bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tungstophosphoric Acid-catalyzed Oxidative Desulfurization of Light Oil with Hydrogen Peroxide in a Light Oil/Acetic Acid Biphasic System
Authors: Yazu Kazumasa , Furuya Takeshi , Miki Keiji , Ukegawa Koji 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Dibenzothiophenes were oxidized effectively with H2O2 in the presence of 12-tungstophosphoric acid in the tetradecane/AcOH biphasic system to give their corresponding sulfones as the major products. The oxidation proceeded in the AcOH phase and most of the sulfones distributed there, resulting in the successive removal of the sulfur compounds from the tetradecane phase. This biphasic oxidation system can effectively reduce the sulfur content in light oil.
Structure Analysis of Photo-induced Triplet Phenylnitrene Using Synchrotron Radiation
Authors: Kawano Masaki , Takayama Terufumi , Uekusa Hidehiro , Ohashi Yuji , Ozawa Yoshiki , Matsubara Koudatsu , Imabayashi Hidekazu , Mitsumi Minoru , Toriumi Koshiro 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
The crystal structures of [(PhCH2)2NH2]+[m-C6H4(N3)(COO)]− before and after UV-irradiation were analyzed at 25 K by using an X-ray vacuum camera set up at the synchrotron laboratory (SPring-8). The C–N (nitrene) bond distance in the triplet state of the photo-induced m-carboxyphenylnitrene is determined to be 1.34(4) Å.
Preparation of CO2 Absorbent by Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Choi Ki-Hyouk , Korai Yozo , Mochida Isao 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Li2ZrO3 particles were prepared by spray pyrolysis and solid state reaction to compare their CO2 absorption capacity and rate. The former method provided much higher CO2 absorption capacity and rate than those by the latter. Spherical particles of rather small and uniform size allow the faster diffusion of Li to the surface for higher CO2 absorption capacity and regeneration of absorption through CO2 recovery.
Crystal Structures of 9,10-Bis[bis(2-pyridylmethy)aminomethyl]anthracene and Its ZnCl2 Complex. Intramolecular π–π Interaction between Anthracene and ZnCl2-complexed Pyridine
Authors: Kubo Kanji , Mori Akira 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Anthracene derivatives having dipicolylaminomethyl group exhibited an emission-intensity enhancement in the presence of Zn2+. On the basis of an X-ray crystallographic analysis, the binding of Zn2+ to the dipicolylaminomethyl unit inhibits the photoinduced electron transfer process. Intramolecular π–π interactions between the anthracene and the ZnCl2-complexed pyridine were observed.
Porous Phosphor Thin Films of Oxyfluoride SiO2–BaMgF4: Eu2+ Glass–Ceramics Prepared by Sol–Gel Method
Authors: Fujihara Shinobu , Kitta Seiki , Kimura Toshio 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Eu2+ ions were incorporated into SiO2–BaMgF4 glass–ceramic thin films using a sol–gel method. The addition of N,N-dimethylformamide to a starting solution resulted in a porous microstructure of the film prepared. The films exhibited blue emission peaking at 420 nm by excitation at 290 nm. The emission was effectively enhanced in the porous film owing to scattering absorption of the excitation light.
Photocatalytic Degradation of 2-Propanol Diluted in Water with TiO2 Photocatalyst Loaded on Si3N4
Authors: Yamashita Hiromi , Maekawa Kazuhiro , Nakatani Yoshihiro , Park Jin-Joo , Anpo Masakazu 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
TiO2 photocatalysts loaded on Si3N4 (TiO2/Si3N4) prepared by an impregnation method showed higher photocatalytic activity for the degradation of 2-propanol diluted in water than TiO2 loaded on SiO2 (TiO2/SiO2). The formation of well-crystallized TiO2 on Si3N4 and the hydrophobic property of Si3N4 were found to be related to the efficient photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Si3N4.
Halogenation of Aromatic Compounds by N-chloro-, N-bromo-, and N-iodosuccinimide
Authors: Tanemura Kiyoshi , Suzuki Tsuneo , Nishida Yoko , Satsumabayashi Koko , Horaguchi Takaaki 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
An efficient and mild method for the halogenation of aromatic compounds using N-chloro-, N-bromo-, and N-iodosuccinimide in the presence of NH4NO3 or FeCl3 in acetonitrile was developed.
Crystal Structure of Bis(dimethyldioctadecylammonium) Hexamolybdate: a Molecular Model of Langmuir–Blodgett Films
Authors: Ito Takeru , Sawada Keiju , Yamase Toshihiro 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Dimethyldioctadecylammonium salts of reduced polyoxomolybdates in the organic solvent are gradually oxidized to provide bis(dimethyldioctadecylammonium) hexamolybdate, the crystal structure of which affords a molecular model for Langmuir–Blodgett films.
Polymer and “Trimer-of-Dimers” Complexes Derived from [Rh2(form)4] (form− = N,N′-Di-p-tolylformamidinate anion) and 1,4-Diisocyanobenzene
Authors: Handa Makoto , Yasuda Motoi , Muraki Yasuhiro , Yoshioka Daisuke , Mikuriya Masahiro , Kasuga Kuninobu 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
A polymer complex ([Rh2(form)4(1,4-dib)]n; form− = N,N′-di-p-tolylformamidinate anion, 1,4-dib = 1,4-diisocyanobenzene) and a “trimer-of-dimers” complex ([{Rh2(form)4}3(1,4-dib)2]) were prepared. They were characterized based on the elemental analyses, X-ray structure analyses, and diffuse reflectance spectra.
Venlafaxine Hydrochloride for the Treatment of Hot Flashes
Authors: Schober Christina E , Ansani Nicole T 
Published: September 2003

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature evaluating venlafaxine for the treatment of hot flashes. DATA SOURCES: Clinical literature accessed through MEDLINE (1966–August 2002), PubMed, Harrison's Online, and references of reviewed articles. Key terms used were venlafaxine, Effexor, hot flashes, and vasomotor symptoms. DATA SYNTHESIS: Not all patients experiencing hot flashes are candidates for traditional hormonal therapy. Nonhormonal alternatives have long been explored, but conflicting evidence of efficacy exists. CONCLUSIONS: Venlafaxine is an effective nonhormonal alternative for relief from uncontrolled hot flashes.
Safety and Efficacy of Influenza Vaccine in Children
Authors: Goldstein Leslie GB 
Published: September 2003

OBJECTIVE: To describe the safety and efficacy of influenza vaccines in asthmatic children. DATA SOURCES: Literature was identified by a MEDLINE search (2002–March 2003). Key search terms included asthma, exacerbation, children, vaccine, and influenza. DATA SYNTHESIS: Concerns that the influenza vaccine may exacerbate asthma attacks have kept many asthmatic children from receiving this immunization. Researchers have conducted studies to determine the burden of influenza on asthmatic children, the safety of influenza vaccines, and their benefit in the presence of glucocorticoid burst therapy in the same population. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccines tested are safe and efficacious in asthmatic children.
C-Reactive Protein, Antiinflammatory Drugs, and Quality of Life in Diabetes
Authors: Cummings Doyle M , King Dana E , Mainous Arch G 
Published: September 2003

BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important biological marker of inflammation that has been linked to cardiovascular disease. The extent to which the inflammatory processes associated with elevated CRP concentrations impair physical functioning and quality of life, and whether this is modulated by hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) and aspirin, which have been shown to lower CRP concentrations, is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether an association exists between CRP concentrations and health-related quality of life among patients with diabetes, and to determine whether the association is affected by use of statins and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). METHODS: A trained interviewer collected self-reported information regarding demographics, health-related quality of life (SF-12), and medication use, and a nurse collected a blood sample from 86 adult subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were part of a larger population-based survey. The serum was analyzed for CRP using a highly sensitive assay. RESULTS: In simple bivariate analysis, there was a significant inverse relationship between CRP and the physical health component score of health-related quality of life (Spearman correlation coefficient [r] = −0.26; p = 0.025). For subjects on statins (r = −0.44; p = 0.02; n = 27), this relationship persisted, while for patients on NSAIDs or aspirin (r = −0.21; p = 0.17; n = 44), no relationship was observed. Similar findings were observed with self-rated health alone as an outcome variable. However, stepwise linear regression revealed no consistent relationship between CRP and health-related quality of life (i.e., standardized SF-12 physical component score) when demographic variables, disease duration, glucose control, serum creatinine, smoking, and medication use were controlled for. CONCLUSIONS: In multivariate regression modeling, the initial inverse relationship between CRP and health-related quality of life was lost, suggesting that other covariates are responsible for this association. While statins and NSAIDs may impact CRP or health-related quality of life independently, they do not appear to modulate a relationship between these factors.
Prolonged Thrombocytopenia Associated with Isotretinoin
Authors: Moeller Karen E , Touma Susan C 
Published: September 2003

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of severe prolonged thrombocytopenia possibly associated with isotretinoin. CASE SUMMARY: A 27-year-old white woman developed severe thrombocytopenia and elevated transaminases after 3½ months of treatment with isotretinoin. Prior to the onset of thrombocytopenia, the patient had also received a 10-day course of cephalexin. Rectal bleeding was reported by the patient, who was otherwise asymptomatic. Liver enzyme values returned to normal approximately 1 week after discontinuation of isotretinoin; however, platelet counts required approximately 2 months to normalize. Based on the Naranjo probability scale, possible causality exists between isotretinoin and thrombocytopenia. DISCUSSION: The exact mechanism by which isotretinoin caused thrombocytopenia in this patient is not clearly understood. To our knowledge, only 3 previous cases of isotretinoin-associated thrombocytopenia have been reported. The long recovery process that occurred in our patient is possibly a direct result of the long elimination half-life of both the parent compound and active metabolites of isotretinoin. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians prescribing isotretinoin should be aware of the potential life-threatening consequence of thrombocytopenia, and a complete blood cell count with platelets should be part of the routine monthly monitoring in all patients receiving isotretinoin therapy.
Multivitamin Supplements May Affect Warfarin Anticoagulation in Susceptible Patients
Authors: Kurnik Daniel , Lubetsky Aharon , Loebstein Ronen , Almog Shlomo , Halkin Hillel 
Published: September 2003

OBJECTIVE: To report an interaction of a multivitamin preparation containing small amounts of vitamin K1 (25 μg) with warfarin in a case series and to assess the prevalence of vitamin K1 deficiency in ambulatory anticoagulated patients. CASE SUMMARIES: We describe 3 patients whose anticoagulation was stabilized with warfarin in whom initiation or cessation of a self-prescribed multivitamin supplement delivering 25 μg of vitamin K1 daily was associated with an otherwise unexplained significant fall or rise in international normalized ratio (INR), respectively, with major thrombosis or hemorrhage in 2. This interaction was rated probable on the Naranjo probability scale. Suspecting vitamin K1 deficiency as an explanation for this oversensitivity, we assessed the prevalence of vitamin K1 deficiency in our clinic by determining plasma vitamin K1 levels in 179 stable consecutive patients, finding very low levels (<0.1 ng/mL) in 22 of 179 (12%). DISCUSSION: Vitamin K1 supplements of 25 μg daily are far below the dose thought to affect anticoagulant control. We hypothesize that, in our patients, unsuspected vitamin K1 deficiency caused an oversensitivity to small vitamin K1 supplements. In patients with low vitamin K1 status, even such low doses represent a significant increment in daily intake, thus lowering the sensitivity to warfarin. Our analysis suggests that low vitamin K1 status exists in a small, but important, minority of ambulatory patients undergoing anticoagulation. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should instruct anticoagulated patients to report the use of multivitamin supplements and inquire about it in cases of unexplained INR changes.
Adult education and humanity's relationship with nature reflected in language, metaphor, and spirituality: A call to action
Authors: Hill Lilian H. , Johnston Julie D. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractLanguage, metaphor, and spirituality express people's beliefs about their relationships with the natural
world. For the earth and its beings to survive, extensive changes in our relationships and cultural assumptions in
the natural world are called for, and these will necessarily change the literature and practice of adult
education.
A pragmatic approach towards assessment of control loop performance
Authors: Huang B. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractIn this paper, a pragmatic approach to process modelling and control loop performance assessment is proposed. We consider the following practical scenarios: the control loop of concern is operated by a simple controller such as PI/PID controller; a simple open‐loop/closed‐loop step response data is available or an open‐loop/closed‐loop step test can be readily performed; the control loop may be subject to significant disturbances and/or measurement noises. Our objectives are: (1) to estimate a continuous‐time process model from the step response data; (2) to assess control loop performance with a pragmatic benchmark in terms of both output performance and input variation, and identify practically attainable control loop performance. We will summarize the theory and algorithms developed for such a relatively comprehensive analysis. A number of simulation studies are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed methodology. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mutations in CYP11B1 gene: Phenotype–genotype correlations
Authors: Zhu Yuan‐Shan , Cordero Juan J. , Can Selcuk , Cai Li‐Qun , You Xueke , Herrera Cecilia , DeFillo‐Ricart Mariano , Shackleton Cedric , Imperato‐McGinley Julianne 
Published: September 2003

Abstract11β‐hydroxylase deficiency, an autosomal recessive disorder, is the second most common cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. We studied four subjects with classic 11β‐hydroxylase deficiency and severe hypertension: a 46,XX affected subject from a Turkish family with severe ambiguity of the external genitalia and hypertension, and three affected 46,XY subjects from a Dominican kindred with isosexual precocious puberty and severe hypertension. The affected subjects had significantly elevated plasma 11‐desoxycortisol, 11‐desoxycorticosterone, Δ4‐androstenedione, and testosterone. To determine the molecular genetic defects, genomic DNA was isolated from the leukocytes of affected subjects and their family members. The encoding region of the 11β‐hydroxylase gene (CYP11B1) was amplified by PCR with specific primers. Using single‐stranded DNA conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and DNA sequencing, a nonsense mutation in exon 6 of CYP11B1 in the affected 46,XX subject from the Turkish family was identified, where a cytosine was substituted by a thymidine, resulting in the replacement of glutamine (CAG) by a stop codon (TAG) at amino acid position 338 (Q338X). In the three 46,XY Dominican boys, the mutation was also a nonsense mutation in exon 6 of CYP11B1, where a cytosine was substituted by a thymidine, resulting in the replacement of glutamine (CAG) by a stop codon (TAG) at amino acid position 356 (Q356X). Both mutations result in the biosynthesis of a truncated 11β‐hydroxylase protein with loss of enzymatic activity. Heterozygosity was determined in family members of both probands including parents and siblings. These results indicate that mutations of CYP11B1 in these subjects are responsible for their clinical syndromes. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pulmonary atresia/ventricular septal defect associated with facial port‐wine stain and retinal vascular abnormality: A new constellation?
Authors: Tan Hüseyin , Cevi̇z Naci , Baykal Orhan , Büyükavcı Mustafa , Bilici Necmettin 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA case with pulmonary atresia/ventricular septal defect associated with port‐wine stain and retinal vascular abnormality is reported. Clinical findings were similar to both PHACE syndrome and Sturge–Weber syndrome (SWS). But, the most frequent and well‐known features of both syndromes were absent. So, it could not be concluded whether this is a new constellation or an incomplete form of one of the two syndromes. In both situations, presence of a complex congenital heart disease that has not been reported previously makes this case original. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Personality and stereotype in osteogenesis imperfecta: Behavioral phenotype or response to life's hard challenges?
Authors: Ablon Joan 
Published: September 2003

AbstractFifty‐five adults with osteogenesis imperfecta [OI] types III and IV were interviewed to chronicle their medical, personal, and social experiences in living with OI. Subjects were recruited through the Osteogenesis Imperfecta Foundation, through physician referrals, and through other persons with OI. One purpose of the research was to examine the stereotypes of high intelligence and euphoric personality often attributed to persons with OI, and to explore whether these characteristics might constitute a behavioral phenotype. Participants were observed by the researcher to be characteristically bright, talkative, articulate, “up” emotionally, and accomplished. In fact, most of the persons illustrated well the characteristics of the stereotype. Participants suggested and described life experiences and difficult medical and social challenges which they felt could contribute to the development of the attributed characteristics. The history of the “euphoric” attribution is traced. Many participants expressed derision concerning this attribution. The commonly understood meaning of this term trivializes the years of painful medical procedures, suffering, and related hardships experienced by subjects in their lives. I suggest that the concept of “resilience” offers a more appropriate context for related future research with this population. The consideration of the exceptional challenges faced by persons with OI and others with such demanding medical conditions throughout their life cycles would add a significant environmental dimension to the study of behavioral phenotypes. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple dislocations, leptodactylic type: Report of a new patient and review of the literature
Authors: Mégarbané A. , Ghanem I. , Le Merrer M. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA 6‐year‐old boy with congenital hip dislocation, developmental delay, short stature, macrocephaly, low set ears, short neck, and hyperlaxity of the wrists and fingers is described. Radiographs disclosed mainly the presence of thoracic scoliosis, narrow interpedicular distances, metaphyseal vertical striations, very small irregular epiphyses, right hip dislocation, luxation of both elbows, and severe delay of ossification of the epiphyses and the carpal bones. These features are very close to the newly described entity: spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia and multiple dislocations. This patient brings to light the differential diagnosis and confirms the specificity of the radiological findings of this new entity. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Juberg–Hayward syndrome: Report of a new patient with severe phenotype and novel clinical features
Authors: Hedera Peter , Innis Jeffrey W. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractWe report a patient with severe mental retardation (MR), microcephaly, Dandy–Walker malformation, bilateral lip/palate clefts, hypertrophied sublingual frenulum, lobular tongue, absent thumbs, and other skeletal abnormalities, including Y‐shaped metacarpals and urogenital abnormalities. High‐resolution karyotype and subtelomeric fluorescence in situ hybridization were normal. We propose that his clinical picture is most consistent with Juberg–Hayward or orocraniodigital syndrome. Several clinical features present in our patient (unilateral distal displacement of elbow position, second‐site radioulnar synostosis, bilateral Y‐shaped metacarpal, lobular tongue, hypertrophic frenuli, Dandy–Walker malformation) have not previously been reported in this condition, thus expanding the phenotypic spectrum of this rare condition. The presence of these novel findings suggests possible overlap with other syndromes, such as orofaciodigital and Malpuech syndromes. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Autosomal recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia with homozygosity for C653S in the DTDST gene: Double‐layer patella as a reliable sign
Authors: Mäkitie Outi , Savarirayan Ravi , Bonafé Luisa , Robertson Stephen , Susic Miki , Superti‐Furga Andrea , Cole William G. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractMutations in the diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter (DTDST) gene result in a family of skeletal dysplasias, which comprise lethal (achondrogenesis type 1B and atelosteogenesis type 2) and non‐lethal conditions (diastrophic dysplasia and recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (rMED)). The most frequent mutation is R279W, which in a homozygous state results in rMED with bilateral clubfoot, MED, and “double layered” patella. We describe three patients with rMED caused by a previously unreported homozygous mutation in the DTDST gene. The three patients (from two families) were born to healthy, non‐consanguineous parents. All developed signs of hip dysplasia in early childhood and two had episodes of recurrent patella dislocation. Two underwent bilateral total hip replacements at ages 13 and 14 years. The feet, external ears, and palate were normal. Stature was normal in all cases. Radiographs showed dysplastic femoral heads, mild generalized epiphyseal dysplasia, abnormal patella ossification, and normal hands and feet. Direct sequence analysis of genomic DNA demonstrated a homozygous 1984T > A (C653S) change in the DTDST gene in all patients. The clinically normal parents were heterozygous for the change. This is the first description of a homozygous C653S mutation of the DTDST gene. Hip dysplasia and patella hypermobility dominates the otherwise mild phenotype. These patients further expand the range of causative mutations in the DTD skeletal dysplasia family. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rett syndrome in a 47,XXX patient with a de novo MECP2 mutation
Authors: Hammer Sara , Dorrani Naghmeh , Hartiala Jaana , Stein Stuart , Schanen N. Carolyn 
Published: September 2003

AbstractRett syndrome is caused by mutation in MECP2, a gene located on Xq28 and subject to X‐inactivation. MECP2 encodes methyl CpG‐binding protein 2, a widely expressed transcriptional repressor of methylated DNA. Mutations in MECP2 are primarily de novo events in the male germ line and thus lead to an excess of affected females. Here we report the identification of a unique 47,XXX girl with relatively mild atypical Rett syndrome leading initially to a diagnosis of infantile autism with regression. Mutation analysis of the MECP2 gene identified a de novo MECP2 mutation, L100V. Examination of a panel of X‐linked microsatellite markers indicated that her supernumerary X chromosome is maternally derived. X‐inactivation patterns were determined by analysis of methylation of the androgen receptor locus, and indicated preferential inactivation of her paternal allele. The parental origin of her MECP2 mutation could not be determined because she was uninformative for intronic polymorphisms flanking her mutation. This is the first reported case of sex chromosome trisomy and MECP2 mutation in a female, and it illustrates the importance of allele dosage on the severity of Rett syndrome phenotype. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.