bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoupling of nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon release from fine and coarse roots during 7 years of decomposition
Authors: Pan Jun , See Craig R. , Wang Rui , Luan Junwei , Wang Jing , Liu Fan , Quan Xiankui , Chen Hongyang , Wang Xingchang , Wang Chuankuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBelow‐ground litter decomposition represents an important source of the limiting nutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to forest soils, but roots also immobilize these nutrients during the decomposition process.Despite clear implications for soil fertility, the rates and drivers of nutrient immobilization and release (as the percent of increase and decrease of the initial pool) from root litter remain poorly understood, especially in coarse roots (>2 mm diameter).To address this gap, we conducted a 7‐year field decomposition experiment using roots from three species, across five diameter classes (<1, 1–2, 2–5, 5–10 and 10–20 mm) in a temperate forest.Nitrogen dynamics were largely decoupled with P and carbon (C) over the course of the experiment, and both varied by species and root diameter. Roots released P to the surrounding soil within the first year of decomposition. In contrast, roots immobilized N for much longer, with the coarsest roots remaining a net N sink after 7 years. Long‐term N release was jointly controlled by initial nutrient and C quality, whereas P release and decomposition rate were better predicted by initial C quality. Initial root nutrients well predicted the difference between long‐term N versus P release.Synthesis. Our results highlight the fact that N and P dynamics should be considered separately when modelling nutrient release during root decomposition, and suggest that the functional diversity of below‐ground biomass may have considerable afterlife effects on the relative availability of N and P in soil. We conclude that root litter, especially coarse root litter, represents an underappreciated N sink in forest soils.
Is the metabarcoding ripe enough to be applied to the authentication of foodstuff of animal origin? A systematic review
Authors: Giusti Alice , Malloggi Chiara , Magagna Giulia , Filipello Virginia , Armani Andrea 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFood authentication using molecular techniques is of great importance to fight food fraud. Metabarcoding, based on the next‐generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, allowing large‐scale taxonomic identification of complex samples via massive parallel sequencing of fragments (called DNA barcodes) simultaneously, has become increasingly popular in many scientific fields. A systematic review to answer the question “Is the metabarcoding ripe enough to be applied to the authentication of foodstuff of animal origin?” is presented. The inclusion criteria were focused on the selection of scientific papers (SPs) only applying metabarcoding to foodstuff of animal origin collected on the market. The 23 included SPs were first analyzed with respect to the metabarcoding phases: library preparation (target genes, primer pairs, and fragment length), sequencing (NGS platforms), and final data analysis (bioinformatic pipelines). Given the importance of primer selection, the taxonomic coverage of the used primers was also evaluated. In addition, the SPs were scored based on the use of quality control measures (procedural blanks, positive controls, replicates, curated databases, and thresholds to filter the data). A lack of standardized protocols, especially with respect to the target barcode/s and the universal primer/s, and the infrequent application of the quality control measures, leads to answer that metabarcoding is not ripe enough for authenticating foodstuff of animal origin. However, the observed trend of the SP quality improvement over the years is encouraging. Concluding, a proper protocol standardization would allow a wider use of metabarcoding by both official and private laboratories, enabling this method to become the primary for the authentication of foodstuffs of animal origin.
One Health approach for prioritization of potential foodborne pathogens: Risk‐ranking, Delphi survey, and criteria evaluation pre‐ and post‐COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Park Sun Min , Choi Changsun , Rhee Min Suk 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFrequent foodborne illnesses with unknown causative agents highlight the need to explore zoonotic potential foodborne pathogens (PFPs). An effective PFP prioritization tool is indispensable, especially after experiencing the recent pandemic caused by zoonotic SARS‐CoV‐2. Risk information on pathogens (excluding 30 known foodborne pathogens) provided by governmental and international organizations was reviewed to generate a list of PFPs. Risk‐ranking of PFPs was conducted based on a literature review of food poisoning or detection cases, and the ranks were determined with a decision tree. PFPs were prioritized by infectious disease (ID), veterinary medicine (VET), and food safety (FS) experts through a pre‐ and postpandemic Delphi survey, and key criteria in their decisions were illuminated. Among 339 PFPs, 32 rank‐1 PFPs were involved in the foodborne outbreak(s). Discrepancies in opinions on prioritization between experts in different fields deepened after the pandemic. Only VET and FS experts valued the plausibility of foodborne transmission in evaluating bacteria and viruses, and a significant correlation between their selection of PFPs was found (p < .05). The impact of the pandemic induced all fields to focus more on human transmission and severity/fatality in prioritizing viruses, and only FS experts emphasized the plausibility of foodborne transmission after the pandemic. In contrast to prioritizing bacteria or viruses, ID and VET experts are unusually focused on foodborne transmission when prioritizing parasites. Criteria of consensus deduced by interdisciplinary experts with different interests and the criteria directly related to foodborne transmission should be acknowledged for adequate PFP prioritization.
Replacing animal proteins with plant proteins: Is this a way to improve quality and functional properties of hybrid cheeses and cheese analogs?
Authors: Zhang Deju , Jiang Kai , Luo Hui , Zhao Xiaorui , Yu Peng , Gan Yiming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe growing emphasis on dietary health has facilitated the development of plant‐based foods. Plant proteins have excellent functional attributes and health‐enhancing effects and are also environmentally conscientious and animal‐friendly protein sources on a global scale. The addition of plant proteins (including soy protein, pea protein, zein, nut protein, and gluten protein) to diverse cheese varieties and cheese analogs holds the promise of manufacturing symbiotic products that not only have reduced fat content but also exhibit improved protein diversity and overall quality. In this review, we summarized the utilization and importance of various plant proteins in the production of hybrid cheeses and cheese analogs. Meanwhile, classification and processing methods related to these cheese products were reviewed. Furthermore, the impact of different plant proteins on the microstructure, textural properties, physicochemical attributes, rheological behavior, functional aspects, microbiological aspects, and sensory characteristics of both hybrid cheeses and cheese analogs were discussed and compared. Our study explores the potential for the development of cheeses made from full/semi‐plant protein ingredients with greater sustainability and health benefits. Additionally, it further emphasizes the substantial chances for scholars and developers to investigate the optimal processing methods and applications of plant proteins in cheeses, thereby improving the market penetration of plant protein hybrid cheeses and cheese analogs.
Comprehensive review of clean‐label antimicrobials used in dairy products
Authors: Choi Dasol , Bedale Wendy , Chetty Suraj , Yu Jae‐Hyuk 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConsumers expect safe, healthy, natural, and sustainable food. Within the food industry, ingredient use is changing due to these consumer demands. While no single agreed‐upon definition of clean label exists, a “clean label” in the context of food refers to a product that has a simplified and transparent ingredient list, with easily recognizable and commonly understood components to the general public. Clean‐label products necessitate and foster a heightened level of transparency between companies and consumers. Dairy products are vulnerable to being contaminated by both pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. These microorganisms can be effectively controlled by replacing conventional antimicrobials with clean‐label ingredients such as protective cultures or bacterial/fungal fermentates. This review summarizes the perspectives of consumers and the food industry regarding the definition of “clean label,” and the current and potential future use of clean‐label antimicrobials in dairy products. A key goal of this review is to make the concept of clean‐label antimicrobial agents better understood by both manufacturers and researchers.
New materials used for the synthesis of 2‐chlorophenyl cyclopentyl ketone seized from an illicit ketamine manufacturing unit
Authors: Yen Yao‐Te , Liu Hung‐Fan , Wang Chung‐Feng , Wang Yu‐Ti , Chyueh San‐Chong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractKetamine deemed as a psychoactive substance has gained popularity for recreational use owing to its hallucinogenic and dissociative effects. Understanding the synthetic processes of ketamine can provide essential clues for law enforcement officers against illicit ketamine manufacturing. In this case report, a chemical company was being monitored by law enforcement officers due to its importation of precursors and materials that could be used for the synthesis of illicit drugs. After materials and products seized from this chemical company were employed for analyses using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, ketamine, hydroxylamine, 2‐chlorophenyl cyclopentyl ketone, and cyclopentanone p‐toluenesulfonylhydrazone were identified. In addition, a novel process for the synthesis of ketamine precursor 2‐chlorophenyl cyclopentyl ketone from cyclopentanone p‐toluenesulfonylhydrazone and 2‐chlorobenzaldehyde was validated. This is the first report to uncover this novel process for the synthesis of 2‐chlorophenyl cyclopentyl ketone and can be used to increase awareness among law enforcement officers and forensic practitioners about these novel starting materials for the synthesis of ketamine.
Therapeutic plasma exchange for refractory Kawasaki disease in children weighing less than 10 kg
Authors: Sawada Mariko , Ogino Kayo , Hayashi Tomohiro , Waki Kenji 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used for treating refractory Kawasaki disease (KD); however, there are few reports on its use in small children.MethodsNine children with refractory KD who underwent TPE between January 2010 and December 2022 were retrospectively investigated. Data on patient demographics, inflammatory markers, coronary artery lesions (CALs), TPE settings and complications, and outcomes were examined.ResultsA total of 37 TPE sessions were performed on nine patients, with 3–6 sessions per patient. The median body weight was 8.9 kg. C‐reactive protein, white blood cell (WBC), and interleukin‐6 levels significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Of the 33 coronary arteries with CALs before TPE, 44% and 3% had CALs at 1 month and 1 year after TPE, respectively. Minor complications, such as mild hypocalcemia and naturally recovering coagulopathy, occurred without serious complications.ConclusionsTPE for refractory KD may be safe and effective in preventing CALs.
Building a resilient future workforce: Analysis of initiatives in Australian and New Zealand dietetics curricula
Authors: Richards Kate T. , Williams Lauren T. , Rigby Roshan R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimDietitians work in high‐pressure environments and student dietitians attend placement in these settings. Resilience is a personal quality that can buffer against the stressors of professional placement; however, little is known about how dietetics students learn resilience. This study aimed to describe how resilience is embedded within Australian and New Zealand dietetics curricula.MethodsThis three‐phased qualitative study examined 18 credentialed dietetics education programs in Australia (n = 16) and New Zealand (n = 2). In Phase 1 (document analysis), publicly available curricular documents were screened for key resilience terms. In Phase 2, academics were invited to participate in a semi‐structured interview on Microsoft Teams to verify and advance upon documentary evidence. Extracted data were combined and evaluated according to Bloom's Taxonomy in Phase 3.ResultsFifty‐six courses were found to have documented mentions of resilience factors from dietetics programs in Australia and New Zealand. Academics from 14 universities (12 Australia and 2 New Zealand) were interviewed. Three themes were identified from Phase 3: Resilience is valuable content within a dietetics degree, Resilience can be taught indirectly throughout programs and Resilience education is not static. Resilience education was mostly taught by academic dietitians in courses prior to placement and assessed by students completing self‐reflection while on placement. The documentation of resilience within learning objectives and graduate attributes varied between universities.ConclusionWhile all dietetics programs included some resilience curricula, academics acknowledged that resilience content and their own knowledge base could be strengthened. The findings provide direction for program improvements and further research.
Different effects of crizotinib treatment in two non‐small cell lung cancer patients with SDC4::ROS1 fusion variants
Authors: Ohishi Yuta , Nakanishi Yoko , Hirotani Yukari , Suzuki Atsuko , Tanino Tomoyuki , Nishimaki‐Watanabe Haruna , Kobayashi Hiroko , Nozaki Fumi , Ohni Sumie , Tang Xiaoyan , Hayashi Kentaro , Nakagawa Yoshiko , Shimizu Tetsuo , Tsujino Ichiro , Takahashi Noriaki , Gon Yasuhiro , Masuda Shinobu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe possibility of stratifying patients according to differences in ROS proto‐oncogene 1 (ROS1) fusion partners has been discussed. This study aimed to clarify the clinicopathological differences between two SDC4::ROS1 positive NSCLC cases who had different responses to crizotinib. Cytology and pathology samples from two NSCLC cases with SDC4::ROS1 who were diagnosed and treated with crizotinib at Nihon University Itabashi Hospital were obtained. Case 1 has been well‐controlled with crizotinib for over 5 years, but case 2 was worse and overall survival was 19 months. Sequencing analysis of ROS1 fusion genes was performed by reverse‐transcription‐PCR and Sanger's sequencing methods. In addition, thyroid transcription factor (TTF)‐1, ROS‐1, Ki67, and phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (pERK)1/2 expression were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Sequencing analysis showed SDC4 exon2::ROS1 exon 32 (exon33 deleted) in case 1, and coexistence of SDC4 exon2::ROS1 exon 34 and SDC4 exon2::ROS1 exon35 in case 2. The Ki67 index was not different, but ROS1 and pERK1/2 expression levels tended to be higher in the tumor cells of case 2 than in case 1. Therapeutic response to crizotinib and patients' prognosis in ROS1 rearranged NSCLC may be related to the activation of ROS1 signaling, depending on ROS1 and pERK1/2 overexpression status, even if the ROS1 fusion partner is the same.
Molecular diagnostics of insecticide resistance in Australian Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) quarantine intercepts
Authors: Chen Yizhou , Nguyen Duong T. , Herron Grant A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAustralian ports are continuously exposed to exotic and invasive mite and insect species associated with imported fresh produce. Much effort is focused on preventing the exotic species from entering Australia by product fumigation or destruction in a timely manner. However, quarantine intercepts of invasive species may contain unwanted resistance to pesticides or carry viruses that can undermine Australian agricultural sustainability. We examined pesticide resistance status in 1275 Tetranychus urticae samples from quarantine intercepts from the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry originating from some 29 countries spread over 6 main continents (Africa [4], Asia [12], Europe [3], North America [2], Oceania [4] and South America [4]). We used a high‐throughput multiamplicon sequencing platform to screen major target‐site mutations that cause acaricide resistance in T. urticae. These included G119S, A201S, T280A, G328A and F331Y (Ace‐1) associated with mode of action (MoA) 1 insecticide (organophosphates and carbamates); M918, L925I, L1014F and F1538I (VGSC) associated with MoA 3 insecticide (pyrethroids); G314D (GluCl1) associated with MoA 6 insecticide (avermectins and milbemycins); and finally, H92R (PSST) associated with MoA 21 insecticide (fenpyroximate, pyridaben and tebufenpyrad). The results revealed that four known mutations (G119S, T280A, G328A and F331W) were abundant in the quarantine samples including those from Norfolk Island and New Zealand. The mutations L1024V, F1538I and L925V (VGSC) associated with pyrethroid resistance were widespread through many samples, but the super Kdr mutation M918 was not detected. Similarly, H92R (PSST) that causes resistance to fenpyroximate, pyridaben and tebufenpyrad was found in most of the T. urticae intercept samples. We conclude that resistance alleles entering Australia through quarantine intercepts are common, suggesting that unwanted or rare alleles could enter Australia via this route. However, exotic quarantine breaches carrying such alleles remain of most serious concern.
Negative pressure dressings and the impact on pain management on thoracic incisions in patients undergoing oesophagectomy: a pilot study
Authors: Pavan Fiona , Tan Jed , Gamage Sankalpa , Vu Joseph , Cashin Paul , Low Liang , Martin Sarah 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPain control is recognised as a crucial post‐operative measure for patients undergoing oesophagectomy with a thoracotomy incision for oesophageal cancer, where ineffective breathing due to pain is directly correlated with increased morbidity. The analgesic benefits of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) appear to be a relatively new and emerging finding. This pilot study aims to investigate the effects of NPWT on post‐operative pain control and determine the feasibility of a larger trial.MethodTen consecutive patients undergoing oesophagectomy were prospectively enrolled to have a PREVENA Incision Management System placed over a closed thoracotomy wound. This dressing was changed at post‐operative day 5 and removed after day 10. Post‐operative morbidity was recorded and analgesia was prescribed by the Acute Pain Service who were blinded to the study aims. Analgesia requirements were recorded in oral morphine equivalents (OME) and compared to 30 patients that had previously undergone oesophagectomy via thoracotomy.ResultsOne patient was withdrawn from the study and there was no significant differences in patient demographics. The study group had less average daily analgesia requirements and reduced overall reported pain. Patients in the study group were less likely to develop pneumonia (44% and 57%) and less likely to require re‐operation for complications of their surgery (0% and 10%).ConclusionThis pilot study shows reduced post‐operative analgesia requirements and reduced morbidity when using NPWT over a closed thoracotomy wound, and affirms the feasibility of a future randomized control trial.
Self‐compassionate reflective writing for affect regulation in Australian perinatal women
Authors: Angus Bronwyn M. , Saling Lauren L. , Moffitt Robyn L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe current study investigated the effect of a brief online self‐compassionate reflective writing task on affect regulation in a sample of Australian perinatal women. Participants were 55 women (Mage = 35.47, SD = 3.79) who were pregnant (16.4%) and/or had an infant <24 months old (76.4%). State self‐compassion, positive and negative affect, and future help‐seeking behavior intentions were compared at pre‐ and post‐intervention while controlling for trait self‐compassion. Inductive thematic analysis was used to extract themes regarding why participants deemed the intervention helpful or unhelpful. As hypothesized, global state self‐compassion and intention to engage in self‐care behavior were higher, and negative affect was lower, immediately post‐intervention relative to pre‐intervention scores. Follow‐up subscale analyses revealed that the mechanisms of the shift in state self‐compassion scores were via reduced self‐judgment and overidentification and increased common humanity. There was no significant change in positive affect or intention to engage in help‐seeking behavior. Most participants (75%) indicated that the task was helpful with themes identified as written format, changed perspective, dedicating time to reflect, improved mood, and practicing self‐kindness. Self‐compassionate reflective writing may be a brief and accessible psychosocial approach with the potential to foster healthy emotion regulation and coping among perinatal women.
Clinical trial: Combination allopurinol‐thiopurine versus standard thiopurine in patients with IBD escalating to immunomodulators (the DECIDER study)
Authors: Vasudevan Abhinav , Con Danny , De Cruz Peter , Sparrow Miles P. , Friedman Antony B. , Garg Mayur , Kashkooli Soleiman , Gibson Peter R. , van Langenberg Daniel R. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryBackgroundThiopurines are established treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet concerns remain regarding their safety.AimTo evaluate the use of thiopurine‐allopurinol combination therapy compared to standard thiopurine therapy in IBD.MethodsWe performed a multicentre, randomised, placebo‐controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety of thiopurine‐allopurinol versus thiopurine with placebo for adults commencing a thiopurine for IBD. Patients had active disease at baseline; dosing of therapy was based on a pre‐specified regimen and subsequent metabolites. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving a composite of symptomatic disease activity remission (Harvey Bradshaw Index <5 for Crohn's disease, Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index <4 for ulcerative colitis) and a faecal calprotectin <150 μg/g after 26 weeks of treatment.ResultsThe trial was terminated early due to slow recruitment. We randomised 102 participants (54 thiopurine‐allopurinol, 48 thiopurine with placebo) with similar age (median 42 vs 48 years) and sex distribution (46% women per group). A higher proportion achieved the primary outcome in the thiopurine‐allopurinol group (50% vs 35%, p = 0.14) and fewer participants stopped their allocated therapy due to adverse events (11% vs 29%, p = 0.02). Also, within the thiopurine‐allopurinol group, thiopurine dose adjustments were less frequent (69% vs 92%, p = 0.03), a higher proportion achieved an early therapeutic 6‐TGN level at week 6 (71% vs 53%, p = 0.19), and adverse events attributed to therapy were less frequent (15% vs 44%, p = 0.002).ConclusionThiopurine‐allopurinol therapy is safe and mitigates thiopurine adverse effects, thus enhancing tolerability without compromising efficacy (ACTRN12613001347752).