bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feather forensics: tracing the origins of parrots in wildlife trade with stable isotopes and citizen science
Authors: Hill K. G. W. , Delean S. , Hall T. , Tyler J. J. , Stringham O. C. , Cassey P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTo supply the high demand for wildlife as exotic pets, animals may be illegally and unsustainably harvested from the wild and laundered as captive bred. Consequently, there is considerable interest in wildlife forensic tools that are capable of verifying captive origins. Stable isotope analysis is an emerging tool for verifying captive and wild origins by identifying key differences in dietary intake. While previous studies have effectively classified origins by differences in their stable isotope ratios, these studies are often limited to species with small population sizes and geographic ranges, masking potential variation caused by different environments and diets. We tested the accuracy of stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analyses to verify captive and wild origins using bird species that are common in pet trade, and have widespread distributions and generalist diets. Through a citizen science project in South Australia, we collected naturally dropped feathers from four native Australian cockatoo (Cacatuidae) species: Galahs (Eolophus roseicapilla); and three Cacatua species; sulphur‐crested cockatoos (Cacatua galerita), little corellas (C. sanguinea) and long‐billed Corellas (C. tenuirostris). We compared isotope ratios of captive and wild birds and calculated the classification accuracy of using stable isotopes to determine origin. Stable isotope values were significantly different between captive and wild adult birds, where captive birds had significantly higher δ13C and δ15N than wild birds. Captive and wild origins of individual Eolophus could be classified with relatively high accuracy (88%). However, Cacatua showed low repeatability and large overlaps between the origin groups, which reduced their classification accuracy (74%). Stable isotope analysis can be a potential classification tool in wildlife trade; however, before on‐ground implementation, we recommend that variation from different diets across a species' geographical range be more thoroughly investigated to better understand and explain the full range of possible δ13C and δ15N values.
Flotillins in membrane trafficking and physiopathology
Authors: Bodin Stéphane , Elhabashy Hadeer , Macdonald Ewan , Winter Dominic , Gauthier‐Rouvière Cécile 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFlotillin 1 and 2 are highly conserved and homologous members of the stomatin, prohibitin, flotillin, HflK/C (SPFH) family. These ubiquitous proteins assemble into hetero‐oligomers at the cytoplasmic membrane in sphingolipid‐enriched domains. Flotillins play crucial roles in various cellular processes, likely by concentrating sphingosine. They primarily act as scaffolding protein complexes within membrane microdomains (also called lipid rafts) and induce endocytosis and trafficking. Their diverse cargos in the upregulated flotillin–induced trafficking (UFIT) pathway, including tyrosine kinase receptors, adhesion molecules, and neurotransmitter receptors, link them to a wide range of cellular processes and diseases. Consequently, flotillin upregulation has been associated with various pathological conditions such as cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Flotillins may also be co‐opted by pathogens to facilitate their entry and growth within host cells.In this review, we examined recent advancements in elucidating the structure and functions of the flotillin protein complex, including its implications in favoring the generation of sphingosine 1‐phosphate, an essential bioactive lipid. We emphasized how the recent cryo‐electron microscopy (cryo‐EM) structure of a truncated cone‐shaped cage composed of 22 copies of flotillin 1 and 2 subunits has enhanced our understanding of the flotillin complex organization within membrane microdomains and its role in membrane remodeling. We also explored how flotillin upregulation can perturb endosomal trafficking and contribute to various pathologies.A comprehensive understanding of flotillin oligomer organization and function is crucial to developing targeted therapies for diseases associated with flotillin overexpression.
SGK3 promotes estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer proliferation by activating STAT3/ZMIZ2 pathway to stabilise β‐catenin
Authors: Yuan Lie , Cai Yongqing , Wang Gang , Liu Xu , Chen Bo , Zhou Duanfang , Wu Yuanli , Qu Na , Li Xiaoli , Zhou Weiying 
Published: January 2025

Background and PurposeBreast cancer is a leading threat to women's health, with approximately 70% of cases being estrogen receptor‐positive. SGK3 is regulated by estrogen and is positively associated with estrogen receptor expression, although its molecular role remains unclear.Experimental ApproachProteomics was used to identify SGK3's downstream targets. Tissue microarray immunofluorescence evaluated SGK3 and ZMIZ2 expression in ER+ breast cancer. Lentiviral‐mediated knockdown and overexpression of SGK3 and/or ZMIZ2 assessed their effects on cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyzed p‐STAT3 binding to the ZMIZ2 promoter, and Co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) examined ZMIZ2‐β‐catenin interaction.Key ResultsSGK3 expression was elevated in breast tumour tissues correlating with reduced patient survival. Proteomic analysis identified ZMIZ2 as a downstream target of SGK3. Overexpression of SGK3 promoted the proliferation of estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer in MCF‐7 and T47D cells. Inhibition had the opposite effects. ZMIZ2 overexpression rescued the proliferation deficit in SGK3 knockdown cells. ZMIZ2 was found to bind and stabilises β‐catenin. Knockdown of SGK3 led to β‐catenin degradation via polyubiquitination, a process reversed by ZMIZ2 overexpression. STAT3 was identified as a downstream effector of SGK3 and its knockdown reduced cytoplasmic and nuclear p‐STAT3 and STAT3, and inhibited ZMIZ2 and β‐catenin expression. Celastrol suppressed estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting the SGK3/STAT3/ZMIZ2/β‐catenin pathway.Conclusions and ImplicationsSGK3 expression is associated with poorer survival rates, thus SGK3 is a potential therapeutic target. As celastrol can inhibit SGK3 expression it could be an effective therapeutic agent.
Supervised Toothbrushing Programmes: Understanding Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation
Authors: Gray‐Burrows Kara A. , El‐Yousfi Sarab , Hudson Kristian , Watt Samantha , Lloyd Ellen , El Shuwihdi Hanin , Broomhead Tom , Day Peter F. , Marshman Zoe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesSupervised toothbrushing programmes (STPs), whereby children brush their teeth at nursery or school with a fluoride toothpaste under staff supervision, are a clinically and cost‐effective intervention to reduce dental caries. However, uptake is varied, and the reasons unknown. The aim was to use an implementation science approach to explore the perspectives of key stakeholders on the barriers and facilitators at each level of implementation of STPs.MethodsThis qualitative study involved individual interviews and focus groups with a purposive sample of stakeholders involved at all levels of implementation of STPs: (1) policymakers; (2) providers of STPs; (3) nursery/school staff; (4) parents/carers; and (5) children (aged 2‐6 years old) across England. Data collection and analysis were guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).ResultsA total of 159 stakeholders were interviewed (40 individual interviews and 17 focus groups) across all levels of implementation. Barriers and facilitators to STP implementation were identified across 35 of the 39 CFIR constructs. Four themes were identified that determined STP implementation: (1) acceptability of STPs; (2) external ‘make or break’ conditions; (3) the importance of engagement across the system; and (4) desire for centralised support.ConclusionsThis is the first study to qualitatively explore the barriers and facilitators to STP at all levels of implementation underpinned by an implementation science framework. The findings have strong implications for policymakers who wish to implement STPs, highlighting the need for careful consideration of the adaptability of the programmes, the role of formal and informal engagement systems, and the need for centralised support. This work has facilitated the co‐design and piloting of a supervised toothbrushing implementation toolkit, which provides a central hub of resources and good practice to optimise implementation of STPs at scale.
Iron Overload, Oxidative Stress, and Somatic Mutations in MDS: What Is the Association?
Authors: Leitch Heather A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionIron overload (IOL) accumulates in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) from expanded erythropoiesis and transfusions. Somatic mutations (SM) are frequent in MDS and stratify patient risk. MDS treatments reversing or limiting transfusion dependence are limited.MethodsThe literature was reviewed on how IOL and oxidative stress interact with specific SM in MDS to influence cellular physiology. PubMed searches included keywords of each specific mutation combined with iron, oxidative stress, and reactive oxygens species (ROS). Papers relevant to hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, the bone marrow microenvironment, MDS, AML or other myeloid disorders were preferred. Included were the most frequent SM in MDS, SM of the International Prognostic Scoring System‐Molecular (IPSS‐M), of familial predisposing conditions and the CMML PSS‐molecular.ResultsAbout 31 SM plus four familial conditions were searched. Discussed are the frequency of each SM, whether function is gained or lost, early or late SM status, a function of the unmutated gene, and function considering iron and oxidative stress.DiscussionGiven limited effective MDS therapies, considering how IOL and ROS interact with SM to influence cellular physiology in the hematopoietic system, increasing bone marrow failure progression or malignant transformation may be of benefit and support optimization of measures to reduce IOL or neutralize ROS.
Evaluation of the Effect of Aeration Tubes and Holes on Soil Gas Exchange Using a Simulation Model
Authors: Weltecke Katharina , Löwe Oliver , Gaertig Thorsten 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA prevalent strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of soil compaction or sealing on urban trees involves installing aeration tubes, aeration holes or near surface aeration horizons to enhance gas exchange between the soil air and the atmosphere. Despite their widespread use, there is currently no scientific evidence confirming their effectiveness. In this study, gas exchange between the atmosphere and soils that were aerated using different methods was modelled and evaluated in the laboratory and in the field. Both the laboratory and field measurements could be modelled well with the simulation model. The research showed that the effectiveness of aeration tubes and holes is highly dependent on the air‐filled porosity of the soil. The more gas exchange can take place via the soil pores, the lesser the influence of the aeration equipment. Thus, the use of aeration tubes is not necessary when using tree substrates in unsealed tree pits but could mitigate disturbances in soil aeration in compacted and fine‐grained soils with low air capacity. However, modelling shows that the effect of aeration tubes and holes is less than expected and that near‐surface aeration layers are generally more effective than vertical aeration systems. With the help of the modelling of gas exchange as presented here, it is possible to optimise the level of aeration of the soil depending on the existing degree of compaction and/or the planned surface sealing.
Geographical Variation in Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Ratios and Feeding Habits of Japanese Jack Mackerel (Trachurus japonicus)
Authors: Enomoto Megumi , Ohshimo Seiji , Ito Shin‐ichi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTJapanese jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) is subject to substantial and escalating commercial harvesting activities, yet its habitat structure is poorly understood. We analyzed the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) of this species to evaluate geographical fluctuations in these ratios, allowing a delineation of the jack mackerel feeding habits. Fish specimens were collected across the East China Sea (ECS) and Sea of Japan (JS), and isotopic data were retrieved from two previous studies. Six subareas were considered: the southern, central, and northern ECS; Tsushima Strait; and eastern and western JS. The residuals of isotope ratios predicted from fork length showed significant geographical variation in the ratios (a lower δ13C in the JS than in the ECS and Tsushima Strait; a lower δ15N in the eastern JS and southern ECS than in other areas). Comparisons of stable isotope ratios between jack mackerel and prey candidates also revealed geographical differences in potential prey selection. The potential prey was identified as anchovy larvae and larger Copepoda in the western and eastern JS, respectively, whereas various prey species contributed to the diet in the other areas. Both δ13C and δ15N increased with fork length, suggesting ontogenetic changes in foraging habitat, associated with habit shifts into demersal layers of jack mackerel during their growth. Collectively, our results suggest that stable isotope ratio values—and consequently, the feeding habits—of jack mackerel differed between the ECS and JS but that they possess a limited migration range after an ontogenetic shift to demersal layers.
Interobserver agreement and practice patterns for grading of colorectal carcinoma: World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours 5th edition versus American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition staging manual
Authors: Karamchandani Dipti M , Gonzalez Raul S , Lee Hwajeong , Westerhoff Maria , Cox Brian , Pai Rish K 
Published: January 2025

AimsThe current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging manual and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) colorectal carcinoma (CRC) protocol specify use of a four‐tiered grading system (i.e. grades 1–4; well‐differentiated–undifferentiated) for CRC, based on percentage of gland formation. The World Health Organization (WHO) 5th edition grades CRC into low‐grade (well‐ and moderately differentiated) and high‐grade (poorly and undifferentiated), based on the least differentiated component. We studied interobserver agreement and practice patterns among pathologists when grading CRC by these two grading systems.Methods and resultsFive gastrointestinal pathologists reviewed 100 scanned CRC slides and graded the tumour on each slide, per provided criteria in (a) WHO 5th edition book, (b) AJCC manual/CAP CRC protocol and (c) their clinical practice. A questionnaire for grading selected CRC subtypes was also provided. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's χ2 test and Fleiss multi‐rater kappa analyses. Overall, agreement among the five reviewers when grading via WHO and AJCC criteria for low‐grade and high‐grade CRC was moderate (κ = 0.568, P < 0.001) and good (κ = 0.611, P < 0.001), respectively. All reviewers graded significantly more tumours as high‐grade when using WHO (median = 46) versus AJCC/CAP criteria (median = 20).ConclusionsInterobserver agreement was higher using the AJCC grading criteria as a two‐tiered system. Significantly more tumours were called high‐grade using the WHO criteria. This raises concerns regarding upgrading tumours, as well as potential differences in grading tumours among pathologists worldwide, based on regional preferred grading systems. Synchronisation of these two grading systems is necessary for uniform grading of CRCs throughout institutions.
Innate Immunity Never “NODs” Off: NLRs Regulate the Host Anti‐Viral Immune Response
Authors: Woolls Mackenzie K. , Mott Madeline D. , Poole Cassandra S. , Gregory Julia A. , Ivester Hannah M. , Allen Irving Coy 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA robust innate immune response is essential in combating viral pathogens. However, it is equally critical to quell overzealous immune signaling to limit collateral damage and enable inflammation resolution. Pattern recognition receptors are critical regulators of these processes. The cytosolic nucleotide‐binding domain leucine‐rich repeat (NLR; NOD‐like receptor) family of pattern recognition receptors plays essential roles in the sensing of viral pathogen‐associated molecular patterns and is best characterized for itsr pro‐inflammatory biological functions. Specifically, these include the formation of multi‐protein complexes, defined as inflammasomes or NODosomes that regulate the production of IL‐1beta, IL‐18, and pyroptosis, or the induction of NF‐ΚB signaling. While these biological effects are inherently pro‐inflammatory, it is also important to recognize that other NLR family members conversely function to negatively regulate inflammation through modulating signaling initiated by other families of pattern recognition receptors. Mechanistically, these unique NLRs also form multiprotein complexes that act to attenuate a variety of biological signaling pathways, such as the inhibition of NF‐ΚB. This inhibition facilitates inflammation resolution and functions to restore cellular homeostasis. Despite extensive characterization of individual NLR family members, the mechanisms of immune system regulation are highly nuanced and remain enigmatic. This is especially true for non‐inflammasome‐forming, regulatory NLRs. Here, we discuss recent findings associated with NLR family members that play essential roles in the host immune response to viruses and mechanisms by which these pattern recognition receptors may function to regulate antiviral immunity.
Behavior of the dielectric and pyroelectric responses of ferroelectric fine‐grained ceramics
Authors: Pylypchuk Oleksandr S. , Ivanchenko Serhii E. , Yelisieiev Mykola Y. , Nikolenko Andrii S. , Styopkin Victor I. , Pokhylko Bohdan , Kushnir Vladyslav , Stetsenko Denis O. , Bereznykov Oleksii , Leschenko Oksana V. , Eliseev Eugene A. , Poroshin Vladimir N. , Morozovsky Nicholas V. , Vainberg Victor V. , Morozovska Anna N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe demonstrated the correlations between the specific temperature behavior of the colossal dielectric permittivity, unusual electro‐transport characteristics, and frequency dependences of the pyroelectric response of the fine‐grained ceramics prepared by the spark plasma sintering of the ferroelectric BaTiO3 nanoparticles. The temperature dependences of the electro‐resistivity indicate the frequency‐dependent transition in the electro‐transport mechanisms between the lower and higher conductivity states accompanied by the maximum in temperature dependence of the loss angle tangent. The pyroelectric thermal wave probing revealed the existence of the spatially inhomogeneous counter‐polarized ferroelectric states at the opposite surfaces of the ceramic sample. We described the temperature behavior of the colossal dielectric response and losses using the core−shell model for ceramic grains, effective medium approximation, and Maxwell−Wagner approach.
Association of Pulse Prssure Index With Mortality in Patients With Hypertension: Results From NHANES 1999–2018
Authors: Jin Hongjin , Fang Shusheng , An Shuo , Ding Yanchun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTVascular compliance is an important predictor of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Pulse pressure index (PPI) is a reliable indicator for evaluating vascular compliance. However, the association between PPI, all‐cause mortality (ACM), and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in patients with hypertension is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of PPI with ACM and CVM in patients with hypertension. Kaplan–Meier survival curves, Cox proportional hazards regression models, restricted cubic splines, and subgroup and interaction analyses were used to investigate the association of PPI with ACM and CVM. U‐shaped associations were observed between PPI and both ACM and CVM, and the inflection points for ACM and CVM were at PPI values of 0.327 and 0.363, respectively. Time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curves indicated that PPI showed good predictive value for both ACM and CVM occurrence at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years, and its predictive value was higher than PP for ACM and CVM at 5 and 10 years. These results showed that PPI can be used to identify patients with hypertension who are at a high risk of mortality and can guide more aggressive anti‐hypertensive treatment strategies. Moreover, these findings demonstrate that PPI is a superior vascular compliance indicator than PP.
AQP3 Influences Unexplained Recurrent Abortion by Regulating Trophoblast Cell Migration and Invasion via the METTL14/IGF2BP1/AQP3/PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Nong Yingqi , Zhai Qiyi , Liu Wenjuan , Wei Jiahui , Wang Zhaoyi , Lv Xiaoyin , Li Zitao , Zhang Xiqian , Liu Fenghua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTReduced trophoblast migration and invasion contribute to unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA). Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) plays a crucial role in facilitating trophoblast migration and invasion during early pregnancy through fetal‐maternal crosstalk. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the mechanism involving AQP3 and its modulatory effects on human extravillous trophoblast (HTR‐8/SVneo cells) migration and invasion. AQP3 and IGF2BP1 expression was analysed using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The AQP3‐associated molecular mechanisms were explored using western blot, meRIP, RNA stability assays and RNA‐protein pull‐down experiments. Furthermore, the role of IGF2BP1 in HTR‐8/SVneo cells was assessed using transwell assays. AQP3 and IGF2BP1 expression was lower in the chorionic villi samples of the URSA group than in those of the control group. AQP3 was involved in regulating the activation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Additionally, METTL14 interacted with AQP3 mRNA, thereby influencing its stability. Furthermore, AQP3 mRNA bound to the IGF2BP1 protein, and IGF2BP1 knockdown resulted in reduced AQP3 mRNA stability and impaired trophoblast migration and invasion. METTL14 and IGF2BP1 stabilise AQP3 mRNA expression by mediating m6A, thereby facilitating HTR‐8/SVneo cell migration and invasion via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Targeting AQP3 could potentially contribute to strategies aimed at mitigating URSA development.