bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An electrospray‐ionization—flow‐tube study of H/D exchange in protonated leucine‐enkephalin
Authors: Ustyuzhanin Pavel , Kogan Alexandra , Reuben Bryan G. , Lifshitz Chava 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn electrospray ionization fast flow technique has been employed to study reactions with CH3OD and ND3, respectively, of the protonated pentapeptide leucine enkephalin, and of protonated tri‐ and tetrapeptides that make up its backbone structure. Deconvolution of the experimental mass spectral data follod by simulation of the kinetic data by solution of differential equations leads to sets of apparent and site‐specific rate constants. On a time scale of several milliseconds, leucine enkephalin undergoes with ND3 four fast H/D exchanges and one slow exchange. Three equivalent exchanges are observed that are ascribed to the protonated amine group at the N‐terminus. Contrary to leucine enkephalin, some of the smaller peptides that do not have tyrosine at the N‐terminus are reactive with CH3OD, but the reactions are more than two orders of magnitude slower than the ND3 reactions. These peptides do not sequester the ionizing proton at the N‐terminus. The present study demonstrates the capabilities of a fast flow technique in studying gas phase reactions of small biomolecules. It forms part of an effort to understand gas phase conformational changes in proteins through hydrogen‐exchange electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 33: 707–714, 2001
From tacit knowledge to knowledge management: leveraging invisible assets
Authors: K. Kakabadse Nada , Kouzmin Alexander , Kakabadse Andrew 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWithin competitive advantage considerations, knowledge has emerged as one of the more strategic, although invisible, assets for organizations. This is notwithstanding a wider and specifically economistic and cognitive discounting of knowledge as a factor of production — largely ignoring the socially constructed and socially mediated nature of knowledge. Intellectual capabilities and knowledge/information transformations now have a central place within globalizing information economies.Constructing, transforming and commodifying knowledge and information require new organizational understandings and newer cognitive capabilities of strategic management praxis. Part of this cognitive awareness is a deliberate organizational designing for the role of symbolic analysts. As well, there is an emerging need for the Chief Knowledge Officer function going well beyond the Chief Information Officer requirements posited by an information technology‐driven restructuring of routine processes, as compared with innovation creation capacities associated with critically non‐routine functions within organizations discovered by Cranfield research.The paper considers neglected institutional and organizational dimensions to knowledge creation and knowledge conversion — it reviews the renewed importance of internal recruitment and socialization within institutions and details knowledge codification and application functions within knowledge‐creating organizations. Knowledge management, as praxis, inevitably raises concerns about cognitive failure in leadership theory and praxis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Full‐face photorejuvenation of photodamaged skin by intense pulsed light with integrated contact cooling: Initial experiences in Asian patients
Authors: Negishi Kei , Wakamatsu Shingo , Kushikata Nobuharu , Tezuka Yukiko , Kotani Yasuyo , Shiba Kyouko 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFor Asian skin, recent “non‐ablative” skin rejuvenation techniques have become the focus of attention for darker complected patients. In our earlier research, we have shown that intense pulsed light (IPL) technology can be applied to Asian skin with a high degree of safety and efficacy. In this study, we performed full‐face photorejuvenation using a new IPL device incorporating a 560 nm filter and integrated contact cooling system for the improvement of various symptoms associated with photoaging in Asian patients.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA total of 73 patients were treated with a series of five or more full‐face treatments at 3–4 week intervals using IPL with integrated contact cooling. One month after the third and fifth treatments, the patient and the treating physicians subjectively evaluated improvement in five areas—in pigmentation, telangiectasia, fine wrinkles, skin texture, and over‐all improvement. In addition, histological changes were evaluated.ResultsPigmentation improvement, telangiectasia reduction, fine wrinkle reduction, smoother skin texture, and over‐all improvement were evaluated according to five grades of percentage improvement. In addition, the subjective rating by the patients and the physicians was averaged, and the combined results were evaluated. After the fifth treatment, a combined rating of greater than 60% improvement was given to more than 80% of patients for pigmentation improvement, telangiectasia reduction or removal, smoother skin texture, and overall improvement. Histological evaluations showed strong staining of Type I and Type III collagen. Complications were minor and transitory, with burning sensations and erythema in only two patients.ConclusionFull‐face photorejuvenation for Asian patients using this device is not only effective but is also associated with fewer post‐treatment complications than other more invasive modalities. We conclude that IPL photorejuvenation can be the basis for safe and effective skin rejuvenation in Asian patients. Lasers Surg. Med. 30:298–305, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Laserinduced thermotherapy (LITT) of experimental livermetastasis—detection of residual tumors using Gd‐DTPA enhanced MRI
Authors: Isbert Christoph , Ritz Jörg‐P. , Schilling Andreas , Roggan André , Heiniche Antje , Wolf Karl‐J. , Müller Gerhard , Buhr Heinz J. , Germer Christoph‐T. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Gd‐DTPA MRI in the detection of recurrent tumor after laserinduced thermotherapy (LITT) of experimental liver metastases.Study Design/Materials and MethodsLITT was performed at different energy levels in VX‐2 tumor‐bearing rabbits (n = 80). MRI and histology were placed at 0, 24, 96 hours, and 14 days. Signal intensities were calculated of the transition between thermally damaged and undamaged tissue (transition zone = TZ) and of the surrounding tissue (reference zone = RZ).ResultsTumor recurrence was seen in 47 animals. At 24 hours sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was 92, 100, and 95% in TZ and 23, 100, and 50% in RZ. At 14 days sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was 100, 11, and 60% in TZ and 100, 89, and 95% in RZ.ConclusionsRecurrence is best excluded in TZ at 24 hour and in RZ at 14 day with an accuracy up to 95%. Lasers Surg. Med. 30:280–289, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Understanding complaining responses through consumers' self‐consciousness disposition
Authors: Marquis Marie , Filiatrault Pierre 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe objective of this article is to determine whether a dissatisfied consumer would select a specific complaining behavior response based on his or her self‐consciousness disposition. The study used written scenarios where subjects waiting in line at a movie theater had to face additional waiting time as a consequence of an event associated with an intruder or with the service provider, and occurring either immediately in front of them or further away. Results indicated that, when faced with an additional delay related to an event occurring near them as opposed to further away from them, high private subjects, in contrast with low private subjects, had a significantly more negative perception of service quality and a strong tendency to display more negative word‐of‐mouth behavior. When faced with an additional delay related to an event occurring near them as opposed to further away from them, high public subjects, in contrast with low public subjects, had a significantly more negative perception of service quality and favored significantly more negative word‐of‐mouth behavior to express their dissatisfaction. Under a direct intrusion scenario, when compared with low public subjects, high public subjects favored significantly more negative word‐of‐mouth behavior and evaluated service quality in a significantly more negative way than when the loss of time was related to actions of the service provider. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On‐line coupled supercritical fluid extraction–liquid chromatography–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the analysis of organic acids
Authors: Shimmo Masahiko , Hyötyläinen Tuulia , Hartonen Kari , Riekkola Marja‐Liisa 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn on‐line coupled supercritical fluid extraction–liquid chromatography–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SFE‐LC‐GC‐MS) system was constructed and applied for the quantitative analysis of selected organic acids. In SFE the analytes were derivatized in situ with pentafluorobenzyl bromide in the presence of the modifiers triethylamine and acetone to make them less polar, more volatile, and soluble in supercritical CO2. Parameters that affect derivatization and extraction were studied. Excess reagent was efficiently removed by LC prior to GC analysis. Pentane containing 3% ethyl acetate was suitable for elution of both the SFE solid phase trap and LC‐GC. A LC fraction of 1600 μL could be transferred using an on‐column interface and partially concurrent solvent evaporation. The whole analysis took place for 2 h in a closed system. The method was linear in the range 5–200 ng, with detection limits around 3 ng. The relative standard deviations of the method were 5–20%. The on‐line SFE‐LC‐GC‐MS system was applied for the analysis of aerosol samples collected with Teflon filters in Helsinki, Finland. Benzoic acid and butyric acid were identified at the level of nanograms per cubic meter, but pinonic acid was not observed. The importance of anthropogenic emissions for aerosol formation in the region is implied. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Micro Sep 13: 202–210, 2001
Dystonia in corticobasal degeneration
Authors: Vanek Zeba , Jankovic Joseph 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOBJECTIVE:To characterize the clinical features, particularly dystonia, in patients with clinically diagnosed or pathologically proven corticobasal degeneration (CBD).BACKGROUND:Although dystonia has been reported in many neurodegenerative disorders, it has not been studied in CBD. Dystonia, often accompanied by painful rigidity and fixed contractures, is one of the most disabling features of CBD.METHODS:The medical records, imaging studies, and videotapes of 66 patients who satisfied the clinical criteria of CBD, evaluated between 1988 and 1998, were reviewed. The occurrence, nature, and distribution of dystonic features were analyzed and correlated with other features of CBD.RESULTS:Of the 66 patients with CBD, 39 (59.0%) had dystonia. The mean age at onset of initial symptoms was 63.9 years (range 44–75). In 20 (51.0%) patients, dystonic symptoms began in one arm, while 13 (33.0%) patients had initial leg involvement. At least one arm was affected in 36 (92.0%) dystonic patients. Although 11 (28.0%) patients had leg dystonia, the leg was the predominant site of involvement in only 1 patient. Only 12 (31.0%) patients had dystonia involving the head, neck, or trunk in the course of the disease. The diagnosis of CBD was confirmed in all 4 patients who had autopsies.CONCLUSION:In this large series of CBD patients we found that asymmetric limb dystonia, particularly affecting one arm, is a common manifestation of CBD; dystonia may be the initial manifestation of this neurodegenerative disorder. Axial or leg dystonia, without significant involvement of an arm, is rare. There is no effective treatment for this relentless disorder, except for temporary relief of dystonia and pain, with local botulinum toxin injections. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Influence of pallidal stimulation and levodopa on gait and preparatory postural adjustments in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Defebvre Luc J.P. , Krystkowiak Pierre , Blatt Jean‐Louis , Duhamel Alain , Bourriez Jean‐Louis , Périna Myriame , Blond Serge , Guieu Jean‐Daniel , Destée Alain 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn order to assess the influence of the bilateral internal globus pallidus (GPi) stimulation on gait and postural instability in Parkinson's disease (PD), we compared gait kinematic parameters and preparatory postural adjustments before and 3 months after stimulation in off‐ and on‐drug conditions for seven patients. Gait kinematic parameters and displacements of centre of pressure (CP) and shoulder computed before a lateral raising task of the leg, were recorded using optoelectric Vicon system. Levodopa (L‐dopa) induced a clear benefit for gait velocity (related to an increase of stride length) and also an increase of swing phase duration. GPi stimulation had a limited effect, since the increase of gait velocity was induced by a concomitant increase of stride length and cadence corresponding to a compensatory mechanism. The benefit on swing phase duration was also moderate. Displacements of CP were improved mainly by L‐dopa. GPi stimulation and L‐dopa had the same beneficial effect on the speed at which the CP was transferred back towards the support side, the ankle velocity, the onset time for ankle displacement, and the decrease of shoulder amplitude towards the support side, which reflects a better postural adjustment phase. This study, based on an objective method, revealed that chronic bilateral GPi stimulation may improve gait and preparatory postural adjustments in severe PD patients with a more limited effect than L‐dopa. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Different ligands–different receptor conformations: Modeling of the hERα LBD in complex with agonists and antagonists
Authors: Egner Ursula , Heinrich Nikolaus , Ruff Marc , Gangloff Monique , Mueller‐Fahrnow Anke , Wurtz Jean‐Marie 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe aim of this study is to compare crystal structures of nuclear receptor ligand binding domains in complex with different agonists and partial agonists to achieve a better understanding of the three‐dimensional structures and their ligand‐induced conformational changes. This led to the identification of structurally conserved “rigid” regions and more flexible parts of the proteins. The analysis was found to be of great value in fitting selected non‐steroidal compounds into the human estrogen receptor alpha (hERα) ligand binding pocket. The experimentally determined binding affinities for a number of 2‐aryl indoles and 2‐aryl indenones are in good agreement with the subsequently modeled binding interactions. To date, no crystal structure is published for a complex with a pure antagonist. We therefore used the available structural information on complexes with partial agonists and the crystal structure of a mutant protein in complex with estradiol displaying a similar conformation to predict binding interactions for antagonists. The results are discussed in detail. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 21, No. 6, 523–539, 2001
Synthesis of multiple‐pattern planar antenna arrays with single prefixed or jointly optimized amplitude distributions
Authors: Brégains J. , Trastoy A. , Ares F. , Moreno E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPrevious work on the generation of multiple radiation patterns by a single linear array antenna with an unchanging excitation amplitude distribution is generalized to planar arrays. The amplitude distribution common to all of the excitation distributions can be prefixed or optimized jointly with the phase distributions. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 74–78, 2002.
Design and simulation of a 2×2NSOI optical power splitter
Authors: Tsao Shyh‐Lin , Peng Peng‐Chun 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA 2×2Noptical power splitter is designed on a two‐layer silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) wafer that offers the flexible design of the optical power‐splitting ratio. The lateral power‐splitting ratio is designed by adjusting the multimode interference region. The vertical power‐splitting ratio is designed by varying the gap distance between the two SOI layers. We use the beam propagation method to simulate the light propagation in such a two‐layer optical waveguide. The total insertion loss 1.01 dB of a 2×32 optical power splitter with 0.2 mm×8.7 mm size is demonstrated by beam propagation simulations. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 307–310, 2002.
A low‐cost microstrip‐line‐fed shorted‐patch antenna for a PCS base station
Authors: Kuo Jieh‐Sen , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA low‐cost microstrip‐line‐fed shorted‐patch antenna suitable for applications in a PCS (1710–1880 MHz band) base station is presented. Both the shorted patch and the 50 Ω microstrip feed line have an air substrate, and the material cost is thus reduced to be minimum. And by using a pair of shorting plates of proper widths for shorting the radiating patch to the antenna's ground, the proposed antenna can be directly fed by the 50 Ω microstrip feed line, which greatly simplifies the antenna's impedance‐matching design. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 146–148, 2001.
The folded dipole: A self‐balancing antenna
Authors: Buxton Carey G. , Stutzman Warren L. , Nealy Randall R. , Orndorff Aaron M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe folded dipole is known to have a fourfold increase in input impedance over that of a dipole. However, the half‐wavelength folded dipole also maintains a balanced radiation pattern when fed with an unbalanced transmission line. A numerical and experimental investigation of the folded dipole performance is reported in this paper. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 155–160, 2001.
Ellipsoidal source modelings for optimal far‐field interpolation
Authors: Bucci O. M. , D'agostino F. , Ferrara F. , Gennarelli C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA two‐dimensional sampling interpolation algorithm to efficiently reconstruct the antenna far field is developed in this work. It is based on the recent theoretical results relevant to the nonredundant field representations over curves and surfaces. The use of an ellipsoid (prolate or oblate) as modeling of the source allows the reduction of the number of required samples with respect to a spherical source modeling, when considering antennas having one or two predominant dimensions. Numerical examples assessing the efficiency and stability of the algorithm are presented. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 181–185, 2001.
Modes in a Möbius wire‐loaded cavity resonator*
Authors: Cooke Simon J. , Pond Jeffrey M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractResonant modes of Möbius wire‐loaded cavities are determined by a fully three‐dimensional numerical eigenfrequency analysis. Excellent agreement is achieved with experimental measurements of a loosely coupled Möbius wire in a copper cavity, for both the Möbius modes and the conventional generalized even modes. The field solutions provide insight applicable to suppression of the higher order modes that limit the out‐of‐band performance of the bandpass filters implemented with Möbius resonators. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 6–9, 2001.
Expression of adhesion molecules LFA‐1, ICAM‐1, CD44, and L‐selectin in childhood non‐Hodgkin lymphomas
Authors: Yaris Nilgün , Büyükpamukçu Münevver , Kansu Emin , Canpinar Hande 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to analyse the expression of adhesion molecules in childhood non‐Hodgkin lymphomas and to correlate the findings with clinical features and prognosis.ProcedureSamples were obtained from pleural and peritoneal fluids, bone marrow aspirates, and tissue biopsies from 21 patients (median age: 8 years). There were 9 T‐cell and 12 B‐cell lymphomas. The expression of CD18, CD44s, CD54, CD62L were investigated with flow cytometry by using monoclonal antibodies.ResultsAbsence of CD18, which was independent from immunophenotype, was found in 67% of patients. Positive CD44s and CD62L expression were observed in 48 and 63% of the cases, respectively. In all of the cases with T‐cell lymphoma, CD54 was negative, whereas 8 of 12 cases with B‐cell lymphoma expressed this molecule (P = 0.005). There was no correlation between location of disease and the expression of adhesion molecules, except CD54 that was negative in all mediasten lymphoma (P = 0.004). CD62L (+) patients had more frequently stage IV disease than CD62L (−) ones (P = 0.01). Two‐year overall survival was 83 and 29% in CD18 (+) and CD18 (−) cases; 55 and 36% in CD44s (+) and CD44s (−) cases; 46 and 42% in CD54 (+) and CD54 (−) cases; 42 and 50% in CD62L (+) and CD62L (−) cases.ConclusionsThe expression of LFA‐1 on lymphoblasts is lost in the majority of childhood non‐Hodgkin lymphomas. ICAM‐1 is not detected on neoplastic cells of patients with T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. L‐selectin positivity correlates with disseminated disease. There is no significant relationship between the expression of adhesion molecules and the survival rates, although CD18(+) cases had better overall survival rate than CD18(−) cases. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 36:359–364, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cognitive functions of adolescent childhood cancer survivors assessed by event‐related potentials
Authors: Lähteenmäki Päivi M. , Holopainen Irma , Krause Christina M. , Helenius H. , Salmi Toivo T. , Heikki Lang A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundNeurophysiological methods were applied to examine subtle central nervous system (CNS) adverse effects for adolescent childhood cancer survivors. We analyzed auditory event‐related potentials (ERPs)—P300 and MMN/P3a complex—to find out whether there was impaired attention orientation in asymptomatic cancer survivors, and whether these ERP methods could be used as more objective tools in detecting those survivors who might need academic testing. Previous clinical studies of P300 have focused on leukemia survivors. MMN for cancer survivors has not been reported.ProcedureThe subjects were survivors of childhood leukemia (n=11) and solid tumors (n=8), as well as healthy controls (n=10). The mean age was 15.5 years for survivors and 15.9 years for controls. Pure sine‐wave tones (500 and 553 Hz, 100 ms) were used as stimuli in an oddball paradigm. The ERPs to frequency change were measured. MMN recordings were performed in a passive non‐attended situation where the subject was watching a voiceless video cartoon. P300 was produced thereafter, but in an active attend situation, by the same auditory oddball paradigm as MMN.ResultsA significant difference was detected between the groups for the latency of P300 at electrodes Cz (P = 0.03) and C4 (P = 0.05). The cancer survivors had prolonged P300 latencies as an indication of prolonged short‐term memory processing. The area and latency parameters of MMN did not differ significantly between the study groups, but in cancer survivors, the area and the mean amplitude of the subsequent P3a wave were diminished. The results indicate that the discrimination process was not as easy for the survivors as for the controls. However, it seems that in cancer survivors the basic mechanism starting attention shift to novel stimuli is not impaired.ConclusionsThese results indicate that it is important to carefully evaluate the proper methods for the teaching of children who are survivors of malignancies. The auditory information may not always lead to the best possible learning results. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 36:442–450, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.