bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Therapy Approach For Post-Stroke Patients : A Review Of Literature
Authors: Manurung Sarida Surya , Rumambo Pandin Moses Glorino 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTIntroductionStroke is a highly consequential medical condition, characterized by a substantial risk of death and disability. Based on the data of the World Health Organization (WHO), stroke was contibuted for 6.2 million of mortalities, the second cause of death globally. In particular, half of stroke survivors encounter challenges in performing daily activities, and the psychosocial aspects of their experience often lead to a diminished quality of life, contributing to conditions like depression. In addition for the impact of physical, stroke also can induce the cognitive barriers, impacted to an attention, orientation, retention, and cognitives functions. In addressing these cognitive challenges, particularly through cognitive therapy, was shown promising in reducing levels of anxiety and depression among post-stroke individuals. This literature research deals to examine research outcomes related to various post-stroke cognitive therapies. The objective is to describe the advantages and disadvantages of this therapeutic approaches, clarify the effectiveness in rehabilitate of cognitive and psychological consequences of stroke.MethodLiterature obtained through electronic media on Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar by used the keyword Cognitive Therapy Approach in Post Stroke Patients and it was found 5 articles that met with the criteria which had been published less than the last 10 years.Resultsthis study shows that cognitive interventions that duplicate memory, processing speed and attention can produce significant improvements in several cognitive domains. This therapy teaches compensatory strategies such as using a notebook or daily planner and analyzing tasks logically until activities are carried out well in daily life which involves exercises to increase attention and requires internal neurological attention. The function of this training includes visual and auditory skills, both of which are important for everyday training and information processing designed to improve retention and recall of information and improve memory. Attention and executive skill function are interdependent and have a significant impact on daily functioning. Therefore, exercises that improve attention, working and short-term memory can improve general mental abilities and improve a persons ability to process information.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that cognitive therapy can help the patients to achieve the recovery optimally both in cognitive or emotional aspects.
Prevalence, risk factors and clinical presentations of post-COVID-19 condition: a follow-up study of reported COVID-19 infections in Montreal, Canada
Authors: Allard Robert , Balegamire Safari Joseph , Malloum Khadidja Boukar , Ribeiro Cantalino Juliana Leal , Signor Céline , Leclerc Pascale , Bergeron Geneviève , Mercure Sarah-Amélie , Cadieux Geneviève 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMeta-analyses suggest that post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) mostly takes three clinical presentations: fatigue, cognitive and respiratory. We sought to estimate the prevalence of these presentations and the strength of their associations with potential risk/protective factors, activity limitations and healthcare utilization.MethodsFollow-up study by telephone re-interview, ≥5 months after initial interview, of a random sample of Montrealers aged 18 years or more, with a PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection reported between July 18 and December 4, 2021. The re-interview covered age, sex, comorbidities, signs and symptoms (SS), activity limitations, healthcare utilization, perceived stigmatization and psychological distress.ResultsOf a sample of 2000 adults, 652 (39.1%) completed the questionnaire. Of 518 with only 1 acute episode of COVID-19, 32.2% met the WHO definition of PCC. Of these, 45.5% reported SS that fit the fatigue presentation, 24.6% the cognitive presentation and 16.8% the respiratory presentation. Neither age nor COVID-19 immunization was associated with PCC, compared to COVID-19 without PCC. However, being female (OR=2.28), hospitalization (OR=2.44) and intensive care (OR=3.21) for the acute COVID-19 episode were. Various activity limitations and types of healthcare utilization were also associated with PCC. All presentations were associated with serious psychological distress. The respiratory presentation was particularly associated with hospitalization for the acute episode (aOR=7.72) and was the only one associated with later hospitalization (aOR=23.6).InterpretationOur findings suggest that caring for patients with PCC requires adapted organizational models. If they favoured excellence in research, these models could help future studies meet the recommended methodological standards.
Functional Disability, Health Care Access, and Mental Health in Ukrainians Displaced by the 2022 Russian Invasion
Authors: Kang Tarandeep S. , Head Michael G , Brackstone Ken , Buchko Kateryna , Goodwin Robin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractArmed conflict has negative mental health impacts on internally displaced people and refugees, however, much less is known of its effects upon the mental health of displaced people and refugees with disabilities. We use European data (N=9,679), collected via an internet health needs survey across April-July 2022, to examine the mental health impacts of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine on the mental health of displaced people with disabilities during the first months of the war. Regression models separately examined associations between functional impairment (vision, walking, existing mental health condition), access to healthcare, welfare payments, and anxiety and sleep quality, controlling for a number of sociodemographic variables including preferred language spoken at home, as an indicator of Russian or Ukrainian cultural identity. The presence of pre-existing mental health condition, mobility and vision impairment were each associated with higher levels of anxiety and poorer sleep quality. The ability to access health services and social security payments was also associated with better sleep and lower levels of anxiety. Humanitarian and local authorities must ensure Ukrainian refugees and IDPs are reviewed for their mental health needs, with particular attention to those with known disabilities.
Disrupted balance between pro-inflammatory lipid mediators and anti-inflammatory specialized pro-resolving mediators is linked to hyperinflammation in patients with alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Li Wei , Xia Ying , Yang Jing , Sanyal Arun J. , Shah Vijay H. , Chalasani Naga P. , Yu Qigui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic excessive alcohol consumption leads to a spectrum of alcohol-associated liver diseases (ALD), including alcoholic hepatitis (AH). AH is characterized by intense systemic and liver inflammation, posing significant risks of health complications and mortality. While inflammation is a crucial defense mechanism against injury and infection, its timely resolution is essential to prevent tissue damage and restore tissue homeostasis. The resolution of inflammation is an actively regulated process, primarily governed by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), lipid metabolites derived from ω-6 and ω-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). We investigated the balance between pro-inflammatory lipid mediators (PLMs) and SPMs in the ω-6 and ω-3 PUFA metabolic pathways and examined the impact of alcohol abstinence on rectifying the dysregulated biosynthesis of PLMs and SPMs in AH patients.MethodsLC-MS/MS and ELISA were used to quantify levels of bioactive lipid mediators (LMs) and their precursors in the plasma samples from 58 AH patients, 29 heavy drinkers without overt liver diseases (HDCs), and 35 healthy controls (HCs). Subsequently, we assessed correlations of altered LMs with clinical parameters and various markers of inflammatory cascade andmicrobial translocation. Furthermore, we conducted a longitudinal study to track changes in levels of LMs over 6- and 12-month follow-ups in AH patients who underwent alcohol abstinence.ResultsAH patients exhibited significantly higher plasma levels of ω-6 PLMs (PGD2and LTB4) and SPM RvE1 compared to HDCs and/or HCs. Conversely, key SPMs such as LXA4, RvD1, and several precursors in the ω-3 pathway were significantly downregulated in AH patients. Some of these altered LMs were found to correlate with AH disease severity, clinical parameters, and various inflammatory cytokines. In particular, the LTB4/LXA4 ratio was substantially elevated in AH patients relative to HDCs and HCs. This altered ratio displayed a positive correlation with the MELD score, suggesting its potential utility as an indicator of disease severity in AH patients. Importantly, the majority of dysregulated LMs, particularly PLMs, were normalized following alcohol abstinence.ConclusionOur study reveals significant dysregulation in the levels of PLM metabolites and anti-inflammatory SPMs in both ω-6 and ω-3 PUFA pathways in AH patients. This disrupted biosynthesis, characterized by an overabundance of PLMs and a deficiency in SPMs, is linked to the heightened inflammation observed in AH patients. Importantly, our findings suggest an important role of alcohol abstinence in restoring the balance of these LMs and the potential therapeutic benefits of SPM supplements in alleviating the inflammatory cascade in AH patients.
Does community-based health insurance affect lifestyle and timing of treatment seeking behavior? Evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Anteneh Zecharias Fetene , Mebratie Anagaw D. , Shigute Zemzem , Alemu Getnet , Bedi Arjun S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThere has been a growing concern about the financial sustainability of community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes in developing countries recently. However, little empirical studies have been conducted to identify potential contributors including ex-ante and ex-post moral hazards. We respond to this concern by investigating the effects of being insured on household lifestyle -Preventive Care- and the timing of treatment seeking behavior in the context of Ethiopia’s CBHI scheme. Using three rounds of household panel data and a fixed-effects household model, we do not find a significant impact on preventive care activities. However, we find that participation in CBHI increases delay in treatment-seeking behavior for malaria, tetanus, and tuberculosis symptoms. This behavior is costly for the insurer. Therefore, it is essential to identify the primary causes of delays in seeking medical services and implement appropriate interventions aimed at encouraging insured individuals to seek early medical attention when signs of diseases emerge.
Self-perception of mental health, COVID-19 and associated sociodemographic-contextual factors in Latin American
Authors: Roa Pablo , Rosas Guillermo , Niño Cruz Gloria Isabel , Moreno López Sergio Mauricio , Mejía Grueso Juliana , Aguirre-Loaiza Haney , Alarcón Aguilar Javiera , Reis Rodrigo , Hino Adriano Akira , López Fernando , Salvo Deborah , Ramírez Varela Andrea 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of alterations in the self-perception of mental health (SpMH) during the COVID-19 pandemic and their associated factors in four Latin American countries. Methods: A cross-sectional study of data collected from adults in 2021 through the McDonnell Collaborative COVID-19 Response Survey. The sample was composed by 8125 people from Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Chile. A generalized linear model (GLM) for a binary outcome variable with a logistic link and fixed country effects was used. Results: There were 2336 (28.75%) people who considered having suffered alterations in SpMH. The unemployed [OR: 1.40 (95% CI: 1.24–1.58)], those with bad/regular quality of life [OR: 5.03 (95% CI: 4.01-6.31)], and those with high socioeconomic status (SES) [OR: 1.66 (95% CI: 1.41–1.96)] had a higher risk of SpMH alterations than those with full-time employment, excellent quality, and low SES status. According to the fixed-effects model, Brazilians living in the country during the pandemic, who disagreed with their government’s decisions [OR: 2.05 (95%CI: 1.74–2.42)] and lacked trust in their government [OR: 2.10 (95%CI: 1.74–2.42)] had a higher risk of having SpMH alterations. Conclusion: Nearly 30.0% of respondents indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic altered their SpMH. This outcome was associated with political, sociodemographic, and health risk factors. These findings should help policymakers develop post-pandemic community interventions.
Association Between Person-Centered Care Quality and Advance Care Planning Participation in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kanakubo Yusuke , Kurita Noriaki , Ukai Mamiko , Aita Tetsuro , Inanaga Ryohei , Kawaji Atsuro , Toishi Takumi , Matsunami Masatoshi , Munakata Yu , Suzuki Tomo , Okada Tadao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRationale & ObjectivePerson-centered care (PCC), which incorporates patients’ preferences and values not only for medical care but also for their life, in decision making has been proposed for promoting advance care planning (ACP) among patients with kidney failure.However, how variations in PCC affect ACP participation remain unclear. Therefore, we examined variations in PCC across facilities and examined the association between PCC and ACP participation.Study DesignMulticenter cross-sectional study.Setting & ParticipantsJapanese adults receiving outpatient hemodialysis at six dialysis centers.ExposuresPCC was measured using the 13-item Japanese version of the Primary Care Assessment Tool-short form.OutcomeACP participation as defined by discussion with the attending physician or written documentation or notes regarding treatment preferences.Analytical ApproachA general linear model was used to examine the correlates of the quality of PCC. Modified Poisson regression models were used to examine the associations of ACP participation.ResultsA total of 453 individuals were analyzed; 26.3% participated in ACP. Compared to respondents with no usual source of care (USC), higher PCC was associated with greater ACP participation in a dose-response manner (vs. no USC, adjusted prevalence ratios for the first to fourth quartiles: 1.36, 2.31, 2.64, and 3.10, respectively). Among the PCC sub-domains, first contact, longitudinality, comprehensiveness (services provided), and community orientation were particularly associated with ACP participation. There was a maximum of 12.0 points of facility variation in the quality of PCC.LimitationsPossible reverse causation and unmeasured confounders.ConclusionsHigh PCC quality was associated with ACP participation. The substantial disparity in PCC between facilities provides an opportunity to revisit the quality improvement in PCC.
Negative Clinical Outcomes Between Silver Diamine Fluoride, Sedation, and General Anesthesia Treatment for Children with Early Childhood Caries: A Cohort Study
Authors: Okuji David , Dinh Yen , McClure Tony , Lee Myeonggyun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study compared the wait-time for treatment completion and pre- and post-treatment outcomes of treating early childhood caries with silver diamine fluoride, sedation, and general anesthesia.MethodsThis retrospective study examined children with early childhood caries treated with either silver diamine fluoride, sedation, or general anesthesia at federally qualified health centers. Demographics, wait-time for treatment completion, and pre- and post-treatment clinical outcomes were compared with analysis of variance for continuous variables and the Chi-square test for categorical variables. This study was reviewed and approved by Southcentral Foundation Research Review.ResultsThe outcomes between the silver diamine fluoride, sedation, and general anesthesia groups were respectively: 1) average wait-times to complete treatment at 49.6, 62.5, and 116.3 days, 2) mean number of pre-treatment visits at 1.08, 1.25, and 1.61, 3) mean number of post-treatment visits at 1.41, 1.29, and 1.45.Multiple negative outcomes were identified when the sedation and general anesthesia groups were compared with the silver diamine fluoride reference group for 1) pre-treatment visits with un-planned visits (for general anesthesia only), pain, intra-oral swelling, and prescriptions for pain and antibiotic medications (general anesthesia only) and 2) post-treatment visits with new carious lesions on permanent molars, new carious lesions on primary teeth (sedation only), intra-oral swelling (sedation only only), broken restorations, displaced restorations, and pulpal therapy (sedation only).ConclusionsSilver diamine fluoride provides timely and effective caries management with lower wait-time for treatment completion, clinical outcomes consistent with minimally invasive treatment, and mitigation for the risk of negative pre- and post-operative clinical outcomes compared to treatment under sedation or general anesthesia.
Using Natural Language Processing as a Scalable Mental Status Evaluation Technique
Authors: Wagner Margot , Jagayat Jasleen , Kumar Anchan , Shirazi Amir , Alavi Nazanin , Omrani Mohsen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMental health is in a state of crisis with demand for mental health services significantly surpassing available care. As such, building scalable and objective measurement tools for mental health evaluation is of primary concern. Given the usage of spoken language in diagnostics and treatment, it stands out as potential methodology. Here a model is built for mental health status evaluation using natural language processing. Specifically, a RoBERTa-based model is fine-tuned on text from psychotherapy sessions to predict mental health status with prediction accuracy on par with clinical evaluations at 74%.
Prognostic impact of atrial function in cardiac sarcoidosis using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography
Authors: Nishihara Takahiro , Takaya Yoichi , Nakayama Rie , Yoshida Yu , Toh Norihisa , Nakamura Kazufumi , Yuasa Shinsuke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsAlthough ventricular dysfunction is associated with adverse outcomes in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), the potential role of atrial function is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of atrial function on clinical outcomes in patients with CS.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 96 patients with CS. Left atrial (LA) and right atrial (RA) function was calculated as LA global longitudinal strain (LAGLS) and RA global longitudinal strain (RAGLS), respectively, using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. Major adverse cardiac event (MACE) was a composite of cardiac death, fatal ventricular arrhythmia events, and hospitalization for heart failure.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 6.0 years, 37 patients had MACE. LAGLS and RAGLS were lower in patients with MACE than in those without MACE. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients with atrial dysfunction with LAGLS of ≤ 19.6% or RAGLS of ≤ 22.3% had a higher rate of MACE than those without atrial dysfunction (log-rank test, p = 0.01 for both comparisons). The presence of LAGLS of ≤ 19.6% or RAGLS of ≤ 22.3% was significantly associated with MACE in a model that included age, sex, and New York Heart Association class (hazard ratio: 2.19, 95% confidence interval: 1.06–4.55, p = 0.04; hazard ratio: 2.27, 95% confidence interval: 1.07–4.85, p = 0.03, respectively).ConclusionsAtrial dysfunction represented by LAGLS and RAGLS is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with CS. Our findings suggest a potential role of atrial function for predicting the prognosis in CS.
Understanding Cardiac Events in Breast Cancer (UCARE) - Pilot Cardio-Oncology Assessment and Surveillance Pathway for Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Cronin Michael , Lowery Aoife , McInerney Veronica , Wijns William , Kerin Michael , Keane Maccon , Blazkova Silvie , Martin Michael , Soliman Osama 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn Ireland, over 3,000 patients are diagnosed with breast cancer annually, and 1 in 9 Irish women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in their lifetime. There is evidence that female breast cancer survivors are more likely to die of cardiovascular disease than their age-matched counterparts. This protocol describes a prospective, single arm, pilot feasibility study implementing a dedicated Cardio-Oncology assessment and surveillance pathway for patients receiving multimodal breast cancer treatment. It incorporates novel biomarker and radiomic surveillance and monitoring approaches for cancer-therapy related cardiac dysfunction into routine care for breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant systemic chemotherapy.
Effect of mechanical stretching stimulation on maturation of human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes co-cultured with human gingival fibroblasts
Authors: Wang Mengxue , Idei Harumi , Wang Chen , Liang Yin , Liu Yun , Matsuda Yusuke , Takahashi Ken , Kamioka Hiroshi , Naruse Keiji 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the realm of regenerative medicine, despite the various techniques available for inducing the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells into cardiomyocytes, there remains a need to enhance the efficiency of this induction process. This study aimed to improve the differentiation efficiency of iPS-derived cardiomyocytes (iPS-CMs) by incorporating mechanical stretching. Human iPS cells were co-cultured with human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stretch chamber, where mechanical stretching stimulation was applied during the induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation. The maturation of iPS-CMs was assessed using qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy, and contractility comparisons. Results indicated significantly elevated gene expression levels of cardiomyocyte markers (cTnT) and the mesodermal marker (Nkx2.5) in the stretch group compared to the control group. Fluorescent immunocytochemical staining revealed the presence of cardiac marker proteins (cTnT and HCN4) in both groups, with higher protein expression in the stretch group. Additionally, sarcomere length in the stretch group was notably larger than in the control group. A significant increase in the contractility of iPS-CMs was observed in the stretch group. These findings demonstrate that mechanical stretching stimulation enhances the maturity and differentiation efficiency of iPS-CMs co-cultured with fibroblasts.
Rescue of Impaired Blood-Brain Barrier in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Patient Derived Neurovascular Unit
Authors: Brown Jacquelyn A. , Faley Shannon L. , Judge Monika , Ward Patricia , Ihrie Rebecca A. , Carson Robert , Armstrong Laura , Sahin Mustafa , Wikswo John P. , Ess Kevin C. , Neely M. Diana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multi-system genetic disease that causes benign tumors in the brain and other vital organs. The most debilitating symptoms result from involvement of the central nervous system and lead to a multitude of severe symptoms including seizures, intellectual disability, autism, and behavioral problems. TSC is caused by heterozygous mutations of either theTSC1orTSC2gene. Dysregulation of mTOR kinase with its multifaceted downstream signaling alterations is central to disease pathogenesis. Although the neurological sequelae of the disease are well established, little is known about how these mutations might affect cellular components and the function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We generated disease-specific cell models of the BBB by leveraging human induced pluripotent stem cell and microfluidic cell culture technologies. Using these microphysiological systems, we demonstrate that the BBB generated fromTSC2heterozygous mutant cells shows increased permeability which can be rescued by wild type astrocytes and with treatment with rapamycin, an mTOR kinase inhibitor. Our results further demonstrate the utility of microphysiological systems to study human neurological disorders and advance our knowledge of the cell lineages contributing to TSC pathogenesis.