bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS ON THE GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN COLONIC CARCINOMA CELL LINESIN VITRO
Authors: SIAVOSHIAN SAMILA , BLOTTIÈRE HERVÉ M , LE FOLL ERIC , KAEFFER BERTRAND , CHERBUT CHRISTINE , GALMICHE JEAN‐PAUL 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of acetate, propionate, butyrate, iso‐butyrate, valerate, iso‐valerate and caproate on cell growth and on the activities of alkaline phosphatase (AP) and dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DPP IV) by three human colonic adenocarcinoma cell lines. In addition to butyrate, propionate and valerate inhibited cell proliferation of the three cell lines. The other SCFAs did not influence cell proliferation. AP and DPP IV activities were strongly stimulated by butyrate on two of the three cell lines. On HT‐29, AP was strongly stimulated, however DPPIV expression remained undetectable. Propionate and valerate exhibited a weaker stimulation, the other SCFAs being ineffective. The effect of SCFAs on cell proliferation and differentiation clearly depends on the number of carbons and on the configuration of the basic structure of the molecule.
DECREASE IN P53 PROTEIN IN CULTURED CARDINAL LIGAMENT FIBROBLASTS FROM PATIENTS WITH PROLAPSUS UTERI
Authors: YAMAMOTO MARI , AOYAGI MASARU , AKAZAWA KENJI , TAJIMA SHINGO , YAMAMOTO KIYOTAKA 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe authors examined the growth response of cardinal ligamental fibroblasts derived from patients with prolapsus uteri (HPLiF) and compared it with the response of those from control subjects (HCLiF). The growth rate during the logarithmic growth phase was not different between HPLiF and HCLiF, while the cell density at confluence (saturation density) was significantly higher in HPLiF than in HCLiF. When added alone, platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) produced minimal effects on DNA synthesis in HCLiF. The simultaneous addition of PDGF, IGF‐I and EGF synergistically stimulated the DNA synthesis. In contrast, PDGF alone was able to initiate DNA synthesis in HPLiF. The combination of PDGF, IGF‐I, and EGF significantly stimulated the DNA synthesis of HPLiF compared with HCLiF. p53 protein and p53 gene transcripts decreased by 50% in HPLiF. The anti‐WAF1 antibody reacted intensely with a 21‐kDa protein in the homogenates of control fibroblasts, while the immunoreactive band in prolapsus fibroblasts was clearly reduced. These results indicate that the higher proliferative activity at near confluency in prolapsus fibroblasts may result from the decreased expression of p53 protein and p53 mRNA followed by the decrease in p21 protein. Furthermore, the failure of cells to enter quiescence may lead to a decrease in the synthesis and deposition of elastin and thus may contribute to the loss of supportive function in uterine connective tissues.
APOPTOSIS, REDIFFERENTIATION AND ARRESTING PROLIFERATION SIMULTANEOUSLY TRIGGERED BY OXIDATIVE STRESS IN HUMAN HEPATOMA CELLS
Authors: REN JIAN‐GUO , ZHENG RONG‐LIANG , SHI YI‐MING , GONG BO , LI JIAN‐FENG 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe effects of oxidative stress (ascorbic acid—ferrous system) on the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of the human hepatoma cell SMMC‐7721 were studied. Oxidative stress significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced morphological differentiation. Whatever the indices related with cell malignancy, such as α‐fetoprotein and c‐glutamyltranspeptidase or the index related with cell differentiation, such as tyrosine‐α‐ketoglutarate transaminase, all inclined evidently to normalization. The tumour's clonogenic potential decreased significantly. Moreover, together with differentiation, the phenomenon of apoptosis was found by the appearance of apoptotic bodies, detached cells, and apoptotic morphological feature. Although, their DNA was not degraded into oligonucleosomal fragmentation, the DNA was cut into larger fragments (about 21.2kbp) of a size associated with chromatin loops. These findings indicated that oxidative stress can induce both differentiation and apoptosis simultaneously in tumour cells. All the results showed that oxidative stress may initiate the tumour cells reverse transformation. The possible mechanism of the differentiation and apoptosis induced by oxidative stress may be related to the lipid peroxidation of cell membrane.
UPTAKE OF CADMIUM IONS IN WHITE‐ROT FUNGUS TRAMETES VERSICOLOR: EFFECT OF CD (II) IONS ON THE ACTIVITY OF LACCASE
Authors: Jarosz‐Wilkołazka Anna , Malarczyk Elzbieta , Pirszel Jacek , Skowroński Tadeusz , Leonowicz Andrzej 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe effects of cadmium Cd (II) ions on the physiology and biological activity of Trametes versicolor, a strain belonging to white‐rotting Basidiomycetes, were examined. Cd (II) ions were added to 10‐day‐old cultures grown on a liquid medium, or at the time of inoculation. Our experiments showed that T. versicolor is a good cadmium biosorbent from aqueous solution, this strain removing almost all the Cd (ll) ions over the first 2h of incubation by what appears to be a rapid, energy‐independent surface binding phenomenon, at the rate of ∼2mg Cd per g mycelial dry weight. An additional slower and energy‐dependent transport mechanism was also present, taking in ∼0.3mg Cd (II) perg dry weight. It is also shown that these Cd (II) ions significantly stimulate the activity of extracellular laccase when added to 10‐day‐old cultures.
Heightened North Pacific Storminess during Synchronous Late Holocene Erosion of Northwest Alaska Beach Ridges
Authors: Mason Owen K. , Jordan James W. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA progradational regime of falling sea level and/or high sediment input has produced extensive beach ridge plains in northwest Alaska during the last 4000 yr. Eleven Chukchi Sea beach ridge complexes, oriented at various angles to wind fetch, provide a cumulative history of longshore transport and erosion. Archaeological and geological upper limiting radiocarbon ages (n = 59) allow correlations between depositional units on seven beach ridge complexes. Progradation started 4000 yr B.P. at nearly all complexes, as eustatic sea level stabilized. Two disconformities or truncations are found on most of the complexes, providing time-parallel storm horizons, dated at 3300-1700 and 1200-900 14C yr B.P. Between 1700 and 1200 14C yr B.P. most of the complexes prograded, indicating the predominance of less-stormy conditions. Modern synoptic patterns that produce Chukchi beach ridge erosion are linked to northerly shifts in North Pacific storm tracks. The regionwide beach ridge erosional truncations correlate with records of glacier expansion, heightened precipitation evident in tree-rings, stream flooding, and shelf deposits reworked by storm surges.
A Preliminary Report of Changing Quaternary Mammal Faunas in Subalpine New Guinea
Authors: Hope Geoffrey , Flannery Tim , Boeardi  
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe faunas found in the mountains of central Irian Jaya have experienced dramatic changes through the late Quaternary. Remains of two previously unknown species of large marsupial,Maokopia ronaldiandProtemnodon hopei,have been recovered from unrelated cave and fluvial deposits which today occur in dense upper montane forest. Direct dating of the finds has not as yet been possible, but stratigraphic, sedimentologic, and palynologic evidence indicates that these species lived near a climatic treeline in subalpine grassland in the late Pleistocene. At higher altitudes a rockshelter provided the second known mid-Holocene record ofThylogale christenseniandThylogale sp. cf. brunii,apparently extinct grassland wallabies. The two largest remaining subalpine mammal species are being locally exterminated by hunting, leaving only a large murid,Mallomys gunung,which weighs less than 2.0 kg. The area thus records the disappearance of a grassland-adapted fauna. The possumPseudocheirops cupreusdominates in modem hunting returns, although this species is totally absent from the local fossil records. It may thus be in the process of invading a vacated and disturbed niche from the upper montane forest.
A 30,000 yr Continental Paleotemperature Record Derived from Noble Gases Dissolved in Groundwater from the San Juan Basin, New Mexico
Authors: Stute Martin , Clark Jordan F. , Schlosser Peter , Broecker Wallace S. , Bonani Georges 
Published: October 2002

AbstractPaleotemperatures for the last glacial maximum (LGM) have been derived from noble gases dissolved in 14C-dated groundwater of the Ojo Alamo and the Nacimiento formations in the San Juan Basin, northwestern New Mexico. The difference in mean annual (ground) temperature between the Holocene and the LGM was determined to be 5.5 ± 0.7°C. A practically identical result, 5.2 ± 0.7°C, has been obtained previously from the Carrizo aquifer in southern Texas. This suggests that the southwestern United States was uniformly cooler during the LGM and that the mean annual temperature gradient along a transect from the Gulf of Mexico to northwestern New Mexico has been unchanged since the LGM. The noble gas paleotemperatures are supported by paleoecological evidence in the region. The Holocene/LGM temperature difference of 5.4°C indicates that a simple lapse rate calculation may be applied to convert the 1000-m glacial depression of snowlines in the Colorado Front Range into a temperature decrease. A continental temperature change of 5.4 ± 0.7°C is inconsistent with a temperature change of about 2°C determined for the surface waters of the Gulf of Mexico.
A Late-Glacial/Holocene Pollen Record from the Eastern Andes of Northern Peru
Authors: Hansen Barbara C.S. , Rodbell Donald T. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA pollen and sediment record of a core 4.2-m-long from Laguna Baja (7°42′ S, 77°32′ W, 3575 m) in the Cordillera Oriental of northern Peru suggests several episodes of major vegetational and climatic change over the past 13,000 yr. The oldest pollen assemblage consists of a mixture of paramo elements (tropical alpine vegetation), including high percentages of Poaceae (40%) that decline upward, moist montane forest (Compositae and Polylepis), and wet montane forest (e.g., Hedyosmum and Podocarpaceae). Organic carbon content range from <2% to 8%. About 11,600 yr B.P. this mixed pollen assemblage was replaced by Poaceae (>60%), with high percentages of Jamesonia, a fern characteristic of paramo and decreasing values of Plantago tubulosa and the wet montane forest elements Hedyosmum and Podocarpaceae. Charcoal percentages are at a maximum during this period, magnetic susceptibility and sand percentages are high, and percentages of organic matter are low. Several explanations for these changes are possible, including a reduction in temperature and moisture, more frequent periods of aridity with increased fires, or natural succession. The Holocene record begins with pronounced increases in organic carbon and pollen of wet montane forest, primarily Hedyosmum , Podacarpaceae, and Urticales. High values of Podocarpaceae pollen (>35%) and a decline in charcoal suggest temperature and moisture levels above modern-day values. Wet montane forest pollen remain high and charcoal values are low from about 10,000 to 6000 yr B.P., suggesting that warm and moist conditions prevailed for about 4000 yr. Subsequently Podocarpaceae and Urticales decline, and for a brief time Alnus is prominent in the pollen record. Following the Alnus maximum at about 5000 yr B.P., Poaceae, Ambrosia and Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae become frequent. Increased paramo and disturbance indicator pollen suggest increased anthropogenic activities in this region from the middle Holocene to the present.
Late Quaternary Vegetational and Climatic Changes in the Pampa Grassland of Argentina
Authors: Prieto Aldo Raúl 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe vegetation and climate of the Pampa grassland, Argentina, during the late Quaternary are reconstructed from pollen recovered from dated stratigraphic sections from arroyo walls and from archaelogical excavations. Prior to 10,500 yr B.P., herbaceous psammophytic steppe existed in the central part of the Pampa grassland while xerophytic woodland associated with psammophytic and halophytic steppe occurred in the southwestern part of the Pampa. These types of vegetation and the continental conditions that prevailed in the area of the present-day coast (38°S), indicate subhumid-dry climate and annual precipitation 100 mm lower than present. A subsequent change toward a vegetation characteristic of ponds, swamps, and foodplains, or toward environments with locally more effective moisture, occurred ca. 10,500 yr B.P. suggesting annual precipitation close to modern levels or a higher availability of water in the central part of the Pampa grassland, this type of vegetation existed until 8000 yr B.P., when it was replaced by grassland communities that lasted until 7000 yr B.P. In the southwestern part of the Pampa grassland, this vegetation developed before 7000 yr B.P. and persisted until ca. 5000 yr B.P. Sea level higher than the present ca. 6200 yr B.P. is consistent with sharp modification of the vegetation and development of local halophytic communities dominant at 38°S. A return to subhumid-dry conditions occurred after 5000 yr B.P. The late Holocene vegetation is characterized by pollen assemblages similar to the psammophytic and halophytic communities of the Southern pampa grassland, associated with communities with more edaphic conditions. At the same time, at 38°S a sea level regression is suggested by the dominance of fresh-water pollen assemblages and micropaleontological remains. The trend toward humid, temperate conditions ca. 1000 yr B.P. suggested by vertebrate remains characteristic of temperate and humid conditions, as well as a very short but dry episode during the 18th century suggested by the geology, are not clearly evidenced in the pollen sequences. Vegetational and climatic changes are explained by the latitudinal shifts and changes in intensity of the southern atmospheric circulation and changes in sea level.
Origin and Evolution of Lunettes on the High Plains of Texas and New Mexico
Authors: Holliday Vance T. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractLunettes—isolated dunes on the lee side of playa basins—are common landforms on the Southern High Plains of northwest Texas and eastern New Mexico. The dunes contain calcareous (15–40% CaCO3) sandy loam or loamy sand, with minor amounts of sepiolite, deposited 25,000–800014C yr B.P. and derived by deflation of lacustrine carbonate in the basins. The dunes also contain low carbonate (0–15% CaCO3) sand or loamy sand that was deposited 25,000–15,000 yr B.P. and 8000–5000 yr B.P. and was derived by deflation that created the basins or deflated from sand deposited in the basins. Buried soils are common in the lunettes: A-Bk profiles characterize soils formed in the calcareous sandy loam; the sandy low-carbonate sediments contain A-Bt profiles in the oldest sand of some dunes, and A-Bw, A-Bt, or A-Btk in the early and middle Holocene sand. The dune stratigraphy, combined with carbon isotope data (derived from dated A-horizons in lunettes), suggests the following scenario for the Southern High Plains. The lunettes began forming as low-carbonate sand dunes in the late Pleistocene as playa basins were formed or deepened by wind erosion. The erosion repeatedly alternated with stability. The environment probably was cool and dry, but one or more cool and wet intervals 25,000–15,000 yr B.P. resulted in a rise in the water table and deposition of lacustrine carbonate in the deepest basins. There may have been short departures toward warmer (and probably toward drier) conditions throughout this time. Episodically dry conditions 15,000–8,000 yr B.P. resulted in deflation of the carbonate and further dune construction by repeated accretion of calcareous sandy loam or loamy sand. The low carbonate sand was deposited during widespread drought and deflation 8000–5000 yr B.P. The dunes have been largely stable in the late Holocene.
Encoding, Decoding and Data Refinement
Authors: Back Ralph-Johan , von Wright Joakim 
Published: October 2002

Abstract.Data refinement is the systematic replacement of a data structure with another one in program development. Data refinement between program statements can on an abstract level be described as a commutativity property where the abstraction relationship between the data structures involved is represented by an abstract statement (adecoding). We generalise the traditional notion of data refinement by defining anencoding operatorthat describes the least (most abstract) data refinement with respect to a given abstraction. We investigate the categorical and algebraic properties of encoding and describe a number of special cases, which include traditional notions of data refinement. The dual operator of encoding isdecoding, which we investigate and give an intuitive interpretation to. Finally we show a number of applications of encoding and decoding.
Does jury deliberation really improve jurors' memories?
Authors: Pritchard Mary E. , Keenan Janice M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe courts assume that jury deliberation corrects errors in jurors' memories, so that the verdict is based on accurate memory for the trial. We evaluated the validity of this assumption by examining jurors' memories and verdicts both before and after deliberation. Unlike previous studies, we tracked how event memories changed as a function of how they were discussed in deliberation. Overall, deliberation resulted in only a slight memory improvement. Deliberation corrected errors and did not introduce distortions. Reasons for such slight memory improvement are that jurors did not think they had memory gaps and thus did not use the deliberation process to improve their memory, and jurors who controlled deliberation were not always the most accurate in their memories. Finally, those most likely to change their verdict as a result of deliberation were not those who had the least accurate memories, but rather those who had the least confidence in their memories. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive tracking control for electrically‐driven robots without overparametrization
Authors: Chang Yeong‐Chan 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis paper addresses the motion tracking control of robot systems actuated by brushed direct current motors in the presence of parametric uncertainties and external disturbances. By using the integrator backstepping technique, two kinds of adaptive control schemes are developed: one requires the measurements of link position, link velocity and armature current for feedback and the other requires only the measurements of link position and armature current for feedback. The developed adaptive controllers guarantee that the resulting closed‐loop system is locally stable, all the states and signals are bounded, and the tracking error can be made as small as possible. The attraction region can be not only arbitrarily preassigned but also explicitly constructed. The main novelty of the developed adaptive control laws is that the number of parameter estimates is exactly equal to the number of unknown parameters throughout the entire electromechanical system. Consequently, the phenomenon of overparametrization, a significant drawback of employing the integrator backstepping technique to treat the control of electrically driven robots in the previous literature, is eliminated in this study. Finally, simulation examples are given to illustrate the tracking performance of electrically driven robot manipulators with the developed adaptive control schemes. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Occupational exposures and the risk of ovarian cancer in Sweden
Authors: Shields Tammy , Gridley Gloria , Moradi Tahere , Adami Johanna , Plato Nils , Dosemeci Mustafa 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackgroundStudies of occupational exposures and ovarian cancer, often limited by few subjects or proportionate mortality data, have yielded inconsistent results.MethodsSwedish women employed in 1960, 1970, or during both years were followed from 1971 to 1989 using census data linked to nationwide cancer and death registries. A total of 9,591 ovarian cancer cases were identified among 1,670,517 women. Poisson regression was used to estimate the relative risk of ovarian cancer in specific occupational groups and in women exposed to particular occupational exposures defined by job exposure matrices. We lacked data on reproductive factors.ResultsJobs associated with elevated ovarian cancer rates in this and previous studies include dry cleaning, telegraph and telephone work, paper packaging, and graphic and printing work. In contrast to results of some previous studies, we found that hairdressers and beauticians were not at increased risk of ovarian cancer. Organic dusts, aromatic amines, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons are suggested as specific etiologic agents.ConclusionsIn this large study, we have confirmed some results from smaller studies and identified some new relationships that need to be confirmed elsewhere. Am. J. Ind. Med. 42:200–213, 2002. Published 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pseudodominant inheritance of Langer mesomelic dysplasia caused by a SHOX homeobox missense mutation
Authors: Shears Deborah J. , Guillen‐Navarro Encarna , Sempere‐Miralles Manuel , Domingo‐Jimenez Rosario , Scambler Peter J. , Winter Robin M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe report the clinical and molecular analysis in a consanguineous family in which the skeletal dysplasias Léri‐Weill dyschondrosteosis (LWD) and Langer mesomelic dysplasia (LMD) both segregate. A newborn male and his mother, both with Langer mesomelic dysplasia, are described. A homozygous SHOX homeobox point mutation, C517T, was identified by direct sequencing in the proband and his mother. The same mutation was present in the heterozygous state in the proband's father and in the maternal grandmother, both of whom had features of LWD. This C to T transition is predicted to cause an arginine to cysteine amino acid change in a highly conserved region of the recognition helix of the homeodomain, which may reduce the stability of the interaction between the SHOX protein and its target DNA. In addition, the mutation may disrupt a nuclear localization signal in SHOX. This is the first SHOX point mutation identified in a case of LMD, and the first case in which parent to child transmission of LMD has been described. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.