bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two dimensional VOPBA reveals laminin receptor (LAMR1) interaction with dengue virus serotypes 1, 2 and 3
Authors: Tio Phaik Hooi , Jong Wan Wui , Cardosa Mary Jane 
Published: March 2005

Abstract

Background
The search for the dengue virus receptor has generated many candidates often identified only by molecular mass. The wide host range of the viruses in vitro combined with multiple approaches to identifying the receptor(s) has led to the notion that many receptors or attachment proteins may be involved and that the different dengue virus serotypes may utilize different receptors on the same cells as well as on different cell types.

Results
In this study we used sequential extraction of PS Clone D cell monolayers with the detergent β-octylglucopyranoside followed by sodium deoxycholate to prepare a cell membrane-rich fraction. We then used 2 dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis to separate the membrane proteins and applied a modified virus overlay protein binding assay (VOPBA) to show that dengue virus serotypes 1, 2 and 3 all interact with the 37 kDa/67 kDa laminin receptor (LAMR1), a common non-integrin surface protein on many cell types.

Conclusion
At least 3 of the 4 dengue serotypes interact with the 37 kDa/67 kDa laminin receptor, LAMR1, which may be a common player in dengue virus-cell surface interaction.
Use of the automatic tympanometer as a screening tool for congenital choanal atresia
Authors: Effat Kamal G 
Published: March 2005

Choanal atresia is a significant congenital anomaly, which may be associated with other congenital anomalies. Recommendations have been previously proposed for neonatal screening of all newborns to detect this condition. A previously unreported, simple method using the automatic tympanometer to screen newborns for congenital choanal atresia is proposed. A prospective study was performed over a one-month period on all newborns at El-Sahel Teaching Hospital, Cairo, to evaluate the efficacy of this manoeuvre. The nostrils of 143 newborn infants were evaluated during the study period. The sensitivity of the technique in diagnosing a patent nostril was 100 per cent. The specificity of the technique for detecting distal obstruction was 100 per cent. There were no complications of the described procedures. The study revealed that the novel method of screening for choanal atresia in newborns using the automatic tympanometer is simple, minimally invasive and highly reproducible.
Metal Ion Adsorption by Peat and Solvent-Extracted Peat
Authors: Minihan Michelle M. , McCann E. , Leahy James J. 
Published: March 2005

The effect of the solvent extraction of peat on the sorption behaviour of three divalent metal ions [iron(II), lead and barium] was examined. Solvent extraction of peat resulted in particles of a smaller size with a significantly increased surface area. The extracted peat also demonstrated an increase in cation-exchange capacity from 127.2 to 149.5 mequiv/100 g, apparently due to an increase in available phenolic groups. Adsorption experiments carried out at pH 4.5 on peat and on the solvent-extracted peat using the three metal ions showed that the sorption behaviour of Fe(II) and Pb(II) ions correlated strongly with the Langmuir isotherm whereas the behaviour of Ba(II) ions was better described by the Freundlich expression. When the two peat substrates were compared, the monolayer saturation capacity observed for the Fe(II) ion on peat was 0.357 mmol/g while a value of 0.420 mmol/g was recorded for the solvent-extracted peat, with solvent extraction of the peat leading to a more modest increase in Pb(II) ion adsorption. The increase in molar monolayer saturation capacity for the Fe(II) ion suggests that these smaller ions were bound preferentially to the strong phenolic sites, with Pb(II) ion adsorption occurring on the carboxylic sites. In the case of Ba(II) ions, interactions other than ion exchange contributed to the sorption behaviour.
Prediction of Blast Induced Air Overpressure in Opencast Mine
Authors: Khandelwal Manoj , Singh T. N. 
Published: March 2005

Blasting is still considered to be the most economical technique for rock excavation and displacement either on the surface or underground. The explosive energy, which fractures the rockmass is not fully utilized and only 20-30% of the energy is utilized in actual breakage of the rockmass, and the rest of the energy is spread in the form of ground vibration, air blast, flying rock, back break, etc. Air blast is considered to be one of the most detrimental side effects due to generation of noise. A generalized equation has been proposed by many researchers but due to its site specific constants, it cannot be used in other geo-mining conditions. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to predict the air blast using a neural network (NN) by incorporating the maximum charge per delay and distance between blast face to monitoring point. To investigate the appropriateness of this approach, the predictions by a NN are also compared with generalized equation of air overpressure and conventional statistical relations. For prediction of air overpressure, the data set has been taken from two different limestone mines for training of the network while validation of the network has been done by Magnesite mine data set. The network is trained by 41 datasets with 50 epochs and tested by 15 dataset. The correlation co-efficient determined by a NN was 0.9574 while correlation co-efficient were 0.3811 and 0.5258 by generalized equation and statistical analysis respectively. The Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) for a NN was 2.7437, whereas MAPE for generalized equation and statistical analysis were 8.6957 and 6.9179 respectively.
Pupils' evaluation and generation of evidence and explanation in argumentation
Authors: Glassner Amnon , Weinstock Michael , Neuman Yair 
Published: March 2005

Background. Studies on argument have found that participants tend to prefer explanations to evidence. This apparent bias toward explanation has been qualified recently by research that has found it to diminish with the availability of evidence.Aim. This study examines the use of explanation versus evidence in the context of argumentation with reference to the goals of particular argument situations.Sample. Seventy‐nine eighth‐grade pupils at a regular, urban middle school.Method. The pupils read argumentation scenarios, each having the stated goal of either explaining or proving a claim. The pupils rated the degree to which each of two provided assertions (one a theoretical explanation, and the other evidence‐based) helped achieve the goal of the argument. On a second task, the pupils chose which of the two assertions should be more effective in achieving the argument goal. On the third task, the pupils generated either an explanation or evidence for each of the argumentation scenarios.Results. Pupils demonstrated sensitivity to the relative epistemic strength of explanation and evidence. They rated explanations as more advantageous in achieving the explanation goal, and evidence as more advantageous in achieving the proof goal. Conversely, however, when asked to generate or recall an explanation or evidence, pupils produced more explanations than evidence independent of the argumentation goal.Conclusions. The study refines the definition of argumentation context to include specific goals. Pupils were sensitive to the context of the argumentation situation (e.g. goals, availability of evidence). However, they appeared to have a disposition toward explanation when asked to produce an explanation or evidence‐based justification.
Cognitive skills in mathematical problem solving in Grade 3
Authors: Desoete Annemie , Roeyers Herbert 
Published: March 2005

Background. Research on the relationship between cognitive skills and mathematical problem solving is usually conducted on adults or on participants with acquired deficits associated with brain injury (e.g. Cipolotti, 1995; Cohen, Dehaene, & Verstichel, 1994; McCloskey, 1992).Aims. In these studies we wanted to make a contribution to the field of children's mathematical problem solving. The first aim of this study was to investigate whether mathematical problem solving in children is merely determined by semantic elaboration, as hypothesized in some of the models of adult processing (semantic hypothesis). In addition, we aimed to investigate whether there is a continuum from very good to very poor mathematical problem solving among children with mathematical learning disabilities showing immature cognitive skills (maturational lag hypothesis).Sample. The participants were 376 third graders and 107 second graders.Method. The internal structure of the data was analysed with a principal components analysis. In addition, two MANOVA were conducted to compare children with learning disabilities or problems with age‐matched and performance‐matched subjects.Results. Two components, a semantic and a non‐semantic one, were needed to account for an adequate fit of the dataset. In addition, children with mathematical learning disabilities had less‐developed cognitive skills compared with peers without learning disabilities, but they did not differ from younger children on seven of the nine cognitive skills.Conclusions. This study highlighted that children's mathematical problem solving is not determined by one general component. The picture is more complex, since two mathematics components were found. In addition, although our findings point in the direction of the maturational lag hypothesis it may be important to assess the different cognitive skills and especially assess the number system knowledge, since it seems below average in children with mathematical learning disabilities, compared with the knowledge of younger children with comparable skills in mathematics.
Activity in children with ADHD during waiting situations in the classroom: A pilot study
Authors: Antrop Inge , Buysse Ann , Roeyers Herbert , Van Oost Paulette 
Published: March 2005

Background. According to the optimal stimulation theory and the delay aversion hypothesis, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience difficulties when they are confronted with low levels of stimulation and delay, respectively.Aim. This study investigated the activity level of children with ADHD during waiting situations in the classroom. Three series of hypothesis were made: (1) with respect to the comparison between waiting and non‐waiting intervals, (2) with respect to the effects of non‐temporal stimulation, and (3) with respect to the effects of temporal stimulation on behaviour during waiting.Sample and method. The activity level of 14 children with ADHD and 14 control children between the ages of 6 and 11 years was observed during two non‐waiting class situations and three waiting situations: without any stimulation, in the presence of non‐temporal stimulation and in the presence of temporal stimulation.Results. Both groups of children obtained higher activity scores for all behavioural dimensions during waiting compared with non‐waiting situations. The results further revealed additive effects of waiting and diagnostic group on behaviour. Additional non‐temporal stimulation during waiting affected the behaviour of all children for most behavioural characteristics. For noisiness, additive effects were also found for diagnostic group and either non‐temporal stimulation or temporal stimulation. For restlessness, a trend for an interaction effect between diagnostic group and non‐temporal stimulation was found.Conclusion. The findings have clear implications for school observations within an assessment protocol.
Alexithymia: Its prevalence and correlates in a British undergraduate sample
Authors: Mason O. , Tyson M. , Jones C. , Potts S. 
Published: March 2005

Introduction. Alexithymia is characterized by a difficulty identifying and describing emotional states, as well as an externally oriented thinking style. This study investigated the prevalence of alexithymia in a British undergraduate sample and assesses its relationship to both parental bonding and dissociation.Method. The Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS‐20), the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), and the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES) were administered to a sample of 181 male and 190 female undergraduate students from both arts and science subjects.Results. Rates of alexithymia were comparable with those observed in some other countries. Contrary to predictions, females were found to have higher rates than males, and the highest presence of alexithymia was in female science students. As in previous studies, alexithymia was linked to both dissociation and perceptions of a lack of maternal care, though the degree of association to the latter was small. Dissociative experiences were predicted by both maternal overprotection and difficulties identifying feelings.Discussion. Some qualified support was found for the relevance of early maternal bonding to later difficulties processing emotions. The presence of greater alexithymia in females, and female science students in particular, was discussed in reference to similar observations elsewhere. There was also an understandable relationship between ‘difficulty identifying feelings’ (TAS) and both depersonalization/derealization and absorption (DES).
Studies on the reactivity of fused thiazole toward nucleophilic reagents: Synthesis of new thiazolo‐derivatives of potential antischistosomal activity
Authors: Manhi Fatma M. , Mahmoud Madiha R. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractSchistosomiasis is considered one of the most important human helminth infection in terms of morbidity and infectivity (Chitsulo et al. Acta Trop 2000, 77, 41; Engles et al. Acta Trop 2002, 82, 139; Shelly et al. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1993, 60, 93). Derivatives of 2‐amino‐5‐nitrothiazoles have shown activity against Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) and Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium), but due to their toxic effect we synthesized new derivatives of a heteroaromatic amine with thiazole moiety. Required thiazole derivatives were prepared via 1 and 2. In this work, two batches of animals were used to test the efficacy of 10 derivatives of thiazole against schistosomiasis. The first batch of Swiss albino mice was infected with S. mansoni and was treated with 5 × 50 mg/kg b.w. The second batch of golden hamsters was infected with S. haematobium and was treated with 5 × 100 mg/kg b.w. Parasitological parameters, biochemical studies, and granuloma diameter were estimated. Results indicated that in the case of S. mansoni infected mice, compounds 2 (2‐amino‐4‐thiazoliniminium chloride) and 20 (2,4‐diamino thiazole) showed moderate efficacy (50% worm reduction). While compounds 18 (4‐dicyanomethylene‐4, 5‐dihydrothiazo‐2‐yl)‐N,N‐dimethylimidoformamide) and 21 2‐(dimethylamino) methylene‐1,3‐thiazol‐4‐yl)‐N,N‐dimethylimidoformamide) showed 83% and 90% worm reduction with some normalization of liver function and significant reduction in hepatic granuloma diameters. In the case of S. haematobium infected hamsters, compound 15 showed reduction of worms by about 50% with improvement in kidney function. The high effect of compounds 18 and 21 compared to 2, 15, and 20 could be attributed to the dimethylimidoformamide moieties combined with the thiazole ring. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 16:121–222, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20072
Prevention and treatment of amputation neuroma by an atelocollagen tube in rat sciatic nerves
Authors: Sakai Yasuo , Ochi Mitsuo , Uchio Yuji , Ryoke Koji , Yamamoto Soichiro 
Published: March 2005

AbstractTo evaluate the potential of the atelocollagen tube as a cap for amputation neuromas, the histological and histochemical characteristics of the neuroma and spinal cord were compared with those following silicone capping. Four weeks after the transection of 18 rat sciatic nerves, the amputated neuroma was resected, and the nerve stump inserted into an atelocollagen or silicone tube. The histological changes in the nerve ends and c‐fos expression in the dorsal horn of the fourth lumbar spinal cord were evaluated at 4 weeks postoperatively. The regenerated nerve structure in the atelocollagen or silicone tube was very thin. In contrast, a typical bulbous neuroma was observed in the control group (the nerve stump was left in place). The atelocollagen and silicone tube groups demonstrated fewer c‐fos–expressed cells in the spinal cord than the controls. These results suggest that capping by an atelocollagen tube, like that by a silicone tube, might successfully prevent an amputated neuroma from forming, and suppress induced pain. The atelocollagen tube may be a promising biomaterial for the prevention or treatment of a painful amputation neuroma. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater
Ultrastructural analysis of guided nerve regeneration using progesterone‐ and pregnenolone‐loaded chitosan prostheses
Authors: Chávez‐Delgado M. E. , Gomez‐Pinedo U. , Feria‐Velasco A. , Huerta‐Viera M. , Castro Castañeda S. , López‐Dellamary Toral F. A. , Parducz A. , Luquín‐De Anda S. , Mora‐Galindo J. , García‐Estrada J. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractRecently, numerous guide chambers for the treatment of injured nerves made up of different biomaterials have been designed, capable of hosting living cells or carrying neurotrophic or neuroactive substances to be directly released to the injured tissue. In this study, chitosan prostheses containing neurosteroids (progesterone and pregnenolone) were used for bridging a 10‐mm gap in the rabbit facial nerve. Gas chromatography was used to quantify neurosteroid content in the prostheses prior to and after subcutaneous implantation at different periods of up to 60 days. The regeneration of the nerve fibers were evaluated at 15 and 45 days after axotomy by means of ultrastructural morphometric analysis. Different nerve fibers regenerative patterns were seen depending the groups studied and the analyzed stages. At 15 days after axotomy, the newly regenerating tissue revealed Schwann cells holding nonmyelinated nerve fiber bundles in an incipient and organized regenerative pattern. At 45 days, the regenerating tissue showed myelinated nerve fibers of different sizes, shapes, and myelin sheath thickness. Although the regeneration of the nerve fibers under neurosteroid treatment showed statistically significant differences in comparison with vehicle regenerated tissue, progesterone‐loaded chitosan prostheses produced the best guided nerve regeneration response. These findings indicate that chitosan prostheses allowed regeneration of nerve fibers in their lumen, and when containing neurosteroids produced a faster guided nerve regeneration acting as a long‐lasting release delivery vehicle. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater
A randomized crossover trial to examine administration techniques related to the Bristol female lower urinary tract symptom (BFLUTS) questionnaire
Authors: Khan Mohid S. , Chaliha Charlotte , Leskova Lucia , Khullar Vik 
Published: March 2005

AbstractAimsTo investigate whether two methods of assessing lower urinary tract symptoms, interview‐assisted standardized questionnaires, and self‐completed standardized questionnaires, were comparable.MethodsWomen referred to a tertiary urogynecology urodynamic clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms were recruited. The psychometrically robust Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (BFLUTS) questionnaire was used to assess urinary symptoms. A randomized crossover design for questionnaire completion was used: Group A—an initial interview‐assisted questionnaire at the urodynamic clinic with a follow‐up postal questionnaire; or Group B—an initial pre‐out‐patient postal questionnaire followed up by a second interview‐assisted questionnaire whilst attending a scheduled urodynamic clinic.ResultsA total of 114 women were randomized for initial questionnaire administration method to achieve 72 completed sets (63%). Total scores were higher on self‐completion compared to interview, this difference was not significant [t = −1.951, P > 0.05]. No item had perfect agreement between postal and interview methods and generally, interview‐assisted questions had lower scores, indicating better health status. The items with the worst agreement (slight or moderate) were those concerned with sexual health, with women giving lower scores, exaggerating health on interview. For example bother of vaginal discomfort (κw = 0.09), compared to question assessing frequency (κw = 0.65).ConclusionsThis data suggests women respond differently to the BFLUTS questionnaire when data is collected by self‐completion in the woman's home compared to interviews. No individual question item had perfect agreement between the two methods of administration. Overall, individual question items were scored higher on self‐completion than interview. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acupuncture for nocturnal enuresis in children: A systematic review and exploration of rationale
Authors: Bower Wendy F. , Diao M. , Tang J.L. , Yeung C.K. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractObjectivesThis review identified reports of acupuncture for childhood nocturnal enuresis, with the aim of ascertaining whether acupuncture is efficacious and or better than standard therapy for treating enuresis.Materials and MethodsStudies of children of either gender <18 years of age who received acupuncture treatment for nocturnal enuresis, were considered. The primary outcome measure was change in the mean number of wet episodes following treatment. Electronic searching was supplemented by hand searching of western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) journals along with English language alternative medicine journals. Trials were assessed for quality and sources of bias. Meta‐analysis was performed and the overall weighted odds ratio (OR) and associated 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed using the fixed effect model; the Forest plot was used to demonstrate results.ResultsTwo hundred six abstracts were identified, of which 11 studies were eligible for data extraction. All the trials were of low methodological quality. There was some evidence that acupuncture is useful for nocturnal enuresis when used in conjunction with other treatment that may also include a different form of acupuncture (OR 3.98, CI: 2.2–7.2). When one form of acupuncture is compared with another there was marked heterogeneity, implying that some forms of acupuncture are effective.ConclusionThis review provides tentative evidence for the efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment of childhood nocturnal enuresis. Due to the low methodological quality of studies, evidence to identify, which parameters of acupuncture work best, is lacking. More rigorous trials are clearly warranted. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact properties, phase structure, compatibility, and fracture morphology of polyamide‐1010/thermoplastic poly(ester urethane) elastomer blends
Authors: Zhang Shu‐Ling , Wang Gui‐Bin , Jiang Zhen‐Hua , Wang Dong , Ma Rong‐Tang , Wu Zhong‐Wen 
Published: March 2005

AbstractBlends of polyamide‐1010 (PA1010) and a thermoplastic poly(ester urethane) elastomer (TPU) were prepared by melt extrusion. The impact properties, phase structure, compatibility, and fracture morphology under impact were investigated for PA1010/TPU blends. The results indicated that TPU enhanced the impact strength of PA1010, and the best impact modification effect of the blends was obtained with 20 wt % TPU. The phase structure was investigated with scanning electron microscopy, and the compatibility was investigated with dynamic mechanical analysis and small‐angle X‐ray scattering. The study of the fracture morphology of PA1010/TPU blends indicated that the fracture surface of the blends had special features, consisting of many fibrillar elastomer particles and a conglutination–multilayer structure, as well as many small tubers on this structure. These fracture phenomena could not be found on the fracture surface of pure PA1010. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1177–1185, 2005