bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Thyroid Hormone: An Important Aspect During Pregnancy
Authors: Pamma Parul , Singh Sricha , Sharma Sakshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
This paper provides a synopsis of maternal and fetal thyroid hormone stimulation during
pregnancy. Treatment of thyroid illness during pregnancy is critical for avoiding negative maternal
and fetal outcomes. Thyroid disorders are frequently asymptomatic and difficult to detect without specialized
monitoring programs. Even mild maternal thyroid hormone insufficiency can result in fetal
neurodevelopment difficulties. The thyroid is over-stimulated during pregnancy, resulting in alterations
in thyroid hormone concentrations. Accurate thyroid function testing during pregnancy is crucial
for both initiating thyroid hormone therapy and adjusting thyroid hormone dose in people who are already
on thyroid hormone. Trimester-specific intervals are particularly critical during pregnancy,
when thyroid insufficiency has been linked to poor obstetric outcomes and neuro-developmental impairments
in the fetus. Knowing the natural changes in hormone concentrations that occur throughout
pregnancy allows for customized supplementation of iodine when needed.
Study of Structural and Optical Properties of Copper, Manganese, and Mixed Metal (Cu And Mn) Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Yadav Vaishali , Shukla Rimpy , Sharma Krishna Swaroop , Ohjha Sunil 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Unique optical and electronic properties are exhibited by semiconductors in
nanoparticle state as compared to their bulk form. Copper and manganese are transition metals which
show various oxidation states and all the oxides have different characteristics as nanomaterials. These
metal oxides have various applications in biosensing, photocatalysis, etc.

Methods:
For this work, pure copper and manganese oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via the
Sol-Gel method. The same method was used to obtain mixed metal (Cu and Mn) oxide nanoparticles
for three values of doping (5%, 10%, and 15%) of metallic Cu in manganese oxide and Mn in copper
oxide.

Results:
X-Ray diffraction (XRD) patterns reveal that the monoclinic structure of pure CuO changes
to tetragonal on doping it with Mn, whereas the cubic phase of manganese oxide is found to change to
tetragonal and then to monoclinic as the doping level of Cu in it is increased. The surface texture of
pure and mixed metal Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) has been used to study nanoparticles, and
it has shown that as the doping level is raised, the nanoparticles' size and form vary noticeably. Additionally,
the optical characteristics investigated by UV-Visible spectroscopy show that the energy
band gap in the two cases strongly depends on the doping percentage.

Conclusion:
The crystallite size decreased from 30 nm to 15 nm after doping of Mn in CuO, whereas
it increased from 17nm to 20nm after doping of Cu in MnO. The energy gap value changed from 1.34
eV to 1.77 eV for CuO and from 3.86 eV to 2.14 eV for MnO nanoparticles after doping.
Natural Medicinal Compounds Used in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Majhi Sagarika , Singh Lubhan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). These compounds can lay the groundwork for a new pharmacological approach to treatment, as patients tolerate herbal compounds more easily because they are relatively more protective than synthetic drugs. Meanwhile, there are anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, altered tau phosphorylation, anti-amyloidogenic, decreased aggregation of neurofibrillary tangles, and anticholinesterase processes in natural compound structures, including flavonoids, polyphenols, triterpenes, tannins, alkaloids and so on. We have summarized the pathogenesis and mechanism of different natural/bioactive components for treating HD, AD, and PD. An herbal source with well-established antioxidant and neuroprotective activity showed favourable impacts in both in vivo and in vitro studies against the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases. The future outlook of herbal medicine can allow us to research their synergistic interactions, the action of multiple targets, and the elucidation of complex mechanisms of neuroprotective properties. However, in future scientific research on bioactive compounds, the efficacy of their active ingredients should be investigated to discover their neuroprotective therapeutic potential. Also, the mechanisms of action of herbal extracts and active ingredients remain to be clarified appropriately.
Advances in Pharmacokinetic Modelling and Computational Approaches for Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Dhoundiyal Shivang , Alam Md Aftab 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Generally, therapeutic drugs have issues like poor solubility, rapid removal from the bloodstream,
lack of targeting, and an inability to translocate across cell membranes. Some of these barriers
can be overcome by using nano drug delivery systems (DDS), which results in more efficient drug delivery
to the site of action. Due to their potential application as drug delivery systems, nanoparticles
are the main topic of discussion in this article. Experimental and computational investigations have
substantially aided in the understanding of how nanocarriers work and how they interact with medications,
biomembranes and other biological components. This review explores how computational modelling
can aid in the rational design of DDS that has been optimized and improved upon. The most
commonly used simulation methods for studying DDS and some of the most important biophysical elements
of DDS are also discussed. Then, we conclude by investigating the computational properties of
various types of nanocarriers, such as dendrimers and dendrons, polymer-, peptide-, nucleic acid-, lipid-,
carbon-based DDS, and gold nanoparticles.
Automated Messaging Delivered Alongside Behavioral Treatment for Weight Loss: Qualitative Study
Authors: Berry Michael , Taylor Lauren , Huang Zhuoran , Chwyl Christina , Kerrigan Stephanie , Forman Evan 
Published: October 2023

Background
Mobile health interventions for weight loss frequently use automated messaging. However, this intervention modality appears to have limited weight loss efficacy. Furthermore, data on users’ subjective experiences while receiving automated messaging–based interventions for weight loss are scarce, especially for more advanced messaging systems providing users with individually tailored, data-informed feedback.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to characterize the experiences of individuals with overweight or obesity who received automated messages for 6-12 months as part of a behavioral weight loss trial.

Methods
Participants (n=40) provided Likert-scale ratings of messaging acceptability and completed a structured qualitative interview (n=39) focused on their experiences with the messaging system and generating suggestions for improvement. Interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Participants found the messages most useful for summarizing goal progress and least useful for suggesting new behavioral strategies. Overall message acceptability was moderate (2.67 out of 5). From the interviews, 2 meta-themes emerged. Participants indicated that although the messages provided useful reminders of intervention goals and skills, they did not adequately capture their lived experiences while losing weight.

Conclusions
Many participants found the automated messages insufficiently tailored to their personal weight loss experiences. Future studies should explore alternative methods for message tailoring (eg, allowing for a higher degree of participant input and interactivity) that may boost treatment engagement and efficacy.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05231824; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05231824
Qualitative study of the use of electronic cigarettes in university students
Authors: Mateo Fernando , Arvelo  Saldaña Johanna , Santana Linette , Sánchez José Javier , Capestany Christy 
Published: October 2023

Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine the level of knowledge, beliefs, perception, and practices associated with consuming electronic cigarettes among university students.
Materials and methods: A qualitative study of phenomenological type and from primary sources was carried out in the period of May-August of the year 2019 at the private university Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM) and the public university Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo (UASD), Santiago campus, Dominican Republic. The data collection method was done through interviews, which the interviewers recorded. Each student interviewed signed an informed consent certifying that they answered voluntarily each question asked by the interviewer. The sample consisted of 53 interviews, 48 individuals, and five focus groups. Interviews were done until reaching the saturation point of each question, which is when all the answers became repetitive.
Results: University students’ knowledge regarding electronic cigarettes (EC) is poor. Knowledge regarding its mechanism, parts, substances, and possible complications to one’s health, is scarce both in PUCMM and the UASD, but this is more notable at the public university. Additionally, many perceive EC as an alternative to tobacco use, the former, as per our study population, having a variety of flavors, a pleasant smell, being attractive, practical, and capable of offering relaxation. Regarding the attitude towards the device, PUCMM exhibits a higher level of rejection regarding its use. It is essential to mention that most interviewees were once users of EC. However, they do not recommend it to a great extent since they assume that it can cause harm and be addictive, although to a lesser extent than conventional cigarettes. The population most susceptible to its use are young people, including minors and the male gender, although females have been significantly increasing its use. Similarly, it was possible to appreciate the influences that greatly evoke the younger population’s consumption, including social networks, family, friends, and the surrounding environment.
Conclusion: We concluded that university students have insufficient knowledge regarding electronic cigarettes, both in their mechanism, substances, and health complications. Most see electronic cigarettes as smoking devices with a pleasant smell, which can be very attractive to users. It was possible to observe the critical role played by social influences on the use of the device, promoted by social networks and close relationships. Another problem in current society is the use of CE in minors. According to the results, there is a great need for intervention and education, mainly among the younger generation.
Factores relacionados al estado nutricional y actividad física en estudiantes universitarios de Santiago
Authors: Yamaki Kokubun Eimi , Azcona Nuñez Gloria Maria , García Valerio Carla , Ortíz Hernández Isi Yanet , Ortíz De Polanco Rosa Matilde 
Published: October 2023

Introducción: La actividad física y el estado nutricional son dos componentes fundamentales en el estilo de vida de las personas. Los jóvenes universitarios, al encontrarse expuestos a distintos entornos, son vulnerables a adquirir ciertos hábitos y actitudes que pueden llegar a perjudicar su salud. En República Dominicana se carecen de estos datos, dándole importancia a este estudio, investigando sobre dichos factores modificables.
Objetivos: Determinar los factores relacionados al estado nutricional y actividad física en estudiantes universitarios de la provincia Santiago de los Caballeros en el período de mayo-julio 2022.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo corte transversal utilizando fuentes primarias en el periodo 2021-2022 en Santiago, a través de un cuestionario con 33 preguntas, aplicado previo a consentimiento informado, en una muestra de 201 estudiantes seleccionados por un muestreo no probabilístico, de tipo bola de nieve en una población desconocida.
Resultados: La mayoría de la población encuestada era de sexo femenino (67.2%), el estado nutricional predominante era aquel con un IMC normal (36.8%), la mayor parte de los universitarios eran inactivos físicamente (41.8%), y los hábitos alimenticios de los mismos eran parcialmente inadecuados (57.2%).
Conclusión: La relación entre los factores sociodemográficos y académicos con la actividad física y el estado nutricional no fue estadísticamente significativa. Sin embargo, se evidenció una relación significativa entre la actividad física inactiva y los hábitos alimenticios parcialmente inadecuados de los participantes.
Confianza y renuencia ante la vacuna contra la enfermedad por SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Authors: López Emilton , Araujo Adams Alejandro José , Astacio Nelly , Estévez Arianna 
Published: October 2023

Introducción: Las vacunas han sido uno de los inventos más relevantes en el ámbito de la salud pública, debido al poder que tienen de erradicar epidemias y prevenir complicaciones y muertes. Sin embargo, la renuencia ha predominado.
Objetivo: evaluar la confianza y renuencia ante la vacuna contra el SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) por parte de la población de las Salinas de Baní, provincia Peravia.
Metodología: Paradigma positivista, de tipo descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo y de corte transversal. La población total fue de 708 personas adultas, residentes en la comunidad de las Salinas de Baní, con una muestra aleatoria de 170 pacientes. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante un formulario (anexo #1) aplicado en el período agosto-septiembre 2021.
Resultados: El 20.69% de la población confía en la vacuna; el nivel de confianza mayormente atribuido fue el nivel 10 con un 36.45%; el 46.52% de la población está conforme con su acerca de la vacuna; el grupo etario con mayor duda sobre aplicarse la vacuna es el de 21-29 años, y la religión no fue un factor influyente para vacunarse.
Conclusiones: A pesar del rápido desarrollo e introducción de las vacunas contra la COVID-19, la mayoría de la población le atribuyen un alto nivel de confianza.
Tasa de filtración glomerular como estimador de la hipertensión en enfermedades renales y cardiovasculares
Authors: Gil Ramos José Manuel , Mercado Avendaño Gabriela , Roldan-Tabares Mabel Dahiana , Martínez-Sánchez Lina María , Castañeda Palacio Santiago 
Published: October 2023

Introducción: Las fórmulas para la estimación de la tasa de filtración glomerular son fundamentales para estimar el curso de enfermedades renales; incluso ha sido de gran ayuda para obtener datos de prevalencia. Las ecuaciones comparadas con otros métodos son una forma económica y rápida para dar una estimación de la función renal.
Objetivo: Describir la utilización de diferentes fórmulas para calcular la tasa de filtración glomerular relacionada con la hipertensión arterial y otras patologías renales y cardiovasculares.
Metodología: Se realizó la búsqueda de artículos de investigación en bases de datos como PubMed, Science-Direct, Embase y otras, se estableció un tiempo de publicación entre los años 2018-2022 y se seleccionaron 42 artículos científicos relacionados con el tema.
Resultados: La hipertensión arterial es una situación que incrementa el riesgo tanto de enfermedad cardiovascular como de deterioro de la función renal, por lo que en los pacientes hipertensos se espera una relación estrecha en la expresión de ambas patologías. Existen factores que alteran los valores de la creatinina sérica como la dieta, el ejercicio, la edad, el género, la masa muscular, enfermedades musculares y medicamentos. El impacto de la hipertensión en la función renal está descrito además de la relación entre el deterioro de la función renal y el incremento del riesgo cardiovascular; es por esto que en los últimos años la estimación de la función renal se ha incorporado como un marcador de morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular.
Conclusiones: La estimación de la tasa de filtración glomerular es importante en varios contextos clínicos, en especial en aquellos pacientes con enfermedades que afectan la función glomerular, la creatinina es el biomarcador más usado a pesar de sus evidentes limitaciones.
Studies of the Chemical Reactivity of a Series of Benzimidazolyl-Chalcone by Quantum Chemical Approaches
Authors: KONÉ Mamadou Guy-Richard , BÉDÉ Affoué Lucie , OUATTARA Bafétigué , DEMBÉLÉ Georges Stéphane , KARAMANIS Panaghiotis , ZIAO Nahossé 
Published: October 2023

This theoretical chemical reactivity study was conducted using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of calculation. It involved a series of five (05) Benzimidazolyl-Chalcone (BZC) and allowed the prediction of the chemical reactivity of these compounds. The DFT global chemical reactivity descriptors (HOMO and LUMO energies, chemical hardness, energy, electronic chemical potential and electrophilicity) were examined to predict the relative stability and reactivity of BZCs. Thus BZC-4 which has a boundary orbital energy gap of ΔEgap = 3.650 eV is the most polarisable, most reactive, good nucleophile.and it is a soft molecule. The values of the global reactivity descriptors confirmed the high chemical reactivity of BZC-4. Local reactivity indices as well as dual descriptors were calculated to indicate the likely sites of electrophilic and nucleophilic attack of the different compounds studied. The analysis of the local indices and the dual descriptors revealed that the nitrogen heteroatom N13 is the preferential site of electrophilic attack and the carbon atom C1 should be the most reactive site with respect to a nucleophilic attack. the Hierarchical Ascending Classification analysis allowed us to group all five (5) compounds studied into three categories. The most active which are BZC-1 and BZC-5, the moderately active BZC-2, and the compounds BZC-3 and BZC-4, the least active. Moreover, this classification is consistent with the value of the Larvicide concentrations (LC100 (μg/mL)).
Keywords : Benzimidazolyl-Chalcone (BZC), Global descriptors, Local descriptors, Dual descriptors
An overview on Saussurea obvallata: A spirituo-scientific plant of India
Authors: Jyothi R , Srinivas Murthy K M 
Published: October 2023

Saussurea obvallata (S. Obvallata) is one of the beneficial plant which has been used in various countries as traditional medicines. Some of the species have been identified as endangered ones. Realizing the importance of one of S. Obvallata in ornamental, spiritual and traditional purposes, a review studies was undertaken to understand the scientific investigations carried out on the plant and spiritual practices in India have been focused as a part of germplasm conservation in India.
Keywords: S. obvallata, Brahma kamal, medicinal, spiritual plant
Histopatological Changes in Plasenta Previa, Plasenta Acreata and Normotensive Plasentas in the 3rd Trimestry of Pregnancy
Authors: ERDOĞAN Gamze , DEVECİ Engin , PEKER Nurullah , İBİLOĞLU İbrahim , TEKELİOĞLU Yavuz , YAVUZ Dilek , AKDENİZ Gül Ebru , ERDOĞAN Hasan 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: One of the consequences of improper placentation is placenta previa, a condition in which the placenta is located on or near the internal cervical os. This condition is the major cause of bleeding in the last trimester of pregnancy. It is one of the causes of both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Placenta accreta is a disorder caused by abnormal invasion of the placental villi into the myometrium. In this study, we aimed to compare the histopathologic changes in placenta previa, placenta acreata and normotensive placentas during the third trimester of pregnancy.
Materials and methods: In our study, placentas of a total of 60 pregnant women including 20 placenta previa, 20 placenta acreata and 20 normotensive pregnant women were used and the placentas were compared histopathologically.
Results: In the control group placentas, the appearance of endothelial cells was normal, with a slight distribution of erythrocytes in the intervillous areas. Fibrinoid structures were observed to be smooth. Dysfunctional development of endothelial cells was observed in the sections of the placenta acreata group. Congestion and edema were observed in the vessels and degeneration was detected in the cells in the syncytial region. In placenta previa sections, muscle cells showed prominent pyknotic nucleus structures. Dilatations and fibronoid structures were seen in the vessels. Dense erythrocyte accumulation was detected in the intervillous areas.
Conclusion: In our study, we concluded that placenta previa and placenta accreta cause very serious degenerations on the placentas.
Keywords: Placenta, Placenta Previa, Plasenta Acreata, histopatology
Liquid-based cytology screening in Gynecologic oncology
Authors: Lakshmi K , Balaji R , Ramamurthy A , Devi Senthil , Jayakumar V , Vijayalakshmi K 
Published: October 2023

Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is transforming the diagnostic landscape of gynecologic oncology, offering enhanced accuracy in the early detection and effective management of cancers like cervical, ovarian, and endometrial. This article provides an in-depth review of the principles underpinning LBC, elaborates on its application in modern gynecologic oncology, and discusses the distinctive advantages that it holds over traditional cytology methods. Furthermore, the article recognizes the potential limitations of LBC, including cost implications and residual challenges with sample interpretation. The discussion also highlights the ability of LBC to synergistically work with additional testing methods such as high-risk HPV DNA testing, which enriches the diagnostic information gathered from each sample. With this comprehensive analysis, the article illustrates the compelling role of LBC in revolutionizing the quality of diagnostic samples and its consequent potential for improving patient outcomes in gynecologic oncology. This exploration paves the way for future research to further harness and optimize the benefits of LBC in advancing gynecologic healthcare.
Keywords: Liquid-based cytology, Gynecology, Oncology
Relationship Between of Adherence Rate to Taking Drugs Antihypertensives against Blood Pressure of Elderly Patients in Sekarjaya Health Center Ogan Komering Ulu Regency
Authors: Hardiyanti Trirahmi , Adil Fisat Dewa , Luthfiana Farisa , Budiyanti Nur Aini 
Published: October 2023

Hypertension is a disease that is often found in the community and continues to experience an increase in cases of hypertension due to unhealthy lifestyles. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of adherence to the consumption of antihypertensive drugs, describe the increase in patients' blood pressure and explain the relationship between the level of adherence in taking antihypertensive drugs to blood pressure in elderly patients. This study used a prospective quantitative descriptive method at the Sekarjaya Health Center, OKU Regency in May-June 2023. The results of the study found that out of 50 patients, 41 patients had low adherence and 9 patients had moderate adherence. In the classification of hypertension patients, 14 patients (28%) were at the pre-hypertensive level, 27 patients (54%) were at level 1 hypertension and 9 patients (18%) were at level 2 hypertension. Analysis of the relationship of adherence to blood pressure obtained a p value of 0.361. The conclusion of this study was that there was no relationship between compliance with blood pressure in hypertensive patients at the Sekarjaya Health Center, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. However, the length of illness and forgetting to take medication was influence on compliance with p values of 0.045 and 0.002.
Keywords: Hypertension, geriatrics, adherence, health center