bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injectable Hydrogels with Integrated Ph Probes and Ultrasound‐Responsive Microcapsules as Smart Wound Dressings for Visual Monitoring and On‐Demand Treatment of Chronic Wounds
Authors: Huang Da , Du Jiahao , Luo Fang , He Gang , Zou Minglang , Wang Yongming , Lin Zhenyu , Wu Decheng , Weng Zuquan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydrogel dressings capable of infection monitoring and precise treatment administration show promise for advanced wound care. Existing methods involve embedd ingorganic dyes or flexible electronics into preformed hydrogels, which raise safety issues and adaptability challenges. In this study, an injectable hydrogel based smart wound dressing is developed by integrating food‐derived anthocyanidin as a visual pH probe for infection monitoring and poly(L‐lactic acid) microcapsules as ultrasound‐responsive delivery systems for antibiotics into a poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel. This straightforwardly prepared hydrogel dressing maintains its favorable properties for wound repair, including porous morphology and excellent biocompatibility. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the hydrogel enabled visual assessment of pH within the range of 5 ∼ 9.Meanwhile, the release of antibiotics could be triggered and controlled by ultrasound. In vivo evaluations using infected wounds and diabetic wounds revealed that the wound dressing effectively detected wound infection by monitoring pH levels and achieved antibacterial effects through ultrasound‐triggered drug release. This led to significantly enhanced wound healing, as validated by histological analysis and the measurement of inflammatory cytokine levels. This injectable hydrogel‐based smart wound dressing holds great potential for use in clinical settings to inform timely and precise clinical intervention and in community to improve wound care management.
Charge Carrier Induced Structural Ordering And Disordering in Organic Mixed Ionic Electronic Conductors
Authors: Quill Tyler J. , LeCroy Garrett , Marks Adam , Hesse Sarah A. , Thiburce Quentin , McCulloch Iain , Tassone Christopher J. , Takacs Christopher J. , Giovannitti Alexander , Salleo Alberto 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOperational stability underpins the successful application of organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductors (OMIECs) in a wide range of fields, including biosensing, neuromorphic computing, and wearable electronics. In this work, both the operation and stability of a p‐type OMIEC material of various molecular weights are investigated. Electrochemical transistor measurements reveal that device operation is very stable for at least 300 charging/discharging cycles independent of molecular weight, provided the charge density is kept below the threshold where strong charge–charge interactions become likely. When electrochemically charged to higher charge densities, an increase in device hysteresis and a decrease in conductivity due to a drop in the hole mobility arising from long‐range microstructural disruptions are observed. By employing operando X‐ray scattering techniques, two regimes of polaron‐induced structural changes are found: 1) polaron‐induced structural ordering at low carrier densities, and 2) irreversible structural disordering that disrupts charge transport at high carrier densities, where charge–charge interactions are significant. These operando measurements also reveal that the transfer curve hysteresis at high carrier densities is accompanied by an analogous structural hysteresis, providing a microstructural basis for such instabilities. This work provides a mechanistic understanding of the structural dynamics and material instabilities of OMIEC materials during device operation.
Bending and Stretching‐Insensitive, Crosstalk‐Free, Flexible Pressure Sensor Arrays for Human‐Machine Interactions
Authors: Yuan Yangbo , Xu Hongcheng , Zheng Weihao , Liu Min , Li Sixin , Yan Junyu , Wang Daren , Liu Ke , Zhang Haiyan , Chen Gang , Wang Weidong , Wu Guirong , Xue Chenyang , Cheng Huanyu , Gao Libo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccurate data acquisition from flexible sensors placed on deformable 3D freeform surfaces is of critical importance for many applications, such as wearable electronics, human‐machine interfaces, and soft robotics. However, the mechanical coupling between the sensor and the deformable subject surface to bending and stretching deformations can significantly reduce the accuracy of the acquired data. This study combines a polyimide (PI) micropore isolation layer (PIL) and serpentine electrodes with a flexible piezoresistive sensor to mitigate the issue of mechanical coupling. As a mechanical buffer to distribute the external pressure and reduce the strain concentration, the PIL can avoid the bending interference for bending curvature up to 256 m−1, while maintaining a high sensitivity of S > 21.5 kPa−1. The serpentine electrode design further allows the sensor to reliably acquire data in the presence of stretching up to 45% without cross‐talk. The versatility of the developed sensor is demonstrated in several human‐machine interaction scenarios, including gesture recognition and motion detection. The design strategies on materials and structures from this study can also be applied for the development of other flexible sensors with high sensitivity and low deformation interference to avoid the mechanical coupling between the sensor and the deformable surface.
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Difluoromethylation/Cyclization of 1‐Acryloyl‐2‐cyanoindole for Construction of Difluoromethylated Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indolediones
Authors: Qu Hongzhao , Yuan Jinwei , Feng Zhendong , Guo Na , Yin Yanli , Yang Liangru , Xiao Yongmei , Qu Lingbo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA visible‐light‐promoted cascade difluoromethylation/cyclization reaction to access various difluoromethylated pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indolediones was developed using difluoromethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide salt as the difluoromethylating reagent. A possible radical mechanism has been investigated and proven as a	single electron transfer (SET) procedure.
Inhibition of NFAT5‐Dependent Astrocyte Swelling Alleviates Neuropathic Pain
Authors: He Liqiong , Ma Shengyun , Ding Zijin , Huang Zhifeng , Zhang Yu , Xi Caiyun , Zou Kailu , Deng Qingwei , Huang Wendy Jia Men , Guo Qulian , Huang Changsheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAstrocyte swelling is implicated in various neurological disorders. However, whether astrocyte swelling contributes to neuropathic pain remains elusive. This study elucidates the pivotal role of the nuclear factor of activated T‐cells 5 (NFAT5) emerges as a master regulator of astrocyte swelling in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) during neuropathic pain. Despite the ubiquitous expression of NFAT5 protein in SDH cell types, it selectively induces swelling specifically in astrocytes, not in microglia. Mechanistically, NFAT5 directly controls the expression of the water channel aquaporin‐4 (AQP4), a key regulator exclusive to astrocytes. Additionally, aurora kinase B (AURKB) orchestrates NFAT5 phosphorylation, enhancing its protein stability and nuclear translocation, thereby regulating AQP4 expression. The findings establish NFAT5 as a crucial regulator for neuropathic pain through the modulation of astrocyte swelling. The AURKB‐NFAT5‐AQP4 pathway in astrocytes emerges as a potential therapeutic target to combat neuropathic pain.
De Novo Generation and Identification of Novel Compounds with Drug Efficacy Based on Machine Learning
Authors: He Dakuo , Liu Qing , Mi Yan , Meng Qingqi , Xu Libin , Hou Chunyu , Wang Jinpeng , Li Ning , Liu Yang , Chai Huifang , Yang Yanqiu , Liu Jingyu , Wang Lihui , Hou Yue 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOne of the main challenges in small molecule drug discovery is finding novel chemical compounds with desirable activity. Traditional drug development typically begins with target selection, but the correlation between targets and disease remains to be further investigated, and drugs designed based on targets may not always have the desired drug efficacy. The emergence of machine learning provides a powerful tool to overcome the challenge. Herein, a machine learning‐based strategy is developed for de novo generation of novel compounds with drug efficacy termed DTLS (Deep Transfer Learning‐based Strategy) by using dataset of disease‐direct‐related activity as input. DTLS is applied in two kinds of disease: colorectal cancer (CRC) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In each case, novel compound is discovered and identified in in vitro and in vivo disease models. Their mechanism of actionis further explored. The experimental results reveal that DTLS can not only realize the generation and identification of novel compounds with drug efficacy but also has the advantage of identifying compounds by focusing on protein targets to facilitate the mechanism study. This work highlights the significant impact of machine learning on the design of novel compounds with drug efficacy, which provides a powerful new approach to drug discovery.
Hepatic‐Accumulated Obeticholic Acid and Atorvastatin Self‐Assembled Nanocrystals Potentiate Ameliorative Effects in Treatment of Metabolic‐Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Lu Huanfen , Ban Zhenglan , Xiao Kai , Sun Madi , Liu Yongbo , Chen Fangman , Shi Tongfei , Chen Li , Shao Dan , Zhang Ming , Li Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExploration of medicines for efficient and safe management of metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remains a challenge. Obeticholic acid (OCA), a selective farnesoid X receptor agonist, has been reported to ameliorate injury and inflammation in various liver diseases. However, its clinical application is mainly limited by poor solubility, low bioavailability, and potential side effects. Herein a hepatic‐targeted nanodrugs composed of OCA and cholesterol‐lowering atorvastatin (AHT) with an ideal active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content for orally combined treatment of MAFLD is created. Such carrier‐free nanocrystals (OCAHTs) are self‐assembled, not only improving the stability in gastroenteric environments but also achieving hepatic accumulation through the bile acid transporter‐mediated enterohepatic recycling process. Orally administrated OCAHT outperforms the simple combination of OCA and AHT in ameliorating of liver damage and inflammation in both acetaminophen‐challenged mice and high‐fat diet‐induced MAFLD mice with less systematic toxicity. Importantly, OCAHT exerts profoundly reverse effects on MAFLD‐associated molecular pathways, including impairing lipid metabolism, reducing inflammation, and enhancing the antioxidation response. This work not only provides a facile bile acid transporter‐based strategy for hepatic‐targeting drug delivery but also presents an efficient and safe full‐API nanocrystal with which to facilitate the practical translation of nanomedicines against MAFLD.
Black Phosphorene with Removable Aluminum Ion Protection for Enhanced Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Lai Jinhua , Liu Honghong , Ding Liang‐Xin , Wang Junjie , Chen Gao‐Feng , Wang Haihui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe exceptional electronic properties and potential applications of black phosphorus (BP) have garnered significant interest in the fields of electrochemical catalysis and energy storage. However, its poor environmental stability severely hampers its practical use. In this study, an innovative strategy is proposed to protect fresh black phosphorene (BPene) against oxidation by adsorbing or weakly bonding aluminum ions (Al3+) onto its surface, while facilitating their self‐removal under operating conditions. By leveraging Al3+‐protected black phosphorene (Al‐BPene) as a catalyst for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrogen to ammonia (NH3), the effectiveness of this removable Al3+‐protected strategy is demonstrated. Quantitative analysis reveals that Al‐BPene maintains structural and compositional stability for over 7 days under ambient conditions, while the Al3+ can be readily eliminated through self‐desorption or dissolution in the electrolyte. With highly active sites pre‐protected, Al‐BPene exhibits a striking NH3 yield rate of 55.1 µg h−1 mg cat−1 and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 66.5% in alkaline media, as exemplified by the representative application example. Moreover, it is found that the prepared Al‐BPene can tolerate a thermal environment, and a higher NH3 yield rate of 75 µg h−1 mg cat−1 at 60 °C is recorded. Undoubtedly, these findings pave the way for broader applications of BPene.
Synergistic Crystallization Kinetics Modulation and Deep/Shallow Level Defect Passivation via an Organometallic Cobaltocenium Salt Toward High‐Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Pu Xingyu , Cao Qi , He Xilai , Su Jie , Wang Weiwei , Zhang Xue , Wang Dapeng , Zhang Yixin , Yang Jiabao , Wang Tong , Chen Hui , Jiang Long , Yan Yi , Chen Xingyuan , Li Xuanhua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNumerous deep/shallow level defects generated at the surface/grain boundaries of perovskite during uncontrollable crystallization pose a formidable challenge to the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, an organometallic cobaltocenium salt additive, 1‐propanol‐2‐(1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl) cobaltocenium hexafluorophosphate (PTCoPF6), is incorporated into the perovskite precursor solution to regulate crystallization and minimize holistic defects for high‐performance inverted PSCs. The cobaltocenium cations and PF6− in PTCoPF6 stabilize the Pb‐I framework and repair the shallow‐level defects of positively and negatively charged vacancies in the perovskite. The N═N in the triazole ring of PTCoPF6 can passivate the deep‐level defects of uncoordinated lead. The interaction between PTCoPF6 and perovskite materials delays perovskite nucleation and crystal growth, ensuring high‐quality perovskite with large grains, and suppressing non‐radiative recombination and ion migration. Therefore, the PTCoPF6‐incorporated PSC achieves an impressive power conversion efficiency of 25.03% and outstanding long‐term stability. Unencapsulated and encapsulated PTCoPF6‐incorporated PSCs maintain 93% and 95% of their initial efficiencies under 85 °C storage in a nitrogen atmosphere for 1000 h and maximum power point tracking for nearly 1000 h, respectively. Synergistic crystallization kinetic modulation and deep/shallow level defect passivation with ionized metal‐organic complex additives will become prevalent methods to improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs.
25‐Year fatal workplace suicide trends in North Carolina: 1992–2017
Authors: Martin Chelsea L. , Richey Morgan , Richardson David B. , Nocera Maryalice , Cantrell John , McClure Elizabeth S. , Martin Amelia T. , Marshall Stephen W. , Ranapurwala Shabbar I. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundSuicide is a serious public health problem in the United States, but limited evidence is available investigating fatal suicides at work. There is a substantial need to characterize workplace suicides to inform suicide prevention interventions and target high‐risk settings. This study aims to examine workplace suicide rates in North Carolina (NC) by worker characteristics, means of suicide used, and industry between 1992 and 2017.MethodsFatal workplace suicides were identified from records of the NC Office of the Chief Medical Examiner system and the NC death certificate. Sex, age, race, ethnicity, class of worker, manner of death, and industry were abstracted. Crude and age‐standardized homicide rates were calculated as the number of suicides that occurred at work divided by an estimate of worker‐years (w‐y). Rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and trends over calendar time for fatal workplace suicides were examined overall and by industry.Results81 suicides over 109,464,430 w‐y were observed. Increased rates were observed in workers who were male, self‐employed, and 65+ years old. Firearms were the most common means of death (63%) followed by hanging (16%). Gas service station workers experienced the highest fatal occupational suicide rate, 11.5 times (95% CI: 3.62–36.33) the overall fatal workplace suicide rate, followed by Justice, Public Order, and Safety workers at 3.23 times the overall rate (95% CI: 1.31–7.97).ConclusionOur findings identify industries and worker demographics that were vulnerable to workplace suicides. Targeted and tailored mitigation strategies for vulnerable industries and workers are recommended.
The National Institutes of Health INvestigation of Co‐occurring conditions across the Lifespan to Understand Down syndromE (INCLUDE) Project: Accelerating research discoveries for people with Down syndrome across the lifespan
Authors: Bardhan Sujata , Li Huiqing , Tarver Erika , Schramm Charlene , Brown Marishka , Garcia Linda , Schwartz Bryanna , Mazzucco Anna , Natarajan Nikila , Walsh Elizabeth , Ryan Laurie , Pearson Gail , Parisi Melissa A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe National Institutes of Health (NIH) has a long‐standing history of support for research in Down syndrome (DS). In response to a 2018 congressional directive for a trans‐NIH initiative to address medical issues in DS, NIH launched the INCLUDE Project (INvestigation of Co‐occurring conditions across the Lifespan to Understand Down syndromE). Reflecting the three INCLUDE components of basic science research, cohort development, and clinical trials, the Project has published funding opportunities to address conditions such as immune disorders and Alzheimer's disease. Due to a steady expansion in dedicated funding over its first 5 years, INCLUDE has invested $258 M in over 250 new research projects. INCLUDE also supports training initiatives to expand the number and diversity of investigators studying DS. NIH has funded an INCLUDE Data Coordinating Center that is collecting de‐identified clinical information and multi‐omics data from research participants for broad data sharing and secondary analyses. Through the DS‐Connect® registry, INCLUDE investigators can access recruitment support. The INCLUDE Research Plan articulates research goals for the program, with an emphasis on diversity of research participants and investigators. Finally, a new Cohort Development Program is poised to increase the impact of the INCLUDE Project by recruiting a large DS cohort across the lifespan.
Mentorship and professional growth for conservationists in primate‐range countries
Authors: Atsalis Sylvia , Gravenberch Marlene , Norconk Marilyn A. 
Published: January 2024

Highlights

By providing mentorship and by enhancing professional development skills, primatologists can help to build the professional capacity of emerging conservationists. Actions can be adjusted to specific cultural contexts and interwoven into teaching and research programs.
Sharing stories about pivotal career moments creates closer connections with mentees and helps to stimulate dialogue on issues of concern.
Experiential and networking opportunities assist to broaden the professional perspectives of students and young professionals poised for conservation leadership.
Male‐biased stone tool use by wild white‐faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus imitator)
Authors: Goldsborough Zoë , Crofoot Margaret C. , Barrett Brendan J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTool‐using primates often show sex differences in both the frequency and efficiency of tool use. In species with sex‐biased dispersal, such within‐group variation likely shapes patterns of cultural transmission of tool‐use traditions between groups. On the Panamanian islands of Jicarón and Coiba, a population of white‐faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus imitator)—some of which engage in habitual stone tool use—provide an opportunity to test hypotheses about why such sex‐biases arise. On Jicarón, we have only observed males engaging in stone tool use, whereas on Coiba, both sexes are known to use tools. Using 5 years of camera trap data, we provide evidence that this variation likely reflects a sex difference in tool use rather than a sampling artifact, and then test hypotheses about the factors driving this pattern. Differences in physical ability or risk‐aversion, and competition over access to anvils do not account for the sex‐differences in tool‐use we observe. Our data show that adult females are physically capable of stone tool use: adult females on Coiba and juveniles on Jicarón smaller than adult females regularly engage in tool use. Females also have ample opportunity to use tools: the sexes are equally terrestrial, and competition over anvils is low. Finally, females rarely scrounge on left‐over food items either during or after tool‐using events, suggesting they are not being provisioned by males. Although it remains unclear why adult white‐faced capuchin females on Jicarón do not use stone‐tools, our results illustrate that such sex biases in socially learned behaviors can arise even in the absence of obvious physical, environmental, and social constraints. This suggests that a much more nuanced understanding of the differences in social structure, diet, and dispersal patterns are needed to explain why sex‐biases in tool use arise in some populations but not in others.
Harmonizing Enzyme‐like Cofactors to Boost Nanozyme Catalysis
Authors: Wu Yu , Zhong Hong , Xu Weiqing , Su Rina , Qin Ying , Qiu Yiwei , Zheng Lirong , Gu Wenling , Hu Liuyong , Lv Fan , Zhang Shipeng , Beckman Scott P. , Lin Yuehe , Zhu Chengzhou , Guo Shaojun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEngineering isolated metal sites resembling the primary coordination sphere of metallocofactors enables atomically dispersed materials as promising nanozymes. However, most existing nanozymes primarily focus on replicating specific metallocofactors while neglecting other supporting cofactors within active pockets, leading to reduced electron transfer (ET) efficiency and thus inferior catalytic performances. Herein, we report a metal–organic framework UiO‐67 nanozyme with atomically dispersed iron sites, which involves multiple tailored enzyme‐like nanocofactors that synergistically drive the ET process for enhanced peroxidase‐like catalysis. Among them, the linker‐coupled atomic iron site plays a critical role in substrate activation, while bare linkers and zirconia nodes facilitate the ET efficiency of intermediates. The synergy of three nanocofactors results in a 4.29‐fold enhancement compared with the single effort of isolated metal site‐based nanocofactor, holding promise in immunoassay for sensitive detection of chlorpyrifos. This finding opens a new way for designing high‐performance nanozymes by harmonizing various nanocofactors at the atomic and molecular scale.
Photo‐Assisted Li‐N2 Batteries with Enhanced Nitrogen Fixation and Energy Conversion
Authors: Li Jian‐You , Du Xing‐Yuan , Wang Xiao‐Xue , Yuan Xin‐Yuan , Guan De‐Hui , Xu Ji‐Jing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLi‐N2 batteries have received widespread attention for their potential to integrate N2 fixation, energy storage, and conversion. However, because of the low activity and poor stability of cathode catalysts, the electrochemical performance of Li‐N2 batteries is suboptimal, and their electrochemical reversibility has rarely been proven. In this study, a novel bifunctional photo‐assisted Li‐N2 battery system was established by employing a plasmonic Au nanoparticles (NPs)‐modified defective carbon nitride (Au‐Nv‐C3N4) photocathode. The Au‐Nv‐C3N4 exhibits strong light‐harvesting, N2 adsorption, and N2 activation abilities, and the photogenerated electrons and hot electrons are remarkably beneficial for accelerating the discharge and charge reaction kinetics. These advantages enable the photo‐assisted Li‐N2 battery to achieve a low overpotential of 1.32 V, which is the lowest overpotential reported to date, as well as superior rate capability and prolonged cycle stability (≈500 h). Remarkably, a combination of theoretical and experimental results demonstrates the high reversibility of the photo‐assisted Li‐N2 battery. The proposed novel strategy for developing efficient cathode catalysts and fabricating photo‐assisted battery systems breaks through the overpotential bottleneck of Li‐N2 batteries, providing important insights into the mechanism underlying N2 fixation and storage.