bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Land use evaluation considering soil properties and agricultural infrastructure in black soil region
Authors: Ren Shuyi , Song Changqing , Ye Sijing , Cheng Feng , Akhmadov Vakhit , Kuzyakov Yakov 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSystematic assessment of arable land use is a fundamental prerequisite to explore its sustainable development path. Agricultural infrastructure integrated with the tillage conditions and soil properties was used to evaluate the state of regional arable land use and its potential for sustainable productivity. We propose a combined weighting method integrating Delphi and entropy weights to consider both decision objectives and indicator attributes. The proposed approach takes into account both expertise and data feature, making the evaluating results more rational and applicable. The impacts of large‐scale land use change and regional urban distribution on soil properties and agricultural infrastructure were also explored to develop more rational and differentiated conservation strategies. Our evaluation showed that 44% and 48% of the soil properties of arable land in Heilongjiang Province, China, are in the excellent or good grades, respectively, meaning that no or only minor remediation measures are needed to achieve optimum conditions. Agricultural infrastructure deserves more attention from the management than soil properties, as only 16% and 24% of area have the same excellent and good grades. The results of the evaluation with a combination of subjective and objective weights are closer to a normal distribution curve than if only expert weights are used, which confirms our hypothesis that the new weighting method is more reasonable. The newly proposed weighted design method and index provide a better understanding of the sustainable productivity of agricultural areas and have a promising application in large‐scale black soil areas worldwide. The future rough growth strategy for resources will result in degradation and posed risks to regional ecological conservation. At the provincial level (up to 130 km), agricultural infrastructure declines and then rises as fields move away from cities, with the inflection point at 55 km. State‐owned farms are mainly responsible for this inflection point, which shift the agents of arable land from small farmers to large capital, with remote arable land receiving more investment. The impact mechanisms of urbanization should be deeper explored to address the challenges for arable land conservation.
Combination of organic amendments as a soil recovering strategy at a desertification hotspot in the Brazilian semiarid
Authors: de Souza Henrique Antunes , Guedes Fernando Lisboa , Pompeu Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco , Oda‐Souza Melissa , Clark Marcus Vinicius Guimarães , de Andrade Hosana Aguiar Freitas , Primo Anaclaudia Alves , Sagrilo Edvaldo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe use of manure, organic mulch, and legume‐based fertilizers can increase soil fertility in semiarid regions. However, the effects of such practices on soils prone to desertification are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate soil fertility and herbaceous stratum yield on soils amended with different organic inputs in the desertification hotspot of Irauçuba, Ceará state, Brazil. The experiments were performed in two areas with different soils (Planosol and Cambisol), in randomized blocks with a 2 × 2 × 3 + 1 factorial design. The factors consisted of (i) mulch (presence or absence of Copernicia prunifera [carnauba palm] straw), (ii) manure (sheep or cattle), and (iii) legume‐based fertilizer (Mimosa tenuiflora [jurema], Mimosa caesalpiniifolia [sabiá], and Leucaena leucocephala [leucena]), in addition to an untreated control, with three replicates. Soil chemical attributes and herbaceous stratum yield were assessed in the two areas. Positive effects of the combined use of carnauba palm straw, manures, and legume‐based fertilizers on soil fertility were more evident for Planosol than for Cambisol. The combination of sheep manure with sabiá‐based fertilizer in Planosol, and cattle manure and leucena‐based fertilizer in Cambisol increased herbaceous stratum yield. Herbaceous stratum yield in Planosol is more responsive to the input of great amounts of soil nutrients (especially P) and it increases soil organic matter levels, while in Cambisol, herbaceous stratum yield is more associated with the ability of inputs to make nutrients readily available. The use of organic amendments can reverse, in the short‐term, degradation and desertification processes of soils in the Brazilian semiarid region.
Green Polymer Poly‐l‐proline Efficiently Inhibits Formation of Gas Hydrates in Oil–Water System
Authors: Qi Huiping , Liu Yanzhen , Shen Shi , Zhao Jiafei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGreen polymer poly‐l‐proline, as a new type of biodegradable polymer material, has a wide application prospect in the field of environmental protection. Recent studies have shown that poly‐l‐proline can also act as a green inhibitor that is highly effective in inhibiting the production of gas hydrates in oil–water systems. As a natural polymer material, poly‐l‐proline has good biocompatibility and biodegradability and will not cause pollution to the environment. It is found that adding an appropriate amount of poly‐l‐proline to the oil–water system can significantly inhibit the formation of gas hydrates. This is because poly‐l‐proline can reduce the concentration of dissolved gases in water by adsorbing and dispersing ions and molecules in water, thereby reducing the chance of gas forming hydrates with water. In addition, poly‐l‐proline can also prevent gas molecules from entering water molecules to form hydrates by forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This study provides a green, environmentally friendly and efficient solution for controlling the formation of gas hydrates in oil–water mixtures. In the future, the application prospects of poly‐l‐proline in oil–water separation, marine engineering, natural gas exploitation, and other fields will be broader.
Anorexia nervosa seen from a fathers' perspectives: A thematic analysis
Authors: Bratt Neuberg Elisabeth , Andersson Gerhard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFew studies have explored the views of fathers in relation to daughters diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of this study was to investigate this aspect. This study was part of a larger study. Fourteen fathers (age 46–68 years) of 14 daughters (age 19–29 years) diagnosed with AN were interviewed between 1996 and 2002. The interview consisted of 15 open‐ended questions exploring the views of fathers in relation to their daughters later diagnosed with AN. Following transcription, thematic analysis was used to identify main themes and subthemes based on the data. We identified three themes: “Family dynamic,” “Proximity and distance to the daughter,” and “Commitment and knowledge seeker,” and 10 subthemes. The fathers were involved during the upbringing and the relation to the daughter was important. Different studies show the importance of the paternal role for the daughter's healthy development, and for AN. Not sharing equally, the responsibility of early childcaring, could foster the experience of inadequacy regarding the paternal role in the future. In our study, the fathers considered the mothers to be the experts during the daughters' adolescence. This attitude could have hindered them from understanding their daughters pathological eating problems. This and other studies indicate the importance of viewing the fathers as a resource when planning treatment approaches.
Selective Fluorescent Sensing for Iron in Aqueous Solution by A Novel Functionalized Pillar[5]arene
Authors: Zhang Yahan , Chen Longming , Du Xinbei , Yu Xiang , Zhang Han , Meng Zhao , Zheng Zhibing , Chen Junyi , Meng Qingbin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIron ion is one of the most physiologically important elements in metabolic processes, indispensable for all living systems. Since its excess can lead to severe diseases, new approaches for its monitoring in water samples are urgently needed to meet requirements. Here, we firstly report a novel and universal route for the synthesis of a series of pillar[n]arene derivates containing one benzoquinone unit by photocatalysis. With this in hand, an anthracene – appended water – soluble pillar[5]arene (H) with excellent fluorescence sensing potency was prepared. H enabled the ultrasensitive detection of iron ions in aqueous solution with limits of detection of 10−8 M. Over a wide range of metal ions, H exhibited specific selectivity toward Fe3+. More importantly, H could still properly operate in a simulated sewage sample, coexisting with multiple interference ions.
Bamboo fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites fabricated by vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM): Effect of molding sequence and fiber content
Authors: Shi Jiangjing , Wu Yingji , Zhang Min , Zhang Jian , Zhang Wenfu , Chen Hong , Peng Yucheng , Shi Sheldon Q. , Xia Changlei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFabricating bamboo fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites (BFREs) using the vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process has many advantages, such as low cost, high product quality, controllability, and broad applicability. However, the immature fabrication process seriously affects product performance and hinders the full exploitation of the advantages of the VARTM process. The effects on the physical‐mechanical and thermal properties of BFREs by molding sequence and fiber content were investigated in this study. The molding sequence of fiber compression followed by resin injection was beneficial to ensure hermeticity, thus reducing the voids in the BFREs. The mechanical properties of BFREs gradually increased with increasing fiber content. With 50 wt% fiber content, the bending strength and modulus, shear strength, and impact toughness of BFREs reached 71.27 MPa, 6.78 GPa, 11.68 MPa, and 5.45 kJ/m2, respectively. Although the thermal stability of the BFREs was slightly lower than that of pure epoxy, the bamboo fibers' high rigidity evidentially increased the epoxy's dynamic mechanical properties. The life cycle assessment indicated that the BFREs effectively reduced the environmental impacts and production energy consumption compared to the glass fiber correspondent. The VARTM‐fabricated BFREs have great potential for construction, transportation, household items, packaging, sports equipment, and leisure goods applications.Highlights
Fiber compression followed by resin injection could ensure great hermeticity.
Micro‐CT accurately measured the void characteristics of the composites.
Voids had detrimental effects on the properties of the composites.
Dense bamboo fiber preforms enhanced the mechanical properties of epoxy.
Bamboo fibers reinforcing epoxy reduced the impact on the environment.
Preparation and properties of rice husk ash silica filled natural rubber
Authors: Zhang Guojie , Wang Ge , Jiang Yang , Wang Shifeng , Zhang Yong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRice husk ash silica obtained from the chemical purification of rice husk ash is a bio‐based silica. As a sustainable raw material, the bio‐based silica has attracted much attention in recent years. It can be used to replace traditional carbon black and silica in tire rubbers. Our experimental results show that the bio‐based silica can bring similar mechanical properties and higher wet grip to natural rubber in comparison with traditional silica. The wet mixing method is successfully used to disperse the bio‐based silica in natural rubber latex, obtaining a bio‐based silica/natural rubber composite with higher abrasion resistance and lower rolling resistance than the composite prepared by traditional dry mixing. The mechanical properties of bio‐based silica/natural rubber composites depend on the silica loading and mixing methods. Mixing natural rubber and bio‐based silica through wet‐mixing method is a green and sustainable approach to the tread rubbers with excellent mechanical properties, low rolling resistance, high abrasion resistance, and wet grip.
Bearing performance and damage characteristics of rein‐infused thermoplastic 3D woven composites bolted joints
Authors: Shah S. Z. H. , Megat‐Yusoff P. S. M. , Sharif Tahir , Sajid Z. , Hussnain S. M. , Choudhry R. S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive study on the single‐bolt single‐shear (SBSS) and double‐bolt single‐shear (DBSS) lap joint performance of resin‐infused thermoplastic 3D fiber‐reinforced composite (FRC) in on‐axis ( and ) and off‐axis () configurations. The bearing performance and failure mechanisms are compared with thermoset 3D‐FRC. The resin‐infused thermoplastic 3D‐FRC bolted joint shows improved bearing performance in terms of higher ultimate bearing strength, stiffness loss strength, and reduced damage severity than its thermoset counterpart. Additionally, this paper presents a detailed study on the intermediate and final failure mechanisms, obtained from scanning electron microscopy of the interrupted and ultimate bearing tests, to understand damage progression in SBSS and BDSS lap joints at the submicron level. The major damage characteristics of a thermoplastic 3D‐FRC bolted joint include plastic deformation and plastic kinking at the hole front tip, which improve the bearing capacity and reduce stress concentration, damage severity, and its deleterious effects.Highlights
Single‐bolt and double‐bolt joint performances of 3D woven composites
Failure investigation of different joint configurations and fiber orientations
Effect of matrix toughness on the bearing performance of 3D woven composites
Progressive damage development and failure modes of 3D woven composite joints.
Impact damage assessment in laminated composites using acoustic emission and finite element methods
Authors: Saeedifar Milad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to quantify impact damage in laminated composites using acoustic emission (AE) and to verify the AE results with finite element (FE) method. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite specimens were subjected to quasi‐static out‐of‐plane indentation loading. A procedure, including feature extraction, feature selection, data dimensionality reduction, and data clustering using an evolutionary algorithm, that is, differential evolution (DE) optimization algorithm, was proposed to identify and quantify different damage mechanisms using AE. The AE results showed that the dominant damages were matrix cracking and delamination. For the quantitative evaluation of the AE results, the indentation test was simulated using the FE method. A FE model based on cohesive zone modeling and continuum damage mechanics was implemented to predict interlaminar and intralaminar damages. The quantity of the damaged elements associated with the matrix cracking and delamination was consistent with the AE results. This study showed the applicability of the AE for impact damage identification and quantification in composite structures.Highlights
Indentation damage in CFRP is experimentally quantified using the AE method.
The DE algorithm is used to cluster the AE data.
CZM and CDM are used to numerically model the damage.
The AE clustering results are compared with the numerical results.
Examining individual and contextual factors that contribute to early childhood teachers' well‐being
Authors: Stone Katie J. , Rancher Caitlin , Davies Faraday , Schnake Kerrie , Moreland Angela D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPromoting teachers' well‐being through interventions within childcare environments has been associated with children's social‐emotional development, teacher behaviors, and job‐related factors. The current study aimed to examine whether individual and contextual factors differentially impacted well‐being outcomes among teachers who participated in a well‐being program. Participants included 505 teachers who were enrolled in the program and completed pre‐ and post‐intervention questionnaires on well‐being outcomes (i.e., health motivation, physical activity, job stress, and resilience). Multilevel modeling estimated whether organizational, individual, and intervention‐related characteristics were associated with program outcomes. Exploratory analyses examined the interactive effect of Teacher race and teacher–coach racial match over time. Results from the three‐level model showed a significant change in study outcomes over time. Additionally, teacher race was associated with health motivation and resilience, such that Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) teachers reported greater improvements over time, compared to White teachers. Exploratory analyses showed a significant three‐way interaction, which indicated that White teachers who were paired with a Black coach were associated with improvements in health motivation over time. Importantly, baseline differences in health motivation and resilience among BIPOC and White teachers may explain the variance in the significant effects. Findings from the present study have important implications for practitioners disseminating teacher well‐being interventions in schools.
Myb‐like transcription factors have epistatic effects on circadian clock function but additive effects on plant growth
Authors: Hughes Cassandra L. , Harmer Stacey L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe functions of closely related Myb‐like repressor and Myb‐like activator proteins within the plant circadian oscillator have been well‐studied as separate groups, but the genetic interactions between them are less clear. We hypothesized that these repressors and activators would interact additively to regulate both circadian and growth phenotypes. We used CRISPR‐Cas9 to generate new mutant alleles and performed physiological and molecular characterization of plant mutants for five of these core Myb‐like clock factors compared with a repressor mutant and an activator mutant. We first examined circadian clock function in plants likely null for both the repressor proteins, CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) and LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY), and the activator proteins, REVEILLE 4 (RVE4), REVEILLE (RVE6), and REVEILLE (RVE8). The rve468 triple mutant has a long period and flowers late, while cca1 lhy rve468 quintuple mutants, similarly to cca1 lhy mutants, have poor circadian rhythms and flower early. This suggests that CCA1 and LHY are epistatic to RVE4, RVE6, and RVE8 for circadian clock and flowering time function. We next examined hypocotyl elongation and rosette leaf size in these mutants. The cca1 lhy rve468 mutants have growth phenotypes intermediate between cca1 lhy and rve468 mutants, suggesting that CCA1, LHY, RVE4, RVE6, and RVE8 interact additively to regulate growth. Together, our data suggest that these five Myb‐like factors interact differently in regulation of the circadian clock versus growth. More generally, the near‐norm al seedling phenotypes observed in the largely arrhythmic quintuple mutant demonstrate that circadian‐regulated output processes, like control of hypocotyl elongation, do not always depend upon rhythmic oscillator function.
Toughening of polypropylene by elastomer‐coated brominated polystyrene
Authors: Noh Kwanghae , Aplin Jeffrey T. , McCarney Jonathan , Mathur Rajeev S. , Stanley Carley S. , Sue Hung‐Jue 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBrominated polystyrene (BPS) is an effective additive for improving fire retardancy of polymers. However, BPS reduces impact strength due to its brittleness and poor compatibility with most polymer matrices. The present study aims at using BPS both as a flame retardant and as a toughening agent to improve polymer properties. Specifically, styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene (SEBS) elastomer was chosen as a compatibilizer to control dispersion and particle size of BPS in polypropylene (PP). By choosing appropriate type and amount of SEBS and proper processing parameters, it is found that both impact fracture toughness and fire retardancy of PP can be greatly enhanced. The impact fracture mechanisms responsible for the observed toughening effect is investigated. The usefulness of the above study for the preparation of multifunctional fire‐retardant particles for enhancing polymer properties is also discussed.
Effect of nivasorexant (ACT‐539313), a selective orexin‐1‐receptor antagonist, on multiple cytochrome P450 probe substrates in vitro and in vivo using a cocktail approach in healthy subjects
Authors: Berger Benjamin , Kaufmann Priska , Berse Matthias , Treiber Alexander , Grignaschi Nathalie , Dingemanse Jasper 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNivasorexant, a selective orexin‐1‐receptor antagonist, has recently been assessed in the treatment of humans with binge‐eating disorder. Herein, the inhibitory potential of nivasorexant on cytochromes P450 (CYPs) 2C9, 2C19, and 3A4 was evaluated. Human liver microsomes/recombinant CYP enzymes were evaluated in vitro. In vivo, a single‐center, open‐label, fixed‐sequence study was performed in healthy adults to explore the effect of 100 mg nivasorexant administered twice daily (b.i.d.) on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of flurbiprofen (50 mg, CYP2C9), omeprazole (20 mg, CYP2C19), midazolam (2 mg, CYP3A4) making use of a cocktail approach. Plasma PK sampling was performed over 24 h on Day 1 (Cocktail alone), 8 (Cocktail + nivasorexant), and 15 (Cocktail + nivasorexant at steady state). Genotyping of subjects' CYPs was performed while safety and tolerability were also assessed. In vitro, nivasorexant inhibited CYP2C9, 2C19, and 3A4 in competitive inhibition assays with IC50 values of 8.6, 1.6, and 19–44 μM, respectively, while showing a significant time‐dependent CYP2C19 inhibition. In 22 subjects, exposure to flurbiprofen, omeprazole, and midazolam was generally higher during concomitant single‐ (i.e., area under the plasma concentration–time curve [AUC] ratio increased by 1.04‐, 2.05‐, and 1.56‐fold, respectively) and repeated‐dose (i.e., AUC ratio increased by 1.47‐, 6.84‐, and 3.71‐fold, respectively) nivasorexant administration compared with the cocktail substrates administered alone. The most frequently reported adverse event was somnolence. According to regulatory guidance, nivasorexant is classified as a moderate CYP2C19 and weak CYP3A4 inhibitor after 1 day and as a weak CYP2C9, strong CYP2C19, and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor after 8 days of 100 mg b.i.d. administration. Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT05254548.