bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation and experimental study of three-phase distribution characteristics of leaked light non-aqueous phase liquid from buried pipelines in soils containing groundwater and gas
Authors: Yang Jie , Jiang Wenming , Liu Yang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Leakage accidents of buried pipelines have become increasingly common due to the prolonged service of some pipelines which have been in use for more than 150 years. Therefore, there is an urgent need for accurate prediction of pollution scope to aid in the development of emergency remediation strategies. This study investigated the distribution of a light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) in soils containing gas and water through numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. Firstly, a three-dimensional porous medium model was established using ANSYS FLUENT, and for the first time, the distribution of gas and groundwater in soil environments was simulated in the model. Subsequently, the distribution of the three phases of diesel, gas, and water in soil was studied with different leakage velocities and it was found that the leakage velocity played a significant role in the distribution. The areas of diesel in soils at 60 minutes were 0.112 m2, 0.194 m2, 0.217 m2, and 0.252 m2, with corresponding volumes of 0.028 m3, 0.070 m3, 0.086 m3, and 0.106 m3, respectively, for leakage velocities of 1.3 m/s, 3.4 m/s, 4.6 m/s, and 4.9 m/s. Calculation formulas for distribution areas and volumes were also developed to aid in future prevention and control strategies under different leakage velocities. The study also compared the distribution areas and volumes of diesel in soils with and without groundwater, and it was found that distribution scopes were larger in soils containing groundwater due to capillary force. In order to validate the accuracy of the numerical simulation, laboratory experiments were conducted to study the diffusion of oil, gas, and water under different leakage velocities. The results showed good agreement between the experiments and the simulations. The research findings are of great significance for preventing soil pollution and provide a theoretical basis for developing scientifically sound soil remediation strategies.
Algorithm for Correlation Diagnosis in Multivariate Process Quality Based on Optimal Typical Correlated Component Pairs Group
Authors: Niu Qing , Cheng Shujie , Qiu Zeyang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Correlation diagnosis in multivariate process quality management is an important and challenging issue. In this paper, a new approach based on the optimal typical correlated component pairs group (OTCCPG) is proposed. Firstly, theorem of correlation decomposition is proved to decompose the correlation of all the quality components as serial correlations of component pairs, and then according to the transitivity of correlations of component pairs, the decomposition result is represented by a correlation set of typical correlated component pairs. Finally, algorithm of OTCCPG based on the maximum correlation spanning tree (MCST) is proposed, and T2 control charts to monitor the correlations of component pairs in OTCCPG are established to form the correlation diagnosis system. Theoretical analysis and practice prove that the proposed method could reduce the space complexity of the diagnosis system greatly.
A Survey of Nurses' Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses towards patients with dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: A Prospective Multicentre Study
Authors: Yu Chen , Chunmei Luo , Caiping Song 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses towards patients with dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery and provide recommendations for management and intervention.
Method
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 894 orthopaedic nurses from 36 tertiary hospitals in Chongqing using a questionnaire. The questionnaire included general information and knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to the management of dysphagia after anterior cervical surgery.
Results
The total score of the questionnaire on dysphagia among orthopaedic nurses after anterior cervical spine surgery was 30 points, and the survey score was 16.1 ± 3.640 points. The total score of the attitude questionnaire was 40 points, and the survey score was 32.5 ± 4.623 points. The total score of the nursing behaviour questionnaire was 60 points, and the survey score was 43.6 ± 11.513 points. There was a statistically significant difference in the scores of dysphagia knowledge among orthopaedic nurses with different educational backgrounds and regarding whether they participated in training and whether they actively sought knowledge related to swallowing disorders (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the knowledge, belief, and behaviour scores of neurological nurses and swallowing disorders after stroke (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Targeted knowledge and skills training should be carried out to improve the rules and regulations for dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery. Multidisciplinary team cooperation is needed, and dietary service processes and management standards should be improved to improve the management ability of orthopaedic nurses for dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery.
Newton-type Methods with the Proximal Gradient Step for Sparse Estimation
Authors: Shimmura Ryosuke , Suzuki Joe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose new methods to efficiently solve convex optimization problems encountered in sparse estimation, which include a new quasi-Newton method that avoids computing the Hessian matrix and improves efficiency, and we prove its fast convergence. We also prove the local convergence of the Newton method under the assumption of strong convexity. Our proposed methods offer a more efficient and effective approach, particularly for \textmd{$L_1$} regularization and group regularization problems, as they involve variable selection with each update. Through numerical experiments, we demonstrate the efficiency of our methods in solving problems encountered in sparse estimation. Our contributions include theoretical guarantees and practical applications for various problems.
Presentation of a new decision-making plan for prioritizing the rehabilitation of sustainable groundwater resources (case study: 9 aflaj of Oman)
Authors: Mohtashami Ali , Al-Ghafri Abdullah , Al-Abri Zahra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This research for the first time, presents a plan for the rehabilitation of aflaj systems in Oman from a technical point of view. Using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in Expert Choice software. Nine famous aflaj systems in Oman were prioritized based on indicators including length, population, precipitation, discharge, quality, distance from the river network, cultivated area, and soil permeability. A snowball method for selecting participants was used, and a 28-item questionnaire was engaged to assess the relative importance of nine criteria when choosing the prior falaj. A scientific method is applied in a new case in this study to prioritize the aflaj for rehabilitation, and the method applied in this research enables to prioritize them to achieve the desired goal. The AHP method prioritizes the falaj Daris as the first ranking, based on the technical perspectives, with a relative value of 0.222. Findings show that in an equal condition, among these nine aflaj, it would be better that water decision-makers assign the budget to falaj Daris for rehabilitation aims.
Biomarker of Pulmonary Inflammatory Response in LUAD: miR-584-5p
Targets RAB23 to Suppress Inflammation Induced by LPS in A549 Cells
Authors: Yang Enyu , Hong Yinuo , Xuan Cheng , Xu Juan , Ding Qianyun , Zhao Shuo , Ye Haihan , Fan Xiaowei , Jiang Zhenggang , Zhang Siquan , Ding Xianfeng 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Pulmonary inflammatory response (PIR) is one of the prognostic risk
factors of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), with a high mortality rate.

Objective:
This study aims to investigate prognostic microRNA (miRNA) to improve clinical
prognosis prediction and postoperative inflammation treatment in LUAD patients.

Methods:
About 201 differentially expressed microRNAs (DE-miRNAs) in LUAD were mined by
differential analysis. Univariate/multivariate Cox analyses established and validated prognostic risk
miRNAs in TCGA-LUAD. KEGG and GO were used to link risk signatures and biological
functions. After 48 hours of exposure to 50 ng/mL LPS, the miR-584-5p/RAB23 regulatory
network was verified in qRT-PCR, Western Blotting, and the Luciferase Reporter Assay in A549
cells.

Results:
MiR-584-5p and miR-101-3p were validated as riskscore correlated with LUAD patients’
1-year survival (p < 0.001) and participate in multiple inflammation-related pathways. RAB23, a
RAS oncogene, is involved in inflammatory MAPK signaling. Evidence suggests that miR-584-5p
regulates inflammation in LUAD by targeting RAB23. A549 cells were transfected with the mimic
and inhibitor of miR-584-5p, confirming the negative regulatory relationship between miR-584-5p
and RAB23. In the A549 induced by LPS, either over-expression of miR-584-5p or knock-down of
RAB23 expression decreased the expression of inflammatory factors and increased cell viability.

Conclusion:
Prognostic-related risk miR-584-5p can regulate the expression of RAB23 at both the
mRNA and protein levels, thereby influencing the development of a PIR in LUAD. This will have
significant implications for the clinical prognosis prediction and therapy decision-making of LUAD
patients with PIR.
Evaluation of Remodeling and Extrusion of Polyurethane Meniscal Implants
after Meniscus Reconstruction using Ultrasonography
Authors: Poboży Tomasz , Konarski Wojciech , Poboży Kamil , Domańska Julia , Konarska Klaudia 
Published: November 2023

Introduction::
Meniscal tears are among the most common indications for knee arthroscopy. Artificial polyurethane scaffolds have demonstrated efficacy in
reducing pain and promoting the growth of normal meniscal tissue, with high absorption rates facilitating full tissue regeneration.

Aims::
This study aimed to evaluate the remodeling of polyurethane meniscal implants post-reconstruction using ultrasonography. This imaging technique
not only assesses changes in implant properties, such as echogenicity, but also the shape changes during functional examination.

Methods::
The assessment of meniscal extrusion, comparing size at rest and under weight-bearing, is an indirect parameter that provides insight into the
physical properties of the remodeling implant, with greater extrusion indicating reduced stiffness and inferior physical properties of the meniscus.
Ultrasonography has the valuable advantage of allowing for assessment of the blood supply to the meniscus through Power Doppler imaging.

Results::
The presence of vessels within the meniscal implants serves as evidence of ongoing remodeling. The study included 35 patients (13 female, 22
male; mean age 41.6 years, range 18-66) who underwent arthroscopic meniscal reconstruction with polyurethane implants, with an average time
from surgery of 2.8 years (range 0.3-4.5 years). Results showed complete (29.7%), significant (45.9%), or moderate (16.2%) remodeling into
natural meniscal tissue in 91.8% of the implants.

Conclusion::
The mean values of extrusion in the supine position and during 90-degree flexion were significantly greater in the operated limb (2.603) compared
to the contralateral limb (1.978; t(35) = 2.442; P < 0.05). No significant differences in extrusion were found between the limbs in a standing
position, indicating favorable physical properties of the polyurethane meniscal implants. Further ultrasonography studies of meniscal scaffolds are
deemed relevant.
Exploring the Use of YouTube as a Pathology Learning Tool and Its Relationship With Pathology Scores Among Medical Students: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alzoubi Hiba , Karasneh Reema , Irshaidat Sara , Abuelhaija Yussuf , Abuorouq Saleh , Omeish Haya , Daromar Shrouq , Makhadmeh Naheda , Alqudah Mohammad , Abuawwad Mohammad T , Taha Mohammad J J , Baniamer Ansam , Abu Serhan Hashem 
Published: November 2023

Background
YouTube is considered one of the most popular sources of information among college students.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the use of YouTube as a pathology learning tool and its relationship with pathology scores among medical students at Jordanian public universities.

Methods
This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study included second-year to sixth-year medical students from 6 schools of medicine in Jordan. The questionnaire was distributed among the students using social platforms over a period of 2 months extending from August 2022 to October 2022. The questionnaire included 6 attributes. The first section collected demographic data, and the second section investigated the general use of YouTube and recorded material. The remaining 4 sections targeted the participants who used YouTube to learn pathology including using YouTube for pathology-related content.

Results
As of October 2022, 699 students were enrolled in the study. More than 60% (422/699, 60.4%) of the participants were women, and approximately 50% (354/699, 50.6%) were second-year students. The results showed that 96.5% (675/699) of medical students in Jordan were using YouTube in general and 89.1% (623/699) were using it as a source of general information. YouTube use was associated with good and very good scores among the users. In addition, 82.3% (575/699) of medical students in Jordan used YouTube as a learning tool for pathology in particular. These students achieved high scores, with 428 of 699 (61.2%) students scoring above 70%. Most participants (484/699, 69.2%) reported that lectures on YouTube were more interesting than classic teaching and the lectures could enhance the quality of learning (533/699, 76.3%). Studying via YouTube videos was associated with higher odds (odds ratio [OR] 3.86, 95% CI 1.33-11.18) and lower odds (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.8) of achieving higher scores in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system courses, respectively. Watching pathology lectures on YouTube was related to a better chance of attaining higher scores (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.08-3.57). Surprisingly, spending more time watching pathology videos on YouTube while studying for examinations corresponded with lower performance, with an OR of 0.46 (95% CI 0.26-0.82).

Conclusions
YouTube may play a role in enhancing pathology learning, and aiding in understanding, memorization, recalling information, and obtaining higher scores. Many medical students in Jordan have positive attitudes toward using YouTube as a supplementary pathology learning tool. Based on this, it is recommended that pathology instructors should explore the use of YouTube and other emerging educational tools as potential supplementary learning resources.
The Primary Prevention of Poststroke Epilepsy in Patients With Middle Cerebral Artery Infarct: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Yu-Shiue , Sung Pi-Shan , Lai Ming-Chi , Huang Chin-Wei 
Published: November 2023

Background
Poststroke epilepsy poses a significant clinical challenge for individuals recovering from strokes, leading to a less favorable long-term outlook and increased mortality rates. Existing studies have primarily concentrated on administering antiseizure or anticonvulsant treatments only after the onset of late-onset seizures, without intervening during the epileptogenesis phase following a stroke.

Objective
This research protocol is designed to conduct a randomized controlled trial to assess whether the early, preventive introduction of low-dose antiepileptic drug therapy (levetiracetam [LEV] or perampanel [PER]) in patients who have experienced middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction can reduce the risk of developing poststroke epilepsy (primary prevention).

Methods
Participants with MCA infarction, either with or without reperfusion treatments, will be recruited and promptly receive preventive intervention within 72 hours of the stroke occurrence. These participants will be randomly assigned to receive either PER (4 mg per day), LEV (1000 mg per day), or a placebo that matches the active drugs. This treatment will continue for 12 weeks after allocation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging will be used to confirm the presence of MCA territory infarction, and an electroencephalography will be used to ensure the absence of epileptiform discharges or electrographic seizures at the time of the stroke. All participants will undergo follow-up assessments for 72 weeks after allocation.

Results
The primary outcome under evaluation will be the incidence of poststroke epilepsy in the 3 groups following the 18-month study period. Secondary outcomes will encompass the time to the occurrence of the first seizure, the severity of seizures, any treatment-related adverse events, and the modified Rankin scale score at 3 and 18 months. Exploratory outcomes will involve comparing the effectiveness and safety of PER and LEV.

Conclusions
We anticipate that the intervention groups will experience a lower incidence and reduced severity of poststroke epilepsy compared to the control group after 18 months. We aim to establish evidence supporting the potential preventive effects of LEV and PER on poststroke seizures and epilepsy in patients with MCA infarction, as well as to explore the antiepileptogenic potential of both LEV and PER in patients with major ischemic strokes.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04858841; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04858841

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/49412
Phytotoxicity activities and chemical composition of the seed essential oil of Monodora myristica
Authors: Awojide Shola H. , Ajayi T. Mercy , Oyewole Kehinde Adenike , Adeyemo Abayomi G. , Fadunmade Olumide E. , Adebayo E. Adeleke , Abdullahi M. Tolani 
Published: November 2023

The phytotoxic effect of essential oil from African nutmeg (Monodora myristica) seeds on growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L)., maize (Zea mays), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) was examined. Essential oil from the seeds of M. myristica was extracted by hydrodistillation. The essential oil’s composition was examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The phytotoxicity of the essential oil formulation at different concentrations for five days was evaluated on the leaves and roots. The activity was ascertained by estimating the shoots’ and the roots’ lenght. The result of GC-MS showed α–phellandrene (43.2%) as the essential oil's main constituent. The essential oil reduced the growth of the root and shoot of tomato, maize, and cowpea. At 4 mL/L treatment, the percentage inhibition of roots ranged from 63.8 to 75.4% after five days, while that of the shoot was 100% after three days. A varying toxicity was reported on the leaves of the seedlings of the plants after 24 hours. Phytotoxic was more potent on the leaves of cowpea and lowest in tomato. Phototoxic activity was also noted when essential oil was administered to the Seedling’s roots. The three species showed notable phytotoxicity when exposed to the essential oil of M. myristica.
Differences in Management of Medical Services from Family Medicine Offices in Rural/Urban Environments
Authors: Vladu Gabriel Geanini 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The most important elements of this study were related to the management of the family medicine office and the endowment of the family medicine office. It is a prospective study, carried out on 22 family medicine offices in Constanța county. As a case study, we highlighted the economic aspects of some optional equipment that can be brought into a cabinet, namely: the cost of the equipment, the cost of operation, the price at which it should work so that the investment is profitable and last but not least, the benefits the community that enjoys the respective medical services, the socio-economic impact and on health.
Scientific documentation was used, by extracting information about the topic that is the subject of the research, a survey, to discuss with as many family doctors as possible to obtain essential data, clinical-medical scientific research of the most frequent pathologies from the patient list and the method statistical recording, processing and graphical representation of data.
The purpose of this paper is to study the current state of family medicine offices, the optional equipment they have, the optional equipment found in rural/urban offices, as well as the economic advantage that the family doctor could have depending on these areas.
Evaluation of Respiratory Rehabilitation in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Dimofte Georgiana-Cornelia , Ciobotaru Camelia , Iliescu Mădălina-Gabriela , Albadi Irina , Lupu Andreea-Alexandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (spondylos = vertebra, ankylos = curved) is an inflammatory disease with predominant axial skeletal involvement and obligatory sacroiliac joint involvement, capable of affecting, with varying frequency and severity, peripheral joints and may also have extra-articular determinations. The main motivation of this study is the desire to demonstrate that there is a close relationship between respiratory muscle performance and exercise capacity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. The methodological approach of the study consisted of a group of 21 patients. Statistical analysis was based on patient characteristics such as age, weight, height, body mass index, and thoracic expansion was measured. For the correct individualization of rehabilitation programs, the clinical form (with thoracic hyperkyphosis or straight spine), the age of the disease, the peripheral joints affected, the stage of injury, the degree of reducibility of the vicious attitudes, the impairment of thoracic breathing, the type of occupational spinal demands, the general condition and associated diseases will be taken into account. The results obtained proved that the application of respiratory physiotherapy procedures, based on the diagnosis, needs and limitations of the patients, correlated with tests to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of the recovery process, shows an increase in abdominal muscle strength that is not statistically significant. The 2-week rehabilitation cure is insufficient to modulate respiratory function and increase respiratory muscle strength. The subjective appreciation given by patients to the cure is due to other physiological changes produced by the rehabilitation cure such as: softening of connective and muscle structures, muscle relaxation.
Approximation properties of a discrete operator
Authors: Anjali  
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the present research, we estimate some approximation properties for the generalization of a sequence of positive linear operators considered by Holhoş [6] with the following operators available in literature as special examples: Szàsz operator, Ismail-May operator associated with x(1 + x)2. We estimate its recurrence relation, moments and verify the same for its particular cases. Finally, we graphically compare the convergence of this new general operator for a continuous function, examine the convergence for each instance, and come to a conclusion regarding which scenario provides the best approximation.
Properties of the coefficients of an integral operator
Authors: Pârva Oana M. , Breaz Daniel V. , Owa Shigeyoshi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we determine properties of the coefficients of the integral operator Gα

1, α2,...,αn,β . We want to see if some results obtained on the interior unit disk can be extended on the exterior unit disk, so we make use of the usual transformation

g

(
z
)

=

1

f

(

1
z

)

g\left( z \right) = {1 \over {f\left( {{1 \over z}} \right)}}

.