bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Adding Whey and Spraying with Silicone on the Chemical of Chinese Cabbage Plant Brassica campestris var. Pekinensis
Authors: Aleyashe Hussam H. , Obaid Mohammed H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The experiment was conducted in the fields of horticulture and Garden Engineering at the College of Agriculture - University of Kerbala for the agricultural season 2022-2023 with the aim of knowing the effect of spraying with silicon in the form of potassium silicate (K2Sio3) and adding the by-product (whey) in improving the growth indicators of the Chinese Cabbage plant. The experiment included 16 treatments that included four concentrations of silicon (0.1.2.3) ml L-1 and four concentrations of whey by-product (0.8.16.24) L ha-1 and were in three batches between one batch and another 10 days. It was carried out as a factorial experiment with two factors according to the randomized block design and with three replications, and the least significant difference test (l.s.d) was used to compare the means at the probability level of 0.05. Silicon spraying treatment led to a significant increase in all yield traits, as the concentration of 3 ml L-1 was significantly superior in each of Nitrogen percentage, phosphorus percentage, potassium percentage and ascorbic acid. As for the treatment of whey addition, the concentration of 24 liters ha-1 was significantly higher in Nitrogen percentage, phosphorus percentage, potassium percentage and ascorbic acid. 2.547 ‘0.316‘ 1.403‘ 64.61 respectively. The bilateral interaction between the two experimental factors showed significant superiority in all the traits under experiment.
Developed of Taper Equation and Volume for Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dem. in the Nineveh Region
Authors: Ali Muhammad Mustafa Muhammad , Al-Yousif Ammar Jasim Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to estimate a taper equation for eucalyptus trees growing in Nineveh Governorate, it is used in forest inventory or management planning systems, giving information about the diameter at any point along the main stem of the tree. Data were collected from three naturally growing trees for diameter at breast height, total height, and diameter at different levels, starting from 0.5 m above ground level, with distances of half a meter along the main stem, using computer and regression methods. different. Linear and non-linear. In the preparation of the taper equation, as well as the use of statistical measures, namely, the coefficient of determination R2, the standard error attributed to the S.E rate, in the test of the best taper equation, and through the comparison between equations through statistical measures, we were able to obtain the following taper equation: d = 14.2299 * hi
-0.1873 And by taking the integration of the taper equation, we got an equation for estimating the size of eucalyptus trees, which is:V1 = 0.02542(hi)0.6254.
Effect of Foliar Spraying with Triacontanol and Iron Sulfate on the Growth and Flowering of Zinnia
Authors: Hadi Heba Abdullah Ismail , Saeed Abdul Kareem A.J. Mohammad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The experiment was carried out during the spring season 2022 in the nursery of the Diyala Agriculture Directorate, to study the effect of foliar spraying with Triacontanol and iron on the growth and flowering of the zinnia plant -1, and denoted by Tr0, Tr5, Tr10, and Tr15 respectively, the research was carried out as a factorial experiment (4 × 4) according to the Randomized Compelet Block Design (RCBD), the research steps began by planting seeds in cork dishes containing peat moss On 3/14/2022, one seed was planted in each eye. The results of the experiment were summarized as follows: The foliar spraying with Triacontanol led to a significant superiority in all studied traits, as the concentration exceeded 15 mg.L-1 by recording the best results for the characteristic of plant height (24.71 cm), number of leaves (29.80 leaves. plant-1), and number of branches (7.80 branch. Plant-1), flowering time (21.00 days), inflorescence diameter (99.13 mm), and foliar spraying with iron sulfate led to a signficant superiority in all studied traits, as the concentration exceeded 0.4 g.l-1 by recording the best results for the plant height trait (26.79 cm).), the number of leaves (26.30 leaves.plant-1), the number of branches (7.22 branches.plant-1), the flowering date (23.76 days), and the diameter of the inflorescence (80.01 mm), while the interaction between the foliar spraying with Triacontanol and iron sulfate 1ed to superiority Signficant in all studied traits, as concentration treatment 15 mg.L-1 and 0.4 g.L-1 excelled by recording the best results for the characteristic of plant height (30.35 cm), number of leaves (30.90 leaves. plant-1), and number of branches (8.00 branches). Plant-1), flowering time (18.00 days), and inflorescence diameter (110.00 mm).
Effect of Feeding Frequency and Adding Moringa Seeds on the Productive Performance and some Carcass Traits of Awassi Lambs
Authors: Al-Maamari Israa S. H. , Al-Juwari Muthanna F. A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The study included 24 Awassi lambs aged of (3-4) months, distributed randomly into four treatments homogeneous by weight, each treatment includes 6 lambs. The first treatment was fed twice a day without supplementation, second treatment was fed twice a day with addition 5 g of Moringa seeds/head/day, third treatment they were fed three times a day without supplementation, and the fourth treatment was fed three times a day with addition 5 gm of Moringa seeds/head/day. The results of the study showed a significant (p≤0.05) superiority in body weight at the second week in favor of the lambs that were fed twice daily, while the lambs that were fed three times had a significant (p≤0.05) superiority in final weight and total weight gain, and the fourth treatment was significantly superior (p≤0.05) in final weight and total weight gain compared to the second and third treatments. Lambs fed twice daily outperformed highly significant (p≤0.01) in the carcass width at the shoulders. Also, the lambs that were fed twice daily without addition were significantly (p≤0.01) superior in this trait to their counterparts that were fed three times. There was a significant (p≤0.05) superiority in the weight of fat-tail for the treatment with Moringa added compared to the treatment without it. Significant differences (p≤0.05) were observed in the dressing percentage in favor of lambs in the third and fourth treatments. The treatment to which Moringa was added was significantly (p≤0.01) superior in albumin concentration in the blood over the treatment without addition, and the albumin concentration was significantly (p≤0.05) higher in the second treatment compared to the rest of the other treatments. A highly significant (p≤0.01) was observed in the concentration of triglycerides in the blood of lambs fed three times daily.
Different Diets of Maca Roots (Lepidium meyenii) Affect Several Physiological Blood Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Under Oxidative Stress
Authors: Merzah Layth Hamzah , Ali Nihad Abdul-Lateef 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Department of Animal Production/College of Agriculture/Al-Qasim Green University poultry field hosted this experiment from 10/1/2021 to 11/4/2021. The research examined the effects of dietary maca roots (Lepidium meyenii) on broilers’ physiological blood parameters under oxidative stress. The experiment employed 225 unsexed (Ross 308) grill chicks. It was randomised at random to 15 (k) different experimental treatments for 45 birds, with each treatment having three repetitions of 15 birds. The first trial consisted of a control diet and water that did not include any H2O2. The second treatment consisted of the normal diet along with water containing 0.5% hydrogen peroxide. The third and fourth treatments included 1 and 1.5 g of maca roots per kilogramme of the basic ration, respectively. Fifth treatment: 2 g maca root/kg main diet plus 0.5% H2O2 water. Summarize the key experiment findings.White blood cells were greatest in the second treatment (P < 0.05). The second treatment had the most heterophilic cells compared to the first, third, fourth, and fifth treatments. about lymphocytes. The first, third, fourth, and fifth treatments outperform the second (P < 0.05). The first, third, fourth, and fifth treatments had the best H/L ratio, with the second treatment being significantly different (P < 0.05). The fourth and fifth doses showed a substantial improvement (P < 0.05) in immunological protein IgG and IgA. When compared to the first, second, and third treatments, the volumetric standard of blood serum antibodies directed against Newcastle disease parenchyma is significantly greater (P 0.05) for the fourth and fifth treatments. The effectiveness of the fourth and fifth glutathione treatments was significantly higher than that of the others (P 0.05).
The Effect of Using Different Levels of Cyperus Rotundus Tubers in the Diet on the Productive Performance Characteristics of Broilers
Authors: Ali Hala A. M. , Zangana Bushra S. R. , Abdullah Ikram H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The experiment was conducted at the Poultry Research Station of the General Authority for Agricultural Research / Ministry of Agriculture from 12/5/2022 to 23/6/2022, the aim of studying the effect of adding different levels of Cyperus rotundus tuber powder to the diet on the productive performance of broiler chickens, using 225 chicks (Ross 308), one day old, with an average starting weight of 42.26 gm/chicks, distributed randomly to five treatments each treatment included 3 replications (15chicks/replicate), and the experimental treatments included the following: the first treatment (T1), the control treatment, was fed on the standard diet (without any addition), T2, T3, T4 and T5 was the addition of Cyperus rotundus tubers powder at a rate of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4%, respectively. The results showed a significant improvement (P<0.05) in the average live body weight, weekly weight gain, and feed conversion efficiency at ages 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 weeks in favor of the bird treatments fed on tuberculosis powder compared to the control treatment. It can be conclude from this study that the addition of tubers powder to broilers diets led to an improvement of productive performance of broilers.
Chromogenic Agar Assisted Screening of Pathogenic Bacteria from Butcher shops Wastewater Effluent and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiling
Authors: Albanna Ayman , Sedeeq Dalal S. , Al-Mahmood Omar A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The research utilized sophisticated technique called chromogenic agar and the Vitek 2 system to examine the bacterial content of fourteen samples of butcher’s shops effluent water, revealing thirty different bacterial species with varying levels of antibiotic resistance, including Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae,. The Vitek 2 system verified the initial identification of bacteria with 100% accuracy, providing additional evidence for the reliability of the chromogenic agar method. The Gram staining results revealed the presence of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. These findings emphasize the importance of proper sanitation and hygiene practices to minimize the potential health risks associated with bacterial contamination in effluent water from butcher’s shops.
Predicting the Weight of Holstein-Friesian Males at Different Ages by some Body Measurements
Authors: Al-Khauzai Allawi Luaibi Dagher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted in one of the private fields for breeding Holstein-Friesian calves in the village of Al-Hamad in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, where 107 males were used, including 21 at the age of 1 year, 51 at the age of 2 years, and 35 at the age of 3 years. The animals were weighed with an electronic scale, and body measurements (height body, chest girth and hip girth in centimeters) and the study aims to find the best single or double size to estimate the body weight of Holstein Friesian males, and the results of the current study can be summarized as follows: It was found that age had a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on body weight and its measurements, as it increased with age, as the weights of Holstein Friesian males, aged 1, 2, and 3 years, for all ages reached 271.714, 359.627, 522.914, and 395.785 kg, respectively. Age also had a significant (p<0.01) effect on measurements of body length, chest and hip girths, and the correlation coefficients ranged between body measurements for males and for the sum of ages between 0.887 to 0.988. In this study, it was found that the best measure for estimating body weight is chest and hip girth, as the correlation coefficients between body weight and chest girth ranged between 0.845 to 0.965, and between weight and chest girth from 0.831 to 0.970. And that the best equation for estimating the body weight of bulls at the age of one year is the chest girth as a single measurement if the regression equation Y=-76.791+1.280GC. The coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.930, with a standard error of the estimate 5.59. As for the best equation for estimating the weight of bulls at the age of 2 years, it is based on the girth of the chest, as the determination reached R2 = 0.715, and the regression equation Y=-348.104+4.206CG. With a standard error of the estimate 25.625. And the girth of the hip, as the coefficient of determination was 0.753 = R2 and the regression equation y = - 431.986 + 4.647 CG. And with a standard error of the estimate 23.838. The best equation for estimating the weight of bulls at the age of 3 years is to rely on chest girth as a single measure and the regression equation. Y=-451.388+5.05 CG, And the determination equation is R2 = 0.877, with a standard error of the estimate 20.518. As for the regression equation to estimate the body weight of bulls and for all ages, the equation of dependence on the girth of the chest can be used Y=-610.582+5.813 CG. Where it was R2= 0.931 with a standard error of estimation was 27.936 or depending on the girth of the hip Y = -632.404 + 5.884 CG, where R2 = 0.941 HG and with a standard error of estimation was 25.725.
Response of Yield Traits and its Components to Sesame Genotypes for Different Plant Distributions
Authors: Khattab Nisreen Jamal , Al-Bayati Hussein Ali Hindi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at the research station of the Department of Field Crops at the College of Agriculture at the University of Tikrit in Salah al-Din Govemorate under gypsum soil conditions during the summer agricultural season (2022 AD), to evaluate the performance of six sesame genotypes, namely (Al-Mahalli, Wada’, Had, Sumer, Rafidain and Baytim) and three distributions. Plants, which are (60 x 10, 40 x 15, and 30 x 20) cm2, and Interaction between two factors of the study in traits, yield, its components, and the percentage of oil. The cultivar Wadaa gave the highest arithmetic mean for traits of the number of capsules per plant (86,111) capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule (67,811) seeds per capsule, and the total seed yield (3,402) tons. hectares and percentage of oil (46.500)%. The cultivar was superior in seeds thousand weight average of (3.496) g. Third plant distribution recorded highest arithmetic averages for traits of number of capsules per plant (86.655) capsules. Plant-1 and number of seeds per capsule (67.561). seed. Capsule-1, seeds thousand weight (3.426) gm and the total seed yield is (2.678) tons. hectares and the first plant distribution gave highest arithmetic average for trait of percentage of oil amounted to (46.600)%, and the intreaction treatment (Wadaa variety and third plant distribution) achieved highest arithmetic averages for the number of capsules in plant (81.111) capsules. Plant-1, seeds thousand weight was (3.381) gm and the total seed yield was (3.761) tons. hectares and the combinatorial treatment (variety Wadaa and first plant distribution) recorded highest arithmetic mean for trait of oil percentage amounted to (50.00)%.
Diagnosis of Olive Leaf Flay Daisenura oleae by PCR Technique in Nineveh Governorate
Authors: Alobidy Alaa Y. Dhannoon , Alebady Emad Q. Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Through the PCR diagnostic technique, it found the Daisenura oleae, from the Cecidomyiidae family and the order Diptera. Olive leaf flay were characterized by their activity and continued presence during the activity season. The results of the electrophoresis of flys DNA, which was extracted from olive leaf adults. Obtained pure DNA, and the purity of the parasite DNA was confirmed by a successful operation. Electrophoresis using Agarose gel and showing the nucleic acid bundles clearly. The sequence of the nitrogenous bases of the samples (Cyanobacteria) that were under investigation was determined, as products were sent for PCR representation, and the sequence reading of the genes was completed by depending on the 3130 genetic analyzer that was equipped from the Japanese company Hitachi. BLAST software was used to compare the gene sequences that were sequenced with the gene sequences that were documented in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The findings of this comparison were then analysed. The products of the amplified packages resulting from the PCR reaction were sent outside Iraq to study the sequence and sequence of the nitrogenous bases and compare them with the original cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene stored in the Global Genome Bank with specific sites of the gene to be studied, and it was found that there are sites of variation or variation in the nucleotide sequence compared to with the original gene at the NCBI website, and the isolate match was 100%. The isolate was recorded in the Gen Bank with accession number LC757225.1, and the genetic tree was drawn to find out the relationship between the Iraqi insect isolate and the rest of the insect isolates, and the closest was the American isolate.
Response of Sorghum Seeds to Soaking with Antioxidants (Glutathione) and Grown at Three Temperatures in Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Al-Issawi Abdul Karim Mahmoud , Al-Fahad Ahmed Chyad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The study aims to evaluate the pre-soaking of white corn seeds with different concentrations of glutathione under heat stress on some seed viability characteristics. The experiment was carried out in the laboratory of the Seed Examination and Certification Department. The Ministry of Agriculture, by soaking the seeds with four concentrations of glutathione (0, 50, 100, 150 mg L-1) for 12 hours and cultivating them under three temperatures (15, 25,35 °C) with the aim of knowing its effect on improving seed viability and germination strength. The experimental was carried out according to a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. The results showed that the concentration of 150 mg L-1 was superior in germination speed, feather length, and peroxidase enzyme activity, as it gave these averages (79.32%, 9.57 cm, and 93.22 absorption units ml-1) respectively, the soaking treatment with a concentration of 100 mg L-1 excelled in the root length characteristic, and there was no significant difference between the concentrations in the dry weight of the seedling. The root, plumage and dry weight of the seedling gave values (81.50%, 14.62 cm and 13.30 cm 0.022 mg seedlin) respectively. The highest average temperature recorded in the activity of the biooxidase enzyme was (88.98 absorption units ml-1)
Fig Mosaic Disease (FMD) and Extracts by Water (Aqueous Extracts)
Authors: Zagier Shrooq 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is a lot of research on the topic of control on Fig mosaic disease (FMD), aim was to reduce damage it causes to fig trees or seedlings. in this study was controlled on fig infected seedlings by aqueous extracts and the results of the treatments in the open field for the cultivation of fig seedlings achieved significant differences in the severity of infection and growth parameters. It gave overlap treatment to ginger roots and mint leaves extract severity injury lowest by virus and highest content of chlorophyll, leaf area, number of leaves and height to infected seedlings reached 22.34%,73.37 mg / 100 gm1- moist weight, 22.48 cm,22.57 leaf/plant,36.73 cm respectively compared with control treatments that achieved 91.18%,47.30 mg / 100 gm1- moist weight, 3.61 cm,8.33 leaf/plant,17.57 cm respectively.
Effect of Salicylic Acid Spraying on Physiological and Enzymatic Characteristics of three Broad bean Cultivars under Saline Soil Conditions
Authors: Atab Huda A. , Aboohanah Mansoor Abed , Al-Ubori Rafid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the winter season (2022-2023) in the field of the Department of Crops / Faculty of Agriculture - Al-Qasim Green University, to find out the effect of spraying salicylic acid on the physiological and enzymatic characteristics of three Cultivars of beans under saline soil conditions using the design of complete random sectors in the order of splinter panels, as the main panels included Cultivars (Spanish, Turkish, Dutch), while the secondary panels included foliar spraying of salicylic acid (without spraying, spraying at a concentration of 100 mg L -1, spraying at a concentration of 200 mg L -1).The results of the analysis of variance indicate a significant difference at the level of probability of 5% for all the studied traits, as the Spanish Cultivar outperformed in the total chlorophyll content 23. (mg100 g soft weight) and proline 1.284(mcg g-1 dry matter), while Dutch Cultivar outperformed in the enzyme POD 20.44 (units of absorption g-1 soft weight). Also, foliar spraying of salicylic acid achieved a positive effect at a concentration of 200 mg/L in the leaf content of total chlorophyll pigments 24.239 (mg100 g soft weight)and enzyme CAT 10.94 (units of absorption g-1 soft weight)and enzyme POD 22.251 (units of absorption g-1 soft weight) and seed yield 2.40 tons ha-1 and harvest indx 49.23%.