bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOSIOLOGI HUKUM UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN HUKUM YANG BERKEADILAN
Authors: Umairy Adib Kamali 
Published: January 2024

Penegakan hukum di indonesia cenderung mengutamakan kepastian hukum saja, yang kemudian terbawa alam bawah sadar bahwa kebenaran dan keadilan ialah hukum tertulis, para penegak hukum kita masih saja berkutat pada keadilan formal, belum menyentuh pada keadilan subtantif. Akibatnya persoalan penegak hukum makin memperburuk. Sehingga berbagai pendekatan perlu menjadi perhatian dalam proses penegakan hukum, salah satunya ialah pendekatan sosiologi hukum, karena hukum kita masih terdapat kecendrungan bersikap tegas dan kaku terhadap kelompok rentan, sebut saja diantaranya masyarakat fakir miskin, ketidak seimbangan antara keadilan dan kerugian yang alami. Oleh karenanya Fakta fakta sosial dalam masyarakat perlu digali lebih dalam, perilaku masyarakat, gejala-gejala sosial, norma yang hidup dimasyarakat menjadi sesuatu yang tidak bisa diharaukan jika penegakan di indonesia ingin serius dalam memastikan keadilan masyarakat, sosiologi hukum bukan untuk menilai baik dan buruk tetapi untuk memberikan deskripsi terhadap fakta fakta yang ditemukan. Studi studi hukum tentang Sosiolosogi hukum berusaha mencoba untuk membebaskan hakim dalam bayang-bayang positivisme hukum agar dapat mewujudkan keadilan yang sebenarnya yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat.
Comparison of electronic stopping cross sections for channeled implantation of Al ions between the 〈0001〉 and 〈11
2¯
3〉 directions in 4H-SiC
Authors: Mochizuki Kazuhiro , Nishimura Tomoaki , Mishima Tomoyoshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Electronic stopping cross sections (S
e) for channeled implantation of Al ions in 4H-SiC were compared between the 〈0001〉 and 〈11

2

¯

3〉 directions. We first modeled S
e for random implantation (S
e
random) by combining the Firsov equation at an Al-ion energy E < 8.6 MeV with the constant (i.e. 4.22 × 10−13 eV cm2/atom) at E > 8.6 MeV. We then assumed S
e for channeled implantation being k S
e
random and fitted k to the reported maximum channeled ranges of 18−20 MeV Al in 4H-SiC. The resultant k
〈112̄3〉 of 0.53 being smaller than k
〈0001〉 of 0.70 was consistent with the difference in the maximum impact parameters.
Effect of annealing temperature on Eu2+ and Eu3+ ratios in AlN:Eu thin films
Authors: Miyano Kazuto , Qian Yingda , Ishizawa Asuka , Kaku Shinichiro , Zhao Xinwei , Murayama Mariko 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Eu-doped aluminum nitride (AlN:Eu) thin films were fabricated and characterized in a way of white light generation. AlN exhibits blue luminescence originating from defect levels. Furthermore, Eu2+ demonstrates green luminescence, while Eu3+ emits red light. Consequently, white luminescence is anticipated in Eu-doped AIN thin films. The concept is to control the ratio of Eu2+/Eu3+ in the thin film to vary the emission colors. We aimed to manipulate the Eu valence ratio in AIN:Eu thin films by changing the annealing temperature and examining the resultant luminescence characteristics. Our findings revealed an increase in defect-related luminescence in AIN samples annealed at higher temperatures, along with a rise in the Eu2+ fraction. We explore these outcomes in relation to the structural models surrounding Al and Eu ions, as elaborated in the main text.
Improvement of S/N ratio in simultaneous photoacoustic and photoluminescence measurements by utilizing Helmholtz resonance
Authors: Tosa Hiroki , Mori-Tamamura Keito , Yamaguchi Atsushi A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Accurate estimation of internal quantum efficiency (IQE) is essential for a comprehensive understanding of carrier dynamics in light-emitting materials in optical devices. We proposed simultaneous photoacoustic (PA) and photoluminescence measurements as a method for estimating accurate IQE values. This method detects the heat generated by non-radiative recombination as well as the light generated by radiative recombination, and this reduces the need to use theoretical models and assumptions for IQE estimation, unlike conventional methods that measure only radiative recombination processes. In some cases, however, there is a problem of heat generated outside of the measurement point being mixed into the PA signal. HF measurement reduces the mixing of false signals, but the PA signal intensity itself deceases with frequency, resulting in a poor S/N ratio. In this study, we have significantly improved the S/N ratio of PA measurements at HF by two measures in the microphone method we use for PA measurements: increasing the air pressure in the cell and utilizing Helmholtz resonance.
Printed organic transistors and complementary ring oscillators operatable at 200 mV
Authors: Yamada Masaya , Takeda Yasunori , Tokito Shizuo , Matsui Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Applications of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) include wearable health monitors and next-generation Internet-of-Things systems driven by a small energy-harvesting power supply. Such applications require low voltage and low power consumption organic ICs. In this paper, we demonstrate complementary ICs based on printed p-type and n-type OTFTs operatable at an ultralow supply voltage of 200 mV. For that purpose, threshold voltages were finely tuned by dual-gate structure and self-assembled monolayer. Complementary inverter-based ring oscillators operated at small supply voltages down to 200 mV and exhibited a power consumption as small as 6 pW per stage.
Analysis of the Arabic Language Textbook Syahid Wa Ta'allam Li al-Nāthiqīn Bighairihā by Hassan Muhammad Abdel Maqsoud According to Amani and Awatif’s Theory
Authors: Alfatawi Ahmad Talkhis , Mirwan Akhmad Taufiq  
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine quality textbook Syahid Wa Ta'allam Li al-Nathiqin Bighairiha. This study uses the method descriptive qualitative with type of research is library research. The main data source of this research is sourced from textbooks Syahid Wa Ta'allam Li al-Nathiqin Bighairiha compiled by Hasan Muhammad Abdul maqsud lecturer at Ain Syams University, Cairo, Egypt. Collection of research data with techniques documentation in depth literature review and then analyze it. Based on analysis, the researcher have found this book was included in the category of good textbooks. But, from some existing assessment. The book Syahid Wa Ta'allam Li al-Nathiqin Bighairiha are some deficianicies that need to be improved, such as covers are less attractive to students, not keep up with the times and development.
Metode Sejarah dalam Perspektif Ibnu Khaldun (Telaah Kitab Mukaddimah)
Authors: Hamzah Saidin , Nisa Andi Khaerunin 
Published: January 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menelaah dan menjelaskan Metode Sejarah dalam Perspektif Ibnu Khaldun dalam kitab mukaddimah yang merupakan pendahuluan dari kitab al-Ibar. Untuk menguraikan hal itu masalah pokok penelitian ini adalah bagaimana metode sejarah dalam perspektif ibnu Khaldun? Adapun sub masalah Pertama, Bagaimana biografi Ibnu Khaldun?. Yang kedua, Bagaimana pemikiran sejarah Ibnu Khaldun dan kara-karyannya?. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut metode yang ditempuh adalah penelitian bersifat analytical history (Penelitian Sejarah) antara lain heuristik (pengumpulan data), kritik sumber (intern maupun ekstren), interpretasi (penafsiran) dan historiografi (penulisan sejarah). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Gerak sejarah dalam perspektif Ibnu Khaldun adalah siklus, manusia atau masyarakat mengalami tiga fase dalam kehidupan yaitu: lahir, berkembang, dan mati. Dalam dunia politik pemerintahan dikenal masa kebangkitan, keemasan dan akhirnya kehancuran. Jadi Gerak sejarah menurut Ibnu Khaldun adalah berpangkal pada kehendak Tuhan. Perubahan yang terjadi pada masyarakat karena kehendak Tuhan, meskipun secara alamiah manusia adalah berubah tetapi perubahan (gerak sejarah) terjadi karena qadar Tuhan.
Budget Impact of RefluxStop™ as a Treatment for Patients with Refractory Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease in the United Kingdom
Authors: Harper Sam , Grodzicki Lukasz , Mealing Stuart , Gemmill Elizabeth , Goldsmith Paul , Ahmed Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

Background: Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a common condition associated with heartburn and regurgitation. Standard of care for GORD patients in the UK involves initial treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and laparoscopic antireflux surgery in patients unwilling to continue or intolerant of long-term PPI treatment. Recently, RefluxStop™, a novel, implantable medical device, has proven to be an efficacious and cost-effective treatment for patients with GORD. The current analysis aimed to describe the budget impact of introducing RefluxStop™ within National Health Service (NHS) England and Wales. Objectives: To estimate the more immediate, short-term clinical and economic effects of introducing RefluxStop™ as a therapeutic option for patients with GORD treated within NHS England and Wales. Methods: A model adherent to international best practice guidelines was developed to estimate the budget impact of introducing RefluxStop™ over a 5-year time horizon, from an NHS perspective. Two hypothetical scenarios were considered, one without RefluxStop™ (comprising PPI treatment, laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication, and magnetic sphincter augmentation using the LINX® system) and one with RefluxStop™ (adding RefluxStop™ to the aforementioned treatment options). Clinical benefits and costs associated with each intervention were included in the analysis. Results: Over 5 years, introducing RefluxStop™ allowed the avoidance of 347 surgical failures, 39 reoperations, and 239 endoscopic esophageal dilations. The financial impact of introducing RefluxStop™ was £3 029 702 in year 5, corresponding to a 1.68% increase in annual NHS spending on GORD treatment in England and Wales. Discussion: While the time horizon was too short to capture some of the adverse events of PPIs and complications of GORD, such as the development of Barrett’s esophagus or esophageal cancer, the use of RefluxStop™ was associated with a substantial reduction in surgical complications, including surgical failures, reoperations, and endoscopic esophageal dilations. This favorable clinical profile resulted in cost offsets for the NHS and contributed to the marginal budget impact of RefluxStop™ estimated in the current analysis. Conclusions: Introducing RefluxStop™ as a treatment option for patients with GORD in England and Wales may be associated with clinical benefits at the expense of a marginal budget impact on the NHS.
Association of tumor budding with clinicopathological features and prognostic value in stage III-IV colorectal cancer
Authors: Luo Yue-Hao , Yan Zhe-Cheng , Liu Jia-Ying , Li Xin-Yi , Yang Ming , Fan Jun , Huang Bo , Ma Cheng-Gong , Chang Xiao-Na , Nie Xiu 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Tumor budding (TB) has emerged as a promising independent prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC). The prognostic role of TB has been extensively studied and currently affects clinical decision making in patients with stage I and II CRC. However, existing prognostic studies on TB in stage III CRC have been confined to small retrospective cohort studies. Consequently, this study investigated the correlation among TB categories, clinicopathological features, and prognosis in stage III-IV CRC to further enhance the precision and individualization of treatment through refined prognostic risk stratification.
AIM
To analyze the relationship between TB categories and clinicopathological characteristics and assess their prognostic value in stage III-IV CRC to further refine the prognostic risk stratification of stage III-IV CRC.
METHODS
The clinical data of 547 CRC patients were collected for this retrospective study. Infiltration at the front edge of the tumor buds was counted according to the 2016 International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference guidelines.
RESULTS
Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated that chemotherapy (P = 0.004), clinical stage IV (P < 0.001), ≥ 4 regional lymph node metastases (P = 0.004), left-sided colonic cancer (P = 0.040), and Bd 2-3 (P = 0.002) were independent prognostic factors in patients with stage III-IV CRC. Moreover, the density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes was higher in Bd 1 than in Bd 2-3, both in the tumor stroma and its invasive margin.
CONCLUSION
TB has an independent predictive prognostic value in patients with stage III-IV CRC. It is recommended to complete the TB report of stage III-IV CRC cases in the standardized pathological report to further refine risk stratification.
Capital Structure and Financial Performance of Listed Brewery Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Banabo Kelechi Chiechezolam , Aganaba Doubra. 
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the relationship between Capital Structure and Financial Performance of Listed Breweries Companies in Nigeria with the moderating factor of firm size. The study developed five specific objectives, five research questions as well as five hypotheses and used generalized mean, standard deviation and multiple regression with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze the secondary data extracted from the annual reports and accounts of the companies studied. Data was gathered from secondary sources. Secondary data were sourced from annual reports of the companies available at the Nigerian Exchange Group (websites). Correlational research design was adopted and population of the study consists of five (5) listed breweries companies on the Nigerian Exchange group December 2021. Using census sampling technique, the five companies were selected to constitute the sample for the study. Capital Structure predictor variables were proxied by Equity Financing and debt financing. While Financial Performance criterion variables were measured by return on asset and return on Investment. The study found that capital structure has a positive and insignificant relationship with financial performance of listed brewery companies in Nigeria. Based on the findings, conclusions were reached that Equity financing has a positive, very weak and insignificant effect on Return on and return on investment. Similarly, Debt financing has a positive, very weak and insignificant relationship with return on asset and return on investment. Finally, Firm size has a positive, very weak and insignificant moderating effect on the relationship between capital structure and financial performance of listed brewery companies in Nigeria. The study recommended amongst others that, there should be a review of the capital structure of the firms so as to ascertain the optimal capital structure that can be used to enhance financial performance, Equity position of the firms should be reviewed as well as this could have a way of increasing their performance in terms of return in investment if used adequately, the size of the firm in terms of its total asset base should be considered by the management of the listed firms so that the right kind of capital structure for the company can be adopted.
Análisis de las Variables Capacitación, Innovación, Recursos Financieros y Calidad y su impacto en la Competitividad del Sector Hotelero en Ibagué, Colombia y Morelia, México
Authors: Guarnizo Tole Angela Johana , Flores Romero Martha Beatriz 
Published: January 2024

Los hoteles tienen un papel primordial en la economía del turismo, actualmente la actividad hotelera representa una importante fuente de ingresos; no solo para el sector, también para establecimientos que ofrecen servicios complementarios, como lo son: el transporte, las agencias de viajes y los restaurantes. Los hoteles venden una experiencia a sus huéspedes, razón por la cual la oferta debe ser cada vez más atractiva e innovadora. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las variables capacitación, innovación, recursos financieros y calidad y su impacto en la competitividad del sector hotelero en las ciudades de Ibagué, Colombia y Morelia, México. La muestra está conformada por 79 hoteles, que se encuentran ubicados en el centro de la ciudad, zona con mayor afluencia turística. El estudio es de tipo mixto correlacional, la técnica de recolección de los datos fue la encuesta; la cual fue aplicada a directivos hoteleros y personal administrativo. Para el análisis de los resultados se llevó a cabo el análisis de fiabilidad, análisis factorial exploratorio y la técnica de regresión lineal múltiple.
Opciones en Acciones Americanas Call con Dividendos: Aproximación Según Volatilidad Histórica e Implícita de los Modelos de Barone-Adesi y Whaley, Black-Scholes y Binomial
Authors: Arnez Gutierrez Jose Antonio 
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se exponen los resultados comparados de modelos de valoración de compra de opciones en acciones que pagan dividendos a una tasa constante, por aproximación de Barone-Adesi y Whaley, binomial americano y Black-Scholes, tomando como parámetro a la volatilidad histórica e implica. El objeto de estudio es una empresa de categoría: “Aristócratas del dividendo” para opciones, que forman parte del S&P 500 y que pagan e incrementan anualmente su dividendo por acción sin interrupciones por más de 25 años. Los modelos propuestos gozan de amplia difusión y aplicabilidad tanto en el ámbito académico como para inversionistas entendidos con las ventajas de comprar o vender opciones sean de tipo europeo o americano. Los resultados obtenidos aplicando la constante de volatilidad histórica, y tasa libre de riesgo a un mismo periodo de vencimiento, pero con más de 29 strikes diferentes de la misma opción, fueron cotejados con el valor teórico propuesto y calculado por el bróker, que incluyen su volatilidad implica a cada contrato de opciones del mismo periodo de vencimiento; las diferencias son mínimas casi nulas otorgando validez sobre la aplicación comparativa de los modelos propuestos.
Penerapan Permainan Warna dengan Teknik Tarik Benang untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Seni Rupa Anak
Authors: Apopi Noni , Amalia Rizki , Fauziddin Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan anak kelompok B TK Kejora Bangsa dalam kreativitas seni rupa, Sebagian anak belum mampu mengkombinasikan lebih dari 2 warna atau sampai 4 warna,. Salah satu solusi yang ditawarkan oleh peneliti adalah mencoba kegiatan permainan warna dengan tekhnik tarik benang untuk meningkatkan kreativitas seni rupa pada anak kelompok B di TK Kejora Bangsa. Jenis penelitian yang diterapkan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik observasi dah teknik dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis data kuantitatif dan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah nilai BB pada pra tindakan 7 anak atau 41,18% Pada siklus I menjadi 0 anak atau 0%,nilai MB pada pra tindakan sebesar 9 anak atau 56,25%, pada siklus 1 menjadi 6 anak atau 37,5% lalu di siklus II ada 0 anak atau 0%, nilai BSH pada pada pra tindakan ada 0 anak atau 0% Pada siklus 1 menjadi 10 anak atau 62,5% lalu Pada siklus II menjadi 2 anak atau 12,5% nilai terakhir BSB pada kegiatan pra tindakan ada 0 anak atau 0% Pada siklus 1 masih 0 anak atau 0% dan di akhir siklus II menjadi 14 anak atau 87,5% hasil ini menunjukkan peningkatan yang sangat signifikan. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulakn bahwa permainan warna dengan tekhnik tarik benang dapat meningkatkan kreativitas seni rupa pada anak.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menyimak melalui Kegiatan Bercerita pada Anak Usia 5 – 6 Tahun
Authors: Rahmawati Any 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menyimak melalui kegiatan bercerita pada anak usia 5 – 6 tahun di TK Telkom Kota Batam. Penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dua siklus yang masing-masing lima kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelompok B yang terdiri dari 15 anak. Anak usia dini adalah anak yang berada pada rentang usia 0-6 tahun. Masa ini adalah masa untuk mengembangkan semua potensi yang dimiliki anak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan pada Siklus I adalah 2 anak (13%) belum berkembang, 6 anak (40%) mulai berkembang, 4 anak (27%) berkembang sesuai harapan, 3 anak (20%) berkembang sangat baik. Pada Siklus II, 1 anak (7%) belum berkembang,1 anak (7%) mulai berkembang, 4 anak (26%) berkembang sesuai harapan, 9 anak (60%) berkembang sangat baik. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut Kegiatan perbaikan kemampuan menyimak melalui kegiatan bercerita, dengan menggunakan metode yang tepat, media yang menarik, persiapan yang matang dari pendidik akan menciptakan pembelajaran yang menarik dan menyenangkan, sehingga akan mendapatkan hasil pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.
A Markedly Expanded Sample of Candidate X-Ray-emitting Isolated Neutron Stars
Authors: Demasi Sebastian , Anderson Scott F. , Agüeros Marcel A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The current sample of 12 radio-quiet isolated neutron stars that emit strongly in X-rays (XINSs) is both small and heterogeneous, limiting its usefulness for understanding the physics of neutron star atmospheres and cooling rates and for constraining the equation of state of neutron degenerate matter. Utilizing the ROSAT 1RXS and 2RXS data sets, in conjunction with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 17 and other companion multiwavelength surveys, we have extended previous searches for blank-field X-ray source candidate XINSs, ultimately recovering two known XINSs while identifying 46 new, unstudied candidate fields devoid of likely multiwavelength counterparts. In this publication, we describe our selection approach and provide detailed information regarding our sample of new candidate XINSs. Future opportunities to verify or to refute these X-ray sources as isolated neutron stars by obtaining more accurate X-ray source positions, quality X-ray spectra, or deeper optical imaging are also discussed.
Modeling Noncondensing Compositional Convection for Applications to Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Atmospheres
Authors: Habib Namrah , Pierrehumbert Raymond T. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Compositional convection is atmospheric mixing driven by density variations caused by compositional gradients. Previous studies have suggested that compositional gradients of atmospheric trace species within planetary atmospheres can impact convection and the final atmospheric temperature profile. In this work, we employ 3D convection-resolving simulations using Cloud Model 1 (CM1) to gain a fundamental understanding of how compositional variation influences convection and the final atmospheric state of exoplanet atmospheres. We perform 3D initial value problem simulations of noncondensing compositional convection for Earth-air, H2, and CO2 atmospheres. Conventionally, atmospheric convection is assumed to mix the atmosphere to a final, marginally stable state defined by a unique temperature profile. However, when there is compositional variation within an atmosphere, a continuous family of stable end states is possible, differing in the final state composition profile. Our CM1 simulations are used to determine which of the family of possible compositional end states is selected. Leveraging the results from our CM1 simulations, we develop a dry convective adjustment scheme for use in general circulation models (GCMs). This scheme relies on an energy analysis to determine the final adjusted atmospheric state. Our convection scheme produces results that agree with our CM1 simulations and can easily be implemented in GCMs to improve modeling of compositional convection in exoplanet atmospheres.