bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D‐Printed Multi‐scale Fluidics for Liquid Metals
Authors: Smith Gabriel L. , Gesell Ava S. , Restaino Michael , Tyler Joshua B. , Xu Xin , Sochol Ryan D. , Bergbreiter Sarah , Lazarus Nathan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRoom‐temperature eutectic Gallium Indium (eGaIn)‐based devices offer stretchable, conductive, and reconfigurable properties for robotics, communications, and medicine. Microfluidics enables eGaIn device creation, but these typically have larger feature sizes. Recent three‐dimensional (3D) printing advancements, particularly direct laser writing (DLW), allow for sub‐100 µm microfluidic devices. However, interfacing DLW microfluidics with larger systems poses challenges in channel resist removal, eGaIn filling, and electrical integration, limiting micro‐scale liquid metal device application.
This study introduces a multiscale, cost‐effective, three‐step process combining DLW‐fluidic microchannels with centimeter‐scale substrates made via stereolithography (SLA). It establishes a robust interface between independently printed materials and simplifies eGaIn filling in microfluidic channels as small as 50 µm, potentially enabling smaller liquid metal features. The research also presents eGaIn coils with 43–770 mΩ resistance and 2–4 nH inductance. This process facilitates low‐temperature, conductive, flexible interfaces for sensors, actuators, and circuits, and expands the range for size‐dependent properties of passive electronic components like resistors, capacitors, and inductors from liquid metal.
Visible Metalenses with High Focusing Efficiency Fabricated Using Nanoimprint Lithography
Authors: McClung Andrew , Torfeh Mahsa , Einck Vincent J. , Watkins James J. , Arbabi Amir 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetasurfaces enable precise control over the properties of light and hold promise for commercial applications. However, fabricating visible metasurfaces suitable for high‐volume production is challenging and requires scalable processes. Nanoimprint lithography is a cost‐effective and high‐throughput technique that can meet this scalability requirement. This work presents a mask‐templating nanoimprint lithography process for fabricating metasurfaces with varying fill factors and negligible wavefront aberrations using composite stamps. As a proof‐of‐concept, a 6 mm diameter metalens formed of silicon nitride nano‐posts with a numerical aperture of 0.2 that operates at 550 nm is demonstrated. The nanoimprinted metalens achieves a peak focusing efficiency of (81 ± 1)%, comparable to the control metalens made with electron beam lithography with a focusing efficiency of (89 ± 1)%. Spatially resolved deflection efficiency and wavefront data, which informs design and process optimization, is also presented. These results highlight nanoimprint lithography as a cost‐effective, scalable method for visible metasurface fabrication that has potential for widespread adoption in consumer electronics and imaging systems.
Electrically Triggered Color‐Changing Materials: Mechanisms, Performances, and Applications
Authors: Jia Ruiming , Xiang Shuhong , Wang Yuechuan , Chen Hong , Xiao Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrically triggered color‐changing materials, termed as electrochromic materials, offer precise and programmable color transistions through the manipulation of electric field frequency and amplitude. They are used as displays, sensors, military camouflage, wearable devices, and anticounterfeiting materials. Their future advancements depend on clear understanding of the color change mechanisms and pros/cons between different electrochromic materials. To this end, we starts by categorizing electrochromism into two classes according to color production mechanism: chemical color‐based and physical color‐based. Within the former, color emerges from chemical molecules selectively absorbing specific wavelengths of light and color changes stem from electrochemical redox reactions. The latter, meanwhile, hinges upon electrically induced alterations in the geometries, dimensions, or arrangements of nano/micro structures, such as photonic crystals and plasmonic nanostructures. The principles of color changes in both categories are detailed, and compare their differences in terms of response time, operating voltage, degree of color change, and stability. At the end, their applications will be discussed spanning from smart windows to color display, dynamic camouflage, energy storage, and thermal management. This critical review is aimed to provide multidisciplinary insights that will benefit both novices and seasoned experts engaged in fundamental exploration or practical investigations of electrochromic materials.
Wireless Magnetoelectrochemical Induction of Rotational Motion
Authors: Tieriekhov Kostiantyn , Sojic Neso , Bouffier Laurent , Salinas Gerardo , Kuhn Alexander 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectromagnetically induced rotation is a key process of many technological systems that are used in daily life, especially for energy conversion. In this context, the Lorentz force‐induced deviation of charges is a crucial physical phenomenon to generate rotation. Herein, they combine the latter with the concept of bipolar electrochemistry to design a wireless magnetoelectrochemical rotor. Such a device can be considered as a wet analog of a conventional electric motor. The main driving force that propels this actuator is the result of the synergy between the charge‐compensating ion flux along a bipolar electrode and an external magnetic field applied orthogonally to the surface of the object. The trajectory of the wirelessly polarized rotor can be controlled by the orientation of the magnetic field relative to the direction of the global electric field, producing a predictable clockwise or anticlockwise motion. Fine‐tuning of the applied electric field allows for addressing conducting objects having variable characteristic lengths.
Multiple Energy Transfer Channels in Rare Earth Doped Multi‐Exciton Emissive Perovskites
Authors: Li Huwei , Han Kai , Li Zheyu , Yue Hongxia , Fu Xinyu , Wang Xinyu , Xia Zhiguo , Song Shuyan , Feng Jing , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRevealing the energy transfer (ET) process from excitons to rare earth ions in halide perovskites has great guiding value for designing optoelectronic materials. Here, the multiple ET channels in multi‐exciton emissive Sb3+/Nd3+ co‐doped Cs2ZrCl6 are explored to comprehend the ET processes. Förster–Dexter ET theory reveals that the sensitizer concentration rather than the overlap integral of the spectra plays the leading function in the comparison of the ET efficiency among multiple ET channels from the host self‐trapped excitons (STEs) and dopant triplet STEs to Nd3+ ions. Besides, Sb3+/Nd3+ co‐doped Cs2ZrCl6 enables varied color delivery and has great potential as anti‐counterfeiting material. Under X‐ray irradiation, Sb3+/Nd3+ co‐doped Cs2ZrCl6 presents a high light yield of ≈13300 photons MeV−1 and promising X‐ray imaging ability. This work provides new insight for investigating the ET efficiency among multiple ET processes and presents great potentiality of multi‐exciton emissive perovskites in the fields of anti‐counterfeiting and X‐ray imaging.
Intermediate Phase Modification Enables High‐Performance Iodine‐Rich Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with 3000‐Hour Stability
Authors: Ma Simin , Xue Xiaoyang , Wang Kang , Wen Qian , Han Yunhui , Wang Jiaqi , Yao Hui , Lu Hui , Cui Lihua , Ma Jinfu , Zhang Lu , Liu Lu , Zhang Haoxiang , Farhadi Bita , Wang Kai , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe presence of excess secondary‐phase PbI2 in perovskite films shows a negative impact on their long‐term stability. Herein, an intermediate phase modification (IPM) strategy is proposed to eliminate residual PbI2 for improved quality of all‐inorganic CsPbI3‐type perovskite films, wherein the extrinsic agent is introduced to address the intermediate phase. By transforming residual PbI2 into a novel 1D perovskite phase, the IPM strategy acts as a patch to suture grain boundaries in the inorganic perovskite films. In addition, the IPM strategy not only enhances the quality of perovskite films but also mitigates energy disorder, reduces trap state density, and prolongs carrier lifetime by expediting the intermediate phase conversion process and passivating surface defects. As such, the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ≈20% and a high fill factor of 83.3% are considered to be very efficient, with excellent shelf stability of 3000 h of exposure in air without any encapsulation. This work not only exhibits a novel optimization route for inorganic perovskite but also emphasizes the crucial role of eliminating residual PbI2 in inorganic perovskites.
Reactivities of Photoredox Generated Nickel‐Nucleophilic Reactive Organometallic Species
Authors: Gualandi Andrea , Calogero Francesco , Corbisiero Dario , Pinosa Emanuele , Cozzi Pier Giorgio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDual photoredox catalysis has revolutionized the field of cross‐coupling reactions, enabling the discovery of numerous highly efficient reactions. This breakthrough is attributed to the exceptional combination of nickel catalysis with photoredox catalysis. Nickel exhibits both oxidative addition and reductive elimination processes, and a wide range of oxidation states (ranging from I to IV) accessible within a single catalytic cycle. Furthermore, nickel complexes are capable of catalyzing various processes through radical mechanisms. The latest feature has proven to be incredibly potent in facilitating the formation of new C−C and C−X bonds (X=H, O, S, N). The powerful combination of photoredox and nickel catalysis reveals an expansive domain of unexplored possibilities. It offers unparalleled opportunities for improving reactions and exploring innovative pathways. Under photoredox conditions, it is possible to form nucleophilic reactive organometallic intermediates, useful in reaction with electrophiles. We have devoted a research program towards the rediscovery and use of organometallic reagents, introduced by Corey, Hegedus, and Semmelack many years ago. The results unveiled the extraordinary capabilities of photoredox catalysis, enabling the creation and efficient utilization of potent nucleophilic organometallic reagents under mild conditions, free from the need for strong bases or stoichiometric metal reductants.
Blood‐based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive function from mid‐ to late life
Authors: Wang Xin , Bakulski Kelly M. , Karvonen‐Gutierrez Carrie A. , Park Sung Kyun , Morgan David , Albin Roger L. , Paulson Henry L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe investigated associations of Alzheimer's disease (AD) serum biomarkers with longitudinal changes in cognitive function from mid‐ to late life among women.METHODSThe study population included 192 women with the median age of 53.3 years at baseline, from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Michigan Cohort, followed up over 14 years. Associations between baseline serum amyloid β (Aβ)42, the Aβ42/40 ratio, phosphorylated tau181 (p‐tau181), and total tau with longitudinal changes in cognition were evaluated using linear mixed effects models.RESULTSAfter adjusting for confounders, lower Aβ42/40 ratios were associated with faster declines in the Digit Span Backward Test. Higher p‐tau181 also showed a borderline statistically significant association with more rapid decline in the Symbol Digit Modalities Test.DISCUSSIONOur findings suggest that mid‐life serum AD biomarkers could be associated with accelerated cognitive decline from mid‐ to late life in women. Future studies with larger samples are needed to validate and extend our findings.HighlightsThis study investigates midlife serum AD biomarkers on longitudinal cognitive function changes in women.Mid‐life serum AD biomarkers are associated with accelerated cognitive decline.A decrease in the Aβ42/40 ratio was associated with a faster decline in the DSB score.A higher p‐tau181 concentration was associated with a faster decline in the SDMT score.
Dual Nature of Thiophene Harnessed in the Design of Near‐Infrared Emitters via Antiaromaticity Relief
Authors: Nowak‐Król Agnieszka 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) emitters are of great interest for applications in bioimaging and modern technology. Yet the design of such materials with decent characteristics is challenging due to intrinsic limitations. In a recent article, Murai and Yamaguchi report the synthesis of NIR emitters with appreciable fluorescence quantum yields reaching 0.02 at 878 nm in CH2Cl2 solution. The low band gaps were achieved by a new design strategy exploiting antiaromaticity relief. This concept was realized for compounds consisting of an antiaromatic azepine central ring fused to thiophene moieties. In these systems, thiophene unfolds its dual nature. On the one hand, it contributes to the high antiaromaticity of azepine; on the other hand, it exerts a stabilizing effect on azepine through the formation of a quinoid structure, which reduces its antiaromaticity and shifts the absorption and emission maxima into the NIR region.
Effect of sesame paste by protease hydrolysis: Physicochemical properties, storage stability, and flavor
Authors: Gao Pan , Ding Yunpeng , Yu Hui , Zhou Tong , Wei Xueding , Zhong Wu , Hu Chuanrong , He Dongping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, the effect of protease hydrolysis on the stability and flavor of a sesame oil–paste system was investigated. The optimum amount of protease addition, determined by testing the effects of protease addition on the improvement in the oil–paste separation of sesame paste (SP), was investigated using 7% neutral protease (NP), 5% papain (PP), 7% trypsin (TP), and 5% flavourzyme (FZ). The flavor differences among these four groups of samples were investigated, and storage experiments were conducted for 28 days to observe the changes in quality. Finally, the principal component analysis (PCA) calculations showed that the samples in the 5% FP group performed the best, with a considerable improvement in the stability of the sesame paste–oil system during storage. The oil separation capacity (OSC) decreased by 9.1% during storage, the acid value (AV) increased by 1.00 mg/g and the peroxide value (POV) increased by 0.3 mmol/kg compared with those of the control group. This group also had the highest total sensory (4.25 score) and nutty (5.83 score) scores based on the total pyrazine content. Therefore, protease hydrolysis has promising application prospects for increasing the stability of sesame paste.
Quick response‐encoded chip engraved onto multifunctional aspirin loaded enteric films by fused filament fabrication‐3D printing
Authors: Lahari Thotapalli , Banerjee Subham 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDigital fabrication technology revolutionizing the pharmaceutical industry, offering patient‐centric personalized medicine with tailored pharmacotherapy. In this study, we demonstrated fused filament fabrication coupled with hot melt extrusion for the fabrication of aspirin (ASP) loaded enteric film engraved onto QR‐encoded polylactic acid films for enteric intestinal specific ASP delivery. Further, QR‐encoded films (QRFs) were formulated and its physicochemical properties were assessed systematically. All the QRFs were scannable and readable. Interestingly, due to the advantage of the plasticizing effect of ASP, the formulation was optimized with drug and polymer ratio excluding the usage of any filler and plasticizers. The compatibility study was assessed by attenuated total reflectance and Raman spectroscopy. The physicochemical evaluation was further performed by scanning electron microscopy, x‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Gastric resistance was assessed via performing dissolution study at gastric pH for 4 h, with a lag phase followed by radical increase in an alkaline for next 8 h. Korsmeyer–Peppas model was found to be the best‐fit mathematical kinetic model (R2 > 0.9475 and n = 0.514). This type of QRFs can help the tailoring doses and patients can know the details of the drug that has to be taken.
A novel output redefinition method for nonlinear H∞attitude stabilization of a flexible spacecraft
Authors: Majid Esmaeilzadeh Seyed , Sadegh Zeyghami Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses a novel output redefinition method for the nonlinear attitude stabilization problem of a flexible spacecraft. As an idea, the flexible appendage tip‐point can be selected as attitude output which may improve attitude pointing accuracy. However, it makes the system non‐minimum phase. The output redefinition method is an effective method to make the system minimum phase. In this paper, a novel output redefinition is proposed to overcome the non‐minimum phase property such that it improves the attitude control system performance. Then, a nonlinear controller is designed based on back‐stepping approach and a modal observer. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in the presence of model uncertainties and environmental disturbances.
Fulfilling modern astrophysical observations and lattice QCD constraints based on a nonlocal NJL model with 3D form factor
Authors: Contrera G. A. , Carlomagno J. P. , Grunfeld A. G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the present work, we employ a nonlocal Nambu–Jona–Lasinio (NJL) model with a Gaussian form factor that is dependent on the spatial components of the momentum (3D‐FF). Focusing on the temperature‐baryon chemical potential plane, we investigate some aspects of the phase diagram. Initially, we propose an assumption that the range of interactions in momentum space may be modified by temperature, allowing us to obtain the critical temperature values based on lattice QCD (LQCD) predictions. Subsequently, we consider this model within a hybrid framework to examine the effects of temperature, together with neutrino trapping, in compact object configurations.
BLM mutation is associated with increased tumor mutation burden and improved survival after immunotherapy across multiple cancers
Authors: Shi Huiping , Gao Liang , Yin Hong , Jiang Min 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBLM encodes a RecQ DNA helicase that regulates genomic stability, and its mutations are associated with increased cancer susceptibility. Here, we show a multifaceted role of BLM mutations in tumorigenesis and immunotherapy.Methods and Results:A total of 10,967 cancer samples from the cancer genome atlas database were analyzed, 1.6% of which harbored BLM somatic mutations. BLM mutation was found to be associated with increased tumor mutation burden and more immune‐active tumor microenvironment in these patients. Moreover, clinical data of 2785 patients from nine immunotherapy studies were analyzed to study BLM mutations' impact on immunotherapy. Among them, 69 patients harbored BLM mutations, and interestingly, they had significantly higher survival probability than patients without BLM mutations. Cancer patients with BLM mutations had higher complete response and partial response rates, but lower progressive disease rate than BLM nonmutant patients.ConclusionOur study shows that BLM mutation is related to improved survival after immunotherapy across multiple cancers.
Underrepresentation of Hispanics in clinical trials for liver cancer in the United States over the past 20 years
Authors: Monge Cecilia , Greten Tim F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractImportanceAccurate representation of racial and ethnic population subgroups in clinical trials is fundamental to ensure universal effectiveness of new therapies as well as to decrease disparities in oncology care.ObjectiveTo determine whether Hispanic people are underrepresented in Phase I and II clinical trials for liver cancer in the United States.ParticipantsA database search was performed in clinicaltrials.gov for interventional liver cancer studies based only in the US with reported results from September 1, 2002, to February 1, 2023. A total of 37 trials with 963 total patients met inclusion criteria and were included for further analysis. Proportion of total patients by race/ethnicity was calculated for non‐Hispanic white, non‐Hispanic black, Asian, Hispanic, and American Indian/Alaska Native subpopulations. The age‐adjusted incidence rates of liver and intrahepatic bile duct were acquired from the National Cancer Institute, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.ResultsLiver cancer incidence rates (per 100,000 people) were highest in Indians/Alaska Native people (18.8 cases) followed by Hispanic people (15.1 cases), then Asian people (12.5 cases), then non‐Hispanic black people (11 cases), and non‐Hispanic white people (7.5 cases). From a total of 91 phase I or II clinical trials for liver cancer in the US, 41% reported race/ethnicity enrollment data; among these, 62.8% of patients were non‐Hispanic White, 15.9% were non‐Hispanic black, 8.8% were Hispanic, 12.7% Asian, and 0.5% American Indian/Alaska Native.Conclusions and RelevanceLess than half of phase I or II clinical trials for liver cancer in the US in the last 20 years reported race/ethnicity data to clinicaltrials.gov. Compared to the relative incidence rate of liver cancer, non‐Hispanic black people and Hispanic people are underrepresented in these clinical trials.
An assessment‐based approach to understanding intersectional privilege
Authors: Neal Keith Sheerah , Boyd Danielle Pester , Montgomery Erica , Coleman Monica L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAwareness of intersectional privilege is a theme woven throughout the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCC). However, a paucity of resources exists to guide counselor educators and supervisors in helping counselors‐in‐training (CITs) examine personal positions of privilege embedded within the MSJCC framework. The Intersectional Privilege Screening Inventory (IPSI) is among the first instruments yielding psychometrically valid scores to assess intersectional privilege as a training tool for CITs. We urge counselor educators and supervisors to employ the IPSI to facilitate CIT growth and development in multicultural and social justice counseling. A brief review of the literature on intersectionality, privilege, and intersectional privilege is presented as a foundational context for the broader discussion of the IPSI. We then describe a conceptual approach for using the IPSI in CIT training and development followed by case examples highlighting the IPSI's utility. We conclude with implications for counselor education and supervision.