bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Colorectal Polyp Detection and Characterization
Authors: Afzalpurkar Shivaraj , Goenka Mahesh K. , Kochhar Rakesh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. Colonoscopy has contributed significantly to reduction of incidence and mortality of CRC. Integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into colonoscopy practice has addressed the various shortcomings of screening colonoscopies. AI-assisted colonoscopy will help in real-time recognition of type of polyp with probable histology. This will not only save time but will also help to mitigate human errors. Computer-aided detection and computer-aided characterization are two applications of AI, which are being studied extensively with a goal of improvement of polyp and adenoma detection rates. Several studies are being conducted across the globe, which either involve simple decision-making algorithms or complex patterns through neural networks, which imitate the human brain. Most data are collected retrospectively and the research is limited to single-center studies, which might have bias. Therefore, the future research on AI in colonoscopy should aim to develop more sophisticated convolutional neural network and deep learning models that will help to standardize the practice and ensure the same degree of accuracy with all the colonoscopies, irrespective of experience of performing endoscopists. In this review, we will take a closer look at the current state of AI and its integration into the field of colonoscopy.
Causes of Original Kidney Disease among Libyan Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Elamouri Jamila S. , Algeblawi Ahmed A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction End-stage renal disease (ESRD) has become a significant problem in the North African region. There are few references about the primary causes of ESRD in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. The aim of this study was to determine the causes of the original kidney disease in KT recipients in Tripoli Central Hospital, Tripoli, Libya.
Methods This is a hospital-based, retrospective descriptive study. It includes all KT recipients who were followed up in the outpatient clinic, at the Libyan National General Authority for Organ, Tissue, and Cell Transplantation and nephrology clinic in Tripoli Central Hospital during 2021, Tripoli, Libya.
Results Data on 360 KT recipients were retrieved. Sixty-eight percent of the of the patients were males: 31.1% of all enrolled individuals were between 31 and 40 years. Patient mean age was 36.66 ± 11.86 years. The most common validated cause for ESRD was unknown (55.3%), followed by chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN; 15%), diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension each equally (10.3%), congenital abnormalities (3.6%), polycystic kidney disease (3.3%), and nephrolithiasis (1.9%).
Conclusion Original cause of kidney disease in most recipients was undetermined, possibly due to limited diagnostic tools or delayed presentation. However, CGN is a main known cause.
Back to Marx: reflections on the feminist crisis at the crossroads of neoliberalism and neoconservatism
Authors: Lin Jinlong , Wang Yang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractContemporary feminism is currently at a crossroads, facing a concerted onslaught from both neoliberal and neoconservative ideologies. While these ideologies are inherently different—neoliberalism often appropriates feminist language to serve capitalist ends, and neoconservatism typically attacks feminist principles—they similarly reinforce the traditional role of families as providers of welfare. This crisis of alienation in feminism is characterized by three key factors: the gender divisions brought about by feminism’s shift to identity politics, the obscuring of feminist critique of capitalism by the spread of commercialization, and the instrumentalization of feminism in politics. These challenges have resulted in increased class antagonism and the further marginalization of lower-income women, reinforcing one another. To address this multifaceted crisis, a return to Marxist thought is deemed necessary for women’s liberation. The historical foundation of women’s issues can be traced back to class oppression, which stems from the primacy of material production over reproductive labor. In this context, gender oppression becomes an instrument that perpetuates class oppression. Only by interpreting women’s bodily autonomy and power from the perspective of material life and class reproduction, and by uniting various social forces against capitalism with practical actions, can feminism regain its vitality. Although the current global women’s movement is full of internal divisions, contradictions, and struggles, there is still hope for achieving unity. When the day comes, history will confirm that true gender equality is not merely the promotion of individual choice for a few, but the emancipation of all, and Marxism will be recorded once again in the history of human liberation. To accomplish this grand objective, the vital step is to end the marginalization of Marxist Feminism.
Distinct vibrational signatures and complex phase behavior in metallic oxygen
Authors: Dalladay-Simpson Philip , Monserrat Bartomeu , Zhang Li , Gorelli Federico 
Published: December 2023

Evidence for metallization in dense oxygen has been reported for over 30 years [Desgreniers et al., J. Phys. Chem. 94, 1117 (1990)] at a now routinely accessible 95 GPa [Shimizu et al., Nature 393, 767 (1998)]. However, despite the longevity of this result and the technological advances since, the nature of the metallic phase remains poorly constrained [Akahama et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4690 (1995); Goncharov et al., Phys. Rev. B 68, 224108 (2003); Ma, Phys. Rev. B 76, 064101 (2007); and Weck et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 255503 (2009)]. In this work, through Raman spectroscopy, we report the distinct vibrational characteristics of metallic ζ-O2 from 85 to 225 GPa. In comparison with numerical simulations, we find reasonable agreement with the C2/m candidate structure up to about 150 GPa. At higher pressures, the C2/m structure is found to be unstable and incompatible with experimental observations. Alternative candidate structures, C2/c and Ci, with only two molecules in the primitive unit cell, are found to be stable and more compatible with measurements above 175 GPa, indicative of the dissociation of (O2)4 units. Further, we report and discuss a strong hysteresis and metastability with the precursory phase ϵ-O2. These findings will reinvigorate experimental and theoretical work into the dense oxygen system, which will have importance for oxygen-bearing chemistry, prevalent in the deep Earth, as well as fundamental physics.
Optimization of post-annealing temperature for high-performance synaptic transistors based on In–Ga–Zn–O channel and trap layers
Authors: Park Junhyeong , Jang Yuseong , Lee Soo-Yeon 
Published: December 2023

Synaptic transistors using an indium–gallium–zinc oxide (IGZO) charge trap layer (CTL) have great potential for high-performance neuromorphic applications due to their excellent stability and high linearity in conductance modulation. Since the high conductivity of the IGZO CTL enhances charge de-trapping performance, the post-annealing process, which directly affects the conductivity of the film, should be carefully conducted. In this study, we investigated the effect of post-annealing temperature (TPA) on the charge de-trapping performance of synaptic transistors. The synaptic transistor showed superior charge de-trapping performance at a TPA of 250 °C, resulting from the increased conductivity of the CTL. Through various electrical and chemical analysis methods, it was revealed that the hydrogen decrease within the CTL and the oxidation–reduction reaction at the interface between the tunneling layer and the CTL contributed to the significant increase in the conductivity of the CTL. The synaptic transistor with the optimal TPA exhibited high linearity of potentiation (αp: 0.56) and depression (αd: −0.65) with 64 conductance levels, enabling the spiking neural network simulation to achieve a high accuracy of 88.75% using a Fashion-MNIST dataset. This work shows that TPA is one of the critical process strategies for the high charge de-trapping performance of the synaptic transistor by inducing the chemical reaction at the CTL interface and hydrogen content change within the CTL.
A flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on wave structure PDMS for joint monitoring in basketball training
Authors: Wang Zhenzhou , Liu Zhenhua , Wang Yafang , Li Huibin 
Published: December 2023

Recently, intelligent sports wearable devices have attracted widespread attention. Hence, we designed a wave-structure triboelectric nanogenerator (W-TENG) for joint monitoring in basketball training. The self-powered pressure sensor is mainly composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film and aluminum foil with corrugation characteristics. The wave structure of the PDMS film is designed based on sine waves, and results have indicated that the higher the amplitude, the higher the sensing performance of the W-TENG. Moreover, the W-TENG has two sensing monitoring areas. For low pressure areas, the sensing sensitivity of the W-TENG is 3.564 V kPa−1 and 37.644 nA kPa−1. For high pressure areas, the sensing sensitivity of the W-TENG is 0.024 V kPa−1 and 19.92 nA kPa−1. This W-TENG pressure sensor can be installed at the joints of basketball players’ bodies to monitor the degree of joint bending. This design can facilitate the development of wearable basketball training devices.
Large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of bubble collapse in water: Effects of system size, water model, and nitrogen
Authors: Chen Jingyi L. , Prelesnik Jesse L. , Liang Buyun , Sun Yangzesheng , Bhatt Mrugank , Knight Christopher , Mahesh Krishnan , Siepmann J. Ilja 
Published: December 2023

Molecular dynamics simulations in the microcanonical ensemble are performed to study the collapse of a bubble in liquid water using the single-site mW and the four-site TIP4P/2005 water models. To study system size effects, simulations for pure water systems are performed using periodically replicated simulation boxes with linear dimensions, L, ranging from 32 to 512 nm with the largest systems containing 8.7 × 106 and 4.5 × 109 molecules for the TIP4P/2005 and mW water models, respectively. The computationally more efficient mW water model allows us to reach converging behavior when the bubble dynamics results are plotted in reduced units, and the limiting behavior can be obtained through linear extrapolation in L−1. Qualitative differences are observed between simulations with the mW and TIP4P/2005 water models, but they can be explained by the models’ differences in predicted viscosity and surface tension. Although bubble collapse occurs on time scales of only hundreds of picoseconds, the system sizes used here are sufficiently large to obtain bubble dynamics consistent with the Rayleigh–Plesset equation when using the models’ thermophysical properties as input. For the conditions explored here, extreme heating of the interfacial water molecules near the time of collapse is observed for the larger mW water systems (but the model underpredicts the viscosity), whereas heating is less pronounced for the TIP4P/2005 water systems because its larger viscosity contribution slows the collapse dynamics. The presence of nitrogen within the bubble only starts to affect bubble dynamics near the very end of the initial collapse, leading to an incomplete collapse and strong rebound for the mW water model. Although nitrogen is non-condensable at 300 K, it becomes highly compressed and reaches a liquid-like density near the collapse point. We find that the dissolution of nitrogen is much slower than the movement of the collapsing water front, and the re-expansion of the dense nitrogen droplet gives rise to bubble rebound. The incompatibility of the collapse and dissolution time scales should be considered for continuum-scale modeling of bubble dynamics. We also confirm that the diffusion coefficient for dissolved nitrogen is insensitive to pressure as the liquid transitions from a compressed to a stretched state.
First-principles study of thermodynamic stability and mechanical properties of fifteen high-entropy quaternary metal disilicides
Authors: Zhang Huilun , Liu Shi-Yu , Liu Shiyang , Li De-Jun , Liu Yanyu , Wang Sanwu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
By combining first-principles density-functional calculations and thermodynamics, we investigated the thermodynamic stability and mechanical properties of 15 quaternary high-entropy metal disilicides composed of silicon and four of the six refractory transition metals Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, and Ta. We constructed a three-dimensional diagram specified by two thermodynamic parameters (the mixing enthalpy and the ratio of the entropy term in the Gibbs free energy to enthalpy) and a structural parameter (the lattice size difference). The obtained diagram allows us to predict that, except for TiZrHfVSi8, the formation of all other fourteen single-phase metal disilicides is thermodynamically favorable. Our calculations show that, for the formation of each of the 14 metal disilicides, the driving force suppresses the resistance at temperatures well below the melting point, suggesting that it is feasible to synthesize these high-entropy materials. One of these (TiHfNbTaSi8) has already been experimentally realized. Furthermore, the values of the mechanical parameters and melting points of the predicted fourteen quaternary high-entropy metal disilicides are all greater than the corresponding average values of the four single-metal disilicides.
Validating the simulation of beam-ion charge exchange in MAST Upgrade
Authors: Ollus P , Allan S , Harrison J R , Jackson A R , Kurki-Suonio T , McClements K G , Michael C A , Moulton D , Patel B S , Robson M , Snicker A , Varje J , Vincent C ,   the MAST-U Team
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Simulation of the impact of charge-exchange (CX) reactions on beam ions in the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) Upgrade was compared to measurements carried out with a fission chamber (neutron fluxes) and a fast ion deuterium-alpha (FIDA) diagnostic. A simple model was developed to reconstruct the outer-midplane neutral density based on measurements of deuterium-alpha emission from edge neutrals, and on Thomson scattering measurements of electron density and temperature. The main computational tools used were the ASCOT orbit-following code and the FIDASIM code for producing synthetic FIDA signals. The neutral density reconstruction agrees qualitatively with SOLPS-ITER modelling and yields a synthetic passive FIDA signal that is consistent with measurement. When CX losses of beam ions are accounted for, predicted neutron emission rates are quantitatively more consistent with measurement. It was necessary to account for CX losses of beam ions in simulations to reproduce the measured passive FIDA signal quantitatively and qualitatively. The results suggest that the neutral density reconstruction is a good approximation, that CX with edge neutrals causes significant beam-ion losses in MAST Upgrade, typically 20% of beam power, and that the ASCOT fast-ion CX model can be used to accurately predict the redistribution and loss of beam ions due to CX.
A parallel piezoelectric micro-perforated panel absorber with flexible acoustic characteristics
Authors: Xu He , Hu Ming , Kong Deyi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the sound absorption characteristics of a parallel micro-perforated panel absorber (MPPA) fabricated from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric film are studied under an alternating voltage excitation. The simulation and experimental results show that when a certain frequency of AC voltage is applied to the parallel micro-perforated panel, the sound absorption characteristics of the MPPA at the excitation frequency can be improved due to the electrically induced vibration. With an increase in the alternating voltage amplitude, the improvement in sound absorption characteristics is more obvious. Therefore, the sound absorption coefficient of parallel PVDF-MPPA in the target frequency band can be improved by adjusting the parameters of excitation voltage reasonably. Based on the convenience of voltage regulation, this method is very suitable for suppressing the noise of the main frequency fluctuation without changing the structural parameters of the absorber. More importantly, the parallel PVDF-MPPA can apply voltage excitations of different parameters simultaneously, which is beneficial to improve the sound absorption effect in a wider frequency band. This study may provide a reference for the design of intelligent absorbers, especially for noise reduction structures in narrow spaces.
Economic and Econometric Analysis of Agricultural Loans and Their Impact on the Gross Agricultural Product in Iraq During the Period (1990-2020)
Authors: Abd Hashem Atallah , Al-Jumaili Jadoua Shehab Ahmed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Agricultural finance has a leading role in financing agricultural projects in order to enhance productivity growth in the agricultural sector. This study aimed to show the impact of productive agricultural loans and cultivated area on the gross agricultural product in Iraq during the period (1990-2020). The validity of the model was tested using statistical tests and analysis of variance (ANOV) software. The results of analysis of the loans of the Agricultural Cooperative Bank, on the one hand, and each of the gross agricultural product, agricultural production, productivity and cultivated area of the same period, on the other hand, showed a weak positive relationship between loans and agricultural production. The results proved the statistical significance of this relationship at the level of (5%), as the significance value was (0.049), while the value of the correlation coefficient was (0.375). As for other variables, there was no significant correlation at the levels (5%), (1%) and (1%), as the significance value between the loans of the Agricultural Cooperative Bank in Iraq during the period (1990-2020), on the one hand, and the gross agricultural product, productivity and cultivated area, on the other hand, reached (0.874), (0.071) and (0.53), respectively. The study recommended providing cash and in-kind agricultural loans by the Agricultural Cooperative Bank for farmers to perform agricultural operations and implement their agricultural plans in Iraq.
Obstacles Facing the Agricultural Innovation System for the Corn Crop in Babylon Governorate
Authors: Taha Samer Muhi , Ridha Bayan Abdul-Jabbar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The research aimed to diagnose the obstacles facing the agricultural innovation system for the corn crop in general, and the arrangement of the fields of obstacles facing the agricultural innovation system, as well as the arrangement of the items of each area of the obstacles facing the agricultural innovation system, represented in the following fields: (obstacles to the conceptual framework of the agricultural innovation system, obstacles to the agricultural innovation system plan, obstacles to organizing the agricultural innovation system, obstacles to developed technologies, obstacles to financial allocations, obstacles to monitoring, obstacles to evaluation). To achieve the objectives of the research, a questionnaire was prepared in the light of the literature and previous studies related to the subject and the opinions of specialized experts and their approval of them, consisting of (61) items distributed over (7) fields, namely (obstacles to the conceptual framework of the agricultural innovation system, obstacles to the agricultural innovation system plan, obstacles to organizing the agricultural innovation system, obstacles to derived technologies, obstacles to financial allocations, obstacles to monitoring, obstacles to evaluation), and the research population included all employees in the agricultural innovation system, numbering (104) respondents distributed between (92) managers and (12) researcher, The data was collected using the questionnaire and the personal interview method during the period 5/12/2022 – 19/2/2023, The results of the research showed that the obstacles facing the agricultural innovation system in the Governorate of Babylon are diverse and multiple, and they are not limited to one area, but are distributed over several fields, namely (obstacles to the conceptual framework of the agricultural innovation system), (obstacles to financial allocations), (obstacles to the agricultural innovation system plan), (obstacles to evaluation), (obstacles to derived technologies), (obstacles to monitoring), (obstacles to organizing the agricultural innovation system), which obtained means (4.3), (4.11), (4.02), (3.97), (3.97) and (3.86) degrees on respectively, and standard deviations (0.36), (1.6), (0.42), (1.58), (0.43) and (1.37) degrees respectively, and that all these obstacles mentioned above within the level of great importance except for the field of obstacles to the conceptual framework of the agricultural innovation system, which is located within the level of very large importance with an mean (4.66) degrees, and a standard deviation of (1.46) degrees. Accordingly, the researcher recommends the need for the constituents of the agricultural innovation system, when addressing the obstacles facing it, to focus more on the field related to (obstacles to the conceptual framework of the agricultural innovation system).
Response of Chick Pea (Cicer arentum L.) to Date of Sowing and Foliar Spray Sulfur Nano Particles
Authors: Al-Rkabe Mohmmed Swadi Zagher 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Field experiment conducted at two winter season 2021-2022 and 2011-2023 on clay sandy soil in Al-Diwanyia. The experiment was design as Complete Randomized Block Design with three replications arranged for split-pilot design, and Lest Significant differences 0.05 the main treatment contend two groups dates of sowing(1/9 and 1/10) within their four levels of Nano S(0, 50, 100, 150) mg.l-1. I took sample of soil before planting to analysis it and to learn physical and chemical properties table 1. Cicer arentum L. Iam sowing at rate 50 kg.ha-1(3 cm depth) at 1/9 and 1|10, after 7 months I took a samples to measure. The results showed all factors and interactions were significant effect and increased all growth traits (plant content of protein, carbohydrate total Chlorophyll and fats and active substances,) lead to increased grain yield max value (2.37 Ton.ha-1) at interaction of 1/10 date of sowing and 150 mg.l-1 Nano S level, while min value (1.8 Ton.ha-1) at interaction 1/9 date of sowing and 0 mg.l-1 Nano S level.