bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Recent Direct Oral Anticoagulant Use: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Ghannam Malik , AlMajali Mohammad , Galecio‐Castillo Milagros , Al Qudah Abdullah , Khasiyev Farid , Dibas Mahmoud , Ghazaleh Dana , Vivanco‐Suarez Juan , Morán‐Mariños Cristian , Farooqui Mudassir , Rodriguez‐Calienes Aaron , Koul Prateeka , Roeder Hannah , Shim HyungSub , Samaniego Edgar , Leira Enrique C. , Adams Harold P. , Ortega‐Gutierrez Santiago 
Published: December 2023

Background
Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is an effective stroke therapy that remains underused. Currently, the use of IVT in patients with recent direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) intake is not recommended. In this study we aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of IVT in patients with acute ischemic stroke and recent DOAC use.

Methods and Results
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of proportions evaluating IVT with recent DOAC use was conducted. Outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, any intracranial hemorrhage, serious systemic bleeding, and 90‐day functional independence (modified Rankin scale score 0–2). Additionally, rates were compared between patients receiving IVT using DOAC and non‐DOAC by a random effect meta‐analysis to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR) for each outcome. Finally, sensitivity analysis for idarucizumab, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and timing of DOAC administration was completed. Fourteen studies with 247 079 patients were included (3610 in DOAC and 243 469 in non‐DOAC). The rates of IVT complications in the DOAC group were 3% (95% CI, 3–4) symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, 12% (95% CI, 7–19) any ICH, and 0.7% (95%CI, 0–1) serious systemic bleeding, and 90‐day functional independence was achieved in 57% (95% CI, 43–70). The rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (3.4 versus 3.5%; OR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.67–1.36]), any intracranial hemorrhage (17.7 versus 17.3%; OR, 1.23 [95% CI, 0.61–2.48]), serious systemic bleeding (0.7 versus 0.6%; OR, 1.27 [95% CI, 0.79–2.02]), and 90‐day modified Rankin scale score 0–2 (46.4 versus 56.8%; OR, 1.21 [95% CI, 0.400–3.67]) did not differ between DOAC and non‐DOAC groups. There was no difference in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate based on idarucizumab administration.

Conclusions
Patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with IVT in recent DOAC versus non‐DOAC use have similar rates of hemorrhagic complications and functional independence. Further prospective randomized trials are warranted.
Nonstationarity in the NAO–Gulf Stream SST Front Interaction
Authors: Famooss Paolini Luca , Omrani Nour-Eddine , Bellucci Alessio , Athanasiadis Panos J. , Ruggieri Paolo , Patrizio Casey R. , Keenlyside Noel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The interaction between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the latitudinal shifts of the Gulf Stream sea surface temperature front (GSF) has been the subject of extensive investigations. There are indications of nonstationarity in this interaction, but differences in the methodologies used in previous studies make it difficult to draw consistent conclusions. Furthermore, there is a lack of consensus on the key mechanisms underlying the response of the GSF to the NAO. This study assesses the possible nonstationarity in the NAO–GSF interaction and the mechanisms underlying this interaction during 1950–2020, using reanalysis data. Results show that the NAO and GSF indices covary on the decadal time scale but only during 1972–2018. A secondary peak in the NAO–GSF covariability emerges on multiannual time scales but only during 2005–15. The nonstationarity in the decadal NAO–GSF covariability is also manifested in variations in their lead–lag relationship. Indeed, the NAO tends to lead the GSF shifts by 3 years during 1972–90 and by 2 years during 1990–2018. The response of the GSF to the NAO at the decadal time scale can be interpreted as the joint effect of the fast response of wind-driven oceanic circulation, the response of deep oceanic circulation, and the propagation of Rossby waves. However, there is evidence of Rossby wave propagation only during 1972–90. Here it is suggested that the nonstationarity of Rossby wave propagation caused the time lag between the NAO and the GSF shifts on the decadal time scale to differ between the two time periods.
A Machine Learning Approach to Model Over-Ocean Tropical Cyclone Precipitation
Authors: Lockwood Joseph W. , Loridan Thomas , Lin Ning , Oppenheimer Michael , Hannah Nic 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Extreme rainfall found in tropical cyclones (TCs) is a risk for human life and property in many low- to midlatitude regions. Probabilistic modeling of TC rainfall in risk assessment and forecasting can be computationally expensive, and existing models are largely unable to model key rainfall asymmetries such as rainbands and extratropical transition. Here, a machine learning–based framework is developed to model overwater TC rainfall for the North Atlantic basin. First, a catalog of high-resolution TC precipitation simulations for 26 historical events is assembled for the North Atlantic basin using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The simulated spatial distribution of rainfall for these historical events are then decomposed via principal component analysis (PCA), and quantile regression forest (QRF) models are trained to predict the conditional distributions of the first five principal component (PC) weights. Conditional distributions of rain-rate levels are estimated separately using historical satellite data and a QRF model. With these models, probabilistic predictions of rainfall maps can be made given a set of storm characteristics and local environmental conditions. The model is able to capture storm total rainfall compared to satellite observations with a correlation coefficient of 0.96 and r2 value of 0.93. Additionally, the model shows good accuracy in modeling hourly total rainfall compared to satellite observations. Rain-rate maps predicted by the model are also compared to historical satellite observations and to the WRF simulations during cross validation, and the spatial distribution of estimates captures rainfall variability consistent with TC rainbands, wavenumber asymmetries, and possibly extratropical transition.
Peer Ethnicity as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Ethnic Identity and Body Appreciation in Black College-Aged Women
Authors: Breiner Courtney E. , Miller McKenzie L. , Sanzari Christina M. , Perry Taylor R. , Hormes Julia M. 
Published: December 2023

Strong ethnic identity is recognized as a protective factor against body image concern and eating pathology in Black women as they tend to hold cultural values in line with an acceptance of a variety of body shapes and sizes. Reinforcement of these cultural ideals may occur via same-race peer relationships. The current study examined the mediating role of same-race versus other-race peers in the relationship between ethnic identity and body appreciation in Black women. Participants were 139 Black undergraduate women ( Mage = 18.94 years, MBMI = 25.33) who completed validated measures of ethnic identity and body appreciation and reported on the ethnic makeup of their friends. We conducted mediation analysis examining the role of same-race peers on the relationship between ethnic identity and body appreciation. Same-race peers mediated the relationship between ethnic identity and body appreciation, where having a greater percentage of friends increased both ethnic identity and body appreciation in Black women. The influence of same-race peers should be considered in the development of culturally informed prevention and intervention efforts for eating pathology in Black women.
Comparison of six percent hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 and ringer’s lactate as priming solutions in patients undergoing isolated open heart valve surgery: A double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sheikhi Behzad , Rezaei Yousef , Baghaei Vaji Farnaz , Fatahi Mostafa , Hosseini Yazdi Mehdi , Totonchi Ziae , Banar Sepideh , Peighambari Mohammad Mehdi , Hosseini Saeid , Mestres Carlos - A 
Published: December 2023

Objectives Colloids are added to the priming solution of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) pump to maintain colloid osmotic pressure and prevent fluid overload. This study aimed to compare the effects of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 and ringer’s lactate (RL) priming solution on patients’ outcomes undergoing isolated heart valve surgery with CPB. Methods This randomized clinical trial included one hundred and 20 patients undergoing heart valve surgery, and those were allocated into two groups. Patients in the RL group received 1500 mL of RL, and those in the RL + HES group were given 500 mL of HES and 1000 mL of RL. Results The patients’ median age was 52 (IQR 42–60) and 50 (IQR 40–61) years in the RL + HES and the RL group, respectively ( p = .71). The number of cases that required blood product transfusion in both the operating room and intensive care unit was also significantly higher in the RL + HES group compared to the RL group (RR 2.04, 95% CI 1.50–2.76; p < .01 and RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.01–2.01; p = .05, respectively). Declines in postoperative creatinine levels and platelet counts were higher in the RL + HES compared to the RL group (between-subjects effect p = .007 and p = .038, respectively), while the incidence of acute kidney injury was comparable between groups (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.13–3.30; p = .55). Conclusions Among patients undergoing heart valve surgery with CPB, 6% HES added to RL for priming compared with only RL increased the risk of the need for blood product transfusion over the hospitalization period.
Sociodemographic Correlates of Low Health Literacy Skills Among Cancer Survivors: National Findings From BRFSS 2016
Authors: Chen Qi , Moore John , Noel Lailea , von Sternberg Kirk , Jones Barbara 
Published: December 2023

Purpose This study aimed to explore associations of sociodemographic factors with difficulties in three health literacy (HL) skills and the severity of low HL skills. Design Cross-sectional secondary data analysis. Subjects: Data came from 17,834 adults who responded to the HL module with a response rate of 47% in the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Measures Independent variables included sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, employment and income. Dependent variables are three HL skills: obtaining, understanding oral, and understanding written health information. Analysis We conducted weighted Chi-square tests and multinominal logistic regressions. Results Cancer survivors younger than 65 (aged 18-39: AOR = 4.46, P < .001; aged 40-64: AOR = 2.29, P < .001), Hispanic (AOR = 2.17, CI = 1.61-2.50, P < .01) had higher odds of difficulty obtaining health information. Female cancer survivors had lower odds of difficulty comprehending oral (AOR = .69, CI = .55-.87, P < .01) and written (AOR = .58, CI = .46-.74, P < .001) information. The relative risk ratio of having difficulties in three HL tasks was higher for those who were younger than 65 (aged 18-39: RRR = 10.18, CI = 2.41-4.3, P < .01; aged 40-64: RRR = 4.01, CI = 2.09-7.69, P < .001), Hispanic (RRR = 3.24, CI = 1.66-11.34, P < .01), unemployed (RRR = 6.1, CI = 2.88-12.76, P < .001), education levels lower than some college (some high school: RRR = 4.34, P < .01; high school: RRR = 2.62, P < .05) and household income under $25,000 (RRR = 6.99, CI = 2.8-17.5, P < .001). Conclusion Intervention and communication materials need to be tailored for patients with different HL skills considering age, gender, socioeconomic status and cultural backgrounds.
A file audit of gym usage in an Australian private inpatient psychiatric hospital
Authors: Lakeman Richard , Moloney Andrew , Emeleus Mary 
Published: December 2023

Objective This study aimed to determine the extent to which people admitted to a private psychiatric inpatient unit access and utilise the gymnasium and individualised coaching with an exercise physiologist (EP). Methods An audit of the medical record of 100 consecutive discharges and 60 individuals referred to an EP during the audit period was undertaken. Selected demographic information, physical health status, psychiatric diagnosis and routinely collected outcome data were extracted from files. Results Twenty-four percent of people discharged from the hospital had documentary evidence of having attended the gym. These people were noted to have used the gym regularly and had an exercise prescription documented on discharge. Those with substance use disorder were more likely to use the gym than those diagnosed with an affective disorder. There were no significant differences in outcomes between those who were noted to exercise and those who did not. Conclusion Those who may most benefit from coaching around exercise in the context of hospital admission are not presently the individuals most likely to be referred to an EP. Standardised procedures for assessment, referral, exercise prescription and ongoing monitoring of activity and outcomes are recommended across the care continuum.
Enhancing knowledge and practices toward Vitamin D deficiency through implementing awareness programs among medical science female students
Authors: Alhuthali Hayaa M. , Alzahrani Hind A. , Ataya Eman F. , Almehmadi Mazen , Alsaiari Ahad Amer , Alrehaili Amani A. , Bakhuraysah Maha M. , Alsaeedi Fouzeyyah Ali , Alsalmi Ohud , Altalhi Wafaa , Gharib Amal F. , Ramadan Eman N. 
Published: December 2023

Objectives Vitamin D (VD) deficiency has widespread prevalence worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, it is the most common form of public health problem with regard to malnutrition. This is because there is insufficient knowledge about negative VD practices. The current study aimed to evaluate VD deficiency knowledge and practices before and after the implementation of an awareness programme. Methods A quasi-experimental design was used for the study, which was conducted at the College of Applied Medical Science at Al-Baha University. A convenience sample encompassing all the female students in the Public Health Department was used ( n = 83 students). Two tools were used for data collection; the first was an intervention questionnaire to assess the students’ knowledge, and the second was a questionnaire concerned with students’ practices in preventing VD deficiency. Results The mean age of the students was 20.75 ± 7.85 years. Of the study’s subjects, 45.8% suffered from VD deficiency and 72.3% had a family history of VD deficiency. The study showed that there had been significant progress in students’ VD knowledge and behaviours following the programme. While 59% of the students had poor knowledge and 95.2% had unsatisfactory practices pre-intervention, 86.7% and 48.2% showed exemplary knowledge and a positive attitude towards VD, respectively, post-intervention. The scores achieved by the students had significantly changed ( p ≤ .01); compared to the knowledge and practice scores of 24.43 ± 7.21 out of 53 and 24.29 ± 5.23 out of 48, respectively, before the intervention, they were elevated to 46.89 ± 9.93 and 29.39 ± 14.23 following the awareness programme. Conclusion This type of health education programme can raise VD deficiency knowledge and improve practices. This study highlights the importance of holding public health awareness campaigns and recommends the creation of specifically designed booklets and leaflets for medical students and patients/visitors to hospital and public places.
ENDOANGEL versus water exchange for the detection of colorectal adenomas
Authors: Liu Pengwei , Wu Jie , He Chiyi , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2023

Background: Recently, the ENDOANGEL (EN) system, a computer-assisted detection technique, and water exchange (WE) assisted colonoscopy have both been shown to increase the colorectal adenoma detection rate (ADR). Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the ADR between EN- and WE-assisted colonoscopy. Design: This was a retrospective study. Methods: Data from patients who underwent either EN- or WE-assisted colonoscopy between October 2021 and August 2022 were analysed consecutively. The primary outcome measure was the ADR. Results: The ADR was found to be similar between the EN and WE groups, with 80 out of 199 (40.2%) patients in the EN group compared to 78 out of 174 (44.8%) patients in the WE group [1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.80–1.83]. In the analysis using stabilized inverse probability treatment weighting after adjustment for confounding factors, both colonoscopy methods had similar performance in terms of ADR (1.41; 95% CI, 0.88–2.27). Conclusion: EN was found to be comparable to WE in terms of ADR during colonoscopy, and both methods may be effectively used in clinical practice.
Successful minimally invasive simple hepatic cyst ablation via ethanol sclerotherapy in a cat
Authors: Pfahl Madison , Gallaher Hayley M 
Published: December 2023

Case summary A 12-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat was evaluated at the Michigan State University Veterinary Medical Center (MSU-VMC) for an abdominal cyst that was initially noted on ultrasound 1 year prior by the referring veterinarian. The cystic mass was causing clinical signs, including vomiting, diarrhea, hyporexia and abdominal pain. Cyst drainage had originally been performed every few months, but by referral, the required frequency of drainage had increased to every 2 weeks for a total of eight drainage events; therefore, a more definitive curative option was sought. CT evaluation revealed a large simple hepatic cyst – largest diameter 7.2 cm – likely associated with the right medial liver lobe. Minimally invasive ethanol sclerotherapy was performed. A locking-loop catheter was placed percutaneously and transhepatically into the cyst using ultrasound guidance. The cyst was drained, and contrast injected under fluoroscopic guidance to ensure no communication between the cyst and liver. Sclerotherapy was performed using a volume of 99.5% ethanol calculated from the volume of cyst fluid removed. The patient was discharged on the same day and had complete resolution of clinical signs. At a 6-month follow-up, the cyst had decreased in volume by an estimated 95%. The patient remains asymptomatic more than 1 year postoperatively. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first report of a feline hepatic cyst treated via percutaneous transhepatic ethanol ablation. Minimally invasive simple hepatic cyst ablation is a viable treatment option in cats that could avoid the need for a more invasive surgical intervention.
Market Efficiency and Stock Investment Loss Aversion Guide During COVID-19 Pandemic Events: The Case for Applying Data Mining
Authors: Chen Yen-Chang , Liu Ying-Sing 
Published: December 2023

This study explores the late coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, particularly, 2022Q1 to 2022Q3, to analyze the stock returns of industries expected to have a direct impact. The aim is to identify the factors influencing stock returns and to provide investment strategies, focusing on investment risk control (loss aversion). A total of 193 common stocks listed on the Taiwanese stock market were collected from four major industries: sports, restaurants, biotechnology, and epidemic prevention. Using the past information set (2021Q4): variables in three dimensions—firm characteristics, financial indicators, and corporate governance—are used to construct a stock investment strategy model. Empirical evidence shows the existence of differences in the stock investment advantages of some industries and firm characteristics and the lack of investment advantages of epidemic prevention stocks in 2020. The decision-tree model has a precision of 79.4% and an accuracy of 72.0%. The five most important factors affecting stock returns are market value, cash flow adequacy ratio, return on assets, Tobin’s Q, and price/book value. The scheme inducting three types of losses of return (loser) and one type of profit (winner) is summarized for reference. Second, it confirms the correlation between past information sets and stock returns, suggesting that Taiwan’s stock market was inefficient during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, this study’s findings can be used as a reference for future fund managers and investors when handling similar events. JEL Classification: G11, G14, C88, I15
Extending Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Policy Framework Through an Analysis of How Community Health Workers in India Are Driving Policy Changes
Authors: Santosh Sanjana , Kane Sumit 
Published: December 2023

In this paper we develop and provide a novel account of the process through which the Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), a cadre of seemingly powerless community health workers in India, are navigating a complex policy process to incrementally achieve their goals. ASHAs have been demanding better working conditions, better compensation, and regularisation as public service employees through protests and strikes and have managed to gain concessions from both the Central and various State governments. We observed two important aspects that emerged: (a) ASHAs achieved incremental increases in their wages despite being the lowest in the health system hierarchy, and, (b) major gains were made during the 2 years of the pandemic. We examine and analyse ASHAs’ engagement and strategies used, both overt and covert, sometimes with the government, and the role of other actors in determining these policy outcomes. We do so by drawing on academic literature and news media reports; we trace the changes in ASHAs’ wages by tying together key events, ‘windows of opportunity’, and actions of ‘policy entrepreneurs’ involved in the process. In doing so, we further develop and propose an extension to Kingdon’s multiple streams policy framework through the addition of a ‘narrative stream’.
Ridge regression and deep learning models for genome-wide selection of complex traits in New Mexican Chile peppers
Authors: Lozada Dennis N. , Sandhu Karansher Singh , Bhatta Madhav 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundGenomewide prediction estimates the genomic breeding values of selection candidates which can be utilized for population improvement and cultivar development. Ridge regression and deep learning-based selection models were implemented for yield and agronomic traits of 204 chile pepper genotypes evaluated in multi-environment trials in New Mexico, USA.ResultsAccuracy of prediction differed across different models under ten-fold cross-validations, where high prediction accuracy was observed for highly heritable traits such as plant height and plant width. No model was superior across traits using 14,922 SNP markers for genomewide selection. Bayesian ridge regression had the highest average accuracy for first pod date (0.77) and total yield per plant (0.33). Multilayer perceptron (MLP) was the most superior for flowering time (0.76) and plant height (0.73), whereas the genomic BLUP model had the highest accuracy for plant width (0.62). Using a subset of 7,690 SNP loci resulting from grouping markers based on linkage disequilibrium coefficients resulted in improved accuracy for first pod date, ten pod weight, and total yield per plant, even under a relatively small training population size for MLP and random forest models. Genomic and ridge regression BLUP models were sufficient for optimal prediction accuracies for small training population size. Combining phenotypic selection and genomewide selection resulted in improved selection response for yield-related traits, indicating that integrated approaches can result in improved gains achieved through selection.ConclusionsAccuracy values for ridge regression and deep learning prediction models demonstrate the potential of implementing genomewide selection for genetic improvement in chile pepper breeding programs. Ultimately, a large training data is relevant for improved genomic selection accuracy for the deep learning models.