bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a set of emergency department performance measures to evaluate delirium care quality for older adults: A modified e-Delphi study
Authors: Filiatreault Sarah , Kreindler Sara A. , Grimshaw Jeremy M. , Chochinov Alecs , Doupe Malcolm B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background.
Older adults are at high risk of developing delirium in the emergency department (ED); however, it is under-recognized in routine clinical care. Lack of detection and treatment is associated with poor outcomes, such as mortality. Performance measures (PMs) are needed to identify variations in quality care to help guide improvement strategies. The purpose of this study is to gain consensus on a set of quality statements and PMs that can be used to evaluate delirium care quality for older ED patients.
Methods.
A 3-round modified e-Delphi study was conducted with ED clinical experts. In each round, participants rated quality statements according to the concepts of importance and actionability, then their associated PMs according to the concept of necessity (1–9 Likert scales), with the ability to comment on each. Consensus and stability were evaluated using a priori criteria using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data was examined to identify themes within and across quality statements and PMs, which went through a participant validation exercise in the final round.
Results.
Twenty-two experts participated, 95.5% were from west or central Canada. From 10 quality statements and 24 PMs, consensus was achieved for six quality statements and 22 PMs. Qualitative data supported justification for including three quality statements and one PM that achieved consensus slightly below a priori criteria. Three overarching themes emerged from the qualitative data related to quality statement actionability. Nine quality statements, nine structure PMs, and 14 process PMs are included in the final set, addressing four areas of delirium care: screening, diagnosis, risk reduction and management.
Conclusion.
Results provide a set of quality statements and PMs that are important, actionable, and necessary to a diverse group of clinical experts. To our knowledge, this is the first known study to develop a de novo set of guideline-based quality statements and PMs to evaluate the quality of delirium care older adults receive in the ED setting.
Alkaline Delignification of Tropical Hardwoods: A promising Approach for Sustainable Material Development
Authors: Maturana Juan Carlos , Arroyave Catalina , Hurtado Alejandro , Echeverría Félix , Correa Esteban 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Wood delignification is a promising approach for developing sustainable materials from tropical hardwoods. This study investigated the uniformity and efficiency of partial alkaline delignification of three commercially important tropical hardwoods (Andiroba, Sande, and Choiba) using a mixed aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfite (NaOH/Na2SO3) as a pretreatment for densification. The effects and distribution of the solution under the influence of the anatomical features of each hardwood were analyzed using FT-IR, optical microscopy, and SEM. The process resulted in the partial removal of lignin and hemicellulose in varying proportions between the center and ends of the wood. This reduction in lignin and hemicellulose content led to a decrease in MOE, MOR, and hardness of the delignified wood. Additionally, the results suggest that sodium accumulation in the wood structure may also modify its mechanical properties. The relationship between the chemical treatment and the anatomical characteristics of the wood species was found to influence delignification, which in turn affected the effectiveness of densification and subsequent compression. The findings of this study suggest that alkaline delignification is a promising approach for developing new materials from tropical hardwoods, but further research is needed to optimize the process and minimize the negative impact on mechanical properties.
LNC000152 participates in aluminum-induced reactive astrocyte proliferation by promoting GFAP expression
Authors: Zhang Zhuoran , Li Xiaoyan , Ma Limin , Wang Shanshan , Zhang Jingsi , Zhou Yue , Guo Xin , Niu Qiao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aluminum is a metal element with significant neurotoxicity, and there is a substantial correlation between aluminum exposure and cognitive dysfunction. GFAP is widely used as a marker of reactive astrocyte proliferation in response to pathological injury of the central nervous system. Studies of various neurodegenerative diseases have confirmed that the expression changes of GFAP are associated with nerve injury. We investigated the role of LNC000152 in aluminum-induced reactive proliferation of astrocytes. By establishing two aluminum-exposed cell models of primary rat astrocytes and CTX-TNA2 cell lines, we examined the expression of LNC000152 and GFAP, detected cell proliferation with EdU and cell cycle changes with flow cytometry. The effect of aluminum to promote glial cell proliferation was verified; the expression levels of LNC000152 and GFAP increased with the concentration of aluminum exposure. Intervention of LNC000152 expression by siRNA technology revealed that LNC000152 affected glial cell responsive proliferation by influencing GFAP expression. These results suggest that LNC000152 plays a role in the reactive proliferation of astrocytes induced by aluminum.
Interaction of Cuminaldehyde with Bovine Serum Albumin and Human Serum Albumin
Authors: BORAH R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cuminaldehyde, an oxidized aldehyde monoterpene, present in green cumin seeds (CuminumcyminumLinn,FamilyApiaceae), is traditionally used for the treatment of abdominal colic, dyspepsia , diarrhoea and jaundice. Also, many studies have reported the antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal effects of Cuminaldehyde. Serum albumins are the major soluble and small molecule-binding proteins, present in abundance in the circulatory system of a wide variety of organisms. Studies on the interaction of bioactive molecules with Bovine serum albumin(BSA) and Human serum albumin(HSA) have attracted enormous interest due to its direct consequence on drug delivery, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic efficacy and drug designing. Our present study is carried out to understand the mechanism of interaction of pharmaceutically important component of spices, Cuminaldehyde with BSA and HSA. Fluorescence spectroscopic measurements confirmed that Cuminaldehyde interacted with BSA and HSA and quenched its fluorescence intensity via static quenching mechanism. The change in secondary conformation of BSA and HSA upon interaction with Cuminaldehyde was explored by UV-Visible absorption studies. The location of binding site for Cuminaldehyde in BSA and HSA was investigated by site probe displacement experiments and the results indicated that Cuminaldehyde was bound to BSA and HSA at site I. Thermodynamic studies revealed that vander Waal’s interaction and hydrogen bonding play a major role in Cuminaldehyde-BSA system while electrostatic interaction plays vital role in Cuminaldehyde-HSA system.
Co-assessment of costs and environmental impacts for off-grid direct air carbon capture and storage (DACS) systems
Authors: Gutsch Moritz , Leker Jens 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Large-scale deployment of direct air carbon capture and storage (DACS) is required to offset CO2 emissions. To guide decision-making, a combined assessment of costs and environmental impacts for DACS systems is necessary. The present work presents a cost model and life cycle assessment for several combinations of off-grid DACSs, powered by photovoltaic (PV) energy and heat pumps combined with battery storages to mitigate intermittency of the PV energy source. Utilization factors of DACSs are estimated for different locations, power of PV systems and battery capacities. We find that the cost optimal layout for a DACS in Nevada (USA) with a nominal CO2 removal capacity of 100,000 tCO2/year consists of 100MW PV and 300MWh battery. Costs are $755 and $877 for gross and net removal of 1 tCO2. The cost difference is explained by a carbon removal efficiency (CRE) of 88%. Of 16 evaluated environmental impact categories mineral resource use is most problematic. We conceive a dashboard which allows to track how changes to technical parameters, such as energy consumption or adsorbent degradation, impact costs, CRE and combined environmental impacts. In an optimized scenario and including tax credits, costs for net-removal of 1tCO2 will be $216 at a CRE of 93%.
Super-resolved snapshot hyperspectral imaging of solid-state quantum emitters for high-throughput integrated quantum technologies
Authors: Liu Jin , Liu Shunfa , Li Xueshi , Liu Hanqing , Qiu Guixin , Ma Jiantao , Nie Liang , Ni Hai-Qiao , Niu Zhichuan , Qiu Cheng-wei , Wang Xue-Hua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Solid-state quantum emitters coupled to integrated photonic nanostructures are quintessential for exploring fundamental phenomena in cavity quantum electrodynamics and widely employed in photonic quantum technologies such as non-classical light sources, quantum repeaters, and quantum transducers, etc. One of the most exciting promises from integrated quantum photonics is the potential of scalability that enables massive productions of miniaturized devices on a single chip. In reality, the yield of efficient and reproducible light-matter couplings is greatly hindered by the spectral and spatial mismatches between the single solid-state quantum emitters and confined or propagating optical modes supported by the photonic nanostructures, preventing the high-throughput realization of large-scale integrated quantum photonic circuits for more advanced quantum information processing tasks. In this work, we introduce the concept of hyperspectral imaging in quantum optics, for the first time, to address such a long-standing issue. By exploiting the extended mode with a unique dispersion in a 1D planar cavity, the spectral and spatial information of each individual quantum dot in an ensemble can be accurately and reliably extracted from a single wide-field photoluminescence image with super-resolutions. With the extracted quantum dot positions and emission wavelengths, surface-emitting quantum light sources and in-plane photonic circuits can be deterministically fabricated with a high-throughput by etching the 1D confined planar cavity into 3D confined micropillars and 2D confined waveguides. Further extension of this technique by employing an open planar cavity could be exploited for pursuing a variety of compact quantum photonic devices with expanded functionalities for large-scale integration. Our work is expected to change the landscape of integrated quantum photonic technology in which solid-state quantum emitters play essential roles as superior quantum light sources and efficient spin-photon interfaces.
Global research of artificial intelligence in lung Cancer: A bibliometric and visualized study
Authors: Yang Qiwei , Wang Ziyi , Lv Ling , Liu Zhenghua , Men Wanfu , Li Wenya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: In recent years, the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has created new opportunities for lung cancer research, and a large number of academic research results have been published. We used a bibliometric approach to visualize and analyze the scientific research results related to AI in lung cancer in the 21st century, and summarize the current status and research hotspots in this field.
Methods: Published scientific literature related to AI in lung cancer was searched in The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). R software, Citespace, VOSviewer, Microsoft Excel 2019 and Tableau were used for bibliometric analysis and scientific mapping visualization.
Results: The number of publications increased annually from 2000 to 2022, and the United States and Stanford University were the most influential countries and research institutions, respectively. The most prominent researcher is Philippe Lambin from Maastricht University Medical Centre in the Netherlands. Journal of Clinical Oncology is the most cited journal, and Frontiers in Oncology is the most productive journal. Machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), pulmonary nodules, radiomics, and prognosis are the most frequently occurring keywords and trending topics in the field.
Conclusions: AI has a wide range of promising applications in lung cancer, and more and more researchers are devoted to this field of study. The results of our bibliometric analysis provide researchers with a more intuitive understanding of the current status and trends of research in this field. Quantitative and visual analysis can guide scholars worldwide in their research and exploration.
Vitamin D3 Supplementation Could Improve the Effect of Exercise Training on Type 2 Diabetes -Induced Metabolic Disorders via BDNF/Irisin Axis in Elderly Women
Authors: Mashhadi Marjan Rostamian , Bijeh Nahid , Rashidlamir Amir , Raoof Ali Akbar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Metabolic disorders are commonly linked to the process of aging and menopause. It is assumed that exercise and vitamin D (VitD) can have positive effects on the body, specifically via changes in irisin and brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) levels. This study aimed to investigate the concurrent effect of VitD3 and exercise training on insulin resistance, memory performance, irisin, and serum BDNF in postmenopausal women with diabetes.
Methods
In the present study, forty participants were randomly assigned into four groups of placebo, VitD3, placebo + combined exercise, and VitD3 + combined exercise (n = 10 for each group). The exercise groups received the related treatments for 8 weeks. Before the implementation of interventions and 24 hours after the last session, short-term/working memory performance, insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA), fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol, low/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL/HDL), triglyceride (TG), VitD3 levels, fasting serum BDNF and irisin were measured.
Results
Our data indicated the highest reduction in HOMA, insulin, cholesterol, TG, LDL (P < 0.001), FBS (P < 0.01), but the highest amount of increase in irisin and BDNF (P = 0.007; P = 0.004, respectively) and Digit Span Forwards and Backwards tests (P = 0.002 and P = 0.006, respectively) in VitD3 + combined exercise compared with the placebo group.
Conclusion
Our findings showed that the combination of VitD3 supplementation and aerobic training/MSROM, compared with mono-therapy can effectively attenuate insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk factors, and improve memory performance in postmenopausal women diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, in part due to the signaling of BDNF and irisin.
Short-chain-fatty acid valerate reduces voluntary alcohol intake in male mice
Authors: Bokoliya Suresh C , Russell Jordan , Dorsett Yair , Panier Hunter , Singh Vijender , Daddi Lauren , Yuan Hanshu , Dedon Liv R. , Liu Zhongmao , Barson Jessica R. , Covault Jonathan , Bubier Jason A. , Zhou Yanjiao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Despite serious health and social consequences, effective intervention strategies for habitual alcohol binge drinking are lacking. Development of novel therapeutic and preventative approaches is highly desirable. Accumulating evidence in the past several years has established associations between the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites with drinking behavior, but druggable targets and their underlying mechanism of action are understudied.
Results
Here, using a drink-in-the-dark mouse model, we identified a microbiome metabolite-based novel treatment (sodium valerate) that can reduce excessive alcohol drinking. Sodium valerate is a sodium salt of valeric acidshort-chain-fatty-acid with similar structure as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Ten days of oral sodium valerate supplementation attenuates excessive alcohol drinking by 40%, reduces blood ethanol concentration by 53%, and improves anxiety-like or approach-avoidance behavior in male mice, without affecting overall food and water intake. Mechanistically, sodium valerate supplementation increases GABA levels across stool, blood, and amygdala. It also significantly increases H4 acetylation in the amygdala of mice. Transcriptomics analysis of the amygdala revealed that sodium valerate supplementation led to changes in gene expression associated with functional pathways including potassium voltage-gated channels, inflammation, glutamate degradation, L-DOPA degradation, and psychological behaviors. 16S microbiome profiling showed that sodium valerate supplementation shifts the gut microbiome composition and decreases microbiome-derived neuroactive compounds through GABA degradation in the gut microbiome.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that the sodium valerate holds promise as an innovative therapeutic avenue for the reduction of habitual binge drinking, potentially through multifaceted mechanisms.
Experiences of parents of children receiving immunotherapy for neuroblastoma in China: a qualitative study
Authors: Li Xiaohua , Bu Weizhen , Ji Ziling , Wang Xiao , Hu Xiaojing , Xuan Yan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to capture and explore the experience of parents of children receiving immunotherapy for neuroblastoma in China.
Design and method A phenomenological qualitative study design was used, and
a purposive sampling technique to recruit parents of children with neuroblastoma from August to September 2023 at Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center Boao worldlight hospital.Semi-structured interviews were conducted to document the experience of participants.Colaizzi's seven-step data analysis method was used to analyse the data to reveal the themes of the phenomenon.
Results Fourteen parents participated in the study.A total of six themes were extracted on parents' experience of caring for a child with neuroblastoma during the immunotherapy:worry and fear; feeling support;expection and hope;just wishing the child to live and healthy;expection for new drugs and financial stress.
Conclusion These findings make an important contribution to healthcare professionals’ understanding the experience of parents of children with neuroblastoma receiving immunotherapy.Worry and fear and Financial stress issues are likely to be heavier in this population. Oncology specialist nurses should to pay attention to the experience of parents, promote health education according to the needs of parents, improve social support, and then improve the quality of care for children with NB in China.
Resveratrol activates autophagy to protect the skin from UVA- induced photoaging by regulating the AMPK pathway
Authors: Xia Yangmin , Zhang Hao , Wu Xiangyi , Xu Ye , Tan Qian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Skin photoaging is mostly caused by ultraviolet A (UVA), although active medications to effectively counteract UVA-induced photoaging have not yet been created. Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol found in the skin of grapes, has been shown to have various biological functions such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. However, the role of resveratrol in UVA-induced photoaging has not been clarified. We investigated the mechanism of action of resveratrol by UVA irradiation of human skin fibroblasts (HSF) and innovatively modified a mouse model of photoaging. The results demonstrated that resveratrol promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation to activate autophagy, reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inhibit apoptosis, and restore normal cell cycle to alleviate UVA-induced photoaging. In addition, subcutaneous injection of resveratrol not only improved the symptoms of roughness, erythema, and increased wrinkles in the skin of UVA photodamaged mice, but also alleviated epidermal hyperkeratosis and hyperpigmentation, reduced inflammatory responses, and inhibited collagen fiber degradation. In conclusion, our studies proved that resveratrol can treat UVA-induced photoaging and elucidated the possible molecular mechanisms involved, providing a new therapeutic strategy for future anti-aging.
The Utility of Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein- Cholesterol Ratio (MHR) in Estimating Renal Function Impairment: Cross-Sectional Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018
Authors: Pan Yongdong , Qian Subo , Xu Guofeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (MHR) is a good marker to evaluate the development and progression of atherosclerosis. There is a close correlation between atherosclerosis and renal function. However, the predictive values of MHR for renal function impairment have been underutilized. This study investigated the association of MHR with renal function impairment in the adult population of the United States.
Methods
This study included 31909 participants (≥ 18 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018 that were grouped according to MHR tertiles. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) were calculated as the main indexes of renal function impairment were employed to investigate differences among the groups. Moreover, the relationship of MHR with renal function impairment was further explored using multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis.
Results
The MHR tertile ranges are: <0.009, 0.009–0.013, > 0.013. There were statistically significant differences in all baseline variables between MHR groups (all P < 0.05). Overall, heightened MHR levels correlated positively with diminished eGFR as well as the presence of microalbuminuria (eGFR: OR:1.23, 95%CI:1.02–1.48, P = 0.03; microalbuminuria: OR:1.17, 95%CI: 1.01–136, P = 0.04), and there was no significant association with macroalbuminuria after fully adjusting for covariates. Segmenting MHR into tertiles unveiled that the middle tertile (Q2) bore no marked correlation with the trio of outcomes in contrast to the first tertile (Q1). Conversely, the third tertile (Q3) exhibited an amplified association with a reduced eGFR and the onset of microalbuminuria (eGFR: OR:1.52,95%CI:1.06–2.18, P = 0.03; microalbuminuria: OR:1.38, 95%CI: 1.01–1.87, P = 0.04). In RCS model, MHR was still correlated with decreased eGFR and microalbuminuria (P− overall<0.05), but not with macroalbuminuria, and the correlation between MHR and decreased eGFR was non-linear (P− non linear<0.05). In addition, in subgroup analysis, there was a stronger association in populations such as women and hypertension.
Conclusions
MHR was significantly related to decreased eGFR and microalbuminuria in the general population and this relationship appears even more pronounced in particular demographic subsets.