bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo in Childhood: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Lanzi G. , Balottin U. , Fazzi E. , Mira E. , Piacentino G. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSIS21 children suffering from benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) were submitted to complete otoneurological examination, including caloric and rotational tabyrinthine stimulation with ENG recording, and to headache provocation tests with nitroglycerin, histamine and fenfluramine. Vestibular responses were normal in all except 2 cases which presented signs of central vestibular impairment at the level of the vestibulo‐cerebellar pathways. Headache provocation tests were positive in 10 out of 15 children, and in 5 cases they induced a typical vertiginous attack instead of headache.Several children had a positive family history for migraine. Sometimes headache was associated with the vertigo attack. Sometimes other signs of a “periodic syndrome” (motion sickness, cyclic vomiting, abdominal pain) occurred at times which were unrelated to vertiginous attacks. During the follow‐up period, some children responded positively to migraine treatment.By the authors, BPV is considered a migraine equivalent or a migraine precursor, and could be due to the same pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for the migraine.
Migraine and Intercalated Seizures With Occipital EEG Paroxysms: Observations on a Family
Authors: Terzano Mario Giovanni , Pietrini Vladimiro , Parrino Liborio , Milone Francesco Ferro 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA 12‐year‐old girl presented three distinct attacks of classic migraine. In all attacks, an occipital seizure with impairment of consciousness was intercalated between the visual prodrome and the headache. A right occipital epileptogenic focus was detected by the EEG. Neurologic examination was normal. CT‐scan and laboratory work were unremarkable. Flunarizine treatment controlled both the migraine and seizure components. Periodic migraine episodes with visual phenomena occurred in three other female components of the same family. However, the attacks were never associated with epileptic manifestations. Only the 10‐year‐old sister, who suffered from common migraine, showed sporadic interictal EEG abnormalities in the right posterior leads.The possible neurophysiologic interplay between classic migraine and epilepsy in intercalated attacks may be explained on the basis of the “spreading depression” mechanism. The intense neuronal excitation preceding the migraine aura might play a “triggering” role on the occipital epileptogenic focus.Similarities and differences between this benign though unusual syndrome and other forms of epilepsy in childhood, are also discussed.
Migraine‐Induced Epistaxis
Authors: Sperber Ami D. , Abarbanel Jacob M. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISWe report the case of a woman with recurrent episodes of throbbing head pain which culminate in epistaxis, which in turn seems to speedily end the headache. There is no evidence of intracranial or nasal pathology. References in the literature to the association between migraine and epistaxis are sparse.
Posterior Cervical‐Thoracic Thermograms: Pattern Persistence and Correlation with Chronic Headache Syndromes
Authors: Swerdlow Bernard , Dieter John Nathan 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThese experiments investigate thermographic patterns in the posterior cervical/thoracic (PCT) region of 530headache patients and 30 headache/injury‐free volunteers. The study examines: The longitudinal persistence ofProximal and Distal patterns; three distinct midline patterns (PCT I, II, and III); and their correlation with diagnosis,injury, and pain.Twenty‐four (80%) of 30 randomly selected subjects displayed unchanged Proximal patterns at the meanobservation period of 5.5 months. PCT pattern fluctuations occurred in 13/30 (43.3%) subjects. The distinctivenessof each subject's Proximal and Distal patterns was verified by blind calling of thermogram pairs. Patternpersistence was validated with alcohol spray‐Patterns were identical regardless of using a 0.5°C or 1.0°Ctemperature setting. Temperature settings of 1.0°C yielded more distinct Proximal and Distal patterns.Chi square analysis determined that there was no significant difference in the number of PCT III patterns in theexperimental or control groups.In conclusion, it appears that Proximal and Distal Patterns may be consistent over time and individually unique,but that PCT patterns fluctuate and, therefore, do not correlate with chronic headaches.
Personality and Behavioural Characteristics in Pediatric Migraine
Authors: Cunningham S.J. , McGrath P.J. , McGrath P.J. , McGrath P.J. , McGrath P.J. , Ferguson H.B. , Humphreys R , D'Astous J. , Latter J. , Goodman J.T. , Goodman J.T. , Goodman J.T. , Firestone R 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISPersonality and behavioural features in pediatric migraine were investigated in a comparison study of 20boys and girls with migraine, matched for age and sex with a “pain” control group of 20 children withmusculoskeletal pain, and with a “no‐pain” control group of 20 children. When the amount of pain experiencedby children was controlled, the only discriminating variable was that of somatic complaints which includedvomiting, nausea, and perceptual disturbances, all migraine‐related phenomena. The inclusion of the “pain” control group in this investigation yielded results which indicated that the behavioural and personality featuresthought to be characteristic of childhood migraine are common to a chronic pain disorder and in fact, themanifestation of many of these features correlate directly with the amount of pain experienced. It is suggestedthat the personality and behavioural characteristics evident in many children with migraine may result from therecurrent chronic pain episodes rather than in some way being causative of the pain.
Variations in the Leu7+ and LeuM3+ Leukocyte Subpopulations Observed in Cluster Headache are Dependent on HLA‐DR Antigens
Authors: Giacovazzo M. , Martelletti P , Valeri M. , Piazza A. , Monaco P.I. , Casciani C.U. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe subpopulations of T‐lymphocytes and monocytes were studied in 21 Episodic Cluster Headache (ECH) patients, both in and out of the crisis. The following MoAb of the Becton‐Dickinson series were used: Leu1 (pan T cells), Leu2a (suppressor/cytotoxic cells), Leu3a (helper cells), Leu7 (NK cells) and LeuM3 (monocytes). All the subjects were typed for the HLA‐A,B,C and DR antigens of the Human Major Histocompatibility Complex. 10 patients out of 21 were DR5+. Thus, two groups could be distinguished: DR5 + patients and DR5‐ patients. We correlated the variations of the leukocyte subpopulations in and out of the crises with the two groups, since HLA‐DR antigens are related to the immune response.A significant increase of the LeuM3 + cells during the crisis was observed in DR5‐ group (26.2 ± 7.7 vs 18.3 ± 7.1; p < 0.05). In the DR5 + group there was an increase of the Leu7 + cells during the crisis (18.1 ± 6.7 vs 12.7 ± 4.9; p < 0.05) whereas outside of the crisis the LeuM3 + subpopulation increased (21.9 ± 7.6 vs 18.3 ± 7.1; p < 0.02) in the same group. The observed values of the leukocyte subpopulations studied (difference between the data of crisis and out of it) in the two groups were not significantly different. These data confirm our previous studies on Leu7+ and LeuM3 + subsets in ECH patients. Moreover, they allow new speculation about a possible role of Class II antigens (HLA‐DR) in ECH.
Long‐Acting Propranolol in the Prophylaxis of Migraine
Authors: Diamond Seymour , Solomon Glen D. , Freitag Frederick G. , Mehta Nilesh D. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA retrospective chart review of 200 patients with headache who had been treated with long‐acting propranolol indicated that this agent is as safe and as efficacious as regular propranoIol in the prophylaxis of migraine. Overall, 57% reported good or excellent results. Only 7% had to discontinue treatment because of side effects. Compliance was excellent with the long‐acting form.
Subchronic Cluster Headache
Authors: Kudrow Lee 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA subgroup of 33 patients were distinguished from 59 other patients with episodic cluster headache by shorterremission periods, specifically of less than six months duration. This subgroup (subchronic cluster headache)was compared to episodic cluster headache patients and an additional 29 patients with chronic cluster headache,for differences in several clinical parameters.Results of this study demonstrated that the subchronic group was clinically similar to the chronic group andsignificantly different from episodic cluster headache patients. Thus, sub‐chronic cluster headache wascharacterized by an increased frequency of treatment‐resistance, headache attacks, drug abuse, hypochondriasisand prolonged cluster periods.Results of this study suggests that subchronic cluster headache, as defined by remission duration of sixmonths or less, may be a clinically relevant class of cluster headache. Distinction of this subgroup from thebroader “episodic” category may permit more accurate prognostic and therapeutic capabilities.
On Specific Behavior of Migraine Patients in an Anger‐Provoking Situation
Authors: Grothgar Barbara , Scholz O. Berndt 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe purpose of this controlled study was to compare anger experience, anger‐relevant psychophysiological parameters, and expressive anger behavior of migraine patients, with those of pain patients and of healthy controls. Based on the probability of solving anagram tasks, we defined an anger‐provoking condition and a control condition. Data from 72 female subjects were used for analysis. Migraine patients showed a deficit in open anger behavior; their diastolic blood pressure decreased and their pulse pressure (SBP‐DBP) was higher compared to the two control groups. They did not differ with respect to their self‐reported anger experience.
The Role of MRI in the Evaluation of a Migraine Population: Preliminary Data
Authors: Kaplan Robert D. , Solomon Glen D. , Diamond Seymour , Freitag Frederick G. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISAnalysis of preliminary data comparing contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a migraine population strongly suggests that MRI is a necessary adjunct in the detection of intracerebral pathology. Additional information obtained utilizing cerebral MRI was present in approximately 33 percent of cases. Two patients demonstrated findings consistent with cerebral infarction, without comparable abnormality on CECT. Most striking was the discovery of a high signal intensity focus in the medulla of a 24 year old female with a normal CECT. This proved to be a malignant astrocytoma.
Migraine, Large Pupils, Mitral Valve Prolapse and Emotional Disturbances: An Autonomic Disorder
Authors: Herman Peter 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThirteen young women with vascular headaches and unusually large pupils seen at the Mount Sinai Headache Clinic, were investigated for the presence of autonomic dysfunction. Two had had a significant cerebral event: one, a frontal infarct and one, a transient hemisphere deficit.Measurement of the pupil size by pupillography showed only a small increase in size after Paredrine drops, indicating a partial saturation of iris adrenergic receptors.Hypertension was present in three, and low blood pressure in five. Red blotching of the face, neck, and thorax was present in seven. Emotional disturbances ranging from neurosis to manic depressive episodes and schizoid features were present in all. Echocardiography performed in nine patients demonstrated a mitral valve prolapse in eight.The severe headaches, as well as the mood swings and occasional cardiac complaints, responded well to propranolol (Inderal). This syndrome of autonomic dysfunction is thought to be a variant of “hyperdynamic ß adrenergic circulatory state” (1–2) affecting the vessels of the scalp, skin, heart, and iris.The presence of M.V.P. places these migraine patients in a certain cardiac and neurologic risk category. Young patients with a diagnosis of ophthalmoplegic and hemiplegic migraine, should have a thorough cardiac evaluation in addition to CT Scan.
Pharmacological Treatment of Primary Headache: Analysis of Current Practice From a Drug Utilization Study
Authors: Scarani Gabriella , Beghi Ettore , Tognoni Gianni 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISIn a retrospective analysis of the records of 500 patients with “primary headache” (i.e. unknown etiology) it was found thattreatments prescribed by the clinic physicians varied widely, seemed not to be closely correlated with the subtype of headache (e.g. migraine, muscle contraction), and seemed not to reflect the recommendations given in controlled studies in the scientific literature. A very large number of drugs were used, often in combinations, and some had scant or no rationale for use for the indication of headache. Efficacy varied, but over time only 30% seemed to maintain a degree of effectiveness.Many drug studies in the literature are artefactually clear cut in terms of composition of patients with “pure” headache subsets, and include a relatively short follow‐up. A more realistic appraisal of a drug's everyday efficacy could be obtained by utilizing patient populations which more accurately reflect reality, and by following them up for prolonged periods.
The Natural History of Episodic Cluster Headache
Authors: Sacquegna T. , de Carolis P. , Agati R. , de Capoa D. , Baldrati A. , Cortelli P. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISWe studied the course of episodic cluster headache in 72 patients. Sixty‐two cases (86%) had a regular frequency of clusters per year. Most patients suffered from 1 bout a year. A prolonged remission (> 1 year) did not change the frequency pattern of clusters per year. Fifty patients (69%) had a fixed pattern both of frequency and duration of bouts. Thirty‐seven patients (51%) had a regular frequency of bouts per year, a fixed duration of bouts and a fixed frequency of attacks a day.Our results show that the natural history of most cluster headache (CH) patients is characterized by a regular pattern.
Stroke in Migraine as a Consequence of Propranolol
Authors: Bardwell Avelina , Trott Justina A. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThere have been two previous case reports of complicated migraine headaches associated with the use of beta blockers. In this article we report a third case of complicated migraine in a patient with longstanding migraine headaches taking propranolol for hypertension. Visual field testing demonstrated a left homonymous hemianopsia and CT scan revealed a low density defect in the left posterior parietal‐occipital area without enhancement. A review of the literature on stroke in migraine and the mechanism of action of beta‐blockers are included. We question the appropriateness of the use of beta‐blocking agents for prophylaxis of migraines associated with or preceded by conspicuous sensory or motor deficits.
Nimodipine in Episodic Cluster Headache: Results and Methodological Considerations
Authors: de Carolis P. , Baldrati A. , Agati R. , de Capoa D. , D'Alessandro R. , Sacquegna T. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Nimodipine on episodic cluster headache. 13 patents were studied in an open trial. The study design required that treatment be started 2 to 10 days after the beginning of cluster cycle. Nimodipine stopped clusters in 7 (53%) out of 13 patients within 10 days of treatment. We discuss the methodological aspects of drug assessment in episodic cluster headache.
Whiplash and Its Relationship to Migraine
Authors: Winston Ken R. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISFive patients with severely symptomatic cervical injury of the type commonly referred to as ‘whiplash’ were discovered to also have many migrainous features and all were successfully managed with medications. The relationship of whiplash to migraine is discussed and the argument made that whiplash is trauma‐precipitated cervical migraine.
Severe Headaches in the African: Report on 250 Cases from Sierra Leone, West Africa
Authors: Lisk Durodami Radcliffe 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe pattern of severe headaches in a clinic population of 250 indigenous Sierra Leonean Africans is studied. The sex ratio was 2.2 females to one male. The commonest cause of severe headaches was migraine, both common and classical, accounting for over 40% of cases. Next most common was tension headache. The prevalence of sinusitis of etiological importance was high at 15.6 per cent. Environmental and local cultural factors may contribute to such a high proportion. Hypertension, on the other hand, though a widespread medical problem accounted for only 4.4 percent of cases.The prevalence of sickling positivity, though higher in the migraine groups, was not significantly higher than in the general population.Four patients with severe headaches died mainly from tumors and hemorrhage giving a mortality of about 1.6%.It appears as if the pattern of severe headaches in the Sierra Leonean African is basically similar to that of other racial groups.
Internal Ophthalmoplegia in Complicated Migraine: A Case Report
Authors: Bussone G. , Mantia L. La , Grazzi L. , Lamperti E. , Boiardi A. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA 25 year old woman with a history of migraine came to our observation complaining of blurred vision and mydriasis in the right eye, starting several hours after a typical attack of common migraine had resolved. We believe this to be a case of ophthalmoplegic migraine characterized by only an isolated internal ophthalmoplegia without external third nerve involvement.Differential diagnosis and possible pathogenetic aspects are discussed.
Seizures in Migraine: Warning of an Underlying Cerebral Infarction?
Authors: Shuaib Ashfaq , Lee Mary Anne 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISReports of an association between migraine and seizures have existed for a long time. A syndrome of basilar artery migraine, seizures and abnormal EEG's has also been published. We now report four patients with seizures and migraine in whom we feel the seizures were secondary to cerebral infarctions. Migraine was of the classical type in all patients and the auras were predominantly visual, Neurological symptoms associated with the cerebral infarctions were mild or transient and could have easily been dismissed as “complex migraine”. CT scans showed cerebral infarctions involving the occipital cortex in all four cases. Two‐dimensional echocardiography revealed mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in two cases and a bicuspid aortic valve in one case. In two cases, both with MVP, there were more than one cerebral infarctions.Seizures may be an early warning of cerebral infarctions in patients with migraine and should alert the physician towards such a possibility.
Behavioral Research on Headaches: a Coded Bibliography
Authors: Martin Paul R. , Marie Gregory V. , Nathan Paula R. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThis coded bibliography aims to include all behavioral headache research published to date. Four hundred and forty references have been found predominantly through Psychological Abstracts and the journal Headache. Each article has been coded according to seven variables which describe the subject sample, and thirteen variables which describe the focus or topic of the study. Each reference preceded by the reference number, subject code, number of subjects in the study, and the topic code. Examples of subject codes are the types of headache the subjects were suffering from; and examples of topic codes are studies focussing on psychophysiological mechanisms, biofeedback training and personality. A table of reference numbers lists the articles pertaining to each topic starting with those including both tension headache and migraine subjects, followed by those including only tension headache subjects, then migraine only, and finally, ‘other’. Hence, this table enables rapid retrieval of references according to the focus of the study and characteristics of the subject sample.
Hypermetabolic Disorders Presenting as Headache with Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Metzer W. Steven , Lucy Dennis D. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISPatients with anxiety and depression frequently complain of headache chronically. Two cases of patients with hyper‐metabolic disorders presenting as headache with anxiety and depression are presented. One patient had a pheochromocytoma and one patient had hyperthyroidism. In addition to specific neurologic and psychiatric disorders, hypermetabolic disorders should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic cephalgia with anxiety and depression.
Complete External Ophthalmoplegia in a Case of Pseudotumor Cerebri
Authors: Landan Ivan , Policherla Haranath , McLaurin Jasper 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA 28 year old woman was admitted to the hospital with a 4 month history of headaches and blurred vision and a 2 week progressive loss of visual acuity. On examination she was found to have complete external ophthalmoplegia, florid papilledema and an otherwise normal neurologic examination. Cerebrospinal fluid pressure and protein supported the diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri. A normal cerebral angiogram and “slit‐like” ventricles on brain computed tomography supported the diagnosis. She was treated with cortico‐steroids, and acetazolamide and underwent optic nerve fenestration bilaterally. This resulted in complete resolution of the ophthalmoplegia and papilledema.
Five Year Prospective Follow‐up on the Treatment of Chronic Headache with Biofeedback and/or Relaxation
Authors: Blanchard Edward B. , Appelbaum Kenneth A. , Guarnieri Patricia , Morrill Belinda , Dentinger Mark P. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISWe have followed‐up, by means of 4 weeks of headache diary, 21 chronic headache patients (9 tension, 12 vascular) annually for 5 years after the successful completion of biofeedback and/or relaxation training. Results show 78% tension headache patients and 91% of vascular headache patients are still significantly improved.
Headache and Subacute Sinusiris in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Faleck Herbert , Rothner A.D. , Erenberg Gerald , Cruse Robert P. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe medical records of 150 children and adolescents with chronic headaches seen during 1984 and 1985 were reviewed. Sinus pathology diagnosed radiographically was present in 15 patients. None had prominent respiratory symptoms. All improved with appropriate therapy directed toward the sinus pathology. The importance of including sinusitis in the differential diagnosis when seeing children and adolescents with chronic headache is emphasized.
Effectiveness of Nadolol in a Clinic Population of Migrainous Patients
Authors: Medina José L. , Medina José L. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISAn uncontrolled 15‐month prospective study was conducted in a clinic population of 116 migrainous patients who received 20–240 mg. of nadolol dally (average = 46.9 mg) for 1–15 months (average = 7.0 months). The 116 patients were classified into: Group A ‐ 33 patients who partially responded to proprenolol who were switched to nadolol; Group B ‐ 48 patients with mixed migraine and muscle contraction headache who had partially responded to antidepressants; and Group C ‐ 35 new patients who were treated with nadolol. Eleven patients were lost to follow‐up. In Group A, 3 patients did equally well on both medication, 19 (61.2%) did better on nadolol, and 7 (22.5%) did worse. In Group B, 21 patients (45.7%) responded to nadolol and in Group C, 21 (75.0%). It took an average of 3 months before nadolol achieved complete control of the headaches in 17 patients. Response to nadolol could not be linked with beta blockade and the daily dose required was low (average = 39.7 mg.). This study suggests that nadolol is effective and safe in the long‐term therapy of migraine and may become more effectual with time. Its spectrum of efficacy includes simple migraine headaches, and the less responsive, intricate types of migrainous headaches of the Headache Clinic population.