bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing self‐esteem for vulnerable young women: A case study of entrepreneurship training for vulnerable young women in Thailand
Authors: Chalayonnavin Auschala 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDisadvantaged young people who have experienced violence often have low self‐esteem due to the difficult circumstances to which they are exposed. Abuse, bullying and other forms of mistreatment have a permanent impact on their sense of self‐worth, generating negative emotions and self‐protective behaviour in order to shield themselves from further harm. As a result, these young people may struggle to maintain their self‐esteem in the context of the challenges they face. This article aims to explore how training can be used to combat this issue to build self‐esteem among vulnerable young people, through a case study of a training entrepreneurship programme for vulnerable Thai young people residing in a home for girls. Through conducting a 16‐week training programme and follow‐up interviews, the study finds that entrepreneurship training has a positive effect on building self‐esteem. Findings indicate that the young women who participated reported feeling more confident, with better self‐reliance, and more capable of pursuing future endeavours, especially since the training enhances their understanding of long‐term effects and outcomes, including employment and the impact of job creation and sustainable development. Ultimately, the study underlines the importance of entrepreneurship training to build self‐esteem and confidence in young people who are vulnerable and in need of such an opportunity.
Blood for bread: Necro‐labor, nonsovereign bodies, and the state of exception in Rojhelat
Authors: Mohammadpour Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs members of a stateless nation that is geopolitically divided across Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey, Kurds are known mainly in the West as excellent fighters and political revolutionaries. Amid the devastation of war and political unrest, most Kurds struggle for economic survival. This is especially true for Eastern Kurds living under Iranian rule. They have seen their lands confiscated, their resources plundered, and their access to capital and educational mobility severely restricted. Moreover, under the rule of the Iranian Persian‐Shi'i necropolitics, Kurds have been culturally and economically subjected to a regime of internal colonialism that has eroded their capacity for economic survival. Building on the literature on sovereignty and violence, this article investigates the nexus between precarity, spatiality, and necropolitics as embodied in the practice of Kurdish cross‐border labor, or kolberi. I argue that the Iranian state deploys the discourse of a securitized borderland as a weapon to inflict a permanent state of exception on Rojhelat, condemning Kurds to the status of living dead through the imposition of precarious necro‐labor practice. Furthermore, this study articulates the border as an archive where registers of state necropolitics are deposited, preserved, and revealed in the lives of kolbers.
Zhi Zi Chi decoction (Gardeniae fructus and semen Sojae Praeparatum) attenuates anxious depression via modulating microbiota–gut–brain axis in corticosterone combined with chronic restraint stress‐induced mice
Authors: Tian Xuanhe , Wang Guangyan , Teng Fei , Xue Xiaoyan , Pan Jin , Mao Qiancheng , Guo Dongjing , Song Xiaobin , Ma Ke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe microbiota–gut–brain axis plays a critical role in neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly anxious depression, and attracts more attention gradually. Zhi Zi Chi decoction (ZZCD) consisting of Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis and Glycine max (L.) Merr, is a classic formula in clinic and widely applied in anxiety and depression treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms of regulating microbiota–gut–brain axis in the treatment of anxious depression by oral administration of ZZCD remain elusive.Materials and MethodsIn this project, we clarified the origin and preparation methods of the Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis and Glycine max (L.) Merr and examined the chemical ingredients of ZZCD by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer. Then, corticosterone combined with chronic restraint stress was applied to establish an anxious depression model. After treated with ZZCD standard decoction, based on enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 16S rRNA technology, high‐throughput sequencing, quantitative RT‐PCR and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), the multiple associations between nucleus accumbens and intestinal flora in anxious depression mice were determined to clarify the mechanism of ZZCD in the treatment of anxiety and depression disorder.ResultsWe found various substances with antidepressant and antianxiety properties in ZZCD such as rosiridin and oleanolic acid. ZZCD could alleviate depressive and anxiety behaviors in anxious depression mice via regulating the disturbance of gut microbiota. Meanwhile, the bioactive compounds of ZZCD might directly active on neurodevelopment and neuroimmune‐related genes. Furthermore, the secretion of prolactin and estrogen, and interfering with mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways were mainly involved in the multi‐target therapeutic effects of ZZCD against anxiety and depression.ConclusionsThese findings suggested that ZZCD exerts antidepressant effects pleiotropically through modulating the microbiota‐gut‐brain.
Introducing Elinor for monitoring the governance and management of area‐based conservation
Authors: Mahajan Shauna L. , Obiene Samson , Ojwang Lenice , Olwero Nasser , Valdivia Abel , Wosu Adaoma , Adrid Emily , Andradi‐Brown Dominic A. , Andriamalala Gildas , Ban Natalie C. , Bennett Nathan J. , Blythe Jessica , Cheng Samantha H. , Darling Emily , De Nardo Matheus , Drury O'Neill Elizabeth , Epstein Graham , Fidler Robert Y. , Fisher Kim , Geldmann Jonas , Gill David A. , Kroner Rachel Golden , Gurney Georgina , Jagadish Arundhati , Jonas Harry D. , Lazuardi Muhammad Erdi , Petersen Samantha , Ranarivelo Valencia V. , Rasoloformanana Lilia , Rasolozaka Tojo M. , Read Daniel J. , Mwaiteleke Elia Sabula , Ahmadia Gabby 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMonitoring the governance and management effectiveness of area‐based conservation has long been recognized as an important foundation for achieving national and global biodiversity goals and enabling adaptive management. However, there are still many barriers that prevent conservation actors, including those affected by governance and management systems from implementing conservation activities and programs and from gathering and using data on governance and management to inform decision‐making across spatial scales and through time. We explored current and past efforts to assess governance and management effectiveness and barriers actors face in using the resulting data and insights to inform conservation decision‐making. To help overcome these barriers, we developed Elinor, a free and open‐source monitoring tool that builds on the work of Nobel Prize winner Elinor Ostrom to facilitate the gathering, storing, sharing, analyzing, and use of data on environmental governance and management across spatial scales and for areas under different governance and management types. We consider the process of codesigning and piloting Elinor with conservation scientists and practitioners and the main components of the assessment and online data system. We also consider how Elinor complements existing approaches by addressing governance and management in a single assessment at a high level for different types of area‐based conservation, providing flexible options for data collection, and integrating a data system with an assessment that can support data use and sharing across different spatial scales, including global monitoring of the Global Biodiversity Framework. Although challenges will continue, the process of developing Elinor and the tool itself offer tangible solutions to barriers that prevent the systematic collection and use of governance and management data. With broader uptake, Elinor can play a valuable role in enabling more effective, inclusive, and durable area‐based conservation.
Scleroderma en Coup de Sabre with Central Nervous System Involvement
Authors: Higashi Yuko , Kanekura Takuro , Fukumaru Keiko , Kanzaki Tamotsu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe describe a patient with scleroderma en coup de sabre and central nervous system symptoms. She presented with a linear scleroderma on her left paramedian forehead and scalp and suffered from headaches and dizziness. Axial T2‐weighted MRI showed a 1 cm, high intense signal abnormality in the medial aspect of the left frontal lobe.
Progesterone‐Induced Blocking Factor Inhibits Degranulation of Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Faust Zs. , Laškarin G. , Rukavina D. , J. Szekeres‐Bartho M.D., Ph.D.  
Published: October 2023

PROBLEM: During the first trimester of pregnancy, nonclassical (CD3—, CD56+, CD16—, perforin [P]bright +) natural killer (NK) cells comprise the major decidual lymphocyte population. These cells, in spite of their high perforin content, exert a low cytolytic activity. Peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy pregnant women produce progesterone‐induced blocking factor (PIBF), which inhibits NK activity. PIBF‐producing cells are likely to be present in decidua and might contribute to low decidual NK activity.METHOD OF STUDY: Decidual cells obtained from elective pregnancy termination were double labeled for CD56 and PIBF. We tested the effect of PIBF on perforin liberation by activated peripheral blood NK cells.RESULTS: Sixty percent of decidual lymphocytes were CD56 + and expressed PIBF at the same time. PIBF‐treated and untreated peripheral blood NK cells were incubated with K‐562 cells, and perforin content of target conjugated NK cells was detected with immunocytochemistry. PIBF treatment of peripheral blood lymphocytes significantly reduced lysis of K‐562 cells. Among target bound lymphocytes in PIBF‐treated samples, we found a significantly (P < 0.01) higher rate of P+ cells than in untreated samples.CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that PIBF inhibits cytotoxicity of NK cells via a block of degranulation, and since decidual NK cells are PIBF+, it cannot be ruled out that this effect of PIBF contributes to low decidual NK activity.
Cytokines and the Regulation of Apoptosis in Reproductive Tissues: A Review
Authors: Lea Richard G. , Riley Simon C. , Antipatis Christos , Hannah Lisa , Ashworth Cheryl J. , Clark David A. , Critchley Hilary O.D. 
Published: October 2023

PROBLEM: To determine the role of apoptosis‐regulating genes bax and bcl‐2 in reproduction.METHOD OF STUDY: Review of literature and current data.RESULTS: The bcl‐2 family of apoptotic regulatory gene products interact and form dimers of anti‐ and pro‐apoptotic proteins (e.g., bcl‐2 and bax respectively), the ratio of which determines cell death or survival. Menses is associated with increased apoptosis in the glands, a change in bcl‐2:bax ratio and increased levels of the pro‐apoptotic cytokine TNFα. Apoptosis occurs in all placental cell types and increases from first to third trimester. Placental apoptosis is induced by TNFα in vitro and increased levels in utero characterize most failing pregnancies, intra‐uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and labour. An increased bcl‐2:bax ratio and apoptosis in the syncytiotrophoblast characterizes failing first trimester pregnancies. Apoptosis in the syncytiotrophoblast is also associated with IUGR. In a rat model, maternal vitamin A deficiency perturbs fetal development. This is associated with a placental infiltrate of TNFα positive neutrophils (day 20) and increased placental apoptosis in areas of infiltration. A similar infiltrate occurs in a mouse model of early pregnancy loss. In the fetal membranes, clusters of bcl‐2 negative chorion trophoblast cells undergo apoptosis. This may allow passage of myometrial stimulatory factors that induce labour.CONCLUSION: The ratio of bcl‐2:bax is crucial in the regulation of apoptosis, particularly in the human placenta. Changes in trophoblast apoptosis characterize (1) early pregnancy failure, (2) IUGR and (3) pre‐term and term labour. Regardless of gestational age, TNFα plays a major role in the induction of placental apoptosis.
Developing advanced L2 German writing: A functionally oriented longitudinal study
Authors: Maxim Hiram H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCompetent L2 writing has been described in research in terms of an increasing incidence, variety, and length of clauses; a countervailing compactness and tightness with reduced number of clauses even as clause length expands; and various interrelationships between syntactic realizations of texts and the genres they represent. These partly contradictory features are typically related to the fact that “advancedness” is both a notoriously vague term and a developmental stage that is more expansive than are introductory and intermediate levels of L2 performance. To contribute to a more differentiated understanding of advancedness—particularly its gradual development in instructed settings—this article examines the characteristics of advanced writing through an analysis of data that are (a) longitudinal, rather than cross‐sectional, (b) embedded in an instructional environment that has implemented principled, articulated curricular, and pedagogical practices for the development of advancedness, and (c) analyzed within a systemic–functional linguistic framework in order to focus on the notions of experiential and logical meaning. By analyzing the intraclausal and interclausal resources that evolving advanced learners use and by relating them to the learners’ developmental trajectory, this article contributes to a better understanding not only of the nature of advancedness but also of its development by adult instructed learners.
The efficacy and safety of low‐ versus high‐fluence fractional picosecond Nd:YAG 1064‐nm laser in the treatment of acne scars: A randomized split‐face comparison study
Authors: Lee Si‐Hyung , Kim Dong Hyo , Jo Seong Jin , Lim Youngkyoung , Lee Ji Won , Lee Jun Hyo , Kim Tae Min , Kim Seong Rae , Kang Jeewoo , Yoon Ji Young , Suh Dae Hun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundDifferences in clinical efficacy based on the fluence of fractional picosecond laser treatment for acne scars are unknown.ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of low‐fluence versus high‐fluence fractional picosecond Nd:YAG 1064‐nm laser treatment in acne scar patients.MethodsIn this 12‐week, investigator‐blinded, randomized, split‐face study, 25 patients with moderate‐to‐severe acne scars received three sessions of high‐fluence laser treatment (1.0 J/cm2) on one side of their face and low‐fluence (0.3 J/cm2) on the other side every 4 weeks. Patients were assessed using acne scar counts, the scar global assessment (SGA), and the ECCA scar grading scale every 4 weeks. The histological analysis compared the acne scars obtained before and 4 weeks after treatment.ResultsAt their last visit, 88.00% and 92.00% of the subjects achieved >30% reduction in scar counts on the low‐ and high‐fluence sides, respectively, without a significant difference between the two sides. On both sides, the scar counts, SGA, and ECCA score significantly improved 4 weeks after the last treatment. Although the high‐fluence side showed a greater reduction in scar counts (−66.73%) than the low‐fluence side (−62.13%), the two sides had no significant difference in the grading scores. The high‐fluence side showed significantly more severe pain and higher side‐effect scores immediately and 4 weeks after treatment. Histological analysis revealed a significantly increased collagen, elastin, and vimentin expression after treatment on the low‐fluence side.ConclusionsThe low‐fluence setting demonstrated comparable efficacy and superior safety in treating acne scars compared with the high‐fluence setting.
Acute care nurse managers' definitions of and barriers to well‐being: A thematic analysis of open‐ended survey questions
Authors: Urban Regina W. , Martin Shirley D. , Foglia Dorothy C. , Henson J. Sheree , Belz Joni N. , Bilton Valerie R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, acute care nurse managers functioned in a critical role by helping to advance the mission and goals of their organization while navigating a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape. This resulted in high levels of ongoing job‐related stress which is linked to negative physical, psychological, and job‐related outcomes. Little is known about the perceptions regarding their own professional well‐being during this time.AimThe aim of this study was to qualitatively describe acute care nurse managers' perceptions of and barriers to their professional well‐being.MethodsUsing a qualitative descriptive approach, nurse managers from a hospital system in the southwestern United States responded to two short‐answer, survey‐based questions in 2022: (1) “Describe the definition of nurse‐manager well‐being in your own words” and (2) “What do you feel is your biggest barrier to professional well‐being?” Reflexive thematic analysis was utilized to analyze participant responses (N = 80).ResultsProfessional well‐being is a complex concept influenced by the nurse manager's ability to navigate work–life balance; care for their own physical, emotional, and spiritual selves; give and receive support from stakeholders; and manage feelings of thriving vs. struggling in the role. Barriers most cited as influencing well‐being included having too little time to get things done coupled with increasing workloads, feeling stuck in the middle among stakeholders, and coping with ongoing staffing challenges.Linking Evidence to ActionThe definition of and barriers to well‐being are influenced by the specific needs and experiences of the nurse manager. While not all barriers can be immediately removed, the identification of individual and organization‐specific barriers needs to be taken seriously, reviewed by those who can promote change, and evidence‐based solutions for improvement piloted or implemented when feasible.
Effect of climate change on fossorial species: a case study comparing species of the genus Scincella
Authors: Moreno-Lara Israel , Becerra-López Jorge Luis , Ramírez-Bautista Aurelio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
For species that have a fossorial habit or that spend most of their time under leaf litter, correlative models may not be sufficient to model their potential risk in the face of climate change; this is the case for the species examined here. In the present study, we compared three different models (maximum entropy correlative models, mechanistic models based on species thermal tolerance, and habitat cover) applied to three lizards of the genus Scincella (S. gemmingeri, S. lateralis and S. silvicola). Models were proposed for current climate scenario, and for 2050 at three SSPs greenhouse gas concentrations, assessing sites with suitable climate and habitat cover, optimum temperature for species survival, and to selecting the best predictive model. Current and future correlative models indicate areas with little climatic suitability within the thermal range that these lizards can tolerate; however, it was possible to corroborate the presence of populations of S. gemmingeri and S. silvicola in areas that do not have climatic suitability, but do have habitat coverage. These results support the hypothesis that the habitat and microhabitat structures protect these species against possible adverse climatic conditions. It may be that it is also necessary to measure physiological variables (to obtain the thermal range of each species), as well to include both habitat type and habitat structure in spatial analysis.
Effect of Bleaching on the Microhardness and Modulus of Elasticity of ACTIVA BioACTIVE – RESTORATIVE: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Sricharan Sushritha , Hegde Swaroop , J. Narmada , Narayana Indiresha H. , Mohan Chatura , Shetty Nithin K. 
Published: October 2023

Aim:Bleaching is reported to have a deleterious effect on the physical properties of composite material. There is a lack of studies evaluating the effect of bleaching on ACTIVA BioACTIVE – RESTORATIVE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of bleaching on the microhardness and modulus of elasticity of ACTIVA BioACTIVE – RESTORATIVE.Materials and methods:In this in vitro study, the effect of bleaching on two restorative materials was tested. The two restorative materials ACTIVA BioACTIVE – RESTORATIVE and 3M Filtek Z350 Xt were subjected to bleaching with two concentrations of carbamide peroxide (15% and 35%). Measurements of Microhardness and Modulus of elasticity were recorded before and after the bleaching procedure. Data were checked for normality using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Unpaired t test was applied to compare mean of different variables across groups ( p < .0001).Results:The microhardness and modulus of elasticity was higher among the 3M Filtek Z350 Xt group when compared to ACTIVA BioACTIVE – RESTORATIVE. Approximately 35% carbamide peroxide showed the least values when compared to 15% carbamide peroxide.Conclusion:Within the limitation of this study it can be concluded that 15% and 35% carbamide peroxide significantly decreased the Microhardness and Modulus of Elasticity of ACTIVA BioACTIVE – RESTORATIVE and 3M Filtek Z350 Xt. The deleterious effect was concentration dependent as more effect was noted with 35% Carbamide Peroxide. Therefore, patients have to be advised that the existing composite restoration might become softer after bleaching.
The short- and long-term changes of upper airway and alar in nongrowing patients treated with Mini-Implant Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Cuiyu , Wang Kaixin , Jiang Chunmiao , Zhao Yang , Zhang Yiyan , Zhang Qianwen , Fan Cunhui , Liu Yang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to assess the short- and long-term changes in the upper airway and alar width after mini-implant -assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in nongrowing patients.

Methods
Five electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) were searched up to 2 August, 2023 based on the PICOS principles. The main outcomes were classified into three groups: 1) nasal cavity changes, 2) upper airway changes and 3) alar changes. The mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess these changes. Heterogeneity tests, subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were also analyzed.

Result
Overall, 22 articles were included for data analysis. Nasal cavity width (WMD: 2.05 mm; 95% CI: 1.10, 3.00) and nasal floor width (WMD: 2.13 mm; 95% CI: 1.16, 3.11) increased significantly. While palatopharyngeal volume (WMD: 0.29 cm3, 95% CI: -0.44, 1.01), glossopharyngeal volume (WMD: 0.30 cm3, 95% CI: -0.29, 0.89) and hypopharyngeal volume (WMD: -0.90 cm3; 95% CI: -1.86, 0.06) remained unchanged, nasal cavity volume (WMD: 1.24 cm3, 95% CI: 0.68, 1.81), nasopharyngeal volume (MD: 0.75 cm3, 95% CI: 0.44, 1.06), oropharyngeal volume (WMD: 0.61 cm3, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.87), and total volume of the upper airway (WMD: 1.67 cm3, 95% CI: 0.68, 2.66) increased significantly. Alar width (WMD: 1.47 mm; 95% CI: 0.40, 2.55) and alar base width (WMD: 1.54 mm; 95% CI: 1.21, 1.87) also increased.

Conclusion
MARPE can increase nasal cavity width, nasal cavity volume, nasopharyngeal volume and oropharyngeal volume for nongrowing patients, but has no significant effect on hypopharyngeal volume. In addition, the alar width also increased. However, the studies included in this meta-analysis were mainly retrospective, nonrandomized and small in number, so the findings should be interpreted with caution and high-quality RCTs need to be studied.