bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of TNM AJCC/UICC 8th with JES 11th staging systems for prognostic prediction in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent radical (chemo) radiotherapy in China
Authors: Zhang Andu , Li Yang , Zhang Hongtao , Liu Hui , Han Chun , Shi Gaofeng 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
The aim of the study was to compare the prognostic prediction performances of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)/Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) 8th staging system and the Japan Esophageal Society (JES) 11th staging system for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent radical (chemo) radiotherapy.

Methods:
In total, 574 patients were enrolled and categorized according to the tumor, node metastasis (TNM) AJCC/UICC 8th and JES 11th editions. Survival rates and disease-free survival were computed using the Kaplan–Meier technique. The log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis.

Results:
(1) The 8th AJCC/UICC N staging exhibited significant stratification for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). JES 11th showed significant OS stratification, but PFS was not well-stratified for N2–N4. (2) Both staging systems demonstrated significant stratification for OS and PFS. (3) AJCC/UICC 8th TNM staging yielded significantly well-stratified OS and PFS in the differing staging group. JES 11th failed to stratify OS and PFS for stages III and IVA. (4) AJCC/UICC 8th TNM stratified OS and PFS significantly well for lower and middle region tumors, whereas JES 11th inadequately stratified stages III and IVA. (5) Significant multivariable analysis results indicated that AJCC/UICC 8th independently predicted poor OS and PFS.

Conclusions:
In Chinese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent radical (chemo) radiotherapy, the AJCC/UICC 8th edition exhibited superior prognostic prediction capabilities compared with the JES 11th edition.
E3 ubiquitin-ligase RNF138 may regulate p53 protein expression to regulate the self-renewal and tumorigenicity of glioma stem cells
Authors: Chao Qing , Li Xuetao , Huang Yulun 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most malignant tumor of the central nervous system, is characterized by poor survival and high recurrence. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are key to treating GBM and are regulated by various signaling pathways. Ubiquitination, a post-translational modification, plays an important regulatory role in many biological processes. Ring finger protein 138 (RNF138) is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that is highly expressed in several tumors; however, its role in GBM is unclear. This study investigated whether RNF138 regulates the self-renewal ability of glioma stem GSCs to treat GBM.

Materials and Methods:
The expression of RNF138 in glioma tissues and its correlation with GSCs were analyzed using bioinformatics. Short hairpin ribonucleic acid (RNA) was designed to downregulate the expression of RNF138 in GSCs, and immunofluorescence, secondary pellet formation, and western blotting were used to detect changes in GSC markers and self-renewal ability. The effects of RNF138 on p53 protein expression were determined by immunofluorescence and western blotting. The effects of RNF138 on the self-renewal and tumorigenic abilities of GSCs were evaluated in vivo.

Results:
RNF138 expression was higher in glioma tissues than in normal brain tissues, and was highly expressed in GSCs. RNF138 downregulation significantly decreased the expression of the GSC markers cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133) and nestin. Mechanistically, RNF138 may interfere with the self-renewal ability of GSCs by regulating the expression of p53. RNF138 downregulation in vivo prolonged survival time and regulated the expression of p53 protein in tumor-bearing mice.

Conclusion:
RNF138 may regulate the expression of p53 protein through ubiquitination, thereby affecting the self-renewal and tumorigenic ability of GSCs. This study provides a scientific basis for the treatment of glioblastoma by targeting RNF138 to inhibit GSCs.
Upshots of health education among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A field study in Mysuru
Authors: Anil Deepak , Kumar D. Sunil , Ravali Annaram , Vadaga Vijaylakshmi Rao , Gopi Arun 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This study was conducted to assess the impact of health education on lifestyle modification and disease status of diabetic patients for 6 months in rural Mysuru in Southern India.

Materials and Methods:
A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 104 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural Mysuru, India from July to December 2022. Participants were assigned to two groups: intervention (n = 52) and control (n = 52), and their data were collected. The intervention group was educated about the disease and its management and was given printed pamphlets containing information to be followed, whereas the participants in the control group were asked to continue their routine health checkups. The body mass index (BMI), weight, fasting blood sugar (FBS), knowledge about the disease, and behavior changes were recorded and compared between the two groups before and after 6 months.

Results:
The mean FBS value, BMI and weight decreased significantly in the intervention group after 6 months (FBS: 164.79 ± 47.59 mg/dL vs. 141.92 ± 25.63 mg/dL, P < 0.001; BMI: 22.97 ± 3.75 kg/m2 vs. 22.62 ± 3.29 kg/m2, P < 0.05; weight: 62.82 ± 11.92 kg vs. 61.54 ± 10.67 kg, P < 0.05). The posttest period also showed an improvement in physical activity, diet, and medication adherence in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The knowledge scores also improved postintervention which was statistically significant with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The effectiveness of the educational intervention was also supported by lower FBS levels and decrease in BMI and weight compared to before. The findings of this study may help and make it easier to plan studies on people with diabetes mellitus in various settings.
Scope of technology in health care, special focus on nursing
Authors: Malla Adil Mudasir , Amin Ulfat 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into health care reshapes nursing practices and education, enhancing patient care and clinical processes. This article discusses the transformative potential of AI in nursing, from streamlining documentation and diagnosis using AI applications to the evolution of nursing. The utilization of AI in primary care through automated communication strategies and the emergence of humanistic AI solutions are explored. As nurses adapt to AI-driven health-care technologies, balancing present needs with future demands becomes imperative. AI provides substantial advantages, but it’s crucial to address challenges to ensure the successful integration of technology in healthcare and maintain the delivery of high-quality patient care in our tech-driven healthcare environment.
Evaluation of the etiologies and rehabilitation status of patients with blindness: A prospective observational study
Authors: Das Sarmistha , Halder Pankaj Kumar , Ray Suchidipa , Vadeo Akholu , Paul Kallol , Sarkar Sneha 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Preventive measures and appropriate rehabilitation are important in reducing the social burden of blindness. This study was to evaluate the etiologies, proportions, and level of rehabilitation for patients with blindness.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational study with 1000 visually impaired patients was conducted. The data regarding age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), etiologies, curable or incurable blindness (IB), treatments, awareness, and state of rehabilitation were collected and reviewed.

Results:
The ratio of curable to IB was 0.82:1. The proportion of blindness rises after 40, even while the proportion of curable blindness (CB) increases after 60. The male–female ratios were 1.25:1 and 1:1.66 in the cases of CB and IB, respectively. On the other hand, the male–female ratio for childhood blindness was 1.66:1. Cataracts (78.22%) were the most common cause of CB, whereas diabetic retinopathy (24%), corneal opacity (17.5%), and trauma (12.4%) were causes of IB. Patients with illiteracy, low SES, and female gender were more likely to develop IB. There were low enrollment rates at the blind school and poor rehabilitation, mainly because of a lack of knowledge.

Conclusion:
Diabetic retinopathy, corneal opacity, and trauma are the major causes of IB. IB and poor rehabilitation were more profound in women and were associated with illiteracy, low SES, and a lack of awareness.
Lived Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence and Help-seeking among Wives of Persons with Alcohol Dependence: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Periyasamy Chinnadurai , Ezhumalai Sinu , Vranda Mysore Narasimha , Narayanan Gitanjali , Kandasamy Arun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Worldwide, intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem. Most of the wives of persons with alcohol dependence (PwAD) experience IPV in their lifetime. The study examined lived experiences of IPV among wives of PwAD.

Methods:
Qualitative research study design was used. Twenty participants were recruited using the consecutive sampling method. The researcher used an in-depth interview guide to collect the data. ATLAS.ti.9 software was used to analyse the qualitative data. Thematic analysis was used for coding and emerging themes. The thematic analysis yielded four themes generated from the in-depth interview: (1) reasons for the IPV, (2) help-seeking, (3) barriers in help-seeking and (4) coping with IPV.

Conclusion:
Survivors of IPV do not seek help due to self-stigma, unavailable resources, and lack of awareness about treatment for alcohol dependence. Clinicians should routinely screen for IPV among female spouses of persons with alcohol-dependent syndrome and provide psychosocial interventions for the survivors of IPV.
Internet Addiction among Undergraduate Medical Students and Its Relationship with Alexithymia, Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in an Indian Medical College: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Rao Suhas Bhargav Achatapalli Venkata , Kangil Sanjana Ramanath , Shivarudrappa Narendra Kumar Muthugaduru 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context:
Internet addiction (IA) is a rising issue, particularly among university students. The presence of comorbid psychiatric distress can worsen the impact of IA on academic and social functioning. Alexithymia, difficulty recognizing and expressing emotions may play a role in this relationship.

Aims:
This study aimed to assess the severity and association of IA, psychological distress, and alexithymia among undergraduate medical students in India.

Settings and Design:
This was a cross-sectional study of 380 undergraduate medical students following convenience sampling, studying in Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (MMCRI), Mysuru.

Subjects and Methods:
Sociodemographic details were collected, and participants completed the Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT-20), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20).

Statistical Analysis:
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-20. Descriptive statistics expressed as frequencies, means, and percentages. Qualitative data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to find out the association between two categorical variables. Spearman’s rank correlation test was used to find the correlation involving ordinal variables. Statistical significance was set at p<.05.

Results:
About 45.7% were aged 18–20 years, male (58.4%), and from urban areas (54.2%). On IAT, 26.6% showed mild addiction, 11.6% had moderate addiction, and 1.3% had severe dependence. Psychological distress with 42.1% experienced depression, 42.4% anxiety, and 20.0% stress symptoms. In addition, 25.0% were classified as alexithymia. Significant correlations were found between grades of depression, anxiety, stress, and alexithymia with gender, residence, psychiatric illness in family, substance, and Internet use.

Conclusions:
The study population revealed a high prevalence of IA and psychiatric distress among undergraduate medical students. These findings highlight the need for interventions and support services targeting IA and related psychological distress among medical students.
Cognitive Benefits of Physical Activity in the Elderly: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ghosh Aishwarya , Jagtap Tejaswini , Issac Thomas Gregor 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A huge focus of research has been on the pharmacological trials to find drugs that work to stall the onset of age related cognitive decline and subsequent neurodegenerative disorders like dementia, but pharmacological interventions have not been able to help with cure and hence there has been a shift of focus to other nonpharmacological and behavioral interventions like physical activity (PA) along with the use of medications. There is moderate evidence supporting different forms of exercise for lowering the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. PA has positive effects on the global cognition of the elderly and helps maintain hippocampal volume. Aerobic exercise was found to be the most beneficial among different other forms of PA. Regular involvement in PA not only helps in the prevention and control of various diseases but also is increasingly recommended as a strategy to promote health and encourage the maintenance of functional capacity in the elderly. The main objective of this review is to discuss the effects of PA on brain health and cognitive functions of older adults from a psychophysiological perspective. Important underlying molecular mechanisms have also been discussed which would provide an idea of the biological basis of the same.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on control of bronchial asthma in children attending the asthma clinic in a tertiary care centre in Kerala
Authors: Varghese Meenu Anna , Sreelatha P R , Peter Anu Marie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread change in the life of people across the globe, including children, with far-reaching consequences. When control of disease is considered among children with asthma, a positive impact is to be expected. This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on disease control among children with asthma.

OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives are (1) to compare the level of asthma control pre-COVID versus during the COVID pandemic in terms of exacerbations and short-acting beta agonist (SABA) usage and (2) to compare the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) pre-COVID versus during the COVID pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Hospital-based study was conducted among children aged 5–15 years attending the asthma clinic of Government TD Medical College, Alappuzha, during the period May 2021–January 2022. Asthma control in terms of SABA usage, emergency visits, hospitalizations, and ICS usage was compared pre-COVID (before March 2020) to Complete lockdown (March 2020–May 2020), phased reopening (June 2020–May 2021) and after the lifting of major restrictions (June 2021–January 2022). Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics v.26.

RESULTS:
In total, 139 children were included in the study. A decrease was observed in the number of children requiring SABA as reliever therapy, with 18%, 25.9%, and 33.1% not requiring SABA during the complete lockdown, during phased reopening, and after the lifting of major restrictions, respectively, when compared to pre-COVID. A statistically significant decrease in hospitalizations and visits to the emergency department due to asthma exacerbations were also observed during various phases of the pandemic. ICS was stopped in 15.1%, 30.2%, and 35.3% of the study subjects during various phases of the pandemic without further exacerbations.

CONCLUSION:
There was a significant impact on asthma control during the pandemic, which was sustained during various phases of lifting restrictions.
Effectiveness of probiotics in autism spectrum disorder: A case comparison pilot study
Authors: Jagadeesh Ananthan , Little Flower Anchu Chellappan , Sasikumar Anuja , Asokan Aparnna Beena , Swamy Mathan , Binod Deepa , Chowdhury Sreetama , Gautam Amrita , Sivaram Remadevi , Nair MKC 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
Children with autism have a higher prevalence of gastrointestinal problems than typically developing children. Global research shows inconsistent results in efficacy of probiotics in decreasing gastrointestinal and behavioral symptoms in Autism. This study is a pilot study conducted in Kerala, India, to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics in autistic children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is a hospital-based case–comparison study in autistic children in the age range of 2–6 years. The study arm received probiotics sachets for 2 months, and the change in gastrointestinal and behavioral symptoms in the study and control arm was compared post-intervention.

RESULTS:
There is a significant improvement in gastrointestinal and behavioral symptoms post-intervention in the study arm. However, on comparing the study and comparison arm, statistically significant improvement was observed only in gastrointestinal domain (P = 0.011).

CONCLUSION:
The present study establishes the need of large-scale, double-blinded, randomized controlled trials to come to a consensus agreement regarding effectiveness of probiotics in autism.
Association of screen time and physical activity with central obesity among adolescent school children in Kerala
Authors: Puthussery Tina P , Unnikrishnan Deepa T 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

CONTEXT:
Adolescents with increased sedentary behaviors can have an association with central adiposity and metabolic risk.

AIMS:
To estimate the prevalence of central obesity in adolescent school children in Kerala and to determine the association of excess screen time and inadequate physical activity with central obesity.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
Selected schools in Ernakulam District, a cross-sectional study.

METHODS AND MATERIALS:
Adolescents’ (n = 400; 14–18 years) weight, height, and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Sedentary behaviors [excess screen time (ST ≥ 2 h/day) and inadequate physical activity (moderate to vigorous physical activity < 1 h/day) ] were measured using a prevalidated instrument. The association between sedentary behaviors and central adiposity indicators (WC > 90th percentile, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) > 0.5, and WC > 70th percentile are taken as the cutoff for metabolic risk) was analyzed using Pearson Chi-square test.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of central obesity was 3.5% with WC > 90th percentile and 19.8% with WHtR > 0.5 and that of adolescents with metabolic risk was 10.5%. Excess screen time and inadequate physical activity were found in 64.5% and 61.3% of the total population respectively. However, no significant association was found. But it was observed that the majority of centrally obese children (WC > 90th percentile) and those with metabolic risk were having some physical activity and were not sedentary (100% and 92.9%, respectively) which was statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS:
Results indicate a high prevalence of central obesity and metabolic risk and incomplete awareness about the recommended physical activity guidelines, possible co-existence of other risk factors, and the need for integrated interventions that will reduce at-risk behaviors.
A pilot study of “adverse events following immunization” surveillance with COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents: A prospective observational study based on single-center experience from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Pasi Rachna , Babu Thirunavukkarasu Arun , Kallidoss Vinoth Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 vaccination was started on January 3, 2022, among children aged 15–-18 years with Covaxin vaccination. Subsequently, Corbevax was approved for age groups up to 12 years of age since March 16, 2022.

OBJECTIVES:
To know the incidence and spectrum of adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) for this newly approved COVID-19 vaccine for children.

DESIGN:
This was a prospective observational pilot study undertaken in a tertiary-level care hospital.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
All children vaccinated at our tertiary care center in South India were enrolled after informed consent. AEFI at 30 min, up to 24 h, and 1–7 days postvaccination are noted. The causality assessment was done.

RESULTS:
A total of 36 participants were studied, out of which 24 received Covaxin and 12 received Corbevax. No immediate AEFI was noted with any vaccine. Up to 24 h, 22/36 (61%) AEFI noted where 12/24 (50%) with Covaxin and 10/12 (83.3%) with Corbevax. Postvaccination within 1–7 days, only 1 (2.8%) side effects were present with Covaxin. Fever was reported statistically more in the Corbevax vaccine (P = 0.03).

CONCLUSION:
Corbevax and Covaxin both are safer vaccines for children. None of the vaccines had any major side effects. Maximum AEFI noted were up to 24 h postvaccination.
HUBUNGAN POWER OTOT LENGAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN LEMPAR LEMBING
Authors: Ambia Fachrizal , Zahara Zahara , Ifwandi Ifwandi , Rinaldy Alfian 
Published: December 2023

Lempar lembing merupakan kemampuan seseorang dalam menunjukkan atau melakukan gerak melempar yang mencerminkan tolak ukur objektif dari pegangan atau grip lembing, lari awalan, tahap berirama atau menyilang, kecepatan dan daya ledak otot lengan sangatlah berperan penting, tetapi gerakan lengan sangat luas. Dengan gerakan yang luas tersebut, Dengan demikian yang menjadi tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kontribusi daya ledak otot lengan terhadap kemampuan lempar lembing, metode dalam penelitian ini menggukan metode pengukuran power lengan dan lempar lembing, berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwasanya (1) terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara power otot lengan dengan kemampuan dalam lempar lembing sebesar (r= 0,69), Power otot Lengan memberikan hubungan sebanyak 47,61% terhadap kemampuan lempar lembing. Power Otot lengan merupakan bagian tubuh yang sangat penting dalam mendukung keberhasilan aktivitas manusia, power merupakan salah satu kemampuan penting yang harus dimiliki oleh seorang atlet, terutama power lengan karena setiap gerakan yang dilakukan dalam olahraga lempar lembing membutuhkan power otot lengan yang baik juga didukung unsur-unsur lainnya.AbstractJavalin throwing is a person’s ability to demonstrate or carry out throwing movements that reflect objective benchmarks from the javelin’s grip, starting run, rhythmic or crossing stages, speed and explosive power of the arm muscles play an important role, the aim of this research is the contribution of arm muscle explosive power to javekin throwing ability. The method in this research uses methods for measuring arm power and javelin throwing. Based on the research carried out, the result show that (1) there is a relationship The positive and significant relationship between arm muscle power and javelin throwing ability is (r= 0.69). Arm muscle power has a 47.67% relationship with javelin throwing ability. Arm muscle power Is a very important part of the body in supporting the success of human activities. Power is one of the important abilities that an athlete must have, especially arm power because every movement carried out in the sport of javelin throwing requires good arm muscle power which is also supported by the following elements other elements.