bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid assessment of the factors contributing to the increase in maternal and perinatal mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Latin American region
Authors: Chapman Evelina , Ramos Silvina , Romero Mariana , Sciurano Guido , Ricca Jim , Metcalfe Gloria , Contreras Jovita Ortiz , Acevedo Daniel Camilo Aguirre , Cordova Jorge Hermida , Camacho-Hubner Alma Virginia , Dávila Joaquín Gómez 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 infection in pregnant women was known to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean as a consequence of comorbidity and disruption in the supply and use of health services.
Methods: A multi-country qualitative study was carried out in Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador to investigate the factors contributing to maternal mortality in the period March 2020 - July 2021. Four sources were analyzed: health policy documents and interviews with decision-makers, service providers of health and relatives of women who died due to maternal causes during the aforementioned period.
The information collected was coded according to dimensions of the SURE Collaborative model (Supporting the Use of Research Evidence Collaborative) for the analysis of the implementation of health policies; and their implementation was analyzed by applying the Three Delays model. Sixty-two policy documents were analyzed, and 21 interviews with decision makers, 30 interviews with service providers and 28 interviews with relatives of women who died from maternal causes were conducted.
Results: The most relevant findings were the change in the maternal and reproductive health care model with the disruption of primary health care; the prioritization of emergency care for patients affected by COVID-19; and the fear of pregnant women to seek health services. The atomization of health management and the problems of communication/dissemination of the measures aimed at the general population and health teams generally undermined the provision of quality maternal and reproductive health services. Socioeconomic vulnerability was combined with the lack of systematic implementation measures for the policies. An example of this was the implementation of telemedicine and home visits. There were resource and skills gaps both in the system and among users. Likewise, deficits were identified in infrastructure, inputs, human resources, and their protection which mainly affected the third delay.
Conclusion: Various factors affected the availability, use, and quality of maternal, reproductive, and perinatal health services during the COVID 19 pandemic. Access to timely quality maternal health care was severely affected.
Study registration: The study protocol was registered on the OSF storage website (1).
I remember you; Experimental evidence of true acoustic individual recognition in a wild passerine.
Authors: Farrow Lucy , Barati Ahmad , Hamlin Adam , McDonald Paul 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
True individual recognition refers to an animal's ability to recognise at least one unique feature of another individual. Demonstrating this in animals equivocally can be difficult, as it requires confounding variables such as location, kinship or familiarity to be carefully controlled. This is problematic, as a poor understanding of how individual recognition operates limits our understanding of pathways that shape intelligence, sociality, and cooperation in taxa. Noisy miners (Manorina melanocephala) are a highly social bird that exhibits multiple cooperative behaviours accompanied by functionally referential vocal signals, providing an ideal model for studying recognition. We employed an adapted habituation-discrimination paradigm to experimentally demonstrate true individual recognition in miners, as a receiver’s habituation to a calling individual transferred across different social contexts. This was observed in wild birds that were not subject to any additional training, and exhibited even by receivers exposed to novel signallers. These findings have significant implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying avian cooperation and cognition in complex animal societies, and indicate that recognition in this species is likely based on individual vocal characteristics.
­­­­­­Coral Reef research trend in Malaysia from the Web of Science database: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Hai Ping , Safuan Che Din Mohd , Su Suriyanti Nyun Pau , Maulud Khairul Nizam Abdul , Chandru Kuhan , Jaafar Wan Shafrina Wan Mohd , Wee Hin Boo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Research on coral reef ecosystems has been receiving great attention due to anthropogenic and climate stressors, causing degradation of the ecosystem. While Malaysia is known for its extensive coral reef coverage, the trajectory of its coral reef research trends remained poorly described. Hence, this paper aims to address the state of Malaysian coral reef research using the Web of Science (WoS; 1971–2021, 10,875 publications) database, via hybrid study of meta-analysis with extended review. This will accompany with comparisons against other major coral reef regions globally (sensu Reimer et al., 2019: Red Sea, Great Barrier Reefs, Caribbean, and Ryukyus Islands), and within four areas in the country (East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak and Sabah). Research papers compiled indicated that Malaysian-based coral reef publication in WoS database is relatively lacking, especially in coral physiology (reproduction) and reef-associated invertebrates (Sponges, bacteria, etc.) whereas its research pool is dominated by Marine Protected Areas studies. East Coast Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah were the dominant study areas for coral reef. Most of the studies were focused on Cnidaria (including reef-building corals), coral reef environments (water quality), and reef-associated fish (Pisces). Additionally, the results showed that research trends are mostly regional-centric within Malaysia, with substantial contrast of interest and limited comparison among distinct marine ecoregions. Hence, comprehensive and collective efforts are needed to establish an ecological research framework. By addressing this, the information from those research data will enable establishment of effective conservation and management strategies.
Myeloid Neoplasms appearing after Cytotoxic Therapy in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Experience at a Single Institute
Authors: Huang Shih-Yun , Wu Cheng-Han , Jiang Rong-San , Liu Yi-Chun , Wang Chen-Chi , Liang Kai-Li 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Myeloid neoplasms post cytotoxic therapy (MN-pCT) is a specific hematological disease arising after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for a variety of primary unrelated malignancies or autoimmune diseases. MN-pCT after treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is rarely reported. Here, we aimed to determine the prevalence and risks of MN-pCT among individuals who have previously undergone treatment for NPC.
Methods
Data were retrieved from the cancer registry database of the study hospital. History of NPC patients who had undergone CRT during the period of 2006 to 2021 was reviewed. MN-pCT after NPC treatment were identified among them. In addition, a group of patients with de novo myeloid neoplasms matched with the gender and age of MN-pCT subjects were collected for comparison.
Results
A total of 9 patients with MN-pCT related to NPC therapy were identified. Six were myelodysplastic syndrome-post cytotoxic therapy (MDS-pCT) and 3 were acute myeloid leukemia-post cytotoxic therapy (AML-pCT). All had undergone high-dose radiotherapy and alkylating agents. The median time from NPC therapy to the diagnosis of MN-pCT was 7 years. MN-pCT patients presented with anemia, neutropenia, recurrent infection, and fatigue. All NPC related MN-pCT died when this study ended with a median overall survival of only 2 months. There were significant differences in survival between patients with MN-pCT and patients with de novo AML / MDS (P = 0.0001).
Conclusion
Individuals who have undergone intensive treatment for NPC display a propensity to develop MN-pCT. Despite the relatively low incidence of MN-pCT, the associated prognosis was dismal. This study emphasizes the importance of heightened vigilance when managing NPC survivors who have received intensive treatment even beyond the conventional 5-year surveillance period.
Rubella Virus-Associated Cutaneous Granulomas in an Adult With TAP1 Deficiency Case Report
Authors: Wang Qiaohui , Su Huilin , Han Jiande , Lin Naiyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Rubella virus-associated granulomas commonly occur in immunocompromised individuals, exhibiting a diverse range of clinical presentations. These manifestations can vary from predominantly superficial cutaneous plaques or nonulcerative nodules to more severe deep ulcerative lesions, often accompanied by extensive necrosis and significant tissue destruction. TAP1 deficiency, an exceedingly rare primary immunodeficiency disorder, presents with severe chronic sino-pulmonary infection and cutaneous granulomas. This report constitutes the inaugural documentation of rubella virus-associated cutaneous granulomas in a patient with TAP1 deficiency. This novel observation holds potential significance for the field of diagnosis and investigative efforts in the context of immunodeficiency disorders.
Risk factors and predictive nomograms of bedside emergency endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with endotracheal intubation
Authors: Zeng Ajuan , Li Yangjie , Lyu Lingna , Zhang Shibin , Zhang Yuening , Ding Huiguo , Li Lei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The data on the clinical practice of emergency endoscopic therapy following endotracheal intubation in remain limited. In this retrospective study, we aimed to explore the efficacy and risk factors of bedside emergency endoscopic treatment following endotracheal intubation in (EGVB) patients. The included EGVB patients were allocated to training and validation sets in a randomly stratified manner. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors to construct nomograms for predict the prognosis related to endoscopic hemostasis failure rate and 6-week mortality. In result, WBC (p = 0.03), CTP score (p= 0.001) and comorbid shock (p= 0.005) were selected as independent clinical predictors of endoscopic hemostasis failure. High CTP score (p = 0.003) and gastric varices (p= 0.009) were related to early rebleeding after emergency endoscopic treatment. Furthermore, the 6-week mortality was significantly associated with MELD scores (p = 0.002), the presence of hepatic encephalopathy (p=0.045) and postoperative rebleeding (p< 0.001). Finally, we developed practical nomograms to discern the risk of the emergency endoscopic hemostasis failure and 6-week mortality for EGVB patients, which may help identify high-risk patients for earlier implementation of aggressive treatments.
Biased Cv Static Correlation Based XGB-SVM Stack Model for Stroke Prediction
Authors: P Rajesh Kanna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The earlier a stroke is detected, the better the odds of successful treatment and recovery. Early identification of people at high risk of stroke can lead to the implementation of preventative interventions, lowering the incidence of stroke. Machine learning has emerged as a valuable technique in stroke prediction. It can be used to create risk prediction models, analyse medical pictures, real-time monitor patients, create personalised treatment plans, and anticipate the likely result of a stroke. Machine learning can assist healthcare providers in identifying patients at high risk of stroke, monitoring them in real time, and developing personalised treatment regimens to reduce stroke incidence and improve outcomes. Nave Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression, and other machine learning algorithms are used to predict strokes. Machine learning algorithms such as Nave Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), K closest Neighbours (KNN), and Random Forest (RF) are used to predict strokes.According to the observations, the model performs poorly in terms of accuracy and other metrics.The biassed Cramer's V (CV) static correlation with XGB-SVM stack model is proposed to solve the problem. To avoid overfitting, data pre-processing is used first to eliminate null values and oversample the given dataset. Biassed CV static correlation is used in the initial step to minimise the dimensionality of the dataset and choose features based on the important factor of each variable. The XGB-SVM stack model is utilised to predict the stroke efficiently in the second phase. According to the observations, the accuracy of the model is 97.6%, which is exceptionally high when compared to other models. When the Area under Curve (AUC)-Receiver Opportunistic Curve (ROC) is 0.99, it shows that the classification's performance is faultless.
Four-Electron Reduction of Benzene by a Simple Samarium(II)-Alkyl
Authors: Anker Mathew , Richardson Georgia , Rajeshkumar Thayalan , Burke Finlay , Cameron Scott , Nicholls Brooke , Harvey Joanne , Keyzers Robert , Butler Tane , Granville Simon , Liu Lujia , Maron Laurent 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Benzene reduction by molecular complexes remain a significant synthetic challenge, requiring harsh reaction conditions involving group 1 metals. Even under such forcing conditions only the one- or two-electron reduction of benzene has been achieved. The high stability of benzene is attributed to its aromaticity, imparted by the delocalisation of electrons across its six-carbon framework. All reductions of benzene to date result in a loss of aromaticity, although the hypothetical benzene tetra-anion is calculated to be stable and aromatic. The four-electron reduction has yet to be realised due to the lack of a sufficiently potent reductant. Here we present examples of four-electron reductions of benzene and its derivatives by a simple β-diketiminate samarium(II) alkyl reagent under mild conditions and without the need for group 1 metals. Whereas the reactivity of organo-samarium(II) compounds are typically defined by one-electron processes, the compounds reported here feature an unprecedented two-electron process. Density functional theory calculations implicate a transient samarium(I) intermediate involved in the reduction of benzene, which ultimately dimerise to give the inverted sandwich complex where two samarium(III) ions are bridged by a benzene tetra-anion. The remarkably strong reducing power of this samarium(II) alkyl implies a rich reactivity, providing applications as specialised reducing agents. This finding enhances the opportunities for the strategic reduction of aromatic rings in synthetic design, with implications for several scientific fields.
Verification of a New Pathogen Detection Method by PostSonication Next-Generation Sequencing with Quantitative Real-Time PCR for the Diagnosis of Orthopedic Biofilm Infection
Authors: Ueda Narumi , Inoue Jun , Okuda Kazuyuki , Hashiyada Masaki , Iida Hirokazu , Saito Takanori 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Next-generation sequencing (NGS), are recommended for the unconfirmed diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), but initial assessment using quantitative methods is required to determine whether microorganisms are present, before embarking on sequencing approaches. This study aimed to validate a new diagnostic approach for orthopedic biofilm infections that combines quantitative methods as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with NGS. This study sequenced 16 clinical samples from one patient with PJI and 16 quantitative positive controls. The detection rate of multiple Staphylococcus species with NGS was approximately ten times higher than with culture. The read counts of Staphylococci detected in peri-implant samples were negatively correlated with the qPCR Cq value, while the three most commonly detected contaminant bacteria were positively correlated with the qPCR Cq values. The results were similar to those of the quantitative positive control study. In conclusion, In addition, pathogens and contaminants can also be discriminated by correlation with qPCR Cq values. These results of NGS with qPCR method can be used to determine the cause of clinically problematic infections in NGS that are difficult to confirm because false positive results in diagnosing infection are expected to cause misdiagnosis and misidentification of the causative organism, causing inappropriate therapy.
Inheritance of Aromatic Traits in a Yunnan Aromatic Rice Landrace without fgr allele
Authors: Zhang Jiangli , Guo Junjun , Gao Liang , Pu Shihuang , Zhang Liang , Zhang Chunlong , Yang Mi , Li Juan , Wen Jiancheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The most important aroma component 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP) in aromatic rice is accumulated due to the presence of the fgr gene on chromosome 8 in rice. In a previous study, during the detection of the fgr aroma gene in a large number of aromatic rice varieties, a Yunnan local aromatic rice variety Paishaxiangnuo, which does not contain the fgr gene, was found. In this study, the main aroma substances of this fragrant rice variety were found to be basically consistent with the composition of Diantun 502, a fragrant rice variety with the fgr gene, by GCMS, and the content of 2-AP, the main aroma substance, was higher in this variety than that of Diantun 502. It was found that the aroma genes contained in this variety were neither equipotent nor chained to fgr by the allelicity test. Therefore, there may be an undiscovered rice flavour gene in Paishaxiangnuo, a local aromatic rice variety in Yunnan, China, which can significantly increase the content of 2-AP, the main aroma substance of aromatic rice. The investigation and analysis of agronomic traits of the hybrid progeny of Paishaxiangnuo indicated that new aromatic rice varieties bred using Paishaxiangnuo should be focused on increasing the length of panicle as well as increasing the number of full grains and the productive Tiller number.
Example-Driven Trajectory Learner for Robots under Structured Static Environment
Authors: S. Midhun M. , Kamal Suraj , Kurian James 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

With the breakthroughs in machine learning and computing infrastructures that have led to significant performance improvements in cognitive robotics, the challenge of trajectory-continuous task creation persists. Various constraints in the physical capability of robots, environmental changes and long-time reliance on sequential dependencies between inter-joint and intra-joint relationships made the work exceptionally hard. Many robot environments function under structured static work-cell completing extended series of subtasks. The conventional descriptors for robot trajectory rely on symbolic rules with human intelligence, which involves skilled individuals and possesses significant limitations, such as being time-consuming and requiring enhanced adaptability due to the static nature of task descriptions alone.On the other hand, reinforcement learning is an empiricism-based approach that learns through iterative interaction with the environment. However, the resource requirements for achieving convergence and the need for appropriate infrastructure can be substantial, especially in complex environments with a large action space that can pose significant challenges. Artificially inculcating innate prior knowledge is introduced with a dataset to reduce the search space in the symbolic trajectory learner.The suggested technique employs a probabilistic network and data-efficient modelling termed generative adversarial networks, which learns the underlying constraints, probability distributions and arbitrations, along with generating a representation of trajectory instances at each time of sampling. This research also proposes a way to calculate the robot path accuracy in extrinsic generative models. The model assessment was carried out by utilising a custom-built dataset and robot operating system, yielding encouraging results in robot path accuracy and generated samples.
Physiological, molecular, and genetic mechanism of action of the biostimulant QuantisTM for increased thermotolerance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Jayaweera Dasuni P. , Dambire Charlene , Angelopoulou Dimitra , Munné-Bosch Sergi , Swarup Ranjan , Ray Rumiana V. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Raising global temperatures limit crop productivity and new strategies are needed to improve the resilience of thermosensitive crops such as potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Biostimulants are emerging as potential crop protection products against environmental stress, however their mechanism of action remains largely unknown, hindering their wider adoption. We used comprehensive physiological, molecular, and mass spectrometry approaches to develop understanding of the mechanism of plant thermotolerance exerted by the biostimulant, QuantisTM, under heat stress. Using orthologues gene mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana we report heat-defence genes, modified by QuantisTM, which were also investigated for potential overlapping functions in biotic stress defence to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani.
Results
QuantisTM enhanced PSII photochemical efficiency and decreased thermal dissipation of potato grown under heat stress. These effects were associated with upregulation of genes with antioxidant function, including PR10, flavonoid 3′‐hydroxylase and b-glucosidases, and modulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin (CK) activity in leaves by QuantisTM. The biostimulant modulated the expression of the heat-defence genes, PEN1, PR4 or MEE59, with functions in leaf photoprotection and root thermal protection, but with no overlapping function in biotic stress defence. Protective root growth under heat stress, following the biostimulant application, was correlated with enhanced CK signalling in roots. Significant upregulation of StFKF1 consistent with tuberization promoting effects and increase in endogenous concentration of ABA and CK in potato leaves modulated by QuantisTM resulted in 8% tuber weight increase and 42% larger tuber size, thus mitigating negative effects of heat stress on tuber growth.
Conclusions
QuantisTM application prior to heat stress effectively primed heat tolerance responses and alleviated temperature stress of S. tuberosum L. and A. thaliana by modulating the expression and function of PR4 and MEE59 and by regulating CK activity above and below ground, indicating that the mechanism of action of the biostimulant is conserved, and will be effective in many plant species. Thus, a biostimulant application targeting the most susceptible crop developmental stages to heat disorders can be effectively integrated within future agronomy practices to mitigate losses in other thermosensitive crops.