bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robot-Assisted Pelvic Dissection for Enlarged Lymph Nodes in Melanoma Improves Recovery with Equivalent Oncological Outcomes to Open Pelvic Dissection
Authors: Roshan Amit , Shah Bhumi , Anderson Keith D. , Murphy Suzanne , Thomas Benjamin , McPhee Arthur S. , Lamb Benjamin W. , Durrani Amer J. , Patel Animesh J. K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Robot-assisted pelvic lymph node dissection (rPLND) has been reported in heterogenous groups of patients with melanoma, including macroscopic or at-high-risk-for microscopic metastasis. With changing indications for surgery in melanoma, and availability of effective systemic therapies, pelvic dissection is now performed for clinically detected bulky lymph node metastasis followed by adjuvant drug therapy. rPLND has not been compared with open pelvic lymph node dissection (oPLND) for modern practice.

Methods
All patients undergoing pelvic node dissection for macroscopic melanoma at a single institution were reviewed as a cohort, observational study.

Results
Twenty-two pelvic lymph node dissections were identified (8 oPLND; 14 rPLND). The number of pelvic lymph nodes removed was similar (median oPLND 6.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 6.0–12.5] versus rPLND 6.0 [3.75–9.0]), with frequent matted nodes (11/22, 50.0%). Operative time (median oPLND 130 min [IQR 95.5–182] versus rPLND 126 min [IQR 97.8–160]) and complications (Clavien-Dindo scale) were similar. Length of hospital stay (median 5.34 days (IQR 3.77–6.94) versus 1.98 days (IQR 1.39–3.50) and time to postoperative adjuvant therapy (median 11.6 weeks [IQR 10.6–18.5] versus 7.71 weeks [IQR 6.29–10.4]) were shorter in the rPLND group. No differences in pelvic lymph node recurrence (p = 0.984), distant metastatic recurrence (p = 0.678), or melanoma-specific survival (p = 0.655) were seen (median follow-up 21.1 months [rPLND] and 25.7 months [oPLND]).

Conclusions
rPLND is an effective way to remove bulky pelvic lymph nodes in melanoma, with a shorter recovery and reduced interval to initiating adjuvant therapy compared with oPLND. This group of patients may especially benefit from neoadjuvant systemic approaches to management.
Hybrid Architecture Strategies for the Prediction of Acute Pulmonary Embolism from Computed Tomography Images
Authors: Yadlapalli Priyanka , D Bhavana 
Published: January 2024

The timely identification of pulmonary embolism is of utmost importance, as the condition has the potential to be life-threatening if not promptly addressed. The assessment of the severity of a pulmonary embolism (PE) frequently necessitates a time-consuming and potentially life-threatening estimation by a medical practitioner. The primary objective of the study was to investigate the potential utility of an artificial neural network in assisting physicians with the identification and prediction of pulmonary embolism risk in patients. Deep learning algorithms are frequently employed in medical imaging to enhance image analysis due to their ability to automatically learn representations from large datasets, as opposed to relying on pre-programmed instructions . The implementation of automated systems has the potential to decrease the level of physical effort needed and enhance the efficiency of diagnostic procedures for medical professionals. Efficient training and calculation processes are crucial for the proper execution of the implementation. The Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) developed by Google are employed to expedite the process of training., with the computational tasks being executed through Google Colab, a platform offered by Google Cloud TPUs. In order to achieve outcomes comparable to human judgment, deep learning algorithms engage in reasonable assessments of data based on a predetermined logical framework. Diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE), a potentially lethal yet curable condition, poses challenges in early detection. A distinctive convolutional neural network (CNN) model was developed and examined for the purpose of distinguishing between pulmonary embolism (PE) and computed tomography (CT) pictures. The proposed study yields a precision rate of 91.2%, showcasing an enhancement compared to current convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures that include limited trainable parameters. Furthermore, our model provides interpretability by the utilization of computed tomography (CT) images, specifically in the inferno and bone models. Our proposed deep learning model has the potential to predict the presence of PE and other associated features in current cases.
Case Article—Locating a Truck Terminal in Texas
Authors: Chau Ngan N. , Benson Gregory E. 
Published: January 2024

This case study introduces students to the decision-making process of a facility location problem and requires them to apply appropriate methods to recommend a desirable terminal location for CBT, a transportation provider in the United States. In response to the increasing number of drivers in the Texas market, CBT explored different options to better serve the rising demand, including a new and second terminal in a different geographic area. Students employ multi-criteria decision-making framework and optimization modeling to support their analysis using empirical data. While students use provided data to solve the problem in the base case, they need to research various publicly available databases in the case extension. This case can be used in undergraduate courses in logistics, transportation, operations, and supply chain management to apply facility location related concepts, or in a business analytics course to illustrate optimization modeling in a real-world context. Supplemental Material: Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2022.0042ca . The Teaching Note is available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
How do governments learn from ad hoc groups during crises? From SARS to COVID-19
Authors: Nair Sreeja , Garg Akshat 
Published: January 2024

Ad hoc bodies such as committees, task forces and working groups are often deployed by governments on a temporary and short-term basis to respond to conditions of crisis. These groups differ from long-term advisory bodies and can help bypass typical challenges encountered in bureaucracies for governments to act quickly under crisis. Being transient in nature, formal mechanisms to track the institutional roles played by ad hoc groups under crisis are often lacking and can lead to missed opportunities for policy learning leveraging on their strengths when these are deployed again.
This exploratory article applies a policy learning lens to examine experiences of five Asian economies in creating ad hoc groups during SARS and COVID-19. Recognising that learning is a complex construct, this article attempts to observe the diverse institutional roles assumed by ad hoc groups for crisis management. We position our contribution as a first step towards a better understanding of the structure and function of short-term ad hoc groups, and argue this can aid a more fruitful deployment and utilisation of similar groups for improved crisis management in the future.
Alignment, calibration, and validation of an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope for high-resolution human foveal imaging
Authors: Moon Benjamin , Poletti Martina , Roorda Austin , Tiruveedhula Pavan , Liu Soh Hang , Linebach Glory , Rucci Michele , Rolland Jannick P. 
Published: January 2024

In prior art, advances in adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope
(AOSLO) technology have enabled cones in the human fovea to be
resolved in healthy eyes with normal vision and low to moderate
refractive errors, providing new insight into human foveal anatomy,
visual perception, and retinal degenerative diseases. These
high-resolution ophthalmoscopes require careful alignment of each
optical subsystem to ensure diffraction-limited imaging performance,
which is necessary for resolving the smallest foveal cones. This paper
presents a systematic and rigorous methodology for building, aligning,
calibrating, and testing an AOSLO designed for imaging the cone mosaic
of the central fovea in humans with cellular resolution. This
methodology uses a two-stage alignment procedure and thorough system
testing to achieve diffraction-limited performance. Results from
retinal imaging of healthy human subjects under 30 years of age with
refractive errors of less than 3.5 diopters using either 680 nm or
840 nm light show that the system can resolve cones at the very center
of the fovea, the region where the cones are smallest and most densely
packed.
Microfluidic analysis of 3T3 cellular transport in a photonic crystal fiber: part I
Authors: Fu Jiahaw , Wynne Rosalind 
Published: January 2024

This microfluidic-optical fiber sensor is an experimental system designed to transport and monitor 3D cell cultures, facilitating medical research and technology. This system includes a photonic crystal fiber with a hollow core diameter of 22 µm, which functions as a bridge between two microfluidic devices. The purpose of this system was to transport 3T3 cells (of diameters from 15 µm to 23 µm) between the two devices. At low Reynold’s and capillary numbers, spectroscopic analysis confirmed the presence of cellular aggregation at the interface of the fiber and microfluidic device. The transcapillary conductance, T
C
, is a separate analysis that models the behavior of a cellular aggregate through the hollow channel of a photonic crystal fiber. For the experimental system, conventional fluid mechanics theory is limited and requires special treatment of conditions at the microscale, such that transcapillary conductance treatment was employed. The transcapillary conductance, T
C
, was empirically derived to model cellular transport at the microfluidic scale and is useful for comparing transport events. For example, for a pressure differential of Δp=1.5⋅103cmH2O, the transcapillary conductance values were determined to be 10−12<T
C
<10−9, which were then compared to other literature values, such as the transport of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) at 33<Δp<80cmH2O, with corresponding transcapillary conductance values at 10−7<T
C
<10−5. These transcapillary conductance values for both the literature and the experimental system are consistent, indicating that an increase in pressure differential does not promote microfluidic transport.
Single-wavelength bidirectional 4-core MCF self-homodyne coherent link
Authors: Sidhique Aboobackkar , Saxena Shekhar , Mishra Pramod , Karmakar Surya , Mishra Arvind , Gupta Shalabh 
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a single-wavelength bidirectional self-homodyne coherent (SHC) link over a 125 µm cladding diameter based multicore fiber (MCF). The 4-core MCF based link efficiently uses two cores for each direction of propagation. In either direction, one of the cores carries a dual-polarized 40 Gbaud 16-QAM signal, and the second core carries a 40 Gbaud 16-QAM signal in one of the polarizations with the carrier multiplexed in its orthogonal polarization. Thus, a 480 Gbps data transmission rate is achieved in either direction of propagation over the 12.8 km long 4-core MCF. The SHC link operates at the same wavelength for each of the directions and eliminates the need for reconfigurable transceivers. A low-cost DFB laser (linewidth = 1 MHz) is used to demonstrate the bidirectional link, and the bit error rates (BERs) of the received signals are <5.5×10−4. With higher baud rates, this approach can meet the capacity requirements of future short-reach data center interconnects (DCIs).
Natural Histories and Disease Complications in a Cohort of 151 Children With Gastric or Duodenal Eosinophilia
Authors: Quinn Laura A. , Burger Cassandra , Nguyen Brian , Arnold Michael A. , Pan Zhaoxing , Furuta Glenn T. , Bauer Maureen E. , Menard-Katcher Calies 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Eosinophilic gastritis (EoG) and duodenitis (EoD) are rare conditions that are poorly understood. Our aim was to describe the natural history of children with varying degrees of gastric or duodenal eosinophilia with respect to disease complications and histologic and endoscopic longitudinal trajectories.

METHODS:
The electronic medical record at a tertiary children's hospital was queried to identify patients with EoG, EoD, or EoG + EoD who were cared for between January 2010 and 2022. Multiple logistic regression was performed to explore associations between baseline features and persistence/recurrence of eosinophilia or complications remote from diagnosis.

RESULTS:
We identified 151 patients: 92 with EoG, 24 with EoD, 12 with EoG + EoD, and 23 with tissue eosinophilia but did not meet histologic criteria for EoG or EoD (low grade). The average age at diagnosis was 10.6 years, and average follow-up was 5.8 years. Twenty-five percent of patients with EoG or EoD had persistence/recurrence of eosinophilia; this was associated with increases in the EoG Endoscopic Reference Score (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.34, confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.74) on diagnostic endoscopy. Eighteen percent suffered from disease complications, and development of late complications was associated with presenting with a complication (aOR 9.63, CI 1.09–85.20), severity of duodenal endoscopic abnormalities (aOR 8.74, CI 1.67–45.60), and increases in the EoG Endoscopic Reference Score (aOR 1.70, CI 1.11–2.63).

DISCUSSION:
Patients with gastric and duodenal eosinophilia should be followed closely to monitor for recurrence and complications, especially those presenting with endoscopic abnormalities or complications.
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Diffuse Bowel Dilation in Huntington Disease
Authors: Kolachana Sindhura , Motwani Kiran , Sakiani Sasan 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative condition associated with pathologic involvement beyond the striatum including involvement of the autonomic nervous system. Bowel dysfunction is found in patients with HD, but the exact mechanism is poorly understood and not well reported. Patients may be affected with problems such as dysphagia, weight loss, nutritional deficiencies, esophagitis, and gastritis. Lower bowel symptoms are more prevalent with longer disease course. We present a case of a patient with late-stage HD who presents with severe esophagitis causing gastrointestinal hemorrhage, significant dysmotility including chronic dysphagia requiring gastrostomy tube, and chronic small bowel and colonic ileus.
Particular Desire in Aristotle’s ‘Voluntary’
Authors: Liu Benjamin C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aristotle’s account of voluntariness (to hekousion) lacks a sufficiently precise positive definition of ‘voluntary’. This is a problem: in Aristotle’s ethics, voluntariness is an important and unifying joint between psychological (character) and practical matters (action). I contend that Aristotle implicitly defines voluntariness as positive causal relation to an agent’s desire, where one’s character is the state of one’s faculty of desire. Since desires always have particular ends (final causes), a voluntary action is one which originates in the agent’s desire for that action’s end. Using this interpretation, I answer questions about ‘mixed’ actions, culpable ignorance, and non-voluntariness. Without this interpretation, these questions cannot be systematically answered.
Development of a new candidate vaccine against piglet diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli
Authors: Xu Chongli , Fu Fengyang , She Yuhan , Yang Danni , Peng Kun , Lin Yimin , Xu ChongBo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important type of pathogenic bacteria that causes diarrhea in humans and young livestock. The pathogen has a high morbidity and mortality rate, resulting in significant economic losses in the pig industry. To effectively prevent piglet diarrhea, we developed a new tetravalent genetically engineered vaccine that specifically targets ETEC. To eliminate the natural toxin activity of ST1 enterotoxin and enhance the preventive effect of the vaccine, the mutated ST

1
, K88ac, K99, and LT

B
genes were amplified by PCR and site-specific mutation techniques. The recombinant strain BL21(DE3)(pXKK3SL) was constructed and achieved high expression. Animal experiments showed that the inactivated vaccine had eliminated the natural toxin activity of ST1. The immune protection test demonstrated that the inclusion body and inactivated vaccine exhibited a positive immune effect. The protection rates of the inclusion body group and inactivated vaccine group were 96 and 98%, respectively, when challenged with 1 minimum lethal dose, indicating that the constructed K88ac-K99-3ST1-LTB vaccine achieved a strong immune effect. Additionally, the minimum immune doses for mice and pregnant sows were determined to be 0.2 and 2 mL, respectively. This study suggests that the novel K88ac-K99-3ST1-LTB vaccine has a wide immune spectrum and can prevent diarrhea caused by ETEC through enterotoxin and fimbrial pathways. The aforementioned research demonstrates that the K88ac-K99-3ST1-LTB vaccine offers a new genetically engineered vaccine that shows potential for preventing diarrhea in newborn piglets.
Seasonal and culture period variations in the lipid and fatty acid content of Ulva lactuca cultivated in Mikhmoret onshore (Israel)
Authors: Gnayem Nabeel , Unis Razan , Gnaim Rima , Chemodanov Alexander , Israel Álvaro , Gnaim Jallal , Golberg Alexander 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The use of high-value fatty acids (FA), omega-3 (n-3), and omega-6 (n-6) from seaweed could relieve the pressure from natural wild fish sources and reduce overfishing worldwide. This research is designed to explore how the harvest season (winter, spring, and summer) and culture period influence the biomass production yield, lipid content, and FA composition in the green seaweed Ulva sp. The studied seaweed was grown in plastic sleeves with flowthrough seawater in Mikhmoret (East Mediterranean, Israel) from July 2019 to December 2020. The Ulva species was identified as Ulva lactuca Linnaeus by DNA barcoding using rbcL, ITS, and tufA markers. No detectable genetic variability in U. lactuca samples was found throughout the research period. A quantitative examination of the lipid and FA content in U. lactuca in different harvest seasons revealed that the maximum content of lipids was in the summer, and that of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was in the winter. The PUFA profile included eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, n-3, and n-6, where the n-6/n-3 ratio was comparable with the desired range for a balanced nutritional diet.
Harmonizing the post-analytical phase: focus on the laboratory report
Authors: Plebani Mario 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The final, post-analytical, phase of laboratory testing is increasingly recognized as a fundamental step in maximizing quality and effectiveness of laboratory information. There is a need to close the loop of the total testing cycle by improving upon the laboratory report, and its notification to users. The harmonization of the post-analytical phase is somewhat complicated, mainly because it calls for communication that involves parties speaking different languages, including laboratorians, physicians, information technology specialists, and patients. Recently, increasing interest has been expressed in integrated diagnostics, defined as convergence of imaging, pathology, and laboratory tests with advanced information technology (IT). In particular, a common laboratory, radiology and pathology diagnostic reporting system that integrates text, sentinel images and molecular diagnostic data to an integrated, coherent interpretation enhances management decisions and improves quality of care.
Improving the approximation quality of tensor product B-spline surfaces by local parameterization
Authors: Harmening Corinna , Butzer Ramon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Freeform surfaces like tensor product B-spline surfaces have been proven to be a suitable tool to model laser scanner point clouds, especially those representing artificial objects. However, when it comes to the modelling of point clouds representing natural surfaces with a lot of local structures, tensor product B-spline surfaces reach their limits. Refinement strategies are usually used as an alternative, but their functional description is no longer nearly as compact as that of classical tensor product B-spline surfaces, making subsequent analysis steps considerably more cumbersome. In this publication, the approximation quality of classical tensor product B-spline surfaces is improved by means of local parameterization. By using base surfaces with a local character, relevant information about local structures of the surface to be estimated are stored in the surface parameters during the parameterization step. As a consequence, the resulting tensor product B-spline surface is able to represent these structures even with only a small number of control points. The developed locally parameterized B-spline surfaces are used to model four data sets with different characteristics. The results reveal a clear improvement compared to the classical tensor product B-spline surfaces in terms of correctness, goodness-of-fit and stability.
Local orthometric height based on a combination of GPS-derived ellipsoidal height and geoid model: A review paper
Authors: Fusami Abubakar Ayuba , Edan J. D. , Takana A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The use of orthometric height in geodetic applications provides elevations on the physical topographic surface of the earth rather than ellipsoidal heights that are not in conformity with the physical topography. Global positioning system (GPS)/levelling produces ellipsoidal heights that are not consistent with levelled heights above mean sea level. The study provides a practical solution of using the GPS levelling approach or the geoidal heights aimed at providing local orthometric height. Many research studies were conducted with a view of finding a viable solution to the derived orthometric heights. It was revealed that the research studies conducted were found lacking in the use of only lower order numerical solutions models, which limit the accuracy derived from the model, the use of online post-processing, RTKlib, and other non-precise software to obtain the coordinates of the stations used in the derivation of orthometric. Finally, the use of gravimetric data, with its temporal variation problem, poses a threat to the derivation of orthometric height, so also to the accuracy of the developed model. Considering factors while developing models for orthometric heights improves the accuracy in achieving required heights for geodetic applications and aids in fast-tracking mapping.