bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Out or In The Black Blogosphere and the News Media
Authors: Robinson Cara , Cantey Nia 
Published: February 2024

Alternatives to the dominant public sphere and associated dialogue are especially important for underrepresented groups. These alternatives allow for groups to create their own dialogues that can then be used to change the direction of the larger discussion. While the Internet seems to be the perfect tool for these alternative dialogues to be created, the feasibility of using the Internet to take the next step into mainstream dialogue remains unclear. The black blogosphere is one alternative information stream pushing back. This chapter examines the way in which the black blogosphere discusses news stories and offers alternatives to the mainstream discourse, and why it is crucial that these alternative public spheres are available.
Mapping the Networks in Hyperlink Movies Rethinking the Concept of Cartography through Network Narratives
Authors: Labrecque Maxime 
Published: February 2024

Network narratives, hyperlink or ensemble movies are a seductive introduction to the complexity of our globalized world and our social interactions. Using two popular examples, Babel and Love Actually, I explore the uses and the limits of the social network, respectively through a global and deterritorialised network and a local one that reveals kinship. Using the dynamic of networks to represent the characters’ interactions, these types of films nonetheless need boundaries. In the context of globalization, hyperlink movies are the mirror of a new geography but cannot show the complexity and the extent of it all since they are restricted by their own limits, being a narrative medium with a specific length. Hyperlink movies therefore present an interesting compromise, using a popular narrative technique to showcase a complex phenomenon.
European Citizenship as Rights Claiming
Authors: Archibugi Daniele , Benli Ali Emre 
Published: February 2024

European citizenship, which was once seen as the symbol of European integration, is increasingly perceived as an obstacle to self-government and a threat to national welfare. As European ruling classes fail to provide an adequate response to the tensions that arise from the wider trends of globalization, anti-political movements are gaining support. A significant part of European citizenry is aligning with parties that preach the restoration of national borders and the reinstatement of cultural identity as the source of sovereign power embodied in the nation state.Does the way forward reside in dissolving the European project or reducing the power held by European institutions? In this article, we suggest the opposite. We need to begin by recognizing the significance of European integration as an evolving political experience of immense magnitude.We need to emphasize that Europe today provides citizens with unique means to claim social, political and economic rights by going beyond the borders of their states, create alliances, invoke different conventions and treaties, and debate and contest dominant perspectives in front of diverse audiences. Ultimately, we need to utilize aEuropean citizenship that reinstates political power to citizens towards fostering fresh sentiments for a new form of integration.
Treatment of clinically uninfected diabetic foot ulcers, with and without antibiotics
Authors: Huizing Eline , Schreve Michiel A , Stuart James WT Cohen , de Vries Jean-Paul PM , Çağdaş Ünlü 
Published: February 2024

Objective: Current guidelines do not recommend the use of antibiotics to treat clinically uninfected ulcers. However, physicians continue to prescribe antibiotics for clinically uninfected ulcers with the rationale ‘better to be safe than sorry’. Yet, antibiotic resistance is increasing, side-effects are common and treatment costs are rising. Evidence is needed to identify whether antibiotic treatment for clinically uninfected ulcers can be justified or we should stop prescribing them. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether antibiotic treatment in cases of clinically uninfected ulcers improved ulcer healing compared to treatment without antibiotics. Method: Consecutive patients treated in the outpatient clinic for clinically uninfected diabetic foot ulcer both in 2015 and in 2017 were retrospectively analysed. Primary outcome was ulcer healing at one year. Secondary outcomes were limb salvage, freedom from any amputation, amputation-free survival (AFS) and survival. Results: A total of 102 ulcers of 91 patients were included for final analyses. The non-antibiotics and antibiotics groups both consisted of 51 ulcers. Ulcer healing at one year was 77.3% in the non-antibiotics group and 74.7% in the antibiotics group (p=0.158). No difference was found for limb salvage (93.8% versus 95.9%, respectively; p=0.661), freedom from any amputation (85.6% versus 85.6%, respectively; p=1.000), AFS (85.4% versus 79.1%, respectively; p=0.460) or survival (89.6% versus 83.7%, respectively; p=0.426). Conclusion: In this study, no benefits of antibiotic treatment over non-antibiotic treatment for clinically uninfected ulcers were identified. The findings of this study emphasise the recommendation of current guidelines to not treat clinically uninfected ulcer with antibiotics.
Scalp wound management: a narrative review from a neurosurgical perspective
Authors: Cardona Santiago , Hernández Carolina , Bohórquez-Tarazona Maria Paz , Rubiano Andrés M , Parra Diana Marcela Sánchez 
Published: February 2024

Objective: This article aims to present a narrative review of current literature about the anatomical characteristics of the scalp as well as current practices in the management of surgical, traumatic and pressure injuries in the scalp, which are common in neurosurgery practice. Method: We searched PubMed for publications and book chapters in English from 2011 to 2021. We also included commonly referenced papers that we considered relevant to the subject with publication before these dates. We used the search terms ‘laceration,’ and/or ‘neurosurgery’ and/or, ‘pressure injury,’ and/or ‘craniotomy,’ and/or ‘surgical incision’ in combination with ‘scalp,’ and/or ‘wound care.’ We also searched the reference lists of publications identified by the search strategy and selected those that we judged relevant. Results: We pre-selected 52 articles that covered various aspects of anatomy, pathophysiology, scalp wound management, or general wound care that we considered applied to the anatomical region of our interest. After abstract review, we selected 34 articles that met our search criteria and were included in our review. Conclusion: There is limited evidence regarding classification and care of scalp wounds. As a result, many of the current practices for scalp wound management are based on evidence derived from studies involving different anatomical regions, not considering its particular anatomy, vasculature and microbiome. Further research is needed for more comprehensive and effective protocols for the management of scalp injuries. However, this present review proposes responses to the identified gaps concerning the management of scalp wounds.
ROBOTIC-ASSISTED VERSUS MANUAL TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY: PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES AT 12 MONTHS
Authors: Ammori M. , Hancock S. , Talukdar P. , Munro C. , Johnston A. 
Published: February 2024

The objectives of our study were to compare patient reported outcome measures between manual and robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty.Between 1st May 2021 and 31st August 2022, 539 consecutive patients who underwent 564 primary total hip arthroplasties were identified from the local registry database. Data were prospectively collected, and included patient demographics, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade, surgical approach, robotic-assistance, Oxford Hip Score (OHS), EQ-5D-3L and EQ-VAS pre-operatively and at twelve months.Robotic-assistance, compared against manual total hip arthroplasty, was associated with an enhanced median (interquartile range) OHS (46 [42 – 48] vs 43 [36 – 47], p-value < 0.001), EQ-5D-3L (5 [5 – 7] vs 6 [5 – 8], p-value 0.002), and EQVAS (90 [75 – 95] vs 80 [70 – 90], p-value 0.003) at twelve months after surgery. Robotic-assistance was confirmed to be an independent predictor of a greater OHS at twelve months on a multivariate linear regression analysis (p-value 0.001).Robotic assistance was superior to manual total hip arthroplasty in enhancing patient reported outcomes at twelve months after surgery.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MEMORY STAPLES AND COMPRESSION PLATE WITH CROSS SCREW FOR FIRST METATARSOPHALANGEAL (MTP) JOINT ARTHRODESIS: A QUANTIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES UTILIZING THE MANCHESTER–OXFORD FOOT QUESTIONNAIRE (MOXFQ)
Authors: Zaffar H. , Benjamin B. , Syed T. , Drampalos E. 
Published: February 2024

Arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) is the most reliable surgical option, for hallux rigidus from end-stage osteoarthritis. The aim of the study was to compare the functional outcomes of memory nickel-titanium staples versus a compression plate with a cross screw construct for first MTPJ arthrodesis using the Manchester–Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ).Patients who underwent MTPJ arthrodesis using either memory nickel-titanium staples or a compression plate with a cross screw construct were identified from the surgical lists of two orthopaedic consultants. Pre and post-operative MOXFQ questionnaire, a validated patient-reported outcome measure, was administered, and responses were analysed to derive the MOXFQ summary index.The study included 38 patients (staple group N=12 and plate and cross screw group N=26). 23 patients were female and 15 were male. Mean age was 64.8 years (SD 9.02; 40 to 82). Initial analysis showed no significant difference in preoperative MOXFQ scores between the groups (p = 0.04). Postoperatively, the staple group exhibited a mean improvement of 36.17, surpassing the plate group's mean improvement of 23. Paired t-test analysis revealed a statistically significant difference (t-score= 2.5, p = 0.008), favouring the use of staples.The findings indicate that the use of staples in MTPJ arthrodesis resulted in a significantly greater improvement in MOXFQ scores compared to plates. Further research is needed to explore the underlying factors contributing to this difference and to evaluate long-term effects on patient outcomes.
Evaluation of contrast sensitivity in visually impaired individuals using K-CS test. A novel smartphone-based contrast sensitivity test–Design and validation
Authors: Karampatakis Vasileios , P. Papadopoulou Eleni , Almpanidou Stavroula , Karamitopoulos Leonidas , Almaliotis Diamantis 
Published: February 2024

Background
To describe the development and investigate the accuracy of a novel smartphone-based Contrast Sensitivity (CS) application, the K-CS test.

Methods
A total of 67 visually impaired and 50 normal participants were examined monocularly using the novel digital K-CS test and the Pelli-Robson (PR) chart. The K-CS test examines letter contrast sensitivity in logarithmic units, using eight levels of contrast from logCS = ~0,1 to logCS = ~2,1 at two spatial frequencies of 1.5 and 3 cycles per degree (cpd). The K-CS test was compared to the gold standard, PR test and intra-session test repeatability was also examined.

Results
The K-CS test in normally sighted was found to agree well with the PR, providing comparable mean scores in logCS (±SD) (K-CS = 1.908 ± 0.06 versus PR = 1.93 ± 0.05) at 1.5 cpd and mean (± SD) logCS at 3 cpd (K-CS = 1.83 ± 0.13 versus PR = 1.86 ± 0.07). The mean best corrected visual acuity of visually impaired participants was 0.67 LogMAR (SD = 0.21) and the K-CS was also found to agree well with the Pelli-Robson in this group, with an equivalent mean (±SD) logCS at 1.5 cpd: (K-CS = 1.19 ± 0.27, PR = 1.15 ± 0.31), 3 cpd: K-CS = 1.01 ± 0.33, PR = 0.94 ± 0.34. Regarding the intra-session test repeatability, both the K-CS test and the PR test showed good repeatability in terms of the 95% limits of agreement (LoA): K-CS = ±0.112 at 1.5 cpd and ±0.133 at 3 cpd, PR = ±0.143 at 1.5 cpd and ±0.183 in 3 cpd in visually impaired individuals.

Conclusion
The K-CS test provides a quick assessment of the CS both in normally sighted and visually impaired individuals. The K-CS could serve as an alternative tool to assess contrast sensitivity function using a smartphone and provides results that agree well with the commonly used PR test.
Same-day versus rapid ART initiation in HIV-positive individuals presenting with symptoms of tuberculosis: Protocol for an open-label randomized non-inferiority trial in Lesotho and Malawi
Authors: Gerber Felix , Semphere Robina , Lukau Blaise , Mahlatsi Palesa , Mtenga Timeo , Lee Tristan , Kohler Maurus , Glass Tracy Renée , Amstutz Alain , Molatelle Mamello , MacPherson Peter , Marake Nthuseng Bridgett , Nliwasa Marriot , Ayakaka Irene , Burke Rachael , Labhardt Niklaus 
Published: February 2024

Background
In absence of contraindications, same-day initiation (SDI) of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is recommended for people testing HIV-positive who are ready to start treatment. Until 2021, World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines considered the presence of TB symptoms (presumptive TB) a contraindication to SDI due to the risk of TB-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS). To reduce TB-IRIS risk, ART initiation was recommended to be postponed until results of TB investigations were available, and TB treatment initiated if active TB was confirmed. In 2021, the WHO guidelines changed to recommending SDI even in the presence of TB symptoms without awaiting results of TB investigations based on the assumption that TB investigations often unnecessarily delay ART initiation, increasing the risk for pre-ART attrition from care, and noting that the clinical relevance of TB-IRIS outside the central nervous system remains unclear. However, this guideline change was not based on conclusive evidence, and it remains unclear whether SDI of ART or TB test results should be prioritized in people with HIV (PWH) and presumptive TB.

Design and methods
SaDAPT is an open-label, pragmatic, parallel, 1:1 individually randomized, non-inferiority trial comparing two strategies for the timing of ART initiation in PWH with presumptive TB (“ART first” versus “TB results first”). PWH in Lesotho and Malawi, aged 12 years and older (re)initiating ART who have at least one TB symptom (cough, fever, night sweats or weight loss) and no signs of intracranial infection are eligible. After a baseline assessment, participants in the “ART first” arm will be offered SDI of ART, while those in the “TB results first” arm will be offered ART only after active TB has been confirmed or refuted. We hypothesize that the “ART first” approach is safe and non-inferior to the “TB results first” approach with regard to HIV viral suppression (<400 copies/ml) six months after enrolment. Secondary outcomes include retention in care and adverse events consistent with TB-IRIS.

Expected outcomes
SaDAPT will provide evidence on the safety and effects of SDI of ART in PWH with presumptive TB in a pragmatic clinical trial setting.

Trial registration
The trial has been registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05452616; July 11 2022).
Temporary childbirth migration and maternal health care in India
Authors: Diamond-Smith Nadia , Gopalakrishnan Lakshmi , Patil Sumeet , Fernald Lia , Menon Purnima , Walker Dilys , El Ayadi Alison M. 
Published: February 2024

Background
Women in South Asia often return to their natal home during pregnancy, for childbirth, and stay through the postpartum period—potentially impacting access to health care and health outcomes in this important period. However, this phenomenon is understudied (and not even named) in the demographic or health literature, nor do we know how it impacts health.

Objective
The aim of this study is to measure the magnitude, timing, duration, risk factors and impact on care of this phenomenon, which we name Temporary Childbirth Migration.

Methods
Using data from 9,033 pregnant and postpartum women collected in 2019 in two large states of India (Madhya Pradesh and Bihar) we achieve these aims using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models, combined with qualitative data from community health workers about this practice.

Results
We find that about one third of women return to their natal home at some point in pregnancy or postpartum, mostly clustered close to the time of delivery. Younger, primiparous, and non-Hindu women were more likely to return to their natal home. Women reported that they went to their natal home because they believed that they would receive better care; this was born out by our analysis in Bihar, but not Madhya Pradesh, for prenatal care.

Conclusions
Temporary childbirth migration is common, and, contrary to expectations, did not lead to disruptions in care, but rather led to more access to care.

Contribution
We describe a hitherto un-named, underexplored yet common phenomenon that has implications for health care use and potentially health outcomes.
Gender-based stigma and the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS among older women: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Vu Thi , Manalel Jasmine , Nyhan Kate , Wang Katie , Monin Joan 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
The population of women aged 50 years and older living with HIV is increasing. Older women face unique challenges in the prevention and management of HIV; however, they are often under engaged in HIV/AIDS research. One such challenge is gender-based stigma, which can be manifested through harmful gendered stereotypes, discrimination, prejudice, and sexism that could potentially hinder HIV care engagement among this population. We propose a scoping review to identify and synthesize evidence pertaining to how experiences of gender-based stigma impacts HIV prevention and care among older women.

Materials and methods
We will use the framework by Arksey and O’Malley and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) to conduct this scoping review. We will search MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Scopus for empirical literature published between January 1981 and the date of search commencement. Supplementary screening will be conducted using backwards citation chaining of the final list of included full-text articles. Two reviewers will independently screen all titles and abstracts for articles that meet the predetermined inclusion criteria. Two reviewers will also screen full-text articles and chart data using a standardized data collection form.

Results
We will synthesize the findings through tables, charts, and narrative summaries. We will also identify gaps in the current literature and provide recommendations for future research. Findings will be shared at conferences and submitted to a peer-reviewed publication.

Discussion
To our knowledge, this will be the first scoping review to examine gender-based stigma in relation to HIV prevention and care among older women. We anticipate that our results will be of interest to older women living with HIV, healthcare providers, policy makers, and community activists working to improve quality of life and care experiences for older women living with HIV.
contribuição da sala de recursos na aprendizagem do estudante com deficiência
Authors: Silva Elian Marinho , Aquino Joabson Melo Silva de 
Published: February 2024

O artigo apresenta os resultados de pesquisas relacionadas à educação de crianças, adolescentes e jovens com necessidades educacionais especiais, onde foi dada ênfase à busca de uma possível solução para os problemas relativos à atenção à diversidade. O objetivo do presente trabalho é a modelagem de uma concepção de recursos e suportes para a atenção educacional aos alunos com essas características, mediada pela formação docente. A utilização do método de análise de conteúdo em sua modalidade descritivo-explicativa, modelagem e sistematização de experiências foram os caminhos para a integração de julgamentos, critérios, pontos de vista e avaliações que nortearam a proposta e sua implementação a partir das possibilidades oferecidas pela formação docente. As necessidades educacionais especiais estão relacionadas à deficiência e a estados como alterações comportamentais, dificuldades de aprendizagem generalizadas ou específicas, altas habilidades intelectuais, defasagem educacional e situações sociais diversas; sua complexidade implica um desafio profissional ao qual responde a concepção de desenvolvedor proposta, cuja metodologia fornece soluções alternativas por meio de oficinas de reflexão implementadas com professores em unidades educacionais. Os resultados permitiram concluir que os professores incorporem em sua atuação profissional, elementos teóricos e práticos que favorecessem a atenção aos alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais em condições de inclusão educacional, por meio da reavaliação de recursos e apoio a boas práticas em uma escola inclusiva.
Os efeitos do Programa Auxílio Emergencial sobre os indicadores da COVID-19: uma análise por Propensity Score Matching
Authors: Caetano de Sousa Junior Valdecy , Rodrigues de Oliveira Raphael , Giomo Danniele 
Published: February 2024

O objetivo do artigo é avaliar a eficácia do Programa Auxílio Emergencial (PAE) na redução da probabilidade de os indivíduos apresentarem sintomas relacionados ou testarem positivo para Covid-19. A hipótese testada é que pessoas que receberam Auxílio Emergencial puderam reduzir a circulação e manter um grau mais alto de isolamento social, e por isso tiveram menor propensão a apresentar sintomas relacionados e ou testarem positivo. A metodologia adotada foram os modelos de Pareamento por Escore de Propensão (PSM), com dados da pesquisa PNAD-COVID19 (IBGE) do período de maio a dezembro de 2020. Os resultados encontrados confirmam a hipótese deste trabalho.
«El arte existe por la necesidad humana de plasmar nuestra experiencia viva»
Authors: Solá Paola 
Published: February 2024

Escritora, cineasta y guionista, Paula Markovitch nace el 28 de mayo de 1968 en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hija de los artistas Genoveva Edelstein y Armando Markovitch -insiliados en San Clemente del Tuyú durante la última dictadura militar- creció en una pequeña y modesta casa frente al mar rodeada del arte de sus padres. Con una inclinación temprana hacia las letras, escribe desde los ocho años y aún hoy recuerda con cariño y admiración sus primeras obras escritas en un taller de dramaturgia dictado por Griselda Gambaro. En la ciudad de Córdoba, conoce al guionista y cineasta Sergio Schmuler, quien le propone mudarse a México para poder trabajar y vivir de la escritura -entre otros textos- de guiones cinematográficos. Allí, lleva dirigidas cuatro películas.
Sus películas están atravesadas por una mirada sobre el arte como una necesidad vital transformadora tanto para el artista como para el mundo, en las que busca trasmitir lo que llama una experiencia viva.