bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of hydrocolloid dressings on preventing air leakage when applying negative pressure wound therapy to the perineum, buttocks, and sacrococcygeal region
Authors: Wang Chao , Li Rui , Su Xiangpeng , Zhang Jixun , Liu Zhenzhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMaintaining a vacuum when applying negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is the key to its function, which is a challenge in the perineum, buttocks, and sacrococcygeal region. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to assess the effect of hydrocolloid dressings on preventing air leakage when applying NPWT in these regions. There were 61 patients in Group A (without the aid of hydrocolloid dressings) and 65 patients in Group B (with the aid of hydrocolloid dressings). The hydrocolloid dressing‐assisted NPWT significantly reduced the incidence of air leakage compared with conventional NPWT placement (24.6% vs. 7.7%; risk ratio, 3.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.24–8.27; p = 0.009), while decreasing the number of open NPWT applications (2.2 vs. 1.7; difference, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.19–0.66; p < 0.001), shortening hospital stays (20.1 vs. 16.1; difference, 4.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.68–6.46; p = 0.01), and reducing the incidence of adverse skin events (18.0% vs. 4.6%; risk ratio, 3.91; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–13.34; p = 0.017). These findings support the routine use of hydrocolloid dressing‐assisted NPWT placement in the perineum, buttocks, and sacrococcygeal region.
Simultaneous Characterization of Both Coefficients of Thermal Expansion and Thermal Warpages of Flip-Chip Packages With a Cap Using Strain Gauges
Authors: Wang Y. W. , Tsai M. Y. , Chou Y. S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A relatively low-cost and easy-to-use strain gauge measurement is proposed here as an alternative method for simultaneously determining the thermally induced warpages and the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of the flip-chip packages with a cap (or lid). The feasibility of the strain gauge method is evaluated by the shadow moiré experiment and the finite element analysis. The stiffness effect of the thermal interface materials (TIMs) in the flip-chip packages with a cap is also considered. The result suggests that the general back-to-back gauge measurement method on the top and bottom of the specimen would cause significant errors as the TIM is relatively compliant, but not for stiff TIMs. This study also proposes a modified gauge method with a few related strain equations for those cases with compliant TIMs to effectively determine their thermal warpages and CTEs by the gauge measurement. The finite element method (FEM) simulation, consistent with shadow moiré, has further validated the effectiveness of the modified gauge method. Therefore, the newly developed and modified method of strain gauges is found to be feasible and workable for simultaneously determining both thermal warpages and CTEs of the flip-chip packages with a cap, especially with a compliant TIM.
Research Status and Progress on Non-Destructive Testing Methods for Defect Inspection of Micro-Electronic Packaging
Authors: Chen Yuan , Wang Zhongyang , Fan Yuhui , Dong Ming , Liu Dengxue 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In a highly competitive and demanding micro-electronics market, non-destructive testing (NDT) technology has been widely applied to defect detection and evaluation of micro-electronic packaging. However, the trend of micro-electronic packaging toward miniaturization, high-density, ultrathin, ultralight, and with small chip footprint, poses an urgent demand for novel NDT methods with high-resolution and large penetration depth, which is utilized for internal defect detection and identification of advanced complicated packages. The conventional NDT methods for micro-electronic packaging mainly include optical visual inspection, X-ray inspection, active infrared thermography, scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), laser Doppler vibration measuring technique, scanning SQUID microscopy (SSM), electrical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and so on. This paper aims to provide a review of addressing their basic principles, advantages, limitations, and application researches in the field of defect inspection of micro-electronic packaging. Moreover, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing NDT methods, this paper emphasizes a novel NDT approach, called hybrid ultrasonic-laser digital holographic microscopy (DHM) imaging inspection method, and discusses its basic principle, merits, key techniques, system construction, and experimental results in detail. When some key technical problems can be solved in further research, this method will become a potentially promising technique for defect detection and evaluation of advanced complicated packages.
Using an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Approach for Fear of (Re)Injury With a Competitive Figure Skater
Authors: Wood Samuel , Turner Martin J. 
Published: December 2023

This case study outlines the sport psychology service delivery provided to an 18-year-old competitive figure skater. The client reported fearing (re)injury in training following her return to sport, which hindered her performance and concentration in training. An acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) intervention was implemented over six sessions across a 3-month period. The ACT matrix was used to conceptualize the client’s “stuckness” and provide a foundation for the strategies and techniques implemented. The aim of our work was to increase psychological flexibility, helping the client sit with, rather than change or remove, her unhelpful thoughts, moving her toward the athlete she wanted to be. This case reports how psychological flexibility was achieved through exercises to help the client “unhook” from her thoughts around fear of injury. Reflections from the client and practitioner capture the evaluation of the service delivery process.
Dominant Discourses at Play: How Children’s Soccer Coaches of Mixed-Sex Programs in Ontario, Canada, Understand Sex and Gender
Authors: Hamer Julia , Giles Audrey R. 
Published: December 2023

In this study, we explore how soccer coaches of children’s mixed-sex programs in Ontario understand sex and gender in the context of their coaching practices. Informed by feminist science studies and feminist methodologies, we conducted semistructured interviews with 11 coaches. Through critical discourse analysis, we identified the coaches’ (re)production of three discourses: (a) gender is constructed but categorical; (b) inevitable and hierarchal sex differences necessitate sex segregation; and (c) girls’ sport is vulnerable, and girls in sport require support. The results of this study indicate that these coaches’ understandings of sex and gender are heavily informed by discourses of sex essentialism and sex and gender difference, which together legitimize the need for a binary sex/gender model of sport. Understanding the ways in which sport enforces and is shaped by the limited binary and naturalized notions of sex and gender is one step in reimagining a more just and inclusive model of sport, including children’s sport, and in creating sport spaces where players of all genders can thrive.
Ecological response of step-pool streams to wildfire in the Front Range of Colorado (USA)
Authors: O’Dowd Alison P. , Solverson Anna P. , Chin Anne 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Wildfire affects ecosystems via the disruption of landforms and biota. Step and pool formations in mountainous streams have important hydraulic and ecological functions, but there is little information on wildfire impacts on step‐pool ecosystems. This chapter describes a study examining the biophysical responses of headwater mountain streams for 2 years following the 2012 Waldo Canyon Fire in Pike National Forest (Front Range of Colorado, USA). We focused on the impacts of this wildfire on stream invertebrate communities, including richness, composition, and traits related to disturbance tolerance and habit types, as well as functional feeding groups. We tested the hypothesis that the postfire responses of invertebrate communities will depend on vegetation burn severity (unburned, low severity, and moderate/high severity), with responses being greater in moderate/high-severity than unburned or low-severity basins. Our results indicated that the relative abundances of sensitive invertebrates decreased and tolerant taxa increased after fire at sites draining catchments burned at moderate/high severity, and few postfire impacts were found on invertebrates at sites draining catchments that burned at low severity, relative to unburned sites. Regarding the relative abundances of trait groups, shredder abundance was higher at low-severity burned sites compared to sites burned at moderate/high severity and unburned sites throughout the study, and sprawler abundance was higher at low-severity burn sites compared to moderate/high-severity burn sites and unburned basins in 2013. However, values of all invertebrate variables in moderately/highly burned reaches generally returned to unburned levels by 2 years postfire. Stream geomorphological variables, specifically changes in the vertical profile of the stream channel over time, were negatively correlated with taxa richness, family biotic index, and percentage of shredders. Fire management strategies that prevent or reduce the severity of catastrophic wildfire, such as forest thinning or prescribed fire, as well as efforts to reestablish natural channel morphology, can ameliorate the impacts of wildfire on stream communities and help to establish stable, healthy, and diverse ecosystems in steep environments in the Front Range and elsewhere.
Digestive System Anatomy and Feeding Mechanism of Quatuoralisia malakhovi (Hemichordata, Torquaratoridae)
Authors: Malakhov V. V. , Lukinykh A. I. , Ezhova O. V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The digestive system was anatomically studied in the deep-sea enteropneust Quatuoralisia mala-khovi. It was shown that lateral collar lips are twisted in such a way that they form a ciliary groove that leads to an internal channel, through which collected detritus particles are transferred to peripheral pharyngeal channels. The size of the selected particles ranges from 1–6 to 100–200 μm, which corresponds to feeding on the remains of planktonic diatoms. A fecal cord was observed to act as an anchor that holds the heavily watered jelly-like body of Torquaratoridae at the sea floor during feeding.
Clostridium perfringensempyema after right hemicolectomy for caecal volvulus
Authors: Morocho Bryant , Tellios Nikoleta , Morocho Catherin , McElhaney Nathaniel 
Published: December 2023

Empyema of the lung is an infection-induced collection of fluid in the chest cavity.Clostridium perfringensis a bacterium that inhabits the intestine and is a rare cause of empyema after abdominal surgery. A slow phase of infection, associated withC. perfringensempyema, has previously been reported in cases of similar infections. Herein, we present a case ofC. perfringensempyema following abdominal surgery. The empyema was initially managed using oxygen supplementation, fluid drainage and antibiotic therapy.This initial therapy failed in the present case because multiple collections of infected fluid prevented the lungs from expanding, requiring decortication, a pulmonary operation to remove the inflammatory tissue from the walls of the lung and associated with the infection, to allow the lung to expand. Following this operation, the patient recovered baseline levels of breathing and oxygen supplementation.
Effects of sport or physical recreation for adults with physical or intellectual disabilities: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Hassett Leanne , McKay Marnee J , Cole Jenni , Moseley Anne M , Chagpar Sakina , Geerts Minke , Kwok Wing S , Jensen Connie , Sherrington Catherine , Shields Nora 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of sport or physical recreation on participation, mobility and quality of life for adults living with disabilities.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourcesSix databases searched from inception to May 2022.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials including adults living with a physical or intellectual disability, comparing sport or physical recreation to non-active control.ResultsSeventy-four trials (n=2954; mean age 55 years) were included. Most (70) trials included people with physical disabilities, none evaluated sport and the most common physical recreation activities tested were traditional Chinese exercise (35%), yoga (27%) and dance (18%). Mean frequency and duration was 65 min/session, two times per week for 13 weeks. Most (86%) interventions were led by people with experience and/or training in the recreation activity, and only 37% reported leader experience and/or training working with people with disabilities. Participation was measured as attendance (mean 81%, 30 intervention groups). Physical recreation improved mobility (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.38, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.69, n=469) and walking endurance (mean difference (MD) 40.3 m, 95% CI 19.5 to 61.1, n=801) with low certainty evidence and balance (Berg Balance Scale, range 0–56 points; MD 3.4 points, 95% CI 2.3 to 4.4, n=906) and quality of life (physical health; SMD 0.37, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.72, n=468) with very low certainty evidence, but not walking speed (MD 0.03 m/s, 95% CI −0.05 to 0.11, n=486).ConclusionPhysical recreation may confer multiple benefits for people living with disabilities regardless of the activity chosen, thus offering a potentially enjoyable and scalable strategy to increase physical activity.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018104379.
Implementation and evaluation of an event reporting system in an academic anaesthesia department
Authors: Ituk Unyime , Mueller Rashmi 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundReporting adverse clinical events is essential to a culture of safety in healthcare. However, self-reporting such events is generally not widely prevalent in a typical academic anaesthesia department.MethodsWe set out to create a self-reporting tool to securely accept data from multiple anaesthesia service locations, including data linked to our electronic anaesthesia record, and combine them into an accessible database.We created a web-based database module for incident reporting integrated into the department’s intranet. The system was also designed to actively prompt anaesthesia providers for reports following each day of clinical work.Results478 events were recorded in the database in the first year of implementation. There were 33 347 anaesthesia encounters in that period, translating to a reporting rate of 1.43% (95% CI 1.31% to 1.57%). In the second year, which coincided with the second phase of implementation, 608 events were reported out of 45 985 anaesthesia encounters, for a reporting rate of 1.32% (95% CI 1.22% to 1.43%). Approximately 40% of events entered into the database occurred in a non-operating room location. The annual reporting rates for 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 were 1.26% (95% CI 1.16% to 1.37%), 1.15% (95% CI 1.05% to 1.25%), 1% (95% CI 0.9% to 1.1%), 0.6% (95% CI 0.53% to 0.68%), 0.5% (95% CI 0.44% to 0.57%), 0.4% (95% CI 0.3% to 0.5%), respectively.ConclusionsOur incident reporting system facilitated reporting of events within and outside the operating room. The system captured event data valid for quality improvement within the anaesthesia department.
The Creating Brave Spaces workshop: a report on simulation-based faculty development to disarm microaggressions
Authors: Tong X Catherine , Chopra Sonaina , Jordan Hannah , Sibbald Matthew , Geekie-Sousa Aaron , Monteiro Sandra 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundMicroaggressions occur regularly in the clinical and teaching environments and is harmful to individuals, teams and institutions. The aim of this brief report is to share experiences in developing and conducting a simulation-based faculty development initiative, the Creating Brave Spaces (CBS) workshop, to disarm microaggressions.MethodsIn 2021–2023, a total of six workshops were arranged for faculty in different settings, including faculty development events, faculty retreats, national and international conferences. From each workshop, the team gained insight and experience that they incorporated into additional deliveries. Experiences and lessons learnt from facilitators have been subject to systematic reflection by the authors.ResultsA total of 85 faculty participated in the workshops. We experienced that context was important and that participants varied greatly in their understanding of the concept of microaggression. We also found that participants play an active role in the co-creating of the learning experience. Highly engaged participants have shared their own techniques to disarm microaggressions with each other, adding value to the workshop. We experienced that facilitators found it helpful to debrief as a team after each event and incorporate experiences into future deliveries.ConclusionThe CBS workshop is a feasible approach to build awareness about microaggressions and to learn strategies to disarm microaggressions.
Electrostatics and hydrophobicity in the dynamics of intrinsically disordered proteins
Authors: Vancraenenbroeck Renee , Hofmann Hagen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInternal friction is a major contribution to the dynamics of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). Yet, the molecular origin of internal friction has so far been elusive. Here, we investigate whether attractive electrostatic interactions in IDPs modulate internal friction differently than the hydrophobic effect. To this end, we used nanosecond fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (nsFCS) and single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to quantify the conformation and dynamics of the disordered DNA-binding domains Myc, Max and Mad at different salt concentrations. We find that internal friction effects are stronger when the chain is compacted by electrostatic attractions compared to the hydrophobic effect. Although the effect is moderate, the results show that the heteropolymeric nature of IDPs is reflected in their dynamics.
Graphical abstract
Building Domain-Specific Machine Learning Workflows: A Conceptual Framework for the State of the Practice
Authors: Oakes Bentley James , Famelis Michalis , Sahraoui Houari 
Published: December 2023

Domain experts are increasingly employing machine learning to solve their domain-specific problems. This article presents to software engineering researchers the six key challenges that a domain expert faces in addressing their problem with a computational workflow, and the underlying executable implementation. These challenges arise out of our conceptual framework which presents the “route” of transformations that a domain expert may choose to take while developing their solution.
To ground our conceptual framework in the state of the practice, this article discusses a selection of available textual and graphical workflow systems and their support for the transformations described in our framework. Example studies from the literature in various domains are also examined to highlight the tools used by the domain experts as well as a classification of the domain specificity and machine learning usage of their problem, workflow, and implementation.
The state of the practice informs our discussion of the six key challenges, where we identify which challenges and transformations are not sufficiently addressed by available tools. We also suggest possible research directions for software engineering researchers to increase the automation of these tools and disseminate best-practice techniques between software engineering and various scientific domains.
Test Generation Strategies for Building Failure Models and Explaining Spurious Failures
Authors: Jodat Baharin A. , Chandar Abhishek , Nejati Shiva , Sabetzadeh Mehrdad 
Published: December 2023

Test inputs fail not only when the system under test is faulty but also when the inputs are invalid or unrealistic. Failures resulting from invalid or unrealistic test inputs are spurious. Avoiding spurious failures improves the effectiveness of testing in exercising the main functions of a system, particularly for compute-intensive (CI) systems where a single test execution takes significant time. In this article, we propose to build failure models for inferring interpretable rules on test inputs that cause spurious failures. We examine two alternative strategies for building failure models: (1) machine learning (ML)-guided test generation and (2) surrogate-assisted test generation.
ML-guided test generation
infers boundary regions that separate passing and failing test inputs and samples test inputs from those regions.
Surrogate-assisted test generation
relies on surrogate models to predict labels for test inputs instead of exercising all the inputs. We propose a novel surrogate-assisted algorithm that uses multiple surrogate models simultaneously, and dynamically selects the prediction from the most accurate model. We empirically evaluate the accuracy of failure models inferred based on surrogate-assisted and ML-guided test generation algorithms. Using case studies from the domains of cyber-physical systems and networks, we show that our proposed surrogate-assisted approach generates failure models with an average accuracy of 83%, significantly outperforming ML-guided test generation and two baselines. Further, our approach learns failure-inducing rules that identify genuine spurious failures as validated against domain knowledge.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Related Hospitalization among Cancer Survivors
Authors: White Larissa L. , Burnett-Hartman Andrea N. , Ichikawa Laura E. , Goldberg Shauna R. , Chubak Jessica , Spencer Feigelson Heather , Kamineni Aruna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Little is known about SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity among a growing population of cancer survivors. We describe the association of infection and related hospitalization by recency of cancer diagnosis in a large U.S. cohort.

Methods:
Participants were sent electronic surveys between April 2020 and January 2021 to collect information on SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential COVID-19–related risk factors. SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified using survey report of a COVID-19–positive test and electronic health record data. Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was estimated up to 365 days from baseline survey and stratified by recency of cancer diagnosis. Among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection, we used logistic regression to estimate the association between recency of cancer diagnosis and hospitalization within 30 days of infection.

Results:
Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection at 365 days was 3.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.2%–3.5%] among those without cancer history and ranged from 2.8% (95% CI, 2.3%–3.5%) to 3.7% (95% CI, 2.9%–4.7%) among those with a history of cancer depending on recency. There was no statistically significant difference in odds of hospitalization within 30 days following SARS-CoV-2 infection by cancer diagnosis recency.

Conclusions:
Our null findings are consistent with other studies on COVID-19 infection risk in cancer survivors, where COVID-19 severity and sequelae were independent of cancer history and were likely associated with factors such as intensive care unit admission, noncancer comorbid conditions, and long-term care residency.

Impact:
This study can inform COVID-19 risk-counseling of cancer survivors and their caregivers as we continue to contend with COVID-19.