bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of bovine endothelial cells to FGF‐2 and VEGF is dependent on their site of origin: Relevance to the regulation of angiogenesis
Authors: Cavallaro Ugo , Tenan Mirna , Castelli Vera , Perilli Alessandra , Maggiano Nicola , Van Meir Erwin G. , Montesano Roberto , Soria Marco R. , Pepper Michael S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAngiogenesis, the formation of new capillary blood vessels, occurs almost exclusively in the microcirculation. This process is controlled by the interaction between factors with positive and negative regulatory activity. In this study, we have compared the effect of two well described positive regulators, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF‐2) on bovine adrenal cortex‐derived microvascular endothelial (BME) and bovine aortic endothelial (BAE) cells. The parameters we assessed included (a) cellular reorganization and lumen formation following exposure of the apical cell surface to a three‐dimensional collagen gel; (b) organization of the actin cytoskeleton; (c) expression of thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1), an endogenous negative regulator of angiogenesis; and (d) extracellular proteolytic activity mediated by the plasminogen activator (PA)/plasmin system. We found that (a) collagen gel overlay induces rapid reorganization and lumen formation in BME but not BAE cells; (b) FGF‐2 but not VEGF induced dramatic reorganization of actin microfilaments in BME cells, with neither cytokine affecting BAE cells; (c) FGF‐2 decreased TSP‐1 protein and mRNA expression in BME cells, an effect which was specific for FGF‐2 and BME cells, since TSP‐1 protein levels were unaffected by VEGF in BME cells, or by FGF‐2 or VEGF in BAE cells; (d) FGF‐2 induced urokinase‐type PA (uPA) in BME and BAE cells, while VEGF induced uPA and tissue‐type PA in BME cells with no effect on BAE cells. Taken together, these findings reveal endothelial cell‐type specific responses to FGF‐2 and VEGF, and point to the greater specificity of these cytokines for endothelial cells of the microvasculature than for large vessel (aortic) endothelial cells. Furthermore, when viewed in the context of our previous observation on the synergistic interaction between VEGF and FGF‐2, our present findings provide evidence for complementary mechanisms which, when acting in concert, might account for the synergistic effect. J. Cell. Biochem. 82: 619–633, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Critical amino acid residues of the α4 subunit for α4β7 integrin function
Authors: Zeller Yvonka , Mechtersheimer Sabine , Altevogt Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA characteristic feature of integrin–ligand interactions is the requirement for divalent cations. Putative cation binding sites have been identified in the α and β subunit of the α4 integrins, α4β1 and α4β7, and within their ligands which display the tripeptide LDV in fibronectin and homologous motifs in VCAM‐1 and MAdCAM‐1. The extracellular domain of the murine and human α4‐subunit contains three conserved LDV motifs, designated LDV‐1 to ‐3. Using site directed mutagenesis and transfection studies, we now examined the functional relevance of the LDV motifs for α4β7 integrins. We present evidence that LDV‐1 mutants (D489N) behave like α4 wt cells, but LDV‐3 mutants (D811N) are impaired in α4β7 integrin‐triggered homotypic cell aggregation and in adhesion and spreading on α4 specific ligands. Further characterization of LDV‐3 mutants revealed a defect in mAb‐induced α4β7‐cell surface cluster formation. Mutation of the LDV‐2 motif (D698N) caused loss of α4β7 integrin cell surface expression. Our results indicate: (i) that LDV‐3, located proximal to the cell membrane, is important for α4β7 integrin‐triggered functions and for lateral clustering and (ii) that LDV‐2 affects α4β7 heterodimer stability. J. Cell. Biochem. 83: 304–319, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conformational analysis of the tyrosine dipeptide analogue in the gas phase and in aqueous solution by a density functional/continuum solvent model
Authors: Langella Emma , Rega Nadia , Improta Roberto , Crescenzi Orlando , Barone Vincenzo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe conformational behavior of a dipeptide analogue of tyrosine (TDA) has been investigated by density functional methods using the polarizable continuum model (PCM) for the description of solvent effects. Our study points out the interplay of backbone and side chain contributions in determining the relative stabilities of energy minima. In particular, stabilizing interactions between the NH bond and the aromatic ring have a significant effect. The topology of the potential energy surface is significantly modified in aqueous solution due to a general widening of low energy regions and to a stabilization of helical structures. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 650–661, 2002
Applicability of MNDO techniques AM1 and PM3 to ring‐structured polymers
Authors: Dávila L. Y. A. , Caldas M. J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSemiempirical Hartree‐Fock techniques are widely used to study properties of long ring‐structured chains, although these types of systems were not included in the original parametrization ensembles. These techniques are very useful for an ample class of studies, and their predictive power should be tested. We present here a study of the applicability of some techniques from the NDDO family (MNDO, AM1, and PM3) to the calculation of the ground state geometries of a specific set of molecules with the ring‐structure characteristic. For this we have chosen to compare results against ab initio Restricted Hartree‐Fock 6‐31G(d,p) calculations, extended to Møller‐Plesset 2 perturbation theory for special cases. The systems investigated comprise the orthobenzoquinone (O2C6H4) molecule and dimers (O2C6H4)2, as well as trimers of polyaniline, which present characteristics that extend to several systems of interest in the field of conducting polymers, such as ring structure and heterosubstitution. We focus on the torsion between rings, because this angle is known to affect strongly the electronic and optical properties of conjugated polymers. We find that AM1 is always in qualitative agreement with the ab initio results, and is thus indicated for further studies of longer, more complicated chains. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 1135–1142, 2002
Structure‐based ligand design by a build‐up approach and genetic algorithm search in conformational space
Authors: Budin Nicolas , Majeux Nicolas , Tenette–Souaille Catherine , Caflisch Amedeo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractProgram to engineer peptides (PEP) is a build‐up approach for ligand docking and design with implicit solvation. It requires the knowledge of a seed from which it iteratively grows polymeric ligands consisting of any type of amino acid, i.e., natural and/or nonnatural from a user‐defined library. At every growing step, a genetic algorithm is used for conformational optimization of the last added monomer in the rigid binding site. Pruning is performed at every growing step by selecting sequences according to binding energy with electrostatic solvation. PEP is applied to three members of the caspase family of cysteine proteases using Asp at P1 as seed. The optimal P4–P2 peptide recognition motifs and variants thereof are docked correctly in the active site (backbone root‐mean‐square deviation < 0.9 Å). Moreover, for each caspase, the P4–P2 sequences of potent aldehyde inhibitors are ranked among the 15 hits with the most favorable PEP energy. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 1956–1970, 2001
Folding funnels: The key to robust protein structure prediction
Authors: Hardin Corey , Eastwood Michael P. , Prentiss Michael , Luthey‐Schulten Z. , Wolynes Peter G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNatural proteins fold because their free energy landscapes are funneled to their native states. The degree to which a model energy function for protein structure prediction can avoid the multiple minima problem and reliably yield at least low‐resolution predictions is also dependent on the topography of the energy landscape. We show that the degree of funneling can be quantitatively expressed in terms of a few averaged properties of the landscape. This allows us to optimize simplified energy functions for protein structure prediction even in the absence of homology information. Here we outline the optimization procedure in the context of associative memory energy functions originally introduced for tertiary structure recognition and demonstrate that even partially funneled landscapes lead to qualitatively correct, low‐resolution predictions. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 138–146, 2002
MMPI‐2 performance of Mexican male university students and prison inmates
Authors: Boscan Deisy C. , Penn Nolan E. , Velasquez Roberto J. , Savino Aimee V. , Maness Paula , Guzman Miguel , Reimann Joe 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this study, we compared the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory—2 (MMPI‐2) performance of male university students and incarcerated criminal offenders in Mexico. Our aim was to determine whether the MMPI‐2 can effectively differentiate between these two distinct groups on scales that are reflective of antisocial behaviors. Our expectations were highly confirmed across the three sets of scales that we considered: the validity and clinical, content, and supplementary scales. Criminal offenders obtained higher or more pathological scores on such scales as Infrequency (F), Schizophrenia (Sc), MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale (MAC‐R), Fears (FRS), and so on. Overall, these findings support further research with such target populations as prison inmates in Mexico and other countries in Latin America. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 465–470, 2002.
Insulin‐like growth factors (IGF‐I and IGF‐II) inhibit C2 skeletal myoblast differentiation and enhance TNFα‐induced apoptosis
Authors: Foulstone Emily J. , Meadows Kate A. , Holly Jeff M.P. , Stewart Claire E.H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIGF‐I and IGF‐II are thought to be unique in their ability to promote muscle cell differentiation. Murine C2 myoblasts differentiate when placed into low serum media (LSM), accompanied by increased IGF‐II and IGF binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5) production. Addition of 20 ng/ml TNFα on transfer into LSM blocked differentiation, IGF‐II and IGFBP‐5 secretion and induced apoptosis. We, therefore, wished to assess whether IGFs could protect against the effects of TNFα. Neither inhibition of differentiation or induction of apoptosis was rescued by co‐incubation with IGF‐I or IGF‐II. A lower dose of TNFα (1 ng/ml) while not inducing apoptosis still inhibited myoblast differentiation by 56% ± 12, (P < 0.001), indicating that induction of apoptosis is not the sole mechanism by which TNFα inhibits myoblast differentiation. Addition of IGF‐I or IGF‐II alone reduced differentiation by 49% ± 15 and 33% ± 20, respectively, (P < 0.001), although neither induced apoptosis. For muscle cells to differentiate, they must arrest in G0. We established that addition of IGF‐I, IGF‐II or TNFα to the myoblasts promoted proliferation. The myoblasts could not exit the cell cycle as efficiently as controls and differentiation was thus reduced. Unexpectedly, co‐incubation of IGF‐I or IGF‐II with 1 ng/ml TNFα enhanced the inhibition of differentiation and induced apoptosis. In the absence of apoptosis we show an association between IGF‐induced inhibition of differentiation and increased IGFBP‐5 secretion. These results indicate that the effects of the IGFs on muscle may depend on the cytokine environment. In the absence of TNFα, the IGFs delay differentiation and promote myoblast proliferation whereas in the presence of TNFα the IGFs induce apoptosis. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection and localization of Cripto‐1 binding in mouse mammary epithelial cells and in the mouse mammary gland using an immunoglobulin–cripto‐1 fusion protein†
Authors: Bianco Caterina , Normanno Nicola , De Luca Antonella , Maiello Monica Rosaria , Wechselberger Christian , Sun Youping , Khan Nadia , Adkins Heather , Sanicola Michele , Vonderhaar Barbara , Cohen Bruce , Seno Masaharu , Salomon David 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHuman Cripto‐1 (CR‐1), a member of the epidermal growth factor‐CFC (EGF‐CFC) family of peptides, is expressed in the developing mouse mammary gland and can modulate mammary epithelial cell migration, branching morphogenesis and milk protein expression in vitro. In order to screen for a CR‐1 receptor and to identify potential CR‐1 target tissues, we constructed a fusion protein comprising the EGF‐like domain of CR‐1 and the Fc domain of a human IgG1. The recombinant CR‐1 fusion protein (CR‐1‐Fc) was biologically active as it was able to activate the ras/raf/mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and to inhibit transcription of the milk protein β‐casein in NMuMG and HC‐11 mouse mammary epithelial cells. By using immunocytochemistry and by an in situ enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), CR‐1‐Fc was found to specifically bind to NMuMG and HC‐11 cells. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis using CR‐1‐Fc showed a specific localization of CR‐1 binding to tissue sections from mouse mammary gland. In particular, more than 60% of the epithelial cells were intensely stained with the CR‐1‐Fc fusion protein in the lactating mouse mammary gland, whereas approximately 25% of the mammary epithelial cells were stained in the gland from pregnant mouse. Since expression of mouse cripto‐1 (Cr‐1) in the pregnant and lactating mouse mammary gland as well as its presence in milk has been previously demonstrated, these data strongly suggest that an autocrine pathway involving Cr‐1 and its putative receptor is operating in the mouse mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation. J. Cell. Physiol. 190: 74–82, 2002. Published 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter activates mitogen‐activated protein kinase in fibroblasts and lymphocytes
Authors: Panet Rivka , Eliash Michal , Pick Marjory , Atlan Henri 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn a previous work, we have shown that overexpression of the Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter (NKCC1) induces cell proliferation and transformation. We investigate in the present study the role of the NKCC1 in the mitogenic signal transduction. We show that overexpression of the cotransporter gene (NKCC1) in stablely transfected cells (Balb/c‐NKCC1), resulted in enhanced phosphorylation of the extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) to produce double phosphorylated ERK (DP‐ERK). Furthermore, the level of DP‐ERK was reduced by 50–80% following the addition of bumetanide, a specific inhibitor of the Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter, in quiescent as well as in proliferating cultures of the Balb/c‐NKCC1 clone. In order to explore further the role of the Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter in mitogenic signal transduction, we measured the effect of the two specific inhibitors of the cotransporter; bumetanide and furosemide, on DP‐ERK level in immortalized non‐transformed cells. In Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts stimulated with FGF, bumetanide, and furosemide inhibited 50–60% of the ERK 1/2 phosphorylation. The inhibitor concentration needed for maximal inhibition of ERK 1/2 phosphorylation was similar to the concentration needed to block the K+ influx mediated by the Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter in these cells. To analyze whether the Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter has a role in the mitogenic signal of normal cells, we measured the effect of bumetanide on ERK phosphorylation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 in resting human lymphocytes, as well as in lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was inhibited by bumetanide. The effect of bumetanide on ERK 2 phosphorylation was much lower than that of ERK 1 phosphorylation. The finding that the Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter controls the ERK/MAPK (mitogen‐activated protein kinase) signal transduction pathway, support our hypothesis that Na+ and K+ influxes mediated by this transporter plays a central role in the control of normal cell proliferation. Exploring the cellular ionic currents and levels, mediated by the Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter, should lead to a better comprehension of cell proliferation and transformation machinery. J. Cell. Physiol. 190: 227–237, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Termination of lifespan of SV40‐transformed human fibroblasts in crisis is due to apoptosis
Authors: Macera‐Bloch Lisa , Houghton JeanMarie , Lenahan Melanie , Jha Krishna K. , Ozer Harvey L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNormal human fibroblasts in culture have a limited lifespan, ending in replicative senescence. Introduction of SV40 sequences encoding large T antigen and small t antigen into pre‐senescent cells results in an extension of lifespan for an additional 20–30 population doublings. Rare clones of SV40‐transformed cells are capable of indefinite growth and are described as immortal; however, the great majority of SV40‐transformed cells terminate this extended lifespan in cell death, termed “crisis.” We have examined the properties of cells in crisis to obtain further insights into mechanism of cell death and immortalization. Populations at the terminal cell passage show a balance between cell replication and cell death over a period of several weeks, with a progressive increase in cells undergoing cell death. During this period, there is less than a 3‐fold increase in attached cell number, with two stages being identifiable on the basis of the focal pattern of cell survival. We also demonstrate that cells in crisis are undergoing apoptosis based on TUNEL assay, subG1 DNA content, annexin V reactivity, and activation of caspases 3 and 8. We suggest a model whereby SV40‐transformed cells acquire increased sensitivity to apoptosis based on changes in properties which activate caspase 8 in addition to changes previously described involving shortening of telomeric sequences. While only telomere stabilization could be clearly shown to be essential for survival of cells through crisis, the extended period of cell replication and altered gene expression observed in SV40‐transformed cells during crisis are compatible with other genetic alterations in immortal cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 190: 332–344, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simultaneous SOx /NOx removal in a fluidized bed reactor using natural manganese ore
Authors: Jeong Soon Kwan , Park Tae Sung , Hong Sung Chang 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this experiment, the simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO from flue gases was investigated through the use of natural manganese ore as a sorbent‐catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor. Selective catalytic reduction behavior was determined as a function of the sulfation degree within the temperature range from 100 °C to 500 °C. The natural manganese ore showed a high activity in the production of nitrogen and water by the reaction of nitric oxide with ammonia and oxygen up to around 200 °C. At higher temperatures, the nitric oxide removal efficiency decreased due to the oxidation of ammonia by oxygen. With the increase of sulfation degree, the temperature at which the maximum selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide appears gradually increased, however the maximum nitric oxide removal efficiency decreased. Additionally, we investigated the removal efficiency of sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide with reaction time in a batch fluidized bed reactor within a temperature range of 350 °C to 500 °C. As the reaction temperature increased, the adsorption capacity of sulfur dioxide increased, but the nitric oxide removal efficiency decreased.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Transport of mercury(II) ion through a supported liquid membrane containing a triisobutylphosphine sulfide (Cyanex 471X) as a mobile carrier
Authors: Bhandare A A , Argekar A P 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCarrier‐facilitated transport of mercury(II) against its concentration gradient from aqueous 0.1 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid solution across a flat‐sheet supported liquid membrane (SLM) containing triisobutylphosphine sulfide (Cyanex 471X) as the mobile carrier in kerosene as diluent has been investigated. Dilute sodium thiocyanate solution (0.11 mol dm−3) was the most efficient stripping agent among several aqueous reagents tested. Various parameters such as stirring rate, concentration of HCl in the feed solution, concentration of NaSCN in the strippant, concentration of Cyanex 471X in the membrane, and contact time were investigated. Under optimum conditions the transport of Hg(II) across the liquid membrane is about 100% after 6 h. The carrier, Cyanex 471X, selectively and efficiently transported Hg(II) ions in the presence of other associated metal ions. The method has been demonstrated to recover selectively mercury from waste samples and mercurochrome solution.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Groin hernias in adults: Value of color doppler sonography in their classification
Authors: Zhang Guo‐Quan , Sugiyama Masanori , Hagi Hiroo , Urata Tsuyoshi , Shimamori Naoko , Atomi Yutaka 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPurposeWe assessed the abilities of color Doppler and power Doppler sonography to distinguish among types of groin hernias by demonstrating the inferior epigastric artery (IEA) and its relationship with the hernia sac.MethodsNineteen consecutive patients (14 men and 5 women), clinically diagnosed as having groin hernias and scheduled to undergo herniorrhaphy, were prospectively enrolled in this study. Ultrasound examinations were performed preoperatively with a 6–12‐MHz linear‐array transducer. The IEA was identified, if possible, and its relationship to the hernia sac assessed. The sonographic diagnoses were compared with the operative findings.ResultsThere were 15 indirect inguinal hernias, 4 direct inguinal hernias, and 1 femoral hernia; 1 patient had bilateral inguinal hernias (indirect and direct). In 18 (90%) of 20 hernia cases, the trunk segment of the IEA could be visualized. In 11 (55%) of 20 hernia cases, the origin segment of the IEA could be visualized and its relationship with the hernia sac assessed. In 9 (82%) of the 11 hernia cases, hernia types were correctly diagnosed by sonography. The overall accuracy of sonography for diagnosing the type of hernia was 45% (9 of 20 hernias).ConclusionsColor Doppler sonography can accurately differentiate types of groin hernias if the origin segment of the IEA and the hernia sac can be visualized simultaneously. However, color Doppler sonography sometimes failed to visualize this segment. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 29: 429–434, 2001.
Hydatid cyst of the liver presenting as an inferior vena cava obstruction
Authors: Rajagopal K.V. , Bishwas Rakesh 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA 48‐year‐old woman presented with clinical features suggestive of an obstruction of the inferior vena cava (IVC). Abdominal sonography showed a 15‐ × 14‐cm cystic mass involving the medial segment of the left hepatic lobe and the anterior segment of the right hepatic lobe. We visualized multiple intracystic floating membranes, a detached endocyst, and a daughter cyst within the main cyst. The cyst was compressing and effacing the intrahepatic portion of the IVC and the right atrium. Sonography of the right and left hepatic veins showed blood flow in the normal direction, but spectral analysis showed that the flow was continuous, possibly owing to extrinsic compression of the IVC at the site where the hepatic veins drained into the IVC. The patient responded well to percutaneous treatment of the hydatid cyst. This case represents a rare presentation of a hydatid cyst of the liver. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:114–116, 2002. DOI 10.1002/jcu.10036