bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The significance of preoperative white blood cells count and ultrasonography for diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: H. H.AL-amiri Majeed 
Published: January 2024

Background:Appendicectomy is still the most common surgical procedure; but diagnostic failure may still occur & leads to delay in treatment or negative appendicectomy.Objectives of this study:to evaluate value of preoperative white blood cells count &ultrasonography in diagnosis of acute appendicitis Patients and methods:This study had been carried on 588 cases of acute appendicitis. Appendicectomy done for all cases. Over period of 4 years from January 2006-january 2010. the range of age was between 7-76 years.
With mean age of (41.5 years).and median age 25 years old. 366 males (62.244%) and 222 females (37.755). ultrasonography done for all patients by our radiologists. white blood cells count performed in our lab.
Results:Negative appendicectomy rate was 102 patients (17.346%) this rate was 42 patients (11.475%) for male and 60 patients (27.027%) for female patients. positive appendicitis in 486 Increase white blood cells count for acute appendicitis (histological positive result) in 388 patients (79.835%) from the 486 patients. And increase white blood cells count for non-acute appendicitis (i.e. negative histological result) in 52 patients (50.980) from the 102 patients.Conclusion:In spite of the improvement tests for acute appendicitis we could not sufficiently reduce the negative appendicectomy rate. If there is doubt about the diagnosis although leukocyte levels and altrasonographic result are normal, especially for female patients performing further radiologic examination such as CT can be favorable.
Preparation of Three Fasciola gigantica antigens and determination of their efficacy as a vaccine for protection against fascioliasis in Rabbits
Authors: Saleem Touma Hadeel , Sadoon Shani Wafaa 
Published: January 2024

This study was included the preparation of vaccine against fascioliasis from three Fasciola gigantica antigens, somatic antigen, excretory-secretory antigen and partially purified cathepsin antigen. Their vaccine efficacy was tested in rabbits, by using 12 Lepus lepus arabica rabbit, aged 2 months, similar weight. The rabbits were subdivided to three groups each of four rabbits and was vaccinated with one antigen emulsified in freund adjuvant. In compare to control groups Which involved 4 rabbits vaccinated with PBS and other four left without vaccination, challenge infection was done by vaccination the animals with 90 metacercaria obtained from experimentally infected intermediate host. All animals were killed 12 weeks after challenge. Protein concentration of all prepared antigens and the molecular weight of P.P.CatA was also measured, which reached (1.5, 1.2 and 0.04) mg/ml in SA, ESA and P.P.CatA respectively, while P.P.CatA 26.7 KD. Protection estimated by followed number of aspects, the first aspect of this study, was the determination the hepatic damage which was evaluated using gross morphometric observations depending upon the severity and intensity of lesions. Significant differences (p<0.05) was noted between vaccinated and control groups. The second aspect was concerned with estimation of fluke number and reduction rate, the high rate (81.3%) recorded in animals vaccinated with P.P.CatA while (39.53%) of those vaccinated with SA. Significant differences (p<0.05) was documented in the length of fluke in animals vaccinated with P.P.CatA. No significant differences were noted in fluke burden (width, length, weight) and fecal egg counts, Significant differences (p<0.01) were noted in egg viability and reduction rate in the vaccinated animals in comparison with control group. ELISA was used for monitoring of IgG levels in all vaccinated and control animals, before and after infection. The IgG increased in the sera of animals vaccinated with SA, ESA and P.P.CatA within 1 week after the first injection. A boosting of the antibody responses was observed in all groups following both the second and third immunization. An increasing in the antibody titers in all vaccinated animals was observed within 2 weeks following challenge. IgG in all vaccinated groups remained high throughout the infection but decreased at approximately 6 weeks after infection, and then remained constant throughout the subsequent weeks. Antibodies to antigens in the sera of the control group increased within the first 2 to 4 weeks after infection but decreased at approximately 8 weeks and then remained constant throughout the subsequent weeks. Accordingly, the results of these aspects could be consider a P.P.CatA as a first best vaccine then secondly ESA.
Study of some microbial and Immunological parameter in patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Al- Diwanyia city
Authors: M. R. Al-khafaf Dina 
Published: January 2024

From 392 isolate of UTI inpatients were collected from maternity and pediatrics teaching hospital in Al-Diwanyia city, from September 2008 to June 2010. About 37 samples gave a positive cultures. Results also showed a high increment rate of UTI in the females that males 268 (68.2%) females & 124( 31.8%) males . E. coli was the major pathogen of UTI 276 (70.4%) of total cases, the second important pathogen was Proteus spp. (15.8%) while the other causes of UTI were Candida albicans (6.12%), Staph. aureus ( 4.33%), Pseudomonas aerugenosa ( 1.53%), Streptococcus spp. (0.72%), Klebsiella spp. ( 0.5%) & Enterococcus spp. 0.5% . Immunological findings included the determiation of serum levels of IgG, IgM and IgA , Tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta were also documented . Results showed that IgG concentrations significantly increased 7.765 in patients in comparison to health control groupwhich was 1.25 , While IgM concentrations was decreased in patients (3.76) in comparison to healthy control (13.89). IgA concentrations was increased too in patients (15.73) while in control group was 2.86 . Tumor necrosis factor alpha levels was clearly increased (237.5) pg/ml in patients in comparison to control (10.5) pg/ml. Tumor necrosis factor beta concentration was also increased in patients (213.11) pg/ml and in control was (14.8) pg/ml. Thatâ€™s explain the importance of studies on UTI and the importance of using an immunological parameters to monitor the disease development and effectivity of the antimicrobial chemotherapy against such diseases.
The Effect of Inhalation Treatment on Oxidative Stress in Asthmatic Patients
Authors: A. Jabir Ferdous , N . Fijer Ali 
Published: January 2024

The present study was conducted to verify the oxidative stress status in asthma patients . To achieve this aim, ninty asthmatic patients, and thirty healthy subjects (control group) were subjected to the study the sample were obatained from Babylon Asthma and Allergy Center in Hilla City .. showed The results of this study in asthmatic patients (men and menopause women ) with steroid inhalation treatment group when compared with control group showed a significant increase of Malondialdehyde (MDA) ,amd a significant decrease of super oxidase dismutase (SOD) and creatine kinase(CK) levels (P < 0.05 ) , wherease there was non significant increase in glutathione-S-transferase (GST), levels( P < 0.05) .
The results of this study for asthmatic patients (men and menopause women ) with steroid inhalation treatment group when compared with asthmatic patients without treatment indicated a significant increasing levels of super oxidase dismutase (SOD) (SOD) , glutathione-S-transferase (GST) of men (P < 0.05) , whereas there was a non significant increase in levels of creatine kinase(CK), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) of menopause women(P<0.05) but there was significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In asthmatic patients (men and menopause women ) without treatment group when compared with those of control group estimated significant decrease of super oxidase dismutase (SOD) (SOD) and creatine kinase(CK) level ( P < 0.05) , wherease there was a non significant increase in GST but there was a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels ,( P < 0.05) . The correlation analysis indicated a non significant negative correlation in period of treatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and creatine kinase(CK) , as well as a non significant positive correlation for glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) .
The validity of ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in characterizing adnexal masses( prospective study )
Authors: A. Hadi Taj-Aldean Kassim 
Published: January 2024

To determine whether ultrasonography and MRI images on the basis of their morphologic features and enhancement patterns. could help accurately distinguish benign adnexal masses frommalignant . Between January 2009and December 2011, prospectively studied 80 women (mean age 30 years, range 17 to 70 years) with clinically suspected adnexal masses. A single experienced sonographer performed transabdominal and transvaginal greyscale spectral and colour Doppler examinations. MRI was carried out on a 1.5T system using T1, T2 and fat-suppressed T1-weighted sequences before and after intravenous injection of gadolinium. The adnexal lesions were examined for several features including size, shape, character (solidâ€“cystic), signal intensity, and enhancement Secondary signs such as ascites, peritoneal disease, and lymphadenopathy were noted. We compared the imaging features with the surgical and pathologic findings. All MR imaging features were categorized as benign or malignant without knowledge of clinical details, according to the imaging features which were compared with the surgical and pathological findings. . Sixty four (80%) cases of benign and 16(20%) cases of malignant on histopathology .Mean age (30 year ),size of mass range from 1-14 cm .Both MRI and US correctly diagnosed 11 cases with malignant and false negative diagnosis 1 case with malignant lesion , MRI correctly diagnosed 4 cases with malignant lesions, which on US were thought to be benign ., both MRI and US correctly diagnosed 45 cases with benign lesions . MRI correctly diagnosed 18cases with benign lesion(s), which on US were thought to be malignant. For characterizing lesions as malignant, the sensitivity of MRI were 93.75 %, and of US were 68.75 % , the US features were suggestive of malignancy (large masses and solid-cystic lesions with nodules). MRI is more sensitive than US for differentiation benign and malignant adnexal masses.
TIMP1, and TIMP2 Immunohistochemical staining along with different histopathological parameters of colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Abdul Majeed Mustafa Ibrahim , Tariq Al-Naib Khalid , E. Al- Khuri Luay 
Published: January 2024

Cancer progression is a complex multi-step process. Two critical steps in tumor growth and invasion: are the proteolytic processing of the extracellular matrix environment, and the angiogenic switch enabling blood supply into the tumor. Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are a group of proteolytic enzymes that degrade components of the extracellular matrix and are implicated in tissue remodeling and tumor infiltration, while Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) inhibit activity of the MMP family and preserve stromal integrity, as a consequence, inhibiting tumor migration. More importantly, the recently documented paradoxical functions of TIMPs have not been characterized in these neoplasms. The aims of the current study were to determine whether TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 has any histopathological significance during colorectal adenocarcinoma progression. Accordingly, 35 colorectal adenocarcinoma paraffin embedded sections prepared from Iraqi patients, in addition to their respective resection margins were retrospectively collected from (liver and gastrointestinal hospital)/Baghdad. Based on immunohistochemical staining, it was found that there were a significant increase in the cellular expression of TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in all of the 35 tumor samples compared to their respective resection margins (p<0.001, and p<0.001 respectively). Keeping in mind this up regulation of TIMP-1, and TIMP-2, was transient and reflect a host responses to the remodeling stimuli to balance the local tissue degradation process. moreover, when these 35 paraffin embedded sections were broken down according to their various histopathplogical variables, both TIMP-1, and TIMP-2, appear to negatively correlated with tumor histopathplogical variables, still only TIMP-2 revealed a significant negative correlation with both tumor stage and lymph node involvement (rs = -0.463, p<0.01; and rs = -0.482, p<0.01, respectively). In conclusion, TIMP-2 are seem to be more interesting clinical tool compared to (TIMP-1) in CRC, since, it was found to have the play maker role during Dukeâ€™s stage progression, and L.N involvement, thus they could be used as targets for therapeutic management of patients with primary colorectal adenocarcinoma.
Risk of splenic injuryassociated with fracture of 9th, 10thand 11thribsin blunt trauma
Authors: Ghadhban Alsaaedi Fadhil , Nayyef Assi Ali , Jamel Hassan Alaa 
Published: January 2024

Spleen is the intra abdominal organ most frequently injured in blunt trauma ,suspension of splenic injury should be raised in any patient with blunt trauma to the abdomen and lower left side of chest(blow,fall,or sport related injury.{3}This study was done in the emergency department (ED)in ALHussein teaching hospital (ALNassiria) during 2 years( between 15thmarch2007 to 14thfeberory 2009) 96patients [ 62malesand34females].Patients present as a trauma to the abdomen and/or lower chest. 74 of those patients have rupture spleen with fracture of left lower ribs proved by chest x-ray,abdominal US and C.T scan. To evaluate percentage of splenic injury associated with fracture of left lower ribs we did such study. About 54%of those patient get splenic injury associated withfracture of 3 lower ribs and 24% of patient get splenic injury associated with fracture of 9th&10thribs and about 11% associated with single rib fracture especially10th rib and about 11% have no splenicinjury although they have fracture ribs.Patient with fracture of lower 3 ribs have high risk of splenic injury about double risk from those who have 2lower rib fracture .and triple to those who have single rib fractureespecially 10th rib which regarded most effective rib in splenic injury ,and about 11% 0f patients have no association splenic injury even some of them with 3 ribs fracture.
Effect of intravenous fluid supplementation on serum bilirubin level during conventional phototherapy of term infants with severe hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Omran Easa Zuhair 
Published: January 2024

Background: Adequate hydration (hence good urine output ) improve the efficacy of phototherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravenous fluid supplementation on decrease of serum bilirubin levels in jaundiced healthy term infants during conventional phototherapy. Patients and Methods: this study conducted in Karbala teaching hospital for children during the period from January 2, 2010 through December 31, 2010. Sixty four healthy breast fed neonates with non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia (total serum bilirubin > 18 mg/dL [308 Î¼mol/L] to < 22 mg/dL [375 Î¼mol/L ] ) were assigned randomly to receive either breast milk or bottle formula exclusively (non-supplemented group; n=32) or intravenous fluid in addition to breast milk or formula (supplemented group; n=32) during conventional phototherapy.
Results: The mean total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels at the time of enrollment and within 84 hours after phototherapy were not statistically different between two groups. Similarly, the duration of phototherapy required in both supplemented and non supplemented groups was 48hr.Conclusion: These data show that administration of extra intravenous fluid in jaundiced healthy, term, breastfed neonates have no beneficial effect on the rate of serum bilirubin reduction during conventional phototherapy.
Minimally Invasive Splenectomy for splenomegaly by traditional technique:A comparative study with conventional laparoscopic Splenectomy
Authors: A. MuhiAldeen Fadhil , H. Kasnazan Kalandar 
Published: January 2024

Minimally invasive surgery is a well known advantageous technique to all health systems, it is still possible to do minimal invasive technique, without using expensive equipments and its burden regarding; cost, maintenance and other disadvantages. This study was performed to compare minimally invasive surgery with classical traditional surgical technique in the aspects of reduced post-operative pain, shorter hospital stay and shorter convalescence period. In this study our cases underwent splenectomy through small incisions, which are almost equal to laparoscopic procedures and compared to equal number of cases underwent splenectomy through classical traditional technique. Decisions for splenectomy were made by physicians for a variety of well known disease status that complete cure or improvement will be gained by splenectomy. In this study, eighteen cases were studied, from which nine were males (mean age34.3Â±20.45) and nine were females (mean age=21.6Â±15.99). Nine of them were underwent splenectomy through minimally invasive incisions, the other group splenectomized through classical traditional incisions. The first group was discharged earlier; need much lesser narcotic medication and shorter convalescence period. In summary, compared to conventional classical method approach, Minimally Invasive Splenectomy is significantly facilitates the surgical procedure, reduces the risk and difficulty in the cases of splenomegaly. So this technique is more feasible and more effective than conventional clasical method for the removing of the splenomegaly.
Antiatherosclerotic potential of aspirin: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory approaches
Authors: R Hadi Najah , H Sahib Hussam , I Mohammad Bassim 
Published: January 2024

Objective: this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of aspirin on the progression of atherosclerosis. Materials and methods: A total of 28 local domestic rabbits were assigned to four groups: Group I (normal control), Group II (atherogenic control), Group III (vehicle control),Group IV (aspirin 10 mg\kg daily). Blood samples were collected at the end of experiment (8 weeks) for measurement of serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, plasma high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and plasma reduced glutathione (GSH). Immunohistochemical analysis (VCAM-1, MCP-1, and TNF-Î±) and histopathologic assessment of aortic atherosclerotic changes were also performed.
Results: Compared to NC, levels of lipid profile, atherogenic index, hsCRP, and MDA are increased while GSH were decreased in animals on atherogenic diet (p< 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that aortic expression of VCAM 1, MCP-1, and TNF-Î± were significantly increased in AC group compared to NC group (p<0.001). Histopathologic finding showed that animals on atherogenic diet have significant atherosclerotic lesion compared to NC group. Compared to AC group aspirin donâ€™t have significant effect on lipid profile. Aspirin causes statistically significant reduction in hsCRP and MDA (p<0.05). Aspirin treatment causes significantly increase the level of GSH. Aspirin treatment significantly reduced aortic expression of VCAM-1, MCP-1, and TNF-Î± (p<0.05). Histopathologic examination of aortic arch showed that aspirin significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion (p<0.05).Conclusions: It thus can conclude that aspirin reduces lipid peroxidation, systemic inflammation and aortic expression of inflammatory markers used in this study and hence reduce the progression of atherosclerosis.
In vivo cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of curcumin on mouse bone marrow
Authors: Subhi Mohammed Mohammed 
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Studying the cytogenetic effects of Mytomycin-C by using 2mg/kg by study of (mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus assays) on mouse bone marrow cells (in vivo) andStudying the cytogenetic effects of crude extract of Curcuma longa on mouse bone marrow cells and Studying the ability of crude extract of C. longa in reducing the genotoxic effects induced by Mytomycin-C by combination treatment on mouse bone marrow cells.Material and methodology: Administrative Arrangement: analytical study to period (1 / 5 / 2011 to1 / 1 / 2012)conducted in Al-Nahrain research Centre for biotechnology,Baghdad, Iraq . Methodology: distributed of mice on equal group each group contain five animals, negative control and injected Phosphate Buffer Solution only and positive control injecte Mitomycin - C 2mg/kg and four groups injected by ethanolic crude extract by uses concentration (400, 200, 100 and 50 mg/kg) depend on LD50 of curcumin extract and study interaction between crude extract and MMC after and befor treatment and determination of active the extract in preventiveor inhibition of side effect Mitomycin - C in vivo. Results: The results indicated that MMC has clear effects in reducing mitotic activity, increased spontaneous chromosomal aberration and increased micronucleus in mouse bone marrow cells (in vivo), these effects suggested that the drug has a genotoxic effect, the cytogenetic effects represented by mitotic index, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus (Mitotic Index, Chromosome abberations, Micro Nucleous) on mouse bone marrow cells (in vivo) of positive control Mitomycin-C use 2mg/kg for one day and gave 1.81% for MI and 4.12% for CAs and 8.13% for MN, and the cytogenetic effects of ethanolic crude extract of Curcuma long extract by administration the animals crude ethanolic extract at different concentration (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 7 days i.p., 50mg/kg was choice to as best dose which there ratio considered increase Mitotic Index (5.40%) and reduce Micro Nucleous (1.801%) and Chromosome abberations (0.774%) relatively was like negative control, the Interaction effect between extract administration pre and post treatment with drug (MMC) was estimated in cytogenetic parameters on mouse bone marrow cells, which gave a protective efficient against the genotoxic effect of Mitomycin - C in mouse bone marrow cells which gave 90% for M.I and 97.55% for CAs and 97.64% for MN, this effect was more efficient in post-treatment than in pre-treatment, ethanolic crude extract of C. longa extract had genotoxic effects at high doses exess of 50 mg/kg and showed Ethanolic crude extract C. longa was considered as fundamental biomutagene in the first degree and desmutagene in second degree as a result of its ability to increase mitotic activity, decrease micronucleus frequency and repair chromosomal aberration in mouse bone marrow cells.