bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical biopsy/cytology correlation data can be collected prospectively and shared clinically
Authors: Cioc Adina M. , Julius Carmen J. , Proca Daniela M. , Tranovich Virginia L. , Keyhani‐Rofagha Sedigheh 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCervical cytology (Cy) and biopsy (Bx) correlation is used by institutions for the evaluation of their cytodiagnostic capabilities as a part of overall laboratory quality improvement (QI). However, the data obtained from correlation are not routinely included in most surgical pathology (SP) reports. Our laboratory's procedure is to include the correlation of the patient's previous (most recent) cytology smear in the surgical pathology report of all/any gynecologic surgical pathology specimens. We reviewed this process for the time period between July 1998–June 1999. Any noncorrelating cases were assigned a correlation review code by the reviewing cytopathologist: major Cy diagnostic error (DE1), minor Cy diagnostic error (DE2), Cy sampling error (Cy SE), or biopsy sampling error (Bx SE). Of 3,486 cases reviewed, 3,229 cases were satisfactory for correlation studies. Concordant results were found in 86.9%. Cy DE1 due to either Cy screening or interpretation errors or both were found in 0.2% (n = 7) of all cases, while Cy DE2 due to the same were found in 1% (n = 32). Bx SE accounted for discrepancies in 6.8% (n = 220) of all cases, while 5.1% (n = 164) of the total cases were discrepancies due to Cy SE. Follow‐up Bx was available in 97.2% (n = 214) of the Bx SE, and showed 16.4% (n = 35) to be major discrepancies and 83.6% (n = 179) to be minor discrepancies. Cervical Cy/Bx correlation is useful for the evaluation of a laboratory's QI. It is also useful for the identification of either Cy or Bx SE. While QI data exist as “internal use only” documents, SE data (as part of the CC (correlation comment) included in SP reports) are vital to a specific/given patient. Bx SE was identified in 6.3% of our patients, indicating a possible need for rebiopsy. This type of QI data may be shared clinically, and may direct the management for maximum diagnostic and patient benefit. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:49–52. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytopathologic diagnosis of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma
Authors: Gal Anthony A. , Nassar Victor H. , Miller Joseph I. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThere are many reports of sclerosing hemangioma from the perspective of its histopathologic features, but its cytopathologic characteristics are less well known. In this report we present the case of a patient in which the cytologic features firmly established a definitive diagnosis; surgical intervention was warranted only after the lesion had grown over the course of 7 yr of close observation. The cytologic diagnosis requires the identification of a dual cell population. Both populations of tumor cell nuclei are immunoreactive for thyroid transcription factor‐1, but caution is warranted because this marker may be present in other tumors. Recognition of its distinctive cytologic features can lead to proper diagnosis and conservative management. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:163–166; DOI 10.1002/dc.10076 © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aspiration biopsy in a case of apocrine adenocarcinoma with foam cells (myoblastomatoid or histiocytoid adenocarcinoma)
Authors: Cangiarella Joan , O'Connell Mazzei Elizabeth , Weg Noah , Limaye Anjali , Waisman Jerry 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe found only one report of a case of apocrine adenocarcinoma with foamy cells diagnosed by aspiration biopsy. Herein, we describe a second case with cytologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings and discuss the differential diagnosis of foamy cells on aspiration smears obtained from mammary nodules. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:320–323. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of fine‐needle aspiration cytology and core biopsy for diagnosis of breast cancer
Authors: Sun Wei , Li Ailing , Abreo Fleurette , Turbat‐Herrera Elba , Grafton Warren D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBoth fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and core biopsy are useful in the diagnosis of breast cancer. In order to compare the sensitivities of these procedures, we reviewed 209 patients with breast cancer who had either FNA, core biopsy, or both, and also either mastectomy or lumpectomy. Sensitivities for FNA and core biopsies for diagnosing breast cancer were calculated and compared. Sensitivity for FNA or core biopsies interpreted as either atypical or malignant was 93.8% for FNA and 90.1% for core biopsy (P > 0.05). Sensitivity for FNA or core biopsies interpreted as malignant was 65.4% for FNA and 88.7% for core biopsy (P < 0.0001). Sensitivities of FNA interpreted as either atypical or malignant were 92.4% for FNA performed by pathologists and 100% for FNA by nonpathologists (P >0.05). Sensitivities of FNA interpreted as malignant were 75.8% for FNA by pathologists and 20.0% for FNA by nonpathologists (P < 0.00001). Both FNA and core biopsies are sensitive procedures for the detection of breast cancer. There was no significant difference between sensitivity of FNA and core biopsies interpreted as either atypia or malignancy, although the sensitivity of core biopsies interpreted as unequivocal malignancy was greater than that of FNA. FNAs performed by pathologists were more sensitive than FNAs performed by nonpathologists in making an unequivocal diagnosis of breast cancer. Diagn. Cytopathol. 24:421–425, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Manual method for liquid‐based cytology: A demonstration using 1,000 gynecological cytologies collected directly to vial and prepared by a smear‐slide technique
Authors: Maksem John A. , Finnemore Mary , Belsheim Beverly L. , Roose Ellen B. , Makkapati Sukanya R. , Eatwell Lorie , Weidmann James 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report on the formulation and use of an alcoholic‐agar additive solution generally useful for rapid, inexpensive liquid‐based cytology slide preparation. Gynecological cytology specimens were collected from 1,000 women. Two hundred fifty aliquots each of CytoRich, CytoRich Red (Tripath Imaging, Inc., Burlington, NC), Preservcyt (Cytyc Corp., Boxborough, MA), and DINA*TRANS (DINA*CYT Corp., Portland, OR) fixatives were used for this study. Fixed cell suspensions from 1,000 women, seen consecutively by a general obstetrics and gynecology practice, were vortex‐mixed and transferred into a premeasured amount of alcoholic‐agar in test tubes. Test tubes were conventionally centrifuged, cells were trapped in a spontaneously formed agar‐gel, and the supernatant solutions were decanted. Vortex‐mixing cell buttons caused a rapid gel‐to‐sol transition, affording viscous cell suspensions that were applied to slides, smeared, and stained using Papanicolaou stains. Slides showed unclumped, monolayered, uniform, random cell‐spreads. All of the fixatives afforded crisp presentation of normal and abnormal cells. There was an about 3‐fold increase in HSIL+ (0.7–1.8%) and LSIL diagnoses (1.3–4.4%), and a 45% reduction in ASCUS diagnoses (3.3–1.8%), as compared to our cytology laboratory's previous year's patients' statistics with a concurrent 0.2% unsatisfactory rate, due solely to inadequate sampling. This manual method makes liquid‐based cytology inexpensive and does not require specialized preparative devices. Diagn. Cytopathol. 25:334–338, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adenosine/dopamine receptor‐receptor interactions in the central nervous system
Authors: Franco Rafael , Ferré Sergi , Torvinen Maria , Ginés Silvia , Hillion Joëlle , Ciruela Francisco , Canela Enric I. , Mallol Josefa , Casadó Vicent , Lluis Carmen , Fuxe Kjell 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThere is evidence that adenosine/dopamine antagonism in the central nervous system may involve an adenosine/dopamine receptor‐receptor interaction. There also is an anatomical basis for the existence of functional interactions between adenosine A1 receptors (A1Rs) and dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) and between adenosine A2A (A2ARs) and dopamine D2 (D2Rs) receptors in the same neurons. Selective A1R agonists negatively affect the high‐affinity binding of D1Rs. Activation of A2ARs leads to a decrease in receptor affinity for dopamine agonists acting on D2Rs, especially with regard to the high‐affinity state. All these findings suggest receptor subtype–specific interactions between adenosine and dopamine receptors that may be achieved by molecular interactions, for example, receptor heterodimers. There exists evidence that A1Rs form homodimers in membranes and also form high‐order molecular structures containing heterotrimeric G proteins and adenosine deaminase. In view of the occurrence of homodimers of adenosine and of dopamine receptors, it was speculated that heteromers between these receptors, belonging to two different families of G protein–coupled receptors, can be formed. Evidence that A1/D1 receptors can form heterodimers in co‐transfected cells and in primary cultures of neurons, in fact, has been obtained. These intramembrane interactions may constitute a major molecular basis to explain the behavioral effects of adenosine‐related drugs in health and disease. There is also evidence that intramembrane dopamine/adenosine receptor antagonism not only is mediated by direct receptor/receptor interaction (heteromers) but also involves other interacting proteins. In fact, adenosine deaminase absolutely is required for adenosine/dopamine antagonism. In the central nervous system, functional modules in which receptors for neurotransmitters or neuromodulators interact with each other and with other interacting proteins are crucial to understanding the physiology of the neuron and higher neural functions, such as learning and memory. Refined knowledge of the molecular mechanism of these interactions would be beneficial, to improve our therapeutic arsenal against neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Drug Dev. Res. 52:296–302, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interleukin‐1β posttranslational processing—exploration of P2X7 receptor involvement
Authors: Perregaux David G. , Labasi Jeff , Laliberte Ron , Stam Ethan , Solle Mike , Koller Bev , Griffiths Richard , Gabel Christopher A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCultured monocytes and macrophages stimulated with LPS produce large quantities of prointerleukin (IL)‐1β, but release little mature cytokine to the medium. The efficiency at which the procytokine is converted to its active 17 kDa species and released extracellularly is enhanced by treating cytokine‐producing cells with a secretion stimulus such as ATP or nigericin. Alterations to the composition of the intracellular ionic environment, including a necessary K+ efflux, accompany the stimulus‐induced secretory process. Cell death also accompanies stimulus‐induced IL‐1 posttranslational processing and human monocytes treated with ATP generate and release mature caspase‐1. ATP‐treated monocytes achieve a swollen morphology and do not produce mature caspase‐3; these traits are uncharacteristic of an apoptotic mechanism. Stimulus‐induced secretion of IL‐1β is disrupted by substitution of medium Cl‐ with chaotropic anions such as I‐ and by numerous anion transport inhibitors. These pharmacological agents block processing independently of the nature of the secretion stimulus, suggesting that a common downstream mechanism is engaged. Although sufficient to activate, the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is not a necessary element of the secretory mechanism. KN‐62, an antagonist of P2X7R function, inhibits ATP‐induced IL‐1β posttranslational processing but does not inhibit processing induced by nigericin. Likewise, LPS‐activated peritoneal macrophages isolated from P2X7R‐deficient mice respond to nigericin and produce mature 17 kDa IL‐1β. On the other hand, the receptor‐deficient macrophages, in contrast to their wild‐type counterparts, do not respond to ATP. These findings highlight the unusual secretory requirements of IL‐1 and demonstrate that P2X7R activation represents one mechanism by which cytokine posttranslational processing can be initiated. Drug Dev. Res. 53:83–90, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the mechanism of selective action of probucol on the inwardly rectifying potassium current in GH3 lactotrophs
Authors: Chiang Hung‐Ting , Wu Sheng‐Nan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe ionic mechanism of action of probucol, a known lipid‐lowering agent, was examined in rat pituitary GH3 cells. Whole‐cell voltage‐clamp was used to measure hyperpolarization‐activated K+ currents in GH3 cells bathed in a high‐K+, Ca2+‐free solution to determine the effect of probucol on the erg‐like inwardly rectifying K+ current (IK(IR)). Probucol reversibly suppressed the amplitude of IK(IR) in a concentration‐dependent manner. The IC50 value of probucol‐induced inhibition of IK(IR) was 1 μM. Probucol shifted the steady‐state inactivation curve of IK(IR) to less negative potentials and also prolonged the recovery of IK(IR) inactivation. The K+ inward current in response to hyperpolarizing voltage pulses was also inhibited by haloperidol (10 μM) and bepridil (10 μM) but not by reduced glutathione (10 mM) or superoxide dismutase (500 U/ml). Pretreatment with t‐butyl hydroperoxide (1 mM) or thimerosal (1 mM) did not prevent the probucol‐mediated inhibition of IK(IR). Probucol (10 μM) caused a slight reduction in the amplitude of voltage‐dependent L‐type Ca2+ current, but did not affect Ca2+‐activated and voltage‐dependent K+ currents. In the current‐clamp configuration, probucol (10 μM) increased the firing frequency of action potentials. The present study provides substantial evidence that in addition to the presence of antioxidant activity, probucol is a selective blocker of IK(IR), and implies that probucol‐mediated blockade of this current may affect membrane excitability and hormonal secretion in GH3 cells. Drug Dev. Res. 54:1–11, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of fibroblast growth factors 4, 8, and 10 in limbs, flanks, and blastemas of Ambystoma
Authors: Christensen Randolph N. , Weinstein Michael , Tassava Roy A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMembers of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family of molecules are critical to limb outgrowth. Here, we examine the expression of Fgfs in three types of limbs—embryonic (developing), mature (differentiated), and regenerating—as well as in the surrounding non–limb tissues in the Mexican axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum. We have previously cloned partial cDNAs of Fgf4, 8, and 10 from the axolotl (Christensen et al., 2001); the complete Fgf10 cDNA sequence is presented here. Axolotl Fgf10 showed deduced amino acid sequence identity with all other vertebrate Fgf10 coding sequences of >62%, and also included conserved 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions in nucleotide sequence comparisons. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction showed that fibroblast growth factors are differentially expressed in axolotl limbs. Only Fgf8 and 10 were highly expressed during axolotl limb development, although Fgf4, 8, and 10 are all highly expressed during limb development of other vertebrates. Fgf4 expression, however, was highly expressed in the differentiated salamander limb, whereas expression levels of Fgf8 and 10 decreased. Expression levels of Fgf8 and 10 then increased during limb regeneration, whereas Fgf4 expression was completely absent. In addition, axolotl limb regeneration contrasted to limb development of other vertebrates in that Fgf8 did not seem to be as highly expressed in the distal epithelium; rather, its highest expression was found in the blastema mesenchyme. Finally, we investigated the expression of these Fgfs in non–limb tissues. The Fgfs were clearly expressed in developing flank tissue and then severely downregulated in mature flank tissue. Differential Fgf expression levels in the limb and shoulder (limb field) versus in the flank (non–limb field) suggest that FGFs may be instrumental during limb field specification as well as instrumental in maintaining the salamander limb in a state of preparation for regeneration. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterizing gene expression during lens formation in Xenopus laevis: Evaluating the model for embryonic lens induction
Authors: Henry Jonathan J. , Carinato Maria E. , Schaefer Jonathan J. , Wolfe Adam D. , Walter Brian E. , Perry Kimberly J. , Elbl Tricia N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFew directed searches have been undertaken to identify the genes involved in vertebrate lens formation. In the frog Xenopus, the larval cornea can undergo a process of transdifferentiation to form a new lens once the original lens is removed. Based on preliminary evidence, we have shown that this process shares many elements of a common molecular/genetic pathway to that involved in embryonic lens development. A subtracted cDNA library, enriched for genes expressed during cornea‐lens transdifferentiation, was prepared. The similarities/identities of specific clones isolated from the subtracted cDNA library define an expression profile of cells undergoing cornea‐lens transdifferentiation (“lens regeneration”) and corneal wound healing (the latter representing a consequence of the surgery required to trigger transdifferentiation). Screens were undertaken to search for genes expressed during both transdifferentiation and embryonic lens development. Significantly, new genes were recovered that are also expressed during embryonic lens development. The expression of these genes, as well as others known to be expressed during embryonic development in Xenopus, can be correlated with different periods of embryonic lens induction and development, in an attempt to define these events in a molecular context. This information is considered in light of our current working model of embryonic lens induction, in which specific tissue properties and phases of induction have been previously defined in an experimental context. Expression data reveal the existence of further levels of complexity in this process and suggests that individual phases of lens induction and specific tissue properties are not strictly characterized or defined by expression of individual genes. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The bone morphogenic protein antagonist gremlin regulates proximal‐distal patterning of the lung
Authors: Lu Min Min , Yang Honghua , Zhang Lili , Shu Weiguo , Blair Donald G. , Morrisey Edward E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe proximal‐distal patterning of lung epithelium involves a complex series of signaling and transcriptional events resulting in the programmed differentiation of highly specialized cells for gas exchange and surfactant protein expression essential for postnatal lung function. The BMP signaling pathway has been shown to regulate cellular differentiation in the lung as well as other tissues. In this report, we show that the can family of related BMP antagonists, including gremlin, cer‐1, PRDC, and Dan are expressed in the lung during embryonic development with gremlin expression observed in the proximal airway epithelium. The role of gremlin in lung development was explored by overexpressing it in the distal lung epithelium of transgenic mice using the human SP‐C promoter. SP‐C/gremlin transgenic mice exhibited a disruption of the proximal‐distal patterning found in the airways of the mammalian lung. Expanded expression of the proximal epithelial cell markers CC10 and HFH‐4 (Foxj1) was observed in the distal regions of transgenic lungs. Furthermore, smooth muscle α‐actin expression was observed surrounding the distal airways of SP‐C/gremlin mice, indicating a proximalization of distal lung tubules. These data suggest that gremlin plays an important role in lung morphogenesis by regulating the proximal‐distal patterning of the lung during development. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Validation of eating and dieting expectancy measures in two adolescent samples
Authors: Simmons Jean R. , Smith Gregory T. , Hill Kelly K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectiveTo demonstrate the validity of two measures of eating and dieting expectancies (The Eating Expectancy Inventory [EEI] and the Thinness and Restricting Expectancy Inventory, [TREI]) for use with adolescents.MethodSeventh (N = 392) and tenth graders (N = 300) completed the Bulimia Test‐Revised (BULIT‐R), the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI‐II), and two factors of the Three‐Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ).ResultsFindings replicated for the two adolescent samples. The expectancy that thinness leads to overgeneralized life improvement correlated with measures of “successful” dieting, dieting plus disinhibition, and bulimic symptomatology. Expectancies for negative reinforcement from eating (e.g., eating helps manage negative affect and alleviate boredom) correlated with dieting plus disinhibition and bulimic symptoms, but not with successful dieting. Negative reinforcement from eating and reinforcement from thinness expectancies accounted for different bulimic symptom variance than that accounted for by the personality factors of perfectionism, interpersonal distrust, and ineffectiveness.DiscussionResults were consistent with prior work on college and clinical samples, thus supporting use of the expectancy measures with adolescents. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 31: 461–473, 2002.
Le mariage de mon meilleur ami: emotional response categorization and naturally induced emotions
Authors: Niedenthal Paula M. , Dalle Nathalie 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA quasi‐experimental field study was conducted in order to test the generalizability of emotional response categorization (Niedenthal, Halberstadt, & Innes‐Ker, 1999) to naturally induced emotions and to new stimuli in a different language (i.e. French). Individuals were recruited at two weddings to perform a triad task, which assesses the use of semantic and emotional relations in categorization. A manipulation check demonstrated that invitees were feeling intense happiness. Control participants, who reported feeling rather neutral, were recruited from among individuals walking down the street on an average day. Results replicated Niedenthal et al.'s (1999) original finding such that participants who were feeling strong emotion (happiness) used emotional equivalence to a significantly greater degree than did participants in a neutral state. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genetic regulation of ionizing radiation sensitivity and breast cancer risk
Authors: Hu Jennifer J. , Smith Tasha R. , Miller Mark Steven , Lohman Kurt , Case L. Douglas 
Published: August 2002

AbstractGenetic variability in DNA repair may contribute to hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) and susceptibility to breast cancer. We used samples collected from a clinic‐based breast cancer case‐control study to test the working hypothesis that amino acid substitution variants of DNA repair genes may contribute to prolonged cell‐cycle delay following IR and breast cancer risk. Fluorescence‐activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis was used to measure cell‐cycle delay. PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assays were used to determine four genotypes of three DNA repair genes: XRCC1, 194 Arg/Trp and 399 Arg/Gln; XRCC3, 241 Thr/Met; and APE1, 148 Asp/Glu. The data showed that breast cancer patients had a significantly higher delay index than that of controls (P < 0.001); the means ± SD for cases and controls were 36.0 ± 13.1 (n = 118) and 31.4 ± 11.5 (n = 225), respectively. There was a significant dose–response relationship between delay index, categorized into quartiles, and an increasing risk of breast cancer (crude odds ratios: 1.00, 1.00, 1.27, and 2.46, respectively; Ptrend = 0.002). In controls, prolonged cell‐cycle delay was significantly associated with the number of variant alleles in APE1 Asp148Glu and XRCC1 Arg399Gln genotypes (Ptrend = 0.001). Although larger studies are needed to validate the results, our data suggest that an inherited hypersensitivity to IR may contribute to human breast carcinogenesis. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 39:208–215, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.