bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic tracking of thermally‐driven structural evolution in 2D crystals: Case of NbSe2
Authors: Hou Baofei , Zhang Teng , Wang Tingting , Ji Hongyan , Yang Huixia , Jia Liangguang , Han Xu , Qiao Jingsi , Zhang Yu , Liu Liwei , Gao Hong‐Jun , Wang Yeliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdvanced atomic tracking techniques play a critical role in characterizing structural evolution, elucidating fundamental mechanisms of exotic phenomena and tailoring delicate properties. Thermally driven structural modulation in 2D crystals, such as the charge density wave (CDW), often leads to intriguing quantum properties, making them a valuable platform for exploring fundamental physics and potential device applications. However, despite their significance, experimental studies addressing atomic tracking of thermally‐driven structural evolution in 2D crystals have been limited. Herein, we utilize high‐accuracy variable‐temperature atomic tracking measurements with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to directly observe a series of structural transitions in a model 2D crystal, namely NbSe2. With the atomic tracking technique, we confirm the existence of the universal thermally‐driven CDW transition hysteresis between the heating and cooling cycles. This transition hysteresis, characterized by a constant temperature offset, represents a new phenomenon of structural evolution. Our findings provide a feasible method to track CDW transitions at the atomic scale in 2D crystals, significantly contributing to a better understanding and the potential modulation of these materials' functions in nanodevices.image
Pharmacists' perceived barriers and facilitators as immunisers: Mapping COM‐B model to support intervention development
Authors: Teo Chien Ying , Yaw Xin Er , Kum Yi Ling , Chia Ee Vy , Heng Wei Shan , Khan Tahir Mehmood , Saw Pui San 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPharmacists were involved in the education and facilitation of vaccine administration, including more recent roles in vaccine administration. Yet there is a lack of reviews about pharmacists' motivation as immunisers to improve understanding of the possible gaps in the uptake of the professional roles.ObjectiveThis review aimed to identify perceived barriers and facilitators of pharmacists as immunisers and mapped across the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Model of Behavior (COM‐B).MethodsA total of 5429 articles were identified in four databases from inception until December 2022. Studies exploring pharmacists' perceptions and attitudes toward their role in vaccine administration were included. Using thematic analysis, the findings were mapped onto the COM‐B model components. All findings are reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guideline.ResultsTwenty‐six studies were included in the review. Themes of facilitators and barriers were identified in components of physical capability (training and certificate program), psychological capability (knowledge and awareness), physical opportunity (time and space), social opportunity (support from patients, staff, and general practitioners), reflective motivation (cost and expansion of role) and automatic motivation (legislation and reimbursement).ConclusionBy integrating these findings into the COM‐B framework, a holistic roadmap can assist policymakers in aligning strategies for effective pharmacist‐led vaccinations.
α‐bisabolol β‐d‐fucopyranoside (ABFP) ameliorates scopolamine‐induced memory deficits through cholinesterase inhibition and attenuation of oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Jeyakumar Mahalingam , Jaya Balan Devasahayam , Kiruthiga Chandramohan , Jafni Sakthivel , Pandima Devi Kasi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major devastating neurodegenerative disorders associated with the gradual decline of an individual's memory, cognition, and ability to carry out day‐to‐day activities. In the present study, the neuroprotective ability of α‐bisabolol β‐d‐fucopyranoside (ABFP) was assessed via measurement of antioxidant parameters like lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidation, glutathione, protein carbonyl content assays, and caspase‐3 activity estimation. Moreover, the acute toxicity of ABFP was estimated in the zebrafish larval model. The results showed that ABFP exhibits little to no toxicity at lower concentrations in the acute toxicity test. ABFP‐pretreated and scopolamine‐exposed fish exhibited more exploratory behavior in the behavior assay than scopolamine‐only induced groups. Additionally, the results of antioxidant enzyme assays revealed reduced oxidative stress and damage in ABFP‐treated fish, while enzyme activity experiments carried out with brain homogenate from ABFP‐treated fish showed decreased acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity. Overall, it can be concluded that ABFP has the potential to be a promising agent for the treatment of AD in the future.
The moral superiority of temporal (vs. social) comparisons
Authors: Dagogo‐Jack Sokiente W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBrands often encourage consumers to compare themselves to two types of standards: other people (i.e., social comparisons) and their own past (i.e., temporal comparisons). Although research has drawn many parallels between these two self‐comparisons, relatively little work has examined how they diverge. Moreover, existing research on their differences focuses on individuals engaging in—rather than brands encouraging—different self‐comparisons. The present research identifies moral perceptions as one critical dimension on which brand‐elicited temporal and social comparisons differ. Four studies find that evoking downward social (vs. temporal) comparisons undermines brand morality perceptions and, consequently, brand evaluations and choice. Providing preliminary insight into the mechanism, when brands evoke downward social (vs. temporal) comparisons, consumers perceive them as promoting status‐seeking behavior, which mediates morality judgments. Furthermore, the effects of comparison type are eliminated among consumers with stronger status motives—those who are less prone to condemn status‐seeking behavior. Altogether, these findings reveal a lay belief in the moral superiority of downward temporal (vs. social) comparisons and the downstream consequences for brands that elicit such comparisons.
The value of a dynamic echocardiographic approach to diastolic dysfunction in intensive care medicine
Authors: Catena Emanuele , Volontè Alessandra , Rizzuto Chiara , Bergomi Paola , Gambarini Matteo , Fossali Tommaso , Ottolina Davide , Perotti Andrea , Veronese Alice , Colombo Riccardo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDiastolic dysfunction is an underestimated feature in the context of the critically ill setting and perioperative medicine. Advances in echocardiography, its noninvasive, safe and easy use, have allowed Doppler echocardiography to become a cornerstone for diagnosing diastolic dysfunction in clinical practice. The diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction and increased filling pressures is nevertheless complex. Using an echocardiographic assessment and the routine application of preload stress maneuvers during echocardiographic examination can help identify early stages of diastolic dysfunction leading to better management of patients at risk of acute heart decompensation in the perioperative period or during ICU stay.
Association between gut microbiota and seven gastrointestinal diseases: A Mendelian randomized study
Authors: Zhu Shuang Jing , Ding Zhen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundObservational research has shed light on the ability of gut microbes to influence the onset and progression of gastrointestinal diseases. The causal relationships between specific gut microbiomes and various gastrointestinal conditions, however, remain unknown.MethodsWe investigated the relationship between gut microbiota and seven specific gastrointestinal disorders using a robust two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. The inverse variance‐weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis tool in our study. Furthermore, we conducted multiple sensitivity analyses to strengthen the robustness of our findings and ensure the reliability of the IVW method.ResultsOur research has discovered significant links between the composition of gut microbiota and a variety of gastrointestinal ailments. We found compelling links between 13 gut microbiota and fatty liver, four gut microbiota and cirrhosis, eight gut microbiota and hepatocellular carcinoma, four gut microbiota and cholelithiasis, 12 gut microbiota and acute pancreatitis, eight gut microbiota and chronic pancreatitis, and 11 gut microbiota and pancreatic cancer. These findings shed light on the intricate relationship between gut microbes and the emergence of these specific gastrointestinal conditions.ConclusionsThe findings of this extensive study not only validate the potential role of specific gut microbiota in gastrointestinal diseases, but also fill a critical gap in previous research. The discovery of these specific gut microbiota is a significant step forward because they may serve as novel and promising biomarkers for both the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal conditions.
Regional variation of climatological cloudburst frequency estimated from historical observations of daily precipitation sums
Authors: Schmith Torben , Thejll Peter , Vejen Flemming , Christiansen Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aims to estimate climatological cloudburst frequencies from daily precipitation sums for a dense network of 161 historical Danish stations covering the period 1914–2010, in order to reveal any systematic regional differences. We define a cloudburst day for a given station as a day when the maximum 1‐h precipitation sum exceeds a predefined threshold; we use the thresholds 15, 20 and 25 mm, corresponding to a cloudburst frequency around 0.42, 0.16 and 0.06 year−1, respectively. Supplementing the historical data, we use hourly data from a modern network and relate the daily probability of cloudburst occurrence to the corresponding daily precipitation using binary regression. This allows an estimation of the cloudburst frequency from a series of daily sums. To validate the methods, we use 33 stations that have been operating for 30 years or longer. For these stations, we demonstrate significant skill by comparing observed and estimated cloudburst frequencies with a jackknife procedure. By applying the model to the 161 historical series, we estimate climatological cloudburst frequencies throughout Denmark. We find large systematic regional variations across Denmark and these variations are much larger, but with a similar regional pattern, than obtained by previous work. We suggest applying the approach to the historical daily precipitation series that exist across the world.
Paediatric pyoderma gangrenosum treated with ustekinumab
Authors: Savasta Emanuele , Coppo Paola , La Selva Roberta , Opramolla Anna , Pinon Michele 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare reactive noninfectious inflammatory dermatosis. More than 50% of PG patients have an associated systemic disease, which, in most cases, is an inflammatory bowel disease. PG affects more females than males and patients with active colitis. This case report describes a 12‐year‐old girl previously diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) and on infliximab treatment. She came to our attention with a painful leg ulcer during admission for acute respiratory failure and fever. The lesion was classified as PG and a diagnosis of UC pulmonary involvement was made. Infliximab was substitute by ustekinumab and the girl is in remission after 1 year of treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature of a UC‐related paediatric PG treated with ustekinumab. Our data suggest that more studies are required as to the efficacy of ustekinumab in paediatric PG settings.
Normal Variations in Upper Esophageal Sphincter Function During Deglutition: A Secondary Analysis of Videofluoroscopic Data
Authors: Ambrocio Kevin Renz , Ramsey Reagan , O'Rourke Ashli , Beall Jonathan , Garand Kendrea L. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveCricopharyngeal dysfunction is a common potential cause of pharyngoesophageal dysphagia. Contextual factors (i.e., personal demographics and bolus properties) appear to impact upper esophageal sphincter (UES) function but have yet to be assessed collectively in a large‐scale study using psychometrically sound swallow task procedures. Using a standardized and validated videofluoroscopic approach, we investigated the collective effects of age, sex, and swallow task on UES opening duration (UESOdur) and UES maximum distension (UESmax) in a large sample of healthy adults.MethodsUESOdur and UESmax data were analyzed from existing videofluoroscopic images of 195 healthy adults (21–89 years old) across seven swallow tasks (thin liquid to viscous liquids, puree, and a solid). Generalized estimating equation modeling captured the effects of the aforementioned contextual factors (α = 0.05).ResultsUESOdur significantly increased with age, while UESmax had an inverse relationship. Females had significantly wider UESmax. UESOdur of 5 mL thin liquid was significantly shorter than all other liquid swallow tasks, while solid had an inverse effect. Compared to 5 mL thin liquid, all other swallow tasks resulted in significantly wider UESmax. Mildly and moderately thick liquid significantly increased UESOdur when isolating viscosity. UESmax was significantly wider with mildly and moderately thick liquid and puree than thin liquid. When isolating volume, cup sip thin liquid increased both measures significantly relative to 5 mL.ConclusionAge, sex, and swallow task can influence the normal timing and extent of UES movement. These collective effects contribute to normal variability in UES function and should be considered for clinical decision‐making.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:2306–2315, 2024
Natural History of KCNQ4p.G285S Related Hearing Loss, Construction of iPSC and Mouse Model
Authors: Zhang Xiaolong , Shi Tao , Li Jin , Wu Xiaonan , Wu Kaili , Li Danyang , Wang Dayong , Guan Jing , Wang Hongyang 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveKCNQ4 is one of the most common disease‐causing genes involved in autosomal dominant non‐syndromic hearing loss. We previously found that patients with KCNQ4 p.G285S exhibited a much more rapid deterioration in hearing loss than those with other KCNQ4 variants. To determine the rate of hearing loss and assess the disease for further analysis, we performed a long‐term follow‐up of these patients and generated patient‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and a mouse model.MethodsPatients with KCNQ4 p.G285S from a five‐generation family with hearing loss were followed up from 2005 to 2022. iPSCs were generated by stimulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the proband, and their pluripotency was determined. The Kcnq4 p.G286S mouse model was generated using CRISPR/Cas9, and its genotype and phenotype were identified.Results(1) The annual rates of hearing loss at the frequencies of speech were 0.96 dB for the proband and 0.87 dB for his father during the follow‐up period, which were faster than patients with other KCNQ4 variants. (2) The patient‐derived iPSC line carrying KCNQ4 p.G285S, possessed the capacity of differentiation and pluripotency capacities. (3) Mutant mice with Kcnq4 p.G286S exhibited hearing loss and outer hair cell loss at 1 month of age.ConclusionPatients with KCNQ4 p.G285S variant exhibited significantly accelerated progression of hearing loss compared to those with other reported variants. Awareness of the natural history of hearing loss associated with KCNQ4 p.G285S is beneficial for genetic counseling and prognosis. The generation of the iPSCs and mouse model can provide a valuable foundation for further in‐depth analyses.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:2356–2363, 2024
Establishing an early indicator for data sharing and reuse
Authors: Piękniewska Agata , Haak Laurel L. , Henderson Darla , McNeill Katherine , Bandrowski Anita , Seger Yvette 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFunders, publishers, scholarly societies, universities, and other stakeholders need to be able to track the impact of programs and policies designed to advance data sharing and reuse. With the launch of the NIH data management and sharing policy in 2023, establishing a pre‐policy baseline of sharing and reuse activity is critical for the biological and biomedical community. Toward this goal, we tested the utility of mentions of research resources, databases, and repositories (RDRs) as a proxy measurement of data sharing and reuse. We captured and processed text from Methods sections of open access biological and biomedical research articles published in 2020 and 2021 and made available in PubMed Central. We used natural language processing to identify text strings to measure RDR mentions. In this article, we demonstrate our methodology, provide normalized baseline data sharing and reuse activity in this community, and highlight actions authors and publishers can take to encourage data sharing and reuse practices.
The Role of Electron‐Donating Subunits in Cross‐Linked BODIPY Polymer Films
Authors: Özdemir Mücahit , Köksoy Baybars , Yalçın Bahattin , Koyuncu Sermet 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA new method for synthesizing cross‐linked 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacenes (BODIPYs) using a radical‐based thiol‐ene click reaction is developed. This method is simple, efficient, and cost‐effective, and it produces polymers with unique optical, electrochemical, and surface morphology properties. Significant blue shifts in absorption and photoinduced electron transfer in emissions are observed in the cross‐linked BODIPY thin films. Cross‐linking also leads to the restriction of conjugation, which results in the breakage of the terminal vinyl group, an increase in the oxidation potential, and a slight upshift in the HOMO position. As a result, the electrochemical band gap is widened from 1.88 to 1.94 eV for polymer bearing N,N‐dimethylamino‐BODIPY and from 1.97 to 2.02 eV for polymer bearing N,N‐diphenylamino‐BODIPY moieties. Monomer thin films form planar surfaces due to crystallinity, while amorphous cross‐linked BODIPY polymers form more rough surfaces. Additionally, photopatterning on the film surface is successfully performed using different patterned masks. This new method for synthesizing cross‐linked BODIPYs has the potential to be used in a variety of applications, including organic electronics, bioimaging, and photocatalysis.
Correlation between a commercial electrophysiological test of sudomotor function and intraepidermal nerve fiber density in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
Authors: Masuda Teruaki , Misumi Yohei , Nomura Toshiya , Yamakawa Shiori , Tasaki Masayoshi , Obayashi Konen , Ando Yukio , Ueda Mitsuharu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsIn the early stage, hereditary transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis predominantly affects small nerve fibers, resulting in autonomic dysfunction and impaired sensation of pain and temperature. Evaluation of small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is therefore important for early diagnosis and treatment of ATTRv amyloidosis. Herein, we aimed to investigate the accuracy of a quick and non‐invasive commercial sudomotor function test (SFT) for the assessment of SFN in ATTRv amyloidosis.MethodsWe performed the SFT in 39 Japanese adults with ATTRv amyloidosis, and we analyzed the correlations between electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) values obtained via the SFT and the parameters of other neuropathy assessment methods.ResultsESC in the feet demonstrated significant, moderate correlations with intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) results (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient [rs], 0.58; p < .002) and other neuropathy assessment methods including the sensory nerve action potential amplitude in the nerve conduction studies (rs, 0.52; p < .001), the Neuropathy Impairment Score (rs, −0.45; p < .01), the heat‐pain detection threshold (rs, −0.62; p < .0001), and the autonomic section of the Kumamoto ATTRv clinical score (rs, −0.53; p < .0001).DiscussionIn this study, we found that ESC values in the feet via the SFT demonstrated significant, moderate correlations with IENFD and other SFN assessment methods in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis, suggesting that the SFT appears to be an appropriate method for assessment of SFN in this disease.
Characterization of polymer foam evolution in unpressurized melt systems
Authors: Pritchard Alex J. , Martin Peter J. , McCourt Mark P. , Kearns Mark P. , Cunningham Eoin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe evolution of foam in unpressurized melt processing techniques, such as rotational molding, is different from high‐pressure processes like injection foam molding, making comparisons difficult. This has driven the need for a dedicated technique for studying these systems. A unique test procedure was developed to capture and characterize foam evolution in test tubes under unpressurized conditions. A validation study found the procedure to be reliable, producing repeatable samples (height average (AVG) 39.69 ± 1.70 mm and density AVG 0.319 ± 0.012 g/cm3) and delivering comparable results to samples produced using the industrial rotational foam molding process. A study examined the effect of polymer particle size on the foam structures produced. Finer (>90 μm <106 μm) polymer powders produced more desirable structures, achieving 38.6% lower foam density and 43.8% taller peak foam height than coarser powders (>425 μm < 500 μm). Cycle times were much shorter (~15 min) in comparison with the industrial rotational molding process (>40 min) and required smaller amounts of materials, making it useful for rapid characterization. Future work is planned to apply the new procedure to investigate the effects of material and processing conditions on the foam structures produced under unpressurized conditions.Highlights
Evaluation of existing unpressurized foam characterization methods.
Rapid test procedure developed to characterize unpressurized foam evolution.
Variability study of foam structures produced using the new procedure.
Effect of rotational molding polymer powder and considerations for foaming.
Results validated with industrial unpressurized rotationally molded samples.
A stereo visual navigation method for docking autonomous underwater vehicles
Authors: Xu Shuo , Jiang Yanqing , Li Ye , Wang Bo , Xie Tianqi , Li Shuchang , Qi Haodong , Li Ao , Cao Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecovering and recharging autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) on a regular basis allows for long‐term underwater activities. This research provides a vision‐based navigation strategy for AUVs to independently identify and reconstruct the docking station (DS). The proposed framework includes a light beacon detection approach, a filter‐based light beacon matching method, and a fusion pose estimation method for DS positioning. Four green LED light beacons are mounted symmetrically on the docking ring, enabling the stereo camera to observe them from close range. A method for detecting light beacons is proposed that assures detection accuracy by identifying false positives. On a single frame from a stereo camera, filter‐based matching follows the light beacons precisely. In addition, we construct a position estimate method that significantly improves accuracy and efficiency by consisting of analyzation and iteration. A series of virtual and real‐world experiments demonstrate that our methodology can provide AUVs with reliable docking navigation.