bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
S‐IV‐04  A Vascularized Artificial Bone Graft Using the Periosteal Flap and Porous Hydroxyapatite; Basic Research and Preliminary Clinical Application
Authors: Akiko Hirata M.D. , Yu Maruyama M.D. , Kiyoshi Onishi M.D. , Akiteru Hayashi M.D. , Michio Saze M.D. , Emi Okada M.D. 
Published: February 2004

Aim: Vascularized periosteum has an ability of new bone formation, and porous hydroxyapatite (HA) has an property of bone conduction. A basic research was performed to investigate the possibility of making a “hybrid” vascularized artificial bone from porous HA integrated with the vascularized periosteum. Materials & methods: A latissimus dorsi musculoperiosteal flap was raised in rabbit. In one group, HA blocks (porosity; 55%, dimension; 8 × 4 × 2 mm) were ligatened to the cambium layer of periosteum and muscle, and in the other group HA blocks combined with rhBMP‐2 were apllied in the same manner. HA blocks were removed 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the operation and were examined histologically. This method was applied preliminarily to 5 patients who needed bony repair of anterior chest, midface, and mandible. Results: Osteogenesis was observed within the pores of the blocks over the course of time. In rhBMP‐2 group, osteogenesis progressed rapidly to the same extent as in without rhBMP‐2 group. In clinical cases, postoperative bone scintigraphy demonstrated radioactive uptake into HA implants, and biopsy revealed bone neogenesis into the pores of HA. Conclusions: Our basic research and preliminary clinical applications suggested that the possibility of making the hybrid type of vascularized artificial bone preparation with HA using this method. This will enable less invasive procedure and custom‐made reconstruction without the need of vascularized autogeneous bone grafts.
P‐I‐04  Treatment for Limb Ulcer with Severe Ischemia: Therapeutic Angiogenesis by Autologous Transplantation of Bone‐Marrow
Authors: Teiji Okazaki 
Published: February 2004

Aim: Limb ulcer due to severe ischemia often needs revascularization. In our hospital, the result of lower extremity bypass surgery for these patients is satisfactory, however, indication of this procedure is limited pathologically and technically. We recently have demonstrated a possibility of efficacy of therapeutic angiogenesis by autologous bone marrow cell transplantation for severe ischemic ulcer of extremity. Methods: Eight patients (9limbs; 3limbs with arteriosclerosis obliterans, 6limbs with Buerger's disease) with ischemic ulcer of lower and/or upper extremity were treated with implantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell into ischemic skeletal muscles. Four weeks after transplantation, efficacy of this procedure were evaluated by Visual Ana log Scale, angiography and Laser Doppler Flow Analysis (LDFA). Results: In 4 out of 9 limbs, the ulcers healed dramatically. Seven limbs revealed angiographically improvement and icrease of blood flow by LDFA. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that therapeutic angiogenesis by autologous bone marrow cell transplantation is an effective and safty strategy for patient with peripheral arterial disease. We considered that it is more effective to Buerger's disease than arteriosclerosis obliterans.
001  Treatment of Hypertrophic Scar with the Silicone Cushion
Authors: Yasuyoshi Tosa , Tsutsumi K. , Satoh K. , Hosaka Y. , Wada K. , Fujimura D. , Satoh N. , Morita M. 
Published: February 2004

Aim: Various treatments for hypertrophic and keloid scars have been attempted including electron beam irradiation, local triamcinolone injection, oral tranilast administration, use of silicone sheets, and compression therapy using splints. Among them, we have been attempting silicone cushion patching on hypertrophic scar. Methods: Twenty cases (10 males, 10 females) with hypertrophic scar were treated with silicone cushion. Scar surfaces were kept in contact with silicone cushion for as long periods of time as possible every day. Results were assessed in scores using objective findings (redness, bulging, induration) and subjective symptoms (itching, spontaneous pain, tenderness). Results: As for objective findings, redness remained unchanged in one case, but bulging and induration were found improved in all cases. As for subjective symptoms, itching and tenderness were found improved in all cases and clinical course considered proving usefulness of the treatment was obtained. Conclusions: Silicone cushions have highly viscous silicone oil enclosed in the silicone pack designed to generate negative charge electrostatic fields. Generation of adequate and sustaining electrostatic fields is important for useful clinical effect to exhibit on hypertrophic scar recession. Generation of negative charge electrostatic fields was confirmed on potential determination data with an electrostatic field meter as well.
003  Gene Expression Profiles Following Electron Irradiation of Cultured Keloid and Normal Skin Fibroblasts by cDNA Microarray Analysis
Authors: Tosa M , Ghazizadeh M , Shimizu H , Hirai T , Kawanami O , Hyakusoku H 
Published: February 2004

Aim: When surgery with postoperative superficial electron irradiation is applied, the recurrence rate of keloid lesion has been found to be <30%. In this study, we assessed the molecular changes underlying the effect of electron irradiation by differential global gene expression analyses of both cultured keloid and normal skin fibroblasts. Materials and Methods: Primary cultured fibroblasts from 4 active keloids and their adjacent normal dermal tissues were irradiated at a calibrated dosage of 15 Gy with 6 MeV electron beam generated by a linear accelerator. Corresponding paired non‐irradiated cells were used as control. RNA isolated from the collected cells was labeled with 33P, hybridized to the cDNA microarray gene filters and analyzed. Results: After irradiation, the gene expression profiles of keloid and normal skin fibroblasts were closely similar. Electron irradiated keloid fibroblasts showed suppressed levels of collagen typeI (alpha2), collagen typeVI (alpha1), matrix metalloproteinase 2, fibronectin 1, insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 3, alpha‐1‐antichymotorypsin and heparan glucosaminyl 1 as compared with their non–irradiated counterparts. Conclusions: Downregulation of matrix synthesis and upregulation of protease inhibitors and apoptosis promoting genes by electron irradiation may inhibit keloid development. This mode of therapy appears to exert a positive effect toward lowering the recurrence rate of keloid formation.
004  Postoperative Electron‐Beam Irradiation‐Thirteen Years’ Experience and Future Prospects in our Hospital‐
Authors: Rei Ogawa , Hiko Hyakusoku , Tuguhiro Miyashita , Atsushi Tateno 
Published: February 2004

Purpose and Methods: Between 1988 and 2000, 378 cases of keloids were treated and the therapeutic outcomes were evaluated. For this study, 147 keloids in 129 patients were selected. Results: The overall recurrence rate was 32.7%. Analysis of the therapeutic outcomes showed that the recurrence rates in the sites with high stretch tension, such as the chest wall, and the scapular and suprapubic regions were statistically higher than in sites without high tension, such as the neck, earlobes and lower limbs (p = 0.0017). Discussion: The results suggested that keloid sites with a high risk of recurrence should be treated with escalated radiation doses. However in our experience, pigmentation increases when the radiation dose is increased. Additionally, pigmentation can be suppressed by the following methods: 1. reducing the one‐time dose of irradiation while keeping the total dose unchanged; 2. lengthening the irradiation interval. Therefore we made a new protocols and provide further insights into the treatment: Total 20 Gy (4 days): Anterior chest wall, Scapular region and Suprapuvic region; Total 10 Gy (2 days): Ear lobe; Total 15 Gy (3 days): Others.
005  Acceleration of Wound Healing in Healing‐Impaired db/db Mice with a Photoclosslinkable Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Fibroblast Growth Factor‐2
Authors: Kiyohaya Obara , Masayuki Ishihara , Toshiaki Ishizuka , Yuichi Ozeki , Tadaaki Maehara , Akira Kurita 
Published: February 2004

Aim: The purpose of the present study has been to assess possibilities of the FGF‐2 incorporated chitosan hydrogel as a dressing for wound occlusion and healing acceleration in healing‐impaired db/db mice. Methods: Mutant diabetic mice, C57BL/KsJ db/db, and their normal littermates (db/+) were used in this study. After full thickness‐round wound (about 100 mm2) were prepared on the back of each mouse, the FGF‐2 containing chitosan hydrogel was added onto the wound of each mouse and was irradiated with UV light. Similar full thickness‐round wound were also prepared as controls without any trearment. The changes in wound area of mice were measured. The skin including the wound was removed from each mouse for histological examination. Results: For the db/db mice treated with the FGF‐2‐incorporated chitosan hydrogel, healing was faster than only chitosan hydrogel‐treated and control wounds. On the other hand, the incorporated FGF‐2 in the chitosan hydrogel did not show a stimulatory effect on the wound healing of db/+ mice. The vascularity of wound areas of db/db mice on day 4, evaluated immunohistochemically with anti‐murine CD34, was markedly increased in FGF‐2‐incorporated chitosan hydrogel‐treated wound. Conclusion: FGF‐2‐incorporated chitosan hydrogel may become accepted as an occlisuve dressing for healing impaired wound managemant.
Using literature as a therapeutic tool with people with moderate and borderline learning disabilities in a forensic setting
Authors: Cocking Andy , Astill Jackie 
Published: February 2004

SummaryIn the past, it was rare for services for people with learning disabilities to focus on meeting the emotional and personal development needs of their clients, concentrating instead on interventions that aimed to improve self‐care, develop appropriate social skills and reduce challenging behaviours. However, recent work using psychotherapeutic interventions and art therapies has started to remedy this traditional shortfall. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the successful use of an art‐based therapy, using literature (often termed Biblio‐therapy and Poetry Therapy in published research) that has been hitherto generally overlooked with a client group of men with learning disabilities who have offended, on account of their lack of literacy skills and likely lack of understanding of the use of metaphor. The paper describes the background to the work, the preparation of materials, the presentation of the psychotherapeutically‐based group work and it's effectiveness in encouraging the development of emotional maturity and self‐expression within a mixed‐ability client group of young men in a high security setting.
Clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical characterization of cutaneous lymphocytosis in 23 cats
Authors: Gilbert S. , Affolter V. K. , Gross T. L. , Moore P. F. , Ihrke P. J. 
Published: February 2004

Abstract Clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical features of cutaneous lymphocytosis, an uncommon disease histologically resembling well‐differentiated malignant lymphoma, were characterized in 23 cats. Clinical outcome was correlated with histomorphology and immunophenotype in an attempt to predict benign vs. malignant behaviour. The disease mainly affected older cats. Lesions were solitary in 61% of cats and often characterized by alopecia (73.9%), as well as erythema, scaling and ulceration. The lateral thorax was most commonly affected (43.5%). Pruritus was frequent (65.2%). Systemic signs included anorexia and weight loss. Morphologically, lesions were characterized by dermal infiltrations of well‐differentiated CD3+ T‐cells (100%) and aggregates of CD79+ B‐cells (64.3%). Cutaneous lymphocytosis is slowly progressive and relatively benign, although in some cats systemic signs led to euthanasia. Four of 12 euthanized cats and one live cat also had lymphoid infiltrates in internal organs. Unfortunately, we were unable to predict clinical outcome by histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of skin lesions.
Eleven cases of vesicular cutaneous lupus erythematosus in Shetland sheepdogs and rough collies: clinical management and prognosis
Authors: Jackson H. A. 
Published: February 2004

Abstract A cutaneous ulcerative disease is recognized to affect the adult Shetland sheepdog and rough collie. This has a distinct clinical and histological appearance consistent with a vesicular variant of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (VCLE). Retrospective information on the clinical outcome and response to therapy was collected from 11 cases of histologically confirmed VCLE. In 8/11 dogs the onset of disease was in the summer; in three dogs recrudescence occurred in subsequent summers. In eight dogs the skin disease was judged to be 75–100% controlled with therapy after a minimum follow‐up of 9 months. Successful treatment in seven of these cases comprised immunosuppressive doses of oral glucocorticoids, alone (one dog), in combination with azathioprine (five dogs) and doxycycline (one dog). One case responded to topical fluocinolone. Three dogs were euthanased for reasons directly related to the disease, one prior to initiating any therapy. Vesicular cutaneous lupus erythematosus in the rough collie and Shetland sheepdog can be a debilitating skin disease which is best managed with aggressive immunosuppressive therapy. Sun avoidance or the use of sunscreens is an important additional management recommendation.
Alopecia and dermatopathy of the lower back following pelvic fractures in three cats
Authors: Declercq Jan 
Published: February 2004

Abstract  An alopecia and dermatopathy following pelvic fractures associated with vehicular trauma is reported in three cats. The animals presented 3–4 weeks post injury with acute hair loss, glistening appearance of the skin and erosions involving the lower back. Histological examination revealed atrophy of the hair follicles and adnexal structures and follicular telogenization, dermal fibroplasia and mild lymphocytic infiltrate, fibroplasia and inflammation in the panniculus. Vascular damage secondary to the external trauma to blood vessels supplying the skin over the lumbar region and subsequent ischaemia may represent the pathomechanism of this type of alopecia. Focal permanent hair loss can be expected.
Cutaneous vascular malformation in a guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Osofsky Anna , De Cock Hilde E. V. , Tell Lisa A. , Norris Aimee J. , White Stephen D. 
Published: February 2004

Abstract A skin lesion classified as a vascular malformation is reported in a young‐adult, female guinea pig. The physical examination revealed a 3 × 2‐cm irregularly shaped violaceous plaque located on the left caudal flank. The surface of the plaque was ulcerated and bled intermittently, resulting in fatal blood loss. On histology the mass consisted of variably sized vascular spaces filled with red blood cells and variable amounts of extramedullary haematopoietic cells, lined by well‐differentiated endothelial cells often surrounded by one layer of spindle‐shaped cells. Based on immunohistochemistry, the spindle cell population was confirmed to be smooth muscle cells and no proliferation of endothelial cells was found with the Ki67 proliferation marker. Histological and immunohistochemical findings were consistent with a vascular malformation. Classification of vascular malformations and potential treatments are discussed. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of a cutaneous vascular lesion in a guinea pig.
Seborrhoeic dermatitis in a goat due to Malassezia pachydermatis
Authors: Pin Didier 
Published: February 2004

Abstract  A 6‐year‐old female goat was presented with a seborrhoeic dermatosis of 5 months duration. The condition developed following a severe enteritis associated with weight loss. Dermatological examination showed a generalized greasy seborrhoeic dermatosis, which spared the head and extremities of the limbs. Microscopic examination of impression smears of lesional skin revealed numerous yeasts typical of Malassezia sp. Culture on Sabouraud's dextrose agar yielded Malassezia pachydermatis growth. Histopathological examination of haematoxylin/eosin and safranin (HES) stained sections of biopsies showed mild lymphocytic superficial perivascular hyperplastic dermatitis. Numerous budding yeasts were visible both on the surface, and follicular keratin, in HES and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stained sections. A dramatic response was observed after 1 week of a topical anti‐Malassezia treatment, and the resolution of the condition was complete after 4 weeks.
Effect of interface layer on fatigue crack growth in an aluminium laminate
Authors: HE J. W. , LI N. , JIA M. , WEN S. P. , JIA P. R. 
Published: February 2004

ABSTRACTIn order to study the effect of an interface layer on fatigue crack growth, a thin pure Al layer was sandwiched between two LY12 plates using explosive bonding. Experiment shows that as a fatigue crack approaches the interface a remote plastic zone appears in the soft Al layer. Energy dissipation in the interface leads to significant deceleration of crack growth rate. FEM analysis shows that crack arrest is associated with load and distance between the crack tip and the interface. The size of the plastic zone can be calculated and used to predict the reduction in crack growth rate. The predictions agree well with the experimental results.
Fracture behaviour of maraging steel tensile specimens and pressurized cylindrical vessels
Authors: CHRISTOPHER T. , SANKARNARAYANASAMY K. , RAO B. N. 
Published: February 2004

ABSTRACTA three‐parameter fracture criterion is applied for the development of a failure assessment diagram to maraging steels and its validity verified by considering the maraging steel fracture data of surface crack tension specimens (SCT) and pressure vessels having axial surface cracks. Fracture‐strength/failure‐pressure estimates based on this criterion are found to be in reasonably good agreement with test results.
Synchrotron diffraction measurement of residual stresses in friction stir welded 5383‐H321 aluminium butt joints and their modification by fatigue cycling
Authors: JAMES M. N. , HUGHES D. J. , HATTINGH D. G. , BRADLEY G. R. , MILLS G. , WEBSTER P. J. 
Published: February 2004

ABSTRACTThis paper presents two‐dimensional information on the residual stresses in 8 mm 5383‐H321 aluminium plates joined by double pass (DP) friction stir welding (FSW). It considers the inherent variability in residual stress magnitudes along 0.5 m lengths of weld pass, and their modification under a sequence of applied fatigue loads. This represents one of a planned series of experiments aimed at illuminating the effects of fatigue cycling on residual stress fields. In this particular case, the magnitudes of the bending fatigue loads (R= 0.1) were chosen to correlate with the measured proof strengths of the weld metal (approximately 160 MPa) and the parent plate (approximately 260–270 MPa). In four‐point bend S–N tests at R= 0.1 on 40 mm wide FS welded specimens of this alloy and plate thickness, these peak stress levels correspond to lives of around 105 cycles and 107 cycles, respectively. Results from the work indicate that significant variability exists among welded plates in peak compressive stress magnitudes (a range of perhaps −50 MPa to −140 MPa), although peak tensile stresses were relatively low and more consistent (from around 0 to 30 MPa). Fatigue loading accentuates the peak‐to‐valley stress change and causes an overall translation of the stresses to become more positive. Peak tensile stresses increase several‐fold during fatigue cycling.
A new testing method to obtain mode II fatigue crack growth characteristics of hard materials
Authors: OTSUKA A. , FUJII Y. , MAEDA K. 
Published: February 2004

ABSTRACTFlaking type failure in rolling‐contact processes is usually attributed to fatigue‐induced subsurface shearing stress caused by the contact loading. Assuming such crack growth is due to mode II loading and that mode I growth is suppressed due to the compressive stress field arising from the contact stress, we developed a new testing apparatus for mode II fatigue crack growth. Although the apparatus is, as a former apparatus was, based on the principle that the static KI mode and the compressive stress parallel to the pre‐crack are superimposed on the mode II loading system, we employ direct loading in the new apparatus. Instead of the simple four‐point‐shear‐loading system used in the former apparatus, a new device for the application of a compressive stress parallel to the pre‐crack has been developed. Due to these alterations, mode II cyclic loading tests for hard steels have become possible for arbitrary stress ratios, including fully reversed loading (R=−1); which is the case of rolling‐contact fatigue. The test results obtained using the newly developed apparatus on specimens made from bearing steel SUJ2 and also a 0.75% carbon steel, are shown.
Theoretical and experimental determination of magnetic stress intensity factors of a crack in a double cantilever beam specimen
Authors: YOSHIMURA K. , SHINDO Y. , HORIGUCHI K. , NARITA F. 
Published: February 2004

ABSTRACTThis paper presents the results of an experimental and theoretical investigation of the magnetic fracture behaviour of double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens. DCB tests were conducted on ferritic stainless steel SUS430 in the bore of a superconducting magnet at room temperature. A simple experimental technique using strain gauges was used to determine the stress intensity factor. The experiments show the predicted increase in the stress intensity factor with increasing magnetic field. The theoretical analysis is based on a beam‐plate theory for magnetoelastic interactions in a soft ferromagnetic material. Numerical calculations are carried out, and the stress intensity factor is obtained for several values of magnetic field. A comparison of the stress intensity factor is made between theory and experiment, and the agreement is good for the magnetic field considered.
Damage mode analysis of MCrAlY overlay coatings subjected to isothermal stepwise tensile testing by usingin situvideo imaging and acoustic emission monitoring
Authors: VOUGIOUKLAKIS I. , HÄHNER P. , DE HAAN F. , KOSTOPOULOS V. , PETEVES S. 
Published: February 2004

ABSTRACTThe mechanical performance of gas turbine material systems consisting of a Ni‐base superalloy substrate with three different MCrAlY overlay coatings with various Al contents was assessed, close to service temperature spectrum, by means of stepwise tensile tests. Furthermore, acoustic emission (AE) activity was monitored during the tensile testing. Tensile tests were performed for all three types of coated systems at four different temperatures (300, 500, 700 and 900 °C). The AE data were analysed by means of a standardized k‐means algorithm with respect to nine parameters (such as amplitude, number of counts, duration, rise time, energy, etc.). In conjunction within situvideo imaging of the specimen surface and postmortem microstructural analysis of the samples, the classification of AE data has provided a means for damage identification and performance assessment of the substrate‐coating material systems.