bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen fertilizer affects the cooking quality and starch properties of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)
Authors: Liu Hongyu , Liu Beibei , Zhou Haolu , Huang Yinghui , Gao Xiaoli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNitrogen has a critical influence on the yield and quality of proso millet. However, the exact impact of nitrogen on the cooking quality of proso millet is not clear. In this study, the cooking quality and starch properties of two proso millet varieties (waxy‐Shaanxi millet [wSM] variety and non‐waxy‐Shaanxi millet [nSM] variety) were compared and analyzed under nitrogen fertilizer treatment (N150, 150 kg/hm2) and a control group without nitrogen application (N0, 0 kg/hm2). Compared with the N0 group, the N150 treatment significantly increased protein content, amylose levels, and total yield. Employing rapid visco analyser and differential scanning calorimetry analyses, we observed that under the N150 treatment, the peak viscosity and breakdown viscosity of proso millet powder were diminished, while the setback viscosity and enthalpy values (ΔH) increased. In addition, nitrogen treatment increased the solids content in the obtained rice soup and significantly hardened the texture of the rice. At the same time, we noticed that the absorption capacity of starch in water and oil was enhanced. These results showed that nitrogen fertilizer had significant effects on the cooking quality and starch properties of proso millet.
Factors associated with negative birth experience in Peruvian Quechua‐speaking indigenous women in a context of contagion due to COVID‐19
Authors: Olaza‐Maguiña Augusto Felix , De La Cruz‐Ramirez Yuliana Mercedes 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with negative birth experience in Peruvian Quechua‐speaking indigenous women in the context of contagion due to COVID‐19.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study, with 142 women from the Olleros community (Huaraz‐Peru, 3336 m a.s.l.), whose birth occurred between November 2020 and December 2021. Two questionnaires were applied between January and June 2022, prior voluntary informed consent and approval by an ethics committee. The SPSS program version 24 and the odds ratio (OR) were used with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of 62.7% of women (89/142) had a negative birth experience. The main factors associated were hospital and biosafety factors, highlighting the restriction to choose the position during birth (OR = 15.64, CI: 1.89–128.99, P = 0.001), care of women in a language other than Quechua (OR = 5.86, CI: 1.51–22.76, P = 0.005) and fear of health personnel when approaching women due to COVID‐19 (OR = 10.61, CI: 3.94–28.56, P < 0.001).ConclusionHospital and biosafety factors are associated with negative birth experience in Peruvian Quechua‐speaking indigenous women, with less emphasis on sociodemographic and obstetric factors. The results found show that, in the case of this research, the negative birth experience is not only due to the restrictions imposed by COVID‐19 pandemic, but also to the limited application of the intercultural approach in Peru, where the opinion of women is not taken into account. In this sense, intervention actions are required through health policies with an intercultural approach that involve the active participation of women.
Universal transfer of full‐class metal electrodes for barrier‐free two‐dimensional semiconductor contacts
Authors: Hong Mengyu , Zhang Xiankun , Geng Yu , Wang Yunan , Wei Xiaofu , Gao Li , Yu Huihui , Cao Zhihong , Zhang Zheng , Zhang Yue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMetal–semiconductor contacts are crucial components in semiconductor devices. Ultrathin two‐dimensional transition‐metal dichalcogenide semiconductors can sustain transistor scaling for next‐generation integrated circuits. However, their performance is often degraded by conventional metal deposition, which results in a high barrier due to chemical disorder and Fermi‐level pinning (FLP). Although, transferring electrodes can address these issues, they are limited in achieving universal transfer of full‐class metals due to strong adhesion between pre‐deposited metals and substrates. Here, we propose a nanobelt‐assisted transfer strategy that can avoid the adhesion limitation and enables the universal transfer of over 20 different types of electrodes. Our contacts obey the Schottky–Mott rule and exhibit a FLP of S = 0.99. Both the electron and hole contacts show record‐low Schottky barriers of 4.2 and 11.2 meV, respectively. As a demonstration, we construct a doping‐free WSe2 inverter with these high‐performance contacts, which exhibits a static power consumption of only 58 pW. This strategy provides a universal method of electrode preparation for building high‐performance post‐Moore electronic devices.
Effect of collagen denaturation degree on mechanical properties and biological activity of nanofibrous scaffolds
Authors: Tenchurin Timur Kh , Sytina Elena V. , Solovieva Elena V. , Shepelev Aleksey D. , Mamagulashvili Vissarion G. , Krasheninnikov Sergey V. , Yastremskiy Evgeniy V. , Nesterenko Elizaveta V. , Buzin Aleksandr I. , Istranova Elena V. , Istranov Leonid P. , Fatkhudinov Timur Kh , Panteleyev Andrey A. , Chvalun Sergey N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFurther progress in regenerative medicine and bioengineering highly depends on the development of 3D polymeric scaffolds with active biological properties. The most attention is paid to natural extracellular matrix components, primarily collagen. Herein, nonwoven nanofiber materials with various degrees of collagen denaturation and fiber diameters 250–500 nm were produced by electrospinning, stabilized by genipin, and characterized in detail. Collagen denaturation has been confirmed using DSC and FTIR analysis. The comparative study of collagen and gelatin nonwoven materials (NWM) revealed only minor differences in their biocompatibility with skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro. In long‐term subcutaneous implantation study, the inflammation was less evident on collagen than on gelatin NWM. Remarkably, the pronounced calcification was revealed in the collagen NWM only. The results obtained can be useful in terms of improving the electrospinning technology of collagen from aqueous solutions, as well as emphasize the importance of long‐term study to ensure proper implementation of the material, taking into account the ability of collagen to provoke calcification.
Lactate promotes myogenesis via activating H3K9 lactylation‐dependent up‐regulation of Neu2 expression
Authors: Dai Weilong , Wu Gang , Liu Ke , Chen Qianqian , Tao Jingli , Liu Honglin , Shen Ming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundLactate, a glycolytic metabolite mainly produced in muscles, has been suggested to regulate myoblast differentiation, although the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Recently, lactate‐mediated histone lactylation is identified as a novel epigenetic modification that promotes gene transcription.MethodsWe used mouse C2C12 cell line and 2‐month‐old male mice as in vitro and in vivo models, respectively. These models were treated with lactate to explore the biological function and latent mechanism of lactate‐derived histone lactylation on myogenic differentiation by quantitative real‐time PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, chromatin immunoprecipitation, cleavage under targets and tagmentation assay and RNA sequencing.ResultsUsing immunofluorescence staining and western blotting, we proposed that lactylation might occur in the histones. Inhibition of lactate production or intake both impaired myoblast differentiation, accompanied by diminished lactylation in the histones. Using lactylation site‐specific antibodies, we demonstrated that lactate preferentially increased H3K9 lactylation (H3K9la) during myoblast differentiation (CT VS 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mM lactate treatment, P = 0.0012, P = 0.0007, and the rest of all P < 0.0001). Notably, inhibiting H3K9la using P300 antagonist could block lactate‐induced myogenesis. Through combined omics analysis using cleavage under targets and tagmentation assay and RNA sequencing, we further identified Neu2 as a potential target gene of H3K9la. IGV software analysis (P = 0.0013) and chromatin immunoprecipitation‐qPCR assay (H3K9la %Input, LA group = 9.0076, control group = 2.7184, IgG = 0.3209) confirmed that H3K9la is enriched in the promoter region of Neu2. Moreover, siRNAs or inhibitors against Neu2 both abrogated myoblast differentiation despite lactate treatment, suggesting that Neu2 is required for lactate‐mediated myoblast differentiation.ConclusionsOur findings provide novel understanding of histone lysine lactylation, suggesting its role in myogenesis, and as potential therapeutic targets for muscle diseases.
Preparation of atom probe tips from (nano)particles in dispersion using (di)electrophoresis and electroplating
Authors: Vorlaufer Nora , Josten Jan , Carl Simon , Göbel Erik , Søgaard Alexander , Taccardi Nicola , Spiecker Erdmann , Felfer Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe behavior of catalytic particles depends on their chemical structure and morphology. To reveal this information, the characterization with atom probe tomography has huge potential. Despite progresses and papers proposing various approaches towards the incorporation of particles inside atom probe tips, no single approach has been broadly applicable to date. In this paper, we introduce a workflow that allowed us to prepare atom probe specimens from Ga particles in suspension in the size range of 50 nm up to 2 μm. By combining dielectrophoresis and electrodeposition in a suitable way, we achieve a near‐tip shape geometry, without a time‐consuming FIB lift‐out. This workflow is a simple and quick method to prepare atom probe tips and allows for a high preparation throughput. Also, not using a lift‐out allowed us to use a cryo‐stage, avoiding melting of the Ga particles, while ensuring a mechanical stable atom probe tip. The specimen prepared by this workflow enable a stable measurement and low fracture rates.Research Highlights
Enabling cryo‐preparation of (nano)particles for the atom probe.
Characterization of surface and bulk elemental distribution of GaPt model SCALMS.
Investigating the impact of Sinopharm COVID‐19 vaccination on antibody response in pregnant women and their newborns
Authors: Abdolahi Tahoora , Maamouri Gholamali , Behmadi Maryam , Mirzaeian Sara , Boskabadi Hassan , Faramarzi Raheleh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the levels of receptor‐binding domain (RBD), spike, and neutralizing antibodies in pregnant women who received the Sinopharm vaccine and their newborns. A cross‐sectional study was conducted at a tertiary center, Mashhad, Iran. We included 88 pregnant women who had received at least two doses of the Sinopharm vaccine. Maternal and umbilical cord blood samples taken at delivery were analyzed for antibodies using ELISA tests. Antibody levels did not vary significantly between women with two or three vaccine doses. Only 1.1% of mothers had undetectable levels of RBD antibodies, but detectable antibodies were observed in all newborns. A significant linear correlation was found between the levels of neutralizing antibodies (r = 0.7, p < 0.001) and RBD antibodies (r = 0.833, p < 0.001) in mothers and their newborns, but not for Spike antibodies (r = 0.214, p = 0.045). In mothers, high titers of antispike and RBD antibodies were observed at the time of delivery. The high titers of RBD and antispike antibodies were found in cord blood, suggesting potential neonatal immunity. Detectable levels of antibodies were found in both groups, regardless of the timing of vaccination. The Sinopharm vaccine generates detectable levels of antibodies in pregnant women, which are efficiently transferred to their newborns. The number of vaccine doses (two or three) did not significantly impact the levels of detectable antibodies. This underscores Sinopharm's potential efficacy in protecting pregnant women and their infants from COVID‐19.
The effect of adding pomace on the bioactive composition and flavor volatiles in fermented orange juice with Lactobacillus
Authors: Xu Haiyan , Feng Lingxing , Ba Wenjia , Miao Yuzhi , Wang Xiaoyan , Wang Fang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe consumption of oranges generates huge amounts of pomaces, which are the potential raw materials to increase the nutritional value of the products.RESULTSIn this study, the bioactive composition and flavor volatiles in Lactobacillus fermented orange juice with added pomaces were researched. Results showed that the orange juices blended with pomaces were favorable substrates for Lactobacillus growth and the colony counts reached above 9.0 log CFU mL−1, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and the antioxidant activity in orange juices were increased significantly after adding pomaces. Some amino acids, such as threonine (P < 0.0001), isoleucine (P < 0.01), and glycine (P < 0.01) were markedly higher in fermented orange juices with pomaces. The flavonoid diversity was more abundant by adding pomace fermentation and most flavonoids showed higher levels in fermented juices with the pomace, Lactobacillus fermentum 252 may transform some flavonoids through deglycosylation and reduction reaction. Furthermore, orange pomace mainly improved the flavor volatiles by increasing terpenoids and alcohol, such as d‐limonene and benzyl alcohol, and decreasing volatile acids.CONCLUSIONThis study presented a novelty in elevating the nutritional value of juice by the utilization of pomaces, its findings can provide a new way to mine the bioactive ingredient from Citrus by Lactobacillus, and can be used as a guide for the development of new Citrus processing technologies and functional foods. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Combined organic and inorganic fertilization increases soil network complexity and multifunctionality in a 5‐year fertilization system
Authors: Zhang Siyu , Zhang Haifang , Liu Hongmei , Wang Hui , Xiu Weiming , Zhou Zhongkai , Jiang Na , Zhang Hao , Zhao Jianning , Yang Dianlin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMicrobial communities regulating multiple ecosystem functions in agricultural ecosystems remain unclear, limiting our ability to predict how agricultural systems will respond to nutrient management. Here, we assessed the effects of 5‐year different fertilization treatments (CK, no‐fertilization; M, organic fertilization; MNPK, combined inorganic and organic fertilization; NPK, inorganic fertilization) on the bacterial and fungal composition, co‐occurrence networks complexity and the relationship of keystone taxa with soil multifunctionality. Our results showed that fertilization shifted the bacterial and fungal community composition. The increased nodes of degree and decreased average path length with the application of organic fertilizer suggested a more stable network. The improved soil multifunctionality was also observed in combined organic and inorganic fertilization treatment, which positively correlated with the fungal community composition rather than bacterial, indicating that fungi are important in driving soil functions. Notably, the keystone taxa fOTU3995 and fOTU2868 belong to Sordariomycetes and were correlated with soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase. These indicated that the keystone taxa play an important role in increasing in soil nutrient, C cycling, and P cycling. Together, our findings highlight that combined organic and inorganic fertilization increases the network complexity and soil multifunctionality, further confirming the role of keystone taxa Sordariomycetes in driving soil multifunctionality. This suggested that combined organic and inorganic have the potential to preserve agroecosystem sustainability and strengthen the role of microorganisms in ecosystem functions.
Nutritional composition, phytochemical, and functional properties of six soybean varieties cultivated in Cameroon
Authors: Tamangwa Mildred Washie , Djikeng Fabrice Tonfack , Feumba Romelle Dibanda , Sylvia Veshe‐Teh Zemoh Ninying , Loungaing Valerie Demgne , Womeni Hilaire Macaire 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different varieties on the nutritional composition, phytochemical, and functional properties of selected soybean varieties cultivated in Cameroon. Soybean varieties TGX 1835, TGX 2001‐8DM, MAK SOY 1N, MAK SOY 3N, MAK SOY 4N, and SOUNG PUNGUNG 2400 were collected and analyzed for their nutritional composition (proximate composition and mineral content), oil quality (peroxide, thiobarbituric acid, iodine, and acid values), total phenolic content, and functional properties. Results of the proximate composition showed that soybean varieties MAK SOY 3N, MAK SOY 4N, and TGX 1835 had the highest protein and lipid contents. The calcium and potassium contents were expressively higher in soybean variety MAK SOY 4N. Soybean variety MAK SOY 3N portrayed the best magnesium, zinc, and iron contents. The oils from all the six soybean varieties exhibited very good chemical properties as far as their safety is concerned. TGX 1835, MAK SOY 4N, and SOUNG PUNGUNG 2400 had the highest total phenolic content. The functional properties presented by all six soybean varieties were similar. These new varieties can be exploited for their nutritional and technological properties. The population should be encouraged to produce and consume them.
On singular limits of finite Hilbert transform operators on multi‐intervals
Authors: Bertola M. , Blackstone E. , Katsevich A. , Tovbis A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the small‐ spectral asymptotics of an integral operator defined on two multi‐intervals and , when the multi‐intervals touch each other (but their interiors are disjoint). The operator is closely related to the multi‐interval finite Hilbert transform (FHT). This case can be viewed as a singular limit of self‐adjoint Hilbert–Schmidt integral operators with so‐called integrable kernels, where the limiting operator is still bounded, but has a continuous spectral component. The regular case when , and is of the Hilbert–Schmidt class, was studied in an earlier paper by the authors. The main assumption in this paper is that is a single interval (although part of our analysis is valid in a more general situation). We show that the eigenvalues of , if they exist, do not accumulate at . Combined with the results in an earlier paper by the authors, this implies that , the subspace of discontinuity (the span of all eigenfunctions) of , is finite dimensional and consists of functions that are smooth in the interiors of and . We also obtain an approximation to the kernel of the unitary transformation that diagonalizes , and obtain a precise estimate of the exponential instability of inverting . Our work is based on the method of Riemann–Hilbert problem and the nonlinear steepest descent method of Deift and Zhou.
A Versatile Platform to Generate Shell‐Cross‐Linked Uniform Π‐Conjugated Nanofibers with Controllable Length, High Morphological Stability, and Facile Surface Tailorability
Authors: Wang Chen , Huang Fengfeng , Huang Xiaoyu , Lu Guolin , Feng Chun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLiving crystallization‐driven self‐assembly (CDSA) has emerged as an efficient route to generate π‐conjugated‐polymer‐based nanofibers (CPNFs) with promising applications from photocatalysis to biomedicine. However, the lack of efficient tools to endow CPNFs with morphological stability and surface tailorability becomes a frustrating hindrance for expanding application spectrum of CPNFs. Herein, a facile strategy to fabricate length‐controllable OPV‐based (OPV = oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene)) CPNFs containing a cross‐linked shell with high morphological stability and facile surface tailorability through the combination of living CDSA and thiol–ene chemistry by using OPV5‐b‐PNAAM32 (PNAAM = poly(N‐allyl acrylamide)) as a model is reported. Uniform fiber‐like micelles with tunable length can be generated by self‐seeding of living CDSA. By taking advantage of radical thiol–ene reaction between vinyls of PNAAM corona and four‐arm thiols, the shell of micelles can be cross‐linked with negligible destruction of structure of vinylene‐containing OPV core. The resulting micelles show high morphological stability in NaCl solution and PBS buffer, even upon heating at 80 °C. The introduced extra thiol groups in the cross‐linked shell can be further employed to install extra functional moieties via convenient thiol‐Michael‐type reaction. Given the negligible cytotoxicity of resulting CPNFs, this strategy opens an avenue to fabricate various CPNFs of diverse functionalities for biomedicine.
Challenges and opportunities in elucidating the structures of biofilm exopolysaccharides: A case study of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exopolysaccharide called Pel
Authors: Amyx‐Sherer Kristen , Reichhardt Courtney 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBiofilm formation protects bacteria from antibiotic treatment and host immune responses, making biofilm infections difficult to treat. Within biofilms, bacterial cells are entangled in a self‐produced extracellular matrix that typically includes exopolysaccharides. Molecular‐level descriptions of biofilm matrix components, especially exopolysaccharides, have been challenging to attain due to their complex nature and lack of solubility and crystallinity. Solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has emerged as a key tool to determine the structure of biofilm matrix exopolysaccharides without degradative sample preparation. In this review, we discuss challenges of studying biofilm matrix exopolysaccharides and opportunities to develop solid‐state NMR approaches to study these generally intractable materials. We specifically highlight investigations of the exopolysaccharide called Pel made by the opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We provide a roadmap for determining exopolysaccharide structure and discuss future opportunities to study such systems using solid‐state NMR. The strategies discussed for elucidating biofilm exopolysaccharide structure should be broadly applicable to studying the structures of other glycans.
Nonlinear cable computations using high‐order solid elements with hp‐adaptive refinement for anisotropic plasticity
Authors: Hildebrandt‐Raj André , Sharma Prateek , Diebels Stefan , Düster Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCables are slender structural elements, that are found in many engineering structures and are exposed to large displacements while experiencing small or large local strains during their installation or in dynamic environments. To address the complexity of their inner structure, an effective material model with anisotropic properties in the elastic and elastoplastic domain is utilized, allowing for a simplified representation that overcomes numerical challenges associated with a fully resolved model. This article focuses on enhancing the representation of local discontinuities arising from the plastic front using ‐refinement. The described workflow is applied to a perforated plate benchmark example and a cable subjected to torsion. Results indicate that the ‐refinement achieves a fast convergence and on average uses fewer degrees of freedom to achieve similar accuracy as compared to pure h‐refinement or pure p‐refinement.