bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UNDERSTANDING HEARING LOSS AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS FROM AN ENGAGING WITH AGING PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ge Shaoqing , Wu Kuan-Ching , Jin Jessica , Park Suah , Chien Shao-Yun , Primomo Janet , Belza Basia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Engaging with Aging is an emerging framework proposed by Carnevali which provides a new lens to understand an active, conscious daily living process of coping with age-related changes (ARCs) taken on by older adults. The study aims were to 1) describe the challenges related to hearing loss experienced by community-dwelling older adults, especially during COVID-19; 2) identify the strategies and resources used by older adults to accommodate the daily living challenges caused by hearing loss. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 29 participants aged 64 to 98 online due to COVID-19 restrictions. We used a virtual card sort to assist with data gathering. Hearing loss was mentioned by 18 participants (62%) and their corresponding adaptations were discussed. We found that older adults linked their adaptations to hearing loss based on their changing hearing capacities and needs. Commonly used adaptations included lip reading, volume adjustment, and wearing hearing aids. The challenges caused by COVID-19 in implementing the adaptations were also discussed (e.g., increased difficulty in understanding others due to mask-wearing). While most participants reported making adaptations to hearing loss, some mentioned that hearing loss was “no biggie” to them so no adaptations were needed. This study substantiates the EWA framework by showing the commonality among older adults in linking hearing loss, as one of the common ARCs, with corresponding adaptations. Implications for clinicians and researchers include using EWA to help older adults identify personalized solutions that fit their hearing capacity.
HOW WIDOWHOOD SHAPES THE EFFECT OF ADULT CHILDREN’S EDUCATION ON MOTHERS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
Authors: Frase Robert , Bauldry Shawn , Suitor J Jill , Gilligan Megan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite a growing interest in the effects of adult children’s education on older parents’ health and well-being, few studies have focused on how family structure may shape these processes. Drawing on data collected from 160 married and 180 widowed mothers ages 73-85 as part of the Within-Family Differences Study, we explore how mothers’ widowhood status moderates the association between their adult children’s education and mothers’ depressive symptoms. Drawing on past empirical work and Socioemotional Selectivity Theory, we develop and test two competing hypotheses. First, empirical research on depression and financial strain suggests that widowed mothers may be especially reliant on their adult children’s resources and, therefore, that adult children’s education would have a larger impact on widowed than married mothers’ mental health. Alternatively, principles of Socioemotional Selectivity Theory suggest that widows may place less value on their children’s material accomplishments, like educational attainment, and instead emphasize the socioemotional aspects of their relationships with their children. Therefore, children’s education may exert a smaller influence on the psychological well-being of widowed than married mothers. Results of linear regression models stratified by widowhood status supported our second hypothesis. Specifically, the association between adult children’s education and mothers’ psychological well-being was significantly larger among married mothers relative to widowed mothers. Our findings highlight the importance of considering family processes and family structure when studying educational attainment and health across generations.
LATER LIFE AS A DARING EXPERIENCE: FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OLDER ADULTS’ RISK PERCEPTION
Authors: Lifshitz Rinat , Bachner Yaacov , Nimrod Galit 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Risk perception refers to people’s subjective judgments about the possibility of negative occurrences and the extent to which they are concerned with them. Previous studies have found that older adults who were exposed to ongoing terror threats developed later-life and terror risk perceptions. These studies showed that high risk perception has negative psychological and physiological consequences. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the development of both later-life risk perception and terror risk perception in later life. Data were collected via an online survey with 306 Internet users aged 50 years and over, half resided in a high-risk zone while the remainder lived in a low-risk zone. The Perceived Risk Scale, measures of depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, social support, spirituality, internet use, and personal background were applied. Low self-rated health was associated with terror and later-life risk perceptions, regardless of the risk zone. After controlling for personal background, only depressive symptoms significantly correlated with high risk perceptions. These findings suggest that older adults with poorer self-rated health, secular beliefs, and elevated depressive symptoms may be susceptible to developing high risk perceptions. Clinicians should encourage older adults to identify preserving resources to improve adjustment to late life stressors.
PERSONAL FACTORS AFFECTING OLDER ADULTS’ INTERPRETATION OF STRESS: MODERATING ROLE OF DIFFERENT LEISURE TYPES
Authors: An Jaesung , Kwon Soonhyung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Holistic stress model (Nelson & Simmons, 2003; 2011) offers the most updated framework to understand how individuals’ differences in characteristics (e.g., locus of control, optimism, hardiness) determines their interpretation of the given stressor, whether as eustress or distress. However, dearth of literature exists to further validate this framework, and barely any study has been conducted among older adult population. While daily leisure engagement is one of the most valued activities among older adults, which helps them navigate healthy aging process (An et al., 2022), it also has positive relationships with older adults’ sense of control, positive emotions, and resilience (Son et al., 2021). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether individual differences (sense of control, optimism, social support, spiritual belief) have effects on how older adults respond to given stressor and to investigate whether there is a moderating effect of participating in different types of leisure activities. This study used the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data and study participants (n=3,038) aged 64.52 years old on average. Multiple linear regression was used for analyses using SPSS. Findings indicated that higher social support, optimism, and sense of control were significantly associated with lower response to chronic stress, whereas higher spiritual belief was related to higher response to chronic stress. In terms of specific moderator effects, physical leisure was a significant moderator between social support, optimism, sense of control, and spiritual belief and response to chronic stress. Further discussion, implication, and future recommendations will be presented.
ISOTEMPORAL SUBSTITUTION OF 24-HOUR MOVEMENT BEHAVIOR AND FRAILTY STATUS IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Lai Ting-Fu , Liao Yung , Hsueh Ming-Chun , Lee Chung-Sheng , Lin Kun-Pei , Chan Ding-Cheng (Derrick) , Chen Yung-Ming , Wen Chiung-Jung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Properly distributing twenty-four hours (24-h) movement in daily life may provide older individuals chances to prevent frailty. This study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing sedentary behavior (SB) with light physical activity (LPA) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on risks of pre-frailty and frailty in older adults.

Methods
We recruited 196 older adults (48.5% men; 80.3 ± 7.1 years old) to wear a triaxial accelerometer on the waist. Pre-frailty and frailty were assessed by a modified version of Fried’s criteria. Isotemporal substitution analysis was performed to investigate the association between 24-h movement and risks of pre-frailty and frailty.

Results
After adjusting confounding variables, the results also indicated that only reallocating 60minutes of SB per day to MVPA was less likely to have pre-frailty (OR = 0.01, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.20) and frailty (OR = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.36). In addition, each 5-min increment in MVPA from 20 min as part of total physical activity (40 min in LPA) to replace 60 minutes of SB per day resulted in being less likely to have frailty (OR = 0.546, 95% CI= 0.301, 0.992).

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that using 60-min MVPA to substitute SB daily may theoretically reduce the risk of being pre-frailty and frailty. Moreover, replacing 60-min SB daily with mixed 40-min LPA and 20-min MVPA was able to reduce frailty risks. Therefore, those findings may provide alternative approaches with acceptable intensity and feasibility when promoting the physical health of older adults.
LOW RESILIENCE FACTORS AND MINORITY RACE PREDICT QUALITY-OF-LIFE DEFICITS AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASE
Authors: Nkwata Allan , Song Xiao , Zhang Ming , Ezeamama Amara 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Resilience-promoting factors (RPF), minority race and their interaction, were evaluated as determinants of quality of life (QOL) decline in a nationally representative sample of US adults ≥50 years old (N=3932) with heart disease and/or type-2 diabetes from 2006-2014 as part of the Health and Retirement Study. RPF included personal mastery and positive social support (PSS). QOL was assessed by self-rated health (SRH) and defined as poor (fair/poor), good, or excellent (very good/ excellent). Repeated measures multinomial regression using generalized estimating equations (GEEs) related RPF, race, and their interaction to SRH declines over 8 years. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with adjustment for time, sociodemographic and behavioral confounders. Low mastery, low PSS and minority race were each associated with higher odds of QOL declines over 8 years (mastery OR- 2.27, 95% CI: 1.83- 2.81; PSS OR- 1.35, 95% CI: 1.10-1.65; African American OR- 1.46, 95% CI: 1.25-1.70, and Other race OR- 1.43, 95% CI: 1.10-1.86). QOL declines related to PSS-friends varied by race and time (race x time x PSS-friends, p=0.093). Among older Caucasians, the association between PSS and QOL declines did not vary over time (p=0.676). However, among African Americans and Other race, low PSS was associated with increased odds of QOL declines over time (p=0.031 and p=0.034 respectively). RPF and minority race predicted QOL decline in older Americans with comorbid conditions. Policies/ interventions to enhance resiliency represent a viable strategy for mitigating racial disparities in overall wellbeing and improving health outcomes in aging Americans.
SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF FRAILTY TRAJECTORIES AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN SWITZERLAND (2004–2020)
Authors: Cheng Mengling 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Frailty in old age is a major public health challenge. Frail older adults are at higher risk of adverse health outcomes and in greater needs for health services as compared to non-frail older adults. An emerging perspective views frailty as a dynamic process and older adults are likely to transition to improved frailty status. However, little is known about the socioeconomic determinants of frailty trajectories over the later life course. This study investigated how frailty evolves and transitions over time and how socioeconomic status impacts frailty trajectories. Data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe 2004-2020 (N=4,621 adults aged 50-105 in Switzerland) were analyzed. Fried’s phenotype was used to operationalize frailty. Changes in frailty status at a 2-year interval were used to identify frailty trajectories. Growth curve models were performed to investigate how age, sex, education, occupation, and income determined frailty trajectories over the later life course. This study had three findings. First, three frailty states were identified: non-frail, pre-frail, and frail. Second, five frailty trajectories were identified: stable frail, worsening, mixed, improving, and stable non-frail. Third, individuals aged 65 and above, women, and socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals had a higher risk of being stable frail and having a worsening frailty trajectory. Findings indicate that frailty intervention programs in Switzerland need to prioritize individuals in middle age and old age, women, and individuals with lower socioeconomic status to tackle the challenge of frailty.
ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER CHINESE ADULTS
Authors: Wei Wenxing , Townsend Aloen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Prior research has shown a significant effect from adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to depressive symptoms in later adulthood, but there is very limited research on this relationship in China. This study examines the relationship between multiple childhood adversity indicators (childhood abuse, bullying victimization, and witnessing violence) and depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and older adults by gender. The study was based on a nationally representative sample of 10,371 participants aged 45 and older collected through the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Childhood adversity indicators in the 2014 Life History Survey were merged with the harmonized 2018 CHARLS dataset. Structural equation modeling was conducted separately for males and females because the measurement model was not invariant by gender. Childhood abuse was not a significant predictor for either gender but bullying victimization and witnessing violence were significant. Witnessing violence was a stronger predictor for females (gamma = .15, p &lt; .001) than for males (gamma = .08, p &lt; .05). For both groups, childhood adversity variables together accounted for 6% variance in depressive symptoms. Experiences of being bullied in school and community and witnessing violence in the family were still influential in middle and late life. Figuring out what role ACEs are playing and how to deal with their effects are vital to providing more effective prevention and interventions. Further investigations are required, for example, regarding the mechanisms behind the significant relationships and why childhood abuse was not a significant predictor among this Chinese sample.
AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE ON GOAL SETTING AND INTERDISCIPLINARY COLLABORATION WITHIN REABLEMENT PROGRAMS
Authors: Buma Lise , Tuntland Hanne , Zwakhalen Sandra , Metzelthin Silke 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Over the last two decades, reablement has been studied and implemented in more than 16 countries. It is a person-centred approach aiming to enhance individuals’ (physical) functioning and increase or maintain their independence in meaningful activities. Goal setting and interdisciplinary collaboration are identified as important key elements of reablement. Due to limited intervention descriptions in the scientific literature, it is not clear how these two elements are applied in practice. This hinders the uptake of reablement services among healthcare care providers on national and international level. This study aimed to provide insight into: (1) goal setting; and (2) interdisciplinary collaboration within reablement programs. Therefore, a qualitative study in Norway and the Netherlands was conducted. In both countries, reablement staff (n=14) was interviewed. Data was analysed using both deductive and inductive content analysis. To increase rigor in terms of credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability; member checking, uniform data collection methods, note-taking, and direct quotations were used to analyse and present the data in this study. These focus groups resulted in, on the one hand, a clear overview of procedures regarding goal setting, treatment and evaluation methods, and on the other hand, valuable insights into staff experiences regarding interdisciplinary collaboration. In addition, facilitators and barriers for the implementation of goal setting and interdisciplinary collaboration in reablement programs were identified. This study resulted in valuable knowledge for healthcare providers to effectively implement reablement in practice.
HOW ELDERLY PEOPLE INTERACT AFTER THEIR RETIREMENT WITH THE COVID-19 ERA IN JAPAN
Authors: Yokota Fumihiko , Nishikitani Mariko , Tucker Gretchen , Bradley Dana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, little is still known about how older Japanese people socialize after retirement. This paper aims to describe the dynamics of social interactions in post-retirement older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. From January to March 2021, we interviewed 17 Japanese elderly people in Fukuoka and Ehime who were over 65 and have already retired. Face-to-face Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. After the initial transcripts were translated from Japanese to English, we checked the transcripts for accuracy and coded for analysis. The participant’s mean age was 71 years old while their retirement’s mean age was 60 years old. Only one participant had full retirement while the rest were partial retired which they continued to work as part-time workers either with new employers or with the same employers. All participants reported that their social interaction became estranged after retirement, and disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, participants communicated online and/or interacted face-to-face with (1) neighboring people as a member of community association or volunteers, (2) ex-work colleagues, (3) old schoolmate, (4) their children and/or grand-children, (5) friends with the same hobbies. Following factors that may affect the interactive behavior of Japanese older people were identified; (1) Japan’s healthcare policy and pension system, (2) individual’s socio-economic status, (3) family structure and living arrangement, (4) community’s characteristics, (5) individual’s psychological, cognitive and health status, and (7) individual’s personality. Comparisons of social interactions between Japanese and US older adults will be important to find new knowledge for preventing social isolation.
LEVEL OF OBSTACLES BETWEEN WORK AND CARE PROVISION AND LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG JAPANESE WORKING FAMILY CAREGIVERS
Authors: Honda Ayumi , Liu Yin , Fauth Elizabeth , Honda Sumihisa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to examine whether facing obstacles between work and care provision (work/care obstacles) is a risk factor for life satisfaction and explore whether it moderates the association between care burden and life satisfaction among Japanese working family caregivers.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 141 working family caregivers aged less than 65 years who were living with an older care recipient. We fit a multiple logistic regression model to examine the main and moderating effect of work/care obstacles on life satisfaction, in the context of care burdens.

Results
Facing work/care obstacles had a main effect on life satisfaction among employed family caregivers. Furthermore, work/care obstacles exacerbated the association between caregiver burden and life satisfaction. As for the family caregivers who did not experience work/care obstacles, the risk of poor life satisfaction did not differ regardless of number of caregiver burdens. In contrary, the family caregivers who experienced work/care obstacles and had 2 or more caregiver burdens had a poor life satisfaction (odds rations = 5.5, 95% confidence intervals = [1.97, 15.43]) compared with those who had 1 or less caregiver burden.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that obstacles between work and family was a risk factor for poor life satisfaction for employed individuals in Japan caring for an older relative. Mitigating such obstacles may be important for job retention, given the growing number of older adults in Japan. Key words Facing obstacles between work and care provision, family caregiver, life satisfaction, well-being, work–life adaptation
SOCIOECONOMIC GRADIENTS IN DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Verma Mansi , Kobayashi Lindsay 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders throughout the globe with an estimated 300 million people affected worldwide. Socioeconomic status may influence depression risk, due to its status as a critical influencing factor for health-related issues as well as serving as a barrier for healthy aging. The objective of this analysis was to examine the presence of socioeconomic gradients in depressive symptoms among older adults in Agincourt, a low-income rural region of South Africa. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline interview data from 2014/2015 for 5,059 participants aged ≥40 in the population-representative Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI). Household wealth was assessed as quintiles of an asset-based index, including ownership of assets such as housing materials, electricity, piped water, vehicles, and technological goods. Household per capita consumption on food, healthcare, leisure activities, and other goods was also assessed as quintiles. The presence of depressive symptoms was measured and categorized using the 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. We used multivariable adjusted logistic regression to examine the association between household wealth and household consumption quintiles and depression. In this study population, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 17%. We observed no significant trends between household wealth, household consumption and depression (p=0.11 for both exposures). Depressive symptoms are not socioeconomically graded among older, rural South Africa adults. The high prevalence of depressive symptoms within the region should be considered as a public health concern.
THE ROLES OF COLATEC SOCIAL DANCING IN HEALTHY AGING AMONG KOREAN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Lee Milae , Wu Xingxing , Payne Laura 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Leisure activities can contribute to healthy aging (An et al., 2022). However, little research exists on leisure activities with soft stigma (Kraus, 2010). Yet, social dancing in Colatec (i.e., Korean daytime discos for older adults) is becoming more popular among older Koreans. Using qualitative methods, we examined how Colatec social dancing affects Korean older adults’ healthy aging. Thirteen participants aged 60 to 75 who regularly social dance at Colatecs voluntarily participated in an in-depth semi-structured interview that lasted between 45 to 75 minutes. The audiotaped interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed following interpretive phenomenological analysis (Smith & Osborn, 2003). Trustworthiness was assessed with member checking and researcher triangulation. Results revealed that although it is still culturally stigmatized, Colatec social dancing was essential for participants’ healthy aging. Participants perceived numerous benefits from social dancing that motivated their enduring engagement, despite the risks of the social stigma associated with Colatec dancing. Themes that emerged included: 1) Exercise from social dancing alleviated stress and depressive feelings associated with negative life events; 2) Colatec dancing boosted many participants’ self-esteem, enhancing their overall wellbeing; and 3) Meaningful social connections were developed among participants. Findings align with existing literature on how moderate physical activity contributes to older adults’ health (Bauman et al., 2016). Moreover, leisure serves as a social lubricant and enhances healthy aging (Mitas et al., 2011). Lastly, perceived by participants as a “playground”, Colatec affords older Koreans a space for engaging leisure activity which facilitated their healthy aging process (Heo et al., 2018).