bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Quality of Life and Speech Recognition Outcomes Following Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Dorismond Christina , Patro Ankita , Holder Jourdan T. , Perkins Elizabeth L. 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between Cochlear Implant Quality of Life-10 Global (CIQOL-10) scores and speech recognition scores 6 and 12 months after cochlear implantation (CI) and to compare CIQOL-10 scores for patients who met the benchmark speech recognition scores with those who did not.Study DesignRetrospective review.SettingTertiary referral center.PatientsOne hundred twenty-four adults who underwent CI between 2018 and 2021 and completed a CIQOL-10 questionnaire at their 6- and/or 12-month postoperative visit.Main Outcome Measure(s)CIQOL-10, Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) word, and AzBio in quiet and noise scores.ResultsAt 6 months, weak positive correlations were found between CIQOL-10 and CNC (n = 78,r= 0.234,p= 0.039) and AzBio in quiet (n = 73,r= 0.293,p= 0.012) scores but not AzBio in noise scores (n = 39,r= 0.207,p= 0.206). At 12 months, weak positive correlations were found between CIQOL-10 and CNC (n = 98,r= 0.315,p= 0.002), AzBio in quiet (n = 88,r= 0.271,p= 0.011), and AzBio in noise (n = 48,r= 0.291,p= 0.045) scores. Patients who met the benchmark CNC scores had notably higher CIQOL-10 scores than those who did not at 6 months (52.0 vs 45.5,p= 0.008) and 12 months (52.0 vs 45.5,p= 0.003). A similar relationship was found for those who met the benchmark AzBio in quiet scores at both 6 months (52.0 vs 44.0,p= 0.006) and 12 months (52.0 vs 46.5,p= 0.011).ConclusionCIQOL-10 scores have weak positive correlations with postoperative speech recognition outcomes at 6 and 12 months. This highlights the need for the continued use of quality-of-life measures, such as the CIQOL-10, in assessing CI outcomes to gain a more comprehensive understanding of patients' experiences.
Electrocautery ablation of high-grade anal intraepithelial lesions: A protocol for a clinical trial
Authors: Ando Naokatsu , Mizushima Daisuke , Kitamura Hiroshi , Shiojiri Daisuke , Nakamoto Takato , Takano Misao , Aoki Takahiro , Oka Shinichi , Gatanaga Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Anal cancer is predominantly caused by the human papillomavirus. The use of high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) for screening, followed by appropriate therapeutic interventions, is progressively being acknowledged as a standardized procedure to manage anal cancer. Commonly, lesions identified as potentially high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions undergo biopsy and receive treatment if classified as anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) grade 2 or 3. Numerous studies have underscored the substantial efficacy of electrocautery ablation in treating grade 2 or 3 AIN. However, relapse within and outside the targeted areas after intervention is a clinical problem. Postintervention recurrence within and beyond the initial targeted areas presents a significant clinical challenge. Most healthcare facilities in Japan do not offer electrocautery ablation. An initial pilot study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of electrocautery ablation. Consequently, we aimed to scrutinize the effectiveness and safety profile of electrocautery ablation procedures using a larger sample size.

Methods:
This single-arm, open-label intervention trial aims to examine the efficacy and safety associated with electrocautery ablative treatments by utilizing high-frequency medical instruments. The cohort will comprise patients diagnosed with grade 2 or 3 AIN who will then undergo ablative treatments. Subsequent follow-ups will be scheduled at intervals of 6, 12, 24, and 36 months posttreatment, incorporating HRA-guided sextant biopsies to monitor disease progression. To minimize the chances of overlooking the lesions before and after the treatment phase, systematic HRA-guided sextant biopsies will be performed. Within the scope of this study, a sextant biopsy necessitates a minimum of 6 biopsy procedures in various directions, irrespective of any abnormalities detected during HRA inspections. The principal objective of this study is to ascertain the 12-month recurrence rate, with secondary objectives focusing on monitoring adverse events and recurrence rates at the 6-, 24-, and 36-month time points.

Conclusion:
This study aims to provide substantial data concerning the effectiveness and safety parameters of electrocautery ablation as a viable alternative treatment for patients with grade 2 or 3 AIN.
Concordance of National Insurance Criteria with WPATH Standards of Care for Gender-Affirming Surgery
Authors: Diaddigo Sarah E. , LaValley Myles N. , Asadourian Paul A. , Feuer Grant B. , Warner Paige E. , Rohde Christine H. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Given that gender-affirming surgery (GAS) is considered medically necessary for transgender and gender-diverse individuals who desire it, the aim of this study was to assess the concordance of insurance criteria for GAS with the most recent World Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8.

Methods:
Insurance policies for coverage of gender-affirming genital surgery (“bottom surgery”), chest surgery (“top surgery”), and facial reconstruction from companies representing 80% of the market coverage in each state were evaluated. Policies were classified into 3 categories: no coverage, case by case, or preauthorization. Among preauthorization policies, criteria for coverage of specific procedures were analyzed for adherence to the Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8.

Results:
Bottom-surgery policies were most concordant for age and gender dysphoria criteria, and transmasculine top surgery policies were most concordant for hormone therapy, continuous living in a congruent gender role, and referral criteria. Transfeminine top surgery criteria were more restrictive than transmasculine criteria. The most discordant criteria were for hormone therapy, being required for at least 12 months before surgery in the majority of surveyed policies. Many specific procedures and treatments were excluded, especially facial GAS with cosmetic overlap. Reversal and revisionary procedures were covered by less than 25% of policies.

Conclusions:
Compared with previous literature, insurance coverage and criteria alignment are becoming more concordant with medical guidelines. However, significant barriers to care for GAS remain.
A Comparison of Endoscope-Assisted and Open Frontoorbital Distraction for the Treatment of Unicoronal Craniosynostosis
Authors: Wagner Connor S. , Pontell Matthew E. , Barrero Carlos E. , Salinero Lauren K. , Heuer Gregory G. , Swanson Jordan W. , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Frontoorbital distraction osteogenesis (FODO) is an established surgical technique for patients with unicoronal craniosynostosis. The authors’ institution has used an endoscope-assisted technique (endo-FODO) in recent years to decrease cutaneous scarring and lessen the impact on the functional growth matrix. This study compared perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing endo-FODO to those in patients undergoing the traditional coronal approach.

Methods:
Patients with unicoronal craniosynostosis undergoing FODO from 2013 to 2023 were included, and grouped by whether they underwent endo-FODO or a traditional coronal incision. Operative time, estimated blood loss, transfusion volume, and length of hospitalization were compared. Cutaneous scarring at 1 year postoperatively was assessed with the Scar Cosmesis Assessment and Rating (SCAR) scale.

Results:
A total of 27 patients (18 traditional and 9 endoscope-assisted) with an average age of 5.6 months (interquartile range [IQR], 5.1 to 6.3 months) at surgery were included, with no difference between groups (P = 0.999). Operative time was 114 minutes (IQR, 92 to 122 minutes) for traditional FODO and 104 minutes (IQR, 95 to 112 minutes) for endo-FODO (P = 0.607). Time under anesthesia was shorter for endo-FODO (traditional, 243 minutes [IQR, 218 to 264 minutes]; endo-FODO, 210 minutes [IQR, 191 to 224 minutes]; P = 0.029). Transfusion volume was 12.2 mL/kg lower for endo-FODO compared with traditional FODO (P = 0.001). Length of stay was similar between groups (P = 0.678). SCAR ratings were 1.83 (IQR, 1.1 to 4.47) in traditional FODO compared with 1.00 (IQR, 0.58 to 1.67) in the endo-FODO (P = 0.036).

Conclusions:
Endo-FODO was associated with reduced time under anesthesia, reduced transfusion requirements, and improved SCAR scores, with no change in duration of surgery, perioperative complications, or length of stay. Future work will compare functional and aesthetic outcomes between techniques.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Does an alternative breast support garment provide symptomatic relief for larger breasted women with chronic non-specific back pain?
Authors: Haworth Lauren , May Karen , Janssen Jessie , Selfe James , Chohan Ambreen 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Nonsurgical guidelines recommend implementing a correctly fitted bra when managing back pain among larger breasted women. Achieving this is challenging with current bra solutions, sizing principles, and fitting approaches. Persistent wearing of an ill-fitting bra can cause negative health implications, including non-specific back pain.

Objectives:
This study investigated immediate and short-term biomechanical and pain responses to changing breast support garment among larger breasted women with non-specific back pain.

Methods:
Participants (n = 24) performed a standing task, drop jumps, and seated typing tasks while bra and spinal kinematic data were recorded. Five breast support conditions were assessed: participants’ usual bra (control), a professionally fitted bra in the immediate term (standard) and after 4 weeks wear (standard28), and a bra with an alternative design, measurement, and fitting approach in both the immediate term (alternative) and after 4 weeks wear (alternative28). A bra fit assessment and clinical pain/disability questionnaires were included.

Results:
All participants failed the bra fit assessment in the control bra, compared with 87.5% (n = 21) in the standard and 4.2% (n = 1) in the alternative bras. The standard28 and alternative28 bras provided symptomatic relief, with the alternative28 bra improving a greater number of outcome measures. Reduced nipple-sternal-notch distance was observed only in the alternative28 bra condition.

Conclusions:
Symptomatic relief may be associated with the resting position of the breast tissue on the anterior chest wall. The alternative bra may provide potential clinical benefit if implemented as part of a nonsurgical or conservative pain management strategy. Alternative breast support garments should be considered to provide solutions to the problems associated with traditional bras.
68Ga-LNC-1007 PET/CT Imaging in a Patient With Renal Cell Carcinoma Compared With 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT
Authors: Lin Rong , Wang Chao , Xu Fuqi , Zang Jie , Miao Weibing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A 57-year-old man was incidentally found with 3 lesions located in bilateral kidneys, which were finally diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by postoperative pathology. 68Ga-LNC-1007, also denoted as 68Ga-FAPI-RGD, was synthesized from fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-02 (FAPI-02) and cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD), which could target both FAP and integrin αvβ3. RCC lesions demonstrated only slight 68Ga-PSMA uptake, but intense tracer uptake on 68Ga-LNC-1007 PET/CT. This case demonstrates the potential value of 68Ga-LNC-1007 PET/CT for the evaluation of RCC.
18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in a Case of Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome
Authors: Dong Aisheng , Zhao Bo , Wang Linhui , Cheng Chao , Zuo Changjing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We describe 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT findings in case of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome with a cerebellar hemangioblastoma, 6 renal cell carcinomas in the bilateral kidneys, cystic lesions in the pancreas and left adrenal gland, and solid lesions in the bilateral epididymides. 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT showed intense activity with SUVmax of 111.3 of the cerebellar hemangioblastoma, variable activity with SUVmax range of 6.4–37.6 of the renal cell carcinomas, and increased activity of the bilateral epididymal lesions (SUVmax of 5.1 and 8.2 for the left and right epididymal lesions, respectively).
Coexistence of FDG-Avid and FDG-Negative Aneurysms in a Patient With Fever of Unknown Origin
Authors: Lv Yuhu , Shao Fuqiang , Jia Qing , Lan Xiaoli , Qin Chunxia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A 68-year-old man with intermittent fever of unknown origin for 5 months underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT to detect causative lesion. An 18F-FDG–avid lesion was revealed in the left pelvic iliac vessel region and was highly suggestive of malignancy. One and a half months later, a giant left internal iliac artery aneurysm was identified by CT angiography, corresponding to the 18F-FDG–avid lesion. Combined with elevated inflammatory markers, he was finally diagnosed as having inflammatory internal iliac artery aneurysm. An abdominal aortic aneurysm with low 18F-FDG uptake was also identified.
68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT of Metastatic Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma of Parotid Gland
Authors: Low Han Chung , Loke Kelvin Siu Hoong , Wang Fu Qiang , Han Shuting , Nei Wen Long 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present a case of a 59-year-old woman with lymphoepithelial carcinoma of left parotid gland. She was treated with radical radiotherapy, but her plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA load continued to increase despite good locoregional response. As her primary tumor was positive for somatostatin receptor type 2, we performed 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, which revealed multiple DOTATATE-avid distant metastases.
A Unique Case of Familial Expansile Osteolysis
Authors: Pitot Marika A. , Broski Stephen M. , Baffour Francis , Powell Garret M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Familial expansile osteolysis is an exceedingly rare autosomal dominant bone dysplasia, which can have overlapping features with Paget disease and expansile skeletal hyperphosphatasia. We present a novel case of familial expansile osteolysis evaluated on 99mTc-MDP bone scan with correlative radiographs and CT.
FDG PET/CT Findings of Renal Cell Carcinoma Arising From a Transplanted Kidney in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Fleury Anilawan S. , Zhuang Hongming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A 12-year-old girl presented with a history of kidney transplant complicated by posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. A solid mass was found in the lower pole of the transplanted kidney, concerning for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. However, biopsy confirmed papillary renal cell carcinoma. FDG PET/CT showed increased activity in the known renal cell carcinoma in the renal allograft.
18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT in the Detection of Hyperfunctioning Transplanted Parathyroid Tissue
Authors: Garrou Federico , Rizzo Alessio , Rosso Daniela , Bondi Stefano , Racca Manuela 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A 54-year-old woman diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 and primary hyperparathyroidism underwent total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation of parathyroid tissue fragments in the right forearm in 1999. Since several years later, follow-up laboratory examinations showed the relapse of hypercalcemia; the patient started cinacalcet therapy. To exclude the presence of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in ortotopic or ectopic sites, a PET/CT scan with 18F-fluorocholine was performed. The PET/CT scan excluded the presence of ortotopic and ectopic parathyroid glands but showed a hyperplastic parathyroid fragment in the right forearm, responsible for the patient’s persistent hypercalcemia.
Protein Phosphatase 2A Activation Promotes Heart Transplant Acceptance in Mice
Authors: Zhou Xianming , Xu Qian , Li Wangzi , Dong Nianguo , Stomberski Colin , Narla Goutham , Lin Zhiyong 
Published: October 2023

Background.
Although heart transplantation is the definitive treatment for heart failure in eligible patients, both acute and chronic transplant rejection frequently occur. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity is critical in maintaining tissue and organ homeostasis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of a novel class of small molecule activators of PP2A (SMAPs) on allograft rejection in a mouse heterotopic heart transplantation model.

Methods.
Recipient mice were administered with DT-061 (a pharmaceutically optimized SMAP) or vehicle by oral gavage beginning 1 d after transplantation. Histological and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to examine allograft rejection. Regulatory T cells (Treg) from recipient spleens were subjected to flow cytometry and RNA sequencing analysis. Finally, the effect of DT-061 on smooth muscle cells (SMCs) migration and proliferation was assessed.

Results.
DT-061 treatment prolonged cardiac allograft survival. SMAPs effectively suppressed the inflammatory immune response while increasing Treg population in the allografts, findings corroborated by functional analysis of RNA sequencing data derived from Treg of treated splenic tissues. Importantly, SMAPs extended immunosuppressive agent cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen-4-Ig–induced cardiac transplantation tolerance and allograft survival. SMAPs also strongly mitigated cardiac allograft vasculopathy as evidenced by a marked reduction of neointimal hyperplasia and SMC proliferation. Finally, our in vitro studies implicate suppression of MEK/ERK pathways as a unifying mechanism for the effect of PP2A modulation in Treg and SMCs.

Conclusions.
PP2A activation prevents cardiac rejection and prolongs allograft survival in a murine model. Our findings highlight the potential of PP2A activation in improving alloengraftment in heart transplantation.
An Examination of the Relationship Between Exposure to Bisphenol A and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Baykal Saliha , Nalbantoğlu Ayşin 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
Exposure to environmental toxic agents in the prenatal and/or postnatal periods may play in the acquired development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in groups with genetic risks. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used industrial chemical with neurotoxic effects. This study examined the relationship between exposure to BPA and clinical ADHD.

Methods
This cross-sectional, case-controlled clinical study compared 45 drug-naive children and adolescents with ADHD and 30 healthy controls in terms of serum BPA levels. Psychiatric comorbidities in the ADHD group were determined using the “Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school-aged children, lifetime version.” The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was also administered to all participants.

Results
Serum BPA levels were significantly higher in the ADHD group than in the healthy control group. In addition, significant, weak positive correlation was found between BPA levels and CBCL attention and CBCL total problem scores.

Conclusions
Our results show that BPA may be an environmental toxic agent with a potential role in the etiology of ADHD and particularly attention deficiency. Preventive interventions can be developed if this can be confirmed with longitudinal studies and repeated measurements.
Enhancing Mental Well-being: Efficacy and Neural Mechanisms of Leyi Training in Emotional and Cognitive Intervention
Authors: Jia Xiaofei , Li Rui , Zhou Changle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLeyi mental training comprises physical and mental cultivation methods, such as relaxation, breathing, meditation, koan, and cognitive regulation, with the ultimate goal of achieving enlightenment. Over a decade of practical experience has demonstrated its potential to enhance individuals’ mental well-being. In our study, we employed EEG and psychological scales to investigate the efficacy of Leyi training in emotional and cognitive intervention, as well as its underlying neural mechanisms. The results revealed significant improvements in both emotion and cognition following the intervention. We propose that the effectiveness of Leyi training in emotional regulation may stem from the heightened sensitivity to present experiences and the robust cognitive control ability cultivated through the practice, which enables practitioners to allocate equal, non-reactive attention to all stimuli, regardless of their emotional valence. Moreover, this training facilitates more effective allocation of cognitive resources to deal with current tasks, thus improving cognitive abilities.
Monitoring Resilience in Bursts
Authors: Delecroix Clara , van Nes Egbert H , Scheffer Marten , van de Leemput Ingrid A 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe possibility to anticipate critical transitions through detecting loss of resilience has attracted attention in a variety of fields. Resilience indicators rely on the mathematical concept of critical slowing down, which means that a system recovers increasingly slowly from external perturbations when approaching a tipping point. This decrease in recovery rate can be reflected in rising autocorrelation and variance in data. To test whether resilience is changing, resilience indicators are often calculated using a moving window in long, continuous time series of the system. However, for some systems it may be more feasible to collect several high-resolution time series in short periods of time, i.e. in bursts. Resilience indicators can then be calculated to detect a change of resilience in a system between such bursts. Here, we compare the performance of both methods using simulated data, and showcase possible use of bursts in a case-study using mood data to anticipate depression in a patient. Using the same number of data points, the burst approach outperformed the moving window method, suggesting that it is possible to down-sample the continuous time series and still signal of an upcoming transition. We suggest guidelines to design an optimal sampling strategy. Our results imply that using bursts of data instead of continuous time series may improve the capacity to detect changes in systems’ resilience. This method is promising for a variety of fields, such as human health, epidemiology, or ecology, where continuous monitoring is costly or unfeasible.Significance statementGauging the risk of tipping points is of great relevance in complex systems ranging from health to climate, and ecosystems. For this purpose, dynamical indicators of resilience are being derived from long continuous time series to monitor the system and obtain early warning signals. However, gathering such data is often prohibitively expensive or practically unfeasible. Here we show that collecting data in brief, intense bursts may often solve the problem, making it possible to estimate change in resilience between the bursts withrelatively high precision. This may be particularly useful for monitoring resilience of humans or animals, where brief time series of blood pressure, balance, mood or other relevant markers may be collected relatively easily to help estimating systemic resilience.