bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nano‐Metal–Organic Frameworks Isolated in Mesoporous Structures
Authors: Zhang Songtao , Li Yuan , Zhuang Xiaoli , Hu Yaxun , Xu Kun , Zhang Guangxun , Pi Yecan , Tang Yijian , Hu Jinliang , Zang Rui , Qiu Ziming , Zhou Huijie , Yu Feng , Shakouri Mohsen , Pang Huan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs an alternative to bulk counterparts, metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles isolated within conductive mesoporous carbon matrices are of increasing interest for electrochemical applications. Although promising, a “clean” carbon surface is generally associated with poor compatibility and weak interactions with metal/ligand precursors, which leads to the growth of MOFs with inhomogeneous particle sizes on outer pore walls. Here, a general methodology for in situ synthesis of eight nanoMOF composites within mesochannels with high dispersity and stability are reported. Mesoporous polydopamine (mesoPDA)‐F127 nanospheres with unique surface chemistry, e.g., nanoconfined spaces, catechol functional groups, pyrrolic N doping, and hydrophilic PEO blocks, are found to be a suitable molecular platform. Sliced cross‐sectional TEM, HAADF‐STEM, and corresponding EDS elemental mapping, as well as nitrogen adsorption characterizations, are utilized to visualize the in situ growth process of ZIF‐8 nanoparticles. These careful analyses provides direct evidence that the highly dispersed ZIF‐8 is exclusively located inside the internal mesochannels. After moderate carbonization of the mesoPDA‐F127/ZIF‐8 nanocomposites, a prototype for a mesoporous carbon‐isolated ZIF‐8 nanostructure is achieved, which can regulate Zn2+ plating electrochemistry toward stable aqueous Zn batteries. This is the first report of the complete impregnation and even dispersion of nanoscale MOFs within the interior channels of mesoporous carbons.
Unveiling the Aging Effect at the Interface of N719 Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Adhikari Sunita G. , Gascooke Jason R. , Kloo Lars , Andersson Gunther G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe energy‐generating charge transportation in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) occurs at the photoanode interface, and degradation at the interface can severely impact the cell performance. The study investigates the degradation of DSSCs and the main factors causing the decrease in cell performance over time. The DSSCs investigated here maintain their stability in the dark but upon light exposure, the cell degraded. The surface‐sensitive techniques X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and neutral impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy (NICISS) are employed to investigate the change in the elemental and chemical composition at the electrode interface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is applied to investigate the change in functional groups throughout the dye TiO2 interface. The XPS and NICISS results confirm the penetration of Ix− (x = 1 or 3) species into the dye layer as the main reason for cell degradation. FTIR and UV–vis DRS show the interaction of electrolytes with the dye molecule resulting in changes in the dye structure under light resulting in cell degradation. The main reason for the cell degradation observed is the penetration of Ix− into the dye layer which further instigates changes in the dye molecule affecting the light absorption ability of the dye and thus, decreasing the generation of photoelectrons resulting in poor performance of the cell over time.
Single‐Step Fabrication of a 3D Stretchable Inductor with Multi‐jet Modeling Printing Technology
Authors: Ahn Jung‐Bin , Yoo Byungseok , Pines Darryll J. , Lazarus Nathan , Bowen David , Kim Soaram 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe development of flexible and stretchable electronic devices is crucial for advanced electronics, which necessitate inductors with stable performance under deformation. This work presents the fabrication of stretchable polymeric matrices for 3D inductors through a single‐step method via additive manufacturing. A multi‐jet modeling (MJM) type 3D printer is used to print a stretchable and rigid hybrid matrix by leveraging the features of high‐resolution and multi‐component printing techniques. Owing to the presence of access channels designed in multiple directions, the coil channel shows a clean and smooth surface with uniformity. A room‐temperature liquid metal, the eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) alloy, is encapsulated in the designated channels without any leakage under mechanical deformation. Electrical performance tests demonstrate that the MJM‐printed solenoid and toroid inductors maintain stable performance under bending and stretching deformations, which is suitable for soft electronic applications. Additionally, a flexible helical structured inductor is fabricated and tested as a wireless power receiver inductor. It generated an output voltage of more than 10 V, sufficient to power a red LED light bulb. These results highlight the simplicity and effectiveness of multi‐jet 3D printing for fabricating a stretchable and rigid hybrid matrix for the inductors at once, with excellent mechanical deformability and electrical performance.
Confined MnO Nanoparticles Within Thin Carbon Tubes: Sustained Catalysts for the Synthesis of Biomass‐Derived Diol Polymer Platforms
Authors: You Sijin , Jung Hanbyeol , Jang June Young , Lee Jong Doo , Son Seung Uk 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis work suggests a synthetic strategy for the development of durable metal oxide heterogeneous nanocatalysts used for the conversion of biomass into polymer platforms. MnO2 nanowires are coated with conjugated microporous polymers. Successive calcination under argon results in the generation of MnO nanoparticles confined within carbon tubes (CTs). The resultant MnO@CTs show good catalytic performance in the transesterification of dimethyl furan dicarboxylate with various diols to polymer platforms, furan diols. While commercial MnO nanoparticles show poor durability, due to their facile aggregation, the optimal MnO@CT‐1 shows excellent recyclability and durability.
ACSL1 Aggravates Thromboinflammation by LPC/LPA Metabolic Axis in Hyperlipidemia Associated Myocardial Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Jiang Shuai , Lin Xueguang , Chen Bo , Chen Gang , Kwan Kristine J.S. , Liu Jing , Sun Qi , Wang Jie , Lu Yijie , Tong Jindong , Deng Ying , Yu Bo , Tang Jingdong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with well‐established metabolic risk factors, especially hyperlipidemia and obesity. Myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury (mIRI) significantly offsets the therapeutic efficacy of revascularization. Previous studies indicated that disrupted lipid homeostasis can lead to lipid peroxidation damage and inflammation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the study demonstrates that hyperlipidemia is a key driver of mIRI. Long‐chain fatty acyl‐CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) is upregulated in both hyperlipidemia and AMI patients. ACSL1 expression is induced by a high‐fat microenvironment (oxLDL and palmitic acid) in a concentration‐dependent manner. Interestingly, the protein level is positively correlated with total cholesterol level and thromboinflammatory biomarkers. Furthermore, ACSL1 reprogrammed lipid metabolism in monocytes, leading to the accumulation of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)/lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). The monocytic LPC/LPA axis accelerated lipid peroxidation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)‐induced thromboinflammation via the paracrine effect. The main LPA producer Autotaxinis is also induced under high‐fat conditions and then exerts thromboinflammation response through converted LPC to LPA. Finally, ACSL1 knockdown or NETs release inhibitor (DNase I or GSK484) significantly alleviated mIRI in mice. These findings highlight ACSL1 and NETosis as potential key targets for preventing mIRI and underscore the lipid peroxidation in the mechanisms of ACSL1‐mediated thromboinflammation.
An Insect Effector Mimics Its Host Immune Regulator to Undermine Plant Immunity
Authors: Fu Jianmei , Li Shuai , Li jing , Zhao Zhichang , Li Jing , Tan Xinyang , Yu Shan , Jing Maofeng , Zhu‐Salzman Keyan , Fang Jichao , Ji Rui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlants activate defense machinery when infested by herbivorous insects but avoid such costs in the absence of herbivory. However, the key signaling pathway regulators underlying such flexibility and the mechanisms that insects exploit these components to disarm plant defense systems remain elusive. Here, it is reported that immune repressor 14‐3‐3e in rice Oryza sativa (OsGF14e) regulates immune homeostasis. Infestation with brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens decreased OsGF14e expression; however, the level of downregulation is limited both by the short duration and the specific feeding location. OsGF14e interacts with Enhanced Disease Resistance 1‐like (OsEDR1l), a Raf‐like MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK), and repressed jasmonic acid, jasmonic acid‐isoleucine, and H2O2 accumulation by enhancing OsEDR1l abundance and signaling ability. OsGF14e and OsEDR1l overexpression renders rice susceptible to BPH, whereas their knockout increases plant resistance but compromises rice growth and grain yield. Intriguingly, BPH 14‐3‐3e protein (Nl14) that shares high sequence homology and structural similarity with OsGF14e is identified from BPH saliva and egg‐associated secretions. Mediated through BPH feeding and oviposition, Nl14, similar to OsGF14e, interacts with OsEDR1l and triggers the OsEDR1l signaling, thereby suppressing plant defenses and facilitating BPH infestation. Apparently, structural and functional mimicry makes it possible for this newly discovered BPH effector to exploit rice OsGF14e‐EDR1l immune suppression module. The results reveal a novel mechanism deployed by herbivorous insects, in a manner similar to certain pathogen effectors, to evade host plant defenses by mimicking host immune regulators.
Organizational Principles of the Primate Cerebral Cortex at the Single‐Cell Level
Authors: Chen Renrui , Nie Pengxing , Ma Liangxiao , Wang Guang‐Zhong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe primate cerebral cortex, the major organ for cognition, consists of an immense number of neurons. However, the organizational principles governing these neurons remain unclear. By accessing the single‐cell spatial transcriptome of over 25 million neuron cells across the entire macaque cortex, it is discovered that the distribution of neurons within cortical layers is highly non‐random. Strikingly, over three‐quarters of these neurons are located in distinct neuronal clusters. Within these clusters, different cell types tend to collaborate rather than function independently. Typically, excitatory neuron clusters mainly consist of excitatory‐excitatory combinations, while inhibitory clusters primarily contain excitatory‐inhibitory combinations. Both cluster types have roughly equal numbers of neurons in each layer. Importantly, most excitatory and inhibitory neuron clusters form spatial partnerships, indicating a balanced local neuronal network and correlating with specific functional regions. These organizational principles are conserved across mouse cortical regions. These findings suggest that different brain regions of the cortex may exhibit similar mechanisms at the neuronal population level.
Unveiling a Tunable Moiré Bandgap in Bilayer Graphene/hBN Device by Angle‐Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
Authors: Xiao Hanbo , Gao Han , Li Min , Chen Fanqiang , Li Qiao , Li Yiwei , Li Can , Wang Meixiao , Zhu Fangyuan , Yang Lexian , Wang Shiyong , Miao Feng , Chen Yulin , Chen Cheng , Cheng Bin , Liu Jianpeng , Liu Zhongkai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOver the years, great efforts have been devoted in introducing a sizable and tunable band gap in graphene for its potential application in next‐generation electronic devices. The primary challenge in modulating this gap has been the absence of a direct method for observing changes of the band gap in momentum space. In this study, advanced spatial‐ and angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy technique is employed to directly visualize the gap formation in bilayer graphene, modulated by both displacement fields and moiré potentials. The application of displacement field via in situ electrostatic gating introduces a sizable and tunable electronic bandgap, proportional to the field strength up to 100 meV. Meanwhile, the moiré potential, induced by aligning the underlying hexagonal boron nitride substrate, extends the bandgap by ≈20 meV. Theoretical calculations effectively capture the experimental observations. This investigation provides a quantitative understanding of how these two mechanisms collaboratively modulate the band gap in bilayer graphene, offering valuable guidance for the design of graphene‐based electronic devices.
Optimizing Biomimetic 3D Disordered Fibrous Network Structures for Lightweight, High‐Strength Materials via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Yang Yunhao , Bai Runnan , Gao Wenli , Cao Leitao , Ren Jing , Shao Zhengzhong , Ling Shengjie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract3D disordered fibrous network structures (3D‐DFNS), such as cytoskeletons, collagen matrices, and spider webs, exhibit remarkable material efficiency, lightweight properties, and mechanical adaptability. Despite their widespread in nature, the integration into engineered materials is limited by the lack of study on their complex architectures. This study addresses the challenge by investigating the structure‐property relationships and stability of biomimetic 3D‐DFNS using large datasets generated through procedural modeling, coarse‐grained molecular dynamics simulations, and machine learning. Based on these datasets, a network deep reinforcement learning (N‐DRL) framework is developed to optimize its stability, effectively balancing weight reduction with the maintenance of structural integrity. The results reveal a pronounced correlation between the total fiber length in 3D‐DFNS and its mechanical properties, where longer fibers enhance stress distribution and stability. Additionally, fiber orientation is also considered as a potential factor influencing stress growth values. Furthermore, the N‐DRL model demonstrates superior performance compared to traditional approaches in optimizing network stability while minimizing mass and computational cost. Structural integrity is significantly improved through the addition of triple junctions and the reduction of higher‐order nodes. In summary, this study leverages machine learning to optimize biomimetic 3D‐DFNS, providing novel insights into the design of lightweight, high‐strength materials.
High‐Coordination and Nb‐Bridging of Bimetallic Amorphous P6‐Nb‐W‐P5 Clusters in Carbon Nanospheres for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors
Authors: Hu Shuxiao , Liu Baoquan , Zeng Fanyan , Pan Yang , Ma Dui , Xie Meilan , Luo Shenglian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAmorphous clusters are gaining prominence as prospective hosts for sodium‐ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs), but their efficacy is still affected by atomic coordination. Optimization of ion storage and charge transport can be achieved through high coordination and bimetallic configurations. Herein, high‐coordination amorphous P6‐Nb‐W‐P5 (Nb/W‐P) clusters are skillfully tailored by bridging Nb into the second shell of W in the W‐P5 configuration, nested in situ in conductive and stable N, P co‐doped carbon nanospheres (Nb/W‐P@NPC). Such clusters with high atom utilization can offer profuse Na+ storage sites due to their high coordination. As an electron donor, Nb‐bridging can subtly modify the electronic structure of clusters, and broaden the hybridization of d‐p orbitals, thus improving charge transfer efficiency and fostering diversified active sites. Compared with the low‐coordinated W‐PL@NPC and the high‐coordinated W‐P@NPC, the reversible capacity of Nb/W‐P@NPC upgrades to 556.3 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, alongside exceptional cycling stability at high rates. When integrated into SIHCs, the high energy density and high‐power output (223.6 and 9800 W kg−1) are achieved. By systematically exploring the effect of high coordination and bimetallic design on the storage efficacies of amorphous clusters, this study has greatly advanced the development of SIHC technologies.
Effect of in vivo reprogramming of astrocytes combined with exercise training on neurorepair in rats with spinal cord injury
Authors: Talifu Zuliyaer , Xu Xin , Du Huayong , Li Zehui , Wang Xiaoxin , Zhang Chunjia , Pan Yunzhu , Ke Han , Liu Wubo , Gao Feng , Yang Degang , Jing Yingli , Yu Yan , Du Liangjie , Li Jianjun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe inability of damaged neurons to regenerate and of axons to establish new functional connections leads to permanent functional deficits after spinal cord injury (SCI). Although astrocyte reprogramming holds promise for neurorepair in various disease models, it is not sufficient on its own to achieve significant functional recovery.MethodsA rat SCI model was established using a spinal cord impactor. Seven days postsurgery, adeno‐associated virus were injected to overexpress the transcription factors NeuroD1 and Neurogenin‐2 (Ngn2) in the spinal cord. The rats were then trained to walk on a weight‐supported treadmill for 4 weeks, starting 14 days after modeling. The effects of these interventions on motor and sensory functions, as well as spinal cord tissue repair, were subsequently evaluated.ResultsThe combination of NeuroD1 and Ngn2 overexpression with weight‐supported exercise training significantly improved gait compared to either intervention alone. The group receiving the combined intervention exhibited enhanced sensitivity in sensory assessments. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed increased colocalization of astrocytes and microtubule‐associated protein 2–positive neurons in the injury area. These effects were more pronounced than those observed with spinal cord tissue repair alone. Additionally, the combined intervention significantly reduced glial scarring and the size of the injury area.ConclusionExercise intervention enhances the reprogramming effects of astrocytes and restores motor function, yielding better results than either intervention alone.
Effectively simplified Adriamycin‐induced chronic kidney disease mouse model: Retro‐orbital vein injection versus tail‐vein injection
Authors: Watanabe Masaki , Takimoto Hayato R. , Hashimoto Kazuki , Ishii Yuki , Sasaki Nobuya 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the impact of administration routes in establishing the Adriamycin (ADR)‐induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) model. Using BALB/c mice, we compared the effects of conventional tail‐vein injection (TV10, 10 mg/kg) to those of retro‐orbital sinus (orbital vein) injection (OV10, 10 mg/kg; OV8, 8 mg/kg). The results indicated that the OV10 group exhibited CKD pathology similar to the TV10 group, with both groups demonstrating significantly higher urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (p < 0.05), tubular injury (p < 0.05), and degree of renal fibrosis (p < 0.05) than the OV8 group. No significant differences were observed between the OV10 and TV10 groups in urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, tubular injury, and degree of renal fibrosis. These findings demonstrated that retro‐orbital administration of 10 mg/kg ADR induces comparable effects to conventional tail‐vein administration. This technique's technical simplicity may improve experimental efficiency, reproducibility, and animal welfare in CKD research. In conclusion, this study validates the utility of retro‐orbital injection in CKD model establishment, demonstrating its potential to standardize and improve the reliability of future CKD research protocols.
Determination of H0$H_{0}$ and rd$r_d$ in Horava–Lifshitz Gravity Using DESI‐Y1 and SDSS‐IV Dataset: Alleviating the Hubble Tension
Authors: Chaudhary Himanshu , Debnath Ujjal , Pacif S. K. J. , Mustafa G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObservational data are used from Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (DESI‐Y1 and SDSS‐IV), the sample, and Cosmic Chronometers measurements to constrain key cosmological parameters within the framework of Hořava‐Lifshitz (HL) gravity. Specifically, the posterior distribution of Hubble constant (), the sound horizon (), and the running parameter is extracted, which governs the flow between the UV and Infra‐Red (IR) regimes. By treating as a free parameter, this approach remains independent of early‐Universe and recombination assumptions. These analysis yields , suggesting that the HL gravity model alleviates the Hubble tension, reducing the discrepancy from more than (between Planck and Riess) to approximately . Additionally, the model predicts , in alignment with values reported by the DESI‐Y1, and , which is in close agreement with the value predicted by the Planck collaboration. The spatial curvature parameter is , consistent with predictions from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), suggesting a flat Universe. Additionally, the running parameter is constrained to lie near its IR limit (), indicating a restoration of Lorentz invariance at cosmological scales and a behavior close to General Relativity. The viability of the Hořava–Lifshitz model is evaluated in comparison to the standard model using various Statistical Metrics.
The Impact of Ionic Liquids on the Thermomechanical and Biological Properties of Polymer‐CNT Composites
Authors: Ahmad Aqeel , Nazar Masooma , Mahmood Hamayoun , Sharif Faiza , Al‐Hamouz Othman Charles S. , Moniruzzaman Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites that incorporate hydroxyapatite (HA) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) exhibit significant potential for biomedical applications. Despite this, getting MWCNTs evenly distributed throughout the PEEK matrix remains challenging. This study investigates the effects of two ionic liquids (ILs) at varying quantities on the mechanical and biological characteristics of composites made of PEEK and MWCNTs. The concentrations of IL [EMIM]HSO4 (1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate) and IL [BMIM]Ac (1‐methyl‐3‐butylimidazolium acetate) varied from 0.5 to 2 wt% to modify the MWCNTs. The modified MWCNTs were combined with PEEK and HA by melt‐blending and thermal compression to create PEEK/MWCNTs/HA composite sheets. FESEM and optical micrographs showed ILs‐modified MWCNTs dispersed homogeneously in PEEK. The composites of PEEK and MWCNTs that included 1 wt% [BMIM]Ac degraded at the maximum temperature (580.89°C) and provided the elastic modulus that was 35% greater than that of non‐IL composites. The Alamar blue assay investigation confirmed that inclusion of HA to PEEK composites improved the cells viability (more than 80%). The results showed that ILs‐based methods are environmentally friendly, and promising way to treat PEEK and HA for uniform MWCNTs dispersion, which could have future in biological applications.