bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing implementation and sustainability of interventions to improve oral health and related health behaviours in adults experiencing severe and multiple disadvantage: a mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: John Deepti A , Adams Emma A , McGowan Laura J , Joyes Emma C , Richmond Catherine , Beyer Fiona R , Landes David , Watt Richard G , Sniehotta Falko F , Paisi Martha , Bambra Clare , Craig Dawn , Kaner Eileen , Ramsay Sheena E 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesAmong people experiencing severe and multiple disadvantage (SMD), poor oral health is common and linked to smoking, substance use and high sugar intake. Studies have explored interventions addressing oral health and related behaviours; however, factors related to the implementation of these interventions remain unclear. This mixed-methods systematic review aimed to synthesise evidence on the implementation and sustainability of interventions to improve oral health and related health behaviours among adults experiencing SMD.MethodsBibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EBSCO, Scopus) and grey literature were searched from inception to February 2023. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were screened and extracted independently by two researchers. Quality appraisal was undertaken, and results were synthesised using narrative and thematic analyses.ResultsSeventeen papers were included (published between 1995 and 2022). Studies were mostly of moderate quality and included views from SMD groups and service providers. From the qualitative synthesis, most findings were related to aspects such as trust, resources and motivation levels of SMD groups and service providers. None of the studies reported on diet and none included repeated offending (one of the aspects of SMD). From the quantitative synthesis, no difference was observed in programme attendance between the interventions and usual care, although there was some indication of sustained improvements in participation in the intervention group.ConclusionThis review provides some evidence that trust, adequate resources and motivation levels are potentially important in implementing interventions to improve oral health and substance use among SMD groups. Further research is needed from high quality studies and focusing on diet in this population.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020202416.
Cross-sectional survey of sexual health professionals’ experiences and perceptions of the 2022 mpox outbreak in the UK
Authors: Hayes Rosalie , Dakin Francesca , Smuk Melanie , Paparini Sara , Apea Vanessa , Dewsnap Claire , Waters L , Anderson Jane , Orkin Chloe M 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo understand the experiences and perceptions of sexual health professionals responding to the May 2022 mpox outbreak in the UK.DesignCross-sectional, anonymous, online survey collecting quantitative and qualitative data. Convenience sample recruited via an international network of sexual health and HIV clinicians responding to mpox and promoted through clinical associations and social media. Survey domains included: clinical workload; preparedness, support, and training; safety at work; vaccination; and well-being. Qualitative descriptive analysis of open-text responses was conducted to support interpretation of the quantitative data.ParticipantsParticipants who were employed as sexual health professionals in the UK and had direct clinical experience of mpox were included in the analysis. The survey was completed between 11 August and 31 October 2022 by 139 respondents, the majority of whom were doctors (72.7%), cis-female (70.5%) and White (78.4%).Results70.3% reported that they were required to respond to mpox in addition to their existing clinical responsibilities, with 46.8% working longer hours as a result. In the open-text data, respondents highlighted that workload pressures were exacerbated by a lack of additional funding for mpox, pre-existing pressures on sexual health services, and unrealistic expectations around capacity. 67.6% of respondents reported experiencing negative emotional impact due to their mpox work, with stress (59.0%), fatigue (43.2%) and anxiety (36.0%) being the most common symptoms. 35.8% stated that they were less likely to remain in their profession because of their experiences during the mpox outbreak. In the open-text data, these feelings were ascribed to post-COVID exhaustion, understaffing and frustration among some participants at the handling of the mpox response.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that sexual health services require increased funding and resources, along with evidence-based well-being interventions, to support sexual health professionals’ outbreak preparedness and recovery.
Rationale and design of the THIRST Alert feasibility study: a pragmatic, single-centre, parallel-group randomised controlled trial of an interruptive alert for oral fluid restriction in patients treated with intravenous furosemide
Authors: Chen Yang , Shah Anoop , Jani Yogini , Higgins Daniel , Saleem Nausheen , Chafer Kris , Sydes Matthew Robert , Asselbergs Folkert W , Lumbers R Thomas 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAcute heart failure (HF) is a major cause of unplanned hospitalisation characterised by excess body water. A restriction in oral fluid intake is commonly imposed on patients as an adjunct to pharmacological therapy with loop diuretics, but there is a lack of evidence from traditional randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to support the safety and effectiveness of this intervention in the acute setting.This study aims to explore the feasibility of using computer alerts within the electronic health record (EHR) system to invite clinical care teams to enrol patients into a pragmatic RCT at the time of clinical decision-making. It will additionally assess the effectiveness of using an alert to help address the clinical research question of whether oral fluid restriction is a safe and effective adjunct to pharmacological therapy for patients admitted with fluid overload.Methods and analysisTHIRST (Randomised ControlledTrial within the electronicHealth record of anInterruptive alert displaying a fluidRestrictionSuggestion in patients with the treatableTrait of congestion) Alert is a single-centre, parallel-group, open-label pragmatic RCT embedded in the EHR system that will be conducted as a feasibility study at an National Health Service (NHS) hospital in London. The clinical care team will be invited to enrol suitable patients in the study using a point-of-care alert with a target sample size of 50 patients. Enrolled patients will then be randomised to either restricted or unrestricted oral fluid intake. Two primary outcomes will be explored (1) the proportion of eligible patients enrolled in the study and (2) the mean difference in oral fluid intake between randomised groups. A series of secondary outcomes are specified to evaluate the effectiveness of the alert, adherence to the randomised treatment allocation and the quality of data generated from routine care, relevant to the outcomes of interest.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by Riverside Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 22/LO/0889) and will be published on completion.Trial registration numberNCT05869656.
Randomised, siteless study to compare systematic atrial fibrillation screening using enrichment by a risk prediction model with standard care in a Swedish population aged ≥ 65 years: CONSIDERING-AF study design
Authors: Etminani Farzaneh , Sandgren Emma , Holm Johan , Magnusson Peter , Modica Angelo , Moberg Karin , Davidsson Thomas , Stalpe Linda , Kiflemariam Sara , Younan Ninia , Parikh Purvee , Wadhwa Manish , Sundin Anna , Engdahl Johan 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and confers an increased risk of mortality, stroke, heart failure and cognitive decline. There is growing interest in AF screening; however, the most suitable population and device for AF detection remains to be elucidated. Here, we present the design of the CONSIDERING-AF (deteCtiON and Stroke preventIon by moDEl scRreenING for Atrial Fibrillation) study.Methods and analysisCONSIDERING-AF is a randomised, controlled, siteless, non-blinded diagnostic superiority trial with four parallel groups and a primary endpoint of identifying AF during a 6-month study period set in Region Halland, Sweden. In each group, 740 individuals aged≥65 years will be included. The primary objective is to compare the intervention of AF screening enrichment using a risk prediction model (RPM), followed by 14 days of a continuous ECG patch, with no intervention (standard care). Primary outcome is defined as the incident AF recorded in the Region Halland Information Database after 6 months as compared with standard care. Secondary endpoints include the difference in incident AF between groups enriched or not by the RPM, with and without an invitation to 14 days of continuous ECG recording, and the proportions of oral anticoagulation treatment in the four groups.Ethics and disseminationThis study has ethical approval from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. Results will be published in peer-reviewed international journals.Trial registration numberNCT05838781.
Eyecare practitioner perspectives and attitudes towards myopia and myopia management in the UK
Authors: Coverdale Sophie , Rountree Lindsay , Webber Kathryn , Cufflin Matthew , Mallen Edward , Alderson Alison , Ghorbani-Mojarrad Neema 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveMany children with progressive myopia are still prescribed single-vision correction. An investigation into UK eyecare practitioners’ (ECPs) perceptions of myopia management was carried out to ascertain factors which may be limiting its implementation and uptake within clinical practice.Methods and analysisOnline focus groups were held with UK ECPs. Participants were encouraged to discuss their knowledge of the available myopia management options, their perception of how myopia management is being delivered in the UK and any barriers limiting ECPs' prescribing of these management options in practice. The discussions were transcribed and analysed thematically.ResultsFocus groups were held with 41 ECPs from primary and secondary eyecare. ECPs felt that provision of myopia management in the UK is variable. Most ECPs believe they have sufficient knowledge, but felt a lack of confidence in decision-making and practical experience. Less experienced ECPs sought more definitive guidance to support their decision-making. ECPs desired clarity on their duty of care obligations and were concerned over possible future litigation if they had not offered, or referred for, myopia management when indicated. The greatest barrier appears to be financial—treatment is expensive and ECPs are uncomfortable communicating this to parents. Many barriers were indicative of systemic problems within UK eyecare, such as commercial pressures, inadequate National Health Service funding and poor public awareness of paediatric eyecare.ConclusionMyopia management is not implemented consistently across the UK. To improve accessibility, changes are required at multiple levels, from individual ECPs through to wider stakeholders in UK eyecare provision.
RCAd-LTH-shPD-L1, a double-gene recombinant oncolytic adenovirus with enhanced antitumor immunity, increases lymphocyte infiltration and reshapes the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Meng Yuan , Liu Haotian , Zhu Haoran , Zhang Wanrong , Sun Dong , Han Xuefei , Liu Ying , Luo Guangzuo 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundWith the successful development of modern immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are currently considered potential therapeutic options for patients with cancer. However, the therapeutic potential of ICIs in human cancer is mainly limited by their systemic toxicity and low response rate, which suggests the necessity of local drug delivery with an effective vector and reshaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) to enhance ICI therapy. Here, we constructed a novel double-gene recombinant oncolytic adenovirus named RCAd-LTH-shPD-L1 based on the RCAd virus platform armed with a DNA fragment encoding an anti-VEGF antibody and shRNA to inhibit PD-L1 expression.MethodsThe correct assembly of RCAd-LTH-shPD-L1 was characterized by analyzing its secretion, antigen specificity, and replication using western blotting, ELISA and quantitative PCR, respectively. The in vitro effects of RCAd-LTH-shPD-L1 on cell proliferation, vasculogenic, and cell migration were assessed. Antitumor effects and therapeutic mechanisms were evaluated in vivo using immunodeficient and humanized immune system mouse models. The TME was studied by ELISA, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.ResultsRCAd-LTH-shPD-L1 cells secreted anti-VEGF antibodies and inhibited the expression of PD-L1 in cancer cells. Moreover, RCAd-LTH-shPD-L1 exerted a specific cytotoxic effect on human cancer cells, but not on murine cancer cells or normal human cells. RCAd-LTH-shPD-L1 elicited a more potent antitumor effect in an immunodeficient mouse model and a humanized immune system mouse model than RCAd-shPD-L1, as demonstrated by the significant decrease in tumor growth. Furthermore, RCAd-LTH-shPD-L1 modulated the TME, which led to lymphocyte infiltration and alteration of their immune phenotype, as characterized by downregulation of anoxic factor HIF-1α and angiogenesis marker CD31, upregulation of cytokine such as IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-12.ConclusionsIn summary, our data demonstrated that the localized delivery of anti-VEGF antibodies and shPD-L1 by engineered RCAd-LTH-shPD-L1 is a highly effective and safe strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, the data underscore the potential of combining local virotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy with ICIs as an effective TME therapy for poorly infiltrating tumors.
Intratumoral administration of the immunologic adjuvant AS01Bin combination with autologous CD1c (BDCA-1)+/CD141 (BDCA-3)+myeloid dendritic cells plus ipilimumab and intravenous nivolumab in patients with refractory advanced melanoma
Authors: Tijtgat Jens , Geeraerts Xenia , Boisson Anais , Stevens Latoya , Vounckx Manon , Dirven Iris , Schwarze Julia Katharina , Raeymaeckers Steven , Forsyth Ramses , Van Riet Ivan , Tuyaerts Sandra , Willard-Gallo Karen , Neyns Bart 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPatients with advanced melanoma who progress after treatment with immune checkpoint-inhibitors (ICI) and BRAF-/MEK-inhibitors (ifBRAFV600mutated) have no remaining effective treatment options. The presence of CD1c (BDCA-1)+and CD141 (BDCA-3)+myeloid dendritic cells (myDC) in the tumor microenvironment correlates with pre-existing immune recognition and responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade. The synthetic saponin-based immune adjuvant AS01Benhances adaptive immunity through the involvement of myDC.MethodsIn this first-in-human phase I clinical trial, patients with metastatic melanoma refractory to ICI and BRAF-/MEK inhibitors (when indicated) were recruited. Patients received an intravenous administration of low-dose nivolumab (10 mg, every 2 weeks) plus an intratumoral (IT) administration of 10 mg ipilimumab and 50 µg (0.5 mL) AS01B(every 2 weeks). All myDC, isolated from blood, were injected on day 2 into the same metastatic lesion. Tumor biopsies and blood samples were collected at baseline and repeatedly on treatment. Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was performed on biopsy sections to characterize and quantify the IT and peritumoral immune cell composition.ResultsStudy treatment was feasible and well tolerated without the occurrence of unexpected adverse events in all eight patients. Four patients (50%) obtained a complete response (CR) in the injected lesions. Of these, two patients obtained an overall CR, and one patient a partial response. All responses are ongoing after more than 1 year of follow-up. One additional patient had a stable disease as best response. The disease control rate was 50%. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 24.1 and 41.9 weeks, respectively. Baseline tumor biopsies from patients who responded to treatment had features of T-cell exclusion. During treatment, there was an increased T-cell infiltration, with a reduced mean distance between T cells and tumor cells. Peripheral blood immune cell composition did not significantly change during study treatment.ConclusionsCombining an intratumoral injection of CD1c (BDCA-1)+and CD141 (BDCA-3)+myDC with repeated IT administration of ipilimumab and AS01Band systemic low-dose nivolumab is safe, feasible with promising early results, worthy of further clinical investigation.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov identifierNCT03707808.
Common design and data elements reported in active mechanical thrombectomy trials focusing on distal medium vessel occlusions and minor strokes: a systematic review
Authors: Bilgin Cem , Bolsegui Marisabel L , Ghozy Sherief , Hassankhani Amir , Kobeissi Hassan , Jabal Mohamed Sobhi , Gupta Rishabh , De Rubeis Gianluca , Kadirvel Ramanathan , Brinjikji Waleed , Saba Luca , Kallmes David F 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundDistal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) and minor strokes represent emerging frontiers in mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Although several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are underway, the design characteristics of these trials and the specific questions they aim to address have not been extensively explored. This current study sought to investigate the design and data elements reported in active prospective DMVO and minor stroke studies.MethodsThe ClinicalTrials.gov database was searched for ongoing prospective studies assessing the role of MT in patients with DMVOs or minor strokes. The Nested Knowledge AutoLit platform was utilized to categorize reported outcomes and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Frequencies of reported data elements were extracted from study protocols.ResultsA total of 10 (8 DMVO and 2 minor stroke) studies enrolling 3520 patients were included. All DMVO studies employ different criteria regarding target occlusion locations. Five DMVO studies use stent retrievers as the first-line thrombectomy technique (62.5%, 5/8), while three studies allow any MT techniques, generally at the operator’s discretion. Four DMVO studies permit intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) utilization in both intervention and control arms (50%, 4/8). The DISTALS trial excludes patients receiving IVT, while the DUSK trial and Tigertriever registry only enroll patients who are ineligible for IVT or for whom IVT failed to achieve reperfusion. DMVO studies exhibit notable heterogeneity in symptom onset duration thresholds for inclusion (<6 hours: 2 studies; <12 hours: 2 studies; <24 hours: 3 studies). Minor stroke trials employ similar inclusion criteria and outcome measures except for symptom duration thresholds for inclusion (8 hours for ENDOLOW and 23 hours for MOSTE).ConclusionsThere is considerable heterogeneity among active DMVO trials regarding potential target DMVO locations and time thresholds for inclusion based on the last known well time. Furthermore, our review indicates that the utility of aspiration thrombectomy in DMVOs and the advantages of MT without IVT over IVT alone will remain largely unexplored even after completion of active DMVO trials.
Genoprotective Potency of Vit C on Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) Nanoparticle-Mediated Toxicity, an In Vitro Study
Authors: Karimi Arezoo , Modanloo Mona , Barghi Nasrin Ghassemi , Shokrzadeh Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The potential of zinc oxide (ZnO) and iron oxide (Fe2O[Formula: see text] nanoparticles (NPs) to induce toxic effects, especially genotoxicity, has been demonstrated in previous studies and is in part related to the ability of NPs to produce ROS. The use of antioxidants is an effective method to reduce NP-induced genotoxicity. The aim of this study was to determine the protective role of vitamin C as a potent antioxidant in ZnO-and Fe2O3 NP-induced genotoxicity in the HGF-1 cell line. Methods: Different concentrations of ZnO and Fe2O3 NPs (50[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g, 100[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g, and 150[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL) were used to achieve the best concentration for further evaluation. HGF-1 cells were incubated with different concentrations of vitamin C 24[Formula: see text]h before the NPs. The cells were then exposed to ZnO and Fe2O3 NPs at a concentration of 100[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL for 1[Formula: see text]h. The possible genoprotective effects of vitamin C were determined using a comet assay. Results: The results of this study showed that all concentrations of vitamin C could reduce the DNA damage induced by ZnO and Fe2O3 NPs. Discussion: In conclusion, vitamin C could be considered a potent genoprotective agent against ZnO- and Fe2O3 NP-induced genotoxicity.
FSS-Tag
Authors: Chang Liqiong , Yang Xiaofeng , Liu Ruyue , Xie Guodong , Wang Fuwei , Wang Ju 
Published: January 2024

Material sensing is crucial in many emerging applications, such as waste classification and hazardous material detection. Although existing Radio Frequency (RF) signal based systems achieved great success, they have limited identification accuracy when either RF signals can not penetrate through a target or a target has different outer and inner materials.
This paper introduces a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) tag based high accuracy material identification system, namely FSS-Tag, which utilises both the penetrating signals and the coupling effect. Specifically, we design and attach a FSS tag to a target, and use frequency responses of the tag for material sensing, since different target materials have different frequency responses. The key advantage of our system is that, when RF signals pass through a target with the FSS tag, the penetrating signal responds more to the inner material, and the coupling effect (between the target and the tag) reflects more about the outer material; thus, one can achieve a higher sensing accuracy. The challenge lies in how to find optimal tag design parameters so that the frequency response of different target materials can be clearly distinguished. We address this challenge by establishing a tag parameter optimization model.
Real-world experiments show that FSS-Tag achieves more than 91% accuracy on identifying eight common materials, and improves the accuracy by up to 38% and 8% compared with the state of the art (SOTA) penetrating signal based method TagScan and the SOTA coupling effect based method Tagtag.