bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel allelic variations in Tannin1 and Tannin2 contribute to tannin absence in sorghum
Authors: Zhang Wenbin , Benke Ryan , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Huawen , Zhao Cunyuan , Zhao Yu , Xu Ying , Wang Hailian , Liu Shubing , Li Xianran , Wu Yuye 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sorghum is an important food crop commonly used for brewing, feed, and bioenergy. Certain genotypes of sorghum contain high concentration of condensed tannins in seeds, which are beneficial such as protecting grains from herbivore bird pests but also impair grain quality and digestibility. Previously, we identified Tannin1 and Tannin2, each with three recessive causal alleles, regulate tannin absence in sorghum. In this study, via characterizing 421 sorghum accessions, we further identified three novel recessive alleles from these two genes. The tan1-d allele contains a 12-bp deletion at position 659 and the tan1-eallele contains a 10-bp deletion at position 771 in Tannin1. The tan2-dallele contains a C-to-T transition, which results in a premature stop codon before the bHLH domain in Tannin2, was predominantly selected in China. We further developedKASP assays targeted these identified recessive alleles to efficiently genotype large population. These study provided new insights in sorghum domestication and convenient tool for breeding program.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves cognitive impairment via the regulation of SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis in rats with ischemic stroke
Authors: Li Qian , Luo Can , Deng Yuguo , Tang Xiangyu , Shao Haoyue , Saeed Azzam , Han Xiaohua , Huang Xiaolin , Guo Feng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI) is a common functional disorder after stroke, but effective therapies are limited. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive neuromodulatory technique, has been increasingly applied to aid recovery of cognitive function. Despite the wide application of rTMS in clinical researches, the underlying mechanisms remain largely undetermined. This study hypothesized that rTMS improves PSCI by regulating the expressions of SDF-1α/CXCR-4, which of vital significance in cerebral ischemia. An ischemic stroke rat model was established by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO). The infarct volume was assessed by T2WI. DTI was conducted to evaluate white matter damage. Behavior tests including modified neurological severity scores(mNSS) and morris water maze(MWM) were performed. Western blotting and Real-Time PCR were performed to measure the expressions of the SDF-1α/CXCR4 in the ipsilateral brain. AMD3100 was used to confirm the effects of SDF-1α/CXCR4 signalling. The results showed that 10 Hz rTMS reduced cerebral infarct volumes and attenuated white matter lesion. Besides, 10 Hz rTMS improved the neurological recovery and cognitive deficits in rats with MCAO. In addition, 10Hz rTMS augmented the expression levels of the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis after ischemic stroke. Furthermore, rTMS-induced functional improvements were abolished by the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100. Our research provides further evidence that 10 Hz rTMS could relieve structural impairments in the ipsilateral brain and alleviate PSCI after ischemic stroke, which was mightly associated with activating of SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis.
Challenges to the operation of brazilian LTCIs and changes in oversight
Authors: Oliveira Letycia Parreira , Silva Henrique Salmazo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Despite 18 years since health surveillance regulations were promulgated in Brazil to govern Long-Term Care Institutions for the Elderly (LTCIs), many institutions fail to comply with the Differentiated Regime for Public Procurement (Resolution No. 502/2021) due to structural and operational conditions.
This study aimed to investigate Brazilian LTCI managers' understanding of challenges that significantly impact institutional operation and gather suggestions for enhancing RDC No. 502/21.
Methods A cross-sectional, exploratory, and qualitative study was conducted, involving 90 managers or technical supervisors from Brazilian LTCIs. Data were collected using a self-administered Google Forms instrument and analyzed through Thematic Analysis based on the Organizing for Quality (OQ) framework.
Results The most impactful challenges for LTCIs were healthcare, financing, human resources, relationship with oversight bodies, and family members. Proposed improvements for RDC No. 502/21 included enhanced professional training, infrastructure revision, increased financial support from the state, realistic oversight/regulations, and tailored monitoring approaches.
Conclusions LTCIs in Brazil face numerous challenges, and the suggested improvements aim to adapt regulations to institutional realities. However, considering the regulations' variability and purposes, further investigation is warranted.
Bacterial pathogens in Ixodes ricinus collected from lizards Lacerta agilis and Zootoca vivipara in urban areas of Wrocław, SW Poland – preliminary study
Authors: Dyczko Dagmara , Krysmann Alicja , Kolanek Aleksandra , Borczyk Bartosz , Kiewra Dorota 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the level of infection of Ixodes ricinus ticks with pathogens (Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., and Anaplasma spp.) collected from Lacerta agilis and Zootoca vivipara lizards in the urban areas of Wrocław (SW Poland). The study was carried out in July-August 2020. Lizards were caught by a noose attached to a pole or by bare hands, identified by species, and examined for the presence of ticks. Each lizard was then released at the site of capture. Ticks were removed with tweezers, identified by species using keys, and molecular tests were performed for the presence of pathogens.
From 28 lizards (17 specimens of Z. vivipara and 11 specimens of L. agilis) a total of 445 ticks, including 321 larvae and 124 nymphs, identified as I. ricinus were collected. A larger number of ticks were obtained from L. agiliscompared to Z. vivipara. Molecular tests for the presence of pathogens were performed on 445 specimens of I. ricinus. The nested PCR method for the fla gene allowed the detection of Borrelia spp. in 9.4% of ticks, and it was higher in ticks from L. agilis (12.0%) than from Z. vivipara (1.0%). The RFLP method showed the presence of three species, including two belonging to the B. burgdorferi s.l. complex (B. lusitaniae and B. afzelii), and B. miyamotoi. The overall level of infection of Rickettsia spp. was 19.3%, including 27.2% in ticks collected from Z. vivipara and 17.0% from L. agilis. Sequencing of randomly selected samples confirmed the presence of R. helvetica. DNA of Anaplasma spp. was detected only in one pool of larvae collected from L. agilis, and sample sequencing confirmed the presence of A. phagocytophilum.
The research results indicate the important role of lizards as hosts of ticks and their role in maintaining pathogens in the environment including urban aglomeration as evidenced by the first recorded presence of B. miyamotoi and A. phagocytophilum in I. ricinus ticks collected from L. agilis. However, confirmation of the role of sand lizards in maintaining B. miyamotoi and A. phagocytophilum requires more studies and sampling of lizard tissue.
Feasibility Assessment of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Bioresorbable Cardiovascular Stents Manufactured via Solvent-Cast Direct Writing Extrusion
Authors: Casanova-Batlle Enric , Montero-Coedo Samuel , Bosch Aniol , Guerra Antonio , Ciurana Joaquim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Bioresorbable stents have emerged as promising alternatives to drug-eluting stents in the field of cardiovascular interventions. In addition, additive manufacturing technologies have been explored for the fabrication of cardiovascular stents, thus offering features such as customization and versatility. One of the techniques used for the manufacture of the stents has been the deposition of inks, since it allows a wide range of biocompatible materials. This study explores the potential of solvent-cast direct writing 3D printing to fabricate cardiovascular stents using user and environmentally friendly solvents.
Methodology: Polyvinyl alcohol, a biocompatible synthetic polymer that dissolves in water, was investigated as a suitable material for stent fabrication. The polymer was deposited on a rotating mandrel and subsequently crosslinked to establish a pseudostable state. Test specimens and stents were fabricated for characterization of both the material and stent dynamics.
Results:This outcome is potentially suitable for deployment in the human body environment and adaptable to various biomedical applications, such as drug delivery patches or implants. The research optimized the fabrication of various stent geometries using polyvinyl alcohol and evaluated the kinetics of the working environment of these stents. Specifically, the 8-cell diamond stent showed remarkable characteristics, such as a high overexpansion of more than 0.5 mm, a compression force of 0.02 N and an elastic recovery of 88.85%, with a strut thickness of 50.25 microns. Additionally, the study discusses the possibility of sterilizing polyvinyl alcohol with different methods, ethanol and autoclave were selected.
Conclusions: The results indicate that autoclaving leads to an increase in crystallinity. This yields a decrease in water absorption and an increase in mechanical properties. These results suggest that polyvinyl alcohol-based stents fabricated by solvent-cast direct writing are potential candidates for bioresorbable stent design.
Response of the rhizosphere soil fungal community to root rot infection of Plukenetia volubilis L
Authors: Uwaremwe Constantine , Wenjie Bao , Daoura Bachir Goudia , Mishra Sandhya , Xianxian Zhang , Lingjie Shen , Shangwen Xia , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Root rot disease caused by soilborne pathogens is a threat to agriculture, affecting plant survival and leading to yield losses. The soil in which plants grow is inhabited by beneficial microbiome playing essential roles in various aspects of host functionality and fitness. However, this microbiome composition may change based on plant health status.
Methods
In the current study, we tested the pathogenicity of pathogenic fungi isolated from root rot infected P. volubilis plant tissues by inoculating them into healthy P. volubilis seedlings. Metagenomic sequencing was used to assess fungal community shifts in the rhizosphere of P. volubilis after root rot infection.
Results
Four Fusarium isolates and two Rhizopus isolates were found to be root rot causative agents in P. volubilis as they induced typical root rot symptoms in healthy seedlings. The metagenomic sequencing data showed that root rot infection altered the rhizosphere fungal community. In root rot infected soil, the richness and diversity indices increased or decreased depending on pathogens. The four most abundant phyla across all samples were Ascomycota, Glomeromycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota. In infected soil, the relative abundance of each phylum increased or decreased depending on pathogen and functional taxonomic classification.
Conclusions
Based on our results, we concluded that Fusarium spp. and Rhizopus spp. cause root rot infection of P. volubilis. In root rot infected P. volubilis, the response of the rhizosphere fungal community was pathogen dependent. These findings may serve as a key point for a future study on biocontrol of root rot in P. volubilis.
Relationship Between Initial Volumetric 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT Parameters, and Clinical and Histopathological Data in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer
Authors: MÜTEVELİZADE GÖZDE , Arıkbası Ceren Sezgin , Parlak Yasemin , Gumuser Gul , Sayit Elvan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the relationships between volumetric 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT parameters, Gleason Score (GS), Gleason Grade (GG), PSA levels, histopathological data, and metastatic status in newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) patients.
Methods: A total of 78 newly diagnosed PCa patients who had 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan were included in this study. Clinical parameters, histopathological data, and metastatic status were documented, volumetric parameters were measured. All obtained data were compared statistically.
Results: Gleason Score, GG, and SUVmax had a significant relationship with serum PSA levels (p<0.05). PSA levels and SUVmax values ​​of patients with lymph node metastases were found to be significantly higher than those without. GG and the sum of GS were found to be statistically significantly increased in metastatic patients. PSMA-TV and TL-PSMA of the primary lesion, have a significant relationship with PSA value, GS, and regional lymph node metastases. When the relationships between histopathological data with PSA level, GG, SUVmax, PSMA-TV, and TL-PSMA were compared; A significant correlation was observed between all except PNI and TL-PSMA. ROC analysis was performed in patients with metastatic and localized disease, and the cutoff value for SUVmax was found to be 10.85.
Conclusion: Correlations between PSA values ​​and GG, lymph node metastasis, SUVmax, and histopathological data support the crucial role of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in the initial evaluation of PCa patients. In our study, we concluded that 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT is an effective tool and the effects of clinical, histopathological, and imaging-based parameters in prostate cancer patients should be well known.
Janus icosahedral particles: amorphization driven by three-dimensional atomic misfit and edge dislocation compensation
Authors: Zhou Jihan , Sun Zhen , Zhang Yao , Li Zezhou , Du Xuanxuan , Xie Zhiheng , Dai Yiheng , Ophus Colin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Icosahedral nanoparticles composed of fivefold twinned tetrahedra have broad applications. The strain relief mechanism and angular deficiency in icosahedral multiply twinned particlesare poorly understood in three dimensions. Here, we resolved the three-dimensional atomic structures of Janus icosahedral nanoparticles using atomic resolution electron tomography. A geometrically fivefold face consistently corresponds to a less ordered face like two hemispheres. We quantify rich structural variety of icosahedra including bond orientation order, bond length, strain tensor; and packing efficiency, atom number, solid angle of each tetrahedron. These structural characteristics exhibit two-sided distribution. Edge dislocations near the axial atoms and small disordered domains fill the angular deficiency. Our findings provide new insights how the fivefold symmetry can be compensated and the geometrically-necessary internal strains relived in multiply twinned particles.
Unveiling the Effect of Composition on Nuclear Waste Immobilization Glasses’ Durability by Non-Parametric Machine Learning
Authors: Bauchy Mathieu , Song Yu , Lu Xiaonan , Wang Kaixin , Ryan Joseph , Smedskjaer Morten , Vienna John 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ensuring the long-term chemical durability of glasses is critical for nuclear waste immobilization operations. Durable glasses usually undergo qualification for disposal based on their response to standardized tests such as the product consistency test or the vapor hydration test (VHT). The VHT uses elevated temperature and water vapor to accelerate glass alteration and the formation of secondary phases. Understanding the relationship between glass composition and VHT response is of fundamental and practical interest. However, this relationship is complex, non-linear, and sometimes fairly variable, posing challenges in identifying the distinct effect of individual oxides on VHT response. Here, we leverage a dataset comprising 654 Hanford low-activity waste (LAW) glasses across a wide compositional envelope and employ various machine learning techniques to explore this relationship. We find that Gaussian process regression (GPR), a non-parametric regression method, yields the highest predictive accuracy. By utilizing the trained model, we discern the influence of each oxide on the glasses' VHT response. Moreover, we discuss the trade-off between underfitting and overfitting for extrapolating the material performance in the context of sparse and heterogeneous datasets.
Rapid visual detection of Spiroplasma eriocheiris by loop-mediated isothermal amplification with hydroxynaphthol blue dye
Authors: Zhou Shun , Yang Zongrui , Guo Baoshan , Yi Jingyuan , Pang Yunfei , Feng Ruixin , Song Jiaxue , Xiu Yunji 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In recent years, a new type of Spiroplasma has been found, which can cause “tremor disease” of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. The outbreak of epidemic “tremor disease” has caused a serious setback in the Chinese mitten crab farming industry, with an incidence rate of more than 30% and a mortality rate of 80% − 100%. Therefore, finding a sensitive method to detect tremor disease of E. sinensis has become the current research focus. In this research, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification detection method coupled with hydroxynaphthol blue dye (LAMP-HNB) was developed and used to rapidly detect Spiroplasma eriocheiris. Firstly, we designed and synthesized the specific outer primers, inner primers and loop primers based on the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of S. eriocheiris. Secondly, LAMP-HNB detection method of S. eriocheiris was successfully established by screening primers, adjusting the temperature and time of the reaction, and optimizing the concentration of Mg2+ and dNTP. In the specific tests, only samples infected with S. eriocheiris showed a positive result, and other infections caused by bacteria and parasites were tested negative, thus proving that the test has high specificity. The detection limit is 2.5 × 10− 6 ng/µL, indicating high sensitivity. The method for detecting S. eriocheiris is a high-speed visual inspection method based on LAMP-HNB detection. It is a simple, fast, sensitive, and inexpensive method that can be applied to a wide range of field investigations.
An inclusive multivariate approach to neural localization of language components
Authors: Graves William W. , Levinson Hillary J. , Staples Ryan , Boukrina Olga , Rothlein David , Purcell Jeremy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

When attempting to determine how language is implemented in the brain, it is important to know what brain areas are and are not primarily responding to language. Existing protocols for localizing language are typically univariate, treating each small unit of brain volume as independent. One prominent example that focuses on the overall language network in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) uses a contrast between neural responses to sentences and sets of pseudowords (pronounceable nonwords). This approach reliably activates peri-sylvian language areas, but is less sensitive to extra-sylvian areas that are also known to support aspects of language such as word meanings (semantics). Here we test for areas where a multivariate, pattern-based approach shows high reproducibility across multiple measurements within participants, defining such areas as multivariate regions of interest (mROI). We then perform a representational similarity analysis (RSA) of an fMRI dataset where participants make familiarity judgments on written words. We also compare those results to univariate regions of interest (uROI) taken from previous sentences > pseudowords contrasts. RSA with word stimuli defined in terms of their semantic distance showed greater correspondence with neural patterns in mROI than uROI. This was confirmed in two independent datasets, one involving single-word recognition, and the other focused on the meaning of noun-noun phrases by contrasting meaningful phrases > pseudowords. In all cases, areas of spatial overlap between mROI and uROI showed the greatest neural association. This suggests that ROIs defined in terms of multivariate reproducibility can be used to localize components of language such as semantics. The multivariate approach can also be extended to focus on other aspects of language such as phonology, and can be used along with the univariate approach for inclusively mapping language cortex.
Immobilization of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase in a novel polysaccharide-based hydrogel by a two-step crosslinking method and its use in the lauroylation of α-arbutin
Authors: Chen Ming , She Wei na , Zhao Xin , Chen Cheng , Zhu Ben wei , Sun Yun , Yao Zhong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLLs) was successfully immobilized within a novel hydrogel matrix through a two-step crosslinking method. TLLs was initially crosslinked through the Schiff-base reaction by oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (OCMC). The water-soluble OCMC@TLLs complex was subsequently crosslinked by carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCSH) in a microfluidic apparatus to form the CMCHS/OCMC@TLLs microspheres. The CD (Circular Dichroism, CD) and FTIR (Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR) spectra demonstrated that the crosslinking of TLLs with OCMC resulted in a less significant impact on their structure compared to that with glutaraldehyde. CMCHS/OCMC@TLLs showed decreased catalytic performance due to the mass transfer resistance, while its thermal stability was greatly improved. The CMCHS/OCMC@TLLs were used to catalyze the lauroylation of arbutinin tetrahydrofuran. After 12 h of reaction under optimal conditions, the yield of 6′-O-laurylarbutin reached an impressive 92.12%. The prepared 6′-O-laurylarbutin has high lipophilicity and exhibits similar tyrosinase inhibitory activity and higher antioxidant activity compared to its parent compound.
DNA methylation profiles of ovarian cysts resemble ovarian tissues, but not endometrial tissues
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Zhao Xiaojing , Wang Jiapo , Yifang Zhang , Chen Jinhong , Chen Jinzhong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of ovarian cyst, its origin is still under debate. Prevailing retrograde menstruation model predicts that ectopic endometrial cells migrate and develop into ovarian cysts. However, other models were also proposed. Because DNA methylation states exhibit a tissue specific pattern, we profiled the DNA methylation for ovarian cysts and paired eutopic endometrial and ovarian tissues from four patients. Surprisingly, DNA methylation profiles showed the ovarian cysts were closely grouped with normal ovarian but not endometrial tissues. These results suggested alterative origin of ovarian cysts or strong epigenetic reprogramming of infiltrating endometrial cells after seeding the ovarian tissue.