bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal Surface Defect Detection Method Based on Improved Cascade R-CNN
Authors: Wang Yani , Wang Xiang , Hao Ruiyang , Lu Bingyu , Huang Biqing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In contemporary industrial systems, ensuring the quality of object surfaces has become an essential and inescapable aspect of factory inspections. Cascade regional convolutional neural network (cascade R-CNN), an object detection and instance segmentation algorithm based on deep learning, has been widely applied in numerous industrial applications. Nonetheless, there is still space for improving the detection of defects on metal surfaces. The cascade R-CNN does not currently have good results in metal defect detection, but after improving it by combining some newly proposed modules, cascade R-CNN has a good performance. This article proposes an enhanced metal defect detection method based on cascade R-CNN. Specifically, the improved backbone network is employed to acquire the features of images, which enables more precise localization. Additionally, up and down sampling is combined to extract multiscale defect feature maps, and contrast histogram equalization enhancement is utilized to tackle the issue of unclear contrast in the data. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.754 on the NEU-DET dataset and outperforms the cascade R-CNN model by 9.2%.
Aerodynamic and Thermal Field Development of Cooled Transonic HP NGV
Authors: Amend Jonas , Lubbock Roderick , Ornano Francesco , Chowdhury Nafiz , Povey Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study we present detailed aerodynamic and thermal field measurements downstream of an annular cascade of fully-cooled nozzle guide vanes (NGVs). The experiments were conducted in the Engine Component Aerothermal (ECAT) facility at the University of Oxford, at engine-matched conditions of Reynolds number and Mach number, and high turbulence intensity. The experimental data are unusually high-fidelity and allow for detailed comparison with modern computational fluids dynamics (CFD) methods. We compare the experimental data to simulations of fully-featured geometry (resolved internal geometry and film cooling holes). We analyze distributions of whirl angle, kinetic energy loss, and non-dimensional temperature at three axial planes downstream of the NGVs. The aerodynamic and thermal wakes are also characterized in terms of their spreading and decay rates. The analysis is deepened with detailed comparison to a previous data-set for a different design of heavily-cooled NGV. The analysis is a useful reference point for assessing the accuracy of the current state-of-the-art numerical methods used in the engine design process.
Dectin-1/CARD9 induction of the TFEB and TFE3 gene network is dispensable for phagocyte anti-
Aspergillus
activity in the lung
Authors: Aufiero Mariano A. , Shlezinger Neta , Gjonbalaj Mergim , Mills Kathleen A. M. , Ballabio Andrea , Hohl Tobias M. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Myeloid phagocytes of the respiratory immune system, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and alveolar macrophages, are essential for immunity to
Aspergillus fumigatus
, the most common etiologic agent of mold pneumonia worldwide. Following the engulfment of
A. fumigatus
conidia, fusion of the phagosome with the lysosome is a critical process for killing conidia. TFEB and TFE3 are transcription factors that regulate lysosomal biogenesis under stress and are activated by inflammatory stimuli in macrophages, but it is unknown whether TFEB and TFE3 contribute to anti-
Aspergillus
immunity during infection. We found that lung neutrophils express TFEB and TFE3, and their target genes were upregulated during
A. fumigatus
lung infection. In addition,
A. fumigatus
infection induced nuclear accumulation of TFEB and TFE3 in macrophages in a process regulated by Dectin-1 and CARD9. Genetic deletion of
Tfeb
and
Tfe3
impaired macrophage killing of
A. fumigatus
conidia. However, in a murine immune-competent
Aspergillus
infection model with genetic deficiency of
Tfeb
and
Tfe3
in hematopoietic cells, we surprisingly found that lung myeloid phagocytes had no defects in conidial phagocytosis or killing. Loss of TFEB and TFE3 did not impact murine survival or clearance of
A. fumigatus
from the lungs. Our findings indicate that myeloid phagocytes activate TFEB and TFE3 in response to
A. fumigatus
, and while this pathway promotes macrophage fungicidal activity
in vitro
, genetic loss can be functionally compensated in the lung, resulting in no measurable defect in fungal control and host survival.
Blocking of doublecortin-like kinase 1-regulated SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle restores cell signaling network
Authors: Undi Ram Babu , Ahsan Nagib , Larabee Jason L. , Darlene-Reuter Nicole , Papin James , Dogra Samrita , Hannafon Bethany N. , Bronze Michael S. , Houchen Courtney W. , Huycke Mark M. , Ali Naushad 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can lead to fatal outcomes for subgroups of patients with pre-existing co-morbidities. We previously reported a significant association between high expression levels of a cancer stem cell protein, doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1), in the lungs and macrophages of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, we demonstrate a pivotal role of DCLK1 in the viral replication cycle and the dysregulation of cell signaling that contributes to SARS-CoV-2 pathology. Through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DCLK1 knockout and inhibition of its kinase using a small molecule kinase inhibitor of DCLK1 (DCLK1-IN-1), we effectively blocked the viral replication-transcription processes. Furthermore, DCLK1 inhibition reversed the virus-induced positive and/or negative modulation of the cellular interactome and signaling pathways. We observed a decrease in the phosphorylation of a serine/arginine-rich region in the nucleocapsid protein, which regulates viral replication and packaging, upon treatment with DCLK1-IN-1. In a murine model of COVID-19, intranasal inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 induced severe lung pathology accompanied by increased DCLK1 expression, high titers of viral genomic and subgenomic RNAs, and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha). Remarkably, treatment of infected mice with DCLK1-IN-1 reduced viral RNAs, downregulated inflammatory cytokines, restored normal cell signaling pathways, and improved lung pathology. In conclusion, our findings underscore the crucial role of DCLK1 in SARS-CoV-2 pathology and suggest it as a promising target for therapeutic intervention.

IMPORTANCE
Severe COVID-19 and post-acute sequelae often afflict patients with underlying co-morbidities. There is a pressing need for highly effective treatment, particularly in light of the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants. In a previous study, we demonstrated that DCLK1, a protein associated with cancer stem cells, is highly expressed in the lungs of COVID-19 patients and enhances viral production and hyperinflammatory responses. In this study, we report the pivotal role of DCLK1-regulated mechanisms in driving SARS-CoV-2 replication-transcription processes and pathogenic signaling. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of DCLK1 kinase during SARS-CoV-2 effectively impedes these processes and counteracts virus-induced alternations in global cell signaling. These findings hold significant potential for immediate application in treating COVID-19.
AdvanTIG-105: a phase I dose escalation study of the anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody ociperlimab in combination with tislelizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Frentzas Sophia , Kao Steven , Gao Rang , Zheng Hao , Rizwan Ahsan , Budha Nageshwar , de la Hoz Pedroza Luz , Tan Wei , Meniawy Tarek 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundOciperlimab, a novel, humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb), binds to T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) with high affinity and specificity. Tislelizumab is an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 mAb. We report results from a phase I, first-in-human, dose escalation study evaluating the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and preliminary antitumor activity of ociperlimab plus tislelizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors.MethodsEligible patients previously treated with standard systemic therapy, or for whom treatment was not available or tolerated, received ociperlimab intravenously on Cycle (C) 1 Day (D) 1 and tislelizumab 200 mg intravenously on C1 D8. If tolerated, patients received ociperlimab plus tislelizumab 200 mg sequentially on D29 and every 3 weeks (Q3W) thereafter until discontinuation. Dose escalation for ociperlimab was planned with four dose levels (50 mg, 150 mg, 450 mg, and 900 mg) according to a 3+3 design. An additional dose level of ociperlimab 1800 mg was also assessed. Primary endpoints were safety, determination of the maximum tolerated (or administered) dose, and the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR), duration of response (DoR), disease control rate (DCR) (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1), PK, and biomarker analysis.ResultsAt data cut-off (September 29, 2022), 32 patients had received ≥1 dose of ociperlimab plus tislelizumab 200 mg Q3W. The maximum administered dose was ociperlimab 1800 mg plus tislelizumab 200 mg Q3W. The median age of enrolled patients was 59.5 years (range: 31–79). Most patients (96.9%) experienced ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE); 62.5% of patients experienced ≥grade 3 TEAEs and 50.0% of patients experienced serious TEAEs. No dose limiting toxicity events were reported. The maximum tolerated dose was not reached. The RP2D was ociperlimab 900 mg plus tislelizumab 200 mg Q3W. Overall, ORR was 10.0%, median DoR was 3.6 months, and DCR was 50.0%.ConclusionsOciperlimab plus tislelizumab was well tolerated in patients with advanced solid tumors, and preliminary antitumor activity was observed with 450 mg, 900 mg, and 1800 mg ociperlimab. Phase II/III trials of ociperlimab 900 mg plus tislelizumab 200 mg Q3W are underway in a range of solid tumors.Trial registration numberNCT04047862.
Creating comics, songs and poems to make sense of decolonising the curriculum: a collaborative autoethnography patchwork
Authors: Al-Jawad Muna , Chawla Gaurish , Singh Neil 
Published: October 2023

Decolonising the curriculum is a complex endeavour, with the potential to cause harm as well as benefit. People doing the work might find themselves questioning their personal and political identities and motives, it is common for people to get disillusioned. While surveys and toolkits are important to help us start the work, we are interested in finding out how decolonising practices can be sustained. We believe to practise meaningfully in this area we need to understand ourselves as practitioners, make sense of the work and have deep connections with colleagues and possibly our institutions.This research uses collaborative autoethnography; our personal experiences, reflected through the lenses of each other’s point of view; to help us know ourselves and make sense of our practice. We also show how art, in the form of comics, poems and a song, can be used to deepen our research by adding meaning, connection and joy. We present this research as a patchwork text of writing, art and conversations. Our work is underpinned by theory, particularly drawing on Sara Ahmed and bell hooks. It is produced by the three of us to illuminate the process of decolonising a curriculum. We see this paper as part of our collective resistance: resistance to colonialism, to scientism and to inhumanity. We hope you will find resonances with your practice, and perhaps discover new ways to find meaning and connections.
Traditional Chinese medicine increased the effects of Western medicine on anti-COVID19: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hu Jihong , Wang Shuxia , Wang Zhiqian , Cao Liangjia , Ma Mingyan , Chen Xuelian , Ding Fengfeng 
Published: October 2023

Background: COVID-19 outbreak spread in China and is a threat to the world. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat various symptoms and diseases in China and has been demonstrated to be effective. Chinese Medicine may be beneficial in the treatment of COVID-19. So we updated a meta-analysis to fully evaluate the strength of evidence supporting Chinese Medicine treatment for COVID-19.Methods: Six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CBM and CNKI) were searched until 12 September 2023. The Cochrane bias risk tool was used for risk evaluation and JADAD scale for assessing the quality. Meta-analysis was carried out by Stata 15.1. Begg’s test was used for publication bias.Results: A total of 4128 COVID-19 patients in 38 eligible RCT studies were included. Compared with Western medicine alone, integrated TCM significantly shortened the duration of fever [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (−1.28, −0.99)] and length of hospitalization [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (−3.23, −2.06)] and nucleic acid turning negative time [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (−2.97, −1.50)] and reduced the severity illness rate [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (0.29, 0.57)] and improved CT changes [OR = 2.21, 95%CI (1.78, 2.74)] and a series of clinical symptoms including fever [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (1.42, 2.65)], cough [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (1.71, 3.25)], fatigue [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (1.50, 2.90)], muscle pain [[Formula: see text], 95%CI(1.65, 13.68)], expectoration [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (1.60, 5.20)], breathless [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (3.10, 13.17)], chest distress [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (1.20, 3.18)], dyspnea [[Formula: see text], 95%CI (1.65, 16.76)] of COVID-19.Conclusion: TCM could be a complementary medicine to improve COVID-19.
Evaluation of the Retrospective LACE Index in Predicting the Risk of Readmission in Patients with Hereditary Angioedema in an Emergency Department
Authors: Songur Kodik Meltem , Inci Ozlem , Çetin Zeynep Dila , Mete Gokmen Emine Nihal , Karbek Akarca Funda 
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to calculate the LACE index in patients who admitted to the emergency department (ED) with hereditary angioedema (HA) diagnosed and to predict recurrent admissions of patients. In this single-center study, patients aged 18 or higher who were admitted to the ED diagnosed with HA were included over a 12-year period. 35 patients diagnosed with code E88.0 were evaluated according to electronic file records. The number of admissions to the ED in the last 6 months was 2. The LACE index was 4, and risk was 71.4%. The patients admitted to the hospital in the last 30 days had a higher rate of admission to the hospital in the last 6 months (

p

< 0.001). The LACE index at admission predicted 30 days admission with (AUC = 0.75, 95% CI (0.56–0.91)) acceptable discrimination. The LACE index and the number of admissions in the last 6 months included in the evaluation can be considered predictive in recurrent ED admissions of HA patients. However, the distribution of LACE-risk groups is no priority. Therefore, the low-, medium-, or high-risk level of LACE index values should be not taken into consideration in readmission of such patients.
Ontogenetic and cohort estimates of tadpole survival for the threatened Betic midwife toad (Alytes dickhilleni) in two contrasting small waterbodies
Authors: Guerrero-Gómez Adrián , Torralva Mar , Oliva-Paterna Francisco José , Zamora-Marín José Manuel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Comprehensive knowledge on demographic parameters and early life history traits is essential for an effective amphibian management and conservation. Here, we assessed tadpole survival of Alytes dickhilleni in two contrasting small waterbodies (natural pool vs man-made drinking trough). For the first time in the genus Alytes, tadpole survival was quantified at ontogenetic and cohort level. Overall, low survival values were reported for both study sites, being values in the natural pool (0.16) twice than in the man-made drinking trough (0.07). Ontogenetic and cohort variation was congruent between both study sites, with survival rates decreasing in intermediate developmental stages, and highest values being observed in overwintering as compared to summer tadpoles. Owing to the ongoing decline in Alytes populations, these results can be particularly useful for informing future conservation schemes based on tadpole translocation or reintroduction from wild populations.
Pathogenicity and boarding ability of hybrid-derived populations between Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae)
Authors: Togashi Katsumi , Kasuga Hayami , Kasuga Satomi , Matsunaga Koji , Jikumaru Shota 
Published: October 2023

Summary
The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer), is the causative agent of pine wilt disease. It is native to North America and has been devastating pine forests in East Asia and West Europe since its introduction. The pathogenic nematode is transmitted by cerambycid beetle adults of Monochamus alternatus Hope in East Asia and M. galloprovincialis (Olivier) in West Europe. Bursaphelenchus mucronatus Mamiya et Enda is widely distributed in Eurasia and has no or little pathogenicity to pine species. If hybrids between the two species are backcrossed with B. xylophilus nematodes repeatedly, a small proportion of B. mucronatus genes will be infused into B. xylophilus genome (introgression) and may lead to adaptation to locally harsh environments. Inoculation tests in this study revealed that two of eight hybrid-derived populations from crossing B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus caused pine seedling mortalities of 36-70%. The pathogenic hybrid-derived populations carried nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of two species and B. xylophilus extra-nuclear genes, whereas non-pathogenic populations carried B. mucronatus rDNA and extranuclear genes of B. xylophilus or B. mucronatus. Thus, it is inferred that a gene or genes associated with pathogenicity are present in the nuclear genome of B. xylophilus. A laboratory experiment revealed that the pathogenic hybrid-derived population had as great an ability to board M. alternatus adults as the parental-lineage B. xylophilus isolate. Thus, the introgressive hybridisation is considered to occur in pine forests if two species cohabit in host trees.
The neglected role of ciliates as bioindicators
Authors: Mandal Fatik Baran 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The impacts of anthropogenic synthetic contaminants are becoming a serious concern, primarily due to their harmful effects on human health and adverse effects on ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being. Of more than 100 million chemicals, ~0.36% are regularised, as recorded in the Chemical Abstracts Registry database. Such chemicals ultimately contaminate water bodies and reduce the amount of potable water. It is estimated that about 50% of the human population will suffer from water shortages by 2025 if the present trend continues. Gause’s classical work in population ecology stimulated interest in working with ciliates as model organisms in ecotoxicology. Ciliates are good indicators for assessing saprobic water quality due to their abundance, ubiquity, and sensitivity to anthropogenic impacts. However, although more than 50 ciliate species are now in use as bioindicators, researchers should attempt to utilize the excellent potential of ciliates as bioindicators in large-scale studies, considering their availability and cost-effectiveness. Any change in the community composition of ciliates in response to environmental shifts is a powerful tool for biomonitoring and bioassessment.
Cordiaceae wood from the Miocene sediments of northeast India and its phytogeographical significance
Authors: Bhatia Harshita , Srivastava Gaurav , Mehrotra R.C. 
Published: October 2023

Summary
The order Boraginales of the Lamiids clade encompasses a diverse group of plants that currently has a global distribution. Its fossil record is scanty. Herein we report a fossil wood of Cordia L. of the family Cordiaceae from the Tipam Sandstone (late Miocene) sediments of Assam, northeast India. This finding not only throws light on the phytogeography and diversification of the Cordiaceae, but also provides valuable insights into the Neogene vegetation of the region.
Current Effect on Wave Condition around Island in the South China Sea
Authors: Wang Zhen , Chen Yini , Liu Liangyu , Yuan Hao , Zou Li 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Currents have a significant impact on wave parameters around islands. In this study, high-resolution unsteady current simulations based on island geography and wind fields from Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model are used as input sources. The wave action balance model uses an unstructured grid to assess the wave conditions in the Atoll during Typhoon Noul. The characteristic wave parameters, with and without the effect of currents, are compared with the field observation data, including significant wave height, wave period, and the spatial distribution of significant wave height. The results show that simulated significant wave heights and wave periods are close to observed data, considering the effect of currents. The energy and shape of the spectrum are also verified during Typhoon Noul, and the observed agreement is improved when considering the currents. The effects of current within the Atoll are relatively weaker compared to the surroundings, while stronger current effects are observed in the deeper water outside the Atoll. Refraction caused by current expands the area of moderate sea state behind the island.

Significance Statement
Several innovations of this article are as follows: 1) the influence of currents on wave conditions at the Atoll; 2) exploring the impact of currents using key parameters, such as significant wave height, wave period, and wave spectrum, especially during the passage of Typhoon Noul; 3) swell emerges as the dominant factor influencing wave conditions as the center of Typhoon Noul gradually moves away; and 4) refraction caused by current expands the area of moderate sea state behind the island.