bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work Ability and Work Nonparticipation
Authors: Conway Paul Maurice , Burr Hermann , Kersten Norbert , Rose Uwe 
Published: December 2023

Objective
The aim of the study is to examine the association between work ability and work nonparticipation, including long-term sickness absence (LTSA), unemployment (UE), and disability pension/early retirement (ER).

Methods
We conducted a questionnaire-based 5-year follow-up study on a representative sample of the German working population (n = 2426). We used a two-part model to examine the association of continuous Work Ability Index (WAI) scores with the probability of events of work nonparticipation and the duration thereof.

Results
Higher WAI scores were protective against total work nonparticipation (an index combining the three indicators), LTSA, ER and UE, the latter among males only. Higher WAI scores were protective also against duration of total work nonparticipation and LTSA, but not against duration of UE and ER among males and duration of UE among females.

Conclusions
Higher WAI scores have a protective role against work nonparticipation.
Heightened presence of inflammatory mediators in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Ostertag Curtis , Friedman Timothy N. , Keough Michael B. , Kerr Bradley J. , Sankar Tejas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic, debilitating facial pain disease causing stabbing pain attacks in the sensory distribution of the trigeminal nerve. The underlying pathophysiology of TN is incompletely understood, although microstructural abnormalities consistent with focal demyelination of the trigeminal nerve root have been shown in patients with TN. Studies of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with TN suggest an increased prevalence of inflammatory mediators, potentially implicating neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of TN, as it has been implicated in other chronic pain conditions.

Objectives:
This study aimed to further assess the inflammatory profile of CSF in TN.

Methods:
Cerebrospinal fluid was collected from 8 medically refractory patients with TN undergoing microvascular decompression surgery and 4 pain-free controls (2 with hemifacial spasm; 2 with normal pressure hydrocephalus). Cerebrospinal fluid was collected from the cerebellopontine angle cistern intraoperatively in the patients with TN. Inflammatory profiles of CSF samples were analyzed using a 71-plex cytokine and chemokine multiplex assay.

Results:
Ten inflammatory markers were found to be significantly higher in TN CSF, and no analytes were significantly lower. Elevated factors can be classified into pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-9, IL-18, and IL-33), chemokines (RANTES and ENA-78), the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TRAIL and sCD40L), and growth factors (EGF, PDGF-AB/BB, and FGF-2).

Conclusion:
This study further supports the notion that neuroinflammation is present in TN, and that multiple molecular pathways are implicated.
Service-oriented manufacturing supply chain: risks and their resonant effect
Authors: Duong An Thi Binh , Diep Uyen My , Sampaio Paulo , Carvalho Maria , Pham Hai Thanh , Hoang Thu-Hang , Truong Dung Quang , Truong Huy Quang 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThis research aims to specialise in the investigation of risk management for service-oriented manufacturing supply chains via two stages, highlighting its differences from manufacturing. The research article is commenced by executing an encyclopedic review of earlier research to ascertain the distinctive traits of service-oriented manufacturing supply chains and identify prevalent risks. Secondly, an empirical study in the construction field, amongst the industry hardest struck in the mist of the COVID-19 epidemic, is conducted to thoroughly inspect the resonant effect of these risks on service-oriented manufacturing supply chain performance.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, to validate the resonant effect mechanism, a thorough assessment is undertaken by juxtaposing theoretical model to a newly constructed comparative model that encompasses the single effects of risks on supply chain performance.Findings63% variance of service-oriented manufacturing supply chain performance was showcased by the resonant effect model, compared with 46.3% in the comparative model. Moreover, each risk exerts a more glaringly significant impact on supply chain performance, asserting the mechanism of the resonant influence. Another noteworthy result involves the demand risk possessing a low effect on supply chain performance, thus emphasising the superiority of service-oriented manufacturing supply chains.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research endeavours should hinge on the optimal “resonant” model explosion, thereby foreseeing and alleviating worst-case scenarios to guarantee the robustness and resilience of supply chain networks.Practical implicationsIndubitably, reducing the intensity of the resonant effect revolves around lowering the coefficient of “a,” thereby restricting/eliminating the link among risks. Therefore, the suggested resonant impact model might thus serve as “a road map”. In light of the aforementioned considerations, it is advisable that supply chain executives employ supply chain management tactics namely avoidance, prediction, and postponement, but only after meticulous consideration the costs and benefits of adopting such strategies.Originality/valueThe service-oriented manufacturing supply chain features and advantages have been analysed and explained throughout the article. The data gathered during the COVID-19 pandemic is a captivating and topical point of this paper.
Small half‐graben inferred from a Miocene syn‐rift succession in the Kinbusan area, eastern Tottori Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Haji Toshiki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the Miocene tectonics of the southwest Japan Arc is key to elucidating the history of the opening of the Japan Sea, and important advances have been made in the last 10 years, such as clarification of the timing of arc rotation. Syn‐rift successions occur in the eastern San'in basins, but they have received little attention because the basic stratigraphy and development of the basins are poorly understood. This paper provides details of a field survey of the Miocene geology of the Kinbusan area in eastern Tottori Prefecture, Japan. The lithofacies suggest alluvial fan and plain environments, which correlate with the syn‐rifting horizon of the southwest Japan Arc. A syn‐depositional graben, which is newly named the Kinbusan Graben, can be inferred from the geometry of the basin fill, and this graben consists of two sub‐basins bounded by two ENE–WSW‐trending normal faults. Miocene dikes also trend ENE–WSW, indicating that the graben was formed in response to extension oriented perpendicular to the strike of the faults. The age of the Iwami Formation shows that extension was initiated before arc rotation. Fault‐slip data, collected from meso‐scale faults in the basin fill, indicate axial compressive stress with the maximum principal stress being vertical. The stress field suggests that the basin fill was accommodated not only in fault‐perpendicular extension but also in fault‐parallel extensions, and fault‐parallel extension was the probable cause of differential subsidence of the basin fill during faulting. The results show that the basic stratigraphy and structures of the eastern San'in basins provide important constraints on the timing and style of deformation in the southwest Japan Arc and the Japan Sea.
Cover crop diversity for sustainable agriculture: Insights from the Cerrado biome
Authors: Souza Victória Santos , Santos Darliane de Castro , Ferreira Jaqueline Gomes , de Souza Stéfany Oliveira , Gonçalo Tulio Porto , de Sousa João Vitor Alves , Cruvinel Aline Guimarães , Vilela Lourival , do Prado Paim Tiago , de Almeida Rodrigo Estevam Munhoz , Canisares Lucas Pecci , Cherubin Maurício Roberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBrazil is one of the largest soybean producer of the world and the Cerrado biome has played a pivotal role in this expansion. Because of the economic and agronomic challenges associated with the maize production as a second summer crop in this region, cover crops are gaining popularity as a strategy to diversify the agricultural system while enhancing soil health. This study assessed the benefits of single species of cover crops and a mix of cover crop species in between harvest seasons to the soybean grain yield and nematode suppression. The study was carried out for 3 years in two locations within the Cerrado biome. We evaluated six cover crop treatments after soybean cultivation: (1) Mix of cover crops (Pennisetum glaucum, Crotalaria spectabilis and Urochloa ruziziensis), (2) P. glaucum (Pearl millet), (3) C. spectabilis, (4) U. ruziziensis (Congo grass) (5) Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu (Marandu palisadegrass) and (6) U. brizantha BRS Paiaguás (Paiaguás palisadegrass). Pennisetum glaucum and U. brizantha cv. Marandu produced highest amounts of biomass on a 3‐year average. In one site, P. glaucum produced more biomass than other cover crops by 210%. Tropical grasses (U. ruziziensis, Marandu and Paiaguás), along with the cover crop mixture, exhibited intermediate biomass levels in the site with higher P. glaucum biomass production and did not differ from P. glaucum in the other site. Cover crops varied nutrient uptake depending on the species. Decomposition rates varied among cover crops as expected, with C. spectabilis decomposing rapidly and releasing substantial amounts nutrients, particularly nitrogen. In contrast, the cover crop mixture had a slower decomposition. The choice of cover crop significantly influenced soybean population and yield, with some variability across years and locations. The cover crop mixture consistently supported higher soybean populations and yields, highlighting its potential for enhancing soybean production, nutrient cycling and nematode suppression. It effectively reduced nematode abundance in soybean roots, highlighting its role in nematode management. Our findings emphasize the robustness and versatility of cover crop mixtures in mitigating weather variability across years and sites. They consistently performed well in terms of biomass production, nutrient uptake, soybean yields and nematode control. This study highlights the vital role of cover crops in the Cerrado ecosystem, enhancing soil health, crop productivity and environmental sustainability. The choice of cover crop species and mixtures offers a valuable tool for farmers seeking resilient and sustainable agricultural practices amid changing environmental conditions.
Concordance of shoulder symptoms and imaging findings: a protocol for the Finnish Imaging of Shoulder (FIMAGE) study
Authors: Ibounig Thomas , Buchbinder Rachelle , Sillanpää Niko , Rämö Lasse , Toivonen Pirjo , Raatikainen Saara , Koskinen Seppo , Härkänen Tommi , Rissanen Harri , Czuba Tomasz , Paavola Mika , Jarvinen Teppo , Taimela Simo 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionShoulder pain is a substantial medical and socioeconomic problem in most societies, affecting the ability to work or carry out leisure time activities as well as subsequently influencing physical and psychological well-being. According to a nationwide survey in Finland, 27% of the population reported shoulder pain within the last 30 days. In clinical practice, imaging findings of structural abnormalities are typically thought to explain symptoms, even though such findings are also prevalent in asymptomatic individuals, particularly with increasing age. Overall, there is a paucity of high-quality evidence on the prevalence, clinical relevance and prognosis of ‘abnormal’ imaging findings of the shoulder.The aim of the Finnish Imaging of Shoulder (FIMAGE) study is fourfold: to assess (1) the prevalence of shoulder symptoms and the most common anatomical variants and imaging abnormalities of the shoulder; (2) the concordance between shoulder symptoms, function and imaging abnormalities; (3) the most important determinants of symptoms, function and imaging abnormalities; and (4) the course of shoulder complaints over 5 years.MethodsThe FIMAGE target population of 600 participants, aged 40–75 years, will be randomly selected from a nationally representative general population sample of 9922 individuals originally recruited for the Finnish Health 2000 Survey. On giving informed consent, the participants will be invited to a clinical visit that includes assessment of general health, shoulder symptoms, bilateral shoulder examination and imaging of both shoulders with plain radiography and MRI.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District. The findings will be published according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology criteria.Trial registration numberNCT05641415.
Rural caregivers’ preparedness for detecting and responding to the signs of worsening health conditions in recently hospitalised patients at risk for readmission: a qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Fox Mary T , Butler Jeffrey I 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore informal rural caregivers’ perceived preparedness to detect and respond to the signs of worsening health conditions in patients recently discharged from hospital and at risk for readmission.DesignA qualitative descriptive design and semistructured interviews were used. Data were thematically analysed.SettingData collection occurred in 2018 and 2019 in rural communities in Southwestern and Northeastern Ontario, Canada.ParticipantsThe study included sixteen informal caregivers who were all family members of a relative discharged from hospital at high risk for readmission following hospitalisation mostly for a medical illness (63%). Participants were mostly women (87.5%), living with their relative (62.5%) who was most often a parent (56.3%).ResultsThree themes were identified: (1) warning signs and rural communities, (2) perceived preparedness, and (3) improving preparedness. The first theme elucidates informal caregivers’ view that they needed to be prepared because they were taking over care previously provided by hospital healthcare professionals yet lacked accessible medical help in rural communities. The second theme captures informal caregivers’ perceptions that they lacked knowledge of how to detect warning signs and how to respond to them appropriately. The last theme illuminates informal caregivers’ suggestions for improving preparation related to warning signs.ConclusionsInformal caregivers in rural communities were largely unprepared for detecting and responding to the signs of worsening health conditions for patients at high risk for hospital readmission. Healthcare professionals can anticipate that informal caregivers, particularly those whose relatives live far from medical help, need information on how to detect and respond to warning signs, and may prioritise their time to this aspect of postdischarge care for these caregivers.
Social network trajectory of young adults aged 18−35 years diagnosed with a brain tumour: a protocol for a mixed methods study
Authors: Guldager Rikke , Nordentoft Sara , Bruun-Pedersen Mette , Hindhede Anette Lykke 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionResearch indicates that social networks and roles are disrupted throughout the entire trajectory of someone living with a brain tumour. Young adults aged 18–35 years are particularly vulnerable to such disruption because they are in a process of establishing themselves. Pre-existing social roles and support networks of young adults living with a primary brain tumour may change. This study aims to identify the social networks of young adults aged 18–35 years diagnosed with a primary brain tumour and to map how the diagnosis and disease course affects the social network in relation to changes in relationships and roles over time.Methods and analysisThe study adopts a longitudinal design with a convergent mixed methods approach to describe the social network of young adults. The study utilizes a quantitative approach to social network analysis to measure network size, composition and density and a qualitative approach with interviews to gain insight into young adult’s narratives about their network. Network maps will be produced, analysed and all the findings will then be compared and integrated. Interviews and network drawing will take place at the time of the diagnoses, with follow-up interviews 6 and 12 months later. This will shed light on transformations in network compositions and network support over time.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency (ID P-2022-733). Written informed consent will be obtained from all patients. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal and reported at local, national and international conferences on brain cancer.
Medical students impacted by discrimination: a qualitative study into their experiences of belonging and support systems at medical schools in the UK
Authors: Ikhlaq Hamza , Agarwal Srishti , Kwok Catharine , Golamgouse Hadiya , Derby Simone , McRae Nicola , Brown Megan E L , Collin Victoria , Parekh Ravi , Kumar Sonia 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo better understand the broader experience of medical students impacted by discrimination and the support systems they engage with.DesignQualitative study using semi-structured interviews.SettingFour medical schools based in the UK.Participants17 medical students were recruited using volunteer and snowball sampling: all students self-identified as being impacted by discrimination.Results5 themes were identified: feelings of isolation, imposter syndrome and exclusion; a lack of representation and positive role modelling; the importance of peer support; issues relating to the accessibility of support; building support networks through shared experiences and attempts to foster a sense of inclusion through peer and institutionally led initiatives.ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest medical schools could do more to recognise the importance of acknowledging the multiple identities at risk of discrimination held by students, perpetuating feelings of isolation and exclusion. Our research highlights the need for practical systemic initiatives to improve the sense of belonging of medical students who are impacted by discrimination. Medical educators and institutions should consider formal and informal provisions, such as creating time and space for students to meet and share experiences, access support and reporting networks, to foster a greater sense of belonging.
Anxiety symptoms and associated factors among school students after 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhou Yi , Dai Pinyuan , Guan Yunqi , Zhong JieMing , Li Na , Yu Min 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo ascertain the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety symptoms among middle and high school students in Zhejiang after 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignA school-based cross-sectional study.Setting30 counties/districts in Zhejiang Province, China.Participants27 019 students attending middle and high schools.Outcome measuresAnxiety symptoms were assessed using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). A total score of 10 or more is considered indicative of anxiety symptoms.ResultsThe overall prevalence (95% CI) of anxiety symptoms was 14.2% (13.4 to 15.0), higher among girls (18.6%, 95% CI: 17.5 to 19.7) than boys (10.2%, 95% CI: 9.5 to 10.9) (p<0.001), higher among rural students (15.1%, 95% CI: 14.1 to 16.2) than urban students (12.5%, 95% CI: 11.6 to 13.4) (p<0.001). Older age (14–15 years, OR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.44; ≥16 years, OR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.63), being girls (OR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.58 to 1.96), living in rural areas (OR=1.14, 95%CI: 1.01 to 1.29), poor academic performance (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.41), alcohol drinking (OR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.30), inadequate fruits (OR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.19 to 1.45) and vegetables intake (OR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.57), insomnia (sometimes, OR=2.14, 95% CI: 1.93 to 2.38; often/always, OR=4.73, 95% CI: 4.03 to 5.56), loneliness (sometimes, OR=2.97, 95%CI: 2.59 to 3.41; often/always, OR=8.35, 95% CI: 7.20 to 9.69), sadness (OR=2.51, 95% CI: 2.25 to 2.79) and physical fight (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.48) were positively associated with anxiety symptoms, while studying at vocational high school (OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.49 to 0.75), coming from family with middle income (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.64 to 0.89), being physically active 3–7 days weekly (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.75 to 0.95) were negatively associated with anxiety symptoms.ConclusionAnxiety symptoms prevailed among middle and high school students in China. A variety of factors, containing sociodemographic factors, lifestyle behaviours, mental health, academic performance and physical fight should be taken in consideration in addressing prevention and intervention of anxiety symptoms.
Multivariable risk model for postpartum re-presentation with hypertension: development phase
Authors: McDougall Helen Elizabeth , Yuan Grace , Olivier Nadia , Tacey Mark , Langsford David 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesPostpartum hypertension is one of the leading causes of re-presentation to hospital postpartum and is associated with adverse long-term cardiovascular risk. Postpartum blood pressure monitoring and management interventions have been shown to reduce hospital re-presentation, complications and long-term blood pressure control. Identifying patients at risk can be difficult as 40%–50% present with de novo postpartum hypertension. We aim to develop a risk model for postpartum re-presentation with hypertension using data readily available at the point of discharge.DesignA case–control study comparing all patients who re-presented to hospital with hypertension within 28 days post partum to a random sample of all deliveries who did not re-present with hypertension. Multivariable analysis identified risk factors and bootstrapping selected variables for inclusion in the model. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve or C-statistic was used to test the model’s discriminative ability.SettingA retrospective review of all deliveries at a tertiary metropolitan hospital in Melbourne, Australia from 1 January 2016 to 30 December 2020.ResultsThere were 17 746 deliveries, 72 hypertension re-presentations of which 51.4% presented with de novo postpartum hypertension. 15 variables were considered for the multivariable model. We estimated a maximum of seven factors could be included to avoid overfitting. Bootstrapping selected six factors including pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, peak systolic blood pressure in the delivery admission, aspirin prescription and elective caesarean delivery with a C-statistic of 0.90 in a training cohort.ConclusionThe development phase of this risk model builds on the three previously published models and uses factors readily available at the point of delivery admission discharge. Once tested in a validation cohort, this model could be used to identify at risk women for interventions to help prevent hypertension re-presentation and the short-term and long-term complications of postpartum hypertension.