bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug therapies for obstructive sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Nobre Maria Luisa , Sarmento Ayane Cristine Alves , Medeiros Kleyton Santos , Serquiz Nicoli , Júnior José Diniz , Gonçalves Ana Katherine 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disorder that can affect the quality of life and increase the risk for psychiatric, neurological and cardiometabolic diseases. Despite the significant burden, it poses on health and well-being, there is a lack of evidence regarding the use of drug therapies in these patients. This work aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatment alternatives for patients with OSA.Methods and analysisDatabases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS, Scopus, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov, will be used for the search. A search strategy was developed to retrieve clinical trials that have evaluated polysomnographic primary outcome (Apnoea-Hypopnoea index) and secondary outcomes (eg, daytime sleepiness, adverse events) of any drug therapy used for OSA. No date or language restrictions will be applied. Two authors will independently select the studies meeting the inclusion criteria by screening the title, abstract and full text. Data will be extracted, and the risk of bias will be evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Review Manager V.5.4.1 will be used for data synthesis. The Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to assess the strength of the evidence.Ethics and disseminationAs a review of published data, it is not necessary to obtain ethical approval. The findings of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022362639.
Multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled trial to compare early intervention with calcimimetics and conventional therapy in preventing coronary artery calcification in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (UPCOMING): a study protocol
Authors: Inaguma Daijo , Tatematsu Yoshitaka , Okamoto Naoki , Ogata Soshiro , Kawai Hideki , Watanabe Eiichi , Yuzawa Yukio , Hasegawa Midori , Tsuboi Naotake 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionCoronary artery and heart valve calcification is a risk factor for cardiovascular death in haemodialysis patients, so calcification prevention should be started as early as possible. Treatment with concomitant calcimimetics and low-dose vitamin D receptor activators (VDRAs) is available, but not enough evidence has been obtained on the efficacy of this regimen, particularly in patients with short dialysis duration. Therefore, this study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of early intervention with upacicalcet, a calcimimetic used to prevent coronary artery calcification in this patient population.Methods and analysisThis multicentre, open-label, randomised, parallel-group controlled study will compare an early intervention group, which received upacicalcet and a low-dose VDRA, with a conventional therapy group, which received a VDRA. The primary endpoint is a change in log coronary artery calcium volume score from baseline to 52 weeks. The main inclusion criteria are as follows: (1) age 18 years or older; (2) dialysis is planned or dialysis duration is less than 60 months; (3) intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) >240 pg/mL or whole PTH level>140 pg/mL; (4) serum-corrected calcium≥8.4 mg/dL and (5) Agatston score >30. The main exclusion criteria are as follows: (1) history of parathyroid intervention or fracture in the past 12 weeks; (2) history of myocardial infarction, stroke or leg amputation in the past 12 weeks; (3) history of coronary angioplasty and (4) heart failure of New York Heart Association class III or worse.Ethics and disseminationThe study will comply with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Japanese Clinical Trials Act. The study protocol has been approved by the Fujita Health University Certified Review Board (file no. CR22-052). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Study results will be presented in academic meetings and peer-reviewed academic journals.Trial registration numberjRCTs041220126.
Observational cohort investigating health outcomes and healthcare costs after metabolic and bariatric surgery: a study protocol
Authors: Gershuni Victoria , Wall-Wieler Elizabeth , Liu Yuki , Zheng Feibi , Altieri Maria S 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAs the rate of obesity increases, so does the incidence of obesity-related comorbidities. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is the most effective treatment for obesity, yet this treatment is severely underused. MBS can improve, resolve, and prevent the development of obesity-related comorbidities; this improvement in health also results in lower healthcare costs. The studies that have examined these outcomes are often limited by small sample sizes, reliance on outdated data, inconsistent definitions of outcomes, and the use of simulated data. Using recent real-world data, we will identify characteristics of individuals who qualify for MBS but have not had MBS and address the gaps in knowledge around the impact of MBS on health outcomes and healthcare costs.Methods and analysisUsing a large US employer-based retrospective claims database (Merative), we will identify all obese adults (21+) who have had a primary MBS from 2016 to 2021 and compare their characteristics and outcomes with obese adults who did not have an MBS from 2016 to 2021. Baseline demographics, health outcomes, and costs will be examined in the year before the index date, remission and new-onset comorbidities, and healthcare costs will be examined at 1 and 3 years after the index date.Ethics and disseminationAs this was an observational study of deidentified patients in the Merative database, Institutional Review Board approval and consent were exempt (in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Rule). An IRB exemption was approved by the wcg IRB (#13931684). Knowledge dissemination will include presenting results at national and international conferences, sharing findings with specialty societies, and publishing results in peer-reviewed journals. All data management and analytic code will be made available publicly to enable others to leverage our methods to verify and extend our findings.
Role of machine learning in the management of epilepsy: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Chang Richard Shek-kwan , Nguyen Shani , Chen Zhibin , Foster Emma , Kwan Patrick 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionMachine learning is a rapidly expanding field and is already incorporated into many aspects of medicine including diagnostics, prognostication and clinical decision-support tools. Epilepsy is a common and disabling neurological disorder, however, management remains challenging in many cases, despite expanding therapeutic options. We present a systematic review protocol to explore the role of machine learning in the management of epilepsy.Methods and analysisThis protocol has been drafted with reference to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for Protocols. A literature search will be conducted in databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. A PRISMA flow chart will be constructed to summarise the study workflow. As the scope of this review is the clinical application of machine learning, the selection of papers will be focused on studies directly related to clinical decision-making in management of epilepsy, specifically the prediction of response to antiseizure medications, development of drug-resistant epilepsy, and epilepsy surgery and neuromodulation outcomes. Data will be extracted following the CHecklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modelling Studies checklist. Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool will be used for the quality assessment of the included studies. Syntheses of quantitative data will be presented in narrative format.Ethics and disseminationAs this study is a systematic review which does not involve patients or animals, ethics approval is not required. The results of the systematic review will be submitted to peer-review journals for publication and presented in academic conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023442156.
Effects of a multicomponent physical activity programme, Mobility-Fit, compared with a standard care lower limb strengthening programme, to promote safe mobility among older adults in care facilities: protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yang Yijian , Zeng Ziwei , van Schooten Kimberley S , Sum Raymond Kim-wai , Shen Jiahao , Ho Cheuk-yin , Chan Ka-po , Cheong Debbie 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionUpper limb and core strength training is essential for older adults to safely perform daily activities. However, existing exercise programmes mainly focus on lower limb strength and are not designed or delivered to suit people with different functional capacities. This study describes the design of a two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial to examine the effects of a multicomponent physical activity (PA) programme, Mobility-Fit, on mobility and frailty in older adults living in care facilities.Methods and analysis160 older adults from 20 care facilities in Hong Kong will be recruited and randomised by care facilities (1:1) to an intervention or a control group. Participants in the intervention group will attend the Mobility-Fit programme, led by facility-based instructors, three times per week, 45 min per session, for 12 weeks, while the control group will participate in a standard care lower limb strengthening programme offered by the care facility. Participants will then be followed up for 9 months. Mobility-Fit comprises agility, postural coordination, balance and strength training, with suitable dosage based on participant’s baseline physical and cognitive function. The primary outcomes encompass upper and lower limb strength, trunk stability, reaction time, mobility function and fall efficacy. Secondary outcomes comprise daily PA level and performance, frailty, cognitive function and quality of life. A repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and generalised estimating equation (GEE) will be used to examine changes in outcomes over time and between groups. Data will be analysed following the intention-to-treat principles. We will also evaluate programme implementation and health economics throughout the follow-up period.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was acquired in November 2022 from the Joint CUHK-NTEC Clinical Research Ethics Committee in Hong Kong (CREC-2022-459). Informed consent will be obtained from participants. The results of the study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed articles, conference presentations and social media.Trial registration numberChiCTR2300072709.
Liver abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection in children 1 to 10 years of age
Authors: Terebuh Pauline , Olaker Veronica R , Kendall Ellen K , Kaelber David C , Xu Rong , Davis Pamela B 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveBeginning in October 2021 in the USA and elsewhere, cases of severe paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology were identified in young children. While the adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus have emerged as leading aetiological suspects, we attempted to investigate a potential role for SARS-CoV-2 in the development of subsequent liver abnormalities.DesignWe conducted a study using retrospective cohorts of deidentified, aggregated data from the electronic health records of over 100 million patients contributed by US healthcare organisations.ResultsCompared with propensity score matched children with other respiratory infections, children aged 1–10 years with COVID-19 had a higher risk of elevated transaminases (HR (95% CI) 2.16 (1.74 to 2.69)) or total bilirubin (HR (95% CI) 3.02 (1.91 to 4.78)), or new diagnoses of liver diseases (HR (95% CI) 1.67 (1.21 to 2.30)) from 1 to 6 months after infection. Patients with pre-existing liver abnormalities, liver abnormalities surrounding acute infection, younger age (1–4 years) or illness requiring hospitalisation all had similarly elevated risk. Children who developed liver abnormalities following COVID-19 had more pre-existing conditions than those who developed abnormalities following other infections.ConclusionThese results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 may prime the patient for subsequent development of liver infections or non-infectious liver diseases. While rare (~1 in 1000), SARS-CoV-2 is a risk for subsequent abnormalities in liver function or the diagnosis of diseases of the liver.
Peer support-based online education, burden of care and quality of life among family caregivers of patients with leukaemia: non-randomised clinical trial
Authors: Keramatikerman Mehrnaz , Varaei Shokoh , Vaezi Mohammad , Sayadi Leila 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThe responsibility of caring for patients with leukaemia places a heavy burden on family caregivers (FCs) and negatively impacts their quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to investigate the effects of peer support (PS)-based online education programme on the burden of care (BoC) and QoL of FCs of patients with leukaemia.MethodsThis before-after study involved a total of 80 eligible FCs of patients with leukaemia (40 individuals per group). The participants received the necessary information from a researcher and peers through online sessions and WhatsApp group. To collect data, the Zarit Burden Interview and the Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer (CQOLC) had been been completed once before the intervention and once 1 month after the intervention.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the two groups regarding baseline variables except the mean BoC that was significantly higher in the intervention group (IG) (p<0.001). However, after controlling for the effects of confounding variables, the mean BoC score of participants in IG was significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.001). Additionally, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of CQOLC before (p=0.178) and after (p=0.538) the intervention.ConclusionThe PS-based online education programme had a positive impact on reducing the care burden of FCs of patients with leukaemia. This programme can effectively reduce costs, particularly during emergencies and crises such as pandemics, as it eliminates the need for FCs and peers to physically visit hospitals.RegistrationThe study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on 18 July 2021 (IRCT registration number: IRCT20210507051209N1).
The null circular geodesic outside the spherically symmetric asymptotically flat hairy black hole is not stable
Authors: Mazharimousavi S. Habib 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, we explicitly prove that the null circular orbit outside the spherically symmetric asymptotically flat hairy black hole is not stable. Although, if there is more than one external light ring at least one of them is stable. The existence of such geodesics has been proved in the recent work of Hod as well as Peng whereas its stability was left uncommented.
New anisotropic Gauss–Bonnet black holes in five dimensions at the critical point
Authors: Peng Yuxuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe obtain new vacuum static black hole solutions with anisotropic horizons in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity with a negative cosmological constant in five dimensions. The translational invariance along one direction on the 3-dimensional horizon cross section is broken. The Gauss–Bonnet coupling $$\alpha $$
α
is at the critical point where there is one single AdS vacuum. These solutions does not appear in the form of a warped product, i.e. they lack a common warping factor, and the metric contains 2 arbitrary functions, h(r) of the radial coordinate r and H(y) of the horizon coordinate y – some degeneracy in the metric. The nontrivial horizon and the degeneracy may be closely related to the critical value of $$\alpha $$
α
. We introduce the process of obtaining the solutions and some of their properties, and also prove a uniqueness theorem for the case when there is a common warping factor for the rest two directions.
Spectral Total-variation Processing of Shapes—Theory and Applications
Authors: Brokman Jonathan , Burger Martin , Gilboa Guy 
Published: January 2024

We present a comprehensive analysis of total variation (TV) on non-Euclidean domains and its eigenfunctions. We specifically address parameterized surfaces, a natural representation of the shapes used in 3D graphics. Our work sheds new light on the celebrated Beltrami and Anisotropic TV flows and explains experimental findings from recent years on shape spectral TV [Fumero et al.
2020
] and adaptive anisotropic spectral TV [Biton and Gilboa
2022
]. A new notion of convexity on surfaces is derived by characterizing structures that are stable throughout the TV flow, performed on surfaces. We establish and numerically demonstrate quantitative relationships between TV, area, eigenvalue, and eigenfunctions of the TV operator on surfaces. Moreover, we expand the shape spectral TV toolkit to include zero-homogeneous flows, leading to efficient and versatile shape processing methods. These methods are exemplified through applications in smoothing, enhancement, and exaggeration filters. We introduce a novel method that, for the first time, addresses the shape deformation task using TV. This deformation technique is characterized by the concentration of deformation along geometrical bottlenecks, shown to coincide with the discontinuities of eigenfunctions. Overall, our findings elucidate recent experimental observations in spectral TV, provide a diverse framework for shape filtering, and present the first TV-based approach to shape deformation.
Pan-Cancer Comparative and Integrative Analyses of Driver Alterations Using Japanese and International Genomic Databases
Authors: Horie Sara , Saito Yuki , Kogure Yasunori , Mizuno Kota , Ito Yuta , Tabata Mariko , Kanai Takanori , Murakami Koichi , Koya Junji , Kataoka Keisuke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Using 48,627 samples from the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics (C-CAT), we present a pan-cancer landscape of driver alterations and their clinical actionability in Japanese patients. Comparison with White patients in Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange (GENIE) demonstrates high TP53 mutation frequencies in Asian patients across multiple cancer types. Integration of C-CAT, GENIE, and The Cancer Genome Atlas data reveals many cooccurring and mutually exclusive relationships between driver mutations. At pathway level, mutations in epigenetic regulators frequently cooccur with PI3K pathway molecules. Furthermore, we found significant cooccurring mutations within the epigenetic pathway. Accumulation of mutations in epigenetic regulators causes increased proliferation-related transcriptomic signatures. Loss-of-function of many epigenetic drivers inhibits cell proliferation in their wild-type cell lines, but this effect is attenuated in those harboring mutations of not only the same but also different epigenetic drivers. Our analyses dissect various genetic properties and provide valuable resources for precision medicine in cancer.

Significance:
We present a genetic landscape of 26 principal cancer types/subtypes, including Asian-prevalent ones, in Japanese patients. Multicohort data integration unveils numerous cooccurring and exclusive relationships between driver mutations, identifying cooccurrence of multiple mutations in epigenetic regulators, which coordinately cause transcriptional and phenotypic changes. These findings provide insights into epigenetic regulator–driven oncogenesis.
This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 695
Lymph Node–Targeted Vaccine Boosting of TCR T-cell Therapy Enhances Antitumor Function and Eradicates Solid Tumors
Authors: Drakes Dylan J. , Abbas Abdulraouf M. , Shields Jacqueline , Steinbuck Martin P. , Jakubowski Aniela , Seenappa Lochana M. , Haqq Christopher M. , DeMuth Peter C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR)–modified T-cell therapies have shown promise against solid tumors, but overall therapeutic benefits have been modest due in part to suboptimal T-cell persistence and activation in vivo, alongside potential tumor antigen escape. In this study, we demonstrate an approach to enhance the in vivo persistence and function of TCR T cells through combination with Amphiphile (AMP) vaccination including cognate TCR T peptides. AMP modification improves lymph node targeting of conjugated tumor immunogens and adjuvants, thereby coordinating a robust T cell–activating endogenous immune response. AMP vaccine combination with TCR T-cell therapy led to complete eradication and durable responses against established murine solid tumors refractory to TCR T-cell monotherapy. Enhanced antitumor efficacy was correlated with simultaneous in vivo invigoration of adoptively transferred TCR T cells and in situ expansion of the endogenous antitumor T-cell repertoire. Long-term protection against tumor recurrence in AMP-vaccinated mice was associated with antigen spreading to additional tumor-associated antigens not targeted by vaccination. AMP vaccination further correlated with pro-inflammatory lymph node transcriptional reprogramming and increased antigen presenting–cell maturation, resulting in TCR T-cell expansion and functional enhancement in lymph nodes and solid tumor parenchyma without lymphodepletion. In vitro evaluation of AMP peptides with matched human TCR T cells targeting NY-ESO-1, mutant KRAS, and HPV16 E7 illustrated the clinical potential of AMP vaccination to enhance human TCR T-cell proliferation, activation, and antitumor activity. Taken together, these studies provide rationale and evidence to support clinical evaluation of combining AMP vaccination with TCR T-cell therapies to augment antitumor activity.
Energy management strategy for photovoltaic powered hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles
Authors: Ramanjaneyulu Korada Seetha , Brinda Rajamony , Dhanusu Soubache Irissappane 
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, electric vehicles (EVs) using additional energy sources frequently deliver a safe ride without concern about the distance. The energy sources including a battery, an ultra-capacitor (UC), and a photovoltaic (PV) are considered in this research for driving the EV. Vehicles that only use battery-oriented technologies experience problems with charging and quick battery discharge. EVs are used with an ultracapacitor to decrease the quick discharge effects and increase the lifetime of the battery. Furthermore, bidirectional DC-DC converters are a type of power electronics device used to verify the smooth transfer of generated power from energy sources to the motor throughout various stages of the driving cycle. Therefore, this study proposes a perturb and observe (P&amp;O) energy management control technique based on tuna swarm optimization (TSO). The suggested TSO-P&amp;O completely uses UC while regulating the battery because it lowers dynamic battery charging and discharging currents. Due to the aforementioned aspect, the suggested TSO-P&amp;O increases battery life and demonstrates a very dependable, long range power source for an electric car. The TSO-P&amp;O technique achieves the EVs by obtaining the maximum speed of 91.93 km/hr. with a quicker settling time of 4,930 ms when compared with the existing zero-fuel zero-emission (ZFZE) method.