bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Optimal Energy Management Strategy for a Hybrid Train
Authors: Chang Rui , Liu Yang , Cao Yufeng , Liu Jianqiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe hybrid trains use hydrogen fuel cells and lithium-iron phosphate batteries as energy sources. The powertrain has the advantage of zero emissions and high energy efficiency due to optimizing the power distribution strategy and the recovery of braking energy. This paper proposes an energy management strategy based on the Dynamic Programming Algorithm (DPA) to optimize the power allocation of both power sources to guarantee the power performance of the train and achieve optimal operation at the cost. The method is based on a dynamic programming algorithm to determine the optimum output power of a hydrogen-fuelled engine. Based on the operating characteristics of the train and the characteristics of the respective power sources, the objective function and constraints are established, and the principles for selecting the parameters of the optimization algorithm are presented. Finally, as a driving condition, the train is operated on a specific line in a minimum time operation. The vehicle model and control strategy designed in Matlab/Simulink environment is jointly simulated and verified. Simulation results show that the proposed optimization strategy results in significant savings in hydrogen consumption for the hybrid train compared to the SOC equalization strategy and better meets the train power performance requirements.
H-Mg Bond Weakening Mechanism of Graphene-Based Single-Atom Catalysts on MgH2(110) Surface
Authors: Dong Shuai , Liu Hao , Liu Xinyuan , Li Chaoqun , Gao Zhengyang , Yang Weijie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSolid-state hydrogen storage is gradually becoming an effective way for the large-scale storage and transportation of hydrogen energy. Magnesium hydride (MgH2) has become a promising candidate among solid-state hydrogen storage materials due to its high hydrogen storage density, low cost and good safety. However, ambiguous H-Mg bond weakening mechanism of various catalysts on MgH2 hinders the development of novel catalysts for MgH2 dehydrogenation. To overcome this problem, we applied the model catalyst, single-atom catalyst with accurately characterizable coordination structure, to understand the interaction between catalyst and MgH2 surface through spin-polarized density-functional theory calculation. We constructed heterogeneous interface structures between single-atom catalysts and MgH2 surface including nine kinds of transition metal atoms. The interaction between single-atom catalysts and MgH2 surface has been well explored through bond length, electron localization function, charge density difference and crystal orbital Hamiltonian population, providing the intrinsic information of H-Mg bond weakening mechanism over single-atom catalysts. This work can establish the foundational guide for the design of novel dehydrogenation catalysts.
Global Trends in PEM Electrolyzer Research Based on Published Articles
Authors: Bai Ziwei , Li Jiahua , Deng Zhanfeng , Tan Hui , Li Lu , Xu Guizhi , Kang Wei , Liu Min 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs one of the representative new energy, hydrogen has received widely attention in recent years. PEM electrolyzer plays a central role in hydrogen production process. In this paper, 411 publications related to PEM electrolyzer collected from Web of Science released between 2005 and 2022 were analyzed through bibliometric to explore research hot-spots and future trends by analyzing publication and citation, countries and authors, journals and keywords. According to statistics and analysis, (1) Iran and Dincer Ibrahim were the most productive countries and authors, respectively. (2) International Journal of Hydrogen Energy was the mainly journal of PEM electrolyzer related publications. (3) Component and Hybrid System are likely to remain prominent areas of research in the foreseeable future. (4) Current hot-spots, such as Two Phase Flow and Hybrid System, may receive even more attention in the foreseeable future.
The Preparation of Iridium-Based Catalyst with Different Melting Point-Metal Nitrate and Its OER Performance in Acid Media
Authors: Deng Jiayao , Hu Xiao , Xu Guizhi , Deng Zhanfeng , Yang Lan , Chen Ding , Zhou Ming , Tian Boyuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the main factor limiting the large-scale development of proton-exchange membrane (PEM) hydrogen production. It is urgent to develop catalysts with excellent OER catalytic performance and stability. Herein, several Iridium-based catalysts were prepared by simple mixing and calcination, the OER properties of catalysts with different melting points of nitrates as calcinating additives were investigated. The RbNO3 treated catalyst displayed a low overpotential(η) of 297.6 mV versus RHE, which is lower than the catalyst calcinated without nitrate (323.8 mV vs. RHE). Moreover, the RbNO3 treated catalyst displayed good acid stability over 20 h Chronopotentiometric test. The high OER catalytic activity and stability of RbNO3 treated catalyst may be attribute to the smaller nanoparticle morphology, pure IrO2 structure and high electrochemical surface area (ECSA), which increase the number of active sites and the intrinsic catalytic activity. This work indicated that the catalyst with excellent OER performance can be obtained by selecting nitrate with moderate melting point as the calcinating additive. Nitrates (like RbNO3) treated catalyst with excellent catalytic activity and stability has good application prospect in hydrogen production of PEM water splitting.
Holographic complexity of rotating quantum black holes
Authors: Chen Bin , Liu Yuefeng , Yu Boyang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study holographic complexity for the rotating quantum BTZ black holes (quBTZ), the BTZ black holes with corrections from bulk quantum fields. Using double holography, the combined system of backreacted rotating BTZ black holes with conformal matters, can be holographically described by the rotating AdS4 C-metric with the BTZ black hole living on a codimension-1 brane. We investigate both volume complexity and action complexity of rotating quBTZ, and pay special attention to their late-time behaviors. When the mass of BTZ black hole is not very small compared to $$ {g}_{\textrm{eff}}^{2/3}/{G}_3 $$

g
eff

2
/
3

/

G
3

and the rotation is not very slow compared to parameter ℓ, where geff as well as ℓ both characterize the backreaction of quantum fields and G3 is the 3D Newton constant, we show that the late-time rates of the volume complexity and the action complexity agree with each other up to a factor 2 and reduce to the ones of BTZ at the leading classical order, and they both receive subleading quantum corrections. For the volume complexity, the leading quantum correction comes from the backreaction of conformal matter on the geometry, similar to the static quBTZ case. For the action complexity, unlike the static case, the Wheeler-de Witt (WdW) patch in computing the action complexity for the rotating black hole does not touch the black hole singularity such that the leading order result is in good match with the one of classical BTZ. However, when the mass of BTZ black hole is small compared to $$ {g}_{\textrm{eff}}^{2/3}/{G}_3 $$

g
eff

2
/
3

/

G
3

or the rotation parameter a is small compared to ℓ, the quantum correction to the action complexity could be significant such that the late-time slope of the action complexity of quBTZ deviates very much from the one of classical BTZ. Remarkably, we notice that the nonrotating limit a → 0 is singular and the action complexity of the static quBTZ black holes cannot be reproduced by taking the nonrotating limit a → 0 on the one of the rotating black holes. This discontinuity also appears in higher dimensional rotating black holes, such as Kerr-AdS4 black hole and rotating AdS5 black hole.
Dark photon production via elastic proton bremsstrahlung with non-zero momentum transfer
Authors: Gorbunov D. , Kriukova E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We explore hypothetical vector particles, dark photons γ′, which mix with the Standard Model photons and thus mediate interactions with charged particles into the hidden sector. We study the elastic proton bremsstrahlung of dark photons with masses 0.4–1.8 GeV, relevant for direct searches with proton accelerators. A key feature of our calculation is that it explicitly considers the non-zero momentum transfer between protons in the process pp → ppγ′. We compare the obtained differential and full bremsstrahlung cross sections with the results of other authors. Our calculation agrees well (up to 3–9% corrections) with the Weizsacker-Williams approximation that confirms its applicability for proton beams. Then we refine predictions for the dark photon production with proton beams of energy 30 GeV, 70 GeV, 120 GeV and 400 GeV relevant for past, present and future experiments considered in literature.
Renormalization scheme factorization of one-loop Fierz identities
Authors: Aebischer Jason , Pesut Marko , Polonsky Zachary 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a proof of the factorization of renormalization scheme in one-loop-corrected Fierz identities. This scheme factorization facilitates the simultaneous transformation of operator basis and renormalization scheme using only relations between physical operators; the evanescent operators in the respective bases may be chosen entirely independently of each other. The relations between evanescent operators in the two bases is automatically accounted for by the corrected Fierz identities. We illustrate the utility of this result with a two-loop anomalous dimension matrix computation using the Naive-Dimensional Regularization scheme, which is then transformed via one-loop Fierz identities to the known result in the literature given in a different basis and calculated in the Larin scheme. Additionally, we reproduce results from the literature of basis transformations involving the rotation of evanescent operators into the physical basis using our method, without the need to explicitly compute one-loop matrix elements of evanescent operators.
Scattering of compact kinks
Authors: Hahne F. M. , Klimas P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the scattering processes of kink-antikink and kink-kink pairs in a field theory model with non-differentiable potential at its minima. The kink-antikink scattering includes cases of capture and escape of the soliton pair separated by a critical velocity, without windows of multi bounce followed by escape. Around the critical velocity, the behavior is fractal. The emission of radiation strongly influences the small velocity cases, with the most radiative cases being also the most chaotic. The radiation appears through the emission of compact oscillons and the formation of compact shockwaves. The kink-kink scattering happens elastically, with no emission of radiation. Some features of both the kink-antikink and the kink-kink scattering are explained using a collective coordinate model, even though the kink-kink case exhibits a null-vector problem.
Intracellular calcium links milk stasis to lysosome-dependent cell death during early mammary gland involution
Authors: Jeong Jaekwang , Lee Jongwon , Talaia Gabriel , Kim Wonnam , Song Junho , Hong Juhyeon , Yoo Kwangmin , Gonzalez David G. , Athonvarangkul Diana , Shin Jaehun , Dann Pamela , Haberman Ann M. , Kim Lark Kyun , Ferguson Shawn M. , Choi Jungmin , Wysolmerski John 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInvolution of the mammary gland after lactation is a dramatic example of coordinated cell death. Weaning causes distension of the alveolar structures due to the accumulation of milk, which, in turn, activates STAT3 and initiates a caspase-independent but lysosome-dependent cell death (LDCD) pathway. Although the importance of STAT3 and LDCD in early mammary involution is well established, it has not been entirely clear how milk stasis activates STAT3. In this report, we demonstrate that protein levels of the PMCA2 calcium pump are significantly downregulated within 2–4 h of experimental milk stasis. Reductions in PMCA2 expression correlate with an increase in cytoplasmic calcium in vivo as measured by multiphoton intravital imaging of GCaMP6f fluorescence. These events occur concomitant with the appearance of nuclear pSTAT3 expression but prior to significant activation of LDCD or its previously implicated mediators such as LIF, IL6, and TGFβ3, all of which appear to be upregulated by increased intracellular calcium. We further demonstrate that increased intracellular calcium activates STAT3 by inducing degradation of its negative regulator, SOCS3. We also observed that milk stasis, loss of PMCA2 expression and increased intracellular calcium levels activate TFEB, an important regulator of lysosome biogenesis through a process involving inhibition of CDK4/6 and cell cycle progression. In summary, these data suggest that intracellular calcium serves as an important proximal biochemical signal linking milk stasis to STAT3 activation, increased lysosomal biogenesis, and lysosome-mediated cell death.
Epigenetic repression of CHCHD2 enhances survival from single cell dissociation through attenuated Rho A kinase activity
Authors: Kim Jumee , Kwon Eun-Ji , Kim Yun-Jeong , Kim Dayeon , Shin Yoon-Ze , Gil Dayeon , Kim Jung-Hyun , Shin Hyoung Doo , Kim Lyoung Hyo , Lee Mi-Ok , Go Young-Hyun , Cha Hyuk-Jin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDuring in vitro culture, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) often acquire survival advantages characterized by decreased susceptibility to mitochondrial cell death, known as “culture adaptation.” This adaptation is associated with genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, including TP53 mutations, copy number variations, trisomy, and methylation changes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying this acquired survival advantage is crucial for safe hPSC-based cell therapies. Through transcriptome and methylome analysis, we discovered that the epigenetic repression of CHCHD2, a mitochondrial protein, is a common occurrence during in vitro culture using enzymatic dissociation. We confirmed this finding through genetic perturbation and reconstitution experiments in normal human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Loss of CHCHD2 expression conferred resistance to single cell dissociation-induced cell death, a common stress encountered during in vitro culture. Importantly, we found that the downregulation of CHCHD2 significantly attenuates the activity of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), which is responsible for inducing single cell death in hESCs. This suggests that hESCs may survive routine enzyme-based cell dissociation by downregulating CHCHD2 and thereby attenuating ROCK activity. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms by which hPSCs acquire survival advantages and adapt to in vitro culture conditions.
Die Anwendung von Real-world-Evidenz in Entscheidungsprozessen der Arzneimittelregulation
Authors: Wicherski Julia , Haenisch Britta 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Arzneimittelregulation ist ein System zur Förderung und zum Schutz der öffentlichen Gesundheit. Auf dem Markt erhältliche Arzneimittel müssen wirksam, sicher und qualitativ hochwertig sein. Dafür werden von den zuständigen Behörden Entscheidungen auf wissenschaftlicher Basis getroffen. Real-world-Evidenz (RWE) aus Real-world-Daten (RWD) findet bisher überwiegend unterstützende Berücksichtigung bei den Entscheidungsfindungen hinsichtlich der Sicherheit des Arzneimittels nach der Zulassung. Das umfängliche Potenzial von RWE für regulatorische Entscheidungsprozesse entlang des gesamten Produktlebenszyklus wird seit wenigen Jahren zunehmend genutzt und weiter erforscht.Dieser Beitrag bietet einen Überblick zu aktuellen Anwendungen von RWE in arzneimittelregulatorischen Entscheidungsprozessen. Die diesbezüglichen Potenziale von RWE entlang der zu adressierenden Hürden werden beschrieben sowie Beispiele für aktuelle Projekte zur RWE-Forschung für die Arzneimittelregulation gegeben. Die Arbeit basiert auf aktueller internationaler Literatur sowie Beispielen aus internationalen und europäischen Initiativen und der aktuellen regulatorischen Praxis, die die zunehmende Anwendung von RWD/RWE in regulatorischen Entscheidungsprozessen unterstützen sollen. Um das Potenzial von RWE zukünftig noch besser nutzen zu können, gilt es, durch Forschungsprojekte und Initiativen relevante RWD-Quellen besser verfügbar zu machen, auswertende Methoden weiterzuentwickeln und den Stellenwert von RWE zu etablieren.
Combination of nivolumab with standard induction chemotherapy in children and adults with EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Römer Tristan , Vokuhl Christian , Staatz Gundula , Mottaghy Felix M. , Christiansen Hans , Eble Michael J. , Timmermann Beate , Klussmann Jens Peter , Elbracht Miriam , Calaminus Gabriele , Zimmermann Martin , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Feuchtinger Tobias , Kerp Helena , Kontny Udo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Treatment of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with cisplatin/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) induction chemotherapy, followed by radiochemotherapy and subsequent interferon‑β, has yielded high survival rates in children, adolescents, and young adults. A previous study has shown that reduction of radiation dose from 59.4 to 54.0 Gy appears to be safe in patients with complete response (CR) to induction chemotherapy. As immune checkpoint-inhibitors have shown activity in NPC, we hypothesize that the addition of nivolumab to standard induction chemotherapy would increase the rate of complete tumor responses, thus allowing for a reduced radiation dose in a greater proportion of patients.

Methods
This is a prospective multicenter phase 2 clinical trial including pediatric and adult patients with their first diagnosis of EBV-positive NPC, scheduled to receive nivolumab in addition to standard induction chemotherapy. In cases of non-response to induction therapy (stable or progressive disease), and in patients with initial distant metastasis, treatment with nivolumab will be continued during radiochemotherapy. Primary endpoint is tumor response on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) after three cycles of induction chemotherapy. Secondary endpoints are event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS), safety, and correlation of tumor response with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression.

Discussion
As cure rates in localized EBV-positive NPC today are high with standard multimodal treatment, the focus increasingly shifts toward prevention of late effects, the burden of which is exceptionally high, mainly due to intense radiotherapy. Furthermore, survival in patients with metastatic disease and resistant to conventional chemotherapy remains poor. Primary objective of this study is to investigate whether the addition of nivolumab to standard induction chemotherapy in children and adults with EBV-positive NPC is able to increase the rate of complete responses, thus enabling a reduction in radiation dose in more patients, but also offer patients with high risk of treatment failure the chance to benefit from the addition of nivolumab.

Trial registration
EudraCT (European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials Database) No. 2021-006477-32.
Assessing the potential of genetic resource introduction into elite germplasm: a collaborative multiparental population for flint maize
Authors: Sanchez Dimitri , Allier Antoine , Ben Sadoun Sarah , Mary-Huard Tristan , Bauland Cyril , Palaffre Carine , Lagardère Bernard , Madur Delphine , Combes Valérie , Melkior Stéphane , Bettinger Laurent , Murigneux Alain , Moreau Laurence , Charcosset Alain 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Key message
Implementing a collaborative pre-breeding multi-parental population efficiently identifies promising donor x elite pairs to enrich the flint maize elite germplasm.

Abstract
Genetic diversity is crucial for maintaining genetic gains and ensuring breeding programs’ long-term success. In a closed breeding program, selection inevitably leads to a loss of genetic diversity. While managing diversity can delay this loss, introducing external sources of diversity is necessary to bring back favorable genetic variation. Genetic resources exhibit greater diversity than elite materials, but their lower performance levels hinder their use. This is the case for European flint maize, for which elite germplasm has incorporated only a limited portion of the diversity available in landraces. To enrich the diversity of this elite genetic pool, we established an original cooperative maize bridging population that involves crosses between private elite materials and diversity donors to create improved genotypes that will facilitate the incorporation of original favorable variations. Twenty donor × elite BC1S2 families were created and phenotyped for hybrid value for yield related traits. Crosses showed contrasted means and variances and therefore contrasted potential in terms of selection as measured by their usefulness criterion (UC). Average expected mean performance gain over the initial elite material was 5%. The most promising donor for each elite line was identified. Results also suggest that one more generation, i.e., 3 in total, of crossing to the elite is required to fully exploit the potential of a donor. Altogether, our results support the usefulness of incorporating genetic resources into elite flint maize. They call for further effort to create fixed diversity donors and identify those most suitable for each elite program.