bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACUTE CARE USE FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH DIABETES AND DEMENTIA IN A PRAGMATIC CLINICAL TRIAL OF PANEL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Morgan Brianna , Arcila-Mesa Mauricio , Rapozo Crystalinda , Adeyemi Oluwaseun , Chodosh Joshua 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Individuals with diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (DM-ADRD) face greater self-management challenges, over and under treatment, and more acute care episodes. Enhanced Quality in Primary Care for Elders with Diabetes-ADRD (EQUIPED-ADRD) is a pragmatic randomized controlled trial providing practice guidelines alone (control) compared to practice guidelines plus panel management (intervention) in primary care. Panel management includes patient self-management support and enhanced engagement and support for staff. Thirty-one primary care practices were randomized (14 control versus 17 intervention clinics). We assessed differences in emergency department (ED) use and hospitalizations in individuals with DM-ADRD comparing groups using univariate analysis. Included patients receiving care at randomized clinics were &gt;65 years old, had DM, ADRD, an identified caregiver, and available utilization data. We tracked ED use and hospitalizations over 24 months using electronic health records. Panel management dose was number of phone calls. Among those having utilization data, 177 received panel management versus 349 who did not (total n=526). Patients were predominantly 75-84 years old (41.3%), female (59.9%), and non-Hispanic white (50.9%); 25.9% were Hispanic and 10.7% were non-Hispanic Black. 52.0% (n=92) panel managed patients had ED visits versus 41.8% (n=146) not panel managed [(p=0.027]; Odds Ratio (OR) 1.50; 95%CI: 1.05-2.16). Hospital use did not significantly differ between groups [35.0%; vs. 31.5%, respectively; p=0.418]. Increased panel management dose did not impact acute care use. These findings suggest panel management increases ED use. Whether this is due to greater detection of clinical problems or other issues needing attention requires further investigation.
ASSESSING THE SCALABILITY OF A COMMUNITY PROGRAM FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH DIABETES: BRIDGING THE RESEARCH–PRACTICE GAP
Authors: Northwood Melissa , Ganann Rebecca , Fisher Kathryn , Markle-Reid Maureen , Yous Marie-Lee 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Implementing person-centred, cost-effective, and comprehensive self-management programs for older adults with multimorbidity and their caregivers in the health and social care system is challenging. Innovations that are effective under controlled research conditions often fail to produce similar results when implemented in real world settings to reach larger populations of older adults. Scalability assessment is a promising methodology to reduce this research-practice gap. This study aims to examine the scalability of a self-management intervention for older adults with diabetes and multimorbidity and their caregivers in two Canadian provinces. Provincial working groups, including patient partners, participated in the scalability assessment. The Intervention Scalability Assessment Tool (ISAT) guided data collection and analysis. Multiple methods were used to collect data, including an environmental scan, document review, and interviews with key informants. Provincial workshops were held to review scalability results, determine the program’s scale-up readiness, and identify strategies to enhance scalability. Patient partners, health and social care providers and leaders, provincial decision-makers, and researchers gave high ratings to the readiness of the intervention and its alignment with practice and strategic policy initiatives. The evidence of effectiveness, delivery setting and workforce, and sustainability domains were rated lower. Participants recommended: 1) focusing on high-risk patients, which would be cost effective and likely to demonstrate impact and 2) piloting targeted sites to embed the program within existing health care settings and infrastructure to gather more evidence on program effectiveness and implementation. Collaborative and structured scalability assessments are critical to mobilize innovative programs into health and social care practice.
LIVING WITH HEART FAILURE AND MULTIMORBIDITY: SEX-BASED DIFFERENCES IN DISEASE BURDEN
Authors: Koirala Binu , Liu Xiaoyue , Lim Arum , Benjasirisan Chitchanok , Himmelfarb Cheryl Dennison , Davidson Patricia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of hospitalization and discharge diagnosis. People with HF present an average of six co-morbid conditions and are mostly older women. Comorbidity or multimorbidity in HF, increases the risk for poor health outcomes, significantly affecting the progression, severity, and complexity of management and care outcomes. This study aimed to examine the sex differences in disease burden among individuals living with multimorbidity. The study is an ongoing cohort study collecting socio-demographic, clinical, and outcome data at baseline, 30 days, and 1-year follow-up. Adults aged 50 years and older living with HF and multimorbidity, defined as the presence of HF and one more chronic condition identified as a common list of comorbidities were recruited using an electronic patient portal. Disease burden data were collected using a modified disease burden impact scale consisting of comorbid conditions included in the eligibility criteria. A preliminary analysis of 406 participants (mean [SD] age = 69.6[9.7] years; 49% female) at baseline found that females (67.7 [9.2] years) were significantly younger than males (71.6 [9.9] years) and females (28.1 [15.2]) had significantly higher disease burden scores compared to males (22.0 [13.6]). An adjusted analysis found females had 3 times higher disease burden scores than males (beta=3.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.44-6.20, p= 0.024), after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, social support, resilience, and quality of life. Effective multimorbidity management program requires consideration of both sex and gender-based differences, particularly among older women.
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT PRACTICE PATTERNS FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH ABDOMINAL PAIN
Authors: Wu Rachel , Friedman Ari 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Abdominal pain is the most common reason for visit (RFV) to the emergency department (ED) for older adults in the United States. Despite high morbidity and mortality, unlike for chest pain, there is no standardized diagnostic pathway. We investigated the rates of computed tomography (CT) scans and X-rays for older adults and compared these to the rates in young and middle-aged adults. We conducted survey-weighted descriptive analyses of the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. We included 27,149 sampled ED chart abstractions for abdominal pain, representing 143.2 million visits nationally; 12.6% were from older adults 65+. CT rates increased over time for all age categories, with 26.2% of all patients receiving a CT scan in 2007 to 42.6% in 2019. The relative percent change in abdominal CT scans was greatest for older adults, with a 30.3% change from 2007 to 2019, compared to 24.0% change for adults aged 46-64 and 15.0% for adults aged 18-45. 13% of older adults received only an X-ray, which is neither sensitive nor specific for acute pathology in older adults in the ED. Test positivity, as defined by receiving an emergency general surgical diagnosis among patients imaged with CT or ultrasound increased from 17.2% in 2007 to 22.9% in years 2019 (p&lt; 0.01), suggesting increasing severity for this high-risk condition among older adults. Our findings suggest potential over-use of ineffective testing (X-rays) as well as the need for better targeted cross-sectional imaging (rising test positivity).
BUTYRATE-PRODUCING BACTERIA INCREASE GUT MICROBIOTA DIVERSITY TO DELAY INTESTINAL INFLAMMAGING
Authors: Li Xiaoang , Zhang Yiming , Duan Liping 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Intestinal flora dysbiosis is a key link in intestinal inflammaging, and the diversity of gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining the entire intestinal microecology. Our previous study found that butyrate-producing bacteria reversed aging-induced intestinal inflammation and promoted the expression of intestinal anti-inflammatory factors in 24-month-old mice, but the mechanism was unclear. We found that butyrate-producing bacteria promote the expression of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptors in the intestine. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1) has anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal inflammation. We speculate that butyrate-producing bacteria upregulate MCT-1 expression through the activation of SCFA receptors, thereby promoting gut stability and bacterial diversity. In further experiments, we established inflammation models using cell lines, colon organoids, mouse colonic epithelial cells, and aged mice (24 months old) given different concentrations of LPS and DSS, and then added butyrate-producing bacteria to verify that MCT-1 is involved in the resistance of butyrate-producing bacteria to intestinal inflammation. We found that bacteria up-regulated the expression of MCT-1 by activating SCFA receptors. From the results of 16s rRNA sequencing, it can be seen that the intestinal stability and bacterial diversity of aged mice were improved after the administration of butyrate-producing bacteria. The research results will provide an experimental basis for treating intestinal inflammaging by restoring intestinal stability and diversity of gut microbiota and will help to explore the clinical value of butyrate-producing bacteria, which has important translational significance.
INFLUENCES OF AGE DIVERSITY CLIMATE ON ORG PERFORMANCE: ROLE OF INCLUSION AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR
Authors: Chung Soondool , Lee Ahyoung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With the rapidly aging population, South Korea’s workforce demographics are changing as more older adults remain in the workforce. With limited resources such as work opportunities and pensions, intergenerational conflict may arise in the workplace while employers seek to maximize organizational outcomes. The present study investigated the effects of age diversity climate on organizational performance in private sector employees by focusing on the mediating effects of inclusion and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The data for this study was collected online in January 2022 from 900 private sector employees aged 20 to 69 in South Korea. Age-diversity climate, sense of inclusion, OCB, and organizational performance were measured using standardized scales. To test our assumed relationships, we used structural equation modeling and executed bootstrapping procedures to test the significance of the indirect effects. Results indicated that age-diversity climate did not have a significant direct effect on organizational performance. However, the age-diversity climate has an impact on inclusion (β = .61, p &lt; .001) and OCB (β = .13, p &lt; .01). Inclusion showed a positive effect on OCB (β = .41, p &lt; .001) and OCB showed a positive effect on organizational performance (β = .10, p &lt; .05). Additionally, as hypothesized, inclusion and OCB had a mediating role in the relationship between the age-diversity climate and organizational performance (β = .05, s.e. = .02, LLCI = .003, ULCI = .095). The results of this study highlight the importance of the age-diversity climate in the workplace in aging society.
OCCUPATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC INFLAMMATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE HRS
Authors: Andrasfay Theresa , Ailshire Jennifer , Crimmins Eileen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There is substantial evidence from the occupational health, psychology, and environmental health literatures to suggest that inflammation is a biologically plausible mechanism through which physical, psychosocial, and environmental occupational characteristics influence risks of several health conditions at older ages. However, there is limited empirical evidence of the linkages between occupational characteristics and biomarkers of inflammation in representative studies of older adults, precluding a thorough understanding of how working conditions affect the distribution of inflammation among the older population. We use data from 1,997 individuals who were aged 51-60 and working for pay in the 2010 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to assess how occupational characteristics are associated with a summary measure of chronic inflammation constructed from seven inflammatory biomarkers included in the 2016 HRS Venous Blood Study. In addition to HRS respondents’ reports of their job characteristics, we use data from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET). We use Poisson models to predict the count of high-risk inflammatory biomarkers from occupational characteristics, controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, and use of over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drugs. We find that individuals employed in occupations with higher levels of physical demands, higher levels of harmful workplace exposures, and those working long hours have higher levels of inflammation. Higher levels of autonomy or job control were associated with reduced levels of inflammation. These results suggest that common job conditions may contribute to chronic inflammation at older ages.
VOLUNTEERISM AND PURPOSE IN LIFE IN A NATIONAL SURVEY OF COMMUNITY-DWELLING MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Mak Wingyun , Burack Orah , Howard Margret , Boockvar Kenneth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Volunteerism has been shown to provide physical, psychological, and functional health benefits as people age. Volunteers are able to participate in meaningful service, develop social connections, and exercise their abilities. In this study, we examined whether engaging in various types of volunteer engagement (e.g. charitable, political, religious, environmental, animal welfare, support group) was associated with self-perceived change in purpose in life (PIL) over a five year lookback period, controlling for demographic and health variables. Data were drawn from the AARP Social Engagement and Brain Health Survey, which included a nationally representative sample of adults aged 40-75+ (mode=55-64 years) across the United States who completed an online survey (N=2,585). Hierarchical linear regression was used. People who were younger (β=-.06, t=-2.55, p=.01), Black (β=.23, t=10.50, p&lt;.001) or Hispanic (β=.12, t=5.20, p&lt;.001), married (β=.05, t=2.65, p=.01), and had better health (β=.16, t=7.09, p&lt;.001) and cognition (β=.18, t=7.69, p&lt;.001) reported greater increase in PIL over the last five years (ΔR2=.13, p&lt;.001). After controlling for demographic and health variables, people who valued PIL (β=.15, t=7.49, p&lt;.001; ΔR2=.02, p&lt;.001) and participated in volunteer work through a religious organization (β=.05, t=2.38, p=.02) or support groups (β=.07, t=3.10, p=.002) were more likely to report greater levels of PIL over the last five years (ΔR2=.02, p&lt;.001). These results suggest that changes in experienced PIL may depend on physical and cognitive health, importance placed on PIL, and type of volunteer engagement, all of which may be points of potential intervention.
AGING WITH MENTAL HEALTH CONDITONS AND MOTIVATION FOR SELF-CARE: THE HANDWASHING WORKSHOP
Authors: Cazumbá Aryane , Bellizzi Gabriela , Varricchio Marcia , Verçosa Neide , Soares Felipe Paci , Soares Erica Paci , Silva Jaqueline Da 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In Brazil, data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEP-Flu), indicate that up to June 2020, about 71% of deaths from Covid19 were of elderly, with and without comorbidities. Since the SARS-Cov2 pandemic, health of the elderly population with mental health problems has been hard hit. The study scenario was the 2023 Summer Edition of the Intergenerational and Inclusion Camp on Health, Science and Technology / Lab Project for the Valorization of Aging (PROVE). The implementation research design was a teaching-research-service action by graduate, undergraduate and two high school students. Supported by the lab faculty and librarian, students searched for evidence-based practices, and in the light of health equity, selected the hand washing demand of underserved older adults to develop a ludic-informative workshop, for motivating self-care practices. In the methodological trajectory, participants (i) were divided into two teams; (ii) had representatives put latex gloves and blindfolds on and washable colored paint poured on the gloves; (iii) received instructions to demonstrate how they washed their hands; (iv) blindfolds were removed and a debate took place on the procedure and its importance; (v) students demonstrated the correct technique using gloves and paint. Older adults reported having had fun and learning significantly more. The approach was evaluated as empowering, noting that the visualization of the inks on the gloves specifically allowed identifying points to be refined. Other topics and subsequent workshops were suggested. In conclusion, light and flexible fun, evidence-based and motivating strategies are protective and promote comprehensive health care.
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN OLDER ADULTS POST DEEPWATER HORIZON OIL SPILL
Authors: Reed Mickaela , Strough JoNell 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Previous research has investigated challenges such as scarcity in housing, the loss of life, and the onset of mental health disorders such as PTSD that persist once a person has experienced a man-made disaster. This has been analyzed in populations such as older adults and other vulnerable groups of people. However, little to no consideration has been given to how age, in combination with trauma history, relates to indicators of psychological well-being after disasters. Here, using Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST) (Carstensen, 2006) and the Strength of Vulnerability Integration Model (SAVI) (Charles, 2013) we investigated age differences in two indicators of psychological well-being—depression and anxiety—among individuals following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (DHOS). Specifically, trauma history and personal exposure to the DHOS were tested as potential moderators of age differences in psychological well-being. Residents of the US Gulf Coast region (N=2,508, M age= 57.72 yrs; 60.4% Women) were contacted via telephone and asked to complete the Survey of Trauma, Resilience, and Opportunity among Neighborhoods in the Gulf (STRONG). Regression analyses were used to investigate the roles of age, prior trauma, and DHOS exposure on psychological well-being after controlling for income, education, race, and gender. Implications of the findings for disaster preparedness interventions and theories of psychological well-being across the life span are discussed.
FINANCIAL PREPARATION FOR RETIREMENT OF WORKING-AGE ADULTS IN HONG KONG: A PERSONALIZED PENSION PROJECTION
Authors: Zhu Alex Yue Feng , Chou Kee Lee 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study replicated and upgraded the personal pension projections among a sample of middle-aged working adults in Hong Kong (N = 400). We conducted a three-arm randomized controlled trial in which the participants were randomly assigned to either experimental condition A (a personalized pension projection), experimental condition B (a personalized pension projection plus new “identifying feasible plans to achieve the ideal retirement life” component), or the control condition. Analyzing a baseline and two follow-up tests, we found that a personalized pension projection had immediate and short-term positive effects on the participants’ financial preparation for retirement. The newly added component strengthened both effects. More specifically, the original personalized pension projection improved the participants’ financial preparation for retirement by reducing their temporal discounting. Our findings enhance understanding of the mechanism of a personalized pension projection, clarify its location within the intervention framework of retirement financial planning, and recommend multiple channels to policymakers and social workers to further upgrade and optimize a personalized pension projection and improve its effectiveness.
FINANCIAL SATISFACTION AND PERSONALITY IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Ryou Yeon Ji , Wang Mengya , Martin Peter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Financial satisfaction is an essential component of the quality of life among adults 65 years and older. However, little is known about how psychosocial factors, such as personality, might influence financial satisfaction in this age group. To address this gap in knowledge, this study explored the relationship between financial satisfaction, the Big-5 personality traits, and social support. For this study, 1,322 participants answering questions, including the Big-5 personality traits, their financial satisfaction, and social activities, were selected from the 2020 Core Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to identify the contributors to financial satisfaction, with control variables such as age, gender, and income in the first model. The Big-5 personality traits and social factors, including negative and positive social support, were added to subsequent models. The results revealed that extraversion and conscientiousness were significantly and positively associated with financial satisfaction, whereas neuroticism and agreeableness demonstrated the opposite relationship. Negative social support was also negatively associated with financial satisfaction, whereas positive social support showed the opposite effect. Participating in social activities was found to be positively associated with financial satisfaction among older adults. Older age, being white, female, married or partnered, and reporting better health were also significant predictors of higher financial satisfaction. These findings have significant implications for financial planning and counseling among older adults. Interventions targeting specific personality traits such as extraversion and engaging in more social activities may be particularly effective for improving financial satisfaction among US older adults.
ASSESSING ADEQUACY OF HEALTH FACILITIES FOR OLDER ADULTS IN INDIAN CITIES
Authors: Hemalatha Sruthi Anilkumar , Sarif Nawaj , Barman Papai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
1The healthcare system in India is struggling to meet the needs of the current population, and the rising aging population is likely to exacerbate this problem. Therefore, it is essential to plan and prepare for the future. Thus, using a geospatial approach, this study used data from the Census of India to investigate the distribution of older populations’ access to improved health facilities across various cities in India. The study found wide variation in the proportion of the aging population across India, with cities in the northern, southern, and eastern parts of India having a higher percentage of older people. The study compared the distribution of older adult populations and health infrastructures, such as hospitals and medical staff, and found considerable regional variations in their availability. Smaller cities tend to have poorer health facilities than larger ones, despite having similar proportions of older populations. The study found that good health facilities were concentrated in specific pockets, particularly in metropolitan cities, while smaller cities lacked them. This infrastructure gap poses a significant challenge in achieving healthy aging in India. Population aging is a significant demographic trend that requires attention from policymakers, researchers, and healthcare professionals. This study highlights the need for improved health facilities in Indian cities, particularly smaller cities, to ensure the well-being and a better quality of life of older adults. By prioritizing the needs of the aging population, we can create a more equitable and sustainable healthcare system that meets the needs of all citizens.