bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Non-State Actors in Climate Policymaking
Authors: Michael Evans 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to explore the influence of non-state actors in climate policymaking.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the influence of non-state actors in climate policymaking. Preliminary empirical review revealed that non-state actors, including civil society organizations, corporations, cities, and transnational networks, exert considerable influence through various mechanisms such as advocacy, mobilization, technical expertise, and collaboration with governments. Their involvement is driven by diverse motivations, including environmental stewardship, economic interests, and the pursuit of social and ethical values. One key takeaway from this study is that non-state actors are not merely peripheral actors in the climate policy landscape; rather, they are central to the process of crafting effective climate policies. Their contributions span from raising public awareness and holding governments accountable to providing innovative solutions and pushing for ambitious climate targets. However, the extent of their influence can vary significantly depending on the specific context, the level of government involved, and the particular issue at hand.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Network Governance theory, Interest Group theory and the Policy Diffusion theory maybe used to anchor future studies on climate policymaking. Recommendations made from the study include the following: enhancing transparency and accountability, strengthening collaboration, promoting inclusivity, supporting capacity building and global knowledge sharing.
Energy Transition and its Impact on Employment in East Africa
Authors: Kevin A. Hughes Kevin A. Hughes 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to explore the energy transition and its impact on employment in East Africa.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to energy transition and its impact on employment in East Africa. Preliminary empirical review revealed that the energy transition presents a significant opportunity for East Africa to address its energy needs, combat climate change, and create employment opportunities for its growing population. However, realizing the full potential of this transition requires a coordinated effort from governments, businesses, and civil society. Policies and investments should be designed to ensure that the benefits are inclusive, reaching all segments of society, including women and marginalized communities. By addressing the challenges and leveraging the opportunities of the energy transition, East Africa can not only achieve its energy and environmental goals but also contribute to sustainable economic development and improved livelihoods for its people. This study serves as a foundation for further research and policy action in this critical area, emphasizing the need for a holistic and equitable approach to the energy transition in East Africa.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Human Capital theory, Structural Transformation theory and the Just Transition theory may be used to anchor future studies on energy transition and employment. The study made the following recommendations: investing in workforce development and training programs, promoting gender inclusive employment, facilitating just transition mechanisms, supporting community based renewable energy projects and fostering public-private partnerships.
CORRELATION BETWEEN HEPATIC STEATOSIS AND LIVER FIBROSIS WITH CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS AND CAROTID PLAQUES IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE
Authors: Tran Thi Khanh Tuong , Huynh Minh Duc , Tong Nguyen Diem Hong 
Published: December 2023

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the leading cause of chronic liver disease. Approximately 10 to 30% of patients with NAFLD progress to Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can lead to liver fibrosis, progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and eventually death. In addition, NAFLD also increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as angina, myocardial infarction and stroke 1.64 times higher than patients without NAFLD. Determining the correlation between NAFLD and carotid intima-media thickness will indirectly contribute to demonstrating the association between NAFLD and cardiovascular risk factors. Objectives: Determine the proportion of NAFLD patients with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) ≥ 0.8 mm. Investigation of the correlation between the hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis by FibroScan - CAP with CIMT in NAFLD patients. Determination of predictive risk factors of CIMT ≥ 0.8 mm in NAFLD patients. Method: Prospective study on 182 NAFLD patients aged 18 years and older who visited Dai Phuoc General Clinic from January 2023 to June 2023. Results: The proportion of NAFLD patients with CIMT ≥ 0.8 mm was 45.1%. The proportion of NAFLD patients with carotid atherosclerosis was 44.0%. There was a positive, strong correlation (r = 0.61) between the hepatic steatosis measured by FibroScan - CAP and CIMT in NAFLD patients. There is a positive, weak correlation (r = 0.37) between liver fibrosis measured by FibroScan and CIMT in NAFLD patients. Age, hypertension, central obesity, and hepatic steatosis were independent risk factors predicting CIMT ≥ 0.8 mm in NAFLD patients. Conclusion: There is a strong positive correlation between the hepatic steatosis measured by FibroScan - CAP and CIMT in NAFLD patients. Carotid doppler ultrasound to measure CIMT, evaluate carotid atherosclerosis should be undergone in NAFLD patients with risk factors such as older age, hypertension, central obesity and hepatic steatosis.
DIAGNOSTIC MODEL OF TALAROMYCOSIS IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS
Authors: Vo Trieu Ly , Vuong Minh Nhut , Nguyen Van Vinh Chau , Thuy Le 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Talaromycosis (formerly penicilliosis), one of the most important opportunistic infections in Southeast Asia, is a common cause of HIV-AIDS-associated death. The current diagnosis of Talaromyces marneffei relies on culture. As microbiological results are often late, taking up to 14 days for pathogens isolation, the mortality rate is high. Serum Mp1p ELISA test was used to determine an earlier diagnosis of Talaromycosis. The research objectives were: (1) to determine the cut-off value, sensitivity, and specificity of the Mp1p ELISA test in AIDS patients; (2) to develop diagnostic models (with and without Mp1p ELISA test) of talaromycosis in AIDS patients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study. HIV-infected patients aged ≥18 years with TCD4 <100 cells/mm3 admitted to Ward E, Hospital for Tropical Diseases from June 2017 to July 2019 were recruited. Data analysis using SPSS 25.0 software. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Youden index on the ROC curve was used to determine the cut-off value. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to determine the discrimination power between cases and controls. Chi-square test, odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval were used to find associations among variables. After multivariate analysis, the model of talaromycosis diagnosis was built by Monogram in R.3.6.3 software. Results: 533 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. 78.4% were male; the median age was 34 years (IQR: 29-40), and 77.5% were <40 years-old groups. 70 patients diagnosed with Talaromycosis were compared with other opportunistic infected participants (OIs).. The maximum Youden index=0,856 in correlation with the 0,22 OD cut-off value of serum Mp1p presents the highest sensitivity and specificity, with SEN = 88.6% and SPE = 97.0%, respectively. Two models (with and without serum Mp1p) were built based on the adjusted OR of risk factors. Two models based on living areas, skin lesions, low platelet, and Mp1p result. The two models have high accuracy in diagnostic talaromycosis. The SEN and SPEC of the model without Mp1p were 68.6% and 98.1%, and the SEN and SPEC of the model with Mp1p were 85.7% and 98.7%. Recommendation: Serum Mp1p ELISA as well as Diagnostic models of talaromycosis are considered as novel tools for early diagnosis of Talaromycosis in AIDS patients.
TB NOTIFICATION IN CHILDREN: THE EXPERIENCE OF TARGETED COMMUNITY DEMAND CREATION AMIDST INSECURITY IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Arinze Emmanuel Ajogwu  , Ikeru Adaeze  , Maryann Amaechi  , Jude A. Ilozumba  , Chukwuebuka Ugwu  , Susilo Wulan  , Uzoma Chidinma Ajegbo  , Obioma Chijioke-Akaniro  
Published: December 2023

This paper explores the challenges and successes of tuberculosis (TB) notification in children amidst a backdrop of insecurity in Imo State, Nigeria. Emphasizing targeted community demand creation strategies, the study investigates the intricate relationship between insecurity, community engagement, and pediatric TB detection. Drawing upon a comprehensive literature review, this research delves into the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of TB in children, the ramifications of insecurity on healthcare access in Imo State, and effective community engagement strategies in healthcare initiatives. The literature findings underscore the substantial burden of TB among children and the distinct hurdles faced in environments characterized by insecurity. The prevailing insecurity in Imo State significantly disrupts healthcare services, leading to delays in TB diagnosis and treatment initiation. Nevertheless, the review identifies community engagement approaches as a promising avenue for bolstering TB notification rates in pediatric populations. These approaches empower local communities to actively participate in the identification and management of TB cases, ultimately contributing to the enhancement of pediatric TB notification. A conceptual framework, derived from amalgamated literature, elucidates the intricate interplay between insecurity, community engagement, and TB notification. This study highlights the pivotal role of community-driven interventions in mitigating the challenges posed by insecurity in Imo State, Nigeria, and presents actionable recommendations for the development of healthcare policies and programs tailored to the region. This research not only augments our comprehension of TB notification among children within insecure contexts but also provides valuable insights into the broader domain of community-based healthcare interventions. It underscores the exigency for customized strategies to address TB in pediatric populations in regions marked by insecurity, ultimately contributing to the amelioration of health outcomes for children in Imo State, Nigeria, and analogous settings
Keywords: TB, Children, Community, Nigeria.
Distance Learning: Issues and Ways to Overcome Them
Authors: Buyanova Galina , Udalova Olena 
Published: December 2023

This paper explores the concept of "distance learning" and theoretical and practical approaches to studying the problems that arise for academic and educational professionals, as well as higher education students, when implementing distance learning technologies in the educational process of higher education institutions. Based on the results of our research, the advantages and problems of distance learning that affect the success of education in higher education institutions are justified and summarized, including technical, psycho-pedagogical, organizational, managerial, and others. The combination of this type of learning with traditional methods allows time for obtaining, exchanging, and processing acquired educational information and completing tasks. It also provides opportunities for better communication, socialization, collaborative work between teachers and higher education students, and receiving assistance when needed.
Promising directions for improving distance learning have been identified: ensuring reliable internet connectivity for all participants in the educational process, creating accessible basic content for educators with the use of quality scientific and methodological support, utilizing modern information technologies, effective teaching methods, and electronic resources that consider the specifics of the distance format, and enhancing the professional development of academic and educational professionals.
Implementation of Ukraine's State Policy in Innovative Practices of Educational Institutions in the Context of Digital Transformation
Authors: Zavalevskyi Yury , Kyrilenko Svitlana , Kijan Olga , Bessarab Nataliya 
Published: December 2023

In the article, the directions and strategic tasks of the state policy in the implementation of innovative practices of educational institutions, the direction of the ways of modernization of modern education in view of the integration of Ukraine into the European educational space are important; the views of scientists regarding the reform of the educational sphere were analyzed, especially the issues of digital transformation in education; new directions of program actions of the state, an effective management system for the innovative development of education in Ukraine in modern conditions, taking into account the European experience.
The requirements for scientific and theoretical substantiation and the development of a practical model for the modernization of comprehensive general secondary education and the improvement of the mechanism of regulation of modern innovative state practices, digitalization of new, new processes in educational institutions, and the regulatory tools of the state influence on this process have been determined.
Outlined specific tasks for the development of the educational process in educational institutions in the context of education reform in Ukraine, ensuring the functioning of the education system in the face of societal changes to implement state educational policies, innovative practices, scientific research, and methodological work.
Digitization based on the progressive development of network access technologies; semiconductor technologies; software and its cross-use, becomes an important condition in the field of education, and service models of interaction with users become the leading methods of communication.
Innovative educational projects are described, which highlight the general characteristics of innovations in education, the problems of their accounting and support; based on the analysis of the current state of implementation and dissemination of innovations in educational institutions within the limits of new means and directions of work, which cover all educational and methodological, educational activities of the school and lead to positive changes; modern approaches to the introduction of innovations into the system of general secondary education in Ukraine are formulated.
PREDICTORS OF COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE USE AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A QUANTITATIVE STUDY
Authors: BİLGİN Aylin , ÖZDEMİR Leyla , BAYSOY Kadir 
Published: December 2023

Objective: This research was aimed to investigate the effects of need-based, enabling, and predisposing factors on the use of complementary and alternative medicine that emerged only during the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare professionals.
Method: This study was conducted with a descriptive design. The General Self-Efficacy Scale was used to assess self-efficacy, the Coronavirus Fear Scale was used to assess fear, and the Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire was used to assess attitude. In total, 374 healthcare professionals were included. Data were collected according to the complementary and alternative medicine Healthcare Model. In the analysis of the data, mean and standard deviation (SD) are given for quantitative data and percentage is given for categorical data. In addition, multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed.
Results: 53.2% of the healthcare professionals reported the use of at least one form of complementary and alternative medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of complementary and alternative medicine showed a relationship between gender, the Coronavirus Fear Scale and the Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire scores in predisposing factors. An association between the use of complementary and alternative medicine and the occupation in enabling factors was observed. The use of complementary and alternative medicine was found related to the nature of the workplace in need-based factors. The use of complementary and alternative medicine showed no association with age, marital status, education level, working time, chronic conditions, COVID-19 diagnosis, working status and General Self-Efficacy scores of the healthcare professionals in the COVID-19 clinic.
Conclusion: This study concluded that fear associated with COVID-19 and a positive attitude toward complementary and alternative medicine resulted in increased use of complementary and alternative medicine. It was observed that the use of complementary and alternative medicine in health workers working in intensive care, female health workers and nurses was higher than the others.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS KELAS 9 DI SMP NEGERI 2 PALU
Authors: Indriasari Levy , Winerungan Robert , . Slat 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji Penerapan Pembelajaran Model Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Kelas 9 di SMP Negeri 2 Palu. Dengan materi antar ruang dan pengaruhnya terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat, Sub Materi Perdagangan Internasional. Pembelajaran. IPS sendiri ialah salah satu mata pelajaran yang memiliki sifat aplikatif. Oleh karena itu,. Model yang tepat yaitu model Problem Based Learning, Model ini mengkaitkan materi pembelajaran dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian ini salah satu kelas 9 yang ada di SMP Negeri 2 Palu. Perlakuan yang diberikan kepada subjek penelitian untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS dengan materi pokok perdagangan Internasional dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning.Temuan penelitian ini sebagai berikut: (1) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran menggunakan model Problem Based Learning sudah sesuai prosedur pelaksanaan pembelajaran.
Kata Kunci: Hasil Belajar IPS, model pembelajaran, problem based learning, motivasi belajar

ABSTRACT
This research aims to examine the application of the Problem Based Learning Model to increase student learning motivation in Class 9 Social Sciences subjects at SMP Negeri 2 Palu. With inter-space material and its influence on Community Welfare, International Trade Sub-Material. Learning. Social Sciences itself is a subject that has an applicable nature. Therefore,. The appropriate model is the Problem Based Learning model. This model links learning material with everyday life. This research is classroom action research (PTK). The subject of this research is one of class 9 at SMP Negeri 2 Palu. The treatment given to research subjects was to increase students' learning motivation in social studies subjects with the main material of international trade using the Problem Based Learning model. The findings of this research are as follows: (1) The implementation of learning using the Problem Based Learning model is in accordance with learning implementation procedures.
Keywords: Social Studies Learning Outcomes, learning models, problem based learning, learning motivation
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR AKUNTANSI PADA SISWA/I KELAS XI AKUNTANSI SMK NEGERI 1 PARIWISATA BIAK TAHUN PELAJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Lehtiany Maria Silvy , Wuisang Jerry , Korengkeng Nou 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian Tindakan kelas ini yaitu Implementasi Problem Based Learning dan Penggunaan Modul Akuntansi Bilingual Sebagai Media Pembelajaran untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Akuntansi Siswa pada Kompetensi Praktik Akuntansi Manual (Perusahaan Jasa) Kelas X1 Program Keahlian Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Pariwisata Biak Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023”.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning memberikan respon positif dari siswa sebanyak 97,8%. Pada indikator sikap siswa terhadap permasalahan yang disajikan sebanyak 18 siswa atau 81,82% memberikan respon yang positif. Hal ini menunjukan sebanyak 18 siswa atau 81,82% siswa kelas XI Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 pariwisata Biak memiliki ketertarikan yang tinggi dan sikap yang cukup antusias terhadap permasalahan atau kasus yang disajikan oleh guru.
Kata Kunci : Model Problem Based Learning, Prestasi belajar

ABSTRACT
"The aim of this classroom action research is the application of problem based learning and the use of bilingual accounting modules as a learning medium to improve students' accounting learning achievement in the Manual Accounting Practice Competency (Service Company) course."
The research results showed that the application of the Problem Based Learning Model gave a positive response by 97.8% of students. Judging from the indicators of students' attitudes towards the problems presented, 18 students or 81.82% gave positive responses. This shows as many as 18 students or 81.82% of the class
Keywords: Problem Based Learning Model, Learning Achievement