bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning pose detection model for sow locomotion
Authors: Paula Tauana Maria Carlos Guimarães , Sousa Rafael Vieira , Sarmiento Marisol Parada , Kramer Ton , Sardinha Edson José Souza , Sabei Leandro , Machado Júlia Silvestrini , Vilioti Mirela , Zanella Adroaldo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Lameness affects animal mobility, causing pain and discomfort. Lameness in early stages often goes undetected due to a lack of observation, precision, and reliability. Automated and non-invasive systems offer precision and detection ease and may improve animal welfare. This study was conducted to create a repository of images and videos of sows with different locomotion scores and develop a computer vision model for automatically identifying and tracking specific points on the sow's body to facilitate lameness detection using deep learning. The video database was collected on a pig farm with a scenario built to allow filming of sows in locomotion with different lameness scores. Two stereo cameras were used to record 2D video images. Thirteen locomotion experts assessed the videos using the Locomotion Score System developed by Zinpro Corporation. From this annotated repository, computational models were trained and tested using the open-source deep learning-based animal pose tracking framework SLEAP (Social LEAP Estimates Animal Poses). The top-performing models were constructed using the LEAP architecture to accurately track 6 (lateral view) and 10 (dorsal view) skeleton keypoints. The architecture achieved average precisions values of 0.90 and 0.72, average distances of 6.83 and 11.37, and similarities of 0.94 and 0.86 for the lateral and dorsal views, respectively. These computational models are proposed as a Precision Livestock Farming tool and method for identifying and estimating postures in pigs automatically and objectively. The 2D image repository with different pig locomotion scores can be used as a tool for teaching and research. Based on our skeleton keypoint classification results, an automatic system could be developed. This could contribute to the objective assessment of locomotion scores in sows, improving their welfare.
Suture fixation of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device with hysteroscope for the treatment of adenomyosis in patients at high risk of device expulsion
Authors: Mao Min , Gou Yuan-Qin , Xu Ning , Li Min , Li Meng-Xi , Luo Zhi-Gui , Li Yuan-Hong , Tong Yu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of suture fixation of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) through hysteroscope fortreatment of adenomyosis in patients at high risk of device expulsion.
Methods: 21 patients with adenomyosis were fixed with the LNG-IUD on the uterine wall close to the base of the uterus by hysteroscopy.
Subjects: with adenomyosis who are at high risk of device expulsion.
Results: All 21 patients were successfully fixed with the LNG-IUD on the uterine wall close to the base of the uterus by hysteroscopy. Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart (PBAC) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores showed a significant decrease after 1 and 3 months after surgery compared with the baseline value. Serious IUD complications including expulsion and perforation were not observed.
Conclusion:Suture fixation of the LNG-IUD through hysteroscope is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive surgical procedure to prevent IUD expulsion for the treatment of adenomyosis in patients who are at high risk of device expulsion.
Cost-effectivenees Analysis of the Use of Power Circular Versus Manual Circular Staplers for Left-side Colorectal Anastomosis
Authors: Pla-Martí Vicente , Martín-Arévalo José , Moro-Valdezate David , García-Botello Stephanie , Perez-santiago Leticia , Barrachina-Martínez Isabel , González-de-Julian Silvia , Vivas-Consuelo David , Espí-Macías Alejandro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Colorectal anastomotic leakage causes severe consequences for patients and health care system as it will lead to an increased consumption of hospital resources and costs. Technological improvements in anastomotic devices could reduce the incidence of leakage and its economic impact. The aim of the present study was to asses if the use of the new powered circular stapler is cost-effective.
METHOD
Observational study including patients undergoing left-sided circular stapled colorectal anastomosis between January 2018 and December 2021. Propensity score matching was carried out to create two comparable groups depending on whether the anastomosis was performed using a manual or powered circular device. The rate of anastomotic leakage, its severity and the consumption of hospital resources and its cost were the main outcome measures. A cost-effectiveness analysis comparing the powered circular stapler versus manual circular staplers was realized.
RESULTS
Anastomotic leakage rates were significant different (p=0.012); 22 patients (13.3%) in the manual group (9.1% treated surgically and 4.2% managed conservatively) and 8 patients (4.8%) in the powered group (3.6% treated surgically and 1.8% managed conservatively).
The effectiveness for powered stapler was 98.27%, while the effectiveness of manual stapler was 93.69 %. The average cost per patient in the powered group was €6,238.38, compared with €9,700.12 in the manual group. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was -€74,915.28€ per patient without anastomotic complications.
CONCLUSION
The incremental cost of powered circular staple compared with manual devices was offset by the savings from lowered incidence and cost of management of anastomotic leaks.
Applying taper function models for black locust plantations in Greek post-mining areas
Authors: Wilms Florian , Berendt Ferréol , Bronisz Karol , Bashutska Ulyana , Fotelli Mariangela , Radoglou Kalliopi , Spyroglou Gavriil 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

A key process in forest management planning is the estimation of tree volume and, more specifically, merchantable volume. The ability to predict cumulative stem volume to any upper stem diameter on standing trees or stands is essential for forest inventories and management of forest resources. In the 1980s, the Hellenic Public Power Corporation (HPPC) started the rehabilitation of lignite post-mining areas in Greece by planting mainly black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia, L.). Today, these plantations occupy an area of about 2570 ha, but the stem volume has not yet been estimated. Therefore, we aimed at estimating the over- and under-bark stem volume using taper function models for 30 destructively sampled trees. Of the nineteen calibrated fixed-effects models, Kozak’s (2004) performed best for both the over-bark and under-bark datasets, followed by Lee’s (2003) and Muhairwe’s (1999) equations. The addition of random effects on a single-stem basis for two coefficients of Kozak’s (2004) equation improved the model fit significantly. Two locally calibrated models were cross validated with calibration coefficients from Poland and the United States. Integrated taper functions were found to slightly outperform three tested volume equations for volume predictions of single stems over and under bark. A validation data set for the taper model verified that those models can be used to predict diameter at a specific point along the stem, merchantable volume, and total stem volume of black locust plantations. Finally, it can be said that taper models permit flexible volume estimation for the population average as well for specific trees.
Mendelian Randomization Identifies Two Immune Cell Traits Associated with Lung Cancer
Authors: Xie Lin , Li Juan , Chen Xushan , Xu Mingzhi , Lei Yahan , Xie Jiajia , Tang Xiaona 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Experimental evidence has linked immune cells to lung cancer. It is unclear whether associations for immune cell traits are causal or due to bias. To explore the causal impact of immune cells on lung cancer risk, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Materials and Methods
We analyzed the relationship between immune cell traits and lung cancer using a two-sample MR approach. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for 731 immune cell traits and lung cancer risk were assessed. The immune cell characteristics included four types: absolute cell (AC) counts, median fluorescence intensities (MFIs) of surface antigens, morphological parameters (MP) and relative cell (RC) counts. GWAS associated with lung cancer was extracted from a large-scale association analysis that included 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls. Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) was performed as the primary MR analysis method. Multiple sensitivity analyses are used to evaluate the robustness of the results. Finally, a reverse MR analysis was conducted to assess the possibility of reverse causation.
Results
MR analysis showed that CD14- CD16 + monocyte %monocyte(OR = 0.924; 95%CI,0.889–0.960) and CD4 on naive CD4+(0.922, 0.889–0.956) was associated with overall lung cancer after accounting for multiple testing. There was no statistically significant effect of immunophenotypes for lung cancer subtypes.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that CD14- CD16 + monocyte %monocyte and CD4 on naive CD4 + might protect against lung cancer, and larger-scale genetic data are expected to further validate our findings.
Risk Assessment and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Soil around an Asbestos Mine in an Arid Plateau Region, China
Authors: Li Xuwei , Ding Da , Xie Wenyi , Zhang Ya , Kong Lingya , Li Ming , Li Mei , Deng Shaopo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Asbestos is widely used in construction, manufacturing, and other common industrial fields. Human activities such as mining, processing, and transportation can release heavy metals from asbestos into the surrounding soil environment, posing a health hazard to the mining area's environment and its surrounding residents. In this study, a large asbestos mine and its surrounding soil in China were selected as the research objects. The level of heavy metal pollution in soil and sources were analyzed using methods such as the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (RI), and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. A Monte Carlo simulation-based health risk model was employed to assess the health risks of heavy metals in the study area's soil to human beings. The results showed that the concentrations of As, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni in the soil were 1.74, 0.13, 13.31, 0.33, and 33.37 times higher than the local soil background values, respectively. The Igeo assessment indicated significant accumulation effects for Ni, Cr, and As. The RI evaluation revealed extremely high comprehensive ecological risks (RI ≥ 444) in the vicinity of the waste residue heap and beneficiation area, with Ni exhibiting strong individual potential ecological risk (Eir ≥ 320). The soil health risk assessment demonstrated that As and Cr posed carcinogenic risks to adults, with mean carcinogenic indices (CR) of 1.56E-05 and 4.14E-06, respectively. Ni and Pb were considered negligible in terms of carcinogenic risks to adults. As, Cr, and Cd posed carcinogenic risks to children, with mean CRs of 1.08E-04, 1.61E-05, and 2.68E-06, respectively. Cr also posed certain non-carcinogenic risks to both adults and children. The PMF model identified asbestos contamination as the primary source of heavy metals in the soil surrounding the asbestos mining area, contributing to 79.0%, followed by coal combustion emissions (11.1%) and natural emissions (9.9%). The findings of this study can provide a scientific basis for precise risk control and environmental management of asbestos pollution at mining areas.
Hydrogen production from the methanol decomposition on the Pd(110) surface as catalyst considering the various possible reaction pathways: Theoretical study using DFT-D method
Authors: Hassak Abdellatif , Ghailane Rachida 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The density of state (DOS) analysis was carried out for the two Pd(111) and Pd(100) surfaces previously studied and the Pd(110) surface which is used here to compare their reactivity and argue the choice of Pd( 110) as a catalyst in the present work. The investigation of the dehydrogenation and the adsorption mechanism of methanol on the Pd(110) surface has been performed by self-consistent periodic density functional theory with dispersion correction (DFT-D). Different adsorption sites of the relevant intermediates on the surface have been identified. It was found that CH3OH and CH2OH prefer to adsorb on the top site (t_ Pd), CH2O adsorb via O and C on the top site (t_ Pd), while CH3O, CHOH, CHO, and CO species adsorb on the bridge short site (bs_PdPd), COH and H on the hollow1 site (h1_Pd3). In addition, a complete reaction network comprising four reaction pathways was constructed and analyzed, which indicated that the initial cleavage of the C—H bond of CH3OH appears to be more favorable than the cleavage of the O—H bond on the Pd(110) surface from the point of view of activation barriers. It has been also shown that CH3OH→CH2OH→CH2O→CHO→CO is the most possible dehydrogenation pathway on Pd(110) surface. The remarkable differences in the activity and the predominant reaction pathway on Pd(100) and Pd(110) indicate that the dehydrogenation of methanol is sensitive to the orientation of the crystal planes (h k l).
Clinical Correlates of Cerebellar Injury in Preterm Infants with Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Garg Parvesh Mohan , Pittman Isabella , Taylor Charlotte , Reddy Kartik , varshney Neha , Hillegass William B. , Shetty Avinash , YI Joe , Inder Terrie , Garg Padma 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
Determine the risk factors of cerebellar injury in infants with surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
Methods
Retrospective study compared clinical/pathological information between surgical NEC infants with and those without cerebellar injury.
Results
Infants with cerebellar injury (21/65, 32.3%) had significantly more hemorrhagic and the reparative lesions on the intestinal histopathology, had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) more often, received red cell transfusion frequently, had blood culture positive sepsis and grew gram positive organisms more often and had cholestasis frequently following NEC than those without cerebellar injury. On multilogistic regression, the positive blood culture sepsis (OR 3.9, CI 1.1–13.7, p = 0.03), PDA (OR 4.5, CI 1.0-19.9, p = 0.04) and severe hemorrhage (grade 3–4)(OR 16.9, CI 2.1-135.5, p = 0.007) were independently associated with higher risk of cerebellar injury.
Conclusion
The cerebellar injury was most likely associated with positive blood culture sepsis following NEC, PDA, and severe hemorrhage lesions (grade 3–4) in infants with surgical NEC.
Novel Evolution of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor in Humans compared to Chimpanzees, Gorillas and Orangutans
Authors: Katsu Yoshinao , Zhang Jiawen , Baker Michael E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Five distinct full-length mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) genes have been identified in humans. These human MRs can be distinguished by the presence or absence of an in-frame insertion of 12 base pairs coding for Lys, Cys, Ser, Trp (KCSW) in their DNA-binding domain (DBD) and the presence of two amino acid mutations in their amino terminal domain (NTD). Two human MRs with the KCSW insertion (MR-KCSW) and three human MRs without KCSW in the DBD have been identified. The three human MRs without KCSW contain either (Ile-180, Ala-241) or (Val-180, Val-241) or (Ile-180, Val-241) in their NTD. The two human MRs with KCSW contain either (Val-180, Val-241) or (Ile-180, Val-241) in their NTD. Human MR-KCSW with (Ile-180, Ala-241) has not been cloned. In contrast, chimpanzees contain two MRs with KCSW and two MRs without KCSW in their DBD and both contain only Ile180, Val-241 in their NTDs. Each pair of chimpanzee MRs differ at another amino acid in the NTD. A chimpanzee MR with either Val-180, Val-241 or Ile-180, Ala-241 in the NTD has not been cloned. Gorillas and orangutans each contain one MR with KCSW in the DBD and one MR without KCSW. Both gorilla and orangutan MRs contain I-180, Val-241 in their NTD. Neither Val-180, Val-241 nor Ile-180, Ala-241 are found in the NTD in either a gorilla MR or an orangutan MR. These data suggest that human MRs with Val-180, Val-241 or Ile-180, Ala-241 in the NTD evolved after humans and chimpanzees diverged from their common ancestor. These unique human MRs may have had a role in the divergent evolution of humans from chimpanzees. Studies are underway to characterize transcriptional activation of the five human MRs by aldosterone, cortisol, and other corticosteroids for comparison with each other to elucidate the roles of these MRs in human physiology.
Development of an Automatic PV-Battery-Powered Water Irrigation System Incorporated with Arduino Software for Agricultural Activities
Authors: Manfo Theodore Azemtsop , Şahin Mustafa Ergin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study proposes a water irrigation-based solar-powered system to enhance the convenience and savings of electricity consumption from electricity generation facilities. In addition to saving the electricity to be used in the system, the aim of consuming the required amount of water depleted in the world is kept in the foreground. The study's usage areas are homegrown plants, greenhouse gardens, and in general used in many parts. The work is primarily dependent on water and solar energy. The electricity produced by solar energy enables the design elements to work. The desired electricity will be obtained from solar energy for the operation of elements such as sensors and water motors. With various programming, in which positions the sensor will work, the operating time of the engine, and the conditions necessary for its operation are prepared from the Arduino platform. The water tank provides the water needed by the plant. When the plant needs water with the response of the sensor, the water motor transfers the water to the plant as much as necessary through the pipes. The water in the tank is filled with the solenoid valve connected to the water mains. This system uses an Arduino UNO board, which contains an ATmega328 microprocessor. It is set up in such a way that it detects the moisture level of the plants and supplies water as needed. This type of system is frequently used for general plant maintenance in small and big gardens.
Sensitivity analysis of estimated evapotranspiration using soil moisture content, energy balance model of SEBAL algorithm
Authors: Dai Yunzhong , Chen Kuan-yu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Evapotranspiration is the main factor of plant growth, which can be estimated using different methods. Accurate estimation of evaporation and transpiration helps in planning to meet the actual needs of the plant. In general, daily evapotranspiration depends on temperature, climate, soil moisture, plant, growth period, root length, and the texture of the root zone porous media. In this study, the moisture balance of the soil surface is simulated daily and the components of deep percolation, evaporation, irrigation, and transpiration are calculated. The obtained results have been compared with the output of the surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL) algorithm to determine the energy balance on the earth's surface and to estimate evapotranspiration. Normalized objective function (NOF), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency index, and mean absolute error were incorporated into the problem for evaluating the predicted values. The energy balance of the soil surface and the moisture balance of the root zone each have a different process in estimating the actual evaporation and transpiration, but the correlation between them was acceptable. The interval between the calculated values can be used as input data to determine the irrigation requirement.
Evaluating the Clinical Use and Utility of a Digital Support App for Employees With Chronic Pain Returning to Work (SWEPPE): Observational Study
Authors: Turesson Christina , Liedberg Gunilla , Björk Mathilda 
Published: December 2023

Background
The digital app SWEPPE (sustainable worker, a digital support for persons with chronic pain and their employers) was developed to improve the support of people with chronic pain in their return-to-work process after sick leave and includes functions such as the action plan, daily self-rating, self-monitoring graphs, the coach, the library, and shared information with the employer.

Objective
This study aims to describe the use of the smartphone app SWEPPE among people with chronic pain who have participated in an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation program.

Methods
This is a case study including 16 people participating in a feasibility study. The analyses were based on user data collected for 3 months. Quantitative data regarding used functions were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and qualitative data of identified needs of support from the employer were grouped into 8 categories.

Results
Self-monitoring was used by all participants (median 26, IQR 8-87 daily registrations). A total of 11 (N=16, 69%) participants set a work-related goal and performed weekly evaluations of goal fulfillment and ratings of their work ability. In total, 9 (56%) participants shared information with their employer and 2 contacted the coach. A total of 15 (94%) participants identified a total of 51 support interventions from their employer. Support to adapt to work assignments and support to adapt to work posture were the 2 biggest categories. The most common type of support identified by 53% (8/15) of the participants was the opportunity to take breaks and short rests.

Conclusions
Participants used multiple SWEPPE functions, such as daily self-registration, goal setting, self-monitoring, and employer support identification. This shows the flexible nature of SWEPPE, enabling individuals to select functions that align with their needs. Additional research is required to investigate the extended use of SWEPPE and how employers use shared employee information.
Daya Guna Pethidin 0,1 Mg/Kgbb dan 0,2 Mg/Kgbb Intrathekal sebagai Adjuvant Bupivakain 0,5% 10 Mg dalam Mencegah Shivering pada Sectio Cesaria
Authors: Nur Hesti Kusumasari  , IG Ngurah Rai Artika  , Djajanti Sari  
Published: December 2023

Pendahuluan. Shivering akibat anestesi spinal merupakan kejadian yang sering dijumpai dan dapat memberikan dampak yang kurang baik bagi pasien. Berbagai macam obat telah dihunakan untuk mencegah dan memberikan terapi shivering. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan daya guna pemberian pethidin 0,1 mg/kg dan 0,2 mg/kg intrathekal dalam mencegah shivering setelah
anestesi spinal pada operasi seksio sesaria.
Metode dan Penelitian. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) dengan pembutaan ganda. Subyek penelitian dilakukan pada 196 wanita hamil, usia 18-40 tahun, status fisik ASA I dan II, umur kehamilan 37-42 mg, berat badan 40-70 kg (indeks masa tubuh < 30 kg/m2), tinggi badan > 145 cm yang menjalani operasi seksio sesaria dengan anestesi spinal, yang dibagi dalam 2 kelompok. Dilakukan anestesi spinal menggunakan bupivakain hiperbarik (0,5% 10mg), pethidin 0,1 mg/kg pada kelompok A, dan pethidin 0,2 mg/kg pada kelompok B dalam volume yang sama yakni 2,5 ml.
Hasil. Data demografi, suhu ruang operasi, ketinggian blok, dan lama operasi secara umum tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kedua kelompok (p>0,05), kecuali pada tinggi badan dan tekanan sistolik (p<0,05). Kejadian shivering pada kelompok A dibanding kelompok B didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna (35,71%) vs 22,44%; p<0,05). Kejadian efek samping mual muntah pada kelompok A lebih kecil dibandingkan kelompok B (8,33% vs 22,45%) (p<0,05).
Kesimpulan. Tidak didapatkan efek samping depresi pernapasan dan pruritus dalam penelitian ini.