bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Four Midwives
Authors: Hill Carolyn Ericksen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
My arguments in Chapters 2 and 3 carried the assumption that the written and oral discourses of both students and teachers might hold more ethical and political force if principles and beliefs opposing their own were welcomed into their minds for generous negotiation. No matter how unsettling the joining might feel at first, I urged, more coherent thinking and greater conviction are born of looking the feared other in the eye and listening to both the familiar-sounding notes in her story and those not so familiar, finding ways to share stories with her and to fine-tune the differences in the overlap.
The Sisyphean Cycle
Authors: Mitton Jeffry B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his book on the evolution of sexual reproduction (1975), George Williams coined the term Sisyphean genotype to refer to an optimal genotype selected by biotic and abiotic components of the environment. Williams proposed low heritability of fitness from generation to generation, for the fitness of a genotype is highly dependent on the environment in which it was tested, and environments are rarely constant. Because the optimal genotype varies with environmental conditions, natural selection, like Sisyphus, is never done.
Runaway Tongue: Resistant Orality in Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Our Nig, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, and Beloved
Authors: Mullen Harryette 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The mainstream appeal of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin catalyzed literary as well as political activity in the nineteenth century. Leaving aside the numerous attacks, defenses, adaptations, imitations, and parodies the book inspired among white writers, let us note that Stowe, through the unprecedented popularity of her sympathetic black characters, had an impact on black writers so immediate that Uncle Tom’s Cabin can be regarded as an important precursor of the African American novel. Through the broad influence of this fictional work, Stowe almost single-handedly turned the interests of black readers and writers to the political, cultural, and economic possibilities of the novel. Recognizing the value of their personal and collective experience, black writers of both fictional and nonfictional works were influenced by Stowe’s exploitation of subliterary genres, her provocative combination of sentimental and slave narrative conventions, and her successful production of a text at once popular and ideological.1
Receptors
Authors: Lauffenburger Douglas A , Linderman Jennifer J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book addresses the interface between chemical engineering and cell biology, demonstrating how a mathematical modeling approach combined with quantitative experiments can provide enhanced understanding of cell phenomena involving receptor-ligand interactions. The work introduces engineers to key problems in receptor biology, and familiarizes cell biologists with the valuable insights that can be gained from engineering analysis and synthesis. The central unifying theme is the development of a quantitative understanding of how receptor-mediated cell functions depend on receptor and ligand molecular properties. Both basic and newly developed model frameworks are described over the entire spectrum of receptor processes, from fundamental cell-surface binding, intracellular trafficking, and signal transduction events to the cell behavioral functions they govern, including proliferation, adhesion, and migration. Emphasis is placed on mechanistic models that are accessible to testing. Researchers in the fields of biotechnology, biomedicine, bioengineering, and molecular biology will find the information presented here highly useful and clearly described.
Tube of Plenty
Authors: Barnouw Erik 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tube of Plenty is an abridgement of Erik Barnouw's classic 3-volume History of Broadcasting in the United States. The paperback edition was first published in 1976 and a second edition in 1982. Much has happened in television in the 1980s; the decline of the three major networks, the expansion of cable and satellite television, film channels like Home Box Office, the success of ESPN (sports), and MTV (pop music), and the increased way in which the White House in Washington has managed and controlled national news and its contents. Barnouw has added an extensive chapter dealing with the changes of the 1980s and looking ahead to the 1990s.
Behavior
Authors: Metzger Roland 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In contrast to the common knowledge of German cockroaches, there are large gaps in understanding and appreciating its behavior. Being nocturnal, cockroaches spend much of the time out of our sight. They are active primarily during dusk and night, and remain in refuges (or harborages) during daytime or other periods of light. On the other hand, attention is mainly devoted to controlling this species, so efforts to observe these insects in their natural environment for extended periods of time have been relatively limited. It has been just within the last several years that specific experiments regarding behavior were conducted which have enriched our knowledge with regard to activity budget, aggregation, dispersion and avoidance behavior. New and improved control methods hopefully can be developed as a result of this understanding of natural behavior patterns. Daily patterns of activity are pronounced in B. germanica. This cycle of activity or circadian rhythm generally varies between 22 and 26 hours. External cues synchronize the activity periods and various periodic events typically serve as cues to entrain the behavioral rhythms. Under natural circumstances daily light and dark photoperiods (daylight or artificial sources) are responsible for the definition of the circadian rhythm.
Economics and Medical Importance of German Cockroaches
Authors: Brenner Richard J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cockroaches have survived on this planet for over 300 million years, in part because they have taken an evolutionary strategy of generalization. The roughly 4,000 species of today are largely unchanged from their ancestors, having retained primitive chewing mouthparts that allow them to readily adapt to evolving food sources. Most of these species are feral and not associated with us in any way. But about 50 species became peridomestic or domestic with humans as we evolved from nomadic hunters to relatively sedentary producers of crops and tenders of domestic animals. Chewing mouthparts enabled cockroaches to consume a wide range of materials we produce, store, consume, discard or excrete. Because these 50 species are so closely associated with us, and commonly feed on decaying food, crumbs or scraps, and commonly occur in unsanitary areas such as sewage systems and septic tanks, their presence is perceived as a constant threat to our welfare. Principal among these is the German cockroach. Although no detailed records are kept that provide an accurate monetary figure on how much money is spent annually on German cockroach control, it is possible to assess the scope of our interactions with German cockroaches through direct and indirect comparisons. The best estimates of total damages attributed to cockroaches comes from 1988 data (Douce and McPherson 1989). Within Georgia, household and structural damages caused by insects were estimated to be *124.65 million; cockroaches accounted for 40% (*449.86 million).
Baits For German Cockroach Control
Authors: Reierson Donald A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Classically, cockroach baits are mixtures of insecticide in food or water that purportedly attract cockroaches and kill them after they eat or drink some of it. Presently the term “bait” is used to refer to a non-edible combination of insecticide and a food, odor or pheromone lure that kills the attracted insects if they contact the insecticide.
Insect Growth Regulators
Authors: Bennett Gary W , Reid Byron L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring (1962) dramatically focused public policy on the adverse effects of the indiscriminate and excessive use of inorganic and synthetic organic insecticides. The main concern was that these insecticides lacked selective activity - they were general biocides and, thus, toxic to most animal life. This event stimulated research to find alternative methods of chemical pest control, which eventually resulted in the discovery of chemistries possessing greater selectivity towards insects. One of the earliest successes from this activity was the discovery and development of insect growth regulators (IGRs) possessing very low mammalian toxicity.
Maxwell’s Analogies and Kinetic Theory
Authors: Achinstein Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the middle of the nineteenth century James Clerk Maxwell promulgated the use of analogies as a legitimate method of science. In his paper, “On Faraday’s Lines of Force,”‘ Maxwell focused on what he called “electrical science,” which, at the time, contained various laws of electricity and magnet ism that had been empirically established but had not been related or systematized.
On Keeping Faith, And On The Divisions Of Obligations
Authors: Carr Craig L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The duties expounded thus far are mutually owed by reason of that common kinship which nature established among all men, despite there having been no preceding act among them. But to circumscribe the duties that are to be mutually exercised among men by means of this boundary alone is insufficient. For, first of all, not just anyone has such goodness of character as to be willing to do all the things by which he can benefit others out of humanity or charity alone, without a well-founded hope of receiving an equivalent return. And the things that can come to us from others are frequently such that we cannot without losing face ask that they be furnished to us for free.
On Humankind’S Faculty Over Things
Authors: Carr Craig L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The constitution of the human body is such that it cannot be preserved out of its own internal substance but requires certain things taken from outside itself for its nourishment, and to fortify it against things which are destructive of its frame. Most things, indeed, are useful to man by enabling him to live a fuller and more pleasant life Accordingly, many reciprocal transactions take place among men, providing opportunities for many controversies and disputes. And these, lest they disturb the tranquillity of the human race, are both the focus of the natural law’s cautions and, we find, the main object of concern in most peoples’ civil laws.
On The Generation Of Supreme Civil Sovereignty Or Majesty
Authors: Carr Craig L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Let us see now from where the supreme sovereignty that exists in every state and is, as it were, its vivifying and sustaining soul, is directly and immediately produced. We presuppose here at the beginning that sovereignty, in order to achieve its proper effect, requires both the natural strength by which a subject, if he by chance presumes to refuse that which is enjoined, can be compelled by the manifestation of some evil, and a title by right of which others, in whom there is a corresponding obligation to obey its commands, can be enjoined to do or not do something. Both of these flow immediately from the pacts through which the state is formed.
Romancing the Border: Bird, Cooper, Simms, and the Frontier Novel
Authors: Nelson Dana D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“The business of a writer of fiction,” states Cooper unequivocally in his 1831 introduction to The Last of the Mohicans, “is to approach, as near as his powers will allow, to poetry” (7). There is an unresolved tension in Cooper’s introduction between his commitment to realism - giving an accurate account of “the Aborigines of the American continent” (5)-and his attraction to romance-”poetically to furnish a witness to the truth” (7). To achieve the latter, Cooper acknowledges, one must fudge a bit on realism: Cooper’s Natty isn’t quite so vulgar as he might have justifiably been portrayed by a more realistic pen.
Antisperm Antibodies
Authors: Mortimer David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
That postmeiotic male germ cells, spermatozoa, or sperm antigens can induce the production of auto- and isoantibodies that may interfere with fertility has been established since the beginning of the century (see Chapter 11). This chapter provides an overview of the methods for appropriate diagnostic tests to identify anti spermatozoal antibodies (ASABs) in various body fluids. A brief overview of the mechanisms whereby ASABs affect spermatozoa is also provided; greater detail may be found in Chapter 11.
Semen Microbiology and Virology
Authors: Mortimer David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Infections of the male reproductive tract can be contributory, even direct, causes of infertility (Eliasson, 1977; Fowler, 1981). Their investigation requires not only microbiological testing but seminal plasma biochemistry and careful clinical examination (palpation of the testes, epididymides, and prostate).
Abolishing the Logic of Identity: Contexts and Consequences
Authors: Posnock Ross 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When pressed for a “brief nickname” to describe his philosophy, William James usually offered “radical empiricism.” In 1896 he declared that a radical empiricist is anyone who believes that pluralism is the “permanent form of the world”: “For him the crudity of experience remains an eternal element thereof” (Will 6). The radical empiricist seeks to preserve this crudity from the assaults of “professionalism and pedantry” with their monistic, absolutist doctrines intolerant of what James calls the “ever not quite” (qtd. Perry 2: 630; Will 6). In this battle James gained crucial support from Henri Bergson’s Creative Evolution (1907): “We are fighting the same fight,” James excitedly wrote him.
“At the Active Pitch”: Mimetic Selfhood in James’s Autobiography
Authors: Posnock Ross 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the New York of 1851 the Hudson River Railroad was in the course of being built. On the corner of Eighteenth Street was a mansion whose grounds were full of animal life, “browsing, pecking, and parading creatures” that seemed to belong to a world separate from the “riot of explosion” and hurtling fragments of rock attending the railroad’s construction. On his way back home to Washington Square after visiting his tutor on Twenty-first Street, the eight-year-old Henry James would “dawdle and gape” at both scenes. The two “chance feasts” offered up by the “beguiling streets”-the thunderous construction and the tranquil animals-register the heterogeneity of a rural world in the process of becoming urban. James is rooted in this moment of transition, which is to say that the experience of being rooted is precisely what his daily life calls into question (Autobiography 15–16).
Generating the Argument-Outline
Authors: Kaye Sanford 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Everyone who writes has been told at one time or another to “sharpen the focus” of a paper, a report, or a memo. But that is the kind of advice that often creates more trouble than it resolves. How do you know what to put in and what to take out of a piece of writing, especially if you are writing under pressure? Most people imagine an analogy between sharpening the image in a viewfinder and focusing their words on a page, but locating the center of gravity in an essay can be far more complicated. Writers do not sharpen as much as they transform what they observe into their own perspective.
Producing the Final Draft
Authors: Kaye Sanford 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Here is the final draft of my position paper. Although the idea of a writing competency exam is appealing as a way of strengthening a basic skill, such an exam would be self defeating and destructive. It is expensl.ve, inefficient to administer, and demoralizing for both students and faculty. It would destroy the English department’s effectiveness in helping all students to learn, and cannot ensure competency in writing. Such a goal can only be accomplished by a creative, flexible, highly motivated teaching staff making instruction as individualized as possible toward the goal of writing as a lifelong skill. The competency idea is a tantalizing one, but it raises serious questions. Usually, as in computer literacy, such exams “certify” that students have been trained in some way.
The Integrated QWP System
Authors: Kaye Sanford 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Here is the QWP model as we have developed it through the first part of this book. Preparation. The writer’s point of view on the question posed; his or her relationship to the reader; the writer’s own commitment. Timetable. From planning the process to completing the final product. Plan of overall structure. The intrinsic characteristics of beginning, middle, other side, and conclusion. Provisional thesis. The writer’s commitment as a challenge to the reader. Because-clauses. Completing and supporting the thesis, and generating the other side.
Pessimism and the Tragic View of Life: Reconsiderations of Nietzsche’s Birth of Tragedy
Authors: Soll Ivan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Reconsideration of Nietzsche’s first book, The Birth of Tragedy, begins with his own repeated reassessments of it and his persistent reworking of its central ideas and concerns. When in 1886, fourteen years after the original publication of The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche brought out a new edition, he saw fit to furnish it with a preface called “Attempt at a Self-Criticism.” This self-criticism, being the criticism of a much earlier self, serves, like most retrospective self-criticism, to disassociate its author from what he perceives to have been his previous errors and follies. Among Nietzsche’s principal repudiations, here and in other critical retrospections, is his sweepingly stated rejection of any previously held allegiance to Schopenhauer’s philosophy and of any previously felt affinity for Schopenhauer’s spirit.
Rape Myths, Language, and the Portrayal of Women in the Media
Authors: Benedict Helen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In spite of the attempts by feminists and psychologists to explain away rape myths over the last two decades, studies have found that those myths are still alive and well. In his 1982 book, Men On Rape, Timothy Beneke interviewed a large sample of men and found that many not only blamed female victims for having been raped, but admitted to being tempted to commit rape themselves. Other studies conducted in 1987 found that victims are still widely blamed for inviting rape, while perpetrators are seen as lustful men driven beyond endurance. In 1991, The New York Times featured an article about rape victims who blame themselves.4 A telephone survey of 500 American adults taken for Time magazine in May 1991, found that 53 percent of adults over age fifty and 31 percent of adults between thirty-five and forty believe that a woman is to be blamed for her rape if she dressed provocatively.5 And at the end of 1991, Newsweek pointed out that the public’s disinclination to believe either Anita Hill during the Justice Clarence Thomas hearings on sexual harassment or Patricia Bowman, who said she was raped by William Kennedy Smith, “show the lengths skeptics will go to deny the possibility of sexual offense.”6 Because rape myths continue to hold such sway, and because they lie at the root of my discussion in this book, they must be explained again.
“A Policeman in Every Bedroom” : The 1978-1979 Greta and John Rideout Marital Rape Case
Authors: Benedict Helen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the Christmas week of 1978, an unlikely young couple in the small city of Salem, Oregon, became famous overnight. Reporters from all over the country and from as far away as Germany and· England descended on the bewildered pair and on the modest courthouse of Salem and stayed for over a week, exciting and disturbing the natives and creating what one local reporter called “a spectacle.” John and Greta Rideout, who were both twenty-one-years old, were sudden celebrities, but not for any reasons of glamor. John Rideout was standing trial on the charge of rape, and the victim was his wife.
Historical Sources
Authors: Neiman Susan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A revision of our understanding of Kant’s project requires a revision of our understanding of his relation to his predecessors. The task of this chapter is to provide one. My goal is not to present a detailed study that would trace historical influences on Kant’s thought, though I have often lrawn on such studies. The aim, again, is systematic reconstruction. If Kant’s goal is to provide a reinterpretation of the notion of reason, what philosophical problems led him to do so? What was the conceptual background against which his revolution can be placed and understood? In answering these questions I will draw on the familiar schema that places Kant as mediator between rationalists and empiricists, but will describe this relation in less familiar terms.
Introduction
Authors: Darden Lindley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
New ideas are exciting. Yet how they develop is mysterious. This book attempts to remove some of the mystery from the development of new scientific ideas. Consider: If new ideas arise from old ones, then their origin is n’t so puzzling. If new theories don’t arise all at once, but instead develop piecemeal in incremental stages, then scientific theory formation is more comprehensible than it would appear at first glance.
Exemplars, Diagrams, and Diagnosis
Authors: Darden Lindley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Throughout this analysis, I have emphasized that I have often stated claims more explicitly than was found in the historical literature. Theoretical components stated in sentences have been useful for my purpose of tracing the development of the theory of the gene. This lack of fidelity to the actual published record, however, raises a question: if geneticists usually did not explicitly state their theories in sentences or explicitly define their theoretical terms, how were theories usually represented in the literature.
Milton’s Bogey Reconsidered
Authors: Kowaleski-Wallace Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Strictures on the Modern System of Female Education, Hannah More vindicates Milton’s paternal character.1 Defending Milton, she implicitly defends her own father as well, while she manifests a tendency to identify with Milton’s daughters. According to More, Milton merely enforced the “strict domestic regulations of his age” in having his daughters read Greek and Latin to him. However, she overlooks the point of the anecdote: Milton’s daughters were said not to have understood the languages they read. In denying it a hardship “that an affectionate child” should amuse an afflicted parent, More obscures the significance of the story.
Introduction/The Persistence of Memory: Joyce’s Regress from Mortmain to Atavism
Authors: Schneidau Herbert N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Here we can see Hawthorne carried from bemusement to disgust by the inscription of his own thought. His grimace at the appalling spectacle of all those form of rule from the grave was echoed many times in the nineteenth century; it became characteristic of the age: as Marx said, the past weighed like a nightmare on the brains of the living. Although many intellectuals demurred, pro gressivism was powerful enough in that century to make many think that the hold of the past was all that kept humankind from true fulfillment. Scientism was in flower; railroads, Crystal Pal aces, electoral reform, and the like gave the more hopeful cause to believe in a new meaning for the term Utopia