bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of promoter elements of the germ cell‐specific proacrosin gene
Authors: Schulten Hans‐Jürgen , Nayernia Karim , Reim Kerstin , Engel Wolfgang , Burfeind Peter 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe testis‐specific proacrosin gene encodes for a fertilization‐promoting protein. In mouse and rat it is first transcribed in late pachytene spermatocytes and revealed to be translationally regulated. Former proacrosin promoter studies demonstrated that elements necessary for conducting a stage and temporal‐specific expression of the gene are located within 0.9 kb upstream of the translational start codon. In the present study we analyzed putative cis‐acting elements located in this promoter region for their specific binding properties to nuclear factors assumed to be involved in proacrosin gene regulation. Supplement of specific antibodies in electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) revealed that two Y‐box proteins and the transcription factors CREM and YY1 interact with proacrosin promoter elements. The Y‐box proteins, antigenically related to the frog Y‐box proteins FRGY1 and FRGY2, bound to the Y‐box (55–66 bp upstream of the ATG initiation codon) in brain and testis nuclear extracts, respectively. CREM bound to three elements (30–37, 252–259, and 717–724 bp upstream of ATG). The ubiquitous transcription factor YY1 bound to a conserved element in the central proacrosin promoter (457–473 bp upstream of ATG) and showed almost germ cell‐specific truncates in EMSA. These results suggest that the identified factors are involved in proacrosin gene regulation. J. Cell. Biochem. 83: 155–162, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase Cβ1 expression is not linked to nerve growth factor‐induced differentiation, cell survival or cell cycle control in PC12 rat pheocromocytoma cells
Authors: Bortul Roberta , Aluigi Michela , Tazzari Pier Luigi , Tabellini Giovanna , Baldini Giovanna , Bareggi Renato , Narducci Paola , Martelli Alberto M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRecent reports have highlighted that phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase Cβ1 expression is linked to neuronal differentiation in different experimental models. We sought to determine whether or not this is also true for nerve growth factor (NGF)‐induced neuronal differentiation of rat PC12 cells. However, we did not find differences in the expression of both the forms of phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase Cβ1 (a and b) during sympathetic differentiation of these cells. Also, PC12 cell clones stably overexpressing phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase Cβ1 were not more susceptible to the differentiating effect of NGF. Furthermore, since it is well established that phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase Cβ1 affects cell proliferation, we investigated whether or not PC12 cell clones stably overexpressing phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase Cβ1 showed differences in survival to serum deprivation and cell cycle, when compared to wild type cells. Nevertheless, we did not find any differences in these parameters between wild type cells and the overexpressing clones. Interestingly, in PC12 cells the overexpressed phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase Cβ1 did not localize to the nucleus, but by immunofluorescence analysis, was detected in the cytoplasm. Therefore, our findings may represent another important clue to the fact that only when it is located within the nucleus phosphoinositide‐specific phospholipase Cβ1 is able to influence cell proliferation. J. Cell. Biochem. 84: 56–67, 2002. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of bifurcation in the bond shifting of cyclooctatetraene
Authors: Castaño Obis , Palmeiro Raúl , Frutos Luis Manuel , Luisandrés José 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe present study of the cyclooctatetraene potential energy surface shows the presence of a bifurcation (valley ridge inflection point) in the intrinsic reaction coordinate path between the two transition states of D8h and D4h symmetries. This result is of capital importance for the correct understanding of the bond shifting and ring inversion processes in this compound. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 732–736, 2002
Relativistic energy‐consistent pseudopotentials—Recent developments
Authors: Stoll Hermann , Metz Bernhard , Dolg Michael 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe direct adjustment of two‐component pseudopotentials (scalar‐relativistic + spin‐orbit potentials), to atomic total energy valence spectra derived from four‐component multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock all‐electron calculations based on the Dirac–Coulomb–Breit Hamiltonian, has been made a routine tool for an efficient treatment of heavy main‐group elements. Both large‐core (nsp valence shell) and small‐core ((n − 1)spd nsp valence shell) potentials have been generated for all the post‐d elements of groups 13–17. At the example of lead and bismuth compounds (PbHal, BiH, BiO, BiHal (Hal = F, Cl, Br, I)), we show how small‐core and large‐core potentials can be combined in accurate, yet computationally economic, spin‐free‐state‐shifted relativistic electronic structure calculations of molecular ground and excited states. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 767–778, 2002
Spin‐orbit coupling of DFT/MRCI wavefunctions: Method, test calculations, and application to thiophene
Authors: Kleinschmidt Martin , Tatchen Jörg , Marian Christel M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDuring the past decade the one‐center mean‐field approximation has proven to be a very appropriate framework for the accurate description of spin‐orbit effects at the correlated all‐electron level. Here, a new efficient code, SPOCK, is introduced that calculates spin‐orbit matrix elements in the one‐center mean‐field approximation for multireference CI wave functions. For the first time, the computation of spin‐dependent interactions within a Kohn‐Sham orbital based CI (DFT/MRCI) scheme1 is made possible. The latter approach is suitable for large scale systems with up to 100–200 valence electrons. Test calculations are performed on well‐known diatomic molecules and the thiocarbonyl pyranthione. Spin‐orbit matrix elements show good agreement with their Hartree‐Fock orbital based counterparts but are obtained at considerably lower expense, thus demonstrating the power of the method. As an application singlet‐triplet couplings in thiophene are investigated that are important for the photophysics and photochemistry. Spin‐orbit matrix elements between all π → π* excited states are found to be small. Considerably larger spin‐orbit matrix elements are observed only for cases in which π → σ* excited configurations are involved. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 824–833, 2002
Calculation of stacking geometries by a modified MM2 method
Authors: Kamishima Mayumi , Kojima Masaaki , Yoshikawa Yuzo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe MM2 method has been modified using a three‐center charge model aimed at determining stacking geometries. The stacking interactions for the benzene dimer, porphine dimer, and bis(4,5‐diazafluoren‐9‐one thiosemicarbazonato)palladium(II) have been assessed with both the three‐center charge model and the conventional single‐center charge model using the MM2 method. The modified MM2 method always gave better results than the conventional method, and the obtained structures by the former method are in good agreement with the proposed structures from those theoretical and experimental results. The possible advantages of using the three‐center charge model for complex systems are also discussed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 835–845, 2001
Real‐time identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa direct from clinical samples using a rapid extraction method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Authors: Jaffe Richard I. , Lane Janae D. , Bates Christopher W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as one of the most problematic Gram‐negative nosocomial pathogens. Bacteremia caused by P. aeruginosa is clinically indistinguishable from other Gram‐negative infections although the mortality rate is higher. This microorganism is also inherently resistant to common antibiotics. Standard bacterial identification and susceptibility testing is normally a 48‐hour process and difficulty sometimes exists in rapidly and accurately identifying antimicrobial resistance. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a rapid and simple process for the amplification of target DNA sequences. However, many sample preparation methods are unsuitable for the clinical laboratory because they are not cost effective, take too long to perform, or do not provide a good template for PCR. Our goal was to provide same‐day results to facilitate rapid diagnosis. In this report, we have utilized our rapid DNA extraction method to generate bacterial DNA direct from clinical samples for PCR. The lower detection level for P. aeruginosa was estimated to be 10 CFU/ml. In addition, we wanted to compare the results of a new rapid‐cycle DNA thermocycler that uses continuous fluorescence monitoring with the results of standard thermocycling. We tested 40 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and 18 non‐P. aeruginosa isolates received in a blinded fashion. Coded data revealed that there was 100% correlation in both the rapid‐cycle DNA thermocycling and standard thermocycling when compared to standard clinical laboratory results. In addition, total results turn‐around time was less than 1 hour. Specific identification of P. aeruginosa was determined using intragenic primer sets for bacterial 16S rRNA and Pseudomonas outer‐membrane lipoprotein gene sequences. The total cost of our extraction method and PCR was $2.22 per sample. The accuracy and rapidness of this DNA‐extraction method, with its PCR‐based identification system, make it an ideal candidate for use in the clinical laboratory. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 15:131–137, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction: A practical approach
Authors: Markoulatos P. , Siafakas N. , Moncany M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractConsiderable time and effort can be saved by simultaneously amplifying multiple sequences in a single reaction, a process referred to as multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Multiplex PCR requires that primers lead to amplification of unique regions of DNA, both in individual pairs and in combinations of many primers, under a single set of reaction conditions. In addition, methods must be available for the analysis of each individual amplification product from the mixture of all the products. Multiplex PCR is becoming a rapid and convenient screening assay in both the clinical and the research laboratory. The development of an efficient multiplex PCR usually requires strategic planning and multiple attempts to optimize reaction conditions. For a successful multiplex PCR assay, the relative concentration of the primers, concentration of the PCR buffer, balance between the magnesium chloride and deoxynucleotide concentrations, cycling temperatures, and amount of template DNA and Taq DNA polymerase are important. An optimal combination of annealing temperature and buffer concentration is essential in multiplex PCR to obtain highly specific amplification products. Magnesium chloride concentration needs only to be proportional to the amount of dNTP, while adjusting primer concentration for each target sequence is also essential. The list of various factors that can influence the reaction is by no means complete. Optimization of the parameters discussed in the present review should provide a practical approach toward resolving the common problems encountered in multiplex PCR (such as spurious amplification products, uneven or no amplification of some target sequences, and difficulties in reproducing some results). Thorough evaluation and validation of new multiplex PCR procedures is essential. The sensitivity and specificity must be thoroughly evaluated using standardized purified nucleic acids. Where available, full use should be made of external and internal quality controls, which must be rigorously applied. As the number of microbial agents detectable by PCR increases, it will become highly desirable for practical purposes to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple agents that cause similar or identical clinical syndromes and/or share similar epidemiological features. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:47–51, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ganglioside agglutination immunoassay for rapid detection of autoantibodies in immune&hyphen;mediated neuropathy
Authors: Alaedini Armin , Wirguin Itzhak , Latov Norman 
Published: August 2002

AbstractElevated levels of serum autoantibodies directed against gangliosides are closely associated with acute and chronic autoimmune neuropathies. An agglutination immunoassay using polystyrene microparticles coated with a total extract of brain gangliosides was used to test patient sera for the presence of anti&hyphen;ganglioside antibodies. Results were compared with those obtained by ELISA for anti&hyphen;GM1 and anti&hyphen;GQ1b ganglioside antibodies. Eight of the twelve sera from patients with multifocal motor neuropathy and seven of the thirteen sera from patients with Guillain&hyphen;Barr&eacute; syndrome were positive for the presence of anti&hyphen;ganglioside antibodies by the ganglioside agglutination immunoassay. The assay compared favorably with the ELISA system in sensitivity and specificity, while requiring a fraction of the time and cost to perform. The new assay can serve as a rapid and effective method for detecting or screening for anti&hyphen;ganglioside antibodies in patients with acute or chronic immune&hyphen;mediated neuropathies. It would be particularly useful for detecting antibodies that react with multiple gangliosides, or with minor or as yet uncharacterized gangliosides. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 15:96&ndash;99, 2001. &copy; 2001 Wiley&hyphen;Liss, Inc.
Guidelines for enhancing homework compliance
Authors: Tompkins Michael A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe ability to enhance compliance with therapeutic tasks such as homework may be a crucial therapeutic skill that determines the success of psychotherapy in real‐world clinical settings. This article presents guidelines for enhancing homework compliance through careful attention to: features of homework assignments, such as whether they are meaningful and doable and include a clear rationale and backup plan; and the therapist's manner when developing and reviewing homework assignments, such as whether that therapist is curious, collaborative, and reinforces all behavior that supports the homework's purposes. Clinical examples are used to illustrate the application of the guidelines. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session 58: 565–576, 2002
Pretreatment correlates of the therapeutic bond
Authors: Saunders Stephen M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study examined the association between pretreatment client characteristics and the therapeutic bond, which is defined as the emotional aspect of the therapeutic alliance. Three types of interpersonal problems and four indicators of emotional distress were measured and compared to the therapeutic bond and its subscales (role investment, empathic resonance, and mutual affirmation) measured early in treatment. Interpersonal problems related to being overly detached were associated with a poorer quality bond and, in particular, with a tendency to feel as if the therapist does not understand what the client is thinking and feeling (lower empathic resonance). Higher levels of distress were correlated negatively with the therapeutic bond. Analyses indicated that interpersonal problems were better predictors of the bond than was distress. The relevance of these findings for practitioners is discussed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 1339–1352, 2001.
Who benefits most from a broadly targeted prevention program? Differential efficacy across populations in the Teen Outreach program
Authors: Allen Joseph P. , Philliber Susan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study examined a highly successful, well‐documented, national program to prevent teenage pregnancy and school failure—the Teen Outreach program—to address a fundamental question: How well can a developmentally focused, broadly targeted prevention program address the needs of those students within the program who are at the highest risk of problematic behavior. The hypothesis that the developmental focus of a broadly targeted intervention would lead it to have greater program efficacy among those young people who began the program at greatest risk was examined with multisite data collected on more than 3,300 Teen Outreach and comparison group students. Results confirmed prior findings regarding the overall efficacy of the Teen Outreach program, and indicated that the program appeared most effective for those students at greatest initial risk of the problem behaviors being targeted. Implications for the targeting of the Teen Outreach program specifically and of similar primary prevention programs more generally are discussed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Extracellular matrix regulates induction of alkaline phosphatase expression by ascorbic acid in human fibroblasts
Authors: Abe Tatsuya , Abe Yukiko , Aida Yoshitomi , Hara Yoshitaka , Maeda Katsumasa 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDuring wound healing and inflammation, fibroblasts express elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP), but are not in contact with collagen fibrils in the fibronectin (FN)‐rich granulation tissue. We hypothesized that the extracellular matrix (ECM) environment might influence the induction of ALP in fibroblasts. Here we tested this hypothesis by studying the ALP‐inductive response of normal human gingival fibroblasts to ascorbic acid (AsA). AsA induced ALP activity and protein in cells in conventional monolayer culture. This induction was inhibited by blocking‐antibodies to the FN receptor α5β1 integrin and by the proline analog 3,4‐dehydroproline (DHP). DHP prevented cells from arranging FN fibrils into a pericellular network and reduced the activity of cell spreading on FN. Plating of cells on FN facilitated the up‐regulation by AsA of ALP expression, but did not substitute for AsA. In contrast, AsA did not cause ALP induction in cells cultured on and in polymerized type I collagen gels. Collagen fibrils inhibited the up‐regulation by AsA of ALP expression in cells plated on FN. These results indicate that the ECM regulates the induction of ALP expression by AsA in fibroblasts: FN enables them to express ALP in response to AsA through interaction with integrin α5β1, whereas type I collagen fibrils cause the suppression of ALP expression and overcome FN. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidence for a physiological role for membrane rafts in human platelets
Authors: Gousset Karine , Wolkers Willem F. , Tsvetkova Nelly M. , Oliver Ann E. , Field Cara L. , Walker Naomi J. , Crowe John H. , Tablin Fern 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe have investigated raft formation in human platelets in response to cell activation. Lipid phase separation and domain formation were detected using the fluorescent dye 1,1′‐dioctadecyl‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethyl‐indocarbocyanine perchlorate (diI‐C18) that preferentially partitions into gel‐like lipid domains. We showed that when human platelets are activated by cold and physiological agonists, rafts coalesce into visible aggregates. These events were disrupted by depletion of membrane cholesterol. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we measured a thermal phase transition at around 30°C in intact platelets, which we have assigned as the liquid‐ordered to the liquid‐disordered phase transition of rafts. Phase separation of the phospholipid and the sphingomyelin‐enriched rafts could be observed as two phase transitions at around 15 and 30°C, respectively. The higher transition, assigned to the rafts, was greatly enhanced with removal of membrane cholesterol. Detergent‐resistant membranes (DRMs) were enriched in cholesterol (50%) and sphingomyelin (20%). The multi‐functional platelet receptor CD36 selectively partitioned into DRMs, whereas the GPI‐linked protein CD55 and the major platelet integrin αIIbβ3a did not, which suggests that the clustering of proteins within rafts is a regulated process dependent on specific lipid protein interactions. We suggest that raft aggregation is a dynamic, reversible physiological event triggered by cell activation. J. Cell. Physiol. 190: 117–128, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of Id family proteins in growth control
Authors: Yokota Yoshifumi , Mori Seiichi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractId proteins (inhibitors of DNA binding/differentiation) are negative regulators of basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) type transcription factors, which promote the differentiation of various cell types. In addition to their “classical” ability to inhibit cell differentiation, they are able to stimulate cell cycle progression. These facts suggest that Id proteins play a role in keeping precursor cells immature and in expanding the cell population size during development. In vitro as well as in vivo analyses in the last several years have shown that Id proteins have more complex activities; they induce apoptosis or function as survival factors, depending on the cell context. Furthermore, dysregulated expression of Id proteins has been reported in several human tumors and seems to be related to the malignant character of tumors. Here, we summarize and discuss the biological activities of Id proteins from the standpoint of cell growth control. J. Cell. Physiol. 190: 21–28, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of α‐smooth muscle actin and CRBP‐1 expression by retinoic acid and TGF‐β in cultured fibroblasts
Authors: Xu Guoxiong , Bochaton‐Piallat Marie‐Luce , Andreutti Daniele , Low Robert B. , Gabbiani Giulio , Neuville Pascal 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe have reported that Cellular Retinol Binding Protein‐1 (CRBP‐1) is expressed de novo during skin wound healing by a proportion of fibroblastic cells which then differentiate into myofibroblasts and express α‐smooth muscle actin. In fibroblasts cultured from different tissues we have shown that α‐smooth muscle actin expression, mainly controlled by Transforming Growth Factor‐β (TGF‐β), is also regulated by retinoic acid and that CRBP‐1, known to be a retinoic acid‐responsive gene, is modulated by TGF‐β. The aim of the present study has been to investigate the relationships between retinoic acid and TGF‐β in regulating the expression of CRBP‐1 and α‐smooth muscle actin in cultured rat subcutaneous tissue fibroblasts. We have observed that the TGF‐β‐induced, but not the retinoic acid‐induced, α‐smooth muscle actin expression is associated with a modulation of endogenous TGF‐β and TGF‐β receptors, suggesting that the action of retinoic acid on α‐smooth muscle actin expression is not mediated by TGF‐β. The expression of CRBP‐1 is regulated at the transcriptional level by TGF‐β and retinoic acid but not synergistically, suggesting a possible common pathway. However, retinoic acid, but not TGF‐β, increases the transcription of a transiently transfected chimeric construct containing the retinoic acid response element of the CRBP‐1 promoter, indicating that TGF‐β does not influence CRBP‐1 through the retinoic acid pathway. Our results indicate that distinct pathways regulate the genes involved in the appearance and evolution of the myofibroblastic cells. The characterization of these pathways will be helpful for the design of drugs influencing wound healing. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.