bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Humanin vivofootprints from blood plasma samples for improved diagnostics in septic patients
Authors: Sonntag Mirko , Müller Jan , Brenner Thorsten , Decker Sebastian O. , von Haeseler Arndt , Sohn Kai ,   the German Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Trials Group (GAIN-CARE)
Published: January 2025

SummaryBackgroundLiquid biopsy based on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is an established approach in clinical diagnostics. In recent years, a fraction of cfDNA comprising short fragments has been discovered, that is enriched at gene promoters and binding sites of DNA-binding proteins. However, the diagnostic potential of such short double-stranded cell-free DNA (footprint DNA) remains to be fully explored. Therefore, we characterized the clinical utility of footprint DNA in septic patients.MethodsWe enriched for footprint DNA based on size selection and subsequent high-throughput DNA sequencing to receive an unbiased, genome-wide picture of the host response to the infection. Footprint DNA occupancies were analyzed for correlation with clinical metrics including urea, hemoglobin, or alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Additionally, footprint DNA markers were benchmarked by read and receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis against procalcitonin (PCT) as an established marker for infection status as well as against clinical parameters for early death prediction.FindingsWe found that levels of occupancy of footprint DNA at defined genomic loci semi-quantitatively correlated with physiological markers like ALT or urea from major organ systems including liver or kidney. In a small proof-of-concept cohort, differential signatures of DNA footprints distinguished between patient groups with bacterial and viral infections with an area under the ROC (AUROC) of 1.0, which is considerably better than PCT with an AUROC of 0.75. Likewise, footprint DNA could also predict early death in septic patients with an AUROC of 0.983, compared to the SOFA (Sepsis-related organ failure assessment) score with an AUROC of 0.76.InterpretationOur findings show that footprint DNA delivers quantitative information on physiology at the DNA level, demonstrating its diagnostic and prognostic potential. Identified footprint biomarker regions could be helpful in the clinical assessment of septic patients and other complex diseases outperforming current state-of-the-art clinical diagnostics.FundingThis study was financed with internal funds from Fraunhofer society.
Multicentre retrospective analysis of lung function impairment and risks for restrictive syndrome during childhood after type III esophageal atresia repair
Authors: Goulin Jeanne , Brigly Thomas , Sfeir Rony , Desbordes de Cepoy Patrick , Bonnard Arnaud , Rousseau Véronique , Gelas Thomas , Guinot Audrey , Habonimana Edouard , Micheau Pascale , Ranke Aline , Talon Isabelle , Irtan Sabine , Lamireau Thierry , Rabattu Pierre-Yves , Elbaz Frédéric , Kalfa Nicolas , Panait Nicoleta , Fouquet Virginie , Lardy Hubert , Scalabre Aurélien , Buisson Philippe , Margaryan Marc , Auber Frédéric , Grosos Céline , Borderon Corinne , Tölg Cécilia , Bastard François , Troussier Françoise , Gottrand Frédéric , Schmitt Françoise 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesTo identify the factors that result in a restrictive ventilatory impairment during childhood following type III esophageal atresia (EA) repair.Study designA multicentre, retrospective, national cohort study was conducted on 503 patients who had undergone surgery for EA between 2008 and 2013. The results of pulmonary function tests (PFT) performed during childhood were used to compare patients with pure restrictive lung impairment to children with normal PFT. Subsequently, logistic regression was employed to ascertain potential risk factors for restrictive syndrome in type III EA.ResultsThe cohort comprised 503 patients, of whom 216 (42.9%) had interpretable PFT. Among them, 63.4% exhibited normal results, 26.9% pure restriction, 5.1% pure obstruction, and 4.6% a mixed pattern. Patient-associated factors that were associated with a restrictive impairment were birth weight, Caucasian ethnicity (odds ratio (OR) 4.3 [1.2–15.4]), and the presence of neonatal heart defects (OR = 5.8). [1.9-16.9]), tracheomalacia (OR = 4.1 [1.6 - 10.2]) and neonatal GERD (OR = 3.1 [1.3-7.4]). The sole healthcare-associated factor was the use of respiratory crisis treatment during childhood (OR = 4.8 [1.3-18.0]), whereas neither surgical factor nor postoperative parietal thoracic deformity was associated with restriction.ConclusionIn contrast to surgical approaches or chest wall abnormalities, neonatal EA- associated conditions appear to be associated with a restrictive pattern during childhood, but further prospective studies remain mandatory to validate these results.
EPIC4ND: European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition follow-up for neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Lill Christina M. , Homann Jan , Ohlei Olena , Smith-Byrne Karl , Viallon Vivian , Huerta Jose Maria , Artaud Fanny , Zhao Yujia , Britten Abigail , Deecke Laura , Dobricic Valerija , Mokoroa Olatz , Guevara Marcela , Petrova Dafina , Trupp Miles , Sabin Jara , Gröninger Mareike , Colorado-Yohar Sandra M. , Alonso-Martin Sonia , Cabrera-Castro Natalia , Groppa Sergiu , Robinson Oliver , Hansen Johnni , Eriksson Sture , Sieri Sabina , Jimenez Ana , Tong Tammy Y. N. , Kaaks Rudolph , Severi Gianluca , Travis Ruth , Wareham Nick , Benedet Andréa L. , Zetterberg Henrik , Franke Andre , Elbaz Alexis , Bertram Lars , Vermeulen Roel , Middleton Lefkos , Masala Giovanna , Sacerdote Carlotta , Peters Susan , Katzke Verena , Ferrari Pietro , Gunter Marc J. , Riboli Elio 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe ‘European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition’ cohort (EPIC-Europe) is a prospective study including ∼520,000 participants recruited across Europe (1991-2000) with in-depth baseline data on nutritional, lifestyle, medical, and anthropometric variables, and baseline blood samples. Here we introduce EPIC4ND, a case-cohort study within EPIC designed to identify biomarkers predicting a future onset of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).EPIC4ND comprises 6,346 initially non-diseased participants (aged 35-80 years, mean age at baseline: 54±9, 65% women) with up to 30 years of follow-up and data on at least oneomicsdomain available from pre-disease blood samples. EPIC4ND includes 4,604 subcohort members (4,447 non-cases and 157 incident cases) and 1,742 additional incident cases ascertained from the broader EPIC cohort. Among the incident cases, there are 1,190 dementia cases (818 AD), 534 PD cases, and 199 ALS cases. Additionally, 72 prevalent PD cases and 118 incident Parkinsonism cases are available for comparison. Molecular data generated encompass proteomics, genome-wide DNA methylation, and SNP genotyping with 4,065 EPIC4ND participants (2,497 non-cases, 1,568 incident cases) having data on all three domains. Smaller studies include data on metals, metabolites, and environmental chemicals, while ongoing efforts focus on ultrasensitive targeted biomarker measurements and small RNA sequencing.Genome-wide association studies and analyses of epidemiological risk factors validate the dataset by confirming many known risk factors. Leveraging these extensive pre-disease multi-layeredomicsdata offers a unique opportunity to identify biomarker signatures predicting neurodegenerative diseases and to explore their interplay with epidemiological risk factors.
Multiple-testing corrections in selection scans using identity-by-descent segments
Authors: Temple Seth D. , Browning Sharon R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFailing to correct for multiple testing in selection scans can lead to false discoveries of recent genetic adaptations. The scanning statistics in selection studies are often too complicated to theoretically derive a genome-wide significance level or empirically validate control of the family-wise error rate (FWER). By modeling the autocorrelation of identity-by-descent (IBD) rates, we propose a computationally efficient method to determine genome-wide significance levels in an IBD-based scan for recent positive selection. In whole genome simulations, we show that our method has approximate control of the FWER and can adapt to the spacing of tests along the genome. We also show that these scans can have more than fifty percent power to reject the null model in hard sweeps with a selection coefficients >= 0.01 and a sweeping allele frequency between twenty-five and seventy-five percent. A few human genes and gene complexes have statistically significant excesses of IBD segments in thousands of samples of African, European, and South Asian ancestry groups from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine project and the United Kingdom Biobank. Among the significant loci, many signals of recent selection are shared across ancestry groups. One shared selection signal at a skeletal cell development gene is extremely strong in African ancestry samples.HighlightsWe propose a method to address multiple testing when scanning along the genome for excess identity-by-descent rates.In whole genome simulations, we calculate that the family-wise error rates of our method are close to the desired family-wise significance level.We perform six selection scans in two consortium datasets covering different ancestry groups and reference genome builds.For a genomic region on chromosome 16, we report extremely high identity-by-descent rates in African ancestry groups and replication in European and South Asian ancestry groups.
WDR2 regulates the orphan kinesin KIN-G to promote hook complex and Golgi biogenesis inTrypanosoma brucei
Authors: Zhou Qing , Hu Huiqing , Li Ziyin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe flagellum inTrypanosoma bruceiplays crucial roles in cell locomotion, cell morphogenesis, and cell division, and its inheritance depends on the faithful duplication of multiple flagellum-associated structures. One of such cytoskeletal structures is a hairpin-like structure termed the hook complex composed of a fishhook-like structure and a centrin arm structure, whose cellular functions remain poorly understood. We recently identified KIN-G, an orphan kinesin that promotes hook complex and Golgi biogenesis. Here we report a WD40 repeats-containing protein named WDR2, which interacts with and regulates KIN-G. WDR2 co-localizes with KIN-G at the centrin arm, and knockdown of WDR2 disrupts hook complex integrity and morphology, inhibits flagellum attachment zone elongation and flagellum positioning, and eventually arrests cytokinesis. Knockdown of WDR2 also disrupts the maturation of the centrin arm-associated Golgi, thereby impairing Golgi biogenesis. WDR2 interacts with KIN-G via its N-terminal unknown motifs, the middle domain containing a coiled coil and a PB1 motif, and the C-terminal WD40 domain, and targets KIN-G to its subcellular location. These results uncover a regulatory role for WDR2 in recruiting KIN-G to regulate hook complex and Golgi biogenesis, thereby impacting flagellum inheritance and cell division plane positioning.
Threshold effects of prenatal stress on striatal microglia and relevant behaviors
Authors: Maurer S. V. , Evans M. M. , Dukle M. , Kundu S. , Dennis J. L. , Ellerbroek R. M. , Anema S. L. , Roshko V. C. , Stevens H. E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPrenatal stress, a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), leads to immune alterations, including offspring neuroimmune cells. Differences in offspring outcomes may arise from whether the extent of prenatal stress crosses “thresholds” for effects on specific outcomes. Therefore, we sought to determine offspring outcomes using models with different extents of prenatal stress. We focused on striatal outcomes, because of their relevance for NDDs. Pregnant CD1 mice were assigned to four groups (each: N=6): no stress (“NoS”) or one of the following stressors administered three times daily: i.p. saline injections (low prenatal stress, LoS), Interleukin-6 injections as a component of prenatal stress (immune prenatal stress; ImS), or restraint stress + saline injections (high prenatal stress, HiS), embryonic day 12-18. In adult offspring, HiS altered striatal-dependent behavior across males and females, while ImS induced fewer behavioral changes, and LoS did not affect behavior. Adult striatal microglia morphologies were mostly unchanged across groups, with only HiS leading to altered striatal density of minimally ramified cells. However, embryonic striatal microglia were affected by all models of stress, albeit in distinct ways. The HiS model, and to a lesser extent LoS, also influenced immune components of the maternal-fetal interface: placental macrophages. In conclusion, high and immune stress affected adult striatal-dependent behavior, exceeding the threshold necessary for persistent impacts, but all stress models affected embryonic microglia, suggesting that early neuroimmune outcomes had a lower threshold for impacts. Distinct severities and aspects of prenatal stress may therefore underlie different outcomes relevant to NDDs.
Light right-handed smuons at the LHC: Natural dark matter and
gμ−2
in an unexplored realm of the phenomenological MSSM
Authors: Yin Xiangwei , Li Tianjun , Maxin James A. , Nanopoulos Dimitri V. 
Published: January 2025

We introduce an in-depth study of an unprobed phenomenological minimal supersymmetric Standard Model region offering a natural solution to dark matter. Since the 1980s this region has been referred to as the “bulk,” consisting of sub 200 GeV neutralinos and right-handed smuons. The bulk satisfies recent muon gμ−2 measurements and sustains consistency with all presently operating SUSY experiments and LHC constraints. Initial ingress into the bulk will arrive soon via the LUX-ZEPLIN 1000-day experiment. The ATLAS Collaboration at the LHC has confirmed that observation of these light right-handed smuon events can occur at the ongoing LHC Run 3 and forthcoming High-Luminosity LHC. Moreover, the future FCC-ee and CEPC circular colliders should handily observe the events.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Comparative performance analysis of a turboprop engine used in regional aircraft by considering design and flight conditions
Authors: Yuksel Onur , Aygün Hakan 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate variation of performance metrics involving specific fuel consumption (SFC), thrust, thermal efficiency and overall efficiency values of turboprop engine used in regional aircraft according to varying altitude of 0–9 km and 0.3–0.6 Mach ranges. Moreover, influences of design parameters such as overall pressure ratio (OPR) ranging between 12 and 15 and turbine inlet temperature (TIT) ranging between 1,200 K and 1,400 K regarding the engine are dealt with by using ideal and real codes of parametric cycle equations.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is performed based on thermodynamic analysis for real and ideal conditions by means of MATLAB software.

Findings
When considering influences of flight conditions, SFC of the PW127-E changes between 6.4 g/kNs and 13.75 g/kNs at ideal conditon whereas changes between 6.9 g/kNs and 14.64 g/kNs at real conditions. Moreover, overall efficiency of the engine varies between 28.3% and 35.5% at ideal, whereas it is found between 12.8% and 18.5% at real condition owing to varying altitude and Mach. On the other hand, with effects of design variables, SFC of the engine changes between 9.59 g/kNs and 10.38 g/kNs at ideal however 11.74 g/kNs and 12.76 g/kNs at real. Lastly, overall efficiency of the engine resides between 30.61% and 33.13% at ideal whereas between 14.37% and 18.61% at real due to varying OPR and TIT variables.

Practical implications
It is expected that this study helps in understanding how to vary performance metrics of the engine according to internal variables and external conditions. Namely, the approach used in present study could benefit the determination of the on-design and off-design performance of the engine in theoretical manner.

Originality/value
The novelty of this study is to present performance analysis of the three-shaft PW127-E turboprop by considering the effect of design parameters and flight conditions on engine performance in ideal and real conditions.
The role of integrated reporting and earnings management on the combined assurance and capital market liquidity relationship
Authors: Donkor Augustine , Trireksani Terri , Djajadikerta Hadrian Geri 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study examines the role of integrated reporting (IR) and earnings management (EM) practices on the combined assurance model (CA) and the firms’ capital market liquidity (FCML) performance nexus. Based on a moderated mediation analysis, it examines the channels through which CA quality influences FCML performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses data from the top 100 firms on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) based on market capitalisation, and a bootstrap moderated mediation model through Hayes Process Macro was adopted.FindingsThe findings show that although IR quality mediates the CA quality and FCML performance nexus, the mediation is conditional on firms’ practices of EM, implying that the value of CA through IR to capital market participants is more pronounced for firms engaged in high EM practices.Practical implicationsThe findings emphasise the importance of the CA model in streamlining assurance processes, reducing assurance costs and enhancing the credibility of financial and sustainability reports, thereby improving capital market performance. Hence, it is a valuable assurance framework for International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) S1 and S2 compliance.Originality/valueThis study uniquely lines up the CA model, IR quality and EM practices to project the value relevance and channel(s) through which the effective communication of the CA model influences FCML performance.
Accelerating digital transformation using gamification: an implementation case from the news industry
Authors: Badreldin Omar M. , Adris Alaa-Eldin M. , Labib Heba 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
Digital Transformation (DT) initiatives often face high failure rates. The study assesses gamification’s impact on overcoming DT challenges like high failure rates, resistance to change, and lack of engagement in the news/media organizations, identifying key gamification elements driving successful transformation and increasing engagement in.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, utilizing an experiment with 164 participants from a single newspaper. Applying gamification techniques for five months, collecting quantitative data and qualitative survey responses. Statistical analysis assessed the impact of gamification on DT success. Thematic analysis of survey responses provided participants’ experiences.

Findings
The study demonstrated a significant positive increase in Key Data Points measuring the digital transformation in news/media organizations over 5 months, indicating a successful and sustained behavior change and increased engagement. Points, rankings, leaderboards and badges were the most impactful gamification design elements. Survey found the gamification appealing to 81% of participants, with 83.7% reporting a greater interest in learning new digital content production methods.

Research limitations/implications
The experiment is conducted in one news organization, measuring key data points relevant to DT in news industry and may not be generalizable.

Practical implications
Empower organization struggling with DT, by introducing gamification to DT process and share findings to inspire replication across similar organization.

Originality/value
The research fills the literature gap in studying the effect of gamification on DT, and offers practical guidance and evidence of its power to encouraging positive behavioral changes, increasing engagement, and mitigating resistance to change.
Sustainable facilities management: a sociotechnical system perspective and a review of the literature
Authors: Karanasios Konstantinos 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
Sustainable facilities management (SFM) research necessitates a sociotechnical system perspective as core organizations and facilities management (FM) suppliers are subject to multiple pressures while participating in buildings’ use, operation, and maintenance. The purpose of this study is to examine the SFM literature and improve understanding of factors that influence SFM practices using a sociotechnical transitions approach.

Design/methodology/approach
This study, first, examines facility management and sociotechnical system approaches to develop a framework that conceptualizes pressures and management processes that may impact the transition of FM practices to more sustainable ones. In a second step, the framework is combined with a systematic literature review of studies published between 2000 and 2023 to examine pressures applied to FM firms, explore responses and management processes and the evolution of FM practices, and identify research gaps.

Findings
The review findings indicate that the factors proposed by a sociotechnical system framework are examined in the SFM literature and that FM regimes acknowledged the applied pressures and responded by adapting their strategies, updating technical knowledge and capabilities, establishing new governance mechanisms, and modifying the industry identity and mindset.

Research limitations/implications
The review is limited to SFM literature between 2000 and 2023. An evolutionary sociotechnical system perspective of SFM practices necessitates context-specific research.

Originality/value
The study responds to the call for a sociotechnical system view of SFM and adds a sociotechnical transitions perspective to the development and evolution of SFM research. It organizes the current SFM literature, points to the need for context-specific research, and allows for the identification of future SFM research directions.
Metaverse in tourism and hospitality industry: science mapping of the current and future trends
Authors: Zainal Abidin Nazim Hanis , Fauzi Muhammad Ashraf , Wider Walton , Mat Daud Wan Muhammad Noor Sarbani , Musa Rusnifaezah 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study performs a science mapping approach based on bibliometric analysis of the metaverse and its associated technology in tourism and hospitality. As an immersive technology, metaverse has penetrated various segments of human life and business activities. This digital transformation phenomenon has also penetrated tourism and hospitality in mixed reality, comprising virtual, augmented and extended reality.Design/methodology/approachThe knowledge structure of the past and future trends in the sector’s metaverse application is analyzed to present the topological and temporal structure by a science mapping approach.FindingsFindings show that current and emerging trends are related to tourism mobilities, cultural and heritage tourism, digital landscape transformation and motivation to adopt virtual reality. At the same time, future trends suggest three themes related to the transformation of the tourism industry through the metaverse: immersive heritage exploration, technology adoption in metaverse tourism.Research limitations/implicationsMetaverse technology will continue impacting tourism services and product offerings. Stakeholders and players in the tourism sector need to adapt to the development of metaverse technology to stay competitive and relevant in today’s digital environment.Originality/valueThrough a science mapping approach, this study offers a crucial temporal and structural understanding of the metaverse in tourism phenomenon.