bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residential Greenness and Long-term Mortality Among Patients Who Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Sadeh Maya , Fulman Nir , Agay Nirit , Levy Ilan , Ziv Arnona , Chudnovsky Alexandra , Brauer Michael , Dankner Rachel 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Studies have reported inverse associations between exposure to residential greenness and mortality. Greenness has also been associated with better surgical recovery. However, studies have had small sample sizes and have been restricted to clinical settings. We investigated the association between exposure to residential greenness and all-cause mortality among a cohort of cardiac patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Methods:
We studied this cohort of 3,128 CABG patients between 2004 and 2009 at seven cardiothoracic departments in Israel and followed patients until death or 1st May 2021. We collected covariate information at the time of surgery and calculated the patient-level average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) over the entire follow-up in a 300 m buffer from the home address. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate associations between greenness and death, adjusting for age, sex, origin, socioeconomic status, type of hospital admission, peripherality, air pollution, and distance from the sea.

Results:
Mean age at surgery was 63.8 ± 10.6 for men and 69.5 ± 10.0 for women. During an average of 12.1 years of follow-up (37,912 person–years), 1,442 (46%) patients died. A fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards model estimated a 7% lower risk of mortality (HR: 0.93, 95% CI = [0.85, 1.00]) per 1 interquartile range width increase (0.04) in NDVI. Results were robust to the use of different buffer sizes (100 m–1,250 m from the home) and to the use of average NDVI exposure during the first versus the last 2 years of follow-up.

Conclusions:
Residential greenness was associated with lower risk of mortality in CABG patients.
Corneal Neurotization: Preoperative Patient Workup and Surgical Decision-making
Authors: Daeschler Simeon C. , Woo Jyh Haur , Hussein Isra , Ali Asim , Borschel Gregory H. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The use of sensory nerve transfers to the anesthetic cornea has transformed the treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy by restoring ocular surface sensation and activating dysfunctional epithelial repair mechanisms. However, despite numerous reports on surgical techniques, there is a scarcity of information on the interdisciplinary management, preoperative assessment, and surgical decision-making, which are equally critical to treatment success.

Methods:
This Special Topic presents a standardized, interdisciplinary preoperative workup based on our 10-year experience with corneal neurotization in 32 eyes of patients with neurotrophic keratopathy.

Results:
Our assessment includes a medical history review, ophthalmic evaluation, and systematic facial sensory donor nerve mapping for light touch and pain modalities. This approach enables evidence-based patient selection, optimal surgery timing, and suitable donor nerve identification, including backup options.

Conclusions:
Based on a decade-long experience, this special topic highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and provides a practical roadmap for optimizing patient selection and surgical decision-making in patients undergoing corneal neurotization.
Feasibility of Ultrasound Measurements of Peripheral Sensory Nerves in Head and Neck Area in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Bink Thijs , Hazewinkel Merel H.J. , Hundepool Caroline A. , Duraku Liron S. , Drenthen Judith , Gfrerer Lisa , Zuidam J. Michiel 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Current diagnostic methods for nerve compression headaches consist of diagnostic nerve blocks. A less-invasive method that can possibly aid in the diagnosis is ultrasound, by measuring the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the affected nerve. However, this technique has not been validated, and articles evaluating CSA measurements in the asymptomatic population are missing in the current literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of ultrasound measurements of peripheral extracranial nerves in the head and neck area in asymptomatic individuals.

Methods:
The sensory nerves of the head and neck in healthy individuals were imaged by ultrasound. The CSA was measured at anatomical determined measurement sites for each nerve. To determine the feasibility of ultrasound measurements, the interrater reliability and the intrarater reliability were determined.

Results:
In total, 60 healthy volunteers were included. We were able to image the nerves at nine of 11 measurement sites. The mean CSA of the frontal nerves ranged between 0.80 ± 0.42 mm2 and 1.20 ± 0.43 mm2, the mean CSA of the occipital nerves ranged between 2.90 ± 2.73 mm2 and 3.40 ± 1.91 mm2, and the mean CSA of the temporal nerves ranged between 0.92 ± 0.26 mm2 and 1.40 ± 1.11 mm2. The intrarater and interrater reliability of the CSA measurements was good (ICC: 0.75–0.78).

Conclusions:
Ultrasound is a feasible method to evaluate CSA measurements of peripheral extracranial nerves in the head and neck area. Further research should be done to evaluate the use of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for nerve compression headache.
Lower-Socioeconomic Status Patients Have Extremely High-Risk Factor Profiles on Entry to Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Khadanga Sherrie , Savage Patrick D. , Ades Philip A. , Yant Blair , Anair Bradley , Kromer Lisa , Gaalema Diann E. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
Patients with lower socioeconomic status (SES) have higher rates of cardiovascular events, yet are less likely to engage in secondary prevention such as cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Given the low number of lower-SES patients entering CR, characterization of this population has been difficult. Our CR program specifically increased recruitment of lower-SES patients, allowing for careful comparison of medical, psychosocial, and behavioral risk factors between lower- and higher-SES patients eligible for secondary prevention.

Methods:
Demographic and clinical characteristics were prospectively gathered on consecutive individuals entering phase 2 CR from January 2014 to December 2022. Patients were classified as lower SES if they had Medicaid insurance. Statistical methods included chi-square and nonpaired t tests. A P value of <.01 was used to determine significance.

Results:
The entire cohort consisted of 3131 individuals. Compared with higher-SES patients, lower-SES individuals (n = 405; 13%) were a decade younger (57.1 ± 10.4 vs 67.2 ± 11.2 yr), 5.8 times more likely to be current smokers (29 vs 5%), 1.7 times more likely to have elevated depressive symptoms, and significantly higher body mass index, waist circumference, and glycated hemoglobin A1c, with more abnormal lipid profiles (all Ps < .001). Despite being a decade younger, lower-SES patients had lower measures of cardiorespiratory fitness and self-reported physical function (both Ps < .001).

Conclusion:
Lower-SES patients have a remarkably prominent high-risk cardiovascular disease profile, resulting in a substantially higher risk for a recurrent coronary event than higher-SES patients. Accordingly, efforts must be made to engage this high-risk population in CR. It is incumbent on CR programs to ensure that they are appropriately equipped to intervene on modifiable risk factors such as low cardiorespiratory fitness, obesity, depression, and smoking.
CYP8B1 downregulation mediates the metabolic effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy in mice
Authors: Liu Yanjun , Tu Jui , Shi Linsen , Fang Zhipeng , Fan Mingjie , Zhang Jianying , Ding Lili , Chen Yiqiang , Wang Yangmeng , Zhang Eryun , Xu Senlin , Sharma Nisha , Gillece John D. , Reining Lauren J. , Jin Lihua , Huang Wendong 
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims:
Although the benefits of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) surgery are well known, the molecular mechanisms by which VSG alleviates obesity and its complications remain unclear. We aim to determine the role of CYP8B1 (cytochrome P450, family 8, subfamily B, polypeptide 1) in mediating the metabolic benefits of VSG.

Approach and Results:
We found that expression of CYP8B1, a key enzyme in controlling the 12α-hydroxylated (12α-OH) bile acid (BA) to non-12α-OH BA ratio, was strongly downregulated after VSG. Using genetic mouse models of CYP8B1 overexpression, knockdown, and knockout, we demonstrated that overexpression of CYP8B1 dampened the metabolic improvements associated with VSG. In contrast, short hairpin RNA–mediated CYP8B1 knockdown improved metabolism similar to those observed after VSG. Cyp8b1 deficiency diminished the metabolic effects of VSG. Further, VSG-induced alterations to the 12α-OH/non-12α-OH BA ratio in the BA pool depended on CYP8B1 expression level. Consequently, intestinal lipid absorption was restricted, and the gut microbiota (GM) profile was altered. Fecal microbiota transplantation from wild type-VSG mice (vs. fecal microbiota transplantation from wild-type–sham mice) improved metabolism in recipient mice, while there were no differences between mice that received fecal microbiota transplantation from knockout-sham and knockout-VSG mice.

Conclusions:
CYP8B1 is a critical downstream target of VSG. Modulation of BA composition and gut microbiota profile by targeting CYP8B1 may provide novel insight into the development of therapies that noninvasively mimic bariatric surgery to treat obesity and its complications.
Costs and Health Care Utilization Analysis of Medical Group Visits for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in Community Health Centers
Authors: Wan Wen , Staab Erin M. , Li Jefferine , GoodSmith Matthew , Campbell Amanda , Schaefer Cynthia T. , Quinn Michael T. , Huang Elbert S. , Baig Arshiya A. 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
We evaluated the economic impact of group visits (GVs) in adults with uncontrolled diabetes in community health centers (CHCs) in the United States.

Research design and methods:
In this prospective controlled trial, we implemented 6 monthly GV sessions in 5 CHCs and compared intervention patients (n=49) to control patients (n=72) receiving usual care within the same CHCs. We conducted patient chart reviews to obtain health care utilization data for the prior 6 months at baseline, 6 months (during the GV implementation), and 12 months (after the implementation). We also collected monthly logs of CHC expenses and staff time spent on activities related to GVs. Per-patient total costs included CHCs’ expenses and costs associated with staff time and patients’ health care use. For group comparison, we used the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and the bootstrapping method that was to bootstrap generalized estimating equation models.

Results:
The GV group had fewer 6-month hospitalizations (mean: GV: 0.06 vs. control: 0.24, rate: 6.1% vs. 19.4%) (P ≤ 0.04) and similar emergency department visits at 12 months than the control group. Implementing GV incurred $1770 per-patient. The intervention cost $1597 more than the control at 6 months ($3021 vs. $1424) but saved $1855 at 12 months ($857 vs. $2712) (P=0.002).

Conclusions:
The diabetes GV care model reduced hospitalizations and had cost savings at 12 months, while it improved patients’ diabetes-related quality of life and glucose control. Future studies should assess its lifetime cost-effectiveness through a randomized controlled trial.
The management of pediatric Graves’ disease
Authors: Quintanilla-Dieck Lourdes 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
Graves’ disease (GD) constitutes a significant proportion of thyroid disorders seen during childhood. Several specialties may be closely involved in the management of pediatric patients with GD and emerging research in each field contributes to variations in the approach over time. Here we review the recent literature on the management of the disease, with the hope that this can be a valuable resource for treating specialists who need to be continuously updated on new data obtained in relevant fields.

Recent findings
Genetic, postinfectious and environmental factors may play a role in the immunological pathophysiology of GD. Research performed during the COVID-19 pandemic supports that viral-induced immune dysregulation may be a possible trigger for the disease. The various current treatment options all have positive and negative factors to consider. Antithyroidal drug therapy (ATD) is generally recommended as the initial treatment, although remission rates are only 20–30% at 2 years and 75% at 9 years. Unfortunately, about half of patients will relapse within 1 year of discontinuing therapy. Radioactive iodine therapy (RAI) is an effective treatment option and can be considered in certain pediatric patients. There continues to be no definitive evidence that the doses used for GD lead to a higher risk of cancer. Surgical treatment via thyroidectomy is effective and safe when performed by a high-volume surgeon. Recent studies show improvement in quality-of-life after surgery in adolescents and young adults. Future medical treatment options for GD currently being studied include antigen-specific immunotherapy and monoclonal antibodies.

Summary
Although the future holds promising new therapeutic options for autoimmune diseases including GD, the current choices continue to be ATD, usually first-line, and definitive treatments including RAI and surgery. While all three offer the possibility of remission or cure, drug therapy and RAI have a possibility of relapse. Risks of each approach should be broached in detail with patients and their families, and the nuances of treating this disease specifically in children should be familiar to all treating providers.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Typing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates From the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa
Authors: Peters Remco P.H. , Jung Hyunsul , Mitchev Nireshni , Mdingi Mandisa M. , Gigi Ranjana , Shroufi Amir , Martinez Fernando P. , Bamford Colleen 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThere is a paucity ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaeantimicrobial resistance data from resource-constrained settings because of the lack of diagnostic testing and limited scale of surveillance programs. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile ofN. gonorrhoeaein the rural Eastern Cape province of South Africa.MethodsSpecimens forN. gonorrhoeaeculture were obtained from men with urethral discharge and women with vaginal discharge attending primary health care facilities. Direct inoculation of the agar plates was performed followed by culture and drug susceptibility testing using the Etest at the laboratory. Whole-genome sequencing of the isolates was performed to identify resistance-determining variants.ResultsOne hundredN. gonorrhoeaeisolates were obtained. Most strains were nonsusceptible to ciprofloxacin (76%), tetracycline (75%), and penicillin G (72%). ThegyrAS91F mutation was present in 68 of 72 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates (94%), with concurrentparCmutations in 47 of 68 (69%);gyrAI250M was the only mutation in 4 other resistant strains. One azithromycin-resistant isolate was identified with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8.0 mg/L and the 23S rDNA gene mutation C2597T. The median MIC of cefixime was 0.016 mg/L (range, 0.016–0.064 mg/L), and that of ceftriaxone was 0.016 mg/L (range, 0.016 mg/L). Whole-genome sequencing showed 58 sequence types as revealed inN. gonorrhoeaesequence typing for antimicrobial resistance and 70 sequence types inN. gonorrhoeaemultiantigen sequence typing.ConclusionsThis study confirmed high rates ofN. gonorrhoeaeantimicrobial resistance to ciprofloxacin, penicillin G, and tetracycline in our setting. The MICs of cephalosporins are reassuring for ceftriaxone use in syndromic treatment regimens, but the identification of azithromycin resistance warrants further attention.
Nuclear Matrix-associated Protein SMAR1 Attenuated Acute Graft-versus-host Disease by Targeting JAK-STAT Signaling in CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Huang Zhenli , Zhang Ran , Teng Yao , Guo Jingjing , Zhang Hongyong , Wang Li , Tang Liang V , Shi Wei , Wu Qiuling , Xia Linghui 
Published: October 2023

Background.
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) mediated by alloreactive T cells remains a serious and life-threatening complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The contribution of the different CD4+ T helper cell subtypes to the pathogenesis and regulation of aGVHD is a central point in current research. The specialized effector subsets of T cells that differentiate from naive T cells into mature cells are closely related to scaffold/matrix-associated region-1–binding protein (SMAR1). However, the role of SMAR1 in aGVHD is unclear.

Methods.
Peripheral blood was collected from the patients with or without aGVHD after allo-HCT. The differences in CD4+ T cells transduced with the SMAR1 lentivirus vector and empty vector were analyzed. A humanized aGVHD mouse model was constructed to evaluate the function of SMAR1 in aGVHD.

Results.
The expression of SMAR1 was significantly reduced in the CD4+ T cells from aGVHD patients and related to the occurrence of aGVHD. SMAR1 overexpression in human CD4+ T cells regulated CD4+ T-cell subsets differentiation and inflammatory cytokines secretion and inhibited the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway. Moreover, SMAR1 changed chromatin accessibility landscapes and affected the binding motifs of key transcription factors regulating T cells. Additionally, upregulation of SMAR1 expression in CD4+ T cells improved the survival and pathology in a humanized aGVHD mouse model.

Conclusions.
Our results showed that upregulation of SMAR1 regulated the CD4+ T-cell subpopulation and cytokines secretion and improved survival in a humanized aGVHD mouse model by alleviating inflammation. This study provides a promising therapeutic target for aGVHD.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains belonging to phylogroup 3 frequently exhibit an atypical quorum sensing response: the case of MAZ105, a tomato rhizosphere isolate
Authors: Quiroz-Morales Sara E. , Muriel-Millán Luis Felipe , Ponce-Soto Gabriel Y. , González-Valdez Abigail , Castillo-Juárez Israel , Servín-González Luis , Soberón-Chávez Gloria 
Published: October 2023

Graphical abstract
A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

MAZ105 strain belonging to phylogroup 3 has a defective Pqs QS system due to a polar mutation in pqsA but can produce pyocyanin because it can express PqsE in low-phosphate medium.
SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies cross-react with dengue virus and enhance infectionin-vitroandin-vivo
Authors: Jakhar Kamini , Sonar Sudipta , Singh Gagandeep , Asuru Tejeswara Rao , Joshi Garima , Beniwal Nisha , Sarkar Tania , Tiwari Mahima , Kaur Jaskaran , Rathore Deepak Kumar , Lal Banwari , Kumar Sandeep , Srivastav Puneet , Kumar Satendra , Phagna Vikas , Sushma  , Kumar Lokesh , Gupta Vishal , Kshetrapal Pallavi , Singh Savita , Wadhwa Nitya , Thiruvengadam Ramachandran , Raghavan Sreevatsan , Gosain Mudita , Shrivastava Tripti , Bhattacharyya Sankar , Asthana Shailendra , Guchhait Prasenjit , Mani Shailendra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe presence of non-neutralizing antibodies of any dengue serotype, increase the severity of subsequent infection by other dengue serotypes. During SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the number of symptomatic dengue cases increased in India. The cross-reactivity of dengue with SARS-CoV-2 is well reported. We investigated the potential of SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies to modulate dengue infection.In-silicoandIn-vitrostudies revealed protein-protein interactions between the spike antibodies and the dengue envelope protein. Convalescent plasma from COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies showed cross-reactivity and impact on dengue infection in cell-based assays. Furthermore, increased dengue viral load was observed in serum, liver, and spleen of mice coinfected with dengue and SARS-CoV-2, compared to only dengue infected animals. Collectively, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies can cross-react with and enhance dengue infectivity. These findings have significant implications for SARS-CoV-2 monitoring and patient management in dengue-endemic regions.
Analyzing Drumming Technique with Trajectory Optimization
Authors: Pearl Owen Douglas 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTPercussion began as a global phenomenon over seven thousand years ago and has continued to develop and shape human culture to this day. While drumming techniques have been qualitatively optimized in highly competitive environments like international orchestral, jazz, and marching arts competitions, little quantitative optimization has been performed to maximize technique efficiency and few tools currently exist to make a thorough quantitative analysis possible. Here, I demonstrate how trajectory optimization can be applied to the domain of percussion to (1) identify areas of suboptimality in experimental drumming strokes, (2) search for alternative locally optimal techniques, (3) analyze the sensitivity of optimal drumming techniques to variation in a drummer’s body type, and (4) analyze trends across different stroke types to create generalizable drumming strategies for a more coherent and efficient approach to drumming. Each of these quantifiable outcomes is interpreted to provide teachable insights for percussionists that are difficult to distill simply using the human eye and qualitative feedback. I also provide an open-source codebase for efficiently performing trajectory optimization on a biomechanical drumming arm model so that others can adapt this methodology for further biomechanical analysis and pedagogical development.
Insights fromMelipona bicolorhybrid genome assembly: A stingless bee genome with chromosome-level scaffold
Authors: de Souza Araujo Natalia , Ogihara Fernando , Martins Pedro Mariano , Arias Maria Cristina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe highly eusocial stingless bees are crucial pollinators of native and agricultural ecosystems. Nevertheless, genomic studies within this bee tribe remain scarce. We present the genome assembly of the stingless beeMelipona bicolor. This bee is a remarkable exception to the typical single-queen colony structure, since in this species, multiple queens may coexist and share reproductive duties, resulting in genetically diverse colonies with weak kinship connections. As the only known genuinely polygynous bee,M. bicolor’s genome provides a valuable resource for investigating sociality beyond kin selection.ResultsThe genome was assembled employing a hybrid approach combining short and long reads, resulting in 241 contigs spanning 259 Mb (N50 of 6.2 Mb and 97.5% complete BUSCOs). Comparative analyses shed light on some evolutionary aspects of stingless bee genomics, including multiple chromosomal rearrangements inMelipona. Additionally, we explored the evolution of venom genes inM. bicolorand other stingless bees, revealing that, apart from two genes, the conserved repertoire of venom components remains under purifying selection in this clade.ConclusionThis study advances our understanding of stingless bee genomics, contributing to the conservation efforts of these vital pollinators and offering insights into the evolutionary mechanisms driving their unique adaptations.