bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on low frequency noise reduction device for substation equipment
Authors: Xiao Wangqiang , Liu Qibin , Luo Bing , Xu Yongsheng , Dai Yu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the pain point that it is difficult to control the low-frequency noise of the substation equipment, a new noise reduction method is proposed. It can reduce the noise propagation of the equipment without changing the structure of the equipment. The discrete element model of particle dampers for substation equipment is established. The energy consumption value of the particle system is used as an evaluation index. It optimizes parameters such as filling rate and particle size and determines the parameters of the scheme with the best damping effect. Through the combination of simulation and test, the test prototype was built to verify the effect. The test data showed that the total noise extremes of the first and second-floor measurement points were reduced by 14.55 dB and 6.99 dB, respectively, after installing the particle damper. This solution adds a new means of low-frequency noise control for substation equipment.
An example analysis of energy-saving improvement based on air compressor inlet pre-treatment
Authors: Cheng Fanglin , Shi Guanqu , Lu Hanyang , Gao Rongfu , Yu Shu , Song Chengqi , Zhu Jianning , Xiao Guihui , Wu Kaiqiang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Briefly introduced the basic principles and characteristics of air compressor operation, and some commonly used air compressor energy-saving operation measures in industrial enterprises; The current situation of air compressor system of Ningbo cigarette factory was analysed, and the impact of different outdoor temperature and humidity conditions on air compressor energy consumption was analysed in winter and summer. Based on the existing conditions of the factory, the fresh air intake room of the air compressor is optimized and upgraded. A double-inlet air duct system is adopted. The indoor and outdoor air enthalpy value can be automatically calculated through the temperature and humidity sensor and central control system. The air compressor intake air is pre-treated according to the results, making full use of the outdoor low enthalpy air and the existing artificial cooling source in the factory area to improve the operating efficiency of the air compressor.
Research and Analysis of Leakage Detection of Chemical Equipment Based on Infrared Technology
Authors: Zhang Pugen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper introduces the application of infrared thermal imaging detection technology in LDAR detection, then the various components of the chemical equipment are detected by infrared photography, and the leakage situation is analyzed. The following conclusions are drawn: The bolt preload of the flange connection is not balanced, which is easy to cause partial leakage. A large number of test data show that the larger the flange size, the greater the leakage. Because of the lack of effective non-destructive testing methods for nozzle fillet welds, infrared testing technology can be adopted for important equipment in use, which can find penetrating buried defects and reduce the risk of equipment use.
High-quality 3D Object Detection Based on Instance-aware Sampling
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Xu Bingrong , Lu Liping 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Most existing 3D object detection that is researched on point clouds uses random down-sampling algorithms, which preserve the primary shape and feature information of the point clouds and extract robust features of sampling point clouds to decrease the consumption of computing resources and improve processing inference efficiency. On the other hand, this method of sampling may disregard significant areas within the point clouds, thereby diminishing the precision of detecting comparatively minute entities such as pedestrians and cyclists. In this research, an instance perception-based object detection method is presented that adaptively chooses additional foreground points in response to the properties of smaller objects in the initial point clouds. In addition, it offers end-to-end training and addresses the issue that the typical hand-designed multi-scale grouping receptive fields do not accurately reflect the size of the item. To effectively enhance the recall rate of foreground points, we present an instance-aware algorithm, which relies on farthest point sampling. Specifically, we employ dynamic gating networks to attain instance perception. This approach enables sample candidates to encompass a larger number of foreground objects. Then we use an aggregation layer to efficiently capture robust contextual features with rich spatial information. Through experiments performed on the KITTI dataset, we substantiate the effectiveness of our IAS when compared with current advanced 3D object detection methods. We have achieved a notable enhancement, especially in identifying diminutive objects.
Research on Pneumatic Test System for the Dynamic Characteristic of Hydraulic Solenoid Valve in Brake-by-Wire System
Authors: Ren Xingpeng , Lu Yi , Wang Fengming 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To solve these problems caused by the use of brake fluid as a test medium in hydraulic test systems for brake-by-wire solenoid valves, such as the difficulty of cleaning the test pieces and the high corrosiveness of brake fluid, the use of clean compressed gas as a test medium was proposed. Firstly, based on the operating principle and structural parameters of a certain integrated brake-by-wire solenoid valve, a simulation model was constructed by using MATLAB/Simulink software to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the brake-by-wire solenoid valve. The eddy current was proposed as the criterion for determining the response time. Then, hydraulic and pneumatic test systems were designed. These systems allowed the dynamic characteristic of the brake-by-wire solenoid valve to be tested under hydraulic and pneumatic conditions. Finally, by adjusting the resistance parameters of the solenoid valve and using polynomial fitting, it was found that when the upper limit of qualification in the hydraulic test system was 3.50 ms, the upper limit of qualification in the pneumatic test system was 3.33 ms.
Control of Quadcopter Based on Adaptive Fast Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode
Authors: Wan Jinzhen , Xia Qingyuan , Shen Suiyuan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach to address the trajectory tracking control problem for quadcopter systems subjected to multiple disturbances. The proposed method integrates sliding mode control with adaptive control techniques, resulting in an effective adaptive fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode (AFNTSM) controller. The controller structure can be divided into an internal attitude control loop and an external position control loop. In the altitude control loop, a strategy employing AFNTSM is utilized to tackle time-varying external disturbances. In the attitude control loop, given the existence of uncertain system parameters, an attitude controller is designed by combining a PID controller with an extended state observer. The asymptotic stability of the system is verified by using Lyapunov’s theorem. Finally, experimental flights validate the superiority of this control strategy over the traditional PID algorithm.
Real-time monitoring float system applied to offshore engineering
Authors: Wu Sheng , Li Lulu , Han Yunxin , Zhu Haotian , Zhang Cheng , Hu Zechen , Huang Yifeng , Jiang Nian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper describes a long-range, real-time monitoring and positioning float system based on STM32, which is used to monitor the position information of the equipment in marine engineering. The system adopts a solar power supply to replenish power for the system. It combines the charging control circuit and battery protection module to build a power management module to dynamically adjust the power supply strategy and the system load to realize the long-term operation of the system. Through the LoRa module, the information collected by the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and GPS positioning module is transmitted to the remote console to realize real-time data collection, sending, and ringing. Finally, the system was tested. The experimental results show that the real-time monitoring float system solves the problem of difficult positioning of equipment and other equipment in marine engineering after falling into the sea. It reduces the difficulty of searching for marine equipment and provides more effective information for marine search and rescue.
Laves phase formation in Fe-based alloys from strengthening particle to self-healing agent: a review
Authors: Wackerling D , Rojas D , Oñate A , Castro-Cerda F M , Araya N , Sanhueza J P 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, were extensively reviewed the hardening and self-healing properties of Laves-phase in Fe-based alloys. First, the microstructural features of different polytypes of the Laves-phase, focusing on the thermodynamics and kinetics of formation in ferritic and martensitic steels were revised. C14 was identified as the dominant polytype in steels, providing strengthening by precipitation, anchoring of dislocation, and interphase boundaries, thereby increasing the creep resistance. Although the Laves phase is widely known as a reinforcement particle (or even a detrimental phase in some systems) in martensitic/ferritic and ferritic steels, recent findings have uncovered a promising property. Particles with self-healing characteristics provide creep resistance by delaying creep cavities formation. In this regard, different elements such as tungsten and molybdenum are known to provide this feature to binary and tertiary ferrous alloys due to their ability to diffuse into the creep cavities and form Laves-phase Fe(Mo,W)2. To date, self-healing by precipitation has only been reported in commercial stainless steel AISI 312, 347, and 304 modified with boron, nevertheless with a little contribution to creep rupture life. Although, commercial computational tools with thermodynamic and kinetic databases are available for researchers, to tackle the self-healing process with exactitude, genetic algorithms arise as a new tool for computational design. The two properties of Laves phase reported in the literature, precipitation hardening and self-healing agent, is a mix that can bring out a new research field. Therefore, it is not unreasonable to think of tailor-made high chromium creep-resistant steels reinforced by Laves-phase coupled with self-healing properties. However, owing to the characteristic of Laves-phase seems to be a complex challenge, mainly due to the crystallographic features of this phase in comparison with the host matrix, available computational tools, and databases.
Simultaneous adsorption of malachite green, methyl orange, and rhodamine B with TiO2/macadamia nutshells-derived activated carbon composite
Authors: Thuy Le Thi Thanh , Thi Thuy Pham , Thi Giang Anh Pham , Tien Nguyen Anh , Thi Hong Bich Nguyen , Khieu Dinh Quang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, TiO2/activated carbon (TiO2/MAC) composite was synthesized from activated carbon prepared from macadamia nutshells and a water-soluble titanium complex, and it was used to simultaneously adsorb malachite green (MG), methyl orange (MO), and rhodamine B (RhB) from aqueous solutions. The kinetic studies show that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model describes the adsorption experimental data the best. The equilibrium data of the trinary system were analyzed via the ideal adsorption solution theory (IAST) and the Langmuir and P-factor-Langmuir extended models that combine the three single-component isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips). The AICs (Akaike Information Criterion) values indicate that IAST incorporating the Langmuir model is the most suitable to describe the removal of the dyes in the trinary solution. The TiO2/MAC composite exhibits a high dye adsorption capacity compared with those of the published adsorbents. The thermodynamic analysis reveals that the adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic. The high adsorption capacity and the recyclability through photocatalytic self-cleaning show that TiO2/MAC can be utilized as a sustainable alternative for the simultaneous elimination of textile dyes from effluents.
How to avoid solidification cracking in arc welding of aluminum alloys: a review on weld metal grain refinement approaches
Authors: Yolcu Coşkun , Kahraman Fatih 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Joining aluminum alloys with arc welding methods is frequently subject to literature and industrial applications. Although aluminum alloys have different difficulties in the arc welded process, the formation and elimination of solidification cracking defects is a more complex phenomenon. Since avoidance of this defect requires specific approaches and methods, special attempts and improvements have been studied frequently on this subject in recent years. Studies in the literature have clearly shown that this defect, which is often encountered in aluminum alloys, takes place along the grain boundaries. Therefore, the major approach to eliminate this defect is activating nucleation and decreasing the grain size. In this context, modification approaches in the literature, which are frequently used for arc welding of aluminum alloys, have been developed to use three different mechanisms including heterogeneous nucleation, dendrite fragmentation, and grain detachment. While it is aimed to increase heterogeneous nucleation by reinforcing filler metals with compounds in the inoculation approach; dendrite fragmentation and grain detachment are also aimed in the approaches where external effects and forces are used. Within the frame of references, it is also possible to review the external factors aiming to improve weld pool convection and thermal conditions under two headings, which are weld pool stirring and pulsed arc current approaches. The weld pool stirring approach also includes ultrasonic treatment and magnetic arc oscillation methods. In this study, solidification cracking defect that frequently occurs in the arc welding of aluminum alloys is explained fundamentally and the attempts to eliminate this defect are presented as a review paper in a comprehensive manner.
Optimal conversion coefficient from easily measurable dose to effective dose with consideration to radiation quality for posterior–anterior chest radiography
Authors: Ono Koji , Asada Yasuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Effective dose is sometimes used to compare medical radiation exposure to patients and natural radiation for providing explanations about radiation exposure to patients, but its calculation is lengthy and requires dedicated measuring devices. The purpose of this study was to identify the most suitable conversion coefficient for conversion of easily measurable dose to effective dose in posterior–anterior chest radiography, and to evaluate its accuracy by direct measurement. We constructed an examination environment using Monte Carlo simulation, and evaluated the variation in conversion coefficients from incident air kerma (IAK), entrance-surface air kerma (ESAK), and air kerma-area product (KAP) to effective dose when the irradiation field size and radiation quality were changed. Effective doses were also measured directly using thermoluminescence dosimeters and compared with the effective dose obtained from conversion coefficients. The KAP conversion coefficient most effectively suppressed the effect of irradiation field size, and was then used to set conversion coefficients for various half-value layers. The optimal conversion coefficient was 0.00023 [mSv/(mGy·cm2)] at 120 kVp (half-value layer = 5.5 mmAl). Evaluation of the direct measurements obtained with various radiation qualities revealed that the accuracy of the conversion coefficient was maintained at ≤ 11%. The proposed conversion coefficient can be easily calculated even in facilities that do not have equipment for measuring effective dose, and might enable the use of effective dose for providing explanations about radiation exposure to patients.
Effects of ontogeny and oiling on the thermal function of southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) fur
Authors: Riordan Kate , Thometz Nicole M , Batac Francesca I , Nicholson Teri E , Liwanag Heather E M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
During the evolution of most marine mammals, fur as an insulator has been replaced with more buoyant, energy storing and streamlining blubber. By contrast, the sea otter (Enhydra lutris) relies on insulation from its dense, air-trapping pelage, which differs morphologically between natal and adult stages. In this study, we investigated the ontogenetic changes in thermal function of southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) pelts in air, in water, and when saturated with crude oil. Pelt thermal conductivity, thickness, and thermal resistance were measured for six age classes: neonate (&lt;1 month), small pup (1–2 months), large pup (3–5 months), juvenile (6 months–1 year), subadult (1–3 years), and adult (4–9 years). Thermal conductivity was significantly higher for pelts in air than in water, with oiled pelts exhibiting the highest values (P &lt; 0.001). Oiled pelts had the lowest thermal resistance, which suggests that regardless of age, all sea otters are vulnerable to the effects of oiling (P &lt; 0.001). To scale up our laboratory findings, we used a volume-specific geometric model of conductive heat transfer for a simplified sea otter body, representing all tested age classes and treatments. Neonates, small pups, and large pups are more vulnerable to the effects of oiling compared with older age classes (P &lt; 0.0001) due to a higher surface area-to-volume ratio. These results are consistent with the known thermal conductance values for adult sea otter pelts, yet this is the first time such thermal differences have been demonstrated in young otters. Overall, body size and age play a more important role in the thermal abilities of sea otters than previously thought.
Extensive thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm as initial presentation in Takayasu arteritis: case series and literature review
Authors: Jena Anupam , Mishra Subasis , Padhee Binayananda , Jena Surya Kant , Ghosh Nelson , Padhan Prasanta , Rout Nikunja Kishore , Sahoo Panchanan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Aortic aneurysm as a presenting feature in Takayasu’s arteritis is very rare. Here, we report three cases of extensive thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm in Takayasu’s arteritis as initial presentation.

Case summary
All three cases were males and presented with complaints of abdominal pain and refractory hypertension. The diagnosis was made from the finding of thickened and calcified aortic wall, stenosis of visceral arteries, and age &lt; 40 years at diagnosis. Case 1 was a 34 years male with aortic aneurysm extending from left subclavian artery to infrarenal aorta. He underwent endovascular repair of aneurysm by sandwich chimney technique in view of impending aneurysm rupture. Case 2, a 37 years male had aortic aneurysm from descending thoracic aorta (D4 vertebral body) to infrarenal aorta (L4 level). While being evaluated for repair, he had sudden death probably due to ruptured aneurysm. Case three, a 40 years male had aortic aneurysm extending from left subclavian artery to aortic bifurcation and stenosis of visceral arteries. He did not consent for repair and died one year later due to chronic kidney disease and related complications.

Discussion
Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm is a very rare manifestation in Takayasu’s arteritis; more common in males. Endovascular repair is challenging but feasible. Long-term monitoring and repeat intervention may be needed due to young age of patients and disease progression.
Imitation as Flattery: The UK’s Trade Continuity Agreements and the EU’s Normative Foreign Policy
Authors: Larik Joris 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article analyses the United Kingdom’s (UK) ‘trade continuity programme’. The promise that, once outside the European Union (EU), the UK would strike new, lucrative trade deals continues to be an important part of the Brexiteers’ narrative. What the UK was compelled to do first, however, was to conclude ‘roll-over’ agreements to replace the trade agreements already made by the EU. This article posits that, contrary to expectations, the UK’s continuity programme should be regarded as a success – for both the UK and the EU. In most cases, the UK managed to replicate to a very large extent the terms originally granted to the EU, despite being a smaller market and despite challenging circumstances. From the EU’s perspective, the UK’s continuity programme can be regarded as a case of successful norm internalization and export. This first chapter of post-Brexit UK trade policy shows that even a country that has left the EU still legally commits itself and its partners to the EU’s norms and values. Hence, the EU should welcome the UK’s imitation as a shared normative basis to expand cooperation with its former member state in a challenging geopolitical environment.
Graded Sum Formula for ~ A1-Soergel Calculus and the Nil-Blob Algebra
Authors: Hernández Caro Marcelo , Ryom-Hansen Steen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We study the representation theory of the Soergel calculus algebra $ {{ \tilde {A}_w^{{\mathbb {C}}}}}:= \mbox {End}_{ {{\mathcal {D}}}_{(W,S)}} (\underline {w}) $ over $ {\mathbb {C}}$ in type $ \tilde {A}_1$. We generalize the recent isomorphism between the nil-blob algebra $ {{\mathbb {N}\mathbb {B}}_n}$ and a diagrammatically defined subalgebra $ {A}_w^{{\mathbb {C}}}$ of ${{ \tilde {A}_w^{{\mathbb {C}}}}}$ to deal with the two-parameter blob algebra. Under this generalization, the two parameters correspond to the two simple roots for $ \tilde {A}_1$. Using this, together with calculations involving the Jones-Wenzl idempotents for the Temperley-Lieb subalgebra of $ {{\mathbb {N}\mathbb {B}}_n}$, we obtain a concrete diagonalization of the matrix of the bilinear form on the cell module $ \Delta _w(v) $ for $ {{ \tilde {A}_w^{{\mathbb {C}}}}} $. The entries of the diagonalized matrices turn out to be products of roots for $ \tilde {A}_1$. We use this to study Jantzen-type filtrations of $ \Delta _w(v) $ for $ {{ \tilde {A}_w^{{\mathbb {C}}}}}$. We show that, at an enriched Grothendieck group level, the corresponding sum formula has terms $ \Delta _w(s_{\alpha }v)[ l(s_{\alpha }v)- l(v)] $, where $ [ \cdot ] $ denotes grading shift.