bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellular and Transcriptional Signature of the Nasal Mucosa is Associated with Susceptibility to Pneumococcal Carriage in Older Adults
Authors: Urban Britta C. , Gonçalves André N. A. , Loukov Dessi , Passos Fernando M. , Reiné Jesús , Gonzalez-Dias Patrícia , Solórzano-Gonzalez Carla , Mitsi Elena , Nikolaou Elissavet , O’Connor Daniel , Collins Andrea M. , Adler Hugh , Rylance Jamie , Gordon Stephen B. , Jochems Simon P. , Nakaya Helder I. , Ferreira Daniela M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniaecolonization in the upper respiratory tract is linked to pneumococcal disease development, predominantly affecting the very young and older adults. As the global population ages and comorbidities increase, there is a heightened concern about this infection. We investigated the immunological responses of older adults to pneumococcal controlled human infection by analysing the cellular composition and gene expression in the nasal mucosa. Our comparative analysis with younger adults revealed distinct gene expression patterns in older individuals susceptible to colonization, highlighted by neutrophil activation and elevated levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10. Unlike younger adults challenged with pneumococcus, older adults did not show recruitment of monocytes into the nasal mucosa following nasal colonization. These findings suggest age-associated cellular changes, in particular enhanced mucosal inflammation, that may predispose older adults to pneumococcal colonization. If similar changes are observed in the lung of susceptible older adults, these may explain the increased risk of pneumococcal disease in vulnerable populations.
Longitudinal changes in DNA methylation associated with clozapine use in treatment-resistant schizophrenia from two international cohorts
Authors: Gillespie Amy L. , Walker Emma M. , Hannon Eilis , McQueen Grant , Sendt Kyra-Verena , Avila Alessia , Lally John , Okhuijsen-Pfeifer Cynthia , van der Horst Marte , Hasan Alkomiet , Dempster Emma L. , Burrage Joe , Bogers Jan , Cohen Dan , Boks Marco P. , Egerton Alice , Luykx Jurjen J. , Mill Jonathan , MacCabe James H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe second-generation antipsychotic clozapine is used as a medication for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. It has previously been associated with epigenetic changes in pre-clinical rodent models and cross-sectional studies of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Cross-sectional studies are susceptible to confounding, however, and cannot disentangle the effects of diagnosis and medication. We therefore profiled DNA methylation in sequential blood samples (n=126) from two independent cohorts of patients (n=38) with treatment-resistant schizophrenia spectrum disorders who commenced clozapine after study enrolment and were followed up for up to six months. We identified significant non-linear changes in cell-type proportion estimates derived from DNA methylation data - specifically B-cells - associated with time on clozapine. Mixed effects regression models were used to identify changes in DNA methylation at specific sites associated with time on clozapine, identifying 37 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) (p < 5×10−5) in a linear model and 90 DMPs in a non-linear quadratic model. We compared these results to data from our previous epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) meta-analysis of psychosis, finding evidence that many previously identified DMPs associated with schizophrenia and treatment-resistant schizophrenia might reflect exposure to clozapine. In conclusion, our results indicate that clozapine exposure is associated with changes in DNA methylation and cellular composition. Our study shows that medication effects might confound many case-control studies of neuropsychiatric disorders performed in blood.
A transgenerational mutational signature from ionizing radiation exposure
Authors: Brand Fabian , Klinkhammer Hannah , Knaus Alexej , Holtgrewe Manuel , Weinhold Leonie , Beule Dieter , Ludwig Kerstin , Kothiyal Prachi , Maxwell George , Noethen Markus , Schmid Matthias , Sperling Karl , Krawitz Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe existence of transgenerational effects of accidental radiation exposure on the human germline remains controversial. Evidence for transgenerational biomarkers are of particular interest for populations, who have been exposed to higher than average levels of ionizing radiation (IR). This study investigated signatures of parental exposure to IR in offspring of former German radar operators and Chernobyl cleanup workers, focusing on clustered de novo mutations (cDNMs), defined as multiple de novo mutations (DNMs) within 20 bp. We recruited 110 offspring of former German radar operators, who were likely to have been exposed to IR (Radar cohort, exposure = 0-353 mGy), and reanalyzed sequencing data of 130 offspring of Chernobyl cleanup workers (CRU, exposure = 0-4,080 mGy) from Yeager, et al. In addition, we analyzed whole genome trio data of 1,275 offspring from unexposed families (Inova cohort). We observed on average 2.65 cDNMs (0.61 adjusted for the positive predictive value (PPV)) per offspring in the CRU cohort, 1.48 (0.34 PPV) in the Radar cohort and 0.88 (0.20 PPV) in the Inova cohort. This represented a significant increase (p< 0.005) of cDNMs counts, that scaled with paternal exposure to IR (p< 0.001). Our findings corroborate that cDNMs represent a transgenerational biomarker of paternal IR exposure.
Is Catheter Ablation Associated with Preservation of Cognitive Function? An Analysis From the SAGE-AF Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Srichawla Bahadar S. , Hamel Alexander P. , Cook Philip , Aleyadeh Rozaleen , Lessard Darleen , Otabil Edith M. , Mehawej Jordy , Saczynski Jane S. , McManus David D. , Moonis Majaz 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo examine the associations between catheter ablation treatment (CA) versus medical management and cognitive impairment among older adults with atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsAmbulatory patients who had AF, were ≥ 65-years-old, and were eligible to receive oral anticoagulation could be enrolled into the SAGE (Systematic Assessment of Geriatric Elements)-AF study from internal medicine and cardiology clinics in Massachusetts and Georgia between 2016 and 2018. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool at baseline, one-, and two years. Cognitive impairment was defined as a MoCA score ≤ 23. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression of longitudinal repeated measures was used to examine associations between treatment with CA vs. medical management and cognitive impairment.Results887 participants were included in this analysis. On average, participants were 75.2 ± 6.7 years old, 48.6% women, and 87.4% white non-Hispanic. 193 (21.8%) participants received a CA before enrollment. Participants who had previously undergone CA were significantly less likely to be cognitively impaired during the two-year study period (aOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.50-0.97) than those medically managed (i.e., rate and/or rhythm control), even after adjusting with propensity score for CA. At the two-year follow-up a significantly greater number of individuals in the non-CA group were cognitively impaired (MoCA ≤ 23) compared to the CA-group (311 [44.8%] vs. 58 [30.1%],p=0.0002).ConclusionsIn this two-year longitudinal prospective cohort study participants who underwent CA for AF before enrollment were less likely to have cognitive impairment than those who had not undergone CA.
Disentangling abiotic and biotic effects of treated wastewater on stream biofilm resistomes enables the discovery of a new planctomycete beta-lactamase
Authors: Attrah Mustafa , Schärer Milo R. , Esposito Mauro , Gionchetta Giulia , Bürgmann Helmut , Lens Piet N.L. , Fenner Kathrin , van de Vossenberg Jack , Robinson Serina L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntibiotic resistance, which is mediated by environmental reservoirs, poses a threat to human and animal health. Aquatic biofilms impacted by treated wastewater (WW) are known environmental reservoirs for antibiotic resistance, however the specific influence of biotic factors and abiotic factors from WW on the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) within aquatic biofilms remains unclear. Additionally, experimental evidence is limited as to whether genes with low sequence similarity to reference ARGs actually encode for functional ARGs, particularly within complex aquatic microbial communities.ResultsTo disentangle the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on ARG abundances, natural biofilms were previously grown in flume systems with different proportions of stream water and either ultrafiltered or nonultrafiltered WW. In this study, we conducted deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing of 75 biofilm, stream, and WW samples from these flume systems and compared the taxonomic and functional microbiome and resistome composition. Statistical analysis revealed an alignment of the resistome and microbiome composition and a significant association with experimental treatment. Several ARG classes exhibited an increase in metagenomic abundances in biofilms grown with increasing percentages of nonultrafiltered WW. In contrast, sulfonamide and BEL family beta-lactamase ARGs showed greater abundances in biofilms grown in ultrafiltered WW compared to nonultrafiltered WW. Overall, our results pointed toward the dominance of biotic factors over abiotic factors in determining ARG abundances in WW-impacted stream biofilms and suggested gene family-specific mechanisms for ARGs which exhibited divergent abundance patterns. To investigate one of these specific ARG families experimentally, we biochemically characterized a new beta-lactamase from thePlanctomycetota(Phycisphaeraceae). This beta-lactamase displayed activity in the cleavage of cephalosporin analog despite sharing low sequence identity with known ARGs.ConclusionsThis discovery of a functional planctomycete beta-lactamase ARG is noteworthy, not only because it was the first beta-lactamase to be biochemically characterized from this phylum, but also because it was not detected by standard homology-based ARG tools. In summary, this study conducted metagenomic analysis on the relative importance of biotic and abiotic factors in the context of WW discharge and their impact on both known and new ARGs in aquatic biofilms.
Animal septins contain functional transmembrane domains
Authors: Perry Jenna A. , Werner Michael E. , Omi Shizue , Heck Bryan W. , Maddox Paul S. , Mavrakis Manos , Maddox Amy S. 
Published: November 2023

SummarySeptins, a conserved family of filament-forming proteins, contribute to eukaryotic cell division, polarity, and membrane trafficking. Septins scaffold other proteins to cellular membranes, but it is not fully understood how septins associate with membranes. We identified and characterized an isoform ofCaenorhabditis elegansseptin UNC-61 that was predicted to contain a transmembrane domain (TMD). The TMD isoform is expressed in a subset of tissues where the known septins were known to act, and TMD function was required for tissue integrity of the egg-laying apparatus. We found predicted TMD-containing septins across much of opisthokont phylogeny and demonstrated that the TMD-containing sequence of a primate TMD-septin is sufficient for localization to cellular membranes. Together, our findings reveal a novel mechanism of septin-membrane association with profound implications for septin dynamics and regulation.
Examining the structural relationships between perceived value, satisfaction and loyalty among disabled tourists in two world heritage sites
Authors: Moreno-Manzo Jessenia , Coromina Lluís , Gassiot-Melian Ariadna 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis study aims to explore the dimensions of perceived value of tourists with disabilities at heritage sites. Second, it examines the differences in the precedents of satisfaction and loyalty among tourists with disabilities in two different World Heritage Sites (WHS).Design/methodology/approachThe sample consists of 150 and 184 questionnaires given to tourists with disabilities in Ecuador’s WHS of Quito and Cuenca, respectively. To test the hypotheses, data were analysed using confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modelling.FindingsThis study suggests a five-dimensional structure for perceived value of tourists with disabilities in WHS. However, differences in the behaviour of people with disabilities are found depending on the specific WHS. While the perceived value factors that determine satisfaction are different according to the WHS, the loyalty precedents remain the same.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to the formulation of actions and strategies towards a more sustainable and inclusive future, where all tourism stakeholders in WHS have role. By understanding the behaviour of tourists with disabilities, these stakeholders will be more informed about the destinations’ elements that need to be improved and enhanced to satisfy this loyal market segment.Originality/valueAlthough the importance of accessible tourism is widely recognised, there is a dearth of literature investigating the behaviour of tourists with disabilities in heritage destinations. This study proposes a model to understand the role of perceived value in cultural heritage destinations.
Libraries in an era of constant flux: establishing smart libraries in South Africa
Authors: Modiba Thomas Mashilo , Chisita Collence Takaingenhamo 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The study aims to draw lessons from other countries and propose a framework for developing smart libraries in transformation in South Africa. The framework will be useful to policymakers and scholars in library and information science.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a qualitative approach based on a systematic literature review and the researchers’ experience concerning the transformation of smart libraries in South Africa. The researchers selected databases to access full-text, abstract or full-text linking facilities. The researchers generated the study’s literature review using keywords derived from themes. The keywords used include “smart libraries,” “functions of smart libraries” and “smart library infrastructure,” based on the objectives of the study.

Findings
The findings reveal that developing smart libraries in South Africa is feasible, but all stakeholders must cooperate and collaborate to create smart libraries. The findings of this study show that South Africa can draw lessons from other countries on the way forward in developing smart libraries. The results indicate that lack of funding, digital infrastructure and technical skills are among the factors inhibiting the development of smart libraries.

Originality/value
The issue of smart libraries has become a key on the agenda on a global scale, and South Africa is no exception to such developments. This study proposes a framework for developing smart libraries based on lessons learned within and outside South Africa.
Magneto-convective hybrid nanofluid slip flow over a moving inclined thin needle in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium with viscous dissipation
Authors: Hakeem A.K. Abdul , S. Priya , Bhose Ganga , Sivanandam Sivasankaran 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to provide that porous media and viscous dissipation are crucial considerations when working with hybrid nanofluids in various applications.Recent years have witnessed significant progress in optimizing these fluids for enhanced heat transfer within porous (Darcy–Forchheimer) structures, offering promising solutions for various industries seeking improved thermalmanagement and energy efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
The first step is to transform the original partial differential equations into a system of first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The fourth-order Runge–Kutta method is chosen for its accuracy in solving ODEs. The present study investigates the free convective boundary layer flow of hybrid nanofluids over a moving thin inclined needle with the slip flow brought about by inclined Lorentz force and Darcy–Forchheimer porous matrix, viscous dissipation.

Findings
It is found that slip conditions (velocity and Thermal) exist for a range of the natural convection boundary layer flow. In the hybrid nanofluid flow, which consists of Al2O3 and Fe3O4 are nanoparticles, H2O − C2H6O2 (50:50) are considered as the base fluid. The consequence of the governing parameter on the momentum and temperature profile distribution is graphically depicted. The range of the variables is 1 ≤ M ≤ 4, 1 ≤ d ≤ 2.5, 1 ≤ δ ≤ 4, 1 ≤ Fr ≤ 7, 1 ≤ Kr ≤ 7 and 0.5≤λ ≤ 3.5. The Nusselt number and skin friction factors are used to calculate the numerical values of various parameters, which are displayed in Table 4. These analyses elucidate that upsurges in the value of the Fr noticeably diminish the momentum and temperature. It is investigated to see if the contemporary results are in outstanding promise with the outcomes reported in earlier works.

Practical implications
The results can be very helpful to improve the energy efficiency of thermal systems.

Social implications
The hybrid nanofluids in heat transfer have the potential to improve the energy efficiency and performance of a wide range of systems.

Originality/value
This study proposes that in the combined effects of hybrid nanofluid properties, the inclined Lorentz force, the Darcy–Forchheimer model for porous media and viscous dissipation on the boundary layer flow of a conducting fluid over a moving thin inclined needle. Assessing the potential practical applications of the hybrid nanofluids in inclined needles, this could involve areas such as biomedical engineering, drug delivery systems or microfluidic devices. In future should explore the benefits and limitations of using hybrid nanofluids in these applications.
Tribological responses of steels to different surface films generated in oil lubricants
Authors: Cao Shoufan , Xu Zhang , Liang Yi , Mischler Stefano 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The aim of this study is to experimentally analyze the friction and wear responses of different steels to different surface films generated in oil-lubricated tribological contacts.

Design/methodology/approach
Tribological experiments were conducted using a 100Cr6 bearing ball sliding against a V155 carbon steel disk and 316L stainless steel disk, respectively. Lubricants with additives known to form zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphate (ZDDP) or Ca tribofilms were used.

Findings
Both of the ZDDP and Ca tribofilms helped stabilize the friction coefficient of the carbon steel and stainless steel. The ZDDP tribofilm could effectively protect the carbon steel from wear, in contrast to the stainless steel, whereas the wear of both carbon steel and stainless steel could be significantly reduced by the Ca tribofilm. In the case of neither ZDDP nor Ca tribofilms formation, the 100Cr6 ball was worn by the V155 disk and generated a special surface topography. A polishing wear mechanism was proposed to explain the wear of the 100Cr6 ball.

Originality/value
This study clearly shows the different friction and wear responses of steels to the different surface films and the response is dependent on the tested steel.
Revisiting long-run dynamics between financial inclusion and economic growth in developing nations: evidence from CS-ARDL approach
Authors: Mir Tariq Ahmad , Gopinathan R. , Joshi D.P. Priyadarshi 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the long-run dynamic relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth for developing nations.

Design/methodology/approach
This study develops a comprehensive financial inclusion index based on the UNDP methodology for 53 developing nations. The authors use second-generation unit root tests, cointegration techniques and an advanced dynamic common correlated effects estimator model called cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributed lags (CS-ARDL) to examine long-run dynamics among variables.

Findings
The tests confirm the presence of slope-heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependency. The second-generation panel unit root tests show the chosen variables are stationary at first difference. The bootstrap Westerlund cointegration result shows the variables are cointegrated in the long run. The CS-ARDL estimates conclude that financial inclusion positively enhances gross domestic product per capita in selected developing countries. The robustness check through augmented mean group estimation validates the findings.

Originality/value
The study makes three important contributions: first, it constructs a comprehensive financial inclusion index using 10 variables for a panel of 53 developing nations; second, the potential cross-section dependence and slope heterogeneity of panel data have been accounted for by applying the second-generation unit root tests; third, the study uses the dynamic common correlated effects estimator model (CS-ARDL) to examine long-run dynamics among variables.
Examining small bank failures in the United States: an analysis using (coarsened exact matching) CEM
Authors: Cebula Richard J. , Foley Maggie , Downs John , Johansen Douglas 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Bank failures are critical events that have far-reaching implications for the financial system and various stakeholders. This study aims to focus on analyzing the phenomenon of small bank failures in the USA.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts the coarsened exact matching (CEM) technique to enhance the reliability of the analysis. By matching similar observed characteristics, the CEM approach helps to address potential selectivity bias and facilitates a more accurate estimation of the treatment effect. This study uses a data set covering the period from 2000 through 2019 and includes 523 failed bank observations and 43,605 nonfailed bank observations.

Findings
The results reveal several key findings. Small banks, especially those with lower yields on earning assets, those with lower charge-offs on loans and leases, those with higher core capital ratios and those with higher Fed Funds rates are found to be more susceptible to failure.

Research limitations/implications
Some results align with initial predictions, whereas others present contrasting outcomes.

Practical implications
This study underscores the significance of understanding the factors contributing to bank failure and emphasizes the importance of studying small bank failures in particular.

Originality/value
This study uses the CEM method. CEM is a comprehensive approach that combines matching, sample trimming and reweighting techniques. When applying CEM, researchers carefully select a set of core variables to achieve balance between the treated and control groups. The CEM process involves discretizing each continuous variable into distinct bins or categories, a process known as “coarsening.” It then requires an exact match among these binned variables between the treated and control units, which constitutes the matching step in CEM.