bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PD-1 defines a distinct, functional, tissue-adapted state in Vδ1+ T cells with implications for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Davies Daniel , Kamdar Shraddha , Woolf Richard , Zlatareva Iva , Iannitto Maria Luisa , Morton Cienne , Haque Yasmin , Martin Hannah , Biswas Dhruva , Ndagire Susan , Munonyara Martina , Gillett Cheryl , O’Neill Olga , Nussbaumer Oliver , Hayday Adrian , Wu Yin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCheckpoint inhibition (CPI), particularly that targeting the inhibitory coreceptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), has transformed oncology. Although CPI can derepress cancer (neo)antigen-specific αβ T cells that ordinarily show PD-1-dependent exhaustion, it can also be efficacious against cancers evading αβ T cell recognition. In such settings, γδ T cells have been implicated, but the functional relevance of PD-1 expression by these cells is unclear. Here we demonstrate that intratumoral TRDV1 transcripts (encoding the TCRδ chain of Vδ1+ γδ T cells) predict anti-PD-1 CPI response in patients with melanoma, particularly those harboring below average neoantigens. Moreover, using a protocol yielding substantial numbers of tissue-derived Vδ1+ cells, we show that PD-1+Vδ1+ cells display a transcriptomic program similar to, but distinct from, the canonical exhaustion program of colocated PD-1+CD8+ αβ T cells. In particular, PD-1+Vδ1+ cells retained effector responses to TCR signaling that were inhibitable by PD-1 engagement and derepressed by CPI.
Segmentation‐enhanced gamma spectrum denoising based on deep learning
Authors: Lu Xiangqun , Zheng Hongzhi , Liu Yaqiong , Li Hongxing , Zhou Qingyun , Li Tao , Yang Hongguang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGamma spectrum denoising can reduce the adverse effects of statistical fluctuations of radioactivity, gamma ray scattering, and electronic noise on the measured gamma spectrum. Traditional denoising methods are intricate and require analytical expertise in gamma spectrum analysis. This paper proposes a segmentation‐enhanced Convolutional Neural Network‐Stacked Denoising Autoencoder (CNN‐SDAE) method based on convolutional feature extraction network and stacked denoising autoencoder to achieve gamma spectrum denoising, which adopts the idea of data segmentation to enhance the learning ability of the neural network. By dividing the complete gamma spectrum into multiple segments and then using the segmentation‐enhanced CNN‐SDAE method for denoising, the method can achieve adaptive denoising without manually setting the threshold. The experimental results show that our method can effectively achieve gamma spectrum denoising while retaining the characteristics of the gamma spectrum. Compared with traditional methods, the denoising speed and effectiveness have been significantly improved, and the proposed method demonstrates an approximately 1.72‐fold enhancement in smoothing performance than the empirical mode decomposition method. Furthermore, in terms of retaining gamma spectrum characteristics, it also achieves a performance improvement of approximately three orders of magnitude than the wavelet method.
An efficient load forecasting technique by using Holt‐Winters and Prophet algorithms to mitigate the impact on power consumption in COVID‐19
Authors: Waheed Waqar , Qingshan Xu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is strongly recommended to implement effective long‐term load forecasting for future power generation in the new architecture of the smart grid and buildings. This method is essential for the smart grid's stability, power demand estimation, and an improved energy management system, which will enhance integration between efficient demand response and distributed renewable energy sources. However, due to influencing elements including climatic, societal, and seasonal aspects, it is quite challenging to perform energy prediction with high accuracy. To estimate the load demand before and during the time period of the COVID‐19 paradigm with its diversity and complexity, the authors present and integrate time series forecasting techniques such as Holt‐Winters and Prophet algorithms. In comparison to the Holt‐Winters model, the Prophet model has shown to be more noise‐resistant. Additionally, the Prophet model surpasses the Holt‐Winters model according to the generalisability test of the two models by using the hourly driven power consumption data from Houston, Texas, USA. The resultant constraints and influential factors are discussed, and experimental results can be validated from the pivotal outcome.
Magnetic integration of a symmetrical LCL filter in the grid‐tied inverter with reduced EMI noise
Authors: Liu Xingyu , Liu Yitao , Yin Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHarmonics and electromagnetic interference (EMI) pose serious threats to the safety and efficiency of grid‐tied inverters. Although the inductor‐capacitor‐inductor (LCL) filter offers commendable harmonic suppression, it does not sufficiently mitigate leakage current and EMI caused by high‐frequency pulse‐width modulation (PWM). This paper examines the use of a symmetrical LCL filter to reduce the AC side leakage current in grid‐tied inverters. The symmetrical structure bolsters the conducted EMI suppression capability of the LCL filter. A magnetic integration scheme for symmetric LCL filters is introduced, and through thoughtful structural design, it achieves filter inductance integration on the EIE magnetic core. An experimental platform, equipped with a high‐frequency SiC‐MOSFET voltage source inverter with a 600 W output, is utilized. The LCL filter, symmetric LCL filter, and magnetic integrated symmetric LCL filter are contrasted, proving the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme. Furthermore, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed magnetic integration scheme significantly reduces the filter's volume and weight, thereby enhancing the power density of the grid‐tied inverter system.
Sharded War: seeing, not sharing
Authors: Merrin William , Hoskins Andrew 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe digital maelstrom of images, videos, messages, comments, uploaded via smartphones to Telegram and TikTok and globally remediated, place war today increasingly in plain sight. But visibility is no sign of recognition. Rather, social media shape sharded war, namely that which users experience through split, splintered, fractured, personalised, streamed and shattered feeds. Algorithmically, but also personally fed digital realities, make war as an always-on informational battle against everyone with a different opinion. In this way, using content-driven regulation, moderation and fact checking, to blunt the billions of shards of the horror of wars unfolding in Ukraine, Gaza and Israel, misses the target. Sharded war is ultimately unverified and uninspectable, in its paradoxical mix of personalised form and global scale, but also in exploiting the weakest link in the hierarchy of attention of regulators. Social media increasingly platform violence, threatening claims, narratives and realities, readily seen and experienced, but not shared.
The legitimation of conspiracy theories through manipulation
Authors: Demata Massimiliano 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the manipulation of discourse on Twitter at the basis of the climate lockdown
conspiracy theory. By analysing a dataset of tweets supporting the existence of climate lockdowns, the chapter looks
at how the categories traditionally employed to define manipulation in language are applied when manipulation takes
place in digital discourse. The new media is characterised by the expansion and re-elaboration of the classic dynamics
of textual production and interpretation, and this is particularly evident when digital and semiotic affordances are
used to manipulate discourse. The analysis of the climate change conspiracy theory proves that the architecture and
affordances of social media allow, or even encourage, or at least quietly
endorse, the legitimation of discourse through manipulation, especially news discourse.
How are linguistic changes in the 20th century to be studied?
Authors: Pons Bordería Salvador 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper analyzes the diffusion of linguistic change through a case study focusing on the adoption of
tío as a vocative and discourse marker in the 1970s and 1980s. Two strands of research are used to
explain this case: Firstly, Labov’s (2010) theory of diffusion in linguistic change
is used to provide essential insights about the groups of speakers who initiate and promote such changes. Second, philological
information is considered, encompassing factors beyond groups of speakers: the linguistic features of the constructions
involved in a change, the historical context in which the change occurred, the associated social practices, the influence of
specific locations (cities, neighborhoods), and also the impact of influential individuals in promoting one linguistic
solution over another. It is only when both sets of information are brought together that the necessary and sufficient
information about linguistic change can be achieved. The 20th century proves particularly suitable for conducting this type of
research.
Bestial and warm addressing forms in Mexican Spanish
Authors: Maldonado Ricardo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the evolution of two names for animals, buey ‘ox’ and cabrón
‘mail goat’, that have undergone a set of important semantic and pragmatic changes since the XIXth Century. The change from
offensive to warm and friendly addressing forms involved a series of semantic bleaching processes, mostly attested along the
XXth Century, that generated two independent, and yet, parallel networks of meanings. The loss of negative features led to the
emergence of vocative, anaphoric and discourse marking functions where the original offensive part of both words has become
almost imperceivable. It is claimed that cabrón has followed the pragmaticalization path of
buey yet in a more conservative manner, since its semantic network of meanings is still active in most
Hispanic dialects. Yet the pragmatic evolution of buey might characterize the Mexican dialect. The semantic
change of both forms is temporally located in the 1960s and it is seen as a reflex of crucial changes in Mexican contemporary
society.
Implementing the Multiperspectival Approach (MPA)
Authors: Hocking Darryl , Crichton Jonathan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a detailed account of the
researcher’s journey as they employ the Multiperspectival
Approach (MPA) to investigate the interplay between
communicative and creative practices within a university art and
design studio. The chapter identifies the key reasons that
attracted the researcher to MPA, the advantages it offered, its
impact on their project, its design and findings, and how MPA
was implemented. It concludes by considering the issues and
challenges that arose in the researcher’s use of MPA and how
these were addressed. Ultimately, the chapter serves to
illustrate the implementation of MPA as a practical ontology and
research heuristic for both traditional Applied Linguistic
studies and those that go beyond the focus on language education
and acquisition.
Multimodality
Authors: Chen Yixiong , Weninger Csilla , Lim Fei Victor 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Multimodality examines how language and other
resources (e.g., images and gestures) are integrated to make
meaning for communication. This chapter aims to introduce two
approaches to multimodality from a systemic-functional semiotic
perspective, namely social semiotics and systemic functional
multimodal discourse analysis (SF-MDA), and discuss their
applications in applied linguistics. Specifically, this chapter
begins with an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of the
two approaches, focusing on their shared functionalist origins
and the origin’s theoretical and methodological implications.
Next, the chapter discusses the affordance of social semiotics
and SF-MDA and highlights data collection procedures and
analytical processes in applied linguistic studies informed by
the two approaches. Finally, critiques of the two approaches are
addressed with multimodal research facilitated by eye-tracking
technology.
Conversation analysis
Authors: Markee Numa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces conversation analysis
to researchers who are not familiar with this methodology for
analyzing naturalistic language use and how it has been applied
to develop behavioral alternatives to cognitive approaches to
second language acquisition. Specifically, I: (1) review what CA
is; (2) discuss typical research questions in CA and how these
questions are generated; (3) outline how CA data are gathered,
transcribed and analyzed; (4) review turn-taking, repair,
sequence, and preference organization; (5) discuss ethical
issues in CA; (6) outline important critiques of CA and how CA
researchers have rebutted these criticisms; and (7) summarize
the arguments presented in this chapter with a view to promoting
a constructive, critical dialog between cognitive and
socially-oriented SLA researchers.
Doing conversation analysis
Authors: Markee Numa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Avoidance is one of the oldest strategies
identified in cognitive second language acquisition. Since
participants are hiding that they are avoiding using a
particular item of language, behavioral methodologies that
normally do not use introspection might seem ill-equipped to
identify dissimulation. However (based on Markee, 2011), I show here how
avoidance can be respecified and productively re-analyzed by
using a longitudinal CA methodology (see Markee, 2008) to trace how: (1)
ethnographic data that are “talked into relevance” by
participants can be used to demonstrate how avoidance is
verbally achieved in real time over time; and (2) based on
feedback from an anonymous reviewer, how CA methods can also
identify how different participants can simultaneously pursue
conflicting agendas.
Phenomenology
Authors: Ostovar-Namaghi Seyyed Ali 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter aims to showcase Phenomenology as
a research methodology by presenting EFL learners’ experience of
proficiency maintenance in a context where English has no social
function. The study started with a participant who was able to
maintain her proficiency and then sampled other participants who
shared the same experience through snowball sampling.
Transcendental phenomenology was chosen to explore the
participants’ subjective experience of the phenomenon under
study in an objective manner. To achieve this objective, a
reflexive account of the researcher’s preconceptions of
proficiency maintenance was written and bracketed as irrelevant
to the participants’ account of their experience. To present a
clear synopsis of the study, the chapter will explain why the
mode of inquiry was chosen, how it was implemented, and how the
challenges were addressed.
Conceptual design and simulation of a thermal matrix-type SFCL
Authors: Gui Zhixing , Wang Yu , Lu Jiming , Yan Zhongming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Simultaneous quench is a prerequisite for achieving high-rated voltage and current in superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) based on superconducting thin films. In this article, we propose the T-MSFCLs, i.e. the matrix-type SFCLs (MSFCLs) with thermally-assisted simultaneous quenches, to mitigate hotspot and dielectric breakdown problems. We present the typology of the non-isolated and isolated T-MSFCLs and develop a computational model for evaluating their quench performances. The short-circuit simulation results demonstrates that the quench propagation between SFCL elements is easy to establish and is self-sustaining in the non-isolated and the isolated T-MSFCLs due to an electric-thermal coupling. The effects of Jc
distribution and shunt layers on quench properties are studied. We find that T-MSFCLs always produce global quench despite having poor global uniformity

Δ

J
c

/

J
c

. The quench activation, quench development and the current-limiting properties of T-MSFCL are relevant to the parameters of shunt layers and the weakest SFCL element. The design parameters of the shunt layers are the main conditions for the maximum tolerance voltage and the maximum response rate of the T-MSFCL. By generalizing these findings, a method for capacity design of T-MSFCL is presented.
New lump solutions and several interaction solutions and their dynamics of a generalized (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear differential equation
Authors: Feng Yexuan , Zhao Zhonglong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we mainly focus on proving the existence of lump solutions to a generalized (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear differential equation. Hirota’s bilinear method and a quadratic function method are employed to derive the lump solutions localized in the whole plane for a (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear differential equation. Three examples of such a nonlinear equation are presented to investigate the exact expressions of the lump solutions. Moreover, the 3d plots and corresponding density plots of the solutions are given to show the space structures of the lump waves. In addition, the breath-wave solutions and several interaction solutions of the (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear differential equation are obtained and their dynamics are analyzed.
Post-Newtonian binary dynamics in the effective field theory of Horndeski gravity*
Authors: Wu 武 Wen-Hao 文浩 , Tang 汤 Yong 勇 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
General relativity has been very successful since its proposal more than a century ago. However, various cosmological observations and theoretical consistency still motivate us to explore extended gravity theories. Horndeski gravity stands out as one attractive theory by introducing only one scalar field. Here we formulate the post-Newtonian effective field theory of Horndeski gravity and investigate the conservative dynamics of inspiral compact binary systems. We calculate the leading effective Lagrangian for a compact binary and obtain the periastron advance per period. In particular, we apply our analytical calculation to two binary systems, PSR B 1534+12 and PSR J0737-3039, and constrain the relevant model parameters. This theoretical framework can also be systematically extended to higher orders.
Effect of full melt temperature sintering and semi-melt heat preservation sintering on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti3SiC2/Cu composites
Authors: Chen Biao , Zhang Rui , Liu Fuyan , Wu Chenlong , Zhang Huiming , Sun Miao , Tulugan Kelimu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The influence of sintering parameters on the microstructure, phase composition and mechanical property of the Ti3SiC2/Cu composites sintered by spark plasma sintering technique was investigated and the related sintering mechanism was clarified in detail. Results indicated that during the heating process, one part of the high energy adsorbed by the composites let Cu melt and fill the gaps inside the composites. Meanwhile, there’s different molten condition about Cu duel to different heating temperature that cause Cu fill in the most space between Ti3SiC2 particles. The other part of the energy caused to the local high temperature, contributing for the chemical reaction and the formation of TiCx and Cu3Si. Therefore, at the same heating rate, the composites showed better mechanical property and higher density with a longer heating time. The heating stage played an important role in the change of the mechanical property, microstructure and volume of the composites. During the holding stage, because the amount of the reactants significantly decreased, the related chemical reaction got slow and the energy needed during this stage was lower than that during the heating stage. And the particle of Ti3SiC2 need more time for moving to the space of Cu. Therefore, the higher the holding temperature, the more significant was the diffusion of the phases. The more uniform the phases, the higher was the density. When heating temperature (higher than holding temperature) cause Cu complete melt and holding temperature keep the Cu in semi-melt, there will be a more effective sintering method.
Reported harassment and mental ill-health in a Canadian prospective cohort of women and men in welding and electrical trades
Authors: Galarneau Jean-Michel , Durand-Moreau Quentin , Cherry Nicola 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Experience of psychosocial environments by workers entering trade apprenticeships may differ by gender. We aimed to document perceived harassment and to investigate whether this related to mental ill-health.

Methods
Cohorts of workers in welding and electrical trades were established, women recruited across Canada and men from Alberta. Participants were recontacted every 6 months for up to 3 years (men) or 5 years (women). At each contact, they were asked about symptoms of anxiety and depression made worse by work. After their last regular contact, participants received a “wrap-up” questionnaire that included questions on workplace harassment. In Alberta, respondents who consented were linked to the administrative health database that recorded diagnostic codes for each physician contact.

Results
One thousand eight hundred and eighty five workers were recruited, 1,001 in welding trades (447 women), and 884 in electrical trades (438 women). One thousand four hundred and nineteen (75.3%) completed a “wrap up” questionnaire, with 1,413 answering questions on harassment. Sixty percent of women and 32% of men reported that they had been harassed. Those who reported harassment had more frequently recorded episodes of anxiety and depression made worse by work in prospective data. In Alberta, 1,242 were successfully matched to administrative health records. Those who reported harassment were more likely to have a physician record of depression since starting their trade.

Conclusions
Tradeswomen were much more likely than tradesmen to recall incidents of harassment. The results from record linkage, and from prospectively collected reports of anxiety and depression made worse by work, support a conclusion that harassment resulted in poorer mental health.
Specialized metabolites degradation by microorganisms
Authors: Kumano Takuto 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Secondary metabolites are specialized metabolic products synthesized by plants, insects, and bacteria, some of which exhibit significant physiological activities against other organisms. Plants containing bioactive secondary metabolites have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. In developed countries, one-fourth of medicines directly contain plant-derived compounds or indirectly contain them via semi-synthesis. These compounds have contributed considerably to the development of not only medicine but also molecular biology. Moreover, the biosynthesis of these physiologically active secondary metabolites has attracted substantial interest and has been extensively studied. However, in many cases, the degradation mechanisms of these secondary metabolites remain unclear. In this review, some unique microbial degradation pathways for lignans and C-glycosides are explored.