bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observing sources of system resilience using in situ alarm simulations
Authors: McLoone Melissa , McNamara Meghan , Jennings Megan A. , Stinson Hannah R. , Luo Brooke T. , Ferro Daria , Albanowski Kimberly , Ruppel Halley , Won James , Bonafide Christopher P. , Rasooly Irit R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlarm fatigue (and resultant alarm nonresponse) threatens the safety of hospitalized patients. Historically threats to patient safety, including alarm fatigue, have been evaluated using a Safety I perspective analyzing rare events such as failure to respond to patients' critical alarms. Safety II approaches call for learning from the everyday adaptations clinicians make to keep patients safe. To identify such sources of resilience in alarm systems, we conducted 59 in situ simulations of a critical hypoxemic‐event alarm in medical/surgical and intensive care units at a tertiary care pediatric hospital between December 2019 and May 2022. Response timing, observations of the environment, and postsimulation debrief interviews were captured. Four primary means of successful alarm responses were mapped to domains of Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety framework to inform alarm system design and improvement.
Ivermectin as a potential therapeutic strategy for glioma
Authors: Hu Xing , Ju Yan , Zhang Yue‐Kang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIvermectin (IVM), a semi‐synthetic macrolide parasiticide, has demonstrated considerable effectiveness in combating internal and external parasites, particularly nematodes and arthropods. Its remarkable ability to control parasites has earned it significant recognition, culminating in Satoshi Omura and William C. Campbell's receipt of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their contributions to the development of IVM. In recent years, investigations have revealed that IVM possesses antitumor properties. It can suppress the growth of various cancer cells, including glioma, through a multitude of mechanisms such as selective targeting of tumor‐specific proteins, inducing programmed cell death, and modulation of tumor‐related signaling pathways. Hence, IVM holds tremendous potential as a novel anticancer drug. This review seeks to provide an overview of the underlying mechanisms that enable IVM's capacity to suppress glioma. Furthermore, it aims to elucidate the challenges and prospects associated with utilizing IVM as a new anticancer agent.
Big data and RCT's in surgical oncology: Impact on improving hepatopancreatobiliary cancer surgical care on the global stage
Authors: Shrikhande Shailesh V. , Kunte Aditya R. , Chopde Amit N. , Chaudhari Vikram A. , Bhandare Manish S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRandomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) are at the heart of “evidence‐based” medicine. Conducting well‐designed RCTs for surgical procedures is often challenged by inadequate recruitment accrual, blinding, or standardization of the surgical procedure, as well as lack of funding and evolution of the treatment strategy during the many years over which such trials are conducted. In addition, most clinical trials are performed in academic high‐volume centers with highly selected patients, which may not necessarily reflect a “real‐world” practice setting. Large databases provide easy and inexpensive access to data on a large and diverse patient population at a variety of treatment centers. Furthermore, large database studies provide the opportunity to answer questions that would be impossible or very arduous to answer using RCTs, including questions regarding health policy efficacy, trends in surgical practice, access to health care, the impact of hospital volume, and adherence to practice guidelines, as well as research questions regarding rare disease, infrequent surgical outcomes, and specific subpopulations. Prospective data registries may also allow for quality benchmarking and auditing. There are several high‐quality RCTs providing evidence to support current practices in hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) oncology. Evidence from big data bridges the gap in several instances where RCTs are lacking. In this article, we review the evidence from RCTs and big data in HPB oncology identify the existing lacunae, and discuss the future directions of research in HPB oncology.
Immunosuppression is a risk factor for worse survival and disease‐specific death in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Greene Adina , Hwang Angelina S. , Kechter Jacob A. , Boudreaux Blake W. , Bhullar Puneet , Severson Kevin J. , Butterfield Richard J. , Zhang Nan , Tolaymat Leila M. , Degesys Catherine A. , Ochoa Shari A. , Arpey Christopher J. , Baum Christian L. , Mangold Aaron R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious literature on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) suggests that the incidence, rate of metastasis, and tumour severity of cSCC are higher in immunosuppressed patients than in immunocompetent patients. However, current literature lacks an extensive comparison of cSCC clinical characteristics and outcomes in immunosuppressed patients.ObjectivesWe compared cSCC tumour characteristics and disease‐related outcomes to help guide the clinical management of immunosuppressed patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of histopathologic and clinical data from 935 cSCC cases (19.5% immunosuppressed) from the Mayo Clinic.ResultsImmunosuppression was associated with younger age (69.3 vs. 74.8 years old, p < 0.0001), male gender (78.6% vs. 67.2%, p = 0.003), and higher grade cSCC tumour characterized by moderate or poor differentiation (25.7% vs. 15.8%, p = 0.009; 9.2% vs. 7.2%, p = 0.009, respectively). No significant differences were found in other tumour characteristics, including clinical tumour dimension, Brigham and Women's Hospital tumour staging or cumulative risk of metastasis and recurrence. Immunosuppressed patients had an increased risk of disease‐specific death on univariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval, CI] 2.05 [1.13–3.74], p = 0.0128). Overall survival in the immunosuppressed population was worse (adjusted HR [95% CI] 1.83 [1.42–2.35], p < 0.001) and, notably, solid organ transplant recipients had the lowest overall survival when stratifying immunosuppressed patients by immunosuppression type (HR [95% CI] 1.62 [1.17–2.24], p < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn our study, immunosuppression status was predictive of poor differentiation of tumours and a reduction in overall and cSCC‐specific survival. Current staging systems for cSCC do not include immunosuppression as a risk factor and incorporating immune status may be beneficial for accurate risk stratification.
Cutaneous lymphangitic carcinomatosis from cervical cancer
Authors: Barquero‐Orias Daniel , Aguilar‐Aguilar Nelson , Martin‐Zamora Camila , Vargas‐Wille Maria F. , Gutiérrez‐Araya Daniel , Suarez‐Monge Rodolfo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe report a case of cutaneous lymphangitic carcinomatosis arising from cervical cancer in a 66‐year‐old woman. No standardized treatment protocol currently exists for cutaneous lymphangitic carcinomatosis; in our case, treatment with carboplatin and paclitaxel induced a positive clinical skin response, but the patient passed away from metastatic disease.
Avoiding mortality: timing prescribed burns in ornate box turtle habitat
Authors: Edmonds Devin A. , Bach Elizabeth M. , Colton Andrea L. , Jaquet Izabelle S. , Kessler Ethan J. , Dreslik Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFire is a vital management tool for maintaining prairie ecosystems. Prescribed burns control invasive species, regulate succession, stimulate plant growth, and are a cheap and effective method for removing excess biomass; however, fire can also inadvertently cause wildlife mortality, placing land managers in a challenging situation. Turtles are especially at risk of mortality from fire because of their low mobility and population sensitivity to reductions in adult survival. We studied ornate box turtles (Terrapene ornata) at 3 sites in Illinois, USA, from 2019–2022 to determine the best predictors of above‐ground activity so land managers can conduct prescribed burns when turtles are underground. We used turtle shell temperature, air temperature, soil temperature, and precipitation data to develop a predictive model of above‐ground activity. The best model for predicting above‐ground activity included an interaction between day of year and current air temperature. Earlier in spring and later in fall, above‐ground activity is more likely at higher air temperatures compared to later in spring and earlier in fall when the same likelihood of above‐ground activity is predicted at lower air temperatures. In spring, we recommend burning in Illinois ornate box turtle habitat before 1 April when air temperature is <10°C and in fall after 1 November when air temperature is <15°C. Above these temperature thresholds, there is a >5% likelihood that turtles in northern populations are above ground.
Movement behavior and passive dispersal of a reintroduced population of alligator snapping turtles
Authors: Kessler Ethan J. , Dreslik Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMaladaptive movement behavior is a leading cause of failure for reptile reintroductions, thus characterizing movement for translocated populations is important to project success. From 2014–2016 we radio‐tracked 183 immature reintroduced alligator snapping turtles (Macrochelys temminckii) using very high frequency telemetry in a stream in southern Illinois, USA. We assessed environmental, temporal, morphometric, and microhabitat factors influencing movement, including post‐release dispersal from reintroduction sites, movement probability, and step length. We used directional statistics to investigate the effects of precipitation and age on directional movement in the stream. Numerous factors influenced active movement, including ambient temperatures, time since release, use of log jams, turtle size, and age. Precipitation had an age‐biased effect on movement. Directional analyses suggested that movement was largely passive as turtles were swept downstream with increased discharge. Overall, the behavior of reintroduced alligator snapping turtles was similar to that reported in wild populations. Passive downstream transport has implications for reintroduced and natural populations as a force for unintentional emigration in channelized streams under current conditions and future high flow regimes.
Modified painless photodynamic therapy for facial multiple actinic keratosis in China: A prospective split‐face control study
Authors: Li Jiandan , Zhang Yunfeng , Zhang Guolong , Zhang Linglin , Zhou Zhongxia , Wang Peiru , Wang Xiuli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA‐PDT) is an effective treatment for multiple actinic keratosis (AK). However, PDT‐induced pain often discontinues the therapy to reduce its efficacy, limiting its application. If modified painless PDT schedule with shorter photosensitizer dressing and higher dose illumination could achieve good efficacy in AK, it is still unknown.ObjectivesTo explore the efficacy and pain tolerance of the modified painless PDT (M‐PDT) in facial multiple AK.MethodsA split‐face controlled clinical study including 14 patients with facial multiple AK was conducted. The patients received conventional PDT (C‐PDT) on the left and M‐PDT in the contralateral area. The left area (C‐PDT) was illuminated by a red light‐emitting diode light (144 J/cm2) after applying the 10% ALA cream for 3 h; the other had illumination for a total light dose of 288 J/cm2 after applying the 10% ALA cream for 0.5 h. The primary endpoint was the lesion clearance rate at 1‐month postthree sessions of PDT. Secondary endpoints included pain scores, the incidence of adverse events during treatment, and cosmetic outcomes.ResultsAt 1 month following three treatments, the total lesion clearance rate was comparable between M‐PDT and C‐PDT (91.6% vs. 89.0%). While the lesion clearance rate of M‐PDT was higher than that of C‐PDT in the Grade III lesions (86.5% vs. 72.0%, respectively) (p < 0.05). M‐PDT achieved a 100% lesion clearance rate for Grade I lesions earlier than C‐PDT, with M‐PDT treated twice and C‐PDT treated thrice. Moreover, the pain score during illumination was significantly lower for M‐PDT than for C‐PDT (p < 0.01). Regarding photoaging, the Global Subjective Skin Aging Assessment score showed that the total and atrophy scores of C‐PDT and M‐PDT were significantly improved, and M‐PDT also reduced discoloration. There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between C‐PDT and M‐PDT.ConclusionsM‐PDT is comparable to C‐PDT's efficacy for treating facial multiple AK, resulting in much lower pain scores.
To be real or not to be real? The effect of genuine (vs. nongenuine) depictions of social media influencers on followers' well‐being and brand purchase intention
Authors: Claeys Pauline , Charry Karine , Tessitore Tina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCriticized for the idealized lives portrayed on social media (e.g., Instagram), a growing number of social media influencers are now embracing genuineness, showcasing unfiltered and less sophisticated pictures of themselves. The current research investigated this trend by examining how genuine (vs. nongenuine) visual self‐presentations by influencers affect their followers' purchase intention and, importantly, their well‐being. With an experiment (n = 171) and a quasi‐experiment with an ex‐post facto design (n = 154), we demonstrate that influencers' genuineness (vs. nongenuineness) not only benefits promoted brands but also followers' well‐being. Specifically, genuine (vs. nongenuine) influencers induce fewer upward comparisons, which, in turn, increases followers' self‐esteem, well‐being, and purchase intention. Investigating the role of gender, we show that, while males also tend to purchase more products when recommended by genuine (vs. nongenuine) male influencers, the mediating process through social comparison does not occur. Combining psychosocial and marketing perspectives, this study expands various streams of research on social media influencers and offers pragmatic contributions that reconcile managers, social media influencers, and public policymakers. More genuineness in pictures, using fewer filters and beauty artifices, provides benefits for all. Finally, we suggest future research directions as ways to further reconcile these two perspectives.
Effect of electron irradiation on alternating current electrical properties of gelatin – cadmium sulfide nano‐composite films
Authors: Shehata M. M. , Radwan S. I. , Abdel Samad S. , Al‐Abyad M. , El‐Khabeary H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGelatin was doped with 1 %, 3 %, 5 % and 10 % cadmium sulfide nanoparticles in weight concentrations forming the gelatin‐cadmium sulfide nanocomposites and irradiated by various electron beam doses equals 50 kGy, 75 kGy, 100 kGy, and 150 kGy using 3 MeV – 3 mA electron accelerator. The applied alternating current electrical field frequency ranging from 70 Hz to 5 MHz is what caused the fluctuation in dielectric properties and alternating current electrical conductivity of these nanocomposites. The results showed that the films of 1 %, 3 %, 5 %, and 10 % for blank (nanocomposite film without electron beam irradiation) nanocomposites had the highest dielectric parameters (έ, ϵ′′, tan δ) at 0.5 kHz with values of (0.696, 0.0233, 0.034), (0.533, 0.0114, 0.0215), (0.402, 0.001196, 0.003), and (0.459, 0.00418, 0.0091), respectively. However, the lowest dielectric parameters were (0.645, 0.00618, 0.0066), (0.523, 0.00165, 0.0215), (0.417, 0.00035, 0.0008), and (0.455, 0.00066, 0.0015) at 5 MHz, respectively. The highest conductivity values for blank nanocomposites of 1 %, 3 %, 5 %, and 10 % were 1.79×10−4 S/m, 1.45×10−4 S/m, 1.16×10−4 S/m, 1.27×10−4 S/m at 5 MHz, and the lowest values were 1.92×10−8 S/m, 1.49×10−8 S/m, 1.13×10−8 S/m, 1.26×10−8 S/m at 0.5 kHz, respectively. For irradiated nanocomposites at 5 MHz, the dielectric constant order for 1 % was 100 kGy, 150 kGy, 50 kGy, and 75 kGy with values 0.63, 0.537, 0.532, and 0.523, respectively. For 10 % weight concentration, the order was 50 kGy, 100 kGy, 150 kGy, and 75 kGy with values 0.515, 0.477, 0.47, and 0.437, respectively. Otherwise the dielectric constant order for 3 % and 5 % was 100 kGy, 75 kGy, 150 kGy, and 50 kGy. The highest dielectric properties and conductivity values for blank and irradiated nanocomposites were observed at 100 kGy for 1 %, 3 %, and 5 %.
Effect of deposition path of electron beam freeform fabrication on residual stress and deformation of deposited parts
Authors: Yan W. , Zhu S. , Li Z. , Huo S. , Feng J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present work focused on the effect of deposition path on the transient temperature distribution, heat transfer, residual deformation and residual stress of a rectangular solid deposited by electron beam freeform fabrication technology. To achieve this aim, three representative deposition paths were involved to produce rectangular solid by electron beam freeform fabrication technology. Thermal‐mechanical decoupling simulations were carried out with respect to three different deposition paths. Both of the experimental and simulation results showed that a shorter deposition track can remarkably reduce the residual stress and warping. After separating the deposition area into small segments, remarkable local bulges were formed near the conjunction lines, and overheating was prone to occur at the turning points of the conjunction lines. The present work is helpful to the selection of deposition path for additive manufacturing process.
Effects of aluminum additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of alumina‐forming austenitic stainless steels
Authors: Sun S. , Liu H. , Zhou Z. , Tang R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe mechanical properties, including tensile and impact properties at different testing temperatures of alumina‐forming austenitic steels (25 % nickel, 20 % chromium) with different aluminum contents (0, 2.5 %, 5 % and 8 %) were investigated. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy together with tensile and impact properties tests were conducted. The results showed that the tensile strength of steels at 298 K increased obviously along with aluminum contents increasing, while plasticity decreased at the same, which attributed to the higher volume fraction and number density of spherical NiAl precipitation together with main ferrite in matrix. In addition, spherical NiAl particles dispersed easily in ferrite. In particular, the ultimate tensile strength of the sample with 8 % aluminum could reach 1398 MPa, with the elongation of 14 % at 298 K. However, NiAl precipitations would lose strengthening effects at high temperatures, but the plasticity could be improved. In addition, the sample with 5 % aluminum showed better comprehensive properties by comparison to other samples, and the ultimate tensile strength was 1018 MPa and 491 MPa at 298 K and 973 K with the elongation of 26 % and 43 %, respectively, enabling it to be promising material for industrial application in advanced nuclear systems.
Influence of increased voltage on the nitriding zone during plasma nitriding
Authors: Kipp Christian , Kaestner P. , Bräuer G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlasma nitriding is an established process for increasing the corrosion and wear resistance of steel. However, the possibilities of modern developments in the field of high‐voltage plasma power supplies have been hardly investigated. For example, modern plasma generators allow improved arc management, which enable plasma nitriding at higher voltages.In the present work, the influence of increased voltage (up to 800 V) on the nitriding of a ferritic steel X38CrMoV5‐1 was investigated. It was found that the thickness of the compound layer increases with increasing voltage. Especially at short process times the increased voltage leads to increased growth. An increase in the nitriding depth was also observed.Furthermore, the increased voltage has an effect on the composition of the compound layer too. A moderate increase in ϵ‐nitride in the compound layer was observed.One explanation for the observed behavior is the over proportional increase in power with increasing voltage, indicating an increased ionization rate of the plasma. Due to this, more diffusible species would be available for nitriding.The presented results could be used to reduce process times, particularly where the formation of a compound layer is the aim of the process. An example of such a process is oxy‐nitriding.
Effects of foot orthoses and footwear interventions on impairments and quality of life in people with hip pain: A systematic review
Authors: Kinsella Rita , Nasser Anthony , Menz Hylton B. , Pizzari Tania , Collins Natalie J. , Semciw Adam I. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundFoot orthoses and footwear interventions are advocated for the management of lower limb musculoskeletal conditions including the hip, but much of the research is focused on knee disorders. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the literature that investigates the use of foot orthoses or footwear in people with hip‐related pain.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED and SPORTDiscus were searched from inception to March 2023. Randomised controlled trials (RCT), cohort and pre‐post studies reporting on footwear and foot orthoses interventions, in participants with hip‐related pain, were eligible for inclusion. Outcomes included pain, physical function, and quality of life (QoL). Effect sizes were calculated where sufficient data were available. Reporting quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (Rob‐2) and the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist. The overall quality of evidence was rated according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations framework.ResultsOf the seven included studies (n = 266 participants), there was one RCT, one cohort and five single‐group pre‐post designs. Interventions included customised and non‐customised arch supports, heel lifts, and footwear modifications, used in the following hip conditions: trochanteric pain, non‐specific hip pain, hip osteoarthritis, and leg length dysfunction following total hip arthroplasty. Meta‐analysis was possible for outcomes in two studies, demonstrating moderate improvement in pain following foot orthoses use. Overall certainty of evidence ranged from very low to low.ConclusionSingle‐group pre‐post study designs describe positive relationships between foot orthoses and footwear use and improvements in hip pain, function, and QoL. However, these results were not supported by the only available RCT. Given this is a relatively inexpensive and non‐invasive treatment approach, further rigorous studies are warranted.