bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remote learning during COVID-19 and transformative learning theory: tendency towards Quadruple Helix model for future post-secondary education in Indigenous contexts
Authors: Hossain Amzad , Kong Ying , Malik Amjad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to examine UCN (University College of the North) students’ remote learning experience during the COVID-19 pandemic to provide a reference for future remote education in Indigenous contexts. Survey data are used for empirical analysis of the five themes: socio-demographic contexts; social activities, stress, and well-being; academic performance; course delivery; and student support services. Transformative learning theory and Quadruple Helix Model are used as a framework to explore the breadth and depth of such five themes. As the descriptive study shows, the majority of UCN students are over 25 years old and study in their first and second year with major challenges such as Internet connectivity, private space, and interruption. Mean values reveal that the remote learning performance is determined by concerns about COVID-19 infection, mental and physical health, isolation and lack of socio-cultural activities, students’ self-preparedness and motivation, and support services. The regression analysis shows that students’ concerns about COVID-19 infection interference with course completion are directly affected by their worries about themselves or someone in their families who could be exposed to COVID-19, their mental health, and blended course delivery. Therefore, students’ remote learning performance and their well-being will be enhanced if we take into consideration improving social distancing, educational technology, and course delivery with community–university culturally responsive collaboration. The research findings and the reviewed literature attest that transformative learning theory fits UCN’s remote learning practices to meet educational goals through the university–community collaboration, which is supported by the Quadruple Helix model. As a result, such remote learning practices engage students, particularly Indigenous students, and the practices will help upgrade universities with similar attributes globally into Mode 3 universities, contributing to community economic development.
How effective are interventions to reduce damage to agricultural crops from herbivorous wild birds and mammals? A systematic review protocol
Authors: Eklund Ann , Månsson Johan , Frank Jens 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
An important conservation challenge is to mitigate negative impacts that wild birds and mammals can have on human practices and livelihoods, and not least on agricultural crops. Technical interventions to limit the number and severity of damages are available, but evaluations of intervention effectiveness are usually limited in scope, and meta-analyses are rare. This protocol describes a systematic review that seeks to answer the following question: How effective are evaluated interventions in reducing damage from herbivorous wild birds and mammals on agricultural crops?

Methods
The literature searches are made in the databases Scopus and Zoological Record. The search string is based on a Population-Intervention-Comparator-Outcome (PICO) formatted research question, and search terms fall within five categories: Wildlife type (Population), Damage object (Population), Counteraction (Intervention), Evaluation (Comparator), and Damage (Outcome). Initial scoping searches informed amendment of the search string. A set of 19 benchmark articles were used to estimate the ability of the scoping search to capture relevant literature. To be eligible for inclusion in the review, original articles should study cases where settings of exposure to interventions (measures implemented to reduce damages on agricultural crops caused by terrestrial birds and mammals) are compared to a control setting without exposure to interventions. Eligible studies will be subject to data extraction, systematically documented in an Excel spreadsheet. Associated risk of bias will be critically appraised for the included articles according to seven criteria: 1. risk of confounding biases, 2. risk of post-intervention selection biases, 3. risk of misclassified comparison biases (observational studies only), 4. risk of performance biases (experimental studies only), 5. risk of detection biases, 6. risk of outcome reporting biases, and 7. risk of outcome assessment biases. The results will be reported in narrative and, if possible, quantitative syntheses. The quantitative synthesis will include a summary statistic calculated based on the data of each study and illustrated graphically in a forest plot. If possible, meta-regression analyses will be conducted.
Weight stigma is associated with body mass index among college students in Taiwan: the mediated role of internalized weight stigma
Authors: Lin Yi-Ching , Lin Chung-Ying , Saffari Mohsen , Tsai Meng-Che , Chang Yun-Hsuan , Strong Carol , Chen Ji-Kang , Hsieh Yi-Ping , Yang Yung-Ning , Latner Janet D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Weight stigma is an issue often studied in Western countries; however, such information is scarce in Asian studies.

Methods
This study aimed to examine the role of internalized weight stigma as a mediator in the relationship between perceived weight stigma and changes in body mass index (BMI). The data were collected through a longitudinal online survey with two phases (n = 974; Phase 1: August and September 2021; Phase 2: November and December 2021). The Perceived Weight Stigma Scale (PWSS), Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ), and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale − 21 (DASS-21) were administered to assess perceived weight stigma, internalized weight stigma, and psychological distress. Hierarchical regressions were used to examine the proposed model, and Hayes’ Process Macro was used to test a mediation model.

Results
The changes in perceived weight stigma and internalized weight stigma were significantly and positively associated with changes in BMI. There were significant and positive associations between perceived weight stigma, internalized weight stigma and psychological distress over time. Change in internalized weight stigma was found to be a significant mediator in the association of change in perceived weight stigma with change in BMI for the entire sample (unstandardized coefficient = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.06), female subgroup (unstandardized coefficient = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.08), and male subgroup (unstandardized coefficient = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.06). Change in perceived weight stigma also had significant effects on change in BMI for the entire sample and the female subgroup, but not for the male subgroup.

Conclusion
Because perceived weight stigma may significantly impact changes in BMI through internalized weight stigma, treatment strategies to ameliorate self-stigma may enhance the results of weight-reduction programs. Such treatment strategies should be considered for inclusion in weight-loss interventions.
In vitro antiviral effect of cinnamon oil, Moringa oleifera extract, Manuka honey, and Nigella sativa oil against SARS-CoV-2 compared to remdesivir
Authors: El-Meidany Walaa M. R. , Abdel-Gawad Fagr K. , Mahmoud Sara H. , Ali Mohamed A. A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is of a public health importance as it is continually evolving due to random mutations. New mutations can potentially affect the degree of infectiousness, virulence, and can increase the virus’ capability to evade adaptive immune responses of the body. Immunity is one of the key factors determining the extent of severity of SARS-CoV-2 patients. Therefore, thinking about natural remedies is the way to boost immunity, keep the body protected, and able to fight the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We aimed to make progress in the field of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nutraceuticals, thus providing a safe and natural alternative to traditional chemically manufactured medications.

Methods
The cytotoxic activity (CC50) of the natural products was tested experimentally in vitro on the VERO-E6 cells using a crystal violet assay. The cells were then treated with different concentrations of the natural products of Moringa oleifera leaves extract, cinnamon bark oil extract, Manuka honey, and Nigella sativa oil. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) value and the CC50 value were calculated in order to measure the antiviral effect of on SARS-CoV-2 virus compared to antiviral Remdesivir drug.

Results
The tested natural products of honey and extracts exhibited pronounced virucidal effect against one of the most challenging viruses worldwide which is the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The results showed that the highest selectivity index was the Manuka honey + 20 UMF with SI of 10.23. The second sample following Manuka honey regarding its efficiency was the mixture of the three extracts with the honey (SI = 7.12), then followed by Remdesivir antiviral drug (SI = 3.3), then Moringa oleifera leaves extract (SI = 2.1). The last two products showing the least SI were Nigella sativa oil (SI = 1.6) and cinnamon bark oil (SI = 1.08), respectively.

Conclusions
Manuka honey + 20 UMF alone or combined with other three extracts of Moringa oleifera, Nigella sativa, and cinnamon bark oil have a much stronger in vitro antiviral effect on SARS-CoV-2 virus than the traditional antiviral drug Remdesivir. Further research will be needed to test the effectiveness of these natural products in vivo as an antiviral remedy against SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Beef as intangible cultural heritage in Botswana: a documentary review
Authors: Chatibura Delly M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article reviews the critical role of cattle and beef production, consumption practices, and symbolic values, among other elements, in instituting Botswana’s beef heritage. The rise of gastronomic tourism and the dearth of literature on Africa’s intangible food heritage has necessitated such a review. Using a document analysis methodology with Google, Google Scholar, and Web of Science Core Collection, the article narrates how the historical, economic, and sociocultural reliance on cattle led to a distinctive intangible beef heritage in Botswana. In conclusion, the article motivates the recognition ofseswaa,a beef-related cuisine, as worthy of inscription under UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage and for the continued documentation of food heritage amidst the limited regional studies of such in Africa.
Appraisal of some ethnic milk products from minor milch animal species around the world: a review
Authors: Kanetkar Prajasattak , Paswan Vinod Kumar , Rose Hency , Shehata Abdelrazeq M. , Felix Jude , Bunkar Durga Shankar , Rathaur Aman , Yamini S. , Bhinchhar Basant Kumar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCattle and buffalo are the main species producing milk for human consumption. Minor milch species such as goat, sheep, camel, horse, yak, donkey, and reindeer make up a less significant portion of the total milk supply in the dairy sector as their production share is relatively small. However, in recent years, people have started to recognize the numerous health and nutritional benefits of milk from these minor milch species. There is a rich diversity of traditional dairy products in the world, among which the ethnic products made from the milk of minor dairy species have a solicitous place in their region of origin. The ingredients and composition of these products and the preparation methods impart their characteristic taste and flavour along with their typical nutritional and functional health benefits. Anti-microbial, probiotic, antioxidant, nutraceutical, and other health-promoting qualities are the few benefits of these products. However, lack of research and developmental activities, promotions and advertisements of ethnic milk products of minor milch species have led to their limited awareness among the consumers. In view of the above, the present review attempts to discuss some of the important ethnic milk products around the world from the milk of minor milch species.
Bridge vibration measurements using different camera placements and techniques of computer vision and deep learning
Authors: Bai Yongsheng , Sezen Halil , Yilmaz Alper , Qin Rongjun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a new framework is proposed for monitoring the dynamic performance of bridges using three different camera placements and a few visual data processing techniques at low cost and high efficiency. A deep learning method validated by an optical flow approach for motion tracking is included in the framework. To verify it, videos taken by stationary cameras of two shaking table tests were processed at first. Then, the vibrations of six pedestrian bridges were measured using structure-mounted, remote, and drone-mounted cameras, respectively. Two techniques, displacement and frequency subtractions, are applied to remove systematic motions of cameras and to capture the natural frequencies of the tested structures. Measurements on these bridges were compared with the data from wireless accelerometers and structural analysis. Influences of critical parameters for camera setting and data processing, such as video frame rates, data window size, and data sampling rates, were also studied carefully. The research results show that the vibrations and frequencies of structures on the shaking tables and existing bridges can be captured accurately with the proposed framework. These camera placements and data processing techniques can be successfully used for monitoring their dynamic performance.
Prevalence of subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis and its association with HIV in household contacts of index tuberculosis patients in two South African provinces: a secondary, cross-sectional analysis of a cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Carter Naomi , Webb Emily L. , Lebina Limakatso , Motsomi Kegaugetswe , Bosch Zama , Martinson Neil A. , MacPherson Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
People with subclinical tuberculosis (TB) have microbiological evidence of disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but either do not have or do not report TB symptoms. The relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and subclinical TB is not yet well understood. We estimated the prevalence of subclinical pulmonary TB in household contacts of index TB patients in two South African provinces, and how this differed by HIV status.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional, secondary analysis of baseline data from the intervention arm of a household cluster randomised trial. Prevalence of subclinical TB was measured as the number of household contacts aged ≥ 5 years who had positive sputum TB microscopy, culture or nucleic acid amplification test (Xpert MTB/Rif or Xpert Ultra) results on a single sputum specimen and who did not report current cough, fever, weight loss or night sweats on direct questioning. Regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between HIV status and subclinical TB; adjusting for province, sex and age in household contacts; and HIV status in index patients.

Results
Amongst household contacts, microbiologically confirmed prevalent subclinical TB was over twice as common as symptomatic TB disease (48/2077, 2.3%, 95% CI 1.7–3.1% compared to 20/2077, 1.0%, 95% CI 0.6–1.5%). Subclinical TB prevalence was higher in people living with HIV (15/377, 4.0%, 95% CI 2.2–6.5%) compared to those who were HIV-negative (33/1696, 1.9%, 95% CI 1.3–2.7%; p = 0.018). In regression analysis, living with HIV (377/2077, 18.2%) was associated with a two-fold increase in prevalent subclinical TB with 95% confidence intervals consistent with no association through to a four-fold increase (adjusted OR 2.00, 95% CI 0.99–4.01, p = 0.052). Living with HIV was associated with a five-fold increase in prevalent symptomatic TB (adjusted OR 5.05, 95% CI 2.22–11.59, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Most (70.6%) pulmonary TB diagnosed in household contacts in this setting was subclinical. Living with HIV was likely associated with prevalent subclinical TB and was associated with prevalent symptomatic TB. Universal sputum testing with sensitive assays improves early TB diagnosis in subclinical household contacts.
Development of an Electronic Health Record–Based Algorithm for Predicting Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility in the Population-Based Research to Optimize the Screening Process Lung Research Consortium
Authors: Burnett-Hartman Andrea N. , Powers J. David , Hixon Brian P. , Carroll Nikki M. , Frankland Timothy B. , Honda Stacey A. , Saia Chelsea , Rendle Katharine A. , Greenlee Robert T. , Neslund-Dudas Christine , Zheng Yingye , Vachani Anil , Ritzwoller Debra P. 
Published: November 2023

PURPOSELung cancer screening (LCS) guidelines in the United States recommend LCS for those age 50-80 years with at least 20 pack-years smoking history who currently smoke or quit within the last 15 years. We tested the performance of simple smoking-related criteria derived from electronic health record (EHR) data and developed and tested the performance of a multivariable model in predicting LCS eligibility.METHODSAnalyses were completed within the Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process Lung Consortium (PROSPR-Lung). In our primary validity analyses, the reference standard LCS eligibility was based on self-reported smoking data collected via survey. Within one PROSPR-Lung health system, we used a training data set and penalized multivariable logistic regression using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator to select EHR-based variables into the prediction model including demographics, smoking history, diagnoses, and prescription medications. A separate test data set assessed model performance. We also conducted external validation analysis in a separate health system and reported AUC, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy metrics associated with the Youden Index.RESULTSThere were 14,214 individuals with survey data to assess LCS eligibility in primary analyses. The overall performance for assigning LCS eligibility status as measured by the AUC values at the two health systems was 0.940 and 0.938. At the Youden Index cutoff value, performance metrics were as follows: accuracy, 0.855 and 0.895; sensitivity, 0.886 and 0.920; specificity, 0.896 and 0.850; PPV, 0.357 and 0.444; and NPV, 0.988 and 0.992.CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that health systems can use an EHR-derived multivariable prediction model to aid in the identification of those who may be eligible for LCS.
Protecting cultural heritage by protecting conservators’ title
Authors: Bollard Clémentine 
Published: November 2023

« Art. L. 117-2. - The implementation of conservation-restoration measures and actions, as well as the performance of project management, consulting, and expertise missions in the Þeld of conservation-restoration, fall within the competencies of professionals, known as conservators-restorers, qualiÞed in the Þelds of preventive conservation, curative conservation, and restoration.
“Only persons holding a Master’s degree, issued by an approved training institution under conditions laid down by regulation, certifying speciÞc cultural, scientiÞc and technical training in conservation-restoration may use the title of “conservator-restorer” in their professional practice."
These two paragraphs, constituting the article L. 117-2 of the bill [1] tabled by MP Raphaël Gérard1 on the 25th of January 2022, give substance to the long-standing demand by the profession, in France and in other European Union countries, that a name has to be given to conservator-restorers. It speciÞes that only natural persons with a Master’s degree in conservation-restoration of tangible cultural heritage could use this protected title.
The explanatory memorandum of this bill summarises the indisputable reasons why cultural heritage must be taken care of by professionals recognised as having the necessary qualiÞcations, recalling the content of the report “Our Creative Diversity”, published in 1996 by the World Commission on Culture and Development, under the aegis of UNESCO, which states that “cultural property is a resource that constitutes a fragile, non-replaceable asset, the risk of loss of which necessitates the implementation of measures commensurate with the stakes involved in safeguarding it for society as a whole”.
The creation of a protected title for conservator-restorers, therefore, represents a major step in the reinforcement of policies for the protection and conservation of cultural heritage since, at present, anyone can call themselves a conservator-restorer, without necessarily having the qualiÞcations or skills. The protection of this title also brings expectations of a social nature since it will undeniably favour the structuring of a profession, 76% of which is currently practiced by self-employed people in France, and which is, after all, a recent profession in the history of cultural heritage conservation.
On the regulation of the Conservation-Restoration profession in Germany
Authors: Taubert Sven 
Published: November 2023

The VDR was founded in 2001. The main concerns of the VDR are the protection and proper preservation of art and cultural assets while respecting their material, art-historical and aesthetic signiÞcance. The restorer`s association is both a trade association and a professional association as well. It thus stands for the professional interests of its members in all disciplines throughout Germany. As a professional association, we are concerned with raising awareness of the profession of “restorer” in politics and the public, drawing a clear picture of the profession and informing the public about the need for responsible cultural property protection.
We are committed to the recognition of the achievements of restorers with scientiÞc training – nationally and internationally through our membership in E.C.C.O.
The VDR Presidium and the Executive Board endeavour to protect the professional title „Restaurator“ and „Restauratorin“ in Germany.
We Þght for better pay for salaried and self-employed freelancers, who were and still are, Þxed on 50-year-old remuneration models for far too long and in some cases still are. Successes in the struggle for higher groupings in the last three years give reason to hope that steady improvements will be achieved for the employed restorers.