bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transdiagnostic neurocognitive dysfunction in children and adolescents with mental illness
Authors: Hilton Rachel A. , Tozzi Leonardo , Nesamoney Sean , Kozlowska Kasia , Kohn Michael R. , Harris Anthony , Clarke Simon , Williams Leanne M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRobust evidence from adult samples indicates that neurocognitive dysfunction is a hallmark of many mental illnesses, contributing to the loss of daily function and quality of life that these illnesses cause. However, it is still unclear whether neurocognitive deficits associated with mental illnesses begin to manifest well before adulthood or impact treatment response. Here we address this gap by evaluating neurocognitive function in four groups of children and adolescents with different mental illnesses compared to their matched healthy peers. Our team evaluated the neurocognitive performance of youth diagnosed with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (N = 343), anorexia (N = 40), first onset psychosis (N = 25) and functional neurological disorder (N = 56) versus age-matched healthy controls (N = 483), cross-sectionally. Performance was assessed using an objective assessment battery designed for use across diagnoses and settings and validated for its correlations with underlying brain structure and function. The following cognitive domains were assessed: sustained attention, cognitive flexibility, decision speed, executive function, information processing speed, psychomotor response speed, response inhibition, verbal memory and working memory. Distinct profiles of neurocognitive dysfunction were detected for each diagnosis relative to the healthy reference group. Youth with first onset psychosis displayed the most severe and generalized impairments across domains of sustained attention, verbal memory, response inhibition, cognitive flexibility, information processing speed and working memory. Children and adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder showed impairments in multiple domains of at least moderate severity with the most pronounced impairments in executive function, sustained attention and working memory. Children and adolescents with anorexia displayed more specific moderate impairments limited to cognitive flexibility, response inhibition, sustained attention, decision speed and verbal memory. Impairments in functional neurological disorder were also relatively specific and moderate, limited to executive function, working memory, cognitive flexibility, decision speed and information processing speed. These findings suggest that neurocognitive impairment in mental illness is transdiagnostic and can be detected as early as childhood or adolescence with standardized computerized testing.
Microbiota derived d-malate inhibits skeletal muscle growth and angiogenesis during aging via acetylation of Cyclin A
Authors: Li Penglin , Feng Jinlong , Jiang Hongfeng , Feng Xiaohua , Yang Jinping , Yuan Yexian , Ma Zewei , Xu Guli , Xu Chang , Zhu Canjun , Wang Songbo , Gao Ping , Shu Gang , Jiang Qingyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota play an important role in maintaining skeletal muscle growth, function, and metabolism. Here, we found that D-malate (DMA) is produced by mouse intestinal microorganisms and its levels increase during aging. Moreover, we observed that dietary supplementation of 2% DMA inhibits metabolism in mice, resulting in reduced muscle mass, strength, and the number of blood vessels, as well as the skeletal muscle fiber type I/IIb ratio. In vitro assays demonstrate that DMA decreases the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and suppresses the formation of blood vessels. In vivo, we further demonstrated that boosting angiogenesis by muscular VEGFB injection rescues the inhibitory effects of d-malate on muscle mass and fiber area. By transcriptomics analysis, we identified that the mechanism underlying the effects of DMA depends on the elevated intracellular acetyl-CoA content and increased Cyclin A acetylation rather than redox balance. This study reveals a novel mechanism by which gut microbes impair muscle angiogenesis and may provide a therapeutic target for skeletal muscle dysfunction in cancer or aging.
Preparation of nitrogen‐doped carbon materials by orthogonal array design for supercapacitors
Authors: Zhong Cungui , Liu Dayong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHere, the authors report a practical method for preparing nitrogen‐doped carbon materials using an orthogonal array design. The material with the highest specific capacitance value of 262 F·g−1 at a current density of 1 A·g−1 was obtained under the conditions (KOH as activation agent, activation temperature of 600°C, activation time of 3 h, respectively). Its high electrochemical properties are attributed to its high surface area and additional pseudo‐capacitance. After 5000 cycles, the specific capacitance remained 92.8%, with good cycle stability. Textural characterization of the carbon materials was performed using N2 adsorption/desorption and scanning electron microscopy.
High conductivity of n-type β-Ga2O3(010) thin films achieved through Si doping by mist chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Hosaka Shoma , Nishinaka Hiroyuki , Ogawa Temma , Miyake Hiroki , Yoshimoto Masahiro 
Published: January 2024

Currently, β-Ga2O3 has attracted significant attention as a wide bandgap semiconductor, and numerous growth techniques are being explored to control its carrier concentration for various applications. In this study, we investigated the homoepitaxial growth of Si-doped β-Ga2O3 thin films on a Fe-doped β-Ga2O3 substrate using the mist chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique developed in our group to obtain highly conductive thin films. Using mist CVD, we obtained highly crystalline Si-doped β-Ga2O3 thin films with a full-width at half-maximum of ∼40 arc sec for the (020) peak in the x-ray diffraction rocking curve. Atomic force microscopy studies indicated considerably smooth surfaces of the films with a small root mean square roughness (less than 0.5 nm). Furthermore, we controlled the carrier concentration in the range of 3.85 × 1018 to 2.58 × 1020 cm−3 by varying the Si concentration in the precursor solution. The film exhibits the highest conductivity of 2368 S/cm (mobility = 57.2 cm2/V s at the carrier concentration of 2.58 × 1020 cm−3). This study is expected to promote the application of β-Ga2O3 in devices.
“You are a woman, so you understand what I mean”
Authors: Acosta Vicente Carmen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article analyses public service interpreters’ self-perceptions of the role played by their gender in their
professional practice, a matter unexplored until now in interpreting studies. Through a thematic analysis of 95 responses to a
qualitative online survey in Finland, the United Kingdom and Spain, this study identified (1) whether interpreters perceive their
gender as significant in interpreter-mediated encounters; (2) in which situations interpreters believe their gender to be
relevant; (3) the reasons why gender becomes significant in interpreter-mediated encounters, and (4) whether the interpreter’s
gender has an impact on their credibility and trust-building. The results suggest that the interpreter’s gender plays a
significant role in their interactions, having an impact on both the interpreter’s and the client’s experience. The participants
highlight the significance of the interpreter’s gender, especially in healthcare situations, and discuss it in connection with the
client’s level of comfort and preference; relatability based on shared experiences, gender biases and expectations; sexism;
intersectionality, and the interpreter’s visibility. These results are examined with respect to the literature on gender in
interpreting studies and paths for future research are suggested.
Scattering amplitudes for self-force
Authors: Adamo Tim , Cristofoli Andrea , Ilderton Anton , Klisch Sonja 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The self-force expansion allows the study of deviations from geodesic motion due to the emission of radiation and its consequent back-reaction. We investigate this scheme within the on-shell framework of semiclassical scattering amplitudes for particles emitting photons or gravitons on a static, spherically symmetric background. We first present the exact scalar two-point amplitudes for Coulomb and Schwarzschild, from which one can extract classical observables such as the change in momentum due to geodesic motion. We then present, for the first time, the three-point semiclassical amplitudes for a scalar emitting a photon in Coulomb and a graviton on linearised Schwarzschild, outlining how the latter calculation can be generalized to the fully non-linear Schwarzschild metric. Our results are proper resummations of perturbative amplitudes in vacuum but, notably, are expressed in terms of Hamilton’s principal function for the backgrounds, rather than the radial action.
Lost work and exergy: two views of the same concept
Authors: Anacleto Joaquim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present the fundamental equation for a system and for a process, and by considering irreversibility within the system, we show that the lost work concept emerges naturally from the formalism. We then argue that if irreversibility is considered within the surroundings the lost work becomes what is known as exergy. Therefore, lost work and exergy are two views of the same concept, which in turn integrates a broader and more fundamental concept: entropy generation. It is our opinion that the clarification of the meanings of lost work and exergy, as well as the discussion that leads to an understanding of their differences and similarities, has not received the attention in the literature that it deserves. This paper fills that gap, and it is hoped that the discussion of these two concepts here will be useful for both students and teachers.
Chemical pressure as an effective tool for tuning the structural disordering and barocaloric efficiency of complex fluorides (NH4)3MF7 (M: Sn, Ti, Ge, Si)
Authors: Flerov Igor N , Gorev Mikhail V , Bogdanov Evgeniy V , Laptash Nataly M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Double fluoride salts (NH4)3M4+F7 (M4+: Sn, Ti, Ge, Si) demonstrate a high efficiency of using chemical pressure as a tool for control and tuning structural ordering/disordering, sensitivity to hydrostatic pressure, successions of the phase transitions, etc and, as a result, for purposeful variation within a wide range of parameters of barocaloric effect (BCE). The conventional and inverse BCEs near the triple points were found on the T − p phase diagrams, combination of which can be used to construct original cooling cycle in narrow temperature and pressure ranges. Reconstructive transformation between two cubic phases,

P
m

3
ˉ

m
↔
P
a

3
ˉ

, realized in (NH4)3SnF7 at atmospheric pressure and in (NH4)3TiF7 at

p
>

0.4 GPa are characterized by rather low thermal hysteresis,

δ

T
0

= 1 K, and a great entropy change,

Δ

S

BCE

= 110–152 J (kg · K)−1, depending on the size of the central atom. At above 300–350 K, a contribution to BCE associated with the regular thermal expansion of the crystal lattice becomes comparable to entropy and temperature changes under pressure in the region of the phase transitions. An analysis of the absolute, relative and integral barocaloric characteristics of (NH4)3M4+F7 compounds showed their high competitiveness with respect to other barocaloric materials considered as promising solid-state refrigerants.
Magnetization reversal via domain wall motion in vertical high-aspect-ratio nanopillar with two magnetic junctions
Authors: Honda Syuta , Sonobe Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A vertical ferromagnetic (FM) nanopillar can be used as magnetic memory owing to characteristics such as its high storage capacity and high thermal stability. The perpendicular shape anisotropy (PSA) of the pillar enables its magnetization direction to be stabilized. A pillar with a high aspect ratio exhibits both strong PSA and magnetization with high thermal stability. Reversing the magnetization direction of such a pillar using the current flowing through it is a significant challenge in spintronics. However, spin injection from another FM layer alone cannot reverse the magnetization of pillars of which the length exceeds 100 nm. This motivated us to propose a magnetic junction (MJ) consisting of a high-aspect-ratio FM nanopillar with two thin FM layers. Using micromagnetic simulation, we demonstrate the magnetization reversal of a 150 nm-long pillar with a diameter of 15 nm. The simulation revealed that the magnetization of the pillar reverses because of the spin transfer torque induced by the spin injection from the two thin FM layers and the spin-polarized current (SPC) flowing in the pillar in the longitudinal direction. During the magnetization reversal process, a domain wall (DW) first forms at one end of the pillar due to the spin injection. Then, driven by the SPC, the DW moves to the other end of the pillar, and the magnetization is reversed. The magnetization direction of the pillar, controlled by changing the direction of the current flowing through the pillar, can be evaluated from the respective magnetoresistance values of the two MJs. Alternatively, by pinning the DW in the pillar, a three-value magnetic memory can be developed. In addition, multi-bit and analog memories can be developed by controlling the pinning position of the DW. The high-aspect-ratio pillar-writing scheme is foreseen to pave the way for the practical development of next-generation spintronic devices.
Dynamic terahertz beamforming based on magnetically switchable hyperbolic materials
Authors: Carvalho William O F , Moncada-Villa E , Mejía-Salazar J R , Spadoti Danilo H 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, we introduce a concept to enable dynamic beamforming of terahertz (THz) wavefronts using applied magnetic fields (B). The proposed system exploits the magnetically switchable hyperbolic dispersion of the InSb semiconductor. This phenomenology, combined with diffractive surfaces and magnetic tilting of scattered fields, allows the design of a metasurface that works with either circularly or linearly polarized wavefronts. In particular, we demonstrate numerically that the transmitted beam tilting can be manipulated with the direction and magnitude of B. Numerical results, obtained through the finite element method, are qualitatively supported by semi-analytical results from the generalized dipole theory. Motivated by potential applications in future Tera-WiFi active links, a metasurface is simulated for the working frequency f = 300 GHz. The results indicate that the transmitted field can be actively tuned to point in five different directions with beamforming of

±

45

∘

, depending on the magnitude and direction of B. In addition to magnetic beamforming, we also demonstrate that our proposal exhibits magnetic circular dichroism, which can also find applications in magnetically tunable THz isolators for one-way transmission/reflection.
Dual excitation self-balancing capacitance measurement method based on frequency adjustment
Authors: Wang Xuanze , Yang Zhenyu , Cai Yuxiong , Zhai Zhongsheng , Wang Haowei , Liu Da 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The double-ended excitation self-balancing bridge excitation method is a capacitance measurement method with rather a high measurement accuracy currently. However, the reference impedance of the electric bridge limits the traditional self-balancing excitation measurement method, making it difficult to achieve high accuracy and a wide range of capacitance sensor measurements. In the proposed paper, frequency adjustment method is introduced to enable impedance matching between the measured capacitance and the reference resistance. The measurement range is broadened as well as maintaining the accuracy of the capacitance measurement. The measurement circuit is composed of a reference resistor, a bridge in series with the measured capacitance and an operational amplifier follower circuit. First, we roughly measure the input impedance of the operational amplifier and the capacitive reactance of the capacitance under test using a two-step excitation method. Then, the best excitation frequency is calculated to match the reference resistor according to the capacitive reactance under test, and the input impedance of the operational amplifier is re-estimated with the best frequency. Finally, we complete the accurate measurement of the capacitive reactance under test through the use of dual excitation. The experimental results demonstrate the method’s high accuracy measurement within the range of 1.6 pF–16 nF, with the reference resistance set at 1 MΩ and the excitation frequency adjusted between 10 and 100 kHz. Additionally, dual excitation stability testing verifies relative standard deviations in the range of 0.01%–0.12%. Experiments on filter capsule sensing detection show that the proposed frequency adjustment measurement method can perform highly sensitive capacitive sensing measurements under the influence of parasitic effects.
Research on attitude correction algorithm for mobile wind lidars
Authors: Zhao Shijun , Shan Yulong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The laser wind measurement technology is remarkable for detecting clear-sky wind fields. The Doppler beam swinging algorithm for wind lidars has been developed to obtain vertical wind profiles based on fixed observation methods. However, the Doppler frequencies are superposed due to the self-motions of lidars caused by carrier motions when lidars are used on motion carrier platforms. Meanwhile, the emission directions of laser beams are uncertain due to changes in carriers’ motion directions and tilts. Thus, a new wind measurement correction model must be studied with lidar attitudes. This study considers the influences of the motion velocities, the carrier’s tilt angles, and the laser beams’ yaw angles at the 0° azimuth angle on the measured results under lidar motions, a correction model of motion attitudes for mobile wind lidars was designed. Sensitivity simulation tests for motion attitude parameters were carried out, and the influences of different attitude parameters of the carrier on the measured results were investigated to evaluate and verify the effects of the correction model. Results indicated that the wind measurement correction model could correct data errors caused by the carrier’s motion and tilts. The motion velocities, carrier directions, and the yaw angles of the laser beams at the 0° azimuth angle had an essential influence on the wind velocity measurements. Besides, the carrier’s pitch angles and the roll angles, which did not influence the wind velocity measurements, only affected the altitudes of the wind field data. Furthermore, the pitch angles exerted more significant influences on the data altitudes than the roll angles.
Uniform regularity and zero capillarity-viscosity limit for an inhomogeneous incompressible fluid model of Korteweg type in half-space
Authors: Li Fucai , Zhang Shuxing , Zhang Zhipeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study the uniform regularity and zero capillarity-viscosity limit for an inhomogeneous incompressible fluid model of Korteweg type in the half-space

R

+
3

. We consider the Navier-slip boundary condition for velocity and the Dirichlet boundary condition for the gradient of density. By establishing the conormal energy estimates, we prove that there exists a unique strong solution of the model in a finite time interval

[
0
,

T
0

]

, where T
0 is independent of the capillary and viscosity coefficients, and the solution is uniformly bounded in a conormal Sobolev space. Based on the aforementioned uniform estimates, we further show that there exists a constant

0
<

T
1

⩽

T
0

, such that the solutions of this model converge to the solution of the inhomogeneous incompressible Euler equations with the rates of convergence in

L
∞

(
0
,

T
1

;

L
2

(

R

+
3

)
)

and

L
∞

(
0
,

T
1

;

H
1

(

R

+
3

)
)

, as the capillary and viscosity coefficients tend to zero simultaneously.
Concentration measurements of atomic nitrogen in an atmospheric-pressure RF plasma jet using a picosecond TALIF
Authors: Khan Waseem , Dvořák Pavel , Bolouki Nima , Mrkvičková Martina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The absolute concentration and spatial distribution of ground-state atomic nitrogen (N) in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet were measured using the two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence. The jet was ignited by radio frequency voltage in argon (or argon with nitrogen admixture) flowing through a silica tube. The spatially resolved measurements of atomic nitrogen concentration were realized in the effluent of the jet. In a pure argon plasma, the N concentration was increased with the distance from the silica tube and reached the maximum value (

3.5
⋅

10

14

cm−3) at the distance of 15 mm, and then sharply decreased at the end of the plume. On the contrary, plasma ignited in Ar with nitrogen admixture, the maximum N concentration was located directly at the end of the silica tube, where plasma starts to blow out into the ambient air. The highest N concentrations for 0.5% and 2% of N2 in the feed gas were

1.3
⋅

10

15

cm−3 and

4
⋅

10

15

cm−3, respectively.
Adaptive beam with elastic support based on magnetorheological elastomers for modal modulation and vibration suppression
Authors: Wang Leizhi , Zhang Ke , Ding Wei , Chen Zhaobo , Hou Longtao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Owing to the wide modulation capability of their magneto-induced modulus, smart structure-based magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) show great promise for vibration control in numerous engineering applications. In conventional smart structure-based MREs, however, vibration absorption or isolation is mainly used for discrete structural systems, and the requirement for vibration control in continuous structures can limit the application of vibration absorbers and isolators. Therefore, it is necessary to resolve the dynamic properties of the continuous structure to obtain modal information. In this paper, different types of smart beams with adaptive elastic support (AES)-based MREs, containing dual-end elastic support, single-end elastic support, and the combination of a fixed end and an AES at an arbitrary location, are developed to tactically influence the dynamics through magneto-mechanical coupling. A dynamic model of thin-walled beams with AES was established by using the improved Fourier series method (IFSM). The numerical results confirm that the effective suppression bandwidth of the beam with MRE-AES can be shifted as a result of the modal modulation-induced energy transfer from low to high frequencies, which requires a decreasing trend of modal amplitude at the response location as the elastic support stiffness increases. According to the modal analysis, the beams with single-end AES and dual-end AES have a decreasing trend of modal amplitude in the global location as stiffness increases. However, the modal amplitude trend of the beam with a fixed end and an AES is not monotonic at certain locations. The experimental results demonstrate that MRE-AES can effectively attenuate the acceleration responses of the beams with single-end AES and with a fixed end and an AES under harmonic excitation. The resonance peaks in the transmission remarkably shift to higher frequencies with increasing magnetic flux.