bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic and clinical characteristics of HIV-infected patients in Ekaterinburg
Authors: Volkova S. B. , Podymova A. S. 
Published: January 2024

Aim. To study the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with HIV infection during registration in the period from 2016 to 2020 in the city of Ekaterinburg.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Sverdlovsk Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS, Ekaterinburg. The data of 4222 patients with HIV infection registered in the period from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.Results and discussion. This study included a large number of patients with HIV infection registered for 5 years, which made it possible to comprehensively assess the portrait of a patient with HIV infection at the present stage, reflecting the demographic and clinical parameters of the cohort. A downward trend in the detection of HIV infection from 2016 to 2020 was noted; reducing the time from the detection of HIV infection to the start of dispensary observation and the appointment of antiretroviral therapy (ART); increase in the proportion of patients of older age groups. The maximum terms of registration were noted in the group of injecting drug users. The proportion of patients with comorbidities is 75–86%, which requires expanding the possibilities for choosing an ART regimen. Most of naïve patients receive «non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NIOT)» and «protease inhibitor (PI) and two NIOT», as a first line treatment, integrase inhibitors account for 6.9%.Conclusion. Despite the positive dynamics of indicators regarding the start of medical examination and treatment of patients with HIV infection in the period from 2016 to 2020, in order to reduce the time for involving patients, additional research and subsequent interventions are required in the identified gender, age and clinical risk groups, as well as ensuring accessibility modern ART and an increase in the proportion of fixed combinations of ARV drugs in it. The increase in the average age of patients, high polypharmacy and the need to reduce the risk of possible drug interactions argue in favor of the need to increase the proportion of integrase inhibitors.In order to determine the patient’s responsibility for monitoring and treating their disease, the Federal Law of March 30, 1995 No. 38-FL «On the Prevention of the Spread in the Russian Federation of a Disease Caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)» needs to be brought into line with the Federal Law dated November 21, 2011 No. 323-FL «On the fundamentals of the health of citizens in the Russian Federation».
Strategi Bhabinkamtibmas Menanggulangi Tindak Pidana Perjudian Desa Waro di Kecamatan Monta Kabupubaten Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Andriadin Andriadin , Erham Erham , Aman Ma'arij Aman Ma'arij 
Published: January 2024

The phenomenon of gambling is considered normal by some people, even this act roots and develops just so, when there is no punishment from any law enforcement, it must become a disease that then destroys life. Gambling in the village of Waro involves children and young people, including the elderly. This condition will trigger the occurrence of disorganization and disintegration in the life of the community. This study examines gambling crimes in the village of Waro and also examines the strategies of gambling crime in the town of Monta in the Bima NTB. The method of research is empirical law research, which studies and examines the law in real terms. The data used are primary and secondary data, such as results of interviews, documentation, observations, journals, books, previous research, and official documents. The findings of the research show that, first, the criminal act of gambling in the village of Waro Prefecture in the Monta district of Bima is gambling card remi and gambling ball rolling both when there is a single organ event at night and during the day. Secondly, the Bhabinkamtibmas strategy is to combat gambling crimes in Waro Village by conducting investigative, preventive, and repressive efforts.
Impact of Canagliflozin on Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes by Type 2 Diabetes Duration: A Pooled Analysis of the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE Trials
Authors: Tobe Sheldon W. , Mavrakanas Thomas A. , Bajaj Harpreet S. , Levin Adeera , Tangri Navdeep , Slee April , Neuen Brendon L. , Perkovic Vlado , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Rapattoni Wally , Ang Fernando G. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
The study was undertaken because it was unknown whether the duration of type 2 diabetes modifies the effects of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin on cardiovascular (CV) and kidney outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This post hoc analysis of the Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study (CANVAS) Program (N = 10,142) and Evaluation of the Effects of Canagliflozin on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Diabetic Nephropathy (CREDENCE) trial (N = 4,401) evaluated hazard ratios and 95% CIs using Cox proportional hazards for the effects of canagliflozin on CV and kidney outcomes, including progression and regression of albuminuria over 5-year intervals of disease duration.

RESULTS
Canagliflozin had ranges of benefit across intervals of diabetes duration, with no heterogeneity for major adverse CV events, CV death or heart failure hospitalization, and kidney failure requiring therapy or doubling serum creatinine. Furthermore, canagliflozin reduced albuminuria progression and increased albuminuria regression with no interaction across all diabetes duration subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that earlier treatment with canagliflozin confers consistent cardiorenal benefits to individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Tooth ankylosis in man and the oxytalan fibre meshwork
Authors: Sims Milton R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
There is no published information on the presence of the oxytalan fibre meshwork in the periodontal ligament of human ankylosed teeth. Contrary to the limited term experimental animal study of Hurst (1972), the present investigation demonstrates that extensive oxytalan structures can persist over many years in the presence of ankylosed teeth. Human biopsy material of four ankylosed first and second permanent molars exhibited a well-defined oxytalan meshwork that linked the teeth and periodontal vessels to each other proving that oxytalan-vascular associations are maintained in the absence of tooth oscillation. Thus, oxytalan fibres are not only found in connective tissues subject to stress (Fullmer et al. 1974), but also in the relatively stress-protected periodontium of submerged teeth. These findings raise new questions regarding the possible functional role of the oxytalan fibre meshwork.
Tissue response to orthodontic force application
Authors: Cleall John F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Orthodontic appliances may profoundly influence the morphology and structure of the craniofacial complex. This paper identifies the various regions under these influences and reviews some investigations on the effect of appliances on the teeth, periodontal membrane, alveolar bone, craniofacial bones and the orofacial musculature. The complexity of reactions resulting from the interaction of these factors is highlighted. The understanding of these basic tissue reactions, the planning of simple mechanics and the monitoring of these treatment-induced changes using suitable progress record systems, is stressed as necessary if controlled treatment is to follow.
Evidence of acute inflammation in the periodontal ligament subsequent to orthodontic tooth movement in rats
Authors: Cooper Stephanie M. , Sims Milton R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Experimental orthodontic tooth extrusion can result in red cell diapedesis through the PDL vascular wall. Diapedesis is an early sign of acute inflammation. At the ultrastructural level, red cell migration is demonstrated occurring through the endothelial junction of a postcapillary-sized venule. This phenomenon is considered to be indicative of unphysiological tooth loading..
Space closure and incisor alignment in the mandibular arch following first premolar extraction without appliance therapy
Authors: Woon Kok-Chin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Changes in the mandibular arch were evaluated in 32 cases of lower first premolar extraction without appliance therapy. There was a mean reduction in the irregularity index and extraction space of 52 percent and 45 percent respectively. Intercanine distance increased in 65 percent of the cases whilst intermolar distance decreased in 63 percent of the cases. Clinical improvement in the crowding of lower incisors and closure of the extraction space was contributed by the distal movement of the canines and the mesial movement of the molars.
The reproducibility of Johnston’s cephalometric superimposition method
Authors: Hashim Hanizah A. , Godfrey Keith 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A method of cephalometric superimposition, described by Johnston (1986), was evaluated to determine its reliability. Fifteen pairs of before-and after-treatment cephalograms, were measured five times, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out on the measurements to check for any significant differences between the repeated measures. The results of the analysis found Johnston’s method of cephalometric superimposition to be reliable and consistent, with lower standard deviations in the measurements found, compared to other commonly used methods.
Improving Instantaneous Angular Speed Monitoring by Means of Sinusoidal EMF Signals Delivered by a Two-Phase n Poles AC Generator Used as a Sensor
Authors: Khdair Mohammed , Mihai Constantin-Gheorghe , Bumbu Neculai-Eduard , Horodincă Mihăiţă 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a new approach in instantaneous angular speed monitoring using a two-phase n poles AC generator as sensor. A two-phase n poles (n=50) stepper motor plays the role of sensor. Its rotor is firmly connected to the rotary part whose instantaneous angular speed should be measured. The sensor produces two identical sinusoidal EMF (electromotive force) signals (theoretically shifted with π/2 radians) with the same periods T. This paper proposes to use the mathematical product of the numerical descriptions of these EMF signals in order to define a new EMF signal with a period T/2 whose analysis allows the determination of 4·n=200 samples of instantaneous angular velocity on each full rotation. Each period of this new EMF signal (with an overlap of a semi period) is involved in the description of the instantaneous angular speed. In this way, the sensor is virtually converted in a single-phase 2·n poles (2·n=100) AC generator. The experimental results confirm the validity of this approach.
Worldwide potential insect vectors of Xylella fastidiosa and assessment of their importance with a focus on Morocco
Authors: Haddad N. , Smaili M.C. , Afechtal M. , Cavalieri V. , Benkirane R. , El Handi K. , Abou Kubaa R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In Morocco, the climate conditions are favorable for the establishment and the spread of Xylella fastidiosa (X.f). However, the successful establishment of the bacterium depends on many factors; mainly: bacterial subspecies and sequence type, host plants susceptibility, feeding behavior and transmission efficiency of the insect vectors. Knowledge of the relationship between the bacterium–affected crop agro-ecosystem and potential insect vectors is of crucial importance. In this work, we list the tritrophic interaction X.f-host plants-insect vectors that occur worldwide in order to apply it to the current situation in Morocco and for risk analysis on the bacterium in the country. Two most relevant X.f subspecies of the bacterium (in terms of impact on crops) were considered, namely, subsp. fastidiosa and subsp. pauca. Based on the international literature and public databases, the majority of the X.f-insect vectors are comprised in two families: Cicadellidae and Aphrophoridae. Among all cicadellid species recorded, a high number had the capacity to transmit X.f to hosts in America while this ability is null for other regions (except Graphocephala versuta Say (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) recorded in Algeria). In Morocco, none of the cicadellid genera reported worldwide as vectors of X.f, have been so far reported, whereas many species of spittlebugs and leafhoppers are present. Philaenus tesselatus Melichar (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) is highly abundant in Morocco and could play a role as potential vector in case the bacterium is introduced in the country. With regard to the X.f hosts, citrus, olive, almond and grapevine, forest agroecosystems and oleander are considered the main susceptible species present in Morocco.
The Risk of Death among Patients with Healthcare-associated Infections and Cardiovascular Diseases Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit in Romania
Authors: Budianu Mihaela-Alexandra , Moraru Liviu , Roiban Andrada Larisa , Budianu Bogdan-Mihai , Kovacs Judit , Mitranovici Melinda-Ildiko , Voidăzan Septimiu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) can pose significant risks to patients with cardiovascular disease due to the compromised nature of their health and potential vulnerabilities. In order to reduce the incidence of HAIs and prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant organisms, it is mandatory to develop surveillance systems.

Methods
We undertook a retrospective case–control study of all patients presenting HAIs who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) to assess risk factors associated with death among patients with cardiovascular disease.

Results
Patients admitted to the ICU who died were more likely to present an infection with a multidrug-resistant bacterium, an infection with Acinetobacter baumannii, and to suffer from acute myocardial infarction. Among the patients enrolled in the study, a higher probability of death was also observed in association with certain Gram-negative pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Conclusion
The longer the patient remains admitted in the ICU, the higher the risk of acquiring an infection that can often become fatal. A nosocomial infection, particularly in patients with cardiovascular disease, also increases the length of hospitalization, which will lead to increased expenditure. For this reason, new prophylactic methods and therapeutic approaches are needed, and researchers’ efforts should be directed in this direction.
Municipal Transport Route Planning Based on Fair Mobility Budget
Authors: Arhipova Irina , Bumanis Nikolajs , Paura Liga , Berzins Gundars , Erglis Aldis , Rudloff Christian , Vitols Gatis , Ansonska Evija , Salajevs Vladimirs , Binde Juris 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A series of initiatives have been adopted in the European Union to address greenhouse gas emissions and establish a society that is resilient to climate change. In response to these initiatives, the implementation of mobility budgets offers a more precise strategy for addressing carbon footprints associated with travel. Prioritizing localized carbon footprint control, mobility budgets are calculated and customized according to distinct regions, goals, and target demographics. When prioritizing the mobility budget as the central objective in municipal transport route planning, the focus should encompass principles of fairness and equity in travel. This entails considering factors such as accessibility, variety of mobility choices, inclusivity of transportation modes, and social justice. Therefore, this article aims to formulate an enhanced activity modelling methodology that would aid data-driven decision-making in municipal transport route planning, while upholding the principles of travel fairness and equity. Тhe results obtained from scrutinizing data related to public bus services and mobile networks are presented. The evaluation of Jelgava’s city transportation network to facilitate mobility budget reduction is undertaken, and this assessment is based on an analysis of data derived from a survey on public transport use coupled with an examination of the city’s mobility budget. The research presents the communication challenges that municipalities will face in planning and implementing changes that are needed to meet the greenhouse gas emission targets and outlines the possible use of visualization tools for modelling, explanation and communication of scenarios.
La innovación y la sustitución energética como medidas de corrección medioambiental en países de la OCDE
Authors: Balsalobre Lorente Daniel , Álvarez-Herránz Agustín , Baños Torres José 
Published: January 2024

El presente estudio aborda la corrección producida en el nivel de emisiones de gases efecto invernadero (GEI) a través del papel que, junto al crecimiento económico, juegan tanto la innovación en tecnología energética como el patrón de consumo energético por fuentes de origen renovable; donde además se incorpora al análisis, a través de una variable moderadora, el impacto que el nivel de renta ejerce sobre la sustitución energética en dicho proceso de corrección medioambiental.Para tal fin, se ha utilizado el argumento metodológico que propone la Curva de Kuznets Ambiental -CKA-, a través del diseño de un modelo econométrico con datos de panel de efectos fijos para 24 países de la OCDE en el periodo 1992-2010. Con las limitaciones de alcance propias de los datos utilizados, hemos obtenido evidencia de que el esfuerzo de las administraciones en innovación y sustitución energética se asocia con la reducción en el nivel de emisiones GEI.
Appraising the Financial Sustainability of a Pension System with Signal Processing
Authors: Rostan Pierre , Belhachemi Rachid , Rostan Alexandra 
Published: January 2024

One key issue of the Spanish pension system is its financial sustainability in regard to slumping fertility rate and rising longevity of the Spanish population. The paper presents a versatile and robust model that may help pension managers gain insight into the future Spanish pyramid of ages, from which they will appraise cash inflows and outflows of the pension system. The model forecasts ninety years of the Spanish population for each cohort of the pyramid of ages. Borrowed from the signal processing discipline, the model relies on the Burg method which fits a pth order autoregressive (AR) model to the input signal by minimizing (least squares) the forward and backward prediction errors while constrai-ning the AR parameters to satisfy the Levinson-Durbin recursión, then uses an infinite impulse response prediction error filter. Results add better perspective and insight to the Spanish population projection forecasted by the United Nations Population Division.
Scientific Integrity in Educational Research Processes
Authors: Canchola González José Antonio , Medina Zuta Patricia , Barón-Velandia Benjamín 
Published: January 2024

The academic and scientific community must conduct research with the accountability, ethics, truthfulness, integrity, and respect that is necessary. The omission or lack of academic integrity on the part of researchers is influenced by several variables: key abilities, such as those required for finding, choosing, and validating trustworthy sources of information to enable the creation of scientific articles.
On the other hand, educational institutions and research-related organizations can have an impact on the development or destruction of academic integrity through a variety of incentive programs for scientific output that support the concept of "publish or perish." They make it quite evident that in the research endeavors of thousands of scholars around the world, academic integrity is simply theoretical and unapplied.
Extensão universitária: experiências da PUC/GOIÁS e SME de Goiânia na formação continuada para a implementação da Lei Federal n° 11.645/2008
Authors: Freitas Fátima Regina Almeida de , Filho Humberto Moreira Barros , Viana Inez Maria Milhome , Guimarães Warlúcia Pereira 
Published: January 2024

Realizamos aqui um relato de experiência do curso de Extensão Literatura Infantil e Educação para as Relações Étnico-raciais: Caminhos Teóricos, Experiências e Vivências, ofertado a/os profissionais da Rede Municipal de Educação de Goiânia, em parceria com a PUC/GOIÁS, foi desenvolvido no ano de 2022, a partir de uma descrição detalhada de sua organização, realização, assim como da metodologia e avaliação, assim como refletimos sobre sua continuidade. Essas ações vêm possibilitando a ampliação e verticalização de formações voltadas para as questões dos Direitos Humanos, em suas frentes relacionadas à diversidade como a racial, de gênero, enfrentamentoà violência e a vulnerabilidade de crianças e adolescentes.
El sonido y el verbo
Authors: Campos Jorge 
Published: January 2024

Desde siempre, el diálogo entre las artes nos ha revelado una suerte de nostalgia recíproca, una especie de deseo obstinado de encontrarse. De estas tentativas quedan vestigios de tensiones y rupturas. Sin embargo, hemos asistido a momentos de una fuerte condensación de energías diferentes, que han dado lugar a fenómenos muy singulares, llegando hasta revolucionar las trayectorias de las artes.
Esta pasión primordial revela la necesidad de traspasar las fronteras creadas por los geodésicos de las artes para hacer converger las vibraciones poéticas y sonoras, dando lugar a creaciones completamente inéditas, que disimulan ya sea una paralelismo, una analogía o incluso una negación de sus correspondientes.
El título del presente artículo nos remite al fenómeno que acabamos de evocar.
Se intentará retrasar los avatares del poema sinfónico para llegar al poema electrónico, con el objetivo de establecer un estado de lugar, de las relaciones entre la música y la poesía, utilizando como ejes de este periplo Mazeppa ( poema de Víctor Hugo, poema sinfónico de Franz Liszt), La noche transfigurada ( poema de Richard Dehmel, poema sinfónico de Arnold Schoemberg), Don Quijote ( poema sinfónico de Richard Strauss basado sobre el personaje de Cervantes).
Abordaremos una de las más recientes relaciones de este tipo, analizando el resultado de la trinidad fecunda entre el arquitecto Le Corbusier, asistido por los compositores Iannis Xenakis y Edgar Varèse con su poema electrónico.
Assessment of rational use of drugs using World Health Organisation’s indicators in a government hospital of central Nepal
Authors: Deo Satish , Dahal Aashma , Sapkota Biswash 
Published: January 2024

Background: Irrational practice of medicines use is a serious problem of health care setting.
Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to assess rational use of drug (RUD) at a government hospital of central Nepal using World Health Organisation (WHO) core drug use indicators.
Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from 2022 November to December at Hetauda Hospital after ethical clearance. A total of 500 prescriptions were taken retrospectively by using systematic sampling method for prescribing indicators whereas 100 patient interviews were conducted prospectively to study patient care indicators. For facility-based indicators different departments of the selected hospital were visited to collect the data.
Results: The mean values of prescribing indicators of RUD in the surveyed hospital compared with WHO values for prescription of generics, antibiotics, and injections was found to be 6.3% (n = 119) vs.100%; 28.4% (n = 142) vs. 20-26.8%; and 1.2% (n = 6) vs. 13.4-21.1% respectively. Another discrepancy reported was regarding the mean number of drugs per prescription which was found to be more than the WHO optimal value (3.77 vs. 1.6-1.8). The average consultation time and dispensing time was found to be 5.52 ± 4.49 minutes vs. 10 minutes and 111 ± 60.2 seconds vs. more than 180 seconds, respectively as compared with WHO value.
Conclusion: According to the WHO/RUD core drug use indicators, rational medicine use is not attained in most prescribing and patient care components. It is recommended that health institutions should co-operate to promote the judicious use of medications.