bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation de l’oestrus induit au PRID associé à l’Enzaprost et de la gestation après insémination des femelles bovines élevées en stations au Togo
Authors: Djabangou Paguindame , Bagna Binamlé , Bali Némè¨ Hélène , Kulo Abalo Essosimna , Pitala Wéré 
Published: January 2024

En élevage bovin, la pratique des inséminations artificielles (IA) après synchronisation des chaleurs améliore la gestion du troupeau et facilite la diffusion rapide du progrès génétique. Cette étude visait à évaluer les taux d’oestrus et de gestation de 44 femelles bovines élevées en stations au Togo et inséminées après synchronisation au PRID associé à l’Enzaprost. Le protocole de synchronisation des chaleurs a consisté pour chacune des femelles, au 1er jour à la pose du PRID dans le vagin pendant 7 jours, une injection intramusculaire de 5 ml de l’Enzaprost 24 heures avant le retrait du PRID. Les IA ont été faites à la 56ème et à la 72ème heure après le retrait du PRID. Le diagnostic de gestation a été réalisé entre le 90ème et le 120ème jour après les IA par palpation transrectale. Des résultats, il ressort un taux d’oestrus de 70,45% et un taux de gestation de 65,91%. Ces taux ont varié suivant la race et la parité des femelles. De plus, les facteurs tels que la note d’état corporel et la semence du taureau ont eu une influence sur le taux de gestation. Le protocole mis en expérimentation peut être déjà un guide lors des campagnes d’IA.
In cattle breeding, the practice of artificial insemination (AI) after heat synchronization improves herd management and facilitates the rapid dissemination of genetic progress. The study aimed to evaluate estrus and pregnancy rates in 44 cows and heifers reared on stations in Togo inseminated after synchronization with PRID combined with Enzaprost. The heat synchronization protocol consisted for each of the females, on day 1 to the placement of PRID in the vagina for 7 days, an intramuscular injection of 5 ml of Enzaprost™ 24 hours before removal of the PRID. AIs were performed at 56 and 72 hours after PRID removal. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed between days 90 and 120 after AIs by transrectal palpation. The results showed an estrus rate of 70.45% and a pregnancy rate of 65.91%. These rates varied according to breed and parity of the females. In addition, factors such as body condition score and bull semen had an influence on pregnancy rate. The protocol used in this experiment can serve as a guide for future AI campaigns.
Performance Evaluation of Aspect Dependent-Based Ghost Suppression Methods for Through-the-Wall Radar Imaging
Authors: Rambika Mugundu , Abdalla Abdi , Maiseli Baraka , Mwambela Alfred J. 
Published: January 2024

There are many approaches which address multipath ghost challenges in Through-the-Wall Radar Imaging (TWRI) under Compressive Sensing (CS) framework. One of the approaches, which exploits ghosts’ locations in the images, termed as Aspect Dependent (AD), does not require prior knowledge of the reflecting geometry making it superior over multipath exploitation based approaches. However, which method is superior within the AD based category is still unknown. Therefore, their performance comparison becomes inevitable, and hence this paper presents their performance evaluation in view of target reconstruction. At first, the methods were grouped based on how the subarrays were applied: multiple subarray, hybrid subarray and sparse array. The methods were fairly evaluated on varying noise level, data volume and the number of targets in the scene. Simulation results show that, when applied in a noisy environment, the hybrid subarray-based approaches were robust than the multiple subarray and sparse array. At 15 dB signal-to-noise ratio, the hybrid subarray exhibited signal to clutter ratio of 3.9 dB and 4.5 dB above the multiple subarray and sparse array, respectively. When high data volumes or in the case of multiple targets, multiple subarrays with duo subarrays became the best candidates.
Keywords: Aspect dependent; compressive sensing; point target; through-wall-radar imaging;
Verification of Depth Dose Curves Derived on Beeswax, Paraffin and Water Phantoms Using FLUKA Monte Carlo Code
Authors: Amour Khamis , Maleka Peane , Maunda Khamza , Mazunga Mohammed , Msaki Peter 
Published: January 2024

This study aimed on the investigation of depth dose curves from beeswax, water and paraffinphantoms using FLUKA Monte Carlo code. In order to test the validity of FLUKA code,computational values of depth doses in water, beeswax and paraffin have been obtained using thiscode. The relative average coefficient of variation of percentage depth dose was observed to beless than 0.38% between beeswax and water, below 0.2% between water and paraffin and 0.98%between beeswax and British Journal of Radiology supplement 25 data. The deviations ofpercentage depth doses within the beeswax phantom material were also calculated and it wasconcluded that, among the treatment fields, the average coefficient of variation was about 0.74%for 7 × 7 cm2 and 1.23% for 20 × 20 cm2. The minor deviation in percentage depth dose obtainedin this work demonstrates that beeswax phantom has a potential to provide a better alternativematerial for dose calculations, and hence can be used as substitute material for in-vivo dosimetry inexternal beam radiation therapy using Theratron Equinox 80 Cobalt-60 unit.
Keywords: FLUKA; Monte Carlo code; beeswax; percentage depth dose; phantom;
In vitro Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate and n-Hexane Extracts of Mangifera indica Leaves
Authors: Ibrahim Yunusa , Busari Musa , Yusuf Ruqayyah , Hamzah Rabiat 
Published: January 2024

Mangifera indica leaves have been in use in folk medicine since ancient time, for the treatment and/or management of numerous health complications. In this study, total phenols and flavonoids contents, as well as in vitro antioxidant activities of ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of M. indica leaves were determined and compared. The in vitro antioxidant activities were determined using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation assays, respectively. The total phenols were found to be present in the descending order of; ethanol extract > ethyl acetate extract > n-hexane extract, while flavonoids were observed in the descending order of; n-hexane extract > ethanol extract > ethyl acetate extract. The maximum percentage DPPH radical scavenged (at 100 μg/mL), ferric reducing power (at 400 μg/mL) and inhibitory activity on lipid peroxidation (at 400 μg/mL) exhibited by the ethanol extract (94.40%, 88.73%, and 84.05%, respectively) were significantly greater (p < 0.05) than the ethyl acetate extract (79.46%, 68.74%, and 79.73%, respectively at 400 μg/mL) as well as n-hexane extract (45.30%, 58.79%, and 67.78%, respectively at 100 and 400 μg/mL). It can be concluded that the extracts possess anti-oxidant activities and may be employed in the treatment and/or management of oxidative stress related diseases.
Keywords: Mangifera indica; phenolics; flavonoids; antioxidant; DPPH radical;
Dengue Vector Distribution and their Infection Status in Selected Regions in Tanzania
Authors: Philbert Anitha , Msonga Amina 
Published: January 2024

Dengue fever is an important arboviral infection globally. Tanzania has experienced multiple dengue outbreaks since 2010 leading to mortalities and public distress. Dengue is caused by viruses which are transmitted to humans by vector mosquitoes. Nevertheless, the abundance, distribution and extent of viral infections of these vectors are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to characterize dengue vectors and determine their virus infection rates. Adult mosquitoes were collected from selected regions in Tanzania including Dar es Salaam, Tanga, Coast, and Arusha regions using CO2 baited mosquito magnet traps between December 2018 to February 2019, additional samples were collected during dengue epidemic in June 2019. Samples were fixed in RNA later and preserved at –20 °C for virus detection using Reverse Transcriptase – Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). A total of 1530 mosquitoes were collected and morphologically identified as: Aedes (75%), Culex (13%), Anopheles (10%) genera and 2% other mosquitoes. All Aedes mosquitoes were identified as Aedes aegypti of which 46% were from Dar es Salaam, 31% Tanga, 21% Coast and 2% from Arusha. The abundance of Ae. aegypti significantly differed across sampling locations (p = 4.6425E–09), and the virus infection rate was 2%. The presence of these vectors and the detection of dengue viruses is an indication of ongoing arboviral activities necessitating intensification of vector control programmes.
Keywords: Aedes aegypti; dengue vectors; arboviruses; Tanzania
Craniometrics Analysis for Ontogenetic Physiognomy and Sexual Dimorphism in Emin’s Silvery Mole-Rats (Heliophobius argenteocinereus emini: Bathyergidae) from Tanzania
Authors: Katandukila Jestina 
Published: January 2024

Emin’s silvery mole-rat, the Heliophobius argenteocinereus emini belongs to a familyBathyergidae. The Heliophobius argenteocinereus emini (Noak, 1894) is among the least studiedsub-Saharan subterranean rodents. Among others, information on ontogenetic physiognomy andstatus of sexual dimorphism in H. a. emini is missing. The present study intended to fill gaps onontogenetic characteristics and status of sexual dimorphism in these mole-rats by comprehensivelyexamining 55 skulls. Based on teeth eruption and wear, the dental formula of 1/1, 0/0, 1/1, 3/3 isreported for the first time, and subsequently established eight relative age classes. This informationwas key to the assessment of ontogenetic variations between sexes and age classes. Themultidisciplinary analyses of craniometrics between and within relative age classes showed a sharpincrease in sizes of cranial facets from relative age classes III to VIII, which signifies a divergencein the investment of energy for growth between age classes. Within all relative age classes exceptage classes I and II, females showed smaller craniometrics than males, indicating that sexualdimorphism in H. a. emini is well noticeable from the relative age class III. Subsequent analyses ofcraniometrics revealed that sexual dimorphism in H. a. emini is attributed by size.
Keywords: Ontogenetic; Heliophobius argenteocinereus emini; craniometrics; sexual dimorphism
Synthesis and FTIR Characterization of Mg-Hydroxylapatite Derived from Dolostone with High Dolomite Mineral Content
Authors: Mahene Wilson , Gervas Charles , Hilonga Askwar , Machunda Revocatus 
Published: January 2024

We present the synthesis of magnesium-substituted hydroxylapatite starting from locally available dolostone. The apatite was prepared by a reaction between heat pre-treated dolostone powder with phosphoric acid, maintained at the pH of 12.5 using sodium hydroxide. The resultant material was then calcined at 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, 800 °C and 900 °C. The precursor dolostone was characterized by organic elemental analyser (CHNS-O analyser), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while the synthesized material was characterized by using FTIR. Results indicated that the dominant mineral in the carbonate rock materials was near-stoichiometric dolomite, while the synthesized material was found to be (carbonate, magnesium)-substituted hydroxylapatite. The synthesized material did not exhibit hydroxylapatite diagnostic peaks until after being calcined at 600 °C. The peaks became more distinct with increase in calcination temperature. The prepared material exhibited a low degree of crystallinity and low conversion temperature to beta-tricalcium phosphate, 700–800 °C. These characteristics are typical of a magnesium-substituted hydroxylapatite (Mg-substituted β-tricalcium phosphate). This work has demonstrated the feasibility of synthesizing magnesium-substituted hydroxylapatite (Mg-HA), with potential applications in water purification, using dolostone as a calcium/magnesium source.
Keywords: Dolostone; crystallinity; magnesium-substituted hydroxylapatite; magnesium-substituted beta-tricalcium phosphate;
Sensitivity Analysis and Uncertainty Parameter Quantification in a Regression Model: The Case of Deforestation in Tanzania
Authors: Sagamiko Thadei , Shaban Nyimvua , Mbalawata Isambi 
Published: January 2024

Sep 2020, Published Oct 2020AbstractIn this paper a multiple regression model for the economic factors and policy that influence therate of deforestation in Tanzania is formulated. Sensitivity analysis for parameters of explanatoryvariables using one-at-a time and direct methods is carried out and the model is fitted by classicalleast square (LSQ) and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. Uncertainty quantificationof parameters by adaptive Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods is performed. The coefficient ofdetermination indicates that 87% of deforestation rate is explained by explanatory variablescaptured in the model. Household poverty rate is found to be the most sensitive factor todeforestation, while purchasing power is the least sensitive in both methods. Model validationindicates a good agreement between the collected data and the predicted data by the model andMarkoc Chain Monte Carlo method yielded a good sample mix. Thus, the study recommends thatsince economic activities tend to increase the rate of deforestation, then policy and decisionmakingprocesses should link the country’s desire for economic growth and environmentalmanagement.
Keywords: deforestation; economic factors; Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods; regressionmodel; sensitivity;
Comparing Prophylactic Vaginal Progesterone & Cervical Cerclage In Preventing Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review
Authors: Saman Ejaz  , Maryam Raana  , Muhammad Essa  , Sadaf Zahra  , Snovia Ishaq  , Uswa Shoaib  , Muhammad Irshad  , Zain Ul Abideen  
Published: January 2024

Preterm birth complicates at-risk singleton pregnancies, and this is associated with a poor prognosis for pregnant mothers. When comparing cervical cerclage to vaginal progesterone, the rationale is clear, but its effectiveness remains a mystery.It is the goal of this systematic review to shed further light on this well-known conundrum. To find research on preventive vaginal progesterone usage vs cervical cerclage, PubMed, PubMed Central, Medline, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched. There were three randomized control trials, three systematic reviews and meta-analyses, two cohort studies, and two conventional reviews. It was determined that both strategies for managing preterm delivery were equally effective in terms of preterm birth prevention when applied to pregnant women. We found that vaginal progesterone had less side effects than cervical cerclage, but it has no influence on a woman's ability to function and does not improve her life expectancy. The systematic reviews and randomized controlled studies unequivocally confirmed these findings. Cervical cerclage was shown to be more risky than preventive vaginal progesterone in a comprehensive study. However, prophylactic application of cervical cerclage still remains a superior treatment modality if serial transvaginal ultrasound scans are pointing towards cervical shortening. Therefore, more research is required to understand this relationship to identify populations at risk.
A SAGA DOS DIADEMAS PERDIDOS: UMA HISTÓRIA DE USURPAÇÃO, SOFRIMENTO E RECONQUISTA
Authors: Mendes de Oliveira Vinícius 
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo, de caráter ensaístico, tem como objetivo apresentar uma abordagem narrativa para o livro do Apocalipse, que, em geral, tem sido estudado de uma perspectiva mais temática. No texto, a partir das referências aos termos “diadema” e “coroa” interpreta-se o enredo do livro bíblico com foco na guerra milenar entre o dragão e o Filho prometido (Gn 3; Ap 12). A história começa com a usurpação de um reino por um dragão maligno e segue a jornada de uma mulher grávida, que representa a promessa de um libertador. O enredo se desdobra através de interpretações das figuras apocalípticas do dragão, da besta do mar e da terra, representando diferentes aspectos da opressão ao longo da história. A saga culmina com a reconquista dos diademas por um príncipe redentor, simbolizando o triunfo do bem, a restauração da justiça e a esperança de redenção, enfatizando a importância do juízo e antecipando a vitória final do bem e a união eterna entre Cristo e a igreja.
FACTORES QUE INFLUYEN EN EL DETERIORO DE LA CALIDAD DE VIDA DEL PACIENTE CON NEFROPATÍA DIABÉTICA EN HEMODIÁLISIS.
Authors: Hernández Ana , Carrasquilla Ciodelma , Castillo Ixora , Barrios Kenia , Bernal Dinora 
Published: January 2024

Se ha demostrado que existen factores pueden afectar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con nefropatía diabética en tratamiento sustitutivo de hemodiálisis. El objetivo: describir los factores que influyen en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con nefropatía diabética en terapia de remplazo renal por hemodiálisis.
Gestión sostenible y los Sistemas Integrados de Gestión (SIG) en las Organizaciones 4.0
Authors: Herrera Vicencio Carlos 
Published: January 2024

El concepto de gestión sostenible en el aseguramiento de recursos para las actuales y futuras generaciones no solo es en el logro, sino también en el cómo, al incluir factores sociales, medioambientales, económicos y éticos en el desarrollo sostenible de las organizaciones basado en sistemas de gestión holísticos, en empresas que aplican inteligencia artificial.
El objetivo del artículo, es desarrollar un enfoque ingenieril y social, la relación de la sostenibilidad, los Sistemas Integrados en las organizaciones 4.0 y el desarrollo de la cultura organizacional en la prestación de servicios y generación de productos, en un competitivo mundo empresarial, donde en su evolución las organizaciones se encuentran el desafío de alcanzar el desarrollo sostenible mediante la innovación, dentro de la cual está la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) y sus retos globales como el cambio climático o las crisis sanitarias, entre otras.
Para el desarrollo de esta, visón se realizó una revisión de documentos en los que se encuentran tesis, artículos publicados en revistas indexadas, informes y documentos de trabajo de organizaciones relacionadas con la temática abordada, dando como resultado un texto que versa sobre el contexto histórico de los SIG, del papel de normativas como las ISO y el papel de la IA en la gestión sostenible y los SIG en las Organizaciones 4.0.
En conclusión, la gestión sostenible y los SIG han demostrado ser excelente herramientas de gestión, por su contribución a la cultura de las organizaciones y apoyo a líderes 360°, para generar filosofía de trabajo digno y sostenible que permite lograr crecimiento y desarrollo.
The Palestine Liberation Organization
Authors: Baracskay Daniel 
Published: January 2024

This meticulous and in-depth book chronicles the evolution of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)—one of the most powerful and influential terrorist organizations in modern Middle Eastern politics and world affairs.
The Palestine Liberation Organization continues to exert considerable influence in Middle Eastern politics: ongoing hostilities between Palestinian militants and the state of Israel have affected the region significantly and continue to threaten prospects for a lasting peace. The PLO has expanded over time to encompass numerous factions that share the vision of liberating the Palestinian homeland, with aspirations for governing through self-determination. And with the PLO's financial assets estimated at $8–10 billion, it has the monetary clout to help determine the direction of affairs in the region.
This book provides a thorough and systematic analysis of the historical events which culminated in the creation of the Palestine Liberation Organization. It begins with an introduction to key people, places, and events in the history of the PLO that includes the organization's creation and ideological foundations, its support base, financial structure, and recruitment strategies. Later topics include the PLO's role in the politics and affairs of specific countries, including Jordan and Lebanon; recent trends in its existence; and its evolution into being a terrorist organization.
Feasting with the Great-grandmother: The Tea Banquet Ritual Programs and the Worship of the Mother of Wutong
Authors: Yongchao 陳泳超 CHEN , Chao Shin-yi , Ho Eunice , Cao Xinyi 
Published: January 2024

The Tea Banquet, popular in the reaches of Lake Tai (Taihu 太湖), especially in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, is a veneration ritual of making offerings to Taimu 太姥 (tailao in Mandarin, Great-grandmother) along with her sons, the famous Wutong 五通 gods, and her daughters-in-law. Through historical records and fieldwork, this essay presents the trajectory of the ritual’s transmission and transformation.
Written records of the Tea Banquet can be found as early as in the mid-Ming dynasty, and there are numerous liturgical manuals in the possession of local ritual experts. This essay first introduces the Tea Banquet from records of the Ming-Qing period. The next section presents detailed summaries of selected liturgical manuals. The manuals are grouped into two distinct traditions: that of Daoist experts and that of masters of “precious scroll” (baojuan) recitation. In conclusion, an analytic comparison of the Tea Banquet ritual performances between historical and contemporary times will illuminate the changes the ritual underwent.
Optimalisasi Pemasaran Produk Kerajinan Tangan Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan Melalui Online dan Offline di Lapas Perempuan Kelas IIA Semarang
Authors: Suroso Ervika Kholifah , Equatora Muhammad Ali , Antiny Putri Ayu , Anwar Umar 
Published: January 2024

Lembaga Pemasyarakatan merupakan salah satu unit pelaksanaan teknis kementrian hukum dan hak asasi manusia yang memiliki sistem pembinaan yang bertujuan untuk dapat merubah narapidana menjadi manusia seutuhnya kembali dan dapat diterima kembali kedalam masyarakat.Adapun salah satu pembinaan yang dilakukan oleh pihak Lembaga Pemasyarakatan yaitu program Pelatihan kerajinan tangan seperti Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Perempuan Kelas IIA Semarang yang memiliki program keterampilan handicrraft yang bertujuan mengasah skill narapidana dan dapat menjadi sumber penghasilan para narapidana, hal ini juga dapat menjadi bekal bagi narapidana ketika bebas nanti. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara agar handicraft narapidana yang dengan kualikfikasi kualitas barang serta harga yang sama dengan harga pasaran saat ini dapat diketahui oleh khalayak umum. Diharapkan hasil kerajinan tangan WBPdapat dipasarkan dan mengahsilkan keuntungan bagi WBP dan untuk Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Perempuan Kelas IIA Semarang sendiri.

Kata Kunci: Pemasaran, Produk , Warga Binaan