bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Panic disorder: Epidemiology, disability, and treatment gap from nationally representative general population of India
Authors: Jayasankar Pavithra , Satish Suhas , Suchandra Hari Hara , Manjunatha Narayana , Rao Girish N. , Gururaj Gopalkrishna , Varghese Mathew , Benegal Vivek ,   NMHS National Collaborators Group
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Panic disorder (PD) is one of the most common and debilitating anxiety disorder. Individuals with PD seek frequent healthcare and emergency services leading to frequent work absenteeism and economic burden. However, its prevalence patterns in the Indian context are poorly understood. Hence, this article discusses the epidemiology, disability, and treatment gap from India's National Mental Health Survey 2016.

Materials and Methods:
National Mental Health Survey 2016 was a nationally representative epidemiological survey of adult respondents from 12 states of India. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0.0 is used to diagnose psychiatric disorders. Sheehan disability scale was used to assess the disability. The current weighted prevalence of PD was estimated. Association between PD and its sociodemographic correlates was done using Firth penalized logistic regression. The treatment gap and disability in PD were also calculated.

Results:
The lifetime and current weighted prevalence of PD was 0.5% (95% confidence interval 0.49-0.52) and 0.3% (95% confidence interval 0.28-0.41), respectively. The male gender and unemployed have significantly lesser odds with current PD. The elderly, Urban metro, and the married/separated group have significantly higher odds with current PD. The most common comorbid psychiatric disorder is agoraphobia (42.3%) and depression (30.9%) followed by Generalized Anxiety Disorder (10%). Among respondents with current PD in the past 1 month across three domains, around 80% had a disability of any severity and 20%-25% had marked disability. The overall treatment gap of current PD is 71.7%.

Conclusion:
It is the first study reporting prevalence from a nationally representative sample from the general population of India. The survey has shed light on the epidemiology and the challenges faced by those with PD which emphasizes the urgency of bridging the treatment gap. These findings are paramount to the development of more inclusive and effective mental health policies and interventions to tackle the current burden due to PD.
Common mental disorders among women in reproductive age group: An analysis of national mental health survey, India 2016
Authors: Annajigowda Harshitha H. , Nirisha Lakshmi P. , Ganjekar Sundarnag , Rao Girish N. , Gururaj Gopalkrishna , Varghese Mathew , Benegal Vivek ,   NMHS National Collaborators group
Published: December 2023

Background:
Common mental disorders (CMDs) have a higher prevalence among women in their reproductive age (WRA) compared to the general population. Large Indian epidemiological studies focusing on the prevalence and socioeconomic correlates of CMDs among WRA are lacking. The associated disability and treatment gap particularly in the women population is unknown.

Aim:
To estimate the current prevalence, correlates, disability, socioeconomic impact, and treatment gap of CMDs among WRA from a nationally representative sample from India.

Materials and Methods:
The National Mental Health Survey of India 2016 is a multisite nationwide household survey conducted across India using a uniform methodology. Overall, 39,532 adults were surveyed with a response rate of 88%. The diagnosis was based on Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0.0. CMDs among WRA (18-49 years) for this secondary analysis included depression and anxiety disorders.

Results:
The prevalence of CMDs among WRA in India was 5.83%. Two important risk factors for CMDs included being divorced and living in the urban metro. Nearly 70% of women reported disabilities of varying severity. The overall treatment gap was around 82% (urban nonmetro > metro > rural population). On average, the cost of treatment of CMDs was ₹ 2,000 per month.

Conclusion:
CMDs are prevalent among WRA groups with significant disabilities and treatment gaps in India. The disability and treatment gap associated with CMDs among WRA can be handled by integrating mental health into general medical/obstetric care.
District-level differences in the distribution of mental and substance use disorders in Assam
Authors: Gogoi Vijay , Abhishek Priyadarshee , Sengupta Soumik , Banerjee Indrajeet , Sarma Samir , Sobhana H. , Deuri Sonia P. , Pathak Kangkan , Sukumar Gautham M. , Benegal Vivek , Rao Girish N. , Varghese Mathew , Gururaj Gopalkrishna 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The lifetime prevalence of mental morbidity in Assam is estimated at 8% (NMHS 2015–16). Understanding the distribution patterns of different types of mental disorders among persons with mental morbidity in different districts would facilitate evidence-driven district mental health programming in Assam. Given the varied socio-geopolitical situation across districts in Assam, significant variations in the distribution of mental disorders are expected.

Aims:
To assess interdistrict differentials in common mental disorders (CMDs), severe mental disorders (SMDs), socioeconomic impact, healthcare utilization, and mental disability across three districts sampled in NMHS in Assam.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study used stratified random cluster sampling to identify and study eligible adult participants in Dibrugarh, Barpeta, and Cachar districts. Standardized scales and validated questionnaires were used to assess mental morbidity, disability, socioeconomic impact, and healthcare utilization. The distribution of different mental disorders among persons with mental disorders and their interdistrict differentials were tested using the Chi-square test of significance.

Results:
Among persons with mental morbidity, the most common disorder was CMDs (79%). The proportional distribution of CMDs among persons with mental morbidity was significantly higher in the Dibrugarh district (79%), whereas the distribution of SMDs was higher in the Cachar district (55%). The distribution of alcohol use disorder was the highest in the Dibrugarh district (71.6%). Significant differences in disability and healthcare utilization were observed between the districts.

Conclusions:
NMHS 2015–16 Assam indicates significant differentials in the distribution of CMDs and SMDs, healthcare utilization, and associated disability between the three districts. The differentials necessitate further research to understand socio-ethnocultural, religious, geopolitical, and other factors influencing the distribution. These differences need to be accounted for during the implementation of mental health programs in the state.
Role of intracameral Caspofungin in the management of Aspergillus keratitis: A case report
Authors: Nangia Prabhat , Gupta Samyak , Lambat Sarang , Nangia Vinay 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A 48-year-old male patient with a history of fall of dust in his right eye while driving came for a second opinion. On examination, he had a dry-looking ulcer with feathery margins and a hypopyon, suggestive of fungal keratitis. Scraping showed septate fungal filaments. Aspergillus niger grew in culture, and the patient was asked to use frequent natamycin eye drops. However, the hypopyon continued to increase, so ketoconazole tablets were added. Intracameral injection of Amphotericin B was advised, but in view of a severe shortage of the drug in the region, injection of Caspofungin (CAS) was given intracamerally with patient consent. With a combination of oral, topical, and intracameral antifungal medication, the ulcer slowly resolved over a period of 1 month, leaving behind a nebulomacular corneal scar in a quiet eye. Intracameral CAS may provide a safe and effective alternative to voriconazole and amphotericin B in the setting of Aspergillus keratitis.
Area of the Fetal Ascending and Descending Aorta by Spatiotemporal Image Correlation in the Rendering Mode: Reproducibility and Comparison with Pregestational Diabetic Mothers
Authors: Scappa João Pedro Cassin , Peixoto Alberto Borges , Bravo-Valenzuela Nathalie Jeanne , Tonni Gabriele , Mattar Rosiane , Júnior Edward Araujo 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The objective of this study was to assess the ascending and descending aorta area measurements by three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound using spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) in the rendering mode comparing these measurements with pregestational diabetic mothers and assessing the reproducibility of the method.

Methods:
We carried out a retrospective cross-sectional study with 58 normal and nine fetuses from pregestational diabetic mothers between 20 and 33 + 6 weeks of gestation. Fetal heart volumes were acquired at the level of four-chamber view to obtain the reconstructed planes for the ascending and descending aorta areas in the rendering mode. Linear regression was performed to assess the correlation between the fetal aorta areas and gestational age (GA). To assess the intra- and interobserver reproducibility, we used the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC).

Results:
The mean ascending and descending aorta areas were 0.12 (0.02–0.48) and 0.11 (0.04–0.39) cm2 in normal fetuses, respectively. There was a moderate positive correlation between GA and ascending aorta area measurements (0.005676*GA – 0.01283; r = 0.53, P < 0.0001) and strong positive correlation between GA and descending aorta area (0.01095*GA – 0.1581; r = 0.68, P < 0.0001). We observed a weak intra- and interobserver reproducibility with CCC ranging from 0.05 to 0.91. The mean difference in the ascending and descending aorta area measurements of normal and fetuses of pregestational diabetic mothers was −0.03 cm2 (P = 0.276) and −0.03 cm2 (P = 0.231), respectively.

Conclusion:
The fetal ascending and descending aorta area measurements obtained by 3D ultrasound using STIC in the rendering mode increased with GA in normal fetuses. The method showed weak intra- and interobserver reproducibility.
Hearing Loss among the Elderly at a Geriatric Centre in South-west Nigeria
Authors: Sule Samuel Okoh , Fasunla Ayotunde James , Nwaorgu Onyekwere George Benjamin 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Aging is an unavoidable process that is connected with several health issues, including presbycusis, a degenerative disease of the cochlear hair cells and central auditory pathways with a resultant reduction in hearing acuity. In developing countries like Nigeria, little attention is given to the elderly population with possible underreporting of presbycusis, hence the need for this study.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to investigate hearing loss, the type, and associated risk factors among the elderly attending a geriatric clinic in South-west Nigeria.

Patients, Materials and Methods:
It was a cross-sectional study of patients aged 60 years and above in a geriatric centre. All consented participants were given a structured questionnaire to collect important data such as demographics, history of hearing loss, family history of hearing loss, risk factors, and so on. Ear examinations, otoscopy, pure-tone audiometry, distortion-product otoacoustic emissions, and tympanometry were also performed on all patients.

Results:
Ninety-five participants, comprising 33 males and 62 females, were recruited, and their ages ranged from 60 to 89 years (74.5 ± 7.6 years). The mean pure-tone average was 42.2 dB ± 17.4 and 39.21 dB ± 17.4 in the right and left ears, respectively. About 80% of them have a hearing threshold above 15 dB, with 13 (13.7%) being conductive hearing loss, 48 (50.6%) sensorineural hearing loss, and 15 (15.8) mixed hearing loss. Presbycusis was diagnosed in 37 (38.9%) participants. There was a significant correlation between the pure-tone average and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions results in both ears of the participants (P = 0.0001). Tympanograms were abnormal in 21 (22%) right ears and 27 (28%) left ears.

Conclusion:
Hearing loss is highly prevalent among the elderly, with presbycusis being the most common type. Periodic hearing screening for the elderly is hereby recommended.
A Comparison of the Effects of Preoperative Administration of Omeprazole and Ranitidine on Gastric Volume and pH in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgeries under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Amucheazi Adaobi Obianuju , Ohaka Onyeka Ezinwanne 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Proton-pump inhibitors and histamine-2-receptor blockers act by reducing gastric volume and increasing gastric pH. These help to mitigate the effects of aspiration. However, the better of the two agents has not been established.

Aim:
This prospective randomised, double-blind study was undertaken to compare the effects of omeprazole and ranitidine. Patients,

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and sixty American Society of Anaesthesiologist I and II adults scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia were divided into two groups: Group R received 50 mg ranitidine and Group O 20 mg omeprazole. The drugs were given intravenously 2 h before the induction of anaesthesia. Gastric content was aspirated after induction and before extubation. The gastric volume and pH were measured and analysed.

Results:
The mean postintubation and preextubation gastric volumes were greater in Group R, whereas Group O exhibited an elevated mean postintubation and a significantly higher preextubation gastric pH.

Conclusions:
The effect of omeprazole is superior to that of ranitidine as regards increasing gastric pH and reducing volume.
Electrocardiographic Abnormalities in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Presenting to the Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, South-east Nigeria
Authors: Orunta Chidinma Pamela , Ibeneme Chikaodili Adaeze , Ogbonna Ikechukwu Frank , Ukaegbu Uloaku , Otaigbe Barbara E. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
With the availability of highly active anti-retroviral therapy and attendant increased lifespan of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children, late complications of the disease, especially cardiovascular complications have become a growing problem for them. The cardiovascular complications of HIV infection start early in the course of the disease, although may remain asymptomatic until later in life, when they manifest with life-threatening symptoms. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an invaluable tool in the early diagnosis of these abnormalities.

Aim:
This study assessed the prevalence and types of ECG abnormalities among HIV-infected children.

Patients, Materials and Methods:
It was a hospital-based, comparative, cross-sectional study involving randomly selected HIV-infected children (subjects) and age- and gender-matched HIV-uninfected children (controls). Relevant information was obtained through questionnaires, medical records, and physical examination. All participants underwent a 12-lead ECG assessment.

Results:
Electrocardiographic abnormalities were observed in 42.9% of subjects compared to 17.9% of controls (χ
2 = 8.28; P = 0.004). The participants were about three times more likely to have ECG abnormalities than controls (odds ratio = 3.45, 95% confidence interval = 1.45–8.19). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was the most common abnormality in the subjects (14.3%), and compared to controls (1.8%), this was significant (χ
2 = 0.032; P = 0.032). Other ECG abnormalities such as right ventricular hypertrophy, T-wave changes, and T-axis abnormalities were more prevalent among subjects (10.7%, 5.4%, and 10.7%, respectively) than controls (1.8%, 3.6%, and 14%, respectively), although not significant.

Conclusion:
Electrocardiographic abnormalities are quite prevalent among HIV-infected children, with LVH being predominant. It is recommended that routine ECG evaluations be done on HIV-infected children to enable the early detection and prompt management of these problems.
Wer spricht?
Authors: Javor Briški Marija 
Published: December 2023

Die vergleichende Analyse von Wolframs von Eschenbach Willehalm und der Hystoria von dem wirdigen ritter sant Wilhelm ist auf die Formen und Funktionen der Erzählerstimme und der Figurenrede fokussiert, wobei die inquit-Formeln eingehender untersucht werden. Erzählerstimme und Figurenrede haben angesichts der modifizierten Rezeptionsbedingungen und des Übergangs von Vers zu Prosa erhebliche Veränderungen erfahren.
A cross-sectional assessment of patient satisfaction with community pharmacy services in Lebanon: The IMPHACT-LB study
Authors: Sacre Hala , Safwan Jihan , Sakr Fouad , Haddad Chadia , Akel Marwan , Hajj Aline , Zeenny Rony M , Salameh Pascale 
Published: December 2023

Background: After the pharmacy profession has shifted from product-oriented practices to a more patient-centered approach, patient satisfaction has become an essential indicator of overall quality of care. This study aimed to assess the impact of pharmacy services and pharmacist-patient relationships on patient satisfaction in a crisis context, considering patient characteristics, economic factors, access to care, and health status.
Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study (April 11-April 27, 2023) assessed patient satisfaction using validated tools among 865 Lebanese adults.
Results: Satisfaction with pharmaceutical care was moderate (60%), varying between 58% and 63%. Notably, higher satisfaction was significantly and positively correlated with having private health insurance (Beta=0.583), taking more medications (Beta=0.166), and receiving advice from pharmacists about a healthy lifestyle (Beta=0.651), while lower satisfaction was associated with a university level of education (Beta=-0.505), older age (Beta=-0.022), and perceiving pharmacists as medication experts (Beta=-1.007).
Conclusion: Age, education, health coverage, and patient expectations, in addition to services offered by community pharmacists, significantly affected satisfaction in times of crisis. Stakeholders should address pharmaceutical care holistically, acting concomitantly on improving health coverage, access to care, reasonable expectations, and optimising community pharmacy services.
Teologi Komunikasi : Teologi Komunikasi Lintas Budaya Mata Kuliah Coll. Theologicum
Authors: Situmorang Rolandi H 
Published: December 2023

Percakapan tentang kebenaran Injil yang disampaikan dalam lintas budaya. Dalam berkomunikasi seringkali terjadi hambatan disebabkan karena adanya perbedaan makna, bahasa, persepsi, fisik dan budaya. Jika tantangan tidak dikelola dengan cermat, maka memunculkan konflik dan bermanfaat bagi pemaknaan hidup seseorang maupun masyarakat. Proses analisis dilakukan dengan cara studi pustaka yakni mengumpulkan sumber berupa jurnal terkait komunikasi lintas budaya serta buku-buku tentang komunikasi sehingga didapati gambaran terkait dengan topik yang dibahas. Peneltian ini memaparkan uraian Injil dengan budaya melalui kontekstualisasi. Kontekstualisasi Alkitabiah membuat Injil tidak asing dan dapat diterima di berbagai budaya. Injil akan menjadi cahaya yang menerangi budaya yang gelap tanpa mengusir orang-orangnya, justru sebalikya mereka menerima Injil dan bersama-sama memurnikan budaya yang tidak sesuai dengan berita Injil.
THE DYNAMIC INTERPLAY OF PHONOLOGY AND SEMANTICS IN MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY EXPLORATION
Authors: Shen Zijun , Hu Hanjing , Zhao Mingting , Lai Minjie , Zaib Kamran 
Published: December 2023

Phonology, semantics, and pragmatics are the three aspects of language fundamental to know how language works and how people process and use it. By examining the interaction between the memory hypothesis and linguistics in speech and semantic organization, this study seeks to better understand how individuals use language to express themselves. This study delves into finding out the association between phonology and semantics by developing a multi-faceted correspondence organization and applying ideas from computer network science and chart hypothesis. A correspondence framework of the International Phonetic Alphabet and semantic network examination in R was used to investigate the information once obtained through a web-based information gathering drive. As per the discoveries, the dynamic and ensnared association between phonology and semantics affects the correspondence that happens in the media. The aftereffects of this study offer new points of view on the idea of language and the job it plays in human communication. Understanding how semantics and phonics interact in different situations is essential for modern communication, this study is an effort to analyze the relation between words' meanings and sounds. By studying words usage in different mediums, we want to learn how these important elements affect platform interactions. Thus, the present study explains how semantics and phonology shape media and how this link can improve communication. The review suggests a multi-faceted framework that divides the linguistic framework into various layers with different hub relationships. This advanced four-layer contact network is designed to identify and analyze language confusion with precision and accuracy. It incorporates free associations, word associations, and three semantic layers to measure articulation, semantics, punctuation, and jargon. Using a comprehensive inside-and-out technique, this evaluation examines phonology and semantics through multi-faceted network analysis, allowing for effective assessment of language understanding and improvement.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0075/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>