bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EEG Responses to Upper Limb Pinprick Stimulation in Acute and Early Subacute Motor and Sensorimotor Stroke: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Tedesco Triccas Lisa , Van Hoornweder Sybren , Camilleri Tracy , Boccuni Leonardo , Peeters Andre , Van Pesch Vincent , Meesen Raf , Mantini Dante , Camilleri Kenneth , Verheyden Geert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) during pinprick stimulation has the potential to unveil neural mechanisms underlying sensorimotor impairments post-stroke. A proof-of-concept study explored event-related peak pinprick amplitude and oscillatory responses in healthy controls and in people with acute and subuacute motor and sensorimotor stroke, their relationship, and to what extent EEG somatosensory responses can predict sensorimotor impairment. In this study, 26 individuals participated, 10 people with an acute and early subacute sensorimotor stroke, 6 people with an acute and early subacute motor stroke, and 10 age-matched controls. Pinpricks were applied to the dorsa of the impaired hand to collect somatosensory evoked potentials. Time(-frequency) analyses of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) data at electrodes C3 and C4 explored peak pinprick amplitude and oscillatory responses across the three groups. Also, in stroke, (sensori-)motor impairments were assessed with the Fugl Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity (FMA) and Erasmus modified Nottingham Sensory Assessment (EmNSA) at baseline and 7 to 14 days later. Mixed model analyses were used to address objectives. It was demonstrated that increased beta desynchronization magnitude correlated with milder motor impairments (R
2
adjusted = 0.213), whereas increased beta resynchronization and delta power were associated to milder somatosensory impairment (R
2
adjusted = 0.550). At the second session, larger peak-to-peak SEP amplitude and beta band resynchronization at baseline were related to greater improvements in EMNSA and FMA scores, respectively, in the sensorimotor stroke group. These findings highlight the potential of EEG combined with somatosensory stimuli to differentiate between sensorimotor and motor impairments in stroke, offering preliminary insights into both diagnostic and prognostic aspects of upper limb recovery.
Can We Trust Artificial Intelligence?
Authors: Budnik Christian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In view of the dramatic advancements in the development of artificial intelligence technology in recent years, it has become a commonplace to demand that AI systems be trustworthy. This view presupposes that it is possible to trust AI technology in the first place. The aim of this paper is to challenge this view. In order to do that, it is argued that the philosophy of trust really revolves around the problem of how to square the epistemic and the normative dimensions of trust. Given this double nature of trust it is possible to extract a threefold challenge to the defenders of the possibility of AI trust without presupposing any particular trust theory. They have to show (1) how trust in AI systems is more than mere reliance; (2) how AI systems can become objects of normative expectations; and (3) how the resulting attitude gives human agents reassurance in their interactions with AI systems. In order to demonstrate how difficult this task is, the threefold challenge is then applied to two recent accounts that defend the possibility of trust in AI systems. By way of conclusion it is suggested that instead of trusting AI systems, we should strive to make them reliable.
Impact of adherence to quality indicators and effects of targeted treatment with cefazolin or flucloxacillin on in-hospital mortality in patients with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bloodstream infections: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Kalbitz Sven , Marx Kathrin , Kellner Nils , Glas Annette , Fedders Maike , Lübbert Christoph 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To analyze the associations between adherence to quality indicators (QIs) in the treatment of bloodstream infections caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus (S.) aureus (MSSA) and in-hospital mortality.

Methods
A retrospective observational study was conducted in patients admitted between 2019 and 2023 to Hospital St. Georg in Leipzig, Germany, with at least one positive blood culture for S. aureus. Ten QIs were categorized into four groups based on blood culture results, echocardiography, antibiotic treatment, and other parameters such as infectious disease (ID) specialist consultation. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to compare in-hospital mortality between MSSA patients treated with flucloxacillin and those treated with cefazolin. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determine risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality.

Results
Of the 637 patients with S. aureus bloodstream infections, 495 patients with MSSA infection (77.8%) were included in the study. After the introduction of mandatory ID consultation in 2020, the median QI score increased to 9 out of a maximum of 10 points and was significantly higher in surviving cases than in fatal cases in subsequent years. There was a non-significant decrease in in-hospital mortality from 2019 (28.8%) to 2023 (22.7%) (p = 0.432). Based on PS matching, cefazolin had a favorable hazard ratio of 0.44 (95% CI 0.28–0.71; p < 0.001) for in-hospital mortality. The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a significantly higher survival rate in patients who received QI-based management, including transesophageal echocardiography and antibiotic therapy initiated within 24 h.

Conclusions
ID consultation is associated with better adherence to quality improvement measures. Targeted MSSA therapy with cefazolin, early initiation of antibiotic therapy, and adherence to antimicrobial treatment protocols increased survival rates in our study setting.
An additive-noise approximation to Keller–Segel–Dean–Kawasaki dynamics: local well-posedness of paracontrolled solutions
Authors: Martini Adrian , Mayorcas Avi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using the method of paracontrolled distributions, we show the local well-posedness of an additive-noise approximation to the fluctuating hydrodynamics of the Keller–Segel model on the two-dimensional torus. Our approximation is a non-linear, non-local, parabolic-elliptic stochastic PDE with an irregular, heterogeneous space-time noise. As a consequence of the irregularity and heterogeneity, solutions to this equation must be renormalised by a sequence of diverging fields. Using the symmetry of the elliptic Green’s function, which appears in our non-local term, we establish that the renormalisation diverges at most logarithmically, an improvement over the linear divergence one would expect by power counting. Similar cancellations also serve to reduce the number of diverging counterterms.
A novel harmonic resonance prevention measure for railway power conditioner–network–train interaction system
Authors: Xie Shaofeng , Zhong Fan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The integration of a large number of power electronic converters, such as railway power conditioner (RPC), introduces a series of problems, including harmonic interaction, stability issues, and wideband resonance, into the railway power supply system. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel harmonic resonance prevention measure for RPC–network–train interaction system. Firstly, a harmonic model, a parallel resonance impedance model, a series resonance admittance model, and a control stability model are each established for the RPC–network–train interaction system. Secondly, a comprehensive resonance impact factor (CRIF) is proposed to efficiently and accurately identify the key components affecting resonance, and to provide the selection results of optimization parameters for resonance prevention. Next, the initially selected parameters are constrained by the requirements of ripple current, reactive power and stability. Subsequently, the impedance parameters (control parameters and filter parameters) of the RPC are optimized with the objective of reshaping the parallel resonance impedance and series resonance admittance of the RPC–network–train interaction system, ensuring the output current harmonics of RPC meet standards to achieve resonance prevention, while ensuring the stable operation of the RPC. Finally, the proposed resonance prevention measure is verified under both light load and heavy load conditions using a simulation platform and a hardware-in-the-loop experimental platform.
Trust me, I’m a Doctor: Strategies for Combating Imposter Feelings Among Physicians and Medical Students
Authors: Rampersad Krystal , Salfarlie Rachqueda , Herry Arlette , Montalbano Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Imposter phenomenon, characterized by persistent self-doubt and a fear of being exposed as a fraud, has become increasingly recognized within the last decade. Recent studies show that imposter phenomenon is widespread within the medical community, yet there exists no consensus framework or model to understand and assist those experiencing the phenomenon. This article aims to provide a practical guideline for managing imposter phenomenon in physicians and medical students at all levels. We propose that the use of specific strategies designed to support medical professionals can aid in recognizing, confronting, and overcoming imposter feelings.
Self-Directed Learning for Histopathology Using a Survey-Based Approach and Development of an Identification Key
Authors: Simmer Femke , Vink-Börger Elisa , Nagtegaal Iris D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For the classification of colorectal polyps, we implemented an approach in which students are encouraged to use their imagination. First, students received surveys with histological pictures via an online tool, had to create associations for the observed tissue structures, and use these in an identification key. Subsequently, an interactive lecture linked their descriptions to correct terminology, followed by an exam. Participation in the surveys varied between 69 and 100%. All students took the exam, with a 73% pass rate. Feedback from 62 students (84%) was positive, highlighting the method’s effectiveness, making our approach successful, and a blueprint for future educational innovations.
Ultrasensitive Chemiresistive Gas Sensors Based on Dual-Mesoporous Zinc Stannate Composites for Room Temperature Rice Quality Monitoring
Authors: Xu Jinyong , Fan Xuxiong , Xu Kaichun , Wu Kaidi , Liao Hanlin , Zhang Chao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The integration of dual-mesoporous structures, the construction of heterojunctions, and the incorporation of highly concentrated oxygen vacancies are pivotal for advancing metal oxide-based gas sensors. Nonetheless, achieving an optimal design that simultaneously combines mesoporous structures, precise heterojunction modulation, and controlled oxygen vacancies through a one-step process remains challenging. This study proposes an innovative method for fabricating zinc stannate semiconductors featuring dual-mesoporous structures and tunable oxygen vacancies via a direct solution precursor plasma spray technique. As a proof of concept, the resulting zinc stannate-based coatings are applied to detect 2-undecanone, a key biomarker for rice aging. Remarkably, the zinc oxide/zinc stannate heterojunctions with a well-defined secondary pore structure exhibit exceptional gas-sensing performance for 2-undecanone at room temperature. Furthermore, practical experiments indicate that the developed sensor effectively identifies adulteration in various rice varieties. These results underscore the potential of this method for designing metal oxides with tailored properties for high-performance gas sensors. The enhanced adsorption capacity and dual-mesoporous features of this semiconductor make it a promising candidate for sensing applications in agricultural food safety inspections.
Dimensionality and Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire Short Form (CPCQ-12): Is PsyCap a Single-Factor, Four-Factor, Higher-Order, or Bifactor Construct?
Authors: Ho Henry C. Y. , Chan Ying Chuen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Psychological capital (PsyCap) is a personal resource that enables employees to persevere in pursuing goals, display confidence, recover from setbacks, and maintain positive outlooks. The Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) is the standard measure for assessing PsyCap, and its short form (PCQ-12) has gained popularity. However, limited evidence exists regarding the validity and reliability of the PCQ-12, resulting in inconsistencies among studies concerning its factor structure. This is particularly notable for the Chinese version, where extensive research has been conducted without thorough investigation into its psychometric properties. This study investigated the dimensionality and psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (CPCQ-12) using a diverse working sample (n = 991) from various occupations and industries in Hong Kong, China. The results revealed that the bifactor CFA model, comprising a general PsyCap factor and four specific factors (i.e., hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism), demonstrated superior fit compared to the single-factor, four-factor, and higher-order models. Strong measurement invariance was observed across occupations. Evidence supporting reliability and criterion-related validity was also obtained. However, item 8 did not load significantly on its resilience factor, suggesting that this item should be excluded if the resilience subscale is used. These findings suggest that the CPCQ-12 is a valid and reliable measure of PsyCap for Chinese working populations, while also highlighting the need for conceptual, item-level, and statistical refinements.
Physically cross-linked cellulose nanofiber (LCNF/CNF) hydrogels: impact of the composition on mechanical and swelling properties
Authors: Baraka Farida , Morales Amaia , Velazco-Cabral Ivan , Rivilla Iván , Labidi Jalel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) are highly regarded for their ability to significantly enhance the rigidity of formed structures. When integrated into cellulose nanofiber (CNF) hydrogels, they hold substantial promise in augmenting mechanical strength, as well as improving adsorption capacity. Herein, the preparation of hydrogels from an aqueous suspension of CNFs and LCNFs extracted from eucalyptus cellulose pulp through a homogenization process is outlined. Suspensions of different concentrations were prepared to assess the influence of lignin and nanofiber content on the properties of the hydrogels. The hydrogels cellulose nanofibers (HCNF) and lignocellulose nanofibers (HLCNF) were formed through a freeze–thaw process, revealing an enhancement in rigidity with increasing nanofiber concentration. DFT (density functional theory) calculations illustrated the cross-linking mechanism between cellulose chains induced by the crystallization of water molecules, thus, corroborating the postulated hydrogel formation mechanism. Microstructural analysis revealed honeycomb-shaped matrices in longitudinal sections, with HLCNF hydrogels presenting less smooth walls. Studies on water adsorption capacity showed rapid swelling in both hydrogels, correlated with the nanofiber content reaching 8750% and 5500% for HLCNF and HCNF, respectively. HLCNF hydrogels exhibited higher adsorption capacity due to the influence of lignin on cross-linking rates. Mechanical compression tests demonstrated exceptional resilience in all hydrogels. Despite having a lower cross-linking density compared to hydrogels made from 2 wt.% cellulose nanofibers, hydrogels composed of 2 wt.% lignocellulose nanofibers exhibited a Young’s modulus of 2.83 kPa. This underscores the superior mechanical properties of lignin-based hydrogels, highlighting the effect of lignin on the hydrogel matrix.
Emerging strategies to improve heat stress tolerance in crops
Authors: Xiong Jiawei , Wang Hao , Zhong Zhaohui , Li Shigui , Qin Peng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The heat stress (HS) response in plants involves complex processes at the molecular, cellular, and whole-organism levels. Sensitivity to HS differs based on the species and developmental stage of the plant, making it challenging to define HS and its impacts. Efforts to enhance HS tolerance by traditional breeding are constrained by limited genetic resources, but understanding the mechanisms that regulate HS responses can enable efforts to improve heat tolerance by precision breeding and gene editing. Here, we review recent research on the effects of HS on major cereal crops at different developmental stages and identify key genes potentially involved in the HS response, offering insight for precision molecular breeding. Additionally, we discuss the use of favorable natural variants and gene editing to improve crop tolerance to HS, emphasizing the value of alleles involved in thermomemory, combined stress tolerance, and the stress response–growth balance. This review aims to summarize recent advancements in understanding HS responses in crops, highlighting potential avenues for generating heat-tolerant crops.
Efficient adsorption and reduction of Au(III) to gold particles using cost-effective chitosan functionalized cellulose nanofiber
Authors: Wang Yao , Qiu Muqing , Tay Chia Chay , Liu Zhixin , Wang Wei , Hu Baowei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Precious metal demand was rising dramatically along with the growth of contemporary industry. However, the discharge of gold ions wastewater had caused environmental pollution and shortage of resources. Herein, using dialdehyde cellulose nanofiber (DACNF) as a cross-linking agent to immobilize chitosan (CS) was used to recover Au(III) from wastewater. The physicochemical characterization of the as-prepared adsorbents was performed by characterization methods. To investigate the adsorption performance of DACNF-CS for Au(III), a thorough investigation was conducted into the effects of pH, temperature, adsorption period, and starting concentration. The outcomes demonstrated that the adsorption process could be well described by the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, and the maximum adsorption capacity of DACNF-CS for Au(III) reached approximately 65.5 mg/g. The characterization analysis conformed that the Au(III) was adsorbed by an adsorption-reduction process. In order to facilitate the reduction of Au(III) to Au(0), Au(III) was first adsorbed on -NH2 groups by electrostatic attraction and chelation, which supplied an electron acceptor for the -OH groups. DACNF-CS was therefore a good option for recovering Au(III) from aqueous solutions because of its high efficiency, ease of production, and environmental friendliness.

Graphical Abstract
Numerical and theoretical investigation of helicopter ditching for variations in initial velocity and pitching angle
Authors: Lu Y. , Wang M. , Zhi H. , Xiao T. , Chen J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The dynamic behaviour of helicopter during water impact, considering variations in initial downward velocity and pitching angle, have been investigated numerically and theoretically in the present study. The air-water two-phase flows are simulated by solving unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations enclosed by standard

$k - \omega $

turbulence model. A treatment for computational domain in combination with a global dynamic mesh technique is applied to deal with the relative motion between the helicopter and water. Results indicate that the initial downward velocity of helicopter exhibits behaviour similar to that of a V-shaped body impacting on water, as does the initial pitching angle. To extend the theoretical approach for predicting the kinematic parameters during helicopter ditching, a shape factor capturing the combined effect of various attributes and an average deadrise angle for asymmetric wedges are also introduced.
International economic relations and American support for antitrust policy
Authors: Brutger Ryan , Pond Amy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Antitrust policy aims to reduce market concentration and increase competition among firms. Contemporary antitrust is sensitive to both domestic and international considerations. Internationally, the market is dominated by the largest firms, raising questions about the competitiveness of domestic firms and the application of antitrust against foreign firms. Domestically, public support for antitrust is needed for continued enforcement. This paper examines how international markets shape public support for antitrust in the United States. Using media analysis, we find that antitrust is increasingly in the news, and that international competition is referenced in antitrust debates. We theorize that support for antitrust is shaped by concerns for the competitiveness of domestic firms, relative to foreign competition, and that these concerns vary based on individuals’ levels of nationalism. We test our theory using a survey experiment and find that individuals are especially concerned with being placed at a disadvantage relative to foreign competitors. Interestingly, we find that using antitrust laws against foreign firms yields divergent reactions—highly nationalistic Americans increase their support for strong antitrust laws, while those with low levels of nationalism decrease support. The paper highlights the importance of global competition in shaping preferences for domestic regulation.
Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Can You See? Exploring the Tension Between Strategic Choices and Claimants’ Voices in Environmental Litigation in the EU
Authors: Dempsey Willis Reilly Anne 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper poses an important challenge to the growing trend of strategic environmental litigation in the EU: when making strategic choices about bringing, framing, and litigating claims, what becomes more important—being heard through strategically critical procedural choices or being true through ensuring that rights holders and the environment remain at the forefront of decision-making? There are many legal hurdles to bringing environmental claims and it is possible that the voice of the environment and those most adversely affected by its degradation is lost in the strategic legal decision-making. This study uses a small number unstructured scoping interviews with practitioners active in bringing litigation to the CJEU to inductively analyse voice and representation in strategic environmental litigation. This initial research indicates that there are areas which should be further explored. First, all of the practitioners brought up the issue of access to resources. This raises concerns about potential elitism. Second, practitioners highlighted that there are numerous strategic choices made during case selection and framing which could affect how voices are heard. Finally, practitioners felt strongly that admissibility rules have a negative impact on claimants’ voices. Challenges in legal standing and establishing individual harm or direct concern have an enormous impact on what claims are heard and how they are heard.