bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The intrinsically disordered transcriptional activation domain of CIITA is functionally tuneable by single substitutions: An exception or a new paradigm?
Authors: Sreenivasan Shwetha , Heffren Paul , Suh Kyung‐Shin , Rodnin Mykola V. , Kosa Edina , Fenton Aron W. , Ladokhin Alexey S. , Smith Paul E. , Fontes Joseph D. , Swint‐Kruse Liskin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDuring protein evolution, some amino acid substitutions modulate protein function (“tuneability”). In most proteins, the tuneable range is wide and can be sampled by a set of protein variants that each contains multiple amino acid substitutions. In other proteins, the full tuneable range can be accessed by a set of variants that each contains a single substitution. Indeed, in some globular proteins, the full tuneable range can be accessed by the set of site‐saturating substitutions at an individual “rheostat” position. However, in proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), most functional studies—which would also detect tuneability—used multiple substitutions or small deletions. In disordered transcriptional activation domains (ADs), studies with multiple substitutions led to the “acidic exposure” model, which does not anticipate the existence of rheostat positions. In the few studies that did assess effects of single substitutions on AD function, results were mixed: the ADs of two full‐length transcription factors did not show tuneability, whereas a fragment of a third AD was tuneable by single substitutions. In this study, we tested tuneability in the AD of full‐length human class II transactivator (CIITA). Sequence analyses and experiments showed that CIITA's AD is an IDR. Functional assays of singly‐substituted AD variants showed that CIITA's function was highly tuneable, with outcomes not predicted by the acidic exposure model. Four tested positions showed rheostat behavior for transcriptional activation. Thus, tuneability of different IDRs can vary widely. Future studies are needed to illuminate the biophysical features that govern whether an IDR is tuneable by single substitutions.
Microglial roles in Alzheimer's disease: An agent‐based model to elucidate microglial spatiotemporal response to beta‐amyloid
Authors: Weathered Catherine , Bardehle Sophia , Yoon Choya , Kumar Niyanta , Leyns Cheryl E. G. , Kennedy Matthew E. , Bloomingdale Peter , Pienaar Elsje 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by beta‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques in the brain and widespread neuronal damage. Because of the high drug attrition rates in AD, there is increased interest in characterizing neuroimmune responses to Aβ plaques. In response to AD pathology, microglia are innate phagocytotic immune cells that transition into a neuroprotective state and form barriers around plaques. We seek to understand the role of microglia in modifying Aβ dynamics and barrier formation. To quantify the influence of individual microglia behaviors (activation, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and proliferation) on plaque size and barrier coverage, we developed an agent‐based model to characterize the spatiotemporal interactions between microglia and Aβ. Our model qualitatively reproduces mouse data trends where the fraction of microglia coverage decreases as plaques become larger. In our model, the time to microglial arrival at the plaque boundary is significantly negatively correlated (p < 0.0001) with plaque size, indicating the importance of the time to microglial activation for regulating plaque size. In addition, in silico behavioral knockout simulations show that phagocytosis knockouts have the strongest impact on plaque size, but modest impacts on microglial coverage and activation. In contrast, the chemotaxis knockouts had a strong impact on microglial coverage with a more modest impact on plaque volume and microglial activation. These simulations suggest that phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and replication of activated microglia have complex impacts on plaque volume and coverage, whereas microglial activation remains fairly robust to perturbations of these functions. Thus, our work provides insights into the potential and limitations of targeting microglial activation as a pharmacological strategy for the treatment of AD.
Connective tissue disease‐associated pulmonary hypertension: A comprehensive review
Authors: Khangoora Vikramjit , Bernstein Elana J. , King Christopher S. , Shlobin Oksana A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConnective tissue diseases (CTDs) can be associated with various forms of pulmonary hypertension, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), pulmonary veno‐occlusive disease, pulmonary venous hypertension, interstitial lung disease‐associated pulmonary hypertension, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, and sometimes a combination of several processes. The prevalence of PAH varies among the different CTDs, with systemic sclerosis (SSc) having the highest at 8%–12%. The most recent European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society guidelines recommend routine annual screening for PAH in SSc and CTDs with SSc features. As CTDs can be associated with a myriad of presentations of pulmonary hypertension, a thorough evaluation to include a right heart catheterization to clearly delineate the hemodynamic profile is essential in developing an appropriate treatment plan. Treatment strategies will depend on the predominant phenotype of pulmonary vasculopathy. In general, management approach to CTD‐PAH mirrors that of idiopathic PAH. Despite this, outcomes of CTD‐PAH are inferior to those of idiopathic PAH, with those of SSc‐PAH being particularly poor. Reasons for this may include extrapulmonary manifestations of CTDs, including renal disease and gastrointestinal involvement, concurrent interstitial lung disease, and differences in the innate response of the right ventricle to increased pulmonary vascular resistance. Early referral for lung transplant evaluation of patients with CTD‐PAH, particularly SSc‐PAH, is recommended. It is hoped that in the near future, additional therapies may be added to the armamentarium of effective treatments for CTD‐PAH. Ultimately, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of CTD‐PAH will be required to develop targeted therapies for this morbid condition.
Platform for the Immobilizing of Ultrasmall Pd Clusters for Carbonylation: In Situ Self‐Templating Fabrication of ZIF‐8 on ZnO
Authors: Yang Wei , Wang Fangchao , Wang He , Ding Ding , Jiang Shaohua , Zhang Guoying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIncorporating metal clusters into the confined cavities of metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) to form MOF‐supported catalysts has attracted considerable research interest with regard to carbonylation reactions. Herein, a self‐templating method is used to prepare the zinc oxide (ZnO)‐supported core–shell catalyst ZnO@Pd/ZIF‐8. This facile strategy controls the growth of metal sources on the ZIF‐8 shell layer and avoids the metal diffusion or aggregation problems of the conventional synthesis method. The characteristics of the catalysts show that the palladium (Pd) clusters are highly dispersed with an average particle size of ≈1.2 nm, making them excellent candidates as a catalyst for carbonylation under mild conditions. The optimal catalyst (1.25‐ZnO@Pd/ZIF‐8) exhibits excellent activity in synthesizing α, β‐alkynyl ketones under 1 atm of carbon monooxide (CO), and the conversion rate of 1, 3‐diphenylprop‐2‐yn‐1‐one is 3.09 and 3.87 times more than those of Pd/ZIF‐8 and Pd2+, respectively, for the first 2 h. Moreover, the 1.25‐ZnO@Pd/ZIF‐8 is recyclable, showing negligible metal leaching, and, under the conditions used in this investigation, can be reused at least five times without considerable loss in its catalytic efficiency. This protocol can also be applied with other nucleophile reagents to synthesize esters, amides, and acid products.
A 3D‐Printed Cuttlefish Bone Elastomeric Sponge Rapidly Controlling Noncompressible Hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Xinchi , Wang Xuqiao , Yuan Pingping , Ma Chaoqun , Wang Yujiao , Zhang Zheqian , Wang Pengyu , Zhao Yimin , Wu Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeveloping a self‐expanding hemostatic sponge with high blood absorption and rapid shape recovery for noncompressible hemorrhage remains a challenge. In this study, a 3D‐printed cuttlefish bone elastomeric sponge (CBES) is fabricated, which combined ordered channels and porous structures, presented tunable mechanical strength, and shape memory potentials. The incorporation of cuttlefish bone powder (CBp) plays key roles in concentrating blood components, promoting aggregation of red blood cells and platelets, and activating platelets, which makes CBES show enhanced hemostatic performance compared with commercial gelatin sponges in vivo. Moreover, CBES promotes more histiocytic infiltration and neovascularization in the early stage of degradation than gelatin sponges, which is conducive to the regeneration and repair of injured tissue. To conclude, CBp loaded 3D‐printed elastomeric sponges can promote coagulation, present the potential to guide tissue healing, and broaden the hemostatic application of traditional Chinese medicine.
Unveiled the Structure‐Selectivity Relationship for Carbon Dioxide Reduction Triggered by Bi‐Doped Cu‐Based Nanocatalysts
Authors: Kao Bing‐Hsien , Zeng Yu‐Fang , Lee Yao‐Chang , Pao Chih‐Wen , Chen Jeng‐Lung , Chuang Yu‐Chun , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn , Tsai Fu‐Te , Liaw Wen‐Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo investigate synergistic effect between geometric and electronic structures on directing CO2RR selectivity, water phase synthetic protocol and surface architecture engineering strategy are developed to construct monodispersed Bi‐doped Cu‐based nanocatalysts. The strongly correlated catalytic directionality and Bi3+ dopant can be rationalized by the regulation of [*COOH]/[*CO] adsorption capacities through the appropriate doping of Bi3+ electronic modulator, resulting in volcano relationship between FECO/TOFCO and surface EVBM values. Spectroscopic study reveals that the dual‐site binding mode ([Cu─μ─C(═O)O─Bi3+]) enabled by Cu1Bi3+2 motif in single‐phase Cu150Bi1 nanocatalyst drives CO2‐to‐CO conversion. In contrast, the study of dynamic Bi speciation and phase transformation in dual‐phase Cu50Bi1 nanocatalyst unveils that the Bi0‐Bi0 contribution emerges at the expense of BOC phase, suggesting metallic Bi0 phase acting as [H]˙ formation center switches CO2RR selectivity toward CO2‐to‐HCOO− conversion via [*OCHO] and [*OCHOK] intermediates. This work provides significant insight into how geometric architecture cooperates with electronic effect and catalytic motif/phase to guide the selectivity of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction through the distinct surface‐bound intermediates and presents molecular‐level understanding of catalytic mechanism for CO/HCOO− formation.
Synthesis and Direct Observation of Molecules of 2D Polymers: With High Molecular Weights, Large Areas, Small Micropores, Solubility, Membrane Forming Ability, and High Oxygen Permselectivity
Authors: Cheng Kehan , Shinohara Ken‐ichi , Notoya Osamu , Teraguchi Masahiro , Kaneko Takashi , Aoki Toshiki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIf ideal 2D polymer (2DP) macromolecules with small pores that are similar in size to gas molecules, large areas, small thickness, and excellent membrane‐forming ability are synthesized, ultimate gas separation membranes would be obtained. However, as far it is known, such ideal well‐characterized 2DP macromolecules are not isolated. In this study, an ideal 2DP macromolecule is synthesized by using the successive three reactions (Glaser coupling, SCAT reaction, and the introduction of octyl groups), in which the conjugated framework structure is maintained, from a fully conjugated 1D polymer. Because this exfoliated 2DP is soluble, the macromolecular structure can be fully characterized by 1H‐NMR, GPC, SEM, AFM, and its dense membrane with no defects can be fabricated by the solvent cast method. This soluble 2DP macromolecule has very small micropores (6.0 Å) inside the macromolecule, a large area (30 × 68 nm by SEM and AFM), high molecular weight (Mn = 2.80 × 105 by GPC), and a small thickness (4.4 Å by AFM). This membrane shows the highest oxygen permselectivity exceeding Robeson's upper line because of the high molecular sieving effect of the controlled small micropores.
Oxide‐Halide Perovskite Composites for Simultaneous Recycling of Lead Zirconate Titanate Piezoceramics and Methylammonium Lead Iodide Solar Cells
Authors: Tabeshfar Mohadeseh , Nelo Mikko , Anandakrishnan Sivagnana Sundaram , Siddiqui Maliha , Peräntie Jani , Tofel Pavel , Jantunen Heli , Juuti Jari , Bai Yang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlobal concerns over energy availability and the environment impose an urgent requirement for sustainable manufacturing, usage, and disposal of electronic components. Piezoelectric and photovoltaic components are being extensively used. They contain the hazardous element, Pb (e.g., in widely used and researched Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and halide perovskites), but they are not being properly recycled or reused. This work demonstrates the fabrication of upside‐down composite sensor materials using crushed ceramic particles recycled from broken piezoceramics, polycrystalline halide perovskite powder collected from waste dye‐sensitized solar cells, and crystal particles of a Cd‐based perovskite composition, C6H5N(CH3)3CdBr3xCl3(1–x). The piezoceramic and halide perovskite particles are used as filler and binder, respectively, to show a proof of concept for the chemical and microstructural compatibility between the oxide and halide perovskite compounds while being recycled simultaneously. Production of the recycled and reusable materials requires only a marginal energy budget while achieving a very high material densification of >92%, as well as a 40% higher piezoelectric voltage coefficient, i.e., better sensing capability, than the pristine piezoceramics. This work thus offers an energy‐ and environmentally friendly approach to the recycling of hazardous elements as well as giving a second life to waste piezoelectric and photovoltaic components.
A Bayesian analysis of e‐cigarette risk perceptions in the United Kingdom
Authors: Viscusi W. Kip 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPublic Health England has communicated that e‐cigarettes provide at least a 95% risk reduction compared to conventional cigarettes. This article's survey evidence indicates that adults in the United Kingdom believe that e‐cigarettes are only 30%–40% safer overall and that they reduce lung cancer risks and total mortality risks by a similar percentage. A Bayesian analysis of risk beliefs finds that e‐cigarette risk perceptions are anchored on prior cigarette risk beliefs. The public, especially smokers, underestimates the magnitude of the risk reduction being communicated by public health officials. Those who are aware of e‐cigarette messages from Public Health England assess lower risks of e‐cigarettes, but they still underestimate the relative risk reduction. Even people with favorable qualitative beliefs about the harm reduction provided by e‐cigarettes overestimate the riskiness of e‐cigarettes.
Establishment and implementation of a clinical application and research database for surgical robots in China
Authors: Ma Shixun , Li Li , Lv Dengfeng , Yang Xiaojun , Su He , Zhang Leisheng , Zhang Min , Ma Yuntao , Guo Tiankang , Cai Hui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRobots are widely used in surgeries worldwide. To improve robotic surgical treatments, we established a database of clinical applications and research on surgical robots. Robotics‐related literature included in the China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Vipshop, Chinese science citation database (CSCD), Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane databases up to September 2022 was searched and entered into the database. Information on all patients who had undergone robotic surgery at our hospital since 2016 was also included. Literature and case information was classified and evaluated according to standard guidelines and statements. The Gansu Provincial Hospital was the first to use evidence‐based medical research methods to successfully establish a database of clinical applications and research on surgical robots. This database comprised literature search, upload, quality evaluation, risk of bias assessment, case information entry, and access functions. Based on the database, we conducted related studies in general surgery, gynecology, urology, thoracic surgery, and cardiovascular surgery, and published 16 meta‐analyses and 15 clinical studies. Establishing this database removes language, retrieval, and evaluation barriers in clinicians' use of clinical evidence and lays the foundation for the efficient and accurate use of clinical data for future research. Further, it facilitates evidence‐based evaluation of the effectiveness of robotic therapy, which may guide future medical practice. This typical case of interdisciplinary research aims to build a platform to disseminate knowledge and technology in robotic surgery.This article is categorized under:
Technologies > Computer Architectures for Data Mining
Application Areas > Data Mining Software Tools
Application Areas > Education and Learning
Inverse relationships between coyote and wild turkey population time series: Implications for future studies of predator–prey interactions
Authors: Wang Guiming , Butler Adam B. , Shan Xueyan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChanges in predator communities such as the emergence of new predators alter predator–prey interactions profoundly. Coyotes (Canis latrans) have expanded their geographic distributions from the western United States (US) to the Eastern US, potentially suppressing some prey populations as their relative abundance has increased. To assess the relationship between coyotes and one of their prey, the eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris), we employed time series analysis and multivariate autoregressive state‐space models (MARSSMs) to a 23‐year capture per unit effort data set from both species in the state of Mississippi, US. The best MARSSM model indicated density dependence in each species. The competing MARSSM indicated that increases in coyote relative abundance reduced the population growth rate of wild turkeys. We recommend that future studies use long‐term time series of multiple coexisting predators and their alternative prey to assess the effects of the predator guild on the dynamics of prey populations.
Feasibility and safety of minimally invasive calcaneal osteotomy (MICO) through a medial approach: a case-control study
Authors: Beischl S. , Harrasser N. , Toepfer A. , Scheele C. , Smits Sererna R. , Walther M. , Lenze F. , Hörterer H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Minimally invasive calcaneal osteotomy (MICO) is already an established surgical procedure for correcting hindfoot deformities using a lateral approach. So far, no description of a medial approach for MICO has been published.

Material and methods
Between August 2022 and March 2023, 32 consecutive patients (MICO with medial approach, MMICO: n = 15; MICO with lateral approach, LMICO: n = 17) underwent MICO as part of complex reconstructive surgery of the foot and ankle with concomitant procedures. The amount of correction in the axial view of the calcaneus and consolidation rates were evaluated radiographically. Subjective satisfaction, stiffness of the subtalar joint, and pain level (numeric rating scale, NRS) at the level of the heel were assessed clinically. The last follow-up was at 6 months.

Results
All osteotomies consolidated within 6 months after surgery. Displacement of the tuber was 9 mm on average in either group. Relevant subtalar joint stiffness was detected in 5 MMICO and 6 LMICO patients. No relevant differences between the groups were detected for wound healing problems, nerve damage, heel pain or patient satisfaction.

Conclusion
In this study lateral and medial approaches for MICO were performed. Similar degrees of correction and low complication rates were found in both groups. The medial approach for MICO is safe and can be beneficial regarding patient positioning and arrangement of the C‑arm.

Graphic abstract
Byzantine consensus is $$\Theta (n^2)$$: the Dolev-Reischuk bound is tight even in partial synchrony!
Authors: Civit Pierre , Dzulfikar Muhammad Ayaz , Gilbert Seth , Gramoli Vincent , Guerraoui Rachid , Komatovic Jovan , Vidigueira Manuel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Dolev-Reischuk bound says that any deterministic Byzantine consensus protocol has (at least) quadratic (in the number of processes) communication complexity in the worst case: given a system withnprocesses and at most$$f < n / 3$$f<n/3failures, any solution to Byzantine consensus exchanges$$\Omega \big (n^2\big )$$Ω(n2)words, where a word contains a constant number of values and signatures. While it has been shown that the bound is tight in synchronous environments, it is still unknown whether a consensus protocol with quadratic communication complexity can be obtained in partial synchrony where the network alternates between (1) asynchronous periods, with unbounded message delays, and (2) synchronous periods, with$$\delta $$δ-bounded message delays. Until now, the most efficient known solutions for Byzantine consensus in partially synchronous settings had cubic communication complexity (e.g., HotStuff, binary DBFT). This paper closes the existing gap by introducingSQuad, a partially synchronous Byzantine consensus protocol with$$O\big (n^2\big )$$O(n2)worst-case communication complexity. In addition,SQuadis optimally-resilient (tolerating up to$$f < n / 3$$f<n/3failures) and achieves$$O(f \cdot \delta )$$O(f·δ)worst-case latency complexity. The key technical contribution underlyingSQuadlies in the way we solveview synchronization, the problem of bringing all correct processes to the same view with a correct leader for sufficiently long. Concretely, we presentRareSync, a view synchronization protocol with$$O\big (n^2\big )$$O(n2)communication complexity and$$O(f \cdot \delta )$$O(f·δ)latency complexity, which we utilize in order to obtainSQuad.
Integrated workflow incorporating the Hurst exponent and interval inversion for evaluating groundwater formations
Authors: Abdelrahman Moataz M. G. , Szabó Norbert P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA novel well-log-analysis approach is presented for an improved prediction of petrophysical properties in groundwater formations. Geophysical well logs are simultaneously processed for quantifying the lithology, storage capacity, and water flow parameters. A fully automated data processing workflow is proposed, the feasibility of which is assured by an appropriate starting model set by the joint application of factor analysis and the Hurst exponent, and a solution of a highly overdetermined inverse problem. The Hurst exponent is used for zone boundary detection, which assists the series expansion-based interval inversion method applied for estimation of the petrophysical parameters of clastic formations. The hydraulic conductivity as a well log is directly derived from the inversion results. The workflow is tested using both synthetic data contaminated with 5% Gaussian distributed noise and real data collected from a thermal water well in Baktalórántháza, eastern Hungary. At the test site, the Hurst exponent extracted from the wireline logs allows one to divide the processed interval into subzones around the Pleistocene-Miocene boundary. The observed wireline logs are inverted to estimate the volumetric parameters (porosity, shale content, water saturation, etc.) of the same zones. The predicted parameters, including hydraulic conductivity, reveal that Pleistocene sediments contain good aquifers with formation quality varying with depth. The shale volume and hydraulic conductivity logs show a proper match with the core data, which confirms the results of the comprehensive analysis. The suggested workflow is recommended for the evaluation of groundwater formations located in different depth domains, from unsaturated sediments to geothermal reservoirs.