bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the silent crisis: global burden of suicide-related deaths among children aged 10–14 years
Authors: Michalek Irmina Maria , Koczkodaj Pawel , Michalek Marzena , Caetano dos Santos Florentino Luciano 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The rise in suicides among children aged 10–14 years demands urgent attention globally. This study aims to assess the global burden of suicide-related deaths in this age group from 1990 to 2019, considering factors such as sex, geography, and sociodemographics, to inform prevention strategies and interventions.

Methods
The data from Global Burden of Disease 2019, encompassing 204 countries and territories, were analyzed to investigate deaths and years of life lost (YLLs) due to suicide among children aged 10–14 years. Statistical analyses, including mortality rates, YLLs, and the sociodemographic index (SDI), were conducted using standardized tools.

Results
In 2019, a total of 8327 [95% uncertainty interval (UI) = 7073–9685] children aged 10–14 years died globally due to suicide, with a mortality rate of 1.30 (95% UI = 1.10–1.51) per 100,000. The rates varied across countries/territories ranging between 0.05 (95% UI = 0.02–0.10) in South Africa and 7.49 (95% UI = 5.13–10.57) in Greenland. The contribution of suicide-related deaths to all-cause mortality ranged from 0.07% (95% UI = 0.04%–0.15%) in South Africa to 33.02% (95% UI = 24.36%–41.53%) in Greenland. Worldwide, there were approximately 636,196 (95% UI = 540,383–740,009) YLLs due to suicide, with a rate of 99.07 (95% UI = 84.15–115.23) per 100,000. The association between SDI and suicide-related deaths was evident, with higher contributions observed in countries with higher SDI.

Conclusions
This study reveals a concerning global burden of suicide-related deaths among children aged 10–14 years. Despite progress in reducing mortality rates, suicide remains a significant issue. While overall rates have declined, the percentage of deaths caused by suicide in this age group is increasing.

Graphical abstract
The Effects of Legacy Sediment Removal and Floodplain Reconnection on Riparian Plant Communities
Authors: Baltzer Patrick J. , Moore Joel , Salice Christopher J. , Beauchamp Vanessa B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStream restoration includes a number of different approaches intended to reduce sediment and nutrient export. Legacy sediment removal (LSR) and floodplain reconnection (FR) involve removing anthropogenically derived sediment accumulated in valley bottoms to reconnect incised streams to their floodplains. These projects also present an opportunity to create high-quality riparian and wetland plant communities and provide information about the early stages of wetland vegetation development and succession. We surveyed vegetation immediately after restoration at three sites and at three additional sites 1–3 years post-restoration to determine how LSR/FR affects riparian plant communities. Restoration increased the prevalence of hydrophytic herbaceous species at all sites, suggesting these projects successfully reconnected the stream to the floodplain. Pronounced decreases in woody basal area and stem density likely also influenced an increase in native and graminoid species after restoration. Only 16% of the indicator species identified for restored reaches were planted as part of the restoration, suggesting the local seed bank and other seed sources may be important for vegetation recovery and preservation of regional beta diversity. Although vegetation quality increased after restoration in reaches with initially low-quality herbaceous vegetation, vegetation quality did not improve or decreased after restoration in reaches with higher-quality vegetation before restoration. The practice of LSR/FR has the potential to improve the quality of some riparian vegetation communities, but the preservation of high-quality forested areas, even if they are atop legacy sediment terraces, should be considered, particularly if reductions in nutrient export do not offset losses in tree canopy.
Examining the structure validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index among female workers during New Zealand’s initial COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Helles Margrethe , Fletcher Richard , Münch Mirjam , Gibson Rosemary 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSleep is important for good physical and mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown created a unique context that impacted psychological and social drivers for sleeping well. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a widely used measurement tool assessing subjective sleep quality. The traditional model of the PSQI (a one-factor model), whilst validated and used across different populations, has also been questioned with regards to data fit and representativeness of its global score in different social and work-related circumstances. Examination of the structure validity of the PSQI in the unique context of the pandemic has been scarce. This study determined the PSQI structure validity amongst employed women considered to experience increased stressors during the pandemic lockdown. The subjectively reported PSQI data from 498 female workers (mean age 44.6 years) collected during New Zealand’s first national COVID-19 lockdown (April, 2020) was used. Confirmatory factor analyses compared the original one-factor model of the PSQI with the two- and three-factor models used by Jia et al. (2019) within this pandemic context. Results showed that the two-factor model provided a superior fit of the PSQI data compared to the original one-factor or a three-factor model. These findings suggest that a sub-score of the PSQI with two factors appears to be better at describing the sleep quality of healthy working women during the constrained situation of the pandemic lockdown compared to a single global sleep quality score. This indicates the importance of considering the validity of subjective sleep measures when used within unique social contexts and stressors.
A GPU scheme for multi-secret visual sharing with varied secret dimensions and contrast enhancement using blind super-resolution
Authors: Holla M. Raviraja , Suma D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMulti-secret visual sharing schemes are essential for secure and efficient sharing of sensitive visual information. However, existing schemes often overlook important considerations such as varied secret dimensions, contrast enhancement, and computational efficiency. This research addresses these challenges by proposing a comprehensive approach that addresses these limitations. Firstly, the scheme takes into account the varied dimensions of secret images encountered in real-world scenarios, allowing flexibility in sharing and reconstructing images of different sizes and aspect ratios. Secondly, the research integrates contrast enhancement techniques, such as blind super-resolution, to improve the visual quality and visibility of shared secret images affected by factors like noise, compression, or low lighting conditions. Lastly, to enhance the computational efficiency, the scheme leverages the power of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) for parallel computing, enabling faster processing of large-scale image operations. The proposed scheme achieves outstanding results, with a high PSNR of 98.264, a strong NCC value of 0.965, an exceptionally low NAE value of 0.046, and an impressive SSIM value of 0.983. Furthermore, the GPU implementation provides a remarkable overall speedup of $$112\times$$

112
×

for $$256 \times 256$$

256
×
256

color images.
Variable selection through adaptive elastic net for proportional odds model
Authors: Wang Chunxiang , Li Nan , Diao Hongbin , Lu Lanqing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a method for fitting the proportional odds model by maximizing the marginal likelihood while incorporating an elastic net penalty. We assign adaptive weights to different coefficients, allowing important variables to receive smaller penalties and be more protectively retained in the final model, while unimportant variables receive larger penalties and are more likely to be eliminated. This approach combines the strengths of adaptively weighted LASSO shrinkage and quadratic regularization, resulting in optimal large sample performance and the ability to effectively handle collinearity. We also present a computational algorithm for the proposed method and compare its performance to that of LASSO, elastic net, and adaptive LASSO through simulation studies and applications to real datasets. The results demonstrate that the proposed method tends to perform better than existing approaches.
Use of immuno-flow cytometry and real-time PCR disclose the epidemiological behaviour of Erwinia amylovora populations during the winter in Portuguese pear orchards
Authors: McGuire Daniel , Costa Telma , Tenreiro Ana , Cruz Joana , Sousa Rui , de Sousa Miguel Leão , Martins Carmo , Pinto Francisco , Gama-Carvalho Margarida , Tenreiro Rogério , Cruz Leonor 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe persistence and progression of Erwinia amylovora in naturally infected orchards is still not fully understood and the majority of studies have been carried out under controlled or artificial infections. A major hurdle stems from the inability to characterize the viability of the bacterium in its natural state. Most standard tests, including real-time qPCR, fail to differentiate live from dead cells, while culture dependent methods lack sensitivity. Even in orchards with recurring infections, the detection of E. amylovora is erratic. Immuno-flow cytometry (IFCM) is considered a high throughput tool in clinics and food industry but has been rarely used as diagnostic test for plant pathogens. Two pear orchards with fire blight history, located in the central part of Portugal, were selected for epidemiological monitoring between February and June, from 2019 to 2022. A total of 440 samples were tested using EPPO standard diagnostic protocols. To address the epidemiological behaviour of E. amylovora, we devised an IFCM test using specific monoclonal antibodies and viability dyes, validated in a subset of 149 samples, testing positive in routine diagnostic tests. Our IFCM test was able to differentiate live and dead E. amylovora in naturally infected samples with concentrations as low as 3.54 × 104 cell·mL−1, confirming positive results for 91% these samples, while 19.4% were considered positive by isolation, 38% using conventional PCR and 95% for real-time qPCR. Temporal analysis showed the highest number of positive samples regardless of the method employed in April, May and June, while viability values measured with IFCM were the highest in April, coinciding with the exit of dormancy and early flowering of pear trees. Integrative analysis of E. amylovora viability and population dynamics over the growing season allowed identification of distinct outbreak risks associated with these Portuguese pear orchards.
Mating behaviors in ovoviviparous black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii): molecular function of prostaglandin E2 as both a hormone and pheromone
Authors: Lyu Likang , Yao Yijia , Xie Songyang , Wang Xiaojie , Wen Haishen , Li Yun , Li Jianshuang , Zuo Chenpeng , Yan Shaojing , Dong Jingyi , Qi Xin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProstaglandins (PGs) are profound hormones in teleost sexual behavior, especially in mating. PGs act as pheromones that affect the olfactory sensory neurons of males, inducing the initiation of a series of mating behaviors. However, the molecular mechanism by which PGs trigger mating behavior in ovoviviparous teleosts is still unclear. In the present study, we employed the ovoviviparous black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii), an economically important marine species whose reproductive production is limited by incomplete fertilization, as a model species. The results showed that when the dose of PGE2 was higher than 10 nmol/L, a significant (P < 0.05) increase in mating behaviors was observed. Dual-fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated that PGE2 could fire specific neurons in different brain regions and receptor cells in the olfactory sac. After combining with specific neurons in the central nervous system (CNS), a series of genes related to reproduction are activated. The intracerebroventricular administration of PGE2 significantly increased lhb levels (P < 0.05) in both sexes. Moreover, steroidogenesis in gonads was also affected, inducing an increase (P < 0.05) in E2 levels in males and T levels in females. PGE2 levels were also increased significantly (P < 0.05) in both sexes. The present study revealed that PGE2 can activate mating behavior in black rockfish in both hormone and pheromone pathways, leading to variations in sex steroid levels and activation of reproductive behaviors. Our results provide not only novel insight into the onset of mating behaviors in ovoviviparous teleosts but also solutions for the incomplete fertilization caused by natural mating in cage aquaculture.
Systematic determination of the optimized Zr content of Ba(ZrxTi1-x)O3 with high dielectric constant at room temperature for high-voltage system application
Authors: Kim Jandi , Seo Ji Hye , Lee Sang Heun , Cho Myunghee , Kwak Hun , Cheon Ran Sae , Cho Seungchan , Cho Sung Beom , Kim Minkee , Lee Yoon-Seok , Kim Yangdo , Choi Moonhee 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, by replacing the B-site element in BaTiO3, a ferroelectric material, with an element with a larger ionic radius, a ferroelectric material with high permittivity at room temperature was synthesized. The powders were prepared by solid-state reaction to perform lattice substitution with Zr4+ (0.72 Å), which has a larger ionic radius than Ti4+ (0.605 Å). To perform effective solid-state reaction and better understand the correlation between variables, this study introduced a design of experiment (DOE) based on the orthogonal array (OA) method included in the PIAno software. By substituting 0.222 mol of Zr, which has a large ionic radius, the crystal structure was deformed through an effective diffuse phase transition (DPT), and this resulted in the largest improvement in permittivity at room temperature. In addition, the powder, which underwent solid-state reaction at 1300 °C, formed the densest structure during sintering, which established the conditions for realizing the best dielectric properties. These results can be utilized as a key material for improving the properties of passive devices used in high-voltage industrial systems in societies undergoing the fourth industrial revolution.
Digital empowerment and innovation in risk control strategies for fishery supply chain finance—a case study of Puhui agriculture and animal husbandry financing guarantee company limited
Authors: Du Yuan , Xu Huijie , Chen Yuerun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo examine how to innovate the model of financing a fishery supply chain and develop risk control strategies for seafood and aquaculture enterprises in the digital empowerment scenario, this study conducts field research on a leading agricultural enterprise, New Hope Liuhe Company Limited (hereinafter referred to as ‘New Hope Liuhe’) and its subsidiary Puhui Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Financing Guarantee Company Limited (hereinafter referred to as ‘Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Guarantee Co.’), based on business and financial risks from three phases of loan application, loan use, and loan recovery. The study found that New Hope Liuhe optimizes the division of functions among core enterprises in supply chain finance and develops innovative digital risk control strategies using ‘online big data + offline visits’ to effectively control business and financial risks in fishery supply chain finance. Accordingly, this study suggests that seafood and aquaculture enterprises that implement supply chain finance should innovate the model of supply chain finance from the perspective of differentiation of core enterprise functions and continuously innovate the risk control strategies using digital empowerment and big data in fishery operation.
The location of high-degree vertices in weighted recursive graphs with bounded random weights
Authors: Lodewijks Bas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe study the asymptotic growth rate of the labels of high-degree vertices in weighted recursive graphs (WRGs) when the weights are independent, identically distributed, almost surely bounded random variables, and as a result confirm a conjecture by Lodewijks and Ortgiese (‘The maximal degree in random recursive graphs with random weights’, preprint, 2020). WRGs are a generalisation of the random recursive tree and directed acyclic graph models, in which vertices are assigned vertex-weights and where new vertices attach to
$m\in\mathbb{N}$
predecessors, each selected independently with a probability proportional to the vertex-weight of the predecessor. Prior work established the asymptotic growth rate of the maximum degree of the WRG model, and here we show that there exists a critical exponent
$\mu_m$
such that the typical label size of the maximum-degree vertex equals
$n^{\mu_m(1+o(1))}$
almost surely as n, the size of the graph, tends to infinity. These results extend results on the asymptotic behaviour of the location of the maximum degree, formerly only known for the random recursive tree model, to the more general weighted multigraph case of the WRG model. Moreover, for the weighted recursive tree model, that is, the WRG model with
$m=1$
, we prove the joint convergence of the rescaled degree and label of high-degree vertices under additional assumptions on the vertex-weight distribution, and also extend results on the growth rate of the maximum degree obtained by Eslava, Lodewijks, and Ortgiese (Stoch. Process. Appl.158, 2023).
A Very European Way Out: Polity Maintenance and the Design of Article 50
Authors: Ganderson Joseph , Donati Niccolò , Ferrera Maurizio , Kyriazi Anna , Truchlewski Zbigniew 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMultilevel polities do not typically facilitate secession, so why did the European Union adopt Article 50? Revisiting formative debates from the 2003 Convention on the Future of Europe, we combine archival research with an original dataset of delegate debates over two levels: the existence and procedural operation of an exit article. This reveals essential new detail on the genealogy of Article 50. We locate this institutional innovation within a Rokkanian–Hirschmanian theoretical framework which treats exit closure as necessary for loyalty and resilience. Further refining this ‘polity’ perspective, we find many participants showed awareness of the potentially disruptive implications of an exit article. Yet, given extant tensions around ‘ever closer union’, a Eurocentric procedural design prevailed as a safety valve, granting EU authorities default control over any exit process. This European logic of ‘controlled opening' offers a potential blueprint for other integrating compound polities and international organizations facing backlashes from member states.
Automated detection of edge clusters via an overfitted mixture prior
Authors: Pham Hanh T. D. , Sewell Daniel K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMost community detection methods focus on clustering actors with common features in a network. However, clustering edges offers a more intuitive way to understand the network structure in many real-life applications. Among the existing methods for network edge clustering, the majority are algorithmic, with the exception of the latent space edge clustering (LSEC) model proposed by Sewell (Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 30(2), 390–405, 2021). LSEC was shown to have good performance in simulation and real-life data analysis, but fitting this model requires prior knowledge of the number of clusters and latent dimensions, which are often unknown to researchers. Within a Bayesian framework, we propose an extension to the LSEC model using a sparse finite mixture prior that supports automated selection of the number of clusters. We refer to our proposed approach as the automated LSEC or aLSEC. We develop a variational Bayes generalized expectation-maximization approach and a Hamiltonian Monte Carlo-within Gibbs algorithm for estimation. Our simulation study showed that aLSEC reduced run time by 10 to over 100 times compared to LSEC. Like LSEC, aLSEC maintains a computational cost that grows linearly with the number of actors in a network, making it scalable to large sparse networks. We developed the R package aLSEC which implements the proposed methodology.
The Effects of Import Shocks, Electoral Institutions, and Radical Party Competition on Legislator Ideology: Evidence from France
Authors: Meyerrose Anna M. , Watson Sara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAcross advanced industrialized democracies, the political centre is collapsing as politicians on the far right and far left enjoy increasing electoral success. Recent research links import shocks to voter support for far-right parties. However, we know comparatively less about how these shocks impact individual legislator ideology, especially that of mainstream politicians. Do import shocks drive economic or cultural ideological shifts among mainstream legislators? If so, to what extent do local competitive contexts shape these shifts? Using a dataset of French Senate roll call votes, we find that localized increases in import exposure moves elite ideology to the left economically; this is magnified in departments with majoritarian electoral systems. We show that legislators shift their cultural positions in response to import shocks, but only when faced with extremist political competitors focused on cultural issues. Our results suggest the value of attending to how political and economic geography intersect to shape elite policy positions.
The Berbero-Semitic adjective
Authors: van Putten Marijn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt has long been recognized that the Semitic suffix conjugation and the Berber adjectival perfective suffix conjugation have striking similarities in their morphology, which has been correctly attributed to be the result of a shared inheritance from Proto-Afro-Asiatic. Nevertheless, the function of these conjugations in the respective language families is quite distinct. This article argues that ultimately this suffix conjugation is a predicative suffix in the common ancestor of Berber and Semitic, and moreover shows that Semitic and Berber have significant overlap in the stem formations of adjectives. It is argued that these formations must likewise be reconstructed for their common ancestor.
Navigating nuclear narratives in contemporary television: The BBC’s Vigil
Authors: Faux Emily 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article explores the BBC television drama Vigil (2021) as a significant site for the construction of public knowledge about nuclear weapons. In doing so, it extends beyond discourse-oriented approaches to explore how nuclear discourses manifest in visual communication, everyday encounters, and popular imagination. In a close reading of Vigil, this article questions concepts of security, peace, and deterrence, revealing how the series (occasionally) challenges conventional discourses while reproducing gendered and racialised representations of nuclear weapons politics. The exploration asks questions of responsibility for nuclear decision-making, the portrayal of anti-nuclear activists, and the depiction of nuclear weapons as agents of both peace and destruction. While the BBC series reproduces existing (and problematic) discourses, it also provides a ‘thinking space’ for critical engagement. Amid the current geopolitical landscape, this article emphasises the urgency of studying contemporary representations of nuclear weapons and the need for scholarship that challenges traditional Cold War perspectives.