bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sarbecovirus disease susceptibility is conserved across viral and host models
Authors: Leist Sarah R. , Schäfer Alexandra , Risemberg Ellen L , Bell Timothy A. , Hock Pablo , Zweigart Mark R. , Linnertz Colton L. , Miller Darla R. , Shaw Ginger D. , Manuel de Villena Fernando Pardo , Ferris Martin T. , Valdar William , Baric Ralph S. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTCoronaviruses have caused three severe epidemics since the start of the 21stcentury: SARS, MERS and COVID-19. The severity of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and increasing likelihood of future coronavirus outbreaks motivates greater understanding of factors leading to severe coronavirus disease. We screened ten strains from the Collaborative Cross mouse genetic reference panel and identified strains CC006/TauUnc (CC006) and CC044/Unc (CC044) as coronavirus-susceptible and resistant, respectively, as indicated by variable weight loss and lung congestion scores four days post-infection. We generated a genetic mapping population of 755 CC006xCC044 F2 mice and exposed the mice to one of three genetically distinct mouse-adapted coronaviruses: clade 1a SARS-CoV MA15 (n=391), clade 1b SARS-CoV-2 MA10 (n=274), and clade 2 HKU3-CoV MA (n=90). Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping in SARS-CoV- and SARS-CoV-2-infected F2 mice identified genetic loci associated with disease severity. Specifically, we identified seven loci associated with variation in outcome following infection with either virus, including one,HrS45, that is present in both groups. Three of these QTL, includingHrS45, were also associated with HKU3-CoV MA outcome.HrS45overlaps with a QTL previously reported by our lab that is associated with SARS-CoV outcome in CC011xCC074 F2 mice and is also syntenic with a human chromosomal region associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in humans GWAS. The results reported here provide: (a) additional support for the involvement of this locus in SARS-CoV MA15 infection, (b) the first conclusive evidence that this locus is associated with susceptibility across theSarbecovirussubgenus, and (c) demonstration of the relevance of mouse models in the study of coronavirus disease susceptibility in humans.
Genetically predicted smoking behaviors on Graves’ disease: A two-sample mendelian randomization
Authors: Akbarzadeh Mahdi , Pourganji Maryam , Tabashiri Arefeh , Fateh Sahand Tehrani , Salarabedi Mahdi , Habibi Danial , Moeinafshar Aysan , Saeidian Amir Hossein , Ghanooni Amir Hossein , Riahi Parisa , Zarkesh Maryam , Hakonarson Hakon , Valizadeh Majid , Azizi Fereidoun , Hedayati Mehdi , Daneshpour Maryam Sadat 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground/AimThe potential link between smoking and the susceptibility to Graves’ disease (GD) has been scrutinized in observational studies, yielding inconsistent results. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to ascertain the causal relationship between smoking behaviors and the risk of GD.MethodThe data on smoking behaviors, including smoking initiation and lifetime smoking, were obtained from the published GWAS of individuals of European descent who participated in the GSCAN consortium. The genetic variants associated with Graves’ disease were identified using a GWAS of 458,620 participants of European descent from the UK Biobank.ResultsOur results show that smoking initiation was associated with GD [OR= 1.50, 95% CI (1.03,2.18), SE□=□0.199, Pbeta□=□0.031; Cochran’s Q=36.62, p=0.999, I2=0.0%; MR–Eggerintercept= 0.003, p= 0.879], and lifetime smoking [OR□=□3.42, 95% CI (1.56, 7.50), SE□=□0.39, Pbeta<0.01; Cochran’s Q=62.68, p=0.99, I2=0.0%; Eggerintercept=0.012, p=0.49]. All other MR methods, as well as sensitivity analysis results, were consistent in terms of betas and significance levels.ConclusionOur findings lend support to a causal relationship between smoking behaviors and the risk of Graves’ disease. These observations raise important questions about the role of smoking in the progression of GD. So, further investigation is clinically necessary to clarify the links between smoking and GD, which could inform health policy decisions aimed at reducing the risk of GD.
Evaluating equitable care in the ICU: Creating a causal inference framework to assess the impact of life-sustaining interventions across racial and ethnic groups
Authors: Struja Tristan , Matos João , Lam Barbara , Cao Yiren , Liu Xiaoli , Jia Yugang , Sauer Christopher M. , D’Couto Helen , Dankwa-Mullan Irene , Celi Leo Anthony , Waschka Andre Kurepa 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundVariability in the provision of intensive care unit (ICU)-interventions may lead to disparities between socially defined racial-ethnic groups.Research QuestionWe used causal inference to examine the use of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), renal replacement therapy (RRT), and vasopressor agents (VP) to identify disparities in outcomes across race-ethnicity in patients with sepsis.Study Design and MethodsSingle-center, academic referral hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Retrospective analysis of treatment effect with a targeted trial design categorized by treatment assignment within the first 24 hours in the MIMIC-IV dataset (2008- 2019) using targeted maximum likelihood estimation. Of 76,943 ICU stays in MIMIC-IV, 32,971 adult stays fulfilling sepsis-3 criteria were included. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were hospital-free days, and occurrence of nosocomial infection stratified by predicted mortality probability ranges and self-reported race-ethnicity. Average treatment effects by treatment type and race-ethnicity, Racial-ethnic group (REG) or White group (WG), were estimated.ResultsOf 19,419 admissions that met inclusion criteria, median age was 68 years, 57.4% were women, 82% were White, and mortality was 18.2%. There was no difference in mortality benefit associated with the administration of IMV, RRT, or VP between the REG and the WG. There was also no difference in hospital-free days or nosocomial infections. These findings are unchanged with different eligibility periods.InterpretationThere were no differences in the treatment outcomes from three life-sustaining interventions in the ICU according to race-ethnicity. While there was no discernable harm from the treatments across mortality risk, there was also no measurable benefit. These findings highlight the need for research to understand better the risk-benefit of life-sustaining interventions in the ICU.
Micronutrient deficiency among pregnant adolescents in South Asia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Akombi-Inyang Blessing , Dhami Mansi , Byaruhanga Judith , Lassi Zohra S. , Agho Kingsley 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesMicronutrient deficiency is an important global health concern with great impact on growth and development outcomes, which may lead to substantial losses in overall productivity and potential. The burden of micronutrient deficiency negatively impacts the health of vulnerable groups, including pregnant adolescents. Hence, this study will systematically review the available evidence on micronutrient deficiency among pregnant adolescents in South Asia.MethodsThis systematic review adhered to the 2015 Preferred Re-porting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A combination of selected keywords was used to search 8 computerized biblio-graphic databases: Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, PUBMED, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Web of Science. Potential studies were imported into an Endnote library and screened for eligibility using pre-determined criteria. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) checklist.ResultThere is a dearth of studies on micronutrient deficiency among pregnant adolescents in South Asia. Of a total of 616 studies, five studies met the inclusion criteria. The factors associated with micronutrient deficiency among pregnant adolescents in South Asia were food (in)security, intake of dairy products, low maternal knowledge, and inadequate food intake.ConclusionOur review suggested that lack of awareness and knowledge of adequate micronutrient intake and household food insecurity were associated with micronutrient deficiency among pregnant adolescents. Hence, interventions targeting pregnant adolescents are needed in South Asia and such interventions could include cash transfers integrated with nutrition and health interventions.
Assessment of Model Estimated and Directly Observed Weather Data for Etiological Prediction of Diarrhea
Authors: Brintz Ben J. , Colston Josh M. , Ahmed Sharia M. , Chao Dennis L. , Zaitschik Ben , Leung Daniel T. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryRecent advances in clinical prediction for diarrheal etiology in low- and middle-income countries have revealed that addition of weather data improves predictive performance. However, the optimal source of weather data remains unclear. We aim to compare model estimated satellite- and ground-based observational data with weather station directly-observed data for diarrheal prediction. We used clinical and etiological data from a large multi-center study of children with diarrhea to compare these methods. We show that the two sources of weather conditions perform similarly in most locations. We conclude that while model estimated data is a viable, scalable tool for public health interventions and disease prediction, directly observed weather station data approximates the modeled data, and given its ease of access, is likely adequate for prediction of diarrheal etiology in children in low- and middle-income countries.
Disturbed sleep after lung transplantation is associated with worse patient-reported outcomes and chronic lung allograft dysfunction
Authors: Prather Aric A. , Gao Ying , Betancourt Legna , Kordahl Rose C , Sriram Anya , Huang Chiung-Yu , Hays Steven R , Kukreja Jasleen , Calabrese Daniel R. , Venado Aida , Kapse Bhavya , Greenland John R , Singer Jonathan P 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany lung transplant recipients fail to derive the expected improvements in functioning, HRQL, or long-term survival. Sleep may represent an important, albeit rarely examined, factor influencing lung transplant outcomes.Within a larger cohort study, 141 lung transplant recipients completed the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Sleep Scale along with a broader survey of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures and frailty assessment. MOS Sleep yields the Sleep Problems Index (SPI); we also derived an insomnia-specific subscale. Potential perioperative predictors of disturbed sleep and time to chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and death were derived from medical records. We investigated associations between perioperative predictors on SPI and Insomnia and associations between SPI and Insomnia on PROs and frailty by linear regressions, adjusting for age, sex, and lung function. We evaluated the associations between SPI and Insomnia on time to CLAD and death using Cox models, adjusting for age, sex, and transplant indication.Post-transplant hospital length of stay >30 days was associated with worse sleep by SPI and insomnia (SPI: p=0.01; Insomnia p=0.02). Worse sleep by SPI and insomnia was associated with worse depression, cognitive function, HRQL, physical disability, health utilities, and Fried Frailty Phenotype frailty (all p<0.01). Those in the worst quartile of SPI and insomnia exhibited increased risk of CLAD (HR 2.18; 95%CI: 1.22—3.89; p=0.01 for SPI and HR 1.96; 95%CI 1.09—3.53; p=0.03 for insomnia). Worsening in SPI but not insomnia was also associated with mortality (HR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.05—1.58; p=0.01).Poor sleep after lung transplant may be a novel predictor of patient reported outcomes, frailty, CLAD, and death with potentially important screening and treatment implications.
Rapid enzymatic detection of Shigatoxin-producingE. coliusing fluorescence-labeled oligonucleotide substrates
Authors: Ramming Isabell , Lang Christina , Hauf Samuel , Krüger Maren , Worbs Sylvia , Peukert Carsten , Fruth Angelika , Dorner Brigitte G. , Brönstrup Mark , Flieger Antje 
Published: October 2023

AbstractShigatoxin-producingE. coli(STEC) are important human pathogens causing disease ranging from diarrhea to severe hemolytic uremic syndrome. As STEC are transmitted via animals, food, and water, and may produce large outbreaks, their timely and qualified detection including isolate recovery is of high importance, but challenging and labor-intense. Thus, the availability of an easy-to-perform rapid test would be a tremendous advance. Since the common feature and major virulence factor of otherwise multifaceted STEC is the Shiga toxin (Stx), we developed a detection method for Stx, specifically for its catalytic RNA-N-glycosidase activity targeting the Sarcin Ricin Loop (SRL) of 28S ribosomal RNA. To this end, synthetic ssDNA substrates mimicking the SRL were designed and linked to a fluorophore and quencher pair, which conferred a fluorescence signal after cleavage by Stx. Optimal results using bacterial culture supernatants or single colonies were achieved for substrateStxSense 4following 30 to 60 minutes incubation. Importantly, different Stx1 and Stx2 subtypes, diverse STEC serotypes, andShigellawere detected. In conclusion, the assay offers rapid and facile detection of STEC based on a real-time readout for Stx activity. Therefore, it may improve STEC risk evaluation, therapy decisions, outbreak and source detection, and simplify research for antimicrobials.
Modeling the impact of prioritizing first or second vaccine doses during the 2022 mpox outbreak
Authors: Clay Patrick A. , Pollock Emily D. , Saldarriaga Enrique M. , Pathela Preeti , Macaraig Michelle , Zucker Jane R. , Crouch Bindy , Kracalik Ian , Aral Sevgi O. , Spicknall Ian H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly in the 2022 mpox outbreak, vaccine doses and administrative capacity were limited. The US recommendation was to administer two doses of the JYNNEOS® vaccine 4 weeks apart. However, because of the limited vaccine supply and high demand, New York City (NYC) prioritized administration of first doses to reach a larger portion of the impacted population as quickly as possible. We estimated mpox cases averted compared to strategies that prioritized 2-dose vaccination for a smaller portion of the population.MethodsWe fit a dynamic network transmission model to incident mpox cases reported by NYC, as well as to first and second vaccine doses administered from May 2022 through March 2023. Model output consisted of predicted cases over time when vaccine doses were administered with the ‘first-dose priority’ strategy, compared with counterfactual simulations where individuals were either pre-allocated full courses of the vaccine (‘second-dose priority’ strategy), or not pre-allocated doses, but where doses were administered to those eligible for a second dose ahead of those waiting for a first dose (‘intermediate’ strategy).ResultsWe estimate that NYC’s ‘first-dose priority’ strategy averted 81% [IQR:75%–86] of potential mpox cases. Their ‘first-dose priority’ strategy was more effective than alternatives, averting 3.0% [IQR:1.2%–4.5%] more cases than the ‘intermediate’ strategy, and 9.5% [IQR:7.7%–12%] more cases than the ‘second-dose priority’ strategy.ConclusionsA focus on widespread, 1 dose vaccination during future mpox outbreaks can reduce cases and limit transmission in scenarios of limited vaccine supply, limited vaccine administration capacity, or increased demand.
Native, addict, innovator: young teachers' digital competence in the post-COVID-19 instructional era
Authors: Jogezai Nazir Ahmed , Baloch Fozia Ahmed 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to posing challenges, has also created opportunities for greater digital integration than ever. However, the scale and efficacy of digital integration are contingent on the digital competence (DC) of teachers. In the same way, how well teachers learn and teach online may depend on how willing they are to try new ways of digitizing learning or being innovative. This study aimed to ascertain if teachers' digital nativeness, digital addiction and innovative work behavior had an impact on their DC.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a quantitative research method, whereby data were collected from 276 schools, colleges and university teachers. The researchers employed structural equation modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS to analyze the data.FindingsThe results illuminate the literature regarding DC and the predictive capability of teachers' digital nativeness, digital addiction and innovative work behavior, which can contribute to paving the way for digitizing teaching and learning in the post-COVID-19 era.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has significant implications for meaningful learner engagement by explaining the importance of teachers' digital competencies and how they could be approached conceptually to better understand the factors associated with teachers' DC. The differences in DC between digital natives and digital emigrants remain one of the limitations that future research may address.Practical implicationsThe results have policy level and practical implications for organizations to consider the value of young teachers in the integration of digital resources. It is also critical to encourage teachers' innovative behavior in the digitization of teaching by creating a supportive organizational environment.Originality/valueThe study remains valuable in the post-COVID-19 era, where educational institutes are revisiting the prospect of online learning as a parallel to in-person teaching. The results remain innovative and genuine and have not been explored in previous research, in particular in the post-COVID-19 era. The involvement of teachers from schools, colleges and universities makes the results more general, which all of them can equally benefit from.
Promoting shared leadership in Lean Six Sigma project teams: toward a three-way interaction model
Authors: Wu Qiong , Zhou Qiwei , Cormican Kathryn 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
Shared leadership is an effective mechanism for managing project teams. Its performance-enhancing benefits have been demonstrated in many studies. Nonetheless, there is an obvious silence about how to promote shared leadership in Lean Six Sigma (LSS) project teams. To address this deficit, the purposes of this study are to investigate the influence of shared leadership on LSS project success and to explore how team psychological safety, project task complexity and project task interdependence influence shared leadership.

Design/methodology/approach
A multi-source, time-lagged survey design with a four-month interval was conducted. To do this, the authors collected data from 71 project teams (comprising 71 project managers and 352 project members) using LSS approaches in the manufacturing and service industries.

Findings
The findings show that shared leadership positively influences LSS project success. The authors also found that team psychological safety fosters the development of shared leadership and, more importantly, these effects are stronger when the tasks are more complex and more interdependent.

Practical implications
These findings advance our understanding of the factors that enable shared leadership and equip LSS project managers with practical techniques to improve shared leadership for the success of their projects.

Originality/value
This study extends the theory of shared leadership to the context of LSS project management and is among the first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to theoretically propose and empirically validate how to promote shared leadership in LSS project teams.
Does central bank credibility from professional forecasters and consumers affect the interest rate and its expectations?
Authors: de Mendonça Helder Ferreira , de Lima Cristiane Nascimento 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to contribute to the analysis concerning how inflation forecasts from different economic agents (professional forecasters and consumers) lead to varying levels of central bank credibility and how it affects the monetary policy interest rate and its expectations.Design/methodology/approachBased on the Brazilian economy data from June 2007 to May 2022, the authors provide evidence that is useful for search mechanisms that improve the conduct of monetary policy through the management of inflation expectations. The authors perform several ordinary least squares and generalized method of moments regressions inspired by the Taylor rule principle. In brief, the benchmark model considers that the monetary policy interest rate and its expectations respond to departures of inflation expectations to the target (a proxy for central bank credibility) and the level of economic activity.FindingsThe main result of the analysis is that inflation expectations from professional forecasters and consumers imply different perceptions of central bank credibility that affect the monetary policy interest rate and expectations for horizons until one year ahead.Originality/valueThe novelty that the authors bring from the analysis is that the authors calculate central bank credibility by taking into account the “public beliefs” of different economic agents. Furthermore, the authors analyze the effect of central bank credibility from professional forecasters and consumers on the monetary policy interest rate and its expectations.
Modelling thermal sensitivity in the full phenological distribution: A new approach applied to the spring arboreal caterpillar peak
Authors: Macphie Kirsty H. , Samplonius Jelmer M. , Pick Joel L. , Hadfield Jarrod D. , Phillimore Albert B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Advances in spring phenology are among the clearest biological responses to climate warming. There has been much interest in how climate impacts on phenology because the timings of key events have implications for species interactions, nutrient cycling and ecosystem services. To date most work has focused on only one aspect of population phenology, the effects of temperature on the average timing. In comparison, effects of temperature on the abundance of individuals and their seasonal spread are understudied, despite their potential to have profound impacts on species interactions.

Here we develop a new method that directly estimates the effect of spring temperatures on the timing, height and width of the phenological distribution and apply it to temperate forest caterpillars, a guild that has been the focus of much research on phenology and trophic mismatch.

We find that warmer spring conditions advance the timing of the phenological distribution of abundance by −4.96 days °C−1 and increase its height by 34% °C−1 but have no significant effect on the duration of the distribution. An increase in the maximum density of arboreal caterpillars with rising temperatures has implications for understanding climate impacts on forest food chains, both in terms of herbivory pressure and the resources available to secondary consumers.

The new method we have developed allows the thermal sensitivity in the full phenological distribution to be modelled directly from raw data, providing a flexible approach that has broad applicability within global change research.

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