bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Cervical Vertebral Artery Tortuosity on the Outcome After Mechanical Thrombectomy for Basilar Artery Occlusion
Authors: Ryu Jae‐Chan , Choi Yun Hyeok , Kwon Boseong , Song Yunsun , Lee Deok Hee , Chang Jun Young , Kang Dong‐Wha , Kwon Sun U. , Kim Jong S. , Kim Bum Joon 
Published: December 2023

Background
Vascular tortuosity affects the outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy (MT). We classified vertebral artery (VA) tortuosity into 3 types and investigated the effect of VA tortuosity on the outcomes in patients with basilar artery occlusion.

Methods
We retrospectively included patients who underwent MT for basilar artery occlusion between January 2012 and May 2022. Clinical and procedure‐related factors were obtained. VA tortuosity was classified into 3 types: type I: nontortuous VA; type II: S‐shaped vessel or a VA with a single acute angulation (<90°); and type III: coiled vessel, kinked vessel, or a VA with acute angulation in >1 location. The 3‐month modified Rankin scale, procedural outcomes, and post‐MT intracranial hemorrhage were assessed.

Results

A total of 106 patients with basilar artery occlusion were included. Age, baseline stroke severity, and 3‐month modified Rankin scale score were significantly different according to VA tortuosity (
P
= 0.003,
P
= 0.002, and
P
<0.001, respectively). A multivariable analysis demonstrated that the VA tortuosity was a predictor for the achievement of modified Rankin scale score of 0 to 3 (type I: reference; type II: odds ratio [OR] = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.07–0.95,
P
= 0.041; type III: OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.02–0.82,
P
= 0.031). Moreover, type III was associated with less successful recanalization (type I: reference; type III: OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.02–0.84,
P
= 0.032) and had a potential trend for post‐MT intracranial hemorrhage (type I: reference; type III: OR = 3.09, 95% CI = 0.83–11.56,
P
= 0.094).

Conclusion
We classified VA tortuosity into 3 types and showed the association between VA tortuosity and stroke outcomes after MT for basilar artery occlusion. Particularly, the mechanisms of poor outcomes in highly tortuous VA might be associated with baseline stroke severity, recanalization failure, and post‐MT intracranial hemorrhage.
Functional Cerebral Venous Anatomy: A Perspective on Venous Collaterals Part II, Infratentorial Venous System
Authors: Ota Takahiro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The infratentorial veins are densely packed in a smaller space compared to the supratentorial veins and have many variations, such as disconnections and anastomoses. Knowledge of the functional venous anatomy of the posterior fossa is becoming increasingly important in neurointerventional procedures. The basic brainstem veins are longitudinal and transverse veins. The venous drainage of the brainstem and cerebellum follows 3 paths: superior (Galenic), anterior (petrosal), and posterior (torcular). Knowledge of the basic venous anatomy of the brainstem and cerebellum is essential for understanding the routes and patterns of venous drainage under pathological conditions, particularly in arteriovenous shunts. This review describes posterior fossa venous development and the functional venous anatomy of the posterior fossa, mainly the veins of the brainstem, cerebellum, and the emissary veins.
Sensitivity analysis of the impact of environmental product declaration values on whole life carbon assessment: A case study using expanded polystyrene insulation for the retrofit of a building in Turkiye
Authors: Arslan Dilek , Mohammadpourkarbasi Haniyeh , Sharples Steve 
Published: December 2023

Until recently, reducing the energy required to service a building (the operational energy) was the main aim of controlling carbon emissions from the built environment. It is now recognised that the energy required to make a building (the embodied energy) also has a crucial role in creating a net zero carbon future. The methodologies for quantifying embodied carbon are less developed than those for operational carbon, and more research is required to refine the embodied carbon metrics used when a building’s whole-life carbon emissions are calculated in a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). One such metric is the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD), a document which can be used in different countries to quantify a product's environmental performance. EPDs are crucial data for conducting an LCA study of a building. However, despite recent efforts to standardise them, there are still inconsistencies between EPDs produced by different countries or manufacturers, even for materials with similar thermal and physical properties. This study considered some of the reasons for variations in EPDs for one product type, expanded polystyrene insulation (EPS). Factors such as (i) the LCA databases and software generators used for the EPDs, (ii) material mixes and manufacturing methods, (iii) country energy production mixes, and (iv) transportation distance from material source to the factory were considered in the analysis. As a case study, this paper examined the effects of selecting different EPDs for expanded polystyrene insulation on the final LCA results from the retrofit of a mid-rise residential building in Turkiye. Differences in EPDs demonstrated a fourfold difference between the highest and lowest upfront carbon impact results of building retrofit. This size of discrepancy indicates the need to choose the most appropriate EPD for a building/location when performing an LCA. Practical Applications Selecting an EPD when conducting an LCA for a new building or retrofit is generally left to the assessor’s judgment and knowledge, which varies greatly depending on the assessor’s background, especially in the construction sector. This study suggests an informed decision-making method over an example of EPS insulation material when the EPD options were none or limited to building locations like Turkiye.
An inducible Cd79b mutation confers ibrutinib sensitivity in mouse models of Myd88-driven diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Flümann Ruth , Hansen Julia , Meinel Jörn , Pfeiffer Pauline , Goldfarb Wittkopf Hannah , Lütz Anna , Wirtz Jessica , Möllmann Michael , Zhou Tanja , Tabatabai Areya , Lohmann Tim , Jauch Maximilian , Beleggia Filippo , Pelzer Benedikt , Ullrich Fabian , Höfmann Svenja , Arora Aastha , Persigehl Thorsten , Büttner Reinhard , von Tresckow Bastian , Klein Sebastian , Jachimowicz Ron D. , Reinhardt Hans Christian , Knittel Gero 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common aggressive lymphoma and constitutes a highly heterogenous disease. Recent comprehensive genomic profiling revealed the identity of numerous molecularly defined DLBCL subtypes, including a cluster which is characterized by recurrent aberrations in MYD88, CD79B, and BCL2, as well as various lesions promoting a block in plasma cell differentiation, including PRDM1, TBL1XR1, and SPIB. Here, we generated a series of autochthonous mouse models to mimic this DLBCL cluster and specifically focused on the impact of Cd79b mutations in this setting. We show that canonical Cd79b immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) mutations do not accelerate Myd88- and BCL2-driven lymphomagenesis. Cd79b-mutant murine DLBCL were enriched for IgM surface expression, reminiscent of their human counterparts. Moreover, Cd79b-mutant lymphomas displayed a robust formation of cytoplasmic signaling complexes involving MYD88, CD79B, MALT1, and BTK. These complexes were disrupted upon pharmacological BTK inhibition. The BTK inhibitor–mediated disruption of these signaling complexes translated into a selective ibrutinib sensitivity of lymphomas harboring combined Cd79b and Myd88 mutations. Altogether, this in-depth cross-species comparison provides a framework for the development of molecularly targeted therapeutic intervention strategies in DLBCL.
Current use of CAR T cells to treat multiple myeloma
Authors: Firestone Ross S. , Mailankody Sham 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Anti–B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have dramatically improved clinical outcomes for patients with heavily pretreated multiple myeloma who have disease refractory to conventional proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies. However, despite this progress, multiple myeloma remains an incurable hematologic malignancy. In this review, we discuss practical considerations for currently FDA approved CAR T-cell therapies, including newer data evaluating those agents in earlier lines of therapy. We also discuss considerations for patients following relapse from anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy, which currently represents an unmet clinical need.
Managing side effects: guidance for use of immunotherapies in multiple myeloma
Authors: Liang Emily C. , Sidana Surbhi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and bispecific T-cell recruiting antibodies have transformed the treatment landscape for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, with B-cell maturation antigen being the most common target and other targets in clinical development. However, these therapies are associated with unique and severe toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), delayed neurotoxicity, cytopenias, and infection. In addition, immune effector cell-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)–like syndrome (IEC-HS), which exhibits overlap between CRS and HLH, can be challenging to diagnose and treat. In this review, we provide an overview of toxicities associated with novel immunotherapies for treatment of multiple myeloma and describe management recommendations. The pathophysiology and risk factors behind these toxicities are not yet comprehensively understood. Based on consensus recommendations, treatment for CRS consists of tocilizumab and steroids, while treatment for ICANS includes steroids and anakinra in severe cases. Management of cytopenias and infection is similar to post–hematopoietic cell transplantation principles with antimicrobial prophylaxis, growth factor support, immunoglobulin replacement, and vaccinations. In contrast, effective treatments for delayed neurotoxicity and IEC-HS are lacking, although steroids and anakinra are commonly used. Management of all these toxicities should include a broad differential and multidisciplinary collaboration with infectious diseases, neurology, and/or critical care providers.
Novel therapies upon failure of HMA plus venetoclax
Authors: Chan Onyee , Walker Alison R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The efficacy and tolerability of the combination of hypomethylating agents with venetoclax (HMA-VEN) in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia has been a practice-changing milestone in the field. However, treatment failure and relapse remain major barriers to prolonged survival. TP53 mutation is a predictor of primary induction failure and portends especially poor outcomes. Prelinical data suggest that VEN resistance stems from these genetic changes, which lead to increases in antiapoptotic proteins such as MCL-1 and BCLXL. For patients who discontinue HMA-VEN for reasons other than disease progression, such as post allotransplantation, infection, and personal preference, rechallenge with HMA-VEN at the time of relapse may be considered. For those who progress on HMA-VEN, clinical trials with novel agents or rational drug combinations are preferred if available. If no trial option is available, fit patients may benefit from intensive chemotherapy. Emerging therapies aim to overcome venetoclax resistance, target interactions that promote leukemogenesis, and harness the immune system to irradicate leukemic blasts and stem cells.
East Asian analogues for early Alpine orogenesis
Authors: Milsom John 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Alpine orogeny is a consequence of the collision of Africa with Eurasia, which eliminated the Western Tethys Ocean. Processes similar to those that would have taken place early in that collision can today be seen operating in the islands of the Indo-Pacific gateway between Southeast Asia and Australia and have the potential to offer insights into the beginnings of orogenesis in the Alps. Studies of the gateway area emphasise the importance of the impact on subduction zones of topography on the downgoing plate, and of the effects of flows in the asthenosphere on lithosphere tectonics.
SingleScan: a comprehensive resource for single-cell sequencing data processing and mining
Authors: Wang Kun , Zhang Xiao , Cheng Hansen , Ma Wenhao , Bao Guangchao , Dong Liting , Gou Yixiong , Yang Jian , Cai Haoyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSingle-cell sequencing has shed light on previously inaccessible biological questions from different fields of research, including organism development, immune function, and disease progression. The number of single-cell-based studies increased dramatically over the past decade. Several new methods and tools have been continuously developed, making it extremely tricky to navigate this research landscape and develop an up-to-date workflow to analyze single-cell sequencing data, particularly for researchers seeking to enter this field without computational experience. Moreover, choosing appropriate tools and optimal parameters to meet the demands of researchers represents a major challenge in processing single-cell sequencing data. However, a specific resource for easy access to detailed information on single-cell sequencing methods and data processing pipelines is still lacking. In the present study, an online resource called SingleScan was developed to curate all up-to-date single-cell transcriptome/genome analyzing tools and pipelines. All the available tools were categorized according to their main tasks, and several typical workflows for single-cell data analysis were summarized. In addition, spatial transcriptomics, which is a breakthrough molecular analysis method that enables researchers to measure all gene activity in tissue samples and map the site of activity, was included along with a portion of single-cell and spatial analysis solutions. For each processing step, the available tools and specific parameters used in published articles are provided and how these parameters affect the results is shown in the resource. All information used in the resource was manually extracted from related literature. An interactive website was designed for data retrieval, visualization, and download. By analyzing the included tools and literature, users can gain insights into the trends of single-cell studies and easily grasp the specific usage of a specific tool. SingleScan will facilitate the analysis of single-cell sequencing data and promote the development of new tools to meet the growing and diverse needs of the research community. The SingleScan database is publicly accessible via the website at http://cailab.labshare.cn/SingleScan.
Comparative genomic analysis of clinical Enterococcus faecalis distinguishes strains isolated from the bladder
Authors: Hochstedler-Kramer Baylie R. , Ene Adriana , Putonti Catherine , Wolfe Alan J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Enterococcus faecalis is the most commonly isolated enterococcal species in clinical infection. This bacterium is notorious for its ability to share genetic content within and outside of its species. With this increased proficiency for horizontal gene transfer, tremendous genomic diversity within this species has been identified. Many researchers have hypothesized E. faecalis exhibits niche adaptation to establish infections or colonize various parts of the human body. Here, we hypothesize that E. faecalis strains isolated from the human bladder will carry unique genomic content compared to clinical strains isolated from other sources.

Results
This analysis includes comparison of 111 E. faecalis genomes isolated from bladder, urogenital, blood, and fecal samples. Phylogenomic comparison shows no association between isolation source and lineage; however, accessory genome comparison differentiates blood and bladder genomes. Further gene enrichment analysis identifies gene functions, virulence factors, antibiotic resistance genes, and plasmid-associated genes that are enriched or rare in bladder genomes compared to urogenital, blood, and fecal genomes. Using these findings as training data and 682 publicly available genomes as test data, machine learning classifiers successfully distinguished between bladder and non-bladder strains with high accuracy. Genes identified as important for this differentiation were often related to transposable elements and phage, including 3 prophage species found almost exclusively in bladder and urogenital genomes.

Conclusions
E. faecalis strains isolated from the bladder contain unique genomic content when compared to strains isolated from other body sites. This genomic diversity is most likely due to horizontal gene transfer, as evidenced by lack of phylogenomic clustering and enrichment of transposable elements and prophages. Investigation into how these enriched genes influence host-microbe interactions may elucidate gene functions required for successful bladder colonization and disease establishment.
Chronic gastritis may predict risk of cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Wei Cunsheng , Tan Chang , Zhang Xuemei , Shen Xin , Xu Zongliang , Li Junrong , Xu Gelin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose
Chronic gastritis, especially that caused by helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, has been associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke. But the relationship between chronic gastritis and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains largely undetermined. This study aimed to determine the potential predictors for CSVD, with chronic gastritis and its proxies as alternatives.

Method
Patients aged 18 years or older with indications for electronic gastroscopy were enrolled. Presence of CSVD was evaluated with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results. Degree of CSVD was scored according to established criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used for identifying possible risk factors for CSVD.

Results
Of the 1191 enrolled patients, 757 (63.6%) were identified as with, and 434 (36.4%) as without CSVD. Multivariate analysis indicated that patients with chronic atrophic gastritis had an increased risk for CSVD than those without (adjusted odds ratio = 1.58; 95% CI, 1.08–2.32; P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Chronic atrophic gastritis is associated with the presence of CSVD. We should routinely screen the presence of CSVD for patients with chronic atrophic gastritis.
The reliability and suitability of strength assessments in frail and pre-frail older adults: recommendations for strength testing in older populations
Authors: Swales Bridgitte , Ryde Gemma C. , Fletcher Iain , Whittaker Anna C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLifelong strength is fundamental to physical function, health, and quality of life. Reliable appropriate strength assessment measures for older adults play an important role in effective evaluation of baseline ability and exercise prescription to counter disease and disuse. This study aimed to investigate the within-session reliability of maximal isometric knee extension and flexion, hip abduction and adduction, and handgrip strength measures in frail and pre-frail older adults.MethodThe study was conducted at a residential care home in Birmingham, UK. All care home residents aged ≥ 65 years; pre-frail or frail according to the Fried Frailty phenotype criteria; able to speak and read English; not currently involved in any other clinical trial; without severe sensory impairments; and with a predicted life expectancy greater than the trial length were eligible. Maximal isometric lower limb testing was performed using specialised resistance training equipment and a portable measurement device, and grip strength was assessed using a portable dynamometer. All eligible participants attended a single testing session and performed three trials per measure. Peak force measures were obtained for analysis. Within-session reliability for each measure was calculated from repeated-measures analysis of variance, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and coefficients of variation (CV) with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsEleven frail and eleven pre-frail older adults participated in the study. Within-session absolute and relative measures were found to be reliable with the highest overall repeatability indicated between trial 2 and trial 3 for knee extension, hip abduction, and handgrip (CV ≤ 4.65%, ICC ≥ 0.96) with variation evident across all measures, except knee extension, from trial 1 to 2.ConclusionsOverall, maximal isometric strength in frail and pre-frail older adults with no previous testing experience can be measured with good to high reliability within their first testing session. An initial two familiarisation trials followed by two measurement trials is recommended to achieve the highest level of overall repeatability.Trial registrationThe trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03141879 on 05/05/2017.
Verification of a comprehensive framework for mobility using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging: a structural equation modeling analysis
Authors: Webber Sandra C. , Liu Yixiu , Jiang Depeng , Ripat Jacquie , Nowicki Scott , Tate Robert , Barclay Ruth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Mobility within and between life spaces is fundamental for health and well-being. Our objective was to verify a comprehensive framework for mobility.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. We used structural equation modeling to estimate associations between latent factors with data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging for participants 65–85 years of age (65+, n = 11,667) and for adults with osteoarthritis (OA) aged 45–85 (n = 5,560). Latent factors included life space mobility, and physical, psychosocial, environmental, financial, and cognitive elements. Personal variables (age, sex, education) were covariates.

Results
The models demonstrated good fit (65+: CFI = 0.90, RMSEA (90% CI) = 0.025 (0.024, 0.026); OA: CFI = 0.90, RMSEA (90% CI) = 0.032 (0.031, 0.033)). In both models, better psychosocial and physical health, and being less afraid to walk after dark (observed environmental variable) were associated with greater life space mobility. Greater financial status was associated with better psychosocial and physical health. Higher education was related to better cognition and finances. Older age was associated with lower financial status, cognition, and physical health. Cognitive health was positively associated with greater mobility only in the 65 + model. Models generated were equivalent for males and females.

Conclusions
Associations between determinants described in the mobility framework were verified with adults 65–85 years of age and in an OA group when all factors were considered together using SEM. These results have implications for clinicians and researchers in terms of important outcomes when assessing life space mobility; findings support interdisciplinary analyses that include evaluation of cognition, depression, anxiety, environmental factors, and community engagement, as well as physical and financial health. Public policies that influence older adults and their abilities to access communities beyond their homes need to reflect the complexity of factors that influence life space mobility at both individual and societal levels.