bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Content comparison of occupation‐based instruments in adult rheumatology and musculoskeletal rehabilitation based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
Authors: Stamm Tanja A. , Cieza Alarcos , Machold Klaus P. , Smolen Josef S. , Stucki Gerold 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the content of clinical, occupation‐based instruments that are used in adult rheumatology and musculoskeletal rehabilitation in occupational therapy based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).MethodsClinical instruments of occupational performance and occupation in adult rehabilitation and rheumatology were identified in a literature search. All items of these instruments were linked to the ICF categories according to 10 linking rules. On the basis of the linking, the content of these instruments was compared and the relationship between the capacity and performance component explored.ResultsThe following 7 instruments were identified: the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills, the Sequential Occupational Dexterity Assessment, the Jebson Taylor Hand Function Test, the Moberg Picking Up Test, the Button Test, and the Functional Dexterity Test. The items of the 7 instruments were linked to 53 different ICF categories. Five items could not be linked to the ICF. The areas covered by the 7 occupation‐based instruments differ importantly: The main focus of all 7 instruments is on the ICF componentactivities and participation.Body functionsare covered by 2 instruments. Two instruments were linked to 1 single ICF category only.ConclusionClinicians and researchers who need to select an occupation‐based instrument must be aware of the areas that are covered by this instrument and the potential areas that are not covered at all.
Practice, training, and assessment among experts performing musculoskeletal ultrasonography: Toward the development of an international consensus of educational standards for ultrasonography for rheumatologists
Authors: Brown Andrew K. , O'Connor Philip J. , Wakefield Richard J. , Roberts Trudie E. , Karim Zunaid , Emery Paul 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the training and practice of specialist practitioners in musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MUS) with the aim of developing an expert‐derived consensus of educational standards for rheumatologists performing MUS.MethodsA panel of worldwide experts in MUS was identified by literature review, consultation with members of training committees, and peer recommendation. Using a postal questionnaire, information was obtained about personal experience, current practice, training regimen, and participation in competency assessment.ResultsInternational experts in MUS were identified (57 in total: 37 radiologists, 20 rheumatologists). Response rate was 70%. Radiologists had been performing MUS for longer than rheumatologists. Both rheumatologists and radiologists conducted the same number of MUS sessions per week, although radiologists examined more patients. More radiologists performed MUS for muscle and ligament injury, nerve lesions, soft tissue masses, and of the groin (P < 0.01). The number of training hours was similar. Approaches to training varied, although attending a training course and scanning with an expert was more common among rheumatologists (P < 0.001). More than two‐thirds of the group had not undergone any form of competency assessment.ConclusionThis study highlights differences in training and practice between individual expert ultrasonographers and between specialty backgrounds. In particular, there appears to be no formal training regimen and competency assessment is uncommon. The establishment of a core set of internationally applicable educational standards for MUS training for rheumatologists is required.
In Vitro inhibitory effects of non‐steroidal antiinflammatory drugs on UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase 1A1‐catalysed estradiol 3β‐glucuronidation in human liver microsomes
Authors: Mano Yuji , Usui Takashi , Kamimura Hidetaka 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe inhibitory potencies of non‐steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) on UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1‐catalysed estradiol 3β‐glucuronidation (E3G) were investigated in human liver microsomes (HLM). Inhibitory effects of the following seven NSAID were investigated: acetaminophen, diclofenac, diflunisal, indomethacin, ketoprofen, naproxen and niflumic acid. Niflumic acid had the most potent inhibitory effect on E3G with an IC50 value of 22.2 µM in HLM. The IC50 values of diclofenac, diflunisal, indomethacin for E3G were 60.9, 37.8 and 51.5 µM, respectively, while acetaminophen, ketoprofen and naproxen showed less potent inhibition. Diclofenac inhibited E3G non‐competitively with a Ki value of 112 µM in HLM. The IC50 value of diclofenac for 4‐methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in recombinant human UGT1A1 was 57.5 µM, similar to that obtained for E3G using HLM.In conclusion, niflumic acid had the most potent inhibitory effects on UGT1A1‐catalysed E3G in HLM among seven NSAID investigated. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
De novo renal cell carcinoma of native kidney in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Neuzillet Yann , Lay Franck , Luccioni Aline , Daniel Laurent , Berland Yvon , Coulange Christian , Lechevallier Eric 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe 10‐year risk of developing a solid malignancy is 20% for kidney transplant recipients. The goal of the current study was to investigate the epidemiology and the diagnostic and prognostic parameters associated with de novo malignancies of the native kidney among transplant recipients at the authors' institution (Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Hôpital Salvator, Marseille, France).METHODSThe authors reexamined the follow‐up of 933 consecutive transplant recipients at their institution between 1987 and 2003. Immunossupressive therapy was not modified in the event of malignant disease, nor was systematic radiologic monitoring of native kidneys performed. All de novo malignancies of the native kidney were included in the current analysis.RESULTSAmong the 933 patients examined, a combined total of 12 malignancies of the native kidney were diagnosed in 11 individuals. For these 11 individuals, the average ages at transplantation and diagnosis were 42.5 and 49.1 years, respectively. Ten malignancies were discovered fortuitously, whereas two were symptomatic. Among the 10 renal echographies performed, there was 1 false‐negative result. Tomodensitometry was performed in 11 cases and yielded no false‐negative results. The average tumor size was 37 mm. Nephrectomy was performed in 10 cases, and biopsy was performed in 1. Among the 12 kidney malignancies encountered in the current study, there were 7 conventional cell carcinomas, 3 basophilic papillary carcinomas, and 2 chromophobic renal cell carcinomas. Half of all tumors were Furhman Grade 3 lesions, and pT1aN0M0 tumors (2003 TNM staging system) also accounted for half of all malignancies in the current cohort. Two affected transplant recipients died (one due to disease), and the remaining nine are alive without recurrence and with normal renal functioning (median follow‐up, 39 months).CONCLUSIONSThere appears to be an increased risk of malignancy of the native kidney in renal transplant recipients, with high‐grade and papillary tumors being particularly common. Consequently, systematic radiologic follow‐up of native kidneys must be performed for individuals who undergo kidney transplantation. Cancer 2005. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Prediction of survival in patients with metastases in the spinal column
Authors: van der Linden Yvette M. , Dijkstra Sander P. D. S. , Vonk Ernest J. A. , Marijnen Corrie A. M. , Leer Jan Willem H. ,   for The Dutch Bone Metastasis Study Group
Published: December 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDAdequate prediction of survival is important in deciding on treatment for patients with symptomatic spinal metastases. The authors reviewed 342 patients with painful spinal metastases without neurologic impairment who were treated conservatively within a large, prospectively randomized radiotherapy trial. Response to radiotherapy and prognostic factors for survival were studied.METHODSThe data base of the Dutch Bone Metastasis Study was used. Response to treatment and prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) were studied using a Cox regression model. A scoring system was developed to predict OS.RESULTSResponses were noted in 73% of patients. In 3% of patients, spinal cord compression was reported a mean of 3.5 months after randomization. The median OS was 7 months, and significant predictors for survival were Karnofsky performance score, primary tumor (multivariate analysis; both P < 0.001), and the absence of visceral metastases (multivariate analysis; P = 0.02). A scoring system based on these predictors was developed, and 34% of patients were in Group A (median OS = 3.0 months), 48% of patients were in Group B (median OS = 9.0 months), and 18% of patients were in Group C (median OS = 18.7 months). Group C was comprised of patients with breast carcinoma, a good performance, and no visceral metastases.CONCLUSIONSMost patients with spinal metastases have a limited life expectancy and should be treated with caution regarding surgical procedures. Radiotherapy is a safe and effective, noninvasive treatment modality for pain. The new scoring system will enable physicians to select patients who may survive long enough to benefit from more radical treatment. Cancer 2005. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Characterization of linkage disequilibrium structure, mutation history, and tagging SNPs, and their use in association analyses: ELAC2 and familial early‐onset prostate cancer
Authors: Camp Nicola J. , Swensen Jeff , Horne Benjamin D. , Farnham James M. , Thomas Alun , Cannon‐Albright Lisa A. , Tavtigian Sean V. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn association analyses, it is critical that informative single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) be selected for study and utilized appropriately. We sequenced 38 kb, including exons of ELAC2, promoter region and conserved upstream intergenic sequences. A comprehensive characterization of linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure and mutation history was performed using our principal components analysis (PCA) method and a phylogenetic analysis. We identified a complex pattern of LD structure consistent with the occurrence of both recombination and mutation events within ELAC2. Four overlapping and noncontiguous LD groups were defined. Eight tagging SNPs (tSNPs) were identified, accounting for over 90% of the genetic variation of the 19 total variants. We tested associations between familial early‐onset prostate cancer (PRCA) and each variant independently and in haplotypes. We performed these tests using all 19 variants and the 8 tSNPs; the results using tSNP haplotypes accurately represent the association evidence for the full haplotypes. We observed increased evidence for association when SNPs were analyzed in haplotypes. The phylogenetic analysis indicated three haplotypes, clustered farthest from the root‐node, all of which were found more often in cases than controls. These three haplotypes together showed the best evidence of association with familial, early‐onset PRCA (P=0.0024; odds ratio=2.23; 95% CI, 1.33–3.74), indicating possible allelic heterogeneity. Our results suggest that 8 tSNPs are required to comprehensively assess associations in ELAC2, and that haplotypes should be considered for analysis, and that a knowledge of mutation history may be helpful in parsing allelic heterogeneity and suggesting combinations of haplotypes to be tested. Genet. Epidemiol. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The utilization of training program evaluation in corporate universities
Authors: Bober Christopher F. , Bartlett Kenneth R. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThis study examined the use of training program evaluation results in corporate universities. Specifically, the study attempted to determine which organizational members use evaluation data, and for what purposes, and identify the factors that are related to the use of evaluation results. The study was designed to test the appropriateness of the Cousins and Leithwood (1986) meta‐analytic conceptual framework for evaluation utilization. A case study approach was used to collect qualitative data at four corporate universities in the United States. On‐site interviews with key personnel and in‐depth document review of applicable training program evaluation information were conducted. Results showed a high degree of consensus on evaluation uses and users. Seven of the twelve factors from the Cousins and Leithwood framework were found at all four sites to influence utilization. The findings indicate that factors identified as being influential to evaluation utilization related to implementation dominated over factors related to uses for decision/policy setting.
An examination of work‐environment support factors affecting transfer of supervisory skills training to the workplace
Authors: Cromwell Susan E. , Kolb Judith A. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractOrganizations invest a significant amount of time and money on management and supervisory training programs. The intent of this study was to examine the relationship between four specific work‐environment factors (organization support, supervisor support, peer support, and participation in a peer support network) and transfer of training at one‐month, six‐month, and one‐year points following supervisory skills training. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from both trainees and their direct supervisors. ANOVA results of aggregate data showed that trainees who reported receiving high levels of organization, supervisor, and peer support, and who also participated in a peer support network, reported higher levels of transfer of knowledge and skills. When data were segregated and examined according to length of time since trainees had completed training, findings were still significant for organization, supervisor, and peer support but only at the one‐year point, not at one month or six months. Participation in a peer support network was not significant at any of the three points of time. In short‐answer responses, trainees indicated that lack of time and lack of management support and buy‐in were significant barriers to transfer. T‐test results indicated that trainees and their supervisors did not differ in their perceptions of level of transfer of skills or amount of organizational or direct supervisor support received by the trainees.
The influences of the Southern and North Atlantic Oscillations on climatic surface variables in Turkey
Authors: Karabörk M. Çaǧatay , Kahya Ercan , Karaca Mehmet 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn this study, Turkish climatic variables (precipitation, stream flow and maximum and minimum temperatures) were first analysed in association with both the Southern Oscillation (SO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The relationships between Turkish maximum and minimum monthly temperatures and the extreme phases of the SO (El Niño and La Niña events) were examined. The results of this analysis showed that relationships between Turkish monthly maximum temperatures and El Niño and La Niña contain some complexity still to be identified, because both events produce a signal indicating a correspondence with cold anomalies in the aggregate composites. A relationship between turkish minimum temperatures and El Niño was detected in western Anatolia, whereas there was no significant and consistent signal associated with La Niña. Moreover a series of cross‐correlation analyses was carried out to demonstrate the teleconnections between the climatic variables and both the NAO and SO. The NAO during winter was found to influence precipitation and stream‐flow patterns. In contrast temperature patterns appeared to be less sensitive to the NAO. Furthermore, lag‐correlation results indicated a prediction potential for both precipitation and stream‐flow variables in connection with the NAO. Simultaneous and time‐lag correlations between the climatic variables and the SO index, in general, indicated weaker relationships in comparison with those for the NAO. These analyses also showed that the influences of the SO on Turkish temperature data are negligible. The outcomes were presented in conjunction with an explanation regarding physical mechanisms behind the implied teleconnections. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evapotranspiration from a wet temperate grassland and its sensitivity to microenvironmental variables
Authors: Li S.‐G. , Lai C.‐T. , Lee G. , Shimoda S. , Yokoyama T. , Higuchi A. , Oikawa T. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe eddy covariance and energy balance method was employed to determine evapotranspiration (LE) over a wet temperate C3–C4 co‐existing grassland in Japan. After sensible heat flux (H) was estimated via the eddy covariance technique, LE was calculated as the residual of the energy budget with calibration against the direct measurements of LE by a lysimeter. Daily mean LE varied from 0·8 to 10·5 MJ d−1, with a peak at 16·5 MJ d−1 in late July to early August. Day‐to‐day and seasonal variability in LE was affected appreciably by net radiation (Rn), atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD), canopy surface conductance (gc) and leaf area index (LAI). Before the canopy closure, LE responded to LAI in a linear manner. However, LE decreased with increasing LAI later in summer. Daytime variation in the decoupling coefficient (Ω) demonstrates that the canopy decoupled from the atmosphere in the morning and LE was primarily driven by the available energy, while in the afternoon the canopy partially coupled to the atmosphere so that LE was sensitive to VPD and gc. Throughout the whole measurement period, Ω was generally larger than 0·5, suggesting that the available energy contributes more to LE than VPD. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust inference concerning recent trends in US environmental quality
Authors: Maasoumi Esfandiar , Millimet Daniel L. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractUnderstanding trends in environmental quality is important for individuals and policymakers. Typically, trends in environmental quality are determined solely through comparisons of unconditional or conditional mean pollution levels. However, reaching unambiguous conclusions on the basis of only the first moment of the (unconditional or conditional) distribution is problematic since it ignores what is occurring in different regions of the distribution. Even relying on indices that incorporate both mean and variance is suspect to the extent that relative rankings are not typically robust to index choice. Addressing these concerns, we adapt recent developments in the stochastic dominance literature to test for unambiguous relations between current and past distributions of toxic releases. Using EPA data from 1988–1999, we find statistically significant evidence that the unconditional 1999 distributions of air, land, underground and total toxic releases dominate in a first‐degree sense their respective 1988 distributions. While some of this improvement is explained by economic growth, pollution net‐of‐income improved over the sample period as well. Finally, we document robust differences in the distribution of pollution across regions in the US. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dvl2 silencing in postdevelopmental cells results in aberrant cell membrane activity and actin disorganization
Authors: Wechezak Arlene R. , Coan Daniel E. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe upstream events by which endothelial cells perceive the necessity for migration and how this signal results in coordinated movement is unknown. The synchrony underlying these events shares parallels to events occurring during the movement of tissues in embryogenesis. While Wnt signaling is an important pathway in development, components of the cascade exist in postdevelopment endothelial cells. The objective of this study was to determine whether Dishevelled, a key modulation protein in canonical and PCP‐CE Wnt signaling was present in endothelium and its potential function. Western blots of cell lysates and immunolabeling studies confirmed that Dishevelled 2 (Dvl2) is an abundant phosphoprotein in endothelial cells. Dvl2 was localized within the cytoplasm of cells as either F‐actin‐free or F‐actin‐associated. The disappearance of F‐actin‐free Dvl2 in vesicle‐like organelles and targeting of actin filaments correlated with a loss in cell motility. Gene silencing of Dishevelled by siRNA duplexes resulted in cells with aberrant membrane activity and an inability to extend lamellipodia. Underlying these abnormalities was a disorganization of the actin filament system, including loss of actin‐rich densities, indistinct stress fibers and an accompanying increase in diffuse and aggregate cytoplasmic actin. This study represents the first documentation of Dvl2 in postdevelopmental endothelial cells and its possible role in cell migration via manipulation of actin filament bundles. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Volunteer and coordinator perspectives on managing women volunteers
Authors: Leonard Rosemary , Onyx Jenny , Hayward‐Brown Helen 
Published: December 2004

AbstractRecent changes in Australia, such as the new public management and national competition policy, have affected the way that human services are provided and have complicated the role of volunteer coordinators. However, because volunteers are free to choose their level of contribution, it is the volunteers' perspective that is the ultimate yardstick against which their coordination is assessed. The aim of the research examined here was a deeper understanding of women volunteers' and their coordinators' views of their work. The research was conducted within a qualitative paradigm, employing individual and focus group interviews. The analysis identified eight areas of concern for volunteers around their management. The analysis of the coordinators' interviews revealed three coordination styles—horizontal, nurturing, and managerial—of which the managerial was most in conflict with the volunteers' perspective.
Early prenatal diagnosis of oculoauriculofrontonasal syndrome by three‐dimensional ultrasound
Authors: Johnson J. M. , Benoit B. , Pierre‐Louis J. , Keating S. , Chitayat D. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractOculoauriculofrontonasal syndrome is a rare developmental field defect that represents an abnormal morphogenesis of the frontonasal eminence. It consists of features of both oculoauriculovertebral spectrum and frontonasal malformation. A few cases in the literature have described this syndrome, but to the best of our knowledge the present case is the first early prenatal diagnosis of this severe condition using three‐dimensional ultrasonography. Copyright © 2004 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.