bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromophoric cerium oxide nanoparticle-loaded sucking disk-type strip sensor for optical measurement of glucose in tear fluid
Authors: Park Sijin , Nam Dong Yeon , Jeon Hee-Jae , Han Jae Hoon , Jang Dawon , Hwang Juil , Park Yeong-Seo , Han Young-Geun , Choy Young Bin , Lee Dong Yun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Noninvasive monitoring of tear glucose levels can be convenient for patients to manage their diabetes mellitus. However, there are issues with monitoring tear glucose levels, such as the invasiveness of some methods, the miniaturization, inaccuracy, or the high cost of wearable devices. To overcome the issues, we newly designed a sucking disk-type (SD) strip biosensor that can quickly suck tear fluid and contains cerium oxide nanoparticle (CNP) that causes a unique color change according to the glucose level of the tear without complicated electronic components.

Methods
The SD strip biosensor composed of three distinct parts (tip, channel, and reaction chamber) was designed to contain the sensing paper, onto which tear fluid can be collected and delivered. The sensing paper treated with CNP/APTS (aminopropyltriethoxysilane) /GOx (glucose oxidase) was characterized. Then we carried out the reliability of the SD strip biosensor in the diabetic rabbit animals. We quantitatively analyzed the color values of the SD strip biosensor through the colorimetric analysis algorithm.

Results
We contacted the inferior palpebral conjunctiva (IPC) of a diabetic rabbit eye using an SD strip biosensor to collect tears without eye irritation and successfully verified the performance and quantitative efficacy of the sensor. An image processing algorithm that can optimize measurement accuracy is developed for accurate color change measurement of SD strip biosensors. The validation tests show a good correlation between glucose concentrations measured in the tear and blood.

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that the CNP-embedded SD strip biosensor and the associated image processing can simply monitor tear glucose to manage diabetes mellitus.

Graphical Abstract
Absolute quantification of DNA damage response proteins
Authors: Matsuda Shun , Ikura Tsuyoshi , Matsuda Tomonari 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
DNA damage response (DDR) and repair are vital for safeguarding genetic information and ensuring the survival and accurate transmission of genetic material. DNA damage, such as DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), triggers a response where sensor proteins recognize DSBs. Information is transmitted to kinases, initiating a sequence resulting in the activation of the DNA damage response and recruitment of other DDR and repair proteins to the DSB site in a highly orderly sequence. Research has traditionally focused on individual protein functions and their order, with limited quantitative analysis, prompting this study’s attempt at absolute quantification of DNA damage response and repair proteins and capturing changes in protein chromatin affinity after DNA damage through biochemical fractionation methods.

Results
To assess the intracellular levels of proteins involved in DDR and repair, multiple proteins associated with different functions were quantified in EPC2-hTERT cells. H2AX had the highest intracellular abundance (1.93 × 106 molecules/cell). The components of the MRN complex were present at the comparable levels: 6.89 × 104 (MRE11), 2.17 × 104 (RAD50), and 2.35 × 104 (NBS1) molecules/cell. MDC1 was present at 1.27 × 104 molecules/cell. The intracellular levels of ATM and ATR kinases were relatively low: 555 and 4860 molecules/cell, respectively. The levels of cellular proteins involved in NHEJ (53BP1: 3.03 × 104; XRCC5: 2.62 × 104; XRCC6: 5.05 × 105 molecules/cell) were more than an order of magnitude higher than that involved in HR (RAD51: 2500 molecules/cell). Furthermore, we analyzed the dynamics of MDC1 and γH2AX proteins in response to DNA damage induced by the unstable agent neocarzinostatin (NCS). Using cell biochemical fractionation, cells were collected and analyzed at different time points after NCS exposure. Results showed that γH2AX in chromatin fraction peaked at 1 h post-exposure and gradually decreased, while MDC1 translocated from the isotonic to the hypertonic fraction, peaking at 1 hour as well. The study suggests increased MDC1 affinity for chromatin through binding to γH2AX induced by DNA damage. The γH2AX-bound MDC1 (in the hypertonic fraction) to γH2AX ratio at 1 h post-exposure was 1:56.4, with lower MDC1 levels which may attributed to competition with other proteins.

Conclusions
The approach provided quantitative insights into protein dynamics in DNA damage response.
The outcome of integrated motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioral therapy in Egyptian patients with substance use disorder
Authors: Abdel Moneam Mohamed Hossam EL-Din , Mohsen Nesreen , Azzam Lobna AbuBakr , Elsayed Yasser Abdel Razek , Alghonaimy Ahmed Adel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The authors aimed to evaluate the outcome of combined motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioral therapy (MICBT) for substance use disorder compared to the twelve-step facilitation (TSF) therapy in terms of retention in the treatment program, the number of relapses, and the period of abstinence after discharge, coping with craving, and modification of problematic behaviors.

Method
This randomized controlled trial included 60 individuals with a substance use disorder. Participants were randomly allocated to equal groups. The MICBT group received 20 sessions of approximately 90 min of MICBT group therapy. The NA (control) group was assigned 20 narcotic anonymous (NA)-oriented TSF group therapy sessions. The assessment was conducted 3 and 6 months after the intervention.

Result
The implementation of MICBT in a group setting leads to a significant decline in the number of days of drug use in 3 months of follow-up (P = 0.006) and 6 months of follow-up (P < 0.001), an increase in the number of days of abstinence in 3 months of follow-up (P = 0.008) and 6 months of follow-up (P < 0.001), a longer time to the first lapse (P < 0.001), and a higher percentage of attendance days for treatment (P < 0.001) in comparison to NA groups. MICBT intervention was a significant positive predictor of several urge-specific coping strategies and several general strategies for drugs (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Using MICBT in group settings presents several benefits in clinical contexts.
On the Relations of Penicillium, Torula, and Bacterium
Authors: Huxley  
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The names Pénicillium, Torula, and Bacterium are applied to exceedingly humble things. That which the scientific man terms Pénicillium is popularly known as mould; Torula is the name given to yeast; whilst Bacterium is so minute that it has not attracted common attention, and hence has received no popular name. I propose to give a statement of what I imagine to he the relation of these three forms, from work which I have myself lately been carrying on; and I shall have to tell you of some very remarkable facts connected with their growth and development.
On the Artificial Production of some of the principal Organic Calcareous Formations
Authors: Harting  
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The following pages contain only an abridged report2 of a series of researches, undertaken with the view of producing, independently of living organisms, certain calcareous formations, which are met with in animals as integral parts of their skeleton, and this by causing calcium carbonate and phosphate to combine, in the nascent state, with organic substances.
Pakistani Ankylosing Spondylitis Cohort with modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (PAS-CVD) study
Authors: Wagan Abrar Ahmed , Surahyo Paras 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in the Pakistani cohort with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS).
Method: After IRB approval, a cross-sectional study was conducted among patients of AS, at the Department of Rheumatology Indus Medical College, Tando Mohammad Khan, from 15th March to 15th September, 2022. After obtaining demographic data, other parameters such as blood pressure (BP) and body mass index were recorded. In addition, a 5 ml blood sample was collected to assess their serum lipid profile, and fasting blood sugar levels. Using the laboratory data, the Framingham cardiovascular risk score was calculated for each patient and they were categorized into low, intermediate, or high-risk categories.
Results: Total 131 cases of ankylosing spondylitis: frequency of modifiable risk factors were: obesity (75.6%), high TG level (62.6%), high risk FRS score (40.5%), high LDL level (38.1%), low HDL (34.4%), hypertension (30.5%), diabetes mellitus (26.7%), high cholesterol level (17.6%), smoking (16%). In univariate analysis AS cases shows that increasing disease duration was associated with more risk of modifiable risk factors (p<0.05), on multivariate analysis, a positive association of age, diastolic blood pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, DMARDS, herbal medication-but not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In chronic AS there’s higher prevalence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, earlier recognition and effective management helps in prevention of future cardiovascular events.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7265
How to cite this: Wagan AA, Surahyo P. Pakistani Ankylosing Spondylitis Cohort with modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (PAS-CVD) study. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7265
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler combined with nasal high-flow nasal cannula on elderly patients with COPD and respiratory failure
Authors: Hu Feiyan , Lv Feijing 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler (BGF MDI) combined with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory failure.
Methods: The clinical records of 94 elderly patients with COPD and respiratory failure who were treated in Yongkang First People’s Hospital from February 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively selected. Among them, 46 patients received HFNC alone (Control-group) and 48 patients received HFNC combined with BGF MDI (Study-group). The treatment effect, arterial blood gas status, pulmonary function, and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score before and after treatment were analyzed in both groups.
Results: The total efficacy of treatment in the Study-group (95.8%) was higher than that in the Control-group (78.3%) (P<0.05). After treatment, the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2), residual volume, and APACHE II scores in the two groups decreased compared to those before treatment, with the Study-group lower overall. However, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), oxygen partial pressure (PaO2), the percentage of peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) as percent of predicted (%FEV1) were higher than before treatment, and higher in the Study-group (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Compared with HFNC alone, BGF MDI combined with HFNC can effectively regulate the arterial blood gas status of elderly patients with COPD and respiratory failure, restore pulmonary function, and improve the overall treatment effect.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8395
How to cite this: Hu F, Lv F. Effect of budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler combined with nasal high-flow nasal cannula on elderly patients with COPD and respiratory failure. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8395
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison of the efficacy of combining left bundle branch pacing with either sacubitril/valsartan or enalapril in the treatment of chronic heart failure: A retrospective observational analysis
Authors: Wang Shengping , Feng Yongsheng , Sun Xiangyang , Gou Hualiang , Guo Yong 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To assess the efficacy of left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) combined with either sacubitril/valsartan or enalapril in the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF).
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 138 patients with CHF admitted to Dazhou Central Hospital between June 2020 and June 2022 to extract clinical data. We divided the data into two treatment groups for the analysis: 71 patients received LBBP combined with sacubitril/valsartan treatment (sacubitril/valsartan group), and 67 received LBBP combined with enalapril treatment (enalapril group). The levels of cardiac and cardiopulmonary function indicators, levels of myocardial injury markers, and the scores of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) before and after the treatment were compared between the two groups.
Results: After six months of treatment, patients in the sacubitril/valsartan group had lower myocardial injury markers, higher cardiopulmonary function indicators, and lower MLHFQ scores (P<0.05).
Conclusions: In CHF patients, the combination of LBBP with sacubitril/valsartan had a better therapeutic effect compared to LBBP with enalapril, with more effective improvement of the cardiopulmonary function, reduction of myocardial injury, and improvement in quality of life.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8520
How to cite this: Wang S, Feng Y, Sun X, Gou H, Guo Y. Comparison of the efficacy of combining left bundle branch pacing with either sacubitril/valsartan or enalapril in the treatment of chronic heart failure: A retrospective observational analysis. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8520
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A young lady presenting with acute limb ischemia secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome and infective endocarditis
Authors: Muhammed Alia Ali , Shah Javeria 
Published: December 2023

We report a case of a 35 years old lady presenting with acute upper limb ischemia secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) and infective endocarditis (IE). It is rare for SLE/APLS to present with acute limb ischemia (ALI) as the initial manifestation. The patient presented with high grade fever along with pain and numbness in her right upper limb. On examination her right upper limb was cold to touch and the peripheral pulses were not palpable. There was also an audible pansystolic murmur in the mitral area. CT Angiography confirmed a complete occlusion of the right axillary artery while echocardiogram revealed severe mitral regurgitation with large vegetations on the mitral valve leaflets, suggesting infective endocarditis. After the patient’s clinical deterioration and considering the severity of the ischemic condition, additional investigations were conducted, which ultimately led to the diagnosis of SLE with APLS. Management included antibiotic therapy for IE and high dose of IV steroids and anticoagulants for SLE/APLS, to which she responded well. This case emphasizes the significance of conducting a comprehensive evaluation of all possible causes of acute limb ischemia, while considering the patient’s medical history and physical examination findings.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8736
How to cite this: Muhammad AA, Shah J. A young lady presenting with acute limb ischemia secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome and infective endocarditis. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8736
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A predictive model of nosocomial infection in patients with upper urinary tract stones after flexible ureterorenoscopy with laser lithotripsy: A retrospective study
Authors: Xu Yanqiu , Xu Ping 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To construct a predictive model of nosocomial infection in patients with upper urinary tract (UUT) stones after flexible ureterorenoscopy with laser lithotripsy (FURSLL).
Methods: Medical records of 196 patients with UUT stones who underwent FURSLL in Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from December 2019 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into infected group or uninfected group based on the presence of infection during postoperative hospitalization. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify risk factors of postoperative nosocomial infections. A nomogram prediction model was constructed using R software. The predictive ability of the model was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: A total of 54 patients (27.6%) developed nosocomial infections after FURSLL. Logistic regression analysis showed that older age, diabetes, preoperative urinary system infection, ureteral stricture, hydronephrosis, double J-stent retention time, and stone diameter were risk factors of nosocomial infection. The nomogram model was constructed based on these risk factors. The ROC showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.930 (95% CI: 0.890-0.970), and the sensitivity and specificity were 92.6% and 81.7%, respectively, indicating that the prediction model was effective.
Conclusions: Risk of nosocomial infection in patients with UUT stones after FURSLL is affected by older age, diabetes, preoperative urinary system infection, ureteral stenosis, hydronephrosis, double J-stent retention time, and stone diameter. The nomogram prediction model, constructed based on the above factors, has good predictive value.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8855
How to cite this: Xu Y, Xu P. A predictive model of nosocomial infection in patients with upper urinary tract stones after flexible ureterorenoscopy with laser lithotripsy: A retrospective study. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8855
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE FLEET OF TRACKLESS VEHICLES SERVING URBAN PASSENGER ROUTES BASED ON THE RESULTS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING
Authors: Rassokha Vladimir I. , Dryuchin Dmitry A. , Nadiryan Sofiya L. 
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes scientific works aimed at improving the efficiency of urban passenger transport systems, its results are presented. The importance of the structural parameters of the rolling stock as an element determining the quality and efficiency of the transport process is noted. In terms of the development of existing developments, a set of methods is proposed that allow mathematical modeling of passenger flows of urban passenger transport routes and indicators of the efficiency of servicing these routes by a fleet with specified structural parameters. Based on the simulation results, the areas of effective use of various types of transport and categories of vehicles are determined. The obtained data can be used as initial information in determining the optimal structural parameters of the fleet of vehicles serving urban passenger routes.
Purpose – improving the efficiency of the urban passenger transport complex on the basis of optimizing the structural parameters of the fleet of vehicles.
Methodology: during the research, the following methods were used: theory of technical operation of cars; methods of technical and economic analysis; theory of operational properties of cars; probability theory; methods of mathematical analysis; theory of management of socio-technical systems.
Results: a set of interrelated methods has been developed that allow to simulate passenger flows of urban passenger routes and determine key performance indicators for the operation of various modes of transport and categories of vehicles. The values of annual traffic volumes determining the areas of their effective application are determined.
Practical implications: research and practical activities in the field of organization of public transport services by urban passenger public transport.
APPLICATION OF THE SCENARIO APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS AND CONTROL OF RISKS IN THE OPERATION OF COMPLEX DYNAMIC SYSTEMS UNDER CONDITIONS OF INTERVAL UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Kalashnikov Pavel V. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The paper provides a description of the scenario approach to risk control in the operation of complex technical systems under conditions of uncertainty. The scenario is understood as the optimal control action on the system parameters, which allows minimizing the possible costs associated with the implementation of the corresponding risk event.
The aim of the study is to develop effective risk management methods for the operation of a complex dynamic system under conditions of uncertainty based on a scenario approach that makes it possible to implement the optimal control action on the parameters of an object in the event of a threat of an emergency.
Materials and methods. The article describes the application of the scenario method to the management of risks that arise during the operation of a complex dynamic system under conditions of interval uncertainty. This approach is based on the application of methods of interval analysis and the theory of situational management.
The scientific novelty of the implemented approach lies in the use of the interval analysis apparatus, which makes it possible to most correctly take into account the possible errors associated with measuring the values of the system parameters and apply the optimal control actions necessary for correction in the event that the permissible indicators go beyond the operability area.
Discussion and conclusion. The mathematical model of risk control developed in the course of the study carried out during the process of functioning of a complex technical system under conditions of interval uncertainty based on the scenario approach allows the selection of optimal control actions (scenarios) that allow minimizing possible errors and inaccuracies that arise due to deviation from the calculated nominal values.
IMPROVED ERROR LOGGING WHEN WORKING WITH THE SELENIUM MODULE IN PYTHON
Authors: Krapivin Roman R. , Khamidullin Marat R. 
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the method of logging (saving) errors resulting from the operation of the selenium module, in case of an unexpected or, conversely, an assumed error, save all data about it for future solutions to this error.
Purpose: development of a method for saving unexpected and expected errors that occur during the operation of the selenium module.
Method or methodology of work: the article is developing a module capable of saving the error text, where in the code it occurred, its time and the image of the browser page at the time of the error.
Result: the selenium error planning module has been developed.