bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of ROS and KEAP1 related genes and verified targets of α-hederin induce cell death for CRC
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhu Zhi-Min , Wang Kun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, we analyzed and verified Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in ROS and KEAP1 crosstalk in oncogenic signatures using GEO datasets (GSE4107, GSE41328). Multiple pathway enrichment analyses were finished based on DEGs. The genetic signature for colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD) was identified by using the Cox regression analysis. Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to explore the prognosis value of specific genes in COAD. The potential immune signatures and drug sensitivity prediction were also analyzed. Promising small-molecule agents were identified and predicted targets of α-hederin in SuperPred was validated by molecular docking. Also, expression levels of genes and Western blot analysis were conducted. In total, 48 genes were identified as DEGs, and the hub genes such as COL1A1, CXCL12, COL1A2, FN1, CAV1, TIMP3, IGFBP7 were identified. The ROS and KEAP1-associated gene signature comprised of hub key genes were developed for predicting the prognosis and evaluating the immune cell responses and immune infiltration in COAD. α-hederin, a potential anti-CRC agent, was found to enhance the sensitivity of HCT116 cells, regulate CAV1 and COL1A1, and decrease KEAP1, Nrf2, and HO-1 expression significantly. KEAP1-related genes could be an essential mediator of ROS in CRC, and KEAP1-associated genes were effective in predicting prognosis and evaluating individualized CRC treatment. Therefore, α-hederin may be an effective chemosensitizer for CRC treatments in clinical settings.
SIMBA for Students – teaching medical cases to pre-clinical medical and pharmacy students through online simulation: a pilot study
Authors: Swaminathan Aditya , Zhou Dengyi , Allison Isabel , Ogiliev Tamzin , Rezai Fatema , Morgan Georgia , Sheikh Haaziq , Abdelhameed Farah , Kaur Harjeet , Yip Alice , Cooper Catherine , Davitadze Meri , Melson Eka , Foster Paul A. , Dhir Vivek , team SIMBA and CoMICs , Kempegowda Punith 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Simulation-based learning (SBL) is superior to Small-group teaching (SGT) in training adaptability, situation awareness, critical assessment, and management. Simulation via Instant Messaging - Birmingham Advance (SIMBA) is a novel SBL approach that improves healthcare professionals’ applied learning skills. We adapted the SIMBA as a learning model for undergraduate medicine and pharmacy students. The performance and acceptance of SIMBA was compared to SGT.
Methods
SIMBA followed Kern et al.’s six-step conceptual framework and blended elements of the simulation game with Kolb’s experiential learning theory. All SIMBA and SGT sessions conducted for pre-clinical medical and pharmacy students from October 2020 to March 2022 were included. Knowledge gain and students’ acceptance of SIMBA and SGT were measured through multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and post-session surveys. The median MCQ score was compared between groups using Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Results
130 students attended 14 SIMBA sessions. After attending SGT sessions corresponding to SIMBA sessions, 150 students responded to post-SGT survey. Of these, 38 attended both SIMBA and SGT. Post-SIMBA MCQ scores were higher than post-SGT only (median: 75.0% vs 60.0%, p < .0001). MCQ scores were similar between those who attended only SIMBA and both SIMBA and SGT (75.0% vs 63.3%, p = .0731). Students reported SIMBA sessions were more enjoyable (89.2%), easier to follow (90.8%), engaging and interactive (81.5%), promoted new knowledge (90.0%), and provided a deeper understanding (93.9%) compared to SGT.
Conclusions
SIMBA demonstrated superiority over SGT for teaching endocrinology to pre-clinical medical and pharmacy students, offering advantages such as enhanced knowledge acquisition, engagement, and interaction.
Antimalaria Activity of Caffeine, Orally Administered with a Lipid-Based Formulation in a Murine Model
Authors: Fadare Olatomide A. , Omisore Nusrat O. , Fadare Racheal Y. , Oduwale Adelanke I. , Awofisayo Oladoja , Ogundolie Frank A. , Salaria Deeksha , Rolta Rajan , Adesanwo Julius K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite Caffeine being known essentially for its psychoactive properties, an attempt was made in this study to investigate its potential antimalarial activity considering that it’s an alkaloid and that the malaria parasite is a purine auxotroph. In the baseline experiment, caffeine was administered at three doses (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) once daily in suppressive and curative models. The observed chemosuppression activity was comparable to that of chloroquine (CQ) in both experiments. In the baseline suppressive experiment, a chemosuppression of 70.39% for CQ (at 10 mg/kg) was observed, while caffeine had 78.90%, 80.73% and 81.95% at the respective doses. However, the survival index estimated based on the rate of survival of the experimental animals for 28 days post infection, was very low (the same trend was observed in the baseline curative experiment). This initial result showed that caffeine had potential as an antimalarial agent relative to the standard drug, chloroquin, and the lipid-based formulation must have played a role in ensuring that the caffeine had enhanced bioavailability. A follow-up experiment was conducted in which the caffeine was administered twice daily (at 20 mg/kg) in suppressive and curative experiments. The observed chemosuppression in the suppressive test (with twice daily administration), showed that caffeine at 20 mg/kg had similar antiplasmodial activity with chloroquine (10 mg/kg). Both had chemosuppression of 53.6% and 54.36% respectively and a survival index of 100% was recorded for both compounds. The curative experiment that followed (also with twice daily administration) further showed that caffeine compares favourably with chloroquine. Caffeine exhibited 45.92%, 72.00%, 69.87% chemosuppression as compared to chloroquine with 20.97%, 65.64%, 60.95% for 3, 5 and 7 days of treatment respectively. Caffeine’s survival index was very high and much better than what was observed in the once daily administration experiment. A survival index of 93% was observed in the twice daily administration curative experiment against the 53% survival index observed in the once daily curative experiment. It is assumed that apart from the fact that the lipid-based oral delivery system ensured that the caffeine was effectively absorbed, bypassing liver first-pass, the twice daily administration also helped to sustain large concentrations of the caffeine in the blood to offset the rapid clearance that caffeine is known for.
Association between miR-17-92 gene promoter polymorphisms and depression in a Chinese population
Authors: Liang Peng , Yang Xue , Li Yue , Wang Ziling , Liang Yundan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Depression is a common chronic debilitating disease with a heavy social burden. single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can affect the function of microRNAs (miRNAs), which is in turn associated with neurological diseases. However, the association between SNPs located in the promoter region of miR-17-92 and the risk of depression remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the association between rs982873, rs9588884 and rs1813389 polymorphisms in the promoter region of miR-17-92 and the incidence of depression in a Chinese population.
Methods
we used GWAS (Genome-wide association study) and NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) to screen three SNPs in the miR-17-92 cluster binding sites. A case-control study (including 555 cases and 541 controls) was conducted to investigate the relationship between the SNPs and risk of depression in different regions of China. The gene sequencing ii was used to genotype the collected blood samples.
Results
the following genotypes were significantly associated with a reduced risk of depression: rs982873 TC (TC vs TT: OR = 0.72, 95% CI, 0.54–0.96, P = 0.024; TC/CC vs TT: OR = 0.74, 95% Cl, 0.56–0.96, P = 0.025); CG genotype of rs9588884 (CG vs CC: OR = 0.74, 95% CI, 0.55–0.98, P = 0.033; CG/GG vs CC: OR = 0.75, 95% Cl, 0.57–0.98, P = 0.036); and AG genotype of rs1813389 (AG vs AA: OR = 0.75, 95% CI, 0.57-1.00, P = 0.049; AG/GG vs AA: OR = 0.76, 95% Cl, 0.59-1.00, P = 0.047). Stratified analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the three SNPS and variables such as family history of suicidal tendency (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
our findings suggest that rs982873, rs9588884, and rs1813389 polymorphisms may be associated with protective factors for depression.
SARS-CoV-2 may play a direct role in the pathogenesis of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) associated with COVID-19: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Li-Shen , Wang Zhi-Han , Huang Rui , Li Wei-Shuai , Zheng Dong-Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: During the past three years of the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 has been recognized to cause various neurological complications, including rare posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). However, it remains controversial whether infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or widely coexisting known factors of PRES such as hypertension, acute kidney injury, and the use of immunosuppressants in COVID-19 patients play the main role in the pathogenesis of PRES associated with COVID-19.
Case presentation: Here we report a case of PRES in an 18-year-old female with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection who had no known factors related to PRES. We also conducted a literature search using PubMed for similar cases of PRES associated with COVID-19 and summarized the clinical characteristics of these patients.
Conclusions: These cases strongly suggest that among the numerous factors that may trigger PRES in COVID-19, the infection itself may be one of the core factors.
Early morning anopheline mosquito biting, a potential driver of malaria transmission in Busia County, western Kenya Investigators
Authors: Odero Julius I. , Abong’o Bernard , Moshi Vincent , Ekodir Sheila , Harvey Steven A. , Ochomo Eric , Gimnig John E. , Achee Nicole L. , Grieco John P. , Oria Prisca A. , Monroe April 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction. Insecticide treated nets (ITNs) contributed significantly to the decline in malaria since 2000. Their protective efficacy depends not only on access, use, and net integrity, but also location of people within the home environment and mosquito biting profiles. Anopheline mosquito biting and human location data were integrated to identify potential gaps in protection and better understand malaria transmission dynamics in Busia County, western Kenya.
Methodology. Direct observation of human activities and human landing catches (HLC) were performed hourly between 1700 to 0700 hrs. Household members were recorded as home or away; and, if at home, as indoors/outdoors, awake/asleep, and under a net or not. Aggregated data was analyzed by weighting hourly anopheline biting activity with human location. Standard indicators of human-vector interaction were calculated using a Microsoft Excel template.
Results. There was no significant difference between indoor and outdoor biting for An. gambiae s.l. (RR = 0.82; 95% CI 0.65-1.03); significantly fewer An. funestus were captured outdoors than indoors (RR= 0.41; 95% CI 0.25-0.66). Biting peaked before dawn and extended into early morning hours when people began to awake and perform routine activities, between 0400-0700 hrs for An. gambiaeand 0300-0700 hrs for An. funestus. The study population away from home peaked at 1700-1800 hrs (58%), gradually decreased and remained constant at 10% throughout the night, before rising again to 40% by 0600-0700 hrs. When accounting for resident location, nearly all bites within the peri-domestic space occurred indoors for unprotected people (98%). Using an ITN while sleeping was estimated to prevent 79% and 82% of bites for An. gambiae and An. funestus respectively. For an ITN user, most remaining exposure to bites occurred indoors in the hours before bed and early morning.
Conclusion. While use of an ITN was estimated to prevent most vector bites in this context, results suggest gaps in protection, particularly in the early hours of the morning when biting peaks and many people are awake and active. Assessment of additional human exposure points, including outside of the peri-domestic setting, are needed to guide supplementary interventions for transmission reduction.
MRI based semi-quantitative scoring system analysis of thigh muscles in patients with VCP disease
Authors: Columbres Rod Carlo A. , Yu Hon J. , Horiuchi Saya , Tang Bryan , Chin Yue , Gargus Mathew , Surampalli Abhilasha , Caiozzo Vincent J. , Yoshioka Hiroshi , Kimonis Virginia E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Inclusion body myopathy with Paget’s disease and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD) or VCP disease or multisystem proteinopathy-1 (MSP1), is a rare disease caused by mutations in the valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene that commonly manifests as proximal myopathy. We investigated the value of a 5-grade semi-quantitative scoring system based on MRI for studying myopathy progression in VCP disease. Among the subjects, twelve (60%) had varying degrees of VCP disease, two (10%) were asymptomatic carriers, and six (30%) were healthy first-degree relatives who served as controls for the VCP patients. The mean age of myopathy onset was 39.9 years (range: 25–51) while the mean myopathy duration at enrollment was 10.4 years (range: 3–31). We found that the vastii, sartorius, and adductor magnus muscles in VCP disease patients demonstrated a significantly higher fatty infiltration, whereas the adductor longus and rectus femoris muscles were relatively spared. Moreover, we observed a one-grade increase in fatty infiltration with each ten-year increase in disease duration. Our study shows that the semi-quantitative method based on MRI offers a rapid and non-invasive approach to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of VCP disease and can be utilized to monitor disease progression effectively.
Lung-derived soluble factors support stemness/plasticity and metastatic behaviour of breast cancer cells via the FGF2-DACH1 axis
Authors: Bhat Vasudeva , Piaseczny Matthew , Goodale David , Sadri Ashkan , Patel Urvi , Allan Alison. L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have an increased propensity to develop lung metastasis. Our previous studies demonstrated that stem-like ALDHhiCD44+ breast cancer cells interact with lung-derived soluble factors, resulting in enhanced migration and lung metastasis particularly in TNBC models. We have also observed that the presence of a primary TNBC tumor can ‘prime’ the lung microenvironment in preparation for metastasis. In this study, we hypothesized that soluble lung-derived factors secreted in the presence of a primary TNBC tumor can influence stemness/plasticity of breast cancer cells. Using an ex vivo pulmonary metastasis assay (PuMA), we observed that the lung microenvironment supports colonization and growth of ALDHhiCD44+ TNBC cells, potentially via interactions with lung-derived FGF2. Exposure of TNBC cells to lung-conditioned media (LCM) generated from mice bearing TNBC primary tumors (tbLCM) significantly enhanced the proportion of ALDHhiCD44+ cells compared to control or LCM from tumor-naïve mice (tnLCM). Further analysis using a human cancer stem cell qPCR array revealed that, relative to tnLCM or control, exposure of TNBC cells to tbLCM leads to downregulation of the transcription factor and putative tumor suppressor Dachshund homolog 1 (DACH1), a downstream regulator of FGF2. In addition, inhibition of DACH1 using siRNA or treatment with recombinant FGF2 enhanced the ALDHhiCD44+ phenotype. Taken together, our findings suggest that the FGF2-DACH1 signaling axis supports stemness/plasticity of TNBC cells in the lung microenvironment and lays the foundation for future evaluation of FGF2 as a potential novel therapeutic target for treatment or prevention of breast cancer metastasis to the lung.
Robust Humanoid Robot Vehicle Ingress with A Finite State Machine Integrated with Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wang Chenzheng , Chen Xuechao , Yu Zhangguo , Dong Yue , Chen Kehong , Gergondet Pierre 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Ingress task is crucial in a humanoid robot's attempt to drive a land vehicle and reach its destination fast. Previous work is inefficient in granting robots the ability to enter a vehicle from random starting position and orientation or withstand elasticity in vehicles, which are both hard to model. Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) could be introduced to address these issues. Previous applications of DRL in humanoid control tend to use consistent reward terms for the whole control process, which is not suitable for the ingress task with many distinctive states.

This letter proposes a novel Finite State Machine control method integrated with Deep Reinforcement Learning for the humanoid ingress task. It collects the robot's status at the end of each state and immediately adjusts its next move. It has 97 percent ingress success rate with random initial displacement and vehicle elasticity in simulation.
A new attempt at full-scale jump connectivity and Transformer
Authors: yin luyan , chen haijun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In this research, we introduce SwinUnet3+, a pioneering algorithm that integrates Unet with Transformer, to facilitate the automatic segmentation of three primary tissues—subcutaneous fat layer, muscle, and intramuscular fat—in the thoracoabdominal region under challenging conditions, including subcutaneous soft tissue swelling, gas accumulation, artifacts, and fistulas. Our model showcases superior performance in body composition segmentation tasks, with improvements in DSC, IoU, sensitivity, and positive predictive value by 3.2%, 6.05%, 4.03%, and 2.34%, respectively. Notably, in segmenting subcutaneous fat, intramuscular fat, and muscle, SwinUnet3 + yielded the best outcomes. However, the model does exhibit certain limitations, such as a reliance on vast amounts of training data and potential challenges in handling certain image types. Additionally, high-resolution images may pose computational efficiency concerns. In conclusion, while SwinUnet3 + offers considerable advantages in complex medical image segmentation tasks, its limitations warrant acknowledgment. Future research will focus on addressing these challenges and enhancing the model's robustness and generalization capabilities.
A Systematic Review of the Factors Influencing the Risky Behaviors of Syrian Forced Migrant Children and Adolescents in Turkey.
Authors: Arifoglu Ahmed Taha , ARTAN Taner 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The present study aimed to systematically review and synthesize research investigating the risky behaviors of Syrian children living in Turkey. The study was conducted through a systematic review of articles published in the Scopus database between 2011 and the present day, and met the STROBE reporting criteria. The inclusion criteria for studies in the systematic review were established, and studies that focused on Syrian-origin forced migrant child-adolescents aged 7–18 years and investigated risky behaviors without a clinical diagnosis and treatment purpose were included. Four studies with 32 citations and a sample of 790 children were examined. The study revealed issues in measuring risky behaviors in studies on this topic, primarily involving studies that define risky behaviors as emotional and behavioral problems and studies that examine or correlate these behaviors with psychiatric, psychological, socio-demographic, and acculturative factors. The study concluded that there are numerous factors influencing risky behaviors, including those related to traumatic life events due to war, psychopathology, acculturation-related factors, and socio-demographic factors. The most significant finding highlighted in the study is the need for methodological improvements and context-specific studies to be repeated in future research, to ensure statistical generalizability and clinical implications in research on this subject.
Arylsulfatases and neuraminidases modulate engagement of CCR5 by chemokines by removing key electrostatic interactions
Authors: Pinheiro Inês , Calo Nicolas , Paolini-Bertrand Marianne , Hartley Oliver 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The chemokine receptor CCR5 is known to exist in cell surface subpopulations that differ in their capacity to engage ligands. One proposed explanation for this phenomenon is the presence of CCR5 species with different levels of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Tyrosine sulfation and O-glycan sialylation are PTMs that add negative charges to the extracellular domain of CCR5 and make strong contributions to chemokine binding but it is not known whether cellular mechanisms to control their levels exist. In this study we used a combination of sulfation-sensitive and sulfation-insensitive CCR5 ligands to show that the rate of turnover of CCR5 tyrosine sulfation is more rapid than the rate of turnover of the receptor itself. This suggests that the steady state level of CCR5 sulfation is maintained through the combination of tyrosine protein sulfotransferase (TPST), the trans-Golgi network (TGN)-resident ‘source enzyme, and a ‘sink’ activity that removes tyrosine sulfation from CCR5. By measuring the effects on ligand binding of knockdown and overexpression experiments, we provided evidence that non-lysosomal cellular arylsulfatases, particularly ARSG, ARSI and ARSJ, are CCR5 sulfation ‘sink’ enzymes. We also used targeted knockdown and sialylation-sensitive and insensitive chemokines to identify the sialidase NEU3 as a candidate ‘sink’ enzyme for CCR5 O-glycan sialylation. This study provides the first experimental evidence of activity of sulfatase and sialidase ‘sink’ enzymes on CCR5, providing a potential mechanism for cells to control steady-state levels of these PTMs and thereby exert dynamic control over receptor-ligand interactions at the cell surface and during receptor desensitization.