bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seborrhoeic keratosis or occult malignant neoplasm of the skin?
Authors: Rigopoulos D , Rallis E , Toumbis‐Ioannou E , Christophidou E , Limas C , Katsambas A 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground Seborrhoeic keratosis is generally considered to be a benign lesion of the skin.Observation We present the case of a 68‐year‐old male who presented with clinically typical seborrhoeic keratosis that later histological examination showed partially covered an occult basal cell carcinoma.Objective To have an indication of what percentage of clinically apparent seborrhoeic keratoses may be associated with some form of histologically proven skin malignancy.Methods We carried out a retrospective analysis of approximately 23 000 histopathological examinations done on specimens from dermatological lesions.Results Fifty‐nine (11.9%) clinically apparent seborrhoeic keratoses were later histologically diagnosed as basal cell carcinomas, 17 (3.4%) as squamous cell carcinomas, and five (1.01%) as malignant melanomas.Conclusions Although the association of seborrhoeic keratosis and skin malignancy appears to be relatively uncommon, the possibility of such an association cannot be ruled out.
Successful treatment of chromomycosis using carbon dioxide laser associated with topical heat applications
Authors: Hira K , Yamada H , Takahashi Y , Ogawa H 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA 59‐year‐old Japanese man presented with a slightly elevated, pruritic, erythematous plaque on his left buttock measuring 5 × 5 cm in diameter. The man had a history of chromomycosis, dating 6 years prior to the current consultation, for which he had been treated with oral terbinafine. Diagnosis of a recurrence of chromomycosis of the skin due to infection by Foncecaea pedrosoi was made after careful analysis of the clinical features, skin biopsy, KOH mounts, and fungal culture results. We administered topical heat thereapy followed by treatment with CO2 laser to eradicate the unresponsive remnants of the lesion. The operative site re‐epithelized within 10 weeks, and 1 year after the treatment there was no evidence of recurrence. For a recalcitrant case of chromomycosis, as in this case, the use of CO2 laser combined with topical heat therapy may be a new therapeutic modality.
Are quality of family life and disease severity related in childhood atopic dermatitis?
Authors: Ben‐Gashir MA , Seed PT , Hay RJ 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground Atopic dermatitis (AD) can be traumatizing to family life. Little is known about the relationship between quality of life in AD and disease severity.Objective To document family quality of life and relate this to severity of AD in children, for a 6‐month period from a given point in time.Study design These data are part of a longitudinal study conducted in two parts of the UK to investigate risk factors for AD severity and its impact on quality of life.Subjects and methods The targeted population comprised children with AD aged 5–10 years in a primary‐care setting. The general practitioners identified potential subjects and the UK diagnostic criteria for AD were used to verify the diagnosis. Both the children and their parents were interviewed. Eczema severity was assessed using a modified form of the SCORAD (SCORe Atopic Dermatitis) Index (SCORAD‐D) from which parents’ score of itching and sleep loss were excluded. The quality of family life was quantified by the Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) questionnaire. These two parameters were evaluated on two occasions 6 months apart.Analysis Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between the quality of family life and the severity of the AD in the children, at a specific point in time and over the following 6‐month period.Results Of the 116 children attending the first visit, mean age 8 years, 106 attended the second visit (91%) and were included in the analysis. Quality of family life was shown to be significantly affected in 48 (45%) cases at the first visit and 38 (36%) cases at the second visit. The initial means of the DFI and SCORAD‐D were 2.4 and 8.2, respectively. Six months later the mean final DFI and SCORAD‐D were 1.9 and 7.7, respectively. Using multiple regression on the first and second visits, each unit increase in SCORAD‐D was associated with 0.21 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06–0.37 P = 0.008] and 0.37 (95% CI 0.15–0.59, P = 0.001) units increase in quality of family life, respectively. This relationship remained significant even after adjustment for potential confounders (black skin, social class, sex, child's age, family size and location) each unit increase in SCORAD‐D led to a 0.25 unit (95% CI 0.11–0.4, P = 0.001) and 0.23 unit (95% CI 0.05–0.42, P = 0.014) increase in DFI on the first and second visits, respectively. Changes in the DFI scores were significantly related to changes in the SCORAD‐D scores (regression coefficient; 0.17 (95% CI 0.06–0.29, P = 0.002).Conclusions We show that quality of family life is related to the severity of AD in children. This confirms the importance of parental assessment of the impact of the disease in the management of AD, because the disease affects the entire family. Also, these results show the response of DFI to change predictably with disease severity. This may imply that the DFI questionnaire could be used as an extra measure of outcome in everyday clinical practice as well as in research studies.
Granuloma annulare possibly triggered by antitetanus vaccination
Authors: Baykal C , Özkaya‐Bayazit E , Kaymaz R 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report the case of a 6‐year‐old girl with granuloma annulare (GA) possibly related to antitetanus vaccinations. The first episode occurred 2 months after the girl had been vaccinated but the lesions were not located at the vaccination site. After 1 year of being free of lesions, she had a second episode unrelated to vaccination. After another 6‐month lesion‐free period, the girl was administered another antitetanus vaccination and a solitary lesion developed at the vaccination site within 3 days. A few lesions developed on her legs in the 2 months following the appearance of the initial plaque. The literature includes two reports of cases with papular lesions limited to the hepatitis B vaccination site, both histopathologically consistent with necrobiotic granuloma, but clinically not suggestive of GA. To the best of our knowledge, GA following antitetanus vaccination and occurring at the vaccination site has not been reported before. Either the trauma alone from the injection or a vaccine‐induced immunological reaction might have triggered the necrobiosis of collagen through some unexplained mechanisms.
Parents telling their Offspring about Down Syndrome and Disability
Authors: Cunningham C. C. , Glenn S. , Fitzpatrick H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to explore the role that parents play in fostering the understanding of Down Syndrome (DS) and intellectual disability in their offspring. The participants were 77 young people with DS, aged from 17 to 24 years, and their parents, who were part of the Manchester Down syndrome Cohort. Parents were asked if and how they had told the young person (and their siblings) about DS and disability. The young people with DS were interviewed and photographs were also used to determine whether or not they recognized DS. In addition, verbal mental ages were obtained as an approximation of cognitive level. The majority of families reported an open system of discussion and only five indicated that they had deliberately avoided the issue. However, 43% had not tried to tell explicitly; 53% of these parents felt that the young person would not understand and 32% felt that it was not an issue that affected their lives. The majority of these young people had verbal mental ages of less than 6 years and no demonstrated awareness of DS or disability on the measures used. The results were congruent with a developmental model of the appearance of social categorization. A relatively small number of young people had negative views or denied they had DS, but no association was found with parental telling.
Use of a Modified Azrin–Foxx Toilet Training Procedure with Individuals with Angelman Syndrome
Authors: Didden Robert , Sikkema Simone P. E. , Bosman Irma T. M. , Duker Pieter C. , Curfs Leopold M. G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIncontinence of urine and faeces is commonly observed among children with intellectual disability. Although various procedures to establish toileting skills do exist, studies on their effectiveness with children with Angelman syndrome (AS) are lacking. In the present study, a procedure based on Azrin–Foxx toilet training was used to establish toileting skills in six children with intellectual disability and AS. All children showed improved toilet skills. Maintenance was documented by follow‐up recordings for up to 2.5 years. The results are discussed in terms of the specific relationship between the characteristics of trainees with AS and the present training procedure.
Chromosomal anomalies in fetal congenital heart disease
Authors: Allan L. D. , Sharland G. K. , Chita S. K. , Lockhart S. , Maxwell D. J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA series of 467 cases of congenital heart disease detected in prenatal life were analyzed to identify the forms of cardiac malformation associated with karyotypic defects and to calculate the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities associated with such malformations. Of these, 77 were proved to have chromosomal anomalies although not all were karyotyped.The results were analyzed in two ways. First, the whole series of 77 cases was examined in order to describe the form of congenital heart disease found in association as, although many cases were forms of heart disease known to be associated with chromosomal defects, several were unexpected. In many cases which proved positive, there were other abnormal findings on ultrasound, further suggesting a high likelihood of a chromosomal defect. Some cardiac defects, however, such as atrial isomerism or transposition of the great arteries, were not associated with trisomies.The second part of the study examined in detail the records of 124 cases of congenital heart disease seen in 1989, as these were more completely documented than the previous cases. No chromosomal anomaly was therefore thought to be missed. Of this group, 20 (16%) proved positive. This is a higher rate than would be expected in an unselected population of live births. The difference between prenatal and postnatal life can be accounted for by the increased rate of spontaneous fetal loss in those with chromosomal defects.We conclude that, because of the high rate of chromosomal anomaly, all continuing pregnancies where congenital heart disease has been found in the fetus should be karyotyped unless specific types of heart defect which are rarely associated are confidently defined. Copyright © 1991 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Vanishing twins: the frequency of spontaneous fetal reduction of a twin pregnancy
Authors: Sampson A. , de Crespigny L. Ch. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis study examines the outcome of 126 twin pregnancies diagnosed by ultrasound examination at 6–16 weeks' gestation. Fifty‐nine patients conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer and had a routine scan. The 67 non‐IVF pregnancies had a scan for other clinical indications including threatened abortion.When live twins were detected prior to 7 weeks'gestation, only 71% of pregnancies resulted in live twin neonates. Each fetus of a multiple pregnancy had a 19% chance of dying in utero or in the neonatal period of diagnosed prior to 7 weeks, and 11% if both were found to be alive between 7 and 10 weeks. The fetal loss rate was similar for IVF and non‐IVF pregnancies. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Coronal transcerebellar diameter: an alternate view
Authors: Sarno A. P. , Rose G. S. , Harrington R. A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractEvaluation of the fetal cerebellum in the axial plane has become an important part of obstetric sonography. We report our experience with an alternate view, the coronal transcerebellar view, in 134 fetuses at gestational ages of 13–30 weeks. There is a linear first‐order correlation between axial and coronal transcerebellar diameters. Additionally, the coronal view was more reliably obtained, especially at gestational ages between 24 and 30 weeks. We believe that this view warrants further study, particularly in pathological states. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
The sonographically thick placenta: a predictor of increased perinatal morbidity and mortality
Authors: Dombrowski M. P. , Wolfe H. M. , Saleh A. , Evans M. I. , O'Brien J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn order to determine the prevalence and significance of sonographically thick placentas, we reviewed the computerized records of 18 827 viable, singleton pregnancies. Of these, 116 (0.6%) had thick placentas diagnosed by ultrasound examination. Perinatal mortality was markedly increased among pregnancies with thick placentas (odds ratio = 13.1, 95% confidence limits (CL) = 8.3–20.8), accounting for 6.2%; of the total. The rates of abruptio placentae (odds ratio = 2.9, CL = 1.1–8.1), neonatal intensive care unit admissions (odds ratio = 4.6, CL = 3.1–6.9) and anomalies (odds ratio = 8.4, CL = 4.9–14.4) were also significantly increased among the thick placenta cohort compared to controls. The 106 liveborn neonates with thick placentas had lower Apgar scores, were delivered at an earlier gestational age, and weighed less than controls. Anomalies, hydrops fetalis and abruptio placentae complicated 16 of the 24 cases of perinatal mortalities. Sonographically thick placentas should alert the clinician to the possibility of compromised perinatal outcome. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Early prediction of preterm delivery by transvaginal ultrasonography
Authors: Okitsu O. , Mimura T. , Nakayama T. , Aono T. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe clinical value of transvaginal ultrasonography in the evaluation of the uterine cervix of pregnant women was studied. Comparison with conventional transabdominal ultrasound in 24 pregnant subjects revealed that transvaginal ultrasound was superior, because the transabdominal technique usually requires a full bladder, which causes deformation and elongation of the cervix. Digital examination showed dilatation of the internal os in only ten (38.5%) of 26 patients in whom it had previously been shown by transvaginal sonography. Transvaginal ultrasonography has the advantage of providing natural and objective information on the cervix. The values of three sonographic signs found transvaginally for predicting preterm delivery were evaluated in a total of 130 at‐risk patients and 129 control subjects. Shortening of the cervical length by −1.5 SD or more was associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery (11.3% vs. 2.8%, p < 0.01). A dilated internal os of more than 5 mm before 30 weeks of gestation was associated with preterm delivery more often than an undilated internal os (33.3% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.01). Dynamic changes in the degree of dilatation of the cervical canal which were found in nine women were significantly related with preterm delivery (p < 0.05). But, in the at‐risk group, only dilatation of the internal os had a predictive value for preterm birth. From these data, dilatation of the internal os on transvaginal ultrasonography was proved to be an early and important predictor of preterm delivery. Copyright © 1992 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
First‐trimester Down's syndrome screening using nuchal translucency: a prospective study in patients undergoing chorionic villus sampling
Authors: Brambati B. , Cislaghi C. , Tului L. , Alberti E. , Amidani M. , Colombo U. , Zuliani G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe value of the measurement of nuchal translucency thickness for predicting fetal Down's syndrome and other aneuploidies was prospectively evaluated at 8–15 weeks of gestation in 1819 consecutive pregnancies scheduled for karyotyping by chorionic villus sampling. In 43 cases, a chromosomal unbalanced aberration was found. Two teams of ultrasonologists who examined patients attending either National Health Service (Series 1) or private practice clinics (Series 2) were involved in the study. The same type of ultrasound machine and standardized approach were used in both study groups. In those cases in which the maximum subcutaneous thickness of the translucency was 3 mm or greater, the incidence of chromosomal aberration was 18.6% compared to 1.7% in the cases in which this was below 3 mm. The sensitivity, specificity and relative risk for all aneuploidies were 30%, 96% and 10.83, respectively, and no difference was found between trisomy 21 and other types of aneuploidy. The sensitivity and specificity and relative risk were significantly higher at 9–10 weeks than between 11 and 15 weeks. The results were concordant in the two series; however, the overall values for sensitivity (20% vs. 39%), specificity (94% vs. 98%) and relative risk (4.13 vs. 24.20) were clearly higher in the group of private patients. The results obtained confirm the potential application of the measurement of nuchal translucency thickness for fetal aneuploidy screening before the end of the first trimester and suggest that a multiplicity of individual, structural and organizational factors may interact and play a crucial role in determining the actual efficiency of ultrasound screening programs. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Characterization of placenta accreta using transvaginal sonography and color Doppler imaging
Authors: Lerner J. P. , Deane S. , Timor‐Tritsch I. E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe safe use of transvaginal sonography in patients with placenta previa has been confirmed, and has revolutionized precise placental localization. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of transvaginal sonography and color‐coded blood flow in the prediction of placenta accreta. Twenty‐one patients with persistent placenta previa were scanned using transvaginal sonography and color‐coded flow. Suspicion for placenta accreta consisted of total placenta previa at term with several placental lacunae exhibiting marked or turbulent blood flow, as seen with color Doppler transvaginal sonography from within the placenta, extending into the surrounding tissues. Five of the patients exhibited sonographic placental patterns suspicious for placenta accreta and one patient exhibited placental and cervical blood flow described as lacunar. Five Cesarean hysterectomies were performed for placenta accreta. Every placenta accreta was correctly diagnosed sonographically by the use of color flow studies. One patient with suspicion of placenta accreta delivered at another institution, a Cesarean hysterectomy was performed, and the pathology was confirmed. The one placenta previa exhibiting turbulent lacunar flow in the cervical area only was not confirmed to be an accreta at Cesarean section, although hemostasis was difficult at the placental bed. The remaining 15 patients with placenta previa and who on sonography were not suspicious for placenta accreta underwent uncomplicated Cesarean section. Transvaginal sonography and color Doppler imaging improve the diagnostic accuracy in the prediction of placenta accreta in patients with persistent placenta previa. A pattern of turbulent blood flow extending from the placenta into the surrounding tissues should alert the physician to the possibility of placenta accreta. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Spontaneous regression of fetal pulmonary sequestration
Authors: Lunger B. , Donato L. , Riethmuller C. , Becmeur F. , Dreyfus M. , Favre R. , Schlaeder G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe prenatal diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration can usually be made by the third trimester of pregnancy, from the combination of an intrathoracic mass and indirect signs such as cardiac deviation, fetal hydrops, pleural effusion and polyhydramnios. We describe four cases in which pulmonary hyperechogenicity was detected before 26 weeks' gestation. In three cases the hyperechogenic mass was isolated. In all cases it had mostly regressed during the pregnancy. A review of the cases of isolated pulmonary sequestration that have been diagnosed during the antenatal period is presented. Antenatal evolution was found to be unpredictable regardless of the type or severity of the case at the first diagnosis. We propose a classification to define more clearly the optimal management of pulmonary sequestration. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Endometrial assessment by transvaginal sonography and histological findings after D & C in women with postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Conoscenti G. , Meir Y. J. , Fischer‐Tamaro L. , Maieron A. , Natale R. , D'Ottavio G. , Rustico M. , Mandruzzato G. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA total of 149 women with postmenopausal bleeding underwent transvaginal sonography, hysteroscopy and dilatation and curettage in order to study the diagnostic accuracy of several ultrasound parameters in assessing endometrial pathology and to determine the most sensitive cut‐off value of endometrial thickness for the exclusion of endometrial lesions. In distinguishing pathological from normal endometrium, transvaginal sonography showed a sensitivity of 69.3%, specificity of 82.7%, positive predictive value of 74.1% and negative predictive value of 72.1%. In detecting premalignant and malignant endometrial pathology, transvaginal sonography showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 55%, 96.1%, 68.7% and 93.2%, respectively. Considering endometrial thickness as a single parameter, the most sensitive cut‐off for defining normality was 4 mm; nevertheless, in the group of patients that had an endometrial thickness less than 4 mm, there was one case of malignancy (sensitivity, 95.2%, specificity, 49.4%; positive predictive value, 57.3%; and negative predictive value, 93.5%). Transvaginal sonography combined evaluation (morphology, thickness and color Doppler) showed a poor diagnostic accuracy in detecting endometrial pathology and in differentiating between endometrial benign lesions, endometrial polyps and adenocarcinoma in women with postmenopausal bleeding. Endometrial thickness evaluated with transvaginal sonography was preferable but not sensitive enough to exclude endometrial pathology. Copyright © 1995 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology