bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Operational process stability in pilot dry anaerobic digester of source‐sorted organic fraction municipal solid waste
Authors: Zainal Afifi , Harun Razif , Yahya Liyana , Idrus Syazwani 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a major portion of solid waste in Malaysia, with 44.5% of the total waste being food waste‐derived sources. This study investigates the performance of dry anaerobic digester (DAD) operation using the pilot dry anaerobic digester (PDAD), a plug flow reactor, in treating source‐sorted organic fraction municipal solid waste (SS‐OFMSW) for biogas production. A commercial Malaysian food waste (CMFW) sample has been used to represent SS‐OFMSW. The anaerobic digestion was performed in a semi‐continuous operation using a 15 m3 PDAD with organic loading rates (OLRs) ranging from .63 to 5.46 kg volatile solid (VS)/m3·day under mesophilic conditions. The maximum methane composition was achieved at 56.0% at OLR 5.17 kg VS/m3·day with specific methane production (SMP) of .57 m3·CH4/kg VSfed and gas production rate (GPR) 5.27 m3·gas/m3·digester·day. As indicated by a pH and alkalinity ratio, the PDAD system was stable ranging from pH 6.7 to 8.3, alkalinity ratio of .3 with an inclination of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) up to 1056 mg/L. The SMP achieved is between 1.58 and .4 m3·CH4/kg VSfed and potentially to fuelled 475 MW commercial biogas plant fed by CMFW. The DAD deployment strengthened the circular economy and decarbonization initiatives.
Single and hybrid effects of nano‐TiO2 and ‐ZnO particles on multifunctional properties of textiles
Authors: Kara Sukran , Nurlu Tugba , Yavaş Ahmet 
Published: January 2024

AbstractImpregnation of nano‐metal oxides can provide functional properties to textiles, like UV protection and self‐cleaning properties. These properties are quite important as they can provide protection against UV damage, help to reduce cleaning efforts, improve the ease of maintenance, and help to protect the water resources. The usage of nanoparticles improves multifunctional effects due to their high surface area. Therefore, in this study, nano‐sized TiO2 and ZnO were applied to cotton fabrics as single type or hybrids with different concentrations to reveal their effects on multifunctional properties (UV‐protection, self‐cleaning, wettability, photocatalytic activity). Also, the weight and air permeability of samples were determined to evaluate their usability. Scanning electron microscopy, x‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were also utilized to analyze the samples. According to the results, some samples exhibited good–very good UV protection. Up to 78.5% photocatalytic degradation of organic dye was achieved by nano‐TiO2 application. According to self‐cleaning test results, nano‐TiO2 applied samples showed yellowing after UV irradiation. Hybrid‐coated samples were more advantageous regarding self‐cleaning, especially against cherry juice stains. The staining and wettability results of the samples were in accordance. Weight and air permeability changes were acceptable to maintain the usage of the samples for clothing and other applications.
Phosphate and nitrogen‐rich polyelectrolyte complex flame retardant treatment for cotton fleece
Authors: Smith Dallin L. , Cotton Sidney M. , Vest Natalie A. , Montemayor Maya D. , Grunlan Jaime C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe soft nap and deep pile that impart comfort and warmth to cotton fleece also amplify its flammability. Using ambient aqueous processing, an environmentally benign polyelectrolyte complex (PEC), consisting of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and sodium hexametaphosphate, was deposited on cotton fleece. This treatment adds only 12.5% weight, reduces peak heat release by 68% and total heat release by 74%, and protects from fire via intumescence. Without treatment, fleece burns aggressively with long afterburn and afterglow times, leaving no residue. With the applied PEC, the fabric self‐extinguishes within a few seconds and exhibits no afterglow. In addition, it withstands at least five simulated laundering cycles in alkaline detergent, maintaining a 57% reduction in fire growth capacity afterward. The original soft surface can be restored to the fleece by manual brushing. This simple and environmentally benign treatment provides an opportunity to effectively protect highly flammable textured cellulosic textiles in a safe way.
Linkage vector autoregressive model
Authors: Asai Manabu , So Mike K. P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo accommodate linkage effects of individuals, we develop a new linkage vector autoregressive (LAR) model for dynamic panel data. A main feature of the LAR model is incorporating dynamic network information in autoregressive time series modeling. The dynamic network can be given, or we can formulate the network links as a function of historical data, where unknown parameters of the function can be estimated from the data. We propose a simulation technique to check the stationarity condition of the LAR model and suggest a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method for estimation. Empirical results for the quarterly growth rates of gross domestic product (GDP) in 45 countries indicate that (i) the autoregressive (AR) coefficient for the aggregated growth rate is hard to distinguish from zero; (ii) a panel AR model with individual effects has a positive autocorrelation; and (iii) the alternative LAR models are preferred to the panel AR model. Depending on the specification of the linkage variables, the sign and size of the linkage effect can differ. The logistic linkage function has a flexible structure to accommodate the size of the linkage of individual GDP growth rates, and it strengthens the dynamics.
Characterization of Manganese Acetate Hydrate Solutions and Their Potential Use for Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Tachouaft Chalal , Kahri Hamza , Wang Liwen , Nikiforidis Georgios , Anouti Mérièm 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhile there have been numerous studies on the use of manganese acetate for electrode manufacture, scarce reports exist on the utility of manganese acetate electrolytes for energy storage applications. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the thermal, volumetric, and transport properties of manganese acetate hydrate solutions and highlights their potential for use in energy storage applications. Noteworthy thermal behaviours, phase transitions, and strong interactions between manganese cations, acetate anions, and water molecules are observed. Transport properties reveal salt concentration‘s impact (0.4–3.9 mol L−1) on viscosity and conductivity, with higher concentrations (>2.5 mol L−1) indicating increased interaction. The non‐Arrhenius behaviour in conductivity is elucidated using the Vogel‐Fulcher‐Tammann model, accentuating the unique properties of these solutions compared to other aqueous electrolytes due to the role of acetate ligands. The formulated two‐electrode symmetric supercapacitors exhibit pseudocapacitive behaviour, reversible redox reactions (Mn2+/Mn3+), and salt concentration‐dependent specific capacitance. Manganese acetate as an electrolyte leads to reversible manganese dioxide deposition, with its concentration affecting redox reactions and capacitance. Molecular simulations support the observed electrochemical performance, emphasizing the Mn2+‐acetate complexation. Long‐term cycling experiments demonstrate stability over 2000 cycles, with a stable specific capacitance of 130 F g−1 and a gradual coulombic efficiency decrease (~97 %). The results of this work underscore the potential of manganese acetate hydrate solutions as a stable, effective and green electrolyte for energy storage applications.
Data‐Driven Online Prognosis of Rechargeable Batteries: Prospect and Perspective
Authors: Liu Kun‐Yu , Wang Ting‐Ting , Liu Xinyan , Peng Hong‐Jie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlong with the growing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) and smart grids, rechargeable batteries are playing an increasingly important role in the field of energy storage. To ensure a safe and stable operation, it remains essential to estimate the states of batteries accurately and efficiently in advance. Herein, we provide a perspective on data‐driven online prognosis of rechargeable batteries, where its scope and superiorities are first introduced. Four promising application scenarios in real world including battery manufacture, EVs, smart grid, and battery recycling are then discussed, followed by the challenges that require further investigation. We anticipate this perspective to attract more interest to this field, to illuminate potential directions for future researches, and to broaden the context of data‐driven physical and engineering sciences.
Development of a novel quality by design–enabled stability‐indicating HPLC method and its validation for the quantification of nirmatrelvir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Alegete Pallavi , Byreddy Saisudha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA systematic and novel quality by design–enabled, rapid, simple, and economic stability–indicating HPLC method for quantifying nirmatrelvir (NMT) was successfully developed and validated. An analytical target profile (ATP) was established, and critical analytical attributes (CAAs) were allocated to meet the ATP requirements. The method used chromatographic separation using a Purosphere column with a 4.6 mm inner diameter × 250 mm (2.5 μm). The analysis occurred at 50°C with a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min and detection at 220 nm. A 10 μL sample was injected, and the mobile phase consisted of two components: mobile phase A, containing 0.1% formic acid in water (20%), and mobile phase B, containing 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile (80%). The diluent was prepared by mixing acetonitrile and water at a 90:10 v/v ratio. The retention time for the analyte was determined to be 2.78 min. Accuracy exceeded 99%, and the correlation coefficient was greater than 0.999. The validated HPLC method was characterized as precise, accurate, and robust. Significantly, NMT was found to be susceptible to alkaline, acidic, and peroxide conditions during forced degradation testing. The stability‐indicating method developed effectively separated the degradation products formed during stress testing, underlining its effectiveness in stability testing and offering accuracy, reliability, and sensitivity in determining NMT.
Structure of crude polysaccharides from Atractylodes lancea rhizome and treatment of diarrhea owing to spleen deficiency through intestinal flora
Authors: Wang Yue , Wang Sheng , Wang Tie‐Lin , Chang Li‐kun , Zhou Jun‐Hui , Yang Ke , Guo Lan‐Ping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo optimize the extraction process of crude polysaccharides from Atractylodes and elaborate the mechanism of Atractylodes polysaccharides in treating diarrhea owing to spleen deficiency, so as to lay a foundation for further development and utilization of Atractylodes lancea, we used an orthogonal test to optimize the extraction process and established a model of spleen deficiency. It was further combined with histopathology and intestinal flora to elaborate the mechanism of Atractylodes polysaccharides in the treatment of spleen‐deficiency diarrhea. The optimized extraction conditions were as follows: the ratio of material to liquid was 1:25; the rotational speed was 150 rpm; the extraction temperature was 60°C; the extraction time was 2 h; and the extraction rate was about 23%. The therapeutic effect of Atractylodes polysaccharides on a spleen‐deficiency diarrhea model in mice showed that the water content of stools and diarrhea grade in the treatment group were alleviated, and the levels of gastrin, motilin and d‐xylose were improved. The analysis results based on gut microbiota showed that the model group had a higher diversity of gut microbiota than the normal group and treatment group, and the treatment group could correct the diversity of gut microbiota in model mice. Analysis based on the level of phylum and genus showed that the treatment group could inhibit the abundance of Helicobacter pylori genus and increase beneficial bacteria genera. The conclusion was that the optimized extraction process of Atractylodes polysaccharides was reasonable and feasible, and had a good therapeutic effect on spleen deficiency diarrhea.
In situ light‐activated materials for skin wound healing and repair: A narrative review
Authors: Yaron Jordan R. , Gosangi Mallikarjun , Pallod Shubham , Rege Kaushal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDermal wounds are a major global health burden made worse by common comorbidities such as diabetes and infection. Appropriate wound closure relies on a highly coordinated series of cellular events, ultimately bridging tissue gaps and regenerating normal physiological structures. Wound dressings are an important component of wound care management, providing a barrier against external insults while preserving the active reparative processes underway within the wound bed. The development of wound dressings with biomaterial constituents has become an attractive design strategy due to the varied functions intrinsic in biological polymers, such as cell instructiveness, growth factor binding, antimicrobial properties, and tissue integration. Using photosensitive agents to generate crosslinked or photopolymerized dressings in situ provides an opportunity to develop dressings rapidly within the wound bed, facilitating robust adhesion to the wound bed for greater barrier protection and adaptation to irregular wound shapes. Despite the popularity of this fabrication approach, relatively few experimental wound dressings have undergone preclinical translation into animal models, limiting the overall integrity of assessing their potential as effective wound dressings. Here, we provide an up‐to‐date narrative review of reported photoinitiator‐ and wavelength‐guided design strategies for in situ light activation of biomaterial dressings that have been evaluated in preclinical wound healing models.
Mesoporous Ceria and Ceria‐Praseodymia as High Surface Area Supports for Pd‐based Catalysts with Enhanced Methane Oxidation Activity
Authors: Ballauri Sabrina , Sartoretti Enrico , Castellino Micaela , Armandi Marco , Piumetti Marco , Fino Debora , Russo Nunzio , Bensaid Samir 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, Pd/CeO2 materials have proven to be effective catalysts for the total oxidation of methane. In this work, three different synthesis routes were used to prepare high specific surface area supports, consisting of pure CeO2 and 10 at% Pr‐doped ceria (Ce90Pr10). Nano‐structured spheres were obtained with a microwave‐assisted synthesis, dumbbell‐like particles were produced through a urea‐based hydrothermal method, and ordered mesoporous oxides were prepared by using SBA‐15 as hard‐template. The six materials were then impregnated with 2 wt% Pd, calcined at 500 °C, and comprehensively characterized. All the samples retained their high surface area after impregnation (75–110 m2 g−1), allowing a good dispersion of palladium. No significant structural or morphological differences were observed upon Pr doping, but a higher Pd oxidation state was induced by Pr‐doped supports. However, all Pd/CeO2 and Pd/Ce90Pr10 catalysts exhibited similar activity for dry methane oxidation below 500 °C, regardless of the synthesis technique and of the Pr presence: they all achieved almost complete CH4 oxidation at 400 °C, showing a really remarkable improvement with respect to analogous low surface area supports. A promoting role of Pr was instead noticed in wet conditions, thanks to its ability to counteract water‐induced deactivation phenomena.
The Metamorphosis of Mg(SO3CF3)2‐based Electrolytes for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries
Authors: Chen Jinlong , Tan Shuangshuang , Li Lingjie , Huang Guangsheng , Wang Jingfeng , Pan Fusheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCost‐effective, non‐corrosive and non‐nucleophilic Mg(SO3CF3)‐based electrolytes with high anodization stability are promising candidates for realizing high‐performance rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs). Since the 1990s, the community has developed polymer‐based, room‐temperature molten salt‐based, chlorine‐containing and chlorine‐free electrolyte systems using Mg(SO3CF3)2 as the simple magnesium salt. However, there is currently a lack of overall understanding of the metamorphosis of Mg(SO3CF3)2‐based electrolytes. This survey reviews the development of various branches of Mg(SO3CF3)2‐based electrolytes, with a special focus on strategies to improve electrolyte performance. First, the utilization of various polymer matrices, room‐temperature molten salts, inorganic/organic chlorine salts and chelating ligands to promote the performance of Mg(SO3CF3)2‐based (quasi‐)solid and liquid electrolytes is outlined. Subsequently, combining the passivation nature of Mg(SO3CF3)2 and polar aprotic solvents toward the Mg anode and the current improvement strategies, the future challenges and opportunities of Mg(SO3CF3)2‐based electrolytes in various branches are discussed. These summaries and discussions will provide guidelines for the development of Mg(SO3CF3)2‐based electrolytes with desirable properties for RMBs.
Preparation of Dinitrogen Trioxide for Organic Synthesis: A Phase Equilibrium Approach
Authors: Chen Yuesu , Monbaliu Jean‐Christophe M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDinitrogen trioxide (N2O3) is a potent nitrosating agent featured with high reactivity and appealing atom economy. Because of its instability and the entanglement of chemical and phase equilibria, N2O3 has rarely been utilized in organic synthesis as a stock reagent with well‐defined composition. In this review, the preparations of pure N2O3 and its concentrated solution (>0.1 M) are discussed from the aspect of phase equilibrium. Understanding the physical and chemical characteristics of N2O3, along with how reaction parameters (temperature, pressure, molar ratio) interact, plays a crucial role in managing the concentration of N2O3 in the liquid phase. This control holds practical significance in achieving quantitative reactions.
Highly Sensitive Switchable Sensors for Hydroxide on Glass Surfaces Based on Isoquinolinium‐Quinolinium‐substituted Acetylenes
Authors: Tombrink Alexander , Nagorny Sven , Batsyts Sviatoslav , Namyslo Jan C. , Lederle Felix , Hübner Eike G. , Adams Jörg , Schmidt Andreas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBi‐substituted acetylenes with a quinolinium and an isoquinolinium substituent are described, which reversibly form intensely colored adducts with O‐nucleophiles and thus enable the detection of >0,5 ppm hydroxide on the surfaces of various glasses. Acids reconstitute the colorless bi‐substituted acetylenes. The quinolinium and isoquinolinium rings are bound via their 2‐, 3‐, 4‐ and 1‐, 3‐, 4‐positions to the triple bond, respectively. The choice of substitution sites of the hetarenium rings enables the design of mixed conjugated/cross‐conjugated π‐electron systems. Depending on the combination of binding sites, the frontier orbital profile, the triple bond polarization, the fluorescence behaviour, and the sensitivity to hydroxide differs.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Chemodivergent Coupling of Alcohols: Efficient Routes to Access α,α‐Disubstituted Ketones and α‐Substituted Chalcones
Authors: Bansal Sadhna , Punji Benudhar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChemodivergent (de)hydrogenative coupling of primary and secondary alcohols is achieved utilizing an inexpensive nickel catalyst, (6‐OH‐bpy)NiCl2. This protocol demonstrates the synthesis of branched carbonyl compounds, α,α‐disubstituted ketones, and α‐substituted chalcones via borrowing hydrogen strategy and acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling, respectively. A wide range of aryl‐based secondary alcohols are coupled with various primary alcohols in this tandem dehydrogenation/hydrogenation reaction. The nickel catalyst, along with KOtBu or K2CO3, governed the selectivity for the formation of branched saturated ketones or chalcones. A preliminary mechanistic investigation confirms the reversible dehydrogenation of alcohols to carbonyls via metal‐ligand cooperation (MLC) and the involvement of radical intermediates during the reaction.
Immune checkpoint CD161/LLT1‐associated immunological landscape and diagnostic value in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hu Xinyang , Dong Yuexin , Xie Shixin , Song Yuxian , Yu Chenhang , He Yijia , Wang Zhiyong , Hu Qingang , Ni Yanhong , Ding Liang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn active host adaptive response is characterized by the existence of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1)+/IFN‐γ+ cytotoxic T cells and IFN‐γ‐induced PD‐L1+ tumor cells (TCs), which predicts high response rate to anti‐PD‐1/L1 therapy. Recently, CD161 and its ligand LLT1 (CLEC2D) have been identified as an emerging checkpoint for immunotherapy. Clarifying its heterogeneous clinical expression pattern and its immune landscape is a prerequisite for maximizing the response rate of CD161 blockade therapy in a specific population of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Here, we investigated the expression pattern of CD161/LLT1 and its association with major immunocytes (T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages) by multiplex immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry in 109 OSCC tissues and 102 peripheral blood samples. TCs showed higher LLT1 levels than tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), whereas CD161 was highly expressed in CD8+ T cells at the tumor front, which was decreased in paracancerous tissue. High expression of TC‐derived LLT1 (LLT1TC) conferred poor clinical outcomes, whereas higher CD161+ and LLT1+ TILs were associated with better prognosis. Meanwhile, patients with high LLT1TC showed a decreased ratio of CD8+/Foxp3+ T cells in situ, but CD161+ TILs correlated with more peripheral CD3+ T cells. Interestingly, treatment of OSCC patients with nivolumab (anti‐PD‐1) could restore tumoral CD161/LLT1 signal. Furthermore, an OSCC subgroup characterized by high LLT1+ TCs and low CD161+CD8+ T cells showed fewer peripheral T cells and a higher risk of lymph node metastasis, leading to a shorter 5‐year survival time (29%). More LLT1TC at the invasive front was another risk characteristic of exhausted T cells. In conclusion, in view of this heterogeneity, the LLT1/CD161 distribution pattern should be determined before CD161‐based immunotherapy.