bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Wrinkle‐Enhanced Porous Poly(lactic Acid) Electret‐based Nanogenerator for Self‐powered Wireless Temperature Measurement Systems
Authors: Li Chaohai , Qiao Liang , Zhu Yuxuan , Yu Fang , Peng Biaolin , Wang Zhong Lin , Ren Kailiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecently, electret‐based triboelectric nanogenerator (E‐TENG) showssignificant advantages for energy harvesting applications, including a largeelectric current and high output stability. Inthis investigation, porous biocompatible polylactide (PLA) film is prepared for E‐TENG applications. They found that thesurface potential of the porous PLA‐based bioelectret film is maintained at2.1 kV after 86 days of decay,. The measurement data from theE‐TENG‐based cantilever beam showed that the E‐TENG reached an open‐circuitvoltage (Voc) of 184 V and a short circuit current (Isc)of 22.4 µAat 13.8 Hz. Furthermore, the E‐TENG and the PVDF‐based piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) are combined to create a hybridNG for energy harvesting applications. The data indicate that the maximumoutput power of the hybrid NG reached 73.5 µWat 6 MΩ,which is 30.7% and 1.91‐fold higher than that of the PENG and the E‐TENG,respectively. The hybrid NG is used as a powersource to drive a wireless temperaturetransmission system, which can receive a temperature transmission signal from 20 m away. The advantages of biocompatibility,softness and ease of processing make the porous PLA film a great candidate forwearable devices applications.
Thermo‐Mechanical Analysis of Epoxy Resins Under the Influence of Moisture‐Heat Coupling by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Sheng Can , Liang Kang , Wang Shizhao , Liu Sheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEpoxy resins are used in electronic packaging. However, its low thermal conductivity is a disadvantage and the high moisture absorption leads to defects such as cracking and delamination. In this work, the effect of thermo‐mechanical properties of epoxy resins under moisture‐heat coupling is investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and polyetheramine D230 are used as epoxy resin matrix and curing agents, respectively. The degree of cross–linking is set from 0% to 98% and the moisture mass fraction is set from 0 wt.% to 10 wt.%. The radius distribution function(RDF) shows that water molecules tend to appear ≈2.75 Å from the epoxy resin. The thermal conductivity of the epoxy resin increases by 54.55% for the maximum cross–linking degrees studied. And it increases by 19.23% when the moisture mass fraction is increased from 0 wt.% to 10 wt.%. The deformation of the epoxy resin is calculated which includes the coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE), coefficient of moisture expansion(CME), and coefficient of linear expansion. It is found that moisture expansion predominated at low temperatures and thermal expansion dominates at high temperatures. The analysis provides a theoretical basis for the study of hygrothermal coupling effects.
Biomimetic Wearable Sensors: Emerging Combination of Intelligence and Electronics
Authors: Pan Donglei , Hu Jiawang , Wang Bin , Xia Xuanjie , Cheng Yifan , Wang Cheng‐Hua , Lu Yuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOwing to the advancement of interdisciplinary concepts, for example, wearable electronics, bioelectronics, and intelligent sensing, during the microelectronics industrial revolution, nowadays, extensively mature wearable sensing devices have become new favorites in the noninvasive human healthcare industry. The combination of wearable sensing devices with bionics is driving frontier developments in various fields, such as personalized medical monitoring and flexible electronics, due to the superior biocompatibilities and diverse sensing mechanisms. It is noticed that the integration of desired functions into wearable device materials can be realized by grafting biomimetic intelligence. Therefore, herein, the mechanism by which biomimetic materials satisfy and further enhance system functionality is reviewed. Next, wearable artificial sensory systems that integrate biomimetic sensing into portable sensing devices are introduced, which have received significant attention from the industry owing to their novel sensing approaches and portabilities. To address the limitations encountered by important signal and data units in biomimetic wearable sensing systems, two paths forward are identified and current challenges and opportunities are presented in this field. In summary, this review provides a further comprehensive understanding of the development of biomimetic wearable sensing devices from both breadth and depth perspectives, offering valuable guidance for future research and application expansion of these devices.
Site‐Selective Tyrosine Reaction for Antibody‐Cell Conjugation and Targeted Immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Hongfei , Wong Hong‐Chai Fabio , Qiu Jiaming , Li Biquan , Yuan Dingdong , Kong Hao , Bao Yishu , Zhang Yu , Xu Zhiyi , Tse Ying‐Lung Steve , Xia Jiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTargeted immunotherapies capitalize on the exceptional binding capabilities of antibodies to stimulate a host response that effectuates long‐lived tumor destruction. One example is the conjugation of immunoglobulins (IgGs) to immune effector cells, which equips the cells with the ability to recognize and accurately kill malignant cells through a process called antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In this study, a chemoenzymatic reaction is developed that specifically functionalizes a single tyrosine (Tyr, Y) residue, Y296, in the Fc domain of therapeutic IgGs. A one‐pot reaction that combines the tyrosinase‐catalyzed oxidation of tyrosine to o‐quinone with a subsequent [3+2] photoaddition with vinyl ether is employed. This reaction installs fluorescent molecules or bioorthogonal groups at Y296 of IgGs or the C‐terminal Y‐tag of an engineered nanobody. The Tyr‐specific reaction is utilized in constructing monofunctionalized antibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs) and antibody/nanobody‐conjugated effector cells, such as natural killer cells or macrophages. These results demonstrate the potential of site‐selective antibody reactions for enhancing targeted cancer immunotherapy.
Optothermal Needle‐Free Injection of Vaterite Nanocapsules
Authors: Kislov Denis , Ofer Daniel , Machnev Andrey , Barhom Hani , Bobrovs Vjaceslavs , Shalin Alexander , Ginzburg Pavel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe propulsion and acceleration of nanoparticles with light have both fundamental and applied significance across many disciplines. Needle‐free injection of biomedical nano cargoes into living tissues is among the examples. Here a new physical mechanism of laser‐induced particle acceleration is explored, based on abnormal optothermal expansion of mesoporous vaterite cargoes. Vaterite nanoparticles, a metastable form of calcium carbonate, are placed on a substrate, underneath a target phantom, and accelerated toward it with the aid of a short femtosecond laser pulse. Light absorption followed by picosecond‐scale thermal expansion is shown to elevate the particle's center of mass thus causing acceleration. It is shown that a 2 µm size vaterite particle, being illuminated with 0.5 W average power 100 fsec IR laser, is capable to overcome van der Waals attraction and acquire 15m sec−1 velocity. The demonstrated optothermal laser‐driven needle‐free injection into a phantom layer and Xenopus oocyte in vitro promotes the further development of light‐responsive nanocapsules, which can be equipped with additional optical and biomedical functions for delivery, monitoring, and controllable biomedical dosage to name a few.
Bio‐Inspired Microreactors Continuously Synthesize Glucose Precursor from CO2 with an Energy Conversion Efficiency 3.3 Times of Rice
Authors: Zhu Yujiao , Xie Fengjia , Wun Tommy Ching Kit , Li Kecheng , Lin Huan , Tsoi Chi Chung , Jia Huaping , Chai Yao , Zhao Qian , Lo Benedict Tsz‐woon , Leu Shao‐Yuan , Jia Yanwei , Ren Kangning , Zhang Xuming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExcessive CO2 and food shortage are two grand challenges of human society. Directly converting CO2 into food materials can simultaneously alleviate both, like what green crops do in nature. Nevertheless, natural photosynthesis has a limited energy efficiency due to low activity and specificity of key enzyme D‐ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO). To enhance the efficiency, many prior studies focused on engineering the enzymes, but this study chooses to learn from the nature to design more efficient reactors. This work is original in mimicking the stacked structure of thylakoids in chloroplasts to immobilize RuBisCO in a microreactor using the layer‐by‐layer strategy, obtaining the continuous conversion of CO2 into glucose precursor at 1.9 nmol min−1 with enhanced activity (1.5 times), stability (≈8 times), and reusability (96% after 10 reuses) relative to the free RuBisCO. The microreactors are further scaled out from one to six in parallel and achieve the production at 15.8 nmol min−1 with an energy conversion efficiency of 3.3 times of rice, showing better performance of this artificial synthesis than NPS in terms of energy conversion efficiency. The exploration of the potential of mass production would benefit both food supply and carbon neutralization.
Electrolyte Engineering Toward High Performance High Nickel (Ni ≥ 80%) Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Dong Tiantian , Zhang Shenghang , Ren Zhongqin , Huang Lang , Xu Gaojie , Liu Tao , Wang Shitao , Cui Guanglei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh nickel (Ni ≥ 80%) lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with high specific energy are one of the most important technical routes to resolve the growing endurance anxieties. However, because of their extremely aggressive chemistries, high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs suffer from poor cycle life and safety performance, which hinder their large‐scale commercial applications. Among varied strategies, electrolyte engineering is very powerful to simultaneously enhance the cycle life and safety of high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs. In this review, the pivotal challenges faced by high‐Ni oxide cathodes and conventional LiPF6‐carbonate‐based electrolytes are comprehensively summarized. Then, the functional additives design guidelines for LiPF6‐carbonate ‐based electrolytes and the design principles of high voltage resistance/high safety novel electrolytes are systematically elaborated to resolve these pivotal challenges. Moreover, the proposed thermal runaway mechanisms of high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs are also reviewed to provide useful perspectives for the design of high‐safety electrolytes. Finally, the potential research directions of electrolyte engineering toward high‐performance high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs are provided. This review will have an important impact on electrolyte innovation as well as the commercial evolution of high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs, and also will be significant to breakthrough the energy density ceiling of LIBs.
Modification Strategies for Development of 2D Material‐Based Electrocatalysts for Alcohol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Fu Haichang , Chen Zhangxin , Chen Xiaohe , Jing Fan , Yu Hua , Chen Dan , Yu Binbin , Hu Yun Hang , Jin Yanxian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract2D materials, such as graphene, MXenes (metal carbides and nitrides), graphdiyne (GDY), layered double hydroxides, and black phosphorus, are widely used as electrocatalyst supports for alcohol oxidation reactions (AORs) owing to their large surface area and unique 2D charge transport channels. Furthermore, the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts for AORs via tuning the structure of 2D support materials has recently become a hot area. This article provides a critical review on modification strategies to develop 2D material‐based electrocatalysts for AOR. First, the principles and influencing factors of electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols (such as methanol and ethanol) are introduced. Second, surface molecular functionalization, heteroatom doping, and composite hybridization are deeply discussed as the modification strategies to improve 2D material catalyst supports for AORs. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of 2D material‐based electrocatalysts for AORs are outlined. This review will promote further efforts in the development of electrocatalysts for AORs.
A Self‐Assembly Pro‐Coagulant Powder Capable of Rapid Gelling Transformation and Wet Adhesion for the Efficient Control of Non‐Compressible Hemorrhage
Authors: Lei Xiong‐Xin , Zou Chen‐Yu , Hu Juan‐Juan , Fan Ming‐Hui , Jiang Yan‐Lin , Xiong Ming , Han Chen , Zhang Xiu‐Zhen , Li Ya‐Xing , Zhao Long‐Mei , Nie Rong , Li‐Ling Jesse , Xie Hui‐Qi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRapid and effective control of non‐compressible massive hemorrhage poses a great challenge in first‐aid and clinical settings. Herein, a biopolymer‐based powder is developed for the control of non‐compressible hemorrhage. The powder is designed to facilitate rapid hemostasis by its excellent hydrophilicity, great specific surface area, and adaptability to the shape of wound, enabling it to rapidly absorb fluid from the wound. Specifically, the powder can undergo sequential cross‐linking based on “click” chemistry and Schiff base reaction upon contact with the blood, leading to rapid self‐gelling. It also exhibits robust tissue adhesion through covalent/non‐covalent interactions with the tissues (adhesive strength: 89.57 ± 6.62 KPa, which is 3.75 times that of fibrin glue). Collectively, this material leverages the fortes of powder and hydrogel. Experiments with animal models for severe bleeding have shown that it can reduce the blood loss by 48.9%. Studies on the hemostatic mechanism also revealed that, apart from its physical sealing effect, the powder can enhance blood cell adhesion, capture fibrinogen, and synergistically induce the formation of fibrin networks. Taken together, this hemostatic powder has the advantages for convenient preparation, sprayable use, and reliable hemostatic effect, conferring it with a great potential for the control of non‐compressible hemorrhage.
Constructing Multiphase‐Induced Interfacial Polarization to Surpass Defect‐Induced Polarization in Multielement Sulfide Absorbers
Authors: Hui Shengchong , Zhou Xu , Zhang Limin , Wu Hongjing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe extremely weak heterointerface construction of high‐entropy materials (HEM) hinders them being the electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers with ideal properties. To address this issue, this study proposes multiphase interfacial engineering and results in a multiphase‐induced interfacial polarization loss in multielement sulfides. Through the selection of atoms with diverse reaction activities, the multiphase interfacial components of CuS (1 0 5), Fe0.5Ni0.5S2 (2 1 0), and CuFe2S3 (2 0 0) are constructed to enhance the interfacial polarization loss in multielement Cu‐based sulfides. Compared with single‐phase high‐entropy Zn‐based sulfides (ZnFeCoNiCr‐S), the multiphase Cu‐based sulfides (CuFeCoNiCr‐S) possess optimized EMW absorption properties (effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.70 GHz at 2.00 mm) due to the existence of specific interface of CuS (1 0 5)/CuFe2S3 (2 0 0) with proper EM parameters. Furthermore, single‐phase ZnFeCoNiCr‐S into FeNi2S4 (3 1 1)/(Zn, Fe)S (1 1 1) heterointerface through 400 °C heat‐treated is decomposed. The EMW absorption properties are enhanced by strong interfacial polarization (EAB of 4.83 GHz at 1.45 mm). This work reveals the reasons for the limited EMW absorption properties of high‐entropy sulfides and proposes multiphase interface engineering to improve charge accumulation and polarization between specific interfaces, leading to the enhanced EMW absorption properties.
Low‐Temperature Carbonized N/O/S‐Tri‐Doped Hard Carbon for Fast and Stable K‐Ions Storage
Authors: Lu Xiaoyi , Zhou Junjie , Huang Le , Peng Handong , Xu Junling , Liu Guoping , Shi Chenglong , Sun Zhipeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHard carbon stands out as one of the premier anodes for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), celebrated for its cost‐effectiveness, natural abundance, and high yield. Yet, its performance in PIBs remains subpar due to slow kinetics, a result of the large ionic radius of K‐ions. Herein, a unique lamellar N/O/S‐tri‐doped hard carbon (NOSHC) has been developed at an impressively low pyrolysis temperature of 500°C, showcasing a distinct “slope‐dominated” characteristic. NOSHC delivers superior rate performance with a dominant surface‐driven capacitive contribution (71.6% at a scan rate of 0.5 mV s−1), maintaining a robust reversible specific capacity of 125 mAh g−1 (half its peak) even at 5 A g−1. Its stability is equally commendable, as it sustains a substantial specific capacity of 265 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1 and retains 210 mAh g−1 post‐1000 cycles at 1 A g−1. Moreover, NOSHC undergoes continuous activation via potassiation/depotassiation during cycling. Rich heteroatom doping introduces a plethora of defects and vacancies, creating abundant active sites. The distinct lamellar structure, featuring minimal pores, optimizes K‐ions transport by shortening the diffusion length. This study unveils the potential of enhancing hard carbon anodes for PIBs by harnessing a low carbonization temperature approach.
Digestive enzymes of postweaned greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) are influenced by water temperatures and dietary protein levels
Authors: Bansemer Matthew S. , Salini Michael J. , Qin Jian G. , Harris James O. , Howarth Gordon S. , Stone David A. J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDigestive enzyme activities are known to fluctuate in abalone grown under different environmental conditions however the effects of different dietary regimes are less clear. Therefore, in a 12‐week study, the effects of water temperature and dietary protein levels on digestive enzyme activity in postweaned (6‐month‐old) greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) were investigated. The abalone were fed diets with crude protein levels that ranged from 27% to 36% and cultured at 14°C, 17°C and 20°C. Diets were formulated to be isoenergetic (12.5 MJ kg−1 digestible energy) and isolipidic (3.6% crude lipid). Trypsin, α‐amylase and lipase activities were measured in the gastrointestinal region. Trypsin, α‐amylase and lipase activities significantly increased as water temperatures were raised. In addition, significantly higher α‐amylase activities were observed as protein levels increased, potentially indicating a compensatory effect to increase carbohydrate utilisation for energy metabolism when in short supply. However, abalone fed high dietary protein levels may also utilise protein for energy metabolism. Further research investigating the dietary carbohydrate source for greenlip abalone is recommended. This study provides useful information on the digestive enzyme activity in postweaned greenlip abalone to improve diet strategies for sustainable production.Abbreviated abstract: Post‐weaned greenlip abalone digestive enzyme activity was examined after feeding four dietary protein levels at three different temperatures for a 12‐week period. Enzyme activities were significantly increased with increasing water temperature. Additionally, significantly higher α‐amylase activities were observed as protein levels increased.
Coupled Resonator Acoustic Waveguides‐Based Acoustic Interferometers Designed within 2D Phononic Crystals: Experiment and Theory
Authors: Martínez‐Esquivel David , Méndez‐Sánchez Rafael Alberto , Heo Hyeonu , Martínez‐Argüello Angel Marbel , Mayorga‐Rojas Miguel , Neogi Arup , Reyes‐Contreras Delfino 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe acoustic response of defect‐based acoustic interferometer‐like designs, known as Coupled Resonator Acoustic Waveguides (CRAWs), in 2D phononic crystals (PnCs) is reported. The PnC is composed of steel cylinders arranged in a square lattice within a water matrix with defects induced by selectively removing cylinders to create Mach‐Zehnder‐like (MZ) defect‐based interferometers. Two defect‐based acoustic interferometers of MZ‐type are fabricated, one with arms oriented horizontally and another one with arms oriented diagonally, and their transmission features are experimentally characterized using ultrasonic spectroscopy. The experimental data are compared with finite element method (FEM) simulations and with tight‐binding (TB) calculations in which each defect is treated as a resonator coupled to its neighboring ones. Significantly, the results exhibit excellent agreement indicating the reliability of the proposed approach. This comprehensive match is of paramount importance for accurately predicting and optimizing resonant modes supported by defect arrays, thus enabling the tailoring of phononic structures and defect‐based waveguides to meet specific requirements. This successful implementation of FEM and TB calculations in investigating CRAWs systems within PnCs paves the way for designing advanced acoustic devices with desired functionalities for various practical applications, demonstrating the application of solid‐state electronics principles to underwater acoustic devices description.
Time‐Resolved Photoemission Electron Microscopy on a ZnO Surface Using an Extreme Ultraviolet Attosecond Pulse Pair
Authors: Vogelsang Jan , Wittenbecher Lukas , Mikaelsson Sara , Guo Chen , Sytcevich Ivan , Viotti Anne‐Lise , Arnold Cord L. , L'Huillier Anne , Mikkelsen Anders 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrons photoemitted by extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulses derive spatially from the first few atomic surface layers and energetically from the valence band and highest atomic orbitals. As a result, it is possible to probe the emission dynamics from a narrow 2D region in the presence of optical fields, as well as obtain elemental specific information. However, combining this with spatially‐resolved imaging is a long‐standing challenge because of the large inherent spectral width of attosecond pulses, as well as the difficulty of making them at high repetition rates. Here, this work demonstrates an attosecond interferometry experiment on a zinc oxide (ZnO) surface using spatially and energetically resolved photoelectrons. Photoemission electron microscopy is combined with near‐infrared pump ‐ extreme ultraviolet probe laser spectroscopy and the instantaneous phase of an infrared field is resolved with high spatial resolution. Results show how the core level states with low binding energy of ZnO are well suited to perform spatially resolved attosecond interferometry experiments. A distinct phase shift of the attosecond beat signal is observed across the laser focus which is attributed to wavefront differences between the pump and the probe fields at the surface. This work demonstrates a clear pathway for attosecond interferometry with high spatial resolution at atomic scale surface regions opening up for a detailed understanding of nanometric light‐matter interaction.