bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual dysfunction in single males: A perspective from India
Authors: Manjula M. , Prasadarao P.S.D.V. , Kumaraiah V. , Mishra H. , Raguram R. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractVarious personal, familial, and socio‐cultural factors play a crucial role in the development of sexuality and sexual practices. They often influence the occurrence and maintenance of sexual dysfunctions. Therapies with individuals with sexual dysfunctions often emphasize the involvement of both the partners. Issues related to single males, especially in the Indian context, have not been explored. The present study is a retrospective analysis of clinical case records of single males who reported sexual dysfunctions between the years 1990 to 2000. Thirty‐eight clinical case records were analyzed for the demographic details, nature of the problems, and interventions provided with the aim of exploring the reported symptomatology, precipitating and maintaining factors, prevalent beliefs about the causation of sexual dysfunction, and the outcome of interventions. The role of cultural and psychosocial issues is discussed and the need for research in this area is emphasized. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Fold‐2‐covering triangular embeddings
Authors: Bénard D. , Bouchet A. , Richter R. B. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractFor a graph G and a positive integer m, G(m) is the graph obtained from G by replacing every vertex by an independent set of size m and every edge by m2 edges joining all possible new pairs of ends. If G triangulates a surface, then it is easy to see from Euler's formula that G(m) can, in principle, triangulate a surface. For m prime and at least 7, it has previously been shown that in fact G(m) does triangulate a surface, and in fact does so as a “covering with folds” of the original triangulation. For m = 5, this would be a consequence of Tutte's 5‐Flow Conjecture. In this work, we investigate the case m = 2 and describe simple classes of triangulations G for which G(2) does have a triangulation that covers G “with folds,” as well as providing a simple infinite class of triangulations G of the sphere for which G(2) does not triangulate any surface. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 79–92, 2003
NP completeness of the edge precoloring extension problem on bipartite graphs
Authors: Fiala Jiří 
Published: May 2003

AbstractWe show that the following problem is NP complete: Let G be a cubic bipartite graph and f be a precoloring of a subset of edges of G using at most three colors. Can f be extended to a proper edge 3‐coloring of the entire graph G? This result provides a natural counterpart to classical Holyer's result on edge 3‐colorability of cubic graphs and a strengthening of results on precoloring extension of perfect graphs. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 156–160, 2003
A theorem on integer flows on cartesian products of graphs
Authors: Imrich Wilfried , Škrekovski Riste 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIt is shown that the Cartesian product of two nontrivial connected graphs admits a nowhere‐zero 4‐flow. If both factors are bipartite, then the product admits a nowhere‐zero 3‐flow. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 93–98, 2003
Large families of mutually embeddable vertex‐transitive graphs
Authors: Bonato Anthony , Tardif Claude 
Published: May 2003

AbstractFor each infinite cardinal κ, we give examples of 2κ many non‐isomorphic vertex‐transitive graphs of order κ that are pairwise isomorphic to induced subgraphs of each other. We consider examples of graphs with these properties that are also universal, in the sense that they embed all graphs with smaller orders as induced subgraphs. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 99–106, 2003
Circular colorings of edge‐weighted graphs
Authors: Mohar Bojan 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe notion of (circular) colorings of edge‐weighted graphs is introduced. This notion generalizes the notion of (circular) colorings of graphs, the channel assignment problem, and several other optimization problems. For instance, its restriction to colorings of weighted complete graphs corresponds to the traveling salesman problem (metric case). It also gives rise to a new definition of the chromatic number of directed graphs. Several basic results about the circular chromatic number of edge‐weighted graphs are derived. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 107–116, 2003
Line graphs of bipartite graphs with Hamiltonian paths
Authors: Bell Francis K. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIt is shown that, if t is an integer ≥3 and not equal to 7 or 8, then there is a unique maximal graph having the path Pt as a star complement for the eigenvalue −2. The maximal graph is the line graph of Km,m if t = 2m−1, and of Km,m+1 if t = 2m. This result yields a characterization of L(G ) when G is a (t + 1)‐vertex bipartite graph with a Hamiltonian path. The graphs with star complement Pr ∪ Ps or Pr ∪ Cs for −2 are also determined. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 137–149, 2003
On vertex critical graphs with prescribed diameter
Authors: Caccetta L. , EL‐Batanouny S. , Huang J. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractLet G be connected simple graph with diameter d(G). G is said v+‐critical if d(G−v) is greater than d(G) for every vertex v of G. Let D′ = max {d(G−v) : v ∈ V(G)}. Boals et al. [Congressus Numerantium 72 (1990), 193—198] conjectured that if G is a v+‐critical graph of diameter D, then D′ ≤ 2D − 1. They verified their conjecture for D = 2 and 3. In this paper we show that this conjecture is false for all D ≥ 4 and establish a sharp upper bound for D′. More specifically, we prove that D′ ≤ 3D − 3 for D = 4, 6, 8; and $D^\prime \le 2D + 3 \left\lfloor {{1 \over 2}(D + 1)} \right\rfloor\! - 8$; otherwise. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 117–131, 2003
Minimum cycle bases of Halin graphs
Authors: Stadler Peter F. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractHalin graphs are planar 3‐connected graphs that consist of a tree and a cycle connecting the end vertices of the tree. It is shown that all Halin graphs that are not “necklaces” have a unique minimum cycle basis. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 43: 150–155, 2003
Identification of calcite grains in the Vaca Muerta mesosiderite by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Rull Perez Fernando , Martinez‐Frias Jesus 
Published: May 2003

AbstractWithin the framework of a detailed micro‐Raman study of Vaca Muerta mesosiderite, the Raman spectra of calcite globules inside the meteorite are reported for the first time. These spectra were compared with spectra of terrestrial calcite of sedimentary, hydrothermal and magmatic origin under the same experimental conditions. Some differences are found in the relative intensities and bandwidths between Vaca Muerta and terrestrial calcite spectra, which cannot be assigned to micro‐crystal orientations effects. The origin of these calcite globules is discussed. Although a secondary mineral process due to terrestrial weathering after the fall can not be completely discarded, two hypotheses are proposed. The first addresses the possibility of the formation of calcite with small structural changes due to shocks at various times in the complex history of the meteorite. The second is related to the very recent discovery of carbonates (calcite and dolomite), not formed by aqueous alteration, in the dust shells of evolved stars. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brillouin study of phase transitions in KNbW2O9 bronze
Authors: Ma̧czka M. , Ko J.‐H. , Kojima S. , Majchrowski A. , Hanuza J. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractHigh‐resolution Brillouin spectra of KNbW2O9 crystallizing in the hexagonal bronze structure were obtained for the first time in the temperature range 293–723 K. Weak anomalies in sound velocity were observed for the sound waves corresponding to the c11 elastic constant at 535, 597 and 671 K. Additionally, a strong increase in the intensity of Brillouin lines was observed near 530 K. These anomalies are attributed to phase transitions occurring in the KNbW2O9 crystal between two phases of unknown symmetry (at 535 K), two orthorhombic phases (at 597 K) and between orthorhombic and hexagonal phases (at 671 K). The character of the observed anomalies suggests that the coupling is squared in order parameter and linear in strain. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Near‐infrared Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy of skin samples from the ‘Tomb of the Two Brothers,’ Khnum‐Nakht and Nekht‐Ankh, XIIth dynasty Egyptian mummies (ca 2000 BC)
Authors: Petersen Susanne , Nielsen Ole Faurskov , Christensen Daniel H. , Edwards Howell G. M. , Farwell Dennis W. , David Rosalie , Lambert Patricia , Gniadecka Monika , Wulf Hans C. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractMicroscopic near‐infrared Fourier transform Raman investigations were performed of skin samples from the Nekht‐Ankh mummy found in the ‘Tomb of the Two Brothers’ in Egypt (ca 2000 BC). Spectra were obtained from various sites on the samples. The lipids and proteins seemed well preserved, although different degrees of protein deterioration were observed. In some spots the protein degradation was rather high. Some sites showed very well preserved protein secondary structures with both helical and sheet contents, indicating that the artificial mummification process had a positive effect although no embalming chemicals were left in those spots. Sodium sulphate was the only artificial chemical that could be detected and the degradation of lipid and protein seemed to be rather high in the region containing sodium sulphate. The Raman spectra of the best preserved skin samples from the Nekht‐Ankh mummy are very similar to those obtained from the best preserved child rock‐cleft mummy (I/2) from Qilakitsoq in Greenland. The conclusion is that the artificial embalming process used by the ancient Egyptians was an efficient way to preserve the mummies even under hot conditions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational spectra of the peroxochromates (NH4)3[Cr(O2)4], K3[Cr(O2)4] and Rb3[Cr(O2)4]
Authors: Haeuseler H. , Haxhillazi G. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe compounds (NH4)3[Cr(O2)4], K3[Cr(O2)4] and Rb3[Cr(O2)4] were prepared and investigated by x‐ray powder methods and Raman and IR spectroscopy. From the powder x‐ray diffraction data it is shown that both (NH4)3[Cr(O2)4] and Rb3[Cr(O2)4] are isotypic to the K3[Cr(O2)4] type (space group I42m, No. 121). The infrared and Raman spectra (recorded on powdered samples) are discussed with respect to the internal vibrations of the peroxo group and the dodecahedral [Cr(O2)4]3− ion. The stretching vibrations of the O22− groups are found at 838 (Raman) and 813 cm−1 (IR). The preparation of the corresponding cesium compound did not succeed as the samples exploded. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isotope effects on the Raman spectrum of buckminsterfullerene, C60
Authors: Ren Jie , Page John B. , Menéndez José 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe Raman spectrum of C60 was calculated for molecular samples containing carbon isotopes with natural abundance. The results confirm experimental results indicating that isotopic perturbations are not an important source of silent‐mode Raman activity. Detailed predictions for the Raman spectrum of C60 in gas phases or isolating matrices are presented. The accuracy of the theoretical calculations was maximized by using experimental vibrational wavenumbers and bond polarizability parameters fitted to experimental data. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study of silver films over silica beads as a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for detection of benzoic acid
Authors: Bao Li‐Li , Mahurin Shannon M. , Liang Cheng‐Du , Dai Sheng 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSurfaces prepared by vacuum depositing silver on silica nanospheres were investigated as surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates using benzoic acid as an analyte. The SERS sensitivity of the substrates was probed as a function of substrate parameters, such as silver‐film thickness and silica‐bead dimensions. The SERS signals were found to increase with an increase in silver‐film thickness and silica‐bead diameter until a maximum signal was reached. Additional increases in the film thickness or the bead diameter resulted in a decrease in the SERS signal. Maximum SERS response was obtained with a substrate made by vapor depositing a 6 nm thick coating of silver on a thin layer of silica beads with a nominal diameter of 565 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the substrates was performed to consider the effect of surface morphology on the SERS responses. Optimal SERS substrates exhibited a detection limit of 5 × 10−7 M for adsorbed benzoic acid. A linear relationship was demonstrated between the SERS response and the concentration of benzoic acid with two different slopes, one in the 10−5–10−3 M range and the other in the 10−3–10−1 M range. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of a psychiatric diagnosis on nursing care for nonpsychiatric problems
Authors: McDonald Deborah Dillon , Frakes Michael , Apostolidis Beka , Armstrong Brenda , Goldblatt Stephen , Bernardo Dawn 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis study was designed to test how patients' psychiatric diagnoses would affect nursing care for medical problems. Sixty nurses were randomly assigned to three groups in this posttest‐only experiment. Control group nurses read a vignette describing a man admitted with a possible myocardial infarction (MI). Nonpsychotic group nurses also read that the person was on alprazolam. Psychotic group nurses read that the person was on haloperidol, benztropine, lorazepam, trazadone, fluoxetine, and lithium. Psychotic group nurses estimated a decreased probability that the patient was having an MI and were less likely to respond to additional possible MI symptoms. An increased awareness of the potential to stereotype medical patients with a history of psychosis might assist nurses when providing care. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 26: 225–232, 2003
Detecting acute confusion in older adults: Comparing clinical reasoning of nurses working in acute, long‐term, and community health care environments
Authors: McCarthy Marianne C. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractIn an article on a previous study involving hospitalized older adults (McCarthy, 2003), it was argued that the theory of situated clinical reasoning explains why nurses often fail to recognize acute confusion. Further, the theory illuminates how nurses' perspectives toward health in aging affect the ways they regard and ultimately deal with older people in this particular clinical situation. The purpose of the current study was to challenge and refine the theory by exploring the influence of different care environments on clinical reasoning related to acute confusion. Following a period of participant observation, a purposive sample of 30 nurses, 10 each from a teaching hospital, a long‐term facility, and a home care agency, participated in semistructured interviews. Dimensional analysis provided the methodological framework for data collection and interpretation. The results reinforce prior findings that the ability of nurses to recognize acute confusion and to distinguish it from dementia can be attributed to their personal philosophies about aging. Care environment was identified as a factor that influenced clinical reasoning in limited ways under certain conditions and within certain contexts. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 26: 203–212, 2003
Cross‐cultural validation of the stages of the tobacco acquisition questionnaire and the decisional balance scale
Authors: Chen Huey‐Shys , Horner Sharon D. , Percy Melanie S. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe first phase in a study of smoking behaviors of 11‐ to 14‐year‐old Taiwanese children was designed to ensure the reliability and validity of newly translated instruments. The stages of the tobacco acquisition questionnaire (STAQ) and the decisional balance scale (DBS) were translated into Chinese, then back‐translated into English. The DBS was adapted based on input from a focus group with young adolescents, reviewed by a panel of experts and laypersons, and pilot‐tested. The next step consisted of administering the instruments to 401 children (ages 11–14 years) for psychometric testing. Factor analysis yielded three components for the STAQ accounting for 57.8% of the total variance, with alphas of the subscales ranging from .85 to .92. The DBS had two components accounting for 59.3% of the total variance, with alphas of .87 and .90 for the subscales. Accuracy of the translated instruments was supported by the psychometric test results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 26: 233–243, 2003
Determinants of physical activity and adherence to a 24‐week home‐based walking program in African American and Caucasian women
Authors: Wilbur JoEllen , Michaels Miller Arlene , Chandler Peggy , McDevitt Judith 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to: (a) identify which determinants of physical activity among African American and Caucasian women predict adherence to a 24‐week home‐based walking program; and (b) explore differences between African American and Caucasian women. Participants were 153 working women who were sedentary at leisure. The program included an exercise prescription, instructions, and support. Background determinants included demographics, previous exercise experience, and social role influences. Intrapersonal determinants (self‐efficacy, self‐determinism) were measured at baseline and 24 weeks. Adherence was measured with heart rate monitors and logs. Adherence was significantly higher in Caucasians, those with less previous exercise experience, and those with higher self‐efficacy. Findings suggest that adherence to a walking program is influenced by multiple factors including background and intrapersonal determinants of physical activity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 26: 213–224, 2003
Evolution of the caregiving experience in the initial 2 years following stroke
Authors: White Carole L. , Mayo Nancy , Hanley James A. , Wood‐Dauphinee Sharon 
Published: May 2003

AbstractRelationships between stroke survivor and family caregiver factors and the caregiver's health‐related quality of life (HRQL) and overall quality of life (QoL) were examined in 97 dyads during the first and second years after stroke. Compared to age‐ and sex‐matched population norms, caregivers scored significantly lower on the mental subscales of HRQL, and differences were greater for women than for men. Caregiver characteristics (older age, less burden, and fewer physical symptoms) were associated with better HRQL (mental summary scale) in the first year, with similar findings in the second year. Moderate stroke survivor physical impairment and caregiver characteristics (younger age and better HRQL) were associated with better QoL in the first year. During the second year poorer caregiver physical and mental health and caring for a stroke survivor with communication difficulties were associated with diminished QoL. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 26: 177–189, 2003
An alternative paradigm for clinical nursing research: An exemplar
Authors: Sidani Souraya , Epstein Dana R. , Moritz Patricia 
Published: May 2003

AbstractEffectiveness research is undertaken to evaluate the effects of interventions in achieving desired outcomes when tested in the real‐world conditions of everyday practice. Although the randomized clinical trial (RCT) is considered the gold standard for effectiveness research, its feasibility, generalizability, and the clinical utility of its results are being questioned. This state of the science prompted the call for a paradigm shift, characterized by alternative methods for clinical research. The alternative methods attempt to account for clinical realities when conducting research, with the goal of minimizing discrepancies in the perspective and assumptions underlying practice and research. In this article a theory‐driven approach to intervention evaluation is presented as a viable alternative paradigm for clinical research. The application of this approach demands changes in four aspects of research: participant selection criteria, assignment to treatment options, delivery of the intervention, and selection of outcome measures. The changes are discussed at the conceptual level and illustrated with examples from an ongoing multisite study aimed at determining the usefulness of this theory‐driven approach to intervention evaluation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 26: 244–255, 2003
Relationship of social role quality to psychological well‐being in women with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Plach Sandra K. , Heidrich Susan M. , Waite Ruth M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the mediating and moderating effects of women's social role quality on the psychological well‐being of women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). One hundred and fifty‐six women with a diagnosis of RA (M age = 59, SD = 11) completed self‐report measures of arthritis history, physical health, psychological well‐being, and role quality. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that role quality mediated the effects of physical health on depression and purpose in life, moderated the effects of health on depression, and moderated the effects of pain on purpose in life. Women in poor health with high role quality were significantly less depressed than women in poor health with poor role quality. Women with high levels of pain and high role quality had more purpose in life than women with high levels of pain and low role quality. Despite difficulties with their physical health, women who had high role quality had higher levels of psychological well‐being. Findings from this study may aid in the development of meaningful interventions to help women with RA manage their daily lives to optimize well‐being. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 26: 190–202, 2003
Antitumour activity and specificity as a function of substitutions in the lipophilic sector of helical lactoferrin‐derived peptide
Authors: Yang Nannan , Lejon Tore , Rekdal Øystein 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA peptide L5 (PAWRKAFRWAWRMLKKAA), derived from the N‐terminal α‐helical region of bovine lactoferrin (LFB 14–31), that is highly active against several tumour cell lines was reported earlier. In this study, a number of L5 analogues were designed in order to investigate how subsequent replacements of the aromatic amino acids in L5 with three amino acids representing different structural parameters influenced antitumour activity and tumour cell specificity relative to normal human cells. The Trp residues were substituted by Lys, Ile or Ala, while the Phe residue was substituted with Ala. The resulting peptides were investigated for their activity against prokaryotic cells, four tumour cell lines, human lung fibroblasts and human erythrocytes. Most of the peptides were highly active against both E. coli and S. aureus. The peptides were more active against the tumour cell lines than against normal eukaryotic cells but the activity against normal fibroblasts varied more among the peptides than did their antitumour activities. The results revealed that aromatic residues located opposite the cationic sector in L5 were more critical for antitumour activity than were aromatic residues located adjacent to the cationic sector. The biological responses for the peptides against tumour cell lines, fibroblasts, S. aureus (but not E. coli), were highly correlated with the amino acid descriptors used in our QSAR model. The result obtained from the QSAR study identified specific structural features that were important for lytic activity and membrane specificity. Certain structural properties in positions 3, 9 and 11 were shown to be important for antitumour activity, while additional structural properties in position 7 were found to be important with respect to tumour cell specificity. This information may offer a possibility for de novo design of an antitumour peptide with an improved therapeutic index. Copyright © 2003 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.