bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responses of avian predators to the polymorphic harlequin ladybird (Harmonia axyridis)
Authors: Veselý Petr , Nedvěd Oldřich , Borovička Martin , Adamovská Markéta , Průchová Alexandra , Fuchs Roman 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The harlequin ladybird (Harmonia axyridis) shows a high level of colour polymorphism. Particular forms differ in their colour combination, pattern and abundance.
Two species of wild‐caught passerines native to Central Europe were offered various forms of ladybirds, differing in their colour pattern and abundance in nature. We predicted that those forms that are more abundant in the wild are better protected, as they are more familiar to predators.
Forms novemdecimsignata and spectabilis, which represent 97% of individuals in the wild population, significantly differ in their visual appearance (mostly orange vs. mostly black). The form axyridis is very rare in the wild, and suturalis and aninkae do not occur in the wild and were derived from laboratory breedings
As predators, we used great tits (Parus major), which are very aversive towards ladybirds, and tree sparrows (Passer montanus), which are quite willing to attack and even eat ladybirds.
We compared bird responses to particular ladybird colour forms and included a brown‐painted control to test the effect of conspicuous colours.
We showed that both species of birds attacked all conspicuous forms of the ladybird equally and usually very rarely. The brown‐painted novemdecimsignata form was attacked more frequently compared with the conspicuous forms, showing that the visual appearance prevents birds from attacking any conspicuous colour combination. Sparrows tended to eat the attacked ladybirds of forms novemdecimsignata, spectabilis and brown painted. The rare axyridis form and laboratory forms were very well protected from the attack, very likely due to neophobia.
We may conclude that despite the outstanding polymorphism of H. axyridis, its protection against avian predators is very effective as long as the red‐and‐black pattern is preserved.
Sintering behavior and mechanism of Bi‐Zn‐Nb‐O microwave dielectric ceramics
Authors: Zhang Youran , Feng Jingjing , Zhang Faqiang , Ma Mingsheng , Liu Zhifu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBi‐Zn‐Nb‐O‐based microwave dielectric ceramics are promising candidates for wireless communication. Investigations have concentrated on their fabrication methods and doping modification. In this work, the densification mechanism and grain growth kinetics of the Bi‐Zn‐Nb‐O‐based microwave dielectric ceramics were explored. A significantly wide sintering temperature window (800–1000°C) of the monoclinic Bi2Zn2/3Nb4/3O7 (BZN) was found. High‐density stacking faults were observed in BZN grains at the initial stage of sintering, which could act as paths for mass transport, thus remarkably accelerating the densification process and decreasing the densification temperature. On the other hand, BZN possesses a high grain growth exponent and activation energy, which indicates a slow grain growth rate and a high threshold for abnormal grain growth, corresponding to the wide sintering temperature window. Moreover, the BZN ceramics display good microwave dielectric properties stability over a wide temperature range (25–450°C).
Efficacy of long‐term risankizumab treatment for moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis: Subgroup analyses by baseline characteristics and psoriatic disease manifestations through 256 weeks (LIMMitless trial)
Authors: Strober Bruce , Bachelez Hervé , Crowley Jeffrey , Elewski Boni E. , Gooderham Melinda , Menter Alan , Strohal Robert , Chen Michael M. , Wu Tianshuang , Zhan Tianyu , Photowala Huzefa , Armstrong April 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that impacts a heterogeneous group of patients and can have multiple clinical manifestations. Risankizumab is approved for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis.ObjectivesTo evaluate the long‐term efficacy of risankizumab according to baseline patient characteristics, and for the treatment of high‐impact disease manifestations (nail, scalp and palmoplantar psoriasis), through 256 weeks of continuous treatment in the phase 3 LIMMitless study.MethodsThis subgroup analysis evaluated pooled data from patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis who were randomized to risankizumab 150 mg during two double‐blind, phase 3, 52‐week base studies (UltIMMa‐1/2; NCT02684370/NCT02684357) and were enrolled in the phase 3 LIMMitless open‐label extension study (NCT03047395). Subgroup assessments included the proportion of patients who achieved ≥90%/100% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 90/100). Among patients with nail, scalp and/or palmoplantar psoriasis in addition to skin psoriasis, assessments included changes from baseline in and resolution of these three psoriatic manifestations.ResultsOverall, a numerically similar proportion of patients (N = 525) achieved PASI 90/100 through Week 256, regardless of their baseline age, sex, body mass index, weight, PASI or psoriatic arthritis status. Patients with nail, scalp and/or palmoplantar psoriasis experienced substantial improvements in manifestation‐specific indices (mean improvement from baseline to Week 256 of >81%, >94% and >97%, respectively); in patients with all three manifestations (N = 121), 44.6% achieved complete clearance of these manifestations at Week 256.ConclusionsRisankizumab demonstrated generally consistent efficacy through 256 weeks across patient subgroups and showed durable long‐term efficacy for psoriatic disease manifestations.
Molecular characterization of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma phoenicium’ infecting almond (Prunus dulcis) and evaluation of biochemical defenses produced in the plants
Authors: Akkurak Havva , Güldür Mehmet Ertuğrul , Dikilitas Murat , Karakas Sema , Alfaifi Mohammad Y. , Shati Ali A. , Sayyed Riyazali Z. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIncreasing incidences of phytoplasma infestations in Almond trees warrants the better management approach to prevent yield losses. Disease management rely on identification of the pathogen based on molecular profiling. The present study aimed, to identify the phytoplasma agent in almond trees and to measure the biochemical responses it causes in the host. Direct and Nested PCRs performed using phytoplasma specific primer pairs 16S rRNA, detected the presence of phytoplasma agent in symptomatic trees but not in symptomless trees. Phylogeny based on the sequence analysis revealed that the infecting agent was closely related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma phoenicium’ (16SrIX‐B subgroup). Then the study was carried out to determine the responses of physiological and biochemical mechanisms in almond trees infected with phytoplasma. Total chlorophyll and protein contents of infected almond trees were lower compared to healthy control, on the other hand, the levels of catalase and peroxidase activity increased in infected trees. Higher levels of stress‐related metabolites such as proline (20.53–39.23 μmol/g), phenol (3.00–4.44 mg GAE/g), salicylic (94.96–138.22 ng SA/mg protein) and jasmonic acid (965.86–1465.10 ng JA/mg protein) were observed in infected trees compared to asymptomatic trees, respectively in healthy and infected trees. The results showed that the Ca. P. phoenicium, which was detected for the first time in Türkiye, was able to change the physiological and biochemical mechanisms. The pathogenic agent could possess a potential danger in almond production areas. It is crucially important that this agent should be considered in certification programs.
Fostering cultural competence: Exploring client perception in a health coaching intervention among college students
Authors: Oh Seungbin , Benes Sarah , Yan Zi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHealth coaching could be an innovative approach to develop student coaches' cultural competence (CC) among future health professionals. The current mix‐method study design explored the impact of an 8‐week peer health coaching intervention among college students on CC, from both student health coaches (i.e., students majored in health sciences who completed health coaching training and acted as health coach) and student clients' perspective. Nine student coaches and 24 student clients participated in the study. The quantitative analysis showed an increase in the clients' perceived level of coaches' CC between the pre‐ and posttest. The qualitative analysis revealed three themes, including varying levels of awareness, respectful and culturally responsive coaching, and cultural connection. Implications and recommendations for educators and researchers are discussed.
Randomized trial in postprandial functional dyspepsia: Reassurance and diagnostic explanation with or without traditional dietary advice
Authors: Buckle Rachel L. , Brown Lydia C. , Aziz Imran 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlmost 80% of individuals with functional dyspepsia experience meal‐related symptoms and are diagnosed with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS). However, studies evaluating dietary modifications in PDS are sparse. We performed a single‐center randomized trial comparing reassurance and diagnostic explanation (RADE) with or without traditional dietary advice (TDA) in PDS.MethodsFollowing a normal upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, individuals with PDS were randomized to a leaflet providing RADE ± TDA; the latter recommending small, regular meals and reducing the intake of caffeine/alcohol/fizzy drinks and high‐fat/processed/spicy foods. Questionnaires were completed over 4 weeks, including self‐reported adequate relief of dyspeptic symptoms, and the validated Leuven Postprandial Distress Scale (LPDS), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, and Nepean Dyspepsia Index for quality of life. The primary endpoint(s) to define clinical response were (i) ≥50% adequate relief of dyspeptic symptoms and (ii) >0.5‐point reduction in the PDS subscale of the LPDS (calculated as the mean scores for early satiety, postprandial fullness, and upper abdominal bloating).Key ResultsOf the 53 patients with PDS, 27 were assigned RADE‐alone and 26 to additional TDA. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, with a mean age of 39 years, 70% female, 83% white British, and coexistent irritable bowel syndrome in 66%. The primary endpoints of (i) adequate relief of dyspeptic symptoms were met by 33% (n = 9) assigned RADE‐alone versus 39% (n = 10) with TDA; p‐value = 0.70, while (ii) a reduction of >0.5 points in the PDS subscale was met by 37% (n = 10) assigned RADE‐alone versus 27% (n = 7) with TDA; p‐value = 0.43. Response rates did not differ according to irritable bowel syndrome status. There were no significant between‐group changes in the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale and dyspepsia quality of life.Conclusions & InferencesThis study of predominantly white British patients with PDS found the addition of TDA did not lead to significantly greater symptom reduction compared with RADE alone. Alternate dietary strategies should be explored in this cohort.
Geographies of supplementary education: Private tuition, classed and racialised parenting cultures, and the neoliberal educational playing field
Authors: Holloway Sarah L. , Pimlott‐Wilson Helena , Whewall Sam 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper makes two contributions to knowledge. First, it broadens geographies of education's focal reach by concentrating attention on the consumption of supplementary education. Supplementary education markets are booming as parents seek to ensure their children have the qualifications required to succeed in knowledge economies. The paper elucidates how consumption of such commercially provided tuition—which is delivered outside of school boundaries but designed to improve performance in school—is shaped by place‐specific, classed and racialised parenting cultures. This shines an important light on shadow education market mechanics that have hitherto been hidden from geographical view, and foregrounds the significant role parenting cultures play in shaping children's educational experiences. Future research in geographies of education must attend to these parenting cultures, as interactions between the home and diverse formal, informal, alternative and supplementary education settings play an increasingly crucial role in confronting and reproducing educational inequality. Second, the paper advances the conceptual contribution of geographies of education to interdisciplinary debates about parents and education. It demonstrates that multi‐scalar geographical research makes a unique contribution to interdisciplinary theorisations of home–school links, including those utilising Bourdieu's notion of cultural reproduction, and Lareau's model of concerted cultivation. Specifically, multi‐scalar analysis demonstrates that: (i) place‐sensitive research is vital as it contextualises parenting cultures, reattaching analyses of parental habitus and capital to the field, highlighting how intersecting global, national and local processes shape parents' educational practices; (ii) previously overlooked racial differences in concerted cultivation must be analysed without being naturalised, by exploring how racialised dispositions towards education are shaped in/across place, and reproduced through global/local racialised social capital; and (iii) inter‐class differences that have dominated parenting debates remain important, but attention to inter‐class similarity and intra‐class variation, as it emerges through intersections with race and in place, is equally vital.
In vitro evaluation of bactericidal effects of fluorescent light energy on Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and S. aureus
Authors: Lundberg Annette T. , Hathcock Terri , Kennis Robert A. , White Amelia G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundStaphylococcus pseudintermedius and S. aureus are bacterial species of importance in veterinary medicine. The increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance necessitates the implementation of novel treatment modalities. Fluorescent light energy (FLE) is used as an adjunctive and primary treatment for canine pyoderma. However, no in vitro studies exist investigating its bactericidal effects against S. pseudintermedius or S. aureus.ObjectivesTo determine the bactericidal effects of FLE on S. pseudintermedius and S. aureus isolates.Materials and MethodsTwo meticillin‐susceptible S. pseudintermedius (MSSP) isolates, three meticillin‐resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) isolates and one meticillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolate were studied. A commercially available blue light‐emitting diode (bLED) lamp and photoconverting hydrogel FLE system was used. All bacteria were exposed to five conditions following inoculation: (i) no treatment (control); (ii) blue light (bLED) once; (iii) bLED twice consecutively; (iv) FLE (bLED and photoconverting hydrogel) once; and (v) FLE (bLED and photoconverting hydrogel) twice consecutively. Each individual exposure was 2 min long.ResultsNo statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found for any treatment group when each bacterial isolate was evaluated individually, MSSP isolates were grouped, MRSP isolates were grouped, when all S. pseudintermedius isolates were combined, or when all isolates of both Staphylococcus species were combined.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceWhile clinical success is reported when using FLE to treat Staphylococcus infections in animals, no in vitro antibacterial efficacy was identified for S. pseudintermedius or S. aureus under experimental conditions. The clinical success observed with FLE may be the result of a more complex in vivo response.
Linnean shortfall and space‐time patterns in species description of New World coralsnakes (Serpentes: Elapidae)
Authors: Frateles Lívia Estéfane Fernandes , da Silva Nelson Jorge , Terribile Levi Carina , Diniz‐Filho José Alexandre Felizola 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe magnitude of life on Earth and human limitations hinder the understanding of even the most basic aspects of biodiversity, such as the identity of species inhabiting the Earth, the so‐called Linnean shortfall. Evaluating patterns in species description dates and their relationship with macroecological variables can help guide where taxonomic efforts should be focused. Therefore, we aim to assess the Linnean shortfall in the knowledge of New World coralsnake biodiversity. We modelled species description dates and estimated that approximately one‐third of the coralsnake diversity remains unknown. The undescribed species are evolutionarily closely related to the already described species. Moreover, recently described species in the group have more restricted geographic ranges and tend to be small‐bodied. The western Amazon and the dry diagonal (i.e. Caatinga, Cerrado, and Chaco) are the areas with the oldest description dates. However, assemblages in these areas have the largest average geographic distances to the type locality of their species, suggesting that little taxonomic effort has been dedicated intrinsically to these regions. We suggest that allocating taxonomic efforts to the dry diagonal and the use of integrative taxonomic techniques for better species delimitation are imperative to fill the Linnean shortfall for the New World coralsnakes.
Rowing and pain: does rowing lead to exercise-induced hypoalgesia?
Authors: Tomschi Fabian , Herzig Steffen , Hilberg Thomas 
Published: January 2024

Physical activity acutely alters pain processing known as exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH). This randomized controlled crossover study investigated the effects of two different rowing exercises on EIH and to explore whether possible EIH effects are related to individual rowing specific performance. Fifty male experienced rowers conducted two rowing sessions (submaximal: 30 min of moderate rowing (70% of maximum heart rate); maximal: 350 m in an all-out fashion) and a control session. Pre and post exercise pain sensitivity was measured bilaterally using pressure pain thresholds (PPT; Newton (N)) at the elbow, knee, ankle, sternum, and forehead. Individual performance was determined as maximum watt/kg and was tested for correlations with changes in PPT. Higher PPT values were observed after maximal exercise at all landmarks with a mean change ranging from 2.5 ± 7.8 N (right elbow; p = 0.027; dz = 0.323) to 10.0 ± 12.2 N (left knee; p ≤ 0.001; dz = 0.818). The submaximal (range from −1.6 ± 8.8 N (Sternum; p = 0.205; dz = 0.182) to 2.0 ± 10.3 N (right ankle; p = 0.176; dz = 0.194)) and control session (range from −0.5 ± 7.6 N (left elbow; p = 0.627; dz = 0.069) to 2.6 ± 9.1 N (right ankle; p = 0.054; dz = 0.279)) did not induce changes. Relative performance levels were not correlated to EIH (range from: r = −0.129 ( p = 0.373) at sternum to r = 0.176 ( p = 0.221) at left knee). EIH occurred globally after a short maximal rowing exercise while no effects occurred after rowing for 30 min at submaximal intensity. EIH cannot be explained by rowing specific performance levels in experienced rowers. However, the sample may lack sufficient heterogeneity in performance levels to draw final conclusions.
Impact of vector meson polarization on its interaction with matter
Authors: Gevorkyan S. R. , Guskov A. V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe production of unstable particles on different nuclei provides the possibility to determine the total cross section of the interaction of vector mesons $$V=\rho ,\omega ,\varphi , K^{*0}(892),J/\psi $$

V
=
ρ
,
ω
,
φ
,

K

∗
0

(
892
)

,
J
/
ψ

etc. with nucleons. This interaction is defined by a set of amplitudes that correspond to the transverse (helicity $$\lambda =\pm 1$$

λ
=
±
1

) or longitudinal ($$\lambda =0$$

λ
=
0

) polarization of the vector meson. The total cross section for the interaction of transversely polarized vector mesons with nucleon $$\sigma _T=\sigma (V_T N)$$

σ
T

=
σ

(

V
T

N
)

has been extracted from the coherent photoproduction of vector mesons off nuclei, while the vector meson production in charge exchange reactions as $$\pi ^\pm (K^\pm )+A\rightarrow V^0(K^{*0})+A'$$

π
±

(

K
±

)

+
A
→

V
0

(

K

∗
0

)

+

A
′

provides the unique opportunity to obtain the not yet measured total cross section for longitudinally polarized vector meson interacting with nucleon $$\sigma _L=\sigma (V_L N)$$

σ
L

=
σ

(

V
L

N
)

. We shortly discuss the importance of the knowledge of $$\sigma _L$$

σ
L

and possibility to extract its value from experiments on nuclear target.
Sua vida com Benito traduzida: banalização do fascismo e recepção no Brasil das memórias de Raquel Mussolini
Authors: Bianconi Leonardo Rossi , Santurbano Andrea 
Published: January 2024

Em 15 de fevereiro de 1949 o suplemento literário Autores e Livros, do jornal A manhã do Rio de Janeiro, publicou uma longa resenha da tradução das memórias de Raquel Mussolini, intitulada Minha vida com Benito, publicada em 1948 pela editora Instituto Progresso Editorial (IPÊ), integrando a Coleção Meridiano, que propunha uma seleção de livros para a formação de uma biblioteca de documentos históricos. Esta coleção traz ainda obras como a de Carmine Senise, chefe da polícia de Mussolini; as memórias Dino Alfieri, embaixador italiano na Alemanha que organizou o encontro entre Hitler e Mussolini; entre outros. Neste artigo pretendemos discutir a relação entre essa escolha tradutória e suas possíveis ligações entre a comunidade italiana no Estado de São Paulo e o fascismo, na Itália e no Brasil. Para isso explicitamos as revisões da figura de Benito Mussolini e as banalizações do fascismo no léxico e na semântica desses textos dos primeiro anos do pós Segunda Guerra, dando atenção especial à construção do Benito “pai de família” e das atenuações dos crimes fascistas nas memórias de Raquel Mussolini. O intuito é de trazer à tona os possíveis objetivos – mercadológicos, ideológicos e pessoais – dos editores do IPÊ, principalmente dos dissidentes do regime fascista exilados no Brasil: Francesco Malgeri e Luigi Federzoni.
O Ato Autobiográfico como Estratégia: O caso dos pintores italianos da primeira metade do século XX
Authors: Rocco Renata , Murari Victor Tuon 
Published: January 2024

O ato autobiográfico é parte de uma estratégia utilizada pelos artistas modernos como forma de assegurar que sua visão dos acontecimentos seja preservada e julgada no futuro. Para que tal estratégia tenha sucesso, os artistas devem estabelecer uma relação de confiança com seus leitores, a fim de que possam garantir que sua versão dos fatos seja considerada a mais coerente e verdadeira. Com este artigo, propomos discutir alguns aspectos dos escritos autobiográficos de quatro pintores italianos: Carlo Carrà (La Mia Vita, 1943), Gino Severini (Tutta la vita di un pittore, 1946), Massimo Campigli (Scrupoli,1955) e Giorgio De Chirico (Memorie della mia Vita, 1960), trazendo à luz pontos de convergência e divergências entre eles. A escolha pelos quatro artistas se baseou na atuação dos mesmos durante o período fascista e nas relações estabelecidas com agremiações proeminentes, como: o Futurismo, a Pintura Metafísica, a Pintura Mural e os "Italianos de Paris" e por suas atividades enquanto teóricos da arte.