bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a model of photon-axion conversion in the host galaxy of GRB 221009A
Authors: Troitsky Sergey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
GRB 221009A was the brightest gamma-ray burst ever detected on Earth. In its early afterglow phase, photons with exceptional energies above 10 TeV were observed by LHAASO, and a photon-like air shower above 200 TeV was detected by Carpet-2. Gamma rays of very high energies can hardly reach us from the distant GRB because of pair production on cosmic background radiation. Though final results on the highest-energy photons from this GRB have not been published yet, a number of particle-physics solutions to this problem were discussed in recent months. One of the most popular ones invokes the mixing of photons with axion-like particles (ALPs). Whether this is a viable scenario, depends crucially on the magnetic fields along the line of sight, which are poorly known. Here, we use the results of recent Hubble Space Telescope observations of the host galaxy of GRB 221009A, combined with magnetic-field measurements and simulations for other galaxies, to construct a toy model of the host-galaxy magnetic field and to estimate the rate of the photon-axion conversion there. Thanks, in particular, to the exceptional edge-on orientation of the host galaxy, strong mixing appears to be natural, both for LHAASO and Carpet-2 energy bands, for a wide range of ALP masses m ≲ 10-5 eV and photon couplings g ≳ 10-11 GeV-1.
Search for GeV gamma-ray emission from SPT-SZ selected galaxy clusters with 15 years of Fermi-LAT data
Authors: Manna Siddhant , Desai Shantanu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Galaxy clusters could produce gamma-rays from inverse Compton scattering of cosmic ray electrons or hadronic interactions of cosmic ray protons with the intracluster medium. It is still an open question on whether gamma-ray emission (> GeV energies) has been detected from galaxy clusters. We carry out a systematic search for gamma-ray mission based on 300 galaxy clusters selected from the 2500 deg2 SPT-SZ survey after sorting them in descending order of M
500/z
2, using about 15 years of Fermi-LAT data in the energy range between 1–300 GeV. We were able to detect gamma-ray emission with significance of about 6.1σ from one cluster, viz. SPT-CL J2012-5649. The estimated photon energy flux from this cluster is approximately equal to 1.3 × 10-6 MeV cm-2 s-1. The gamma-ray signal is observed between 1–10 GeV with the best-fit spectral index equal to -3.61 ± 0.33. However, since there are six radio galaxies spatially coincident with SPT-CL J2012-5649 within the Fermi-LAT PSF, we cannot rule out the possibility this signal could be caused by some of these radio galaxies.
Six other SPT-SZ clusters show evidence for gamma-ray emission with significance between 3–5σ.
None of the remaining clusters show statistically significant evidence for gamma-ray emission.
Distinguishing thermal histories of dark matter from structure formation
Authors: Huang Fei , Li Yuan-Zhen , Yu Jiang-Hao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
It is important to understand the implications of current observational constraints and potential signatures on the thermal history of dark matter.
In this paper, we build the connection between the present-day velocities and the production mechanism of dark matter and find that the current observation on structure formation can be imposed to constrain the decoupling temperatures and the phase-space distribution of dark matter.
We further explore the potential of distinguishing different possible thermal histories of dark matter with hypothetical future observational data.
Using the freeze-in/-out scenarios as templates, we find that future precision data may uniquely identify the allowed parameter spaces for freeze-in and freeze-out, or even completely rule out one of the scenarios.
This method can be more generally applied to other scenarios.
On the stability of string-hole gas
Authors: Bitnaya Denis , Conzinu Pietro , Marozzi Giovanni 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Focusing on a string-hole gas within the pre-big bang scenario, we study the stability of its solutions in the phase space.
We firstly extend the analysis present in the literature relaxing the ideal-gas properties of the string-hole gas, taking into account a (bulk-) viscosity term. Then we consider the case of a theory described by a complete O(d,d)-invariant action up to all orders in
α'-corrections (the Hohm-Zwiebach action), studying the stability of the string-hole gas solution with or without the introduction of the viscosity term.
Furthermore, the bulk viscosity is also considered for two different first order α'-corrected actions: the Gasperini-Maggiore-Veneziano-action and the
Meissner-action.
The results obtained show how the viscosity can help to stabilize the string-hole gas solution, obtaining constraints on the equation of state of the gas.
cTBS over primary motor cortex increased contralateral corticomuscular coupling and interhemispheric functional connection
Authors: Xu Rui , Zhang Haichao , Liu Shizhong , Meng Lin , Ming Dong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective. Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that changes the activity of the cerebral cortex. Contralesional continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) has been proposed and verified beneficial to stroke motor recovery. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Approach. 20 healthy right-handed subjects were recruited in this study, receiving real-cTBS over their left primary motor cortex or sham-cTBS. We designed the finger tapping task (FTT) before and after stimulation and recorded the accuracy and reaction time (RT) of the task. The electroencephalogram and surface electromyogram signals were recorded during the left finger pinching task (FPT) before and after stimulation. We calculated cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) in the contralateral hemisphere and cortico-cortical coherence (CCC) in the bilateral hemisphere. The two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the effect of cTBS. Main results. In the FTT, there was a significant main effect of ‘time’ on RT (F(1, 38) = 24.739, p < 0.001). In the FPT, the results showed that there was a significant interaction effect on the CMC peak and area in the beta band (peak: F(1, 38) = 8.562, p = 0.006; area: F(1, 38) = 5.273, p = 0.027), on the CCC peak in the alpha band (F(1, 38) = 4.815, p = 0.034) and area in the beta band (F(1, 38) = 4.822, p= 0.034). The post hoc tests showed that the CMC peak (W = 20, p = 0.002), the CMC area (W = 13, p = 0.003) and the CCC peak (t = −2.696, p = 0.014) increased significantly after real-cTBS. However, there was no significant decrease or increase after sham-cTBS. Significance. Our study found that cTBS can improve CMC of contralateral hemisphere and CCC of bilateral hemisphere, indicating that cTBS can strengthen cortico-muscular and cortico-cortical coupling.
Subdiffusion in an array of solid obstacles
Authors: Postnikov Eugene B , Sokolov Igor M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
More than a decade ago, Goychuk reported on a universal behavior of subdiffusive motion (as described by the generalized Langevin equation) in a one-dimensional bounded periodic potential (Goychuk 2009 Phys. Rev. E 80 046125) where the numerical findings show that the long-time behavior of the mean squared displacement is not influenced by the potential, so that the behavior in the potential, under homogenization, is the same as in its absence. This property may break down if the potential is unbounded. In the present work, we report on the results of simulations of subdiffusion in a two-dimensional (2D) periodic array of solid obstacles (i.e. in an unbounded potential) with different packing fractions. It is revealed that the universal subdiffusive behavior at long times is not influenced by the presence of solid scatterers, whose presence influences the behavior at intermediate times only. This result is discussed as having possible relations to the emerging problem of interpretation of results on trajectories of tracers spreading in the brain’s extracellular space.
Towards a quadratic Poisson algebra for the subtracted classical monodromy of symmetric space sine-Gordon theories
Authors: Delduc F , Hoare B , Magro M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Symmetric space sine-Gordon theories are two-dimensional massive integrable field theories, generalising the sine-Gordon and complex sine-Gordon theories. To study their integrability properties on the real line, it is necessary to introduce a subtracted monodromy matrix. Moreover, since the theories are not ultralocal, a regularisation is required to compute the Poisson algebra for the subtracted monodromy. In this article, we regularise and compute this Poisson algebra for certain configurations, and show that it can both satisfy the Jacobi identity and imply the existence of an infinite number of conserved quantities in involution.
Exhaled breath is found to be better than blood samples for determining propofol concentrations in the brain tissues of rats
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Chang Pan , Liu Xing , Kang Yi , Zhao Zhongjun , Duan Yixiang , Liu Jin , Zhang Wensheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The correlation between propofol concentration in exhaled breath (C
E) and plasma (C
P) has been well-established, but its applicability for estimating the concentration in brain tissues (C
B) remains unknown. Given the impracticality of directly sampling human brain tissues, rats are commonly used as a pharmacokinetic model due to their similar drug-metabolizing processes to humans. In this study, we measured C
E, C
P, and C
B in mechanically ventilated rats injected with propofol. Exhaled breath samples from the rats were collected every 20 s and analyzed using our team’s developed vacuum ultraviolet time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Additionally, femoral artery blood samples and brain tissue samples at different time points were collected and measured using high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The results demonstrated that propofol concentration in exhaled breath exhibited stronger correlations with that in brain tissues compared to plasma levels, suggesting its potential suitability for reflecting anesthetic action sites’ concentrations and anesthesia titration. Our study provides valuable animal data supporting future clinical applications.
Effect of high-energy Ne ions irradiation on mechanical properties difference between Zr63.5Cu23Al9Fe4.5 metallic glass and crystalline W
Authors: LI 李 Na 娜 , ZHANG 张 Lisong 立松 , ZHANG 张 Xiaonan 小楠 , GONG 宫 Liyue 丽悦 , QIANG 羌 Jianbing 建兵 , MEI 梅 Xianxiu 显秀 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, high-energy Ne ions were used to irradiate Zr63.5Cu23Al9Fe4.5 metallic glass (MG) and crystalline W to investigate their difference in mechanical response after irradiation. The results showed that with the irradiation dose increased, the tensile micro-strain increased, nano-hardness increased from 7.11 GPa to 7.90 GPa and 8.62 GPa, Young’s modulus increased, and H
3/E
2 increased which indicating that the plastic deformability decreased in crystalline W. Under the same irradiation conditions, the Zr63.5Cu23Al9Fe4.5 MG still maintained the amorphous structure and became more disordered despite the longer range and stronger displacement damage of Ne ions in Zr63.5Cu23Al9Fe4.5 MG than in crystalline W. Unlike the irradiation hardening and embrittlement behavior of crystalline W, Zr63.5Cu23Al9Fe4.5 MG showed the gradual decrease in hardness from 6.02 GPa to 5.89 GPa and 5.50 GPa, the decrease in modulus and the increase in plastic deformability with the increasing dose. Possibly, the irradiation softening and toughening phenomenon of Zr63.5Cu23Al9Fe4.5 MG could provide new ideas for the design of nuclear materials.
Applications of scanning probe microscopy in neuroscience research
Authors: McRae Danielle M , Leonenko Zoya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Scanning probe microscopy techniques allow for label-free high-resolution imaging of cells, tissues, and biomolecules in physiologically relevant conditions. These techniques include atomic force microscopy (AFM), atomic force spectroscopy, and Kelvin probe force microscopy, which enable high resolution imaging, nanomanipulation and measurement of the mechanoelastic properties of neuronal cells, as well as scanning ion conductance microscopy, which combines electrophysiology and imaging in living cells. The combination of scanning probe techniques with optical spectroscopy, such as with AFM-IR and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, allows for the measurement of topographical maps along with chemical identity, enabled by spectroscopy. In this work, we review applications of these techniques to neuroscience research, where they have been used to study the morphology and mechanoelastic properties of neuronal cells and brain tissues, and to study changes in these as a result of chemical or physical stimuli. Cellular membrane models are widely used to investigate the interaction of the neuronal cell membrane with proteins associated with various neurological disorders, where scanning probe microscopy and associated techniques provide significant improvement in the understanding of these processes on a cellular and molecular level.
Potential and applications of auxetic tubular: a review
Authors: Ramezani Mohammad Javad , Rahmani Omid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Auxetic materials, possessing a negative Poisson’s ratio, can be arranged in various geometric configurations, such as tubular structures. Unlike conventional materials, which contract in lateral dimensions when stretched longitudinally, auxetic tubular expands in response to applied forces. This comprehensive review article amalgamates the latest experimental data and insights from preceding scholarly works, offering a detailed analysis of the structural design, fabrication processes, and mechanical characteristics of auxetic tubular structures. The review encompasses an analysis of their tensile properties, comparative evaluations with different materials, impact resistance, enhanced bending, and flexibility. Furthermore, the article explores the wide-ranging applications of auxetic tubular in diverse sectors such as automobile manufacturing, aerospace, medicine, and textiles. Furthermore, investigated not only new suggestions and future considerations for the advancement of these materials and structures but also a rigorous examination of the forthcoming and new challenges. This multifaceted approach distinguishes it from prior studies within the same scientific domain.
A review on current development of thermophotovoltaic technology in heat recovery
Authors: Chen Shuni , Guo Yanming , Pan Qinghui , Shuai Yong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The burning of fossil fuels in industry results in significant carbon emissions, and the heat generated is often not fully utilized. For high-temperature industries, thermophotovoltaics (TPVs) is an effective method for waste heat recovery. This review covers two aspects of high-efficiency TPV systems and industrial waste heat applications. At the system level, representative results of TPV complete the systems, while selective emitters and photovoltaic cells in the last decade are compiled. The key points of components to improve the energy conversion efficiency are further analyzed, and the related micro/nano-fabrication methods are introduced. At the application level, the feasibility of TPV applications in high-temperature industries is shown from the world waste heat utilization situation. The potential of TPV in waste heat recovery and carbon neutrality is illustrated with the steel industry as an example.
Utilizing PTEN immunohistochemistry as a screening test for Cowden syndrome
Authors: Hartsough Emily , DeSimone Mia S , Lorenzo Mayra E , Dias-Santagata Dora , Nose Vania , Hoang Mai P 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Cowden syndrome (CS) is a multisystem disease with an elevated lifetime risk of internal malignancy. We aim to assess the role of PTEN immunostain as a screening test for CS in a variety of common CS-associated neoplasms, with a particular focus on cutaneous tumors.

Methods
We retrospectively searched for patients meeting criteria for CS and/or demonstrating germline PTEN mutation from 2008 to 2022. We then performed PTEN immunostains on tumors of these patients as well as control cases.

Results
Our study included 30 patients with CS who had a total of 25 CS-associated malignancies (13 thyroid, 8 breast, and 4 endometrial carcinomas). Specifically, there were 11 patients with biopsy-confirmed CS-associated cutaneous neoplasms, including 1 patient with multiple trichilemmomas and 3 with multiple sclerotic fibromas. In total, 45 CS-associated tumors (6 trichilemmomas, 7 sclerotic fibromas, 5 thyroid carcinomas, 18 adenomatous thyroid nodules, 6 breast carcinomas, and 3 endometrial carcinomas) and 31 non-CS cases (9 trichilemmomas, 5 sclerotic fibromas, 8 adenomatous thyroid nodules, and 3 thyroid, 3 breast, and 3 endometrial carcinomas) were available for PTEN immunohistochemical staining. PTEN expression was lost in 43 (96%) of 45 CS-associated lesions and retained in 30 (97%) of 31 sporadic tumors. The overall sensitivity and specificity of PTEN loss of expression as a screening test for CS were 96% and 97%, respectively.

Conclusions
PTEN immunohistochemistry on CS-associated tumors, especially trichilemmomas, can serve as a readily accessible and cost-effective screening test for CS.
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of genes encoding secretory proteins in Aspergillus oryzae
Authors: Tanaka Mizuki 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Aspergillus oryzae, also known as the yellow koji mold, produces various hydrolytic enzymes that are widely used in different industries. Its high capacity to produce secretory proteins makes this filamentous fungus a suitable host for heterologous protein production. Amylolytic gene promoter is widely used to express heterologous genes in A. oryzae. The expression of this promoter is strictly regulated by several transcription factors, whose activation involves various factors. Furthermore, the expression levels of amylolytic and heterologous genes are post-transcriptionally regulated by mRNA degradation mechanisms in response to aberrant transcriptional termination or endoplasmic reticulum stress. This review discusses the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms controlling the expression of genes encoding secretory proteins in A. oryzae.
FMAlign2: a novel fast multiple nucleotide sequence alignment method for ultralong datasets
Authors: Zhang Pinglu , Liu Huan , Wei Yanming , Zhai Yixiao , Tian Qinzhong , Zou Quan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Motivation
In bioinformatics, multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is a crucial task. However, conventional methods often struggle with aligning ultralong sequences. To address this issue, researchers have designed MSA methods rooted in a vertical division strategy, which segments sequence data for parallel alignment. A prime example of this approach is FMAlign, which utilizes the FM-index to extract common seeds and segment the sequences accordingly.

Results
FMAlign2 leverages the suffix array to identify maximal exact matches, redefining the approach of FMAlign from searching for global chains to partial chains. By using a vertical division strategy, large-scale problem is deconstructed into manageable tasks, enabling parallel execution of subMSA. Furthermore, sequence-profile alignment and refinement are incorporated to concatenate subsets, yielding the final result seamlessly. Compared to FMAlign, FMAlign2 markedly augments the segmentation of sequences and significantly reduces the time while maintaining accuracy, especially on ultralong datasets. Importantly, FMAlign2 enhances existing MSA methods by conferring the capability to handle sequences reaching billions in length within an acceptable time frame.

Availability and implementation
Source code and datasets are available at https://github.com/malabz/FMAlign2 and https://zenodo.org/records/10435770.
Dependence on the crystallographic orientation of Au single crystal surfaces modified with homocysteine toward enantioselective redox reactions
Authors: Oka Sayuki , Kato Masaru , Yoshimoto Soichiro , Yagi Ichizo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Effects of enantioselective interactions on redox reactions of chiral molecules were studied using Au single crystal electrodes modified with amino acids. The redox peak current densities of R(+)- or S(−)-N, N-dimethyl-1-ferrocenylethylamine on Au(111) modified with L- or D-homocysteine (L-/D-Hcy) depended on the combination of these chiralities. Hcy/Au(100) showed no dependence on redox peak current densities. The difference in the molecular arrangement of Hcy between Au(111) and Au(100) greatly affects enantioselective redox reactions at the electrode interface.
A new approach to finding overlapping community structure in signed networks based on Neutrosophic theory
Authors: Gholami Maryam , Sheikhahmadi Amir , Khamforoosh Keyhan , Jalili Mahdi , Veisi Farshid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
One of the longstanding challenges in network science is the identification of overlapping community structures. Real-world networks often exhibit a complex interplay of positive and negative relationships, making the recognition of overlapping communities a crucial area of research. Current community detection methods in signed networks primarily focus on discovering disjoint communities, where each node belongs exclusively to a single community. However, these algorithms often fail to detect overlapping communities, where nodes can belong to multiple communities simultaneously. To address this limitation, we propose a novel approach called Neutrosophic c-means Overlapping Community Detection (NOCD) based on neutrosophic set (NS) theory. By incorporating NS theory, our approach effectively handles the uncertainty associated with ambiguous community boundaries and appropriately handles nodes on the community boundaries and isolated nodes. The NOCD method comprises two phases: firstly, a signed graph convolutional neural network is employed to learn the structural features of the signed network in a lower-dimensional representation; secondly, overlapping communities are detected using the neutrosophic c-means algorithm applied to the embedded network. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed NOCD method, we conducted comprehensive experiments on both real and artificial networks. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of NOCD in identifying overlapping communities, outperforming existing methods.
[Received on 3 August 2023; editorial decision on 13 December 2023; accepted on 19 December 2023]
Normalization of FFRCT after surgical unroofing of a myocardial bridge: a case report
Authors: Martens Broes , Michiels Vincent , Argacha Jean-François , Cosyns Bernard 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Cardiac computed tomography angiography derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) is a diastolic measurement and has emerged as a valuable non-invasive alternative to FFR in patients with stable coronary artery disease. It has, unlike FFR during coronary angiography, not been validated for the physiological evaluation of an isolated myocardial bridge (MB) so far.

Case summary
Our patient, previously known with a long myocardial bridge of the mid-segment of the left anterior descending artery, presented with a non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction that was treated by surgical unroofing of the MB. FFRCT after surgery confirms a major amelioration of coronary blood flow.

Discussion
Myocardial bridge may rarely present as a non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. FFRCT has thus far been accepted as a useful diagnostic tool in stable coronary artery disease. Our case report suggests that cardiac computed tomography angiography may be considered a useful technique for anatomical and physiological evaluation of MBs.