bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of gastrointestinal inflammatory cell type in equine glandular gastric disease
Authors: Banse Heidi E. , Piero Fabio Del , Andrews Frank M. , Garcia-Abarca Nicolas , Watanabe Tatiane Terumi Negrão 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To compare small intestinal inflammation with gastric inflammation in horses with and without equine gastric glandular disease (EGGD), we evaluated endoscopic, macroscopic, and microscopic findings of the glandular stomach and microscopic findings of the small intestine.

ANIMALS
36 horses.

METHODS
Horses underwent endoscopy and were scored for EGGD. After euthanasia, stomachs were collected and macroscopically evaluated. Normal pyloric mucosa, glandular lesions, and small intestinal (duodenum, mid-jejunum, and ileum) samples were collected and processed for microscopic examination. Cellular infiltrate was scored. Immunohistochemistry (CD3, CD20, and Iba-1) was performed on the ventral pylorus and small intestine of horses with mild to moderate lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. A Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship of EGGD grade with gastric glandular inflammation, and the relationships of cellular infiltrate type and severity among glandular stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

RESULTS
Gastrointestinal inflammation was common, with gastric inflammatory infiltrate identified in 92%, duodenal inflammatory infiltrate in 83%, jejunal inflammatory infiltrate in 92%, and ileal inflammatory infiltrate in 92% of horses. Endoscopic evidence of gastric disease (hyperemia or EGGD grade ≥ 2/4) was not associated with the presence or severity of duodenal, jejunal, or ileal inflammation. Gastric lymphoplasmacytic inflammation grade ≥ 2 was associated with duodenal lymphoplasmacytic inflammation grade ≥ 2. This was a convenience sample of horses presenting for euthanasia. Medical history (including deworming history) was unknown.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Gastric lymphoplasmacytic inflammation is associated with duodenal lymphoplasmacytic inflammation but not more distal small intestinal inflammation. Intestinal inflammation is not associated with endoscopic findings (hyperemia or EGGD grade ≥ 2/4).
Diversity and ecology of terrestrial gastropods of the Kabylia region (northern Algeria)
Authors: Sadouk Ghania , Ramdini Ramdane , Ferroudja Medjdoub-Bensaad , Bouaziz-Yahiatene Houria 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The snail and slug fauna of the Kabylia region (Bouira and Tizi-Ouzou) was studied during the years 2018/2019 and 2020/2021, focusing on seven stations belonging to three altitudinal levels (low, middle, and high altitude). A total of 5111 individuals were collected and 29 species were identified, with confirmation of the existence of Leiostyla anglica in the Kabylia region. Our results showed that altitude has a significant effect on the distribution and abundance of terrestrial gastropods in the study area – the low-altitude sites had the highest number of species (S = 21), while the high-altitude sites had the lowest species richness (S = 10).
Evaluating the Feasibility of Hybrid Ventilation in Educational Spaces: A Simulation Study in the Basque Country Climate
Authors: Rodríguez-Vidal Iñigo , Otaegi Jorge , Armengod Unai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper delves into the examination of indoor comfort in classroom environments and its interplay with ventilation on human wellbeing in scenarios of varying indoor carbon dioxide concentrations. The assessment of these parameters was done according to the provisions outlined in the Spanish national Regulation of Thermal Installations in Buildings (RITE). This study also compares various ventilation strategies, namely natural, mechanical and hybrid ventilation, commenting the pros and cons of each method in the climate of the Basque Country, Spain. To do so, a classroom in the School of Architecture in the Basque Country was modelled in thermal simulation software. Simulations were carried out for full days in 10-minute intervals using Design Builder and considered three different exterior scenarios (a cold day, temperate day, and a warm one) and three different ventilation systems (natural, mechanical with simple flux, and hybrid). Two additional scenarios where added for control, one with no ventilation at all and another with a partial, constant, natural ventilation, like was done during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the natural ventilation option was evaluated under four conditions (windows always closed, windows constantly open 15 %, COVID-19 mode, and windows operated by thermal sensation of the user). The mechanical system evaluated consisted of a constant flux ventilation for IDA 2 IAQ with an air flux of 12.5 L/s per person. The modelled hybrid system consisted in a combination of simple flux mechanical ventilation and open windows and doors under some particular conditions. An occupancy rate of 50 % of the theoretical maximum occupancy of the classroom and a scheduled heating operation were considered. This article presents the CO2 concentration, energetic balance and thermal comfort results obtained in the simulation and compares between the different scenarios. The results showed that the hybrid ventilation system was able to effectively control indoor air quality, providing a healthy and comfortable environment for occupants. The hybrid system demonstrated improved energy efficiency compared to the natural ventilation system, while maintaining an acceptable indoor air quality. Overall, the results of this study highlight the importance of considering hybrid ventilation in educational spaces in the northern Basque Country climate. The study provides valuable insights for building design and operation, especially for renovation of existing schools and educational facilities that lack any means of mechanical ventilation, showing some of the potential for hybrid ventilation to improve indoor air quality and energy efficiency.
Analysis of the causes and approaches to the regulation of the cytotoxic state of microglia in the aging brain
Authors: Терехина О.Л. , Кирова Ю.И. 
Published: October 2023

С момента эпохального открытия микроглии Пио дель Рио Ортегой минуло столетие многоплановых исследований, которые подтвердили гениально предсказанные испанским гистологом свойства и функции микроглиальных клеток. Однако причины возрастзависимого снижения гомеостатического/репаративного потенциала микроглии, также как подходы к модуляции цитотоксического состояния микроглии стареющего мозга остаются нерешенными вопросами на текущем этапе развития нейробиологии, в то время как возраст-ассоциированные нейровоспаление, нейродегенерация и нейродисфункция представляют собой угрожающий вызов современному «стареющему» социуму. Цель обзора – анализ представлений о причинах развития дистрофического/старческого фенотипа микроглии и подходов к увеличению ее нейрорепаративного потенциала в стареющем мозге. В работе обсуждаются прогрессирующая с возрастом глюкокортикоидная гиперпродукция и недостаточность проразрешающих/про-анаболических факторов как ведущие механизмы в развитии возрастных дистрофических изменений микроглии.
Since the epoch-making discovery of microglia by Pio del Rio Ortega, a century of multifaceted studies has passed, which confirmed the properties and functions of microglial cells ingeniously predicted by the Spanish histologist. However, the reasons for the steady age-dependent decrease in the homeostatic/reparative potential of microglia, as well as approaches to modulating the cytotoxic state of microglia in the aging brain, remain unresolved issues at the current state of neurobiology, while age-associated neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and neurodysfunction represent a threatening challenge to the modern “aging” society. The aim of this review was to analyze the ideas about the causes for the development of the microglia dystrophic/senescent phenotype of microglia and approaches to enhancing its neuroreparative potential in the aging brain. The authors discussed the age-related progression of glucocorticoid hyperproduction and the shortage of pro-resolving/pro-anabolic factors as the leading mechanisms in the development of age-related dystrophic changes in microglia.
Post Occupancy Evaluation of Ventilation Coefficient Desired for Thermal Comfort in Educational Facilities
Authors: Mba Emeka J. , Okeke Francis O. , Ezema Emmanuel C. , Oforji Peter I. , Ozigbo Chinelo A. 
Published: October 2023

In tropical regions, one sustainable measure identified to attain thermal comfort and energy savings for interior spaces is natural ventilation. However, the ventilation coefficient as a factor for effective passive ventilation required for thermal comfort in educational facilities in warm, humid climates has not been adequately investigated. This study is a post-occupancy evaluation aimed at investigating the ventilation coefficient as a parameter for effective passive ventilation efficiency for good thermal comfort in the classrooms of public primary school buildings in Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria. Among the data collection instruments are two data logging devices (thermo-anemometers -AZ 9871) used to measure air velocity, humidity levels, and temperature outside and inside the classrooms of 60 government primary school buildings in the study area. This selection was based on stratified random sampling techniques. For data analysis, the global ventilation coefficient and linear regression analysis were used. The findings demonstrate that the average natural ventilation efficiency was 80%, which is higher than the global ventilation efficiency standard of 60%. The research results further highlight that colonial classroom prototype buildings have a lower temperature value and ventilation coefficient of 83%, which in turn influenced the thermal comfort conditions of the classrooms investigated. The significance of this study is that the findings contribute to the existing knowledge base that would advance strategic policy formation towards acceleration of the uptake of sustainable and energy-efficient building designs for educational facilities in warm, humid tropical environments. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2023-04-01-07 Full Text: PDF
ЗАПОБІГАННЯ НАСЛІДКІВ ЕКОЛОГО-ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ КАТАСТРОФИ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Шабала Олександр , Новосад Оксана 
Published: October 2023

Дії агресора у зимовий період 2022-2023 року змусили керівництво країни і енергетичний комплекс загалом задуматись над зміною концепції використання та захисту енергоносіїв та підприємств, які безпосередньо пов’язані з енергетичною інфраструктурою. В результаті наслідків, які мали місце у холодний період, було зруйновано немало об’єктів критичної інфраструктури, однак завдяки сумлінній роботі енергетиків, якісній організації процесу відновлення та швидкої відбудови, більшість громадян нашої країни користувались світлом і надалі, хоча і з невеликими обмеженнями.
Особливу увагу слід звернути на атомні, тепло та гідроелектростанції (АЕС, ТЕС, ГЕС), які в перші дні війни були під загрозою. Удари з боку росії по атомним станціям, могли б спричинити не тільки локальну катастрофу із загибеллю великої кількості людей, алей екологічну глобальну кризу, наслідки якої довелося б «викорінювати» не один рік, а то і десятиліття. Що в результаті і сталося 6 червня поточного (2023 року) на Каховській ГЕС. На превеликий жаль терористичні дії з боку росії можуть призвести не тільки до екологічної катастрофи, але й викликати низку інших негативних реакцій, наприклад виникнення епідемій та епізоотій, що в результаті може відгукнутися трагедією не тільки для нашої країни, алей розповсюдитися на інші території, навіть на територію країни-агресора. Необдуманий вандалізм з боку росії однозначно повинен привернути увагу світової спільноти, і те тільки партнерів України, алей навіть тих, хто до сьогодні підтримує країну-агресора, адже настільки очевидні та безглузді атаки ніяк не впливають на послаблення нашої армії, лише тільки множать смерть і небезпеку серед мирного населення, людей, тварин, руйнування майна, тощо. Очевидно, що сьогодні Україна не може віддавати перевагу, або ставити надавати пріоритету таким питанням як альтернативні джерела енергії, відновлювальна енергетика, але стояти осторонь перспективи в галузі зеленої енергетики теж не варто. Створення відповідних інститутів, нормативно-правової бази, механізмів та інструментів по втіленню в життя проектів та моделей, які дадуть змогу більш швидко та ефективно перейти на зелену енергетику, питання яке залишається актуальним, так як після перемоги, процес відбудови України однозначно буде включати в себе вищеокресленну проблематику. Перспективи розвитку та екологізації за рахунок відновлювальних джерел енергії очевидні, тому питання залишається відкритим, і не дивлячись на військовий стан, наша країна не лишається осторонь європейських цінностей, в які якраз таки входить екологізація.
Penerapan Map-Matching Method pada Aplikasi Mobile Peraturan Zonasi Berdasarkan Rencana Detail Tata Ruang (RDTR)
Authors: Erianda Aldo , Nova Fitri 
Published: October 2023

UU No. 26 Tahun 2007 menyebutkan bahwa salah satu instrumen pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang adalah melalui Peraturan Zonasi. Untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pemanfaatan ruang serta untuk meningkatkan partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam memantau pemanfaatan ruang, dibutuhkan tools pendukung yang sesuai dengan karakteristik dan dinamika sosial masyarakat yaitu melalui pengembangan aplikasi mobile. Aplikasi ini akan membandingkan output dari Global Positioning System (GPS) pada perangkat mobile (android) dengan area zonasi. Metoda yang digunakan adalah Map-Matching yaitu dengan membandingkan path geometries dua sumber. Metoda Map-Matching melakukan pencocokan peta dengan menyesuaikan perkiraan posisi mentah oleh GPS ke segmen zonasi terdekat. Aplikasi ini dirancang untuk menginformasikan peraturan zonasi pemanfaatan ruang yang meliputi ketentuan yang harus, boleh, dan tidak boleh dalam pemanfaatan ruang; dan amplop ruang. Pengujicobaan aplikasi dilakukan pada Kota Payakumbuh dengan berdasarkan atas Rencana Detail Tata Ruang (RDTR) Kota Payakumbuh. Aplikasi ini merupakan aplikasi dengan konsep client server resful web dengan mengimplementasikan map matching algoritma dalam penentuan koordinat terhadap zonasi pemanfaatan ruang
Post Conflict Bakassi and Role of Cameroonian and Nigerian Military
Authors: Kpwa Stephen Achuo 
Published: October 2023

No one would have thought that the military clashes between Cameroon and Nigeria over the Bakassi Peninsula would one day end. For close to 50 years, Cameroon and Nigeria had been fighting over the resource-rich area of Bakassi to take control of it. The mechanisms that resolved these military upheavals were the World Court's Judgment (WCJ) of 2006 and the Green Tree Agreement (GTA) of 2006. The end of the five-year special regime program, as stipulated by the GTA, finally laid to rest the Bakassi conflict. Hitherto, following the end of hostilities between the Cameroonian and Nigerian military in the Bakassi Peninsula, the region was/is being marred by militant activities. The main thrust of this paper is to examine the role played by the Cameroonian and Nigerian military in maintaining peace in the Bakassi peninsula even after the conflict has been resolved. This research used the qualitative method with content and thematic analysis on some military activities in the Bakassi peninsula. Data was collected from secondary sources and observations from two field undertakings in Bamusso, Isangele, and Idabato subdivisions in the Bakassi region. After resolving the conflict, this paper cautions that Cameroonians and the Nigerian military have not only been engaged in security activities but have taken up new humanitarian and developmental activities. This research recommends for Cameroon and Nigerian governments divert heavy projects from the military to civilians, deploying more civilian personnel in the medical, judicial, and administrative fields in the Bakassi Peninsula. They should only limit the use of their military personnel in fighting piracy and militancy in the area. If such policies are implemented, both countries will be assured peace and tranquillity in the Bakassi Peninsula.
The Abundance of Special Autonomy Funds: An Ironic Portrait of Aceh's Poverty Alleviation
Authors: Ikhsan Ikhsan , Latif Ikhwan Rahmatika , Hajad Vellayati , Hasan Effendi , Mardhatillah Muntaha , Herizal Herizal 
Published: October 2023

This article examines the financial management of the government of Aceh, which is supported by special autonomy funds. It is a war compensation and recovery from the tsunami disaster following the signing of a peace accord between the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) and the Government of Indonesia for development to increase the Acehnese people's well-being, disbursed by the central government. But the governance of the special autonomy fund it runs has not been able to help Aceh get out of poverty according to national standards. The article employed a descriptive qualitative approach, then purposive sampling used by the authors as the technique to identify people to interview about Aceh's poverty and special autonomy fund issues. Open publications, whether they be official government documents such as rules or decisions, newspapers or magazines, or scientific references such as books or journals were secondary data used by authors. The findings revealed that the management of the special autonomy fund lacks a mature grand design, such that the management rules change annually and are also influenced by the tug-of-war between the Aceh government and the region/city governments. Then, the principle of accountability was not properly implemented, so these two findings were unable to affect the substance of the poverty sector in Aceh, causing Aceh's poverty to consistently fall below the national average.Artikel ini mengkaji masalah pengelolaan keuangan pemerintah Aceh yang ditopang oleh dana otonomi khusus. Dana Otonomi Khusus ini merupakan untuk pemulihan dari bencana tsunami dan kompensasi perang setelah penandatanganan kesepakatan damai antara Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM) dan Pemerintah Indonesia yang bertujuan untuk pembangunan peningkatan kesejahteraan rakyat Aceh, yang dikucurkan oleh pemerintah pusat. Namun tata kelola dana otsus yang dijalankannya belum mampu membantu Aceh keluar dari zona kemiskinan sesuai standar nasional. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, kemudian purposive sampling digunakan oleh penulis sebagai teknik untuk mengidentifikasi orang-orang yang akan diwawancarai tentang masalah kemiskinan dan dana otonomi khusus Aceh. Publikasi terbuka, baik berupa dokumen resmi pemerintah seperti peraturan atau keputusan, surat kabar atau majalah, atau referensi ilmiah seperti buku atau jurnal merupakan data sekunder yang digunakan oleh penulis. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan dana otsus tidak memiliki grand design yang matang, sehingga aturan pengelolaannya berubah setiap tahun dan juga dipengaruhi oleh tarik ulur antara pemerintah Aceh dengan pemerintah daerah/kota. Kemudian, prinsip akuntabilitas tidak diterapkan dengan baik, sehingga tidak mampu mempengaruhi permasalahan substantif sektor kemiskinan di Aceh dan menyebabkan kemiskinan Aceh secara konsisten berada di bawah rata-rata nasional.
Eco-Theology in Indonesian Islam: Ideas on Stewardship among Muhammadiyah Members
Authors: Wijsen Frans , Anshori Ahmad Afnan 
Published: October 2023

In response to environmental degradation, Muslims worldwide have been developing Green Islam and Eco- Theology. This article focuses on Indonesia, particularly on Muhammadiyah members. The authors advocate an empirical approach, based on an analysis of the beliefs of Muslims rather than on the source texts of Islam. Terms frequently used by Muslims to refer to the relationship between humans and nature is “steward” and “stewardship”. By conducting interviews, the authors aim to get a deeper insight into how these terms are used in constructing Green Islam. Interviewees say on the one hand that “all creatures are the same”, on the other hand, that humans act “as stewards, as leaders” of nature. This ambiguity raises a dilemma for Eco-Theology in Indonesian Islam: between deep ecology and eco-modernity. The interviewees, however, also see a need to go beyond this dichotomy, by moderation and balancing, or the Middle Path. The Middle Path is a life orientation that promotes “harmony between humankind, the rest of nature and the Transcendent.” Menanggapi degradasi lingkungan, umat Islam di seluruh dunia telah mengembangkan Islamdan Eco-Theology. Artikel ini berfokus pada Indonesia, khususnya pada anggota Muhammadiyah. Para penulis menganjurkan pendekatan empiris, berdasarkan analisis keyakinan Muslim daripada pada teks sumber Islam. Istilah yang sering digunakan oleh umat Islam untuk merujuk pada hubungan antara manusia dan alam adalah “penatalayanan” dan “penatalayanan”. Dengan melakukan wawancara, penulis bertujuan untuk mendapatkan wawasan yang lebih dalam tentang bagaimana istilah-istilah ini digunakan dalam membangun Islam Hijau. Orang yang diwawancarai mengatakan di satu sisi bahwa “semua makhluk adalah sama”, di sisi lain bahwa manusia bertindak “sebagai pelayan, sebagai pemimpin” alam. Ambiguitas ini menimbulkan dilema bagi eko-teologi dalam Islam Indonesia: antara ekologi dalam dan eko-modernitas. Orang yang diwawancarai, bagaimanapun, juga melihat kebutuhan untuk melampaui thadalah dikotomiy, dengan moderasi dan keseimbangan, atau Jalan Tengah. Jalan Tengah adalah orientasi hidup yang mempromosikan “harmoni antara umat manusia, seluruh alam dan Transenden.”
Outcomes in the surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome under local anesthesia: comparison of the surgeries with and without tourniquet use
Authors: AYKAÇ Bilal , TÜRKKAN Alper 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common upper limb entrapment neuropathy. The current study reviews outcomes in carpal tunnel syndrome surgeries performed with local anesthesia in a procedure room outside the operating room and compares the surgeries with and without tourniquet use.
Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent carpal tunnel syndrome surgery between June 2019 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: with and without tourniquet use. Demographic characteristics, operative time, complications, and outcomes were compared. All patients were examined preoperatively and at postoperative month 3 using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scale (QDASH) questionnaire, which measures upper extremity activity and participation restrictions.
Results: The study included 119 patients. The operative time was longer in the nontourniquet group than in the tourniquet group, with a statistically significant difference (16.75±2.39 min and 14.47±1.88 min, p