bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased perivascular space volume in white matter and basal ganglia is associated with cognition in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Donahue Erin Kaye , Foreman Ryan Patrick , Duran Jared Joshua , Jakowec Michael Walter , O’Neill Joseph , Petkus Andrew J. , Holschneider Daniel P. , Choupan Jeiran , Van Horn John Darrell , Venkadesh Siva , Bayram Ece , Litvan Irene , Schiehser Dawn M , Petzinger Giselle Maria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPerivascular spaces (PVS), fluid-filled compartments surrounding brain vasculature, are an essential component of the glymphatic system responsible for transport of waste and nutrients. Glymphatic system impairment may underlie cognitive deficits in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Studies have focused on the role of basal ganglia PVS with cognition in PD, but the role of white matter PVS is unknown. This study examined the relationship of white matter and basal ganglia PVS with domain-specific and global cognition in individuals with PD. Fifty individuals with PD underwent 3T T1w magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine PVS volume fraction, defined as PVS volume normalized to total regional volume, within (i) centrum semiovale, (ii) prefrontal white matter (medial orbitofrontal, rostral middle frontal, superior frontal), and (iii) basal ganglia. A neuropsychological battery included assessment of global cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and global cognitive composite score), and cognitive-specific domains (executive function, memory, visuospatial function, attention, and language). Higher white matter rostral middle frontal PVS was associated with lower scores in both global cognitive and visuospatial function. In the basal ganglia higher PVS was associated with lower scores for memory with a trend towards lower global cognitive composite score. While previous reports have shown that greater amount of PVS in the basal ganglia is associated with decline in global cognition in PD, our findings suggest that increased white matter PVS volume may also underlie changes in cognition.
A New Day for Perennialism: the Case for a Perennial Phenomenology, or ‘Soft’ Perennialism
Authors: Taylor Steve 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper argues for a ‘perennial phenomenology’ (or ‘soft’ perennialism) varying from the traditionalist notion of a ‘perennial philosophy.’ Perennial phenomenology offers a more nuanced form of perennialism that focuses on spiritual/mystical experiences rather than the teachings and beliefs of different religions. While teachings and beliefs vary greatly, the mystical experiences associated with different mystical traditions have striking commonalities. I suggest four experiential aspects that support a perennial phenomenology. These aspects also necessitate a reconsideration of the debate between perennialism and constructivism. Significantly, these experiential elements are present when mystical experiences occur outside the context of spiritual traditions, to people who know little or nothing about spirituality and consider themselves non-religious. Treating mystical experiences exclusively in the context or religion and spiritual traditions has been a major failing in debates between constructivists (or contextualists) and perennialists. There is a common landscape of mystical experience that precedes interpretation and conceptualization by spiritual traditions. This paper contributes to a reopening of discussion about perennialism that has been underway in recent years.
MicroRNAs as a Tool for Differential Diagnosis of Neuromuscular Disorders
Authors: Mousa Nahla O. , Abdellatif Ahmed , Fahmy Nagia , El-Fawal Hassan , Osman Ahmed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeuromuscular disorders (NMD) are a class of progressive disorders that are characterized by wasting of the muscles. Some of the disorders like Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs), limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD), and mild spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type III share several presenting clinical features, and hence, diagnosis is usually a challenging task. In this study, the diagnostic potential of some species of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are known to play roles in normal and pathological contexts of myocytes (myomiRs) were evaluated to assess their potential in differential diagnosis of NMDs. In this study, seventy-four patients with different neuromuscular disorders along with thirty age-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled. Peripheral blood samples were collected from enrolled subjects followed by miRNA extraction and reverse transcription followed by quantification of the circulating levels of the studied miRNAs (miR-499, miR-206, miR-208a, miR-223, miR-191, miR-103a-3p, miR-103a-5p), by real-time PCR and statistical analysis. The data indicated that miR-499 level showed high circulating levels in DMD patients as well as in patients with other related disorders such as BMD. However, the levels of miR-499 were much higher in DMD patients and it can be used to diagnose DMD. In addition, miR-206 can selectively differentiate between DMD and all other disorders. The results also revealed that miR-208a and miR-223 were significantly dysregulated in SMA patients, and miR-103a-3p could distinguish DMD from BMD. The expression levels of some miRNA species can be utilized in the process of differential diagnosis of NMDs and can serve as a diagnostic biomarker, and such findings will pave the way towards generating targeted therapies.
Nachhaltigkeit als Thema in der Sozialen Arbeit
Authors: Elsen Susanne 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungÖko-soziale Sozialarbeit und Nachhaltigkeit als Themen der Sozialen Arbeit rücken in Theorie und Praxis vom Rand in die Mitte. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, dass Soziale Arbeit weit zurückreichende Bezüge zu diesen Themen hat und dass sie auch in den aktuellen interdisziplinären Diskursen und Ansätzen zur öko-sozialen Transformation eine deutliche Stimme einnehmen kann.
Thesium schmiedeliae (Santalaceae), a new species from Knersvlakte quartz fields, South Africa
Authors: Zhigila Daniel A. , Schmiedel Ute , Muasya A. Muthama 
Published: October 2023

SummaryWe test the hypothesis that the Thesium (Santalaceae) collection previously known as Thesium sp. D.A.Zhigila & A.M.Muasya 1006 is new to science. We formally describe and name it T. schmiedeliae. The new species is an erect to suberect shrublet, c. 20 cm tall, glaucous in overall appearance, with stems terete in transverse section, and leaves bracts, and bracteoles succulent. Molecular and morphological data support the placement of T. schmiedeliae in subgenus Frisea section Annulata. The new species is endemic to the Knersvlakte Nature Reserve and occurs in the edaphically unique quartz islands. Thesium schmiedeliae is preliminarily assessed for conservation purposes as Vulnerable as it is threatened by drought, severe fragmentation of its quartz-field habitat, small population size, and a small area of occupancy.
Machine learning-based predictive model for the differential diagnosis of ≤ 5 cm gastric stromal tumor and gastric schwannoma based on CT images
Authors: Chen Guoxian , Fan Lifang , Liu Jie , Wu Shujian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe clinical symptoms of ≤ 5 cm gastric stromal tumor (GST) and gastric schwannoma (GS) are similar, but the treatment regimens are different. This study explored the value of computed tomography (CT) combined with machine learning (ML) algorithms to find the best model to discriminate them. A total of 126 patients with GST ≤ 5 cm and 35 patients with GS ≤ 5 during 2013–2022 were included. CT imaging features included qualitative data (tumor location, growth pattern, lobulation, surface ulcer status, necrosis, calcification, and surrounding lymph nodes) and quantitative data [long diameter (LD); short diameter (SD); LD/SD ratio; degree of enhancement (DE); heterogeneous degree (HD)]. Patients were randomly divided into a training set (n = 112) and test set (n = 49) using 7:3 stratified sampling. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify independent risk factors. Five ML algorithms were used to build prediction models: Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Extra Trees, and Extreme Gradient Boosting Machine. The analysis identified that HDv, lobulation, and tumor growth site were independent risk factors (P < 0.05). We should focus on these three imaging features of tumors, which are relatively easy to obtain. The area under the curve for the SVM, KNN, RF, ET, and XGBoost prediction models were, respectively, 0.790, 0.895, 0.978, 0.988, and 0.946 for the training set, and were, respectively, 0.848, 0.892, 0.887, 0.912, and 0.867 for the test set. The CT combined with ML algorithms generated predictive models to improve the differential diagnosis of ≤ 5 cm GST and GS which has important clinical practical value. The Extra Trees algorithm resulted in the optimal model.
Domain-Specific L2 Grit, Anxiety, Boredom, and Enjoyment in Online Chinese Learning
Authors: Zhao Xian , Wang Danping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe shift to emergency remote teaching due to COVID-19 brought diverse psychological, emotional, and academic challenges for second language (L2) learners. Overcoming these challenges necessitated the utilization of grit, a personality trait signifying perseverance and passion to sustain academic progress. While grit and emotions have been explored in English language learning, their interaction remains underexplored in other languages. Despite Mandarin Chinese being widely learned globally, little previous work has been done to investigate learners’ psychological experiences, the function of L2 grit, and the relationship between them in online learning from the perspective of positive psychology. This might lead to an incomplete understanding of this pattern across domains and contexts, thus impeding the development of this discipline. This study uses a structural equation model to analyze the relationship between L2 grit, anxiety, boredom, and enjoyment based on 204 valid responses from Chinese as a Second Language learners in mainland China. Results underscore the importance of one facet of L2 grit, perseverance of effort in online Chinese language learning, and highlight the domain-specific nature of emotions. It also suggests that educators need not be overly concerned about negative emotions in online education, as they can be overridden by positive emotions.
Connectivity in the era of the (I)IoT: about security, features and limiting factors of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
Authors: Lipps Christoph , Herbst Jan , Klingel Steffen , Franke Lars , Wolff Alexander , Rüb Matthias , Reddy Rekha , Rahm Marco , Schotten Hans Dieter 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhat are the key drivers of the (Industrial) Internet of Things ((I)IoT)? Alongside the interconnection of the various devices, sensors, and actuators, it is above all the data collected and transmitted that is of particular significance, the (I)IoT itself is the source and recipient of various types of data. Within this, there are two main aspects that need to be considered: (i) the transmission of data with appropriate latency and reliability requirements, and (ii) the safeguarding of this data. Both requirements are taken into account during the development of the Sixth Generation (6G) Wireless Systems. This is conceived to deliver higher data rates, reduced cost deployment, and enhanced reliability while providing universal connectivity. Hence, to assist such a vast network domain, (new) 6G-enabling technologies are developed, which include Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs), that are capable of modifying and reconfiguring the wireless propagation channels. This work describes concepts on how security, in particular Physical Layer Security (PhySec) methods, can be supported by RISs. Furthermore, an effective impedance surface model is presented, allowing efficient simulation of beamsplitting and shaping properties of RISs. Finally, the applicability of the use cases is mentioned, with a particular focus on Visible Light Communication (VLC).
Immunoglobulin G is a natural oxytocin carrier which modulates oxytocin receptor signaling: relevance to aggressive behavior in humans
Authors: Værøy Henning , Lahaye Emilie , Dubessy Christophe , Benard Magalie , Nicol Marion , Cherifi Yamina , Takhlidjt Saloua , do Rego Jean-Luc , do Rego Jean-Claude , Chartrel Nicolas , Fetissov Sergueï O. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOxytocin is a neuropeptide produced mainly in the hypothalamus and secreted in the CNS and blood. In the brain, it plays a major role in promoting social interactions. Here we show that in human plasma about 60% of oxytocin is naturally bound to IgG which modulates oxytocin receptor signaling. Further, we found that IgG of violent aggressive inmates were characterized by lower affinity for oxytocin, causing decreased oxytocin carrier capacity and reduced receptor activation as compared to men from the general population. Moreover, peripheral administration of oxytocin together with human oxytocin-reactive IgG to resident mice in a resident-intruder test, reduced c-fos activation in several brain regions involved in the regulation of aggressive/defensive behavior correlating with the attack number and duration. We conclude that IgG is a natural oxytocin carrier protein modulating oxytocin receptor signaling which can be relevant to the biological mechanisms of aggressive behavior.
Theistic Evolution
Authors: Tabaczek Mariusz 
Published: October 2023

In this book, Mariusz Tabaczek develops a contemporary, re-imagined proposal of an Aristotelian-Thomistic perspective on theistic evolution. Deeply rooted in classical philosophy and theology, the volume combines careful textual analysis of ancient, medieval, and contemporary literature with innovative, original, and constructive argumentation and modelling. Tabaczek offers a wide-ranging set of arguments on behalf of those who advocate for the relevance of classical philosophical and theological thought in the context of contemporary science and the dialogue between science and religion. Avoiding simplistic answers to complex questions concerning the origin of species, including the human species, his book inspires critical thinking and a systematic approach to all major philosophical presuppositions and both philosophical and theological repercussions of the theory of evolution. Without contradicting or abandoning the letter of the tradition, Tabaczek echoes the spirit of Aristotle's and Aquinas's philosophy and theology, moving them forward to embrace the evolutionary aspect of the contemporary view of reality.
Patient outcomes following home-based outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy and facility-based outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hasegawa Shinya , Tholany Joseph , Healy Heather , Suzuki Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this systematic literature review and meta-analysis, we did not find a statistically significant difference in readmission and treatment failure rates between home-based and facility-based OPAT. Optimal patient selection for appropriate OPAT location appears to be more important than the location itself for the best OPAT outcome.
Clinical translational research of liquid biopsy applications in prostate cancer and other urological cancers
Authors: Huang Jingyi , Huang Da , Ruan Xiaohao , Zhan Yongle , Chun Stacia T.-T. , Ng Ada T.-L. , Na Rong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The aim of liquid biopsies is to obtain tumor information via the molecular interrogation of liquid samples, including blood and urine. As a minimally invasive procedure, liquid biopsies have attracted attention. A series of studies have reported associations of biomarkers such as circulating tumor DNA, cell-free DNA and extracellular vesicles with urological cancers, especially prostate cancer (PCa), and demonstrated the promising potential of liquid biopsies. In this review, we summarize recent clinical translational studies of liquid biopsies in PCa and other urological cancers, including bladder cancer and renal cell carcinoma. The number of translational studies was limited, and most of the studies focused on PCa. Biomarkers isolated from blood by different detection methods could be applied in clinical practice to predict prognosis and treatment response in advanced PCa. The other applications in urological cancers identified in previous studies remain to be explored further. Current studies are limited due to the lack of ideal standard detection methods for biomarkers. In the future, with advances in methodology, more translational studies will be conducted to identify potential applications of liquid biopsies in urological cancers.
Achieving high diet quality at eating occasions: findings from a nationally representative study of Australian adults
Authors: Tran Nancy R. , Leech Rebecca M. , Livingstone Katherine M. , McNaughton Sarah A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examined differences in food groups consumed at eating occasions by the level of adherence to dietary guidelines in Australian adults (≤19 years) and whether consumption differed with respect to age, sex and education levels. Secondary analysis of the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (n 9054) was performed, using one 24-h dietary recall with self-reported eating occasions. Dietary Guideline Index scores were used to assess adherence to the 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines. Mean differences (95 % CI) in servings of the five food groups and discretionary foods at eating occasions were estimated for adults with higher and lower diet quality, stratified by sex, age group and education. Using survey-based t-tests, differences of at least half a serving with P values < 0·05 were considered meaningful. Compared with adults with lower diet quality, women and men aged 19–50 years with higher diet quality consumed more serves of vegetables at dinner (mean difference (95 % CI), women; 1·0; 95 % CI (0·7, 1·2); men: 0·9; 95 % CI (0·6, 1·3)) and fewer serves of discretionary foods at snacks (women: −0·7; 95 % CI (−0·9, −0·5); men: −1·0; 95 % CI (−1·4, −0·7). Other food groups, such as grains, dairy products and alternatives, meats and alternatives, were not significantly different between adults with lower and higher diet quality, across any eating occasions and age groups. Discretionary food intake at lunch, dinner and snacks was consistently greater among adults with lower diet quality, regardless of education level. Our findings identify dinner and snacks as opportunities to increase vegetable intake and reduce discretionary food intake, respectively.
First confident evidence of moulting in eodiscid trilobites from the Cambrian Stage 3 of South China
Authors: Wang Yifan , Esteve Jorge , Yang Xinglian , Yu Rongxing , Wang Dezhi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTrilobite moulting behaviour has been extensively investigated. However, exuviae in eodiscid trilobites are poorly known. Here, we report two eodiscid trilobite specimens, Tsunyidiscus niutitangensis and Tsunyidiscus sp., showing Somersault configuration from the Niutitang Formation and Mingxinsi Formation of South China, respectively (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3). The arrangements of the exoskeletons indicate that the two specimens are the slightly disturbed and undisturbed exuviae. The impression of the lower cephalic unit (LCU) displays the rostral plate in Tsunyidiscus niutitangensis. The exuviae showing the LCU inverted anteriorly under the trunk. The opening of the facial and rostral sutures would have allowed the emergence of the post-ecdysial trilobite with the partial enrolment of exoskeleton. Moreover, our discovery indicates a Somersault configuration which employed the facial and rostral sutures to create an anterior exuvial gape that also exists in eodiscid trilobites besides redlichiid trilobites, corynexochid trilobites and ptychopariid trilobites during the Cambrian.
High-pressure metamorphism of Precambrian continental crust in the southwestern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (South Kazakhstan and North Tien Shan) and tectonic implications for the evolution of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean
Authors: Skoblenko (Pilitsyna) Anfisa V. , Kanygina Nadezhda A. , Dubenskiy Alexander S. , Batanova Valentina G. , Dilek Yildirim , Sheshukov Victor S. , Serov Pavel A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the high-pressure (HP) metamorphism of the Precambrian continental crust exposed in the Zheltau terrane in South Kazakhstan (Koyandy complex) and the Chu-Kendyktas terrane in the North Tien Shan of Kyrgyzstan (Aktyuz, Kemin and Kokdzhon complexes) within the SW part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. HP quartz–feldspar lithologies of the Koyandy complex consist of migmatized kyanite-bearing garnet–mica paragneisses, garnet–kyanite paragneisses and their derivatives associated with eclogites. Paragneisses demonstrate prograde evolution involving mica dehydration melting and producing magnesium-rich garnet, kyanite and K-feldspar at the near-peak to retrograde stages at pressures of 15–18.5 kbar and temperatures of 800–870°C. The widespread growth of micas in these rocks reflects lower stages of retrogression at P = 10–12 kbar and T = 720–770°C. The age distributions of the cores of detrital zircon grains from the paragneisses indicate a predominance of Neoproterozoic and minor occurrence of Mesoproterozoic and Palaeoproterozoic sources of their protoliths. The ages of ∼487–485 Ma obtained from the zircon rims of the paragneisses reflect the timing of their HP metamorphic re-equilibration. These age clusters are consistent with the age estimates obtained from the rims of zircons in the eclogite-bearing garnet gneisses of the adjacent Aktyuz complex in the North Tien Shan. The P–T paths and zircon ages obtained from the high-grade quartz–feldspar gneisses of the Zheltau and Chu-Kendyktas terranes are thus interpreted to indicate involvement of the crustal material derived from the Precambrian basement (magmatic zircons aged ca. 844 Ma) and its Ediacaran–Cambrian sedimentary cover (detrital zircons with maxima at 1 Ga and 800–600 Ma) in the latest Cambrian subduction processes induced by the closure of the oceanic basins assigned to the Palaeo-Asian Ocean.
A review of the nematode assemblage of the Australian bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus (Peramelidae), from material held in the South Australian Museum with the description of Sprattellus cassonei n. sp. (Mackerrastrongylidae)
Authors: Smales L.R. , Wood J.A.L. , Chisholm L.A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A total of 235 vials of nematodes held in the Australian Helminthological Collection of the South Australian Museum from 125 individuals of Isoodon macrourus were examined. The nematode assemblage of I. macrourus, comprising 12 families, including 16 genera and 23 identified species, was compared with the sympatric bandicoot species Perameles nasuta, 20 identified species (Sorensen’s index of similarity 0.56) and P. pallescens, 12 identified species (Sorensen’s index 0.51). Sprattellus cassonei n. sp. is distinguished from its congeners by having a synlophe with 7–8 ridges with the anterior ventral ridges interrupted, the morphology of the dorsal ray and the branching of the spicule tips. A single male specimen identified as Linstowinema sp. 1. is characterised by seven circles of body hooks, the oesophagus terminating at the level of the seventh circle and robust scale-like spines on the posterior ventral body. A complete description of the species will require additional material, including females. Difficulties in identifying individuals of the genus Mackerrastrongylus to species level are discussed. Overall similarities in the nematode assemblages of the three bandicoot hosts are likely due to shared relationships and similar behaviours.