bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning algorithms’ application to predict childhood vaccination among children aged 12–23 months in Ethiopia: Evidence 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey dataset
Authors: Demsash Addisalem Workie , Chereka Alex Ayenew , Walle Agmasie Damtew , Kassie Sisay Yitayih , Bekele Firomsa , Bekana Teshome 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionChildhood vaccination is a cost-effective public health intervention to reduce child mortality and morbidity. But, vaccination coverage remains low, and previous similar studies have not focused on machine learning algorithms to predict childhood vaccination. Therefore, knowledge extraction, association rule formulation, and discovering insights from hidden patterns in vaccination data are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to predict childhood vaccination among children aged 12–23 months using the best machine learning algorithm.MethodsA cross-sectional study design with a two-stage sampling technique was used. A total of 1617 samples of living children aged 12–23 months were used from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The data was pre-processed, and 70% and 30% of the observations were used for training, and evaluating the model, respectively. Eight machine learning algorithms were included for consideration of model building and comparison. All the included algorithms were evaluated using confusion matrix elements. The synthetic minority oversampling technique was used for imbalanced data management. Informational gain value was used to select important attributes to predict childhood vaccination. The If/ then logical association was used to generate rules based on relationships among attributes, and Weka version 3.8.6 software was used to perform all the prediction analyses.ResultsPART was the first best machine learning algorithm to predict childhood vaccination with 95.53% accuracy. J48, multilayer perceptron, and random forest models were the consecutively best machine learning algorithms to predict childhood vaccination with 89.24%, 87.20%, and 82.37% accuracy, respectively. ANC visits, institutional delivery, health facility visits, higher education, and being rich were the top five attributes to predict childhood vaccination. A total of seven rules were generated that could jointly determine the magnitude of childhood vaccination. Of these, if wealth status = 3 (Rich), adequate ANC visits = 1 (yes), and residency = 2 (Urban), then the probability of childhood vaccination would be 86.73%.ConclusionsThe PART, J48, multilayer perceptron, and random forest algorithms were important algorithms for predicting childhood vaccination. The findings would provide insight into childhood vaccination and serve as a framework for further studies. Strengthening mothers’ ANC visits, institutional delivery, improving maternal education, and creating income opportunities for mothers could be important interventions to enhance childhood vaccination.
Maternal hepatitis C virus infection and three adverse maternal outcomes in the United States
Authors: Hood Robert B. , Miller William C. , Shoben Abigail , Harris Randall E. , Norris Alison H. 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundHepatitis Virus C (HCV) infection rates have trended upwards among pregnant people in the USA since 2009. Existing evidence about HCV infections and maternal outcomes is limited; therefore, we used birth certificate data to investigate the association between HCV infection and maternal health outcomes.MethodsWe used the 2017 US birth certificate dataset (a cross-section of 1.4 million birth records) to assess the association between prevalent HCV infection and gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and eclampsia. Potential confounding variables included prenatal care, age, education, smoking, presence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), body mass index (BMI), and weight gain during pregnancy. We restricted our analysis to only women with a first singleton pregnancy. Odds ratios were estimated by logistic regression models and separate models were tested for white and Black women.ResultsOnly 0.31% of the women in our sample were infected with HCV (n = 4412). In an unadjusted model, we observed a modest significant protective association between HCV infection and gestational diabetes (Odds ratio [OR]: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.76–0.96); but this was attenuated with adjustment for confounding variables (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.02). There was no association between HCV and gestational hypertension (AOR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.16) or eclampsia (AOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.69, 1.93). Results from the race stratified models were similar to the non-stratified summary models.ConclusionWe observed no statistically significant associations between maternal HCV infection with maternal health outcomes. Although, our analysis did indicate that HCV may lower the risk of gestational diabetes, this may be attributable to confounding. Studies utilizing more accurately measured HCV infection including those collecting type and timing of testing, and timing of infection are warranted to ensure HCV does not adversely impact maternal and/or fetal health. Particularly in the absence of recommended therapy for HCV during pregnancy.
Changes in economic activity and mental distress among young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: Differences between the first and second infection waves in the UK
Authors: Zhang Linruo , Gagné Thierry , McMunn Anne 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundWhile infection rates, lockdown policies, and labor market conditions substantially varied across COVID-19 waves, the majority of evidence on young adults’ mental health remains focused on initial responses in early 2020. The variability of the relationship between economic activity and mental health over time therefore remains poorly understood in this age group.MethodsUsing linear mixed models, we investigated the relationship between current activity and changes in activity and mental distress (GHQ-12) among 1,390 young adults aged 16–34 via the UK Household Longitudinal Study COVID-19 survey. The association was explored in the first (from April to July 2020) and second (from September 2020 to March 2021) infection waves. Current activity was defined as “not working”, “working <17.5 hours/week”, “17.5–35 hours/week”, and “> = 35 hours/week”. Changes in activity were derived from current and pre-pandemic working hours and divided into four categories: “working with no reduced hours”, “working fewer hours”, “no longer working”, and “did not work before the pandemic”.ResultsDuring the first wave, no association reached statistical significance. During the second wave: 1) compared to “currently not working”, working 35 or more hours was associated with decreased distress (b= -1.54; 95%CI -2.39, -0.69) and working less than 17.5 hours was not (b= -0.62; 95%CI -1.66, 0.41); 2) compared to “working with no reduced hours compared with before the outbreak”, no longer working was associated with increased distress (b= 1.58, 95%CI 0.61, 2.55) and working with reduced hours was not (b= 0.47, 95%CI -0.24, 1.17).ConclusionAbove the mental health inequalities experienced at the start of the pandemic, full-time work–even with variation in work hours–continued to be a protective factor against mental distress among young adults during the second wave in the UK. Stable, full-time work can better support this age group’s mental well-being over time.
Associations between Social Isolation Index and changes in grip strength, gait speed, bone mineral density (BMD), and self-reported incident fractures among older adults: Results from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
Authors: Lee Ahreum , McArthur Caitlin , Ioannidis George , Mayhew Alexandra , Adachi Jonathan D. , Griffith Lauren E. , Thabane Lehana , Papaioannou Alexandra 
Published: October 2023

Background
The aim is to investigate whether social isolation and loneliness are associated with changes in grip strength, gait speed, BMD, and fractures.

Methods
Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) Comprehensive Cohort participants aged 65 years and older at baseline (2012–2015) who completed the three-year follow-up interview (2015–2018) were included in this analysis (n = 11,344). Social isolation and loneliness were measured using the CLSA social isolation index (CLSA-SII, range 0–10). We calculated absolute and percent change in grip strength (kg) and gait speed (m/s) and annualized absolute (g/cm2) and percent change in femoral neck and total hip BMD during the three-year follow-up. Self-reported incident fractures of all skeletal sites in the previous 12 months were measured at three-year follow-up. Multivariable analyses were conducted. Odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) are reported.

Results
The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 72.9 (5.6) years and 49.9% were female. The mean (SD) of CLSA-SII at baseline was 3.5 (1.4). Mean absolute and percentage change (SD) in grip strength (kg) and gait speed (m/s) were -1.33 (4.60), -3.02% (16.65), and -0.05 (0.17), -3.06% (19.28) during the three-year follow-up, respectively. Mean annualized absolute (g/cm2) and percentage change (SD) in femoral neck and total hip BMD were -0.004 (0.010), -0.47% (1.43) and -0.005 (0.009), -0.57% (1.09), respectively. 345 (3.1%) participants had incident fractures. As CLSA-SII increased (per one unit change), participants had 1.13 (adjusted OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01–1.27) times greater odds for incident fractures. The interaction term between the CLSA-SII and centre for epidemiology studies depression 9 scale (CES-D 9) for self-reported incident fractures was shown (interaction OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04).

Conclusions
Socially isolated and lonely older adults were more likely to have had incident fractures, but social isolation was not associated with the three-year changes in grip strength, gait speed, or BMD.
Association between dietary calcium, potassium, and magnesium consumption and glaucoma
Authors: Zhang Yin , Zhao Zhihua , Ma Qingmin , Li Kejun , Zhao Xiaobin , Jia Zhiyang 
Published: October 2023

Background
Calcium (Ca), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) may be involved in the occurrence and development of glaucoma by influencing the retinal oxidative stress and regulate blood pressure. However, epidemiological opinions on dietary intake of macroelement related to glaucoma are inconsistent. Herein, this study aims to explore the association between dietary Ca, K, and Mg consumption and glaucoma.

Methods
Data of 7,042 adults aged ≥40 years old who received the glaucoma examinations were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2005 to 2008 in this cross-sectional study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the association between dietary Ca, K, and Mg intake and glaucoma with the odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also investigated this relationship in individuals of different age, with/without hypertension and visual field defect (VFD).

Results
There were 502 (8.11%) participants had glaucoma. After adjusted for covariables, we found that enough dietary Ca consumption was related to a decreased risk of glaucoma [OR = 0.59, 95%CI: (0.42–0.81)], whether in persons with/without hypertension (all P<0.05). In particular, dietary K intake may be a potential protect factor for glaucoma in non-hypertension populations [OR = 0.47, 95%CI: (0.22–0.99), P = 0.049]. Additionally, hypertension/non-hypertension persons who aged <65 years old or with/without VFD should all pay attention to the enough dietary supplement of Ca, K, and Mg according to their own circumstances.

Conclusion
Enough dietary Ca, K, and Mg consumption may be potential protect factors of glaucoma that could provide some dietary reference for developing targeted glaucoma prevention and control measures.
Diffuse Jejunal Lipomatosis and Associated Complications
Authors: Tkachuk Bryce , Collins Reid , Stukalin Igor , Gupta Milli , Ng Danny , Jijon Humberto 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Small intestinal lipomatosis is a rare condition with a poorly understood epidemiology and pathophysiology. Cases of small intestinal lipomatosis have been documented in multiple countries over the last century, yet little has been published regarding the natural history of this disease. Therapeutic options are largely surgical and based on limited evidence. We report a unique case of diffuse jejunal lipomatosis in a 62-year-old man with complications of small bowel obstruction, small bowel volvulus, jejunal diverticulosis, pneumatosis intestinalis, malnutrition, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, and intestinal dysmotility developing over a 12-year period.
Zmiany regionalnych struktur sektora usług w krajach UE w latach 2010–2020
Authors: Dominiak Joanna , Kossowski Tomasz M. 
Published: October 2023

Rozwój sektora usług, który obserwowany jest wraz ze wzrostem poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego, jest tylko jednym z symptomów przemian zachodzących w gospodarce. Znacznie istotniejsze są zmiany w strukturze samego sektora usług. Ze względu na dużą heterogeniczność tego sektora, dopiero analiza przekształceń w odniesieniu do poszczególnych rodzajów usług daje pełen obraz przemian i znaczenia trzeciego sektora w gospodarce.
Głównym celem artykułu jest identyfikacja zmian zachodzących w strukturze sektora usług krajów UE z wykorzystaniem metody przesunięć udziałów. Analiza została przeprowadzona w układzie sekcji NACE (PKD) w latach 2010–2020 dla liczby podmiotów gospodarczych oraz liczby zatrudnionych w układzie terytorialnym na poziomie NUTS2. Analiza prowadzi do wniosku, że następuje spadek znaczenia tradycyjnych usług zaliczanych do sekcji G oraz rozwój usług profesjonalnych, naukowych i technicznych (sekcja M), a także wzrost znaczenia usług związanych z sektorem ICT (sekcja J). Polskie regiony nie odstają od ogólnoeuropejskiego wzorca zmian, a niektóre z nich należały do jednostek z najdynamiczniej rozwijającymi się sekcjami badanych usług w Europie.
Effect of truck and train loading on permanent deformation and fatigue cracking behavior of asphalt concrete in flexible pavement highway and asphaltic overlayment track
Authors: Setiawan Dian M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research investigated the largest magnitude of displacement and horizontal tensile strain in several critical locations within the asphalt concrete (AC) layer in both the flexible pavement highway (FPH) and asphaltic overlayment track (AOT) structure using the numerical modeling method. The role of the hauling loads, speed, and loading cycles of freight truck’s dumps and freight train’s wagons on the mechanical behavior of FPH and AOT in terms of the permanent deformation and fatigue cracking was examined. Furthermore, the performance of the FPH and AOT in terms of permanent deformation and fatigue cracking characteristics due to various magnitudes of hauling loads, speed, and loading cycles of freight truck’s dumps and freight train’s wagons was compared to determine the optimum infrastructure for the freight coal transportation, based on the hauling capacity as well as the magnitude of permanent deformation and the horizontal tensile strain of the AC layer. According to the findings of this study, it is suggested to choose the AOT structure with fourth or sixth loading systems to run the freight coal transportation with the highest magnitude of the hauling capacity of 360,000 tons, since it produces the minimum magnitude of the permanent deformation and fatigue cracking of the AC layer. Future research should be conducted to examine the potential and the characteristics of fatigue cracking due to the contact between the edge of the sleeper and the surface of the AC layer in AOT.
Line coding performance integrated with measured multimode index fibers and high speed spatial single mode laser sources
Authors: Prabu Ramachandran Thandaiah , Kumar Chandran Ramesh , Shibu Soman , Gopinathan Charulatha , Xavier Benisha Maria , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Ahmed Aisha Abd Rahman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study demonstrates the line coding performance integrated with measured multimode index fibers and high speed spatial single mode laser sources. The line coding that are used are pulse amplitude modulation and non return to zero coding. Optimum lighted power form with the spectral base band form wavelength based on NRZ line coding is clarified. Optimum lighted form band power with the spectral base band form wavelength based on the PAM line coding is studied. The max lighted base power base band form variations with the time durations in the presence of NRZ line coding is simulated. Optimum lighted band form power with the time durations based on both PAM and NRZ line coding. Max electrical base band power form amplitude variations with time durations based on the NRZ line coding is clarified.
Cyberpunk,steampunk, and all thatpunk: genre names and their uses across communities
Authors: Ursini Francesco-Alessio , Samo Giuseppe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to offer an analysis ofcyberpunk,steampunk, and other genre names related via thepunkelement. We study the emergence and popularity of these names among science fiction fans and scholars, comparing them with “mainstream” appreciators. We carry out a corpus study that analyses data extracted from textual corpora in four languages (English, German, French, and Italian) and encyclopedias (fandom communities, e.g., Aesthetics Wiki). We show that the proliferation ofpunkgenre names tends to be closely related to science fiction and other (fan-)fiction communities, who display an emotive and intellectual investment inpunksubgenres. We propose an analysis via a frame-theoretical model that shows howcyberpunkand related genre names can describe the core narrative themes of each subgenre. We then propose thatpunkgenre names form sets of near-synonym words via their ability to describe fictional narratives featuring anti-authoritarian protagonists across different world settings and technologies. We conclude by discussing the consequences of our account for possible theories of genres, genre names, and linguistic studies focusing on science fiction and other fictional genres.
Superhydrophobic bilayer coating for passive daytime radiative cooling
Authors: Zhao Bin , Xu Chengfeng , Jin Cheng , Lu Kegui , Chen Ken , Li Xiansheng , Li Lanxin , Pei Gang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Passive radiative cooling is an energy-free cooling method by exchanging thermal radiation with the cold universe through the transparent atmospheric window. Spectrum tailoring of the radiative cooler is the key to daytime radiative cooling in previously reported works. In addition, radiative coolers with large-scale fabrication and self-cleaning characteristics should be further developed to improve their industrial applicability. Herein, we propose a bilayer radiative cooling coating with the superhydrophobic property and a scalable process, by covering TiO2/acrylic resin paint with a silica/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (SiO2/P(VdF-HFP)) composite masking layer. The strong Mie scattering in TiO2/acrylic resin paint contributes to high solar reflection, while the SiO2/P(VdF-HFP) masking layer is responsible for superhydrophobicity and synergetic solar reflection in the ultraviolet band, resulting in an effective solar reflectivity of 94.0 % with an average emissivity of 97.1 % and superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 158.9°. Moreover, the as-fabricated coating can be cooled to nearly 5.8 °C below the temperature of commercial white paint and 2.7 °C below the local ambient temperature under average solar irradiance of over 700 W m−2. In addition, yearly energy saving of 29.0 %–55.9 % can be achieved after the coating is applied to buildings in Phoenix, Hong Kong, Singapore, Guangzhou, and Riyadh.
Electric vehicle wireless charging system for the foreign object detection with the inducted coil with magnetic field variation
Authors: Alshammari Abdulaziz , Chabaan Rakan C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Foreign object detection is one of the most critical issues in electric vehicle wireless charging systems. This article proposes a foreign object detection scheme with an induced coil in the charging system. The proposed method uses a multifunctional tunneling resistance sensor matrix to detect the presence of a foreign metal object between the coils. An asymmetrical induction coil design scheme is proposed to eliminate the blind area. The suggested method utilizes size-modulated c-shaped coil units to remove invisible zones that result from the magnetic field’s axial uniformity. The induced voltage in the transmission coil is measured using ANSYS/MAXWELL software. The experimental results show that the suggested method has a number of benefits over regular even-sensing coils, including higher uniformity in the induced current, position-dependent detection sensitivity, and detection accuracy. It provides a feasible and affordable way to get around the drawbacks of the traditional detecting coil.
Investigating effects of Lorentz forces and convective heating on ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over a curved surface using homotopy analysis method
Authors: Lone Showkat Ahmad , Allehiany F. M. , Anwar Sadia , Shahab Sana , Saeed Anwar , Eldin Sayed M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This work investigates the ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over an extending curved surface. The surface is impermeable and convective with hot working fluid water. Additionally,

TiO

2

{\text{TiO}}_{\text{2}}

,

CoFe

2

O

4

{\text{CoFe}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}

, and

MgO

\text{MgO}

nanoparticles are suspended with water to form a tri-hybrid nanofluid. The modeled equations are presented in the partial differential equation form and are then converted to ordinary differential equations with appropriate similarity variables. The semi-analytical solution is determined by homotopy analysis method. The impacts of magnetic field, Joule heating, chemical reaction, Brownian motion, and thermophoresis on flow profiles, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are determined using tables and figures. The findings of this study demonstrated that as the magnetic parameter upsurges, the velocity distribution shrinkages, while the temperature distribution escalates. The greater curvature factor boots the velocity, thermal, and volumetric fraction distribution. The thermal and volumetric fraction distributions are the increasing functions of thermophoresis factor. The higher magnetic factor, Eckert number, and thermal Biot number increase the Nusselt number, while they reduce the higher Brownian and thermophoretic factors. The higher thermophoresis and Brownian motion factors heighten the Sherwood number. Furthermore, it has been noted that using nanofluid (TiO2-water) and hybrid nanoliquid (TiO2-CoFe2O4/water), the transfer of energy rate increases by up to 17.31 and 31.72% as the nanoparticle parameter increases from 0.01 to 0.04, respectively. However, the energy transference rate in case of ternary hybrid nanoliquid (TiO2-MgO-CoFe2O4/water) is 47.972%.