bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural soils analysis for future land use
Authors: Siewert Christian , Krahl Ina , Schwitzky Elisabeth , Kucerik Jiri , Tokarski David 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Sealing and degradation still characterise risky land management today. Despite intensive research, even the assessment of key components such as soil organic matter has been unsatisfactory, limiting the sustainable development of foundations of civilisation. A comparison was made between natural and cultivated soils to identify the changes caused by land use. This resulted in a more precise quantification of known relationships and the discovery of new relationships between soil components that have evolved over thousands of years without human influence and that show specific changes with land use. This opens up unexpected possibilities for indirect soil analysis. It seems possible to distinguish between natural soils and soil-like carbon-containing mineral mixtures (e.g., compost and horticultural substrates). Carbon added to soils with fresh organic residues or from anthropogenic (soot, slag) or geological (coal) sources can be distinguished from soil organic matter regardless of chemical heterogeneity. The degree of carbon sequestration in soils appears to be easy to quantify. To contribute to the preservation of soil functions and the development of sustainable land use technologies, elucidation of the causal processes involved in these relationships is desirable.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals That Ccr2+ Macrophages Can Promote Myocardial Fibrosis After Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Recruiting Fibroblasts
Authors: Lou Ze-Kun , Liao Ge-Ge , Liu Wan-Lu , Li Gao-Yang , Liu Fang , Wu Pei , Liu Yang , Li Dong-Ye , Xu Tong-Da 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Coronary reperfusion following myocardial ischemia can lead to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI).Ccr2 + macrophages play a pivotal role in MIRI, engaging not only in acute inflammatory responses but also in the formation of cardiac fibrosis. The mechanisms underlying the latter are not yet fully elucidated.This study aims to explore the mechanism by which this macrophage subgroup promotes myocardial fibrosis after MIRI through bioinformatics analysis of Ccr2 + macrophages in MIRI, and to identify more molecular markers for this subgroup in MIRI. We sourced scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data corresponding to mice models of MIRI from the GEO database and executed detailed bioinformatics analyses.The results revealed that after MIRI, Ccr2 + macrophages underwent M2 phenotype polarization and engaged in extensive signal interactions with fibroblasts and immune cells via the Spp1 signaling pathway. Spp1, likely by binding to the integrin receptors of fibroblasts, activates the PI3K-Akt pathway, whose activation can promote the adhesion and migration of fibroblasts, thereby facilitating myocardial fibrosis. Furthermore, we identified Spp1 as a molecular marker for Ccr2 + macrophages in MIRI and externally validated the tissue-level differences of Spp1 through additional bulk RNAseq. This study provides potential therapeutic targets for acute inflammation and chronic myocardial fibrosis occurring after MIRI.
Optimization of Ultrasonic Pretreatment and Structure Analysis of Chlorogenic Acid in Potato Leaves
Authors: Wang Xin , Gong Xianyun , Lin Binbin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Chlorogenic Acid was extracted from potato leaves by ultrasonic pretreatment technology were optimized through orthogonal design experiment. The extraction conditions had been controlled according to the results of Gauss calculation, which consisted of acidity, coordination and hydrolysis in molecules. The results showed that the optimization extraction temperature was 60 ℃, the extraction time was 60 minutes, the ratio of material to liquid was 1:20, the concentration of ethanol was 40%, and the yield of chlorogenic acid was 6.35%. The purified chlorogenic acid was analyzed by HPLC, TLC, UV-Vis and molecular fluorescence.
Association between C-reactive protein to lymphocyte ratio and rheumatoid arthritis risk among adults in NHANES, 2017–2020
Authors: Zhai Jiali , Cao Shuai , Mo Linfei , Lu Moyao , Li Yue , Yuan Bo , Lu Shemin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives:There is a limited number of studies that have investigated the association between C-reactive protein to lymphocyte ratio (CLR) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship between CLR and RA.Methods:A cross-sectional analysis was performed on data collected from adults participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2017 to 2020, with a total of 9475 participants included in this study. The primary exposure variable in this study was CLR, while the outcome of interest was the prevalence of RA. Four different models were constructed to investigate the potential association between CLR and RA prevalence. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were utilized to assess potential non-linear relationships between the risk of RA prevalence and CLR. Sensitivity analyses, including stratified analyses and interaction tests, were conducted to further explore the relationship between CLR and RA within different subgroups.Results:The regression analyses revealed a significant correlation between CLR and RA prevalence.The RCS analysis demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between CLR and the prevalence of RA. The subgroup analyses indicated a positive and significant association between evaluated CLR levels and RA prevalence across most subgroups. The interaction tests suggested that multiple covariates did not have a significant impact on this association.Conclusions:Our study identified a positive and nonlinear correlation between CLR and the prevalence of RA, offering potential new indicators for the disease. However, further validation of our findings is necessary through prospective and experimental studies.
Hu8F4-CAR T cells with mutated Fc spacer segment improve target-specificity and mediate anti-leukemia activity in vivo
Authors: Molldrem Jeffrey , He Hong , Vedia Rolando , Lu Sijie , Li Qiaochuan , Cox Kathryn , John Lisa St. , Sergeeva Anna , Clise-Dwyer Karen , Alatrash Gheath , Shpall Elizabeth , Ma Qing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Hu8F4 is a T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibody with high affinity for leukemia-associated antigen PR1/HLA-A2 epitope. Adapted into a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) format, Hu8F4-CAR is comprised of the Hu8F4 scFv, the human IgG1 CH2CH3 extracellular spacer domain, a human CD28 costimulatory domain, and the human CD3ζ signaling domain. We have demonstrated high efficacy of Hu8F4-CAR-T cells against PR1/HLA-A2-expressing cell lines and leukemic blasts from AML patients in vitro. Previous studies have shown that modification of the Fc domains of IgG4 CH2CH3 spacer regions can eliminate activation-induced cell death and off-target killing mediated by mouse Fc gamma receptor (FcgR)-expressing cells. We generated Hu8F4-CAR(PQ) with mutated Fc receptor binding sites on the CH2 domain of Hu8F4-CAR to prevent unwanted interactions with FcgR-expressing cells in vivo. The primary human T cells transduced with Hu8F4-CAR(PQ) can specifically lyse HLA-A2+ PR1-expressing leukemia cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, both adult donor-derived and cord blood-derived Hu8F4-CAR(PQ)-T cells are active and can eliminate U937 leukemia cells in NSG mice. Herein, we demonstrate that modification of the IgG1-based spacer can eliminate Fc receptor-binding-induced adverse effects and Hu8F4-CAR(PQ)-T cells can kill leukemia in vivo.
Liquid-liquid phase separation -related gene can predict prognosis and influence immune microenvironment in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhang Lijie , Jiang Shanshan , Zhao Qiaojiajie , Zhao Yuan , Zhao Shuqi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignant tumour, whose growth and metastasis have been found to be closely correlated with liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), however, the molecular mechanisms and immunological value of LLPS in AML has not been reported. Consequently, this study aims to develop a precise prognostic risk model predicated on LLPS-associated key genes in AML. We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from AML vs. control samples (GSE9746), intersected these with LLPS-related genes (LLPSRGs) to identify differentially expressed LLPS-related genes (DE-LLPSRGs) and used univariate Cox regression to find those linked to prognosis. AML subtypes were created through consensus clustering, and DEGs between them were determined. Overlapping prognostic DE-LLPSRGs with inter-subtype DEGs identified candidate genes. We employed Least absolute selection and shrinkage operator (LASSO) to pinpoint three key genes—SLC4A1, SCRN1, and HOPX—for the risk model, which proved effective in assessing AML prognosis. Incorporating risk score, age, and category, a nomogram was developed showing promising potential for clinical utility. Immune analysis revealed variations in certain immune cells across risk groups. Drug sensitivity tests highlighted significant differences in the efficacy of several drugs among these groups. This model integrating the three key geness offers a novel insight into AML prognosis prediction.
Assessing the relationship between teaching quality and satisfaction with clinical teachers among medical students: A correlational cross-sectional study
Authors: Amini Keyvan , Salehzadeh Meisam , Noktehsanj Reza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Clinical education is crucial to developing medical students' knowledge, skills, and professional attitudes. The attributes of clinical teachers play a significant role in students' advancement and transition to their future professional roles. The study aimed to determine the relationship between teaching quality and satisfaction with clinical teachers among medical students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This correlational cross-sectional study was conducted on 255 medical students in Ardabil (northwest of Iran). The participants were selected through the simple random sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic information form, a Persian version of the System for Evaluation of Teaching Qualities (SETQ) questionnaire, and the Medical Students' Satisfaction with Clinical Education questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0).
Results: The study found that the overall mean teaching quality and satisfaction with clinical teachers among medical students were 3.37 ± 0.56 and 3.22 ± 0.72, respectively. The highest and lowest mean scores between dimensions of teaching quality were related to professional attitude toward students (3.46 ± 0.83) and teaching and learning environment (3.28 ± 0.68), respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that subscales of teaching quality (student assessment and feedback) and residence status were predictors of satisfaction with clinical teachers among medical students. The selected predictors accounted for 31.4% of the total variance in satisfaction with clinical teachers (F = 9.908, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Our study has found that delivering regular and positive feedback plays a pivotal role in promoting the development of students in clinical education. Furthermore, assessing learners' performance is equally significant in enabling educators to identify the areas where they require additional assistance and guidance. Feedback and evaluation are potent instruments in clinical education that augment learning and equip students with the necessary skills to tackle real-world situations.
Augmented reality to visualize a finite element analysis for assessing clamping concepts
Authors: Maier Walther , Möhring Hans-Christian , Feng Qi , Wunderle Richard 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This paper presents the development of an innovative augmented reality application for evaluating clamping concepts through visualizing the finite element analysis. The focus is on transforming the traditional simulation results into immersive, holographic displays, enabling users to experience and assess finite element analysis in three dimensions. The development process involves visualization in the software Unity, data processing by MATLAB, and the use of Microsoft's Hololens2 for displaying the holograms. The most important advancements include the ability to visualize complex clamping situations, enhancing understanding and engagement in engineering education. The application was tested in a real machining environment, revealing significant performance improvements with help of an external PC and offering an immersive learning experience. This work not only demonstrates the technical feasibility of such applications but also opens new avenues for interactive and engaging learning in engineering education.
From water molecules mobility to water-resistance of swollen oriented and non-oriented cellulose nanofibrils cryogels
Authors: Charlie Rouillon , Loïc Foucat , Laurent Chaunier , Jean-Eudes Maigret , Sanae El Maana , Benoit Duchemin , Bernard Cathala , Ana Villares , Celine Moreau 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The development of porous, water-resistant cellulose-based materials with shape-recovery performance requires control of the swelling behaviour of these materials. In this context, TEMPO-oxidized CNF (CNFt) cryogels, were prepared by non-directional (ND) and unidirectional (UD) freezing step followed by freeze-drying to obtain lightweight porous materials (22.6 kg m-3 and 98% air content), CNFt-ND ou CNFt-UD, with different pore morphologies. Indeed, honeycomb-like or lamellar structures were obtained as evidenced by microscopy and X-ray tomography analysis. Determination of cryogels absorption capacities in water (pH 6) or HCl (pH 2) solution showed different swelling behaviours depending on the charge state of carboxyl groups, but also on pore morphology NFCt cryogels. Measurements of 1H T2 relaxation times using Low-Field (LF) NMR demonstrated the appearance of different population of water molecules characterized by different mobilities due to the structuration of NFCt gel during the freeze-casting procedure. Finally, tests of compression cycles on H2O- or HCl-swollen NFCt-ND and NFCt-UD cryogels demonstrated the higher compressive resistance of swollen-cryogels after protonation and a recovery shape performance of about 87% was obtained after 50 compression cycles.
Analysis of Changes in agro-climatic indices in Northwest and West of Iran
Authors: Heydari Hassan , Movaghari Alireza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Temperature is one of the important climatic factors in agriculture, any change of which can affect the process of growth and production of agricultural products. Today, due to the occurrence of climate change, the importance of examining this issue, especially in agriculture, in terms of the impact on the food security of the people of the world, has become particularly important. Based on this, in this research, using the variables of minimum temperature, maximum temperature and average temperature in 17 meteorological stations in the northwest and west of Iran in the time period of 1985–2019, 5 cooling indices and 6 heating indices (at different temperature thresholds) were calculated and then trend analysis was done using two methods, Mann-Kendall (along with Sen’s slope estimator) and Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA). Based on the analysis, it was found that the cooling indices in most of the stations have undergone a time shift while reducing the duration of the period. From the point of view of heating indices, in most stations, along with increasing the length of the growing season at different thresholds, thermal stress has also occurred, which has a negative effect on the growth of crops. Investigations showed that the two stations of Maragheh (in the north of the region) and Khorram Abad (in the south) had the most changes. It was also found that the ITA and the Mann-Kendall methods have little difference in showing the type of trend and the ITA shows the changes in a more reasonable way.
Timely Integration of Palliative Care. Don’t dream it, make it happen!
Authors: Adamidis Feroniki , Baumgartner Noemi Sonja , Kitta Anna , Kum Lea , Ecker Franziska , Bär Joachim , Marosi Christine , Kreye Gudrun , Fischer Claudia , Zeilinger Elisabeth L. , Paschen Christopher , Wenzel Claudia , Masel Eva Katharina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Considerable literature suggests that timely integration of Palliative Care (PC) improves the wellbeing, quality of life and satisfaction of patients and their families, and may have a positive impact on clinical outcomes and healthcare costs within the disease trajectory. A review of clinical practice to reflect real-life situations regarding timely PC integration seems essential.
Methods
This study, conducted at the Vienna General Hospital, between March 2016 and August 2022, retrospectively examined PC consultation requests. It aimed to assess the timeliness of PC integration by analyzing the duration between diagnosis and the first PC consultation request, as well as the interval between the first PC consultation request and death.
Results
This study encompassed 895 PC consultations. The median time from diagnosis to the first PC consultation was 16.6 (IQR: 3.9–48.4) months, while the median time from the first PC consultation until death was 17.2 (IQR: 6.1–50.7) days. Median time from diagnosis to first PC consultation was 10.4 months in females (CI: 6.0-14.8) vs. 10.6 months in males (CI: 8.1–13.1; p = 0.118). There were no gender disparities in the time from first PC consultation to death, with a median of 23.3 days (CI: 15.6–31.0) for females and 22.3 days (CI: 16.2–28.4) for males (p = 0.80). Fifty percent of patients died between 5 and 47 days after the first PC consultation.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the discrepancy between the clinical perception of PC as end-of-life care and the existing literature, which emphasises the importance of timely integration of PC.
Health indices for disease incidence risk and duration in the Semi-Markov setting
Authors: Soetewey Antoine , Legrand Catherine , Denuit Michel , Silversmit Geert 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Over the last decade, the number of years of life lost (YLL) became a popular tool in biostatistics and epidemiology to measure discrepancies in life expectancy or mortality between a cohort of patients and the general population. Its prominence in the literature is primarily due to its ease of interpretation and because information on the cause of death is not required. Moreover, multi-state models are a powerful statistical approach to study the evolution of individuals between several "states". Derived from data collected by the Belgian Cancer Registry, encompassing 161,007 cases of melanoma, thyroid, and female breast cancer, a three-state (healthy-cancer-death) illness-death model is used to illustrate how it can be applied to cancer registry data to estimate the incidence risk, and the number of years of life lost due to cancer at different ages at diagnosis and given that the patient survived some years after diagnosis. Results suggest that the probabilities of being diagnosed with cancer over the next 20 years for a healthy individual remain rather low for melanoma and thyroid cancers for both sexes, but considerably increases with age for female breast cancer. Results also suggest that, for female breast cancer, the number of years of life lost before the age of 70 years due to cancer is highest when diagnosed at young ages and then decreases with age at diagnosis, whereas for melanoma and thyroid cancers, it peaks when diagnosed at later ages (between 35 and 55 years depending on the cancer and sex). It also turns out that the number of years of life lost before the age of 70 due to cancer is larger for men than for women for both melanoma and thyroid cancers. Last, it is found that, for melanoma and thyroid cancer patients diagnosed between the age of 20 and 70 years, once they have survived their cancer for 10 years, the number of years of life lost before the age of 70 due to cancer remains below one year. This indicates that, up to the age of 70 years, these patients lose a limited number of years of life due to cancer compared to the general population.
Landslide susceptibility analysis along the coasts of Liguria region (northern Italy)
Authors: Orefice Simone , Innocenti Carlo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Coastal landslides pose significant hazards to populated areas and infrastructure, necessitating accurate assessment and mitigation strategies. In this study, landslide susceptibility maps for rockfalls/topples, rotational/translational slides, complex phenomena and rapid flows were developed in the Liguria region (Italy) from the coast to 2 km inland using the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) and the inventory of Italian landslides, IFFI (Inventario dei Fenomeni Franosi Italiani - https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it/app/iffi). 16 environmental variabilities derived from the DTM, geological map, CORINE land cover and topographic map of the region were used in the models. After an initial general screening to eliminate variables with high collinearity, only the variables found to be most significant for each model were used for each landslide type. The landslide occurrence points were divided randomly into training (80%) and test set (20%). The accuracy of the processed models was evaluated by ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves and AUC (area under the curve). The results showed good performance for all models, although this was dependent on the type of landslide considered. Specifically, the AUC values obtained from testing data were 0.927 for the rockfall/topple model, 0.797 for the rotational/translational slides model, and 0.819 for the complex landslides model. Finally, the AUC value of the rapid flow model is 0.903, but only for the training data, as the number of landslides available for analysis was not sufficient for a split into test and training data. The variables contributing most significantly to the models are the slope, lithology, and land cover, followed by distance from the shoreline and elevation. Susceptibility maps were created for each type of landslide and combined into a final map providing a comprehensive overview of the landslide hazard at the regional level.