bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study the Concentration of PAHS in Al-Rumayth River Water-Iraq
Authors: Dalil Inas Azoz , Al-Fanharawi Ali Abdulhamza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study’s goals were to look into PAH concentrations and compositions as well as chemical and physical water characteristics. In Al –Rumaytha river. This study was conducted out during from November 2021 to October 2022. According to the results, sixteen PAHs compounds were found in the water, including According to the results, water contained sixteen different PAHs components including Acenaphthene and Acenaphthylene ranged between (47.1-91.5, 24.9-55.7) ppm, The values Anthracene, Naphthalene, phenanthene and fluorine results ranged (14.9-48.9 ppm,18.9 -68.7ppm,8.9-41.7 ppm,8.5-41 ppm) respectively, the minimum and maximum concentrations of Benzo[A]anthracen, Benzo[B]fluoranthene, Benzo [K] fluorantyene, Benz [G,H] perylen, Benz [A] Pryene, Chrysene, Dibenzo [A,H] Anthracene, Anthracene, Fluoranthene, Indeno and Pryene was 4.1-20.6 ppm, 20.1-69.7ppm, 30.1-97.4 ppm,4.1-36.9 ppm,0.29-1.6ppm 10.5-40.8 ppm, 8.9-36.9 ppm, 6.5-33.4 ppm,2.5-10.2 ppm,1.3-10.4 ppm. The results show that the Al-Rumaytha River is PAH-polluted, with human activities having the greatest negative effects on the river’s water quality and health.
Tissue Propagation of Marjoram Plant (in vitro)
Authors: Saleh Mohammed Mahdi , Zahwan Thamer A. , Ghanim Nadhim Salim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The experiment was conducted in the plant tissue culture laboratory of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Kirkuk for the season 2022. to study the propagation of the marjoram plant tissue from tips of branches outside the body. plant parts were sterilized for a period of 10-15 min, water was used to remove dust, and they were sterilized inside the cultivation table in Naocl sodium hypochlorite solution (commercial minor solution) at a concentration of 6% for 8 minutes in order to remove suspended microscopic parts. plant parts were washed 3 times each for 5 minutes. plant parts were cut, and tips of branches were taken, with (1) cm. with kinetin at, 2, 4, 6, 8) mg. L-1. plants were vaccinated at a temperature of 25 + 2 m 0 with an intensity of illumination was 3000 lux, with a light sequence of 16 hours, followed by 8 hours of darkness, for 4 weeks of cultivation. data were taken for the experiment (length of the longest branch) (number of branches) (number of leaves). after replanting the tips of the branches for another 4 weeks of the multiplication process, data were taken at (length of the longest branch cm) number of leaves/plant part). tips of branches. Regarding the root experience, data were taken (percentage of rooting %) (average number of roots/vegetative part) (average root length/cm) (branch length/cm) (number of leaves/vegetative part) full and half concentration of salt from the same soil were added to cultivated on a medium with different concentrations of IBA.
Effect of Pinching, Paclobutrazol and Kinetin on the Growth and Flowering of Cassia Occidentalis
Authors: Ali Nebras Abbas , Hussein Jinan Qasim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The experiment was conducted in lath house of the Agricultural Preparatory School / Abi Ghareq for the spring season 2022_2023 to study the effect of fencing and spraying with paclobuterol and kinetin and its interaction on the growth and flowering traits of Cassia Occidentalis. Where the symbol for pinching is C1 and no edging is C0, the plants were sprayed with three concentrations of paclobetrazole with two concentrations (0, 0.5 and 1 g. L-1) and its symbol is (P0, P1, P2), and the plants were sprayed with kinetin at concentrations (0, 50 and 100 mg.L-1) and its symbol (K0, K1, K2. It was a split-plot factorial experiment (2*3*3) with three replicates using a Complete Randomized Blocks Design (R.C.B.D).Pinching was the main plot and paclobetrazole, kinetin, and their interactions were the subplot in each replication with 18 treatments and five plants per experimental unit (one plant per pot). The averages were compared using the Least Significant Difference L.S.D test at the 5% level, and the results showed excelled of edging on without pinching in the traits of the leaf area (587.75 cm2) and the number of flowering inflorescences (3.33 inflorescences.plant-1), The treatment of paclobetrazole with a concentration of (1 g.L-1) excelled in plant height (17.15 cm), leaf area (346.17 cm2), length of internodes (1.94 cm), and number of inflorescences (2.7 inflorescences. plant-1). While the treatment of kinetin with a concentration of (100 mg.L-1) excelled in length of the internodes (1.66 cm), the diameter of the flower (3.13 cm), while the treatment of Kinetin with a concentration of (50 mg.L-1) excelled in leaf area (630.20 cm2).
The Effect of Nano-Fertilization and Tube Size on the Vegetative Growth and Yield Characteristics of Two Strawberry Cultivars
Authors: Yassin Salma Kh. , Abdulrahman Ayyub Juma , Abdulrahman Harith Burhan Al-Din 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The experiment was conducted in the unheated plastic house of the Department of Horticulture and Landscaping / College of Agriculture / University of Tikrit in the agricultural season 2021-2022. To study the effect of nano-fertilization at a concentration of 0, 1.5, 3 g, and planting with different sizes of plastic tubes with a diameter of 4, 6, and 8 inches on the vegetative growth and yield characteristics of two strawberry varieties, Fragaria ananassa Duch, Rubygem and Albion. The results showed that there were significant differences between the studied factors, as the tube was superior. 8 inch in the characteristic of the average number of leaves, as it reached 18.00 leaf plant-1, total chlorophyll reached 47.35 SPAD, the yield per plant reached 567.31 gm plant-1, and the yield of the plastic house reached 2297.6 kilograms of plastic house-1. While the two tubes exceeded 6 inch and 8 inch in A number of traits studied, including plant length, which reached 14.56 cm and 14.75 cm, respectively, and the area of one leaf, which reached 46.72 cm2 and 47.06 cm2, respectively, while the total area amounted to 285.63 cm2 and 275.16 cm2, respectively. The cultivar Albion was significantly superior to the cultivar Rubygem in the average plant length of 13.67 cm, in the average number of leaves amounting to 12.78 leaf plant-1, in the proportion of dry matter in the leaves amounted to 49.88%, in the yield of one plant amounted to 414.08 gm plant-1, and the yield of the greenhouse It reached 1677.03 kilograms of plastic house-1, while the foliar spraying with nano-fertilizer was significantly superior to spraying with a concentration of 3 g L-1 in the total chlorophyll content of the leaves and reached 45.61 SPAD, the yield of one plant was 546.62 gm plant-1, and the yield of the greenhouse reached 2213.82 kilograms of house. Plastic-1, while the concentration exceeded 1.5 gm L-1 in the average number of leaves, which reached 13.83 plant leaves-1.
Study on the Cultivation of ‘Marcela’ and ‘Timijan’ Thyme Varieties in the NFT System
Authors: Ali Jailawi Asmaa , Drăghici Elena Maria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The research was done in the Hortinvest greenhouses, which belong to the Quality Research Center Control of Agri-food Products, Faculty of Horticulture, UASMV - Bucharest. Two varieties of Thyme were studied, ‘Marcela’ and ‘Timijan’. Seedlings for the establishment of culture in the NFT system. Insignificant discrepancies between the two research groups’ results were found at the height of the thyme plants. Years 2020, 2021, between the Marcela, Timijan, and control varieties of thyme, and the control variation regarded as the average of the experiments, respectively. The height of the wild thyme plants (Thymus vulgaris) in 2020 was higher for the Timijan variety (37.5 cm) compared to the Marcela variety (34.55 cm). In 2021, in the case of both varieties, the height of the plants was lower compared to that of 2020, i.e. of 31.83 cm for the Timijan variety and of 30.87 cm for the Marcela variety. The average for the two years of crops (2020-2021) was found to be for the plant height of 34.67 cm for the Timijan variety and of 32.71 cm for the Marcela variety. After 30 days from planting in the NFT system, as an average for two years of testing, the fresh wild thyme plants had average weights between 179.7 g for the Timijan variety and 176.9 g for the Marcela variety. We found that in 2020, the plants had a higher average weight compared to 2021. In 2021, the average weight obtained was of 186.25 g for the Marcela variety and of 183.84 g for the Timijan variety. during two years (2020 and 2021) are valuable due to their biochemical composition in the leaves, as well as in the leaves and inflorescences, and can be advised to be grown in the NFT system.
Effect of the Ergostim and Amino Acids on some Chemical Properties and Yield of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under Protected Cultivation
Authors: Al-Nassrallah Rakhaa Shakir Mohammed , Al-Asadi Ahmed Dinar Khalaf 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To investigate the impact of spraying with Ergostim and amino acids on certain chemical traits and yield of Capsicum annuum under protected cultivation and the cultivation of the hybrid cultivar Barbarian, an experiment was conducted in one of the unheated greenhouses at the research station of the College of Agriculture and Marshes / University of Thi Qar, Al-Mustafawiya in the academic year 2021–2022. (1, 2, and 3) ml L-1 and three concentrations of amino acids (0, 2, and 4) ml L-1 by using complete randomized block design with three replicates. The averages of the coefficients of erogostim were compared according to the Least Significant Differences (LSD) test at the probability level of 0.05. The results of the study showed that Spraying the nutrient solution ergostim at a concentration of (3 ml L-1), had a significant effect by increasing the number of flowers, the percentage of fruit set, the average yield of one plant, vitamin C and the cayenne substance Capsaicin where rates were recorded (517.5 flowers plant -1, 98.93%, 4395 gm plant-1, 105.91 mg 100 gm-1, and 2.80 mg kg-1), respectively. As for the amino acids, the concentration (4 ml liter-1) achieved the highest levels, reaching (411.5 flower plant-1, 94.40%, 4089 gm plant-1, 103.60 mg 100 gm-1 and 2.73 mg kg-1) respectively.
Effect of Foliar Spraying with Boron and Brassinolide on the Growth and Flowering of Gladiolus
Authors: Sadiq S. M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Experiments were run in a greenhouse at the University of Baghdad’s College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences to examine the impact of foliar spraying with boron and brassinolide on gladiolus development and blooming. Using a two-factor randomized complete block design (RCBD), a factorial experiment was conducted. The treatment with B4bl3 showed the greatest improvement in terms of plant height (90.75 cm), number of leaves (10.67 leaves), leaf area (125.83)dm2, chlorophyll content in leaves (54.33) mg.g-1, dry weight (58.17 g), number of corms (7.33 corms), corm diameter (4.800 cm), and corm weight (58.17 g). The number of flowers produced (9.67) and the length of time they last in a vase (14.67) were also improved upon. The flowering period was shortened from 75.00 days to 14.67 days.
The Relationship Between Plumage Color, Genetic Group and Their Interaction on Quail’s Performance
Authors: Ibrahim Firas Khaleel , Al-Neemy Majid Ahmed Sabri 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The goal of this study is to identified the relationship between plumage color (white and brown), genetic group (Ukrainian and local) and their interaction on quail’s performance during their growth (1-6 weeks) and production (up to 8 weeks) periods. The study was conducted at Nineveh Research Department/Agricultural Research Office. The results for the growth period demonstrated that the Ukrainian quail was superior to the local quail for each of the characteristics of body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and Feed conversion ratio. The FC and FCR both increased significantly for the brown quail over the white quail for all weeks of the experiment, while the weekly weight gain fluctuated between the two colors. The brown quail also had a significant increase in body weight over the white quail. For the majority of the experiment’s weeks, the brown and white Ukrainian quail outperformed the brown and white local birds in most of the qualities being studied. During the production period, the Ukrainian quail’s FCR (g feed / g egg mass) and age at first egg’s lay were significantly lower than those of the local quail, The Ukrainian quail significantly outweighed the local quail in terms of the hen weight at first egg, first egg weight, the number, and weight of eggs produced during 8 weeks, eggs mass, eggs number/ female, hatching %, fertility %, and the hatching from the fertility %. The characteristics above did not appear to be affected by the white or brown plumage color, in comparison to local white and brown quail, the age at first egg and the FCR (g feed/g egg mass) were significantly lower in Ukrainian white and brown quail. Except for egg weight and food consumption /bird, all of the aforementioned variables were significantly higher in the Ukrainian white and brown quails than in the local white and brown quails.
Preparation of Chitosan from Agaricus bisporus Brown Stems and Studying some Its Physicochemical and Functional Properties
Authors: Shahadha Abbas F. , Al-Aubadi Inas M. , Merzah Nazar R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe stems of the brownAgaricus bisporusmushroom, which were obtained from the Al-Wadq mushroom farm / Baghdad, The chemical composition of the mushroom stems was estimated as the proportions of the mushroom components: moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrates (91, 2.8, 0.25, 0.88, 5.07)% respectively. Chitin was extracted from the stemsofA. bisporusbrown mushrooms by chemical method using 2 M sodium hydroxide solution and 2% acetic acid. The percentage of chitin extracted from mushroom stems was 13.8%. Chitosan was prepared from the stems ofA. bisporusbrown using a 50% sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 100°C for 3 hours, and the percentage of chitosan in mushroom stems was 10.5%. The chitosan under study was identified using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). The degree of deacetylation of chitosan produced from the stems ofA. bisporusbrown was 83%. The viscosity of mushroom stems chitosan was 40cP. When the viscosity was estimated by dissolving chitosan in 1% acetic acid solution, the molecular weight of mushroom stems chitosan was 46.922 kDa. The stems chitosan was distinguished by its high solubility in 1% acetic acid solution, reaching 90%.
Effect of Adding Taurine and Vitamin C on Physiological Performance and Antioxidant State of Broiler Chickens During Summer Season
Authors: Al-Qaisy Noor Emad Abd , Saied Zaed Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted in animal production farm during in Collage Agriculture - University of Anbar during to aimed to study the effect of effect of adding taurine and vitamin C on physiological performance of broiler chickens during summer season. 180 one day unsexed hatched chicks will distributed into five treatments with three replicates for each treatment, as the following T1, control treatment, T2 adding 300 mg of vitamin C / kg diet, T3, T4 and T5 adding 300, 600 and 900 mg of taurine / kg diet respectively. The results showed there is no significant effect of adding taurine and vitamin C on total protein, albumin, uric acid, creatinine, glucose and Triglycerides as well as the addition of taurine and vitamin C to diet caused a significant decreased in AST, ALT and MDA compared with control treatment. AST enzyme level was 5.493 U/L in T1 compared with 4.630, 4.677, 4.387 and 4.234 U/L while the ALT level was 6.433 U/L and decreased to 3.933, 5.027, 4.033 and 3.383 U/L in T2-T5, respectively as well as MDA concentration was 0.1504 and 0.1127 and decreased to 0.0853 in T3 and 0.0968 in T4 and the highest decreased was in T5 treatment 0.0868.
The Effect of Substituting De-Hulled Sunflower Meal Instead of Soybean Meal with or Without Adding Xylanase Enzyme to the Ration on Productive Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chicks
Authors: Al-molah Mohammed Ibrahim , Kloor Ibrahim Said 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of replacing de-hulled sunflower meal (Dh-SFM) with soybean meal (SBM) by (0, 33, 66 and 100)% as a protein source in diets with or without the addition of xylanase on productive performance and some Characteristics of broiler carcasses. Where he used (360) unsexed broiler chicks (Ross-308), distributed randomly in a two-factor experiment (4×2) into eight treatments, in each treatment three replications, with (15) chicks for each replicate, homogeneous in weights. and for a period lasted (42) days. The results showed that the replacement of de-hulled sunflower meal by (33%) did not significantly affect the live body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion factor and the percentage of dressing compared with the control treatment. While a significant deterioration (P≤0.05) was observed in all of these traits when the substitution level was increased to 66 and 100%. The results also showed that the partial substitution treatment (33% Dh-SFM with xylanase enzyme) did not differ significantly from the negative and positive control treatments in live body weight, weight gains, feed conversion factor, and the relative weight of the gizzard. While a significant decrease (P≤0.05) was observed for the partial and total substitution treatments (66 and 100% Dh-SFM with or without xylanase enzyme) in live body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion factor, and carcass characteristics, with an increase in relative weight compared with the control treatment.
A comparative Study of Blood Physiological Characteristics in Common Carp Fish Reared in Earthen Ponds in Different Locations at the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Central Iraq
Authors: Aliwi Akram Haider , Attee Raaed Sami , Abbas Luay Mohmad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of showing the effect of location and water quality on the blood and physiological characteristics of Common Carp fish. This study was carried out in four different sites in central Iraq for the period from 1/June 2022 to 30/November 2022, where the sites of Dujail and Suwayrah at the Tigris River were used, and the sites of Fallujah and Al-Mahawel at the Euphrates River. 120 fish were collected from the four sites, 30 fish for each site, and some traits were measured. The physiology of fish blood represented by the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, compacted blood volume, and hemoglobin concentration. The findings revealed that there were very substantial changes in the amount of compressed blood, the number of red and white blood cells, and the number of red and white blood cells between the Dujail and Fallujah locations, as it recorded 2.0 cells × 10 6 / mm3 and 32.8 cells × 10 3 / mm3 and 38.4 cells, respectively, in the Dujail site, and it recorded 1.8 cells × 10 6 / mm3. mm 3 and 30.9 cells × 10 3 / mm 3 and 37.3, respectively, in the Fallujah site, while there were no significant differences between the sites of Al-Suwaira and Al-Mahaweel. The results showed that there were highly significant differences in hemoglobin concentration between Dujail, Suwaira and Fallujah, as it recorded 12.0, 11.1 and 9.0, respectively. While there were no significant differences between the site of Al-Suwaira and Al-Mahaweel in hemoglobin concentration.
Effect of Adding a Phytogenic Plant Additive (PFA) in some Productive Traits of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Jader Magareb Mohamed , Jassim Jafer Mohamed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This experiment was conducted in Poultry house of the Department of Animal Production / College of Agriculture / University of Basrah 19/11/2020 to 23/12/2020to find out the effect of adding the plant additive ((PFA) to feed and water at different time periods on some productive traits of broiler. Two hundred and fifty-two unsexed 1-day-old (ROSS 308) broiler chicks were randomly distributed in 7 groups each one consisting of 3 replicates (12 birds/replicate) as follows : The results showed that the addition of the phytoogenic to the diet or water led to a significant improvement (p≤0.05)in the productive characteristics, which included body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion coefficient, compared to the control group The results showed that the addition of the phytoogenic to the diet or water led to a significant improvement (p≤0.05)in the productive characteristics, which included body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion coefficient, compared to the control group.
Effect of Different Levels of Soil Salinity on Vegetative Growth Indicators of Four Genotypes of Broad Bean Vicia faba L.
Authors: Merhij Mohammed Y. , Al-Khafaji Hamzah Mohsin Kadhim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A field experiment for the winter season (2022-2023) was carried out in the field of the Department of Crops / Faculty of Agriculture - Al-Qasim Green University, to find out the effect of different levels of soil salinity on vegetative growth indicators for four genetic structures of beans using the design of complete random sectors according to factor experiments, as the main panels included Genotypes (local, Turkish, Spanish, Dutch) while the secondary panels included three levels of soil salinity (2, 6 and 9 ds/m). The results indicated that there are significant differences at the level of probability of 5% of the studied qualities, as the Turkish variety outperformed the average vegetative growth, as it gave the highest average in the characteristic of plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area, root length and dry weight of the root system, either the local variety outperformed in the characteristic of the number of days of planting up to 50% flowering., leaf area, root length and dry weight of the root system, Compared to the salt level (9 ds/m), which achieved the lowest average of these traits, which differed significantly from the comparison treatment by achieving the lowest number of days of cultivation up to 5% flowering.
Investigation of ER308L and ER309L filler wires on dissimilar metals between carbon steel and 3CR12 ferritic stainless steel by GTAW through boiler fabrication in a sugar factory
Authors: Luijan Jinkamon , Surin Prayoon , Eidhed Kittee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dissimilar metal welding is a popular process in very large coal and gold, power generation, and pulp and paper factories. It has mainly been applied to produce large boilers in sugar factories. The aim of the present study was to examine the characteristics of dissimilar metal welded joints made from carbon steel and 3CR12 ferritic stainless steel. The welding specimen was made from filler wires of ER308L and ER309L, and a gas tungsten arc welding process was employed for the V-shaped butt weld joints. The effects of the process parameters, such as the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties, were investigated. The results from the welding parameters with filler wire of ER308L applied at 70A of welding current showed the microstructure of delta ferrite and austenite. In comparison, 100A of welding current presents delta ferrite, austenite, and martensite. Furthermore, carbide formation was not observed in the fusion zones of any of the experiments. When the ER308L filler wire was used, the amount of delta ferrite was higher than that of the ER309L filler wire, and the amount of delta ferrite increased with increasing hardness. In addition, the results of the filler wire of ER308L could replace the ER309L filler wire, which effectively reduces the material cost.