bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating prospective study registration and result reporting of trials conducted in Canada from 2009 to 2019
Authors: Alayche Mohsen , Cobey Kelly D. , Ng Jeremy Y. , Ardern Clare L. , Khan Karim M. , Chan An-Wen , Chow Ryan , Masalkhi Mouayad , Ayala Ana Patricia , Ebrahimzadeh Sanam , Ghossein Jason , Alayche Ibrahim , Willis Jessie V. , Moher David 
Published: November 2023

Adherence to study registration and reporting best practices is vital to fostering evidence-based medicine. All registered clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.gov conducted in Canada as of 2009 and completed by 2019 were identified. A cross-sectional analysis of those trials assessed prospective registration, subsequent result reporting in the registry, and subsequent publication of study findings. The lead sponsor, phase of study, clinical trial site location, total patient enrollment, number of arms, type of masking, type of allocation, year of completion, and patient demographics were examined as potential effect modifiers to these best practices. A total of 6720 trials were identified. From 2009 to 2019, 59% ( n = 3,967) of them were registered prospectively, and 32% ( n = 2138) had neither their results reported nor their findings published. Of the 3763 trials conducted exclusively in Canada, 3% ( n = 123) met all three criteria of prospective registration, reporting in the registry, and publishing findings. Overall, the odds of having adherence to all three practices concurrently in Canadian trials decrease by 95% when compared with international trials. Canadian clinical trials substantially lacked adherence to study registration and reporting best practices. Knowledge of this widespread non-compliance should motivate stakeholders in the Canadian clinical trial ecosystem to address and continue to monitor this problem.
Transações comerciais e a Alfândega do Rio de Janeiro na primeira metade do século XVII
Authors: Sá Helena de Cassia Trindade de 
Published: November 2023

A proposta deste trabalho é analisar as relações comerciais estabelecidas na América lusa no período da União Ibérica e o papel da Alfândega neste cenário. A maior mobilidade nas fronteiras no momentoem que Portugalviveu sob o signo da Espanha favoreceu o intercâmbio entre as cidades costeiras do Brasil e Buenos Aires pela via marítima, uma vez que essas áreas estavam voltadas para o Atlântico. Deu-se dessa forma início a um tráfego regular entre as capitanias brasileiras e a região do Rio da Prata. Assim, não apenas o porto de Salvador, mas também o do Rio de Janeiro passaram a ser entrepostos comerciais de onde partiam para aquela região embarcações com mercadorias que tinham como destino final o Potosí. É nesse sentido que as Alfândegas devem ser vistas como instituições essenciais para o funcionamento das engrenagens que visavam a arrecadação de impostos, a organização do comércio e o controle do contrabando, contribuindo para a montagem do aparato do sistema colonial que começava a ser implantado juntamente com a introdução do exclusivo comercial e o incremento do tráfico de escravos.
olhar amoroso sobre a condição humana
Authors: Steinbach Amanda Maíra 
Published: November 2023

Vianinha foi um dramaturgo versátil que atuou em várias frentes e viveu períodos distintos da história do Brasil. Sua obra pode ser pensada de diversas maneiras e pelas mais distintas áreas. Uma das características mais marcantes de sua dramaturgia, denominada de engajada, é a profunda compreensão da condição humana e de sua inevitável divisão num mundo desigual. Não são poucas as personagens, que corriqueiramente julgaríamos como vis, para as quais o autor lançou um olhar amoroso e compreensivo. Este texto abordará essa faceta de Vianinha na construção do personagem Jasão do Caso Especial veiculado em 1973 pela Rede Globo de Televisão, como livre adaptação da tragédia grega de Eurípedes, Medéia.
PESSI, Bruno Stelmach e SILVA, Graziela Souza e (Coordenação). Documentos da escravidão: processos crime: o escravo como vítima ou réu. Porto Alegre: Companhia RioGrandense de Artes Gráficas (CORAG), 2010.
Authors: Parcianello Katya dos Santos Schmitt 
Published: November 2023

PESSI, Bruno Stelmach e SILVA, Graziela Souza e (Coordenação). Documentos da escravidão: processos crime: o escravo como vítima ou réu. Porto Alegre: Companhia RioGrandense de Artes Gráficas (CORAG), 2010.
busca da sagrada face
Authors: Santos Magno Francisco de Jesus 
Published: November 2023

Em São Cristóvão, Sergipe, todos os anos é realizada na quaresma a procissão do Senhor dos Passos, em torno da imagem achada às margens de um rio. Os romeiros seguem em busca do contato com a imagem sacralizada e tenta alimentar o divino com suas práticas de sacrifícios. Este trabalho visa analisar as diferentes formas de percepção da celebração religiosa pelos devotos e discutir a tradição culinária associada ao evento. O alvo central dos romeiros é alimentar o sagrado por meio do pagamento de promessas na perspectiva de expurgar os tormentos cotidianos. No mesmo compasso, a celebração religiosa constituiu uma tradição culinária peculiar, com quitutes e peixadas. Trata-se de uma tentativa de compreender o passado a partir dos registros de ruídos que perpassaram o tempo.
Para além do espiritual
Authors: Coelho Fabiano 
Published: November 2023

O trabalho objetiva refletir sobre algumas questões que orientaram as atividades da Igreja junto aos trabalhadores rurais sem-terra, em fins dos anos de 1970 e início da década seguinte. Nessa época, devido à situação política, econômica e social que o Brasil estava vivendo, grupos organizados dentro da Igreja, sob a ótica da Teologia da Libertação, passaram a desenvolver inúmeros trabalhos com grupos marginalizados pela sociedade. No campo, as ações da Igreja, especialmente por meio das Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEBs) e Comissão Pastoral da Terra (CPT), tiveram um papel ímpar junto aos trabalhadores rurais sem-terra, auxiliando na organização de diversos movimentos sociais na luta pela terra. Nas atividades desenvolvidas pelos agentes religiosos, havia o imbricamento entre religião e política, em que os sujeitos sem-terra eram estimulados a serem atores de sua própria história, lutando por sua libertação e a caminho da “terra prometida”.
Contrastive Metapragmatics and the Shifting Semantics of “Sarcasm” in English and Danish
Authors: Goddard Cliff , Levisen Carsten 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Despite valuable studies into the uses/functions of sarcasm, no previous investigation
has focused on the semantics of “sarcasm” as an emic metapragmatic category. We provide a contrastive lexical study of English and Danish using the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach. We find that the English noun sarcasm has been undergoing semantic innovation and is now polysemous, as is its corresponding adjective. Roughly, older sarcasm1 expresses a positive message with an obvious negative intention, while newer sarcasm2 expresses a negative message with the aim of being amusing. For Danish, sarkasme is shown to closely align with sarcasm1, but semantic innovation has been happening in Danish too. A new expression sarkastisk humor overlaps with sarcasm2 but is tailored to fit into Danish humor discourses. The study sheds light on insider understandings and metapragmatic discourses in Anglo and Danish linguacultures. There are cautionary implications for the use of “sarcasm” as a second-order concept.
Against Embodiment: Subjectivity Viewed from a Materialist Perspective
Authors: Kolozova Katerina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Just as in philosophy, truth—pure, immaterial “meaning” or simply value—takes a life of its own, even when purported to be materialist. The equation, M-C-M, can be transposed in P (Phallus) and C (femininity as commodity) amounting to P-C-P, and the argument is made by resorting to Marx and Irigaray via Laruelle.
Incidence, temporal trends and risk factors of puerperal infection in Mainland China: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies from recent decade (2010–2020)
Authors: Li Peng , Li Yan , Zhang Youjian , Zhao Lina , Li Xiaohong , Bao Junzhe , Guo Jianing , Yan Jun , Zhou Ke , Sun Mingjie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Puerperal infection (PI) is a severe threat to maternal health. The incidence and risk of PI should be accurately quantified and conveyed for prior decision-making. This study aims to assess the quality of the published literature on the epidemiology of PI, and synthesize them to identify the temporal trends and risk factors of PI occurring in Mainland China.

Methods
This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021267399). Putting a time frame on 2010 to March 2022, we searched Cochrane library, Embase, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, Web of Science, China biology medicine, China national knowledge infrastructure and Chinese medical current contents, and performed a meta-analysis and meta-regression to pool the incidence of PI and the effects of risk factors on PI.

Results
A total of 49 eligible studies with 133,938 participants from 17 provinces were included. The pooled incidence of PI was 4.95% (95%CIs, 4.46–5.43), and there was a statistical association between the incidence of PI following caesarean section and the median year of data collection. Gestational hypertension (OR = 2.14), Gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.82), primipara (OR = 0.81), genital tract inflammation (OR = 2.51), anemia during pregnancy (OR = 2.28), caesarean section (OR = 2.03), episiotomy (OR = 2.64), premature rupture of membrane (OR = 2.54), prolonged labor (OR = 1.32), placenta remnant (OR = 2.59) and postpartum hemorrhage (OR = 2.43) have significant association with PI.

Conclusions
Maternal infection remains a crucial complication during puerperium in Mainland China, which showed a nationwide temporal rising following caesarean section in the past decade. The opportunity to prevent unnecessary PI exists in several simple but necessary measures and it’s urgent for clinicians and policymakers to focus joint efforts on promoting the bundle of evidence-based practices.
Deep learning approaches for differentiating thyroid nodules with calcification: a two-center study
Authors: Chen Chen , Liu Yuanzhen , Yao Jincao , Wang Kai , Zhang Maoliang , Shi Fang , Tian Yuan , Gao Lu , Ying Yajun , Pan Qianmeng , Wang Hui , Wu Jinxin , Qi Xiaoqing , Wang Yifan , Xu Dong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Calcification is a common phenomenon in both benign and malignant thyroid nodules. However, the clinical significance of calcification remains unclear. Therefore, we explored a more objective method for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid calcified nodules.

Methods
This retrospective study, conducted at two centers, involved a total of 631 thyroid nodules, all of which were pathologically confirmed. Ultrasound image sets were employed for analysis. The primary evaluation index was the area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (AUROC). We compared the diagnostic performance of deep learning (DL) methods with that of radiologists and determined whether DL could enhance the diagnostic capabilities of radiologists.

Results
The Xception classification model exhibited the highest performance, achieving an AUROC of up to 0.970, followed by the DenseNet169 model, which attained an AUROC of up to 0.959. Notably, both DL models outperformed radiologists (P < 0.05). The success of the Xception model can be attributed to its incorporation of deep separable convolution, which effectively reduces the model’s parameter count. This feature enables the model to capture features more effectively during the feature extraction process, resulting in superior performance, particularly when dealing with limited data.

Conclusions
This study conclusively demonstrated that DL outperformed radiologists in differentiating between benign and malignant calcified thyroid nodules. Additionally, the diagnostic capabilities of radiologists could be enhanced with the aid of DL.
Older adults’ awareness of modifiable risk and protective factors for dementia and interest in eHealth interventions for brain health: a comparison between the Netherlands and Germany
Authors: Zülke Andrea E. , Luppa Melanie , van Boxtel Martin , Deckers Kay , Heger Irene , Köhler Sebastian , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence on modifiable risk factors for dementia is accumulating rapidly, including e.g. smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. Comparing knowledge of risk factors for dementia and factors associated with knowledge and motivation to learn about dementia risk reduction in different countries may support the design of tailored public health campaigns. We investigated (1) differences in knowledge of risk and protective factors for dementia between the Netherlands and Germany, and interest in (2) information on brain health and (3) eHealth for brain health.

Materials and methods
Population-based telephone (Germany) or web-based surveys (Netherlands) were conducted among adults aged 60–75 (ntotal=614; Germany: n = 270; Netherlands: n = 344), assessing sociodemographic factors, knowledge of risk and protective factors for dementia, interest in information on brain health and respective eHealth-tools. Correlates of knowledge, interest in information on brain health and eHealth for brain health were analyzed using multivariable regression, by country and in pooled analyses.

Results
In the total sample (Mage: 67.3 (SD: 4.3) years; %female: 48.6), knowledge of risk and protective factors (sum score assessing number of correctly identified factors) was higher among German participants (M (SD) = 7.6 (2.5) vs. 6.0 (4.3), p < .001). This was confirmed using linear regression analyses, controlling for sociodemographic covariates (b = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.00; 2.01). High education was linked to better knowledge of risk and protective factors (b = 1.61; 95% CI: 0.89; 2.34). Controlling for covariates, interest in information on brain health (OR: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.02; 0.09) and eHealth for brain health (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.25; 0.65) was lower in German participants. Widowed participants were less interested in information on brain health, while widowed and single participants expressed less interest in eHealth for brain health in pooled analyses. Further associations between sociodemographic factors, interest in information on brain health and eHealth for brain health by country were detected.

Discussion
Engaging older adults in the design of eHealth interventions and cooperation with trusted sources, e.g., general practitioners, might enhance appreciation of eHealth for brain health. Education on risk and protective factors for dementia is warranted in both countries. However, differences in recruitment and assessment need to be acknowledged.
Experiences of the older spousal caregivers of patients with cancer during palliative chemotherapy: a qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Hirayama Kengo , Kuribara Tomoki , Oshikiri Miho 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Several studies have characterized the experiences of family members caring for patients undergoing chemotherapy; however, information about the experiences of older spousal caregivers with intensive caregiving burdens is unclear. Recently, more older patients have been diagnosed with cancer due to the aging population worldwide. Therefore, this study evaluated the patterns in the experiences of older spousal caregivers of patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy for advanced cancer.

Methods
Qualitative research using semi-structured interviews was used in this study involving 10 older spousal caregivers of patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy at a hospital providing advanced cancer care in Japan. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively and inductively using thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke.

Results
Four themes were identified from the narratives of the participants in this study. The first theme was “getting used to living with the disease,” indicating that the older spouses gradually became accustomed to living with the patient through continued caregiving. The second theme was “deepening view of life and death,” indicating that the older spouses’ views of life and death were deepened by being confronted with patients’ quality of life until death. The third theme was “anxious about the future,” indicating the fear regarding the patient’s progressive diseases and anxiety pertaining to continuing care for the patient while dealing with their health problems. The final theme was “desire for a better rest of life,” indicating that the couple felt their bond was strengthened through caregiving and wishes to live well for the rest of their lives.

Conclusions
The patterns in the experience of older spousal caregivers caring for patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy indicated an aspect of rebuilding their lives as they became accustomed to caregiving, while strengthening their marital bond. The caregiving process involved a mix of emotions, including anxiety about the spousal caregiver’s health problems worsening. However, the caregivers recognized the value of their remaining time. Therefore, they had deep concern for the patient’s comfort, concealing their feelings so that the patient would feel comfortable. This study can contribute to understanding the challenges faced and support needed by older spousal caregivers.
Longitudinal qualitative study of paired mentor-mentee perspectives on the abstract submission process
Authors: Mancuso Carol A. , Robbins Laura , Paget Stephen A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Submitting research abstracts to scientific societies is expected in academic medicine and requires dedicated time and effort. The authors queried mentors and mentees to ascertain what topics and proposed strategies should be included in a new curriculum to enhance the abstract submission process.

Methods
Between May 2019 and March 2020, the authors enrolled 14 senior-rank mentors from diverse disciplines at a tertiary musculoskeletal center and their 14-paired mentees (mostly residents and fellows) into a several-component qualitative study consisting of in-depth interviews several months before abstract submission addressing prior experiences, and longitudinal follow-up interviews 1 month before, 1 week before, and 1 week after submission to uncover challenges faced during the actual process and strategies that were effective in overcoming these challenges. Additional contacts occurred through November 2020 to ascertain outcomes of submissions. Mentors and mentees were unaware of each other’s responses. Responses were grouped into categories using grounded theory and a comparative analytic strategy.

Results
At enrollment participants recounted details from prior abstracts that included experiences with the submission process such as format, content, and online requirements, and experiences with interpersonal interactions such as managing coinvestigators’ competing priories and consulting with statisticians in a timely manner. Benefits of submitting abstracts included advancing mentees’ careers and increasing research methodology rigor. Challenges encountered during the submission process included meeting deadlines before all data were acquired, time away from other responsibilities, and uncertainty about handling changing conclusions as more data accrued. Delayed feedback from coinvestigators and broadening the scope or changing the focus of the abstract compounded the time crunch to meet the submission deadline. At the time of abstract submission mentor-mentee pairs agreed that major challenges were dealing with collaborators, incomplete data/limited results, and different work styles. The authors developed a proposal for a comprehensive curriculum to include organizational, technical and interpersonal topics.

Conclusions
This longitudinal qualitative study involving mentor-mentee pairs revealed multiple benefits and challenges associated with submitting research abstracts. These findings provide the foundation for a comprehensive curriculum to enhance this recurring labor-intensive undertaking and cornerstone of academic medicine.
“Meet the patient” session: a strategy to teach medical students about autonomic dysfunction after spinal cord injury
Authors: Cazzaniga Juliana , Solman Susan , Fortun Jenny 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDysregulation of the autonomic nervous system is an important long-term consequence of spinal cord injury (SCI). Yet, there is a scarcity of teaching resources about this topic for preclinical medical students. Given the association of SCI sequelae with emergency complications and mortality, it is imperative to equip medical students with the ability to recognize them. We designed a “Meet the Patient” (MTP) session with the primary goal to enhance student learning about SCI sequelae by interacting with patients and listening to real-life stories. The session primarily focused on recognizing triggers and symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and discussing the loss of bowel and bladder control, while providing opportunities to learn more about living with SCI from patients’ real-life experiences. During the MTP session, patients living with SCI discussed their experience with AD, neurogenic bowel and bladder, and spasticity, among other SCI sequelae. We evaluated the outcomes of the MTP session by assessing numerical performance in questions related to the session (post-session quiz and final exam) and students’ satisfaction (post-session survey) in two subsequent academic years. The numerical performance in SCI-questions was high for both academic years (and higher than national average for the final exam question), indicating adequate acquisition of knowledge. Satisfaction with the session was high, with most students indicating that the session helped them consolidate their knowledge about the topic.