bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells and Dopaminergic Neurons in the Mouse Substantia Nigra
Authors: Fitzgerald Julia C. , Sun Ying , Reinecke Frederek , Bauer Elisabeth , Garaschuk Olga , Kahle Philipp J. , Pfeiffer Friederike 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region of the midbrain. Recent genomic and single cell sequencing data identified oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to confer genetic risk in PD, but their biological role is unknown. Although SNpc dopaminergic neurons are scarcely or thinly myelinated, there is a gap in the knowledge concerning the physiological interactions between dopaminergic neurons and oligodendroglia. We sought to investigate the distribution of OPCs with regard to the myelination state in the mouse substantia nigra (SN) by high‐resolution imaging to provide a morphological assessment of OPC‐dopaminergic neuron interactions and quantification of cell numbers across different age groups. OPCs are evenly distributed in the midbrain throughout the lifespan and they physically interact with both the soma and axons of dopaminergic neurons. The presence of OPCs and their interaction with dopaminergic neurons does not correlate with the distribution of myelin. Myelination is sparse in the SNpc, including dopaminergic fibers originating from the SNpc and projecting through the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr). We report that OPCs and dopaminergic neurons exist in a 1:1 ratio in the SNpc, with OPCs accounting for 15%–16% of all cells in the region across all age groups. This description of OPC‐dopaminergic neuron interaction in the midbrain provides a first look at their longitudinal distribution in mice, suggesting additional functions of OPCs beyond their differentiation into myelinating oligodendrocytes.image
Effects of Cancer Rehabilitation Interventions for Women Treated for Gynaecological Cancers: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhang Liuxin , Cheung Ankie Tan , Chen Yongfeng , Chow Ka Ming 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo analyse and synthesise current evidence on the effectiveness of cancer rehabilitation interventions in increasing physical activity, increasing healthy dietary habits, alleviating psychological distress, and increasing health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in women treated for gynaecological cancers (GCs).DesignA meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Data SourcesA systematic search was conducted in 12 databases from inception to 31 May 2024.Review MethodsThe quantitative results from comparable RCTs were pooled and meta‐analysed using Review Manager 5.4 software. The results from non‐comparable (i.e., clinically heterogeneous) RCTs were narratively summarised. The methodological quality of all RCTs was assessed using Version 2 of the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised trials.ResultsNine RCTs reported in a total of 12 articles met the inclusion criteria and comprised a total of 418 patients. The interventions had significant effects on total physical activity levels at post‐intervention, 6‐month follow‐up, and 12‐month follow‐up, and on self‐efficacy in physical activity at post‐intervention and 3‐month follow‐up. However, the interventions did not significantly improve overall HRQoL or healthy dietary habits and did not significantly alleviate anxiety and depression. The key intervention components were information provision on health‐promoting behaviours; adoption of behavioural change techniques (goal setting, action planning, relapse prevention, problem‐solving, self‐monitoring, and social support); and stress and emotion management.ConclusionRehabilitation interventions effectively increase physical activity in women treated for GCs, leading to sustainable effects. However, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of such interventions in improving overall HRQoL, encouraging healthy eating, and alleviating psychological distress in women treated for GCs.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis review found that rehabilitation interventions can increase physical activity levels among women treated for GCs. It also identified the key effective components of such interventions.Reporting MethodThis review is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses Statement.Patient or Public ContributionNone.Trial Registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews registration number: CRD42023442877
Implant stability quotient and osteogenic process in dental implant sites prepared using piezoelectric technique: A study in minipigs
Authors: Schierano Gianmario , Baldi Domenico , Peirone Bruno , von Degerfeld Mitzy Mauthe , Modica Fabio , Notaro Vincenzo , Boretto Cecilia , Muzio Giuliana , Autelli Riccardo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeFew studies have explored the bone response in dental implant sites prepared using a piezoelectric device, indicating moderate effectiveness in enhancing secondary stability and osteogenesis. This study seeks to expand our understanding of the changes in biological, clinical, and radiographic parameters, during the initial phases of osseointegration in sites prepared with piezoelectric surgery.Materials and MethodsTwo implant sites were prepared in the tibia of four minipigs. At the time of implant placement (T0), bone cortex thickness and Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) were assessed. A bone specimen was collected from the tibia and used as the baseline for biomolecular analyses. X‐ray was taken after implant insertion. After 14 days (T14), a computed tomography (CT) scan of the tibias was conducted, and ISQ values were reassessed. Histological and biomolecular analyses were performed on bone sections containing the implant.ResultsISQ significantly increased from T0 to T14, in the absence of any correlation between the cortical thickness and ISQ. In two animals, CT showed a slight trabecular bone thickening adjacent to the implants and disorganized radiodense spots; in the other two, no trabecular osseodensification was evident. Newly formed bone was about 48% of the tissue around implants. At T14, an increase in osteogenic factors and a decrease in inflammatory molecules were observed.ConclusionThis study enhances understanding of the biological and clinical responses at bone implant sites following piezoelectric surgery. It highlights the relationship between the rise in certain osteogenic factors and new bone formation, as well as a potential association with increased ISQ.
Angulated titanium bases screw channel abutments for single implant restorations: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: De Angelis Paolo , Rella Edoardo , Liguori Margherita Giorgia , Piccirillo Davide , Palmieri Alberto , D'addona Antonio , Manicone Paolo Francesco 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeScrew‐retained implant crowns are a common solution to rehabilitate single or multiple edentulous sites. Angulated screw channel (ASC) abutments have been developed as a new system of connection to correct the angulation of the implant and avoid a possible undesired emergence of the access hole. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine available literature related to the effects of ASC abutments in rehabilitating single implant crowns.MethodsA protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (ID = CRD42022295521). An electronic search of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Trial Protocols, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science was performed up to January 16, 2024. Additionally, a manual search was carried out. The meta‐analysis used a fixed or a random effects model, based on the heterogeneity between the studies, focusing on binary and continuous data. A risk of bias assessment was performed (NOS or MOGA et al.) The outcomes assessed were peri‐implant marginal bone level, probing pocket depth (PPD), the prevalence of technical and mechanical complications, implant and prosthesis survival rates, and esthetics. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsThe searches resulted in a total of 10 studies included in the meta‐analysis. The mean implant and prosthesis survival rates were respectively 99% (absolute quantity = 243) and 100% (absolute quantity = 239) with non‐statistically significant differences observed in single crowns supported by ASC abutments compared to cemented restorations, in terms of marginal bone loss (MBL) (p = 0.22), PPD (p = 0.08), risk of complications (p = 0.53), and esthetics (p = 0.47). Follow‐up intervals ranged from 14 days to more than 3 years.ConclusionsData based on this systematic review suggest that the clinical and radiographic outcomes of single implants restored using ASC are promising if compared to the outcomes relating to screw‐retained single crowns.
Challenges of poor sleep quality and mental health issues among Syrian medical residents in 22 major hospitals across Syria
Authors: Soqia Jameel , Alameer Mhd Basheer , Yakoub‐Agha Laila , Zerez Nadim , Hanbli Abdallah , Al‐shafie Mohammed , Mohamad Lama , Samaan Jad , Hamdan Duaa , Almouselli Ahmad , Wazzan Mohamad Hadi , Moudarres Turfa , Alabdullah Hadi , Ibrahim Manar , Hneino George , Alhomsi Rawan , Chatty M. Eyad 
Published: January 2025

SummaryA nationwide survey in the USA reported that healthcare workers had the highest prevalence of short sleep duration compared with other professions. Moreover, several studies have reported poor sleep quality among healthcare professionals and described insufficient sleep as a potential driver of reduced physician well‐being. This study aims to explore sleep quality and mental health issues among Syrian medical residents, with the goal of informing targeted interventions to enhance their well‐being and professional performance. This cross‐sectional study in Syria involved 2071 residents from 22 major hospitals. Conducted between 27 October 2023 and 4 April 2024, it used face‐to‐face interviews with validated questionnaires following STROBE guidelines. Hospitals were categorized for comparative analysis. Measures included demographics, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Patient Health Questionnaire for depression, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7‐item. In a study involving 2071 hospital residents across Syria's major hospitals, significant findings reveal a high prevalence of poor sleep quality (67.7%), depressive symptoms (46%) and anxiety symptoms (42.2%). Analysis by hospital categories highlighted varied rates, with Damascus and Hama General Hospitals showing notably higher incidences. Females exhibited higher rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms compared with males, with predictors including gender, age and marital status. The relatively high prevalence of poor sleep quality, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms among Syrian medical residents necessitates proper action, which will probably include limits on work hours, to enhance mental health outcomes and ensure proper patient care.
Utility of a 13C‐Spirulina Stable Isotope Gastric Emptying Breath Test in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Varma Revati , Williams Catherine E. , McClain Ethan S. , Bailey Kent R. , Ordog Tamas , Bharucha Adil E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe carbon‐13 spirulina gastric emptying breath test (GEBT) is approved to identify delayed, but not accelerated, gastric emptying (GE). We compared the utility of the GEBT to scintigraphy for diagnosing abnormal GE in patients with diabetes mellitus.MethodsTwenty‐eight patients with diabetes ate a 230‐kcal test meal labeled with technetium 99 m and 13C‐spirulina, after which 10 scintigraphic images and breath samples (baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, and 240 min) were collected on 2 occasions 1 week apart. We assessed the accuracy of 13C‐spirulina GEBT excretion rate (percent dose multiplied by 1000 [kPCD] min−1) values to predict scintigraphic half‐life and distinguish between normal, delayed, and accelerated GE and the intraindividual reproducibility of the GEBT.Key ResultsScintigraphy revealed normal, delayed, and accelerated GE, respectively, in 17 (30%), 29 (52%), and 10 (18%) test results. GE T½ values measured with scintigraphy and GEBT were highly concordant within individuals; the intraindividual reproducibility was 34% (scintigraphy) and 15% (GEBT). Compared to current criteria, the kPCD150 (150 min) and kPCD180 values provided equally sensitive (90%) and more specific (81% vs. 67%) approach for distinguishing between delayed versus normal/accelerated GE. A new metric (kPCD60–kPCD15 min) was 90% sensitive and 83% specific for distinguishing between accelerated versus normal/delayed GE. These findings were used to create nomograms and an algorithm for interpreting GEBT results.Conclusions and InferencesAmong patients with poorly controlled diabetes, the 13C‐spirulina GEBT can accurately and precisely assess GE and effectively distinguish between normal, delayed, and accelerated GE.
Who's Afraid of Basic Desert?
Authors: Madigan Taylor 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSkeptics about moral responsibility are skeptical about “basic desert moral responsibility.” They claim that “we” are committed to basic desert moral responsibility in a wide range of ordinary practices; accordingly, if skeptics are right, “our” practices rest on a widespread mistake. In turn, the (purported) fact that “we” are systematically in error motivates the skeptic's revisionary proposals for alternative social practices. I aim to head off this line of thought at the first step: we do not have sufficient reason to think that we are committed to basic desert moral responsibility as pervasively as the skeptic contends. The significance of skepticism is proportional to how widespread commitment to basic desert moral responsibility is; accordingly, the less confident we should be that such a commitment is widespread, the less confident we should be that skepticism poses a significant challenge.
Syphilis‐positive and false‐positive trends among US blood donors, 2013–2023
Authors: Conti Galen , Fayed Rahima , Saa Paula , Dodd Roger Y. , Stramer Susan L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundUS blood donors are tested for syphilis because the bacterial agent is transfusion transmissible. Here we describe trends over an 11‐year period of donations positive for recent and past syphilis infections, and donations classified as syphilis false positive (FP).MethodsData from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2023 (11 years) were compiled for all American Red Cross blood donations to evaluate demographics/characteristics and longitudinal trends in donors testing syphilis reactive/positive. The prevalence of recent, past, and total (combination of recent/past) infections were evaluated, along with syphilis FP donations. Classification was based on known serological methods using treponemal and non‐treponemal tests.ResultsApproximately 53 million donations were included with 10,365 total syphilis infections (3463 recent and 6902 past; 0.02% total) and 48,719 FP (0.09%). Donor demographics, characteristics, and HBV/HCV/HIV nucleic acid testing reactivity differed among syphilis‐positive and FP compared with nonreactive donations. Donors with a FP donation had high rates of subsequent donations testing syphilis positive (0.3%) and FP (7.7%). Median time from first FP to subsequent FP was observed to be 3.6 months. Recent infections increased over the 11 years, with past infections peaking in 2014 followed by increases in 2021–2023 paralleling recent infections. Repeating cycles of seasonal FP spikes occurred in the fall of 2013 and from 2017 to 2022 corresponding with vaccine administrations.ConclusionsSyphilis infections in blood donors are trending upward, paralleling US population trends. Syphilis FP donors had high rates of subsequent FP and unexplained syphilis‐positive donations. Seasonal syphilis FP spikes occurred for most years but are trending downwards.
A point mutation in a
wspF-
like gene in
Pseudoalteromonas lipolytica
enhances the anticorrosion activity
Authors: Zeng Zhenshun , He Dan , Zhao Zhiying , He Tianci , Li Qian , Wang Yuqi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The protection of steel based on microbial biomineralization has emerged as a novel and eco-friendly strategy for corrosion control. However, the molecular basis of the biomineralization process in mineralization bacteria remains largely unexplored. We previously reported that
Pseudoalteromonas lipolytica
EPS+ strain provides protection against steel corrosion by forming a hybrid biomineralization film. In this study, we identified that a point mutation in the
AT00_08765
(
wspF-
like) gene, responsible for encoding a chemotaxis protein that regulates swimming motility and polysaccharide production, is linked to the observed anticorrosion activity in EPS+ strain. The engineered point mutation mutant strain, designated Δ
08765(707A
), exhibited similar phenotypes to the EPS+ strain, including colony morphology and cellulose production. Importantly, we demonstrated that moderate swimming motility in Δ
08765(707A
) plays a pivotal role in the development of a protective mineralization film on the steel surface. Additionally, we found that Δ
08765(707A
) enhances biofilm formation by rapidly forming small aggregates in the initial stage of biofilm growth. This process facilitated the assembly of more compact and larger mineralization products, effectively inhibiting steel corrosion. In addition, Δ
08765(707A
) formed a uniform mineralization film that completely covered the steel surface, preventing the formation of sheet-like steel corrosion products. Therefore, this study demonstrates that an engineering strain carrying a point mutation in the
AT00_08765
gene can significantly enhance the anticorrosion activity. This enhancement is accomplished through the formation of small bacteria-induced aggregates, followed by the development of larger mineralization products and the creation of a uniform organic–inorganic hybrid film.

IMPORTANCE

In this study, we revealed that moderate swimming motility significantly influences the anticorrosion activity of marine
Pseudoalteromonas
. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that overproduction of cellulose facilitates cell aggregation rapidly during the initial stages of biofilm formation, thereby promoting the development of larger mineralization products and the formation of a uniform organic–inorganic hybrid film on the steel surface. Our findings provide new insights into the biomineralization mechanisms in
Pseudoalteromonas lipolytica
, potentially catalyzing the advancement of an eco-friendly microbial-driven approach to marine corrosion prevention.
Laboratory evolution of
E. coli
with a natural vitamin B
12
analog reveals roles for cobamide uptake and adenosylation in methionine synthase-dependent growth
Authors: Mok Kenny C. , Hallberg Zachary F. , Procknow Rebecca R. , Taga Michiko E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Bacteria encounter chemically similar nutrients in their environment, which impact their growth in distinct ways. Among such nutrients are cobamides, the structurally diverse family of cofactors related to vitamin B
12
(cobalamin), which function as cofactors for diverse metabolic processes. Given that different environments contain varying abundances of different cobamides, bacteria are likely to encounter cobamides that enable them to grow robustly and also those that do not function efficiently for their metabolism. To gain insights into how bacteria might respond under the latter conditions, we performed a laboratory evolution of a cobamide-dependent strain of
Escherichia coli
with pseudocobalamin (pCbl), a cobamide that
E. coli
uses less effectively than cobalamin for MetH-dependent methionine synthesis. Propagation and sequencing of nine independent lines identified potential genetic adaptations in cobamide-related genes that improved growth with less-preferred cobamides. We constructed targeted mutants to validate these findings and found that increasing the expression of the outer membrane cobamide transporter BtuB is beneficial during growth under cobamide-limiting conditions. Unexpectedly, we also found that overexpression of the cobamide adenosyltransferase BtuR confers a specific growth advantage with pCbl. Characterization of the latter phenotype revealed that BtuR and adenosylated cobamides contribute to optimal MetH-dependent growth. Together, these findings improve our understanding of how bacteria expand their cobamide-dependent metabolic potential.

IMPORTANCE

In nature, bacteria commonly experience fluctuations in the availability of required nutrients. Thus, their environment often contains nutrients that are insufficient in quantity or that function poorly in their metabolism. Cobamides, the vitamin B
12
family of cofactors, are ideal for investigating the influence of nutrient quality on bacterial growth. We performed a laboratory evolution experiment in
E. coli
with a less-preferred cobamide to examine whether and how bacteria can improve their growth with less ideal nutrients. We found that overexpression of genes for cobamide uptake and modification are genetic adaptations that improve growth under these conditions. Given that cobamides are key shared metabolites in microbial communities, our results reveal insights into bacterial interactions and competition for nutrients.