bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain MRI features of postdural puncture headache
Authors: Sánchez García Fernando J , Jornet Fayos Jose , Pastor del Campo Aida , LLopis Calatayud Jose Emilio 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundPostdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a relatively common acute complication that occurs following regional anesthesia and is among the clinical features of secondary intracranial hypotension syndrome (IHS).The aim of this study was to document the radiological findings specific to PDPH with brain MRI and to determine whether these findings differed from those described in the third edition of the International Headache Society’s International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3).MethodsThirty patients who were diagnosed with PDPH based on the ICHD-3 clinical criteria were enrolled in the study and signed the informed consent form approved by our hospital ethics committee. Their symptoms were recorded and they underwent brain MRI before and after the administration of a gadolinium-based contrast agent within 48–72 hours after the onset of their orthostatic headache.ResultsAll patients with PDPH presented with MRI features of pachymeningeal enhancement. The thickness of the pachymeningeal enhancement varied from 0.6 mm to 4.1 mm, with a mean of 1.6 mm+0.8.No cases of brain sagging were observed. 4 of the 30 patients presented with intracranial subdural fluid collections, 7 presented with pneumocephalus and 7 pituitary gland enlargement.ConclusionsThe radiological characteristics of IHS and PDPH are most likely the result of compensatory mechanisms in response to decreased cerebrospinal fluid pressure. The acute nature of PDPH probably causes its radiological MRI characteristics to differ from those of IHS, given that no brain sagging could be demonstrated.
Association of sex and aspirin use with postoperative bleeding in patients with lower extremity long bone fractures
Authors: Fisher Michael , Salottolo Kristin , Carrick Matthew , Corrigan Chad M , Banton Kaysie L , Madayag Robert , Bar-Or David 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThe perioperative management of patients on antiplatelet drugs is a rising challenge in orthopedic trauma because antiplatelet drugs are frequently encountered and carry an increased risk of hemorrhagic consequences. The study objective was to examine the effect of aspirin on bleeding outcomes for patients with lower extremity fractures.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients requiring surgical fixation of traumatic hip, femur, and tibia fractures from January 1, 2018, to March 1, 2020. Patients were excluded if they had a significant head injury, were on chronic anticoagulant therapy, or they did not receive venous thromboembolism chemoprophylaxis. Comparisons between aspirin users (patients on aspirin therapy preinjury) and non-aspirin users were examined using χ2tests, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests, and multivariate logistic regression. The primary outcome was an overt, actionable bleed (eg, blood transfusion for surgical site hemorrhage) within 24 hours postoperative.ResultsThere were 864 patients with lower extremity long bone fractures and 24% were aspirin users. The incidence of postoperative bleeding was 8.8% and significantly differed for patients taking aspirin versus not (13.6% vs 7.3%, p=0.01). However, biological sex at birth (M/F) was a significant effect modifier (interaction p=0.04). Among women, there were significantly more postoperative bleeds for aspirin users (17.8% aspirin vs 7.4% no aspirin, adjusted OR (AOR): 2.48 (1.28–4.81), p=0.01). Among men, there were similar postoperative bleeding events by aspirin use (5.6% aspirin vs 7.2% no aspirin, AOR: 0.50 (0.14–1.82), p=0.30). Postoperative hemoglobin values <8 g/dL were more frequent among female aspirin users (21.5% aspirin vs 12.5% no aspirin, p=0.01), but this association was not observed in men (p=0.43).ConclusionWomen taking aspirin who suffer lower extremity fractures have greater than twofold greater odds of a postoperative bleeding event. These findings suggest adequate perioperative planning to ensure blood availability, and increased awareness to monitor closely for hemorrhage in the 24-hour postoperative window for women taking aspirin preinjury.Level of evidenceIV
Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty and grafted tubularized incised plate urethroplasty: systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Borkar Nitinkumar , Tiwari Charu , Nair Abhijit , Mohanty Debajyoti , Sinha C K , Mahajan Jai Kumar 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundHypospadias is one of the most common genital birth defects. There are around 300 various techniques available for the repair of hypospadias. This study aims to compare the reported outcomes of Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIP) and Grafted TIP (GTIP) repair in children undergoing primary hypospadias repair.MethodsThis meta-analysisadhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and we framed our research question using the population, intervention, control and outcomes format. We conducted comprehensive electronic searches across various databases, employing a Boolean search strategy with predefined search terms. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included for quantitative analysis.ResultsTotally, 10 RCTs met our inclusion criteria for quantitative analysis. The results indicated that urethrocutaneous fistula, glans dehiscence, and stricture rates were comparable between the two groups. The incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be significantly lower in the GTIP group with a relative risk (RR) of 0.32 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15 to 0.67).ConclusionThe coucomes UCF, glans dehiscence, and stricture rates were comparable between the two groups. Notably, the incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be significantly lower in the grafted TIP group. In terms of operative time, our quantitative synthesis demonstrated that the TIP group had a shorter operative time than the GTIP group with significant heterogeneity.
Pondering the Ugly Underbelly, and Whether Images Are Real
Authors: Hill Robin K. , Baquero Carlos 
Published: February 2024

The
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Robin K. Hill teaches how proofs lead to the truth, while Carlos Baquero searches for truth in imagery.
Drug-resilient Cancer Cell Phenotype Is Acquired via Polyploidization Associated with Early Stress Response Coupled to HIF2α Transcriptional Regulation
Authors: Carroll Christopher , Manaprasertsak Auraya , Boffelli Castro Arthur , van den Bos Hilda , Spierings Diana C.J. , Wardenaar René , Bukkuri Anuraag , Engström Niklas , Baratchart Etienne , Yang Minjun , Biloglav Andrea , Cornwallis Charlie K. , Johansson Bertil , Hagerling Catharina , Arsenian-Henriksson Marie , Paulsson Kajsa , Amend Sarah R. , Mohlin Sofie , Foijer Floris , McIntyre Alan , Pienta Kenneth J. , Hammarlund Emma U. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Therapeutic resistance and recurrence remain core challenges in cancer therapy. How therapy resistance arises is currently not fully understood with tumors surviving via multiple alternative routes. Here, we demonstrate that a subset of cancer cells survives therapeutic stress by entering a transient state characterized by whole-genome doubling. At the onset of the polyploidization program, we identified an upregulation of key transcriptional regulators, including the early stress-response protein AP-1 and normoxic stabilization of HIF2α. We found altered chromatin accessibility, ablated expression of retinoblastoma protein (RB1), and enrichment of AP-1 motif accessibility. We demonstrate that AP-1 and HIF2α regulate a therapy resilient and survivor phenotype in cancer cells. Consistent with this, genetic or pharmacologic targeting of AP-1 and HIF2α reduced the number of surviving cells following chemotherapy treatment. The role of AP-1 and HIF2α in stress response by polyploidy suggests a novel avenue for tackling chemotherapy-induced resistance in cancer.

Significance:
In response to cisplatin treatment, some surviving cancer cells undergo whole-genome duplications without mitosis, which represents a mechanism of drug resistance. This study presents mechanistic data to implicate AP-1 and HIF2α signaling in the formation of this surviving cell phenotype. The results open a new avenue for targeting drug-resistant cells.
Alpha peak frequency affects visual performance beyond temporal resolution
Authors: Menétrey Maëlan Q. , Roinishvili Maya , Chkonia Eka , Herzog Michael H. , Pascucci David 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Recent work suggests that the individual alpha peak frequency (IAPF) reflects the temporal resolution of visual processing: individuals with higher IAPF can segregate stimuli at shorter intervals compared to those with lower IAPF. However, this evidence mainly comes from studies focusing on short intervals, with stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA) rarely extending beyond a single alpha cycle (e.g., ~100 ms). Here, we investigated the relationship between IAPF and performance in visual backward masking (VBM), which allowed us to test the effects of IAPF for longer SOAs than an alpha cycle. A group of healthy controls (N = 79) and schizophrenia patients (N = 121), who generally exhibit lower IAPF, were tested in conditions with a Vernier shown alone, a Vernier followed by a mask at two SOAs (30 and 150 ms), or only a mask. Our results show that IAPF can predict VBM performance in all conditions with a Vernier. Furthermore, in both the control and schizophrenia groups, individuals with higher IAPF showed reduced masking effects, even when the SOA of 150 ms exceeded the alpha cycle. These findings challenge the notion that IAPF is exclusively related to temporal resolution and visual processing within a single alpha cycle. We discuss alternative mechanisms by which IAPF determines visual performance.
An Integrated Control Framework for Torque Vectoring and Active Suspension System
Authors: Feng Jiwei , Liang Jinhao , Lu Yanbo , Zhuang Weichao , Pi Dawei , Yin Guodong , Xu Liwei , Peng Pai , Zhou Chaobin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFour-wheel independently driven electric vehicles (FWID-EV) endow a flexible and scalable control framework to improve vehicle performance. This paper integrates the torque vectoring and active suspension system (ASS) to enhance the vehicle’s longitudinal and vertical motion control performance. While the nonlinear characteristic of the tire model leads to a relatively heavier computational burden. To facilitate the controller design and ease the load, a half-vehicle dynamics system is built and simplified to the linear-time-varying (LTV) model. Then a model predictive controller is developed by formulating the objective function by comprehensively considering the safety, energy-saving and comfort requirements. The in-wheel motor efficiency and the power loss of tire slip are treated as optimization indices in this work to reduce energy consumption. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified through the rapid-control-prototype (RCP) test. The results demonstrate the enhancement of the energy-saving as well as comfort on the basis of vehicle stability.
Selective cytotoxic effects of nitrogen-doped graphene coated mixed iron oxide nanoparticles on HepG2 as a new potential therapeutic approach
Authors: Demir Zeynep , Sungur Berkay , Bayram Edip , Özkan Aysun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNew selective therapeutics are needed for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the 7th most common cancer. In this study, we compared the cytotoxic effect induced by the release of pH-dependent iron nanoparticles from nitrogen-doped graphene-coated mixed iron oxide nanoparticles (FexOy/N-GN) with the cytotoxic effect of nitrogen-doped graphene (N-GN) and commercial graphene nanoflakes (GN) in Hepatoma G2 (HepG2) cells and healthy cells. The cytotoxic effect of nanocomposites (2.5–100 ug/ml) on HepG2 and healthy fibroblast (BJ) cells (12–48 h) was measured by Cell Viability assay, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated. After the shortest (12 h) and longest incubation (48 h) incubation periods in HepG2 cells, IC50 values of FexOy/N-GN were calculated as 21.95 to 2.11 µg.mL−1, IC50 values of N-GN were calculated as 39.64 to 26.47 µg.mL−1 and IC50 values of GN were calculated as 49.94 to 29.94, respectively. After 48 h, FexOy/N-GN showed a selectivity index (SI) of 10.80 for HepG2/BJ cells, exceeding the SI of N-GN (1.27) by about 8.5-fold. The high cytotoxicity of FexOy/N-GN was caused by the fact that liver cancer cells have many transferrin receptors and time-dependent pH changes in their microenvironment increase iron release. This indicates the potential of FexOy/N-GN as a new selective therapeutic.
Graphical abstract
Signs and symptoms of covid − 19 in patients with a history of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery
Authors: Emamzadehashemi Yasaman Rezvani , Emamzadehashemi Khashayar Rezvani , Khanghah Atefeh Ghanbari , Paryad Ezzat , Sayad Noveiri Marzieh Jahani 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
People who have coronary artery disease are more likely to develop signs and symptoms of COVID-19 due to their special circumstances. Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG)does not cure the disease but reduces the signs and symptoms, therefore, there is a possibility of severe complications of Covid-19 after it.

Materials and methods
This study is a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted from June to July 2020 on 200 patients who underwent CABG from February 2018 to February 2020. The instrument consisted of socio-demographic variables and COVID’s signs and symptoms checklist. Data were collected by census method by telephone. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, Mann Whitney U test, and logistic regression model.

Results
The results showed that the majority of the samples were male (67%). The mean age of them was 62.02 ± 9.06 years and 10% of the m had signs and symptoms of Covid 19. Having the symptoms of COVID-19 is significant in terms of the variables of decreased sense of smell (p < 0.002), decreased sense of taste (p < 0.002), and home quarantine (p < 0.01). The logistic regression model showed decreased sense of taste (OR = 6.071, CI95%: 1.621–29.984, p < 0.009) and non-compliance with home quarantine (OR = 0.061, CI95%: 0.005–0.741, p < 0.028) were the related variables to signs and symptoms of Covid 19.

Conclusion
The results did not indicate the frequency of COVID signs and symptoms among people with a history of Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery more than healthy people in the Iranian community. Extensive studies are suggested in this regard.
Effect of PERLA®, a new cold-storage solution, on oxidative stress injury and early graft function in rat kidney transplantation model
Authors: Bejaoui Mohamed , Slim Chérifa , Peralta Carmen , Ben Abdennebi Hassen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe composition of organ preservation solutions is crucial for maintaining graft integrity and early graft function after transplantation. The aim of this study is to compare new organ preservation solution PERLA® with the gold standard preservation solution University of Wisconsin (UW) regarding oxidative stress and early graft injury.MethodsIn order to assess oxidative stress after cold storage, kidney grafts have been preserved for 18 h at 4° C in either UW solution or PERLA® solution and then assessed for oxidative stress injury (protocol 1). To assess kidney injuries and oxidative stress after reperfusion, rat kidneys were harvested, stored in cold UW or in PERLA® solutions for 18 h at 4 °C and then transplanted heterotopically for 6 h (protocol 2). PERLA® is a high Na+/low K+ solution including PEG-35 (1 g/L), trimetazidine (1 µM), carvedilol (10 µM) and tacrolimus (5 µM).ResultsOur results showed that preservation of kidneys in PERLA® solution significantly attenuates oxidative stress parameters after cold storage and reperfusion. We found a significant decrease in oxidative damage indicators (MDA, CD and CP) and a significant increase in antioxidant indicators (GPx, GSH, CAT, SOD and PSH). Moreover, PERLA® solution decreased kidney injury after reperfusion (creatinine, LDH and uric acid).ConclusionPERLA® solution was more effective than UW storage solution in preserving rat’s kidney grafts.
Mechanism of intestinal microbiota disturbance promoting the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma——based on microbiomics and metabolomics
Authors: Huang Xingqiang , Chen Xueyi , Wan Guowei , Yang Dandan , Zhu Dongqiang , Jia Linqian , Zheng Jinping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a high-risk malignant tumor that has been reported in China. Some studies indicate that gut microbiota disorders can affect the occurrence and development of ESCC, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the possible underlying mechanisms using microbiomics and metabolomics. Fifty ESCC patients and fifty healthy controls were selected as the study subjects according to sex and age, and fecal samples were collected. 16S rDNA sequencing and LC‒MS were used for microbiomics and nontargeted metabolomics analyses. We found significant differences in the composition of the gut microbiota and metabolites between the ESCC patients and control individuals (P < 0.05). ESCC patients exhibited increased abundances of Fusobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus, increased levels of GibberellinA34 and decreased levels of 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid; these metabolites could be diagnostic and predictive markers of ESCC. An increase in the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus significantly reduced the content of L-aspartate and pantothenic acid, which may be involved in the occurrence and development of ESCC by downregulating the expression of proteins in the pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis pathways. An imbalance in the intestinal flora may decrease the number of eosinophils in peripheral blood, resulting in the activation of an inflammatory response and immune dysfunction, leading to ESCC deterioration. We hypothesize that this imbalance in the gut microbiota can cause an imbalance in intestinal metabolites, which can activate carcinogenic metabolic pathways, affect inflammation and immune function, and play a role in the occurrence and development of ESCC.
Associations between patterns of blood heavy metal exposure and health outcomes: insights from NHANES 2011–2016
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Han Xinhao , Guo Shufang , Ma Yujie , Zhang Yafeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Extensive research has explored the association between heavy metal exposure and various health outcomes, including malignant neoplasms, hypertension, diabetes, and heart diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between patterns of exposure to a mixture of seven heavy metals and these health outcomes.

Methods
Blood samples from 7,236 adults in the NHANES 2011–2016 studies were analyzed for levels of cadmium, manganese, lead, mercury, selenium, copper, and zinc. Cluster analysis and logistic regression identified three distinct patterns of mixed heavy metal exposure, and their associations with health outcomes were evaluated.

Results
Pattern 1 exhibited higher odds ratios (ORs) for malignancy during NHANES 2011–2012 (OR = 1.33) and 2015–2016 (OR = 1.29) compared to pattern 2. Pattern 3 showed a lower OR for malignancy during NHANES 2013–2014 (OR = 0.62). For hypertension, pattern 1 displayed higher ORs than pattern 2 for NHANES 2011–2012 (OR = 1.26), 2013–2014 (OR = 1.31), and 2015–2016 (OR = 1.41). Pattern 3 had lower ORs for hypertension during NHANES 2013–2014 (OR = 0.72) and 2015–2016 (OR = 0.67). In terms of heart diseases, pattern 1 exhibited higher ORs than pattern 2 for NHANES 2011–2012 (OR = 1.34), 2013–2014 (OR = 1.76), and 2015–2016 (OR = 1.68). Pattern 3 had lower ORs for heart diseases during NHANES 2013–2014 (OR = 0.59) and 2015–2016 (OR = 0.52). However, no significant trend was observed for diabetes. All three patterns showed the strongest association with hypertension among the health outcomes studied.

Conclusions
The identified patterns of seven-metal mixtures in NHANES 2011–2016 were robust. Pattern 1 exhibited higher correlations with hypertension, heart disease, and malignancy compared to pattern 2, suggesting an interaction between these metals. Particularly, the identified patterns could offer valuable insights into the management of hypertension in healthy populations.
Understanding complex causes of suicidal behaviour among graduates in Bangladesh
Authors: Tasfi Jarin Tasnim , Mostofa Shafi Md 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study utilizes both fieldwork and desk-based discourse analysis of newspaper reports to investigate the concerning number of suicides among graduates in Bangladesh. According to some reports, a majority of suicide cases involve young adults who are either currently studying at university or have recently completed their degree (between the ages of 20 and 32). This research contends that patriarchal social expectations in Bangladesh place significant pressure on young adults to secure well-paying jobs to support their families and uphold their family’s status, which can have a negative impact on their mental health. Furthermore, this article identifies additional risk factors that contribute to the high suicide rates among graduates in Bangladesh. These factors include unemployment, poverty, relationship problems, drug addiction, political marginalization, and the stigma of shame, all of which can cause low self-esteem and suicidal thoughts. Moreover, the research suggests that families in Bangladesh have not been providing adequate support to their young members when facing challenges in life. On the contrary, families have added to the pressure on young adults, which can be attributed to joiner’s theory of the effect of industrialization on family norms and values.