bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian method to mitigate the effects of unmodelled time-varying systematics for 21-cm cosmology experiments
Authors: Kirkham Christian J , Anstey Dominic J , de Lera Acedo Eloy 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Radio observations of the neutral hydrogen signal from the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization have helped to provide constraints on the properties of the first stars and galaxies. Since this global 21-cm cosmological signal from the Cosmic Dawn is effectively constant on observing time-scales and since effects resulting from systematics will vary with time, the effects of these systematics can be mitigated without the need for a model of the systematic. We present a method to account for unmodelled time-varying systematics in 21-cm radio cosmology experiments using a squared exponential Gaussian process kernel to account for correlations between time bins in a fully Bayesian way. We find by varying the model parameters of a simulated systematic that the Gaussian process method improves our ability to recover the signal parameters by widening the posterior in the presence of a systematic and reducing the bias in the mean fit parameters. When varying the amplitude of a model sinusoidal systematic between 0.25 and 2.00 times the 21-cm signal amplitude and the period between 0.5 and 4.0 times the signal width, we find on average a 5 per cent improvement in the root mean squared error of the fitted signal. We can use the fitted Gaussian process hyperparameters to identify the presence of a systematic in the data, demonstrating the method’s utility as a diagnostic tool. Furthermore, we can use Gaussian process regression to calculate a mean fit to the residuals over time, providing a basis for producing a model of the time-varying systematic.
Interaction of histone H4 with Cse4 facilitates conformational changes in Cse4 for its sumoylation and mislocalization
Authors: Ohkuni Kentaro , Au Wei-Chun , Kazi Amira Z , Villamil Mark , Kaiser Peter , Basrai Munira A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mislocalization of overexpressed CENP-A (Cse4 in budding yeast, Cnp1 in fission yeast, CID in flies) contributes to chromosomal instability (CIN) in yeasts, flies, and human cells. Mislocalization of CENP-A is observed in many cancers and this correlates with poor prognosis. Structural mechanisms that contribute to mislocalization of CENP-A are poorly defined. Here, we show that interaction of histone H4 with Cse4 facilitates an in vivo conformational change in Cse4 promoting its mislocalization in budding yeast. We determined that Cse4 Y193A mutant exhibits reduced sumoylation, mislocalization, interaction with histone H4, and lethality in psh1Δ and cdc48-3 strains; all these phenotypes are suppressed by increased gene dosage of histone H4. We developed a new in vivo approach, antibody accessibility (AA) assay, to examine the conformation of Cse4. AA assay showed that wild-type Cse4 with histone H4 is in an ‘open’ state, while Cse4 Y193A predominantly exhibits a ‘closed’ state. Increased gene dosage of histone H4 contributes to a shift of Cse4 Y193A to an ‘open’ state with enhanced sumoylation and mislocalization. We provide molecular insights into how Cse4-H4 interaction changes the conformational state of Cse4 in vivo. These studies advance our understanding for mechanisms that promote mislocalization of CENP-A in human cancers.
DAXX promotes centromeric stability independently of ATRX by preventing the accumulation of R-loop-induced DNA double-stranded breaks
Authors: Pinto Lia M , Pailas Alexandros , Bondarchenko Max , Sharma Abhishek Bharadwaj , Neumann Katrin , Rizzo Anthony J , Jeanty Céline , Nicot Nathalie , Racca Carine , Graham Mindy K , Naughton Catherine , Liu Yaqun , Chen Chun-Long , Meakin Paul J , Gilbert Nick , Britton Sébastien , Meeker Alan K , Heaphy Christopher M , Larminat Florence , Van Dyck Eric 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Maintaining chromatin integrity at the repetitive non-coding DNA sequences underlying centromeres is crucial to prevent replicative stress, DNA breaks and genomic instability. The concerted action of transcriptional repressors, chromatin remodelling complexes and epigenetic factors controls transcription and chromatin structure in these regions. The histone chaperone complex ATRX/DAXX is involved in the establishment and maintenance of centromeric chromatin through the deposition of the histone variant H3.3. ATRX and DAXX have also evolved mutually-independent functions in transcription and chromatin dynamics. Here, using paediatric glioma and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor cell lines, we identify a novel ATRX-independent function for DAXX in promoting genome stability by preventing transcription-associated R-loop accumulation and DNA double-strand break formation at centromeres. This function of DAXX required its interaction with histone H3.3 but was independent of H3.3 deposition and did not reflect a role in the repression of centromeric transcription. DAXX depletion mobilized BRCA1 at centromeres, in line with BRCA1 role in counteracting centromeric R-loop accumulation. Our results provide novel insights into the mechanisms protecting the human genome from chromosomal instability, as well as potential perspectives in the treatment of cancers with DAXX alterations.
Protist ubiquitin ligase effector PbE3-2 targets cysteine protease RD21A to impede plant immunity
Authors: Li Chao , Luo Shaofeng , Feng Lu , Wang Qianqian , Cheng Jiasen , Xie Jiatao , Lin Yang , Fu Yanping , Jiang Daohong , Chen Tao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Clubroot, caused by the soil-borne protist pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae, is one of the most devastating diseases of Brassica oil and vegetable crops worldwide. Understanding the pathogen infection strategy is crucial for the development of disease control. However, because of its obligate biotrophic nature, the molecular mechanism by which this pathogen promotes infection remains largely unknown. P. brassicae E3 ubiquitin ligase 2 (PbE3-2) is a Really Interesting New Gene (RING)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase in P. brassicae with E3 ligase activity in vitro. Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) invertase assay and apoplast washing fluid extraction showed that PbE3-2 harbors a functional signal peptide. Overexpression of PbE3-2 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) resulted in higher susceptibility to P. brassicae and decreases in chitin-triggered reactive oxygen species burst and expression of marker genes in salicylic acid signaling. PbE3-2 interacted with and ubiquitinated host cysteine protease RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 21A (RD21A) in vitro and in vivo. Mutant plants deficient in RD21A exhibited similar susceptibility and compromised immune responses as in PbE3-2 overexpression plants. We show that PbE3-2, which targets RD21A, is an important virulence factor for P. brassicae. Two other secretory RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligases in P. brassicae performed the same function as PbE3-2 and ubiquitinated RD21A. This study reveals a substantial virulence functional role of protist E3 ubiquitin ligases and demonstrates a mechanism by which protist E3 ubiquitin ligases degrade host immune-associated cysteine proteases to impede host immunity.
Immunophilin FKB20-2 participates in oligomerization of Photosystem I in Chlamydomonas
Authors: Guo Jia , Yao Qiang , Dong Jie , Hou Jinrong , Jia Pulian , Chen Xueying , Li Guoyang , Zhao Qi , Wang Jingyi , Liu Fang , Wang Ziyu , Shan Yuying , Zhang Tengyue , Fu Aigen , Wang Fei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
PSI is a sophisticated photosynthesis protein complex that fuels the light reaction of photosynthesis in algae and vascular plants. While the structure and function of PSI have been studied extensively, the dynamic regulation on PSI oligomerization and high light response is less understood. In this work, we characterized a high light-responsive immunophilin gene FKB20-2 (FK506-binding protein 20-2) required for PSI oligomerization and high light tolerance in Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). Biochemical assays and 77-K fluorescence measurement showed that loss of FKB20-2 led to the reduced accumulation of PSI core subunits and abnormal oligomerization of PSI complexes and, particularly, reduced PSI intermediate complexes in fkb20-2. It is noteworthy that the abnormal PSI oligomerization was observed in fkb20-2 even under dark and dim light growth conditions. Coimmunoprecipitation, MS, and yeast 2-hybrid assay revealed that FKB20-2 directly interacted with the low molecular weight PSI subunit PsaG, which might be involved in the dynamic regulation of PSI-light-harvesting complex I supercomplexes. Moreover, abnormal PSI oligomerization caused accelerated photodamage to PSII in fkb20-2 under high light stress. Together, we demonstrated that immunophilin FKB20-2 affects PSI oligomerization probably by interacting with PsaG and plays pivotal roles during Chlamydomonas tolerance to high light.
Dimensions of Emotional Fit
Authors: Mason Sam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Emotions are open to various kinds of normative assessment. For example, we can assess emotions for their prudential or moral value. Recently, philosophers have increasingly attended to a distinct form of normative assessment of emotions—fittingness assessment. An emotion is fitting when it is merited by its object. For example, admiration is fitting when it is felt towards the admirable, and shame towards the shameful. This paper defends a hybrid account of emotional fittingness. Emotions are complex, and typically involve various elements. As well as involving representations that can be assessed for accuracy, emotions typically motivate their subjects in characteristically urgent ways. The fittingness of an emotion as a whole is a function of the fittingness of both its representational and motivational aspects.
The Psychological Externalities of Investing: Evidence from Stock Returns and Crime
Authors: Huck John R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the psychological effects from stock market returns. Using an FBI database of over 55 million daily reported crime incidents across the United States, crime is proposed as a measure of psychological well-being. The evidence suggests that stock returns affect the well-being of not only investors but also noninvestors. Specifically, a contemporaneous negative (positive) relationship between daily stock market returns and violent crime rates is found for investors (noninvestors). A similar relationship is also found between local earnings surprises and violent crime. The contrasting relationships for investors and noninvestors suggests that relative wealth may influence well-being.
A new proposed procedure for calibrating personal dosemeters for X and gamma radiations, based on Hp(30)water
Authors: Bouzegzi Kamal , Amroun-Frahi Akila , Medjadj Toufik , Herrati Ammar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Recently, a new operational quantity Hp(30)water has been proposed to replace Hp(10). This paper describes a new proposed procedure for calibrating personal dosemeters, for X and gamma radiations, in terms of this new quantity Hp(30)water. Compared to the current procedure based on Hp(10), the proposed procedure requires fewer steps and it is easier to implement. Indeed, this new procedure is based on the direct measurement of the quantity of interest, unlike the current one that necessitates the measurement of an intermediate quantity, the air kerma and then the use of conversion coefficients. Some of the advantages of the proposed procedure, such as no need of conversion coefficients to determine the value of the quantity of interest, and no need of additional material to ensure the conditions of electronic equilibrium of the secondary electrons, are highlighted. The feasibility of the proposed procedure is verified. The fluence-to-Hp(30)water conversion coefficients are measured for Cs-137 and Co-60 radiation qualities, and are found in good agreement with those available in the literature.
Upper and lower airway interactions in children
Authors: de Benedictis Fernando M. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
The aim of the present review was to highlight the interactions between rhinitis, rhinosinusitis and asthma in children and to discuss the most relevant scientific progresses in the pathophysiology and treatment of these combined conditions.

Recent findings
Advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying the relationship between upper and lower airways have provided valuable insights into the role of eosinophils in the pathophysiology of inflammatory events and have further delineated the concept of united airway disease. Studies addressed to evaluate the burden of sinonasal system on asthma outcomes showed a parallel severity of upper and lower airway diseases. Histopathology of sinonasal tissue in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis is different in adults and children. Targeted administration of biological agents represents an effective treatment in patients with severe uncontrolled asthma, but specific trials are awaited in children with chronic sinonasal disease.

Summary
Allergic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis are important comorbidities in patients with asthma. Improved knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms of inflammation and remodelling in the sinonasal system and the lung has led to new therapeutic approaches in patients with united airway disease and opened interesting perspectives for personalized drug therapies.
Expert Views on State Policies to Improve Engagement and Retention in Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: A Qualitative Analysis of an Online Modified Delphi Process
Authors: Grant Sean , Smart Rosanna , Gordon Adam J. , Pacula Rosalie Liccardo , Stein Bradley D. 
Published: December 2023

Objectives
The aim of this study was to examine expert views on the effectiveness and implementability of state policies to improve engagement and retention in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD).

Methods
We conducted a 3-round modified Delphi process using the online ExpertLens platform. Participants included 66 experts on OUD treatment policies. Experts commented on 14 hypothetical state policies targeting treatment engagement and quality of care. Using the GRADE Evidence-to-Decision framework, we conducted reflexive thematic analysis to develop patterns of meaning from the dataset.

Results
Only policies for providing continued access to evidence-based treatment for highly at-risk populations, settings, and periods were seen as effective in meaningfully reducing population-level opioid-related overdose mortality. Experts commented that, although the general public increasingly supports policies expanding medications for OUD and evidence-based care, ongoing stigma about OUD encourages public acceptance of punitive and paternalistic policies. Experts viewed all policies as at least moderately feasible given the current infrastructure and resources, with affordability reliant on long-term cost savings from reduced opioid-related harms. Equitability depended on whether experts perceived a policy as inherently equitable in its design as well as concerns about the potential for inequitable implementation due to structural oppression and interpersonal biases in criminal-legal, healthcare, and other systems.

Conclusions
Experts believe that supportive (rather than punitive) policies improve engagement and retention in OUD treatment. States could prioritize implementing supportive policies that are patient-centered and take a harm-reduction approach to enhance medications for OUD access and utilization. States could consider deimplementing punitive policies that are coercive, take an abstinence-only approach, and use punitive and restrictive measures.
Association between outdoor temperature and fatal police shootings in the United States, 2015–2021
Authors: Martinson Ellen , Chang Howard H. , D’Souza Rohan R. , Ebelt Stefanie , Scovronick Noah 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Here, we investigate the association between outdoor temperature and fatal police shootings in the United States between 2015 and 2021.

Methods:
We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study. Data on fatal police shootings were from the Washington Post’s Fatal Force database and temperature data were from Daymet.

Results:
A 5°C increase in maximum same-day temperature was associated with a 1.033 (95% CI = 1.002, 1.065) increased odds of a fatal police shooting. In stratified analyses, the strongest associations were observed in victims who were armed (OR, 1.052 [95% CI = 1.017, 1.088), White (OR, 1.052 [95% CI = 1.006, 1.100), or aged 45+ (OR, 1.110 [95% CI = 1.044, 1.181]). In additional subgroup analyses, relative risks were also generally higher among those who were armed.

Conclusions:
There is evidence of an association between outdoor temperature and fatal police shootings in the United States, particularly when the victims were reported as armed. This study cannot determine if the associations are a result of any specific causes (e.g., increased police aggression or other factors).
EUS coil and glue for gastric varices-prevent, treat and rescue, one therapy to rule them all?
Authors: Puri Rajesh , Sharma Zubin Dev , Patle Saurabh , Bhagat Suraj , Kathuria Abhishek 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives
In portal hypertension, gastric varix–associated bleeding is known to have higher transfusion requirements, uncontrolled bleeding, rebleeding, intensive care unit requirements, and death. EUS–guided coil insertion is now an acceptable modality for endoscopic management in cases of gastric varices. With this study, we discuss our large single-center experience in the use of EUS for coil and glue injection in gastric varices. We also look into adverse events associated with and possibilities of using this modality as both primary prophylaxis and a rescue therapy.

Methods
The study was conducted in a tertiary care center in India. A total of 86 patients were included in the study. The indication for EUS-guided coil and glue was divided into 3 clinical situations, namely, rebleed, rescue, and primary. The technical success and clinical success, that is, control of bleed in patients, were confirmed by absence of Doppler signal on EUS, endoscopic view, and stabilized hemoglobin with no need of blood product transfusion to maintain hemoglobin.

Results
The mean Child-Turcotte-Pugh score and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease–Na score were 9.2 and 14.6, respectively. The mean size of the gastric varices was 18.9 mm. The mean number of coils used was 2.9, and the average quantity of glue required was 1.6 mL. The technical success was 100% across the patient group. Clinical success was seen in 90% of the patient group. Mean follow-up was seen for 175.2 days.

Conclusions
EUS-guided coil and glue therapy has a role in different clinical settings, as primary therapy, rebleed, and rescue therapy. It has significant technical and clinical success. Its role in treatment algorithms needs to be further studied in prospective studies. It may offer a cost advantage in comparison to interventional radiology-led interventions.
Cognitive, Functional, and Quality of Life Outcomes 6 Months After Mechanical Ventilation for Bronchiolitis: A Secondary Analysis of Data From the Randomized Evaluation of Sedation Titration for Respiratory Failure Trial (RESTORE)
Authors: Fischer Meredith , Ngendahimana David K. , Watson R. Scott , Schwarz Adam J. , Shein Steven L. 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES:
To describe rates and associated risk factors for functional decline 6 months after critical bronchiolitis in a large, multicenter dataset.

DESIGN:
Nonprespecified secondary analysis of existing 6-month follow-up data of patients in the Randomized Evaluation of Sedation Titration for Respiratory Failure trial (RESTORE, NCT00814099).

SETTING:
Patients recruited to RESTORE in any of 31 PICUs in the United States, 2009–2013.

PATIENTS:
Mechanically ventilated PICU patients under 2 years at admission with a primary diagnosis of bronchiolitis.

INTERVENTIONS:
There were no interventions in this secondary analysis; in the RESTORE trial, PICUs were randomized to protocolized sedation versus usual care.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
“Functional decline,” defined as worsened Pediatric Overall Performance Category and/or Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) scores at 6 months post-PICU discharge as compared with preillness baseline. Quality of life was assessed using Infant Toddler Quality of Life Questionnaire (ITQOL; children < 2 yr old at follow-up) or Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) at 6 months post-PICU discharge. In a cohort of 232 bronchiolitis patients, 28 (12%) had functional decline 6 months postdischarge, which was associated with unfavorable quality of life in several ITQOL and PedsQL domains. Among 209 patients with normal baseline functional status, 19 (9%) had functional decline. In a multivariable model including all subjects, decline was associated with greater odds of worse baseline PCPC score and longer PICU length of stay (LOS). In patients with normal baseline status, decline was also associated with greater odds of longer PICU LOS.

CONCLUSIONS:
In a random sampling of RESTORE subjects, 12% of bronchiolitis patients had functional decline at 6 months. Given the high volume of mechanically ventilated patients with bronchiolitis, this observation suggests many young children may be at risk of new morbidities after PICU admission, including functional and/or cognitive morbidity and reduced quality of life.
COVID-19 Vaccine Information Seeking Patterns and Vaccine Hesitancy: A Latent Class Analysis to Inform Practice
Authors: Piltch-Loeb Rachael , Silver Diana , Kim Yeerae , Abramson David 
Published: December 2023

Context:
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, state and local health departments served as risk communicators to the public; however, public health practitioners have limited resources at their disposal when trying to communicate information, especially when guidance is rapidly changing. Identifying how the population gathers information across channels and which subsets of the population utilize which channels can help practitioners make the best use of these limited resources.

Objective:
To identify how individuals utilized different information channels to get COVID-19–related information and determine its effect on one COVID-19–related action: vaccine intentions.

Design:
This study applies latent class analysis to utilization of information channels to characterize information consumption patterns during the COVID-19 infodemic and then explores the relationship between these patterns and vaccine hesitancy.

Setting:
The data were collected from the COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Survey, which is a nationally representative sample of US adults 18 years and older recruited from Social Science Research Solutions (SSRS)'s Opinion Panel.

Participants:
The online survey was conducted between April 7 and April 11, 2021, after the COVID-19 vaccine was available to all adults and enrolled more than 3000 respondents (n = 3014).

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Respondents were asked about their frequency of information seeking related to the COVID-19 vaccine, sociodemographics, and vaccine perceptions.

Results:
Based on fit statistics and prior research, we identified 6 latent classes that characterize information seeking: Nonseekers, Legacy, Legacy + Facebook/Instagram, Traditional Omnivore, Omnivore + Broad Social Media, and Twitter. Sociodemographics, political, economic, and COVID-19 exposure variables are associated with different patterns of seeking information about COVID-19. Membership in 3 of these classes was associated with higher rates of vaccine refusal and vaccine hesitancy.

Discussion:
The study has implications for public health officials and policymakers who use media channels to share news and health information with the public. Information should be tailored to the sociodemographic profiles of those users who are likely consuming information across multiple different channels.