bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variety and results of the use of interventional oncoortopedic benefits for focal skeletal lesions
Authors: Shaposhnikov A. A. , Lazukin A. V. , Ukhvarkin A. P. , Dobrosotsky S. V. , Lagkueva I. D. , Teplyakov V. V. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The use of systemic drugs of special drug therapy in oncology is one of the key methods of treating patients including those with bone metastases. However, this does not always allow to eliminate the pain syndrome and avoid complications in the form of pathological fractures. Bone metastases often leave in the arsenal of oncologists’ mainly palliative agents, the main purpose of which is to reduce pain and improve the quality of life of patients.Aim. To analyze the results of minimally invasive interventions in the volume of percutaneous vertebroplasty, osteoplasty and radiofrequency thermoablation.Materials and methods. From 2015 to 2023, 488 patients on the basis of the Russian Scientific Center of Radioradiology underwent 716 interventional surgeries: 585 (81.7 %) percutaneous vertebroplastics, 103 (14.4 %) osteoplastics, 21 (2.9 %) radiofrequency thermoablasias, 7 (1 %) combined operations (radiofrequency thermoablasty + osteoplasty/vertebroplasty). Metastatic lesion was observed in 449 patients, benign tumors – in 38 (in 31 – hemangioma, in 7 – osteoid osteoma), borderline neoplasm (giant cell tumor) – in 1. Results were assessed by comparing measures of pain intensity in dependence on analgesic agents (by the visual analog scale (VAS) and Watkins scale), as well as motor activity levels (by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)) and neurological deficits (by the Frankel scale) before surgery, at the time of discharge and 3 months after surgery.Results. In patients with metastatic bone damage 3 months after surgery, a mean decrease in the intensity of pain syndrome according to VAS was noted from 5.8 to 3.2 points, on the Watkins scale - from 7.2 to 5.7 points; ECOG functional status increased from 2.5 to 1.5 points. In 67 % of patients with neurological deficiency (class D by the Frankel scale), an increase in neurological status (class E by the Frankel scale) was observed. In all patients treated for osteoid osteoma, pain relief and restoration of functional status (0 points by the VAS and ECOG scales) were noted by the 6th month of follow-up.Conclusion. According to the data obtained, the high effectiveness of the analgesic effect of interventional methods in patients with metastatic bone damage was noted. The use of vertebro- and osteoplasty allows to stabilize the affected segment of the skeleton (improve functional status and motor activity), and radiofrequency thermoablation – to achieve radicality of treatment in patients with osteoid osteoma.
Analyzing factors in adolescent girls' school dropout: Insights from slum area
Authors: Agrawat Preeti , G Raghavendra , Chakarvarti Meghna 
Published: February 2025

This paper identifies the challenges faced by girls in slum areas in accessing education. It assesses the factors contributing to early dropouts and education status in slum areas of Jaipur, Rajasthan. This research employs an exploratory study design with a mixed-method approach. Primary data was collected through interviews and semi-structured questionnaires involving 200 girls aged 12-20 from slum areas and government schools. Interviews with the girls provided in-depth insights while the semi-structured questionnaires allowed for systematic data gathering. Data from mothers, elder siblings and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) offered supplementary perspectives to triangulate and elaborate on the findings. The research identified several significant factors that impede girls' educational access in slum areas. These multifaceted challenges stem primarily from cultural, economic, and household factors and infrastructural deficiencies. Addressing the challenges through a multifaceted approach is imperative to reduce dropout rates and enhance educational outcomes for girls in slum communities. Many school-age girls have been prevented from accessing education due to a lack of awareness and the existence of various cultural beliefs. When girls reach the age of 15, many of them drop out. The findings advocate for a proactive stance in policy formulation and community engagement to ensure that every girl can pursue and complete her education. The study recommends targeted interventions by government and community engagement through supportive policies.
Anxiety, psychology and learning motivation in elementary school science learning: A correlational study
Authors: Syofyan Harlinda , Fadli Muhammad Rijal , Lestari Mas Roro Diah Wahyu , Pappachan Princy 
Published: February 2025

This study examines the relationship between anxiety, psychological factors and the motivation to learn science among elementary school students. The research employs a quantitative approach with a correlational design. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample which consisted of 438 elementary school students from Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were gathered through a questionnaire focused on the variables of interest. The data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the SMART-PLS 3.0 software. The findings reveal a significant value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) indicating a positive and significant relationship between anxiety, psychological conditions, and students' motivation to learn science. Anxiety and psychological factors are critical elements influencing students' motivation to learn. Teachers can better monitor students' learning progress by identifying and addressing these three factors. Properly managed anxiety and favorable psychological conditions can lead to enhanced motivation and support from teachers in fostering a conducive environment. Understanding students' psychological needs plays a crucial role in helping students achieve better academic outcomes in science.
Investigating the Association between Healthy Eating Index and Early Childhood Caries in Iranian Preschool Children: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mehrabkhani Maryam , Movahhed Taraneh , Nematy Mohsen , Hoseinzadeh Melika , Mohammadi Homeira 
Published: February 2025

Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is known as a main global dental problem in childhood period, which oral diet may play an important role in the occurrence of this complication. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and ECC in children living in Mashhad, Iran. Methods: In the current case-control study, 732 preschool children (aged 3–6 years) were examined for dental caries and then categorized into two groups of children with ECC, or who were Caries-Free (CF). Then, the HEI was measured by analyzing a validated food frequency questionnaire, which their parents were requested to complete. The association between HEI score and the prevalence of ECC was determined using logistic regression analysis. Results: The HEI for CF group was significantly higher than ECC group (P<0.001, CI 95%: 57.58-67.93 vs. 51.72-65.49), respectively). The mean scores of grain, milk, fruits, vegetables, and meat groups were significantly higher in CF group (P<0.001). Children in CF group were also more compliant with recommended intake of total fat (P<0.01) and cholesterol (P<0.001). Furthermore, CF children had a significantly more diverse food item intake (P<0.001). It is noteworthy to mention that, with each unit increase in HEI score, the odds of ECC decreased by 0.04 (P=0.01, OR=0.04). Conclusion: Caries prevalence in preschool children could be prevented by enhancing food quality.
Pharmacokinetics and Chicken Meat Residue of Tilmicosin after Administration Through Drinking Water in Broiler Chicken
Authors: Anurag Borthakur , Srinivasan Ramesh , Thangamalai Ramasamy , Raghavan Gokulakannan , Sesh P.S.L. , Tirumurugaan K.G. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Tilmicosin is an antimycoplasmic drug of great utility in controlling mycoplasmosis in chicken. The drug despite its efficacy, has a high residue impact leading to a long withdrawal period. In this study, an attempt has been made to rationalize the dosage to reduce the residue burden by adopting a lower dose. Methods: The dose of tilmicosin was arrived at based on a pilot study wherein different doses were administered, and the levels were checked in plasma and meat. In the main study, tilmicosin was administered to broiler chicken as a bolus oral dose or “in drinking water” at the dose rate of 25 mg. kg-1 body weight. Blood was collected at different time points for the study. A trial to assay drug residues in tissues was also carried out. The assay of tilmicosin in chicken plasma/tissues was done using a sensitive HPLC assay. Result: In both pharmacokinetics study groups, tilmicosin concentrations could be reasonably detected only in 4 of the eight birds tested. In the birds that responded, the mean plasma concentrations remained above the MIC values of 0.05 µg.ml-1. The residue level in the lung and muscle could be detected up to day 14, and no residue from 18th day, after administration of tilmicosin through drinking water. The lung, the organ of mycoplasma infection revealed high concentrations of tilmicosin up to 14 days after the last dose. The results show that the Tilmicosin administered at a reduced rate of 25 mg.Kg-1 can be useful therapeutically, with a reduced residue burden in broiler chicken.
Análise da ventilação natural em um CIAC
Authors: Silva Arthur do Nascimento , Xavier Ana Clara de Almeida , Lukiantchuki Marieli Azoia 
Published: February 2025

A ventilação natural é uma estratégia projetual eficiente para o alcance do conforto térmico por meios passivos, em climas quente e úmido, além de possibilitar uma melhora na qualidade do ar interno, principalmente em ambientes com alta densidade ocupacional, tais como as salas de aula. O projeto dos Centros de Integração de Apoio à Criança e ao Adolescente – CIAC, criado em 1990, foi desenvolvido por João Filgueiras Lima, Lelé. No entanto, muitas unidades foram implantadas com alterações no que foi proposto originalmente por Lelé, descaracterizando a concepção inicial do projeto. Um desses exemplos é o Colégio de Aplicação Pedagógica localizado na Universidade Estadual de Maringá (CAP/UEM). Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar a ventilação natural nas salas de aula no CAP/UEM, propondo alterações projetuais nos sheds, em relação ao projeto original. O método foi dividido em cinco etapas: caracterização do objeto de estudo; construção dos modelos físicos reduzidos; experimentos na mesa d´água; simulações computacionais e forma de análise dos resultados. Os resultados mostram que os sheds são eficazes para a ventilação e juntamente com as aberturas pivotantes, proporcionam uma ventilação cruzada adequada para as salas de aula. No entanto, a ventilação natural nas salas localizadas na região a sotavento tem um desempenho reduzido, apresentando uma pequena melhora através da alteração da dimensão dos sheds, tornando os dispositivos captadores mais altos do que os extratores. Além disso, a retirada do muro próximo à edificação ou a substituição por uma opção permeável possibilitaria uma ventilação adequada ao térreo da edificação.
Islamic Organisations, Inter-religious Philanthropy and Welfare in Disaster: Some Experiences from West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Triantini Zusiana Elly , Susetiawan Susetiawan , Mas'udi Wawan 
Published: February 2025

This article presents a case study of successful inter-religious philanthropy practices in the context of a natural disaster in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Previous studies have shown that inter-religious philanthropy often has a hidden ideological mission, prompting resistance from the local community. This study offers a new perspective by depicting the inter-religious philanthropy practices in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, after the 2018 earthquake. The data show that inter-religious philanthropists work as non-state actors mitigating post-disaster poverty with various programs. The findings also indicate that optimizing the inter-religious network and actors in disaster management of the 2018 earthquake, such as distributing aid to the victims-championed by Islamic organizations, such as Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, did not only help solve poverty and welfare problems but also strengthened inter-religious relations and solidarity in the community.
Environmental drivers of AMF Diversity and Community Composition of Robusta across Coffee Systems in Tshopo, DRC
Authors: Broeckhoven Ieben , Devriese Arne , Honnay Olivier , Merckx Roel , Verbist Bruno 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Robusta coffee, grown by 25 million farmers across more than 50 countries, plays an important role in smallholder farmers' livelihoods and the economies of many low-income countries. Despite robusta coffee’s growing economic importance, currently accounting for 43% of global coffee production, its association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) communities and how agricultural practices affect this association remains poorly understood. To address this, we characterised the AMF community composition of robusta coffee in part of its region of origin, the Democratic Republic of Congo. AMF diversity and community composition were compared between coffee monoculture, agroforestry systems and wild robusta in its native rainforest habitat. Using Illumina sequencing on 304 root samples, we identified 307 AMF operational taxonomic units (OTUs), dominated by the genera Glomus and Acaulospora. OTU richness did not vary across the three studied systems, yet large differences in community composition were found. Many unique OTUs were only observed in the coffee in the rainforest. In general, lower available soil phosphorus (P) and lower soil bulk density increased AMF diversity, yet higher available soil P and pH increased AMF diversity in the wild forest coffee. Shifts in AMF community composition across coffee systems were driven by canopy closure, soil pH, available soil P and soil bulk density. Our study is the first to characterise mycorrhizal communities in wild robusta coffee in its region of origin and shows that even low-input agricultural practices result in major AMF community shifts as compared to a natural baseline.
Global incidence, prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for idiopathic epilepsy, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Chen Lin , Yang Miao , Zhang TianXiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: Epilepsy poses a significant global health burden. And idiopathic epilepsy (IE) constitutes a substantial proportion of epilepsy cases worldwide
Methods: First, numbers and age-standardized rates of incidence, prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were assessed globally and by sub-types in 2021. Furthermore, the temporal trend of the disease burden was explored by the linear regression model from 1990 to 2019. Finally, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was used to predict the future disease burden in the next 25 years.
Results: Exposure to IE contributed to 3272734 incidence, 24220856 prevalence, 139851 deaths, and 13877827 DALYs globally in 2021. Males were high-risk populations and higher socio-demographic index (SDI) regions were high-risk areas. The disease burden varied considerably across the GBD regions and the countries. From 1990 to 2021, the number of cases increased. The predicted results showed that the number of cases for both genders would still increase from 2022 to 2046.
Conclusion: In conclusion, IE has threatened public health globally. More proactive and effective strategic measures should be developed after considering global-specific circumstances.
Development of a Prognostic Model for Preoperative Stage I-III Breast Cancer Using Machine Learning with Integrated Cone-Beam Breast Computed Tomography Data in the Context of 3P Medicine
Authors: Zhao Yang , Deng Wenjuan , Zhou Shanshan , Kang Wei , Wei Wei , Huang Caiyun , Su Danke , Liu Haizhou 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The lack of reliable prognostic predictors in breast cancer undermines the efficacy of its prediction, prevention, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) approach. This study aimed to develop an integrated model based on cone-beam breast computed tomography (CBBCT) and hematological indicators to predict the prognosis of preoperative stage I-III breast cancer.
Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 243 patients with pathologically confirmed stage I-III breast cancer. A new machine learning framework for feature selection integrated 10 machine learning algorithms and their 101 combinations. After feature selection, the patient risk score was calculated to construct a nomogram model for breast cancer prognosis. The nomogram model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calibration curve. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses verified the screened features and determined independent risk factors.
Results: A machine learning computational framework based on 101 combinations selected 12 prognostic indicators of overall survival (OS) and 18 disease-free survivals (DFS) from 37 CBBCT and hematological features. The entire model achieved an AUC value of 0.837 in the training dataset and 0.813 in the validation dataset, which is superior to the clinical model without CBBCT indicators regarding OS prediction performance. Similarly, the AUC of the training and validation sets for DFS prediction was 0.996 and 0.732. Molecular typing, Enhancement curve types, and Morphology were independent risk factors associated with OS in the clinical prediction model. Calcification was an independent risk factor associated with DFS. We constructed a nomogram model combining the above features.
Conclusions: Our study screened prognostic-related CBBCT and hematological features, and the nomogram showed satisfactory preoperative predictive efficacy for stage I-III breast cancer. It can be incorporated into the PPPM framework to help clinicians make more accurate treatment decisions.
Serological assessment of PRO-C16 (type XVI collagen formation) reflects intestinal fibrostenotic strictures in patients with Crohn’s disease
Authors: Mortensen Joachim Høg , Lindholm Majken , Langholm Lasse , Giuffridda Paolo , Ruane Darren , Manon-Jensen Tina , Mazza Giuseppe , Caprioli Flavio , Pastorelli Luca , Bay-Jensen Anne-Christine , Pinzani Massimo , Karsdal Morten Asser , Sabatino Antonio Di 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Fibrostenotic stricturing disease affects 30–50% of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) leading to intestinal resection. Currently, there exists a great medical need to identify biomarkers related to fibrostenotic strictures for optimized patient management. Thus, we investigated PRO-C16 as a biomarker for intestinal fibrosis in patients with CD.
Methods
Human serum from two independent cohorts of CD patients (cohort 1: n = 44, cohort 2:n = 52), healthy subjects(n = 37), and serum from a chronic rat dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) colitis model were included. The Montreal classification for CD disease behavior was applied for patient phenotyping.
Results
PRO-C16 was significantly elevated in patients with CD compared to healthy donors (P < 0.001), and in CD patients with fibrostenotic strictures in both cohorts. Furthermore, PRO-C16 was able to separate CD patients with strictures(B2) from CD patients without strictures (B1 and B3) (Cohort 1 [P < 0.01, AUC:0.75], and Cohort 2 [P < 0.05, AUC:0.71). In the chronic DSS rat colitis model, PRO-C16 was significantly elevated after the second and fourth cycle of DSS, reflective of collagen deposition in that model
Conclusion
The biomarker PRO-C16 was significantly associated with stricturing disease phenotype, indicating that PRO-C16 may be employed as a marker of intestinal fibrosis in CD, with the potential to aid in the clinical development of novel stromal-immune therapeutic agents.
Enhancing the Efficiency of Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Modules through Finned Heat Pipe-Based Cooling: A Performance Analysis
Authors: Supriyono Toto , Omar Ghazali , Tamaldin Noreffendy , Ariantara Bambang , Soetikno Priyono , Sumartono Muhammad Rizki , Yamin Mohamad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Photovoltaic modules (PVM) are susceptible to temperature fluctuations. Increasing the PVM temperature may affect performance. During operation, a cooling system is required in the PVM to reduce its working temperature and improve its performance. This study aims to investigate a finned heat pipe-based backside cooling system to cool a 120W monocrystalline PVM while maintaining its performance. The research methodology included a one-group uncooled test and a cooled test. The uncooled and cooled PVM tests were subjected to a 14-day testing period. During testing, weather conditions varied between sunny and cloudy. The measurement results showed that the average efficiency increased by 27.8% from 10.1% to 12.9%, the average power output increased by 16.5% from 21.0 W to 24.5 W, and the average temperature decreased by 1.3% from 44.7°C to 44.1°C. Installing the finned heatpipe-based cooling system on the back of a 120 W monocrystalline PVM improves its performance. Due to the simple construction and lack of power consumption, the method has enormous potential as a thermal management system for PVM. This research provides new insights and techniques for cooling PVMs with a 120 W capacity, utilizing heat pipes as cooling systems. Moreover, the cooling system can be applied to other PVM capacities.
Examined the Impact of Air Pollution on Corporate Total Factor Productivity Through Investor Sentiment and Government Attention
Authors: Hussain Sajid , Abubakar Muhammad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Governments have encouraged environmentally sustainable practices within firms to stimulate technological advancements to foster green economic growth. From 2015 to 2024, this investigation evaluated the influence of air pollution on the total factor productivity of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen. It investigated two mechanisms: government attention and investor sentiment. The results indicated a negative correlation between corporate productivity and air pollution, as contaminant emissions impeded efficiency improvements. As a result of environmental concerns, investor sentiment declined, which incited companies to implement more environmentally friendly practices. Furthermore, the government's attention to air pollution resulted in regulatory measures that impacted corporate behavior. The heterogeneity analysis revealed variations in the data based on the enterprise's proprietorship. These discoveries offer policymakers valuable insights into the delicate balance between environmental sustainability and industrial expansion.