bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porifera‐Inspired Lightweight, Thin, Wrinkle‐Resistance, and Multifunctional MXene Foam
Authors: Pan Fei , Shi Yuyang , Yang Yang , Guo Hongtao , Li Lixin , Jiang Haojie , Wang Xiao , Zeng Zhihui , Lu Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) demonstrate a massive potential in constructing lightweight, multifunctional wearable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shields for application in various fields. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to develop a facile, scalable approach to prepare the MXene‐based macrostructures characterized by low density, low thickness, high mechanical flexibility, and high EMI SE at the same time. Herein, the ultrathin MXene/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Ag foams with a porifera‐inspired hierarchically porous microstructure are prepared by combining Zn2+ diffusion induction and hard template methods. The hierarchical porosity, which includes a mesoporous skeleton and a microporous MXene network within the skeleton, not only exerts a regulatory effect on stress distribution during compression, making the foams rubber‐like resistant to wrinkling but also provides more channels for multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves. Due to the interaction between Ag nanosheets, MXene/rGO, and porous structure, it is possible to produce an outstanding EMI shielding performance with the specific surface shielding effectiveness reaching 109152.4 dB cm2 g−1. Furthermore, the foams exhibit multifunctionalities, such as transverse Joule heating, longitudinal heat insulation, self‐cleaning, fire resistance, and motion detection. These discoveries open up a novel pathway for the development of lightweight MXene‐based materials with considerable application potential in wearable electromagnetic anti‐interference devices.
Terahertz Conductivity of Free‐Standing 3D Covalent Organic Framework Membranes Fabricated via Triple‐Layer‐Dual Interfacial Approach
Authors: Puthukkudi Adithyan , Nath Satyapriya , Shee Payel , Dutta Arpita , Rajput Chetan V. , Bommakanti Suresh , Mohapatra Jeebanjyoti , Samal Mahalaxmi , Anwar Sharmistha , Pal Shovon , Biswal Bishnu P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProcessable covalent organic framework membranes (COFM) are emerging as potential semiconducting materials for device applications. Nevertheless, the fabrication of crystalline and free‐standing 3D COFMs is challenging. In this work, a unique time and solvent‐efficient triple‐layer‐dual interfacial (TLDI) approach for the simultaneous synthesis of two 3D COFMs from a single system is developed. Besides, for the first time, the optical conductivity of these free‐standing 3D COFMs is analyzed using terahertz (THz) spectroscopy in transmission mode. Interestingly, these membranes show excellent transmittance at THz frequencies with very high intrinsic THz conductivities. The evaluated scattering time and plasma frequency of the free carriers of the COFMs are highly promising for future applications in optoelectronic devices in THz frequencies.
Vertical Graphene/Pentacene Single Crystal/Graphene Transistors for Self‐Powered Weak Light Detection and High‐Speed Imaging
Authors: Du Qianqian , Zheng Xialian , Zhang Yuting , Zhang Yanxun , Liu Yunlong , Wang Fengqiu , Liu Cailong , Zhang Linglong , Wang Wenjun , Qin Shuchao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrganic semiconductors are promising candidates for next‐generation photodetectors owing to their unique properties including large absorption coefficient and intrinsic mechanical flexibility. However, limited by high defect density, large exciton binding energy, and short exciton diffusion length, many challenges remain for fabricating high‐performance organic photodetectors, especially for scenarios where weak light sensing and high‐speed imaging are required. Herein, by coupling single‐crystal pentacene with monolayer graphene, a vertical organic phototransistor with excellent zero‐bias photon detecting capacity is demonstrated. Under self‐powered weak light condition, the responsivity and specific detectivity are 2.86 AW−1 and 3.3 × 1011 Jones (based on experiment spectral noise density), respectively. It is demonstrated that weak light down to 25 nWcm−2 can be detected. When operating with an external bias, the responsivity of the device increases dramatically (up to 105 AW−1), and a better 3 dB bandwidth (≈74 kHz) is obtained. Finally, imaging functionality is demonstrated by employing this vertical transistor as a single‐sensing pixel. This work suggests organic single crystals exhibit enormous potential in advanced optoelectronic systems, and may provide a viable route for weak light detecting and high‐speed imaging.
Can Electrochemical Aptasensors Achieve the Commercial Success of Glucose Biosensors?
Authors: Ardalan Sina , Ignaszak Anna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEnzymes and antibodies are widely available biorecognition elements in bioanalytical tools such as personal glucose monitoring (PGM) devices and lateral flow assays (LFA). Meanwhile, electrochemical aptamer‐based (EAB) sensors are promising affinity‐based bioanalytical tools with potential advantages over such conventional bioassays. However, several critical factors affect the stability of EAB sensors, pivotal for their commercialization including 1) electrode defects due to surface treatment methods, 2) hampering effects of redox molecules, 3) electrical potential‐induced aptamer detachment, 4) thermal‐induced monolayer solubilization, 5) biochemical/enzymatic degradation, 6) biofouling, and 7) inadequate statistical design and analysis in EAB sensor fabrication. Herein, antidotes for the obstacles are proposed by applying novel surface treatment methods, adapting redox molecule, tuning electrochemical tests, tweaking backfilling agents, and anti‐bio‐fouling coatings. Nonetheless, the obstacles are a driving force to clear pathways toward bringing EAB sensors to the market for therapeutic drug and metabolite monitoring, point of care sensors, macromolecule detection, and pathogen diagnostics.
Induction of Fatty Acid Oxidation Underlies DNA Damage‐Induced Cell Death and Ameliorates Obesity‐Driven Chemoresistance
Authors: Hwang Sunsook , Yang Seungyeon , Park Kyungsoo , Kim Byungjoo , Kim Minjoong , Shin Seungmin , Yoo Ahyoung , Ahn Jiyun , Jang Juneil , Yim Yeong Shin , Seong Rho H. , Jeong Seung Min 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe DNA damage response is essential for preserving genome integrity and eliminating damaged cells. Although cellular metabolism plays a central role in cell fate decision between proliferation, survival, or death, the metabolic response to DNA damage remains largely obscure. Here, this work shows that DNA damage induces fatty acid oxidation (FAO), which is required for DNA damage‐induced cell death. Mechanistically, FAO induction increases cellular acetyl‐CoA levels and promotes N‐alpha‐acetylation of caspase‐2, leading to cell death. Whereas chemotherapy increases FAO related genes through peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPARα), accelerated hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α stabilization by tumor cells in obese mice impedes the upregulation of FAO, which contributes to its chemoresistance. Finally, this work finds that improving FAO by PPARα activation ameliorates obesity‐driven chemoresistance and enhances the outcomes of chemotherapy in obese mice. These findings reveal the shift toward FAO induction is an important metabolic response to DNA damage and may provide effective therapeutic strategies for cancer patients with obesity.
Hydrogel Crosslinked with Nanoparticles for Prevention of Surgical Hemorrhage and Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Jia‐Qi , Wu Han , Li Xu , Li Min‐Yu , Li Zhen‐Li , Xu Xin‐Fei , Gu Li‐Hui , Yin Dong‐Xu , Shen Feng , Huang Dong‐Sheng , Yang Tian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is acknowledged as an immunosuppressive neoplasm, whereby the inactive microenvironment facilitates immune tolerance and evasion of HCC. Post‐surgical resected liver cancer exhibits a proclivity for relapse, rendering prevention of recurrence challenging as it may transpire at any point subsequent to surgery. Among the various anti‐recurrence interventions, the primary clinical approach involving the administration of regimens atezolizumab and bevacizumab (A+T) is deemed the most efficacious in reversing the tumor microenvironment, albeit still lacking in complete satisfaction. Therefore, the objective is to utilize a recently developed block copolymer as a protective carrier for two specific monoclonal antibody drugs. Subsequently, a modified hemostatic hydrogel will be synthesized for application during hepatic surgery. The immunotherapy impact of this approach is significantly prolonged and intensified due to the combined hemostasis properties and controlled release of the constituents within the synthesized nanocomposite hydrogel. Furthermore, these nanocomposite hydrogels exhibit remarkable efficacy in preventing postoperative wound bleeding and substantially enhancing the safety of liver cancer resection. This research on the anti‐recurrence hydrogel system presents a novel therapeutic approach for addressing local recurrence of liver cancer, potentially offering a substantial contribution to the field of surgical treatment for liver cancer in the future.
Phase Transition Liquid Metal Enabled Emerging Biomedical Technologies and Applications
Authors: Gao Shang , Yang Yaxiong , Falchevskaya Aleksandra S. , Vinogradov Vladimir V. , Yuan Bo , Liu Jing , Sun Xuyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhase change materials that can absorb or release large amounts of heat during phase transition, play a critical role in many important processes, including heat dissipation, thermal energy storage, and solar energy utilization. In general, phase change materials are usually encapsulated in passive modules to provide assurance for energy management. The shape and mechanical changes of these materials are greatly ignored. An emerging class of phase change materials, liquid metals (LMs) have attracted significant interest beyond thermal management, including in transformable robots, flexible electronics, soft actuators, and biomedicine. Interestingly, the melting point of LM is highly tunable around body temperature, allowing it to experience considerable stiffness change when interacting with human organisms during solid–liquid change, which brings about novel phenomena, applied technologies, and therapeutic methods, such as mechanical destruction of tumors, neural electrode implantation technique, and embolization therapy. This review focuses on the technology, regulation, and application of the phase change process along with diverse changes of LM to facilitate emerging biomedical applications based on the influences of mechanical stiffness change and versatile regulation strategies. Typical applications will also be categorized and summarized. Lastly, the advantages and challenges of using the unique and reversible process for biomedicine will be discussed.
Metal‐Organic Framework Glass as a Functional Filler Enables Enhanced Performance of Solid‐State Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ding Junwei , Du Tao , Thomsen Emil H. , Andresen David , Fischer Mathias R. , Møller Anders K. , Petersen Andreas R. , Pedersen Andreas K. , Jensen Lars R. , Wang Shiwen , Smedskjaer Morten M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPolymers are promising candidates as solid‐state electrolytes due to their performance and processability, but fillers play a critical role in adjusting the polymer network structure and electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Most fillers studied so far are anisotropic, limiting the possibility of homogeneous ion transport. Here, applying metal‐organic framework (MOF) glass as an isotropic functional filler, solid‐state polyethylene oxide (PEO) electrolytes are prepared. Calorimetric and diffusion kinetics tests show that the MOF glass addition reduces the glass transition temperature of the polymer phase, improving the mobility of the polymer chains, and thereby facilitating lithium (Li) ion transport. By also incorporating the lithium salt and ionic liquid (IL), Li–Li symmetric cell tests of the PEO‐lithium salt‐MOF glass‐IL electrolyte reveal low overpotential, indicating low interfacial impedance. Simulations show that the isotropic structure of the MOF glass facilitates the wettability of the IL by enhancing interfacial interactions, leading to a less confined IL structure that promotes Li‐ion mobility. Finally, the obtained electrolyte is used to construct Li–lithium iron phosphate full batteries that feature high cycle stability and rate capability. This work therefore demonstrates how an isotropic functional filler can be used to enhance the electrochemical performance of solid‐state polymer electrolytes.
Mechanical Metamaterials for Handwritten Digits Recognition
Authors: Wu Lingling , Lu Yuyang , Li Penghui , Wang Yong , Xue Jiacheng , Tian Xiaoyong , Ge Shenhao , Li Xiaowen , Zhai Zirui , Lu Junqiang , Lu Xiaoli , Li Dichen , Jiang Hanqing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe increasing needs for new types of computing lie in the requirements in harsh environments. In this study, the successful development of a non‐electrical neural network is presented that functions based on mechanical computing. By overcoming the challenges of low mechanical signal transmission efficiency and intricate layout design methodologies, a mechanical neural network based on bistable kirigami‐based mechanical metamaterials have designed. In preliminary tests, the system exhibits high reliability in recognizing handwritten digits and proves operable in low‐temperature environments. This work paves the way for a new, alternative computing system with broad applications in areas where electricity is not accessible. By integrating with the traditional electronic computers, the present system lays the foundation for a more diversified form of computing.
Gate‐tunable Thermoelectric Effect in Oxide Thin Films at Room Temperature
Authors: Chatterjee Arindom , Lobato Carlos Nunez , Rosendal Victor , Anhøj Thomas Aarøe , Grivel Jean‐Claude , Trier Felix , Christensen Dennis Valbjørn , Pryds Nini 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOver the past several decades, major efforts have been directed toward the optimization of carrier concentrations to maximize thermoelectric performance. Chemical doping is an effective way to control carriers, but electrostatic gating provides a continuous tuning knob that enables effective and dynamic changes to the carrier density. Here, a method is reported that uses an electric‐double‐layer (EDL) transistor‐based ionic liquids gating to adjust the thermoelectric properties of thin films made from Nb‐doped SrTiO3 (Nb‐STO). This technique allows us to effectively change these properties at room temperature by varying the concentration of charge carriers within a broad range. A combination of lower film thickness and intrinsic carrier concentration leads to an enhanced ionic liquid‐gated response, resulting in an 18‐fold enhancement in power factor at room temperature for a 14 nm thin 4% Nb‐STO film at gate voltages within ±3.0 V. The present study offers new insights and strategies toward enhanced gate tunable thermoelectric properties in thin films.
A novel neuroimaging signature for ADRD risk stratification in the community
Authors: Satizabal Claudia L. , Beiser Alexa S. , Fletcher Evan , Seshadri Sudha , DeCarli Charles 
Published: December 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONEarly risk stratification for clinical dementia could lead to preventive therapies. We identified and validated a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signature for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ARDR).METHODSAn MRI ADRD signature was derived from cortical thickness maps in Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants with AD dementia and matched controls. The signature was related to the risk of ADRD and cognitive function in FHS. Results were replicated in the University of California Davis Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (UCD‐ADRC) cohort.RESULTSParticipants in the bottom quartile of the signature had more than three times increased risk for ADRD compared to those in the upper three quartiles (P < 0.001). Greater thickness in the signature was related to better general cognition (P < 0.01) and episodic memory (P = 0.01). Results replicated in UCD‐ADRC.DISCUSSIONWe identified a robust neuroimaging biomarker for persons at increased risk of ADRD. Other cohorts will further test the validity of this biomarker.
Alterations of Cortical Structure and Neurophysiology in Parkinson's Disease Are Aligned with Neurochemical Systems
Authors: Wiesman Alex I. , da Silva Castanheira Jason , Fon Edward A. , Baillet Sylvain ,   PREVENT‐AD Research Group,   Quebec Parkinson Network
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveParkinson's disease (PD) affects the structural integrity and neurophysiological signaling of the cortex. These alterations are related to the motor and cognitive symptoms of the disease. How these changes are related to the neurochemical systems of the cortex is unknown.MethodsWe used T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) to measure cortical thickness and task‐free neurophysiological activity in patients with idiopathic PD (nMEG = 79, nMRI = 65) and matched healthy controls (nMEG = 65, nMRI = 37). Using linear mixed‐effects models, we examined the topographical alignment of cortical structural and neurophysiological alterations in PD with cortical atlases of 19 neurotransmitter receptor and transporter densities.ResultsWe found that neurophysiological alterations in PD occur primarily in brain regions rich in acetylcholinergic, serotonergic, and glutamatergic systems, with protective implications for cognitive and psychiatric symptoms. In contrast, cortical thinning occurs preferentially in regions rich in noradrenergic systems, and the strength of this alignment relates to motor deficits.InterpretationThis study shows that the spatial organization of neurophysiological and structural alterations in PD is relevant for nonmotor and motor impairments. The data also advance the identification of the neurochemical systems implicated. The approach uses novel nested atlas modeling methodology that is transferrable to research in other neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases and syndromes. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:802–816
Friction properties of graphene reinforced nitrile rubber composites after thermal oxidation aging: Experiment and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Zhao Jing , Yu Mengmeng , Yang Yadi , Jiang Bowen , Bai Genyuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe established friction models for pure NBR, GNS/NBR, and GO/NBR composites through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Our study focused on the impact of GNS and GO on the friction properties of nitrile rubber (NBR) composite materials after undergoing thermal oxygen aging. Based on the simulation results, it can be observed that the GNS/NBR and GO/NBR composites' coefficient of friction (COF) decreases by 20.8% and 24.8%, respectively, at 348 K. Additionally, the abrasion rate is reduced by 17.4% and 25.7%, respectively, for the same composites. Adding GNS and GO can effectively improve the friction performance of the NBR composite system, and compared with GNS, GO shows a better enhancement effect. Pure NBR and GO/NBR composite materials were prepared by mechanical blending method, and the friction properties of GO‐enhanced NBR composite materials were studied. The experimental results show that the GO/NBR composite material can maintain a low friction and wear coefficient after thermal and oxygen aging. It shows that adding GO can effectively improve the friction properties of NBR composite systems and slow down the weakening effect of aging on the friction properties of NBR composite materials. This is because the GO surface contains wealthy functional groups such as epoxy groups, which enhances the binding strength between the GO and NBR interface so that the GO/NBR composite material exhibits better friction properties and thermal oxygen aging resistance. In addition, the wear surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing the damage mechanism of friction and wear of NBR composite materials.
Prognostic Role of Interferon‐λ3 in Anti–Melanoma Differentiation–Associated Gene 5–Positive Dermatomyositis‐Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Fukada Atsuki , Fujisawa Tomoyuki , Hozumi Hironao , Koda Keigo , Akamatsu Taisuke , Oyama Yoshiyuki , Satake Yasuomi , Niwa Mitsuru , Kaida Yusuke , Matsuda Hiroyuki , Yokomura Koshi , Koshimizu Naoki , Toyoshima Mikio , Imokawa Shiro , Hashimoto Dai , Yoshida Akira , Gono Takahisa , Kuwana Masataka , Yamano Yasuhiko , Kondoh Yasuhiro , Yamashita Keita , Maekawa Masato , Mori Kazutaka , Inoue Yusuke , Yasui Hideki , Suzuki Yuzo , Karayama Masato , Furuhashi Kazuki , Enomoto Noriyuki , Inui Naoki , Suda Takafumi 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveInterferon‐λ3 (IFNλ3) is a cytokine with antiviral functions on barrier surfaces, and it is associated with disease activity in autoimmune diseases. This study assessed the clinical significance of serum IFNλ3 levels in polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM)–associated interstitial lung disease (ILD).MethodsWe measured serum IFNλ3 levels in 221 patients with PM/DM‐ILD (155 in the derivation cohort, 66 in the validation cohort) and 38 controls. We evaluated factors associated with mortality risk among 79 patients with anti‐melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody–positive DM‐ILD.ResultsSerum IFNλ3 levels at diagnosis were significantly higher in patients with PM/DM‐ILD than in healthy controls. Remarkably, serum IFNλ3 levels were specifically increased in patients with anti‐MDA5 antibody–positive DM‐ILD in both the derivation and validation cohorts. In anti‐MDA5 antibody–positive DM‐ILD, patients with high IFNλ3 levels (>120 pg/mL) had significantly lower survival rates than those with low IFNλ3 levels (≤120 pg/mL). A multivariate analysis revealed that high IFNλ3 levels, as well as old age and low Pao2, were significantly associated with poor prognoses in patients with anti‐MDA5 antibody–positive DM‐ILD. In a classification analysis of patients with anti‐MDA5 antibody–positive DM‐ILD based on age, IFNλ3 level, and Pao2, patients with old age (>53 years), high IFNλ3 levels (>120 pg/mL), and low Pao2 (<75 mm Hg) had the worst survival. In lung pathologic analyses, IFNλ3‐positive staining was observed in macrophages, airway epithelial cells, the pleural region, and intrapulmonary veins in patients with anti‐MDA5 antibody–positive DM‐ILD.ConclusionSerum IFNλ3 is a promising biomarker for identifying patients at high risk of poor outcomes in anti‐MDA5 antibody–positive DM‐ILD.