bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and transmission of respiratory syncytial virus in urban and rural South Africa, 2017-2018
Authors: Cohen Cheryl , Kleynhans Jackie , Moyes Jocelyn , McMorrow Meredith L. , Treurnicht Florette K. , Hellferscee Orienka , Wolter Nicole , Martinson Neil A. , Kahn Kathleen , Lebina Limakatso , Mothlaoleng Katlego , Wafawanaka Floidy , Gómez-Olivé Francesc Xavier , Mkhencele Thulisa , Mathunjwa Azwifarwi , Carrim Maimuna , Mathee Angela , Piketh Stuart , Language Brigitte , von Gottberg Anne , Tempia Stefano 
Published: January 2024

AbstractData on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) incidence and household transmission are limited. To describe RSV incidence and transmission, we conducted a prospective cohort study in rural and urban communities in South Africa over two seasons during 2017-2018. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected twice-weekly for 10 months annually and tested for RSV using PCR. We tested 81,430 samples from 1,116 participants in 225 households (follow-up 90%). 32% (359/1116) of individuals had ≥1 RSV infection; 10% (37/359) had repeat infection during the same season, 33% (132/396) of infections were symptomatic, and 2% (9/396) sought medical care. Incidence was 47.2 infections/100 person-years and highest in children <5 years (78.3). Symptoms were commonest in individuals aged <12 and ≥65 years. Individuals 1-12 years accounted for 55% (134/242) of index cases. Household cumulative infection risk was 11%. On multivariable analysis, index cases with ≥2 symptoms and shedding duration >10 days were more likely to transmit; household contacts aged 1-4 years vs. ≥65 years were more likely to acquire infection. Within two South African communities, RSV attack rate was high, and most infections asymptomatic. Young children were more likely to introduce RSV into the home, and to be infected. Future studies should examine whether vaccines targeting children aged <12 years could reduce community transmission.
Metal-support interaction boosts the stability of Ni-based electrocatalysts for alkaline hydrogen oxidation
Authors: Tian Xiaoyu , Ren Renjie , Wei Fengyuan , Pei Jiajing , Zhuang Zhongbin , Zhuang Lin , Sheng Wenchao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNi-based hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) electrocatalysts are promising anode materials for the anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), but their application is hindered by their inherent instability for practical operations. Here, we report a TiO2supported Ni4Mo (Ni4Mo/TiO2) catalyst that can effectively catalyze HOR in alkaline electrolyte with a mass activity of 10.1 ± 0.9 A g−1Niand remain active even up to 1.2 V. The Ni4Mo/TiO2anode AEMFC delivers a peak power density of 520 mW cm−2and durability at 400 mA cm−2for nearly 100 h. The origin for the enhanced activity and stability is attributed to the down-shifteddband center, caused by the efficient charge transfer from TiO2to Ni. The modulated electronic structure weakens the binding strength of oxygen species, rendering a high stability. The Ni4Mo/TiO2has achieved greatly improved stability both in half cell and single AEMFC tests, and made a step forward for feasibility of efficient and durable AEMFCs.
Waste milk humification product can be used as a slow release nano-fertilizer
Authors: Zhu Yanping , Cao Yuxuan , Fu Bingbing , Wang Chengjin , Shu Shihu , Zhu Pengjin , Wang Dongfang , Xu He , Zhong Naiqin , Cai Dongqing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe demand for milk has increased globally, accompanied by an increase in waste milk. Here, we provide an artificial humification technology to recycle waste milk into an agricultural nano-fertilizer. We use KOH-activated persulfate to convert waste milk into fulvic-like acid and humic-like acid. We mix the product with attapulgite to obtain a slow-release nano fulvic-like acid fertilizer. We apply this nano-fertilizer to chickweeds growing in pots, resulting in improved yield and root elongation. These results indicate that waste milk could be recycled for agricultural purposes, however, this nano-fertilizer needs to be tested further in field experiments.
Switching molecular recognition selectivities by temperature in a diffusion-regulatory porous material
Authors: Su Yan , Otake Ken-ichi , Zheng Jia-Jia , Xu Hong , Wang Qing , Liu Haiming , Huang Fei , Wang Ping , Kitagawa Susumu , Gu Cheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOver the long history of evolution, nature has developed a variety of biological systems with switchable recognition functions, such as the ion transmissibility of biological membranes, which can switch their ion selectivities in response to diverse stimuli. However, developing a method in an artificial host-guest system for switchable recognition of specific guests upon the change of external stimuli is a fundamental challenge in chemistry because the order in the host-guest affinity of a given system hardly varies along with environmental conditions. Herein, we report temperature-responsive recognition of two similar gaseous guests, CO2 and C2H2, with selectivities switched by temperature change by a diffusion-regulatory mechanism, which is realized by a dynamic porous crystal featuring ultrasmall pore apertures with flip-flop locally-motive organic moiety. The dynamic local motion regulates the diffusion process of CO2 and C2H2 and amplifies their rate differences, allowing the crystal to selectively adsorb CO2 at low temperatures and C2H2 at high temperatures with separation factors of 498 (CO2/C2H2) and 181 (C2H2/CO2), respectively.
Spectroscopy and dynamics of the hydrated electron at the water/air interface
Authors: Jordan Caleb J. C. , Coons Marc P. , Herbert John M. , Verlet Jan R. R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe hydrated electron, e–(aq), has attracted much attention as a central species in radiation chemistry. However, much less is known about e–(aq) at the water/air surface, despite its fundamental role in electron transfer processes at interfaces. Using time-resolved electronic sum-frequency generation spectroscopy, the electronic spectrum of e–(aq) at the water/air interface and its dynamics are measured here, following photo-oxidation of the phenoxide anion. The spectral maximum agrees with that for bulk e–(aq) and shows that the orbital density resides predominantly within the aqueous phase, in agreement with supporting calculations. In contrast, the chemistry of the interfacial hydrated electron differs from that in bulk water, with e–(aq) diffusing into the bulk and leaving the phenoxyl radical at the surface. Our work resolves long-standing questions about e–(aq) at the water/air interface and highlights its potential role in chemistry at the ubiquitous aqueous interface.
Tubeimosides are pan-coronavirus and filovirus inhibitors that can block their fusion protein binding to Niemann-Pick C1
Authors: Khan Ilyas , Li Sunan , Tao Lihong , Wang Chong , Ye Bowei , Li Huiyu , Liu Xiaoyang , Ahmad Iqbal , Su Wenqiang , Zhong Gongxun , Wen Zhiyuan , Wang Jinliang , Hua Rong-Hong , Ma Ao , Liang Jie , Wan Xiao-Peng , Bu Zhi-Gao , Zheng Yong-Hui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 and filovirus enter cells via the cell surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) or the late-endosome Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) as a receptor. Here, we screened 974 natural compounds and identified Tubeimosides I, II, and III as pan-coronavirus and filovirus entry inhibitors that target NPC1. Using in-silico, biochemical, and genomic approaches, we provide evidence that NPC1 also binds SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein on the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which is blocked by Tubeimosides. Importantly, NPC1 strongly promotes productive SARS-CoV-2 entry, which we propose is due to its influence on fusion in late endosomes. The Tubeimosides’ antiviral activity and NPC1 function are further confirmed by infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC), SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. Thus, NPC1 is a critical entry co-factor for highly pathogenic human coronaviruses (HCoVs) in the late endosomes, and Tubeimosides hold promise as a new countermeasure for these HCoVs and filoviruses.
A general strategy for recycling polyester wastes into carboxylic acids and hydrocarbons
Authors: Zeng Wei , Zhao Yanfei , Zhang Fengtao , Li Rongxiang , Tang Minhao , Chang Xiaoqian , Wang Ying , Wu Fengtian , Han Buxing , Liu Zhimin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChemical recycling of plastic wastes is of great significance for sustainable development, which also represents a largely untapped opportunity for the synthesis of value-added chemicals. Herein, we report a novel and general strategy to degrade polyesters via directly breaking the Calkoxy-O bond by nucleophilic substitution of halide anion of ionic liquids under mild conditions. Combined with hydrogenation over Pd/C, 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bromide can realize the deconstruction of various polyesters including aromatic and aliphatic ones, copolyesters and polyester mixtures into corresponding carboxylic acids and alkanes; meanwhile, tetrabutylphosphonium bromide can also achieve direct decomposition of the polyesters with β-H into carboxylic acids and alkenes under hydrogen- and metal-free conditions. It is found that the hydrogen-bonding interaction between ionic liquid and ester group in polyester enhances the nucleophilicity of halide anion and activates the Calkoxy-O bond. The findings demonstrate how polyester wastes can be a viable feedstock for the production of carboxylic acids and hydrocarbons.
Efficacy and feasibility of aerobic exercise interventions as an adjunctive treatment for patients with schizophrenia: a meta-Analysis
Authors: Guo Jing , Liu Keju , Liao Yundan , Qin Ying , Yue Weihua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSchizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder primarily treated with antipsychotics, which have limited efficacy for negative symptoms. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of exercise interventions as adjuncts to pharmacotherapy through a meta-analysis, providing valuable insights for rational intervention design. Four databases were searched, and randomized controlled trials with no language restrictions published up to March 27, 2023, were included. The primary outcome indicator was the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) total score along with its three sub-scales. Secondary outcomes included the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and Body Mass Index (BMI), which were used to assess the efficacy of aerobic exercise interventions in patients with schizophrenia. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the impact of intervention duration and total weekly exercise time, while treatment feasibility was assessed through adherence rates. A total of 17 publications involving 973 patients with schizophrenia were deemed eligible and included in the analysis. Compared to other forms of adjunctive interventions, the network meta-analysis of 12 PANSS-based studies revealed that adjunctive aerobic exercise interventions were the most effective in reducing overall PANSS scores in patients with schizophrenia, with statistically significant pooled results (MD = −4.84, 95% CI: −5.72, −3.96). Both the PANSS negative symptom subscale (MD = −2.11, 95% CI: −3.26, −0.95) and SANS (MD = −9.11, 95% CI: −11.94, −6.27) indicated that adjunctive aerobic exercise interventions effectively alleviate negative symptoms. Subgroup meta-analysis indicated that 2-3 month interventions involving 100–220 min of exercise per week were the most effective. Additionally, adherence to the adjunctive aerobic exercise regimen was found to be comparable to that of conventional treatment alone. Aerobic exercise interventions, as adjunctive therapy, are an effective measure for reducing PANSS scores in patients with schizophrenia, contributing to the alleviation of both the positive and negative symptoms, and patients demonstrated strong adherence to aerobic exercise.
A candidate antibody drug for prevention of malaria
Authors: Williams Katherine L. , Guerrero Steve , Flores-Garcia Yevel , Kim Dongkyoon , Williamson Kevin S. , Siska Christine , Smidt Pauline , Jepson Sofia Z. , Li Kan , Dennison S. Moses , Mathis-Torres Shamika , Chen Xiaomu , Wille-Reece Ulrike , MacGill Randall S. , Walker Michael , Jongert Erik , King C. Richter , Ockenhouse Christian , Glanville Jacob , Moon James E. , Regules Jason A. , Tan Yann Chong , Cavet Guy , Lippow Shaun M. , Robinson William H. , Dutta Sheetij , Tomaras Georgia D. , Zavala Fidel , Ketchem Randal R. , Emerling Daniel E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOver 75% of malaria-attributable deaths occur in children under the age of 5 years. However, the first malaria vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for pediatric use, RTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix), has modest efficacy. Complementary strategies, including monoclonal antibodies, will be important in efforts to eradicate malaria. Here we characterize the circulating B cell repertoires of 45 RTS,S/AS01 vaccinees and discover monoclonal antibodies for development as potential therapeutics. We generated >28,000 antibody sequences and tested 481 antibodies for binding activity and 125 antibodies for antimalaria activity in vivo. Through these analyses we identified correlations suggesting that sequences in Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein, the target antigen in RTS,S/AS01, may induce immunodominant antibody responses that limit more protective, but subdominant, responses. Using binding studies, mouse malaria models, biomanufacturing assessments and protein stability assays, we selected AB-000224 and AB-007088 for advancement as a clinical lead and backup. We engineered the variable domains (Fv) of both antibodies to enable low-cost manufacturing at scale for distribution to pediatric populations, in alignment with WHO’s preferred product guidelines. The engineered clone with the optimal manufacturing and drug property profile, MAM01, was advanced into clinical development.
Liquid-infused interfacial floatable porous membrane as movable gate for ultrafast immiscible oil/water separation
Authors: Yang Jianlin , Yang Xin , Yu Tianlu , Wang Zhecun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiquid separation methods are widely used in industrial and everyday applications, however, their applicability is often constrained by low efficiency, membrane fouling, and poor energy efficiency. Herein, a conceptually novel liquid-infused interfacial floatable porous membrane (LIIFPM) system for high-performance oil/water separation is proposed. The system functions by allowing a liquid to wet and fill a superamphiphilic porous membrane, thereby creating a stable liquid-infused interface that floats at the oil/water interface and prevents the passage of immiscible liquids. The lower-layer liquid can outflow directly, while the flow of the upper-layer liquid is stopped by the membrane. Remarkably, the efficiency of the LIIFPM system is independent of the membrane pore size, enabling ultrafast immiscible oil/water separation in an energy-saving and antifouling manner.
Efficient extraction of oleoresin from Ferula gummosa roots by natural deep eutectic solvent and its structure and chemical characterizations
Authors: Radmard Javad , Mohamadi Sani Ali , Arianfar Akram , Mahmoodzadeh Vaziri Behrooz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents in the extraction of plant metabolites have found many advantages, such as low toxicity, biodegradability, low cost and ease of preparation over the conventional methods. This work aims to compare natural deep eutectic solvents in extraction and optimization of oleoresin from Ferula gummosa and determining its chemical and structure properties. Box–Behnken design was applied to optimize the extraction of oleoresin from Ferula gummosa using eutectic solvents. The variables of extraction were extraction time, temperature, and ratio of eutectic solvents. Six mixtures of eutectic solvents including choline chloride/urea, acetic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, formamide and glycerol at ratios of 2:1 and 3:1 were evaluated. The highest yields were obtained for choline chloride/formic acid, choline chloride/formamide. The quadratic regression equation was set up as a predictive model with an R2 value of 0.85. The optimum condition was 6 h, 40 °C, and ratio 12.5% (w/v). No significant difference was found between the predicted and experimental yield. The main components of the oleoresin were β-pinene (40.27%), cylcofenchen (11.93%) and α-pinene (7.53%) as characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The chemical structure study by spectroscopy showed that no solvents remained in the oleoresin. Therefore, F. gummosa oleoresin can be explored as a novel promising natural pharmaceutical ingredient extracted with eutectic solvents.
Characteristics of physical activity during beginner-level group tennis lessons and the effect daily activity
Authors: Kawakami Ryo , Yamakawa Satoshi , Konda Shoji , Ogasawara Issei , Hasegawa Ryosuke , Yamasaki Keita , Kanamoto Takashi , Yokoyama Teruki , Yoshida Akiyo , Marutani Yoshihiro , Ueda Yuko , Mitsuoka Hideo , Horie Shintaro , Horio Daigo , Nakata Ken 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTennis is a popular leisure sport, and studies have indicated that playing tennis regularly provides many health benefits. We aimed to clarify the characteristics of physical activity during beginner-level group tennis lessons and daily physical activity of the participants. Physical activity was measured using an accelerometer sensor device for four weeks, including the 80-min duration tennis lessons held twice a week. Valid data were categorized for tennis and non-tennis days. The mean physical activity intensity during the tennis lesson was 3.37 METs. The mean ratio of short-bout rest periods to the tennis lesson time in 90 and 120 s was 7% and 4%, respectively. The mean physical activity intensity was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) and the duration of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) was increased in 76% of participants on days with tennis lessons compared to without tennis lessons. Beginner-level tennis lesson has characteristics of less short-bout rest physical activity than previously reported competitive tennis match and increased the duration of VPA in daily activity compared to without tennis lessons, suggesting that beginner-level tennis lessons contribute physical activity of health benefits.
Study on improvement of copper sulfide acid soil properties and mechanism of metal ion fixation based on Fe-biochar composite
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Xue Jinchun , Han Huaqin , Wang Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, Fe modification of bamboo biochar (BC) with ferrate was used to construct a composite soil amendment based on K2FeO4-biochar (Fe-BC) system. Based on soil culture experiments, Fe-BC combined with organic–inorganic materials at the application levels of 3%, 5% and 10% to copper sulfide contaminated acid soil was studied. Adsorption kinetics experiment was used to investigate the adsorption capacity of Fe-modified biochar to heavy metal Cu. The results showed that the pH value of bamboo biochar could be increased by 1.12 units after K2FeO4 modification. Compared with the BC, the adsorption capacity of Cu2+ increased from 190.48 to 276.12 mg/g, which was mainly reflected in single-layer surface adsorption and chemisorption. Pore diffusion, electrostatic interaction and surface interaction are the possible mechanisms of Fe-BC interaction with Cu2+ ions. And the contents of Pb, Cu and Zn in soil leaching state decreased by 59.20%, 65.88% and 57.88%, respectively, at the 10% application level of Fe-BC. In general, the composite modifier based on ferrate and biochar has a positive effect on improving the characteristics of acidic soil in copper mining area.
Identification of hub genes distinguishing subtypes in endometrial stromal sarcoma through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhang Ruiqi , Zhao Weilin , Zhu Xingyao , Liu Yuhua , Ding Qi , Yang Caiyun , Zou Hong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiagnosing low-grade and high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS and HG-ESS) is a challenge. This study aimed to identify biomarkers. 22 ESS cases were analyzed using Illumina microarrays. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified via Limma. DEGs were analyzed with String and Cytoscape. Core genes were enriched with GO and KEGG, their pan-cancer implications and immune aspects were studied. 413 DEGs were found by exome sequencing, 2174 by GSE85383 microarray. 36 common genes were identified by Venn analysis, and 10 core genes including RBFOX1, PCDH7, FAT1 were selected. Core gene GO enrichment included cell adhesion, T cell proliferation, and KEGG focused on related pathways. Expression was evaluated across 34 cancers, identifying immune DEGs IGF1 and AVPR1A. Identifying the DEGs not only helps improve our understanding of LG-ESS, HG-ESS but also promises to be potential biomarkers for differential diagnosis between LG-ESS and HG-ESS and new therapeutic targets.
Comparison of intraocular pressure fluctuation and glaucoma progression rate between phakic and pseudophakic eyes in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma
Authors: Kang Edward , Park Ji-Hye , Yoo Chungkwon , Kim Yong Yeon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe management of patients with concurrent pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and cataract is challenging given its worse prognosis compared to other glaucoma types and the increased risk associated with cataract surgery. In this retrospective study, we investigated the long-term outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with PXG. We enrolled patients with PXG who had undergone cataract surgery at least 2 years previously and compared them with mean deviation (MD) matched patients with phakic eyes. The results showed that both groups experienced a decrease in MD, with the group of pseudophakic eyes exhibiting a significantly higher rate of decline (−2.15 ± 2.66 dB/year vs. −0.86 ± 0.95 dB/year; P = 0.040). Similarly, there was a trend towards more rapid thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer in the pseudophakic group (−2.92 ± 2.34 μm/year vs. −1.79 ± 1.71 μm/year; P = 0.074). No significant differences in the intraocular pressure parameters were observed between the two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that pseudophakic lens status was significantly associated with a faster rate of MD decline in patients with PXG (regression coefficient, −1.391; P = 0.022). These findings underscore the importance of close monitoring of patients with pseudophakic PXG to effectively manage glaucoma progression.