bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of a penalty term involving higher order derivatives on the distribution of phases in an elastic medium with a two‐well elastic potential
Authors: Bildhauer M. , Fuchs M. , Osmolovskii V. G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe consider the problem of minimizing

0<p<1, h∈ℝ, σ>0, among functions u:ℝd⊃Ω→ℝd, u∣∂Ω=0, and measurable characteristic functions χ:Ω→ℝ. Here ƒ+h, ƒ−, denote quadratic potentials defined on the space of all symmetric d×d matrices, h is the minimum energy of ƒ+h and ε(u) denotes the symmetric gradient of the displacement field. An equilibrium state û, χˆ, of I [·,·,h, σ] is termed one‐phase if χˆ≡0 or χˆ≡1, two‐phase otherwise. We investigate the way in which the distribution of phases is affected by the choice of the parameters h and σ. Copyright 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of nonlinear effects in subcarrier‐multiplexed fiber‐optic links for CDMA RF signal transmissions
Authors: Yu Jintae , Kim Yongbum , Lee Myungmoon , Lee Kilsung , Park Jinwoo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this letter, we propose an analytic model for performance analyses of the optical subcarrier‐multiplexing (SCM) fiber‐optic link for CDMA RF signal transmission in mobile communication networks. We present optimal operational conditions, taking account of the nonlinear effects of the optical transmission link, and the multiple‐access interference produced at the wireless environment. It is shown through BER analyses in this letter that the selection of an optical modulation index (OMI) of the SCM fiber‐optic links can be found optimally to minimize the fiber‐optic noises and intermodulation distortion due to a laser diode (LD). © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 37–40, 2001.
The CGFFT method with a discontinuous FFT algorithm
Authors: Fan Guo‐Xin , Liu Qing Huo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn the conjugate gradient–fast Fourier transform (CGFFT) method, the FFT is used to evaluate the convolution integrals. When the function to be transformed has discontinuities, the accuracy of the FFT results, and thus the CGFFT results, will degrade. In this letter, an efficient FFT algorithm is developed for discontinuous functions with both uniform and nonuniform sampled data, with O(Np+N log N) complexity, where N is the number of sampling points and p is the interpolation order. The algorithm is incorporated into the CGFFT method. Numerical results for slabs demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the new FFT and CGFFT algorithms. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 47–49, 2001.
Multicentre analysis of anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity in children following treatment according to the nephroblastoma studies SIOP No.9/GPOH and SIOP 93‐01/GPOH*
Authors: Marx M. , Langer T. , Graf N. , Hausdorf G. , Stöhr W. , Ludwig R. , Beck J.D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundTo study cardiac function and the incidence of anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity in children following treatment according to the nephroblastoma studies SIOP No.9/GPOH and SIOP 93‐01/GPOH.ProcedureAnalysis of clinical status, echocardiography, and ECG findings prior to administration of anthracyclines (median cumulative doxorubicin dose: 250 mg/m2 [range: 90–411 mg/m2] and after a median posttherapeutic interval of 2.9 years [range: 0–10.2 years]. Data on cardiac function before and/or after therapy could be obtained of 186 patients.ResultsPosttherapy left ventricular fractional shortening was reduced in 4/157 (2.5%) patients. Out of the 4 children, 2 had clinically reduced tolerance to exercise and received anticongestive therapy. Abnormal ECG findings that were not detectable prior to therapy were found in 7/124 (5.6%) children.ConclusionsThe incidence of abnormal findings is low in our study group in comparison to data from the literature and might be due to the comparably short posttherapeutic interval. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;39:18–24. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic significance of p80 and visceral involvement in childhood CD30 anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL)
Authors: Massimino M. , Spreafico F. , Luksch R. , Giardini R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundBetween 1976 and 1998, CD30+anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) was diagnosed in 44 children (28 males, 16 females, age range 2.7–16.1 years, median 10). Up to 1993, 32 such children were treated according to a common chemotherapeutic protocol that stratified patients according to stage, without considering presenting features. Thereafter, patients presenting with visceral (lung, spleen, liver, gastro‐intestinal tract) or mediastinal involvement were assigned to a high‐risk treatment protocol with induction intensification. The generation of these two risk‐groups was the result of a retrospective analysis of clinical risk factors for therapy failure as previously reported [Massimino M, Gasparini M, Giardini R, Ann Oncol 1995;6:915–920]. Considering the whole cohort of patients divided into group A—21/22 evaluable patients with visceral/mediastinal involvement, and group B—22 evaluable patients, with other ALCL location—disease‐free survival (DFS) and survival (S) at 5 years were 57 and 58% for group A, and 83 and 100% (94% at 6 years) for group B, respectively.ProcedureWe tested 15/21 cases of group A, and 18/22 of group B for p80 immunoreactivity in order to investigate a possible correlation between ALCL locations and NPM‐ALK expression.ResultsThirteen of 15 specimens in group A and 17/18 in group B were positive for p80.ConclusionsIt is impossible to conclude anything about p80 positivity based on a series of 33/44 patients with childhood ALCL, neither about over‐all prognosis nor about the role of visceral involvement. In adults, NPM‐ALK protein expression is a favourable prognostic factor. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001;37:97–102. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
1H and 13C chemical shifts for acridines: Part XVII. (1,3‐Benzothiazol‐2‐yl)amino‐9(10H)‐acridinone derivatives
Authors: Avellaneda A. , Robin M. , Faure R. , Périchaud A. , Galy J.‐P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe 1H and 13C NMR resonances for 16 acridin‐9(10H)‐ones substituted with amino or (1,3‐benzothiazol‐2‐yl)amino groups were completely and unequivocally assigned by the concerted application of gs‐COSY, gs‐HMQC and gs‐HMBC experiments. Evidence for hydrogen bond and amino–imino tautomerism is presented for 1‐ and 4‐substituted acridin‐9(10H)‐ones. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide MION as a contrast agent for sodium MRI in myocardial infarction
Authors: Constantinides Chris D. , Rogers J. , Herzka D.A. , Boada F.E. , Bolar D. , Kraitchman D. , Gillen J. , Bottomley P.A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn intravascular iron‐based contrast agent was used as a sodium (23Na) MRI T2 relaxant in an effort to suppress the blood signal from the ventricular cavities in normal and infarcted canine myocardium in vivo. 23Na MRI signal decreases in blood were attributed to decreases in the fast (T2f) and slow (T2s) transverse relaxation components, which were quantified as a function of dose and MRI echo time (TE). In vivo 23Na MRI signal decreases up to 65% were noted in ventricular blood when imaging under dose and TE conditions of 10 mg/kg body weight and 5 ms, respectively. Contrast injection followed by subsequent 23Na MRI in canine myocardial infarction led to a clear delineation of the location of the injured tissue, as identified by postmortem triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, and to an improvement in the contrast‐to‐noise ratio between the blood in the ventricular chamber and the infarcted tissue that was as high as 3.3‐fold in the postcontrast images in comparison to the precontrast images. Magn Reson Med 46:1164–1168, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Receptors for NGF and GDNF are highly expressed in human peripheral nerve neuroma
Authors: Harpf Christoph , Dabernig Jörg , Humpel Christian 
Published: August 2002

AbstractImmunhistochemistry of 10 traumatic human peripheral nerve neuromas and 5 normal digital nerves revealed a high immunoreactivity for the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors p75 and trkA and the glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor GFRα‐1. Semiquantitative image analysis showed a significantly increased trkA immunoreactivity in the neuroma group. The presence of the receptors may provide a way to influence therapy of peripheral nerve neuroma by administration of neurotrophins or other substances with binding sites similar to those of a neurotrophic factor. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 000–000, 2002
Temporal effects of inactivty on myosin heavy chain gene expression in rat slow muscle
Authors: Huey Kimberly A. , Roy Roland R. , Baldwin Kenneth M. , Edgerton V. Reggie 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMyosin heavy chain (MHC) mRNA and protein profiles in adult rat soleus and adductor longus were determined after 4, 8, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days of spinal cord isolation (SI). SI results in complete neuromuscular inactivity while leaving the motoneuron–muscle fiber connections intact. From 15 to 90 days, type I MHC mRNA was significantly decreased, whereas type I MHC protein did not significantly decrease until 30 and 60 days in the soleus and adductor longus, respectively. However, in both muscles, slow MHC downregulation was offset by significant upregulation of the faster MHC isoforms, primarily IIx. From 60 to 90 days, type I MHC was almost completely replaced with faster isoforms at the mRNA and protein levels. Thus, chronic inactivity and unloading of slow rat hindlimb muscles shifted the MHC profile from predominately type I to type IIx MHC mRNA and protein. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 24: 517–526, 2001
Modulation of H reflex of pretibial and soleus muscles during mastication in humans
Authors: Takahashi Toshiyuki , Ueno Toshiaki , Taniguchi Hisashi , Ohyama Takashi , Nakamura Yoshio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA previous study in our laboratory demonstrated that the soleus H reflex was facilitated during mastication in humans. In the present study, we investigated whether there was any modulation of the magnitude of the pretibial H reflex during mastication in five healthy adult volunteers. The pretibial H reflex was significantly facilitated during mastication, and there was no significant difference in the facilitation between jaw‐closing and jaw‐opening phases; that is, the gain of the H reflex was modulated tonically but not in a phase‐dependent manner during mastication. Furthermore, in the same subjects, we confirmed that the soleus H reflex was facilitated during mastication. Based on our findings, we conclude that the H reflexes in both the pretibial and soleus muscles undergo a nonreciprocal facilitation during mastication. It is suggested that mastication contributes to stabilization of postural stance in humans. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 24: 1142–1148, 2001
Inventory control under substitutable demand: A stochastic game application
Authors: Avsar Zeynep Müge , Baykal‐Gürsoy Melike 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSubstitutable product inventory problem is analyzed using the concepts of stochastic game theory. It is assumed that there are two substitutable products that are sold by different retailers and the demand for each product is random. Game theoretic nature of this problem is the result of substitution between products. Since retailers compete for the substitutable demand, ordering decision of each retailer depends on the ordering decision of the other retailer. Under the discounted payoff criterion, this problem is formulated as a two‐person nonzero‐sum stochastic game. In the case of linear ordering cost, it is shown that there exists a Nash equilibrium characterized by a pair of stationary base stock strategies for the infinite horizon problem. This is the unique Nash equilibrium within the class of stationary base stock strategies. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 359–375, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10018
Peripheral somatosensory fMRI in mouse at 11.7 T
Authors: Ahrens Eric T. , Dubowitz David J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe feasibility of performing extremely‐high resolution somatosensory fMRI in anesthetized mice using BOLD contrast at 11.7 T was investigated. A somatosensory stimulus was applied to the hindlimb of an α‐chlorolose anesthetized mouse resulting in robust (p < 4 × 10−3) BOLD changes in somatosensory cortex and large veins. Percentage modulation of the MR signal in cortex exceeded 7%. Experiments that artificially modulated the inspired oxygen tension were also conducted; the results revealed large, heterogeneous, BOLD contrast changes in the mouse brain. In addition, T1, T2, and T2* values in gray matter at 11.7 T were evaluated. Discussion of the sensitivity limitations of BOLD fMRI in the tiny mouse central nervous system is presented. These methods show promise for the assessment of neurological function in mouse models of CNS injury and disease. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Blended kernel approximation in the ℋ︁‐matrix techniques
Authors: Hackbusch W. , Khoromskij B. N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSeveral types of ℋ︁‐matrices were shown to provide a data‐sparse approximation of non‐local (integral) operators in FEM and BEM applications. The general construction is applied to the operators with asymptotically smooth kernel function provided that the Galerkin ansatz space has a hierarchical structure.The new class of ℋ︁‐matrices is based on the so‐called blended FE and polynomial approximations of the kernel function and leads to matrix blocks with a tensor‐product of block‐Toeplitz (block‐circulant) and rank‐k matrices. This requires the translation (rotation) invariance of the kernel combined with the corresponding tensor‐product grids. The approach allows for the fast evaluation of volume/boundary integral operators with possibly non‐smooth kernels defined on canonical domains/manifolds in the FEM/BEM applications. (Here and in the following, we call domains canonical if they are obtained by translation or rotation of one of their parts, e.g. parallelepiped, cylinder, sphere, etc.) In particular, we provide the error and complexity analysis for blended expansions to the Helmholtz kernel. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finite element analysis for optimal design of foundations due to dynamic loading
Authors: Valliappan S. , Hakam A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper discusses the optimal design of foundations subjected to dynamic loading, using the finite element method to determine the responses of the system. A three‐dimensional finite element programme for dynamic analysis in time domain has been developed using Newmark's integration scheme for the discretization in time domain. In order to consider the infinite extent of the foundation domain, unified boundary condition has been adopted. Only linear material behaviour is included at present. The design variables are the dimensions of the foundation while the constraints are amplitudes, acceleration, velocities and frequencies of the system. The results of the numerical examples show that the foundations subjected to dynamic loading can be designed both economically and effectively using the proposed method. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constitutive relation errors for F.E. analysis considering (visco‐) plasticity and damage
Authors: Ladevèze Pierre 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA posteriori error estimators based on constitutive relation residuals are developed to measure the quality of finite element computations of structures which exhibit plastic/viscoplastic behaviour with softening. All the classical error sources involved in the computation over the studied time interval are taken into account: the space discretization (the mesh), the time discretization and the iterative technique used to solve the non‐linear discrete problem. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fourth‐order approximation for the three space dimensional certain mildly quasi‐linear hyperbolic equation
Authors: Mohanty R. K. , Arora Urvashi , Jain M. K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn 1995, Mohanty et al. [1] proposed a fourth‐order finite difference scheme for the numerical solution of a three space dimensional singular hyperbolic equation and discussed an operator splitting method for a linear equation having first‐order space derivative terms. In this article, we extend our strategy for the difference solution of a three space dimensional quasi‐linear hyperbolic equation. Fourth‐order approximation at the first‐time level for a more general case is also proposed. Linear stability analysis and an operator splitting technique for a linear hyperbolic equation having a first‐order time derivative term are discussed. Numerical results are given to illustrate the accuracy of the proposed methods. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 17: 277–289, 2001
The role of nonprofit associations in combating social exclusion in France
Authors: Warin Philippe 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAssociations are increasingly participating in matters concerning social policies in France. The fight against the problems of social exclusion and the development of a social urgency field offer many opportunities for partnerships between the associative/nonprofit and public actors. Associations are invited to implement policies, with or sometimes instead of government administrations. At the same time, many strong associative networks intervene directly as experts supporting the ministerial cabinets that coordinate policy formulation. From this point of view, individual and contractual relations play an important role. Today, all the main social reforms in France are, in large part, founded on analyses and ideas provided by associative actors. Beyond the reinforcement of associations, and despite the fact they are simultaneously partners and interest groups, different associative leaders are working with some administrative and political actors to develop a new foundation for joint action between the government and nonprofit sectors. Under the guise of recent laws which normalize the position of the associations, this coalition is seeking to transform the national public accountancy in order to acknowledge the activities and riches produced by the nonprofit sector. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fractal dimension of trabecular bone: comparison of three histomorphometric computed techniques for measuring the architectural two‐dimensional complexity
Authors: Chappard Daniel , Legrand Erick , Haettich Bénédicte , Chalès Gérard , Auvinet Bernard , Eschard Jean‐Paul , Hamelin Jean‐Pierre , Baslé Michel‐Félix , Audran Maurice 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTrabecular bone has been reported as having two‐dimensional (2‐D) fractal characteristics at the histological level, a finding correlated with biomechanical properties. However, several fractal dimensions (D) are known and computational ways to obtain them vary considerably. This study compared three algorithms on the same series of bone biopsies, to obtain the Kolmogorov, Minkowski–Bouligand, and mass‐radius fractal dimensions. The relationships with histomorphometric descriptors of the 2‐D trabecular architecture were investigated. Bone biopsies were obtained from 148 osteoporotic male patients. Bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular characteristics (Tb.N, Tb.Sp, Tb.Th), strut analysis, star volumes (marrow spaces and trabeculae), inter‐connectivity index, and Euler–Poincaré number were computed. The box‐counting method was used to obtain the Kolmogorov dimension (Dk), the dilatation method for the Minkowski–Bouligand dimension (DMB), and the sandbox for the mass‐radius dimension (DMR) and lacunarity (L). Logarithmic relationships were observed between BV/TV and the fractal dimensions. The best correlation was obtained with DMR and the lowest with DMB. Lacunarity was correlated with descriptors of the marrow cavities (ICI, star volume, Tb.Sp). Linear relationships were observed among the three fractal techniques which appeared highly correlated. A cluster analysis of all histomorphometric parameters provided a tree with three groups of descriptors: for trabeculae (Tb.Th, strut); for marrow cavities (Euler, ICI, Tb.Sp, star volume, L); and for the complexity of the network (Tb.N and the three D's). A sole fractal dimension cannot be used instead of the classic 2‐D descriptors of architecture; D rather reflects the complexity of branching trabeculae. Computation time is also an important determinant when choosing one of these methods. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Myomectomy during the first trimester associated with fetal limb anomalies and hydrocephalus in a twin pregnancy
Authors: Danzer E. , Holzgreve W. , Batukan C. , Miny P. , Tercanli S. , Hoesli I. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectivesTo present the complications of a twin pregnancy after first trimester myomectomy and to discuss the possible etiologic relationship.Case reportA 44‐year‐old primigravida with a dichorionic‐diamniotic twin pregnancy underwent myomectomy in another hospital at 12 weeks' gestational age. At 28 weeks the patient was referred to our unit because of ventriculomegaly and limb anomalies in the second twin. The patient underwent a Caesarean section at 37 weeks of gestation delivering twin A, a healthy female weighing 3235 g and twin B, a female weighing 2810 g with hydrocephalus and limb anomalies (clubfeet and hypoplasia of the nails and terminal phalanges). The placenta from twin A was normal, but in the placenta of twin B haemorrhage, thrombosis and infarction were noted.ConclusionsDespite several reports of myomectomy in pregnancy without any problems for mother and fetus, the authors believe that myomectomy – especially in the first trimester – may be associated with the type of problems observed in the present case. The pathophysiological relationship between placental trauma and haemodynamic alterations as a possible cause of the malformations in twin B is discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raised maternal serum placenta growth factor concentration during the second trimester is associated with Down syndrome
Authors: Su Y. N. , Hsu J. J. , Lee C. N. , Cheng W. F. , Kung C. C. S. , Hsieh F. J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractObjectivesTo compare early second‐trimester maternal serum placenta growth factor concentrations in Down syndrome pregnancies and those in normal pregnancies.MethodsA case–control study was performed to evaluate the maternal serum placenta growth factor concentrations in 36 Down syndrome and 320 normal pregnancies with matched gestational age during the second trimester. For the detection of serum concentrations of placenta growth factor, a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique (R & D Systems Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA) was performed.ResultsUsing a multiple linear regression model, maternal serum placenta growth factor level was associated with gestational age (p<0.001) and the existence of Down syndrome pregnancy (p<0.001). After converting maternal serum placenta growth factor concentrations of each analyte to multiples of the appropriate gestational median (MoM), placenta growth factor MoM (p<0.001) was revealed to be an independent variable for Down syndrome pregnancies after adjusting for the effects of maternal age (p<0.001), free β‐hCG (p<0.001) and AFP (p=0.014) by multivariate logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsMaternal serum placenta growth factor concentration was elevated in Down syndrome pregnancies during the early second trimester. Placenta growth factor might be a novel marker for maternal serum Down syndrome screening. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.