bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural history of posttraumatic cervical dystonia
Authors: Frei Karen P. , Pathak Mayank , Jenkins Stephen , Truong Daniel D. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractWe studied a case series of 9 patients with posttraumatic cervical dystonia, in whom involuntary muscle spasms and abnormal head postures occurred within 7 days after cervical injury. Patients were examined, treated with botulinum toxin as necessary, and were followed up to 5 years. Based on our observations of these cases, we propose that complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) could represent a variant of posttraumatic cervical dystonia that may develop over time after the initiation of dystonia. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Levodopa treatment does not affect low‐dose apomorphine test in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Happe Svenja , Tings Tobias , Helmschmied Kathrin , Neubert Karin , Wuttke Wolfgang , Paulus Walter , Trenkwalder Claudia 
Published: July 2004

AbstractChallenge with low‐dose apomorphine causes a significant rise in growth hormone (GH) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) compared to controls and patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) who have not previously received dopaminergic treatment. To date, it has not been demonstrated whether an apomorphine‐induced rise in GH can still be detected in PD patients who are currently treated with levodopa. We investigated whether an ongoing treatment with levodopa influences the GH response to subcutaneously applied low‐dose apomorphine in PD patients. We studied 44 patients with idiopathic PD using the low‐dose apomorphine test. Twenty‐three patients were under treatment with levodopa and 21 patients were without any dopaminergic therapy. GH and cortisol levels were analyzed at time of injection and 45 minutes and 60 minutes after subcutaneous apomorphine injection. Forty‐five minutes after apomorphine injection, there was no significant difference between the mean rise in plasma GH in untreated PD patients compared with levodopa‐treated patients (P = 0.235). There was no increase of cortisol levels in each treatment group. Age, sex, duration, and severity of the disease did not show a covariate effect with GH levels. A small group of PD patients (n = 8) treated with dopamine agonists and a small group of patients with MSA (n = 5) as well as patients with vascular parkinsonism (n = 5) did not show any increase of GH. Our data suggest that the apomorphine‐induced rise in GH does not depend on previous levodopa treatment in PD patients but, as expected, is blocked by dopamine agonists and is not present in patients with other than idiopathic parkinsonian syndrome. Thus, the low‐dose apomorphine test may also be a useful biological marker in the early differential diagnosis of PD patients who have already received levodopa treatment. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms in Parkinson's disease patients reporting “sleep attacks”
Authors: Rissling Ida , Geller Frank , Bandmann Oliver , Stiasny‐Kolster Karim , Körner Yvonne , Meindorfner Charlotte , Krüger Hans‐Peter , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Möller J. Carsten 
Published: July 2004

AbstractGenes encoding proteins involved in dopaminergic transmission are potential candidate genes for the induction of somnolence in Parkinson's disease (PD) because dopaminergic agents have been shown to be associated with sudden onset of sleep (SOS) in PD. We conducted an association study on dopamine D2, D3, and D4 receptor gene polymorphisms comparing 137 PD patients with SOS and 137 PD patients without SOS matched according to drug therapy, disease duration, sex, and age. Our results show a significant association between the dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphism Taq IA and SOS in PD. No significant association between two other investigated polymorphisms and the phenomenon of “sleep attacks” in PD was observed. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Nurr1 mutational screen in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Tan Eng‐King , Chung Henry , Chandran Vandana R. , Tan Chris , Shen Hui , Yew Kenneth , Pavanni Ratnagopal , Puvan Kathi‐avelu , Wong Meng‐Cheong , Teoh Mei‐Lin , Yih Yuan , Zhao Yi 
Published: July 2004

AbstractWe performed sequence analysis of all the exons and exon–intron boundaries in familial and young‐onset Parkinson's disease (PD) in an Asian cohort. None of the patients carried any pathogenic mutations in the Nurr1 gene. We demonstrated a 5 to 10% prevalence of the intron 7 +33 C→T variant among Malay and Indian PD and healthy controls, suggesting that this variant, which was previously described only in 1 Chinese patient, was not a silent mutation but a common polymorphic variant in some ethnic races. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Patch application of the dopamine agonist rotigotine to patients with moderate to advanced stages of restless legs syndrome: A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled pilot study
Authors: Stiasny‐Kolster Karin , Kohnen Ralf , Schollmayer Erwin , Möller J. Carsten , Oertel Wolfgang H. ,   The Rotigotine Sp 666 Study Group
Published: July 2004

AbstractEfficacy and safety of the dopamine agonist rotigotine (RTG) was investigated in patients with moderate to severe idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS), including daytime symptoms. Three fixed doses of rotigotine (1.125 mg, 2.25 mg, and 4.5 mg) and placebo were applied by patches (size, 2.5 cm2 per 1.125 mg) in a double‐blind, randomized, parallel‐group, multicenter, 1‐week, proof‐of‐principle trial. The primary efficacy measure was the total score on the International Restless Legs Syndrome Scale (IRLS). Additionally, the RLS‐6 scale, the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI), and a sleep diary were used. Of 68 enrolled patients, 63 (mean age, 58±; 9 years; 64% women) were randomly assigned. RLS severity improved related to dose by 10.5 (1.125 mg RTG/die; P = 0.41), 12.3 (2.25 mg RTG/die; P = 0.18), and 15.7 points (4.5 mg RTG/die; P < 0.01) on the IRLS compared to placebo (8 points). According to the RLS‐6 scales, daytime symptoms significantly improved with all rotigotine doses. The CGI items supported the favorable efficacy of the 4.5‐mg dose. Skin tolerability of the patches and systemic side effects were similar between rotigotine and placebo. This pilot study suggests that continuous delivery of rotigotine by means of a patch may provide an effective and well‐tolerated treatment of RLS symptoms both during night and day. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Attractor for a conserved phase‐field system with hyperbolic heat conduction
Authors: Grasselli Maurizio , Pata Vittorino 
Published: July 2004

AbstractWe consider a conserved phase‐field system of Caginalp type, characterized by the assumption that both the internal energy and the heat flux depend on the past history of the temperature and its gradient, respectively. The latter dependence is a law of Gurtin–Pipkin type, so that the equation ruling the temperature evolution is hyperbolic. Thus, the system consists of a hyperbolic integrodifferential equation coupled with a fourth‐order evolution equation for the phase‐field. This model, endowed with suitable boundary conditions, has already been analysed within the theory of dissipative dynamical systems, and the existence of an absorbing set has been obtained. Here we prove the existence of the universal attractor. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interaction of faults under slip‐dependent friction. Non‐linear eigenvalue analysis
Authors: Ionescu Ioan R. , Wolf Sylvie 
Published: July 2004

AbstractWe analyse the evolution of a system of finite faults by considering the non‐linear eigenvalue problems associated to static and dynamic solutions on unbounded domains. We restrict our investigation to the first eigenvalue (Rayleigh quotient). We point out its physical significance through a stability analysis and we give an efficient numerical algorithm able to compute it together with the corresponding eigenfunction.We consider the anti‐plane shearing on a system of finite faults under a slip‐dependent friction in a linear elastic domain, not necessarily bounded. The static problem is formulated in terms of local minima of the energy functional. We introduce the non‐linear (static) eigenvalue problem and we prove the existence of a first eigenvalue/eigenfunction characterizing the isolated local minima. For the dynamic problem, we discuss the existence of solutions with an exponential growth, to deduce a (dynamic) non‐linear eigenvalue problem. We prove the existence of a first dynamic eigenvalue and we analyse its behaviour with respect to the friction parameter. We deduce a mixed finite element discretization of the non‐linear spectral problem and we give a numerical algorithm to approach the first eigenvalue/eigenfunction. Finally we give some numerical results which include convergence tests, on a single fault and a two‐faults system, and a comparison between the non‐linear spectral results and the time evolution results. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Projecting the flow variables for hub location problems
Authors: Labbé Martine , Yaman Hande 
Published: July 2004

AbstractWe consider two formulations for the uncapacitated hub location problem with single assignment (UHL), which use multicommodity flow variables. We project out the flow variables and determine some extreme rays of the projection cones. Then we investigate whether the corresponding inequalities define facets of the UHL polyhedron. We also present two families of facet defining inequalities that dominate some projection inequalities. Finally, we derive a family of valid inequalities that generalizes the facet defining inequalities and that can be separated in polynomial time. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 44(2), 84–93 2004
Solving the Hub location problem in telecommunication network design: A local search approach
Authors: Carello G. , Della Croce F. , Ghirardi M. , Tadei R. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThis article deals with a Hub Location Problem arising in Telecommunication Network Design. The considered network presents two different kinds of nodes: access nodes, that represent source and destination of traffic demands but cannot be directly connected, and transit nodes, that have no own traffic demand but collect traffic from access nodes and route it through the network. Transit nodes are supposed to be fully connected. Given a set of access nodes and a set of potential locations for the transit nodes, the problem is to decide number and positions of the transit nodes to guarantee that all access nodes are allocated to a transit node, satisfying capacity constraints. The goal is to minimize the total cost of the network, which is the sum of connection costs and nodes fixed costs. The problem is a Hub Location Problem, which is known to be NP‐hard. A local search approach is proposed, and different metaheuristic algorithms, such as tabu search, iterated local search and random multistart, have been developed, based on such local search. [A preliminary procedure has been developed in a research project joint with Telecom Italia (Turin Research & Innovation Laboratories) and a patent application has been filed to cover this issue.] © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWOEKS, Vol. 44(2), 94–105 2004
A hierarchic 3D finite element for laminated composites
Authors: Kuhlmann Guido , Rolfes Raimund 
Published: July 2004

AbstractIn this paper a new 3D multilayer element is presented for analysis of thick‐walled laminated composites. This element uses two steps to calculate the full stress tensor. In the first step the in‐plane stresses are computed from the material law using a displacement approximation, and then the transverse stresses are calculated from the 3D equilibrium equations. Since the 3D equilibrium equations require high‐order interpolation functions, a hierarchic interpolation of displacements is used. The new element is compared with existing ones, e.g. from MSC.MARC. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical analysis of a three‐dimensional super‐elastic constitutive model
Authors: Auricchio Ferdinando , Stefanelli Ulisse 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThis note deals with the efficient approximation of a non‐linear constitutive relation arising in the study of the three‐dimensional mechanical behaviour of shape memory alloys at constant temperature. In particular, a variable time‐step discretization is investigated. For such an algorithm we prove sharp error estimates of optimal order and exactness for a class of experimentally relevant situations. We also report numerical results relative to proportional and non‐proportional loading tests which fully confirm the theoretical analysis. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LayTracks: a new approach to automated geometry adaptive quadrilateral mesh generation using medial axis transform
Authors: Quadros W. R. , Ramaswami K. , Prinz F. B. , Gurumoorthy B. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA new mesh generation algorithm called ‘LayTracks’, to automatically generate an all quad mesh that is adapted to the variation of geometric feature size in the domain is described. LayTracks combines the merits of two popular direct techniques for quadrilateral mesh generation—quad meshing by decomposition and advancing front quad meshing. While the MAT has been used for the domain decomposition before, this is the first attempt to use the MAT, for the robust subdivision of a complex domain into a well defined sub‐domain called ‘Tracks’, for terminating the advancing front of the mesh elements without complex interference checks and to use radius function for providing sizing function for adaptive meshing. The process of subdivision of a domain is analogous to, formation of railway tracks by laying rails on the ground. Each rail starts from a node on the boundary and propagates towards the medial axis (MA) and then from the MA towards the boundary. Quadrilateral elements are then obtained by placing nodes on these rails and connecting them inside each track, formed by adjacent rails. The algorithm has been implemented and tested on some typical geometries and the quality of the output mesh obtained are presented. Extension of this technique to all hexahedral meshing is discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Achieving minimum length scale in topology optimization using nodal design variables and projection functions
Authors: Guest J. K. , Prévost J. H. , Belytschko T. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA methodology for imposing a minimum length scale on structural members in discretized topology optimization problems is described. Nodal variables are implemented as the design variables and are projected onto element space to determine the element volume fractions that traditionally define topology. The projection is made via mesh independent functions that are based upon the minimum length scale. A simple linear projection scheme and a non‐linear scheme using a regularized Heaviside step function to achieve nearly 0–1 solutions are examined. The new approach is demonstrated on the minimum compliance problem and the popular SIMP method is used to penalize the stiffness of intermediate volume fraction elements. Solutions are shown to meet user‐defined length scale criterion without additional constraints, penalty functions or sensitivity filters. No instances of mesh dependence or checkerboard patterns have been observed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atypical mycobacterial infections in children with cancer
Authors: Reilly Anne F. , McGowan Karin L. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractAtypical mycobacteria are seen more frequently as a cause of serious infection in children with cancer. Thirteen pediatric cancer patients with blood or tissue cultures positive for atypical mycobacteria were identified by review of records over a 5‐year period at one center. All had central venous catheters and were lymphopenic at the time of infection. Eleven children had rapidly growing mycobacteria and two children had M. avium‐intracellulare. Nine patients had positive blood cultures. Three were treated with catheter removal as sole therapy, five had catheter removal plus antibiotics, and one had antibiotics alone. Two patients with pulmonary M. avium‐intracellulare infection received antibiotic therapy alone. It is concluded that infection with rapidly growing mycobacteria in children with cancer is associated with presence of a central venous catheter and lymphopenia. Some children with uncomplicated catheter‐associated infection with rapidly growing mycobacteria may be sufficiently treated with removal of the catheter alone. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Natural history of moderate aplastic anemia in children
Authors: Howard Scott C. , Naidu Paula E. , Hu X. Joan , Jeng Michael R. , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Rieman Martha D. , Wang Winfred C. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractBackgroundModerate aplastic anemia (MAA) in children is a rare, idiopathic condition of bone marrow insufficiency that can resolve spontaneously, persist for months or years, or progress to severe aplastic anemia (SAA). We evaluated the rate of progression to SAA.MethodsWe reviewed the records of 136 children referred for evaluation of bone marrow failure from 1978 to 2002 at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. MAA was defined by a hypocellular bone marrow (<50%) and 2 or 3 cytopenias (absolute neutrophil count <1,500/mm3, absolute reticulocyte count <40,000/mm3, platelet count <100,000/mm3) lasting at least 6 weeks.ResultsTwenty‐four patients met the criteria for MAA. At a median follow‐up of 66 months (range, 10–293), 16 patients (67%) progressed to SAA, 5 (21%) had persistent MAA, and 3 (12%) had complete resolution of MAA. No risk factors for progression could be identified.ConclusionsWhen childhood MAA is treated with supportive care alone, 2/3 of patients progress to SAA. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and adrenocortical carcinoma in a child with a germline p53 mutation
Authors: Khayat Catherine M. , Johnston Donna L. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA child with an unusual association of cancers is described. The patient first presented with a rhabdomyosarcoma of the right scapular muscle, and was successfully treated with chemotherapy. Six years after diagnosis of the first malignancy, the child presented with two synchronous malignancies: osteosarcoma of the jaw and adrenocortical carcinoma. Genetic mutation analysis was performed and revealed a germline p53 mutation of CGT > CAT at codon 273. The family history was negative for any other cancer consistent with the Li–Fraumeni syndrome. This case highlights the need for close surveillance of patients with p53 mutation for malignancy and describes the occurrence of two malignancies synchronously. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Late effects on renal glomerular and tubular function in childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Bárdi Edit , Oláh Anna V. , Bartyik Katalin , Endreffy Emőke , Jenei Csaba , Kappelmayer János , Kiss Csongor 
Published: July 2004

AbstractBackgroundLate nephrotoxicity among childhood cancer survivors is poorly documented.MethodsWe investigated 115 patients and 86 controls assessing serum cystatin C concentration (CysC), urinary N‐acetyl‐β‐d‐glucosaminidase activity (NAG), and microalbuminuria. Protenuria was quantified and electrophoresis performed. Polymorphism of the angiotensin convertase enzyme (ACE) gene was determined by genomic PCR.ResultsCysC was elevated in Wilms tumor (WT) patients. Gross proteinuria was observed in 30 patients including three patients with progressive proteinuria who improved on ACE‐inhibitor treatment. Neither patients with proteinuria nor the entire study population differed from controls with respect to ACE polymorphism. Pathologically elevated urinary NAG was noted in 38% of leukemia/lymphoma, 54% of solid tumor, 20% of WT survivors. A similar distribution of pathological microalbuminuria was found.ConclusionsMild‐to‐moderate subclinical glomerular and tubular damage can be identified in many childhood cancer survivors. However, most patients experience some spontaneous recovery from acute nephrotoxicity. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Towards developing a protein infrared spectra databank (PISD) for proteomics research
Authors: Hering Joachim A. , Innocent Peter R. , Haris Parvez I. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractFourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is an attractive tool for proteomics research as it can be used to rapidly characterize protein secondary structure in aqueous solution. Recently, a number of secondary structure prediction methods based on reference sets of FTIR spectra from proteins with known structure from X‐ray crystallography have been suggested. These prediction methods, often referred to as pattern recognition based approaches, demonstrated good prediction accuracy using some error measure, e.g., the standard error of prediction (SEP). However, to avoid possible adverse effects from differences in recording, the analysis has been mostly based on reference sets of FTIR spectra from proteins recorded in one laboratory only. As a result, these studies were based on reference sets of FTIR spectra from a limited number of proteins. Pattern recognition based approaches, however, rely on reference sets of FTIR spectra from as many proteins as possible representing all possible band shape variation to be related to the diversity of protein structural classes. Hence, if we want to build reliable pattern recognition based systems to support proteomics research, which are capable of making good predictions from spectral data of any unknown protein, one common goal should be to build a comprehensive protein infrared spectra databank (PISD) containing FTIR spectra of proteins of known structure. We have started the process of developing a comprehensive PISD composed of spectra recorded in different laboratories. As part of this work, here we investigate possible effects on prediction accuracy achieved by a neural network analysis when using reference sets composed of FTIR spectra from different laboratories. Surprisingly low magnitude of difference in SEPs throughout all our experiments suggests that FTIR spectra recorded in different laboratories may be safely combined into one reference set with only minor deterioration of prediction accuracy in the worst case.
Characterization of a digested protein complex with quantitative aspects: An approach based on accurate mass chromatographic analysis with Fourier transform‐ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Authors: Nakamura Takemichi , Dohmae Naoshi , Takio Koji 
Published: July 2004

AbstractWe describe a new approach for the characterization of a digested protein complex with quantitative aspects. Accurate masses of tryptic peptides in the digested complex were acquired by nano‐liquid chromatography Fourier transform‐ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MS). The conditions of the electrospray ion source were alternated to acquire normal and fragment‐ion‐rich mass spectra concurrently. This, alternating‐scan method, which includes no tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), allowed us to retain the integrity of the mass chromatograms and averted missed peptides due to MS and MS/MS switching. Tentative assignments of accurate peptide masses were verified with the concurrently acquired fragment‐ion‐rich spectra, and the identities of the protein components were established. For each identified protein component, mass chromatograms attributable to the validated accurate peptide masses were extracted, and the peak areas of multiple mass chromatograms were standardized. The standardized peak areas appeared to reasonably reflect the molar ratio of the protein components in standard mixtures. This new approach was successfully applied to the characterization of a cyanobacterial photosystem II complex preparation. A clear difference in the standardized peak areas was observed between the two groups of identified components, namely eight stoichiometric photosystem II proteins and two minor copurified phycobiliproteins.