bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4,4′‐Dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) concentrations in egg shells as a predictor of nicarbazin consumption and DNC dose in goose eggs
Authors: Stahl Randal S , VerCauteren Kurt C , Kohler Dennis , Johnston John J 
Published: August 2003

AbstractNicarbazin is being investigated as an infertility agent for the control of non‐migratory Canada geese (Branta canadensis L) populations. Nicarbazin is presently registered for use as a coccidiostat for poultry. Geese fed sufficient quantities of nicarbazin will lay non‐viable eggs. We established nicarbazin consumption by measuring the concentration of a component of the formulation, 4,4′‐dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) in the egg contents (yolk, albumin) in non‐viable eggs. To estimate the nicarbazin consumption of birds that laid viable eggs (eggs that hatched or contained an embryo), a high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed to measure the concentration of DNC in egg shells. A statistically significant correlation was established using linear regression between the mean concentrations of DNC in the egg shell and in the egg contents in non‐viable eggs. Viable eggs were estimated to contain lower levels of DNC than non‐viable eggs. DNC concentrations in both the egg contents and the egg shell increased with increases in nicarbazin dose in feed. Our method allows for the estimation of nicarbazin consumption and DNC dose in eggs under field conditions, which is important in developing an effective infertility agent for over‐abundant non‐migratory goose populations. Published in 2003 for SCI by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Approximate ansatz for the expansion of the spherically averaged wave function in terms of interelectronic separation r12 for the Hookean atom, atomic ions, and the H2 molecule
Authors: Amovilli C. , Nagy Á. , March N. H. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractFor the two‐electron Hookean atom, it is first emphasized that, for a specific force constant k = 1/4, the ground‐state wave function has a simple dependence on the interelectronic separation r12, namely, (1 + ½r12)exp(−⅛r). For this two‐electron model, therefore, the study of Rassolov and Chipman on the electron–electron cusp conditions on the spherically averaged wave function for the N electron atomic ions can be generalized to all orders in the interelectronic separation r12. This Hookean model has therefore been used to give some justification for an ansatz for the spherically averaged wave function in atomic ions with N electrons for N ≥ 2. Several approximate two‐electron wave functions satisfying the Rassolov and Chipman conditions were tested and found to give excellent results. Another ansatz has been tested numerically on the ground state of two‐electron atomic ions and the H2 molecule. Finally, for the Hookean atom a partial differential equation that is essentially for the pair correlation density is given in the Appendix. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 95: 21–29, 2003
Structural and electronic properties of PbZrxTi1‐xO3 (x = 0.5, 0.375): A quantum chemical study
Authors: Zambrano Cesar , Sanchez Alfredo , Procel Luis Miguel , Stashans Arvids 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe structural and electronic properties of the PZT materials PbZr0.5Ti0.5O3 and PbZr0.375Ti0.625O3 were studied by means of a Hartree–Fock quantum chemical semiempirical method that employs a periodic large unit cell (LUC) model. The atomic relaxation observed upon introduction of the Zr impurities resulted in outward oxygen atom displacements along the 〈100〉 direction for the cubic phases and varied oxygen and lead atom movements for the tetragonal structures. For these materials, the conduction bands (CB) were composed mainly of Pb 6p atomic orbitals with less important contributions of Zr 4d and Ti 3d states. The upper valence band (UVB) for the cubic phases was mostly Pb 6s in nature, with minor contribution of O 2p atomic orbitals. The tetragonal phase on the other hand was formed by Pb 6s with some contribution of admixed O 2p with Zr s atomic orbitals. The optical band gap (ΔSCF method) was found to decrease going from the cubic to the tetragonal phase in both titanates. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 95: 37–43, 2003
Time‐dependent wave packet approach to Rabi oscillation in strong laser field
Authors: Meng Qing‐Tian , Yang Guang‐Hui , Han Ke‐Li 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe phenomenon of Rabi oscillation is obtained in the investigation of the NO multiphoton ionization (MPI) in femtosecond laser fields. The “split operator‐Fourier transform” method of wave packet propagation is used in the representation of Rabi oscillation of population in each electronic state of NO molecule. The origin of Rabi oscillation and the effect on multiphoton ionization is analyzed. The high‐frequency oscillation riding on the top of Rabi oscillation is attributed to the nonrotating wave component in strong laser fields. Also illustrated is that through adjusting the pump‐probe delay time and the laser intensity appropriately the control of the ionization yield can be realized. This idea may be important for the laser control of chemical reaction. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 95: 30–36, 2003
Molecular spectra from rotationally invariant Hamiltonians based on the quantum algebra suq(2) and irreducible tensor operators under suq(2)
Authors: Bonatsos Dennis , Kotsos B. A. , Raychev P. P. , Terziev P. A. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe rotational invariance under the usual physical angular momentum of the suq(2) Hamiltonian for the description of rotational molecular spectra is explicitly proved and a connection of this Hamiltonian to the formalism of Amal'sky is provided. In addition, a new Hamiltonian for rotational spectra is introduced, based on the construction of irreducible tensor operators (ITOs) under suq(2) and use of q‐deformed tensor products and q‐deformed Clebsch–Gordan coefficients. The rotational invariance of this suq(2) ITO Hamiltonian under the usual physical angular momentum is explicitly proved and a simple closed expression for its energy spectrum (the “hyperbolic tangent formula”) is introduced. Numerical tests against an experimental rotational band of the HF molecule are provided. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 95: 1–20, 2003
SCC‐DFTB‐D study of intercalating carcinogens: Benzo(a)pyrene and its metabolites complexed with the G–C base pair
Authors: Kumar Anil , Elstner Marcus , Suhai Sándor 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe interaction of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) and its metabolites with the G–C base pair has been studied using the self‐consistent‐charge, density functional tight‐binding(SCC‐DFTB‐D) method, augmented by the empirical London dispersion energy term. Structures of the complexes corresponding to a minimum interaction energy obtained using a constrained rigid body search were fully optimized. It is found that the benzylic ring of BP and its anti‐conformers is located below the NH2 group of guanine while the syn‐conformers exhibit a different binding pattern. The BP triol carbocation (BPTC) in the anti‐conformation is stabilized by an additional hydrogen bond between the hydrogen atom of the OH group of BPTC and the N3 atom of guanine of the G–C base pair. The benzylic ring of BPTC directed toward the minor groove side whereas the pyrenyl ring stacks below the cytosine covering the hydrogen bond region. Guanine bends toward the benzylic ring, making an angle of ∼11–15° with the pyrene ring. The calculated equilibrium structures are in good agreement with the available experimental and other theoretical results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 95: 44–59, 2003
New generation of mucosal adjuvants for the induction of protective immunity
Authors: Yuki Yoshikazu , Kiyono Hiroshi 
Published: August 2003

AbstractInvasion of infectious agents through mucosal surfaces can be prevented by use of the common mucosal immune system (CMIS), which interconnects inductive tissues, including Peyer's patches (PPs) and nasopharyngeal‐associated lymphoreticular tissue (NALT), and effector tissues of the intestinal and respiratory tracts. In order for the CMIS to induce maximal protective mucosal immunity, co‐administration of mucosal adjuvant has been shown to be essential. When vaccine antigen is administered together with mucosal adjuvant, antigen‐specific T‐helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and IgA B cell responses are effectively induced by oral or nasal routes via the CMIS. In the early stages of induction of mucosal immune response, the uptake of orally or nasally administered antigens is achieved through a unique set of antigen‐sampling cells, M cells located in follicle‐associated epithelium (FAE) of inductive sites. After successful uptake, the antigens are immediately processed and presented by the underlying dendritic cells (DCs). Elucidation of the molecular/cellular characteristics of M cells and mucosal DCs will greatly facilitate the design of a new generation of effective mucosal adjuvants and of a vaccine delivery vehicle that maximises the use of the CMIS. Our recent efforts at mucosal vaccine development have focused on nasal administration of vaccine antigen together with nontoxic mutant‐based or cytokine‐/chemokine‐based adjuvant for the induction of the protective immunity. To this end, a chimeric form of a nontoxic adjuvant combining the merits of mutant cholera toxin A subunit (mCT‐A) and heat labile toxin B subunit (LT‐B) was created as the second generation of detoxified toxin‐based mucosal adjuvant. When a vaccine antigen was coexpressed together with an immune stimulatory/delivery molecule in crop seed, this edible vaccine is not only effective but also extremely practical in that it can be produced in huge quantities and preserved and shipped over long distances at room temperature without altering the quality of the vaccine. Because such qualities would greatly facilitate global vaccination, this new generation edible vaccines with a built‐in adjuvant and/or M cell‐targeted edible vaccine promises to be a powerful weapon for combating infectious diseases and bioterrorism. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polio eradication: the OPV paradox
Authors: Dowdle Walter R. , De Gourville Esther , Kew Olen M. , Pallansch Mark A. , Wood David J. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractRoutine and mass administration of oral polio vaccine (OPV) since 1961 has prevented many millions of cases of paralytic poliomyelitis. The public health value of this inexpensive and easily administered product has been extraordinary. Progress of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative has further defined the value of OPV as well as its risk through vaccine‐associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and vaccine‐derived polioviruses (VDPV). Although both are rare, once wild poliovirus transmission has been interrupted by OPV, the only poliomyelitis due to poliovirus will be caused by OPV. Poliovirus will be eradicated only when OPV use is discontinued. This paradox provides a major incentive for eventually stopping polio immunization or replacing OPV, but it also introduces complexity into the process of identifying safe and scientifically sound strategies for doing so. The core post eradication immunization issues include the risk/benefits of continued OPV use, the extent of OPV replacement with IPV, possible strategies for discontinuing OPV, and the potential for development and licensure of a safe and effective replacement for OPV. Formulation of an informed post eradication immunization policy requires careful evaluation of polio epidemiology, surveillance capability, vaccine availability, laboratory containment, and the risks posed by the very tool responsible for successful interruption of wild poliovirus transmission. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protein kinases conserved in herpesviruses potentially share a function mimicking the cellular protein kinase cdc2
Authors: Kawaguchi Yasushi , Kato Kentaro 
Published: August 2003

AbstractHerpesviruses encode protein kinases. A subset of these proteins, represented by HSV‐1 UL13, are conserved throughout all members of the Herpesviridae, and here, are designated CHPKs (conserved herpesvirus protein kinases). In addition to conserved gene products like CHPKs, herpesviruses encode genes specific to respective herpesviruses. When acting upon conserved viral gene products or cellular factors, CHPKs may play conserved roles in the life cycles of herpesviruses. CHPKs may also express unique functions within the infectious process of individual herpesviruses when specific viral gene products are targeted. CHPKs demonstrate specific activity in multiple herpesvirus infections, functioning in the regulation of viral gene expression in HSV‐1, tissue tropism in VZV, and viral DNA synthesis, encapsidation and egress from the nucleus in HCMV. The HCMV CHPK, however, can partially substitute for the HSV‐1 CHPK. Representative CHPKs from all Herpesviridae subfamilies can also facilitate the hyperphosphorylation of the cellular translation factor, EF‐1δ. This indicates that CHPKs have conserved functions. Recent data have shown that both CHPKs and a cellular protein kinase, cdc2, phosphorylate the same amino acid residues of target proteins. Thus, CHPKs may mimic cdc2 function in infected cells. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Xenotransplantation and pig endogenous retroviruses
Authors: Magre Saema , Takeuchi Yasuhiro , Bartosch Birke 
Published: August 2003

AbstractXenotransplantation, in particular transplantation of pig cells, tissues and organs into human patients, may alleviate the current shortage of suitable allografts available for human transplantation. This overview addresses the physiological, immunological and virological factors considered with regard to xenotransplantation. Among the issues reviewed are the merits of using pigs as xenograft source species, the compatibility of pig and human organ physiology and the immunological hindrances with regard to the various types of rejection and attempts at abrogating rejection. Advances in the prevention of pig organ rejection by creating genetically modified pigs that are more suited to the human microenvironment are also discussed. Finally, with regard to virology, possible zoonotic infections emanating from pigs are reviewed, with special emphasis on the pig endogenous retrovirus (PERV). An in depth account of PERV studies, comprising their discovery as well as recent knowledge of the virus, is given. To date, all retrospective studies on patients with pig xenografts have shown no evidence of PERV transmission, however, many factors make us interpret these results with caution. Although the lack of PERV infection in xenograft recipients up to now is encouraging, more basic research and controlled animal studies that mimic the pig to human xenotransplantation setting more closely are required for safety assessment. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Refined discretized Lyapunov functional method for systems with multiple delays
Authors: Gu Keqin 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe previously proposed discretized Lyapunov functional method for systems with multiple delay is refined using variable elimination and Jensen inequality. The resulting new stability criterion is simpler. Numerical examples indicate that the new method is much less conservative for a given discretization mesh. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear controls for a class of discrete‐time bilinear systems
Authors: Chen Min‐Shin , Hwang Yean‐Ren , Huang Kun‐Chi 
Published: August 2003

AbstractFor a discrete‐time neutrally stable bilinear system, a nonlinear state feedback control based on the passivity design has been proposed to stabilize the system globally and asymptotically. This paper shows that the decay rate resulting from the passivity control is not exponential, and the system's response speed becomes very sluggish asymptotically. A ‘normalized’ nonlinear control is therefore proposed to achieve exponential stability. The new exponentially stabilizing control not only improves the system's response speed, but also enhances the system's robustness against small parametric perturbations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic force/torque balance of 2D polygonal objects by a pair of rolling contacts and sensory‐motor coordination
Authors: Arimoto S. , Yoshida M. , Bae J.‐H. , Tahara K. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractIt is well known that three frictionless fingers suffice to immobilize any 2D object with triangular shape but four fingers are necessary for a parallelepiped. However, it has been recently shown that only two fingers are enough to realize secure grasp of a rigid object with parallel flat surfaces in a dynamic sense if finger ends have a hemispherical shape with appropriate radius and thereby rollings are induced between finger ends and object surfaces. This paper focuses on the two problems: (1) dynamic force/torque balance of 2D polygonal objects under the effect of gravity force by means of a pair of rolling contacts and (2) concurrent realization of dynamically secure grasp and orientation control of 2D polygonal objects by using a pair of multi‐fingered hands with hemispherical ends and sensory feedback signals without knowing object kinematics and mass center. It is shown that the force/torque balance can be attained by controlling both the contact positions and inducing adequate forces in both normal and tangential directions at each of contact points indirectly through finger joints without knowing object mass center and other kinematic parameters. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Designing and optimization of parameters of delta‐4 parallel manipulator for a given workspace
Authors: Kosinska A. , Galicki M. , Kedzior K. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractIn the paper, the algorithm of designing some geometrical parameters of a Delta parallel manipulator has been described. The manipulator is to work in a specified workspace, which is given as a set of points. The first step of the algorithm seeks the possible solutions, and because there are an infinite number of them, the objective of the second step is to limit the number by an optimization. Owing to this, it is possible to find parameters of the manipulator, whose workspace contains the specified points. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Design issues of mobile haptic interfaces
Authors: Nitzsche Norbert , Hanebeck Uwe D. , Schmidt G. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractAs a novel approach to force‐reflecting telepresence, the concept ofmobile haptic interfaces(MHI) is presented. An MHIactivelyfollows the locomotion of an operator, who is no longer bound to be stationary during teleoperation. Thus, operator locomotion can be used as an input for locomotion control of a real teleoperator or control of locomotion in a virtual environment while keeping the advantage of force‐reflection. The article focuses on basic design issues and presents a prototype MHI for haptic exploration of extended virtual environments. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Case study: robotic person following using fuzzy control and image segmentation
Authors: Tarokh M. , Ferrari P. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe paper proposes a scheme for amobile robot to follow a person in reasonably complex dynamic environments. The scheme consists of an image processing technique for person identification, and a fuzzy controller for following the person. The identification process utilizes image color, shape characteristics, and a region growing technique. The fuzzy logic controller receives image data such as the mass, center of mass, and their rates of change to produce steering and speed commands for the robot. A behavior control strategy is also incorporated to cope with several situations, such as hazard, that are not accounted for in the fuzzy controller. Descriptions of the software/hardware as well as experimental setup and results are provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the scheme. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Design and construction of continuous alternate wheels for an omnidirectional mobile robot
Authors: Byun Kyung‐Seok , Song Jae‐Bok 
Published: August 2003

AbstractMany types of omnidirectional wheels with passive rollers have gaps between rollers. Since these gaps cause a wheel to make discontinuous contact with the ground, they lead to vertical and/or horizontal vibrations during wheel operation. In addition, the radii of passive rollers are related to the height of a bump an omnidirectional wheel can surmount. In this research a new design of the alternate wheel is proposed. Because this wheel makes continuous contact with the ground and has alternating large and small rollers around the wheel, it is termed a continuous alternate wheel (CAW). In this paper a design procedure is also presented to determine the optimum number of rollers, the radii of rollers and the inside inclination angle of an outer roller for given design specifications. The CAW based on this design is compared to the existing alternate wheels in terms of design. Finally, an actual continuous alternate wheel is constructed to verify validity of the design guidelines. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regularity properties for triple systems
Authors: Nagle Brendan , Rödl Vojtěch 
Published: August 2003

AbstractSzemerédi's Regularity Lemma proved to be a powerful tool in the area of extremal graph theory J. Komlós and M. Simonovits, Szemerédi's Regularity Lemma and its applications in graph theory, Combinatorics 2 (1996), 295–352. Many of its applications are based on the following technical fact: If G is a k‐partite graph with V(G) = ∪Vi, |Vi| = n for all i ∈ [k], and all pairs {Vi, Vj}, 1 ≤ i < j ≤ k, are ϵ‐regular of density d, then G contains dnk(1 + f(ϵ)) cliques K, where f(ϵ) → 0 as ϵ → 0. The aim of this paper is to establish the analogous statement for 3‐uniform hypergraphs. Our result, to which we refer as The Counting Lemma, together with Theorem 3.5 of P. Frankl and V. Rödl [Extremal problems on set systems, Random Structures Algorithms 20(2) (2002), 131–164, a Regularity Lemma for Hypergraphs, can be applied in various situations as Szemerédi's Regularity Lemma is for graphs. Some of these applications are discussed in previous papers, as well as in upcoming papers, of the authors and others. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 23: 264–332, 2003
On the noise sensitivity of monotone functions
Authors: Mossel Elchanan , O'Donnell Ryan 
Published: August 2003

AbstractIt is known that for all monotone functions f : {0, 1}n → {0, 1}, if x ∈ {0, 1}n is chosen uniformly at random and y is obtained from x by flipping each of the bits of x independently with probability ϵ = n−α, then P[f(x) ≠ f(y)] < cn−α+1/2, for some c > 0.Previously, the best construction of monotone functions satisfying P[fn(x) ≠ fn(y)] ≥ δ, where 0 < δ < 1/2, required ϵ ≥ c(δ)n−α, where α = 1 − ln 2/ln 3 = 0.36907 …, and c(δ) > 0. We improve this result by achieving for every 0 < δ < 1/2, P[fn(x) ≠ fn(y)] ≥ δ, with:
ϵ = c(δ)n−α for any α < 1/2, using the recursive majority function with arity k = k(α);
ϵ = c(δ)n−1/2logtn for t = log2
$$\sqrt{\pi / 2}$$
= .3257 …, using an explicit recursive majority function with increasing arities; and
ϵ = c(δ)n−1/2, nonconstructively, following a probabilistic CNF construction due to Talagrand.
We also study the problem of achieving the best dependence on δ in the case that the noise rate ϵ is at least a small constant; the results we obtain are tight to within logarithmic factors. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 23: 333–350, 2003