bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IntelliStream: Leveraging Machine Learning for Enhanced Throughput, Performance Of Brokers By Log Analysis
Authors: Vijayakumar G. , Bharathi R. K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Optimizing the performance of real-time data streaming platforms is crucial in managing diverse and demanding workloads. This paper presents an innovative approach to auto-tune such platforms for enhanced throughput and overall performance using machine learning techniques. By analyzing garbage collection (GC) logs and broker logs, by employing regression models to identify performance bottlenecks and predict optimal configuration settings. The methodology involves extracting key metrics from the logs, training regression models to understand the relationship between these metrics and system performance, and then applying the models to fine-tune system parameters automatically. The proposed solution demonstrates potential to develop significant improvements in throughput and stability, offering a robust framework for dynamic performance optimization in complex data environ-ments. This approach not only enhances efficiency but also reduces the need for manual tuning, paving the way for more intelligent and autonomous data streaming infrastructures.
Assessing The Performance of Multimodal Large Language Models in Diagnosing and Staging Diabetic Retinopathy: An External Validation Study of Large Language Models
Authors: Liew Chuin-Hen , Tan Ee Xion , Salim Nur Izzati Mohd , Razali Nur Ainaa Najwa , Sharifudin Abdul Hadi , Teo Sin Yee , Subramaniam Sangeetha , Ngoo Qi Zhe , Muthaiyah Saravanan , Muthu Kalaiarasi Sonai 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of visual impairment, requiring effective and scalable screening tools for early detection. Existing methods are complex, expensive, and reliant on specialized personnel, limiting their use in primary care. This study evaluates the potential of a multimodal large language model (LLM), for detecting DR, staging DR, and identifying diabetic maculopathy. This external validation study assessed the performance of LLMs using 228 fundus images captured at Tuanku Ampuan Najihah Hospital. Models evaluated include GPT-4, Google’s Gemini 1.5, Anthropic Claude 3 Haiku, and Mistral Large. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value were assessed, and results were validated with human ophthalmologist evaluations. As a results, GPT-4 achieved good sensitivity for detecting DR (82%) and referable DR (80%), meeting UK NICE criteria. However, all LLMs, including GPT-4, performed poorly in staging DR and detecting diabetic maculopathy. While GPT-4 shows promise in identifying DR, its limitations in detailed DR staging and maculopathy detection highlight cautious implementation.
Traffic-Light Nutrition Label in Ecuador: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Consumer Behaviour, Dietary Patterns, and Sociodemographic Associations
Authors: April-Lalonde Gabriel , Deaconu Ana , Paredes Myriam , Hardan Louna Maria , Batal Malek 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Ecuador introduced the traffic-light nutrition label (TNL) to address the rising burden of diet-related non-communicable diseases linked to increasing ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption. The TNL aims to provide simplified nutritional information to consumers, yet its effectiveness across diverse population groups remains unclear. Previous research suggests that TNL awareness and use may vary based on factors such as education, income, and geographic location, highlighting the need to explore how these factors are associated with dietary choices and health outcomes in different regions of Ecuador.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in three Ecuadorian cantons—Quito, Ibarra, and Riobamba—targeting adults to assess TNL use, dietary habits, and health conditions. Data collection involved structured interviews, food frequency questionnaires, and anthropometric measurements. Associations between TNL use and dietary and health variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests with survey and post-stratification weights to enhance representativeness.
Results
In Quito, TNL use was correlated with lower UPF intake and higher fruit and vegetable consumption. Regional differences were evident, with Riobamba showing lower UPF intake primarily among those unaware of the TNL, and Ibarra exhibiting no significant association between TNL use and UPF consumption. TNL awareness was lower among elderly and less-educated groups across all cantons, and among rural and low-income groups in Ibarra and Riobamba, who nevertheless reported concerning UPF consumption and limited fruit and vegetable intake.
Conclusions
TNL use in Ecuador varies by sociodemographic factors and is associated with healthier dietary patterns in some populations. However, disparities in awareness and usage highlight the need for improved label visibility and targeted public health strategies to enhance engagement among vulnerable groups. Addressing structural barriers to nutritious food access is crucial to maximizing the label's public health impact. These findings provide valuable insights for policy adjustments and nutrition education efforts in Ecuador and similar contexts.
Phage-host interaction dynamics in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant: significant impact of bleaching treatment
Authors: Yan Peihan , Zhu Junge , Ji Qianwei , Hou Gaolin , Liang Guoqiang , Liu Xinchun , Liu Ruyin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The temporal dynamics of phage-host interactions within full-scale biological wastewater treatment (BWT) plants remain inadequately characterized. Here, we provide an in-depth investigation of viral and bacterial dynamics over a nine-year period in an activated sludge BWT plant, where bleach addition was applied to control sludge foaming. By conducting bioinformatic analyses on 98 metagenomic time-series samples, we reconstructed 3,486 bacterial genomes and 2,435 complete or near-complete viral genomes, which were classified into 361 bacterial and 889 viral clusters, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the primary bleaching event induced significant shifts in both bacterial and viral communities, as well as in virus-host interactions, as evidenced by alterations in bacteria-virus interaction networks and virus-to-host ratio dynamics. Following bleaching, the bacteria-virus network became less interconnected but more compartmentalized. Viral communities mirrored bacterial dynamics, indicating a strong coupling in phage-host interactions. Among the identified virus-host pairs, many exhibited a decelerating rise in viral abundance relative to host abundance, with virus-to-host ratios generally displaying a negative correlation with host abundance. This trend was particularly pronounced in virus-host pairs where viruses harbored integrase genes, indicative of temperate dynamics resembling a “Piggyback-the-Winner” model. Notably, the bleaching intervention appeared to induce a transition from lysogeny to lysis in viruses associated with some foaming-related bacterial species, suggesting a potential virus-invovled indirect mechanism by which bleaching mitigates sludge foaming.
Безопасность и эффективность проведения процедурной седации у пациентов с диагностической колоноскопией: проспективное когортное исследование
Authors: Лещенко Р. Е. , Давыдова Надежда Степановна , Собетова Г. В. 
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Experts in different countries of the world question the safety and effectiveness of the use of sedatives during colonoscopy. According to the literature, procedural sedation (PS) improves the quality of colonoscopy, provides comfort and high patient satisfaction. OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety PS of propofol during diagnostic colonoscopy and its influence on the quality criteria of the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective, open-label cohort study at a single center, involving 200 patients from the endoscopic department between June 2020 and January 2024. Patients were divided into two groups: those undergoing colonoscopy with sedation (n = 100) and those without sedation (n = 100). To compare percentages, we utilized the Fisher’s exact test for expected counts under 10 and Pearson’s chi-squared test for counts above 10. When comparing relative indicators, an indicator of the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used. For quantitative measures not normally distributed, the Mann—Whitney U-test was used to compare the two groups. RESULTS: The chances of developing hypoxemia in patients in the sedated group were 9.373 times higher than in the non–sedated group, the odds differences were not statistically significant (95% CI 0.498–176.426). Transient hypoxemia developed in 4 obese patients in PS conditions. The likelihood of cecal intubation was 5.3 (95% CI 1.463–18.937) times higher in the sedated group. The rate of detected colon polyps is higher in patients of the non-sedated group (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Procedural sedation of propofol is safe during diagnostic colonoscopy in patients with grade I and II on the physical status scale of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. Procedural sedation increases the rate of intubation of the caecum and does not affect the rate of detected colon polyps.
Delayed and long-term effects of epidural anesthesia in childbirth: A literature review
Authors: Kodzoev R. R. , Lyashenko E. N. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. There is a growing trend towards increasing the use of epidural analgesia during childbirth. Therefore, it is important to explore the delayed and long-term consequences of its application.Aim. To investigate the association between conditions such as back pain, headache, incontinence (urinary and fecal), postpartum depression, and the use of epidural anaesthesia, as well as any delays in the development of these conditions and their long-term impact.Materials and methods. Symptomatic analysis of clinical data, including randomized and non-randomized studies, cohort studies, prospective and retrospective analyses, as well as meta-analyses based on the study of the relationship between anesthesia methods used during childbirth and the development of these symptoms. The search was conducted on platforms such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLIBRARY.ru for articles that contained information about long-term conditions developing after epidural anesthesia during childbirth. The study did not include descriptions of individual clinical cases, nor did it include studies that reported effects after epidural anesthesia that were not during childbirth.Results. A number of studies have been analyzed. Despite some contradictory data, an objective review of the information received suggests that manifestations such as back pain, headaches, urinary and fecal incontinence, pelvic floor dysfunction and postpartum depression do not always correlate with the use of epidural anesthesia. These symptoms do not seem to be related to its long-term or delayed effects. While some effects may occur, these can be better classified as short-term. For example, back pain and urinary retention may be experienced. Additionally, there was no statistically significant evidence to suggest that epidural anesthesia reduces the risk of postpartum depression.Conclusion. Further clinical studies that adhere to rigorous standards of reliability are needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of this issue.
Smart Stimuli-responsive Nanogels: A Potential Tool for Targeted Drug Delivery
Authors: Dhanawat Meenakshi , . Garima , Wilson Kashish , Bhushan Bharat , Chalotra Rishabh , Gupta Sumeet , Chaubey Pramila 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Nanogels (NGs) are presently the focus of extensive research because of their special qualities, including
minimal particle size, excellent encapsulating efficacy, and minimizing the breakdown of active compounds.
As a result, NGs are great candidates for drug delivery systems. Cross-linked nanoparticles (NPs)
called stimulus-responsive NGs are comprised of synthetic, natural, or a combination of natural and synthetic
polymers. These NPs can swell in response to large amounts of solvent, but their structural makeup prevents
them from dissolving. Furthermore, in response to (i) physical stimuli like temperatures, ion strength, and magnetized
or electrical fields; (ii) chemical stimuli like the pH level, molecules, or ions; (iii) biological stimuli
like the enzymatic substrate or affinity ligand, they transform into a hard particle (collapsed form) from a polymer
solution (swell form). Over the past decade, there has been a major advancement in the creation of
“smart” NGs in applications related to therapeutics and diagnosis, involving nucleic acid and intracellular drug
delivery, photodynamic/photothermal treatment, biological imaging, and its detection. The nanogels reviewed
in this article rely only on temperatures, pH, light, magnetic fields, and combinations of those variables. Developing
a targeted delivery vehicle will greatly benefit from the presented information, especially when used for
Core-shell multi-sensitive photo-sensitive nanogels.
Melatonin Overexpression in the Management of Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Exploration
Authors: Gupta Babita , Malviya Rishabha , Sundram Sonali , Sridhar Sathvik Belagodu , Singh Deependra Pratap 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by
the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles and β-amyloid plaques, leading to a decline in cognitive
function. AD is characterized by tau protein hyperphosphorylation and extracellular β-amyloid
accumulation. Even after much research, there are still no proven cures for AD. The neuroprotective,
anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant qualities of melatonin, a hormone mostly produced by the
pineal gland, have drawn interest as a possible treatment option for AD. This study looks at new
evidence that suggests melatonin overexpression to be a promising therapy option for AD. Melatonin
levels naturally decline with age and decrease more significantly in individuals with AD, worsening
neurodegenerative processes. Melatonin has therapeutic potential as it inhibits Aβ formation,
prevents amyloid fibril extension through structure-dependent interactions, and protects neurons
from Aβ-induced toxicity. Melatonin promotes neurogenesis, which is decreased in AD, suggesting
it may treat the disease's many pathologies. The review emphasizes the importance of melatonin's
mechanisms of action, including its capacity to reduce neuroinflammation, regulate mitochondrial
function, scavenge free radicals, and influence apoptotic pathways. As research into AD continues,
this article provides a forward-looking perspective on how future studies could leverage melatonin’s
multifaceted neuroprotective properties to develop more effective treatments for AD.
Safety and Efficacy of Transendocardial Stem Cells Therapy in Chronic
Ischemic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of
Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Sawalha Ibrahim Al- , Salih Abdel Qader Abu- , Bdour Mohammad Al- , Shimi Rula Al , Slehat Mohammad Al- , Almansi Amjad , Batarseh Suhel F , Taj Moneeb Al- , Jaloudi Nebras 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Chronic ischemic heart failure is a major global health issue despite
advancements in therapy. Stem cell (SC) therapy has emerged as a potential treatment, but its
effectiveness remains uncertain. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the
current evidence on SC therapy's efficacy.

Methods:
We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane
databases up to April 2024. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with blinded designs,
focusing on patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) treated with
mesenchymal stem cells compared to placebo or sham interventions via percutaneous endomyocardial
catheter systems. Data extraction, performed independently by two authors, focused on
safety and efficacy variables. The meta-analysis used a random-effects model, with sensitivity
analyses to address study heterogeneity.

Results:
Twenty studies were included in the meta-analysis. Significant improvements were observed
in the stem cell group for left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) (pooled effect
size -7.59, 95% CI [-12.28 to -2.89], P=0.002) and stress SPECT outcomes (pooled effect size -
5.33, 95% CI [-6.73 to -3.93], P<0.00001). Sensitivity analysis reduced heterogeneity in left
ventricular end-diastolic function (LVEDF) (P=0.01, I²=54%) and revealed a significant benefit
for stem cell therapy (pooled effect size -3.87, 95% CI [-6.77 to -0.97], P=0.009). No significant
effects were observed for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) or myocardial oxygen consumption
(MVO2). Functional improvements in New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification
were noted (OR=4.22, 95% CI [1.14–15.68], P=0.03), though no significant differences
were found in safety outcomes, including major cardiovascular events, mortality, or rehospitalization
rates.

Conclusion:
Transendocardial SC therapy shows promise in improving certain cardiac parameters,
though its impact on LVEF and MVO2 remains inconclusive, indicating the need for further
research.
Organosulfur Compounds in Garlic for Gastric Cancer Treatment: Anticancer Effects, Overcoming Drug Resistance, and Mechanisms
Authors: Yi Xudong , Zhang Jinrui , Yao Yiman , Liu Junyu , Li Mingyue , Zhang Min , Elmann Anat , Chen Haixia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been consumed globally as a functional food and traditional
medicine for various ailments. Its active organosulfur compounds (OSCs) have demonstrated
significant anticancer properties, particularly against gastric cancer. However, a comprehensive
review of these effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms, including their role
in overcoming drug resistance, is currently lacking. This review systematically examines both
preclinical and clinical studies on the anticancer effects of garlic and its organosulfur compounds
against gastric cancer, with a focus on patents. Emphasis is placed on explaining the
mechanisms of action, exploring how these compounds can overcome drug resistance, and highlighting
relevant patents that have been granted in this field. The literature search included databases,
like PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and patent databases, including
articles and patents published up to October 2024. Preclinical studies demonstrate that
garlic-derived organosulfur compounds possess anticancer activities against gastric cancer.
They work through multiple mechanisms, including inducing apoptosis, causing cell cycle arrest,
inhibiting cancer stem cell properties, suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and
modulating key signaling pathways, like PI3K/Akt and NF-κB. These compounds also show
potential in overcoming drug resistance by downregulating multidrug resistance proteins and
enhancing the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy drugs. Clinical studies suggest that regular
garlic consumption may reduce the risk of gastric cancer and improve outcomes in patients
undergoing chemotherapy. This review highlights the significant potential of garlic’s organosulfur
compounds as complementary agents in gastric cancer prevention and treatment and emphasizes
the relevance of existing patents and the need for further clinical trials to confirm these
effects and develop effective therapeutic strategies.
Facial Gesture Interfaces: Breaking Barriers for Individuals with Disabilities
Authors: Misra Siddharth , Gupta Priyank , Vasudeva Amol , Jain Shruti 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Face identification and tracking have grown in importance in a variety of
applications, including security, surveillance, and human-computer interaction. The goal of this paper
is to create a real-time face detection and tracking system that uses a 2D convolutional neural
network (CNN) model.

Method:
The model is trained on a dataset of facial images with accompanying bounding boxes, allowing
it to recognize and localize faces in real-time video streams with high accuracy for
3D.VGG16 is a well-known CNN architecture that has shown excellent performance in image classification
applications. Additional layers are added to the network to modify VGG16 for face detection:
a fully connected layer for classification and two fully connected levels for bounding box regression.

Result:
Facial expressions are a great way to guide cursor movement, with average accuracies of
about 95% and 95.5% for 2D and 3D models respectively. Head movements are an additional intriguing
technique with an accuracy rate of about 93% for 2D on average. Eye movements can be
used to precisely control the cursor, with average accuracy rates of about 94% and 93.5% for 2D
and 3D models respectively.

Conclusion:
The different CNN models were compared based on the accuracies out of which
VGG16 results better. 0.05% and 1.58% accuracy improvement was observed for the 3D model
over the 2D model for Facial expressions and head movements respectively.
Advances in Graphene-Based Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Techniques and Multidisciplinary Applications
Authors: Zafar Sarvat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Researchers and scientists have shown significant interest in graphene-based nanomaterials
(GBNs) due to their remarkable physical and chemical properties. GBNs possess a two-dimensional
monolayer structure consisting of a hexagonal lattice arrangement of carbon atoms, resulting
in an exceptionally high surface-to-volume ratio. This unique characteristic renders GBNs
highly attractive for diverse applications, such as energy storage devices, water filtration technology,
and biomedicine. This comprehensive review article examines various synthetic approaches
for graphene production, elucidating their respective advantages and limitations. Additionally, it
explores the recent advancements in the utilization of graphene, encompassing lithium-ion batteries,
fuel cells, solar cells, supercapacitors, biosensors, imaging, and photothermal therapy, as
well as drug delivery systems. Finally, the article explores the potential implications of these developments
for future graphene-based materials.
Scientific and Technological Prospecting on Polymeric Particles Containing Extracellular Matrix Peptides for the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular
Dystrophy
Authors: Filgueiras Livia Alves , Bandeira Silva Francisco Thiago , Alves Lima Francisco das Chagas , Mendes Anderson Nogueira 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disease with an overall incidence of
between 1 in 5,000 newborn males. Carriers may manifest progressive muscle weakness, resulting
from the progressive degeneration of skeletal muscles, generating cardiac and respiratory disorders.
Considering the lack of effective treatments, different therapeutic approaches have been developed,
such as protein synthesis and extracellular matrix derivatives that can be used to improve muscle
regeneration, maintenance, or repair. At the same time, the use of other anti-inflammatory drugs or
biological agents to replace corticosteroids conjugated to these extracellular matrix derivatives may
act more effectively in controlling the progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Extracellular
matrix-derived peptides (eg laminin-111 derivatives) and the use of essential oils with antiinflammatory
activity in polymeric particles for application in the treatment of Duchenne muscular
dystrophy are discussed. For this purpose, the literature of patents and scientific articles from 2012–
2024 on LM-111 peptides and Duchenne muscular dystrophy was reviewed. Many patents focus on
palliative technologies that seek to prolong the progressive effects of the disease, considering the
control of the inflammatory process. The technological and scientific prospecting suggests the need
for continuous research on systems that can serve as a treatment for Dystrophy.