bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among healthcare workers in Katsina state: a cross-sectional study in Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Ahmed Tijani , Suleiman Kabir , Ahmad Suleiman Idris , Yahaya Shamsuddeen Suleiman , Bello Umar Ibrahim , Suleiman Bello Abdullahi , Haladu Suleiman Ahmed , Al-Mustapha Ahmad Ibrahim , Abubakar Musa Imam 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesHealthcare workers were prioritised to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria. Administration of COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria was challenging because of a lack of trust in vaccine safety and vaccine effectiveness among healthcare workers, who are expected to provide reliable information about vaccines and vaccine-preventable diseases in the communities. Hence, their acceptance and attitudes towards COVID-19 preventive practices could influence the acceptance of the vaccine by the local population. This cross-sectional study assessed the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers in Katsina State. We predicted the variables that increased the vaccine acceptance using logistic regression analysis.SettingThis hospital-based study was conducted at primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities in Nigeria.ParticipantsA total of 793 healthcare workers were included in this study. Of these, 65.4% (n=519) were male.Outcome measuresTo assess acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine measures, and factors increasing acceptance among healthcare workers.ResultsOf the healthcare workers, 80% (638) were tested for the SARS-CoV-2, of whom 10.8% (n=65) tested positive. Approximately 97% (n=765) of them believed that the COVID-19 vaccine was safe, and 90% (n=714) received the first dose of the vaccine. Healthcare workers between 30 and 39 years were more likely to accept the vaccine (aOR: 7.06; 95% CI 2.36 to 21.07; p<0.001). Those who had been tested for COVID-19 were more likely (aOR:7.64; 95% CI 3.62 to 16.16; p<0.001) to accept the vaccine.ConclusionsOur findings showed that the age and prior COVID-19 testing were the main factors influencing the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. There was high acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers in Katsina State, Nigeria. Future studies should focus on the completion of doses and serological testing for immunity.
Gaawaadhi Gadudha: understanding how cultural camps impact health, well-being and resilience among Aboriginal adults in New South Wales, Australia—a collaborative study protocol
Authors: Yashadhana Aryati , Zwi Anthony B , Brady Brooke , De Leeuw Evelyne , Kingsley Jonathan , O'Leary Michelle , Raven Miri , Serova Nina , Topp Stephanie M , Fields Ted , Foster Warren , Jopson Wendy , Biles Brett 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe health and well-being of Aboriginal Australians is inextricably linked to culture and Country. Our study challenges deficit approaches to health inequities by seeking to examine how cultural connection, practice and resilience among Aboriginal peoples through participation in ‘cultural camps’ held on sites of cultural significance promotes health and well-being.Methods and analysisThe study will be undertaken in close collaboration and under the governance of traditional cultural knowledge holders from Yuwaalaraay, Gamilaraay and Yuin nation groups in New South Wales, Australia. Three cultural camps will be facilitated, where participants (n=105) will engage in activities that foster a connection to culture and cultural landscapes. A survey assessing connection to culture, access to cultural resources, resilience, self-rated health and quality of life will be administered to participants pre-camp and post-camp participation, and to a comparative group of Aboriginal adults who do not attend the camp (n=105). Twenty participants at each camp (n=60) will be invited to participate in a yarning circle to explore cultural health, well-being and resilience. Quantitative analysis will use independent samples’ t-tests or χ2analyses to compare camp and non-camp groups, and linear regression models to determine the impact of camp attendance. Qualitative analysis will apply inductive coding to data, which will be used to identify connections between coded concepts across the whole data set, and explore phenomenological aspects. Results will be used to collaboratively develop a ‘Model of Cultural Health’ that will be refined through a Delphi process with experts, stakeholders and policymakers.Ethics and disseminationThe study has ethics approval from the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council (#1851/21). Findings will be disseminated through a combination of peer-reviewed articles, media communication, policy briefs, presentations and summary documents to stakeholders.
Cold, dark and malnourished: a cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between energy poverty and household burden of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Dake Fidelia A A , Christian Aaron K 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveEnergy poverty contributes to the general well-being of households; however, there is representational paucity on its role in household nutrition across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study examined the influence of different domains of energy poverty and a Multidimensional Energy Poverty Index (MEPI) on household burden of malnutrition in SSA.SettingSecondary data from the most recent Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 18 SSA countries were analysed.DesignA cross-sectional design was used to examine the relationship between household energy poverty and household burden of malnutrition.MethodsDifferent dimensions of household energy poverty and an MEPI were computed from the sources of energy used for cooking, lighting, entertainment and accessing information by households. Household burden of malnutrition was coded as a binary categorical dependent variable using indicators of undernutrition, overnutrition and anaemia among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) and children under five years in the household.ResultsMore than nine in ten households were energy poor in terms of cooking fuel and about three in four were energy poor in terms of lighting. Considering the various domains of energy poverty, lack of electricity for lighting, using biofuels, not owning a refrigerator/freezer, not owning a television/radio and not owning a mobile phone were associated with increased odds of a household experiencing undernutrition. Similarly, deprivation in these domains was associated with a lower likelihood of households experiencing overnutrition, the only exception being using biofuels. Overall, households that were most energy poor on the MEPI were more likely to be undernourished and double and triple burden malnutrition households but less likely to suffer from overnutrition.ConclusionThese results highlight the complex and multifaceted nature of the relationship between energy poverty and household burden of malnutrition and provides guidance for appropriate interventions to address energy poverty and malnutrition in SSA.
Protocol for the PORT study: short-term perioperative rehabilitation to improve outcomes in cardiac valvular surgery – a randomised control trial
Authors: Zhou Haofeng , Liu Fengyao , Liu Yuanhui , He Xuyu , Ma Huan , Xu Mingyu , Wang Haochen , Zhang Guolin , Cai Xiangyu , Chen Ji-Yan , Guo Lan , Chen Jimei 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPerioperative rehabilitation (PORT) has shown a positive effect on patients undergoing cardiac surgery. However, there are minimal data on the impact of short-term PORT in cardiac surgery, which is associated with higher postoperative morbidity and mortality. The trial will assess the efficacy of short-term PORT in reducing in-hospital mortality, postoperative pulmonary complications and length of stay, compared with the usual care in cardiac surgical patients.Methods and analysisThis is a single-centre prospective, randomised, open, controlled trial with a 1:1 ratio. Consecutive 800 adult patients undergoing elective valve surgery will be randomised to either usual care or in-hospital short-term PORT that consists of education, inspiratory muscle training, active cycle of breathing techniques and early mobilisation. The primary outcome of this study will be a composite of in-hospital all-cause mortality, incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications and the ratio of postoperative hospitalisation >7 days.Ethics and disseminationThe PORT study was granted by the Medical Research Ethics Committee of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital in August 2018. Findings will be disseminated to patients, clinicians and commissioning groups through peer-reviewed publication.Trial registration numberNCT03709511.
Active close contact investigation of tuberculosis through computer-aided detection and stool Xpert MTB/RIF among people living in Oromia Region, Ethiopia (CADOOL Study): protocol for a prospective, cross-sectional study
Authors: Segala Francesco Vladimiro , Nigussa Worku , Guido Giacomo , Kenate Birhanu , Facci Enzo , Tsegaye Ademe , Gulo Berhanu , Manenti Fabio , Bobosha Kidist , Cotugno Sergio , Asmare Azmach Biset , Cavallin Francesco , Tilahun Melaku , Miccio Maddalena , Abdissa Alemseged , Putoto Giovanni , Saracino Annalisa , Di Gennaro Francesco 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease with high incidence in low-income countries (LICs); it remains one of the infectious diseases with the highest mortality in the world, especially in LICs. It is crucial to recognise and diagnose TB as soon as possible, but microbiological tests on sputum are not always sensitive enough. New methods for an early diagnosis of TB are needed. In this study, we will investigate the role of two different tests to detect TB in Ethiopia (where the prevalence of TB is high): molecular search for TB in stool samples with Xpert assay and detection of pulmonary TB signs on chest X-rays with CAD4TB technology.Methods and analysisA prospective diagnostic test accuracy study during TB active contact investigation will be conducted. In the referral hospital in Southwest Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, patients with pulmonary TB and a sputum sample positive forMycobacterium tuberculosisand household contacts of at least 4 years of age will be enrolled, with a target sample size of 231 patients. Trained staff will label household contacts as ‘possible TB’ cases or not according to their symptoms; when TB is possible, a stool Xpert and computer-aided detection on chest X-ray will be performed, alongside standard diagnostic methods, assessing the diagnostic accuracy of CAD4TB compared with Xpert MTB/RIF during TB contact investigation and the accuracy of stool Xpert compared with sputum Xpert.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Oromia Health Bureau Research Ethics Committee (ref no BFO/MBTFH/1-16/100023). All information obtained will be kept confidential. Selected investigators will have access to data, while international partners will sign a dedicated data protection agreement. Eligible participants will receive brief information about the study before being asked to participate and they will provide written informed consent. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT05818059.
Evaluation of functional vision and eye-related quality of life in children with congenital ectopia lentis: a prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Liang Xiaolin , Zheng Danying , Young Charlotte Aimee , Ma Yiyuan , Ling Lirong , Zou Minjie , Liu Siyuan , Zhang Xinyu , Jin Guangming 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the effect of congenital ectopia lentis (CEL) on functional vision and eye-related quality of life (ER-QOL) in children and their families using the Paediatric Eye Questionnaire (PedEyeQ).DesignA questionnaire survey administered via in-person interviews of patients with CEL and their parents.Participants51 children with CEL and 53 visually normal controls accompanied by 1 parent completed the survey questionnaires for the study from March 2022 to September 2022.Outcome measuresPedEyeQ domain scores. Functional vision and ER-QOL of children and their families were evaluated by calculating and comparing the Rasch domain scores of the PedEyeQ.ResultsPedEyeQ domain scores were significantly worse with CEL compared with controls (p<0.01 for each), with the exception of the Proxy Social domain among children aged 0–4 years (p=0.283). Child PedEyeQ greatest differences were in the functional vision domain (5–11 years, −20 points (95% CI −27 to −12)) and frustration/worry domain (12–17 years, −41 (95% CI −37 to −6)). Proxy PedEyeQ greatest differences were in the functional vision domain (0–4 years, −34 (95% CI −45 to −22)) and frustration/worry domain (5–11 years, −27 (95% CI −39 to −14); 12–17 years, −37(95% CI (−48 to −26))). Parent PedEyeQ greatest difference was in the ‘worry about child’s eye condition’ (−57 (95% CI (−63 to −51))).ConclusionsIn this study, children with CEL had reduced functional vision and ER-QOL compared with controls. Parents of children with CEL also experience reduced quality of life.
Development and application of simulation modelling for orthopaedic elective resource planning in England
Authors: Harper Alison , Monks Thomas , Wilson Rebecca , Redaniel Maria Theresa , Eyles Emily , Jones Tim , Penfold Chris , Elliott Andrew , Keen Tim , Pitt Martin , Blom Ashley , Whitehouse Michael R , Judge Andrew 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop a simulation model to support orthopaedic elective capacity planning.MethodsAn open-source, generalisable discrete-event simulation was developed, including a web-based application. The model used anonymised patient records between 2016 and 2019 of elective orthopaedic procedures from a National Health Service (NHS) Trust in England. In this paper, it is used to investigate scenarios including resourcing (beds and theatres) and productivity (lengths of stay, delayed discharges and theatre activity) to support planning for meeting new NHS targets aimed at reducing elective orthopaedic surgical backlogs in a proposed ring-fenced orthopaedic surgical facility. The simulation is interactive and intended for use by health service planners and clinicians.ResultsA higher number of beds (65–70) than the proposed number (40 beds) will be required if lengths of stay and delayed discharge rates remain unchanged. Reducing lengths of stay in line with national benchmarks reduces bed utilisation to an estimated 60%, allowing for additional theatre activity such as weekend working. Further, reducing the proportion of patients with a delayed discharge by 75% reduces bed utilisation to below 40%, even with weekend working. A range of other scenarios can also be investigated directly by NHS planners using the interactive web app.ConclusionsThe simulation model is intended to support capacity planning of orthopaedic elective services by identifying a balance of capacity across theatres and beds and predicting the impact of productivity measures on capacity requirements. It is applicable beyond the study site and can be adapted for other specialties.
Factors affecting antenatal screening for HIV in Nepal: results from Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys 2016 and 2022
Authors: Sabin Lucie , Saville Naomi , Dixit Devkota Madhu , Haghparast-Bidgoli Hassan 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesAntenatal screening for HIV remains low in Nepal. Identifying factors associated with the uptake of antenatal screening is essential to increase uptake and prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). This study investigated the effects of individual-level and district-level characteristics on the utilisation of antenatal screening for HIV in Nepal and how these effects changed between 2016 and 2022.DesignWe used publicly available cross-sectional data from 2016 to 2022 Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys.SettingStratified, multistage, random sampling was used to collect nationally representative data.Participants1978 and 2007 women aged 15–49 years who gave birth in the 2 years preceding the surveys.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe used multilevel models to estimate associations between antenatal screening and potential factors influencing it in 2016 and 2022. We used districts as a random effect and looked at the intraclass correlation coefficients to disentangle the geographical effects. To distinguish barriers to HIV screening from barriers to accessing antenatal care (ANC) services, we performed similar analyses with whether the woman attended at least one ANC visit as the dependent variable.ResultsFactors associated with antenatal screening have not changed significantly between 2016 and 2022. Higher uptake of HIV screening was found among women with higher education, the pregnancy being desired later and women who had four or more ANC visits. Being from a poorer family and having low knowledge of MTCT and the medicines to prevent transmission were associated with lower uptake. From the supply side, no factors had a significant effect on antenatal screening. Factors associated with antenatal screening and those associated with any ANC were different. Our results also showed a partial importance of geographical factors on screening uptake.ConclusionsOur results supported that antenatal screening could be improved by enhancing access to information and improving the availability of free screening.
Acoustic stimulation for relieving pain during venipuncture: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Yamada Yosuke , Kitamura Mineaki , Inayama Emi , Kishida Masatsugu , Kataoka Yuki , Ikenoue Tatsuyoshi 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo assess whether acoustic stimulations relieve venipuncture pain and determine which stimulation is the most effective type.DesignSystematic review and network meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform databases were systematically searched in September 2023.Study selectionRandomised controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of acoustic stimulations on patients undergoing venipuncture were eligible. Acoustic stimulations were classified into seven categories: five types of acoustic stimulations (music medicine (researcher selected), music medicine (patient selected), music therapy, sounds with linguistic meaning and sounds without linguistic meaning) and two controls (only wearing headphones and no treatment).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcomes included self-reported pain intensity assessed during venipuncture and treatment cost, and secondary outcomes were self-reported mental distress and adverse events.ResultsOf 6406 citations, this network meta-analysis included 27 studies including 3416 participants; the mean age was 31.5 years, and 57% were men. Among the five types of acoustic stimulations, only musical interventions, such as music medicine (patient selected) (standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.44 (95% CI: −0.84 to –0.03); low confidence), music medicine (researcher selected) (SMD −0.76 (95% CI: −1.10 to –0.42); low confidence) and music therapy (SMD −0.79 (95% CI: −1.44 to –0.14); low confidence), were associated with improved pain relief during venipuncture compared with no treatment. No significant differences existed between the types of acoustic stimulations. Free-of-charge acoustic stimulations were provided to patients, and no specific adverse events were reported. In many studies, the risk of bias was rated high because of the difficulty of blinding the intervention to the participants and the self-reported pain outcome.ConclusionsMusic interventions were associated with reduced venipuncture pain. Comparisons between types of acoustic stimulations revealed no significant differences. Therefore, music intervention could be a safe and inexpensive pain relief method for venipuncture.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022303852.
Social prescribing for children and young people with neurodisability and their families initiated in a hospital setting: a systematic review
Authors: Gordon Katie , Gordon Laura , Basu Anna Purna 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesSocial prescribing (SP) is a non-medical intervention in which professionals refer patients to a link worker (LW), who connects them with appropriate support. Children and young people (CYP) with neurodisability often have unmet needs and may bypass community initiatives. We undertook a review of hospital-initiated SP for CYP with neurodisability.DesignSystematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidance and using Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.Data sourcesMedline, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and FutureNHS, searched from 1 January 2000 to 19 October 2023, with no language restrictions.Eligibility criteriaStudies describing SP interventions for CYP (ages 0–25 years) with neurodisability/neurodivergence. Exclusions: interventions outside of secondary care; with no description; or no LW.Data extraction and synthesisTwo researchers independently screened references. Data were charted, summarised, quality assessments performed and narratively reviewed.ResultsAfter removal of duplicates, 518 references were identified. Following screening, eight articles (covering five SP schemes) were included. Rahiet alconnected 68 families of CYP newly diagnosed with visual impairment to a community LW. Families needed information about social and educational services, and emotional support. Healthcare professionals had more time for clinical issues. Six papers described three different digital interventions supporting in total 86 CYP with traumatic brain injury and their families. Wadeet al(2004, 2005a, 2005b) provided a website with core and individualised sessions, and weekly therapist support. Wadeet al(2018) provided a smartphone application, website and weekly meetings with an online coach. These interventions boosted social behaviours. Wadeet al(2014, 2015) found that online family problem-solving therapy improved overall child functioning compared with self-guided resources. Toutainet al(2009) provided non-medical support to 11 children with fetal alcohol syndrome and their mothers. No outcome data were provided. Studies reported benefits to health, well-being, healthcare usage, knowledge, skills, satisfaction and service delivery.ConclusionLiterature describing hospital-initiated SP schemes for CYP with neurodisability, while sparse, suggests potential benefit.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022384188.