bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lowering of Tropopause and Strengthening of Tropopause Inversion Layer at Antarctica During the 2002 and 2019 Southern Sudden Stratospheric Warming Events as Seen by Radiosonde Observations and ERA5 Reanalysis
Authors: Yang Lingyun , Zhang Shaodong , Huang Chunming , Huang Kaiming , Gong Yun , Ma Zheng , Luo Jiahui , Wang Rui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUsing radiosonde and ERA5 reanalysis data, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations in the tropopause and tropopause inversion layer (TIL) in the Antarctic region during the 2002 and 2019 southern sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events and the mechanism involved. Following these SSW events there was a sharper TIL and a warmer and lower tropopause. After the onset of rapid warming during the major SSW event in 2002 and the minor SSW event in 2019, the magnitudes of these anomalies increased and reached their respective first peaks. The anomalies increased and peaked again following the early final breakdown of the polar vortex (i.e., the switch to summer circulation). During the SSW events and final breakdown of the polar vortex in 2002 and 2019, stratospheric residual mean circulation, which was driven by planetary waves, was the primary cause of these anomalies. The adiabatic heating of the anomalous downwelling residual mean circulation above the tropopause led to a decrease in the tropopause height and a warming of the tropopause temperature. It also led to increased static stability near the tropopause by dynamical heating, which represented a strengthened TIL. In addition, approximately 4% and 1.9% of the strengthening of the TIL in 2002 and 2019, respectively, can be attributed to the increased anticyclonic circulation at the tropopause.
Expert consensus on orthodontic treatment of protrusive facial deformities
Authors: Pan Jie , Lu Yun , Liu Anqi , Wang Xuedong , Wang Yu , Gong Shiqiang , Fang Bing , He Hong , Bai Yuxing , Wang Lin , Jin Zuolin , Li Weiran , Chen Lili , Hu Min , Song Jinlin , Cao Yang , Wang Jun , Fang Jin , Shi Jiejun , Hou Yuxia , Wang Xudong , Mao Jing , Zhou Chenchen , Liu Yan , Liu Yuehua 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Protrusive facial deformities, characterized by the forward displacement of the teeth and/or jaws beyond the normal range, affect a considerable portion of the population. The manifestations and morphological mechanisms of protrusive facial deformities are complex and diverse, requiring orthodontists to possess a high level of theoretical knowledge and practical experience in the relevant orthodontic field. To further optimize the correction of protrusive facial deformities, this consensus proposes that the morphological mechanisms and diagnosis of protrusive facial deformities should be analyzed and judged from multiple dimensions and factors to accurately formulate treatment plans. It emphasizes the use of orthodontic strategies, including jaw growth modification, tooth extraction or non-extraction for anterior teeth retraction, and maxillofacial vertical control. These strategies aim to reduce anterior teeth and lip protrusion, increase chin prominence, harmonize nasolabial and chin-lip relationships, and improve the facial profile of patients with protrusive facial deformities. For severe skeletal protrusive facial deformities, orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment may be suggested. This consensus summarizes the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience of numerous renowned oral experts nationwide, offering reference strategies for the correction of protrusive facial deformities.
In-vitro accuracy of the virtual patient model with maxillomandibular relationship at centric occlusion using 3D-printed customized transfer key
Authors: Nguyen Anh Ho-Quynh , Huynh Nam Cong-Nhat , Nguyen Oanh Ngoc-Hoang , Nguyen Nhat Dinh-Minh , Phan Hai Hoang , Kim Jong-Eun , Jin Gan , Nguyen Khanh Hung , Hoang Hung Trong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to create a 3D-printed customized transfer key and evaluate the accuracy of the virtual patient model with maxillomandibular relationship at centric occlusion using the transfer key.

Methods
A 3D-printed transfer key was designed, combining facial and intraoral (IOS) scans. The design included components that recorded the 3D upper and lower arch at centric occlusion. The virtual patient model image was generated in-vitro using a phantom head with soft tissue simulation. Accuracy was assessed by superimposing the 3D scans with reference CBCT images and analyzing trueness and precision using root mean square (RMS) deviations.

Results
The transfer key included an intra-oral part that acts as an anterior deprogrammer to record the relationship of two dental arches at centric occlusion (CO) and an extra-oral with a rotatable cross-shaped design with two arms for locating the facial midline and the two pupils connecting line. Superimposition demonstrated high trueness (RMS: 0.51 mm for the arch regions, 0.69 mm for the whole head region, 0.85 mm in the face region) and precision (RMS: 0.41 mm for the arch regions, 0.52 mm for the entire head, 0.63 mm in the face region) significantly (p < 0.05). Minimal deviations were observed in critical areas, including the tooth and lip position, indicating that the virtual patient model was closely aligned with the CBCT reference. The dental arches achieved the highest accuracy, while slight deviations were noted in the facial regions.

Conclusions
The 3D-printed customized transfer key effectively enhanced the virtual patient model’s accuracy, surpassing traditional trueness and precision methods. This novel approach offers a streamlined, patient-friendly solution for digital dental workflows.
The zinc-finger transcription factor Blimp1/Prdm1 is required for uterine remodelling and repair in the mouse
Authors: Xypolita Maria-Eleni , Goolam Mubeen , Bikoff Elizabeth K. , Robertson Elizabeth J. , Mould Arne W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The zinc finger transcription factor Blimp1/PRDM1 regulates gene expression in diverse cell types. Its activity controls the maternal decidual response at early post-implantation stages of development. The present experiments demonstrate surprisingly that Blimp1 activity in the uterus is required for tissue remodelling at sites of embryonic failure. Moreover Blimp1 mutant females are refractory to RU486 induced decidual shedding. RNA-seq together with immunostaining experiments strongly suggest that the failure to up-regulate expression of the matrix metalloprotease Mmp10 in combination with insufficient suppression of BMP signalling, likely explain Blimp1-dependent phenotypic changes. In the post-partum uterus Blimp1 together with Mmp10 are highly upregulated at sites of tissue repair following placental detachment. Conditional Blimp1 removal significantly impairs the re-epithelization process and severely impacts involution of the endometrium and luminal epithelium. Overall these results identify Blimp1 as a master regulator of uterine tissue remodelling and repair.
Mathematical modeling of water sorption isotherms in specialty coffee beans processed by wet and semidry postharvest methods
Authors: Collazos-Escobar Gentil A. , Hurtado-Cortés Valeria , Bahamón-Monje Andrés Felipe , Gutiérrez-Guzmán Nelson 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the experimental assessment and mathematical modeling of the water sorption isotherms in dried specialty coffee beans processed by wet and semidry postharvest methods. The wet and semidry sorption isotherms were experimentally obtained over a range of water activities between 0.1 and 0.85 at temperatures of 25, 35, and 45 °C using the dynamic dew point method (DDI). Mathematical modeling was conducted to describe the influence of water activity, temperature, and postharvest method on the equilibrium moisture content. Twelve conventional sorption equations and four machine learning techniques were employed for modeling, using 75% of the experimental data for training and 25% for validation. The selection of the best model was carried out via multifactor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Experimental results showed that wet and semidry coffee beans exhibited a type II S-shaped isotherm (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller classification) and a significant (p < 0.05) influence of temperature on sorption curves. Additionally, the mucilaginous coating found in semidry coffee beans provided a protective role against water sorption. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) model provided the best fit for describing the sorption isotherms (mean relative error, MRE < 1% and adjusted coefficient of determination, R
2
adj > 99%), demonstrating its robustness in predicting the equilibrium moisture content as a function of water activity, temperature, and postharvest processing method. This mathematical model could serve as a virtual representation of the storage process, facilitating real-time decision-making to enhance coffee quality management during storage.
The computerized algorithm for renal assessment improves diagnostic accuracy of renal impairment in hospitalized patients
Authors: Chen Chun-You , Chang Te-I. , Chen Cheng-Hsien , Hsu Shih-Chang , Chu Yen-Ling , Huang Nai-Jen , Sue Yuh-Mou , Chen Tso-Hsiao , Huang Po-Hsun , Liu Chung-Te , Hsieh Hui-Ling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In hospitalized patients, acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important adverse event associated with high mortality and medical costs. Accurate diagnosis and timely management of AKI are essential for improving the outcomes of in-hospital AKI, and delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis hinders advancements in AKI care. To ameliorate this problem, several electronic AKI alert systems have been proposed but have shown inconsistent effects on AKI outcomes. Before electronic systems can improve AKI outcomes, it is important to confirm their diagnostic accuracy. The purposes of the present study were to establish an easy-to-construct computerized algorithm for the diagnosis of renal impairment and to test its accuracy. The present study retrospectively included 1551 patients hospitalized in Wanfang Hospital with serum creatinine (SCr) levels > 1.3 mg/dL. A computerized algorithm was constructed to identify AKI events and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in these patients. Previous SCr tests were reviewed to define baseline SCr levels. A SCr level increased > 1.5 times from baseline was defined as AKI. An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for > 90 days was defined as CKD. Discharge diagnoses made by the attending physicians were defined as “clinician’s diagnoses.” The researcher’s diagnoses, made by experienced nephrologists according to the same criteria, were the gold standard to which the computerized algorithms and the clinician’s diagnoses were compared. The diagnoses made by the computerized algorithm and clinician were compared with the researcher’s diagnoses to define their accuracy. Among the included patients, the mean age was 73.0 years; in-hospital mortality was 14.8%, and AKI was present in 28.6% of patients. Regarding the diagnostic accuracy for AKI, the computerized algorithm achieved a sensitivity of 85.6% and a specificity of 98.8%. The main cause of false-negative (FN) AKI diagnosis was AKI occurring prior to the outpatient visit, before the indexed hospitalization. Regarding the diagnostic accuracy for CKD, the computerized algorithm achieved a sensitivity of 94.7% and specificity of 100%. The main cause of FN CKD diagnosis was the lack of previous eGFR records. The computerized algorithm exhibited significantly superior accuracy compared to the clinician’s diagnoses for both AKI (95.0% vs. 57.0%) and CKD (96.5% vs. 73.6%). We developed a simple and easy-to-construct computerized algorithm for the diagnosis of renal impairment that demonstrated significantly improved diagnostic accuracy for AKI and CKD compared to that of clinicians. In the future, an algorithmic approach for the differential diagnosis of AKI and a decision guide should be incorporated into this system.
Identification of novel genetic variants associated with feline cardiomyopathy using targeted next-generation sequencing
Authors: Raffle Jade , Novo Matos Jose , Wallace Marsha , Wilkie Lois , Piercy Richard J. , Elliott Perry , Connolly David J. , Luis Fuentes Virginia , Psifidi Androniki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cardiomyopathies are the most common heritable heart diseases in cats and humans. This study aimed to identify novel genetic variants in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) using a targeted panel of genes associated with human cardiomyopathy. Cats were phenotyped for HCM/RCM by echocardiography ± necropsy. DNA was extracted from residual blood, and targeted next-generation sequencing was performed on two separate feline cohorts: an across-breed cohort (23 healthy cats and 21 HCM-affected pedigree or Domestic Shorthair cats), and a within-breed cohort of Birman pedigree cats (14 healthy, 8 HCM-affected, and 6 RCM-affected). Genome Analysis Toolkit was used for variant discovery. Genomic association analyses, including the covariates breed, age, and sex, were conducted to identify genetic variants of interest. We identified genetic variants associated with both HCM and RCM susceptibility in the sarcomeric genes ACTC1, ACTN2, MYH7, TNNT2 and the non-sarcomeric gene CSRP3 in the Birman pedigree cats. These findings suggest that, as proposed in humans, there is at least partial overlap in the genetic background between the HCM and RCM phenotypes in cats. These findings offer potential insights for comparative cardiac research and translational medicine.
Proteogenomic analysis reveals Arp 2/3 complex as a common molecular mechanism in high risk pancreatic cysts and pancreatic cancer
Authors: Mahmud A. K. M. Firoj , Mansour Aly Dina Gamaleldin , Zhao Yelin , Benson Mikael , Smelik Martin , Sysoev Oleg , Wang Hui , Li Xinxiu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pancreatic cysts, particularly intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), pose a potential risk for progressing to pancreatic cancer (PC). This study investigates the genetic architecture of benign pancreatic cysts and its potential connection to PC using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The discovery GWAS identified significant genetic variants associated with benign cysts, specifically the rs142409042 variant near the OPCML gene. A pairwise GWAS comparing PC to benign cysts revealed the rs7190458 variant near the BCAR1 and CTRB1 genes. Further analysis with identified GWAS genes highlighted the Actin Related Protein (Arp) 2/3 complex as a potentially important molecular mechanism connecting benign cysts and PC. The Arp2/3 complex-associated genes were significantly upregulated in PC, suggesting their role in the malignant transformation of pancreatic cysts. Differential expression of these genes was observed across various cell types in PC, indicating their involvement in the tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that the Arp2/3 complex-associated genes can serve as potential biomarkers for predicting the malignant transformation of pancreatic cysts, opening new avenues for targeted therapies and early detection strategies.
Deep circadian‐informed probability refinement network for pedestrian intent classification in urban complex
Authors: Wu Ho Chun , Yuen Paul , Lau Esther Hoi Shan , Hung Kevin , Chui Kwok Tai , Lui Andrew Kwok Fai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUrban complexes often feature a mix of commercial, entertainment and recreational space serving a wide range of services. Pedestrian intent classification is hence crucial to identify their different destinations and understanding their needs. Moreover, circadian effects generally influence pedestrian behaviour. This paper proposes a deep circadian‐informed probability refinement network for pedestrian intent classification (CIPRNet). It incorporates circadian information using a multiplexer network architecture to refine preliminary classification probabilities generated by a preliminary deep learning‐based trajectory classifier. A joint loss function is used to co‐optimize both the preliminary baseline trajectory classifier and the CIPRNet. Experimental results using real pedestrian trajectories captured from 3D range sensors at the Osaka Asia and Pacific Trade Centre (ATC) on a sunny day and cloudy day show that the CIPRNet can improve the state‐of‐the‐art prediction of pedestrian paths by long short term memory classifier and trajectory unified transformer by approximately 13% and 10%, respectively. The CIPRNet is also extended to trajectory prediction and it outperformed various state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in terms of average and final displacement error reduction. It may serve as an attractive alternative for pedestrian intent classification for urban complexes.
The compositional diversity of rocky exoplanets around K-dwarf stars
Authors: Hatalova P. , Brodholt J. P. , Brasser R. , Shan Y. , Werner S. C. 
Published: January 2025

Context. The mass-radius distribution of currently known exoplanets suggests a fascinating variety in terms of their chemical compositions. Still, the interior structures and compositions of rocky exoplanets are essentially inaccessible to observations. Here, we present a model that combines planet formation simulations with equilibrium condensation models to estimate the interior composition and structure of exoplanets around K-dwarf stars.
Aims. In a previous study, we reproduced the observed population of close-in super-Earths around K-dwarf stars with suitable initial conditions. However, the masses and radii of these simulated planets are not self-consistent, since the radius information is postprocessed based on an assumed constant average density (3 g cm−3). In this work, we have incorporated compositions into the N-body simulations using the chemistry of the protoplanetary disk from equilibrium condensation sequences, together with thermodynamics of the various mineral phases. This has allowed us to develop models of likely interior structures, bulk densities, and, thus, radii for rocky exoplanets.
Methods. We selected the outcomes of ten N-body simulations around a 0.8 M⊙ star that best reproduced the observed population. We employed stellar abundances from six K-dwarf stars with a range of metallicities. Based on the condensation sequence and the temperature-pressure profile of a disk, we assigned bulk elemental compositions to planetesimals and then tracked materials accreted onto planets during their formation.
Results. We have obtained a set of planets with more realistic radii determinations than those purely based on one preset density for all bodies. We formed various types of planets: i) Ca- and Al-rich(er), ii) Mg-depleted, iii) fully oxidized core-less planets, iv) planets similar to Earth or Mars in composition and core size, and v) planets with different core mass fractions (from significantly smaller than the Martian core to significantly larger than the Earth’s core); however, we do not have Mercury-like planet with a huge core.
Insights into the origins of Phobos and Deimos based on a spectral comparison with small bodies and Martian materials
Authors: Wargnier A. , Poggiali G. , Yumoto K. , Fornasier S. , Mahlke M. , Gautier T. , Doressoundiram A. 
Published: January 2025

Context. The origins of Phobos and Deimos are highly debated, and several distinct hypotheses have been put forth. The two most widely accepted theories are that (1) the two moons were created by a giant impact in analogy to the Earth-Moon system, whereby a debris disk was formed that then formed the two moons by accretion; and that (2) the moons were captured by the gravitational attraction of Mars.
Aims. To address questions about the origins of the Martian moons, we conducted a systematic search for analogs of Phobos and Deimos among asteroids, Martian terrains, and laboratory data using spectroscopy in the visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared wavelength ranges.
Methods. We analyzed our dataset using multivariate statistical analysis techniques, namely principal component analysis and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, on the spectral slope derived in various wavelength ranges, and on the albedo. Additionally, a visual comparison of the mid-infrared spectra, focusing on key features such as the Christiansen feature and the Reststrahlen bands, was performed.
Results. The comparison of the spectra of Phobos and Deimos with those of primitive asteroids reveals that the Martian moons exhibit spectroscopic similarities to D- and Z-type asteroids, as well as to Jupiter Trojans, centaurs, and potentially extinct comets. The blue unit on Phobos, generally considered as fresher areas that are mostly seen around the Stickney crater, appears to be spectrally best matched by P-type asteroids. No Martian terrain shows similarities with Phobos and Deimos. It is also notable that the Martian moons exhibit a spectroscopic resemblance to some of the Martian Trojans.
Conclusions. The analysis of available spectral data for asteroids, Mars trojans, and Martian terrains provided a unique opportunity to explore the origins of Phobos and Deimos prior to the arrival of the JAXA/Martian Moon eXploration (MMX) in the Martian system, which is scheduled for 2027. In light of the similarities between the Martian moons and Z-type asteroids, we put forward the hypothesis that Phobos and Deimos may have originated from one or two captured asteroids from the inner main belt, rather than from the outer main belt or the Jupiter trojans, as is often postulated. The formation of Phobos and Deimos may also have occurred simultaneously with that of the Mars trojans. This is a plausible scenario if the formation of the trojans was caused by the impact that created the Borealis basin, although additional processes such as space weathering may be necessary to explain the spectroscopic differences.
Gastrojejunostomy Catheter Placement and Management
Authors: Gullette Emily , Raja Junaid 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGastrojejunostomy catheters are a common means of long-term enteral access in patients unable to meet their nutritional requirements through oral intake. The choice of gastrojejunostomy versus gastrostomy tubes in these patients depends largely on aspiration risk, which is a relative contraindication of gastrostomy placement. Initially a surgical procedure, gastrojejunostomy placement is now frequently performed endoscopically or with radiologic guidance. Additionally, in patients with prior gastrostomy placement who need more distal enteral access, gastrostomy to gastrojejunostomy conversion can easily be performed by an endoscopist or interventional radiologist. This article reviews common techniques for percutaneous radiologic gastrojejunostomy placement, conversion, and exchange, as well as indications and contraindications. Complications will be discussed and compared across the different methods for gastrojejunostomy placement.