bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the interdependence of insertion forces, insertion speed, and lubrication: Aspects to consider when testing cochlear implant electrodes
Authors: Fröhlich Max , Schurzig Daniel , Rau Thomas S. , Lenarz Thomas 
Published: January 2024

Objectives
During the insertion of cochlear implant (CI) electrode arrays, forces occur which may cause trauma and poorer hearing outcomes. Unfortunately, research groups investigating factors influencing insertion forces come to contradicting results, especially regarding insertion speed. This study was conducted to investigate the origin of these contradicting results and to determine how different testing conditions influence experimental findings.

Methods
Repeated, automated insertions with three different FLEX28 CI electrode arrays (MED-EL, Innsbruck, Austria) were performed into a newly developed, anatomically correct and 3D-printed mean scala tympani phantom. The testing protocol for each electrode included variations in insertion speed (v = 0.1–2.0 mm/s) and lubrication (90%, 50%, and 10% liquid soap), resulting in 51 insertions per electrode array and a total of 153 insertions.

Results
The test setup and protocol allowed for repeatable insertions with only minimal change in the morphology of the insertion force profiles per testing condition. Strong but varying dependencies of the maximal insertion forces and work were found regarding both lubrication and speed: work-speed dependency is constant for the 10% lubricant, negative for the 50% lubricant and positive for the 90% lubricant.

Conclusion
Our results can explain part of the contradicting results found within previous studies by translating interrelations known from lubricated rubber friction to the field of CI electrode array insertion. We show that the main driver behind measured bulk forces are most likely the generated friction forces, which are strongly dependent on insertion speed and lubrication. The employed test setup allows for conducting repeatable and comparable insertion studies, which can be recapitulated by other centers due to the detailed explanation of the test setup as well as the developed and freely available insertion phantom. This study hence represents another important step toward standardizing CI array insertion testing.
BORATION OF HUMIC ACIDS OF VARIOUS ORIGIN
Authors: Yarkova Tat `yana Aleksandrovna 
Published: January 2024

Humic acids of various origins can be subjected to targeted structural changes. The presence of active functional groups makes it possible to obtain preparations based on these natural compounds containing elements that are initially absent in natural humic acids, for example, borinated. The paper shows the fundamental possibility of obtaining boron-containing humic preparations. It has been established that humic acids of peat and brown coal origin are borated differently: the boron content in modified brown coal preparations is 15–30% higher than in peat preparations, which is consistent with the number of oxygen-containing functional groups. The process of hydrolysis of boron-containing humic preparations has been investigated. The ability of the modified peat humic preparation to increase the mass of the aboveground and root parts of plants by 1.5–2 times, and the brown coal – to increase the number of buds by 2 times compared with peat was revealed.
Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib in the Treatment of Chronic Pouchitis, Cuffitis, and Crohn's Disease of the Pouch
Authors: Lan Nan , Shen Bo 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Upadacitinib has shown efficacy in the treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (CD). The use of upadacitinib in the treatment of chronic antibiotics-refractory pouchitis (CARP), as well as CD of the pouch, has not been previously reported. We treated a series of 6 patients with CARP or CD of the pouch with a minimal 6 weeks of upadacitinib. The patients showed minimal or no significant improvement in clinical and endoscopic presentations. Our findings warrant further study to validate the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in the treatment of CARP or CD of the pouch.
Polonia Restituta – w dziewięćdziesiątą rocznicę
Authors: Grodziski Stanisław 
Published: January 2024

The 90-year period that has passed since Poland regained independence after partitions has not as yet been fully accounted for and objectively evaluated. The whole period may be divided in three clearly cut epochs:
I. The Second Republic of Poland (1918-1945),II. The Polish People's Republic (1944-1989), III. The Third Republic of Poland (1989 onwards).
In the Polish historiography each of the three epochs has been described and assessed. However, there remain certain issues that must be handled and explained, the objective truth must be recognised, and all facts brought to light. Only when that is done, Polonia Restituta will finally enjoy a full and complete account of its then unabridged history.
Continuous CM-regularity and generic vanishing
Authors: Raychaudhury Debaditya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the continuous CM-regularity of torsion-free coherent sheaves on polarized irregular smooth projective varieties (X, O
X
(1)), and its relation with the theory of generic vanishing. This continuous variant of the Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity was introduced by Mustopa, and he raised the question whether a continuously 1-regular such sheaf F is GV.
Here we answer the question in the affirmative for many pairs (X, O
X
(1)) which includes the case of any polarized abelian variety. Moreover, for these pairs, we show that if F is continuously k-regular for some positive integer k ≤ dim X, then F is a GV−(k−1) sheaf. Further, we extend the notion of continuous CM-regularity to a real valued function on the ℚ-twisted bundles on polarized abelian varieties (X, O
X
(1)), and we show that this function can be extended to a continuous function on N
1(X)ℝ. We also provide syzygetic consequences of our results for Oℙ(E)(1) on ℙ(ɛ) associated to a 0-regular bundle ɛ on polarized abelian varieties.
In particular, we show that Oℙ(E)(1) satisfies the Np
property if the base-point freeness threshold of the class of O
X
(1) in N
1(X) is less than 1/(p + 2). This result is obtained using a theorem in the Appendix A written by Atsushi Ito.
Duality related with key varieties of ℚ-Fano threefolds constructed from projective bundles
Authors: Takagi Hiromichi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In our previous paper [31], we show that all primeℚ-Fano 3-folds X with only 1/2(1, 1, 1)-singularities in certain 5 classes can be embedded as linear sections into bigger dimensionalℚ-Fano varieties called key varieties; each key variety is constructed from data of the Sarkisov link starting from the blow-up at one 1/2(1, 1, 1)-singularity of X. In this paper, we introduce varieties associated with the key varieties which are dual in a certain sense. As an application, we interpret a fundamental part of the Sarkisov link for each X as a linear section of the dual variety. In a natural context describing the variety dual to the key variety of X of genus 5 with one 1/2(1, 1, 1)-singularity, we also characterize a general canonical curve of genus 9 with a

g

7

2

.

$g_{7}^{2}.$
A note on polarized varieties with high nef value
Authors: Liu Zhining 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the classification problem for polarized varieties with high nef value. We give a complete list of isomorphism classes for normal polarized varieties with high nef value. This generalizes classical work on the smooth case by Fujita, Beltrametti and Sommese. As a consequence we obtain that polarized varieties with slc singularities and high nef value are birationally equivalent to projective bundles over nodal curves.
The precarious lives of others: studying community, treatment, and precarity in Homebound
Authors: John Shobha Elizabeth 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper explores themes of precarity, community, and treatment in the novel Homebound (2021) by Puja Changoiwala. The text foregrounds the experiences of migrant workers in India during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 as they walked home during a nationwide lockdown. The paper locates itself within discourses on health, differential treatment, and intersectional vulnerabilities which are compounded by factors including gender and poverty. It particularly highlights the concepts of precariousness and precarity as opening up multiple avenues for exploration of the migrants’ experience within the neoliberal political economy. The paper argues that it is the pre-existing precarities that are systemic, epistemic, and gendered, which aggravate the vulnerability of communities in a medical crisis. Furthermore, it looks at how social and medical treatment of the workers facilitates violence at the hands of those who perceive them as the ill-other – the police forces, the public, the healthcare workers, and the media. It also questions the logic that underlines spaces such as pandemic camps, which become sites of control more than care, and where medical treatment is inhered in socio-political biases and constructs. The paper argues that apprehending these experiences of socioeconomic and gendered precarities through literature can aid in developing a complex and sustained engagement with unequal socio-political systems that perpetuate violence and vulnerability.
Geodetic advances in Estonia 2018–2022
Authors: Kollo Karin , Ellmann Artu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Geodetic advances in Estonia within the Nordic Geodetic Commission activity term 2018–2022 are reviewed. The new Estonian height and gravity systems and a new geoid model, EST-GEOID207, have been implemented. A national global navigation satellite system (GNSS) satellite data centre (ESTPOS) was established at the Estonian Land Board (ELB). ELB has also acquired instruments capable of detecting GNSS interference. ELB and Latvian Geospatial Information Agency conducted the Interreg-funded joint Estonian–Latvian cross-border project “Harmonization of Estonian and Latvian geodetic systems in the border areas” within 2021–2022.
Identifying topology of leaky photonic lattices with machine learning
Authors: Smolina Ekaterina , Smirnov Lev , Leykam Daniel , Nori Franco , Smirnova Daria 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We show how machine learning techniques can be applied for the classification of topological phases in finite leaky photonic lattices using limited measurement data. We propose an approach based solely on a single real-space bulk intensity image, thus exempt from complicated phase retrieval procedures. In particular, we design a fully connected neural network that accurately determines topological properties from the output intensity distribution in dimerized waveguide arrays with leaky channels, after propagation of a spatially localized initial excitation at a finite distance, in a setting that closely emulates realistic experimental conditions.
Reconfigurable application-specific photonic integrated circuit for solving partial differential equations
Authors: Ye Jiachi , Shen Chen , Peserico Nicola , Meng Jiawei , Ma Xiaoxuan , Nouri Behrouz Movahhed , Popescu Cosmin-Constantin , Hu Juejun , Kang Haoyan , Wang Hao , El-Ghazawi Tarek , Dalir Hamed , Sorger Volker J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Solving mathematical equations faster and more efficiently has been a Holy Grail for centuries for scientists and engineers across all disciplines. While electronic digital circuits have revolutionized equation solving in recent decades, it has become apparent that performance gains from brute-force approaches of compute-solvers are quickly saturating over time. Instead, paradigms that leverage the universes’ natural tendency to minimize a system’s free energy, such as annealers or Ising Machines, are being sought after due to favorable complexity scaling. Here, we introduce a programmable analog solver leveraging the formal mathematical equivalence between Maxwell’s equations and photonic circuitry. It features a mesh network of nanophotonic beams to find solutions to partial differential equations. As an example, we designed, fabricated, and demonstrated a novel application-specific photonic integrated circuit comprised of electro-optically reconfigurable nodes and experimentally validated 90 % accuracy with respect to a commercial solver. Finally, we tested this photonic integrated chip performance by simulating thermal diffusion on a spacecraft’s heat shield during re-entry to a planet’s atmosphere. The programmable light-circuitry presented herein offers a facile route for solving complex problems and thus will have profound potential applications across many scientific and engineering fields.
In silico and in vitro profiling of coumarins and flavonoids for anti-Alzheimer and antioxidant activity
Authors: Osman Limya Yagoup , Awad Talal Ahmed , Abdalla Sahar , El-Faki Mohamed Osman , Ali Amna , Fadul Alla Eltayeb Fadul 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we examined the potential anti-Alzheimer’s and antioxidant activities of 12 analogs of coumarin and flavone compounds. Notably, nitro coumarins 6 and 7 demonstrated noteworthy activity against acetylcholinesterase, although they did not exhibit antioxidant properties. Among the tested compounds, four flavones and one coumarin displayed dual activity as both inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and antioxidants. Particularly, flavone 9 exhibited exceptional antioxidant activity as well as substantial anti-cholinesterase activity. Molecular docking techniques were employed to investigate the relationship between the anti-Alzheimer’s and antioxidant potential of the compounds. Intriguingly, compound 9 displayed the strongest binding energy values with both monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) enzyme (−15.70 kcal/mol) and acetylcholinesterase enzyme (−21.70 kcal/mol), indicating that its antioxidant activity may be attributed to MAO-B inhibition. The pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of five compounds (5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) were examined using pkCSM server, revealing varying characteristics in absorption, CYP enzyme interactions, and toxicity. Compound 8 displays high absorption and lower toxicity, while Compound 6 emerges as a promising candidate due to favorable overall attributes. Nonetheless, comprehensive evaluation, including clinical studies, is crucial for determining their suitability for human use.
Characterization of glass composite material by pressureless sintering of soil and its application to uranium contaminated soil as a waste form
Authors: Hwang Jaewoong , Koo Jaseung , Lee Keunyoung 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
When operating and dismantling a nuclear facility that handles uranium, the surrounding soil may be contaminated, emphasizing the need for appropriate treatment and disposal methods for soil waste. This study assessed high-temperature sintering technology for uranium contaminated soil waste to overcome limitations in existing decontamination methods and the volume increase associated with current solidification technology. The sintering process was found to effectively vitrify and re-mineralize complex chemical components in the soil. Sintered bodies were produced under varying conditions, adjusting molding pressure, heating temperature, and time. Optimized conditions resulted in sintered bodies with a volume reduction rate exceeding 30 % and a compressive strength surpassing 10 MPa, indicating a significant impact on the phase conversion and re-mineralization of silt and clay minerals. The soil sintering mechanism was identified through comprehensive microscopic observations and mineral phase change analysis. Leaching evaluations of sintered bodies, made from simulated uranium-contaminated soil, demonstrated their applicability to contaminated soil wastes. Additionally, it was confirmed that the sintering temperature of the soil could be lowered by incorporating a small amount of B2O3, suggesting a means to enhance the economic feasibility of the treatment process. The findings of this study highlight the applicability of pressureless sintering technology, based on glass composite materials, capable of simultaneously reducing and stabilizing uranium-contaminated soil waste.
Stability Analysis of Binary Wing Flutter Based on Cyclic Symmetry Algorithm in Internet of Things Environment
Authors: Wang Jinliang , Gao Weicheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper studies the flutter stability analysis characteristics of the two-dimensional wing based on the cyclic symmetry algorithm. First, the cyclic symmetry algorithm is analyzed. The two-dimensional wing model and the wing model with two degrees of freedom of pitch and heave are designed. According to the two models, the aerodynamic model and the wing dynamic equation are constructed. Without considering the random disturbance of the equations, the zero-balance characteristic matrix is designed, and the Mach number of the incoming flow is selected as the bifurcation parameter to judge the stability of the binary wing. In the simulation experiment, the influence of “wing/air” mass ratio and “heave/pitch” natural vibration frequency ratio on flutter velocity boundary is mainly studied. From the research results, it can be seen that the analysis effect of this algorithm is good, and the adverse effect of hysteresis nonlinear factors can be reduced by increasing the natural vibration frequency ratio.
Use-dependent, untapped dual kinase signaling localized in brain learning circuitry
Authors: Sears James C. , Broadie Kendal 
Published: January 2024

Imaging brain learning and memory circuit kinase signaling is a monumental challenge. Theseparation ofphases-basedactivityreporter ofkinase (SPARK) biosensors allow circuit-localized studies of multiple interactive kinasesin vivo, including protein kinase A (PKA) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. In the precisely-mappedDrosophilabrain learning/memory circuit, we find PKA and ERK signaling differentially enriched in distinct Kenyon cell connectivity nodes. We discover that potentiating normal circuit activity induces circuit-localized PKA and ERK signaling, expanding kinase function within new presynaptic and postsynaptic domains. Activity-induced PKA signaling shows extensive overlap with previously selective ERK signaling nodes, while activity-induced ERK signaling arises in new connectivity nodes. We find targeted synaptic transmission blockade in Kenyon cells elevates circuit-localized ERK induction in Kenyon cells with normally high baseline ERK signaling, suggesting lateral and feedback inhibition. We discover overexpression of the pathway-linking Meng-Po (human SBK1) serine/threonine kinase to improve learning acquisition and memory consolidation results in dramatically heightened PKA and ERK signaling in separable Kenyon cell circuit connectivity nodes, revealing both synchronized and untapped signaling potential. Finally, we find that a mechanically-induced epileptic seizure model (easily shocked“bang-sensitive” mutants) has strongly elevated, circuit-localized PKA and ERK signaling. Both sexes were used in all experiments, except for the hemizygous male-only seizure model. Hyperexcitable, learning-enhanced, and epileptic seizure models have comparably elevated interactive kinase signaling, suggesting a common basis of use-dependent induction. We conclude that PKA and ERK signaling modulation is locally coordinated in use-dependent spatial circuit dynamics underlying seizure susceptibility linked to learning/memory potential.Significance StatementCritical protein kinases act in learning/memory circuits to enable experience-dependent plasticity. This work images kinase signalingin vivoto elucidate circuit-level organization relative to mapped connectivity nodes. We discover different kinases exhibit heightened signaling in different circuit domains, which is dramatically reorganized by use-dependent synaptic transmission and circuit activity levels. We discover the newest learning/memory kinase, Meng-Po/SBK1, co-regulates different kinases within distinct circuit connectivity nodes. Targeted over-expression of Meng-Po/SBK1 improves learning and memory, and elevates kinase signaling, indicating untapped kinase signaling potential may enhance capabilities to learn and remember. Linked heightened seizure susceptibility similarly increases kinase signaling in learning/memory circuitry, indicating a trade-off of benefit for instability. This work mechanistically connects hyperexcitation seizure susceptibility and learning/memory via circuit-level kinase signaling.
Transfer Patterns Among Infants Born at 28 to 34 Weeks’ Gestation
Authors: Handley Sara C. , Salazar Elizabeth G. , Kunz Sarah N. , Lorch Scott A. , Edwards Erika M. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Although postnatal transfer patterns among high-risk (eg, extremely preterm or surgical) infants have been described, transfer patterns among lower-risk populations are unknown. The objective was to examine transfer frequency, indication, timing, and trajectory among very and moderate preterm infants.

METHODS
Observational study of the US Vermont Oxford Network all NICU admissions database from 2016 to 2021 of inborn infants 280/7 to 346/7 weeks. Infants’ first transfer was assessed by gestational age, age at transfer, reason for transfer, and transfer trajectory.

RESULTS
Across 467 hospitals, 294 229 infants were eligible, of whom 12 552 (4.3%) had an initial disposition of transfer. The proportion of infants transferred decreased with increasing gestational age (9.6% [n = 1415] at 28 weeks vs 2.4% [n = 2646] at 34 weeks) as did the median age at time of transfer (47 days [interquartile range 30–73] at 28 weeks vs 8 days [interquartile range 3–16] at 34 weeks). The median post menstrual age at transfer was 34 or 35 weeks across all gestational ages. The most common reason for transfer was growth or discharge planning (45.0%) followed by medical and diagnostic services (30.2%), though this varied by gestation. In this cohort, 42.7% of transfers were to a higher-level unit, 10.2% to a same-level unit, and 46.7% to a lower-level unit, with indication reflecting access to specific services.

CONCLUSIONS
Over 4% of very and moderate preterm infants are transferred. In this population, the median age of transfer is later and does not reflect immediate care needs after birth, but rather the provision of risk-appropriate care.
Dynamical model for dog clutch shiftability
Authors: Aljawabrah Ayham , Lovas Laszlo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe dog clutch offers advantages in mass and efficiency, but faces challenges in mismatch speed synchronization, which affects its shiftability. Face impact between dog teeth also reduces its lifespan. Our previous work introduced the kinematical shiftability condition that ensures impact-free gearshift but had limitations due to analysis assumptions. This study eliminates those assumptions, but uses a similar approach. Based on our previous work for dog clutch engagement dynamics, we develop the dynamical shiftability condition. Validation with full dog clutch dynamics showed an agreement. Employing another previous work that introduced shiftability map and parametric study method, we study system parameters impact on shiftability but based on the dynamical shiftability condition.