bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The risk of bleeding and perforation from sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy in colorectal cancer screening: A systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Kindt Isabella Skaarup , Martiny Frederik Handberg Juul , Gram Emma Grundtvig , Bie Anne Katrine Lykke , Jauernik Christian Patrick , Rahbek Or Joseph , Nielsen Sigrid Brisson , Siersma Volkert , Bang Christine Winther , Brodersen John Brandt 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Physical harm from Colorectal Cancer Screening tends to be inadequately measured and reported in clinical trials. Also, studies of ongoing Colorectal Cancer Screening programs have found more frequent and severe physical harm from screening procedures, e.g., bleeding and perforation, than reported in previous trials. Therefore, the objectives of the study were to systematically review the evidence on the risk of bleeding and perforation in Colorectal Cancer Screening.

Design
Systematic review with descriptive statistics and random-effects meta-analyses.

Methods
We systematically searched five databases for studies investigating physical harms related to Colorectal Cancer Screening. We assessed the internal and the external validity using the ROBINS-I tool and the GRADE approach. Harm estimates was calculated using mixed Poisson regression models in random-effect meta-analyses.

Results
We included 89 studies. Reporting and measurement of harms was inadequate in most studies. In effect, the risk of bias was critical in 97.3% and serious in 98.3% of studies. All GRADE ratings were very low. Based on severe findings with not-critical risk of bias and 30 days follow-up, the risk of bleedings per 100,000 people screened were 8 [2;24] for sigmoidoscopy, 229 [129;408] for colonoscopy following fecal immunochemical test, 68 [39;118] for once-only colonoscopy, and 698 [443;1045] for colonoscopy following any screening tests. The risk of perforations was 88 [56;138] for colonoscopy following fecal immunochemical test and 53 [25;112] for once-only colonoscopy. There were no findings within the subcategory severe perforation with long-term follow-up for colonoscopy following any screening tests and sigmoidoscopy.

Discussion
Harm estimates varied widely across studies, reporting and measurement of harms was mostly inadequate, and the risk of bias and GRADE ratings were very poor, collectively leading to underestimation of harm. In effect, we consider our estimates of perforation and bleeding as conservative, highlighting the need for better reporting and measurement in future studies.

Trial registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42017058844.
Correlates of healthcare-seeking behavior for acute gastroenteritis—United States, October 1, 2016 –September 30, 2017
Authors: Hallowell Benjamin D. , Burke Rachel M. , Salas S. Bianca , Groom Holly , Donald Judy L. , Mattison Claire P. , Schmidt Mark A. , Hall Aron J. 
Published: October 2023

Background
In the United States, public health surveillance systems often underestimate the burden of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) because they only identify disease among those who interact with the healthcare system.

Objective
To identify factors associated with healthcare-seeking behavior among individuals experiencing community-acquired AGE.

Methods
From October 2016 –September 2017, we conducted a weekly, age-stratified, random sample of Kaiser Permanente Northwest members located in northwest Oregon and southwest Washington, United States. Individuals who completed the online survey and experienced AGE were included in the analysis. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify predictors of healthcare-seeking behavior.

Results
Of the 3,894 survey respondents, 395 experienced an AGE episode and were eligible for analysis, of whom, 82 (21%) sought care for their AGE episode. In the final multivariable model, individuals with a concurrent fever (odds ratio [OR]: 4.76, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.48–9.13), increased diarrhea duration (≥6 days vs 1–4 days, OR: 4.22, 95% CI: 1.78–10.03), or increased vomiting duration (≥3 days vs 1 days, OR: 2.97, 95% CI: 1.22–7.26), were significantly more likely to seek healthcare. In the adjusted model, no sociodemographic or chronic disease variables were associated with healthcare-seeking behavior.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that individuals with a short duration of AGE and those without concurrent fever are underrepresented in healthcare facility-based surveillance systems.
Truth be told: a corpus-based study of the cross-linguistic colexification of representational and (inter)subjective meanings
Authors: Beekhuizen Barend , Blumenthal Maya , Jiang Lee , Pyrtchenkov Anna , Savevska Jana 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study of crosslinguistic variation in word meaning often focuses on representational and concrete meanings. We argue other kinds of word meanings (e.g., abstract and (inter)subjective meanings) can be fruitfully studied in translation corpora, and present a quantitative procedure for doing so. We focus on the cross-linguistic patterns for lemmas pertaining to truth and reality (English true and real), as these abstract meanings been found to frequently colexify with particular (inter)subjective meanings. Applying our method to a corpus of translated subtitles of TED talks, we show that (1) the abstract-representational meanings are colexified in patterned ways, that, however, are more complex than previously observed (some languages not splitting a ‘true’-like from ‘real’-like terms; many languages displaying further splits of representational meanings); (2) some non-representational meanings strongly colexify with representational meanings of ‘truth’ and ‘reality’, while others also often colexify with other fields.
A dimension expanded preconditioning technique for block two-by-two linear equations
Authors: Luo Wei-Hua , Carpentieri Bruno , Guo Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this article, we introduce a novel block preconditioner for block two-by-two linear equations by expanding the dimension of the coefficient matrix. Theoretical results on the eigenvalues distribution of the preconditioned matrix are obtained, and a feasible implementation is discussed. Some numerical examples, including the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations, are presented to support the theoretical findings and demonstrate the preconditioner’s efficiency.
Macrophages and microglia in inflammation and neuroinflammation underlying different pain states
Authors: Chen Ouyang , Luo Xin , Ji Ru-Rong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pain is a main symptom in inflammation, and inflammation induces pain via inflammatory mediators acting on nociceptive neurons. Macrophages and microglia are distinct cell types, representing immune cells and glial cells, respectively, but they share similar roles in pain regulation. Macrophages are key regulators of inflammation and pain. Macrophage polarization plays different roles in inducing and resolving pain. Notably, macrophage polarization and phagocytosis can be induced by specialized pro-resolution mediators (SPMs). SPMs also potently inhibit inflammatory and neuropathic pain via immunomodulation and neuromodulation. In this review, we discuss macrophage signaling involved in pain induction and resolution, as well as in maintaining physiological pain. Microglia are macrophage-like cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and drive neuroinflammation and pathological pain in various inflammatory and neurological disorders. Microglia-produced inflammatory cytokines can potently regulate excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission as neuromodulators. We also highlight sex differences in macrophage and microglial signaling in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Thus, targeting macrophage and microglial signaling in distinct locations via pharmacological approaches, including immunotherapies, and non-pharmacological approaches will help to control chronic inflammation and chronic pain.
Crystal structure of bis(benzene-1 carboxylato-O 3,5-carboxyl-κ
1O)-[(5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-κ
4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′)nickel(II) ─ benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid ─ water (1/2/4), C52H66N4NiO28
Authors: Chen Xiao-Ming , Ou Guang-Chuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
C52H66N4NiO28, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 11.292(6) Å, b = 11.670(6) Å, c = 12.165(6) Å, α = 81.872(6)°, β = 67.036(5)°, γ = 75.624(6)°, V = 1428.1(12) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt
(F) = 0.0439, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1216, T = 296(2) K.
The crystal structure of the salt: 4-((1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)carbamoyl)pyridine-1-ium 2-carboxybenzoate, C14H10N3O3·C8H5O4
Authors: Smith Mark G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
C14H10N3O3·C8H5O4, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.1312(3) Å, b = 10.5732(4) Å, c = 12.0961(4) Å, α =

110.933

(
2
)

∘

$110.933{(2)}^{\circ }$

, β =

101.603

(
2
)

∘

$101.603{(2)}^{\circ }$

, γ =

91.295

(
2
)

∘

$91.295{(2)}^{\circ }$

, V = 946.37(6) Å3, Z = 2,

R

g
t

${R}_{gt}$

(F) = 0.0493,

w

R

r
e
f

$w{R}_{ref}$

(F
2) = 0.1369, T = 173 K.
CPT 2024: Coding Changes for Cardiac Imaging Services
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: October 2023

New codes will be implemented for services performed on and after January 1, 2024, for imaging performed to evaluate congenital cardiac abnormalities. Changes to codes for cardiac imaging in Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) in 2024 include the following:
Diagnostic intraoperative epicardial cardiac ultrasound (eg, echocardiography) for congenital heart disease Venography for congenital heart defect(s)
This article provides an overview of the new codes and reporting instructions. Please see your CPT 2024 reference for more information.
Jugaad Authorities
Authors: Parciack Ronie 
Published: October 2023

This article analyzes the figures of four contemporary Sufi peers who have established a formally unrecognized yet authoritative position despite their lack of ties to established Sufi transmission lineages or access to either symbolic or concrete capital. These peers operate in the lower strata of Delhi's urban society, in ‘economies of despair’, composed of concentric circles of unfavourable life circumstances, limited resources, under-recognition and the deepening communal divide.
Through a methodological combination ­of ethnography, participatory observation and textual analysis I examine their life trajectories to better understand the ways in which hyperlocal peers craft jugaad (improvised) authorities­­­­­; the issue of space–the aspiration to exert power over a shrine and the transformation of the space, in some cases, from concrete to virtual. Finally, I address the transformations in peer-mureedi relations in the neoliberal era through the prism of the consumer society.
ПРОБЛЕМА АВТОРСТВА ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ СИСТЕМ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА ДЛЯ СОЗДАНИЯ РИД
Authors: ЧЕРНОУСОВ Дмитрий Анатольевич 
Published: October 2023

Исследуется проблема авторства при использовании систем искусственного интеллекта для создания результатов интеллектуальной деятельности. Цель исследования — выявление существующего состояния правового регулирования исследуемых правоотношений и видение его развития. Выделено существующее правовое положение систем искусственного интеллекта в праве Российской Федерации, включая обобщение судебной практики на исследуемую тему. Используя концептуальный подход к работе искусственного интеллекта, автор выявил существо феномена и обратил внимание на прогнозируемое развитие систем искусственного интеллекта. Исследован вопрос о «сознании» систем искусственного интеллекта, применен подход с точки зрения квантовой механики и ее интерпретаций. Выдвинуто предположение о возможности существования у искусственного интеллекта своего «сознания». Выделено несколько видов взаимодействия человека и феномена при создании результатов интеллектуальной деятельности (РИД), охраняемых законом. Рассмотрено явление с точки зрения подражания человеческому мозгу, через призму его характеристики как нелинейной динамической системы, подверженной влиянию хаоса. Приведен пример роста скорости развития систем искусственного интеллекта и высказано убеждение о необходимости учета данного фактора при правовом регулировании. Предложен инструмент для отнесения видов взаимодействия человека и систем искусственного интеллекта (СИИ) для определения объема охраняемых прав и авторства на РИД: проведение экспертизы работы систем на предмет охраны результата их работы как РИД в зависимости от объема взаимодействия для предоставления таким результатам статуса охраняемых. В результате таких экспертиз возможно выделение для охраны результатов не как РИД, а как специального субъекта авторского права.
Causes and consequences of changes in the values of hydraulic characteristics of metal water supply and sanitation networks during their operation
Authors: Prodous Oleg A. , Shlychkov Dmitry I. , Yakubchik Petr P. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: It consists in carrying out a comparative analysis of the values of the characteristics of the hydraulic potential of metal pipelines used in assessing the energy consumption of pumping units installed on pipelines with different thickness of the layer of internal deposits.
Methods: The reasons for changing the values of hydraulic characteristics of metal pipelines during their operation are developed in tabular form. A concrete example shows the change in the values of the characteristics of the hydraulic potential of pipes with different thickness of the layer of internal deposits included in the calculated dependence for determining the actual energy consumption of pumping units.
Results: It is proposed to develop for the entire range of manufactured steel pipes and pipes made of gray cast iron, a scale of maximum permissible values of the thickness of the layer of internal deposits, according to which a decision should be made to continue or stop the operation of pipe wires.Conclusion: To recommend, based on the hydraulic calculation of the characteristics of the hydraulic potential of pipes for the given example, minimizing the use of steel and cast iron pipes made of gray cast iron in projects of water supply and drainage networks. When operating metal pipelines, take into account the dynamics of changes in the energy consumption of pumping units with different thickness of the layer of internal deposits.
Análise do estoque de medicamentos em farmácias das unidades básicas de saúde do Distrito Federal
Authors: Abreu Larissa França , Oliveira Rinaldo Eduardo Machado de , Pinheiro Rafael Mota 
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Analisar o estoque de medicamentos nas unidades básicas de saúde das regiões do Distrito Federal (DF). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo por meio da consulta ao sistema de informações InfoSaúde-DF. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de junho a novembro de 2022. Nas análises, considerou-se a relação de medicamentos essenciais do DF e empregou-se a classificação anatômica, terapêutica e química. Resultados: Verificou-se, a média de 43,1 medicamentos em falta no total de unidades básicas de saúde do DF. Os meses com maior frequência de desabastecimento foram outubro e novembro (n=58). Na região sul do DF, observou-se a maior falta de medicamentos e a região leste foi aquela com menor desabastecimento. Na comparação das médias dos medicamentos desabastecidos entre a região sul do DF e as demais regiões obteve-se p<0,05. Os antimicrobianos estiveram comumente em falta, especialmente aqueles do componente estratégico da assistência farmacêutica. Os medicamentos cetotifeno, hipromelose e tioridazina estiveram em falta durante todo o período. Conclusão: Houve diferenças nos estoques de medicamentos nas unidades básicas de saúde do DF. Além disso, os medicamentos cuja responsabilidade financiamento e aquisição eram do Ministério da Saúde estavam mais frequentemente em falta. Logo, este estudo subsidia as discussões no âmbito da assistência farmacêutica, bem como, a execução de ações que otimizem a integralidade da assistência e cuidado no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Isolation and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites in Ethyl Acetate Fraction From Indonesian Eucheuma Spinosum
Authors: Inayah Nurul , Masruri Masruri 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEucheuma spinosum is a type of red algae (Eucheuma) which is used as a food which has a high source of carrageenan. Information on secondary metabolites in E. spinosum is known to have bioactive properties as an antioxidant and antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize secondary metabolites in E.spinosum. The study was started by isolating secondary metabolites from E.spinosum using Soxhlet extraction followed by solvent partitioning, fractionation and characterization. The rendemen from methanol extract was 6.07% while the highest partition result was in the ethyl acetate fraction, which was 1.25%. Fractionation was carried out by column chromatography resulting in 2 single spots F401 and A402. Pure isolate F401 has an Rf value of 0.71 in the form of a white solid, A401 has an Rf value of 0.67 in the form of a brown gel. The results of characterization of isolates with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer obtained maximum absorption and absorbance values of F401 218.50 nm 4.79 M-1 cm-1, 273 nm 1.06 M-1 cm-1 respectively. Isolate A402 233.50 nm 4.1 M-1 cm-1, 407 nm 1.03 M-1 cm-1. Identification using FT-IR found that both isolates showed the presence of functional groups =C-H, C-C, C=O, C-H. According to the result of the UV and FT-IR spectra, two isolates can be identified as terpenoid compounds. Keywords: E.spinosum, Secondary Metabolites, Ethyl acetate fraction, UV-VIS, FT-IR
COINTEGRATION AND CONTAGION EFFECT CONVENTIONAL AND SHARIA STOCK INDICES DURING COVID-19
Authors: Novianti Diah , Amalia Feby Ayu 
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has also affected stock price movement all over the world, along with the changes in the economic sector. Many studies have tried to reveal the integration of stock indices worldwide, but little show the Sharia Indices’ movement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzes the cointegration and contagion effect during the pandemic on Conventional and Sharia stock indices in Asia Pacific, China, Malaysia, and Indonesia. This study explores the difference between Sharia and Conventional indices during the COVID-19 pandemic. VAR (Vector Auto-Regressive) and VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) were used to analyze the hypothesis with E-Views 12. The data used in this study was the closing date from each index from 1 July 2018 to 30 June 2022. This study showed no cointegration effect between Sharia indices during the pandemic, but there was a cointegration effect on Conventional indices. During the pandemic, there was a contagion effect on both Shariah and Conventional indices. The results of this study are expected to be a reference basis for promoting the Sharia Stock Market because it is more proven in dealing with crises than the Conventional Stock Market.
Total Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and Antioxidant Activity of Goat's Milk Yoghurt with The Addition Of Red Bran During Refrigeration Storage
Authors: Jangnga Indah Puspadyah , Haskito Ajeng Erika Prihastuti , Sari Citra , Adrenalin Sruti Listra 
Published: October 2023

Background: Goat milk yogurt is a functional food made from processed food of animal origin with the help of LAB fermentation, which is healthy for the body. The utilization of red rice bran flour as an additional ingredient in making yogurt can increase the level of antioxidant activity and become a food fiber content in yogurt. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of refrigerated storage temperatures (4℃) of goat milk yogurt with the addition of red rice bran flour on total LAB and antioxidant activity. Methods: Using a CRD with five treatments and four replications. The treatment included 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of storage. Each treatment group will be calculated for total LAB using the TPC method and antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH method. The data obtained were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA Test followed by the Duncan Test to determine the effect between treatment groups. Results: The results showed that storage time significantly affected (p<0.01) total LAB and antioxidant activity. The results of total LAB successively from 0 to 4 weeks of storage were 8,0 x 108 CFU/ml, 7,8 x 107 CFU/ml, 7,6 x 107 CFU/ml, 6,4 x 106 CFU/ml, and 6,3 x 106 CFU/ml. The results of antioxidant activity successively from 0 to 4 weeks of storage were 534,29 mg/ml, 443,96 mg/ml, 358,61 mg/ml, 282,32 mg/ml, and 230,88 mg/ml. Conclusion: Goat’s milk yogurt with the addition of brown rice bran flour is recommended to be consumed for up to 2 weeks of storage.
PRODUKTIVITAS DAN KUALITAS MADU KELULUT DARI DESA BANGKILING RAYA KABUPATEN TABALONG
Authors: Malik Maulana , Hamidah Siti , Satriadi Trisnu 
Published: October 2023

The stingless bee (kelulut / Trigona iitama) is a type of insect that is increasingly being cultivated in various regions, including in South Kalimantan. The efficacy of kelulut honey is very good and easy in beekeepng techniques is the reason why kelulut beekeeping has the potential to be developed. The purpose of this study was to determine the productivity and quality of kelulut honey at Bangkiling Raya Village, Tabalong Regency. Honey productivity was measured for 4 consecutive months, starting from June 2021 to September 2021. Honey quality was tested based on SNI 8664:2018, namely water content, diastase enzyme activity and reducing sugar. Honey production each month varies between 208 ml per colony to 344 ml per colony. Some parameters of the quality of the honey produced still do not meet SNI, namely water content, HMF and diastase enzyme activity. Parameters that have complied with SNI are reducing sugars. The results of this study indicate that there is a need for improvement in kelulut beekeeping techniques, harvesting techniques and post-harvest handling.Lebah tanpa sengat (Kelulut / Trigona iitama) merupakan jenis serangga yang mulai marak dikembangkan di berbagai daerah, termasuk di Kalimantan Selatan. Manfaat madu yang baik serta kemudahan dalam teknik budidayanya menjadi alasan mengapa kelulut sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur produktivitas dan kualitas madu kelulut yang berasal dari Desa Bangkiling Raya, Kabupaten Tabalong. Produktivitas madu diukur selama 4 bulan berturut-turut, mulai dari Juni 2021 sampai dengan September 2021. Kualitas madu diuji berdasarkan SNI 8664-2018 berupa kadar air, enzim diastase, dan gula pereduksi. Produktivitas madu bervariasi antara 208 ml hingga 344 ml per koloni per bulan. Madu kelulut memiliki kadar air, HMF dan aktivitas enzim diastase yang belum memenuhi SNI, sedangkan untuk parameter gula pereduksi sesuai dengan SNI. Pengembangan lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan seperti teknik budidaya, teknik pemanenan dan penanganan pasca panen.