bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dry Reforming of Methane over Dual Metal Oxide Al2O3 + MOx (M = Ti, Zr, Si, Y) Supported Ni Catalyst: A Simple and Practical Approach
Authors: Patel Naitik , Fakeeha Anis H. , Alreshaidan Salwa B. , Alotibi Mohammed F. , Osman Ahmed I. , Al-Muhtaseb Ala’a H. , Mahyoub Mohammed A. , Kumar Rawesh , Abasaeed Ahmed E. , Al-Fatesh Ahmed S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe complex catalyst synthesis procedure is always a hurdle in the industrialization of catalysts. Industry eagerly needs catalysts for the dry reforming of methane, which can be prepared through straightforward, cheap processes by semi-skilled workers. Herein, dual metal oxide support 10 wt% MOx (M = Ti, Si, Zr, Y) & 90 wt% Al2O3 is prepared by just mixing mechanically and thereafter, catalytic active 5 wt% Ni is dispersed over the support by impregnation method. Metal oxide pairs in ZrO2 + Al2O3, TiO2-Al2O3, SiO2 + Al2O3, and Y2O3 + Al2O3 supports are non-interacting, partially-interacting, significantly interacting (through Si–O–Al) and highly interacting (with maximum covalence character) respectively. Ni dispersed over SiO2 + Al2O3 or Y2O3 + Al2O3 supports are strongly interacted, whereas Ni/Y2O3 + Al2O3 catalyst has oxide enrichment over the surface for potential oxidation of carbon deposit. The interacting nature of metal oxide pair in support, stability of active sites and extent of oxide enrichment over the surface confirms the following order of coke deposition, Ni/Y2O3 + Al2O3 (8%) < Ni/SiO2 + Al2O3 (17%) < Ni/TiO2-Al2O3 (38.2%) < Ni/ZrO2 + Al2O3 (52.3%), as well as reverse order of catalytic activity, Ni/Y2O3 + Al2O3 (60%) > Ni/SiO2 + Al2O3 (55%) > Ni/TiO2-Al2O3 (50%) > Ni/ZrO2 + Al2O3 (47%).
Graphical Abstract
Federated singular value decomposition for high-dimensional data
Authors: Hartebrodt Anne , Röttger Richard , Blumenthal David B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFederated learning (FL) is emerging as a privacy-aware alternative to classical cloud-based machine learning. In FL, the sensitive data remains in data silos and only aggregated parameters are exchanged. Hospitals and research institutions which are not willing to share their data can join a federated study without breaching confidentiality. In addition to the extreme sensitivity of biomedical data, the high dimensionality poses a challenge in the context of federated genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In this article, we present a federated singular value decomposition algorithm, suitable for the privacy-related and computational requirements of GWAS. Notably, the algorithm has a transmission cost independent of the number of samples and is only weakly dependent on the number of features, because the singular vectors corresponding to the samples are never exchanged and the vectors associated with the features are only transmitted to an aggregator for a fixed number of iterations. Although motivated by GWAS, the algorithm is generically applicable for both horizontally and vertically partitioned data.
Soil Fertility and Phosphorus Leaching in Irrigated Calcareous Soils of the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Ortiz Carlos , Pierotti Silvia , Molina M. Gabriela , Bosch-Serra Àngela D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo ensure soil quality and soil health, it is necessary to improve fertilization practices while minimizing environmental impacts. The aim of this study was to record the state of the art on soil fertility related to fertilization management (organic and/or mineral) and to detect environmental challenges in highly productive fields. A soil survey was set up in a new irrigated area (c. 20 years old), in the north-eastern part of Spain, which is mainly devoted to double annual crop rotations of cereals and maize. The area also supports an important animal rearing activity. The survey covered 733 ha of calcareous soils, owned by 35 farmers. At each farm, fertilization management was recorded, and soil was analyzed for nutrients and heavy metals. Multivariate analyses were performed. Total N, P, Cu and Zn, and available P, Cu, Zn and Mn soil concentrations were associated to the use of organic amendments. Heavy metals concentrations were below established thresholds. Available P (Olsen-P) was identified as an indicator of the previously adopted fertilization management and of the potential of P leaching towards deeper soil layers. Regression analyses were performed. A displacement of available P from the uppermost layer (0–0.3 m) occurs in the breakpoint of 86 mg P kg−1 soil. Preventative actions might be established from 53 mg P kg−1 soil due to the slowdown in P immobilization. Our results reinforce the importance of setting up P threshold soil levels for best practices of fertilization, as a basis for sustainable agriculture intensification.
Ecological and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in sewage sludge produced in Silesian Voivodeship, Poland: a case study
Authors: Tytła Malwina , Widziewicz-Rzońca Kamila 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the potential risks posed by heavy metals in sewage sludge (SS) produced by municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the most industrialized region in Poland, the Silesian Voivodeship. The ecological risk was assessed using three indices: the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Factor (ER), and Risk Assessment Code (RAC), while the health risk was estimated by using carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk indices. The average concentrations of metals in the sludge samples were determined revealing that Zn was the predominant element, whereas Cd and Hg were present in the lowest concentrations. The study showed that the processes used in wastewater treatment plants influenced the overall metal content and chemical speciation. According to Igeo values, the dewatered sludge samples exhibited higher contamination levels of Cd and Zn, while Cu and Pb were upon to a lesser extent. The ER values suggest that Cd and Hg present the highest ecological risk. Considering the chemical forms and RAC values, Ni (26.8–37.2%) and Zn (19.8–27.0%) were identified to cause the most significant risks. The non-carcinogenic risk for adults and children was below acceptable levels. However, the carcinogenic risk associated with Ni (WWTP1) for both demographic groups and Cr and Cd (WWTP2), specifically for children, exceeded the acceptable threshold. Ingestion was the primary route of exposure. Although the dewatered SS met the standards for agricultural use, there is still a risk of secondary pollution to the environment and possible adverse health effects.
Revisiting the concept of highly skilled professionals: an analysis of support staff in Finnish universities
Authors: Irjala Outi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChanges in university staffing structures, the professionalisation of support staff and their increasing role in universities have been studied with varying perspectives and methods over the last two decades. The discussion has recently been enriched by the research conducted in different national settings. This paper contributes to the international debate and elaborates on the theme through two aims. The first is to investigate the emergence of a specific qualified professional group and its characteristics by analysing personnel data from Finnish universities. Second, the article seeks to indicate recent developments in the number and composition of professional staff in Finnish universities. The study is based on national official statistics on university personnel, some of which are previously unpublished, and on personnel data collected from all Finnish universities using an analytical framework built for this study. The results provide a comprehensive picture of the changing structure of the university workforce and a new insight into a previously studied occupational group through a lens of Finnish university system. The decline in the number of professional staff and the emergence of new kind of professionals in Finland reflect changes witnessed elsewhere, especially in Europe. Highly skilled professionals work in roles with specific knowledge, competences and responsibilities, which points out the differentiation of functions in the university system. This knowledge will support efforts to develop the university organisation by building on the competence of all staff.
Understanding general practitioners’ prescribing choices to patients with chronic low back pain: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Hamilton Melanie , Christine Lin Chung-Wei , Arora Sheena , Harrison Mark , Tracy Marguerite , Nickel Brooke , Shaheed Christina Abdel , Gnjidic Danijela , Mathieson Stephanie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Although NSAIDs are recommended as a first line analgesic treatment, opioids are very commonly prescribed to patients with low back pain (LBP) despite risks of harms.

Aim
This study aimed to determine factors contributing to general practitioners’ (GPs’) prescribing choices to patients with chronic LBP in a primary care setting.

Method
This discrete choice experiment (DCE) presented 210 GPs with hypothetical scenarios of a patient with chronic LBP. Participants chose their preferred treatment for each choice set, either the opioid, NSAID or neither. The scenarios varied by two patient attributes; non-specific LBP or LBP with referred leg pain (sciatica) and number of comorbidities. The three treatment attributes also varied, being: the type of opioid or NSAID, degree of pain reduction and number of adverse events. The significance of each attribute in influencing clinical decisions was the primary outcome and the degree to which GPs preferred the alternative based on the number of adverse events or the amount of pain reduction was the secondary outcome.

Results
Overall, GPs preferred NSAIDs (45.2%, 95% CI 38.7–51.7%) over opioids (28.8%, 95% CI 23.0–34.7%), however there was no difference between the type of NSAID or opioid preferred. Additionally, the attributes of pain reduction and adverse events did not influence a GP’s choice between NSAIDs or opioids for patients with chronic LBP.

Conclusion
GPs prefer prescribing NSAIDs over opioids for a patient with chronic low back pain regardless of patient factors of comorbidities or the presence of leg pain (i.e. sciatica).
Swimming Against the Current: Addressing Community Needs and Establishing Partnerships for the Prevention of Opioid and Methamphetamine use Among Parents
Authors: Singh Ryan R. , Peterson Jeffrey M. , Chapman Jason , Saldana Lisa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe opioid and methamphetamine crises in Oregon have a consequential impact on young families, as an increasing number of parents experience substance use disorder (SUD). As parental substance use escalates, the child welfare system (CWS) becomes overwrought with families who have complex needs. The burden placed on families and on the CWS indicates a need for prevention and treatment interventions for parental SUDs. In response to the worst statewide opioid and methamphetamine epidemics in the USA, a Hybrid Type 2 trial of PRE-FAIR—a prevention intervention for parents—is being implemented in five Oregon counties. Establishing strong partnerships within the communities helped identify the need to implement the evidence-based FAIR treatment model alongside PRE-FAIR. A strong focus on implementation includes meeting the needs of communities and establishing the infrastructure necessary for sustainment of the FAIR programs at the provider agencies. Despite implementation efforts to direct toward PRE-FAIR referrals, parents in need of treatment are being referred at a disproportionate rate, as are older parents who fall outside of study-eligibility. Both challenges have delayed the ability to enroll a sufficient number of participants for the prevention trial. This commentary describes the impact of the opioid and methamphetamine epidemics in Oregon as the crises relate to implementing prevention versus treatment interventions—highlighting the importance of addressing community needs and establishing strong partnerships, which has allowed creative strategies to increase PRE-FAIR recruitment.
Reporting of health-related quality of life in emergency laparotomy trials: a systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Downey Candice L. , Lessing J. , Jayne D. G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Emergency laparotomy is associated with high morbidity for the surgical patient. Understanding patients’ health-related quality of life after their surgery is important to enhance the informed consent process, and to enable the evaluation and improvement of surgical care. This review aims to summarise the use of health-related quality of life tools in clinical trials involving patients undergoing emergency laparotomy.

Methods
A systematic review was undertaken of the scientific literature published in the MEDLINE® and PubMed databases between January 2011 and July 2021. A narrative synthesis approach was chosen to synthesise the diverse range of studies in a structured manner. All included papers were evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias.

Results
Eleven studies were selected for inclusion. Most of the studies had a low risk of bias. Two of the studies used health-related quality of life as the primary outcome measure. A variety of health-related quality of life measurement tools were used; the EQ-5D tool was the most popular questionnaire. Protocol adherence was dependent on the length of time which had elapsed after emergency surgery.

Conclusion
There are many perceived challenges to collecting health-related quality of life data in the emergency surgery setting. Many of these can be offset with progressive trial designs. There is a need for further research in the systematic development of patient-reported outcomes for use in emergency surgery.
Recursivity in source-based writing: a process analysis
Authors: Tarchi Christian , Villalón Ruth , Vandermeulen Nina , Casado-Ledesma Lidia , Fallaci Anna Paola 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn university settings, writing argumentative essays from reading conflicting source texts is a common task for students. In performing this synthesis task, they must deal with conflicting claims about a controversial issue as they develop their own positions. Argumentative synthesis is characterized by writers’ back-and-forth moves between reading source texts and writing their own texts—a self-regulatory process that can be termed recursivity. The present study investigated the recursive behavior of Italian university students as they wrote argumentative syntheses while reading conflicting sources. The 43 graduate students participating in the study read four source texts on a controversial topic, evaluation in academe, with the goal of writing an argumentative essay. Reading of the sources was studied through a think-aloud procedure, and recursivity in writing the syntheses was recorded through Inputlog software. Comparisons were made between 22 high-recursive and 22 low recursive writers for the quality of their argumentative essays and for the critical strategies that they had used in reading the sources. Descriptive and nonparametic analyses produced the following three findings: (1) The strategies most employed in prereading were all related to synthesis-related activities: voicing opinion, expressing agreement, and expressing doubts. (2) Recursivity occurred most often in the middle of the synthesis process, as writers developed their arguments, instead of at the beginning or end. (3) High-recursive writers surpassed low-recursive writers by producing argumentative essays of higher quality and obtained better recall scores. They also employed more critical processing relevant to synthesis when reading the sources. This study provides insight on how recursivity is involved in argumentative writing but still there is need for further research.
Early Career Innovations in Science Education Research: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Georgiou Helen , Mills Reece , Wilson Kimberley 
Published: October 2023

AbstractScience education research has typically been aligned with a collection of familiar topics and ideas. However, the field, like many others, is becoming ever more varied as it responds to a range of remarkable social, cultural, and technological changes. In this paper, the Guest Editors of Research in Science Education’s Special Issue ‘Early Career Innovations in Science Education Research’ reflect on the future directions of research represented in both the Early Career Researcher submissions to the Special Issue and a brief survey administered to the journal’s Editorial Board members. We report on trends related to new, divergent, and creative innovations, situating these innovations in the context of the history of the field as represented by one of the world’s leading science education journals.
Procedural Justice and the Design of Administrative Dispute Resolution Procedures
Authors: Wever Marc , Ybema Jan Fekke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAre certain characteristics of dispute resolution procedures associated with higher levels of procedural justice? We address this question through a quantitative analysis of real-world experiences of 194 professional legal representatives with the objection procedures of 81 Dutch administrative authorities. In our analysis, two general procedural characteristics are taken into account: the involvement of an independent third party and the extent to which the procedure is focused on the conciliation of competing interests. The involvement of an independent third party was not associated with higher levels of procedural justice. Procedures that were perceived to be more focused on the conciliation of competing interests were evaluated as more procedurally just, even more so in disputes where the administrative authority was perceived to have a higher degree of discretion and in disputes that ended in a negative result for the litigant.
Bodily sense and structural content
Authors: Skrzypulec Błażej 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBodily awareness seems to present the body as a topologically connected whole, composed of many parts. In consequence, the source of topological and mereological content of bodily awareness comes into question. In particular, it may be asked whether (a) such content is provided by the bodily sense, i.e., sensory mechanisms which, like proprioception, presents the body “from the inside,” or (b) it is a product of “exteroceptive” elements of bodily awareness, which represents the body “from the outside” in a similar way to that of other physical objects. This paper argues that while passive touch and proprioception are unlikely to present the body as a topological and a mereological whole, such content is likely to be provided by kinesthesis. In consequence, it is plausible that holistic topological and mereological bodily content is present in virtue of certain mechanisms of bodily sense.
Analysis of Charge Distributions in Functional Transition-Metal Tellurides
Authors: Steinberg Simon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe design of new materials showing the requested features for catalytic applications and future technologies demands a thorough knowledge of their electronic structures, because the interpretations of the electronic structures provide invaluable information regarding the materials properties. Such analyses of the electronic structures often include determinations of the distributions of charges, as many properties correspond to the transfers of charges. Therefore, an analytical tool was recently established to determine Mulliken and Löwdin charges from the results of quantumchemical computations based on the widely employed plane waves. Herein, the aforementioned population analytical tool is briefly introduced, and its recent applications to a series of functional (transition-metal) tellurides, i.e. SnTe, YTe, Cu7Te4, and Ag5 − xTe3 (− 0.25 ≤ x ≤ 1.44), are reviewed. While the tellurides are discussed with regard to their structural features, their electronic peculiarities, and the feasible fields of applications, the results of the quantumchemical explorations of these tellurides clearly indicate that the population analytical tool is a robust means to reveal the charge distributions in extended systems.
Evaluation of water from Lake Coatetelco in central-south Mexico and surrounding groundwater wells for drinking and irrigation, and the possible health risks
Authors: Roy Priyadarsi D. , García-Arriola Oscar Agesandro , Selvam Sekar , Vargas-Martínez Irma Gabriela , Sánchez-Zavala José Luis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to an increasing reduction of hydrological resources across Mexico and their growing contamination from global warming and anthropogenic activities, this study evaluated water from the perennial Lake Coatetelco (Ca–Mg–HCO3) in tropical central-southern Mexico and groundwater (Ca–Mg–HCO3 and Na–HCO3–Cl) from the surrounding wells for drinking as well as irrigation qualities. Comparison with the WHO guidelines and the estimated water quality indices (DWQI and IWQI) grouped almost all the samples collected after the warm season rainfall in excellent and good categories (DWQI < 100) for drinking, even though fluoride remained > 1.5 mg/L in 50% samples. Except for one groundwater sample, all showed > 25% permeability (classes I and II) in Donnen classification indicating their suitability for irrigation. USSL and Wilcox classifications, however, catalogued some in the high-salinity hazard group and some as doubtful for irrigating regular plants. Samples from about 53% wells were also in high and severe restriction categories of IWQI for the irrigation. Total Hazard Quotient Index (THQI) for estimating the non-carcinogenic risk (HQfluoride > 1) showed that at least one lake water sample and 53% of groundwater might expose the adult and child population to dental and skeletal fluorosis. This water quality assessment data posterior to the rainfall season could be useful as a baseline for both the short- and long-term monitoring in attention to the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal 6.
Innovation for improving climate-related data—Lessons learned from setting up a data hub
Authors: Doll Hendrik Christian , Alves Werb Gabriela 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this article, we present a framework to assess the challenges in the climate-related data landscape. From our perspective, we describe challenges and opportunities for innovation to close existing gaps in selected data quality dimensions for central banks and statistical offices. We further examine the role of networks in promoting innovation and international collaboration, highlighting practical experiences with a case study of the Sustainable Finance Data Hub at the Deutsche Bundesbank. Finally, we discuss how these lessons can provide avenues to enhance data quality in central banks and official statistics and outline directions for future research.