bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early swallowing rehabilitation and promotion of total oral intake in patients with aspiration pneumonia: A retrospective study
Authors: Otaka Yumi , Harada Yukinori , Shiroto Kanako , Morinaga Yoshiaki , Shimizu Taro 
Published: January 2024

Objectives
To investigate the impact of early swallowing assessment and rehabilitation on the total oral intake and in-hospital mortality in patients with aspiration pneumonia.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with aspiration admitted between September 1, 2015, and October 31, 2016. The inclusion criterion was total oral intake before admission. A new protocol-based intervention for appropriate early oral intake was implemented on April 1, 2016. The protocol consisted of two steps. First, a screening test was conducted on the day of admission to detect patients who were not at high risk of dysphagia. Second, patients underwent a modified water swallowing test and water swallowing test. Patients cleared by these tests immediately initiated oral intake. The primary outcome, the composite outcomes of no recovery to total oral intake at discharge, and in-hospital mortality were compared between the patients admitted pre- and post protocol intervention.

Results
A total of 188 patients were included in the analysis (pre-, 92; post-, 96). The primary outcome did not differ between the pre- and post-intervention periods (23/92 [25.0%] vs. 18/96 [18.8%], p = 0.30). After adjusting for other variables, the intervention was significantly associated with a lower risk of composite outcomes (odds ratio, 0.22, 95%CI, 0.08–0.61, p = 0.004).

Conclusion
The new protocol for early swallowing assessment, rehabilitation, and promotion of oral intake in patients admitted with aspiration pneumonia may be associated with the lower risk for the composite outcomes of in-hospital mortality and no recovery to total oral intake.
Cost-utility analysis of sutureless and rapid deployment versus conventional aortic valve replacement in patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis in Thailand
Authors: Permsuwan Unchalee , Singhatanadgige Seri , Boonpipattanapong Kawinnooch , Slisatkorn Worawong , Chartrungsan Angsu , Nitayavardhana Prompak , Luangthong Nutthawadee , Porapakkham Pramote , Yadee Jirawit 
Published: January 2024

Background
Sutureless and rapid deployment aortic valve replacement (SUAVR) has become an alternative to conventional aortic valve replacement (CAVR) for aortic stenosis (AS) treatment due to its advantages in reducing surgery time and improving outcomes. This study aimed to assess the cost-utility of SUAVR vs. CAVR treatment for patients with moderate to severe AS in Thailand.

Methods
A two-part constructed model was used to estimate the lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) from both societal and healthcare perspectives. Data on short-term mortality, complications, cost, and utility data were obtained from the Thai population. Long-term clinical data were derived from clinical studies. Costs and QALYs were discounted annually at 3% and presented as 2022 values. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated to determine additional cost per QALY gained. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results
SUAVR treatment incurred higher costs compared with CAVR treatment from both societal (THB 1,733,355 [USD 147,897] vs THB 1,220,643 [USD 104,150]) and healthcare provider perspectives (THB 1,594,174 [USD 136,022] vs THB 1,065,460 [USD 90,910]). In addition, SUAVR treatment resulted in lower health outcomes, with 6.20 life-years (LYs) and 4.95 QALYs, while CAVR treatment achieved 6.29 LYs and 5.08 QALYs. SUAVR treatment was considered as a dominated treatment strategy using both perspectives. Sensitivity analyses indicated the significant impact of changes in utilities and long-term mortality on the model.

Conclusion
SUAVR treatment is not a cost-effective treatment strategy compared with CAVR treatment for patients with moderate-severe AS in Thailand, as it leads to higher costs and inferior health outcomes. Other important issues related to specific patients such as those with minimally invasive surgery, those undergoing AVR with concomitant procedures, and those with calcified and small aortic root should be taken into account.
Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Stool Analysis for Lactulose Titration Assistance in Hepatic Encephalopathy Through a Smartphone Application
Authors: Sordi Chara Beatriz , Hara Kamalpreet S. , Penrice Daniel , Schmidt Kathryn A. , Kassmeyer Blake A. , Anstey Jacob , Tiede David , Kamath Patrick S. , Shah Vijay H. , Bajaj Jasmohan S. , Kraus Asaf , Simonetto Douglas A. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Management of hepatic encephalopathy relies on self-titration of lactulose. In this feasibility trial, we assess an artificial intelligence–enabled tool to guide lactulose use through a smartphone application.

METHODS:
Subjects with hepatic encephalopathy on lactulose captured bowel movement pictures during lead-in and intervention phases. During the intervention phase, daily feedback on lactulose titration was delivered through the application. Goals were determined according to number of bowel movement and Bristol Stool Scale reports.

RESULTS:
Subjects completed the study with more than 80% satisfaction. In the lead-in phase, less compliant subjects achieved Bristol Stool Scale goal on 62/111 (56%) of days compared with 107/136 (79%) in the intervention phase (P = 0.041), while the most compliant subjects showed no difference. Severe/recurrent hepatic encephalopathy group achieved Bristol Stool Scale goal on 80/104 (77%) days in the lead-in phase and 90/110 (82%) days in the intervention phase (P = NS), compared with 89/143 (62%) days and 86/127 (68%) days in the stable group.

DISCUSSION:
Dieta application is a promising tool for objective Bowel Movement/Bristol Stool Scale tracking for hepatic encephalopathy and may potentially be used to assist with lactulose titration.
Prognostic nutritional index as a prognostic factor for very early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ho Chun-Ting , Chia-Hui Tan Elise , Lee Pei-Chang , Chu Chi-Jen , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Huo Teh-Ia , Hou Ming-Chih , Wu Jaw-Ching , Su Chien-Wei 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Field factors play more important roles in predicting the outcomes of patients compared with tumor factors in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the prognostic ability of non-invasive serum marker scores for hepatic fibrosis and liver functional reserve on very early-stage HCC is still not yet determined. We aimed to investigate the performance of these serum marker scores in predicting the prognoses of patients with very early-stage HCC.

Methods:
A total of 446 patients with the very early-stage HCC from 2012 to 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. Serum biomarkers and prognostic scores determining overall survival (OS) were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards model. We compared the Akaike information criterion (AIC) among the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI), albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score, EZ (easy)-ALBI score, modified ALBI score, fibrosis (FIB)-4 score and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) to determine the predictability on the OS.

Results:
After a median follow-up of 41.0 months (interquartile range IQR 36.9-45.1 months), 81 patients died, with a 5-year OS rate of 71.0%. Among the non-invasive serum marker scores, PNI had the best performance in predicting the OS with the lowest AIC (846.407) compared to other scores. Moreover, we stratified the patients into high-risk (PNI<45) and low-risk (PNI>=45) groups. It showed that the 5-year OS rates were 83.4% and 60.8% in the low-risk and high-risk PNI groups, respectively (p<0.001).

Conclusions:
PNI had the best performance in predicting the OS for patients with very early-stage HCC.
A metasurface color router facilitating RGB-NIR sensing for an image sensor application
Authors: Hong Yoon Jin , Jeon Byeong Je , Ki Yu Geun , Kim Soo Jin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
CMOS image sensor (CIS) plays a crucial role in diverse optical applications by facilitating the capture of images in the visible and near-infrared spectra. The enhancement of image resolution in CIS by an increase in pixel density is becoming more significant and realizable with the recent progress of nanofabrication. However, as pixel size decreases towards the diffraction limit, there is an inevitable trade-off between the scale-down of pixel size and the enhancement of optical sensitivity. Recently, to overcome this, an entirely new concept of spectral sensing using a nanophotonic-based color router has been proposed. In this work, we present a metasurface-based spectral router to effectively split the spectrum from visible to near-infrared and redirect through the four optical channels to the targeted pixel surfaces. We optimize the metasurface that simultaneously controls the phases of the transmitted light of targeted spectra, i.e. red (R), green (G), blue (B), and near-infrared (NIR), which is the largest number of channels reported based on a single layered metasurface and has an optical efficiency that surpasses the efficiency of conventional color filter systems.
Vortex solitons in topological disclination lattices
Authors: Huang Changming , Shang Ce , Kartashov Yaroslav V. , Ye Fangwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The existence of thresholdless vortex solitons trapped at the core of disclination lattices that realize higher-order topological insulators is reported. The study demonstrates the interplay between nonlinearity and higher-order topology in these systems, as the vortex state in the disclination lattice bifurcates from its linear topological counterpart, while the position of its propagation constant within the bandgap and localization can be controlled by its power. It is shown that vortex solitons are characterized by strong field confinement at the disclination core due to their topological nature, leading to enhanced stability. Simultaneously, the global discrete rotational symmetry of the disclination lattice imposes restrictions on the maximal possible topological charge of such vortex solitons. The results illustrate the strong stabilizing action that topologically nontrivial structures may exert on excited soliton states, opening new prospects for soliton-related applications.
On the recognitions of asemic poetry as language
Authors: Betancourt Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The recognition of a pattern of abstract marks as language is simultaneously obvious and undertheorized. Contemporary “asemic poetry” splits the recognition of language from its lexicality, providing an opportunity to consider this recognition directly. It reveals the necessary intervention of an “intentional function” that justifies considering markings as if they were encoded, i.e., as language. This essential moment of sign formation in written communication typically passes automatically without the need for consideration, but asemic poetry specifically allows meditation on that point of transition, allowing the role of cultural knowledge to become apparent in its identification, as well as the Romantic heritage which rejects mechanical reproduction and automation.
Survey of Blood Flow Restriction Training Applications in Sports Medicine and Performance Practice Across North America
Authors: Colapietro Mark A. , Lee Jungmin Z. , Vairo Giampietro L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Colapietro, MA, Lee, JZ, and Vairo, GL. Survey of blood flow restriction training applications in sports medicine and performance practice across North America. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study profiled current clinical applications of blood flow restriction (BFR) training and observed side effects by surveying active sports medicine and performance personnel across North America. An online survey consisting of questions derived from a related position statement was distributed through professional organizations, email listservs, and social media. Personnel with experience applying or prescribing BFR training with permanent residence within the United States or Canada were eligible to participate. Variables captured included demographics (profession, practice setting), BFR equipment, treatment parameters, observed side effects, and personal perceptions regarding BFR training. An alpha level of p < 0.05 determined significance. A convenience sample included 72 clinicians with 67 being from the United States. Athletic trainers (n = 35) and physical therapists (n = 30) primarily participated. Chi-square test of independence indicated that a higher proportion of physical therapists (90.3%) report receiving formal education in BFR training compared with athletic trainers (65.7%) (

= 4.1, p = 0.043). Parameters varied between respondents for exercise prescription and occlusion settings. Respondents primarily followed position statement recommendations with individualized pressure selections for resistance (80.9%) and aerobic (84.8%) BFR modes. Side effects reported included delayed onset muscle soreness (66.2%), inability to continue because of pain (28%), and numbness (22.5%). Personal perceptions between athletic trainers and physical therapists were compared using independent t-tests. Physical therapists indicated higher confidence in safety (difference = 0.37 ± 0.32, p = 0.026), understanding recommendations (difference = 0.47 ± 0.37, p = 0.011), and theoretical principles (difference = 0.80 ± 0.53, p = 0.004). Despite variation in BFR parameters used, sports medicine personnel demonstrate compliance with position statement recommendations and report mild side effects.
Leg Press and Chest Press Power Normative Values by Half Decade in Older Women
Authors: Parrino Rosalia L. , Martinez Kylie J. , Konlian Jordyn A. , Conti Joseph M. , Signorile Joseph F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Parrino, RL, Martinez, KJ, Konlian, JA, Conti, JM, and Signorile, JF. Leg press and chest press power normative values by half decade in older women. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 991–998, 2024—Neuromuscular power is essential for the performance of most activities of daily living and the maintenance of functional independence throughout the aging process. Power declines rapidly in later life; however, this decline may be reduced or delayed with early detection and intervention. Therefore, this study provides leg press and chest press power normative values for older women. Women's power data for this analysis included 229 participants, 60–90 years of age. Power testing was conducted on Keiser A420 pneumatic leg press and chest press machines following a standardized protocol. Data were stratified into half-decade age groups and analyzed using a 1-way ANOVA. Descriptive statistics and quartile rankings are reported, and significant differences between age groups are outlined. There were significant differences in absolute and relative leg press peak power between the age groups (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in absolute or relative chest press peak power between the age groups. This research established normative values and quartile rankings for leg press and chest press power in older women 60–90 years of age, allowing comparative evaluations with patients and subjects by clinicians and researchers, respectively. These values should improve exercise interventions designed to improve power production by providing assessments of subjects' current status and allowing comprehensive monitoring of progress.
Ophthalmic Preparations of Interest to Optometrists
Authors: Lyle W M 
Published: January 2024

This paper is essentially a tabulated listing of nearly 200 ophthalmic preparations. It is too lengthy to publish in one issue of the CJO, so it will be presented in parts. The subject is tabulated in the following sections:

Tear Supplements and Substitutes, Comfort Solutions.
Vasoconstrictors, Decongestants, Astringents and Antihistamines.
Topical Antibiotic, or other Antibacterial Pre­parations.
Mydriatics / Cycloplaegics or both. Ophthalmic Ointments.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations In An Amblyopic Child: A Case Report
Authors: Sorbara L , Spafford M.M 
Published: January 2024

Degraded retinal imagery and concomitant abnormal bino­cular interaction, as a result of significant unilateral uncor­rected refractive error, can result in unilateral functional amblyopia in young humans. The ''plastic or critical period of vision'' could be consi­dered as the physiologic epoch in which visual deprivation can impede complete development of normal vision or in which visual stimulation can "reverse" the effects of previous stimulus deprivation. This plastic period has been defined in some mammals but is still approximated in humans. The prevention of normal visual acuity development with maturation is referred to as amblyopia of arrest; a condition that is non-treatable by definition. Amblyopia of extinction represents a reduction in acuity from that previously deve­loped and consequently acuity is recoverable. The clinical differentiation of amblyopia of arrest from amblyopia of extinction would be greatly simplified if the critical plastic period in humans was more clearly defined. Optometrists must assess many factors in addition to age when evaluating the prognosis for amblyopia therapy. This case study helps illustrate the importance of early detection and subsequent correction of unequal refractive errors as well as the aniseikonic, binocular and electrophysiologic conse­quences of the condition and its treatment.
Creation of active optical metasurfaces on films of chalcogenide semiconductors with phase state change
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of NAS of Ukraine, Kryuchyn A.A. 
Published: January 2024

The development of meta-optics is due to human aspirations for the maximum miniaturization of optical elements, the design and control of light fluxes, as well as the improvement of visualization and image processing. Metasurfaces, i.e. arrays with subwavelength distances (smaller than the wavelength of light), and optically thin elements trigger new physical mechanism and phenomena that are very different from those observed in three-dimensional bulk materials. Thus, meta-devices perform complete control and management of the characteristics of the light flux (phase, amplitude, polarization) with the help of one flat layer.	Compared to traditional bulky lenses, metasurface lenses have advantages such as flatness, light weight, and compatibility with semiconductor manufacturing technology. The use of active (reconfigurable) metasurfaces, the characteristics of which can be dynamically rearranged after manufacturing, makes it possible to significantly expand the capabilities of meta-optics. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the properties and technologies of creating optically active metasurfaces for optical image processing and transformation systems. Generalized methods of forming metasurfaces are described: self-organization, selective chemical etching, holographic and lithographic.	To implement the work of active (reconfigured) metasurfaces based on materials with a change in phase state (amorphous/crystalline), heating technologies with electric current pulses of various amplitudes and durations and the action of direct optical radiation are used. The analysis of materials for the formation of optically active metasurfaces and devices based on them that simulate the front of a light wave and work on reflection and transmission is presented. Special attention is paid to the use of photosensitive chalcogenide semiconductors as metamaterials with a phase change.	Examples of materials such as Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) and AgxInSb2Te (AIST), which have been used for decades in optical data storage and electronic memory devices, are given. A series of novel compositions of optical phase change materials such as Ge2Sb2Se4Te (GSST), Sb2S3, Sb2Se3, Ge2Sb2Te3S2 and In3SbTe2 for optical and photonic applications are also proposed. Direct laser recording on photosensitive films of chalcogenide semiconductors with the use of technological equipment for laser recording of master disks is proposed as a promising method of forming arrays with submicron distances and realizing the work of active metasurfaces.
EVALUASI PROGRAM PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN MENJAHIT DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN WARGA BINAAN DI PANTI SOSIAL BINA KARYA HARAPAN JAYA
Authors: LK Study Rizal , Aliah Siti Padilatul 
Published: January 2024

Panti Sosial Bina Karya (PSBK) Harapan Jaya merupakan salah satu lembaga yang memberdayakan warga binaan Penyandang Masalah Kesejahteraan Sosial (PMKS). Panti ini memeliki dua program yaitu program pelayanan dan program rehabilitasi. Program pelayanan memiliki tahapan-tahapan seperti tahapan awal, penerimaan, pengungkapan dan pemahaman masalah (assessment), dan program rehabilitas terkait pelayanan keterampilan hidup untuk melatih kemandirian warga binaan. Salah satu program pelatihan adalah pelatihan keterampilan menjahit. Pelatihan ini banyak diminati dari warga binaan, dari 124 jumlah keseluruhan warga binaan, 40 orang memilih dan mengikuti pelatihan keterampilan menjahit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan evaluasi program pelatihan keterampilan menjahit dalam meningkatkan kemandirian warga binaan. Pendekatan dan jenis penelitian digunakan kualitatif deskriptif, dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data (data reduction), penyajian data (display data), dan verifikasi dan penegasan kesimpulan (conclution drawing and verification). Dalam keabsahan data digunakan teknik triangulasi yang meliputi triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik Kemudian dalam pembahasan digunakan teori evaluasi program yang terdiri atas evaluasi input, evaluasi proses dan evaluasi hasil. Hasil penelitian ini menunujukkan bahwa warga binaan mampu melakukan keterampilan menjahit dan memiliki kemandirian, yang awalnya tidak bisa hingga terampil dan dapat dipekerjakan. Dari hasil ini juga diketahui bahwa evaluasi program sudah memenuhi indikator-indikator ketersediaan, relevansi, dan keterjangkauan dalam menunjang keberhasilan pelatihan keterampilan menjahit bagi warga binaan.
El andar decolonial de América Latina. Tres planteamientos críticos de Aníbal Quijano
Authors: Olmedo Raul 
Published: January 2024

La articulación entre globalización y desarrollo no sólo encuentra cabida desde el ámbito eminentemente económico, sino que su base está intrínsecamente ligada al proceso de colonización de América Latina hace poco más de 500 años. Esta vinculación fue trabajada ampliamente por Aníbal Quijano; mediante la teoría de la colonialidad del poder identificó que la globalización y el desarrollo encuentran fundamento en el proceso de diferenciación derivada de la visión eurocentrada, así como en el proceso de racialización que se implantó en la región
Bajo este contexto, el presente estudio analiza las aportaciones de Quijano acerca de la raza, el patrón de poder y la Modernidad en tanto su potencial crítico trasciende el ámbito económico para dar paso a un reordenamiento de la historia de la globalización y la noción de desarrollo que se han constituido estructuralmente desde el sometimiento de la región.