bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low interspecific variation and no phylogenetic signal in additive genetic variance in wild bird and mammal populations
Authors: Young Euan A. , Postma Erik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEvolutionary adaptation through genetic change requires genetic variation and is a key mechanism enabling species to persist in changing environments. Although a substantial body of work has focused on understanding how and why additive genetic variance (VA) differs among traits within species, we still know little about how they vary among species. Here we make a first attempt at testing for interspecific variation in two complementary measures of VA and the role of phylogeny in shaping this variation. To this end, we performed a phylogenetic comparative analysis using 1822 narrow‐sense heritability (h2) for 68 species of birds and mammals and 378 coefficients of additive genetic variance (CVA) estimates for 23 species. Controlling for within‐species variation attributable to estimation method and trait type, we found some interspecific variation in h2 (~15%) but not CVA. Although suggestive of interspecific variation in the importance of non‐(additive) genetic sources of variance, sample sizes were insufficient to test this hypothesis directly. Additionally, although power was low, no phylogenetic signal was detected for either measure. Hence, while this suggests interspecific variation in VA is probably small, our understanding of interspecific variation in the adaptive potential of wild vertebrate populations is currently hampered by data limitations, a scarcity of CVA estimates and a measure of their uncertainty in particular.
Energy decay for a coupled wave system with one local Kelvin–Voigt damping
Authors: Zhang Hua‐Lei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the energy decay of a coupled wave system with one local Kelvin–Voigt damping. The system consists of two wave equations locally coupled by zero‐order terms. When the damping coefficient function and the coupling coefficient function satisfy suitable assumptions, by Carleman estimate and the frequency‐domain method, we show that the energy of the system decays logarithmically for sufficiently smooth initial data.
Analysis on continuity of the solution map for the Whitham equation in Besov spaces
Authors: Liu Zhengyan , Wu Xinglong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper is devoted to studying the continuity of the solution map for the Cauchy problem of the Whitham equation. First, the continuity dependence of solution is established in in the sense of Hadamard. Next, by constructing approximate solutions, we show that the data‐to‐solution map is not uniformly continuous in Besov spaces () on the periodic case and on the line. The crucial technical tool used to prove this result is Lemma 5.1, which generalizes the result of Lemma 3 in [23].
On the birational geometry of conic bundles over the projective space
Authors: Massarenti Alex , Mella Massimiliano 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLet be a general minimal ‐fold conic bundle with a hypersurface of degree as discriminant. We prove that if , then is not pseudo‐effective, and that if , then none of the integral multiples of is effective. Finally, we provide examples of smooth unirational ‐fold conic bundles with a discriminant of arbitrarily high degree.
Testing the correct specification of a system of spatial dependence models for stock returns
Authors: Kutzker Tim , Wied Dominik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper provides two specification tests for the system of spatial autoregressive model of order m. We derive the theoretical limit distributions and show in a detailed Monte Carlo simulation study that the tests result in reasonable sized testing procedures with large power. In the empirical application, we analyze Euro Stoxx 50 returns in two different time spans, looking for insights how well models with different specifications of the spatial weighting matrices (local, country, industry and country-industry specific dependencies including interaction effects) fit to the data. The analyzes also demonstrate the ability of the tests to detect inaccurate Value-at-Risk forecasts.
Isolation and characterization of highly active keratinolytic microorganisms with promising potential for waste sheep wool processing
Authors: Petek Blaž , Vodušek Maja , Accetto Tomaž , Zorec Maša , Zalar Polona , Oberčkal Jernej , Marinšek Logar Romana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe huge amounts of keratin-rich waste generated daily by various industries, slaughterhouses, and processing plants need to be properly managed. Most keratin degradation-related research focuses on keratin from bird feathers, but a vast minority focuses on keratin from sheep wool, which also presents a serious environmental problem. In this article, we describe the isolation, identification, and characterization of new keratinolytic microorganisms capable of sheep wool degradation from sheep wool and soil enriched with wool keratin. We isolated four bacterial species from the genus Bacillus (B. subtilis, B. altitudinis, B. mycoides, and B. wiedmannii), one streptomycete species Streptomyces coelicoflavus identified by whole genome sequencing, and a fungal species Aphanoascus reticulisporus. In some of the isolated microorganisms, we detected keratinolytic activity for the first time, and for most of them, the ability to degrade sheep wool has not been previously demonstrated. The keratinases of the new isolates are active in a wide range of temperatures (25–85 °C) and pH (6.0–10.0), so all isolates show great potential for further biotechnological use in industry and in various environmental and agricultural applications to reduce and recycle keratin-rich wastes such as sheep wool and waste woollen textiles.
Baseline markers of cortical excitation and inhibition predict response to theta burst stimulation treatment for youth depression
Authors: Dhami Prabhjot , Moreno Sylvain , Croarkin Paul E. , Blumberger Daniel M. , Daskalakis Zafiris J. , Farzan Faranak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTheta burst stimulation (TBS), a specific form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is a promising treatment for youth with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) who do not respond to conventional therapies. However, given the variable response to TBS, a greater understanding of how baseline features relate to clinical response is needed to identify which patients are most likely to benefit from this treatment. In the current study, we sought to determine if baseline neurophysiology, specifically cortical excitation and/or inhibition, is associated with antidepressant response to TBS. In two independent open-label clinical trials, youth (aged 16–24 years old) with MDD underwent bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) TBS treatment. Clinical trial one and two consisted of 10 and 20 daily sessions of bilateral DLPFC TBS, respectively. At baseline, single-pulse TMS combined with electroencephalography was used to assess the neurophysiology of 4 cortical sites: bilateral DLPFC and inferior parietal lobule. Measures of cortical excitation and inhibition were indexed by TMS-evoked potentials (i.e., P30, N45, P60, N100, and P200). Depression severity was measured before, during and after treatment completion using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression—17. In both clinical trials, the baseline left DLPFC N45 and P60, which are believed to reflect inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms respectively, were predictors of clinical response. Specifically, greater (i.e., more negative) N45 and smaller P60 baseline values were associated with greater treatment response to TBS. Accordingly, cortical excitation and inhibition circuitry of the left DLPFC may have value as a TBS treatment response biomarker for youth with MDD.Clinical trial 1 registration number: NCT02472470 (June 15, 2015).Clinical trial 2 registration number: NCT03708172 (October 17, 2018).
m6A modification of AC026356.1 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating the IGF2BP1-IL11 axis
Authors: Wei Huamei , Yang Jinhun , Lu Rongzhou , Huang Yanyan , Huang Zheng , Huang Lizheng , Zeng Min , Wei Yunyu , Xu Zuoming , Li Wenchuan , Pu Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common RNA modification in eukaryotic RNAs. Although the important roles of m6A in RNA fate have been revealed, the potential contribution of m6A to RNA function in various diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is still unclear. In this study, we identified a novel m6A-modified RNA AC026356.1. We found that AC026356.1 was increased in HCC tissues and cell lines. High expression of AC026356.1 was correlated with poor survival of HCC patients. m6A modification level of AC026356.1 was also increased in HCC and more significantly correlated with poor survival of HCC patients. Functional assays showed that m6A-modified AC026356.1 promoted HCC cellular proliferation, migration, and liver metastasis. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that AC026356.1 activated IL11/STAT3 signaling. Mechanistic investigation showed that m6A-modified AC026356.1 bound to IGF2BP1. The interaction between m6A-modified AC026356.1 and IGF2BP1 promoted the binding of IL11 mRNA to IGF2BP1, leading to increased IL11 mRNA stability and IL11 secretion. Functional rescue assays showed that depletion of IL11 reversed the oncogenic roles of AC026356.1. These findings revealed the potential influences of m6A modification on RNA biological functions and suggested that targeting m6A modification may be a novel strategy for HCC treatment.
Deficiency of histone variant macroH2A1.1 is associated with sexually dimorphic obesity in mice
Authors: Chiodi Valentina , Rappa Francesca , Lo Re Oriana , Chaldakov George N. , Lelouvier Benjamin , Micale Vincenzo , Domenici Maria Rosaria , Vinciguerra Manlio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObesity has a major socio-economic health impact. There are profound sex differences in adipose tissue deposition and obesity-related conditions. The underlying mechanisms driving sexual dimorphism in obesity and its associated metabolic disorders remain unclear. Histone variant macroH2A1.1 is a candidate epigenetic mechanism linking environmental and dietary factors to obesity. Here, we used a mouse model genetically depleted of macroH2A1.1 to investigate its potential epigenetic role in sex dimorphic obesity, metabolic disturbances and gut dysbiosis. Whole body macroH2A1 knockout (KO) mice, generated with the Cre/loxP technology, and their control littermates were fed a high fat diet containing 60% of energy derived from fat. The diet was administered for three months starting from 10 to 12 weeks of age. We evaluated the progression in body weight, the food intake, and the tolerance to glucose by means of a glucose tolerance test. Gut microbiota composition, visceral adipose and liver tissue morphology were assessed. In addition, adipogenic gene expression patterns were evaluated in the visceral adipose tissue. Female KO mice for macroH2A1.1 had a more pronounced weight gain induced by high fat diet compared to their littermates, while the increase in body weight in male mice was similar in the two genotypes. Food intake was generally increased upon KO and decreased by high fat diet in both sexes, with the exception of KO females fed a high fat diet that displayed the same food intake of their littermates. In glucose tolerance tests, glucose levels were significantly elevated upon high fat diet in female KO compared to a standard diet, while this effect was absent in male KO. There were no differences in hepatic histology. Upon a high fat diet, in female adipocyte cross-sectional area was larger in KO compared to littermates: activation of proadipogenic genes (ACACB, AGT, ANGPT2, FASN, RETN, SLC2A4) and downregulation of antiadipogenic genes (AXIN1, E2F1, EGR2, JUN, SIRT1, SIRT2, UCP1, CCND1, CDKN1A, CDKN1B, EGR2) was detected. Gut microbiota profiling showed increase in Firmicutes and a decrease in Bacteroidetes in females, but not males, macroH2A1.1 KO mice. MacroH2A1.1 KO mice display sexual dimorphism in high fat diet-induced obesity and in gut dysbiosis, and may represent a useful model to investigate epigenetic and metabolic differences associated to the development of obesity-associated pathological conditions in males and females.
A time-consistent stabilized finite element method for fluids with applications to hemodynamics
Authors: Jia Dongjie , Esmaily Mahdi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeveral finite element methods for simulating incompressible flows rely on the streamline upwind Petrov–Galerkin stabilization (SUPG) term, which is weighted by $$\tau _{\text{SUPG}}$$

τ
SUPG

. The conventional formulation of $$\tau _{\text{SUPG}}$$

τ
SUPG

includes a constant that depends on the time step size, producing an overall method that becomes exceedingly less accurate as the time step size approaches zero. In practice, such method inconsistency introduces significant error in the solution, especially in cardiovascular simulations, where small time step sizes may be required to resolve multiple scales of the blood flow. To overcome this issue, we propose a consistent method that is based on a new definition of $$\tau _{\text{SUPG}}$$

τ
SUPG

. This method, which can be easily implemented on top of an existing streamline upwind Petrov–Galerkin and pressure stabilizing Petrov–Galerkin method, involves the replacement of the time step size in $$\tau _{\text{SUPG}}$$

τ
SUPG

with a physical time scale. This time scale is calculated in a simple operation once every time step for the entire computational domain from the ratio of the L2-norm of the acceleration and the velocity. The proposed method is compared against the conventional method using four cases: a steady pipe flow, a blood flow through vascular anatomy, an external flow over a square obstacle, and a fluid–structure interaction case involving an oscillatory flexible beam. These numerical experiments, which are performed using linear interpolation functions, show that the proposed formulation eliminates the inconsistency issue associated with the conventional formulation in all cases. While the proposed method is slightly more costly than the conventional method, it significantly reduces the error, particularly at small time step sizes. For the pipe flow where an exact solution is available, we show the conventional method can over-predict the pressure drop by a factor of three. This large error is almost completely eliminated by the proposed formulation, dropping to approximately 1% for all time step sizes and Reynolds numbers considered.
DNA hypomethylation characterizes genes encoding tissue-dominant functional proteins in liver and skeletal muscle
Authors: Maehara Hideki , Kokaji Toshiya , Hatano Atsushi , Suzuki Yutaka , Matsumoto Masaki , Nakayama Keiichi I. , Egami Riku , Tsuchiya Takaho , Ozaki Haruka , Morita Keigo , Shirai Masaki , Li Dongzi , Terakawa Akira , Uematsu Saori , Hironaka Ken-ichi , Ohno Satoshi , Kubota Hiroyuki , Araki Hiromitsu , Miura Fumihito , Ito Takashi , Kuroda Shinya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEach tissue has a dominant set of functional proteins required to mediate tissue-specific functions. Epigenetic modifications, transcription, and translational efficiency control tissue-dominant protein production. However, the coordination of these regulatory mechanisms to achieve such tissue-specific protein production remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the DNA methylome, transcriptome, and proteome in mouse liver and skeletal muscle. We found that DNA hypomethylation at promoter regions is globally associated with liver-dominant or skeletal muscle-dominant functional protein production within each tissue, as well as with genes encoding proteins involved in ubiquitous functions in both tissues. Thus, genes encoding liver-dominant proteins, such as those involved in glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, the urea cycle, complement and coagulation systems, enzymes of tryptophan metabolism, and cytochrome P450-related metabolism, were hypomethylated in the liver, whereas those encoding-skeletal muscle-dominant proteins, such as those involved in sarcomere organization, were hypomethylated in the skeletal muscle. Thus, DNA hypomethylation characterizes genes encoding tissue-dominant functional proteins.
Potential for Person-to-Person Transmission of Henipaviruses: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Hegde Sonia T , Lee Kyu Han , Styczynski Ashley , Jones Forrest K , Gomes Isabella , Das Pritimoy , Gurley Emily S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nipah virus Bangladesh (NiVB) is a bat-borne zoonosis transmitted between people through the respiratory route. The risk posed by related henipaviruses, including Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus Malaysia (NiVM), is less clear. We conducted a broad search of the literature encompassing both human infections and animal models to synthesize evidence about potential for person-to-person spread. More than 600 human infections have been reported in the literature, but information on viral shedding was only available for 40 case-patients. There is substantial evidence demonstrating person-to-person transmission of NiVB, and some evidence for NiVM. Less direct evidence is available about the risk for person-to-person transmission of HeV, but animals infected with HeV shed more virus in the respiratory tract than those infected with NiVM, suggesting potential for transmission. As the group of known henipaviruses continues to grow, shared protocols for conducting and reporting from human investigations and animal experiments are urgently needed.
Epithelial Cell NOD1/IRGM Recruits STX17 to Neisseria gonorrhoeae–Containing Endosomes to Initiate Lysosomal Degradation
Authors: Gao Shuai , Yuan Dailin , Gao Lingyu , Yang Fan , Lin Xu’ai , van der Veen Stijn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae establishes tight interactions with mucosal epithelia through activity of its type IV pilus, while pilus retraction forces activate autophagic responses toward invading gonococci. Here we studied pilus-independent epithelial cell responses and showed that pilus-negative gonococci residing in early and late endosomes are detected and targeted by nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1). NOD1 subsequently forms a complex with immunity-related guanosine triphosphatase M (IRGM) and autophagy-related 16–like 1 (ATG16L1) to activate autophagy and recruit microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) to the intracellular bacteria. IRGM furthermore directly recruits syntaxin 17 (STX17), which is able to form tethering complexes with the lysosome. Importantly, IRGM-STX17 interactions are enhanced by LC3 but were still observed at lower levels in an LC3 knockout cell line. These findings demonstrate key roles for NOD1 and IRGM in the sensing of intracellular N gonorrhoeae and subsequent directing of the bacterium to the lysosome for degradation.
Traumatic Stress, Social Work Education, Child Welfare, and Research
Authors: Pryce Josephine G , Shackelford Kimberly K , Pryce David H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Social Work Professionals Work With People Who Have Experienced trauma and victimization. The traumatic events may include the sexual or physical abuse of children, rape, domestic and familial abuse and violence, crime, genocide, and wars. And as recent events have shown, environmental and natural disasters such as floods, storms, and fires also result in trauma. McCann, Sakheim, and Abrahamson (1988) reviewed prevalence studies that indicate the world is full of human suffering. Child welfare practitioners intervene daily in situations in which children and adults are suffering from traumatic experiences. In many different client populations, workers encounter burns, broken bones, cuts, and bruises on people who have experienced powerful and potentially destructive emotions such as despair, terror, and feelings of worthlessness.
Group Development and Leadership
Authors: Walsh Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPsychoeducation programs are often provided in group formats. This practice is compatible with the goals of the modality because all intervention groups set out to provide members with education and new skills, behaviors, and ways of understanding themselves and their surroundings (Toseland & Rivas, 2006). All groups also attend to the interpersonal needs of members through mutual support and perhaps social learning (see exhibits 5.1 and 5.2). Although group interventions may feature a variety of theoretical perspectives, almost all groups can be provided in formats based on the cognitive, behavioral, and psychodynamic theories described in chapter 2. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of psychoeducational group development, leadership, and assessment. (Because this is a chapter on groups, the practitioner will be referred to as the leader.)
Schizophrenia
Authors: Walsh Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSchizophrenia was the first mental illness to become the subject of psychoeducational interventions on a widespread basis. It was first because the disorder is chronic, highly disabling, and caused by a yet-unknown nervous system pathology. It was once believed to be caused by pathological family systems. Early family theorists used such terms as emotional divorce (Bowen, 1960), communication deviance (Lynne, Cromwell, & Matthysse, 1978), the double-bind (Bateson, Jackson, Haley, & Weakland, 1956), and family schisms and skewes (Lidz, 1975) to describe problematic parent-child interactions that supposedly caused a child to withdraw into psychosis. When the biological theories of schizophrenia became prominent in the 1970s, family advocacy groups organized to provide mutual education and support programs. They often had antagonistic feelings toward mental health providers, whom they viewed as stigmatizing (Vine, 1982). This chapter reviews the mental disorder of schizophrenia and a range of psychoeducational programs that have been shown to be helpful to the client’s and his or her family’s adjustment to the disorder.
Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Walsh Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBipolar disorder is a disorder of mood in which, over time, a person experiences one or more manic episodes that are usually accompanied by one or more major depressive episodes (APA, 2000). Bipolar disorder is primarily a disorder of brain functioning and is both recurrent and chronic. Medication is always a major, and sometimes the only, intervention for this disorder because of its demonstrated effectiveness. Still, the medicalization of bipolar disorder has tended to obscure the fact that it has an uncertain etiology and psychosocial risk influences. Research has continued to support hypotheses that there are psychological and social, as well as biological, components to the onset and course of the disorder. The person at times seems normal but at other times behaves in bizarre, even psychotic, ways. Persons afflicted with the disorder benefit from understanding and learning to cope with it. Psychoeducation has become a primary intervention for persons with bipolar disorder and their significant others. What follows is an overview of the disorder and material that can be useful in educating persons with bipolar disorder and their significant others.