bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CESAREAN SCAR ECTOPIC PREGNANCY IN RELATION TO PREVIOUS OBSTETRICAL HISTORY
Authors: Arif Gash , Fattah Chro 
Published: December 2023

Background
Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSEP) is the implantation of a gestational sac inside the scar of a previous cesarean section (C/S). CSEP is a life-threatening condition that needs early management.
Objectives
The study aimed to know the associations between CSEP and previous obstetrical history.
Patients and Methods
Twenty-seven women with CSEP who were admitted to the Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital from September 2019 to October 2021 were collected for this cross-sectional study. Complete obstetrical history, clinical features, the interval between the last C/S and CSEP, mode of diagnosis, and types of management were recorded.
Results
The mean of maternal age, gravidity and parity were 32.14±4.63 years (range, 24 to 40 years), 3.73±1.75 (range, 1 to 8) and 2.36±1.33 (range, 1 to 6), respectively. The majority (74.1%) had no significant medical diseases. The mean interval between the last C/S and CSEP was 2.6±1.8 years, and 92.6% complained of vaginal bleeding. The association of gravidity with CSEP presentation was statistically significant. Only 22.2% had a history of one prior C/S alone; however, 74.1, 14.8%, and 3.7% of patients had two, three, and four previous C/Ss, respectively. Besides, the associations of first and second C/Ss with obstetricians’ experience who performed the C/Ss were statistically significant.
Conclusion
The risk of CSEP increases when the frequency of gravidity and previous C/S increases.
Medial Crural Auto-rim Flap in Primary Open Rhinoplasty
Authors: Hassan Hazhir , Qadir Ary , Hasan Hawre 
Published: December 2023

Background: Aging significantly affects the nasal tip and columella; thus, weakening of fibroelastic attachments in the scroll area and intercrural suspensory ligaments results in tip ptosis, separation of the medial crural footplates, and expansion of the membranous septum.Aim: Thus, we focused on a new technique to maintain tip support without grafting and treat columellar-hanging deformity by folding in the caudal edge of the medial crura as a flap instead of trimming it in patients undergoing open aesthetic rhinoplasty.Patients and Methods: In this prospective-observational study, 37 patients were enrolled between July 2020 to January 2022 at Sulaimani Plastic, Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Hospital and Royal Private Hospital in Sulaimani, Republic of Iraq. After asking the age of the patients, all participants were appropriately prepared for the surgery and underwent primary open rhinoplasty for columellar hanging deformity correction.Results: We found that all enrolled patients were satisfied with their nasal shape except one patient who complained about the columellar region's appearance but without the need for revision. Also, the objective assessment of the nasal tip support showed good maintenance upon the follow-up time for patients despite the lack of cartilage graft in the tip area.Conclusion: In the medial crural auto-rim flap technique, the excess caudal medial crural cartilage could be used as a flap instead of trimming it despite concomitant tip support intercrural augmentation and correction of the columellar hanging deformity.
Prevalence of Acute Appendicitis Complications in Overweight and Obese Patients: A Cross-Sectional Case Series Study
Authors: Ahmed Bawan , Ahmed Hiwa 
Published: December 2023

Background: Obesity is known to increase morbidity and mortality in the general population and therefore is perceived as a risk factor for adverse post-surgical results.Aims: To find the real impact of extra weight on the course of the early postoperative complications of open appendectomy.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional case series study was conducted on 93 patients from a total 100 patients labeled with an acute abdomen with signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis. Early postoperative complications are classified according to the Clavien-Dindo-Classification (CDC) system.Results: Seventy-one (76.34%) patients went through a smooth postoperative period without complications, of which the majority belong to group A with normal body weight (n=39, 54.9%). The most common early complications were superficial surgical site infection (n=14, 15.05), deep surgical site infection (n=6, 6.45%) equally in both groups A, and B that required hospital admission and antibiotic therapy and 2 male patients (2.15%) in the group A; average weight group developed deep surgical site infection both of their intraoperative findings were perforated appendicitis.Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between the duration of hospital stay and the patient's weight (P-value=0.00541). Albeit, the results showed that patients with excess weight need to stay longer in the hospital compared to average-weight patients.
Intralesional Injection of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine in Molluscum Contagiosum Treatment: An Experimental Study
Authors: Karim Sirwan , Abdulla Darsim 
Published: December 2023

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common viral infection that affects the skin and the mucous membranes. Several studies have shown that intralesional Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) immunotherapy is beneficial for treating warts. There is very little information about the effectiveness of this treatment method in patients with MC. The study's objective was to assess whether patients with MC benefit from intralesional MMR vaccination. This experimental study was carried out on 20 patients of MC (11 men and 9 women) who visited Sulaimani Dermatology Teaching Center, who received a maximum of six doses of intralesional MMR vaccine with an interval of two weeks between sessions. Three kinds of therapy responses were identified; complete, partial, and no response. A number of side effects were recorded. The mean ± SD of the age, duration of the disease, and the number of skin lesions were 17.9 ±17.1 years, 5.1 ±2.2 months, and 10.4 ±7.9 lesions, respectively. Sixty-five percent of patients had complete clearance, 25% with partial clearance and 10% experienced no clearance. According to the examined variables, no significant difference was present in the frequency of the various treatment responses (p>0.05). The noticed side effects were temporary mild redness, edema, and pain at the site of injection. Recurrence was not seen in any of the patients who responded completely to the treatment. Although it seems that intralesional MMR immunotherapy was effective and safe in the treatment of the skin lesions due to MC. To further support the results of the current study, larger prospective studies that are placebo-controlled and have longer follow-ups are required.
Nurses’ Knowledge and Practices Regarding Oxytocin Administration in the First Stage of Labor in Maternity Teaching Hospital in Sulaimaniyah City
Authors: Faris Gona 
Published: December 2023

Background: Oxytocic refers to a group of drugs that cause contraction of uterine muscles, resulting in the delivery of the placenta or fetus. As an oxytocic agent, oxytocin is a serious and significant medication that is broadly utilized in clinical practice to help with the initiation and continuation of labor. Failure to use oxytocin properly can lead to serious adverse impacts on both mother and baby; therefore, health professionals need to pay close attention during its administration.Materials and Methods: Through a descriptive analytical study conducted at the labor and delivery unit in Maternity Teaching Hospital in Sulaimani city, the nurses’ knowledge and practice regarding oxytocin administration during the 1st stage of labor were assessed. A convenient sampling method was employed to all (70) nurses working in the labor room from 5th January to 20th February 2022. Data collection was carried out through 3 tools, including a structured interview questionnaire which was aimed at gathering the nurses’ general characteristics, a nurses’ knowledge questionnaire, and an observational checklist to assess the nurses’ practices regarding oxytocin administration. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version (version 22.0) was used to analyze the collected data. Results: The results indicated that the nurses’ level of knowledge and oxytocin administration practice was below average in 60.0% and 45.7% of them, respectively. It was also seen that the knowledge and practice were poor in half of the nurses. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between total knowledge and practice scores.Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it is recommended that periodic in-services training programs should be conducted for the nurses who administer oxytocin drugs in order to constantly improve their knowledge and practice of safe administration and to reduce the adverse impacts of this drug.
CLINICAL EFFICACY OF INCLUSION OF THE METABOLITE MESXIDOL IN THE REGIMEN OF TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES COMPLICATED BY THE DEVELOPMENT OF PURULENT PROCESSES
Authors: Zemskova Veronika A. 
Published: December 2023

The clinical effectiveness of two therapy regimens of patients with one of the diseases pyoderma, adnexitis or soft tissue infection complicated by purulent processes was assessed. The first scheme provided for the use of basic therapy according to clinical recommendations, the second was supplemented by the metabolist Mexidol.
The results of analysis of pharmacotherapy of 162 patients divided into groups according to the nosological affiliation of diseases and subhorupa according to the therapy regimen were used.
It has been found that the additional prescription of Mexidol metabolic to patients to the standard significantly increases the effectiveness of complex treatment.
HAEMATURIA DETECTABLE IN OUTPATIENT CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS: THE FREQUENCY AND POSSIBLE REASONS
Authors: Balalaeva Irina Yu. , Budanovа Margarita V. , Shvyrev Anatoliy P. , Ippolitova Lyudmila I. , Chernitsyn Igor M. 
Published: December 2023

Determining the cause of haematuria in children often causes significant difficulties, especially for outpatients, due to the large number of diseases with increased quantity of red blood cells in urine and complexity of such patients examination.
The frequency and features of haematuria have been defined in outpatient children and teenagers. The frequency of haematuria in 2018-2021 was on average 4,5 %, increasing significantly from 2,4 % in 2018 to 8,3 % in 2021. The most cases of haematuria after a hot summer can relate to increased concentration of salt components in urine due to insufficient drinking intake. Haematuria identified in outpatient children was not a manifestation of severe diseases with poor prognosis (tumors, tuberculosis). It was small, transient, and disappeared in most patients after increased fluid intake, nutrition and physical activity correction, antibacterial medicines and phytotherapy appointment in urinary tract infection
A CLINICAL CASE OF ADVERSE EVENTS AFTER IMMUNIZATION AGAINST A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Gabbasova Natalia V. , Mamchik Nikolay P. , Yatsenko Lilia A. , Mazina Olga L. , Kameneva Olga V. , Knyazeva Viktoria A. 
Published: December 2023

A 20-year-old girl was immunized against COVID-19 with Sputnik V. 6 hours after vaccination, symptoms of intoxication, body aches, weakness appeared, body temperature increased to 40.3С during the day, pain was noted at the injection site. The post-vaccination reaction lasted 2 days. The patient did not seek medical attention.
The girl received the second dose of the vaccine on the 21st day after the first vaccination. 6 hours after immunization, symptoms of intoxication, body aches, weakness appeared, body temperature increased to 40.6C, pain was noted at the injection site. The next day she asked for medical help at the clinic, diagnosed with: Post-vaccination reaction to the Sputnik-V vaccine; symptomatic therapy was prescribed. The body temperature was 37.0-38.0C for 2 weeks.
Despite the superstrong general post-vaccination reaction, revaccination was carried out six months later. After the introduction of the vaccine, the body temperature increased to 41.6C, there were pronounced symptoms of intoxication, body aches, weakness, at the injection site - hyperemia, soreness, swelling of more than 8 cm in diameter. The next day, the student asked for medical help, an infectious disease doctor diagnosed her with an allergic reaction to the Sputnik V, Sputnik Light vaccine, and symptomatic treatment was prescribed. Body temperature remained febrile for 6 days, general symptoms persisted for 2 weeks, and local reactions persisted for 3 weeks.
USE OF INDIVIDUAL PREDICTION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE EXACERBATIONS IN OBESE PATIENTS DURING DISPENSARY OBSERVATION
Authors: Fateeva Oksana V. , Prozorova Galina G. , Kozhevnikova Svetlana A. , Tribuntceva Lyudmila V. 
Published: December 2023

COPD is one of the main public health problems. 40.0% of all COPD patients tolerate at least 1 moderate or severe exacerbation within a year, and up to 16.0% - 2 or more. GOLD (2022) proposed for clinical practice a strategy based on "treatable traits," the key of which are exacerbations and persistent shortness of breath, but there are other numerous pulmonary and extrapulmonary features, the definition and consideration of which is useful when leaving individual management algorithms for patients with COPD.
Purpose. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the use of individual prediction of COPD exacerbations in obese patients during clinical observation.
Materials and methods. 106 people diagnosed with COPD between the ages of 18 and 80 were examined. The patient examination included an assessment of the number of outpatient exacerbations and hospitalizations to medical organizations over the past 12 months, a BMI calculation, a comprehensive assessment of COPD symptoms with CAT, the functional status of patients, and an assessment of biochemical blood parameters. Results. According to the examination results and BMI calculation, 80 patients (75.5%) were overweight (55 patients) or obese of various degrees (grade 1 obesity - 21 patients, grade 2 - 1 patient and grade 3 - 3 patients). According to GOLD (2023), all patients were classified as "high risk of exacerbations" - group E. The probability index of COPD exacerbation was calculated over the next 12 months using regression analysis. To prevent predicted exacerbations of COPD, individual treatment and rehabilitation programs were developed for patients, designed for use for 12 months of follow-up: treatment modification, personalized programs for optimizing physical activity, dietary recommendations, vaccination against influenza and pneumococcal infection, course therapy with melatonin, consultation with an endocrinologist. At the end of 12 months, compliance with the recommendations of the index of the probability of exacerbation of COPD for the next 12 months was low.
Conclusions. In patients with frequent exacerbations of COPD, in order to achieve disease control, it is advisable to develop individual treatment and rehabilitation programs within the framework of clinical observation, given the "treatable signs," the correction of which has a significant positive effect on the course of COPD, achievement of control and prognosis of the disease.
INVESTIGATION OF THE ADHESIVE ABILITY OF ZINC-PHOSPHATE CEMENTS TO THE DENTIN OF THE TOOTH
Authors: Valynov Anton S. , Ivanina Angelina S. 
Published: December 2023

Improving the reliability of fixing fixed orthopedic structures of dentures is an urgent issue at all times. Due to the increase in the variety of materials in the modern world, the choice for dentists has become even more difficult. Various types of fixing materials are used in the clinic, and their choice depends on the specifics of the clinical situation and the material of the structure from which it is made.
One of the types of cements are zinc-phosphate, which are used in practice for a long time and are characterized by sufficient adhesion strength. Representatives of this group have become less popular in the orthopedic dental clinic, since its properties are considered insufficiently satisfactory. Undoubtedly, any fixing material has both pros and cons. It is possible to get high-quality treatment with a dental prosthesis in the oral cavity if the fixing materials are correctly selected, the principles of preparation are observed and a high-quality adhesive protocol is performed.
The article describes a study of the adhesive ability of individual zinc-phosphate cements, which was carried out in laboratory conditions at the technical base of LLC "Tselit" Voronezh. 30 teeth of the chewing group were used, which were divided into groups according to the use of materials: "NeoDent" LLC Celit, "VISCIN" LLC Raduga-R, "Adhesor" SpofaDental (Czech Republic).
The strength of adhesion was studied using the method - shear test, which determines the strength of the connection of dentine tissue with zinc-phosphate cement.
A-PRF AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO ALVEOLAR AUGMENTATION
Authors: Ramazanov Ruslan T. , Redkov Daniil A. , Gasanov Nushuravan T. , Lis Ekaterina А. 
Published: December 2023

A dentist-surgeon performs a large number of different surgical procedures. Despite the fact that in the 21st century, the level of dental care is high, the number of tooth extractions has not decreased. The main component of surgical work is the extraction of a tooth.
The article analyzes the clinical and radiological control of the process of socket regeneration using A-PRF technology, in addition, an assessment of the opinion of doctors on the use of this technique of hole preservation after removal was carried out.
In his practice, a dental surgeon often encounters complications after a tooth extraction operation, and in order to avoid them, it is necessary to carry out a set of measures aimed at improving the rehabilitation period, optimizing the reparative process and improving the results of surgical treatment.
Based on the results of our work, we found that this technique is not popular among doctors, although it shows good results. When using A-PRF clot, the period of socket epithelialization is reduced, and early formation of a bone pattern is observed, which we do not observe in patients in whom this technique is not used.
In order not to carry out repeated surgical reception in the future, it is necessary to think about early conservation.
DETERMINATION OF ANTIBIOTICS CEPHALOSPORIN SERIES WITH PIEZOELECTRIC SENSORS IN WATER SOLUTIONS
Authors: Petrova Olga K. , Ivanova Irina I. , Shapovalova Anna A. , Zyablov Aleksandr N. 
Published: December 2023

The aim of the work was to create a piezoelectric sensor modified with a polymer with molecular imprints of cefuroxime for its subsequent determination in aqueous solutions. For the synthesis of MIP, we used a mixture containing a copolymer of 1,2,4,5-benzenetracarboxylic acid and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl oxide produced by OJSC IIPP SPA Plastic (Moscow), as well as a solution containing template molecules.
The resulting mixture was applied to the surface of the sensor electrode by stamping. After that, thermal imidization was carried out in an oven. Next, the sensors were cooled and placed in distilled water to remove the template.
The resulting sensor was used to determine the content of the antibiotic cefuroxime in aqueous solutions using a calibration curve. For this, standard solutions of cefuroxime were prepared with concentrations of 1.0101 1.0107 g/dm3. The measurements made allowed us to conclude that with an increase in the antibiotic concentration in the analyzed solution, a decrease in the resonant frequency occurs. The calibration dependence is linear. The limit of detection of cefuroxime for the obtained sensor is 1.0105 g/dm3. To test the selectivity of the obtained sensor based on a polymer with molecular imprints, an analysis of an antibiotic similar in structure, cefazolin, was carried out. It has been established that the sensory system is selective only for the antibiotic that was used for the synthesis of MIP.
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF HUMAN TOOTH ENAMEL AFTER EXPOSURE TO CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL FACTORS WHEN FIXING ELEMENTS OF A MULTIBONDING
Authors: Ippolitov Yuri A. , Mikhailova Svetlana A. , Ippolitov Ivan Yu. , Aleshina Elena O. , Gylov Aleksey V. , Mahmoudi Abbas A. , Solаiman Maher A. , Kuralesina Viktoria P. 
Published: December 2023

When using multibonding fixed orthodontic equipment, complications are possible mainly associated with the occurrence of tooth enamel caries, despite the presence of a large selection of means for the prevention of dental diseases. During the complex treatment of patients with dental deformities, 2 clinical groups were identified and the enamel surface was treated with 37% orthophosphoric acid and an erbium dental laser with a wavelength of 2940nm - (power 2 W, water 20%, air 75%, tip: BOOST with nozzle H 6/8, laser beam perpendicular to the enamel at a distance of 5 mm from its surface), before fixing the removable bracket element with orthodontic glue (A16.07.048).
The conducted studies have shown that after laser preparation in the etching of enamel with acid, the surface acquires roughness, unevenness with the exposure of numerous micropores, in particular the mouths of enamel channels, which increases the electrical conductivity of enamel and electrometric indicators reach 1.3(0.9; 1.5) mkA from the initial 0.15(0.1;0.2)mkA, whereas after processing the enamel with high-intensity laser light, these values were 0.3 (0.1; 0.4) mkA from the initial 0.15 (0.1; 0.2)mkA, due to the mineral saturation of the interstitial spaces of enamel, the mouths of enamel channels sealed with an organo-mineral complex, which reduces the possibility of its subsurface microbial demineralization.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF VIRTUAL-SIMULATION TEACHING TECHNIQUES IN ENDODONTIC TREATMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Borisova Eleonora G. , Balin Vladimir V. 
Published: December 2023

This work represents a completed study on the development and implementation of the developed and optimized virtual-simulation program of continuing medical education (36 hours) to improve the manual skills of therapeutic treatment in dentistry in the module "Direct Restorations" using the evaluation of the survival rate of knowledge and skills obtained.
With the traditional system of practical retraining of military dentists, using the dental clinic as a training base is difficult; the presence of a preceptor is required during the training manipulation; training depends on the clinic schedule and the availability of the pathology being studied; and there is no opportunity to repeat the manipulation or intervention. In addition, evaluation of the level of practical training of trainees is subjective, there is no unified system of its objective assessment [1-4]. Two stages are introduced for the trainees in the continuing medical education system: Stage 1 - assessment of the available practical skills on standard assignments, Stage 2 - assessment of the mastered practical skills. Improving the practical skills of practicing military dentists with the help of simulation training eliminates the risk to the life and health of the patient and trainee, allows you to conduct classes on an individual educational program without taking into account the working hours of the medical organization and the work schedule of the teacher, makes it possible to repeatedly practice the skill and bring the manipulation to automatism, provides objective quality control of its implementation, easily models rare pathologies and clinical cases [1-7].