bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restorative Modalities for Structurally Compromised Teeth with Thin-walled Roots: A Literature Review
Authors: Azimi Nozhan , Azimi Nahal , Khanmohammadi Mohammad Mahdi , Ghazanfari Rezvaneh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProper restoration and maintenance of endodontically treated teeth with thin-walled roots and immature apices is of a great concern due to the high prevalence of such cases. The aim of this study was to review the efficiency of different materials used for post–core systems in order to restore endodontically treated teeth. A literature review was conducted using electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to find relevant articles. Randomized controlled trials that were related to different post–core techniques for restoring endodontically treated teeth and were in the English language were included from 2000 until 2022. Most articles concluded that cast posts have higher fracture resistance than fiber posts. All articles comparing stainless steel posts with other materials found that it had higher fracture strength. No particular difference between various types of fiber posts was identified, and all can reinforce the immature roots with thin dentinal walls.
Toothpaste Consumption: Implications for Health and Sustainability in Oral Care
Authors: Nicita Fabiana , D'Amico Cesare , Minervini Giuseppe , Cervino Gabriele , Fiorillo Luca 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective Toothpaste is a crucial component of daily oral hygiene routines and is significant in maintaining oral health. This study aimed to assess the amount of toothpaste consumed during tooth brushing and investigate the influence of toothbrush type on toothpaste consumption.
Materials and Methods Ten volunteer students of dentistry who regularly practiced oral hygiene at home were enrolled. Participants used a 15-mL tube of toothpaste with manual and electric toothbrushes and the amount consumed was recorded three times daily.
Statistical Analysis Variance analysis for repeated measures was applied for differences within groups for toothbrush types while the t-test was carried out to compare the mean quantities between groups. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results The findings revealed no significant difference in toothpaste consumption across different time intervals for both manual and electric toothbrushes. However, a significant difference in toothpaste consumption was observed when comparing toothbrush types. Participants using electric toothbrushes consumed less toothpaste compared to those using manual toothbrushes.
Conclusion The observed differences in toothpaste consumption highlight the importance of considering toothbrush type when promoting appropriate usage. With their advanced brushing mechanisms, electric toothbrushes may enhance cleaning efficiency and reduce the need for a large amount of toothpaste. Reducing toothpaste consumption benefits oral health and contributes to environmental sustainability. It minimizes packaging waste, conserves energy and resources, promotes water conservation, preserves ecosystems, and encourages a culture of ecological responsibility. By embracing a more conscious approach to toothpaste usage, individuals can contribute to a greener and more sustainable future.
Antifungal Therapies for Aspergillus spp.: Present and Future
Authors: Eschenauer Gregory A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCurrently available and recommended options for the treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis include the triazoles, echinocandins, and amphotericin B products. These therapies have significant limitations. Only the azoles are available orally, but their use is often limited by toxicities, drug–drug interactions, pharmacokinetic variability, and emerging resistance. While the echinocandins are safe agents and may have a role in combination therapy, they are unproven as monotherapy. Amphotericin B preparations are toxic and require intensive monitoring. Finally, aspergillosis continues to be a disease conferring substantial morbidity and mortality, and clinical trials have not identified a therapeutic approach clearly associated with improved outcomes. As a result, there is a great need for new options in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Ideally, such options would be safe, have high oral bioavailability, have favorable pharmacokinetics to sequestered sites and retain activity against azole-resistant isolates. Reassuringly, there is a robust pipeline of novel therapies in development. Rezafungin (a once-weekly dosed echinocandin) and ibrexafungerp (oral agent with same mechanism of action as echinocandins) will likely be reserved for combination therapy or refractory/intolerance scenarios with no other options. Inhaled opelconazole is an attractive option for combination therapy and prophylaxis of pulmonary aspergillosis. Development of an oral form of amphotericin B that avoids nephrotoxicity and electrolyte disturbances is an exciting development. Finally, olorofim and fosmanogepix, two agents with novel mechanisms of action and oral formulations, hold significant potential to challenge the triazole antifungals place as preferred therapies. However, many questions remain regarding these novel agents, and at the time of this writing, none of these agents have been robustly studied in Phase III studies of aspergillosis, and so their promise remains investigational.
Two-dimensional grating interferometer with nanometer accuracy
Authors: Ban Yaowen , Zhao Guobo , Liu Hui , Zhang Zhenghui , Chen Bangdao , Lu Bingheng , Liu Hongzhong 
Published: December 2023

A two-dimensional grating interferometer with the nanometer accuracy is proposed, which employs a transmissive two-dimensional diffraction grating and a corner cube prism in its optical configuration. The distinctive features of this optical path configuration are as follows: (i) Fourfold optical subdivision is achieved based on the principle of secondary diffraction, enhancing optical subdivision capability. (ii) The utilization of a corner cube prism configuration enables parallel retroreflection of diffracted light, facilitating ease of optical alignment. Utilizing a two-dimensional transmissive grating with a period of 4 µm (resulting in an optical signal period of 1 µm after fourfold optical subdivision), the two-dimensional grating interferometer achieves measurement resolutions better than 8 nm along the x and y directions. Within a 100 µm range, the grating displacement errors are superior to ±38 and ±36 nm. The repeatability (standard deviation of error) during a reciprocating motion with a 4 µm stroke is superior to 14 nm. The proposed two-dimensional grating interferometer enables nanoscale resolution measurements, showcasing notable linear measurement capabilities and repeatability. It finds potential applications in ultra-accuracy positioning and machining equipment. The utilization of gratings with smaller periods holds the promise of realizing picometer-level measurement potential.
Temperature dependence of infrared photoresponse from lead sulfide film grown by chemical bath deposition
Authors: Shi Zeyuan , Li Haozhou , Yang Dong , Chen Shi , Leng Chongqian , Que Longcheng , Shen Jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Due to the lower Auger recombination coefficient of lead salts, the study of room temperature infrared detectors based on lead salt is reemerges as a hot research topic. In this paper, we prepared polycrystalline lead sulfide (PbS) films using chemical bath deposition and fabricated a photovoltage infrared detector with Si. Different from normal PbS photodetectors, which usually show positive photoconductivity, our device demonstrated both positive and negative photoconductivity under 1550 nm laser illumination. The switching of positive and negative photoconductivity was found to be depended on temperature and applied bias. We proposed that the change of photoconductivity is due to the electron traps from S vacancies. Furthermore, we also tested the photoresponse under infrared blackbody radiation, which confirms that the device exhibits high sensitivity. The temperature dependence of PbS infrared photodetector demonstrated in this paper could be useful for applications involving focal array planes based on lead-related materials.
Recent progress in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Yang , Dendzik Maciej 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is a well-established experimental technique that allows probing of the electronic structure of quantum materials using relatively high-energy photons. ARPES has been extensively used to study important classes of materials such as topological insulators, high-temperature superconductors, two-dimensional materials or interface systems. Although the technique was originally developed over 60 years ago, the last decade has witnessed significant advancements in instrumentation. In this review, we survey recent progress in ARPES, with a focus on developments in novel light sources and electron detection methods, which enable the expansion of ARPES into spin-, time-, or space-resolved domains. Important examples of ARPES results are presented, together with an outlook for the field.
Fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on the three-dimensional coupled periodic potential-induced stochastic resonance
Authors: Xia Ping , Lei Mohan , Xu Hua , Gao Longfei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Conventional bistable and monostable stochastic resonance (SR) methods exhibit certain limitations in their capacity to enhance and extract incipient characteristics. Firstly, the inherent potential function structure, characterized by a singular stable-state paradigm, proves inadequate in accommodating the heterogeneous and multifaceted condition monitoring signals. Secondly, the interconnected dynamic characteristics of the mechanical signals remain unaccounted for. Furthermore, conventional SR methods persist in utilizing a fixed constant as the critical system parameter, thereby neglecting the synergistic interaction among monitoring signals, potential function structures, and scale factors. Owing to the rich dynamic characteristics of the three-dimensional multi-stable coupled periodic potential SR system, it demonstrates superior noise utilization compared to monostable and bistable systems. In view of this, the present formulates a three-dimensional spatial model employing a coupled periodic potential model with nonlinear coupling. Subsequently, a pioneering method for diagnosing rolling bearing faults is introduced, utilizing the framework of three-dimensional multi-stable coupled periodic potential-induced SR. Simulation and experimental results illustrate that this approach effectively enhances and extracts the subtle fault characteristics of rolling bearings, ensuring a clear distinction between the spectral peak at the bearing fault characteristic frequency and the spectral peak originating from the interference noise.
CPA-induced Hz to THz broadband absorber with switchable perfect absorption between radio-microwave and THz frequency spectrum
Authors: Khan Mohd Salman , Giri Pushpa , Varshney Gaurav , Sharma Ajay K 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The coherent perfect absorption (CPA) occurring in the graphene sheet suspended in air can be utilized to develop an ultrathin, ultra-broadband absorber working in the frequency range from a few hertz (Hz) to terahertz (THz) with perfect absorption. A graphene sheet is studied to induce the CPA to cover radio, microwave and lower THz frequency ranges. A graphene resonator able to provide the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is combined with the graphene sheet to provide CPA at either side of a thin dielectric layer forms metamaterial structure with the cavity and enhances the absorption bandwidth in the THz region by creating a resonance near quasi-CPA frequency. A dielectric silicon resonator is embedded in the structure, which creates dipolar resonances between the resonances obtained by the formed cavity between the graphene sheet and resonator. This enhances the absorption level in the THz region. The absorption bandwidth is further enhanced to 7 THz by including a graphene disc at the top of the silicon resonator. Thus, the multiple multi-order resonances occurring in the silicon dielectric and SPR of graphene resonators are merged with the phenomena of CPA occurring in the graphene sheets to extend the CPA bandwidth in the THz regime. The doping level of graphene or its tunable Fermi energy based on the applied DC electric field provides the tunability in the total obtained absorption bandwidth. The symmetric structure provides polarization-insensitive behavior with an allowed incident angle of more than 45° with more than 90% absorption.
Strain modulation of epitaxial h-BN on sapphire: the role of wrinkle formation for large-area two-dimensional materials
Authors: Tatarczak Piotr , Iwański Jakub , Dąbrowska Aleksandra Krystyna , Tokarczyk Mateusz , Binder Johannes , Stępniewski Roman , Wysmołek Andrzej 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Strain built-in electronic and optoelectronic devices can influence their properties and lifetime. This effect is particularly significant at the interface between two-dimensional materials and substrates. One such material is epitaxial hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), which is grown at temperatures often exceeding 1000 °C. Due to the high growth temperature, h-BN based devices operating at room temperature can be strongly affected by strain generated during cooling due to the differences in lattice thermal expansion of h-BN and the substrate. Here, we present results of temperature-dependent Raman studies of the in-plane E2g
high phonon mode in the temperature range of 300–1100 K measured for h-BN grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. We observe a change, by an order of magnitude, in the rate of the temperature-induced frequency shift for temperatures below 900 K, indicating a strong reduction of the effective h-BN/substrate interaction. We attribute this behavior to the creation of h-BN wrinkles which results in strain relaxation. This interpretation is supported by the observation that no change of layer/substrate interaction and no wrinkles are observed for delaminated h-BN films transferred onto silicon. Our findings demonstrate that wrinkle formation is an inherent process for two-dimensional materials on foreign substrates that has to be understood to allow for the successful engineering of devices based on epitaxially grown van der Waals heterostructures.
Investigating the structural, electronic, magnetic, thermodynamic, and optical properties of rare earth-based halide perovskites CsMCl3 (M = U, Np, Pu)
Authors: Gautam Sakshi , Ghosh Sukriti , Gupta Dinesh C 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A detailed study of the physical properties of caesium-based halide perovskites, specifically CsUCl3, CsNpCl3, and CsPuCl3, by full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method has been performed. The stability of the compounds is ensured after energy optimization in two different phases, viz. ferromagnetic and non–magnetic, wherefrom we concluded these perovskites are energetically more stable in the ferromagnetic phase. By adopting the optimized lattice constant, we have determined different electronic, magnetic, thermodynamic, optical, and transport properties. The GGA+ mBJ approximation predicts the half-metallic character of these compounds. The M-sited atom is the foremost contributor to the ferromagnetic nature of these compounds. We have also calculated thermodynamic parameters like thermal expansion, Gruneisen parameter, specific heat capacity, and Debye temperature by employing the quasi-harmonic Debye model. Further optical properties of the compounds are examined in terms of dielectric constant, absorption coefficient, and refractive index. The obtained results from the study signify that these materials are apt for electro-optic and spintronics devices.
Lower bound of group velocity imposed by non-linearities induced by external sources in photonic and phononic crystals with losses
Authors: Escalante Jose M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the present work, it has been studied how the group velocity, in waves propagating trough photonic and phonic crystals with losses, is affected by non-linearities induced by external sources. The work takes as starting point the mathematical approach exposed in the article called ‘Effect of loss on the dispersion relation of photonic and phononic crystals’ of V Laude et al, where it is considered, as a plausible hypothesis, that the non-linearities are only induced by external mechanisms and not by the modes propagating through the structure. The research has been focused on some points of the band structure that are of great interest: frozen modes and in the middle of bandgap. A strong dependency of the lower bound of group velocity has been found as a function of points considered. As a main result, it has been observed that the non-linear effects induced and material losses considered can have opposite effects on the group velocity, observing cases where the lower bound of group velocity is reduced below the limits established by the work of V Laude et al.On the other hand, it has been found that the non-linearities limit the group velocity in the middle of bandgap, disappearing the classical Hartman effect.
Generalized perturbation (n, N − n) fold Darboux transformation for a nonlocal Hirota equation with variable coefficients
Authors: Zhao Dan , Zhaqilao  
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a nonlocal Hirota equation with variable coefficients is investigated by applying the generalized perturbation (n, N − n) fold Darboux transformation method and Taylor expansion method. Multi-soliton solutions are obtained when the seed solution is trivial, and multi-soliton solutions, multi-breather solutions, high-order rogue wave solutions and their interaction solutions are obtained when the seed solution is a plane wave solution. Especially, we get the interaction solution of soliton, breather and rogue wave solution. In addition, by choosing appropriate parameters, the dynamic behaviors of the obtained solution are explored.
Enhanced nonlinear absorption and photoluminescence properties of Zn, Fe, Cu, V and Ni doped MoO3 transition metal oxide thin films
Authors: Pepe Yasemin , Tutel Yusuf , Ucar Ali Deniz , Cevik Eda , Karatay Ahmet , Unalan Husnu Emrah , Elmali Ayhan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, the effect of the dopant element on the linear, nonlinear absorption and optical limiting properties of ultrasonically sprayed MoO3 thin films is presented. The linear optical results showed an increase with the density of the defect states in the bandgap with doping, in conjunction with a decrease in bandgap energy and an increase in Urbach energy. Broad photoluminescence emissions are detected in the range of 350 and 600 nm, decreasing in intensity by doping. To reveal the defect states effects’ on the nonlinear absorption (NA) behavior, OA Z-scan data were analyzed with two theoretical models considering only two photon absorption (2PA) (model 1), and one photon absorption (OPA), 2PA and free carrier absorption (model 2). The NA behavior is observed and found to get enhanced by increasing input intensity and doping atoms due to generation of new oxygen vacancies and formation of further defect states. The NA coefficient values of the thin films in model 2 are 100 times higher than that of 2PA coefficient values in model 1. This result revealed the strong effect of defect states on the NA behavior. Among the investigated dopant atoms, Cu resulted in enhanced NA due to the higher density of defect states. While the genuine 2PA is the dominant NA mechanism for V and Fe doped MoO3 thin films, OPA and 2PA are the dominant NA mechanisms for the Ni, Zn and Cu doped MoO3 thin films due to their higher concentration of defect states. Cu-doped MoO3 thin film has a lower optical limiting threshold of 0.026 mJ/cm2 due to its enhanced NA behavior. Considering the results obtained, this study opens the door to the potential of doped MoO3 thin films to be used as optical limiters in the visible wavelength region.
Photothermal-enhanced multifunctional nanozyme for regulate GSH and H2O2 in tumor for improving catalytic therapy
Authors: You Sasha , Lu Si , Gao Haiqing , Song Qian , Li Ling 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Nanozyme-based catalytic therapy have been limited by poor catalyic performance, insufficient endogenous H2O2 concentration and high concentrations of GSH in tumor microenvironment. Herein, bimetallic MOFs were synthesized, loaded with glucose oxidase and then modified with polydopamine to obtain photothermal-enhanced nanozyme (Zr/Ce-MOFs/GOx/PDA) with GSH and H2O2 regulating properties for tumor catalytic therapy. The results showed that Zr/Ce-MOFs/GOx/PDA nanozyme exhibits intrinsic peroxidase-like and GPx-like activities , which can not only provide H2O2
in situ and decompose H2O2 into ·OH, but also eliminate GSH to protect ·OH, which can promote catalytic activities of Zr/Ce-MOFs/GOx/PDA. Besides, the Zr/Ce-MOFs/GOx/PDA with photothermal performance can further promote the catalytic activities, and the photothermal efficiency of Zr/Ce-MOFs/GOx/PDA nanozyme were 26.2%. The potential anti-tumor effect of Zr/Ce-MOFs/GOx/PDA was proved by in vitro 4T1 and in vivo 4T1-tumor-bearing mice models. It is believed that the photothermal-boosted multifunctional nanozyme-based tumor treatment strategy is a prospective method to improve therapy of tumor.
An electro-optic (EO) pulsed electric field sensor powered by photovoltaic cell
Authors: Zhang Jiahong , Ma Chao , Wang Zhuo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Considering the limitations of battery-powered active EO modulated electric field sensors, a photovoltaic cell-powered electric field sensor is designed, fabricated and experimentally demonstrated. The sensor is consisting of a laser photovoltaic cell-powered supply circuit, a receiving modulation circuit, and an induction antenna. The laser photovoltaic cell power supply circuit which composed of a power supply laser, a photovoltaic cell, and a DC-DC conversion circuit is designed and fabricated. Experimental results show that the photovoltaic cell power supply circuit can output stable voltages of 5 V and 1.2 V for the receiving modulation circuit. A lightning impulse (LEMP) measurement system is set up and used to test the characteristics of the electric field sensor in the time domain. The experimental results show that the sensor detected pulsed electric field shows good consistency with the applied LEMP in the time domain and the dynamic range of the sensor is from 0.86 kV m−1 to 10.7 kV m−1.