bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Predictive of Distant Metastases in Patients With Breast Cancer Who Have a Pathologic Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Gonzalez-Angulo Ana M. , McGuire Sean E. , Buchholz Thomas A. , Tucker Susan L. , Kuerer Henry M. , Rouzier Roman , Kau Shu-Wan , Huang Eugene H. , Morandi Paolo , Ocana Alberto , Cristofanilli Massimo , Valero Vicente , Buzdar Aman U. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose To identify clinicopathological factors predictive of distant metastasis in patients who had a pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC). Methods Retrospective review of 226 patients at our institution identified as having a pCR was performed. Clinical stage at diagnosis was I (2%), II (36%), IIIA (27%), IIIB (23%), and IIIC (12%). Eleven percent of all patients were inflammatory breast cancers (IBC). Ninety-five percent received anthracycline-based chemotherapy; 42% also received taxane-based therapy. The relationship of distant metastasis with clinicopathologic factors was evaluated, and Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of development of distant metastasis. Results Median follow-up was 63 months. There were 31 distant metastases. Ten-year distant metastasis-free rate was 82%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis using combined stage revealed that clinical stages IIIB, IIIC, and IBC (hazard ratio [HR], 4.24; 95% CI, 1.96 to 9.18; P < .0001), identification of ≤ 10 lymph nodes (HR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.40 to 6.15; P = .004), and premenopausal status (HR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.25 to 7.59; P = .015) predicted for distant metastasis. Freedom from distant metastasis at 10 years was 97% for no factors, 88% for one factor, 77% for two factors, and 31% for three factors (P < .0001). Conclusion A small percentage of breast cancer patients with pCR experience recurrence. We identified factors that independently predicted for distant metastasis development. Our data suggest that premenopausal patients with advanced local disease and suboptimal axillary node evaluation may be candidates for clinical trials to determine whether more aggressive or investigational adjuvant therapy will be of benefit.
Long-Term Results of a Randomized Trial on Extended Use of High Dose l-Asparaginase for Standard Risk Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Pession Andrea , Valsecchi Maria Grazia , Masera Giuseppe , Kamps Willem A. , Magyarosy Edina , Rizzari Carmelo , van Wering Elisabeth R. , Lo Nigro Luca , van der Does Anna , Locatelli Franco , Basso Giuseppe , Aricò Maurizio 
Published: September 2005

Purpose Between September 1991 and May 1997, within the International Berlin-Frankfurt-Muenster Study Group (I-BFM-SG), a randomized study was performed aimed at assessing the efficacy of prolonged use of high-dose l-asparaginase (HD-l-ASP) during continuation therapy in children with standard risk (SR) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), treated with a reduced BFM-type chemotherapy. Patients and Methods The Italian, Dutch, and Hungarian groups participated in this study denominated IDH-ALL-91, and 494 children were enrolled. Treatment consisted of a BFM-type modified backbone with omission of the IB part in induction and elimination of two doses of anthracyclines during reinduction in both arms at the beginning of continuation therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive (YES-ASP) or not (NO-ASP) 20 weekly HD-l-ASP (25,000 IU/m2). Results The event-free-survival and overall survival probabilities at 10 years for the entire group were 82.5% (1.8) and 90.3% (1.3), respectively. Of the 490 patients eligible for random assignment, 355 (72.4%) were randomly assigned (178 YES-ASP and 177 NO-ASP). After a median follow-up of 9 years, the probability of disease-free survival at 10 years was 87.5% (SE, 2.5) for YES-ASP arm versus 78.7% (SE, 3.3) for NO-ASP arm (P = .03). In multivariate analysis, NO-ASP arm (P = .03), male sex (P = .004), and age older than 10 years (P = .0003) had a significantly adverse impact on outcome. Conclusion In this subset of patients, selected with criteria not including monitoring of minimal residual disease, application of extended HD-l-ASP may improve prognosis, compensating reduced leukemia control that results from adoption of a reduced-intensity BFM-backbone for treatment of children with SR ALL.
Communicating Quality of Life Information to Cancer Patients: A Study of Six Presentation Formats
Authors: Brundage M. , Feldman-Stewart D. , Leis A. , Bezjak A. , Degner L. , Velji K. , Zetes-Zanatta L. , Tu D. , Ritvo P. , Pater J. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose To determine which formats for presenting health-related quality of life (HRQL) data are interpreted most accurately and are most preferred by cancer patients. Patients often want a great deal of information about cancer treatments, including information relevant to HRQL. Clinical trials provide methodologically sound HRQL data that may be useful to patients. Patients and Methods In a multicenter study, 198 patients with previously treated cancer participated in a structured interview. Participants judged HRQL information presented in one textual and five graphical formats. Outcome measures included the accuracy of patients' interpretations and ease-of-use and helpfulness ratings for each format. Results Correct interpretations ranged from 85% to 98% across formats (F = 10.3, P < .0001) with line graphs of mean HRQL scores over time being interpreted correctly most often. Older patients and less-educated patients were less likely to interpret graphs accurately (F = 7.3, P = .008; and F = 10.6, P = .001, respectively), but all groups were most accurate on simple line graphs. Multivariate analysis revealed that format type, participant age and education were independent predictors of accuracy rates. Patients' ratings also varied across formats both for ease of understanding scores (F = 12.1, P < .0001) and for helpfulness scores (F = 13.2, P < .0001), with line graphs being rated highest on both outcomes. Conclusion Patients generally prefer a simple linear representation of group mean HRQL scores, and can accurately interpret data presented in this format more than 98% of the time irrespective of their age group and educational level. The findings have important implications for the communication of clinical trial HRQL results.
Phase II Study of Doxorubicin and Bevacizumab for Patients With Metastatic Soft-Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: D'Adamo David R. , Anderson Sibyl E. , Albritton Karen , Yamada Jennifer , Riedel Elyn , Scheu Kelly , Schwartz Gary K. , Chen Helen , Maki Robert G. 
Published: September 2005

Purpose To evaluate the antitumor activity and tolerability of bevacizumab and doxorubicin in patients with metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). Patients and Methods Patients may have had up to one nonanthracycline line of therapy. Seventeen patients with metastatic STS were treated with doxorubicin at 75 mg/m2 intravenous (IV) push followed by bevacizumab 15 mg/kg IV every 3 weeks. Dexrazoxane was started for total doxorubicin dose exceeding 300 mg/m2. Results A total of 85 cycles of doxorubicin/bevacizumab were administered, median four cycles (range, one to 11), with three patients receiving one to four cycles of bevacizumab maintenance after reaching 600 mg/m2 doxorubicin. All 17 patients were assessable for response. Two partial responses (12%, 95% CI = 1% to 36%) were observed, lasting seven and 12 cycles of therapy. Eleven patients (65%) had stable disease for four cycles or more. Six patients developed cardiac toxicity grade 2 or greater, with four patients grade 2 (cumulative doxorubicin 75, 150, 300, 300 mg/m2, respectively), one grade 3 (total doxorubicin 591 mg/m2), and one grade 4 (total doxorubicin 420 mg/m2). One patient with extensive lung disease died of recurrent bilateral pneumothoraces, possibly treatment-related. Conclusion The 12% response rate for these patients was no greater than that observed for single-agent doxorubicin. However, the 65% of patients with stable disease lasting four cycles or longer suggests further study is warranted in STSs. The observed cardiac toxicity, despite close monitoring and standard use of dexrazoxane, obliges a change in the dose and/or schedule in future studies of this combination.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Chiral 1,2-Diamines Derived from α-Pinene
Authors: Suzuki Toshiaki , Shibata Akira , Morohashi Naoya , Ohba Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Direct diazidation of α-pinene (1) followed by reduction gave two novel 1,2-diamines (2a and 2b) whose absolute configuration were determined by 2D 1H NMR and X-ray crystallography.
Asymmetric 1,4-Addition of Arylboronic Acids to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes Catalyzed by a Chiral Diene–Rhodium Complex
Authors: Hayashi Tamio , Tokunaga Norihito , Okamoto Kazuhiro , Shintani Ryo 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Asymmetric 1,4-addition of arylboronic acids to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes proceeded in the presence of a rhodium catalyst (3 mol %) coordinated with a chiral diene ligand ((R,R)-Bn-bod*) to give the corresponding β-arylaldehydes with perfect 1,4-selectivity and with 88–97% enantioselectivity.
Fabrication of Metal Cadmium Nanowires by an Assistant Thermal Decomposition Method
Authors: Zhao Jian-wei , Ye Chang-hui , Fang Xiao-sheng , Yan Peng , Zhang Li-de 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Using a simple assistant thermal decomposition method, metal cadmium nanowires were large-scale fabricated from CdS powders in an argon atmosphere. Investigation results demonstrate that the Cd nanowires have lengths of several microns and diameter of about 70–150 nm.
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope Analysis of Antimony Porphyrin Chromophore Immobilized on Silica-gel Beads
Authors: Matsumoto Jin , Fuchikawa Tomokazu , Komiya Yasuhiro , Fueda Yoshiyuki , Matsumoto Tomoko , Shiragami Tsutomu , Yasuda Masahide 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Dihydroxoantimony(V) tetraphenylporphyrin chromophore (SbTPP) was immobilized on 3-aminopropyl-silica gel (NH2–SiO2) by the reaction of dihydroxoantimony [4-(N-succinimidyloxycarbonyl)phenyl]triphenylporphyrin with NH2–SiO2. Spectroscopic analysis of the complex by confocal laser scanning microscope suggested the interaction of SbTPP with the residual amino group on SiO2. The photoreaction of the complex with Et2NH induced the demetallation.
Efficient Oxidation of Alkane with O2 and H2 by Eu–Ti–Pt Catalytic System
Authors: Yamanaka Ichiro , Gomi Toshikazu , Nabeta Takashi , Otsuka Kiyoshi 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Alkane was efficiently oxidized to alcohol and ketone with O2 and H2 by EuCl3–TiO(acac)2–Pt/SiO2 catalytic system with very high H2-utilization efficiencies, 75% for adamantane and 60% for cyclohexane oxidations. ESR studies suggested that electrons originated in H2 effectively conducted to O2 through Pt, Eu3+/Eu2+, and Ti4+/Ti3+. Eu2+ and Ti3+ species reductively activated O2, generating active oxygen species.
Compression of Single Conjugated-polymer Nanoparticles with AFM Tips
Authors: Zhou Xingfei , Xu Hui , Fan Chunhai , Sun Jielin , Zhang Yi , Li Minqian , Shen Wenqing , Hu Jun 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
A water-soluble conjugated polymer, poly[lithium 5-methoxy-2-(4-sulfobutoxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MBL-PPV), spontaneously forms nanoparticles at flat mica surfaces. In this work, we manipulated single PPV nanoparticles with a modified version of AFM, our recently developed vibrating scanning polarization force microscopy (VSPFM). VSPFM provides a new way to obtain undistorted imaging of “soft” molecules at surfaces. We have demonstrated that we could stepwise compress a single PPV nanoparticle with an AFM tip and estimate its compression elasticity in a small force regime.
An Investigation into Merseyside General Dental Practitioners’ Interest in Primary Care Research, Their Views on Research and Their Training Needs
Authors: Palmer Nikolaus OA , Grieveson Brian 
Published: September 2005

Objectives The aims of this investigation were to evaluate the interests of primary care dental practitioners within the Mersey Postgraduate Deanery in research and their views on research, their experience and research training needs. Method A questionnaire was sent to all practitioners in the Mersey Deanery asking for views on dental research, whether they had been involved in any research projects or had any research training, and whether they would be interested in research training and being part of a primary dental care research network. Results A total of 192 practitioners from the 1120 in the Mersey Deanery expressed an interest in being involved in primary care research. Most believed that primary care research was very important in providing a stronger evidence-base in dentistry and improved quality of dental care. Over 50% of respondents were interested in collaborative research, provided that their income and time could be protected and it was part of the normal working day. Almost 25% had some research experience and a number had undergone research training, ranging from informal training to part of a degree. Conclusions A number of GDPs in the Mersey Deanery are interested in primary care research. With appropriate training, support and recognition within the new Personal Dental Services (PDS) contracts, there is a golden opportunity for more primary care dentists to participate in research. This, in time, will add to the evidence base in dentistry and should improve patient care.
Darbepoetin Alfa Therapeutic Interchange Protocol for Anemia in Dialysis
Authors: Brophy Donald F , Ripley Elizabeth BD , Kockler Denise R , Lee Seina , Proeschel Lori A 
Published: September 2005

BACKGROUND Erythropoiesis-stimulating proteins, such as erythropoietin alfa and darbepoetin alfa, have positively impacted anemia management. These medications improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Their costs, however, remain a major barrier for health systems. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the development, implementation, and cost-effectiveness of an inpatient therapeutic interchange protocol for erythropoiesis-stimulating proteins at a large, tertiary care, university-affiliated health system. METHODS Virginia Commonwealth University Health System (VCUHS) developed and implemented a therapeutic interchange program to convert therapy for all inpatients undergoing dialysis from erythropoietin alfa to darbepoetin alfa for treatment of chronic kidney disease–related anemia. An evaluation of the economic impact of this program on drug expenditures over a fiscal quarter (2003) was conducted using historical comparator data (2002). RESULTS Preliminary evaluation of the program demonstrated cost-savings and reduced drug utilization of erythropoiesis-stimulating proteins in hospitalized dialysis patients. For the first quarter of 2003 compared with the first quarter of 2002, VCUHS realized a cost-savings of nearly $10 000, which was related to the program's aggressive screening procedure. When these data were normalized for equal numbers of patients in each group receiving one of the drugs, the actual cost-savings was over $2000. These cost-savings are largely due to reduced utilization of these expensive biotechnology products with implementation of a dosing protocol. CONCLUSIONS VCUHS has successfully developed and implemented a darbepoetin alfa therapeutic interchange protocol for hospitalized dialysis patients. This has translated into reduced use of erythropoiesis-stimulating proteins, resulting in cost-savings for the health system.
On the Selection of Analysis Lines in Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Authors: Parsons M. L. , Smith B. W. , McElfresh P. M. 
Published: September 2005

A comprehensive study of theoretical atomic absorbances has been made for most analytically useful elements, the only exceptions being the rare earths. These data have been compared with experimentally determined atomic absorbances in many cases. The importance of the low lying energy levels has been emphasized as well as the need for better atomic transition probability data. The choice of analysis line is discussed from both the theoretical and experimental points of view, and tables of relative atomic absorbances are given with their temperature variations where appropriate.
Effect of Medium on the Intensity of Infrared Absorption Bands
Authors: Nasser M. I. 
Published: September 2005

The paper presents an extensive study of the solvent effect upon the intensity of ir absorption bands. Because of the special importance of the (X—H) bonds =C, O, H), this study is restricted to the (N—H) and the (O—H) bonds of diphenylamine and α-naphthol, respectively. An easy way to calculate the integrated intensity directly from the record chart, saving much time and effort and avoiding a source of appreciable error, has been developed. The determination of the intensity in the gas phase ( Ag) is difficult. An extrapolation method for determining ( Ag) is presented. The values found are: [Formula: see text] It is also found that the absolute solvent interactions play an important role in the intensity variation.
Atomization Chambers for Atomic Absorption Spectrochemical Analysis: A Review
Authors: Woodriff Ray 
Published: September 2005

Four types of atomization chambers for atomic absorption are reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of each are considered. The effects of chamber dimensions and sample introduction system are considered in relation to accuracy, sensitivity, and convenience. Relative sensitivity is more significant for real samples than absolute sensitivity. When peak heights are measured, the relative sensitivity is proportional to the atomizer chamber length. When peak area is measured, the relative sensitivity is proportional to the third power of the atomizer chamber length. Matrix materials in general affect the accuracy of determinations by changing the rate or time of atomization. Matrix effects are less serious with long tight tubes than they are for tubes with openings near the center.
Homocysteine and heart failure: a review of investigations from the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Sundström Johan , Vasan Ramachandran S. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractHigh plasma homocysteine levels are associated with a moderately increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly of atherosclerotic events. We review the association of plasma homocysteine with heart failure, with a specific focus on a series of previously published investigations from the community-based Framingham Heart Study that evaluated the relations of plasma homocysteine levels with overt heart failure, and with its key antecedents, echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) mass and hypertension. In the Framingham sample, higher plasma homocysteine levels were associated with increased risk of new-onset heart failure in both men and women, with a more continuous and graded relation being observed in women. A positive relation between homocysteine and LV mass was observed in women, but not in men; this may underlie the stronger relations of homocysteine to heart failure risk in women. Plasma homocysteine was not associated with hypertension incidence prospectively in either sex. The relations of increased homocysteine to heart failure (in both sexes) and to greater LV mass (in women) noted in the Framingham sample should be confirmed in other community-based samples. Secondary analyses of heart failure outcomes in ongoing randomized clinical trials may provide insights into whether lowering of plasma homocysteine levels is associated with a reduction in LV mass and/or a reduction of heart failure risk.
Vitamin B12 deficiency is the dominant nutritional cause of hyperhomocysteinemia in a folic acid-fortified population
Authors: Green Ralph , Miller Joshua W. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractPrevalence rates for folate deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia have been markedly reduced following the introduction of folic acid fortification in the United States. We report the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in a population of community-dwelling elderly Latinos in the post-folic acid fortification era. We measured homocysteine, total vitamin B
Homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B12 in relation to pre- and postnatal health aspects
Authors: Obeid Rima , Herrmann Wolfgang 
Published: September 2005

AbstractStudies linking hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) and B-vitamin deficiency to some health aspects in children have been accumulating. Low B-vitamin status inearly life, even as early as the time of conception, may endanger the potential for new life and may negatively influence the health of the offspring. Early abortion, pregnancy complications and poor pregnancy outcomes have been linked to elevated concentrations of total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) and low folate or vitamin B
Homocysteine in relation to cognitive performance in pathological and non-pathological conditions
Authors: Teunissen Charlotte E. , van Boxtel Martin P. J. , Jolles Jellemer , de Vente Jan , Vreeling Fred , Verhey Frans , Polman Chris H. , Dijkstra Christine D. , Blom Henk J. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractElevated serum homocysteine has been associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, elevated homocysteine levels are related to cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. The aim of the present study was to explore the disease specificity of the relation between serum total homocysteine levels and cognitive function. For this, we summarize data from several studies on homocysteine levels in both normal and pathological conditions performed in our laboratories and evaluate possible mechanisms of effects of elevated homocysteine levels in the central nervous system. Total homocysteine levels were measured in serum of: 1) healthy aging individuals; 2) patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease and patients with other cognitive disorders; and 3) patients with multiple sclerosis. Increased serum homocysteine concentration was related to worse cognitive performance over a 6-year period in the normal aging population (r=−0.36 to −0.14, p<0.01 for the Word learning tests; r=0.76, p<0.05 for the Stroop Colored Word test). Homocysteine was only increased in patients with Parkinson's disease on L-Dopa therapy (18.9 vs. 16.5μmol/L in healthy controls), and not in dementia patients. Homocysteine was elevated in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (15.0μmol/L, n=39, compared to 12.0 μmol/L in 45 controls) and correlated to both cognitive and motor function (r=−0.33 and −0.33, p<0.05, respectively). The relationship between homocysteine and cognitive function in non-pathological and pathological situations indicates that changes in its levels may play a role in cognitive functioning in a broad spectrum of conditions.