bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grundwasserbeeinflussung durch ein Bauwerk
Authors: Kowalów Mariusz 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAlte und historische Bauwerke sind oft auf Holzpfählen gegründet. Wenn in Bereichen, in denen sich historische, auf Holzpfählen gegründete Bauwerke befinden, eine Absenkung des Grundwasserstandes auftritt, kommt es häufig zu Schäden. Das hier vorgestellte Projekt befindet sich in zentraler Lage der historischen Stadt Landshut. Es wurde hier ein Einkaufszentrum geplant. Um das Projekt auszuführen, ist eine ca. 8 m tiefe Einbindung in den Grundwasserleiter erforderlich. Wegen der geringen Entfernung zu historischen Gebäuden wurde von den örtlichen Behörden ein Nachweis der Aquiferbeeinflussung durch die Maßnahme verlangt.Zur Beurteilung der wasserwirtschaftlichen Belange wurden hydrogeologische Untersuchungen und Auswertungen durchgeführt sowie ein mathematisches Rechenmodell erstellt. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen von Prognoseberechnungen wurden unterschiedliche Eingriffsreduzierungsmaßnahmen untersucht. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse der Modellberechnungen, die Wahl einer optimalen technischen Lösung und die Meßergebnisse nach Einstellung der Wasserhaltung.
Analytic methods for obstruction to integrability in discrete dynamical systems
Authors: Costin O. , Kruskal M. D. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA unique analytic continuation result is proven for solutions of a relatively general class of difference equations by using techniques of generalized Borel summability.This continuation allows for Painlevé property methods to be extended to difference equations.It is shown that the Painlevé property (PP) induces, under relatively general assumptions, a dichotomy within first‐order difference equations: all equations with PP can be solved in closed form; on the contrary, absence of PP implies, under some further assumptions, that the local conserved quantities are strictly local in the sense that they develop singularity barriers on the boundary of some compact set.The technique produces analytic formulas to describe fractal sets originating in polynomial iterations. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extraction of Kinetic Information from Single‐Molecule Experiments
Authors: Vlad Marcel O. , Ross John 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe discuss two possible approaches for extracting kinetic information from single‐molecule experiments. The first approach is based on computing correlation functions from measured fluorescence signals, and the second on studying the statistics of on and off times of the same fluorescence signal. We show that in both cases it is possible to extract kinetic information about the nature of intramolecular fluctuations of the single molecule. We show that for single‐molecule kinetics the intramolecular fluctuations produce stochastic memory effects which lead to new dynamic features that do not exist in traditional chemical kinetics. In particular, we investigate a new type of chemical oscillations in correlation functions observed experimentally by Edman and Rigler (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2000, 97, 8266).
Is drive for thinness in anorectic patients associated with personality characteristics?
Authors: Vervaet M. , van Heeringen C. , Audenaert K. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectiveThe objective was to compare clinical and personality features in anorectic patients (AN) with a high and low drive for thinness (DT).MethodThe samples comprised 244 AN in‐ and outpatients at the Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology (University of Gent) in Belgium. Subjects were assessed on clinical and psychometric parameters.Results27 per cent (N = 62) of the subjects had low DT as measured by the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) of whom 48 were restricting anorectic patients (ANR). This atypical anorectic group appeared to have less severe psychopathology with a lower harm avoidance and higher self‐directedness as subscales of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI).DiscussionWeight concerns is an important diagnostic criterion, but may have other motivations than a culture‐bound drive for thinness. This differentiation may have therapeutic consequences. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Association of anger with bulimic and other impulsive behaviours among non‐clinical women and men
Authors: Peñas‐Lledó Eva , Fernández Juan de Dios , Waller Glenn 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectivesThe literature on links between anger and bulimic behaviours has focused largely on clinical populations of female patients. This study of a non‐clinical group explores whether the relationship between anger and bulimia is specific to binge‐eating (rather than other eating or impulsive behaviours) and whether the links are gender‐specific.MethodsA non‐clinical population of 72 women and 49 men completed Spanish translations of self‐report measures on anger, bulimia and impulsivity. Non‐parametric correlations (Spearman's rho) were used.ResultsWomen with higher levels of trait anger were more likely to engage in binge‐eating, and fasted less. In contrast, men who experienced higher levels of anger used more impulsive behaviours (such as substance abuse and self‐harm). External expression of anger was related to binge‐eating regardless of gender, but was associated with different facets of impulsivity for males and females.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that different behaviours are associated with anger among males and females. Further research and potential implications for preventative programmes are discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Efforts in collaboration and coordination of HIV/AIDS monitoring and evaluation: Contributions and lessons of two U.S. government agencies in a global partnership
Authors: Rugg Deborah , Novak John , Peersman Greet , Heckert Karen A. , Spencer Jack , Marconi Katherine 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn building on each agency's strengths, we must identify incentives and opportunities for collaboration, with the fundamental consensus that working together in a harmonized manner is better than going it alone.
Monitoring and evaluating the national program to prevent mother‐to‐child HIV transmission in Thailand
Authors: Kanshana Siripon , Naiwatanakul Thananda , Simonds R. J. , Amornwichet Pornsinee , Teeraratkul Achara , Culnane Mary , Chantharojwong Nartlada , Limpakarnjanarat Khanchit 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn the first three years of Thailand's program, 99 percent of its public hospitals participated in the national monitoring system. Data are used to adjust national or local policies, and practices can be adjusted to improve the program.
Planning and implementing a national monitoring and evaluation system in Ghana: A participatory and decentralized approach
Authors: Anie Sylvia J. , Tettey Larbi Emmanuel 
Published: October 2004

AbstractOver 2,500 organizations have been funded to carry out HIV/AIDS interventions in Ghana. A comprehensive and well‐coordinated monitoring and evaluation system‐one that is simple, strategic, and participatory‐is needed to track the national response and its effects.
High expression of Bfl‐1 contributes to the apoptosis resistant phenotype in B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Morales Alejo A. , Olsson Anna , Celsing Fredrik , Österborg Anders , Jondal Mikael , Osorio Lyda M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn order to identify regulatory genes involved in the development of an apoptosis‐resistant phenotype in patients with chemotherapy refractory B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL) expression of apoptosis‐regulating genes in B‐CLL cells was quantified using cDNA arrays and RT‐PCR. Data were obtained from and compared between 2 groups of B‐CLL patients with either nonprogressive, indolent, previously untreated disease and with leukemic cells sensitive to in vitro fludarabine‐induced apoptosis, referred to as sensitive B‐CLL (sB‐CLL) or with progressive, chemotherapy refractory disease and with leukemic cells resistant to in vitro fludarabine‐induced apoptosis, referred to as resistant B‐CLL (rB‐CLL). By performing a supervised clustering of genes that most strongly discriminated between rB‐CLL vs. sB‐CLL a small group of genes was identified, where bfl‐1 was the strongest discriminating gene (p < 0.05), with higher expression in rB‐CLL. A group of apoptosis‐regulating genes were modulated during induction of apoptosis by serum deprivation in vitro in a similar manner in all cases studied. However, bfl‐1 was preferentially downregulated in sB‐CLL as compared to rB‐CLL (p < 0.05). We conclude that bfl‐1 may be an important regulator of B‐CLL apoptosis, which could contribute to disease progression and resistance to chemotherapy, and as such represent a future potential therapeutic target. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Histone deacetylase inhibitors upregulate plakoglobin expression in bladder carcinoma cells and display antineoplastic activity in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Canes David , Chiang George J. , Billmeyer Brian R. , Austin Christina A. , Kosakowski Monika , Rieger‐Christ Kimberly M. , Libertino John A. , Summerhayes Ian C. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractHistone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are emerging as a promising new class of anticancer agents displaying growth‐inhibitory activity and low toxicity in vivo. In this study, we examined the effect of sodium butyrate (NaB) and trichostatin A (TSA) on the growth of human bladder carcinoma cell lines in culture and TSA on the growth of EJ and UM‐UC‐3 human bladder xenografts in nude mice. NaB and TSA suppressed the growth of bladder cell lines at millimolar (1.5–4.3 mM) and micromolar (0.03–0.33 μM) concentrations, respectively, inducing concentration‐dependent cell death. Bladder carcinoma cells within the experimental panel displayed the phenotype of late‐stage bladder lesions expressing N‐cadherin in the absence of E‐cadherin accompanied by low levels of plakoglobin expression. Exposure of these cells to HDACis resulted in upregulation of plakoglobin with no change in E‐cadherin expression. A 2‐hr exposure to TSA was the minimal time required to upregulate plakoglobin in cells with downregulation to baseline levels occurring within 24 hr following drug removal. In mice bearing EJ and UM‐UC‐3 bladder xenografts, TSA (500 μg/kg/day) caused suppression of tumor growth compared with mice receiving vehicle alone. A > 70% reduction in mean final tumor volume was recorded in both bladder xenograft models with no detectable toxicity. The results suggest that TSA inhibits bladder carcinoma cell growth and may be a useful, relatively nontoxic agent for consideration in the treatment of late‐stage bladder tumors. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic polymorphism of the interferon‐γ gene in cervical carcinogenesis
Authors: Lai Hung‐Cheng , Chang Cheng‐Chang , Lin Ya‐Wen , Chen Su‐Feng , Yu Mu‐Hsien , Nieh Shin , Chu Ta‐Wei , Chu Tang‐Yuan 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBeyond human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, host genetic factors may contribute to cervical carcinogenesis. This study aims to test the hypothesis that CA‐dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the first intron of the interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) gene is associated with HPV‐initiated cervical carcinogenesis. A hospital‐based case‐control study including patients with low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs; n = 93), high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs; n = 123) and invasive carcinomas (n = 153) of the uterine cervix, as well as 1:1 age‐matched controls, was conducted. The IFN‐γ genotype was determined by PCR and capillary electrophoresis with internal standards. HPV genotype was determined by consensus PCR and reverse line blot hybridization. Genotypes containing the 12 or 14 allele (12 or 14 CA repeats) were significantly more common in patients with HSILs than in controls (46% vs. 22%; OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.7–5.2; p < 0.0001). In contrast, genotypes containing 13 and 18 were significantly more common in controls than in patients with HSILs (76% vs. 53%; OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.2–0.6; p = 0.0001) or squamous cell carcinomas (74% vs. 63%; OR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.4–1.0; p = 0.037). The frequency of the 12 and 14 genotypes increased significantly in accordance with the severity of cervical carcinogenesis (ptest for trend = 0.0002), whereas the 13 and 18 genotypes showed the opposite trend (ptest for trend = 0.007). Comparing IFN‐γ genotype and HPV status, 18‐containing genotypes were more frequently found in HPV+ LSILs, and 12‐containing genotypes were less frequently found in HPV+ HSILs. Compared with non‐13 genotypes, 13 genotype HSILs were more frequently infected with HPV58 (70% vs. 45%) and less frequently infected with HPV18 (0% vs. 16%; p= 0.007). Genetic polymorphism of the IFN‐γ gene is associated with individual susceptibility to cervical carcinogenesis. This polymorphism correlates with HPV infection in a disease‐ and type‐specific manner. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Celecoxib derivatives induce apoptosis via the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase 9
Authors: Ding Haiming , Han Chunhua , Zhu Jiuxiang , Chen Ching‐Shih , D'Ambrosio Steven M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractCelecoxib is a potent nonsteroid antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) that has shown great promise in cancer chemoprevention and treatment. The tumor suppression activity of celecoxib and other NSAIDs have been related to the induction of apoptosis in many cancer cell lines and animal models. While celecoxib is a specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2, recent data indicate that its apoptotic properties may also be mediated through COX‐independent pathways. In our study, we evaluated second generation celecoxib derivatives, lacking COX‐2 inhibitory activity, in a premalignant and malignant human oral cell culture model to determine their potential anticancer effect and mechanisms responsible for the COX‐independent apoptotic activity. Celecoxib and its derivatives delayed the progression of cells through the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. The derivatives with apolar substituents at the terminal phenyl moiety of celecoxib greatly enhanced apoptosis and cell cycle delay. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest appeared to be independent of derivative induced inhibition of PDK1 and phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2. Derivatives induced apoptosis was mediated by the cleavage and activation of caspase‐9 and caspase‐3, but not caspase 8, implicating the mitochondrial pathway for apoptosis induction. Inhibitors of caspase‐3 and caspase‐9 and cyclosporin A, a mitochondrial membrane potential stabilizer, attenuated derivative induced apoptosis. Inhibition of caspase‐3 prevented the activation of caspase 8, while the inhibition of caspase‐9 inhibitor blocked activation of both caspase 3 and 8 by the derivatives. Apoptosis was independent of Bcl‐2. These results indicate that the second generation celecoxib derivatives induce apoptosis in human oral cancer lines by the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential activating caspase 9 and downstream caspase 3 and 8. This suggests that the modification of the celecoxib structure can lead to highly effective COX‐independent growth inhibitory and apoptotic agents in chemoprevention and therapy. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Plasma folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine and prostate cancer risk: A prospective study
Authors: Hultdin Johan , Van Guelpen Bethany , Bergh Anders , Hallmans Göran , Stattin Pär 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe role of folate metabolism in cancer development is a topic of much current interest, with maintenance of adequate folate status tending to show a protective effect. Aberrant methylation, primarily hypermethylation of certain genes including tumor suppressors, has been implicated in prostate cancer development. Folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine are essential for methyl group metabolism and thus also for DNA methylation. We related plasma levels of these factors to prostate cancer risk in a prospective study of 254 case subjects and 514 matched control subjects. Increasing plasma levels of folate and vitamin B12 were statistically significantly associated with increased prostate cancer risk, with an odds ratio of 1.60 (95% CI = 1.03–2.49; ptrend = 0.02) for folate and 2.63 (95% CI = 1.61–4.29; ptrend < 0.001) for vitamin B12 for highest vs. lowest quartile. Increasing plasma homocysteine levels were associated with a reduced risk of borderline significance (OR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.43–1.04; ptrend = 0.08). After adjustment for the other 2 plasma variables, body mass index and smoking, a statistically significant increased risk remained only for vitamin B12 (OR = 2.96; 95% CI = 1.58–5.55; ptrend = 0.001). Adjusted OR for folate and homocysteine were 1.30 (95% CI = 0.74–2.24; ptrend = 0.17) and 0.91 (95% CI = 0.51–1.58; ptrend = 0.60), respectively. Our results suggest that factors contributing to folate status are not protective against prostate cancer. On the contrary, vitamin B12, associated with an up to 3‐fold increase in risk, and possibly also folate, may even stimulate prostate cancer development. These findings are novel and should be explored further in future studies. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and NAT2 genotypes on the p53 mutational spectrum in bladder tumours
Authors: Ryk Charlotta , Berggren Petra , Kumar Rajiv , Hemminki Kari , Larsson Per , Steineck Gunnar , Lambert Bo , Hou Sai‐Mei 
Published: October 2004

AbstractGenetic polymorphisms affecting expression or activity of the corresponding enzymes can influence the risk of acquiring gene mutations and various cancers. We have studied 327 bladder cancer patients with regard to the functionally related polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and NAT2 and analysed the p53 mutational status of their tumours. Fifty p53 mutations, 26% transversions and 74% transitions, were detected in 44 patients. P53 mutation frequency was significantly higher in higher‐grade tumours than in low‐grade tumours (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 1.44–3.02, adjusted for age and sex). Also, a significant association was found between tumour stage (Tis and T2+ vs. Ta and T1) and presence of the GSTP1 val allele (adjusted OR = 2.00, CI 1.14–3.52). Overall, there was no significant difference in frequency of p53 mutation among patients with different genotypes. Among patients with p53 mutation, transversions were significantly more frequent in GSTM1‐negative as compared to GSTM1‐positive individuals (OR = 5.18, CI 1.07–25.02, adjusted for age, sex and tumour stage). With one exception, all tumours with the most common type of transversion, G:C‐C:G, occurred in GSTM1‐negative patients. Among smokers, all transversions (3 of 3), but only 2 of 13 transitions, were found among carriers of the GSTP1 variant allele, and samples carrying at least 1 variant GSTP1 allele had more transitions at CpG sites than wild‐type samples (adjusted OR = 4.61, CI 0.82–26.04). No significant associations were found for the NAT2 gene. Our results suggest that impaired glutathione conjugation may affect the mutation spectrum in critical target genes. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of epithelial ovarian cancer using 1H‐NMR‐based metabonomics
Authors: Odunsi Kunle , Wollman Robert M. , Ambrosone Christine B. , Hutson Alan , McCann Susan E. , Tammela Jonathan , Geisler John P. , Miller Gregory , Sellers Thomas , Cliby William , Qian Feng , Keitz Bernadette , Intengan Marilyn , Lele Shashikant , Alderfer James L. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractCurrently available serum biomarkers are insufficiently reliable to distinguish patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) from healthy individuals. Metabonomics, the study of metabolic processes in biologic systems, is based on the use of 1H‐NMR spectroscopy and multivariate statistics for biochemical data generation and interpretation and may provide a characteristic fingerprint in disease. In an effort to examine the utility of the metabonomic approach for discriminating sera from women with EOC from healthy controls, we performed 1H‐NMR spectroscopic analysis on preoperative serum specimens obtained from 38 patients with EOC, 12 patients with benign ovarian cysts and 53 healthy women. After data reduction, we applied both unsupervised Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and supervised Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) for pattern recognition. The sensitivity and specificity tradeoffs were summarized for each variable using the area under the receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve. In addition, we analyzed the regions of NMR spectra that most strongly influence separation of sera of EOC patients from healthy controls. PCA analysis allowed correct separation of all serum specimens from 38 patients with EOC (100%) from all of the 21 premenopausal normal samples (100%) and from all the sera from patients with benign ovarian disease (100%). In addition, it was possible to correctly separate 37 of 38 (97.4%) cancer specimens from 31 of 32 (97%) postmenopausal control sera. SIMCA analysis using the Cooman's plot demonstrated that sera classes from patients with EOC, benign ovarian cysts and the postmenopausal healthy controls did not share multivariate space, providing validation for the class separation. ROC analysis indicated that the sera from patients with and without disease could be identified with 100% sensitivity and specificity at the 1H‐NMR regions 2.77 parts per million (ppm) and 2.04 ppm from the origin (AUC of ROC curve = 1.0). In addition, the regression coefficients most influential for the EOC samples compared to postmenopausal controls lie around δ3.7 ppm (due mainly to sugar hydrogens). Other loadings most influential for the EOC samples lie around δ2.25 ppm and δ1.18 ppm. These findings indicate that 1H‐NMR metabonomic analysis of serum achieves complete separation of EOC patients from healthy controls. The metabonomic approach deserves further evaluation as a potential novel strategy for the early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo efficacy of STI571 in xenografted human small cell lung cancer alone or combined with chemotherapy
Authors: Decaudin Didier , de Cremoux Patricia , Sastre Xavier , Judde Jean‐Gabriel , Nemati Fariba , Tran‐Perennou Carine , Fréneaux Paul , Livartowski Alain , Pouillart Pierre , Poupon Marie‐France 
Published: October 2004

AbstractSTI571, or imatinib, selectively inhibits BCR/ABL, PDGFR and c‐kit kinase activity. It has been reported that a large proportion of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines and tumors express c‐kit and that STI571 inhibits tumor cell growth. We therefore investigated the therapeutic efficacy of STI571, alone or combined with chemotherapy, in human SCLC cells or tumors xenografted into nude mice. The level of c‐kit mRNA expression was variable in SCLC tumors (positive for 2 of 4 xenografts), and c‐kit protein was not detected by immunohistochemistry. On the 4 xenografted tumors, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ were not detected by immunohistochemistry. STI571 induced inhibition of proliferation of the SCLC6 cell line without inducing apoptosis; in contrast, in combination with etoposide or topotecan, the growth inhibition of SCLC6 cells induced by STI571 was increased, with apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Four human SCLC xenografts (SCLC6, SCLC61, SCLC74 and SCLC108) were transplanted into mice. After intraperitoneal injection of STI571, we observed 80%, 40% and 78% growth inhibition of SCLC6, SCLC61 and SCLC108 tumors, respectively, without any significant inhibition of SCLC74 tumor growth. In mice bearing responsive SCLC tumors, we observed an increase of growth inhibition induced by chemotherapy (etoposide + ifosfamide or topotecan) by concomitant and continuous administration of STI571, associated with an increase of toxic deaths. In SCLC6‐bearing mice receiving sequential treatments, we observed a reduction of toxic deaths but a decrease of synergistic antitumor efficacy. In conclusion, the efficacy of STI571 alone in SCLC xenografted tumors was variable and did not depend on c‐kit expression. Moreover, a significant increase of chemotherapy‐induced growth inhibition was obtained by concomitant administration of STI571 that should be carefully investigated in SCLC patients. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.