bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revised Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension Criteria and Their Prognostic Value in IPF Transplant Waitlist Survival
Authors: Dhanani Zehra , Nicholson Michael J. , Gayen Shameek 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a leading indication for lung transplantation. Pulmonary hypertension (PH), a common comorbidity in IPF, has gained renewed attention following the updated ESC/ERS guidelines, which redefine diagnostic thresholds for PH. This study evaluates the impact of the revised PH criteria on transplant waitlist outcomes among IPF patients. Specifically, we assessed the prevalence of PH under the new guidelines and its association with waitlist survival. We conducted a retrospective analysis using the OPTN/SRTR database, including 14,156 IPF candidates listed for lung transplantation. Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan–Meier and multivariate models to examine the influence of revised mPAP and PVR thresholds on waitlist mortality. The prevalence of PH, defined by the revised criteria, was significantly higher compared to the prior definition. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated worse waitlist survival for patients with PH under both diagnostic thresholds. However, multivariate analysis revealed that mPAP and PVR thresholds were not independently predictive of mortality. Instead, clinical parameters, including 6MWD, functional status, BMI, FVC, PaCO2, and double lung transplant preference, were significant predictors of waitlist mortality. In conclusion, while the revised PH diagnostic criteria increase PH prevalence in IPF patients, their independent prognostic utility for waitlist survival is limited. This national transplant database study underscores the importance of comprehensive clinical evaluation and timely referral for transplantation in managing IPF with PH.
Study on Recycled Polyester/Nylon/Spandex Modified by LDPE and LLDPE
Authors: Kuang Xin‐mou , Su Min‐ru , Wang Liang , Li Hao , Shen Xiao‐lan , Yu Meng‐yun , Wu Yi‐ran , Liu Sheng‐kang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo enhance the utilization value of recycled materials like polyester, nylon, spandex, low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), and linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE), recycled polyester, nylon, and spandex were employed as raw materials. Firstly, the recycled polyester, nylon, and spandex were pretreated in pellet form to obtain pretreated mixed materials. Secondly, these pretreated materials were blended with other materials such as LDPE and LLDPE. Finally, the composite materials were fabricated through extrusion and injection molding. The mechanical properties of LDPE and LLDPE composites modified with recycled polyester, nylon, and spandex were investigated by comparing their respective mechanical properties. The fracture surface microstructure of the composite materials was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The results are as follows: (a) As the amount of polyester/nylon/spandex‐blended chemical fibers increased after pellet pretreatment, the maximum tensile strength, bending strength, and bending modulus of LDPE composites reached 22.16, 32.57, and 1252.8 MPa, respectively. Similarly, for LLDPE composites, the respective maxima were 22.35, 31.03, and 1259.2 MPa. (b) As the content of polyester/nylon/spandex hybrid fibers increased after mass pretreatment, the maximum impact strength and fracture elongation of the LDPE composite were 49.15 kJ/m2 and 19.29%, respectively. For LLDPE composite, the respective maxima were 31.64 kJ/m2 and 312.1%.
Polyoxometalate Nanomaterials for Tumor Phototherapy
Authors: Li Xue , Liu Xiangwei , Tao Ying , Feng Wei , Wang Haozhe , Xu Meifei , Sun Yuan , Sun Tiedong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPolyoxometalates (POM) are a class of inorganic metal oxides with distinctive structural characteristics, compositional versatility, high catalytic efficacy, and convenient storage properties. In recent years, POM have shown considerable potential for mimicking enzyme activities. Besides their biological activities, POM have been demonstrated to possess the ability to sense diseases and perform synergistic therapies based on their redox and near‐infrared absorption properties. Similar to the metallic nanoparticles and the organic materials, these inorganic clusters also exhibit distinctive photothermal imaging and therapeutic properties. Based on this, the current review focuses exclusively on the application of POM in the photothermal therapy of tumors. Furthermore, the advantages and the potential issues associated with the current POM‐based nanomaterials in tumor therapy are discussed and analyzed.
Optimized Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Corn Silk and Corn Silk Hydrochar
Authors: Ekinci Selma , Onat Erhan , Atiç Serdal 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study investigates the development and optimization of activated carbon (AC) from corn silk (CS‐AC) and corn silk hydrochar (CS‐HC‐AC) as a sustainable solution for water purification. For the first time, hydrothermal treatment and activation processes were employed, producing AC from corn silk with improved structural properties. CS‐HC‐AC exhibited a remarkable SBET surface area of 331.233 m2 g−1, surpassing the 7.335 m2 g−1 of CS‐AC. Key factors such as temperature, activation time, and activator rate were optimized (100% activator rate, 500 °C temperature, and 60 min activation time), with K2CO3 and ZnCl2 identified as the most effective activators for CS‐AC and CS‐HC‐AC, respectively. The resulting ACs showed high adsorption capacities for heavy metals (Cr(VI), Pb(II), and Ni(II)) and methylene blue dye.
Holistic Investigation of Graphene Quantum Dot Endocytosis
Authors: Topkiran Ugur C. , Valimukhametova Alina R. , Vashani Diya , Paul Himish , Dorsky Abby , Sottile Olivia , Johnson Dustin A. , Burnett William , Coffer Jeffery L. , Akkaraju Giridhar R. , Naumov Anton V. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGraphene quantum dots (GQDs) have gained popularity in nano‐biotechnology due to their multifunctional delivery and imaging capabilities. The outcome of their therapeutic delivery applications relies on understanding cell internalization routes. Current literature presents often conflicting results based on surveying only a few endocytosis inhibitors. Herein, a holistic approach to cell uptake studies by utilizing six different inhibitors while considering their on‐ and off‐target effects on internalization of the GQDs of different charges is provided. Endocytosis paths are explored by tracking intracellular GQD fluorescence in HeLa or HEK‐293 cells. Contrary to the previous assumptions of a singular entry route, findings suggest that GQDs enter the cells through several endocytosis paths with some more prevalent than others. Selectivity between the pathways is based on GQD charge and functional groups. Positively charged nitrogen‐doped GQDs (NGQDs) predominantly utilize a fast endophilin‐mediated endocytosis (FEME) in HeLa cells with a secondary preference for clathrin‐mediated endocytosis (CME). In HEK‐293 cells NGQDs internalize via clathrin‐independent, glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored protein‐enriched compartments (CLIC/GEEC) and FEME. Conversely, GQDs with a substantial negative surface charge uptake through CME in HeLa cells. The optimization of these mechanisms can enhance GQD applications in biomedicine, ideally streamlining their translation into the clinic.
Engineering of Covalently Bonded Electrode/Electrolyte for Inorganic‐Based Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Wang Linlin , Xie Zhuohao , Wu Xianzhi , Xiao Yong , Hu Hang , Liang Yeru 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes have garnered significant attention due to their inherent advantages in safety and electrochemical stability. Despite these benefits, the interfacial issues between the electrode and the solid‐state electrolyte continue to hinder the widespread application of solid‐state lithium batteries. The lack of effective interfacial contact, particularly in inorganic solid electrolytes (ISEs), remains a critical barrier to achieving optimal battery performance. This study proposes a strategy to address this challenge by constructing a covalent electrode/ISE interface. Strengthening the interactions between the cathode and ISE reduces interfacial resistance and enhances electrochemical stability, leading to significant improvements in battery performance. The resulting solid‐state lithium battery, featuring a stable covalent coupling at the electrode/ISE interface, demonstrates outstanding cycling stability, retaining 85% of its initial capacity after 700 cycles at 1 C. This work not only provides new insights into overcoming interfacial resistance in ISEs but also offers a promising approach for the development of high‐performance solid‐state lithium batteries.
Design High‐Performance Stretchable Light‐Harvesting Polymers for Organic Solar Cells via Synergistic Effect of Flexible Alkyl Segment and Hydrogen Bond
Authors: Wang Hongli , Kou Hongming , Pan Jiye , Wang Xunchang , Liu Deyu , Yang Renqiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractStretchable organic solar cells (SOSCs) have great application prospects to serve as energy supply systems, which can be fully incorporated with wearable electronic devices to achieve truly integrated systems that are fully stretchable and wearable. However, the stretchable polymer light‐harvesting active layer has not been successfully developed, which limits the development of stretchable organic solar cells. In this regard, a series of stretchable light‐harvesting donor and acceptor polymers are designed and synthesized by introducing amide units with flexible alkyl segments and hydrogen bonds as the third component into the PM6 and PY‐IT based conjugated polymer backbones. Hydrogen bonds and flexible alkyl segments can dissipate tensile stress for high stretchability. In addition, hydrogen bonds can reduce the impact of flexible alkyl segments on intermolecular stacking, thus maintaining good photovoltaic performance. The obtained results suggest that the incorporation of amide units (5 mol% content) into the donor polymer can efficiently improve the stretchability without compromising the photovoltaic performance. This study provides an understanding of the impact of amide units on properties, offering another entry to the molecular design guidelines for high‐performance stretchable light‐harvesting polymers, developing high‐performance stretchable organic solar cells, and further promoting the development of wearable electronic devices.
Chemical Engineering of DNAzyme for Effective Biosensing and Gene Therapy
Authors: Wang Rong , Huang Zhimei , Wu Zhenkun , Li Xin , Jiang Jian‐Hui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRNA‐cleaving DNAzymes are in vitro selected functional nucleic acids with inherent catalytic activities. Due to their unique properties, such as high specificity, substrate cleavage capability, and programmability, DNAzymes have emerged as powerful tools in the fields of analytical chemistry, chemical biology, and biomedicine. Nevertheless, the biological applications of DNAzymes are still impeded by several challenges, such as structural instability, compromised catalytic activity in biological environments and the lack of spatiotemporal control designs, which may result in false‐positive signals, limited efficacy or non‐specific activation associated with side effects. To address these challenges, various strategies have been explored to regulate DNAzyme activity through chemical modifications, enhancing their stability, selectivity, and functionality, thereby positioning them as ideal candidates for biological applications. In this review, a comprehensive overview of chemically modified DNAzymes is provided, discussing modification strategies and the effects of these modifications on DNAzymes. Specific examples of the use of chemically modified DNAzymes in biosensing and gene therapy are also presented and discussed. Finally, the current challenges in the field are addressed and offer perspectives on the potential direction for chemically modified DNAzymes.
Tofacitinib for the treatment of chronic pouchitis: A pilot study
Authors: de Jong Djuna C. , Goetgebuer Rogier , Müskens Bart L. M. , Neefjes‐Borst E. Andra , Gecse Krisztina B. , Löwenberg Mark , de Jonge Wouter , Bemelman Willem , Ponsioen Cyriel , D'Haens Geert R. , Duijvestein Marjolijn 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground & AimsUp to 15% of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with an ileo‐anal pouch will develop chronic or antibiotic refractory pouchitis. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in these refractory patients.MethodsIn this prospective single center study, adult UC patients with chronic or antibiotic refractory pouchitis (pouchitis disease activity index [PDAI] ≥ 7) were treated with tofacitinib 10 mg twice daily for 8 weeks. Clinical, biochemical, endoscopic and histologic disease activity was assessed at baseline and at week 8. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving clinical remission (PDAI < 7 and a reduction of ≥3 points from baseline) or clinical response (decrease ≥2 points from baseline).ResultsThirteen patients were included and treated with tofacitinib. After 8 weeks, 31% achieved PDAI‐defined remission (4/13) and 54% achieved response (7/13). Both the total PDAI score (11 [interquartile range 9–12.75] vs. 8 [4.5–9.75], p = 0.033) and the clinical PDAI subscore (4 [3–4] vs. 2 [0.25–3.75], p = 0.014) decreased significantly from baseline compared to week 8 or early withdrawal, respectively. We did not observe a change in endoscopic or histological PDAI subscores.ConclusionIn this pilot study, clinical remission in patients with chronic pouchitis was achieved in 31% of patients after 8 weeks of treatment with tofacitinib. Total and clinical PDAI dropped significantly compared with baseline, but we did not observe a significant change in endoscopic or histologic disease activity. Presumably, a treatment duration of 8 weeks is insufficient to induce mucosal healing in these refractory patients.
Prioritization of Subwatershed Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System in Gandaki Province, Nepal
Authors: Poudel Diwakar , Panthi Saroj , Kharel Ripesh , Gautam Aayush , Dhungana Badri Raj , Ghimire Krishna Prasad , Dhakal Maheshwar , Karki Ajay , Adhikari Indra Prasad , Adhikari Shyam Sundar , Gurung Anup , Baral Umanga , Sedhai Chandra Prakash , Mishra Shambhu Kumar , Giri Prakash , Sedhai Nischal , Poudel Arbin , BK Rana Bahadur , Pariyar Shiva 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWatershed degradation is a significant global problem, and as a mountainous nation, Nepal faces even greater challenges in managing its water resources. Because it is largely unrealistic to execute management plans at a time for a large spatial extent, subwatershed prioritization has now become a promising approach for managing watersheds. Our study delineated and prioritize subwatersheds in the Gandaki Province, Nepal, utilizing geospatial technique‐based morphometric analysis for the first time at provincial level. Using Digital Elevation Model having a 30‐m resolution in ArcGIS, we delineated 121 subwatersheds across the province, ranging in size from 29 to 796 km2. Subwatersheds were quantitatively ranked for prioritization by assigning a 60% weight to biophysical parameters and 40% to anthropogenic factors. The study's approach is novel in its inclusion of road network density and livestock density within the anthropogenic aspect, each assigned 10 points, alongside population density that received 20 points. Eleven subwatersheds, one from each district, were prioritized because of the highest degradation risk. Myagdi Khola 3 in Myagdi district, covering an area of 309 km2, and Kali Gandaki Nadi 1 in Parbat district, covering 33 km2, were the two highest prioritized subwatersheds with a prioritization score of 100. The subwatersheds scoring higher priorities should be adopted for development and management programs with immediate effect. This prioritization approach directly contributes to Sustainable Development Goals by promoting targeted action for water resource management, supporting ecosystem preservation, and climate resilience.
Data Management and the ‘BBNJ Standardized Batch Identifier’ Under the BBNJ Agreement
Authors: Lawson Charles , Humphries Fran , Jaspars Marcel , Rabone Muriel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter addresses two innovations in the BBNJ Agreement—the ‘“BBNJ” standardized batch identifier’ (BBNJ Identifier) and the data management plan (DMP). The BBNJ Identifier is a means to link information about the subject matter of the BBNJ Agreement—marine genetic resources (MGRs) and digital sequence information on MGRs (DSI)—back to reporting on usage, to enable transparency and equitable benefit sharing. DMPs outline processes and standards for data creation, access, ownership, management and storage, and the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders where data is derived from MGRs and associated DSI. Both requirements are important to fulfilling the BBNJ Agreement obligation that MGR data are Findable Accessible Interoperable and Reusable, or FAIR. This chapter outlines the BBNJ Agreement obligations and the areas that will require further input as the agreement develops into practice, with direction from the subsidiary bodies: the Conference of the Parties (COP); the Scientific and Technical Body (STB), and the Access and Benefit-Sharing Committee (ABSC). It provides legal perspectives and context on the data requirements in relation to other relevant legal frameworks. The chapter concludes that the BBNJ Identifier and DMPs can contribute to modalities for the sharing of the benefits arising from the use of MGRs and DSI that are mutually supportive of, and adaptable to other access and benefit-sharing instruments.
Conclusions: Equity, Sustainability, and Transformation Under the BBNJ Agreement
Authors: Morgera Elisa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter reflects on the overarching contributions of the Agreement Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction to inter- and intra-generational equity, environmental sustainability, and transformation. The chapter explains the areas of the Agreement that will require further development during its implementation in terms of incomplete theorization. The chapter will reflect on how the BBNJ Agreement can contribute to enhanced international cooperation to ultimately support the protection of everyone’s human right to a healthy environment.
The Novel Notification Information System for Marine Genetic Resources Under the BBNJ Agreement
Authors: Humphries Fran , Jaspars Marcel , Lavelle Jessica , Kachelriess Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The new treaty on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction promotes equity through the fair and equitable sharing of benefits from activities with respect to marine genetic resources (MGR) and digital sequence information (DSI). To obtain information about these activities, the treaty provides a framework for a ‘light touch’ notification system, leaving many questions about how it might work in practice. Using textual legal analysis, this chapter draws from the negotiation history to offer a detailed interpretation of articles 11 and 12 of the treaty and the key features of the notification system: collection and utilization notifications and procedures for access to MGR and DSI in repositories and databases. It offers practical considerations about how its innovative features such as the BBNJ Standardized Batch Identifier may work in practice and summarises some priority areas for clarification if the notification system is to be effective for years to come as technologies change.
Lohnt sich AIT? Wirtschaftlichkeitsbetrachtung der allergenspezifischen Immuntherapie (AIT) für den niedergelassenen Hals-Nasen-Ohren(HNO)-Arzt
Authors: Reineke U. , Cappello C. 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Allergien haben für Patienten, aber auch für die Kostenträger und die Volkswirtschaft eine enorme Bedeutung. Die Wirksamkeit und die Kosteneffektivität der allergenspezifischen Immuntherapie (AIT) gegenüber symptomatischen Behandlungen wurden bereits in verschiedenen Studien belegt. In Deutschland sind Allergiepatienten jedoch unterversorgt. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der Honorierung der allergologischen Diagnostik und AIT für niedergelassene Hals-Nasen-Ohren(HNO)-Ärzte. Eine Modellberechnung wurde für die Vergütung allergologischer Leistungen für zwölf Kassenärztliche Vereinigungen (KV) auf Basis des einheitlichen Bewertungsmaßstabes (EBM) und der KV-spezifischen Regelungen für das Jahr 2022 durchgeführt [20, 22]. Die Honorierung wurde sowohl gemäß der Werte im EBM als auch mit einem abgesenkten Punktwert kalkuliert. Die Vergütung wurde quartalsweise, für eine dreijährige Therapie und pro Stunde für subkutane Immuntherapien (SCIT) und sublinguale Immuntherapien (SLIT) analysiert und in Relation zum jeweiligen durchschnittlichen Honorar pro Behandlungsfall (DHPB) gesetzt. Bei Einhaltung des Budgets liegt die Honorierung eines HNO-Arztes in jeder KV bei einer SCIT über dem DHPB. Dies ist in den meisten KV auch dann der Fall, wenn der Überschuss zum Fallwert nur mit 15 % honoriert wird. Das Honorar bei einer dreijährigen SLIT ist in allen KV geringer als das DHPB. Die allergologische Diagnostik und die AIT rechnen sich für HNO-Praxen. Die Fortsetzungsbehandlung zeigt ein positives Aufwand-Ertrag-Verhältnis und unterstützt somit die Forderung nach einer dreijährigen Therapietreue.
QTL mapping and whole-genome sequencing analysis for novel genetic resources associated with sucrose content in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
Authors: Lee Dongho , Vuong Tri D. , Shannon James G. , Song Qijian , Lin Feng , Nguyen Henry T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Key message
A major QTL for sucrose content was mapped on chromosome 8 in PI 506593. The novel genetic variants and candidate genes were further identified within the major QTL.

Abstract
Sucrose in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] contribute to animal feed efficiency and natural sweetness of soy products. Thus, identifying novel genetic resources, such as quantitative trait loci (QTL), associated with sucrose content in soybean is essential for enhancing seed values. In this study, two recombinant inbred line populations derived from the same high sucrose donor parent, PI 506593, were used to identify significant QTLs. A total of 11 sucrose-related regions on chromosomes (Chrs.) 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 13 were identified using QTL analysis. Among them, four QTLs (qSUC_08.1, qSUC_08.2, qSUC_08.3, and qSUC_08.4) were clustered in the interval of 40,597,410–42,861,364 bp on Chr. 8, which was considered major QTL region. A desirable marker at 41,834,095 bp was tested in two populations, showing that two phenotypically extreme groups were efficiently differentiated. We further identified 44 and 54 candidate genes with non-synonymous mutations in the major QTL region based on the annotations of Wm82.a2.v1 and Wm82.a5.v1 assemblies, respectively. Among 54 candidate genes from Wm82.a5.v1, Protein Variation Effect Analyzer (PROVEAN) revealed that 18 genes contained 34 variants that had deleterious impacts on biological functions. RNA-seq analysis highlighted five candidate genes that were highly expressed in pod and seed tissues during reproductive stages and other plant parts. A gene, Gm_Wm82_23219 (Glyma.08G293800, Wm82.a2.v1) encoding proline-rich protein 4-like, was highlighted in both PROVEAN and RNA-seq analyses. Novel findings in this study will be valuable genetic resources in soybean breeding programs that aim to improve efficiency in animal feed and human food.