bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Roadmap for unconventional computing with nanotechnology
Authors: Finocchio Giovanni , Incorvia Jean Anne C , Friedman Joseph S , Yang Qu , Giordano Anna , Grollier Julie , Yang Hyunsoo , Ciubotaru Florin , Chumak Andrii V , Naeemi Azad J , Cotofana Sorin D , Tomasello Riccardo , Panagopoulos Christos , Carpentieri Mario , Lin Peng , Pan Gang , Yang J Joshua , Todri-Sanial Aida , Boschetto Gabriele , Makasheva Kremena , Sangwan Vinod K , Trivedi Amit Ranjan , Hersam Mark C , Camsari Kerem Y , McMahon Peter L , Datta Supriyo , Koiller Belita , Aguilar Gabriel H , Temporão Guilherme P , Rodrigues Davi R , Sunada Satoshi , Everschor-Sitte Karin , Tatsumura Kosuke , Goto Hayato , Puliafito Vito , Åkerman Johan , Takesue Hiroki , Ventra Massimiliano Di , Pershin Yuriy V , Mukhopadhyay Saibal , Roy Kaushik , Ting Wang I- , Kang Wang , Zhu Yao , Kaushik Brajesh Kumar , Hasler Jennifer , Ganguly Samiran , Ghosh Avik W , Levy William , Roychowdhury Vwani , Bandyopadhyay Supriyo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the ‘Beyond Moore’s Law’ era, with increasing edge intelligence, domain-specific computing embracing unconventional approaches will become increasingly prevalent. At the same time, adopting a variety of nanotechnologies will offer benefits in energy cost, computational speed, reduced footprint, cyber resilience, and processing power. The time is ripe for a roadmap for unconventional computing with nanotechnologies to guide future research, and this collection aims to fill that need. The authors provide a comprehensive roadmap for neuromorphic computing using electron spins, memristive devices, two-dimensional nanomaterials, nanomagnets, and various dynamical systems. They also address other paradigms such as Ising machines, Bayesian inference engines, probabilistic computing with p-bits, processing in memory, quantum memories and algorithms, computing with skyrmions and spin waves, and brain-inspired computing for incremental learning and problem-solving in severely resource-constrained environments. These approaches have advantages over traditional Boolean computing based on von Neumann architecture. As the computational requirements for artificial intelligence grow 50 times faster than Moore’s Law for electronics, more unconventional approaches to computing and signal processing will appear on the horizon, and this roadmap will help identify future needs and challenges. In a very fertile field, experts in the field aim to present some of the dominant and most promising technologies for unconventional computing that will be around for some time to come. Within a holistic approach, the goal is to provide pathways for solidifying the field and guiding future impactful discoveries.
Where will the next oil spill incident in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria occur?
Authors: Wekpe Vremudia Onyeayana , Whitworth Malcolm , Baily Brian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Oil spill incidents are almost a daily occurrence within the Niger Delta region of Nigeria with far-reaching environmental, economic and social consequences. This study aimed at understanding the spatial and temporal context of the problem as a panacea for forecasting likely locations of oil spill incidents within the region. About 76.77% of crude oil spilt in the Niger Delta is lost to the environment with only about 23% of the crude oil recovered from the environment. This represents a very worrying statistic in terms of the known and unknown negative impacts of oil spills. Space Time Pattern Mining (STPM) tools were adapted to explore and interrogate historical spill data. Time series forecasting was then used for forecasting possible locations of future oil spills within the region. Results show that there is a pattern of oil spill occurrences in the Niger Delta with statistically significant hotspots identified in Rivers State, Bayelsa State and Delta State. The forecast root mean square error (RMSE) and forecast validation RMSE are −1.016328 and 1.035992 respectively. This suggests an ability of the model to fairly predict likely locations of future oil spills. This was further verified by counting the number of spills that occur within any area based on the predicted likelihood of spill occurrence. This study has shown that STPM tools can be deployed to understand the occurrence and prediction of oil spill incidents. This will ultimately aid in the deployment of scarce management resources to where they are most needed.
Physical compatibility of colistin with analgesics during simulated Y-site administration
Authors: Dettlaff Katarzyna , Kowalska Aleksandra , Gostyńska Aleksandra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Special consideration is needed when intravenous drugs are administered simultaneously using a Y-site connector. This study aimed to investigate the physical compatibility of colistin with 6 analgesics at concentrations commonly used in clinical practice.

Methods
A pharmaceutical preparation of colistin was dissolved according to the manufacturer’s instructions and diluted to a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL or 0.67 mg/mL (of colistin base). Simulated administration via Y-site infusion set was performed by mixing 5 mL of colistin solution with an equal volume of a solution of one of 6 intravenous analgesics. Infusion solutions of ibuprofen, ketoprofen, metamizole sodium, morphine sulfate, paracetamol, and tramadol hydrochloride were studied. For each analgesic tested, concentrates for injection were diluted with 2 solvents, resulting in 11 different combinations with each concentration of the colistin solution. The mixtures were visually inspected, and their turbidity was measured directly after mixing and at 3 consecutive time points (30, 60, and 120 minutes). Additionally, the pH of the mixtures was measured after 120 minutes and compared with the pH of the analgesic and the colistin solutions.

Results
During visual inspection with the unaided eye, no precipitate formation or gas evolution was observed in any of the tested analgesics except for sodium metamizole, where the yellow color of the solutions was observed. For samples containing the mixture of ibuprofen and colistin, the turbidity measurements revealed the presence of turbidity in the studied mixtures. The greatest change in pH relative to the value immediately after preparation was noted for combinations of ketoprofen and morphine sulfate with the tested antibiotic.

Conclusion
Colistin was found to be incompatible with ibuprofen and metamizole sodium formulations. It should also not be combined with morphine sulfate due to the significant differences in the pH value of the preparations. The colistin 0.67 mg/mL and 1.5 mg/mL infusion solutions were physically compatible with ketoprofen, tramadol hydrochloride, and paracetamol.
Peacekeeping, policing and politics: assembling the Ghana Armed Forces
Authors: Albrecht Peter , Edu-Afful Fiifi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
While much of the peacekeeping literature fixates on mission deployments, associated challenges and the escalating violent contexts they navigate, this article underscores the transformative reverberations of peacekeeping on troop-contributing countries. Drawing from the Ghana Armed Forces (GAF) case, our main focus is to elucidate how international peacekeeping shapes domestic security procedures, but we also point out that they are reciprocally influenced by them. Central to our analysis is the concept of ‘peacekeeping assemblage’ that we introduce to highlight the symbiotic relationship between the GAF's domestic security roles and its international peacekeeping engagements. Through this lens, we trace the cyclical flow of practices, discourses and experiences as they disassemble and reassemble in varied configurations, emphasizing the fluidity of peacekeeping influences across global landscapes. As discussions on peacekeeping evolve, it becomes paramount to grasp its broader implications—particularly its transformative impact on the personnel from troop-contributing nations and their home societies. This enriched perspective not only deepens our comprehension of the multifaceted nature and global reach of peacekeeping, it also provides policy-makers with insights into the broader ramifications of deployments, especially for those nations from the global South that bear the weight of these missions.
HIV Immunocapture Reveals Particles Expressed in Semen Under Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor-Based Therapy Are Largely Myeloid Cell-Derived and Disparate
Authors: Johnson Jeffrey A , Li Jin-fen , Politch Joseph A , Lipscomb Jonathan T , Tino Ariana Santos , DeFelice Jason , Gelman Marcy , Anderson Deborah J , Mayer Kenneth H 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
As use of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) increases and formulations are being developed for maintenance therapies and chemoprophylaxis, assessing virus suppression under INSTI-based regimens in prevention-relevant biologic compartments, such as the male genital tract, is timely. We used cell-source marker virion immunocapture to examine amplification of particle RNA then assessed the phylogenetic relatedness of seminal and blood viral sequences from men with HIV who were prescribed INSTI-based regimens. Seminal plasma immunocaptures yielded amplifiable virion RNA from 13 of 24 (54%) men, and the sequences were primarily associated with markers indicative of macrophage and resident dendritic cell sources. Genetic distances were greatest (&gt;2%) between seminal virions and circulating proviruses, pointing to ongoing low-level expression from tissue-resident cells. While the low levels in semen predict an improbable likelihood of transmission, viruses with large genetic distances are expressed under potent INSTI therapy and have implications for determining epidemiologic linkages if adherence is suboptimal.
Extracellular polymeric substances in electroactive biofilms play a crucial role in improving the efficiency of microbial fuel and electrolysis cells
Authors: Catal Tunc , Liu Hong , Kilinc Burak , Yilancioglu Kaan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In microbial electrochemical cells (MECs), electroactive microbial biofilms can transmit electrons from organic molecules to anodes. To further understand the production of anodic biofilms, it is essential to investigate the composition and distribution of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the MECs. In this study, the structure of EPS was examined in microbial electrolysis cells from mixed cultures forming biofilm using carbon fiber fabric anode. EPS was extracted from the anode biofilm of microbial electrolysis cells inoculated with mixed microbial culture. The anode biofilm yielded 0.4 mg of EPS, of which 51.2% was humic substance, 16.2% was protein, 12.6% was carbohydrates, and 20% consisted of undetermined substances. Using epifluorescence microscopy, the composition of bacterial cells and their location inside EPS were studied, and the distribution of microbial communities was compared based on current density results in the presence of various carbohydrates. On the electrode surface, bacteria and EPS gathered or overlapped in various locations can affect microbial electrochemical performance. Our findings showed that EPS formation in electroactive biofilms would be important for enhanced efficiency of electricity- or hydrogen-producing microbial electrolysis cells.
Constraining the interaction history of Arp 269 using stellar population synthesis modelling
Authors: Mandal Suvadip , Kerton C R 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
We present stellar population synthesis modelling of the nearby interacting galaxy system NGC 4485/90 or Arp 269 using Code Investigating GALaxy Emission. Model results are used to constrain its interaction history and to examine the origin of structures within the system. We have used multiwavelength observations ranging from far-ultraviolet to radio wavelengths to create, model, and fit spectral energy distributions and obtain physical properties of different regions. Our analysis reveals a young and an underlying much older stellar population in both NGC 4485 and 4490. We find the bridge connecting the two galaxies to be formed quite recently, after the second perigalactic encounter between the two. Our analysis shows that the previously identified faint stellar extension associated with NGC 4490 was also formed after the second encounter, which agrees with previous N-body and test-particle simulations. Additionally, we investigate the H i gas distribution in NGC 4485 and find that a mass of H i gas comparable to a dwarf galaxy has been relocated to the south-west part of NGC 4485. This is consistent with the scenario in which the interstellar medium of NGC 4485 is being removed via ram pressure stripping.
Hydrodynamic models of pulsation period evolution in R Hydrae
Authors: Fadeyev Yuri A 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Pulsation period evolution during the helium–shell flash in the Mira variable R Hya is investigated using consistent stellar evolution and non-linear stellar pulsation computations. The initial and time-dependent inner boundary conditions for the equations of radiation hydrodynamics describing non-linear stellar oscillations were determined using a grid of TP–AGB model sequences with initial masses on the main sequence 1.5M⊙ ≤ MZAMS ≤ 5.0M⊙ and the initial metallicity Z = 0.014. The setup of initial conditions for hydrodynamic models corresponds to ≈100 yr prior to the maximum of the helium–shell luminosity and ensures that the stellar envelope of the evolution model is under both hydrostatic and thermal equilibrium. Solution of the equations of hydrodynamics allowed us to determine the temporal variation of the pulsation period Π(t) during ≈500 yr. Within this time interval R Hya is a fundamental mode pulsator. The period temporal dependencies Π(t) calculated for the AGB star models at the beginning of the third dredge-up phase and with masses $4.4M_{\odot }\lessapprox M\lessapprox 4.5M_{\odot }$ are in agreement with observational estimates of the period of R Hya obtained during last two centuries. The mean radius of R Hya pulsation models at the end of the XX century ($470 R_{\odot }\lessapprox \bar{R}\lessapprox 490 R_{\odot }$) agrees with observational estimates obtained using the interferometric angular diameter measurements.
Constraining cosmic reionization by combining the kinetic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich and the 21 cm power spectra
Authors: Georgiev Ivelin , Gorce Adélie , Mellema Garrelt 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
During the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), the ultraviolet radiation from the first stars and galaxies ionized the neutral hydrogen of the intergalactic medium, which can emit radiation through its 21 cm hyperfine transition. Measuring the 21 cm power spectrum is a key science goal for the future Square Kilometre Array (SKA); however, observing and interpreting it is a challenging task. Another high-potential probe of the EoR is the patchy kinetic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (pkSZ) effect, observed as a foreground to the cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies on small scales. Despite recent promising measurements, placing constraints on reionization from pkSZ observations is a non-trivial task, subject to strong model dependence. We propose to alleviate the difficulties in observing and interpreting the 21 cm and pkSZ power spectra by combining them. With a simple yet effective parametric model that establishes a formal connection between them, we can jointly fit mock 21 cm and pkSZ data points. We confirm that these observables provide complementary information on reionization, leading to significantly improved constraints when combined. We demonstrate that with as few as two measurements of the 21 cm power spectrum with 100 h of observations with the SKA, as well as a single ℓ = 3000 pkSZ data point, we can reconstruct the reionization history of the universe and its morphology. We find that the reionization history (morphology) is better constrained with two 21 cm measurements at different redshifts (scales). Therefore, a combined analysis of the two probes will give access to tighter constraints on cosmic reionization even in the early stages of 21 cm detections.
Validation of the Oswestry Disability Index in Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Jalali Omid , Smith Justin S. , Bess Shay , Hostin Richard , Lafage Renaud , Lafage Virginie , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Ames Christopher P. , Lenke Lawrence G. , Kelly Michael P. ,   on behalf of the International Spine Study Group
Published: February 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort

Objective.
To examine the validity of the ODI in ASD patients treated with surgery.

Summary of Background Data.
The ODI is a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) of low back pain and disability. While nearly ubiquitous in adult spinal deformity (ASD) research, the measure has not been validated in this patient population.

Methods.
A registry of ASD patients was queried for baseline and 1-year PROM data, including the ODI, the SRS-22r, and the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System – Pain Interference (PI), and -Physical Function(PF) computer adaptive tests (CAT). Internal reliability was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha, where values≥0.7 are considered reliable. Validity was assessed with Spearman correlation coefficients calculated for the ODI against validated PROMIS-Pain Interference and -Physical Function and legacy measures SRS-Pain, SRS-Activity. Responsiveness to change was measured with the adjusted effect size (aES).

Results.
325 patients were enrolled, with 208 completing baseline and one-year PROMs. The majority (149, 72%) were female and white (193, 93%), median Charlson Comorbidity Index 0 (IQR 0-2). The majority of cases included sagittal plane deformity (mean T1PA 24.2° (13.9). Cronbach’s alpha showed excellent internal reliability (Baseline=0.89, 1yr=0.90). ODI was valid, with strong correlations between PROMIS-PI, -PF, SRS-Pain, and SRS-Activity at baseline and one-year follow-up. All measures were responsive to change, with the ODI showing greater responsiveness than PROMIS-PI, PROMIS-PF and SRS-Activity.

Conclusions.
The ODI is a valid measure of disability as measured by pain and function in patients with ASD. It is responsive to change in a manner not different from validated PROMIS-CAT or the SRS-22r legacy measure. It is multidimensional, however, as it assesses both pain and function simultaneously. It does not measure disability related to Self-Image and may not account for all disease-related disability in ASD patients.
Therapeutic restoration of miR-126-3p as a multi-targeted strategy to modulate the liver tumor microenvironment
Authors: Gondaliya Piyush , Driscoll Julia , Yan Irene K. , Ali Sayyed Adil , Patel Tushar 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Impaired natural killer (NK) cell-mediated antitumor responses contribute to the growth of liver tumors. Expression of a disintegrin and metalloprotease 9 (ADAM9) increases shedding of membrane-bound major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related protein A and results in evasion from NK cell-mediated cytolysis. ADAM9 is also involved in angiogenesis and tumor progression and is a target of miR-126-3p, a tumor suppressor that is downregulated and alters tumor cell behavior in the liver and other cancers. We evaluated the restoration of miR-126-3p and modulation of the miR-126-3p/ADAM9 axis as a therapeutic approach to simultaneously enhance NK cell-mediated cytolysis while targeting both tumor cells and their microenvironment.

Methods:
Precursor miRNAs were loaded into milk-derived nanovesicles to generate therapeutic vesicles (therapeutic milk-derived nanovesicles) for the restoration of functional miR-126-3p in recipient cancer cells.

Results:
Administration of therapeutic milk-derived nanovesicles increased miR-126-3p expression and reduced ADAM9 expression in target cells and was associated with an increase in membrane-bound major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related protein A. This enhanced NK cell cytolysis in adherent tumor cells and in multicellular tumor spheroids while also impairing angiogenesis and modulating macrophage chemotaxis. Moreover, IV administration of therapeutic milk-derived nanovesicles with adoptive transfer of NK cells reduced tumor burden in orthotopic hepatocellular cancer xenografts in mice.

Conclusion:
A directed RNA therapeutic approach can mitigate NK cell immune evasion, reduce angiogenesis, and alter the tumor cell phenotype through the restoration of miR-126-3p in liver tumor cells. The pleiotropic effects elicited by this multi-targeted approach to modulate the local tumor microenvironment support its use for the treatment of liver cancer.
Late Neonatal Sepsis in Very-low-birth-weight Premature Newborns Is Associated With Alterations in Neurodevelopment at Twenty-five Months of Age
Authors: Uberos Jose , Nieto-Ruiz Ana , Contreras Chova Francisco , Carrasco-Solis Marta , Ruiz-López Aida , Fernandez-Marín Elisabeth , Laynez-Rubio Carolina , Campos-Martinez Ana 
Published: February 2024

Aim:
To evaluate the impact of late-onset sepsis (LOS) on the neurodevelopment of very-low–birth-weight (VLBW) premature infants.

Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study of VLBW premature infants. The Mental Development Index (MDI) was determined for a population of 546 VLBW infants, at 14 and 25 months of age, and evaluated using the Bayley test. A history of meningitis or early neonatal sepsis was considered an exclusion criterion. The study parameters analyzed included perinatal variables, the development of neonatal comorbidities and a history of LOS. Multivariate linear regression and multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results:
LOS was observed in 115 newborns, among whom microbiological testing showed that 65.0% presented Gram-positive bacteria, with Staphylococcus epidermidis being responsible for 55.4%. There was a significant association between the 25-month MDI and a history of LOS. This represents a decrease of 7.9 points in the MDI evaluation of newborns with a history of LOS. The latter history is also associated with the following neurodevelopmental alternations: mild motor disorders [odds ratio (OR): 2.75; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.07–7.05], moderate cognitive delay (OR: 3.07; 95% CI: 1.17–8.00) and cerebral palsy (OR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.09–5.35).

Conclusions:
In our study cohort, LOS was associated with alterations in neurodevelopment, including reduced MDI, together with motor and cognitive disorders and cerebral palsy. To improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in this group of newborns, neonatal intensive care unit personnel should focus attention on preventing hospital-acquired infections.