bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CREG1 deficiency impaired myoblast differentiation and skeletal muscle regeneration
Authors: Song Haixu , Tian Xiaoxiang , He Lianqi , Liu Dan , Li Jiayin , Mei Zhu , Zhou Ting , Liu Chunying , He Jiaqi , Jia Xiaodong , Yang Zheming , Yan Chenghui , Han Yaling 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCREG1 (cellular repressor of E1A‐stimulated genes 1) is a protein involved in cellular differentiation and homeostasis regulation. However, its role in skeletal muscle satellite cells differentiation and muscle regeneration is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of CREG1 in myogenesis and muscle regeneration.MethodsRNA sequencing data (GSE8479) was analysed from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi). We generated Creg1 knockdown and skeletal muscle satellite cells specific Creg1 overexpression mice mediated by adeno‐associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9), skeletal muscle mature myofibre Creg1 knockout mice (myoblast/Creg1MKO), and control mice Creg1flox/flox (Creg1fl/fl) as in vivo models. The mice were injected into tibialis anterior (TA) muscle with 100 μL of 10 μM cardiotoxin to establish a muscle regeneration model. Creg1fl/fl and Creg1MKO mice were treated with AAV‐sh‐C‐Cbl (2 × 1010 genomic copies/mouse) to silence C‐Cbl in the TA muscle. 293T and C2C12 cells were transfected with plasmids using lipofectamine RNAi MAX in vitro. Mass spectrometry analyses and RNA sequencing transcriptomic assay were performed.ResultsWe analysed the transcriptional profiles of the skeletal muscle biopsies from healthy older (N = 25) and younger (N = 26) adult men and women in GSE8479 database, and the results showed that Creg1 was associated with human sarcopenia. We found that Creg1 knockdown mice regenerated less newly formed fibres in response to cardiotoxin injection (~30% reduction, P < 0.01); however, muscle satellite cells specific Creg1 overexpression mice regenerated more newly formed fibres (~20% increase, P < 0.05). AMPKa1 is known as a key mediator in the muscle regeneration process. Our results revealed that CREG1 deficiency inhibited AMPKa1 signalling through C‐CBL E3‐ubiquitin ligase‐mediated AMPKa1 degradation (P < 0.01). C‐CBL‐mediated AMPKa1 ubiquitination was attributed to the K48‐linked polyubiquitination of AMPKa1 at K396 and that the modification played an important role in the regulation of AMPKa1 protein stability. We also found that Creg1MKO mice regenerated less newly formed fibres compared with Creg1fl/fl mice (~30% reduction, P < 0.01). RNA‐seq analysis showed that CREG1 deletion in impaired muscles led to the upregulation of inflammation and DKK3 expression. The TA muscles of Creg1MKO mice were injected with AAV‐vector or AAV‐shC‐Cbl, silencing C‐CBL (P < 0.01) in the skeletal muscles of Creg1MKO mice significantly improved muscle regeneration induced by CTX injury (P < 0.01).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that CREG1 may be a potential therapeutic target for skeletal muscle regeneration.
Dynamics of N6‐methyladenosine modification during aging and their potential roles in the degeneration of intervertebral disc
Authors: Liu Libangxi , Sun Hong , Zhang Yang , Liu Chang , Zhuang Yong , Liu Miao , Ai Xuezheng , Long Dan , Huang Bo , Li Changqing , Zhou Yue , Dong Shiwu , Feng Chencheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) dynamics in the progression of intervertebral disc (IVD) aging remain largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the distribution and pattern of m6A modification in nucleus pulpous (NP) tissues of rats at different ages.MethodsHistological staining and MRI were performed to evaluate the degeneration of IVD. The expression of m6A modifiers was analyzed using qRT‐PCR and western blot. Subsequently, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation next generation sequencing and RNA‐seq were conducted to identify differences in m6A methylome and transcriptome of NP tissues.ResultsCompared to 2‐month‐old rats, we found significant changes in the global m6A level and the expression of Mettl3 and FTO in NP tissues from 20‐month‐old rats. During the progression of NP aging, there were 1126 persistently differentially m6A peaks within 931 genes, and 51 persistently differentially expressed genes. GO and KEGG analyses showed that these m6A peaks and m6A modified genes were mainly engaged in the biological processes and pathways of intervertebral disc degermation (IDD), such as extracellular matrix metabolism, angiogenesis, inflammatory response, mTOR and AMPK signaling pathways. Meanwhile, conjoint analyses and Venn diagram revealed a total of 405 aging related genes contained significant methylation and expression levels in 20‐month‐old rats in contrast to 2‐month‐old and 10‐month‐old rats. Moreover, it was found that four aging related genes with hypermethylated modification including BUB1, CA12, Adamts1, and Adamts4 depicted differentially expressed at protein level, of which BUB1 and CA12 were decreased, while Adamts1 and Adamts4 were increased during the progression of NP aging.ConclusionCollectively, this study elucidated the distribution and pattern of m6A modification during the aging of IVD. Furthermore, the m6A modified genes were involved in the IDD related biological processes and pathways. These findings may provide novel insights into the mechanisms and therapies of IDD from the perspective of aging.
Using digestive physiology to develop larval culture protocols for the Blackbanded Sunfish, a threatened centrarchid native to the United States
Authors: Murray Casey A. , Lipscomb Taylor N. , Wood Amy L. , Tuckett Quenton M. , Patterson Josh T. , Watson Craig A. , DiMaggio Matthew A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
The Blackbanded Sunfish Enneacanthus chaetodon is a small centrarchid that is endemic to slow-moving waters from New Jersey to central Florida, United States. The distribution of this species has been increasingly fragmented, primarily due to habitat degradation. The development of larval culture protocols is essential to produce this species for the aquarium trade and for potential restoration efforts. To streamline the production process, larvae should be transitioned from live feeds to inert diets as early as possible without sacrificing larval growth or survival.

Methods
A developmental trial was conducted to determine the timing of digestive tract maturation, which indicates the ability of larvae to better digest inert microdiets (MDs). Blackbanded Sunfish larvae were sampled 12 times from 2 days posthatch (dph; notochord length [mean ± SD] = 4.38 ± 0.22 mm) to 50 dph (total length [TL] = 9.89 ± 1.64 mm) for subsequent analysis of digestive enzyme activity (via microplate assays) and digestive system morphology (via histology). A dietetics trial was conducted to determine the most appropriate commercial MD for this species at early life stages by testing the efficacy of three different MDs against a reference diet of brine shrimp Artemia nauplii. Lastly, a weaning trial was conducted to determine the earliest time point at which MDs should be introduced during the larval period.

Result
Blackbanded Sunfish larvae transitioned from agastric to gastric digestion at approximately 40 dph (7.95 ± 0.86 mm TL), as determined by the presence of gastric glands and pepsin activity. In the dietetics trial, certain MDs yielded higher survival than others; however, all diets performed equally when considering the TL of the larvae. In the weaning trial, the highest survival was found when larvae were fed Artemia nauplii exclusively or when an MD was introduced at 48 dph (10.62 ± 1.88 mm TL).

Conclusion
Larval Blackbanded Sunfish may require up to 48 days of live feeds before introducing MDs but can be successfully transitioned to MDs after 48 dph without significantly affecting survival or growth.
The geolocation of features on information surfaces and the use of the open and FAIR data principles in the mountain landscape domain and geoheritage
Authors: Whalley W. Brian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis note suggests that decimal latitude/longitude [dLL] locations should be used to identify features of interest, landforms, sample and investigations sites, in an ‘information landscape’ provided by the geomorphological literature. All the information associated with a labelled, or tagged, geolocation should be available for examination as part of information landscapes that can be explored and represented in books, papers and other publications. This note also outlines the ‘open’ and FAIR data that are findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable and how the principles can be used to better explain landscapes, especially in the mountain landscape domain. Tors and rock glaciers illustrate [dLL] geolocation to identify sites and inform fieldwork and literature searching. Any [dLL]‐specified location is an identifying label, as are names given to landforms and toponyms. Two letters (digraph) are used as landform labels: TO for tors and RG for rock glaciers. Citations, (author–date–title–source) attributions, are also labels. The note shows how these attributions can be linked to [dLL] geolocations specifying locations in time and space and in the literature. The addition of [dLL] will facilitate future literature searches and modelling to explore ‘unknowns’ in the landscape, and this paper suggests ways in which this can be achieved, including geoheritage and geotourism.
Effects of purified anthocyanins supplementation on serum concentration of inflammatory mediators: A systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis on randomized clinical trials
Authors: Hariri Mitra , Amirkalali Bahareh , Gholami Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAnthocyanins, due to their antioxidant effects, are candidates to reduce inflammation and the risk of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, through conducting a systematic review and meta‐analysis, we tried to find the effect of purified anthocyanins on serum levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). Databases including, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, and Cochrane Library were searched up to June 2023. The meta‐analysis was done by calculating mean differences and their standard deviations. Calculating the statistical heterogeneity of intervention effects was performed through I‐squared statistics and Cochran's Q test. The pooled estimate showed a significant decrease in serum levels of CRP, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 (weighted mean difference (WMD) = −0.12 mg/L, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.21 to −0.02, p = 0.013; WMD = −1.37 pg/mL, 95% CI = −1.79 to −0.96; p < 0.001; WMD = −1.43 pg/mL, 95% CI = −1.87 to −1.00; p < 0.001, respectively). Subgroup analysis results revealed purified anthocyanins significantly decreased serum levels of CRP among participants with serum levels of CRP≥1.52 mg/L, at‐risk/unhealthy status, and in trials with intervention duration ≥84 days, anthocyanins dose ≥320 mg/day, and sample size ≥85 subjects. Regarding TNF‐α and IL‐6, out results showed that there was a significant effect of purified anthocyanins on serum levels of TNF‐α and IL‐6 in most subgroups. The results of our study indicated that purified anthocyanins significantly decreased serum levels of CRP, TNF‐α, and IL‐6. However, further high‐quality studies are needed to firmly establish the efficacy of purified anthocyanins.
Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology in India
Authors: Pan Dipanjan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNanomedicine, an interdisciplinary field combining nanotechnology and medicine, has gained immense attention in recent years due to its potential in revolutionizing healthcare. India, being an emerging hub for scientific research and development, has made significant strides in nanomedicine research. This special issue is dedicated to the exciting research that are being conducted by the leading Indian scientists in various Indian institutions.This article is categorized under:
Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid‐Based Structures
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Black hole excited states from broken translations in Euclidean time
Authors: Pantelidou Christiana , Withers Benjamin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We prepare an excited finite temperature state in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM by means of a Euclidean path integral with a relevant deformation. The deformation explicitly breaks imaginary-time translations along the thermal circle whilst preserving its periodicity. We then study how the state relaxes to thermal equilibrium in real time. Computations are performed using real-time AdS/CFT, by constructing novel mixed-signature black holes in numerical relativity corresponding to Schwinger-Keldysh boundary conditions. These correspond to deformed cigar geometries in the Euclidean, glued to a pair of dynamical spacetimes in the Lorentzian.The maximal extension of the Lorentzian black hole exhibits a ‘causal shadow’, a bulk region which is spacelike separated from both boundaries. We show that causal shadows are generic in path-integral prepared states where imaginary-time translations along the thermal circle are broken.
Flux vacua of the mirror octic
Authors: Plauschinn Erik , Schlechter Lorenz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We determine all flux vacua with flux numbers Nflux ≤ 10 for a type IIB orientifold-compactification on the mirror-octic three-fold. To achieve this, we develop and apply techniques for performing a complete scan of flux vacua for the whole moduli space — we do not randomly sample fluxes nor do we consider only boundary regions of the moduli space. We compare our findings to results in the literature.
Effective field theories as Lagrange spaces
Authors: Craig Nathaniel , Lee Yu-Tse , Lu Xiaochuan , Sutherland Dave 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a formulation of scalar effective field theories in terms of the geometry of Lagrange spaces. The horizontal geometry of the Lagrange space generalizes the Riemannian geometry on the scalar field manifold, inducing a broad class of affine connections that can be used to covariantly express and simplify tree-level scattering amplitudes. Meanwhile, the vertical geometry of the Lagrange space characterizes the physical validity of the effective field theory, as a torsion component comprises strictly higher-point Wilson coefficients. Imposing analyticity, unitarity, and symmetry on the theory then constrains the signs and sizes of derivatives of the torsion component, implying that physical theories correspond to a special class of vertical geometry.
Divergence Property of the Brown-Thompson Groups and Braided Thompson Groups
Authors: Sheng Xiaobing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Golan and Sapir proved that Thompson’s groups F, T and V have linear divergence. In the current paper, we focus on the divergence property of several generalisations of the Thompson groups. We first consider the Brown-Thompson groups

$$F_n$$

F
n

,

$$T_n$$

T
n

and

$$V_n$$

V
n

(also called Brown-Higman-Thompson group in some other context) and find that these groups also have linear divergence functions. We then focus on the braided Thompson groups BF,

$$\widehat{BF}$$

BF

^

and

$$\widehat{BV}$$

BV

^

and prove that these groups have linear divergence. The case of BV has also been done independently by Kodama.
The accuracy and intra- and interobserver variability of PSMA PET/CT for the local staging of primary prostate cancer
Authors: Donswijk Maarten L. , Ettema Rosemarijn H. , Meijer Dennie , Wondergem Maurits , Cheung Zing , Bekers Elise M. , van Leeuwen Pim J. , van den Bergh Roderick C. N. , van der Poel Henk G. , Vis André N. , Oprea-Lager Daniela E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT) is recognized as the most accurate imaging modality for detection of metastatic high-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Its role in the local staging of disease is yet unclear. We assessed the intra- and interobserver variability, as well as the diagnostic accuracy of the PSMA PET/CT based molecular imaging local tumour stage (miT-stage) for the local tumour stage assessment in a large, multicentre cohort of patients with intermediate and high-risk primary PCa, with the radical prostatectomy specimen (pT-stage) serving as the reference standard.

Methods
A total of 600 patients who underwent staging PSMA PET/CT before robot-assisted radical prostatectomy was studied. In 579 PSMA positive primary prostate tumours a comparison was made between miT-stage as assessed by four nuclear physicians and the pT-stage according to ISUP protocol. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were determined. In a representative subset of 100 patients, the intra-and interobserver variability were assessed using Kappa-estimates.

Results
The sensitivity and specificity of the PSMA PET/CT based miT-stage were 58% and 59% for pT3a-stage, 30% and 97% for ≥ pT3b-stage, and 68% and 61% for overall ≥ pT3-stage, respectively. No statistically significant differences in diagnostic accuracy were found between tracers.
We found a substantial intra-observer agreement for PSMA PET/CT assessment of ≥ T3-stage (k 0.70) and ≥ T3b-stage (k 0.75), whereas the interobserver agreement for the assessment of ≥ T3-stage (k 0.47) and ≥ T3b-stage (k 0.41) were moderate.

Conclusion
In a large, multicentre study evaluating 600 patients with newly diagnosed intermediate and high-risk PCa, we showed that PSMA PET/CT may have a value in local tumour staging when pathological tumour stage in the radical prostatectomy specimen was used as the reference standard. The intra-observer and interobserver variability of assessment of tumour extent on PSMA PET/CT was moderate to substantial.
Gain measurements of longitudinally excited CO2 laser using low-pressure gas without helium
Authors: Miyagawa Daikichi , Uno Kazuyuki , Watarai Shohei , Kodama Yasushi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe gain characteristics of a CO2 laser pumped by a longitudinal pulsed discharge were investigated to develop a compact He-free CO2 laser operating at a high repetition rate. The longitudinal discharge tube had an inner diameter of 0.8 cm and a length of 45 cm. High-voltage pulses with a discharge starting voltage of 13.4–30.2 kV at a rise time of about 321 ns were applied to the discharge tube. CO2/N2 mixture gas with mixing ratios of 1:0, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 was used. The small signal gain coefficient was measured by inputting a seed CO2 laser pulse into the longitudinal discharge tube. The small signal gain coefficient depended on the delay time between the start of the discharge in the longitudinal discharge tube and the input of a seed CO2 laser pulse, the gas mixing ratio, the gas pressure, the repetition rate and the input energy to the longitudinal discharge tube. In this work, in He-free gas, the maximum small signal gain coefficient at a repetition rate of 300 Hz was 2.11%/cm with a delay time of 30.4 μs, a CO2/N2 gas mixing ratio of 1:2, a gas pressure of 2.6 kPa and an input energy of 191 mJ.
The effect of piston diameter in primary stapes surgery on surgical success
Authors: Blijleven Esther E. , Jellema Maaike , Stokroos Robert J. , Wegner Inge , Thomeer Hans G. X. M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of piston diameter in patients undergoing primary stapes surgery on audiometric results and postoperative complications.

Methods
A retrospective single-center cohort study was performed. Adult patients who underwent primary stapes surgery between January 2013 and April 2022 and received a 0.4-mm-diameter piston or a 0.6-mm-diameter piston were included. The primary and secondary outcomes were pre- and postoperative pure-tone audiometry, pre- and postoperative speech audiometry, postoperative complications, intraoperative anatomical difficulties, and the need for revision stapes surgery. The pure-tone audiometry included air conduction, bone conduction, and air–bone gap averaged over 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 kHz.

Results
In total, 280 otosclerosis patients who underwent 321 primary stapes surgeries were included. The audiometric outcomes were significantly better in the 0.6 mm group compared to the 0.4 mm group in terms of gain in air conduction (median = 24 and 20 dB, respectively), postoperative air–bone gap (median = 7.5 and 9.4 dB, respectively), gain in air–bone gap (median = 20.0 and 18.1 dB, respectively), air–bone gap closure to 10 dB or less (75% and 59%, respectively) and 100% speech reception (median = 75 and 80 dB, respectively). We found no statistically significant difference in postoperative dizziness, postoperative complications and the need for revision stapes surgery between the 0.4 and 0.6 mm group. The incidence of anatomical difficulties was higher in the 0.4 mm group.

Conclusion
The use of a 0.6-mm-diameter piston during stapes surgery seems to provide better audiometric results compared to a 0.4-mm-diameter piston, and should be the preferred piston size in otosclerosis surgery. We found no statistically significant difference in postoperative complications between the 0.4- and 0.6-mm-diameter piston. Based on the results, we recommend always using a 0.6-mm-diameter piston during primary stapes surgery unless anatomical difficulties do not allow it.
Assessing fluid responsiveness with ultrasound in the neonatal intensive care setting: the mini-fluid challenge
Authors: de Waal Koert , Petoello Enrico 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe mini-fluid challenge (MFC) can guide individualised fluid therapy and prevent fluid overload and associated morbidity in adult intensive care patients. This ultrasound test is based on the Frank-Starling principles to assess dynamic fluid responsiveness, but limited MFC data exists for newborns. This brief report describes the feasibility of the MFC in 12 preterm infants with late onset sepsis and 5 newborns with other pathophysiology. Apical views were used to determine the changes in left ventricular stroke volume before and after a 3 ml/kg fluid bolus was given over 5 min. Four out of the 17 infants were fluid responsive, defined as a post-bolus increase in stroke volume of 15% or more. Conclusion: The MFC was feasible and followed the physiological principles of stroke volume and extravascular lung water changes and 24% were fluid responsive. The MFC could enable future studies to examine whether adding fluid responsiveness to guide fluid therapy in newborns can reduce the risk of fluid overload.

What is Known:• Fluid overload is associated with morbidity and mortality.• The mini-fluid challenge (MFC) provides a personalised approach to fluid therapy.

What is New:• The MFC is feasible in newborns.• The MFC followed the physiological principles of stroke volume and extravascular lung water changes.