bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Welche Bedeutung hat die sexuelle Reproduktion für den Erfolg der Art Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth?
Authors: Grüttner A. , Heinze U. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractAls Quellen der Variabilität im Potential der sexuellen Reproduktion fanden sich Unterschiede in der Keimungsgeschwindigkeit (entspelzte Karyopsen keimten rascher und synchroner), bei den Keimraten und vor allem bei der Zahl keimfähiger Diasporen pro Rispe. Von den anderen abweichend zeigten kleine isolierte Bestände geringere Keimraten und brachten – wohl bedingt durch Selbstinkompatibilität – kaum keimfähige Diasporen hervor.Bei gezielter Suche fanden sich Keimlinge auf offenen, zumindest leicht tonhaltigen Rohböden. Das Wachstum der Keimlinge stagnierte und keiner von über 6000 überlebte bis zum nächsten Jahr. Da Bewässerung die Entwicklung auf dem selben Substrat sehr förderte, war offenbar Wassermangel für das geringe Wachstum ausschlaggebend. Die erfolgreiche generative Etablierung ist also auf den Zufall günstiger Witterungsphasen oder Standorte angewiesen.Auch im Frühjahr waren noch keimfähige Diasporen in aufrechten Rispen nachweisbar, sodass sich der Diasporenfall mehr oder weniger über das gesamte Jahr erstreckt. Im Zusammenspiel mit dem Fehlen von Dormanz ermöglicht das die Nutzung nicht vorhersagbarer günstiger Witterungsphasen.Bei einem Kulturversuch kamen einzelne Individuen auch mit schwierigen Substraten gut zurecht, auf denen die Mehrzahl kümmerte. Danach ergibt sich die standörtliche Breite der Art C. epigejos als Summe sehr unterschiedlicher Reaktionsnormen der Individuen.Die angeführten Befunde unterstreichen insgesamt die Bedeutung der sexuellen Reproduktion und der genetischen Diversität für den Erfolg der Art.
Einfluss extensiver Bewirtschaftung auf die Segetalflora sandiger Standorte unter Berücksichtigung phänologischer Aspekte
Authors: Litterski B. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractDer Einfluss unterschiedlicher extensiver Bewirtschaftungsweisen auf die Segetalflora ertragsschwacher, sandiger Standorte wird verglichen. Es wird deutlich, dass sich längere bearbeitungsfreie Zeiten (z. B. Stoppelbrache) positiv auf die Artenvielfalt auswirken und dass sowohl typische Segetalpflanzen sandiger Standorte (Zielarten) als auch Unkräuter von der Bewirtschaftung beeinflusst werden. Angaben über den Lebenszyklus einiger Segetalpflanzen werden ergänzt bzw. bestätigt.
Parathyroid adenoma autoinfarction: A report of a case
Authors: Govindaraj Satish , Wasserman Jared , Rezaee Rod , Pearl Adam , Bergman Donald A. , Wang Beverly Y. , Urken Mark L. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractBackground.Parathyroid adenoma autoinfarction, although uncommon, is an entity that has been previously reported in the literature; however, the influence of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) monitoring on therapeutic management has not been reported.Methods.We present a case of parathyroid autoinfarction that is unique in that it applies a new technology to parathyroid surgery: intraoperative PTH monitoring.Results.Intraoperative PTH monitoring aided in the successful surgical management of this patient.Conclusions.Intraoperative PTH monitoring can serve as a therapeutic adjunct in the surgical management of parathyroid adenoma autoinfarction. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 695–699, 2003
Treatment of gustatory sweating (Frey's syndrome) with botulinum toxin A
Authors: Eckardt André , Kuettner Christian 
Published: July 2003

AbstractBackground.Gustatory sweating is a common complication of parotid surgery. Injection of botulinum toxin A has been reported as a safe and effective treatment option for patients with Frey's syndrome.Patients and Methods.A total of 69 patients who had undergone superficial parotidectomy because of adenoma were evaluated with respect to the incidence of Frey's syndrome and treatment interest. Minor's iodine starch test was used to detect the affected skin area. Affected skin areas were documented using a digital camera; skin areas were evaluated morphometrically. A single injection of Botox per 1 cm2 skin field was administered to those patients interested in treatment.Results.Of 43 patients (62%) with gustatory sweating, 33 patients requested treatment. The affected skin area varied from 16 cm2 to 81 cm2. The individual Botox dosage ranged from 16 to 80 IU. All relevant clinical symptoms of sweating disappeared within 1 week after a single injection. Treatment was well tolerated with no side effects.Conclusion.Botox A injection is a safe and effective treatment with long‐lasting effects for patients with extensive gustatory sweating. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 624–628, 2003
Comparison of pharyngoesophageal segment pressure in total laryngectomy patients with and without pharyngeal neurectomy
Authors: Köybaşıoğlu Ahmet , Öz Övgü , Uslu Sabri , İleri Fikret , İnal Erdoğan , Ünal Selahattin 
Published: July 2003

AbstractBackground.To compare pharyngoesophageal segment (PES) pressure values in total laryngectomy patients with and without pharyngeal neurectomy (PN) in the early postoperative period.Methods.Forty‐five previously untreated laryngeal carcinoma patients were enrolled into this prospective randomized study. Twenty of them underwent total laryngectomy with PN, and 25 underwent total laryngectomy without PN. PES pressures were measured on the tenth postoperative day with a four‐channel catheter.Results.Average PES pressures in patients with and without pharyngeal neurectomy were 12.82 ± 6.11 mmHg and 17.40 ± .72 mmHg respectively (p < .05). When compared with the critical point of 20 mmHg that is closely related to voice attainment in the group without pharyngeal neurectomy, 10 (40%) patients had pressure levels greater than 20 mmHg and in the other group only 1 (5%) patient had a pressure level greater than 20 mmHg. The difference between the groups with pressure levels greater than 20 mmHg was found to be statistically significant (p < .05).Conclusions.Pharyngeal neurectomy results in a statistically significant decrease of PES pressures in total laryngectomy patients. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 617–623, 2003
Rhabdomyoma of the head and neck: Clinicopathologic features of two cases
Authors: Favia Gianfranco , Muzio Lorenzo Lo , Serpico Rosario , Maiorano Eugenio 
Published: July 2003

AbstractBackground.Extracardiac rhabdomyomas are rare benign tumors of the head and neck. They are frequently misdiagnosed and possibly overtreated when confused with other aggressive tumors.Methods.This article reports on the clinicopathologic features of two such tumors affecting adult patients and initially seen as slowly‐growing, indolent neoplasms.Results.The tumors were of fibrous consistency, mobile, with well‐demarcated borders and evident lines of cleavage. Both patients were treated by conservative surgery and remained disease‐free after prolonged clinical observation. Histologically, both tumors were composed of large eosinophilic cells intermingled with polyhedral clear cells. Both cell types contained abundant glycogen accumulations.Conclusions.The differential diagnosis is with granular cell tumor and with sarcomas, the former being easily distinguishable morphologically, and the latter be seen with more rapid growth and adherence to the adjacent tissues. On the basis of the preceding features, rhabdomyomas can be suspected at a preoperative stage and adequately managed with enucleation or simple excision. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 700–704, 2003
Cricopharyngeal spasm and Zenker's diverticulum
Authors: Veenker Elizabeth A. , Andersen Peter E. , Cohen James I. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractCricopharyngeal spasm and Zenker's diverticulum represent disorders of the pharyngoesophageal junction for which a unifying theory of etiology has yet to be established. There is, however, a large body of evidence that supports an association with gastroesophageal reflux. Cricopharyngeal myotomy is the key to successful management of both disorders. Newer transoral endoscopic techniques of management have a lower overall morbidity than traditional open approaches in appropriately selected patients and are therefore gaining popularity as the preferred method of treatment. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 681–694, 2003
Therapy evaluation of laryngeal carcinomas by tyrosine‐pet
Authors: de Boer Jurjan R. , Pruim Jan , Burlage Fred , Krikke Allard , Tiebosch Anton T. M. G. , Albers Frans W. J. , Vaalburg Willem , van der Laan Bernard F. A. M. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractIntroduction.One of the major problems in head and neck oncology is determination of tumor status after radiotherapy. Physical examination and conventional imaging by CT and MRI do not always accurately differentiate between residual or recurrent tumor and posttreatment inflammation, fibrosis, edema, or scarring. The feasibility of positron emission tomography (PET) with L‐[1‐11C]‐tyrosine (TYR) for therapy evaluation of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas by identification of residual or recurrent disease after radiotherapy was investigated.Patients and Methods.Nineteen patients with laryngeal carcinomas had standard workups with endoscopy and conventional imaging. All subjects underwent a TYR PET scan (PET1) before definitive treatment. For determination of tumor status, a second TYR PET scan (PET2) was performed 3 months after radiotherapy. At the time of scanning, seven patients were clinically suspected of having residual disease, and in these cases, additional CT imaging and biopsies during endoscopy were performed. During the minimal follow‐up period of 29 months, six patients had clinical suspicion of recurrent disease. In these six cases, a third TYR PET (PET3), CT imaging, and biopsy were performed.Results.All pretreatment tumors were depicted by TYR PET (PET1). Three months after radiotherapy, sensitivity and specificity of TYR PET (PET2) for discrimination between residual tumor and benign posttreatment tissue changes were both 100%, and for CT, 50% and 67%, respectively. For detection of recurrent tumor during follow‐up, sensitivity and specificity of TYR PET (PET3) were also 100%, and CT, 75% and 50%, respectively.Conclusions.Dynamic TYR PET is an accurate imaging modality for therapy evaluation in detection of residual and recurrent disease with higher sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%) for discrimination of tumor status by TYR PET compared with conventional imaging. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 634–644, 2003
P53 mutation correlates with cisplatin sensitivity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma lines
Authors: Bradford Carol R. , Zhu Shaobo , Ogawa Haruko , Ogawa Tetsuya , Ubell Matthew , Narayan Ajita , Johnson Garfield , Wolf Gregory T. , Fisher Susan G. , Carey Thomas E. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractBackground.A critical factor for successful organ preservation treatment in head and neck cancer may be selecting tumors that respond to chemotherapy and radiation. Previous results in patients indicated that tumors that overexpressed p53 were more sensitive to chemotherapy than those that did not overexpress p53.Methods.To determine the relationship of p53 mutations to sensitivity to cisplatin in vitro, 23 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines were analyzed for cisplatin sensitivity, p53 expression, and p53 mutation status.Results.Mutations of the p53 gene were identified in 13 of 23 of the cell lines tested. Mutation of the p53 gene was significantly associated with high levels of expression of the p53 protein. The average ID50 (drug dose required to inhibit 50% of cell growth) for cell lines with mutant p53 was 6.8 μM, whereas the average ID50 for cell lines with wild‐type p53 was 13.7 μM.Conclusions.These in vitro data support a role for mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene as a marker for response to cisplatin in HNSCC. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 654–661, 2003
Distant metastases after definitive radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Al‐Othman Majid O. F. , Morris Christopher G. , Hinerman Russell W. , Amdur Robert J. , Mendenhall William M. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractPurpose.To analyze parameters that influence the risk of distant metastases after definitive radiotherapy.Methods.Between 1983 and 1997, 873 patients were treated with definitive radiotherapy and had follow‐up for 2 years or more. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate risk factors that might influence the risk of distant metastases.Results.The 5‐year distant metastasis‐free survival rate was 86%. Univariate analyses revealed that the risk of distant metastases was significantly influenced by gender (p = .0092), primary site (p = .0023), T stage (p < .0001), N stage (p < .0001), overall stage (p < .0001), level of nodal metastases in the neck (p < .0001), histologic differentiation (p = .0096), control above the clavicles (p < .0001), and time to locoregional recurrence (p < .0001). Multivariate analysis of freedom from distant metastases revealed that gender (p = .0390), T stage (p < .0001), N stage (p = .0060), nodal level (p < .0001), and locoregional control (p < .0001) significantly influenced this end point. Multivariate analysis revealed that gender (p = .0049), T stage (p < .0001), N stage (p < .0001), and locoregional control (p < .0001) significantly influenced cause‐specific survival.Conclusions.The risk of distant metastases after definitive radiotherapy is 14% at 5 years and is significantly influenced by gender, T stage, N stage, nodal level, and locoregional control. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 629–633, 2003
Anaplastic transformation of thyroid cancer: Review of clinical, pathologic, and molecular evidence provides new insights into disease biology and future therapy
Authors: Wiseman Sam M. , Loree Thom R. , Rigual Nestor R. , Hicks Wesley L. , Douglas Wade G. , Anderson Garth R. , Stoler Daniel L. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractBackground.Anaplastic thyroid cancer ranks among the most lethal of all human malignancies. Its rarity and rapidly fatal course have made it a difficult cancer to both study and treat. Unfortunately, there has been little progress in the management and control of this malignancy. Anaplastic transformation, or the intratumoral evolution of anaplastic carcinoma from pre‐existing differentiated thyroid cancer, has become a well‐accepted process, despite a limited understanding of its underlying mechanisms.Methods.It is through review of the literature that an understanding of the aggressive disease biology can be developed. The aim of this review is to evaluate the relevant clinical, pathologic, and molecular studies to develop an insight into the mechanisms that underlie the intratumoral molecular evolution of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.Results/Conclusion.It is based on an understanding of this process that effective treatments for this aggressive malignancy are currently being developed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 662–670, 2003
A histological comparison of deep and superficial lobe pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid gland
Authors: Harney Michael S. , Murphy Colette , Hone Stephen , Toner Mary , Timon Conrad V. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractBackground.Excision of parotid superficial lobe pleomorphic adenomas requires removal of a surrounding cuff of normal parotid tissue. Less aggressive dissection in removing pleomorphic adenomas that occur in the deep lobe of the parotid gland does not seem to compromise prognosis in these patients. We attempted to define histologic characteristics, differentiating superficial and deep lobe tumors, in an attempt to explain this clinical phenomenon.Method.Thirty‐one pleomorphic adenomas, 12 deep‐lobe tumors, and 19 superficial lobe tumors were analyzed and compared, looking at tumor size, capsule thickness, penetration of tumor through capsule, and predominant cell types present.Results.The superficial lobe tumors had significantly thinner capsules (p = .02). There was increased extracapsular extension of tumor in the superficial lobe group compared with the deep lobe group (79% and 58%, respectively). The tumors were larger in patients with deep lobe lesions (2.6 cm vs 3.6 cm). There was no difference in predominant cell types.Conclusions.The anatomic location of deep lobe tumors is a likely explanation for the histologic differences observed in this study. These important differences allow less aggressive dissection in deep lobe tumors without compromising prognosis. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 649–653, 2003
Using thallium‐201 SPECT to detect recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy in patients with indeterminate CT findings
Authors: Shiau Yu‐Chien , Liu Feng‐Yuan , Huang Wen‐Sheng , Yen Ruoh‐Fang , Kao Chia‐Hung 
Published: July 2003

AbstractBackground.The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of thallium‐201 (Tl‐201) single‐photon emission CT (SPECT) to detect recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) when CT findings are indeterminate.Methods.After radiotherapy, 30 NPC patients with indeterminate CT findings were included. CT, Tl‐201, and biopsy were performed at least 4 months after radiotherapy and within 1 week of each other. The final results were based on histopathologic findings and clinical follow‐up after at least 6 months.Results.The rates for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Tl‐201 SPECT in detecting recurrent or residual NPC when there were indeterminate CT findings, were 86.7%, 93.3%, and 90.0%, respectively.Conclusions.These results suggest that Tl‐201 SPECT is effective in detecting recurrent or residual NPC when CT findings are indeterminate. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 645–648, 2003
Hard palate resection, microvascular reconstruction, and prosthetic restoration: A 14‐year retrospective analysis
Authors: Bernhart Brendan J. , Huryn Joseph M. , Disa Joseph , Shah Jatin P. , Zlotolow Ian M. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractBackground.This retrospective analysis was conducted to evaluate self‐reported patient and clinician assessed functional outcomes of patients who have undergone ablative hard palate oncologic resection and microvascular free‐flap reconstruction with and without maxillofacial prosthetic intervention.Methods.All Head and Neck Surgery Service, Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery Service, and Dental Service charts and progress notes entered into the Institutional Health Care Information System of 57 patients who underwent hard palate resection and microvascular reconstruction at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) between January 1, 1988, and December 31, 2001 were reviewed retrospectively by three maxillofacial prosthodontists (BJB, JMH, IMZ). Prosthetic and nonprosthetic rehabilitation outcomes for each patient were reported as having normal; limited; or poor esthetics and function according to each prosthodontist's clinical evaluations; patients' self‐perceptions; and feedback from friends, family members, and/or spouse. Speech intelligibility was determined in the same manner but reported as normal, hypernasal, and hyponasal.Results.Most of the 26 prosthetically rehabilitated patients were reported as having normal esthetics (81%), normal function (77%), normal speech (96%), and were able to return to per oral full diets (81%) without any restrictions.Conclusions.Acceptable oral rehabilitation outcomes were reported for most prosthetically rehabilitated free‐flap patients. Normal speech can be anticipated with a high degree of certainty, and a high percentage of prosthetically restored free‐flap patients achieved per oral diets. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 25: 671–680, 2003
Methods for the identiﬁcation of chemical respiratory allergens in rodents: comparisons of cytokine proﬁling with induced changes in serum IgE
Authors: Dearman R. J. , Skinner R. A. , Humphreys N. E. , Kimber I. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractNo validated or widely recognized test methods are currently available for the prospective identiﬁcation of chemicals with the potential to cause respiratory allergy. The cellular and molecular mechanisms that result in the induction of chemical sensitization of the respiratory tract are unclear, although there is evidence for the selective development of T helper 2 (Th2)‐type responses and, in some cases, the production of IgE antibody. We have therefore examined the utility of cytokine proﬁling using BALB/c mice, together with the measurement of induced increases in the total serum concentration of IgE in the Brown Norway (BN) rat, as markers for the prospective identiﬁcation of chemical respiratory allergens. Responses provoked by the reference respiratory allergen trimellitic anhydride (TMA) have been compared with those stimulated by the respiratory sensitizing diisocyanates toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and by the acid anhydride hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA). Topical exposure of BN rats to TMA, TDI and HHPA each provoked marked immune activation (increases in lymph node cellularity and proliferation). However, only treatment with TMA stimulated vigorous increases in the total serum concentration of IgE. In contrast, exposure to HHPA, TDI or HDI failed to provoke signiﬁcant changes in serum IgE concentration or induced only transient and relatively weak increases in serum IgE levels. In parallel experiments using BALB/c strain mice, however, topical application of all four chemical respiratory allergens provoked a marked Th2‐type cytokine secretion proﬁle in draining lymph node cells. These data suggest that the measurement of induced changes in serum IgE is not sufﬁciently sensitive for the robust identiﬁcation of chemical respiratory allergens. Furthermore, irrespective of the reasons for variations in TMA‐induced IgE production among BN rats, doubts remain regarding the utility of these animals for the characterization of immune responses to chemical allergens. Cytokine proﬁling using the BALB/c strain mouse apparently provides a more robust method for the hazard assessment of chemical respiratory allergens. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence for redox cycling of lawsone (2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone) in the presence of the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system
Authors: Osman A. M. , van Noort P. C. M. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThis study reports that lawsone (2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone) undergoes redox cycling in the presence of the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system. The rate of cytochrome c reduction obtained in the presence of 80 µM lawsone was almost three times the rate of cytochrome c reduction measured in its absence. This increase in the rate of cytochrome c reduction was partially inhibited by superoxide dismutase, suggesting the involvement of O2•− in this process. It is remarkable to note that, even though lawsone is considered to be a non‐redox‐cycling quinone in vitro, this quinone was shown to be more toxic in vivo in rats than menadione, causing haemolytic anemia of an oxidative nature and renal damage. The view that this quinone is a non‐redox‐cycling quinone was based on the inability of one‐electron‐transferring ﬂavoenzymes such as NADPH‐cytochrome c reductase to reduce this naphthoquinone. Our ﬁnding that lawsone, like menadione, undergoes redox cycling in the presence of the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system could explain the observed oxidative damage of tissues inﬂicted by this quinone in rats in vivo. Such an observation therefore reconciles the in vivo toxicity results of this naphthoquinone with those of in vitro experiments. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.