bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of biopsy site in evaluating regression of gastric atrophy after Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment
Authors: Sugiyama T. , Sakaki N. , Kozawa H. , Sato R. , Fujioka T. , Satoh K. , Sugano K. , Sekine H. , Takagi A. , Ajioka Y. , Takizawa T. ,   For The H. Pylori Forum Gastritis Study Group
Published: March 2003

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of the progress of gastric glandular atrophy, a high‐risk background factor in the development of gastric cancer. Regression of gastric atrophy is critical to prevention of cancer by H. pylori eradication treatment. However, it is controversial whether gastric atrophy regresses after H. pylori eradication.Aim:To determine the most sensitive and appropriate biopsy site for evaluation of regression of atrophy after treatment.Subjects and methods:Thirty‐eight patients who showed regression of gastric atrophy in histology after treatment were investigated. Four biopsy specimens from the lesser and greater curvatures in the antrum and corpus were evaluated before and after treatment according to the Updated Sydney System.Results:Regression of atrophy after treatment was seen in 30 of 38 biopsy specimens from the lesser curvature of the corpus (79%), and this site was most sensitive. Odds ratio of this site to the others was 8.28. Regression of atrophy in this site was observed at 12.2 months in the younger patients and 15.9 months in the elder patients.Conclusion:Biopsy sampling from the lesser curvature of the corpus is the most sensitive and appropriate for evaluation of regression of gastric atrophy after H. pylori eradication treatment.
Triple therapy in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer disease: results of a multicentre study in South‐East Asia
Authors: Fock  , Chelvam  , Lim  ,   THE SOUTH‐EAST ASIA MULTICENTRE STUDY GROUP
Published: March 2003

Background: The efficacy of proton pump inhibitor based triple therapy in patients from South‐East Asia, where metronidazole resistance is reportedly high, has not been formally assessed in randomized, multicentre trials.Aim: To compare the eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori, ulcer healing rates and side‐effects of three regimens of omeprazole triple therapy in patients with duodenal ulcer from South‐East Asia and to study the impact of metronidazole resistance.Methods: A single blind, randomized parallel group, comparative multicentre study. A total of 246 patients from 15 centres in four South‐East Asian countries were randomized to receive OAC (omeprazole 20 mg b.d., amoxycillin 1 g b.d., clarithromycin 500 mg b.d.), OAM (omeprazole 20 mg b.d., amoxycillin 1 g b.d., metronidazole 400 mg b.d.) or OMC (omeprazole 20 mg b.d., metronidazole 400 mg b.d., clarithromycin 500 mg b.d.) for 7 days. After triple therapy, the patients were further randomized to receive either omeprazole or placebo for 7 days. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. Biopsies for culture and for histopathological examination for H. pylori were taken from corpus and antrum before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment.Results: The eradication rates were intention‐to‐treat/per protocol (95% CI): OAC 87% (79–94%)/94% (89–100%); OAM 80% (70–89%)/91% (83–98%); OMC 85% (77–93%)/94% (88–100%). The difference in eradication rates between the three groups was not statistically significant (P=0.419). Pre‐treatment metronidazole resistance, was found in 34% of isolates and was a significant prognostic factor in patients receiving OAM (odds ratio 5.26) but not in patients receiving OAC or OMC.Conclusions: All three treatment regimens were safe, well tolerated and highly effective for eradication of H. pylori and ulcer healing. Pre‐treatment metronidazole resistance reduced the efficacy of OAM but did not affect the efficacy of OMC.
Onset of symptom relief with rabeprazole: a community‐based, open‐label assessment of patients with erosive oesophagitis
Authors: Robinson M. , Fitzgerald S. , Hegedus R. , Murthy A. , Jokubaitis L. ,   (ON BEHALF OF THE FAST TRIAL INVESTIGATORS)
Published: March 2003

Background:In numerous clinical trials, proton pump inhibitors have demonstrated potent acid suppression and healing of erosive oesophagitis, as well as successful symptom relief for the entire spectrum of gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease.Aim:The `Future of Acid Suppression Therapy' (FAST) trial evaluated, in actual clinical practice, the timing of symptom relief, changes in symptom severity, health‐related quality of life and safety in endoscopically confirmed erosive gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease treated with rabeprazole.Methods:This open‐label, multicentre study enrolled 2579 patients to receive rabeprazole treatment using 20 mg once daily for 8 weeks. Between two clinical visits (at enrolment and week 8), patients used an interactive voice response system to rate gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease symptoms. Subgroup analyses of efficacy were conducted for gender, age, Hetzel–Dent grade, presence of Barrett's oesophagus and for patients reporting previously ineffective symptom relief with omeprazole or lansoprazole.Results:On day 1, rabeprazole significantly decreased daytime and night‐time heartburn severity, regurgitation and belching. Complete relief of daytime and night‐time heartburn was achieved in 64.0% and 69.2% of symptomatic patients, respectively, on day 1, and in 81.1% and 85.7% of patients, respectively, on day 7. Patients with moderate or severe heartburn symptoms at baseline achieved an even greater degree of satisfactory symptom relief (none or mild) from day 1 onwards. The median time to satisfactory heartburn relief was 2 days. Subgroup analyses showed no consistent differences in efficacy compared to the overall population treated. Health‐related quality of life in patients was significantly lower than that of the US general population and improved significantly after 8 weeks of rabeprazole therapy. Rabeprazole was well tolerated, with headache as the most common adverse event, reported by less than 2% of the study population.Conclusions:In this large, open‐label trial, rabeprazole rapidly and effectively relieved gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease symptoms in most patients with erosive oesophagitis. Substantial symptom relief was noted on day 1; improvement continued over the first week and at week 4. By week 8, the health‐related quality of life had also improved vs. baseline.
Treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis with a tryptase inhibitor (APC 2059): an open‐label pilot study
Authors: Tremaine W. J. , Brzezinski A. , Katz J. A. , Wolf D. C. , Fleming T. J. , Mordenti J. , Strenkoski‐Nix L. C. , Kurth M. C. ,   THE AXYS ULCERATIVE COLITIS STUDY GROUP
Published: March 2003

Background:Mast cells isolated from the colonic mucosa in active ulcerative colitis appear to be partially degranulated, suggesting the release of tryptase.Aim:To investigate the safety and activity of APC 2059, a highly specific tryptase inhibitor, in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.Methods:This was an open‐label, Phase 2, multicentre pilot study in patients with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis, with a disease activity index of 6–9 on a 12‐point scale. Fifty‐six adults received 20 mg APC 2059 subcutaneously twice daily and 53 completed 28 days of treatment. The primary end‐point was response, defined as a final disease activity index of ≤ 3. Supplementary analyses were also performed.Results:Sixteen (29%) of 56 patients responded. Five (9%) showed complete remission (disease activity index=0). Twenty‐seven (49%) improved, with a final disease activity index of ≤ 3 or a four‐point reduction. Improvement or normalization in each category of the disease activity index was as follows: stool frequency, 64%; bleeding, 64%; endoscopy, 50%; physicians' rating, 63%. There were no significant relationships between outcome and pharmacokinetics. The most common adverse events were related to the injection site (32.1%).Conclusions:In this pilot study, the tryptase inhibitor APC 2059 was safe and there was evidence of activity in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
Pantoprazole maintenance therapy prevents relapse of erosive oesophagitis
Authors: Metz D. C. , Bochenek W. J. ,   The pantoprazole us gerd study group
Published: March 2003

SummaryObjectives : To compare the safety and efficacy of pantoprazole with ranitidine for the maintenance of endoscopically documented healed (grade 0 or 1) erosive oesophagitis.Methods : Patients (371) were randomly assigned to receive pantoprazole 10, 20 or 40 mg or ranitidine 150 mg. Endoscopies were performed after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months or when symptoms suggesting relapse (grade = 2) developed. Gastric biopsies were obtained at baseline and on at least one postbaseline visit. Symptom‐free days and Gelusil use were assessed.Results : Pantoprazole was significantly (P < 0.001) more effective in maintaining erosive oesophagitis healing. After 12 months, 33%, 40%, 68% and 82% of patients remained healed for the ranitidine and pantoprazole 10, 20 and 40 mg groups, respectively. Daytime and night‐time heartburn were eliminated in > 90% of days for the pantoprazole 40 mg group. Gelusil use was significantly lower with pantoprazole 20 and 40 mg than with ranitidine (P < 0.02) during the first 9 months.Conclusions : Twelve months of maintenance therapy with pantoprazole (10–40 mg once daily) was superior to ranitidine (150 mg twice daily) in maintaining erosive oesophagitis healing. Pantoprazole 40 mg provided the most consistent efficacy and was well tolerated.
Detection of QTL for milk production traits in cattle by application of a specifically developed marker map of BTA6
Authors: Kühn Ch , Freyer G , Weikard R , Goldammer T , Schwerin M 
Published: March 2003

Interval mapping was carried out to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for milk production traits in five granddaughter design families of the German Holstein population. Fourteen randomly generated markers spanning the whole of BTA6 and six targeted microsatellite markers from BTA6q21–31 were included in the analysis. In one family a QTL with effects on milk fat yield and milk protein yield was mapped to the interval TGLA37‐FBN13 (3 c
m proximal to FBN13, lodscore 3 ·22) in the middle part of the chromosome. Although there are several reports about QTL with effects on milk production traits on BTA6 in the literature, a QTL with effects on milk fat and milk protein yield has not been previously described.After initial indications of at least two QTL for milk production traits ( Kühn et al. 1996b
) located in the middle of BTA6, microsatellite markers specific for the region of interest were developed (
Weikard et al. 1997
). The addition of five informative markers in the region BM143‐CSN3 decreased the average marker interval from 12 ·5 c
m to 5 ·5 c
m and more than doubled the number of informative geno‐ types.
Geographic and breed distribution of an Msp I PCR‐RFLP in the bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene
Authors: Lagziel A , DeNise S , Hanotte O , Dhara S , Glazko V , Broadhead A , Davoli R , Russo V , Soller M 
Published: March 2003

SummaryInformation is presented on the frequency of the Msp I (‐) allele in the third intron of the bovine growth hormone gene in a large number of cattle breeds. Consideration of the breed frequencies in relation to their geographic origin shows a low frequency for breeds originating in Northern Europe, moderate frequencies for breeds originating in Eastern Europe or the countries surrounding the Mediterranean basin, and very high frequencies for breeds originating in the Indian subcontinent. Consideration of breed frequencies in relation to breed type, shows low to moderate frequencies for the humpless breeds, high frequencies for the humped breeds. Various explanations for this distribution are discussed, among them the possibility that the Msp I (‐) allele originated in the Bos indicus breeds of the Indian subcontinent, from which it diffused through the humpless Bos taurus breeds of Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean basin, eventually reaching Western, Northern Europe, Western Africa in low frequencies.
Linkage mapping and comparative analysis of bovine expressed sequence tags (ESTs)
Authors: Grosse W M , Kappes S M , McGraw R A 
Published: March 2003

SummaryBovine expressed sequence tags (ESTs) containing microsatellites are suitable markers for both linkage and comparative maps. We isolated clones from a bovine fetal thigh skeletal muscle cDNA library that were positive for a (CA)10 probe. Thirty individual clones were isolated and characterised by sequencing. Sequences from the 5′ and 3′ ends of a clone were considered as separate ESTs until a contiguous sequence was identified. A total of 47 ESTs were sequenced from the 5′ and/or 3′ ends and full sequence was obtained for the 30 clones. BLAST nucleotide analysis identified significant homology to known mammalian coding regions for 31 of the bovine ESTs, 30 of which also matched human ESTs or sequence‐tagged sites (STS). The remaining 16 bovine ESTs represented novel transcripts. Microsatellites were isolated in 27 of the ESTs, 11 of which were developed into markers and placed on the MARC bovine linkage map. Human cytogenetic map positions were available for 20 of the 30 human EST orthologs, and a putative bovine map position for 17 of the sequences could be inferred using comparative mapping data. These results demonstrated that mapping bovine ESTs containing microsatellites is a plausible strategy to increase the density of gene markers on the bovine linkage and comparative maps.
Characterisation of gene expression in bovine adipose tissue before and after fattening
Authors: Oishi M , Taniguchi Y , Nishimura K , Yamada T , Sasaki Y 
Published: March 2003

SummaryIt has been reported that fattening causes bovine adipose tissue development associated with an enlargement in adipocyte cell size. As a first study to elucidate mechanisms of bovine adipose tissue development during fattening, our experiment was designed to characterise gene expression in bovine adipose tissue before and after fattening. We randomly isolated a large number of cDNA clones derived from bovine adipose tissue before and after fattening. Sequence analysis of the isolated clones showed that 3 and 10 clones from before and after fattening, respectively, correspond to genes related to adipocyte development and/or function in the adipose tissue. In addition, we isolated cDNA clones that possess negative signal by hybridising the cDNA population from the adipose tissue after fattening with that before fattening as a probe. As a result, we identified five types of transcripts observed in the adipose tissue after fattening but not before fattening. Two of the five are likely to encode bovine orthologs of phospholipase A2 and RNA helicase p68, while the other three represent unknown genes. Further functional investigation of the identified genes might lead to elucidation of mechanisms of bovine adipose tissue development during fattening.
Consensus and comprehensive linkage maps of bovine chromosome 7
Authors: Gu Z , Gomez‐Raya L , Våge D I , Elo K , Barendse W , Davis G , Grosz M , Erhardt G , Kalm E , Reinsch N , Kappes S M. , Stone R T , Davis S K , Taylor J F , Kirkpatrick B W 
Published: March 2003

SummaryThe objective of this project was to integrate the currently available linkage maps for bovine chromosome 7 (BTA7) by combining data sets from eight research groups. A total of 54 unique markers were typed in eight pedigrees. Multilocus linkage analysis with CRI‐MAP produced a bovine chromosome 7 consensus framework map of 27 loci ordered with odds greater than 1000 : 1. Furthermore, we present a bovine chromosome 7 comprehensive map integrating 54 loci. The locus order is in general agreement with the recently published linkage maps except for one discrepancy. The order of loci BM9289, BMS713, and ILSTS001 was reversed in the consensus framework map relative to the published USDA‐MARC bovine chromosome 7 linkage map.
Evaluation of RDS/Peripherin and ROM1 as candidate genes in generalised progressive retinal atrophy and exclusion of digenic inheritance
Authors: Runte M , Dekomien G , Epplen J T 
Published: March 2003

SummaryGeneralised progressive retinal atrophy (gPRA) is a heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases causing degeneration of the retina in dogs and cats. As a combination of mutations in theRDS/Peripherin and the ROM1 genes leads to the phenotype of retinitis pigmentosa in man we first performed mutation analysis to screen these genes for disease causing mutations followed by the investigation of a digenic inheritance in dogs. We cloned the RDS/Peripherin gene and investigated the RDS/Peripherin and ROM1 genes for disease causing mutations in 13 gPRA‐affected dog breeds including healthy animals, obligate gPRA carriers and gPRA‐affected dogs. We screened for mutations using single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Sequence analysis revealed several sequence variations. In the coding region of the RDS/Peripherin gene three nucleotide exchanges were identified (A277C; C316T; G1255A), one of which leads to an amino acid substitution (Ala339Thr). Various silent sequence variations were found in the coding region of the ROM1 gene (A536G, G1006A, T1018C, T1111C, C1150T, C1195T), as well as an amino acid substitution (G252T; Ala54Ser). By excluding the respective gene as a cause for gPRA several sequence variations in the intronic regions were investigated. None of these sequence variations cosegregated with autosomal recessively (ar) transmitted gPRA in 11 breeds. The candidate geneRDS/Peripherin obviously does not harbour the critical mutation causing the autosomal recessive form of gPRA because diseased individuals show heterozygous genotypes for sequence variations in the Miniature Poodle, Dachshund, Australian Cattle Dog, Cocker Spaniel, Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Entlebucher Sennenhund, Sloughi, Yorkshire Terrier, Tibet Mastiff, Tibet Terrier and Labrador Retriever breeds. In the following breeds the ROM1 gene was also excluded indirectly for gPRA: Miniature Poodle, Dachshund, Australian Cattle Dog, Sloughi, Collie, Tibet Terrier, Labrador Retriever and Saarloos/Wolfhound. Digenic inheritance for gPRA is practically excluded for both these genes in four breeds: Miniature Poodle, Dachshund, Labrador Retriever and Saarloos/Wolfhound.
Cloning, characterization and chromosomal localization of the Sus scrofa SLC31A1 gene
Authors: Harboe T. L. , Jensen L. R. , Hansen C. , Horn P , Bendixen C. , Tommerup N. , Tümer Z. 
Published: March 2003

SummaryCopper is an essential element necessary for normal function of numerous enzymes in all living organisms. Uptake of copper into the cell is thought to occur through the membrane protein, SLC31A1 (CTR1), which has been described in a variety of species including yeast, human and mouse. In this study, we present cloning, gene structure, chromosomal localization and expression pattern of the Sus scrofa SLC31A1 gene, which encodes a 189 amino acid protein. The (SSC) SLC31A1 gene is organized in four exons and spans an approximately 2.3 kb genomic region. We have localized the gene to chromosome 1q28‐q2.13 using a somatic cell hybrid panel. This region shows conservation of synteny with human chromosome 9, where the human SLC31A1 (CTR1) gene has been localized. Expression studies suggest that SLC31A1 mRNA is transcribed in all tissues examined.
The pharmacokinetics of ziprasidone in healthy volunteers treated with cimetidine or antacid
Authors: Wilner K. D. , Hansen R. A. , Folger C. J. , Geoffroy P. 
Published: March 2003

Aims  To evaluate the effects of cimetidine and Maalox® (aluminium hydroxide 1.35 g and magnesium hydroxide 1.2 g) on the pharmacokinetics of ziprasidone.Methods  Eleven healthy young subjects aged 18–45 years were given single oral doses of ziprasidone 40 mg on three occasions at least 7 days apart. On one occasion ziprasidone was administered alone, on another occasion ziprasidone was co‐administered with oral cimetidine 800 mg and on a third occasion ziprasidone was co‐administered with oral Maalox®.Results  The administration of cimetidine increased the ziprasidone AUC(0,∞) by 6% but there were no statistically significant differences in Cmax, tmax or λz between the ziprasidone+cimetidine group and the ziprasidone group. The administration of Maalox® did not produce any statistically significant differences in AUC(0,∞), Cmax, tmax or λz between the ziprasidone+Maalox® group and the ziprasidone group.Conclusions  The pharmacokinetics of ziprasidone are not affected by concurrent administration of cimetidine or Maalox®. This suggests that other nonspecific inhibitors of cytochrome P450 and antacids are unlikely to alter the pharmacokinetics of ziprasidone.
Polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 CYP1A2 gene (CYP1A2) in colorectal cancer patients and controls: allele frequencies, linkage disequilibrium and influence on caffeine metabolism
Authors: Sachse Christoph , Bhambra Upinder , Smith Gillian , Lightfoot Tracy J. , Barrett Jennifer H. , Scollay Jenna , Garner R. Colin , Boobis Alan R. , Wolf C. Roland , Gooderham Nigel J. ,   The Colorectal Cancer Study Group
Published: March 2003

Aims  Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the cytochrome P450 enzyme 1A2 gene (CYP1A2) have been reported. Here, frequencies, linkage disequilibrium and phenotypic consequences of six SNPs are described.Methods  From genomic DNA, 114 British Caucasians (49 colorectal cancer cases and 65 controls) were genotyped for the CYP1A2 polymorphisms −3858G→A (allele CYP1A2*1C), −2464T→delT (CYP1A2*1D), −740T→G (CYP1A2*1E and *1G), −164A→C (CYP1A2*1F), 63C→G (CYP1A2*2), and 1545T→C (alleles CYP1A2*1B, *1G, *1H and *3), using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism assays. All patients and controls were phenotyped for CYP1A2 by h.p.l.c. analysis of urinary caffeine metabolites.Results  In 114 samples, the most frequent CYP1A2 SNPs were 1545T→C (38.2% of tested chromosomes), −164A→C (CYP1A2*1F, 33.3%) and −2464T→delT (CYP1A2*1D, 4.82%). The SNPs were in linkage disequilibrium: the most frequent constellations were found to be −3858G/−2464T/−740T/−164A/63C/1545T (61.8%), −3858G/−2464T/−740T/−164C/63C/1545C (33.3%), and −3858G/−2464delT/−740T/−164A/63C/1545C (3.51%), with no significant frequency differences between cases and controls. In the phenotype analysis, lower caffeine metabolic ratios were detected in cases than in controls. This was significant in smokers (n = 14, P = 0.020), and in a subgroup of 15 matched case‐control pairs (P = 0.007), but it was not significant in nonsmokers (n = 100, P = 0.39). There was no detectable association between CYP1A2 genotype and caffeine phenotype.Conclusions  (i) CYP1A2 polymorphisms are in linkage disequilibrium. Therefore, only −164A→C (CYP1A2*1F) and −2464T→delT (CYP1A2*1D) need to be analysed in the routine assessment of CYP1A2 genotype; (ii) in vivo CYP1A2 activity is lower in colorectal cancer patients than in controls, and (iii) CYP1A2 genotype had no effect on phenotype (based on the caffeine metabolite ratio). However, this remains to be confirmed in a larger study.
Zur anatomischen und biologischen Wertigkeit der Thoraxbewegungen bei Hund und Katze
Authors: Vollmerhaus B. , Veith H. Roos und G. 
Published: March 2003

On the anatomical and biological role of the movement of the thorax in the dog and cat:Development of the gonometrical measuring method has allowed the respiratory movement of the lateral chest wall and the sternum to be investigated. The mobility of a single rib varies enormously in gradual transitions. There are distinct differences between species. For of a number of reasons; the cat can achieve more intense thoracic respiration than the dog.