bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida infections in swine
Authors: Amass Sandra Faye , Clark L. Kirk , Van Alstine William G. , Bowersock Terry L. , Murphy Duane A. , Knox Kay E. , Albregts Sharon R. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
To investigate the interaction between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida infection, 32 pigs were randomly assigned by litter, sex, and weight to 4 treatment groups. Group-1 pigs were inoculated with M hyopneumoniae and allowed to recover from M hyopneumoniae infection. Group-2 pigs were vaccinated against M hyopneumoniae and then inoculated with M hyopneumoniae. Group-3 pigs were inoculated with M hyopneumoniae and developed clinical signs of mycoplasmosis. Group-4 pigs had never been exposed to M hyopneumoniae. All pigs were initially seronegative for M hyopneumoniae. All pigs were subsequently inoculated with P multocida and euthanatized 2 weeks later. Pasteurella multocida was isolated only from the lungs of group-3 pigs, and these pigs had a significantly higher median percentage of lung surface area affected by pneumonia than did pigs in the other groups. For group-3 pigs, percentage of lung surface area affected by pneumonia was positively correlated with the number of P multocida colonies isolated. We concluded that P multocida is not a primary respiratory pathogen in pigs, but that M hyopneumoniae infection can render the lungs susceptible to P multocida colonization and infection. Pigs recovered from or vaccinated against infection with M hyopneumoniae were resistant to P multocida infection.
Right hepatic lobe atrophy in horses: 17 cases (1983-1993)
Authors: Jakowski Richard M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The case records of 17 horses with atrophy of the right hepatic lobe were reviewed. Fifteen horses had signs of colic. Two horses had clinical problems that were unassociated with gastrointestinal tract disease. Ages ranged from 5 to 30 years (mean, 12.6 years) and there was no breed or sex predisposition.
In clinically normal horses, the right hepatic lobe constitutes half of the total liver weight. The right hepatic lobe in the 17 horses in this study ranged from 11.0 to 38.3% of the total liver weight (mean, 27.8%). Findings on histologic examination of hepatic tissue from horses in the study were variable. Most had loss of hepatocytes, with condensation of hepatic stroma and thick wrinkled hepatic capsules.
Additional findings in the horses included torsion of the large colon (15), ileus without gastric rupture (3), typhlocolitis (2), colon infarction secondary to mesenteric strangulation (1), colon infarction secondary to sepsis (1), strangulation of the small intestine from pendulous lipoma (1), and nephrosplenic entrapment (1).
No morphologic evidence of angiopathic disease involving the arterial or venous blood supply to the right hepatic lobe was found. Additionally, there was no evidence of biliary tract disease in this portion of the liver. Right hepatic lobe atrophy is believed to result from long-term, insidious, compression of this portion of the liver from abnormal distention of the right dorsal colon and base of the cecum. The practice of feeding horses high-concentrate, low-fiber diets may contribute to atony of the right dorsal colon, with resultant distention that compresses the right hepatic lobe against the rigid, visceral surface of the diaphragm.
Analysis of risk factors for gastric dilatation and dilatation-volvulus in dogs
Authors: Glickman Lawrence T. , Glickman Nita W. , Pérez Cynthia M. , Schellenberg Diana B. , Lantz Gary C. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The Veterinary Medical Data Base was used to conduct an epidemiologic study of gastric dilatation and dilatation-volvulus (gdv) to describe changes over time in frequency of canine hospital admissions, to identify risk factors, and to estimate their relative importance. Cases in this case-control study included 1,934 dogs with gdv that were admitted to 12 participating veterinary hospitals from 1980 to 1989. The controls were 3,868 dogs with other diagnoses that were randomly selected from the same hospitals. Frequency of gdv per 1,000 canine hospital admissions ranged from 2.9 to 6.8. The case fatality rate was 28.6 and 33.3% for gastric dilatation alone and for gastric dilatation with volvulus, respectively. Using logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (or) and its 95% confidence limits (95% cl) for gdv associated with purebred vs mixed-breed dogs were 2.5 and 2.1, 3.0, respectively. The risk of gdv was associated with increasing age (Χ2 = 305.6, P < 0.0001) and increasing weight (Χ2 = 627.8, P < 0.0001). Significant association of gdv risk with sex or neuter status was not found. The 5 breeds having at least 10 cases and 8 controls and with the highest risk of gdv were Great Dane (or, 10.0; 95% cl, 6.4, 15.6), Weimaraner (or, 4.6; 95% cl, 2.3, 9.2), Saint Bernard (or, 4.2; 95% cl, 2.3, 7.4), Gordon Setter (or, 4.1; 95% cl, 1.8, 9.3), and Irish Setter (or, 3.5; 95% cl, 2.4, 5.0). The effect of increasing body weight on gdv risk was less than that of increasing ideal adult breed weight, determined by published breed standards. There was considerable heterogeneity of gdv risk for individual breeds within ideal adult breed-weight groups. The overall pattern of risk was suggestive that, in addition to age, body weight, and neuter status, a dog's body (thoracic) conformation also was an important determinant of susceptibility to gdv.
Use of transcolonic portal scintigraphy to monitor blood flow and progressive postoperative attenuation of partially ligated single extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs
Authors: Van Vechten Brian J. , Komtebedde Jan , Koblik Philip D. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Transcolonic portal scintigraphy was used to evaluate immediate and long-term changes in shunt blood flow after partial ligation of single extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in 8 dogs. Scintigraphy was performed before surgery, within the first 7 days after surgery, and 3 to 9 months after surgery. Shunt fraction values for this group of dogs before surgery ranged from 67 to 87% (normal reference range, ≤ 15%). On the basis of postoperative scintigraphy, 4 dogs had immediate and lasting occlusion of shunt blood flow (shunt fraction, ≤ 15%). One dog had a shunt fraction value within the reference range immediately after surgery, had evidence of recurrent shunt blood flow (shunt fraction, 23%) at 3 months after surgery, and again had a shunt fraction value within the reference range 9 months after surgery. Persistent, though reduced, shunt blood flow (shunt fractions, 23 and 2 7%) was evident immediately after surgery in 2 dogs. One of these dogs had a shunt fraction within the reference range 3 months after surgery, whereas shunt blood flow in the other dog had increased to 41%. One dog had no appreciable change in shunt blood flow immediately after surgery (shunt fraction, 70%), but the shunt fraction value had decreased to 41% at the time of the final scintigraphic examination.
As assessed by transcolonic portal scintigraphy, partial single extrahepatic portosystemic ligation caused a significant decrease in mean shunt blood flow in this group of 8 dogs and resulted in eventual shunt occlusion in a majority of the dogs (6 of 8 dogs). Partial ligation with progressive attenuation of shunt blood flow may obviate the need to perform additional surgery.
Surface oximetry for intraoperative assessment of colonic viability in horses
Authors: Snyder Jack R. , Pascoe John R. , Meagher Dennis M. , Thurmond Mark C. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Surface oximetry was used to evaluate viability of the ascending colon in 60 horses with naturally occurring colonic volvulus or displacement. Tissue surface oxygen tension (Pso2) was measured on the serosal surface of the pelvic flexure after anatomic correction of the colonic obstruction. Horses with Pso2 > 20 mm of Hg were predicted to have viable colon; whereas, horses with Pso2 ≤ 20 mm of Hg were predicted to have nonviable colon. Results of surface oximetry were compared with final outcome. For surface oximetry, sensitivity (ability to accurately identify colon that was nonviable) was 53%, but specificity (ability to accurately identify bowel that was viable) was 100%. Negative predictive value (probability that a horse with Pso2 > 20 mm of Hg truly had viable bowel) was 87%, and positive predictive value (probability that a horse with Pso2 ≤ 20 mm of Hg truly had nonviable bowel) was 100%. The overall accuracy was 88%. Of the 45 horses that had a colonic Pso2 > 20 mm of Hg and survived, 7 had been given, on the basis of subjective assessment of visual criteria, a good prognosis, 28 had been given a guarded prognosis, and 10 had been given a poor prognosis. Of the horses that had a colonic Pso2 > 20 mm of Hg but died after surgery because of further colonic infarction, confirmed at necropsy, 4 had been given a poor prognosis, and 3 had been given a guarded prognosis. Of the 8 horses that had a colonic Pso2 ≤ 20 mm of Hg and died after surgery, 7 had been given a poor prognosis, and 1 had been given a guarded prognosis. We concluded that surface oximetry, a relatively noninvasive technique, provided a better prediction of survival in horses with colonic volvulus or displacement than did visual inspection alone.
Effect of copper and iron on neutrophil function and humoral immunity of gestating beef cattle
Authors: Niederman Caroline N. , Blodgett Dennis , Eversole Dan , Schurig Gerhardt G. , Thatcher Craig D. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Eighty gestating beef cattle were used to determine the effect of trace mineral salt mixtures containing copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) on selected immune functions and factors affecting copper bioavailability. Pastured cattle were randomly assigned to receive one of the following combinations of Cu and Fe in the free-choice trace mineral salt: (1) 0 mg of Cu/0 mg of Fe/kg of trace mineral salt, (2) 1,600 mg of Cu (CuSO4)/3,000 mg of Fe/kg of trace mineral salt, (3) 1,600 mg of Cu (CuSO4)/0 mg of Fe/kg of trace mineral salt, and (4) 1,600 mg of Cu (CuCO3)/3,000 mg of Fe/kg of trace mineral salt. Total Cu/Fe consumption (from trace mineral salt) was 2/678, 193/1,050, 162/553, and 202/1,140 mg/head/d, respectively, for the 4 groups. After a 1-month period of acclimation and also on day 28 of the 36-day study, copper concentrations in serum were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in group 1 than in groups 3 and 4. Serum copper concentrations did not increase with time for any group, whereas hepatic copper concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.05) with time for all groups except group 1. Hepatic iron concentrations were similar among groups at the time of the initial and final hepatic biopsies on days 0 and 28, respectively. Hepatic iron concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.05) with time in groups 3 and 4.
Humoral response to chicken γ-globulin was high but did not differ among groups on any of the days analyzed. Neutrophil function tests, consisting of hydrogen peroxide production, phagocytosis of latex particles, calcium uptake, and superoxide production, were different only for phagocytosis among groups; the percentage of neutrophils phagocytizing latex beads was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for group 2 than the other groups. A similar reduction in phagocytosis was prevented by the omission of additional Fe from the trace mineral salt (groups 1 and 3) or use of CuCO3 (group 4).
Enteroplication for the prevention of intussusception recurrence in dogs: 31 cases (1978–1992)
Authors: Oakes Matt G. , Lewis Daniel D. , Hosgood Giselle , Beale Brian S. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Medical records of 31 dogs that had undergone surgery for correction of intussusception during a 14-year period were reviewed. Enteroplication was performed on 9 dogs during the initial surgery, and intussusception did not recur in any of these dogs. Intussusceptions recurred in 6 of 22 dogs without enteroplication. Five of these dogs had undergone resection of the primary lesion and anastomosis and 1 dog had undergone manual reduction of the intussusception. Intussusceptions recurred proximal to the initial lesion in 4 dogs, and at the same site in 2 dogs. Enteroplication was performed in 4 dogs following surgical correction of recurrence of an intussusception, and further recurrences were not seen in any of these dogs. Enteroplication did not cause any apparent adverse effects and decreased the probability of recurrence of intussusception in these dogs.
Peritonitis associated with Actinobacillus equuli in horses: 15 cases (1982–1992)
Authors: Golland Lorraine C. , Hodgson David R. , Hodgson Jennifer L. , Brownlow Margaret A. , Hutchins David R. , Rawlinson Robert J. , Collins Mark B. , McClintock Stephen A. , Raisis Anthea L. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Peritonitis attributable to Actinobacillus equuli was diagnosed in 15 horses examined at the veterinary center between 1982 and 1992. In 13 horses, historical findings included acute onset of mild to severe signs of abdominal pain, lethargy, and inappetence. Two other horses had a history of weight loss for 3 to 6 weeks prior to examination. Diagnosis was based on the physical signs and laboratory findings, including results of peritoneal fluid analysis (gross characteristics, total protein, total and differential nucleated cell counts, and morphologic findings) and culture of A equuli. Actinobacillus equuli was consistently susceptible in vitro to penicillin, trimethoprim/sulfadiazine, and aminoglycosides. All horses in the study had marked clinical improvement within 24 to 48 hours of commencing antibiotic and supportive treatment. Antibiotic treatment was continued for variable periods, depending on the horse, but ranged from 5 to 21 days. In 11 horses for which follow-up information was available, long-term response to treatment was excellent, with horses returning to original activity.
Urinary α-amylase and serum macroamylase activities in dogs with proteinuria
Authors: Corazza Michele , Tognetti Rosalba , Guidi Grazia , Buonaccorsi Alfredo 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Activities of urinary α-amylase and serum macroamylase; concentrations of serum creatinine, immunocomplexes, and urinary protein; and patterns of proteinuria were determined in 35 dogs with proteinuria. Urinary α-amylase activity ranged from 37 to 4,031 U/L. Macroamylasemia was detected in 77.14% of dogs and the percentage of α-amylase precipitated ranged from 4.68 to 61.63. Serum α-amylase activity after immunoglobulin precipitation ranged from 654 to 6,390 U/L in 51.42% of the dogs; the values were higher than the reference limits. Concentrations of serum creatinine and immunocomplexes were higher than reference limits for 25.71 and 60% of dogs, respectively. Urinary protein concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 8.9 g/L· All the patterns of proteinuria were represented. Linear regression indicated correlations between urinary α-amylase activities, serum creatinine concentrations (P < 0.01), and concentration of immunocomplexes (P < 0.05). Mann-Whitney test indicated significantly higher urinary α-amylase activity (P < 0.02) and percentage of α-amylase precipitated (P < 0.05) in dogs with renal insufficiency.
New technique and management guidelines for percutaneous nonendoscopic tube gastrostomy
Authors: Mauterer John V. , Abood Sarah K. , Buffington C. A. , Smeak Daniel D. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
A percutaneous nonendoscopic gastrostomy tube placement device and a new technique for nonendoscopic gastric feeding tube placement were developed for use in animais weighing < 15 kg. After a successful experimental trial in 7 cats, the tube placement device was used in 8 clinical animals (7 cats and 1 dog). All gastrostomy feeding tubes were placed on the first attempt within 10 minutes. Position of the tube was evaluated by endoscopy in 14 of 15, by radiography in 4 of 15, and by celiotomy and necropsy in 2 of 15 animals, respectively. Placement was comparable to the percutaneous endoscopic technique in all but 1 cat. In this animal, the tube had to be placed exiting the skin in a caudoventral location because of severe panniculitis. Complications related to the use of the tube placement device were not observed. Complications related to gastrostomy tube management developed in 5 of 15 animals. The prevalence of clinically important or life-threatening complications (peritonitis or premature removal) was 3 of 15.
Evaluation of serum estradiol concentrations in alopecic ferrets with adrenal gland tumors
Authors: Wagner Robert A. , Dorn David P. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Seventeen ferrets were examined because of progressive bilaterally symmetric alopecia that was nonpruritic. Dermatologic and endocrinologic testing were used to determine the cause of the alopecia. Resting cortisol, testosterone, and thyroxin concentrations and results of acth stimulation tests were found to be within reference range limits established for this species. High serum estradiol concentrations were found to be a reliable indicator of adrenal cortical neoplasia in these ferrets.
Effect of exogenous prostaglandin F2α in clinically normal postparturient dairy cows with a palpable corpus luteum
Authors: Gay John M. , Upham G. Lynn 
Published: December 2023

Summary
In 228 clinically normal cows with a palpable corpus luteum 20 to 40 days after parturition and a mean 305-day mature equivalent milk production of 8,970 kg, prostaglandin F2α was administered in a randomized, controlled clinical trial to determine whether such treatment enhanced their subsequent reproductive performance. Although the treatment reduced median time to first breeding by 4.5 days (P = 0.0025) from 57.0 days, median time to conception was not significantly different between the treatment and nontreated control group (87.0 vs 88.5 days) and conception rate by 110 days after parturition was not significantly different (64.7 vs 69.6%). Use of prostaglandin was associated with a significant (P = 0.0459) decrease in conception rate at first breeding from 42.0 to 29.3%. This study suggested that prostaglandin treatment of cows with a normal reproductive tract and a palpable corpus luteum at a median of 25 days after parturition does not enhance their reproductive performance and thus is not cost-effective.
Evaluation of prognostic factors for dogs with synovial sarcoma: 36 cases (1986–1991)
Authors: Vail David M. , Powers Barbara E. , Getzy David M. , Morrison Wallace B. , McEntee Margaret C. , O’Keefe Deborah A. , Norris Alan M. , Withrow Stephen J. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Medical records of 36 dogs with synovial sarcoma confirmed by microscopic examination of h&e-stained sections of tissue were selected for retrospective analysis from dogs admitted between 1986 and 1991 to participating institutions of the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group. Metastasis was evident at the time of diagnosis in 8 (22%) dogs, and 15 (41%) dogs ultimately developed metastatic tumors. Median survival time for all dogs, as determined by lije-table analysis, was 17 months. For dogs that were subsequently treated and became tumor free, the median disease-free interval was 30 months. Nine dogs had previously had localized excision attempted, but all had recurrence of the tumor locally (median, 4.5 months). Of 29 dogs that underwent amputation, including the 9 with localized recurrence, 2 had tumor recurrence on the amputation stump. Most dogs had survival time and disease-free interval of > 36 months after amputation. Four dogs that had received chemotherapy for tumors of advanced clinical stages did not respond to treatment. One dog that had received locally applied radiotherapy after localized excision did not have evidence of tumor recurrence 2 years after radiotherapy. Clinical stage, histologic grade, and a positive result for tests that used cytokeratin immunohistochemical staining significantly (P < 0.05) influenced survival time and disease-free interval. Analysis of data for the study reported here suggested that histologic criteria can be an excellent predictor of dogs that are likely to have tumor recurrence after amputation and that would most likely benefit from aggressive treatment with adjuvants.
Surgeons’ preferences in treating cranial cruciate ligament ruptures in dogs
Authors: Korvick Donna L. , Johnson Ann L. , Schaeffer David J. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
To characterize veterinary surgeons’ preferences in diagnostic, surgical, and postoperative management of cranial cruciate ligament ruptures in dogs, 175 surgeons, including American College of Veterinary Surgeons diplomates, surgery specialty-practice veterinarians, university surgeons, and surgery residents, were surveyed. Their experience with stifle surgery was evenly distributed from 1 to > 21 years. Approximately 70% (118/175) of surgeons treated 3 to 9 dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture each month. In diagnosis, 98% (172/175) of the surgeons used a cranial drawer test with the stifle joint at 140° of flexion. Stifle radiography was performed by 53% (93/175) of surgeons for acute and by 81% (141/175) of surgeons for chronic cases. In repair of cranial cruciate ligament ruptures, 32% (56/175) of surgeons did not use intra-articular procedures, whereas 8% (14/175) of surgeons did not use extra-articular procedures. Surgical preferences depended on dog size (P < 0.05). For small dogs (ie, < 11 kg), 80% (140/175) of surgeons used extra-articular methods, and 14% (24/175) used intra-articular methods. For medium dogs (ie, 11 to 29 kg), 52% (91/175) of surgeons used extraarticular and 43% (75/175) used intra-articular methods. For large dogs (ie, > 29 kg), surgeons’ preferences depended on the injury’s duration (P < 0.05). For large dogs with acute injuries, 39% (68/175) preferred extra-articular and 55% (96/175) preferred intra-articular, whereas in chronic cases, 52% (91/175) preferred extra-articular and 42% (73/175) preferred intra-articular. The most common extra-articular method was placement of a suture from the lateral fabella to a hole drilled in the tibial tuberosity. Nylon and polypropylene were the most common sutures used for extra-articular repairs. Placement of fascia lata over the lateral femoral condyle (over-the-top technique) was the most common intra-articular method. Seventy percent (83/119) of surgeons used sutures to attach the graft, whereas 30% (36/119) used a screw and spiked washer. In general, surgeons combined more surgical procedures for extra-articular repairs and fewer for intra-articular repairs. Most surgeons immobilized the affected joint for ≤ 3 weeks following surgery, however, 23% (52/224) of bandaging choices were to opt for no joint immobilization. Following surgery, house confinement and restricted activity for ≤ 12 weeks was preferred by 87% (152/175) of surgeons.
Sonographic findings in horses with mediastinal lymphosarcoma: 13 cases (1985–1992)
Authors: Garber Jenifer L. , Reef Virginia B. , Reimer Johanna M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Sonographic findings correlated with necropsy findings in 8 of 9 horses in which the cranial portion of the mediastinum was evaluated by use of both methods. Cranial mediastinal masses were imaged as multilobular and homogeneously hypoechoic; a complex echogenic pattern was observed with necrosis within the mass. Pleural effusion was a common finding in horses with mediastinal lymphosarcoma. Cytologic evaluation of pleural fluid samples was useful in diagnosis of lymphosarcoma in 10 of 12 horses that had thoracentesis. Sonographic examination of the thorax and cranial portion of the mediastinum can aid in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphosarcoma in horses. Such examination should be performed in horses with clinical signs of cranial vena cava obstruction in which pleural effusion is detected, or when thoracic lymphosarcoma is suspected.