bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of cell wall mannoproteins for septum formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Schmidt Martin , Strenk Meghan E. , Boyer Michael P. , Fritsch Bryan J. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe mannosyltransferase mutants mnn9 and mnn10 were isolated in a genetic screen for septation defects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ultrastructural examination of mutant cell walls revealed markedly thin septal structures and occasional failure to construct trilaminar septa, which then led to the formation of bulky default septa at the bud neck. In the absence of a functional septation apparatus, mnn10 mutants are unable to complete cytokinesis and die as cell chains with incompletely separated cytoplasms, indicating that mannosylation defects impair the ability to form remedial septa. We could not detect N‐linked glycosylation of the β(1,3)glucan synthase Fks1p and mnn10 defects do not change the molecular weight or abundance of the protein. We discuss a model explaining the pleiotropic effects of impaired N‐linked protein glycosylation on septation in S. cerevisiae. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Rare Case of Grass Flow Induced by the M8.4 Arequipa Earthquake, June 2001, in the Altiplano of Northern Chile
Authors: Naranjo José A. , Clavero Jorge E. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractOn June 23, 2001, an M8.4 earthquake that originated in southern Peru triggered the partial collapse of the Chislluma bofedal (water meadows) in the Altiplano (high-altitude plateau) of northern Chile. The seismic waves evidently produced the liquefaction of the bofedal and caused its partial collapse generating a flow. The flow deposit was mainly made of long-fiber grass and water, with minor amounts of clastic material. It traveled more than 14 km downstream at a peak velocity of 50 km/h. It destroyed the water meadows and killed more than 20 llamas. Slurry flows caused by meadow liquefaction are a previously unrecognized seismic-induced geological hazard for high-altitude plateau areas such as the Altiplano.
Counting the Seven Weeks War: Dyads, Disputes and Balances of Power
Authors: Moul William 
Published: July 2005

Abstract.The usual quantitative study of inter-state war and peace tallies observations on hundreds, sometimes thousands, of dyads or pairs of states. These observations miss elementary features of inter-state relations that should be examined when testing Realist explanations of war and peace. The way in which three prominent studies (Bremer, 1992; Bueno de Mesquita, 1981; 1985) chose to count the Seven Weeks War dramatically reveals the theoretical difficulties when tallying dyads. Re-analyses of these studies demonstrate the sensitivity of the results to particulars of 1866 Germany and, more importantly, illustrate the merits of analyzing the dispute rather than the state dyad or the state-dyad year.Résumé.L'étude quantitative des périodes de guerre et de paix entre États comptabilise des observations relatives à des centaines, parfois des milliers de dyades ou paires d'États. Ces observations ne prennent pas en compte certaines caractéristiques élémentaires des relations entre États qui devraient pourtant être examinées lorsque l'on teste les théories réalistes expliquant guerre et paix. La manière dont trois études reconnues (Bremer, 1992; Bueno de Mesquita, 1981; 1985) ont choisi de comptabiliser la guerre des Sept Semaines révèle de manière éclatante les difficultés théoriques dans la comptabilisation des dyades d'états. De nouvelles analyses de ces études ont démontré la sensibilité des résultats aux caractéristiques de l'Allemagne de 1866, mais soulignent surtout les mérites de l'analyse des disputes par rapport à l'analyse des dyades d'États ou des dyades d'États annuelles.
From Kyoto to the WTO: Evaluating the Constitutional Legitimacy of the Provinces in Canadian Foreign Trade and Environmental Policy
Authors: Kukucha Christopher J. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract.The Kyoto Protocol was a controversial issue within Canadian federalism, especially in Alberta, where the province considered a formal constitutional challenge regarding the implementation of the agreement. This option was not pursued, however, due to existing judicial precedent that limits the jurisdictional authority of the provinces in international affairs. Regardless, these rulings still suggest a level of constitutional ambiguity, which creates motivation for federal-provincial cooperation on foreign trade and environmental policy. As a result, highly valued formalized consultative mechanisms have developed in these issue areas during the past two decades. Ottawa's decision to ratify Kyoto, however, represented a significant departure from previous practices of cooperative federalism. In pursuing the protocol as part of his legacy agenda, Chrétien was aware of the provinces' tenuous constitutional status. It is important to note, however, that the resulting tension between both levels of government was atypical and does not threaten the viability of cooperative federalism in the near future.Résumé.Le protocole de Kyoto a suscité de nombreuses controverses au sein du fédéralisme canadien, en particulier en Alberta où le gouvernement songea même à contester formellement la constitutionnalité de sa mise en oeuvre. En définitive, il a abandonné cette option en raison de précédents jurisprudentiels qui limitent la juridiction des provinces en affaires internationales. Ces décisions suggèrent néanmoins qu'il existe un certain niveau d'ambiguïté constitutionnelle propre à motiver une attitude de coopération fédérale-provinciale en matière d'environnement et de commerce extérieur. De ce fait, des mécanismes consultatifs très structurés ont été mis au point dans ces domaines au cours des deux dernières décennies. Or, la décision d'Ottawa de ratifier Kyoto contrastait nettement avec les pratiques antérieures de fédéralisme coopératif. En cherchant à faire du Protocole de Kyoto un élément de son héritage, Chrétien était conscient de la fragilité des arguments constitutionnels des provinces. Cependant, il est important de noter que la tension ainsi créée entre les deux niveaux de gouvernement était atypique et qu'elle ne menace pas la validité du fédéralisme coopératif dans l'avenir.
Bureaucrats and Revolutionary State-Building in Ireland and Russia. Was Weber Right?
Authors: Velychenko Stephen 
Published: July 2005

Abstract.Weber argued that bureaucrats serve whoever holds power even in the case of revolution or enemy occupation because they are more concerned with their jobs, salaries and pensions than with political ideas. His hypothesis has yet to be satisfactorily tested, however, and any such project would have to include all states that emerged from revolutions. As a contribution towards such an examination this paper reviews state building in nationalist Ireland and Bolshevik Russia to determine whether the behaviour of old-regime administrators in those countries proves or disproves Weber's claim.Résumé.Weber avançait que les bureaucrates servent quiconque est au pouvoir, même en cas de révolution ou d'occupation ennemie, parce qu'ils se soucient davantage de leurs emplois, de leurs salaires et de leurs pensions que d'idées politiques. Son hypothèse n'a cependant jamais été testée de manière satisfaisante et tout projet de ce genre devrait nécessairement inclure tous les États qui sont issus de révolutions. En guise de contribution à un tel examen, cet article examine la création de l'État dans l'Irlande nationaliste et la Russie bolchévique pour déterminer si le comportement des fonctionnaires de l'ancien régime de ces pays confirme ou réfute l'allégation de Weber.
Breaking the Bargain: Public Servants, Ministers and
Parliament
Authors: Carroll Barbara Wake 
Published: July 2005

Breaking the Bargain: Public Servants, Ministers and Parliament,
Donald J. Savoie, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003, pp. xiv,
337Most of us have been taught, and have taught, about the traditional
relationship between public servants, ministers and parliaments under the
Westminster tradition of government. Ideas like the accountability of the
neutral, non-partisan, anonymous senior public servant to his minister,
and concepts like ministerial responsibility and collective cabinet
responsibility to Parliament, and the oversight and legislative role of
Parliament, are part of what Donald Savoie calls the traditional bargain
that underpins the political and administrative process in Canada. The
central thesis of this book is that this traditional bargain has been
broken and a new bargain needs to be struck if our system of responsible
government is going to continue to function effectively.
Démocraties métropolitaines
Authors: Marsollier Elisabeth 
Published: July 2005

Démocraties métropolitaines, Bernard Jouve et Philip
Booth (sous la direction de), Sainte-Foy, Québec : Presses de
l'Université du Québec, 2004, 335 p.Cet ouvrage collectif traite de gouvernance des métropoles, de
politiques urbaines et de démocratie métropolitaine en
France, en Grande-Bretagne et au Canada. Sa parution survient au moment
où la province de Québec entend développer des
partenariats publics privés, s'inspirant largement des
exemples britanniques, afin de résoudre les problèmes de
rénovation des infrastructures majeures des grandes
métropoles du Québec. Il s'adresse aux
géographes, aux urbanistes, aux économistes, aux
politologues et aux sociologues curieux des multiples facettes du fait
urbain, de la croissance et du développement des métropoles
et de leurs habitants, ainsi que de l'évolution de la
compréhension du concept de gestion démocratique du
développement en Europe et en Amérique du Nord.
L'Allemagne en guerre.
Authors: Laberge Yves 
Published: July 2005

L'Allemagne en guerre., Forty, George et Johanne King.,
St-Sulpice (Suisse) : Éditions Labodega, 2003, 256 p.Aujourd'hui à la retraite, le lieutenant-colonel George
Forty a publié une quarantaine de livres sur l'histoire
militaire du 20e siècle, principalement en Angleterre,
parallèlement à une seconde carrière de conservateur,
en tant que directeur du musée militaire de Bovington (au
Royaume-Uni). Le présent ouvrage, le seul disponible en
français, est la traduction de Germany at War,
initialement paru chez Carlton Books en 2003. Cet ouvrage abondamment
illustré livre de nouvelles archives sur la Deuxième guerre
mondiale et constitue une introduction générale utile pour
s'initier à cette période, en décrivant la vie
quotidienne durant les années 1930 et jusqu'à
l'arrivée des Alliés. La documentation réunie
provient de sources variées et fournit surtout le point de vue nazi
vu de l'intérieur, c'est-à-dire à partir de
témoignages et d'illustrations ayant appartenu principalement
à des particuliers allemands.
Reigns of Terror
Authors: Wheeler Ron 
Published: July 2005

Reigns of Terror, Patricia Marchak, Montreal: McGill-Queen's
University Press, 2003, pp. xi, 306In Reigns of Terror, Patricia Marchak investigates “the
causes and conditions that underlie crimes against humanity conducted
under the aegis of states” (x). According to Marchak, most works on
genocide (attacks on citizens because of their ethnicity or religion) and
politicide (the eradication of people for mainly political reasons) are
far too simplistic. She maintains that factors such as racism, ethnic
conflict, authoritarian regimes or ideologies of intolerance and hatred
are usually important, but each is nonetheless insufficient in explaining
situations in the twentieth century in which governments attacked their
own citizens.
The Decline of Politics: Governance, Globalization and the Public
Sphere
Authors: Migone Andrea 
Published: July 2005

The Decline of Politics: Governance, Globalization and the Public
Sphere, Peter Marden, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003, pp. xvi, 286Here is a book that takes readers above and beyond the usual
one-dimensional approach to globalization, all too often couched in
economics, with which we have become familiar of late. Marden's
Decline of Politics will reward those readers who are looking for
a multifaceted analysis of global trends, and will intrigue and challenge
those who believe that they already understand them.
Characterization of growth traits of Greenland and Silver coypus under captivity conditions
Authors: FAVERIN C. , MEZZADRA C. A. , FERNÁNDEZ H. M. , MELUCCI L. M. 
Published: July 2005

Brody, Gompertz, Logistic, Richards and von Bertalanffy functions were compared as descriptors of growth in 319 coypus (Myocastor coypus) of Greenland and Silver varieties, from birth to 10–19 months of age. Several criteria were considered for the selection of the model: (a) bias in the asymptotic weight; (b) bias in birth weight; (c) error sum of squares; (d) error mean squares weighted by the number of animals converging in all functions; (e) determination coefficient. To adjust the curves NLIN procedure from SAS and iterative method of Marquardt were applied. A mixed model was used to analyse the parameters of the selected growth curve (asymptotic weight, A; constant of integration, B; and maturation rate, k) which included effects of farm, variety, sex, sire within farm and variety, reproductive status within sex, birth season and first order interactions. The effect of sire was considered as random. The von Bertalanffy function was selected and mean values for the parameters of this function were 8016 g and 0·008 g/g per day, for A and k respectively. There were differences in the estimated parameters between sexes; males had larger values of A and k than females.Weights at fixed ages (birth, weaning, 6–7 months) were analysed, as well as the final recorded weight and average postweaning gain. The model of analysis was similar to the previous one. There were no differences between varieties. Significant differences between sexes for almost all studied traits were detected. With age, weight difference between males and females increased. At 6 months of age, males were 37% heavier than females. Male average daily gain was higher than that of females, sexual dimorphism being evident in all analysed traits.
Avian assimilation and dispersal of carbon and nitrogen brought ashore by breeding Westland petrels (Procellaria westlandica): a stable isotope study
Authors: Hawke D. J. , Holdaway R. N. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractOnly a small proportion of the marine nutrients brought ashore by breeding colonial seabirds is retained in colony soils. However, means by which these marine nutrients can be dispersed to the wider terrestrial ecosystem have rarely been identified. In this study, moulted feathers from Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae (an endemic pigeon; n=9) and Gallirallus australis (an endemic flightless rail; n=3) and from a Procellaria westlandica (Westland petrel) colony were analysed for 13C and 15N enrichment. Potential diet items from both the colony and a control location were also analysed, and their contributions to the diets of H. novaeseelandiae and G. australis calculated. Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae assimilated marine N but not marine C, and showed a wide range in the significance of different diet sources. Food for most H. novaeseelandiae came from within the colony, implying minimal transport of marine nutrients to the wider terrestrial environment. All G. australis food came from within the colony, but 29–39% was from petrel tissue, or invertebrates feeding on petrel material. Thus, both H. novaeseelandiae and G. australis assimilated nutrients brought ashore by P. westlandica, but neither was shown to disperse the nutrients much beyond the petrel colony. However, birds that are now locally extinct may have dispersed marine nutrients more widely. Future research should focus on the consequences of restoring these species to petrel colonies as part of attempts to re‐establish the functioning of pre‐human ecosystems in New Zealand.
The Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1859–1900: an exploration of breaks between calendar years of publication
Authors: Dickinson Edward C. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDuncan (1937) provided detailed information that has been widely used to date names of new taxa described in early volumes of the Proceedings. The examinations reported here suggest that at least at the point where the year of publication is important Duncan was usually correct, and although exceptions are reported they are not of great consequence (although 14 of 42 volumes are anomalous). These exceptions relate to cases where the published pages differed from a multiple of the signature size by a couple of pages or so. Over the 41 volumes examined, two or more techniques were used to provide, economically, text needed to complete an article that would have over‐run the number of signatures planned for the issue. The importance of retaining wrappers and binding them in is demonstrated by what can be learned from them.
The short‐term effect of sheep grazing on selected invertebrates (Diptera and Hemiptera) relative to other environmental factors in an alpine ecosystem
Authors: Mysterud Atle , Ove Hansen Lars , Peters Chris , Austrheim Gunnar 
Published: July 2005

AbstractGrazing by large herbivores is well‐known to influence plant communities, while much fewer studies have been carried out on grazing effects on invertebrates. In Norway, some 2.2 million sheep graze on outlying pastures during summer, most of them in the alpine zone, but no study has reported the relative impact of sheep grazing on invertebrate communities relative to other environmental factors such as the plant community and altitude. A fully replicated landscape‐scale experiment (2.7 km2) was performed with no, low (25 per km2) and high (80 per km2) sheep densities in an alpine habitat of Norway (1050–1300 m a.s.l.).The increased vulnerability hypothesis(H1) predicts that the more folivorous invertebrates, the higher the grazing pressure by sheep, as large herbivore grazing may stress the plants so they are more vulnerable to insect herbivory.The increased defence hypothesis(H2) predicts increased levels of general anti‐herbivore defences, and thus a lower abundance of invertebrates with increasing sheep densities. Contrary to both predictions, no evidence was found that sheep grazing affected invertebrate richness, or abundance of folivorous, predatory or detritivore invertebrates – in a community dominated by Diptera and Hemiptera. Demonstrating an effect will always be a function of sample size, but at least our study shows that other environmental variables (such as plant species richness and functional plant richness) are more important determinants than sheep grazing for the selected invertebrate groups. Our study was short‐term (first year of grazing) mainly designed to test specific hypotheses related to induced plant defences; long‐term effects are probably owing to the impact sheep may have on vegetation composition, primary production, litter cover and soil properties.
A pilot study of the impact of a grief camp for children
Authors: NABORS LAURA , OHMS MARSHAE , BUCHANAN NATASHA , KIRSH KENNETH L. , NASH TIFFANY , PASSIK STEVEN D. , JOHNSON JONI L. , SNAPP JANET , BROWN GRETCHEN 
Published: July 2005

Objective:Research indicates that children benefit from supportive interventions to help them cope with the loss of a loved one. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate children's perceptions of the effectiveness of a grief camp.Methods:Semistructured interviews were performed with 18 children who attended a weekend-long grief camp. Children also responded to follow-up interviews via telephone. Their parents also completed surveys before camp began and either after camp ended or at a follow-up evaluation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content coding to uncover key themes in the interviews.Results:Children reported that art activities helped them to express feelings about their grief and release feelings of sadness and worry related to the death. Parents and children felt that the camp was a positive experience and that the children benefited from being in groups with peers who had also lost family members.Significance of results: Evaluating the impact of grief camps, using practical methods such as the ones for this study, is important, as these camps are becoming more popular interventions. Children and parents may benefit from contact at specified follow-up periods after camp to determine if they would benefit from further therapy. Results also provide evidence of the success of this program, which supports the need for funding these types of interventions.
PACdb: PolyA Cleavage Site and 3′-UTR Database
Authors: Brockman J. Michael , Singh Priyam , Liu Donglin , Quinlan Sean , Salisbury Jesse , Graber Joel H. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Summary: The PolyA Cleavage Site and 3′-UTR Database (PACdb) is a web-accessible database that catalogs putative 3′-processing sites and 3′-UTR sequences for multiple organisms. Sites have been identified primarily via expressed sequence tag-genome alignments, enabling delineation of both the specificities and heterogeneity of 3′-processing events.
Availability: By web browser or CGI: PACdb: http://harlequin.jax.org/pacdb/; AtPACdb: http://harlequin.jax.org/atpacdb/
Contact: joel.graber@jax.org
Supplementary information: Available online at http://harlequin.jax.org/pacdb/supplemental.php
Comparison of two alignment techniques within a single complex data set: POY versus Clustal
Authors: Terry Matthew D. , Whiting Michael F. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractSensitivity analyses can be performed with respect to different methodologies, differential analytical parameters or models within a single methodology, or alignment parameters. The latter investigations are particularly relevant when divergence and/or the size of molecular data sets make alignment of sequences difficult. Sensitivity analyses are often performed for analyses incorporating Direct Optimization (via POY), either to select optimal alignment parameters or to investigate the stability of topology across parameter sets. Such investigations are rarely, if ever, performed for Clustal alignments as some manual adjustments are nearly always incorporated in the final alignment. Exploration of the performance of both POY and Clustal for a large insect data set incorporating three genes (18S, 28S, H3) and morphology reveals that the performance of POY, as measured by and ILD metric, is predictable across the landscape topology with minimal incongruence when all parameters are treated equally. In contrast, Clustal alignment followed by parsimony analysis yields a landscape with less overall variance, but less predictable behaviour across the parameter topology.© The Willi Hennig Society 2005.