bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deuring for the people: Supersingular elliptic curves with prescribed endomorphism ring in general characteristic
Authors: Eriksen Jonathan , Panny Lorenz , Sotáková Jana , Veroni Mattia 
Published: February 2024

Constructing a supersingular elliptic curve whose endomorphism ring is isomorphic to a given quaternion maximal order (one direction of the Deuring correspondence) is known to be polynomial-time assuming the generalized Riemann hypothesis \cite{KLPT,wesolowski:grhklpt}, but notoriously daunting in practice when not working over carefully selected base fields.

In this work, we speed up the computation of the Deuring correspondence in general characteristic, i.e., without assuming any special form of the characteristic. Our algorithm follows the same overall strategy as earlier works, but we add simple (yet effective) optimizations to multiple subroutines to significantly improve the practical performance of the method.

To demonstrate the impact of our improvements, we show that our implementation achieves highly practical running times even for examples of cryptographic size. One implication of these findings is that cryptographic security reductions based on KLPT-derived algorithms (such as \cite{endrings:redsol,wesolowski:endo}) have become tighter, and therefore more meaningful in practice.

Another is the pure bliss of fast(er) computer algebra: We provide a Sage implementation which works for general primes and includes many necessary tools for computational number theorists’ and cryptographers’ needs when working with endomorphism rings of supersingular elliptic curves. This includes the KLPT algorithm, translation of ideals to isogenies, and finding supersingular elliptic curves with known endomorphism ring for general primes.

Finally, the Deuring correspondence has recently received increased interest because of its role in the SQISign signature scheme \cite{de2020sqisign}. We provide a short and self-contained summary of the state-of-the-art algorithms without going into any of the cryptographic intricacies of SQISign.
The role of multidisciplinary team meeting histopathology review and its impact on revised reports: Analysis of a national quality improvement program
Authors: O’Connor Eoghan , Treacy Ann , Mitchell Aine , Swan Niall 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We conducted the first Irish national study assessing the value of multidisciplinary team meeting review in pathology practice and its impact on error detection before treatment.

Methods
Public and private pathology laboratories across Ireland capture their quality activities using standardized codes and submit their data to a centralized database (National Quality Assurance Intelligence System) overseen by the National Histopathology Quality Improvement (NHQI) program. A total of 1,437,746 histopathology and cytopathology cases submitted to the NHQI program over a 60-month period (January 2017 to December 2021) were included in this study. Cases were analyzed with respect to multidisciplinary team meeting peer review and the presence of a revised report (amended or corrected report), a surrogate marker for error detection before treatment.

Results
Across all cases assessed, 13.74% (197,587) underwent multidisciplinary team meeting discussion. Cases discussed at review had a statistically significantly higher rate of revised reports (1.25% [2470]) than cases not discussed at review (0.16% [1959]) (Pearson χ2, 6619.26; P &lt; .0001; odds ratio, 8.00 [95% CI, 7.54-8.49]). Overall, multidisciplinary team meeting review made it 8 times more likely to detect an error before treatment. Cancer resections had the highest rate of review at 55.29% (46,806), reflecting the prioritization of oncology case discussion at review meetings.

Conclusions
The multidisciplinary team meeting review process plays a valuable role in pathology error detection. A pathologist’s participation in the review process comes with a clinically significant workload that needs to be recognized for future workforce planning. This study highlighted the positive role pathologists play in enhancing patient safety.
Variation in RNA interference sensitivity in the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Kyre Bethany R , Dupuis Julian R , Zúñiga Gerardo , Rieske Lynne K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Intraspecific genetic variation underpins many evolutionary processes and phenomena. For species considered pests, the dynamics of how genetic variation is distributed geographically take on a greater importance, because they can impact pest-management strategies directly. This is particularly true when management strategies are genetic in nature, such as population manipulation via RNA interference (RNAi; a naturally occurring antiviral response that disrupts translation of messenger RNAs into proteins to silence genes). Using RNAi for gene silencing is highly species specific; however, the efficacy of this approach in geographically distinct populations of widespread pest species has not been evaluated comprehensively. Here, we present a preliminary study evaluating differential susceptibility of geographically disparate populations of southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, to RNAi. Although the efficacy of RNAi has been demonstrated in localized populations, D. frontalis has a broad distribution across North and Central America and is expanding its range owing to climate change. We observe differences in response between and within geographically distinct populations from its core range and recently expanded range. Our findings have broad implications for the use of RNAi as a management tool in widely distributed species and highlight the need for a deeper understanding of intraspecific genetic variation in this species and others.
The Mad King: violence and vulnerability in professional wrestling
Authors: Richards Matthew S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article explores the articulation of masculinity in professional wrestling, focusing on how violence can be used to forward alternative performances to hegemonic masculinity. Many modern professional wrestlers are more frequently and openly breaking with traditional masculinity in not just their in-ring/on-screen performances, but also in mediums that blur the lines of the fiction. I detail how one performer, Eddie Kingston, articulates masculinity alongside his own real-life struggles with and the importance of mental health, vulnerability, and violence. In doing so, I contend Kingston performs what I call a nascent masculinity, an emergent reconfiguration or articulation of masculinity that positions key characteristics of traditional hegemonic masculinity in such a way that at least potentially produces something non-hegemonic, and non-toxic. Crucially, such examples reflect the complex relationship between violence and meaning.
Loin pain haematuria syndrome 1967–2020: a review
Authors: Annear Nicholas M P , Vanmassenhove Jill , Lameire Norbert , Phillips Malcolm E , Eastwood John B 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this retrospective review is to question the validity of the condition ‘loin pain haematuria syndrome’ (LPHS). We highlight the possibility that most patients regarded as having LPHS have a psychiatric/psychological basis for their symptoms, particularly loin pain. Because of this, and because it recurs despite treatment, the review also questions the use of treatments that are invasive, expensive, and carry considerable morbidity.
Cryogenian Origins of Multicellularity in Archaeplastida
Authors: Bowles Alexander M C , Williamson Christopher J , Williams Tom A , Donoghue Philip C J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Earth was impacted by global glaciations during the Cryogenian (720 to 635 million years ago; Ma), events invoked to explain both the origins of multicellularity in Archaeplastida and radiation of the first land plants. However, the temporal relationship between these environmental and biological events is poorly established, due to a paucity of molecular and fossil data, precluding resolution of the phylogeny and timescale of archaeplastid evolution. We infer a time-calibrated phylogeny of early archaeplastid evolution based on a revised molecular dataset and reappraisal of the fossil record. Phylogenetic topology testing resolves deep archaeplastid relationships, identifying two clades of Viridiplantae and placing Bryopsidales as sister to the Chlorophyceae. Our molecular clock analysis infers an origin of Archaeplastida in the late-Paleoproterozoic to early-Mesoproterozoic (1712 to 1387 Ma). Ancestral state reconstruction of cytomorphological traits on this time-calibrated tree reveals many of the independent origins of multicellularity span the Cryogenian, consistent with the Cryogenian multicellularity hypothesis. Multicellular rhodophytes emerged 902 to 655 Ma while crown-Anydrophyta (Zygnematophyceae and Embryophyta) originated 796 to 671 Ma, broadly compatible with the Cryogenian plant terrestrialization hypothesis. Our analyses resolve the timetree of Archaeplastida with age estimates for ancestral multicellular archaeplastids coinciding with the Cryogenian, compatible with hypotheses that propose a role of Snowball Earth in plant evolution.
Social Disconnectedness, Perceived Loneliness, and Cognitive Functioning: The Role of Neighborhood Environment
Authors: Tang Fengyan , Li Ke , Wang Yi , Zhu Yuyang , Jiang Yanping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Social disconnectedness and loneliness pose significant challenges for older Chinese immigrants. Yet, it remains unclear whether they are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline in this population. This study aimed to investigate the association of social disconnectedness and loneliness with cognitive functioning and examine the moderation role of neighborhood contexts.

Research Design and Methods
This longitudinal analysis examined a sample of individuals aged 60 years and older from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (N = 2,044). Global cognition was assessed using the averaged z-scores of cognitive performance tests. Social disconnectedness was constructed using 5 indicators about structural aspects of social relationships. Loneliness was assessed with the R-UCLA loneliness scale. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) and neighborhood segregation index were constructed using 2010–2014 American Community Survey data at the census tract level. Individual perceptions about neighborhood environments were used to construct neighborhood cohesion index and neighborhood disorder index (NDI). Latent growth curve models with adjusted cluster robust standard errors were estimated.

Results
More loneliness was associated with a higher level of initial cognitive functioning (B = 0.030, p &lt; .01), but also with a faster decline rate over time (B = −0.007, p &lt; .01) after adjusting for covariates. High NSES and less neighborhood segregation buffered the negative effects of loneliness on cognitive decline, respectively. High NDI amplified the positive relationship between loneliness and initial functioning, but accelerated the rate of cognitive decline associated with loneliness.

Discussion and Implications
The study revealed that perceived loneliness, but not social disconnectedness, is a risk factor for cognitive decline among older Chinese immigrants. Living in a neighborhood with low socioeconomic status, more segregation, and high disorder elevated the detrimental effect of loneliness on long-term cognitive decline. Further research needs to investigate the complex interplay between social relationships, neighborhood environment, and cognition.
Predicting important fishing grounds for the small-scale fishery, based on Automatic Identification System records, catches, and environmental data
Authors: Galparsoro Ibon , Pouso Sarai , García-Barón Isabel , Mugerza Estanis , Mateo María , Paradinas Iosu , Louzao Maite , Borja Ángel , Mandiola Gotzon , Murillas Arantza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Effective and sustainable management of small-scale fisheries (SSF) is challenging. We describe a novel approach to identify important fishing grounds for SSF, by implementing a habitat modelling approach, using environmental predictors and Automatic Identification System (AIS)-B data coupled with logbook and First Sales Notes data, within the SE Bay of Biscay. Fishing activity patterns and catches of longliners and netters are used to determine the main environmental characteristics of the fishing grounds, and a habitat modelling approach is implemented to predict the zones that fulfil similar environmental characteristics across a larger geographical extent. Generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) were built for 24 fish species, and to identify other zones that fulfil similar characteristics and, thus, could be considered relevant for the species targeted by each gear type. Most of the models showed a good prediction capacity. The models included between one and four predictor variables. ‘Depth of mixing layer’ and ‘benthic rocky habitat’ were the variables included more frequently for fish species captured by netter’s fleet. For longliners, the ‘seafloor slope’ and ‘benthic rocky habitat’ were the two most important variables. The predictive maps provide relevant information to assist in management and marine spatial planning.
Sparse additive support vector machines in bounded variation space
Authors: Wang Yue , Lian Heng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We propose the total variation penalized sparse additive support vector machine (TVSAM) for performing classification in the high-dimensional settings, using a mixed $l_{1}$-type functional regularization scheme to induce sparsity and smoothness simultaneously. We establish a representer theorem for TVSAM, which turns the infinite-dimensional problem into a finite-dimensional one, thereby providing computational feasibility. Even for the least squares loss, our result fills a gap in the literature when compared with the existing representer theorem. Theoretically, we derive some risk bounds for TVSAM under both exact sparsity and near sparsity, and with arbitrarily specified internal knots. In this process, we develop an important interpolation inequality for the space of functions of bounded variation, relying on analytic techniques such as mollification and partition of unity. An efficient implementation based on the alternating direction method of multipliers is employed.
Changes in the Seroprevalence of Tick-Borne Rickettsia and Ehrlichia Among Soldiers—Fort Liberty, North Carolina, 1991–2019
Authors: Rockwell Emmanuel M , Abernathy Haley A , Evans Lanya M , Bhowmik Ryan , Giandomenico Dana A , Salzer Johanna S , Maldonado Carlos J , Choi Y Sammy , Boyce Ross M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We obtained samples from the Department of Defense Serum Repository from soldiers who were stationed at Fort Liberty, North Carolina, between 1991 and 2019 to assess temporal trends in tick-borne rickettsiosis and ehrlichiosis. Serological evidence of infection was common, with nearly 1 in 5 (18.9%) demonstrating antibodies. We observed significant decreases in Rickettsia seroprevalence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.42 [95% CI, .27–.65], P = .0001) while over the same period Ehrlichia seroprevalence, albeit less common, nearly doubled (aOR, 3.61 [95% CI, 1.10–13.99], P = .048). The increase in Ehrlichia seroprevalence likely reflects increased transmission resulting from the expanding geographic range of the lone star tick.
Correlates of Rotavirus Vaccine Shedding and Seroconversion in a US Cohort of Healthy Infants
Authors: Burke Rachel M , Payne Daniel C , McNeal Monica , Conrey Shannon C , Burrell Allison R , Mattison Claire P , Casey-Moore Mary C , Mijatovic-Rustempasic Slavica , Gautam Rashi , Esona Mathew D , Thorman Alexander W , Bowen Michael D , Parashar Umesh D , Tate Jacqueline E , Morrow Ardythe L , Staat Mary A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe pediatric gastroenteritis; 2 highly effective vaccines are used in the United States (US). We aimed to identify correlates of immune response to rotavirus vaccination in a US cohort.

Methods
Pediatric Respiratory and Enteric Virus Acquisition and Immunogenesis Longitudinal (PREVAIL) is a birth cohort of 245 mother-child pairs enrolled in 2017–2018 and followed for 2 years. Infant stool samples and symptom information were collected weekly. Shedding was defined as reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction detection of rotavirus vaccine virus in stools collected 4–28 days after dose 1. Seroconversion was defined as a 3-fold rise in immunoglobulin A between the 6-week and 6-month blood draws. Correlates were analyzed using generalized estimating equations and logistic regression.

Results
Prevaccination immunoglobulin G (IgG) (odds ratio [OR], 0.84 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .75–.94] per 100-unit increase) was negatively associated with shedding. Shedding was also less likely among infants with a single-nucleotide polymorphism inactivating FUT2 antigen secretion (“nonsecretors”) with nonsecretor mothers, versus all other combinations (OR, 0.37 [95% CI, .16–.83]). Of 141 infants with data, 105 (74%) seroconverted; 78 (77%) had shed vaccine virus following dose 1. Prevaccination IgG and secretor status were significantly associated with seroconversion. Neither shedding nor seroconversion significantly differed by vaccine product.

Conclusions
In this US cohort, prevaccination IgG and maternal and infant secretor status were associated with rotavirus vaccine response.
Quantifying Replication Slippage Error in Cryptosporidium Metabarcoding Studies
Authors: Knox Matthew A , Biggs Patrick J , Garcia-R Juan Carlos , Hayman David T S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Genetic variation in Cryptosporidium, a common protozoan gut parasite in humans, is often based on marker genes containing trinucleotide repeats, which differentiate subtypes and track outbreaks. However, repeat regions have high replication slippage rates, making it difficult to discern biological diversity from error. Here, we synthesized Cryptosporidium DNA in clonal plasmid vectors, amplified them in different mock community ratios, and sequenced them using next-generation sequencing to determine the rate of replication slippage with dada2. Our results indicate that slippage rates increase with the length of the repeat region and can contribute to error rates of up to 20%.
Time-varying discrete cosine transform based on shaping regularization and its application in seismic data analysis
Authors: Zhu Zhaolin , Wu Guoning , Gu Yaxin , Huang Jinliang , Chen Zhihao , Lu Haotian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The discrete cosine transform is a commonly used technique in the field of signal processing that employs cosine basis functions for signal analysis. Traditionally, the regression coefficients of the cosine basis functions are solely based on frequency information. This paper extends the regression coefficients associated with the cosine basis functions to take into account both frequency and time information, not just frequency information alone. This modification results in an ill-posed linear system, which requires regularization to prevent overfitting. To address this, this paper uses shaping regularization, a technique used to stabilize ill-posed problems. By doing so, the absolute values of these extended coefficients, now exhibiting variations in both frequency and time domains, are defined as the time–frequency distribution of that input signal. The numerical experiments conducted to validate this approach demonstrate that the proposed method yields a commendable time–frequency resolution. Consequently, it proves valuable for interpreting seismic data, showcasing its potential for applications in this field.
Plasma Microbial Cell-Free DNA Sequencing for Pathogen Detection and Quantification in Children With Musculoskeletal Infections
Authors: Wood James B , Russell Kelsey , Davis Tom E , Park Sarah Y , Smollin Matthew J , Schneider Jack G 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Nearly half of all pediatric musculoskeletal infections (MSKIs) are culture negative. Plasma microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) sequencing is noninvasive and not prone to the barriers of culture. We evaluated the performance of plasma mcfDNA sequencing in identifying a pathogen, and examined the duration of pathogen detection in children with MSKIs.

Methods
We conducted a prospective study of children, aged 6 months to 18 years, hospitalized from July 2019 to May 2022 with MSKIs, in whom we obtained serial plasma mcfDNA sequencing samples and compared the results with cultures.

Results
A pathogen was recovered by culture in 23 of 34 (68%) participants, and by initial mcfDNA sequencing in 25 of 31 (81%) participants. Multiple pathogens were detected in the majority (56%) of positive initial samples. Complete concordance with culture (all organisms accounted for by both methods) was 32%, partial concordance (at least one of the same organism(s) identified by both methods) was 36%, and discordance was 32%. mcfDNA sequencing was more likely to show concordance (complete or partial) if obtained prior to a surgical procedure (82%), compared with after (20%), (RR 4.12 [95% CI 1.25, 22.93], p = .02). There was no difference in concordance based on timing of antibiotics (presample antibiotics 60% vs no antibiotics 75%, RR 0.8 [95% CI 0.40, 1.46], p = .65]). mcfDNA sequencing was positive in 67% of culture-negative infections and detected a pathogen for a longer interval than blood culture (median 2 days [IQR 1, 6 days] vs 1 day [1, 1 day], p &lt; .01).

Conclusions
Plasma mcfDNA sequencing may be useful in culture-negative pediatric MSKIs if the sample is obtained prior to surgery. However, results must be interpreted in the appropriate clinical context as multiple pathogens are frequently detected supporting the need for diagnostic stewardship.
Impact of BCG Vaccination Disruptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Incidence in Infants: A Nationwide Study in Brazil
Authors: Procianoy Guilherme S , Cotrim Mozart W , Cia Lucas O , Behar Paulo R P 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Pandemic-related disruptions led to lower Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine coverage in Brazil. This study highlights a link between reduced vaccinations and increased tuberculosis pulmonary and extrapulmonary cases in infants. Addressing vaccine hesitancy and ensuring healthcare stability is vital for mitigating impacts.
A 17-year-old student with ankle sprain to leg amputation
Authors: Yang Xi , Ding Yinhuan , Liu Yong , Shi Yixue , Sun Xiaolei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cutaneous mucormycosis with ischemic complications is a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The incidence of mucormycosis has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic due to reduced immunity. We present the case of a 17-year-old high school student who experienced a sprained left lower extremity, followed by worsening pain and swelling due to the topical application of unknown local herbs. Eighteen days after the injury, she was admitted to our department in a comatose state with left lower limb ischemia. The patient had a history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and displayed a necrotic lesion on her left ankle, suggestive of invasive infectious fungi disease. Diagnostic procedures, including tissue staining and molecular analysis, identified Rhizopus oryzae as the causative organism. Administering amphotericin B yielded marked improvement, but the patient necessitated a mid-thigh amputation to curtail the infection’s advance, culminating in her successful discharge post-treatment.