bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of ultrasound‐guided percutaneous biopsy of the gastrointestinal tract in HIV‐infected patients
Authors: Bhaduri S. , Wiselka MJ. , Rogers PM. 
Published: March 2003

Objective To illustrate the use of percutaneous ultrasound‐guided biopsy of the gastrointestinal tract in HIV‐infected patients to obtain a tissue diagnosis. Design The technique was used in relation to relevant clinical situations in which a diagnosis may have only been reached by open biopsy. Method Three HIV‐infected patients with suspected gastrointestinal tract lesions underwent percutaneous ultrasound‐guided biopsy under local anaesthetic. Results A tissue diagnosis was made in each case resulting in initiation or continuation of appropriate therapy and avoided the need for open biopsy under general anaesthetic. Conclusion Although the number of patients undergoing the procedure in this series was small, the technique has so far been shown to be safe and effective with few complications.
Octapeptide but not nonapeptide from HIV‐1 p24gag protein upregulates cell surface HLA‐C expression
Authors: Kozłowska A , Gorczyca W , Maćkiewicz Z , Wojciechowska I , Kuśnierczyk P 
Published: March 2003

Objectives  The HLA‐Cw3 molecule has been reported to present peptides derived from HIV‐1 p24gag protein to a cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone. We have shown previously that the synthetic octapeptide 145–152 derived from the p24gag sequence upregulated cell surface HLA‐C expression on HLA‐Cw*0303+ cells. Here, we examined the question of whether the nonapeptide 144–152 also exerts a similar effect.Methods  The HLA‐Cw*0303+ B‐LCL PAJ and control HLA‐Cw3‐negative cells B‐LCL HAJ and T‐LCL 500/C9 were used. HLA expression on peptide‐pulsed and non‐pulsed cells was evaluated using specific antibodies and flow cytofluorimetry. Binding of dansylated peptides onto different cell lines was measured spectrofluorimetrically.Results  The HIV‐1 p24gag octapeptide upregulated cell surface HLA‐C on PAJ (Cw*0303+) cells, whereas the nonapeptide did not. HLA‐A2 expression was not affected by these peptides. Specificity of the effect of octapeptide was confirmed by the lack of HLA‐C upregulation on HLA‐Cw3– cells and by lower binding of dansylated petide to the HLA‐Cw3‐ cells HAJ and 500/C9.Conclusions  The above results indicate that HLA‐Cw*0303 preferentially binds the octapeptide rather than the nonapeptide derived from HIV‐1 p24gag protein.
Is acute appendicitis another inflammatory condition associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)?
Authors: Aldeen T , Horgan M , Macallan D C. , Thomas V , Hay P 
Published: March 2003

1

Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St George's Hospital, London, UK,

2

Department of Infectious Diseases, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland,

3

Department of Infectious Diseases and

4

Department of Histopathology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
Objective  To report the occurrence of acute appendicitis as a possible manifestation of the immune restoration inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) following the commencement of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV patients.Design  Case‐note review of HIV patients on HAART with acute appendicitis.Methods  Review of HIV markers, antiretroviral therapy and abdominal ultrasound results of four HIV patients with acute appendicitis and the histopathology reports on the appendix in two of the patients.Results  From a population of approximately 350 HIV patients on HAART, we found four patients who developed acute appendicitis within 6 months of commencing or changing HAART.Conclusion  Acute appendicitis occurring in HIV patients on HAART may represent a variant of IRIS. Further immunohistopathological and epidemiological evaluation will be needed to define this relationship fully.
Comparison of virtual phenotype and HIV‐SEQ program (Stanford) interpretation for predicting drug resistance of HIV strains
Authors: Puchhammer‐Stöckl E , Steininger C , Geringer E , Heinz FX 
Published: March 2003

ObjectiveDrug resistant HIV strains can be identified by genotypic analysis. The prediction of resistance from the HIV pol sequence, however, requires expert interpretation which is currently provided by various interpretation programs. In the present study, the comparability of two of these programs was investigated.MethodsOne hundred and six HIV sequences obtained from patient samples were subjected to interpretation by the Stanford HIV‐SEQ program (http://hivdb.stanford.edu) and, in parallel, by virtual phenotype analysis (VircoNET TM).ResultsThe overall concordance between the two assays was high with respect to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors. Highly discrepant results were obtained from 22 samples (1.5% of all comparisons), and these discrepancies were significantly associated with the interpretation of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) (P < 0.01), especially regarding resistance to zalcitabine (ddC), didanosine (ddI) and abacavir (ABC). Nearly all of these discrepant samples showed a sensitive virtual phenotype. Mutations at codons 69 and 74 were associated with a discrepant interpretation for ddC.ConclusionsThe prediction of resistance to certain NRTIs from a given HIV sequence may be contradictory and requires further investigation.
Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum (Anderson–Fabry’s disease): a case report
Authors: Massi Daniela , Martinelli Fabrizio , Battini Maria Luisa , Comin Camilla Eva , Franchi Alessandro , Gioia Olga , Santucci Marco 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report on a 14‐year‐old boy who presented with a 4‐year history of acral pains and febrile episodes. On physical examination, numerous small reddish papules were present on his abdomen, located predominantly on the periumbelical region. Renal function was within normal limits. Ophthalmological examination revealed whorled opacities of the cornea (cornea verticillata) and dilated tortuous conjunctival vessels. Histopathological examination of one of the cutaneous papules showed several dilated blood vessels in the superficial dermis surrounded by collarettes of thickened rete ridges, consistent with a diagnosis of angiokeratoma. The electron‐microscopic study of a skin specimen demonstrated the presence of dilated lysosomes with deposition of electron‐dense bodies, some of which with laminated structure, in endothelial cells and fibroblasts. These findings were regarded as indicative of Fabry’s disease. Subsequent biochemical analysis confirmed the presence of a α‐galactosidase A deficiency in leukocytes. In conclusion, we described the clinical, histopathological and submicroscopic findings of a case of Fabry’s disease, in which the combination of electron microscopic and biochemical approaches allowed the correct diagnosis.
Radiation therapy for extensive actinic keratosis
Authors: Barta U , Gräfe T , Wollina U 
Published: March 2003

AbstractActinic keratosis in the most common premalignant keratotic tumour of sun‐exposed skin. A 66‐year‐old man developed a large actinic keratosis on his scalp, which did not respond to conventional treatment. Fractionated radiotherapy with a cumulative dose of 28 Gy resulted in complete remission without relapse during a 14‐month follow‐up. In older subjects in whom conventional treatment fails, low‐dose fractionated radiation therapy is an effective alternative method.
Generalized morphoea in a patient with Felty’s syndrome
Authors: Robertson Lp , Davies Mg , Hickling P 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe describe a 54‐year‐old woman with long‐standing rheumatoid arthritis complicated by Felty’s syndrome and lung involvement who developed generalized morphoea with no features of systemic sclerosis. To our knowledge this is the first description of such a case.
Topical revitalization of body skin
Authors: Flynn Timothy Corcoran , Coleman W Patrick 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTopical treatments for the body are beneficial for photoageing as well as for specific disease processes, such as scars or striae. Every patient should topically apply photoprotectants in order to prevent photodamage to the skin. Tretinoin can improve body skin and has a documented use in striae. α‐Hydroxy acids can restore body skin when used on a regular basis. Antioxidants may be of benefit. Scars can be improved with a variety of topically applied agents ranging from silicone gel sheeting to super‐potent topical steroids. Chemical peeling for the body can improve the skin with the use of α‐ or β‐hydroxy acids. While topical therapy can improve body skin, adjunctive surgical therapy may be needed to correct body skin disorders or concerns fully.
Persistent pigmented purpuric eruption associated with mycosis fungoides: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Georgala S , Katoulis AC , Symeonidou S , Georgala C , Vayopoulos G 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA purpuric eruption may be an unusual early manifestation of mycosis fungoides (MF). On the other hand, persistent pigmented purpuric dermatoses (PPPD) may, occasionally, evolve to cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. Coexistence of these two conditions has been reported, but it is extremely rare. We present the case of an elderly woman with a long‐standing pruritic, pigmented purpuric eruption. On 1‐year follow‐up, histological features suggesting early MF were observed and molecular analysis of the rearrangement of T‐cell receptor genes revealed clonality. Our patient may represent a case of PPPD evolving to MF, a case of MF clinically featuring PPPD, or an intermediate condition in a nosological continuity extending from PPPD to MF. A persistent pigmented purpuric eruption may rarely be a harbinger of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. Therefore, vigilant long‐term follow‐up of PPPD is highly recommended.
Superficial granulomatous pyoderma: an idiopathic granulomatous cutaneous ulceration
Authors: Thami GP , Kaur S , Punia RS , Kanwar AJ 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA 70‐year‐old male with a superficial granulomatous ulcer is reported. Histopathological findings were the same as those described for superficial granulomatous pyoderma, a recognized variant of classic pyoderma gangrenosum. The differences between pyoderma gangrenosum and its variant superficial granulomatous pyoderma are highlighted.
An unusual case of palmoplantar keratoderma
Authors: Devos SA , Delescluse J 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACTA 55‐year‐old woman with palmoplantar keratoderma presented an associated hyperhidrosis with distinct odour and maceration. She had had the lesions for about 20 years and this seemed to be an isolated case in her family. This case appeared very unusual because there were no signs of acanthokeratolysis in the biopsies. Two months of treatment with acitretin (Neotigason®; 25 mg daily), produced a spectacular result: clearance of all the lesions on both hands and a strong diminution of the lesions on the soles. The Unna–Thost variant of palmoplantar keratoderma usually appears in the first few months of life, and it rarely appears in the third decade. The condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant with high penetrance and expressivity. Our subject appeared to be an exception to these two facts.
Neutrophilic pustulosis and ulcerative colitis
Authors: Vázquez J , Almagro M , Del Pozo J , Fonseca E 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACTNeutrophilic pustulosis is currently considered as a part of the spectrum of Sweet's syndrome, and has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease and several other diseases.We report the case of a 34‐year‐old male who had been suffering from ulcerative colitis (UC) for several years and who experienced the manifestation of a pustular eruption on both forearms and the abdominal wall during an exacerbation of his bowel disease. Both processes were controlled with steroids per os. The histological picture showed an inflammatory infiltrate composed mainly of neutrophils with scattered neutrophilic epidermal abscesses. Certain distinct clinical and histological characteristics have been described as diagnostic of the pustular eruption of UC. This picture should be included in the spectrum of the neutrophilic dermatosis, in our case associated with an ulcerative colitis.This is a well documented clinical and histologic case report of a recognized association of inflammatory pustulosis in the course of ulcerative colitis.
Pigmented terminal hair cysts within an intradermal melanocytic naevus
Authors: Erkek E , Bozdogan Ö 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACTThe combination of melanocytic naevi and cysts of adnexal or epithelial origin has been described previously. Herein we describe a case of intradermal melanocytic naevus containing pigmented terminal hair cysts, a rare variant of epithelial cysts. Our observation suggests that pigmented follicular cysts and combined cystic‐melanocytic lesions may be attributed to follicular occlusion.
Transvaginal color Doppler sonography of ovarian masses with pathological correlation
Authors: Fleischer A. C. , Rogers W. H. , Rao B. K. , Kepple D. M. , Jones H. W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis report describes the correlation of pathological findings with transvaginal color Doppler sonography performed preoperatively on 26 ovarian masses. The pulsatility indices of benign lesions (1.9 ± 0.7) were higher than those of malignant ones (0.7 ± 0.2) (p = 0.03). Low pulsatility indices (< 1.0) were found in three relatively vascular benign lesions (one immature teratoma, one cystadenoma containing a dermoid cyst, one endometrioma), causing an overlap between the pulsatility indices of some benign and malignant masses. There appears to be significant potential for discrimination between benign and malignant ovarian masses with transvaginal color Doppler sonography. Copyright © 1991 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Intraovarian Doppler velocimetry in ovulatory, dysovulatory and anovulatory cycles
Authors: Mercé L. T. , Garcés D. , Barco M. J. , de la Fuente F. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe have evaluated 48 spontaneous ovarian cycles in 23 women by transabdominal Doppler ultrasound. A total of 1064 intraovarian flow velocity waveform recordings were obtained. The ultrasound assessment of follicular growth, and changes in the concentrations of urinary luteinizing hormone and serum progesterone were used to classify the cycles. After follicular rupture (and presumed ovulation) in 30 cycles, the intraovarian flow velocity waveform (dominant ovary) showed a turbulent flow during the luteal phase (‘luteal conversion’). The maximal resistance index was lower compared to values obtained during the follicular phase, and from the contralateral ovary. The intraovarian flow velocity waveform from 12 abnormal cycles showed similar quantitative and qualitative changes. When ovulation did not occur (three cases of the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome, three anovulatory cycles), there was no evidence of ‘luteal conversion’ and the velocimetry values were similar throughout the study. Intraovarian Doppler velocimetry makes it possible to distinguish between ovulatory and anovulatory cycles, and provides a non‐invasive diagnosis of the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Prenatal diagnosis of cleft palate: contribution of color Doppler ultrasound
Authors: Aubry M.‐C. , Aubry J.‐P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe antenatal diagnosis of cleft palate by ultrasound can sometimes be difficult by conventional B‐mode imaging, especially when the tongue is in its normal position.We describe two cases which illustrate the value of color Doppler in the antenatal diagnosis of cleft palate. In the first case, at 32 weeks' gestation, there was a large defect with a massive passage of flow extending from the buccal cavity into one of the nasal fossae. In the second case, at 22 weeks' gestation, a parasagittal view demonstrated the fetal tongue to be in the normal position, but there was an abnormal trajectory off low from the buccal cavity into one of the nasal fossae followed by an exit at the level of the cleft. Although a cleft lip was demonstrated on B‐mode imaging, we would not have been able to make the diagnosis of cleft palate without color Doppler.This is the first report describing the contribution of color Doppler to the antenatal diagnosis of cleft palate. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome. The importance of fetal posture in mid‐trimester diagnosis by ultrasound: discussion and case report
Authors: Anthony J. , Mascarenhas L. , O'Brien J. , Battachargee A. K. , Gould S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractLethal multiple pterygium syndrome and its variants provide an opportunity for prenatal diagnosis using mid‐trimester ultrasound examination. The case presented here highlights the importance of postural deformity in reaching a diagnosis and illustrates the importance of full ultrasound examination of the fetus even when the well‐documented common features of a condition are absent. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Outcome of twin gestations following sonographic demonstration of two heart beats in the first trimester
Authors: Benson C. B. , Doubilet P. M. , Laks M. P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe conducted a prospective study to assess pregnancy outcome following a first‐trimester ultrasound examination demonstrating intrauterine twins with heart beats. Our study population included 68 cases of twin gestations in which a first‐trimester scan demonstrated two heart beats. We correlated pregnancy outcome with placentation type, gestational age, maternal age, and method of conception. There were 59 dichorionic and nine monochorionic gestations. Twenty‐six of the dichorionic pregnancies resulted from treatment for infertility. Among all 68 cases, 54 (79%) delivered viable twins, eight (12%) delivered one infant, and six (9%) delivered none. The outcome in dichorionic gestations (83% delivered twins, 12% singletons, 5% none) was significantly better than in monochorionic gestations (56%, 11%, 33%, respectively) (p < 0.05). Among dichorionic twins, pregnancy outcome was worse in twins initially identified on a 6–7.9 week ultrasound examination (74% delivered twins, 21% singletons, 6% none) as compared to those identified at 8–13 weeks (96%, 0%, 4%, respectively) (p < 0.05). The outcome in dichorionic gestations was worse in women over 35 compared to those under 35 (p < 0.05), and those with treatment for infertility compared to those who conceived naturally (p = 0.05). These results provide prognostic information about outcome of twin pregnancies scanned in the first trimester as a function of chorionicity, gestational age, maternal age, and method of conception. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sonographic visualization of the fetal upper airway
Authors: Richards D. S. , Farah L. A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractLaryngeal obstruction is a life‐threatening condition which can sometimes be diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound examination. Dilatation of the fetal trachea is an important finding in these cases. Sonographic studies to evaluate the fetal upper airway were performed in 120 consecutive patients. The diameters of the trachea and pharynx were measured and our ability to visualize the trachea and the larynx was evaluated. The diameter of the trachea increased from a mean of 2.4 mm at 18 weeks to 4.6 mm at 38 weeks. The mean diameter of the pharynx increased from 4.4 mm at 18 weeks to 8.8 mm at 38 weeks. The fetal larynx was adequately visualized in 67%) of the cases, while the entire trachea was seen in 47% of the cases. Our success in visualizing the larynx and trachea was best between 20 and 30 weeks' gestation. This study shows that it is possible to obtain excellent views of the fetal airway in a high percentage of cases and reports the range of normal values for tracheal diameter. Early visualization of a diluted trachea may allow better management of a fetus with laryngeal obstruction. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sonohysterography for distinguishing endometrial thickening from endometrial polyps in postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Cohen J. R. , Luxman D. , Sagi J. , Yovel I. , Wolman I. , David M. P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSonohysterography, or sonographic uterine cavity visualization by uterine cavity distension, may help to distinguish true endometrial thickening from other intracavitary pathological conditions, assuming the same sonographic appearance. We examined 1.5 women with a thickened endometrium (range 10–25 mm) in sonography performed for postmenopausal bleeding. Sonohysterography revealed a polypoid structure in seven women, a normal uterine cavity in four women, and a thickened endometrium in four women. All the women underwent hysteroscopic evaluation of the uterine cavity. Hysteroscopy confirmed the sonohysterographic findings in 14 women (93.3%). Hysteroscopic resection of the polypoid structure was performed while the other patients underwent diagnostic curettage. Histological examination of the seven polypoid structures revealed benign endometrial polyps in six patients, and one pedunculated submucous fibroid. In the patients undergoing diagnostic curettage, histological examination revealed three cases of glandular hyperplasia, one of cystic (atrophic) hyperplasia, and one of papillary endometrial adenocarcinoma. Two cases were inadequate for diagnosis. The advantage of sonohysterography in distinguishing endometrial thickening from intracavitary polyps or fibroids was clearly demonstrated. This technique can help in tailoring the correct treatment in various conditions presenting as postmenopausal bleeding. Copyright © 1994 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Diagnosis of early ectopic pregnancy by measurement of the maternal serum to cul‐de‐sac fluid β‐hCG ratio
Authors: Hinney B. , Bertagnoli C. , Tobler‐Sommer M. , Osmers R. , Wuttke W. , Kuhn W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn patients suspected of having an ectopic pregnancy, because of a positive β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) test and a sonographically undetectable gestational sac, even laparoscopy cannot always achieve a precise diagnosis, when the gestational age is very early. This means that the patient has to be followed by repeated β‐hCG measurements and repeated laparoscopy, which are expensive and inconvenient for the patient. This paper reports on a method that is simple to perform and that will provide the clinician with valuable information about the strong likelihood of a tubal pregnancy when ultrasound and β‐hCG measurements raise the suspicion but are not diagnostic. A prerequisite for this approach is the availability of a minimal volume (1–2 ml) of peritoneal fluid in the pouch of Douglas. A total of 131 patients who had a positive β‐hCG test and an undetectable gestational sac within the uterine cavity and who had a small volume of cul‐de‐sac fluid were studied. The fluid was obtained transvaginally by means of an ultrasound‐guided automatic puncture system. The β‐hCG level was determined in the cul‐de‐sac fluid and in the maternal serum, for comparison. In two cases with tubal pregnancy, concentrated viscous blood samples were aspirated and β‐hCG concentrations could not be measured for technical reasons. In 129 cases, the ratio of levels of β‐hCG between serum and cul‐de‐sac fluid could be measured. In 42 out of 44 patients with intrauterine pregnancy, the ratio was greater than unity; in 82 out of 85 patients with a tubal pregnancy, the ratio was less than unity. With this ratio used for detection of tubal pregnancy, the diagnostic sensitivity of the test was 95.4% and the specificity was 95.2%. The positive predictive value was 97.6% and the negative predictive value 91.3% We conclude from these findings that the measurement of the maternal serum to cul‐de‐sac fluid β‐hCG ratio facilitated the early diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy in the Fallopian tube. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology