bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Contribution Of Fiber In Entmoli Enteral Formula As A Functional Food
Authors: Kustiningrum Lidya , Rahman Nur , Lutfiyah Fifi 
Published: October 2023

Background: Enteral formula is a liquid food that can be orally or parenterally. This experimental study aims to develop an enteral formula with high nutritional value and good organoleptic properties, namely Entmoli. Entmoli is an alternative enteral formula for patients who need fiber intake. It contains high fiber with exceptional functional food like Moringa leaves. Moringa leaves have high fiber and micronutrients that help the healing process of disease. Research Methods: Entmoli's nutritional value is analyzed using comparative tests and calculations with TKPI (Indonesian Food Composition Table).Research Result: Based on the proximate test, per serving (50g), Entmoli contains 149 kcal of energy, 4.9 g of protein, 1.3 g of fat, and 27.8 g of carbohydrates. In TKPI calculations, per serving of Entmoli contains 224.2 kcal of energy, 11.3 g of protein, 7 g of fat, 28.7 g of carbohydrates, and 5.9 g of fiber.Conclusion: The difference in results may be due to the loss of nutrients due to the processing of the formula. The organoleptic test results also show that Entmoli has good scores in all aspects of organoleptic properties, including taste, color, aroma, and texture.
Hypoglycemic Effect Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Suhaema Suhaema , Widiada I Gde Narda 
Published: October 2023

Background: Pigeon pea is a local food containing active substances and antioxidants that can potentially manage diabetes mellitus (DM). This disease has become a public health problem worldwide. As a result, various management efforts have been made, including utilizing potential foods in meal planning for people with diabetes.Objective: To determine the hypoglycemia effect of consuming pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) in diabetes mellitus.Research Methods: This type of research is a literature review. Literature search used ProQuest, science direct, Pubmed, Garuda Garba, and Google Scholar databases. Strategies for finding articles using the PICOS framework, reviewing the quality of reports using the PRISMA checklist, and critical appraisal according to the experimental research design.Research Result. The eleventh study reviewed found a significant effect (p <0.05) on reducing blood sugar levels in animal and diabetes mellitus patients.Conclusion. The content of isoflavones and high antioxidant activity in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) can reduce blood glucose levels in mice, rats, and people with diabetes mellitus.
Identification Of Central Lombok Community Knowledge About the Importance of Covid-19 Vaccines
Authors: Purqoti Dewi Nur Sukma , Rusiana Harlina Putri , Ernawati Ernawati , Fatmawati Baiq Rulli 
Published: October 2023

Efforts in the framework of prevention and control of Covid-19 is to form herd immunity in the community that can be done by successful vaccination programs. Vaccination is an important key in suppressing the spread of the Covid-19 virus, in addition to the behavior of maintaining physical distance, washing hands, and using masks must be completely applied and obeyed by all levels of society, although not a few people who ignore and are not disciplined in implementing the Health protocol on the grounds that they have received vaccinations. This is influenced by public knowledge related to the Covid-19 vaccine. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of public knowledge related to the Covid-19 vaccine.This study used descriptive methods with a crosssectional approach. This study was conducted in the central Lombok Janapria village in April-May 2021 with a sample of 81 respondents. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The data analysis used is univariate analysis. The results of the study found that respondents aged 20-30 years as many as 54 people (66.7%), the most gender is women 55 people (67.9%), The majority of respondents were students as many as 30 people (37%), and the level of knowledge about the Covid-19 vaccine in the janapria village community was mostly in the good category of 47 respondents (58%). The conclusion of the janapria village community of Lombok is in the category of good knowledge about the importance of the Covid-19 vaccine.
Warm Salt Water Immersion Therapy Can Reduce Scabies Pruritus
Authors: Yovalwan Tahratul , Asmawati Asmawati , Annuril Kheli Fitria 
Published: October 2023

Scabies is one of the most common skin infections worldwide caused by infection of Sarcoptic scabiei var hominis that caused lesion and pruritus (itching). It is the most common skin disease in the community, especially at male students of the Islamic boarding school community. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of warm salt water immersion therapy on reducing the pruritus of scabies among male students in Islamic boarding school. The research was a quasi-experiment with a pre-posttest design with a control group. The total of respondents was 56 male students with Scabies divided into two group, with 28 respondents each. The control group received warm water immersion. The intervention group received warmed sea salt water immersion on their legs, hands and toes with the duration of 10 minutes once a day for 6 days. The pruritus score data were collected using a pruritus severity scale questionnaire with 12 items. The t-test analysis showed that there is a different of mean pruritus scabies before and after intervention in both group scabies by 2.72. The warm salt water immersion therapy has a significant effect in reducing mean pruritus. The warm sea salt water soak therapy is more effective than warm water only (p-value; 0.000≤ 0.05). Warm sea salt water immersion therapy is easy to do for community and beneficial in reducing scabies pruritus and increase a sense of comfort and accelerate the healing of skin lesion.
Pemurnian Glukomanan Tepung Iles-iles (Amorphophallus onchophllus) dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Isopropil Alkohol dan Waktu Ekstraksi
Authors: Nur Muhammad Rahadian , Ngatirah  , Adisetya Erista 
Published: October 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi isopropyl alcohol (IPA) dan waktu ekstraksi terhadap hasil glukomanan murni dari tepung iles-iles dan Menentukan konsentrasi glukomanan dan waktu ekstraksi terbaik yang menghasilkan kadar glukomanan terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Blok Lengkap (RBL) yang terdiri atas dua faktor. Faktor pertama konsentrasi (isopropil alkohol), yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu A1 70%, A2 80%, A3 90%. Untuk faktor kedua lama ekstraksi tepung iles-iles yang terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu B1 10 menit, B2 30 menit, B3 50 menit. Glukomanan yang dihasilkan dianalisis dengan kadar air, kadar abu, rendemen, viskositas, kecerahan warna (L), kalsium oksalat, dan kadar glukomanan. Konsentrasi isopropyl alkohol berpengaruh terhadap viskositas, rendemen, kalsium oksalat, dan kadar glukomanan. Namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar air, warna, dan kadar abu. Sedangkan Lama waktu ekstraksi tidak berpengaruh pada kadar air dan kadar abu. Namun berpengaruh terhadap rendemen, viskositas, warna, kalsium oksalat, dan kadar glukomanan.
Centering and marginalization in introductory university physics classrooms
Authors: Scherr Rachel E. , Hairston W. Tali , McKagan Sarah B. , Miller Sophie 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionResearch-based instructional strategies in physics promote active participation in collaborative activities as a primary means for students to construct understanding. Discussions of physics content are also negotiations of social relations.MethodsVideo analysis of small-group collaborative learning activities in introductory physics classrooms at three different universities, using situated learning theory analyses that include a critical consciousness lens.ResultsStudents’ ability to actively participate in sensemaking may be limited by their peripheral or marginalized position. Some people seem to be centered (or marginalized) for reasons other than the strength of their physics reasoning, and some people’s contributions are elevated (or neglected) for reasons other than their scientific merit.DiscussionSome of the behavioral patterns that we observe typify racialized and gendered interactions that are common in broader U.S. society.
Hypoglycemia unawareness among insulin-treated diabetic patients in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Surrati Amal M. Qasem , Alanazi Alhanouf Ayed , Bukhari Samyah Sami , Alfadhli Eman Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundHypoglycemia unawareness (HU) is associated with significant risks. Screening for impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes is important to minimize those risks. There are limited data on the prevalence of HU in patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia (KSA). In the current study, we investigated the frequency of HU and its risk factors among insulin treated diabetic patients in Madinah, KSA.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in a diabetes center and four primary healthcare centers at Madinha, KSA. Patients ≥14 years old with type 1 or type 2 diabetes treated with insulin for more than a year were included. HU was assessed by Clarke’s and modified Pedersen-Bjergaard’s scores. The risk factors for HU were determined.ResultsOf the 413 included patients, 60.3% were women, and 60.8% were on insulin alone. One-third of the participants had T1DM, while 68.5% had T2DM, with median ages of 25 and 56 years, diabetes durations of 10 and 15 years, and durations of insulin use of 10 and 5 years, respectively. The prevalence of HU was 25.2% by Clarke’s survey. The risk factors for HU were poor knowledge of the patient’s latest HbA1c, type of insulin, and dose of insulin. Poor medical follow-up, previous stroke, and ischemic heart disease were the other risk factors for HU. When the modified Pedersen-Bjergaard method was used, the prevalence of HU was 48.9%.ConclusionDespite the advances in diabetes management, HU continues to be prevalent among diabetic patients on insulin, and poor diabetes knowledge is a major risk factor. Diabetes education on self-management is of utmost importance to reduce hypoglycemia and HU.
Identification of the immune-associated characteristics and predictive biomarkers of keratoconus based on single-cell RNA-sequencing and bulk RNA-sequencing
Authors: Niu Xiaoguang , Xu Man , Zhu Jian , Zhang Shaowei , Yang Yanning 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundWhether keratoconus (KC) is an inflammatory disease is currently debated. Hence, we aimed to investigate the immune-related features of KC based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) data.MethodsscRNA-seq data were obtained from the Genome Sequence Archive (GSA), bulk RNA-seq data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and immune-associated genes(IAGs) were obtained from the ImmPort database. Cell clusters of KC were annotated, and different cell clusters were then selected. The IAG score of each cell was calculated using the AUCell package. Three bulk RNA-seq datasets were merged and used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), biological functions, and immune characteristics. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to select the IAG score-related hub genes. Based on scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq analyses, three machine learning algorithms, including random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, were used to identify potential prognostic markers for KC. A predictive nomogram was developed based on prognostic markers.ResultsSix cell clusters were identified in KC, and decreased corneal stromal cell-5 (CSC-5) and increased CSC-6 were found in KC. CSC and immune cell clusters had the highest IAG scores. The bulk RNA-seq analysis identified 1362 DEGs (553 upregulated and 809 downregulated) in KC. We found different immune cell populations and differentially expressed cytokines in KC. More than three key IAG score-related modules and 367 genes were identified. By integrating the scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq analyses, 250 IAGs were selected and then incorporated into three machine learning models, and 10 IAGs (CEP112, FYN, IFITM1, IGFBP5, LPIN2, MAP1B, RNASE1, RUNX3, SMIM10, and SRGN) were identified as potential prognostic genes that were significantly associated with cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)1-14 expression. Finally, a predictive nomogram was constructed and validated.ConclusionTaken together, our results identified CSCs and immune cell clusters that may play a key role during KC progression by regulating immunological features and maintaining cell stability.
Modulating asthma–COPD overlap responses with IL-17 inhibition
Authors: Camargo Leandro do Nascimento , Righetti Renato Fraga , de Almeida Francine Maria , Santos Tabata Maruyama dos , Fukuzaki Silvia , Martins Nilo Arthur Bezerra , Barbeiro Miguel Cantadori , Saraiva-Romanholo Beatriz Mangueira , Lopes Fernanda Degobbi Tenorio Quirino dos Santos , Leick Edna Aparecida , Prado Carla Máximo , Tibério Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundIL-17 is a modulator of the inflammatory response and is implicated in lung remodeling in both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Well as and probably in patients with asthma–COPD overlap (ACO).MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the response of the airways and alveolar septa to anti-IL-17 treatment in an ACO model. Fifty-six male BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA group), received porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE group), or both (ACO group). Mice were then treated with either anti-IL-17 monoclonal antibody or saline. We evaluated hyperresponsiveness, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts, and mean alveolar diameter. We quantified inflammatory, response, extracellular matrix remodeling, oxidative stress markers, and signaling pathway markers.ResultsAnti-IL-17 treatment in the ACO anti-IL-17 group reduced the maximum response of respiratory system Rrs, Ers, Raw, Gtis, this when compared to the ACO group (p&lt;0.05). There was a reduction in the total number of inflammatory cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in the BALF in the ACO anti-IL-17 group compared to the ACO group (p&lt;0.05). There was attenuated dendritic cells, CD4+, CD8+, FOXP3, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-13, IL-17, IL-33 in ACO anti-IL-17 group in airway and alveolar septum compared to the ACO group (p&lt;0.05). We observed a reduction of MMP-9, MMP-12, TIMP-1, TGF-β, collagen type I in ACO anti-IL-17 group in airway and alveolar septum compared to the ACO group (p &lt; 0.05). We also observed a reduction of iNOS and 8-iso-PGF2α in the airways and in the alveolar septum was reduced in the ACO anti-IL-17group compared to the ACO group (p &lt; 0.05). Regarding the signaling pathways, NF-kB, ROCK-1, and ROCK-2 in the airway and alveolar septum were attenuated in the ACO anti-IL-17 group when compared to the ACO group (p&lt;0.05).ConclusionsOur results suggest that inhibiting IL-17 modulates cell-associated cytokine production in lung tissue, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress in ACO through the modulation of NF-kB and FOXP3.
Association between the β-blocker use and patients with sepsis: a cohort study
Authors: Yang Qilin , Kong Tianyu , Bao Ziping , Yang Shanshan , Chen Xiaohua , Zheng Jiezhao , Xiong Xuming , Wen Deliang , Zhang Zhenhui 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess whether β-blockers are associated with mortality in patients with sepsis.MethodWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with sepsis using the Medical Information Market for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV and the emergency intensive care unit (eICU) databases. The primary outcome was the in-hospital mortality rate. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was adopted to reduce confounder bias. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to test the stability of the conclusions.ResultsWe included a total of 61,751 patients with sepsis, with an overall in-hospital mortality rate of 15.3% in MIMIC-IV and 13.6% in eICU. The inverse probability-weighting model showed that in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the β-blockers group than in the non-β-blockers group [HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.66–0.75, p &lt; 0.001 in MIMIC-IV, and HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.45–0.52, p &lt; 0.001 in eICU]. In subgroups grouped according to sex, age, heart rate, APSIII, septic shock, and admission years, the results did not change.Conclusionβ-blocker use is associated with lower in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis, further randomized trials are required to confirm this association.
Effects of wearing masks during COVID-19 pandemic on the composition and diversity of skin bacteria and fungi in medical workers
Authors: Zhang Jingxi , Jiang Peiyun , Zhang Yaxin , Liu Wenlou , Kong Shujing , Hou Xiaoyang , Qi Zuoyao , Sun Yujin , Jiang Guan 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAlthough studies have shown that wearing masks can affect the skin microbiome, more detailed and comprehensive research on wearing masks needs to be further explored.ObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize the influence of mask wearing on the diversity and structural characteristics of the facial skin microbial community of medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic by means of metagenomic sequencing (mNGS).MethodsA total of 40 samples were taken by swabbing the cheek in the 2 × 2 cm2 area before and after wearing the masks. DNA was extracted for metagenomic sequencing.ResultsA statistically significant decrease was found in the α diversity between BN and AN groups and between B2 h and A2 h groups. BN and AN mean groups before and after 8 h of wearing the medical protective mask (N95), including 10 volunteers, respectively. B2 h and A2 h mean groups before and after 8 h of wearing masks, including 10 volunteers changing mask every 2 h, respectively. The β diversity was found to be statistically reduced between BS and AS groups (p = 0.025), BN and AN groups (p = 0.009), and B2 h and A2 h group (p = 0.042). The fungal beta diversity was significantly decreased in every group before and after wearing masks. The main bacteria on the face before and after wearing masks were Cutibacterium (68.02 and 71.73%). Among the fungi, Malassezia predominated the facial skin surface before and after wearing masks (35.81 and 39.63%, respectively).ConclusionWearing different types of masks and changing masks according to different frequency will have different effects on the facial skin’s microbiota.
Characteristics of cancer-related fatigue and its correlation with anxiety, depression, and stress-related hormones among Chinese cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gu Shanshan , Xu Yun , Zhu Xiaoshu , Lam Anderson , Yi Danhui , Gong Lutian , Wang Jinghui , Guo Xinyu , Fu Li , Shi Jiyan , Wang Feiye , Liu Ketan 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundFatigue is a common source of distress for cancer survivors. The severity of cancer-related fatigue varies significantly, which may be due to individual differences in host factors.AimThis cross-sectional study aims to explore how demographic, oncological, sociological, psychological, and stress-related hormones levels interact to influence the distinct experiences of fatigue (Cancer-related fatigue [CRF] occurrence and fatigue degree).MethodsA cross-sectional study carried out at the oncology outpatient and ward department of Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences recruited 306 cancer patients between January 2021 to December 2021. General information, fatigue, psychological factors was evaluated by general information questionnaire, the Revised Piper’s Fatigue Scale-Chinese Version (RPFS-CV), and the self-report Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Stress-related hormones were measured with chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (Zhengzhou Antobio).Results306 patients were included, 229 (74.8%) were diagnosed with CRF, including 94 (41.0%) with mild fatigue, 121 (52.8%) with moderate fatigue, and 14 (6.1%) with severe fatigue. Multivariate regression analysis showed that higher depression scores, aldosterone levels may increase the risk of CRF. Patients who are obese (Body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m2) may help to reduce the risk of CRF. Other contributing factors for increased levels of fatigue (p&lt; 0.05) include being female, having anxiety, depression and high aldosterone levels.ConclusionThe research suggested that CRF was a common symptom in cancer survivors and pay attention to these influencing factors may help to better identify patients susceptible to fatigue and provide long-term, targeted interventions.
Phylogenetic analysis of endogenous viral elements in the rice genome reveals local chromosomal evolution in Oryza AA-genome species
Authors: Saito Nozomi , Chen Sunlu , Kitajima Katsuya , Zhou Zhitong , Koide Yohei , Encabo Jaymee R. , Diaz Maria Genaleen Q. , Choi Il-Ryong , Koyanagi Kanako O. , Kishima Yuji 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionRice genomes contain endogenous viral elements homologous to rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) from the pararetrovirus family Caulimoviridae. These viral elements, known as endogenous RTBV-like sequences (eRTBVLs), comprise five subfamilies, eRTBVL-A, -B, -C, -D, and -X. Four subfamilies (A, B, C, and X) are present to a limited degree in the genomes of the Asian cultivated rice Oryza sativa (spp. japonica and indica) and the closely related wild species Oryza rufipogon.MethodsThe eRTBVL-D sequences are widely distributed within these and other Oryza AA-genome species. Fifteen eRTBVL-D segments identified in the japonica (Nipponbare) genome occur mostly at orthologous chromosomal positions in other AA-genome species. The eRTBVL-D sequences were inserted into the genomes just before speciation of the AA-genome species.Results and discussionTen eRTBVL-D segments are located at six loci, which were used for our evolutionary analyses during the speciation of the AA-genome species. The degree of genetic differentiation varied among the eRTBVL-D segments. Of the six loci, three showed phylogenetic trees consistent with the standard speciation pattern (SSP) of the AA-genome species (Type A), and the other three represented phylogenies different from the SSP (Type B). The atypical phylogenetic trees for the Type B loci revealed chromosome region–specific evolution among the AA-genome species that is associated with phylogenetic incongruences: complex genome rearrangements between eRTBVL-D segments, an introgression between the distant species, and low genetic diversity of a shared eRTBVL-D segment. Using eRTBVL-D as an indicator, this study revealed the phylogenetic incongruence of local chromosomal regions with different topologies that developed during speciation.