bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the clinical effect of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy combined with annulus fibrosus repair in the treatment of single-segment lumbar disc herniation in young and middle-aged patients
Authors: Zhao Ya-fei , Tian Bin-wu , Ma Qiu-shuang , Zhang Meng 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) combined with annulus fibrosus repair in the treatment of single-segment lumber disc herniation (LDH) in young and middle-aged patients.
Methods: Ninty-six patients with single-segment LDH admitted to Baoding First Central Hospital from March 2021 to November 2022 were selected in the retrospective study. The patients were divided into endoscopic group and combined group according to different surgical methods. The surgical conditions, VAS score and ODI score the two groups of patients were compared, as well as the postoperative review results.
Results: There were 50 patients in the endoscopic group the average operation time was 43.68 ± 10.77 minutes, the average intraoperative blood loss was 35.38 ± 10.02 ml, there were seven cases of surgical segment recurrence and 10 cases of postoperative intervertebral instability at the surgical segment. There were 46 patients in the combined group, the average operation time was 52.26 ± 8.39 minutes, the average intraoperative blood loss was 39.23 ± 9.02ml, there was one case of surgical segment recurrence and two cases of surgical segment intervertebral instability. The operation time (t=-4.328, P<0.01), postoperative recurrence cases (χ2=4.386, P<0.05) and intervertebral instability cases (χ2=5.366, P<0.05) of the two groups of patients). The difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (t=-1.965, P>0.05). For six months after surgery, the differences in VAS and ODI scores between the two groups were statistically significant. In addition, there were statistically significant differences in the VAS scores and ODI scores of the two groups of patients at each time point after surgery compared with those before surgery (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of PTED combined with annulus fibrosus repair showed better clinical efficacy than PTED alone, and it can reduce the occurrence of surgical segment recurrence and intervertebral instability, suggesting that PTED combined with annulus fibrosus repair may be worthy of promotion in clinical practice.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.3419
How to cite this: Zhao Y, Tian B, Ma Q, Zhang M. Study on the clinical effect of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy combined with annulus fibrosus repair in the treatment of single-segment lumbar disc herniation in young and middle-aged patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.3419
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The clinical value of serum-related indexes in differentiating simple premature thelarche from idiopathic central precocious puberty
Authors: Cui Hai-jing , Liu Peng , Liu Xin-guang , Du Wen-zhong , Wang Xia 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To explore the changes of serum-related indexes at different time points, so as to identify the critical time of converting from simple premature thelarche (PT) to idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP).
Methods: This is a retrospective study. The subjects of the study were 50 girls with PT who were admitted to the Children’s Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2019 to September 2020. The enrolled 50 children were divided into the conversion group(n=12) and the non-conversion group(n=38) according to whether PT was converted into ICPP during follow-up. Furthermore, the levels of serum-related indexes and uterine and ovarian volumes were compared after the diagnosis of PT.
Results: The IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels of children in the conversion group began to change significantly from six months after the diagnosis, with statistically significant differences when compared with the levels of children at the initial diagnosis, three months and those of the non-conversion group at the same time points (p<0.05). The levels of vitamin-D, DHEA and leptin began to change significantly at nine months after the diagnosis (p<0.05). Besides, uterine and ovarian volumes in the conversion group began to increase significantly six months after the diagnosis, with statistically significant differences when compared with those in the non-conversion group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Findings in our study suggest that regular monitoring of vitamin-D, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, DHEA and leptin levels, and uterine and ovarian volumes can predict the conversion from PT to ICPP at an early stage.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7447
How to cite this: Cui H, Liu P, Liu X, Du W, Wang X. The clinical value of serum-related indexes in differentiating simple premature thelarche from idiopathic central precocious puberty. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7447
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Changes in the levels of WBC count, PCT, CRP and ESR in Patients with acute Community-acquired Lower Respiratory tract infections and their diagnostic value
Authors: Li Na , Jia Yinan , Feng Jianen , Chang Hu , Li Siqi 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To investigate the levels of white blood cell count (WBC), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in patients with acute community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections and the value of their combined detection in predicting the occurrence of complications.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 218 patients with acute community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021. All patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of complications during treatment: the group with complications (observation group) and the group without complications (control group). The treatment situation of the two groups was compared, and their levels of WBC, PCT, CRP and ESR were quantitatively detected and compared.
Results: Patients in the observation group were hospitalized for significantly longer days than those in the control group (P<0.05), and their combined pleural effusion percentage and oxygen uptake rate were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of WBC, PCT, CRP and ESR in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group at admission, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Moreover, the positive rates of WBC, PCT, CRP and ESR in the observation group were higher than those in the control group in the single detection and the combined detection (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The combined detection of WBC, PCT, CRP and ESR has substantial predictive value in predicting the occurrence of complications in patients with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7699
How to cite this: Riaz A, Sughra U, Jawaid SA, Masood J. Measurement of Service Quality Gaps in Dental Services using SERVQUAL in Public Hospitals of Rawalpindi. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7699
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
PDX1 Methylation, NGN3 and Pax6 Expression Levels in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and their association with neonatal blood sugars and birth weight
Authors: Su Yuanyuan , Li Jingjing , Chen Limin , Lian Hongnan , Qie Yamin 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To investigate the correlation of maternal PDX1 methylation, NGN3 and Pax6 expression levels with neonatal blood sugars and birth weight in pregnant women with GDM and non GDM.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. Total 80 pregnant women who were examined and delivered in the Department of Obstetrics of Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from January 2019 to June 2022 were recruited and divided into two groups according to the results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): the control group and the observation group, with 40 cases in each group. PDXl methylation rate was measured by the methylation-specific PCR method, whereas gene expression levels of PDX1, NGN3 and Pax6 were measured by RT-PCR meanwhile, neonatal blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were also measured.
Results: In comparison with the control group, the observation group had higher levels of FBG, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG) and HbA1c (P<0.05). Neonatal birth weight and insulin levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while Apgar scores and blood glucose were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). Moreover, the observation group had significantly lower gene expression levels of PDX1, NGN3 and Pax6, and a higher PDX1 methylation rate than the control group (P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between neonatal blood glucose levels and PDX1, NGN3 and Pax6 levels in the observation group, with statistical significance (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Changes in maternal PDX1 methylation, NGN3 and Pax6 expression levels may lead to abnormal glucose metabolism in neonates, which has a close bearing on neonatal hypoglycemia and blood glucose levels caused by GDM.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7700
How to cite this: Su Y, Li J, Chen L, Lian H, Qie Y. PDX1 Methylation, NGN3 and Pax6 Expression Levels in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and their association with neonatal blood sugars and birth weight. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7700
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Outcome of arthroscopic triple release combined with rotator cuff repair in the treatment of rotator cuff injury combined with frozen shoulder
Authors: Hu Jieliang , Wei Kongxing , Xu Yinping , Chen Liyuan 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To investigate the effect of arthroscopic triple release combined with rotator cuff repair in the treatment of rotator cuff injury combined with frozen shoulder and its influence on the range of motion and pain score of shoulder joint, and the levels of serum pain mediators.
Methods: This was prospective study. A total of 132 patients with rotator cuff injury combined with frozen shoulder admitted to The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2020 to December 2022 were prospectively selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method: control group (n=67) and observation group (n=65). Patients in the control group were treated with arthroscopic rotator cuff repair alone, while those in the observation group were treated with arthroscopic triple release combined with rotator cuff repair, and the surgical effects of the two groups were compared.
Results: Three months after treatment, the external rotation, internal rotation, abduction, forward flexion, β-endorphin(β-EP), prostagranin E2 (PGE2) and substance P(SP)in the observation group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05), while the weight-bearing strength of the affected limb in internal rotation, external rotation and forward flexion was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). Meanwhile, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at one month and three months after treatment, while the University of California at Los Angeles shoulder rating scale (UCLA) score and Constant-Murley Score (CMS) were higher than those of the control group (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Arthroscopic triple release combined with rotator cuff repair improves various effects for patients with rotator cuff injury combined with frozen shoulder, such as ameliorating the muscle strength of the affected limb and improving the level of pain mediators.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7709
How to cite this: Hu J, Wei K, Xu Y, Chen L. Outcome of arthroscopic triple release combined with rotator cuff repair in the treatment of rotator cuff injury combined with frozen shoulder. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7709
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of nutritional intervention in child health care on improving growth and development and disease prevention of infants
Authors: Du Juan , Huang Feiyan , Tang Zhanghua 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To explore the outcome of nutritional intervention in child health care on infant growth and disease prevention.
Methods: It was a retrospective study. Ninty-two infants who received child health intervention in The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from September 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group (46 cases, routine health intervention) and observation group (46 cases, nutritional intervention based on the control group) using the sealed envelope system. The growth and development, nutritional diseases and guardian satisfaction of the two groups were compared.
Results: The scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group in gross motor, fine motor, language and individual-social aspects. The total incidence of nutritional diseases in the observation group (2.17%) was lower than that in the control group (17.39%); In terms of total satisfaction rate, the observation group (100.00%) was higher than the control group (86.96%), with a statistical difference (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Applying nutrition intervention to child health care plays an important role in maintaining the healthy growth and development of infants and reducing the incidence of nutritional diseases such as anemia and rickets. It needs to be promoted in clinical practice.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7720
How to cite this: Du J, Huang F, Tang Z. Effect of nutritional intervention in child health care on improving growth and development and disease prevention of infants. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7720
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison of analgesic effects between erector spinae and transversus abdominis plane blocks in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Chen Hui , Li Junshi , Zuo Jianfeng , Zhang Xiping 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To compare the analgesic effects and incidence of postoperative adverse events after the erector spine plane (ESP) and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).
Methods: In this retrospective observational study, clinical data of 103 patients undergoing LC in Changxing County People’s Hospital from October 2020 to October 2022 were retrospectively reviewed, and the patients were divided into ESP-group (n=56) and TAP-group (n=57) based on the block method. The operation time, the change of visual analogue scale (VAS) score of static (sVAS) and dynamic (dVAS) pain after operation, the patient-controlled dose, and the remedial analgesic dose at 24 hours after the operation were compared between the two groups. The occurrence of postoperative adverse reactions in both groups was recorded.
Results: The dVAS scores of the ESP-group at one hour, three hours, six hours, and 12 hours after the operation were lower than those of the TAP-group (P<0.05). The patient-controlled dose and remedial analgesia dose of the ESP-group were significantly lower than those of the TAP-group (P<0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusions: ESP block and TAP block in LC patients have similar operation time and incidence of postoperative adverse events such as nausea and vomiting. However, short-term postoperative analgesic effect of ESP block is superior to TAP and requires a lower dose of analgesia.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8284
How to cite this: Chen H, Li J, Zuo J, Zhang X. Comparison of analgesic effects between erector spinae and transversus abdominis plane blocks in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8284
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on health of women in Pakistan - Socioeconomic perspective
Authors: Moazzam Baig Amena , Riaz Musarrat , Moazzam Amani , Bokharey Iram Zehra 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study investigates the dimensions of women’s experiences during the COVID-19 lockdown in Pakistan, considering their historical vulnerability to natural disasters.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pakistan from May to September 2020 at Services institute of medical Sciences, Lahore. An online survey collected socio-demographic data, household responsibilities, and access to medical services using a self-designed questionnaire. Women aged 18 years and above (n=1307) were included through convenience sampling. Data analysis utilized SPSS 20.0.
Results: Of the surveyed women, 10 (14.9%) experienced improved health outcomes, while 39 (58.27%) faced poor health outcomes. Proper access to medical services was reported by 29 (43.3%) participants, while 38 (57.1%) had no access. Two women (3.0%) conceived during the lockdown. 45 (67.2%) women lived in nuclear families, and 21 (31.3%) in joint family systems. Additionally, 46 (68.7%) women were significantly burdened with household chores, while 21 (31.3%) had a normal routine. Among COVID-19-positive respondents, 70% reported weight gain from increased screen time and sedentary lifestyle. Difficulties in managing children’s online classes were reported by 34.6% of participants. Moreover, 84% had a monthly income below one hundred thousand PKR. Among women aged 23-28 years, 30.9% had adverse effect on their husband’s income, and 4.7% experienced unemployment. Unfortunately, 16% of respondents lost a relative due to COVID-19. Even with access to health facilities.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 lockdown in Pakistan led to adverse socioeconomic and health outcomes for women. These findings highlight the measures needed to address women’s challenges amid pandemic impact.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8312
How to cite this: Baig AM, Riaz M, Moazzam A, Bokharey IZ. Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on health of women in Pakistan- Socioeconomic perspective. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8312
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Financial and Economic Prerequisites for the Reorganization of the Production System of the Machine-Building Complex
Authors: Slavyanov A. , Garnov Andrey 
Published: December 2023

The production system of the domestic economy, built on the basis of long-term contracts with suppliers of objects of labor and consumers of products, has shown its instability in the conditions of modern instability of the external environment.
In the study, machine-building enterprises were classified on the basis of specialization into three groups that have specific opportunities for adapting to the external environment. It is determined that the main prerequisites for a largescale reorganization of the domestic production system are threats to the sovereignty of the state, the many times increased need of the national economy for various complex technical objects and spare parts, and financial and logistical instability. The departure of foreign investors from the Russian market created the conditions for expanding the market share of domestic companies and increasing output. In conditions of instability, it is proposed to reorganize the current production model into flexible production systems.