bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irrigation response to drought in the Western United States, 1987–2021
Authors: Ketchum David , Hoylman Zachary H. , Brinkerhoff Douglas , Huntington Justin , Maneta Marco P. , Kimball John , Jencso Kelsey 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Western United States (U.S.) relies heavily on scarce water resources for both ecological services and irrigation. However, the response of irrigation water use during drought is not well documented. Irrigation decision‐making is complex and influenced by human and environmental factors such as water deliveries, crop yields, equipment, labor, crop prices, and climate variability. While few irrigation districts have plans to curtail water deliveries during droughts, water rights, fallowing patterns, crop rotations, and profit expectations also influence irrigation management at the farm scale. This study uses high‐resolution satellite data to examine the response of irrigators to drought by using a novel measure of irrigation management, the Standardized Irrigation Management Index. We assess the state of drought at the field and basin scales in terms of climate and streamflow and analyze the importance of variations in crop price and drought status on decision‐making and water use. We show significant variability in field‐scale response to drought and that crop type, irrigation type, and federal management explain regional and field‐scale differences. The relative influence of climate and prices on crop transitions indicate prices more strongly drive crop planting decisions. The study provides insights into irrigation management during drought, which is crucial for sustainable water supply in the face of the ongoing water supply crisis in the U.S. Southwest.
A study protocol for an open‐label, single‐arm, single‐center phase I clinical study on tolerability, safety, and efficacy of dalpiciclib combined with apatinib in the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic sarcoma
Authors: Huang Huiying , Zhang Hua , Cao Baoshan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe prognosis of patients with advanced or metastatic sarcoma is very poor, and a new strategy for patients who fail systemic treatment is urgently required. Apatinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of VEGFR‐2, which can exert an antitumor effect by blocking downstream PI3K/AKT and VEGFR2/STAT3 signaling pathways of sarcoma. Dysregulation of the cyclin D (CCND)‐cyclin‐dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6)‐retinoblastoma 1 (Rb) pathway is highly prevalent in sarcoma. Thus, blocking VEGFR2 and CDK4/6 may exert a synergistic effect. We hypothesize that a combination of apatinib and dalpiciclib, an oral, highly effective, and selective small molecule CDK4/6 inhibitor, may result in higher antitumor efficacy in patients with refractory sarcoma.MethodsIn this open‐label, single‐arm, single‐center phase I trial, participants diagnosed with sarcoma who failed standard systemic treatment will be enrolled. Dose escalation will be conducted into three groups according to traditional 3 + 3 principle: dose 1, dalpiciclib 100 mg once daily oral d1‐21+ apatinib 250 mg once daily oral d1‐28, every 28 days as one cycle; dose 2, dalpiciclib 100 mg d1‐21+ apatinib 500 mg d1–28; dose 3, dalpiciclib 150 mg d–21+ apatinib 500 mg d1–28. The primary endpoint is the safety and tolerability of combined treatment. The secondary endpoint is to evaluate the initial efficacy, including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DoR), and progression‐free survival (PFS).DiscussionThis trial will provide evidence of the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of dalpiciclib in combination with apatinib in metastatic sarcoma patients who have failed first‐line systemic treatment.
Causal effects of gut microbiota in the development of lung cancer and its histological subtypes: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ma Yunlei , Deng Yuqing , Shao Tingting , Cui Yong , Shen Yefeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundNumerous studies have characterized the gut microbiome (GM) in lung cancer (LC). Yet, the causality between GM and LC and its subtypes remain uncharacterized.MethodsTwo‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was designed to investigate the causal relationship between the GM and LC and its subtypes, using publicly available summary data of genome‐wide association studies. The researchers ran two groups of MR analyses, including the genome‐wide statistical significance threshold (5 × 10−8) and the locus‐wide significance level (1 × 10−5).ResultsUsing MR analysis, we ascertained 42 groups of GM that are intimately linked to LC and its subtypes at the locus‐wide significance level. Of the 42 groups, 12 were in LC, nine in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), six in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), two in lung adenocarcinomas, and 13 in lung squamous carcinomas. After false discovery rate correction, we still found a remarkable causal interaction between the Eubacterium ruminantium group and SCLC. Moreover, five groups of GM closely linked to LC and its subtypes were recognised at the genome‐wide statistical significance threshold. This finding included one group each in LC, NSCLC and SCLC, two groups in lung adenocarcinoma and none in lung squamous carcinoma. None of the foregoing findings were heterogeneous or horizontal pleiotropy. Reverse MR revealed that genetic susceptibility to LC and its subtypes caused significant changes in three groups of GM.ConclusionOur findings substantiate the causality between GM and LC and its subtypes. This study offers fresh insights into the function of GM in mediating the progression of LC.
Revealing new insights into Red‐bellied Macaw foraging ecology through citizen photography
Authors: Silva Paulo Antonio , da Silva Júnior Gilberto Nogueira , Santos Lucas Sobral , Brito Lucilene 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSocial media platforms focused on wildlife photography have become valuable ecological data sources through citizen science. In this study, we utilized photos shared by citizens on iNaturalist and WikiAves to analyse the interactions of the Red‐bellied Macaw (Orthopsittaca manilatus Boddaert, 1783) with its food plants. Despite being recognized as specialists in Mauritia flexuosa L.f. palm fruits, our findings suggest some flexibility in the foraging behaviour of the macaws. The photos indicate that palm fruits are an essential food source (20 taxa; highlight the native species M. flexuosa, Euterpe spp., Elaeis oleifera, and Syagrus spp.) in the Cerrado and Amazon biomes. It also confirms the predominance of M. flexuosa ripe pulp fruits in their diet, encompassing 45.2% of the 414 analysed photographs. The results highlight the potential role of the Red‐bellied Macaw in seed dispersal (stomatochory) for various palm species and reveal the consumption of new food sources such as flowers (present in 8% of photos) and alien plants, including the fruits of cultivated Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R. Br. Ex Mart. palm (10.9%). Our photo analysis provided a comprehensive overview of Red‐bellied Macaws feeding in diverse localities (141 municipalities in 15 Brazilian states) and at different times. As a result, there is a consistent seasonal variation in foraging in the strongly seasonal Cerrado biome, for example, feeding on alien‐cultivated palm fruits in urban areas during the driest period, particularly L. chinensis. Through this photographic approach, we expanded knowledge of the macaw's food plants by 85.7%, now encompassing 26 species compared to the initial 14 documented species. This study underscores the relevance of citizen science in obtaining novel dietary data and deepening our understanding of ecological patterns in specialized species, emphasizing the significance of considerate plant‐bird relationships to support conservation efforts.
Factors influencing the outcome of nonsurgical root canal treatment and retreatment: A retrospective study
Authors: Vieira Adalberto R. , Pacheco‐Yanes Juan , Gazzaneo Isbelia D. , Neves Mônica A. S. , Siqueira José F. , Gonçalves Lucio S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study assessed the influence of diverse variables on the outcome of nonsurgical root canal treatment/retreatment. In general, 304 teeth from 218 patients were treated/retreated and the outcome evaluated by the periapical index (PAI). Teeth with apical periodontitis lesions that have not completely healed were classified as success or failure based on lenient and rigid criteria, respectively. Findings were evaluated using a logistic regression analysis. The overall success rates were 74% and 82% using the PAI‐rigid and lenient success criteria, respectively. Specifically for treatment, the success rates were 73% (rigid) and 82% (lenient), while for retreatment they were 78% (rigid) and 83% (lenient). The treatment outcome was negatively affected by overextension, presence of preoperative lesion, lesion size >10 mm, and higher number of treatment visits (with no intracanal medication). Regarding retreatment, the chance of success was greater for teeth with adequate coronal restorations.
Home‐based video assessment of children's autism‐related behaviours: Psychometric analysis and linkages with parental responsiveness and context
Authors: Wood Jeffrey J. , Danial John , Wolpe Samara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesAssessment of autism‐related behaviours (ARBs) in children has generally been limited to direct observations in clinical settings or informant‐based reports. The widespread availability of video‐streaming devices has made home observations of children's ARBs feasible. This approach could enable assessment of the generalization and durability of interventions and may be able to overcome methodological limitations of predominant current assessment approaches (response biases, limited sensitivity to treatment).Design and MethodsForty‐four autistic children and their families participated in a repeated‐measures study with a correlational design. Approximately 10 hr of unprompted behaviour at home were videorecorded over the course of a week (2 hr per day) for each participant. Gold standard measures of ARBs were also administered (ADOS‐2 and ADI‐R). Two home‐based observational measures of ARBs utilizing streaming video were developed and evaluated: the ARCHER and the CHEERS. Trained independent evaluators made ratings on the ARCHER, CHEERS and an observational measure of parental responsiveness.ResultsCorrelations with the ADOS‐2 and ADI‐R were .47 and .34 for ARCHER scores and .51 and .48 for CHEERS scores, respectively. In linear mixed models, more responsive parenting was associated with fewer ARBs on a daily basis. Children spent their afternoons engaged in many typical activities including electronics, homework and games with family members, and ARBs were more prominent in some of these contexts (e.g., electronics) than others (e.g., family games).ConclusionsHome‐based observational assessment of ARBs may be useful for clinical and descriptive research.
Social influence and social identity: A diffusion model analysis
Authors: Duderstadt Vinzenz H. , Mojzisch Andreas , Germar Markus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBuilding on the seminal studies of Solomon Asch and Muzafer Sherif, recent research has advanced our understanding of the mechanisms underlying social influence by applying a diffusion model analysis. Here, we combined the social identity approach to social influence with a diffusion model analysis to unravel the mechanisms underlying social influence. In particular, we aimed to disentangle whether the difference between in‐group and out‐group influence on perceptual decision‐making is driven by a judgmental bias (i.e., changes in decision criteria) or a perceptual bias (i.e., changes in the uptake of sensory information). Preregistered analyses indicated that in‐groups exerted stronger social influence than out‐groups because in‐groups induced a stronger perceptual bias than out‐groups. This finding is in line with the single process assumption of the social identity approach because it implicates that the single process driving social influence (i.e., self‐categorisation) translates into a change in a single subprocess of decision‐making (i.e., biased information uptake). In conclusion, our results highlight that our theoretical understanding of social influence can be expanded by integrating the social identity approach with a diffusion model analysis.
Indirect intervention with staff to support a male with mild learning disability navigate the community setting: A clinical case study
Authors: Katsampa Dafni , Rhodes Louisa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople with learning disabilities following a long‐term stay in forensic settings may experience difficulties reintegrating in the wider community. Indirect interventions can be helpful for care providers and family members to reflect on their practices and improve the quality of life of people with learning disabilities. Although indirect interventions are being implemented in learning disability settings, research is limited.MethodsThis clinical case study recounts an indirect intervention with care providers of a male with mild learning disability.FindingsWe recount the referral and assessment processes, the initial hypotheses and formulation of the service users' presenting difficulties. We demonstrate how a systemically informed indirect intervention with staff can be used to improve the living conditions of a man with mild learning disability and provide reflections on working with multiple interdependent systems surrounding vulnerable individuals in a specialist learning disability setting.ConclusionIndirect interventions with the care networks supporting an individual with a learning disability can be a useful way to conceptualise the barriers and facilitators for community integration. Indirect interventions can also offer a reflective space for staff to share their own difficulties and prevent burnout.
Phenotype parallels protein seeding capacity in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Martinez‐Valbuena Ivan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the new era of disease‐modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, a novel approach for the molecular classification of neurodegenerative diseases is needed. In this research letter, there is a summary of the advances made in Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disorders, and progressive supranuclear palsy toward this classification.
Pregnancy and the eye: What do we need to watch out for? A review
Authors: Madike Reema , Cugati Sudha , Qin Queena , Chen Celia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPregnancy causes changes in all body systems, including the eye. The eye can undergo physiological and pathological changes in pregnancy. Some changes exacerbate pre‐existing eye conditions while other conditions manifest for the first‐time during pregnancy. Early recognition and management are essential to prevent sight threatening complications. In addition, some obstetric complications can be associated with ophthalmic signs. Prompt recognition of these eye findings may be life saving for both the mother and the foetus. The aim of this article is to present potential ocular complications in pregnancy and outline the appropriate management to preserve sight and maintain maternal and foetal safety. The safety of the use of common ophthalmological medications will also be discussed.
Is there a dominant‐negative effect in individuals with heterozygous disease‐causing variants in COL4A3/COL4A4?
Authors: Riedhammer Korbinian M. , Simmendinger Hannes , Tasic Velibor , Putnik Jovana , Abazi‐Emini Nora , Stajic Natasa , Berutti Riccardo , Weidenbusch Marc , Patzer Ludwig , Lungu Adrian , Milosevski‐Lomic Gordana , Günthner Roman , Braunisch Matthias C. , Ćomić Jasmina , Hoefele Julia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlport syndrome (AS) shows a broad phenotypic spectrum ranging from isolated microscopic hematuria (MH) to end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD). Monoallelic disease‐causing variants in COL4A3/COL4A4 have been associated with autosomal dominant AS (ADAS) and biallelic variants with autosomal recessive AS (ARAS). The aim of this study was to analyze clinical and genetic data regarding a possible genotype–phenotype correlation in individuals with disease‐causing variants in COL4A3/COL4A4. Eighty‐nine individuals carrying at least one COL4A3/COL4A4 variant classified as (likely) pathogenic according to the American College of Medical Genetics guidelines and current amendments were recruited. Clinical data concerning the prevalence and age of first reported manifestation of MH, proteinuria, ESKD, and extrarenal manifestations were collected. Individuals with monoallelic non‐truncating variants reported a significantly higher prevalence and earlier diagnosis of MH and proteinuria than individuals with monoallelic truncating variants. Individuals with biallelic variants were more severely affected than those with monoallelic variants. Those with biallelic truncating variants were more severely affected than those with compound heterozygous non‐truncating/truncating variants or individuals with biallelic non‐truncating variants. In this study an association of heterozygous non‐truncating COL4A3/COL4A4 variants with a more severe phenotype in comparison to truncating variants could be shown indicating a potential dominant‐negative effect as an explanation for this observation. The results for individuals with ARAS support the, still scarce, data in the literature.
Die Bedeutung von Mikrokomedonen bei der Akne: Von der Beschreibung bis zum Behandlungsansatz?
Authors: Xie Li , Hamblin Michael R , Zheng DanLing , Wen Xiang 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungEin wichtiger Faktor in der Pathogenese der Akne vulgaris ist die duktale Hyperproliferation der Talgdrüsen. Diese beginnt mit der Bildung unsichtbarer Mikrokomedonen und führt im weiteren Verlauf zur Ausbildung sowohl entzündlicher als auch nicht‐entzündlicher klinischer Läsionen. Die Mikrokomedonen stehen am Anfang der zyklischen Entwicklung einer Akne, die als Komedogenese bezeichnet wird. Mikrokomedonen können mithilfe von Cyanoacrylat‐Hautablösungen, Elektronenmikroskopie, konfokaler Reflexionsmikroskopie und anderen Techniken nachgewiesen werden. Es wird angenommen, dass die Dichte und Größe von Mikrokomedonen positiv mit dem Schweregrad der Akne korreliert. Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist es, die Ursachen der Akne zusammenzufassen und darauf hinzuweisen, dass die Behandlung von Mikrokomedonen zumindest teilweise Akneläsionen beseitigen und Rückfälle verhindern könnte.
Abnormal circulating steroids refine risk of progression to heart failure in ischemic heart disease
Authors: Fan Yangkai , Li Fengjuan , Tan Xin , Ren Lu , Peng Xueyan , Yu Jiaqi , Chen Weiyao , Jia Lixin , Zhu Fuli , Yin Wenjie , Du Jie , Wang Yuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) experience a high incidence of progression to heart failure (HF) despite current therapies. We speculated that steroid hormone metabolic disorders distinct adverse phenotypes and contribute to HF.MethodsWe measured 18 steroids using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in 2023 patients from the Registry Study of Biomarkers in Ischemic Heart Disease (BIOMS‐IHD), including 1091 patients with IHD in a retrospective discovery set and 932 patients with IHD in a multicentre validation set. Our outcomes included incident HF after a median follow‐up of 4 years.ResultsWe demonstrated steroid‐based signatures of inflammation, coronary microvascular dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy that were associated with subsequent HF events in patients with IHD. In both cohorts, patients with a high steroid–heart failure score (SHFS) (>1) exhibited a greater risk of incident HF than patients with a low SHFS (≤1). The SHFS further improved the prognostic accuracy beyond clinical variables (net reclassification improvement of 0.628 in the discovery set and 0.299 in the validation set) and demonstrated the maximal effect of steroid signatures in patients with IHD who had lower B‐type natriuretic peptide levels (pinteraction = 0.038).ConclusionsA steroid‐based strategy can simply and effectively identify individuals at higher HF risk who may derive benefit from more intensive follow‐ups.
Competitive advantage through general and mobile human capital. A study on Italian “Serie A” football
Authors: Lanza Andrea , Simone Giuseppina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, we examine the contribution of, respectively, general and mobile human capital to organizational competitive advantage. Our findings suggest that general human capital and mobile human capital positively affect organizational results under recurrent human capital mobility. Thus, our study revises and extends the conceptual domain of the Resource‐based View (RBV) of the firm, because it emphasizes the relevance of general human capital in the quest for competitive advantage and underscores that, in the presence of human capital recurrent mobility, organizations can take advantage of this contingency, instead of being hindered by it. Also, our study sheds new light on the complementarity between novel and existing human capital, because we empirically observe that the interplay between the former and the latter contributes to organizational advantage. Our research setting is the Italian Serie A professional football, from the 2017–2018 through the 2021–2022 season.
Survey of UK veterinary students' perceptions about a career in equine practice
Authors: Elcock Emily , Schofield Imogen , Hill Brad J. , Braid Helen R. , Mair Tim S. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryBackgroundWorkforce shortages are challenges facing veterinary practice. Anecdotal evidence suggests that veterinary students are less interested in entering equine practice than previously.ObjectivesInvestigate veterinary students' perceptions about equine veterinary education and about working in equine practice.Study designObservational study: online survey.MethodsSurvey distributed via social media to veterinary students in the United Kingdom. Open and closed questions to document intended career path of students and evaluate perceptions about careers in equine practice.ResultsSeven hundred and forty‐four students completed the survey—from 10 veterinary schools. 88.8% intended to work in clinical practice (32.9% mixed; 25.3% small animal; 20.2% equine; 10.9% farm; 10.7% other/undecided). Factors considered most important for their first job included: mentoring and support (47.0%), team and practice culture (26.2%), working hours (including out‐of‐hours; 9.2%), location (6.6%), salary and benefits (5.7%) and familiarity with the practice (3.1%). 55.2% felt there were barriers to entering equine practice. 46.9% had ridden a horse regularly; 14.2% had never ridden. Respondents in clinical years rated their university training in equine practice as ‘Excellent’ (10.0%), ‘Good’ (45.9%), ‘OK’ (35.3%), ‘Poor’ (7.0%) and ‘Rubbish’ (1.8%). 48.9% of respondents felt extra mural studies (EMS) had contributed most to their equine training. Statistical associations were identified between the following variables and intention to work in equine practice: owning a horse, having ever ridden a horse, confidence in handling horses, student membership of BEVA and desire to undertake an internship.Main limitationsPotential selection bias.Conclusions20% of students reported an intention to work in equine practice, but risk of selection bias. The results indicate a potential mismatch between the number of students interested in equine practice and the availability of equine jobs for new graduates. Students with pre‐existing equine interest/experience are more likely to want to enter equine practice. EMS appears important for students' training in equine medicine.