bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy Of Serum Ferritin, C-Reactive Protein, Lactate Dehydrogenase And D. Dimers In Assessing Severity And Outcome Of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Aziz-Un-Nisa  , Muhammad Dur , Zaib Sultan , Khan Ibrahim , Zaib Imran , Saleem Shehrish 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT:
Introduction:
Covid-19 emerged as pandemic. In the beginning, due to the rapid spread of virus it was difficult to understand fully its pathogenesis but various inflammatory markers were found to be raised. Along with the detection of virus by polymerase reaction (PCR), studies of these markers not only help in diagnosis but also in assessing the prognosis of covid-19 infection.
Material and methods:
This cross sectional study was conducted in the Capital Hospital, CDA Islamabad from December to June 2022. After taking consent various inflammatory markers were recorded on a proforma. Patients were followed and outcome was also recorded. The data collected was analyzed by percentage/ frequency distribution. T-test was applied and p-values were calculated (significant p-value=<0.05). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, area under curve (AUC) and accuracy were calculated by using SPSS, version 23.
Results:
A total of 185 covid-19 PCR positive patients were included in the study. 112(60.5%) were men and 73 (39.5%) were women. 165(89.2%) patients were > 40 years of age. 117 (63.2%) patients had mild /moderate disease and 68(36.8%) had severe disease. 162 (87.5%) patients were discharged and 23 (23.4%) expired. AUC in relation to severity of disease was 0.603 for C- reactive protein (CRP), 0.543 for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), 0.525 for D. dimers and 0.619 for ferritin. Accuracy in relation to disease severity was as following: CRP 57.4%, D. dimers 52.4 %, ferritin 57.9% and LDH 55.7%. AUC in relation to outcome of covid-19 was 0.699 for CRP, 0.668 for LDH, 0.742 for D. dimers and 0.677 for ferritin. Accuracy of inflammatory markers in relation to outcome was as following: CRP 45.9%, D. dimers 61.2%, LDH 48.1% and ferritin 46.9%.
Conclusion:
Serum ferritin showed the highest accuracy (57.9%) in assessing the covid-19 severity and D. dimer came up with highest accuracy (61.2%) in assessing disease outcome.
Comparison Of Prophylactic Injection Of Corticosteroid With Placebo, In Management Of Wrist Pain On Ulnar Aspect In Patients Of Fractures Of Distal Radius
Authors: Akhtar Rahman Rasool , Warraich Umer Zia , Ahmed Riaz , Haider Muhammad , Qammar Muhammad Umair , Khan Armaghana Qamar 
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Distal radius fractures are one of the commonest fractures experienced by the Orthopaedic surgeons. Pain on the ulnar aspect of the wrist is the most usual complication of such fractures. Corticosteroid injection is a simple and effective method for elevating pain of such nature.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the mean pain score with prophylactic corticosteroid injection versus placebo in management of wrist pain on ulnar aspect in patients presenting with fracture of distal radius.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Study Design: Randomized controlled trial
Setting: Orthopedic Surgery Department, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi
Duration: Six months (March 5, 2018 to Sept 5, 2018)
Data Collection Procedure:
80 patients were included by using non-probability consecutive sampling after fulfilling the selection criteria. Demographic profile (patient name, age, gender, anatomical side and contact details) was obtained. Patients were splitted in two random groups by simple lottery method. Patients of group A were given one shot of 80mg corticosteroid in the area of ulnar styloid process near TFCC and group B patients were given a shot of distilled water (2 cc). Both group of patients were followed in OPD for 3 months in their postoperative visits. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score was recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results:
The mean age of the patients was 41.05 ± 11.05 years and age range of 40 years. The mean age in the corticosteroid and placebo groups was 39.68±10.67 years and 42.42 ± 11.39 years respectively. There were 42 (52.50%) male and 38 (47.50%) female patients with a higher male ratio i.e., 1.10:1. In corticosteroid and placebo groups there were 21 (52.50%) male and 19 (47.50%) female cases. The mean pain at baseline was 7.72 ± 1.66 while in the corticosteroid and placebo group, the mean pain was 7.60 ± 1.67 and 7.85 ± 1.65 respectively with statistically equal mean pain p-value = 0.504. After 3 months of treatment, mean pain in the corticosteroid group was 1.30 ± 0.66 and was 2.60 ± 1.58 in the placebo group, p-value < 0.001.
Conclusion:
Our findings suggested that prophylactic corticosteroid injection is more effective in reducing pain in patients with distal radial fracture than placebo. By using prophylactic corticosteroid injections in the future, we can reduce pain to achieve more satisfaction of patients.
The Gas Accretion Rate of Galaxies over z ≈ 0–1.3
Authors: Chowdhury Aditya , Kanekar Nissim , Chengalur Jayaram N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present here estimates of the average rates of accretion of neutral gas onto main-sequence galaxies and the conversion of atomic gas to molecular gas in these galaxies at two key epochs in galaxy evolution: (i) z ≈ 1.3–1.0, toward the end of the epoch of peak star formation activity in the Universe, and (ii) z ≈ 1–0, when the star formation activity declines by an order of magnitude. We determine the net gas accretion rate R
Acc and the molecular gas formation rate R
Mol by combining the relations between the stellar mass and the atomic gas mass, the molecular gas mass, and the star formation rate (SFR) at three epochs, z = 1.3, z = 1.0, and z = 0, with the assumption that galaxies evolve continuously on the star-forming main sequence. We find that, for all galaxies, R
Acc is far lower than the average SFR R
SFR at z ≈ 1.3–1.0; however, R
Mol is similar to R
SFR during this interval. Conversely, both R
Mol and R
Acc are significantly lower than R
SFR over the later interval, z ≈ 1–0. We find that massive main-sequence galaxies had already acquired most of their present-day baryonic mass by z ≈ 1.3. At z ≈ 1.3–1.0, the rapid conversion of the existing atomic gas to molecular gas was sufficient to maintain a high average SFR, despite the low net gas accretion rate. However, at later times, the combination of the lower net gas accretion rate and the lower molecular gas formation rate leads to a decline in the fuel available for star formation and results in the observed decrease in the SFR density of the Universe over the last 8 Gyr.
RNO 54: A Previously Unappreciated FU Ori Star
Authors: Hillenbrand Lynne A. , Carvalho Adolfo , van Roestel Jan , De Kishalay 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present evidence in support of the hypothesis that the young stellar object RNO 54 is a mature-stage FU Ori type source. The star was first cataloged as a “red nebulous object” in the 1980s but appears to have undergone its outburst prior to the 1890s. Present-day optical and near-infrared spectra are consistent with those of other FU Ori-type stars, both in the details of spectral line presence and shape, and in the overall change in spectral type from an FGK-type in the optical, to the M-type presented in the near-infrared. In addition, the spectral energy distribution of RNO 54 is well-fit by a pure-accretion disk model with parameters:

M

̇

=

10

−
3.45
±
0.06

M
⊙ yr−1, M
* = 0.23 ± 0.06 M
⊙, and R
inner = 3.68 ± 0.76 R
⊙, though we believe R
inner is likely close to its upper range of 4.5R
⊙ in order to produce a

T

max

=
7000

K that is consistent with the optical to near-infrared spectra. The resulting L
acc is ∼265 L
⊙. To find these values, we adopted a source distance d = 1400 pc and extinction A

V
= 3.9 mag, along with disk inclination i = 50 deg based on the consideration of confidence intervals from our initial disk model, and in agreement with observational constraints. The new appreciation of a well-known source as an FU Ori-type object suggests that other such examples may be lurking in extant samples.
Devenir éducateur/rice sous contrainte raciale
Authors: Lemercier Élise , Palomares Élise 
Published: November 2023

Neuf ans après la départementalisation de Mayotte, l’action publique s’y institutionnalise et se normalise, notamment dans le champ des politiques sociales, restées longtemps facultatives du fait de l’histoire coloniale. Les principes majeurs de division et de hiérarchies issus de cette histoire – la race, le genre et la nationalité – n’ont pas disparu : ils se sont amplement recomposés au gré des évolutions historiques de grande ampleur que cet ensemble régional a connues. Par les nouvelles règles qu’elle impose dans tous les domaines et par les ressources qu’elle alloue, l’action publique joue un rôle considérable dans ce mouvement. En se centrant sur le secteur du travail social, cet article aborde les logiques de racialisation qui traversent l’action publique locale en contrastant les parcours et les points de vue de professionnel·les du travail social – éducateur/rices, médiateur/rices, chef·fes d’équipes et dirigeants associatifs –, que ces personnes soient en situations majoritaire ou minoritaires. Comment ces logiques de racialisation sont-elles reconduites, vécues, appropriées, parfois contestées par des professionnel·les aux positions contrastées, sinon antagonistes ?
A PREVALÊNCIA DA LUXAÇÃO DE QUADRIL EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES FREQUENTADORES DA ASSOCIAÇÃO NORTE PARANAENSE DE REABILITAÇÃO (ANPR).
Authors: Rodrigues Grigio Natalia , Dos Santos Pamela Carla , Parrilha Mota Furlan Jociely 
Published: November 2023

Dentre os transtornos neuromotores que afetam o SNC, a hipertonia elástica (espasticidade) é uma alteração comum, podendo gerar problemas anatômicos incluindo luxações. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prevalência da luxação de quadril nas consultas médicas realizadas na Associação Norte Paranaense de Reabilitação (ANPR) no período de 14 meses, juntamente com dados sócio demográficos e dados clínicos. Foram analisados 161 relatórios médicos no arquivo da ANPR para investigação de luxação, no qual foram solicitados a radiografia (Raio X) de quadril para 54 indivíduos, retornaram para análise 43 radiografias onde se apresentaram 12 pacientes com luxação de quadril, uma prevalência de 22%. Relacionando com os dados clínicos desses pacientes demonstra-se que a maior parte das luxações de quadril ocorreram em portadores de transtornos neuromotores com presença de espasticidade.
Intensity and Density of Stressful Life Events in First Suicide Attempters with Psychiatric Morbidity and Comorbidity: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Kulkarni Ranganath R. , Rao K. Nagaraja , Begum Shamshad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Stressful life events (LEs) have been pivotal to suicidal behavior in vulnerable individuals, although its quantum and clustering have remained unclear. This study aimed to estimate and compare the quantum and clustering of LEs across three time periods, three suicide intentionality–lethality categories, and three diagnostic groups in survivors of first suicide attempt (SoFSA).

Materials and Methods:
One hundred SoFSA were compared to 100 age- and sex-matched controls for LEs across psychiatric and/or personality comorbidity. Presumptive Stressful LE Scale, Risk-Rescue Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression- and Anxiety-Rating Scales, and structured and semi-structured clinical interviews were administered for comprehensive mental health evaluation.

Results:
SoFSA with age ≥30 years, male gender, schooling <10 years, middle-lower socioeconomic class, married, extended/joint family living, family history of psychiatric disorders/suicide, and concomitant depression–anxiety exhibit significantly higher undesirable, ambiguous, and total LEs across time periods. One-way analysis of variance with post hoc analysis revealed SoFSA who attempted medically serious suicide suffered higher undesirable (F[2,97] = 4.43; P = 0.014) and total (F[2,97] = 3.39; P = 0.038) LEs during recent 6 months compared to medically nonlethal group. SoFSA diagnosed with comorbid psychiatric and personality disorders experienced higher undesirable, ambiguous, and total LEs across all time periods (P < 0.0001), compared to either disorder alone. Desirable LE did not significantly differ across all time periods and diagnostic categories, but ambiguous LE was the only significant finding among SoFSA with personality disorders.

Conclusion:
This study sheds newer insights that quantitative estimation (intensity and density) of LEs has a potential role in suicide-risk evaluation, with clustering of total or undesirable LE (>3 within 1 year or >10 lifetimes) and ambiguous LE (≥1 within 1 year or > 3 lifetimes) posing risk for psychiatric morbidity and medically serious suicidal behavior (especially, if lifetime total LE > 10). SoFSA with comorbid psychiatric and personality disorders experience higher intensity and density of LEs than either disorder alone, across all time periods.
Organic Brain Disorders Manifesting as Psychiatric Symptoms
Authors: Patel Beejal M. , Ghosh Sanjukta S , Vora Vaishal N. , Lakdawala Bhaveshkumar M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Organic brain disorders (OBD) may present with multiple psychiatric symptoms which may mimic as primary psychiatric disorder. We present three cases such as astrocytoma, cerebellar cyst, and hypothalamic hamartoma presented to our psychiatric outpatient department with psychotic, manic, and headache symptoms with no physical neurological signs and symptoms. Treatment resistance and relapse motivated us for seeking neuroimaging that subsequently revealed space occupying lesions. Some patients with neurologically silent OBD may present with psychiatric symptoms only. Therefore, we should consider of neuroimaging in patients with a change in mental status regardless of a lack of neurological symptoms.
Online Support Group: Ways to Care for the Caregivers during the Pandemic
Authors: Maritska Ziske , Nudhar Latifah , Prananjaya Bintang Arroyantri , Liansari Raden Ayu Mulya , Parisa Nita , Suryani Puji Rizki , Hartanti Miranti Dwi , Fathia Rizka , Triyoga Muhammad Adam , Ramadhan Mohammad Hilal Atthariq , Anggraini Friska , Salim Jesica Putri , Putri Safa Nabila 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The current world situation has put many at risk of having mental health issues, with the caregivers of mental disorders patients no exception. The pandemic has limited their access to the support they need in providing care for people with mental illnesses. Thus, a group of lecturers and students from the faculty of medicine at Universitas Sriwijaya assist families/caregivers of people with mental disorders during the pandemic through an online platform. The team screened for potential families/caregivers of mental disorder patients who went to Ernaldi Bahar Mental Hospital in Palembang, Indonesia. Twenty-four families of mental disorder patients consented to join the WhatsApp group with the doctors, who took a turn sharing varied topics weekly for 4 months (June–September 2021) through the WhatsApp messaging platform. Families found it helpful to join the group because they could interact and ask questions directly to doctors who are experts in their field, signifying that this activity is beneficial for families of people with mental disorders to increase resilience during the pandemic.
Anxiety and Depression in Parents of Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Sharma Rachit , Singh Harpreet , Chatterjee Kaushik , Bhat Pookala Shivaram , Srivastava Kalpana , Saini Rajiv Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Parents of the children and adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) are prone to psychological distress than as compared to parents of normally developing children and adolescents. Various biopsychosocial factors affect the perception and manifestation of this stress and influences difference in quality and severity in psychological outcomes. When a couple faces stress of caregiving as a unit, it is worthwhile to know and assess distribution pattern amongst the primary care giver and the other parent.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to evaluate the proportional distribution of depression and anxiety in primary care giver and the other parent in parents of children and adolescents with ID.

Materials and Methods:
Using a Cross-sectional observational study design, 99 parents (99 fathers and 98 mothers) of 99 children and adolescents (up to 18 yrs of age) with Intellectual Disability were assessed for Depressive and Anxiety symptoms using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Comparison of proportional distribution of psychiatric morbidity among fathers and mothers (primary care giver) was done using 2 independent sample proportion tests.

Results:
The mothers were found to be the primary care givers. 35.4% of fathers and 66.3% of mothers had significant depressive symptoms. 57.6% of fathers and 91.8% of mothers had significant anxiety symptoms. In 33 couples, fathers did not report anxiety or depressive symptoms but corresponding 27 mothers reported significant anxiety or depressive symptoms or both. In rest of the couples in whom fathers reported anxiety and/or depressive symptoms, the corresponding mothers also reported. In six couples where mothers did not report anxiety or depression, the fathers also did not report any anxiety or depressive symptoms.

Conclusion:
Depressive and Anxiety symptoms are very prevalent in parents of children with ID. Their proportion is significantly high in primary care giver (mother) as comparedto corresponding other parent (father). There is unequal distribution of anxiety and depression in these parents with a skew towards mother.
The Applicability of Interprofessional Education for Collaborative People-centered Practice and Care to Health Plans and Workforce Issues: A Thematic Global Case Review
Authors: Gilbert John H. V. , Girard Marie-Andree , Grymonpre Ruby E. , Mahler Cornelia , Maxwell Barbara 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
This article focuses on a growing, global recognition of the importance of the field of interprofessional education for person-centered collaborative practice (IPECP) expressed through high-level policy and accreditation decisions/actions taking place in 5 countries. Policy decisions are used to motivate strategies related to IPECP that align with national health plans, and workforce issues.

Methods:
Using a collective of representative stories from around the globe, a grouping of case studies were developed to illustrate different approaches and challenges to IPECP implementation.

Results:
Institutions from countries of various income levels face many similar challenges in the execution, delivery, and sustainability of IPECP. All programs face issues of financing, of preparing faculty, of developing and organizing curricula, and of bridging between campus and community.

Discussion:
Policies are being developed that promote a global approach to the inclusion of IPECP in the accreditation and regulation of postsecondary institutions and health service organizations, in keeping with WHO National Health Workforce Accounts. Policies developed promote and demonstrate the benefits of IPECP through remote emergency learning methods. The policies also build national systems for IPECP as an integral part of continuing professional development and lifelong learning. The organization of interprofessional research programs and the increasing publication of their results of such programs will lead to a clearer understanding of the efficacy of the field of IPECP. To ensure sustainability, stakeholders and policymakers should continue to foster policies that facilitate IPECP.
Status of the Indian biopharmaceutical industry and way forward to be a dominant global player
Authors: Ghosh Prasanta Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The government promotes biotechnology in India, with the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) taking the leadership role, whereas some other departments also join in the endeavor. Modern biotechnology is no more new to India. Several therapeutic and diagnostic products are manufactured in the country from the primary stage. The emphasis is on the manufacture of patent-expired products more cost-effectively. The Indian biopharmaceutical market was approximately INR 32261 crores (US$ 4.032 billion) during 2021–2022 and approximately 1.14% of the global market. The manufacture of biopharmaceuticals needs sophisticated equipment and specialized skills. India has acquired skills in recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) technologies, developed capacities in genetically modifying Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, Hansenula polymorpha, and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells lines, and has expertise in the multiplication of viruses in different animal and human cell lines. India produces many therapeutic and diagnostic recombinant proteins, including several therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. The more advanced areas of biopharmaceutical technology, such as mRNA-based cell therapies, including in-vitro modified somatic cell-based treatment and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, are evolving. Genome editing technologies involving the manipulation of germ line cells are in the research and development (R&D) stage. Xenotransplantation technologies and the development of humanized transgenic animals are yet to start. Appropriate artificial intelligence programs may be included in the Indian biopharmaceutical industry to speed up the development of novel biopharmaceuticals. There are shortages of leaders adequately trained in biopharmaceutical skills in manufacturing, and the industry has constraints of abundant infrastructure and finance for deployment in R&D. India is committed to fulfilling a social objective by providing many essential medicines, including biopharmaceuticals at affordable prices through the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana.
Short-term functional outcome of distal femur fracture treated with locking compression plate
Authors: Timbadiya Viral H , Parmar Haresh P , Machhi Rajnikant I , Aepa Shailesh A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Common modes of trauma for distal femur fractures are falls, sports injuries, and road traffic accidents, especially in older patients. Locking plates are a commonly used surgical intervention for these fractures, as they provide stability and promote fracture healing, allowing patients to regain function and early mobility. Compared with traditional compression plates, locking plates provide better construct and more excellent stability than screws locked and provide fixed angled construct.

Aims and Objectives:
To analyze the short-term outcome of distal femur fractures regarding pain relief, range of motion (ROM) at the knee joint, and radiological outcome after treatment with a locking compression plate.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study involves 20 cases of fractures of the distal femur aged 18–80 years. All patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation using a locking plate. Functional and radiological outcomes were assessed using nominal effective exchange rate’s (NEER) scoring system as patients were followed up for 6 months. NEER’s scoring system evaluation includes pain, motion, walking capacity, work capacity, anatomy, and radiological assessment.

Results:
Radiological union was seen at the mean time of 18 weeks. On the final follow-up at 6 months, we noted ROM of more than 110° in 5 patients, 90°–100° in 11 patients, and 60°–90° in 4 patients. According to the NEER’s scoring system, patients with excellent results were 11 and satisfactory results were 6, whereas two patients went in failure in our study.

Conclusion:
Locking plate is an excellent option for treating the distal femoral fractures of both the articular and extra-articular types. Locking plates show an excellent outcome regarding fracture healing and patient satisfaction. However, potential complications such as infection, implant failure, malunion, and nonunion should be carefully considered and monitored.