bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oldendorp’s “Amina”
Authors: Kelley Sean M. , Lovejoy Paul E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article seeks both to model an approach to African and diasporic ethnonyms and to contribute to a long-running debate on the significance of “Mina”/ “Amina,” an ethnonym that was widespread throughout the Americas. In a narrow sense, it argues that the term “Amina,” as used in one key source, C.G.A. Oldendorp’s history of the Moravian missions in the Danish Caribbean, signified the Asante state, specifically, and not the broader pan-Akan identity implied in some sources, nor the narrower “Aquambo” identity that emerges from others. More broadly, it proposes that the proper historical contextualization of ethnonyms is essential to understanding the process of identity formation in the Diaspora.
Bullying, Peer Victimization, and Quality of Life in Pediatric Hearing Loss Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rahman Rahiq , Tey Ching Siong , Matthews Saria , Govil Nandini 
Published: October 2023

Objective: The primary objective of this pilot study is to describe the impacts of bullying and peer victimization (BPV) in children with hearing loss. Study design: Prospective clinical survey study. Methods: This pilot study enrolled children between 8 and 18 years who were administered validated surveys at an outpatient clinic between July 2020 and March 2022. Surveys included health-related quality of life questionnaires (PedsQL and EQ-5D-Y), along with bullying and peer victimization questionnaires (“My Life in School” and the multidimensional peer victimization scale). Responses were scored with multivariate analysis. Clinical histories and active ICD-10 codes were also collected. Results: About 105 patients were recruited with a mean age of 13.1 years (SD = 3.15) and hearing loss (n = 30) among the top otolaryngological diagnoses. When surveying patients with hearing loss, 50.0% (n = 15) actively used a hearing aid device. Children (ages 8-12 years) with hearing loss reported a significantly lower psychosocial health-related quality of life than their peers without hearing loss ( P = .007), though this was not the case for adolescents (ages 13-18 years) with hearing loss ( P = .099). These trends did not change significantly before or after students resumed in-person classes. Children who wore hearing aids did not report a different BPV level than their peers. Conclusion: In this small sample of school-aged children, any hearing loss, even with mild severity, was associated with diminished health-related quality of life; however, this was unrelated to hearing aid use. Wearing a hearing aid did not appear to be linked to higher bullying and peer victimization rates. Along with further studies on BPV with larger sample sizes, the findings in this study may help physicians counsel parents and children on the psychosocial aspects of hearing loss treatment and guide care decisions. Level of Evidence: 3
Combining C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and serum albumin to predict long-term mortality in patients with infective endocarditis
Authors: Karaca Banu , Esin Fatma , Tiryaki Muhammet Mücahit , Akkan Gökhun , Kiris Tuncay 
Published: October 2023

Objective To determine the predictive value of C-reactive protein (CRP) plus albumin plus procalcitonin for long-term mortality in patients with infective endocarditis. Methods This retrospective study included patients hospitalized with infective endocarditis between February 2008 and December 2021. CRP, procalcitonin, and albumin levels were measured within 24 h of admission and dichotomized as high or low. A CRP plus procalcitonin plus albumin points system (range, 3–6) was generated based on high or low CRP, procalcitonin, and albumin concentrations. Patients were divided into two groups: low-risk (≤4 points) and high-risk (>4 points), according to total score. The primary outcome was defined as all-cause mortality rate at long-term follow-up. Results Out of 204 patients in total, the high-risk group ( n = 29) had higher procalcitonin and CRP levels versus the low-risk group ( n = 175), but lower albumin level versus the low-risk group (2.7 ± 0.5 versus 3.5 ± 0.6 g/dl). Matching based on propensity scores showed a higher mortality rate in high-risk versus low-risk patients (76% versus 44%, respectively). In multivariate analysis after matching, the high-risk group was associated with increased long-term mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 2.87, 95% confidence interval 1.32, 6.26). Conclusions: A high CRP plus albumin plus procalcitonin score was associated with long-term mortality risk in patients with infective endocarditis.
Biomechanical Assessment of Bicortical Suspension Device Fixation for Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Instability: Single Versus Double Device
Authors: Wang Shangcheng , Rice Olivia M. , Habet Nahir A. , CarlLee Tyler L. , Duemmler Marc , Wally Meghan , Odum Susan , Moorman Claude T. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Bicortical suspension device (BCSD) fixation treats proximal tibiofibular joint (PTFJ) instability in both the anterolateral and posteromedial directions. However, biomechanical data are lacking as to whether this technique restores the native stability and strength of the joint. Purpose: To test (1) if BCSD fixation restores the native stability and strength and (2) if using 2 devices is needed. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Sixteen pairs of fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens were obtained. Six pairs were assigned to the control group and 10 matched pairs assigned for transection to model PTFJ and subsequent BCSD fixation (one specimen with 1-device repair and the other with 2-device repair). Joint stability and strength were assessed by translating the fibular head relative to the fixed tibia either anterolaterally or posteromedially. Control specimens received 20 cycles of 0- to 2.5-mm joint displacement tests (subfailure) and then proceeded to load to failure (5 mm). For the experimental group, cyclic tests were repeated after ligament resection and after fixation. Forces and stiffness at 2.5- and 5-mm displacement were recorded for comparisons of joint strength and stability at subfailure and failure loads, respectively. Results: After repair of anterolateral instability, both the single- and double-device fixations successfully restored near-native states, with no significant differences as compared with the intact group for forces at subfailure load ( P = .410) or failure load ( P = .397). Regarding posteromedial instability, single-device repair did not restore forces to the near-native state at subfailure load (intact: 92.9 N vs single: 37.4 N; P = .001) or failure load (intact: 170.7 N vs single: 70.4 N; P = .024). However, the double-device repair successfully restored near-native posteromedial forces at both subfailure load ( P = .066) and failure load ( P = .723). Conclusion: For treatment of the most common form of PTFJ instability (anterolateral), this cadaveric study suggests that 1 BCSD is sufficient to restore stability and strength. The current biomechanical results also suggest that 2 devices are needed for restoring PTFJ posteromedial stability and strength. Using 2 devices addresses both types of instability and provides more PTFJ posteromedial stability. Clinical Relevance: The results suggest that 1 device should be used for treating anterolateral instability and 2 devices used for posteromedial instability based on the biomechanical study.
Improvement of mechanical and wear properties of epoxy/glass fiber/Titanium Carbide+Titanium diborides hybrid composites by adding clay nanoparticles
Authors: Shahrajabian Hamzeh , Hatami Hasan , Rafiei Mahdi 
Published: October 2023

In previous work, despite the positive effect of the titanium carbide + titanium diboride (TiC+TiB2) on the wear, hardness and erosion properties of the epoxy/glass fiber composites, the particles reduced tensile and flexural strength. This research targets to improve the tensile and flexural properties of the epoxy/glass fiber/TiC+TiB2 composites by adding clay nanoparticles in content of 1, 3, and 5 wt%. The effect of nano-clay content on mechanical (tensile, flexural, and hardness) properties and wear behavior of the hybrid composites was investigated. The field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) images revealed the morphology, the fracture surface and failure mechanisms of the composites. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of TiC+TiB2 particles and the nanocomposites. Tensile and flexural results showed that introducing clay nanoparticles increases tensile strength and flexural strength by 92% (from 116 to 223 MPa) and 67% (from 194 to 324 MPa), respectively. The nano-clay did not have a significant effect on the tensile and flexural modulus. The hardness increased from 35.1 to 79.4 HRP. Wear properties results revealed that clay nanoparticles improve the wear resistance of the composite samples significantly. The addition of 5 wt% of clay nanoparticles decreased wear rate from 3.7 to 0.4 mg/Nm.
Do Household Headship and Gender Affect Diet Quality under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)?
Authors: Lee Keehyun , Zhao Shuoli 
Published: October 2023

Purpose Examine whether the association between Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation and diet quality is different by gender and household headship. Design Quantitative, cross-sectional. Setting The 2007-2018 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Subjects 6180 individuals aged 20 to 65 with household annual income below 130% of the poverty level. Measures The outcome of diet quality was measured using the 2015 Healthy Eating Index (HEI) based on dietary intake from 24-hour diet recall. The exposures were self-reported participation in SNAP and socio-demographic variables. Analysis Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression models. Results The study found that female household heads had higher average total HEI scores relative to their male and non-head counterparts (β = 1.81, 95% CI: −.27, 3.88). However, for SNAP participants, female household heads had lower average total HEI scores (β = −3.67, 95% CI: −7.36, .11). Conclusion Female household heads are more likely to experience difficulty in maintaining diet quality relative to their counterparts. The study suggests that intra-household effort allocation may play an important role in differentiating and maintaining diet quality.
Zavegepant Intranasal Spray for Migraines
Authors: Martirosov Amber Lanae , Giuliano Christopher , Shupp Macy , Channey Sarah , Kale-Pradhan Pramodini B. 
Published: October 2023

Objective: The objective is to review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of intranasal zavegepant in the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura. Data source: PubMed, Embase database, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched using the following terms: Zavzpret, Zavegepant, BHV-3500, and migraine. Study selection and data extraction: Articles published in English from January 2013 to September 2023 related to pharmacology, safety, efficacy, and clinical trials were assessed. Data synthesis: In a phase 2/3 trial, zavegepant 10 and 20 mg were more effective than placebo on primary endpoints of freedom of pain (22.5%, 23.1%, and 15.5%, respectively), and freedom from most bothersome symptoms (MBSs) (41.9%, 47.9%, and 33.7%, respectively) 2 hours after treatment. The incidence of adverse effects for both doses was similar to placebo. In a phase 3 trial, zavegepant 10 mg was compared with placebo. Two hours after treatment, more patients in the zavegepant group achieved pain freedom (24% vs 15%) and relief from MBSs (40% vs 31%) compared with placebo. Common adverse events included dysgeusia (21% zavegepant vs 5% placebo) and nasal discomfort (5% zavegepant vs 1% placebo). Relevance to patient care and clinical practice in comparison with existing drugs: Zavegepant is indicated for acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults. Zavegepant method of administration and prompt relief of migraine symptoms may be an attractive alternative to triptans for those in need of relief. Conclusion: Zavegepant may be a convenient and useful acute treatment option for migraines with and without aura.
Relationships of BRAF V600E Gene Mutation With Some Immunohistochemical Markers and Recurrence Rate in Patients With Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Bui Dang Minh Tri , Nghiem Duc Thuan , Phan Nguyen Thanh Van , Dinh Le Tuan , Duc Tong Minh , Hoang Nguyen Trung , Tuan Anh Le , Xuan Nguyen Kien , Tran Viet Tien , Ba Ta Thang , Tien Nguyen Son , Anh Vu Hai , Van Nguyen Ba , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Dung , Tran Quoc Viet , Bui Duc Thanh 
Published: October 2023

Background: The B-type rafkinase (BRAF) V600E gene mutation plays an important role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma. This study was conducted to investigate the rate of the BRAF V600E mutation, the relationships between the BRAF V600E gene mutation and some immunohistochemical markers, and recurrence rate in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Method: The study was conducted by a descriptive and longitudinal follow-up method on 102 thyroid carcinoma patients at 103 Military Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. All patients were identified with the BRAF V600E gene mutation by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The rate of BRAF V600E gene mutation in patients with thyroid cancer was 60.8%. Patients with BRAF V600E gene mutation had a significantly higher rate of positive cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and Ki67 markers than those without the mutation (COX-2: odds ratio [OR] = 2.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27-6.74, P = .011; Ki67: OR = 3.41; 95% CI = 1.31-8.88, P = .01). A statistically significant relationship was identified between the rate of BRAF V600E mutation and the rate of positive Hector Battifora mesothelial 1 (HBME-1) (B = −1.040; P = .037) and COX-2 (B = −1.123; P = .023) markers. The recurrence rate in patients with BRAF V600E gene mutation was significantly higher than that in those without the mutation ( P = .007). The mean of the recurrence time of patients with BRAF V600E mutation was significantly lower than that in those without the mutation ( P = .011). Conclusions: A high prevalence of BRAF V600E gene mutation was found in thyroid carcinoma patients. The rates of positive HBME-1, COX-2, and Ki67 markers were significantly correlated to BRAF V600E gene mutation. Patients with BRAF V600E gene mutation showed a significantly higher relapse rate and earlier relapse time than those without the mutation.
Patient and multidisciplinary health professional perceptions of an Australian geriatric evaluation and management and rehabilitation hospital in the home service
Authors: Cox Ruth , Kyle Greg , Suzuki Anya , Wishart Laurelie , McCusker Melissa , McConnell Alexander , Ward Elizabeth C , Ross Leo , Webb Clare 
Published: October 2023

Objectives Hospital in the Home models are rapidly expanding in response to increasing bed pressures. This study examined patient and multidisciplinary health professional perceptions of a new geriatric evaluation and management and rehabilitation hospital in the home service in Australia. The service was unique, as adults of all ages with a variety of rehabilitation or geriatric evaluation and management needs were within scope. Methods A qualitative descriptive approach was used with a consumer co-researcher and a consumer advisor being integral to decision-making. Patient feedback was collected via a paper-based patient satisfaction survey between August 2020 and February 2022. Additionally, interviews with current and past staff were conducted from July to November 2021. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted for qualitative data and descriptive statistics used for quantitative data. Results Patient surveys were analysed ( n = 199, 42.2% response rate) with 60.8% of participants aged 75 years or over and 26.6% speaking a language other than English. High satisfaction was expressed. Feelings of comfort, familiarity, convenience, and reassurance were voiced. A person-centred approach enhanced involvement in care. Challenges included carer burden and clear communication. Sixteen staff (33% response rate) were interviewed. In general, staff said the service was inclusive and responsive, and the home environment beneficial, particularly for patients from culturally diverse backgrounds. A strong hospital partnership and comprehensive multidisciplinary approach were vital. Challenges included fragmentation due to part-time roles and combining with a pre-existing acute hospital in the home service. Conclusions This qualitative exploration of staff and patients’ perceptions of a geriatrician-led, multidisciplinary geriatric evaluation and management and rehabilitation hospital in the home service demonstrated that it was person-centred and optimised patients’ control and ownership of care. The inclusive service parameters ensured responsiveness to diverse needs whilst allowing earlier return home from hospital, both of which are vital for quality patient care.
Connecting, learning, supporting: Caregivers’ experiences of a stress and distress biopsychosocial group intervention
Authors: Wilson Craig F , Turnbull Sue , Gadon Lisa 
Published: October 2023

Background Family caregivers are fundamental in supporting people living with dementia to remain at home, however, psychological distress can occur as a result of their caring role. Research into interventions for caregivers of people living with young-onset dementia, including their experience of and the mediating processes of such interventions, remains limited. Methods An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis explored caregiver experiences and influence on caregiving of participating in a “Responding to Distress in Dementia” group. Five family caregivers were interviewed with discussions covering the period from first noticing symptoms to the interview session. Results Within the group experience, four superordinate themes were identified: ‘connecting to other caregivers’, ‘l earning about caregiving’, ‘ group factors’ and ‘ reduced caregiver distress’. During the post-group period, three superordinate themes were recognised: ‘maintaining support’, ‘applying learning’, and ‘normalising caregiving’. Conclusions The study highlighted several interrelated themes involving creating connections amongst caregivers with similar experiences, social learning, and supportive learning through group structure and facilitation. Many of the processes reflected those found in existing dementia caregiver intervention research. Recommendations included facilitating peer support groups and exploring whole-family approaches.
Does Participation in Virtual or In-Person Preoperative Education Relate to Reduced Length of Stay After Total Joint Arthroplasty?
Authors: Camillieri Susan 
Published: October 2023

Background: Advancements in surgical procedures for total joint arthroplasty (TJA) have resulted in more effective procedures with more rapid recovery. To prepare patients for surgery, many organizations offer a preoperative “joint class,” which has been associated with reduced length of stay (LOS). Virtual modes of education are increasingly favored for those having TJA. Purpose: To determine whether participation in an individually administered preoperative educational session (“Prehab”) relates to reduced LOS or increased likelihood of same-day discharge (SDD) for those undergoing TJA. Additionally, to establish whether and the virtual mode of education provision is superior or inferior to the in-person mode with regards to LOS benefits. Methods: The author conducted a case-control study of 2532 patients who had a primary or revision TJA between January 2022 and August 2022 at a single institution. Data were obtained from the electronic medical record. A total of 1118 patients attended Prehab; 1414 patients did not. Patients were included if they were over the age of 18 and had a total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) during the study period. T-tests, chi-square χ2 tests, and binomial logistic regression were used to evaluate the LOS and SDD outcomes for those who participated in Prehab compared with those who did not. Results: Those receiving Prehab in any form had shorter LOS than those who had not. Those receiving virtual Prehab had the shortest LOS. There was no difference in the rate of SDD for outpatient-class patients. Conclusion: Preoperative education is associated with LOS benefits to patients undergoing TJA. The virtual mode of education provision is at minimum non-inferior, and may be superior, to the in-person mode. The lack of statistically significant between-group differences for SDD outcomes may be explained by a lack of SDD-specific educational content provided during Prehab.
Assessment of Changes in Hindfoot Alignment of Total Ankle Arthroplasty for Ankle Osteoarthritis on Weightbearing Subtalar X-ray View
Authors: Fujimaki Taro , Kurokawa Hiroaki , Ueno Yuki , Sasaki Takahide , Pradana Ananto Satya , Zainudin Tunku Naziha Binti Tunku , Milo Anne Marie , Miyamoto Takuma , Taniguchi Akira , Haro Hirotaka , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: October 2023

Background: Recovering normal hindfoot alignment and correcting deformity of the ankle joint following total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) in osteoarthritis (OA) is essential for improving clinical outcomes and increasing long-term survival. We aim to evaluate hindfoot alignment following standard TAA compared to TAA with a total talar prosthesis (“combined TAA”) in varus-type OA patients. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between 2010 and 2022. We included 27 patients (30 feet) who underwent standard TAA and 19 patients (22 feet) who underwent combined TAA. Hindfoot alignment at the subtalar joint was measured by weightbearing subtalar radiographic view before and after surgery. Results: In the standard TAA, the angle between the tibial shaft axis and the articular surface of the talar dome joint (TTS) changed from 75 to 87 degrees ( P < .01), the angle between the tibial axis and the surface on the middle facet (TMC) from 89 to 94 degrees ( P < .01), and the angle between the tibial axis and the surface on the posterior facet (TPC) from 80 to 84 degrees ( P < .01). The angle between the articular surface of the talar dome and the posterior facet of the calcaneus (SIA) decreased from 4.7 to −2.5 degrees ( P < .01). In the combined TAA, TTS angle changed from 77 to 88 degrees ( P < .01), TMC angle from 93 to 101 degrees ( P < .01), TPC angle from 84 to 90 degrees ( P < .05), and SIA from 6.6 to 2.1 degrees ( P < .01). Varus deviation to the subtalar joint (TMC, TPC) significantly improved postoperatively in both groups. However, TPC was smaller than TTS and SIA was negative in standard TAA, and TPC was larger than TTS and SIA was positive in combined TAA. Conclusion: The amount of correction of the subtalar joint differed depending on the ligament dissection of the subtalar joint and shape of the talar component Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.