bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of an oral vaccine using Lactococcus lactis against brucellosis: an in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Kazemi-Roudsari Mahsa , Doosti Abbas , Jami Mohammad-Saeid 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBrucellosis is regarded as one of the world’s most severe zoonotic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of using recombinant Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) as a live vector to produce recombinant Brucella abortus (B. abortus) Omp10. The gene sequences were obtained from GenBank. The proteins’ immunogenicity was assessed using Vaxijen. After confirming the cloning of the Omp10 gene in the pNZ8148 vector by enzymatic digestion and PCR, transformation into L. lactis was done. SDS-PAGE and western blot methods evaluated omp10 protein expression. Mice received oral recombinant L. lactis vaccines. IgG antibodies against Omp10 were tested using ELISA. Real-time PCR and ELISA were used to analyze cytokine responses. Survival rate and histopathological changes were evaluated after the challenge. Omp10 was chosen for its 1.5524 antigenicity score. Enzymatic digestion and PCR identified a 381-bp gene fragment. A 10 kDa band indicated the success of L. lactis transformation. Mice administered the L. lactis-pNZ8148-Omp10-Usp45 vaccination 14 days after priming showed significantly higher Omp10-specific total IgG and IgG1 (P < 0.001) than the PBS control group. The mice who received the L. lactis-pNZ8148-Omp10-Usp45 and IRBA vaccines had significantly elevated levels of IFN-γ, TNFα, IL-4, and IL-10 in samples collected on days 14 and 28 (P < 0.001). Inflammatory response, morphological damage, alveolar edema, and lymphocyte infiltration were reduced in the target group. A recombinant L. lactis expressing the Omp10 protein was constructed as an oral Lactococcus-based vaccine and compared to live attenuated vaccines for future brucellosis investigations.
Current progression in application of extracellular vesicles in central nervous system diseases
Authors: Zhang Xiang-Min , Huang Jie , Ni Xiao-Ying , Zhu Hui-Ru , Huang Zhong-Xin , Ding Shuang , Yang Xin-Yi , Tan Yan-Di , Chen Jian-Fu , Cai Jin-Hua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEarly diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases has been a long-standing challenge for clinical research due to the presence of the blood–brain barrier. Specific proteins and RNAs in brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) usually reflect the corresponding state of brain disease, and therefore, EVs can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for CNS diseases. In addition, EVs can be engineered and fused to target cells for delivery of cargo, demonstrating the great potential of EVs as a nanocarrier platform. We review the progress of EVs as markers and drug carriers in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. The main areas include visual imaging, biomarker diagnosis and drug loading therapy for different types of CNS diseases. It is hoped that increased knowledge of EVs will facilitate their clinical translation in CNS diseases.
Cell death of alveolar lymphocytes and monocytes is negatively correlated with driving pressure and mechanical power in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Leu Shaw-Woei , Chu Chien-Min , Chung Chia-Jung , Huang Chih-Yu , Wang Chao-Hung , Li Li-Fu , Wu Huang-Pin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) involves immune cell death and removal from the injured lungs. ARDS severity is related to lung compliance. However, the correlation between the respiratory mechanics and alveolar immune cell death in patients with ARDS remains unclear.

Methods
Twenty-four patients with respiratory failure and ARDS were enrolled in the intensive care unit between November 2019 and November 2021. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and cell death of lymphocytes and monocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected on days 1 and 8.

Results
Lung compliance was positively correlated with the cell death percentage of alveolar CD4/CD8 lymphocytes and monocytes on day 8 (Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) = 0.554, p = 0.005; r = 0.422, p = 0.040; r = 0.569, p = 0.004, respectively). There was no association between lung compliance and the percentage of alveolar NETs on days 1 and 8. The cell death percentages of alveolar CD4/CD8 lymphocytes and monocytes were negatively correlated with driving pressure (DP) on days 1 (r = − 0.440, p = 0.032; r = − 0.613, p = 0.001; r = -0.557, p = 0.005, respectively) and 8 (r = − 0.459, p = 0.024; r = − 0.407, p = 0.048; r = − 0.607, p = 0.002, respectively). The cell death percentages of alveolar CD4/CD8 lymphocytes and monocytes were also negatively correlated with mechanical power (MP) on days 1 (r = − 0.558, p = 0.005; r = − 0.593, p = 0.002; r = − 0.571, p = 0.004, respectively) and 8 (r = − 0.539, p = 0.007; r = − 0.338, p = 0.107; r = − 0.649, p < 0.001, respectively). The percentage of alveolar NETs on days 1 and 8 was not associated with DP or MP.

Conclusion
Patients with higher cell death rates of alveolar CD4/CD8 lymphocytes and monocytes exhibited lower DP and MP. Patients with less cell death of alveolar CD4/CD8 lymphocytes and monocytes required more DP or MP to maintain adequate ventilation.
Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing of nanomaterial composite inks and their applications
Authors: Ul Hassan Rizwan , Sharipov Mirkomil , Ryu WonHyoung 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe utilization of high-resolution printed flexible electronic devices is prevalent in various fields, including energy storage, intelligent healthcare monitoring, soft robotics, and intelligent human–machine interaction, owing to its compact nature and mechanical flexibility. The EHD jet printing technology has the potential to develop the field of printing industry through its ability to fabricate high-resolution, flexible, stretchable, and 3D structures for electronic applications such as displays, sensors, and transistors. The EHD jet printing technology involves the use of solution-based inks made of diverse functional materials to print a wide range of structures. Consequently, it is imperative to have a comprehensive understanding of nanomaterial composites that are printed using EHD jet printing technology. This review provides a thorough overview of nanomaterial composite inks printed for electronic devices using EHD jet printing technology. In particular, a comprehensive overview has been provided about the utilization of EHD jet printing for nanomaterial composites in several domains, including flexible electrodes, flexible displays, transistors, energy harvesting, sensors, and biomedical applications. Moreover, this analysis presents a concise overview of the limitations and prospective future directions for nanomaterial composites fabricated by EHD jet printing.
Data reduction techniques for highly imbalanced medicare Big Data
Authors: Hancock John T. , Wang Huanjing , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M. , Liang Qianxin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the domain of Medicare insurance fraud detection, handling imbalanced Big Data and high dimensionality remains a significant challenge. This study assesses the combined efficacy of two data reduction techniques: Random Undersampling (RUS), and a novel ensemble supervised feature selection method. The techniques are applied to optimize Machine Learning models for fraud identification in the classification of highly imbalanced Big Medicare Data. Utilizing two datasets from The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) labeled by the List of Excluded Individuals/Entities (LEIE), our principal contribution lies in empirically demonstrating that data reduction techniques applied to these datasets significantly improves classification performance. The study employs a systematic experimental design to investigate various scenarios, ranging from using each technique in isolation to employing them in combination. The results indicate that a synergistic application of both techniques outperforms models that utilize all available features and data. Moreover, reduction in the number of features leads to more explainable models. Given the enormous financial implications of Medicare fraud, our findings not only offer computational advantages but also significantly enhance the effectiveness of fraud detection systems, thereby having the potential to improve healthcare services.
Feasibility of 177Lu activity quantification using a small portable CZT-based gamma-camera
Authors: Roth Daniel , Larsson Erik , Strand Joanna , Ljungberg Michael , Sjögreen Gleisner Katarina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In image processing for activity quantification, the end goal is to produce a metric that is independent of the measurement geometry. Photon attenuation needs to be accounted for and can be accomplished utilizing spectral information, avoiding the need of additional image acquisitions. The aim of this work is to investigate the feasibility of 177Lu activity quantification with a small CZT-based hand-held gamma-camera, using such an attenuation correction method.

Methods
A previously presented dual photopeak method, based on the differential attenuation for two photon energies, is adapted for the three photopeaks at 55 keV, 113 keV, and 208 keV for 177Lu. The measurement model describes the count rates in each energy window as a function of source depth and activity, accounting for distance-dependent system sensitivity, attenuation, and build-up. Parameter values are estimated from characterizing measurements, and the source depth and activity are obtained by minimizing the difference between measured and modelled count rates. The method is applied and evaluated in phantom measurements, in a clinical setting for superficial lesions in two patients, and in a pre-clinical setting for one human tumour xenograft. Evaluation is made for a LEHR and an MEGP collimator.

Results
For phantom measurements at clinically relevant depths, the average (and standard deviation) in activity errors are 17% ± 9.6% (LEHR) and 2.9% ± 3.6% (MEGP). For patient measurements, deviations from activity estimates from planar images from a full-sized gamma-camera are 0% ± 21% (LEHR) and 16% ± 18% (MEGP). For mouse measurements, average deviations of − 16% (LEHR) and − 6% (MEGP) are obtained when compared to a small-animal SPECT/CT system. The MEGP collimator appears to be better suited for activity quantification, yielding a smaller variability in activity estimates, whereas the LEHR results are more severely affected by septal penetration.

Conclusions
Activity quantification for 177Lu using the hand-held camera is found to be feasible. The readily available nature of the hand-held camera may enable more frequent activity quantification in e.g., superficial structures in patients or in the pre-clinical setting.
Physical Activity Participation Decreases the Risk of Depression in Older Adults: The ATHLOS Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Lima Rodrigo A. , Condominas Elena , Sanchez-Niubo Albert , Olaya Beatriz , Koyanagi Ai , de Miquel Carlota , Haro Josep Maria 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
To which extent physical activity is associated with depression independent of older adults’ physical and cognitive functioning is largely unknown. This cohort study using harmonised data by the EU Ageing Trajectories of Health: Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies consortium, including over 20 countries, to evaluate the longitudinal association of physical activity (light-to-moderate or vigorous intensity) with depression in older adults (aged ≥ 50 years).

Results
We evaluated 56,818 participants (light-to-moderate models; 52.7% females, age 50–102 years) and 62,656 participants (vigorous models; 52.7% females, age 50–105 years). Compared to never, light-to-moderate or vigorous physical activity was associated with a lower incidence rate ratio (IRR) of depression (light-to-moderate model: once/week: 0.632, 95% CI 0.602–0.663; twice or more/week: 0.488, 95% CI 0.468–0.510; vigorous model: once/week: 0.652, 95% CI 0.623–0.683; twice or more/week: 0.591, 95% CI 0.566–0.616). Physical activity remained associated with depression after adjustment for the healthy ageing scale, which is a scale that incorporated 41 items of physical and cognitive functioning (light-to-moderate model: once/week: 0.787, 95% CI 0.752–0.824; twice or more/week: 0.711, 95% CI 0.682–0.742; vigorous model: once/week: 0.828, 95% CI 0.792–0.866; twice or more/week: 0.820, 95% CI 0.786–0.856).

Conclusions
Physical activity, of any intensity and weekly frequency, was a strong protective factor against depression, independent of physical and mental functioning. Health policies could stimulate the incorporation of lower physical activity intensity to protect against depression, which might be more feasible at the population level.
Optimal tracking control for underactuated airship
Authors: Atyya Mohamed , ElBayoumi Gamal M. , Lotfy Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA non-linear mathematical model of underactuated airship is derived in this paper based on Euler-Newton approach. The model is linearized with small disturbance theory, producing a linear time varying (LTV) model. The LTV model is verified by comparing its output response with the result of the nonlinear model for a given input signal. The verified LTV model is used in designing the LQT controller. The controller is designed to minimize the error between the output and required states response with acceptable control signals using a weighted cost function. Two LQT controllers are presented in this work based on two different costates transformations used in solving the differential Riccati equation (DRE). The first proposed assumption of costates transformation has a good tracking performance, but it is sensitive to the change of trajectory profile, whereas the second one overcomes this problem due to considering the trajectory dynamics. Therefore, the first assumption is performed across the whole trajectory tracking except for parts of trajectory profile changes where the second assumption is applied. The hybrid LQT controller is used and tested on circular, helical, and bowed trajectories. The simulation assured that the introduced hybrid controller results in improving airship performance.
A new QoS-aware service discovery technique in the Internet of Things using whale optimization and genetic algorithms
Authors: Liu Xiao , Deng Yun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRapid technological advances have made daily life easier and more convenient in recent years. As an emerging technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) facilitates interactions between physical devices. With the advent of sensors and features on everyday items, they have become intelligent entities able to perform multiple functions as services. IoT enables routine activities to become more intelligent, deeper communication, and processes more efficient. In the dynamic landscape of the IoT, effective service discovery is key to optimizing user experiences. A Quality of Service (QoS)-aware service discovery technique is proposed in this paper to address this challenge. Through whale optimization and genetic algorithms, our method aims to streamline decision-making processes in IoT service selection. The bio-inspired optimization techniques employed in our approach facilitate the discovery of services more efficiently than traditional methods. Our results demonstrate superior performance regarding reduced data access time, optimized energy utilization, and cost-effectiveness through comprehensive simulations.
Incidence and Prevalence of Fibrous Dysplasia/McCune-Albright Syndrome: A Nationwide Registry-Based Study in Denmark
Authors: Meier Maartje E , Vágó Emese , Abrahamsen Bo , Dekkers Olaf M , Horváth-Puhó Erzsébet , Rejnmark Lars , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
Fibrous dysplasia/McCune-Albright syndrome (FD/MAS) is a rare genetic disorder. Incidence and prevalence are not well-studied. Epidemiological research is complicated by the rarity of FD/MAS, absence of registries, heterogeneous presentation, and possibly asymptomatic phenotype. FD/MAS may present with FGF23-mediated hypophosphatemia, of which the epidemiology is also unclear.

Objective
Evaluate incidence and prevalence of FD/MAS and FD/MAS-related hypophosphatemia.

Methods
This cohort study based on the nationwide Danish National Patient Registry from 1995-2018, included patients identified by ICD-10 codes M85.0 (monostotic FD [MFD]) and Q78.1 (polyostotic FD [PFD]/MAS). Incidence rates and prevalence were calculated and stratified by sex, age, calendar period, and diagnosis code. Cases were screened for FD-associated hypophosphatemia by diagnosis code E.83 (disorder of mineral metabolism) and dispatched vitamin D analogues.

Results
A total of 408 patients were identified, 269 with MFD (66%), 139 with PFD/MAS (34%), comparable between sexes. Incidence of FD/MAS demonstrated increasing secular trend with a rate of 3.6 per 1 000 000 person-years (95% CI: 2.9, 4.5) in 2015-2018. Incidence peaked between age 11 and 20. Prevalence of FD/MAS increased over time to 61.0 (95% CI: 54.6, 67.4) per 1 000 000 persons in 2018. The incidence rate of MFD was 1.5-fold that of PFD/MAS in the first decade, rising to 2.5-fold in the last decade. No FD/MAS cases were registered with diagnosis code or treatment for hypophosphatemia.

Conclusion
FD/MAS is rare, diagnosis peaks during adolescence without sex predominance, and MFD is most prevalent. Hypophosphatemia may be underdiagnosed and undertreated, or it may be underregistered, comparing this study to literature.
Three-Dimensional Morphological Change of Intracranial Aneurysms Before and Around Rupture
Authors: Kamphuis Maarten J. , Timmins Kimberley M. , Kuijf Hugo J. , de Graaf Eva K. L. , Rinkel Gabriel J. E. , Vergouwen Mervyn D. I. , van der Schaaf Irene C. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Patients with an unruptured intracranial aneurysm often undergo periodic imaging to detect potential aneurysm growth, which is associated with an increased rupture risk. Because prediction of rupture based on growth is moderate, morphological changes have gained interest as a risk factor for rupture. We studied 3-dimensional–quantified morphological changes over time during radiological monitoring before rupture and around rupture.

METHODS:
In this retrospective observational study, we identified aneurysms that ruptured during follow-up, with imaging available for at least 2 time points before rupture and one after rupture. For each time point, we obtained 8 morphological parameters: 2-dimensional size, volume, surface area, compactness 1 and 2, sphericity, elongation, and flatness. Morphological changes before rupture and around rupture were log-transformed, scaled, and analyzed with linear mixed-effects models.

RESULTS:
We included 16 aneurysms in 16 patients who were imaged between 2004 and 2021. In the time period before rupture (median follow-up duration 1200 days, IQR 736-1340), 3 size-related morphological parameters increased: 2-dimensional size (estimated mean change 0.44, 95% CI 0.24-0.65), volume (estimated mean change 0.34, 95% CI 0.12-0.56), and surface area (0.33, 95% CI 0.11-0.54). In the period around rupture (median follow-up duration 407 days, IQR 148-719), these parameters further increased. In addition, 5 morphological parameters (compactness 1 and 2, sphericity, elongation, and flatness) decreased around rupture but not before rupture.

CONCLUSION:
Change in aneurysm volume and surface area may be novel risk factors for rupture. Because most morphological parameters changed around but not before rupture, morphological changes during these 2 periods should be regarded as different processes. This implies that postrupture morphology should not be used as a surrogate for prerupture morphology in rupture prediction models.
Do electromagnetic fields significantly affect thyroid cells and their functions? – A systematic review
Authors: Zufry Hendra , Rudijanto Achmad , Soeatmadji Djoko Wahono , Sakti Setyawan Purnomo , Munadi Khairul , Sujuti Hidayat , Mintaroem Karyono 
Published: January 2024

Background: This review aimed to emphasize the effects, mechanisms involved, conditions required to trigger impacts, and the adapted responses of EMF on thyroid gland. Methods: The included literatures were collected from the Oceania Radiofrequency Scientific Advisory Association (ORSAA) database which were published before April 2021. The searched was then refined with keyword ‘thyroid’. Results: A total of 15 experimental studies, 10 observational studies, 4 review articles, and 1 medical hypothesis were included. Hypothyroidism is the most reported functional abnormality. The identified morphological abnormalities of the thyroid gland include increased follicular epithelial and interfollicular tissue, decreased colloid volume of cubic cells, follicular fluid, interfollicular space, changes in lysosomes, granular endoplasmic reticulum, cell nuclei, changes in glandular structures including cell hypotrophy, glandular hypertrophy, and increased apoptosis via caspase-dependent pathways. The observational studies reported an increase in thyroid cancer incidence and the diameter of the left anteroposterior of the thyroid gland. Postulation that thyroid cancer is associated with thyroid cancer EMF exposure, is suggested by a medical hypothesis paper. The possibilities of hypothyroidism, thyroid cancer, and cell apoptosis due to EMF exposure have been highlighted in the review articles. Conclusion: Despite these findings, critical elements, such as the effects and mechanisms of EMF exposure on thyroid hormone transporters, genomic and non-genomic actions, conditions required for the effect to occur, and the resultant adapted responses, have not been explored suggesting the need of further research.
Hard x-ray grazing-incidence ptychography: large field-of-view nanostructure imaging with ultra-high surface sensitivity
Authors: Jørgensen P. S. , Besley L. , Slyamov A. M. , Diaz A. , Guizar-Sicairos M. , Odstrčil M. , Holler M. , Silvestre C. , Chang B. , Detlefs C. , Andreasen J. W. 
Published: January 2024

The morphology and distribution of nanoscale structures, such as
catalytic active nanoparticles and quantum dots on surfaces, have a
significant impact on their function. Thus, the capability of
monitoring these properties during manufacturing and operation is
crucial for the development of devices that rely on such materials. We
demonstrate a technique that allows highly surface-sensitive imaging
of nanostructures on planar surfaces over large areas. The
capabilities of hard x-ray grazing-incidence ptychography combine
aspects from imaging, reflectometry, and grazing-incidence small angle
scattering in providing images that cover a large field of view along
the beam direction while providing high surface sensitivity. For
homogeneous samples, it yields a surface profile sensitivity better
than 1 nm normal to the surface, with a poorer resolution in
the sample surface plane, (i.e., along the beam and transverse
to the beam). Like other surface scattering methods, this technique
facilitates the characterization of nanostructures across
statistically significant surface areas or volumes but with additional
spatial information. In this work, we present a reconstructed test
object spanning 4.5mm×20µm with 20 nm high topology.
The Dream, Fabio Bucciarelli and Peter Bouckaert (2016)
Authors: Ebrahimi Mehraneh 
Published: January 2024

Review of: The Dream, Fabio Bucciarelli and Peter Bouckaert (2016)
Brooklyn, NY: Foto Evidence Press, 160 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-99639-121-4, h/bk, $50