bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
35 Happiness Project: A Customized Mind Body Intervention Significantly Changed the Social Relationship Scores Among Healthy College Students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pillai Varun , Manohar Nuthan , Byrne Nicole , Rodriguez Adriana , Nair Anil 
Published: December 2023

Objective:To find how healthy college going participants SRS were affected by a customized Mind Body Intervention (MBI).Participants and Methods:We performed a customized online tele-video course based MBI incorporating mindfulness and awareness training over a period of one month in 2021 to MBA students attending the Indian Institute of Management (IIM). Each subject was their own control. We used the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (QO-BREF) social relationship sub-scores pre and post intervention to assess participant SRS.Results:277 MBA students from the IIM with a mean age of 26.89 ± 1.7 were analyzed. Of the 277 students, 90 (32.49%) were female. The MBI decreased the self-perceived Social Relationship score among 277 graduate students. The mean SRS before the intervention was 7.51 ± 1.7 while the mean SRS after was 6.9 ± 1.7. Univariate paired t-test showed a significant mean difference (t = 5.1, p<.001). On a multivariate linear-regression model, the SRS change estimate was 0.46, t-value was 9.3, p < 0.001; 95% confidence interval was 0.37 - 0.56; p-value <0.001.Conclusions:An online tele-video based customized Mind Body Intervention decreased the self-perceived social relationship score among graduate students at the IIM during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Symposium 15: Impact of Environmental Contaminants on Child Neurodevelopment
Authors: Till Christine 
Published: December 2023

Summary Abstract:Children are exposed to toxic chemicals throughout development and the long-term consequences of this exposure can be profound. Despite decades of research documenting the vulnerability of the developing brain to environmental contaminants, there has been little progress in protecting against developmental neurotoxicity. This symposium will discuss recent research in developmental neurotoxicology using a "developmental origins of health and disease" (DOHaD) framework that examines the context in which environmental contaminants exert their effects. We will examine the timescale for developmental toxicity, windows of vulnerability, and the bases of individual differences in vulnerability, including sex-specific effects of chemical exposures. This symposium will feature new pregnancy and birth cohort studies that have implicated fluoride as a developmental neurotoxin and endocrine disruptor. In addition, we will discuss emerging issues in epidemiology, including how environmental contaminants may interact with non-chemical stressors and have lifelong impacts on cognition and behaviours. This symposium will be capped with a discussion of the public's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to developmental toxicity and strategies to reduce exposure. All speakers will be asked to draw conclusions on research priorities, and discuss how to balance regulators' need for "ideal evidence" with a public health strategy that aims to protect the public from critical environmental hazards. The symposium will consist of the following five presentations, each 12 minutes in length, followed by a 15 minute discussion.1. John Krzeckowski, PhD, York University, Toronto, Canada.TITLE: Applying a Dimensional Framework to the Study of Developmental Neurotoxicity2. Carly Goodman, PhD candidate, York University, Toronto, CanadaTITLE: Sex difference of Developmental Neurotoxicants on Intellectual abilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis3. Meaghan Hall, PhD candidate, York University, Toronto, Canada.TITLE: Fluoride Exposure and Hypothyroidism in Pregnant Women: A Potential Mechanism of Fluoride Neurotoxicity4. Ashley Malin, PhD, University of Florida,Florida, USA.TITLE: Urinary Fluoride Levels and Metal Co-Exposures among Pregnant Women in Los Angeles, California5. Rivka Green, PhD, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.TITLE: Translating developmental neurotoxicity for the public: A large, multi-country, randomized-control trial investigating children's environmental health literacy
26 Improvement in Executive Function Following Goal-Oriented Attentional Self-Regulation Training in Veterans with mTBI
Authors: Santiago Rachel , Raptentsetsang Sky , Maruyama Brian A , Hwang Anna , Cassar Marissa , Abrams Gary , Mukherjee Pratik , Novakovic-Agopian Tatjana 
Published: December 2023

Objective:Goal-Oriented Attentional Self-Regulation (GOALS) is a cognitive rehabilitation training that targets difficulties with executive control functions. Prior research has found that GOALS training improves executive function, functional outcomes, and PTSD symptoms in Veterans with comorbid PTSD and TBI. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of GOALS training versus an active time-matched Behavioral Health Education (BHE) intervention in military Veterans with history of mTBI and executive function difficulties.Participants and Methods:Thirty-four veterans with a history of mild TBI (>6 months post-injury) and cognitive difficulties were randomized to GOALS or BHE group intervention. GOALS is a cognitive rehabilitation intervention that incorporates mindfulness-based attention regulation training, and goal management strategies applied to participant-defined goals. It consists of ten 2-hour sessions administered in small group format, and three individual 1-hour sessions. The BHE group is a matched control condition that mirrors GOALS in terms of duration and level of involvement. Participants completed a comprehensive evaluation consisting of neuropsychological and ecologically valid functional performance measures of complex attention and executive function, before and after GOALS or BHE intervention. Overall neuropsychological attention/executive functioning included measures of working memory (Letter Number Sequencing, Auditory Consonant Trigrams), mental flexibility (Design & Verbal Fluency Switching, Trails B, Stroop Inhibition/Switching), inhibition (Stroop Inhibition), and sustained attention (Digit Vigilance). The Goal Processing Scale (GPS) was used to measure ecologically valid complex functional performance.Results:Post GOALS training, but not post BHE, participants significantly improved on measures of attention /executive function including overall performance (p=.02), working memory (p=.04), sustained attention (p=.03)., and inhibition (p=.01). On measures of complex functional task performance, post GOALS participants significantly improved in the domain of planning (p=.02).Conclusions:GOALS training improved performance on neuropsychological and ecologically valid functional measures of complex attention and executive function in Veterans with mild TBI and cognitive difficulties. The current study highlights how mindfulness-based attention regulation and goalmanagement strategies applied to personal goals has positive effects across various outcomes. A percentage of individuals with mTBI continue to report persistent problems with cognition and daily functioning. Cognitive rehabilitation training such as GOALS may be beneficial for those with persistent difficulties following mTBI, even in chronic phase.
Succession of the bacterial community from a spacecraft assembly clean room when enriched in brines relevant to Mars
Authors: Carte Meris E. , Chen Fei , Clark Benton C. , Schneegurt Mark A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInterplanetary spacecraft are built in a spacecraft assembly facility (SAF), a clean room designed to reduce microbial contamination that could confound life detection missions or influence native ecosystems. The frigid hyperarid near-surface environment of Mars has ample hygroscopic Mg and Na salts of chloride, (per)chlorate and sulphate that may deliquesce to form dense brines, liquids with low water activity, and freezing points <0°C. The current study sought to define the climax microbial community after 6 mo of enrichment of SAF floor wipe samples in salt plains medium supplemented with 50% (w/v; ~2 M;aw= 0.94) MgSO4or 20% (w/v; ~1.9 M;aw= 0.91) NaClO3. After 1 wk, 4 wk and 6 mo of incubation, metagenomic DNA extracts of the enriched SAF microbial community were used for high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and subsequent phylogenetic analyses. Additionally, dozens of bacterial strains were isolated by repetitive streak-plating from the climax community after 6 mo of enrichment. Early in the enrichment, staphylococci greatly dominated and then remained abundant members of the community. However, actinobacteria succeeded the staphylococci as the dominant taxa as the cultures matured, includingArthrobacter,BrachybacteriumandBrevibacterium. A diverse assemblage of bacilli was present, withOceanobacillusbeing especially abundant. The SAF culture collection included representatives ofBrachybacterium conglomeratum, Brevibacterium sediminis, Oceanobacillus picturaeandStaphylococcus sciuri. These were characterized with biochemical and physiological tests, revealing their high salinotolerance. Shannon diversity indices were generally near 2, reflecting modest diversity at several levels of identity and the community structures were uneven throughout. However, minor members of the community seem capable of the ecosystem functions required for biogeochemical cycling. For instance, organisms capable of all the functions of the N cycle were detected. The microbial assemblage in SAFs is the most likely to be transported by spacecraft to another world. While individual microbial populations may exhibit the qualities needed for survival at the near-surface of Mars, certainly entire communities with the capacity for complete biogeochemical cycling, would have a greater chance of survival and proliferation.
British-Bangladeshi Muslim men: removing barriers to mental health support and effectively supporting our community
Authors: Alam Shah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In England, Bangladeshi men are amongst the lowest number of people referred to primary care NHS Talking Therapies services and amongst the most likely to have deteriorated (NHS Digital, 2020). Factors related to culture, religion and gender influence stigma and help-seeking (Robinson et al., 2011). Furthermore, a lack of knowledge from services and professionals on cultural understandings of mental distress facilitate a failure to fully understand the needs of individual populations (Faheem, 2023). The aim of this research study was to qualitatively explore stigma and help-seeking for mental health difficulties, within British-Bangladeshi Muslim men in London. Recruitment consisted of men aged 22–59 years, experiencing symptoms of anxiety and/or depression but not accessing formal support. Ethical approval was obtained from Royal Holloway, University of London. After an online screening questionnaire, individual semi-structured video interviews were completed between May and October 2020. Reflexive thematic analysis presented six over-arching themes: ‘different understanding of mental health’, ‘traditional cultural expectations’, ‘fear and loss’, ‘coping resources’, ‘barriers to access’ and ‘community outreach and collaboration’. Many factors were highlighted as barriers accessing support, such as stigma and trust in services. Key practice implications are highlighted for services and practitioners. Professionals must understand the factors which impact the wellbeing of Bangladeshi men, how to better meet the needs of the community, and remove barriers to help. Participants also suggested initiatives to raise mental health awareness and reduce stigma, as an inclusive approach is needed with greater listening to communities and partnerships with local authorities.

Key learning aims

(1)
To better understand the needs of the population and factors which impact wellbeing.

(2)
To consider the muti-faceted barriers to access mental health support, such as CBT, and how to address these.

(3)
To unpack what stigma means (internally and externally) for men in the population.

(4)
How to support low- and high-intensity CBT practitioners to better work therapeutically to support Bangladeshi men.
Postemergence-directed applications of pendimethalin for control of early-season weeds in chile pepper
Authors: Bajagain Akash , Lehnhoff Erik A. , Steiner Robert , Creamer Rebecca , Schutte Brian J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In New Mexico chile pepper production, pendimethalin is traditionally applied shortly after crop thinning, which is 9 to 10 wk after crop seeding. Pendimethalin applications before crop thinning may be a method for controlling early-season weeds in chile pepper; however, chile pepper tolerance to early-season applications of pendimethalin is poorly understood. We conducted a greenhouse study to evaluate young chile pepper responses to pendimethalin. We also conducted a field study to determine weed and chile pepper responses to early-season, postemergence-directed pendimethalin in combination with herbicides registered for preemergence applications. The greenhouse study included three treatments administered when chile pepper was at the four-leaf stage: (i) pendimethalin applied to foliage and soil, (ii) pendimethalin applied to soil only, and (iii) a nontreated control. The field study included four treatments: (i) preemergence applications of napropamide followed by postemergence-directed pendimethalin at 5 wk after crop seeding, (ii) preemergence applications of clomazone followed by postemergence-directed pendimethalin at 5 wk after crop seeding, (iii) postemergence-directed pendimethalin without preemergence herbicides, and (iv) nontreated, weed-free control. We conducted the field study at two sites that differed in soil texture. Pendimethalin application rates were maximum labeled rates for the specific soil. Results from the greenhouse study indicated that pendimethalin applied to foliage and soil stunted two of five cultivars, whereas pendimethalin applied to soil did not affect chile pepper height, fresh weight, dry weight, or root area. Results from the field study indicated that postemergence-directed pendimethalin did not affect chile pepper height or fruit yield, or cause visible symptoms of herbicide injury. Postemergence-directed pendimethalin reduced the densities of weeds, including junglerice. The results of this study indicate that postemergence-directed applications of pendimethalin at 5 wk after crop seeding do not cause crop injury or yield loss in chile pepper, while providing some weed control benefits.
Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control affected by weed size and herbicide spray solution with nozzle type pairings
Authors: Kouame Koffi Badou-Jeremie , Butts Thomas R. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Davis Jason , Piveta Leonard B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Palmer amaranth can grow 4.2 mm in height per degree day; hence, delays of a few days in weed control deployment can result in applications of herbicides to weeds that are larger than those for which the herbicide label recommends. Therefore, it is critically necessary to understand the effect of plant size at the time of herbicide application in conjunction with herbicide spray solution and nozzle type pairings on the effectiveness of weed management programs in the Enlist E3 and XtendFlex production systems. Field experiments were conducted in 2020, in no-crop conditions, at two locations in Arkansas, to evaluate the influence of Palmer amaranth size on its control with glufosinate, dicamba, and 2,4-D applied alone and in mixture with specific nozzle pairings as mandated by label requirements. Also, a laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the droplet size and velocity of the spray solutions and nozzles used in the field experiments. A 5- and 10-percentage point reduction in control was observed when dicamba (66%) and 2,4-D (63%) were applied alone, respectively, compared with those herbicides mixed with glufosinate (71% and 73%, respectively). Palmer amaranth density increased to 55, 73, 100, 115, and 140 plants m−2 when plants were sprayed at heights of 15, 25, 41, 61, and 76 cm, respectively, compared with plants that were sprayed when they were 5 cm tall (9 plants m−2). Nozzle type did not affect weed control or density. The percentage of driftable fines increased when a mixture of glufosinate and 2,4-D were used compared with 2,4-D alone. Effective short-term and long-term chemical control of Palmer amaranth will require growers to correctly time their weed management practices and overlay residuals, and expect the need for sequential applications.
Identifying Regime Transitions for Water Governance in the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Song Shuang , Wang Shuai , Wu Xutong , Wei Yongping , Cumming Graeme S. , Qin Yue , Wu Xilin , Fu Bojie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWater governance determines “who gets water, when, and how” in most large river basins. Shifts in water governance regimes from natural to social‐ecological or “hydrosocial” carry profound implications for human wellbeing; identifying regime changes in water governance is critical to navigating social‐ecological transitions and guiding sustainability. We characterized water governance along with the three main aspects—stress, purpose, and allocation—to develop a quantitative integrated water governance index (IWGI) at a basin scale. Applying the IWGI to the rapidly changing Yellow River Basin (YRB) in China clarifies shifts in water governance between massive supply, transformation governance, and adaptation‐oriented regimes. In the YRB, the underlying causes of regime shifts were increasing water supply and demand before the governance transformation and re‐allocation and regulation after the change. The IWGI offers a comprehensive and straightforward approach to linking water governance regimes to sustainability, providing valuable insights into hydrosocial transitions.
Neutral Tropical African CO2 Exchange Estimated From Aircraft and Satellite Observations
Authors: Gaubert Benjamin , Stephens Britton B. , Baker David F. , Basu Sourish , Bertolacci Michael , Bowman Kevin W. , Buchholz Rebecca , Chatterjee Abhishek , Chevallier Frédéric , Commane Róisín , Cressie Noel , Deng Feng , Jacobs Nicole , Johnson Matthew S. , Maksyutov Shamil S. , McKain Kathryn , Liu Junjie , Liu Zhiqiang , Morgan Eric , O’Dell Chris , Philip Sajeev , Ray Eric , Schimel David , Schuh Andrew , Taylor Thomas E. , Weir Brad , van Wees Dave , Wofsy Steven C. , Zammit‐Mangion Andrew , Zeng Ning 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTropical lands play an important role in the global carbon cycle yet their contribution remains uncertain owing to sparse observations. Satellite observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) have greatly increased spatial coverage over tropical regions, providing the potential for improved estimates of terrestrial fluxes. Despite this advancement, the spread among satellite‐based and in‐situ atmospheric CO2 flux inversions over northern tropical Africa (NTA), spanning 0–24°N, remains large. Satellite‐based estimates of an annual source of 0.8–1.45 PgC yr−1 challenge our understanding of tropical and global carbon cycling. Here, we compare posterior mole fractions from the suite of inversions participating in the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO‐2) Version 10 Model Intercomparison Project (v10 MIP) with independent in‐situ airborne observations made over the tropical Atlantic Ocean by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission during four seasons. We develop emergent constraints on tropical African CO2 fluxes using flux‐concentration relationships defined by the model suite. We find an annual flux of 0.14 ± 0.39 PgC yr−1 (mean and standard deviation) for NTA, 2016–2018. The satellite‐based flux bias suggests a potential positive concentration bias in OCO‐2 B10 and earlier version retrievals over land in NTA during the dry season. Nevertheless, the OCO‐2 observations provide improved flux estimates relative to the in situ observing network at other times of year, indicating stronger uptake in NTA during the wet season than the in‐situ inversion estimates.
Fast Earthward Convection in the Magnetotail and Nonzero IMF By: MMS Statistics
Authors: Pitkänen T. , Chong G. S. , Hamrin M. , Kullen A. , Vanhamäki H. , Park J.‐S. , Nowada M. , Schillings A. , Krämer E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe statistically investigate convective earthward fast flows using data measured by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission in the tail plasma sheet during 2017–2021. We focus on “frozen in” fast flows and investigate the importance of different electric field components in the Sun‐Earth (V⊥x) and dusk‐dawn (V⊥y) velocity components perpendicular to the magnetic field. We find that a majority of the fast flow events (52% of 429) have the north‐south electric field component (Ez) as the most relevant or dominating component whereas 26% are so‐called conventional type fast flows with Ey and Ex as the relevant components. The rest of the flow events, 22%, fall into the two ’mixed’ categories, of which almost all these fast flows, 20% of 429, have Ey and Ez important for V⊥x and V⊥y, respectively. There is no Y‐location preference for any type of the fast flows. The conventional fast flows are detected rather close to the neutral sheet whereas the other types can be measured farther away. Typical total speeds are highest in the mixed category. Typical perpendicular speeds are comparably high in the conventional and mixed categories. The slowest fast flows are measured in the Ez category. Most of the fast flow events are measured in the substorm recovery phase. Prevailing interplanetary magnetic field By conditions influence the V⊥y direction and the influence is most efficient for the Ez‐dominated fast flows.
Spectral Analysis of Mare Ingenii Basin (Lunar Farside)
Authors: Salari Giulia , Tognon Gloria , Zambon Francesca , Carli Cristian , Tosi Federico , Giacomini Lorenza , Combe Jean‐Philippe , Pozzobon Riccardo , Fonte Sergio , Massironi Matteo , Rinaldi Giovanna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMare Ingenii is a site of great interest for lunar geology as it is one of the few basaltic plains on the farside of the Moon. It is located within the outer edge of the South Pole‐Aitken basin, the largest and oldest impact basin in our Solar System. Mare Ingenii includes two large craters, Thomson and Thomson M, and a prominent swirl, a high‐albedo sinuous feature whose origin is still debated. We conducted spectral analysis on 28 selected regions of interest within Mare Ingenii, with the aim of inferring its mineralogy. We considered reflectance data acquired in the visible to near‐infrared spectral range by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) imaging spectrometer onboard the Chandrayaan‐1 mission, to derive a set of spectral parameters. Our results show wide compositional variability, with the dark material of the mare basaltic floor showing the centers of the Fe2+ absorption bands of the pyroxenes shifted toward long wavelengths (0.96–0.99 and 2.03–2.12 μm, respectively), consistent with the spectral characteristics of high‐Ca pyroxenes (as well as swirl material and intermediate albedo regions). In contrast, the bright material of the small surrounding craters shows Fe2+ absorption bands shifted toward short wavelengths (0.91–0.94 and 1.91–2.04 μm, respectively), more consistent with low‐Ca or Ca‐free pyroxenes. The obtained results suggest a mafic signature throughout the surface of Mare Ingenii, probably representative of the composition of the lower lunar crust.