bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verification of the increase in concomitant dysplasia and cancer with the size of sessile serrated lesions
Authors: Ohki Daisuke , Tsuji Yosuke , Hisada Hiroyuki , Nakagawa Hideki , Mizutani Satoru , Oshio Kaori , Sato Junichi , Kubota Dai , Cho Rina , Miura Yuko , Mizutani Hiroya , Sakaguchi Yoshiki , Takahashi Yu , Yakabi Seiichi , Kakushima Naomi , Yamamichi Nobutake , Ushiku Tetsuo , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sessile serrated lesion (SSL) size and the comorbidity rate of SSL with dysplasia (SSLD) and cancer in SSL (SSL-cancer).
Patients and methods This retrospective, single-center analysis identified SSL cases that underwent endoscopic resection between January 2015 and December 2022. The prevalence of SSL, SSLD, and SSL-cancer and their annual trends were assessed. The tumor diameter was stratified as 0 to 5 mm, 6 to 9 mm, 10 to 19 mm, and ≥ 20 mm in size. Furthermore, the frequency of SSL-D/SSL-cancer was determined in each group.
Results The prevalence of SSL was 2.9% (1328/45799). This prevalence was 1.8% (112/6192) in 2015 and 4.2% (230/5500) in 2022, indicating an increasing trend over time. A total of 1825 lesions were assessed: 1751 (96.0%), 55 (3.0%), 14 (0.8%), and 5 (0.3%) of lesions were SSL, SSL with low-grade dysplasia, SSL with high-grade dysplasia and SSL-cancer, respectively. Stratifying the SSLs by size: 0 to 5 mm, 5 to 9 mm, 10 to 19 mm, and ≥ 20 mm, SSLD and SSL-cancer rates were 2.3% (10/429), 2.4% (16/674), 5.3% (31/584), and 11.8% (16/136), respectively. SSLD and SSL-cancer were observed in 2.4% (26/1103) of small SSLs < 10 mm.
Conclusions In cases of SSL, the rate of SSLD and SSL-cancer increased as the lesion diameter increased. A certain rate of SSLD and SSL-cancer was observed even in small SSLs less than 5mm.
Healing of Humeral Intracondylar Fissure Following Distal Ulnar Ostectomy to Treat Concurrent Elbow Joint Incongruity in a Dog
Authors: Alvarez Rodrigo , Motta Claudio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA 22-week-old female Labrador retriever presented with intermittent bilateral forelimb lameness. Computed tomography (CT) study interpretation revealed bilateral humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF) surrounded by sclerotic epiphyseal bone. Other changes included bilateral distal ulna retained cartilage core, secondary negative radioulnar incongruity (RUI), and medial coronoid process disease. The patient underwent bilateral dynamic distal ulnar ostectomies (DUO) in an attempt to address the elbow incongruity. Follow-up CT studies were performed at 2, 4, and 10 months postoperatively, which showed a bilateral improvement of elbow congruence and complete healing of HIF on the left side. The degree of congruence correction in the right elbow was possibly suboptimal, and following an initial improvement, a transcondylar screw was placed due to HIF progression.
Noun classifiers in Hong Kong Sign Language
Authors: Koenders Emily 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
As most other sign languages, Hong Kong Sign Language (HKSL) makes use of verbal classifiers for the purpose of spatial predication. However, a thorough study of the Asian SignBank shows that these same classifier handshapes occur in 76% of all HKSL nouns. In this paper, I argue that these classifier handshapes embedded in nouns are in fact noun classifiers. Under the framework of Distributed Morphology, classifier handshapes are underspecified roots in root compounds which can be assigned the nominal category when merged with a nominal functional head in syntax. The function of these classifiers is to identify, and categorize a discourse referent, and they are full-fledged classifiers according to standards set by the general linguistic literature on classifiers. In addition to verbal and noun classifiers, I also briefly show how HKSL uses mensural numeral classifiers to intervene between mass nouns and numerals within the NP. Taken together, this means that HKSL employs three different types of classifiers: verbal, noun, and numeral classifiers.
Enhanced optical third-harmonic generation in phase-engineered nanostructured Zn1−x
Cd
x
S thin films for optoelectronic device applications
Authors: Bairy Raghavendra , Vijeth H , Rajesh K , Kulkarni Suresh D , Gummagol Neelamma , Murari M S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A polycrystalline nanostructured thin film of zinc cadmium sulfide was meticulously fabricated on a glass substrate using the thermal evaporation method physical vapor deposition within a vacuum chamber. Different doping concentrations were introduced by varying the cadmium (Cd) content, resulting in Zn1-x
Cd
x
S films with Cd concentrations ranging from x = 0.00–0.20 wt %. The impact of Cd doping on the third-order nonlinear optical (TONLO) properties of these films was thoroughly studied using the Z-scan method, employing a diode-pumped solid-state continuous-wave laser. To gain insight into the structural characteristics, the Zn1-x
Cd
x
S thin films underwent analysis through x-ray diffraction. Optical studies confirmed the tunability of the optical band gap (Eg) in the Zn1-x
Cd
x
S films, ranging from 3.88 eV for undoped ZnS to 2.80 eV for the film fabricated with 20 wt. % of Cd-content. This significant reduction in ‘Eg’ renders the films highly suitable for use as absorbing layers in applications such as solar cells and optoelectronics. Surface morphology analysis, performed via field emission scanning electron microscopy, revealed noticeable alterations with increased Cd doping. Significantly, the doped films exhibited a substantial redshift in the band edge and an increase in transmittance within the visible and near-infrared regions. The investigation of TONLO properties, including the nonlinear absorption coefficient (β), nonlinear refractive index (n
2) and susceptibility χ(3), yielded values ranging from 3.15 × 10−3 to 8.16 × 10−3 (cm W−1), 1.65 × 10−8 to 7.45 x 10–8 (cm2 W−1), and 3.12 × 10−5 to 7.86 × 10−5 (esu), respectively. These results indicate the presence of self-defocusing nonlinearity in the films. Overall, the outcomes underscore the potential of Cd-doped ZnS nanostructures in modifying surface morphology and enhancing NLO characteristics. Zn1-x
Cd
x
S thin films exhibit promise for applications in nonlinear optical devices, as evidenced by these encouraging findings.
Designing bi-functional Ag-CoGd0.025Er0.05Fe1.925O4 nanoarchitecture via green method
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam E , Elraaie Raghda , Mohamed Amira T 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the current study, we developed a simple and biocompatible method for producing core–shell nanoparticles (NPs). Citrate auto combustion and green procedures were used to create core–shell Ag/CoGd0.025Er0.05Fe1.925O4 (Ag/CGEFO) sample with an average crystallite size of 26.84 nm. The prepared samples were characterized via different structural techniques, such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy (RS), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Energy Dispersive x-ray analysis. These analyses were utilized to characterize and confirm the successful formation of the core–shell architecture. For core–shell NPs, all peaks of Ag and CGEFO ferrite are detected in the XRD, confirming the co-presence of the ferrite spinel phase and the cubic Ag phase. The magnetic hysteresis curves demonstrate typical hard ferri-magnetic behavior along with maximum magnetic saturation values up to 53.74 emu g−1 for the CGEFO sample, while an enhanced coercivity is detected for the coated sample. Moreover, the width of the hysteresis loop is increased for the Ag/CGEFO sample compared to the uncoated one. This indicates that the addition of Ag as a shell increases magneto crystalline anisotropy. Moreover, the E
g of uncoated CGEFO is equal to 1.4 eV, increasing to 3.6 eV for coated ones. This implies the influence of CGEFO is diminished when the surface is coated with Ag (shell), and the reflectance of the Ag/CGEFO core–shell is nearly dependent on the reflectance of the Ag shell layer. Consequently, the Ag/CGEFO can be used as a light shielding substance.
Fast subsampling strategy for point cloud based on novel octree coding
Authors: Zheng Zhen , Wang Cheng-jun , Zha Bing-ting , Liu Hao-dong , Zhang He 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Owing to the continuous expansion in data scale, the calculation, storage, and transmission of 3D data have been plagued by numerous issues. The point cloud data, in particular, often contain duplicated and anomalous points, which can hinder tasks such as measurement. To address this issue, it is crucial to utilize point cloud pre-processing methods that combine subsampling and denoising. These methods help obtain clean, evenly distributed, and compact points to enhance the accuracy of the data. In this study, an efficient point cloud subsampling method is proposed that combines point cloud denoising capabilities. This method can effectively preserve salient features while improving the quality of point cloud data. By constructing the octree structure of the point cloud, the corresponding node code is obtained according to the spatial coordinates of the point cloud, and the feature vector of the node is calculated based on the analysis of covariance. Node feature similarity is introduced to distinguish the node into feature and non-feature nodes, forming the node feature code, and the layer threshold is introduced to filter outliers. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm has a time ratio of over four compared to the curvature-based algorithm. Additionally, it exhibits an average grey entropy that is

1.6
×

e

−
3

lower than that of the random sampling method. And considering both time cost and subsampling effectiveness, proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art subsampling strategies, such as Approximate Intrinsic Voxel Structure and SampleNet. This approach is effective in removing noise while preserving important features, thereby reducing overall size of the point cloud. The high computational efficiency of our algorithm makes it a valuable reference for fast and precise measurements that require timeliness. It successfully addresses the challenges posed by the continuous expansion of data scale and offers significant advantages over existing subsampling methods. By improving the quality of point cloud data, our algorithm contributes to reducing complexity, enables efficient and accurate measurements.
A novel fault diagnosis framework of rolling bearings based on adaptive dynamic activation convolutional capsule network
Authors: Jiang Guang-Jun , Li De-Zhi , Li Yun-Feng , Zhao Qi , Luan Yu , Duan Zheng-Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a fault diagnosis framework of rolling bearings based on the adaptive dynamic activation convolutional capsule network (CN). The CN is first used to vectorize and mine the spatial information of features aiming at extracting more comprehensive spatial location features. Then, the feature extraction layer of the CN is improved to extract deeper features and reduce the number of parameters. The dynamic activation function is then introduced to extract features better than the steady-state activation function, which can self-adapt the activation features and capture variable feature information. Finally, real rolling bearing data sets are used to verify the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed method with the assistance of comparisons with existing fault diagnosis methods. The results confirmed that the proposed framework has better performance in terms of accuracy and generalization.
Using finite element simulation to evaluate charge measurement precision for space inertial sensors
Authors: Chen Bingxue , Hong Wei , Li Honggang , Zhao Menghao , Chu Liangyu , Li Qingqing , Jia Bowen , Zhang Deng , Bai Yanzheng , Zhou Zebing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Non-contact measurement and control are essential for accumulated charges on the test mass (TM) of space inertial sensors, as these charges can worsen the sensitivity of space-based gravitational wave detection. However, it is a challenge to evaluate measurement precision due to the limitations of experimental methods. In this study, the charge measurement process is described using an electrostatic force model, and five influence factors in terms of measurement precision are quantitatively evaluated through finite element simulation. The results indicate that the main contributors to mean relative errors (MREs) are the geometric structure of inertial sensors and the charge distribution on the TM. By correcting the capacitance gradient coefficient in the measurement model, the MRE caused by geometric structure can be reduced from 48% to 2%. Furthermore, the rotational modulation scheme demonstrates lower MREs and relative standard deviations, making it a preferred scheme for charge measurement. This study provides a feasible approach to designing and evaluating the charge measurement scheme for space-based gravitational wave detection.
Understanding neural network tuned Langevin thermostat effect on predicting thermal conductivity of graphene-coated copper using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Toprak Kasim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Copper has always been used in thermoelectric applications due to its extensive properties among metals. However, it requires further improving its heat transport performance at the nanosized applications by supporting another high thermal conductivity material. Herein, copper was coated with graphene, and the neural network fitting was employed for the nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of graphene-coated copper nanomaterials to predict thermal conductivity. The Langevin thermostat that was tuned with a neural network fitting (NNF), which makes up the backbone of deep learning, generated the temperature difference between the two ends of the models. The NNF calibrated the Langevin thermostat damping constants that helped to control the temperatures precisely. The buffer and thermostat lengths were also analyzed, and they have considerable effects on the thermostat temperatures and a significant impact on the thermal conductivity of the graphene-coated copper. Regarding thermal conductivity, the four different shapes of vacancy defect concentrations and their locations in the graphene sheets were further investigated. The vacancy between the thermostats significantly decreases the thermal conductivity; however, the vacancy defect in thermostats does not have a similar effect. When the graphene is placed between two copper blocks, the thermal conductivity decreases drastically, and it continues to drop when the sine wave amplitude on the graphene sheet increases.
An ICME framework for short fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites via direct ink writing
Authors: Sun Jason , Marziale Joseph J , Haselhuhn Amberlee S , Salac David , Chen James 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A manufacturing-driven ICME framework is proposed to model short fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) via direct ink writing. Currently, there lacks efforts to investigate the effects of properties of short fiber reinforced CMCs due to fiber alignment variance. A multi-scale modeling approach is presented to use representative volume elements to capture the homogenized mechanical behavior at various fiber aspect ratios and volume ratios. The orthotropic material properties are mapped to model the printing process. A series of tensile tests simulations show that with 20∘ standard deviation in fiber alignment, the fracture plane has the maximum local tensile stress range at a printing angle of 30∘ and has the minimum local tensile stress range at 90

∘

. When the standard deviation increases from 20∘ to 40∘, the average tensile strength across the fracture plane decreases by 2%, but the stress variations increase 27.6%.
Investigation of small-fraction molecular impurities in high-pressure helium plasmas using optical plasma diagnostic methods
Authors: Urabe Keiichiro , Toyoda Minami , Matsuoka Yoshinori , Eriguchi Koji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In high-pressure plasmas using gases diluted via a rare gas, small-fraction impurities in the discharge space significantly impact the basic plasma parameters and excited-species generation processes. This study investigated the behaviors of molecular impurities in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) generated in a flow of high-purity He gas using optical plasma diagnostic methods. The optical emission spectra obtained under various discharge conditions (pressure, flow rate, and voltage frequency) indicated that the major impurity species in the He DBD was the H2O molecule, and the DBD decomposed the H2O before reaching the measurement spot. To quantitatively analyze the H2O fraction, time-resolved laser absorption spectroscopy was performed to measure the exponential decay time of He metastable (Hem) atoms in the He-DBD. The H2O fraction in the He gas flow was derived from the dependence of Hem lifetime decay on the voltage frequency. In addition, a model was proposed to estimate the H2O fraction under various He pressure and flow rate conditions from reference data. The procedures to perform optical plasma diagnostics and evaluate the fraction and behavior of H2O impurities are expected to facilitate a better understanding and control of high-pressure plasmas.
Continuously monitored quantum systems beyond Lindblad dynamics
Authors: Lami Guglielmo , Santini Alessandro , Collura Mario 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The dynamics of a quantum system, undergoing unitary evolution and continuous monitoring, can be described in term of quantum trajectories. Although the averaged state fully characterizes expectation values, the entire ensemble of stochastic trajectories goes beyond simple linear observables, keeping a more attentive description of the entire dynamics. Here we go beyond the Lindblad dynamics and study the probability distribution of the expectation value of a given observable over the possible quantum trajectories. The measurements are applied to the entire system, having the effect of projecting the system into a product state. We develop an analytical tool to evaluate this probability distribution at any time t. We illustrate our approach by analyzing two paradigmatic examples: a single qubit subjected to magnetization measurements, and a free hopping particle subjected to position measurements.
Ti3C2O2 MXene single-layer as a nanoscale transport device
Authors: Akkuş Ünal Özden , Balcı Erdem , Berber Savas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We considered Ti3C2O2 MXene single-layers with stepped edges as a nanoscale field effect transistor (FET) device. Our model device contains stepped edges at the interface of Ti3C2O2 and Ti2CO2 segments, and a top gate. We suggest that Ti2CO2 semiconducting device region can be obtained by etching the central part of a Ti3C2O2 single-layer. We determined the device characteristic of the proposed device in non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) calculations and observed the transistor behavior. The current through the device is controllable by the total amount of accumulated charge on the gate electrode. Our findings should be applicable to a large number of MXenes: Starting from M3C2O2 MXene single-layers, nanoscale FETs could be produced using conventional mask and etching lithography techniques.
Diffusion Monte Carlo calculations of the polarizability of a confined hydrogen atom: benchmarking and application to high symmetry wells
Authors: Longo Gaia Micca , Longo Savino 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a non-perturbative direct method to calculate the polarizability of a hydrogen atom confined in a three-dimensional potential well of any geometry. The calculation is based on the diffusion Monte Carlo method. The advantage of the method is simplicity of implementation and immediate adaptability to any well shape. The method is validated for the well-studied spherically confined hydrogen atom, and demonstrated in the case of two other geometries (cube and octahedron), for which this paper provides the first set of results. Although demonstrated here for the confined hydrogen atom, the method can be immediately applied to any single-electron system placed in a three-dimensional potential well of any type and geometry. Results for a hydrogen atom confined in potential wells of cubic or spherical symmetry suggests that the polarizability in these cases is a universal function of the volume of the well. This result can simplify calculations for real situations such as in quantum dots.
Probing astrophysical environment with eccentric extreme mass-ratio inspirals
Authors: Rahman Mostafizur , Kumar Shailesh , Bhattacharyya Arpan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The discovery of gravitational waves and black holes has started a new era of gravitational wave astronomy that allows us to probe the underpinning features of gravity and astrophysics in extreme environments of the universe. In this article, we investigate one such study with an extreme mass-ratio inspiral system where the primary object is a spherically symmetric static black hole immersed in a dark matter halo governed by the Hernquist density distribution. We consider the eccentric equatorial orbital motion of the steller-mass object orbiting around the primary and compute measurable effects. We examine the behaviour of dark matter mass and halo radius in generated gravitational wave fluxes and the evolution of eccentric orbital parameters- eccentricity and semi-latus rectum. We further provide an estimate of gravitational wave dephasing and find the seminal role of low-frequency detectors in the observational prospects of such an astrophysical environment.
Multi-scale gyrokinetic simulations of JT-60U L-mode plasma: reduction of the ion scale energy loss due to the nonlinear coupling with the electron scale turbulence
Authors: Xu Shaokang , Maeyama S. , Watanabe T.-H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We investigate the effect of the electron temperature gradient (ETG) driven turbulence on the energy transport in JT-60U L-mode plasma by means of the multi-scale gyrokinetic simulation. In the core region at

r

/

a
=
0.5

, the instability in the ion scale is driven by the ion temperature gradient (ITG), meanwhile strong unstable ETG modes are found in the electron scale. The nonlinear multi-scale gyrokinetic simulation shows that ETG modes are stabilized in the nonlinear phase and the energy transport in the multi-scale simulation is similar to that obtained in the ion scale ITG simulation. In an outer region at

r

/

a
=
0.6

, the ion scale instability changes to be the trapped electron mode (TEM). The multi-scale simulation shows that both the ion and the electron energy flux are reduced by

∼

30
%

compared to those obtained in the single scale TEM simulation. Interestingly, the electron energy flux is close to the experimental value after this reduction. From the data analyses, we find that ETG turbulence damps the energy of TEM modes through the ion scale/electron scale coupling and the electron scale/electron scale coupling, and can be modeled as a turbulent diffusion of TEM modes. These results suggest that the single ion scale simulation seems to be still valid in the inner region with

r

/

a
<
0.5

. However, in the outer region it is necessary to include the ETG modes in the gyrokinetic simulations to explain the energy transport in this L-mode plasma. This is the first result showing that ETG turbulence can reduce the electron energy loss via the cross-scale interaction in a real tokamak equilibrium profile.