bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An observational study on salivary conductivity for fluid status assessment and clinical relevance in acute ischemic stroke during intravenous fluid hydration
Authors: Chen Chun-Hao , Lee An-Ting , Yang Jen-Tsung , Tsai Yuan-Hsiung , Lin Leng-Chieh , Huang Yen-Chu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe body fluid status in acute stroke is a crucial determinant in early stroke recovery but a real-time method to monitor body fluid status is not available. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between salivary conductivity and body fluid status during the period of intravenous fluid hydration. Between June 2020 to August 2022, patients presenting with clinical signs of stroke at the emergency department were enrolled. Salivary conductivities were measured before and 3 h after intravenous hydration. Patients were considered responsive if their salivary conductivities at 3 h decreased by more than 20% compared to their baseline values. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and early neurological improvement was defined as a decrease of ≥ 2 points within 72 h of admission. Among 108 recruited patients, there were 35 of stroke mimics, 6 of transient ischemic attack and 67 of acute ischemic stroke. Salivary conductivity was significantly decreased after hydration in all patients (9008 versus 8118 µs/cm, p = 0.030). Among patients with acute ischemic stroke, the responsive group, showed a higher rate of early neurological improvement within 3 days compared to the non-responsive group (37% versus 10%, p = 0.009). In a multivariate logistic regression model, a decrease in salivary conductivity of 20% or more was found to be an independent factor associated with early neurological improvement (odds ratio 5.42, 95% confidence interval 1.31–22.5, p = 0.020). Real-time salivary conductivity might be a potential indicator of hydration status of the patient with acute ischemic stroke.
Prevalence of tuberculosis infection among patients with Takayasu arteritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Li Liping , Zhou Fang , Li Fen , Chen Jinwei , Xie Xi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo clarify the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK). In this study, we conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Medline, from the inception of the Literature Library to May 16, 2023. Using a specific set of keywords, including “Takayasu Arteritis”, “Tuberculosis”, and “Mycobacterium tuberculosis”, the main objective of this search was to identify all relevant observational studies, including case-control studies, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies, that report the prevalence of TB in individuals diagnosed with TAK. Two independent evaluators rigorously screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed the study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software version 4.3.0, which allowed for the synthesis of prevalence and subgroup analyses. Subgroup analyses were stratified based on quality scores, World Health Organization regional categorizations, and TB categories. Assessment of publication bias was performed using a funnel plot. The study included a total of 30 studies with 5548 participants. The findings showed that individuals with TAK exhibited an average prevalence of TB infection at 31.27% (95% CI 20.48–43.11%). Significantly, the prevalence of TB infection demonstrated notable regional disparities, ranging from 16.93% (95% CI 7.71–28.76%) in the Western Pacific Region to 63.58% (95% CI 35.70–87.66%) in the African Region. Moreover, the study revealed that patients with TAK displayed a high prevalence of latent TB infection (LTBI) at 50.01% (95% CI 31.25–68.77%) and active TB at 14.40% (95% CI 9.03–20.68%). The high heterogeneity observed in the data highlights significant variability in TB infection rates among the populations studied, with the African Region exhibiting the highest rates. The study concludes that there is a high prevalence of TB infection in the TAK population, with regional variations. Consideration should be given to implementing rigorous TB screening measures and preventive interventions specifically tailored for the TAK population.
Longitudinal analysis of refraction and ocular biometrics in preschool children with early-onset high myopia
Authors: Yum Hae Ri , Park Shin Hae , Shin Sun Young 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe investigated changes in refraction and ocular biometrics in preschool children with early-onset high myopia. Sixty eyes of 60 children with a mean follow-up time of 58.5 months were included in this study. At baseline, mean age of children was 55.6 ± 13.1 months, mean spherical equivalent (SE) was − 8.59 ± 2.66 D, and 25.64 ± 1.16 mm for axial length (AL). The total annual rate of myopic progression and axial elongation were − 0.37 ± 0.39 D/year and 0.33 ± 0.18 mm/year, respectively. During follow-up period, there was a trend toward less myopic progression and axial elongation over time. Of the total participants, 24 children (40%) were in the myopia progression group and the remaining 36 children (60%) were in the myopia stability group. In multiple linear regression analysis, baseline SE and AL were independently associated with myopic progression, while age, sex, and baseline AL-to-CR ratio were not related to myopic progression. According to the model, more myopic SE (β = − 0.186, P = 0.035) and longer AL (β = − 0.391, P = 0.008) at baseline were significantly associated with myopic progression. Myopia progression in preschoolers with high myopia tended to be relatively modest, with 60% of subjects exhibited myopic stability. Higher myopic SE, and longer AL at baseline were associated with myopic progression in preschool children with high myopia.
Impacts of tropical cyclones on the global water budget
Authors: Pérez-Alarcón Albenis , Coll-Hidalgo Patricia , Fernández-Alvarez José C. , Trigo Ricardo M. , Nieto Raquel , Gimeno Luis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTropical cyclones (TCs) require substantial amounts of moisture for their genesis and development, acting as important moisture drivers from the ocean to land and from tropical to subtropical and extratropical regions. Quantifying anomalous moisture transport related to TCs is crucial for understanding long-term TC-induced changes in the global hydrological cycle. Our results highlight that, in terms of the global water budget, TCs enhance moisture transport from evaporative regions and precipitation over sink regions, leading to predominantly anomalous positive surface freshwater flux areas over the tropics and more regionally concentrated negative areas over the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Furthermore, we detected seasonal variability in the impact of TC on the hydrological cycle, which is closely related to the annual and seasonal TC frequency. Our analysis also revealed a global statistically significant drop (~40 mm year−1) in TC-induced surface freshwater fluxes from 1980 to 2018 in response to the increasing sea surface temperature and slightly decrease in global TC frequency and lifetime in the last two decades. These findings have important implications for predicting the impacts of TCs on the hydrological cycle under global warming conditions.
Structural and biochemical investigations of a HEAT-repeat protein involved in the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly pathway
Authors: Vasquez Sheena , Marquez Melissa D. , Brignole Edward J. , Vo Amanda , Kong Sunnie , Park Christopher , Perlstein Deborah L. , Drennan Catherine L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIron-sulfur clusters are essential for life and defects in their biosynthesis lead to human diseases. The mechanism of cluster assembly and delivery to cytosolic and nuclear client proteins via the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly (CIA) pathway is not well understood. Here we report cryo-EM structures of the HEAT-repeat protein Met18 fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae, a key component of the CIA targeting complex (CTC) that identifies cytosolic and nuclear client proteins and delivers a mature iron-sulfur cluster. We find that in the absence of other CTC proteins, Met18 adopts tetrameric and hexameric states. Using mass photometry and negative stain EM, we show that upon the addition of Cia2, these higher order oligomeric states of Met18 disassemble. We also use pulldown assays to identify residues of critical importance for Cia2 binding and recognition of the Leu1 client, many of which are buried when Met18 oligomerizes. Our structures show conformations of Met18 that have not been previously observed in any Met18 homolog, lending support to the idea that a highly flexible Met18 may be key to how the CTC is able to deliver iron-sulfur clusters to client proteins of various sizes and shapes, i.e. Met18 conforms to the dimensions needed.
Unravelling key enzymatic steps in C-ring cleavage during angucycline biosynthesis
Authors: Elsayed Somayah S. , van der Heul Helga U. , Xiao Xiansha , Nuutila Aleksi , Baars Laura R. , Wu Changsheng , Metsä-Ketelä Mikko , van Wezel Gilles P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAngucyclines are type II polyketide natural products, often characterized by unusual structural rearrangements through B- or C-ring cleavage of their tetracyclic backbone. While the enzymes involved in B-ring cleavage have been extensively studied, little is known of the enzymes leading to C-ring cleavage. Here, we unravel the function of the oxygenases involved in the biosynthesis of lugdunomycin, a highly rearranged C-ring cleaved angucycline derivative. Targeted deletion of the oxygenase genes, in combination with molecular networking and structural elucidation, showed that LugOI is essential for C12 oxidation and maintaining a keto group at C6 that is reduced by LugOII, resulting in a key intermediate towards C-ring cleavage. An epoxide group is then inserted by LugOIII, and stabilized by the novel enzyme LugOV for the subsequent cleavage. Thus, for the first time we describe the oxidative enzymatic steps that form the basis for a wide range of rearranged angucycline natural products.
Low effective ultraviolet exposure ages for organics at the surface of Enceladus
Authors: Hendrix Amanda R. , House Christopher H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe saturnian moon Enceladus presents a remarkable opportunity in our solar system for searching for evidence of life, given its habitable ocean and plume that deposits organic-bearing ocean material onto the surface. Organic ocean material could be sampled by a lander mission at Enceladus. It is of interest to understand the amount of relatively pristine, unaltered organics present on the surface, given the ultraviolet (UV) and plasma environment. Here, we investigate UV penetration into Enceladus’s surface and the resultant effective exposure ages for various regions, using the UV reflectance spectrum of Enceladus as measured by the Hubble Space Telescope and considering the rate of resurfacing by plume fallout. In high plume fallout regions near the south pole, plume grains are buried by fresher grains within years, resulting in low levels of exposure to solar UV, which penetrates only ~100 micrometers. Regions at latitudes south of ~40°S can have exposure ages <100 years, translating to relatively high abundances of pristine organic material preserved in the regolith.
One-pot two-stage biocatalytic upgrading of biomass-derived aldehydes to optically active β-amino alcohols via sequential hydroxymethylation and asymmetric reduction amination
Authors: Suo Yin-Hua , Zhang Jing-Qi , Qi Ning , Huang Shuang-Ping , Gao Hang , Gao Li-Li , Zhang Chao-Feng , He Yu-Cai , Zhang Jian-Dong 
Published: December 2023

One-pot two-stage biocatalytic upgrading of biomass-derived aldehydes to optically active β-amino alcohols via sequential hydroxymethylation and asymmetric reduction amination.
Monte Carlo‐based service migration under multiple constraints in mobile edge computing
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Yu Hao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMobile edge computing as an emerging technique can provide services for mobile terminals, and meanwhile the mobility of users brings new challenges. When a user moves across different areas, the system needs to determine whether to migrate service so as to guarantee quality of experience for the user. However, it is difficult to obtain the optimal migration policy in real time due to the huge state space. Considering delay‐sensitive data‐intensive applications run by mobile terminals with limited battery power, an efficient service migration policy should be able to make a good tradeoff among service cost, service delay and terminal energy consumption. Here, an online Monte Carlo‐based service migration (MCSM) policy is proposed to minimize service cost under constraints of deadline and terminal energy consumption. A penalty mechanism is designed to update reward when partial or all constraints are not meet. State‐action value estimation and policy improvement are triggered only on the completion of each episode. Each episode is traversed reversely to calculate the average cumulative reward so as to improve policy. Experimental results show that the proposed approach can improve service success ratio and reduce average service cost compared to the existing service migration policies.
Electromagnetic field exposure boundary analysis at the near field for multi‐technology cellular base station site
Authors: Elbasheir Mohammed S. , Saeed Rashid A. , Edam Salaheldin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMobile networks are expanding quickly as a result of significant advancements in wireless technologies and solutions, especially with the recent introduction of the Fifth Generation New Radio. The growth in mobile networks requires the installation of massive numbers of base stations that bring concerns about increasing overall electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation exposure levels. The International Commission on Non‐Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) has published guidelines that have been adopted by many regulators in many countries to control the overall radiation emitted from EMF transmitters. This paper studies the compliance boundary for a single site operating with multiple technologies including from the second generation (2G) to 5G colocated in the same site. The analysis is performed using a typical site configuration setup for the boundary calculations in the form of the Compliance Distance (CD). The calculation uses the power reduction factor and system load for more realistic results, and in situ measurements are conducted to validate the calculation's formula. The study also investigated the CD for four types of sites, macro, micro, small cell, and indoor sites. Additionally, the study analyzed the power densities (PDs) and total exposure ratio (TER) for the general public and occupational workers at each site. The results show that CD has shorter distances when the power factor is considered, and 5G makes the highest contribution to the TER at the CD in the main directions of the antenna.
LIDA‐YOLO: An unsupervised low‐illumination object detection based on domain adaptation
Authors: Xiao Yun , Liao Hai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe low‐light environment is integral to everyday activities but poses significant challenges in object detection. Due to the low brightness, noise, and insufficient illumination of the acquired image, the model's object detection performance is reduced. Opposing recent studies mainly developing using supervised learning models, this paper suggests LIDA‐YOLO, an approach for unsupervised adaptation of low‐illumination object detectors. The model improves the YOLOv3 by using normal illumination images as the source domain and low‐illumination images as the target domain and achieves object detection in low‐illumination images through an unsupervised learning strategy. Specifically, a multi‐scale local feature alignment and global feature alignment module are proposed to align the overall attributes of the image and feature biases such as background, scene, and target layout are thus reduced. The experimental results of LIDA‐YOLO on the ExDark dataset achieved the highest performance mAP score of 56.65% compared to several current state‐of‐the‐art unsupervised domain adaptation object detection methods. Compared to I3Net, the performance improvement is 4.04%, and compared to OSHOT, the performance improvement is 6.5%. LIDA‐YOLO achieves a performance improvement of 2.7% compared to the supervised baseline method YOLOv3. Overall, the suggested LIDA‐YOLO model requires fewer samples and presents a stronger generalization ability than previous works.
From convective stellar dynamo simulations to Zeeman-Doppler images
Authors: Hackman T. , Kochukhov O. , Viviani M. , Warnecke J. , Korpi-Lagg M. J. , Lehtinen J. J. 
Published: December 2023

Context. Zeeman-Doppler imaging (ZDI) is used to reconstruct the surface magnetic field of late-type stars from high-resolution spectropolarimetric observations. The results are usually described in terms of characteristics of the field topology, such as poloidality versus toroidality and axisymmetry versus non-axisymmetry, in addition to the field strength.
Aims. In this study, we want to test how well these characteristics are preserved when applying the ZDI method to simulated data. We are particularly interested in how accurately the field topology is preserved and to what extent stellar parameters, such as projected rotation velocity and rotation axis inclination, influence the reconstruction.
Methods. For these tests, we used published magnetic field vector data from direct numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulations taken near the surface of the simulation domain. These simulations have variable rotation rates and therefore represent different levels of activity of an otherwise Sun-like setup with a convective envelope of solar thickness. Our ZDI reconstruction is based on spherical harmonics expansion. By comparing the original values to those of the reconstructed images, we study the ability to reconstruct the surface magnetic field in terms of various characteristics of the field.
Results. In general, the ZDI method works as expected. The main large-scale features are reasonably well recovered, but the strength of the recovered magnetic field is just a fraction of the original input. The quality of the reconstruction shows clear correlations with the data quality. Furthermore, there are some spurious dependencies between stellar parameters and the characteristics of the field.
Conclusions. Our study uncovers some limits of ZDI. Firstly, the recovered field strength will generally be lower than the ‘real’ value, as smaller structures with opposite polarities will be blurred in the inversion. This is also seen in the relative distribution of magnetic energy in terms of the angular degree ℓ. Secondly, the axisymmetry is overestimated. The poloidality versus toroidality is better recovered. The reconstruction works better for a stronger field and faster rotation velocity. Still, the ZDI method works surprisingly well even for a weaker field and slow rotation provided the data have a high signal-to-noise ratio and good rotation phase coverage.
Indene energetic processing in ice mantles in the interstellar medium
Authors: Maté Belén , Tanarro Isabel , Peláez Ramón J. , Cernicharo José , Herrero Victor J. 
Published: December 2023

Context. Indene, a small PAH, has been detected in the gas phase in the cold dense cloud TMC-1. Due to the low temperature in the cloud, below indene condensation temperature, its presence in the ice mantles of dust grains is likely.
Aims. The aim of this work is to study the stability of indene against the energetic processing by VUV photons or cosmic rays in the ice mantles of dense molecular clouds.
Methods. Ice layers of pure indene or indene diluted in water ice were grown by vapor deposition on a cold surface held at 10 K, 100 K, or 140 K. The samples were processed with VUV photons (120–180 nm) and 5 keV electrons and the destruction of indene was monitored by following the decay of its absorption bands in the infrared (IR) spectrum. Finally, we recorded the mass spectra of the decomposition products sublimated by thermal programmed desorption of the processed samples.
Results. Photolysis and radiolysis cross-sections, along with half-life energy doses for indene in the solid form and diluted in water ice matrices at 10 K were derived. Ketones and alcohols were identified as the main processing products in indene and water–ice mixtures
Conclusions. Dilution in water ice enhances the destruction rate of indene under energetic processing. The molecule is expected to survive for more than 107 yr in the ice mantles of grains in the interior of dense clouds, but it will end up getting destroyed within the next few hundred years by the intense VUV field in the diffuse region at the edges of the cloud.
Inter-repetition Rest Impact on Percentage of Repetition Completed at
Certain Velocity Loss
Authors: Martínez-Rubio Carlos , Quidel-Catrilelbún Mauricio Elías Leandro , Baena-Raya Andrés , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel Antonio , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study examined the impact of different inter-repetition rest (IRR)
configurations (zero seconds [IRR0], three seconds [IRR3], and self-selected
less than five seconds [SSIRR]) on estimating the number of repetitions (Nrep)
and the percentage of completed repetitions relative to the maximum number of
repetitions possible to failure (%rep) after reaching 10%,
20%, and 30% velocity loss thresholds (VLT). Eighteen men
completed three sessions, each with a different IRR configuration, separated by
48–72 hours. Single sets of repetitions to momentary muscular
failure were performed against 65%, 75%, and 85% of the
one-repetition maximum during free-weight back squat and bench press exercises.
No significant differences were reported between IRR configurations for the Nrep
(P≥0.089) and %rep (P≥0.061), except
for %rep after reaching the 20–30%VLT against
65%1RM and the 10–20%VLT against 75%1RM in the
bench press exercise (P≤0.048). Additionally, both Nrep and
%rep exhibited high interindividual variability (between-subject
CV=14–79%) across the different IRR configurations. The
individual %rep-%VLT relationships were slightly stronger than
the general %rep-%VLT relationships (median
R

2
=0.914–0.971 vs.
0.698–0.900). Overall, regardless of the IRR configuration, this novel
velocity-based approach does not guarantee the same effort levels across
subjects in the free-weight back squat and bench press sets.
Change of Direction Asymmetry in Youth Elite Tennis Players: A
Longitudinal Study
Authors: D’Hondt Joachim , Chapelle Laurent 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLongitudinal investigations into the development of inter-limb asymmetry in
sports are scarce. This study examined the development of change of direction
(COD) asymmetry magnitude in youth elite tennis players. Dominant (overall best
performance) and non-dominant (best performance on the other side) scores and
COD asymmetry magnitude were quantified annually (up to six years) in 323 male
and 235 female players (ages 6 to13 years). Linear mixed effects regression
models examined the development of COD performance and asymmetry magnitude
according to players’ chronological age and sex. Kappa coefficients
examined the consistency for the direction of asymmetry across test occasions.
Regardless of sex, COD performance significantly improved (p<0.001)
while COD asymmetry magnitude significantly decreased
(− 0.17±0.87% / year) with increasing
chronological age. Regardless of age, males showed significantly lower COD times
(− 0.111±0.091 s) and lower COD asymmetry
magnitude (− 0.30±1.00%) compared to females.
The slight and poor (k-value=0.02–0.00) kappa coefficients for
males and females, respectively, highlight the direction specificity of
functional asymmetry. These data show that whereas performance of the COD test
improved, the magnitude of COD asymmetry declined across chronological age in
youth tennis players.