bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How free is the position of German object pronouns?
Authors: Bader Markus 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Corpus studies show that weak object pronouns in German directly precede or follow the subject, depending on properties of the subject, including weight, animacy and thematic role. Whether the same factors also affect the acceptability of sentences with object pronouns was investigated in three magnitude-estimation experiments. The results show that both orders (object pronoun before/after subject) are highly acceptable, with some small acceptability differences depending on weight, animacy and thematic roles. Based on these results, the hypothesis is advanced that the position of weak object pronouns in German relative to the subject is an instance of free variation within the grammar but choosing a specific order during language production follows general production preferences and is thus not random.
Non-verbal plural number agreement. Between the distributive plural and singular
Authors: Rudnicka Karolina , Klégr Aleš 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Unlike Slavic languages, such as Polish and Czech, English is assumed to prefer distributive plural agreement between the plural subject and the noun in the predicate part of the sentence. The aim of this paper is to verify this claim and (since this preference is apparently not without exceptions) provide an overview of scenarios in which the tendency for the distributive plural is overruled. We start with a classification of factors blocking the use of the plural and enabling the use of distributive singular. The preference is tested by reviewing the occurrences of two constructions, lose one’s life and lose one’s job,1 in the BNC2 and COCA,3 In view of the distributive singular cases in the dataset, the chapter investigates the possibility of the distributive plural and singular cases being in a free variation and proposes a new condition for them to be seen as such: they need to have a similar distribution across different genres.
Variation and change in the Aanaar Saami conditional perfect
Authors: Niinemägi Merit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The present study captures a case of language variation in the verbal system of Aanaar (Inari) Saami, namely that of the conditional perfect, which can be expressed by two periphrastic constructions. The aim of this paper is twofold: (1) to give a diachronic description of the Aanaar Saami conditional perfect and (2) to investigate whether its variation can be considered to be ‘free’ or whether it is explainable by intra- and extralinguistic determinants. The data consists of language samples gathered in 1887 and 1952, the Aanaar Saami text corpus and a survey carried out in 2020. The diachronic comparison indicates changes in the variation which are, among others, discussed in the light of linguistic interference and Aanaar Saami’s recent revitalisation.
Syntactic priming and individual preferences
Authors: Rosemeyer Malte 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses the relation between syntactic priming/persistence and individual preferences in the variation between the two forms of the Spanish past subjunctive (-ra vs -se). The analysis finds that the probability of repetition of one of these variants is governed by an interaction between individual preferences and the difference between self- and other-priming. Previous use of a variant by another speaker is more likely to lead to persistence than previous use by the current speaker in the case that the current speaker does not usually prefer usage of the variant in question. However, if the current speaker prefers usage of the variant in question, this situation is inverted. These findings suggest that for speakers who prefer usage of the primed variant, self-priming in corpus data might actually be more adequately explained as an effect of individual preferences.
Optionality, variation and categorial properties
Authors: Yu Yidong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, I propose a semantic account of the optionality of plural marking in Yucatec Maya (Mayan; Mexico) which pins the variation in plural marking on the variation in noun denotations (Chierchia 1998; Borer 2005; Deal 2017; Moroney 2021). I argue that this optionality is not a free variation. I further argue that the noun denotations vary between apportionable and generic, which is manifested in the option of a pseudopartitive operation (Selkirk 1977; Higginbotham 1994) available at the final stage of the interpretation of the nouns in the semantics. The fact that, by this account, the computation of Yucatec constructions that involve counting yields correct results provides further supporting evidence for the proposed analysis.
Animal Rescue Tourism: Supporting the Welfare and Rights of Domesticated Street Animals in the Age of Social Media
Authors: Blaer Madelene 
Published: October 2023

Summary
This case focuses on domesticated animals in tourism and explores how animal rescue organisations can engage voluntourism to promote animal welfare and rights in the digital age. A key issue addressed is how social media can be both harmful and beneficial for animals in tourism. In terms of the latter, the case shows how an animal rescue organisation in India has leveraged social media to heighten awareness and engagement in animal welfare and rights through tourism. Rather than partake in harmful wildlife selfies or unwittingly support cruel industry practices, voluntourists actively help to rescue and rehabilitate injured and ill street animals and further promote the cause by sharing their experiences online. Through detailing a real-world example of an organisation that promotes animal rights while simultaneously providing voluntourists with meaningful experiences, this case study encourages reader reflection on animal ethics in tourism. Interested stakeholders, including other animal rescue organisations, can use and adopt the lessons learnt to achieve similar positive outcomes.

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The ‘thin lens’ in the light of idealisations
Authors: Winkelmann Jan , Römer Daniel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper argues that the simplifying idealisations assumed in making complex science tractable should be identified and discussed before model-building. It is suggested that alternative conceptions can persist, and learning difficulties arise for students when they do not adequately understand these idealisations. We argue that explicitly addressing idealisations for a particular physical phenomenon can ease students’ conceptual understanding. A theoretical framework for identifying and reflecting idealisations is introduced based on epistemological considerations from science philosophy. The thin lens approximation of geometric optics, a common topic taught in the introductory classroom, is used as an archetypal illustration.
Analysis of intracranial pressure pulse waveform in studies on cerebrospinal compliance: a narrative review
Authors: Kazimierska Agnieszka , Manet Romain , Vallet Alexandra , Schmidt Eric , Czosnyka Zofia , Czosnyka Marek , Kasprowicz Magdalena 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Continuous monitoring of mean intracranial pressure (ICP) has been an essential part of neurocritical care for more than half a century. Cerebrospinal pressure–volume compensation, i.e. the ability of the cerebrospinal system to buffer changes in volume without substantial increases in ICP, is considered an important factor in preventing adverse effects on the patient’s condition that are associated with ICP elevation. However, existing assessment methods are poorly suited to the management of brain injured patients as they require external manipulation of intracranial volume. In the 1980s, studies suggested that spontaneous short-term variations in the ICP signal over a single cardiac cycle, called the ICP pulse waveform, may provide information on cerebrospinal compensatory reserve. In this review we discuss the approaches that have been proposed so far to derive this information, from pulse amplitude estimation and spectral techniques to most recent advances in morphological analysis based on artificial intelligence solutions. Each method is presented with focus on its clinical significance and the potential for application in standard clinical practice. Finally, we highlight the missing links that need to be addressed in future studies in order for ICP pulse waveform analysis to achieve widespread use in the neurocritical care setting.
Numerical calculation for instability criterion of tearing modes influenced by energetic ions
Authors: Ma Yuehao , Zhang Runzhe , Cai Huishan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The instability criterion of tearing modes, including the effects of circulating energetic ions (CEIs), is numerically solved through an iterative method and fast Fourier transform algorithm. The influence of beta (the ratio of pressure to the magnetic pressure) profile of CEIs and magnetic shear on instability criterion of the tearing modes are investigated systematically. CEIs impact the tearing modes through altering the total perturbed parallel current density, and the gradient of their beta profile at the rational surface (the location of tearing mode) plays an important role. The effect of CEIs on tearing modes depends on the deposition position and the toroidal circulating direction of CEIs. Specifically, the on-axis peaked co-CEIs have a stabilizing effect on tearing modes. For off-axis peaked co-CEIs, in order to stabilize the tearing modes, the deposition position of co-CEIs should be located between the magnetic axis and rational surface, and there is an optimal peak width and deposition location where the stabilizing effect is strongest. For counter-CEIs, they would destabilize the tearing modes when the deposition position is located between the magnetic axis and rational surface. However, if the deposition position is located near the outside rational surface, counter-CEIs have a stabilizing effect on tearing modes. Furthermore, there exists a critical deposition position for CEIs. Whether CEIs plays a stable role or an unstable role depends on the deposition position within or outside the critical deposition position. The critical deposition position is related to the orbital width of CEIs. Finally, the magnetic shear can stabilize the tearing modes, but the effect of co-CEIs on tearing modes is weakened as the magnetic shear increases.
Water Quality Assessment of Lake Maninjau After the Mass Fish Kill Event
Authors: Jasalesmana Taofik , Putri Mutiara Rachmat , Abdurrachman Mirzam , Henny Cynthia , Nomosatryo Sulung , Akhdiana Ira 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA mass fish kill is often occurring in Lake Maninjau. A lack of oxygen has reportedly resulted in numerous fish kills, including the recent lake Maninjau condition. Deoxygenation of lake water is a natural phenomenon that often occurs after heavy rain events and low sunlight intensity. Additionally, during the strong wind for a long period, the decrease in oxygen could be chemically triggered by the diffusion of sulfide from the bottom layer of the water column. Furthermore, this study examines water quality parameters after the mass fish mortality occurred across locations in Lake Maninjau. Field surveys were conducted by measuring physiochemical parameters and total sulfide at the Fifteen sampling points (five points in the middle and ten points around the lake) from November 26 to December 2, 2022. They were measured directly using the Horriba©U 52 water quality checker (WQC), DO meter YSI ProDO© International and the HACH spectrophotometer DR3900 method. The results show that the average DO levels at each observation point were close to 0 mg/L while the average sulfide level on the surface was 9.5 micro g/L. The average Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) of -79.26 mV indicates that the lake is in a reduced state and signifies that much of the dead and decaying material in the water would be slowly broken down and decomposed. Low ORP values indicate that the compound in the water is available in reduced form, which is more toxic. Our diel DO measurement show that sunlight intensity was effective in increasing oxygen concentration in the lake.
Fragmentation Evaluation of Some Selected Mudrock Indiced by Physical and Mineralogical Properties
Authors: Misbahudin  , Perdana P R D , Fatimah D Y , Amanda F F , Kusumastuti D P , Wicaksono B , Chairat A S N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Not many mudrock in Indonesia have been evaluated for slaking characteristics. Mudrock disintegrates rapidly when interacting with the atmosphere and hydrosphere. This research investigates the fragmentation of slaked claystone from the Kerek Formation. These formations are known for causing road, slope, and land-strengthening engineering problems along Jalan Semarang-Bawen, Middle Java, Indonesia. In this research, the method includes quantitative analysis of rock slaking level, which collides with the physical and mineralogical properties of the rocks. The slaking test with natural exposure for four cycles was carried out on as many as five samples. It is found the durability parameter value for all samples generally shows a slight difference. The durability index and Fragment Size Distribution Ratio in the 4-month cycle may be considered to evaluate the degree of fragmentation of material mudrock. RGL.0708.10 have an average DIR of 11.81%, and RGI.0908.1 is 2.18%. The value of FSDRatio
for RGI.0908.2, RGL.0908.1, RGI.0908.1, and RGI.0708.3 is 1.00, whereas RGI.0708.10 is 0.9997. The indices in this research can be projected and considered to be used in another formation sample with engineering problems. The mineralogical composition of smectite minerals does not show a significant relationship to affect the fragmentation of mudrock with R2 .0.268 in month-4 for the DIR
and 0.1322 for the FSDRatio
. On the microscopic texture of the sample, there is the presence of calcite minerals, and a modest relationship exists between calcite content and its effect on the fragmentation of mudrock with R2 for DR
and FSDRatio
, respectively 0.6797 and 0.4732. In addition, physical properties such as natural water content highly influence mudrock’s durability with R2 for DIR
and FSDRatio
, respectively 0.8321 and 0.9023.
Rain Scanner Radar and Optical Flow Combination For Early Identification of The Incoming Bow Echo Heavy Precipitation
Authors: Nugroho G A , Syahrul  , Maryadi E , Rahmawati A , Sinatra T , Indrawati A , Cholianawati N , Awaludin A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, heavy precipitation in the form of bow echo is observed, identified, and tracked using a rain scanner and optical flow method. Two case studies of bow echoes with a range of properties from 15 to 33 km were observed in the afternoon on 1st February and 4th February 2021. The rain scanner developed based on X-band radar could obtain the first detection of the bow echo shape. The difference between these two bow echoes events is from their initiation. The first bow echo cases are initiated from weakly organized cells. Meanwhile, the second case of bow echo is initiated from a squall line event. Bow echo is initially observed in the western part of Bandung city. Approximately twenty minutes after the first detection, the bow echo passed the center of Bandung city. Image processing using edge detection could track the bow echo from the radar data. Applied Lucas-Kanade optical flow was then used to retrieve the bow echo movement. Vector flow from optical flow showed the dominant movement toward the east direction in both case studies. A simple method to predict the incoming time of the bow echo using the estimated speed from vector flow and the image translation is also presented.
Evaluation of coastal erosion by using Landsat data in Ca Mau Cape, Ngoc Hien District, Ca Mau Province
Authors: Huan V D , Dinh P T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Coastal erosion as well as loss of aquaculture, cultivated and residential lands are of great concern in the Mekong Delta, especially in the Ca Mau Cape region. Historical map data and remote sensing images such as Landsat data combined with GPS field surveys are the optimal methods for assessing shoreline changes including coastal erosion and sedimentation. The 57-year coastline change during the period from 1965 to 2022 has been described through the processing of topographic map data published in 1965 and a series of Landsat-1 to Landsat-8 images collected in 1973, 1993, 2003, and 2022. The study found that the northeast of the study area in Cho Thu hamlet, Tam Giang Tay commune was the place where the largest erosion reached an annual average of 42.4 m/year. Due to the development program of afforestation, largest sediment reaches an annual average of 88.7 m/year in Ca Mau Cape National Park in Lach Vam hamlet, Dat Mui commune. However, during the 57-year period, coastal erosion has caused a loss of 1,714 hectares of land or 2.60% of the total area. Results from this work also suggest that the accuracy of the shoreline studies should be improved by using higher satellite data spatial resolution and the GPS system with dual frequencies for Real-time Kinematics (RTK) for coordinate positioning measurement.
Assessment of livelihood vulnerability to climate change in Phu Hoa district, Phu Yen Province, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen A T T , Nguyen Q N T , Au N H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study aims to assess the livelihood vulnerability in Phu Hoa district, Phu Yen Province, which is located in Vietnam’s southern middle coastal areas. Climate change has strongly impacted coastal areas and threatened the living conditions there. Using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI), 200 local households were surveyed to determine the level of livelihood vulnerability in Phu Hoa district. In the results, LVI increased from 0 to 0.4. The values indicated that household characteristics are the least vulnerable of the choosing factors (0.114), followed in ascending order by water source (0.230), food (0.237), social network (0.238), health (0.271), livelihood strategies (0.370), natural disasters and climate change (0.399). The overall LVI in Phu Hoa district reached a moderate level of 0.270. It is expected that the study will serve as a reference document that provides administrators and the community with information to proactively adapt and develop policies and strategies to support and mitigate the effects of natural disasters.
Surface chemistry analysis of acidified and nickel impregnated carbon for desulfurization of fuels
Authors: Bhattacharjee T S , Ghadge S , Khilari R , Ingole T N , Janrao G S , Godage P S , Gole S P , Hussian M M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Emission norms tend to reduce sulfur content in transport fuels to 10ppm. Considering this new method like adsorptive desulfurization are widely researched. The main motive in adsorptive desulfurization is to selectively adsorb Dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-DimethylDBT. Considering this adsorbent with nickel impregnation and acidic surface functionalities were developed. Topographical and surface chemical features were studied of developed carbon adsorbents. Presence of carboxylic surface functionalities and reduced solid nickel was confirmed on adsorbents surfaces. In addition to this formation of nickel complexes due to neutralization of nickel ion and carboxylic groups was confirmed. This type of adsorbents can act as potential adsorbents for adsorption of DBT and 4,6-dimethyl DBT.
Bulk metallic glass Al2Ca from a biomedical application viewpoint: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Shankar A. , Bhatt N. K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the glass transition temperature (Tg) and mechanical properties of Al–Ca-based bulk metallic glass (BMG), Al2Ca. The second-neighbour modified embedded atom method potential was used to simulate the system. We estimate the Tg between 600 to 660 K. To ensure the glassy state of the studied material, the total radial distribution function (RDF) has been calculated from 300 to 1500 K. Partial RDF for Al, Ca, and Al–Ca subsystems are also calculated. Elastic properties including bulk modulus, compressibility, Young’s modulus, shear modulus, tensile yield strength and Poisson ratio are calculated. From the obtained data of elastic constants, it is concluded that Al2Ca BMG can be the potential material to be used in the biomedical field.
Experimental Investigation of SPIF Process for Conical Frustum
Authors: Patel Hiteshkumar , Surani Kapil 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In sheet metal industries, single point incremental forming (SPIF) is a popular technology for quick prototyping and small series manufacturing techniques. In producing specific components with complicated geometries, the technique has become known for its flexibility, effectiveness, and simplicity of usage. The objective of this research work is to carry out the numerical investigation of the SPIF process to study the effect of different parameters on the formability for truncated cone. Al 1060 grade of aluminium is used for this study which is commonly used for kitchenware, reflectors, electronic components etc; where strength is not a major concern. Three dimensional models were developed for different set of parameters using commercial finite element software ABAQUS 6.13 with Dynamic/Explicit solver using solid mechanics model. Taguchi analysis has been carried out to find the effect of parameters (Tool rotational speed, Feed, Step size, Tool diameter and Wall angle) on thickness reduction. Each parameter was varied for three levels and L9 orthogonal array was used. The ANOVA tool has been used to summarize the contribution of each variable. Results have been compared with reported experimental results for validation. The process modelling is concluded with a brief overview of approaches for improving part quality.
Sublattice imbalance of states in graphene nanoflakes
Authors: Yorikawa H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The energy states of π-electrons in a graphene nanoflake obtained from graphene, a well-known bipartite lattice or honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms, are studied using the tight-binding method. It is reported that the sublattice imbalance ΔN of the entire graphene nanoflake including vacancy clusters, which characterizes the electronic states, consists of those of the outer and inner edges. In nonzero-energy states, the electrons are evenly distributed between the sublattices A and B, regardless of the value of ΔN. In contrast, zero-energy states are ∣ΔN∣-fold degenerate states where the electrons are unevenly distributed on either sublattice A or sublattice B. Occasionally, large or specific graphene nanoflakes have substantial zero-energy states, which are mixed states of the nonzero-energy states and zero-energy states.
Evaluating optimal cultivation sites for microalgae as a sustainable biofuel energy resource
Authors: Arsalan Syed , Iqbal Muhammad Jawed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Microalgae are promising candidates for the production of sustainable biofuels due to their high productivity, ability to grow in diverse environments, and carbon capture potential. However, the selection of suitable cultivation sites is crucial to achieve efficient and sustainable microalgae cultivation for biofuel production. This study discusses the evaluation of optimal cultivation sites for microalgae as a sustainable biofuel energy resource, with a focus on the naturally favorable conditions for microalgae cultivation in district Gwadar, Pakistan. The global demand for renewable energy sources has increased due to the rising energy crisis, and microalgae has emerged as an efficient source of biofuel on a large scale. The study utilizes geographic information systems to highlight suitable microalgae cultivation areas in district Gwadar. The results indicate that district Gwadar has the potential to overcome the energy crisis by cultivating microalgae as a biofuel energy source. The research provides a promising idea for designing a master plan to install a microalgae cultivation system in the highlighted sites for the concerned authorities.