bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADAMTS12 is a stromal modulator in chronic liver disease
Authors: Dekky Bassil , Azar Fida , Bonnier Dominique , Monseur Christine , Kalebić Chiara , Arpigny Esther , Colige Alain , Legagneux Vincent , Théret Nathalie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAdamalysins, a family of metalloproteinases containing a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) and ADAM with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs), belong to the matrisome and play important roles in various biological and pathological processes, such as development, immunity and cancer. Using a liver cancer dataset from the International Cancer Genome Consortium, we developed an extensive in silico screening that identified a cluster of adamalysins co‐expressed in livers from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Within this cluster, ADAMTS12 expression was highly associated with recurrence risk and poorly differentiated HCC signatures. We showed that ADAMTS12 was expressed in the stromal cells of the tumor and adjacent fibrotic tissues of HCC patients, and more specifically in activated stellate cells. Using a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride‐induced liver injury, we showed that Adamts12 was strongly and transiently expressed after a 24 h acute treatment, and that fibrosis was exacerbated in Adamts12‐null mice submitted to carbon tetrachloride‐induced chronic liver injury. Using the HSC‐derived LX‐2 cell line, we showed that silencing of ADAMTS12 resulted in profound changes of the gene expression program. In particular, genes previously reported to be induced upon HSC activation, such as PAI‐1, were mostly down‐regulated following ADAMTS12 knock‐down. The phenotype of these cells was changed to a less differentiated state, showing an altered actin network and decreased nuclear spreading. These phenotypic changes, together with the down‐regulation of PAI‐1, were offset by TGF‐β treatment. The present study thus identifies ADAMTS12 as a modulator of HSC differentiation, and a new player in chronic liver disease.
MAP‐2:CD55 chimeric construct effectively modulates complement activation
Authors: González‐del‐Barrio Lydia , Pérez‐Alós Laura , Cyranka Leon , Rosbjerg Anne , Nagy Simon , Prohászka Zoltán , Garred Peter , Bayarri‐Olmos Rafael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe complement system is a complex, tightly regulated protein cascade involved in pathogen defense and the pathogenesis of several diseases. Thus, the development of complement modulators has risen as a potential treatment for complement‐driven inflammatory pathologies. The enzymatically inactive MAP‐2 has been reported to inhibit the lectin pathway by competing with its homologous serine protease MASP‐2. The membrane‐bound complement inhibitor CD55 acts on the C3/C5 convertase level. Here, we fused MAP‐2 to the four N‐terminal domains of CD55 generating a targeted chimeric inhibitor to modulate complement activation at two different levels of the complement cascade. Its biological properties were compared in vitro with the parent molecules. While MAP‐2 and CD55 alone showed a minor inhibition of the three complement pathways when co‐incubated with serum (IC50MAP‐2+CD551‐4 = 60.98, 36.10, and 97.01 nM on the classical, lectin, and alternative pathways, respectively), MAP‐2:CD551‐4 demonstrated a potent inhibitory activity (IC50MAP‐2:CD551‐4 = 2.94, 1.76, and 12.86 nM, respectively). This inhibitory activity was substantially enhanced when pre‐complexes were formed with the lectin pathway recognition molecule mannose‐binding lectin (IC50MAP‐2:CD551‐4 = 0.14 nM). MAP‐2:CD551‐4 was also effective at protecting sensitized sheep erythrocytes in a classical hemolytic assay (CH50 = 13.35 nM). Finally, the chimeric inhibitor reduced neutrophil activation in full blood after stimulation with Aspergillus fumigatus conidia, as well as phagocytosis of conidia by isolated activated neutrophils. Our results demonstrate that MAP‐2:CD551‐4 is a potent complement inhibitor reinforcing the idea that engineered fusion proteins are a promising design strategy for identifying and developing drug candidates to treat complement‐mediated diseases.
Hyperoside alleviates photoreceptor degeneration by preventing cell senescence through AMPK‐ULK1 signaling
Authors: Liang Jia , Yao Fei , Fang Dong , Chen Lu , Zou Zhenhua , Feng Lujia , Zhuang Yijing , Xie Ting , Wei Pengxue , Li Pengfeng , Zhang Shaochong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVision loss and blindness are frequently caused by photoreceptor degeneration, for example in age‐related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. However, there is no effective medicine to treat these photoreceptor degeneration‐related diseases. Cell senescence is a common phenotype in many diseases; however, few studies have reported whether it occurs in photoreceptor degeneration diseases. Herein, we identified that cell senescence is associated with photoreceptor degeneration induced by N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea (MNU, a commonly used photoreceptor degeneration model), presented as increased senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase activity, DNA damage, oxidative stress and inflammation‐related cytokine Interleukin 6 (IL6), and upregulation of cyclin p21 or p16. These results suggested that visual function might be protected using anti‐aging treatment. Furthermore, Hyperoside is reported to help prevent aging in various organs. In this study, we showed that Hyperoside, delivered intravitreally, alleviated photoreceptor cell senescence and ameliorated the functional and morphological degeneration of the retina in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, Hyperoside attenuated the MNU‐induced injury and aging of photoreceptors via AMPK‐ULK1 signaling inhibition. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Hyperoside can prevent MNU‐induced photoreceptor degeneration by inhibiting cell senescence via the AMPK‐ULK1 pathway.
Single‐cell transcriptome analysis of the germ cells and somatic cells during mitotic quiescence stage in goats
Authors: Chen Min , Wang Nan , Yang Hang , Liu Dongjun , Gao Yuan , Duo Lei , Cui Xiuhong , Hao Fei , Ye Jing , Gao Fei , Tu Qiang , Gui Yaoting 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe mitotic quiescence of prospermatogonia is the event known to occur during genesis of the male germline and is tied to the development of the spermatogenic lineage. The regulatory mechanisms and the functional importance of this process have been demonstrated in mice; however, regulation of this process in human and domestic animal is still largely unknown. In this study, we employed single‐cell RNA sequencing to identify transcriptional signatures of prospermatogonia and major somatic cell types in testes of goats at E85, E105, and E125. We identified both common and specific Gene Ontology categories, transcription factor regulatory networks, and cell–cell interactions in cell types from goat testis. We also analyzed the transcriptional dynamic changes in prospermatogonia, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and interstitial cells. Our datasets provide a useful resource for the study of domestic animal germline development.
Performance Data Advocacy for Continuing Professional Development in Health Professions
Authors: Tavares Walter , Sockalingam Sanjeev , Valanci Sofia , Giuliani Meredith , Davis David , Campbell Craig , Silver Ivan , Charow Rebecca , Jeyakumar Tharshini , Younus Sarah , Wiljer David 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Efforts to optimize continuing professional development (CPD) are ongoing and include advocacy for the use of clinician performance data. Several educational and quality-based frameworks support the use of performance data to achieve intended improvement outcomes. Although intuitively appealing, the role of performance data for CPD has been uncertain and its utility mainly assumed. In this Scholarly Perspective, the authors briefly review and trace arguments that have led to the conclusion that performance data are essential for CPD. In addition, they summarize and synthesize a recent and ongoing research program exploring the relationship physicians have with performance data. They draw on Collins, Onwuegbuzie, and Johnson’s legitimacy model and Dixon-Woods’ integrative approach to generate inferences and ways of moving forward. This interpretive approach encourages questioning or raising of assumptions about related concepts and draws on the perspectives (i.e., interpretive work) of the research team to identify the most salient points to guide future work. The authors identify 6 stimuli for future programs of research intended to support broader and better integration of performance data for CPD. Their aims are to contribute to the discourse on data advocacy for CPD by linking conceptual, methodologic, and analytic processes and to stimulate discussion on how to proceed on the issue of performance data for CPD purposes. They hope to move the field from a discussion on the utility of data for CPD to deeper integration of relevant conceptual frameworks.
Warming Prior to Heel Stick
Authors: Toennesen Ulla List , Kierkegaard Helene , Kofoed Poul-Erik , Madsen Jonna Skov , Fenger-Gron Jesper , Noergaard Betty , Soerensen Patricia Diana 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Capillary blood sampling (heel stick) in infants is commonly performed in neonatal care units. Before the procedure, warming the infant's heel is often a customary practice, but no consensus exists on the most effective heel-warming method.

Purpose:
To compare the effects of routinely used warming methods (glove, gel pack, or blanket) applied prior to heel stick on blood sample quality and infant's comfort.

Methods:
This prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit included infants (postmenstrual age of ≥28 + 0 weeks and ≤43 + 6 weeks) who were computer-randomized to 1 of 3 warming methods.
The primary outcome was blood flow velocity at sampling. Secondary outcomes were hemolysis index, infant COMFORTneo score, and frequency of postprocedure skin injuries. In addition, irrespective of the warming method used, the correlation between heel skin temperature and postprocedure heel skin injury was analyzed.

Results:
A total of 176 heel warmings were successfully randomized, and 173 were analyzed. Despite a significant difference in obtained heel skin temperature after warming between the 3 warming methods (P = .001), no difference in blood flow velocity (P = .91), hemolysis index (P = .99), or COMFORTneo score (P = .76) was found. Baseline skin temperatures above 37.0°C were associated with higher incidences of skin injury, and skin temperatures after warming were significantly higher in skin-injured heels (P = .038).

Implications for Practice and Research:
All 3 warming methods had similar effects on blood sample quality and infant's comfort. However, excessive warming of the heel should be avoided to prevent skin injuries.
Prepregnancy Healthy Lifestyle and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Wang Siwen , Mitsunami Makiko , Ortiz-Panozo Eduardo , Leung Cindy W. , Manson JoAnn E. , Rich-Edwards Janet W. , Chvarro Jorge E. 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the association of healthy lifestyle factors before pregnancy (body mass index [BMI] 18.5–24.9, nonsmoking, 150 min/wk or more of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, healthy eating [top 40% of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score], no or low-to-moderate alcohol intake [less than 15 g/d], and use of multivitamins) with risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

METHODS:
We conducted a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data for women without chronic diseases who are participating in an ongoing cohort in the United States (the NHSII [Nurses' Health Study II]). Healthy lifestyle factors preceding pregnancy were prospectively assessed every 2–4 years from 1991 to 2009 with validated measures. Reproductive history was self-reported in 2001 and 2009. A composite outcome of adverse pregnancy outcomes that included miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, preterm birth, stillbirth, or low birth weight was assessed.

RESULTS:
Overall, 15,509 women with 27,135 pregnancies were included. The mean maternal age was 35.1±4.2 years. Approximately one in three pregnancies (n=9,702, 35.8%) was complicated by one or more adverse pregnancy outcomes. The combination of six low-risk factors was inversely associated with risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in a dose-dependent manner (P for trend <.001). Compared with women who had zero or one healthy lifestyle factor, those with six had a 37% lower risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (relative risk 0.63, 95% CI 0.55–0.72), driven primarily by lower risks of gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and low birth weight. All prepregnancy healthy lifestyle factors, except avoiding harmful alcohol consumption and regular physical activity, were independently associated with lower risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes after mutual adjustment for each other. Healthy BMI, high-quality diet, and multivitamin supplementation showed the strongest inverse associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes. If the observed relationships were causal, 19% of adverse pregnancy outcomes could have been prevented by the adoption of all six healthy lifestyle factors (population attributable risk 19%, 95% CI 13–26%).

CONCLUSION:
Prepregnancy healthy lifestyle is associated with a substantially lower risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and could be an effective intervention for the prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Health Care Disparities in Patients Undergoing Hysterectomy for Benign Indications
Authors: Wieslander Cecilia K. , Grimes Cara L. , Balk Ethan M. , Hobson Deslyn T. G. , Ringel Nancy E. , Sanses Tatiana V. D. , Singh Ruchira , Richardson Monica L. , Lipetskaia Lioudmila , Gupta Ankita , White Amanda B. , Orejuela Francisco , Meriwether Kate , Antosh Danielle D. 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To explore how markers of health care disparity are associated with access to care and outcomes among patients seeking and undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through January 23, 2022.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
The population of interest included patients in the United States who sought or underwent hysterectomy by any approach for benign indications. Health care disparity markers included race, ethnicity, geographic location, insurance status, and others. Outcomes included access to surgery, patient level outcomes, and surgical outcomes. Eligible studies reported multivariable regression analyses that described the independent association between at least one health care disparity risk marker and an outcome. We evaluated direction and strengths of association within studies and consistency across studies.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
Of 6,499 abstracts screened, 39 studies with a total of 46 multivariable analyses were included. Having a Black racial identity was consistently associated with decreased access to minimally invasive, laparoscopic, robotic, and vaginal hysterectomy. Being of Hispanic ethnicity and having Asian or Pacific Islander racial identities were associated with decreased access to laparoscopic and vaginal hysterectomy. Black patients were the only racial or ethnic group with an increased association with hysterectomy complications. Medicare insurance was associated with decreased access to laparoscopic hysterectomy, and both Medicaid and Medicare insurance were associated with increased likelihood of hysterectomy complications. Living in the South or Midwest or having less than a college degree education was associated with likelihood of prior hysterectomy.

CONCLUSION:
Studies suggest that various health care disparity markers are associated with poorer access to less invasive hysterectomy procedures and with poorer outcomes for patients who are undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications. Further research is needed to understand and identify the causes of these disparities, and immediate changes to our health care system are needed to improve access and opportunities for patients facing health care disparities.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:
PROSPERO, CRD42021234511.
Obstetric Intervention and Perinatal Outcomes During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Authors: Simon Sophie , John Sid , Lisonkova Sarka , Razaz Neda , Muraca Giulia M. , Boutin Amélie , Bedaiwy Mohamed A. , Brandt Justin S. , Ananth Cande V. , Joseph K. S. 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To quantify pandemic-related changes in obstetric intervention and perinatal outcomes in the United States.

METHODS:
We carried out a retrospective study of all live births and fetal deaths in the United States, 2015–2021, with data obtained from the natality, fetal death, and linked live birth–infant death files of the National Center for Health Statistics. Analyses were carried out among all singletons; singletons of patients with prepregnancy diabetes, prepregnancy hypertension, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; and twins. Outcomes of interest included preterm birth, preterm labor induction or preterm cesarean delivery, macrosomia, postterm birth, and perinatal death. Interrupted time series analyses were used to estimate changes in the prepandemic period (January 2015–February 2020), at pandemic onset (March 2020), and in the pandemic period (March 2020–December 2021).

RESULTS:
The study population included 26,604,392 live births and 155,214 stillbirths. The prepandemic period was characterized by temporal increases in preterm birth and preterm labor induction or cesarean delivery rates and temporal reductions in macrosomia, postterm birth, and perinatal mortality. Pandemic onset was associated with absolute decreases in preterm birth (decrease of 0.322/100 live births, 95% CI 0.506–0.139) and preterm labor induction or cesarean delivery (decrease of 0.190/100 live births, 95% CI 0.334–0.047) and absolute increases in macrosomia (increase of 0.046/100 live births), postterm birth (increase of 0.015/100 live births), and perinatal death (increase of 0.501/1,000 total births, 95% CI 0.220–0.783). These changes were larger in subpopulations at high risk (eg, among singletons of patients with prepregnancy diabetes). Among singletons of patients with prepregnancy diabetes, pandemic onset was associated with a decrease in preterm birth (decrease of 1.634/100 live births) and preterm labor induction or cesarean delivery (decrease of 1.521/100 live births) and increases in macrosomia (increase of 0.328/100 live births) and perinatal death (increase of 9.840/1,000 total births, 95% CI 3.933–15.75). Most changes were reversed in the months after pandemic onset.

CONCLUSION:
The onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with a transient decrease in obstetric intervention (especially preterm labor induction or cesarean delivery) and a transient increase in perinatal mortality.
Life's Essential 8 and risk of non-communicable chronic diseases: Outcome-wide analyses
Authors: Yu Yuetian , Sun Ying , Yu Yuefeng , Wang Yuying , Chen Chi , Tan Xiao , Lu Yingli , Wang Ningjian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:
Life's Simple 7, the former construct of cardiovascular health (CVH) has been used to evaluate adverse non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs). However, some flaws have been recognized in recent years and Life's Essential 8 has been established. In this study, we aimed to analyze the association between CVH defined by Life's Essential 8 and risk of 44 common NCDs and further estimate the population attributable fractions (PAFs) of low-moderate CVH scores in the 44 NCDs.

Methods:
In the UK Biobank, 170,726 participants free of 44 common NCDs at baseline were included. The Life's Essential 8 composite measure consists of four health behaviours (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, and sleep) and four health factors (body mass index, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure), and the maximum CVH score was 100 points. CVH score was categorized into low, moderate, and high groups. Participants were followed up for 44 NCDs diagnosis across 10 human system disorders according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th edition (ICD-10) code using linkage to national health records until 2022. Cox proportional hazard models were used in this study. The hazard ratios (HRs) and PAFs of 44 NCDs associated with CVH score were examined.

Results:
During the median follow-up of 10.85 years, 58,889 incident NCD cases were documented. Significant linear dose-response associations were found between higher CVH score and lower risk of 25 (56.8%) of 44 NCDs. Low-moderate CVH (<80 points) score accounted for the largest proportion of incident cases in diabetes (PAF: 80.3%), followed by gout (59.6%), sleep disorder (55.6%), chronic liver disease (45.9%), chronic kidney disease (40.9%), ischemic heart disease (40.8%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (40.0%), endometrium cancer (35.8%), lung cancer (34.0%), and heart failure (34.0%) as the top 10. Among the eight modifiable factors, overweight/obesity explained the largest number of cases of incident NCDs in endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (35.4%), digestive system disorders (21.4%), mental and behavioral disorders (12.6%), and cancer (10.3%); however, the PAF of ideal sleep duration ranked first in nervous system (27.5%) and neuropsychiatric disorders (9.9%).

Conclusions:
Improving CVH score based on Life's Essential 8 may lower risk of 25 common NCDs. Among CVH metrics, avoiding overweight/obesity may be especially important to prevent new cases of metabolic diseases, NCDs in digestive system, mental and behavioral disorders, and cancer.
Physician Assessment of ChatGPT and Bing Answers to American Cancer Society’s Questions to Ask About Your Cancer
Authors: Janopaul-Naylor James R. , Koo Andee , Qian David C. , McCall Neal S. , Liu Yuan , Patel Sagar A. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives:
Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are a new, publicly available tool for patients to access health care–related information with unknown reliability related to cancer-related questions. This study assesses the quality of responses to common questions for patients with cancer.

Methods:
From February to March 2023, we queried chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT) from OpenAI and Bing AI from Microsoft questions from the American Cancer Society’s recommended “Questions to Ask About Your Cancer” customized for all stages of breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancer. Questions were, in addition, grouped by type (prognosis, treatment, or miscellaneous). The quality of AI chatbot responses was assessed by an expert panel using the validated DISCERN criteria.

Results:
Of the 117 questions presented to ChatGPT and Bing, the average score for all questions were 3.9 and 3.2, respectively (P < 0.001) and the overall DISCERN scores were 4.1 and 4.4, respectively. By disease site, the average score for ChatGPT and Bing, respectively, were 3.9 and 3.6 for prostate cancer (P = 0.02), 3.7 and 3.3 for lung cancer (P < 0.001), 4.1 and 2.9 for breast cancer (P < 0.001), and 3.8 and 3.0 for colorectal cancer (P < 0.001). By type of question, the average score for ChatGPT and Bing, respectively, were 3.6 and 3.4 for prognostic questions (P = 0.12), 3.9 and 3.1 for treatment questions (P < 0.001), and 4.2 and 3.3 for miscellaneous questions (P = 0.001). For 3 responses (3%) by ChatGPT and 18 responses (15%) by Bing, at least one panelist rated them as having serious or extensive shortcomings.

Conclusions:
AI chatbots provide multiple opportunities for innovating health care. This analysis suggests a critical need, particularly around cancer prognostication, for continual refinement to limit misleading counseling, confusion, and emotional distress to patients and families.