bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Midwifery students' and obstetricians' perception of training in non-technical skills
Authors: Fregonese Coralie , Guerby Paul , Vallade Gilles , Fuzier Régis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Training in non-technical skills is increasingly recommended in the health sector. We set up an original training course, for student midwives and obstetricians, in which successful performance depended on the acquisition of non-technical skills. The main objective was to find out how they perceived the training and to investigate whether their position changed after it by analysing their social representations.
Materials and methods: The simulation session consisted of a flight in a simulator. A questionnaire was given to participants before the session (T1), after it (T2) and later (T3). It included a stress scale, a free association task, and open-ended questions about the training. We used the Descending Hierarchical Classification method to highlight groups of individuals who tended to answer the questionnaire in the same way.
Results: A total of 46 people participated in the experiment. The dynamics of the similarity analyses showed changes in emphasis according to the different times: at T1: team, plane, simulation; at T2: communication, team, stress; and at T3: team, communication, simulation, tunnelling.
Conclusions: Participants expressed their professionalization by the acquisition of technical vocabulary, as well as by using a semantic register pertaining to teamwork and thinking about actions undertaken.
Systematic Hierarchical Analysis of Requirements for Critical Systems
Authors: Fathabadi Asieh Salehi , Snook Colin , Dghaym Dana , Hoang Thai Son , Alotaibi Fahad , Butler Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Safety and security are key considerations in the design of critical systems. Requirements analysis methods rely on the expertise and experience of human intervention to make critical judgements. While human judgement is essential to an analysis method, it is also important to ensure a degree of formality so that we \textit{reason about} safety and security at early stages of analysis and design, rather than detect problems later. In this paper we present a hierarchical and incremental analysis process that aims to justify the design and flow-down of derived critical requirements arising from safety hazards and security vulnerabilities identified at the system level. The safety and security analysis at each level uses STPA-style action analysis to identify hazards and vulnerabilities. At each level, we verify that the design achieves the safety or security requirements by backing the analysis with formal modelling and proof using Event-B refinement. The formal model helps to identify hazards/vulnerabilities arising from the design and how they relate to the safety accidents/security losses being considered at this level. We then re-apply the same process to each component of the design in a hierarchical manner. Thus we use hazard and vulnerability analysis, together with refinement based formal modelling and verification, to drive the design, replacing the system level requirements with component requirements. In doing so, we decompose critical system-level requirements down to component-level requirements, transforming them from abstract system level requirements, towards concrete solutions that we can implement correctly so that the hazards/vulnerabilities are mitigated.
Management and research efforts are failing dolphins, porpoises and other toothed whales
Authors: Temple Andrew J. , Langner Ute , Berumen Michael L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Despite being subject to intensive research and public interest populations of dolphins, porpoises, and other toothed whales continue to decline, and several species are on the verge of extinction. We examine small cetacean status, human activities driving extinction risk, and whether research efforts are addressing priority threats. We estimate that one-sixth of small cetaceans are threatened with extinction, with little improvement in nearly thirty years. Fisheries and coastal habitat degradation are the main predictors of extinction risk. Contrary to popular belief, we show that the causal impact of small-scale fisheries on extinction risk is greater than from large-scale fisheries. Fisheries management strength had little influence on extinction risk, suggesting that existing measures are ineffective. Alarmingly, we find research efforts for priority threats to be vastly underrepresented and so a major shift in research focus is required. Small cetaceans are among the “low hanging fruit” of marine conservation; continued failure to halt their decline bodes poorly for tackling marine biodiversity loss and avoiding an Anthropocene mass extinction.
The Relationship Between Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study from NHANES
Authors: Niu Yue-yue , Aierken Aikeremu , Feng Ling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: This study aims to explore the relationship between dietary flavonoid intake and hypertension in American adults through a nationally representative sample.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted, including 9,123 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS), covering data from 2007-2011 and 2017-2018. Flavonoid intake was measured using a two-day dietary recall questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression, stratified analysis, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to assess the potential association between flavonoid consumption and hypertension, with adjustments for possible confounding variables.
Results: The study found a significant negative correlation between dietary intake of total flavonoids, flavanones, anthocyanins, and flavan-3-ols and hypertension. Statistically significant nonlinear relationships were observed for flavanones, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, and total flavonoids with hypertension, with significant p-nonlinear values of 7E-04, 0.02, 2E-04, and 0, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that the relationship between total flavonoid intake and hypertension is complex and influenced by glucose tolerance and hyperlipidemia. It showed different trends, with an increased risk of hypertension in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and a potential reduction in hypertension risk in those without hyperlipidemia.
Conclusion: This study emphasizes the potential positive role of flavonoid compounds in the prevention and management of hypertension in American adults, suggesting that moderate flavonoid intake may be more beneficial for health. These findings offer new hope and strategic support for the maintenance of cardiovascular health.
Impact of the gut microbiota and associated metabolites on primary open angle glaucoma
Authors: He Meihui , Chen Xingyi , Fan Zhihua , Xia Xiaobo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent studies had explored that gut microbiota (GM) was associated with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) through the gut-eye axis, among which metabolic pathways played an important role. However, the underlying biological mechanism has not been fully understood. This study aims to reveal the causal effect of GM, gut-derived metabolites on POAG susceptibility.
Methods
Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was performed to estimate the causality of GM and metabolites on POAG. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 196 GM taxa and 10 metabolites were used as the exposure, whereas summary data for POAG were obtained from the largest publicly available meta-analyses involving 16,677 POAG cases and 199,580 controls of European descent. Inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method was the main MR analysis, MR-PRESSO, Cochran Q test and MR Egger were used for sensitivity analysis.
Results
In this MR analysis, a total of 196 causative associations between GM taxa and POAG were observed. We identified 21 causal relationships between genetic liability in the GM and POAG after sensitivity analysis. Additionally, our study also revealed suggestive associations between 7 gut microbiome-dependent metabolites (e.g., serine, isoleucine, glycine and creatine) and POAG.
Conclusion
These data for the first time provided evidence of potential causal links between GM and POAG. Metabolites involved in amino acids and bile acids metabolism may play an important role in gut microbiota-host crosstalk in POAG and may serve as useful biomarkers for POAG screening. Our findings may contribute to identifying potentially effective early intervention of POAG by targeting the microbiota.
Generation of optical vortices by flat-topped beam diffracted with a radial phase shift spiral zone plate
Authors: Nossir N. , Dalil-Essakali L. , Belafhal A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the generation of optical vortices by means of the so-called radial-phase shift spiral zone plate (RSSZP) from a flat-topped beam (FTB). Based on the process of the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral, an analytical formulation of the field distribution for the generated beam is developed. The evolution of the intensity distribution of the diffracted beam is numerically illustrated by studying the effects of some parameters. Moreover, it is established that the characteristics of the intensity of the generated beam is increased with the beam waist, on the contrary, this intensity is decreased by the augmentation of the beam order N. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that in the case of the topological charge equal to zero. The behavior of the beam is converted into a fundamental Gaussian. However, it is found that, for the topological charge superior to zero we have a vortex beam. In addition, it can be noted that the increase of the beam order leads the dark part size becomes large. In addition, as the shifting parameter is increased, the lobes appear larger. Finally, this research may be useful in different applications such as in optical switches and micromanipulation.
Robust multiferroic in interfacial modulation synthesized wafer-scale one-unit-cell of chromium sulfide
Authors: Shi Jianping , Song Luying , Zhao Ying , Xu Bingqian , Du Ruofan , Li Hui , Feng Wang , Yang Junbo , Li Xiaohui , Liu Zijia , Wen Xia , Peng Yanan , Wang Yuzhu , Sun Hang , Huang Ling , Jiang Yulin , Cai Yao , Jiang Xue , He Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Multiferroic materials offer a promising avenue for manipulating digital information by leveraging the cross-coupling between ferroelectric and ferromagnetic orders. Despite the ferroelectricity has been uncovered by ion displacement or interlayer-sliding, one-unit-cell of multiferroic materials design and wafer-scale synthesis have yet to be realized. Here we develope a interface modulated strategy to grow 1-inch one-unit-cell of non-layered chromium sulfide with unidirectional orientation on industry-compatible c-plane sapphire. The strong interfacial interaction between chromium sulfide and substrate induces the intralayer-sliding of self-intercalated chromium atoms and breaks the space reversal symmetry. As a result, robust room-temperature ferroelectricity (retaining more than one month) emerges in one-unit-cell of chromium sulfide with ultrahigh remanent polarization. Besides, long-range ferromagnetic order is discovered with the Curie temperature approaching 200 K, almost two times higher than that of bulk counterpart. In parallel, the robust magnetoelectric coupling is certified and which makes 1-inch one-unit-cell of chromium sulfide the largest and thinnest multiferroics.
Optimizing of Induction Based Wind Energy Conversion System with EDLC and PMSG for Efficient Power Control
Authors: Jim Md.Tanvir Rahman , Alam Nazimuddin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the quest for sustainable and efficient energy conversion systems, this paper presents a comprehensive study on the optimization of an Induction Wind Energy Conversion System (IWEC) integrated with Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLCs) and a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) to achieve superior power control. Wind energy represents a crucial component of the renewable energy landscape, and enhancing its conversion efficiency is pivotal for a sustainable future. In this work, we delve into the intricate details of the IWEC-EDLC-PMSG system, employing advanced control strategies and optimization techniques to maximize its performance. Through extensive simulations and experimentation, we demonstrate the significant advantages of this integrated system, including improved power quality, enhanced transient response, and enhanced grid integration capabilities. The results reveal that the proposed IWEC-EDLC-PMSG configuration outperforms conventional wind energy conversion systems in terms of efficiency, grid compatibility, and dynamic response. Furthermore, we address critical aspects such as system stability, fault tolerance, and reliability, ensuring the robustness of this innovative solution. This research not only contributes to the advancement of wind energy technology but also offers valuable insights into the integration of energy storage systems and advanced control techniques for efficient power control in renewable energy applications.
Nothing is impossible: a 110-year-old patient recovered smoothly after partial hepatectomy — a case report
Authors: Yi Xiao-Kang , Wang An-Kang , Yao Jing , Li Qiu-Xi , Wen Jian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The population of centenarians is increasing, and the medical demand of it will also increase. Surgery for centenarians is a considerable challenge for patients and doctors.
Case Presentation
A 110 year-old woman presented with a history of epigastric pain for 1 month. The abdominal contrast-enhanced CT showed a visible lump with unclear boundaries in the left lateral lobe of liver, about 6*7cm in size. She underwent the open partial hepatectomy and lymph node dissection within 2 hours and 11 minutes. Histopathological examination revealed Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, stage T2aN0M0. No tumor recurrence was found during the 11 months follow-up.
Conclusion
To our best knowledge, this woman should be the first case in the world to have had a partial hepatectomy in centenarians. The patient recovered smoothly after surgery. We all know that the main challenge faced by centenarians is the vulnerable bodies are lack of physiological reserve but not the surgery itself. For centenarians, preoperative evaluation, medical optimization, anesthesia management, expeditious surgery, coordinated multidisciplinary and careful perioperative nursing are paramount.
The sensitivity and specificity testes for diagnosis of Rheumatoid arthritis/ Jordan
Authors: Faris Nawal S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Prognosis, treatment, and even early detection of rheumatoid arthritis may all be effectively tracked. Serological tests may be used to validate clinically suspected preliminary diagnoses of rheumatic disorders, track the effectiveness of treatment, and predict the prognosis of autoimmune diseases. for CRP, anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies, anti-streptolysine O, acute phase proteins, rheumatoid factor, and CRP
Aims of the study: focused on diagnostic designs that tested the sensitivity and specificity of diagnoses.such as ANA, ACCP, ASO, and CRP Laboratory Tests of Rheumatoid arthritis
Methods: ELIZA tests were used to refer 79 individuals to the Immunology department, specifically the rheumatic ward.
Statistical test: Statically analysis: was carried out using ANOVA.
Results: Most patients with RA tested positive for anti-CCP. 86% of RA patients have positive test findings. According to ASO, there may be an increase in RF without an increase in ASO in some circumstances. This is because there may be additional health issues contributing to the auto immune disease. Other results may also indicate an increase in ASO and CRP without an increase in RF.
Conclusions: We came to the conclusion that ACCP antibodies and CRP are the most sensitive and specific tests for the diagnosis of RA.
The Effectiveness of Skill Competency Program on Cervical Collar Placement Algorithm in Cervical Spine Injury in Terms of Knowledge and Practice Among Staff Nurses
Authors: S Anandh Sam Perera. , Chauhan Nadeem , M Murali. , Kumari Rupa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Statement of the problem: A Study to assess the effectiveness of skill competency programme on cervical collar placement algorithm in cervical spine injury in terms of knowledge and practice among staff nurses in selected hospital, Meerut.
Objectives of the Study: 1. To prepare and validate skill competency program on cervical collar placement algorithm in cervical spine injury in terms of knowledge and practice among staff nurses, 2. To evaluate the effectiveness of before and after implementation of skill competency programme on improving knowledge and practice regarding cervical collar placement algorithm among staff nurse, 3. To find out the correlate between post-test level of knowledge and practice score regarding cervical collar placement algorithm among staff nurse.
Methodology: An evaluative research approach was used in the study to Skill Competency Program On Cervical Collar Placement Algorithm In Cervical Spine Injury In Terms Of Knowledge And Practice Among Staff Nurse At Selected Hospital Meerut. The research design selected for the study was descriptive design. 60 Staff nurses were selected in hospital setting by non-probability purposive sampling technique. Semi Structured knowledge questionnaire and practice checklist were used to assess the knowledge regarding clinical competency on Cervical Collar Placement Algorithm In Cervical Spine Injury Data collected and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Major Findings of the Study: Majority of the samples 80% staff nurses have excellent knowledge, 36% of them have very good knowledge. The majority of the staff nurses 85% of them have effective practice.
Conclusion: The study concluded that staff nurses were having Excellent knowledge and practice regarding clinical competency on cervical collar placement algorithm in cervical spine injury in terms of knowledge and practice among staff nurse at selected hospital Meerut
Post COVID-19 condition among individuals hospitalized during Wave 1 and Wave 2 at Mulago National Referral Hospital and Entebbe Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda, 2020-2021
Authors: Komakech Allan , Juniour Edirisa Nsubuga , Drazidio Judith , Migamba Stella Martha , Kadobera Daniel , Bulage Lilian , Kwesiga Benon , Riolexus Alex Ario 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
The presence of long-term symptoms among COVID-19 survivors is referred to as Post COVID-19 condition (PCC). In Uganda, the burden of PCC is unknown. We described the spectrum of and risk factors for PCC among persons hospitalized with COVID-19 to inform decision-making.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study among randomly-selected COVID-19 survivors hospitalized at Mulago and Entebbe Referral Hospitals during Wave 1 (October 2020-December 2020) and Wave 2 (May 2021-June 2021) of the pandemic in Uganda. A PCC case was defined as persistent, returning, or new COVID-19 symptoms occurring during the 4–12 weeks after onset for non-severe disease and during the 8–12 weeks from onset for severe disease, without an alternative diagnosis in a person with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients were contacted by phone, and risk factors for PCC were established using modified Poisson regression.
Findings:
Among 798 COVID-19 survivors (Wave 1: 391; Wave 2: 407), we identified 63 (16%) cases of PCC in Wave 1 and 81 (20%) in Wave 2. In Wave 1, common PCC symptoms included chest pain (14; 18%) and cough (11; 14%), while Wave 2 patients reported fatigue (16; 20%) and cough (16; 20%). Severe disease (aIRR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.4–2.6) and any comorbidity (aIRR = 1.9, 95%CI: 1.2–2.8) during Wave 1 and any comorbidity (aIRR = 2.6, 95% CI 2.1–3.3) during Wave 2 were associated with PCC.
Interpretation:
Approximately 1 in 5 previously-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors experienced PCC during both waves, emphasizing the need for close follow-up and appropriate post-COVID-19 care.
OriWheelBot: An origami-wheeled robot
Authors: Liu Jie , Pang Zufeng , Li Zhiyong , Wen Guilin , Su Zhoucheng , He Junfeng , Liu Kaiyue , Jiang Dezheng , Li Zenan , Chen Shouyan , Tian Yang , Xie Yi Min , Wang Zhenpei , Liu Zhuangjian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Origami-inspired robots with multiple advantages, such as being lightweight, requiring less assembly, and exhibiting exceptional deformability, have received substantial and sustained attention. However, the existing origami-inspired robots are usually of limited functionalities and developing feature-rich robots is very challenging. Here, we report an origami-wheeled robot (OriWheelBot) with variable width and outstanding sand walking versatility. The OriWheelBot’s ability to adjust wheel width over obstacles is achieved by origami wheels made of Miura origami. An improved version, called iOriWheelBot, is also developed to automatically judge the width of the obstacles. Three actions, namely direct pass, variable width pass, and direct return, will be carried out depending on the width of the channel between the obstacles. We have identified two motion mechanisms, i.e., sand-digging and sand-pushing, with the latter being more conducive to walking on the sand. We have systematically examined numerous sand walking characteristics, including carrying loads, climbing a slope, walking on a slope, and navigating sand pits, small rocks, and sand traps. The OriWheelBot can change its width by 40%, has a loading-carrying ratio of 66.7% on flat sand and can climb a 17-degree sand incline. The OriWheelBot can be useful for planetary subsurface exploration and disaster area rescue.
A Joint Model for Disease Mapping with Spatially Correlated Count Data and Covariate Measurement Error
Authors: Rana Masud , Khan Shahedul A , Leatherdale Scott T , Pahwa Punam 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cross-sectional and case-control studies are popular individual- level designs. Cross-sectional studies measure/determine prevalence of an adverse health condition, while case-control studies compare two groups based on the exposure measured retrospectively. Individuals within a population can be divided into groups based on observed characteristics, and a particular group may be more or less susceptible to an adverse health condition. In contrast to individual-level study designs, disease mapping and ecological regression models are well-known methods for modeling population-level characteristics using aggregated data. Such designs emphasize on group-level characteristics and ignore variability within groups. However, optimal prediction of an adverse health condition requires us to integrate these techniques into a general frame-work for modeling individual- and group-level factors simultaneously. To overcome this methodological gap, we formulate the joint Besag-York-Mollie (BYM2) model for modeling adverse health condition, integrating individual- and group-level factors into a single framework. The individual- and group-level factors are modelled using submodels linked through association parameters in the joint BYM2 model. The group-level submodel can incorporate spatial auto-correlation in the outcome and covariate measurement error. We propose a Bayesian approach for inference and present comparative studies, via both real and simulated data. The simulation results demonstrate better performance of the joint BYM2 model for capturing parameter values with reasonable uncertainty. We demonstrate an application for modeling the risk of developing adverse health condition among Canadian secondary school students using individual-, school-, and neighbourhood-level risk factors.