bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacial co-assembly strategy towards gradient mesoporous hollow sheet for molecule filtration
Authors: Dong Yangbo , Feng Danyang , Li Wei , Zhang Rui , Dou Shuzhen , Wang Luoqi , Yang Yan , Wang Li , Yang Yang , Wei Feng , Qiao Zhen-An 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGradient porous structures enable the fast capillary-directed mass transport and enhance the chemical reaction rate with optimal efficiency and minimal energy consumption. Rational design and facile synthesis of functional mesoporous materials with sheet structure and gradient mesopores still face challenges of stacked structures and unadjustable pore sizes. Herein, an interfacial co-assembly strategy for gradient mesoporous hollow silica sheets is reported. The modulated oil-water interface allows the assembly of gradient mesoporous silica layers on the water-removable ammonium sulfate crystals. The obtained mesoporous silica layers possess narrow pore size distributions (~2.2 nm and ~6.6 nm). Owing to the good mono-dispersity, sheet structure and proper pore size, the designed gradient mesoporous hollow silica sheets can serve as flexible building blocks for fabricating nanoscale molecule filtration device. Experiments reveal that the obtained nanofiltration device shows remarkable gradient rejection rates (range from 23.5 to 99.9%) for molecules with different sizes (range from 1.2 to 4.4 nm).
Tunable encapsulation of sessile droplets with solid and liquid shells
Authors: Lathia Rutvik , Nagpal Satchit , Modak Chandantaru Dey , Mishra Satyarthi , Sharma Deepak , Reddy Bheema Sankar , Nukala Pavan , Bhat Ramray , Sen Prosenjit 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDroplet encapsulations using liquid or solid shells are of significant interest in microreactors, drug delivery, crystallization, and cell growth applications. Despite progress in droplet-related technologies, tuning micron-scale shell thickness over a large range of droplet sizes is still a major challenge. In this work, we report capillary force assisted cloaking using hydrophobic colloidal particles and liquid-infused surfaces. The technique produces uniform solid and liquid shell encapsulations over a broad range (5–200 μm shell thickness for droplet volume spanning over four orders of magnitude). Tunable liquid encapsulation is shown to reduce the evaporation rate of droplets by up to 200 times with a wide tunability in lifetime (1.5 h to 12 days). Further, we propose using the technique for single crystals and cell/spheroid culture platforms. Stimuli-responsive solid shells show hermetic encapsulation with tunable strength and dissolution time. Moreover, scalability, and versatility of the technique is demonstrated for on-chip applications.
Self-protection soft fluidic robots with rapid large-area self-healing capabilities
Authors: Tang Wei , Zhong Yiding , Xu Huxiu , Qin Kecheng , Guo Xinyu , Hu Yu , Zhu Pingan , Qu Yang , Yan Dong , Li Zhaoyang , Jiao Zhongdong , Fan Xujun , Yang Huayong , Zou Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSoft fluidic robots have attracted a lot of attention and have broad application prospects. However, poor fluidic power source and easy to damage have been hindering their development, while the lack of intelligent self-protection also brings inconvenience to their applications. Here, we design diversified self-protection soft fluidic robots that integrate soft electrohydrodynamic pumps, actuators, healing electrofluids, and E-skins. We develop high-performance soft electrohydrodynamic pumps, enabling high-speed actuation and large deformation of untethered soft fluidic robots. A healing electrofluid that can form a self-healed film with excellent stretchability and strong adhesion is synthesized, which can achieve rapid and large-areas-damage self-healing of soft materials. We propose multi-functional E-skins to endow robots intelligence, making robots realize a series of self-protection behaviors. Moreover, our robots allow their functionality to be enhanced by the combination of electrodes or actuators. This design strategy enables soft fluidic robots to achieve their high-speed actuation and intelligent self-protection, opening a door for soft robots with physical intelligence.
Digital data storage on DNA tape using CRISPR base editors
Authors: Sadremomtaz Afsaneh , Glass Robert F. , Guerrero Jorge Eduardo , LaJeunesse Dennis R. , Josephs Eric A. , Zadegan Reza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile the archival digital memory industry approaches its physical limits, the demand is significantly increasing, therefore alternatives emerge. Recent efforts have demonstrated DNA’s enormous potential as a digital storage medium with superior information durability, capacity, and energy consumption. However, the majority of the proposed systems require on-demand de-novo DNA synthesis techniques that produce a large amount of toxic waste and therefore are not industrially scalable and environmentally friendly. Inspired by the architecture of semiconductor memory devices and recent developments in gene editing, we created a molecular digital data storage system called “DNA Mutational Overwriting Storage” (DMOS) that stores information by leveraging combinatorial, addressable, orthogonal, and independent in vitro CRISPR base-editing reactions to write data on a blank pool of greenly synthesized DNA tapes. As a proof of concept, this work illustrates writing and accurately reading of both a bitmap representation of our school’s logo and the title of this study on the DNA tapes.
A lightweight cow mounting behavior recognition system based on improved YOLOv5s
Authors: Wang Rong , Gao Ronghua , Li Qifeng , Zhao Chunjiang , Ma Weihong , Yu Ligen , Ding Luyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo improve the detection speed of cow mounting behavior and the lightness of the model in dense scenes, this study proposes a lightweight rapid detection system for cow mounting behavior. Using the concept of EfficientNetV2, a lightweight backbone network is designed using an attention mechanism, inverted residual structure, and depth-wise separable convolution. Next, a feature enhancement module is designed using residual structure, efficient attention mechanism, and Ghost convolution. Finally, YOLOv5s, the lightweight backbone network, and the feature enhancement module are combined to construct a lightweight rapid recognition model for cow mounting behavior. Multiple cameras were installed in a barn with 200 cows to obtain 3343 images that formed the cow mounting behavior dataset. Based on the experimental results, the inference speed of the model put forward in this study is as high as 333.3 fps, the inference time per image is 4.1 ms, and the model mAP value is 87.7%. The mAP value of the proposed model is shown to be 2.1% higher than that of YOLOv5s, the inference speed is 0.47 times greater than that of YOLOv5s, and the model weight is 2.34 times less than that of YOLOv5s. According to the obtained results, the model proposed in the current work shows high accuracy and inference speed and acquires the automatic detection of cow mounting behavior in dense scenes, which would be beneficial for the all-weather real-time monitoring of multi-channel cameras in large cattle farms.
Pressure driven polymorphic transitions in nanocrystalline Lu2O3, Tm2O3 and Eu2O3
Authors: Bura Neha , Bhoriya Ankit , Yadav Deepa , Velaga Srihari , Govind Bal , Singh Jasveer , Poswal Himanshu Kumar , Sharma Nita Dilawar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe crystallite size of the materials considerably influences the material properties, including their compressibility and resistance to external forces and the stability of the crystalline structure; a corresponding study for which, so far, has been limited for the important class of nanocrystalline Rare Earth Sesquioxides (REOs). In the present study, we report the crystallographic structural transitions in nanocrystalline Rare Earth Oxides (REOs) under the influence of pressure, investigated via high-energy X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements. The study has been carried out on three of the REOs, namely Lutetium oxide (Lu2O3), Thulium oxide (Tm2O3) and Europium oxide (Eu2O3) up to the pressures of 33, 22 and 11 GPa, respectively. The diffraction data of Lu2O3 and Tm2O3 suggests the occurrence of irreversible structural transitions from cubic to monoclinic phase, while Eu2O3 showed a transition from the cubic to hexagonal phase. The transitions were found to be accompanied by a collapse in the volume and the resulting Pressure–Volume (P–V) graphs are fitted with the 3rd order Birch-Murnaghan (BM) equation of state (EOS) to estimate the bulk moduli and their pressure derivatives. Our study establishes a qualitative relationship between the crystallite size and various material properties such as the lattice parameters, transition pressure, bulk modulus etc., and strengthens the knowledge regarding the behaviour of this technologically important class of materials.
Transcervical artificial insemination in the brown brocket deer (Subulo gouazoubira): a promising method for assisted reproduction in deer
Authors: Duarte Gabriella Saloni , Galindo David Javier , Baldini Maria Helena Mazzoni , da Fonseca Jeferson Ferreira , Duarte José Mauricio Barbanti , Oliveira Maria Emilia Franco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to test the efficiency of transcervical artificial insemination techniques with cervical immobilization (TCAI-CI) or cervical traction (TCAI-CT), associated or not with the use of oxytocin (OT) as a protocol for cervical dilation, in the brown brocket deer (Subulo gouazoubira). The study was carried out in a crossover design using four adult females in two replicates with an interval of 60 days. Estrus was synchronized with oral melengestrol acetate (MGA) associated with estradiol benzoate and sodium cloprostenol. TCAI techniques were performed from 18 to 24 h after estrus onset. All females received either an i.v. application of 50 IU of OT (G-OT, n = 4) or 1 mL of saline solution (G-Control, n = 4) 20 min before the TCAI procedure. The TCAIs were performed using frozen-thawed semen motility 40%, vigor 3, acrosome integrity 87%, membrane integrity of 95% and 13% of total post-thaw defects from the same batch. Behavioral estrus was observed in 100% of the females, in both replicates. It was achieved a 50% (4/8) success of cervical transposition with semen deposition in the uterine. Regarding inseminations, most of them (87.5%) were performed using the TCAI-CT technique, and the overall conception rate was 50%. Cervical transposition times (< 1 min) and TCAI procedures (~ 17 min) were considered satisfactory. Thus, the performance of the TCAI-CI and TCAI-CT techniques was successful, regardless of using OT as a cervical dilation protocol. This procedure is proposed as a method of choice for artificial insemination with greater applicability in different conservation centers, compared to more advanced reproductive biotechniques, and with a favorable impact on the conservation of deer species.
Retest variability and patient reliability indices of quantitative fundus autofluorescence in age-related macular degeneration: a MACUSTAR study report
Authors: von der Emde Leon , Mallwitz Merten , Vaisband Marc , Hasenauer Jan , Saßmannshausen Marlene , Terheyden Jan Henrik ,   MACUSTAR Consortium, Agostini H. , Altay L. , Atia R. , Bandello F. , Basile P. G. , Batuca J. , Behning C. , Belmouhand M. , Berger M. , Binns A. , Boon C. J. F. , Böttger M. , Bouchet C. , Brazier J. E. , Butt T. , Carapezzi C. , Carlton J. , Carneiro A. , Charil A. , Coimbra R. , Cozzi M. , Crabb D. P. , Cunha-Vaz J. , Dahlke C. , de Sisternes L. , Dunbar H. , Finger R. P. , Fletcher E. , Floyd H. , Francisco C. , Gutfleisch M. , Hinz S. , Hogg R. , Holz F. G. , Hoyng C. B. , Kilani A. , Krätzschmar J. , Kühlewein L. , Larsen M. , Leal S. , Lechanteur Y. T. E. , Luhmann U. F. O. , Lüning A. , Marques I. , Martinho C. , Montesano G. , Mulyukov Z. , Paques M. , Parodi B. , Parravano M. , Penas S. , Peters T. , Peto T. , Pfau M. , Poor S. , Priglinger S. , Rowen D. , Rubin G. S. , Sahel J. , Sánchez C. , Sander O. , Saßmannshausen M. , Schmid M. , Schmitz-Valckenberg S. , Siedlecki J. , Silva R. , Skelly A. , Souied E. , Staurenghi G. , Stöhr L. , Taylor D. J. , Terheyden J. H. , Thiele S. , Tufail A. , Varano M. , Vieweg L. , Wintergerst L. , Wolf A. , Zakaria N. , Sloan Kenneth R. , Schmitz-Valckenberg Steffen , Finger Robert P. , Holz Frank G. , Ach Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the retest variability of quantitative fundus autofluorescence (QAF) in patients with and without age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and evaluate the predictive value of patient reliability indices on retest reliability. A total of 132 eyes from 68 patients were examined, including healthy individuals and those with various stages of AMD. Duplicate QAF imaging was conducted at baseline and 2 weeks later across six study sites. Intraclass correlation (ICC) analysis was used to evaluate the consistency of imaging, and mean opinion scores (MOS) of image quality were generated by two researchers. The contribution of MOS and other factors to retest variation was assessed using mixed-effect linear models. Additionally, a Random Forest Regressor was trained to evaluate the extent to which manual image grading of image quality could be replaced by automated assessment (inferred MOS). The results showed that ICC values were high for all QAF images, with slightly lower values in AMD-affected eyes. The average inter-day ICC was found to be 0.77 for QAF segments within the QAF8 ring and 0.74 for peripheral segments. Image quality was predicted with a mean absolute error of 0.27 on a 5-point scale, and of all evaluated reliability indices, MOS/inferred MOS proved most important. The findings suggest that QAF allows for reliable testing of autofluorescence levels at the posterior pole in patients with AMD in a multicenter, multioperator setting. Patient reliability indices could serve as eligibility criteria for clinical trials, helping identify patients with adequate retest reliability.
The importance of planning CT-based imaging features for machine learning-based prediction of pain response
Authors: Llorián-Salvador Óscar , Akhgar Joachim , Pigorsch Steffi , Borm Kai , Münch Stefan , Bernhardt Denise , Rost Burkhard , Andrade-Navarro Miguel A. , Combs Stephanie E. , Peeken Jan C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPatients suffering from painful spinal bone metastases (PSBMs) often undergo palliative radiation therapy (RT), with an efficacy of approximately two thirds of patients. In this exploratory investigation, we assessed the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) models trained on radiomics, semantic and clinical features to estimate complete pain response. Gross tumour volumes (GTV) and clinical target volumes (CTV) of 261 PSBMs were segmented on planning computed tomography (CT) scans. Radiomics, semantic and clinical features were collected for all patients. Random forest (RFC) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers were compared using repeated nested cross-validation. The best radiomics classifier was trained on CTV with an area under the receiver-operator curve (AUROC) of 0.62 ± 0.01 (RFC; 95% confidence interval). The semantic model achieved a comparable AUROC of 0.63 ± 0.01 (RFC), significantly below the clinical model (SVM, AUROC: 0.80 ± 0.01); and slightly lower than the spinal instability neoplastic score (SINS; LR, AUROC: 0.65 ± 0.01). A combined model did not improve performance (AUROC: 0,74 ± 0,01). We could demonstrate that radiomics and semantic analyses of planning CTs allowed for limited prediction of therapy response to palliative RT. ML predictions based on established clinical parameters achieved the best results.
Ramadan intermittent fasting is associated with ameliorated inflammatory markers and improved plasma sphingolipids/ceramides in subjects with obesity: lipidomics analysis
Authors: Madkour Mohamed Ibrahim , Islam Md Torikul , Tippetts Trevor S. , Chowdhury Kamrul H. , Lesniewski Lisa A. , Summers Scott A. , Zeb Falak , Abdelrahim Dana N. , AlKurd Refat , Khraiwesh Husam M. , AbuShihab Katia H. , AlBakri Asma , Obaideen Khaled , Faris MoezAlIslam E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntermittent fasting (IF) is associated with enormous metabolic alterations that underpin its diverse health effects. Changes in lipid metabolism, particularly ceramides, and other sphingolipids, are among the most notable of these alterations. This study investigated the lipidomic alterations associated with 29–30 days of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting (RIF) in metabolically healthy overweight and obese subjects. A prospective cohort of 57 overweight and obese adults (70% males, 38.4 ± 11.2 years), with an age range of 18–58 years was observed prior to and at the conclusion of Ramadan. At both time points, anthropometric, biochemical (lipid profile, glycemic, and inflammatory markers), and dietary intake measurements were taken. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, a lipidomic analysis of ceramides and other sphingolipids was conducted. Using paired sample t-tests, pre- and post-Ramadan anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary values were compared. RIF was associated with improved levels of lipid profile compartments and inflammatory markers. In addition, RIF was associated with a decrease in plasma sphingosine and sphinganine, which was accompanied by a decrease in sphingosine 1-phosphate and sphinganine 1-phosphate. In addition, RIF was associated with decreased C17, C22, and C24 sphingomyelin, but not C14, C16, C18, C20, and C24:1 sphingomyelin, as well as C20, C22, C24, and C24:1 dihydrosphingomyelin, but not C16 and C18 dihydrosphingomyelin. This study demonstrates that RIF is associated with improvements in plasma sphingosine, sphinganine sphingomyelin, and dihydrosphingomyelin lipid species, as well as improved lipid profile and inflammatory markers, which may confer short-term protection against cardiometabolic problems in patients with overweight/obesity.
Research on panic spread and decision behaviour in a delayed SEIR evolutionary game model under an emergency
Authors: Lv Rongjian , Li Hua , Sun Qiubai , Li Bowen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTaking major emergencies as the research background, the transmission mechanism for panic spread and the decision behaviour of the opinion field are explored in this paper. By using evolutionary game theory to explore the game relationship between the official opinion field and the public opinion field and by considering the existence of strategy dependency in the same game group, the dependence coefficient is introduced to improve replicator dynamics. The dynamic delayed SEIR evolutionary game model is built by combining the epidemic model with the delay effect within the group, and the stability of the proposed model is analysed. The research results show that the strategy dependency among the same game group has positive and negative effects on the evolution process. The evolution of the dynamic delayed panic SEIR evolutionary game spread model under the effect of a positive effect is simulated. The results suggest that the official opinion field and the public opinion field should actively deal with emergencies, formulate effective control strategies to make the panic within the group disappear, and provide theoretical guidance for the relevant government to formulate plans.
Dormancy-break and germination requirements for seeds of the threatened Austral papaya (Carica chilensis)
Authors: Loayza Andrea P. , García-Guzmán Patricio , Carozzi-Figueroa Giovanni , Carvajal Danny E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSeed dormancy is one of the most important adaptive mechanisms in plants, optimizing germination, seedling emergence, and establishment to ensure these processes occur when environmental conditions are favorable for plant survival and growth. Endemic to rocky environments of the southern Atacama Desert, the Austral papaya (Carica chilensis) is the papaya species with the southernmost distribution within the Caricaceae, thriving in the most extreme environmental conditions. This threatened plant exhibits low natural regeneration, primarily attributed to low germination, yet no information regarding seed dormancy release is available. In this study, we investigated the dormancy-break and germination requirements ofC. chilensis. We hypothesized that ifC. chilensisseeds exhibit physiological dormancy, then seeds with reduced moisture content and those treated with chemicals or growth hormones would exhibit higher germination percentages and faster germination than control seeds akin to other members of Caricacea. Our results confirmed this prediction and revealed that ultra-drying (< 3% moisture content) and treating seeds with sulfuric acid, gibberellic acid, or potassium nitrate are the most effective methods for germinatingC. chilensis. Consequently, we suggest using these treatments to propagate this threatened papaya species.
Characterization of three-nucleate Rhizoctonia AG-E based on their morphology and phylogeny
Authors: Moliszewska Ewa , Maculewicz Dagna , Stępniewska Hanna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe genus Rhizoctonia has been classified into two main groups according to the number of nuclei. Binucleate Rhizoctonia strains have two nuclei in each cell, whereas multinucleate Rhizoctonia fungi were observed to have a variable number of nuclei ranging from 4 to 16 in each cell. In the study, twelve Polish isolates were tested. According to ITS1-5,8S-ITS2 rDNA sequences, the isolates were classified in the AG-E. Their affiliation to AG was confirmed by anastomosis reactions with tester isolates. The number of nuclei was counted with DAPI staining under a fluorescent microscope, and the diameter of the hyphae was also measured. Not all AG-E isolates had the same number of nuclei in their cells: one group among these fungi produced cells with a diverse number of nuclei, usually 3; however, this number ranged from 2 to 4, making the average number of nuclei close to 3. It can be assumed that all isolates with three nuclei belong to this group, which may greatly facilitate the preliminary identification of trinucleate isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. belonging to AG-E. Based on these characters, we call these isolates AG-E-3n isolates. The thiamine requirement is not helpful in classifying and describing the AG-E strains.
The novel sterilization device: the prototype testing
Authors: Nowak Robert , Wityk Paweł , Wierzbicka-Woś Anna , Gos Waldemar , Kostrzewa-Nowak Dorota 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCurrently, there are numerous methods that can be used to neutralize pathogens (i.e., devices, tools, or protective clothing), but the sterilizing agent must be selected so that it does not damage or change the properties of the material to which it is applied. Dry sterilization with hydrogen peroxide gas (VHP) in combination with UV-C radiation is well described and effective method of sterilization. This paper presents the design, construction, and analysis of a novel model of sterilization device. Verification of the sterilization process was performed, using classical microbiological methods and flow cytometry, on samples containing Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores, Bacillus subtilis spores, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Flow cytometry results were in line with the standardized microbiological tests and confirmed the effectiveness of the sterilization process. It was also determined that mobile sterilization stations represent a valuable solution when dedicated to public institutions and businesses in the tourism sector, sports & fitness industry, or other types of services, e.g., cosmetic services. A key feature of this solution is the ability to adapt the device within specific constraints to the user’s needs.