bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Popular Ballad, Rumours and Memories as a Special Narrative Format
Authors:   Department of Folkloristics, Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia, Kalmre Eda 
Published: November 2023

In principle, the new folksongs or folk ballads of the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century telling about dramatic events could also be called versified media news, as their aim was to mediate topical shocking events, in particular accidents or murders, thus serving as rumours, news and entertainment all in one. The popular ballad ‘Saatuse vangis’ (‘Bound by Fate’) tells a sensational story from southern Estonia. The song spread together with hearsay concerning the central event, the circumstances of the making of the song, and the characters involved. Over time, a specific type of story-telling developed, that mingled prose with parts of the song. The ballad together with the pertaining lore allows us to view the events descried from different aspects, creating a broader picture of the development and meaning of a popular text. The rumours, comments and personal memories accompanying the song helped both the contemporary and subsequent generations to understand and interpret the event. The stories spreading in the community by word of mouth addressed various circumstances “beyond the song”, and the narrator’s own emotions and opinions on the matter.
The Moderating Effect of Institutions in Government Expenditures - Economic Development Nexus in ECOWAS Countries
Authors: Alimi R. Santos 
Published: November 2023

The total effect of growing public spending on economic development is ambiguous, especially with today’s realities of exposure to international trade and domestic factor such as institutions. Hence, the objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that good institutions moderate the effect of large government size on economic development. The study employed secondary data covering the period 1986 to 2018 and Arellano and Bover’s Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) panel estimation technique was used to achieve the study objective. Data on Gross Domestic Product per capita, government size, population growth rate, inflation rate, gross fixed capital formation, human development index (HDI) and financial development were sourced from World Development indicator database while data on institutions was obtained from International County Risk Guide database. The study found that the stated hypothesis is validated i.e good institutions mitigate any negative effect of large government size on economic development for Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The study therefore, concluded that the relationship between government size and economic development depends on quality of institutions in ECOWAS countries. It is recommended that member countries should embrace democratic governance and build democratic institutions in order to promote government stability. More so, there is need to tightening up of existing public sector rules and regulations on corruption and the setting up of anti-corruption institutions to fight corruption and check corrupt behaviour in the ECOWAS countries.
The Natural History of Disability and Caregiving Before and After Long-Term Care Entry
Authors: Lam Kenneth , Cenzer Irena , Levy Cari R , Matlock Dan D. , Smith Alexander K. , Covinsky Kenneth E. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceMany older persons move into long-term care facilities (LTCFs) due to disability and insufficient home caregiving options. However, the extent of disability and caregiving provided around the time of entry is unknown.ObjectiveTo quantitatively describe disability and caregiving before and after LTCF entry, comparing nursing home (NH), assisted living (AL), and independent living (IL) entrants.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA longitudinal cohort study using prospectively collected annual data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study from 2011 to 2020 including participants in the continental US. Overall, 932 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries entering LTCF from 2011 to 2019 were included. Entry into LTCF was set as t = 0, and participant interviews from 4 years before and 2 years after were used.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrevalence of severe disability (severe difficulty or dependence in ≥3 activities of daily living), prevalence of caregivers, and median weekly caregiving hours per entrant, using weighted mixed-effects regression against time as linear spline.ResultsAt entry, mean (SD) age was 84 (8.4) years, 609 (64%, all percentages survey weighted) were women, 143 (6%) were Black, 29 (3%) were Hispanic, 30 (4%) were other (other race and ethnicity included American Indian, Asian, Native Hawaiian, and other), and 497 (49%) had dementia. 349 (34%) entered NH, 426 (45%) entered AL, and 157 (21%) entered IL. Overall, NH and AL entry were preceded by months of severe disability and escalating caregiving. Before entry, 49% (95% CI, 29%-68%) of NH entrants and 10% (95% CI, 3%-24%) of AL entrants had severe disability. Most (&amp;gt;97%) had at least a caregiver, but only one-third (NH, 33%; 95% CI, 20%-50%; AL, 33%; 95% CI, 24%-44%) had a paid caregiver. Median care was 27 hours weekly (95% CI, 18-40) in NH entrants and 18 (95% CI, 14-24) in AL entrants. On NH and AL entry, severe disability rose to 89% (95% CI, 82%-94%) and 28% (95% CI, 16%-44%) on NH and AL entry and was 66% (95% CI, 55%-75%) 2 years after entry in AL residents. Few IL entrants (&amp;lt;2%) had severe disability and their median care remained less than 7 hours weekly before and after entry.ConclusionsThis study found that persons often enter NHs and ALs after months of severe disability and substantial help at home, usually from unpaid caregivers. Assisted living residents move when less disabled, but approach levels of disability similar to NH entrants within 2 years. Data may help clinicians understand when home supports approach a breaking point.
Weakly Binding Molecules‐Based Fast Charging Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: An Kihun , Kim Dokyung , Tran Yen Hai Thi , Vu Dung Tien Tuan , Park Seong Jun , Heo Jiyoung , Lee Young Joo , Song Seung‐Wan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFast charging of Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) beyond standard 0.3 C (charged in 3.3 h) are desperately pursued but hindered by sluggish desolvation kinetics of ethylene carbonate‐based traditional electrolyte, and Li‐plating and dendrites growth at graphite anode and fire hazard. Herein, a new class of weakly binding all linear molecules‐based nonflammable electrolyte (WNLE) is reported, comprising 1 m LiPF6 in ethyl methyl carbonate and 2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl acetate with additives for 10–20 times faster charging LIBs than traditional ones. The critical benefits of WNLE are 44% lower viscosity, 62% higher Li+ diffusion coefficient, 20% higher Li+ transference number, and 17% lower desolvation energy, which promotes diffusion kinetics and desolvation kinetics of Li+ in the vicinity of graphite anode enabling dendrites‐free LIB, along with nonflammability. Under 3 C (charged in 20 min), WNLE‐based industrial 800 mAh graphite//LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (high active mass 13 mg cm−2) Li‐ion pouch battery achieves outstanding 700 cycles, delivering 82% capacity retention and high Coulombic efficiencies ≈100%. Robust solid electrolyte interphase layers formed at the anode and cathode mitigate interfacial failures, making fast charge to 7 C and longer cycle‐life. This new class of electrolyte formulation is a promising solution and a new opportunity to realize safe and long operation of fast‐charging LIBs for practical applications.
Cellular Trafficking of Nanotechnology‐Mediated mRNA Delivery
Authors: Huang Pei , Deng Hongzhang , Wang Changrong , Zhou Yongfeng , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMessenger RNA (mRNA)‐based therapy has emerged as a powerful, safe, and rapidly scalable therapeutic approach that involves technologies for both mRNA itself and the delivery vehicle. Although there are some unique challenges for different applications of mRNA therapy, a common challenge for all mRNA therapeutics is the transport of mRNA into the target cell cytoplasm for sufficient protein expression. This review is focused on the behaviors at the cellular level of nanotechnology‐mediated mRNA delivery systems, which have not been comprehensively reviewed yet. First, the four main therapeutic applications of mRNA are introduced, including immunotherapy, protein replacement therapy, genome editing, and cellular reprogramming. Second, common types of mRNA cargos and mRNA delivery systems are summarized. Third, strategies to enhance mRNA delivery efficiency during the cellular trafficking process are highlighted, including accumulation to the cell, internalization into the cell, endosomal escape, release of mRNA from the nanocarrier, and translation of mRNA into protein. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for the development of nanotechnology‐mediated mRNA delivery systems are presented. This review can provide new insights into the future fabrication of mRNA nanocarriers with desirable cellular trafficking performance.
Electrochemical Oxidative Dehydrogenative Coupling of Sulfoximines to Construct N‐sulfenyl and N‐phosphinyl Sulfoximines
Authors: Li Xiaoman , Huang Jiawei , Xu Liang , Liu Jichang , Wei Yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerein, an electrochemical oxidative approach for the synthesis of N‐sulfenyl and N‐phosphinyl sulfoximines has been established from readily available NH‐sulfoximines with thiophenols and diarylphosphine oxides. Utilizing the synergistic effect of halide salt and electrochemical oxidation, the desired products are obtained at room temperature in the absence of any acidic/basic/metallic additives.
Dodine as an alternative to chlorothalonil in the control of leaf spot diseases in peanut
Authors: Rossi Chiara , Culbreath Albert K. , Brenneman Timothy B. , Tubbs Ronald Scott , Anco Daniel J. , Vellidis George , Pilon Cristiane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPeanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is susceptible to leaf spot diseases caused by the fungi Nothopassalora personata and Passalora arachidicola, which can decrease yield substantially. Chlorothalonil is one of the most widely used fungicides to control these diseases but was recently banned in the European Union due to toxicity to amphibians and fish. Dodine is an alternative fungicide with a similar range of activity. However, information about its impact on the peanut physiology is lacking. The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of dodine on leaf photosynthesis, yield, and pod quality of peanut and evaluate the potential of dodine as a replacement of chlorothalonil in the control of leaf spot diseases. A 3‐year field experiment was conducted using Georgia‐06G. Treatments consisted of chlorothalonil at 0.86 kg a.i. ha−1 (high rate), chlorothalonil at 0.43 kg a.i. ha−1 (low rate), dodine at 0.68 kg a.i. ha−1 (high rate), and dodine at 0.34 kg a.i. ha−1 (low rate). Photosynthetic efficiency was altered by fungicide in only a few instances, and a clear trend was not observed. The high rate of dodine resulted in the least defoliation caused by leaf spot of all fungicide treatments. Pod maturity, yield, and grading parameters were not affected by fungicide. Overall, dodine did not impact negatively the photosynthetic activity, pod quality, and yield of peanut. Moreover, this chemistry was efficient in controlling leaf spot diseases under heavy disease pressure; therefore, dodine is a potential replacement of chlorothalonil in the control of leaf spot diseases in peanut.
Application of the Face2Gene tool in an Italian dysmorphological pediatric clinic: Retrospective validation and future perspectives
Authors: Carrer Alessia , Romaniello Maria Giovanna , Calderara Maria Letizia , Mariani Milena , Biondi Andrea , Selicorni Angelo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeurodevelopmental disorders exhibit recurrent facial features that can suggest the genetic diagnosis at a glance, but recognizing subtle dysmorphisms is a specialized skill that requires very long training. Face2Gene (FDNA Inc) is an innovative computer‐aided phenotyping tool that analyses patient's portraits and suggests 30 candidate syndromes with similar morphology in a prioritized list. We hypothesized that the software could support even expert physicians in the diagnostic workup of genetic conditions. In this study, we assessed the performance of Face2Gene in an Italian dysmorphological pediatrics clinic. We uploaded two‐dimensional face pictures of 145 children affected by genetic conditions with typical phenotypic traits. All diagnoses were previously confirmed by cytogenetic or molecular tests. Overall, the software's differential included the correct syndrome in most cases (98%). We evaluated the efficiency of the algorithm even considering the rareness of the genetic conditions. All “common” diagnoses were correctly identified, most of them with high diagnostic accuracy (93% in top‐3 matches). Finally, the performance for the most common pediatric syndromes was calculated. Face2Gene performed well even for ultra‐rare genetic conditions (75% within top‐3 matches and 83% within top‐10 matches). Expert geneticists maybe do not need computer support to recognize common syndromes, but our results prove that the tool can be useful not only for general pediatricians but also in dysmorphological clinics for ultra‐rare genetic conditions.
Genome sequencing detects a balanced pericentric inversion with breakpoints that impact the DMD and upstream region of POU3F4 genes
Authors: Chandrasekhar Anjana , Mroczkowski Henry J. , Urraca Nora , Gross Andrew , Bluske Krista , Thorpe Erin , Hagelstrom R. Tanner , Schonberg Steven A. , Perry Denise L. , Taft Ryan J. , Kesari Akanchha 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe describe a family with two maternal half‐brothers both of whom presented with muscular dystrophy, autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, and sensorineural hearing loss. The elder brother had onset of features at ~3 months of age, followed by clinical confirmation of muscular dystrophy at 3 years. Skeletal biopsy staining at 4.7 years showed an absence of dystrophin protein which prompted extensive molecular testing over 4 years that included gene panels, targeted single‐gene assays, arrays, and karyotyping, all of which failed to identify a clinically significant variant in the DMD gene. At 10 years of age, clinical whole‐genome sequencing (cWGS) was performed, which revealed a novel hemizygous ~50.7 Mb balanced pericentric inversion on chromosome X that disrupts the DMD gene in both siblings, consistent with the muscular dystrophy phenotype. This inversion also impacts the upstream regulatory region of POU3F4, structural rearrangements which are known to cause hearing loss. The unaffected mother is a heterozygous carrier for the pericentric inversion. This finding illustrates the ability of cWGS to detect a wide breadth of disease‐causing genomic variations including large genomic rearrangements.
Site‐Selective C(sp3)−H Borylation of 3‐Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes by Cooperative Iridium/Aluminum Catalysis
Authors: Shimazaki Yuto , Osawa Ayumi , Nakao Yoshiaki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFunctionalized 3‐azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes are highly interesting for their physiochemical and pharmacological properties. We report an unprecedented direct bridge‐head C(sp3)−H borylation by cooperative iridium/aluminum catalysis. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions in good yields with moderate to complete site selectivities. Moreover, the use of a BINOL‐based chiral aluminum catalyst renders the synthesis of enantioenriched alkylboronate products. We also disclose its synthetic utility through rapid diversifications without any loss of the stereochemical information.
Electrochemically Driven Nickel‐Catalyzed Halogenation of Unsaturated Halide and Triflate Derivatives
Authors: Chen Ming‐Yu , Charvet Sylvain , Payard Pierre‐Adrien , Perrin Marie‐Eve L. , Vantourout Julien C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA robust electrochemically driven nickel‐catalyzed halogen exchange of unsaturated halides and triflates (Br to Cl, I to Cl, I to Br, and OTf to Cl) is reported. A combination of NiCl2 ⋅ glyme as the precatalyst, 2,2′‐bipyridine as a ligand, NMP as the solvent, and electrochemistry allowed the generation of a nickel species that promotes reductive elimination of the desired product. This paired electrochemical halogenation is compatible with a range of unsaturated halides and triflates, including heterocycles, dihaloarenes, and alkenes with good functional‐group tolerance. Joint experimental and theoretical mechanistic investigations highlighted three catalytic events: i) oxidative addition of the aryl halide to a Ni(0) species to deliver a Ni(II) intermediate; ii) halide metathesis at Ni(II); iii) electrochemical oxidation of Ni(II) to Ni(III) to enable the formation of the desired aryl halide upon reductive elimination. This methodology allows the replacement of heavy halogens (I or Br) or polar atoms (O) with the corresponding lighter and more lipophilic Cl group to block undesired reactivity or modify the properties of drug and agrochemical candidates.
Brachial plexus blockade arising from a combined pectoralis (PECS) 1 and 2 block
Authors: Mathers J. D. , Engum A. , Galleberg G. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryWe present a case of inadvertent spread of local anaesthetic from combined pectoralis (PECS) 1 and 2 fascial plane blocks that resulted in an incomplete brachial plexus block. An otherwise healthy 42‐year‐old woman with a body mass index of 23.3 kg.m−2 presented for unilateral mastectomy with immediate prosthetic reconstruction for breast cancer. No axillary dissection was performed. Because of service requirements, the blocks were performed at the conclusion of surgery. This may have resulted in greater cranial spread of the local anaesthetic due to surgical dissection along musculature and placement of the breast implant. Following emergence from general anaesthesia, the patient experienced numbness over the ipsilateral medial forearm extending to the little finger. Further examination with a finger‐nose test revealed reduced coordination and joint proprioception of the ipsilateral arm. There was no detectable gross motor weakness. She was reviewed the following day (23 h after the blocks) by which time her symptoms had subsided entirely. We believe that this is the first documented brachial plexus block after injection of local anaesthetic into the pectoralis 1 and 2 fascial planes.
Risk of birth defects in pregnant persons with sleep‐disordered breathing during pregnancy
Authors: Pressman Katherine , Kendle Anthony M. , Randis Tara M. , Donda Keyur , Salemi Jason L. , Louis Judette M. ,   the NICHD nuMoM2b and NHLBI nuMoM2b Sleep substudy Networks
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionAs many as one in four pregnant women may experience sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) during pregnancy. The same sequelae of SDB, such as insulin resistance and inflammation, have been implicated in the development of certain birth defects.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of the SDB substudy of the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers‐to‐Be study, which included 2106 participants who had a sufficiency sleep study at two visits at different time points in pregnancy. SDB was based on a self‐administered home sleep apnea test with data scored by trained, blinded research polysomnologists. SDB was defined as an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5. The primary outcome of this analysis was any of the 45 non‐chromosomal birth defects included in the National Birth Defects Prevention Network Annual Report.ResultsIn this cohort, the overall rate of birth defects was 3.1%. The prevalence was similar between those without SDB (3.0%) and those with only mid‐pregnancy SDB (3.4%), but was higher in those with early‐pregnancy SDB (6.7%). After adjusting for maternal age, chronic hypertension, pregestational diabetes, and body mass index (BMI), there were no statistically significant differences in the risk of birth defects by subject SDB status.ConclusionsFurther studies to evaluate the effect of prepregnancy and early‐pregnancy SDB on the fetus, as well as the risk of specific birth defects and neonatal outcomes in those with an objectively measured diagnosis of SDB, are still needed.
A contemporary analysis of disease upstaging of Gleason 3 + 3 prostate cancer patients after robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy
Authors: Taggart Ruairidh , Dutto Lorenzo , Leung Hing Y. , Salji Mark , Ahmad Imran 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundRisk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) in localised prostate cancer can be stratified using the 5‐tier Cambridge Prognostic Group (CPG) or 3‐tier European Association of Urology (EAU) model. Active surveillance is the current recommendation if CPG1 or EAU low‐risk criteria are met. We aimed to determine the contemporary rates of upgrading, upstaging and BCR after radical prostatectomy for CPG1 or EAU low‐risk disease.MethodsA database of all robotic‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomies (RALPs) performed in Glasgow between 12/2015 and 05/2022 was analysed. Rates of upgrading, upstaging and BCR post‐RALP for CPG1 or EAU low‐risk disease were defined. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to assess the relationship between patient factors and outcomes.ResultsA total of 1223 RALP cases were identified. A total of 12.6% met CPG1 criteria with 70.1% and 25.3% upgraded and upstaged to extraprostatic disease post‐operatively respectively. A total of 5.8% met EAU low‐risk criteria with 60.6% upgraded and 25.4% upstaged to extraprostatic disease post‐operatively respectively. CPG1 (p < 0.0001) and EAU low‐risk (p = 0.02) patients were at a significantly higher risk of BCR if upstaged.DiscussionMany patients who met CPG1 or EAU low‐risk criteria were upgraded post‐RALP and approximately 25% were upstaged due to extraprostatic disease. Upstaging puts patients at a significantly higher risk of BCR.
Pathogenic germline variants in BRCA1 and TP53 increase lung cancer risk in Chinese
Authors: Wei Bing , Zhao Jiadong , Li Jun , Feng Junnan , Sun Manman , Wang Zhizhong , Shi Chao , Yang Ke , Qin Yue , Zhang Jing , Ma Jie , Dong Hui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroudMultiple studies have identified pathogenic germline variants in cancer susceptibility genes (CSGs) in Chinese lung cancer patients; however, accurate assessment of these variants' contributions to cancer predisposition is always hampered by the absence of data on the prevalence of these variants in the general population. It is necessary to conduct a large‐scale case–control study to identify CSGs that significantly increase the risk of lung cancer.Materials and methodsWe performed targeted sequencing of a CSGs panel in 1117 lung cancer patients and 16,327 controls from the general Chinese population.ResultsIn comparison to controls, lung cancer patients had a considerably higher prevalence of pathogenic and likely pathogenic (P/LP) variations. Among lung cancer patients, 72% of P/LP variants carriers did not have a family cancer history, who would be ignored if germline testing was only provided for patients meeting family history‐based criteria. Furthermore, compared to individuals with late‐onset lung cancer, patients with early‐onset lung cancer had a considerably higher prevalence of P/LP variations. With odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 4‐fold (BRCA1: OR, 4.193; 95%CI, 1.382–10.768) to 29‐fold (TP53: OR, 29.281; 95%CI, 1.523–1705.506), P/LP variants in the BRCA1 and TP53 genes were discovered to be strongly related to increased lung cancer risk. Additionally, with ORs ranging from 7.322‐fold to infinity, we discovered 23 variations previously categorized as non‐P/LP variants were highly enriched in lung cancer patients.ConclusionOur findings indicated that P/LP variants in BRCA1 and TP53 conferred increased risk of lung cancer in Chinese.