bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary novel alkaline protease from Bacillus licheniformis improves broiler meat nutritional value and modulates intestinal microbiota and metabolites
Authors: Yi Wuzhou , Liu Yanjie , Fu Shijun , Zhuo Jianshu , Wang Jiping , Shan Tizhong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Different types of exogenous protease supplements have a positive impact on animal performance, but their effects on the nutritional value of meat and the gut microbial community of broilers have not been extensively studied. The objective of this investigation was to determine the impact of supplementation with a novel alkaline protease derived from Bacillus licheniformis (at doses of 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g/t) on the fatty acid and amino acid profiles, inosine monophosphate (IMP) levels, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content found within the breast muscle, as well as the impact on the cecal microbiota and metabolites.

Results
Supplementation with 200–400 g/t of the novel protease resulted in a significant elevation in the concentration of essential amino acids (P < 0.001), flavor amino acids (P < 0.001), and total protein (P = 0.013) within the breast muscle. Results derived from the 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis of the cecal content revealed that the novel protease reshaped the cecal microbial and metabolite profiles. In particular, it led to increased relative abundances of Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Alistipes, and Eubacterium, while simultaneously causing a reduction in the metabolites of D-lactic acid and malonic acid. Moreover, correlation analyses unveiled significant relationships between distinct microbes and metabolites with the contents of IMP, fatty acids, and amino acids in the broiler's breast muscle.

Conclusion
In summary, the novel protease regulated the intestinal microbial community and metabolism, thereby inducing changes in the compositions of fatty acids and amino acids profiles, as well as IMP levels in broiler meat. These alterations significantly contributed to the enhancement of the nutritional value and flavor of the meat.

Graphical abstract
Association of Thyroid Dysfunction in Individuals ≥ 65 Years of Age With Subclinical Cardiac Abnormalities
Authors: Barasch Eddy , Gottdiener John , Buzkova Petra , Cappola Anne , Shah Sanjiv , DeFilippi Christopher , Gardin Julius , Kizer Jorge R 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
The relationship between thyroid dysfunction and measures of myocardial disease in older individuals remains to be defined.

Objective
To evaluate the impact of thyroid dysfunction on structure and function of the left heart chambers and blood markers of cardiac disease.

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of the Cardiovascular Health Study, a community-based cohort of older individuals recruited from 4 urban areas in the United States. Of 3163 participants studied, 2477 were euthyroid, 465 had subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), 47 overt hypothyroidism (OH), 45 endogenous (endo) subclinical hyperthyroidism (endo-SCT), and 129 had exogenous (exo) SCT due to thyroid hormone supplementation. Participants underwent clinical evaluation, blood sampling and biomarker measurement, 2-dimensional and speckle tracking echocardiography for assessment of left heart myocardial deformation, circulating biomarkers of diastolic overload (NT-proBNP), fibrosis (sST2, gal-3), and cardiomyocyte injury (hs-cTnT).

Results
SCH was associated with higher NT-proBNP (beta = 0.17, P = .004), whereas OH was associated with higher hs-cTnT (beta = 0.29, P = .005). There were also suggestive associations of SCH with higher sST2, as well as endo-SCT with higher gal-3 and lower (worse) left atrial reservoir strain. Left ventricular longitudinal strain and end diastolic strain rate did not differ significantly from euthyroid participants in SCH, OH, or exo-SCT.

Conclusion
In this free-living elderly cohort, subclinical and overt hypothyroidism were associated with abnormalities of blood biomarkers consistent with diastolic overload and myocardial necrosis respectively, whereas subclinical hyperthyroidism tended to be associated with myocardial fibrosis and decreased left atrial strain. Our findings could represent stage B heart failure and illuminate distinct aspects of the pathobiology of heart disease related to thyroid gland dysfunction with potential clinical implications.
Niemieckie przedsiębiorstwa i marki w sektorze motoryzacyjnym w Polsce
Authors: Dyba Wojciech , Stryjakiewicz Tadeusz 
Published: January 2024

Polska na przełomie XX i XXI wieku stała się miejscem lokalizacji wielu bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych w przemyśle, ze znaczącym udziałem firm produkujących części motoryzacyjne. Duże zmiany nastąpiły również na krajowym rynku samochodowym – auta upowszechniły się jako środek komunikacji indywidualnej. Istotną rolę w tych przemianach odegrały podmioty niemieckie. Celem artykułu jest analiza ich oddziaływania na polski sektor motoryzacyjny (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jego przestrzennego zróżnicowania), z dwojakiego punktu widzenia: a) skali i rozmieszczenia inwestycji produkcyjnych w tym sektorze, b) popularności niemieckich marek na polskim rynku samochodowym. Punktem wyjścia analizy, obok studiów literaturowych, było przygotowanie baz danych o zlokalizowanych w Polsce zakładach oraz zarejestrowanych samochodach. Ze względu na geograficzny charakter badań, podstawowymi metodami prezentacji danych oraz ich pogłębionej analizy i interpretacji były metody kartograficzne (mapa rozmieszczenia, kartogram). Badanie pozwoliło wykazać, że niemieckie firmy stanowią około 1/3 ogólnej liczby wszystkich przedsiębiorstw sektora motoryzacyjnego w Polsce, a samochody niemieckich marek około 1/3 wszystkich krajowych rejestracji samochodów. Analiza rozmieszczenia przestrzennego niemieckich inwestycji wskazuje, że znajdują się one głównie w Polsce południowo-zachodniej i zachodniej (województwa śląskie, dolnośląskie, wielkopolskie, lubuskie i zachodniopomorskie), co wynika z bliskości granicy z Niemcami, dostępności transportowej oraz siły roboczej (w tym wykwalifikowanej w przemyśle). Rejestracje niemieckich marek dominują w Polsce zachodniej i północnej, co silnie uwarunkowane jest importem samochodów używanych z Niemiec na tych obszarach.
Ankylosing Spondylitis: Review of Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Markowiak Szymon , Wardęszkiewicz Marta , Jabłońska Wiktoria , Kasprzak Amelia , Świercz Maciej , Truchta Monika , Mańkowska Aleksandra , Kolano Agata , Pejas Anna 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the spine and joints, leading to significant physical impairment. With a prevalence of 0.1-1.4%, AS holds significance in healthcare and socioeconomic contexts, therefore a thorough understanding is crucial for diagnosis and effective management. This article provides a current state of knowledge of the subject for clinicians and patients.

Review methods
English-language scientific literature found in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Wiley databases (2015-2023) was used for the review. Articles were searched based on keywords. Each article was analysed for knowledge currency and relevance for use in the review.

Description of the State of Knowledge
After searching the articles, 20 articles were selected for final analysis. The data collected provides the latest information on ankylosing spondylitis.The etiology of AS has a strong association with the HLA-B27 antigen and research is being conducted on the association with HLA-15, IL-1, IL-23R, ERAP-1 and ERAP-2. Clinical manifestations include a broad spectrum of symptoms involving the musculoskeletal, ocular, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and psychiatric systems. Specific diagnostic guidelines have been published by ASAS and EULAR. Treatment includes NSAID, GCS and biologic drug therapy.

Summary
AS, with its complex etiology and diverse clinical manifestations, presents a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. The variable prognosis and complex treatment in AS requires physicians to continually update their knowledge.Early diagnosis and treatment initiation can improve the patient's prognosis.
Telemanns Probe-Music für das Leipziger Thomaskantorat im Jahr 1722
Authors: Pfau Marc-Roderich 
Published: January 2024

Vergleiche auch: Friedrich Noack: Johann Seb. Bachs und Christoph Graupners Kompositionen zur Bewerbung um das Thomaskantorat in Leipzig 1722-23. BJ 1913, S. 145-162
Christoph Wolff: Bachs Leipziger Kantoratsprobe und die Aufführungsgeschichte "Du wahrer Gott und Davids Sohn" BWV 23. BJ 1978, S. 78-94
How Moroccan Film Destination Attracts More Tourists
Authors: ALHADDAR M’barek , KUMMITHA Harshavardhan Reddy 
Published: January 2024

With the different types of crises that the world was suffering from, management of a destination becomes more difficult than before, especially to develop the destination image. Many destinations are trying different ways to market their destinations, and one of those is the film industry. Film travel is considered a new fashion in visiting Morocco, and Essaouira is an attractive and sustainable destination. Motivating tourists to follow up the trend of travel with the film the DMO should use new ways of marketing, including sustainable projects, and taking care of the tourists’ perspectives. Several studies have confirmed the importance of film tourism in the destination image. The main objective of this study is to create a general process that can be used for any destination to make it an attractive and sustainable destination and to discover the importance of the film industry as a new way to market a destination and develop its image. Essaouira is the destination chosen for this study. Different research methods were used, an offline and online questionnaire with tourists and locals about their perspectives.
Research findings indicate that film tourism is a very important tool nowadays to promote a destination and will be very helpful to use it in the case of Essaouira. It is found that a lot of people got inspired by movies to travel, and in the case of this city, it is shown that film tourism along with sustainable tourism could improve the destination's reputation and affect the tourism sector positively.
Spiel, Spaß, … Vision!
Authors: Lotz Katinka , Soilihi Mzé Hassan 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Das kooperative und partizipative Entwickeln von Konzepten, Prozessen und Räumen gewinnt auch in Bibliotheken zunehmend an Bedeutung. Dabei stellt sich für Bibliotheksteams ebenso wie für veränderungswillige Verwaltungen die Frage, wie ebensolche Partizipationsprozesse möglichst breit und mit Blick auf Zeit und Geld zugleich ohne größeren Aufwand angestoßen werden können. Der Beitrag wendet sich dieser Frage zu und zeigt einerseits, weswegen der Einsatz von spielerischen Ansätzen hierbei grundsätzlich zu konstruktiven Lösungen beitragen kann. Andererseits stellt er mit dem hochdrei – Visionenspiel der Kulturstiftung des Bundes ein digitales Werkzeug vor, das ein solches Planspiel explizit für Bibliotheken entwirft.
Adsorption and recovery of Cr(vi) from wastewater by Chitosan–Urushiol composite nanofiber membrane
Authors: Jie Xiaoyu , Shiu Bing-Chiuan , Wu Huazhong , Zhang Yuchi , Ye Yuansong , Lin Chunxiang , Fang Run 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is widely used in the treatment of wastewater containing metal ions. However, the poor stability in acidic aqueous solutions severely limits its application in many practical scenarios. In this work, a CS-based composite nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning using urushiol, a natural biomaterial, as the cross-linking agent. The application of the CS-urushiol (CS-U) membrane in the adsorption and recovery of Cr(vi) in wastewater was systematically studied. The CS-U membrane showed great resistance to strongly acidic and oxidative environments, and the adsorption process combined two mechanisms of electrostatic attraction and redox reaction. Due to the nanoscale fibers, porous structure, and strong acid resistance, the CS-U membrane adsorbed Cr(vi) rapidly and efficiently in both batch and continuous modes. Moreover, the adsorption capacity and selectivity of the CS-U membrane for Cr(vi) could be maximized simultaneously by adjusting the solution pH, promoting the recovery of high-purity Cr2O3.
Experimental investigation on mechanical and tribological analysis of pineapple leaf (Ananas comosus) and sisal (Agave sisalana) fibers reinforced hybrid epoxy composites
Authors: Natarajan Ponnusamy , Mohanraj Manoharan , Kumar Murugesan , Sathish Selvaraj 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In many industrial applications, natural-fiber-reinforced polymer (NFRP) composites are emerging as a strong substitute for composites based on synthetic fibers. The goal of this study was to examine the mechanical and tribological characteristics, including tensile, flexural, impact, wear, hardness, and water absorption, of hybrid epoxy composites reinforced with pineapple leaf and sisal fibers at various weight fractions. First, 5 % sodium hydroxide was used to treat the pineapple leaf and sisal fibers. With a composition of 0, 10, 15, 20, and 30 wt% of pineapple leaf and sisal fibers to the epoxy resin and its hardener mixture, which had a constant weight ratio of 70 %, hybrid composites were fabricated using the compression moulding process. To create a hybrid epoxy composite reinforced with pineapple and sisal fiber, epoxy resin was used as the binder. Different types of testing were performed on the hybrid composites following ASTM standards. The outcomes were contrasted with composites made from mono-pineapple and sisal fiber composites. In comparison to other composite samples, the 15:15 composite sample exhibited the best mechanical and tribological qualities, including the highest tensile strength, impact resistance, flexural strength, hardness, water absorption resistance, and wear resistance. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the fiber/matrix adhesion was investigated. The 15:15 composite sample exhibits primarily mechanical and tribological properties, making the resultant composite material simpler to use in structural and automotive applications.
Artificial intelligence in paediatric endocrinology: conflict or cooperation
Authors: Dimitri Paul , Savage Martin O. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine is transforming healthcare by automating system tasks, assisting in diagnostics, predicting patient outcomes and personalising patient care, founded on the ability to analyse vast datasets. In paediatric endocrinology, AI has been developed for diabetes, for insulin dose adjustment, detection of hypoglycaemia and retinopathy screening; bone age assessment and thyroid nodule screening; the identification of growth disorders; the diagnosis of precocious puberty; and the use of facial recognition algorithms in conditions such as Cushing syndrome, acromegaly, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and Turner syndrome. AI can also predict those most at risk from childhood obesity by stratifying future interventions to modify lifestyle. AI will facilitate personalised healthcare by integrating data from ‘omics’ analysis, lifestyle tracking, medical history, laboratory and imaging, therapy response and treatment adherence from multiple sources. As data acquisition and processing becomes fundamental, data privacy and protecting children’s health data is crucial. Minimising algorithmic bias generated by AI analysis for rare conditions seen in paediatric endocrinology is an important determinant of AI validity in clinical practice. AI cannot create the patient–doctor relationship or assess the wider holistic determinants of care. Children have individual needs and vulnerabilities and are considered in the context of family relationships and dynamics. Importantly, whilst AI provides value through augmenting efficiency and accuracy, it must not be used to replace clinical skills.
Public Authority Liability for Careless Failure to Protect from Harm
Authors: Steel Sandy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article considers the UK Supreme Court decision in Michael v Chief Constable of South Wales Police. It explains the significance of the decision in terms of its affirmation of the principle that public authorities, in the case, the police, are subject to the same duties of care as private individuals in the tort of negligence. While offering some support for this ‘equality principle’, the article questions whether the principle is justifiably applied so as to restrict public authorities’ liability to that of private individuals.
STK11 (LKB1) mutation suppresses ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma by facilitating monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis
Authors: Zou Qiang , Tang Bo , Chen Xianchao , Zhang Chuang , Huang Yun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11), a tumor suppressor gene, exhibits frequent mutations in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the specific molecular mechanisms by which STK11 mutations exert an influence on the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and subsequently affect ferroptosis in LUAD remain indistinct. In this study, bioinformatic analysis was employed to probe into the linkage between STK11 and key inhibitory genes of ferroptosis, namely SLC7A11 and SCD1, in LUAD tissues. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was employed to assess the expression of STK11 in both wild-type and mutant STK11 LUAD cells, cell counting kit-8 to assess cell viability, and flow cytometry to detect apoptosis. A transmission electron microscope was utilized to observe mitochondrial morphology, and Western blot to ascertain the protein expression of STK11, ferroptosis-related proteins, and the enzyme SCD1 involved in MUFA synthesis. Oil red O staining was employed to test the distribution of lipid droplets in cancer cells, and a lipid quantification method to measure the content of MUFAs. Commercial kits were employed to assess the levels of lipid reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, glutathione, and Fe2+ in cells. The result revealed a negative correlation between STK11 and SLC7A11 as well as SCD1, with STK11 expression downregulated in mutant STK11 LUAD cells. Furthermore, STK11 mutations were found to suppress ferroptosis in LUAD cells by affecting MUFA synthesis. Subsequent rescue assays demonstrated that STK11 mutations hindered ferroptosis by impacting the synthesis of MUFAs in LUAD cells. This study provided evidence that STK11 mutations suppressed ferroptosis in LUAD cells by promoting MUFA synthesis, thus offering a novel research direction in the management of LUAD.
Association of SOX6 gene polymorphisms with Kashin-Beck disease risk in the Chinese Han population
Authors: He Na , Hong Aiwen , Zhao Kun , Zhang Zhefan , Wang Shengli , Jia Yaofei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic osteochondropathy. A specific gene called SRY-box transcription factor 6 (SOX6) is important for forming cartilage. This study aims to explore the potential correlation between SOX6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and KBD risk for the first time. In the case–control study, 735 unrelated Chinese Han individuals were enrolled. The four mutation sites of the SOX6 gene (rs4539287 G/A, rs3203295 C/A, rs7928675 C/A, and rs10832681 A/G) were screened and genotyped on the Agena MassARRAY platform. The correlation between SOX6 SNPs and KBD risk was explored based on logistic regression analysis. The interaction between SNP and SNP was analyzed based on the multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. Overall analysis revealed a remarkable correlation between rs7928675 and rs10832681 and the reduction of KBD risk (p < 0.05). Subgroup analyses further indicated that these two SNPs have a significant protective effect on KBD risk among participants aged ≤65 years, males, and non-smokers (p < 0.05). MDR displayed a marked interaction between rs3203295 and rs10832681. Our study revealed that SOX6 rs7928675 and rs10832681 are markedly correlated with a reduced risk of KBD in the Chinese Han population, providing a new direction for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of KBD.
Synthetic methodologies to access bioactive bis-coumarin scaffold: a recent progress
Authors: Bedi Pooja , Chaudhary Diksha , Bose Reshmi , Santra Soumava , Ansari Kashif R. , Kaur Rajbir , Pramanik Tanay , Sangtam Therola , Singh Ambrish 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Heterocyclics particularly those containing oxygen and nitrogen atoms are unique precursors for the synthesis of various agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Bis-coumarins are well-known oxygen-containing heterocycles of great significance. The development of methods to prepare bis-coumarins is of great interest in synthetic organic chemistry because of their versatile importance in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology. Bis-coumarins are well known for their antibiotic, antimicrobial, anti-HIV, and antitumor activity. Due to the vast application of bis-coumarins, the synthesis of these heterocycles has attracted huge interest from researchers. In this review, we have summarized the diverse synthetic routes of bis-coumarin synthesis making use of different catalysts and solvents under versatile reaction conditions.
ПОЛЬЩА У ПРОЦЕСІ ПРАКТИЧНОЇ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ГЕОПОЛІТИЧНИХ ПРОЕКТІВ У ЦЕНТРАЛЬНО-СХІДНІЙ ЄВРОПІ
Authors: KOROTKOV Dmytro , KUZ Oleh , KUZ Illia 
Published: January 2024

Польща є ключовим гравцем у регіоні Центрально-Східної Європи (ЦСЄ). Для України Польща стала стратегічним партнером та надає сприяння у реалізації наших європейських та євроатлантичних устремлінь. З 90-х рр. ХХ ст. офіційна Варшава успішно провела низку важливих реформ, реалізувала інтеграцію до НАТО та ЄС, в цілому провела зміну позицій країни у геостратегічному просторі від пострадянської держави Східної Європи до ключового гравця на Європейському континенті. Україна має розвивати активне співробітництво з Польщею, а дослідження витоків і розвитку зовнішньополітичної діяльності польської держави у новітню добу,розвитку регіональних проектів за її участі є надзвичайно актуальною проблематикою. Метою публікації є ретроспективний аналіз участі Польщі у реалізації окремих проектів у сфері безпекового та економічного співробітництва (НАТО, ЄС, Люблінський трикутник, Вишеградська група та ін.).Проблематика зовнішньої політики Польщі у різних її аспектах широко представлена у наукових дискусіях як в українському просторі так і регіональному та глобальному рівнях. І цьому є своє пояснення, оскільки Польща являє собою доволі важливого, якщо не визначного геополітичного гравця у ЦСЄ та Європі в цілому. В той же час відчувається брак публікацій присвячених практичній реалізації основних регіональних геополітичних проектів за участі офіційної Варшави. Також у процесі аналізу участі Польщі у регіональних проектах активно залучалися і міжнародні документи, угоди, комюніке, офіційні заяви голів держав та дипломатів, що дало широку джерельну базу приведеному дослідженню.Зміни які відбулися у Польщі після 1989 р. кардинально змінили геополітичні пріоритети цієї держави. Це вплинуло як на зовнішньополітичну доктрину так і на практичну реалізацію основних векторів зовнішньої політики офіційної Варшави. Інтеграція Польщі у європейські та євроатлантичні структури, пошук нового місця у змінених реаліях системи міжнародних відносин стали визначальними факторами, які і окреслили такі пріоритети.