bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Double‐ended passivator enables dark‐current‐suppressed colloidal quantum dot photodiodes for CMOS‐integrated infrared imagers
Authors: Liu Peilin , Lu Shuaicheng , Liu Jing , Xia Bing , Yang Gaoyuan , Ke Mo , Zhao Xuezhi , Yang Junrui , Liu Yuxuan , Ge Ciyu , Liang Guijie , Chen Wei , Lan Xinzheng , Zhang Jianbing , Gao Liang , Tang Jiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLead sulfide (PbS) colloidal quantum dot (CQD) photodiodes integrated with silicon‐based readout integrated circuits (ROICs) offer a promising solution for the next‐generation short‐wave infrared (SWIR) imaging technology. Despite their potential, large‐size CQD photodiodes pose a challenge due to high dark currents resulting from surface states on non‐passivated (100) facets and trap states generated by CQD fusion. In this work, we present a novel approach to address this issue by introducing double‐ended ligands that supplementally passivate (100) facets of halide‐capped large‐size CQDs, leading to suppressed bandtail states and reduced defect concentration. Our results demonstrate that the dark current density is highly suppressed by about an order of magnitude to 9.6 nA cm−2 at −10 mV, which is among the lowest reported for PbS CQD photodiodes. Furthermore, the performance of the photodiodes is exemplary, yielding an external quantum efficiency of 50.8% (which corresponds to a responsivity of 0.532 A W−1) and a specific detectivity of 2.5 × 1012 Jones at 1300 nm. By integrating CQD photodiodes with CMOS ROICs, the CQD imager provides high‐resolution (640 × 512) SWIR imaging for infrared penetration and material discrimination.image
Compliant substrates mitigate the senescence associated phenotype of stress induced mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Gresham Robert C. H. , Filler Andrea C. , Fok Shierly W. , Czachor Molly , Schmier Natalie , Pearson Claire , Bahney Chelsea , Leach J. Kent 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising cell population for musculoskeletal cell‐based therapies due to their multipotent differentiation capacity and complex secretome. Cells from younger donors are mechanosensitive, evidenced by changes in cell morphology, adhesivity, and differentiation as a function of substrate stiffness in both two‐ and three‐dimensional culture. However, MSCs from older individuals exhibit reduced differentiation potential and increased senescence, limiting their potential for autologous use. While substrate stiffness is known to modulate cell phenotype, the influence of the mechanical environment on senescent MSCs is poorly described. To address this question, we cultured irradiation induced premature senescent MSCs on polyacrylamide hydrogels and assessed expression of senescent markers, cell morphology, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Compared to cells on tissue culture plastic, senescent MSCs exhibited decreased markers of the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) when cultured on 50 kPa gels, yet common markers of senescence (e.g., p21, CDKN2A, CDKN1A) were unaffected. These effects were muted in a physiologically relevant heterotypic mix of healthy and senescent MSCs. Conditioned media from senescent MSCs on compliant substrates increased osteoblast mineralization compared to conditioned media from cells on TCP. Mixed populations of senescent and healthy cells induced similar levels of osteoblast mineralization compared to healthy MSCs, further indicating an attenuation of the senescent phenotype in heterotypic populations. These data indicate that senescent MSCs exhibit a decrease in senescent phenotype when cultured on compliant substrates, which may be leveraged to improve autologous cell therapies for older donors.
Evaluation of Culturally Informed and Flexible Family‐Based Treatment for Adolescents (CIFFTA) implemented in community‐based settings
Authors: Mena Maite P. , Lazarus Rebecca A. , Otero Kristal A. , Santisteban Daniel A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEffective family‐based interventions are needed for youth who are experiencing emotional and behavioral difficulties and who are impacted by powerful environmental stressors. Culturally Informed and Flexible Family‐Based Treatment for Adolescents (CIFFTA) is a manualized and evidence‐based, multicomponent family‐based treatment that has been shown to be efficacious in research settings. The purpose of this paper is to report on the effectiveness of implementing CIFFTA for the treatment of Latino and Black youth and families in community settings. Utilization of services offered and changes in youth presenting problems and family functioning were used to evaluate the program. Two hundred thirty‐two youth (11–18 years of age) and their caregivers were recruited over 2 years and CIFFTA was delivered by experienced masters‐level family therapists over a 12–16‐week period. Seventy‐six percent met the 8‐session criteria for retention in treatment and 71% completed treatment. Results showed significant improvements in youth behavioral and emotional presenting problems, reduction in family conflict and improvement in family cohesion and communication. Caregiver well‐being such as reductions in parental stress, relational frustration, and improvement in parental confidence also showed significant improvement. Analyses of reliable change indices showed a substantial improvement in youth who entered the program in the clinical range of presenting problems. The findings point to CIFFTA's ability to retain youth and families who tend to underutilize needed services, to significant reductions in presenting problems, and to improvements in family functioning when implemented in a community setting.
Trajectories of adaptive functioning from early childhood to adolescence in autism: Identifying turning points and key correlates of chronogeneity
Authors: Chen Yun‐Ju , Duku Eric , Szatmari Peter , Salt Mackenzie , Smith Isabel , Richard Annie , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Vaillancourt Tracy , Zaidman‐Zait Anat , Bennett Terry , Elsabbagh Mayada , Kerns Connor , Georgiades Stelios 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has demonstrated heterogeneous adaptive outcomes across the autism spectrum; however, the current literature remains limited in elucidating turning points and associated factors for longitudinal variability (chronogeneity). To address these empirical gaps, we aimed to provide a finer‐grained characterization of trajectories of adaptive functioning from early childhood to adolescence in autism.MethodsOur sample (N = 406) was drawn from an inception cohort of children diagnosed Autistic at ages 2–5. Adaptive functioning was assessed with Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS, 2nd Edition) across 6 visits from the time of diagnosis by age 18. Parallel‐process latent growth curve modeling were used to estimate domain‐level VABS trajectories, followed by latent class growth analysis to identify trajectory subgroups. Child characteristics at diagnosis, family demographics, and participation outcomes at adolescence were compared across subgroups.ResultsPiecewise latent growth models best described VABS trajectories with two turning points identified at around ages 5‐6 and 9–10, respectively reflecting transitions into school age and early adolescence. We parsed four VABS trajectory subgroups that vary by level of functioning and change rate for certain domains and periods. Around 16% of the sample exhibited overall adequate functioning (standard score >85) with notable early growth and social adaptation during adolescence. About 21% showed low adaptive functioning (standard score ≤70), with decreasing slopes by age 6 followed by improvements in communication and daily‐living skills by age 10. The other two subgroups (63% in total) were characterized by adaptive functioning between low and adequate levels, with relatively stable trajectories entering school age. These subgroups differed most in their cognitive ability at diagnosis, household income, and social participation in adolescence.ConclusionsWe identified key individual and family characteristics and time windows associated with distinct adaptive functioning trajectories, which have important implications for providing timely and tailored supports to Autistic people across developmental stages.
Assessing the contribution of hospital medicine patients to the tertiary quaternary care mission of an academic medical center
Authors: Peng Theodore , Green Adrienne , Mourad Michelle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAcademic medical centers must balance caring for patients in their community with their role as referral centers for more profitable tertiary quaternary (T/Q) care. Hospital medicine services, which admit patients largely from the emergency department, often have the lowest proportion of T/Q care and may thus be under pressure to demonstrate their value to the health system. Looking at the 5771 patients that were discharged from our hospital medicine service between 2021 and 2022, we found that three quarters (74.6%) of patients had at least one prior outpatient encounter at our institution, and that more than a third (36.1%) were established patients in departments of strategic importance to our institution. Our study provides a framework for academic hospital medicine services looking to assess their patient population's connection with the broader health system and suggests that our hospital medicine service provides inpatient care to a population critical to the role of the institution in our community both locally and regionally.
Quantification of lung surfactant lipid (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin) ratio in binary liposomes using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Veluthandath Aneesh Vincent , Ahmed Waseem , Madsen Jens , Clark Howard W. , Postle Anthony D. , Wilkinson James S. , Murugan Ganapathy Senthil 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEarly diagnosis of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (nRDS) is important in reducing the mortality of preterm babies. Knowledge of the ratio of two components of lung surfactant, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), and sphingomyelin (SM) can be used as biomarkers of lung maturity and inform treatment. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool to analyze vibrational spectra of organic molecules which requires only limited sample preparation steps and, unlike IR spectroscopy, is not masked by water absorption. In this paper, we explore the potential of using Raman spectroscopy as a tool to estimate the ratio of DPPC and SM from aqueous vesicles of binary mixture of DPPC and SM. We demonstrate that the ratio of DPPC and SM can be estimated by estimating the ratio of intensity of CO stretch of DPPC and CC stretch of SM as well as CO stretch of DPPC and amide I of SM. Further, we employ a partial least squares regression (PLSR) model to automate the estimation and demonstrate that PLSR method can predict the DPPC and SM ratio with an R2 value of 0.968.
Cardiovascular safety of Janus Kinase inhibitor therapy in a multi‐ethnic population
Authors: Sunmboye Kehinde , Petrie Tom , Durrani Maumer 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundJanus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors are a class of drugs that have been shown to be effective in treating a variety of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs). However, there have been concerns about their potential to increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Some studies have found no ethnic differences. This study aimed to assess the cardiovascular safety of JAK inhibitor therapy in a large multi‐ethnic patient cohort and to identify if there is a correlation between the age of patients in the cohort with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.MethodsThis retrospective cross‐sectional study enrolled 309 patients with ARDs who were treated with JAK inhibitors. Cardiovascular events that occurred while on JAK inhibitor therapy were identified retrospectively.ResultsThe mean age of the study cohort was 59.3 years, and 73% were Caucasian and 25% were South Asian in ethnicity. There was a positive and statistically significant correlation between cardiovascular events and age of the patients (rpb = 0.12, n = 309, p = 0.036), but the correlation was weak based on the rpb value of 0.12.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that JAK inhibitor therapy is generally safe in older patients with ARDs in a multi‐ethnic population. However, further research is needed to identify any other patient factors that may increase the risk of cardiovascular events. The findings of this study could also have practise implications in the use of JAK inhibitor therapy in patients over 65 years of age.
Precision medicine in myocardial infarction: Nanotheranostic strategies
Authors: Pang Alexander Shao‐Rong , Dinesh Vishalli , Pang Natalie Yan‐Lin , Dinesh Tarini , Pang Kimberley Yun‐Lin , Yip George W. , Bay Boon Huat , Srinivasan Dinesh Kumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) is the most prevalent non‐communicable disease worldwide. Nanotheranostics have made significant progress in the biomedical field, presenting an avenue to overcome the limitations of conventional approaches towards MI, in which personalized interventions have enhanced nanotherapeutic efficacy. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nanoscale materials have been modified through alteration of their physical and chemical properties such as structure, size, and surface, thereby improving target sensitivity and specificity. This revolutionary technology has also been accomplished through precision therapeutics in MI. In this review, we discuss advanced nanoparticle designs utilized in the diagnosis and treatment of MI that could be applied to deliver personalized treatment and improve patient outcomes.
Asymptotic bounds for clustering problems in random graphs
Authors: Lykhovyd Eugene , Butenko Sergiy , Krokhmal Pavlo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGraph clustering is an important problem in network analysis. This problem can be approached by first finding a large cluster subgraph (i.e., a subgraph in which every connected component is a complete graph), perhaps in a relaxed form (connected components may have missing edges), and then assigning each of the remaining vertices to one of the connected components of the cluster subgraph according to some optimization criteria. The more vertices can be included in the initial cluster subgraph (also referred to as independent union of clusters), the more “clusterable” the graph is. This paper proposes a framework for establishing asymptotic bounds on the cardinality of independent unions of clusters in Erdős‐Rényi random graphs with constant , referred to as uniform random graphs. In particular, sufficient conditions ensuring (where is the number of nodes) upper bounds with probability 1 are developed and shown to be applicable for the maximum independent union of cliques as well as some clique relaxations. In addition, it is shown that every graph must have an independent union of cliques of cardinality at least . Since this bound is asymptotically tight on uniform random graphs, this suggests that these graphs can be viewed as a “least clusterable” class of graphs.
Factorial structure of quality of life, satisfaction with caregiving and caregiver burden in palliative care: A systematic review
Authors: Llop‐Medina Laura , Ródenas‐Rigla Francisco , Gallego‐Valadés Alfonso , Garcés‐Ferrer Jorge 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this research is to identify the main approaches and domains of palliative care quality assessment through three questionnaires used for this purpose.DesignSystematic review.MethodsThe proposed analysis process consists of three stages from 2000 to 2020: (i) massive literature search, (ii) text mining and (iii) systematic reviews carried out on the QLQ C30, Zarit Burden Interview and FAMCARE questionnaires. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA‐P) have guided our research.ResultsSixteen papers were included in our study. The main findings have been summarised using a descriptive narrative synthesis approach. Systematic reviews evidenced that such tools present variable factor structures or latent domains. The results obtained are generally representative of the evidence supporting the factor structure of the QLQ‐C30 in the general cancer population. The factor structure of the Zarit Burden Interview remains ambiguous, although the idea of a unifactorial structure predominates. In the case of FAMCARE, most of the factor structures differ from the initial proposal of Kristjanson. The categorisation of the main subjective assessment approaches could be useful for the construction of a coherent system of indicators to be used in nursing practice. For its part, the variability in the latent dimensionality of the questionnaires analysed could be due to: (i) the characteristics of the sample, (ii) the population studied, (iii) cross‐cultural variability, (iv) the design of the questionnaire and (v) the analysis techniques employed.
Water absorption of biomass fillers to impact the degradation of poly(butyleneadipate‐co‐terephthalate) composites
Authors: Gong Zewei , Huang Juncheng , Xie Liangke , Feng Chengqi , Na Haining , Wang Na , Zhu Jin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, two kinds of biomass fillers including reed and wheat straw with similar sizes at micrometer scale were used as filler and poly(butyleneadipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) as matrix to prepare high‐performance composite materials and to use for the research of enzymatic degradation. Accordingly, hard PBAT composites with average bending strength and modulus at 12 and 1100 MPa were prepared. With the progress of enzymatic degradation, water absorption of the biomass fillers to promote the degradation of PBAT matrix was clearly revealed. The strong water absorption of biomass filler led to the large degradation rate. During the degradation within 90 days, the mechanical properties of PBAT/biomass fillers composites decreased to 23.7%. This study revealed the important factors of biomass fillers affecting the degradation behavior of PBAT in composite.Highlights• Two different biomass fillers are blended into PBAT to fabricate the composites.• All of the biomass fillers are similarly controlled at the micrometer level.• Water absorption of biomass filler promotes the degradation of the PBAT matrix.• Stronger water absorption induces quicker degradation rate.• After degradation, bending properties of PBAT composites obviously decrease.
Layer multiplication co‐extrusion of cross‐linked polymer microsphere‐filled systems
Authors: Steinmetz Erik , Maia João 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLayer multiplication co‐extrusion allows for creation of advance structures with highly tunable properties, with relative ease. Multi‐layer co‐extrusion using the layer multiplication technique was used to create 33‐layered structures of polymer microsphere‐filled layers alternating with unfilled layers. Cross‐linked polyurethane (PU) microspheres (of two different rigidities) and ultra‐highly cross‐linked polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microspheres were used to examine the effect of particle rigidity in confinement on overall mechanical properties. Layer structures were successfully created with particle‐filled layers; once layer size approaches the particle size, the particles deform the unfilled counter‐layer. In certain conditions, impingement of the counter‐layer occurs, decreasing the mechanical properties. High‐density polyethylene‐grafted‐maleic anhydride (HDPE‐g‐MA) was subsequently utilized as a compatibilizer to improve the interface between the particles and the matrix. The HDPE‐g‐MA was effective in increasing the mechanical performance of the co‐extruded product made with the PU microspheres but inefficient in improving the product made with the PMMA microspheres.
Talus and its cooling effects on the thermal regime of permafrost: A review
Authors: Lan Shengtao , Cao Bin , Hu Yan , Sun Ziyong , Ma Rui , Li Xin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTalus, as the product of movement and accumulation along the slope after the cracking of cliffs or steep rock walls, is a common landform in the mountain periglacial environment. Significant thermal anomalies within talus have been widely reported to be a result of cooling effects. During the cold season, the increased temperature difference between talus and the ambient environment strengthens the intensity of convection (vertical flows) and transforms into upward advection (lateral flows) and exhausts the internal warm current. During the warm season, heat is concentrated on the surface of the talus, and the internal dominant cold current moves downward along the slope by advection. The principle of the proactive cooling effects of talus has been widely utilized in railway construction within permafrost regions as embankments to alleviate degradation of the underlying permafrost. However, limited model studies have examined the cooling effects of blocky debris in nature, and in situ observations are rare. Therefore, it will be important to increase observations and develop process‐based models that couple heat conduction, convection/advection, water transfer processes, and even the latent heat of phase change. This will help to better understand the extent of the cooling effects and its impact on the thermal regime of permafrost.
Nexus between government agricultural expenditures and agricultural credit: The role of sustainable agricultural growth and sustainable agricultural income
Authors: Latief Rashid , Zhang Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the effects of fiscal expenditures by the government on agricultural credit by considering the mediating role of sustainable agricultural growth and sustainable agricultural income. This study uses panel data from 31 Chinese provinces for the period 2009–2021. For in‐depth analysis, the sample is divided into different regions ‐ eastern, central, and western. For the empirical estimations, the ordinary least squares (OL), fixed effect (FE), random effect (RE), two‐way fixed effect (FE), and two‐stage least‐squares (2SLS) methods are employed. The results of the study demonstrate a significantly positive connection between governmental agricultural expenditures (GAEs) and agricultural credit (AC). The findings of the mediation analysis highlight a significantly positive mediating role of sustainable agricultural income in the association between GAEs and AC. The results of the regional analysis reveal a positive connection between GAEs and AC in all regions. It is recommended that government should increase its investment in the agriculture sector through both direct and indirect means of fiscal support, it can improve the agricultural income of farmers at a sustainable level and the repayment ability of farmers and rural households, and it can make their easy access to AC from banks and other financial institutions.