bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-blocking TIGIT and PVRIG Using a Novel Bispecific Antibody Enhances Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Lin Yuan , Lin Kan , Fu Qiang , Sun Xing , Wang Huan , Su Lu , Xu Yanhui , Liao Cheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) and poliovirus receptor–related immunoglobulin domain (PVRIG) are immune checkpoints co-expressed on activated T and NK cells, contributing to tumor immune evasion. Simultaneous blockade of these pathways may enhance therapeutic efficacy, positioning them as promising dual targets for cancer immunotherapy. This study aimed to develop a bispecific antibody (BsAb) to co-target TIGIT and PVRIG. Expression of TIGIT and PVRIG was assessed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from patients with various cancers, including non–small cell lung cancer (n = 63) and colorectal cancer (n = 26). The BsAb was engineered by fusing anti-PVRIG nanobodies to the N terminus of anti-TIGIT antibodies. Functional characterization of the BsAb was performed in vitro and in vivo, including assessments of T- and NK-cell activation and cytotoxicity. Pharmacokinetics and safety profiles were evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Student t test. The results showed that the BsAb effectively blocked TIGIT and PVRIG from binding their respective ligands, CD155 and CD112, leading to significant increases in T-cell activation (2.8-fold; P &lt; 0.05) and NK-cell cytotoxicity (1.8-fold; P &lt; 0.05). In vivo, the BsAb demonstrated potent antitumor activity, both as a monotherapy and in combination with anti–PD-1 or anti–PD-L1, in humanized peripheral blood mononuclear cell–reconstituted and transgenic mouse models. Pharmacokinetic studies in cynomolgus monkeys revealed a favorable profile, with no dose-limiting toxicities observed after four repeated doses of 200 mg/kg. These findings provide compelling preclinical evidence for the therapeutic potential of targeting the TIGIT–PVRIG axis with a BsAb. This approach shows promise for enhancing antitumor immunity and warrants further investigation in clinical trials.
Uma fábula fotográfica: “As Aventuras de Guille e Belinda” e a passagem afetiva do tempo
Authors: Silva Milena de Oliveira 
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo busca ampliar as possíveis discussões acerca da série de fotografias artísticas intitulada “As Aventuras de Guille e Belinda”, da fotógrafa Alessandra Sanguinetti, principalmente no tocante a uma análise do tempo que essas imagens transmitem, sendo ele marcado por relações afetivas. As reflexões aqui levantadas buscam pensar na construção do tempo através das imagens realizadas por Sanguinetti e como esse tempo também acaba criando uma composição análoga a um “álbum de família”, utilizando como referência o autor Eugênio Bucci e algumas teorias sobre fotografia e antropologia.
Can Minor Powers Swing between Major Powers under a Competitive International System?
Authors: Hosoi Tomohiro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Can minor global South powers benefit from the current competitive world order? Conventional research posits that minor powers can swing between major power rivals and benefit from both. However, this study asserts that minor powers may rely on major ones within an asymmetric alliance. Drawing on French and English news media, the study analyses the case of the Central African Republic (CAR), which shows a typical pattern of Russian involvement in the global South. The paper reveals two findings. First, at the beginning of the Touadéra Administration in 2016, CAR turned to Russia because of a lack of viable alternatives for support. Second, although it has helped Touadéra to consolidate an authoritarian regime in CAR, Russia impedes CAR’s efforts to diversify its diplomatic relationships. Therefore, the article finds that it is difficult for minor powers to swing between major powers.
Sturm’s Mechanist Account of Plant Life
Authors: Henkel Christian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this article, I investigate Johann Christoph Sturm’s (1635–1703) mechanist account of plant life. The problem of life is one of the touchstones of any early modern mechanist philosophy. Plant life, in turn, constitutes the most rudimentary form of life. Sturm’s account is functionalist: plants perform the life-function: nutrition, growth, self-preservation, and generation. Sturm makes clear that what his Aristotelian predecessors called the ‘vegetative soul’ must be reduced to (1) the possession of an organic body (i.e., a higher-order structure of matter and its modifications) and (2) the extrinsic kinetic heat of the sun. In contrast to mechanists like Descartes, Sturm accepts teleology. He deals with the origin and transfer of motion on occasionalist grounds. For Sturm, all processes associated with the life of plants can be accounted for mechanically—all but the ultimate origin of the first plant’s seed, for which Sturm relies on the theory of pre-existence.
A Connectivity Perspective on Water and Sediment Flow in the Gumara and Rib Catchments, Ethiopia
Authors: Astuti Anik Juli Dwi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Land degradation, driven by human activities and climate change, remains a significant global issue, particularly in upland areas prone to soil erosion. This study focuses on the Gumara and Rib catchments in Ethiopia, aiming to enhance the assessment of water and sediment connectivity through a novel weight factor in the modified index of connectivity (mic). The study evaluates connectivity at both annual and monthly scales and identifies potential sediment sources. By integrating remote sensing and gis techniques with connectivity indices, the research reveals strong correlations between sediment yield and mic values, highlighting the impact on connectivity processes of rainfall, land cover, slope and soil erodibility. The findings underscore the utility of connectivity indices as a tool for monitoring sediment transport, particularly in regions with limited spatial data, and emphasise the importance of considering connectivity in erosion management strategies.
Narrowing Spaces of Reasons
Authors: Lehtinen Mattias 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article explores the dynamics of polarization by examining the relationship between political imaginaries and the use of political rationality in polarized contexts. Scholars widely acknowledge that polarization hinders public reasoning. The article theorizes that one cause is the interplay between political rationality and the underlying political imaginaries that shape public reasoning. On the one hand, the political imaginary is understood as providing actors in society with a shared space of reasons in which to exercise public reason. On the other hand, political rationality is conceptualized as the discursive practice of legitimizing the political imaginary which enables the exercise of political reasoning. Polarization can be linked to the narrowing of these spaces of reasons, which makes the use of political rationality between different political imaginaries harder. This is exemplified by examining the political imaginary of authoritarian neoliberalism as constituting such a narrow space of reasons, contributing to further polarization.
A Backbone Architecture for Government Observing Systems
Authors: Gail William B. , Gayl Ilse , Zeng Xubin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)’s recent effort to explore commercial satellite data as alternative sources to data from dedicated NOAA satellites has raised important questions. Can these data replace all or portions of NOAA data? Can that be done at lower cost, with acceptable performance and risk? Under what circumstances should NOAA maintain its own “backbone” systems even when acceptable nongovernment sources for those data are available, and what characteristics should those backbone systems have? This paper provides a framework for answering those questions. That framework defines criteria for when a backbone element is needed for any observational data and how those criteria should be evaluated to decide. The article focuses on NOAA’s spaceborne observing capability but also generalizes the approach to other NOAA observing systems such as ground-based radars and to other organizations with comparable needs.
Marine Atmospheric Ducting Statistics Based on 2 Years of Coastal Surveillance Radar Observations
Authors: Rautiainen Laura , Lensu Mikko , Vakkari Ville , Tyynelä Jani , Kanarik Hedi , Laakso Lauri 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Atmospheric ducting can cause a radar to detect over its standard horizon. Two years of X-band coastal surveillance radar imagery from the island of Utö in the Baltic Sea was processed and analyzed to study the statistics of visibility over the standard horizon of the radar. The results were compared to the modified refractivity profiles and weather observations measured at Utö. In total, 275 ducting events were observed with the Utö coastal surveillance radar and the median duration of an event was 4 h. Over-the-horizon observation statistics from the Utö coastal surveillance radar show that ducting occurs most frequently during spring (MAM) and summer (JJA) months, 37% and 42% of the time, respectively. A peak is observed in the evening toward the night during both seasons. Ducting was significantly less frequent during the autumn (SON) and winter (DJF) months, 1% and 2% of the time, respectively. The corresponding frequencies from the modified refractivity profiles were 31% for spring, 56% for summer, 40% for autumn, and 16% for winter months. During the winter and autumn months, a shallow surface duct was often present in the profiles. The presence of this weak duct did not always result in over-the-horizon observations with the Utö coastal surveillance radar but could affect surveillance radars that are closer to the sea surface or radar systems operating at a different frequency to that of the Utö X-band radar.

Significance Statement
In our article, we explore how an X-band coastal surveillance radar can be used to study atmospheric ducting, a phenomenon where radar signals can travel farther than usual. This is important for understanding how radars work in different weather conditions and how often the conditions occur that allow radars to see farther. Our study takes place on Utö, an island at the southern edge of the Archipelago Sea in the Baltic Sea. This location allows us to study ducting over both open sea and complex island environments. To our knowledge, this study presents long-term ducting statistics for the first time based on an X-band coastal surveillance radar.
Surgical outcomes of subclavian steal syndrome combined with carotid artery stenosis: A single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Huanggu Haotian , Gu Guangchao , Li Fangda , Zeng Rong , Shao Jiang , Song Xiaojun , Liu Zhili , Zheng Yuehong 
Published: January 2025

Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of carotid artery (CA) stenosis among subclavian steal syndrome (SSS) patients and to record their prognoses. Methods This observational study was retrospective. From January 2015 to October 2022, 169 patients were diagnosed with SSS. Among them, 51 combined with CA stenosis have surgical indications for both diseases. In this cohort, 24 were treated for subclavian artery (23 endovascular, 1 open), 12 for CA (6 endovascular, 6 open), and 5 for both (1 endovascular, 1 open, 3 hybrid). The primary end point was mortality, and the secondary end points were vessel re-stenosis and other complications. Patients were followed up through outpatient, online, or telephone. Results Compared with simple SSS, patients who suffered from both were older (60.51 ± 9.304 versus 66.69 ± 7.921, P < 0.001) and more males (57.6% versus 86.3%, P < .001). Besides, they presented a higher prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia ( P = .015), diabetes mellitus ( P = .036), and CVA/TIA ( P = .036). No patient died within 30 days after surgery; four complications occurred (1 stroke, 1 hearing loss, 1 TIA, 1 infection). During a median follow-up of 37.6 months, two patients died without relation to the operation, three appeared in-stent restenosis, and one developed contrast nephropathy. Discussion This study observed and analyzed different intervention methods and their prognosis in SSS combined with CA stenosis patients, and due to the limited number of participants, more data support would be needed. Conclusions The management of SSS patients combined with CA stenosis is more challenging compared to simple SSS. Our research demonstrated different surgical methods and their prognosis.
Accidental Autoerotic Deaths and Mental Disorder: A Scoping Review
Authors: Basera Devendra Singh , Sahoo Niranjan , Sutar Roshan , Agrawal Amit 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of the Review: Accidental autoerotic death, more commonly known as “autoerotic asphyxia,” is an extreme paraphilic behavior wherein individuals induce cerebral hypoxia during self-stimulated sexual activities, often by constricting the neck or obstructing respiratory passages. Data on accidental deaths caused by autoerotic play is very low because of the non-disclosure of the mode/circumstances of death or non-paralleled forensic systems in many countries. There is a high likelihood of coexisting mental disorders with such behavior. This review identifies the association of any comorbid mental disorder with accidental autoerotic deaths. Collection and Analysis of Data: On August 23, 2023, a systematic literature search was carried out through Cochrane, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SCOPUS, and studies identified in the English language were screened using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guideline. Eighteen studies identified specific mental disorders with autoerotic deaths, including paraphilia, vaginismus, gender dysphoria, multiplex paraphilia, alcohol dependence, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, and substance use disorder. Inhalant use like chloroform, toluene, and xylene was implicated during autoerotic fantasies. Conclusions: Prospective clinical screening and comprehensive multicentric psychological autopsy studies are needed to clarify the prevalence of accidental autoerotic death and related mental health conditions in the future. Given the possibility of accidental death, it remains to be seen whether paraphilia involving a single harmful event could be classified as a specifier within the impulsive-compulsive-reward spectrum, similar to how newer diagnostic systems address substance use disorders.
Exploring the potential of BOLA3-DT as a diagnostic biomarker in prostate cancer
Authors: Sarkar Debansu , Khan Badre Alam , Bardhan Abhishek , Ghosh Amlan , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Background: Exploring the potential of BOLA3-DT as a diagnostic biomarker in prostate cancer. Methods: Expression of the lncRNA BOLA3-DT was analyzed between normal and tumor samples in the GDC TCGA PRAD (Genomic Data Commons: The Cancer Genome Atlas Prostate Adenocarcinoma Collection) dataset. Disease progression-related clinicopathological parameters such as serum PSA level (ng/ml) and Gleason score were associated with the expression of BOLA3-DT using the same GDC TCGA PRAD dataset. To validate these findings, the expression of BOLA3-DT was checked in our sample set of 15 PCa (prostate cancer) and 15 BPH (benign hypertrophy of the prostate) patients. Results: In the GDC TCGA PRAD dataset, the expression of the lncRNA BOLA3-DT was significantly downregulated in prostate cancer tissue samples ( n = 492) compared to adjacent normal ( n = 52; p < 0.0001), and, there was a significant negative correlation between the expression of the lncRNA BOLA3-DT and the serum PSA level ( p < 0.01). However, no significant association was found between the lncRNA BOLA3-DT expression and the Gleason score ( p > 0.05). In this study, it was found that BOLA3-DT was downregulated in PCa tissue samples compared to BPH samples ( p > 0.05). In the GDC TCGA PRAD dataset, it was revealed that BOLA3-DT could serve as an excellent diagnostic marker with a sensitivity of 86.9% and a specificity of 84.6% (AUC-0.916). Conclusion: LncRNA BOLA3-DT, a novel long non-coding RNA, was found to be downregulated in prostate cancer. The expression of the lncRNA BOLA3-DT can serve as a diagnostic marker in prostate cancer.
The occupational hazards of anesthesiologists: A literature review and evidence-based approach to prevention
Authors: Vega Alejandro , Wang Cindy , Sherwin Marc , DeMaria Samuel 
Published: January 2025

Background An occupational hazard is any workplace condition that poses a risk to an employee's health. Occupational hazards are ubiquitous in the field of anesthesiology and often go underappreciated. These hazards warrant careful assessment and strategic preventative planning. Objective This narrative literature review examines the occupational hazards encountered by anesthesiologists and discusses evidence-based techniques to mitigate these risks. Facilitating the health and safety of anesthesia professionals protects not only the providers themselves but also enhances patient care by reducing the possibility of medical errors due to occupational fatigue, stress, and injuries. Methods A targeted search of PubMed and other databases (SCOPUS, Web of Science) was used to review the literature. Safety standard handbooks by the International Atomic Energy Agency, The Pan American Health Organization, The World Health Organization, and Food and Agriculture of the United Nations, were also consulted to provide the current guidelines for hazards discussed. Articles and information were included if they provided information about the occupational hazards of anesthesiologists or evidence-based prevention techniques for mitigating the hazards. Results The occupational hazards are classified into physical, chemical, and biological categories. Evidence-based preventive measures are proposed and examined for each category. Conclusion This paper examines the challenges faced by anesthesiologists by categorizing the physical, chemical, and biological occupational hazards. Each identified hazard is accompanied by evidence-based strategies to mitigate its impact. By illuminating these issues, increased awareness among healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the public can foster a collective effort to improve the safety of the work of anesthesia providers.
Eyelash trichomegaly complicating pembrolizumab for colorectal cancer
Authors: Alevizopoulos N , Alexandris D 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Pembrolizumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor widely administered for the treatment of various malignancies. Despite its effectiveness, its distinctive mechanism of action may lead to immune-related adverse events, most frequently affecting cutaneous tissues. Hair-related adverse events, although uncommon, include conditions such as alopecia areata and alterations in hair texture or type. Case report A 63-year-old male patient presented with eyelash trichomegaly following two cycles of pembrolizumab infusion. Treatment and outcome The patient experienced discomfort due to the eyelash trichomegaly, prompting him to consider discontinuing the treatment. However, the patient's neoplastic disease demonstrated a complete radiologic response, which encouraged him to continue the therapy. Discussion This case illustrates a unique documentation of pembrolizumab-induced eyelash trichomegaly. While immune checkpoint inhibitors like pembrolizumab are known to cause hair-related adverse events, reports of eyelash trichomegaly remain rare. This case emphasizes the necessity for clinicians to remain vigilant about such uncommon side effects to ensure comprehensive patient management.
Construction and validation of a prediction model for arteriovenous fistula thrombosis in patients with AVF using Lasso regression
Authors: Zhang Jingwei , Fan Yi , Luo Xuyang , Kang Yuwei , Yang Wei , Ma Shijie , Meng Xianglong , He Qiang , Geng Xiaoxia , Deng Fei 
Published: January 2025

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to develop and validate a high-risk model for Arteriovenous Fistula Thrombosis (AVFT) in patients undergoing autogenous arteriovenous fistula surgery for hemodialysis. Methods: Retrospectively, we collected general information, clinical characteristics, laboratory examinations, and dialysis-related factors from a cohort of 1465 patients who received continuous arteriovenous fistula surgery at the Hemodialysis Access Center of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital between January 2019 and June 2022. The patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set in a 2:1 ratio. The training set was utilized to select AVFT-related features using LASSO regression. A predictive model was constructed using logistic regression analysis, and its performance was assessed in the validation set. Results: Through LASSO regression, we initially identified 13 candidate factors. Subsequently, based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) principle, the following factors were selected to construct the AVFT prediction model: monocytes_ratio, Fistula blood velocity, cystatin-c, homocysteine, parathormone, artery_dysfunction, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and d-dimer. The discrimination C-index of the model in the training set was 0.8767. For this training set, the sensitivity was 48.05% and the specificity was 96.84%. In the validation set, the model’s discrimination C-index, as evaluated by the ROC curve analysis, was 0.7888. The sensitivity was 14.29%, and the specificity was 97.04%. We assessed the calibration of the model using calibration curves, obtaining a maximum absolute difference of Emax = 0.205 and an average absolute difference of Eave = 0.032. Furthermore, we evaluated calibration and accuracy using the Spiegelhalter Z-test, yielding an S:P ratio of 0.704. Conclusion: AVFT is a multifactorial outcome influenced by factors such as injury, inflammatory factors, blood glucose levels, blood velocity, coagulation, electrolyte metabolism, and vascular endothelial function.
Comparison Valsalva maneuver and auriculotherapy on pain intensity of peripheral intravenous cannulation in adults: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Reza , Mohammadpour Ali , Mojtabavi Seyed Javad , Baloochi Beydokhti Tahereh 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Effective pain management during peripheral intravenous cannulation (PIVC) poses a significant challenge for medical practitioners in the emergency department. A range of non-pharmacological interventions have been advanced to address this concern. This study aimed to compare the effects of the Valsalva maneuver (VM) and auriculotherapy on pain intensity during PIVC in adults. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 99 adult patients referred to Emergency department Hospital in Gonabad, Iran. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups VM ( n = 33), auriculotherapy ( n = 33), and control ( n = 33). Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) immediately after PIVC. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, with a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: The mean pain scores in the VM, auriculotherapy, and control groups were 2.88 ± 3.81, 2.57 ± 3.45, and 7.13 ± 2.39, respectively. Kruskal–Walli’s test revealed a significant difference among the groups ( p < 0.001). Pairwise comparisons indicated no significant difference between VM and auriculotherapy groups in pain intensity ( p = 0.67). However, significant differences were observed between the control group and the VM group ( p < 0.001) as well as between the control group and the auriculotherapy group ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that both auriculotherapy and the Valsalva maneuver effectively reduce pain during PIVC in adults. Healthcare providers can consider incorporating these methods to help alleviate pain during PIVC procedures.