bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening for coronary artery disease using primary evaluation with coronary CTA in aviation medicine (SUSPECT): study design
Authors: Frijters Erik , Grobben Remco B. , Velthuis Birgitta K. , Broekhuizen Lysette N. , Beekmann Roland T. A. , Rienks Rienk , Nathoe Hendrik M. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Sudden in-flight incapacitation of aircrew may cause an airplane crash. Important causes are major adverse cardiac events, such as myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac arrest. Aircrew of the Royal Netherlands Air Force (RNLAF) are required to undergo periodic cardiac screening, including bicycle exercise-testing. Unfortunately, this modality lacks diagnostic accuracy for relevant coronary artery disease (CAD) in low-risk populations similar to military aircrew. Cardiac CT, however, comprising Coronary Artery Calcium score (CACS) and coronary CT angiography (CCTA), is able to adequately detect (subclinical) CAD with high negative predictive values in low-risk populations and may provide opportunity for early interventions.
Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, cohort study of 250 military aircrew. Asymptomatic aircrew ≥40 years are asked to undergo a voluntary cardiac CT following routine aeromedical examination. Prevalence and severity of CAD will be described according to the CAD-RADS system, including coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and high risk plaque features. The primary endpoint is relevant CAD, defined as a composite of a coronary stenosis ≥50% and/or CACS >100 Agatston Units. The secondary endpoint is ‘aeromedically significant CAD’, defined by national military regulations as a left main stenosis of >30%, any luminal stenosis ≥50%, and/or an aggregate coronary stenosis of ≥120%.
Conclusions: The aim is to assess the value of cardiac CT for routine aeromedical screening in asymptomatic Dutch military aircrew aged ≥40 years, in comparison to the current cardiac screening protocol which includes an exercise ECG.
Trial Registration: Clinical trial registered on clinicaltrials.gov number NCT05508893.
Viral conjunctivitis; a rising threat for Karachites amid Monsoon
Authors: Aslam Uzma , Khan Maheera , Mehboob Sarah 
Published: October 2023

Viral conjunctivitis (VC), now renowned as red eye, is the most recent addition to the trend of frequent viral infections amid Karachi's rainy season. Conjunctivitis affects approximately 20-40% of the population worldwide. However, the endemic rise of VC in Karachi is alarming and of great concern.
Sovereign debt and post-war Ukrainian economic growth – system dynamics approach
Authors: Hryhoriev Hennadii 
Published: October 2023

The aim of the article is to examine the post-war national economy, notably overburdened with significant war expenditures and the effects of sovereign debt restructuring in a wartime period. The research uses system dynamics modelling methods, operates with S-shaped growth, overshoot and collapse dynamic patterns. The oscillation patterns of behaviour have been used to demonstrate the scenario options of possible external debt minimization.The dynamic hypothesis about non-linear behaviour of post-war debt trajectory has revealed the intrinsic growth rate in debt-dependent economy and the inflection point of no return to stable economic growth without radical decision of sovereign debt cancellation. The direct consequence of a negative solution for debt cancellation would be the unpredictable, even chaotic fluctuations of national economic growth rate. Baseline simulation to prove the results of research has been provided. The embedded “dependent-economy” type of macrostructure does not allow to overcome the critical debt overhang level and needs a new national model with appropriate policy to stabilize the economy. Performance of post-war debt repayment depends mostly on an innovative fund, which can be created by export abilities in the framework of post-war recovery plan. The results of the research may be applied by national authorities responsible for macroeconomic debt policy. The obtained results of the study allow us to draw a conclusion about the impossibility of developing the national economy within the framework of the existing economic structure of the developing country. The debt trap, which cannot be eliminated, does not allow to develop the national innovative economy and ensure economic growth and development.
JEL classification: E37, F34, F35, G28, H63
The Effect of Treatment on Weight Gain in Iron Deficiency Anemia and Its Association with Ghrelin and Hepcidin Levels
Authors: KILINÇ Halil Cansun , ÖNEÇ Birgül , ONEC Kursad , ANKARALI Handan 
Published: October 2023

Aim: Although loss of appetite in iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and weight gain during treatment are common complaints, there are very few studies in adults. This study aimed to determine the levels of ghrelin, one of the appetite-related hormones, and hepcidin, one of the main regulators of iron metabolism, in IDA, and to examine the effects of treatment on weight gain and the levels of these hormones.
Material and Methods: Eighty-seven adult patients with IDA and a control group of 50 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples were obtained from the patient and control groups before treatment, and repeated after treatment in the IDA group.
Results: No significant difference was found in terms of weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio between groups but there was a significant increase in weight and BMI, in the patient group after treatment (both p
La regulación como modalidad genérica de intervención pública. La regulación en la sociedad digital (Transformaciones en el derecho público y privado)
Authors: Quadra Salcedo Fernández del Castillo Tomás de la 
Published: October 2023

La creciente digitalización de la sociedad actual está dando lugar a problemas nuevos a los que el Derecho tiene que dar respuesta; las técnicas tradicionales silogísticas en las que basta con aplicar una norma clara y precisa a situaciones más o menos simples descritas en la norma no sirven. Ello lleva a aplicar técnicas de regulación utilizadas, hasta ahora, básicamente en el ámbito de la economía. Con las mismas se busca proteger los derechos de las personas en las nuevas situaciones en las que las tecnologías digitales hacen más difícil predeterminar en las normas las conductas permitidas o prohibidas. Se busca proteger también la democracia misma y el funcionamiento de un sistema económico en el que la libre y leal competencia es un elemento esencial.
Las primeras respuestas del Derecho de carácter regulatorio al inevitable proceso de digitalización de la sociedad actual las encontramos en el ámbito de la protección de datos; pero a ellas le están siguiendo las relativas a la inteligencia artificial o a los denominados neuro-derechos, entre otras. Esa extensión de técnicas regulatorias en ámbitos distintos del económico implica una transformación del Derecho. Para empezar del Derecho público al encomendar a autoridades administrativas independientes la vigilancia, supervisión y control en primera instancia del respeto a las reglas y principios en materias tales como la libertad de expresión y opinión, la información, la intimidad, etc, sin olvidar las últimas fronteras de una eventual transparencia de nuestros comportamientos y sentimientos a partir del acceso al sistema neuronal del cerebro. Pero ello afecta también al derecho privado y mercantil en la medida en que aspectos como la identidad, el nombre, la herencia, la publicidad o la comercialización de bienes y servicios queda afectada por la posesión monopólica de datos.
La interferencia de las nuevas autoridades administrativas independientes viene determinada especialmente por la apelación y remisión cada vez más intensa - desde las reglas y principios del Derecho – a ciencias, conocimientos o prácticas ajenas (aliunde) al Derecho, aunque metabolizadas por él. Esa ajenidad es lo que exige acudir a agencias administrativas no integradas solo por juristas, sino por expertos en otras ciencias o conocimientos, que acabarán abriendo el camino y condicionando las respuestas que jueces y magistrados finalmente darán en los procesos y conflictos entre partes que se sometan a su conocimiento.
Eliseo Sierra Noguero. La compensación económica de los pasajeros aéreos en caso de denegación de embarque, cancelación de vuelo y gran retraso a la llegada
Authors: Cugat Mauri Miriam 
Published: October 2023

Este artículo reseña:
Eliseo Sierra Noguero. La compensación económica de los pasajeros aéreos en caso de denegación de embarque, cancelación de vuelo y gran retraso a la llegada. Tirant lo Blanch, Valencia, 2023, 211 pp.
Air-permeable heat flow and temperature sensor
Authors: Bobkov Yuryi 
Published: October 2023

The paper considers ways of designing heat flow sensors and developed the design of an air-permeable heat flow and temperature sensor. The operating principle of the sensor is based on measuring the temperature difference using two temperature transducers placed at a fixed distance. The advantage of the proposed sensor is the possibility of simultaneous measurement of heat flow and temperature without the use of additional transducers, as well as air and moisture permeability, which is critical when measuring the parameters of biological objects. The sensor is designed taking into account the possibility of combining individual sensors into a single matrix of the required configuration.
A thermal model has been developed for the sensor, which can be used for engineering calculations of its parameters, research of metrological characteristics and analysis of ways to improve the accuracy of measurements.
The research fully confirmed the correctness of the developed thermal model and the operability of the proposed sensor design.
Audit Kasus Stunting Melalui Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat di Kecamatan Gladagsari Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Arrasyi Shahifa Suha , Septiana Dian , Suselo Yuliana Heri 
Published: October 2023

<p><strong>Pendahuluan: </strong>Provinsi Jawa Tengah berdasarkan data Survei Status Gizi Balita Indonesia (SSGBI) memiliki prevalensi stunting tahun 2022 yaitu 20,8% dan pada Kabupaten Boyolali 20%. Dalam mengatasi stunting, dilakukan audit stunting yang merupakan program identifikasi faktor risiko penyebab stunting. Audit kasus stunting dilakukan di Kecamatan Gladagsari yang merupakan salah satu kecamatan lokus stunting di Kabupaten Boyolali dengan prevalensi 8,7%.</p><p><strong>Metode: </strong>Audit kasus stunting dilakukan di Kecamatan Gladagsari, Kabupaten Boyolali pada 30 Mei 2023. Audit stunting diawali dengan membuat irisan balita stunted-wasting, kemudian dilakukan analisis untuk menentukan balita termasuk dalam kategori stunting atau pendek karena penyebab lain. Menurut KepMenkes 1928/2022 PNPK Stunting, balita tergolong (berisiko) stunting apabila usia berat ≤ usia tinggi ≤ usia kronologis dan didapatkan 5 balita yang tergolong (berisiko). Ibu dan balita berisiko akan diundang datang ke RSUD Pandan Arang untuk audit kasus stunting. Audit kasus stunting berupa pengukuran antropometri, wawancara ibu balita dan konsultasi kesehatan balita stunting.</p><p><strong>Hasil dan pembahasan: </strong>Faktor penyebab stunting di Kecamatan Gladagsari diantaranya yaitu pengasuhan bersama antara suami dan istri, keadaan sanitasi lingkungan (termasuk kepemilikan jamban sehat), faktor gangguan makan (intoleransi makanan), Selama 3 bulan terakhir sulit memenuhi kebutuhan makanan, frekuensi kunjungan ke posyandu, ASI eksklusif, MPASI, status imunisasi dasar, konsistensi minum vitamin A, ibu peserta KB, pemahaman manfaat KMS, pemahaman manfaat penimbangan berat badan dan pengukuran tinggi badan di posyandu, pemahaman stunting, pengetahuan tentang gizi seimbang, beragam dan aman.</p><p><strong>Kesimpulan: </strong>Melalui kegiatan audit kasus stunting yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Gladagsari diketahui beberapa faktor risiko yang menjadi faktor penyebab terjadinya stunting.</p><p> </p>
Comprehensive detection and dissection of interlineage recombination events in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Li Jia-Ying , Cheng Ye-Xiao , Ji Chengyang , Weng Shenghui , Han Na , Yang Rong , Zhou Hang-Yu , Aiping Wu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The global prevalence of the XBB lineage presents a formidable challenge posed by the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 virus. The understanding of SARS-CoV-2's recombination preference assumes utmost significance in predicting future recombinant variants and adequately preparing for subsequent pandemics. Thus, an urgent need arises to establish a comprehensive landscape concerning SARS-CoV-2 recombinants worldwide and elucidate their evolutionary mechanisms. However, the initial step, involving the detection of potential recombinants from a vast pool of over ten million sequences, presents a significant obstacle. In this study, we present CovRecomb, a lightweight methodology specifically designed to effectively identify and dissect interlineage SARS-CoV-2 recombinants. Leveraging CovRecomb, we successfully detected 135,567 putative recombinants across the entirety of 14.5 million accessed SARS-CoV-2 genomes. These putative recombinants could be classified into 1,451 distinct recombination events, of which 206 demonstrated transmission spanning multiple countries, continents, or globally. Hotspot regions were identified in six specific areas, with particular prominence observed in the latter halves of the N-terminal domain and receptor-binding domain within the spike (S) gene. Epidemiological investigations revealed extensive recombination events occurring among different SARS-CoV-2 (sub)lineages, independent of lineage prevalence frequencies.
Use of a Gas-Operated Ventilator as a Noninvasive Bridging Respiratory Therapy in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients in a Middle-Income Country
Authors: Arias-Sanchez Pedro Pablo , Wendel-Garcia Pedro David , Tirapé-Castro Hugo A , Cobos Johanna , Jaramillo-Aguilar Selena , Peñaloza-Tinoco Arianna , Jaramillo-Aguilar Damary , Martinez Alberto , Holguín-Carvajal Juan Pablo , Cabrera Enrique , Roche-Campo Ferran , Aguirre-Bermeo Hernán 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, the undersupply of respiratory support devices was particularly notable and especially evident in low- and middle-income countries. As a result, many hospitals turned to alternative respiratory therapies, including the use of a gas-operated ventilator (GOV). The aim of the study was to describe the use of a GOV as a noninvasive bridging respiratory therapy in critically ill COVID-19 patients and compare clinical outcomes with the conventional respiratory therapies.Method Retrospective cohort analysis of critically ill COVID-19 patients during the first local wave of the pandemic.Results The final analysis included 204 patients, they were classified into four groups according to the type of respiratory therapy received in the first 24 hours: conventional oxygen therapy (COT), n = 28 (14%); GOV, n = 72 (35%); noninvasive ventilation (NIV), n = 49 (24%); invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), n = 55 (27%). GOV served as noninvasive bridging respiratory therapy in 58% of patients. In the remaining 42% of patients, 28% presented favorable clinical improvement and were discharged and 14% died. In the COT group, 68% progressed to intubation vs. 39% in the GOV group (P ≤ 0.001). Clinical outcomes in the GOV and NIV groups were similar (no statistically significant differences).Conclusion GOV was successfully used as a noninvasive bridging respiratory therapy in more than half of the patients. All clinical outcomes in the GOV group were comparable to those observed in the NIV group. These findings support the use of GOV as an emergency, noninvasive bridging respiratory therapy. However, a large randomized clinical trial is needed to confirm these results.
P-doped g-C3N4 with triple calcinations for dramatic photocatalytic performance
Authors: Yang Yuhao , Xing Shushu , Ma Yongning , Zhang Yixia , Yan Jiahao , Ran Jie , Li Xiaolong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a fresh type of environmentally friendly photocatalytic material with the potential to degrade pollutants in water. In particular, g-C3N4 (CN) has significant characteristics in the treatment of antibiotics, which has attracted extensive attention from researchers. However, due to the less active sites and fast carrier recombination rate resulting from the block morphology, the CN has unsatisfactory photocatalytic performance up to now. Therefore, in this paper, a thinner and smaller CN nanosheets with more active sites and slower carrier recombination rate were successfully prepared by a combination of P element doping and triple calcination modifications. The modified 1.5% P-CN-3 not only has a 2.24-fold increase in the degradation ability of antibiotic Tetracycline (TC) compared to pure CN, but also has a hydrogen production rate of 2268.27 µmol·g− 1·h− 1 for water decomposition. This paper provides an effective approach for the modification of CN.
Clearing the Air: Assessing Air Quality Impact from a Proposed Medical Waste Incinerator using Gaussian Dispersion Modeling
Authors: Joyosemito Ibnu Susanto , Meilani Sophia Shanti , Azmi Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The increase of medical waste is a critical concern in regions grappling with limited infrastructure. Indonesia responds to this challenge by proposing a medical waste incinerator to enhance their waste management practices. However, it is the important to evaluate potential environmental repercussions, in particular air quality degradation. This study employs a Gaussian air dispersion modeling approach to analyze the dispersion patterns and magnitude of air pollutant concentrations emanating from the proposed medical waste incinerator. Our investigation is focused on a nearby existing residential area located 100 meters from the proposed incinerator stack installation to study the immediate impact. The study simulated two atmospheric stability scenarios: 'very unstable' (A) and 'unstable' (B) based on annual meteorological condition at site, highlighting the adherence of five key ambient air quality parameters—Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Total Suspended Particulate (TSP), and Lead (Pb)— against Indonesia's National Ambient Air Quality Standard (INAQS) within both atmospheric stability scenarios. Notably, the concentrations of Pb and NO2, while below INAQS limits, is approaching the threshold levels with peaks of 1.459 µg/m³ and 128.840 µg/m³. Although results comply with local regulation, significance of continoues vigilance in air quality management emerges.
Biosorption of Methyl Red, Thymol Blue and Their Dye Mixtures Using Modified Elephant Grass, Pennisetum Purpureum
Authors: Olaoye Ransome Opeyemi , Adelaja Oluwaseun Adekoya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The presence of dye effluents in surface water has emerged as a significant environmental and public health concern. Biosorption technology employs natural plant materials and agricultural waste to eliminate color constituents from aqueous solutions. In this context, the potential of Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) was investigated for its ability to remove methyl red and thymol blue dyes. The adsorbent underwent characterization through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Visible spectrophotometry, as well as Langmuir and Freundlich analyses. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to explore the impact of pH (ranging from 4 to 9), initial dye concentration (ranging from 10 to 50 mg/L), contact time (spanning 30 to 180 minutes), and adsorbent dosage (ranging from 0.05 to 0.3 g) on the removal of cadmium ions. The FT-IR findings of this study revealed that both untreated and potassium persulfate-treated P. purpureum predominantly contained functional groups such as carbonyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amine groups. These groups possess the ability to bind with positively charged cadmium ions. The optimal conditions for effective removal were observed at pH 4, an adsorbent dosage of 0.1 g, a contact time of 30 minutes, an initial concentration of 10 mg/L, and a temperature of 30°C. The results strongly support the notion that both biosorbents hold significant potential for the removal of methyl red and thymol blue dyes.Key Words: Methyl Red, Thymol Blue, Adsorbent, Biosorption, Biosorbent, Elephant Grass
Root secretory purple acid phosphatase is involved in the utilization of phosphorus from organic fertilizer in rice
Authors: Wang Bingshuang , Sun Yan , Dai Ziwei , Tang Yongjian , Wang Yang , Lou Yunsheng , Wang Chuang , Chen Yinglong , Xu Guohua , Ren Lixuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Organic fertilizer (OF) is beneficial for crop yield and quality, however, most phosphorus in OF are in organic forms, and cannot be utilized until they are hydrolyzed to inorganic phosphate (Pi). Although root-secreted acid phosphatases (APases) play an important role in hydrolyzing organic phosphorus (Po), it is unclear whether they improve the utilization efficiency of OF, and whether purple acid phosphatase (PAP) genes function in plants’ utilization of OF.
Methods
We report on a 10-year field study of OF application to rice, and the response of rice root-secreted APase activity to organic fertilization. Wild type (WT), OsPAP10c overexpressing, and OsPAP10c deficient rice were used to evaluate the role of this gene on the regulation of root-secreted APase activity in response OF and its subsequent utilization.
Results
Over 10 years of OF application, the APase activity of rice root secretions increased, over rice that had been fertilized with chemical fertilizer (CF). The APase activity in the rhizosphere soil of OF treated rice increased as well compared to CF treated rice. In PAP10c-OE rice, APase activity in the root secretions was greater than in WT rice, the activity in pap10c rice was less than in WT in OF treatment.
Conclusion
OF application enhances the APase activity of rice root secretions and improves the APase activity in the rhizosphere soil, which facilitates the hydrolysis of Po in OF. This hydrolysis generated sufficient available Pi for rice growth and production. OsPAP10c positively regulates root-secreted APase activity and Po utilization efficiency in rice in OF treated fields.
A new model of variable-length coupled pendulums – from hyperchaos to superintegrability
Authors: Szumiński Wojciech 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper we study dynamics and integrability of a variable-length coupled pendulums system. The complexity of the model is presented by joining various numerical methods, such as: Poincar\'e cross-sections, phase-parametric diagrams and Lyapunov exponents spectra. We show that the presented model is hyperchaotic, which ensures its nonintegrability. We gave an analytical prove of this fact analyzing properties the of differential Galois group of variational equations along certain particular solutions of the system. To analyze the differential Galois group, we use the Kovacic algorithm and its extension to dimension four. Amazingly enough, in the absence of the gravitational potential and for certain values of the parameters the system can posses chaotic, integrable as well as superintegrable dynamics. According to our best knowledge, it is the first attempt to use the method of Lyapunov exponents in the search for first integrals of the system in the systematic way. We show how to effectively apply the Lyapunov exponents as the indicator of integrable dynamics. The explicit forms of integrable and superintegrable systems are given.