bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
β-Adrenergic Signaling Promotes Morphological Maturation of Astrocytes in Female Mice
Authors: Rosenberg Marci F. , Godoy Marlesa I. , Wade Sarah D. , Paredes Mercedes F. , Zhang Ye , Molofsky Anna V. 
Published: October 2023

Astrocytes play essential roles in the developing nervous system, including supporting synapse function. These astrocyte support functions emerge coincident with brain maturation and may be tailored in a region-specific manner. For example, gray matter astrocytes have elaborate synapse-associated processes and are morphologically and molecularly distinct from white matter astrocytes. This raises the question of whether there are unique environmental cues that promote gray matter astrocyte identity and synaptogenic function. We previously identified adrenergic receptors as preferentially enriched in developing gray versus white matter astrocytes, suggesting that noradrenergic signaling could be a cue that promotes the functional maturation of gray matter astrocytes. We first characterized noradrenergic projections during postnatal brain development in mouse and human, finding that process density was higher in the gray matter and increased concurrently with astrocyte maturation. RNA sequencing revealed that astrocytes in both species expressed α- and β-adrenergic receptors. We found that stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors increased primary branching of rodent astrocytesin vitro. Conversely, astrocyte-conditional knockout of the β1-adrenergic receptor reduced the size of gray matter astrocytes and led to dysregulated sensorimotor integration in female mice. These studies suggest that adrenergic signaling to developing astrocytes impacts their morphology and has implications for adult behavior, particularly in female animals. More broadly, they demonstrate a mechanism through which environmental cues impact astrocyte development. Given the key roles of norepinephrine in brain states, such as arousal, stress, and learning, these findings could prompt further inquiry into how developmental stressors impact astrocyte development and adult brain function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study demonstrates a role for noradrenergic signaling in the development of gray matter astrocytes. We provide new evidence that the β1-adrenergic receptor is robustly expressed by both mouse and human astrocytes, and that conditional KO of the β1-adrenergic receptor from female mouse astrocytes impairs gray matter astrocyte maturation. Moreover, female conditional KO mice exhibit behavioral deficits in two paradigms that test sensorimotor function. Given the emerging interest in moving beyond RNA sequencing to probe specific pathways that underlie astrocyte heterogeneity, this study provides a foundation for future investigation into the effect of noradrenergic signaling on astrocyte functions in conditions where noradrenergic signaling is altered, such as stress, arousal, and learning.
Distinct ACC Neural Mechanisms Underlie Authentic and Transmitted Anxiety Induced by Maternal Separation in Mice
Authors: Jiang Jinxiang , Tan Shuyi , Feng Xiaoyi , Peng Yigang , Long Cheng , Yang Li 
Published: October 2023

It is known that humans and rodents are capable of transmitting stress to their naive partners via social interaction. However, a comprehensive understanding of transmitted stress, which may differ from authentic stress, thus revealing unique neural mechanisms of social interaction resulting from transmitted stress and the associated anxiety, is missing. We used, in the present study, maternal separation (MS) as a stress model to investigate whether MS causes abnormal behavior in adolescence. A key concern in the analysis of stress transmission is whether the littermates of MS mice who only witness MS stress (“Partners”) exhibit behavioral abnormalities similar to those of MS mice themselves. Of special interest is the establishment of the neural mechanisms underlying transmitted stress and authentic stress. The results show that Partners, similar to MS mice, exhibit anxiety-like behavior and hyperalgesia after witnessing littermates being subjected to early-life repetitive MS. Electrophysiological analysis revealed that mice subjected to MS demonstrate a reduction in both the excitatory and inhibitory synaptic activities of parvalbumin interneurons (PVINs) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). However, Partners differed from MS mice in showing an increase in the number and excitability of GABAergic PVINs in the ACC and in the ability of chemogenetic PVIN inactivation to eliminate abnormal behavior. Furthermore, the social transfer of anxiety-like behavior required intact olfactory, but not visual, perception. This study suggests a functional involvement of ACC PVINs in mediating the distinct neural basis of transmitted anxiety.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a critical brain area in physical and social pain and contributes to the exhibition of abnormal behavior. ACC glutamatergic neurons have been shown to encode transmitted stress, but it remains unclear whether inhibitory ACC neurons also play a role. We evaluate, in this study, ACC neuronal, synaptic and network activities and uncover a critical role of parvalbumin interneurons (PVINs) in the expression of transmitted stress in adolescent mice who had witnessed MS of littermates in infancy. Furthermore, inactivation of ACC PVINs blocks transmitted stress. The results suggest that emotional contagion has a severe effect on brain function, and identify a potential target for the treatment of transmitted anxiety.
Complex Synaptic and Intrinsic Interactions Disrupt Input/Output Functions in the Hippocampus ofScn1bKnock-Out Mice
Authors: Chancey Jessica Hotard , Ahmed Alisha A. , Guillén Fernando Isaac , Ghatpande Vighnesh , Howard MacKenzie A. 
Published: October 2023

Pathogenic variants inSCN1Bhave been linked to severe developmental epileptic encephalopathies including Dravet syndrome.Scn1bknock-out (KO) mice modelSCN1Bloss-of-function (LOF) disorders, demonstrating seizures, developmental delays, and early death.SCN1Bencodes the protein β1, an ion channel auxiliary subunit that also has roles in cell adhesion, neurite outgrowth, and gene expression. The goal of this project is to better understand of how loss ofScn1balters information processing in the brain, resulting in seizures and associated cognitive dysfunction. Using slice electrophysiology in the CA1 region of the hippocampus from male and femaleScn1bKO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates, we found that processing of physiologically relevant patterned Schaffer collateral (SC) stimulation produces larger, prolonged depolarizations and increased spiking in KO neurons compared with WTs. KO neurons exhibit enhanced intrinsic excitability, firing more action potentials with current injection. Interestingly, SC stimulation produces smaller, more facilitating excitatory and IPSCs in KO pyramidal neurons, but larger postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) with the same stimulation. We also found reduced intrinsic firing of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons and disrupted recruitment of both parvalbumin-expressing and somatostatin (SST)-expressing interneurons in response to patterned synaptic stimulation. Neuronal information processing relies on the interplay between synaptic properties, intrinsic properties that amplify or suppress incoming synaptic signals, and firing properties that produce cellular output. We found changes at each of these levels inScn1bKO pyramidal neurons, resulting in fundamentally altered cellular information processing in the hippocampus that likely contributes to the complex phenotypes ofSCN1B-linked epileptic encephalopathies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTGenetic developmental epileptic encephalopathies have limited treatment options, in part because of our lack of understanding of how genetic changes result in dysfunction at the cellular and circuit levels.SCN1Bis a gene linked to Dravet syndrome and other developmental epileptic encephalopathies, andScn1bknock-out (KO) mice phenocopy the human disease, allowing us to study underlying neurophysiological changes. Here, we found changes at all levels of neuronal information processing in brains lackingScn1b, including intrinsic excitability, synaptic properties, and synaptic integration, resulting in greatly enhanced input/output functions of the hippocampus. Our study shows that loss ofScn1bresults in a complex array of cellular and network changes that fundamentally alters information processing in the hippocampus.
Proteome profiling of early gestational plasma reveals novel biomarkers of congenital heart disease
Authors: Yin Ya‐Nan , Cao Li , Wang Jie , Chen Yu‐Ling , Yang Hai‐Ou , Tan Su‐Bei , Cai Ke , Chen Zhe‐Qi , Xiang Jie , Yang Yuan‐Xin , Geng Hao‐Ran , Zhou Ze‐Yu , Shen An‐Na , Zhou Xiang‐Yu , Shi Yan , Zhao Rui , Sun Kun , Ding Chen , Zhao Jian‐Yuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) relies primarily on fetal echocardiography conducted at mid‐gestational age—the sensitivity of which varies among centers and practitioners. An objective method for early diagnosis is needed. Here, we conducted a case–control study recruiting 103 pregnant women with healthy offspring and 104 cases with CHD offspring, including VSD (42/104), ASD (20/104), and other CHD phenotypes. Plasma was collected during the first trimester and proteomic analysis was performed. Principal component analysis revealed considerable differences between the controls and the CHDs. Among the significantly altered proteins, 25 upregulated proteins in CHDs were enriched in amino acid metabolism, extracellular matrix receptor, and actin skeleton regulation, whereas 49 downregulated proteins were enriched in carbohydrate metabolism, cardiac muscle contraction, and cardiomyopathy. The machine learning model reached an area under the curve of 0.964 and was highly accurate in recognizing CHDs. This study provides a highly valuable proteomics resource to better recognize the cause of CHD and has developed a reliable objective method for the early recognition of CHD, facilitating early intervention and better prognosis.
The Landscape Changes in Mento Toelakan Plantation, 1863-1950s
Authors: Pradita Dennys , Wardhana Adi Putra Surya 
Published: October 2023

This research studies the landscape change of Mento Toelakan Plantation in Wonogiri(Periode). Mento Toelakan was a private plantation located in the Duchy of Mangkunegaran. The existence of this plantation was a sign of the triumph of the liberal economic era. This research used a historical method, landscape, and environmental history approach. Several problems discussed were (1) the causes of the Mento Toelakan area experiencing the landscape change, (2) the forms of landscape change, and (3) the impact of the landscape change in Mento Toelakan Plantation Periode. The results showed that the landscape at the Mento Toelakan Plantation underwent landscape changes in several stages. The reason was the rented land by European investors and the political dynamics after the end of Dutch colonialism. First, land rent converted forest areas in Mento Toelakan into plantations. Second, coffee cultivation introduced the local society to coffee culture. Third, changing coffee plantations to agave plantations introduced the local community to natural fiber processing. Fourth, the Japanese military occupation used Mento Toelakan land for military purposes. Finally, the Mento Toelakan plantation was taken over by the village community to become dry land and rice fields in the independence era. This indicates that many factors, such as capitalism, politics, human activities, and nature itself, influenced the changing landscape of Mento Toelakan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perubahan lanskap Perkebunan Mento Toelakan di Wonogiri 1863-1950-an. Mento Toelakan merupakan perkebunan swasta yang berada di wilayah Kadipaten Mangkunegaran. Keberadaan perkebunan ini menjadi tanda kejayaan era ekonomi liberal. Eksploitasi modal asing memengaruhi perubahan lanskap di wilayah Mento Toelakan, Wonogiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dan pendekatan lanskap dan sejarah lingkungan. Beberapa permasalahan yang dibahas adalah (1) penyebab area Mento Toelakan mengalami perubahan lanskap, (2) bentuk perubahan lanskap, (3) dan dampak perubahan lanskap Perkebunan Mento Toelakan 1863-1950-an(Periode) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lanskap di Perkebunan Mento Toelakan mengalami perubahan lanskap dalam beberapa tahap. Penyebabnya adalah penyewaan lahan oleh pemodal swasta dan dinamika politik pasca berakhirnya kolonialisme Belanda. Pertama, sewa tanah yang dilakukan pemodal swasta mengubah area hutan di Mento Toelakan menjadi perkebunan. Kedua, budidaya kopi mengenalkan masyarakat dengan budaya kopi. Ketiga, mengubah perkebunan kopi menjadi perkebunan agave telah mengenalkan masyarakat dengan pengolahan serat alam. Keempat, pemerintah militer Jepang memanfaatkan lahan untuk kepentingan militer. Terakhir, perkebunan Mento Toelakan diambil alih oleh masyarakat desa sehingga menjadi tanah-tanah tegalan dan sawah pada era kemerdekaan. Dengan demikian, perubahan lanskap Mento Toelakan dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, seperti kapitalisme, politik, ulah manusia, dan alam itu sendiri.
Lietuviškojo tapatumo apraiškos grįžusių iš užsienio vaikų sakytinės kalbos tekstyne
Authors: Gaidienė Anželika , Tamulionienė Aurelija 
Published: October 2023

The aim of the article is to analyse the spoken corpus samples with the lexemes Lietuva, lietuvis, lietuviškas and lietuviškai of the repatriated children and to show how the children's Lithuanian identity expressed through the use of these lexemes. The aim of the research was to explore the perception of Lithuania among the repatriated children, what they (dis)like in Lithuania, what characteristics of Lithuania, Lithuanians, etc., they identify, etc. The research material consists of data from 73 children (aged 8-12). Examples of these lexemes were collected from the first part of the semi-structured interview "warm-up", in which the pupils introduced themselves, talked about their family, friends, place of residence, etc. In this part of the interview, the children were also asked what they like in Lithuania, what they don't like and why. The analysis of the examples found showed that the Lithuanian identity of the repatriated children is most broadly expressed through social and cultural aspects. This significantly points to factors important for adaptation.
Effect of edible coating based on zedo gum containing Thymus essential oil and Cinnamomum extract on quality of cheddar cheese
Authors: Aghdam A.H.K. , Zomorodi Sh. , Roufegarinejad L. , Khosrowshahi asl A. , Hanifian Sh. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEffect of edible coatings based on zedo gum (ZG) containing thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oil (TEO) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) extract (CAE) on the quality and proteolysis of cheddar cheese was investigated. Four treatments were prepared using different coating formulas including: C (coated cheese with paraffin and wax mixture as commercial coating), Z treatment (coated cheese with ZG solution), TEO treatment (coated cheese with TEO), and CAE treatment (coated cheese with CAE). The results showed that the highest moisture content and proteolysis indices were related to sample C; the lowest moisture content and number of starter lactic acid bacteria (SLAB) and the highest protein content, FDM content, proteolysis indices and number of non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) were related to sample Z; while the TEO and CAE treatments showed similar values. Also, TEO and CAE had an inhibitory effect on growth of moulds and yeasts, without affecting NSLAB and SLAB. Therefore, instead of commercial coating, zedo gum containing T. vulgaris essential oil or C. verum extract can be used as active coating on cheddar cheese.
Assessment of vertical jaw relationship by R angle- A cephalometric analysis
Authors: Teja Prerna Hoogan , Singh Gurbrinder , Mittal Shruti , Nayar Ruchi , Sharma Rohini , Rafiq Mehavish 
Published: October 2023

The norms of the "R" value may not be extended for other regional populations because they are based on the South Indian population group. Therefore, the goal of the current study is to determine the mean value and standard deviation for R angle in a population of North Indian suburbs for subjects with horizontal, average, and vertical growth patterns, as well as to assess its correlation with other variables used to gauge vertical discrepancy.The current cross-sectional study was carried out at the Swami Devi Dyal Dental College and Hospital, Barwala, Distt. Panchkula (Haryana), Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, among 90 participants between the ages of 18 and 26 years having their pretreatment records. The parameters used in the study are R angle, Frankfort Mandibular Angle, Y- axis (Down’s Analysis), Facial axis, SOP, SNO, SNPP, MMA. The ratios analyzed in the study are Jarabak Ratio, Facial index, LAFH ratio, skeletal, LAFH, Soft tissue. The results of the study showed that high correlation was found between R angle and LAFH (Skeletal), Y Axis, Facial Axis, FMA, SNMP, Sum of posterior triangles (SOP), Maxillomandibular plane angle (MMA), SN to palatal plane angle (SNPP). A strong negative correlation was found between R angle and Jarabak ratio and facial index.There are many cephalometric parameters accessible, however not all of them point towards a certain pattern. In an effort to get around the difficulty of correctly and quickly identifying landmarks, the "R" angle was added.
Orthodontic management of an erupted mesiodens and a buccally displaced maxillary canine in an adult patient: A case report
Authors: Wani Mohsin Aslam , Khattri Shantanu , Amir Mohd. , Siddiqui Shiraz , Mehtab Sana , Jafar Mohd Saeedul 
Published: October 2023

In the majority of the cases with typical supernumerary tooth, mesiodens are the most widespread finding and may give rise to a variety of clinical symptoms, including displacement and obstruction, in the emergence and alignment of the adjoining teeth. The best time to remove the mesiodens is still up for debate, but it is typically suggested if there are any clinical complications or aesthetic issues present. While some authors advise awaited intervention following the full root development of the nearby teeth, others advise a rapid approach. In the present case report, one such patient's esthetics and quality of life have been successfully improved.
Comparative evaluation of herbal toothpaste formulations: A preliminary study
Authors: Shaikh Afroj Ayyaj 
Published: October 2023

: Toothpaste, available in gel or paste form, maintains oral hygiene through brushing. This research aims to develop herbal toothpaste formulations, avoiding potential side effects of chemical compounds found in conventional products.This study assesses herbal toothpaste formulations for effective dental hygiene, specifically investigating natural ingredients like neem leaves, babul leaves, akkarkara leaves, guava leaves, jamun seeds, vidanga, Vajradanti, and clove fruit, traditionally used for dental care.We assessed sensory and physical characteristics of the newly formulated herbal toothpaste, following Bureau of Indian Standards criteria. Comparative analysis showed laboratory-developed toothpaste performing similarly to Dantkranti, Babool, and Colgate toothpaste brands.The laboratory-created herbal toothpaste matched the essential toothpaste properties of three popular brands.This preliminary in vitro study suggests herbal toothpaste's potential as an effective and safe alternative for oral hygiene. Further research and clinical studies are needed to validate these findings and explore their dental care applications.
Analytical study of opportunities for Next Generation Biofuels Market
Authors: Gupta Sumeet , Abhilash Chaudhary  , Srivastava Pranjal 
Published: October 2023

The emergence of better science around the issue of land use change associated with the production and usage of biofuels cast doubt on the use of first-generation biofuels, made from edible agricultural feedstocks, as a tool to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. While many countries sought to enter the international biofuels market, and draw on the latest technology to move away from crop based biofuels and into cellulosic and algae-based advanced fuels. By 2015, liquid biofuels had become commonly traded commodities worldwide. The impetus behind biofuels was partially due to novel drivers such as green jobs and the interest in the decarbonization of specific sectors of the economy such as transport, but also to provide countries dependent on oil imports with an alternative to enhance their energy security and create new export opportunities.
In 2015, countries made commitments toward a more environmentally balanced future through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and now seek to expand policies for low-carbon development after the agreement reached in Paris at COP21. The year also marked a milestone in the bioeconomy, as the point in time when the production of second-generation biofuels (2G) finally took off at commercial scale. Developing countries now face a new set of market opportunities and policy dilemmas to enhance their usage of biomass, which can now be transformed into more valuable products. Developing countries interested in engaging in advanced biofuel markets for the attainment of the SDGs, and as an instrument to meet their commitments under COP21. By carrying out a non-exhaustive mapping of cellulosic ethanol projects and recent policy lessons around the globe.
Next generation biofuels made from non-edible feedstocks, put forward a promising response to the food versus fuel debate. Nevertheless, process improvements have been a key factor in decreasing costs for the industry and allowing market expansion. Historically, the United States of America (US) has had the largest installed capacity for cellulosic ethanol production of deployed second-generation biofuel facilities, followed by China, Canada, European Union (EU) and Brazil, respectively. Projects in these countries vary significantly in their technological approaches and feedstocks used for fuel production, including the use of corn stover, sugarcane bagasse, municipal solid waste, and forestry residues, among others. One common trait is that companies that possess technology and knowledge in the European Union and the United States engage in partnerships to deploy advanced ethanol facilities abroad, for example, the Fuyiang project, which is a cooperation between Italy-based Beta Renewables and Guozhen Group in China.
Management of Inter-Religious Harmony through Multicultural Leadership Roles
Authors: Fitriani Mohamad Iwan 
Published: October 2023

This research was conducted in Narmada District, West Lombok in 2019. It’s based on fact relates to the participation of Hindus in the Muslim takbiran parade called as celebrating diversity. This study uses a qualitative-phenomenological approach with mono-multi-inter-religious, inter-religious dialogue, and intercultural competence theory as analytical theories. Furthermore, this study found that: (1) when Hindus understand, live, and practice their own religious teachings well while finding a meeting point between their religion and other religions and they’re willing to take part in certain rituals (not all rituals); and (2) leaders’ roles to manage interreligious harmony are spokesman role, disturbance handler and dissemination’s role. This study concludes that celebrating diversity is one of the ideal portraits of a multi-religious society that needs to be habituated based on certain agreements in certain agreed rituals among different religions. A multicultural insight and behavior of a leader in multi-religious society is needed.