bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a SRC‐like tyrosine kinase gene, FRK, fused with ETV6 in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia carrying a t(6;12)(q21;p13) translocation
Authors: Hosoya Noriko , Qiao Ying , Hangaishi Akira , Wang Lili , Nannya Yasuhito , Sanada Masashi , Kurokawa Mineo , Chiba Shigeru , Hirai Hisamaru , Ogawa Seishi 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe SRC family of kinases is rarely mutated in primary human tumors. We report the identification of a SRC‐like tyrosine kinase gene, FRK (Fyn‐related kinase), fused with ETV6 in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia carrying t(6;12)(q21;p13). Both reciprocal fusion transcripts, ETV6/FRK and FRK/ETV6, were expressed. In ETV6/FRK, exon 4 of ETV6 was fused in‐frame to exon 3 of FRK, producing a chimeric protein consisting of the entire oligomerization domain of ETV6 and the kinase domain of FRK. The ETV6/FRK protein was shown to be constitutively autophosphorylated on its tyrosine residues. ETV6/FRK phosphorylated histones H2B and H4 in vitro to a greater extent than did FRK, suggesting it had elevated kinase activity. ETV6/FRK could transform both Ba/F3 cells and NIH3T3 cells, which depended on its kinase activity. Moreover, ETV6/FRK inhibited ETV6‐mediated transcriptional repression in a dominant‐negative manner. This report provides the first evidence that a SRC‐like kinase gene, FRK fused with ETV6, could directly contribute to leukemogenesis by producing an oncoprotein, ETV6/FRK, with dual functions: constitutive activation of the ETV6/FRK tyrosine kinase and dominant‐negative modulation of ETV6‐mediated transcriptional repression. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of myelodysplastic syndromes with complex karyotypes by high‐resolution comparative genomic hybridization and subtelomeric CGH array
Authors: Martínez‐Ramírez Angel , Urioste Miguel , Melchor Lorenzo , Blesa David , Valle Laura , de Andrés Sara Alvarez , Kok Klaas , Calasanz Maria José , Cigudosa Juan Cruz , Benítez Javier 
Published: December 2004

AbstractMolecular cytogenetic techniques enabled us to clarify numerical and structural alterations previously detected by conventional cytogenetic techniques in 37 patients who had myelodysplastic syndromes with complex karyotypes. Using high‐resolution comparative genomic hybridization (HR‐CGH), we found the most recurrent alterations to be deletion of 5q (70%), 18q (35%), 7q (32%), 11q (30%), and 20q (24%), gain of 11q (35%) and 8q (24%), and trisomy of chromosome 8 (19%). Furthermore, in 35% of the patients, 20 amplifications were identified. These amplifications were shown by FISH to involve some genes previously described as amplified in hematological malignancies, such as ERBB2, MLL, and RUNX1. In addition, two other genes, BCL6 and BCL2, which are classically related to apoptosis and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, were shown for the first time to be involved in amplification. Genomic alterations involving different subtelomeric regions with losses in 4p16, 5p15.3, 6q27, 18p11.3, and 18q23 and gains in 1p36.3 and 19p13.3 were detected by HR‐CGH. Array CGH analysis of the subtelomeric regions in some samples was able to confirm a number of these alterations and found some additional alterations not detected by conventional CGH. ©2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
When the Skylark Abandons the Meadow
Authors: Mückschel Claus , Frede Hans Georg , Köhler Wolfgang , Kuhlmann Friedrich , Otte Annette , Wolters Volkmar 
Published: December 2004

AbstractModern agriculture harms animals and plants by endangering biodiversity. New computerised models help to design a land use model that meets human requirements as well as preserving the ecosystem
Monitoring of gallbladder and gastric coordination by EPI
Authors: Marciani Luca , Bush Debbie , Wright Peter , Wickham Martin , Pick Barbara , Wright Jeff , Faulks Richard , Fillery‐Travis Annette , Spiller Robin C. , Gowland Penny A. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractPurposeTo assess for the first time the potential of echo‐planar magnetic resonance imaging (EPI) for measuring simultaneously both gallbladder and gastric emptying.Materials and MethodsEight healthy subjects ingested 500 mL of an acid‐stable liquid test meal containing 15% olive oil and flavoring. Every 20 minutes for three hours thereafter, a rapid EPI multislice set was acquired across the whole abdomen, using a dedicated whole‐body 0.5‐T EPI scanner.ResultsThe bile in the gallbladder and the test meal in the stomach appeared bright in the EPI images, aiding localization and region of interest analysis. We measured the gallbladder emptying curve and fitted the data to a simple analytical model. The mean fasted gallbladder volume was 25 ± 4 mL, comparable to previously published MRI and ultrasound values. Gastric emptying data fitted well to a linear model linear (R2 = 0.99), and we observed an exponential (R2 = 0.98) relationship between gallbladder and gastric volumes for the first 90 minutes.ConclusionThis study shows the potential of EPI to monitor simultaneously and noninvasively the emptying of the gallbladder and of the gastric lumen. No contrast enhancing agents are needed. This method could overcome the limitations of previous gamma scintigraphy and ultrasound techniques. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005;21:82–85. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neurostimulation systems: Assessment of magnetic field interactions associated with 1.5‐ and 3‐Tesla MR systems
Authors: Baker Kenneth B. , Nyenhuis John A. , Hrdlicka Greg , Rezai Ali R. , Tkach Jean A. , Shellock Frank G. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate magnetic field interactions at 1.5‐ and 3‐Tesla for implantable pulse generators (IPGs) and radiofrequency (RF) receivers used for implantable neurostimulation systems.Materials and MethodsMeasurements of magnetically induced displacement force and torque were determined for 10 devices (seven IPGs, three RF receivers) used for neurostimulation systems. Displacement force and torque were assessed at various positions in 1.5‐ and 3‐Tesla MR systems using standardized techniques.ResultsFour IPGs exhibited force ratios (magnetic attraction force/device weight) greater than 1.0, with the overall magnitude of the force ratio increasing significantly when comparing the 1.5‐Tesla to the 3‐Tesla MR system. Of the seven IPGs tested, one exhibited a torque ratio (magnetic induced torque/product of the device weight and length) greater than 1.0. The RF receivers displayed relatively strong magnetic field interactions at both 1.5‐ and 3‐Tesla, exhibiting force and torque ratios greater than 1.0.ConclusionsThe neurostimulation implants tested exhibited varying degrees of magnetic field interactions, with four of the seven IPGs and the three RF receivers exhibiting at least one MR‐induced force or torque value greater than the effect of gravity. These findings have important implications for patients with these implants who are referred for MRI examinations. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005;21:72–77. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative single‐voxel spectroscopy: The reciprocity principle for receive‐only head coils
Authors: Jost Gregor , Harting Inga , Heiland Sabine 
Published: December 2004

AbstractPurposeTo correct MR spectra for local changes in the coil sensitivity for a widely used coil setup, consisting of a transmitting body coil and a receive‐only head coil.Materials and MethodsThe method relies on the reciprocity principle for the body coil and a correction factor for signal amplitudes between body coil and head coil. The correction is based either on the local flip angle dependence of the stimulated echo acquisition mode signal (TFC) or on the automatic RF calibration (RFC). Water phantoms of different volumes were used to simulate variable coil loads, and B1 field inhomogeneities were assessed by varying the voxel position. Furthermore, the correction was tested by longitudinal measurements in one volunteer.ResultsThe correction in vitro yields a reduction of the variation coefficient of the water signal by about 77% (TFC) and 66% (RFC) for different coil loads, as well as 55% (TFC) for variable voxel positions. Slightly lower reductions were assessed for the variation coefficients of the metabolite signals in vivo.ConclusionThis approach adequately compensates for local changes in coil sensitivity, when acquiring MR spectra with a receive‐only head coil. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005;21:66–71. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Imaging of small vessels using photoacoustics: An in vivo study
Authors: Siphanto Ronald I. , Kolkman Roy G.M. , Huisjes Arjan , Pilatou Magdalena C. , de Mul Frits F.M. , Steenbergen Wiendelt , van Adrichem Leon N.A. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe ability to correctly visualize the architectural arrangement of microvasculature is valuable to many diverse fields in medicine. In this study, we applied photoacoustics (PA) to obtain high‐resolution images of submillimeter blood vessels.Study Design/Materials and MethodsShort laser pulses are used to generate ultrasound from superficial blood vessels in several animal models. From these ultrasound waves the interior of blood vessels can be reconstructed.ResultsWe present results from a novel approach based on the PA principle that allows specific in vivo visualization of dermal blood vessels without the use of contrast agents or ionizing radiation.ConclusionsWe show PA images of externalized blood vessels and demonstrate in vivo PA imaging of vasculature through layers of skin varying in thickness. Lasers Surg. Med. 35:354–362, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional optical detection based on pH dependent fluorescence lifetime
Authors: Gannot Israel , Ron Izhar , Hekmat Farid , Chernomordik Victor , Gandjbakhche Amir 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDetection of possible alterations of physiological parameters (e.g., pH and temperature), resulting from malignant transformation of initially healthy tissue, can be a powerful diagnostic tool for earlier cancer detection. Such variations can be observed by comparing these parameters with those of healthy tissue surrounding the abnormality. Time‐resolved spectroscopy of specifically targeted fluorescent labeled antibodies can be sensitive to such variations and provide a high resolution functional image of the region of interest. The goal of this study was to establish a forward experimental setup for calibration of the lifetime dependencies of near‐IR fluorescent dyes on physiological parameters, and to develop analytical solutions, taking into account the effects of light propagation in turbid media (e.g., tissue), that was able to extract an original lifetime fluorescence signal from time‐of‐flight intensity distributions, measured in vivo from a deeply embedded live organ for further analysis.Study Design/Materials and MethodsTissue‐like phantoms with embedded fluorescent dyes and background optical properties simulating those of live tissues were designed and created. Fluorescence decay curves were measured for different fluorophore positions, and pH values. Those measurements were made with a system based on a time‐correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) instrument and a tunable femtosecond Ti‐Sapphire system built by our group.ResultsDecay curves were recorded for fluorophore depths of up to 5 mm and source‐detector separation of 7 mm. It was shown that a forward model, based on the random walk theory, adequately described the experimental data. Measured pH dependencies of the fluorescence lifetime were characterized for two different dyes.ConclusionsGood correlation between experimental data and predictions of the theoretical model allows the use of close‐form analytical solutions to separate the effects of photon time delays due to multiple scattering in tissues from the original intensity fluorescence time decay curve, determined by the fluorophore itself and its immediate surroundings. It is the latter dependence that can be diagnostically important. Experimentally obtained scaling between lifetime and a parameter of interest can be used in vivo to obtain a map of physiological parameter changes which can serve as a base for an in vivo specific diagnostic system. Lasers Surg. Med. 35:342–348, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fluorescein angiography for the detection of metastases of ovarian tumor in the abdominal cavity, a feasibility pilot
Authors: Aalders Maurice C.G. , Sterenborg Dick J.C.M. , Vange Nine van der 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe growth and progression of ovarian tumor metastases at the peritoneal surfaces of the abdominal cavity are coupled with neovascularization. Newly formed tumor vessels show a more diffuse pattern and are more permeable for macromolecules than normal vessels. We investigated the possibility to detect (small) ovarian metastases in the abdominal cavity by means of fluorescein angiography.Study Design/Patients and MethodsEighteen patients known with ovarian cancer or with suspicion for this disease received sodium fluorescein intravenously in different doses (0.4–1.6 ml of a 25% solution), whereafter fluorescence detection by laparoscope was carried out. The distribution pattern of fluorescein was gained from 0 to 120 min by pooling the data collected in different patients at various time intervals.ResultsThree phases could be discriminated, that is, rapid filling of blood vessels after administration of fluorescein, diffuse extravasation of fluorescein into surrounding tissues, and clearance of fluorescein from vessels and surrounding tissue. Differences in accumulation of fluorescein could be visualized only after 1 hour or more. Fluorescence imaging more then 60 minutes after administration of fluorescein did not give additional information compared to the inspection using white light, which was confirmed by histology. These observations were dose‐independent.ConclusionsThe concentration gradient differences of fluorescein between healthy and pathological tissue in the abdominal cavity are too small to indicate tumor neovascularization. Lasers Surg. Med. 35:349–353, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Excimer laser ablation for valvular angioplasty in pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum
Authors: Moskowitz William B. , Titus Jack L. , Topaz On 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe prognosis for infants with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum (PA/IVS) is poor and they present a major management challenge. Mechanical penetration of the atretic pulmonary valve is an applicable option for decompression of the right ventricle and optimization of left ventricular function. The utilization of laser energy for debulking and vaporization of the atretic valve tissue is a relevant approach due to the potential for controlled, precise mode of energy distribution.Study Design/Patients and MethodsA 4‐month‐old female with PA/IVS whose failure to thrive was accompanied by critical hemodynamic abnormalities received successful percutaneous pulmonary valve plate ablation by a 0.9 mm pulsed‐wave ultraviolet excimer laser catheter (308 nm wavelength, fluence 50 mJ/mm2; 30 Hz). A “step‐by‐step” lasing technique was applied whereby the tip of the emitting laser catheter is advanced ahead of a guide wire that serves mainly as support for positioning of that catheter.ResultsAdequate penetration of the atretic tissue enabled introduction of balloon dilations resulting in patency of the atretic valve, decompression of the right ventricle, improved right and left ventricular hemodynamics, and oxygenation. To further investigate the effect of excimer laser energy on atretic valvular tissue this laser was applied in a specimen of heart from an infant who died because of PA/IVS. Histopathologic examination of the irradiated tissue revealed no laser‐induced injury to the pulmonary valve.ConclusionsThus, laser ablation and penetration of an atretic pulmonary valve is feasible and safe. The penetration of the atretic valve with the laser catheter enables subsequent introduction of various sizes balloon dilations. The application of available laser sources for treatment of congenital heart diseases is reviewed. Lasers Surg. Med. 35:327–335, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
He‐Ne laser effects on blood microcirculation during wound healing: A method of in vivo study through laser Doppler flowmetry
Authors: Núñez Silvia Cristina , Nogueira Gessé E.C. , Ribeiro Martha S. , Garcez Aguinaldo S. , Lage‐Marques José L. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLow‐intensity laser therapy (LILT) is widely used for wound healing promotion and its mechanism of action may be due to an enhancement of blood supply. The aim of this study was to evaluate blood flow alterations in a wound healing model, using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) associated with a normalized perfusion parameter.Study Design/Materials and MethodsAn injury was provoked in 15 rats and blood flow was measured periodically over a period of 21 days. Control groups were established to evaluate LDF and He‐Ne laser effects on microcirculation. A 1 J/cm2 dose was utilized, with 6 mW/cm2 irradiance.ResultsThe results demonstrated flow alterations provoked by lesion, and inflammatory response (P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences between groups.ConclusionsThe results did not show a significant sustained effect on microcirculation with this He‐Ne dose. Lasers Surg. Med. 35:363–368, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CHOP activation by photodynamic therapy increases treatment induced photosensitization
Authors: Wong Sam , Luna Marian , Ferrario Angela , Gomer Charles J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesC/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducible transcription factor involved in the development of apoptosis, growth arrest, and differentiation. CHOP deficient (chop − / − ) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exposed to ER stresses such as tunicamycin exhibit decreased apoptosis and reduced toxicity when compared to chop + / + control cells. Overexpression of the 70 kDa heat shock stress protein (HSP‐70) can inhibit apoptotic pathways. The biological significance of photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocols that induce cellular damage resulting in differential CHOP and stress protein expression patterns was examined.Study Design/Materials and MethodsWild type mouse radiation induced fibrosarcoma (RIF) cells as well as MEFs with chop + / + and chop − / − genotypes were used with either a mitochondrial and ER localizing porphyrin (PH) photosensitizer or a lysosomal localizing chlorin (NPe6) photosensitizer. PDT induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and stress protein expression patterns were determined as a function of cell type and photosensitizer.ResultsPH mediated PDT induced expression of CHOP and 78 kDa glucose regulated protein (GRP‐78), but not HSP‐70 while NPe6 mediated PDT induced protein expression of HSP‐70 but did not activate CHOP or GRP‐78 expression. Enhanced apoptosis and toxicity were observed in chop + / + cells following exposure to tunicamycin or PH mediated PDT when compared to identical treatments in chop − / − cells. NPe6 mediated PDT induced minimally detectable apoptosis in both chop + / + and chop − / − cells and only a modest increase in survival for chop − / − cells.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that PDT activation of CHOP, GRP‐78, and HSP‐70 varied as a function of photosensitizer subcellular localization and that a single oxidative stress response was not observed following PDT. We also show that CHOP expression increased apoptosis following PH mediated PDT and that increased CHOP expression is associated with enhanced PDT photosensitization. Lasers Surg. Med. 35:336–341, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Histomorphometric study of the healing of human oral mucosa after gingivoplasty and low‐level laser therapy
Authors: Damante Carla A. , Greghi Sebastião L.A. , Sant'Ana Adriana C.P. , Passanezi Euloir , Taga Rumio 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of diode laser irradiation on the healing of human oral mucosa.Materials and MethodsAfter gingivoplasty, the right hemi‐arch (test group) of 16 patients was irradiated with a diode laser. The left side (control group) was not irradiated. Incisional biopsies were performed on both sides at 7, 14, 21, and 60 days after surgery and morphometrically analyzed by light microscopy.ResultsEpithelium width ranged from 260.6 to 393.5 μm. Volume densities of basal (20.2%), prickle cell (55.6%), and cornified (24.2%) layers remained stable. The peak number of neutrophils were 6 cells/mm2and the mononuclear cells were 44 cells/mm2. Collagen fibers (80%) and fibroblasts (14%) occupied the main volume of connective tissue. The one‐way ANOVA and the paired Student'st‐test were used for statistical analysis (P < 0.05).ConclusionLow‐level laser therapy did not accelerate the healing of oral mucosa after gingivoplasty. Lasers Surg. Med. 35:377–384, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subsurface tissue lesions created using an Nd:YAG laser and a sapphire contact cooling probe
Authors: Ramli Rahayu , Chung Chia‐Chun , Fried Nathaniel M. , Franco Nicholas , Hayman Michael H. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study investigates deep laser coagulation of tissue in combination with contact cooling of the tissue surface for potential use in noninvasive procedures in urology.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA laser probe was designed and tested for simultaneous Nd:YAG laser irradiation and sapphire contact cooling of liver and skin tissue samples, ex vivo. Gross and histologic examination was used to quantify thermal lesion dimensions.ResultsLiver lesions measured 5.5 ± 0.3 mm in diameter, while preserving the tissue surface to a depth of 2.1 ± 0.2 mm (n = 5). Skin lesions measured 4.3 ± 0.9 mm in diameter, while preserving the skin surface to a depth of 1.1 ± 0.2 mm (n = 6). There were no statistical differences in lesion diameter and layer of preserved tissue between contact (sapphire) cooling and prior non‐contact (cryogen spray) cooling results for a given tissue type (P > 0.05).ConclusionsNoninvasive laser procedures targeting tissue structures for thermal coagulation within a few millimeters of the tissue surface are feasible and may expand the use of combined laser/cooling techniques for applications in urology and general surgery. In vivo animal studies are currently in development to optimize the laser and cooling parameters for potential clinical applications. Lasers Surg. Med. 35:392–396, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unique global solvability in two‐dimensional non‐linear thermoelasticity
Authors: Pawłow Irena , Zaja̧czkowski Wojciech M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe paper is concerned with initial‐boundary value problem in two‐dimensional (2‐D) non‐linear thermoelasticity which arises as a mathematical model of shape memory alloys. The problem has the form of viscoelasticity system with fourth order capillarity‐like term coupled with heat conduction equation with mechanical dissipation.The corresponding elastic energy is a nonconvex multiple‐well function of strain, with the shape changing qualitatively with temperature. Under assumption on the growth of this energy with respect to temperature we prove global in time existence and uniqueness of solutions for large data. The existence proof is based on parabolic decomposition of the elasticity system and application of the Leray–Schauder fixed point theorem. The main part of the proof consists in deriving a priori Hölder estimates by successive improvement of energy estimates. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.