bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated rapid artefact surface area measurement from imagery with computer vision
Authors: Weatherbee Wesley James , Fowler Jonathan , Van Proosdij Danika 
Published: January 2024

Automated surface area measurements have been of interest to archaeologists since digital imagery began allowing researchers to remotely collect artefact metrics. We present a method of automatically measuring 2D surface area from artefact planform images employing computer vision in Python. The Python script, provided as a .py file in supplementary data, creates boundaries around regions of relatively homogeneous pixels (artefacts) in the image. These bounded regions are called contours. A count of the number of pixels within each contour provides a surface area in pixels. A circular reference object provides a conversion factor for the contours, as well as a point of reference for geometric accuracy of outputs.
Measurements of 2D artefact surface area can be used in combination with measurements of length, width, thickness, and mass, or in some cases, replace such measurements. As presented, this technique provides utility to archaeology with applications to new documentation of artefacts, archived artefact images containing a scale, as well as landscape geoarchaeology and sedimentary contexts. Limitations of this type of surface area measurement include the requirement of the image background being of a solid colour heavily contrasting the artefacts being measured. Effectively, the background requirement limits deployment supporting collection of rapid field measurements from in-situ surface scatters without modification to the script or manipulation of the artefacts. Analytical applications utilizing this technique include studies of relative artefact abundance, shape and size class characterizations in artefact scatters, and redistribution of artefacts by geomorphological processes.
Registro de patentes en nanomedicina en México: algunas limitaciones
Authors: Vidal Correa Laura Elena 
Published: January 2024

La hipótesis es que la regulación en nanomedicina es indispensable. Para el caso de las patentes, en esta área de investigación no es suficiente argumentar la falta de conocimiento o la relativa novedad de la disciplina, ya que en sí misma es un elemento necesario para patentar. En realidad, muchas patentes se duplican, o establecer un límite entre una y otra es muy complicado, en particular en el área de la nanomedicina. Algunos de los obstáculos que impiden conocer a detalle las limitaciones, clasificación y detalles de las patentes son 1) la terminología, 2) la multiplicidad de solicitudes, 3) el amplio espectro de protección y 4) la misma naturaleza interdisciplinaria de la nanomedicina. Por lo tanto, se requiere de una legislación que establezca un vocabulario específico al área de la nanomedicina que ayude a definir los límites de cada patente y evite la duplicidad.
Comparison of posttreatment stability after total mandibular arch distalization with mini-implants and mandibular setback surgery
Authors: Kook Yoon-Ah , Choi Tae-Hyun , Park Jae Hyun , Kim So-Hyun , Lee Nam-Ki 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To compare posttreatment stability in skeletal Class III patients between those treated by total mandibular arch distalization (TMAD) with buccal mini-implants and those by mandibular setback surgery (MSS).

Materials and Methods
The samples included 40 Class III adults, 20 treated by TMAD using buccal interradicular mini-implants and 20 treated with MSS. Lateral cephalograms were taken at pretreatment, posttreatment, and at least 1-year follow-up, and 24 variables were compared using statistical analysis.

Results
Mandibular first molars moved distally 1.9 mm with intrusion of 1.1 mm after treatment in the TMAD group. The mandibular incisors moved distally by 2.3 mm. The MSS group exhibited a significant skeletal change of the mandible, whereas the TMAD group did not. During retention, there were no skeletal or dental changes other than 0.6 mm labial movement of the mandibular incisors (P &lt; .05) in the MSS group. There was 1.4° of mesial tipping (P &lt; .01) and 0.4 mm of mesial movement of the mandibular molars and 1.9° of labial tipping (P &lt; .001) and 0.8 mm of mesial movement of the mandibular incisors in the TMAD group. These dental changes were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions
The TMAD group showed a slightly decreased overjet with labial tipping of the mandibular incisors and mesial tipping of the first molars during retention. Posttreatment stability of the mandibular dentition was not significantly different between the groups. It can be useful to plan camouflage treatment by TMAD with mini-implants in mild-to-moderate Class III patients.
Surface Degradation of Ion-releasing Restorative Materials With Cariogenic Challenge
Authors: Ibrahim H , Aziz A Abdul , Yahya NA , Yap AU 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
This study examined the influence of cariogenic environments on the surface roughness of ion-releasing restorative materials (IRMs). Custom-made stainless steel molds with holes of 5 mm × 2mm were used to fabricate 60 disc-shaped specimens of each of the following materials: Activa Bioactive (AV), Beautifil Bulk Restorative (BB), Cention N (Bulk-fill) (CN), and Filtek Z350XT (FZ) (Control). Baseline surface roughness (Ra) measurements were obtained using an optical 3D measurement machine (Alicona Imaging GmbH, Graz, Austria). The specimens were then randomly divided into five subgroups (n=12) and exposed to 10 ml of the following mediums at 37°C: distilled water (DW), demineralization solution (DM), remineralization solution (RM), pH cycling (PC) and air (AR) (control). Ra measurements were again recorded after one week and one month, followed by statistical evaluations with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine interactions between materials and mediums. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Games Howell tests were performed for intergroup comparisons at a significance level of 0.05. Mean Ra values ranged from 0.085 ± 0.004 (µm) to 0.198 ± 0.001 µm for the various material-medium combinations. All IRMs showed significant differences in Ra values after exposure to the aqueous mediums. The smoothest surfaces were observed in the AR for all materials. When comparing materials, AV presented the roughest surfaces for all mediums. All IRM materials showed increased surface roughness over time in all cariogenic environments but were below the threshold value for bacterial adhesion, except for AV 1-month post immersion with pH cycling. Therefore, besides AV, the surface roughness of IRMs did not deteriorate to an extent that it is clinically relevant.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF HIGHLAND HORTICULTURAL FARMERS' COMPLIANCE IN PESTICIDE APPLICATION AND THE PRESENCE OF PESTS AND DISEASES
Authors: Yunanda Yunanda Audri Balqis , SHK Suparman , Irsan Chandra 
Published: January 2024

Currently, many farmers are still very unfamiliar with using pesticides correctly and appropriately which lead environment pollution, population reduction of natural enemies and people health. The aims of this research were to determine the impact or influence of farmers obedience in applicating pesticide on the incidence of pests and diseases on highland horticultural cultivation, the presence of natural enemies, and level of pesticide residues in their horticultural products. This research was conducted in highland horticultural cultivation areas in Pagar Alam, South Sumatra. Data on farmers obedience in applicating pesticide was collected by interviewing eligible farmers by using questionnaires. Data on pests and disease incidence was collected by direct observation on the interviewed farmer's horticultural field. The variable measured were pest population and the in-tensity of damage of each pest, incidence and intensity of each disease and natural enemy type and population. The relationship between the level of farmer obedience in applicating pesticide and incidence of pests and dis-ease on their respected lands was determined by calculating their correlation coefficient. The results showed that there were significant correlations between the level of farmers obedience in applicating pesticide and the incidence as well as intensity of pests and diseases of highland horticultural crops.
Generalized Polynomials on Semigroups
Authors: Ebanks Bruce 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article has two main parts. In the first part we show that some of the basic theory of generalized polynomials on commutative semi-groups can be extended to all semigroups. In the second part we show that if a sub-semigroup S of a group G generates G in the sense that G = S · S
−1, then a generalized polynomial on S with values in an Abelian group H can be extended to a generalized polynomial on G into H. Finally there is a short discussion of the extendability of exponential functions and generalized exponential polynomials.
Application of the Obstacle Vector Field Method for Trajectory Planning of a Planar Manipulator in Simulated Microgravity
Authors: Rybus Tomasz , Aleksiejuk Konrad , Basmadji Fatina Liliana , Sikorski Adam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Capture and removal of large space debris is needed to prevent the growth of the debris population in low Earth orbit. Capture of a non-cooperative object by a manipulator mounted on a chaser satellite requires collision-free trajectory of the manipulator. The obstacle vector field (OVF) method allows to solve the trajectory planning problem in difficult scenarios. The OVF method is based on a vector field that surrounds the obstacles and generates virtual forces that drive the manipulator around the obstacles. The original formulation of the OVF method allows to obtain the desired position of the gripper, but not the desired orientation. To perform the grasping manoeuvre, the gripper has to be positioned in a specific point and aligned with the grasping interface. In this paper, we propose a modification to the OVF method that allows to obtain the desired position and orientation of the gripper. Moreover, we investigate the practical applicability of the OVF method. The OVF method is demonstrated in experiments performed on a planar air-bearing microgravity simulator. The presented results prove that the OVF method can be applied for a real system operating in simulated microgravity conditions.
Sensitivity Analysis of the DEM Model Numerical Parameters on the Value of the Angle of Repose of Lunar Regolith Analogs
Authors: Młynarczyk Przemysław , Kolusz Adam , Gallina Alberto 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The discrete element method (DEM) is a numerical technique used in many areas of modern science to describe the behavior of bulk materials. Terramechanics of planetary soil analogs for in situ resource utilization activities is a research field where the use of DEM appears to be beneficial. Indeed, the close-to-physics modeling approach of DEM allows the researcher to gain much insight into the mechanical behavior of the regolith when it interacts with external devices in conditions that are hard to test experimentally. Nevertheless, DEM models are very difficult to calibrate due to their high complexity. In this paper, we study the influence of fundamental model parameters on specific simulation outcomes. We provide qualitative and quantitative assessments of the influence of DEM model parameters on the simulated repose angle and computational time. These results help to understand the behavior of the numerical model and are useful in the model calibration process.
Magnetic Separation of Lunar Regolith as its Beneficiation for Construction Effort on the Moon
Authors: Kobaka Janusz , Katzer Jacek , Seweryn Karol 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A concept of magnetic separation of regolith for production of lunar aggregate is presented in the paper. Future construction effort on the Moon will require significant amounts of concrete-like composites. The authors formulate a hypothesis that magnetic separation of regolith would be a very efficient beneficiation procedure solving multiple civil engineering problems associated with properties of raw lunar soil. For the research program, 10 lunar soil simulants were used. The magnetic separation was feasible in majority of cases. Acquired lunar aggregate would be useful for both concrete-like composite production and covering the surface of a habitat. The aims of future research are pointed out in the paper.
Türkiye'nin Kredi Temerrüt Takası Primlerinin Merkez Bankası Başkanı Değişimlerine Tepkisi: Bir Olay Çalışması
Authors: SARIGÜL Haşmet 
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, Haziran 2017 – Ağustos 2023 döneminde gerçekleşen TCMB başkanı değişimleri ile Türkiye’nin kredi temerrüt takası (credit default swap – CDS) primleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Ülke CDS’lerinde anormal prim değişimi ortaya çıkıp çıkmadığını analiz etmek için olay çalışması yöntemine başvurulmuştur. Olay öncesi ve sonrası dönemler arasındaki anormal prim farkları; normal dağılım gösteren serilerde bağımsız örneklem t–testi ve normal dağılıma uymayan serilerde Mann–Whitney U yöntemleri ile belirlenmiştir. Bulgular ilk üç merkez bankası değişiminde olay öncesi ve sonrası dönemler arasında anormal prim açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki olmadığını ortaya koymuştur. Dördüncü başkan değişiminde ise olay öncesi ve sonrası on günlük dönemler arasında anormal primde azalış yönünde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu belirlenmiştir. Oynaklığın belirlenmesinde ise genelleştirilmiş otoregresif koşullu değişen varyans (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity – GARCH) yaklaşımına başvurulmuştur. Olay sonrası ve öncesi dönemler arasındaki oynaklık farklılıklarının tespit edilebilmesi amacıyla modellere kukla değişkenler eklenmiştir. GARCH (p,q)
modellerinden elde edilen bulgular ikinci ve üçüncü merkez bankası başkanı değişimlerinde 10, 20 ve 30 günlük olay sonrası dönemlerin tamamında oynaklıkta artış olduğunu göstermektedir. Birinci ve dördüncü merkez bankası değişimlerinden sonraki her üç dönemde de oynaklık azalmıştır.
Superficial Roughness and Micro Hardness of Nanoparticular Composite Resin Affect by Whitening Dentifrices Contain Optical Agent
Authors: Khalil Ibrahim Nibras 
Published: January 2024

Background: Because of their aesthetic appeal, whitening toothpastes are now a common habit, especially among young adults. The effects of brushing with those novel dentifrices on the wear characteristics of resin composites are unknown. Materials and Methods Sixty prepared samples of composite resin fabricate in plastic matrix and stored in distilled water for 24h. For surface roughness measurements, using Stylus profilometer and this considered initial roughness value. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups. Group A use distal water (Control Group), group B Oral B 3D White Perfection toothpaste, group C Colgate Luminous White Brilliant. After this, the electric toothbrush was used to brush the specimens in the three groups investigated for 2 minutes twice a day for 30 consecutive days, Surface roughness measurements using also stylus profilometer and micro hardness test this considered final values. Result: In Experiment there was greater diffrenss in GB and G C in relation to GA, with no differences among them. Conclusion: whitening dentifrices containing Blue covarine (optical agent) have an influential effect on surface characteristics (Superficial roughness and micro hardness) of nanoparticular composite resin.
Effectiveness of Formative Assessment As Learning Tool in Quantitative Analytical Chemistry Remote Learning
Authors: Miroy Greta Josephine , Paderna Edwehna Elinore , San Jose Catherine Angeli 
Published: January 2024

The effectiveness of learning tools in remote learning mode during the COVID-19 pandemic was investigated in The Quantitative Analytical Chemistry Course in University of the Philippines-Diliman. The effectiveness of formative assessments with feedback was determined by comparing studentsâ€™ performance in the pretest and posttest assessments. Dependent sample t-test analysis of over-all performance of student showed that as a cohort, there was a statistically significant improvement in the posttest ( M = 8.44, SD = 1.63) performance compared to pretest (M = 5.46, SD = 2.19), t(49) = 9.926, p < 0.001). The dependent t-test analysis indicate that there was a statistically significant improvement in nine topics while there was no statistically significant improvement in two topics. Results of the study indicate that in three of the topics with Problem Solving/Analyze/Evaluate type of questions, less than 55% of the students were able to fully answer the problem in the posttest. The findings indicate that for multistep problem solving and evaluate type of questions, additional learning strategies are needed for majority of students to be fully competent on the topics. This study also aimed to assess effectiveness of commercially available online learning platforms as learning tool. The data indicate that only 50% (28 out of 54 students) of the students accessed at least once the online learning platform during the duration of the course.
Pengembangan LKPD berbasis Masalah Kontekstual Untuk Meningkatkan Kemandirian Peserta didik, Bawean
Authors: Farhana Noor Shabiha , Zawawi Irwani , Suryanti Sri 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar berupa LKPD berbasis masalah kontekstual pada mata pelajaran matematika materi perbandingan kelas VII SMP/MTs.sederajat untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar peserta didik yang memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian research and development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang ADDIE terdiri dari 5 tahapan yakni Analisis (Analysis), Desain (Design), Pengembangan (Development), Penerapan (Implementation), Evaluasi (Evaluation). Intrumen kevalidan berupa angket validasi dari ahli materi dan ahli media dengan memperoleh nilai persentase 89,41%. Instrumen kepraktisan berupa angket respon peserta didik dengan memperoleh nilai persentase 81,35%.. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 20 peserta didik MTs. Penaber, Bawean dengan mengisi angket kemandirian dan mengerjakan pretest, kemudian dilakukan pembelajaran menggunakan LKPD dan diberikan posttest, angket kemandirian setelah pembelajaran, angket respon, dan dilakukan wawancara kepada peserta didik sebagai media evaluasi pengembangan LKPD ini. Instrumen keefektifan berupa dilakukannya pretest dan posttest dengan memperoleh nilai 0,704 yang termasuk kategori tinggi serta angket kemandirian sebelum dan sesudah dilakukannya pembelajaran dengan memperoleh nilai sebesar 0,38 yang termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut LKPD yang dikembangkan dapat dikatakan valid dan dapat digunakan dalam pembeelajaran di kelas VII SMP/MTs. Sederajat.Kata kunci : LKPD berbasis kontekstual, LKPD perbandingan, ADDIE
Caracterización microestructural y propiedades mecánicas de aleaciones de alta entropía MnNiCuAl
Authors: Saucedo-Muñoz Maribel Leticia , Miranda-López Valeria , Flores-López Omar Ali , Fabian-Flores Romualdo , López-Hirata Víctor Manuel 
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se realizó la fabricación de una aleación de alta entropía, aleación multicomponente de cuatro elementos con igual fracción molar en su composición, MnNiCuAl. El cálculo de parámetros característicos, tales como la entalpía, diferencia de tamaño atómico, y Ω, confirmaron que la aleación MnNiCuAl es una aleación de alta entropía con 2 fases, una bcc y otra fcc. La aleación MnNiCuAl se fabricó experimentalmente por fusión de los elementos puros en un horno de arco eléctrico y se caracterizó por difracción de rayos X, microscopía óptica, microscopía electrónica de barrido y dureza Vickers. La microestructura de la aleación reveló la presencia de dos fases, una dendrítica y una interdendrítica, que se confirmaron con los resultados por difracción de rayos X como se predijo con el programa de simulación numérica Thermo-Calc. La dureza de la aleación fabricada fue 359 VHN.
Morbus Hansen Tipe Multibasiler dengan Penyulit Penyakit Ginjal Kronis dan Gagal Jantung Kongestif
Authors: Luh Gde Sri Adnyani Suari  
Published: January 2024

Pendahuluan: Morbus Hansen (kusta/lepra) merupakan penyakit infeksi kronik yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium leprae. Bakteri ini menyerang kulit dan nervus perifer. Manifestasi klinis bervariasi dan ditentukan oleh reaksi sistem imunologis pejamu terhadap basil tahan asam M.leprae. Manifestasi klinis yang ditimbulkan dapat berupa lesi hipopigmentasi atau eritem yang mati rasa disertai dengan kerusakan saraf (sensorik, motorik, dan otonom), dan dalam beberapa kasus dapat melibatkan gangguan sistemik.
Kasus: seorang laki-laki (32 tahun) merupakan pasien rujukan datang dengan keluhan sesak. Berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan penunjang didiagnosis sebagai Morbus Hansen tipe multibasiler dengan penyulit Acute on Chronic Kidney Disease dan gagal jantung kongestif. Terdapat lesi makula-patch eritematosa dan hiperpigmentasi berbentuk nodul-plakat yang tersebar simetris pada kedua sisi, dan jumlah lesi lebih dari 5. Pada pasien terdapat hipoanestesi. Pemeriksaan BTA lesi kulit dari sampel cuping telinga dengan hasil 3+ pada cuping telinga kanan dan 4+ pada cuping telinga kiri. Pemberian MDT pada pasien ditunda.
Simpulan: Pasien kusta dengan penyulit penyakit ginjal kronis dan gagal jantung kongestif memerlukan penanganan khusus terkait gejala sistemik serta membutuhkan pertimbangan khusus dalam pemberian MDT.
Kata kunci: Morbus Hansen, multibasiler, penyakit ginjal kronis, gagal jantung kongestif
HUBUNGAN ANTARA GAMBARAN SITOLOGI MENGGUNAKAN METODE FNAB DENGAN RESPONS TERAPI PADA PASIEN LIMFADENITIS TUBERKULOSIS DI PULAU LOMBOK
Authors: Tri Riskinie Istiharah  , Fathul Djannah  , Indana Eva Ajmala  
Published: January 2024

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis merupakan salah satu penyakit global dengan tingkat mortalitas dan morbiditas yang tinggi, dan paling banyak dijumpai pada wilayah Asia Tenggara. Indonesia menjadi negara dengan peringkat ketiga dengan kasus Tuberkulosis terbanyak di dunia. Limfadenitis Tuberkulosis adalah salah satu bentuk tersering dari infeksi Tuberkulosis ekstraparu. Salah satu gejala tersering yang ditemukan adalah pembesaran ukuran nodul kelenjar limfa dan penurunan berat badan.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi analitik prospektif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel berupa purposive sampling, dengan jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 51 pasien. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dari beberapa puskesmas yang tersebar di lima kabupaten/ kota di Pulau Lombok pada tahun 2021. Analisis data menggunakan uji hipotesis korelatif koefisien kontingensi melalui SPSS 28,0.
Hasil: Dari 51 subjek, ditemukan 30 di antaranya memiliki gambaran sitologi Well-organized Granuloma dan 21 lainnya memiliki gambaran sitologi Poorly-organized granuloma. Nilai P value antara gambaran sitologi dengan berat badan setelah terapi adalah 0.263 dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0.223. Nilai P value antara gambaran sitologi dengan ukuran nodul setelah terapi adalah 0.054 dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0.928
Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gambaran sitologi menggunakan metode FNAB dengan respons terapi pada pasien limfadenitis tuberkulosis di pulau Lombok.
Kata Kunci: Limfadenitis Tuberkulosis, FNAB, Gambaran Sitologi, Respons Terapi, dan Lombok