bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RADIOCARBON STEP-COMBUSTION OXIDATION METHOD AND FTIR ANALYSIS OF TRONDHEIM CaCO3 PRECIPITATES OF ATMOSPHERIC CO2 SAMPLES: FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS AND INSIGHTS
Authors: Santos Guaciara M , Leong Christopher A , Grootes Pieter M , Seiler Martin , Svarva Helene , Nadeau Marie-Josée 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTEight atmospheric carbon dioxide samples (as calcium carbonate—CaCO3—precipitates) from Lindesnes site (58ºN, 7ºE), belonging to 1963 and 1980 (four samples from each year) and stored at the National Laboratory for Age Determination (NTNU), have been reevaluated through radiocarbon (14C) analysis. Previous 14C results indicated the presence of a contaminant, which was not removed through different chemical cleansing procedures (e.g., hydrochloric acid—HCl and/or hydrogen peroxide—H2O2). Here, we present a follow up investigation using 14C step-combustion and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Results from 14C data indicate unsuccessful removal of the contaminant, while further FTIR analysis displayed the presence of moisture. This finding alludes to the possibility that the contaminant is of ambient air-CO2 deeply embedded in CaCO3 powders (within clogged CaCO3 pores and/or bonded to the lattice). Samples were found exposed to air-CO2 and humidity. These conditions may have lasted for years, possibly even decades, leading to the 14C offsets detected here.
RADIOCARBON, BIG DATA AND INTERNATIONAL HERITAGE
Authors: Griffiths Seren , Brown Lisa , Carlin Neil , Evans Tim , Gaydarska Bisserka , Hannah Emma , McKeague Peter 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTRadiocarbon data are the most commonly used chronometric measurement technique in archaeology. The introduction of the radiocarbon method offered new potential for independent, internationalized research projects. Today millions of radiocarbon measurements exist globally. However, the many strengths of radiocarbon for research in archaeology have also created an internationally significant challenge in heritage practice. How can we attempt to curate huge volumes of radiocarbon “legacy” data in systematic ways that facilitate interdisciplinary, international research? How can we contend with a dataset that is rapidly scalable, and needs to be kept live—updated, validated, curated, and related to existing national archives and data systems—beyond the timescale of any individual project? In this paper we introduce an international project, “Project Radiocarbon; Big Data, integrated cross-national heritage histories”, working across the historic environment sector in Ireland and the United Kingdom, that is developing a solution to these issues. We argue that we need to think critically about how we classify and curate radiocarbon data, to render them interoperable and findable. Such work requires inter-sector approaches to ensure sustainability and scalability, and to anticipate the increasing value of these data into the future.
STABLE ISOTOPE AND RADIOCARBON DATING OF HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS FROM ISLAMIC SETTLEMENT, KHIRBET AL-SHEIKH HUMAID, NABLUS, PALESTINE
Authors: Abu Alsaud Loay , Al-Qobbaj Amer 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTKhirbet Al-Sheikh Humaid is found 615 m above sea level in the central highlands of Palestine, northwest of the city of Nablus. During rescue excavations carried out at the site, part of a male human skull with a tooth attached was discovered. Accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating and stable isotope analysis were performed on the tooth at the Hertelendi Laboratory in Debrecen, Hungary. Dating revealed the individual had lived in the time frame 900–1030 AD, which is within the Abbasid period (750–1258 AD). Dietary analysis gave information on the daily life of the inhabitants of the settlement, showing local agriculture provided a diet of legumes and vegetables.
ASSESSMENT OF RESIDUAL GEOGENIC CARBON IN MORTARS CONCERNING RADIOCARBON DATING
Authors: Válek Jan , Kozlovcev Petr , Fialová Anna , Kotková Kristýna , Frankeová Dita , Světlík Ivo , Pachnerová Brabcová Kateřina 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTQuicklime samples were collected from six vertical layers (L1–L6) of a feedstock calcined in a traditional single-batch wood-fired kiln and assessed. Three samples were well-burned and three under-burned. The quicklime was slaked in an excess of water and the presence of unburned particles was investigated after settling it into putty. The putty was assessed as bulk and also at three depth levels. Thermal analysis determined the CO2 residua in the quicklime samples. Cathodoluminescence detected individual unburned particles and image analysis was used for their quantification. Settling of the putties led to a considerable reduction of geogenic particles in the layers above the bottom. This was also confirmed by the stable isotope analysis. In the case of the putties made from well-burned quicklime, the δ13C values of samples L4 and L5 ranged from –25.5‰ to –20.5‰ VPDB, and the δ18O values ranged from –17.5‰ to –16.5‰ VPDB. The fractionation was likely affected by the division according to the particle size during the sedimentation. The results of the 14C analysis correlate with the quantified percentage of cathodoluminescent particles.
The effect of a low-calorie diet on depressive symptoms in individuals with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies
Authors: Applewhite Briana , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. , Young Allan H. , Schmidt Ulrike , Himmerich Hubertus , Keeler Johanna L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with overweight or obesity are at a high risk for so-called ‘atypical’ or immunometabolic depression, with associated neurovegetative symptoms including overeating, fatigue, weight gain, and a poor metabolic profile evidenced e.g. by dyslipidemia or hyperglycemia. Research has generated preliminary evidence for a low-calorie diet (LCD) in reducing depressive symptoms. The aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine this evidence to determine whether a LCD reduces depressive symptoms in people with overweight or obesity.MethodsEligible studies were identified through PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and PsycINFO until August 2023. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were derived using random-effects meta-analyses for (1) pre-post LCD comparisons of depression outcomes, and (2) LCD v. no-diet-control group comparisons of depression outcomes.ResultsA total of 25 studies were included in the pre-post meta-analysis, finding that depression scores were significantly lower following a LCD (SMD = −0.47), which was not significantly moderated by the addition of exercise or behavioral therapy as a non-diet adjunct. Meta-regressions indicated that a higher baseline BMI and greater weight reduction were associated with a greater reduction in depression scores. The intervention-control meta-analysis (n = 4) found that overweight or obese participants adhering to a LCD showed a nominally lower depression score compared with those given no intervention (SMD = −0.29).ConclusionsThere is evidence that LCDs may reduce depressive symptoms in people with overweight or obesity in the short term. Future well-controlled intervention studies, including a non-active control group, and longer-term follow-ups, are warranted in order to make more definitive conclusions.
Robust evidence reveals the reliable rate of normal/balanced embryos for identifying reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation carriers
Authors: Tian Zhihua , Lian Wenchang , Xu Li , Long Yanxi , Tang Li , Wang Huawei 
Published: December 2023

SummaryWe aimed to evaluate the reliable rate of normal/balanced embryos for reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation carriers and to provide convincing evidence for clinical staff to conduct genetic counselling regarding common structural rearrangements to alleviate patient anxiety. The characteristics of 39,459 embryos that were sourced from unpublished data and literature were analyzed. The samples consisted of 17,536 embryo karyotypes that were not published and 21,923 embryo karyotypes obtained from the literature. Using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases, specific keywords were used to screen the literature for reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation. The ratio of normal/balanced embryos in the overall data was calculated and analyzed, and we grouped the results according to gender to confirm if there were gender differences. We also divided the data into the cleavage stage and blastocyst stage according to the biopsy period to verify if there was a difference in the ratio of normal/balanced embryos. By combining the unpublished data and data derived from the literature, the average rates of normal/balanced embryos for reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation carriers were observed to be 26.96% (7953/29,495) and 41.59% (4144/9964), respectively. Reciprocal translocation and Robertson translocation exhibited higher rates in male carriers than they did in female carriers (49.60% vs. 37.44%; 29.84% vs. 27.67%). Additionally, the data for both translocations exhibited differences in the normal/balanced embryo ratios between the cleavage and blastocyst stages of carriers for both Robertsonian translocation and reciprocal translocation (36.07% vs 43.43%; 24.88% vs 27.67%). The differences between the two location types were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The normal/balanced ratio of embryos in carriers of reciprocal and RobT was higher than the theoretical ratio, and the values ranged from 26.96% to 41.59%. Moreover, the male carriers possessed a higher number of embryos that were normal or balanced. The ratio of normal/balanced embryos in the blastocyst stage was higher than that in the cleavage stage. The results of this study provide a reliable suggestion for future clinic genetic consulting regarding the rate of normal/balanced embryos of reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation carriers.
Trans-catheter closure of an unusual type of Abernethy malformation in a child presenting with severe pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Wadile Santosh , Banpurkar Ashishkumar , Kulkarni Snehal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAbernethy malformation is a congenital extra-hepatic porto-systemic shunt. This malformation is characterized by an abnormal connection between the portal vein or its branches and one of the systemic veins. Though rare, this anomaly can lead to pulmonary hypertension. Drainage of Abernethy malformation into coronary sinus is extremely rare. We describe a child with Abernethy malformation with unusual drainage into coronary sinus. The abnormal channel was successfully closed by trans-catheter technique with normalisation of pulmonary arterial pressures.
Two decades of Social Security claiming
Authors: Slavov Sita Nataraj 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwenty years ago, the adjustment to monthly Social Security benefits for early or delayed claiming was, on average, roughly actuarially fair, although some subsets of individuals could gain from delay. Since then, delaying claiming has become much more attractive thanks to three factors: a more generous delayed retirement credit, improvements in mortality, and historically low real interest rates. In this article, I examine how these three factors influence optimal claiming behavior. I also discuss empirical patterns of claiming across individuals and over time, as well as explanations for these patterns. I argue that although many people appear to claim suboptimally early, this behavior may be changing as information spreads about the importance of the claiming decision. Finally, I discuss policy toward claiming and the impact that an increase in strategic claiming could have on Social Security's finances.
Justice in benefitting from carbon removal
Authors: Lenzi Dominic , Schübel Hanna , Wallimann-Helmer Ivo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Non-Technical Summary
Climate stabilization requires scaling-up technologies to capture and store carbon. Carbon removal could be very profitable, and some of the agents best placed to benefit are ‘carbon majors’, i.e. fossil fuel companies. We argue that in ordinary circumstances only agents without significant historical climate responsibilities would be entitled to the full benefits from carbon removal. Under non-ideal conditions, carbon majors might be entitled to benefit, provided that no other agent could remove similar quantities of carbon at similar costs. This burden of proof is only likely to be met in countries with poor governance capacities.

Technical Summary
Climate stabilization requires scaling up technologies to capture and store carbon. Some of the agents best placed to profit from carbon removal are ‘carbon majors’, especially fossil fuel companies. Yet incentivizing carbon majors to undertake carbon removal poses an ethical dilemma: carbon majors have made significant historical contributions to climate change and have significantly benefitted from such contributions without being made to compensate for resulting climate harm. This is why it seems unfair to reward them with additional economic benefits. However, carbon majors possess the technological skills and infrastructure to upscale carbon removal efficiently. We argue that in ordinary circumstances, only agents without significant climate responsibilities would be morally entitled to fully benefit from carbon removal. Yet under non-ideal conditions, it might be permissible to reward carbon majors if no other agent were capable of removing as much carbon at similar costs and on similar timeframes. We believe this argument faces an imposing burden of proof that is only likely to be met in countries with poor governance capacities. In more favorable circumstances, including those of most OECD countries, rewarding carbon majors without having them pay for their historical climate responsibilities remains impermissible.

Social Media Summary
Rewarding carbon majors to undertake carbon dioxide removal is unjust due to their historical climate responsibilities. Where possible, governments should empower other agents to remove CO2.
Observing Temporally Varying Synoptic‐Scale Total Alkalinity and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon in the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Green Hannah L. , Findlay Helen S. , Shutler Jamie D. , Sims Richard , Bellerby Richard , Land Peter E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe long‐term absorption by the oceans of atmospheric carbon dioxide is leading to the slow decline of ocean pH, a process termed ocean acidification (OA). The Arctic is a challenging region to gather enough data to examine the changes in carbonate chemistry over sufficient scales. However, algorithms that calculate carbonate chemistry parameters from more frequently measured parameters, such as temperature and salinity, can be used to fill in data gaps. Here, these published algorithms were evaluated against in situ measurements using different data input types (data from satellites or in situ re‐analysis climatologies) across the Arctic Ocean. With the lowest uncertainties in the Atlantic influenced Seas (AiS), where re‐analysis inputs achieved total alkalinity estimates with Root Mean Squared Deviation (RMSD) of 21 μmol kg−1 and a bias of 2 μmol kg−1 (n = 162) and dissolved inorganic carbon RMSD of 24 μmol kg−1 and bias of −14 μmol kg−1 (n = 262). AiS results using satellite observation inputs show similar bias but larger RMSD, although due to the shorter time span of available satellite observations, more contemporary in situ data would provide further assessment and improvement. Synoptic‐scale observations of surface water carbonate conditions in the Arctic are now possible to monitor OA, but targeted in situ data collection is needed to enable the full exploitation of satellite observation‐based approaches.
Automated Detection and Characterization of Wave Structures Obtained From GNSS Measurements
Authors: Jonah Olusegun , Reyes Pablo , Lamarche Leslie , van Eyken Anthony 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA simple technique designed to automatically identify and characterize wave structures from total electron content (TEC) data obtained from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites and multiple receiver stations is presented. We used 11 years of GNSS data (one complete solar cycle) to detect and characterize the traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) (or wave structures) over high latitude (65°N ± 5°, 147°W ± 5°—Poker Flat, AK) and middle latitude (40°N ± 5°, 117°W ± 5°—Mt. Moses, NV) regions. The algorithm is capable of automatically detecting basic wave parameters such as wave period, horizontal phase velocity, amplitude, wave propagation direction, and wavelength. The designed algorithm can be applicable in the following areas: (a) global GNSS‐TEC (b) climatology of waves (c) input into innovative machine learning algorithms, such as ABCGAN (e.g., Valentic, 2023, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7747377 designed to characterize background ionospheric plasma and predict wave‐like high/low‐frequency perturbations) (d) anomaly detection for real‐time scenarios. Furthermore, we apply the developed wave detect and characterization technique to investigate three rockets launched on 26 and 28 January 2015. We examine the distribution of different scales of TIDs, and how they varied from high (Poker Flat) to middle (Mt. Moses) latitudes. Lastly, we show that the wave structures at the high‐latitude regions of Poker Flat are substantially affected by auroral processes and those from the middle‐latitude regions of Mt. Moses are impacted by AGWs coupling from below.
The Crustal Magmatic Structure Beneath the Denali Volcanic Gap Imaged by a Dense Linear Seismic Array
Authors: Rabade Santiago , Lin Fan‐Chi , Tape Carl , Ward Kevin M. , Waldien Trevor , Allam Amir 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe crustal structure in south‐central Alaska has been influenced by terrane accretion, flat slab subduction, and a modern strike‐slip fault system. Within the active subduction system, the presence of the Denali Volcanic Gap (DVG), a ∼400 km region separating the active volcanism of the Aleutian Arc to the west and the Wrangell volcanoes to the east, remains enigmatic. To better understand the regional tectonics and the nature of the volcanic gap, we deployed a month‐long north‐south linear geophone array of 306 stations with an interstation distance of 1 km across the Alaska Range. By calculating multi‐component noise cross‐correlation and jointly inverting Rayleigh wave phase velocity and ellipticity across the array, we construct a 2‐D shear wave velocity model along the transect down to ∼16 km depth. In the shallow crust, we observe low‐velocity structures associated with sedimentary basins and image the Denali fault as a narrow localized low‐velocity anomaly extending to at least 12 km depth. About 12 km, below the fold and thrust fault system in the northern flank of the Alaska Range, we observe a prominent low‐velocity zone with more than 15% velocity reduction. Our velocity model is consistent with known geological features and reveals a previously unknown low‐velocity zone that we interpret as a magmatic feature. Based on this feature's spatial relationship to the Buzzard Creek and Jumbo Dome volcanoes and the location above the subducting Pacific Plate, we interpret the low‐velocity zone as a previously unknown subduction‐related crustal magma reservoir located beneath the DVG.
Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging Below a Random Rough Surface
Authors: Kim Arnold D. , Tsogka Chrysoula 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMotivated by applications in unmanned aerial based ground penetrating radar for detecting buried landmines, we consider the problem of imaging small point like scatterers situated in a lossy medium below a random rough surface. Both the random rough surface and the absorption in the lossy medium significantly impede the target detection and imaging process. Using principal component analysis we effectively remove the reflection from the air‐soil interface. We then use a modification of the classical synthetic aperture radar imaging functional to image the targets. This imaging method introduces a user‐defined parameter, δ, which scales the resolution by allowing for target localization with sub wavelength accuracy. Numerical results in two dimensions illustrate the robustness of the approach for imaging multiple targets. However, the depth at which targets are detectable is limited due to the absorption in the lossy medium.
Shale 3D Flow and Interaction With Basement Faults in the Niger Delta Deep‐Water Fold and Thrust Belt
Authors: Spina V. , Mazzoli S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBased on a large 3D seismic data set in the deep‐water domain of the Niger Delta, this study challenges previous interpretations involving the occurrence of multiple detachments and extensive thrust flats, illustrating timing and mode of shales flow at the toe of the gravity system. Five units of syn‐kinematic sediments, reaching a maximum thickness of ∼800 m, accumulated in the tectonically subsiding synclines during fold amplification between ∼9.5 and ∼1.4 Ma. The volumes of syn‐kinematic units roughly balance those of the shales accumulated in the thickened cores of WNW trending anticlines. This feature is consistent with folding resulting from buckling controlled by the competence contrast between isopach Cenozoic units and underlying overpressured shales of the Akata Formation. A dense network of NE‐SW striking oblique extensional faults offsets a prominent anticline characterized by a NE‐SW trend (which is almost perpendicular to the regional fold trend). These faults form a narrow, continuous deformation zone extending for tens of kilometers along and beyond the length of the anticline. The faults, rooting within the shales of the Akata Formation, formed since ∼5 Ma and deform the seabed. Displacement distribution suggests mechanical interaction between isolated fault segments within the deformation zone. The latter is interpreted as the shallow expression of a deep‐seated fault zone inherited from the segmented passive margin and marked by gravity and magnetic data. Our results, providing a comprehensive picture of active deformation features and their relationships with deep‐seated faults, shed new light into the modes of interaction between gravity systems and underlying basement structures.
Panel-based RNA fusion sequencing improves diagnostics of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Hoffmeister Lina Marie , Suttorp Julia , Walter Christiane , Antoniou Evangelia , Behrens Yvonne Lisa , Göhring Gudrun , Awada Amani , von Neuhoff Nils , Reinhardt Dirk , Schneider Markus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNew methods like panel-based RNA fusion sequencing (RNA-FS) promise improved diagnostics in various malignancies. We here analyzed the impact of RNA-FS on the initial diagnostics of 241 cases with pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We show that, compared to classical cytogenetics (CCG), RNA-FS reliably detected risk-relevant fusion genes in pediatric AML. In addition, RNA-FS strongly improved the detection of cryptic fusion genes like NUP98::NSD1, KMT2A::MLLT10 and CBFA2T3::GLIS2 and thereby resulted in an improved risk stratification in 25 patients (10.4%). Validation of additionally detected non-risk-relevant high confidence fusion calls identified PIM3::BRD1, C22orf34::BRD1, PSPC1::ZMYM2 and ARHGAP26::NR3C1 as common genetic variants and MYB::GATA1 as recurrent aberration, which we here describe in AML subtypes M0 and M7 for the first time. However, it failed to detect rare cytogenetically confirmed fusion events like MNX1::ETV6 and other chromosome 12p-abnormalities. As add-on benefit, the proportion of patients for whom measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring became possible was increased by RNA-FS from 44.4 to 75.5% as the information on the fusion transcripts’ sequence allowed the design of new MRD assays.