bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective evaluation of monopolar radiofrequency treatment by patients in aesthetic rejuvenation
Authors: Hwang Yousun , Arayaskul Smith , Vachiramon Vasanop , Yi Kyu‐Ho 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the subjective experiences of patients following monopolar radiofrequency (RF) treatment for facial rejuvenation and anti‐aging purposes.MethodsA study involving 50 female patients (aged 30–70 years, Fitzpatrick skin type III and IV) who received a single session of RF treatment. Exclusion criteria comprised active infections, skin diseases, pregnancy, or history of recent anti‐aging treatments. Thirty‐four patients completed a 10‐question questionnaire after 3 months of treatment.ResultsAmong the respondents, 82% expressed satisfaction with the RF treatment, reporting significant improvements primarily in the mid and lower face, and eyelids. Mainly, patients noted improvements in skin laxity (52.9%), skin texture (17.6%), and skin tone (11.7%). Notably, 73.5% noticed changes within 1–2 months post‐treatment, with the peak effect observed at 1–2 months. Mild complications (swelling and erythema) were reported, usually resolving within a week. The mean pain score was 1.94 (±0.66), indicating mild to moderate discomfort.DiscussionMonopolar RF devices, apply high‐frequency electric currents generating heat, stimulating collagen production for skin tightening. This study's unique focus on detailed subjective patient experiences provides insights valuable in clinical settings, aiding clinicians in managing patient expectations and achieving optimal results. The satisfaction rates align with previous findings, emphasizing RF treatment's efficacy in addressing facial laxity, especially in the mid and lower face. Positive feedback extended beyond skin tightening, encompassing skin texture and tone improvements. While the study's observation period was 3 months post‐treatment, longer‐term studies are warranted for comprehensive assessments.ConclusionThe study underscores the efficacy of monopolar RF device, as a non‐invasive and effective anti‐aging treatment. The findings contribute to diversifying the RF market, potentially aiding clinicians in optimizing patient care. Considering the growing complexity of patient demands and treatment responses, this study serves as a valuable reference for clinicians engaging in RF treatments.
Multispectral near‐infrared spectroscopy study evaluating the effect of razor design on shaving‐induced erythema
Authors: Boodoo Chris , Duta Dragos , Swift Nathan , Hunter Paul , Khimchenko Anna , Leung General , Cross Karen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile shaving‐induced erythema is a common inflammatory skin issue, there is a lack of quantitative information on how well a shaving product performs in this regard. In this study, multispectral near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging was used to quantitatively and qualitatively measure the extent of shaving‐induced erythema. The research compares a safety razor and a cartridge razor to evaluate their impact on skin irritation.Materials and methodsFifty‐nine healthy male volunteers without pre‐existing skin conditions were enrolled. Basic demographics were recorded, and participants' faces or necks were imaged before shaving. Shaving was conducted on the right side of the face/neck with the safety razor and on the left side of the face/neck using the 3‐blade cartridge razor. Images were captured immediately after shaving, at 5 and 10 min post‐shaving.ResultsTissue oxygen saturation (StO2) measurements demonstrated that the safety razor induced significantly less erythema than the cartridge razor. Immediately after shaving, 40.3% of skin shaved with the safety razor had erythema compared to 57.6% for the cartridge razor. At 5 min post‐shaving, 36.5% of skin shaved with the safety razor had erythema, compared to 53.8% of cartridge razor.ConclusionsMultispectral NIRS revealed significant differences in shaving‐induced erythema between safety and cartridge razors. Safety razors demonstrated a lower incidence of erythema, suggesting a potential advantage for individuals prone to skin irritation. This study contributes valuable insights into skin irritation and highlights the potential of multispectral NIRS in dermatology research.
Management of very severe tungiasis cases through repeated community‐based treatment with a dimeticone oil formula: A longitudinal study in a hyperendemic region in Uganda
Authors: McNeilly Hannah , Mutebi Francis , Thielecke Marlene , Reichert Felix , Banalyaki Mike B. , Arono Rebecca , Mukone George , Feldmeier Hermann 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTungiasis (sand flea disease) is a neglected tropical disease that is endemic in Sub‐Saharan Africa and Latin America. Tungiasis causes pain, mobility restrictions, stigmatisation and reduced quality of life. Very severe cases with hundreds of sand fleas have been described, but treatment of such cases has never been studied systematically. During a larger community‐based tungiasis control programme in a hyperendemic region in Karamoja, northeastern Uganda, 96 very severe tungiasis cases were identified and treated with the dimeticone formula NYDA®. They were repeatedly followed‐up and treated again when necessary. The present study traces tungiasis frequency, intensity and morbidity among these 96 individuals over 2 years. At baseline, very severe tungiasis occurred in all age groups, including young children. Throughout the intervention, tungiasis frequency decreased from 100% to 25.8% among the 96 individuals. The overall number of embedded sand fleas in this group dropped from 15,648 to 158, and the median number of embedded sand fleas among the tungiasis cases decreased from 141 to four. Walking difficulties were reported in 96.9% at the beginning and in 4.5% at the end of the intervention. Repeated treatment with the dimeticone formula over 2 years was a successful strategy to manage very severe cases in a hyperendemic community. Treatment of very severe cases is essential to control the spread and burden of tungiasis in endemic communities.
Intimate liminality in Spain's berry industry
Authors: Komposch Nora , Schurr Carolin , Escriva Angels 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSpain's berry industry relies on the agricultural labour of both local and seasonal migrant workers. A significant part of this migrant workforce comprises Moroccan mothers who leave their children with relatives in order to perform this wage labour. The bilateral recruitment regime favours the employment of Moroccan women with children for this labour to ensure that workers return home at the end of the harvesting season. Drawing on multi‐site ethnographic research in Spain and Morocco, this study revealed the effects of this bilateral labour regime on the intimate lives of migrant workers. We argue that the geopolitical prescriptions of this labour migration regime, along with the working and living conditions of migrant workers in Huelva, result in experiences of intimate liminality. We examined these experiences by exploring: (1) how the role of female workers as mothers becomes liminal as transnational labour agreements marginalise and outsource care obligations, (2) how governmental neglect of migrant workers' occupational health exposes them to reproductive health risks and (3) how this neglect places them in a liminal space in terms of access to healthcare, and (4) how, despite their liminality, migrant workers contest precarious conditions through everyday solidarity practices. We advance a feminist approach to liminality, emphasising the importance of an embodied, intersectional, and multiscalar perspective.
Sterile granulomatous panuveitis in dogs in the United Kingdom: A review of 33 cases
Authors: Burgess J. , Scurrell E. , Collier E. , Featherstone H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo describe the clinical and histopathological features of a sterile granulomatous panuveitis syndrome in 33 dogs that underwent enucleation and ocular histopathology.MethodsRetrospective review of the medical records and ocular histopathology reports of 33 cases. Inclusion criteria were enucleation in conjunction with characteristic clinical and histopathological features.ResultsThirteen breeds were represented (including crossbreeds). Panuveitis was acute and fulminating, and secondary glaucoma was common (n = 27). Interval from initial presentation to enucleation was 99 days (median 33 days, range 5–605 days). The mean age at enucleation was 6.7 years. Ocular signs were initially unilateral (n = 18) or bilateral (n = 15). The disease became bilateral in 18/25 cases that initially underwent unilateral enucleation, resulting in enucleation or euthanasia in 9/18 (mean interval of 168 days). Seven out of 59 eyes had a good outcome following topical anti‐inflammatory and systemic immunosuppressive therapy. None of the dogs had travel history nor relevant systemic signs from presentation to follow‐up (mean 619 days, range 16–3012 days). Histopathology revealed histiocytic and lymphoplasmacytic panuveitis with pigment dispersion, and no infectious agents were identified on light microscopy.ConclusionTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a sterile granulomatous panuveitis syndrome in dogs in the UK. The clinical signs are severe, with rapid progression, and can result in bilateral enucleation or euthanasia in affected dogs. There does not appear to be an age or breed predisposition, however further research is necessary in this regard. Early and aggressive intervention, with both topical and systemic immunosuppressive therapy, is recommended to reduce the risk of blindness, enucleation, and euthanasia.
Canine primary liver tumors treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy: A case series
Authors: Chan Qiao Ying Pauline , Morrow Deanna , Lurie David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an increasingly used alternative treatment option for nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in people. Comparatively, the publication of SBRT of dogs with HCC is limited. The objective of this retrospective, descriptive case series was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and toxicity data of SBRT in dogs with HCC and imaging‐documented primary liver tumors using volumetric‐modulated arc therapy delivery at two private institutions. Medical records of 14 dogs treated between 2018 and 2023 were reviewed. All dogs had macroscopic tumors, and 9 of 14 dogs had HCC diagnoses confirmed on cytology or histopathology. The median longest tumor diameter was 5.5 cm. The median percentage of planning target volume relative to liver volume was 27.1%. Most dogs were treated with three daily fractions of 7–7.5 Gy. All dogs completed their radiotherapy protocols. Three of nine HCC dogs experienced partial responses and clinical improvement. Five of nine HCC dogs had stable disease. Overall median survival time was 164 days for nine HCC dogs (range: 93–706 days). One late grade 5 liver and two late grade 3 kidney side effects were reported. One dog received repeated SBRT to the same HCC treatment field, and one dog had two courses of SBRT to bifocal HCC treatment fields, both with no more than grade 2 acute and chronic toxicities.
Beyond drug discovery: Exploring the physiological and methodological dimensions of zebrafish in diabetes research
Authors: Roohi Tamsheel Fatima , Faizan Syed , Shaikh Mohd. Farooq , Krishna Kamsagara Linganna , Mehdi Seema , Kinattingal Nabeel , Arulsamy Alina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is now considered a global epidemic. Chronic diabetes conditions include type 1 and type 2 diabetes, both of which are normally irreversible. As a result of long‐term uncontrolled high levels of glucose, diabetes can progress to hyperglycaemic pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, among many other complications. The complete mechanism underlying diabetes remains unclear due to its complexity. In this scenario, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have arisen as a versatile and promising animal model due to their good reproducibility, simplicity, and time‐ and cost‐effectiveness. The Zebrafish model allows us to make progress in the investigation and comprehension of the root cause of diabetes, which in turn would aid in the development of pharmacological and surgical approaches for its management. The current review provides valuable reference information on zebrafish models, from the first zebrafish diabetes models using genetic, disease induction and chemical approaches, to the newest ones that further allow for drug screening and testing. This review aims to update our knowledge related to diabetes mellitus by gathering the most authoritative studies on zebrafish as a chemical, dietary and insulin induction, and genetic model for diabetes research.
Migraine headache and aura induced by hypoxia
Authors: Al‐Karagholi Mohammad Al‐Mahdi , Arngrim Nanna , Ashina Messoud 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMigraine, a common neurological disorder, impacts over a billion individuals globally. Its complex aetiology involves various signalling cascades. Hypoxia causes headaches such as high‐altitude headache and acute mountain sickness which share phenotypical similarities with migraine. Epidemiological data indicate an increased prevalence of migraine with and without aura in high‐altitude populations. Experimental studies have further shown that hypoxia can induce migraine attacks. This review summarizes evidence linking hypoxia to migraine, delves into potential pathophysiological mechanisms and highlights research gaps.
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Numerical Investigations of Stirring Induced Flow on Solidification and Interface Behavior in Continuous Casting Mold With Bifurcated Nozzle
Authors: Gupta Vipul Kumar , Jha Pradeep Kumar , Jain Pramod Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Electromagnetic stirring (EMS) is a technique that has the potential to improve steel quality with fine microstructure by fragmentation of dendrites and enhancing the inclusion removal. The success of implementing the EMS lies in the selection of key input parameters such as position, frequency, and current density of the stirrer. In the present study, an integrated mathematical model consisting of liquid steel solidification and two phase interface is numerically developed with the use of EMS. The enthalpy porosity and volume of fluid (VOF) model are adopted for numerical modeling analysis of solidification and interface level fluctuation, respectively. The results reveal that on moving EMS downwards decreases the maximum magnetic field value, widens the mushy zone, and promotes the stability of the interface. Current intensity and frequency are seen to have the opposite effect on stirring intensity and interface fluctuation. With an increase in frequency, both stirring intensity and interface level fluctuations decrease while the high liquid fraction region increases. Moreover, current density enhances the swirling flow intensity and homogenizes the liquid fraction, thereby promoting equiaxed grain formation. Interface fluctuation is seen to increase with current density.
Thermo-Fluid-Coupled Analysis of Double Fillet Welds on Tube Membrane Panels During Submerged Arc Welding
Authors: Koo Bon Seung 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to understand the formation of double fillet welds using finite element modeling. This computational study is intended to be an advanced way to predict heat transfer mechanisms in the melt pool prior to empirical testing. AISI 304 austenitic stainless steels are used in this study, and a simplified model of fin-tubes is introduced to simulate submerged arc welding (SAW) on a water wall panel structure. The welding process is numerically implemented by a moving heat source, and the heat distribution is determined by thermo-physical phenomena, e.g., recoil pressure and surface tension due to the welding. Double fillet welding refers to two separate welds which have to be made one by one. A new coordinate system is thus introduced at every starting point of the welding process to overcome geometrical complexities. The computational results are discussed to compare the weld bead estimation with the experimental findings. The melting and evaporation of the metal appear appropriate to explain the formation of weld beads in submerged arc welding since the modeling is in good agreement with the experiments.
Evaluating Hydrogen-Based Moderators in High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors With 5 wt.% Enriched Uranium Annular Fuel Rods
Authors: Wojtaszek Daniel T. , Bromley Blair P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Small modular reactors (SMRs) based on high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) technology are being developed for providing high-temperature process heat and high-efficiency (&gt;40%) electrical power generation. However, most of the HTGR-SMR concepts require high assay low enriched uranium (HALEU) fuel, with enrichments typically above 10 wt.% 235U/U, to get sufficiently high burnup levels and fuel lifetime. The goal of this study is to identify alternative fuel concepts for HTGRs that can achieve sufficiently high burnup and low temperature reactivity coefficients while using uranium with 5 wt.% 235U/U. A previous study has shown that a modified prismatic HTGR fuel assembly with hydrogen-based moderator (7LiH) and cylindrical fuel elements of 5 wt.% 235U/U enriched uranium can greatly reduce fuel consumption of an HTGR. However, such a design concept could lead to positive temperature reactivity coefficients (TRCs), making reactor control more challenging, with reduced passive safety. In this study, variations of the hydrogen-based moderator in this alternative fuel assembly concept are evaluated to identify configurations that achieve negative TRCs, thus improving passive safety characteristics. Calculation results demonstrate that negative TRCs can be achieved with reduced hydrogen mass such that natural uranium consumption is substantially less than that of the tristructural isotropic (TRISO) fuel concept, with comparable or longer core life.
Design and Validation of a Novel Hand-Worn Sensor for Assessment of Dexterity in Neurological Conditions
Authors: Hayden Conor D. , Murray Deirdre , Geraghty Dermot , Meldrum Dara , Hardiman Orla , Murphy Bruce P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Sensitive measurement of hand dexterity is important in many neurological conditions such as Stroke, Parkinson's Disease, or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Current multi-item rating scales and performance-based tests lack sensitivity and contain subjective biases. This paper presents the design and validation of an objective, novel hand-worn dexterity measurement device that digitizes the finger tapping test (FTT), a widely used test in neurological practice. The device was designed to address predefined user needs and design requirements. It comprises two distinct sections, a mechanical system that attaches to a participant's thumb and index finger and an electronic system that captures/transmits data to a secure cloud storage. The accuracy (for four devices) was validated by plotting the known displacements against the calculated displacements, which returned slopes approximately equal to one. A maximum extension force of 0.51 N was required to extend the cord to 200 mm extension. Clinical testing was carried out on a small sample of healthy people (n = 3) and people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (n = 3). Clean datasets were produced from participant's raw data graphs, from which new features describing a participant's FTT were extracted. The proposed dexterity device digitizes the FTT and provides clean, accurate, sensitive, and reliable data.
A global database of Mars-relevant hydrovolcanic environments on Earth with potential biosignature preservation
Authors: Ryan Catheryn H. , Schmidt Mariek E. , Osinski Gordon R. , Massey Erica A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Basaltic hydrovolcanic environments on Earth produce abundant glass (sideromelane), which readily alters and acts as an important source of chemical energy for lithotrophic microorganisms; as such, these sites are significant for potential origins-of-life and early life research. Similar environments were identified on Mars and should be considered potential targets for astrobiological investigation. Pleistocene to recent phreatomagmatic and glaciovolcanic structures on Earth include tuff cones, tuff rings, maars, tuyas, and tindars. Such hydrovolcanic deposits contain abundant glass that is variably hydrothermally altered, and some areas contain published evidence of putative microbial habitation and microbially mediated alteration, including microtubules and granular alteration. We analyzed the literature on terrestrial hydrovolcanic environments and created a global database of 45 volcanic fields on Earth with compositions, alteration histories, and structures relevant to Mars. These sites have geochemistry, mineralogy, and syn- and post-eruptive environmental conditions that make them suitable targets for Mars-analogue astrobiological research. Relevant alteration products include palagonite, zeolites, clays, and calcite.
Seven of these sites have evidence of microbially mediated alteration, which could be considered a useful biosignature in a Mars-analogue context. The sites are Wells Gray–Clearwater Volcanic Field, Canada; Fort Rock Volcanic Field, Western Snake River Plain Volcanic Field, and Upsal Hogback, USA; Reykjanes Volcanic Field and Western Volcanic Zone, Iceland; and Carapace Nunatak, Antarctica. Based on the properties of these already confirmed sites, along with comparing the remaining 38 Earth volcanic fields to volcanic rocks on Mars, we recommend 11 volcanic fields in particular from our database for future investigations: Auckland and South Auckland volcanic fields, New Zealand; O’ahu, Black Rock Desert, and Black Point, USA; Tuya Volcanic Field, Canada; Karapınar Volcanic Field, Türkiye; Vestmannaeyjar Archipelago, Iceland; Llancanelo Volcanic Field, Argentina; São Miguel Volcanic Field, Azores; and Icefall Nunatak, Antarctica.
We recommend reviewing palagonitized tuff samples from these sites for evidence of microbial alteration, in addition to performing geochemical and mineralogical analyses to constrain their magmatic and alteration properties. By studying the rock record of hydrovolcanic environments on Earth to infer habitability and biological alteration, we contribute to establishing the conditions favorable for the origination, survival, and proliferation of life in a Mars-relevant setting.
Bottom-charmed baryons in a nonrelativistic quark model
Authors: Song Qing-Fu , Lü Qi-Fang , Hosaka Atsushi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, we study the low-lying mass spectra for bottom-charmed baryons in a nonrelativistic quark model by solving the three-body Schrödinger equation. The lowest $$\Xi _{bc}$$

Ξ

bc

, $$\Xi _{bc}^\prime $$

Ξ

bc

′

, $$\Omega _{bc}$$

Ω

bc

, and $$\Omega _{bc}^\prime $$

Ω

bc

′

states are predicted to be about 6979, 6953, 7109, and 7092 MeV, respectively. Also, the strong decays for the low-lying excited states are investigated. Our results indicate that some of $$\lambda $$
λ
-mode P-wave bottom-charmed baryons are relatively narrow, which can be searched for in future experiments. For the low-lying $$\rho $$
ρ
-mode and $$\rho -\lambda $$

ρ
-
λ

hybrid states, their strong decays are highly suppressed and they can survive as extremely narrow states. Moreover, the mass spectra and strong decays for bottom-charmed baryons preserve the heavy quark symmetry well. We hope our calculations can provide helpful information for further experimental and theoretical researches.