bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LNP-RNA-engineered adipose stem cells for accelerated diabetic wound healing
Authors: Xue Yonger , Zhang Yuebao , Zhong Yichen , Du Shi , Hou Xucheng , Li Wenqing , Li Haoyuan , Wang Siyu , Wang Chang , Yan Jingyue , Kang Diana D. , Deng Binbin , McComb David W. , Irvine Darrell J. , Weiss Ron , Dong Yizhou 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdipose stem cells (ASCs) have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents due to their ability to promote tissue regeneration. However, their limited tissue repair capability has posed a challenge in achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Herein, we conceive a series of lipid nanoparticles to reprogram ASCs with durable protein secretion capacity for enhanced tissue engineering and regeneration. In vitro studies identify that the isomannide-derived lipid nanoparticles (DIM1T LNP) efficiently deliver RNAs to ASCs. Co-delivery of self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) and E3 mRNA complex (the combination of saRNA and E3 mRNA is named SEC) using DIM1T LNP modulates host immune responses against saRNAs and facilitates the durable production of proteins of interest in ASCs. The DIM1T LNP-SEC engineered ASCs (DS-ASCs) prolong expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), which show superior wound healing efficacy over their wild-type and DIM1T LNP-mRNA counterparts in the diabetic cutaneous wound model. Overall, this work suggests LNPs as an effective platform to engineer ASCs with enhanced protein generation ability, expediting the development of ASCs-based cell therapies.
Quantum state preparation of normal distributions using matrix product states
Authors: Iaconis Jason , Johri Sonika , Zhu Elton Yechao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractState preparation is a necessary component of many quantum algorithms. In this work, we combine a method for efficiently representing smooth differentiable probability distributions using matrix product states with recently discovered techniques for initializing quantum states to approximate matrix product states. Using this, we generate quantum states encoding a class of normal probability distributions in a trapped ion quantum computer for up to 20 qubits. We provide an in depth analysis of the different sources of error which contribute to the overall fidelity of this state preparation procedure. Our work provides a study in quantum hardware for scalable distribution loading, which is the basis of a wide range of algorithms that provide quantum advantage.
Differential recruitment of brain circuits during fear extinction in non-stressed compared to stress resilient animals
Authors: Pearson-Leary Jiah , Abramenko Alexander P. , Estela-Pro Valerie , Feindt-Scott Elizabeth , Yan Jason , Vigderman Abigail , Luz Sandra , Bangasser Debra , Ross Richard , Kubin Leszek , Bhatnagar Seema 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDysfunctional fear responses in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be partly explained by an inability to effectively extinguish fear responses elicited by trauma-related cues. However, only a subset of individuals exposed to traumatic stress develop PTSD. Therefore, studying fear extinction deficits in animal models of individual differences could help identify neural substrates underlying vulnerability or resilience to the effects of stress. We used a rat model of social defeat in which rats segregate into passively and actively coping rats. In previous work, we showed that passively coping rats exhibit disruptions in social interaction whereas actively coping rats do not display behaviors differently from controls, indicating their resilience. Here, adult male rats exposed to 7 days of social defeat were tested for fear extinction, retention of extinction, and persistence of retention using contextual fear and ethologically-relevant fear tests. Passively coping rats exhibited elevated freezing in response to the previously extinguished context. Analyses of cFos expressing cells across select brain regions showed high correlations within dorsal hippocampal subregions, while passively coping rats had high correlations between the dorsal hippocampus CA1 and the central and basolateral subregions of the amygdala. Importantly, although control and actively coping rats showed similar levels of behavioral extinction, there was little similarity between activated structures, suggesting stress resilience in response to chronic social defeat involves an adaptive differential recruitment of brain circuits to successfully extinguish fear memories.
Fluorescent polymer as a biosensing tool for the diagnosis of microbial pathogens
Authors: Krishnan Selvi , Jose Stephen , Periyasamy Bhuvana K. , Angayarkanny S. , Bensingh R. Joseph 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiseases and diagnoses are predominant in the human population. Early diagnosis of etiological agents plays a vital role in the treatment of bacterial infections. Existing standard diagnostic platforms are laborious, time-consuming, and require trained personnel and cost-effective procedure, though they are producing promising results. These shortcomings have led to a thirst for rapid diagnostic procedures. Fluorescence-based diagnosis is one of the efficient rapid diagnostic methods that rely on specific and sensitive bacterial detection. Emerging bio-sensing studies on conducting polymers (CPs) are gaining popularity in medical diagnostics due to their promising properties of high fluorescence efficiency, good light stability, and low cytotoxicity. Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV), is the first identified soluble polymer and model material for understanding the fundamental photophysics of conventional CPs. In this present study, MEH-PPV is used as a fluorescent dye for direct pathogen detection applications by interacting with the microbial cell surface. An optimized concentration of MEH-PPV solution used to confirm the presence of selective bacterial structures. The present study endeavours towards bacterial detection based on the emission from bacteria due to interfacial interaction between polymer and bacterial surface.
Knowledge as a key determinant of public support for autonomous vehicles
Authors: Tan Hao , Liu Jiayan , Chen Cong , Zhao Xue , Yang Jialuo , Tang Chao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAutonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to revolutionize transportation safety and mobility, but many people are still concerned about the safety of AVs and hesitate to use them. Here we survey 4112 individuals to explore the relationship between knowledge and public support for AVs. We find that AV support has a positive relationship with scientific literacy (objective knowledge about science) and perceived understanding of AV (self-assessed knowledge). Respondents who are supportive of AVs tended to have more objective AV knowledge (objective knowledge about AVs). Moreover, the results of further experiments show that increasing people's self-assessed knowledge or gaining additional objective AV knowledge may contribute to increasing their AV support. These findings therefore improve the understanding of the relationship between public knowledge levels and AV support, enabling policy-makers to develop better strategies for raising AV support, specifically, by considering the role of knowledge, which in turn may influence public behavioural intentions and lead to higher levels of AV acceptance.
Development of a pseudo-typed virus particle based method to determine the efficacy of virucidal agents
Authors: Thomas Jordan , Mughal Farah , Roper Kelly J. , Kotsiri Aurelia , Albalawi Wejdan , Alshehri Abdullateef , Reddy Yugandhar B. S. , Mukherjee Sayandip , Pollakis Georgios , Paxton William A. , Hoptroff Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe ongoing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has highlighted the threat that viral outbreaks pose to global health. A key tool in the arsenal to prevent and control viral disease outbreaks is disinfection of equipment and surfaces with formulations that contain virucidal agents (VA). However, assessment of the efficacy of virus inactivation often requires live virus assays or surrogate viruses such as Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA), which can be expensive, time consuming and technically challenging. Therefore, we have developed a pseudo-typed virus (PV) based approach to assess the inactivation of enveloped viruses with a fast and quantitative output that can be adapted to emerging viruses. Additionally, we have developed a method to completely remove the cytotoxicity of virucidal agents while retaining the required sensitivity to measure PV infectivity. Our results indicated that the removal of cytotoxicity was an essential step to accurately measure virus inactivation. Further, we demonstrated that there was no difference in susceptibility to virus inactivation between PVs that express the envelopes of HIV-1, SARS-CoV-2, and Influenza A/Indonesia. Therefore, we have developed an effective and safe alternative to live virus assays that enables the rapid assessment of virucidal activity for the development and optimization of virucidal reagents.
Fabrication, structural, and enhanced mechanical behavior of MgO substituted PMMA composites for dental applications
Authors: Kumari Savita , Mishra Rajat Kumar , Parveen Shama , Avinashi Sarvesh Kumar , Hussain Ajaz , Kumar Saurabh , Banerjee Monisha , Rao Jitendra , Kumar Rupesh , Gautam Rakesh Kumar , Gautam Chandkiram 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe most common denture material used for dentistry is poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA). Usually, the polymeric PMMA material has numerous biological, mechanical and cost-effective shortcomings. Hence, to resolve such types of drawbacks, attempts have been made to investigate fillers of the PMMA like alumina (Al2O3), silica (SiO2), zirconia (ZrO2) etc. For the enhancement of the PMMA properties a suitable additive is required for its orthopedic applications. Herein, the main motive of this study was to synthesize a magnesium oxide (MgO) reinforced polymer-based hybrid nano-composites by using heat cure method with superior optical, biological and mechanical characteristics. For the structural and vibrational studies of the composites, XRD and FT-IR were carried out. Herein, the percentage of crystallinity for all the fabricated composites were also calculated and found to be 14.79–30.31. Various physical and optical parameters such as density, band gap, Urbach energy, cutoff energy, cutoff wavelength, steepness parameter, electron–phonon interaction, refractive index, and optical dielectric constant were also studied and their values are found to be in the range of 1.21–1.394 g/cm3, 5.44–5.48 eV, 0.167–0.027 eV, 5.68 eV, 218 nm, 0.156–0.962, 4.273–0.693, 1.937–1.932, and 3.752–3.731 respectively. To evaluate the mechanical properties like compressive strength, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the composites a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) was used and their values were 60.3 and 101 MPa, 78 and 40.3 MPa, 5.85 and 9.8 MPa-m1/2 respectively. Tribological tests of the composites were also carried out. In order to check the toxicity, MTT assay was also carried out for the PM0 and PM15 [(x)MgO + (100 − x) (C5O2H8)n] (x = 0 and 15) composites. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the structural, physical, optical, and biological features of the fabricated PMMA-MgO composites, highlighting the potential of the PM15 composite with its enhanced density, mechanical strength, and excellent biocompatibility for denture applications.
Severe and frequent extreme weather events undermine economic adaptation gains of tree-species diversification
Authors: Fuchs Jasper M. , Husmann Kai , Schick Jan , Albert Matthias , Lintunen Jussi , Paul Carola 
Published: January 2024

AbstractForests and their provision of ecosystem services are endangered by climate change. Tree-species diversification has been identified as a key adaptation strategy to balance economic risks and returns in forest stands. Yet, whether this synergy between ecology and economics persists under large-scale extreme weather events remains unanswered. Our model accounts for both, small-scale disturbances in individual stands and extreme weather events that cause spatio-temporally correlated disturbances in a large number of neighboring stands. It economically optimizes stand-type allocations in a large forest enterprise with multiple planning units. Novel components are: spatially explicit site heterogeneity and a comparison of economic diversification strategies under local and regionally coordinated planning by simplified measures for $$\alpha$$
α
, $$\beta$$
β
, and $$\gamma$$
γ
-diversity of stand types. $$\alpha$$
α
-diversity refers to the number and evenness of stand types in local planning units, $$\beta$$
β
-diversity to the dissimilarity of the species composition across planning units, and $$\gamma$$
γ
-diversity to the number and evenness of stand types in the entire enterprise. Local planning led to stand-type diversification within planning units ($$\alpha$$
α
-diversity), while regionally coordinated planning led to diversification across planning units ($$\beta$$
β
-diversity). We observed a trend towards homogenization of stand-type composition likely selected under economic objectives with increasing extreme weather events. No diversification strategy fully buffered the adverse economic consequences. This led to fatalistic decisions, i.e., selecting stand types with low investment risks but also low resistance to disturbances. The resulting forest structures indicate potential adverse consequences for other ecosystem services. We conclude that high tree-species diversity may not necessarily buffer economic consequences of extreme weather events. Forest policies reducing forest owners’ investment risks are needed to establish stable forests that provide multiple ecosystem services.
Preoperative risk factors associated with left ventricular dysfunction after bariatric surgery
Authors: Grymyr Lisa M. D. , Mellgren Gunnar , McCann Adrian , Gerdts Eva , Meyer Klaus , Nadirpour Saied , Fernø Johan , Nedrebø Bjørn G. , Cramariuc Dana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA large proportion of patients with severe obesity remain with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after bariatric surgery. We assessed whether preoperative evaluation by echocardiography and inflammatory proteins can identify this high-risk group. In the Bariatric Surgery on the West Coast of Norway study, 75 patients (44 ± 10 years, body mass index [BMI] 41.5 ± 4.7 kg/m2) were prospectively evaluated by echocardiography and inflammatory proteins (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], serum amyloid A [SAA] and calprotectin) before and one year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. LV mechanics was assessed by the midwall shortening (MWS) and global longitudinal strain (GLS). Bariatric surgery improved BMI and GLS, and lowered hsCRP, calprotectin and SAA (p < 0.05). MWS remained unchanged and 35% of patients had impaired MWS at 1-year follow-up. A preoperative risk index including sex, hypertension, ejection fraction (EF) and high hsCRP (index 1) or SAA (index 2) predicted low 1-year MWS with 81% sensitivity/71% specificity (index 1), and 77% sensitivity/77% specificity (index 2) in ROC analyses (AUC 0.80 and 0.79, p < 0.001). Among individuals with severe obesity, women and patients with hypertension, increased serum levels of inflammatory proteins and reduced EF are at high risk of impaired LV midwall mechanics 1 year after bariatric surgery.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01533142 February 15, 2012.
Cutoffs of different body measurement indexes of central obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Luo Ai , Tang Zheng , Xu XiaoJia , Li Chao , Zhou Die , Xiao Dong , Lu Yongjie , Liang Rutao , Guan Guifen , Li Wangen , Hu Zhuoqing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFew research discuss whether the body measurement indexs of obesity in general populations is applicable to patients with type 2 diabetes. We explore the optimal cutoffs of visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) in the diagnosis of central obesity and the cutoffs of corresponding waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Cross-sectional cohort study. 1057 patients with T2D (550 males and 507 females) aged 18 or above that satisfied the criteria were included. The definition and diagnostic criteria of Metabolic syndrome (Mets) were analyzed according to the 2020 Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) Guideline. The VFA and SFA were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The optimal VFA and SFA cutoffs and corresponding WC and BMI when two or more nonadipose components of MetS (without central obesity) were met were analyzed by ROC curve. Among all of the T2D patients, the optimal VFA cutoff for identifying two or more nonadipose components of MetS was 73.30 cm2 for females and 69.20 cm2 for males, while the optimal SFA cutoff was 186.70 cm2 for females and 123.30 cm2 for males. The ROC area under curve (AUC) of VFA for identifying two or more nonadipose components of MetS was higher than that of SFA (Female: 0.65 vs. 0.58, P = 0.01). The VFA cutoff of newly diagnosed T2D patients (females = 86.10 cm2, males = 69.00 cm2) was higher than that of non-newly diagnosed T2D patients (females = 73.30 cm2, males = 65.40 cm2). A stratification analysis of gender and whether newly diagnosed with T2D or not showed that the WCs corresponding to VFA were 85.00 cm and BMI was about 24.00 kg/m2. VFA measured by BIA can be a non-invasive method to detect central obesity in patients with T2D, the corresponding WC were 85.00 cm and BMI was 24.00 kg/m2.
KLF15 transcriptionally activates LINC00689 to inhibit colorectal cancer development
Authors: Cao Yan , Li Jian , Zhang Gang , Fang Hao , Du Yongliang , Liang Yan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer is a grievous health concern, we have proved long non-coding RNA LINC00689 is considered as a potential diagnosis biomarker for colorectal cancer, and it is necessary to further investigate its upstream and downstream mechanisms. Here, we show that KLF15, a transcription factor, exhibits the reduced expression in colorectal cancer. KLF15 suppresses the proliferative and metastatic capacities of colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo by transcriptionally activating LINC00689. Subsequently, LINC00689 recruits PTBP1 protein to enhance the stability of LATS2 mRNA in the cytoplasm. This stabilization causes the suppression of the YAP1/β-catenin pathway and its target downstream genes. Our findings highlight a regulatory network involving KLF15, LINC00689, PTBP1, LATS2, and the YAP1/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer therapy.
Transient co-tuning of atomic Fe and nanoparticle facets for self-relaying Fenton-like catalysis
Authors: Luo Jiewen , Zhu Xiangdong , Yu Fengbo , Jia Chao , Liu Chao , Zhao Qing , Zhao Xiaoli , Wu Fengchang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFenton-like catalysts are important materials for degrading refractory organic pollutants, however, they still suffer from limited oxidizing ability. Although single atoms and nanoparticles with high-index facets are commonly used in catalysis, their high surface energy hinders controllable synthesis. Here, we construct an iron-based material containing both isolated single atoms and high-index faceted nanoparticles by carbon-assisted Flash Joule heating for organic pollutant remediation. The current-induced thermal shock benefits the excitation of iron atoms and subsequent trapping by graphene defects. At ultrahigh temperatures, the thermodynamic limitations are overcome, leading to nanoparticles with high-index facets. Density functional theory calculations indicate that hydroxyl radical production can be enhanced by self-relay catalysis via the ensemble effect between single atoms and high-index facet nanoparticles. The derived materials exhibit dramatically improved performance in terms of antibiotic removal and medical micropolluted water. Thus, this method presents an effective strategy for designing smart materials for organic wastewater purification.
Moderate-coherence sensing with optical cavities: ultra-high accuracy meets ultra-high measurement bandwidth and range
Authors: Dickmann Johannes , Shelling Neto Liam , Sauer Steffen , Kroker Stefanie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInterferometric sensors, renowned for their exceptional accuracy, leverage the wave properties of coherent electromagnetic radiation. The periodicity of the measurement signal often critically limits the measurement range of sensors utilizing interferometry. Here we introduce a cavity-based interferometry concept that capitalizes on a laser with moderate coherence, thereby combining ultra-high accuracy with ultra-high measurement bandwidth and range. To this end mid-fringe detection is combined with measurements of the interferometric visibility. We present experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach exemplarily for length sensing. Notably, our system achieves an accuracy of 1 nm with a measurement range of 120 μm (relative uncertainty of 0.00083 %) and a bandwidth ranging from 0 Hz to 20 kHz. These findings support advancements in high-precision sensing applications that demand simultaneous accuracy, measurement range and bandwidth.
Simulating radio-off fractions in rotating radio transients
Authors: Yuen R. 
Published: January 2024

Aims. We aim to simulate the proportions of non-detectable emission, measured as radio-off fractions (foff), in rotating radio transients (RRATs). We also investigate the properties related to the underlying mechanism for such sporadic emission.
Methods. From observations of intermittent pulsars, radio emission originates from two distinct emission states and it becomes non-detectable when the pulsar switches to an emission state characterized by magnetospheric plasma density of zero. We performed simulations of foff based on 10 000 samples, each with 10 000 rotations and using a model that tracks changes in the plasma density in a pulsar magnetosphere with multiple emission states. We assumed that (i) RRATs are radio pulsars, (ii) radio pulse intensity is correlated with the emitting plasma density as stated in the conventional models, and (iii) a pulse emission corresponds to a change in the plasma density under favorable conditions.
Results. A best-fit distribution for foff is obtained when emission from RRATs is defaulted to radio-off. The resulting wait time distribution can be fitted by two functions of an exponential and a Gaussian, which is consistent with the observations. We demonstrate that the switch rate is low and that the burst rate is dependent on rotation period. In addition, the switch rate is related to the obliquity angle, which implies that the mechanism varies over time. Our results suggest that switching to radio-on is a random process, which implies that the burst rate is different for different RRATs. We show that RRAT emission and pulse nulling may share similar origins, but with different default emission. We discuss how the emission may change from that of RRAT to pulse nulling (or vice versa) as a pulsar evolves.
Erratum to: Enhancing Asphalt Mixture Performance with Crumb Rubber: A Sustainable Solution for Improved Durability and Mechanical Properties
Authors: khadim Hawraa M. , Al-Mosawe Hasan M. 
Published: January 2024

The proceedings editor has inappropriately added two references to his own works without consulting the original authors.
The journal follows the principles set forth by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), including the principle that
editors should not publish changes to an author's piece of work without those changes having been agreed with and
approved by the author(s).
A reversion of the article without the two references has been published.