bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three Settings for German-Nordic Cultural Diplomacy: Nordic Writers, the Deutsch-Nordische Schriftstellerhaus, and National Socialist Internationalism
Authors: Ørskov Frederik Forrai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article adds to the growing research literature on Fascist trans- and internationalism, not least in regard to the relationships between foreign intellectuals and National Socialist cultural policy. It revolves around three interlinked German cultural relations institutions featuring significant involvement from Nordic writers: the Nordic Society, the German-Nordic Writers’ House, and the European Writers’ Union. Covering a period from 1931 to 1942, the article explores institutional links between these institutions and the versions of Nordic-German cultural diplomacy practiced and developed within their auspices. It argues that National Socialist Germany’s northbound cultural diplomatic efforts contained continuities with pre-1933 practices and conceptions, yet also came with significant inner tensions that ultimately impeded them. Navigating institutional, state, and diplomatic interest, as well as differing visions for cultural relations and cultural internationalist legitimacy abroad proved a difficult balancing act for the German cultural diplomatic actors involved.
Intermediary Bodies in International Politics: Conceptual and Historical Observations on Northern Europe’s Small States in the International System in the 19th and 20th Centuries
Authors: Jonas Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The article addresses central problems in the field of small state studies. By revisiting Paul W. Schroeder’s often neglected term “intermediary bodies” in the international system, it attempts to provide a broader conceptual alternative to established categories of description and definition such as “smallness” and “weakness.” In Schroeder’s understanding, intermediary bodies affect the international system beyond functioning as mere buffers. Ultimately, intermediaries influence procedures and outcomes substantially and transcend international politics to another level beyond mere (great) power politics. The subsequent remarks explore the utility and viability of the term by practically applying it to two historical examples: the Danish unitary monarchy within the German Confederation and the role of Finland as an intermediary during, before, and beyond the Cold War. Schroeder’s concept is thereby introduced into varying international contexts and bridges the gap between the history of the 19th century international system and the later modern period.
The Diplomat and the Entrepreneur: Olof Aschberg – Converter of Capital, Trader in Trust
Authors: Marklund Carl , Hellenes Andreas Mørkved 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Swedish financier, philanthropist, and progressive Olof Aschberg played a dynamic, but “forgotten” role in the contacts between international labor, Western finance, and Soviet power across the world wars. We first suggest Aschberg can be studied as a converter of different forms of capital as well as a trader in trust in between the practices of diplomacy and entrepreneurship. We then outline Aschberg’s wide-ranging activities drawing upon existing secondary literature in lieu of a more systematic study of his life. Third, we concentrate on his interwar solidarity work and anti-fascism based in Paris. We analyze, fourth, his cultural diplomacy and publishing activities out of New York in between the Second World War and the early Cold War. Finally, we argue that Aschberg’s multi-positional and variegated vita illustrates the merit of employing entrepreneurship, in its most broad sense, as an analytical category for investigating the art and practice of citizen diplomacy.
Estimation of the Eddy Viscosity Profile in the Sea Surface Boundary Layer from Underway ADCP Observations
Authors: Sentchev Alexei , Yaremchuk Max , Bourras Denis , Pairaud Ivane , Fraunié Philippe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A method of assessing the mean eddy viscosity profile (EVP) in the sea surface boundary layer (SBL) under variable wind conditions is proposed. Performance of the method is tested using observations by an ADCP-equipped platform in the coastal environment of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea under variable (3–12 m s−1) wind conditions. EVP retrievals are made by a variational method strongly constrained by the Ekman dynamics, with the wind and velocity observations assumed to be uncertain within the prescribed error bars. Results demonstrate a reasonable agreement of the EVPs with KPP shape functions for stronger (8–12 m s−1) wind conditions and appear to be consistent with the classical Pacanowski–Philander parameterization of the viscosity profile based on the Richardson number. For weaker (3–5 m s−1) winds, the EVP retrievals turn out to be less accurate, which is primarily attributed to the decay of the wind-driven turbulence energy in the SBL. Feasibility and prospects of the retrieval technique are discussed in the context of uncertainties in the structure of the background flow and limitations of the microstructure and ADCP profiling.
A Real-Time Automated Machine Learning Algorithm for Predicting Mortality in Trauma Patients: Survey Says it’s Ready for Prime-Time
Authors: Park Caroline , Loza-Avalos Sandra E. , Harvey Jalen , Hirschkorn Carol , Dultz Linda A. , Dumas Ryan P. , Sanders Drew , Chowdhry Vikas , Starr Adam , Cripps Michael 
Published: October 2023

Background Though artificial intelligence (“AI”) has been increasingly applied to patient care, many of these predictive models are retrospective and not readily available for real-time decision-making. This survey-based study aims to evaluate implementation of a new, validated mortality risk calculator (Parkland Trauma Index of Mortality, “PTIM”) embedded in our electronic healthrecord (“EHR”) that calculates hourly predictions of mortality with high sensitivity and specificity. Methods This is a prospective, survey-based study performed at a level 1 trauma center. An anonymous survey was sent to surgical providers and regarding PTIM implementation. The PTIM score evaluates 23 variables including Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), vital signs, and laboratory data. Results Of the 40 completed surveys, 35 reported using PTIM in decision-making. Prior to reviewing PTIM, providers identified perceived top 3 predictors of mortality, including GCS (22/38, 58%), age (18/35, 47%), and maximum heart rate (17/35, 45%). Most providers reported the PTIM assisted their treatment decisions (27/35, 77%) and timing of operative intervention (23/35, 66%). Many providers agreed that PTIM integrated into rounds and patient assessment (22/36, 61%) and that it improved efficiency in assessing patients’ potential mortality (21/36, 58%). Conclusions Artificial intelligence algorithms are mostly retrospective and lag in real-time prediction of mortality. To our knowledge, this is the first real-time, automated algorithm predicting mortality in trauma patients. In this small survey-based study, we found PTIM assists in decision-making, timing of intervention, and improves accuracy in assessing mortality. Next steps include evaluating the short- and long-term impact on patient outcomes.
Comparison of Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty and Milligan-Morgan Hemorrhoidectomy Techniques in the Treatment of Grade 2 and 3 Hemorrhoidal Disease
Authors: Cemil Adas , Ugur Kesici , Salih Genc M. , Merve Karadag , Guray Duman M. , Emine Boluk S. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction The estimated prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease (HD) worldwide ranges from 2.9% to 27.9%. Conservative, medical, non-operative, and surgical therapy approaches are applied in HD treatment. Milligan-Morgan (MM) hemorrhoidectomy which is the most well-known and frequently applied surgical treatment method, and Laser hemorrhoidoplasty (LH) are among the accepted treatment methods in Grade 2-3 HD treatment where medical treatment is insufficient. Purpose In this study, the early results of laser hemorrhoidoplasty and Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy techniques were compared. Material and Methods A randomized clinical trial. The study included ASA 1-3, total 85 patients aged 18-70 years old with symptomatic Grade 2 and Grade 3 hemorrhoidal disease whose symptoms persisted despite at least one month of medical treatment. Fifty-four patients were allocated to Group L, whereas 31 were allocated to Group M. Age, gender, weight, body mass index, preoperative symptoms, presence of additional disease, use of anticoagulant medication, and length of hospital stay of the patients included in the study were recorded. Rescue analgesic used was recorded. Postoperative VAS score and complications were recorded within 10 days. The total energy numbers applied to all packages were recorded. Results The incidence of minor perioperative hemorrhage was significantly lower in Group L compared to Group M ( P = .035). The postoperative 3rd-hour VAS scores were statistically significantly lower in Group L compared to Group ( P < .001). At the 3rd hour postoperatively, the need for rescue analgesia was statistically significantly higher in Group M compared to Group L. On the seventh postoperative day, Group M needed considerably more rescue analgesia compared to Group L ( P < .001, P = 1.00, P = .035, respectively). The cut-off value of 571 J was calculated in Group L. Conclusion We believe that it is not an advantageous method compared to MM hemorrhoidectomy, both in terms of patient comfort and cost-effectiveness, since postoperative pain, which is shown as the most important advantage of LH over conventional hemorrhoidectomy methods in the literature, can be relieved with simple NSA-I rescue analgesia in patients undergoing MM. Trial Registration: 03.06.2021/21-63.
Sexual exchanges explain the association between attachment insecurities and sexual satisfaction in long-term couples
Authors: Péloquin Katherine , Byers E. Sandra , Beaulieu Noémie , Bergeron Sophie , Brassard Audrey 
Published: October 2023

Although attachment insecurity has been linked to sexual dissatisfaction in cross-sectional research, little is known about the mechanisms by which attachment is associated with sexual satisfaction over time. This study examined the role of attachment insecurities in sexual satisfaction over time using the Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction (IEMSS) as a theoretical framework. Participants were 151 Canadian mixed-gender couples in a long-term relationship ( M = 9.7 years) who completed questionnaires at two time points. The results demonstrate that sexual exchanges explained the associations between attachment insecurities (anxiety and avoidance) and sexual satisfaction in both men and women in long-term relationships, although the specific pathways differed by gender. These results are discussed in the context of the IEMSS and attachment theory.
A novel view to varicose veins pathogenesis: Proteomic profiling suggests a pivotal role of extracellular matrix degradation
Authors: Urbonavicius Sigitas , Srinanthalogen Reshaabi , Sandermann Jes , Valius Mindaugas , Kaupinis Algirdas , Ludvigsen Maja 
Published: October 2023

Introduction Although morphological and anatomical studies indicate that venous wall weakening and subendothelial fibrosis characterize varicose veins (VV), the pathogenesis of VV remains poorly understood. The aim of this study is to obtain protein expression profiles in patients with VV and thereby get a step closer to understanding the pathogenesis of VV. Methods Specimens were obtained from total of 10 patients, that is, from 5 patients undergoing VV surgical stripping and from 5 non-VV patients undergoing bypass surgery. Specimens were collected from the same layers of venous wall. Proteins were extracted from each specimen and analyzed by ion mobility spectrometry (IMS-MS). In total, 1387 were identified and 486 proteins were identified in all samples. From these, 15 proteins were differentially expressed between VV and non-VV samples ( p < .05) and 12 of these showed a fold change >1.5. Results Interestingly, among the differentially expressed proteins, only two proteins were significantly increased in the VV tissue, that is, GAPDH ( p = .028, fold change 2.74), where several proteins involved in maintaining the homeostasis in the extracellular matrix, that is, the CXXC zinc finger protein 5 ( CXXC5) and nucleoporin ( SEH1) were prominently downregulated ( p = .049, fold change 37.8, and p = .040, fold change 3.46). The downregulation in protein expression of CXXC5 and SEH1 as well as upregulation of GAPDH were validated by Western blotting. Conclusion The identified differentially expressed proteins suggest an altered profile of the connective tissue proteins as well as an increased proteolytic enzyme activity which both may be central in the pathophysiology of varicose veins.
Identify the influences of systemic lupus erythematosus on acquired ADAMTS13-deficient thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhang Jian 
Published: October 2023

Background The association between acquired ADAMTS13-deficient thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been studied; however, the underlying molecular causes remain poorly understood. This research aimed to employ bioinformatics approaches to elucidate potential molecular mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of SLE and aTTP. Material and methods The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database yielded GSE121239 and GSE36418 to get mutual different expression genes (DEGs). Subsequently, DEGs were subjected to process Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Then, the DEGs were used for protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis and screened for hub genes and drugs by the DGIDB drug database. Results A total of 87 DEGs between the SLE and TTP datasets were identified. In the GO and KEGG analyses, DEGs were mainly enriched in the “regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II” and “signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells.” After a PPI analysis, three hub genes (BMPR2, SMAD5, and ATF2) were identified. Finally, two drugs targeted to ATF2 were predicted by the DGIDB drug database. Conclusions Three core genes were linked to the molecular pathogenesis of SLE and aTTP, and two drugs may be viable treatments for both diseases.
Advanced Cancer in Young Adults (YAs): Living in a Liminal Space
Authors: Avery Jonathan , Campbell Kristin L. , Mosher Pamela , Al-Awamer Ahmed , Goddard Karen , Edwards Annemarie , Burnett Laura , Hannon Breffni , Gupta Abha , Howard A. Fuchsia 
Published: October 2023

Young adults (YAs), defined as individuals between the ages of 18 and 39 years, experience unique challenges when diagnosed with advanced cancer. Using the social constructivist grounded theory approach, we aimed to develop a theoretical understanding of how YAs live day to day with their diagnosis. A sample of 25 YAs (aged 22–39 years) with advanced cancer from across Canada participated in semi-structured interviews. Findings illustrate that the YAs described day-to-day life as an oscillating experience swinging between two opposing disease outcomes: (1) hoping for a cure and (2) facing the possibility of premature death. Oscillating between these potential outcomes was characterized as living in a liminal space wherein participants were unsure how to live from one day to the next. The participants oscillated at various rates, with different factors influencing the rate of oscillation, including inconsistent and poor messaging from their oncologists or treatment team, progression or regression of their cancer, and changes in their physical functioning and mental health. These findings provide a theoretical framework for designing interventions to help YAs adapt to their circumstance.
Out-of-hours admissions in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and their primary management with steroids
Authors: Awan Sidra , Bharucha Pooja , Steventon Luke , Simpson Helen , AHMAD Tanya , Benafif Sarah , Shaw Heather , Chambers Pinkie 
Published: October 2023

Introduction The incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is well described. However, the impact on emergency care services is not. This study investigated the incidence of irAEs out-of-hours, and the management used to mitigate symptoms and side effects. Methods This retrospective cohort study reviewed all emergency presentations triaged by the acute oncology team between December 2021 and June 2022, between 5 pm and 9 am. Patients were identified from triage audit sheets and remaining data points were retrieved from electronic health records. Inclusion criteria included all adult patients admitted on an ICI at one tertiary centre. Results In 7 months, 970 patients called the acute oncology helpline 11% (n = 109) of patients were on an ICI treatment. After clinical review, 78% (n = 70) resulted in hospital admissions, with length of stay cumulating to 496 bed days. 56% (n = 39) of patients delayed reporting symptoms, ranging between 12 hours and 10 days from symptom onset to seeking support. 49% (n = 34) patients received steroids to manage suspected irAEs. Dexamethasone was the most common steroid used in 71% (n = 24) of patients, and variation was found in prescribed doses. Conclusions These results underline the urgent need to address patient and staff education on adverse effects related to ICI. Patients require a comprehensive understanding of the symptoms and importance of prompt reporting. Staff education on recognition and treatment management is needed to reduce variation in practice. Further research is needed to identify barriers in symptom reporting and focus on realtime reporting to reduce the out-of-hours burden on services.
Comparison of Body Composition Variables between Post-Bariatric Surgery Patients and Non-Operative Controls
Authors: Tangjittrong Sirinrat , Udomsawaengsup Suthep , Boonchaya-anant Patchaya 
Published: October 2023

Background: Since bariatric surgery results in massive weight loss, it may be associated with a disproportionate decrease in lean body mass. Objective: To evaluate body composition in post-bariatric surgery patients who had a successful weight loss at 12 months (>50% excess weight loss) with comparisons to healthy controls who were matched for age, sex and BMI. Methods: This is an observational analytic study using data from post-bariatric surgery patients who had laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Patients who had percentage excessive weight loss (%EWL) >50% and achieved a BMI of <30 kg/m2 within 12 months after the surgery were included. Non-operative healthy controls matched for sex, age, and BMI (1:1) were recruited. The 12-month post-bariatric surgery BMI was used to match the BMI of the control subjects. A single bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (Inbody 770) machine was used for the entire study. Results: Sixty participants were included in this study. There are 30 post-bariatric surgery patients (female n = 19, male n = 11) and 30 non-operative controls (female n = 19, male n = 11). The 12-month post-bariatric surgery patients had lower percentage of body fat (PBF) (30.6% vs 35.9%, P-value .001) and trunk fat mass (10.3 vs 12.4 kg, P-value .04) than non-operative controls. The 12-month post-bariatric surgery patients also were found to have more soft lean mass (SLM) (47.7 vs 39.9 kg, P-value .001), fat free mass (FFM) (51.1 vs 42.3 kg, P-value .001), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (27.5 vs 23 kg, P-value .003), and trunk lean mass (21.2 vs 19 kg, P-value .02). Conclusion: Despite the significant reductions in all body composition variables in post-bariatric surgery patients at 12-month follow-up, both fat free mass and skeletal muscle mass were found to be higher in the surgical patients compared to the control group. Clinical trials: Thai Clinical Trials Registry, https://thaiclinicaltrials.org/ ID:TCTR20200223003
Single-Center Experience With Inner-Branched Endograft for the Treatment of Pararenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Yazar Ozan , Huysmans Michaël , Lacquet Mathieu , Salemans Pieter B. , Wong Chun-Yu , Bouwman Lee H. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To report a single-center result of patients with pararenal aneurysms treated with inner-branched endograft. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed prospectively collected data of patients treated with elective inner-branched endovascular aneurysm repair (iBEVAR) using an Artivion® E-xtra custom-made endograft. Primary endpoints were clinical and technical success after iBEVAR. Secondary endpoints were overall survival, target vessel patency during follow-up, aneurysm-related mortality, and freedom from reintervention. Results: Over a 56-month period, a total of 23 patients (19 men; 72.3±7.2 years) were treated with iBEVAR with a mean follow-up of 15 months. Technical success was achieved in 96% of procedures, incorporating 87 inner branches. Two (8.3%) intraoperative complications (target vessel dissection) were reported, without additional reinterventions needed. Two (8.3%) patients died within 30 days after initial procedure. One due to respiratory failure and the other from an ischemic stroke. During follow-up, 3 patients (13%) required reintervention, either to repair a type I or type III endoleak (n=2) or to place an iliac-branched device, that did not succeed during the initial iBEVAR procedure (n=1). Primary target vessel patency and freedom from reintervention during follow-up was, respectively, 98.9% and 87%. We revealed no aneurysm-related mortality. Overall survival was 78.3%. Conclusion: The present study confirms previous findings that iBEVAR on the Artivion® E-xtra design platform is an effective and safe procedure achieving high technical success rate in the treatment of pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysms. Clinical Impact Inner branched stent-graft configuration combines the benefits of FEVAR and outer-branched stent-graft technology. Implementation of inner branches in stent-grafts is gradually becoming more widespread for the treatment of aneurysms. This report supports the safe and high technical success rate of inner branched stent-grafts in treatment of pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Screening for Subclavian Artery Stenosis
Authors: Sommerset Jill , Lee Chungeun , Sigmund Alexis , Rao Priyanka , Feliciano Beejay , Vea Yolanda , Teso Desarom , Karmy-Jones Riyad 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Subclavian artery stenosis of >50% has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity, complications after carotid interventions, and difficulty in managing hypertension. This has led to increased emphasis on screening for these lesions. In addition, these lesions may be associated with upper extremity symptoms including claudication and pain at rest. Methods: A retrospective review of patients who were referred over a 2-year period for arm pain in the setting of suspected or proven subclavian artery stenosis or occlusion was performed. This was compared to an unmatched cohort of patients who underwent carotid artery duplex with subclavian artery duplex for other reasons. Data included measuring the interbrachial systolic pressure difference (>15 and >20 mm Hg), arm-arm index, and hand acceleration time (HAT). Results: Among the172 patients studied, 48 had subclavian artery stenosis or occlusion and 26 of these had corresponding symptoms. Female gender ( P = .012), history of coronary intervention ( P = .007), hypertension ( P = .039), and arm-arm index of <0.9 ( P = .0001) were significantly associated with subclavian artery stenosis or occlusion. A HAT of >100 milliseconds was significantly associated with symptomatic subclavian artery stenosis or occlusion. Conclusions: An arm-arm index of <0.9 is a useful tool for screening for subclavian artery stenosis. In patients with subclavian artery stenosis, HAT may be useful in confirming that the arm symptoms are due to this particular lesion.