bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictable EPS growth and the performance of value investing
Authors: Sloan Richard G. , Wang Annika Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Previous research finds that EPS growth rates are difficult to predict and reasons that much of the observed cross-sectional variation in valuation ratios is due to variation in implied future stock returns. Yet the observed cross-sectional relation between valuation ratios and realized future stock returns is weak. We revisit these findings using a refined measure of expected EPS growth rates and document robust evidence of predictability in EPS growth rates. Moreover, we find that this predictable growth extends beyond two years into the future and is strongly reflected in observed valuation ratios. We show that combining valuation ratios with our refined measure of expected EPS growth rates improves forecasts of stock returns, though return predictability remains weak. Thus, we conclude that most of the variation in valuation ratios is driven by predictable EPS growth.
Discovery of a Cataclastic Shear Zone from the East Dharwar Craton, India
Authors: Chetty T. R. K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A new cataclastic shear zone, exposed between Rangapur and Shivannaguda, from the East Dharwar Craton, is reported here for the first time. The shear zone is characterized by breccias, cataclasites, mylonites and intense fracturing suggesting that the rocks are subjected to brittle-ductile transitional deformation. Image interpretation and preliminary field observations suggest that the shear zone stands out as a potential field example for demonstration and future geoscientific investigations.
Treatment of Frey Syndrome with Botulinum Toxin-A: A Practical Approach from Minor’s Test to Injection
Authors: Fiedler Lukas S. , Burk Fabian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Frey's syndrome, described by Lucy Frey in 1923, is a unique condition characterized by sweating, flushing, and reddening as a direct response to mastication. This phenomenon results from the aberrant regeneration of postganglionic parasympathetic neurons originating from the auriculotemporal nerve and the subsequent acetylcholine secretion induced by masticatory stimuli. Although rare, this syndrome can have multiple underlying causes and is frequently observed, occurring in up to 65% of cases following lateral parotid resections. Additionally, it can less commonly manifest after neck dissection, facelift procedures, or be associated with diabetes mellitus.

Method
This article outlines a comprehensive diagnostic algorithm for Frey's syndrome, which includes the utilization of the Minor-Starch-Iodine Test. This test is a key component in diagnosing the syndrome and is discussed in detail, providing insights into its procedure and interpretation. Additionally, the gold standard of treatment for established Frey's syndrome, botulinum toxin A, is thoroughly described, including its mechanism of action, administration, and potential side effects.

Discussion
Finally, the article underscores the need for further research to enhance our understanding of Frey's syndrome, leading to better diagnostic methods and more tailored treatment options for patients.
How consumption carbon emission intensity varies across Spanish households
Authors: Basso Henrique S. , Dimakou Ourania , Pidkuyko Myroslav 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe prominence of emissions mitigating policies call for an understanding of their potential distributional impact. To assess this heterogeneity, we quantify and analyse the consumption emission intensity, defined as carbon emissions per unit of consumption, across households in Spain. With the exception of the poorest households, emission intensity decreases with income and peaks for households whose head is middle-aged (40 years old). Moreover, households whose main earner is less educated and male, and who live in smaller cities and rent their main residence, also emit more per unit of expenditure and thus, may be disproportionably impacted by emissions mitigating policies.
11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD11B1) gene expression in muscle is linked to reduced skeletal muscle index in sarcopenic patients
Authors: Schluessel Sabine , Zhang Wei , Nowotny Hanna , Bidlingmaier Martin , Hintze Stefan , Kunz Sonja , Martini Sebastian , Mehaffey Stefan , Meinke Peter , Neuerburg Carl , Schmidmaier Ralf , Schoser Benedikt , Reisch Nicole , Drey Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Glucocorticoids play a significant role in metabolic processes and pathways that impact muscle size, mass, and function. The expression of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD11B1) has been previously described as a major regulator of skeletal muscle function in glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy and aging humans. Our study aimed to investigate glucocorticoid metabolism, including the expression of HSD11B1 in skeletal muscle, in patients with sarcopenia.

Methods
Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle of thirty-three patients over 60 years of age with hip fractures. Sarcopenia status was assessed according to the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. Skeletal muscle mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Cortisol and cortisone concentrations were measured in serum. Gene expression analysis of HSD11B1, NR3C1, FBXO32, and TRIM63 in muscle biopsies was performed. Serial cross sections of skeletal muscle were labeled with myosin heavy chain slow (fiber type-1) and fast (fiber type-2) antibodies.

Results
The study included 33 patients (21 women) with a mean age of 82.5 ± 6.3 years, 17 patients revealed sarcopenic (n = 16 non-sarcopenic). Serum cortisone concentrations were negatively correlated with muscle mass (ß =  − 0.425; p = 0.034) and type-2 fiber diameter (ß =  − 0.591; p = 0.003). Gene expression of HSD11B1 (ß =  − 0.673; p = 0.008) showed a negative correlation with muscle mass in the sarcopenic group. A significant correlation was found for the non-sarcopenic group for NR3C1 (ß = 0.548; p = 0.028) and muscle mass.

Conclusion
These findings suggest a pathogenetic role of HSD11B1 in sarcopenic muscle.
Electro-cementation of calcareous sand using colloidal silica (CS) nanoparticles and alumina powder
Authors: Ashour Nermeen Fouad , Hussein Ashraf Kamal , El Sherbeeny Rami Mahmoud , Omar Omar Osman , Khedr Safwan Abbas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe research investigates the effectiveness of a ground improvement technique that involves the electro-cementation of an onshore calcareous sand containing 95.3% calcium carbonate through a series of laboratory experiments. Colloidal silica (CS) nanoparticles and alumina powder were introduced as pozzolanic materials in the sand, and a direct current (DC) was passed through the sand-silica-alumina mix inside an electrokinetic (EK) cell. The method resulted in the electro-cementation of the calcareous sand through the formation of calcium silicate hydrates (C–S–Hs) and calcium aluminate hydrates (C–A–Hs) as products of the pozzolanic reactions between Ca(OH)2, SiO2 and Al2O3 after electrolysis occurred. Iron-rich cements were also formed by the degradation of anodes. These newly formed compounds changed the nature of the treated soil from a granular material into a rock. Results show that the compressive strength of the resulting rock formation is significantly improved. The treatment can be considered as an artificial lithification process through which the nature of the treated soil was changed from a granular material into a rock formation. The electro-cementation achieved by the treatment was further assessed by spectroscopic analyses including FE-SEM, EDX and XRD, which confirmed the formation of cementing agents within the structure of the treated sand. Potential applications of the technique include caissons, highway construction projects, dune fixation and erosion control, in addition to liquefaction mitigation due to electrolysis of pore water and plugging the pores with cementitious materials.
Agroecosystem modeling of reactive nitrogen emissions from U.S. agricultural soils with carbon amendments
Authors: Luo Lina , Cohan Daniel S. , Masiello Caroline A. , Lychuk Taras E. , Gao Xiaodong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFertilizer-intensive agriculture is a leading source of reactive nitrogen (Nr) emissions that damage climate, air quality, and human health. Biochar has long been studied as a soil amendment, but its influence on Nr emissions remains insufficiently characterized. More recently, the pyrolysis of light hydrocarbons has been suggested as a source of hydrogen fuel, resulting in a solid zero-valent carbon (ZVC) byproduct whose impact on soil emissions has yet to be tested. We incorporate carbon amendment algorithms into an agroecosystem model to simulate emission changes in the year following the application of biochar or ZVC to the US. fertilized soils. Our simulations predicted that the impacts of biochar amendments on Nr emissions would vary widely (− 17% to + 27% under 5 ton ha−1 applications, − 38% to + 18% under 20 ton ha−1 applications) and depend mostly on how nitrification is affected. Low-dose biochar application (5 ton ha−1) stimulated emissions of all three nitrogen species in 75% of simulated agricultural areas, while high-dose applications (20 ton ha−1) mitigated emissions in 76% of simulated areas. Applying zero-valent carbon at 20 ton ha−1 exhibited similar effects on nitrogen emissions as biochar applications at 5 ton ha−1. Biochar amendments are most likely to mitigate emissions if applied at high rates in acidic soils (pH < 5.84) with low organic carbon (< 55.9 kg C ha−1) and inorganic nitrogen (< 101.5 kg N ha−1) content. Our simulations could inform where the application of carbon amendments would most likely mitigate Nr emissions and their associated adverse impacts.
Graphical Abstract
The Sacraments of the Law and the Law of the Sacraments
Authors: Hahn Judith 
Published: November 2023

'Sacramentality' can serve as a category that helps to understand the performative power of religious and legal rituals. Through the analysis of 'sacraments', we can observe how law uses sacramentality to change reality through performative action, and how religion uses law to organise religious rituals, including sacraments. The study of sacramental action thus shows how law and religion intertwine to produce legal, spiritual, and other social effects. In this volume, Judith Hahn explores this interplay by interpreting the Catholic sacraments as examples of sacro-legal symbols that draw on the sacramental functioning of the law to provide both spiritual and legal goods to church members. By focusing on sacro-legal symbols from the perspective of sacramental theology, legal studies, ritual theory, symbol theory, and speech act theory, Hahn's study reveals how law and religion work hand in hand to shape our social reality.
Analysis of modern fan manufacturing variations and their links to Jet-engine performance
Authors: Shahpar S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEvery manufacturing procedure is subject to tolerance variations. Over the years, a set of key characteristic features (KCF) that can explain the effect of manufacturing variations on the aero-mechanical performance of a fan blade has been devised and monitored to ensure conformality and good performance. The KCFs are derived from a cloud of coordinate measurement machine (CMM) points and are defined on approved engineering drawings for the manufactured part. In this paper, it is demonstrated that some of the traditional, common wisdom KCFs are not adequate to explain the engine performance deviation behaviour on a test bed at the sea-level condition. On the other hand, good correlation is found by analysing a set of engineering parameters drawn from a new inverse-mapping procedure of the CMM data. It is further demonstrated that a deviation measured via CMM or 3D structured light (GOM) data in cold conditions can be translated to a variation in the hot running shape of the blade. Having identified the key blade features, a cheap alternative to modifying the manufacturing procedure is devised to recover the fan performance by optimising its leading-edge shape.
Evaluation of global sensitivity analysis methods for computational structural mechanics problems
Authors: Crusenberry Cody R. , Sobey Adam J. , TerMaath Stephanie C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The curse of dimensionality confounds the comprehensive evaluation of computational structural mechanics problems. Adequately capturing complex material behavior and interacting physics phenomenon in models can lead to long run times and memory requirements resulting in the need for substantial computational resources to analyze one scenario for a single set of input parameters. The computational requirements are then compounded when considering the number and range of input parameters spanning material properties, loading, boundary conditions, and model geometry that must be evaluated to characterize behavior, identify dominant parameters, perform uncertainty quantification, and optimize performance. To reduce model dimensionality, global sensitivity analysis (GSA) enables the identification of dominant input parameters for a specific structural performance output. However, many distinct types of GSA methods are available, presenting a challenge when selecting the optimal approach for a specific problem. While substantial documentation is available in the literature providing details on the methodology and derivation of GSA methods, application-based case studies focus on fields such as finance, chemistry, and environmental science. To inform the selection and implementation of a GSA method for structural mechanics problems for a nonexpert user, this article investigates five of the most widespread GSA methods with commonly used structural mechanics methods and models of varying dimensionality and complexity. It is concluded that all methods can identify the most dominant parameters, although with significantly different computational costs and quantitative capabilities. Therefore, method selection is dependent on computational resources, information required from the GSA, and available data.
The bureaucratic politics of authoritarian repression: intra-agency reform and surveillance capacity in communist Poland
Authors: Thomson Henry 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCoercive institutions' internal structures remain poorly understood. Bureaucratic reorganizations within security institutions cause significant variation in their behavior, however. Intra-agency reforms interact with officers' careerist incentives to cause changes in coercive capacity or repression. In this paper, I test the effects of intra-agency reforms on surveillance capacity. I exploit a rare source of exogenous variation in the structure of the secret police in communist Poland. Difference-in-differences models find that when security headquarters were duplicated through an administrative reform, the proliferation of higher-level posts within the service caused a large and statistically significant increase in the number of informants it employed. Intra-agency reform substantially altered the agency's coercive capacity. Previously overlooked dynamics within coercive institutions have important effects on authoritarian repression.
RADIOCARBON DATING OF ASIAN LACQUERS: MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND ASSESSMENT OF A PRETREATMENT METHOD PRIOR TO ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Wojcieszak M , Veenhoven J , Van den Brande T , Saverwyns S , Lynen F , Boudin M 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTLacquerwork technologies comprise multiple techniques depending on countries, time, and traditions. Carved Asian lacquers applied on wooden objects consist of multiple thin uncolored or pigmented layers spread over the surface. To radiocarbon (14C) date these types of objects, often only the wooden structure is used. Here we report on a set of carved lacquered objects that were dated based on stylistic form,14C dating of the wooden structure and of the Asian lacquers. THM-Py-GC-MS and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used to confirm the molecular composition of the lacquers and helped assessing the pretreatment protocol. The lacquers analyzed contained between 20 and 50% wt carbon, thus 2–5 mg of sample were necessary for14C dating. The dates obtained on wood and lacquers showed a reliable correlation. The results suggest that, in most cases, it is sufficient to sample a part of the lacquer layers to date an object. We advise to perform an acid pretreatment followed by a successive solvent immersion with an increasing polarity. Dating different components of a lacquered object can also help to understand previous restoration interventions that frequently occur for ancient lacquered objects. Ceramic, metallic, and other objects covered with Asian lacquers can also be dated using this approach.
Alcaeus, Pittakos ‘son of “Hyrras”’, and the Lesbian aristocracy, or ‘How to do things with words’
Authors: Dale Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper offers a reassessment of the representation of Pittakos, tyrant of Lesbos, in Alcaeus’ verse. I begin by examining the textual evidence for Pittakos’ father, Hyrras, before progressing to re-evaluate the evidence for the aristocratic clans of Lesbos as attested in the Lesbian poets. Building on this, and with reference to the patronymic/gentilicArkheanaktidāsseemingly used of Pittakos in Alcaeus, I relate the preponderance of patronymic forms found in Alcaeus’ verse to the iambic and comedic use of ‘characterizing’ patronymics in -(ι)δᾱς. I then argue that both ῎Υρρας and Ἀρχϵανακτίδας are to be interpreted via a cross-cultural and bilingual rhetoric of kingship, with the latter being in essence a calque of a Lydian intermediary of the Luwian designationura- handawati-, ‘great king’, with ὔρρας and its derivatives in Alcaeus a nominalization of the Luwian adjectival stemura-, ‘great’. This argument is then related to the increasing evidence for Lesbos as a central locus for Graeco-Anatolian cultural exchange. The end result is a comprehensive reassessment of historical reconstructions emanating from the texts of Sappho and Alcaeus, as well as a reassessment of Alcaeus’ poetic objectives in his attacks on Pittakos, ‘son of Hyrras’.
Fair equality of chances for prediction-based decisions
Authors: Loi Michele , Herlitz Anders , Heidari Hoda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article presents a fairness principle for evaluating decision-making based on predictions: a decision rule is unfair when the individuals directly impacted by the decisions who are equal with respect to the features that justify inequalities in outcomes do not have the same statistical prospects of being benefited or harmed by them, irrespective of their socially salient morally arbitrary traits. The principle can be used to evaluate prediction-based decision-making from the point of view of a wide range of antecedently specified substantive views about justice in outcome distributions.
Teaching Bioethics Today: Waking from Dogmatic Curricular Slumbers
Authors: Fleck Leonard M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Dobbs decision has precipitated renewed medical, political, and professional interest in the issue of abortion. Because this decision handed responsibility for regulation of abortion back to the states, and because the states are enacting or have enacted policies that tend to be very permissive or very restrictive, the result has been legal and professional confusion for physicians and their patients. Medical education cannot resolve either the legal or ethical issues regarding abortion. However, medical education must prepare future physicians for caring for patients seeking abortion-related services. Physicians must be prepared to interact appropriately (sensitively and with integrity) with patients or colleagues whose views on abortion differ significantly from their own. This essay describes our educational effort to achieve that objective. The motto that governed this exercise was “No Easy Answers.”
Logging in to Learn: The Effects of Online Civic Education Pedagogy on a Latinx and AAPI Civic Engagement Youth Conference
Authors: Lamb Matt 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTCivic education is essential to the health of any democracy. When COVID-19 emerged in the spring of 2020, almost all civic education efforts went online. This increased interest in the effectiveness of online civic education. Does it lead to similar outcomes as in-person education? I used student evaluations from a youth civic engagement conference co-run by Latinx and Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) non-profit organizations to compare learning outcomes on multiple dimensions of civic education, from an in-person conference in 2019 and an online conference in 2020. I find that although students improved over the course of both conferences, the 2019 in-person conference yielded slightly greater improvement in civic knowledge confidence than the online conference. Other dimensions—verifiable knowledge, self-efficacy, and community consciousness—increased after participation in the conference in both years; however, the increases were similar between the online and in-person formats.
The United Nations of IR: power, knowledge, and empire in Global IR debates
Authors: Barkawi Tarak , Murray Christopher , Zarakol Ayşe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper critiques a core premise of Global IR: the association of knowledge with geography, which we term geo-epistemology. It argues that ‘American’ and Global IR share a Eurocentric spatial imaginary, one that was a product of Western expansion and empire. Through its geo-epistemology, Global IR enables a conservative appropriation of the critique of Eurocentrism in IR. Globality becomes a matter of assembling sufficient geographic representation rather than an analysis of the discipline's political, historical, and spatial assumptions. Anglo-American policymakers and intellectuals invented the national/international world to replace the world of empires and races that came apart in the era of the world wars. This UN world of sovereign nation-states and their regional groupings was the foundational move of both what Stanley Hoffman called ‘the American social science’ – IR – and the American-centred world order. The paper uses the reception and legacy of Hoffman's classic essay to show how culture replaced power and history in the study of the discipline, obfuscating the Eurocentrism of Global IR.