bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of topical administration of clotrimazole through surgically placed versus nonsurgically placed catheters for treatment of nasal aspergillosis in dogs: 60 cases (1990-1996)
Authors: Mathews Kyle G. , Davidson Autumn P. , Koblik Philip D. , Richardson Elisabeth E , Komtebedde Jan , Pappagianis Demosthenes , Hector Richard E , Kass Philip H. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To examine the clinical response to topical administration of clotrimazole in dogs with nasal aspergillosis, to compare effect of surgically placed versus nonsurgically placed catheters used for administration on outcome, and to examine whether subjective scoring of computed tomographic images can predict outcome.

Design
Retrospective case series.

Animals
60 dogs with nasal aspergillosis.

Procedure
Information including signalment, history, diagnostics, treatment method, and outcome was retrieved from medical records of dogs with nasal aspergillosis treated between 1990 and 1996 at the University of California School of Veterinary Medicine or cooperating referral practices. Final outcome was determined by telephone conversations with owners and referring veterinarians. Images obtained before treatment were subjectively assessed to develop an algorithm for predicting outcome.

Results
Clotrimazole solution (1 %) was infused during a 1-hour period via catheters surgically placed in the frontal sinus and nose (27 dogs) and via nonsurgically placed catheters in the nose (18). An additional 15 dogs received 2 to 4 infusions by either route. Topical administration of clotrimazole resulted in resolution of clinical disease in 65% of dogs after 1 treatment and 87% of dogs after one or more treatments. The scoring system correctly classified dogs with unfavorable and favorable responses 71 to 78% and 79 to 93% of the time, respectively.

Clinical Implications
Topical administration of clotrimazole, using either technique, was an effective treatment for nasal aspergillosis in dogs. Use of non-invasive intranasal infusion of clotrimazole eliminated the need for surgical trephination of frontal sinuses in many dogs and was associated with fewer complications.(J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:501-506)
Associations between physical examination, laboratory, and radiographic findings and outcome and subsequent racing performance of foals with Rhodococcus equi infection: 115 cases (1984-1992)
Authors: Ainsworth Dorothy M. , Eicker Steven W. , Yeagar Amy E. , Sweeney Corinne R. , Viel Laurent , Tesarowski David , Lavoie Jean-Pierre , Hoffman Andrew , Paradis Mary Rose , Reed Steven M. , Erb Hollis N. , Davidow Elizabeth , Nalevanko Megan 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine whether physical examination, laboratory, or radiographic abnormalities in foals with Rhodococcus equi infection were associated with survival, ability to race at least once after recovery, or, for foals that survived and went on to race, subsequent racing performance.

Design
Retrospective study.

Animals
49 Thoroughbreds and 66 Standardbreds admitted to 1 of 6 veterinary teaching hospitals between 1984 and 1992 in which R equi infection was positively diagnosed.

Procedure
Results of physical examination, laboratory testing, and thoracic radiography were reviewed. Indices of racing performance were obtained for foals that recovered and eventually raced and compared with values for the US racing population.

Results
83 (72%) foals survived. Foals that did not survive were more likely to have extreme tachycardia (heart rate > 100 beats/min), be in respiratory distress, and have severe radiographic abnormalities on thoracic radiographs at the time of initial examination than were foals that survived. Clinicopathologic abnormalities were not associated with whether foals did or did not survive. Forty-five of the 83 surviving foals (54%) eventually raced at least once, but none of the factors examined was associated with whether foals went on to race. Racing performance of foals that raced as adults was not significantly different from that of the US racing population.

Clinical Implications
R equi infection in foals is associated with a decreased chance of racing as an adult; however, foals that eventually go on to race perform comparably to the US racing population. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:510-515)
Comparison of gonioscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy for evaluating the iridocorneal angle in dogs
Authors: Gibson Terri E. , Roberts Steven M. , Severin Glenn A. , Steyn Phillip F , Wrigley Robert H. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To compare iridocorneal angle grading systems on the basis of gonioscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).

Design
Original cross-sectional observational study.

Animals
22 dogs.

Procedure
Gonioscopy, goniophotography, and UBM were performed on 38 eyes from dogs without clinical evidence of glaucoma in the eyes examined.

Results
Predominant gonioscopic grades derived from goniophotographs were considered normal (n = 26) and mild (12). Ultrasound biomicroscopy angle measurements ranged from 16 to 38° (mean ± SD, 26.2 ± 4.5°). Ciliary clefts depicted on UBM images were graded as open (n = 4), compact/narrow (23), and closed (11). Significant differences were not found between UBM-derived ciliary cleft grades and goniophotography-derived dysgenesis grades, nor between UBM-derived ciliary cleft grades and subjective gonioscopic grades.

Clinical Implications
Because gonioscopy allows evaluation of the anterior face of the ciliary cleft, whereas UBM provides cross-sectional information of the iridocorneal filtration angle, UBM may yield more information regarding pathogenesis and prognosis of, and preferred management approaches to, glaucoma. Ultrasound biomicroscopy may also be useful as a predictor of glaucoma or to diagnose early stages of glaucoma. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:635-638)
Evaluation of a portable clinical analyzer in a veterinary hospital setting
Authors: Grosenbaugh D. A. , Gadawski J. E. , Muir W. W. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
Evaluation of a portable clinical analyzer for determination of blood gas tensions, electrolyte and glucose concentrations, and Hct in a hospital setting.

Design
Prospective study.

Animals
50 dogs, 50 cats, and 28 horses, all clinically normal.

Procedure
Blood samples were analyzed on a portable clinical analyzer to determine concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, BUN, glucose, and ionized calcium and values of Hct, pH, Pco2, and Po2. Values obtained were compared with those obtained from the same blood samples, using a standard automatic analyzer (serum sodium, potassium, chloride, BUN, and glucose concentrations), a cell counter (Hct), a blood gas analyzer (pH, Pco2, Po2), and a calcium-pH analyzer (ionized calcium). Bias (mean difference between values obtained on the same sample by different methods) and variability (SD of differences) were determined for all values. Data were also subjected to Deming regression analysis.

Results
Correlation coefficients were > 0.90 for all values except potassium and ionized calcium concentrations. Bias and variability were within clinically acceptable limits (± 2 SD) for all but potassium, ionized calcium, and glucose concentrations and Hct. Species-dependent variability was observed for glucose concentration and Hct.

Clinical Implications
Most differences between values obtained with the portable clinical analyzer and standard clinical laboratory systems could be accounted for by differences in type of sample tested (blood vs serum). The portable clinical analyzer is suitable for point-of-care analysis in critical care situations and for routine blood biochemical analysis when extensive laboratory support is unavailable. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:691-694)
Complete fractures of the third metacarpal or metatarsal bone in horses: 25 cases (1980-1996)
Authors: McClure Scott R. , Watkins Jeffrey P. , Glickman Nita W. , Hawkins Jan F , Glickman Lawrence T. 
Published: December 2023

Objectives—
To compare treatments of complete fractures of the third metacarpal (MC) or metatarsal (MT) bone in horses and to identify factors that could impact prognosis.

Design—
Retrospective case series.

Animals—
25 horses with fractures of the third MC or MT bone that were treated by use of internal fixation, external coaptation, or both.

Procedure—
Medical records from the Veterinary Medical Data Base of horses treated for fractures of third MC or MT bone at Texas A&M University from 1980 to 1994 and Purdue University from 1980 to 1996 were reviewed. Information on signalment, results of physical and radiographic examinations, treatment, and outcome were obtained. For horses that had radiographic evidence of healing, long-term follow-up information was obtained by telephone contact with owners or referring veterinarians.

Results—
Age, sex, weight, and limb affected were not related to outcome; however, affected horses were younger than the general hospital populations. Seventeen horses had open fractures at referral. Infection was the most common complication after surgery, with open fractures more likely to become infected. Nonunion in an infected fracture was the most common reason for postoperative failure (7 horses). Long-term follow-up was available for 16 horses; 11 of these had no complications related to surgical repair.

Clinical Implications—
Fractures of the MC or MT bone are not always associated with a poor prognosis in horses. Proper case selection, rigid fracture stabilization, and efforts to prevent or treat infection will improve success rate. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:847-850)
Pharmacokinetics of a high dose of gentamicin administered intravenously or intramuscularly to horses
Authors: Magdesian K. Gary , Hogan Patricia M. , Cohen Noah D. , Brumbaugh Gordon W. , Bernard William V. 
Published: December 2023

Objective—
To evaluate pharmacokinetics of a high dose of gentamicin administered IV or IM to horses.

Design—
Repeated-measures study.

Animals—
6 clinically normal female adult stock-type horses.

Procedure—
All horses were given gentamicin (6.6 mg/kg [3 mg/lb] of body weight), IV and IM, in a two-way cross-over design. Serum gentamicin concentrations were measured during a 24-hour period.

Results—
Plasma concentration curves were consistent with a two-compartment model. Maximum plasma gentamicin concentrations were 71.9 ± 15.7 μg/ml (0 hours after injection) and 22.0 ± 4.9 μg/ml (1.31 hours after injection) for the IV and IM groups, respectively. Area under the curve (AUC) was 116.6 ± 14.5 and 116.3 ± 14.6 μg•h/ml for the IV and IM groups, respectively. Elimination half-life for the IV group was 3.0 ± 2.8 hours. Trough concentrations were < 2 μg/ml for > 15 and > 12 hours for the IV and IM groups, respectively. Significant changes were not detected in clinicopathologic variables before and after administration of gentamicin.

Clinical Implications—
Administration of a high dose of gentamicin IV or IM resulted in peak plasma concentrations, AUC, and minimum trough plasma concentrations. Results indicate once-daily administration of gentamicin might be as efficacious and safe as multiple-dose daily administration in accordance with traditional low-dose regimens, similar to those used in other species. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998:213:1007-1011)
Removal of a thymoma via median sternotomy in a rabbit with recurrent appendicular neurofibrosarcoma
Authors: Clippinger Tracy L. , Bennett R. Avery , Alleman A. Rick , Ginn Pamela E. , Bellah Jamie R. 
Published: December 2023

A thymoma may not be clinically evident unless it is large enough to cause abnormal respiratory tract signs or a paraneoplastic syndrome develops.
Ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration is a safe, minimally invasive method for diagnosis of masses in the cranial portion of the mediastinum. Needle or excisional biopsy may be required to definitively distinguish or confirm a diagnosis of thymoma or lymphoma.
A minimally invasive thymoma may be surgically excised via median sternotomy in rabbits.
Neurofibrosarcoma is a locally invasive tumor with a tendency to recur unless excision has been wide and complete, and adjunctive radiotherapy or chemotherapy is administered.
Results of chemotherapy for cats with alimentary malignant lymphoma: 21 cases (1993-1997)
Authors: Zwahlen Courtney H. , Lucroy Michael D. , Kraegel Susan A. , Madewell Bruce R. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine clinical and pathologic findings in cats with alimentary malignant lymphoma and results of treatment with a combination of prednisone, l-asparaginase, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and methotrexate.

Design
Retrospective study.

Animals
21 cats with alimentary malignant lymphoma.

Procedure
Medical records were reviewed, and information on signalment, clinical history and signs, previous treatments, and results of laboratory tests, thoracic radiography, and abdominal ultrasonography were obtained.

Results
Test results in all cats were negative for FeLV; 3 of 19 were positive for feline immunodeficiency virus. Thirteen tumors were stage III, 7 were stage IV, and 1 was stage V. Diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of microscopic examination of histologic (n = 13) or cytologic (8) specimens. Immunophenotyping was performed on 13 tumors; 10 were T-cell and 3 were B-cell lymphomas. Overall median duration of first remission was 20 weeks. Overall median survival time was 40 weeks. The only factor significantly associated with duration of first remission was whether cats had a complete response following induction chemotherapy; duration of first remission was significantly associated with survival time. Cats tolerated treatment well; only 1 cat had a delay in the treatment schedule because of neutropenia.

Clinical Implications
Use of a multidrug chemotherapeutic protocol that includes l-asparaginase and doxorubicin results in minimal adverse effects and prolonged survival times in cats with alimentary malignant lymphoma. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:1144-1149)
Diagnosis and surgical management of obstructive ureteral calculi in cats: 11 cases (1993-1996)
Authors: Kyles Andrew E. , Stone Elizabeth Arnold , Gookin Jody , Spaulding Kathy , Clary Erik M. , Wylie Kirin , Spodnick Gary 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To evaluate diagnostic methods, surgical treatment, perioperative management, and renal function of cats with obstructive calcium oxalate ureteroliths.

Design
Retrospective case series.

Animals
11 cats that underwent surgery for removal of calcium oxalate ureteroliths.

Procedure
Medical records were reviewed, and the following information was recorded: signalment; results of physical examination, clinicopathologic analyses, and abdominal imaging; surgical procedure; postoperative management; and results of ureterolith quantitative analysis.

Results
Ureteroliths in the proximal portion of the ureter were removed from 5 cats (pyelotomy, 1 cat; unilateral ureterotomy, 2 cats; bilateral ureterotomies, 2 cats). Calculi in the middle and distal part of the ureter were removed by partial ureterectomy and ureteroneocystostomy (6 cats). Ten cats recovered from surgery and were discharged from the hospital. One cat died from unknown causes 4 months after surgery, and 1 cat had a nephrectomy elsewhere 5 weeks after ureterolith removal. Eight cats were evaluated 12 to 20 months after surgery. Of these, 2 cats that were markedly azotemic before surgery improved after surgery, and 2 cats developed nephroliths after surgery. Also, of 5 cats that had nephroliths that were not removed at the time of surgery, 4 still had visible nephroliths. One cat had recurrent ureteral obstruction from a ureterolith and persistent urinary tract infection. Ureteroliths or ultrasonographic evidence of ureteral obstruction were not detected in other cats.

Clinical Implications
A combination of microsurgical techniques and intensive postoperative care is necessary to minimize morbidity of cats after removal of a ureterolith. Renal function may improve or stabilize after removal of the ureteral obstruction. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:1150-1156)
Fragment reconstruction and bone plate fixation versus bridging plate fixation for treating highly comminuted femoral fractures in dogs: 35 cases (1987-1997)
Authors: Johnson Ann L. , Smith C. W. , Schaeffer David J. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To compare fragment reconstruction and bone plate fixation versus bridging plate fixation for treating highly comminuted (> 4 fragments) femoral fractures in dogs.

Design
Retrospective study.

Animals
35 dogs with highly comminuted fractures of the femur.

Procedure
Medical records of all dogs included in this study were reviewed. Dogs had been treated with fragment reconstruction and bone plate application (n = 20) or major fragment alignment and bridging plate fixation (15). Postoperative and follow-up radiographs were evaluated. Operating and hospitalization times, bone alignment, bone healing, and complications were considered.

Results
There were no differences in hospitalization times, limb alignment, and complications between dogs with fractures treated with fragment reconstruction and dogs with fractures treated with bridging plate fixation. Dogs with fractures treated with bridging plate fixation had shorter operative times and faster times to radiographic evidence of bone healing.

Clinical Implications
Bridging plate fixation is quicker to perform and results in faster healing than fragment reconstruction and bone plate fixation when used to treat comminuted femoral fractures. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:1157-1161)
Serologic evaluation of vesicular stomatitis virus exposure in horses and cattle in 1996
Authors: Mumford Elizabeth L. , McCluskey Brian J. , Traub-Dargatz Josie L. , Schmitt Beverly J. , Salman M. D. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine potential risk factors for vesicular stomatitis (VS) in Colorado livestock in 1995 and evaluate VS virus (VSV) exposure of Colorado livestock in 1996.

Design
Retrospective case-control study of VS risk factors and seroprevalence evaluation.

Sample Population
Premises included 52 that had VS-positive animals and 33 that did not have VS-positive animals during the 1995 epidemic, and 8 in the vicinity of premises that had VS-positive animals during the 1995 epidemic.

Procedure
Layout and management data for premises were collected during site visits in 1996. Signalment and management data were collected for animals from which samples were obtained, and samples were tested by serologic examination and virus isolation. The VSV seroprevalence rate was estimated for Colorado, using serum obtained for equine infectious anemia testing and from the Market Cattle Identification program in Colorado.

Results
At least 1 animal was seropositive for VSV. on 35 of 52 (67%) premises, and 71 of 228 (31 %) animals tested were seropositive for VSV Seroprevalence was 63 of 170 (37%) for horses and 8 of 54 (15%) for cattle. Seroprevalence of VSV in animals from nonstudy premises in Colorado in 1996 was estimated to be 1.1% in cattle and 0.8% in horses.

Clinical Implications
Overall VSV seroprevalence in Colorado livestock was less than seroprevalence in epidemic areas, and seroprevalence rates in epidemic areas were greater for horses than cattle. Results may indicate that some animals had subclinical VSV infection during epidemics and that animals may be exposed to VSV between epidemics. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:1265-1269)
Amitriptyline treatment for severe recurrent idiopathic cystitis in cats
Authors: Chew Dennis J. , Buffington C. A. Tony , Kendall Michael S. , DiBartola Stephen P. , Woodworth Bruce E. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of amitriptyline hydrochloride in the treatment of severe recurrent idiopathic cystitis (IC) in cats.

Design
Prospective study.

Animals
15 cats with IC that failed to respond to other treatments.

Procedure
Each cat received 10 mg of amitriptyline, PO, every 24 hours in the evening for 12 months or until signs recurred. Urinalysis, CBC, serum biochemical analysis, urine bacteriologic culture, and cystoscopy were performed initially, and after 6 and 12 months in responders. Severity scores of owner-observed signs of lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) disease were recorded.

Results
During the first 6 months of treatment, 11 of the 15 cats had no owner-observed signs of lower urinary tract disease. During the next 6 months, 9 of 15 cats remained free of signs of cystitis. Despite clinical improvement, cystoscopic abnormalities persisted in all cats at the 6- and 12-month evaluations. Hematuria and proteinuria were decreased at the 12-month evaluation compared with the initial evaluation. Two of 15 cats initially appeared somnolent after amitriptyline treatment. Of 9 cats completing the study, 7 had increased body weight and 8 had decreased coat quality compared with the initial evaluations. Four cats developed small cystic calculi during the first 6 months of the study. Serum biochemical or hematologic abnormalities were not detected during the study.

Clinical Implications
Amitriptyline treatment successfully decreased clinical signs of severe recurrent IC in 9 of 15 cats treated. Somnolence, weight gain, decreased grooming, and transient cystic calculi were observed during treatment in some cats. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:1282-1286)
Lymphosarcoma of the frontal sinus and nasal passage in a cow
Authors: Crocker Conan B. , Rings D. Michael 
Published: December 2023

Lesions of the frontal sinus in cattle may be inapparent radiographically, even when severe enough to cause debilitating neurologic disease.
Lymphosarcoma of the frontal sinus and nasal passage should be considered when clinical and neurologic signs compatible with chronic frontal sinusitis are present or when signs are not entirely compatible with encephalomyelitis.
Shoulder joint luxation in large animals: 14 cases (1976-1997)
Authors: Semevolos Stacy A. , Nixon Alan J. , Goodrich Laurie R. , Ducharme Norm G. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine clinical and radiographic findings in and treatment and outcome of large animals with shoulder joint luxations.

Design
Retrospective study.

Animals
5 horses, 3 goats, 1 calf, 1 sheep, 1 Himalayan tahr, 1 pot-bellied pig, 1 reindeer, and 1 white-tailed deer.

Procedure
Medical records and radiographs were reviewed to determine signalment, history, physical examination findings, type of luxation, treatment, and outcome. Owners and referring veterinarians were contacted for follow-up information.

Results
Goats, sexually intact males, and animals < 1 year old were overrepresented, compared with the general hospital population during the study period. Closed reduction was attempted in 3 animals and was successful in 1. Open reduction and internal stabilization was attempted in 4 animals, including 1 in which closed reduction was unsuccessful. Long-term stabilization of the joint was achieved in 3 animals, but overall results were poor because of osteoarthritis and chronic lameness. Three animals were not treated, and 5 were euthanatized because of a poor prognosis.

Clinical Implications
Large animals with shoulder joint luxation and concurrent fractures had a poorer prognosis than did those with shoulder joint luxation alone. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:1608–1611)