bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cassia sieberiana DC (Fabaceae) on α-amylase and α-Glucosidase and Diabetes Treatment Trial in Rats
Authors: Sadat Baba O. Zeine Mohamed Anouar , Marcelin Kouassi Konan Armand , Denis Bedou Kouassi , Angèle Edjeme-Ake , Hmeyada Abdellahi Mohamed Vall , Salihi Ahmedou Mohamed Vadel , Joseph Djaman Allico , Jean-David N’guessan 
Published: November 2023

Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disease caused by a disturbance in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. It constitutes a public health problem whose major symptom is chronic hyperglycemia. The present study aims to assess the inhibitory effect of aqueous root extract of Cassia sieberiana (AECs) on two glycosidases, as well as its anti-diabetic potential in Wistar rats.
Study Design: Experimental Design.
Place and Duration of Study: Biology and Health Laboratory, Training and Research Unit Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University of Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, is the place where this study was carried out. The work was conducted from November 2022 to February 2023.
Methodology: The inhibitory effect of AECs on α-amylase and α-glucosidase was determined in vitro by measuring its ability to block the activity of these enzymes in the presence of their substrate. As for anti-diabetic activity, this was assessed in Wistar rats during experimental alloxane-induced diabetes. Diabetic rats were then treated with AECs at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg bw and glibenclamide at a dose of 10 mg/kg bw for three weeks.
Results: AECs exerts weak inhibitory effect on α-amylase activity (IC50 = 3.41x104 mg/mL) compared to its effect on α-glucosidase activity (IC50 =7.31x10-2 mg/mL). However, this inhibitory effect is lower than that of acarbose (IC50 = 3.13x10-4 mg/mL). In addition, treatment of diabetic rats reduced hyperglycemia by 38.75%, 55.48% and 63.55% in rats receiving AECs at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg bw and glibenclamide respectively. In addition, changes in lipid, hepatic and renal profiles, and weight loss in diabetic rats were corrected by this extract.
Conclusion: AECs inhibits α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity, but this effect is better with α-glucosidase. This extract is also able to reduce glycemia in diabetic rats and regulate certain parameters linked to complications associated with diabetes.
Effect of Nano Nitrogen and Nano Zinc on the Growth and Yield of Sweetcorn
Authors: Sengupta Rivu , Sahu Gayatri , Pradhan P. P. , Pal A. K. 
Published: November 2023

Aim: To study the effect of nano nitrogen and nano zinc on the growth and yield of sweetcorn (variety KSP-5389) in Inceptisol of Odisha.
Experimental design: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and eight treatments. The treatments details were T1-Absolute control, T2- RDF (Recommended dose of N: P2O5: K2O :: 80: 40: 40), T3- RDF + Zn @ 5 kg ha-1 , T4- 50 % N + N foliar spray ( Vegetative Stage), T5- 50% N + N foliar spray ( Vegetative Stage + Tasselling), T6- 50% N + N foliar spray ( Vegetative Stage + Tasselling) + Zn foliar spray (Silking stage), T7- 50% N + N foliar spray ( Vegetative Stage + Tasselling) + Zn foliar spray (Silking+Milking), T8- N spray ( Veg+ Tasselling ) + Zn spray (Silking+ Dough). P & K was common to all treatment except control.
Place and duration of study: A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season, February 2022 at khujimahal, Chandaka, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar Odisha.
Results: The results showed that highest biological yield (1685 kgha-1) was found in the application of (50% N with two foliar sprays of nano N at vegetative and tasselling stage and two foliar spray of nano Zn @4ml L-1 at silking and milking stage). Whereas lowest cobyield (691 kg ha-1) was observed in absolute control. Compare with recommended dose of fertilizer with Zn, the application of 50% N with Nano N and Nano Zn as double foliar spray, the yield was increased by 41% whereas 26% yield increase by single foliar application of nano Zn.
Conclusion: Highest harvest index HI was found in the application of 50% N with two foliar sprays of nano N at vegetative and tasselling stage and two sprays of nano Zn @4 ml L-1 at silking and milking stage and lowest in control. Application of 50% N with two foliar sprays of nano N at vegetative and tasselling stage and two spray of nano Zn @4ml l-1 at silking and dough stage (T8) helps in increasing the yield of sweet corn as well as nutrient concentration and nutrient uptake followed by T7 (50 % N + N foliar spray at vegetative stage @ 4ml l-1 + Zn spray at Silking and Milking stage).
Effect of Various Organic and Inorganic Formulations on Fruit Setting and Yield in Mango cv. Kesar
Authors: Ramoliya M. P. , Chaudhari Mani N. , Butani A. M. , Dodiya K. D. 
Published: November 2023

The present experiment was carried out at Fruit Research Station, Sakkarbaugh, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat). The results of the study indicated that the spraying of monopotassium phosphate 2 % + Boron 0.8 % + Panchgavya 3 % was found effective in fruit setting where as spraying of KNO3 2 % + NAA 50 ppm + Jeevamrut 5 % exhibited the minimum fruit drop at marble stage (58.89 %), harvest stage (49.44 %), maximum fruit retention (48.89 %), maximum number of fruits per panicle (2.08), maximum number of fruits per tree (88) and highest fruit yield (13.57 kg/tree and 3.76 t/ha).
Evaluation for Parental Polymorphism and Identification of Microsatellites Linked to Drought Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Shankar C.  , Abida P. S.  , Joseph Jiji , Francies Rose Mary , Mathew Deepu , Beena R.  
Published: November 2023

Aims: To identify the ready-to-use polymorphic microsatellite markers associated with drought tolerance for marker-assisted backcross breeding through a polymorphism survey between Jyothi and Chuvannamodan rice varieties.
Place and Duration of Study: Centre for plant biotechnology and molecular biology, Thrissur, Kerala, India, during January to May 2023.
Methodology: The genomic DNA of Jyothi and Chuvannamodan was isolated by following CTAB (Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide) method with modification. Isolated DNA from both varieties was subjected to PCR amplification using 208 Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) primer pairs distributed in 12 chromosomes. The amplified PCR products were electrophoresed in 3% agarose gel and separated fragments were visualized and documented in the Gel Documentation System. Different allele sizes produced by the same SSRs primers between two varieties are identified as polymorphic markers. Polymorphism per-cent was calculated, and frequency distribution and chromosome distribution of polymorphic markers were analyzed.
Results: A total of 208 SSR primers were surveyed for the parental polymorphism. Out of which, 85 SSR primers exhibited clear polymorphism between Jyothi and Chuvannamodan and the remaining 123 were monomorphic primers. The amplicon size ranged from 83bp (RM430) to 495bp (RM18919) among the different primers. The survey revealed maximum parental polymorphism on chromosome 4 (69.23%), followed by chromosome 5 (64.28%), and minimum polymorphism on chromosome 8 (21.73%). The average per cent of polymorphism between the parents was 40.86%. Among the 85 polymorphic markers, 66 had dinucleotide repeats, 17 had trinucleotide repeats, and 1 had tetranucleotide repeats.
Markers with dinucleotide repeats showed higher level of polymorphism. A group of 28 polymorphic markers were identified to be linked with traits including root-related traits, grain yield, leaf rolling and leaf drying under drought conditions.
Conclusion: The polymorphic markers identified in the present study form the basis for tagging drought-tolerant QTLs/genes, fine mapping of those genes, and subsequently in marker-assisted breeding programs. The polymorphic markers linked with the QTLs for grain yield under drought can be pyramided in Jyothi through marker-assisted backcross breeding.
Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Combined with Dietary Intervention on Childhood Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Seif Ebtesam Ragab , Hamam Mohammed Amr , El-Shafiey Rasha Mohammed Gamal , Attia Gihan Farouk , El-Sawy Doaa Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

Background: Obesity is one of the multifactorial diseases associated with numerous cardiometabolic comorbidity conditions and insulin resistance (IR). Modifying the lifestyle, like following healthy nutrition in addition to physical activity, is considered one of the main strategies for obesity management. Besides various treatment options, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation is suggested as a potential solution to alleviate several obesity-related issues. The work aimed: to assess the effects of omega-3 PUFAs in combination with dietary intervention on BMI and IR in children with obesity. Subjects and Methods: A prospective randomized controlled longitudinal study was carried out on sixty children & adolescents suffering from obesity with a BMI of ≥95th percentile for sex and age. They were categorized into 2 groups (thirty children in each group): group A received oral omega-3 PUFAs in addition to a dietary intervention for six months, and group B received only a dietary intervention during the same period. Another thirty healthy children & adolescents having BMI ranging from 5th to 85th percentile for sex and age were matched with the obese children groups for sex and age and served as controls. All participants included in the study underwent a history taking, thorough clinical assessment, anthropometric measurement, and various investigations such as ALT, AST, CRP, lipid profile, HOMA-IR, serum adiponectin, serum leptin, and adiponectin-leptin ratio (ALR). Results: After the therapeutic interventions, group A (omega-3-supplemented) showed significant improvement in waist circumference, serum triglycerides, HDL-C, inflammatory adipokines (that included leptin, adiponectin, and ALR) as well as markers for insulin sensitivity compared to group B. Conclusion: Combining omega-3 PUFAs with dietary intervention improved various obesity-related parameters, enhancing insulin sensitivity markers and reducing inflammatory adipokines in obese children and adolescents.
Mental journey to the future and memory for future thoughts during the COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: Migueles Seco Malen , Aizpurua Sanz Alaitz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes the production and recall of future thoughts during the COVID‐19 lockdown. Participants were free to produce future thoughts (Experiment 1) or received cues to promote production (Experiment 2), and then were asked to recall as many of the future thoughts produced as possible. The Valence (positive vs. negative) and the Event Type (personal vs. collective) thoughts were considered. In production and recall, there were no global differences between the positive and negative thoughts in Experiment 1, whereas in Experiment 2 the cues led to more positive than negative ones. More importantly, a Valence × Event Type interaction was observed in both experiments for production and recall data, indicating a positivity bias for personal and a negativity bias for collective future thinking. These findings contribute to a better understanding of mental time travel in situations as complex as the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Effect of Romosozumab Treatment in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis and Knee Osteoarthritis: Results From a Substudy of a Phase 3 Clinical Trial
Authors: Lane Nancy E. , Betah Donald , Deignan Cynthia , Oates Mary , Wang Zhenxun , Timoshanko Jen , Khan Aliya A. , Binkley Neil 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveRomosozumab is a bone‐forming agent approved for osteoporosis treatment. Here we report results of the protocol‐specified, noninferiority osteoarthritis substudy of the fracture study in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (FRAME), which evaluated the effect of romosozumab versus placebo on knee osteoarthritis in patients with a clinical history of osteoarthritis.MethodsWomen in FRAME with a history of knee osteoarthritis were eligible for enrollment in the osteoarthritis substudy; key inclusion criteria were osteoarthritis‐related signal knee pain, morning stiffness lasting less than 30 minutes, knee crepitus, and knee osteoarthritis confirmed by x‐ray within 12 months. The protocol‐specified outcomes were change from baseline through month 12 in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, incidence of worsening knee osteoarthritis, and treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) with romosozumab versus placebo. In a post hoc analysis, percentage change from baseline to month 12 in bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed.ResultsOf 7180 women in FRAME, 347 participated in the osteoarthritis substudy (placebo, 177; romosozumab, 170). At month 12, no significant difference in progression of knee osteoarthritis was observed with romosozumab versus placebo (least squares mean total WOMAC score: –2.2 vs. –1.3; P = 0.71). Incidence of worsening symptoms of knee osteoarthritis was comparable between romosozumab (17.1%) and placebo (20.5%) (odds ratio 0.9 [95% confidence interval: 0.5, 1.7]; P = 0.69). Incidence of TEAEs of osteoarthritis was numerically lower with romosozumab (13 [7.7%]) versus placebo (21 [12.0%]). BMD gains were higher with romosozumab.ConclusionRomosozumab treatment did not impact knee pain or function in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and knee osteoarthritis and resulted in significant BMD gains in these women.
Red Phosphorus Grafted High‐Index (116) Faceted Anatase TiO2 for Z‐Scheme Photocatalytic Pure Water Splitting
Authors: Zhu Yukun , Ren Jun , Huang Guiqing , Dong Chung‐Li , Huang Yu‐Cheng , Lu Ping , Tang Hua , Liu Yiming , Shen Shaohua , Yang Dongjiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRed phosphorus (RP) is an emerging visible‐light‐responsive photocatalyst, yet the rapid charge recombination has limited photocatalytic hydrogen production activity. In this work, a Z‐scheme heterostructure with RP nanolayer coated on high‐index (116) faceted anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2@RP) is designed and fabricated via chemical vapor deposition. Compared with pristine TiO2 and RP, the optimized TiO2@RP Z‐scheme heterostructure exhibits a significantly boosted photocatalytic activity for pure water splitting, with hydrogen evolution rate reaching 12.9 µmol·h−1, under simulated solar light irradiation. The strong interfacial interaction and staggered band alignment between (116) faceted TiO2 and RP result in the formation of built‐in electric field, which can drive the directional charge migration from the conduction band (CB) of TiO2 to the valance band (VB) of RP under light irradiation, with photoelectrons and holes of high redox ability maintained at the CB of RP and the VB of TiO2, respectively. This well‐designed heterostructure greatly promotes photogenerated charge separation and migration via a direct Z‐scheme charge transfer pathway.
Facile Physicochemical Reprogramming of PEG‐Dithiolane Microgels
Authors: Nelson Benjamin R. , Kirkpatrick Bruce E. , Skillin Nathaniel P. , Di Caprio Nikolas , Lee Joshua S. , Hibbard Lea Pearl , Hach Grace K. , Khang Alex , White Timothy J. , Burdick Jason A. , Bowman Christopher N. , Anseth Kristi S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGranular biomaterials have found widespread applications in tissue engineering, in part because of their inherent porosity, tunable properties, injectability, and 3D printability. However, the assembly of granular hydrogels typically relies on spherical microparticles and more complex particle geometries have been limited in scope, often requiring templating of individual microgels by microfluidics or in‐mold polymerization. Here, we use dithiolane‐functionalized synthetic macromolecules to fabricate photopolymerized microgels via batch emulsion, and then harness the dynamic disulfide crosslinks to rearrange the network. Through unconfined compression between parallel plates in the presence of photoinitiated radicals, we transform the isotropic microgels are transformed into disks. Characterizing this process, we find that the areas of the microgel surface in contact with the compressive plates are flattened while the curvature of the uncompressed microgel boundaries increases. When cultured with C2C12 myoblasts, cells localize to regions of higher curvature on the disk‐shaped microgel surfaces. This altered localization affects cell‐driven construction of large supraparticle scaffold assemblies, with spherical particles assembling without specific junction structure while disk microgels assemble preferentially on their curved surfaces. These results represent a unique spatiotemporal process for rapid reprocessing of microgels into anisotropic shapes, providing new opportunities to study shape‐driven mechanobiological cues during and after granular hydrogel assembly.
Cobra Hemagglutinin and cGAMP Loaded Ace‐Dex Microparticles Provide a Broadly Active and Shelf‐Stable Influenza Vaccine Platform
Authors: Hendy Dylan A. , Pena Erik S. , Batty Cole J. , Ontiveros‐Padilla Luis , III John A. Roque , Dixon Timothy A. , Middleton Denzel D. , Carlock Michael A. , Ross Ted M. , Bachelder Eric M. , Ainslie Kristy M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCurrent FDA‐approved influenza vaccines are limited by variable year to year efficacy, low immunogenicity, and poor stability outside of cold‐chain storage. Polymeric microparticles can overcome many of these issues to provide an improved influenza vaccine platform. Here, an acetalated dextran microparticle platform is used to encapsulate a broadly active influenza COBRA immunogen and the adjuvant cGAMP. Microparticles are fabricated via the highly scalable electrospray method. Mice vaccinated with acetalated dextran microparticles loaded with COBRA and cGAMP produced antibodies with the ability to neutralize antigenically distinct influenza viruses. The microparticles also induced a potent cellular response against the COBRA immunogen. Finally, after storage for 3 months at 40 °C or 6 months at 24 °C, the microparticles produced as strong of an immune response as microparticles stored at −20 °C for the same amount of time. Overall, acetalated dextran microparticles provide a promising platform for a broadly active influenza vaccine.
STAG2 Regulates Homologous Recombination Repair and Sensitivity to ATM Inhibition
Authors: Zhou Jie , Nie Run‐Cong , He Zhang‐Ping , Cai Xiao‐Xia , Chen Jie‐Wei , Lin Wen‐ping , Yin Yi‐Xin , Xiang Zhi‐Cheng , Zhu Tian‐Chen , Xie Juan‐Juan , Zhang You‐Cheng , Wang Xin , Lin Peng , Xie Dan , D'Andrea Alan D , Cai Mu‐Yan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStromal antigen 2 (STAG2), a subunit of the cohesin complex, is recurrently mutated in various tumors. However, the role of STAG2 in DNA repair and its therapeutic implications are largely unknown. Here it is reported that knockout of STAG2 results in increased double‐stranded breaks (DSBs) and chromosomal aberrations by reducing homologous recombination (HR) repair, and confers hypersensitivity to inhibitors of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATMi), Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase (PARPi), or the combination of both. Of note, the impaired HR by STAG2‐deficiency is mainly attributed to the restored expression of KMT5A, which in turn methylates H4K20 (H4K20me0) to H4K20me1 and thereby decreases the recruitment of BRCA1‐BARD1 to chromatin. Importantly, STAG2 expression correlates with poor prognosis of cancer patients. STAG2 is identified as an important regulator of HR and a potential therapeutic strategy for STAG2‐mutant tumors is elucidated.
All Carbon Helicenes and π‐Extended Helicene Derivatives
Authors: Peng Li‐Jun , Wang Xin‐Yue , Li Zhi‐Ao , Gong Han‐Yuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAtomic precise chiral molecules with all‐hydrocarbon backbones, such as helicenes and related π‐extended derivatives, attract critical interests due to their great application potential in many fields (e. g., chiral optical materials, asymmetric catalysis, and molecular machines). Herein, the main development of these molecules in the past decade was summarizes, including enantioselective synthesis of helicenes, helicene with extension along with perpendicular to the helical axis, as well as π‐extended following both directions, namely along with helix axis and perpendicular to the helical axis direction.
C−N Bond Formation Using Paraformaldehyde as C1 Source – Recent Advances
Authors: Guo Zhiqiang , Wu Jinglong , Wei Xuehong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecently, polyformaldehyde (PFA) has been used as C1 source to synthesize a series of value‐added compounds due to its low price, stability, low level of toxicity and easy operation. Exploiting paraformaldehyde as C1 source, rather than using traditional methylation reagent to develop benign N‐methylation reactions, can be more environment‐friendly and make the chemical industry more sustainable. In this paper, the chemical transformation of polyformaldehyde and a new strategy of methylating polyformaldehyde with amine compound to methylamine compound are reviewed. These methods will provide a reference for researchers to synthesize a large number of methylamine compounds in a short reaction by using paraformaldehyde as a single carbon source.
LHYMO: A new Water Framework Directive‐compliant multimetric index to assess lake hydromorphology and its application to French lakes
Authors: Carriere Alexandra , Reynaud Nathalie , Gay Aurore , Baudoin Jean‐Marc , Argillier Christine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Hydromorphology provides a physical framework for aquatic biocenoses. Its condition directly affects the quality of habitats available for fauna and flora, and its assessment is therefore useful for biodiversity and water quality conservation, as well as for restoration programmes required by European and national directives.
In this study, a site‐specific index of Lake HYdroMOrphology, LHYMO, was developed to provide a quantitative assessment of the hydromorphological status of natural and non‐natural lakes that is consistent with European Committee for Standardization (CEN) standards and that can be used for different purposes, including the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and of the Habitats Directive.
This new LHYMO index includes nine metrics related to the morphological WFD quality elements (QEs) and six metrics related to the hydrological WFD QEs, all of which are considered to support biological elements. The reference conditions were defined for each metric using an original approach: the degree of alteration is measured in relation to the natural characteristics of each lake, relative to a state that ‘would be expected in the absence of disturbances’.
Besides its use for regulatory purposes, this index is also a suitable tool for monitoring the efficacy of hydromorphological restoration projects or to help target effective conservation measures on lakes.
Application of this index to 72 French lakes provides the first quantitative and homogeneous assessment of the hydromorphological quality of lakes over a whole territory and gives the first overview of the hydromorphological status of lakes in France, with classification into five classes ranging from ‘high’ to ‘bad’.
LHYMO is already operational for large French lakes as it relies mostly on reference datasets available at a national scale, and it may also be used in a wider scope through gathering or completing data from other sources.