bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E‐mail therapy for anorexia nervosa: prospects and limitations
Authors: Yager Joel 
Published: May 2003

AbstractDemographic and clinical characteristics indicate high acceptance of e‐mail by outpatients with anorexia nervosa. Patients report that frequent e‐mail contact provides them with the experience of greater contact with their clinicians and requires them to be more attentive to therapeutic tasks. Routine logs of calorie counts and symptoms may be communicated by e‐mail on a frequent basis, freeing up office time for better discussions. Informal investigations in a case series of outpatients with anorexia nervosa suggest that e‐mail can offer a useful adjunct to treatment. No adverse consequences have been experienced. Clinicians using e‐mail in this fashion must attend to legal and ethical concerns about e‐mail communication. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Podocarpoxylon helmstedtianumGottwald from Kučlín (Late Eocene, Czech Republic) reinterpreted as Tetraclinoxylon vulcanensePrivé
Authors: Sakala J. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA big silicified trunk from the Late Eocene locality of Kučlín was originally identified as Podocarpoxylon helmstedtianum Gottwald and preliminarily associated with co‐occurring twigs and cone scales of Doliostrobus taxiformis (Sternb.) Z.Kvaček. However, the new diagnosis of the genus Doliostrobus, recently complemented by the characteristics of secondary wood of twigs, does not support such an attribution. On the basis of a new analysis of wood structures and comparisons, the fossil wood from Kučlín is reinterpreted as Tetraclinoxylon vulcanense Privé, and associated with twigs and seeds of Tetraclinis salicornioides (Unger) Z. Kvaček, the second conifer recorded at this locality.
Verbreitung und Differenzierung der mitteleuropäischen Unterarten von Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I. M. Johnst. (Boraginaceae)
Authors: Clermont A. , Hilger H. H. , Zippel E. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn Mitteleuropa sind zwei Unterarten des Ackersteinsamens (Buglossoides arvensis subsp. arvensis, B. arvensis subsp. sibthorpiana) verbreitet. Die molekularbiologische Untersuchung der nucleären ITS1‐Region von 55 mitteleuropäischen Belegen verdeutlicht die Eigenständigkeit der beiden Sippen. Innerhalb des 238 Basenpaare langen Markers unterscheiden sich die Unterarten durch 15 Substitutionen (6,4 %). Die Ergebnisse lassen den Schluss zu, dass die Unterarten bisher aufgrund ihrer morphologischen Plastizität oft verwechselt und Häufigkeit und Verbreitung der Subspecies sibthorpiana unterschätzt wurden. Morphologisch lassen sich die beiden Unterarten anhand folgender Merkmale unterscheiden: Buglossoides arvensis subsp. arvensis besitzt längliche Keimblätter, eine gerade Gynobasis, einen unverdickten, geraden Pedicellus sowie cremefarbene oder selten leicht rosa gefärbte Blüten. Buglossoides arvensis subsp. sibthorpiana zeichnet sich durch runde Keimblätter, eine zur Fruchtzeit leicht zur Blütenstandsachse geneigte Gynobasis, einen schiefen, verdickten Pedicellus an den unteren Früchten und blaue, rosa oder cremefarben gefärbte Blüten aus. Weiterhin unterscheiden sich die Unterarten in ihren ökologischen Ansprüchen: B. arvensis subsp. arvensis kommt nur als Ackerunkraut vor, B. arvensis subsp. sibthorpiana wächst sowohl auf Ackerstandorten als auch auf Trockenrasen, sandigen Ruderalflächen oder in trockenen, lichten Wäldern.
Leaf surface, pollen morphology, fungal biodiversity and leaf spots of some wild plants in Sinai, Egypt
Authors: El Naggar S. M. , Abdel Hafez S. I. I. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractLeaf surface, pollen morphology and fungal biodiversity as well as leaf spots have been investigated in four native species (Cleome amblyocarpa, Cleomaceae;Haplophyllumtuberculatum, Rutaceae;Pluchea dioscoridis, Asteraceae; andSolanum elaeagnifolium, Solanaceae) of the flora of Egypt. The mycological analysis of 40 samples of each leaves and anthers/pollen grains of the above four wild plants revealed the isolation of 61 fungal species and one variety belonging to 28 genera on plates of 2 % cellulose‐Czapek‐Dox agar at 25 °C. The most common fungi wereAlternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger,Cladosporium herbarumandFusarium oxysporumorF. solani. Also, some fungi were prevalent only on a specific taxon such asCochliobolus spiciferandMacrophomaphaseolinaon leaves ofSolanum elaeagnifolium,Aspergillus tamariiandA. terreuson the leaves and anthers/pollen ofPluchea dioscoridisandChaetomium globosum, Ch.jodhurenseandHumicola griseaon the anthers/pollen ofSolanum elaeagnifolium.The present results revealed that the size, density of hairs and sculptures of the leaf surface almost seem to be the most reliable factors of the fungal biodiversity on the studied plant species. On the other hand, scabrate pollen surface ofSolanum elaeagnifoliumhad a wider spectrum of fungal biodiversity and higher density of spores compared with other pollen surfaces in the examined taxa.Direct examination of leaves of the four plant species showed various degrees ofAlternaria, Cladosporium, Cochliobolus, Drechslera, PleosporaandUlocladium, leaf spots.
Fluid flow and heat transfer of natural convection around large horizontal cylinders: Experiments with air
Authors: Misumi Toshiyuki , Suzuki Koji , Kitamura Kenzo 
Published: May 2003

AbstractNatural convective flows of air around large horizontal cylinders were investigated experimentally. The main concerns were the turbulent transition mechanisms and the heat transfer characteristics of turbulent flows. The cylinders were heated with uniform heat flux and their diameters were varied from 200 to 1200 mm to enable experiments over a wide range of modified Rayleigh numbers, RaD* = 1.0 × 108 to 5.5 × 1011. The flow fields around the cylinders were visualized with smoke to investigate the turbulent transition mechanisms. The results show that three‐dimensional flow separations occur first at the trailing edge of the cylinder when RaD* exceeds 3.5 × 109, and the separation points shift upstream with increasing Rayleigh numbers. These separations become a trigger to the turbulent transition and transitional and turbulent flows appear downstream of the separations at higher Rayleigh numbers. However, they occupy a relatively small portion of the cylinder surfaces even at the maximum Rayleigh numbers of the present experiments. The local heat transfer coefficients were also measured. The results show that the coefficients are increased significantly in the transitional and turbulent regions compared with the laminar coefficients. Moreover, the present results for air were compared with previous results for water and the effects of Prandtl number on the flow and heat transfer were discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 32(4): 293–305, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10080
Experimental study of the flow boiling heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop due to the bubble behavior restricted by a screen sheet
Authors: Kadoguchi Katsuhiko , Tashiro Morifumi 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA unique method previously proposed by the authors was applied to the heat transfer augmentation in the flow boiling field. In this method a screen sheet was placed on the horizontal heated surface where bubble nucleation occurred. Generated vapor bubbles were trapped between the screen and the wall, became flat, and moved along the surface. This restricted bubble behavior caused the heat transfer enhancement. Three types of screen sheet were tested in the present experiment and the effect of the screen on the heat transfer and two‐phase flow characteristics was investigated. In two of these cases, the screen was displaced upward by the bubble nucleation. Compared with the ordinary flow boiling case, heat transfer was enhanced by a factor of 1.2 to 6 within the present experimental range. Using a simple flow model, it was made clear that the effect of the height of the displaced screen was important in evaluating the increase in pressure drop. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 32(4): 319–329, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10094
Heat transfer regulation in a rectangular enclosure using a rotating plate
Authors: Kimura Teruo , Takeuchi Masanori , Nagai Niroh , Kataoka Yoshiaki , Yoshida Tetsuya 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe effects of an inner rotating plate with horizontal axis on the heat transfer in a differentially heated vertical enclosure were investigated experimentally. The aspect ratio of the enclosure height/width was 1 throughout the experiments. An acrylic plate with a small thermal conductivity was installed horizontally at the center of the square enclosure, and was rotated at various speeds for normal and reverse rotations by using the motor attached outside of the enclosure. Purified water was used as the working fluid. The flow pattern was sketched by a visualization experiment using aluminum powder. The heat transfer results were also compared with those from a previous paper on a rotating cylinder. It is clarified here that the heat transfer rate of the enclosure depends largely on the parameter Grw/Reω2, and is characterized by three regions. The heat transfer rate of the enclosure with a rotating plate is somewhat larger than that of a rotating cylinder in the forced convection region. The rotating plate used here will be useful for regulation of wide‐ranging heat transfer. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 32(4): 342–353, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10099
Biomonitoring Survey of Trace Metal Pollution in Streams of a Catchment Draining a Zinc and Lead Mining Area of Upper Silesia, Poland Using the Amphipod Gammarus fossarum
Authors: Fialkowski Wojciech , Fialkowska Edyta , Smith Brian D. , Rainbow Philip S. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractWe have used accumulated metal concentration data to investigate variability in the bioavailabilities of cadmium, copper, lead, zinc and iron to the amphipod Gammarus fossarum inhabiting the Biala Przemsza river system draining an area of lead and zinc mining. The highest bioavailabilities of most of the metals were found in a stream carrying water from mine drainage and flotation processes. Significant amounts of bioavailable cadmium entered via another stream receiving waters from ore processing. The bioavailabilities of copper varied little, indicating the lack of a local point source of entry. All metals other than copper showed seasonal variations with the highest concentrations recorded in October. Comparative data show the Biala Przemsza system to be contaminated with cadmium, lead, zinc and iron. The data presented exemplify metal concentration ranges in G. fossarum inhabiting industrial areas, and can be used as a reference for future surveys involving this species in Central Europe.
Chromate tolerance caused by reduced hydroxyl radical production and decreased glutathione reductase activity in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Gazdag Zoltán , Pócsi István , Belágyi József , Emri Tamás , Blaskó Ágnes , Takács Krisztina , Pesti Miklós 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe stable Cr(VI)‐tolerant chr1‐66T mutant of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which carries one simple gene mutation responsible for Cr(VI) tolerance, accumulated and reduced the chromate anion (CrO42–) significantly more slowly than did its parental strain 6chr+. The mutant chr1‐66T proved to be sensitive to oxidative stressors such as H2O2, menadione, tert‐butyl hydroperoxide and Cd2+. Both the Cr(VI) tolerance and the oxidative stress sensitivity were attributed to a decreased specific glutathione reductase activity. These effects were also enhanced with a decrease in the specific mitochondrial Mn‐SOD activity.
Chiral separation of some non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs on tartardiamide DMB chiral stationary phase by HPLC
Authors: Aboul‐Enein Hassan Y. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSelected non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), namely racemic flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, fenprofen, tiaprofenic acid, ketoprofen, and tolmetin were resolved on Kromasil tartardiamide‐DMB chiral stationary phase. Optimum resolution was achieved using a mobile phase consisting of hexane: tert‐butyl methyl ether:acetic acid (75 : 25 : 0.1 v/v/v) at flow rate of 1 mL/min. The capacity (k), separation (α), and resolution factors (Rs) are reported. The mechanisms of chiral recognition between the analytes and the chiral selector are discussed.
Analysis of underivatized amino acids in protein hydrolysates for cosmetic application by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Fujiya Neide Mitsue , Tavares Marina Franco Maggi 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn this work, the use of two chromophores, 3,5‐dinitrobenzoate and phthalate, and the additives α‐cyclodextrin and methanol was investigated with the goal of developing three electrolyte systems for the capillary electrophoretic analysis of free underivatized amino acids in commercially available protein hydrolysates of diverse origin: keratin, silk fiber, milk, soybean, fish tissue, and cattle leather. Sixteen amino acids could be effectively separated by two distinct methods. Several amino acids were identified in the studied hydrolysates and confirmed by spiking techniques. As expected, those products which originated from acidic hydrolysis were richer in free amino acids than those which originated from enzymatic hydrolysis. The quantitative determination of Asp, Glu, Cys, Ser, and Pro in Queratan, a keratin hydrolysate, was also performed and some method validation parameters were established. The coefficient of variation for migration time was better than 1% for all amino acids except Asp, Leu, Lys, and Pro. Overall, peak height repeatability was slightly better than peak area. Calibration curves based on peak heights present a good fit, with coefficients of correlation better than 0.99. The LOD for the amino acids identified in Queratan ranged from 1.0 to 7.0 mg L–1.
The influence of internet‐retailing factors on price expectations
Authors: Grewal Dhruv , Munger Jeanne L. , Iyer Gopalkrishnan R. , Levy Michael 
Published: May 2003

AbstractInternet retailing has significantly changed the character of retail competition. More and more often, ordinary consumers, not just the technologically savvy ones, are making purchases over the Internet. The extent to which e‐tailers can build trust will significantly influence the willingness of consumers to make purchases over the Internet. As a result, it is important to better understand the factors that influence consumers' trust in e‐tailers. This research models the effects of store name, on‐line security guarantee, and money‐back guarantee on price expectations and willingness to buy. The results suggest that value‐enhancing approaches, like assurances of security encryption and money‐back guarantees, are more important for less well‐known e‐tailers than for their more famous competitors. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dynamic pricing in internet retail: Effects on consumer trust
Authors: Garbarino Ellen , Lee Olivia F. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIndividual‐level price discrimination, while not a new idea, is more than a theoretical possibility in the Internet age. Economic theory argues that dynamic pricing (i.e., individual‐level price discrimination) is inherently good for the profitability of the firm, because it allows the firm to capture a larger share of the consumer surplus, but anecdotal evidence from recent retail experiments with Internet‐based dynamic pricing suggests that consumers react strongly against this practice. Using a two‐dimensional conceptualization of trust, based on benevolence and competence trust, the current experiment examines how the experience of a dynamic pricing event and the direction of the pricing discrimination (i.e., whether one is offered the higher or the lower price) affects both the mean levels of trust and the weight given to the separate trust dimensions in the formation of overall trust. Because demand‐based pricing, such as dynamic pricing, is generally considered unfair, it is expected that trust levels will be lower and that more weight will be given to benevolence trust. Results show that mean benevolence trust is significantly lower (which leads to a marginal decrease in overall trust) and the weight given to benevolence trust in the formation of overall trust substantially increases. The direction‐of‐price‐discrimination effects are generally unsupported. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of computer anxiety on price value trade‐off in the on‐line environment
Authors: Suri Rajneesh , Lee Julie Anne , Manchanda Rajesh V. , Monroe Kent B. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis research adds to the understanding of how consumers' comfort with computers influences their evaluation of prices for goods offered over the Internet. The effect of computer anxiety, under different motivational conditions, on the evaluation of price for a product in an on‐line environment was examined with the use of an experimental design. The results indicate that computer anxiety interacts with motivation to influence price perceptions, in a manner consistent with predictions derived from the process theories of attitude formation and change. Specifically, in the high‐motivation condition, subjects with a greater level of computer anxiety viewed high price as indicative of higher value than those with less computer anxiety (who evaluated the low price as better value). In the low‐motivation condition, both groups linked high price with higher perceived quality than the low price level. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determinants of internet auction success and closing price: An exploratory study
Authors: Gilkeson James H. , Reynolds Kristy 
Published: May 2003

AbstractAlthough auctions have been examined extensively in economics, and to some degree in marketing, on‐line auctions are only beginning to receive research attention. Further, in both economics and marketing the research on auctions has relied primarily on rational, economic theories. This article investigates how particular on‐line auction features impact two important outcomes: auction success and final closing price. Traditional economic theories as well as theories from marketing and psychology are employed to provide a broader picture of on‐line auctions. Specifically, several key factors related to auction success and closing price for four types of sterling flatware in an on‐line auction site (eBay) are examined. The findings show that, across all four piece types, a reserve auction format, the relative opening price, and the number of bids unexplained by a low or high opening price are associated with both auction success and final closing price. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of poor microsurgical suture technique on tissue perfusion in a rat model
Authors: Krapohl Björn D. , Reichert Bert , Machens Hans‐Günther , Mailänder Peter 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate the effect of poor suture technique in microsurgical small‐vessel anastomosis on tissue microcirculation. Eighteen male Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into three groups of six animals each: sham control group, regular suture group (control), and inverting suture group. In the regular suture group, a standard single‐stitch suture technique was used for microsurgical reanastomosis of the transected common iliac artery. In the inverting suture group, a suture technique was applied inverting the vessel wall, thus simulating poor suture technique. After 24 h, intravital microcirculatory measurements were obtained in the cremaster muscle flap. The inverting suture caused a significant drop in capillary perfusion from 6.40 (sham control) and 5.65 (regular suture) to 1.81 capillaries per visual field (P < 0.005). A poor microsurgical anastomosis may result in a significant reduction of peripheral tissue perfusion, although blood flow through the main feeding vessel is maintained. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:141–146 2003
Biodegradable, thermosensitive implant for approximating cylindrical structures: A preliminary study
Authors: Leung P.C. , Yew David , Wu Chi , Peng Shu‐Tu 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA new invention, i.e., a biodegradable, thermosensitive hybrid gel composite in the form of a thin sheet, was used as an implant inside the rat and guinea pig to test its tissue reactions, degradation, and function as a bridging agent. Tissue tractions in subcutaneous tissue, in muscle, around a peripheral nerve, and around an artery were mild. Degradation made rapid progress, starting on the third day and completed in 2–3 weeks. The hybrid gel, when wrapped around the cut ends of a peripheral nerve or an artery, functioned well as a bridging tube. In the case of the cut nerve, regenerating fascicles crept through the tube which protected them from fibrosis. In the case of the cut artery, patency of flow was maintained, and arterial wall healing was complete in 2–3 weeks. The hybrid gel composite contracted at body temperature, thus holding well to body tissues. Its biodegradable and inert nature offers the potential for future use as a tissue wrap and bridging agent. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:123–129 2003
Synergistic effect of vincristine with tacrolimus or sirolimus in prevention of acute heart allograft rejection in the rat
Authors: Jiang Wenlei , Jiang Jingen , Xu Dasheng , Wang Xiang , Qi Shijie , Ouyang Jun , Ma Anlun , Vu Minh Diem , Bilolo Kupa K. , Chen Huifang 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe application of multiple immunosuppressive therapy for organ transplantation could enhance therapeutic efficacy, while minimizing the toxicity of individual drugs used in the regimen. In this study, the effect of the combined therapy of vincristine (VCR) with tacrolimus (FK506) or sirolimus (rapamycin, RAPA) was tested in prevention of acute heart allograft rejection in the rat. A Brown Norway (BN, RT 1n) to Lewis (LEW, RT 11) rat combination was used in a heart allografting model. VCR was administered intraperitoneally once daily, while FK506 and RAPA were given by gavage once daily for 14 days after transplantation. There were dose‐related prolongations of mean survival time (MST) to monotherapy of VCR, FK506, or RAPA. The MST in combination therapy indicated that a synergistic interaction was produced when compared with the respective monotherapies: VCR 0.05 mg/kg/day + FK506 0.5 mg/kg/day (16.00 ± 1.79 days, P = 0.001; combination index (CI) = 0.557); VCR 0.05 mg/kg/day + FK506 1.0 mg/kg/day (29.00 ± 10.54 days, P = 0.001; CI = 0.598); VCR 0.05 mg/kg/day + RAPA 0.2 mg/kg/day (17.33 ± 1.97 days, P = 0.001; CI = 0.500); and VCR 0.05 mg/kg/day + RAPA 0.4 mg/kg/day (21.17 ± 3.19 days, P = 0.001; CI = 0.838). Combination therapy of VCR and FK506 or RAPA produced synergistic effects in prevention of acute heart allograft rejection in the rat. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:117–122 2003
Microsurgery simulators in virtual reality: Review
Authors: Erel Ertan , Aiyenibe Babatunde , Butler Peter E.M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSurgical training is undergoing a rapid transformation, which has been influenced by advances in computer modeling. Increased pressure to reduce the use of animals in technical training has led to a new approach in teaching microsurgery. This new technology may prove to be a cost‐effective, portable, and nonhazardous way forward in microsurgical training. This paper reviews the current state of available technological models used in microsurgical training. In doing so, we review articles from the latest journals and authenticated Internet websites to compare and contrast these various methods. Finally, we look at the specific technique that has potential impact on the future modeling of microsurgical techniques. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:147–152 2003