bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light‐assisted noncompetitive fluorescence immunoassay for photosensitive antibiotic detection
Authors: Jiang Qi , Jiao Dan , Yan Xinrong , Zhang Jiangyan , Cheng Yongqiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe development of simple, sensitive, and efficient methods for antibiotic detection is of great significance for human health and environmental protection. Currently, although the competitive immunoassays are popular for detecting antibiotic molecules, they need to label antibiotic or specific antibody with signaling molecule. The development of noncompetitive immunoassay for antibiotic detection has always faced significant challenges. Herein, we have developed a light‐assisted noncompetitive immunoassay for the detection of antibiotics based on their photosensitive characteristic. Firstly, the antibody coated on the microplate specifically captures the target antibiotic. Afterward, under light irradiation, the captured photosensitive antibiotic produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which oxidizes the added ROS dye to generate a fluorescent signal. Therefore, a noncompetitive immunoassay for antibiotic detection is achieved by utilizing the unique property of photosensitive antibiotics to generate ROS instead of labeling signaling molecules. By using antibiotics demeclocycline hydrochloride (DMCO) and polymyxin B (PMB) as research models, the proposed noncompetitive fluorescence immunoassay can specifically detect as low as 5 ng/mL DMCO and 70 ng/mL PMB, respectively. The light‐assisted noncompetitive immunoassay strategy opens a new avenue for simple, sensitive, label‐free, and high‐throughput detection of photosensitive antibiotics or photosensitive drugs.
Extending the job demands–resources model to understand the effect of the interactions between home and work domains on work engagement
Authors: Chen I‐Shuo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractScholars have extensively used the job demands–resources model to explain the dynamics underlying work engagement and proposed several versions of the model. However, in theoretical terms, nonwork elements have not been incorporated into the model. This study investigated the roles of home demands and resources in the model by testing the boost/buffer hypotheses for work engagement from the perspective of the work–home interface. We demonstrated that (1) the demands of a domain boost the positive impact of resources drawn from another domain on work engagement, (2) the resources of a domain buffer the negative impact of demands derived from another domain on work engagement; and (3) the buffering and boosting effects of home demands and resources impact work engagement. We conducted a diary study on a group of coffee shop employees in Ireland. The results partially supported the proposed hypotheses but nevertheless indicated support for the cross‐domain boost/buffer hypotheses with regard to work engagement. The proposed model may serve as a theoretical foundation for research on issues related to the impact of work and nonwork domains on work engagement.
Enantioselective Optical Trapping of Multiple Pairs of Enantiomers by Focused Hybrid Polarized Beams
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Li Manman , Yan Shaohui , Zhou Yuan , Gao Wenyu , Niu Ruixin , Xu Xiaohao , Yao Baoli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEnantiomers (opposite chiral molecules) usually exhibit different effects when interacting with chiral agents, thus the identification and separation of enantiomers are of importance in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Here an optical approach is proposed to enantioselective trapping of multiple pairs of enantiomers by a focused hybrid polarized beam. Numerical results indicate that such a focused beam shows multiple local optical chirality of opposite signs in the focal plane, and can trap the corresponding enantiomers near the extreme value of optical chirality density according to the handedness of enantiomers. The number and positions of trapped enantiomers can be changed by altering the value and sign of polarization orders of hybrid polarized beams, respectively. The key to realizing enantioselective optical trapping of enantiomers is that the chiral optical force exerted on enantiomers in this focused field is stronger than the achiral optical force. The results provide insight into the optical identification and separation of multiple pairs of enantiomers and will find applications in chiral detection and sensing.
Experimental Requirements for High‐Temperature Solid‐State Electrochemical TEM Experiments
Authors: Ma Zhongtao , Chatzichristodoulou Christodoulos , Dacayan Waynah Lou , Mølhave Kristian Speranza , Chiabrera Francesco Maria , Smitshuysen Thomas Erik Lyck , Damsgaard Christian Danvad , Simonsen Søren Bredmose 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe ability to perform both electrochemical and structural/elemental characterization in the same experiment and at the nanoscale allows to directly link electrochemical performance to the material properties and their evolution over time and operating conditions. Such experiments can be important for the further development of solid oxide cells, solid‐state batteries, thermal electrical devices, and other solid‐state electrochemical devices. The experimental requirements for conducting solid‐state electrochemical TEM experiments in general, including sample preparation, electrochemical measurements, failure factors, and possibilities for optimization, are presented and discussed. Particularly, the methodology of performing reliable electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements in reactive gases and at elevated temperatures for both single materials and solid oxide cells is described. The presented results include impedance measurements of electronic conductors, an ionic conductor, and a mixed ionic and electronic conductor, all materials typically applied in solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells. It is shown that how TEM and impedance spectroscopy can be synergically integrated to measure the transport and surface exchange properties of materials with nanoscale dimensions and to visualize their structural and elemental evolution via TEM/STEM imaging and spectroscopy.
Composite girders with short headed studs in grouted joints of precast concrete elements – Numerical investigations and design recommendations
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Hoffmann Dominik , Schorr Johannes , Kantar Marko , Völlner Josef 
Published: January 2024

AbstractShort headed studs used in grouted joints with precast concrete elements are currently not sufficiently covered by EN 1994‐1‐1. Therefore, three test series have been realised to define the load‐bearing capacity under these special conditions. These are characterised by short headed studs of height hsc=65 mm in combination with a high‐strength grout. For a more in‐depth analysis of the load‐bearing and deformation behaviour, a finite element model has been developed and validated on the conducted push‐out tests. Based on subsequent numerical studies – varying geometric and material parameters – recommendations of analytical model equations are given for headed studs of short length.
Experimental and numerical study of stirrup‐confined concrete‐filled L‐shaped steel tube stub column under axial compression
Authors: Wang En , Lyu Fei , Ding Faxing , Chen Jun , Liu Xuemei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, three concrete‐filled L‐shaped steel tube (CFLST) stub columns subjected to axial compression were tested, with one normal CFLST stub column and two stirrup‐confined specimens. The investigation focused on the effect of the equivalent stirrup ratio on ultimate bearing capacity, axial compression stiffness, ductility factor, and strain ratio of the columns. 3D finite element (FE) models of the specimens were constructed and verified against the tests results and data from literature Parametric analysis was carried out to analyze the influence of different section length–width ratios, steel ratios, material strength grades, and equivalent stirrup ratios on the ultimate bearing capacity. Additionally, the confinement effect of stirrups on the core concrete was analyzed. By generalizing the stress nephogram of the core concrete at the ultimate state and considering the equilibrium of forces, a formula was proposed for calculating the ultimate bearing capacity of the stirrup‐confined CFLST stub column under axial compression using the superposition method. The accuracy of the proposed formula was demonstrated by comparing its results with experimental results, FE model results, and those proposed by other scholars.
Biocontrol efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana conidia against agricultural insect pests
Authors: Swathy Kannan , Parmar Mehesh K. , Vivekanandhan Perumal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInsect pests are serious threats to agriculture, forestry, and human health because they damage crops and trees and spread diseases. Chemical insecticides control insect pests quickly and effectively, protecting crops. Environmental and health concerns arise from their use. Long‐term exposure can cause pesticide‐resistant insects, requiring stronger chemicals. Beneficial insects and wildlife may be harmed. Some chemical insecticides persist in the environment, causing long‐term ecological damage. The present study was to isolate, identify, and characterize entomopathogenic fungi from the soil, evaluate their pathogenicity against major insect species, and evaluate the non‐target effect on soil bioindicator species. Bioassay results show that Beauveria bassiana conidia are more pathogenic to all three species at 10 days after treatment, causing 100% mortality in Halyomorpha halys and Tenebrio molitor within 10 days. The lethal concentration showed lower LC50 values of 9.5 × 103 conidia/mL in H. halys, 2.6 × 103 conidia/mL in T. molitor, and 8.3×104 conidia/mL in P. japonica, B. bassiana treatment results showed a shortened insect life time LT50 of H. halys (6.0 days), T. molitor (5.3 days), and P. japonica (6.9 days). The present study concluded that B. bassiana fungi conidia are more efficient against three major insect pests.
“I Had a Deep‐Down Stereotype”: Pairing Critical Literacy Practices to Examine Explicit and Implicit Gender Stereotypes with Elementary Students
Authors: Whitford Alyssa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConnecting literacy to social issues such as gender stereotypes supports reading and writing achievement while also allowing students to think critically and in justice‐focused ways. Such practices allow students to critique gender stereotypes in texts while also examining and even challenging their own implicit perceptions of gender. However, teachers are often not provided support in challenging stereotypical portrayals of gender and are often provided curricula that actively reinforces gender stereotypes. In this article, I explain how to use critical literacy practices to help students examine stereotypical portrayals of gender and their own thinking about gender. I describe a framework for using these practices and provide a specific lesson and its impact on second‐ to third‐grade students.
The osmotic potential of soil solutions in salt tolerance studies: Following M. Th. van Genuchten's innovation
Authors: Pachepsky Y. , Yakirevich A. , Ponizovsky A. A. , Gummatov N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe osmotic potential in soil solutions decreases as salinity increases, and plants cannot take up enough soil water. Therefore, the osmotic potential of soil solutions can serve as an important metric of plant growth conditions in regions affected by soil salinization. Measurements of osmotic potential are labor and time consuming. This work aimed to determine more readily available soil salinity metrics to estimate the osmotic potential in soil solutions. A model to compute the osmotic potential from soil solution composition was developed and validated with data from the U.S. states of Washington, Oregon, Colorado, and Idaho. The mean relative error was 7%. Then, this model was applied to 230 datasets on soil solutions from various salinity‐affected regions of Eurasia. The correlation coefficient between logarithms of concentration of highly soluble (not including carbonates and sulfates of calcium and magnesium) in soil solutions at saturation and logarithms of osmotic potential values was above 0.99. The concentration of highly soluble salts in soil solution at saturation was chosen as the predictor of the osmotic potential. It was used to develop nomograms for evaluating the salinity‐related yield loss for major field crops, vegetables, and fruits. This work is a part of the Vadose Zone Journal tribute to the scientific legacy of Martinus van Genuchten, who championed the use of the osmotic potential for better quantification of crop salt tolerance at the macroscale and provided invaluable contributions to modeling soil salinity development and mitigation as a part of the global struggle for food security.
The Social Pain of Cancer in East Africa: Understanding Need
Authors: Nyandieka Lilian , Cross Charlotte , Njeru Mercy Karimi , Makene Fortunata Songora 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCancer is both an individual physical, social and psychological crisis for a patient with one of the many forms of this category of non-communicable disease, and also a cause of deep social pain. Cancer spreads its tentacles through families and friends, social groups and the wider economy, generating stigma, financial destruction, social and psychological damage. This chapter makes the case for a very broad social understanding of cancer need, framing cancer as a whole-society problem, with psychological, social, economic and spiritual impacts much wider than the sufferer. This framing also implies greater attention to survivability and human dignity in policies, practices and provision.
Access to Cancer Care: Navigating the Maze
Authors: Njeru Mercy Karimi , Mackintosh Maureen , Ngilangwa Richard , Mokua Sharon , Arun Richard Mutisya , Mukami Jane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter analyses narratives from over 450 patients in Kenya and Tanzania, describing their cancer “pathways”, drawing also on views from carers and health workers. We characterise patients’ experiences as, too often, finding themselves in a “maze” after they first visit a health facility. Rather than a smooth clinical pathway from symptoms to diagnosis, patients had found themselves struggling to find money to move through a confusing health system maze, largely without maps or guides to aid their search for information, diagnosis and treatment. The chapter describes patterns of experience within the maze, and implications for access to care.
Emerging Business Models in Cancer Diagnostic Startups in India and Lessons for African Countries
Authors: Kale Dinar , Srinivas Smita , Banda Geoffrey 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines three innovative medical devices and diagnostics startups in India with potential for improving cancer care in low-resource health systems. The chapter describes and discusses their business model adaptations to India’s complex cancer care markets, and shows how early stage financial support, from government schemes, financial institutions, universities and venture capital, is instrumental in supporting entrepreneurship. However, firms struggle to capture value in later stages of technology commercialisation because of a lack of last-mile investment, medical culture and barriers to accessing the public healthcare market. Implications are drawn for industrial support in African contexts.
QCD factorization from light-ray OPE
Authors: Chen Hao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The energy-energy correlator (EEC) in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) serves as an important event shape for probing the substructure of jets in high-energy collisions. A significant progress has been made in understanding the collinear limit, where the angle between two detectors approaches zero, from the factorization formula in QCD and the light-ray Operator Product Expansion (OPE) in Conformal Field Theory. Building upon prior research on the renormalization of light-ray operators, we take an innovative step to extend the light-ray OPE into non-conformal contexts, with a specific emphasis on perturbative QCD. Our proposed form of the light-ray OPE is constrained by three fundamental properties: Lorentz symmetry, renormalization group invariance, and constraints from physical observables. This extension allows us to derive a factorization formula for the collinear limit of EEC, facilitating the future exploration and understanding on subleading power corrections in collinear limit.
Free fermions, KdV charges, generalised Gibbs ensembles, modular transforms and line defects
Authors: Downing Max , Watts Gérard M. T. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper we return to the question of the modular properties of a generalised Gibbs ensemble of a single free fermion. We extend our previous proposals to a GGE containing an arbitrary number of conserved charges and provide a physical interpretation of the result in terms of a line defect. The defect description perfectly explains the product formula for the modular transformation we found previously. We also give a proposal for a Hamiltonian approach to the line defect.
Perspectives of patients and clinicians on big data and AI in health: a comparative empirical investigation
Authors: Hummel Patrik , Braun Matthias , Bischoff Serena , Samhammer David , Seitz Katharina , Fasching Peter A. , Dabrock Peter 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Big data and AI applications now play a major role in many health contexts. Much research has already been conducted on ethical and social challenges associated with these technologies. Likewise, there are already some studies that investigate empirically which values and attitudes play a role in connection with their design and implementation. What is still in its infancy, however, is the comparative investigation of the perspectives of different stakeholders.

Methods
To explore this issue in a multi-faceted manner, we conducted semi-structured interviews as well as focus group discussions with patients and clinicians. These empirical methods were used to gather interviewee’s views on the opportunities and challenges of medical AI and other data-intensive applications.

Results
Different clinician and patient groups are exposed to medical AI to differing degrees. Interviewees expect and demand that the purposes of data processing accord with patient preferences, and that data are put to effective use to generate social value. One central result is the shared tendency of clinicians and patients to maintain individualistic ascriptions of responsibility for clinical outcomes.

Conclusions
Medical AI and the proliferation of data with import for health-related inferences shape and partially reconfigure stakeholder expectations of how these technologies relate to the decision-making of human agents. Intuitions about individual responsibility for clinical outcomes could eventually be disrupted by the increasing sophistication of data-intensive and AI-driven clinical tools. Besides individual responsibility, systemic governance will be key to promote alignment with stakeholder expectations in AI-driven and data-intensive health settings.
Adhesion-related properties of silver birch (Betula Pendula Roth) wood as affected by hydrophilic extraction
Authors: Engelhardt Max , Gilg Hans Albert , Richter Klaus , Sanchez-Ferrer Antoni 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor the utilization of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) in load-bearing engineered wood products (EWPs), reliable bonding in production is a prerequisite. The current knowledge regarding the bonding of birch in EWP applications is limited. Extractives are considered a general factor of attention when securing bonding quality. Thus, in this study, the effects of hydrophilic extractives on several adhesion-related bulk and surface properties of silver birch wood were studied, e.g., vapor sorption, swelling behavior, microstructure, wettability, and mechanical properties. The extraction procedure slightly affected vapor sorption causing a reduction in swelling pressure. The extraction also led to a lower Young's modulus, as seen by compression tests. Control experiments with vapor-treated specimens, however, indicated that the effects were originating from the water imbibition and not due to the removal of extractives per se. This was supported by X-ray diffraction results, which were similarly affected by both vapor and extraction treatment. Therefore, the results indicate that the hygric history of the specimens was affecting the wood due to plasticization, increasing mobility, and thereby likely allowing biopolymer reconfiguration and subsequent quenching during re-drying, even though surface-free energy and wettability were not considerably affected. The extent to which these changes appear permanently or temporarily remains an open research question.
Assessing the perceptual equivalence of a firefighting training exercise across virtual and real environments
Authors: Narciso David , Melo Miguel , Rodrigues Susana , Dias Duarte , Cunha João , Vasconcelos-Raposo José , Bessa Maximino 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe advantages of Virtual Reality (VR) over traditional training, together with the development of VR technology, have contributed to an increase in the body of literature on training professionals with VR. However, there is a gap in the literature concerning the comparison of training in a Virtual Environment (VE) with the same training in a Real Environment (RE), which would contribute to a better understanding of the capabilities of VR in training. This paper presents a study with firefighters (N = 12) where the effect of a firefighter training exercise in a VE was evaluated and compared to that of the same exercise in a RE. The effect of environments was evaluated using psychophysiological measures by evaluating the perception of stress and fatigue, transfer of knowledge, sense of presence, cybersickness, and the actual stress measured through participants’ Heart Rate Variability (HRV). The results showed a similar perception of stress and fatigue between the two environments; a positive, although not significant, effect of the VE on the transfer of knowledge; the display of moderately high presence values in the VE; the ability of the VE not to cause symptoms of cybersickness; and finally, obtaining signs of stress in participants’ HRV in the RE and, to a lesser extent, signs of stress in the VE. Although the effect of the VE was shown to be non-comparable to that of the RE, the authors consider the results encouraging and discuss some key factors that should be addressed in the future to improve the results of the training VE.