bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive analysis of neuroblastoma incidence, survival, and racial and ethnic disparities from 2001 to 2019
Authors: Campbell Kevin , Siegel David A. , Umaretiya Puja J. , Dai Shifan , Heczey Andras , Lupo Philip J. , Schraw Jeremy M. , Thompson Trevor D. , Scheurer Michael E. , Foster Jennifer H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe characterize the incidence and 5‐year survival of children and adolescents with neuroblastoma stratified by demographic and clinical factors based on the comprehensive data from United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) and the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR).MethodsWe analyzed the incidence of neuroblastoma from USCS (2003–2019) and survival data from NPCR (2001–2018) for patients less than 20 years old. Incidence trends were calculated by average annual percent change (AAPC) using joinpoint regression. Differences in relative survival were estimated comparing non‐overlapping confidence intervals (CI).ResultsWe identified 11,543 primary neuroblastoma cases in USCS. Age‐adjusted incidence was 8.3 per million persons [95% CI: 8.2, 8.5], with an AAPC of 0.4% [95% CI: −0.1, 0.9]. Five‐year relative survival from the NPCR dataset (n = 10,676) was 79.7% [95% CI: 78.9, 80.5]. Patients aged less than 1 year had the highest 5‐year relative survival (92.5%). Five‐year relative survival was higher for non‐Hispanic White patients (80.7%) or Hispanic patients (80.8%) compared to non‐Hispanic Black patients (72.6%).ConclusionNeuroblastoma incidence was stable during 2003–2019. Differences in relative survival exist by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and stage; patients who were male, older, non‐Hispanic Black, or with distant disease had worse survival. Future studies could seek to assess the upstream factors driving disparities in survival, and evaluate interventions to address inequities and improve survival across all groups.
Recent trends in the additive manufacturing of polyurethanes
Authors: Bean Ren H , Long Timothy E 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolyurethanes are remarkably versatile materials that offer exceptional control over structure–property relationships, making them the subject of extensive research and exploration across diverse applications. These materials have garnered significant attention due to their inherent chemical, mechanical, thermomechanical, biological and physical properties, further fueling interest in their potential uses. However, conventional processing methods, involving molds, high temperatures or solvents, impose limitations on geometric complexity, hindering their potential applications. Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, has emerged as a transformative solution, enabling the fabrication of intricate geometries, unparalleled design flexibility, dematerialization and enhanced material properties. This mini‐review explores recent advancements in additive manufacturing techniques applied to polyurethanes, focusing on three prominent 3D printing modalities: vat photopolymerization, direct ink write and fused filament fabrication. Examining the successful integration of polyurethanes with these cutting‐edge 3D printing methods illuminates the remarkable progress achieved in tailoring part design, expanding the range of applications and unlocking novel material−object functionalities. This mini‐review aims to provide valuable insight into the latest trends and development in 3D printing polyurethanes, paving the way for their future utilization in diverse industries. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Binding cooperativity in the self‐assembly of double stranded silver(I) trihelicates
Authors: Garrett Thomas M. , Koert Ulrich , Lehn Jean‐marie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpectroscopic and potentiometric studies of Ag(I) binding by tris‐bipyridine strands indicate that the formation of trinuclear silver trihelicates is a process displaying positive cooperativity.
Mechanistic significance of the magnitude of cross‐interaction constants
Authors: Lee Ikchoon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe relationship between the magnitude of the cross‐interaction constant, |ρij|, and the force constant of activation, ΔF‡ij, has been derived and their equivalence has been shown, where ΔF‡‡= (force constant in the transition state, ΔF‡ij‐ force constant in the ground state, F0ij). When bond formation is involved in the activation process, ΔF‡ij becomes equal to F‡ij and |ρij| is inversely related to the distance, r‡ij, between reaction centres Ri and Rj. However, for bond‐breaking processes, interpretation of |ρij| becomes complicated, since ΔF‡ij = F‡ij − F0ij may be negative or positive depending on the relative size of F‡ij and F0ij. Some examples of re‐examination are given for various cases of |ρij| in the bond‐breaking processes.
Tuning the stator subunit of the flagellar motor with coiled‐coil engineering
Authors: Ridone Pietro , Winter Daniel L. , Baker Matthew A. B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany bacteria swim driven by an extracellular filament rotated by the bacterial flagellar motor. This motor is powered by the stator complex, MotA5MotB2, an heptameric complex which forms an ion channel which couples energy from the ion motive force to torque generation. Recent structural work revealed that stator complex consists of a ring of five MotA subunits which rotate around a central dimer of MotB subunits. Transmembrane (TM) domains TM3 and TM4 from MotA combine with the single TM domain from MotB to form two separate ion channels within this complex. Much is known about the ion binding site and ion specificity; however, to date, no modeling has been undertaken to explore the MotB‐MotB dimer stability and the role of MotB conformational dynamics during rotation. Here, we modeled the central MotB dimer using coiled‐coil engineering and modeling principles and calculated free energies to identify stable states in the operating cycle of the stator. We found three stable coiled‐coil states with dimer interface angles of 28°, 56°, and 64°. We tested the effect of strategic mutagenesis on the comparative energy of the states and correlated motility with a specific hierarchy of stability between the three states. In general, our results indicate agreement with existing models describing a 36° rotation step of the MotA pentameric ring during the power stroke and provide an energetic basis for the coordinated rotation of the central MotB dimer based on coiled‐coil modeling.
Assessing sustainable production: A selection of indicators aligned with the SDGs
Authors: Viles Elisabeth , Cavallieri María Sol , Kalemkerian Florencia , Montoya‐Torres Jairo R. , Santos Javier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSustainability is a paramount concern for manufacturing companies, necessitating the adoption of sustainable production and circular economy strategies. However, quantifying these sustainability efforts remains a formidable challenge due to the absence of a standardized framework, consequently hindering the development of effective strategies. This study presents a framework comprising 39 indicators, each accompanied by a descriptive calculation method, recommended units, and a suggested trend. These indicators were meticulously selected through a comprehensive literature review and refined via expert consensus during semi‐structured interviews. To establish a tangible connection between the operational world of companies and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), we employ a visualization tool – the Sankey diagram. This diagram unravels the intricate links between the selected indicators and the SDGs. Both contributions provide manufacturers with a clear roadmap to quantify and align their actions with broader global objectives.
Erwärmung des Anschlusses eines feuerverzinkten Sekundärträgers an einen mit reaktivem Brandschutzsystem geschützten Hauptträger im Brandfall
Authors: Mensinger Martin , Firan Maria‐Mirabela 
Published: October 2023

AbstractZum Erwärmungsverhalten von Anschlüssen ungeschützter feuerverzinkter Stahlkonstruktionen im Brandfall liegen bisher keine normativen Regelungen vor, sodass aktuell auf die in DIN EN 1993‐1‐2 enthaltenen wenigen Angaben für nicht feuerverzinkte Stahlkonstruktionen zurückgegriffen wird. In der Norm fehlen außerdem Angaben, wie der thermische Einfluss eines ungeschützten Bauteils auf ein damit verbundenes geschütztes Bauteil zu berücksichtigen ist. Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass durch Feuerverzinken die Feuerwiderstandsdauer von Stahl verbessert werden kann. Für den Fall, dass eine Feuerverzinkung bei einem Teil der Konstruktion nicht ausreicht, um den erforderlichen Feuerwiderstand sicherzustellen, könnte ein Teil der Konstruktion feuerverzinkt und ein anderer Teil mit einem reaktiven Brandschutzsystem geschützt werden. Die zusätzliche Erwärmung in einem Anschlussdetail, die aus dem feuerverzinkten Bauteil resultiert, muss beim Tragfähigkeitsnachweis des mit einem reaktiven Brandschutzsystem geschützten Bauteils berücksichtigt werden. Der Einfluss auf das Erwärmungsverhalten von Anschlüssen zwischen feuerverzinkten Sekundärträgern und mit reaktiven Brandschutzsystemen geschützten Hauptträgern wird daher mithilfe von Brandversuchen an unterschiedlichen Anschlussdetails untersucht. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist die Gewinnung von thermischen Daten im Anschlussbereich von Trägern mit I‐Profil, weshalb die Brandversuche ohne mechanische Belastung durchgeführt werden.
Characterization, variations, fluxes, and sources of contaminants in coal mine water of Korba basin, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Patel Khageshwar Singh , Pandey Piyush Kant , Agarwal Chandresh , Sahu Bharat Lal , Sharma Sanjay Kumar , Wysocka Irena , Yurdakul Sema , Varol Simge , Martín‐Ramos Pablo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSeveral million tons of coal are extracted which discharge the contaminated mineral water into the environment in the coal mines located in the Korba basin (Chhattisgarh, India) chosen as the study area. The aim of this work is to describe: (i) the physico‐chemical characteristics (pH, EC, TDS, DO, RP, CC (carbonate carbon), OC (organic carbon) F−, Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, SiO44−, PO43−, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Al, As, Sb, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Hg) of the coal mine water samples, (ii) spatial, seasonal (i.e. PrM (pre‐monsoon), M (monsoon) and PtM (post monsoon) and temporal (over the period of 2012–2017) variations, (iii) sources of contaminants from fourteen coal mines, (iv) suitability of the water for drinking and other uses, and (v) health impact of the mine water in view of developing remedial approaches.The mine water is neutral in nature with high TDS (total dissolved solid) values ranging from 620 to 13711 mg L−1 due to mainly high carbon content. The concertation of all species lies between 519–11432 mg L−1 with maximum value of OC. The most dominating species were OC, CC, Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, Na, and Ca. Species, that is, F−, OC, Al, Fe, As, Sb, Cd, Pb, and Hg occurred beyond their limits. Their higher concentration in the PtM is observed. Water quality index (WQI) values ranged from 17.52 to 95.68 in the PtM period. 42.85%, 21.42%, and 7.14% of water samples represent “excellent water”, “good water” and “poor water” respectively in the PtM period. In addition, the fertilizer and trace element concentrations in the water samples were compared with the limit values determined for usability as drinking water. Accordingly, it was concluded that it is not suitable for use as drinking water in terms of TDS, F−, and NO3− concentrations. In addition, AsT (total arsenic), F− and NO3− pollutants were detected in the water samples, and it was observed that F− and NO3− ions did not have a carcinogenic effect. A health risk assessment of As has been made, and it is found that adults and children have a low risk of developing cancer from the exposure. However, arsenic has high non‐carcinogenic and potentially harmful effects.
Experimental study on clogging of three different types of emitters with similar properties
Authors: El Bouhali Mohamed , Ouarriche Hamza , Bouisfi Firdaouss , Bouziane Abdelkhalek , Zouine Ahmed , Assoudi Redouane , Chaoui Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe drip irrigation process has been designed to reduce water losses, and to combine irrigation, with the supply of fertilizers. However, in drip irrigation systems, the clogging of emitters is a major problem that significantly reduces the performance of drip irrigation systems. The water used in these systems is generally loaded with suspended matter, which might cause clogging of the emitters. This work was carried out in order to evaluate the clogging rate in three different types of emitters with roughly similar flow rates, tested in an experimental drip irrigation system, using water pumped from the Sebou River. Thus, a compensating‐pressure emitter named E1 and two non‐compensating‐pressure emitters named E2 and E3 were tested. Each dripper was subjected to 112 irrigations, which lasted 397 h and were spread over a period of 2 months. To evaluate the hydraulic performance of the emitters, the following three coefficients were used to measure the effect of clogging: (i) the variation of the flow ratio (Dra), which reflects the degree of clogging; (ii) the emission uniformity coefficient (EU); and (iii) the Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CU). No emitters became completely clogged during the experiment. However, as the clogging rate increased, the average flow rates measured in some emitters at the end of the test had decreased by 89% compared to the initial flow rates. During the experiment, flow fluctuations were observed during the evolution of the clogging, which could come from a partial recovery of flow.
Random Walk Simulation of Chemical Reactions Represented by Nonlinear Reaction‐Diffusion Equations
Authors: Komkov V. , Dannon V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDieser Artikel besteht aus zwei Teilen, einer davon über stochastische Simulation von Lösungen nichtlinearer partieller Differentialgleichungen, wie sie bei chemischen Reaktionen auftreten, der andere über Prozesse, wie es zum Beispiel ökologische Phänomena sind, die mit Hilfe quasilinearer Lotka‐Volterra‐Systeme modelliert werden können.
Hautkrebsfrüherkennung in der alternden Bevölkerung Sachsen-Anhalts
Authors: Walter S. , Hasenpusch C. , Hrudey I. , Holstiege J. , Bätzing J. , Faßhauer H. , March S. , Swart E. , Stallmann C. 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das gesetzliche Hautkrebsscreening (gHKS) kann einem schweren Krankheitsverlauf von verschiedenen Hautkrebsarten vorbeugen. Das Beispiel des malignen Melanoms zeigt, dass es angesichts des hohen durchschnittlichen Erkrankungsalters von 62 Jahren (Frauen) und 68 Jahren (Männer) für die alternde Bevölkerung bedeutsam ist. Für Sachsen-Anhalt (ST) als ein vom demografischen Wandel besonders betroffenes Land gibt es für das gHKS wenige Daten zur ausführlichen Abbildung der Nutzung.

Ziel
Für die Studie werden die Teilnahmeraten des gHKS für Personen ab 55 Jahren in ST im Vergleich zum restlichen Bundesgebiet dargestellt. Gründe und Barrieren der Teilnahme aus Sicht der Inanspruchnahmeberechtigten sowie mögliche Handlungsfelder werden aufgezeigt.

Material und Methoden
Für die Zielgruppe werden deutschlandweite ambulante vertragsärztliche Abrechnungsdaten zum gHKS von 2011 bis 2020 quer- und längsschnittlich analysiert. Leitfadengestützte Telefoninterviews mit 18 Einwohner*innen dienen unter Anwendung der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz der Identifikation von Gründen und Barrieren der Inanspruchnahme des gHKS.

Ergebnisse
Das gHKS wurde in ST und dem restlichen Bundesgebiet 2011 bis 2020 selten und unregelmäßig in Anspruch genommen – die jährliche Inanspruchnahmerate lag jeweils ca. bei 8,0 % (Bundesdurchschnitt: 8,4 %). Etwa 50 % der anspruchsberechtigten Personen ab 55 Jahren nahmen zwischen 2011 und 2020 gar nicht am gHKS teil. Die höchsten Inanspruchnahmeraten hatten Männer zwischen 70 und 79 Jahren. Neben kreisspezifischen Unterschieden, die auf mögliche Versorgungslücken hindeuten, scheinen insbesondere Informationsdefizite die geringe Teilnahme zu bedingen.

Diskussion
Die geringe Inanspruchnahme des gHKS u. a. aufgrund von Informationsdefiziten unter den Anspruchsberechtigten erfordert zielgruppenspezifische Informationsangebote.
Sondenlose Herzschrittmacher
Authors: Steinwender Clemens , Blessberger Hermann , Saleh Karim 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie beiden aktuell erhältlichen sondenlosen Schrittmacher weisen in den jeweiligen Zulassungsstudien sowie den zusätzlichen Real-world-Registern eine hohe Effektivität und Sicherheit auf. Im Vergleich zu konventionellen Schrittmachern finden sich niedrigere Langzeit-Komplikationsraten (v. a. im Hinblick auf Sondendislokationen und Systeminfektionen). Zunehmende Evidenz (derzeit größtenteils für den MicraTM [Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA]) zeigt, dass diese Vorzüge auch Bestand haben und daher von einer „dauerhaft guten Lösung“ gesprochen werden kann.
Impact of implementing Dutch versus European guideline risk factor targets in older patients with ischaemic heart disease
Authors: van Trier Tinka J. , Snaterse Marjolein , Herings Ron M. C. , Overbeek Jetty A. , Peters Ron J. G. , Jørstad Harald T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
In patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) aged > 70 years, Dutch and European guidelines recommend different treatment targets: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) < 2.6 versus < 1.4 mmol/l and systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 140 versus < 130 mm Hg, respectively. How this impacts cardiovascular event-free life expectancy has not been investigated. The study objective was to compare estimated lifelong treatment benefits of implementing Dutch and European LDL‑c and SBP targets.

Methods
Data from patients aged 71–80 years hospitalised for IHD in 2017–2019 were extracted from the PHARMO Database Network, which links primary and secondary healthcare settings, with follow-up until 31 December 2020. Potential benefit according to treatment strategy (in gain in event-free years) was estimated using the SMART-REACH model.

Results

Of the 3003 eligible patients, 1186 (39%) had missing LDL‑c and/or SBP measurements. Of the 1817 included patients (36% women, median age at event: 74 years (interquartile range (IQR): 72–77), 84% achieved the Dutch targets for both LDL‑c and SBP; for European targets, this was 23% and 61%, respectively. If Dutch targets were met for LDL‑c and SBP (n = 1281), the additional effect of reaching European targets was a median gain of 0.6 event-free life years (IQR: 0.3–1.0). The greatest effect could be reached in patients not reaching Dutch targets (n = 501), with a median gain of 0.6 (IQR: 0.2–1.2) and 1.7 (IQR: 1.2–2.5) event-free years with Dutch versus European targets.

Conclusion

In patients aged > 70 years with IHD, implementation of European targets resulted in a greater gain of event-free years compared with Dutch targets, especially in patients with poorer risk factor control. The considerable number of patients with missing risk factor documentation suggested additional opportunities for risk reduction.
An Efficient E-Voting System for Business Intelligence Innovation Based on Blockchain
Authors: Yi Haibo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBusiness intelligence (BI) is driven by data and provides valuable business insights and decision support through data analysis, mining, and visualization. The application of blockchain technology in electronic voting can make the voting process more fair and transparent. This is because the decentralized nature of blockchain technology ensures that voting data is not lost due to a single central server failure and also mitigates the risk of data tampering. However, electronic voting still faces security issues that are not easily resistant to quantum attacks. To address these challenges, we propose post-quantum cryptography and verifiable random functions for secure and efficient business intelligence electronic voting. Firstly, we propose a post-quantum verifiable random function algorithm that can resist quantum computer attacks. Secondly, we introduce a consensus algorithm based on random functions to achieve fast and efficient consensus. Thirdly, we propose a blockchain architecture based on the consensus algorithm to achieve secure and efficient blockchain applications. By integrating post-quantum verifiable random functions, consensus algorithms, and blockchain technology, we present an efficient business intelligence electronic voting system. Implementation and comparison with relevant designs demonstrate that this system provides efficient and secure electronic voting services for business intelligence users. Furthermore, the efficient consensus algorithm can be utilized to improve other blockchain applications or decentralized applications.
Estimation of body segmental orientation for prosthetic gait using a nonlinear autoregressive neural network with exogenous inputs
Authors: Tham Lai Kuan , Al Kouzbary Mouaz , Al Kouzbary Hamza , Liu Jingjing , Abu Osman Noor Azuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAssessment of the prosthetic gait is an important clinical approach to evaluate the quality and functionality of the prescribed lower limb prosthesis as well as to monitor rehabilitation progresses following limb amputation. Limited access to quantitative assessment tools generally affects the repeatability and consistency of prosthetic gait assessments in clinical practice. The rapidly developing wearable technology industry provides an alternative to objectively quantify prosthetic gait in the unconstrained environment. This study employs a neural network-based model in estimating three-dimensional body segmental orientation of the lower limb amputees during gait. Using a wearable system with inertial sensors attached to the lower limb segments, thirteen individuals with lower limb amputation performed two-minute walk tests on a robotic foot and a passive foot. The proposed model replicates features of a complementary filter to estimate drift free three-dimensional orientation of the intact and prosthetic limbs. The results indicate minimal estimation biases and high correlation, validating the ability of the proposed model to reproduce the properties of a complementary filter while avoiding the drawbacks, most notably in the transverse plane due to gravitational acceleration and magnetic disturbance. Results of this study also demonstrates the capability of the well-trained model to accurately estimate segmental orientation, regardless of amputation level, in different types of locomotion task.
A Mātauranga Māori Perspective of Literacy for Adult Learners
Authors: Furness Jane , Rua Mohi , Masters-Awatere Bridgette , Piercy-Cameron Gemma , Cochrane Bill , Heaton Sharyn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlobally, literacy can be conceived of in different ways. Two perspectives that have influenced adult literacy policy internationally are the economic functionalist and the sociocultural. In Aotearoa New Zealand, Māori educators have repeatedly advanced a mātauranga Māori perspective of literacy. This perspective has parallels with the embodied, practice-based multiliteracies and sociomateriality of the sociocultural perspective but less so with the dominant functionalist perspective. To address how Māori views have been side-lined in adult literacy policy development, we seek to clarify this view and foreground Māori-led policy recommendations that date back to the creation of the New Zealand Adult Literacy Strategy in 2001. We also highlight the relevance of this perspective by sharing the success and effectiveness of Māori-led adult literacy programmes. In doing so, we demonstrate the need for a biliteracy approach to adult literacy policy to reflect our bicultural nation and ensure Māori aspirations for literacy are met.