bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An amino acid mixture, enriched with Krebs cycle intermediates, enhances extracellular matrix gene expression in cultured human fibroblasts
Authors: Ragni Maurizio , Canciani Luca , Spataro Letizia , Ruocco Chiara , Valerio Alessandra , Nisoli Enzo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the human body, the skin is one of the organs most affected by the aging process. Nutritional approaches aimed to counteract the age-induced decline of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition could be a valuable tool to decrease the degenerative processes underlying skin aging. Here, we investigated the ability of a six-amino acid plus hyaluronic acid (6AAH) formulation enriched with tricarboxylic acid (TCA) intermediates to stimulate ECM gene expression. To this aim, human BJ fibroblasts were treated with 6AAH alone or plus succinate or malate alone or succinate plus malate (6AAHSM), and mRNA levels of several ECM markers were evaluated. 6AAHSM increased the expression of all the ECM markers significantly above 6AAH alone or plus only succinate or malate. Furthermore, in an in vitro oxidative damage model, 6AAHSM blunted the hydrogen peroxide-induced decline in ECM gene expression. Our data suggest that feeding cells with 6AAH enriched with TCAs could efficiently be employed as a non-pharmacological approach for counteracting skin aging.
Discount models
Authors: Filipović Damir 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDiscount is the difference between the face value of a bond and its present value. We propose an arbitrage-free dynamic framework for discount models, which provides an alternative to the Heath–Jarrow–Morton framework for forward rates. We derive general consistency conditions for factor models, and discuss affine term structure models in particular. There are several open problems, and we outline possible directions for further research.
A stochastic control perspective on term structure models with roll-over risk
Authors: Fontana Claudio , Pavarana Simone , Runggaldier Wolfgang J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a generic interest rate market in the presence of roll-over risk, which generates spreads in spot/forward term rates. We do not require classical absence of arbitrage and rely instead on a minimal market viability assumption, which enables us to work in the context of the benchmark approach. In a Markovian setting, we extend the control-theoretic approach of Gombani and Runggaldier (Math. Finance23 (2013) 659–686) and derive representations of spot/forward spreads as value functions of suitable stochastic optimal control problems, formulated under the real-world probability and with power-type objective functionals. We determine endogenously the funding–liquidity spread by relating it to the risk-sensitive optimisation problem of a representative investor.
Impact of permeability anisotropy misalignment on flow rates predicted by hydrogeological models
Authors: Poulet Thomas , Sheldon Heather A. , Kelka Ulrich , Behnoudfar Pouria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe notion of permeability is critical to compute underground fluid flow. In most cases rock permeability is anisotropic, due to physical processes including gravitational compaction, which often results in the principal permeability directions being approximately horizontal and vertical in undeformed rocks. However, rocks often are tilted and/or deformed over time, therefore permeability orientation varies. Anisotropic permeability with varying orientation is hard to quantify in three-dimensional (3D) models and is therefore sometimes approximated, for convenience, by setting the principal permeability directions to horizontal and vertical, and assuming that corresponding errors in fluid flow might be negligible when the change in orientation is minimal. This study shows how minor misalignment of the permeability tensor can lead to large errors in fluid flow magnitude and corresponding transport times for strongly anisotropic rocks. It also provides a method to set anisotropic permeability orientation appropriately in geometrically complex 3D models using implicit 3D geological modelling. The misalignment is particularly costly when fluid flow is localised in thin channels, where a misalignment of just 5° leads to errors of two orders of magnitude for anisotropy ratios (between the largest and smallest principal values of the permeability tensor) of 104. It is therefore recommended to set anisotropic permeability accurately, using longitudinal and transverse components along with their respective orientations, rather than horizontal and vertical components. This approach will become increasingly important as 3D models gain realism in their representation of complex geometries.
Statistically validated coeherence and intensity in temporal networks of information flows
Authors: Pagnottoni Paolo , Spelta Alessandro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe propose a method for characterizing the local structure of weighted multivariate time series networks. We draw intensity and coherence of network motifs, i.e. statistically recurrent subgraphs, to characterize the system behavior via higher-order structures derived upon effective transfer entropy networks. The latter consists of a model-free methodology enabling to correct for small sample biases affecting Shannon transfer entropy, other than conducting inference on the estimated directional time series information flows. We demonstrate the usefulness of our proposed method with an application to a set of global commodity prices. Our main result shows that, despite simple triadic structures are the most intense, coherent and statistically recurrent over time, their intensity suddenly decreases after the Global Financial Crisis, in favor of most complex triadic structures, while all types of subgraphs tend to become more coherent thereafter.
Pandemic and infodemic: the spread of misinformation about COVID-19 from a cultural evolutionary perspective
Authors: Häusler Lara , Baraghith Karim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we critically consider the analogy between “infodemic” and “pandemic”, i.e. the spread of fake news about COVID-19 as a medial virus and the infection with the biological virus itself from the perspective of cultural evolutionary theory (CET). After confronting three major shortcomings of the ‘infodemic’ concept, we use CET as a background framework to analyze this phenomenon. To do so, we summarize which bi-ases are crucial for transmission in terms of cultural selection and how transmission is restricted by filter bubbles or echo chambers acting as TRIMS (transmission isolating mechanisms) post “infection”, which isolate false from trustworthy scientific information in the context of the Corona pandemic. This is followed by a demonstration of the threat to biological fitness posed by the effects of an infection with fake news, which leads to a reduced willingness to vaccinate and follow health measures. We identify fake news on Covid as pseudoscience, trying to immunize itself from external influences. We then address the question of how to combat the infodemic. Since debunking strategies, such as warnings by fact-checking, have proven relatively ineffective in combating fake news, the inoculation theory from psychology might offer an alternative solution. Through its underlying ‘prebunking strategy’, which educates individuals about the risks and tactics of fake news prior to a potential infection, they could be ‘immunized’ in advance, similar to a virological vaccination. Although we recognize that the pandemic/infodemic analogy is in fact far from perfect, we believe that CET could provide a theoretical underpinning in order to give much more semantic depth to the concept ‘infodemic’.
Enhanced Bactericidal Effects and Drug Delivery with Gentamicin-Conjugated Nanoparticles
Authors: Athauda I. D. , Shetty M. G. , Pai P. , Hegde M. , Gurumurthy S. C. , Babitha K. S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAmid the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains in human populations, novel solutions are necessary. Nanoparticles, renowned for their adaptability, offer a diverse range of research avenues, notably as antibacterial agents. Coupling antibiotics with nanoparticles stands out as a potential strategy, effectively intriguing drug delivery challenges and circumventing antibiotic resistance. This review focuses on studies of nanoparticles in conjugation with the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin and their effectiveness as novel nanoparticle conjugates, their applications in drug delivery and enhanced bactericidal effects. In most cases, the nanoparticle conjugates were found to efficiently kill different bacterial strains, which was mainly dependent on the size, stability and concentration of the nanoparticles. Despite the several limitations such as nanotoxicity, accumulation of intravenously injected nanomaterials in tissues and organs, the urge and potential for the advancement of nanoparticle-drug conjugates still demands more scientific advancements.
Overcoming seed dormancy of Taxus baccata L. by embryo rescue leads to germination and seedling growth
Authors: He Junou , Favero Bruno Trevenzoli , Chen Xuefei , Müller Renate , Lütken Henrik 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHairy roots generated by Rhizobium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of yew (Taxus spp.) is a promising approach to enhance production of Taxol® (paclitaxel), which is one of the most effective anticancer drugs. As a prerequisite, it is pivotal to successfully produce Taxus seedlings for transformation. However, the deep dormancy of Taxus seeds leads to extreme difficulties in seed germination. Therefore, embryo rescue has been used to break the dormancy of Taxus baccata seeds, thereby producing seedlings for transformation. In the current study, a successful strategy of embryo rescue was to sterilize the surface of T. baccata seeds collected from the field at two different maturity stages (low and high). The strategy resulted in 100% germination rate, but it was worth noting that not all germinated embryos grew into fully developed plants. As a result, the present experiment introduced an innovative indicator—fully developed seedling index—to describe the growth of seedlings developed by germinated embryos. Collectively, the data revealed that 21 ± 4% of the seedlings eventually grew into fully developed plants. Regarding the development of the seedlings, the fully developed seedling index increased initially along with seedling growth, reaching a peak after 2 weeks. Subsequently, the fully developed seedling index from low maturity seeds and high maturity seeds began to decrease until it stabilized after 4 weeks and 7 weeks, respectively. Consequently, the new findings proved helpful to select T. baccata seeds with appropriate maturity, hence developing a reliable technique to produce viable seedlings for a transformation pipeline.
Impacts of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on Acute Coronary Syndrome: Evidence and Controversies
Authors: Shi Shun-Yi , Jia Fang , Wang Meng-Fei , Zhou Ya-Feng , Li Jian-Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are two clinically common disease entities that share numerous risk factors. This review aimed to discuss the impacts of NAFLD on ACS.

Recent Findings
In an era of improved control of traditional risk factors, the substantial burden of cardiometabolic abnormalities has caused widespread concern. NAFLD is considered the hepatic component of metabolic syndrome, which can exert an impact on human health beyond the liver. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that NAFLD is closely related to cardiovascular disease, especially coronary artery disease. Interestingly, although recent data have suggested an association between NAFLD and the incidence and outcomes of ACS, the results are not consistent.

Summary
In this review, we comprehensively summarized evidence and controversies regarding whether NAFLD is a contributor to either the development of ACS or worse outcomes in patients with ACS. The potential pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms involved in the impacts of NAFLD on ACS were also elucidated.
Effects of Nuts, Dried Fruits, Dried Seeds and Black Olives as Enrichment Ingredients on Acrylamide Concentrations in Sweet and Savoury Biscuits
Authors: Schouten Maria Alessia , Santanatoglia Agnese , Angeloni Simone , Ricciutelli Massimo , Acquaticci Laura , Caprioli Giovanni , Vittori Sauro , Romani Santina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of adding 10% almonds, pistachios, apricots, plums, sesame seeds, sunflower seeds, and black olives to sweet and savoury biscuits on acrylamide (AA) concentration. These ingredients, which are increasingly used to enrich bakery products, can increase the final AA content, because they contain its precursors and sometimes AA itself, due to the processing treatments they undergo. The AA and some quality characteristics of all ingredients and biscuit samples were analysed. The results showed that sweet biscuits with almonds, pistachios and apricots had AA concentrations exceeding the European benchmark level (350 µg/kg), while those with plums had a lower value (190.7 µg/kg). The enriched savoury biscuits had significantly higher AA concentrations than the control (198.9 µg/kg), up to + 163%. A 10% addition of enrichment ingredients to biscuits can lead to high AA concentrations, highlighting the need for further studies aimed at its mitigation in bakery products.
Dimensionality and reliability of the online version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) in a large Colombian sample: Results from the PSY-COVID study
Authors: Sanabria-Mazo Juan P. , Gómez-Acosta Andrés , Castro-Muñoz John Alexander , Rojas Yonatan Ferney , Feliu-Soler Albert , Luciano Juan V. , Sanz Antoni 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is an ultra-brief screening instrument to measure depressive and anxiety symptoms. This study evaluated the dimensionality and reliability of the online version of the PHQ-4 in a large sample of the general population in Colombia. Data were collected during the first phase of lockdown measures occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 18,061 adult participants completed the online version of the PHQ-4. The characteristics of the items and subscales were explored. Dimensionality was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), including an examination of invariance (configural, metric, and scalar) across socio-demographic characteristics. Reliability indices were computed and known-groups validity was addressed by estimating associations between PHQ-4 scores and socio-demographic characteristics. The CFA showed significantly adequate fit indices for the expected two-factor structure, being invariant across gender, age, income level, education level, and region. Internal consistency was satisfactory for the PHQ-2 (α = .83), the GAD-2 (α = .79), and the PHQ-4 (α = .86). Higher scores on depressive (PHQ-2), anxiety (GAD-2), and psychological distress (PHQ-4) symptoms in females and young people, and those respondents with lower income, unemployed, and lower level of education were observed. The findings indicate that the PHQ-4 is a reliable scale for depressive and anxiety symptoms among adult Colombian people, being recommendable this tool for online surveys.
Treatment of elderly patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the nationwide POPular age registry
Authors: Gimbel Marieke E. , Chan Pin Yin Dean R. P. P. , van den Broek Wout W. A. , Hermanides Renicus S. , Kauer Floris , Tavenier Annerieke H. , Schellings Dirk , Brinckman Stijn L. , The Salem H. K. , Stoel Martin G. , Heestermans Ton A. C. M. , Rasoul Saman , Emans Mireille E. , van de Wetering Machiel , van Bergen Paul F. M. M. , Walhout Ronald , Nicastia Debby , Aksoy Ismail , van ’t Hof Arnoud , Knaapen Paul , Botman Cees-Joost , Liem Anho , de Nooijer Cornelis , Peper Joyce , Kelder Johannes C. , ten Berg Jurriën M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
We describe the current treatment of elderly patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) enrolled in a national registry.

Methods
The POPular AGE registry is a prospective, multicentre study of patients ≥ 75 years of age presenting with NSTEMI, performed in the Netherlands. Management was at the discretion of the treating physician. Cardiovascular events consisted of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke. Bleeding was classified according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) criteria.

Results
A total of 646 patients were enrolled between August 2016 and May 2018. Median age was 81 (IQR 77–84) years and 58% were male. Overall, 75% underwent coronary angiography, 40% percutaneous coronary intervention, and 11% coronary artery bypass grafting, while 49.8% received pharmacological therapy only. At discharge, dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitor) was prescribed to 56.7%, and 27.4% received oral anticoagulation plus at least one antiplatelet agent. At 1‑year follow-up, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke had occurred in 13.6% and major bleeding (BARC 3 and 5) in 3.9% of patients. The risk of both cardiovascular events and major bleeding was highest during the 1st month. However, cardiovascular risk was three times as high as bleeding risk in this elderly population, both after 1 month and after 1 year.

Conclusions
In this national registry of elderly patients with NSTEMI, the majority are treated according to current European Society of Cardiology guidelines. Both the cardiovascular and bleeding risk are highest during the 1st month after NSTEMI. However, the cardiovascular risk was three times as high as the bleeding risk.
Applicability of sawdust as a green additive to improve the rheological and filtration properties of water-based drilling fluid: an experimental investigation
Authors: Shuvo Md. Ashiqul Islam , Sultan Md. Zayed Bin , Ferdous A. R. Rafi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDrilling fluid is essential to oil and gas drilling operations due to its diverse functionality. But the most commonly used drilling fluid additives are hazardous chemicals and are not biodegradable. As a result, the demand for environment-friendly additives has been raised to replace the hazardous chemical additives. Considering the rising interest toward green additive, this study examined the applicability of sawdust to be used as a biodegradable drilling fluid additive to improve the rheological and filtration properties of water-based mud. Sawdust was chosen for this study because of its high cellulose content, widespread availability, and low cost. Following the guidelines set by the American Petroleum Institute (API), we carried out laboratory experiments that encompassed three distinct concentrations of sawdust: sample 1 (with 0.25% sawdust), sample 2 (with 0.50% sawdust), and sample 3 (with 0.75% sawdust). The concentrations of sawdust were measured as a weight percentage of the total volume of the base water. Concentrations above 0.75% led to gelation issues. Results showed minimal impact on mud weight at 0.25% sawdust, while 0.50 and 0.75% concentrations caused slight weight reduction due to foam development. Plastic viscosity increased by 28.5, 42.8, and 71.4% for sample 1, sample 2, and sample 3, respectively, compared to the base mud. Sawdust-containing mud exhibited desirable gel strength and shear-thinning behavior. Moreover, sawdust significantly improved filtration properties by reducing fluid loss and mud cake thickness. Sample 2 (0.5% sawdust) performed well in terms of filtration properties. Mud cake permeability followed the trend: $${k}_{\mathrm{BM}}>{k}_{0.75\% \mathrm{sawdust}}>{k}_{0.25\% \mathrm{sawdust}}>{k}_{0.50\% \mathrm{sawdust}}$$

k
BM

>

k

0.75
%
sawdust

>

k

0.25
%
sawdust

>

k

0.50
%
sawdust

. Based on promising laboratory performance, lower concentrations of sawdust are recommended as a cost-effective and eco-friendly additive to enhance rheological and filtration properties of water-based drilling fluid systems.
The relationship between speculation and translation in Bioethics: methods and methodologies
Authors: Johnson Tess , Romanis Elizabeth Chloe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere are increasing pressures for bioethics to emphasise ‘translation’. Against this backdrop, we defend ‘speculative bioethics’. We explore speculation as an important tool and line of bioethical inquiry. Further, we examine the relationship between speculation and translational bioethics and posit that speculation can support translational work. First, speculative research might be conducted as ethical analysis of contemporary issues through a new lens, in which case it supports translational work. Second, speculation might be a first step prior to translational work on a topic. Finally, speculative bioethics might constitute different content altogether, without translational objectives. For each conception of speculative bioethics, important methodological aspects determine whether it constitutes good bioethics research. We conclude that whether speculative bioethics is compatible with translational bioethics—and to what extent—depends on whether it is being employed as tool or content. Applying standards of impact uniformly across bioethics may inappropriately limit speculative bioethics.
Postdigital Collective Memory: Media Practices Against Total Design
Authors: Jelewska Agnieszka 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe article presents the concept of postdigital collective memory—a proposal that opens possible research fields for postdigital science and education. Postdigital collective memory is co-created between human and nonhuman beings and technological media, with the latter treated as sensitive sensors. In order to exemplify this concept, the article presents research results from field practices and design workshops conducted by the Humanities/Art/Technology Research Center at Lake Elsensee-Rusałka in Poznań and the prototype of the Sensitive Data Lake (SDL)—a digital environment project incorporating human and nonhuman actants and attempting to restore a shared narrative about a place whose history has been suppressed and has faded from public memory. This lake is one of many examples of what Tony Fry calls ‘total design’: it was created during World War II, through the forced labor of Jewish prisoners, as part of the Nazi expansion into the East; and the project attempted to redesign the environment and remove the local inhabitants. Following the theories that analyze the long duration of ‘total design’ (Fry) and the concepts of transitions design (Escobar), the author’s own Critical Media Design (CMD) method was applied to develop various experimental strategies for design and educational work related to the history and memory of the Elsensee-Rusałka site in the postdigital reality.
Human Rights, Interpretivism, and the Semantic Sting
Authors: Costa Val Rodrigues Gabriel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhat are human rights? What makes a particular human rights claim ‘genuine’ or ‘valid’? These are difficult questions with which current philosophical literature on human rights is concerned. They are also the same kind of questions that legal philosophers asked about Law throughout the 20th century. Drawing from the similarities between the two fields, I attempt to do with the concept of human rights something similar to what Ronald Dworkin accomplished with that of Law in Law’s Empire. First, I offer a critique of the two dominant perspectives on human rights—the Orthodox and Political views—that is similar in character to Dworkin’s Semantic Sting objection to Legal Positivism. Second, I sketch an alternative, Dworkinian-inspired framework that seeks to develop the notion of human rights as an interpretive concept. According to this framework, different accounts of human rights are to be understood as expressing different interpretations of the point (or purpose) of human rights practice.