bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De l’indispensable intégration des savoirs climatiques autochtones dans les politiques climatiques en Afrique centrale36
Authors: Bigombe Logo Patrice , Toukéa Dieudonné 
Published: January 2024

Les chasseurs-cueilleurs « Pygmées » et les pasteurs nomades « Mbororo » sont deux groupes de peuples autochtones d’Afrique centrale. Depuis des millénaires, ils vivent en harmonie avec la nature. Cette relation fusionnelle avec la nature a contribué à la formation de leurs savoirs sur le fonctionnement des écosystèmes, des milieux naturels et sur le climat. Alors que les savoirs autochtones et locaux sur la nature sont progressivement reconnus dans les instruments internationaux comme la Convention sur la diversité biologique et le Protocole de Nagoya et dans les politiques de développement des États d’Afrique centrale, comme en témoignent de nombreuses études récentes, ceux relatifs au climat tardent à l’être dans les politiques climatiques. Cet article pose ce problème et présente la reconnaissance et l’intégration des savoirs climatiques autochtones dans les politiques climatiques comme une ressource importante pour la lutte contre les changements climatiques en Afrique centrale. Dans la première partie, les auteurs proposent une typologie des savoirs climatiques des chasseurs-cueilleurs « Pygmées » et des pasteurs nomades « Mbororo ». Dans la seconde, ils constatent l’indifférence des politiques climatiques aux savoirs climatiques autochtones et, dans la troisième et dernière partie, ils discutent des approches possibles de leur utilisation dans la lutte contre les changements climatiques en Afrique centrale.
Notes de terrain. Séminaire opéra 21-22
Authors: Bild Sarah 
Published: January 2024

Ces notes reflètent mon parcours et mes questionnements en tant que pédagogue au sein d’un séminaire interdisciplinaire et interfacultaire de création d’opéra et de composition de musique pour la scène à l’Université de Montréal, qui s’est donné entre septembre 2022 et février 2023. Organisé en 15 séances de 3 heures, ce séminaire a servi de tremplin à quatre équipes interdisciplinaires de création pour le développement, en partenariat avec l’Opéra de Montréal, d’un opéra de 5 minutes en réalités augmentée et virtuelle. J’y ai participé en tant qu’artiste du mouvement et chorégraphe, afin d’aider les artistes à intégrer la présence physique dans leur processus de création. Ces notes se veulent un témoignage impressionniste d’un projet ambitieux et innovateur où mon rôle était continuellement à redéfinir face aux nouvelles technologies.
Proteomic detection of COX-2 pathway-related factors in patients with adenomyosis
Authors: Zhang Jihua , Shi Luying , Duan Jingya , Li Minmin , Li Canyu 
Published: January 2024

Background
Investigating the relationship between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway-related factors and clinical features in patients with adenomyosis by proteomics could provide potential therapeutic targets.

Methods
This study recruited 40 patients undergoing surgical hysterectomy and pathological diagnosis of adenomyosis, collected ectopic endometrial specimens, and recorded clinical data. The expression levels of COX-2 in ectopic uterus lesions were detected using the immunohistochemical (IHC) SP method. The 40 samples were then divided into a COX-2 low or high expression group. Five samples with the most typical expression levels were selected from each of the two groups and the differential proteins between the two groups were identified using label-free quantitative proteomics. WW domain-binding protein 2 (WBP2), interferon induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3), and secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) were selected for further verification, and their relationships with COX-2 and clinical characteristics were analyzed.

Results
There were statistically significant differences in the expression of WBP2, IFITM3, and SFRP4 between the COX-2 low and high expression groups (P < 0.01). The expressions of COX-2, IFITM3, and SFRP4 were significantly correlated with dysmenorrhea between the two groups (P < 0.05), but not with uterine size or menstrual volume (P > 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between the expression of WBP2 and dysmenorrhea, uterine size, and menstruation volume in both the high expression and low expression groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
COX-2, IFITM3, SFRP4, and WBP2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis. COX-2, IFITM3, and SFRP4 may serve as potential molecular biomarkers or therapeutic targets in dysmenorrhea in patients with early adenomyosis.
Research on the Applications of High-impact Teaching Practice in Management Course
Authors: Qiu Yingying , Lu Wenjun , Yen Tsaifa (TF) 
Published: January 2024

Higher education plays an important role in the cultivation of talents in our country, which requires colleges and universities to continuously explore the effect of education and teaching. High-impact teaching has changed the former “Teacher-centered” teaching model to “Student-centered”. Through pre-class, in-class, after-class teaching arrangements, teachers help students become independent learners by individual and group learning. This paper explores the high-impact teaching model in the context of management from three aspects: learning goal, learning guarantees and learning evaluation, it is a useful exploration for the teaching reform of Management Course in colleges and universities under the new situation.
Tail‐dependence in stock‐return pairs
Authors: Fortin Ines , Kuzmics Christoph 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe empirical joint distribution of return pairs on stock indices displays high tail‐dependence in the lower tail and low tail‐dependence in the upper tail. The presence of tail‐dependence is not compatible with the assumption of (conditional) joint normality. The presence of asymmetric tail‐dependence is not compatible with the assumption of a joint student‐t distribution. A general test for one dependence structure versus another via the profile likelihood is described and employed in a bivariate GARCH model, where the joint distribution of the disturbances is split into its marginals and its copula. The copula used in the paper is such that it allows for the existence of lower tail‐dependence and for asymmetric tail‐dependence, and is such that it encompasses the normal or t‐copula, depending on the benchmark tested. The model is estimated using bivariate data on a set of European stock indices. We find that the assumption of normal or student‐t dependence is easily rejected in favour of an asymmetrically tail‐dependent distribution. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linking global circulation model synoptics and precipitation for western North America
Authors: Lapp Suzan , Byrne James , Kienzle Stefan , Townshend Ivan 
Published: December 2002

AbstractSynoptic downscaling from global circulation models (GCMs) has been widely used to develop local and regional‐scale future precipitation scenarios under global warming. This paper presents an analysis of the linkages between the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis first version of the Canadian Global Coupled Model (CCCma CGCM1) 2000 model output and local/regional precipitation time series. The GCM 500 hPa geopotential heights were visually classified for synoptic patterns using a geographical information system. The pattern frequencies were statistically compared with historical data from Changnon et al. (1993. Monthly Weather Review 121: 633–647) for the winter period 1961–85. The CGCM1 synoptic frequencies compare favourably with the historical data, and they represent a substantial improvement over the 1992 Canadian Climate Centre Global Circulation Model synoptic climatology output. The CGCM1 output was used to forecast future winter precipitation scenarios for five geographically diverse climate stations in western North America. Copyright © 2002 Royal Meteorological Society.
Validation and results of a scale model of dew deposition in urban environments
Authors: Richards K. , Oke T. R. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThere is growing interest in urban dew and its significance in questions of urban climate and air pollution deposition, but little research has been undertaken to study it. In this study, a generic, urban residential neighbourhood is modelled out‐of‐doors at a scale of 0.125, using three wooden houses (1.08 m tall), a concrete pavement (1.0 m in width), a grassed park (7.5 m in half‐width) and several small trees (up to 1.5 m tall). The thermal inertia of each house is inflated, according to the internal thermal mass (ITM) approach, so that nocturnal surface temperatures are conserved. First‐order validation was achieved through comparison with data collected at nearby full‐scale sites in Vancouver, BC, Canada. Moisture accumulation (measured by blotting on grass and by lysimetry) is found to be primarily controlled by nocturnal weather conditions and the intrinsic nature of each substrate, e.g. dewfall is abundant on nights with few clouds and light winds, and on surfaces such as grass and asphalt–shingle roofs, which cool rapidly after sunset. However, these responses are modified by location effects related to the net radiation balance of the surface, which itself is strongly linked to site geometry as expressed by sky view factor and whether surfaces are isolated from heat sources. The dominant mechanism is argued to be the systematic increase in longwave radiation loss that is associated with increased sky view. Results agree with those observed at the full scale and suggest that maps of sky view factor, and knowledge of dew at an open site, can potentially be used to create maps of dew distribution in urban and other complex environments. Copyright © 2002 Royal Meteorological Society.
Spatio‐temporal effects of El Niño events on rainfall and maize yield in Kenya
Authors: Amissah‐Arthur Abigail , Jagtap Shrikant , Rosenzweig Cynthia 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe ability to predict rainfall variability a season in advance could have a major impact on the fragile Kenyan economy. The ability to benefit from climate prediction arises from the intersection of human vulnerability, climate predictability, and decision capacity. Africa may be a prime potential benefactor of seasonal climate forecasting. With this in mind, the link between El Niño‐related variability in rainfall at annual and seasonal scales and national‐level maize yield in Kenya was explored. The spatial and seasonal variations in El Niño influence on rainfall are highly inconclusive in Kenya except for some highland high rainfall sites and seasons. Significant event‐to‐event variability was observed, however, during the October–January (OJ) crop growing season during El Niño events. Increases in the OJ seasonal rainfall during El Niño events were reflected in the annual rainfall. While the mean change in rainfall between El Niño and neutral was positive during OJ season and annually, however, the change was negative during the March–June (MJ) season. El Niño effects were greater on rainfall in the second growing season (OJ) for the 1982–83 and 1997–98 El Niño compared with the 1986–87, 1987–88, 1991–92 events. Sites on the highland ecoregion recorded a significant increase in rainfall during El Niño events compared with neutral years. However, the 1987–88 El Niño had a significant effect on the MJ growing season rainfall with consequent positive influence on national maize yield. Furthermore, ‘super El Niños’ may give rise to larger rainfall responses than normal El Niños at some sites; the magnitude varies from site to site and the effect is not obvious at some sites. The results lead to the conclusion that all El Niños are not equal in terms of their regional manifestation. All this clearly indicates the need to address critical user needs of climate information in order to produce information that is useful. Copyright © 2002 Royal Meteorological Society.
Behavioral genetic approaches to visual system development and function in zebrafish
Authors: Neuhauss Stephan C.F. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe zebrafish is a recent vertebrate model system that shows great potential for a genetic analysis of behavior. Early development is extraordinarily rapid, so that larvae already display a range of behaviors 5 days after fertilization. In particular the visual system develops precociously, supporting a number of visually mediated behaviors in the larva. This provides the opportunity to use these visually mediated behaviors to screen chemically mutagenized strains for defects in vision. Larval optokinetic and optomotor responses have already been successfully employed to screen for mutant strains with defects in the visual system. In the adult zebrafish a visually mediated escape response has proved useful for screening for dominant mutations of the visual system. Here, I summarize visually mediated behaviors of both larval and adult zebrafish and their applicability for genetic screens, and present, the approaches and results of visual behavior carried out to date. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 54: 148–160, 2003
Perchance to dream: Solving the mystery of sleep through genetic analysis
Authors: Shaw Paul J. , Franken Paul 
Published: December 2002

AbstractSleep has been identified in all mammals and nonmammalian vertebrates that have been critically evaluated. In addition, sleep‐like states have also been identified and described in several invertebrates. Despite this prevalence throughout the animal kingdom, the function of sleep remains a mystery. The completion of several genome sequencing projects has led to the expectation that fundamental aspects of sleep can be elucidated through genetic dissection. Indeed, studies in both the mouse and fly have begun to reveal tantalizing suggestions about the underlying principles that regulate sleep homeostasis. In this article we will review recent studies that have used genetic techniques to evaluate sleep in the fruit fly and the mouse. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 54: 179–202, 2003
Functional genomics of neural and behavioral plasticity
Authors: Hofmann Hans A. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractHow does the environment, particularly the social environment, influence brain and behavior and what are the underlying physiologic, molecular, and genetic mechanisms? Adaptations of brain and behavior to changes in the social or physical environment are common in the animal world, either as short‐term (i.e., modulatory) or as long‐term modifications (e.g., via gene expression changes) in behavioral or physiologic properties. The study of the mechanisms and constraints underlying these dynamic changes requires model systems that offer plastic phenotypes as well as a sufficient level of quantifiable behavioral complexity while being accessible at the physiological and molecular level. In this article, I explore how the new field of functional genomics can contribute to an understanding of the complex relationship between genome and environment that results in highly plastic phenotypes. This approach will lead to the discovery of genes under environmental control and provide the basis for the study of the interrelationship between an individual's gene expression profile and its social phenotype in a given environmental context. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 54: 272–282, 2003
Interaction of e. coli outer‐membrane protein A with sugars on the receptors of the brain microvascular endothelial cells
Authors: Datta Deepshikha , Vaidehi Nagarajan , Floriano Wely B. , Kim Kwang S. , Prasadarao Nemani V. , Goddard William A. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractEsherichia coli, the most common gram‐negative bacteria, can penetrate the brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) during the neonatal period to cause meningitis with significant morbidity and mortality. Experimental studies have shown that outer‐membrane protein A (OmpA) of E. coli plays a key role in the initial steps of the invasion process by binding to specific sugar moieties present on the glycoproteins of BMEC. These experiments also show that polymers of chitobiose (GlcNAcβ1‐4GlcNAc) block the invasion, while epitopes substituted with the L‐fucosyl group do not. We used HierDock computational technique that consists of a hierarchy of coarse grain docking method with molecular dynamics (MD) to predict the binding sites and energies of interactions of GlcNAcβ1‐4GlcNAc and other sugars with OmpA. The results suggest two important binding sites for the interaction of carbohydrate epitopes of BMEC glycoproteins to OmpA. We identify one site as the binding pocket for chitobiose (GlcNAcβ1‐4GlcNAc) in OmpA, while the second region (including loops 1 and 2) may be important for recognition of specific sugars. We find that the site involving loops 1 and 2 has relative binding energies that correlate well with experimental observations. This theoretical study elucidates the interaction sites of chitobiose with OmpA and the binding site predictions made in this article are testable either by mutation studies or invasion assays. These results can be further extended in suggesting possible peptide antagonists and drug design for therapeutic strategies. Proteins 2003;50:213–221. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distal heme pocket regulation of ligand binding and stability in soybean leghemoglobin
Authors: Kundu Suman , Hargrove Mark S. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractLeghemoglobins facilitate diffusion of oxygen through root tissue to a bacterial terminal oxidase in much the same way that myoglobin transports oxygen from blood to muscle cell mitochondria. Leghemoglobin serves an additional role as an oxygen scavenger to prevent inhibition of nitrogen fixation. For this purpose, the oxygen affinity of soybean leghemoglobin is 20‐fold greater than myoglobin, resulting from an 8‐fold faster association rate constant combined with a 3‐fold slower dissociation rate constant. Although the biochemical mechanism used by myoglobin to bind oxygen has been described in elegant detail, an explanation for the difference in affinity between these two structurally similar proteins is not obvious. The present work demonstrates that, despite their similar structures, leghemoglobin uses methods different from myoglobin to regulate ligand affinity. Oxygen and carbon monoxide binding to a comprehensive set of leghemoglobin distal heme pocket mutant proteins in comparison to their myoglobin counterparts has revealed some of these mechanisms. The “distal histidine” provides a crucial hydrogen bond to stabilize oxygen in myoglobin but has little effect on bound oxygen in leghemoglobin and is retained mainly for reasons of protein stability and prevention of heme loss. Furthermore, soybean leghemoglobin uses an unusual combination of HisE7 and TyrB10 to sustain a weak stabilizing interaction with bound oxygen. Thus, the leghemoglobin distal heme pocket provides a much lower barrier to oxygen association than occurs in myoglobin and oxygen dissociation is regulated from the proximal heme pocket. Proteins 2003;50:239–248. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structure of human aldose reductase holoenzyme in complex with Statil: An approach to structure‐based inhibitor design of the enzyme
Authors: El‐Kabbani Ossama , Ramsland Paul , Darmanin Connie , Chung Roland P.‐T. , Podjarny Alberto 
Published: December 2002

AbstractAldose reductase, a monomeric NADPH‐dependent oxidoreductase, catalyzes the reduction of a wide variety of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols. The X‐ray structure of human aldose reductase holoenzyme in complex with statil was determined at a resolution of 2.1 Å. The carboxylate group of statil interacted with the conserved anion binding site located between the nicotinamide ring of the coenzyme and active site residues Tyr48, His110, and Trp111. Statil's hydrophobic phthalazinyl ring was bound in an adjacent pocket lined by residues Trp20, Phe122, and Trp219, with the bromo‐fluorobenzyl group penetrating the “specificity” pocket. The interactions between the inhibitor's bromo‐fluorobenzyl group and the enzyme include the stacking against the side‐chain of Trp111 as well as hydrogen bonding to residues Leu300 and Thr113. Based on the model of the ternary complex, the program GRID was used in an attempt to design novel potential inhibitors of human aldose reductase with enhanced binding energies of the complex. Molecular modeling calculations suggested that the replacement of the fluorine atom of statil with a carboxylate functional group may enhance the binding energies of the complex by 33%. Proteins 2003;50:230–238. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improved up‐and‐down designs for phase I trials
Authors: Ivanova Anastasia , Montazer‐Haghighi Aliakbar , Mohanty Sri Gopal , D. Durham Stephen 
Published: December 2002

AbstractWe consider several designs from the family of up‐and‐down rules for the sequential allocation of dose levels to subjects in a dose–response study. We show that an up‐and‐down design can be improved by using more information than the most recent response. For example, the k‐in‐a‐row rule uses up to the k most recent responses. We introduce a new design, the Narayana rule, which uses a local estimate of the probability of toxicity calculated from all previous responses. For the Narayana rule, as the sample size gets large, the probability of assignment goes to zero for dose levels not among the two (or three) closest to the target. Different estimators of the target dose are compared. We find that the isotonic regression estimator is superior to other estimators for small to moderate sample sizes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bilingual legal document retrieval and management using XML
Authors: Luk R. W. P. , T'sou B. K. Y. , Lai T. B. Y. , Kwong O. O. Y. , Chik F. C. Y. , Cheung L. Y. L. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractIn certain bilingual and multi‐lingual societies, translated legal documents are as important as the original legal documents because they have the same legal status as the originals. However, there is little reported work on the retrieval and management of bilingual legal documents. We describe the design and development of a bilingual document retrieval and management prototype, called ELDoS, which is used by court interpreters and judges from the Hong Kong Judiciary. Since the speed of retrieval is a major concern for user acceptance, and therefore for widespread deployment of the system, the architecture of the prototype is designed to balance the workload of the client and server. Extensible Markup Language (XML) is used to mark up the bilingual legal documents for a variety of document retrieval and management tasks. XML enables the use of XML Stylesheet Language Transformation (XSLT) to align bilingual data in the client, instead of the server, and improve alignment speed linearly with respect to the size of the document, using a high‐end PC, when the server has no concurrent access. The design of the interface was continually improved after extensive consultation with court interpreters and after the user acceptance tests. In our evaluation, the facilities for highlighting translated terms have a macro‐averaged precision of 90+% and a macro‐average recall of 80+%, which were considered acceptable by our users. We believe that the experience in the design and development of this prototype is applicable to other language pairs as well as to other domains. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.