bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linear group delay spectral interferometry for full-range precision absolute length metrology
Authors: Wang Jindong , Huang Jingsheng , Liu Qihua , Du Wei , Zhang Fumin , Zhu Tao 
Published: December 2023

The optical frequency comb serves as a powerful tool for distance measurement by integrating numerous stable optical modes into interferometric measurements, enabling unprecedented absolute measurement precision. Nonetheless, due to the periodicity of its pulse train, the comb suffers from measurement dead zones and ambiguities, thereby impeding its practical applications. Here, we present a linear group delay spectral interferometer for achieving precise full-range distance measurements. By employing a carefully designed linear group delay (LGD) device for phase modulation of the comb modes, interference can occur and be easily measured at any position. Our approach effectively eliminates the dead zones and ambiguities in comb-based ranging, without the need for cumbersome auxiliary scanning reference devices or reliance on complex high-repetition-rate combs or high-resolution spectrometers. We conducted length metrology experiments using a mode-locked comb referenced to a rubidium clock, achieving a large nonambiguity range up to 0.3 m, covering the entire measurement period. The maximum deviation compared to a laser interferometer was less than 1.5 μm, and the minimum Allan deviation during long-term measurements reached 5.47 nm at a 500 s averaging time. The approach ensures high accuracy while maintaining a simple structure, without relying on complex external devices, thereby propelling the practical implementation of comb-based length metrology.
Uncovering associations between pre-existing conditions and COVID-19 Severity: A polygenic risk score approach across three large biobanks
Authors: Fritsche Lars G. , Nam Kisung , Du Jiacong , Kundu Ritoban , Salvatore Maxwell , Shi Xu , Lee Seunggeun , Burgess Stephen , Mukherjee Bhramar 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To overcome the limitations associated with the collection and curation of COVID-19 outcome data in biobanks, this study proposes the use of polygenic risk scores (PRS) as reliable proxies of COVID-19 severity across three large biobanks: the Michigan Genomics Initiative (MGI), UK Biobank (UKB), and NIH All of Us. The goal is to identify associations between pre-existing conditions and COVID-19 severity.

Methods
Drawing on a sample of more than 500,000 individuals from the three biobanks, we conducted a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to identify associations between a PRS for COVID-19 severity, derived from a genome-wide association study on COVID-19 hospitalization, and clinical pre-existing, pre-pandemic phenotypes. We performed cohort-specific PRS PheWAS and a subsequent fixed-effects meta-analysis.

Results
The current study uncovered 23 pre-existing conditions significantly associated with the COVID-19 severity PRS in cohort-specific analyses, of which 21 were observed in the UKB cohort and two in the MGI cohort. The meta-analysis yielded 27 significant phenotypes predominantly related to obesity, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular conditions. After adjusting for body mass index, several clinical phenotypes, such as hypercholesterolemia and gastrointestinal disorders, remained associated with an increased risk of hospitalization following COVID-19 infection.

Conclusion
By employing PRS as a proxy for COVID-19 severity, we corroborated known risk factors and identified novel associations between pre-existing clinical phenotypes and COVID-19 severity. Our study highlights the potential value of using PRS when actual outcome data may be limited or inadequate for robust analyses.
Menopausal hormone therapy and central nervous system tumors: Danish nested case-control study
Authors: Pourhadi Nelsan , Meaidi Amani , Friis Søren , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Mørch Lina S. 
Published: December 2023

Background
Use of estrogen-containing menopausal hormone therapy has been shown to influence the risk of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. However, it is unknown how the progestin-component affects the risk and whether continuous versus cyclic treatment regimens influence the risk differently.

Methods and findings
Nested case-control studies within a nationwide cohort of Danish women followed for 19 years from 2000 to 2018. The cohort comprised 789,901 women aged 50 to 60 years during follow-up, without prior CNS tumor diagnosis, cancer, or contraindication for treatment with menopausal hormone therapy. Information on cumulative exposure to female hormonal drugs was based on filled prescriptions. Statistical analysis included educational level, use of antihistamines, and use of anti-asthma drugs as covariates. During follow-up, 1,595 women were diagnosed with meningioma and 1,167 with glioma. The median (first–third quartile) follow-up time of individuals in the full cohort was 10.8 years (5.0 years to 17.5 years). Compared to never-use, exposure to estrogen-progestin or progestin-only were both associated with increased risk of meningioma, hazard ratio (HR) 1.21; (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.06, 1.37] p = 0.005) and HR 1.28; (95% CI [1.05, 1.54] p = 0.012), respectively. Corresponding HRs for glioma were HR 1.00; (95% CI [0.86, 1.16] p = 0.982) and HR 1.20; (95% CI [0.95, 1.51] p = 0.117). Continuous estrogen-progestin exhibited higher HR of meningioma 1.34; (95% CI [1.08, 1.66] p = 0.008) than cyclic treatment 1.13; (95% CI [0.94, 1.34] p = 0.185). Previous use of estrogen-progestin 5 to 10 years prior to diagnosis yielded the strongest association with meningioma, HR 1.26; (95% CI [1.01, 1.57] p = 0.044), whereas current/recent use of progestin-only yielded the highest HRs for both meningioma 1.64; (95% CI [0.90, 2.98] p = 0.104) and glioma 1.83; (95% CI [0.98, 3.41] p = 0.057). Being an observational study, residual confounding could occur.

Conclusions
Use of continuous, but not cyclic estrogen-progestin was associated with increased meningioma risk. There was no evidence of increased glioma risk with estrogen-progestin use. Use of progestin-only was associated with increased risk of meningioma and potentially glioma. Further studies are warranted to evaluate our findings and investigate the influence of long-term progestin-only regimens on CNS tumor risk.
Coming of age in recovery: The prevalence and correlates of substance use recovery status among adolescents and emerging adults
Authors: Smith Douglas C. , Reinhart Crystal A. , Begum Shahana , Kosgolla Janaka , Kelly John F. , Bergman Brandon B. , Basic Marni 
Published: December 2023

Background and aims
To date, no epidemiological survey has estimated the prevalence of adolescents identifying as being in recovery. This is necessary for planning and identifying the needs of youth with current and remitted substance use disorders. This study estimated the prevalence of recovery status in a large statewide epidemiological survey administered between January and March 2020.

Participants
Participants were high school students in 9th through 12th grades throughout Illinois.

Measurements
Youth were asked if they were in recovery and if they had resolved problems with substances. Youth who reported recovery and problem resolving dual status (DS), recovery only (RO), and problem resolution only (PRO) were compared to propensity score matched control groups who reported neither status (neither/nor; NN). Outcomes included alcohol use, binge alcohol use, cannabis use, and prescription drug use in the past 30 days.

Findings
Prevalence estimates were 884 (1.4%) for DS, 1546 (2.5%) for PRO, and 1,811 (2.9%) for RO. Relative to propensity matched control samples, all three groups had significantly lower odds of prescription drug use. The PRO group had lower odds of past month cannabis use. There were no significant differences for either alcohol outcome.

Conclusions
Prevalence estimates of youth in recovery are slightly lower than those of adults in recovery, and estimates should be replicated. Youth in recovery and those resolving problems have numerous behavioral health needs, and relative to matched controls, have even odds for past 30-day alcohol use. These findings compel us to further define recovery for adolescents and emerging adults to allow for improving treatments and epidemiological research.
Trayectorias, perspectivas y prospectivas de los movimientos no-violentos
Authors: Del Río Reina Luis Ernesto 
Published: December 2023

Reseña de:
Garrido, M. B. (2022). Rupturas presidenciales: las acciones de la Fuerza Pública ante movimientos Noviolentos del Ecuador en 1997, 2000 y 2005. Universo de letras.
Melatonin supplementation does not alter vascular function or oxidative stress in healthy normotensive adults on a high sodium diet
Authors: Ramos Gonzalez Macarena , Axler Michael R. , Kaseman Kathryn E. , Lobene Andrea J. , Farquhar William B. , Witman Melissa A. , Kirkman Danielle L. , Lennon Shannon L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh sodium diets (HSD) can cause vascular dysfunction, in part due to increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Melatonin reduces ROS in healthy and clinical populations and may improve vascular function. The purpose was to determine the effect of melatonin supplementation on vascular function and ROS during 10 days of a HSD. We hypothesized that melatonin supplementation during a HSD would improve vascular function and decrease ROS levels compared to HSD alone. Twenty‐seven participants (13 M/14 W, 26.7 ± 2.9 years, BMI: 23.6 ± 2.0 kg/m2, BP: 110 ± 9/67 ± 7 mmHg) were randomized to a 10‐day HSD (6900 mg sodium/d) supplemented with either 10 mg of melatonin (HSD + MEL) or a placebo (HSD + PL) daily. Brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation, a measure of macrovascular function, (HSD + PL: 7.1 ± 3.8%; HSD + MEL: 6.7 ± 3.4%; p = 0.59) and tissue oxygenation index (TSI) reperfusion rate, a measure of microvascular reactivity, (HSD + PL: 0.21 ± 0.06%/s; HSD + MEL: 0.21 ± 0.08%/s; p = 0.97) and TSI area under the curve (HSD + PL: 199899 ± 10,863 a.u.; HSD + MEL: 20315 ± 11,348 a.u.; p = 0.17) were similar at the end of each condition. Neither nitroxide molarity (HSD + PL: 7.8 × 10−5 ± 4.1 × 10−5 mol/L; HSD + MEL: 8.7 × 10−5 ± 5.1 × 10−5 mol/L; p = 0.55) nor free radical number (HSD + PL: 8.0 × 1015 ± 4.4 × 1015; HSD + MEL: 9.0 × 1015 ± 4.9 × 1015; p = 0.51) were different between conditions. Melatonin supplementation did not alter vascular function or ROS levels while on a HSD in this sample of young healthy normotensive adults.
Differential diagnosis of ascites: etiologies, ascitic fluid analysis, diagnostic algorithm
Authors: Du Li , Wei Ning , Maiwall Rakhi , Song Yuhu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Ascites is the pathological accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity. It often occurs as results of liver cirrhosis, malignant neoplasia, tuberculous infection, cardiac insufficiency, renal diseases, etc. Determining the etiology is an essential step in the management of patients with new-onset ascites. Abdominal paracentesis with appropriate ascitic fluid analysis is probably the most cost-effective method of determining the cause of ascites. We performed a literature search of PubMed and identified articles published in the field of ascites, to evaluate diagnostic values of various parameters in defining the etiologies of ascites and then provides diagnostic algorithm for patients with new-onset ascites. In patients with ascites, the constituent ratio of underlying etiology varies between developed and developing countries. It is a challenge to define the etiologies of ascites in developing countries. Routine ascitic fluid analysis should include the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG), total protein concentration, cell count and differential. Optional ascitic fluid analysis includes cholesterol, fluid culture, cytology, tumor markers, lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase (ADA), triglyceride, amylase, glucose, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), etc. Our review evaluated diagnostic values of the above parameters in defining the etiologies of ascites. Diagnostic algorithm established in this review would provide a practical and convenient diagnostic strategy for clinicians in diagnosing patients with new-onset ascites.
An Inter-Laboratory Comparison for the Urinary Acrolein Biomarker 3-Hydroxypropyl-Mercapturic Acid (3-HPMA)
Authors: Scherer Gerhard , Heller Wolf-Dieter , McEwan Michael , Göen Thomas , Joza Peter , Liu Nan , Newland Kirk , Schettgen Thomas , Wang Sheng , Sohn Hyung-Ok , Troude Valerie , Yuki Dai , Zheng Saijing , Zhou Guojun 
Published: December 2023

Summary
An inter-laboratory comparison study on the acrolein biomarker of exposure 3-hydroxypropyl-mercapturic acid (3-HPMA) with 12 laboratories from 7 globally distributed countries was performed. The laboratories received coded triplicates of 4 spiked and lyophilized urine samples (LU, 12 samples) as well as 5 authentic urine pool samples (PU, 15 samples) covering the 3-HPMA concentration range from background (non-smoking) to heavy smoking levels for analysis by using their own (in-house) analytical method. All laboratories applied liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with most of them (10 of 12) using solid phase extraction (SPE) as sample work-up procedure. The intra-laboratory variation (indicating repeatability) was determined by calculating the standard deviation (sr) and the coefficient of variation (CVr) of the triplicates, whereas the inter-laboratory variation (indicating reproducibility) was determined by calculating the standard deviation between laboratories (sR) and the corresponding coefficient of variation (CVR). After removal of outlier samples or laboratories, the mean CVr values for LU and PU test samples ranged from 2.1–3.6% (mean: 2.8%) and 2.4–3.7% (mean: 3.3%), respectively, indicating good repeatability for the determination of 3-HPMA in both sample types. CVR for LU and PU test samples ranged from 9.1–31.9% (mean: 18.8%) and 13.9–27.0% (mean: 18.5%), respectively, indicating limited reproducibility in 3-HPMA analysis for both sample types. Re-calculation of the PU results by applying an embedded calibration (EC), derived from the reported peak areas for the LU test samples, somewhat improved the CVR values (range: 9.6–28.8%, mean: 16.7%).
It is concluded that the intra-laboratory variation (repeatability) in the determination of 3-HPMA in urine is in general acceptable in the participating laboratories, while the inter-laboratory variability requires further improvement. The relatively small reduction in the inter-laboratory variability (sR and CVR) by applying an EC suggests that other methodological factors than the standard reference material for 3-HPMA have to be addressed to achieve further improvement in reproducibility.
Passenger flow forecast of tourist attraction based on MACBL in LBS big data environment
Authors: Tang Qili , Yang Li , Pan Li 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The existing scenic spot passenger flow prediction models have poor prediction accuracy and inadequate feature extraction ability. To address these issues, a multi-attentional convolutional bidirectional long short-term memory (MACBL)-based method for predicting tourist flow in tourist scenic locations in a location-based services big data environment is proposed in this study. First, a convolutional neural network is employed to identify local features and reduce the dimension of the input data. Then, a bidirectional long short-term memory network is utilized to extract time-series information. Second, the multi-head attention mechanism is employed to parallelize the input data and assign weights to the feature data, which deepens the extraction of important feature information. Next, the dropout layer is used to avoid the overfitting of the model. Finally, three layers of the above network are stacked to form a deep conformity network and output the passenger flow prediction sequence. In contrast to the state-of-the-art models, the MACBL model has enhanced the root mean square error index by at least 2.049, 2.926, and 1.338 for prediction steps of 24, 32, and 60 h, respectively. Moreover, it has also enhanced the mean absolute error index by at least 1.352, 1.489, and 0.938, and the mean absolute percentage error index by at least 0.0447, 0.0345, and 0.0379% for the same prediction steps. The experimental results indicate that the MACBL is better than the existing models in evaluating indexes of different granularities, and it is effective in enhancing the forecasting precision of tourist attractions.
Treatment of central nervous system relapse in PLZF::RARA-positive acute promyelocytic leukemia by venetoclax combined with arubicin, cytarabine and intrathecal therapy: a case report
Authors: Zhou Zhonghao , Zhu Feng , Wang Hui , Lu Fengyan , Xue Hongyi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Patients suffering from refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia with central nervous system relapse often have a poor prognosis. Among these patients, those with PLZF::RARA rearrangement exhibit poor responses to all-trans retinoic acid and conventional chemotherapy. Venetoclax, a selective inhibitor of B-cell lymphoma-2, can cross the blood–brain barrier and has been widely applied to acute myeloid leukemia therapy recently.

Case presentation
A case of central nervous system relapse in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia harboring PLZF::RARA rearrangement was successfully treated with anthracycline cytotoxic chemotherapy and cytarabine in combination with venetoclax, resulting in complete remission. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that the concentration of venetoclax in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was approximately 1/1,000 of that in plasma. Following the first treatment course, the patient’s bone marrow sample tested negative for PLZF::RARA. After the third treatment course, abnormal promyelocytic leukemia cells in the CSF were not detected using flow cytometry, and the PLZF::RARA test in the CSF remained negative.

Conclusions
This case report highlights a new approach for the treatment of central nervous system relapse in patients with PLZF::RARA-positive acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Universality of Dirichlet <i>L</i>-functions with shifted characters
Authors: Garunkštis Ramūnas 
Published: December 2023

We study Dirichlet L-functions with shifted characters L(s, χ, H) = ⅀∞n=1 χ(n+H) ∕ ns, where H is an integer. Here we obtain a joint universality theorem for such functions.
<i>CCND1</i> and <i>PTEN</i> genes as markers of progression in vulvar cancer
Authors: Busarova A. V. , Petrusenko N. A. , Kruze P. A. , Porhanova N. V. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of the study. Studying the relative copy number of 12 genes: MYC, PTEN, CCND1, PIK3CA, TP53, CDKN2A, MDM2, MCL1, NFKBIA, MTAP, BIRC2, KMT2C, to search for potential prognostic cancer markers in vulvar cancer (VR).Patients and methods. The study included 50 patients aged 29–80 years with the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva without metastases – group 1 (n = 25) and with metastases to the lymph nodes – group 2 (n = 25). Total DNA from paraffin blocks of tumor and conditionally healthy vulvar tissue served as the material for the study. The relative copy number of genes (RCQ) was assessed using the RT-qPCR method: MYC, PTEN, CCND1, PIK3CA, TP53, CDKN2A, MDM2, MCL1, NFKBIA, MTAP, BIRC2, KMT2C and referencegenes: GAPDH and B2M. Raw RT-qPCR data were analyzed using Bio-Rad CFX Manager software (ver. 2.1). RCQ of the genetic locus was calculated using the formula 2-ΔCt. Analysis of the significance of differences included determination of the OR (CI 95 %), Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U-test. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. Amplification was observed for 9 genes: MYC (48 % of cases), MCL1 (39 %), NFKBIA (46 %), CCND1 (52 %), PIK3CA (48 %), TP53 (62 %), MDM2 (40 %), BIRC2 (54 %), KMT2C (42 %); losses were recorded for 3 genes PTEN (44 % of cases), MTAP (32 %), CDKN2A (36 %). In the 2nd group of patients, a statistically significant 1.7-fold increase in RCQ of the CCND1 gene (p < 0.05) and a 1.9-fold decrease in RCQ of the PTEN gene (p < 0.05) were found.Conclusion. In the study, CCND1 amplification events and/or PTEN loss were associated with lymph node metastasis in RV patients. Thus, the copy numbers of these genes may serve as prognostic markers of the disease.
Metabolic profile in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Pomeshkin E. V. , Smirnov A. V. , Popov S. V. , Orlov I. N. , Bragin-Maltsev A. I. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of the study. To evaluate the levels of metabolic markers in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) in comparison with patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Patients and methods. 108 patients were included in the study. The majority of patients had comorbidities: coronary heart disease, hypertension, and almost one third of patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Median (Me) age was 67 (64–74), body mass index was 25.9–34.7. The main study group included 54 patients with histologically verified prostate cancer, the comparison group consisted of 54 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The level of basic biochemical parameters, glomerular filtration rate, lipidogram, total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), total testosterone was determined in all patients.Results. When comparing anamnestic and biochemical parameters, the groups were not statistically significantly different. When comparing the groups by lipid status, it turned out that in the group with RPW, in contrast to the group of patients with BHP, statistically significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (5.13 (3.3–10,4) and 4.60 (2.5–6.3)) mmol/L, respectively, p = 0.023), low–density lipoproteins (2.93 (0.8–5.9) and 2.60 (0.9–4.2) mmol/L, respectively, p = 0.035), triglycerides (2.10 (1.0–8.0) and 1.70 (0.5–7.3) mmol/L, respectively, p = 0.048). In case of dyslipidemia, an increased risk of developing PCa was identified. Correlation analysis revealed a direct moderate relationship between total PSA levels and total cholesterol concentration (r = 0.51).Conclusion. Our study revealed that in the PCa group, there was a higher level of total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides, in contrast to the group of patients with BPH. Additionally, in the group of patients with BPH, dyslipidemia was a risk factor in the development of PCa, which should be taken into account in PCa prevention and diagnosis.