bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forest restoration decouple soil C:N:P stoichiometry but has little effects on microbial biodiversity globally
Authors: Han Ximei , Zhai Kaiyan , Liu Shengen , Chen Hongyang , He Yanghui , Du Zhenggang , Liu Ruiqiang , Liu Dingqin , Zhou Lingyan , Zhou Xuhui , Zhou Guiyao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionForest restoration is an effective way to promote ecosystem functions and mitigate climate change. However, how forest restoration affect soil C:N:P stoichiometry and microbial biodiversity, as well as their linkage across contrasting forest types globally remains largely illusive.Materials and MethodsHere we conducted a global meta‐analysis by synthesizing 121 published papers with 1649 observations to explore how forest restoration affect soil C:N:P stoichiometry and microbial biodiversity globally.ResultsForest restoration significantly increased soil total carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content, whereas having no significant impact on most microbial diversity indicator, except for an enhancement in bacterial operational taxonomic unit and fungal Simpson. Meanwhile, forest restoration effects on soil C:N:P stoichiometry varied with different forest types, with promoting more soil C and P in ectomycorrhizal than those in arbuscular mycorrhizal forests. Meanwhile, forest restoration induced changes in soil N and P were positively correlated with microbial Shannon index. More importantly, forest restoration effects on soil C:N:P stoichiometry and microbial biodiversity were regulated by climate factors such as mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation.ConclusionOur results highlight the crucial role of forest restoration in decoupling the biogeochemical cycles of C, N and P through changes in microbial biodiversity. Therefore, incorporating the decouple effects of forest restoration on soil C:N:P stoichiometry into Earth system models may improve predictions of climate–forest feedbacks in the Anthropocene.
Discovery of Small‐Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Progranulin‐Sortilin: An in‐silico Approach Using Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulations, and DFT Studies
Authors: Anand Aishwarya , Shah Ashish , Perumal Sathiaseelan , Jain Manav 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroduction: Reduction in progranulin (PGRN) have been associated with various neurodegenerative diseases. PGRN binds with high affinity to sortilin (SORT), a membrane transporter, resulting in its cellular uptake and eventual degradation in the lysosome. Inhibition of the SORT‐PGRN interaction has the potential to increase PGRN levels up to 2.5‐fold. Methodology: A virtual screening of curated CNS library of >47 K ligands was done with sortilin receptor (6X3L) through virtual screening workflow in Schrodinger suite. Co‐crystallised ligand was used as a positive control. Docking was done through HTVS, then SP and finally XP model followed by binding free energy calculations (MMGBSA). Based on the result analysis of molecular docking, binding free energy and interactions, docked complexes were chosen for molecular dynamics (MD) studies. DFT studies and MEP plotting were carried out for the screened ligands. Drug likeliness and ADMET studies were also carried out. Results: The virtual screening workflow yielded 139 ligands. Two test ligands and a control were selected and further evaluated through molecular dynamics studies. Both the test ligands (1625 & 127) had comparative docking score (−5.96 & −6.46 kcal/mol) as that of control ligand (−6.21 kcal/mol respectively) and but better binding free energy (−54.66, −53.12 & −43.21 kcal/mol respectively). MD simulations confirmed the docking results for all the three ligands where our test ligand 1625 reached equilibrium quickly as compared to the rest. Our test compounds also showed favourable characteristics of a CNS acting drug and favourable ADMET properties. According to DFT studies, the test ligands 127 and 1625 had FMO (HOMO‐LUMO) energy gaps of 8.86 eV and 9.83 eV, respectively, that were lesser than the control ligand (9.89 eV). Additionally, FMO energy gap of the test ligands and the control ligand were in agreement with the results of docking. MEP diagram provided the picture of electron rich, neutral and electron deficient surface of the test ligands and that of the control with respective color code red, green and blue. Conclusion: Our study results showed a promising CNS specific ligand as an inhibitor of PRGN‐SORT interactions and has a potential to be developed as a drug through in‐vitro and in‐vivo studies.
Mapping Capillary Infiltration‐Induced Potential in Water‐Triggered Electric Generator Using an Electrical Probe Integrated Microscope
Authors: Yuan Xianrong , Bai Guilin , Wang Yanan , Zeng Xuelian , Shao Beibei , Wang Yusheng , Sun Baoquan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPower generation from water‐triggered capillary action in porous structures has recently geared extensive attention, offering the potential for generating electricity from ubiquitous water evaporation. However, conclusively establishing the nature of electrical generation and charge transfer is extremely challenging arising from the complicated aqueous solid–liquid interfacial phenomenon. Here, an electric probe‐integrated microscope is developed to on‐line monitor the correlation between water capillary action and potential values at any desired position of an active layer. With a probe spatial resolution reaching up to fifty micrometers, the internal factors prevailing over the potential distribution across the whole wet and dry regions are comprehensively identified. Further, the self‐powered sensing capabilities of this integrated system are also demonstrated, including real‐time monitoring of wind speed, environmental humidity, ionic strength, and inclination angle of generators. The combination of electric potential and chemical color indicator suggests that charge generation is likely correlated with ion‐selective transport in the nanoporous channel during the water infiltration process. And unipolar ions (for instance protons) should be the dominant charge‐transfer species. The work reveals the fundamental principles regulating charge generation/transfer during the water‐triggered electric generation process.
Ultra‐Thin Hydrogen‐Organic‐Framework (HOF) Nanosheets for Ultra‐Stable Alkali Ions Battery Storage
Authors: Tang Jialong , Yang Ruoxuan , Peng Yuting , Lin Hong , He Xin , Song Yingze , Wu Kaipeng , Kang Youngsoo , Yang Long 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrganic frameworks‐based batteries with excellent physicochemical stability and long‐term high capacity will definitely reduce the cost, carbon emissions, and metal consumption and contamination. Here, an ultra‐stable and ultra‐thin perylene‐dicyandiamide‐based hydrogen organic framework (HOF) nanosheet (P‐DCD) of ≈3.5 nm in thickness is developed. When applied in the cathode, the P‐DCD exhibits exceptional long‐term capacity retention for alkali‐ion batteries (AIBs). Strikingly, for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), at current of 2 A g−1, the large reversible capacity of 108 mA h g−1 shows no attenuation within 5 000 cycles. For sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), the related capacity retains 91.7% within 10 000 cycles compared to the initial state, significantly much more stable than conventional organic materials reported previously. Mechanism studies through ex situ and in situ experiments and theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the impressive long‐term performance retention originates from the large electron delocalization, fast ion diffusion, and physicochemical stability within the ultra‐thin 2D P‐DCD, featuring π‐π and hydrogen bonding stacking, nitrogen‐rich units, and low impedance. The advantageous features demonstrate that rationally designed stable and effective organic frameworks pave the way to utilizing complete organic materials for developing next‐generation low‐cost and highly stable energy storage batteries.
Organic Molecular Intercalation Enabled Anionic Redox Chemistry with Fast Kinetics for High Performance Magnesium Storage
Authors: Deng Rongrui , Wang Zhongting , Tan Shuangshuang , Lu Guanjie , Huang Xueting , Qu Baihua , Huang Guangsheng , Xu Chaohe , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Wang Jingfeng , Pan Fusheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRechargeable magnesium‐ion batteries possess desirable characteristics in large‐scale energy storage applications. However, severe polarization, sluggish kinetics and structural instability caused by high charge density Mg2+ hinder the development of high‐performance cathode materials. Herein, the anionic redox chemistry in VS4 is successfully activated by inducing cations reduction and introducing anionic vacancies via polyacrylonitrile (PAN) intercalation. Increased interlayer spacing and structural vacancies can promote the electrolyte ions migration and accelerate the reaction kinetics. Thanks to this “three birds with one stone” strategy, PAN intercalated VS4 exhibits an outstanding electrochemical performance: high discharge specific capacity of 187.2 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1 after stabilization and a long lifespan of 5000 cycles at 2 A g−1 are achieved, outperforming other reported VS4‐based materials to date for magnesium storage under the APC electrolyte. Theoretical calculations confirm that the intercalated PAN can indeed induce cations reduction and generate anionic vacancies by promoting electron transfer, which can accelerate the electrochemical reaction kinetics and activate the anionic redox chemistry, thus improving the magnesium storage performance. This approach of organic molecular intercalation represents a promising guideline for electrode material design on the development of advanced multivalent‐ion batteries.
In‐Plane Palladium and Interplanar Copper Dual Single‐Atom Catalyst in Bulk‐Like Carbon Nitride for Cascade CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Yue Xiaoyang , Cheng Lei , Guan Chen , Liao Yulong , Xu Zhihua , Ostrikov Kostya Ken , Xiang Quanjun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDual single‐atom catalysts (DSACs) are promising for breaking the scaling relationships and ensuring synergistic effects compared with conventional single‐atom catalysts (SACs). Nevertheless, precise synthesis and optimization of DSACs with specific locations and functions remain challenging. Herein, dual single‐atoms are specifically incorporated into the layer‐stacked bulk‐like carbon nitride, featuring in‐plane three‐coordinated Pd and interplanar four‐coordinated Cu (Pd1‐Cu1/b‐CN) atomic sites, from both experimental results and DFT simulations. Using femtosecond time‐resolved transient absorption (fs‐TA) spectroscopy, it is found that the in‐plane Pd features a charge decay lifetime of 95.6 ps which is much longer than that of the interplanar Cu (3.07 ps). This finding indicates that the in‐plane Pd can provide electrons for the reaction as the catalytically active site in both structurally and dynamically favorable manners. Such a well‐defined bi‐functional cascade system ensures a 3.47‐fold increase in CO yield compared to that of bulk‐like CN (b‐CN), while also exceeding the effects of single Pd1/b‐CN and Cu1/b‐CN sites. Furthermore, DFT calculations reveal that the inherent transformation from s–p coupling to d–p hybridization between the Pd site and CO2 molecule occurs during the initial CO2 adsorption and hydrogenation processes and stimulates the preferred CO2‐to‐CO reaction pathway.
Are menthol smokers different? An economic perspective
Authors: Cheng Yu‐Chun Elisa , Kenkel Don , Mathios Alan , Wang Hua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMore than 18.5 million current smokers in the United States usually smoke menthol cigarettes. The Food and Drug Administration recently proposed a tobacco product standard to prohibit menthol as a characterizing flavor in cigarettes. We explore whether there are internality‐based market failures that provide an applied welfare economics rationale to prohibit menthol. Our empirical approach provides descriptive evidence from the 2018 to 2019 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey on how menthol use is associated with smokers' market demand along multiple intensive and extensive margins. We also use measures of smoking‐related misinformation and internalities, and stated preference data, from a 2021 Cornell Online Survey. We acknowledge that the associations we document in observational data might reflect bias due to self‐selection into menthol use. We leave it to the reader whether there is convincing evidence that differential levels of internality‐based market failures are a sufficient justification for the proposed prohibition of menthol cigarettes.
Crossing boundaries between research and practitioner communities: The role of research use and cross‐community journal authorship
Authors: Taylor Joseph A. , Bowen G. Michael , Kubsch Marcus , Summers Ryan , Sezen‐Barrie Asli , Patrick Patricia , Lachapelle Cathy , Warfa AbdiRizak , Guzey S. Selcen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study pursued two major objectives. The first was to use bibliometric techniques to examine bidirectionality in the relationship between teachers and researchers, as indicated by collaborative authorship among these communities. The second was to explore more deeply knowledge mobilization to classrooms by documenting the extent to which research is cited in science education practitioner journals (SEPJ). Specifically, we examined: (a) the frequency of collaboration between researchers and practitioners in the writing of journal articles for both practitioner‐focused and academic journals in science education, and (b) the extent to which authors of articles in practitioner‐focused journals drew on academic research to support their advocacy for and/or description of science education programs, policies, or practices. Findings indicate that writing collaborations among academic researchers and practitioners are relatively infrequent, even on practitioner‐focused articles. Also, articles in SEPJs more often cite books and other resources over academic journals, even those academic journals focused on informing science education teaching and learning. Recommendations include providing open access to published research, development of research summaries for lay audiences, and incentivizing practitioners to engage in research and writing. This study explores only one mechanism by which knowledge can be mobilized to classrooms and only one type of dissemination product (i.e., journal articles) upon which researchers and practitioners can collaborate. Additional limitations are noted including the applicability of the findings only to the specific journals and timeframes analyzed.
Zeolite‐based polymer composite films for vegetables and fruits packaging: A review
Authors: Hosseinnia Mozhan , Alaee Reyhaneh , Tabarzadi Parisa , Masoumi Amirali , Farrokhzad Hasan , Poorkhalil Ali 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe deterioration of fruits during production, transportation, and storage has become one of the main challenges in supplying fruits based on consumer requirements. Therefore, the application of suitable packaging containing effective additives to improve the properties of the used film, is very important. In this article, the studies were conducted on the use of Zeolite as an effective additive to improve the properties of polymer packaging films owing to its high porosity and low toxicity. The results showed that the presence of zeolite in a packaging film can lead to the improvement of visual observation and firmness, reduction of weight loss and total soluble solids (TSS), and increase in the pH of the packed fruits. The results obtained from reviewing the literature show that the use of zeolite has different effects on the gas permeation or adsorption through the packaging films which can control the degradative parameters of fruits and vegetables. Surface modifiers can increase the efficiency of zeolites in packaging films which are also evaluated in this article.Highlights
Packaging of fruits with the use of polymer films and zeolite as an additive increases their shelf life.
Ethylene is a flammable gas with the formula C2H4 that accelerates the fruit ripening.
Zeolites are hydrated aluminosilicates of alkali or alkaline earth cations that are crystalline and microporous.
Zeolites are widely used in the packaging of polymeric composites, due to their chemical structure and unique characteristics.
The visual features, firmness, pH, TSS, TA, and weight loss are factors to be investigated for each fruit.
What Is Affirmative Consent?
Authors: Featherstone Lisa , Byrnes Cassandra , Maturi Jenny , Minto Kiara , Mickelburgh Renée , Donaghy Paige 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAffirmative consent was first articulated on college campuses in the United States in the 1990s. Affirmative consent demanded verbal, positive consent during each sexual encounter, and for each individual part of the sexual activity. Consent had to be meaningful and enthusiastic. While later interpretations would shift and change, and in many instances, non-verbal communication might count as affirmative consent, the model required active and positive participation from everyone during a sexual encounter. An absence of agreement—through silence or passivity—does not meet the standard of affirmative consent.This chapter outlines what affirmative consent was and is, how and why it developed, and why it has been widely imagined as a useful tool for navigating sexual encounters, and for preventing sexual violence. It charts what was initially a radical, alternative suggestion, to a concept that is now institutionalised in the mainstream. Just as importantly, it investigates the challenges of affirmative consent, in particular noting that power imbalances do not allow all people the freedom and bodily autonomy to assert consent. The chapter examines cases where affirmative consent cannot be freely given or denied, including situations where intimate partner violence occurs, or where other practices of coercion or powerlessness are in place. Finally, the chapter traces some of the recent legislative changes across Western cultures, which have enshrined affirmative consent in the law, despite the challenges of ensuring equal access to autonomy.
Communicating Consent in Schools and Online
Authors: Featherstone Lisa , Byrnes Cassandra , Maturi Jenny , Minto Kiara , Mickelburgh Renée , Donaghy Paige 
Published: November 2023

AbstractYoung women are retelling and reshaping stories of sexual assault and consent through testimonial accounts in the online space. In the wake of the global #metoo movement, women shared their stories both on and offline, as issues of sexual violence and consent education were forced onto national and international agendas. One of these online spaces was the Teach Us Consent website. Drawing on almost 3300 testimonies from the Australian Teach Us Consent website and the close reading of a random sample, this chapter considers the way these testimonies, which focus on breaches of sexual consent amongst high school students, reveal that future consent education programs must focus on the nuance and ambiguity within communication around consent and sexual interaction. Education about consent communication may involve acknowledging that which appears (initially at least) invisible or ambiguous. The Teach Us Consent website reveals discourse around consent does not necessarily support affirmative consent strategies such as the long-held mantras of “yes means yes” and “no means no” (Harris, Journal of Applied Communication Research, 46:158, 2018). Instead, the Teach Us Consent testimonies emphasise the complexities of consent, refusing to situate silence as a signal of acquiescence.
Conclusions About Consent
Authors: Featherstone Lisa , Byrnes Cassandra , Maturi Jenny , Minto Kiara , Mickelburgh Renée , Donaghy Paige 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter begins with an analysis of one of the most infamous pieces of sex education in recent memory: the Milkshake video, which attempts to explain the concept of consent to teenagers through the analogy of a milkshake. While a particularly awful, clumsy, and even offensive example, this well-funded campaign speaks to the broader problem of explaining consent to young people. It is all too easy to get it wrong. This chapter brings together ideas of consent and affirmative consent that are encapsulated across our work. It highlights the benefits and opportunities of an affirmative consent model and the rich potential for a positive and safe sexual landscape. It also outlines the risks and potential problems, which occur in both theory and practice. This does not, however, lead us to the conclusion that affirmative consent should be abandoned as a framework for thinking about improving issues of sexual violence. Instead, we suggest that we might simply need to think more boldly and more deeply about affirmative consent and the ways that it might be operationalised within our contemporary cultures.
A 4D IIB flux vacuum and supersymmetry breaking. Part II. Bosonic spectrum and stability
Authors: Mourad J. , Sagnotti A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We recently constructed type-IIB compactifications to four dimensions depending on a single additional coordinate, where a five-form flux Φ on an internal torus leads to a constant string coupling. Supersymmetry is fully broken when the internal manifold includes a finite interval of length ℓ, which is spanned by a conformal coordinate in a finite range 0 < z < zm. Here we examine the low-lying bosonic spectra and their classical stability, paying special attention to self-adjoint boundary conditions. Special boundary conditions result in the emergence of zero modes, which are determined exactly by first-order equations. The different sectors of the spectrum can be related to Schrödinger operators on a finite interval, characterized by pairs of real constants μ and $$ \overset{\sim }{\mu } $$

μ
~

, with μ equal to 1/3 or 2/3 in all cases and different values of $$ \overset{\sim }{\mu } $$

μ
~

. The potentials behave as $$ \frac{\mu^2-1/4}{z^2} $$

μ
2

−
1
/
4

z
2

and $$ \frac{{\overset{\sim }{\mu}}^2-1/4}{{\left({z}_m-z\right)}^2} $$

μ
~

2

−
1
/
4

z
m

−
z

2

near the ends and can be closely approximated by exactly solvable trigonometric ones. With vanishing internal momenta, one can thus identify a wide range of boundary conditions granting perturbative stability, despite the intricacies that emerge in some sectors. For the Kaluza-Klein excitations of non-singlet vectors and scalars the Schrödinger systems couple pairs of fields, and the stability regions, which depend on the background, widen as the ratio Φ/ℓ4 decreases.