bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health help-seeking knowledge, attitudes and behaviour among male elite rugby players: the role of masculine health-related values
Authors: Ojio Yasutaka , Amemiya Rei , Oliffe John L , Rice Simon M 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesMasculine norms of toughness and self-reliance can discourage help-seeking among elite athletes who are men. Effective ways to leverage masculine norms for help-seeking is a relatively unexplored area in athlete mental health. The study aimed to investigate how masculine health-related values measured by the Intentions Masculine Values Scale (IMVS) affect help-seeking behaviours among male elite rugby players.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 220 Japanese male elite rugby players in the Japan Rugby League One (response rate: 40.6%). Participants completed an online survey assessing help-seeking knowledge, attitudes and behaviours, along with masculine health-related values using the IMVS. Psychological safety within sports settings was evaluated using the Sport Psychological Safety Inventory (SPSI). Multiple regression analyses examined relationships between help-seeking behaviours and IMVS/SPSI.ResultsThe Open and Selfless IMVS value was significantly associated with help-seeking knowledge (β=0.059, p=0.009) and attitudes (β=0.064, p=0.006), increasing recognition of the need for help and willingness to seek it. However, no significant association with actual help-seeking behaviour was found (β=−0.006, p=0.774). The Healthy and Autonomous IMVS value was associated with lower help-seeking behaviour (β=0.060, p=0.010), indicating higher autonomy may inhibit seeking professional support. The SPSI was not significantly related to help-seeking measures.ConclusionFindings highlight critical gaps between intention and actual help-seeking behaviour among male elite athletes. Further research is needed to explore additional cultural and organisational factors that may better explain help-seeking behaviour and inform effective intervention strategies.
Illustrative case of prosopagnosia after diagnostic cerebral angiography and systematic review of transient cortical blindness after cerebral angiography
Authors: Lai Pui Man Rosalind , Levy Elad I 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTransient cortical blindness is a rare complication after cerebral angiography. We report an unusual case of face blindness (prosopagnosia) in a patient who underwent diagnostic cerebral angiography for an incidentally discovered left middle cerebral artery aneurysm. The patient experienced difficulty recognizing faces 3 hours postprocedure, with resolution of symptoms within 24 hours.ObjectiveTo carry out a systematic review of transient cortical blindness after cerebral angiography to investigate factors associated with, and management of, this rare phenomenon.MethodsThe review was conducted using PubMed and Embase, with search terms related to cerebral angiography and transient blindness. Included studies reported transient cortical blindness after diagnostic or interventional cerebral angiography and detailed patient demographics, procedural specifics, onset and resolution of blindness, and postprocedural imaging findings.ResultsTwenty-two articles involving 63 patients were identified. Most cases (n=54, 85.7%) were associated with diagnostic procedures. All nine interventional cases involved cerebral aneurysm treatments. Forty-two (66.7%) patients experienced complete blindness, with an average onset of 2 hours postprocedure and resolution within 82 hours (range 6 hours–21 days). Postprocedural neuroimaging abnormalities were observed in 24 (53.3%) cases, mainly showing contrast enhancement in the occipital lobe. All patients recovered vision.ConclusionsOur review highlights the rarity of prosopagnosia after cerebral angiography, a rare variant of cortical blindness. The findings suggest that cortical blindness resolves spontaneously within a short period. Although complete visual loss is more commonly reported in the literature, facial recognition deficits are rare. Awareness of transient cortical blindness after cerebral angiography is essential for accurate diagnosis and management.
Embolic risk management in infective endocarditis: predicting the ‘embolic roulette’
Authors: Serban Adela Mihaela , Pepine Diana , Inceu Andreea , Dadarlat Alexandra , Achim Alexandru 
Published: January 2025

Life-threatening complications of infective endocarditis (IE,) are heart failure, uncontrolled infection and embolic events (EE), which pose significant morbidity and mortality risks. EE from vegetation rupture are frequent, occurring in more than 50% of patients and can lead to ischaemic stroke and systemic organ infarctions, contributing to poor patient outcomes. Early identification and characterisation of embolic risk factors, including vegetation size, mobility and echogenicity assessed through transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography, but also certain pathogens and biomarkers are important for guiding clinical decisions. The latest European Guidelines recommendations emphasise the role of imaging modalities like CT and MRI in detecting silent emboli and guiding therapeutic interventions, including the timely consideration of surgical options to mitigate embolic risks. In this regard, embolic vascular dissemination—including asymptomatic cases detected through multimodality imaging—has been introduced as a new minor criterion for the diagnosis of IE.Depending on the location and severity of the embolism, the embolic risk can either escalate or alternatively, complicate and delay cardiac surgery. The decision to proceed with surgery should not hinge solely on the occurrence of an embolic event, although current guidelines often emphasise this criterion. Therefore, future perspectives should focus on identifying high-risk profiles for EE and investigating whether early surgical intervention benefits these patients, even if they respond favourably to antibiotic therapy. This review explores current literature on echocardiographic and biomarker predictors of EE in IE, aiming to enhance clinical strategies for mitigating embolic complications and improving patient outcomes.
Enteral and parenteral nutrition in patients with cancer: complication rates compared—updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chow Ronald , Im James H B , Arends Jann , Del Fabbro Egidio , Mortensen-Truscott Lukas , Qeska Denis , Balaji Shilpa , Walsh Chris , Watson Geoffrey , Lock Michael , Prsic Elizabeth , Eng Lawson , Zimmermann Camilla , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the complication rates of enteral nutrition (EN) (oral or tube feeding (TF)) and parenteral nutrition (PN) in patients with any cancer.MethodsA systematic review of the literature until 2024 was conducted, including randomised controlled trials comparing EN and PN with respect to one or more of four endpoints: (1) infection, (2) nutrition support complications, (3) major complications and (4) mortality. A meta-analysis was conducted to generate summary effect estimates. Analysis was stratified by paediatric (≤21 years old) versus adults (>21 years old) patients. Subgroup analyses were conducted, based on including patients with (vs without) protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) and type of EN. Cumulative meta-analysis and leave-one-out analysis was conducted. Type I error was set at 0.05.Results49 studies reporting on 6361 patients were included: 41 reported on adults and 8 on children. Among adults, the infection rate was higher for PN compared with EN (risk ratio=1.07, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.14), with no differences in rates of nutrition support complications, major complications or mortality. Among children, there were no differences in all four endpoints. On cumulative meta-analysis, EN was overall marginally superior to PN for infection, although results fluctuated over time between superiority and no difference. Subgroup analysis found no differences in effects among patients with (vs without) PEM and patients provided with EN options of standard care versus TF.DiscussionFrom the perspective of complications, EN and PN are equivalent, with EN demonstrating marginal superiority for infection among adults.
Shocks to CEO Political Alignment and Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from the 2008 and 2016 Presidential Elections
Authors: Gong Yi , Wilson Mark , Zhang Lijuan 
Published: January 2025

Synopsis The research problem We examined the influence of changes in CEOs’ political alignment with the White House on firms’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance, and the underlying reasons for this relationship. Theoretical reasoning Presidential elections that shift control of the White House often alter CEOs’ alignment with the presidency, influencing their motivations to invest in CSR. Firms with CEOs aligned with the newly elected president (newly aligned firms) may anticipate economic benefits, such as favorable regulation, but also face increased public scrutiny. The enhanced operating environment may reduce their incentives to use CSR to mitigate product market, litigation, and capital market pressures. Conversely, heightened scrutiny may prompt their greater CSR investment. Firms with CEOs aligned with the outgoing president (newly unaligned firms) encounter directionally opposite incentives, for example, reduced economic benefits from connection with power and lower scrutiny. Both groups of politically active firms may benefit from superior access to legislative information following the transition of power. The test hypotheses We state our hypotheses in the null form, predicting that there is no difference in the postelection change of CSR performance between newly aligned (newly unaligned) firms and nonpartisan firms whose CEO political alignment with the White House did not change as a result of the 2008 or 2016 elections. Target population Our sample consists of 12,234 firm-year observations drawn from the three-year periods immediately surrounding the 2008 and 2016 elections and includes 2086 (1935) firm-year observations with newly aligned (newly unaligned) CEOs and 8213 cases with nonpartisan CEOs. Adopted methodology We employed a difference-in-differences research design to examine the difference in CSR performance between the pre-election period (the election year −3 to −1) and the postelection period (the election year +1 to +3) in newly aligned (newly unaligned) firms relative to firms with nonpartisan CEOs. Analyses and findings We found that both newly aligned and newly unaligned firms significantly improved their CSR performance following elections where control of the White House changes, relative to nonpartisan firms. This association is more pronounced for less financially constrained firms and those in politically sensitive industries. Further analysis shows that newly aligned firms enhance CSR to mitigate public scrutiny and leverage superior legislative information, while newly unaligned firms invest in CSR to reduce their cost of capital and litigation risk.
Hepatocellular carcinoma with multiple primary malignancy: A Retrospective Study of 106 Cases
Authors: Li Yifei , Feng Liuxing , Lin Chundong , Wu Lupeng 
Published: January 2025

Background: Multiple primary malignancies (MPM) are a rare scenario, particularly in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Research addressing MPM patients with HCC is limited. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective study to explore the clinical features and outcomes of MPM patients involving HCC.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed records of patients diagnosed with HCC from January 2013 to October 2023 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University. HCC patients with extrahepatic tumors were identified. Their clinical characteristics and survival data were were further analyzed.
Results:Among the 1556 patients with HCC, 106 (6.8%) were identified with EHPM, of which 29 were synchronous and 77 were metachronous. A total of 96 patients had double primary cancers, and 10 patients had triple primary cancers. The most common EHPMs were lung cancer (15%), followed by colorectal tumors and stomach cancer. Compared with the synchronous group, the curative treatment rate of HCC and EHPM in the metachronous group is higher. During follow-up period, 29 patients died, of which 20 (69%) died from HCC-related causes. The median overall survival (OS) time was 88 months, with 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year cumulative survival rates of 92.4%, 88%, 82.5%, and 69.6%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year HCC-specific OS (HOS) rates were 81.8%, 75.8%, and 71.9%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that Child-Pugh class (B-C), HCC tumor size >5cm, non-radical treatment for HCC or EHPM, HCC recurrence, BCLC staging (C-D), and synchronous appearance were significantly associated with shorter OS and HOS. Factors such as Childs class, tumor size, treatment modality, and synchronous presentation were identified as independent predictors of OS through Cox analysis. Childs class, tumor size, non-radical treatment, BCLC staging, and HCC recurrence were found to be independent factors affecting HOS.
Conclusions: The occurrence of extrahepatic primary tumors is not rare, underscoring the importance for oncologists being alert to the development of secondary tumor development in HCC patients. However, the co-occurrence of other primary tumors alongside HCC does not appear to worsen patient prognosis. Notably, curative resection, where feasible, emerges as a vital factor in extending patient survival.
Functional Brain Networks Underlying Autobiographical Event Simulation: An Update
Authors: Momeni Ava , Addis Donna Rose , Feredoes Eva , Klepel Florentine , Rasheed Maiya M. , Chinchani Abhijit M. , Kousssis Nikitas C. , Woodward Todd S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
fMRI studies typically explore changes in the BOLD signal underlying discrete cognitive processes that occur over milliseconds to a few seconds. However, autobiographical cognition is a protracted process and requires fMRI tasks with longer trials to capture the temporal dynamics of the underlying brain networks. In the current study, we provided an updated analysis of the fMRI data obtained from a published autobiographical event simulation study, with a slow event-related design (34-sec trials), that involved participants recalling past, imagining past, and imagining future autobiographical events, as well as completing a semantic association control task. Our updated analysis using Constrained Principal Component Analysis for fMRI retrieved two networks reported in the original study: (1) the default mode network, which activated during the autobiographical event simulation conditions but deactivated during the control condition, and (2) the multiple demand network, which activated early in all conditions during the construction of the required representations (i.e., autobiographical events or semantic associates). Two novel networks also emerged: (1) the Response Network, which activated during the scale-rating phase, and (2) the Maintaining Internal Attention Network, which, while active in all conditions during the elaboration of details associated with the simulated events, was more strongly engaged during the imagination and semantic association control conditions. Our findings suggest that the default mode network does not support autobiographical simulation alone, but it co-activates with the multiple demand network and Maintaining Internal Attention Network, with the timing of activations depending on evolving task demands during the simulation process.
Young Children’s Understanding of Helping as Increasing Another Agent’s Utility
Authors: Schlingloff-Nemecz Laura , Pomiechowska Barbara , Tatone Denis , Revencu Barbu , Mészégető Dorottya , Csibra Gergely 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Instrumental helping is one of the paradigmatic “prosocial” behaviors featured in developmental research on sociomoral reasoning, but not much is known about how children recognize instances of helping behaviors or understand the term ‘help’. Here, we examined whether young children represent helping as a second-order goal and take it to mean increasing the utility of another agent. In Study 1, we tested whether 12-month-old infants would expect an agent who previously helped to perform an action that reduced the Helpee’s action cost. We found that while infants expected agents to act individually efficiently (Experiment 1C), they did not expect the agent to choose the action that maximally reduced the Helpee’s cost compared to an action that reduced the cost less (Experiment 1A) or not at all (Experiment 1B). In Study 2, we examined whether three-year-old preschoolers (1) maximize a Helpee’s cost reduction when prompted to help in a first-person task, and (2) identify in a third-party context which of two agents, performing superficially similar behaviors with varying effects on the Helpee’s action options, actually helped. Contrary to our predictions, preschoolers did not help in a way that maximally reduced the Helpee’s cost in (1). In (2), however, they indicated that the agent who reduced the Helpee’s action cost was the one who helped. Taken together, these results support the proposal that, at least by preschool age, children possess a second-order utility-based concept of helping, but that they may not exhibit efficiency when choosing their own helping actions.
Isolation, screening, and characterization of heavy metal-resistant bacteria from solid waste dumping sites in Central Gondar, Northwest, Ethiopia
Authors: Dinku Abebech , Jiru Tamene Milkessa 
Published: January 2025

Objective Heavy metal pollution is one of the more recent problems of environmental degradation caused by rapid industrialization and human activity. The objective of this study was to isolate, screen, and characterize heavy metal-resistant bacteria from solid waste disposal sites. Methods In this study, a total of 18 soil samples were randomly selected from mechanical sites, metal workshops, and agricultural land that received wastewater irrigation. Isolation and screening of the isolates were based on multiple heavy metal (copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb)) resistance potential. Morphological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing techniques were used to identify the isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the potential isolates was further examined at various concentrations (3, 6, 12, 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL). Each isolate's ability to biodegrade and resist antibiotics was also examined. Results About 21 bacterial isolates were obtained. Among these, six potential isolates (Agri10−2Is2, Agri10−3Is2, Agri10−3Is1, AL10−1Is2, AL10−3Is1, and GA10−2Is1) were selected. The isolates displayed varied colony morphologies and biochemical characterization features. Phylogenetic tree results revealed that Agri10−2Is2, Agri10−3Is2, Agri10−3Is1, AL10−1Is2, AL10−3Is1, and GA10−2Is1 were identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus species, Bacillus tequilensis, Klebiesella species, and Cronobacter sakazakii, respectively. Every isolate gave a different MIC value. The biodegradation capacity of Agri10−2Is2, Agri10−3Is2, Agri10−3Is1, AL10−1Is2, AL10−3Is1, and GA10−2Is1 was 92.2%, 92.57%, 92.37%, 92.66%, 92.85%, and 92.52% against Cu; 95.07%, 94.07%, 93.07%, 93.4%, 91.4%, and 94.4% on Cr; and 95.51%, 94.53%, 95.62%, 96.87%, 94.86%, and 97.09% against Pb, respectively. All isolates were found to be resistant to the tested antibiotics. Conclusion This study concludes that the selected bacterial isolates could be potential agents for bioremediation of heavy metal-polluted environments.
Correlation study between magnetic resonance imaging-quantitated cardiac iron deposition and left ventricular function in patients with β-thalassemia major in China
Authors: Peng Shuai , Xu Fengming , Yang Guangxin , Zhang Yanyan , Tang Qin , Liu Rongrong , Peng Peng 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To explore the correlation between cardiac iron deposition and left ventricular function indicators, such as left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, left ventricular end-systolic volume index, and left ventricular ejection fraction, and to evaluate the accuracy of predicting patients with cardiac iron deposition by using left ventricular ejection fraction as an index. Methods: This quantitative cross-sectional study involved one hundred and fifty transfusion-dependent patients with β-thalassemia major who were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging to obtain T2* values, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, left ventricular end-systolic volume index, and left ventricular ejection fraction. The relationship between cardiac R2* values and left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, left ventricular end-systolic volume index, and left ventricular ejection fraction was analyzed. Results: Out of the 150 patients, cardiac iron overload was not observed for 92 patients, 42 patients exhibited mild to moderate cardiac iron overload, and 16 patients were severe cardiac iron overloaded. A linear correlation was not observed between the cardiac R2* values and left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, left ventricular end-systolic volume index, and left ventricular ejection fraction ( P > 0.05). For the left ventricular ejection fraction index, the sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and the agreement rate were 83.3%, 63.2%, 8.6%, 98.9%, and 64.0%, respectively; also, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.348. Conclusions: A linear correlation was not observed between cardiac R2* values and left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, left ventricular end-systolic volume index, and left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with β-thalassemia major. Therefore, using left ventricular ejection fraction as an indirect index to predict cardiac iron deposition may be not reliable in clinical practice.
Investigating effect of tool geometry on drilling performance of carbon fiber-reinforced polypropylene thermoplastic composite
Authors: Pathak Shashi R , Malik Anup , Mali Harlal S 
Published: January 2025

The current research explores the impact of tool geometry on the drilling performance of carbon fiber-reinforced polypropylene thermoplastic composite. Three distinct tools, namely conventional twist drill (CTD), split point drill (SPD), and brad spur drill (BSD), were used to investigate their geometrical effect on the critical parameters such as drilling temperature (DT), thrust force (TF), exit delamination factor (EDF), and surface roughness (SR). Increasing spindle speed caused the drilling temperature to increase, while increasing the feed rate caused it to decrease. Thrust force increased and decreased in response to increased feed rate and spindle speed, respectively. The exit delamination factor decreased by changing the feed rate from 60 mm/min to 120 mm/min and again started to increase up to 180 mm/min. Surface roughness increased as the feed rate increased from 60 to 120 mm/min and then decreased when the feed rate increased from 120 to 180 mm/min. Drilling with Brad spur tool with a feed rate of 60 mm/min and a spindle speed of 900 rpm provided the optimized result. Compared to the conventional twist drill, the brad spur drill produced 37.72%, 49.53%, 16.67%, and 34.25% less drilling temperature, thrust force, exit delamination factor, and surface roughness, respectively.