bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise Training Independent of Intensity Lowers Plasma Bile Acids in Prediabetes
Authors: MALIN STEVEN K. , SYEDA U.S. AFSHEEN 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
People with obesity have high circulating bile acids (BA). Although aerobic fitness favors low circulating BA, the effect of training intensity before clinically meaningful weight loss on BA is unclear. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that 2 wk of interval (INT) versus continuous (CONT) exercise would lower plasma BA in relation to insulin sensitivity.

Methods
Twenty-three older adults with prediabetes (ADA criteria) were randomized to 12 work-matched bouts of INT (n = 11, 60.3 ± 2.4 yr, 32.1 ± 1.2 kg·m−2) at 3 min at 50% HRpeak and 3 min at 90% HRpeak or CONT (n = 12, 60.8 ± 2.4 yr, 34.0 ± 1.7 kg·m−2) at 70% HRpeak cycling training for 60 min·d−1 over 2 wk. A 180-min 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to assess glucose tolerance (tAUC), insulin sensitivity (Siis), and metabolic flexibility (RERpostprandial–RERfast; indirect calorimetry). BA (n = 8 conjugated and 7 unconjugated) were analyzed at 0, 30, and 60 min of the OGTT. Anthropometrics and fitness (V̇O2peak) were also assessed.

Results
INT and CONT comparably reduced body mass index (BMI; P < 0.001) and fasting RER (P < 0.001) but raised insulin sensitivity (P = 0.03). INT increased V̇O2peak as compared with CONT (P = 0.01). Exercise decreased the unconjugated BA chenodeoxycholic acid iAUC60min (P < 0.001), deoxycholic acid iAUC60min (P < 0.001), lithocholic acid iAUC60min (P < 0.001), and glycodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) iAUC60min (P < 0.001). Comparable reductions were also seen in the conjugated BA hyodeoxycholic acid iAUC60min (P = 0.01) and taurolithocholic acid iAUC60min (P = 0.007). Increased V̇O2peak was associated with lowered UDCA0min (r = −0.56, P = 0.02) and cholic acid iAUC60min (r = −0.60, P = 0.005), whereas reduced BMI was related to higher GDCA0min (r = 0.60, P = 0.005) and GCDCA0min (r = 0.53, P = 0.01). Improved insulin sensitivity correlated with lower GCDCA iAUC60min (r = −0.45, P = 0.03) and GDCA iAUC60min (r = −0.48, P = 0.02), whereas increased metabolic flexibility was related to deoxycholic acid iAUC60min (r = 0.64, P = 0.004) and GCDCA iAUC60min (r = 0.43, P = 0.05).

Conclusions
Short-term training lowers some BA in relation to insulin sensitivity independent of intensity.
MotionRender: A simple Python implementation of video motion visualization for 3D motion capture data
Authors: Harter Derek , Lu Shulan 
Published: January 2024

We describe a Python library project for generating animations of simple 3D motion capture data points. The motion capture method is agnostic with respect to this visualizaiton tool, expecting a time series of time stamped coordinates captured in a 3-dimensional space. One of the advantages of this tool is the simple data format design. This tool was developed originally for a Kinect system implementing skeleton tracking of 15 joint positions, where each data point consists of an accurate time of capture (time stamp), and 3 accurate coordinate (x, y, z) positions of each of the 15 joints at each time step. In addition to the motion capture time series, all that is needed is a joint graph file describing the relationship of the joint edges to one another. This library can be extended to visualize and create animations of motion capture data that can be reformulated using this basic structure of a time series of time stamped 3D coordinates and a joint graph description file. This library should be useful as is, or with easy modification, for many such visualization requirements of similar motion capture data.
Evaluate the awareness regarding the patient’s rights and responsibilities among the patient visiting hospitals
Authors: Diwan Toshi , Kanyal Deepika 
Published: January 2024

The patient's privileges are a set of moral principles that direct how patients and medical staff interact with one another. Each patient has a right to evidence of their legal obligations and the healthcare provider's duties. Respecting patient rights is an essential aspect of healthcare practices. The truth is that those who are ill are among society's most helpless members. The medical profession consequently views improvements to patient rights as being of the highest significance. A patient's rights are the set of moral principles that guide their engagement with medical personnel. Every single patient has an authorized right to knowledge about those rights as well as the duties of the healthcare practitioner. Aim: To assess the awareness regarding the patient rights and responsibilities among the patients in the tertiary care hospital. The objective is to assess the patient's and family's knowledge about the patient's rights and to study how patients' rights and ethics impact hospital employees. Materials and methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study will be carried out among 349 patients visiting the tertiary care hospital. Expected Result: The expected result of the study will be to uncover a baseline level of awareness among patients and their families regarding patients' rights when visiting hospitals. Through comprehensive assessments and surveys, will be determined that a considerable portion of patients may have limited knowledge about their rights in the healthcare setting. Also, it is expected that healthcare providers will become more attuned to the importance of upholding patients' rights. This alignment with patients' rights and ethical principles is anticipated to positively influence the overall organizational culture within hospitals, fostering an environment of respect, empathy, and patient empowerment.
Cooperation in Queueing Systems
Authors: Rosokha Yaroslav , Wei Chen 
Published: January 2024

We study a social dilemma in a single-queue system in which human servers have discretion over the effort with which to process orders that arrive stochastically. We show theoretically that the efficient outcome in the form of high effort can be sustained in the subgame-perfect equilibrium if the interactions are long term (even when each server has a short-term incentive to free-ride and provide low effort). In addition, we show that queue visibility plays an important role in the type of strategies that can sustain a high-effort equilibrium. In particular, we show that limiting feedback about the current state of the queue may be beneficial if the expected duration of interaction is long. We conduct two controlled laboratory experiments to test the theoretical predictions and find that effort increases with the expected duration of an interaction. We also find that visibility has a strong impact on the strategies that human subjects use to provide effort in a dynamic setting. We discuss implications for managers and firms that are trying to improve service systems. This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.00603 .
Gravity unloading of a very large spaceborne monolithic SiC mirror
Authors: Tian Fuxiang , Zhang Feng , Guo Jiang , Zhu Lei , Wang Hao 
Published: January 2024

We formulated a gravity unloading strategy for a monolithic silicon carbide (SiC) mirror with a Φ3m aperture in space. Employing the finite element analysis (FEA) technique, a rapid solution analytical approach for determining optimal support forces during gravity unloading is introduced. This method demonstrates enhanced efficiency and accuracy compared to conventional approaches. A quantitative evaluation methodology for the gravity release error, grounded in the minimum-energy mode, is delineated. The adverse impacts could be expeditiously computed by assessing the maximum deflection of minimum-energy modes generated by various errors. The analytical findings revealed that compliance with the stipulated gravity release error criterion of less than 6 nm (root-mean-square) necessitated the gravity unloading force error to fall within the range of ±0.1N. Additionally, the gravity unloading support position error was required to be within Φ0.5mm, and the measurement error pertaining to the rib thickness of the actual mirror blank had to be within ±0.02mm.
Germanene saturable absorber for mode-locked operation in an all-fiber laser with multiple dispersion environments
Authors: Han Yunao , Fan Weiyu , Zhao Xiaoyu , Wang Lezheng , He Yutian , Tang Yunqi , Zhang Huanian , Wang Guomei , Zhang Wenfei , Bai Caixun , Lu Cheng , Fu Shenggui 
Published: January 2024

In this paper, a high-quality germanene–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) saturable absorber (SA) with a modulation depth of 3.05% and a saturation intensity of 17.95MW/cm2 was prepared. Stable conventional mode-locking and harmonic mode-locking (HML) were achieved in germanene-based Er-doped fiber lasers (EDFL) using dispersion management techniques. In a cavity with a net dispersion value of −0.22ps2, the conventional soliton had a center wavelength of 1558.2 nm, a repetition frequency of 19.09 MHz, and a maximum 3 dB spectrum bandwidth of 3.5 nm. The highest repetition frequencies achieved in cavities with net dispersion values of −2.81ps2, −1.73ps2, and −1.09ps2 were 9.48 MHz, 12.75 MHz, and 12.10 MHz for HML, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of dispersion, power, and the polarization state on HML were systematically investigated. Our research results fully demonstrate the capability of germanene as an optical modulator in generating conventional mode-locked and harmonic mode-locked solitons. This provides meaningful references for promoting its application in ultrafast fiber lasers.
Structural and functional features of asthma participants with fixed airway obstruction using CT imaging and 1D computational fluid dynamics: A feasibility study
Authors: Nguyen Quoc Hung , Kim So Ri , Chae Kum Ju , Jin Gong Yong , Choi Sanghun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAsthma with fixed airway obstruction (FAO) is associated with significant morbidity and rapid decline in lung function, making its treatment challenging. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) along with data postprocessing is a useful tool to obtain detailed information on airway structure, parenchymal function, and computational flow features. In this study, we aim to identify the structural and functional differences between asthma with and without FAO. The FAO group was defined by a ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC <0.7. Accordingly, we obtained two sets of QCT images at inspiration and expiration of asthma subjects without (N = 24) and with FAO (N = 12). Structural and functional QCT‐derived airway variables were extracted, including normalized hydraulic diameter, normalized airway wall thickness, functional small airway disease, and emphysema percentage. A one‐dimensional (1D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model considering airway deformation was used to compare the pressure distribution between the two groups. The computational pressures showed strong correlations with the pulmonary function test (PFT)‐based metrics. In conclusion, asthma participants with FAO had worse lung functions and higher‐pressure drops than those without FAO.
Performance of doubly reinforced concrete beams with GFRP bars
Authors: AbdulMuttalib Issa Musa , Allawi Abbas A. , Oukaili Nazar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The study focused on examining the behavior of six concrete beams that were reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars to evaluate their performance in terms of their load-carrying capacity, deflection, and other mechanical properties. The experimental investigation would provide insights into the feasibility and effectiveness of GFRP bars as an alternative to traditional reinforcement materials like steel bars in concrete structures. The GFRP bars were used in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Each beam in the study shared the following specifications: an overall length of 2,400 mm, a clear span of 2,100 mm, and a rectangular cross-section measuring 300 mm in width and 250 mm in depth. To apply loads for testing, two-point static loads were placed at the middle third of the beam’s span, creating a shear span of 700 mm in length. The beams were categorized into three groups depending on the GFRP longitudinal reinforcement ratio in the tension and compression zones of the section. GFRP bars with a diameter of 15 mm were employed as longitudinal reinforcement, while closed GFRP stirrups with a diameter of 8 mm at 100 mm were utilized as transverse reinforcement throughout the structural element. Test results have indicated that the ultimate load capacity of doubly GFRP-reinforced concrete beams varies compared to singly GFRP-reinforced beams. The range of variation observed is between an increase of 8% and a decrease of 4%. Accordingly, the contribution of the GFRP bars in the compression zone is insignificant and could be ignored in design calculations. It was observed that the loading level at which crack spacing stabilized ranged between 31.3 and 87% of the experimental failure load. It seems that the crack spacing decreased with the increase in the reinforcement ratio.
Experimental analysis of the effects of different production directions on the mechanical characteristics of ABS, PLA, and PETG materials produced by FDM
Authors: Erdaş Mehmet Umut , Yıldız Betül Sultan , Yıldız Ali Rıza 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
One of the most researched technologies among technologies used for producing complex and diverse parts today is additive manufacturing. In additive manufacturing, production can be carried out using thermoplastic and metal materials without requiring an additional process. Among the additive manufacturing technologies, the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) method is the most widely used method worldwide due to its affordability and broad application area. FFF is a method in which part formation is achieved by depositing melted materials on each other. In recent years, polymer materials such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) have been frequently used in many industrial areas in the FFF method because they are lightweight, inexpensive, sustainable, and provide sufficient strength for engineering applications. This study conducted tensile, three-point bending, Charpy, and compression tests on PLA, PETG, and ABS materials at angles of 15°–75° and 30°–60°, and the results were compared.
Transparent energy-saving windows based on broadband directional thermal emission
Authors: Bae Minyeol , Kim Do Hyeon , Kim Sun-Kyung , Song Young Min 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Passive radiative cooling has emerged as a sustainable energy-saving solution, characterized by its energy-free operation and absence of carbon emissions. Conventional radiative coolers are designed with a skyward orientation, allowing for efficient heat dissipation to the cold heat sink. However, this design feature presents challenges when installed on vertical surfaces, as nearby objects obstruct heat release by blocking the cooler’s skyward view. Here, we introduce a directional radiative cooling glass (DRCG) designed to facilitate efficient heat dissipation through angular selective emission. The DRCG is constructed as a multilayer structure incorporating epsilon-near-zero materials, specifically Si3N4 and Al2O3, layered on an indium-tin-oxide thermal reflector. This innovative design restricts thermal emission to specific angular ranges, known as the Berreman mode. Additionally, the transparent layers enable a visible transmittance exceeding 84 %. Theoretical simulations validate the enhanced cooling performance of the DRCG, exhibiting a temperature reduction of over 1.5 °C compared with conventional glass in hot urban environments characterized by a nearby object temperature exceeding 60 °C and a sky view factor of 0.25. Furthermore, outdoor experiments demonstrate that employing the DRCG as a window enhances space-cooling performance by ∼1.5 °C. These findings underscore the potential of transparent energy-saving windows in mitigating the urban heat island effect.
Programmable flip-metasurface with dynamically tunable reflection and broadband undistorted transmission
Authors: Wang Cong , Li Xiangteng , Chu Hongchen , Liu Baiyang , Miao Shenhao , Peng Ruwen , Wang Mu , Lai Yun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We introduce a programmable flip-metasurface that can dynamically control the reflection while leaving the transmitted wavefront undistorted in an ultra-broad spectrum, i.e., the same as that of the incidence. This metasurface is constructed by unique meta-atoms that can be dynamically switched between two flip states, which correspond to the spatial inversion of each other. Due to the reciprocity principle and spatial inversion symmetry, the transmission is independent of the flip states, regardless of the frequency. While the reflection can be conveniently controlled by tuning the flip states. Dynamical steering of the reflected waves, such as diffuse reflection, focusing, and beam-splitting, is numerically and experimentally validated along with unaffected transmission. Our finding opens an approach to dynamically modulate reflections without affecting transmission, which could have broad potential applications ranging from wireless communications to stealth technology.
Clinical pharmacy services in cancer patients with hypertension
Authors: Tezcan Songul , Yılmaz Feyza Nur 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Clinical pharmacy services aim to ensure the rational use of drugs and resolve disease/health conditions with a multidisciplinary approach. Pharmaceutical care plans need to be created to effectively provide clinical pharmacy services in the treatment of hypertension which is one of the common chronic diseases in cancer patients. In this mini-review, we examine which drugs can cause or worsen hypertension in patients receiving cancer treatment, potential drug-drug interactions between drugs used in cancer treatment and antihypertensive drugs, pharmacological and clinical studies for the treatment of hypertension in patients with hypertension before cancer diagnosis or newly diagnosed hypertension due to cancer treatment. Non-pharmacological treatment approaches are presented. We think that our study will be a resource that can be used to solve possible drug-related problems in the practice.
The perturbation of Drazin inverse and dual Drazin inverse
Authors: Wang Hongxing , Cui Chong , Wei Yimin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, we derive the Drazin inverse(A+εB)D{\left(A+\varepsilon B)}^{D}of the complex matrixA+εBA+\varepsilon BwithInd(A+εB)>1{\rm{Ind}}\left(A+\varepsilon B)\gt 1andInd(A)=k{\rm{Ind}}\left(A)=kand the group inverse(A+εB)#{\left(A+\varepsilon B)}^{\#}of the complex matrixA+εBA+\varepsilon BwithInd(A+εB)=1{\rm{Ind}}\left(A+\varepsilon B)=1andInd(A)=k{\rm{Ind}}\left(A)=kwhenεB\varepsilon Bis viewed as the perturbation ofAA. If the dual Drazin inverse (DDGI)A^DDGI{\widehat{A}}^{{\rm{DDGI}}}ofA^\widehat{A}is considered as a notation. We calculate(A+εB)D−A^DDGI{\left(A+\varepsilon B)}^{D}-{\widehat{A}}^{{\rm{DDGI}}}and(A+εB)#−A^DDGI{\left(A+\varepsilon B)}^{\#}-{\widehat{A}}^{{\rm{DDGI}}}and obtain‖(A+εB)D−A^DDGI‖P∈O(ε2)\Vert {\left(A+\varepsilon B)}^{D}-{\widehat{A}}^{{\rm{DDGI}}}{\Vert }_{P}\in {\mathcal{O}}\left({\varepsilon }^{2})and‖(A+εB)#−A^DDGI‖P∈O(ε2)\Vert {\left(A+\varepsilon B)}^{\#}-{\widehat{A}}^{{\rm{DDGI}}}{\Vert }_{P}\in {\mathcal{O}}\left({\varepsilon }^{2}). Meanwhile, we give some examples to verify these conclusions.
Potential of Therapeutic Curculigo latifolia Extracts on Alloxan-induced Diabetes in a Male Mus muscullus
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Sutandi Agus , Kusumawati Eni , Nurhayati Sari , Fitri Fadillya Maulidilla , Nafsi Ginan , Nuraeni Sri Wahyuni 
Published: January 2024

Curculigo latifolia is a herbaceous plant that is abundant on the islands of Java, Sumatra and Kalimantan. C. latifolia has not been well explored. The research to determine the phytochemical content of C. latifolia, to analyze the organoleptic sweetness level of C. latifolia fruit and to analyze the anti-diabetic potential of C. latifolia plant extracts on diabetic mice. The study was conducted experimentally using 6 treatment levels and 4 replications. Prior to treatment, mice were induced hyperglycemia using alloxan 150 mg/kg WB were induced subcutaneously. The treatment being tested was oral Ethanol crude extract (ECE) for 28 days with 400 mg/kg WB, namely: G1: oral mineral water; G2: glibenclamide ; G3: ECE leaf; G4: ECE root; G5: ECE fruit and G6: ECE tree. Blood sugar levels were measured at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after oral ECE. Therefore, respondents stated that after consuming the fruit, they had a sweet-tasting and taste-modifying mineral water with a strength of 82.40 ± 8.36%, but the fruit extract did not show any sweet-tasting and taste-modifying. ANOVA results showed that oral ECE administration had a significant effect low on blood sugar levels. the HSD test was carried out with a 95% confidence level. ECE C. latifolia showed positive results on the tests of flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids and tannins. G4 was effective in reducing sugar levels after short time and G5 for 28 days (long time). C. latifolia have pharmacology effects to lower sugar levels and has taste modifying to sweetness.
Verification of Maman (Cleome gynandra (L.) Briq.) from Riau Based on matK and trnL-trnL-trnF Intergenic Spacer
Authors: Roslim Dewi Indriyani , Herman Herman , Putri Shalsadila Rahmadani , Furqoni Aries Tri , Budiono Deanne Yoshe Fidela , Altuhaish Adeel Abdulkarim Fadhl , Lestari Wahyu 
Published: January 2024

Maman is a traditional plant frequently used as food by people in Melayu Rokan of Riau Province. Morphological detection indicates that the scientific name of maman is Cleome gynandra L. The objective of this study is to confirm the taxonomic status of maman from Riau basedon matK and trnL-trnL-trnF intergenic spacer (IGS) sequences. Methods utilized in this study included sampling, DNA extraction, PCR, electrophoresis, sequencing, and data analysis. The fresh leaves were picked up from Rokan Hulu Regency, Riau Province. In this study, the matK and trnL-trnL-trnF IGS sequences of maman with a length of 754 bp and 938 bp, respectively, had been obtained. The BLASTn analysis based on both sequences showed that maman had 100% similarity to Gynandropsis gynandra. Cleome gynandra was synonymous with G. gynandra. There were 49 nucleotide variations, 16 critical nucleotides, and there were no indels in matK. Meanwhile, in trnL-trnL-trnF IGS there were 181 nucleotide variations, 13 critical nucleotides, and 61 indels. In conclusion, this study succeeded in confirming the taxonomic status of maman from Riau as C. gynandra syn. G. gynandra. The result enriched the abundance of DNA barcode sequences of this plant in GenBank which is useful for the molecular identification.