bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Serum Leptin Levels and Some Anthropometric Parameters among Women of Reproductive Age in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Waribo Helen A. , Igoh Matthias H. , Ibama Onengiyeofori , Elechi-Amadi Kemzi N. , Bartimaeus Ebirien-Agana S. 
Published: November 2023

Aim: To evaluate and correlate the levels of leptin levels and some anthropometric parameters among women of reproductive age in Port Harcourt.
Study Design: The population of women of reproductive age in Port Harcourt Local Government Area was sampled. The subjects were selected using simple random technique.
Methodology: The study involved 150 subjects, who were within the age bracket of 20 and 60 years, who had given their informed consent to participate in this study, and were without chronic condition or undergoing any medical treatment or procedure. The anthropometric parameters, such as body mass index (BMI), Waist-to-Hip ratio (WHR) were obtained using appropriate techniques. Three milliliters (3ml) of venous blood was collected into plain bottles for the assay of leptin (using ELISA technique).
Results: The mean values of the BMI and WHR were 28.72 ± 10.31kg/m2 and 0.83 ± 0.22 respectively. These were above the reference ranges. Leptin (3.56 ± 0.93ng/ml) was within the reference range.The results also show that the BMI and WHR correlated positively with the leptin levels. Also, BMI,WHR and leptin values increased with age.
Conclusion: There was positive correlation between leptin levels and all the anthropometric parameters showing that there might be a tendency of the population under study to be over weighted and obese. It is recommended that these parameters be monitored in women of reproductive age as part of the assessment of their health status.
Assessing Early Atherosclerosis by Detecting and Imaging of Hypochlorous Acid and Phosphorylation Using Fluorescence Nanoprobe
Authors: Lu Jun , Li Zongying , Lu Mengmeng , Fan Nannan , Zhang Wei , Li Ping , Tang Yue , Yin Xia , Zhang Wen , Wang Hui , Tang Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe assessment of early atherosclerosis (AS) is of great significance for the early diagnosis and mechanism research. Herein, a novel nanoprobe PCN@FL is developed to realize the simultaneous detection and imaging of phosphorylation and hypochlorous acid (HClO). The selective recognition of HClO is achieved through the specific interaction between DMTC and HClO, while the levels of phosphorylation are detected via the specific interaction between Zr (IV) and phosphates. The nanoprobe can be utilized to monitor the fluctuations in HClO and phosphate in early atherosclerosis. It is observed that the levels of HClO and phosphate in the serum of early AS mice are higher than those of the normal mice. Ultimately, the levels of hypochlorous acid and phosphorylation in the inner wall of aortic vessels are imaged by two‐photon microscope. The results show that the levels of HClO and phosphorylation in the early atherosclerotic mice are significantly higher than those of in normal mice. The nanoprobe provides a suitable fluorescent tool for simultaneous detection and imaging of HClO and phosphorylation, which holds promise for early atherosclerotic disease assessment.
Microfluidic‐Assisted 3D Printing Zinc Powder Anode with 2D Conductive MOF/MXene Heterostructures for High‐Stable Zinc−Organic Battery
Authors: Lu Hongyu , Hu Jisong , Zhang Kaiqi , Zhao Jingxin , Deng Shenzhen , Li Yujie , Xu Bingang , Pang Huan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractZinc powder (Zn‐P) anodes have significant advantages in terms of universality and machinability compared with Zn foil anodes. However, their rough surface, which has a high surface area, intensifies the uncontrollable growth of Zn dendrites and parasitic side reactions. In this study, an anti‐corrosive Zn‐P‐based anode with a functional layer formed from a MXene and Cu‐THBQ (MXene/Cu‐THBQ) heterostructure is successfully fabricated via microfluidic‐assisted 3D printing. The unusual anti‐corrosive and strong adsorption of Zn ions using the MXene/Cu‐THBQ functional layer can effectively homogenize the Zn ion flux and inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) during the repeated process of Zn plating/stripping, thus achieving stable Zn cycling. Consequently, a symmetric cell based on Zn‐P with the MXene/Cu‐THBQ anode exhibits a highly reversible cycling of 1800 h at 2 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, a Zn‐organic full battery matched with a 4‐hydroxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl organic cathode riveted on graphene delivers a high reversible capacity and maintains a long cycle life.
Halide Substituted Ammonium Salt Optimized Buried Interface for Efficient and Stable Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: An Ziqi , Zhu Yanqing , Luo Gan , Hou Peiran , Hu Min , Li Wangnan , Huang Fuzhi , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Park Hyesung , Lu Jianfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLow‐temperature solution processing of the perovskite layer enables the fabrication of flexible devices. However, the performance of flexible perovskite solar cells (f‐PSCs) lags far behind their rigid counterpart in terms of efficiency and stability. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the quality of the buried interface between perovskite and transporting layer underneath is the key point. Herein, a class of novel halide substituted ammonium salts, i.e., n‐bromophenethylammonium (n‐Br‐PEAX, n = 2 or 4, X = Cl or Br) are designed and synthesized to modify the buried interface as well as the perovskite crystallization of f‐PSCs. It is found that the ammonium salt with rational design molecular structure can modify the crystallization speed of perovskite, leading to the formation of a compact and uniform morphology without nanovoids at the interface. As a result, the efficiency of f‐PSCs is improved from 15.4% to 20.2%. Moreover, the modified devices without encapsulation retain 86% of their initial performance after 1000 h of aging at ambient conditions and 87% after 290 h of continuous operation.
Highly two‐photon and X‐ray excited long‐persistent luminescence in a crystalline host‐guest aggregate
Authors: Zhang Qiang‐Sheng , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , Zhuang Jia‐Yi , Pan Mei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs a unique type of supramolecular self‐assemblies, crystalline host‐guest aggregates have attracted extensive interests in multiple application fields. Herein, a crystalline host‐guest aggregate LIFM‐HG1 was obtained with curcubit[8]uril as the host and carboxypyridinium salt as the guest. Single‐crystal structural analysis indicates that the presence of abundant weak interactions in LIFM‐HG1 provides a rigid environment for the guest molecule and effectively blocks the external quenchers. Spectral analysis and theoretical calculations confirm the presence of robust triplet energy levels in LIFM‐HG1. Even more impressively, the intersystem crossing channels of the guest molecules are greatly opened up after the formation of the crystalline host‐guest aggregate, resulting in a large kisc of 6.70 × 107 s−1 at room temperature for LIFM‐HG1 (which is ∼0 for pure guest), leading to fascinating multichannel (including one‐photon, two‐photon, and X‐ray) excited LPL properties. In addition, the crystalline LIFM‐HG1 has a much higher triplet state luminescence efficiency under X‐ray and two‐photon excitation than that under single‐photon excitation (AP/AF = 86.8, 44.8, 10.7 under the three circumstances, respectively). And the phosphorescent emission intensity of LIFM‐HG1 is 27.6 times higher than that of the crystalline guest under X‐ray excitation. As a result, LIFM‐HG1 shows a long afterglow retention time under both single‐ and two‐photon excitation, and an impressive afterglow retention time of 1 s under X‐ray excitation. Furthermore, the excellent lysosomal targeting and low cytotoxicity by the formation of host‐guest aggregate makes LIFM‐HG1 promising to be used as a novel lysosomal‐targeted two‐photon excited phosphorescent tracer.
High‐efficiency Electroreduction of O2 into H2O2 over ZnCo Bimetallic Triazole Frameworks Promoted by Ligand Activation
Authors: Li Zi‐Meng , Zhang Chao‐Qi , Liu Chao , Zhang Hong‐Wei , Song Hao , Zhang Zhi‐Qiang , Wei Guang‐Feng , Bao Xiao‐Jun , Yu Cheng‐Zhong , Yuan Pei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCo‐based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as electrocatalysts for two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) are highly promising for H2O2 production, but suffer from the intrinsic activity‐selectivity trade‐off. Herein, we report a ZnCo bimetal‐triazole framework (ZnCo‐MTF) as high‐efficiency 2e− ORR electrocatalysts. The experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the coordination between 1,2,3‐triazole and Co increases the antibonding‐orbital occupancy on the Co−N bond, promoting the activation of Co center. Besides, the adjacent Zn−Co sites on 1,2,3‐triazole enable an asymmetric “side‐on” adsorption mode of O2, favoring the reduction of O2 molecules and desorption of OOH* intermediate. By virtue of the unique ligand effect, the ZnCo‐MTF exhibits a 2e− ORR selectivity of ≈100 %, onset potential of 0.614 V and H2O2 production rate of 5.55 mol gcat−1 h−1, superior to the state‐of‐the‐art zeolite imidazole frameworks. Our work paves the way for the design of 2e− ORR electrocatalysts with desirable coordination and electronic structure.
Optical Cavity Design and Functionality for Molecular Strong Coupling
Authors: Hirai Kenji , Andell Hutchison James , Uji‐i Hiroshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOptical cavity/molecule strong coupling offers attractive opportunities to modulate photochemical or photophysical processes. When atoms or molecules are placed in an optical cavity, they can coherently exchange photonic energy with optical cavity vacuum fields, entering the strong coupling interaction regime. Recent work suggests that the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of molecules can be significantly changed by strong coupling, resulting in the emergence of intriguing photochemical and photophysical phenomena. As more and more physico‐chemical systems are studied under strong coupling conditions, optical cavities have also advanced in their sophistication, responsiveness, and (multi)functionality. In this review, we highlight some of these recent developments, particularly focusing on Fabry–Perot microcavities.
Synthesis of Waixenicin A: Exploring Strategies for Nine‐Membered Ring Formation
Authors: Steinborn Christian , Huber Tatjana , Lichtenegger Julian , Plangger Immanuel , Höfler Denis , Schnell Simon D. , Weisheit Lara , Mayer Peter , Wurst Klaus , Magauer Thomas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present a comprehensive account on our efforts behind the recently published synthesis of waixenicin A. Our approach for constructing the dihydropyran ring relied on an Achmatowicz rearrangement. For the assembly of the nine‐membered ring, four distinct strategies were investigated. Our initial attempts using radical‐based addition/fragmentation reactions targeting the C7−C11 bond proved unsuitable for accessing the 6/9‐bicycle. By employing anionic fragmentation conditions at the furfuryl alcohol stage, we successfully reached a 5/9‐bicycle. However, subsequent ring‐expansion was unsuccessful. Alternative approaches, such as Nozaki–Hiyama–Kishi or Heck reactions to connect the C6−C7 bond, also encountered difficulties, with no nine‐membered ring formation observed. Our first breakthrough came from our attempts to install the C5−C6 bond via an intramolecular alkylation. Surprisingly, subsequent functional group modifications proved unexpectedly challenging, necessitating a redesign of our synthetic route. Drawing from all our investigations, we concluded that construction of the C9−C10 bond would enable efficient nine‐membered ring alkylation and would facilitate the installation of the desired substitution pattern along the southern periphery. Exploration of this strategy yielded further surprises but ultimately led to the successful synthesis of waixenicin A and 9‐deacetoxy‐14,15‐deepoxyxeniculin. For the latter compound, a bioinspired one‐step rearrangement to xeniafauranol A was achieved.
Climate change causes declines and greater extremes in wetland inundation in a region important for wetland birds
Authors: Londe David W. , Davis Craig A. , Loss Scott R. , Robertson Ellen P. , Haukos David A. , Hovick Torre J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWetland ecosystems are vital for maintaining global biodiversity, as they provide important stopover sites for many species of migrating wetland‐associated birds. However, because weather determines their hydrologic cycles, wetlands are highly vulnerable to effects of climate change. Although changes in temperature and precipitation resulting from climate change are expected to reduce inundation of wetlands, few efforts have been made to quantify how these changes will influence the availability of stopover sites for migratory wetland birds. Additionally, few studies have evaluated how climate change will influence interannual variability or the frequency of extremes in wetland availability. For spring and fall bird migration in seven ecoregions in the south‐central Great Plains of North America, we developed predictive models associating abundance of inundated wetlands with a suite of weather and land cover variables. We then used these models to generate predictions of wetland inundation at the end of the century (2069–2099) under future climate change scenarios. Climate models predicted the average number of inundated wetlands will likely decline during both spring and fall migration periods, with declines being greatest in the eastern ecoregions of the southern Great Plains. However, the magnitude of predicted declines varied considerably across climate models and ecoregions, with uncertainty among climate models being greatest in the High Plains ecoregion. Most ecoregions also were predicted to experience more‐frequent extremely dry years (i.e., years with extremely low wetland abundances), but the projected change in interannual variability of wetland inundation was relatively small and varied across ecoregions and seasons. Because the south‐central Great Plains represents an important link along the migratory routes of many wetland‐dependent avian species, future declines in wetland inundation and more frequent periods of only a few wetlands being inundated will result in an uncertain future for migratory birds as they experience reduced availability of wetland stopover habitat across their migration pathways.
High‐risk human papillomavirus distribution according to human immunodeficiency virus status among women with cervical cancer in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, 2018 to 2020
Authors: Boni Simon P. , Tenet Vanessa , Horo Apollinaire , Heideman Daniëlle A. M. , Bleeker Maaike C. G. , Tanon Aristophane , Mian Boston , Mohenou Isidore D. , Ekouevi Didier K. , Gheit Tarik , Didi‐Kouko Coulibaly Judith , Tchounga Boris K. , Adoubi Innocent , Clifford Gary M. , Jaquet Antoine ,   on behalf The IeDEA West Africa Collaboration
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs human papillomavirus (HPV) immunisation and HPV‐based cervical cancer (CC) screening programmes expand across sub‐Saharan Africa, we investigated the potential impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status on high‐risk (HR)‐HPV distribution among women with CC in Côte d'Ivoire. From July 2018 to June 2020, paraffin‐embedded CC specimens diagnosed in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire were systematically collected and tested for HR‐HPV DNA. Type‐specific HR‐HPV prevalence was compared according to HIV status. Of the 170 CC specimens analysed (median age 52 years, interquartile range: [43.0‐60.0]), 43 (25.3%) were from women living with HIV (WLHIV) with a median CD4 count of 526 [373‐833] cells/mm3 and 86% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART). The overall HR‐HPV prevalence was 89.4% [95% CI: 84.7‐94.1]. All were single HR‐HPV infections with no differences according to HIV status (P = .8). Among HR‐HPV‐positive CC specimens, the most prevalent HR‐HPV types were HPV16 (57.2%), HPV18 (19.7%), HPV45 (8.6%) and HPV35 (4.6%), with no significant differences according to HIV status. Altogether, infection with HPV16/18 accounted for 71.1% [95% CI: 55.9‐86.2] of CC cases in WLHIV vs 78.9% [95% CI: 71.3‐86.5] in women without HIV (P = .3). The study confirms the major role of HPV16/18 in CC in Côte d'Ivoire and should support a regional scale‐up of HPV16/18 vaccination programmes regardless of HIV status. However, vaccines targeting additional HR‐HPV types, including HPV45 and HPV35, could further decrease future CC incidence in Côte d'Ivoire, both for WLHIV and women without HIV.
Is There a Need for a Dedicated Pharmacokinetic Trial for a Drug in Obese Populations? A Drug Prioritization Decision Tree Framework
Authors: Langevin Brooke , Gobburu Jogarao V.S. , Gopalakrishnan Mathangi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObesity is a growing global health concern associated with high comorbidity rates, leading to an increasing number of patients who are obese requiring medication. However, clinical trials often exclude or under‐represent individuals who are obese, creating the need for a methodology to adjust labeling to ensure safe and effective dosing for all patients. To address this, we developed a 2‐part decision tree framework to prioritize drugs for dedicated pharmacokinetic studies in obese subjects. Leveraging current drug knowledge and modeling techniques, the decision tree system predicts expected exposure changes and recommends labeling strategies, allowing stakeholders to prioritize resources toward the drugs most in need. In a case study evaluating 30 drugs from literature across different therapeutic areas, our first decision tree predicted the expected direction of exposure change accurately in 73% of cases. We conclude that this decision tree system offers a valuable tool to advance research in obesity pharmacology and personalize drug development for patients who are obese, ensuring safe and effective medication.
Dosing Strategy of Immunoglobulin (IgG) Replacement Therapies in Obese and Overweight Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (PIDDs): A Meta‐Analysis of Clinical Trials
Authors: Zhou Tingting , Tegenge Million A. , Golding Basil , Scott John 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe current dosing strategy of immune globulin products for the treatment of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDDs) in the USA is based on total body weight (BW). The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between dose and trough level, and to determine whether an alternative dosing strategy should be considered for patients who are overweight or obese. We analyzed data in a total of 533 patients from 11 studies. We modeled the relationship between trough level and dose per week using a linear mixed model. We used an over‐dispersed Poisson model to model the relationship between infection and trough level. In these analyses, we then combined the study‐specific treatment effects using a random‐effect or fixed‐effect model. The mean administered dose per week was 9.77, 14.00, or 18.17 g in patients who were normal weight, overweight, or obese, respectively. Compared with a patient of normal weight, a 1 g increase in dose per week in a patient who was overweight was associated with a smaller increase in the trough level, 0.08 g/L less (95%CI –0.14 to –0.03 g/L), and a 1 g increase in dose per week in a patient who was obese was associated with a much smaller increase in trough level, 0.01 g/L less (95% CI –0.07 to 0.06 g/L). Last, for a 1 unit (g/L) increase in trough level, the expected number of infections remained the same, with a multiplicative factor of 1.01 (95%CI 0.98‐1.04). Overall, we found no compelling evidence to justify a reconsideration of the current dosing strategy based on total BW for patients with PIDDs who are overweight or obese.
Child and Adolescent Bariatric Surgery in an Urban Tertiary Center: Special Anesthetic Considerations for Obesity
Authors: Vaughns Janelle D. , McCullough‐Roach Reaundra , Williams Elaine F. , Nadler Evan P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChildren and adolescents with obesity who present for weight loss surgery are a unique subset of patients. A thorough understanding of the perioperative needs of these individuals is essential to avoid deleterious complications. This review illustrates the necessity for specialized care, including the continued need of specified drug dosing and a systematic approach in the management of the pediatric bariatric patient.
Split fertilizer nitrogen application with a cereal rye cover crop reduces tile nitrate loads in a corn–soybean rotation
Authors: Gentry Lowell E. , Green John M. , Mitchell Corey A. , Andino Luis F. , Rolf Michelle K. , Schaefer D. , Nafziger Emerson D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSplitting fertilizer nitrogen (N) applications and using cover crops are management strategies to reduce nitrate in tile drainage water. We investigated split fertilizer N applications to corn (Zea mays L.) on crop yields and tile nitrate loss in both corn and soybean (Glycine max L.) in rotation from 2016 through 2019. We evaluated the inclusion of cover crops in a split‐N treatment. Fertilizer N treatments included 100% in the fall; 50% in the fall + 25% at planting + 25% at side‐dress; 100% as spring preplant; 75% as spring preplant (reduced N rate); 50% as spring preplant + 50% at side‐dress; and 50% as spring preplant + 50% at side‐dress with a cover crop. We did not find significant differences between split and single full rate N application treatments for corn yields or tile nitrate loss; however, the reduced N rate treatment significantly decreased corn yield by 10%. Cumulative tile nitrate losses (over four seasons) ranged from 115 kg ha−1 for all of the N in the fall to 65 kg ha−1 for 50% as spring preplant + 50% at side‐dress with a cover crop, a decrease of 43%. Tile nitrate loss responded similarly to (corn) N treatments under both corn and soybean, with 64% of the loss under corn and 36% under soybean. Our results suggest that decreasing the fertilizer N rate may impact corn yield more than nitrate loss, while split fertilizer N application with a cover crop has potential to reduce tile nitrate loss without decreasing crop yield.
Boron deficiency responses in maize (Zea mays L.) roots
Authors: Bienert Manuela Désirée , Junker Astrid , Melzer Michael , Altmann Thomas , von Wirén Nicolaus , Bienert Gerd Patrick 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundBoron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plants. Dicot plants respond to insufficient B supply by altering root architecture and root hair growth. How root systems of rather low‐B demanding monocot species such as maize (Zea mays L.) respond to B deficiency in terra has not been experimentally resolved, yet.AimsThe study aims to investigate root responses and their physiological consequences under B deficiency during the vegetative growth of maize.MethodsB73 wild‐type (WT) maize and its root hairless rth3 mutant were grown under varying B supply conditions in soil columns and in an automated root phenotyping facility. Biomass data, root system architecture traits, the mineral elemental composition and molecular B‐deficiency responses were quantified.ResultsThough having very low leaf B concentrations, no major growth deficit, apart from chlorotic stripes on leaves, was recorded on maize root and shoot development, with or without root hairs, on B‐deficient conditions. Although leaf B concentration of the rth3 mutant is significantly lower under B‐deficient and under B‐surplus conditions compared to the WT, the rth3 mutant neither developed a larger total root length, more fine roots nor displayed a higher expression of B uptake transporters as compensatory adaptations.ConclusionsStrikingly, maize plants did neither react with an inhibited root growth nor by a compensatory root foraging behaviour to severe B‐deficient in terra growth conditions. This is rather atypical for plants. The performance and altered leaf B concentrations of rth3 mutants may be biased by secondary effects, such as an overall reduced root growth.