bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiresolution approximation for shallow water equations using summation-by-parts finite differences
Authors: Tretyak Ilya D. , Goyman Gordey S. , Shashkin Vladimir V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present spatial approximation for shallow water equations on a mesh of multiple rectangular blocks with different resolution in Cartesian geometry. The approximation is based on finite-difference operators that fulfill Summation By Parts (SBP) property – a discrete analogue of integration by parts. The solution continuity conditions between mesh blocks are imposed in a weak form using Simultaneous Approximation Terms (SAT) method.We show that the resulting discrete divergence and gradient operators are anti-conjugate. The important consequences are the discrete analogues for mass and energy conservation laws along with the proof of stability for linearized equations. The numerical shallow water equations model based on the presented spatial approximation is tested using problems with meteorological context. Test results prove high-order accuracy of SBP-SAT discretization. The interfaces between mesh blocks of different resolution produce no significant noise. The local mesh refinement is shown to have positive effect on the solution both locally inside the refined region and globally in the dynamically coupled areas.
Effect of glauconite and SLS surfactant on phosphate and calcite rheology
Authors: Asem Ola M. , Abadir Magdi Fouad , El-Midany Ayman A. , El-Mofty Salah E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The rheological properties of the flotation slurry are one of the most important factors affecting the separation by this process. The presence of clay in the flotation process causes many problems due to its effect on the slurry rheology. In this study, the effect of glauconitic clay on the rheological behaviour of semi-salt type minerals (phosphate and calcite) in the presence/absence of anionic surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate, SLS) as flotation reagent was investigated as a preliminary step towards understanding their behaviour during flotation. The results showed that the flow behaviour of each mineral, either phosphate or calcite was Newtonian. When glauconite was added in the absence of surfactant, the behaviour shifted to that of Bingham fluids with yield stress for both slurries. When glauconite was added to phosphate slurry in the presence of the surfactant, the behavior was strictly Newtonian, with a slight increase in viscosity with increasing glauconite content. The addition of SLS to calcite slurries shifted the behaviour from Newtonian behavior to shear thickening, with an increase in yield stress and viscosity with addition of glauconite, reaching a maximum value at 10 % addition and then decreasing with further addition of glauconite.
Corrosion inhibition of pure iron by Eurohypnum leptothallum extract in 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4: an experimental and GC-MS based study
Authors: Wang Xuxiang , Wang Fuyan , Pan Xianyu , Hu Jing , Liu Jing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this work, the functional groups of Eurohypnum leptothallum extract (ELE) were extracted by aqueous immersion and identified by FTIR. The corrosion inhibitory effect of ELE as a natural plant corrosion inhibitor on pure iron in 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 solution was investigated by test methods such as the weight loss method, electrochemical behaviour and detection of metal surface topography. The results show that ELE has a positive inhibitory effect on the corrosion behaviour of pure iron in 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 solution, and the higher the concentration of ELE, the greater the corrosion inhibitory effect. It can still reach 83.97 % at high temperatures. The results of SEM examination and contact angle measurements show that the corrosion degree of the metal decreases significantly after the additon of ELE and that the hydrophobicity of the metal surface increases. The adsorption of ELE on the surface of pure iron tends to isothermal Langmuir adsorption and, as a mixed corrosion inhibitor, the charge transfer resistance of the system increases significantly and the capacitance value of the electrical double layer decreases significantly.
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF EFFECTIVE TRAINING OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL FUTURE TEACHERS FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF DIALOGIC LEARNING FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: FOMIN KATERYNA 
Published: December 2023

The article substantiates the urgency of the problem of organizing dialogic learning in primary school. The conditions of successful realization of the author's model of formation of readiness of future teachers for dialogic learning of pupils are covered, namely: 1) integrity, continuity of professional training of future primary school teachers for the organization of dialogic training of pupils; 2) gradual direction of the content of higher education to solving problems of formation and development of skills and abilities of pedagogical communication, elements of communicative and reflexive-activity components of professional readiness by introducing methods of dialogic learning in teaching pedagogical and professional disciplines; 3) establishing subject-subject interaction in the system «teacher (teacher) - student (student)» in the educational process, creating an atmosphere of creativity; 4) creation of an educational dialogue environment in a higher education institution for the training of future primary school teachers; 5) practice-oriented approach to the study of disciplines in the cycle of professional training of future professionals (aimed at solving problems of communicative competence of future teachers, ethics of pedagogical communication, humanization of dialogic interaction in professional activities).
ГАРМОНІЗАЦІЯ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ В ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ ЗАСОБАМИ ІНТЕГРАТИВНОГО ПІДХОДУ
Authors: KOZLOVSKYІ YURIY 
Published: December 2023

У статті обумовлено, що міждисциплінарна ціннісно орієнтована освіта передбачає цілісну систему знань фахівця та досягнення гармонії між раціональним і духовним у процесі професійної діяльності. Автором здійснена спроба обґрунтувати інтегративний підхід до гармонізації освітнього процесу закладу вищої освіти, використовуючи вивчення й аналіз філософської, соціологічної, психолого-педагогічної літератури вітчизняних і зарубіжних авторів, узагальнюючи науково-теоретичні і дослідницькі дані для впровадження інтегративного підходу, порівняння та логічних методів аналізу. Доведено, що інтеграційними засобами передбачено створювати відкриті системи освіти, акцентувати на національних зацікавленнях, реформувати науку в закладах вищої освіти, посилювати фундаментальну й методологічну складові в новітній педагогіці, по-іншому структурувати й наповнювати освітній зміст, розвивати освітньо-педагогічне передбачення тощо. Загалом зроблений висновок, що освіта розвивається від простішого до складнішого за принципом теорії гармонії.
ОГЛЯДОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПРОВІДНИХ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ УКРАЇНИ ЗА СВІТОВИМИ І НАЦІОНАЛЬНИМИ РЕЙТИНГАМИ
Authors: SHCHERBAK IRYNA 
Published: December 2023

У статті автором зроблено огляд світових рейтингів QS World University Rankings, THE World University Rankings і національних рейтингів Топ-200 Україна, Бал ЗНО на контракт, консолідований рейтинг освітнього ресурсу «Освіта.ua», який базується на показниках національних найбільш впливових рейтингах «Топ-200 Україна» та «Бал ЗНО на контракт» і міжнародного рейтингу «Scopus». Проаналізувавши названі вище рейтинги, нами виявлено лідерів серед закладів вищої освіти України. Для з’ясування переваг та недоліків конкуруючих університетів дослідником було розроблено карти-перцепції за місцем рейтингу в QS та показниками «кількість залучених іноземних науково-педагогічних працівників» і «кількістю студентів і співвідношенням професорсько-викладацького складу ЗВО та чисельності студентів» глобального індикатора «Якість академічного персоналу ЗВО».
Guerras justas y guerras injustas, Prólogo a la tercera edición
Authors: WALZER Michael 
Published: December 2023

La obra de Michael Walzer es una de las claves para entender el resurgimiento de la Guerra Justa que pudo observarse en los años 90. El prólogo, a través del ejemplo de la Guerra del Golfo, ilustra sobre como las decisiones políticas o militares que desembocan en un conflicto armado, constituyen un problema moral de primer orden que repercute en los propios combatientes, así como en la población civil y sobre el que es necesario debatir. Walzer plantea problemas de enorme actualidad como la cuestión del pacifismo y sus consecuencias, la necesidad de distinguir y justificar el derecho a la guerra o el derecho en la guerra y poner de manifiesto que solo la existencia de una regulación normativa sobre la Guerra Justa permitirá conseguir el objetivo de que deje de ser un recurso ilimitado.
Globalización y migraciones: dos nociones interdependientes desde los orígenes
Authors: CRESPO Rafael 
Published: December 2023

Las migraciones son una constante en la historia de la humanidad. Y un fenómeno necesario para entender la globalización. A partir de las experiencias migratorias de dos grupos en concreto, observamos que el modo en que las migraciones se erigen en nudos de conexión de lo local con lo global. En el artículo también se debate en torno al papel central de las migraciones en los principales debates sobre la globalización: la crisis del estado-nación, y la percepción de las migraciones como una amenaza por parte de los estados receptores.
Seguridad en África del sur: más allá del realismo, tras el apartheid
Authors: BOOTH Ken , VALE Peter 
Published: December 2023

África Austral se ve enfrentada, de formas novedosas y desafiantes, a la elección entre dos cursos geopolíticos (de acción). Estos se caracterizan por sus diferentes formas de comprender el futuro de las relaciones interestatales y distintas apreciaciones de la problemática de la seguridad en la región. El tradicional marco político trazado por el realismo se centra en responder a las circunstancias y a los hechos de forma mecánica, más que abriendo interrogantes sobre esas difíciles preguntas de primer orden – ese tipo de interrogantes que da lugar a interpretaciones alternativas de la “realidad” y, en consecuencia, a nuevos resultados políticos. Por lo tanto, trataremos de demostrar que atender a las cuestiones de seguridad a través de una mirada nueva es especialmente importante en África del sur, en la medida en que los cambios acontecidos a lo largo del tiempo han abierto prometedoras vías desde las que abordar las necesidades de seguridad inmediatas y futuras de esta región históricamente trágica. Sin un discurso de seguridad nuevo y crítico, los sangrientos conflictos que protagonizaron el pasado de esta región, todavía pueden retornar y marcar su futuro.
Nuevos bárbaros, viejos bárbaros: Teoría de Relaciones Internacionales en la post-Guerra Fría. "Todo lo viejo es nuevo otra vez", en Barbarians and Civilization in Internacional Relations, Pluto Press, Londres, 2002
Authors: SALTER Mark 
Published: December 2023

El fin de la Guerra Fría y el supuesto surgimiento de un nuevo orden mundial han llevado al surgimiento de nuevos paradigmas explicativos de las relaciones internacionales. Entre estos, se viene observando el alcance que ha adquirido la llamada “tesis de los dos mundos”; esto es, una visión explicativa del mundo que incide en la distinción dualista – y/o maniquea – entre “centro y periferia”, “zonas de paz y zonas de conflicto”, “Occidente y el resto”. Mark Salter, en este capítulo de su obra Barbarians and Civilization in International Relations (2002), advierte sobre la necesidad de analizar, desde una perspectiva histórica, la naturaleza y alcance de la reintroducción de estos estereotipos imperialistas en las teorías y discursos de relaciones internacionales, así como la decimonónica dicotomía occidental entre pueblos bárbaros y civilizados. Propone así un análisis minucioso de las tesis de autores como S. P. Huntington, P. Kennedy, R. Kaplan o B. Barber, subrayando así que “todo lo nuevo es viejo otra vez”.
Reformando el Imperio, acabando con el Imperio: Francia y África Occidental, 1944-1960
Authors: COOPER Frederick 
Published: December 2023

Si miramos de forma retrospectiva, tanto el fin de los imperios coloniales como el desarrollo de un mundo de estados-nación después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial parecen inevitables. Con todo, en la larga historia de los imperios, el año 1945 es una fecha demasiado temprana para marcar la transición del imperio al estado-nación. Hacerlo supondría dejar escapar los diversos modos en que los actores políticos imaginaron su futuro. En 1945 los líderes franceses no pensaban en su país como un estado-nación, sino que la nación francesa existía en el seno de un estado más complejo —el estado-imperio—. Algunos líderes pensaron que el imperio podía convertirse en otro tipo de “composite polity”, una federación que pasara a llamarse Unión Francesa. Los que habían sido súbditos pasarían a ser ciudadanos. En el África occidental francesa, la mayoría de los líderes no buscaban la independencia a finales de los años cuarenta, sino construir una Francia federal más igualitaria. Ambas versiones del federalismo implicaban visiones estratificadas de soberanía —que diferentes personas participasen de forma distinta para gobernarse tanto a sí mismos como al conjunto de la federación—.
Downregulation of SIRT1, SIRT3, and IGF-1 in ApoE-deficient mice exacerbates neuronal damage induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
Authors: Harmatina O. Y. , Rozova K. V. , Voznesenska T. Y. , Vasylenko M. I. , Lapikova-Bryhinska T. Y. , Portnychenko A. G. 
Published: December 2023

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a widespread pathological condition caused by chronically reduced cerebral blood flow leading to brain damage, but the specific molecular mechanisms that regulate these phenomena remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated brain damage and neuronal DNA injury in a vulnerable region of the brain, the hippocampus, as well as the involvement of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), sirtuins of 1 (SIRT1) and 3 (SIRT3) types and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in pathogenetic mechanisms in mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion caused by the permanent occlusion of the left unilateral common carotid artery. Male C57/6j (C57, wild type) and ApoE(-/-) mice were divided into four experimental groups (10 mice per group): sham-operated С57, С57 with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, sham-operated ApoE(-/-) mice, ApoE(-/-) mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Our results showed that the number of damaged neurons in the hippocampus at 8 weeks after surgical manipulation increased in both groups of mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, with more pronounced rates in ApoE(-/-) mice than in C57 mice. However, ApoE deficiency in moderate chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was accompanied by a higher level of undamaged DNA (class 0) and a low level of maximally damaged DNA (class 4) in brain cell nuclei in contrast to group C57. In ApoE-deficient mice, reduced expression of SIRT1, SIRT3, and IGF-1 was found. In chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, expression of sirtuins was preserved, but IGF-1 expression was significantly reduced in ApoE(-/-) mice in comparison to C57. The obtained results indicate that ApoE deficiency leads to downregulation of SIRT1, SIRT3 and IGF-1 in the brain; this lack of cytoprotection is enhanced in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and may participate in the mechanisms of neuronal damage.
Impact of aqueous extract of Viscum album on different organisms
Authors: Bilonozhko Y. , Shut T. , Krupodorova T. , Pirko N. , Holubchak O. , Pryvalikhin S. , Lykholat O. , Pirko Y. 
Published: December 2023

The phytochemical and pharmacological potential of Viscum album extracts are widely used for the treatment of various diseases in many countries. The effect of aqueous extract from different mistletoe host trees (Abies alba, Acer saccharinum, Malus domestica, Pinus sylvestris) on model objects (Allium cepa and Drosophila milanogaster), bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus), and fungi (Aspergillus niger, Heterobasidion annosum, Inonotus obliquus) was evaluated. The influence of mistletoe extracts on A. cepa, D. melanogaster and basidiomycetes species H. annosum and I. obliquus was demonstrated for the first time. The study findings revealed that the impact of mistletoe aqueous extract exhibits considerable variation, influenced by multiple factors. These factors include the specific tree from which mistletoe is obtained, the concentration used, and the organism targeted. Mistletoe extracts caused the appearance of cells with pathologies in the meristematic tissues of A. cepa at different stages of the plant cell cycle. A clear cytostatic effect on A. cepa and D. melanogaster was shown, with the highest effect of mistletoe extract obtained from A. saccharinum. The main action of the solution on cells is probably manifested in the inhibition of cell division according to the results of the cytotoxicity assessment of aqueous extracts of mistletoe. Antibacterial activity of concentated mistletoe extract obtained from A. saccharinum was found only against S. aureus with zone of growth inhibition 11.0 ± 0.1 mm. In the assay on agar plates the tested extracts stimulated the mycelial growth of A. niger 1.85 times higher compared to the control, but inhibited the growth of H. annosum, I. obliquus at 65.5% and 62.2%, respectively. However, the biomass production of H. annosum was strongly dependent on the host mistletoe tree of the aqueous extract, and both the inhibition of mycelial synthesis of the wood-destroying fungus and its stimulating effect on mycelial accumulation were found. A negative effect (1.46 times decrease in biomass ) of H. annosum was found in the case of application of mistletoe extract obtained from A. saccharinum. The highest stimulation effect on fungus (1.53 times increase in biomass) was established by using mistletoe extract prepared from A. alba. In this study the main effects on living organisms used were indirectly caused by the host trees of mistletoe extracts. The overall negative impact was associated with the host tree Acer saccharinum.
Electron microscopic changes in fibroblastic sarcoid in horses
Authors: Portenko M. , Shchebentovska O. , Kostyniuk A. 
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of ultrastructural research on fibroblastic sarcoid, which is one of the most aggressive types of sarcoid in horses. A retrospective study on the prevalence of sarcoids in horses in Ukraine’s western regions was conducted in 2019–2023. It was found that during the period of 2022–2023, the number of horses with sarcoids increased sharply by 15.6% compared to the period 2020–2021. This was associated with the mass movement of animals from eastern regions due to the onset of the war in Ukraine. The fibroblastic type of sarcoid was predominantly localized in the abdominal wall and groin area. To study the ultrastructure of sarcoids, they were surgically removed by excising undamaged skin portions under general anesthesia, adhering to all requirements of the European Convention for the Protection of Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes. Electronograms revealed that the tumour formation mainly consisted of fibroblasts of varying differentiation degrees: significant number of vesicles, markedly expanded endoplasmic reticulum cisterns, and irregularly shaped nuclei with numerous invaginations. Open nuclear pores were observed in most nuclei. Active formation of a large number of capillaries was noted between the collagen matrix, fibroblasts, and fibrocytes, indicated by the increased number of endotheliocytes with pseudopodia on the cytoplasm’s marginal part and the basal surface. This suggests their embryonic type. Endotheliocytes contained large round nuclei and a significant number of mitochondria in the cytoplasm. There were both bright and dark endotheliocytes in the blood capillaries’ venous section. The cytoplasm of bright endotheliocytes contained myofilaments, individual mitochondria, free ribosomes, peroxisomes, and vesicles of various sizes. The plasmalemma formed small pseudopodia. The capillary lumen showed moderate electron density. Additionally, high platelet activity was observed, manifested by cell adhesion to the marginal part of the endotheliocyte cytoplasm. It should be noted that most capillaries were of the venous type, as indicated by the endotheliocytes’ height, the presence of an increased number of mitochondria and vesicles. The entire cellular pool was localized among the massive framework consisting of collagen fibers. Elastic fibers could not be detected in the fibrillar component.
Soberanía alimentaria, una gestión colaborativa. Contribuciones de oferentes del Mercado Agroecológico de Comercio Justo AHIMSA, Toluca, México
Authors: Garduño de Jesus Edwin Gabriel , Vargas Cancino Hilda C. 
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este texto es identificar las contribuciones de oferentes del Mercado Agroecológico de Comercio Justo Ahimsa (MACJA) en Toluca, México, para la escalabilidad de la soberanía alimentaria (SA) a partir de cuestiones intangibles y prácticas agroecológicas y de comercio justo. Para ello se utilizó una metodología con enfoque cualitativo mediante una entrevista semiestructurada a 8 oferentes del MACJA durante los meses de noviembre de 2021 a marzo de 2022. Entre los resultados se encuentra que la SA tiene potencial expansivo en la integración de cuestiones intangibles con prácticas agroecológicas y de comercio justo.
MENTORING THROUGH LESSON STUDY: A COLLABORATIVE WAY TO SUPPORT EFL TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN MADRASAHS (ISLAMIC SCHOOLS)
Authors: Ekawati Dian , Damayanti Ika Lestari , Lengkanawati Nenden Sri 
Published: December 2023

Recently, attending seminars or professional development programs for teachers is not sufficient to cope with today's teaching challenges. In addition, tight schedules and preparing teaching administration often refrain teachers to work and discuss together with their colleagues. Pointing out such problems, this study tries to investigate how mentoring program for EFL teachers in Indonesia was conducted collaboratively at schools through a lesson study approach and what teachers’ competencies were improved during the program. Eight EFL teachers from three Islamic junior high schools (called madrasahs) and a university lecturer serving as a mentor were involved in the program. Data gathered from observations, questionnaires, and interviews were analyzed qualitatively through (1) iterative reading of the data, (2) reducing the data, (3) categorizing the data, (4) combining all data, and (5) concluding the data. The findings indicate that the lesson study cycle involved in this program covered two stages of PLAN, one stage of DO, and SEE. The participant teachers required more time during the planning due to several factors such as adjustment working with the revised Curriculum recently released by the government at the time of data collection, and challenges in aligning learning objectives, classroom activities, and evaluation. Upon their involvement in the program, the teachers reported that they gained benefits and strong improvements in four aspects of teachers' competencies, namely professional, pedagogical, social, and personal competencies from the collaboration with peer teachers and a university lecturer. For instance, they found their knowledge extending in terms of teaching techniques and methods, planning and implementing effective lessons, and their motivation to teach better and share resources with others increasing as well. In short, mentoring through lesson study is valuable to improve the teachers’ competencies.