bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations in CD4+ T Cell Cytokines Profile in Female Patients with
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Following Vitamin D Supplementation: A
Double-blind, Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Chahardoli Reza , Robat-Jazi Behrouz , Azizi Fereidoun , Amouzegar Atieh , Khalili Davood , Zadeh-Vakili Azita , Mansouri Fatemeh , Saboor-Yaraghi Ali Akbar 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease characterized
by the destruction of thyroid cells through immune processes involving T helper (Th)1 cytokines.
This clinical trial investigates the impact of vitamin D supplementation on serum cytokine
levels and gene expression in CD4+ T cells from HT patients, aiming to understand its effects
on Th-1, Th-2, Th-17, and regulatory T (Treg) cell-associated factors.

Methods:
Female patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind design to either a vitamin
D-supplemented group, which received cholecalciferol (1, 25(OH)2D3) at a dose of 50,000 IU,
or the placebo group, which received a weekly placebo for a duration of three months. Serum
cytokine levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while
genes’ expression levels were measured using real-time PCR.

Results:
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and levels exhibited a significant increase following vitamin
D supplementation, in comparison to the placebo group. Additionally, the vitamin D supplementation
resulted in a significant elevation of serum calcium (Ca) levels compared to baseline.
In the vitamin D group, there was a significant decrease in both serum levels and expression
of the interleukin (IL)-17 gene when compared to baseline, although no statistical difference
was observed between the placebo and vitamin D groups. The gene expression of transforming
growth factor-beta (TGFβ) was significantly increased in the vitamin D group compared
to baseline, with no significant difference between the two study groups. Vitamin D
treatment had no effect on serum levels of interferon-gamma (IFNϒ) and IL-4. While the gene
expression of IL-4 in the vitamin D group did not exhibit a statistically significant increase, the
level of GATA3 transcription factor increased significantly when compared to the placebo
group. The expression of IFNϒ and transcription factors, T-bet, RORc, and forkhead box protein
3 (FOXP3) in genes did not show significant changes following vitamin D supplementation.

Conclusion:
The findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may hold potential
benefits for autoimmune diseases, such as HT. However, further longitudinal clinical trials
are necessary to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the specific effects of vitamin D
on HT.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:
IRCT2016110130644N1.
Study of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in Shigella spp. in India
Authors: Vaja Maulikkumar D. , Chokshi Heenaben A. , Jansari Janak J. , Dixit Om S. , Savaliya Shubham S. , Patel Deepak P. , Patel Fenil S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Antimicrobial agents are essential in reducing illness and mortality brought
on by infectious diseases in both humans and animals. However, the therapeutic effect
of antibiotics has diminished due to an increase in antimicrobial drug resistance
(AMR).

:
This article provides a retrospective analysis of AMR in Shigella infections in India,
showing a rise in resistance that has contributed to a global burden.

:
Shigella spp. are widespread and the second-leading cause of diarrheal death in people
of all ages. The frequency and mortality rates of Shigella infections are decreased by
antibiotic treatment. However, the growth of broad-spectrum antibiotic resistance is
making it more difficult to treat many illnesses. Reduced cell permeability, efflux
pumps, and the presence of enzymes that break down antibiotics are the causes of resistance.

:
AMR is a multifaceted and cross-sectoral problem that affects humans, animals, food,
and the environment.

:
As a result, there is a growing need for new therapeutic approaches, and ongoing surveillance
of Shigella spp. infections which should definitely be improved for disease
prevention and management.

:
This review emphasizes on the epidemiological data of India, and antimicrobial resistance
in Shigella spp.
Comparing Walking-Related Everyday Life Tasks of Children with Gait Disorders in a Virtual Reality Setup With a Physical Setup: Cross-Sectional Noninferiority Study
Authors: Rhiel Sophia , Kläy Andrina , Keller Urs , van Hedel Hubertus J A , Ammann-Reiffer Corinne 
Published: February 2024

Background
A frequent rehabilitation goal for children with gait disorders is to practice daily-life walking activities. Unfortunately, these are often difficult to practice in a conventional therapeutic setting. Virtual reality (VR) with head-mounted displays (HMDs) could be a promising approach in neurorehabilitation to train such activities in a safe environment. First, however, we must know whether obstacles in VR are indeed mastered as obstacles.

Objective
This study aimed to provide information on whether VR is feasible and motivating to induce and practice movements needed to master real obstacles in children and adolescents with gait disorders. Furthermore, this project aims to evaluate which kinds of everyday walking activities are appropriate to be practiced in VR.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, participants stepped over a bar, crossed a gap, balanced over a beam, and circumvented stationary obstructions arranged in a course under real physical and virtual conditions wearing a VR HMD. We recorded the respective primary outcomes (step height, step length, step width, and minimal shoulder-obstacle distance) with motion capture. We then calculated the mean differences and 95% CI of the spatiotemporal parameters between the VR and physical setup and later compared them using noninferiority analysis with margins defined a priori by a clinical expert panel. Additionally, the participants responded to a standardized questionnaire while the therapists observed and evaluated their movement performance.

Results
We recruited 20 participants (mean age 12.0, range 6.6-17.8 years) with various diagnoses affecting their walking ability. At 3.77 (95% CI 1.28 to 6.26) cm, the mean difference in step height of the leading foot in the overstepping task did not exceed the predefined margin of –2 cm, thus signifying noninferiority of the VR condition compared to mastering the physical obstacles. The same was true for step length (–1.75, 95% CI –4.91 to 1.41 cm; margin –10 cm), step width (1.05, 95% CI 0.20 to –1.90 cm; margin 3 cm), and the minimal shoulder-obstacle distance (0.25, 95% CI –0.85 to 0.35 cm; margin –2 cm) in the other tasks. Only the trailing foot in the overstepping task yielded inconclusive results.

Conclusions
Children with gait disorders perform everyday walking tasks like overstepping, crossing, balancing, or circumventing similarly in physical and VR environments, suggesting that VR could be a feasible therapeutic tool to practice everyday walking tasks.
Physical Activity, Heart Rate Variability, and Ventricular Arrhythmia During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Texiwala Sikander Z , de Souza Russell J , Turner Suzette , Singh Sheldon M 
Published: February 2024

Background
Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) increase with stress and national disasters. Prior research has reported that VA did not increase during the onset of the COVID-19 lockdown in March 2020, and the mechanism for this is unknown.

Objective
This study aimed to report the presence of VA and changes in 2 factors associated with VA (physical activity and heart rate variability [HRV]) at the onset of COVID-19 lockdown measures in Ontario, Canada.

Methods
Patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) followed at a regional cardiac center in Ontario, Canada with data available for both HRV and physical activity between March 1 and 31, 2020, were included. HRV, physical activity, and the presence of VA were determined during the pre- (March 1-10, 2020) and immediate postlockdown (March 11-31) period. When available, these data were determined for the same period in 2019.

Results
In total, 68 patients had complete data for 2020, and 40 patients had complete data for 2019. Three (7.5%) patients had VA in March 2019, whereas none had VA in March 2020 (P=.048). Physical activity was reduced during the postlockdown period (mean 2.3, SD 1.6 hours vs mean 2.1, SD 1.6 hours; P=.003). HRV was unchanged during the pre- and postlockdown period (mean 91, SD 30 ms vs mean 92, SD 28 ms; P=.84).

Conclusions
VA was infrequent during the COVID-19 pandemic. A reduction in physical activity with lockdown maneuvers may explain this observation.
Perancangan Sistem Penjualan Suku Cadang Barang Elektronik Rumah Tangga di Toko Aneka Jaya Sparepart Berbasis Android
Authors: Priyaka Mahawan Primbar , Hidayatullah Reko Syarief , Harli Eko 
Published: February 2024

Penjualan merupakan kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk menjual-belikan suatu barang atau jasa dengan kesepakatan dari pihak penjual dan pembeli. Kemajuan teknologi yang saat ini semakin pesat, terutama teknologi pada sistem berbasis android menuntut untuk mengembangkan teknologi salah satunya yaitu perancagan sistem penjualan suku cadang barang elektronik rumah tangga. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk merancang sebuah sistem yang mempermudah pihak toko dalam proses pendataan suku cadang barang, melakukan penjualan suku cadang barang elektronik rumah tangga secara optimal, menyelesaikan masalah yang berhubungan dengan penjualan dan membuat laporan secara komputerisasi dengan akurat. Saat ini proses yang dilakukan pada pendataan, penjualan, hilangnya rekapan nota dan laporan stok barang maupun penjualan suku cadang barang elektronik rumah tangga saat ini masih menggunakan media kertas dalam melakukan proses berjalannya. Dengan dirancangnya sistem penjualan suku cadang barang elektronik rumah tangga, sistem ini dapat mempermudah dan mengoptimalkan proses yang berjalan pada sebelumnya. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode Research and Development (Metode Penelitian dan pengembangan). Metode Research and Development yaitu kajian tentang bagaimana membuat rancangan, mengembangkan atau menghasilkan produk dan menguji keefektifan kinerja produk tersebut. Dengan adanya perancangan sistem penjualan suku cadang barang elektronik rumah tangga meningkatkan dan mengoptimalkan penjualan barang secara akurat.
Monitoring Pertumbuhan Kecambah Kacang Hijau Menggunakan Region Growing
Authors: Ayudewi Fadlillah Mukti , Yudhana Anton , Umar Rusydi 
Published: February 2024

Pada bidang pertanian perkembangan teknologi informasi diharapkan dapat memaksimalkan kualitas hasil pertanian dan mengurangi resiko gagal panen yang diakibatkan kurangnya monitoring pertumbuhan tanaman. Monitoring secara manual oleh manusia kurang optimal yang diakibatkan oleh keterbatasan fisik manusia seperti kelelahan dan kurangnya ketelitian. Monitoring pertumbuhan tanaman menggunakan pengolahan citra merupakan alternatif untuk mengurangi resiko gagal panen yang diakibatkan kurangnya monitoring pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan fungsi monitoring pertumbuhan tanaman menggunakan metode region growing dan aplikasi Matlab dengan objek kecambah kacang hijau. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan penanaman 30 kecambah kacang hijau menggunakan media tanam rockwool. Proses penelitian dilakukan dengan pengambilan gambar secara digital pada pagi dan malam hari selama empat hari, merubah aras warna (Red Green Blue) menjadi grayscale, melakukan cropping citra dan kemudian menghitung pertumbuhan tanaman menggunakan region growing. Region growing merupakan metode pengelompokkan piksel-piksel atau sub wilayah menjadi wilayah yang lebih besar bedasarkan kriteria yang telah didefinisikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan region growing dapat digunakan untuk menghitung pertumbuhan panjang kecambah dengan tingkat error sebesar 4,02 %.
Klasifikasi Kanker Kulit Menggunakan Metode Deep Learning
Authors: Ashari Muhammad Rizal , Sari Zamah , Rizki Didih 
Published: February 2024

Kulit merupakan salah satu komponen penting bagi manusia, salah satunya untuk melindungi tubuh manusia dari paparan langsung oleh ultraviolet atau sinar matahari. Sinar matahari merupakan sumber vitamin bagi tubuh manusia dan juga mempunyai banyak manfaat bagi tubuh manusia, akan tetapi sinar matahari yang berlebihan juga mengakibatkan kerusakan sel yang terdapat pada kulit, sehingga ketika kulit menerima sinar matahari yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan kanker kulit. Kanker kulit adalah penyakit yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh sianar ultavioet yang berlebih yang diterima oleh kulit manusia. Penyakit ini terjadi dan berkembang pada lapisan kulit bagian atas dan efeknya dapat dilihat dengan mata manusia dengan ditandai munculnya benjolan pada kulit atau berbentuk seperti tahilalat dengan ukuran dan bentuk yang tidak normal. Pada umumnya, orang masih banyak yang belum mengerti apa saja gejala atau bentuk dari penyakit kanker kulit ini dan sering di hiraukan. Metode Deep learning merupakan salah satu pembelajaran mesin yang banyak digunakan saat ini untuk pengenalan gambar. Pada saat ini telah banyak penelitian yang bertujuan untuk membuat suatu sistem klasifikasi pada penyakit kanker kulit yang yang berbasis machine learning yang memiliki hasil yang akurat dan cepat. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode Deep learning dengan menggunakan model DenseNet121 dengan menggunakan jumlah data sebanyak 3297 citra. Pada percobaan yang telah dilakukan pada penelitian ini hasil akurasi terbaik yang didapatkan sebasar 90.63% yang didapatkan dari hasil training menggunakan model DenseNet121.
ETHNO PARENTING SUKU JAWA: NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM TRADISI SEPASARAN, SELAPANAN DAN PITON-PITON DI SUKU JAWA PARIT KELADI KECAMATAN SUNGAI KAKAP KUBU RAYA
Authors: Andana Sefira , Yusdiana Yusdiana 
Published: February 2024

Tulisan ini membahas tentang praktik dan nilai pendidikan Islam dalam Tradisi Sepasaran, Selapanan dan Piton-piton pada suku Jawa Parit Keladi Kecamatan Sungai Kakap Kubu Raya. Sepasaran, Selapanan dan Piton-piton adalah istilah yang digunakan masyarakat setempat untuk syukuran atas kelahiran anak dengan selamat dan sehat. Dalam bahasa Jawa setempat, Sepasaran memiliki arti pupak puser ( lepasnya pusar pada bayi yang baru lahir ), Selapanan adalah kegiatan menggunting rambut bayi pada saat umur 35 hari dengan dibacakan albarzanji. Kemudian Piton-piton yang memiliki arti turun tanah disaat umur anak genap berusia 7 bulan dan dimandikan dengan air bunga yang diberi uang logam. Riset mini ini menggunakan metode deskripstif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data didapat dari warga setempat yang merupakan penduduk Jawa asli yang berimigrasi ke desa Parit Keladi. Tradisi ini didalamnya mengandung nilai pendidikan Islam seperti selalu bersyukur atas karunia anak yang diberikan Allah SWT, berbagi atau sedekah dengan materi yang baik, senantiasa memberikan kabar baik kepada tetangga dan orang terdekat dan selalu menjaga silaturrahmi atau ukhuwah kepada sesama
Posterior superior alveolar artery – an anatomical and clinical case report
Authors: Dworski Kamil , Mazurek Mateusz , Domański Jurand 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
During a routine dissection of infratemporal fossa on educational purposes abnormality of posterior superior alveolar artery was found. This abnormality stays in relation to atypical anatomy of the facial artery in this cadaver. Such an unusual course of branches may have a profound meaning during surgery in the infratemporal and facial area and might have educational value. A case report was conducted using routine dissection techniques, and the material was accessed through a local informed donation program.
Introducing Greenery into a Building Based on its Impact on Human Wellbeing – Review of Theories and Methods in Architecture
Authors: Zielonko-Jung Katarzyna , Wróblewska Anna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The presence of greenery around and within buildings is an integral aspect of architectural space. Although scientific knowledge regarding the impact of greenery on human well-being is expanding, there remains a scarcity of guidelines for implementing this knowledge in architectural design. This review article aims to lay the foundation for further research dedicated to supporting architectural design in the seamless integration of greenery as a co-creative element within human living space. Existing review literature is diverse and dispersed across various scientific disciplines, addressing distinct objectives, approaches, and research methodologies. Consequently, this review initially concentrates on an in-depth exploration of the broad topic of perception in architecture, highlighting significant theories and methods. Subsequently, the analysis extends to the current state of research specifically centred on well-being and the perception of greenery in the built environment. The evaluation emphasizes criteria conducive to obtaining objective, quantitative results. Finally, considering their stages of development, the available research methods are categorized and those most pertinent to the field of architecture are identified.
Structural Reliability Assessment Including Variability of Reinforcement Cover Based on Measurements on Selected Buildings
Authors: Sieńkowska-Szpetnar Katarzyna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article presents the results of reinforcement cover thickness measurements carried out in several buildings erected in 2022 in Rzeszów. The results of the measurements are presented in two variants depending on the reinforcement cover thickness assumed by the designer: the first variant contains all the results and the second contains results only from places where the designed cover thickness was 25 mm. For both variants, a histogram of the percentage deviation from the design value was determined and mean values, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and maximum values of negative and positive deviation were calculated. The obtained reinforcement cover thickness distributions were used to determine the reliability of a floor slab with a simply supported beam static scheme. Analyses were carried out for 4 slabs differing in span, thickness and selected reinforcement. Using the FORM analytical method, values for the reliability index and probability of failure were determined. The reliability index values obtained were compared with the values required by EC 1990 and ISO 2394. The results obtained did not meet the standard requirements.
Experimental Investigation on the Properties of Street and Sidewalk Cleaning Waste
Authors: Gronba-Chyła Anna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
One of the municipal waste streams is street cleaning waste, classified under code 20 03 03. They are not considered hazardous waste. Due to the lack of other management technology, they are sent to landfills. This waste, among other things, by its high chloride content especially after winter, can contribute to changes in the salinity of surface and groundwater and soil salinization, which consequently contributes to changes in the local environment and entire ecosystems. As it is deposited entirely in landfills, it also contributes to the salinity of leachate generated here. The Regulation of the Minister of Economy of July 16, 2015, on allowing waste to be deposited in landfills, the total organic carbon in waste deposited in non-hazardous and inert waste landfills must not exceed 5% of dry weight. The purpose of this article is to present a study of the quality of the waste on parameters like water content, organic and mineral fraction in the dry weight of the waste, and fractional separation. The water content of the waste ranged from 12–27%, while the mineral fraction in the dry weight was 91–94%. The smallest fraction below 0.05 mm accounted for 0d 1.8 to 4.5%.
Vibration Reduction with Rubber-Metal Cab Supports
Authors: Bezruchko Alexander Fomich , Zezetko Nikolai Ivanovich , Vainola Vello , Tanaś Wojciech , Szymanek Mariusz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the possibility of improving the vibration isolation of a tractor cab by changing the stiffness of its rubber-metal supports. A spectral analysis of the vibration isolation properties of these supports is presented. The research was conducted on a BELARUS 1221 tractor at idling, at the maximum engine speed, with no load. The cab was mounted on rubber-metal vibration absorbers of serial design with different rubber hardness. Measurements were made with a first class certified Oktava 101VM instrument with registration of RMS acceleration values, expressed in dB, in the frequency range of 8-1000 Hz. The instrument was set in “local vibration” mode. The AR2082M probe was attached to the respective measurement points using adhesive. Mathematical relationships are given to optimize the work on the development of a new and upgraded design of the rubber-metal supports in use. It is shown that varying the stiffness of the rubber-metal supports has different effects in the low and high frequencies of the spectrum. A stiff support is effective in damping low-frequency vibrations but degrades the support’s properties in damping high-frequency vibrations, and vice versa. A soft support is more effective at higher frequencies and reduces the effectiveness of the support at lower frequencies.
Optimization of the Modes of Pre-Sowing Electrical Stimulation of Winter Rape Seeds Based on the Study of the Intensity of Single Photon Emission by Them
Authors: Kovalyshyn Stepan , Ptashnyk Vadym , Nester Bohdan , Kielbasa Pawel , Ovcharuk Oleh , Kovalyshyn Oleg , Tkach Oleg , Biliuk Mykola , Shubenko Vladyslav 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The article presents the results that can be a prerequisite for the introduction of a pre-sowing electrotreatment of winter rape seeds into the production process. The results of photon emission by rape seeds after electrical stimulation are highly correlated with the data obtained during determination of its sowing qualities and field germination. Absorption and transformation of the energy of the external electric field during the electrostimulation of winter rape seeds occurs non-linearly. It was established that the main transformations take place during the first 15 s, regardless of the electric field intensity. Relaxation processes were revealed, which become dominant after 15 s of electrical stimulation. The pre-sowing electrical stimulation improved the sowing properties of winter rapeseed. The highest values of germination energy and laboratory germination (87% and 96%), which exceeded the control by 9% and 8%, were obtained under the treatment mode E=2 kV·cm−1, t=30 s. Pre-sowing electrostimulation of winter rape seeds at optimal conditions helps to increase its field germination. Under the treatment mode E=2 kV·cm−1, t=30 s was 90%, and with E=3 kV·cm−1, t=30 s – 83% versus 79.7% in the control.
Forced Migration in the Asia Pacific Region: A History of Predictable Crises
Authors: Larking Emma 
Published: February 2024

Summary
The focus of this article is on how forced migration is regulated in the Asia Pacific region. While each new case of mass migration is widely characterised as an unprecedented crisis, history shows that much about these ‘crises’ was perfectly predictable. Resort to what Charlesworth identifies as ‘crisis mode’ short-circuits historical perspectives and obscures structural injustice. If we step back from the language of crisis, we can turn our focus to what the legal and institutional contexts in which forced migration occurs and that make it such a devastating experience.