bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic impact of lung ultrasound detected B-lines on hospitalised ischaemic heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction patients
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhou Yuying , Cheng Fangqun , Zhu Yunlong , Li Na , Peng Xin , Wu Mingxin , Huang Haobo , Zhang Lingling , Liao Min , Xiao Sha , Chen Yongliang , Chen Sihao , Liu Zhican , Yi Liqing , Fan Jie , Zeng Jianping 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesPrognostic impact of lung ultrasound-derived B-lines (LUS-BL) in heart failure with mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFmrEF) patients remains elusive. We evaluated the correlation between LUS-BL and prognosis in HFmrEF patients.MethodsThis is a subgroup analysis based on our previously published retrospective study with 1691 HFmrEF patients. This subgroup analysis involved 574 patients with LUS-BL results at admission. After discharge, patients underwent clinical follow-up for a minimum of 1 year through telephone, clinical visits or community visits. The primary endpoint was defined as cardiovascular (CV) event, including CV-related mortality or HF hospitalisation at 90 days and 1 year after discharge.ResultsCV event at 90 days was significantly increased with higher LUS-BL number (0, 1–2, 3–9 and ≥10: 20%, 14%, 18% and 33%, p=0.008), while CV event rate at 1 year was similar among groups (45% vs 45% vs 42% vs 50%, p=0.573). Older age, hypertension (HR=2.06, 95% CI 1.31 to 3.25), higher right ventricular diameter (>23 mm, HR=2.008, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.94), increased ratio of early transmitral flow velocity to early mitral annular velocity (>24, HR=1.79, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.26) and higher LUS-BL number (>11, HR=1.510, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.26) were identified as independent determinants associated with increased risk of CV event at 90 days after discharge. The Harrell’s C-Statistic analysis, based on the Cox regression models, demonstrated a significant improvement in the predictive ability of the model that incorporated both clinical and echocardiographic risk factors along with LUS-BL (areas under the curve (AUC)=0.72) compared with the model comprising only clinical risk factors and LUS-BL (AUC=0.69, p=0.036), or to the model with echocardiographic risk factors and LUS-BL (AUC=0.68, p=0.025).ConclusionIn HFmrEF patients with ischaemic heart disease, admission LUS-BL>11 is independently associated with an increased risk of CV event at 90 days following discharge.
Support for nicotine reduction in cigarettes: findings from the 2016 and 2020 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Surveys
Authors: Fairman Robert T , Cho Yoo Jin , Popova Lucy , Cummings K Michael , Smith Tracy T , Fong Geoffrey T , Gravely Shannon , Borland Ron , McNeill Ann , Gartner Coral E , Morphett Kylie , Thrasher James F 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe USA and New Zealand have sought to establish a product standard to set a maximum nicotine level for cigarettes to reduce their addictiveness. This study examined support for very low nicotine cigarettes (VLNCs) in Australia, Canada, England and the USA between 2016 and 2020.MethodsRepeated cross-sectional data were analysed from participants who currently smoke, formerly smoked or vaped and/or currently vape in the 2016 (n=11 150) and/or 2020 (n=5432) International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey. Respondents were asked if they would support a law that reduces the amount of nicotine in cigarettes to make them less addictive. Adjusted and weighted logistic regression analyses estimated the prevalence and predictors of support, such as country, age, sex, education, income, race and smoking/vaping status for VLNCs (support vs oppose/do not know).ResultsA majority of respondents supported a VLNC law, with support highest in Canada (69%; 2016 and 2020 combined), followed by England (61%), Australia (60%) and the USA (58%). Overall, support decreased from 62% in 2016 to 59% in 2020 (p=0.004), which did not differ by country. Levels of support differed by smoking/vaping status, where those who exclusively smoked daily showed the lowest level of support (59%) and those who exclusively vaped non-daily had the highest level of support (72%).ConclusionMore than half of respondents in all four countries—including those who smoked daily—supported a hypothetical VLNC standard to render cigarettes less addictive. It is important to examine if support is sustained after policies are implemented.
Sex differences in mouse placental metabolite profiles: an NMR metabolomics study
Authors: Hanrahan Jenna , Steeves Katherine L. , Mercer Grace V. , O'Brien Thomas M. , Locke Drew P. , Harvey Nikita E. , Maekawa Alexandre S. , Stephenson Amy N. , Schneider Céline M. , Cahill Lindsay S. 
Published: December 2023

A proper functioning placenta is essential for normal fetal development. The placenta has a vital function as a protective barrier and is critical for nutrient and waste exchange for the developing fetus. Our group and others have reported sex differences in both placental structure and function; however, differences in the placental metabolome between female and male fetuses have been understudied. Here, placental tissue samples were collected from healthy pregnant CD-1 mice in late gestation ( n = 26 female and n = 27 male placentas from 17 dams at embryonic day 17.5). Metabolite profiles were determined using 1H magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. The relative concentration of alanine was significantly higher in male placentas whereas, threonine was higher in female placentas ( p < 0.05). This study adds to the growing literature demonstrating sex differences in healthy placental function and emphasizes the importance of examining both female and male placentas in metabolomics studies.
Positronium transmission through graphene thin films supported with lacy carbon in the energy range of a few keV
Authors: Mikami Riki , Nagata Yugo , Sada Yuhi , Nagashima Yasuyuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We studied the transmission of positronium through thin graphene films supported with lacy carbon using an energy-tunable positronium beam recently developed based on photodetachment of positronium negative ions. By analysing the results of the measurements conducted with different number of graphene layers, the transmittance per single-layer graphene without lacy carbon was estimated to be 70% and 74% at 2.3 keV and 3.3 keV, respectively.

Graphical Abstract
Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Pre-existing COVID-19 Vulnerability Factors in Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Liu Wendao , Li Wenbo , Zhao Zhongming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and cancer are major health threats, and individuals may develop both simultaneously. Recent studies have indicated that patients with cancer are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the associations remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we collected single-cell RNA-sequencing data from COVID-19, lung adenocarcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma patients, and normal lungs to perform an integrated analysis. We characterized altered cell populations, gene expression, and dysregulated intercellular communication in diseases. Our analysis identified pathologic conditions shared by COVID-19 and lung cancer, including upregulated TMPRSS2 expression in epithelial cells, stronger inflammatory responses mediated by macrophages, increased T-cell response suppression, and elevated fibrosis risk by pathologic fibroblasts. These pre-existing conditions in patients with lung cancer may lead to more severe inflammation, fibrosis, and weakened adaptive immune response upon COVID-19 infection. Our findings revealed potential molecular mechanisms driving an increased COVID-19 risk in patients with lung cancer and suggested preventive and therapeutic targets for COVID-19 in this population.Implications:Our work reveals the potential molecular mechanisms contributing to the vulnerability to COVID-19 in patients with lung cancer.
Intracellular K+ Limits T-cell Exhaustion and Preserves Antitumor Function
Authors: Collier Camille , Wucherer Kelly , McWhorter Matthew , Jenkins Chelsea , Bartlett Alexandra , Roychoudhuri Rahul , Eil Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
T cells are often compromised within cancers, allowing disease progression. We previously found that intratumoral elevations in extracellular K+, related to ongoing cell death, constrained CD8+ T-cell Akt–mTOR signaling and effector function. To alleviate K+-mediated T-cell dysfunction, we pursued genetic means to lower intracellular K+. CD8+ T cells robustly and dynamically express the Na+/K+ ATPase, among other K+ transporters. CRISPR-Cas9–mediated disruption of the Atp1a1 locus lowered intracellular K+ and elevated the resting membrane potential (i.e., Vm, Ψ). Despite compromised Ca2+ influx, Atp1a1-deficient T cells harbored tonic hyperactivity in multiple signal transduction cascades, along with a phenotype of exhaustion in mouse and human CD8+ T cells. Provision of exogenous K+ restored intracellular levels in Atp1a1-deficient T cells and prevented damaging levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and both antioxidant treatment and exogenous K+ prevented Atp1a1-deficient T-cell exhaustion in vitro. T cells lacking Atp1a1 had compromised persistence and antitumor activity in a syngeneic model of orthotopic murine melanoma. Translational application of these findings will require balancing the beneficial aspects of intracellular K+ with the ROS-dependent nature of T-cell effector function.
See related Spotlight by Banuelos and Borges da Silva, p. 6
CD8+ T Cells Keep Their (K+)urrency for Function
Authors: Banuelos Alma , Borges da Silva Henrique 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
CD8+ T-cell responses are influenced by ion abundance, which can widely vary within the tumor microenvironment. In this issue, Collier and colleagues investigated how intracellular versus extracellular potassium ion (K+) regulates intratumoral CD8+ T cells. They show that, while excessive extracellular K+ induces exhaustion, intracellular K+ is needed for protection from dysfunction. This work shows additional evidence that the regulation of CD8+ T-cell responses depends on a fine balance between intracellular and extracellular metabolite levels.
See related article by Collier et al., p. 36 (2) .
Associations Between Life's Essential 8 and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Ren Yuqing , Cai Zongao , Guo Chunguang , Zhang Yuyuan , Xu Hui , Liu Long , Wang Libo , Ba Yuhao , Liu Shutong , Zhang Guojun , Liu Zaoqu , Han Xinwei 
Published: December 2023

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. We aimed to examine the association of Life's Essential 8 (LE8), the recently updated measurement of cardiovascular health, with the prevalence of CKD among US adults.

Methods and Results
This population‐based cross‐sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2018 and included adults aged ≥20 years. Multivariable logistic and restricted cubic spline models were used to assess the associations between LE8 and CKD. Among 24 960 participants, 4437 were determined to have CKD (weighted percentage, 14.11%). After the adjustment of potential confounders, higher LE8 scores were associated with reduced odds of CKD (odds ratio for each 10‐point increase, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.76–0.83]), and a nonlinear dose–response relationship was observed. Similar patterns were also identified in the associations of health behavior and health factor scores with CKD. Meanwhile, higher scores for blood glucose (odds ratio, for each 10‐point increase, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.87–0.90]) and blood pressure (odds ratio, for each 10‐point increase, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.91–0.94]) in the LE8 component are significantly associated with a lower prevalence of CKD. The inversed association of LE8 score and CKD was significantly stronger among middle‐aged, male, and coupled participants.

Conclusions
LE8 was negatively associated with the prevalence of CKD in a nonlinear fashion. Promoting adherence to optimal cardiovascular health levels may be beneficial to reduce the burden of CKD.
A Preliminary Study of Anti‐TNFα Therapy for Symptomatic Dolichoectatic Vertebrobasilar Aneurysms
Authors: Caton Michael Travis , Narsinh Kazim , Han Woody , Chaganti Ramani , Graf Jonathan , Halabi Cathra , Winkler Ethan , Cooke Daniel L. 
Published: December 2023

Background
Dolichoectatic vertebrobasilar aneurysms (DVBAs) carry high morbidity, and treatment options are limited. The tumor necrosis factor α signaling cascade is implicated in DVBA growth and rupture, but the role of anti–tumor necrosis factor α therapy in DVBA has not been studied.

Methods
A retrospective, case–control study of DVBA at a single institution was performed. Two patients with DVBA were treated with infliximab (tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor) as part of routine therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Three additional patients diagnosed with DVBA were studied as a control group. Routine brain magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography were measured by 2 blinded neuroradiologists to assess DVBA growth. Baseline comorbidities and clinical outcomes were assessed by chart review.

Results

The groups were similar with respect to baseline characteristics, and all patients were symptomatic at the time of DVBA diagnosis. One patient who started infliximab during the study period showed a reversal in DVBA growth rate trajectory, with a relative decrease in growth rate by 37% (0.49–0.18 mm
2
/day). Mean interval DVBA growth rates were lower during infliximab therapy than during noninfliximab observation intervals (0.13 versus 0.50 mm
2
/day;
P
= 0.09). Two patients in the control group died during the study period and 1 had a poor outcome (modified Rankin scale = 4). Both patients in the infliximab group had unchanged functional status (modified Rankin scale = 1) and no adverse events related to infliximab.

Conclusion
This study presents the first investigation of anti–tumor necrosis factor α therapy for DVBA. Infliximab was associated with low and decreasing DVBA growth trajectories with no treatment‐related adverse events. The effect of infliximab on clinical outcomes remains uncertain.
'Til Dowry Do Us Part: Bargaining and Violence in Indian Families
Authors: Calvi Rossella , Keskar Ajinkya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We develop a non-cooperative bargaining model with incomplete information linking dowry payments, domestic violence, resource allocation between a husband and a wife, and separation. Our model generates several predictions, which we test empirically using amendments to the Indian anti-dowry law as a natural experiment. We document a decline in women's bargaining power and separations, and a surge in domestic violence following the amendments. These unintended effects are attenuated when social stigma against separation is low and, in some circumstances, when gains from marriage are high. Whenever possible, parents increase investment in their daughters' human capital to compensate for lower dowries.
From Inclusion-Radicalization to Moderation Under Institutional Constraints: A Synchronic and Diachronic Approach of Algerian Islamist Parties (1989–2019)
Authors: Aït-Aoudia Myriam , Benzenine Belkacem 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on the transformations of Algerian Islamist parties, placing them in a dynamic context. Having undergone both phases since the fall of the ruling party in 1989, Algeria furnishes a case study for analyzing the conditions and challenges of the inclusion and exclusion of Islamist parties. The synchronic and diachronic construction of the Algerian case, combined with a comprehensive and inductive approach, thus allows us to contribute to the inclusion-moderation debate on multiple empirical, methodological, and conceptual levels. Only this dual approach makes it possible to grasp the changes and continuities in the ideology and modes of action of the Islamist parties as well as the evolution of how the regime integrated or excluded them from the political arena. On the level of defining moderation and radicalization, it allows us to differentiate between, on the one hand, political labelling by the various Islamist or non-Islamist actors and institutionally defined legal criteria and, on the other hand, academic concepts. This calls for adopting a dual analysis: what we term a radicalization within the institutional arena (by subverting the foundations of the state, i.e., the Islamic state project) and a radicalization from outside it (by armed violence). In this framework, the political exclusion of an Islamist party correlates closely not with its intrinsic radicality but with the crossing of an electoral threshold, which sets the stage for implementing its radical program. Knowing how the civilian and military authorities assess this threat is thus essential for understanding the exclusionary and inclusionary processes. Next, we must differentiate between inclusion in the electoral game, which is accepted, and inclusion in the executive branch, on which the Islamist parties are internally conflicted. Finally, it behooves us to show that the moderation of programs and modes of action does not stem from (prior) inclusion in the political game, but instead results from a new institutional constraint. It produces specific effects, namely partisan fragmentation, and ambivalence about the identity of Islamist parties.
Travels and Cities of the Ḥadīth Studies: An Analysis of Buldān in the Islamic Intellectual History
Authors: Bin Muhammad Yusoff Muhammad Fawwaz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Biographical materials of cities or regions are arguably a part of scattered Muslim historical compositions, with a noticeable impact on the shaping of literary traditions in classical Islam. This article aims to draw attention to the concept of buldān in the Islamic intellectual history, which is largely converged with the concept of ṭabaqāt, or generational structure in the theoretical treatises as classified by the classical Ḥadīth scholars. Based on the answers to this question, the task involves analysing both theoretical and practical aspects of Ḥadīth collections and Ḥadīth theoretical treatises along with biographical dictionaries of the earlier periods, beginning with the sixth/twelfth century and then going back to the second/eighth century. Our historical research and discursive approach have pointed out that the representations of cities or regions in the biographical dictionaries of Ḥadīth scholars carry culturally and historically significant impacts, in addition to an insight that early Muslim scholars correlated knowledge with social endurance of cities.
The Prevalence of Quranic Verses Recitation in Malay Medical Treatment: A Study on Kitab Tib MSS1653 Manuscript
Authors: Ibrahim Norhasnira , Shah Faisal Ahmad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Al-Quran is known as the best remedy for illnesses. In Malay medical treatment, the recitation of Quranic verses was one of the treatment methods applied by Malay medical practitioners. A lot of Quranic verses were used as a prayer and documented in Malay medical manuscripts produced in the 16th to 20th centuries. Hence, this article attempts to analyse Quranic verses recitation used as a treatment method in Kitab Tib MSS1653 manuscript. This study applied qualitative methodology and library research methods. The data was analysed by using inductive, deductive, and comparative methods to provide a discussion on related objectives. The finding shows that there were 387 Quranic verses from 58 surahs were used as a treatment method discussed in this manuscript. However, there were some spelling errors in Quranic verses writing found in Malay medical manuscripts. Seven types of spelling errors are missing letter hamzah, dots removal in letters, misspelled words, additional letters, missing letters, missing words, and major spelling mistakes.
Qurʾanic Edupreneur: Counter to Unemployment in Contemporary Indonesia
Authors: Fatah Abdul , Karim Abdul , Masruri Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study examines the concept of Qurʾanic edupreneur to counter unemployment in Indonesia. The method of research is qualitative with interpretative analysis. The data is taken from literal and field sources. The researchers use three key words in the Qurʾan al-ʿamal, al-saʿy and al-kasb to capture the spirit of entrepreneurship in the Qurʾan with a contextual hermeneutics approach. Al-ʿamal means the work ethos, productivity and professionality (Al-Nahl/16: 97) Meanwhile, al-kasb is interpreted as any effort to bring in economic value (Al-Baqarah/2: 267). The word Al-saʿy is interpreted to be quick to see business opportunities and adaptive to changes (Al-Jumuʿah/62: 9). These values of entrepreneurial spirit in the Qurʾan are internalized in the educational curriculum so the students have an entrepreneurial vision and mentality, this concept is called as Qurʾanic edupreneur. The Islamic boarding school of Fathul Ulum, Jombang is one best example in Islamic institution in implementing the concept of Qurʾanic Edupreneur. The students not only study about religious science but also skill of entrepreneurship; this is proven by some training centers of entrepreneurship in Fathul Ulum for example fisheries, agriculture, animal husbandry, catering, advertising and convection. The students are taught to have an entrepreneurial spirit and become strong, ethical, professional and hard-working individuals based on Qurʾanic values. This curriculum integration model has proven to be able to reduce unemployment in productive age.
Wood structural diversity in fynbos, chaparral, and maquis: a preliminary estimation
Authors: Oskolski Alexei A. , Akinlabi Funmilade M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Fynbos, a shrubland from the Cape Floristic Region in South Africa, is one of five Mediterranean-climate biomes alongside maquis in the Mediterranean Basin, chaparral in California, matorral in Central Chile and kwongan in Southwestern Australia. We compiled the available information on the wood anatomy of 226 species belonging to 65 genera of 14 families that occurred in fynbos and compared this dataset with the published data on wood diversity in Californian chaparral and Israeli maquis. “Carlquist’s Law”, i.e., the association between the ground tissue made of fibre tracheids and low vessel grouping, has been confirmed for the fynbos plants. The lack of ring porosity and very low incidence of semi-ring-porous woods is the most prominent difference of the fynbos from the other two vegetation types. These features are attributed to the paucity of deciduous plants in fynbos which is probably associated with the poor-nutrient soils in this biome. The fynbos differs from chaparral and maquis also in the greatest percentage of the species having no tracheids in their wood as well as with the lowest incidence of helical thickenings on the vessel walls. These differences could be explained by the lower tolerance of fynbos shrubs to seasonal drought due to the relatively mild dry season in this biome. We also found that some differences between fynbos, chaparral, and maquis in the incidences of fibre tracheids and vasicentric/vascular tracheids associated with large vessel groups can be at least partly explained by different systematic compositions of their floras. The higher percentage of distinct growth rings, greater vessel diameter, and lower vessel frequency in maquis compared with fynbos and chaparral can be attributed to a common occurrence of relatively tall trees in this vegetation.