bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Red Blood Corpuscle Indices versus Hemoglobin High-Performance Liquid Chromatography as a Screen for Hemoglobinopathies in Pregnant Women
Authors: Sengupta Arnab , Bhatia Jasvinder Kaur , Singh Jasdeep , Agarwal Manisha , Singh Brajesh , Bhatia Ravjot Singh 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Beta-thalassemia plagues India and thalassemia screening of pregnant women is crucial. Hemoglobin (Hb) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Hb-HPLC) is the gold standard, however in distant places it is rarely an option. While data on the use of red blood cell (RBC) indices to screen pregnant women for thalassemia trait is still developing, a sensitive and specific RBC index is needed to test for beta thalassemia. In service situations, these affordable indices may be useful without HPLC.

Objective:
We aimed to determine the role of red blood corpuscle indices as a screening tool to differentiate between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and hemoglobinopathies in pregnant women and to find out the most sensitive and the most specific index.

Methods:
With ethical approval, 500 patients were evaluated from February 2020 to August 2021. Complete blood Counts and peripheral blood smears were performed. Participants with microcytic hypochromic anemia were included. On these patients, the RBC indices (i) Shine and Lal, (ii) Mentzer’s index, (iii) red cell distribution width index, and (iv) Srivastava were calculated. Ferritin, iron, and total iron-binding capacity levels were also tested. Hb-HPLC was utilized as the gold standard. The Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare continuous variables between groups. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated for various metrics. A P < 0.05 was statistically significant.

Results:
Hb-HPLC showed 29 (5.8%) heterozygous beta thalassemia and 471 (94.2%) IDA. Based on the updated cutoff value (4.727), Srivastava Index was the best screening tool.

Conclusion:
RBC indices can distinguish IDA from beta thalassemia in pregnant women and are valuable screening tools in service settings.
Outcome of Single and Double Intrauterine Insemination Techniques in Infertility Cases
Authors: Sharma Arunav , Ali Mustajib , Sharma Rajesh 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Primary infertility is a serious condition that has a profound impact on the mental and physical health of the couple, and the condition forms a significant proportion of cases seeking treatment at gynecological centers across the world. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) forms the cornerstone in the management of most of such cases. However, there has been an ongoing debate regarding whether single IUI or double IUI: which is better. This randomized control trial aims at comparing the outcomes of both the techniques.

Materials and Methods:
In this randomized control trial, 150 couples having a valid indication for IUI were randomized into two groups. In the first group, single IUI was done at 36 h after human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) trigger, and in the second group, double IUI was done at 24 and 48 h post-HCG trigger. The outcome measured was pregnancy which was confirmed by urine pregnancy test done on the 18th day after IUI and later followed up till appearance of gestation sac with fetal pole on ultrasound. The Fisher’s exact test for statistical analysis was used to analyze the data for statistical significance.

Results:
In the single IUI cohort of 75 women, 11 tested positive for urine beta-HCG on day 18 and all had confirmed pregnancy (gestational sac with fetal pole). The pregnancy positivity rate for this cohort was 14.67% (11/75 × 100%). In the double IUI cohort of 75 women, 13 tested positive for urine beta-HCG on day 18 and all had confirmed pregnancy (gestational sac with fetal pole); the pregnancy positivity rate for this cohort was 17.33% (13/75 × 100%). Although the double IUI group had a higher yield of positive outcomes, the result was not statistically significant (statistic test value is 0.8242).

Conclusion:
The outcome of single versus double IUI is almost similar. In a resource-poor situation, it will be prudent to stick to single IUI in all cases requiring IUI. However, in a resource-rich situation, one might resort to double IUI in male factor abnormalities such as asthenozoospermia or borderline oligozoospermia.
Case Report: Leptospirosis Complicated by Persistent, Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Campbell Stuart , Stewart James , Quail Gavin , Withey Grant , Smith Simon , Hanson Josh 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT.
The clinical manifestations of leptospirosis range from mild to life-threatening and can impact on multiple organ systems. A wide array of neurological manifestations of leptospirosis have been reported, although the pathophysiology of neuroleptospirosis remains incompletely understood. We present a case of leptospirosis complicated by bilateral sensorineural deafness, with nodular meningitis demonstrated in the internal auditory meatus on magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was treated with doxycycline, ceftriaxone, systemic and topical steroids, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, with modest, but incomplete, improvement.
Clinical and Radiological End Points to Stop Anti-Tubercular Treatment in Central Nervous System Tuberculoma and Predictors of Poor Outcome: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Gupta Ankit , Paliwal Vimal Kumar , Bharatveer Swati , Mishra Prabhakar , Jain Neeraj 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT.
The clinical and radiological end points to stop anti-tubercular treatment in central nervous system (CNS) tuberculoma are not known. This retrospective study was done to determine end points to stop anti-tubercular treatment and find the predictors of poor outcome in patients with CNS tuberculoma. Patients who were admitted with a diagnosis of brain/spine tuberculoma between January 2015 and December 2019 and who completed a minimum of 1-year follow-up were enrolled. Clinical and radiological end points to stop anti-tubercular treatment and predictors of death and poor outcome (modified Rankin scale > 2) were analyzed. One hundred and eight patients (male-to-female ratio, 47 [43.5%]:61 [56.5%]; brain tuberculoma, 102; spinal cord tuberculoma, 14; brain and spinal cord tuberculoma, 8) were included in the study. Median duration of anti-tubercular treatment was 24 months. Radiological resolution of tuberculoma (resolution of gadolinium-enhancing lesion, gliosis, calcification, cord atrophy, or syrinx formation) and radiological halt (no increase in size/number of tuberculoma on magnetic resonance imaging scans done 6 months apart) were used as end points to stop anti-tubercular treatment in 69 and 7 patients, respectively. Seven patients stopped their treatment by themselves, and 25 patients died. Altered sensorium, motor weakness, infarcts, hydrocephalus, and constitutional symptoms of tuberculous meningitis were predictors of poor outcome or death in CNS tuberculoma patients. Radiological resolution or radiological halt of brain/spinal cord tuberculoma was a reasonable end point to stop anti-tubercular treatment. However, this may require 24 months or more of anti-tubercular treatment. Associated tuberculous meningitis and its complications portend a poor prognosis.
Surveillance and Genetic Analysis of Jamestown Canyon Virus in New York State: 2001–2022
Authors: Ngo Kiet A. , Maffei Joseph G. , Koetzner Cheri A. , Zink Steven D. , Payne Anne F. , Backenson P. Bryon , White Jennifer L. , Dupuis Alan P. , Kramer Laura D. , Ciota Alexander T. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT.
Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) (Peribunyavirdae; Orthobunyavirus) is a mosquito-borne pathogen endemic to North America. The genome is composed of three segmented negative-sense RNA fragments designated as small, medium, and large. Jamestown Canyon virus is an emerging threat to public health, and infection in humans can cause severe neurological diseases, including encephalitis and meningitis. We report JCV mosquito surveillance data from 2001 to 2022 in New York state. Jamestown Canyon virus was detected in 12 mosquito species, with the greatest prevalence in Aedes canadensis and Anopheles punctipennis. Detection fluctuated annually, with the highest levels recorded in 2020. Overall, JCV infection rates were significantly greater from 2012 to 2022 compared with 2001 to 2011. Full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were also performed with representative JCV isolates collected from 2003 to 2022. These data demonstrated the circulation of numerous genetic variants, broad geographic separation, and the first identification of lineage B JCV in New York state in 2022.
The effect of active gas aspiration to reduce pain after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Erdem Hasan , Gençtürk Mehmet , Çetinkünar Süleyman , Şişik Abdullah , Sözen Selim 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionResidual, intra-abdominal CO<sub>2</sub> contributes to abdominal distension and pain after laparoscopic surgery. Our aim was to investigate the effects of active gas aspiration on postoperative outcomes and pain following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.Material and methodsPatients were randomly assigned to either the active gas reduction group (Group 1, n = 69) or the control group (Group 2, n = 74). After completion of the operative procedures, residual gas was aspirated with a flexible cannula in Group 1. In Group 2, gas release from the abdomen was performed using the port site by opening the gas tap only. The demographic data, body mass index, educational status, operation time, insufflated CO<sub>2</sub> volume during the operation, and intraabdominal pressure were recorded. Postoperative pain assessment was performed using a numerical pain intensity scale (NPIS) at the 1st h, the 24th h, and the 3rd day.ResultsNPIS scores at the 24th h were significantly lower in Group 1 (p < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the NPIS scores following the 1st h and the 3rd day. No differences were found in the operation time (p > 0.05). According to the correlation analysis between the operation time and NPIS scores between the groups, in Group 1 the duration of surgery was significantly proportional to NPIS24. All patients were discharged from the hospital on the 4th postoperative day.ConclusionsActive aspiration of the remaining gas just before the removal of the trocars is a simple procedure that reduces pain, leading to a more comfortable hospital stay.
Currículo escolar quilombola: o contexto nas práticas pedagógicas decoloniais de professores em Poacê no nordeste paraense
Authors: Azevedo Ana D'Arc Martins de , Damasceno Thaila Cristina Barbosa , Fidalgo Maria Betânia de Carvalho 
Published: October 2023

Este artigo resulta de um trabalho de pesquisa realizado em 2021, feito pela segunda autora. Teve como problema: Como se dá a interrelação do currículo no contexto de práticas pedagógicas decoloniais na comunidade quilombola de Poacê/Jambuaçu/Moju/Pará? Como objetivo geral: Conhecer a interrelação do currículo no contexto de práticas pedagógicas decoloniais na comunidade quilombola de Poacê/Jambuaçu/Moju/Pará. E, como objetivos específicos: identificar o entendimento da comunidade sobre sua ancestralidade e saberes; analisar a relação entre a escola e a comunidade do Poacê, no fomento da cultura local; e revelar sobre currículo e práticas pedagógicas decoloniais locais. Alguns autores em destaque: CANDAU (2008), FLEURI (2003), MOREIRA (1990). Adotou-se o estudo de caso. Entrevistas com 11 participantes. A pesquisa considerou que Poacê é um espaço de saberes culturais, mas a escola, ainda de forma tímida, faz referência a esses saberes, o que gera um distanciamento do conhecimento popular, reforçando as ideias advindas da colonização.
Experience with direct-acting antivirals in genotype 1–5 infected chronic hepatitis C patients in Turkey
Authors: Sahin Ahmet , Akay Ozlem 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause chronic liver disease, hepatic cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplantation, and death. Early diagnosis and treatment are thus vital.

OBJECTIVES:
We aimed to investigate the sustained virological response (SVR) rates in chronic hepatitis C patients infected with different genotypes, receiving different direct-acting antiviral treatments (DAAs).

DESIGN:
Retrospective, observational

SETTING:
Clinic for infectious diseases and clinical microbiology

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C who applied to our outpatient clinic between January 2016 and November 2022 and were treated with a DAA were included in the study. Treatment responses were evaluated after each patient was treated with either ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF), LDV/SOF + ribavirin (RBV), SOF+RBV, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus dasabuvir (OBV/PTV/r±DSV) ±RBV, or glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Sustained virological response (SVR) rates at 12 weeks (SVR12) post-treatment.

SAMPLE SIZE:
360 patients.

RESULTS:

Of 360 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 218 (60.6%) were male and 142 (39.4%) were female with no statistically significant differences in SVR between sexes (
P
=.252). Nearly all had a SVR (n=353, 98.1%). The median (IQR) age of the patients was 56 (30.3) years. There were 42 (11.7%), 199 (55.3%), 4 (1.1%), 106 (29.4%), 8 (2.2%) and 1 (0.3%) patient with genotypes 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively, and SVR12 did not differ significantly between genotypes (
P
=.066). SVR12 response was higher in 246 (68.3%) non-injecting drug users compared to 114 (31.7%) injecting drug users (
P
=.005). The SVR12 response was achieved in 100% of patients with genotypes 1a, 2, 4, and 5. SVR12 response could not be obtained in 1 of 199 genotype 1b patients and 6 of 106 genotype 3 patients. The common feature of 6 reinfection patients with genotype 3 was that they were using intravenous drugs. These 6 patients were reinfected due to their continued intravenous drug use.

CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, DAAs provide high SVR12 rates in cirrhotic/non-cirrhotic, pegylated interferon-naive/experienced patient groups and in patients infected with all genotypes. DAAs have a high SVR12 rate in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

LIMITATIONS:
Retrospective, single-center.
Assessment of export potential and state of foreign food and agriculture trade in the world
Authors: Kovalenko Olga , Bokiy Olena , Rybak Yaroslav , Lysenko Hanna , Voznesenska Nataliia 
Published: October 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to assess the export potential of countries, to determine the directions of food export development and the place of Ukraine in it, taking into account socio-economic factors by applying the authors’ methodical approach.
Methodology / approach. The article considers world food and agriculture exports, the export potential of countries is assessed taking into account socio-economic factors. The authors select and apply a combination of methods necessary to achieve the goal of the study, which characterize specificities of individual countries of the world: method of systematic generalization, dynamic series analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis, comparisons, rating evaluation, integral approach.
Results. With the help of factor and integral analysis of macroeconomic indicators, we established that the structure of world exports and the share of food and agriculture is depended on the level of development and specialization of countries. In particular, the share of food and agriculture exports of developed countries is smaller compared to developing countries. The Netherlands and Germany are the leaders of the ranking in terms of food and agriculture export potential. According to forecasts, based on current trends, the export of bakery products in Ukraine and Poland should increase in 2023 compared to 2020 by 32.7 and 21.6 %, respectively. Effective socio-economic development, balanced export policy, modernization of production and logistics will contribute to the growth of export of food and agriculture with high added value.
Originality / scientific novelty. Based on the authors’ methodical approach, the work improved the integral indicator of export development and the ranking of countries by export potential, taking into account socio-economic conditions. Factor models were built and the factors of food and agriculture export development were determined.
Practical value / implications. The improved methodical approach to evaluating the effectiveness of global food and agriculture exports provides an opportunity to establish competitive advantages in the market and plan exports. Developing countries will have the opportunity to make the right choice of export products, which will provide them with added value and an increase in supply volumes.
Application of accounting for the assessment of war losses for agribusiness enterprises of Ukraine
Authors: Zhuk Valerii , Pugachov Mykola , Shpykuliak Oleksandr , Bezdushna Yuliya , Popko Yevheniya 
Published: October 2023

Purpose. The military aggression of the russian federation against Ukraine led to the disruption of logistics processes and the destruction of the production capacity of the agribusiness. This study aims to describe an accounting toolkit to determine and evaluate the direct losses of agricultural enterprises due to the war.
Methodology / approach. This study is based on the use of Ukrainian regulatory documents. The authors of this study applied synthesis methods when summarizing information on estimates of war damage. They used analytical methods in monitoring the world and national experience of such assessment. The cost method was used during the approbation. It provided for the use of the estimate program “Building technologies: Estimate 8”. Determining the volumes of repair and construction works was carried out in accordance with the State Construction Standards and Resource Elemental Estimate Standards of Ukraine. In addition, modelling, analogy and comparison methods were also used.
Results. In this study, the authors proposed a simple algorithm of actions, which allows for detecting direct damage by enterprises in a short time. The algorithm is based on the use of five accounting methods: (1) Inventory method, (2) Documentation method, (3) Evaluation method, (4) Accounts and balance method, (5) Reporting method. The specifics of the application of each method are described in detail, taking into account the requirements of accounting legislation for the recognition and assessment, and inventory of assets of agribusiness enterprises. Experimental calculations (using the example of damage to real estate as a result of hostilities) allowed us to conclude that the damage calculated by the individual (object-by-object) approach (USD 63.88 billion) is 30 % higher than the quick estimate of the World Bank (USD 50.4 billion) and 20 % higher than expert estimates made in Ukraine (USD 50.4 billion).
Originality / scientific novelty. According to the research results, a methodical algorithm to estimate direct war losses for Ukrainian agribusiness enterprises based on accounting methods has been proposed. Using accounting tools to evaluate the direct losses is essential for the following reason. Let’s suppose that the accounting system does not confirm the data on direct losses. In this case, misunderstandings may arise between the participants of socio-economic relations, who operate with general (forecasted) figures. At the same time, verified accounting data on direct losses can be evidence in court and are the basis for receiving compensation or financial assistance.
Practical value / implications. The practical significance of the proposed methodical algorithm lies in the ability to systematically recognize and assess direct losses of agribusiness enterprises, taking into account the specifics of their assets, based on the accountant's professional judgment, without the involvement of outside experts.
A roadmap to estimating agricultural ammonia volatilization over Europe using satellite observations and simulation data
Authors: Abeed Rimal , Viatte Camille , Porter William C. , Evangeliou Nikolaos , Clerbaux Cathy , Clarisse Lieven , Van Damme Martin , Coheur Pierre-François , Safieddine Sarah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) is one of the most important gases emitted from agricultural practices. It affects air quality and the overall climate and is in turn influenced by long-term climate trends as well as by short-term fluctuations in local and regional meteorology. Previous studies have established the capability of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) series of instruments, aboard the Metop satellites, to measure ammonia from space since 2007. In this study, we explore the interactions between atmospheric ammonia, land and meteorological variability, and long-term climate trends in Europe. We investigate the emission potential (Γsoil) of ammonia from the soil, which describes the soil–atmosphere ammonia exchange. Γsoil is generally calculated in-field or in laboratory experiments; here, and for the first time, we investigate a method which assesses it remotely using satellite data, reanalysis data products, and model simulations. We focus on ammonia emission potential in March 2011, which marks the start of growing season in Europe. Our results show that
Γsoil ranges from 2 × 103 to 9.5 × 104 (dimensionless) in fertilized cropland, such as in the North
European Plain, and is of the order of 10–102 in a non-fertilized soil (e.g., forest and grassland). These results agree with in-field
measurements from the literature, suggesting that our method can be used in other seasons and regions in the world. However, some improvements are
needed in the determination of mass transfer coefficient k (m s−1), which is a crucial parameter to derive Γsoil. Using a climate model, we estimate the expected increase in ammonia columns by the end of the century based on the increase in skin temperature (Tskin), under two different climate scenarios. Ammonia columns are projected to increase by up
to 50 %, particularly in eastern Europe, under the SSP2-4.5 scenario and might even double (increase of 100 %) under the SSP5-8.5
scenario. The increase in skin temperature is responsible for a formation of new hotspots of ammonia in Belarus, Ukraine, Hungary, Moldova, parts of
Romania, and Switzerland.