bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic pricing for shared mobility systems based on idle time data
Authors: Müller Christian , Gönsch Jochen , Soppert Matthias , Steinhardt Claudius 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn most major cities today, various shared mobility systems such as car or bike sharing exist. Maintaining these systems is challenging, and, thus, public and private providers strive to improve operational performance. An important metric which is regularly recorded and monitored in practice for this purpose is idle time, i.e., the time a vehicle stands unused between two rentals. Usually, it is available for different temporal and spatial granularities. At the same time, dynamic pricing has been shown to be an efficient means for increasing operational performance in shared mobility systems, but data necessary for traditional dynamic pricing approaches, like unconstrained demand, is much less available in practice. Thus, dynamic pricing based on idle time data appears promising and first ideas have been proposed. However, the existing approaches are based either on simple business rules or on myopic optimization. In this work, we develop a novel dynamic pricing approach that determines prices by online optimization and thereby anticipates future profits through the integration of idle time data. The core idea is quantifying the remaining profitable time by using idle times. With regard to application in practice, the developed approach is generic in the sense that different types of readily available historical idle time data can be seamlessly integrated, meaning data of different spatio-temporal granularities. In an extensive numerical study, we demonstrate that the operational performance increases with higher granularity and that the approach with the highest one outperforms current pricing practice by up to 11% in terms of profit.
Vessel wall MRI in moyamoya disease: arterial wall enhancement varies depending on age, arteries, and disease progression
Authors: Tagawa Hiroshi , Fushimi Yasutaka , Funaki Takeshi , Nakajima Satoshi , Sakata Akihiko , Okuchi Sachi , Hinoda Takuya , Grinstead John , Ahn Sinyeob , Hidaka Yu , Yoshida Kazumichi , Miyamoto Susumu , Nakamoto Yuji 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the relationship of followings for patients with moyamoya disease (MMD): arterial wall enhancement on vessel wall MRI (VW-MRI), cross-sectional area (CSA), time-of-flight MR angiography (MRA), age, locations from intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) to proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA), disease progression, and transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Methods
Patients who underwent VW-MRI between October 2018 and December 2020 were enrolled in this retrospective study. We measured arterial wall enhancement (enhancement ratio, ER) and CSA at five sections of ICA and MCA. Also, we scored MRA findings. Multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis was performed to explore the associations between ER, age, MRA score, CSA, history of TIA, and surgical revascularization.

Results
We investigated 102 sides of 51 patients with MMD (35 women, 16 men, mean age 31 years ± 18 [standard deviation]). ER for MRA score 2 (signal discontinuity) was higher than ER for other scores in sections D (end of ICA) and E (proximal MCA) on MLR analysis. ER in section E was significantly higher in patients for MRA score 2 with TIA history than without. ER significantly increased as CSA increased in section E, which suggests ER becomes less in decreased CSA due to negative remodeling.

Conclusion
Arterial wall enhancement in MMD varies by age, location, and disease progression. Arterial wall enhancement may be stronger in the progressive stage of MMD. Arterial wall enhancement increases with history of TIA at proximal MCA, which may indicate the progression of the disease.

Clinical relevance statement
Arterial wall enhancement in moyamoya disease varies by age, location of arteries, and disease progression, and arterial wall enhancement may be used as an imaging biomarker of moyamoya disease.

Key Points

It has not been clarified what arterial wall enhancement in moyamoya disease represents.

Arterial wall enhancement in moyamoya disease varies by age, location of arteries, and disease progression.

Arterial wall enhancement in moyamoya disease increases as the disease progresses.

Graphical abstract
C-section technique vs minilaparotomy after minimally invasive uterine surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Della Corte Luigi , Guarino Maria Chiara , Vitale Salvatore Giovanni , Angioni Stefano , Mercorio Antonio , Bifulco Giuseppe , Giampaolino Pierluigi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Uterine leiomyomas are benign uterine tumors. The choice of surgical treatment is guided by patient's age, desire to preserve fertility or avoid "radical" surgical interventions such as hysterectomy. In laparotomy, the issue of extracting the fibroid from the cavity does not arise. However, in laparoscopy and robotic surgery, this becomes a challenge. The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal surgical approach for fibroid extraction following laparoscopic or robotic myomectomy in terms of postoperative pain, extraction time, overall surgical time, scar size, and patient satisfaction.

Methods
A total of 51 patients met the inclusion criteria and were considered in our analysis: 33 patients who had undergone the "ExCITE technique" (Group A), and 18 patients a minilaparotomy procedure (Group B), after either simple myomectomy, multiple myomectomy, supracervical hysterectomy, or total hysterectomy. The diagnosis of myoma was histologically confirmed in all cases.

Results
Regarding the postoperative pain evaluation, at 6 h, patients reported 4 [3–4] vs 6 [5.3–7] on the VAS in Group A and B, as well as at 12 h, 2 [0–2] vs 3.5 [2.3–4] in Group A and B, respectively: both differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference at 24 h from surgery was found. All patients in Group A were satisfied with the ExCITE technique, while in Group B only 67% of them. The length of the hospital stay was significantly shorter in Group A as compared to Group B (p = 0.007). In terms of the operative time for the extraction of the surgical specimen, overall operative time, and the scar size after the surgery, there was a statistically significant difference for those in Group A.

Conclusion
The ExCITE technique does not require specific training and allows the surgeon to offer a minimally invasive surgical option for patients, with also an aesthetic result. It is a safe and standardized approach that ensures tissue extraction without the need for mechanical morcellation.
Fabricating a designer capsule phase microextraction platform based on sol–gel Carbowax 20M-zwitterionic ionic liquid composite sorbent for the extraction of lipid-lowering drugs from human urine samples
Authors: Kechagia Argyroula , Manousi Natalia , Kabir Abuzar , Furton Kenneth G. , Zacharis Constantinos K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA sol–gel Carbowax 20 M/3-[(3-Cholamidopropyl) dimethyl ammonio]-1-propanesulfonate composite sorbent-based capsule phase microextraction device has been fabricated and characterized for the determination of four statins (pravastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin, and atorvastatin) in human urine. The presence of ionizable carboxyl functional groups in statins requires pH adjustment of the sample matrix to ensure that the target molecules are in their protonated form (pH should be 2 units below their pKa values) which not only is cumbersome but also risks unintended contamination of the sample. This challenge was addressed by introducing zwitterionic ionic liquid in addition to neutral, polar Carbowax 20 M polymer in the sol–gel-derived composite sorbent. As such, the composite zwitterionic multi-modal sorbent can simultaneously extract neutral, cationic, and anionic species. This particular attribute of the composite sorbent eliminates the necessity of the matrix pH adjustment and consequently simplifies the overall sample preparation workflow. Various experimental parameters such as the sample amount, extraction time, salt addition, stirring rate, and elution solvent type that may affect the extraction performance of the statins were investigated using a central composite design and the one-parameter-at-a-time approach. The analytes and the internal standard were separated on a C18 column with gradient elution using phosphate buffer (20 mM, pH 3) and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The analytes were detected at 237 nm. The method was validated, and linearity was observed in the range 0.10–2.0 μg mL−1 for all compounds. The method precision was better 9.9% and 10.4% for intra-day and inter-day, respectively, while the relative recoveries were acceptable, ranging between 83.4 and 116% in all cases. Method greenness was assessed using the ComplexGAPI index. Finally, the method’s applicability was demonstrated in the determination of the statins in authentic human urine after oral administration of pitavastatin and rosuvastatin-containing tablets.
Graphical abstract
Pointwise multipliers for Besov spaces $$B^{0,b}_{p,\infty }({\mathbb {R}}^n)$$ with only logarithmic smoothness
Authors: Li Ziwei , Sickel Winfried , Yang Dachun , Yuan Wen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this article, we establish a characterization of the set $$M(B^{0,b}_{p,\infty }({\mathbb {R}}^n))$$

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is still open. However, via a different method, we are still able to accurately calculate $$\Vert e^{ik \cdot x}\Vert _{M(B^{0,b}_{p,\infty }({\mathbb {R}}^n))}$$

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Epilepsieüberwachungsgeräte bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Borusiak Peter , Bast Thomas , Haberlandt Edda , Wiegand Gert 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Viele Eltern der Kinder und Jugendlichen mit Epilepsien wünschen eine Überwachung insbesondere von nächtlichen Anfällen. Daten zu den einzelnen Geräten stammen überwiegend aus einem klinischen Setting an Erwachsenen. Alltagsbezogene Daten für Kinder und Jugendliche fehlen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Es erfolgte die Sammlung von alltagsbezogenen Informationen und Einschätzungen über den Einsatz verschiedener Überwachungsgeräte bei Kindern und Jugendlichen im häuslichen Setting.

Material und Methoden
In Zusammenarbeit mit dem Elternverband (e.b.e.) erfolgte vom 01.03.2023 bis 16.04.2023 eine Querschnittuntersuchung via eine webbasierte Umfrage mittels SoSci-Survey.

Ergebnisse
Für die Altersgruppe < 18 Jahre lagen 153 auswertbare Datensätze vor. Hiervon war bei 129 Teilnehmenden zumindest über einen Zeitraum ein Überwachungsgerät im Einsatz. Die Gruppen mit oder ohne Anfallsüberwachung unterschieden sich nicht hinsichtlich demografischer und epilepsiebezogener Faktoren. Es kam eine Vielzahl von Geräten quer durch alle Altersgruppen zum Einsatz, ohne dass eine eindeutige Präferenz erkennbar war. Die am häufigsten verwendeten Geräte waren NightWatch® (N = 39), VitaGuard® 3100/310 (N = 18) und die verschiedenen Epi-Care®-Modelle (N = 16). Im Elternurteil wurden Benutzerfreundlichkeit, Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit und Eignung für die Anfallsüberwachung benotet, wobei sich kein klares und eindeutiges Bild ergab.

Diskussion
Letztendlich kann auch auf Basis unserer Daten keine allgemeingültige Empfehlung für oder gegen ein bestimmtes Gerät ausgesprochen werden. Der Bericht hilft Patient*innen und ihren Ärzt*innen, einen Einblick in den Alltag mit nächtlicher Überwachung zu bekommen, und kann dazu beitragen, sich ein eigenes Bild je nach Präferenzen zu machen.
Effect of CITES Appendix I listing on illegal pangolin trade as gauged from seizure reports in Indonesia
Authors: Nijman Vincent 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPangolins, one of the most heavily trafficked animals, have become the poster child for the illegal wildlife trade. Pangolins are protected throughout their range and their international trade has been regulated through the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Assessing the effectiveness of trade regulations, such as the listing of all pangolins on CITES Appendix I in 2016 precluding all international trade, can be done by analysis of seizure reports. I report 81 large seizures within Indonesia over the last 12 years, the equivalent of 18,024 pangolins representing a value of USD9.42 million. In Indonesia, the number of seizures remained stable at around seven a year. There was a significant decrease in the number of seized pangolin equivalents, from 3000 to 4000 in 2011 and 2012 to 400 to 600 in 2021 and 2022. A break point analysis showed that any changes in this trend did not coincide with changes in international trade regulations. Seizures were made in 17/22 provinces where pangolins occur. At the provincial level seizures or the number of confiscated pangolins was not linked to minimum wage, area, human population, or international connectiveness. Despite the international nature of the pangolin trade, where reported, suspects that were arrested were Indonesian nationals. Over time the proportion of seizures comprising solely of scales has increased from ~ 5 to 100%. These observations of seizures of large amounts of pangolin scales, in the absence of bodies, carcasses, or meat, suggest there is a hidden trade in these parts, in Indonesia and/or elsewhere. There is no clear support that the CITES Appendix I listing had a direct effect on the pangolin trade within Indonesia.
Modified multi-Rayleigh model-based statistical analysis of ultrasound envelope for quantification of liver steatosis and fibrosis
Authors: Ujihara Yuki , Tamura Kazuki , Mori Shohei , Tai Dar-In , Tsui Po-Hsiang , Hirata Shinnosuke , Yoshida Kenji , Maruyama Hitoshi , Yamaguchi Tadashi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Quantitative diagnosis of the degree of fibrosis progression is currently a focus of attention for fatty liver in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, previous studies have focused on either lipid droplets or fibrotic tissue, and few have reported the evaluation of both in patients whose livers contain adipose and fibrous features. Our aim was to evaluate fibrosis tissue and lipid droplets in the liver.

Methods
We used an analytical method combining the multi-Rayleigh (MRA) model and a healthy liver structure filter (HLSF) as a technique for statistical analysis of the amplitude envelope to estimate fat and fibrotic volumes in clinical datasets with different degrees of fat and fibrosis progression.

Results
Fat mass was estimated based on the non-MRA fraction corresponding to the signal characteristics of aggregated lipid droplets. Non-MRA fraction has a positive correlation with fat mass and is effective for detecting moderate and severe fatty livers. Progression of fibrosis was estimated using MRA parameters in combination with the HLSF. The proposed method was used to extract non-healthy areas with characteristics of fibrotic tissue. Fibrosis in early fatty liver suggested the possibility of evaluation. On the other hand, fat was identified as a factor that reduced the accuracy of estimating fibrosis progression in moderate and severe fatty livers.

Conclusion
The proposed method was used to simultaneously evaluate fat mass and fibrosis progression in early fatty liver, suggesting the possibility of quantitative evaluation for discriminating between lipid droplets and fibrous tissue in the early fatty liver.
Reciprocal stream–riparian fluxes: effects of distinct exposure patterns on litter decomposition
Authors: Simões S. , Gonçalves A. L. , Jones T. Hefin , Sousa J. P. , Canhoto C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResource fluxes at the stream–riparian interface are a vital contributor to both systems’ energy budgets. The effect of distinct litter exposure patterns—direction of the riparia–stream movement and duration of exposure at each habitat—however, remains to be elucidated. In this field experiment, oak leaves in fine and coarse mesh bags were either exposed to a stream-to-riparia or riparia-to-stream movement sequence for distinct periods (2:6, 4:4, or 6:2 weeks). After 8 weeks, ash-free mass loss, microbial activity, and fungal biomass were compared in leaves undergoing inverse movement sequences (e.g., 2-week exposure to the riparian area at the beginning vs. end of the colonization period). Mass loss in coarse mesh bags was negatively affected when leaves were previously exposed to a short (2 weeks) terrestrial pre-conditioning period, despite higher microbial activity and fungal biomass, when compared to the inverse movement. This effect on mass loss was neutralized by longer terrestrial exposures that likely allowed for a more thorough conditioning of the leaves, through extended leaching and terrestrial microbial colonization. Our results suggest that terrestrial pre-conditioning periods of < 2 weeks lead to litter-quality legacy effects in tough leaves, to which aquatic communities respond through lower substrate degradation efficiency, hindering stream decomposition. Contrastingly, oak aquatic pre-conditioning, regardless of duration, provides riparian communities with a high-quality resource, promoting litter processing through grazing behavior. As climate-induced hydrological shifts may result in altered provision/quality of detritus subsidies at the stream–riparia interface, we suggest that assessments of decomposition dynamics should consider the entire litter conditioning history.
Protection and mortality of non-target terrestrial bird species during the eradication of rodents on Lord Howe Island
Authors: O’Dwyer T. W. , Carlile N. , O’Neill L. , Fairlamb H. , Bower H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo eliminate the destructive impact of rodents on islands, conservation practitioners commonly use rodenticides to eradicate these pests. Frequently used rodenticides, such as brodifacoum, are non-specific. Consequently, non-target species may be susceptible to the poison. While mitigation actions to protect against unwanted impacts on non-target species are often included in eradication planning, such impacts are rarely measured or reported. In 2019, a rodent eradication program was implemented on Lord Howe Island to remove ship rats and house mice. To protect the island’s unique suite of endemic avian fauna, a comprehensive monitoring and mitigation plan was implemented. Following assessments of potential effects of baiting on island-species, two endemic species were taken into captive management during the eradication. To assess effects on other species, a total of 243 ha of bushland was searched over a 14-week period and an additional 190 ha was searched in the island’s settlement area for carcasses of non-targets. These surveys found that buff-banded rails suffered the highest level of mortality, but few carcasses of endemic species were found. The captive management program was successful with more than 95% of individuals that were taken into captivity being released at the end of the program. Post-eradication surveys of captive-managed species have shown that the endemic woodhen population has increased by nearly five-fold on pre-eradication levels and that endemic currawong numbers have also increased. Surveys of other bush birds have found higher numbers for most species and shows that pre-eradication assessments of these species being at lower risk were appropriate.
Unstructured citizen science reduces the perception of butterfly local extinctions: the interplay between species traits and user effort
Authors: van Tongeren Elia , Sistri Ginevra , Bonifacino Marco , Menchetti Mattia , Pasquali Lorenzo , Salvati Vania , Balletto Emilio , Bonelli Simona , Cini Alessandro , Portera Mariagrazia , Dapporto Leonardo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe detection of local extinctions is often hindered by the lack of long-term monitoring schemes, and thus relies on time series of presence data. Recently, citizen science has repeatedly shown its value in documenting species occurrences. We investigated the effectiveness of unstructured citizen science records in reducing the perception of local extinctions in butterfly populations across Italian National Parks. We addressed three research questions: (i) the ability of citizen science data to supplement existing knowledge to complete time series of occurrences, (ii) the impact on data collection of three species features (species size, distribution and length of flight period) determining their appearance, and (iii) the interplay between participant effort and species appearance in the amount of diversity recorded on the iNaturalist platform. Our analysis of 98,922 records of Italian butterflies (39,929 from literature and 58,993 from iNaturalist of which 7427 from National Parks) showed that the addition of iNaturalist data filled many recent gaps in time series, thus reducing the perception of potential local extinctions. Records from more engaged users encompassed a higher fraction of local biodiversity and were more likely to reduce the perception of local extinctions. User effort strongly interacted with species features in determining the frequency of records for individual species. In particular, more engaged users were less affected by species size. We provided updated butterfly checklists for Italian National Parks and a R package to calculate potential extinction upon time series. These results offer guidance for protected areas, conservationists, policymakers, and citizen scientists to optimize monitoring of local populations.