bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective language difficulties are associated with tau and objective verbal memory in older women with increased AD risk
Authors: Lui Kitty K , Wang Xin , Dratva Melanie A , Heyworth Nadine , Shepherd Alyx L , Bernier Rachel A , Danish Madina , Ahmadi Nargis , Galasko Douglas R. , Sundermann Erin E. , Banks Sarah J 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly cognitive changes in preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) include memory problems and language difficulties. Subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) are an AD risk factor and are associated with AD pathologies. Women have higher tau levels over men, despite demonstrating a life‐long “verbal memory advantage.” Therefore, SCC may be a stronger indicator of early tau accumulation than objective cognitive changes. Here, we examined the relationships among tau, subjective cognitive function, and objective cognitive function in older women at higher AD risk.Method16 older women (age: 72.3±3.1years) participated in Women Inflammation and Tau Study (WITS). The inclusion criteria are: 65+ years old, AD polygenic hazard score >50th percentile, and a telephone Montreal Cognitive Assessment score suggestive of mild cognitive impairment (MCI; range 16‐20). Tau was measured with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ptau181 and 18F‐MK6240 positron emission tomography (PET) with standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) calculated in Braak1, correlating with MCI stage. Objective memory and language performance were assessed with the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT; immediate and delayed recall) and the Multilingual Naming Test (MINT), respectively. Subjective cognition was measured approximately one year later with the self‐reported Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog) memory and language subscales (higher score indicate more complaints). Spearman partial correlations analyzed the associations among tau, objective cognition, and subjective cognition while controlling for age.ResultGreater CSF ptau181 was significantly associated with higher ECog‐Language (rho = 0.62, p = 0.02), higher ECog‐Memory (rho = 0.53, p = 0.51), and lower RAVLT immediate recall (rho = ‐0.54, p = 0.046; Figure 1). More tau in Braak1 was associated with lower RAVLT immediate recall (rho = ‐0.58, p = 0.03) and higher ECog‐Language (rho = 0.45, p = 0.09), but not ECog‐Memory (p = 0.26; Figure 2). Higher ECog‐Language was significantly associated with lower RAVLT immediate (rho = ‐0.59, p = 0.02) and delayed recall (rho = ‐0.69, p<0.01; Figure 3). MINT correct responses were not related to tau and ECog (p’s>0.28).ConclusionOur preliminary results suggest that, in older women with elevated AD risk, language concerns with memory features (e.g., word finding and forgetting object names) may track with early increases in CSF ptau181 and entorhinal cortex tau‐PET. Self‐reported language decline may be predictive of tau accumulation and worsening objective verbal memory, which could be clinically important for older women.
Prevalence mild cognitive impairment in mexican older adults in a third‐level hospital
Authors: Ruiz‐Castillo Karla Paulina , Chable Adiel Eleazar Dzul , Cuautle Karina Arellano , Silva Itzel Alejandra Hernandez , Reyes Brandon Alexis Reyes 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a common condition among older adults that refers to cognitive deficits that are not derived from daily activities, this condition that can progress to dementia, therefore it deserves special attention since it is prevalent in populations of older adults and It can coexist with geriatric syndromes. we evaluated the epidemiological characteristics in an older population with mild cognitive impairment.MethodA descriptive and cross‐sectional study was carried out, evaluating adults 60 years of age or older, from a dementia clinic at a tertiary level hospital in Mexico. The analytical sample consisted of 700 older adults, from whom patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment were selected, using the Petersen criteria. Epidemiological variables were considered, as well as gait disturbance, geriatric syndromes, among others.ResultThe study found that of the total population of 700 patients, 275 participants were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, indicating an estimated overall prevalence of 39.42%. Among those with MCI, 54.1% were in the a‐MCI‐s subtype, 22.5% in the a‐MCI‐md subtype, 18.18% in the na‐MCI‐md subtype, and 5 .09% in the na‐MCI‐s subtype. The prevalence of MCI was higher in women (59.6%) and between 60 and 70 years (55.6%). 46.7% had basic education (<6 years), of which 27.2% belonged to the a‐MCI‐s subtype. in patients with MCI, 28% presented depression, 48.3% gait disturbances. Pre‐frailty was present in 40% of patients. Sensory deprivation was found in 88.3% and polypharmacy in 49.1%. The marital status was predominantly married (61.8%) and 32.3% worked and in terms of comorbidities, a relationship with arterial hypertension (61%) was observed.ConclusionThis study suggests that mild cognitive impairment is common among the elderly population, especially women and people in their 60s and 70s. The a‐MCI‐s subtype was the most common. Mild cognitive impairment was also associated with various comorbidities and geriatric syndromes, including gait disorders, depression, pre‐frailty, sensory deprivation, polypharmacy, and association with arterial hypertension. These findings highlight the importance of identifying and managing mild cognitive impairment and its associated syndromes.
The Roles of Daily Stressor Control and Social Determinants of Health in Executive Function and Episodic Memory Performance
Authors: Cerino Eric S. , McCarthy Michael J. , Horowitz Chloe S. , Almeida David M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundStudying modifiable psychosocial contributors to Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) is crucial to inform approaches for ADRD prevention, especially among those with less education, lower neighborhood quality, and heightened discrimination. These three social determinants of health confer increased ADRD risk. Perceived control is an important psychosocial resource for cognitive health. Most prior work, however, focuses exclusively on global aspects of control, ignoring influences of more dynamic aspects of control over specific experiences in daily life, such as daily stressor control.MethodWe used data from the Midlife in the United States study and the National Study of Daily Experiences (N = 1,651, Mage = 62.09, SE = 12.11, 56.65% Female) to address this gap and examine the roles of daily stressor control and social determinants of health in cognitive performance. Over 8 consecutive days in the second and third waves of data collection, respondents reported their perceived control over stressors they had experienced. Respondents also completed assessments of education, neighborhood quality, perceived discrimination, and a telephone‐based battery of tests measuring executive function (EF) and episodic memory (EM). We employed multilevel modeling to assess associations of daily stressor control and social determinants of health with cognitive performance.ResultEF was higher among people with more education and those with less perceived discrimination (ps<.001), but was not related to daily stressor control (p>.05). Greater daily stressor control, more education, and better neighborhood quality was related to better EM (ps<.05). A stressor control by discrimination interaction showed that greater stressor control was associated with better EM among those with comparatively less perceived discrimination (p<.01).ConclusionDaily stressor control may serve as a psychosocial resource for cognitive health, but the strength of its relationship with cognitive performance varied by perceived discrimination. Promoting stressor control may be beneficial for cognitive health among those with comparatively less perceived discrimination, but more research is needed to clarify psychosocial resources that could buffer against the impacts of heightened discrimination on cognitive health disparities in the US. Future work should examine longitudinal relationships to clarify the predictive utility of stressor control for cognitive health and the daily mechanisms that may explain these associations.
Relationship between Arterial Transit Time and Framingham Risk Score in the U.S. POINTER lifestyle intervention trial
Authors: Jung Youngkyoo , Hong Sarah Y. , Kim Donghoon , Vemuri Prashanthi , Borowski Bret J. , Jack Clifford R. , Koeppe Robert , Lockhart Samuel N. , Harrison Theresa M. , Gordineer Leslie , Woolard Nancy , Espeland Mark A. , Harvey Danielle J. , Lovato Laura , Toga Arthur W. , Masdeu Joseph C. , Oh Hwamee , Gitelman Darren R. , Aggarwal Neelum T. , Carrillo Maria C. , Snyder Heather M , Whitmer Rachel A. , Baker Laura D , Decarli Charles , Landau Susan M. ,   U.S. POINTER Study Group
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe U.S. Study to Protect Brain Health Through Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Risk (U.S. POINTER) is a two‐year randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the effects of lifestyle interventions on older adults aged 60‐79 years. The POINTER Imaging ancillary study employs arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with two inversion times, enabling the mapping of arterial transit time (ATT) and the investigation of its relationship with dementia risk factors. This study examines the effect of the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) on ATT, which provides hemodynamic information on the cerebral vasculature.MethodA subset of POINTER Imaging participants (n = 134; F/M = 81/53; age = 68.1±5.1; FRS = 11.3±10.4) from two imaging sites underwent two ASL MRI scans during the baseline session. Two 3D Pulsed ASL scans were obtained with TI1 of 790ms and TI2 values of 2000ms or 2750ms, providing delay times (between labeling and imaging) of 1210ms or 1960ms. ATT, the time required for blood to travel from the neck to the tissue, was estimated in the range of 1210ms and 1960ms using a kinetic model (Figure 1). ATT maps were normalized to a standard space, and a voxel‐wise linear regression (ATT∼age+sex+log(FRS)) was performed on ATT maps in gray matter to assess the effect of FRS on ATT. To control false positives, clusters smaller than 1.4ml were removed based on a simulation with α = 0.05.ResultFigure 2 depicts three clusters found in the occipital, precuneus and frontal gray matter regions, all of which demonstrate a positive relationship between ATT and log(FRS). Participants with higher FRS exhibit prolonged mean ATT values in the clusters as shown in Figure 3. After stratifying into sex groups, both groups show the same direction.ConclusionAlthough the detectable range of ATT with two ASL scans was limited, the analysis suggests that an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, as quantified by the Framingham Risk Score, can serve as an indicator of potential cerebrovascular disease leading to prolonged ATT, which is associated with arterial stiffness, and vascular resistance. The clusters demonstrating the association between FRS and ATT are the brain regions that may have heightened vulnerability to vascular risk factors, according to previous studies.
Cellular dynamics across aged human brains uncover a multicellular cascade leading to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Green Gilad Sahar , Yang Hyun‐Sik , Fujita Masashi , Taga Mariko , Regev Aviv , Menon Vilas , Bennett David A. A , Habib Naomi , De Jager Philip L 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have revealed diverse Alzheimer’s disease (AD)‐associated brain cell states, yet when and how they impact the causal chain leading to AD remains unknown. To reconstruct the dynamics of the brain’s cellular environment along the disease cascade and to distinguish between AD and aging effects, we built a comprehensive cell atlas of the aged prefrontal cortex from 1.64 million single‐nucleus RNA‐seq profiles.MethodWe associated glial, vascular and neuronal subpopulations with AD‐related traits for 424 aging individuals, and aligned them along the disease cascade using causal modeling. Further, to model the coordinated dynamics of the entire cellular environment we devised the BEYOND methodology which uncovered two distinct trajectories of brain aging that are defined by distinct sequences of changes in cellular communities.ResultWe identified two distinct lipid‐associated microglial subpopulations, one contributed to amyloid‐β proteinopathy while the other mediated the effect of amyloid‐β in accelerating tau proteinopathy, as well as an astrocyte subpopulation that mediated the effect of tau on cognitive decline. The BEYOND method uncovered two possible trajectories of brain aging, each associated with progressive changes in specific cellular communities that end with: (1) AD dementia or (2) alternative brain aging.ConclusionWe provide a cellular foundation for a new perspective of AD pathophysiology that could inform the development of new therapeutic interventions targeting cellular communities, while designing a different clinical management for those individuals on the path to AD or to alternative brain aging.
Alzheimer Plasma Biomarkers Distinguish SuperAgers from their Cognitively Average Peers
Authors: Macomber Alyssa J , Gefen Tamar , Ayala Ivan , Weintraub Sandra , Mesulam Marsel , Rogalski Emily J , Geula Changiz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSuperAgers are individuals ≥80 years old who were selected for having episodic memory performance that is at least as good as individuals 20‐30 years their junior. We have previously shown that on average SuperAgers show lower neurofibrillary tangle density in the entorhinal cortex than cognitively average controls, which may be one biological factor contributing to superior memory beyond the 8th decade. This preliminary study investigated whether plasma concentrations of Alzheimer and related neurodegenerative biomarkers differ between SuperAgers and their cognitively average peers.MethodSuperAgers (N = 61) and Cognitively Average Controls (N = 28) were enrolled through the SuperAging Research Program. The plasma biomarkers amyloid β peptide 40 (Aβ40), amyloid β peptide 42 (Aβ42), neurofilament light (NFL), phosphorylated tau‐181 (pTau‐181), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured in SuperAgers and Cognitively Average participants using the Quanterix single molecule protein detection (SIMOA) platform. Independent samples t‐tests were used for statistical analyses (significance was set at p<0.05, uncorrected).ResultThere were no significant differences in mean age between SuperAgers and Cognitively Average Controls. Concentrations of Aβ42, Aβ40, the ratio of Aβ42/Aβ40, NFL or GFAP did not significantly differ between groups. On average, SuperAgers and Controls showed pTau‐181 levels that were <16.5 pg/mL, falling within the “Unlikely Alzheimer’s” designation according to Quanterix guidelines. SuperAgers showed significantly lower pTau‐181 levels compared to Cognitively Average Controls [M = 5.42 pg/mL (SD = 2.60) vs M = 7.10 pg/mL (SD = 3.14), respectively].ConclusionPlasma phosphotau biomarkers are promising for the assessment of brain integrity versus degeneration across the age‐Alzheimer continuum. The current results provide preliminary support for the contention that the SuperAger brain may be even more removed from the Alzheimer side of the continuum than neurotypical controls.Emily Rogalski and Changiz Geula contributed equally to this study.
Social determinants of health in Colombian patients with Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Buitrago Carlos Felipe , Garcia Deissy Milena , Giraldo Claudia Irene , Triviño Cristian , Forero Laura Valentina , Moreno Maria Jose , Reyes Pablo A , Matallana Diana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are a series of social, economic, political, and cultural determinants that may impact the course of dementia. Previous studies have found that structural determinants are particularly important as they establish a set of hierarchies derived from socio‐economic position that determine institutional responses in both health and social services, which affect the health outcomes of everyone.MethodThis presentation aims to characterize the socio‐economic factors in a sample of 70 Colombian individuals with dementia (35 with Alzheimer’s Disease and 35 with Frontotemporal Dementia) who participated in the RedLat project. Cluster analysis is proposed for a set of variables that are linked to the socio‐economic determinants of health that are queried from each participant in the framework of the RedLat project, and relates them to the disease progression time, severity, and impact on each person’s functionality.ResultOverall, it is found that the socio‐economic factors of each individual impact the course of the disease.ConclusionThese findings justify the need to implement public health programs that address the needs of and improve the living conditions of older adults.References:Buitrago, A. F. S., Perdomo, D. C., & Bogota, M. A. M. (2022). Asociación entre el deterioro cognitivo y factores socioeconómicos y sociodemográficos en adultos mayores colombianos. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría.Duran‐Aniotz, C., Sanhueza, J., Grinberg, L. T., Slachevsky, A., Valcour, V., Robertson, I., … & Ibáñez, A. (2022). The Latin American Brain Health Institute, a regional initiative to reduce the scale and impact of dementia.Hersi, M., Irvine, B., Gupta, P., Gomes, J., Birkett, N., & Krewski, D. (2017). Risk factors associated with the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review of the evidence. Neurotoxicology, 61, 143‐187.Parra, M. A., Baez, S., Sedeño, L., Gonzalez Campo, C., Santamaría‐García, H., Aprahamian, I., … & Ibanez, A. (2021). Dementia in Latin America: paving the way toward a regional action plan. Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 17(2), 295‐313.
Comparison between verbal and visual working memory in subjects with frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer’s participating in the Redlat study
Authors: Forero Laura Valentina , Garcia Deissy Milena , Moreno Maria Jose , Buitrago Carlos Felipe , Triviño Cristian , Rivera Carlos , Reyes Pablo A , Matallana Diana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlterations in working memory have been reported in people with Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal degeneration, and have been associated with executive impairment related to the frontal areas of the brain.MethodThe objective of this work is to compare the capacity of verbal and visual working memory in a sample of 70 Colombian people with dementia (32 with Alzheimer’s Dementia and 30 with Frontotemporal Dementia and 22 healthy controls) participating in the RedLat study. For this, the performance in a digit retention task and the Short Term Memory Binding Test (STMB) are studied.ResultIn general, there is a decrease in the performance of the two groups of patients (AD and FTD). Also AD patients shows worst performance at visual working memory tasks. Results shows differences between dementia groups and controls, but not between AD and FTD.ConclusionThis converges with what has been reported about the dissociation between verbal and visual working memory, and could suggest alternative strategies for the recall of immediate information. Additionally, both low performances are explained by differents reasons in each neurodegenerative disorder.References:Stopford, C. L., Thompson, J. C., Neary, D., Richardson, A. M., & Snowden, J. S. (2012). Working memory, attention, and executive function in Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. Cortex, 48(4), 429‐446.Giovannetti, T., Lamar, M., Cloud, B. S., Swenson, R., Fein, D., Kaplan, E., & Libon, D. J. (2001). Different underlying mechanisms for deficits in concept formation in dementia. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 16(6), 547‐560.Della Sala, S., Parra, M. A., Fabi, K., Luzzi, S., & Abrahams, S. (2012). Short‐term memory binding is impaired in AD but not in non‐AD dementias. Neuropsychologia, 50(5), 833‐840.
Evaluation of cognitive profile through Q‐RUDAS: first approach in Quechua Participants
Authors: Zegarra‐Valdivia Jonathan Adrian , Quispe Ruth Diana Mamani , Turpo Jose Chinoapaza , Chino‐Vilca Brenda Nadia , Manrique Carmen Paredes , Malaga Marco , Choquenaira Enrique , Velasquez‐Rimachi Victor , Rodriguez‐Calienes Aaron , Alva‐Díaz Carlos , Benito Oscar Mamani , Montesinos Rosa , Custodio Nilton 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) has proven to be one ofthe best instruments of cognitive function evaluation in illiterate and low‐educated participants; it is easyto adapt in different countries, languages, and cultures, showing good validation properties. In Peru, weare working to bring this instrument to Quechua speakers. The present study aimed to obtain the firstapproach to cognitive prevalence in elderly individuals in their native language.MethodsAfter an initial pilot study (Malaga in preparation), we use the culturally and language‐adapted Q‐RUDAS in the Peruvian Quechua population of the Puno region (n = 511), with a mean age of65.04 ± 6.73 means (ranging from 59 to 92 years), 80.4% of the sample were females. We obtain socio‐demographic data (educational level, occupation, and precedence residence area) and the Q‐RUDASscores. Additionally, we asked the patients open‐ended questions about the test adaptation. Weexcluded patients with antecedents of pathologies that may interfere with the performance of the test. Verbal and signed consent were obtained. We use the previous RUDAS cut‐off from Peruvian validationstudies to have an initial approach to cognitive prevalence.ResultsWe include 502 participants without relevant medical history. Participants understood all Q‐RUDAS items but reported difficulties with visuospatial construction (more than 50% could not draw thecube, more than 25% failed to draw some parts, and around 20% drew it accordingly). The mean scoreof Q‐RUDAS was 26.01 ± 2.71. We found that 448 participants have standard scores (26.67 ± 1.92), 46MCI (21.49 ± 1.92), and 11 participants that meet scores of dementia (17.00 ± 2.71). Besides, differences were found in the total score regarding the precedence area of participants, with Urban´shaving an increased score.ConclusionThe previously adapted RUDAS test to Quechua (Q‐RUDAS) in Peru was well understoodamong native patients. This culturally sensitive tool is essential for diagnosing dementia in indigenouspopulations, but more studies are needed, such as cross‐validation studies. An initial approach of theprevalence of MCI and dementia is around 10.8% in the native population.