bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling crystallites orientation and facet exposure for enhanced electrochemical properties of polycrystalline MoO3 films
Authors: Trzciński Konrad , Zarach Zuzanna , Szkoda Mariusz , Nowak Andrzej P. , Berent Katarzyna , Sawczak Mirosław 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the development and optimization of MoO3 films on commercially available FTO substrates using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. By carefully selecting deposition conditions and implementing post-treatment procedures, precise control over crystallite orientation relative to the substrate is achieved. Deposition at 450 °C in O2 atmosphere results in random crystallite arrangement, while introducing argon instead of oxygen to the PLD chamber during the initial stage of sputtering exposes the (102) and (011) facets. On the other hand, room temperature deposition leads to the formation of amorphous film, but after appropriate post-annealing treatment, the (00k) facets were exposed. The deposited films are studied using SEM and XRD techniques. Moreover, electrochemical properties of FTO/MoO3 electrodes immersed in 1 M AlCl3 aqueous solution are evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that different electrochemical processes are promoted based on the orientation of crystallites. When the (102) and (011) facets are exposed, the Al3+ ions intercalation induced by polarization is facilitated, while the (00k) planes exposure leads to the diminished hydrogen evolution reaction overpotential.
Comparison of two surgical interventions for lumbar brucella spondylitis in adults: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Jiang Dingyu , Ma Liang , Wang Xiyang , Xu Zhenchao , Sun Guannan , Jia Runze , Wu Yunqi , Zhang Yilu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis retrospective study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of the posterior procedure with the combined anterior and posterior procedure in the surgical management of lumbar Brucella spondylitis. From January 2015 to June 2020, a total of 62 patients presenting with lumbar Brucella spondylitis underwent either one-stage posterior pedicle fixation, debridement, and interbody fusion (Group A, n = 33) or anterior debridement, bone grafting, and posterior instrumentation (Group B, n = 29). All patients were followed up for an average of 25.4 ± 1.5 months and achieved complete resolution of lumbar Brucella spondylitis. No significant differences between the groups were observed in terms of age or pre-operative, three-month postoperative and final follow-up indices of the VAS, ESR, CRP, lordosis angle, ODI scores, fusion time, and time of serum agglutination test conversion to negative (P > 0.05). Each patient exhibited notable improvements in neurological function, as assessed by the JOA score rating system. Group A demonstrated significantly shorter operative duration, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay compared to Group B (P < 0.05). Superficial wound infection was observed in one case in Group A, whereas Group B experienced one case each of intraoperative peritoneal rupture, postoperative ileus, iliac vein injury, and superficial wound infection. This study supports the efficacy of both surgical interventions in the treatment of lumbar Brucella spondylitis, with satisfactory outcomes. However, the posterior approach demonstrated advantages, including reduced surgical time, diminished blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and fewer perioperative complications. Consequently, the one-stage posterior pedicle fixation, debridement, and interbody fusion represent a superior treatment option.
Association between uncontrolled diabetes and periodontal disease in US adults: NHANES 2009–2014
Authors: Vu Giang T. , Shakib Shaminul , King Christian , Gurupur Varadraj , Little Bert B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between uncontrolled diabetes and periodontal disease (PD) among adults in the United States. We used data from the 2009–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with a sample of 6108 adults ages 30 and over. To measure PD status, we used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology’s standards. To classify DM status (no DM, DM with HbA1c < 9%, diabetes with HbA1c ≥ 9%),we used self-reported Diabetes Mellitus (DM) diagnosis and laboratory report of HbA1c. Approximately 8.5% of the sample had controlled DM, and 1.7% had uncontrolled DM, for a total of 10.2% DM in the analysis. Multivariate logistic regression showed that compared to those without DM, PD was significantly increased with controlled DM (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.73, p < 0.05) and even more with uncontrolled DM (aOR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.52–4.04, p < 0.001), after adjusting for covariates. Factors that reduced the prevalence of PD included annual dental visits, female gender, and college education. Factors that significantly increased PD prevalence were cigarette smoking, non-white race, income < 200% Federal Poverty Level, and older age (age > 50 years). In conclusion, uncontrolled DM was significantly associated with higher odds of PD among adults in the US.
Production of rumen- and gastrointestinal-resistant nanoparticles to deliver lysine to dairy cows
Authors: Albuquerque João , Neves Ana R. , Van Dorpe Ingrid , Fonseca António J. M. , Cabrita Ana R. J. , Reis Salette 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSupplementing diets with rumen-protected lysine is a common strategy to meet the nutritional needs of high-producing dairy cows. This work addressed two separate but crucial issues: the lysine protection degree across the entire digestive tract as well as the production scalability of the proposed delivery systems. This was achieved by evaluating, in vitro or ex vivo, previously developed rumen-resistant lipid nanoparticles regarding their stability in the digestive tract and in the bloodstream of the dairy cow as well as how their production could be scaled-up. Results showed that the developed nanoparticles were able to resist digestion along the digestive tract but were degraded in the blood over 24 h. Thus, releasing their content to be used by the animal. In vitro viability assays were also performed, with the nanoparticles being found not to be inherently toxic when using nanoparticle concentrations up to 1 mg/mL. Results showed that neither the purity of the used lipids nor the production method significantly altered the nanoparticles’ properties or their ruminal resistance. Furthermore, the shelf-life of these nanoparticles was assessed, and they were found to retain their properties and remain usable after at least 1 month of storage. Moreover, a pilot-scale production allowed the production of nanoparticles with similar properties to the previous ones made using standard methods. To summarize, the proposed rumen-resistant nanoparticles presented potential as orally ingested lysine delivery systems for dairy cattle supplementation, being capable of a large-scale production using cheaper components while maintaining their properties and without any efficiency loss. It should however be noted that these results were obtained mainly in vitro and further in vivo bioavailability and production experiments are needed before this technology can be confirmed as a viable way of delivering lysine to dairy cows.
The relationships between wisdom, positive orientation and health-related behavior in older adults
Authors: Zadworna Magdalena , Stetkiewicz-Lewandowicz Agnieszka 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe concept of healthy ageing, i.e. maintaining health in late life, is closely connected with the role of health behavior. Although health behavior is determined by personal factors, little is known about its relationships with wisdom and positive orientation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to establish relationships between sociodemographic and health factors, personal resources (wisdom and positive orientation) and health-related behavior in late life. The study included 353 Polish seniors aged 60–99 (M = 71.95; SD = 1.45). The respondents completed the Health-Related Questionnaire for Seniors, Three Dimensional Wisdom Scale, Positive Orientation Scale and a sociodemographic survey. Wisdom and positive orientation were associated with general health behavior and all of its factors. Among the sociodemographic variables, attendance in nonformal education courses had the strongest predictive role for health behavior. A hierarchical regression model demonstrated that personal resources significantly determined healthy lifestyle, after controlling for sociodemographic factors. Additionally, mediational analyses revealed that positive orientation acted as a partial mediator between wisdom and health behavior. Our findings extend knowledge about the factors enhancing healthy lifestyle in older adults, indicating that both wisdom and positive orientation may represent valuable personal resources for health-related behavior.
Estimation of renewable energy systems for mobile network based on real measurements using HOMER software in Egypt
Authors: Bahgaat Naglaa K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the increasing of global awareness of the importance of reducing polluting emissions and maintaining a clean and healthy environment. So, the tendency to generate electric energy from new and renewable sources has become an urgent need to achieve this goal. In this paper an optimal economic cost analysis using hybrid renewable energy sources to generate the electricity needed for long-term evolution mobile phone systems was estimated. The proposed electric system accounts for the reduction of polluting emissions to the environment. The electrical profile of the optimal approaches or the hybrid technology and traditional methods which contain solar photovoltaic’, batteries, wind turbines, diesel generator were estimated and provides the electrical power for a Long-Term Evolution mobile network (LTE) as the load at a remote located area. A real time optimal cost analysis of each proposed network is done based on the real load profile, wind speed and solar radiation was placid on from 6 October city in Egypt. Statistical analysis was performed by varying the systems through comparison to determine the optimal approaches based on the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electrical Renewables software (HOMER).
Air-filled SIW technology for mass-manufacturable and energy-efficient terahertz systems
Authors: Van Messem Laura , Sinha Siddhartha , Ocket Ilja , Trischler Heinrich , Schlaffer Erich , Schlick Daniel , Rogier Hendrik , Lemey Sam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo accommodate the ever-growing data requirements in densely populated areas and address the need for high-resolution sensing in diverse next-generation applications, there is a noticeable trend towards utilizing large unallocated frequency bands above 100 GHz. To overcome the harsh propagation conditions, large-scale antenna arrays are crucial and urge the need for cost-effective, mass-manufacturable technologies. A dedicated Any-Layer High Density Interconnect PCB technology for highly efficient wireless D-band (110–170 GHz) systems is proposed. Specifically, the adapted stack accommodates broadband air-filled substrate-integrated-waveguide components for efficient long-range signal distribution and low-loss passives. The viability of the suggested technology platform is demonstrated by designing, fabricating and measuring several essential low-loss air-filled substrate-integrated-waveguide components, such as a dual rectangular filter, with a minimal insertion loss of 0.87 dB and 10 dB-matching within the (132.8–139.2 GHz) frequency band, and an air-filled waveguide with a routing loss of only 0.08 dB/mm and a flat amplitude variation within 0.01 dB/mm over the (115–155 GHz) frequency range. A broadband transition towards stripline, with a limited loss of 1.1 dB, is described to interface these waveguides with compactly integrated chips. A tolerance analysis is included as well as a comparison to the state of the art.
A deazariboflavin chromophore kinetically stabilizes reduced FAD state in a bifunctional cryptochrome
Authors: Hosokawa Yuhei , Morita Hiroyoshi , Nakamura Mai , Yamamoto Junpei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn animal-like cryptochrome derived from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CraCRY) is a bifunctional flavoenzyme harboring flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a photoreceptive/catalytic center and functions both in the regulation of gene transcription and the repair of UV-induced DNA lesions in a light-dependent manner, using different FAD redox states. To address how CraCRY stabilizes the physiologically relevant redox state of FAD, we investigated the thermodynamic and kinetic stability of the two-electron reduced anionic FAD state (FADH−) in CraCRY and related (6–4) photolyases. The thermodynamic stability of FADH− remained almost the same compared to that of all tested proteins. However, the kinetic stability of FADH− varied remarkably depending on the local structure of the secondary pocket, where an auxiliary chromophore, 8-hydroxy-7,8-didemethyl-5-deazariboflavin (8-HDF), can be accommodated. The observed effect of 8-HDF uptake on the enhancement of the kinetic stability of FADH− suggests an essential role of 8-HDF in the bifunctionality of CraCRY.
Comprehensive guidance for optimizing the colloidal quantum dot (CQD) Perovskite solar cells: experiment and simulation
Authors: Memari Ali , Javadian Sarraf Mohammad , Seyyed Mahdavi Chabok Seyyed Javad , Motevalizadeh Leili 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots (CPQDs) have received great attention due to their potential in large-scale applications. Increasing the efficiency of CPQDs solar cells is an important issue that is addressed in this paper. Here, we have simulated a 14.61% colloidal CPQD solar cell with the least fitting parameter that shows the accuracy of the following results. The absorber layer properties are varied and different power conversion efficiency (PCE) is achieved for the new device. The results show that colloidal CsPbI3 material properties have a significant effect on the PCE of the device. Finally, the optimized parameters for the absorber layer are listed and the optimum efficiency of 29.88% was achieved for this case. Our results are interesting that help the researchers to work on CsPbI3 materials for the achievement of highly efficient, stable, large-scale, and flexible CPQDs solar cells.
Structure–function analysis of histone H2B and PCNA ubiquitination dynamics using deubiquitinase-deficient strains
Authors: Radmall Kaitlin S. , Shukla Prakash K. , Leng Andrew M. , Chandrasekharan Mahesh B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPost-translational covalent conjugation of ubiquitin onto proteins or ubiquitination is important in nearly all cellular processes. Steady-state ubiquitination of individual proteins in vivo is maintained by two countering enzymatic activities: conjugation of ubiquitin by E1, E2 and E3 enzymes and removal by deubiquitinases. Here, we deleted one or more genes encoding deubiquitinases in yeast and evaluated the requirements for ubiquitin conjugation onto a target protein. Our proof-of-principle studies demonstrate that absence of relevant deubiquitinase(s) provides a facile and versatile method that can be used to study the nuances of ubiquitin conjugation and deubiquitination of target proteins in vivo. We verified our method using mutants lacking the deubiquitinases Ubp8 and/or Ubp10 that remove ubiquitin from histone H2B or PCNA. Our studies reveal that the C-terminal coiled-domain of the adapter protein Lge1 and the C-terminal acidic tail of Rad6 E2 contribute to monoubiquitination of histone H2BK123, whereas the distal acidic residues of helix-4 of Rad6, but not the acidic tail, is required for monoubiquitination of PCNA. Further, charged substitution at alanine-120 in the H2B C-terminal helix adversely affected histone H2BK123 monoubiquitination by inhibiting Rad6-Bre1-mediated ubiquitin conjugation and by promoting Ubp8/Ubp10-mediated deubiquitination. In summary, absence of yeast deubiquitinases UBP8 and/or UBP10 allows uncovering the regulation of and requirements for ubiquitin addition and removal from their physiological substrates such as histone H2B or PCNA in vivo.
Autonomous artificial intelligence increases real-world specialist clinic productivity in a cluster-randomized trial
Authors: Abramoff Michael D. , Whitestone Noelle , Patnaik Jennifer L. , Rich Emily , Ahmed Munir , Husain Lutful , Hassan Mohammad Yeadul , Tanjil Md. Sajidul Huq , Weitzman Dena , Dai Tinglong , Wagner Brandie D. , Cherwek David H. , Congdon Nathan , Islam Khairul 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAutonomous artificial intelligence (AI) promises to increase healthcare productivity, but real-world evidence is lacking. We developed a clinic productivity model to generate testable hypotheses and study design for a preregistered cluster-randomized clinical trial, in which we tested the hypothesis that a previously validated US FDA-authorized AI for diabetic eye exams increases clinic productivity (number of completed care encounters per hour per specialist physician) among patients with diabetes. Here we report that 105 clinic days are cluster randomized to either intervention (using AI diagnosis; 51 days; 494 patients) or control (not using AI diagnosis; 54 days; 499 patients). The prespecified primary endpoint is met: AI leads to 40% higher productivity (1.59 encounters/hour, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37–1.80) than control (1.14 encounters/hour, 95% CI: 1.02–1.25), p < 0.00; the secondary endpoint (productivity in all patients) is also met. Autonomous AI increases healthcare system productivity, which could potentially increase access and reduce health disparities. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05182580.
Sec22b regulates phagosome maturation by promoting ORP8-mediated lipid exchange at endoplasmic reticulum-phagosome contact sites
Authors: Criado Santos Nina , Bouvet Samuel , Cruz Cobo Maria , Mandavit Marion , Bermont Flavien , Castelbou Cyril , Mansour Farah , Azam Maral , Giordano Francesca , Nunes-Hasler Paula 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhagosome maturation is critical for immune defense, defining whether ingested material is destroyed or converted into antigens. Sec22b regulates phagosome maturation, yet how has remained unclear. Here we show Sec22b tethers endoplasmic reticulum-phagosome membrane contact sites (MCS) independently of the known tether STIM1. Sec22b knockdown increases calcium signaling, phagolysosome fusion and antigen degradation and alters phagosomal phospholipids PI(3)P, PS and PI(4)P. Levels of PI(4)P, a lysosome docking lipid, are rescued by Sec22b re-expression and by expression of the artificial tether MAPPER but not the MCS-disrupting mutant Sec22b-P33. Moreover, Sec22b co-precipitates with the PS/PI(4)P exchange protein ORP8. Wild-type, but not mutant ORP8 rescues phagosomal PI(4)P and reduces antigen degradation. Sec22b, MAPPER and ORP8 but not P33 or mutant-ORP8 restores phagolysosome fusion in knockdown cells. These findings clarify an alternative mechanism through which Sec22b controls phagosome maturation and beg a reassessment of the relative contribution of Sec22b-mediated fusion versus tethering to phagosome biology.
Shepherd electron effects in multiple ionization of rubidium by circularly polarized intense laser fields
Authors: Liu Shiwei , Ye Difa , Jiang Yuhai , Liu Jie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNonsequential double/multiple ionization (NSDI/NSMI) of atoms in strong laser fields is a paradigm system for studying field-intervened electron-electron correlation. However, there exists a long-standing debated topic as to how NSDI/NSMI is triggered in a circularly-polarized laser field. In this contribution, it is shown counter-intuitively that the NSMI of alkali atoms is strongly enhanced due to a mechanism induced by their intrinsic shell structure, coined as the shepherd electron effect. Specifically, we find that the early-released outermost electron (the shepherd electron) can be stabilized on the Rydberg states even after dislodging some other inner-shell electrons and thus lead to the emergence of a transient hollow atom. Experimental signatures of the shepherd electron effect and its real-time observation with the attoclock technique are discussed. These results have substantially enriched our understanding of NSMI, beyond the well-accepted cascade recollision picture. They might have applications in coherent extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) light amplification.
Challenges and opportunities for innovation in bioinformed sustainable materials
Authors: Stuart-Fox Devi , Ng Leslie , Barner Leonie , Bennett Andrew T. D. , Blamires Sean J. , Elgar Mark A. , Evans Alistair R. , Franklin Amanda M. , Hölttä-Otto Katja , Hutchison James A. , Jativa Fernando , Jessop Anna-Lee , Kelley Jennifer , McGaw Janet , Mei Jun , Mirkhalaf Mohammad , Musameh Mustafa , Neto Chiara , O’Connor Andrea J. , Schork Tim , Schröder-Turk Gerd E. , Voelcker Nicolas H. , Wang Anna , Watson Gregory S. , Watson Jolanta A. , Wesemann Lukas , Wong Wallace W. H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNature provides a rich source of information for the design of novel materials; yet there remain significant challenges in the design and manufacture of materials that replicate the form, function, and sustainability of biological solutions. Here, we identify key challenges and promising approaches to the development of materials informed by biology. These challenges fall into two main areas; the first relates to harnessing biological information for materials innovation, including key differences between biological and synthetic materials, and the relationship between structure and function. We propose an approach to materials innovation that capitalizes on biodiversity, together with high-throughput characterization of biological material architectures and properties, linked to environmental and ecological context. The second area relates to the design and manufacture of bioinformed materials, including the physical scale of material architectures and manufacturing scale up. We suggest ways to address these challenges and promising prospects for a bioinformed approach to materials innovation.
Using machine learning to predict the efficiency of biochar in pesticide remediation
Authors: Nighojkar Amrita , Pandey Shilpa , Naebe Minoo , Kandasubramanian Balasubramanian , Soboyejo Winston Wole , Plappally Anand , Wang Xungai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPesticides have remarkably contributed to protecting crop production and increase food production. Despite the improved food availability, the unavoidable ubiquity of pesticides in the aqueous media has significantly threatened human microbiomes and biodiversity. The use of biochar to remediate pesticides in soil water offers a sustainable waste management option for agriculture. The optimal conditions for efficient pesticide treatment via biochar are aqueous-matrix specific and differ amongst studies. Here, we use a literature database on biochar applications for aqueous environments contaminated with pesticides and employ ensemble machine learning models (i.e., CatBoost, LightGBM, and RF) to predict the adsorption behavior of pesticides. The results reveal that the textural properties of biochar, pesticide concentration, and dosage were the significant parameters affecting pesticide removal from water. The data-driven modeling intervention offers an empirical perspective toward the balanced design and optimized usage of biochar for capturing emerging micro-pollutants from water in agricultural systems.