bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential impact of decreasing relative humidity on photosynthesis under fluctuating light between maize and tomato
Authors: Shi Qi , Wang Xiao‐Qian , He Bin , Yang Ying‐Jie , Huang Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotosynthetic CO2 assimilation (AN) under fluctuating light (FL) plays a critical role in plant growth and crop yield. C4 crops usually reach greater yields than C3 crops when grown in regions with low relative humidity, which might be partly due to the CO2 concentration mechanism and higher AN under FL of C4 crops. To test this hypothesis, we measured gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence under different changing frequencies of FL at contrasting relative air humidity (60% and 15%) for leaves of maize (Zea mays, C4) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, C3). In general, a more rapid changing frequency of FL would cause a larger loss in AN during shade‐sun transitions, with 20–38% in maize and 16–52% in tomato. Low relative humidity induced a larger decrease of stomatal conductance (gs) under FL in tomato than in maize, leading to a much stronger loss in AN in tomato than in maize. After transition from low to high light, AN of maize was mainly limited by gs with negligible non‐stomatal limitation, and the stomatal limitation was slightly affected by relative humidity. By comparison, low relative humidity significantly increased the stomatal limitation of AN in tomato but hardly affected non‐stomatal limitation. These results highlight the differential impact of decreasing relative humidity on dynamic photosynthesis and productivity between C3 and C4 crops.
Multilevel analysis between Physcomitrium patens and Mortierellaceae endophytes explores potential long‐standing interaction among land plants and fungi
Authors: Mathieu Davis , Bryson Abigail E. , Hamberger Britta , Singan Vasanth , Keymanesh Keykhosrow , Wang Mei , Barry Kerrie , Mondo Stephen , Pangilinan Jasmyn , Koriabine Maxim , Grigoriev Igor V. , Bonito Gregory , Hamberger Björn 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARYThe model moss species Physcomitrium patens has long been used for studying divergence of land plants spanning from bryophytes to angiosperms. In addition to its phylogenetic relationships, the limited number of differential tissues, and comparable morphology to the earliest embryophytes provide a system to represent basic plant architecture. Based on plant–fungal interactions today, it is hypothesized these kingdoms have a long‐standing relationship, predating plant terrestrialization. Mortierellaceae have origins diverging from other land fungi paralleling bryophyte divergence, are related to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi but are free‐living, observed to interact with plants, and can be found in moss microbiomes globally. Due to their parallel origins, we assess here how two Mortierellaceae species, Linnemannia elongata and Benniella erionia, interact with P. patens in coculture. We also assess how Mollicute‐related or Burkholderia‐related endobacterial symbionts (MRE or BRE) of these fungi impact plant response. Coculture interactions are investigated through high‐throughput phenomics, microscopy, RNA‐sequencing, differential expression profiling, gene ontology enrichment, and comparisons among 99 other P. patens transcriptomic studies. Here we present new high‐throughput approaches for measuring P. patens growth, identify novel expression of over 800 genes that are not expressed on traditional agar media, identify subtle interactions between P. patens and Mortierellaceae, and observe changes to plant–fungal interactions dependent on whether MRE or BRE are present. Our study provides insights into how plants and fungal partners may have interacted based on their communications observed today as well as identifying L. elongata and B. erionia as modern fungal endophytes with P. patens.
A Comparative Study Between the Generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion- and First-Order Reliability Method-Based Formulations of Simulation-Based Control Co-Design
Authors: Behtash Mohammad , Alexander-Ramos Michael J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Reliability-based control co-design (RBCCD) formulations have been developed for the design of stochastic dynamic systems. To address the limitations of their current formulations, and to enable higher-fidelity solutions for complex problems, a novel reliability-based multidisciplinary feasible (MDF) formulation of multidisciplinary dynamic system design optimization (RB-MDF-MDSDO) and a new reliability analysis method using generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) expansion for RBCCD were developed in previous work. Although the gPC expansion method was initially selected for the reliability analysis of simulation-based RBCCD, its performance against state-of-the-art, the most-probable-point (MPP) method, has not been established yet. Therefore, in this work, the first-ever MPP-based formulations of RB-MDF-MDSDO are developed, and using two engineering test problems, the new formulations’ solution efficiency and accuracy are compared to those from the gPC-based formulation. Numerical results reveal that the gPC expansion method is marginally more accurate than the MPP algorithms, and therefore, it is more suitable for accuracy-sensitive applications. Conversely, the MPP algorithms are much more efficient, and thus, are more attractive for problems where solution efficiency is the priority.
Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument
Authors: Boldovskaia Aia , Teixeira Diogo S. , Silva Marlene N. , Carraça Eliana V. 
Published: January 2024

Background: The Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument (PPLI) has been the most adopted physical literacy instrument designed for adults to date, having been already translated to 5 languages. Still, despite its popularity, there is limited evidence of its psychometric properties. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt cross-culturally the PPLI to the Portuguese language and to analyze the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version in a sample of Portuguese-speaking adults. Methods: The study sample was composed of 434 participants (70% females) with a median age of 25 (18–39) years. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess psychometric properties of the scale. In addition, instrument assumptions between sexes through invariance testing were examined. Finally, concurrent validity, test–retest reliability, and test–retest agreement analyses were performed to gather additional evidence. Results: The results of the present study generally supported the measurement model. The 9-item, 3-factor model presented a good fit to the data and adequate construct validity (χ2 = 82.859 [24], P < .001, comparative-fit index = .948, Tucker–Lewis index = .922, standardized root mean square residual = .049, root mean square error of approximation = .075). In addition, the scale presented concurrent validity. Some issues arose with measurement invariance and overtime consistency. Conclusions: Considering the lack of validated instruments, we suggest a fair use of Portuguese version of PPLI to access physical literacy in adults. This study contributes to the validation of the PPLI by providing evidence of its psychometric properties in the Portuguese-speaking adult population and facilitates comparative analysis with previous and future studies utilizing the PPLI instrument.
Functional genetic characterization of stress tolerance and biofilm formation in
Nakaseomyces
(
Candida
)
glabrata
via a novel CRISPR activation system
Authors: Maroc Laetitia , Shaker Hajer , Shapiro Rebecca S. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

The overexpression of genes frequently arises in
Nakaseomyces
(formerly
Candida
)
glabrata
via gain-of-function mutations, gene duplication, or aneuploidies, with important consequences on pathogenesis traits and antifungal drug resistance. This highlights the need to develop specific genetic tools to mimic and study genetic amplification in this important fungal pathogen. Here, we report the development, validation, and applications of the first clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) activation (CRISPRa) system in
N. glabrata
for targeted genetic overexpression. Using this system, we demonstrate the ability of CRISPRa to drive high levels of gene expression in
N. glabrata
, and further assess optimal guide RNA targeting for robust overexpression. We demonstrate the applications of CRISPRa to overexpress genes involved in fungal pathogenesis and drug resistance and detect corresponding phenotypic alterations in these key traits, including the characterization of novel phenotypes. Finally, we capture strain variation using our CRISPRa system in two commonly used
N. glabrata
genetic backgrounds. Together, this tool will expand our capacity for functional genetic overexpression in this pathogen, with numerous possibilities for future applications.

IMPORTANCE

Nakaseomyces
(formerly
Candida
)
glabrata
is an important fungal pathogen that is now the second leading cause of candidiasis infections. A common strategy that this pathogen employs to resist antifungal treatment is through the upregulation of gene expression, but we have limited tools available to study this phenomenon. Here, we develop, optimize, and apply the use of CRISPRa as a means to overexpress genes in
N. glabrata
. We demonstrate the utility of this system to overexpress key genes involved in antifungal susceptibility, stress tolerance, and biofilm growth. This tool will be an important contribution to our ability to study the biology of this important fungal pathogen.
Impaired mobility and MRI markers of vascular brain injury: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities and UK Biobank studies
Authors: Sharma Richa , de Havenon Adam , Rivier Cyprien , Payabvash Seyedmehdi , Forman Rachel , Krumholz Harlan , Falcone Guido J , Sheth Kevin N , Kernan Walter N 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundVascular brain injury (VBI) may be an under-recognised contributor to mobility impairment. We examined associations between MRI VBI biomarkers and impaired mobility.MethodsWe separately analysed Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) and UK Biobank (UKB) study cohorts. Inclusion criteria were no prevalent clinical stroke, and available brain MRI and balance and gait data. MRI VBI biomarkers were (ARIC: ventricular and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes, non-lacunar and lacunar infarctions, microhaemorrhage; UKB: ventricular, brain and WMH volumes, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), intracellular and isotropic free water volume fractions). Quantitative biomarkers were categorised into tertiles. Mobility impairment outcomes were imbalance and slow walk in ARIC and recent fall and slow walk in UKB. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsWe included 1626 ARIC (mean age 76.2 years; 23.4% imbalance, 25.0% slow walk) and 40 098 UKB (mean age 55 years; 15.8% falls, 2.8% slow walk) participants. In ARIC, imbalance associated with four of five VBI measures (all p values<0.05), most strongly with WMH (adjusted OR, aOR 1.64; 95% CI 1.18 to 2.29). Slow walk associated with four of five VBI measures, most strongly with WMH (aOR 2.32; 95% CI 1.66 to 3.24). In UKB, falls associated with all VBI measures except WMH, most strongly with FA (aOR 1.16; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.24). Slow walking associated with WMH, FA and MD, most strongly with FA (aOR 1.57; 95% CI 1.32 to 1.87).ConclusionsVBI is associated with mobility impairment in community-dwelling, clinically stroke-free cohorts. Consequences of VBI may extend beyond clinically apparent stroke to include mobility.
Closing the gap: improving the percentage of Annual Wellness Visits among Medicare patients
Authors: O'Laughlin Danielle , Martin Andrew , Curran Sean , Perry Joshua , Hurley Vincent , Costello Colleen , Wingo Majken , Olson Rachel , Strelow Brittany 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe Medicare Annual Wellness Visit (AWV) allows providers to acquire critical information about patients’ health through a review of vitals, environmental risks, and medical and family history. These visits are free to those enrolled in Medicare and prioritize patient–provider relationship building and preventative care. Despite this, AWV completion rates are suboptimal.MethodsA quality improvement project was aimed to increase the percentage of AWVs among Medicare patients in a primary care internal medicine practice from a baseline of 1.7% completion to 2.7% in 3 months from January to April 2023.InterventionWith eligible patients identified, a standardized approach was created where an AWV appointment was ordered, and a patient message explaining the benefit of the appointment was sent by the patient portal.ResultsOur AWV intervention resulted in 72 patients being seen for an AWV, which increased the percentage of completed AWVs in the division by 2.1% from 1.7% to 3.8% in 3 months.ConclusionThis intervention will continue to improve AWV rates and improve patient care for Medicare patients in internal medicine. It could be applied to other areas of primary care and within other health systems.
Present-day kinematics of the northwest Moroccan Atlantic Margin from GNSS data: west southwest extrusion at the western end of the High Atlas
Authors: Lakhouidsi Khalid , Fadil Abdelali , Tahayt Abdelilah , Soulaimani Abderrahmane 
Published: January 2024

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has emerged as a practical and effective technique for studying slow and steady geodynamic movements, enabling continuous monitoring and precise quantification of deformation over different timescales. In Morocco, a network of GNSS stations has been established, offering valuable insights into tectonic processes. This paper focuses on investigating the geodynamic motion of the northwest Moroccan Atlantic Margin. By utilizing GNSS data, subsidence rates and horizontal velocity fields were determined for the first time, providing valuable information for oil and gas exploration activities. The study reveals an active uplift rate of 1 mm/year and a westward horizontal motion of 2.04 mm/year in the Essaouira segment. The paper presents a case study of the Essaouira–Agadir basin (EAB) onshore segment and investigates the anomalous displacement observed in this region compared to other coastal GNSS stations. Possible explanations for the observed movements include local processes such as salt tectonics and regional northwest–southeast compression related to Africa–Eurasia convergence. We suggest that the anomalous movement detected in this work is due to the regional northwest–southeast compression related to Africa–Eurasia convergence imparting an extrusion of the EAB to the west. This research contributes to a better understanding of the geodynamics in the northwest Moroccan Atlantic margin, thereby providing valuable insights for ongoing efforts in oil and gas exploration. Furthermore, it indicates the continued activity of the Agadir fault, which would exhibit a sinistral wrench movement, thus posing a threat to the city of Agadir and its inhabitants.
Between Piano and Forte: Hearing
with Aids
Authors: Ting Olivia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The author connects reviving her piano practice after a 20-year hiatus with her deaf right ear “learning” to hear again with a cochlear implant. She touches upon parallels between the physiology of the instrument and her own body, and how they inform the inquiry for her Leonardo CripTech Incubator/Thoughtworks Arts residency project Song Without Words.
Pistis and Apodeixis: On the Disputed Interpretation of Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.1, 1355a5-6
Authors: Dow Jamie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
‘We are convinced most of all whenever we take something to have been demonstrated’ (1355a5-6). The meaning and significance of this claim is a key point of dispute between those who take Aristotle’s project in the Rhetoric to be defending his distinctively argument-centred kind of rhetoric on the grounds that it is most persuasively effective, and those for whom he does so on the more normatively-charged grounds that this is the most valuable kind of rhetoric, and best delivers rhetoric’s distinctive benefits to civic communities. On the interpretation defended, the claim links being convinced (πιστεύειν) and the things that get us convinced (πίστεις) to the kind of epistemic merits possessed above all by demonstrations. This saves Aristotle from an implausible generalisation about the persuasive supremacy of deductive arguments. Since πίστεις are clearly central to Aristotelian rhetoric, this interpretation also lends support to the more normative understanding of Aristotle’s project overall.
Statues, Roads, and Money
Authors: McGraw Claire 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The differences between the narratives about Augustus’ silver statues in Cassius Dio, Augustus himself, and Suetonius are better explained in the context of gift-debt and gift-exchange rather than focusing on cult alone. Whereas Suetonius and Augustus emphasize Augustus’ correction of the statues as a pious act and a statement on imperial honors, Dio overlooks honors and gods, instead revealing how the statues funded road repairs. In his history, Dio adapts the narrative to underscore the gap between the reality and the appearance of events: here, the exchange of statues for monetary gifts in Augustan Rome. Augustus, treating the statues as a gift, transforms them into something greater for the people’s benefit. The connection between the statues, the roads, and the money appears elsewhere in the two earlier narratives, but Dio alone links the gift-exchange of statues for money to Augustus’ ‘gift’ of roads.
No Animals Were Harmed in the Playing of This Game: Hunting Ethics in Virtual Space
Authors: Baerg Andrew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This essay surveys the literature on digital games and ethics to address the ways in which ethics are mediated in video games. It then considers the limited scholarship engaging the intersections of digital games and nonhuman animals. The essay uses this literature to perform a textual analysis of theHunter: Call of the Wild as a case study contributing to broader discussions of the mediation of nonhuman animals in digital games. The paper specifically focuses on the game’s mediation of an ethics of hunting. The game’s missions mediate hunting anthropocentrically, while its rules represent a hunting style that is in accordance with the hunting community’s self-proclaimed care for nonhuman animals. The essay thereby makes a contribution to the meager research on the relationship between human and nonhuman animals in digital games.
Non-aligned!
Authors: Darkwa Linda , Attuquayefio Philip 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Africa’s stance on the Russian-Ukraine war has elicited censure from the West, resulting in diplomatic bruises at the multilateral level. Efforts by the NATO countries to utilise multilateral fora, such as the United Nations, to generate unanimous condemnation of Russia and the application of diplomatic pressure bilaterally have not yielded the expected outcome. We argue that without a clear strategy to support the mitigation of the fallouts of the conflict in African countries, the West’s expectation of Africa’s alignment with its interpretation of collective security is, at best idealistic. By mapping out the rationale for Africa’s position as expressed by individual member states and the African Union, we argue that Africa’s non-aligned position is not a deviation from the Charter principles but rather a pragmatic strategy for mitigating its vulnerabilities against the fallouts of the conflict.
Improving Afternoon Thunderstorm Prediction over Complex Terrain with the Assimilation of Dense Ground-Based Observations: Four Cases in the Taipei Basin
Authors: Yang Shu-Chih , Chang Yi-Pin , Cheng Hsiang-Wen , Lin Kuan-Jen , Tsai Ya-Ting , Hong Jing-Shan , Li Yu-Chi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the impact of assimilating densely distributed Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) zenith total delay (ZTD) and surface station (SFC) data on the prediction of very short-term heavy rainfall associated with afternoon thunderstorm (AT) events in the Taipei basin. Under weak synoptic-scale conditions, four cases characterized by different rainfall features are chosen for investigation. Experiments are conducted with a 3-h assimilation period, followed by 3-h forecasts. Also, various experiments are performed to explore the sensitivity of AT initialization. Data assimilation experiments are conducted with a convective-scale Weather Research and Forecasting–local ensemble transform Kalman filter (WRF-LETKF) system. The results show that ZTD assimilation can provide effective moisture corrections. Assimilating SFC wind and temperature data could additionally improve the near-surface convergence and cold bias, further increasing the impact of ZTD assimilation. Frequently assimilating SFC data every 10 min provides the best forecast performance especially for rainfall intensity predictions. Such a benefit could still be identified in the earlier forecast initialized 2 h before the start of the event. Detailed analysis of a case on 22 July 2019 reveals that frequent assimilation provides initial conditions that can lead to fast vertical expansion of the convection and trigger an intense AT. This study proposes a new metric using the fraction skill score to construct an informative diagram to evaluate the location and intensity of heavy rainfall forecast and display a clear characteristic of different cases. Issues of how assimilation strategies affect the impact of ground-based observations in a convective ensemble data assimilation system and AT development are also discussed.

Significance Statement
In this study, we investigate the impact of frequently assimilating densely distributed ground-based observations on predicting four afternoon thunderstorm events in the Taipei basin. While assimilating GNSS-ZTD data can improve the moisture fields for initializing convection, assimilating surface station data improves the prediction of rainfall location and intensity, particularly when surface data are assimilated at a very high frequency of 10 min.