bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value relevance of multifaceted corporate social performance: how do country-specific factors matter?
Authors: Jitmaneeroj Boonlert 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between multidimensional corporate social performance (CSP) and shareholder value, considering the moderating impacts of country-specific factors: economic development, the political system, and culture. Based on a sample of public companies in Asian-Pacific emerging countries over the 2010–2020 period, the findings reveal that the aggregate CSP measure obscures the valuation effect, whereas individual CSP dimensions highlight positive valuation effects. The CSP valuation effect varies across dimensions aimed at different stakeholder groups. Notably, narrowly focused CSP dimensions (community, product responsibility, and workforce) demonstrate more pronounced valuation effects than broadly focused dimensions (human rights). Given CSP’s multifaceted nature, directing attention toward the aggregate measure or incorrect dimensions may yield unwarranted conclusions. To enhance shareholder value through CSP, importance-performance analysis suggests prioritized resource allocation to human rights, community, product responsibility, and workforce dimensions. Intriguingly, the positive valuation effect of CSP is amplified in countries with higher income-per-capita and lower corruption, indicative of economic development and a robust political system, respectively. However, humane orientation—a cultural proxy—exerts no moderating impact on the CSP-shareholder value relationship. Comprehending the moderating roles of country-specific factors bears significant implications for bolstering CSP across diverse global regions.
Can digital tools foster ethical deliberation?
Authors: Sleigh Joanna , Hubbs Shannon , Blasimme Alessandro , Vayena Effy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the age of Machine Learning Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing, digital technologies have become interwoven in various aspects of society, including in our practices for ethical deliberation and decision-making. In this study, we present a systematic mapping and taxonomy of digital tools designed explicitly for this purpose and published between 2010 and 2023. By providing a comprehensive overview of the landscape, we identify the key features and mechanisms employed to facilitate ethical deliberation. This research enhances our understanding of the potential role that digital tools can play in supporting ethical decision-making processes, offering valuable insights for ethicists, educators, government organizations, and private institutions seeking to develop, deploy, or utilize such tools.
Impacts of VIE tagging and Rhodamine B immersion staining on two measures of performance for a small-bodied fish
Authors: Franklin P. A. , Crawford R. , van Ravenhorst W. B. , Baker C. F. 
Published: January 2024

Context Passage efficiency is an important metric for quantifying the success of fish-passage remediation. Mark–recapture methods are typically employed to estimate fish-passage efficiency. Although biotelemetry methods have become a benchmark standard for such studies, they remain unfeasible for many small-bodies species because of the excessive size of electronic tags. Aims This study compares two commonly deployed marking methods that are potentially suitable for estimating passage efficiency for small-bodied species, namely, visible implant elastomer (VIE) tagging and batch immersion staining with Rhodamine B. Methods The critical swimming speeds and passage efficiency at a remediated culvert of Galaxias maculatus were compared for VIE-tagged, Rhodamine B-stained and control treatments. Key results Both critical swimming speeds and passage efficiency at the culvert were significantly lower in VIE-tagged Galaxias maculatus than in both control fish and fish stained with Rhodamine B. Conclusions Rhodamine B may be a suitable batch immersion stain for short-term (<4 day), non-destructive mark–recapture studies in small-bodied fishes, but VIE-tagging methods may result in underestimation of passage efficiency. Implications It is important to evaluate the impact of marking techniques on the outcomes of mark–recapture studies to ensure that estimates of passage efficiency are accurate.
Measurement of proton induced absolute production cross-section of 6.13, 6.92 and 7.12 MeV γ-rays from 16O(p,p
′γ
)16O reaction
Authors: Ranga V , Mazumdar I , Weppner S P , Panwar S , Sariyal R , Patel S M , Chavan P B , Rhine Kumar A K , Anil Kumar G 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this article, we report the absolute production cross-section of 6.13, 6.92 and 7.12 MeV γ-rays from the 16O(p,p

′

γ

)16O reaction for incident proton energy range of 8-16 MeV. Angular distributions of the three γ-rays have been measured for seven angles at 9 MeV proton energy. A detailed phenomenological optical model potential (OMP) was set up to analyse the cross-section data. The OMP parameters were optimised using elastic, polarization and total reaction data available in the literature for protons and neutrons. Low-lying states of 16O were coupled, the optical potential was deformed using deformation parameters, and several resonances were included in the calculations to account for the nuclear structure effects. The potentials so generated have been used to calculate the differential and total cross sections for both 16O(p,p

′

)16O and 16O(p,p

′

γ

)16O reactions. Our calculated cross-sections are in fairly good agreement with our measured data for 6.13, 6.92 and 7.12 MeV γ-rays. However, there still exist discrepancies in reproduction of the finer details of the cross sections. The comparisons of the calculations with the data bring forth the rather complex roles of channel couplings, resonances in the p+16O system and target deformation in the variation of the cross sections with projectile energy. The increased contribution of nuclear structure effects in light mass nuclei, leads to an apparent loss of predictive power of the theoretical calculation, as we approach the low-energy region of less than 10 MeV projectile energy.
Development of the occupational exposure during the production and application of radiopharmaceuticals in Germany
Authors: Vogt Julius , Oeh Uwe , Maringer Franz Josef 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
An increasing number of radiopharmaceuticals and proteins are available for diagnosing and treating various diseases. The demand for existing and newly developed pharmaceutical radionuclides and proteins is steadily increasing. The radiation exposure levels of workers in the radiopharmaceutical industry and nuclear medicine field are closely monitored, specifically their effective dose and equivalent dose, leading to the question, of whether the dawn of radiopharmaceuticals affects the occupational exposure level. This development is analyzed and evaluated with data from the German National Dose Register. Data shows that the effective dose in the work categories production and distribution of radioisotopes as well as nuclear medicine slightly decreased from 1997 to 2021. Over the same period, the hand equivalent dose in nuclear medicine increases steadily, with no discernible trend in production and distribution of radioisotopes. Over the past few decades, intentional efforts and measures have been taken to ensure radiation protection. Instruments for monitoring and dose reduction must be continuously applied. Given the low effective dose, the focus in future shall be on dose reduction following the as low as reasonably achievable principle. The development of the hand equivalent dose should be carefully observed in the upcoming years.
Factors affecting radiographers’ use of dose-reduction measures
Authors: Bazzi May , Afram Shilan Shamon , Ndipen Irine Maghanwi , Kåreholt Ingemar , Bjällmark Anna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study investigates radiographers’ views on implementing dose-reduction measures, with a focus on verifying patient identity and pregnancy status, practising gonad shielding in men and using compression. An electronic questionnaire was distributed to radiographers working in general radiography and/or computed tomography. The questionnaire was based on factors from a framework for analysing risk and safety in clinical medicine. Ordered logistic regressions were used to analyse associations among factors and use of dose-reduction measures. In total, 466 questionnaires were distributed and 170 radiographers (36%) completed them. Clear instructions and routines, support from colleagues, knowledge and experience, a strong safety culture, managerial support and access to proper equipment influence the likelihood of using dose-reduction measures. The strongest associations were found between support from colleagues and verifying pregnancy status (OR = 5.65, P = 0.026), safety culture and use of gonad shielding (OR = 2.36, P = 0.042), and having enough time and use of compression (OR = 2.11, P = 0.003). A strong safety culture and a supportive work environment appears to be essential for the use of dose-reduction measures, and education, training and stress management can improve utilisation of dose-reduction measures.
Artificial intelligence model GPT4 narrowly fails simulated radiological protection exam
Authors: Roemer G , Li A , Mahmood U , Dauer L , Bellamy M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study assesses the efficacy of Generative Pre-Trained Transformers (GPT) published by OpenAI in the specialised domains of radiological protection and health physics. Utilising a set of 1064 surrogate questions designed to mimic a health physics certification exam, we evaluated the models’ ability to accurately respond to questions across five knowledge domains. Our results indicated that neither model met the 67% passing threshold, with GPT-3.5 achieving a 45.3% weighted average and GPT-4 attaining 61.7%. Despite GPT-4’s significant parameter increase and multimodal capabilities, it demonstrated superior performance in all categories yet still fell short of a passing score. The study’s methodology involved a simple, standardised prompting strategy without employing prompt engineering or in-context learning, which are known to potentially enhance performance. The analysis revealed that GPT-3.5 formatted answers more correctly, despite GPT-4’s higher overall accuracy. The findings suggest that while GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 show promise in handling domain-specific content, their application in the field of radiological protection should be approached with caution, emphasising the need for human oversight and verification.
National survey to update the diagnostic reference levels in interventional radiology procedures in Italy: working methodology
Authors: D’Ercole L , Rosi A , Bernardi G , Compagnone G , Orlacchio A , Padovani R , Palma A , Grande S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Interventional Radiology (IR) deals with the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases through medically guided imaging. It provides unquestionable benefits to patients, but requires, in many cases, the use of high doses of ionizing radiation with a high impact on radiation risks to patients and to overall dose to the population. The International Commission on Radiological Protection introduced Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) as an effective tool to facilitate dose verification and optimize protection for patients undergoing radiological procedures. In addition, EURATOM Council Directive 2013/59 and its Italian transposition (Legislative Decree 101/2020) have reiterated that DRLs must be established for many common radiological diagnostic procedures to compare the radiation dose delivered for the same diagnostic examination. Within this framework, Istituto Superiore di Sanità—Italian National Institute of Health (ISS)-, in collaboration with relevant Italian Scientific Societies, has provided documents on DRLs in radiological practices such as diagnostic and IR and diagnostic nuclear medicine. These reference documents enable National Hospitals to comply national regulation. The implementation of DRLs in IR is a difficult task because of the wide distribution of doses to patients even within the same procedure. Some studies have revealed that the amount of radiation in IR procedures is influenced more by the complexity of the procedure than by the weight of the patient, so complexity should be included in the definition of DRLs. For this reason, ISS promoted a survey among a sample of Italian Centers update national DRL in IR procedures with related complexity factors than can be useful for other radiological centers and to standardize the DRLs values. In the present paper the procedural methodology developed by ISS and used for the survey will be illustrated.
Wind turbines fault diagnosis method under variable working conditions based on AMVMD and deep discrimination transfer learning network
Authors: Shi Peiming , Jia Linjie , Yi Siying , Han Dongying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
With the wide application of wind turbines, the bearing fault diagnosis of wind turbines has become a research hotspot. Under complex variable working conditions, the vibration signals of bearing components show non-stationary characteristics. Therefore, it is challenging to extract fault features using typical fault diagnosis methods. This paper proposes Adaptive Multivariate Variational Mode Decomposition combined with an improved Deep Discrimination Transfer Learning Network (AMVMD-IDDTLN) for bearing fault diagnosis of wind turbines under variable working conditions. First, the AMVMD method is used for the adaptive decomposition of the original signal, and use SE-ResNet18 convolutional neural network to obtain the transfer features of the source domain and target domain. Then, marginal distribution differences and conditional differences are assessed by DDM measures. The whole model is optimized by cross-entropy and improved joint distribution adaptation loss function, and the identification and classification of cross-working fault characteristics of the wind turbine- bearings are realized. The model achieves 99.48% transfer learning for the ten classifications of CWRU data set, 97% transfer learning for the four classifications of UPB data set, and 90% transfer learning for wind turbine bearing data across working conditions and across equipment. It is concluded that: Compared with similar models, the AMVMD-IDDTLN model proposed in this paper has higher diagnostic accuracy and faster convergence rate, which has certain practicality.
An optimized sparse deep belief network with momentum factor for fault diagnosis of radar transceivers
Authors: Shi Jiantao , Li Xianfeng , Chen Chuang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Transceiver is a crucial component of radar system that allows for the regulation of signal phase and amplitude as well as the amplification of both transmitted and received signals. Its operational efficiency has a significant impact on the whole dependability of the radar system. To ensure the safe and reliable operation of the radar system, an optimized sparse deep belief network with momentum factor is developed to diagnose potential faults of radar transceivers. Firstly, a momentum term is added into the parameter update to enhance the anti-oscillation ability of model parameters in training, while a sparse regular term is integrated into the deep belief network to prevent the model from overfitting. Secondly, to automatically configure the model hyper-parameters, a hybrid sine cosine algorithm (HSCA) with dynamic inertia weight and adaptive strategies is proposed. Thus, an effective diagnostic model named HSCA-MS-DBN is formed by combining sparse deep belief network with momentum factor and HSCA. The efficiency of the proposed HSCA-MS-DBN model is confirmed using an actual-world radar transceiver dataset, and the findings from experiments reveal that this model surpasses multiple prominent intelligent models.
Small Darcy number limit of the Navier–Stokes–Darcy system
Authors: Lyu Wenqi , Wang Xiaoming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the small Darcy number behavior of the Navier–Stokes–Darcy system with the conservation of mass, Beavers–Joseph–Saffman–Jones condition, and the Lions balance of the normal-force interface boundary conditions imposed on the interface separating the Navier–Stokes flow and Darcy flow. We show that the asymptotic behavior of the coupled system, at small Darcy number, can be captured by two semi-decoupled Darcy number independent sequences: a sequence of (linearized) Navier–Stokes equations, and a sequence of Darcy equations with appropriate initial and boundary data. Approximate solutions to any order of the small parameter (Darcy number) can be constructed via the two sequences. The local in time validity of the asymptotic expansion up to second order is presented. And the global in time convergence is derived under the assumption that the Reynolds number is below a threshold value.
Dynamics of the Fermi–Ulam model in an external gravitational field
Authors: Liang Yaqi , Li Xiong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with the possibility of bounded growth of the energy of the Fermi–Ulam model in an external gravitational field. The boundedness of all orbits is established when the forced oscillation is almost periodic and real analytic with respect to time. Furthermore, the existence of infinitely many bounded orbits will be proved when the forced oscillation is only supposed to be bounded in the C
2 norm with no other assumptions, and a specifically forced oscillation is constructed such that an unbounded orbit appears.
Kolmogorov’s dissipation number and determining wavenumber for dyadic models
Authors: Dai Mimi , Hoeller Margaret , Peng Qirui , Zhang Xiangxiong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study some dyadic models for incompressible magnetohydrodynamics and Navier–Stokes equation. The existence of fixed point and stability of the fixed point are established. The scaling law of Kolmogorov’s dissipation wavenumber arises from heuristic analysis. In addition, a time-dependent determining wavenumber is shown to exist; moreover, the time average of the determining wavenumber is proved to be bounded above by Kolmogorov’s dissipation wavenumber. Additionally, based on the knowledge of the fixed point and stability of the fixed point, numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the energy spectrum in the inertial range below Kolmogorov’s dissipation wavenumber.
Time-of-flight scatter rejection in x-ray radiography
Authors: Rossignol J , Bélanger G , Gaudreault D , Therrien A C , Bérubé-Lauziére Y , Fontaine R 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective. Time-of-flight (TOF) scatter rejection allows for identifying and discarding scattered photons without the use of an anti-scatter grid (ASG). Although TOF scatter rejection was initially presented for cone-beam computed tomography, we propose, herein, to extend this approach to x-ray radiography. This work aims to evaluate with simulations if TOF scatter rejection can outperform ASGs for radiography. Approach. GATE was used to simulate the radiography of a head and a torso and a water cylinder with bone inserts in a system with total timing jitters from 0 ps up to 500 ps full-width-at-half-maximum. The transmission factor of TOF scatter rejection for primary and scattered photons was evaluated as if it were a virtual ASG. Main results. With a total timing jitter of 50 ps, TOF scatter rejection can reach a selectivity of 4.93 with a primary photons transmission of 99%. Reducing the timing jitter close to 0 ps increases the selectivity up to 15.85 for a head and torso radiography, outperforming typical ASGs which usually have a selectivity from 2.5 to 10 with a primary photons transmission from 50% to 70%. Significance. This suggests that TOF scatter rejection may be suitable to replace ASGs in applications requiring lower radiation exposure if sufficiently low timing jitter is achieved.
Effects of cellular radioresponse on therapeutic helium-, carbon-, oxygen-, and neon-ion beams: a simulation study
Authors: Masuda Takamitsu , Inaniwa Taku 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective. Helium, oxygen, and neon ions in addition to carbon ions will be used for hypofractionated multi-ion therapy to maximize the therapeutic effectiveness of charged-particle therapy. To use new ions in cancer treatments based on the dose-fractionation protocols established in carbon-ion therapy, this study examined the cell-line-specific radioresponse to therapeutic helium-, oxygen-, and neon-ion beams within wide dose ranges. Approach. Response of cells to ions was described by the stochastic microdosimetric kinetic model. First, simulations were made for the irradiation of one-field spread-out Bragg peak beams in water with helium, carbon, oxygen, and neon ions to achieve uniform survival fractions at 37%, 10%, and 1% for human salivary gland tumor (HSG) cells, the reference cell line for the Japanese relative biological effectiveness weighted dose system, within the target region defined at depths from 90 to 150 mm. The HSG cells were then replaced by other cell lines with different radioresponses to evaluate differences in the biological dose distributions of each ion beam with respect to those of carbon-ion beams. Main results. For oxygen- and neon-ion beams, the biological dose distributions within the target region were almost equivalent to those of carbon-ion beams, differing by less than 5% in most cases. In contrast, for helium-ion beams, the biological dose distributions within the target region were largely different from those of carbon-ion beams, more than 10% in several cases. Significance. From the standpoint of tumor control evaluated by the clonogenic cell survival, this study suggests that the dose-fractionation protocols established in carbon-ion therapy could be reasonably applied to oxygen- and neon-ion beams while some modifications in dose prescription would be needed when the protocols are applied to helium-ion beams. This study bridges the gap between carbon-ion therapy and hypofractionated multi-ion therapy.