bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single incision laparoscopy versus conventional multiport laparoscopy for colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: ElSherbiney M , Khawaja AH , Noureldin K , Issa M , Varma A 
Published: October 2023

Introduction There has been an increase in colorectal cancer resections worldwide and in the UK. Initially conducted as an open procedure, this was replaced with the conventional multiport technique. Laparoscopic colectomy became the standard surgical technique in 1991. With innovation in surgical technology, single incision laparoscopy (SIL) has attracted more attention as the possible next step in colorectal resection. The aim of this review was to compare outcomes between SIL and conventional laparoscopy (CL). Methods A literature search was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The PubMed®, MEDLINE®, Embase®, Google Scholar™ and Cochrane Library databases were used to extract randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2000 and May 2021. Statistical analysis was performed with RevMan software. Results A total of 11 RCTs were extracted with 1,370 patients (686 SIL, 684 CL). There was no significant difference between SIL and CL for operative time (standardised mean difference [SMD]: 0.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.19 to 0.22, z=0.11, p=0.91), length of hospital stay (SMD: −0.10, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.02, z=1.61, p=0.11) or overall complications (odds ratio [OR]: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.75 to 1.30, z=0.09, p=0.93). SIL had a shorter mean incision (SMD: −0.99, 95% CI: −1.35 to −0.62, z=5.25, p<0.00001). Patients undergoing SIL had a higher conversion rate to CL or an open approach (OR: 3.10, 95% CI: 0.95 to 10.14, z=1.87, p=0.06) but this just missed statistical significance. Conclusions SIL can be considered a safe alternative to CL if performed by experienced surgeons.
Skin-like and highly elastic optical fiber strain sensor based on a knot-bend shape for human motion monitoring
Authors: Al-Lami Shahad Sabhan , Salman Ansam M. , Al-Janabi Abdulhadi 
Published: October 2023

A simply designed, highly sensitive, stretchable, compact wearable, and skin-like optical fiber sensing instrument is designed and demonstrated for joint motion monitoring. The fiber sensing scheme comprises only a section of single-mode fiber (SMF) deformed in the knot-like configuration, which performs as a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based on a modal coupling mechanism between the core and cladding modes of the deformed SMF section. This proposed optical fiber sensor based on a knot-like configuration is mounted onto wearable woven fabric and then garments on the limbs of a healthy human’s body. As the flexion angle of the human limb is varied, the interference fringe coding based on the spectral shift difference of the periodical transmission spectra is perceived. The proposed wearable optical fiber sensor exhibits excellent sensitivities from around −0.431 to −0.614nm/∘ realized for elbow and knee joint flexion between a range of motion around 0°–90°. Additionally, this sensor also displays high repeatability and stability and a fast response time of 1.4 ms, combined with a small standard deviation of about 2.585%. The proposed sensor device possesses manufacturing simplicity, high processing accuracy, lightness, and elasticity, as well as certain improvements over other goniometers and optical fiber sensors. These attributes of the proposed sensor prove its applicability for human joint angle monitoring.
Simultaneously enhancing capacity and security in free-space optical chaotic communication utilizing orbital angular momentum
Authors: Zhang Yiqun , Xu Mingfeng , Pu Mingbo , Zhou Mengjie , Ding Jiazheng , Chen Shuangcheng , Qiu Kun , Jiang Ning , Luo Xiangang 
Published: October 2023

Optical chaotic signals emitted from an external-cavity feedback or injected laser diode enable small-signal information concealment in a noise-like carrier for secure optical communications. Due to the chaotic bandwidth limitation resulting from intrinsic relaxation oscillation frequency of lasers, multiplexing of optical chaotic signal, such as wavelength division multiplexing in fiber, is a typical candidate for high-capacity secure applications. However, to our best knowledge, the utilization of the spatial dimension of optical chaos for free-space secure communication has not yet been reported. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a free-space all-optical chaotic communication system that simultaneously enhances transmission capacity and security by orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing. Optical chaotic signals with two different OAM modes totally carrying 20 Gbps on–off keying signals are secretly transmitted over a 2 m free-space link, where the channel crosstalk of OAM modes is less than −20  dB, with the mode spacing no less than 3. The receiver can extract valid information only when capturing approximately 92.5% of the OAM beam and correctly demodulating the corresponding mode. Bit error rate below the 7% hard-decision forward error correction threshold of 3.8×10−3 can be achieved for the intended recipient. Moreover, a simulated weak turbulence is introduced to comprehensively analyze the influence on the system performance, including channel crosstalk, chaotic synchronization, and transmission performance. Our work may inspire structured light application in optical chaos and pave a new way for developing future high-capacity free-space chaotic secure communication systems.
Reflection-type surface lattice resonances in all-metal metasurfaces for refractive index sensing
Authors: Li Liye , Ouyang Yifan , Ma Lijun , Sun Hongshun , Chen Yusa , Wu Meizhang , Qi Zhimei , Wu Wengang 
Published: October 2023

Surface lattice resonance (SLR) is a pretty effective mechanism to realize ultranarrow linewidths in the spectrum. Herein, we propose and demonstrate reflection-type SLRs in all-metal metasurfaces experimentally, compared with the traditional transmission-type SLR, which can avoid the refractive index (RI) mismatch problem and are more suitable for high-efficiency RI sensing due to direct contact and strong light–matter interaction. The measured SLR linewidth is 13.5 nm influenced by the meta-atom size, which needs a compromise design to keep a balance between the narrow linewidth and noise immunity. Notably, the SLR sensitivity is determined by the lattice period along the polarization direction with regularity, which establishes an intuitive link between structures and optical responses and provides a theoretical guide for metasurface designs. Additionally, incident angle multiplexing will make the resonance wavelength red shift or blue shift in the case of orthogonal polarization. The rectangular array metasurface can realize dual SLRs with different sensing performances. Flexibly, the SLR can also be formed by the different meta-atoms and arrays. This research supports SLR multifarious applications involving not only RI sensing but also nonlinear optics, nano-lasers, etc.
Risk phenotype for sarcopenia in older adults from Amazonas, Brazil; a cross-sectional study
Authors: de Lima Alex Barreto , Torres-Costoso Ana , Zymbal Vera , Gouveia Élvio Rúbio , Baptista Fátima 
Published: October 2023

Background
There are several markers for the suspicion, identification, and confirmation of sarcopenia.

Objectives
To analyse the importance of several markers for assessing sarcopenia by classifying phenotypes based on five domains: symptomatology, muscle function, muscle mass, physical performance, and physical function.

Methods
A cross-sectional study analysing 312 older adults (72.6±7.8 yrs) was conducted in Novo Aripuanã, Amazonas, Brazil. Symptoms of sarcopenia were determined with the SARC-Calf; muscle function was assessed using the 30-Chair Stand test (CST), 30-CST power, and handgrip strength (HGS) with and without normalisation for body mass/height; the skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) was estimated from anthropometry; physical performance was determined through the 4-m gait speed (GS) and 6-min walking test (6MWT); and physical function was determined with the Composite Physical Function Scale (CPF).

Results
Cluster analysis revealed two phenotypes (at risk vs not at risk for sarcopenia) and the contribution of each marker (ranged from 0 to 1). In men, the contribution of each marker was: 1 for SARC-Calf, 0.18 for SMMI, 0.09 for 30-CST power and 0.06 for HGS; in women: 1 for SARC-Calf, 0.25 for 30-CST power, 0.22 for SMMI, 0.06 for GS, 0.04 for HGS, and 0.03 for CPF. Considering the cutoff values proposed by Rikli and Jones (2013) for physical function and Cruz-Jentoft et al. (2019) for the other domains, the risk profile for sarcopenia was characterized by: high SARC-Calf in both sexes (men:51.8 vs 3.6%, p<0.001; women:71.2 vs 1.1%, p<0.001), low SMMI (men:73.2 vs 44.6%, p<0.002; women:44.1 vs 23.6%, p = 0.002); in women, low GS (38.7 vs 12.4%, p<0.001) and low CPF (29.7 vs 15.7%, p = 0.020), and no differences in HGS between groups in both sexes.

Conclusions
SARC-Calf, SMMI, and 30-CST were more relevant markers for sarcopenia risk in older adults of both sexes, GS and CPF played also an important role in women.
Kant’s Rationalist Account of Hope
Authors: Stratmann Joe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Few fates seem worse than living without
cause for hope. Yet what is it to have a cause for hope? And how is it related to having hope? Although these questions have received relatively little philosophical attention, I argue that Kant advances a rationalist account of hope that addresses them. My central thesis has two parts. First, hope is a rational attitude for Kant; certain rational conditions are needed to differentiate hope from other desiderative attitudes (such as mere wishing or fantasizing). Second, these rational conditions involve causal inferences made by the hoping agent. To hope, an agent must make certain inferences about the cause of her desire and the cause of her belief that the object of her desire is possible. In short, to hope requires an agent to take herself to have a
cause for hope.
Artificial intelligence and internet of things oriented sustainable precision farming: Towards modern agriculture
Authors: Sharma Amit , Sharma Ashutosh , Tselykh Alexey , Bozhenyuk Alexander , Choudhury Tanupriya , Alomar Madani Abdu , Sánchez-Chero Manuel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAgriculture encompasses the study, practice, and discipline of plant cultivation. Agriculture has an extensive history dating back thousands of years. Depending on climate and terrain, it began independently in various locations on the planet. In comparison to what could be sustained by foraging and gathering, agriculture has the potential to significantly increase the human population. Throughout the twenty-first century, precision farming (PF) has increased the agricultural output. precision agriculture (PA) is a technology-enabled method of agriculture that assesses, monitors, and evaluates the needs of specific fields and commodities. The primary objective of this farming method, as opposed to conventional farming, is to increase crop yields and profitability through the precise application of inputs. This work describes in depth the development and function of artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT) in contemporary agriculture. Modern day-to-day applications rely extensively on AI and the IoT. Modern agriculture leverages AI and IoT for technological advancement. This improves the accuracy and profitability of modern agriculture. The use of AI and IoT in modern smart precision agricultural applications is highlighted in this work and the method proposed incorporates specific steps in PF and demonstrates superior performance compared to existing classification methods. It achieves a remarkable accuracy of 98.65%, precision of 98.32%, and recall rate of 97.65% while retaining competitive execution time of 0.23 s, when analysing PF using the FAOSTAT benchmark dataset. Additionally, crucial equipment and methods used in PF are described and the vital advantages and real-time tools utilised in PA are covered in detail.
Development of modified h-BN/UPE resin for insulation varnish applications
Authors: Aksoy Kaan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study is to explore the impact of a nanofiller, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), on the main physical, electrical, and thermal characteristics of unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin. To obtain a homogeneous dispersion, h-BN nanoparticles were surface-modified using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give S/h-BN nanoparticles. UPE-S/h-BN composites were prepared by using various ratios (1, 5, 10 wt%) of these modified nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis studies showed that the presence of S/h-BN nanoparticles boosted the thermal stability of the UPE resin. The electrical volume resistivity value increased from 1.3 × 1013 to 1.38 × 1014 Ω cm with the addition of 10 wt% S/h-BN. The contact angle results indicated that the hydrophobicity of UPE-S/h-BN composites increased and the value of 110° was obtained for UPE-S/h-BN10. The findings revealed that incorporating S/h-BN nanoparticles into UPE resin, in specific ratios, improved its properties and the resulting product has the potential to be used as an insulation varnish.
Digitalisierung und Bürgerbeteiligung: Heilsversprechen und Hinterhalte
Authors: Sommer Jörg 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Digitalisierung birgt Risiken für die Demokratie. Aber bietet sie auch Chancen? Und wie sehen diese aus? Besonders im Bereich der Bürgerbeteiligung ist seit einigen Jahren ein digitaler Schub zu verzeichnen. Es wird mehr, öfter und umfassender digital beteiligt. Die Erwartungen dabei sind hoch, die Erfahrungen gemischt, die Herausforderungen vielfältig.
Digital, grün, global gerecht
Authors: Hildebrandt Friederike , Jung Maximilian 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Autor*innen zeigen auf, wie sich der Ausbau und die verstärkte Nutzung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien auf Treibhausgasemissionen und Stromverbrauch auswirken. Entgegen Industrieversprechen von Dematerialisierung und Effizienzgewinnen stellen starke Reboundeffekte, also die steigende Nachfrage nach Strom und Ressourcen große Herausforderungen für eine nachhaltige Digitalisierung dar. Anhand von drei ausgewählten Beispielen entlang digitaler Lieferketten zeigen die Autor*innen die negativen Bedingungen und Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung unter Gesichtspunkten globaler Gerechtigkeit. Zum Abschluss stellen sie Überlegungen zu einer zukunftsfähigen und nachhaltigen Digitalisierung an.
Netze für die Menschen
Authors: Müller Klaus 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag skizziert die technologische Entwicklung von den Anfängen der Telefonie bis zum heutigen Ausbau der Glasfasernetze für mobile Kommunikation und eine Breite von Nutzungsmöglichkeiten in Wirtschaft und Alltag. Diese Entwicklung wird von der Bundesnetzagentur regulatorisch begleitet, um die geeigneten wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen zu setzen und mobile Kommunikation als Teil der Daseinsvorsorge überall und für jeden zu ermöglichen.
Exploring numerical blow-up phenomena for the Keller–Segel–Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Bonilla Jesús , Gutiérrez-Santacreu Juan Vicente 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Keller–Segel–Navier–Stokes system governs chemotaxis in liquid environments. This system is to be solved for the organism and chemoattractant densities and for the fluid velocity and pressure. It is known that if the total initial organism density mass is below 2π there exist globally defined generalised solutions, but what is less understood is whether there are blow-up solutions beyond such a threshold and its optimality.
Motivated by this issue, a numerical blow-up scenario is investigated. Approximate solutions computed via a stabilised finite element method founded on a shock capturing technique are such that they satisfy a priori bounds as well as lower and L
1(Ω) bounds for the organism and chemoattractant densities. In particular, these latter properties are essential in detecting numerical blow-up configurations, since the non-satisfaction of these two requirements might trigger numerical oscillations leading to non-realistic finite-time collapses into persistent Dirac-type measures.
Our findings show that the existence threshold value 2π encountered for the organism density mass may not be optimal and hence it is conjectured that the critical threshold value 4π may be inherited from the fluid-free Keller–Segel equations. Additionally it is observed that the formation of singular points can be neglected if the fluid flow is intensified.
Knockdown of NUPR1 inhibits angiogenesis in lung cancer through IRE1/XBP1 and PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathways
Authors: Wang Lihuai , Wen Jing , Sun Yinhui , Yang Xiao , Ma Yi , Tian Xuefei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The stress response molecule nuclear protein‑1 (NUPR1) is essential for the growth of multiple types of human malignant tumor cells. However, the significance of NUPR1 in lung cancer is still not entirely elucidated. Therefore, this study is aimed to explore the function and underlying mechanisms of NUPR1 in lung cancer. NUPR1 mRNA and protein levels in lung cancer cell lines (A549 or H1299 cells) were silenced through siRNA transfection and western blot observed its successful infection efficiency. Then, using tube formation and wound healing experiments, the effects of si-NUPR1 on angiogenesis and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were examined, respectively, which indicated inhibitory effects on the angiogenesis and migration of HUVEC. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), a vital molecule in angiogenesis, was detected by PCR and western blot assays, manifesting NUPR1 knockdown represses VEGFA expression. Furthermore, the knockdown of NUPR1 may reduce angiogenesis by lowering VEGFA expression through inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)/X box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 A (eIF2α)/recombinant activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) signaling pathways in A549 or H1299 cells. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that NUPR1 knockdown inhibits angiogenesis in A549 and H1299 cells through IRE1/XBP1 and PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathways, indicating that NUPR1 could represent a novel lung cancer therapeutic target.
Physically Present but Spiritually Distant: The View of the European Union in Poland
Authors: Polak Aleksandra , Hartwell Christopher A. , Sidło Katarzyna W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Polish people remain staunchly in favour of the concept of a European Union. Paradoxically though, there has been strong and continued electoral support for Law and Justice (PiS), its ruling party, despite its insistence on precipitating and then continuing multifaceted conflicts with EU institutions. This article examines the internal structural changes in Poland and the attitudes to the EU of Poland’s leaders; the article will argue that those attitudes have deepened pre-existing divisions over integration. By fusing the triple modernization theory of European integration with a two-dimensional concept of party-based Euroscepticism, the article shows how PiS’s ambiguous discourse on European integration, combined with an increasingly instrumental approach to the EU by the Polish electorate—and that electorate’s deepening polarization—have secured steady support for PiS from ostensibly Europhile voters.
“Symphonia”? A New Patriarch Attempts to Redefine Church–State Relations in Serbia
Authors: Aleksov Bojan , Lackenby Nicholas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The authors examine the relationship between Church and state in Serbia since the election of the new patriarch in February 2021. They demonstrate the ways in which Church and state have begun to take divergent paths. This is not to suggest that political and ecclesiastical power are not deeply entwined in contemporary Serbia—they are. However, the authors show how—contrary to accounts which present Church and state as practically homologous—clerical and political leaders are increasingly pulling in different directions. They evaluate the key features of what has so far been a brief, but momentous tenure of the Serbian Patriarch Porfirije. A particular emphasis is placed on the new patriarch’s ecclesiastical diplomacy, the ever-increasing role of the Church as a mnemonic agent, the Church’s reaction to Belgrade hosting an LGBT pride parade and, finally, its rapport with the Serbian government.
Accession Twenty Years On – Experiences, Expectations and Effects on the European Union: Introductory Remarks
Authors: Inotai András 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This introduction summarizes the pathways up to and the experience of membership of the European Union of five recent member countries: Hungary, Romania, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia, all of which acceded in 2004 or, in the case of, Romania, in 2007. Key economic and domestic political developments as well as changes in public attitude to European integration are addressed using a comparative pattern; in addition, future research priorities are outlined in the hope of encouraging further academic and policy-oriented study both in the respective member countries and on the European scale.
Transition from a foam-like to an onion-like nanostructure in water-rich L3 phases
Authors: Menold Philipp , Strey Reinhard , Roitsch Stefan , Preisig Natalie , Stubenrauch Cosima 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In dilute water-surfactant systems L3 phases are found in which bilayers interconnect to form a sample-spanning sponge-like structure. From our previous study of the system water/NaCl-AOT (sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate) we know that a transition of this sponge-like structure to an oil-continuous foam-like structure occurs upon addition of minute amounts of oil (about 3 wt%, α = 0.03) in the L3 channel at a constant surfactant mass fraction of γ = 0.15 and T = 25 °C. The aim of the present study was to verify if the same transition occurs at γ = 0.25. To achieve this goal, we determined the relevant part of the phase diagram and studied the electrical conductivities and viscosities within the narrow one-phase L3 channel. Although the electrical conductivities and viscosities change qualitatively like those observed at γ = 0.15 we did not observe a sponge-like structure at γ = 0.25 in the oil-free system (α = 0) with freeze-fracture electron microscopy (FFEM) and freeze fracture direct imaging (FFDI). Together with the FFEM/FFDI images and SANS/SAXS curves we provide experimental evidence for a structural transition with decreasing oil content from a thermodynamically stable foam-like to a thermodynamically stable onion-like nanostructure at γ = 0.25 rather than to a sponge-like structure as is the case at γ = 0.15.