bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transgelin 2 guards T cell lipid metabolic programming and anti-tumor function
Authors: Hwang Sung-Min , Awasthi Deepika , Jeong Jieun , Sandoval Tito , Chae Chang-Suk , Ramos Yusibeska , Tan Chen , Falco Matias Marin , McBain Ian , Mishra Bikash , Ivashkiv Lionel B. , Zamarin Dmitriy , Cantillo Evelyn , Chapman-Davis Eloise , Holcomb Kevin , Morales Diana , Rodriguez Paulo , Conejo-Garcia Jose , Kaczocha Martin , Vähärautio Anna , Song Minkyung , Cubillos-Ruiz Juan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Mounting effective immunity against pathogens and tumors relies on the successful metabolic programming of T cells by extracellular fatty acids1-3. During this process, fatty-acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) imports lipids that fuel mitochondrial respiration and sustain the bioenergetic requirements of protective CD8+ T cells4,5. Importantly, however, the mechanisms governing this crucial immunometabolic axis remain unexplored. Here we report that the cytoskeletal organizer Transgelin 2 (TAGLN2) is necessary for optimal CD8+ T cell fatty acid uptake, mitochondrial respiration, and anti-cancer function. We found that TAGLN2 interacts with FABP5, enabling the surface localization of this lipid importer on activated CD8+ T cells. Analysis of ovarian cancer specimens revealed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses elicited by the tumor microenvironment repress TAGLN2 in infiltrating CD8+ T cells, enforcing their dysfunctional state. Restoring TAGLN2 expression in ER-stressed CD8+ T cells bolstered their lipid uptake, mitochondrial respiration, and cytotoxic capacity. Accordingly, chimeric antigen receptor T cells overexpressing TAGLN2 bypassed the detrimental effects of tumor-induced ER stress and demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy in mice with metastatic ovarian cancer. Our study unveils the role of cytoskeletal TAGLN2 in T cell lipid metabolism and highlights the potential to enhance cellular immunotherapy in solid malignancies by preserving the TAGLN2-FABP5 axis.
How does practice modulate fake production costs in basketball? Analyses of frequency distributions and mixture effects
Authors: Böer Nils Tobias , Schütz Christoph , Weigelt Matthias , Güldenpenning Iris 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The execution of incompatible actions imposes costs on action planning, commonly known as response-response incompatibility costs. This phenomenon is evident in various domains, including the sports context, such as executing head fakes in basketball, where spatially incompatible actions, like a head turn to the right paired with a passing movement to the left, are performed. Building upon prior research demonstrating that extensive practice diminishes the costs associated with producing passes with head fakes (Böer et al., 2023), this paper delves deeper into the underlying mechanisms driving the observed reduction in fake production costs. We employed distribution analyses by fitting individual frequency distributions of initiation times (ITs) to ex-Gaussian distributions. This approach allowed us to discern whether practice predominantly influences the Gaussian part or the exponential part of the distribution. Additionally, we applied mixture effect modeling (Miller, 2006) to explore whether fake production costs manifest occasionally but substantially (mixed effect) or continuously but moderately (uniform effect).The distribution analyses showed that the improvement in participants’ performance and the reduction of fake production costs with increasing practice can mainly be attributed to a reduction of the exponential part of the distribution, indicating an improvement of participants decision-making processes (Whelan, 2008). The analysis of mixture effects revealed that most participants exhibited a uniform effect when they didn’t have time to mentally prepare the movement, indicated by consistent fake production costs which were present in over 75% of trials. This pattern was not changed by practice, suggesting fake production costs can’t be overcome by practice.
A fruit-bearing angiosperm from the Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Wang Xin , Han Gang , Sun Jie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although pre-Cretaceous angiosperms have been rejected or suspected by some palaeobotanists, their existence in the Jurassic appears increasingly promising, especially when recent palaeobotanical progress is taken into consideration. Although an herbaceous whole plant of an angiosperm has been reported from the Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation, its implication for angiosperm evolution is under-appreciated. Here, from exactly the same fossil locality, we report a fruit-bearing angiosperm, Daohugoufructus fructiferous gen. et sp. nov. The unique fruits on elongated scapes distinguish Daohugoufructus from all known gymnosperms and suggest an angiospermous affinity. With physically connected fruits, leaves and branch, Daohugoufructus sheds an otherwise unavailable light on early angiosperms and their evolution.
Sub-SpaCE: Subsequence-based Sparse Counterfactual Explanations for Time Series Classification Problems
Authors: Refoyo Mario , Luengo David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The interpretation of existing machine learning models has become a critical task to facilitate the widespread adoption of AI across different domains, leading to the apparition of eXplainable AI (XAI). However, there exists an imbalance between methods tailored for specific data domains, with dedicated approaches for time series data having received limited attention until now. Moreover, current approaches often overlook the unique challenges present in time series data. In this paper, we introduce Subsequence-based Sparse Counterfactual Explanations (Sub-SpaCE), a novel method tailored for time series classification problems. Sub-SpaCE employs genetic algorithms with customized mutation and initialization processes, promoting changes in a small number of subsequences to generate highly sparse and plausible counterfactual explanations. Our empirical evaluations on various datasets demonstrate Sub-SpaCE's superior performance, achieving an optimal balance between sparsity and plausibility in counterfactual explanations for time series data.
Diet Quality as Assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2020 among Different Smoking Status: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Data from 2005-2018
Authors: Luo Ting , Tseng Tung-Sung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Combining smoking with poor eating habits significantly elevates the risk of chronic illnesses and early death. Understanding of how dietary quality shifts post-smoking cessation remains limited. The objective of this study is to examine dietary quality – using Healthy Eating Index (HEI – 2020) and its 13 components, among current, former, and never smokers, and particularly the impact of quitting and the duration of cessation on dietary habits.
Methods
A cross-sectional analysis of 31,569 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018 was conducted. Dietary quality was assessed using HEI-2020 scores, which were determined by NIH developed - simple HEI scoring algorithm per person. Smoking status was categorized into current, former, and never smokers, with further subdivisions for current (heavy/light smokers) and former smokers (duration post-cessation). Descriptive analysis and multiple regression models weighted to represent the US population were performed.
Results
The current smoking rate was 19.4%, with a higher prevalence in males (22.5%) than females (17.5%). Current smokers reported statistically significantly lower HEI total score than both former and never smokers. Former smoker exhibited HEI scores similar to those of never smokers. The adjusted HEI total scores for current, former, and never smokers were 49.2, 54.0, and 53.3, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Moreover, light smokers had better total HEI score than heavy smokers (46.8 vs. 50.8, p < 0.001, respectively), but former and never smokers scored even higher. Quitting smoking immediately improved dietary quality, with former smokers reaching the dietary levels of never smokers within 5-10 years (53.8 vs. 53.3, p > 0.05, respectively). Compared to current smokers, former smokers tend to consume more beneficial foods (e.g., fruits, vegetables, greens and beans, whole grains, proteins, and fatty acids), while also consuming more sodium and less added sugar.
Conclusions
Current smokers, particularly heavy smokers, exhibit poorer dietary habits than former and never smokers. The dietary quality of former smokers aligns with never smokers over time, highlighting the positive impact of smoking cessation on diet. This has implications for reducing chronic disease risks associated with poor diet and smoking.
Revolutionary Data Deduplication With Fuzzy C-means: Advancing Data Quality Management
Authors: Selvi p 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In an era in which statistics plays a crucial component in Decision-making techniques, records first-rate is vital. Data deduplication, or detecting and putting off replica statistics inside a dataset, is a key activity for ensuring record integrity and accuracy. Traditional deduplication procedures regularly rely upon best matches and can be ineffective while handling facts that incorporate variations and uncertainty. This work gives a unique way to statistics deduplication the usage of Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering, a technique typically used for facts clustering however tailored right here to the context of facts deduplication. FCM allows record points to belong to extraordinary clusters in components, bearing in mind differences and uncertainties inside the statistics. This study represents a remarkablework of Fuzzy C-Means clustering in the context of data deduplication, contributing to the sphere of information exceptional control and statistics preprocessing. Further developments in this place keep the potential for extra correct and robust facts processing in a global more and more reliant on tremendous facts. The proposed work emphasizes the overall performance aspects of the FCM-based deduplication method, which includes its effectiveness and its ability to lessen false positives and false negatives, making it a robust solution for records deduplication in various contexts.
Post-Pandemic Recruitment Methods for Conducting School-Based Research
Authors: Michael Olivia , Kim Emily , Du Adora , Shih Wendy , Kasari Connie , Locke Jill 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
School-based research is valuable for understanding and improving educational practices and outcomes, but study recruitment in school settings can often be challenging, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. As school-based recruitment efforts have increasingly shifted online, researchers must consider and employ effective strategies when recruiting participants using digital communication tools like email. This short report reflects on anecdotal experiences from two studies conducted in elementary schools in the United States (US) and Canada to provide an overview of different practical techniques researchers can use to design email recruitment plans for school-based research. Notably, researchers may benefit from using web-based tools to create comprehensive and representative recruitment lists. Emails that feature concise and personalized messages with videos or graphics may cater to educators' needs and priorities. Strategically timing recruitment and reminder emails to match school calendars and educators’ schedules may help to align recruitment with the school calendar. Limitations related to the restricted generalizability of the sample and the need for further empirical research to test these methods are discussed. Future research should explore methods for recruiting other important school stakeholders (e.g., caregivers and students) and other recruitment tools (e.g., social media and video software).
Spiral tibiofibular fractures complicated by ipsilateral Tillaux and posterior malleolus fractures in adults—A rare injury patterns: case report
Authors: Zhang Jinlong , Zhang Hui , Gan Haiye , Tai Huiping , Ma Yuhong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

BackgroundAn avulsion fracture of the distal tibia caused by severe traction of the anterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) is called a Tillaux fracture. This injury is rare in adults because the AITFL is usually broken before a Tillaux fracture. This case report describes, for the first time, an adult spiral tibiofibular fracture combined with ipsilateral Tillaux and posterior malleolus fractures and discusses the injury mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment.
Case A 45-year-old female experienced a slip and fall while walking. She experienced pain and swelling of the right calf, external rotation deformity of the right foot, and limited mobility. The X-ray imaging showed a tibiofibular spiral fracture, followed by a computed tomography (CT) scan that identified an associated ankle and Tillaux fractures. After the diagnosis was confirmed, AITFL tension was restored by open reduction and lag nail fixation of the Tillaux fracture. Subsequently, the posterior malleolus was stabilized using a cannulated nail to restore the alignment and stability of the tibiotalar joint. Finally, the spiral fracture of the tibia was fixed with an intramedullary nail, successfully restoring the normal anatomical structure of the patient.
Conclusions Adult Tillaux fractures combined with other fractures are rare and can be easily misdiagnosed. CT examination should be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Reduction and fixation can achieve satisfactory results in patients with a Tillaux fracture fragment displacement > 2 mm.
Use of 3D-CT-Derived Psoas Major Muscle Volume in Defining Sarcopenia in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Takahashi Makoto , Sakamoto Kazuhiro , Kogure Yosuke , Nojiri Shuko , Tsuchiya Yuki , Honjo Kumpei , Kawai Masaya , Ishiyama Shun , Sugimoto Kiichi , Nagakari Kunihiko , Tomiki Yuichi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Sarcopenia is characterized by reduced skeletal muscle volume and is a condition that is prevalent among elderly patients and associated with poor prognosis as a comorbidity in malignancies. Given the aging population in Japan, an understanding of malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC), complicated by sarcopenia is increasingly important. Therefore, the focus of this study is on a novel and practical diagnostic approach of assessment of psoas major muscle volume (PV) using 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) in diagnosis of sarcopenia in patients with CRC.
Methods
The subjects were 150 patients aged 80 or older with CRC who underwent primary tumor resection at Juntendo University Hospital between 2004 and 2017. 3D-CT measurement of PV and conventional CT measurement of the psoas major muscle cross-sectional area (PA) were used to identify sarcopenia (group S) and non-sarcopenia (group nS) cases. Clinicopathological characteristics, operative results, postoperative complications, and prognosis were compared between these groups.
Results
The S:nS ratios were 15:135 for the PV method and 52:98 for the PA method. There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.66, p < 0.01) between PVI (psoas major muscle volume index) and PAI (psoas major muscle cross-sectional area index), which were calculated by dividing PV or PA by the square of height. Surgical results and postoperative complications did not differ significantly in the S and nS groups defined using each method. Overall survival was worse in group S compared to group nS identified by PV (p < 0.01), but not significantly different in groups S and nS identified by PA (p = 0.77). A Cox proportional hazards model for OS identified group S by PV as an independent predictor of a poor prognosis (p < 0.05), whereas group S by PA was not a predictor of prognosis (p = 0.60).
Conclusions
The PV method for identifying sarcopenia in elderly patients with CRC is more practical and sensitive for prediction of a poor prognosis compared to the conventional method.
Synthesis of Cu doped NiO for Their Antioxidant and Photocatalytic Properties: Green Synthesis Using Lycopodium Linn
Authors: Bavaji S. R. , Ahamed A. Jafar , Rajeswaran P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

When compared to metal oxide nanoparticles made via physical and chemical processes, those made using botanical extracts are more stable and biocompatible. Evaluation of the antioxidant and photocatalytic properties of NiO NPs synthesized from Phytolacca dodecandra L. Herit (P.d) leaf extract is the primary objective of this study. The produced Cu-doped NiO-NPs at an optimal temperature of 400 oC have been studied using XRD, TEM, FT-IR, UV-Vis, BET, and XPS studies at varying concentrations of copper (1, 3, and 5%). Dye water solutions of Rose Bengal (RB) and Methylene Blue (MB) were degraded to test the photocatalytic activity of the produced samples. When exposed to UV light for 60 minutes, 5-Cu-NiO nanophotocatalyst degraded MB dye at a rate of 98.7% (0.5 mol/L), with a high apparent constant of 0.9871 min-1 and excellent long-term stability. At concentrations of 363.96 and 350.29 g/mL, respectively, NiO NPs and CuNiO NPs inhibited the oxidation of 50% of the H2O2 molecules in the antioxidant test. In addition, copper ions may be responsible for the increased antioxidant activity of the biosynthesized NiO NPs.
In-Clinic and Natural Gait Observations (I-CAN-GO): A Master Protocol to Validate Gait using a Lumbar Accelerometer
Authors: Welbourn Miles , Sheriff Paul , Tuttle Pirinka Georgiev , Adamowicz Lukas , Psaltos Dimitrios , Kelekar Amey , Selig Jessica , Messere Andrew , Mei Winnie , Caouette David , Ghafoor Sana , Santamaria Mar , Zhang Hao , Demanuele Charmaine , Karahanoglu F. Isik , Cai Xuemei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Traditional measurements of gait are typically performed in clinical or laboratory settings where functional assessments are used to collect episodic data, which may not reflect naturalistic gait and activity patterns. The emergence of digital health technologies has enabled reliable and continuous representation of gait and activity in free-living environments. To provide further evidence for naturalistic gait characterization, we aimed to validate and evaluate the performance of a method for measuring gait derived from a single lumbar-worn accelerometer with respect to reference methods. This evaluation included distinguishing between participants’ self-perceived different gait speed levels, and effects of different floor surfaces such as carpet and tile on walking performance, and performance under different bouts, speed, and duration of walking during a wide range of simulated daily activities. Using data from 20 healthy adult participants, we found different self-paced walking speeds and floor surface effects can be accurately characterized. Furthermore, we showed accurate representation of gait and activity during simulated daily living activities and longer bouts of outside walking. Participants in general found that the devices were comfortable. These results extend our previous validation of the method to more naturalistic setting and increases confidence of implementation at-home.
Evaluation of the Plastid and Nuclear DNA barcodes in genus Ocimum towards Quality Assurance in Herbal Industry
Authors: Kumar Amit , Rodrigues Vereena , Saxena Akanksha , Mishra Priyanka , Shukla Ashutosh , Shasany Ajit Kumar , Nazar Nazia , Sgamma Tiziana , Slater Adrian , Sundaresan Velusamy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Species of the genus Ocimumare of immense value and are in high demand in trade which leads to unscrupulous adulteration of both crude drugs as well as formulations. Traditional method-based authentication is difficult in case of incomplete or damaged samples and in dried herbal bulk material. High degree of morphological similarity, issues of polyploidy and the possibility of inter- and intraspecific hybridization have plagued the Ocimum market. Hence, there is an immediate need for developing DNA barcodes for fast and accurate identification of the species.
Results: In this study, three plastid regions (matK, rbcL and trnH-psbA) and two nuclear regions (ITS and ITS2) are evaluated for their performance as DNA barcodes to check the delineation of Ocimum species. Nearest genetic distance, Wilcoxon test, Best Match (BM) and Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree methods were taken into account to assess the efficiency of proposed DNA barcodes. Our study suggests that discrimination rate amongst single barcodes is the highest for trnH-psbA with the NJ analysis. By combining two or more barcodes, no significant changes were observed.
Conclusion: A reliable and commercially viable DNA barcoding system has been developed for accurate species identification of various Ocimum species. The varied approaches used in the investigation had different species identification potential. The identification success rates of plastid DNA and nuclear DNA barcodes were comparable using pairwise genetic distance (PWG-distance), BM and NJ methods. Despite having high inter-specific and the lowest intra-specific genetic distance, trnH-psbAfailed to discriminate Ocimum species having hybrid origin, indicating the need to develop more suitable barcode loci in future.
The Role of External Heat Sources and Chemical Reactions for Enhanced Heat Transfer through Maxwell Nanofluid Flow
Authors: ahmad bilal , Ali Bagh , Bariq Abdul , Ahmed Muhammad Ozair , Shah Asif Ali , Idrees Muhammad , Ragab Adham E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research addresses finding the dynamics of heat transfer in two-dimensional MHD Maxwell nanoflu-ids flow under the influence of mixed convection and activation energy. The heat source is strategically positioned to take advantage of convective heat transfer and increase the overall thermal performance. Numerical simulations employing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches are used to evaluate the improved thermal transfer efficiency. The governing equations, which comprise the continuity, momentum, energy, and species transport equations, are addressed using appropriate similarity transformations acquired from a PDE (Partial differential equations) model that has been turned into an ODE(ordinary differential equations). MATLAB is used to solve such a nonlinear ODE model. The effects of many parameters, such as nanoparticle concentration, the intensity of an external heat source, and chemical reaction speeds, are intentionally explored. The fluid flow declaration is evaluated in terms of viscosity, and porosity. It was discovered that increasing inputs of rotation, porosity factor, activation energy, and magnetic effect resulted in a significant increase in the profile of temperature. The variational patterns of Nusselt number and skin friction are numerically performed at a rectangular stretching surface.