bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repositioning of the Lighthouse Tourism by Expanding the Content of the Offer
Authors: Šerić Neven , Bagarić Lidija , Jakšić Stojanović Anđela , Perišić Mate , Pejić Josipa 
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this work is to elaborate the possibilities of strengthening the attractiveness of lighthouse tourism in the Adriatic. This specialized tourist offer is recognized in academic circles as well. Despite its unique attractiveness, lighthouse tourism has experienced stagnation in recent years, requiring innovative strategies for repositioning. The first ten years of successful development and growth were followed by stagnation and a decline in tourist visits. The change in the positive trend followed the suspension of promotional activities for the Stone Lights project. Noticing the problem of stagnation in the number of tourists visiting lighthouses, the authors pose a research question on possible activities to increase the attractiveness of this type of tourist offer.
The methodology assumes exploratory research and theoretical analysis of the repositioning of the specialized tourist product. The authors set the framework for the primary research, which they conducted on a random sample of tourists who stayed in the lighthouses on the Adriatic Sea in July 2022. This paper explores the potential of expanding the content of lighthouse tourism offer by including a diverse range of experiences and activities to attract a wider audience. Findings - the authors present the findings of the conducted research, based on which a model for repositioning lighthouse tourism in the Adriatic was developed and argued.
In an argumentative and critical discourse, the authors present the causes of the current state of lighthouse tourism and point out the possible consequences if the proposed activities are not implemented.
Determination of Chemical Explosive Remnants in Soils of Boko Haram’s Affected Areas of Gombe State Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed Baba Adamu , Maitera Oliver N. 
Published: November 2023

Aim: This research was conducted to ascertain the level of pollution of our physical environment as a result of years of Boko Haram’s activities in Gombe State, North-Eastern Nigeria.
Study Design and Place of Study: Samples for this research were collected from Bajoga, Nafada and Gombe metropolis and environs all in Funakaye, Nafada, and Gombe Local Government Areas respectively. Samples were taken only from places with recorded Boko Haram’s explosion activities. A control sample for each study area was taken from an area that has no record of Boko Haram attacks. Gombe State is located in the North-Eastern part of Nigeria on latitude10015’00’’N and longitude 11010’00’’E bordering Yobe, Borno, Adamawa, Taraba and Bauchi states.
Methodology: The concentrations of explosive remnants (4-Nitrotoluene, 4-Propyl Benzaldehyde, 1,3-Dinitrotoluene, 2,4-Dinitrotoluene, 3,5- Dinitrotoluene, Trinitrotoluene, RDX and HMX) in the soil samples of the attacked areas were investigated using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometer, GC-MS.
Results: The result indicates 4-Nitrotoluene; 0.05-0.085µg/kg, 4-Propyl Benzaldehyde; 0.07-0.19µg/kg; 1,3-Dinitrotoluene; 0.005-0.060µg/kg, 2,4-DNT; 6.16-6.86µg/kg, 3,5-DNT; 0.40-0.90µg/kg, TNT; 0.29-0.66µg/kg and RDX and HMX were not detected. All the samples in the study area had 4-Nitrotolene and 4-Propyl Benzaldehyde concentrations above those in their respective controls. 1,3-DNT in Bajoga samples, 2,4-DNT in K Police station and K/mata, 3,5-DNT in Gombe metropolis, and TNT in NFD Police station were all found to be below the concentrations in their control
Conclusion: There is possible 4-Nitrotolene and 4-Propyl Benzaldehyde contaminations in all the studied sites and absence of pollution by 1,3-DNT in Bajoga, 2,4-DNT in K Police station and K/mata, 3,5-DNT in Gombe metropolis, and TNT in NFD Police station.
Nutrient Digestibility and Blood Composition of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Biodegraded Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Fruit Peel
Authors: Taiwo Esther Taiwo , Oluremi Oluwabiyi Ikeolu Atanda , Orayaga Kanan Tyohemba 
Published: November 2023

Aims: To determine the nutrient digestibility and blood composition of broiler chickens fed biodegraded sweet orange fruit peel-based diets.
Study Design: Completely randomized design.
Place and Duration of Study: Livestock Research Farm, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria; fifty-six days
Methodology: Sweet orange peels and cattle rumen content were collected. Rumen content was mixed with water at a ratio 1 kg: 1 litre and sieved to get rumen filtrate (RF). RF was mixed with Sweet orange peels at a ratio of 1 litre: 2.5 kg and fermented for 48 hours, sun-dried, milled, and added to broiler diets at different levels: 0% (T1), 5% (T2), 10% (T3), 15% (T4), and 20% (T5). A total of 150 day-old chicks, randomly assigned to five dietary treatments and three replicates per treatment were raised in a 56-day feeding trial. Three chickens of average live body weight similar to the treatment group average were selected and used to determine nutrient digestibility and blood composition.
Results: The results showed that the coefficient of digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract and nitrogen-free-extract did not differ significantly (P > .05) among the treatment groups. Haematological indices; haemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), did not differ significantly (P > .05) across the dietary groups, while white blood cell (WBC) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) varied significantly (P < .05). Serum indices; total protein (TP), globulin, glucose, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase were significantly affected (P < .05) by the experimental diets, while albumin, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase did not differ significantly (P < .05) across the dietary groups.
Conclusion: Biodegraded sweet orange peel-based diets can replace maize grains up to 20% without affecting nutrient digestibility or having any adverse effect on blood constituents of broiler chickens.
In-vitro Cytotoxicity of Extracts of Selected Malaria Medicinal Plants Used by Traditional Healers of Kericho East Sub-county, Kenya
Authors: Bwogo Pacifica Chepchumba , Masai Rael J. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Malaria is a fatal disease which affects people of all ages; especially pregnant women, young children <5 years, and the elderly because of their weakened immune systems. The currently used anti-malarial drugs have been linked to a variety of negative side effects including the parasite resistance. Additionally, the costs associated with the conventional malaria management approach are arguably high, particularly for people living in low-income countries, highlighting the need for alternative and complementary approaches. Medicinal plants therefore are a viable alternative since they are arguably less expensive and easily accessible. However, there is limited information on safety and efficacy of the plants. This study was designed to investigate the cytotoxic activities of polar and non-polar crude extracts solvents of selected plants used by traditional healers in Kericho East Sub-County to treat malaria.
Materials and Methods: Plants studied included Pittosporum viridiflorum (stem barks), Phytolacca dodecandra (Leaves), and Gardenia ternifolia (roots barks). Plant parts selected were collected from Kericho East Sub-county; Kapsoit, Kaitui, and Fort-Ternan. Their crude extracts were obtained from hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), Methanol (MeOH), and 5% H2O/MeOH. In vitro cytotoxic effects and safety of the studied plants' extracts were identified using mammalian Vero E6 cells.
Results: Most of the plants tested yielded impressive cytotoxicity results, indicating that therapeutic doses could be achieved at safe concentrations. However, P. viridiflorum hexane, DCM, MeOH, and 5% H2O/MeOH crude extracts were toxic to the cultured cells expressing the mean CC50 ± SE of 65.11±0.40, 25.63±0.23, 87.94 ±0.59 and 98.54±0.66 μg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion: G. ternifolia and P. dodecandra have offered hope in the treatment of malaria since their crude extracts have demonstrated no toxicity. The study found P. viridiflorum crude extracts to be toxic but there is the possibility of isolating safe nontoxic compound/s because they were less toxic at lower doses. This study therefore identified potential plants that could be used to develop novel anti-plasmodial agents.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Topical Decongestants Xylometazoline and Oxymetazoline: A Literature Review
Authors: Grebeniuk Dmytro , Hrytsun Yaroslav , Nikulchenko Oleg 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: This article provides a review and detailed analysis of scientific publications on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of xylometazoline and oxymetazoline. Xylometazoline and oxymetazoline are two commonly used nasal decongestants used to temporarily relieve nasal congestion caused by colds, allergies, and sinusitis. Both drugs narrow blood vessels in the nasal passages, reducing edema and rhinorrhea.
Aims: The aim of the study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of xylometazoline and oxymetazoline based on a literature review.
Material and Methods: A retrospective review of literature data was performed using Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. Different keyword combinations, such as "topical decongestants", "xylometazoline", "oxymetazoline", "pharmacokinetics" and "pharmacodynamics", were used to search for information on the problem addressed. When processing search results, either the most recent publications (over the last 10 years) or the latest publications for this topic (regardless of their release) were chosen.
Results: After reviewing abstracts and getting acquainted with their full-text articles, 47 scientific sources that met the eligibility criteria were selected. Although there are minor differences between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of xylometazoline and oxymetazoline according to available literature sources, both drugs exhibit very low systemic exposure, thus reducing the number of side effects due to the lack of systemic action and producing a high local concentration of the drugs in areas of inflammation. Besides, because of its pharmacokinetic properties, xylometazoline has a faster onset of action and a shorter duration of therapeutic effect compared to oxymetazoline.
Brexpiprazole for the Treatment of Agitation in Alzheimer Dementia
Authors: Lee Daniel , Slomkowski Mary , Hefting Nanco , Chen Dalei , Larsen Klaus Groes , Kohegyi Eva , Hobart Mary , Cummings Jeffrey L. , Grossberg George T. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceAgitation is a prevalent, distressing, and burdensome manifestation of Alzheimer dementia in need of an efficacious, safe, and well-tolerated treatment.ObjectiveTo confirm the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of brexpiprazole in patients with agitation in Alzheimer dementia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial was a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose, parallel-arm trial that ran from May 2018 to June 2022 at 123 clinical trial sites in Europe and the United States. Participants included patients with agitation in Alzheimer dementia in a care facility or community-based setting. Stable Alzheimer disease medications were permitted.InterventionsIn this 2-arm trial, patients were randomized to receive oral brexpiprazole or placebo (2:1 ratio) for 12 weeks. Within the brexpiprazole arm, patients were further randomized to receive fixed doses of 2 mg/d or 3 mg/d in a 1:2 ratio.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was change in Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory total score (which measures the frequency of 29 agitated behaviors) from baseline to week 12 for brexpiprazole, 2 or 3 mg, vs placebo. Safety was assessed by standard measures, including treatment-emergent adverse events.ResultsA total of 345 patients were randomized to receive brexpiprazole (n = 228) or placebo (n = 117); completion rates were 198 (86.8%) for brexpiprazole and 104 (88.9%) for placebo. Mean (SD) age was 74.0 (7.5) years, and 195 of 345 patients were female (56.5%). Patients receiving brexpiprazole, 2 or 3 mg (n = 225), demonstrated statistically significantly greater improvement than those taking placebo (n = 116) in Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory total score from baseline to week 12 (brexpiprazole baseline, 80.6, mean change, −22.6; placebo baseline, 79.2, mean change, −17.3; least-squares mean difference, −5.32; 95% CI, −8.77 to −1.87; P = .003; Cohen d effect size, 0.35). No treatment-emergent adverse events had an incidence of 5% or more with brexpiprazole and greater incidence than placebo. The proportion of patients who discontinued because of adverse events was 12 of 226 (5.3%) for brexpiprazole and 5 of 116 (4.3%) for placebo.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, patients with Alzheimer dementia who took brexpiprazole, 2 or 3 mg, showed a statistically significant improvement vs placebo in agitation over 12 weeks. Brexpiprazole was generally well tolerated over 12 weeks in this vulnerable patient population.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03548584
Extended dissipative performance for a complex dynamical networks based on adaptive event‐triggered filter method subject to hybrid attacks
Authors: Tajudeen M. Mubeen , Ali M. Syed , Rajchakit Grienggrai , Jirawattanapanit Anuwat , Priya Bandana 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe challenge of adaptive event‐triggered based filter design for complex dynamical networks with time‐varying coupling delays under hybrid attack is studied in this research. A new model of complex dynamical networks with input constraints, involving denial‐of‐service (DoS) attack, replay attack, and deception attack is designed. An adaptive event‐triggered scheme is applied to filter design, which adaptively modifies the communication threshold level in order to reduce the effect of the transmission load. By using Lyapunov theory and inequality techniques, a novel necessary condition is proposed that guarantees mean‐square asymptotically stability with extended dissipative performance. The proposed filter parameters are then given an explicit expression, which is solved using a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, two numerical results are presented to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical result suggested.
Thermally Resistant, Mechanically Robust, Enamel‐Inspired Hydroxyapatite/Polyethylene Nanocomposite Battery Separator
Authors: Yue Honglei , Yao Yifan , Li Yanmei , Ding Longjiang , Guo Jianchao , Tang Xuke , Li Feng , Sun Yunhou , Huang Jinliang , Zhong Haiqing , Yan Qiang , Qi Juanjuan , Zhang Ao , Mei Yong , Zhang Yongbo , Wang Hua , Chen Ke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMicroporous polyethylene (PE) membrane is a representative lithium‐ion battery (LIB) separators but regularly shrinks especially in high‐temperature conditions, and is facilely pierced while growing Li dendrites, leading to severe consequences such as short circuits, thermal runaway, and even explosion. Herein, this article reports a quasi‐continuous strategy that utilizes in situ enamel mineralization engineering followed by thermal treatment to easily develop a large‐area, 3D interlaced hydroxyapatite nanosheets array‐reinforced PE nanocomposite separator with robust mechanical properties and excellent resistance to thermal shrinkage. Specifically, the 120 °C‐heated nanocomposite possesses excellent breaking stress, an ultrahigh toughness of ≈434.4 MJ m−3, and an enhanced friction coefficient of ≈0.69, which are distinctly higher than those of commercial PE separators, respectively, and far exceeding those of reported ceramic modified‐PE separators. The elongation of the resultant nanocomposite can achieve an extraordinary ≈2456.4% without any fracture under a 180 °C‐heating temperature. In situ observation and finite element simulation indicate that the impressive mechanical and thermostable integration profits from the co‐effect of efficient energy dissipation at organic–inorganic interfaces and mechanically interlocked, mutually‐supported hybrid microstructure. The enamel‐inspired separator can be potentially applied in safer high‐temperature LIBs and this strategy provides a valuable guide to develop other high‐performance polymer‐based nanocomposites.
Voltage Hysteresis of Silicon Nanoparticles: Chemo‐Mechanical Particle‐SEI Model
Authors: Köbbing Lukas , Latz Arnulf , Horstmann Birger 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSilicon is a promising anode material for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries. However, the volume change and the voltage hysteresis during lithiation and delithiation are two substantial drawbacks to their lifetime and performance. The reason for the voltage hysteresis in amorphous silicon nanoparticles covered by a solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) is investigated. Concentration gradients inside the nanoscale silicon cannot produce the massive stresses necessary to cause the reported voltage hysteresis. The chemo‐mechanical model shows that plastic deformation of the stiff, inorganic SEI during lithiation and delithiation reproduces the observed silicon open‐circuit voltage hysteresis. Additionally, the viscous behavior of the SEI explains the difference between the voltage hysteresis observed at low currents and after relaxation. It is concluded that the visco‐elastoplastic behavior of the SEI is the origin of the voltage hysteresis in silicon nanoparticle anodes. Thus, consideration of the SEI mechanics is crucial for further improvements.
Crystallization Enhancement and Ionic Defect Passivation in Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite for Efficient and Stable All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Qiao Liang , Ye Tianshi , Wang Pengshuai , Wang Tao , Zhang Lin , Sun Ruitian , Kong Weiyu , Yang Xudong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBy integrating wide‐bandgap (WBG) and narrow‐bandgap perovskites, monolithic all‐perovskite tandem solar cells have garnered significant attention as a prospective strategy for surpassing the efficiency limits of single‐junction cells. However, the WBG subcells, which significantly impact the performance and operational stability of all‐perovskite tandem solar cells, face notable challenges associated with pronounced nonradiative recombination losses and limited film photostability. Here, an efficient method is reported by adding potassium hypophosphite into the perovskite precursor solution to simultaneously regulate crystallization and passivate ionic defects in WBG perovskites. This approach results in high‐quality perovskite films and significantly improves the performance and photostability of WBG perovskite solar cells. The single‐junction devices with a 1.79 eV bandgap achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.06% with an open‐circuit voltage of 1.32 V. The devices retain ≈96% of their initial PCE following 913 h of continuous AM 1.5 G illumination. With these WBG perovskite subcells, monolithic all‐perovskite tandem solar cells are fabricated with an efficiency of 26.08%.
Aurora Kinase B‐Instruct Release of AZD1152‐HQPA from Hydrogel to Enhance Cervical Cancer Suppression
Authors: Xu Guangqiong , Weng Qiao , Zhang Lei , Song Yaye , Zhan Wenjun , Yin Yuan , Liang Gaolin , Wang Fuqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAurora kinase B (AURKB) is an attractive and potential molecular target for cervical cancer therapy. To date, a variety of AURKB inhibitors are developed to suppress cervical tumors. Nevertheless, direct use of these small molecule inhibitors may cause severe side effects to patients, limiting their further clinical applications. Herein, a rationally designed hydrogelator Nap‐Phe‐Phe‐Arg‐Arg‐Lys‐Ser‐OH (S) is employed to co‐assemble AZD1152‐HQPA (AZD, an AURKB inhibitor) to develop an AURKB‐responsive hydrogel Gel S/AZD for enhanced cervical tumor suppression. Upon AURKB activation, hydrogelator S in Gel S/AZD evolves into its hydrophilic phosphate Nap‐Phe‐Phe‐Arg‐Arg‐Lys‐Ser(H2PO3)‐OH (Sp), triggering the disassembly of Gel S/AZD to release AZD in a sustained manner. Cell assays reveal that AURKB‐responsive release of AZD from Gel S/AZD potently induces the growth arrest and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by downregulating the expression level of AURKB downstream protein phospho‐histone H3 (pH3). In vivo studies demonstrate that compared with free AZD, Gel S/AZD shows a superior tumor suppressive effect in orthotropic cervical tumor models. It is envisioned that the Gel S/AZD might be applied in clinic cervical cancer treatment in the near future.
Integrating Aggregation Induced Emission and Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer via Molecular Engineering
Authors: Zhang Wei , Kong Jie , Miao Rong , Song Hongwei , Ma Yalei , Zhou Meng , Fang Yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe pursuit of sensitive fluorescent chromophores with integrated aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) properties are attractive due to the tunable emission properties and increased intensity. However, this type of chromophore has yet to be exemplified mechanistically. In this study, a strategy is presented for manipulating the formation of TICT and the AIE effect through molecular engineering. The feasibility of TICT properties is validated by theoretical calculations and ultrafast spectroscopies. By precisely adjusting the hydrophobicity of the donor group, the fluorescence is significantly enhanced through the addition of poor solvent. These findings not only provide mechanistic elucidation for chromophores exhibiting integrated TICT and AIE properties in various environmental conditions but also underscore the critical factors for the systematic design of chromophores with high tunability and strong emissions.
3D Printed Photothermal Scaffold Sandwiching Bacteria Inside and Outside Improves The Infected Microenvironment and Repairs Bone Defects
Authors: Zhao Youzi , Kang Honglei , Xia Yuhao , Sun Lingshun , Li Feng , Dai Honglian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBone infection is one of the most devastating orthopedic outcomes, and overuse of antibiotics may cause drug‐resistance problems. Photothermal therapy(PTT) is a promising antibiotic‐free strategy for treating infected bone defects. Considering the damage to normal tissues and cells caused by high‐temperature conditions in PTT, this study combines the antibacterial property of Cu to construct a multi‐functional Cu2O@MXene/alpha‐tricalcium phosphate (α‐TCP) scaffold support with internal and external sandwiching through 3D printing technology. On the “outside”, the excellent photothermal property of Ti3C2 MXene is used to carry out the programmed temperature control by the active regulation of 808 nm near‐infrared (NIR) light. On the “inside”, endogenous Cu ions gradually release and the release accumulates within the safe dose range. Specifically, programmed temperature control includes brief PTT to rapidly kill early bacteria and periodic low photothermal stimulation to promote bone tissue growth, which reduces damage to healthy cells and tissues. Meanwhile, Cu ions are gradually released from the scaffold over a long period of time, strengthening the antibacterial effect of early PTT, and promoting angiogenesis to improve the repair effect. PTT combined with Cu can deliver a new idea forinfected bone defects through in vitro and vivo application.