bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Routine-biased technological change and employee outcomes after mass layoffs: evidence from Brazil
Authors: Martins-Neto Antonio , Cirera Xavier , Coad Alex 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigate the impact of “routinization” on the labor outcomes of displaced workers. We use a rich Brazilian panel dataset and an occupation-task mapping to examine the effect of job displacement in different groups, classified according to their tasks. Our main result is that following a layoff, workers previously employed in routine-intensive occupations suffer a more significant decline in wages and more extended periods of unemployment. As expected, job displacement has a negative and lasting impact on wages. Still, workers in routine-intensive occupations are more impacted than those in non-routine occupations in terms of wages (an increase of one point in the routine-intensity index results in a further decline of 2% in workers’ relative wages) and employment. Furthermore, our results indicate that workers in routine-intensive occupations are more likely to change occupations after the shock, and those who do not switch occupational fields suffer a more significant decline in wages. Lastly, even though the loss of employer-specific wage premiums explains 13% of displaced workers’ drop in wages, it does not explain routine-intensive workers’ more substantial losses.
Adaptive VEM for variable data: convergence and optimality
Authors: Beirão da Veiga L , Canuto C , Nochetto R H , Vacca G , Verani M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We design an adaptive virtual element method (AVEM) of lowest order over triangular meshes with hanging nodes in 2d, which are treated as polygons. AVEM hinges on the stabilization-free a posteriori error estimators recently derived in Beirão da Veiga et al. (2023, Adaptive VEM: stabilization-free a posteriori error analysis and contraction property. SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 61, 457–494). The crucial property, which also plays a central role in this paper, is that the stabilization term can be made arbitrarily small relative to the a posteriori error estimators upon increasing the stabilization parameter. Our AVEM concatenates two modules, GALERKIN and DATA. The former deals with piecewise constant data and is shown in the above article to be a contraction between consecutive iterates. The latter approximates general data by piecewise constants to a desired accuracy. AVEM is shown to be convergent and quasi-optimal, in terms of error decay versus degrees of freedom, for solutions and data belonging to appropriate approximation classes. Numerical experiments illustrate the interplay between these two modules and provide computational evidence of optimality.
Prosurvival Pathway Protects From Clostridioides difficile Toxin-Mediated Cell Death
Authors: Tornel William , Sharma Ishrya , Osmani Hiba , Moonah Shannon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is an urgent need for new nonantibiotic-based treatment strategies for Clostridioides difficile infection. C. difficile toxin B (TcdB) is a virulent factor that is essential for causing disease. Here, we investigated whether a survival-signaling pathway could protect against TcdB. We found significant increase in caspase-3 apoptotic activity in intestinal epithelial cells of mice exposed to TcdB. Subsequently, activation of the MIF-CD74-Akt prosurvival signaling pathway blocked TcdB-induced caspase-3 activity and intestinal epithelial cell death. This brief report provides proof-of-concept that targeting prosurvival pathways may represent a unique antibiotic-independent strategy for protecting against C. difficile toxin-mediated cell death.
Making Memorials to the Future
Authors: Sylvester Christine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article foregrounds the work of well-known American memorial architect, Maya Lin. She does not figure in International Relations (IR) knowledge lists, yet started her career by looking back at the American War in Vietnam from the perspective of a forward-looking aesthetic that wins the competition for a memorial in Washington, DC. Later, Lin launches future-oriented memorials that commemorate natural abundance increasingly threatened by that most dangerous war taking place against the planet. Like others contributing to making an academic field and political practice by thinking differently, I take my bearings these days from aesthetic journeys, in my case, to edgy war memorials first, and then to gentle landscape architectures that praise or kill no one, offer no massive focal point or built structure to interpret, and have no particular shooting war to commemorate. Both put viewers into disrupted present times that speak to concerns that could make fruitful futures.
The detection of Japanese encephalitis virus in municipal wastewater during an acute disease outbreak
Authors: Fanok Stella , Monis Paul T , Keegan Alexandra R , King Brendon J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Aim
To demonstrate the capability of wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) as a tool for detecting potential cases of Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) infection in the community.

Methods and results
In this study, we explore the potential of WBS to detect cases of JEV infection by leveraging from an established SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance program. We describe the use of two reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) assays targeting JEV to screen archived samples from two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). JEV was detected in wastewater samples collected during a timeframe coinciding with a cluster of acute human encephalitis cases, alongside concurrent evidence of JEV detection in mosquito surveillance and the sentinel chicken programs within South Australia's Riverland and Murraylands regions.

Conclusions
Current surveillance measures for JEV encounter multiple constraints, which may miss the early stages of JEV circulation or fail to capture the full extent of transmission. The detection of JEV in wastewater during a disease outbreak highlights the potential WBS has as a complementary layer to existing monitoring efforts forming part of the One Health approach required for optimal disease response and control.
Economic framework to assess the impact of banning pesticides, with application to sulfuryl fluoride for drywood termites (Blattodea: Kalotermitidae) in California
Authors: Zilberman David , Lewis Vernard R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sulfuryl fluoride (SF) is a fumigant used to eliminate drywood termites (DWT: Kalotermitidae; Froggatt) and other structural pests. Because of its global warming potential, it has been suggested that SF be restricted as a greenhouse gas (GHG). We present an economic model to assess the net social cost of restricting SF. We consider 3 approaches to address DWT control- no treatment, allowing SF fumigation and localized treatments, and only local treatment. Each approach generates private and public benefits and costs. We estimate that the annual damage and home equity loss by DWT in California is US$4.5–16.8 billion without treatment. If fumigation is used on 20% of the houses and local treatments on the others, the combined social cost of treatment, damage, and GHG emissions are between US$1–US$2 billion annually. The annual cost of local treatments only would be between US$3.2 and US$4.9 billion. If the application of SF is severely restricted or banned, the social costs will increase between US$1.43 and US$4.31 billion annually. The implied cost per ton of CO2 eliminated is between US$624 and US$1,465, much above the price range of CO2 in other applications. The restriction/ban has significant equity and environmental effects, impacting low-income individuals living in rented properties and replacing damaged wood in housing will increase GHG emissions. We further recommend the continued use of SF until a comparable whole-structure alternative is developed that fits the parameters of our model.
Nesting cavity diameter has implications for management of the alfalfa leafcutting bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
Authors: Rinehart Joshua D , Grula Courtney C , Rinehart Joseph P , Bowsher Julia H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Body size influences performance in many bee species and may be influenced by nesting cavity diameter in cavity-nesting bees. Megachile rotundata (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) is a commercially-managed, solitary cavity-nesting bee. In M. rotundata body size has low heritability and is strongly influenced by the size of the larval provision and the diameter of the nesting cavity. Commercial nesting boxes have cavities that are 7 mm in diameter. Our goal was to examine the effects that nesting cavity diameter has on M. rotundata body size and performance by manipulating the size of cavities that are available for nesting. We provided bees with nesting cavities that ranged in size from 4 to 9 millimeters in 1 mm increments. To assess body size we measured mass and intertegular span. To assess performance we measured wing area, wing loading, sex, overwintering survival, pollen ball occurrence, and diapause status in the offspring. We also examined the reproductive output from the different nest cavity diameters. We found that the 8 mm cavities reared bees with the largest mass, and 4 mm cavities reared bees with the smallest mass. We determined that the 7 mm nesting cavity is optimal for offspring yield, the 8 mm nesting cavity is optimal for performance, and the 5 mm nesting cavity may be optimal for conservation efforts of other cavity-nesting bees. Based on the desired outcome of the bee managers, nest sizes differing from the standard may provide an advantage.
Environmental Challenges to UK Public Authorities: The Impact of the Judicial Review and Courts Act 2022
Authors: Kenny Patrick 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The UK’s Judicial Review and Courts Act 2022 introduced into statute certain remedies for use where unlawfulness had been found on the part of a public authority or decision-maker carrying out public functions. These remedies allow for such unlawfulness to be deemed lawful, including where the courts consider that remedying an unlawful decision would negatively impact third parties or good administration. When this legislation was under consideration in the UK’s Parliament, there was considerable concern from a number of environmental organisations that such remedies would prohibit the obtaining of redress where environmental harm had occurred. This analysis examines the nature of the new remedies introduced by the Act, how domestic courts may use them, and how those involved in environmental or climate litigation against public authorities might adapt their approach in light of these new statutory powers.
Icariside I reduces breast cancer proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis probably through inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Hou Manting , Li Hui , He Tingting , Hui Siwen , Dai Wenzhang , Hou Xiaorong , Zhao Jing , Zhao Jia , Wen Jincai , Kan Wen , Xiao Xiaohe , Zhan Xiaoyan , Bai Zhaofang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Breast cancer is a common malignancy in women. More than 90% of breast cancer deaths are caused by metastasis. Epimedii Folium (EF) is a commonly used herb with anti-tumor benefits, but its underlying mechanisms and active components for breast cancer prevention are little understood. This study assessed the therapeutic role of Icariside I (ICS I) in Epimedium flavonoids (EF) on lung metastasis of breast cancer, including the underlying mechanism.

Methods
Western blot, RT-qPCR, wound healing assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the inhibition of breast cancer cells growth and migration by EF and ICS I through disrupting the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Combined with 4T1 breast cancer model in mice, Western blot, RT-qPCR, Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the therapeutic role of ICS I in proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer.

Key findings
EF can inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation and reduce the colony formation and migration of breast cancer cells. Detecting the active ingredients in EF, we found ICS I can reduce the activation of STAT3 in 4T1 breast cancer cells, impair colony formation and migration. Moreover, ICS I induced cells G1 phase arrest and modulated Cyclin D1, CDK4, bcl-2, and bax to inhibit proliferation and survival of breast cancer cells. Similarly, the in vivo studies demonstrated that ICS I significantly suppressed tumor development and lung metastasis in the 4T1 mouse model. Tumor cells in vehicle group were arranged in a spoke-like pattern with obvious heterogeneity, and multinucleated tumor giant cells were seen. But, the tumor cells in the ICS I group were disorganized and necrotic lysis was seen in some areas. In ICS I-treated group, tumors’ STAT3 phosphorylation level, IL-6, Cyclin D1, CDK4, bcl-2, and vimentin expression were downregulated, bax and cleaved caspase 3 expression were upregulated. In the lung tissue, we could find less metastasis of breast cancer cells and less lung injury in the ICS I group. Besides, the expression of metastasis-related genes MMP9 and vimentin was decreased in the lung tissue of ICS I group.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that ICS I can inhibit breast cancer proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis probably via targeting IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Therefore, ICS I has the potential to become an innovative therapeutic candidate to breast cancer prevention and treatment.
Polar-ring galaxies in the Illustris TNG50 simulation
Authors: Smirnov Daniil V , Mosenkov Aleksandr V , Reshetnikov Vladimir P 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Polar-ring galaxies (PRGs) are an outstanding example of galaxies with misaligned kinematics where a typically red central galaxy is surrounded by a large-scale ring or disc of stars, gas, and dust oriented almost perpendicular to the main body. It is believed that polar structures (PSs) are formed in a secondary event after the assembly of a central galaxy, but due to their scarcity, their formation paths are not well constrained yet. We present a study of PRGs from TNG50 cosmological simulations, focusing on the origin of their PSs. Based on the synthetic images and baryonic mass distribution, we found six galaxies with stellar polar rings. Using Supplementary Data Catalogues and available particle data, we confirm that the selected galaxies are direct analogues of real PRGs. In our sample, the PSs are a result of the close interaction between the host galaxy and its companion. We track two formation paths for the stellar polar rings in our sample: (i) star formation in the accreted gas and (ii) tidal disruption of the satellite’s stellar component. Rings formed during the first scenario are, on average, bluer and younger than ones formed due to the satellite disruption. We report a steady increase of the ring’s inclination around the two most massive galaxies across a few billion years with a rate of ≈8° Gyr−1. The formation of a PS in some cases can increase the nuclear activity of the central galaxy and/or turn the active nucleus off completely.
DDBJ update in 2023: the MetaboBank for metabolomics data and associated metadata
Authors: Ara Takeshi , Kodama Yuichi , Tokimatsu Toshiaki , Fukuda Asami , Kosuge Takehide , Mashima Jun , Tanizawa Yasuhiro , Tanjo Tomoya , Ogasawara Osamu , Fujisawa Takatomo , Nakamura Yasukazu , Arita Masanori 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Bioinformation and DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) Center (https://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp) provides database archives that cover a wide range of fields in life sciences. As a founding member of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC), DDBJ accepts and distributes nucleotide sequence data as well as their study and sample information along with the National Center for Biotechnology Information in the United States and the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). Besides INSDC databases, the DDBJ Center provides databases for functional genomics (GEA: Genomic Expression Archive), metabolomics (MetaboBank) and human genetic and phenotypic data (JGA: Japanese Genotype-phenotype Archive). These database systems have been built on the National Institute of Genetics (NIG) supercomputer, which is also open for domestic life science researchers to analyze large-scale sequence data. This paper reports recent updates on the archival databases and the services of the DDBJ Center, highlighting the newly redesigned MetaboBank. MetaboBank uses BioProject and BioSample in its metadata description making it suitable for multi-omics large studies. Its collaboration with MetaboLights at EBI brings synergy in locating and reusing public data.
The Patent and Literature Antibody Database (PLAbDab): an evolving reference set of functionally diverse, literature-annotated antibody sequences and structures
Authors: Abanades Brennan , Olsen Tobias H , Raybould Matthew I J , Aguilar-Sanjuan Broncio , Wong Wing Ki , Georges Guy , Bujotzek Alexander , Deane Charlotte M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Antibodies are key proteins of the adaptive immune system, and there exists a large body of academic literature and patents dedicated to their study and concomitant conversion into therapeutics, diagnostics, or reagents. These documents often contain extensive functional characterisations of the sets of antibodies they describe. However, leveraging these heterogeneous reports, for example to offer insights into the properties of query antibodies of interest, is currently challenging as there is no central repository through which this wide corpus can be mined by sequence or structure. Here, we present PLAbDab (the Patent and Literature Antibody Database), a self-updating repository containing over 150,000 paired antibody sequences and 3D structural models, of which over 65 000 are unique. We describe the methods used to extract, filter, pair, and model the antibodies in PLAbDab, and showcase how PLAbDab can be searched by sequence, structure, or keyword. PLAbDab uses include annotating query antibodies with potential antigen information from similar entries, analysing structural models of existing antibodies to identify modifications that could improve their properties, and facilitating the compilation of bespoke datasets of antibody sequences/structures that bind to a specific antigen. PLAbDab is freely available via Github (https://github.com/oxpig/PLAbDab) and as a searchable webserver (https://opig.stats.ox.ac.uk/webapps/plabdab/).
Evaluation of Multisite Programmatic Bundle to Reduce Unnecessary Antibiotic Prescribing for Respiratory Infections: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ilges Dan , Jensen Kelsey , Draper Evan , Dierkhising Ross , Prigge Kimberly A , Vergidis Paschalis , Virk Abinash , Stevens Ryan W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of unnecessary antibiotic prescribing for Tier 3 upper respiratory infection (URI) syndromes across the Mayo Clinic Enterprise before and after a multifaceted antimicrobial stewardship intervention, and to determine ongoing factors associated with antibiotic prescribing and repeat respiratory healthcare contact in the postintervention period.

Methods
This was a quasi-experimental, pre/post, retrospective cohort study from 1 January 2019 through 31 December 2022, with 12-month washout during implementation from 1 July 2020 through 30 June 2021. All outpatient encounters, adult and pediatric, from primary care, urgent care, and emergency medicine specialties with a Tier 3 URI diagnosis were included. The intervention was a multifaceted outpatient antibiotic stewardship bundle. The primary outcome was the rate of antibiotic prescribing in Tier 3 encounters. Secondary outcomes included 14-day repeat healthcare contact for respiratory indications and factors associated with persistent unnecessary prescribing.

Results
A total of 165 658 Tier 3 encounters, 96 125 in the preintervention and 69 533 in the postintervention period, were included. Following intervention, the prescribing rate for Tier 3 encounters decreased from 21.7% to 11.2% (P &lt; .001). Repeat 14-day respiratory healthcare contact in the no antibiotic group was lower postintervention (9.9.% vs 9.4%; P = .004). Multivariable models indicated that increasing patient age, Charlson comorbidity index, and primary diagnosis selected were the most important factors associated with persistent unnecessary antibiotic prescribing.

Conclusions
Outpatient antibiotic stewardship initiatives can reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing for Tier 3 URIs without increasing repeat respiratory healthcare contact. Advancing age and number of comorbidities remain risk factors for persistent unnecessary antibiotic prescribing.
Clinical Features, Genome Epidemiology, and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Aeromonas spp. Causing Human Infections: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sakurai Aki , Suzuki Masahiro , Ohkushi Daisuke , Harada Sohei , Hosokawa Naoto , Ishikawa Kazuhiro , Sakurai Takayuki , Ishihara Takuma , Sasazawa Hiroki , Yamamoto Takeru , Takehana Kazumi , Koyano Saho , Doi Yohei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The genus Aeromonas is increasingly implicated in human infections, but knowledge of its clinical characteristics and antimicrobial resistance profiles has been limited owing to its complex taxonomy.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study of patients with Aeromonas infections at hospitals across Japan. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had an Aeromonas spp. strain in a clinical culture and were considered infected at the culture site. Clinical data were collected, and isolates underwent susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing.

Results
A total of 144 patients were included. Hepatobiliary infection accounted for a majority of infections (73% [105 of 144]), which mostly occurred in elderly patients with comorbid conditions, including hepatobiliary complications. The all-cause 30-day mortality rate was 10.0% (95% confidence interval, 4.9%–14.8%). By whole-genome sequencing, 141 strains (98%) belonged to 4 Aeromonas species—A caviae, A hydrophila, A veronii, and A dhakensis—with significant intraspecies diversity. A caviae was predominant in all infection sites except skin and soft tissue, for which A hydrophila was the prevailing species. The genes encoding chromosomally mediated class B, C, and D β-lactamases were harbored by 92%–100% of the isolates in a species-specific manner, but they often lacked association with resistance phenotypes. The activity of cefepime was reliable. All isolates of A hydrophila and A dhakensis carried an mcr-3-like colistin resistance gene and showed reduced susceptibility to colistin.

Conclusions
Hepatobiliary tract was the most common infection site of Aeromonas spp., with A caviae being the dominant causative species. The resistance genotype and phenotype were often incongruent for β-lactam agents.
Stress Testing and Bank Lending
Authors: Shapiro Joel , Zeng Jing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Stress tests convey information about the strictness of future tests, creating incentives for banks to alter their future lending behavior. Regulators recognize and use this influence: they may conduct softer stress tests to encourage lending or tougher stress tests to reduce risk-taking. This information management can lead to inefficiencies when (a) the test loses credibility or (b) the test becomes self-fulfilling. In addition, banks may distort their lending behavior in anticipation of the stress test design, leading to further surplus losses. The analysis applies to banking supervision and regulation more broadly.