bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Application of Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Oral Targeted Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Meertens Marinda , Kerssemakers Nikki , de Vries Niels , Rosing Hilde , Steeghs Neeltje , Beijnen Jos H. , Huitema Alwin D. R. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring optimizes oral anticancer drug treatment by measuring plasma levels. Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) allows home sampling with a minimal blood sample. However, methods for converting whole blood into plasma are required to interpret these results. This study aimed to establish conversion methods for abiraterone, alectinib, cabozantinib, imatinib, olaparib, sunitinib, and their metabolites, while assessing the differences between venous and capillary blood. The feasibility of home sampling was also evaluated.

Methods:
Plasma and VAMS samples, both from venipuncture-collected whole blood tubes and from a finger prick, were collected from each patient. The VAMS samples were deemed comparable if their concentrations were within ±20% of each other for ≥2/3rd of the patients. The Passing–Bablok regression and conversion factor methods were tested for the plasma and VAMS finger prick samples. The estimated plasma concentrations using both methods were required to be within ±20% of the measured plasma concentrations for ≥2/3rd of the pairs.

Results:
Overall, 153 patients were enrolled in this study. Conversion methods were applied to the VAMS samples, and the acceptance criteria were met for alectinib-M4, cabozantinib, imatinib, N-desmethyl imatinib, olaparib, sunitinib, and N-desethyl sunitinib but not for abiraterone, D4A, or alectinib. The capillary and venous VAMS concentrations were similar, except for that of D4A. Patients were positive toward home sampling.

Conclusions:
The established VAMS conversion methods for 7 out of 10 oral targeted anticancer drugs or metabolites met the acceptance criteria. Future studies need to validate the conversion methods with an independent cohort and integrate home sampling via VAMS to provide patients with an alternative to venipuncture at the outpatient clinic.
Breast cancer patients' experience of menopause care in the UK: thematic analysis of free-text comments
Authors: Glynne Sarah , Seymour Kathy , Reisel Daniel , Kamal Aini , Newson Louise 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore women's experience of menopause care after breast cancer in the UK.

Methods
This study is a thematic analysis of free-text comments in an online survey that asked women about their experience of menopause care after breast cancer. A coding framework was used that mapped comments to eight domains of patient experience (deductive analysis). An inductive approach was used to identify subthemes within each of the eight domains.

Results
A total of 1,195 women completed the survey. Two hundred twenty-six women (18.9%) left free-text comments in response to questions about shared decision making and patient experience. Most were White (96.9%), university educated (52.6%), and aged 41 to 60 years at breast cancer diagnosis (81.8%). The menopausal symptom burden was high (96.5%, 87.6%, and 75.7% reported physical, psychological, and genitourinary symptoms, respectively). Lack of involvement in shared decision making was the dominant theme (n = 120, 53%), followed by issues concerning access to menopause care (n = 65, 29%). Lack of information, communication issues, and feeling unsupported were prevalent themes/subthemes. Twenty women (9%) reported a lack of courtesy and respect in their interactions with healthcare professionals.

Conclusions
In this study, women's experience of menopause-related breast cancer aftercare was poor. Larger studies are needed to qualitatively explore the experience, unmet needs, and expectations of all breast cancer survivors including women from more deprived and ethnic minority groups.
Ronald Dubner: pioneer in pain research, founding member of the International Association for the Study of Pain, and Former Editor-in-Chief of PAIN
Authors: Sessle Barry J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ronald Dubner (1934-2023) was a “giant” in the field of pain. His more than 5 decades of research programs at the US National Institutes of Health and the University of Maryland resulted in important discoveries that considerably advanced our understanding of the neural and nonneural processes underlying acute and chronic pain and their behavioral and clinical correlates. Through his multidisciplinary and translational research approaches, his novel findings as well as his training as a dentist and neuroscientist, Ron was able to bring to the attention of the pain field the clinical implications of these findings and thereby positively influence the clinical management of pain. Also especially notable were his mentorship of numerous pain scientists and clinicians, many of whom went on to develop their own research programs that significantly benefitted the pain field. Ron also played leadership roles in the International Association for the Study of Pain and other scientific organizations, and his editorial positions for the Pain journal significantly and positively influenced the journal's stature and its impact on the pain field. This article, which is part of the journal's series this year that is celebrating its 50th anniversary, highlights Ron's research and related activities during his years at the National Institutes of Health and University of Maryland and includes comments that Ron himself made about these activities. The article also considers his background and personal attributes that underpinned the many contributions that Ron Dubner made to the pain field, including those to the International Association for the Study of Pain and Pain.
Using Xiang Thinking to Unravel the Mystery of the Five Phases in Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: LIU Qian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
From the perspective of Xiang thinking (象思维 imagery thinking), the application of Wu Xing (五行 the five elements) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides a reasonable cognitive model. Wu Xing with the earth in the center (中土五行) help TCM establish extensive connections between the human body and the universe, while Wu Xing in the generating and conquering cycles (生克五行) incorporates everything into a systematic thinking framework through complex dialectical relationships, becoming an ideal cognitive tool for TCM diagnosis and treatment. In essence, Wu Xing represents an upgrade of yin-yang dialectical thinking into a two-dimensional Xiang thinking diagram, possessing powerful explanatory capabilities. When faced with complex life systems, Wu Xing provide TCM with a theoretical framework, and TCM, in turn, offers a practical application for Wu Xing.
Small bowel vasculitis? what a gastroenterologist should know - from diagnosis to management
Authors: Gonçalves João Carlos , Rosa Bruno , Cotter José 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review
This article provides gastroenterologists with an overview of small bowel involvement in systemic vasculitis. Though various vasculitides can impact the small bowel, we highlight those with a more frequent and clinically significant GI involvement.

Recent findings
Recent advances, including increased accessibility to cross-sectional imaging, capsule endoscopy and device-assisted enteroscopy, have improved detection of gastrointestinal manifestations in systemic vasculitis. Studies have also explored the genetic and inflammatory pathways involved in these diseases, although high-quality evidence on diagnosis and treatment remains limited, leading to reliance on expert consensus.

Summary
Small bowel involvement is common in Behçet's disease and small vessel vasculitis, presenting with symptoms ranging from mild to severe, including massive bleeding, ischemia, and perforation, often indicating a poorer prognosis. Diagnosis is challenging, but in patients with a known or suspected history of vasculitis, it should prompt contrast-enhanced abdominal imaging and endoscopic evaluation. Treatment decisions should be made collaboratively by a multidisciplinary team, with immunosuppressive therapy remaining the cornerstone.
Application of Three-Dimensional Printing in Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Care
Authors: Ahmad Suzan , Dreisbach Caitlin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Thre e-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging technology that expanded quickly into a diverse array of clinical applications over the last decade. 3D printing, often called additive manufacturing, uses specialized printers to create objects through the addition of materials layer-by-layer. Using computer-aided design software via a 3D scanner or a digital camera, objects can be printed to highly precise and specific dimensions. This technology, including both the hardware and software, has applications in surgical procedures, dental implants and crowns, pharmaceuticals, and biomedical products. With the enormous potential of using 3D printing in multiple health care sectors, there is still limited usage for this technology in maternal and child health nursing practice. We provide an overview of 3D printing technology, review the current health care applications, and explore the opportunities and challenges of 3D printing in maternal and child nursing.
Indirect Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Well-Child Visits in Low-Income Children in Oklahoma
Authors: Beetch Jessica , Janitz Amanda , Beebe Laura A. , Xu Chao , Gowin Mary , Kuhn Katrin Gaardbo 
Published: February 2025

Context:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, well-child visits were widely delayed or missed. Delays in routine care are more likely for low-income individuals and families who already face barriers to attending visits. Studies in the literature indicate declines in well-child visits during the pandemic but few have focused on low-income children and none have examined children in Oklahoma.

Objective:
To evaluate changes in well-child visit attendance during the COVID-19 pandemic in low-income children residing in Oklahoma.

Design and Setting:
This retrospective cohort study used data from the Oklahoma Health Care Authority before COVID-19 emergence (March 1, 2017-July 31, 2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 1, 2020-July 31, 2022).

Participants:
We studied children under 1 year of age attending well-child visits.

Main Outcome Measures:
We calculated percentage change in the total number of well-child visits before and during the pandemic, including different phases and months during the pandemic. Log-binomial regression was performed with unique children who attended 6 or more well-child visits or less than 6 well-child visits before COVID-19 emergence or during the pandemic.

Results:
We analyzed 194 126 children under 1 year of age attending 778 483 well-child visits. There was a 10.43% decrease in the total number of well-child visits during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before it began, with a 5.18% decrease during the initial impact phase, 5.99% decrease during the initial recovery phase, 1.14% decrease during Delta variant predominance, and 13.79% decrease during Omicron variant predominance. Besides American Indian children, all other races were less likely to attend 6 or more well-child visits during the pandemic compared to before it began.

Conclusion:
We observed declines in well-child visits during the COVID-19 pandemic with evident racial disparities. Catch-up efforts are essential to return to pre-pandemic levels of well-child visit attendance.
Disseminating for Equity and Justice: Findings From the LIGHT Global Crowdsourcing Open Contest to Reimagine Public Health
Authors: Engelhart Alexis , Nwaozuru Ucheoma Catherine , Takenaka Bryce P , Herrera Christian , Patrick Tochukwu , Adeoti Ebenezer , Anikamadu Onyekachukwu , Okafor Chidi , Obiezu-Umeh Chisom , Kokelu Ekenechukwu , Dillman Carmen , Olusanya Morenike , Kipp Bianca , Murphy Patrick , Monks Sheryl , Petaway Madison , Ansarizadeh Kokeb , Mason Stacey , Pavlick Mary Claire , Makanjuola Nnenna Kalu , Ojo Temitope , Thurston Idia , Iwelunmor Juliet 
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
To describe how crowdsourcing contests soliciting art, letters, stories, and poetry were focused on promoting well-being and health information dissemination from the public to the public.

Design:
LIGHT (Leaders Igniting Generational Healing and Transformation) launched three online crowdsourcing open calls that were designed using the World Health Organization Tropical Diseases Research (WHO/TDR) practical guide on crowdsourcing in health and health research, which includes the following steps: convening a steering committee, promoting the open call, receiving and judging entries, recognizing finalists, and sharing solutions.

Setting:
The crowdsourcing open calls were held online via the Submittable platform.

Participants:
A total of 508 submissions by the public were evaluated with the majority of authors and artists identified as female (25.4%) followed by male (15.4%) and ages ranging from 11 to 82 years old.

Intervention:
This study utilized crowdsourcing open call contests to engage the public in generating art, letters, stories, and poetry as strategies to effectively promote well-being and disseminate health information to the public.

Main Outcome Measured:
Effectiveness and creativity of the crowdsourced submissions in proposing new strategies for promoting well-being and disseminating health information through art, letters, stories, and poetry.

Results:
The three crowdsourcing open calls received 508 eligible entries (Open call 1 = 155; Open call 2 = 191; Open call 3 = 162). Informed by the combined and modified design justice principles creativity, connections, and community, six unique dissemination strategies emerged for dissemination: (a) positive intersectionality, (b) destigmatization, (c) strength-based, (d) collective approach, (e) cultural identity, and (f) unity in healing. Collectively, there was consensus to innovate dissemination strategies to enhance the appeal of research findings and health communication.

Conclusions:
Rebuilding and building public-driven dissemination strategies will involve reimagining and innovating current dissemination approaches. LIGHT shows the feasibility of engaging a diverse broad audience to generate ideas and perspectives on promoting health information dissemination to the public.
Clinical Outcome Features of Non-HIV Kaposi's Sarcoma and the Role of Wide Excision on Survival
Authors: Hsu Chia-Kai , Hsu Fang-Yu , Chen Hung-Chi , Chang Chang-Cheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This single-center retrospective study enrolled 22 patients, who were divided into two groups: those who underwent wide excision (group A) and those who did not (group B). Group A included 13 patients, and group B included 9. Most of the cases fell into early stages (I and II). In group A, six patients solely underwent wide excision, whereas seven received additional treatments such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Conversely, in group B, four patients received chemotherapy, four received radiotherapy, and one was managed through observation alone. The mean follow-up times were 60.15 and 43.44 months in groups A and B, respectively, with no significant difference observed. In group A, nine patients died, whereas, in group B, six died during the follow-up period. Lesion-free intervals after surgery were observed predominantly in group A, whereas, in group B, seven patients never experienced freedom from skin lesions. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis demonstrated a significant difference between the survival curves of the two groups (P = 0.046). Group A exhibited a more favorable outcome in the survival curve analysis. This significant difference could be attributed to the higher survival rates observed in group A during the first 5 years of follow-up. This finding underscores the potential benefit of surgical intervention in the management of non-HIV Kaposi's sarcoma, particularly in the short- to medium-term survival outcomes. Among patients with non-HIV Kaposi's sarcoma, especially those in the early stages, wide excision appears to play a role in treatment.
Enhancing AI Diagnosis of Congenital Auricular Deformities With Multicenter Data Sets
Authors: Li Hantao , Zhou Xueqing , Qi Xiangdong 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
The study aimed to address the challenges of early diagnosis of congenital auricular deformities in children by leveraging artificial intelligence (AI), particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Despite AI’s potential for improving diagnostic precision, its clinical use has been constrained by the limitations of small, nonrepresentative data sets. This research sought to enhance AI model generalization through the creation of a more diverse, multicenter data set.

Methods:
To achieve this goal, the study merged the BabyEar4k public data set with additional images from various centers to create a more comprehensive and varied data set. This data set was used to train and fine-tune CNN models. Performance evaluation was based on established metrics, such as accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, to assess the models’ ability to identify auricular deformities.

Results:
The fine-tuned CNN models demonstrated strong performance, achieving high scores across various metrics. The integration of data from multiple sources improved the model’s generalizability, highlighting the significance of a multicenter approach for AI development in clinical settings.

Conclusions:
This study emphasizes the importance of diverse, large-scale data sets in enhancing the performance of AI models for clinical applications. The success of the CNN models in diagnosing ear deformities underscores the potential of AI to revolutionize early diagnosis when backed by comprehensive data sets and standardized diagnostic criteria.
Cephalometric Comparison of Transgender Women Following Facial Feminization Surgery to Assigned Female at Birth Subjects
Authors: Rancu Albert L. , Flores-Pérez Paula , Kong Victoria , Vassallo Melanie A. , Allam Omar , Mukherjee Thayer , Alperovich Michael 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
Facial feminization surgery (FFS) consists of a set of procedures utilized in gender-affirming care. With the goal of transforming masculine craniofacial features to more anthropomorphically feminine ones, these procedures are performed to increase congruence between the patient physical appearance and self-identified gender. However, the literature characterizing the femininity of FFS postoperative results is limited. The present study addresses the discrepancy through a three-dimensional cephalometric comparison.

Methods:
Patients who underwent frontal sinus setback, suprabrow contouring, genioplasty, and gonial angle reduction and received postoperative computed tomography imaging were identified. Craniofacial landmarks were placed to define regions of interest for cephalometric measurements including volume, surface area, and region-specific parameters. A set of control measurements was calculated for comparison from a cohort of 5 assigned female at birth (AFAB) subjects. Similarity of postoperative and AFAB measurements was calculated and compared for forehead, chin, and gonial angle procedures using analysis of variance and pairwise t test analysis.

Results:
Analysis of 80 FFS patients revealed that genioplasty had a significantly higher AFAB similarity score for surface area measurements than forehead procedures (P < 0.05). Genioplasty volume was significantly more similar to the AFAB parameter than the gonial angle reduction volume (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The present study, to our knowledge, is the most comprehensive and quantitative comparison of FFS postoperative results to AFAB subjects. Genioplasty had greater AFAB similarity than forehead and gonial angle reduction. Incongruencies between FFS and AFAB controls offer lessons for gender-affirming surgeons.
Facial Determinants of Artificial Intelligence–Perceived Gender and Age Following Facial Feminization Surgery
Authors: Vassallo Melanie , Ihnat Jacqueline M. , Flores-Pérez Paula , Rancu Albert L. , Allam Omar , Alperovich Michael 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
Success of facial feminization surgery (FFS) has been measured by the ability to pass as female when assessed both by human and artificially intelligent evaluators. Previous studies have also attempted to elucidate the contribution of each facial third to overall femininity and youthfulness. In this study, artificial intelligence facial recognition software was used to objectively quantify the effects of FFS on perceived age and gender by facial third.

Methods:
Frontal preoperative and postoperative images of 31 transgender women undergoing FFS were digitally combined to create photos with postoperative changes in the upper, middle, or lower third only. Amazon's artificial intelligence, Rekognition, was used to determine gender typing, femininity, and age scores, which were analyzed by a facial third.

Results:
Mean preoperative femininity score was 47.7%, which improved postoperatively to 56.4%, 48.1%, and 62.1% for the upper, middle, and lower thirds of the face, respectively (P = 0.019, P = 0.91, P = 0.0025). The younger cohorts (20–30 y, 31–40 y) demonstrated a significant improvement in femininity scores for the lower third of the face (P = 0.036, P = 0.025), whereas the oldest cohort’s (41+ y) significant improvement in femininity was in the upper third of the face (P = 0.026). Artificial intelligence–perceived postoperative age was significantly younger than the patient’s true age, with mean relative reductions of 2.45, 1.94, and 2.26 years for the upper, middle, and lower thirds of the face (P = 0.0096, P = 0.027, P = 0.016).

Conclusions:
The younger cohort experienced the greatest increase in femininity in the lower third whereas older cohort had the most improvement in the upper third. The upper, middle and lower third all contributed to a significantly younger perceived age.
Frail participants in randomized controlled trials of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Ntaidou Theodora K. , Giannakoulis Vassilis G. , Papoutsi Eleni , Vavouraki Eleni A. , Theodorou Evangelia , Papathanakos Georgios , Dimopoulou Ioanna , Routsi Christina , Kotanidou Anastasia , Siempos Ilias I. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Observational studies showed that frailty is common in the intensive care unit and associated with poor outcomes. However, relevant data from interventional trials are scarce and it is unknown whether outcomes improved over time. We endeavoured to estimate temporal trends of representation and outcomes of frail participants in randomized controlled trials of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods
We performed a secondary analysis of five ARDS Network and PETAL Network trials published between 2006 and 2019. Based on requirement for everyday assistance prior to hospitalization, we categorized participants into frail versus non-frail.

Results
Out of 3630 participants with ARDS, 701 (19.3%) were frail. Representation of frail participants increased over time (p = 0.001), while mortality remained stable (p = 0.403) and as high as 39.4%. 60.6% of frail participants were younger than 65 years old. Frailty was independently associated with 90-day mortality (odds ratio 1.62, 95% confidence interval 1.34-1.96, p < 0.001). Frail had fewer ventilator-free days and were more likely to have subsequent disability than non-frail participants.

Conclusion
In trials of ARDS, representation of frail participants increased, while their mortality did not improve over time. The ever-increasing vulnerable group of frail participants should be taken into consideration in the design of trials.