bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomogram model for predicting cause-specific mortality in patients with Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: a competing risk analysis Insight from the SEER Database and a Chinese Cohort.
Authors: Fu Xinao , Chen Yang , Fan Zongqi , Wang Weisi , Wang Ziying , Yin Haoting , Li Jushang , Guo Shigang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to analyze the risk factors for Cancer-Specific Mortality (CSM) and Other-Cause Mortality (OCM) in early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) patients,and to construct a nomogram for predicting CSM based on a competitive risk model and validate it using training, internal, and external cohorts.
Methods
EOCRC patients from the SEER database(2008–2017). Furthermore, EOCRC patients treated at a Northeast China tertiary hospital were included(2014–2020). The SEER data were randomly divided into training and validation sets at a 7:3 ratio. Univariate COX regression model was used to screen for prognostic correlates. Multivariate Cox regression models were then employed to identify independent risk factors. A nomogram visualized results, assessed by C-index,AUC and calibration curves. DCA evaluated clinical utility.
Results
A total of 8,813 patients were collected from the SEER database, divided into training (N = 6,610) and validation (N = 2,203) sets. 76 patients were included from the Chinese cohort(N = 76). Multivariable Cox regression models revealed that race, tumor differentiation, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), marital status, histological type, AJCC stage, and surgical status were independent risk factors for CSM in EOCRC patients. The nomogram constructed based on those independent risk factors had good performance with C-index of 0.806 ,0.801and 0.810 for the training, internal validation and external validation cohorts, respectively.Calibration curves and AUC also indicated the nomogram's accuracy and discriminative ability. Also DCA reflects the good clinical value of the model.
Conclusion
This study successfully established a competing risk model for CSM in EOCRC patients, demonstrating good predictive value, which may help clinicians to make better treatment decision making.
The Impact of a Web-based Clinical Decision Support System on Adherence to Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Guidelines in ICU Nonsurgical Patients: A Prospective Study
Authors: Karajizadeh Mehrdad , Zand Farid , Sharifian Roxana , Vazin Afsaneh , Sabetian Golnar , Saeidnia Mohammadreza 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
There are gaps between expert recommendations and clinical practices in venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis among nonsurgical patients worldwide. The rate of adherence to evidence-based practice is inadequate in the nonsurgical population. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) on the appropriate VTE prophylaxis in nonsurgical patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study, pre- and post-implementation CDSS for recommendation VTE prophylaxis order set, to analyze the effect of the CDSS within the Computerized provider order entry system (CPOE) on the appropriate VTE prophylaxis in three ICUs of the Nemazee hospital before intervention from 20 April to 21 November 2020 and post-intervention duration 7 April to 9 July 2021. The pre-intervention and post-intervention phase samples comprised 175 and 27 patients, respectively. P-value < 0.05 was considered a significant level. All statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 24.
Results
Adherence to VTE prophylaxis guidelines after introducing CDSS for the recommendation of VTE prophylaxis within the CPOE systems in nonsurgical patients in ICUs increased from 48.6–77.8% (p-value < 01). However, mortality rate of pre-intervention (13.80%) vs post-intervention (14.80%) (p-value = 0.88) and means of length of stay of pre-intervention (13.66) vs post-intervention (13.63) (p-value = 0.49) in ICU were not significantly changed after introduction of CDSS for recommendation of VTE prophylaxis order sets.
Conclusion
The results indicate that the CDSS for recommendation VTE prophylaxis within CPOE improves adherence to VTE prophylaxis in nonsurgical patients at ICUs, which assists the provider in selecting the most tailored VTE prophylaxis. Further studies are needed to evaluate implemented CDSS for the recommendation of the VTE prophylaxis in nonsurgical patients at the local and national levels.
Early Warning Systems For Malaria Outbreaks in Thailand: An Anomaly Detection Approach
Authors: Srimo Oraya , Pan-Ngum Wirichada , Khamsiriwatchara Amnat , Padungtod Chantana , Tipmontree Rungrawee , Choosri Noppon , Saralamba Sompob 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Malaria continues to pose a significant health threat. Rapid identification of malaria infections and the deployment of active surveillance tools are crucial for achieving malaria elimination in Thailand. In this study, we introduce an anomaly detection system as an early warning mechanism for potential malaria outbreaks in the country.
Methods
We developed and compared statistical, machine learning, and threshold-based anomaly detection algorithms to identify atypical malaria activity in Thailand. Additionally, we designed a user interface tailored for anomaly detection, enabling the Thai malaria surveillance team to utilize these algorithms and visualize regions exhibiting unusual malaria patterns.
Results
We formulated nine distinct anomaly detection algorithms. Their efficacy in pinpointing verified outbreaks was assessed using malaria case data from Thailand spanning 2012 to 2022. The historical average threshold-based anomaly detection method triggered three times fewer alerts, while correctly identifying the same number of verified outbreaks. A limitation of this analysis is the small number of verified outbreaks; further consultation with the Division of Vector Borne Disease could help identify more verified outbreaks. The developed dashboard, designed specifically for anomaly detection, allows disease surveillance professionals to easily identify and visualise unusual malaria activity at a provincial level across Thailand.
Conclusion
We propose an enhanced early warning system to bolster malaria elimination efforts in Thailand. The developed anomaly detection algorithms, after thorough comparison, have been optimized for seamless integration with the current malaria surveillance infrastructure. An anomaly detection dashboard for Thailand is built and supports early detection of abnormal malaria activity. In summary, our proposed early warning system enhances the identification process for provinces at risk of outbreaks and offers easy integration with Thailand’s established malaria surveillance framework.
Investigation of the effect of curcumin and nystatin, independently and in combination, on Candida albicans biofilm formation in laboratory settings
Authors: Zahmatkesh Bibihajar , Aghcheli Bahman , Hosseini Seyededeh Sedigheh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjective Biofilm formation is an important factor in the pathogenesis ofCandida albicans, which leads to persistent infection and antibiotic resistance in humans. We investigated the in vitro activities of antibiotic nystatin and curcumin, either alone or in combination against biofilms ofCandida albicans. Methods The Mycology Laboratory at Golestan University of Medical Sciences in Grogan, Iran gathered 399 clinical isolates of Candida albicans, with 168 (42%) from urinary tract infections (UTI) and 231 (58%) from vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). To determine antifungal susceptibility and biofilm formation, the microdilution broth and tetrazolium salt (XTT) reduction assays were conducted. Results In a concentration-dependent pattern, nystatin and curcumin significantly reduced biofilm formation in all strains. Curcumin was observed to have a detachment effect on biofilms at concentrations of 8 µg/ml, 16 µg/ml, and 32 µg/ml. The sub-MIC, MIC, and 2MIC values of nystatin ranged from 6 to 12 µg/mL, 8 to 16 µg/mL, and 32 to 64 µg/mL, respectively. When combined with curcumin, the inhibition of biofilm formation by antifungals was significantly reduced by 4- to 32-fold. Conclusions The combination of nystatin and curcumin exhibited impressive effectiveness in countering biofilms, including their prevention and combat inCandida albicans.
Performance assessment Of Indian Spinach (Basella alba) as an Under Storey Crop in Aonla-Lemon Based Multistoried Agroforestry System Manuscript Draft
Authors: Hossain Md. Sohrab , Rahman Mezanur , Saha Satya Ranjan , Hoque Md. Azizul , Miah Md. Main Uddin , Yeasmin Mst. Nilufa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Multistoried agroforestry in Bangladesh is decisive to deal with the challenge of shrinking arable land and repeated climatic hazards together with a handsome economic benefit to the farmers of the country. This research aimed to investigate the performance of Indian spinach in an aonla-based multistoried agroforestry which was contrasted alongside the production of open field condition of five different Indian spinach varieties that were also inspected for best-performing varieties. The results reveal that with the differences in Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) various growth and yield-related attributes get affected as a result yield decreased in T1 (Aonla+Lemon+Indian Spinach) followed by T2 (Aonla+Indian Spinach) than T3 (Open field) which could be attributed to competition for above and below ground resources. But in fact, the total output of T1 was highest followed by T2 than T3 because diversified products in the Agroforestry system added to the total output and ratified the superiority of the agroforestry system over the sole crop. Whereas in case of different varieties BARI puishak 2 proved its supremacy over other four varieties. Among the treatment combinations, BARI puishak 2 in combination with T1 agroforestry system (T1V2) proved best performing in respect of the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 3.68 and Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) value of 3.56. In a nutshell, the study concluded that agroforestry practices with Indian spinach could be an excellent alternative to ensure higher financial benefit, protect and preserve the environment and promote food and nutritional security to the impoverished farmers of Bangladesh.
Stress-dependent creep behaviour of Neogene red clay in the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhang Ziran , Zhang Maosheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Neogene red clay is a typical weak layer associated with the occurrence of many landslides in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Understanding and modelling the creep behaviour of Neogene red clay is crucial for revealing, forecasting, and preventing landslides. However, there is still a lack of appropriate descriptions for the stress-dependent creep behaviour of Neogene red clay. To remedy this issue, a series of direct shear creep tests for saturated Neogene red clay are performed. Test results show that saturated Neogene red clay exhibits apparent creep deformation and that its creep behaviour is closely associated with shear stress and normal stress. Based on the test observations, the parameters of the classic Burgers creep model are modified by considering the effect of normal stress, and a stress-dependent Burgers creep model is proposed. The proposed model includes eight parameters that can be conveniently calibrated using laboratory tests. A comparison of model predictions and test data for saturated Neogene red clay is performed to validate the model performance in describing the stress-dependent creep behaviour. The discussion provides an explanation for the creep mechanism of the loess–Neogene red clay landslide in terms of the stress-dependent creep behaviour of saturated Neogene red clay.
Preprocessing and Frame Level Classification Framework for Cardiac Phase Detection in 2D Echocardiography
Authors: Singh Gajraj , Darji Anand D. , Sarvaiya Jignesh N. , Patnaik Suprva 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The first and critical step of accurate heart function analysis (i.e., ventricles volume, Ejection Fraction, and stroke volume measurement) in echocardiography is the detection of end-diastole (ED) and end-systole (ES) frames. Detecting these frames is challenging due to variations in cardiac structure, heart rate associated with clinical conditions, and the low-resolution nature of echo sequences. Several deep learning techniques have recently emerged, primarily combining convolutional neural networks (CNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN). These models were trained on a range of datasets, including open-access sources like CAMUS, PACS, and EchoNet-Dynamic, as well as private datasets. The largest open-access dataset, EchoNet Dynamic, has poor echo phase detection compared to other datasets. This suggests that the dataset has noise, which is removed in this study using three preprocessing steps: Noise reduction using heart rate formulation, Video frame synchronization, and Non-oscillating Mean absolute frame difference (MAFD). Additionally, this study formulates the echo phase detection problem as frame-level binary classification, distinguishing between diastole and systole phases. The proposed architecture takes the echo sequence as an input and a customized time-distributed CNN extracts spatial features from each frame. These frame features are fed into a bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) network, capturing temporal information, followed by a classification layer. The model is trained on the pre-processed EchoNet-Dynamic dataset. Compared to true labels, an average absolute frame distance (aaFD) of 1.02 and 1.04 frames is achieved for ED and ES frames, respectively. Moreover, it operates with an inference time of less than 65 ms for an input sequence consisting of 32 frames on a graphics processing unit (GPU).
Majie Pingchuan cataplasm alleviates asthma by regulating Th1/Th2/Treg/ Th17 balance
Authors: Liu Yuanjun , Liu Haixia , Shao Qi , Shi Hanfen , Cheng Fafeng , Wang Xueqian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
T cells play a critical role in inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Majie Pingchuan cataplasm (MJPC) on asthma and to propose a possible mechanism involved in this process.
Methods
Airway inflammation, infiltration of inflammatory cells, levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-17 and IFN-γ, and levels of Th2, Treg, Th17 and Th1 cells, and the expressions of IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, GATA-3, Foxp3, RORγt, and T-bet were detected.
Key findings:
MJPC treatment reduced lung airway resistance and inflammatory infiltration in lung tissues. MJPC treatment also reduced the numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils in the blood and BALF. The levels of IL-4 and IL-17 in the blood, BALF, and lungs were suppressed by MJPC, and IFN-γ and IL-10 were increased. Furthermore, MJPC suppressed the percentage of Th2 and Th17, and increased the percentage of Th1 and Treg in spleen cells. In addition, MJPC can inhibit asthma by increasing expressions of IFN-γ, IL-10, T-bet and Foxp3 as well as decreasing expressions of IL-4, IL-17, GATA-3 and RORγt.
Conclusions
MJPC may improve airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation by regulating Th1/Th2/Treg/Th17 balance in OVA rats. And MJPC may be a new source of antiasthma drugs.
Catheter Ablation of Supraventricular Tachycardia in Children Using Three-Dimensional Electroanatomic Mapping Systems; A Single Center Experience
Authors: UYSAL Fahrettin , Genc Abdusselam , Turkmen Hasan , Kucuker Hakan , Bostan Ozlem M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Supraventricular tachycardia is the most frequently seen tachycardia in children and catheter ablation of the tachycardia substrate using 3-D mapping systems has evolved. The aim of this study was to present data on catheter ablation of SVT in children and adolescents.Methods Patients with supraventricular tachycardia and asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome undergoing an electrophysiological study at our center between 2015 January and 2022 December were identified from our institutional database.Results At the time of the procedure, the median age was 12.8 (2.1–19.4) years, and the median body weight was 52 (13–125) kg. There were 138 total ablations with 123 (91.1%) acutely successful ablations performed in 135 individual patients. 71/135 (58.2%) patients with ablation had an accessory pathway, and 59/135 (43.7%) patients with ablation had atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia. Atrial ectopic tachycardia was detected in a total of 5 patients. The acute success rate of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome was 87% while it was found as 100% in atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia. There was a significant difference between patients with and without an accessory pathway in terms of final success. Permanent complete AV block was not observed. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of recurrence with the mapping systems used.Conclusions In conclusion, ablation is highly curative and safe in the first-line treatment of SVT in children. 3-D mapping systems should be preferred because of radiation risk in children, and there is no difference between two different systems in terms of success.
Compliance of volunteers in a fully-enclosed patient rotation system for MR-guided radiation therapy – a prospective study
Authors: Beyer Cedric , Paul Katharina Maria , Dorsch Stefan , Echner Gernot , Dinkel Fabian , Welzel Thomas , Seidensaal Katharina , Hörner-Rieber Juliane , Jäkel Oliver , Debus Jürgen , Klüter Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Particle therapy makes a noteworthy contribution in the treatment of tumor diseases. In order to be able to irradiate from different angles, usually expensive, complex and large gantries are used. Instead rotating the beam via a gantry, the patient itself might be rotated. Here we present tolerance and compliance of volunteers for a fully-enclosed patient rotation system in a clinical magnetic resonance (MR)-scanner for potential use in MR-guided radiotherapy, conducted within a prospective evaluation study.
Method
A patient rotation system was used to simulate and perform magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-examinations with 50 volunteers without an oncological question. For 20 participants, the MR-examination within the bore was simulated by introducing realistic MRI noise, whereas 30 participants received an examination with image acquisition. Initially, body parameters and claustrophobia were assessed. The subjects were then rotated to different angles for simulation (0°, 45°, 90°, 180°) and imaging (0°, 70°, 90°, 110°). At each angle, anxiety and motion sickness were assessed using a 6-item State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory (STAI-6) and a modified Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire (MSAQ). In addition, general areas of discomfort were evaluated.
Results
Out of 50 subjects, three (6%) subjects terminated the study prematurely. One subject dropped out during simulation due to nausea while rotating to 45°. During imaging, further two subjects dropped out due to shoulder pain from positioning at 90° and 110°, respectively. The average result for claustrophobia (0 = no claustrophobia to 4 = extreme claustrophobia) was none to light claustrophobia (average score: simulation 0.64 ± 0.33, imaging 0.51 ± 0.39). The mean anxiety scores (0% = no anxiety to 100% = maximal anxiety) were 11.04% (simulation) and 15.82% (imaging). Mean motion sickness scores (0% = no motion sickness to 100% = maximal motion sickness) of 3.5% (simulation) and 6.76% (imaging) were obtained across all participants.
Conclusion
Our study proves the feasibility of horizontal rotation in a fully-enclosed rotation system within an MR-scanner. Anxiety scores were low and motion sickness was only a minor influence. Both anxiety and motion sickness showed no angular dependency. Further optimizations with regard to immobilization in the rotation device may increase subject comfort.
Operational wind forecast over the offshore Campos basin and adjacent coastal region in Brazil: support for the oil and gas industry toward renewable energy transition
Authors: Silva Mauricio Soares da , Dragaud Ian Cunha D’Amato Viana , Jacinto Larissa de Freitas Ramos , Moraes Nilton Oliveira , Assad Luiz Paulo de Freitas , Evsukoff Alexandre Gonçalves , Landau Luiz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In the context of the energy transition, the Campos Basin region is one of the most important and strategic areas in Brazil, given its relevance in oil and gas production, great wind resources, and proximity to the most populous region in the country. In this context the performance of a Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) operational system based on the Weather Research and Forecasting model was evaluated, in addition to an investigation of the influence of physiographic aspects and meteorological systems on the near-surface wind regime. The numerical results of wind were evaluated in comparison to one year of observational data at onshore and offshore meteorological stations. Despite the well-known spin-up problem of NWP models, the best results were obtained in the first 24 hours. Consequently, the spin-up was less significant for model performance than the deviation from the initial conditions. Overall, the best results were obtained for the offshore rather than onshore region. The model was more assertive for the most frequent wind speed classes and had a worse performance for the extreme classes, overestimating the weakest winds and underestimating the strongest winds. A counterclockwise directional bias was also found overall, indicating overestimation (underestimation) of synoptic (local) forcing. From a seasonal perspective, the best results were obtained for the winter period, characterized by the greater influence of the South Atlantic Subtropical Anticyclone. The onshore winds revealed a pattern of clockwise rotation as one moves towards higher latitudes. One hypothesis is that this pattern is a consequence of the synergistic influence of orography, coastline shape, land-sea drag difference, and air-sea interaction phenomena. Finally, this study indicates that the NWP system is promising, proving to be an important tool for managing activities related to the current oil and gas industry in addition to subsidizing the expansion of wind energy exploration.
Pleomorphic Adenoma Metastasizing to Mandible and Scalp: Presentation of Two Unique Cases
Authors: Su Vivian , Yun Jun , Sayeed Salmaan , Rubin Samuel , Ramirez Ricardo , Berger Michael , Khorsandi Azita , Chen Hua , Genden Eric , Teng Marita , Fan Jun , Wiedmer Christina , Brandwein-Weber Margaret , Urken Mark 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma (MPA) is a rare salivary tumor that retains benign histopathology despite giving rise to metastases. The typical history of MPA is one of multiple local recurrences prior to developing metastasis. We present clinicoradiological and pathology data of two patients with MPA involving mandible and scalp and report their clinical course and surgical outcomes. Additionally, we review the literature on MPA affecting mandible and scalp subsites. One patient developed metastases 23 years after primary parotidectomy, without intervening recurrences. The other patient developed their first local recurrence 16 years after primary parotid resection. Later, developing multiple regional metastases to the scalp and mandible. Literature review revealed four prior reports of solitary mandibular MPA and five cases of MPA involving the scalp. MPA still represents a rare entity. It cannot be predicted as to which rare pleomorphic adenomas go on to develop metastases. Mandibular involvement might be misconstrued as local recurrence, but does represent a known site for “benign” metastases.