bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enticing Reasons
Authors: Dancy Jonathan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper I consider the possibility of a general distinction between two sorts of reason: those that entice and those that are, as I will later say, more ‘peremptory’ in style. The main idea here is that some reasons are obviously in the business of more or less telling us what to do though this way of putting the point will turn out not to be quite right, and I use it here only to help you see what I am getting at; moral reasons are an obvious case in point, but many reasons of prudence do the same (the reasons for having your brakes checked are peremptory, in my sense).
Disengaging Reason
Authors: Frankfurt Harry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The philosophical thought of Joseph Raz is characterized by provocatively creative insight, remarkable analytical penetration, refreshingly humane judgement, and a steady and far reaching logical grasp. These have enabled him to develop comprehensive and compelling structures of theory and argument. Moreover, Raz is especially notable among those who are deeply concerned with the issues to which he has devoted his efforts, in that he is so far from being an ideologue. In articulating and elaborating his moral and social vision, he is never moralistic or sentimental. On the contrary, he is guided invariably by a severe and selfless commitment to the most austere ideals of objectivity and of reason.
Egalitarianism, Choice00ADSensitivity, and Accommodation
Authors: Shiffrin Seana Valentine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Many contemporary liberal egalitarians construe egalitarianism to require resource distributions that are designed to be insensitive to features of people that are due to luck but sensitive to their choices. While many disagree about how to interpret this aim, there is a surprising degree of consensus among egalitarians and many non00ADegalitarians that a fair distributive scheme would require individuals to internalize the costs of their voluntary choices. Many egalitarians not only contend that egalitarianism is fully compatible with respect for freedom and 11utonomy, but further regard the concern to ensure conditions of equal freedom as an important motivation behind egalitarianism and its emphasis on choice00ADsensitivity.
What is it to Wrong Someone? A Puzzle about Justice
Authors: Thompson Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
You have, as we sometimes say, a duty ‘to Sylvia’ not to kill her. You ‘owe’ it to her not to kill her. Such language is perhaps a bit stiff, but we can put the same point more colloquially. We can say, for example, that in killing Sylvia you would wrong her: you would do wrong precisely ‘to’ her, or do wrong ‘by’ her. And, though it opens something of a Pandora’s box, we might reverse terms in the relation, saying, I think quite aptly, that Sylvia has a right, morally speaking, precisely a3ainst you. She has a right, namely, not to be killed by you, and a claim to something better.
Empedocles On The Ultimate Symmetry Of The World
Authors: Trėpanier Slmion 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The modern study of Empedocles entered a new era in I999, with the publication by Alain Martin and Olivier Primavesi of a sensational new text, the Strasbourg papyrus. The papyrus, dated to the first or second century AD and assembled from many smaller pieces, comprises six continuous sections, of which four are of significant size. These sections, called ensembles by the editors, preserve a total of 74 full or partial new hexameter lines, while a further 20 coincide with lines previously known, leaving no doubts concerning the identification of the work as Empedoclean. The papyrus is also, to all evidence, a text of Empedocles, not a quotation, and is thus the first instance of direct textual transmission of that author.
Themistius And Spontaneous Generation In Aristotle’s Metaphysics
Authors: Henry Devin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At the outset of Generation of Animals Aristotle announces that the generation of living things is to be divided into two kinds, biogenetic and abiogenetic: Some animals are produced from the union of male and female, among such kinds as have male and female—for not all them have this division. Among the blooded kinds, in all but a few the male on the one hand and the female on the other are perfected. But among the bloodless, while some have male and female in such a way that they generate the same kind, others generate offspring that are not in fact the same kind: such are those that do not come from the union of living animals but from decaying earth and residues. (GA r. 1, 71518–26, trans. Balme with modifications)
Sextus And External World Scepticism
Authors: Fine Gail 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his Lectures on the History of Philosophy, Hegel argues that ancient scepticism is more profound and all-encompassing than Cartesian scepticism and the scepticism of his day. Lately, however, several commentators have argued to the contrary that ancient scepticism is less all-encompassing than Cartesian and post-Cartesian scepticism. One way in which ancient scepticism is thought to
Introduction
Authors: Shoemaker Sydney 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The essays in this volume were written over a period of approximately fifteen years. The earliest of them were begun a few years after the publication of my book Self-Knowledge and Self-Identity (SK&Sl), and many of the themes that figure in these essays were already present in that earlier work. By the time I began writing these essays, however, my thinking had changed in important ways from that represented in SK&Sl. A brief account of some of the changes may help to orient the reader to the present work (which, however, assumes no familiarity with the earlier one).
Absent qualia are impossible - a reply to Block
Authors: Shoemaker Sydney 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his recent paper “Are Absent Qualia Impossible?” (hereafter AAQI),1 Ned Block attempts to rebut an argument I gave for an affirmative answer to his title question in my paper, “Functionalism and Qualia” (hereafter F&Q).2 The issues raised by this controversy go far beyond the question of whether a particular argument of mine is successful. The question of what account we are to give of “qualia” (of the “qualitative” /”phenomenal “/”subjective”/”raw feel” aspects of the mental), or of what can and cannot sensibly be said about them, is one of the most central issues in the philosophy of mind.
Plutarch: Narrative And A Whole Life
Authors: Sorabji Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Another ancient philosopher made memory constitute the self, Plutarch of Chaeroneia, the Middle Platonist of the 1st century ad. This is in the text that I described in chapter two as making the earliest connection I knew between self and narrative, and I there considered two different interpretations. Writing about tranquility, Plutarch says that in order to attain it we need to use our memories to weave our life into a unified whole.
Unity Of Self-Awareness
Authors: Sorabji Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The idea of self-awareness will become important in chapters fifteen and sixteen, where I shall argue that much of our ethics and agency depends on the same person — and that includes ourselves —being the owner of different activities and experiences, and on our recognizing this. The recognition involves a sense of a unitary self. On the other side, I shall argue, parfit recognizes only a stream of psycho-physical events without an owner in anything except in name.
Could We Survive Through Time Going In A Circle?
Authors: Sorabji Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the next two chapters, I shall ask whether survival of a different sort might be provided by natural instead of supernatural means, if time went round in a circle. And I shall also ask whether it is irrational to feel horror at the thought of not continuing to exist, or whether this represents a confusion. We usually think of time as a straight line, but could time go around in a circle? 1 How could that be imagined? Think of yourself as standing on an old-fashioned clock face at the position of 3 o ;clock. Then 12 o ;clock would be behind you, and yet it would also lie in front of you. You could think of 12 o ;clock as representing your birth. In that case, your birth would lie in two directions from you, both behind and in front. That would not mean that you had two births. There are not two 12 o ;clocks on the clock face. It is merely that your birth lies in two directions, in the past but also in the future.
Indonesia
Authors: Simpson Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Indonesia is a developing nation with a massive population of over 200 million people distributed across a wide, east-west archipelago of many thousands of islands. Having been formed as a territorial unit only under Dutch colonial rule in fairly recent times, and being made up of hundreds of different ethnic groups speaking well over 200 distinct languages, Indonesia faced the enormous challenge of building a stable and coherent nation when it won its independence from the Dutch shortly after the conclusion of the Second World War. A significant component of twentieth-century attempts to create an over-arching Indonesian national identity has been the development and promotion of a unifying national language which would simultaneously bind the population together and serve as an effective tool for use in all official domains and education, though not necessarily displace the use of other mother tongues in more informal areas of communication. The results of many decades of effort to achieve these goals are commonly acknowledged as having been highly successful, and have led to the knowledge and acceptance of ‘Indonesian’ as the national language becoming progressively more widespread in the country, creating new generations of speakers who employ the language regularly in all formal domains of life and as a means of inter-ethnic communication, while making use of a second, regional or minority language for other, informal occurrences of speech. This chapter considers how the national language Indonesian/Bahasa Indonesia came into being and has been developed as a shared, modern, sophisticated vehicle of communication and potential symbol of emerging Indonesian identity, increasingly functioning as an important link among the population through the range of challenges and threats to the stability and unity of the state occurring since independence in 1949.
The modal interpretation of algebraic quantum field theory
Authors: Clifton Rob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The modal interpretation is actually a family of interpretations sharing the feature that a system’s density operator constrains the possibilities for assigning definite values to its observables (Healey 1989, Dieks & Vermaas 1998). We start with a brief review of the basic idea behind these interpretations from an algebraic point of view (Zimba & Clifton 1998, Halvorson & Clifton 1999). Consider a ‘universe’ comprised of a quantum system U, with finitely many degrees of freedom, represented by a Hilbert space Hu = ®i Hi. At any given time, U will occupy a pure vector state x E Hu that determines a reduced density operator Ds on the Hilbert space Hi of any subsystem S U. Let B(Hs) de­
Generic Bell correlation between arbitrary local algebras in quantum field theory
Authors: Clifton Rob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are many senses in which the phenomenon of Bell correlation, originally discovered and investigated in the context of elementary nonrelativistic quantum mechanics (Bell 1987, Clauser et al. 1969), is ‘generic’ in quantum field theory models. For example, it has been shown that every pair of commuting nonabelian von Neumann algebras possesses some normal state with maximal Bell correlation (Summers 1990; see also Landau 1987b). Moreover, in most standard quantum field models, all normal states are maximally Bell correlated across spacelike separated tangent wedges
Entanglement and open systems in algebraic quantum field theory
Authors: Clifton Rob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
despite its conservative way of dealing with physical principles, algebraic QFT leads to a radical change of paradigm. Instead of the Newtonian view of a space­time filled with a material content one enters the reality of Leibniz created by relation (in particular inclusions) between ‘monads’ (~ the hyperfinite type III1 local van Neumann factors A( 0) which as single algebras are nearly void of physical meaning). The authors are extremely grateful to Paul Busch (for helpful discussions about operations), Jeremy Butterfield (for helping us to clarify our critique of Red­ head’s discussion of the operational implications of cyclicity), Reinhard Werner (for filling in for us the argument for Eqn (10)), Fred Kronz (for urging us to include the final two sentences of note 1), Michael Redhead (for reminding us of the facts cited in note 14), and an anonymous referee (for prompting our inclusion of note 4). R. K. C. also wishes to thank All Souls College, Oxford for support under a Visiting Fellowship.
No place for particles in relativistic quantum theories?
Authors: Clifton Rob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is a widespread belief, at least within the physics community, that there is no relativistic quantum theory of (localizable) particles; and, thus, that the only relativistic quantum theory is a theory of fields. This belief has received much support in recent years in the form of rigorous no­go theorems by Malament (1996) and Hegerfeldt (1998a,b). In particular, Hegerfeldt shows that in a generic quantum theory (relativistic or non­relativistic), if there are states with localized particles, and if there is a lower bound on the system’s energy, then superluminal spreading of the wavefunction must occur. Similarly, Malament shows the inconsistency of a few intuitive desiderata for a relativistic quantum mechanics of (localizable) par­
Reconsidering Bohr’s reply to EPR
Authors: Clifton Rob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The past few decades have seen tremendous growth in our under­ standing of interpretations of quantum mechanics. For example, a number of ‘no­go’ results have been obtained which show that some or other interpretation violates constraints that we would expect any plausible interpretation of quantum mechanics to satisfy. Thus, although there is no immediate hope of convergence of opinion on interpretive issues, we certainly have an increased understanding of the technical and conceptual issues at stake. Perhaps, then, we can make use of this increased technical awareness to shed some new light on the great old episodes in the conceptual development of quantum mechanics.
Mental Representation, Naturalism, and Teleosemantics
Authors: Godfrey-Smith Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The ‘teleosemantic’ program is part of the attempt to give a naturalistic explanation of the semantic properties of mental representations. The aim is to show how the internal states of a wholly physical agent could, as a matter of objective fact, represent the world beyond them. The most popular approach to solving this problem has been to use concepts of physical correlation with some kinship to those employed in information theory (Dretske 1981, 1988; Fodor 1987, 1990). Teleosemantics, which tries to solve the problem using a concept of biological function, arrived in the mid-1980s with ground-breaking works by Millikan (1984) and Papineau (1984, 1987).
After The Ascent: Plato On Becoming Like God
Authors: Armstrong John M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
SEVERAL Platonic dialogues indicate that humans should strive to become like god. Until recent work by Julia Annas and David Sedley, this had gone largely unnoticed in contemporary Plato scholarship. 1 In this article I explore the idea further by arguing that Plato’s later conception of god made a difference to how he conceived of becoming like god. In particular, I argue that Plato’s identification of god with vovsor intelligence in the Timaeus, Philebus, and Laws influences his conception of assimilation to god. Rather than fleeing from the sensible world, becoming like this god commits one to improving it. In the Laws especially fo1lowing god requires an effort to unify the city under intelligent 1aw and to educate the citizens
The Meaning Of Aristotelian Magnanimity
Authors: Pakaluk Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What Aristotle understands by megalopsuchia-usually rendered ‘magnanimity’-has, I believe, been largely misconstrued by the commentators; 1 I therefore wish to put forward what I regard as the correct view, through proposing a revisionist reading of the relevant passage in the Nicomachean Ethics (4. 3).
Egoism And Eudaimonia-M aximiz Tion In The Nicomachean Ethics
Authors: Wielenberg Erik J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Is Aristotle an egoist? One of the most extended and insightful discussions of this admittedly vague question occurs in the second chapter of Richard Kraut’s important book Aristotle on the Human Good.1 Kraut argues that Aristotle is not an egoist. I shall argue that Aristotle holds the following principle:
Antiphons, Sophist And Athenian
Authors: Woodruff Paul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One year has seen the arrival of two major books on Antiphon. Michael Gagarin’s monograph2 is a general interpretative study of the corpus in its intellectual and historical context, distilled from his long study of Athenian law and oratory. Gerard J. Pendrick’s book is a detailed commentary on testimonia and fragments of the Sophist, based on many years of massive scholarship, together with carefully edited texts and good readable translations from Greek and (in the case of one fragment) Arabic. Pendrick’s magisterial commentary reviews the history of scholarship on each fragment and testimonium with admirable precision and thoroughness; Gagarin’s study is a triumph of synthesis, bringing together seemingly disparate texts to show how they could be the work of one mind. Because the two books take different lines on Antiphon, they are not alternative but complementary studies. We need them both.
Lewisian Themes: The Philosophy of David K. Lewis Introduction
Authors: Jackson Frank , Priest Graham 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On October 14th, 2001, there occurred the sad and untimely death of David Kellogg Lewis. His death deprived the philosophical community of one of the outstanding philosophers of the 20th century. As many obituaries remarked, Lewis has an undeniable place in the history of analytical philosophy. His work defines much of the current agenda in metaphysics, philosophical logic, and the philosophy of mind and language. Although stationed at Princeton for most of his working life, Lewis had a close relationship with Australasia, and particularly Australia. He had a special fondness for the ‘Australian’ way of doing philosophy, dating from when he attended a graduate class at Harvard given by Jack Smart in 1963. From 1971 Lewis visited Australia nearly every year. Usually based in Melbourne, he travelled widely, and was well known in every Philosophy department in Australia and New Zealand. He attended almost every annual meeting of the Australasian Association of Philosophy, where he presented what were destined to be agenda-setting papers, and was assiduous in attending papers given by others and in contributing to discussion. He also played an important role in the social life of AAP conferences. He enjoyed socialising and talking philosophy in the bar in the evenings, and liked to join in-and sometimes lead-the singing of Australian bush songs. It seemed absolutely right to honour David’s memory by devoting an issue of the Australasian Association of Philosophy’s journal to his work. The present volume consists of the papers for that issue of the Australasian Journal of Philosophy(Vol. 82, March 2004) together with four additional papers and an expanded introduction.
Worldly Indeterminacy: A Rough Guide
Authors: Rosen Gideon , Smith Nicholas J J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper defends the idea that there might be vagueness or indeterminacy in the world itself-as opposed to merely in our representations of the world-against the charges of incoherence and unintelligibility. First we consider the idea that the world might contain vague propertiesand relations; we show that this idea is already implied by certain well-understood views concerning the semantics of vague predicates (most notably the fuzzy view). Next we consider the idea that the world might contain vague objects; we argue that an object is indeterminate in a certain respect (colour, size, etc.) just in case it is a borderline case of a maximally specific colour (size, etc.) property. Finally we consider the idea that the world as a wholemight be indeterminate; we argue that the world is indeterminate just in case it lacks a determinate division into determinate objects. There is a widespread suspicion that indeterminacy and vagueness can only be features of claims or representations, and hence that it makes no more sense to ask whether the world is indeterminate than it does to ask whether the world rhymes or whether it’s written in English. On this view, it is not a genuine possibility that the world itself-as opposed to our representations of it-might be unsettled or inchoate in some way: the world must be a fully determinate array of facts or things. &gt;Our aim in this paper is to make clear sense of the idea that the world itself might be vague or indeterminate in some respect. We shall not be arguing that the world isindeterminate. We shall not even be arguing that worldly indeterminacy is a genuine metaphysical possibility. Our aim is the more basic one of showing that contrary to the widespread suspicion just mentioned, the idea cannot be ruled out on grounds of incoherence or unintelligibility.
What‘s Wrong with McKinsey-Style Reasoning?
Authors: Pryor James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It‘s widely accepted nowadays that some of our thoughts are externalist. What does that mean? I understand a thought‘s content to be those of its representational aspects that one experiences as representational and are essential to its being that thought. And we can understand a thought to be externalist when subjects who are internally the same can differ with respect to whether they ‘re thinking the thought‘s content.1
Socrates Metaphysician
Authors: Prior William J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1991 Gregory Vlastos published Socrates: Ironist and Moral Philosopher.The thesis of this book was the claim that we can find in the early dialogues of Plato, when certain embarrassing passages have been excised, reinterpreted, or relegated to a ‘transitional’ period, the philosophy of the historical Socrates. Vlastos argued that there were two portraits of Socrates in Plato’s works, which he labelled ‘SocratesE’ and ‘SocratesM’, for the Socrates of the early and middle dialogues, respectively. These two Socrateses held antithetical views.
Prisoners And Puppeteers In The Cave
Authors: Wilberding James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Perhaps some justification is required for the appearance of yet another essay on Plato’s Allegory of the Cave. The question around which the majority of discussions of the Cave revolves is that of its parallelism to the Line. This question can be understood as having two parts: do both the Cave and the Line have four parts or stages, and if so, is there one-to-one correspondence between the parts of the Line and the stages of the Cave? At present, the orthodox interpretation answers each of these questions affirmatively.