bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subthreshold micropulse green laser versus yellow laser in the treatment for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Zeinalabdeen Mohamad G. , El Rayes Ehab , Genaidy Mahmoud , Khattab Ayman , Abdullatif Abdussalam M. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aimed to compare the functional and anatomical outcomes of the subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (SMYL) (577 nm wavelength) to the subthreshold micropulse green laser (SMGL) (532 nm wavelength) as a therapeutic option in the treatment of serous retinal detachment secondary to chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Patients and methods
This is a clinical interventional comparative prospective study that included 40 eyes of 40 patients with chronic CSCR for more than 3 months with neurosensory serous detachment. The eyes were equally randomized to either SMYL or SMGL (20 eyes in each group). The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal optical coherence tomography were assessed during the study’s 6-month follow-up period.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference in the baseline patient characteristics. There was a remarkable anatomical [80% had resolution of subretinal fluid (SRF)] and functional success (80% had improvement in BCVA) in the treated eyes. The maximal retinal height in the SRF-containing area improved significantly from 399±120 to 249±45 µm (P=0.000) and from 473±129 to 247±32 µm (P=0.000) at the final follow-up in the yellow and green laser groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.061). The BCVA improved significantly from 0.37±0.19 to 0.74±0.33 (P=0.000) and from 0.48±0.32 to 0.83±0.19 (P=0.000) in the yellow and green laser groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.824).

Conclusion
Both SMYL and SMGL modalities worked equivalently and achieved the same percentage of resolution of SRF and improvement of BCVA in chronic CSCR.
Optical coherence tomography angiography findings in hypertensive patients
Authors: El Sheikh Khaled A. , El-Koumy Hamdy A. , Wasfy Tamer , Nawar Amin E. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study was designed to assess the macular retinal and choroidal microvascular abnormalities in hypertensive patients with hypertensive retinopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).

Patients and methods
This is a prospective cross-sectional study that was conducted on 60 eyes of 60 hypertensive patients diagnosed with hypertensive retinopathy and 20 eyes of 20 normal healthy controls. Swept source optical coherence tomography was performed to assess the retinal and choroidal thickness in the foveal, parafoveal, and perifoveal areas in the different quadrants. In addition, swept source optical coherence tomography angiography was performed to assess the foveal avascular zone in the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus levels using 3×3 mm scan, and to assess the vascular density index in the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus, along with choriocapillaris levels using 3×3 mm and 6×6 mm scans.

Results
The hypertensive patients showed statistically significantly lower choroid thickness and volume compared to the control group in all quadrants (P<0.001). A significant enlargement of the foveal avascular zone was observed in hypertensive group in the superficial and deep retinal plexus levels (P<0.001). The vascular density index in all retinal layers (superficial, deep retinal capillary plexus, and choriocapillaris levels) was significantly lower in the hypertensive group compared to the control group (P<0.001).

Conclusion
Lower vascular perfusion was detected in the hypertensive patients in the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus levels, along with the choriocapillaris level.
Assessing the Lifestyle-related Determinants among Employees Working in the IT Sector of Pune City
Authors: Mahajan Anu , Desai Ishwa Prerak , Muley Arti 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
The rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Indian IT professionals is concerning due to prolonged sitting, sedentary work hours, irregular sleep, limited diet variety, excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods, and heightened stress. This study aimed to assess lifestyle determinants in the IT population to predict future NCD risks.

Methods and Materials:
A cross-sectional study with 208 participants aged 21-60 years was conducted in Pune. Ethical approval and consent were obtained. Data from various IT sectors used a modified questionnaire incorporating Perceived Stress and IPAQ scales and inquiries on sleep patterns, BMI, ultra-processed food consumption, and substance use.

Results:
The participants had a mean age of 31.30 ± 6.26 years with a gender ratio of 1.63:1. The mean BMI was 24.41 ± 3.87 kg/m2, 31.3% were overweight, and 9.6% were obese. Before sleep, 89.5% engaged with electronic devices. The majority of participants experience stress, with 63.5% reported moderate stress and 3.4% high stress. Only 6.7% were physically active, and 56.3% were inactive. Gender showed no significant correlation with stress levels, consumption of ultra-processed foods, and Body Mass Index (BMI) study components. Participants were found to be actively engaged in substance abuse, with 15.4% smoking 6-10 cigarettes daily and about 20.2% consuming alcohol twice a week.

Conclusion:
Because of their lifestyle, this population will be at a high risk of major chronic NCDs and should be targeted for an early intervention program. It’s essential to prioritize preventive actions like adopting a more active lifestyle, implementing stress management techniques, and embracing healthier dietary choices to safeguard the well-being of individuals in this demographic.
Nutritional Status of Under-5 Children in Migrant Laborer Settlements of Ernakulam District, Kerala, Southern India – A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Ambika Renjini B. , George Sobha , Olickal Jeby Jose , Manuel Akhil X. , Suseela Rakesh P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
To assess the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in migrant laborer settlements and their utilization of Integrated Child Development Scheme services in Ernakulam district, Kerala.

Material and Methods:
A mixed method study includes a community-based cross-sectional survey among 165 migrant under-5 children selected through a multistage cluster sampling method and 16 In-Depth Interviews among various stakeholders.

Results:
Of the children studied, 46% were stunted, 26% were wasted, and 12% had severe wasting. About 72% were aware of the nearest Anganwadi, and 49% and 42% of the eligible children received nutritional supplementation and availed the growth monitoring facilities, respectively. Major barriers to utilizing Anganawadi services were language barrier, inconvenient hours of operation, a lack of nutritional supplementation based on their taste, fear of discrimination from the parents of native children, and frequent family displacements.

Conclusions:
Nutritional status of migrant under-5 children is a concern and requires urgent attention.
Trends and Patterns of Road Traffic Accidents in Maharashtra: A Comparative Examination of NCRB and MEMS Databases
Authors: Jena Biranchi Narayan , Shelke Dnyaneshwar , Shrivastava Shoma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
The emergence of high incidence of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) has contributed to the burden of Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) both in terms of mortality and morbidity. It is very important to have a structured and accurate database for strategizing road safety and associated public health benefits. There are multiple sources of data available for the research of road traffic accidents and road safety. It is utmost necessary to identify the most appropriate data source for RTA research.

Materials and Methods:
The current study is based on five years’ time series data (2017 to 2021) from two data sources namely National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) and Maharashtra Emergency Medical Services (MEMS). Injury rate and death rate was used along with the trend analysis to define the trend of RTA. Corelation coefficient was used for establishing the patterns of reporting of RTA in the state of Maharashtra. The data is analysed by using MS Excel and SPSS16.0.

Results:
Both the databases exhibit a declining trend in the reporting of RTA in the state of Maharashtra with a CAGR of -1.99% in NCRB and -13.77% in MEMS. Although the number of incidents reported in NCRB is around 40% less than MEMS, both the sources have almost the same number of victims per accident (r= 84%). Injury rate reported in NCRB is around 40% less than the MEMS data and the variation in injury rate in cities is high as per NCRB data than in MEMS data. MEMS data provides a number of information including the severity of injury which may be useful for the analysis and insight generation.

Conclusion:
Both the databases are important in providing crucial information for generating insight and strategies for road safety. A central database in combining both the database would be ideal for the researchers in the areas of injury and road safety. MEMS was the better source in terms of amount of information for epidemiological research in road safety.
Gone through a rough patch: Fixing a large overhanging intercalary staphyloma in lepromatous leprosy
Authors: Kelgaonkar Anup , Jadhav Vishal , Chavan Kasturi 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Lepromatous scleritis is usually a recurrent entity, rarely leading to structural complications like outpouching of uveal tissue through a hanging intercalary staphyloma. The scleral deroofing procedure and tectonic patch graft under anti-leprosy drugs may be an effective treatment alternative.

Purpose:
To describe surgical management of a large intercalary staphyloma in an inadequately treated systemic Hansen’s disease.

Synopsis:
A 55-year-old male with treatment naïve leprosy for 10 years presented with sclerouveitis. He was started on anti-leprosy treatment with oral steroids, leading to the resolution of scleral inflammation. He discontinued medications a month later and was lost to follow up for 8 months when he presented with scleritis and intercalary staphyloma. Under cover of topical steroids, cycloplegia, and restarting anti-leprosy drugs, the patient underwent scleral deroofing with a scleral patch graft procedure. An overhanging intercalary staphyloma was dealt with by excising the overlying conjunctiva and anomalous scleral complex. Double freeze-thaw cryotherapy for minimizing bleeding during the excision maneuver was used. The scleral defect was approximated with double breasting of tissue with ragged edges using absorbable 7–0 polyglactin sutures. An additional overlying scleral patch graft of size 5 × 4 mm was sutured to the sclera to maintain tectonic integrity of the globe. A bandage contact lens over the cornea and adjacent limbus was placed. During subsequent visits, the scleral patch graft was intact and well-integrated along with a formed anterior chamber.

Highlights:
1. Inadequately treated leprosy can present with vision-hampering, overhanging intercalary staphylomas, a complication of scleritis. 2. Systemic management of leprosy is the cornerstone of therapy; however, surgical correction of such lesions may be required. 3. An overhanging intercalary staphyloma can be managed by excision of anomalous sclera with scleral patch grafts to offer tectonic support.

Video Link:

https://youtu.be/BCiuSYJ2uVU
To Estimate the Role of Fetal Umbilical Artery, Middle Cerebral Artery Pulsatality Index and Their Ratio in Predicting Adverse Perinatal Outcome in Foetuses with Growth Restriction: A Prospective Observational Pilot Study
Authors: Mhaske Nilesh , Sood Sandeep , Kaur Navpreet , Chakravarty Rony 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
To estimate the role of fetal umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery (MCA) pulsatality index (PI) and their ratio in predicting adverse perinatal outcome in foetuses with growth restriction (FGR).

Methodology:
It is a prospective observational pilot study done at a tertiary care hospital among the study population of singleton pregnancies between 28 and 36 weeks of gestation that were diagnosed with FGR by USG (estimated fetal weight <10th centile, abdominal circumference <10th centile). The correlation of fetal color Doppler assessment using UA PI, MCA PI, and MCA:UA PI and the adverse perinatal outcome in terms of preterm/term delivery or emergency cesarean delivery for fetal indication, low birth weight, APGAR <7 at 1 or 5 min, neonatal intensive care unit stay >24 h, and perinatal death were studied prospectively. Descriptive analysis of quantitative data was expressed and cross tables were generated to compare the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and accuracy of MCA PI, UA PI, and MCA:UA PI and any one adverse perinatal outcome if present or absent.

Results:
A total of 30 pregnancies were studied prospectively from April 2018 to April 2019. The UA, MCA Doppler PI, and MCA:UA PI have a sensitivity and specificity of 90%, 90%, and 95% and 55%, 67%, and 77%, respectively, for adverse perinatal outcomes.

Conclusion:
In the detection of FGR, best results are obtained when we use MCA:UA PI ratio, which is more sensitive and specific in detecting adverse perinatal outcomes, especially in later weeks of gestation from 31 to 36 weeks rather than UA PI or middle cerebral artery PI alone.
Comparative Analysis of the Clinical Performance of Three Different Inlays Based on Fabrication: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Kalpana MS , Thakur Sophia , Paulaian Benin , Meyappan Nagammai , Priya T Shunmuga , Santhoshi S 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Context:
Novelty in today’s dental practice aims at superiority in aesthetics. Dental practitioners address patient anxiety about retaining teeth while maintaining aesthetic appeal. The debate revolves around the best approach to meet their aesthetic and functional needs, leading to the development of various inlay techniques. Choosing between laboratory-processed composite resins and metal-free ceramic restorations has become increasingly complex. Laboratory-processed composites offer similar aesthetics and physical properties to dental ceramics, but ceramic restorations tend to adapt better to cavity preparation.

Aims:
This study aimed to compare clinical performance, post-operative sensitivity, marginal discrepancy, interfacial staining, and secondary caries between direct composite inlays, indirect composite inlays, and ceramic inlays, with the null hypothesis being no significant difference.

Methods and Material:
The study involved 30 patients aged 18-45 from Bapuji Dental College and Hospital in Karnataka who underwent composite inlays for their posterior teeth. The patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the study was approved by the Ethical Committee. Post-operative pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test.

Results:
Satisfactory results were observed throughout the evaluation, with statistically no significant differences between them but with a more assured performance of the ceramic inlay group and acceptable presentation of the indirect composite inlay group.

Conclusions:
Posterior tooth-coloured inlays provide acceptable outcomes, making them reliable candidates for clinical use, and ceramic inlays exhibit better performance rates.
Comparative Analysis of Color Stability among 3D-Printed Resin-Based, CAD/CAM, and Conventional Interim Fixed Prosthodontic Materials
Authors: Alshamrani Shahad Abdulrahman , Alobaid Bushra Fahad , Alharkan Hamad Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This study aims to assess and compare the color stability of 3D-printed, computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)-milled, and conventional materials used in interim dental restorations.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty-four disc-shaped specimens (10 mm diameter, 1.5 mm thickness) were fabricated from four types of interim materials: autopolymerizing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), bis-acryl composite resin, CAD-CAM PMMA resin, and 3D-printed provisional resin. Each group of polished specimens was divided into four subgroups (n = 4) and immersed in different staining solutions (distilled water, cola, coffee, and tea) at 37°C and 100% humidity without light exposure for 1 day, 7 days, and 30 days. Color changes were measured using a calibrated clinical spectrophotometer.

Results:
The type of material, staining solution, immersion period, and their interactions significantly influenced color stability (P < 0.001). Bis-acryl and 3D-printed materials exhibited the most discoloration, with coffee and tea causing the highest color changes. CAD-CAM-milled and PMMA materials demonstrated superior color stability, particularly in water and cola.

Conclusion:
Bis-acryl and 3D-printed materials showed significant and clinically unacceptable color changes, while CAD-CAM-milled and PMMA materials maintained color stability within clinically acceptable limits (ΔE ≈ 3.3). CAD-CAM and PMMA are preferred for interim restorations where color stability is critical.
TNF-α, An Inflammatory Path, Rerouted Through Alternate Medicinal Channels
Authors: Shanker Shyam Sundar , Kumar Krishna Santosh , Hussain Sharmila , Hariharan Annapoorni , Ramasamy Tamizhselvi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
This study emphasizes the efficacy of triphala as a therapeutic agent over inflammatory condition in hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) mediated inflammatory path in the presence of titanium (Ti) discs.

Materials and method:
In the presence of triphala extracts, lipopolysaccharidetreated macrophages showed reduction in production of inflammatory mediators and intercellular free radicals (ROS) and downregulation of mRNA in TNF.

Results:
Thus in the presence of propargylglycine, reduction of TNFα by triphala in the H2 S inhibited group showed that the mechanism of action of triphala can be through the H2 S pathway
Administration of Antibiotics for Root Canal Treatment – A Questionnaire Based Survey Amongst Dentists
Authors: Geethapriya Nagarajan , Venkatesh Alagarsamy , Shobana Shekar , Mary Gold Pearlin , Sarathy S Sarath , Shobhana Ramu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This study aims to assess the use of antibiotics among dentists in performing endodontic procedures.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a pretested, structured, and validated questionnaire approved by the institutional ethics committee. It included questions on demographics, choice, frequency, and duration of antibiotics use in endodontic practice. The survey link was distributed electronically. Results were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results:
Only 6.5% of them reported that root canal treatment does not require an antibiotic regime. Clinical years of experience do not have any significant impact on antibiotic prescribing practices among dentists.

Conclusion:
The survey reveals issues with the inadvertent use of antibiotics, including their types and frequency, and highlights gaps in theoretical knowledge and antibiotic-prescribing practices among general dentists.
POST-COVID SYNDROME – A Psychosomatic Burden for the Rima Oris. An Original Research
Authors: Bhambal Annette M. , Raj Aparna , Kumarasamy Baskaran , Choudhary Palak , Katiyar Rachna , Manikandan Saranya 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Long COVID syndrome (LCS) is increasingly being recognized as a new clinical entity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptoms persisting for more than three weeks after the diagnosis of COVID-19 characterize LCS. Incidence of it ranges from 10% to 35%. We conducted this study via digital platform, to evaluate the psychosomatic disorders of the oral cavity associated with LCS.

Aim and Objectives:
To assess the association of long COVID syndrome with oral psychosomatic disorders and to identify patients with long-COVID symptoms, Prevalence of psychosocial impact on the population and to do Comparative analysis among male and female.

Materials and methods:
In this study a Pan-India survey was conducted in which a questionnaire was prepared on Google platform and shared online to participants who had suffered from SARS-CoV-2. Data was collected on a four phase record and statistical analysis was done. Comparisons of proportions between male and female were carried out with Chi square (χ²) test.

Results:
Results showed females being more affected mentally and psychologically. Males were affected by oro-pharyngeal problems. Majority of participants in the survey were not absolutely healthy after acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Conclusion:
LCS is a multisystem disorder. There’s a lack of knowledge in literature in the association of oral lesions with psychosomatic disorders in such individuals. The oral specialist can help diagnose such patients and help plan their lifestyle modification. Further research is required to formulate a standard classification for Long COVID Syndrome which will be help plan a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach.
Antibacterial Activity, Antiadherence Activity, Antioxidant Activity, and Molecular Docking Analysis of Arab Rose (Rosa Damascena) Extract on Periodontopathic Bacteria: Porphyromonas Gingivalis and Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans - An In vitro Study
Authors: Peeran Syed Wali , Murugan Manohar , Fageeh Hytham , Ibraheem Wael , Fageeh Hammam Ibrahim , Basheer Syed Nahid 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Rosa damascena extracts were prepared, and their antibacterial and antibiofilm assays were investigated against two different periodontopathic bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). The aim was to determine whether the extracts could restrict the growth of these dental pathogens and to investigate the molecular docking between the myricetin of flower extracts and virulence proteins of dental pathogens.

Materials and Method:
The antibacterial activity of ethanol and methanol extracts of Rosa damascena was determined using the standard agar well diffusion method. Among them, methanol extracts showed more activity against dental pathogens. Methanol extracts (300 and 400 μg/mL) showed inhibitory zones of about 13.3 ± 1.05 mm and 16.3 ± 1.05 mm against Porphyromonas gingivalis; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans showed inhibitory zones of about 13.9 ± 0.57 and 15.3 ± 1.05 mm.

Result:
Minimum inhibitory concentration studies revealed that 400 μg/mL of methanol extracts inhibited the turbid growth in the broth tubes. Antiadherence test results showed that Rosa damascena extracts reduced the number of organisms adhering to the glass specimens against the test cultures significantly. The molecular docking report revealed −2.53 kcal/mol of binding energy between myricetin and mfa1 of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Myricetin and target protein, cdtA of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans revealed a binding energy of −3.46 kcal/mol.

Conclusion:
These findings conclude that Rosa damascena extracts can be considered an additive in natural antidental biofilm oral health products.