bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical and Functional Properties of Mahlab Tree (Prunus mahaleb) Exudate Gum
Authors: Amr Ayed , Saleh Mohammed , Foufou Esma , Batoul Meghzili , Shahein Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

Prunus mahaleb (Mahlab) is one of the gums-producing species of the Rosaceae family. The gums produced by many members of this family were extensively investigated except those of Mahlab. Hence, the work aims to study the chemical and functional properties of this gum which is produced from trees grown in Jordan. Exudate nodules were collected in the summer of 2021 from Mahlab trees and sorted according to their color into grades I, II, and III. The chemical composition, hygroscopicity, swelling index, water absorption, emulsification and foaming capacities, solubility, and foam stability of these grades were measured. Proximate composition showed significant (P ≤0.05) variations between the three grades in all of their proximate components except protein. Grade I had the greatest moisture and fat content of 18.0 and 3.29%, respectively. Grade III had the highest protein (though non-significantly (P>0.05) different from other grades) and ash content of 1.10 and 2.91%, respectively. All grades had similar, though significantly (P≤ 0.05) different levels of calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium. Also, their HPLC - detected sugar profiles consisted of xylose (17.65-19.77% w/w), rhamnose (10.10-12.34%w/w), arabinose (53.35-62.01% w/w) and galactose (9.88-14.50%w/w). Results showed significant (P ≤0.05) differences between the three grades in their functional properties, with grade III having the greatest swelling index and water absorption capacity of 7.52 and 16.52%, respectively. Grade I has the greatest hygroscopicity of 6.57% while grade II has the greatest foaming capacity of 21.02%. All grades showed a non-Newtonian-type shear-thinning behavior. Based on the results of this study, it is evident that Mahlab tree exudate gums pose chemical and functional properties typical of other known hydrocolloids.
Pedagogy and its applications in art education curricula
Authors: Ali Jaafar Alzerjawi Fadia , Juwayd Hussainah Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

The research aims to (identify the applications of pedagogy in art education), the research community included, art education for the primary stage, so the community consisted of (8) main areas in art education, either the research sample was chosen, two main areas (objectives, and content), and included the research methodology (descriptive and analytical), the researcher built the research tool represented (the validity form of the tool) and presented to a group of experts to indicate its validity as well as to measure its stability, To show the results, the researcher used the percentage, and the researcher recommended - modifying the curriculum every period of time, such as every four years, others.
Tingkat Keberhasilan Perawatan Ortodonti Berdasarkan Index of Complexity Outcome and Need di Klinik Profesi Rumah Sakit Universitas Udayana
Authors: Hendrawan Elizabeth , Anggaraeni Putu Ika , Hutomo Louise C. , Rahaswanti Luh Wayan A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Malocclusion is a misalignment of the teeth that disrupts functional balance and causes aesthetic problems. The complexity of malocclusion, the need for treatment, and the success of treatment can be measured using the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON). The Dental Profession Clinic at Udayana University Hospital provides health services in the field of oral health including orthodontic treatment using removable appliances. This study aimed to determine the success rate of orthodontic treatment based on ICON in patients at the Dental Profession Clinic at Universitas Udayana. This was an observational and descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. There were 30 patients as samples selected using a purposive sampling method. The collected data were processed using descriptive statistical tests and univariate analysis, and then were presented in the form of frequencies and percentages. The results showed that 63.3% of patients were in the substantially improved category, 16.7% in the greatly improved and moderately improved category each, and 3.3% in the minimally improved category. In conclusion, the majority of patients in this study were included in the substantially improved category.
Keywords: Index of Complexity Outcome and Need (ICON); malocclusion; orthodontic appliances

Abstrak: Maloklusi merupakan penyimpangan gigi dari oklusi yang ideal, yang menganggu keseimbangan fungsional dan menyebabkan masalah estetik. Kompleksitas maloklusi, kebutuhan perawatan, dan keberhasilan perawatan dapat diukur menggunakan Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON). Klinik Profesi Rumah Sakit Universitas Udayana memberikan pelayanan kesehatan di bidang gigi dan mulut termasuk perawatan ortodonti menggunakan peranti lepasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan perawatan ortodonti berdasarkan ICON pada pasien Klinik Profesi Dokter Gigi Universitas Udayana. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Terdapat 30 pasien sebagai sampel penelitian yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data yang terkumpul diolah menggunakan uji statistik deskriptif dan analisis univariat serta hasilnya disajikan dalam bentuk frekuensi dan presentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 63,3% masuk ke dalam kategori substantially improved, 16,7% masing-masing dalam kategori greatly improved dan moderately improved, serta 3,3% dalam kategori minimally improved. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah mayoritas pasien dalam studi ini tergolong dalam kategori substantially improved.
Kata kunci: Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON); maloklusi; peranti ortodonti
Trans-dimensionality of electron/hole channels in multilayer in-plane heterostructures comprising graphene and hBN superlattice
Authors: Zhang Hui , Gao Yanlin , Maruyama Mina , Okada Susumu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Using density functional theory, we investigated trilayer in-plane heterostructures consisting of graphene and hBN strips in terms of their interlayer stacking arrangements. The trilayer hBN/graphene superlattices possess flat dispersion bands at their band edges, the wave function distribution of which strongly depends on the interlayer stacking arrangement. The wave functions of the valence and conduction band edges of the trilayer heterostructure with AA’ stacking are distributed throughout the layers implying a two-dimensional carrier distribution. In contrast, we found one-dimensional carrier channels along the border between graphene and hBN for electrons and holes in the trilayer heterosheet with rhombohedral interlayer stacking. These unique carrier distributions are ascribed to the interlayer dipole moment arising from asymmetric arrangements of B and N atoms across the layers. Therefore, the trilayer in-plane heterostructures of graphene and hBN superlattice possess trans-dimensional carriers in terms of their interlayer stacking arrangement.
Dynamic frequency shift in NV− center in diamond induced by anisotropic in-plane vacuum fluctuation
Authors: Inoue Jun-ichi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sensor applications of a negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV−) center in diamond are now in practical use, yet for finer sensitivity, a comprehensive understanding of various kinds of sources that cause detrimental relaxation and damping is still required. During the course of theoretical study regarding this, we found that Gaussian white noise with the zero mean has a substantial effect, which manifests itself in a period of free induction decay (FID) oscillation. This effect is experimentally detectable through comparison with zero-field splitting fixed by, e.g., optically detected magnetic resonance. The result is corroborated by a different analytical framework, the Lindblad master equation. Our finding in the FID oscillation period, or an equivalent energy shift, is concluded to fall into a class of dynamic frequency shift.
Analysis of Maslahah Mursalah in the Implementation of Tetanus Toxoid Immunization as a Marriage Requirement (A Study in the Pitu Riase Sub-district, Sidrap Regency)
Authors: Nia Hasmira , Suarning  , Karim Abd Faiz 
Published: December 2023

This research discusses Maslahah Murlah's review of the implementation of tetanus toxoid immunization as a marriage requirement. By examining two problem formulations, namely; how is the implementation of tetanus toxoid immunization as a marriage registration requirement in Pitu Riase District, Sidrap Regency and how is the maslahah murrasa review of the implementation of tetanus toxoid immunization as a marriage requirement in Pitu Riase District, Sidrap Regency.
This research approach is an empirical normative approach, namely research carried out by examining the implementation of legal provisions which are conceptualized as norms or rules that apply in society. Then with the qualitative descriptive method which produces descriptive data in the form of written text or other people's words. The techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation methods.
The results of the research can be stated that, Firstly, the provisions of the marriage registration requirements are that prospective bride and groom couples who want to get married, especially prospective brides, are advised to carry out tetanus toxoid immunization and attach a letter of proof of the implementation of this immunization. The objectives achieved by implementing tetanus toxoid immunization include preventing the spread of tetanus which can cause damage to the nervous system that regulates breathing and also damage to other organs, resulting in death. Second, the implementation of tetanus toxoid immunization as a requirement for marriage registration in Piti Riase District, Sidrap Regency, if viewed from the perspective of maslahah al-murlah, is one of the maslahah of hajiyah, namely perfecting basic human needs in maslahah dharuriyah, in this case in order to protect or maintain offspring through the prospective bride. those who are getting married and also as in the Sadd Adz-Dzari'ah principle, namely preventive measures or closing the path to something dangerous.
Overview of Patients with Hypertensive Heart Disease at the Cardiology Clinic of the Family Medical Center Hospital in 2020
Authors: Kurniadhi Didi , Tendean Marshell , Bernardi Karek Roberto 
Published: December 2023

Hypertensive heart disease is a condition of changes in heart structure and function due to chronic hypertension, the term hypertensive heart disease ultimately includes conditions such as left ventricular hypertrophy, systolic heart failure, diastolic or both, irregular heartbeat and coronary heart disease. This study aims to describe the characteristics of patients with hypertensive heart disease such as sociodemographic descriptions such as age, gender, clinical manifestations, management including the type of drug given and the amount of drug given, as well as comorbidities in patients with hypertensive heart disease at the Cardiology Clinic of the Family Medical Center Hospital. 2020. The age group of patients with hypertensive heart disease is 56-65 years (36%), sex is dominated by women (55.8%), the majority of patients with hypertensive heart disease have clinical manifestations of LVH without heart failure (51.2%) , beta blockers were the most frequently administered drugs (72.2%), 3 types of drugs were the most frequently administered drugs to patients (33.8%), and diabetes was the most common comorbidity in patients (22.7%). Early screening and treatment of hypertension is very necessary to prevent the development of hypertension into hypertensive heart disease.
W butach po nieboszczyku Lautmannie. Ukryta perspektywa „Sklepu przy głównej ulicy” Kadára i Klosa
Authors: Sowińska Iwona 
Published: December 2023

Za literacki pierwowzór filmu Sklep przy głównej ulicy Jána Kadára i Elmara Klosa (1965) bywa błędnie uważana nowela Ladislava Grosmana pod tym samym tytułem. Tymczasem było nim mało znane opowiadanie tego autora Pułapka. Film odczytuje się zwykle jako przestrogę przed iluzorycznym komfortem niereagowania na zło. W cieniu tej opowieści skrywa się jednak inna: o przemianie; o człowieku, który porzuca swoją dysfunkcyjną „aryjską” rodzinę i zakłada nową, żydowską – nie dosłownie, ale symbolicznie. Temat ten był nieobecny w źródłowym opowiadaniu. W pierwszej części tekstu Sowińska omawia je szczegółowo, aby w części drugiej uzasadnić swoją tezę o ukrytej perspektywie filmu, czerpiąc argumenty z organizacji i nagłej dezorganizacji jego warstwy wizualnej i dźwiękowej, w której ujawnia się trauma ludobójstwa.
Chrisa Markera podróże w czasie: o dziwnych losach „La Jetée”
Authors: Pitrus Andrzej 
Published: December 2023

Artykuł jest próbą skonfrontowania filmu Chrisa Markera pod tytułem La Jetée (1962) z utworami, które zostały przezeń zainspirowane. Choć eksperyment francuskiego reżysera był przez lata niemal nieznany, dziś stał się natchnieniem dla filmowców, muzyków, a nawet twórców teledysków. Autor stawia tezę, że jest tak dlatego, iż film ten odwraca się od konwencji głównego nurtu, starając się „wynaleźć” kino od nowa. Dlatego też chętnie nawiązują do niego twórcy należący do kolejnych pokoleń rewolucjonistów i eksperymentatorów.
Optical Solitons for the Dispersive Concatenation Model with Power-Law Nonlinearity by the Complete Discriminant Approach
Authors: Wang Ming-Yue , Biswas Anjan , Yildirim Yakup , Alshomrani Ali Saleh 
Published: December 2023

The present paper is a sequel to the paper on the topic with Kerr law nonlinearity. For power-law nonlinearity, it was derived through balancing principle that the solitons would exist for two values of the power-law parameter, namely n = 1 or n = 2. The current paper derives dark and singular solitons for the latter value of n since the first case was already covered in a previous report that was dedicated to address the model with Kerr law.
تقييم الأداء الإنتـــــاجي لدجاج البيــــاض سلالة Hy-line تحت الظروف الليبية
Authors: الفوني أنور ناجي عبد الله , الشلماني محمد إدريس , سالم ناصر خليفة محمد 
Published: December 2023

أجريت الدراسة بإحدى المزارع الخاصة للإنتاج التجاري لبيض المائدة (مزرعة علي الشبعان)، تقع المزرعة بمنطقة سلوق (سهل بنغازي) في جهة الشمال بحوالي خمسة كيلومتر. كان الهدف من الدراسة معرفة الأداء الإنتاجي لسلالة Hy-line تحت الظروف الليبية. تم استخدام سجلات ثلاث حظائر من الدجاج البياض ذي القشرة البيضاء من السلالة Hy-line من تاريخ 13-5-2019 م حتى تاريخ 24-11-2020 م تحت الإدارة الليبية، حيث تم قياس بعض الصفات الإنتاجية والحيوية التي تضمنتها هذه السجلات التي منها نسبة إنتاج البيض اليومي من الدجاجة على أساس الدجاج الحي والدجاج المسكن، عدد البيض اليومي المنتج من الدجاجة على أساس الدجاج الحي والدجاج المسكن، نسبة النفوق التراكمية، معامل تحويل العلف (كجم علف / 12 بيضة).
أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن نسبة إنتاج البيض اليومي من الدجاجة على أساس الدجاج الحي والدجاج المسكن عند قمة الإنتاج بعمر 31 أسبوع كانت 95% و93%، على التوالي. وصل عدد البيض المنتج من الدجاجة على أساس الدجاج الحي والدجاج المسكن إلى 311 بيضة/ سنة و285 بيضة / سنة، على التوالي. لوحظ ارتفاع في نسبة النفوق التراكمية خلال فترة الإنتاج إلى 16.7% مما يؤثر في الكفاءة الإنتاجية للحظائر، بينما لا توجد اختلافات كبيرة في معدل تحويل العلف (كجم علف / 12 بيضة)، ماعدا في أول أسبوعين من فترة الإنتاج التي لوحظ فيها تذبذب كبير
Close Binary Stars Modeled by Two Prolate Ellipsoids in Synchronous Rotation
Authors: Elipe Antonio , da Costa M. Lívia , Piccotti Luca , Tresaco Eva 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The presence of tidal deformations in close binary stars has already been confirmed by astronomical observations. The present paper aims to simply address an astronomy problem, studying the relative movement of close binaries disturbed by their mutual deformation through some basic concepts and tools of celestial mechanics. For this purpose, the tidal effect is modeled by considering that each star is an elongated revolution ellipsoid in such a way that axes of revolution are coincident, and their largest axes point toward each other along the motion. The potential for mutual attraction is then obtained, resulting in a perturbed Keplerian system with perturbation proportional to the inverse of the cubic distance between the stars, thus being a one-degree-of-freedom problem and, therefore, integrable. The effective potential, the integrals of energy and angular momentum, and the Laplace vector are used to obtain qualitative information about the dynamics before integrating it. The motion describes a rosette-like orbit with periodic osculating elements, or a circle when the energy is a local minimum. Finally, an analytical solution is presented in terms of elliptic functions by using a regularizing and linearizing function.
H i in Molecular Clouds: Irradiation by FUV Plus Cosmic Rays
Authors: Sternberg Amiel , Bialy Shmuel , Gurman Alon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We extend the analytic theory presented by Sternberg et al. and Bialy & Sternberg for the production of atomic hydrogen (H i) via far-ultraviolet (FUV) photodissociation at the boundaries of dense interstellar molecular (H2) clouds to also include the effects of penetrating (low-energy) cosmic rays (CRs) for the growth of the total H i column densities. We compute the steady-state abundances of the H i and H2 in one-dimensional gas slabs in which the FUV photodissociation rates are reduced by depth-dependent H2 self-shielding and dust absorption and the CR ionization rates are either constant or reduced by transport effects. The solutions for the H i and H2 density profiles and the integrated H i columns depend primarily on the ratios I
UV/Rn and ζ/Rn, where I
UV is the intensity of the photodissociating FUV field, ζ is the H2 CR ionization rate, n is the hydrogen gas density, and R is the dust surface H2 formation rate coefficient. We present computations for a wide range of FUV field strengths, CR ionization rates, and dust-to-gas ratios. We develop analytic expressions for the growth of the H i column densities. For Galactic giant molecular clouds (GMCs) with multiphased (warm/cold) H i envelopes, the interior CR zones will dominate the production of the H i only if

ζ
≳
4.5
×

10

−
16

×

(

M

GMC

/

10

6

M

⊙

)

−
1

/

2

s−1, where M
GMC is the GMC mass, and including attenuation of the CR fluxes. For most Galactic GMCs and conditions, FUV photodissociation dominates over CR ionization for the production of the H i column densities. Furthermore, the CRs do not affect the H i-to-H2 transition points.
Coevolution and Nuclear Structure in the Dwarf Galaxy POX 52 Studied by Multiwavelength Data from Radio to X-Ray
Authors: Kawamuro Taiki , Ricci Claudio , Yamada Satoshi , Noda Hirofumi , Li Ruancun , Temple Matthew J. , Tortosa Alessia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The nearby dwarf galaxy POX 52 at z = 0.021 hosts an active galactic nucleus (AGN) with a black hole (BH) mass of M
BH ∼ 105–6
M
⊙ and an Eddington ratio of ∼0.1–1. This object provides the rare opportunity to study both AGN and host-galaxy properties in a low-mass highly accreting system. To do so, we collected its multiwavelength data from X-ray to radio. First, we construct a spectral energy distribution, and by fitting it with AGN and host-galaxy components, we constrain AGN-disk and dust-torus components. Then, while considering the AGN-disk emission, we decompose optical Hubble Space Telescope images. As a result, it is found that a classical bulge component is probably present, and its mass (M
bulge) is consistent with an expected value from a local relation. Lastly, we analyze new quasi-simultaneous X-ray (0.2–30 keV) data obtained by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array and XMM-Newton. The X-ray spectrum can be reproduced by multicolor blackbody, warm and hot coronae, and disk and torus reflection components. Based on this, the spin is estimated to be a
spin = 0.998−0.814, which could suggest that most of the current BH mass was achieved by prolonged mass accretion. Given the presence of the bulge, POX 52 would have undergone a galaxy merger, while the M
BH–M
bulge relation and the inferred prolonged accretion could suggest that AGN feedback occurred. Regarding the AGN structure, the spectral slope of the hot corona, its relative strength to the bolometric emission, and the torus structure are found to be consistent with Eddington-ratio dependencies found for nearby AGNs.
Modeling the High-energy Ionizing Output from Simple Stellar and X-Ray Binary Populations
Authors: Garofali Kristen , Basu-Zych Antara R. , Johnson Benjamin D. , Tzanavaris Panayiotis , Jaskot Anne , Richardson Chris T. , Lehmer Bret D. , Yukita Mihoko , Hodges-Kluck Edmund , Hornschemeier Ann , Ptak Andrew , Vulic Neven 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present a methodology for modeling the joint ionizing impact due to a “simple X-ray population” (SXP) and its corresponding simple stellar population (SSP), where “simple” refers to a single age and metallicity population. We construct composite spectral energy distributions (SEDs) including contributions from ultraluminous X-ray sources and stars, with physically meaningful and consistent consideration of the relative contributions of each component as a function of instantaneous burst age and stellar metallicity. These composite SEDs are used as input for photoionization modeling with Cloudy, from which we produce a grid for the time- and metallicity-dependent nebular emission from these composite populations. We make the results from the photoionization simulations publicly available. We find that the addition of the SXP prolongs the high-energy ionizing output from the population—and correspondingly increases the intensity of nebular lines such as He ii
λ1640,4686, [Ne v] λ3426,14.3 μm, and [O iv] 25.9 μm by factors of at least two relative to models without an SXP spectral component. This effect is most pronounced for instantaneous bursts of star formation on timescales >10 Myr and at low metallicities (∼0.1 Z
⊙), due to the imposed time- and metallicity-dependent behavior of the SXP relative to the SSP. We propose nebular emission line diagnostics accessible with JWST suitable for inferring the presence of a composite SXP + SSP, and we discuss how the ionization signatures compare to models for sources such as intermediate-mass black holes.
Stellar Neutrino Emission across the Mass–Metallicity Plane
Authors: Farag Ebraheem , Timmes F. X. , Chidester Morgan T. , Anandagoda Samalka , Hartmann Dieter H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We explore neutrino emission from nonrotating, single-star models across six initial metallicities and 70 initial masses from the zero-age main sequence to the final fate. Overall, across the mass spectrum, we find metal-poor stellar models tend to have denser, hotter, and more massive cores with lower envelope opacities, larger surface luminosities, and larger effective temperatures than their metal-rich counterparts. Across the mass–metallicity plane we identify the sequence (initial CNO → 14N → 22Ne → 25Mg → 26Al → 26Mg → 30P → 30Si) as making primary contributions to the neutrino luminosity at different phases of evolution. For the low-mass models we find neutrino emission from the nitrogen flash and thermal pulse phases of evolution depend strongly on the initial metallicity. For the high-mass models, neutrino emission at He-core ignition and He-shell burning depends strongly on the initial metallicity. Antineutrino emission during C, Ne, and O burning shows a strong metallicity dependence with 22Ne(α, n)25Mg providing much of the neutron excess available for inverse-β decays. We integrate the stellar tracks over an initial mass function and time to investigate the neutrino emission from a simple stellar population. We find average neutrino emission from simple stellar populations to be 0.5–1.2 MeV electron neutrinos. Lower metallicity stellar populations produce slightly larger neutrino luminosities and average β decay energies. This study can provide targets for neutrino detectors from individual stars and stellar populations. We provide convenient fitting formulae and open access to the photon and neutrino tracks for more sophisticated population synthesis models.