bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Cross-Sectional Study Among Medical Students on Application, Education, and Ethical Aspects
Authors: Weidener Lukas , Fischer Michael 
Published: January 2024

Background
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine not only directly impacts the medical profession but is also increasingly associated with various potential ethical aspects. In addition, the expanding use of AI and AI-based applications such as ChatGPT demands a corresponding shift in medical education to adequately prepare future practitioners for the effective use of these tools and address the associated ethical challenges they present.

Objective
This study aims to explore how medical students from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland perceive the use of AI in medicine and the teaching of AI and AI ethics in medical education in accordance with their use of AI-based chat applications, such as ChatGPT.

Methods
This cross-sectional study, conducted from June 15 to July 15, 2023, surveyed medical students across Germany, Austria, and Switzerland using a web-based survey. This study aimed to assess students’ perceptions of AI in medicine and the integration of AI and AI ethics into medical education. The survey, which included 53 items across 6 sections, was developed and pretested. Data analysis used descriptive statistics (median, mode, IQR, total number, and percentages) and either the chi-square or Mann-Whitney U tests, as appropriate.

Results
Surveying 487 medical students across Germany, Austria, and Switzerland revealed limited formal education on AI or AI ethics within medical curricula, although 38.8% (189/487) had prior experience with AI-based chat applications, such as ChatGPT. Despite varied prior exposures, 71.7% (349/487) anticipated a positive impact of AI on medicine. There was widespread consensus (385/487, 74.9%) on the need for AI and AI ethics instruction in medical education, although the current offerings were deemed inadequate. Regarding the AI ethics education content, all proposed topics were rated as highly relevant.

Conclusions
This study revealed a pronounced discrepancy between the use of AI-based (chat) applications, such as ChatGPT, among medical students in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland and the teaching of AI in medical education. To adequately prepare future medical professionals, there is an urgent need to integrate the teaching of AI and AI ethics into the medical curricula.
Perkawinan Negen Dadua sebagai Wujud Kesetaraan Gender dalam Masyarakat Hukum Adat Bali
Authors: Wedanti I Gusti Ayu Jatiana Manik , Windia I Wayan P , Sudantra I Ketut 
Published: January 2024

This article examines the concept of Negen Dadua marriage in Bali, a unique form of marriage recognized within Balinese Customary Law. This concept has emerged as a solution to inheritance and lineage issues, particularly in families without male children. The research method employed is normative-conceptual, utilizing primary and secondary legal sources. The analysis reveals that Negen Dadua marriage, recognized under national and Balinese customary law, accords both husband and wife the status of purusa, allowing them to maintain responsibilities and rights within their respective families. This study finds that Negen Dadua marriage not only complies with Balinese Customary Law and Hindu religion but also reflects a shift towards gender equality. It offers a solution to the inequity in inheritance and social roles between men and women. This indicates a positive development in social and legal awareness of gender equality in Bali, especially in family law. This marriage form, embodying gender equality, presents an efficient solution to inheritance issues without disadvantaging any party. The article concludes that Negen Dadua marriage is a manifestation of gender equality within the Balinese Customary Law community and represents a progressive step towards recognizing women's rights.
Abstrak
Artikel ini mengkaji Perkawinan Negen Dadua di Bali, yang merupakan bentuk perkawinan alternatif dalam Hukum Adat Bali. Konsep ini muncul sebagai solusi untuk masalah pewarisan dan keturunan, terutama di keluarga tanpa anak laki-laki. Metode penelitian adalah normatif konseptual, menggunakan sumber hukum primer dan sekunder. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa perkawinan negen dadua, diakui dalam hukum nasional dan adat Bali, memberikan status purusa kepada kedua suami dan istri, memungkinkan mereka mempertahankan tanggung jawab dan hak dalam keluarga masing-masing. Studi ini menemukan bahwa perkawinan negen dadua bukan hanya mematuhi Hukum Adat Bali dan agama Hindu, tetapi juga mencerminkan pergeseran menuju kesetaraan gender, menawarkan solusi untuk ketidaksetaraan dalam pewarisan dan peran sosial antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Ini mengindikasikan perkembangan positif dalam kesadaran sosial dan hukum tentang kesetaraan gender di Bali, khususnya dalam hukum keluarga. Perkawinan ini, sebagai wujud kesetaraan gender, menawarkan solusi efisien untuk masalah pewarisan tanpa merugikan pihak mana pun. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa perkawinan negen dadua adalah manifestasi dari kesetaraan gender dalam masyarakat Hukum Adat Bali dan merupakan langkah maju menuju pengakuan hak-hak perempuan.
A Formação do professor de Matemática para o ensino de Álgebra
Authors: Belo Edileusa do Socorro Valente 
Published: January 2024

Este estudo apresenta uma experiência docente na disciplina Matemática para ensinar: álgebra e funções no Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Federal de Roraima, a referida disciplina objetiva mobilizar conteúdos da Álgebra para a futura prática docente na Educação Básica. Neste sentido, usando um estudo de caso, analisamos o planejamento das práticas formativas utilizadas pela professora responsável pela disciplina, tomando como base, o Projeto Pedagógico do Curso, o plano de ensino e a ementa da disciplina. Concluímos que existe uma preocupação em discutir, na formação inicial de professores de matemática, o ensino de álgebra e suas peculiaridades, como: o desenvolvimento da álgebra e de seu ensino, as dificuldades dos alunos na transição da aritmética para a álgebra, estratégias para o ensino com o uso de várias estratégias.
Pengaruh Digitalisasi, Literasi Keuangan, dan Persepsi Risiko Terhadap Keputusan Investasi
Authors: Resyita Cherina Pancha , Khoiriyah Rahmawati 
Published: January 2024

This research aims to examine the influence of digitalization, financial literacy and risk perception on investment decision making. This research is a type of quantitative research that obtains primary data by distributing questionnaires. The population in this study were students from the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business, Raden Mas Said State Islamic University, Surakarta who had made investment. The sample in this research was selected using a non-probability method in the form of a purposive sampling technique. The samples used in this study amounted to 100 samples.. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis supported by the IBM Statistics SPSS 23 program. The research results show that there is a significant influence.
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Violencia Organizacional y Agresión en el Clima Laboral en Puerto Rico
Authors: Vélez Alvarado Rita , Rosario Rodríguez Adam , Vélez Abner 
Published: January 2024

La violencia en el lugar de empleo se refiere a la amenaza o la acción violenta en contra del empleado. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Violencia Organizacional y Agresión en el Clima Laboral (EVOACL), desarrollada por Kessler et al. (2008), en una muestra de adultos puertorriqueños. Un total de 204 trabajadores participaron en este estudio de carácter exploratorio, tipo instrumental y psicométrico. Los resultados manifestaron una solución de tres factores como la más apropiada para explicar la variancia en las puntuaciones. Estos factores fueron identificados como Políticas y Procedimientos, Procedimientos y Respuesta e Imposición de Prácticas Inseguras. Un total de 18 reactivos cumplieron con los criterios de discriminación y cargas factoriales apropiadas (seis reactivos por factor). El índice de confiabilidad de la escala fue de .96 Alfa de Cronbach para las dimensiones de la Políticas y Procedimientos y Procedimientos y Respuestas y .92 Alfa de Cronbach para la dimensión de la Imposición de Prácticas Inseguras. Estos resultados sugieren que la EVOACL tiene el potencial para medir este constructo en el ambiente laboral puertorriqueño. Además, la EVOACL permitirá el avance de nuevas investigaciones sobre elfenómeno de la de Violencia Organizacional y Agresión en el Clima Laboral en la población laboral de Puerto Rico.
Evolution of theory of marketing – a micro- and a macro approach
Authors: Gołębiewski Jarosław 
Published: January 2024

In the early 20th century, the pioneers of marketing theory attempted to define the scope of content of the new academic discipline of marketing. They looked at such concepts as functions, institutions, goods and, later, interregional trade. These approaches were considered an integral part of marketing as a whole. The paradigm shift that took place in the 1950s gave rise to many other schools: marketing management, marketing systems, consumer behaviour, macromarketing, social exchange and the history of marketing. A result of the growing fragmentation of the discipline was the increasing independence of individual schools, which focused mainly on their own narrow perspectives, neither attaching importance to the achievements of the remaining ones nor caring to integrate them into a coherent whole. Further development of marketing theory will require research focused not only on the managerial perspective, but taking into account the broader social and economic context.
Pulpal Temperature Variances During Step-by-step Adhesive Restorative Procedure Using Three Different High-irradiance Light-curing Units
Authors: Nakagawa RK , Araújo de Oliveira HH , Abreu LG , R de Castro Albuquerque , LF dos Santos Alves Morgan , A Nogueira Moreira 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
The rise in temperature in pulp tissues is related not only to heat transfer by high-irradiance light-curing units (LCUs), but also to restorative procedures. This research aimed to compare the rise in pulp temperature (PT) induced by three LCUs at each restorative step while considering the influence of resin composite shade and thickness. To accomplish this, the investigators used a proposed experimental model replicating pulp fluid circulation with a controlled, simulated intraoral temperature in bovine incisors. The recorded external and internal PT ranged from 36.7°C to 37.1°C and 32.7°C to 33.0°C, respectively. A significant decrease of internal temperature was recorded during class V preparation, followed by a progressive and representative rise of temperature in the subsequent restorative steps. The temperature was significantly higher during light curing of the adhesive system using Valo compared to light curing using Elipar and Radii Cal. However, none of the analyzed devices produced a temperature that exceeded the pulp tolerance limit (a temperature increase over 5.5°C). The paired test showed no significant difference in pulp temperature associated with the thickness of the increment of resin composite. However, shade was found to have more influence on the amount of energy absorbed by pulp tissue—A1 samples showed significantly higher temperature variation compared to samples using the A4 shade of resin composite. To conclude, the microcirculation and the performance of procedures under constant air-water flux dissipate the heat absorbed by the pulp. Additionally, the data suggest that all three LCUs analyzed can be safely used in clinical procedures, and that the resin composite shade may influence the amount of irradiance delivered to the tooth surface and represents a significant factor in pulp temperature variance.
Implementasi Teori Belajar Humanisme Dalam Pembelajaran PAI Kelas VII Di SMP Diponegoro Depok Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Aulia Mawardi Ferika , Sabarudin Sabarudin 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui baimana bentuk implementasi pembelajaran humanistic diprakarsai oleh Carl R Rogers tentang pembelajaran agama Islam dengan penerapan teori humanisme di SMP Diponegoro, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Pada kenyataannya bentuk implementasi ini sangat penting sangat penting karena dapat membentuk peserta didik memiliki sikap bersosial tinggi, saling menghargai, memupuk kebersamaaan dan ukhuwah Islamiyah sehingga pendidikan di sekolah dapat memahami potensi yang dimiliki oleh siswa tidak hanya bidang kognitif tetapi lebih ditekankan dalam aspek sosial. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Diponegoro Depok Sleman Yogyakarta dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh penerapan teori ini telah bermanfaat bagi perkembangan belajar siswa di sekolah. Pada kenyataannya, tenaga pendidik atau guru di SMP Diponegoro sudah sedikit banyak menerapkan teori humanisme terkait dalam pengembangan materi PAI guna meningkatkan rasa peduli peserta didik dengan sesama teman dan lingkungan sekolah yang ada. Dilakukan dengan Dalam penelitian lapangan, pendekatan kualitatif digunakan, bersama dengan pendekatan deskriptif untuk mencoba menjelaskan serta mengidentifikasi secara mendalam terkait bagaimana pengimplementasian teori dalam belajar secara humanistik oleh Carl R Rogers tentang pembelajaran agama Islam dengan penerapan teori humanisme di Strategi guru PAI SMP Diponegoro khususnya dalam menyikapi peserta didik yang terus mengikuti perkembangan zaman saat ini yaitu dengan cara pendekatan setiap individu agar tidak terlalu larut kebiasaan-kebiasaan yang kurang baik dan yang paling terpenting ialah setiap guru di sekolah guru PAI khususnya memberikan keteladanan atau pembiasaan berperilaku baik dalam beraktifitas di lingkungan sekolah. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi terkais kasus yang terjadi di lingkungan SMP Diponegoro Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. Data penelitiaan diperoleh menggunakan responden seorang guru yang mengajar mata pelajaran PAI dan telah mengimplementasikan teori humanistik didalam pembelajaran di sekolah
Analisis Kompetensi Guru Sekolah Dasar Dalam Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Digital
Authors: Silvester Silvester , Purnasari Pebria Dheni , Saputro Totok Victor Didik , Jesica Melania 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kompetensi guru Sekolah Dasar dalam mengimplementasikan pembelajaran berbasis digital, yang ditinjau dari keterampilan, pemahaman, konsep dan pendekatan guru terhadap media digital dan penggunaan teknologi digital dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan analisis kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi yang dilakukan bersama responden. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik analisis data yang dikembangkan oleh Miles dan Huberman yaitu reduction, data display, dan conclusion drawing. Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di SDN 03 Bengkayang menunjukan bahwa pemahaman guru terhadap teknologi digital masih tergolong kurang mahir khususnya dalam menggunakan perangkat digital dan aplikasi digital. Dalam kegiatan pembelajaran para guru masih menggunakan media konvensional, belum mengimplementasikan media pembelajaran berbasis digital. Hal ini karena kemampuan, pemahaman dan keterampilan guru dalam menggunakan perangkat dang aplikasi digital masih kurang.
Analisis Kesalahan Penggunaan Ejaan Surat Resmi di Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo Tahun 2022
Authors: Subangun Subangun 
Published: January 2024

Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo sebagai perguruan tinggi besar di Kabupaten Ponorogo menggunakan surat untuk berkomunikasi baik internal maupun eksternal. Salah satu unsur penting dalam penulisan surat adalah penggunaan ejaan, Pedoman Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia (PUEBI) harus dijadikan pedoman dalam penulisan surat resmi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk kesalahan pemakaian EYD, khususnya pemakaian huruf kapital dan pemakaian tanda baca, khususnya tanda baca titik, koma, dan titik dua dalam surat resmi di Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo tahun 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dengan studi dokumentasi dan teknik analisis data dengan teknik kajian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dalam surat resmi yang dikeluarkan Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo tahun 2022 ditemukan bentuk kesalahan pemakaian huruf kapital pada penulisan lampiran surat, perihal surat, alamat tujuan, salam, isi surat, identitas pengirim, dan tembusan surat. Tipe kesalahan pemakaian huruf kapital dalam isi surat meliputi kesalahan penulisan nama dokumen resmi, kata umum, kata tugas, kata sifat Tuhan, akronim, nama tempat, dan lambang bilangan. Sementara itu, dalam penggunaan tanda baca titik ditemukan bentuk kesalahan pada penulisan singkatan nama tahun, singkatan gelar akademik, nama resmi lembaga, nama dokumen resmi, dan satuan mata uang. Dalam penulisan tanda baca koma ditemukan kesalahan pada pemisahan anak kalimat yang mendahului induk kalimat, pemerincian, penanda penghubung kalimat, dan pemisahan predikat yang mendahului subjek. Adapun dalam penggunaan tanda baca titik dua ditemukan kesalahan pada pemakaian titik dua yang mendahului keterangan tujuan, keterangan waktu, keterangan penjelas, dan mendahului nomor dokumen.
Improvements in swine herd biosecurity reduce the incidence risk of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in breeding herds in the Midwestern United States
Authors: Dee Scott , Brands Lisa , Nerem Joel , Schelkopf Adam , Spronk Gordon , Kikuti Mariana , Corzo Cesar , Havas Karyn 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a significant disease of swine. The purpose of this study was to determine whether application of a comprehensive, science-based approach to breeding herd biosecurity, known as next-generation biosecurity (NGB), could reduce PRRS incidence risk across a large commercial production company.

ANIMALS
Pigs (381,404 sows across 76 breeding herds).

METHODS
From 2009 to 2020, the annual incidence risk of PRRS in sow farms managed by the same company averaged 33%, ranging from 20% to 50%. To measure the effect of NGB on PRRS incidence risk, a retrospective cohort study was conducted from July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023, across breeding herds managed by the same company. During the analysis, 2 groups of herds emerged: those that implemented protocols for all phases of NGB (NGB COMPLETE), and those that implemented all described protocols of biosecurity except for air filtration (NGB INCOMPLETE).

RESULTS
During the 2-year assessment period, 56 breeding herds were classified as NGB COMPLETE, while 20 herds were NGB INCOMPLETE. The PRRS incidence risk in NGB COMPLETE herds was 8.9% as compared to 40.0% in NGB INCOMPLETE herds. From disease year 1 (July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2022) and disease year 2 (July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023), system-wide PRRS incidence risk was 8.6% and 9.2%, respectively. The association between NGB status and PRRS incidence risk for the 2-year period was statistically significant at a P value of .006.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results of the present report provided evidence that improvements in biosecurity result in lower PRRS incidence risk under large-scale commercial swine production conditions.
Machining of TiAl6V4 Using Lubricants Containing Renewable Microalgae-Born Performance Additives
Authors: Koch Thomas , Wenzel Dominik , Gläbe Ralf 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Titanium and its alloys represent a special class of materials. A density of 4.81 g/cm3, a tensile strength of over 1,200 MPa, a fatigue strength greater than that of steel, a low modulus of elasticity and its self-passivating, inert surface make titanium an ideal material for lightweight structures in aerospace, marine applications, the chemical industry and medical implants. Although titanium is inert in its oxidised state, its nascent surface created in machining reacts with almost everything in its environment, including the tool. Moreover, its poor thermal conductivity results in high thermal stress on the tools. Overall, these properties lead to high wear rates and result in the requirement for finding a particularised solution for processes such as milling that involve the need to overcome such challenges. Such processes therefore require lubricants with well-selected performance additives. However, most of these performance additives are based on mineral oil and thus come from a non-renewable resource. In the presented work, environmental-friendly alternatives to conventional mineral oil-based performance additives were investigated. Due to the working mechanisms of performance additives in machining, this work focusses on sulphur- and phosphorus-containing polysaccharides and proteins from microalgae. It has been successfully shown that lubricants using extracts from microalgae as performance additives can be used for high-speed milling (HSC) of TiAl6V4. The investigated extracts were able to reach the performance level of conventional additives in terms of tool lifetime and wear. The results obtained show that appropriate alternatives to mineral oil-based additives exist from renewable raw-material sources.
Fuzzy Based Supervision Approach in the Event of Rotational Speed Inversion in an Induction Motor
Authors: Hatem Bellahsene Noura Rezika 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article aims to implement the fuzzy control for an asynchronous motor after a general representation of the vector control. We develop MAMDANI type fuzzy algorithm for MAS speed regulation; it’s one purpose is to cancel static error, decrease overshoot, decrease response time, and rise time to obtain an adequate response of the process and regulation and to have a precise, fast, stable and robust system. This paper investigates the design of a fuzzy-based approach for monitoring the inversion of the rotational speed of an induction motor. We will indeed present a robust vector control technique ex-tended to blur in the event of a fault. Direct torque control is known to produce fast and robust response in the AC drive system. However, in a steady state, a rapid and unexpected change in speed can occur which could be dangerous. The performance of the conventional PID controller can be improved by implementing fuzzy logic techniques. The first step is the modelling of the whole system, including the capacitors, the induction generator and the loads. The model is obtained using the Park transformation. The results are thus compared with those of the standard PID control. This approach is applied to a three-phase asynchronous motor (LS90Lz). The presented study improves the transient response time and the precision of the servo system. An inversion of the reference speed of rotation is considered, and the results are very convincing.