bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex-specific growth and lifespan effects of germline removal in the dioecious nematodeCaenorhabditis remanei
Authors: Lind Martin I , Mautz Brian S , Carlsson Hanne , Hinas Andrea , Gudmunds Erik , Maklakov Alexei A 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGermline regulates the expression of life-history traits and mediates the trade-off between reproduction and somatic maintenance. However, germline maintenance in itself can be costly, and the costs can vary between the sexes depending on the number of gametes produced across the lifetime. We tested this directly by germline ablation using glp-1 RNAi in a dioecious nematodeCaenorhabditis remanei. Germline removal strongly increased heat-shock resistance in both sexes, thus confirming the role of the germline in regulating somatic maintenance. However, germline removal resulted in increased lifespan only in males. High costs of mating strongly reduced lifespan in both sexes and obliterated the survival benefit of germline-less males even though neither sex produced any offspring. Furthermore, germline removal reduced male growth before maturation but not in adulthood, while female growth rate was reduced both before and especially after maturation. Thus, germline removal improves male lifespan without major growth costs, while germline-less females grow slower and do not live longer than reproductively functional counterparts in the absence of environmental stress. Overall, these results suggest that germline maintenance is costlier for males than for females.
PHEIGES, all-cell-free phage synthesis and selection from engineered genomes
Authors: Levrier Antoine , Karpathakis Ioannis , Nash Bruce , Bowden Steven D. , Lindner Ariel B. , Noireaux Vincent 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBacteriophages constitute an invaluable biological reservoir for biotechnology and medicine. The ability to exploit such vast resources is hampered by the lack of methods to rapidly engineer, assemble, package genomes, and select phages. Cell-free transcription-translation (TXTL) offers experimental settings to address such a limitation. Here, we describe PHage Engineering by In vitro Gene Expression and Selection (PHEIGES) using T7 phage genome and Escherichia coli TXTL. Phage genomes are assembled in vitro from PCR-amplified fragments and directly expressed in batch TXTL reactions to produce up to 1011PFU/ml engineered phages within one day. We further demonstrate a significant genotype-phenotype linkage of phage assembly in bulk TXTL. This enables rapid selection of phages with altered rough lipopolysaccharides specificity from phage genomes incorporating tail fiber mutant libraries. We establish the scalability of PHEIGES by one pot assembly of such mutants with fluorescent gene integration and 10% length-reduced genome.
Phylogenomics reveals an almost perfect polytomy among the almost ungulates (Paenungulata)
Authors: Bowman Jacob , Enard David , Lynch Vincent J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhylogenetic studies have resolved most relationships amongEutherianOrders. However, the branching order of elephants (Proboscidea), hyraxes (Hyracoidea), and sea cows (Sirenia) (i.e., thePaenungulata) has remained uncertain since at least 1758, when Linnaeus grouped elephants and manatees into a single Order (Bruta) to the exclusion of hyraxes. Subsequent morphological, molecular, and large-scale phylogenomic datasets have reached conflicting conclusions on the branching order withinPaenungulates. We use a phylogenomic dataset of alignments from 13,388 protein-coding genes across 261Eutherianmammals to infer phylogenetic relationships withinPaenungulates. We find that gene trees almost equally support the three alternative resolutions ofPaenungulaterelationships and that despite strong support for aProboscidea+Hyracoideasplit in the multispecies coalescent (MSC) tree, there is significant evidence for gene tree uncertainty, incomplete lineage sorting, and introgression amongProboscidea,Hyracoidea, andSirenia. Indeed, only 8-10% of genes have statistically significant phylogenetic signal to reject the hypothesis of aPaenungulatepolytomy. These data indicate little support for any resolution for the branching orderProboscidea,Hyracoidea, andSireniawithinPaenungulataand suggest thatPaenungulatamay be as close to a real, or at least unresolvable, polytomy as possible.
Paint company’s entry decision into putty market
Authors: Laddha Seema 
Published: December 2023

Learning outcomes
After completion of the case study, students will be able to understand the putty industry, consumer behaviour for putty, comparative advantage of putty to different industries and within industry and market entry strategy for newly introduced product.

Case overview/synopsis
Putty market in India grew at a compound annual growth rate of 15% over the period FY07–FY20. Many organized and unorganized players entered the putty market since its introduction. Putty was invented by cement companies to increase offtake of cement which otherwise declined owing to reduced use of marble. Painters are purchasing putty to be used before the paint to improve the texture of the walls and to fill cracks. Therefore, to take advantage of distribution channels and dealers’ network, paint companies introduced putty. Consumers, who use putty to improve aesthetics of their home, have very less knowledge about putty. They depend on painter or contractor for it. XYZ colourant company wanted to enter the white putty market to use the market opportunity along with coloured putty for economic project where cost is the constraint. This case study culminates with the probing question about the peculiarity of industry where two different industries are involved for the same product. This case study is designed to understand the target consumers’ behaviour and the entry decisions of the company to the growing market.

Complexity academic level
This case study is designed for use in second-year management programmes, especially for the students of strategic management and marketing strategy courses.

Supplementary material
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Value Ingredients Private Limited: engaging farmers for achieving triple bottom line
Authors: Koride Padmavathi , Venkatagiri Sirish , L. Ganesh 
Published: December 2023

Learning outcomes
After completion of this case study, students will be able to apply the triple bottom line concept to a spice manufacturing and export company (RBT 3); to examine the options before Value Ingredients Private Limited (VIPL), namely, to cultivate spices in the traditional way versus adopting integrated pest management (IPM) to cater to international markets (RBT 4); to analyse the returns for an IPM farmer vis-à-vis a conventional farmer, and to compare the returns therein (RBT 4); and to evaluate the ways and means of engaging farmers to change their way of cultivation (RBT 5)

Case overview/synopsis
The COVID-19 pandemic heightened awareness about the benefits of spices and buoyed its demand worldwide, which presented an opportunity to VIPL, a spice manufacturing company based in Chennai, to expand its business. However, the export markets demanded residue-free spices grown with little or no use of pesticides. Traditional farmers supplying spices to VIPL were accustomed to spraying pesticides whenever there was a pest attack. This case study discussed the options that the protagonist Mr Sijil Karim, managing director and CEO of VIPL, had, who wanted to onboard farmers for pesticide-free cultivation. The options before him were either to continue traditional farming or adopt IPM. This case study discussed the merits, demerits and challenges of each of these options.
The triple bottom line concept discussed three Ps – people, planet and prosperity – for this case as follows: The farmers and the consumers constituted the people in the spice supply chain. The farmers supplying organic, export-worthy spices under the guidance of VIPL gained 30% more than regular spice farmers, which were accrued through cost savings and better prices. The consumers benefitted from the pesticide-free, organic spices through accrued health gains. The manufacture of organic, pesticide-free spices helped the planet, as the process did not release hazardous chemicals into the atmosphere. VIPL manufactured pesticide-free spice with a focus on prosperity.

Complexity academic level
The case study can be introduced in a course on sustainability while discussing the triple bottom line concept. This case study showed how a for-profit company grew without losing sight of the planet or its focus on people. This case is best suited for students who have preliminary knowledge of supply chain management, operations and sustainability. Therefore, it is suited for sophomore-year students of MBA.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
The linkages between antecedents, processes and outcomes of internship
Authors: Poltimäe Helen , Rõigas Kärt , Lorenz Anneli 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify how different factors of antecedents and processes affect the outcomes of an internship, measured in terms of competency development.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used an internship questionnaire designed for the University of Tartu in Estonia. Responses were obtained from 178 students across different disciplines – humanities and the arts, social sciences, natural sciences and medicine – who had recently taken an internship. Based on current academic literature, the authors create a three-level model: antecedents-processes-outcomes. The antecedents and processes were both differentiated into three factors and tested with a structural equation model.FindingsThe model demonstrates that there are different antecedents that have an effect on internship outcomes, but these only work through internship processes. For example, the objective of the internship and clarity of instructions will only have a positive effect if there is relevant support from the supervisor at the employing company and if the student can use the knowledge and skills gained at university.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is based on survey data filled in by students, i.e. based on self-perception. Based on the results of the study, the authors claim that an active role and initiative-taking by students in finding suitable internships should be further encouraged.Originality/valueWhilst previous studies have used a two-level model of internship (or a three-level model for students satisfaction as an outcome) the authors create and test a three-level model measuring competency development as the outcome of an internship.
Worldwide research productivity on transformational learning: a scientometric study
Authors: Shekhar Suraj Kushe , Kandoth Sneha , Mohanan Mrudhusha 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
A process of learning that goes beyond merely acquiring knowledge and supports significant ways in which learners intentionally create meaning in their lives is known as transformational learning. This study aims to contribute to the relevant body of knowledge by conducting a bibliometric analysis of transformational learning studies. The study analyzed the literature by covering established and new sectors and suggesting a greater focus on the thriving education sectors.

Design/methodology/approach
The research used Biblioshiny, a Web interface, to conduct a bibliometric analysis of transformational learning and related studies included in the Scopus database. The results were interpreted under sections like data set, sources, authors, documents, clustering, conceptual structure, intellectual structure and social structure.

Findings
The results indicated decent literature in the chosen field of research. The USA was the leading contributor to scientific production and research. Workplace learning and spirituality were the subjects that received the most significant attention and were at the center of the discipline. The primary topic of transformational learning denoted a crucial but underdeveloped sector. Issues like emotional intelligence, change management, transformational learning, etc. were developed very well with inside associations but feeble exterior associations and were of less importance.

Originality/value
This study maps the structure of transformational learning research and defines the important contributors in terms of authors, journals and organizations that may be used as input for future research. The report also proposes potential future research directions in the knowledge domain. The report also suggests the consequences and potential future research fields. The study outputs will aid researchers in developing evidence-based programs focusing on the learning communities’ benefit.
Comprehending the research on the gig economy: a bibliometric approach
Authors: Guduru Shravani , Santhanam Nivethitha , Pushparaj Nancyprabha 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to quantitatively explore the trends and patterns of the existing literature in the gig economy.Design/methodology/approachUsing a total of 1,707 documents retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, bibliometric analysis using R-Biblioshiny and VOSviewer software was performed to map the studies in the gig economy.FindingsThe paper provides information on the most productive authors, countries and journals, as well as the emerging themes in gig research. It highlights the most prolific authors, with a notable presence from the USA and the UK, which are also the countries with the most publications and citations. China has also emerged prominently, both in terms of the number of publications and its involvement in thematic clusters and trending topics. Through co-word analysis and thematic clustering, the study provides information about emerging themes in gig economy studies, such as labor, technology, management and precarity. The results provide insightful information for comprehending the effects of gig labor in the contemporary workforce.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides a comprehensive overview of the scholarly literature related to the gig economy, exploring the key insights by highlighting the evolving trends in gig research.Originality/valueBy mapping thematic clusters, tracking research evolution and identifying trending topics, it provides a unique perspective on the field's development and emerging areas of focus. It serves as a valuable means for addressing the challenges and opportunities presented by the gig economy.
Home, unsweet home – effect of homeownership on financial investments of Indian households
Authors: Lahiri Shreya , Biswas Shreya 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThe study analyzes the relationship between homeownership and financial investment of households in the context of emerging markets like India. It also examines how homeownership affects the portfolio decisions of Indian households.Design/methodology/approachUsing the nationally representative All-India Debt and Investment Survey of 2019 and employing an instrumental variable approach, the authors analyze the relationship between homeownership and the share of financial assets held by Indian households. The study also employs several sensitivity checks, including alternate estimation techniques and alternative definitions of the housing variables, and accounts for additional factors to ensure that the authors are able to capture the effect of homeownership on the outcome variable.FindingsThe analysis suggests homeownership crowds out financial investment in India due to high repair and maintenance costs. The negative effect is mainly observed in urban households. Further, the findings imply that homeownership leads households to reallocate their asset portfolio. Homeowners have a lower share in liquid short term deposits, indicating the high liquidity risk of their portfolios. On the other hand, homeownership increases the share of long term retirement funds along with no effect on risky asset share. The authors observe that the crowding out effect is more striking for younger households and poorer households with low income, and the effect is lower for indebted households.Practical implicationsThe findings underscore the need for financial awareness programs so that housing does not crowd out liquid investments of households. Additionally, the results highlight that policies should first focus on young and poor households as the negative effect is more prominent for these groups. Finally, there is scope for policies to support repair and maintenance costs incurred by vulnerable households to reduce the negative effect of housing on liquid financial investments.Originality/valueThis paper is among the few studies that provide insights into how homeownership relates to financial investment and portfolio decisions in the context of an emerging economy. Furthermore, the heterogeneous effects based on poor economic status and age underscore the need for complementary policies.
Nexus of liquidity creation, profitability and bank stability with the moderating role of corruption: an empirical analysis
Authors: Javid Misbah , Chandia Khurram Ejaz , Zaman Malik Qamar Uz 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the impact of liquidity creation (LC) on the profitability and stability of banks while considering the moderating role of corruption.

Design/methodology/approach
Panel data from 23 conventional banks and five Islamic banks in Pakistan spanning from 2008 to 2021 were used for analysis. The study used fixed effect and random effect models, along with the generalized method of moments estimation to ensure robustness of the results.

Findings
The study reveals a negative relationship between LC and banking profitability, but a positive association with banking stability. Additionally, corruption is found to play a moderating role in the relationship between LC, profitability and stability in the banking sector of Pakistan.

Research limitations/implications
The findings have practical implications for bank managers and investors, emphasizing the negative relationship between LC and profitability in Pakistan. Moreover, the study highlights the significant impact of corruption on bank performance, which can guide policymakers in formulating strategies to strengthen the banking sector and prevent financial turmoil in the future.

Originality/value
This study makes a significant contribution to the existing literature by examining the moderating role of corruption in the relationship between LC, profitability and stability in both conventional and Islamic banks.
Collaborative international online learning for the development of intercultural awareness: an experience with pre-service language teachers
Authors: Huertas-Abril Cristina A. , Palacios-Hidalgo Francisco Javier 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Considering the potential of Collaborative International Online Learning (COIL) for cross-boundaries interacting and collaborating effectively, this study aims to explore the intercultural awareness of pre-service language teachers after participating in a COIL project.

Design/methodology/approach
Following a quantitative research approach and an exploratory cross-sectional method, the authors administered a 13-item questionnaire to unveil the perceptions of 64 future language teachers from Spain after their online experience with counterparts from the USA.

Findings
Participants consider that COIL may have enhanced their intercultural and global awareness and equipped them with valuable skills and knowledge for the future, being women more positive than men. Moreover, the results also suggest that those participants who have not traveled abroad consider COIL to be a good opportunity to compensate for the lack of knowledge or experience with other cultures resulting from not having had the opportunity to visit other countries.

Practical implications
COIL needs to be seen as a powerful tool to promote global learning, intercultural understanding and the development of skills among students that will be vital for success in today’s interconnected world. Nevertheless, universities and teacher training centers need to rethink the preparation of future teachers for the increasing demands to prepare students for the requirements of the global world, and to do so, they need to consider that COIL may offer them significant benefits.

Originality/value
This work offers an interesting exploration of teachers’ attitudes toward COIL, providing insights into the potential of online collaboration for developing intercultural awareness.
Does a brief contact-based video intervention reduce public mental health stigma associated with psychosis in a collectivistic society? A randomised control study
Authors: Tan Audrina S.Y. , Mankiewicz Pawel D. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Internationally, among mental health difficulties, psychosis appears most stigmatised. Yet, research on mental health education specific to psychosis, including stigma reduction strategies, is limited. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a brief empirically informed indirect contact-based intervention (CBI) on reducing stigma associated with psychosis in the context of a Southeast Asian society.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 168 young adults were randomised into three groups, two intervention conditions and one active control. Stigmatisation levels were measured at pre-intervention, post-intervention and at a 30-day follow-up. Group differences in attitudes were analysed using a 3 × 3 two-way mixed-subjects ANOVA.

Findings
Results revealed that there were no significant differences in declared stigma between the three conditions. However, a significant effect of time on the improvement of attitudes was observed at post-intervention. This effect was not sustained at follow-up.

Social implications
Individual psychoeducational CBIs implemented in the context of collectivistic societies do not produce sustainable effects in the reduction of stigma. Although a transient desirable improvement in the attitudes occurs among individuals, this is subsequently counteracted by the influence of stigma existing on a systemic level. Therefore, public mental health education in collectivistic cultures should address societal mechanisms maintaining unhelpful perceptions of those with psychosis.

Originality/value
The study examined the effect of brief CBIs on the reduction of stigma associated with psychosis in a collectivistic society and demonstrated systemic limitations of individually delivered psychoeducational interventions.