bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contraction intensity modulates spinal excitability during transcranial magnetic stimulation-evoked silent period in rectus femoris muscle
Authors: Gomez-Guerrero Gonzalo , Ansdell Paul , Howatson Glyn , Avela Janne , Walker Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Reduced spinal excitability during the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) silent period (SP) has recently been shown to last longer than previously thought in the upper limbs, as assessed via spinal electrical stimulation. Further, there is reason to expect that contraction intensity affects the duration of the reduced spinal excitability.

Methods
This study investigated spinal excitability at different time delays within the TMS-evoked SP in m.rectus femoris. Fifteen participants performed non-fatiguing isometric knee extensions at 25%, 50% and 75% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Lumbar stimulation (LS) induced a lumbar-evoked potential (LEP) of 50% resting M-max. TMS stimulator output induced a SP lasting ~ 200 ms. In each contraction, a LEP (unconditioned) was delivered ~ 2–3 s prior to TMS, which was followed by a second LEP (conditioned) 60, 90, 120 or 150 ms into the silent period. Five contractions were performed at each contraction intensity and for each time delay in random order.

Results
Compared to the unconditioned LEP, the conditioned LEP amplitude was reduced (− 28 ± 34%, p = 0.007) only at 60 ms during 25% of MVC. Conditioned LEP amplitudes during 50% and 75% of MVC were reduced at 60 ms (− 37 ± 47%, p = 0.009 and − 37 ± 42%, p = 0.005, respectively) and 150 ms (− 30% ± 37%, p = 0.0083 and − 37 ± 43%, p = 0.005, respectively). LEP amplitude at 90 ms during 50% of MVC also reduced (− 25 ± 35%, p = 0.013).

Conclusion
Reduced spinal excitability is extended during 50% and 75% of MVC. In future, paired TMS-LS could be a potential method to understand changes in spinal excitability during SP (at different contraction intensities) when testing various neurophysiological phenomena.
Risk exploration and prediction model construction for linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis based on big data in a province in southern China
Authors: Liu Peijun , Zeng Bangwei , Wu Xiaoyan , Zheng Feng , Zhang Yangmei , Liao Xiaohua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Enterococcus faecalis is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections. Its resistance to linezolid, the antibiotic of last resort for vancomycin-resistant enterococci, has become a growing threat in healthcare settings.

Methods
We analyzed the data of E. faecalis isolates from 26 medical institutions between 2018 and 2020 and performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine the independent predictors for linezolid-resistant E. faecalis (LREFs). Then, we used the artificial neural network (ANN) and logistic regression (LR) to build a prediction model for linezolid resistance and performed a performance evaluation and comparison.

Results
Of 12,089 E. faecalis strains, 755 (6.25%) were resistant to linezolid. Among vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis, the linezolid-resistant rate was 24.44%, higher than that of vancomycin-susceptible E. faecalis (p < 0.0001). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses showed that gender, age, specimen type, length of stay before culture, season, region, GDP (gross domestic product), number of beds, and hospital level were predictors of linezolid resistance. Both the ANN and LR models constructed in the study performed well in predicting linezolid resistance in E. faecalis, with AUCs of 0.754 and 0.741 in the validation set, respectively. However, synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) did not improve the prediction ability of the models.

Conclusion
E. faecalis linezolid-resistant rates varied by specimen site, geographic region, GDP level, facility level, and the number of beds. At the same time, community-acquired E. faecalis with linezolid resistance should be monitored closely. We can use the prediction model to guide clinical medication and take timely prevention and control measures.
Performance of the Aspergillus galactomannan lateral flow assay with a digital reader for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: a multicenter study
Authors: Guo Jian , Xiao Chenlu , Tian Wenjie , Lv Li , Hu Liang , Ni Lijun , Wang Dongjiang , Li Wei , Qiao Dan , Wu Wenjuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this multicenter study was to compare the diagnostic performance of lateral flow assay (LFA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the Dynamiker Aspergillus Galactomannan levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples for I.

Methods
We registered 310 clinically suspected Aspergillus infection patients from December 2021 to February 2023 and classified them into subgroups as the “IA group” and “non-IA group” based on the latest EORTC/MSG guidelines. The immunoassays were analyzed by LFA and ELISA respectively.

Results
Galactomannan was examined using LFA, and serum and BALF samples demonstrated sensitivities of 82.57% and 89.47%, specificities of 90.76% and 92.00%, PPVs of 89.11% and 96.23%, and NPVs of 85.04% and 79.31%, respectively. Galactomannan was observed using two assays in serum and BALF samples and showed PPAs of 95.11% and 93.33%, NPAs of 89.19% and 96.30%, and TPAs of 92.47% and 94.25%, respectively. The ROC curve demonstrated that LFA had optimum diagnostic value when the index value (I value) = 0.5, the sensitivity was 84.94%, and the specificity was 90.97%.

Conclusion
Compared to the ELISA method, the LFA has shown excellent performance for the diagnosis of IA in serum and BALF sample and can be used as an assay for the early diagnosis of patients with IA. The dynamic change in galactomannan levels may be useful for assessing treatment response.
Dental Implants Acting as External Fixation for the Fracture of Severe Atrophic Mandible: A Case Report
Authors: Kinoshita H. , Ogasawara T. , Nishibata T. , Yoshioka M. , Makihara R. , Hashimoto Y. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTreatment of edentulous and atrophic mandibular fractures is extremely difficult. Generally, mandibular fractures are repaired and fixed as internal fixation using a reconstruction plate or miniplates with intra- or extraoral approach. Few cases in which external fixation including a transmucosal fixation was performed have also been reported. We report a case of atrophic and edentulous mandibular fracture which was healed by the fixation using dental implants and implant-supported bridge.
Incidence and outcome of hospital-acquired COVID-19 infections in secondary and tertiary care hospitals in the era of COVID-19 vaccinations
Authors: Helanne Hanna , Forsblom Erik , Kainulainen Katariina , Järvinen Asko , Kortela Elisa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Hospital-acquired (HA) COVID-19 infections are known to increase morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and outcome of HA COVID-19 in different specialties across the wards in 18 hospitals belonging to the Helsinki University Hospital (HUH) responsible for secondary and tertiary care of a population of 1.8 million.

Design:
Retrospective population-based cohort study.

Setting:
Secondary and tertiary care hospitals.

Patients:
Inpatients with HA COVID-19 infection.

Methods:
The HA COVID-19 infections with patient characteristics were retrospectively searched from HUH patient database from 1st October 2021 to 31st March 2022. All positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) from any ward were reviewed. The COVID-19 infection was classified as HA if a notification of HA infection was done or SARS-CoV-2 NAAT was positive ≥6 days after hospital admission or medical records revealed a known exposure for COVID-19 during hospital stay.

Results:
177 HA COVID-19 infections were retrieved with an incidence of 0.55 per 1000 patient days. Of these patients, 71 (40%) were treated in medicine, 52 (29%) in operative, and 54 (31%) in psychiatric wards, leading to incidences of 0.51, 0.39, and 1.10 per 1,000 patient days, respectively. In association with COVID-19, 16 (23%) in medicine, 3 (6%) in operative, and 1 (2%) patient in psychiatric wards deceased. Of the deceased patients, 16 (80%) had received at least one COVID-19 vaccine.

Conclusions:
Hospital-acquired COVID-19 infections in omicron era were related to high mortality, especially among patients in medicine wards who also had good vaccination coverage.
Audre Lorde's Erotic as Epistemic and Political Practice
Authors: Ward Caleb 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAudre Lorde's account of the erotic is one of her most widely celebrated contributions to political theory and feminist activism, but her explanation of the term in her brief essay “Uses of the Erotic” is famously oblique and ambiguous. This article develops a detailed, textually grounded interpretation of Lorde's erotic, based on an analysis of how Lorde's essay brings together commitments expressed across her work. I describe four integral elements of Lorde's erotic: feeling, knowledge, power, and concerted action. The erotic is a way offeelingin the work a person does, which makes possible newknowledgeabout the self and the social environment—particularly to counteract epistemic oppression imposed by an unjust society. The erotic is a source ofpowerby providing vision and energy for actions integrating a person's multiple commitments and political interests. It facilitatesconcerted action and coalitionby enhancing a person's appreciation of their interests and values, while fostering embodied, personal connections that build trust based on shared vulnerability. Thus, the erotic helps build coalitions where genuine differences of perspective and experience can be examined, in resistance against an oppressive society's epistemic distortions.
Have consumers escaped from COVID-19 restrictions by seeking variety? A Machine Learning approach analyzing wine purchase behavior in the United States
Authors: Rinke Wolfram , Ho Shuay-Tsyr 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic itself constitutes an environment for people to experience the potential loss of control and freedom due to social distancing measures and other government orders. Variety-seeking has been treated as a mechanism to regain a sense of self-control. Using Machine Learning model and household-level data with a focus on the wine market in the United States, this study showcases the changing variety-seeking behavior over the pandemic year of 2020, in which people’s perception of the status of restriction measures influences the degree of their use of variety-seeking behavior as a coping strategy. It is the shopping pattern and store environments that drive the behavioral responses in wine purchases to freedom-limited circumstances. Coupon use is associated with a lower variety-seeking tendency at the beginning of the stay-at-home order, but the variety level resumes when more time has passed in the restriction periods. Variety-seeking tendency increases with shopping frequency at the beginning of the social distancing measure but decreases to a level lower than all the non-restriction periods.
Association of recent respiratory illness and influenza with acute myocardial infarction among the Bangladeshi population: A case–control study
Authors: Aleem Mohammad Abdul , Macintyre C. Raina , Rahman Bayzidur , Islam A. K. M. Monwarul , Akhtar Zubair , Chowdhury Fahmida , Qadri Firdausi , Chughtai Abrar Ahmad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCurrent evidence suggests that recent acute respiratory infections and seasonal influenza may precipitate acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study examined the potential link between recent clinical respiratory illness (CRI) and influenza, and AMI in Bangladesh. Conducted during the 2018 influenza season at a Dhaka tertiary-level cardiovascular (CV) hospital, it included 150 AMI cases and two control groups: 44 hospitalized cardiac patients without AMI and 90 healthy individuals. Participants were matched by gender and age groups. The study focused on self-reported CRI and laboratory-confirmed influenza ascertained via quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) within the preceding week, analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Results showed that cases reported CRI, significantly more frequently than healthy controls (27.3% vs. 13.3%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.21; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–4.06), although this was not significantly different from all controls (27.3% vs. 22.4%; aOR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.65–2.18). Influenza rates were insignificantly higher among cases than controls. The study suggests that recent respiratory illnesses may precede AMI onset among Bangladeshi patients. Infection prevention and control practices, as well as the uptake of the influenza vaccine, may be advocated for patients at high risk of acute CV events.
Obesogenic neighborhood environment is associated with body fat and low-grade inflammation in Brazilian children: could the mother’s BMI be a mediating factor?
Authors: Filgueiras Mariana De Santis , Pessoa Milene Cristine , Bressan Josefina , do Carmo Ariene Silva , Fogal Vegi Aline Siqueira , Albuquerque Fernanda Martins de , Novaes Juliana Farias de 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate the direct and indirect associations of obesogenic and leptogenic neighborhood environments with body fat, and pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines in Brazilian children.

Design:
Cross-sectional study. The body fat distribution was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Concentrations of leptin and adiponectin were measured. Four hundred meters (0·25 miles) road network buffer was the neighborhood unit used to assess the environmental characteristics around households. Obesogenic and leptogenic environments were the latent variables obtained from the observed characteristics. The mother’s BMI, ultra-processed food consumption, and physical activity before and after school, were tested as mediating variables. A hybrid model of structural equations was used to test the direct and indirect associations of obesogenic and leptogenic environments with body fat, leptin and adiponectin concentrations.

Setting:
Urban area of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Participants:
Children aged 8- and 9-years (n 367).

Results:
Obesogenic environment was directly associated with the mother’s BMI (β: 0·24, P = 0·02) and the child’s body fat (β: 0·19, P = 0·02). The mother’s BMI and body fat mediated the association of the obesogenic environment with leptin concentrations (β: 0·05, P = 0·02).

Conclusions:
Obesogenic neighborhood environment was directly associated with body fat and mother's BMI, and indirectly associated with leptin concentrations in Brazilian children, mediated by the mother’s BMI and body fat.
Multistep magnetization switching in orthogonally twisted ferromagnetic monolayers
Authors: Boix-Constant Carla , Jenkins Sarah , Rama-Eiroa Ricardo , Santos Elton J. G. , Mañas-Valero Samuel , Coronado Eugenio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe advent of twist engineering in two-dimensional crystals enables the design of van der Waals heterostructures with emergent properties. In the case of magnets, this approach can afford artificial antiferromagnets with tailored spin arrangements. Here we fabricate an orthogonally twisted bilayer by twisting two CrSBr ferromagnetic monolayers with an easy-axis in-plane spin anisotropy by 90°. The magnetotransport properties reveal multistep magnetization switching with a magnetic hysteresis opening, which is absent in the pristine case. By tuning the magnetic field, we modulate the remanent state and coercivity and select between hysteretic and non-hysteretic magnetoresistance scenarios. This complexity pinpoints spin anisotropy as a key aspect in twisted magnetic superlattices. Our results highlight control over the magnetic properties in van der Waals heterostructures, leading to a variety of field-induced phenomena and opening a fruitful playground for creating desired magnetic symmetries and manipulating non-collinear magnetic configurations.
Auxetic piezoelectric effect in heterostructures
Authors: Yang Ming-Min , Zhu Tian-Yuan , Renz Arne Benjamin , Sun He-Meng , Liu Shi , Gammon Peter Michael , Alexe Marin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInherent symmetry breaking at the interface has been fundamental to a myriad of physical effects and functionalities, such as efficient spin–charge interconversion, exotic magnetic structures and an emergent bulk photovoltaic effect. It has recently been demonstrated that interface asymmetry can induce sizable piezoelectric effects in heterostructures, even those consisting of centrosymmetric semiconductors, which provides flexibility to develop and optimize electromechanical coupling phenomena. Here, by targeted engineering of the interface symmetry, we achieve piezoelectric phenomena behaving as the electrical analogue of the negative Poisson’s ratio. This effect, termed the auxetic piezoelectric effect, exhibits the same sign for the longitudinal (d33) and transverse (d31, d32) piezoelectric coefficients, enabling a simultaneous contraction or expansion in all directions under an external electrical stimulus. The signs of the transverse coefficients can be further tuned via in-plane symmetry anisotropy. The effects exist in a wide range of material systems and exhibit substantial coefficients, indicating potential implications for all-semiconductor actuator, sensor and filter applications.
Genomics and transcriptomics of the Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis)
Authors: Yang Nan , Li Wenjing , Feng Wenrong , Wang Meiyao , Liu Aimin , Tang Yongkai , Su Shengyan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo gain a deeper understanding of the genetic factors influencing the growth and development of Eriocheir sinensis, a well-known species of hairy crab found in Yangcheng Lake, this study focused on the de novo genome and full-length transcriptome information of the selected subjects. Specifically, Yangcheng Lake hairy crabs were chosen as the experimental samples. Initially, a genome analysis was performed, resulting in the identification of gene fragments with a combined length of 1266,092,319 bp. Subsequently, a transcriptome analysis was conducted on a mixture of tissues from four different sites, namely muscle, brain, eye, and heart, to further investigate the genetic characteristics at the transcriptome level. The Pacific Biosciences (Pacio) single-molecule real-time sequencing system generated a total of 36.93 G sub-fragments and 175,90041 effective inserts. This research contributes to the indirect comprehension of genetic variations underlying individual traits. Furthermore, a comparison of the obtained data with relevant literature emphasizes the advantages of this study and establishes a basis for further investigations on the Chinese mitten crab.
Extracting the inherent ideality factor of a diode from electrical current–voltage characteristics
Authors: Park Jaehyeok , Yu Chaeyoon , Min Sangjin , Shim Jong‐In , Shin Dong‐Soo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ideality factor of a diode gives the information on the current conduction or recombination processes occurring inside the device. The ideality factor obtained from the electrical current–voltage (I–V) characteristics by the conventional method is typically masked by the effect of the series resistance at high currents. In this study, from a careful analysis of the I–V characteristics, a new formula that can extract the inherent ideality factor without the effect of the series resistance is presented and experimentally tested with a blue light‐emitting diode. The new ideality factor thus obtained is compared with the one by the photovoltaic measurement.
An AC optimal power flow framework for active–reactive power scheduling considering generator capability curve
Authors: Vaishya Shri Ram 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a simplified optimal power flow (OPF) framework to facilitate co‐optimised active and reactive power scheduling for synchronous generators and price‐sensitive demands. The proposed framework creates an opportunity for generators and loads to simultaneously participate in a combined market for active and reactive power. The co‐optimisation of active and reactive power generation is constrained by the interdependence of the active and reactive power capacities, which is represented by the generator capability curve. Thus, a detailed mathematical derivation of the opportunity costs across various regions of the generator capability curve is presented. This study considers a detailed generator capability curve that considers the armature, field, under‐excitation, and prime mover limits. The interdependence of active and reactive power consumption for demand is modelled using the concept of power‐factor. The OPF problem for generator and load scheduling is formulated as a non‐linear optimisation task, leveraging the inherent properties of the generator capability curve, that is, piecewise smoothness, continuity, and the monotonically increasing slope magnitudes. Furthermore, to simplify the OPF formulation, the non‐linear capability curve is represented as a combination of the linear curves. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed OPF methodologies, suitable case studies are conducted using different test systems.
Coordination of preventive and emergency dispatch in renewable energy integrated power systems under extreme weather
Authors: Junjie Rong , Ming Zhou , Zhi Zhang , Gengyin Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years, frequent occurrence of extreme weather events has caused great losses to the power system. Meanwhile, the high penetration of renewable energy has brought new challenges to the safe operation of the system. Coordination of various measures against different stages of disaster can effectively reduce the overall loss and enhance system's resilience. This paper proposed a methodology to coordinate preventive and emergency dispatch stages based on the defender–attacker–defender model, in which various dispatching measures are modelled as defenders, whereas the extreme weather event and wind power's uncertainty are modelled as attackers. Specifically, a two‐stage three‐layer robust optimal dispatching model is established, in which conventional generator's output, wind farm's grid‐connected planning, and load shedding are taken as the main dispatching measures. To solve this model, the column and constraint generation algorithm is used to transform the three‐layer optimization model into a mixed integer linear problem . The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified in the modified IEEE RTS‐79 test system, and the results show that the coordination of preventive and emergency dispatch can effectively reduce the load outage cost under extreme weather, thus enhancing the ability of power system to cope with extreme scenarios.