bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on the crucial indicators for breast cancer detection using machine learning algorithm
Authors: Li Shutai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Since breast cancer is the most serious disease affecting women, early detection comes as a priority. The Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD), which was retrieved from the UCI database, has been applied in numerous studies in recent years to help with the definitive diagnosis. Machine learning (ML) algorithms, such as K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Neural Network (NN) can be used to attain the upshot. Although these algorithms make predictions well, advantages cannot overshadow drawbacks because the outcome is circumstantial by the peculiar dataset itself and cannot draw a direct conclusion reflecting the deeper issue. To implement ML skills to figure out the factors that influence the prediction most in a statistical dimension, this paper uses the dataset above, compares five methods, and chooses three best classifiers: KNN, RF, and SVM. After selection, the author eliminates every single variable each time to get the accuracy, and compares them with the full model’s accuracy. Having controlled variables, it can be informed that Clump Thickness and Bare Nuclei are the factors that matter most.
Barn swallow roosting at an oil gathering station
Authors: Mardiastuti A , Hartono T T , Firmansyah F S , Manurung R , Refiandy M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) is a migratory aerial-insectivorous bird and has been known to winter in Indonesia. Normally roost on trees, there was a report that thousands of them roosted on human-made building. The objective of this paper was to document the barn swallows that use an oil gathering station (GS) as their roosting site, examined their roosting habitat, and seek the reasons on why the GS was selected as the roosting habitat for the barn swallows. Observation was conducted in Petapahan GS, Riau, in May 2023. Swallow abundance was estimated in the evening (6:30-8:00pm), perching spots were observed. The land-use of surrounded area was observed. There were 4,000 barn swallows roosted at night in the GS. There were many big tanks, small-large pipes, handrails, valves, processing buildings that can be used for roosting. At night, the GS was bright and warm in most parts. The surrounding was a vast area of oil-palm plantation, mixed with mosaic microhabitats (agricultural area, open area, housing). Some possible reasons why swallows used GS were: (1) located at the migration route, (2) the abundance of perch sites, (3) warm temperatures, (4) sufficient lighting at night, (5) abundant insect food at the surrounding oil-palm.
Detection of microplastic existence trapped with periphyton in some rivers in The Regency of Sumedang
Authors: Pribadi T D K , Ati A S , Kusmoro J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Plastic pollution is not just a mere concern of marine pollution as this issue has become the concerning topics on terrestrial and freshwater environments, especially in the rivers, where many serve as a source of water for anthropogenic activities. Over the course of time, microplastics can be trapped in periphyton assemblages in the water column, especially by microalgae through their exo-polysaccharide components. This research was conducted to determine the presence of microplastics attached to the periphyton in relation to the abundance of periphyton aggregates in the Cipeles subwatershed, namely Cihonje River, Cileuleuy River, Cigede River, and Cipanyirapan River. The four sampling stations on each river section were purposively chosen based on the land use, with three repetition plots on each. The highest abundance of periphyton was encountered in the Cihonje river, while the lowest abundance was found in the Cipanyirapan River. Bacillariophyceae was the most present abundance class in all four rivers. The highest microplastics abundance was encountered in the Cileuleuy River, measuring, while the lowest abundance was found in the Cihonje River. The dominant type of microplastics is film, with black as the dominant colour. FTIR results from microplastic samples showed similarity to LDPE at the most.
Species composition of terrestrial gastropods in an urban conservation area: Cibinong Botanical Garden
Authors: Nurhayati P A , Prasetia A G , Nadhira F R , Aulia L N , Khoiriza I N , Nurinsiyah A S 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA study conducted in the Cibinong Botanical Garden (CBG) aimed to reveal the diversity of terrestrial gastropods. The CBG is an ex-situ conservation area for plants and has become the green space in urban ecosystems. The area is located near the city centre and only a few kilometers away from the cement industry. Research of land snails in CBG was carried out in January 2020 and March 2023. Five plots of 100 m2 were observed using the time search method. In addition, 3L of soil and leaf litter per plot were sorted and sieved to collect micro snails. In a total of 131 specimens from four families were collected. We found a land snail species endemic to Java,Landouriasp. and invasive alien species,Allopeas gracile, Allopeas clavulinum, andLissachatina fulica. Based on iNEXT analysis, the number of species found in CBG had reached the maximum limit (SC=1). Shannon index value was 1.76 which implies low diversity. Further research is needed to understand environmental factors impacting land snail diversity in CBG. Regardless of the presence of invasive alien species, the CBG is a suitable habitat for land snails and plays an important role as a conservation oasis in urban ecosystems.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of Scleria sumatrensis as a member of Cyperaceae family commonly known as non-mycorrhizal host plant
Authors: Sukarno N , Rahayu N D , Listiyowati S , Kramadibrata K , Subagya M , Nugraha T S , Tanio R , Ananto H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cyperaceae is not strictly a non-mycorrhizal host plant family, and the mycorrhizal status of its member could be influenced by environmental conditions. Scleria sumatrensis, a member of Cyperaceae grown natively as a pioneer plant in a disturbed area, could be used as a source of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) inoculum. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the mycorrhizal status of the S. sumatrensis grown natively in Martabe, North Sumatra, Indonesia, for revegetation purposes. The analysis was carried out by measuring root colonization characteristics and spore diversity in the rhizosphere soils of the S. sumatrensis. The roots were stained and measured for AM colonization characteristics. While the AMF spores were obtained using the wet sieving and decanting method and were identified based on morphological characteristics. The results indicated that the roots of S. sumatrensis were colonized by AMF in good-quality formed entry points, internal hyphae, arbuscules, and vesicles. The AMF associated with S. sumatrensis identified were relatively diverse; consisted of Acaulospora sp., Acaulospora cf. mellea, Glomus sp. 1, Glomus sp. 2, Glomus sp. 3, and Glomus sp. 4. This is the first report showing that S. sumatrensis is a mycotrophic plant in the family of Cyperaceae.
Estimation of genetic parameters and principal component analysis on garlic germplasm using augmented block design
Authors: Aswani N , Tihurua E F , Azmi C , Widoyanti  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the important herbs worldwide. Genetic studies on Indonesian garlic germplasm are still limited. We aimed to estimate genetic parameters and analyze the Principal Component of Indonesian local garlic accessions. Augmented Block Design with three replications (blocks) was used to characterize 20 accessions with 16 accessions as ‘Test’ and four check varieties. The research was carried out at Lembang, West Java (1250 m asl) from October 2022 until March 2023. The result showed that from block-adjusted ANOVA, tested accessions gave significant differences in number of leaves, leaf length, ratio between length and width of stomata, and yield per plot. A high genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) was observed on pseudo-stem diameter, root length, and yield per plot. It also showed that the number of leaves, the ratio between length and width of stomata, and yield per plot had high value of hBS (broad-sense heritability). Our study also showed that yield per plot had positive and significant (p<0.05) correlations with pseudo-stem diameter, leaf length, chlorophyll content, stomatal length, and root length. Principal Component Analysis showed that 82.75% of the total variance can be explained by the first three PCs viz. 57.19%, 15.27%, and 10.29% respectively.
Chitosan extracted from Cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) induced bioactive compound and pigment content in Centella asiatica
Authors: Rusadi I S , Phonpoem W , Hamim  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pegagan (Centela asiatica) is a plant contains a diversity of secondary metabolites. Chitosan, which is primarily derived from crustaceans and some certain insects, has been proposed as an active elicitor that enhances plant bioactive compounds. This study aimed to investigate the effect of chitosan application extracted from cricket (Grylus bimaculatus) and commercial chitosan to induce bioactive compound and pigment content in C. asiatica. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Chitosan treatments were CN (without chitosan as control), CR (cricket chitosan at 50 ppm), and CM (commercial chitosan at 50 ppm), which were applied by spraying the leaves daily for 7 days. The changes in morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of the plants were analyzed after treatment. The result showed that foliar spray using cricket chitosan with 50 ppm doses induced the plants to have the highest bioactive compounds and pigment content. The enhancement levels of its bioactive compound and pigment content might contribute to the enhancement of its antioxidant activity levels of C. asiatica extract. This result highlights the remarkable potential of cricket (G. bimaculatus) as a promising alternative source of chitosan that can be used to stimulate bioactive compounds in C. asiatica.
Landfill leachate treatment using single and mixed freshwater cyanobacterial isolates
Authors: Razak W R W A , Daud A Y , Aziz A A , Sidik N J , Rasol R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The increasing volume of waste disposal and improper management of landfill has been contributing to the heavily polluted leachate. Local freshwater cyanobacteria were identified based on the polyphasic approach that combines morphological and molecular identification by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. The local cyanobacteria isolate (A1) was identified as the genus Cyanobacterium of the order Chroococcales. The A1 isolate together with identified cyanobacteria, Anabaena sp. was used to observe their effectiveness in remediating leachate pollution either as monoculture or in mixed culture. Prior to the phycoremediation, the characterization of leachate had been carried out. The biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH value, concentration of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrite

(

N
O

2

−

)

, and nitrate

(

N
O

3

−

)

of the raw leachate determined were 22.37 mg/L, 58.33 mg/L, 7.84, 82.7 mg/L, 88.67mg/L and 89.43mg/L, respectively. The use of a single Anabaena sp. demonstrates the most effective in the removal of all contaminants that exist in the leachate. The removal of COD was the highest at 105.71% followed by BOD5 at 92.71% and NO3- at 82.09%. This finding suggested that in order to achieve optimum removal of BOD5, COD, NH3-N, NO2
- and NO3
- content in leachate sample, treatment by Anabaena sp. should be applied.
Insecticide activity from mangrove endophytic fungus isolate against larvae of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster)
Authors: Djarot I N , Abraham S , Nuha  , Nastiti S A , Wijihastuti R S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster) is one of the important pests for fruit and vegetable plants. However, pest control efforts are highly dependent on synthetic insecticides. This study aimed to determine the potential of mangrove endophytic fungi as bioinsecticides for D. melanogaster and to determine the insecticidal activity of secondary metabolites of mangrove endophytic fungi against D. melanogaster larvae. The study was conducted on five types of fungi extract isolated from R. mucronata, namely E. nidulans (BPPTCC 6035), E. nidulans (BPPTCC 6038), A. tamarii (BPPTCC 6037), A. versicolor (BPPTCC 6039), and A. oryzae (BPPTCC 6036) in 500 and 1000 ppm. The results showed that the A. versicolor (BPPTCC 6039) extract was the most toxic. Tukey’s HSD test showed that the A. versicolor (BPPTCC 6039) extract was most effectively used as a bioinsecticide for D. melanogaster larvae. All extracts do not have antifeedant compounds and showed activity to inhibit larvae growth. Therefore, in this study, the A. versicolor (BPPTCC 6039) extract had the most significant potential as a bioinsecticide for D. melanogaster larvae.
Changes in titrable acidity, pH, and reducing sugars of ganoderma kombucha with honey after the fermentation process
Authors: Elfirta R R , Ferdian P R , Setyawan R H , Saskiawan I , Mahani  , Nurjanah N , Pribadi A , Anggita S , Manullang E S D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Kombucha, a fermented tea beverage prepared with a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) and sucrose as a carbon source, has gained popularity for its potential health benefits. This study aimed to explore the effects of fermentation on the titrable acidity, pH, and reducing sugar content of Ganoderma kombucha with honey. In this study, we used Ganoderma lucidum as a substrate since it is a widely used natural medicinal and promotes health benefits. The sucrose commonly used in kombucha production was replaced with honey to enhance the functional qualities of the final product. Honey derived from Apis cerana and Heterotrigona itama is used in this study, with a ratio of Sugar and honey as follows: 100% honey, 50%:50% honey and sugar, and 100% sugar. The highest titrable acidity was found in kombucha with A. cerana honey (50%:50% honey and sugar) after fermentation i.e. 12.98±0.09%. Both of A .cerana (Sugar and honey 50:50 %) and H.itama (100 %) have the lowest pH after fermentation, i.e. 3.01±0.02 and 3.01±0.01 respectively. The reducing sugar was decreased after the fermentation process. The findings revealed an increase in titrable acidity during the fermentation process, accompanied by decreased pH and reducing sugar values.
Antioxidant effect of Spirulina platensis in lowering heart mda levels of white rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Amir M , Agustini N W S , Malau A P H , Gautama A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Spirulina platensis has potential as an antioxidant that can act as the main defense against free radicals in the body. This study aims to determine the antioxidant effect of Spirulina platensis in reducing MDA levels in the hearts of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Sprague Dawley strain induced with CCl4. Twenty-five male white rats were divided into 5 groups: the normal control group (KN), the negative control group (KKN), the treatment group I at dose of 400 mg/kgBW (KP 1), the treatment group II at 800 mg/kgBW (KP 2), and the treatment group III at 1200 mg/kgBW (KP3). The treatment was given for 28 days. All groups except the normal group were induced by CCl4 1 ml/kgBW intraperitoneally on the 29th day. MDA levels were measured using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) method. The data obtained were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, which showed a significant difference between groups (p<0.05). The results showed that the three doses of Spirulina platensis ethanol extract were able to reduce MDA levels significantly. Spirulina platensis at a dose of 800 mg/kgBW showed optimal results in reducing MDA levels in the hearts of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by CCl4.
Primer design and optimization of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for specific detection of genes isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Aulia O N , Putri D H , Chaidir L , Yusuf M , Kurniawan K , Faizal I 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains one of the leading causes of death in Indonesia. The limited diagnostic tools for TB, including Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB), contribute to the increasing number of cases. MDR-TB refers to TB strains resistant to Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs such as Isoniazid (INH). In response, the WHO has recommended the use of a rapid, equipment-free method called loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). This study aims to design primers and optimize the LAMP method for the detection of Isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis. The research integrates bioinformatics testing, laboratory experiments, and validation methods. The study successfully designed LAMP primers for detecting Isoniazid-resistant comprising three pairs of primers: F3, B3; FIP, BIP; and LF, LB. The optimization of the LAMP method involved temperature and time parameters. Five temperature treatments were tested, revealing an optimum temperature of 70°C. For time optimization, eight treatments were conducted, with an optimum time range of 25-30 minutes. The study concludes that the LAMP method differs from the PCR method due to the higher number of primers employed and LAMP requires only a single isothermal temperature. Additionally, the study achieved optimization of temperature and time for the LAMP method, facilitating the detection of Isoniazid-resistant MTB.
Comparative analysis of Lithocarpus chloroplast genomes reveals candidate DNA barcoding loci
Authors: Herliana L , Chairunisa  , Wahyuni  , Iryanto S B , Fauzan Y S A , Robiansyah I , Alkindi  
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Lithocarpus or stone oaks (Fagaceae) are ecologically and economically important trees in tropical and subtropical Asia as animal food sources, valuable timber trees, and natural bioactive components. Nonetheless, it was often challenging to identify Lithocarpus at the species level. Using a short sequence of specific regions in the genome, DNA barcoding offers a fast and cost-effective way to catalogue biodiversity and protect endangered species from illegal trades. However, universal barcodes were reported as not always applicable to all plant species. Thus, specific barcodes have been introduced based on the analysis of whole chloroplast genomes. This study aimed to identify specific barcodes for species-level differentiation within the Lithocarpus genus. Publicly available chloroplast genomes of eight Lithocarpus, three Quercus (Fagaceae) as ingroups and two Corylus (Betulaceae) as outgroups were compared. The number of protein-coding genes ranged between 80 – 87. Of 80 orthogroups identified, fifty-nine groups contained single-copy orthologous genes (SOGs). Only two genes showed high sequence variation: matK and ndhF. We recommend future investigation of these two genes as candidate barcoding loci to identify intraspecific variation at species and population levels. These barcodes will accelerate species identification of Lithocarpus from fresh, herbaria or degraded samples.
Responses of kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) seedlings under different spectrum and intensity of light emitting diode
Authors: Defitrianida A W , Poerwanto R , Inoue E , Hapsari D P , Matra D D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) is a local fruit belonging to the Meliaceae family. The market price of this fruit is unstable due to inconsistent production and fruit quality. Kecapi’s cultivation system can be improved by modifying the environment in which LED (Light Emitting Diode) is used as artificial light. This study aims to determine changes in morphological, physiological, and anatomical responses to LED light’s different spectrum and intensity levels. The research used a two-factor, completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of an LED spectrum (purple and white) and two light intensities. The results showed the changes in morphological and physiological responses in high-intensity treatment with the white spectrum of LED (WH). The low intensity with the white spectrum of LED (WL) increased leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate. The anatomical response has in the low-intensity purple LED (PL) treatment. Increased leaf width occurred in high intensity with the purple LED spectrum (PH). Glucose content in the leaf decreased in all treatments, and increased fructose content in the leaf only occurred in the low-intensity purple spectrum of LED treatment.
Influence of scandium interlayer on the mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of friction stir welded AA1200-H14/ Sc/AA6061-T6
Authors: Arunkumar D , Vijay Sekar K S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present investigation observed the friction stir welding (FSW) of joints made from the interfacial layered dissimilar AA1200-H14 and AA6061-T6 using scandium about the UTS, frictional heat, and metallurgical properties. The experimental examination is carried out utilising a three-level, three factors, Box-Behnken Design matrix (17 tests) in response surface approach, with the welding speed (WS), axial force (AF), and tool rotation speed (TRS) as the stated input parameters. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the model’s dependability. Macroscopic and microscopic joint defects, as well as the alloy intermixture, have been found using optical microscopy and SEM. The SEM microstructural study exhibited that the generated grains are fine and equiaxed. The optimal WS (50 mm min−1), A−1F−1 (10 kN) and TRS (1750 rpm) settings produced the maximum terminal tensile strength (200.182 MPa) and perfect frictional heat observations. The inclusion of scandium interlayer as well as optimised parameters improved the joint’s mechanical characteristics and produced a fine-grained microstructure.