bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interlocking Surprises: Their Nature, Implications, and Potential Responses
Authors: Farjoun Moshe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSafety organizations need to manage their working conditions continuously and effectively while dealing with constant surprises [1]. This chapter calls attention to an increasingly prevalent phenomenon, which I term interlocking surprises. While not completely new, this phenomenon is not fully understood and carries significant implications for research and practice. In conceptualizing interlocking surprises—their nature, implications, and potential responses—my aim is rather simple. It is, to paraphrase social theorist Norbert Elias, to take some steps toward developing the conceptual models and overall vision by which we—academics and practitioners—can make comprehensible in thought what we experience in our everyday realities [2].
Resolving the Command–Adapt Paradox: Guided Adaptability to Cope with Complexity
Authors: Woods David D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Command–Adapt Paradox arises from the long-standing tension between two perspectives. The central theme of the centralized control perspective is “plan and conform”. The central theme of the guided adaptability perspective is “plan and revise”—being poised to adapt. In the former perspective, operations are pressured to follow rules, procedures and automation with the expectation that success will follow as long as the sharp end personnel work-to-rule, work-to-role, and work-to-plan. The latter perspective recognizes that disrupting events will challenge plans-in-progress, requiring adaptations, reprioritization, and reconfiguration in order to meet key goals given the effects of disturbances and changes. The two perspectives appear to conflict; therefore, organizations must choose one or the other in safety management. Empirical studies, experience, and science all reveal that the paradox is only apparent: “good” systems embedded in the complexities of this universe need to plan and revise—to do both. The paradox dissolves, in part, when one realizes guided adaptability is a capability that builds on plans. The difficulty arises when organizations over-rely on plans. Over-reliance undermines adaptive capacity when beyond-plan challenges arise. Beyond-plan challenges occur regularly for complex systems. The catch is: pressure to comply focuses only on the first and degrades the second. The result is systems with excess brittleness that is evident in the recurring stream of economic and safety failures of complex systems embedded in turbulent worlds.
One-loop partition function of gravity with leaky boundary conditions
Authors: Grumiller Daniel , Ruzziconi Romain , Zwikel Céline 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Leaky boundary conditions in asymptotically AdS spacetimes are relevant to discuss black hole evaporation and the evolution of the Page curve via the island formula. We explore the consequences of leaky boundary conditions on the one-loop partition function of gravity. We focus on JT gravity minimally coupled to a scalar field whose normalizable and non-normalizable modes are both turned on, allowing for leakiness through the AdS boundary. Classically, this yields a flux-balance law relating the scalar news to the time derivative of the mass. Semi-classically, we argue that the usual diffeomorphism-invariant measure is ill-defined, suggesting that the area-non-preserving diffeomorphisms are broken at one loop. We calculate the associated anomaly and its implication on the gravitational Gauss law. Finally, we generalize our arguments to higher dimensions and dS.
Role of Sam68 as an adaptor protein in inflammatory signaling
Authors: Gowd Vemana , Kass Joseph D’Amato , Sarkar Nandini , Ramakrishnan Parameswaran 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSam68 is a ubiquitously expressed KH-domain containing RNA-binding protein highly studied for its involvement in regulating multiple steps of RNA metabolism. Sam68 also contains multiple protein–protein interaction regions such as proline-rich regions, tyrosine phosphorylation sites, and arginine methylation sites, all of which facilitate its participation as an adaptor protein in multiple signaling pathways, likely independent of its RNA-binding role. This review focuses on providing a comprehensive report on the adaptor roles of Sam68 in inflammatory signaling and inflammatory diseases. The insights presented here have the potential to open new avenues in inflammation research and justify targeting Sam68 to control aberrant inflammatory responses.
Weakly Bounded Cohomology Classes and a Counterexample to a Conjecture of Gromov
Authors: Ascari Dario , Milizia Francesco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe exhibit a group of type F whose second cohomology contains a weakly bounded, but not bounded, class. As an application, we disprove a long-standing conjecture of Gromov about bounded primitives of differential forms on universal covers of closed manifolds.
Selectivity of N(2)-substituted oxotriazinoindole aldose reductase inhibitors is determined by the interaction pattern with Pro301-Arg312 loop of aldehyde reductase
Authors: Kováčiková Lucia , Gaikwad Sunil , Almášiová Kristína , Almássy Ambroz , Addová Gabriela , Májeková Magdaléna , Hanquet Gilles , Dobričić Vladimir , Boháč Andrej , Štefek Milan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNovel oxotriazinoindoles (OTIs) were recently reported as highly efficient and selective aldose reductase inhibitors. Here, a series of novel N(2)-substituted oxotriazinoindoles was developed with the aim to investigate molecular interactions within the aldose reductase (ALR2) inhibitor binding site. About twice increased inhibition efficacy of the most efficient derivative 14 (N(2)-CH2CH2COOH) compared to the unsubstituted lead OTI was obtained, yet at the expense of selectivity relative to anti-target aldehyde reductase (ALR1). To explain the major drop in selectivity, observed also in other N(2)-substituted derivatives, in silico molecular modeling approach revealed the role of extra interactions with the residues of Arg309, Arg312 and Met302 located in the additional C-terminal loop of ALR1 missing in ALR2, which can prevent or enhance binding in ALR1. These key findings will be used for development of the next generation of selective OTI inhibitors.
Do admission glucose levels independently predict coagulopathy in multiple trauma patients? A retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Mayor Jorge , Gräff Pascal , Birgel Vera , Clausen Jan-Dierk , Omar-Pacha Tarek , Aktas Gökmen , Sehmisch Stephan , Mommsen Philipp 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Coagulopathy is prevalent in multiple trauma patients and worsens bleeding complications, leading to higher morbidity and mortality rates. Hyperglycemia upon admission predicts hemorrhagic shock and mortality in severely injured patients. This study aimed to assess admission glucose levels as an independent prognostic factor for coagulopathy in multiply injured patients.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study observed multiple trauma patients treated at a level I trauma center between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2020. Coagulopathy was defined as an international normalized ratio (INR) > 1.4 and/or activated thromboplastin time (APTT) > 40 s. Analysis of variance compared clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with and without coagulopathy. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified risk factors associated with coagulopathy.

Results
The study included 913 patients, of whom 188 (20%) had coagulopathy at admission. Coagulopathy patients had higher mortality than those without (26% vs. 5.0%, p < 0.001). Mean glucose level in coagulopathy patients was 10.09 mmol/L, significantly higher than 7.97 mmol/L in non-coagulopathy patients (p < 0.001). Admission glucose showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.64 (95% CI [0.59–0.69], p < 0.001) with an optimal cut-off point of 12.35 mmol/L. After adjusting for other factors, patients with high admission glucose had a 1.99-fold risk of developing coagulopathy (95% CI 1.07–3.60). Other laboratory parameters associated with coagulopathy included haemoglobin, bicarbonate (HCO3), and lactate levels.

Conclusion
This study emphasizes the significance of admission blood glucose as an independent predictor of coagulopathy. Monitoring hyperglycemia can aid in identifying high-risk patients.
Keeping pace: the primary cilium as the conducting baton of the islet
Authors: Idevall-Hagren Olof , Incedal Nilsson Ceren , Sanchez Gonzalo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrimary cilia are rod-like sensory organelles that protrude from the surface of most mammalian cells, including the cells of the islet, and mounting evidence supports important roles of these structures in the regulation of beta cell function and insulin secretion. The sensory abilities of the cilium arise from local receptor activation that is coupled to intrinsic signal transduction, and ciliary signals can propagate into the cell and influence cell function. Here, we review recent advances and studies that provide insights into intra-islet cues that trigger primary cilia signalling; how second messenger signals are generated and propagated within cilia; and how ciliary signalling affects beta cell function. We also discuss the potential involvement of primary cilia and ciliary signalling in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes, identify gaps in our current understanding of islet cell cilia function and provide suggestions on how to further our understanding of this intriguing structure.
Graphical Abstract
Nebivolol protects the liver against lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum–related apoptosis through Chop and Bip/GRP78 signaling
Authors: Unal Onur , Erzurumlu Yalcin , Asci Halil , Gunduru Acar Berivan , Bedir Mehmet , Ozmen Ozlem 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the protective role of nebivolol (NEB) on liver tissue against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis model in rats by targeting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–related binding immunoglobulin protein (Bip), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (Chop) signaling pathways. Four groups, each comprising eight rats, were established: control, LPS, LPS + NEB, and NEB. Biochemical analyses included total oxidant status (TOS), serum aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Additionally, genetic assessments involved Chop and Bip/GRP78 mRNA expression levels, while histopathological examinations were conducted. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 β) and caspase-3 levels. The LPS group exhibited significantly higher AST, ALT, oxidative stress index, and TOS levels compared to the control group. Moreover, the LPS group demonstrated markedly increased Chop and Bip/GRP78 mRNA expression compared to the control group. Immunohistochemical analysis of the LPS group revealed significant upregulation in IL-1β and caspase-3 expressions compared to the control group. Additionally, the LPS group showed significant hyperemia, mild hemorrhage, and inflammatory cell infiltrations. Comparatively, the LPS+NEB group exhibited a reversal of these alterations when compared to the LPS group. Collectively, our findings, suggest that NEB holds promise as a treatment in conditions where oxidative damage, inflammation, and ER stress–related apoptosis play significant roles in the pathogenesis.
Graphical abstract
Revisiting the Multifaceted Roles of Bacteriocins
Authors: Arbulu Sara , Kjos Morten 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBacteriocins are gene-encoded antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria. These peptides are heterogeneous in terms of structure, antimicrobial activities, biosynthetic clusters, and regulatory mechanisms. Bacteriocins are widespread in nature and may contribute to microbial diversity due to their capacity to target specific bacteria. Primarily studied as food preservatives and therapeutic agents, their function in natural settings is however less known. This review emphasizes the ecological significance of bacteriocins as multifunctional peptides by exploring bacteriocin distribution, mobility, and their impact on bacterial population dynamics and biofilms.
Reinforcement learning for block decomposition of planar CAD models
Authors: DiPrete Benjamin C. , Garimella Rao , Cardona Cristina Garcia , Ray Navamita 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe problem of hexahedral mesh generation of general CAD models has vexed researchers for over 3 decades and analysts often spend more than 50% of the design-analysis cycle time decomposing complex models into simpler blocks meshable by existing techniques. The decomposed blocks are required for generating good quality meshes (tilings of quadrilaterals or hexahedra) suitable for numerical simulations of physical systems governed by conservation laws. We present a novel AI-assisted method for decomposing (segmenting) planar CAD (computer-aided design) models into well shaped rectangular blocks. Even though the simple examples presented here can also be meshed using many conventional methods, we believe this work is proof-of-principle of a AI-based decomposition method that can eventually be generalized to complex 2D and 3D CAD models. Our method uses reinforcement learning to train an agent to perform a series of optimal cuts on the CAD model that result in a good quality block decomposition. We show that the agent quickly learns an effective strategy for picking the location and direction of the cuts and maximizing its rewards. This paper is the first successful demonstration of an agent autonomously learning how to perform this block decomposition task effectively, thereby holding the promise of a viable method to automate this challenging process for more complex cases.
Relevance of mexiletine in the era of evolving antiarrhythmic therapy of ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Alhourani Nawar , Wolfes Julian , Könemann Hilke , Ellermann Christian , Frommeyer Gerrit , Güner Fatih , Lange Philipp Sebastian , Reinke Florian , Köbe Julia , Eckardt Lars 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite impressive developments in the field of ventricular arrhythmias, there is still a relevant number of patients with ventricular arrhythmias who require antiarrhythmic drug therapy and may, e.g., in otherwise drug and/or ablation refractory situations, benefit from agents known for decades, such as mexiletine. Through its capability of blocking fast sodium channels in cardiomyocytes, it has played a minor to moderate antiarrhythmic role throughout the recent decades. Nevertheless, certain patients with structural heart disease suffering from drug-refractory, i.e., mainly amiodarone refractory ventricular arrhythmias, as well as those with selected forms of congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) may nowadays still benefit from mexiletine. Here, we outline mexiletine’s cellular and clinical electrophysiological properties. In addition, the application of mexiletine may be accompanied by various potential side effects, e.g., nausea and tremor, and is limited by several drug-drug interactions. Thus, we shed light on the current therapeutic role of mexiletine for therapy of ventricular arrhythmias and discuss clinically relevant aspects of its indications based on current evidence.
Graphical abstract
Cost-effectiveness of a multidimensional post-discharge disease management program for heart failure patients—economic evaluation along a one-year observation period
Authors: Egelseer-Bruendl T. , Jahn B. , Arvandi M. , Puntscher S. , Santamaria J. , Brunelli L. , Weissenegger K. , Pfeifer B. , Neururer S. , Rissbacher C. , Huber A. , Fetz B. , Kleinheinz C. , Modre-Osprian R. , Kreiner K. , Siebert U. , Poelzl G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the telemedically assisted post-discharge management program (DMP) HerzMobil Tirol (HMT) for heart failure (HF) patients in clinical practice in Austria.

Methods
We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis along a retrospective cohort study (2016–2019) of HMT with a propensity score matched cohort of 251 individuals in the HMT and 257 in the usual care (UC) group and a 1-year follow-up. We calculated the effectiveness (hospital-free survival, hospital-free life-years gained, and number of avoided rehospitalizations), costs (HMT, rehospitalizations), and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). We performed a nonparametric sensitivity analysis with bootstrap sampling and sensitivity analyses on costs of HF rehospitalizations and on costs per disease-related diagnosis (DRG) score for rehospitalizations.

Results
Base-case analysis showed that HMT resulted in an average of 42 additional hospital-free days, 40 additional days alive, and 0.12 avoided hospitalizations per patient-year compared with UC during follow-up. The average HMT costs were EUR 1916 per person. Mean rehospitalization costs were EUR 5551 in HMT and EUR 6943 in UC. The ICER of HMT compared to UC was EUR 4773 per life-year gained outside the hospital. In a sensitivity analysis, HMT was cost-saving when “non-HF related costs” related to the DMP were replaced with average costs.

Conclusions
The economic evaluation along the cohort study showed that the HerzMobil Tirol is very cost-effective compared to UC and cost-saving in a sensitivity analysis correcting for “non-HF related costs.” These findings promote a widespread adoption of telemedicine-assisted DMP for HF.

Graphical abstract
Exercise, cancer, and the cardiovascular system: clinical effects and mechanistic insights
Authors: Wernhart Simon , Rassaf Tienush 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the leading causes of death in the Western world and share common risk factors. Reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a major determinant of cardiovascular morbidity and cancer survival. In this review we discuss cancer- induced disturbances of parenchymal, cellular, and mitochondrial function, which limit CRF and may be antagonized and attenuated through exercise training. We show the impact of CRF on cancer survival and its attenuating effects on cardiotoxicity of cancer-related treatment. Tailored exercise programs are not yet available for each tumor entity as several trials were performed in heterogeneous populations without adequate cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) prior to exercise prescription and with a wide variation of exercise modalities. There is emerging evidence that exercise may be a crucial pillar in cancer treatment and a tool to mitigate cardiotoxic treatment effects. We discuss modalities of aerobic exercise and resistance training and their potential to improve CRF in cancer patients and provide an example of a periodization model for exercise training in cancer.
Environmental drivers of biogeography and community structure in a Mid-Atlantic estuary
Authors: Oleynik Haley A. , Bizzarro Joseph J. , Hale Edward A. , Carlisle Aaron B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEstuaries include some of the most productive yet anthropogenically impacted marine ecosystems on the planet, and provide critical habitat to many ecologically and economically important marine species. In order to elucidate ecological function in estuaries, we must understand what factors drive community dynamics. Delaware Bay is the third largest estuary in the United States and hosts over 200 species of migrant and resident fishes and invertebrates. The Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife has conducted two long-term trawl surveys at monthly intervals in Delaware Bay since 1966. The two surveys collect data on environmental conditions, species composition, and number of fishes and macroinvertebrates across different size classes and life histories. Using a suite of multivariate approaches including hierarchical cluster analysis, canonical correlation analysis, and permutational multivariate analysis of variance, we characterized the fish and macroinvertebrate community in Delaware Bay and found that community composition and environmental conditions varied across spatial and seasonal scales. We identified four distinct biogeographic regions, based on environmental conditions and community composition, which were consistent across surveys. We found that the community was driven primarily by gradients in temperature and salinity and that abundant, frequently occurring species in the Bay have well-defined environmental associations. Our work represents the first attempt to use an existing historical survey to better understand how environmental parameters influence diversity and distribution of macrofauna within Delaware Bay, providing insight into how abiotic variables, influenced by climate, may impact the Delaware Bay ecosystem and similar estuarine ecosystems worldwide.
Minimal Roman Dominating Functions: Extensions and Enumeration
Authors: Abu-Khzam Faisal N. , Fernau Henning , Mann Kevin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRoman domination is one of the many variants of domination that keeps most of the complexity features of the classical domination problem. We prove that Roman domination behaves differently in two aspects: enumeration and extension. We develop non-trivial enumeration algorithms for minimal Roman dominating functions with polynomial delay and polynomial space. Recall that the existence of a similar enumeration result for minimal dominating sets is open for decades. Our result is based on a polynomial-time algorithm for Extension Roman Domination: Given a graph $$G=(V,E)$$

G
=
(
V
,
E
)

and a function $$f:V\rightarrow \{0,1,2\}$$

f
:
V
→
{
0
,
1
,
2
}

, is there a minimal Roman dominating function $$\tilde{f}$$

f
~

with $$f\le \tilde{f}$$

f
≤

f
~

? Here, $$\le $$
≤
lifts $$0< 1< 2$$

0
<
1
<
2

pointwise; minimality is understood in this order. Our enumeration algorithm is also analyzed from an input-sensitive viewpoint, leading to a run-time estimate of $$\mathcal {O}(1.9332^n)$$

O
(
1
.

9332
n

)

for graphs of order n; this is complemented by a lower bound example of $$\Omega (1.7441^n)$$

Ω
(
1
.

7441
n

)

.
Edema related to treatment with psychotropic drugs
Authors: Engel Johanna , Haack Beatrice , Zolk Oliver , Greiner Timo , Heinze Martin , Toto Sermin , Seifert Johanna , Bleich Stefan , Glocker Catherine , Grohmann Renate , Schneider Michael , Stübner Susanne 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEdema as an adverse drug reaction is a commonly underestimated yet potentially debilitating condition. This study analyzes the incidence of severe psychotropic drug-induced edema (e.g., edema affecting the face, legs, or multiple body parts and lasting for more than 1 week, or in any case necessitating subsequent diuretic use) among psychiatric inpatients. The cases under examination are derived from an observational pharmacovigilance program conducted in German-speaking countries (“Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Psychiatrie”, AMSP) from 1993 to 2016. Among the 462,661 inpatients monitored, severe edema was reported in 231 cases, resulting in an incidence of 0.05%. Edema occurred more frequently in women (80% of all cases) and older patients (mean age 51.8 years). Pregabalin had the highest incidence of severe edema, affecting 1.46‰ of patients treated with pregabalin, followed by mirtazapine (0.8‰). The majority of edema cases showed a positive response to appropriate countermeasures, such as dose reduction and drug discontinuation, and resolved by the end of the observation period. While most instances of drug-induced edema are reversible, they can have a significant impact on patient well-being and potentially result in decreased treatment adherence. It is, therefore, crucial to remain vigilant regarding risk-increasing circumstances during treatment with psychotropic drugs.