bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GaN based DC-DC converters for high energy physics applications
Authors: Pradas A. , Plumed G. , Arcusa A. , Echeverria I. , Galindo J. , Iglesias M. , Rivetta C. , Arteche F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a prototype of a GaN-FET based 200 W DC-DC converter. Its design has been carried out to evaluate power density (or power dissipation and volume) and ensure minimal electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues that are commonly associated with the high switching frequency converters. To achieve this ANSYS HFSS-SiWave models have been developed to assess noise emissions based on the parasitic elements of PCB layout. Prototypes performance have been evaluated through extensive testing. This work offers insight into the potential of this technology in future physics detectors.
Laser Thomson scattering measurements around magnetized model in rarefied argon arcjet plume
Authors: Katsurayama H. , Wada R. , Moriyama K. , Tomita K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To elucidate the role of the Hall effect in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) aerobraking in
rarefied flows,we measured the radial distributions of electron temperature and density in front
of a magnetized model in a rarefied argon arcjet wind tunnel using the laser Thomson scattering
method. We also developed a water-cooled magnetized model to prevent thermal demagnetization
during the measurement. The measured electron density
distributions were in
excellent agreement
with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions. It was also found that the magnetic field had
little effect on the electron density distribution around the model. In the case without the
magnetic field, the measured electron temperature almost agreed with the CFD prediction. However,
the measured electron temperature increase caused by applying the
magnetic field was about
1,000 K less than that of the CFD prediction. This discrepancy indicates that the location of
an insulating boundary in the plasma is far from the model.
The decimation scheme for symmetric matrix factorization
Authors: Camilli Francesco , Mézard Marc 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Matrix factorization is an inference problem that has acquired importance due to its vast range of applications that go from dictionary learning to recommendation systems and machine learning with deep networks. The study of its fundamental statistical limits represents a true challenge, and despite a decade-long history of efforts in the community, there is still no closed formula able to describe its optimal performances in the case where the rank of the matrix scales linearly with its size. In the present paper, we study this extensive rank problem, extending the alternative ‘decimation’ procedure that was recently introduced by Camilli and Mézard, and carry out a thorough study of its performance. Decimation aims at recovering one column/line of the factors at a time, by mapping the problem into a sequence of neural network models of associative memory at a tunable temperature. The main advantage of decimation is that its theoretical performance can be studied using statistical physics techniques. In this paper we provide the general analysis applying to a large class of compactly supported priors and we show that the replica symmetric free entropy of the neural network models takes a universal form in the low temperature limit. We then study the decimation phase diagrams in two concrete cases, the sparse Ising prior and the uniform prior, for which we show that matrix factorization is theoretically possible when the ration

P

/

N

of rank to variable is below a certain threshold. This suggest that a possible route to solving algorithmically the matrix factorization problem could be to find efficient decimation algorithms; in this respect, we show that simple simulated annealing, though being effective for limited signal sizes, is not scalable.
Application of MEMS technology in the system monitoring parameters of powered roof support’s operation
Authors: Trzop K 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The use of innovative technologies in hard coal production directs the development of the whole industry. The pace of environmental and social changes generates the need for continuous improvement of the coal mining process. Technological solutions of other industries that are used on a large scale are often implemented in extracting hard coal. One of the critical areas requiring continuous improvement in coal production is the machine park. This area is the most essential part of the entire production process. Machines and equipment require constant monitoring to ensure production continuity. A solution that covers this issue is the measuring and recording system that monitors the geometric parameters of the powered roof support. The system uses MEMS technologies to measure changes in the inclination of the powered roof support’s elements. The measuring system allows us to define the height and inclination of the powered roof support in the mining wall. The paper presents how the MEMS technology is used in sensors and the course of bench tests of the powered roof support, which were one of the stages determining the guidelines for the system’s operation in real conditions.
A case study of petrophysical prediction using machine learning integrated with interval inversion in a tight sand reservoir in Egypt
Authors: Abdelrahman M M G , Szabó N P 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study presents a new algorithm for reservoir characterization using borehole logging data, which integrates unsupervised machine learning techniques and interval inversion to automatically determine layers’ boundaries and petrophysical parameters. The research aims to reduce the time and manual input required for borehole inversion to estimate petrophysical parameters. The algorithm was used to predict different layer boundaries of sand-shale intercalations for both synthetic and field wireline log data. Field well logging measurements were obtained from an oil and gas field in Egypt, specifically the Jurassic reservoir. The reservoir is composed of a dense sandstone layer with significant heterogeneity due to diagenesis, which converts kaolinite into illite. The algorithm was used to predict petrophysical parameters, resulting in a decrease in porosity and permeability. The field data from the well reveals that the reservoir is made up of varying-quality sandstone, impacting storage capacity and hydrocarbon saturation. The algorithm demonstrates consistent convergence of the data at 7.5%. Overall, the integration of the new cluster technique and interval inversion can improve the time-intensive and laborious process of borehole data inversion to estimate petrophysical parameters.
An experimental study of tensile stress and deformation in an anisotropic rock
Authors: Alencar A , Muñiz-Menéndez M , Pérez-Rey I , Galindo R 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Anisotropy is a very common condition in rock mass; it can be due to different factors and directly affects the failure mechanisms affecting the rock mass. For example, metamorphic rocks that are foliated, sedimentary rocks that are stratified or volcanic formations with alternating layers. Despite the existence of several studies related to anisotropy those specifically addressing the tensile strength of anisotropic rocks are quite limited. The present study is focused on the determination of the deformability, compressive and tensile strength of anisotropic rocks. It must be highlighted that the mechanical behavior of the anisotropic rock mass is dependent on the angle between the inclination of planes of weakness (e.g. foliation) and the direction of the load. Assuming a vertical load, the two extremes of tensile strength are 0°(horizontal) and 90° (vertical). A series of laboratory tests has been done in anisotropic sandstone (lithic arkose), from Burgos (Spain), including uniaxial compressive strength tests, direct tensile strength tests, and diametric compression (Brazilian tests). The tests were carried out with strain gauges that allowed estimating the elastic modulus. To determine the anisotropic direction, ultrasonic pulse wave velocity tests were also performed. The variation of strength and deformability as a function of anisotropy is analyzed, as well as the variation of elastic behavior in tensile and compressive.
Proposal for a new Green Red Water Index for geo-environmental surface water monitoring
Authors: Pawlik Marcin , Rudolph Tobias , Bernsdorf Bodo , Benndorf Jörg 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
One of challenges of today’s world is the long-term geo-monitoring of phenomena and processes that affect our environment after the closure of mining activities. Water resources are one of the components affected by post-mining processes. Moreover, land subsidence can be observed both during and after the cessation of mining activities. This phenomenon has an impact on the entire water management of a region. So far, radar or multispectral images have been used to identify water surfaces. This paper will present a methodology for using drones to detect water surfaces using vegetation indices such as NDVI, GRNDVI and NDWI. During their research, the authors modified the GRNDVI indicator by including the Red Edge band in the calculations. The newly developed Green Red Water Index – GRWI, makes it possible to identify water surfaces. This is important, because the change of water conditions makes it important focus more on the water supply and availability. However, analysis of the spectral bands of the different land-use classes in the Ruhr study area shown that the spectral profiles for water, soils, road and street surfaces have similar spectral characteristics and therefore difficulties may arise in distinguishing between the land-use classes shown. In this article a comparison of the indicators will be presented: NDVI, GRNDVI, NDWI and GRWI together with their statistical interpretation.
Boundedness and compactness of Hausdorff operators on Fock spaces
Authors: Blasco Óscar , Galbis Antonio 
Published: January 2024

We obtain a complete characterization of the bounded Hausdorff operators acting on a Fock space

F
α
p

F^p_\alpha

and taking its values into a larger one

F
α
q

,

0
>
p
≤
q
≤
∞

F^q_\alpha ,\ 0 > p \leq q \leq \infty

, as well as some necessary or sufficient conditions for a Hausdorff operator to transform a Fock space into a smaller one. Some results are written in the context of mixed norm Fock spaces. Also the compactness of Hausdorff operators on a Fock space is characterized. The compactness result for Hausdorff operators on the Fock space

F
α
∞

F^\infty _\alpha

is extended to more general Banach spaces of entire functions with weighted sup norms defined in terms of a radial weight and conditions for the Hausdorff operators to become

p
p

-summing are also included.
Further accelerating biologics development from DNA to IND: the journey from COVID-19 to non-COVID-19 programs
Authors: Tan Kee Wee , Ji Pengfei , Zhou Hang , Zhang Sam , Zhou Weichang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has spurred adoption of revolutionary initiatives by regulatory agencies and pharmaceutical industry worldwide to deliver therapeutic COVID-19 antibodies to patients at unprecedented speed. Among these, timeline of chemistry, manufacturing and control (CMC), which involves process development and manufacturing activities critical for the assurance of product quality and consistency before first-in-human clinical trials, was greatly reduced from typically 12–15 months (using clonal materials) to approximately 3 months (using non-clonal materials) in multiple cases. In this perspective, we briefly review the acceleration approaches published for therapeutic COVID-19 antibodies and subsequently discuss the applicability of these approaches to achieve investigational new drug (IND) timelines of ≤10 months in over 60 COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 programs performed at WuXi Biologics. We are of the view that, with demonstrated product quality and consistency, innovative approaches used for COVID-19 can be widely applied in all disease areas for greater speed to clinic.
1956 Audit on the prompt mobilisation of patients following hip arthroplasty
Authors: Hama B , Illsley A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Hip fractures are fractures involving the femoral head, neck or proximal shaft. They most often occur in frail, osteoporotic elderly patients following falls. Hip fractures are associated with a 30-day mortality rate of 10% and a 1-year mortality rate of approximately 30%. NICE and NHFD advise prompt mobilisation post-surgery - with patients being mobilised by the day after surgery at the latest: 1. Nice Guidelines Hip Fracture in Adults; Quality statement 6: Rehabilitation after surgery 2. NHFD KPI 4 – prompt mobilisation after surgery

Method
We carried out two audit cycles assessing the mobilisation rate of patients by the day after hip arthroplasty, at Bradford Royal Infirmary. In the first cycle, from 23 eligible patients, we found only 15 (65%) were mobilised within a day of surgery.

Results
These patients had a reduced length of stay compared to the patients not mobilised by the day after surgery (15.1 vs 18.1 days). As per our data, the reasons for delayed mobilisation included 1. pain (suggest early and regular analgesia), and 2. system miss (discussed with local physiotherapy team). After four months we reaudited. Of 23 eligible patients we found an improvement in patients being mobilised - 17 patients (74%) were mobilised within a day of surgery. Once again length of stay was less in the patients who had been mobilised (21.2 vs 29.7 days). Similar reasons for delayed mobilisation remained.

Conclusion
Our interventions improved the promptness of mobilisation in patients who had undergone hip arthroplasty. This led to a reduced duration of inpatient stay and better patient outcomes. Audit limitations included population size.
1940 Delirium in acute medicine inpatients - are we still missing it? Results from an 8-year audit in a District General Hospital
Authors: Van’t Hoff C , McColl A , Johnson D , Boncey K 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Improving delirium screening in hospital patients is a recognised important goal to improve patient outcomes, with consequences of delirium including increased mortality, falls, length of stay and dependence on discharge. We undertook a rolling audit over 8-years to examine the use of screening tools to identify delirium and how many cases of delirium were potentially missed in acute medical inpatients in a District General Hospital.

Methods
4 cycles of audit were completed over an 8-year period (2015–2023) through a snap-shot prospective review of all acute medical inpatients aged over 65 years during a 24-hour period. The medical records were examined for admission delirium screen and the delirium documentation within the first 48 hours. Where a diagnosis of delirium had not been made, the notes were reviewed to see if an inference of delirium during this period could be made.

Results
A total of 873 patient notes were reviewed between 2015–2023. The completion rate of screening for delirium increased to 87% in 2023 (2015/2017/2019=3%/13%/69%). Overall, the diagnosis of delirium that was explicitly stated in the notes (made via CAM/4AT or clinical assessment) similarly increased to 32% in 2023 (2015/2017/ 2019=10%/22%/12%). However, in the recent results a delirium diagnosis was potentially still missed in 10% of cases, though this similarly had improved from prior years (2015/2017/2019=18%/13%/26%). Overall, in hospital the number of patients &gt;65 admitted under the care of medicine with delirium in the initial 48 hours has remained constant since 2015 between 30%-42%.

Conclusions
A significant improvement in the screening for delirium has occurred between 2015 to 2023 due to multiple changes: electronic notes, pop-up notifications, obligatory completion and change from CAM to 4AT. Reassuringly, the potential missed cases of delirium have reduced also.
1957 Brushing up on oral health: Improving oral health practices in geriatric inpatients
Authors: Fernandes R , Ward C , Hope S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Poor oral health is linked to multiple health conditions, for example pneumonia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. Older people are particularly vulnerable to developing poor oral health due to comorbidities, medications used, and access to dental services, an effect magnified during hospital admissions. The aim of this project is to improve oral health and care received by inpatients on Healthcare for Older People (HfOP) wards.

Methods
A baseline audit of patient-response surveys on oral health access and behaviours, and care during hospital admissions was performed. HfOP inpatients aged &gt;75 with capacity to consent were included. Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles informed interventions, focusing on education of multidisciplinary staff. First round interventions included presenting/discussing initial audit findings at a regional HfOP meeting, and working with Oral Health Practitioners to do ward-based micro-teaching and develop/distribute posters raising awareness. Second round interventions included a more in-depth certified educational session available to all HfOP staff on oral health care and promotion, and posters on how to document oral health aspects on the electronic patient record.

Results
82% (82/100) patients reported being registered with a dentist, 50% attending a dentist in the last 12 months. Initially, only 17% (17/100) reported ward staff taking measures to ensure/help support their oral health, rising to 46% (46/50) in the second audit.

Conclusions
Though patient surveys may under-represent oral health access/issues by excluding people unable to consent, and may under-represent staff support offered/provided by recall bias, our audit did highlight gaps in staff awareness/practice. Our interventions were designed to benefit all inpatients, via opportunistic ward-based education through the audit process and formal educational sessions. Limitations included logistics of ensuring access to all staff groups. Our goal is to formalise oral health training in core MDT teaching to generate systemic lasting improvement.

Other information
Registered with local trust audit programme.
1846 A bespoke teaching programme for Hospital at Home improves staff confidence in the clinical management of HaH presentations
Authors: Haf M , Hawkes O 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Hospital at Home (HaH) provides high acuity clinical care for patients in the community. HaH teams are varied and multidisciplinary. A successful HaH service depends upon streamlined communication between multidisciplinary team (MDT) members, facilitated by an integrated knowledge base. Whilst training protocols are under development, there are currently no published teaching programmes for HaH. We responded to this unique challenge by devising a teaching programme for the HaH team at St John’s Hospital, Livingston.

Methods
We identified learning needs within our team with a preliminary survey. We conducted a literature review to select four competency resources which were mapped to five domains: clinical care; pharmacy; service design and delivery; anticipatory care planning and palliative care; and ethical and legal guidance. We formalised a weekly teaching session and linked teaching topics to the core competencies. We conducted a review at 3 months and 6 months to assess the impact of the programme on staff learning and clinical confidence.

Results
A tailored teaching programme with domains linked to multidisciplinary competencies increases staff confidence in the clinical management of common HaH presentations. Our bespoke programme has successfully delivered teaching that caters for multiple clinical backgrounds.

Conclusions
HaH teams represent an opportunity to learn from MDT colleagues with diverse training backgrounds and offer a unique challenge in tailoring teaching to multiple learning needs. A formal programme with clear, identifiable domains linked to learning objectives provides an essential framework for staff to demonstrate engagement with professional development, allows staff to develop personal teaching skills and cultures a strong collaborative learning environment. Going forward, we aim to evaluate the impact on staff competence and formalise a cyclical HaH curriculum for circulation to the NHS Lothian HaH teams with scope for wider dissemination.
1715 A Hospital at Home service working with care homes to triage acutely unwell patients
Authors: Adenwalla F , Davies A , Thomas L , Grimstead A , Jenkins R , Kelly S , Hopkins L , Britton A , O'Shea N 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The Acute clinical team (ACT) is a Hospital at Home (H@H) service and supports care homes to look after residents who are acutely unwell but residents were being inappropriately admitted instead of being referred to ACT. This was due to the lack of awareness among staff about ACT and GPs advising homes to call 999 due to their inability to see patients.

Method
ACT would phone all the care homes three times a week to ascertain if the care home had residents who were acutely unwell or not responding to treatment initiated by the GP. Residents who were identified would be triaged and either advice would be given or patient would be seen within 24 hours.

Results
The intervention took place from 20/03/23 to 30/04/23. Total number of referrals- 33. Average age- 87 years. 5/33 (15%) were given advice and 28/33 (85%) had face to face assessment. 29/33 remained at home. 4/33 were admitted 2 died. The 28/33 who received face to face assessments had received 106 GP consultations (most were virtual) within one month of referral equating to 3.7 consultations per patient. 8/28 patients had been discharged from hospital within 28 days of referral to ACT. ACT administered parenteral fluids 11/28 patients, Intravenous antibiotics 5/28, medication review with changes 14/28.

Conclusion