bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smooth muscle cell adhesion on crosslinked hyaluronan gels
Authors: Ramamurthi Anand , Vesely Ivan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHyaluronic acid (HA)‐based polymers (hylans) are highly biocompatible and can be structurally modified to obtain desired mechanical properties. This study evaluated divinyl sulfone‐crosslinked solid and particulate hylans as cellular scaffolds. These two hylan types differ in surface characteristics, mode of preparation, HA content, and extent of crosslinking. Neonatal rat aortic smooth muscle cells were cultured on hylan gels coated with matrix factors including collagen I, ECM gel, laminin, and fibronectin and on uncoated controls for ≤4 weeks. Cell attachment was sparse on uncoated controls but significantly enhanced on coated gels. Cell morphology was influenced by the identity of the matrix factors coated and the surface topography of the hylan gels. Cells attached to coated particulate gels appeared either highly spread (collagen, fibronectin) or irregularly shaped (ECM gel, laminin). Cells on laminin and fibronectin‐coated solid gels were rounded and nonproliferative. Cells proliferated most rapidly on ECM gel‐coated gels. The uneven surface of particulate gels induced more protein deposition and the subsequent attachment and active proliferation of cells. This study shows that surface texturizing and subsequent surface treatment with matrix factors enhances cell attachment and proliferation of hylans. These results are useful toward developing bioengineered materials based on cell‐hylan composites. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 60: 196–205, 2002
Resorbable polymer fibers for ligament augmentation
Authors: Dürselen Lutz , Dauner Martin , Hierlemann Helmut , Planck Heinrich , Claes Lutz E. , Ignatius Anita 
Published: August 2002

AbstractResorbable augmentation devices for cruciate ligament surgery have been developed to temporarily protect healing tendon grafts or sutured ligaments against high tensile loads during the postoperative healing period. Materials available at present [e.g., polydioxanone (PDS)] show a half‐life tensile strength of only 4–6 weeks, whereas the process of revitalization and recovering of the transplanted tendon graft can take up to 12 months. Therefore, a device that provides gradually decreasing mechanical properties with a half‐time strength of at least 6 months would be desirable. In order to obtain a suitable material, we investigated the degradation kinetics of a variety of different resorbable fibers made of poly(L‐lactide) and poly(L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide). The fiber materials differed in processing and treatment parameters like thermal posttreatment, irradiation, and fiber diameter. The fibers were degraded in vitro and were tested for mechanical properties and molecular weight at various time points up to 72 weeks. The half‐time strength of the materials ranged between 5 and 64 weeks, depending on their treatment parameters. In contrast, the stiffness did not decrease adequately. However, an augmentation stiffness that does not change much versus time could not provide a gradual increase in graft load, which is important to stimulate the orientation of the collagenous tissue. Therefore, design of an augmentation construct braided out of more than one quickly degrading fiber materials is suggested. After the breakdown of the faster‐degrading fiber components the stiffness would automatically decrease by the diminution of the load‐carrying fiber volume. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 58: 666–672, 2001
Experimental investigation of Poisson's ratio as a damage parameter for bone fatigue
Authors: Pidaparti R. M. , Vogt A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe fatigue loading of bone results in the degradation of mechanical properties such as strength and stiffness. Even though several authors have investigated the relationship between the longitudinal modulus and loading cycles, the reduction in Poisson's ratio and its relationship to fatigue loading cycles have not previously been investigated. In this study, the reduction in the major Poisson's ratio and longitudinal modulus for cortical bone specimens as a result of tensile fatigue was experimentally investigated. We compared the results of the major Poisson's ratio reduction to the reduction in longitudinal modulus to determine if there was a relationship between the two. The results showed that the reduction in Poisson's ratio was about 8–22% higher than the reduction in longitudinal modulus, indicating that more microdamage accumulated transversely than longitudinally. Both the longitudinal modulus and major Poisson's ratio decreased in a logarithmic fashion with increasing loading cycles for the bone specimens tested. © 2001 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 59: 282–287, 2002
Biomimetic calcium phosphate coatings on Polyactive® 1000/70/30
Authors: Du C. , Klasens P. , Haan R. E. , Bezemer J. , Cui F. Z. , de Groot K. , Layrolle P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPrecalcification of Polyactive® 1000/70/30 with a biomimetic calcium phosphate coating is expected to enhance the bioactivity of this biodegradable polymer for the application as bone filler or scaffold of bone tissue engineering. This study presents a 1‐day one‐step incubation method to obtain either amorphous or bone‐like apatitic calcium phosphate coating on Polyactive® 1000/70/30. Either dense plates or three‐dimensional porous blocks of the polymer were incubated in a simplified but concentrated simulated body fluid‐derived solution at 37°C. By bubbling CO2 gas, a solution was prepared with calcium and phosphate ion concentrations five times of that of regular simulated body fluid. With controlled stirring, the CO2 was released out of the solution and exchanged by air. The pH of the solution increased to induce coating formation. Adjusting stirring rate and CO2/air exchange rate controlled the process kinetics. The reaction kinetics had little influence on the crystallographic structure of the final coating mineral for a given solution composition as shown by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. However, the interface structure between the coating and substrate was kinetics‐dependent. A fast precipitation condition resulted in a uniform but superficial calcification pattern at the surface of polymer. A slow process by selecting either a slow stirring or a slow CO2/air exchange, on the contrary, induced a localized but deep inside calcification pattern. A tensile test showed no statistically significant difference in the mechanical properties among uncoated and coated polymers. The cracking behavior of coatings from different kinetics, however, exhibited different manners, as can be attributed to different interface structures and interfacial strengths. © 2001 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 59: 535–546, 2002
Comparison of iron‐catalyzed DNA and lipid oxidation
Authors: Djuric Zora , Potter David W. , Taffe Bonita G. , Strasburg Gale M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLipid and DNA oxidation catalyzed by iron(II) were compared in HEPES and phosphate buffers. Lipid peroxidation was examined in a sensitive liposome system constructed with a fluorescent probe that allowed us to examine the effects of both low and high iron concentrations. With liposomes made from synthetic 1‐stearoyl‐2‐linoleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine or from rat liver microsomal lipid, lipid peroxidation increased with iron concentration up to the range of 10–20 μM iron(II), but then rates decreased with further increases in iron concentration. This may be due to the limited amount of lipid peroxides available in liposomes for oxidation of iron(II) to generate equimolar iron(III), which is thought to be important for the initation of lipid peroxidation. Addition of hydrogen peroxide to incubations with 1–10 μM iron(II) decreased rates of lipid peroxidation, whereas addition of hydrogen peroxide to incubations with higher iron concentrations increased rates of lipid peroxidation. Thus, in this liposome system, sufficient peroxide from either within the lipid or from exogenous sources must be present to generate equimolar iron(II) and iron(III). With iron‐catalyzed DNA oxidation, hydrogen peroxide always stimulated product formation. Phosphate buffer, which chelates iron but still allows for generation of hydroxyl radicals, inhibited lipid peroxidation but not DNA oxidation. HEPES buffer, which scavenges hydroxyl radicals, inhibited DNA oxidation, whereas lipid peroxidation was unaffected since presumably iron(II) and iron(III) were still available for reaction with liposomes in HEPES buffer. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 15:114–119, 2001
Plasma exchange for severe attacks of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
Authors: Weinshenker Brian G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPlasma exchange has not been widely accepted as a treatment for multiple sclerosis. However, several uncontrolled studies have suggested that patients with severe attacks of MS and other inflammatory demyelinating disease may improve rapidly after plasma exchange treatment. We recently completed a randomized, sham‐controlled, crossover clinical trial of plasma exchange in 22 patients with idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. Twelve had MS and ten had other inflammatory demyelinating disease syndromes. Forty‐two percent of patients experienced moderate or greater recovery over 2 weeks of active treatment administered every other day while only 6% of patients experienced similar improvement while receiving sham treatment. Three patients who failed the sham treatment subsequently improved rapidly after crossover to active treatment; no patient who failed active treatment improved after crossover to sham. This study illustrates the importance of designing randomized clinical trials based on the treatment regimen and patient population studied in the uncontrolled reports that suggested treatment efficacy. Plasma exchange should be considered for patients with idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease syndromes when they have failed corticosteroid therapy. J. Clin. Apheresis. 16:39‐42, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Plasmapheresis in the treatment of an acute pancreatitis due to protease inhibitor‐induced hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Routy Jean‐Pierre , Smith Graham H.R. , Blank David W. , Gilfix Brian M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe use of protease inhibitors such as ritonavir to treat HIV‐infected individuals has been associated with lipodystrophy, combined hyperlipidemias, and hypertriglyceridemia‐induced pancreatitis. We report here on the treatment by plasmapheresis of a HIV‐patient who presented with a rapid onset of severe ritonavir‐induced hypertriglyceridemia complicated with an acute pancreatitis. A 35‐year‐old HIV‐1 positive male following 3 weeks of ritonavir treatment presented with nausea, abdominal pain, a distended abdomen, and the following laboratory values: amylase (238 U/L), lipase (864 U/L), total cholesterol (27.1 mmol/L), and triglycerides (62.9 mmol/L). Following two plasmaphereses, the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, lipase, and amylase declined drastically and the patient was discharged home after 4 days with lipid and pancreatic enzyme levels within the reference range. To our knowledge, this is the first case of pancreatitis due to a PI‐induced hyperlipidemia in a HIV‐patient treated with plasmapheresis in an acute setting. J. Clin. Apheresis. 16:157–159, 2000. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Yeast methionine aminopeptidase type 1 is ribosome‐associated and requires its N‐terminal zinc finger domain for normal function in vivo*
Authors: Vetro Joseph A. , Chang Yie‐Hwa 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMethionine aminopeptidase type 1 (MetAP1) cotranslationally removes N‐terminal methionine from nascent polypeptides, when the second residue in the primary structure is small and uncharged. Eukaryotic MetAP1 has an N‐terminal zinc finger domain not found in prokaryotic MetAPs. We hypothesized that the zinc finger domain mediates the association of MetAP1 with the ribosomes and have reported genetic evidence that it is important for the normal function of MetAP1 in vivo. In this study, the intracellular role of the zinc finger domain in yeast MetAP1 function was examined. Wild‐type MetAP1 expressed in a yeast map1 null strain removed 100% of N‐terminal methionine from a reporter protein, while zinc finger mutants removed only 31–35%. Ribosome profiles of map1 null expressing wild‐type MetAP1 or one of three zinc finger mutants were compared. Wild‐type MetAP1 was found to be an 80S translational complex‐associated protein that primarily associates with the 60S subunit. Deletion of the zinc finger domain did not significantly alter the ribosome profile distribution of MetAP1. In contrast, single point mutations in the first or second zinc finger motif disrupted association of MetAP1 with the 60S subunit and the 80S translational complex. Together, these results indicate that the zinc finger domain is essential for the normal processing function of MetAP1 in vivo and suggest that it may be important for the proper functional alignment of MetAP1 on the ribosomes. J. Cell. Biochem. 85: 678–688, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Outpatient mental health care, self‐help groups, and patients' one‐year treatment outcomes
Authors: Moos Rudolf , Schaefer Jeanne , Andrassy Jill , Moos Bernice 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjective: To examine the association between the duration and amount of outpatient mental health care, participation in self‐help groups, and patients' casemix‐adjusted one‐year outcomes. Methods: A total of 2,376 patients with substance use disorders, 35% of whom also had psychiatric disorders, were assessed at entry to treatment and at a one‐year follow‐up. Information about the duration and amount of outpatient mental health care was obtained from a centralized health services utilization database. Results: Patients who obtained regular outpatient mental health care over a longer interval and patients who attended more self‐help group meetings had better one‐year substance use and social functioning outcomes than did patients who were less involved in formal and informal care. The amount of outpatient mental health care did not independently predict one‐year outcomes. Conclusions: The duration of outpatient mental health care and the level of self‐help involvement are independently associated with less substance use and more positive social functioning. The provision of low intensity treatment for a longer time interval may be a cost‐effective way to enhance substance abuse and psychiatric patients' long‐term outcomes. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 273–287, 2001.
A factor analytic and psychometric examination of pathology of separation–individuation
Authors: Lapsley Daniel K. , Aalsma Matthew C. , Varshney Nicole M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTwo studies are described that attempt to determine if standard‐scale‐reduction techniques could yield a construct‐valid diagnostic screen of pathology of separation–individuation for use in nonclinical university settings. In Study 1 (N = 210), a measure of pathology of separation–individuation (PATHSEP) was reduced successfully to a single, internally consistent factor, accounting for 36% of the variance. In Study 2 (N = 304), these items also coalesced around a single factor, accounting for 35% of the variance. Study 2 also showed that PATHSEP is correlated moderately and positively with indices of insecure attachment, with the Center for Epidemiological Studies—Depression Scale, and with indices of psychiatric symptomatology (Hopkins Symptom Checklist). PATHSEP also was associated with a poorer profile of adjustment to college. Males reported more pathology of separation–individuation than did females. Evidence supports the construct validity of a shortened version of PATHSEP. Directions for future research are noted. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 915–932, 2001.
Rational and irrational aspects of countertransference
Authors: Ellis Albert 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCountertransference in therapy stems from biological tendencies and social learning influences that involve mild or heavy prejudiced thinking, feeling, and behaving. Several reasons are given why it is almost inevitable and has both beneficial and destructive aspects—not either/or but both/and. It is hypothesized that therapists can well make good use of countertransference if they strive to employ it in a preferential, experimental rather than an absolutist musturbating manner. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session 57: 999–1004, 2001.
The General Functioning Scale of the Family Assessment Device: Does it work with Chinese adolescents?
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe reliability and validity of the General Functioning (GF) Scale of the Chinese version of the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) were examined in three studies. In Study 1, data based on 361 adolescents showed that the GF scale was temporally stable and internally consistent, and there was support for its concurrent and construct validities. In Study 2, data analyzed from a clinical group and a nonclinical group (N = 281 and 451, respectively) showed that the GF scores were able to discriminate these two groups. With data pertaining to 3649 secondary‐school students, Study 3 gives support for the internal consistency, concurrent validity, and construct validity of the GF scale in different adolescent samples. These studies strongly suggest that the GF scale of the FAD possesses good psychometric properties in different Chinese adolescent samples. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 1503–1516, 2001.
Basic fibroblast growth factor protects cardiac myocytes from iNOS‐mediated apoptosis
Authors: Iwai‐Kanai Eri , Hasegawa Koji , Fujita Masatoshi , Araki Makoto , Yanazume Tetsuhiko , Adachi Souichi , Sasayama Shigetake 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBasic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is an important angiogenic factor produced by hearts subjected to ischemia. However, the direct effects of bFGF on myocardial cells are unknown. Primary cultured cardiac myocytes from neonatal rats were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent inducer of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), in the presence or the absence of bFGF. LPS induced the expression of iNOS in cardiac myocytes, demonstrated at both mRNA and protein levels. We showed that LPS activated the apoptotic pathway, evidenced by TUNEL staining, DNA ladder formation, and morphologic features. LPS‐induced apoptosis was blocked by the administration of L‐NAME, an inhibitor of NOS. This indicates that LPS induces apoptosis via an iNOS‐dependent pathway. Administration of bFGF completely inhibited myocardial cell apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide or acidic medium as well as LPS. To determine signaling pathways for this inhibitory effect, we utilized PD098059, an MEK‐1‐specific inhibitor. PD098059 blocked bFGF‐induced activation of ERK (extracellularly responsive kinase)‐1/2 and neutralized the apoptotic inhibitory effect of bFGF. These findings demonstrate that LPS induces myocardial cell apoptosis in an iNOS‐dependent manner. The results also suggest that bFGF is a protective factor against myocardial cell apoptosis and that this protection requires the MEK‐1‐ERK pathway. J. Cell. Physiol. 190: 54–62, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Involvement of Smads in TGFβ1‐induced furin (fur) transcription
Authors: Blanchette François , Rudd Penny , Grondin Francine , Attisano Liliana , Dubois Claire M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFurin is recognized as being one of the main convertases of the cellular constitutive secretion pathway but the mechanisms regulating its expression are still unknown. We have previously demonstrated that TGFβ1 up‐regulates its own converting enzyme, furin, creating a novel activation/regulation cycle of potential importance in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological conditions. The fur (fes upstream region) gene is regulated via three alternative promoters; P1, P1A, and P1B. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism(s) underlying this up‐regulation, we performed transient cell transfections with P1, P1A, and P1B promoter luciferase constructs. Transfection experiments in HepG2 cells revealed that fur P1 promoter is the strongest and the most sensitive to TGFβ1 stimulation (5 ng/ml) (3.2‐fold vs. 2.4‐fold for P1A and 2.1‐fold for P1B). Cotransfection with either a dominant negative mutant form of Smad2 [Smad2(3SA)] or a known Smad inhibitor [Smad7] inhibit constitutive and TGFβ1‐induced luciferase activity indicating the participation of endogenous Smads. Increased levels of TGFβ1‐induced transcriptional activation of the P1 promoter by overexpression of Smad2 and/or Smad4 is greatly reduced in the presence of Smad2(3SA) and completely inhibited by Smad7, suggesting the participation of endogenous Smad2/Smad4 complexes. Furthermore, the fork‐head activin signal transducer (FAST‐1), known to interact with Smad2/Smad4 complexes, is a potent stimulator of TGFβ1‐induced transactivation of the fur P1 promoter. Five prime‐deletion analysis of this promoter identified the proximal region (between positions −8734 and −7925), as the nucleotide stretch that carries most of the transcriptional activation of fur P1 promoter by Smad2. Overall, the present data demonstrate that Smad2 and Smad4 possibly in complex with FAST‐1 or other DNA binding partners participate in the constitutive and inducible transactivation of the fur P1 promoter. This represents the first detailed study of the transcriptional regulation of the fur gene. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 regulates cell adhesion by binding to the somatomedin B domain of vitronectin
Authors: Deng Gary , Curriden Scott A. , Hu Geng , Czekay Ralf‐Peter , Loskutoff David J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPlasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) binds to the somatomedin B (SMB) domain of vitronectin. It inhibits the adhesion of U937 cells to vitronectin by competing with the urokinase receptor (uPAR; CD87) on these cells for binding to the same domain. Although the inhibitor also blocks integrin‐mediated cell adhesion, the molecular basis of this effect is unclear. In this study, the effect of the inhibitor on the adhesion of a variety of cells (e.g., U937, MCF7, HT‐1080, and HeLa) to vitronectin was assessed, and the importance of the SMB domain in these interactions was determined. Although PAI‐1 blocked the adhesion of all of these cells to vitronectin‐coated wells, it did not block adhesion to a variant of vitronectin which lacked the SMB domain. Interestingly, HT‐1080 and U937 cells attached avidly to microtiter wells coated with purified recombinant SMB (which does not contain the RGD sequence), and this adhesion was again blocked by the inhibitor. These results affirm that PAI‐1 can inhibit both uPAR‐ and integrin‐mediated cell adhesion, and demonstrate that the SMB domain of vitronectin is required for these effects. They also show that multiple cell types can employ uPAR as an adhesion receptor. The use of purified recombinant SMB should help to further define this novel adhesive pathway, and to delineate its relationship with integrin‐mediated adhesive events. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.