bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Quantitative Trait Locus Influencing Free Plasma Protein S Levels on Human Chromosome 1q
Authors: Almasy Laura , Soria José Manuel , Souto Juan Carlos , Coll Imma , Bacq Delphine , Faure Alexandra , Mateo José , Borrell Montserrat , Muñoz Xavier , Sala Nuria , Stone William H. , Lathrop Mark , Fontcuberta Jordi , Blangero John 
Published: March 2003

Objective—Protein S (PS) is a component of the protein C anticoagulant system. PS deficiency is associated with myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolism, two highly prevalent causes of death in industrialized nations. As part of the Genetic Analysis of Idiopathic Thrombophilia (GAIT) project, we conducted a genome-wide linkage screen to localize genes influencing variation in free PS (fPS) plasma levels.Methods and Results—fPS levels were measured in 397 individuals in 21 Spanish families. A total of 363 highly informative microsatellite markers were genotyped to provide a 10-cM genetic map, and variance component linkage methods were used. A region on chromosome 1q32, flanked by markers D1S425 and D1S213, showed strong evidence of linkage with fPS levels (LOD score, 4.07; nominalP=7.5×10−6; genome-wideP=0.0024). This region contains two positional candidate genes, the complement component 4-binding protein α and β chains, which encode the principal binding protein for PS. Suggestive evidence for linkage was also observed on chromosomes 11p and 19p.Conclusions—These results represent one of the first genomic screens for quantitative variation in a component of the hemostatic pathway and provide strong evidence for a locus on chromosome 1q influencing fPS levels.
Construction and initial validation of the Self‐Worth Protection Scale
Authors: Thompson Ted , Dinnel Dale L. 
Published: March 2003

Background: The self‐worth theory of achievement motivation holds that in certain circumstances students stand to gain by deliberately withdrawing effort. When failure occurs despite effort, students are likely to conclude that failure resulted from lack of ability. Thus, withdrawing effort offers a defence against conclusions of low ability, thereby protecting self‐worth.Aim: We undertook to assess the psychometric properties of the Self‐Worth Protection Scale (SWPS).Sample: Data were obtained from 243 participants (Study 1) and 411 participants (Study 2) enrolled in undergraduate psychology courses at a university in the United States.Method: We administered a number of scales, including the SWPS and scales assessing a fear of negative evaluation, academic self‐esteem, uncertain global self‐evaluations, self‐handicapping, and causal uncertainty.Results: Exploratory factor analysis indicated a three‐factor solution (ability doubts, the importance of ability as a criterion of self‐worth, and an avoidance orientation) utilising 33 of the original 44 items. A confirmatory factor analysis indicated that this three‐factor solution was a poor fit of the data. After modifying the model, a confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a three‐factor solution with 26 of the original items and a higher order factor of self‐worth protection was an adequate fit of the data. Reliability measures were acceptable for the three subscales and total score. The total score of the SWPS was positively correlated with theoretically related constructs, demonstrating construct validity.Conclusions: The SWPS appears to be a psychometrically sound scale to assist in identifying individuals who manifest self‐worth protection in achievement situations.
Direct luminescence chronology of the Epipaleolithic Kebaran site of Nahal Hadera V, Israel
Authors: Godfrey‐Smith D.I. , Vaughan K.B. , Gopher A. , Barkai R. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report direct luminescence ages for the culture‐bearing sediments of the Kebaran site of Nahal Hadera V (NHV) in the coastal plain of Israel. Although the site contains, in addition to rich lithic deposits, plentiful mammalian bone, it has proved to be undatable using radiocarbon dating, in spite of the fact that the cultural context places the time of occupation well within the range of radiocarbon dating. In contrast, luminescence dating of the site sediments proved successful. Luminescence ages were determined using the single aliquot additive‐dose (SAA) method, applied to sand‐sized quartz extracts to determine past equivalent doses (De). Dose rates (R) were calculated using thick source alpha counting for the uranium (U) and thorium (Th) concentrations and x‐ray fluorescence analysis for the potassium (K20) concentration. Of the five samples collected at the site, four represent cultural and subcultural deposits and the fifth represents the geological substrate for the archaeological deposit, a quartz‐rich, carbonate‐cemented dune sand known as aeolianite or kurkar. The luminescence age of the kurkar is 42.7 ± 6.3 ka. Human occupation of the site occurred between 21.3 ka and 14.0 ka ago, during the Last Glacial Maximum. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recent progress in the development of coumarin derivatives as potent anti‐HIV agents
Authors: Yu Donglei , Suzuki Madoka , Xie Lan , Morris‐Natschke Susan L. , Lee Kuo‐Hsiung 
Published: March 2003

AbstractNumerous plant‐derived compounds have been evaluated for inhibitory effects against HIV replication, and some coumarins have been found to inhibit different stages in the HIV replication cycle. This review article describes recent progress in the discovery, structure modification, and structure–activity relationship studies of potent anti‐HIV coumarin derivatives. A dicamphanoyl‐khellactone (DCK) analog, which was discovered and developed in our laboratory, and calanolide A are currently in preclinical studies and clinical trials, respectively. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 23, No. 3, 322‐345, 2003
Assessing the impact of environmental management systems on corporate and environmental performance
Authors: Melnyk Steven A , Sroufe Robert P , Calantone Roger 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThere has been an increase in interest towards corporate activities aimed at reducing or eliminating the waste created during the production, use and/or disposal of the firm’s products. Prior research has focused on the need for such activities, while current research tries to identify those components that encourage or discourage such activities. As a result of the introduction of ISO 14001, attention has turned to corporate environmental management systems (EMS). The underlying assumption is that such a system is critical to a firm’s ability to reduce waste and pollution while simultaneously improving overall performance. This study evaluates this assumption. Drawing on data provided by a survey of North American managers, their attitudes toward EMS and ISO 14001, this study assesses the relative effects of having a formal but uncertified EMS compared to having a formal, certified system. The results strongly demonstrate that firms in possession of a formal EMS perceive impacts well beyond pollution abatement and see a critical positive impact on many dimensions of operations performance. The results also show that firms having gone through EMS certification experience a greater impact on performance than do firms that have not certified their EMS. Additionally, experience with these systems over time has a greater impact on the selection and use of environmental options. These results demonstrate the need for further investigation into EMS, the environmental options a firm chooses, and the direct and indirect relationships between these systems and performance.
Factors Influencing Men's Interest in Gene Testing for Prostate Cancer Susceptibility
Authors: Culler Duane D. , Silberg Judy , Vanner‐Nicely Lauren , Ware Joy L. , Jackson‐Cook Colleen , Bodurtha Joann 
Published: March 2003

AbstractInterest in genetic testing for inherited cancer susceptibility is high in the general population. Women at risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations represent the best‐studied population undergoing genetic testing for cancer susceptibility. However, it is unclear whether factors influencing interest in genetic testing in women are directly applicable to men. We designed a study to examine factors associated with men's interest in genetic testing to identify prostate cancer susceptibility. Our sample consisted of 267 men present in waiting rooms of a urology clinic in an urban area. We examined whether the concept of “monitoring” could be used to predict the interest of men in a genetic test for prostate cancer susceptibility. Our results indicated that “monitoring” trait was positively associated with interest in genetic testing in these men, but principally for patients rather than nonpatients. Moreover we found that monitoring was associated with over estimation of risk in those men with prostate cancer. Other factors found to influence interest in genetic testing included recommendation by a doctor, family history of prostate cancer, and cost. This study indicated that interest in genetic testing and estimation of risk is influenced by a complex interaction between both psychological factors (monitoring) and nonbehavioral factors (such as patient status, cost, and doctor recommendation).
Effect of political imprisonment and trauma history on recent Tibetan refugees in India
Authors: Crescenzi Antonella , Ketzer Eva , van Ommeren Mark , Phuntsok Kalsang , Komproe Ivan , de Jong Joop T. V. M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe sought to examine the impact of political imprisonment on anxiety depression, and somatic symptoms reported by newly arrived Tibetan refugees in Dharamsala, India. We used the Hopkins Symptom Checklist‐25 to compare 76 previously imprisoned with 74 never imprisoned recent Tibetan refugees. Previously imprisoned refugees reported more traumatic events, especially torture and deprivation. Previously imprisoned refugees reported more anxiety than nonimprisoned refugees, but the groups were similarly high in terms of depression and number ot somatic complaints. According to assessment with the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, 20% of the tortured and imprisoned refugees met criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder.
A secondary respiratory chain defect in a patient with Fanconi–Bickel syndrome
Authors: Odièvre M. H. , Lombès A. , Dessemme P. , Santer R. , Brivet M. , Chevallier B. , Lagardère B. , Odièvre M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA North African boy, the son of consanguineous parents, presented at 8 years of age with hypophosphataemic rickets due to De Toni–Debré–Fanconi syndrome. Hepatomegaly and abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism were suggestive of Fanconi–Bickel syndrome. This was confirmed by the detection of a mutation within GLUT2, the gene encoding the liver‐type facilitative glucose transporter. The study of the respiratory chain revealed a deficiency of complexes I, III and IV in muscle. Mechanisms responsible for an impairment of mitochondrial function, which we interpret as a secondary phenomenon, are discussed.
Elevated plasma phenylalanine concentrations may adversely affect bone status of phenylketonuric mice
Authors: Yannicelli S. , Medeiros D. M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractChildren with phenylketonuric (PKU) are at risk for fractures. This study used a PKU murine model (PAHenu‐2) to evaluate effects of moderate dietary protein restriction and elevated plasma phenylalanine concentration impact upon bone status. Fifty‐four male weanling PKU and control mice were assigned to either an elemental phenylalanine (Phe)‐restricted diet (treated) or Phe‐unrestricted diet (untreated) with low or normal protein levels for 56 days. Untreated mice and control mice received equal amounts of dietary Phe; treated mice consumed prescribed dietary Phe to maintain plasma Phe concentrations between 120 and 480 µmol/L. Plasma Phe, osteocalcin, and urine deoxypyridinoline (DPD)/creatinine were analysed at baseline and at days 28 and 56. Femur strength, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were analysed at day 56. Moderate protein restriction did not significantly affect bone status. Mean plasma Phe concentrations were significantly greater in untreated vs treated and control mice (p<0.0001). Total body weight was significantly less in untreated vs control mice (p<0.01). Mean femur weight was reduced in untreated mice vs both treated and control mice (p<0.03). Untreated mice had smaller mean femur length than control mice (p<0.002). Femur strength was greater in treated mice compared to control mice (p<0.01) but not compared to untreated mice. No significant difference among groups was found in BMD and BMC. At day 56 there was a statistical trend (p<0.056) towards higher urine DPD/creatinine excretion in untreated mice than in treated mice. Plasma Phe concentration was positively correlated with urine DPD/creatinine. These data suggested that hyperphenylalaninaemia may adversely affect bone status in PKU mice.
Patterns of Substance Use in Early Through Late Adolescence
Authors: Zapert Kinga , Snow David L. , Tebes Jacob Kraemer 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis study examined patterns of substance use throughout adolescence. A cluster analytic approach was used to identify subgroups of adolescents on the basis of their levels of substance use from early through late adolescence (Grades 6 through 11). Six distinct clusters of substance users emerged—2 groups representing relatively stable patterns of substance use from early through late adolescence (i.e., nonusers and alcohol experimenters), and 4 groups of users showing escalating patterns of substance use (i.e., low escalators, early starters, late starters, and high escalators). The study provides a comprehensive view of adolescent substance use by examining the progression of use from early to late adolescence, demonstrates the usefulness of studying patterns of use across multiple substances, and underscores the importance of building classification schemes based on repeated measurements of substance use to reflect changes over time. Implications of the findings for future research and for identifying high‐risk subgroups of adolescents for purposes of intervention based on timing and pattern of escalation are discussed.
Class size, pupil attentiveness and peer relations
Authors: Blatchford Peter , Edmonds Suzanne , Martin Clare 
Published: March 2003

Background: Despite a long‐running debate over the effects of class size differences on educational performance there is little evidence on the classroom processes that might be involved.Aims: The effects of class size differences are examined in relation to social and behavioural adjustment to school, in terms of two dimensions: attentiveness and peer relations. It was predicted that as class size increased there would be more inattentiveness in class and more signs of social difficulties between children in the form of more rejection, asocial, anxious and aggressive behaviour, and less prosocial behaviour.Samples: Data came from a large‐scale longitudinal study of children over KS1 (4‐7 years). The observation study was based on a subsample of 235 children in 21 small (average 19 children) and 18 large (average 33 children) reception classes (aged 5 years). The PBR sample involved over 5,000.Methods: There were two complementary methods of data collection: first, a systematic observation study of pre‐selected target children in terms of three ‘social modes’ — when with their teachers, other children and when not interacting — and in terms of work, procedural, social and off‐task activities; and, second, a teacher administered Pupil Behaviour Rating (PBR) scale comprising over 50 items rated on a 3‐point scale grouped into six ‘factors’: hyperactive/distractible, aggressive, anxious/fearful, prosocial, asocial, and excluded.Results: Observations showed that children in large classes were more likely to show off‐task behaviour of all kinds, and more likely to interact with their peers in terms of off‐task behaviour, social, and also on‐task behaviours. Connections between class size and PBR factors were not strong. There was no support for the view that peer relations are better in smaller classes; indeed, there was a slight tendency for worse peer relations, in terms of aggression, asocial and excluded, in the smallest classes.Conclusions: There was confirmation that children in large classes are more distracted from work and more often off task. The unexpected result, based on teacher ratings, that small classes may lead to less social and more aggressive relations between children is discussed, along with implications for teachers of a tendency for more peer‐related contacts in large classes.
Nuclear localization of basic fibroblast growth factor is mediated by heparan sulfate proteoglycans through protein kinase C signaling
Authors: Hsia Edward , Richardson Thomas P. , Nugent Matthew A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractUnderstanding the process of wound healing will provide valuable insight for the development of new strategies to treat diseases associated with improper regeneration, such as blindness induced by corneal scarring. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) are not normally expressed in the corneal stroma, but their presence at sites of injury suggests their involvement in the wound healing response. Primary cultured corneal stromal fibroblasts constitutively express HSPG and represent an injured phenotype. Recently, nuclear localization of HSPG was shown to increase in corneal stromal fibroblasts plated on fibronectin (FN), an extracellular matrix protein whose appearance in the corneal stroma correlates with injury. One possible role for the nuclear localization of HSPG is to function as a shuttle for the nuclear transport of heparin‐binding growth factors, such as basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF‐2). Once in the nucleus, these growth factors might directly modulate cellular activities. To investigate this hypothesis, cells were treated with 125I‐labelled FGF‐2 under various conditions and fractionated. Our results show that nuclear localization of FGF‐2 was increased in cells plated on FN compared to those on collagen type I (CO). Interestingly, FGF‐2‐stimulated proliferation was increased in cells plated on FN compared to CO and this effect was absent in the presence of heparinase III. Furthermore, pre‐treatment with heparinase III decreased nuclear FGF‐2, and CHO cells defective in the ability to properly synthesize heparan sulfate chains showed reduced nuclear FGF‐2 indicating that the heparan sulfate chains of HSPG are critical for this process. HSPG signaling, particularly through the cytoplasmic tails of syndecans, was investigated as a potential mechanism for the nuclear localization of FGF‐2. Treatment with phorbol 12‐myristate‐13‐acetate (PMA), under conditions that caused downregulation of protein kinase Cα (PKCα), decreased nuclear FGF‐2. Using pharmacological inhibitors of specific PKC isozymes, we elucidated a potential mode of regulation whereby PKCα mediates the nuclear localization of FGF‐2 and PKCδ inhibits it. Our studies suggest a novel mechanism in which FGF‐2 translocates to the nucleus in response to injury. J. Cell. Biochem. 88: 1214–1225, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alignment of strategic priorities and performance: an integration of operations and strategic management perspectives
Authors: Joshi Maheshkumar P , Kathuria Ravi , Porth Stephen J 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn theory, strategic priorities at the functional level align with and support business level strategies. Alignment of priorities is presumed to contribute to enhanced organizational performance, just as misalignment is expected to undermine performance. This study further develops and tests these theoretical conventions by examining the perceptions of general managers and manufacturing managers regarding manufacturing priorities of their business units. Based on a sample of matched pairs of manufacturing managers and general managers from 98 manufacturing plants, the hypotheses regarding the alignment–performance relationship are tested. Specifically, we tested whether the performance of the manufacturing unit is enhanced when general managers and manufacturing managers agree on strategic priorities. Furthermore, the influence of organizational factors on the relationship between alignment and performance of the manufacturing unit is studied. Results support our hypotheses that certain organizational variables moderate the relationship between alignment of priorities and manufacturing performance.
A comparative dose–response study of cartilage‐derived morphogenetic protein (CDMP)‐1, ‐2 and ‐3 for tendon healing in rats
Authors: Forslund Carina , Rueger David , Aspenberg Per 
Published: March 2003

AbstractCartilage‐derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMPs), belonging to the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family, are known to be cartilage and bone inducers as well as to induce tendon and ligament‐like tissue. In this study we investigated the influence of CDMP‐1, ‐2 or ‐3 at four different doses (0, 0.4, 2 and 10 μg) on tendon healing in a rat model, as well as differences in osteogenesis between the different CDMPs and doses.In 110 rats, a 3 mm segment of the Achilles tendon was removed via a 2 mm skin incision. CDMP‐1, ‐2 or ‐3 was injected into the defect 6 h postoperative. The rats were killed 8 days after operation. The tendon regenerates were tested biomechanically. There was a significant dose‐related increase in strength and stiffness with all three CDMPs, but no difference between the CDMPs was found.Another 50 rats were used to compare the highest dose of the CDMPs with controls and osteogenic protein 1 (OP‐1), as regards cartilage or bone formation after 4 weeks. Cartilage occurred in all groups, including the controls. Some specimens in all groups contained bone, except the controls. No difference between the CDMPs could be demonstrated. The CDMP‐1, CDMP‐3 and OP‐1 groups contained significantly more calcium than controls. Only the CDMP‐2 group and the controls contained significantly less calcium than the OP‐1 group.In conclusion, the three CDMPs appeared similar as regards improvement of tendon repair and osteogenicity in this setting. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Successful pregnancy in a woman with mut− methylmalonic acidaemia
Authors: Deodato F. , Rizzo C. , Boenzi S. , Baiocco F. , Sabetta G. , Dionisi‐Vici C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report on a favourable pregnancy in a woman affected by mut− methylmalonic acidaemia. Under vitamin B12 and carnitine therapy she remained symptom‐free throughout pregnancy, labour, delivery and the postpartum period and gave birth to a term, healthy female newborn. At follow‐up, the child shows normal somatic and neurocognitive development.
Hurricane Georges: A cross‐national study examining preparedness, resource loss, and psychological distress in the U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, and the United States
Authors: Sattler David N. , Preston Andrew J. , Kaiser Charles F. , Olivera Vivian E. , Valdez Juan , Schlueter Shannon 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis cross‐national study examined preparation for and psychological functioning following Hurricane Georges in the U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, and the United States. Four to five weeks after the storm made landfall, 697 college students (222 men, 476 women) completed a questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics, preparation, social support, resource loss, and symptoms associated with acute stress disorder. Location, resource loss (especially personal characteristic resources) and social support accounted for a significant portion of psychological distress variance. The findings support the conservation of resources stress theory (Hobfoll. 1989. 1998). Implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed.