bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The magnetic field in the Flame nebula
Authors: Bešlić I. , Coudé S. , Lis D. C. , Gerin M. , Goldsmith P. F. , Pety J. , Roueff A. , Demyk K. , Dowell C. D. , Einig L. , Goicoechea J. R. , Levrier F. , Orkisz J. , Peretto N. , Santa-Maria M. G. , Ysard N. , Zakardjian A. 
Published: February 2024

Context.Star formation drives the evolution of galaxies and the cycling of matter between different phases of the interstellar medium and stars. The support of interstellar clouds against gravitational collapse by magnetic fields has been proposed as a possible explanation for the low observed star formation efficiency in galaxies and the Milky Way. ThePlancksatellite provided the first all-sky map of the magnetic field geometry in the diffuse interstellar medium on angular scales of 5–15′. However, higher spatial resolution observations are required to understand the transition from diffuse, subcritical gas to dense, gravitationally unstable filaments.Aims.NGC 2024, also known as the Flame nebula, is located in the nearby Orion B molecular cloud. It contains a young, expanding HIIregion and a dense supercritical filament. This filament harbors embedded protostellar objects and is likely not supported by the magnetic field against gravitational collapse. Therefore, NGC 2024 provides an excellent opportunity to study the role of magnetic fields in the formation, evolution, and collapse of dense filaments, the dynamics of young HIIregions, and the effects of mechanical and radiative feedback from massive stars on the surrounding molecular gas.Methods.We combined new 154 and 216 μm dust polarization measurements carried out using the HAWC+ instrument aboard SOFIA with molecular line observations of12CN(1−0) and HCO+(1−0) from the IRAM 30-m telescope to determine the magnetic field geometry, and to estimate the plane of the sky magnetic field strength across the NGC 2024 HIIregion and the surrounding molecular cloud.Results.The HAWC+ observations show an ordered magnetic field geometry in NGC 2024 that follows the morphology of the expanding HIIregion and the direction of the main dense filament. The derived plane of the sky magnetic field strength is moderate, ranging from 30 to 80 μG. The strongest magnetic field is found at the eastern edge of the HIIregion, characterized by the highest gas densities and molecular line widths. In contrast, the weakest field is found toward the main, dense filament in NGC 2024.Conclusions.We find that the magnetic field has a non-negligible influence on the gas stability at the edges of the expanding HIIshell (gas impacted by stellar feedback) and the filament (site of current star formation).
Fit-For-Purpose Cadaster Architecture for Moroccan Land-Use Planner: Proposal and Perception
Authors: Rissouni Youssef , Jamal ElHassan , Jamil Hicham , Al Ansari Rachid , El Mansouri Bouabid , Chao Jamal , Moumen Aniss 
Published: February 2024

The influx of foreign investment in Morocco necessitates a robust and integrated land information system to support informed decision-making and ensure sustainable growth. The fit-for-purpose cadastre emerges as a promising solution, offering transparency, efficiency, and data-driven land management. However, its full potential remains untapped due to persistent challenges: fragmented data across government agencies, opaque information exchange mechanisms, and outdated infrastructure.
This research delves into these challenges by investigating the perspectives of diverse stakeholders crucial to successful cadastre implementation: land tenure specialists, public policymakers, spatial planners, and investors. Through in-depth interviews, we illuminate the current state of land information management in Morocco, pinpoint critical roadblocks hindering transparency, efficiency, and sustainability, and propose a multi-pronged approach to unlock the transformative potential of a fit-for-purpose cadastre system.
Synthesis of 3,4-Disubstituted Pyrroline Nitroxides Containing Diphenylphosphane or Diphenylphosphane Oxide Substituents
Authors: Kálai Tamás , Balázsi Áron , Bognár Balázs , Jekő József 
Published: February 2024

Abstract(Methyl 4-(diphenylphosphoryl)-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate-1-yl)oxydanyl was obtained as a key intermediate of the reaction starting from 3,4-dibromo-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yloxydanyl or (methyl 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate-1-yl)oxidanyl. This key compound could be converted into an azido-specific Staudinger ligation-inducing spin label, amino- and thiol-specific spin label, or MITO-CP-like antiproliferative agent.
The Effect of Various Preparation and Cementation Techniques of Dental Veneers on Periodontal Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Al-Shorman Hisham M. , Abu-Naba'a Layla A. , Sghaireen Mohammed Ghazi , Alam Mohammad Khursheed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDental veneers are widely used to restore or/and enhance dental aesthetics. However, it is not well understood how various veneer preparation and cementation methods affect periodontal health. To provide a quantitative estimate of the overall effect size of the intervention, this study was conducted to synthesize the available evidence on the impact of various dental veneer preparation and cementation methods on periodontal status. A thorough search strategy was implemented using Medical Subject Headings keywords and Boolean operators across various major databases, guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Nine papers were ultimately selected for inclusion in the review. Seven studies demonstrated a positive impact of dental veneers on overall periodontal health, while two studies reported a slight worsening. The forest plot analyses showed a somewhat protective effect of dental veneers on periodontal health, with odds ratio of 0.18 and relative risk of 0.34, suggesting that dental veneers may have a positive impact on overall periodontal health. The current study, with considerable heterogeneity among the studies, indicates that dental veneers are associated with an overall positive effect on the periodontal health. However, given the variations in study designs, sample sizes, and follow-up times, additional research may be required to confirm and generalize these results.
Assessment of Posterior Maxillary Alveolar Bone for Immediate Implant Placement: A Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Alkhames Hussain M. , Ali Ramy Moustafa Moustafa , Alzouri Sukinah Sameer , Bayome Mohamed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives The aims of this study were to evaluate posterior maxillary alveolar bone dimensions and to compare these dimensions in males and females.
Materials and Methods The sample consisted of 102 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images for 62 male patients (mean age 29.92 ± 9.04 years) and 40 female patients (mean age 29.70 ± 9.54 years). Four distances and three densities were measured; a multivariate analysis of variance and Mann–Whitney's U test were applied to compare the differences between sexes.
Results For the first maxillary molar, there were significant differences between males and females in terms of coronal width (13.95 ± 1.31 and 13.22 ± 1.159 mm, respectively) and middle width (14.28 ± 1.43 and 13.57 ± 1.478 mm, respectively). However, no significant difference was found regarding height (7.93 ± 3.8 mm for both) or apical width (14.68 ± 2 mm for both). Regarding the second maxillary molar, significant differences between males and females were found in terms of coronal width (14.66 ± 1.63 and 13.54 ± 1.512 mm, respectively), middle width (14.35 ± 1.825 and 13.25 ± 1.52 mm, respectively), and height (7.29 ± 3.00 and 8.66 ± 3.16 mm, respectively), whereas the gender dimorphism regarding apical width had borderline significance (14.09 ± 1.731 mm; p = 0.048). No significant differences were found regarding density.
Conclusion The minimum average alveolar bone height for the second maxillary molar region was 7.29 ± 30 mm with significant gender dimorphism. Therefore, CBCT scans should be recommended prior to immediate implant placement.
Zirconia CAD-CAM Crowns Behavior after Intraoral Digital Impression in Normal versus Dysfunctional Patients: 3 Years Retrospective Study
Authors: Ferrini Francesco , Gianfreda Francesco , Bova Francesco , Cattoni Francesca , Bollero Patrizio , Gherlone Enrico , Mastrangelo Filiberto 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance and possible complications of single zirconia crowns fabricated using an intraoral digital computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) protocol in normal and dysfunctional patients after 3 years of follow-up.
Materials and Methods Seventy patients were included in this study. The teeth were prepared with a knife-edge marginal design, and temporary crowns were placed. Digital impressions were taken using optical scanning, and the frameworks were milled using the same technology. The veneering process was performed by the same dental technician. The occlusal corrections were made before cementation. The outcomes were evaluated in terms of survival, failures, and complications. The marginal adaptation of the crowns was also assessed.
Results The digital protocol for single zirconia crowns resulted in satisfactory outcomes, with high rates of survival and minimal complications after 3 years of follow-up. The marginal adaptation of the crowns was excellent, with 93% of the restorations achieving the ideal marginal adaptation, while 7% had minor deviations. Parafunctions were found in 41.9% of the prosthetic rehabilitation, but no significant differences were observed between the normal and dysfunctional groups regarding the survival and complications of the crowns.
Conclusion The digital protocol for single zirconia crowns is a reliable and predictable treatment option, even for patients with parafunction, when proper occlusal corrections are performed before cementation. The use of intraoral digital CAD-CAM technologies with optical impressions can simplify procedures, reduce the workflow time, and minimize the variables linked to the human factor.
Ethical Principles in Plastic Surgery Research
Authors: Prescher Hannes , Vercler Christian J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResearch is an integral part of medical progress that leads to better understanding of disease processes and the development of therapies to improve patient care. The medical community has an obligation and societal responsibility to review its practices and advance its knowledge to optimize care for those who entrust it with their health and well-being. While ultimately intended to benefit patients specifically and society as a whole, every laboratory and clinical investigation inherently carries an element of uncertainty and has attendant risks. These can have unintended and, at times, harmful consequences that cannot justify the knowledge gained. In order to mitigate these risks and protect human subjects involved in clinical research studies, a basic framework of ethical principles has been developed to guide responsible experimental design, execution, and data dissemination. This article provides a review of these principles and the historical context from which they were derived and explores the persistent challenges and cognitive biases that can increase susceptibility to unethical research practices.
Management of Spontaneous Spinal CSF Leaks Using Noninvasive Dynamic MR Neurography: A Case Series
Authors: Suman Prabhat , Lath Rahul , Ranjan Alok , Gurrala Shekhar Reddy , Ipilli Kaushal , Prasad Ravikanti Satya , Vora Tarang K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSpontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak presents with orthostatic headache and may lead to formation of subdural collection. Invasive magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography myelography is routinely used to detect these leaks. Noninvasive dynamic magnetic resonance neurography can also detect these leaks and confirm its resolution post treatment. It includes three-dimensional NerveView, a high-resolution short-tau inversion recovery sequence for better visualization of spinal nerves and leak sites. This article showcases the diagnostic and therapeutic journey of three patients with spontaneous spinal CSF leak all of whom were diagnosed with dynamic magnetic resonance neurography and treated successfully with autologous targeted epidural blood patch. In one case, epidural blood patch was repeated after 2 months for recurrence of the leak.
Playing the Victim: Mockery, compassion, and racialization in premodern English Buffeting plays
Authors: Brazil Sarah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPassion episodes such as the Buffeting are known for the powerful acts of compassion they occasioned within audiences through their performance of violence on the person of Jesus. Few critics, however, have considered that these episodes depend on antisemitic, Islamophobic, and anti-Black depictions of antagonists when engendering such emotional dispositions. By investigating the dynamics of mockery through a deeper look into the composite identities of Jesus’s antagonists, this study reveals that these plays and the communities that produced them rely on a disingenuous stance of victimhood for their effectiveness. This ‘victim play’—the collaborative community effort to claim the status of victim while simultaneously participating in the victimization of others—obscures that those who are attributed cruel acts of mockery are actually its targets. The powerful rhetorical strategies of the premodern English episodes are thus unearthed in this study.
Affective, defective, and infective narratives on social media about nuclear energy and atomic conflict during the 2022 Italian electoral campaign
Authors: Persico Simone 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the digital age, poor public communication catalyzes the spread of disinformation within public opinion. Anyone can produce political content that can reach a global audience, and social media has become a vital tool for political leaders to convey messages to the electorate. The 2022 Italian election campaign has seen the term “nuclear” debated with two different declinations: on the one hand, regarding nuclear energy for civilian use, and on the other hand, regarding the fear of an escalation of the conflict in Ukraine and the use of atomic weapons. This research aims to analyze the social media debate by exploring multiplatform dynamics to qualitatively identify and analyze the connections between social media platforms that we have termed Bridges, a concept drawn from Transmedia Theory to describe the narrative relationship between platforms. The methodological approach will follow an explanatory sequential design that will rely on digital methods to identify connections between platforms (bridges) and then apply an exploratory qualitative approach to enrich the data and capture the nuances of the debate. As expected, we found polarized positions and fragmentation on both issues of civilian nuclear energy and the atomic conflict narrative. Primary evidence shows bridges spreading affective, defective, and infective content across platforms in a multifaceted social media ecosystem. Affective refers to rhetoric that appeals to people’s feelings. Defective means the discussion that brings attention to hyper-partisan news channels, fake news, and misinformation. Infective means bridges with below-the-radar platforms, niche channels, or pseudo-information channels. They use bridges with mainstream platforms to gain the potential to go viral. The paper highlights the importance of cross-platform and interdisciplinary approaches to addressing disinformation in a media ecosystem where social media plays an increasing role in a country’s democratic dynamics.
Achieving fidelity through self-translation: a case study of Friday sermons by Imam Mohammed Ewes
Authors: Rousan Rafat Mahmoud Al , Al-Harahsheh Ahmad Mohammad , Darawsheh Aya M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates whether fidelity was achieved in the self-translation of Friday sermons by imam Mohammed Ewes. Ewes is an Egyptian Muslim imam who immigrated to the United Kingdom in 1996. When writing this paper, he had been preaching at Al-Birr Mosque in London for 25 years. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, he is one of the few Muslim imams in the Islamic world to have self-translated and compiled his religious sermons into a single book. This study adopts the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach to analyze the data. We extracted the data from Ewes’s book Pulpit Sermons in Arabic and English, written in Arabic and self-translated into English by Ewes himself. Specifically, we selected eight sermons randomly from the book. We analyzed the data using Ajunwa’s (2015) approach to assessing fidelity in translation. The findings show that fidelity was not achieved in the self-translation because the self-translator did not produce a faithful and accurate translation. Therefore, the self-translation of Ewes’s Friday sermons cannot be regarded as a true translation but as a rewritten translation.
Investigating the spatial effect of operational performance in China’s regional tourism system
Authors: Chiu Sheng-Hsiung , Lin Tzu-Yu , Wang Wei-Ching 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor the healthy development of regional tourism systems, performance evaluation is vital for regulators so that they can determine the source of inefficiency to enhance systems’ competitiveness through a series of systematic policy plans. Past research has recognized the importance of network collaboration in the tourism sector but has focused mainly on the separate stages of performance (e.g., hotels), with limited discussion on how sectoral interactions can be distilled into collaborative models. Consequently, this paper intends to construct a more comprehensive performance evaluation framework for the Chinese regional tourism system that not only focuses on network interactions and dynamic features among stages but also considers spatial dependency to enhance the accuracy of performance evaluation. Using the panel data of 30 provincial-administrative regions on China’s tourism industry from 2012 to 2016, the operating performance of each regional tourism system and its tourist stages are measured by the SBM-DNDEA model. Furthermore, the spatial effect of regional tourism system operational performance and its influencing factors are investigated via the Tobit spatial Durbin model. The results showed that the operational performance of the Chinese regional tourism system was still relatively low, with the attraction stage performing the best, and there were significant differences among the four economic zones. The strength of traffic convenience had a significant positive effect on the operational performance of the local tourism system, but fiscal expenditure on environmental management also had a negative spillover effect on the surrounding region. The urbanization level had not only a significant positive effect on local areas but also a positive spillover effect on adjacent areas. Interregional development may also affect the performance of attractions, highlighting the importance of systematic integration and allocation of resources for tourism development.
Toward a new approach for the pygmy dipole resonance in even–even nuclei. Application to isotopes 144,148,150,152,154Sm
Authors: Raduta A A , Raduta C M , Raduta Alexandru Horia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A many-body Hamiltonian consisting of a spherical shell model mean-field term, a pairing interaction for alike nucleons and a dipole–dipole interaction, with the dipole operator involving a cubic term in the radial coordinate, was studied within a quasiparticle random-phase approximation and applied numerically to five even–even isotopes of Sm. The resulting wavefunctions were further used to calculate the B(E1) values, which at their turn were employed to calculate the photoabsorption cross section, integrated moments of the cross section and energy weighted sum rule (EWSR). The calculated cross section and its integrated moments were compared with the available data, and a good agreement was observed. Two regions were distinguished: one corresponding to the pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) (1–10 MeV) and the other to the giant dipole resonance (GDR) (10–20 MeV), which were studied separately. The peaks belonging to each of the two ranges were analyzed in detail. The PDR states were located around the neutron separation energy and were mainly formed by the collective isoscalar and neutron collective states. The PDR states describe oscillations of the neutron excess against protons from the isospin-saturated core. The character of the states from the GDR region, isoscalar or isovector, is also pointed out. The PDR states carry only 0.8%–2.7% of the total EWSR and 0.4%–5.9% of the total E1 strength. The dependence of the dipole strength on nuclear deformation is evidenced. A comment on the cross section splitting into two branches for deformed isotopes is included. The r-cubic term and nuclear deformation have opposite effects on the dipole strength. In addition, it diminishes the effect of nonconservation of the center of mass momentum. The famous Thomas–Reiche–Kuhn sum rule formula is generalized to the case of the Schiff dipole momentum. The new sum rule is well satisfied. The projected spherical single-particle basis used in our formalism allows for a unified description of spherical transitional and deformed isotopes.
Adversarial training of multi-scale channel attention network for enhanced robustness in bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Peng Haotian , Du Jinsong , Gao Jie , Wang Yu , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For bearing fault diagnosis problems in extremely noisy environments, this paper proposes an innovative universal adversarial training method. This method dynamically introduces noise into the training data, adaptively optimizing the model’s robustness. It applies to any neural network without incurring additional computational overhead in the reasoning process. Additionally, we introduce the multi-scale channel attention network (MSCAN). This network employs stacked convolutional kernels of varying sizes to extract features at different scales from the input signal. The incorporation of the channel attention mechanism allocates distinct weights to features of different scales, further enhancing the network’s representational capacity. Moreover, an automated machine learning-based automated tuning approach is employed to optimize the model training process, aiding in improving inference accuracy. Compared to existing designs, MSCAN exhibits exceptional accuracy. Through adversarial training, it maintains a 99.44% accuracy rate on the Case Western Reserve University dataset under strong −3 dB noise conditions. On the Paderborn University dataset at 0 dB, this adversarial training significantly improves the testing accuracy of various models by an average of 36.42%.