bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does severe and chronic esophageal distension by air (observed in SGB and GB) affect the esophageal mucosa integrity (MNBI)
Authors: Voulgaris Theodoros , Hoshino Shintaro , Sifrim Daniel , Yazaki Etsuro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSupragastric belching (SGB) and aerophagia are behavioral disorders characterized by air induced esophageal distension. SGB is known to be associated with Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). Low Mean Nocturnal Baseline Impedance (MNBI) values support GERD diagnosis. We aimed to assess if chronic esophageal distension by air affects the esophageal mucosa integrity by assessing changes in MNBI.MethodsIn a single‐center database study, we searched retrospectively for patients with a diagnosis of pathological SGB (n = 146) or aerophagia (n = 34) based on impedance‐pH reflux monitoring. During the examined period, patients with a conclusive negative diagnosis of SGB and no evidence of aerophagia were used as a control cohort (n = 191). MNBI at 3, 5, and 17 cm over Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) was evaluated. GERD was diagnosed if acid exposure time (AET) >6%. All impedance studies of included patients were prospectively reevaluated.ResultsGERD was diagnosed in 31.7% patients with SGB, a rate not different in comparison to patients without SGB (30.8%, p = 0.906). MNBI at 3 and 5 cm above the LES was significantly decreased among patients with SGB. SGB was not correlated with MNBI at 3 cm over the LES, (p: 0.086 OR: 1.000 95% CI: 0.999–1.001) when using multivariate analysis. Moreover no difference was spotted as far as MNBI at 3, 5, and 17 cm over the LES is concerned among patients with or without aerophagia.ConclusionEven if patients with SGB do show lower MNBI values, esophageal distention due to excessive air movement does not directly lead to impairment of esophageal mucosa integrity.
Metatranscriptomics sheds light on the links between the functional traits of fungal guilds and ecological processes in forest soil ecosystems
Authors: Auer Lucas , Buée Marc , Fauchery Laure , Lombard Vincent , Barry Kerry W. , Clum Alicia , Copeland Alex , Daum Chris , Foster Brian , LaButti Kurt , Singan Vasanth , Yoshinaga Yuko , Martineau Christine , Alfaro Manuel , Castillo Federico J. , Imbert J. Bosco , Ramírez Lucia , Castanera Raúl , Pisabarro Antonio G. , Finlay Roger , Lindahl Björn , Olson Ake , Séguin Armand , Kohler Annegret , Henrissat Bernard , Grigoriev Igor V. , Martin Francis M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary

Soil fungi belonging to different functional guilds, such as saprotrophs, pathogens, and mycorrhizal symbionts, play key roles in forest ecosystems. To date, no study has compared the actual gene expression of these guilds in different forest soils.

We used metatranscriptomics to study the competition for organic resources by these fungal groups in boreal, temperate, and Mediterranean forest soils. Using a dedicated mRNA annotation pipeline combined with the JGI MycoCosm database, we compared the transcripts of these three fungal guilds, targeting enzymes involved in C‐ and N mobilization from plant and microbial cell walls.

Genes encoding enzymes involved in the degradation of plant cell walls were expressed at a higher level in saprotrophic fungi than in ectomycorrhizal and pathogenic fungi. However, ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi showed similarly high expression levels of genes encoding enzymes involved in fungal cell wall degradation. Transcripts for N‐related transporters were more highly expressed in ectomycorrhizal fungi than in other groups. We showed that ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi compete for N in soil organic matter, suggesting that their interactions could decelerate C cycling.

Metatranscriptomics provides a unique tool to test controversial ecological hypotheses and to better understand the underlying ecological processes involved in soil functioning and carbon stabilization.
George K. Smelser (1908–1973): Atmospheric oxygen and the corneal response to contact lens wear
Authors: Vincent Stephen J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProfessor George Smelser was a scientist who played a crucial role in advancing the understanding of the anatomical and physiological changes within the cornea during contact lens wear. In a series of unique experiments conducted in the early 1950s, using both humans and animal models, his research team provided the first conclusive evidence that contact lenses impaired the delivery of atmospheric oxygen to the cornea, resulting in an excess of lactate within the cornea and a subsequent ingress of water, leading to corneal oedema and disturbed vision (Sattler's veil). This historical note reviews the career of George Smelser, with particular emphasis on his contributions to understanding the importance of atmospheric oxygen in maintaining corneal homeostasis.
SCYL1 deficiency: A rare entity with challenging neurological manifestations after liver transplantation
Authors: Warasnhe Khaled , Özçay Figen , Kılıç Esra , Sezer Taner , Haberal Mehmet 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPediatric acute liver failure (PALF) with undetermined etiology is associated with higher liver transplantation and lower spontaneous recovery (transplant‐free) rates. The diagnostic odyssey in PALF cases hinders appropriate management and follow‐up after liver transplantation. Advances in whole exome sequencing analysis have already been successful at identifying new genetic causes of PALF.Case PresentationWe report a 17‐year‐old girl who underwent liver transplantation at the age of 7 months due to acute liver failure and presented later with abnormal neurological manifestations, that is, gait disturbances, dysarthria, and mental retardation that led us to the diagnosis of SCYL1 deficiency.ConclusionPALF cases should be screened for possible underlying genetic disorders. Genetic studies and reanalysis of whole‐genome sequencing data may help identify new cases and clarify the genotype–phenotype correlation. SCYL1 deficiency should be suspected in PALF patients who develop neurological involvement after LT. Early diagnosis is vital for proper management of ALF crises in SCYL1 deficiency patients. Despite the reported favorable outcomes of ALF crises in SCYL1 deficiency, liver transplantation decision should be discussed on a case‐by‐case basis.
Prevalence and spectrum of infectious and inflammatory dermatologic conditions occurring in pediatric heart transplant patients on a predominantly mTOR‐based immune suppressive regimen: A retrospective chart review
Authors: Rydberg Ann , Ameduri Rebecca , Brown Trista , Johnson Jonathan N. , Todd Austin , Tollefson Megha M. , Anderson Katelyn 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionPediatric heart transplant patients are routinely followed in dermatology clinics due to elevated risk of cutaneous malignancy. However, transplant patients may experience other, non‐cancer‐related dermatologic conditions including skin infections, inflammatory diseases, and drug eruptions that can cause significant medical and psychosocial comorbidity.MethodsA retrospective chart review of all pediatric heart transplant patients at Mayo Clinic Children's Center in Rochester, MN, was performed to determine the prevalence and spectrum of non‐cancer dermatologic conditions. Statistical analysis was conducted to look for associations between episodes of rejection and skin condition development.ResultsOf the 65 patients who received heart transplants under the age of 18 and were followed at Mayo Clinic, 69% (N = 45) were diagnosed with at least one skin condition between transplant and the time of most recent follow‐up. Sixty‐two percent (N = 40) of patients were diagnosed with an inflammatory skin condition (most commonly acne and atopic dermatitis), 45% (N = 29) with an infectious skin condition (most commonly warts and dermatophyte infection), and 32% (N = 21) with a drug eruption (most commonly unspecified rash and urticaria). No association was found between presence of skin disease and number of rejection episodes.ConclusionsNon‐cancer dermatologic conditions are prevalent within pediatric heart transplant recipients and may directly impact their medical needs and quality of life. Dermatologist involvement in the care of post‐transplant pediatric patients is important, not only for cancer screening but also for diagnosis and treatment of common infectious and inflammatory skin conditions.
Development of porcine embryos cultured in media irradiated with ultraviolet‐C
Authors: Torigoe Nanaka , Nagahara Megumi , Nguyen Suong Thi , Lin Qingyi , Takebayashi Koki , Liu Bin , Aihara Mutsumi , Taniguchi Masayasu , Otoi Takeshige 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSterilization of the culture medium using ultraviolet (UV)‐C reduces the potential adverse effects of microorganisms and allows for long‐term use. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a medium directly irradiated with UV‐C prior to in vitro culture on the development and quality of porcine in vitro‐fertilized embryos and the free amino acid composition of the culture media. The culture media (porcine zygote medium [PZM‐5] and porcine blastocyst medium [PBM]) were irradiated with UV‐C at 228 and 260 nm for 1 and 3 days, respectively. Next, the culture media were irradiated with UV‐C at 228 nm for 3, 7, or 14 days. After in vitro fertilization, the embryos were cultured in the UV‐C‐irradiated media for 7 days. Free amino acid levels in culture media irradiated with 228 and 260 nm UV‐C for 3 days were analysed. The blastocyst formation rate of embryos cultured in media irradiated with 260 nm UV‐C for 3 days was significantly lower than that of embryos cultured in non‐irradiated control media. However, 228 nm UV‐C irradiation for up to 14 days did not affect blastocyst formation rates and quality in the resulting blastocysts. Moreover, 260 nm UV‐C irradiation significantly increased the taurine concentration in both culture media and decreased methionine concentration in the PBM. In conclusion, UV‐C irradiation at 228 nm before in vitro culture had no detrimental effects on embryonic development. However, 260 nm UV‐C irradiation decreased embryo development and altered the composition of free amino acids in the medium.
The tomato P69 subtilase family is involved in resistance to bacterial wilt
Authors: Zhang Weiqi , Planas‐Marquès Marc , Mazier Marianne , Šimkovicová Margarita , Rocafort Mercedes , Mantz Melissa , Huesgen Pitter F. , Takken Frank L. W. , Stintzi Annick , Schaller Andreas , Coll Nuria S. , Valls Marc 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYThe intercellular space or apoplast constitutes the main interface in plant–pathogen interactions. Apoplastic subtilisin‐like proteases—subtilases—may play an important role in defence and they have been identified as targets of pathogen‐secreted effector proteins. Here, we characterise the role of the Solanaceae‐specific P69 subtilase family in the interaction between tomato and the vascular bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. R. solanacearum infection post‐translationally activated several tomato P69s. Among them, P69D was exclusively activated in tomato plants resistant to R. solanacearum. In vitro experiments showed that P69D activation by prodomain removal occurred in an autocatalytic and intramolecular reaction that does not rely on the residue upstream of the processing site. Importantly P69D‐deficient tomato plants were more susceptible to bacterial wilt and transient expression of P69B, D and G in Nicotiana benthamiana limited proliferation of R. solanacearum. Our study demonstrates that P69s have conserved features but diverse functions in tomato and that P69D is involved in resistance to R. solanacearum but not to other vascular pathogens like Fusarium oxysporum.
The upper bound of the harmonic mean of the Steklov eigenvalues in curved spaces
Authors: Chen Hang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConsidering an ‐dimensional Riemannian manifold whose sectional curvature is bounded above by and Ricci curvature is bounded below by , we obtain an upper bound of the harmonic mean of the first nonzero Steklov eigenvalues for domains contained in . This can be viewed as certain isoperimetric inequality and generalizes the result on comparing the first nonzero Steklov eigenvalues for such domains (Li–Wang–Wu, 2020, arXiv:2003.03093).
On the structure of finitely presented Bestvina–Brady groups
Authors: Deshpande Priyavrat , Roy Mallika 
Published: December 2023

Right-angled Artin groups and their subgroups are of great interest because of their geometric, combinatorial and algorithmic properties. It is convenient to define these groups using finite simplicial graphs. The isomorphism type of the group is uniquely determined by the graph. Moreover, many structural properties of right-angled Artin groups can be expressed in terms of their defining graph. In this paper, we address the question of understanding the structure of a class of subgroups of right-angled Artin groups in terms of the graph. Bestvina and Brady, in their seminal work, studied these subgroups (now called Bestvina–Brady groups or Artin kernels) from a finiteness conditions viewpoint. Unlike the right-angled Artin groups the isomorphism type of Bestvina–Brady groups is not uniquely determined by the defining graph. We prove that certain finitely presented Bestvina–Brady groups can be expressed as an iterated amalgamated product. Moreover, we show that this amalgamated product can be read off from the graph defining the ambient right-angled Artin group.
Global analysis of a network-based SIR epidemic model with a saturated treatment function
Authors: Wei Xiaodan 
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we study a network-based SIR epidemic model with a saturated treatment function in which a parameter [Formula: see text] is introduced to measure the extent of the effect of the infected being delayed for treatment. Our aim is to present a global analysis and to investigate how the parameter [Formula: see text] affects the spreading of diseases. Our main results are as follows: (1) In the case of the threshold value [Formula: see text], there exist two values of [Formula: see text]: [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], such that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when [Formula: see text] and multiple endemic equilibria exist when [Formula: see text]. This means that the parameter [Formula: see text] has an essential influence on the spreading of the disease. (2) In the case of the threshold value [Formula: see text], if the model has only one endemic equilibrium, then the unique endemic equilibrium is globally attractive. In this case, it is also proved that if [Formula: see text], then the endemic equilibrium has only one, so is globally attractive. In addition, numerical simulation is performed to illustrate our theoretical results.
T2K status and plans
Authors: Jesús-Valls César 
Published: December 2023

T2K is an accelerator-based neutrino experiment providing world-leading measurements of the parameters governing neutrino oscillations. T2K data enabled the first 3 [Formula: see text] exclusion for some intervals of the CP-violating phase [Formula: see text] and precision measurements of the atmospheric parameters [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. T2K uses a beam of muon neutrinos and antineutrinos produced at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Centre (J-PARC) and a series of detectors located at J-PARC and in Kamioka, 295km away, to measure oscillations from neutrino event rates and spectra. The T2K beam will be upgraded with increased power in 2022 and, combined with an upgrade of the ND280 near detector, will usher in a new important physics period for T2K. In preparation for the new physics run, the T2K collaboration is working on an updated oscillation analysis to improve the control of systematic uncertainties. The status of the new analysis developments and the plan to deploy the beam and ND280 upgrade are reviewed.
Timing of Outcomes and Expectations After Knee Surgery in the US Military: A Systematic Review
Authors: Adams Benjamin G. , Rhon Daniel I. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Zosel Kristen L. , Hotaling Brittany R. , Westrick Richard B. 
Published: December 2023

Context: Knee injury and subsequent surgery are widespread in the military setting. Associations between knee surgery and expected outcomes over time have not been consolidated and characterized systematically by procedure type across the body of literature, and the temporal expectations of these outcomes remain unclear. Objective: To summarize common postoperative follow-up times and associated outcomes that determine clinical or surgical failure in US service members after elective knee surgery. Data Sources: A systematic search was conducted with 3 bibliographic databases of published research reports from 2010 through 2021. Study Selection: Studies in US military service members undergoing elective knee surgery, with a minimum of 1-year follow-up, and reporting on a functional/occupational outcome were included. Three reviewers screened all abstracts and full-text articles to determine eligibility. Study Design: Systematic review of longitudinal cohort studies. Level of Evidence: Level 2a. Data Extraction: Extracted data included military demographics, surgical procedure variables, surveillance period, and outcome measures. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach were used to determine study quality and risk of bias. Results: A total of 22 studies (mean follow-up time of 40.7 months) met the inclusion criteria. For cruciate ligament repair, approximately one-third of patients required a second surgery or were medically separated from military service by 2 years from surgery; 100% were reinjured by 4 years, and 85% sustained a new injury within 5 years of surgery. For meniscal repair, nearly one-third of patients were medically separated, and half were placed on activity restrictions within 3 years of surgery. For articular cartilage repair, within 5 years, 39% of patients required a second surgery, 30% were placed on activity restrictions, and 36% were medically separated. For patellar repair, 37% of patients were medically separated and over half were placed on activity restrictions within 5 years. Conclusion: Common knee surgeries can have long-term implications for military careers that may not become apparent with shorter follow-up periods (<2 years). When longer surveillance periods are used (eg, up to 5 years), additional surgical procedures are more common and the likelihood of being injured or medically separated from military service is higher.
Conditional in vivo deletion of LYN kinase has little effect on a BRCA1 loss-of-function-associated mammary tumour model
Authors: Tornillo Giusy , Warrington Lauren , Kendrick Howard , Higgins Adam T. , Hay Trevor , Beck Sam , Smalley Matthew J. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
LYN kinase is expressed in BRCA1 loss-of-function-dependent mouse mammary tumours, in the cells of origin of such tumours, and in human breast cancer. Suppressing LYN kinase activity in BRCA1-defective cell lines as well as in in vitro cultures of Brca1-null mouse mammary tumours is deleterious to their growth. Here, we examined the interaction between LYN kinase and BRCA1 loss-of-function in an in vivo mouse mammary tumour model, using conditional knockout Brca1 and Lyn alleles. Comparison of Brca1 tumour cohorts showed little difference in mammary tumour formation between animals that were wild type, heterozygous or homozygous for the conditional Lyn allele, although this was confounded by factors including incomplete Lyn recombination in some tumours. RNA-sequencing analysis demonstrated that tumours with high levels of Lyn gene expression had a slower doubling time, but this was not correlated with levels of LYN staining in tumour cells themselves. Rather, high Lyn expression and slower tumour growth were likely a result of B-cell infiltration. The multifaceted role of LYN indicates that it is likely to present difficulties as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Αξιολόγηση των μαθητών στο Λύκειο στη Φυσική με εργαστηριακή αναφορά. Μία περίπτωση εφαρμογής
Authors: Τσούκος Σεραφείμ , Λάζος Παναγιώτης , Κατέρης Αλέξανδρος , Τζαμαλής Παύλος , Βελέντζας Αθανάσιος 
Published: December 2023

Στην παρούσα εργασία παρουσιάζεται μια περίπτωση εφαρμογής της αξιολόγησης των μαθητών με εργαστηριακή αναφορά, όπως προβλέπεται από το νέο Πρόγραμμα Φυσικής Λυκείου. Οι εργαστηριακές αναφορές πραγματοποιήθηκαν από μαθητές της Β΄ Λυκείου στο μάθημα της Φυσικής Προσανατολισμού Θετικών Σπουδών κατά το πρώτο τετράμηνο του σχολικού έτους 2022-2023. Στην εφαρμογή συμμετείχαν 40 μαθητές ενός Προτύπου Λυκείου των Αθηνών και το θέμα της ήταν η διερεύνηση της απώλειας ενέργειας μεταξύ διαδοχικών αναπηδήσεων μιας μπάλας του μπάσκετ. Οι μαθητές για να μετρήσουν τα χρονικά διαστήματα μεταξύ των διαδοχικών κρούσεων της μπάλας με το δάπεδο χρησιμοποίησαν την ελεύθερη εφαρμογή phyphox την οποία είχαν προεγκατεστημένη σε μία έξυπνη κινητή συσκευή (ΕΚΣ).
Διερεύνηση των αντιλήψεων των σχεδιαστών δραστηριοτήτων διαδραστικής έκθεσης ενός φεστιβάλ επιστήμης
Authors: Παππά Ελπινίκη , Εργαζάκη Μαρίντα , Κολιόπουλος Δημήτριος 
Published: December 2023

Η παρούσα εργασία αφορά στη διερεύνηση ορισμένων αντιλήψεων των σχεδιαστών δραστηριοτήτων που παρουσιάζονται στο πλαίσιο μιας διαδραστικής έκθεσης ενός φεστιβάλ επιστήμης (ΔΕΦΕ). Τα δεδομένα συλλέχθηκαν με τη χρήση της τεχνικής της ημι-δομημένης συνέντευξης και το τελικό δείγμα περιελάμβανε 23 σχεδιαστές δραστηριοτήτων ΔΕΦΕ του Athens Science Festival. Σύμφωνα με τα ευρήματα της έρευνας, οι σχεδιαστές των δραστηριοτήτων αυτών μπορούν να καταταχθούν σε δύο διακριτές ομάδες ανάλογα με τον φορέα εκπροσώπησης, με την κάθε ομάδα να εμφανίζει κατ' αρχήν διαφορετικά χαρακτηριστικά όσον αφορά στις σχεδιαστικές στρατηγικές, στις αντιλήψεις και στα επιθυμητά αποτελέσματα στα οποία στοχεύουν τα μέλη της.
Βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση των αντιλήψεων και των γνώσεων μαθητών Πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης για την έννοια του ήχου
Authors: Πανάγου Δημήτρης , Κώτσης Κωνσταντίνος 
Published: December 2023

Κατά το πέρασμα των τελευταίων χρόνων, έχουν εντοπιστεί και καταγραφεί οι αντιλήψεις των μαθητών για διάφορες έννοιες και φαινόμενα των Φυσικών Επιστημών. Ωστόσο, είναι ιδιαίτερα περιορισμένη η έρευνα που μελετά τις αντιλήψεις και την επιστημονική γνώση των μαθητών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης για θέματα που αφορούν την έννοια του ήχου. Ως ερευνητική προσέγγιση χρησιμοποιήθηκε η συστηματική ανασκόπηση βιβλιογραφίας η οποία ανέδειξε 20 άρθρα από έγκριτα διεθνή περιοδικά, ευρετηριασμένα από το Scopus, το Google Scholar, την Elsevier, το Springer Link και την Eric, το οποία αναλύουν τις αντιλήψεις και την επιστημονική γνώση των μαθητών στην έννοια του ήχου. Αυτή η μελέτη ανέλυσε τις έρευνες σύμφωνα με τα γενικά χαρακτηριστικά τους που αποτελούνται από τον τύπο της δημοσίευσης, το έτος δημοσίευσης και την ερευνητική προσέγγιση. Τα αποτελέσματα θα αποτελέσουν τη βάση για εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων αναφορικά με την κατάσταση στη σύγχρονη έρευνα αλλά και για την σχηματισμό προτάσεων για μελλοντική έρευνα στο πεδίο της εφαρμογής και εκμάθησης της έννοιας του ήχου στην εκπαίδευση.
Ενεργοποίηση και νοηματοδότηση διερευνητικών πρακτικών μελλοντικών νηπιαγωγών στο πλαίσιο της εκπαίδευσής τους: Μελέτη περίπτωσης
Authors: Ζουπίδης Αναστάσιος , Τσελφές Βασίλης , Καριώτογλου Πέτρος 
Published: December 2023

Στην εργασία αυτή μελετάμε (ως περίπτωση) τα μοτίβα ενεργοποίησης και νοηματοδότησης των διδακτικών πρακτικών μίας μελλοντικής νηπιαγωγού που μετείχε σε εξαμηνιαίο μάθημα των φυσικών επιστημών με κύριο χαρακτηριστικό τη διερεύνηση. Ο στόχος της μελέτης είναι αφενός η εξακρίβωση των δυνατοτήτων του θεωρητικού μας μοντέλου να ανιχνεύει μοτίβα διδακτικών πρακτικών, καθώς και τη σχέση τους με συνδεδεμένες απόψεις/ γνώσεις και αφετέρου η δυνατότητα εξαγωγής, μέσω αυτής της ανάλυσης, συμπερασμάτων χρήσιμων για την εκπαίδευση των μελλοντικών εκπαιδευτικών.