bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Peptidomimetics via Ugi Reactions
Authors: Liu Chao , Voskressensky Leonid G. , Van der Eycken Erik V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPeptidomimetics have been extensively explored in many area due to their ability to improve pharmacological qualities and interesting biological activities. Cycles could be incorporated in peptides to reduce their flexibility, often enhancing the affinity for a certain receptor. Many efforts have been made to synthesize various peptidomimetics. Among them, the Ugi reaction is a popular way for the synthesis of peptidomimetics because it provides peptide‐like products. The Ugi reaction consists of the condensation of an aldehyde or ketone, a carboxylic acid, an amine, and an isocyanide usually giving a linear peptidomimetic. In order to obtain other linear, cyclic or polycyclic peptidomimetics, the acyclic products have to undergo additional transformations or cyclizations. This review covers the years from 2018–2023, regarding the synthesis of linear, cyclic and polycyclic peptidomimetics, employing Ugi reactions eventually followed by post‐Ugi transformations. Organo‐catalyzed reactions, base‐promoted reactions, and metal‐free reactions toward peptidomimetics are highlighted.
The effect of climate change on crop yield anomaly in Europe
Authors: Schmidt Miriam , Felsche Elizaveta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEvery human needs sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to live an active and healthy life. Climate change, especially more frequent extreme climate events, increasingly affects crop yields. Unpredictable losses in crop production pose a high risk to our food systems, thus threatening agricultural producers and consumers worldwide. This study analyzes the effect of climate change on wheat, maize, and barley yield anomalies for the major producing countries in the EU. Applying the Random Forest machine learning model, climate indicators, comprising mean and extreme climate conditions, explain 18% of crop yield anomalies across crops and countries from 1961 to 2020. The predictive power of climate indicators is highest for maize with 24%, followed by barley with 22% and wheat with 3%. However, mean climate indicators are stronger associated with crop yield anomalies than extreme climate indicators. Temperature‐ and soil moisture–related indicators are more important than precipitation‐related indicators. The results reveal a nonlinear relationship between climate indicators and crop yields. Thresholds lead to a sharp decrease or increase in crop yields. Under SSP3‐7.0, rising temperatures tend to increase crop yield losses until 2100 without effective adaptation measures. The impact of changing soil moisture–related indicators depends on crop and country. Our study discusses adaptation strategies but also emphasizes the relevance of global mitigation efforts to reduce climate‐induced crop risk and to improve our food system's resilience.
Impact of pretransplant minimal residual disease in patients with multiple myeloma and a very good partial response or better receiving autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Pasvolsky Oren , Pasyar Sarah , Bassett Roland L. , Khan Hina N. , Tanner Mark R. , Bashir Qaiser , Srour Samer , Saini Neeraj , Lin Paul , Ramdial Jeremy , Nieto Yago , Lee Hans C. , Patel Krina K. , Kebriaei Partow , Thomas Sheeba K. , Weber Donna M. , Orlowski Robert Z. , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Champlin Richard E. , Qazilbash Muzaffar H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic significance of minimal residual disease (MRD) status before autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autoHCT) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has not been clearly elucidated.MethodsRetrospective single‐center study of adult MM patients who achieved ≥very good partial response (VGPR) after induction therapy from 2015 to 2021 received upfront autoHCT and had available pretransplant MRD status by next‐generation flow cytometry. The cohort was divided into pretransplant MRD‐negative (MRDneg) and MRD‐positive (MRDpos) groups.ResultsA total of 733 patients were included in our analysis; 425 were MRDneg and 308 MRDpos at autoHCT. In the MRDpos group, more patients had high‐risk cytogenetic abnormalities (48% vs. 38%, respectively; p = .025), whereas fewer patients achieved ≥CR before autoHCT (14% vs. 40%; p < .001). At day 100 after autoHCT, 37% of the MRDpos versus 71% of the MRDneg achieved ≥CR, and at best posttransplant response 65% versus 88% achieved ≥CR, respectively. After a median follow‐up of 27.6 months (range, 0.7–82.3), the median PFS was significantly shorter for patients in the MRDpos group compared to the MRDneg group: 48.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3–80.5) versus 80.1 months (95% CI, 0.5–80.1), respectively (p < .001). There was no significant difference in overall survival between the two groups (p = .41). Pretransplant MRDpos status was predictive of shorter PFS in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.31–2.46; p < .001). The impact of pretransplant MRD status was retained in most of the examined subgroups.ConclusionsIn patients achieving ≥VGPR to induction, pretransplant MRDpos status was associated with a lower CR rate after autoHCT and a shorter PFS.
Organo‐Photoredox Catalyzed C(sp3)−H Bond Arylation of Aliphatic Amides
Authors: Yi Yaping , Xi Chanjuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA C(sp3)−H bond arylation of aliphatic amides has been achieved via organophotoredox catalysis. The reaction could be realized at room temperature with visible light source and metal‐free catalyst. Quinuclidine is employed as an efficient HAT reagent and a range of aliphatic amides is employed as both substrate and solvent in the reaction. This photocatalyzed transformation provides a convenient protocol to afford a board range of N‐benzyl amides.
Comprehensive LC‐MS/MS phenolic profiling of Arum elongatum plant and bioaccessibility of phenolics in their infusions
Authors: Ozkan Gulay , Sakarya Fatma Betul , Akdas Aslı , Atalar Mehmet Nuri , Aydoğan Cemil , Yurt Bayram , Capanoglu Esra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractArum elongatum has various bioactive compounds including phenolic acids and flavonoids that may have beneficial effects on human health. The main objectives of this study were to determine the phenolic profile of the A. elongatum plant together with the total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), and total antioxidant capacities of A. elongatum infusions throughout gastrointestinal digestion. The samples used in the present study were obtained from two cities (C1 and C2) in Türkiye. According to the results, while the primary compounds found in sample C1 were vanillic acid (51.29 ± 2.61 ng/mg), p‐coumaric acid (48.36 ± 2.84 ng/mg) and O‐coumaric acid (156.02 ± 0.67 ng/mg); chlorogenic acid (50.63 ± 0.65 ng/mg), scutellarin (144.34 ± 0.74 ng/mg), and O‐coumaric acid (53.34 ± 0.97 ng/mg) were the major compounds in C2 sample showing the differences between different locations. In addition to these, although both TPC and TFC values for C2 infusion (2960 ± 104 mg GAE/100 g and 397 ± 50 mg CE/100 g, respectively) were found to be higher than the infusion of sample C1, there were no significant differences between the TPC and TFC results after intestinal digestion (p > 0.05). Besides, TPC of the bioaccessible fractions of these two samples didn't show a significant difference (p > 0.05), whereas C1 infusion (202 ± 21%) presented a higher value than the C2 infusion (143 ± 12%) for their bioaccessible TFC value. Our results indicated that A. elongatum infusion may be a potential herbal tea due to its rich phenolic content, making it a suitable substitute for widely used herbal teas.
The Fragile State of Industrial Agriculture: Estimating Crop Yield Reductions in a Global Catastrophic Infrastructure Loss Scenario
Authors: Moersdorf Jessica , Rivers Morgan , Denkenberger David , Breuer Lutz , Jehn Florian Ulrich 
Published: December 2023

AbstractModern civilization relies on a complex, globally interconnected industrial agriculture system to produce food. Its unprecedented yields hinge on external inputs like machinery, fertilizers, and pesticides, rendering it vulnerable to disruptions in production and international trade. Such a disruption could be caused by large‐scale damage to the electrical grid. Solar storms, nuclear detonations in the upper atmosphere, pandemics, or cyber‐attacks, could cause this severe damage to electrical infrastructure. To assess the impact of such a global catastrophic infrastructure loss on major food crops (corn, rice, soybean, wheat), we employ a generalized linear model. The predictions show a crop‐specific yield reduction between 15% and 37% in phase 1, the year after the catastrophe, assuming rationed use of fertilizers, pesticides, and fuel stocks. In phase 2, when all stocks are depleted, yields decrease by 35%–48%. Soybean is less affected in phase 1, while all crops experience strong declines in phase 2. Europe, North and South America, and parts of India, China, and Indonesia face major yield reductions, potentially up to 75%, while most African countries are less affected. These findings underscore the necessity for preparation by highlighting the vulnerability of the food system.
How to facilitate the introduction of value‐based payment models?
Authors: Leao Diogo L. L. , Pavlova Milena , Groot Wim N. J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractValue‐based payment (VBP) models are designed and implemented to improve outcomes at the same or lower costs. Their adoption requires significant changes in the way healthcare organisations and insurance companies operate. Usually, before VBP models are widely implemented, pilot projects are conducted. Payers need to have a comprehensive set of requirements to enter into agreements with healthcare organisations on these pilots. In this short communication, we outline key elements reported in the literature, inside and outside healthcare organisations, as well as within the contract, that need to be considered in a pilot VBP model. Discussions regarding the introduction of VBP models may be strongly affected by external contextual factors, including regulations, which are outside the control of healthcare organisations. It requires collaboration between organisations, including primary care organisations and hospitals, while within organisations, it frequently requires creating multidisciplinary teams. The focus is on ensuring transparency, collaboration, and shared decision‐making, realised by standardising communication processes and regular meetings. Additionally, effective leadership is needed, in which leaders set goals and priorities, as well as manage change. In the contractual agreements between payers and healthcare organisations, outcome measures need to be adequately defined and measured, including individual patient outcomes and composite scores, as well as absolute and relative performance measures. These measures should be tested periodically and catered to the organisations adopting the model. Also, incentives should have adequate size and frequency and be intrinsic and extrinsic. The consideration of these sets of key elements by the payers is essential when implementing VBP model pilot projects.
European Health Union: An emergent reality
Authors: Fronteira Inês , Magalhães João Paulo , Ferrinho Paulo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this article we argue that the Member States of the European Union (EU) have consistently, since its inception, developed a shared framework to measure, monitor and intervene to improve the health status of its population, while invoking the subsidiarity principle for the health sector. As a result, a European Health Union (EHU) has been emerging insidiously and consistently, following the concept of a system for health. Using the World Health Organisation Building Blocks Framework, we analyse the normative and institutional developments related to EU citizens' health that have created a de facto EHU. Developments towards an EHU remain unequally distributed among the different building blocks analysed. The existing EHU is the result of a fragmented and incremental process, mostly grounded in governance, health intelligence and services' development. Health crisis, the Commission's agenda‐setting activities and market pressures have been the most important push factors for these step‐by‐step processes.
Prevalence of indeterminate tuberculosis interferon‐gamma release assays in COVID‐19 patients: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ben Tekaya Aicha , Jerbi Ameni , Ben Sassi Mouna , Mokaddem Salma , Mahmoud Ines , Dziri Chedli , Abdelmoula Leila 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe reliability of interferon‐gamma‐release‐assays (IGRAs) for tuberculosis (TB) testing in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients is unknown. This study aimed to systematically review the prevalence of indeterminate TB‐IGRA following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or vaccination and to review associated factors.MethodsThis systematic literature review was guided according to the PRISMA guidelines by searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Clinicalkey, and Cochrane Library. Studies reporting results of TB‐IGRA tests (QuantiFERON [QFT]‐TB, T‐SPOT.TB) in COVID‐19 patients or vaccines were included. The random effects model was used to assess the prevalence of indeterminate IGRA results. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the Τ2 and 95% predictive interval.ResultsOf the 273 citations screened, 12 articles were included in the final analysis including a total of 2107 patients. The overall pooled effect size proportion of indeterminate QFT‐TB results, estimated in eight studies using the QFT‐TB Plus assay, was 0.26 (95% CI: 0.205−0.324, Τ2 = 0.158). The mean true effect size was 0.26 (95% predictive interval: [0.110−0.500]). A subgroup analysis was not undertaken due to the small number of studies. Indeterminate QFT‐TB rates were associated with COVID‐19 severity, steroid treatment, inflammation‐related parameters, neutrophilia, and lymphopenia.ConclusionIndeterminate QFT‐TB results in COVID‐19 patients occur in almost one‐quarter of tests performed. Further studies are needed to assess associated factors.
Marital status and suicidal behavior in South Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Arafat S. M. Yasir , Menon Vikas , Khan Md Abdullah Saeed , Htay Mila Nu Nu , Singh Rakesh , Biyyala Deepika , Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Mynampally Keerthana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe connection between marital status and suicidal behavior has been poorly assessed in South Asia. We aimed to see the proportion of marital status in individuals with suicidal behavior in South Asian countries.MethodsWe followed PRISMA guidelines and registered the protocol in advance (PROSPERO 2023 CRD42023399906). A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO. Meta‐analyses were performed to pool the proportion of married individuals with suicidal behavior (total [suicide + suicide attempts], suicide, and suicide attempt) in South Asian countries. We considered suicidal behavior consist of suicide and suicide attempts (nonfatal).ResultsOur search identified 47 studies for this review from 6 countries published from 1999 to 2022 with a sample size ranging from 27 to 89,178. The proportion of married individuals was 55.4% (95% CI: 50.1–60.5) for suicidal behavior, 52.7% (95% CI: 44.5–60.7) for suicides, and 43.1 (95% CI: 32.9–53.9) for suicide attempts. The proportion of married persons among suicide attempts varied significantly across countries (p = 0.016) which was highest (61.8%; 95% CI: 57.2–66.2) in India, followed by Bangladesh (52.5%; 95% CI: 41.8%–62.9%) and Pakistan (45.1%; 95% CI: 30.9–59.9). The pooled proportions did not differ significantly in relation to the quality of the studies (p = 0.633).ConclusionThis review identified married persons died more than others by suicide in South Asian countries while single persons attempted suicide than married. As the current study did not assess any cause‐and‐effect association, a cautious interpretation is warranted while considering married marital status as a risk factor.
Thermodynamic and structural investigation of the interaction of quaternized 2,3‐octakis‐[(2‐mercaptopyridine)phthalocyaninato] copper (II) sulfate (CuPc) with parallel and hybrid type G‐quadruplex
Authors: Şahin Gamze , Bağda Esra , Göktuğ Temiz Özge , Bağda Efkan , Ayhan Ebubekir , Durmuş Mahmut 
Published: December 2023

AbstractG‐quadruplexes are important drug targets and get attention due to their existence in telomere, ribosomal DNA, promoter regions of some oncogenes, and the untranslated regions of mRNA. Due to the biological roles of G‐quadruplexes, investigating of the G‐quadruplex–small molecule interaction is essential. The primary motivation for these studies is the possibility of inhibiting cell functions associated with G‐quadruplex sequences by binding with small molecules. Targeting the small molecules to desired tissue with the G‐quadruplex vehicles is the second important goal of the G‐quadruplex–small molecule interaction studies. In the present study, the new peripherally 2‐mercaptopyridine octasubstituted copper(II) phthalocyanine and its quaternized derivative (CuPc) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis FT‐IR, UV–Vis, and mass spectra. The excellent solubility of CuPc in water is essential for its transport in the organism. Because of this feature, its affinity toward G‐quadruplex forming aptamers, AS1411, Tel21, and Tel45, was investigated. The UV–Vis spectrophotometric titration data confirmed the prevention of aggregation upon interaction with G‐quadruplex, which is very important for biomedical applications. The CD spectroscopic analyses and binding stoichiometry confirmed the “end stacking” model for interaction of AS1411 with CuPc. The interaction of CuPc caused the equilibrium shift from hybrid conformation to antiparallel conformation for Tel21 and Tel45. The isothermal titration calorimeter (ITC) was used for the determination of thermodynamic parameters. The thermodynamic data of the interaction was fitted well with the one‐site model. The negative values of Gibbs free energy change confirmed the spontaneous nature of the reactions. Besides, the negative values of enthalpy change and entropy change proved that the nature of processes was “enthalpy driven.” The interaction stoichiometry was 2 for AS1411 and Tel21 and 1.5 for Tel45. The binding constants were 1.3(±0.3) × 105, 3.2(±0.4) × 105, and 1.1(±0.3) × 105 M−1, which were at the level of ethidium bromide intercalation binding constant given in the literature. The DNA polymerase stop assay further supported the interaction of CuPc with G‐quadruplex DNA. The experimental results confirm that the CuPc has a potential photosensitizer behaviour for photodynamic therapy.
Red fox trap success is correlated with piping plover chick survival
Authors: Robinson Samantha G. , Black Kathleen M. , Catlin Daniel H. , Wails Christy N. , Karpanty Sarah M. , Bellman Henrietta , Oliver Katie W. , Ritter Shannon J. , Fraser James D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPredation management is an important component of managing species of conservation concern. The piping plover (Charadrius melodus; plover), a disturbance‐dependent and conservation‐reliant shorebird that nests on sandy beaches and barrier islands on the Atlantic Coast, was listed under the United States Endangered Species Act in 1986, with habitat loss and predation stated as key causes of its decline. We evaluated the relationship between a suite of predators and plover chick survival from 2015–2018. We used a camera grid to establish indices of the abundance of 3 known chick predators: red fox (Vulpes vulpes), raccoon (Procyon lotor), and domestic cat. We used camera detections in a survival model to assess potential relationships between predator species detection and plover chick survival. Plover chick survival was negatively related with red fox detection, but not with detection of the other 2 predators. In addition to the correlation with red fox detections, chick survival was negatively related to high plover nesting density. Our results suggest that red foxes were predators of piping plover chicks during our study, likely augmented by other density‐dependent sources of mortality. Targeted predator management could aid in conservation of piping plovers in this system as a short‐term solution, but long‐term recovery plans must also address habitat limitation.
Academic misconduct, fake authorship letters, cyber fraud: Evidence from the International Political Science Review
Authors: Stockemer Daniel , Reidy Theresa 
Published: December 2023

Key points
This article highlights two types of publishing fraud: fake acceptance letter and financial fraud.
Prepared by a third party, fake acceptance letters affirm that a paper, which we had never received before, has been accepted by IPSR.
In the financial fraud case, a third party pretends to be an editor of IPSR, sends out authentic looking fake acceptance letters and then solicits authors to pay an article processing fee (APC).
Living with dizziness impacts health‐related quality of life among older adults
Authors: Lindell Ellen , Odhagen Erik , Tuomi Lisa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare older adults reporting dizziness to those not reporting dizziness regarding health‐related quality of life (HRQL), distress due to dizziness, and balance confidence. A secondary aim was to investigate potential association between HRQL, number of falls, balance confidence, and distress due to dizziness.MethodsPatients coming for bone density measurements answered questions regarding occurrence of dizziness. Patients reporting dizziness on a daily or weekly basis were considered eligible and invited for investigation at the Ear, Nose and Throat clinic at Södra Älvsborg Hospital, Sweden. Patients not reporting dizziness were considered eligible as controls. All patients answered the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Activity Balance Confidence Scale (ABC‐scale), and Euro‐QoL‐5D‐3L questionnaires.ResultsA total of 55 dizzy patients came for physical investigation and answered the questionnaires and 47 non‐dizzy participants only answered the questionnaires. The dizzy participants reported lower levels of balance confidence, lower HRQL, more prior falls, and higher levels of distress due to dizziness than the non‐dizzy controls. Lower levels of balance confidence and higher level of distress due to dizziness were each associated with lower HRQL.ConclusionDizziness, unsteadiness, and low balance confidence are associated with HRQL in a negative way. This is important to consider when measuring HRQL in a senior population, since a sensation of unsteadiness may indirectly contribute to low HRQL together with other symptoms.Level of evidence2b.