bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular chaperone, HSP60, and cytochrome P450 2E1 co‐expression in dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sidorik L. , Kyyamova R. , Bobyk V. , Kapustian L. , Rozhko O. , Vigontina O. , Ryabenko D. , Danko I. , Maksymchuk O. , Kovalenko V.N. , Filonenko V.V. , Chaschin N.A. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractPhysiological stresses (heat, hemodynamics, genetic mutations, oxidative injury and myocardial ischemia) produce pathological states in which protein damage and misfolded protein structures are a common denominator. The specialized proteins family of antistress proteins—molecular chaperons (HSPs)—are responsible for correct protein folding, dissociating protein aggregates and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides to the target organelles for final packaging, degradation or repair. They are inducible at different cell processes such as cell division, apoptosis, signal transduction, cell differentiation and hormonal stimulation. HSPs are involved in numerous diseases including cardiovascular pathologies, revealing changes of expression and cell localization.We studied the possible changes in expression level of abundant mitochondrial chaperon Hsp60 and main human cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (2E1 isoform) at dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) progression at the end stage of heart failure using Western blot analysis. The ischemic and normal humans' hearts were studied as control samples.We observed the decrease of Hsp60 level in cytoplasmic fraction of DCM‐ and ischemia‐affected hearts' left ventricular and significant increase of Hsp60 in mitochondrial fractions of all hearts investigated. At the same time we detected the increase of P450 2E1 expression level in ischemic and dilated hearts' cytoplasmic fractions in comparison with normal myocardium and no detectable changes in microsomal fractions of hearts investigated which could be linked with increased level of oxidative injury for DCM heart muscle.In addition, all the changes described are accompanied by significant decrease of ATPase activity of myosin purified from DCM‐affected heart in comparison with normal and ischemic myocardia as well.The data obtained allow us to propose a working hypothesis of functional link between antistress (HSPs) and antioxidative (cytochromes) systems at DCM progression.
Cutaneous lesions associated with coronavirus-induced vasculitis in a cat with feline infectious peritonitis and concurrent feline immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: Cannon Martha J , Silkstone Malcolm A , Kipar Anja M 
Published: February 2005

This report describes a clinical case of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) with multisystemic involvement, including multiple nodular cutaneous lesions, in a cat that was co-infected with feline coronavirus and feline immunodeficiency virus. The skin lesions were caused by a pyogranulomatous-necrotising dermal phlebitis and periphlebitis. Immunohistology demonstrated the presence of coronavirus antigen in macrophages within these lesions. The pathogenesis of FIP involves a viral associated, disseminated phlebitis and periphlebitis which can arise at many sites. Target organs frequently include the eyes, abdominal organs, pleural and peritoneal membranes, and central nervous tissues, but cutaneous lesions have not previously been reported.
TIME AVERAGES FOR THE LAPLACE GROUP
Authors: Jackson Damian C. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe imaginary powers of the Laplace operator over the circle give a $C_0$ group of bounded linear operators on $\mathsf{L}_{\theta}^p(0,2\pi)$ ($1\ltp\lt\infty$). Whereas the group is unbounded on $\mathsf{L}^4$, this paper shows that the $\mathsf{L}^4$ long-time averages of each $f$ in $\mathsf{L}^2$ are bounded. This is a Fourier restriction phenomenon.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 42A15; 42B15
CLASSES OF OPERATOR-SMOOTH FUNCTIONS. I. OPERATOR-LIPSCHITZ FUNCTIONS
Authors: Kissin Edward , Shulman Victor S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractIn this paper we study the spaces of operator-Lipschitz functions and the spaces of functions closed to them: commutator bounded. Apart from the standard operator norm on $B(H)$, we consider a rich variety of symmetric operator norms and spaces of operator-Lipschitz functions with respect to these norms. Our approach is aimed at the investigation of the interrelation and hierarchy of these spaces and of the intrinsic properties of operator-Lipschitz functions.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 47A56. Secondary 47L20
RADIAL AND TANGENTIAL GROWTH OF CLOSE-TO-CONVEX FUNCTIONS
Authors: Twomey J. B. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSome results are presented relating to questions raised in a recent paper by Anderson, Hayman and Pommerenke regarding the size of the set of boundary points of the unit disc at which a univalent function has a prescribed radial growth.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 30C55
APPLICATIONS OF DIVERGENCE POINTS TO LOCAL DIMENSION FUNCTIONS OF SUBSETS OF $\mathbb{R}^{d}$
Authors: Olsen L. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractFor a subset $E\subseteq\mathbb{R}^{d}$ and $x\in\mathbb{R}^{d}$, the local Hausdorff dimension function of $E$ at $x$ is defined by$$ \mathrm{dim}_{\mathrm{loc}}(x,E)=\lim_{r\searrow0}\mathrm{dim}(E\cap B(x,r)), $$where ‘dim’ denotes the Hausdorff dimension. Using some of our earlier results on so-called multifractal divergence points we give a short proof of the following result: any continuous function $f:\mathbb{R}^{d}\to[0,d]$ is the local dimension function of some set $E\subseteq\mathbb{R}^{d}$. In fact, our result also provides information about the rate at which the dimension $\mathrm{dim}(E\cap B(x,r))$ converges to $f(x)$ as $r\searrow0$.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 28A80
DUALIZING MODULES AND n-PERFECT RINGS
Authors: Enochs Edgar E. , Jenda Overtoun M. G. , López-Ramos J. A. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractIn this article we extend the results about Gorenstein modules and Foxby duality to a non-commutative setting. This is done in §3 of the paper, where we characterize the Auslander and Bass classes which arise whenever we have a dualizing module associated with a pair of rings. In this situation it is known that flat modules have finite projective dimension. Since this property of a ring is of interest in its own right, we devote §2 of the paper to a consideration of such rings. Finally, in the paper’s final section, we consider a natural generalization of the notions of Gorenstein modules which arises when we are in the situation of §3, i.e. when we have a dualizing module.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 16D20
WHEN IS A UNIT LOOP f-UNITARY?
Authors: Goodaire Edgar G. , Polcino Milies César 
Published: February 2005

AbstractLet $L$ be an RA loop, that is, a loop whose loop ring in any characteristic is an alternative, but not associative, ring. Let $f:L\to\{\pm1\}$ be a homomorphism and, for $\alpha=\sum\alpha_\ell\ell\in\mathbb{Z}L$, define $\alpha^f=\sum f(\ell)\alpha_\ell\ell^{-1}$. Call $\alpha$ f-unitary if $\alpha^f=\alpha^{-1}$ or $\alpha^f=-\alpha^{-1}$. In this paper, we identify the RA loops $L$ with the property that all units in $\mathbb{Z}L$ are $f$-unitary. Along the way, we extend a famous theorem of Higman to a case still undecided in group rings.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 20N05. Secondary 17D05; 16S34; 16U60
JACOBIAN IDEALS AND THE NEWTON NON-DEGENERACY CONDITION
Authors: Bivià-Ausina Carles 
Published: February 2005

AbstractIn this paper we extract some conclusions about Newton non-degenerate ideals and the computation of Łojasiewicz exponents relative to this kind of ideal. This motivates us to study the Newton non-degeneracy condition on the Jacobian ideal of a given analytic function germ $f:(\mathbb{C}^n,0)\to(\mathbb{C},0)$. In particular, we establish a connection between Newton non-degenerate functions and functions whose Jacobian ideal is Newton non-degenerate.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 32S05. Secondary 57R45
SOLUTIONS FOR DOUBLY RESONANT NONLINEAR NON-SMOOTH PERIODIC PROBLEMS
Authors: Kyritsi Sophia Th. , Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe study a nonlinear second-order periodic problem driven by the scalar $p$-Laplacian with a non-smooth potential. We consider the so-called doubly resonant situation allowing complete interaction (resonance) with both ends of the spectral interval. Using variational methods based on the non-smooth critical-point theory for locally Lipschitz functions and an abstract minimax principle concerning linking sets we establish the solvability of the problem.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 34B15; 34C25
FREDHOLM AND PROPERNESS PROPERTIES OF QUASILINEAR ELLIPTIC SYSTEMS OF SECOND ORDER
Authors: Gebran Hicham G. , Stuart Charles A. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractFor a large class of subsets $\varOmega\subset\mathbb{R}^{N}$ (including unbounded domains), we discuss the Fredholm and properness properties of second-order quasilinear elliptic operators viewed as mappings from $W^{2,p}(\varOmega;\mathbb{R}^{m})$ to $L^{p}(\varOmega;\mathbb{R}^{m})$ with $N\ltp\lt\infty$ and $m\geq1$. These operators arise in the study of elliptic systems of $m$ equations on $\varOmega$. A study in the case of a single equation ($m=1$) on $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ was carried out by Rabier and Stuart.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 35J45; 35J60. Secondary 47A53; 47F05
MULTIPLICATIVELY SPECTRUM-PRESERVING MAPS OF FUNCTION ALGEBRAS. II
Authors: Rao N. V. , Roy A. K. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractLet $\mathcal{A}$ be a closed, point-separating sub-algebra of $C_0(X)$, where $X$ is a locally compact Hausdorff space. Assume that $X$ is the maximal ideal space of $\mathcal{A}$. If $f\in\mathcal{A}$, the set $f(X)\cup\{0\}$ is denoted by $\sigma(f)$. After characterizing the points of the Choquet boundary as strong boundary points, we use this equivalence to provide a natural extension of the theorem in [10], which, in turn, was inspired by the main result in [6], by proving the ‘Main Theorem’: if $\varPhi:\mathcal{A}\rightarrow\mathcal{A}$ is a surjective map with the property that $\sigma(fg)=\sigma(\varPhi(f)\varPhi(g))$ for every pair of functions $f,g\in\mathcal{A}$, then there is an onto homeomorphism $\varLambda:X\rightarrow X$ and a signum function $\epsilon(x)$ on $X$ such that$$ \varPhi(f)(\varLambda(x))=\epsilon(x)f(x) $$for all $x\in X$ and $f\in\mathcal{A}$.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 46J10; 46J20
CRITICAL EXPONENTS FOR A REACTION–DIFFUSION MODEL WITH ABSORPTIONS AND COUPLED BOUNDARY FLUX
Authors: Zheng Sining , Li Fengjie 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThis paper deals with a reaction–diffusion model with inner absorptions and coupled nonlinear boundary conditions of exponential type. The critical exponents are described via a pair of parameters that satisfy a certain matrix equation containing all the six nonlinear exponents of the system. Whether the solutions blow up or not is determined by the signs of the two parameters. A more precise analysis, depending on the geometry of $\varOmega$ and the absorption coefficients, is proposed for the critical sign of the parameters.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 35K55; 35B33
Ethnic Diversity and Territorial Integrity of Iran: Domestic Harmony and Regional Challenges
Authors: Atabaki Touraj 
Published: February 2005

This study aims to address concerns over Iranian territorial integrity with respect to ethnic identity by examining three interrelated points of:Center and periphery in Iran.Territorial attachment and the political borders.Ethnic identity and social mobility.
Finally I shall discuss the challenges Iran has been facing throughout the twentieth-century on maintaining her territorial integrity.
Human Resources in Iran: Potentials and Challenges
Authors: Salehi-Isfahani Djavad 
Published: February 2005

Critics of economic development strategies followed by most Middle Eastern countries often point to their lagging human development indicators as a sign of failure. While it is true that the growth performance of these countries has been generally quite poor since the 1980s—only Sub-Saharan Africa has had a worse experience—it is not true that they have failed to expand education. In fact, the rate of growth of years of schooling in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has been the fastest of any region in the last forty years.The difficulty for economic growth appears to lie in translating this rising education into rising productivity. Doing so is not just a matter of restoring growth, though that is an essential task, but to alleviate acute social pressures arising from youth unemployment fuelled by rapid population growth. For quite a while these employment problems were solved by accumulation of physical capital bought with oil. With that option no longer viable, solutions for human resource problems must be found elsewhere, particularly in the markets for labor and human capital.
International space station mechanism contact simulation
Authors: Favero Jan P. 
Published: February 2005

PurposeTo provide an overview of how the solid‐to‐solid contact force equation in MSC.ADAMS can be used to reduce contact model development, minimize the probability of introducing an error and reduce simulation run time by citing the example of the International Space Station (ISS).Design/methodology/approach – In early 2000, a redesign of the ISS required a more thorough representation of the contacting geometry. The MSC.ADAMS solid to solid contact force statement became available in time to solve this problem. This allowed simulation of the segment to segment attachment, including various combinations of contact feature misalignment.Findings – A structural failure of a “Zip” nut during qualification testing resulted in a NASA request for a force balance on the nut housing, internal nut segments and bolt. Using MSC.ADAMS solid to solid contact simulation, the desired force balance was obtained. The analysis showed the coarse guide to fine guide handoff did not bind and fine guide seating engaged, allowing the four motorized bolts to connect the segment‐to‐segment interface.Originality/value – MSC.ADAMS solid to solid contact algorithms decreased simulation time, allowing this very complicated contact problem to be completed in less than 30 min. Using CAD model solid geometry greatly reduced model development time. Solid to solid contact simulation eliminated the need for tedious derivation vector algebra contact equations and greatly advanced the level of geometric complexity that could be modeled as contacting interfaces. This also minimizes the probably of errors.
Feedforward neural network based non‐linear dynamic modelling of a TRMS using RPROP algorithm
Authors: Hasan Shaheed M. 
Published: February 2005

PurposeTo develop a non‐linear modelling technique for modern air vehicles with an application to a twin rotor multi‐input‐multi‐output system (TRMS) which resembles the dynamics of a helicopter to a certain extent and presents formidable control challenges.Design/methodology/approach – A Non‐linear AutoRegressive process with eXternal input (NARX) approach with a feedforward neural work and a resilient propagation (RPROP) algorithm is used to model the system. The RPROP algorithm possesses direct weight update capability without considering the size of the partial derivative. The obtained model is shown to be adequate by carrying out convincing tests such as correlations, cross‐validations and prediction based on predicted output and, therefore, is deemed to be reliable.Findings – It is shown that the combination of the feedforward neural networks and RPROP algorithms is very useful and effective in modelling systems with high non‐linearity and other complex characteristics. It is always important to attain a model with minimum number of neurons in different layers of the network by overcoming the possibility of getting stuck in the shallow local minimum of error function by using RPROP algorithm.Research limitations/implications – The system is modelled off‐line. On‐line modelling will be required for real‐time control purpose.Practical implications – The non‐linear modelling approach presented in this study is shown to be appropriately applicable to model new generations' air vehicles and other complex mechatronic systems such as TRMS. So, the approach will be appealing to industrial applications.Originality/value – This paper addresses the problems of modelling modern sophisticated non‐linear systems with complex characteristics and uncertain dynamics.
Investigation of a 3D non‐contact measurement based blade repair integration system
Authors: Gao Jian , Folkes Janet , Yilmaz Oguzhan , Gindy Nabil 
Published: February 2005

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to provide an economically viable solution for the blade repair process. There is a continual increase in the repair market, which requires an increased level of specialised technology to reduce the repair cost and to increase productivity of the process.Design/methodology/approach – This paper introduces the aerospace component defects to be repaired. Current repair technologies including building‐up and machining technology are reviewed. Through the analysis of these available technologies, this paper proposes an integrated repair strategy through information integration and processes concentration.Findings – Provides detailed description and discussion for the repair system, including 3D digitising system, repair inspection, reverse engineering‐based polygonal modelling, and adaptive laser cladding and adaptive machining process.Originality/value – This paper describes a 3D non‐contact measurement‐based repair integration system, and provides a solution to create an individual blade‐oriented nominal model to achieve adaptive repair process (laser cladding/machining) and automated inspection.
Analyses on ducted tail rotor and airfoil aerodynamic characteristics with CFD
Authors: Cao Yihua , Chen Ke , Wang Jian 
Published: February 2005

PurposeTo establish a method for the calculations in the field of rotor aerodynamics.Design/methodology/approach – The calculations of the lift‐drag characteristics of OAF and NACA63A312 airfoils at low speed are made using Jameson/TVD mixed scheme. By means of finite volume approach for numerical discretization and Runge‐Kutta time‐stepping advance, Euler/Navier‐Stokes equations are solved. Furthermore, a model based on circular tiny segment momentum theory and blade element theory is established to study the thrust and power of ducted tail rotor.Findings – The results of the calculation demonstrate the feasibility of the established method for analyzing ducted tail rotor aerodynamic characteristics.Research limitations/implications – Although the global thrust and power of ducted tail‐rotor could be obtained using current method, the exact flow filed (such as shroud pressure field and the flow over fan blade) calculations still rely on the complex three‐dimensional CFD technique that should be studied in future.Practical implications – A very useful method for the preliminary design of the ducted tail rotor.Originality/value – By comparing the calculated results with those of relevant experiment, it is proved that the method developed here is suitable for the calculations in the field of rotor aerodynamics.
N‐heterocyclic amines and derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for iron in perchloric acid
Authors: Babić‐Samardžija K. , Khaled K.F. , Hackerman N. 
Published: February 2005

PurposeWork reported in the present paper investigated the inhibiting properties of a number of N‐heterocyclic amines in 0.1 mol/l HClO4. An attempt also was made to correlate some molecular parameters of these compounds with their corrosion inhibitor efficiency.Design/methodology/approachThe test series included piperidine (pip), 2‐methylpiperidine (2mp), 3‐methylpiperidine (3mp), cis‐2,6‐dimethylpiperidine (26dp), 3,5‐dimethylpiperidine (35dp), 3‐hydroxy piperidine (3hp), 4‐hydroxypiperidine (4hp), 4‐aminopiperidine (4ap), piperazine (pz), 2‐methylpiperazine (2mpz) and cis‐2,6‐dimethylpiperazine (26dpz). The inhibiting effect was investigated in 0.1& mol/L HClO4 by potentiodynamic polarization (DC) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).FindingsThe results show that these compounds suppressed both cathodic and anodic processes of iron corrosion in 0.1 mol/l HClO4 by adsorption on the surface, which followed a Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Experimental observations indicated that basic piperidine and piperazine were better corrosion inhibitors than were their derivatives. The inhibition properties of N‐heterocyclic amines were found to be related to the charge on the nitrogen atom and the sum of the net charge of the all six atoms from the cyclic ring.Originality/valueThis paper provides useful information relative to corrosion inhibition efficiency of the group of N‐heterocyclic amines. It is concerned with a theoretical explanation between electronic and structural characteristics of these compounds and their inhibitor efficiency.
The effect of zinc‐to‐HEDP molar ratio on the effectiveness of zinc‐1, hydroxyethylidene‐1,1 diphosphonic acid in inhibiting corrosion of carbon steel in neutral solutions
Authors: Awad Hayam S. 
Published: February 2005

PurposeThe aim of the present work was to study the synergistic effect of HEDP and zinc on inhibition of the corrosion of carbon steel in neutral oxygen‐containing chloride solutions, and to investigate the effect of zinc‐HEDP molar ratio on the effectiveness of the zinc‐HEDP inhibitive mixtures.Design/methodology/approachThe inhibition of the corrosion of carbon steel by zinc‐HEDP mixtures in neutral oxygen‐containing solutions was investigated in the presence of 0.003 M (106 ppm) chloride.FindingsIt was shown that the inhibition by these mixtures depended not only on the zinc/HEDP molar ratio but also on the concentration of both zinc and HEDP. HEDP concentration appeared to be crucial where good inhibition was not achieved at low concentrations and aggressive nature is observed at high HEDP levels. The effectiveness of the zinc‐HEDP mixtures enhanced inhibition by increasing the zinc content of the mixture, but the mechanism was only effective to a certain level, above which the inhibition effect declined. The predominant corrosion control mechanism of the zinc‐HEDP mixture was on the anodic (metal dissolution) reaction, but it also affected the rate and mechanism of the oxygen reduction reaction.Originality/valueDemonstrates how the effectiveness of the zinc‐HEDP mixtures can enhance inhibition by increasing the zinc content of the mixture.