bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of subclinical left ventricular myocardial systolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with or without hypertension by global and segmental myocardial work
Authors: Li Guang-An , Huang Jun , Sheng Xiao , Fan Li 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
The research was aimed to evaluate the subclinical left ventricular (LV) myocardial systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients with or without hypertension (HT) by global and segmental myocardial work (MW).

Methods
A total of 120 T2DM patients (including 60 T2DM patients with HT) and 70 sex- and age- matched normal controls were included. The global and segmental variables of work index (WI), constrictive work (CW), waste work (WW), work efficiency (WE), and CW/WW were analysed by non-invasive pressure-strain loop. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed for detection the subclinical LV systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients with and without HT.

Results
The global work index (GWI), global CW (GCW), global WE (GWE), and GCW/global WW (GWW) of T2DM and T2DM patients with HT were significantly lower than normal controls (p < 0.05). The WI, CW, WE, and CW/WW of the LV anterior wall in T2DM and T2DM patients with HT were significantly lower when compared with those of the normal controls (p < 0.05). ROC analysis showed that the value of area under the curve (AUC) in combined GWI, GCW, GWE, and GCW/GWW was significantly higher than the AUCs of the individual indices (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
MW can non-invasively and accurately evaluate subclinical global and segmental LV myocardial systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients with and without HT. Regulating total cholesterol levels and controlling blood pressure in T2DM patients with and without HT might reduce the impairment of LV myocardial systolic function.
Development of multi-target dsRNAs targeting PcNLP gene family to suppress Phytophthora capsici infection in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Park Minsu , Kweon Yujin , Eom Jihyun , Oh Minsun , Shin Chanseok 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhytophthora capsici, which causes diseases in solanaceous crops, secretes necrosis and ethylene-inducing peptide 1-like proteins (NLPs) that induce plant defense responses and leaf necrosis. In this study, we used RNA interference (RNAi) technique, a proven strategy for crop protection and gene regulation in plants, to suppress P. capsici infection through the inhibition of PcNLPs. In the RNAi mechanism, Dicer processes double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into smaller entities known as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). These siRNAs subsequently integrate into the RNA-induced silencing complex to form sequence-specific base pairing with complementary regions of the target mRNA. This interaction effectively initiates the degradation process of the target mRNA. We designed and synthesized dsRNAs targeting the “AIMY” and “GHRHDWE” conserved motifs of PcNLP gene family, which are predicted to be key elements for the expression of NLPs and pathogen infection. After infiltration of dsRNAs targeting the motifs and inoculation with P. capsici, we confirmed a significant suppression of P. capsici infection and downregulation of the PcNLP gene family. These findings imply that the dsRNA-mediated RNAi technique holds potential for mitigating a wide range of pathogens, while simultaneously suppressing the expression of a particular gene family using dsRNA targeting functional conserved motifs in the gene family.
The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Smith-Russack Zacariah , Paul Angel , Saldana Geomarie Ashley , Shao Iris Y. , Al-Shoaibi Abubakr A. A. , Chaphekar Anita V. , Downey Amanda E. , He Jinbo , Murray Stuart B. , Baker Fiona C. , Ganson Kyle T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder phenotype and is linked to several negative health outcomes. Yet, little is known about the social epidemiology of BED, particularly in early adolescence. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and BED and binge-eating behaviors in a large, national cohort of 10–14-year-old adolescents in the United States (U.S.)

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of two-year follow-up data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (2018 − 2020) that included 10,197 early adolescents (10 − 14 years, mean 12 years) in the U.S. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and BED and binge-eating behaviors, defined based on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia.

Results
In this early adolescent sample (48.8% female, 54.0% White, 19.8% Latino/Hispanic, 16.1% Black, 5.4% Asian, 3.2% Native American, 1.5% Other), the prevalence of BED and binge-eating behaviors were 1.0% and 6.3%, respectively. Identifying as gay or bisexual (compared to heterosexual; adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.25, 95% CI 1.01–5.01) and having a household income of less than $75,000 (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.21–3.46) were associated with greater odds of BED. Being male (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06–1.55), of Native American (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.01–2.55) descent, having a household income less than $75,000 (AOR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08–1.65), or identifying as gay or bisexual (AOR for ‘Yes’ Response: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.31–2.91 and AOR for ‘Maybe’ Response: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.19–2.76) were all associated with higher odds of binge-eating behaviors.

Conclusion
Several sociodemographic variables showed significant associations with binge-eating behaviors, which can inform targeted screening, prevention, and education campaigns for BED among early adolescents.
Optimizing ethyl formate fumigation in greenhouse cucurbit crops for efficient control of major agricultural pests, Myzus persicae and Thrips palmi
Authors: Kim Kyeongnam , Kim Chaeeun , Kwon Tae Hyung , Jeon Hwang-Ju , Kim Yurim , Cho Yerin , Kim Donghyeon , Lee Yubin , Kim Dongbin , Lee Byung-Ho , Lee Sung-Eun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Ethyl formate (EF) is naturally occurring volatile compound used as quarantine fumigant for pest control. Recently, conversion of uses of EF was tried from quarantine to agricultural field due to its promising efficacy. However, there is a lack of studies on the residue pattern on crops and soil and the phytotoxic mechanism of EF in greenhouse environment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, residue analysis, and phytotoxicity of EF fumigation in controlling Myzus persicae and Thrips palmi, on cucurbit crops and establish an optimized fumigation strategy for use in greenhouses.

Results
The results showed that EF was more effective against M. persicae than against T. palmi. Residue analysis indicated that EF rapidly decomposed and was not retained after 30 min in leaves and 2 h in soil after fumigation, suggesting the potential for residue-free pest control. Phytotoxicity test revealed that watermelon was the most sensitive crop to EF, and H2O2 accumulation was observed above a concentration of 7.5 g/m3. A strategy to reduce phytotoxicity with sodium bicarbonate during fumigation showed promising results in reducing phytotoxic effects on the crops. The optimized EF fumigation with 6 g/m3 was applied in a greenhouse, resulting in 100% and 40% mortality of M. persicae and T. palmi, respectively, with no notable phytotoxicity and EF residue in the treated crops and soil.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that optimized EF fumigation can be an environmentally sustainable method for controlling pests in greenhouses, paving the way for improved pest management practices and sustainable agriculture. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the potential of EF fumigation for other crops and pests.

Graphical Abstract
Potential and perspectives of halide perovskites in light emitting devices
Authors: Lê Khan , Heshmati Niusha , Mathur Sanjay 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLight emitting diodes (LEDs) have become part of numerous electrical and electronic systems such as lighting, displays, status indicator lamps and wearable electronics. Owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties and deposition via simple solution process, metal halide perovskites possess unique potential for developing halide perovskite-based LEDs (PeLEDs) with superior photoluminescence efficiencies leading to external quantum efficiencies beyond 20% for PeLEDS. However, the limited durability, high operative voltages, and challenges of scale-up are persisting barriers in achieving required technology readiness levels. To build up the existing knowledge and raise the device performance this review provides a state-of-the-art study on the properties, film and device fabrication, efficiency, and stability of PeLEDs. In terms of commercialization, PeLEDs need to overcome materials and device challenges including stability, ion migration, phase segregation, and joule heating, which are discussed in this review. We hope, discussions about the strategies to overcome the stability issues and enhancement the materials intrinsic properties towards development more stable and efficient optoelectronic devices can pave the way for scalability and cost-effective production of PeLEDs.
Graphical Abstract
Multifaceted functions of Drp1 in hypoxia/ischemia-induced mitochondrial quality imbalance: from regulatory mechanism to targeted therapeutic strategy
Authors: Hao Shuai , Huang He , Ma Rui-Yan , Zeng Xue , Duan Chen-Yang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHypoxic-ischemic injury is a common pathological dysfunction in clinical settings. Mitochondria are sensitive organelles that are readily damaged following ischemia and hypoxia. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) regulates mitochondrial quality and cellular functions via its oligomeric changes and multiple modifications, which plays a role in mediating the induction of multiple organ damage during hypoxic-ischemic injury. However, there is active controversy and gaps in knowledge regarding the modification, protein interaction, and functions of Drp1, which both hinder and promote development of Drp1 as a novel therapeutic target. Here, we summarize recent findings on the oligomeric changes, modification types, and protein interactions of Drp1 in various hypoxic-ischemic diseases, as well as the Drp1-mediated regulation of mitochondrial quality and cell functions following ischemia and hypoxia. Additionally, potential clinical translation prospects for targeting Drp1 are discussed. This review provides new ideas and targets for proactive interventions on multiple organ damage induced by various hypoxic-ischemic diseases.
Effects of Mucuna milk (Mucuna pruriens L.) on body weight and serum biochemistry in rats fed hyperlipidaemic diet
Authors: Dimitry Mang Yannick , Thérèse Bidja Abena Marie , Edith Djiogue Manejo Josiane , Armand Abdou Bouba , Nicolas Njintang Yanou 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress is recognized as risk factor for several diseases such as COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral administration of Mucuna milks on body weight gain, blood lipid levels and redox status in rat model fed high fat diet.

Methods
Mucuna milks were produced from two varieties of Mucuna seeds. Three controls (I, II, III) made of normal rats fed with standard diet, rats fed with high fat diet and rats fed with high fat diet submitted to oral administration of atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day). In addition, four test groups (IV, V, VI, VII) made with rats fed high fat diet and received oral administration of 20 mL of vegetable milk per day (10 mL at morning and 10 mL at afternoon).

Results
Results confirmed that rats on the high fat diet only showed an increasing of about 224% of their initial body weight, abdominal fat and a significant (p < 0.05) increases of lipid peroxidation (MDA) in liver and heart after five weeks. However, oral administration of Mucuna milk inhibit weight gain by about 66% and abdominal fat (54.53–55.60%). The reduction of LDL, VLDL, Triglycerides and Total cholesterol was remarkable in groups of rat treated with vegetable milk, about 67% reduction for dehulled Mucuna milks (DCM, DVM) and 69% reduction for whole Mucuna milks (WCM, WVM). Hyperlipidemic group rats had higher ASAT (134.17 UI/L) and ALAT (101.72 UI/L) levels, but Mucuna milks improved the ASAT and ALAT levels in rats. The reduction of MDA (70 − 50%) was related to phenolic content of Mucuna milks. significant and negative correlations was observed between catalase and MDA (r= -0.86; p = 0.05); MDA and SOD (r = − 0.60; p = 0.05).

Conclusion
This study suggests that treatment with Mucuna milks have anti-hyperlipidemia properties and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
Mesenchymal stromal cell biotherapy for Parkinson’s disease premotor symptoms
Authors: Sun Jinmei , Zhang Wei , Wei Zheng Zachory , Song Xiaopeng , Jian Liu , Jiang Feng , Wang Shuanglin , Li Haibo , Zhang Yongbo , Tuo Houzhen ,   The CtrLyin Group
Published: October 2023

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with motor deficits due to nigrostriatal dopamine depletion and with the non-motor/premotor symptoms (NMS) such as anxiety, cognitive dysfunction, depression, hyposmia, and sleep disorders. NMS is presented in at least one-fifth of the patients with PD. With the histological information being investigated, stem cells are shown to provide neurotrophic supports and cellular replacement in the damaging brain areas under PD conditions. Pathological change of progressive PD includes degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. The current stem cell beneficial effect addresses dopamine boost for the striatal neurons and gliovascular mechanisms as competing for validated PD drug targets. In addition, there are clinical interventions for improving the patient’s NMS and targeting their autonomic dysfunction, dementia, mood disorders, or sleep problems. In our and many others’ research using brain injury models, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells demonstrate an additional and unique ability to alleviate depressive-like behaviors, independent of an accelerated motor recovery. Intranasal delivery of the stem cells is discussed for it is extensively tested in rodent animal models of neurological and psychiatric disorders. In this review, we attempt to discuss the repairing potentials of transplanted cells into parkinsonism pathological regions of motor deficits and focus on preventive and treatment effects. From new approaches in the PD biological therapy, it is believed that it can as well benefit patients against PD-NMS.
Development of a 3D-printed, patient-specific stereotactic system for bihemispheric deep brain stimulation
Authors: Knorr Patrick , Winkler Dirk , Kropla Fabian , Möbius Robert , Müller Marcel , Scholz Sebastian , Grunert Ronny 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of the project was to develop a patient-specific stereotactic system that allows simultaneous and thus time-saving treatment of both cerebral hemispheres and that contains all spatial axes and can be used as a disposable product. Furthermore, the goal was to reduce the size and weight of the stereotactic system compared to conventional systems to keep the strain on the patient, who is awake during the operation, to a minimum. In addition, the currently mandatory computed tomography should be avoided in order not to expose the patient to harmful X-ray radiation as well as to eliminate errors in the fusion of CT and MRI data.3D printing best meets the requirements in terms of size and weight: on the one hand, the use of plastic has considerable potential for weight reduction. On the other hand, the free choice of the individual components offers the possibility to optimize the size and shape of the stereotactic system and to adapt it to the individual circumstances while maintaining the same precision. The all-in-one stereotactic system was produced by means of the Multi Jet Fusion process. As a result, the components are highly precise, stable in use, lightweight and sterilizable. The number of individual components and interfaces, which in their interaction are potential sources of error, was significantly reduced. In addition, on-site manufacturing leads to faster availability of the system.Within the project, a patient-specific stereotaxy system was developed, printed, and assembled, which enables the execution of deep brain stimulation via only three bone anchors located on the skull. Pre-developed MRI markers, which can be screwed directly onto the bone anchors via the sleeves, eliminate the need for a CT scan completely. The fusion of the data, which is no longer required, suggests an improvement in target accuracy.
Corpus callosum in children with neurodevelopmental delay: MRI standard qualitative assessment versus automatic quantitative analysis
Authors: Mandine Natacha , Tavernier Elsa , Hülnhagen Till , Maréchal Bénédicte , Kober Tobias , Tauber Clovis , Guichard Marine , Castelnau Pierre , Morel Baptiste 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The corpus callosum (CC) is a key brain structure. In children with neurodevelopmental delay, we compared standard qualitative radiological assessments with an automatic quantitative tool.

Methods
We prospectively enrolled 73 children (46 males, 63.0%) with neurodevelopmental delay at single university hospital between September 2020 and September 2022. All of them underwent 1.5-T brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including a magnetization-prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echoes − MP2RAGE sequence. Two radiologists blindly reviewed the images to classify qualitatively the CC into normal, hypoplasic, hyperplasic, and/or dysgenetic classes. An automatic tool (QuantiFIRE) was used to provide brain volumetry and T1 relaxometry automatically as well as deviations of those parameters compared with a healthy age-matched cohort. The MRI reference standard for CC volumetry was based on the Garel et al. study. Cohen κ statistics was used for interrater agreement. The radiologists and QuantiFIRE’s diagnostic accuracy were compared with the reference standard using the Delong test.

Results
The CC was normal in 42 cases (57.5%), hypoplastic in 20 cases (27.4%), and hypertrophic in 11 cases (15.1%). T1 relaxometry values were abnormal in 26 children (35.6%); either abnormally high (18 cases, 24.6%) or low (8 cases, 11.0%). The interrater Cohen κ coefficient was 0.91. The diagnostic accuracy of the QuantiFIRE prototype was higher than that of the radiologists for hypoplastic and normal CC (p = 0.003 for both subgroups, Delong test).

Conclusions
An automated volumetric and relaxometric assessment can assist the evaluation of brain structure such as the CC, particularly in the case of subtle abnormalities.

Relevance statement
Automated brain MRI segmentation combined with statistical comparison to normal volume and T1 relaxometry values can be a useful diagnostic support tool for radiologists.

Key points
• Corpus callosum abnormality detection is challenging but clinically relevant.
• Automated quantitative volumetric analysis had a higher diagnostic accuracy than that of visual appreciation of radiologists.
• Quantitative T1 relaxometric analysis might help characterizing corpus callosum better.

Graphical Abstract
Placental perfusion imaging on 3Tesla magnetic resonance imaging using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling: an initial experience
Authors: Chandrasekhar Priyanka , Rangasami Rajeswaran , Andrew Chitra , Paarthipan N. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
During pregnancy, the placenta plays an important role in the development of the fetus by supplying it with oxygen and nutrition, eliminating waste, and acting as an immunological barrier. Pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling (pCASL) MRI was recently shown to be a promising sequence for measuring perfusion in the placenta. The aim was to obtain the perfusion measurements of the placenta in normal pregnancies using 3 Tesla MRI from 19 to 38 weeks of gestational age.

Results
This was a cohort observational study. One hundred and sixty (160) singleton pregnancies from 19 to 38 weeks of gestational age were included. A 3D pCASL sequence was performed in the axial plane for placental blood flow (PBF). Data post-processing was performed on a workstation using Ready View software for 3D ASL with automated generation of quantitative placental pattern-based morphometry (PBM). The mean values of placental perfusion were extracted by averaging the data obtained. A significant positive correlation was observed between the PBF and increasing GA using Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation values (r-value 0.77, p-value < 0.001), respectively. Average PBF values from 19 to 38 weeks were (89.4 ± 13.5 to 155.3 ± 2.8 ml/100 g/min). According to our intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), inter-observer reproducibility of placental blood flow shows good agreement between observers (0.98).

Conclusions
Normal PBF values using ASL in 3 T MRI from 19 to 38 weeks of gestational age were provided. Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between gestational age and placental blood flow. In the future, it may help to identify placental perfusion abnormalities like placental insufficiency, preeclampsia, and fetal growth restriction (FGR).
Case series of intraorbital colobomatous cysts with anophthalmos/microphthalmos spectrum: a rare diagnostic conundrum simplified
Authors: Ranga Anju , Yadav Renu , Bansal Neha , Gupta Jyoti , Bhayana Aanchal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Anophthalmos/microphthalmos spectrum is a rare congenital eye disorder and concurrence of a cystic intraorbital lesion is even rarer. Every so often it presents as a diagnostic enigma for the clinician as well as radiologist. The occurrence of anomaly is linked with early intraembryonic insult and is closely linked with neuroectodermal development of the eyeball. There is a wide range of differential diagnoses for the intraaorbital cysts associated with microphthalmos cases ranging from colobomas to teratomas. The radiological findings in the coloboma gamut are poorly understood with a paucity of the literature regarding the same. Early and correct diagnosis is imperative for the proper management of the patient.

Case presentation
We present the radiological findings in three patients presenting at different ages with a basic approach pattern.

Conclusions
Knowledge of the radiological findings in cases of intraorbital colobomatous cysts and associations along with their embryological basis would help in making the correct diagnosis ensuing timely and accurate patient management.