bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and Characterization of hly,cdtI and stxI genes, in MDR uropathogenic and intestinal E.coli isolates, Hilla city, Iraq.
Authors: Alazawi Yasmeen reyad , Habeeb Al-Azawi Ibtisam 
Published: January 2024

Background:. Escherichia coli infections represent a considerable burden in human. Illness caused by E. coli have a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system, so prompt recognition, and appropriate treatment are necessary. Escherichia coli is the first bacterial pathogen in humans responsible for deaths associated with antibiotic resistance
Aim of study: detection of hly, cdtI and stxI genes through molecular analysis in MDR E.coli isolates.
Methods: From November 2021 to May 2022, atotal of 150 urine samples were collected from patients suffering from urinary tract infections were admitted and visit Maternity and Children Babylon Hospital in Al-Hilla city. 100 stool samples were (as control). The identification and antibiotic susceptibility profile of E.coli were done by vitek2 compact system.The isolates were subjected to PCR assays with specific primers for hly , cdtI and stxI .
Results: Only 50(45.5%) E.coli isolates were recovered from the urine samples. In contrast, 60(60%) E.coli isolates from the stool samples. A high rate of MDR was detected among E. coli isolates, where it was( 60%) and (53.3%) in the uropathogenic and intestinal isolates, respectively.
The PCR results were showed that MDR uropathogenic E. coli and intestinal E.coli were hardbourd hly gene (46.7%)and (90.6%), respectively. The cdtI gene was detected in (43.4%) of uropathogenic E. coli, and (40.6%) of intestinal E.coli. The stx gene was detected in (16.7%) of uropathogenic E. coli, and (43.7%) of intestinal E.coli.
Conclusion: The presence of a high percentage of toxin in intestinal E.coli is a serious warning because of the possibility of their becoming virulent if the bacteria change their natural habitat or are exposed to a certain stress.
Optimasi Pemanfaatan LPG Sebagai Bahan Bakar Genset Untuk Mendukung Program Penghematan Energi
Authors: Witanto Yovan , Leonanda Benny Dwika 
Published: January 2024

The use of LPG as a generator fuel needs to be optimized. For this reason, the correct LPG gas flow rate needs to be studied so that it becomes economical. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of fuel flow rate variation and Choke Valve variation on the performance of a 4-stroke generator. Gas enters the carburetor with varying gas flow rates of 3 L/minute, 4 L/minute, 5 L/minute and 6 L/minute. Then the generator is set to run stably on fully open, half and closed Choke Valve variations. From these variations, a combination is then sought to produce the smallest LPG flow rate with optimum power. The generator can operate well at flow rates of 4 L/min and 5 L/min with the Choke Valve variation position fully open. This shows that the ratio of LPG and air reaches the ideal condition so that the combustion process is complete. Optimization of LPG consumption in the generator is set at a flow rate of 4 L/minute with the Choke Valve fully open. Thus the excessive use of LPG can be saved.
Virulence diversity of the yellow rust pathogen population in Dagestan
Authors: Gultyaeva E. I. , Shaydayuk E. L. , Smirnova R. E. , Abdullaev K. M. , Kurkiev K. U. 
Published: January 2024

Background. Yellow rust incidence on Triticum L. has been observed to surge up in Dagestan in recent years, facilitating selection of highly resistant genotypes. Information on the effectiveness of Yr genes and the pathogen’s virulence and racial composition is needed to interpret field assessment data correctly. The objective of this study was to describe the virulence of the Dagestan population of Puccinia striiformis West. at the seedling stage, evaluate the resistance of differentiators to yellow rust in the field, and identify invasive PstS1 and PstS2 races.Materials and methods. Leaves with urediniopustules were collected from bread wheat accessions at Dagestan Experiment Station of VIR (DЕS VIR) in 2020–2022. Virulence was analyzed in the laboratory using 14 AvYr lines (Avocet NIL) and 15 differential wheat cultivars. Age-specific resistance of virulence testers under high natural infection pressure was studied in the field of DES VIR. A set of SCAR markers (SCP19M24a1, SCP19M24a2, SCP19M26a1, and SCP19M26a2) were used to identify invasive races.Results and discussion. Avocet lines with Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr24, and Yr26, and cv. ‘Moro’ (Yr10, YrMor) manifested resistance to all isolates. Virulence to Yr17 was detected only in the isolates from cvs. ‘Graf’ and ‘Svarog’ carrying this gene, and ‘Siete Ceros’. The Dagestan collection demonstrated high genetic diversity. Common phenotypes were identified on cv. ‘Graf’ in 2021 and 2020. There was no temporal differentiation between pathogen collections in the years of testing. High field resistance to yellow rust was recorded in lines with Yr5, Yr8, Yr10, Yr15 and Yr24, and in cvs. ‘Moro’, ‘Compair’, ‘Carstens’ and ‘Spaldings Prolific’. Cvs. ‘Reichersberg 42’ and ‘Heines Peko Vilmorin 23’ were resistant in 2020 and 2022, and moderately affected (up to 10%) in 2021. Molecular analysis identified all three isolates belonging to the invasive PstS2 group on cv. ‘Siete Cerros’ and L 650 in 2021, and cv. ‘Vassa’ in 2022.
LESÃO POR PRESSÃO RELACIONADA A DISPOSITIVOS MÉDICOS EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATAL: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Ampessan Julia , De Andrade Maryanna , Gonçalves de Oliveira Toso Beatriz Rosana , Augusto Lordani Tarcisio Victor 
Published: January 2024

O cuidado ao neonato hospitalizado é fundamental, devido a situação de maior vulnerabilidade, pois encontra-se em processo de adaptação com o ambiente e de formação. A epiderme mais permeável, com menor sensibilidade periférica e mais úmida, associada a fatores como restrição no leito, pressão e cisalhamento, utilização de dispositivos médicos, relacionam-se ao aparecimento de lesões por pressão. Objetivo: Identificar e analisar as evidências científicas quanto à ocorrência de lesão por pressão relacionadas à dispositivos médicos em crianças internadas em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. Método: Revisão sistemática, cuja seleção dos artigos ocorreu nas bases de dados Cinahal, Cochrane, Embase, Pubmed e Scopus, em julho de 2021, com seguintes operadores boleanos: “Pressure injury” AND “Neonatal intensive care unit” AND “Medical device related pressure ulcer”, resultando na seleção de 4 artigos. Para a análise dos dados, foi realizada a incidência global e meta análise com representação gráfica no Microsoft Excel. Resultados: Identificou-se a incidência global de 39,6% em relação ao acometimento por lesões por pressão relacionadas a dispositivos médicos na amostra, ocasionadas, principalmente, em região da face pelo nCPAP, apresentando-se em estágio 1 e 2. Conclusões: A incidência desse tipo de lesão configura riscos aos neonatos e proporciona o aumento do tempo de hospitalização.
Prevalence of Diabetes, Hypertension and Obesity among Doctors and Nurses in Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal
Authors: Shah Sudhir Kumar 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) both are rapidly emerging as public health problems in developing countries. Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and is also a major cause of disability, causing an estimated 13% of all deaths in the world. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity are very strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases all over the world.
MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross sectional study was done among the doctors and nurse working in UCMS teaching hospital from Sep, 2020 to Feb, 2021. A total of 138 doctors and nurses were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistical analysis was used for the calculation of central tendency and dispersion measures. Chi- Square test was applied for categorical predictors and P value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically signiﬁcant.
RESULTS Doctors formed 47 % while nurses formed 53% of the study population. Prevalence of hypertension was found to be 18% among doctors and 7% among nurses. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus was found to be 6% among doctors and 8% among nurses. Prevalence of obesity was found to be 47% among doctors and 48% among nurses. The overall prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity was the order of 25%, 14% and 95% respectively.
CONCLUSION These ﬁndings provide important information on prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity along with its associ- ated risk factors among doctors and nurses working in UCMS teaching hospital. Preventive health measures like low fat diet, physical activity, cessation of smoking, control of alcohol and various strategies are needed for the prevention of these cardio-vascular disease among doctors and nurses working at UCMS teaching hospital.
Telum manu fugiens and Involuntary Homicide in Medieval Canon Law
Authors: Jońca Maciej 
Published: January 2024

Medieval jurists succeeded in making the first attempts, which then made it possible to rank the degrees of guilt as follows: dolus – culpa – casus. Roman law addressed cases of unintentional crimes in a descriptive manner. For the manslaughter situation, they used the description of a weapon that escaped someone’s hand on its own and caused a someone’s death. A regulation of this kind has already appeared in the Law of the XII Tables. The topos of a weapon that itself escapes from a man’s hand was also used by early Christian writers. From there it made its way into medieval compilations of canon law.
2008 WAR IN GEORGIA AND USA POSITION
Authors: Lali Kapanadze  , Joseph Boccuzzi  
Published: January 2024

This article traces the historical evolution of the diplomatic relations between the United States and Georgia, focusing on key events from the recognition of Georgia's independence in 1991 to the present day. The narrative explores the dynamics of the Russo-Georgian relationship and the pivotal role the United States played in supporting Georgia's democratic aspirations, particularly in its pursuit of NATO membership. The analysis delves into critical moments such as the 2008 war between Russia and Georgia, shedding light on the U.S. stance and its impact on subsequent international developments, including Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2014.
The article highlights the continuity of U.S. support for Georgia across various administrations, emphasizing the consistent theme of backing Georgia's territorial integrity, sovereignty, and democratic principles. Special attention is given to the strategic partnership between the two nations, as reflected in the 2009 Strategic Partnership Charter and subsequent reaffirmations. The study concludes by discussing the current geopolitical landscape, where President Joseph Biden's firm stance against Russian aggression aligns with historical U.S. commitments to Georgia. The article underscores the enduring significance of the U.S.-Georgia relationship and its broader implications for regional stability and democratic values.
The influence of the French language on the names of the Bulgarian and Turkish media
Authors: Vesselinov D. , Yordanova М. 
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the French language on the names of the Bulgarian and Turkish media. The empruntological analysis of the French influence on the formation of Bulgarian and иTurkish terms for naming newspapers and magazines shows a complex process of designing the French experience in the print media on the Bulgarian and Turkish language systems. The aim of the study is to trace the process of penetration of French terms for print media (gazette, journal, revue) and their derivatives (gazetier, journaliste; journalisme; journalistique) in Turkish and Bulgarian. The scope of the research is limited to a thematic field composed of the French for the main print media (gazette, journal, revue) with the respective empruntological projections in Turkish and Bulgarian (receiving languages). It is of interest to trace the semantic changes of these Frenchisms in the respective linguistic and cultural neighboring spaces
Praca socjalna z migrantami/uchodźcami jako obszar bezpieczeństwa socjalnego wyzwaniem dla polityki społecznej
Authors: Młyński Józef 
Published: January 2024

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie pracy socjalnej z migrantami/uchodźcami w obszarze bezpieczeństwa socjalnego. Celem jest ukazanie bezpieczeństwa socjalnego migrantów/uchodźców jako wyzwania dla polityki społecznej w środowisku lokalnym. Na wstępie przedstawiono postrzeganie uchodźcy w świadomości społecznej, kolejno omówiono uchodźstwo jako wyzwanie dla polityki społecznej; następnie ukazano rolę i zadania pomocy społecznej w realizacji bezpieczeństwa socjalnego w ramach pracy socjalnej, pokazano pracę socjalną z uchodźcami z perspektywy środowiska lokalnego. Jako wnioski, innowacje, rekomendacje wskazano, iż zaleca się poszerzenie oferty poradnictwa specjalistycznego, w tym poradnictwa rodzinnego o wsparcie emocjonalne, stanowiące podstawowy etap zabezpieczenia socjalnego i zdrowotnego. Rozwinięcie oferty o udzielanie porad z zakresu rynku pracy, porad edukacyjnych (językowych), oraz asystenturę kulturową. Ten rodzaj pomocy stanowi deficyt osobowy oraz wykracza poza obowiązki kompetencyjne pracowników socjalnych. Zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa socjalnego migrantom/uchodźcom nie zawsze jest komplementarne i spójne ze społecznym postrzeganiem uchodźców i zalecanymi formami pomocy.
PROBLEM i METODY BADAWCZE: Uchodźstwo jako wyzwanie dla polityki społecznej. Zastosowano analizę literatury przedmiotu, ilościową i jakościową analizę zawartości i treści raportów CBOS i OBOP.
PROCES WYWODU: na wstępie przedstawiono postrzeganie uchodźcy w świadomości społecznej, kolejno omówiono uchodźstwo jako wyzwanie dla polityki społecznej; następnie ukazano rolę i zadania pomocy społecznej w realizacji bezpieczeństwa socjalnego w ramach pracy socjalnej, pokazano pracę socjalną z uchodźcami z perspektywy środowiska lokalnego.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Praca socjalna domaga się podejścia skoncentrowanego na indywidualnych rozwiązaniach z dostosowaniem odpowiednich form metodycznego postępowania. Pracownik socjalny powinien pełnić rolę animatora lokalnego reprezentującego polską rzeczywistość usług społecznych, reprezentującego uchodźców w urzędach lokalnych. Prowadzić holistyczny wymiar wsparcia w obszarze proponowanych programów integracyjnych. Powinien łączyć pracę terenową z pracą administracyjną z zachowaniem przepisów i norm prawnych.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Rekomenduje się poszerzenie oferty poradnictwa specjalistycznego, w tym poradnictwa rodzinnego o wsparcie emocjonalne, stanowiące podstawowy etap zabezpieczenia socjalnego i zdrowotnego. Rozwinięcie oferty o udzielanie porad z zakresu rynku pracy, porad edukacyjnych (językowych), oraz asystenturę kulturową. Brakuje wykwalifikowanych pracowników socjalnych w obszarze zindywidualizowanego poradnictwa. Ten rodzaj pomocy, stanowi deficyt osobowy oraz wykracza poza obowiązki kompetencyjne pracowników socjalnych. Zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa socjalnego migrantom/uchodźcom nie zawsze jest komplementarne i spójne ze społecznym postrzeganiem uchodźców i zalecanymi formami pomocy.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor L.) PADA LAHAN KERING MASAM TERHADAP PENGATURAN JARAK TANAM DAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR
Authors: Moelyohadi Yopie , Haitami A , Seprido  , Hadi Nariman , Alatas Andi , Jamalludin  
Published: January 2024

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Pada Lahan Kering masam Terhadap Pengaturan jarak Tanam dan Pemberian Pupuk organik cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendapatkan jenis pupuk organik cair dan jarak tanam tertentu yang memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap tanaman sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Jl. Sukarela, Kelurahan Kebun Bunga, Kec.Sukarami, KM 7 Palembang, Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret sampai Juni 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperiment, yang disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split plot design) dengan 3 faktor perlakuan dan 3 ulangan.. Sebagai perlakuan petak adalah jarak tanam dansebagai anak petak pupuk organik cair.Dengan demikian terdapat 27 satuan percobaan. Adapun perlakuan yang dimaksud adalah sebagai berikut : Jarak Tanam J1 K1 = 70 cm x 10 cm, J2 = 70 cm x 20 cm, J3 = 70 cm x 30 cm. Jenis Pupuk Organik Cair (K), K1 = Limbah Tahu, K2 = Urine Sapi, K3 = Kotoran Ayam. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah Tinggi Tanaman (cm), Jumlah Daun, Panjang Malai, Berat Malai, Berat Biji Pertanaman , Berat Biji Perpetak. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara tabulasi kombinasi perlakuan jarak tanam 70 x 40 cm dengan pemberian pupuk organik cair kotoran ayam memberikan pengaruh tertinggi terhadap produksi sorgum sebesar 1,51 kg/petak (setara dengan 2,01 ton/ha).
An empirical analysis of feature selection techniques for Software Defect Prediction
Authors: Sharma Tarunim , Jatain Aman , Bhaskar Shalini , Pabreja Kavita 
Published: January 2024

<p>Detecting software defects before they occur is crucial in software engineering as it impacts software system quality and reliability. Previous studies on predicting software defects have typically employed software features, such as code size, complexity, coupling, cohesion, inheritance, and other software metrics., to forecast whether a code file or commit is prone to defects in the future. However, it is advantageous to restrict the number of features employed in a defect prediction model to avoid the challenges associated with multicollinearity and the “curse of dimensionality” and to simplify the data analysis process. By using a reduced number of features, the defect prediction model can concentrate on the most significant variables and improve its accuracy. This research paper investigates the impact of eight feature selection methods on the accuracy and stability of six supervised learning models. This study is novel as it is based on exhaustive experimentation of each of the eight feature selection techniques with each of the six supervised learning models. Two notable findings have been obtained. First, we discovered that the association and coherence-based techniques have demonstrated the highest level of accuracy when it comes to defect prediction. The models that utilized these selected features outperformed those using the original features. Second, the feature selection techniques, namely Correlation feature selection, Recursive feature elimination, and Ridge feature selection when combined with the Support vector machine and Decision tree classifier, consistently selected low-variance features across multiple supervised defect prediction models. When combined with different classifiers, these techniques achieved exceptional performance on the publicly available NASA datasets CM1 and PC2. The findings revealed a remarkable accuracy rate of over 85% for CM1 and 95% for PC2, accompanied by precision, recall, and f-measure values exceeding 95%. These exceptional results indicate the achievement of the highest level of performance in the evaluation.</p>
Antibacterial and Chemical Properties of Sr-BDC<sub>∞</sub> Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)
Authors: Vodyashkin A. A. , Kezimana P. , Mbarga J. A. А. , Putirskaya M. Y. , Stanishevskiy Ya. M. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. In this work, Sr-BDC MOFs were obtained by a simple solvothermal process without the use of elevated pressure. This method is easily scalable and does not require any special equipment. In this work, the crystals obtained from the synthesis were studied by Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the obtained materials were analysed for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and against Gram-negative bacteria.Aim. During this work, the main objective was to comparatively evaluate the antibacterial properties of Sr-BDC MOFs activated by different methods (and without activation).Materials and methods. In this work we used a solvothermal process using terephthalic acid, strontium nitrate and dimethylformamide. The peculiarity of this method is the absence of autoclaving in the synthesis process. Optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used for characterization. Also, to study the antibacterial properties, a medium diffusion test was performed. The combination of these methods will help to establish the relationship between the method of activation and the biological activity of the resulting materials.Results and discussion. In this work, the chemical structure of Sr-BDC MOFs was studied by Raman spectroscopy. The influence of the activation method on the chemical structure of MOFs was studied. It was found that the characteristic peaks of Raman spectroscopy can be used to confirm the removal of solvent (DMFA) from the crystal structure. In addition, tests on the manifestation of antibacterial activity were carried out for MOFs with different activation method. The MIC and MBC were established for each sample.Conclusion. In the course of the work the effect of the activation method on the chemical structure of Sr-BDC MOFs was shown. We also found that the activation method could affect the biological activity of the obtained MOFs. It was also demonstrated that MOFs exhibit different antibacterial activities depending on the type of bacteria, which can be primarily related to the composition of the cell wall of microorganisms.
The Impact of Mobile-Assisted Hybrid Dynamic Assessment on Arabic Language Leaners’ Reading Comprehension Performance
Authors: Mustiah Mustiah , Dayat Dayat , Sadek Nihal 
Published: January 2024

Dynamic assessment is unity of assessment and instruction based on the sociocultural theory in which mediation is gradually provided to promote the cognitive development. This study mainly aimed to explore the quantitative and qualitative impact of mobile-assisted hybrid dynamic assessment (MAHDA) on Islamic religious Education (IRE) learners’ Arabic reading comprehension (ARC). This recent study employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design and involved twenty participants assigned into experimental and control groups. All groups received pre-and post-tests to compare the intervention. The experimental group was mediated through the MAHDA procedure for two months and the control group received conventional instruction. The interview with the participants was also conducted to assess the learners’ perception of the mediation strategies of MAHDA. The pre- and post-test were analyzed by t-test and the transcribed interviews were thematically analyzed. Quantitatively, the results showed a meaningful distinction between the two groups. It highlighted that MAHDA was significantly effective to enhance the learners’ knowledge of ARC. The qualitative findings also indicated that the participants felt satisfied with the MAHDA in improving the learners’ ARC abilities and social interaction. One of the implications of this research is to promote the use of mobile learning as mediation DA framework to teach various features of Arabic including reading comprehension of Arabic. Further research is required MAHDA with a larger site and samples to generate the effectiveness of MAHDA.