bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remote sensing biodiversity monitoring in Latin America: Emerging need for sustained local research and regional collaboration to achieve global goals
Authors: Garzon‐Lopez Carol X. , Miranda Alejandro , Moya Daniel , Andreo Veronica 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimBiodiversity monitoring at global scales has been identified as one of the priorities to halt biodiversity loss. In this context, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), home to 60% of the global biodiversity, play an important role in the development of an integrative biodiversity monitoring platform. In this review, we explore to what extent LAC has advanced in the adoption of remote sensing for biodiversity monitoring and what are the gaps and opportunities to integrate local monitoring into global efforts to halt biodiversity loss.LocationLatin America and the Caribbean.Time period1995 to 2022.Taxa studiedTerrestrial organisms.MethodsWe reviewed the application of remote sensing for biodiversity monitoring in LAC aiming to identify gaps and opportunities across countries, ecosystem types and research networks.ResultsOur analysis illustrates how the use of remote sensing in LAC is disproportionately low in relation to the biodiversity it supports.Main conclusionsBuild upon this analysis, we present, discuss and offer perspectives regarding four gaps identified in the application of remote sensing for biodiversity monitoring in Latin America and the Caribbean, namely (1) alignment between remote sensing data resolution and ecosystem structure; (2) investment in research, institutions and capacity building within researchers and stakeholders; (3) decolonized practices that promote access to publishing outlets and pluralistic participation among countries that facilitate exchange of experiences and capacity building; and (4) development of networks within and across regions to advance in ground surveys, ensure access and to foster the use of remote sensing data.
Mean landscape‐scale incidence of species in discrete habitats is patch size dependent
Authors: Deane David C. , Hui Cang , McGeoch Melodie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimA pervasive negative relationship between the species richness of an assemblage and the mean global range size of the species it contains has recently been identified. Here, we test for an effect of habitat patch size on the mean landscape‐scale incidence (estimating local range size) of constituent species independent of variation in richness.LocationGlobal.Time PeriodContemporary.Major Taxa StudiedVarious.MethodsWe devised a new standardized patch‐scale metric, Mean Species Landscape‐scale Incidences per Patch (MSLIP). Positive values indicate a patch contains more widespread (high‐incidence) species than expected relative to their frequency in the landscape; negative values indicate the presence of more narrow‐range (low‐incidence) species. For 202 metacommunity datasets (archipelagos, habitat islands and fragments) we regressed MSLIP on patch size, testing four hypotheses: (i) no effect (zero slope), (ii) more widespread species in smaller patches (negative slope), (iii) more narrow‐range species in smaller patches (positive slope), (iv) a composite effect (curvilinear/unimodal).ResultsThere was a generally negative curvilinear relationship between MSLIP and patch size, consistent with smaller and larger patches respectively containing more high‐ and low‐incidence species than expected. At intermediate patch sizes, mean species incidence approximates that of the overall landscape. Relative richness mediated this relationship; species‐rich sites of any size increasingly favoured low‐incidence species, species‐poor sites high‐incidence species. Results were consistent for taxonomic groups, and metacommunity types, except aquatic habitat islands.Main ConclusionsThe dependence of mean species incidence on both patch size and relative richness has implications for biodiversity and community assembly theory, or when seeking to understand ecological processes sensitive to species composition (e.g., ecosystem functioning, trophic web structures). We propose the ‘patch size where the MSLIP regression intersects zero’ as a benchmark distinguishing smaller from larger patches, with the expectation small patches preferentially support more high‐incidence and large patches more low‐incidence species.
Effect of cobalt oxide on characteristics of micro‐arc oxidation coatings on TC11 alloy
Authors: Zhu Manlan , Lan Xinyue , Wang Ping , Luo Qiming , Sun Fengyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn order to improve the comprehensive performance of TC11 titanium alloy and make it more widely used in the field of oil and gas wells, cobalt oxide micro‐powder from 0 to 0.8 g·L−1 was added in the electrolyte. The effects of cobalt oxide micro‐powder concentration on properties of micro‐arc oxidation (MAO) coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical workstation. With cobalt oxide micro‐powder increased, the oxide voltage increased, and the discharge coating micropores became more uniform. The increase in thickness and hardness also improved corrosion resistance. The comprehensive performance after added 0.6 g·L−1 of cobalt oxide was the best, with a doubling increase in thickness and hardness, reaching 32.1 µm and 721.2 HV, respectively. The corrosion rate reduced to 4.19 × 10−10 mm·a−1, which reduced by three orders of magnitude. In addition, the substrates and samples prepared with 0.6 g·L−1 cobalt oxidation were used for the erosion corrosion tests in different NaCl solutions, and it was found that the weight loss and rate of the MAO sample (slight corrosion) were lower than substrates, indicating that the cobalt oxide doped coatings had better corrosion resistance.
Formulation and characterisation of liposome loaded with shrimp shell chitooligosaccharide‐gallic acid conjugate as influenced by different stabilisers
Authors: Benjakul Soottawat , Mittal Ajay , Palamae Suriya , Saetang Jirakrit , Nuthong Pornpot , Singh Avtar 
Published: January 2024

SummaryEncapsulation efficiency (EE), structure, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of liposomes loaded with chitooligosaccharide–gallic acid conjugate (COS–GAL) as affected by cholesterol (CHO) and ascorbyl palmitate (AP) as stabilisers were investigated. In addition, release kinetics and in vitro digestion of selected liposomes were also studied. The higher EE was obtained for liposome (AP/COS–GAL) stabilised by 0.50% AP, when used to encapsulate 0.10% COS–GAL conjugate. The highest EE was noticed for 0.25% CHO when used to encapsulate 1.00% conjugate (CHO/COS–GAL) as compared to the counterparts (P < 0.05). Almost similar antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were noticed for all COS–GAL liposomes and COS–GAL powder. Microstructure study suggested the formation of bilayer in liposomes. CHO/COS–GAL showed a lower release efficiency than the AP/COS–GAL. CHO/COS–GAL was also able to protect conjugate during the in vitro digestion. Therefore, liposomes could be used as a promising carrier of COS–GAL conjugate in both foods as well as medical systems.
The effects of a mindfulness‐based stress reduction program and deep relaxation exercises on pregnancy‐related anxiety levels: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gökbulut Nilay , Cengizhan Sıdıka Özlem , Akça Emine Ibici , Ceran Ebru 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThe present study aimed to examine the effects of a mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) program and deep relaxation exercises on pregnancy‐related anxiety levels.Materials and MethodsThis randomized parallel‐group controlled trial was conducted with 95 pregnant women (MBSR: n = 32, deep relaxation exercises: n = 31, control: n = 32) between 1 August and 15 October 2022 with pregnant women who were registered at the pregnancy outpatient clinics of a hospital in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. CONSORT guidelines were followed in our study. The participants in the MBSR group were given an eight‐session MBSR program, consisting of two sessions per week for 4 weeks, whereas the participants in the deep relaxation exercises group were asked to do exercises at home with deep relaxation videos four times a week for 4 weeks. The participants in the control group received only routine prenatal care.ResultsThe mean PRAQ‐R2 Fear of Giving Birth subscale scores of the participants in the MBSR and deep relaxation exercises groups after the intervention were lower than that of the participants in the control group. Additionally, the mean total PRAQ‐R2, PRAQ‐R2 Worries about Bearing a Physically or Mentally Handicapped Child subscale and PRAQ‐R2 Concern about One's Own Appearance subscale scores of the participants in the MBSR group were found to be significantly lower than the scores of those in the deep relaxation exercises and control groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe MBSR program is an effective method for reducing pregnancy‐related anxiety levels. Additionally, deep relaxation exercises are alternative practices for reducing the fear of giving birth among pregnant women.Trial registration: NCT05447000
Fabrication of precursor‐derived high‐flux SiOC ceramic membranes via selective laser printing
Authors: Wang Kanglong , Xiao Hanning , Yin Jie , Chen Xiao , Liu Xuejian , Huang Zhengren 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPorous SiC ceramics are preferable materials for industrial applications such as hot gas filtration and microfiltration, some areas of fine filtration exist where complex structures of ceramic components are required. In this study, a novel method was employed for preparing high‐flux ceramic membranes via selective laser printing. The powder used for laser printing is a laboratory‐prepared polysiloxane powder, which can be pyrolyzed under relatively lower temperatures to obtain SiOC ceramic membranes. From the results of characterization and testing, the obtained ceramic membranes exhibited inimitable pore microstructure, high porosity, and outstanding filtering performance. Laser printing demonstrated good potential to be a strong candidate for the next generation of ceramic membrane fabrication technology.
Efficacy and safety of piclidenoson in plaque psoriasis: Results from a randomized phase 3 clinical trial (COMFORT‐1)
Authors: Papp K. A. , Beyska‐Rizova S. , Gantcheva M. L. , Slavcheva Simeonova E. , Brezoev P. , Celic M. , Groppa L. , Blicharski T. , Selmanagic A. , Kalicka‐Dudzik M. , Calin C. A. , Trailovic N. , Ramon M. , Bareket‐Samish A. , Harpaz Z. , Farbstein M. , Silverman M. H. , Fishman P. ,   the COMFORT‐1 Study Investigators
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveA3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) is overexpressed in the skin and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of psoriasis patients. We investigated the efficacy/safety of piclidenoson (CF101), an orally bioavailable A3AR agonist that inhibits IL‐17 and IL‐23 production in keratinocytes, in moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis.MethodsThe randomized, placebo‐ and active‐controlled, double‐blind phase 3 COMFORT‐1 trial randomized patients (3:3:3:2) to piclidenoson 2 mg BID, piclidenoson 3 mg BID, apremilast 30 mg BID or placebo. At Week 16, patients in the placebo arm were re‐randomized (1:1:1) to piclidenoson 2 mg BID, piclidenoson 3 mg BID or apremilast 30 mg BID. The primary end point was the proportion of patients achieving ≥75% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) from baseline (PASI‐75) at Week 16 versus placebo.ResultsA total of 529 patients were randomized and received ≥1 dose of study medication (safety population). The efficacy analysis population for the primary end point included 426 patients (piclidenoson 2 mg BID, 127; piclidenoson 3 mg BID, 103; apremilast, 118; placebo, 78). Piclidenoson at 2 and 3 mg BID exhibited similar efficacy. The primary end point was met with the 3 mg BID dose: PASI 75 rate of 9.7% versus 2.6% for piclidenoson versus placebo, p = 0.037. The PASI responses with piclidenoson continued to increase throughout the study period in a linear manner. At week 32, analysis in the per‐protocol population showed that a greater proportion of patients in the piclidenoson 3 mg BID arm (51/88, 58.0%) achieved improvement from baseline in Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI) compared to apremilast (59/108, 55.1%), and the test for noninferiority trended towards significance (p = 0.072). The safety/tolerability profile of piclidenoson was excellent and superior to apremilast.ConclusionsPiclidenoson demonstrated efficacy responses that increased over time alongside a favourable safety profile. These findings support its continued clinical development as a psoriasis treatment (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03168256).
Predictability and conceptual repeatability of the predator‐associated burst speed ecophenotype in western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)
Authors: Blanchard Rose C. , DeWitt Thomas J. , Young Sharmila , Perkin Joshuah S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPredation exerts strong selection pressure on morphological traits and is often studied in freshwater fishes. A common morphological ecophenotype driven by predation from pursuit predators is the predator‐associated burst speed (PABS) ecophenotype. This ecophenotype, characterized by a smaller head, smaller body, and larger caudal region, is commonly found in western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) residing in environments with sunfish (family Centrarchidae) predators. However, the repeatability and transferability of the PABS ecophenotype across populations have not been tested. The four objectives of this study were to (1) assess the repeatability of methods to confirm the presence of the PABS ecophenotype in independent populations, (2) test whether morphology is correlated with predator abundance, (3) assess the repeatability of utilizing a discriminant function analysis (DFA) to accurately classify fish to predator status, and (4) use a DFA to conduct a cross‐validation test of the PABS model using previously studied populations of G. affinis to predict predator status of newly studied populations. There was consistency in the occurrence of the PABS ecophenotype among populations with predators. Permuted MANOVA (PMANOVA) models fit to each dataset revealed a significant effect of collection site nested within predator status (i.e., presence or absence of predator), suggesting location‐specific variations of the PABS ecophenotype. In addition, a PMANOVA model fit to body shape as a function of predator abundance (i.e., 0, 0.1–1.0, or >1.0 predators per minute of electrofishing) revealed a significant effect of predation level in the newly studied populations, suggesting morphology differs among populations with varying predator abundances. Cross‐study validation of the DFA revealed low between‐study accuracy compared to within‐study accuracy, but elongation of the caudal region in the presence of predators was consistent across studies. Our findings ultimately suggest that although the PABS ecophenotype at studied locations provides partial predictive capacity at unstudied locations, the nature and magnitude of the PABS ecophenotype depend on environmental settings, encounter histories with predators, level of abundance of predators, or other spatially structured mechanisms.
The role of platelet‐rich plasma in androgenetic alopecia: A systematic review
Authors: Donnelly C. , Minty I. , Dsouza A. , Wong Y. Y. , Mukhopadhyay I. , Nagarajan V. , Rupra R. , Charles W. N. , Khajuria A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA), also referred to as male or female pattern hair loss, is the commonest cause of chronic hair loss and affects up to 80% of men by the age of 70. Despite a high prevalence, there are few approved therapies, which show minimal efficacy.ObjectivesThis systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of platelet‐rich plasma (PrP) in the treatment of AGA in male patients.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane (CENTRAL), CINAHL, clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar and the Science Citation Index database were searched to identify eligible studies. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies related to PrP use in AGA were included. Primary outcomes included changes in hair density and hair count. Methodological quality was assessed using bias assessment tools.ResultsEight RCTs and one cohort study were included in the review with a total of 291 participants. Six studies reported a statistically significant increase in hair density in the PrP group versus the control. Five studies reported a statistically significant increase in hair count with PrP. Seven studies showed moderate risk and two showed low risk of bias.ConclusionIn a methodologically robust review on the effectiveness of PrP on male AGA, PrP demonstrated some potential to be used therapeutically. However, the low quality of evidence, moderate risk of bias, and high heterogeneity of included studies limit inferences and call for more robust designs to investigate this further.
Nurse‐led clinics in primary health care: A scoping review of contemporary definitions, implementation enablers and barriers and their health impact
Authors: Terry Daniel , Hills Danny , Bradley Cressida , Govan Linda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsTo define nurse‐led clinics in primary health care, identify barriers and enablers that influence their successful implementation, and understand what impact they have on patient and population health outcomes.BackgroundNurse‐led clinics definitions remain inconsistent. There is limited understanding regarding what enablers and barriers impact successful nurse‐led clinic implementation and their impact on patient health care.DesignScoping review using narrative synthesis.MethodsPubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched to identify nurse‐led clinic definitions and models of care between 2000 and 2023. Screening and selection of studies were based on eligibility criteria and methodological quality assessment. Narrative synthesis enabled to communicate the phenomena of interest and follows the PRISMA for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) checklist.ResultsAmong the 36 identified studies, key principles of what constitutes nurse‐led clinics were articulated providing a robust definition. Nurse‐led clinics are, in most cases, commensurate with standard care, however, they provide more time with patients leading to greater satisfaction. Enablers highlight nurse‐led clinic success is achieved through champions, partners, systems, and clear processes, while barriers encompass key risk points and sustainability considerations.ConclusionThe review highlights several fundamental elements are central to nurse‐led clinic success and are highly recommended when developing interventional nurse‐led strategies. Nurse‐led clinics within primary health care seek to address health care through community driven, health professional and policy supported strategies. Overall, a robust and contemporary definition of nurse‐led care and the clinics in which they operate is provided.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe comprehensive definition, clear mediators of success and the health impact of nurse‐led clinics provide a clear framework to effectively build greater capacity among nursing services within primary health care. This, in addition, highlights the need for good health care policy to ensure sustainability.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Development of clinical items to identify dysphagia in patients with dementia—An e‐Delphi study
Authors: Palli Christoph , Mack Sandra , Müller Gerhard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo identify clinical observable items that can be used to identify dysphagia while observing a typical eating situation.DesignA three‐round e‐Delphi survey.MethodsAn expert panel consisting of five nurses, eight speech language therapists and five physicians participated in this three‐round e‐Delphi survey from November 2022 to January 2023. Round 1 presented the results of a literature research conducted in September 2022 and an open question to the participants. The answers were analysed using the content analysis method. In the following rounds, the results were presented back to the participants with a request to rate them for usefulness. Means, standard deviations, ANOVA and Fisher's exact test were used to demonstrate the panel's opinion, level of agreement, demographic characteristics of the participants as well as differences between the professional groups in regard of the rating of the items. Methods and results are reported in accordance with the ‘Guidance on Conducting and Reporting Delphi Studies’ (CREDES).ResultsThe content analysis initially generated 36 items suggested by the expert panel. Seven additional items were incorporated from the literature review. In rounds 2 and 3, a 4‐point Likert scale was used to rate each item and to calculate the level of agreement. The predetermined level of agreement exceeded 70% for 23 items.ConclusionBased on the expert opinions, it is possible for nurses to identify dysphagia in patients with dementia by using the determined 23 items while observing a typical eating situation.Patient or Public ContributionsThe expert panel contributed to the creation of this study by participating in the Delphi rounds.Implications for the profession and/or patient careThe 23 items determined in this e‐Delphi study enable nurses to make dietary adjustments or consult other members of the multidisciplinary team based on available evidence, enabling complications to be avoided.ImpactWhat problem did the study address? This study provides evidence regarding the identification of dysphagia in patients with dementia by nurses.What were the main findings? Twenty‐three items were determined by an expert panel that can be used by nurses to identify dysphagia in patients with dementia while observing a typical eating situation.Where and on whom will the research have an impact? This research will have an impact on patients with dementia and the nurses caring for them.Reporting methodMethods and results are reported in accordance with the ‘Guidance on Conducting and Reporting Delphi Studies’ (CREDES) (Jünger et al., 2017), which promotes consistency and quality in conducting Delphi studies.
Stress of being outed to parents, LGBTQ family support, and depressive symptoms among sexual and gender diverse youth
Authors: McCauley Peter S. , Del Farno Alexander J. , Caba Antonia E. , Renley Benton M. , Shuler Shaylynne , Eaton Lisa A. , Watson Ryan J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLimited scholarship has explored how a lack of agency in identity disclosure (being “outed”) to parents is associated with mental health experiences of sexual and gender diverse youth (SGDY). With a national sample of SGDY (N = 9272; 66.8% White non‐Hispanic) aged 13–17 (Mage = 15.63, SD = 1.24), this study first compared social position differences between SGDY who were outed to their parents compared to those not outed, and second, investigated how the stress from being outed to parents was associated with LGBTQ family support and depressive symptoms. Results revealed that SGDY who were outed to their parents reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and lower amounts of LGBTQ family support than SGDY who were not outed to their parents. In addition, greater stress from being outed to parents was indirectly associated with higher depressive symptoms through lower LGBTQ family support. These relationships significantly varied across gender identity. Findings highlight the importance of instilling greater agency in disclosure experiences among SGDY.