bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rock Avalanches in the Tibetan Plateau of China
Authors: Wang Yufeng , Cheng Qiangong , Lin Qiwen , Shi Anwen , Ming Jie , Feng Zhiyi , Song Zhang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChina is a country with high mountainous areas widely distributed, which is characterized by high reliefs, intensive tectonic activity, fragile ecological environments, etc. Under such particular background, rock avalanches, as one of the most threatening geological disasters in the high mountainous regions, have drawn much scientific interest because of their sudden occurrence, huge volumes (>106 m3), high velocities (>20 m/s), and extremely low Fahrböschung (typically 0.1 to 0.3) with destructive disasters caused. Focusing on the Tibetan Plateau of China, spatial distribution of rock avalanches in its certain area was conducted, hoping to provide insights into the controlling factors of rock avalanches’ formation. Furthermore, several typical rock avalanches were investigated in detail based on remote sensing analysis, mapping of fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle and detailed field investigations. It is reached that toreva blocks, transverse and longitudinal ridges, ridges separated by conjugate troughs, and hummocks are common and widely distributed surficial landforms in rock avalanche deposits, which usually display in a clear sequential distribution. In the cross-section, a series of internal sedimentary structures, including jigsaw structures, inner shear zones, diapiric structures, convoluted laminations, faults, etc., were identified. Based on these detailed geological features, the possible emplacement processes and mechanisms are discussed to provide insights into the extremely high mobility of rock avalanches.
Physically-Based Regional Landslide Forecasting Modelling: Model Set-up and Validation
Authors: Tofani Veronica , Masi Elena Benedetta , Rossi Guglielmo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, the HIgh REsolution Slope Stability Simulator (HIRESSS) model was applied to predict the occurrence of shallow landslides on a regional scale. HIRESSS is a physically based distributed slope stability simulator for analyzing the occurrence of shallow landslides during a rainfall event. The modeling software consists of two parts: hydrological and a geotechnical. The hydrological model is based on an analytical solution of an approximated form of the Richards equation, while the geotechnical stability model is based on an infinite slope model that accounts for unsaturated soil conditions. The model was applied in the Aosta Valley region, located in the northwest of the Alpine chain. The Aosta Valley is highly susceptible to landslides, especially shallow, rapid landslides and rockfalls. The geotechnical and hydrological characteristics of the slopes were recorded in two field measurement campaigns at 12 measurement points. To account for the effects of vegetation on landslides the soil reinforcement due to the presence of roots was also taken into account. The model was applied in back analysis for an event that affected the Aosta Valley in 2009, triggering several fast shallow landslides. In this work the model setup and the validation of the model outcomes are described.
Tensor reduction of loop integrals
Authors: Anastasiou Charalampos , Karlen Julia , Vicini Matilde 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The computational cost associated with reducing tensor integrals to scalar integrals using the Passarino-Veltman method is dominated by the diagonalisation of large systems of equations. These systems of equations are sized according to the number of independent tensor elements that can be constructed using the metric and external momenta. In this article, we present a closed-form solution of this diagonalisation problem in arbitrary tensor integrals. We employ a basis of tensors whose building blocks are the external momentum vectors and a metric tensor transverse to the space of external momenta. The scalar integral coefficients of the basis tensors are obtained by mapping the basis elements to the elements of an orthogonal dual basis. This mapping is succinctly expressed through a formula that resembles the ordering of operators in Wick’s theorem.Finally, we provide examples demonstrating the application of our tensor reduction formula to Feynman diagrams in QCD 2 → 2 scattering processes, specifically up to three loops.
The muon parton distribution functions
Authors: Frixione S. , Stagnitto G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We compute the Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) of the unpolarised muon for the leptons, the photon, the light quarks, and the gluon. We discuss in detail the issues stemming from the necessity of evaluating the strong coupling constant at scales of the order of the typical hadron mass, and compare our novel approach with those currently available in the literature. While we restrict our phenomenological results to be leading-logarithmic accurate, we set up our formalism in a way that renders it straightforward to achieve next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy in the QED, QCD, and mixed QED×QCD contributions.
An adjoint-based methodology for calculating manufacturing tolerances for natural laminar flow airfoils susceptible to smooth surface waviness
Authors: Moniripiri Mohammad , Brito Pedro P. C. , Cavalieri André V. G. , Sêcco Ney R. , Hanifi Ardeshir 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An adjoint-based method is presented for determining manufacturing tolerances for aerodynamic surfaces with natural laminar flow subjected to wavy excrescences. The growth of convective unstable disturbances is computed by solving Euler, boundary layer, and parabolized stability equations. The gradient of the kinetic energy of disturbances in the boundary layer (E) with respect to surface grid points is calculated by solving adjoints of the governing equations. The accuracy of approximations of $$\Delta E$$

Δ
E

, using gradients obtained from adjoint, is investigated for several waviness heights. It is also shown how second-order derivatives increase the accuracy of approximations of $$\Delta E$$

Δ
E

when surface deformations are large. Then, for specific flight conditions, using the steepest ascent and the sequential least squares programming methodologies, the waviness profile with minimum $$L2-$$

L
2
-

norm that causes a specific increase in the maximum value of N- factor, $$\Delta N$$

Δ
N

, is found. Finally, numerical tests are performed using the NLF(2)-0415 airfoil to specify tolerance levels for $$\Delta {N}$$

Δ
N

up to 2.0 for different flight conditions. Most simulations are carried out for a Mach number and angle of attack equal to 0.5 and $$1.25^{\circ }$$

1
.

25
∘

, respectively, and with Reynolds numbers between $$9\times 10^6$$

9
×

10
6

and $$15\times 10^6$$

15
×

10
6

and for waviness profiles with different ranges of wavelengths. Finally, some additional studies are presented for different angles of attack and Mach numbers to show their effects on the computed tolerances.

Graphic abstract
Over ten-year follow-up results of a prospective and consecutive series of primary total hip arthroplasty with an original cementless total hip prosthesis
Authors: Schwartz Claude , Bussiere Christophe , Chalencon François , Cladiere Franck , Forgeois Philippe , Fornasieri Christophe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
High survival rates up to ten years have been reported for non-cemented hip replacements. Publications beyond ten years have more diverse conclusions. To study the long-term survival of uncemented total hip replacement (THR), we examined a series of 125 THR, all with a minimum follow-up of ten years.

Methods
This is a prospective study of 203 patients operated for coxarthrosis between 2007 and 2011, by six senior surgeons. The original ellipsoidal stem and the impacted acetabulum were systematically cementless; the acetabulum had either a fixed ceramic or polyethylene insert, or a dual-mobility insert. At the date of the follow-up check, 44 patients were deceased and 34 patients were lost to follow-up. This left 125 complete files for our study.

Results
They were a revision of the cup in four cases and a revision of the femoral stem in three cases (3.4%). The Kaplan–Meier cumulative survival rate of the THR, by considering revision for any reason as endpoint, at ten years (120 months) is estimated at 96.6% (CI 92.7–98.7). Radiologically, on 86 analyses (68.8%) at ten years and more reported, no significant evolution of the appearance of the cancellous bone around the acetabular cup was noted, nor any ossification. Some periprosthetic osteogenesis reactions were noted around the 1/3 distal but no periprosthetic edging.

Conclusion
In this minimum ten-year follow-up study, a cementless THR with a straight ellipsoidal cementless stem and a press-fit cup provides excellent implant survival and high patient satisfaction. (Clinically felt minimal difference.)
Ein offenes transtheoretisches Therapie- und Trainingsmodell (4TM)
Authors: Lutz Wolfgang , Schwartz Brian , Deisenhofer Anne-Kathrina , Hehlmann Miriam I. , Eberhardt Steffen T. , Bommer Jana , Vehlen Antonia , Edelbluth Susanne , Poster Kaitlyn , Moggia Danilo , Weinmann-Lutz Birgit , Rubel Julian A. , Schaffrath Jana 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundIn diesem Beitrag werden die konzeptionellen Grundlagen sowie die klinischen Implikationen eines forschungsbasiertentranstheoretischenTherapie- undTrainingsmodells (4TM) vorgestellt; dieses kann das Fundament für eine zukünftige evidenzbasierte und personalisierte Psychotherapiepraxis sowie Aus- und Weiterbildung in der Psychotherapie darstellen.Ziel der ArbeitAbleitung und Darstellung eines wissenschaftlich basierten, offenen transtheoretischen Rahmenmodells für die Psychotherapiepraxis sowie Aus- und Weiterbildung in der Psychotherapie.MethodeDas Modell versucht, Erkenntnisse aus der Psychotherapieforschung zu differenziellen Behandlungsergebnissen, der Feedback-Forschung, der Forschung zu Therapeutenunterschieden sowie der Forschung zu Veränderungsprozessen und modernen technischen Entwicklungen in ein offenes konzeptionelles Rahmenmodell für die klinische Praxis und Ausbildung zusammenzuführen.ErgebnisseDas Modell basiert auf Interventionen, die bei Patient:innen Veränderungsprozesse auf Verhaltens-, kognitiver, emotionaler, motivationsbezogener, zwischenmenschlicher und systemischer/soziokultureller Ebene auslösen. Das 4TM umfasst außerdem ein datenbasiertes Entscheidungs- und Rückmeldesystem namens Trier Therapie Navigator (TTN).DiskussionEs werden wichtige Probleme einer rein schulenbasierten Ausrichtung der Psychotherapie in Deutschland diskutiert und diese dem offenen Rahmen eines forschungs-, rückmeldungs- und prozessorientierten Konzepts als Leitfaden für transtheoretische Interventionen gegenübergestellt. Dieses Konzept kann eine Orientierung für eine wissenschaftsbasierte Psychotherapie, unter Berücksichtigung traditioneller sowie neuer klinischer Entwicklungen und Erkenntnisse aus der Psychotherapieforschung, bieten. Es kann sowohl an unterschiedliche Patientenpopulationen als auch kultursensitiv angepasst werden.
Sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep disturbances among hospital night workers: a prospective cohort study
Authors: van Elk Fleur , Loef Bette , Proper Karin I. , Burdorf Alex , Robroek Suzan J. W. , Oude Hengel Karen M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess among hospital night workers (i) to what extent sleep quality, sleep duration and sleep disturbances overlap, and (ii) associations between sociodemographic factors, lifestyle factors and work characteristics and sleep components.

Methods
Data were used from 467 hospital night workers participating in the Klokwerk + study, a prospective cohort study with two measurements. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, sleep duration and sleep disturbances were measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale. The overlap between the three sleep measures was visualized with a Venn diagram and the proportions of overlap was calculated. Associations between independent variables (sociodemographic factors, lifestyle factors and work characteristics) and the three sleep outcomes were estimated using between–within Poisson regression models.

Results
About 50% of the hospital night workers had at least one poor sleep outcome. Overlap in poor sleep outcomes was apparent for 36.8% of these workers, while the majority had a poor outcome in one of the sleep components only (63.1%). Former smoking had a significant association with poor sleep quality. For most independent variables no associations with poor sleep outcomes were observed.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that sleep quality, sleep duration and sleep disturbances are separate entities and should be studied separately. Lifestyle factors and work characteristics were generally not associated with poor sleep. Since these factors can have an acute effect on sleep, future research should consider ecological momentary assessment to examine how exposure and outcomes (co)vary within-persons, over time, and across contexts.
Trial registration Netherlands Trial Register trial number NL56022.041.16.
Process and Implementation Elements of Measurement Feedback Systems: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rognstad Kristian , Engell Thomas , Fjermestad Krister , Wentzel-Larsen Tore , Kjøbli John 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMeasurement feedback systems (MFS) can help guide treatment and improve clinical outcomes. Studies of MFS are heterogeneous both in execution and results, and the effects of MFS seem restricted by limited attention to process and implementation elements and by limited adoption by health professionals. The current systematic review mapped the use of process and implementation elements in MFS studies. An overview of therapists’ use of and attitudes toward MFS is provided. Three-level meta-analyses were used to test theoretically informed process and implementation elements as moderators of the effects of MFS. Hypotheses and general propositions from Clinical Performance Feedback Intervention Theory (CP-FIT) were used to organize the elements of the studies and were used as moderator variables. Previous studies on MFS interventions have had a limited focus on implementation efforts and process elements that may increase the effects of MFS and their use among therapists. Efforts have sparsely been made to reduce barriers to MFS use, and several studies have reported limited engagement with MFS among therapists. Therapists’ attitudes toward MFS, feedback, or standardized measures were heterogeneously reported, making data synthesis challenging. Identified process and implementation elements were not significantly associated with effect sizes in the studies and the results did not support the propositions of CP-FIT. The lack of statistically significant associations may be due to limited reporting of details about process and implementation aspects. More research designed to test hypotheses regarding process and implementation elements is needed to improve the use and effects of MFS. Future studies should aspire to report findings in a manner that allows for an understanding of the implementation process and therapists’ adoption of these systems.
Scalable enforcement of geometric non-interference constraints for gradient-based optimization
Authors: Dunn Ryan C. , Joshy Anugrah Jo , Lin Jui-Te , Girerd Cédric , Morimoto Tania K. , Hwang John T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMany design optimization problems include constraints to prevent intersection of the geometric shape being optimized with other objects or with domain boundaries. When applying gradient-based optimization to such problems, the constraint function must provide an accurate representation of the domain boundary and be smooth, amenable to numerical differentiation, and fast-to-evaluate for a large number of points. We propose the use of tensor-product B-splines to construct an efficient-to-evaluate level set function that locally approximates the signed distance function for representing geometric non-interference constraints. Adapting ideas from the surface reconstruction methods, we formulate an energy minimization problem to compute the B-spline control points that define the level set function given an oriented point cloud sampled over a geometric shape. Unlike previous explicit non-interference constraint formulations, our method requires an initial setup operation, but results in a more efficient-to-evaluate and scalable representation of geometric non-interference constraints. This paper presents the results of accuracy and scaling studies performed on our formulation. We demonstrate our method by solving a medical robot design optimization problem with non-interference constraints. We achieve constraint evaluation times on the order of $$10^{-6}$$

10

-
6

seconds per point on a modern desktop workstation, and a maximum on-surface error of less than 1.0% of the minimum bounding box diagonal for all examples studied. Overall, our method provides an effective formulation for non-interference constraint enforcement with high computational efficiency for gradient-based design optimization problems whose solutions require at least hundreds of evaluations of constraints and their derivatives.
Nanoscale Refractive Index Sensor Based on an MIM Waveguide Coupled to U-Shaped Ring Resonator with Three Stubs for Alcohol Solution Concentration Detection
Authors: Cao Yuhao , Yan Shubin , Liu Feng , Wang Jin , Chang Shuwen , Liu Guang , Zhang Wei , Wu Taiquan , Ren Yifeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a nano refractive index sensor consisting of a metal–insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide and a U-shaped ring resonator with three stubs (URRS) resonator is proposed. The transmittance performance of the sensor was theoretically analyzed using the finite element method (FEM). The effects of refractive index and different structural geometrical parameters on the sensor performance were evaluated. The optimal sensitivity of the designed refractive index sensor structure is 2900 nm/RIU, and the figure of merit (FOM) is 55.76. The suggested sensor shows promising potential for utilization in the study of alcohol solution concentration detection. In addition, we applied this sensor structure in the field of alcohol solution concentration detection, and its test results were good with a sensitivity up to 112.
Investigating the relationship between self-regulated learning, metacognition, and executive functions by focusing on academic transition phases: a systematic review
Authors: Dörrenbächer-Ulrich Laura , Dilhuit Sabrina , Perels Franziska 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe importance of self-regulated learning (SRL) for academic learning and achievement is already well established. In terms of developing a comprehensive understanding of SRL, executive functions (EFs), which are seen as an important influential factor for learning and goal-oriented behavior, should be taken into consideration. Some authors have linked SRL and EF via metacognition (MC), which forms a fundamental component of SRL, and like EF, represents higher-level cognitive processes. Therefore, this systematic review searched education and psychology databases to determine the natural development and current state of research on the three constructs. Academic transitional periods were brought into focus because of their influence on learners’ well-being and academic achievement. An evaluation of 30 publications indicated that strong development of simple EFs occurs before the transition from preschool to primary school. Moreover, there is a decrease in the motivational component of SRL and the use of metacognitive SRL strategies during the transition from primary to secondary education but an increase in metacognitive awareness. Simple as well as complex EFs also increase during this transition, with a later developmental peak for complex EF. The transition from secondary to tertiary education is accompanied by positive developments in the cognitive and metacognitive components of SRL, with small increases for simple EFs, and larger increases for complex EFs. In conclusion, the findings suggest there is an early developmental maximum for EFs compared to SRL and MC, which supports the theory that EFs are the foundation for SRL and MC.
What do their footprints tell us? Many questions and some answers about the life of non-avian dinosaurs
Authors: Díaz-Martínez Ignacio , Citton Paolo , Castanera Diego 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDinosaur tracks are considerably common in the fossil record and were described from many areas in the world. They provide a live picture of dinosaur behaviour and offer valuable data about different aspects of the trackmaker paleobiology. The dinosaur ichnological record allows gain information about autopod anatomy, functional adaptations, stance and gaits with which dinosaurs moved. This information, which is often difficult to obtain from the body-fossil record alone, allows making inferences not only concerning the single individuals who produced the footprints, but also within an evolutionary context. Footprints provide also evidences about the abilities that dinosaurs had to swim, run or live with certain pathologies. They also allowed inferring how they move in herds or even made courtship rituals. The study of tracks also enables the reconstruction of paleocommunities including predator–prey interaction. On the other hand, footprints are useful paleoenvironmental indicators, informing about moisture content, bathymetry, paleocurrents, subaqueous substrates, zonations in lacustrine margins, etc. In addition, it has been proposed that dinosaur track assemblages can be related to certain facies (ichnofacies), in order to refine paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Dinosaur tracks can sometimes be in the shadow with respect to the skeletal record. However, the data obtained from the ichnological record complements and completes the knowledge we have about the life of dinosaurs, even showing previously unknown aspects. This work is an overview of the information we can obtain from the study of non-avian dinosaur footprints, trying to answer some questions about their life.
THE INFLUENCE OF PLANT SPECIES AND PRETREATMENT ON THE 14C AGE OF CAREX-DOMINATED PEAT PLANTS OF A PEAT CORE FROM JINCHUAN MIRE, NE CHINA
Authors: Misra Satabdi , Kashyap Sneha , Chou Chun-Yen , Chang Tingyi , Li Hong-Chun , Ning Xiaoyan , Sun Jing-Jing , Wang Jie , Zhao Meixun 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThe comparisons among 126 14C dates of Carex samples including separated leaf and root parts with acid (A)-treatment and acid-base-acid (ABA)-treatment, and 48 published 14C dates of bulk peat plants on a 92-cm core from Jinchuan Mire in NE China, indicate old carbon influence (OCI) on the 14C dates. The OCI varies with plant species, pretreatment and peat depth. In vascular peat plants such as Carex, humin fractions (remains after ABA treatment) and humic acids are representative of the original plant precursor, while fulvic acids are regarded as the secondary mobile product which should be removed for 14C dating. ABA- treatment removes both fulvic acids and humic acids, whereas A-treatment gets rid of only fulvic acids. Carex roots uptake more dissolved CO2 in peat water. Carex leaves may use more CO2 (involving degassing CO2) above the peat surface. By removing humic acids throughout ABA treatment, the OCI may vary differently over depth (time). ABA treatment cannot eliminate the fixed OCI in humin fractions of vascular peat plants, instead, this treatment may enhance OCI by removing humic acid which may represent the true age of the plants. In addition, Bacon model results on this core could not show rapid changes in accumulation rate.