bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Singapore COVID-19 data cross-validation by the Gaidai reliability method
Authors: Gaidai Oleg , Yakimov Vladimir , Sun Jiayao , van Loon Eric-Jan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNovel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has exserted certain burden on global public health, spreading around the world with reportedly low mortality and morbidity. This study advocates novel bio and health system reliability approach, especially suitable for multi-regional environmental and health systems. Advocated spatiotemporal method has been cross-validated, versus well established bivariate Weibull method, based on available raw clinical dataset. The purpose of this study was to assess risks of excessive coronavirus death rates, that may occur within any given time horizon, and in any region or district of interest. This study aims at benchmarking of the novel Gaidai bio-reliability method, allowing accurate assessment of national public health system risks, for the years to come. Novel bio-system reliability approach is particularly suitable for multi-regional environmental and health systems, monitored for a sufficiently representative period of time. In case when underlying bio-system is stationary, or the underlying trend is known, long-term future death rate risk assessment can be done, and confidence intervals can be generated. Advocated methodology may to be useful for a wide variety of public health applications, thus, it is not limited to the example, considered here.
Multiple views in single‐path synthetic aperture sonar for mine counter‐measures classification and pre‐identification
Authors: Malkasse Jean‐Philippe , Dugelay Samantha , Burlet Nicolas , Le Gall Yann , Simon Mathieu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe authors present exploitation of Multiple Views in Single‐Path (MVSP) Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS). The authors demonstrate the interest of MVSP SAS for underwater Mine Counter‐Measures (MCM) with unmanned vehicles, to comply with requirements for performances of detection and classification and time constraints. The authors here lay the emphasis on exploitation in reduction of false alarms of classification by alleviating the ambiguity between mines and natural bottom objects. Finally, the authors show that MVSP SAS is offering a pre‐identification tool with high impact on MCM process duration.
A note on analyzing the stability of oscillator Ising machines
Authors: Bashar Mohammad Khairul , Lin Zongli , Shukla Nikhil 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe rich non‐linear dynamics of the coupled oscillators (under second harmonic injection) can be leveraged to solve computationally hard problems in combinatorial optimization such as finding the ground state of the Ising Hamiltonian. While prior work on the stability of the so‐called Oscillator Ising Machines (OIMs) has used the linearization method, in this letter, the authors present a complementary method to analyze stability using the second‐order derivative test of the energy/cost function. The authors establish the equivalence between the two methods, thus augmenting the tool kit for the design and implementation of OIMs.
Diätetische Ansätze in der Tumortherapie
Authors: Leven Anna-Sophia , Eisenburger Robin Tamara , Espelage Lena , Tasdogan Alpaslan 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Zuge der personalisierten Medizin gewinnen bei Tumorerkrankungen patientenindividuelle Faktoren wie persönliche Ernährungsmuster, der Lebensstil, das intestinale Mikrobiom oder das Geschlecht immer mehr an Bedeutung. Neben anderen Tumorentitäten erlangt auch beim malignen Melanom die Ernährung einen zunehmenden Stellenwert. Durch die Einführung der immun- und zielgerichteten Therapien konnte die Mortalität zwar deutlich gesenkt werden, jedoch zeigt sich ein sehr heterogenes Therapieansprechen. Folglich ist das Bestreben groß, alternative oder unterstützende Faktoren für ein besseres Therapieansprechen zu identifizieren. Präklinische Studien konnten bereits positive Effekte diätetischer Interventionen auf eine Immuntherapie und in der Folge auf das Therapieansprechen zeigen. Z.T. konnte das Ansprechen auf eine Immuntherapie sogar wiederhergestellt werden. Dabei wird angenommen, dass der Zellmetabolismus durch eine bestimmte Nährstoffaufnahme „umprogrammiert“ werden kann. Um diese präklinischen Daten auf die Klinik zu transferieren, werden im Rahmen von klinischen Studien diätetische Interventionen in Kombination mit etablierten Tumortherapien untersucht und dabei deren Auswirkungen auf den Metabolismus der Tumor- und Immunzellen analysiert.
Intercity asymmetrical linkages influenced by Spring Festival migration and its multivariate distance determinants: a case study of the Yangtze River Delta Region in China
Authors: Lin Jinping , Wu Kangmin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnderstanding intercity linkage patterns is of great importance to understanding urbanization. With advancements in transportation, communication technology, and the availability of big data, the “death of distance” concept has gained significant attention. This paper analyzes the asymmetric spatial intercity linkage network in China’s economically developed YRDR based on big data derived from Spring Festival (SF) migration. The aim is to explore the determinants of these linkages considering multivariate distance factors. The findings indicate a notable pattern of asymmetry in the intercity linkage network of the YRDR between core and non-core cities. The spatial decay effect of geographic distance on intercity asymmetry linkage is observed. Despite technological advancements, geographic distance remains the most influential and decisive factor in determining intercity asymmetric linkages. While other attribute distances also play a positive role, their effects become complex when controlling for geographic distance. Understanding these attribute distances is essential in comprehending the decay effect. This study contributes to the empirical investigation of the “death of distance” debate and provides a practical analytical framework for analyzing the drivers of intercity linkage patterns. It enhances our understanding of intercity spatial linkages within the context of urbanization in China and offers valuable insights for formulating development policies in the YRDR.
Establishing a One Health AMR Community of Practice in Nigeria
Authors: Ndahi Authors: Mwapu , Fagbamila Idowu Oluwabunmi , Adebiyi Ini , Ekeng Eme , Adeleke Suliat , Adetunji Victoria , Hendriksen Rene S. , Ryan Catherine , Patel Hemanti , Chisnall Tom , Verner-Jeffreys David , Card Roderick M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To support the objectives set out in Nigeria’s national action plan for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), we established a One Health AMR Community of Practice comprised of Fleming Fund Fellows and their mentors. This community is a multi-disciplinary team dedicated to addressing AMR in human and animal health sectors, with members from Nigeria, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. We undertook gap analyses of the systems in Fleming Fellows’ laboratories and institutions to identify areas for support. Tailor-made capacity support programmes were developed for each Fellow. Fellows visited their mentors’ institutes for in-person coaching, and subsequently implemented strengthened processes at their home institutes. The community has trained 178 Nigerian scientists from Government, academic, and private laboratories, by delivering courses comprising classroom teaching and hands-on laboratory sessions. This up-skilling of Nigerian laboratory staff, through the ‘train-the-trainer’ approach, has enhanced capacity to produce high-quality microbiological data. The community has completed One Health collaborative projects investigating AMR in livestock, in-contact humans, the farm environment, and hospital submissions. We have held feedback sessions with stakeholders to raise awareness of AMR and provided advice on measures such as biosecurity, which can help to prevent disease and therefore reduce the need for antimicrobial use. The establishment of this community has helped to strengthen personal and institutional capacities in Nigeria, Denmark, and the United Kingdom and created a network of scientists working together to tackle AMR. This community has contributed to One Health AMR surveillance systems and supported the implementation of Nigeria’s national action plan for AMR.

Information
© The Authors 2023
Operationalizing the new DEA exception: A novel process for dispensing of methadone for opioid use disorder at discharge from acute care settings
Authors: Bowman Lindsay A , Berger Olivia , Nesbit Suzanne , Stoller Kenneth B , Buresh Megan , Stewart Rosalyn 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To describe one strategy for dispensing of methadone at emergency department (ED) and hospital discharge implemented within 2 urban academic medical centers.

Summary
Expanding access to medications for opioid use disorder (OUD) is a national priority. ED visits and hospitalizations offer an opportunity to initiate or continue these lifesaving medications, including methadone and buprenorphine. However, federal regulations governing methadone treatment and significant gaps in treatment availability have made continuing methadone upon ED or hospital discharge challenging. To address this issue, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) granted an exception allowing hospitals, clinics, and EDs to dispense a 72-hour supply of methadone while continued treatment is arranged. Though this exception addresses a critical unmet need, guidance for operationalizing this service is limited. To facilitate expanded patient access to methadone on ED or hospital discharge at 2 Baltimore hospitals, key stakeholders within the parent health system were identified, and a workgroup was formed. Processes were established for requesting, approving, preparing, and dispensing the methadone supply using an electronic health record order set. Multidisciplinary educational materials were created to support end users of the workflow. In the first 3 months of implementation, 42 requests were entered, of which 36 were approved, resulting in 79 dispensed methadone doses.

Conclusion
This project demonstrates feasibility of methadone dispensing at hospital and ED discharge. Further work is needed to evaluate impact on patient outcomes, such as hospital and ED utilization, length of stay, linkage to treatment, and retention in treatment.
A self-sustaining mechanism for plane Couette flow with a flexible lower boundary
Authors: Chotai A , Walton A G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The stability of plane Couette flow to travelling-wave disturbances is studied asymptotically at high Reynolds numbers Re when the lower boundary possesses a degree of flexibility modelled by a spring-backed plate. First, it is shown that a three-dimensional (3D) linear instability exists, with streamwise and spanwise wavelengths comparable with the channel width. Building on this, nonlinear effects from the self-interaction of the wave are introduced, leading to a self-sustaining interaction between a roll/streak flow and the 3D wave. Governing nonlinear vortex-wave interaction (VWI) equations are derived and a perturbation analysis is carried out to guide a numerical investigation of the equations. The co-existence of two families of finite-amplitude solutions, each with different flow structures, is found. Numerical solutions of the VWI equations in each case show that a small wave amplitude of O(Re−1(log Re)−1/2) is all that is necessary to provoke an O(1) change to the basic Couette flow.
Physeal Closure and Fracture Pattern in Adolescent Transitional Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Strauss Gus , Brennan Jacob , Momtaz David , Ghali Abdullah , Landrum Matthew , Rose Ryan 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
To show a correlation between grade of physeal closure and fracture pattern in adolescent transitional distal radius fractures.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was performed of 490 distal radius fractures, ages 14 to 18, at a single institution between 2007 and 2020. A board-certified orthopaedic hand surgeon reviewed all images. Thirty-six distal-radius fractures were considered adolescent transitional fractures. The review included Salter-Harris classification, fracture fragments, and grade of physeal closure.

Results:
Distal radial physeal closure is 50 times more likely to be of a higher grade in the presence of Salter-Harris type IV fractures (P<0.001). Closure of the physis is also 7.37 and 13.08 times more likely to be of higher grade in the absence of a dorsal metaphyseal fracture and in the presence of an ulnar corner fracture, respectively (P=0.011 and 0.021).

Conclusion:
Adolescent transitional fractures of the distal radius occur when the growth plate has a partial closure. The closure pattern of the distal radial physis begins centrally, with subsequent ulnar and then radial closure. In this cohort, there is a correlation between grade of physeal closure and fracture pattern in adolescent transitional distal radius fractures.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—diagnostic.
Path Analysis of Admission and Program Achievement Variables to Predict Physician Assistant National Certifying Examination Performance: Results of a 6-Year Study
Authors: Woltenberg Leslie N. , Rudolph Michael J. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
The primary aim of this study was the examination of relationships between students' preadmission achievement, intraphysician assistant (PA) program achievement, and Physician Assistant National Certifying Examination (PANCE) performance using path analysis regression. Second, this study explored the extent to which the theoretical model differed based on several key demographic variables: sex and undergraduate major.

Methods
This retrospective, single-institution study examined data from 2015 to 2022 (n = 322). Analysis included descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and path analysis using structural equation modeling to examine direct, indirect, and total effects of all predictors on the primary outcome variable, PANCE.

Results
PACKRAT-I demonstrated the largest total effect size on PANCE total score (β = .45). Total effect size on PANCE was small yet significant for prerequisite grade point average (GPA), Graduate Record Exam verbal and quantitative subscores, a comprehensive didactic cardiology examination, didactic and clinical year GPAs, and End of Rotation examination mean score (β < .25). The relationship between mean preceptor evaluation score and PANCE was nonsignificant. Subgroup analyses showed differences between female and male in the relationship between several didactic variables and preceptor evaluations. No differences were detected between groups based on undergraduate major.

Discussion
This PANCE analysis revealed relationships among pre-PA and intra-PA performance metrics that may subsequently support data-informed strategies for programs to identify at-risk students, aid student success, and support the assessment of curriculum. Future studies should replicate the approach using a larger, multi-institution sample that examines additional preprogram and intraprogram achievement variables.
Bisphosphonate therapy in the management of diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible: a systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Abukhder Munir , Nasri Elmi Salmane , Van Der Lith Sarah , Hawesa Nour , Abukhder Daniah , Abid Husnain , Liu Linda 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) affecting the mandible is an uncommon condition characterised by recurrent pain and functional disturbances. Traditional treatments involving antibiotics, steroids, and analgesics have generally yielded unsatisfactory results. Numerous articles have proposed the utilisation of bisphosphonate therapy as an alternative approach to achieve sustained symptom relief. This study aims to consolidate the available evidence on the effectiveness of bisphosphonate therapy in managing DSO.

Methods:
A systematic review protocol was registered with PROSPERO and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting for Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Comprehensive electronic search strategies were devised, and studies were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results:
Ten articles met the eligibility criteria, encompassing a total of 135 patients diagnosed with DSO who received bisphosphonate treatment. All included studies consistently reported a reduction in pain levels and swelling, along with a decrease in the cumulative use of analgesics. The majority of patients reported long-lasting symptom improvement with bisphosphonate therapy. Notably, four studies documented improvements in maximal mouth opening, with one study reporting a mean increase of 9.6mm. Furthermore, six studies observed improvements in panoramic radiographs and cone beam computed tomography scans, with one publication describing two patients exhibiting near-normal bone architecture. Importantly, all studies reported the absence of long-term complications.

Conclusions:
Bisphosphonate therapy emerges as a promising treatment modality for DSO, exhibiting efficacy in symptom alleviation and radiological enhancement while conferring lasting benefits. Nevertheless, further prospective studies are warranted to refine treatment protocols and substantiate these findings.
Extra-axial desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma in adult mimicking cerebellar metastasis: reappraisal of this rare presentation with literature review
Authors: Borni Mehdi , Abdelmouleh Souhir , Tallah Marouen , Blibeche Hela , Elouni Emna , Boudawara Mohamed Zaher 
Published: December 2023

Introduction and importance:
Medulloblastomas are the most common malignant intra-axial brain tumour in paediatric patients and represent 35–40% of posterior fossa tumour types in children between 3 and 9 years of age. Medulloblastomas may also be found in adulthood. These tumours are classified into two groups according to its molecular characteristics and histological type. The desmoplastic/nodular subtype is the second common subtype after the classic one. Only three cases of desmoplastic/nodular extra-axial medelloblastoma have been previously reported in the literature originating from to the cerebellopontine angle.

Case presentation:
The authors report a new case of an extra-axial desmoplastic/nodular cerebellar medulloblastoma originating outside the cerebellopontine angle and mimicking a solitary cerebellar metastasis in a 49-year-old female patient who presented for a raised intracranial pressure and cerebellar syndrome.

Clinical discussion:
Medulloblastoma is a malignant embryonal intra-axial tumour of the cerebellum or posterior brain stem that occurs mainly in children. Medulloblastomas may also be found in adulthood. Desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma is the second most common type of all medulloblastomas. The intra-axial form is always predominant. Only three cases of extra-axial desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma have been reported in the literature. The authors will go through the literature to dissect this rare entity.

Conclusion:
Although considered a common paediatric intra-axial tumour, there are increasing numbers of solitary cases reporting an extra-axial presentation in different locations of the posterior cerebral fossa even in adulthood. These rare and unusual presentations and locations may mislead the correct diagnosis and delay treatment.
Unraveling the conjunctivitis crisis: understanding the spiking incidence in Karachi and Lahore-Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Aliza , Irfan Hamza , Islam Md. Aminul 
Published: December 2023

Conjunctivitis is a contagious viral ocular disease that has increased highly in the different areas of Pakistan. Public health data confirmed 86 133 cases in September 2023, which crossed previous any other records. It is confirmed that this infection affects people of all ages, including adults and children frequently. Different clinical symptoms such as painful eyes, redness, inflammation, and augmenting tearing are observed. This infection is responsible for blindness. The transmission of ocular secretion spreads this infectious disease from an infected person to others by contact. In addition current year, less precipitation in Pakistan has impaired the air quality. Temperature, humidity, poor sanitation, polluted air, and other environmental factors are also related to the increase of the disease. This short article aims to present an overview of the rising incidence of conjunctivitis, its probable causes, signs, and symptoms, as well as potential treatments. Using saline for flushing eyes or eye drops is recommended by the Ophthalmologist. A few suggestions such as staying at home, avoiding allergens and contact lenses, washing eyes carefully, and using clean clothes need to be followed for this infection. Multiple immediate action steps are required to prevent and control including heightened public awareness.
Three-dimensional dipole orientation mapping with high temporal-spatial resolution using polarization modulation
Authors: Zhong Suyi , Qiao Liang , Ge Xichuan , Xu Xinzhu , Fu Yuzhe , Gao Shu , Zhanghao Karl , Hao Huiwen , Wang Wenyi , Li Meiqi , Xi Peng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFluorescence polarization microscopy is widely used in biology for molecular orientation properties. However, due to the limited temporal resolution of single-molecule orientation localization microscopy and the limited orientation dimension of polarization modulation techniques, achieving simultaneous high temporal-spatial resolution mapping of the three-dimensional (3D) orientation of fluorescent dipoles remains an outstanding problem. Here, we present a super-resolution 3D orientation mapping (3DOM) microscope that resolves 3D orientation by extracting phase information of the six polarization modulation components in reciprocal space. 3DOM achieves an azimuthal precision of 2° and a polar precision of 3° with spatial resolution of 128 nm in the experiments. We validate that 3DOM not only reveals the heterogeneity of the milk fat globule membrane, but also elucidates the 3D structure of biological filaments, including the 3D spatial conformation of λ-DNA and the structural disorder of actin filaments. Furthermore, 3DOM images the dipole dynamics of microtubules labeled with green fluorescent protein in live U2OS cells, reporting dynamic 3D orientation variations. Given its easy integration into existing wide-field microscopes, we expect the 3DOM microscope to provide a multi-view versatile strategy for investigating molecular structure and dynamics in biological macromolecules across multiple spatial and temporal scales.
Photoactivatable Blue Fluorescent Protein
Authors: Gaytán Paul , Roldán-Salgado Abigail 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhotoactivable and photoswitchable fluorescent proteins (FPs) are sophisticated molecular tools that in combination with super-resolution microscopy are helping to elucidate many biological processes. Through the Y66H mutation in the chromophore of the violet fluorescent protein sumireF we created the first photoactivatable blue fluorescent protein (PA-BFP). This protein is rapidly activated over ordinary UV transilluminators at 302 nm or 365 nm in irreversible mode. The maximum excitation and emission wavelengths of this protein, centered at 358 nm and 445 nm, respectively, resemble the values of DAPI—the blue stain widely used in fluorescence microscopy to visualize nucleic acids in cells. Therefore, the immediate use of PA-BFP in cellular biology is clear because the technology required to follow this new genetically encoded reporter at the microscopic level has already been established. PA-BFP can potentially be used together with other photoactivatable fluorescent proteins of different colors to label multiple proteins, which can be simultaneously tracked by advanced microscopic techniques.