bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carotid stenting with a new system for distal embolic protection and stenting in high‐risk patients: The carotid revascularization with ev3 arterial technology evolution (CREATE) feasibility trial
Authors: Safian Robert D. , Bacharach J. Michael , Ansel Gary M. , Criado Frank J. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of carotid artery revascularization using a new system for carotid stenting and distal embolic protection in 30 patients with severe carotid stenosis and high risk for carotid endarterectomy (Carotid Revascularization With ev3 Arterial Technology Evolution, or CREATE). Previous studies suggest that patients with carotid stenosis and serious comorbid cardiopulmonary and anatomic conditions are at high risk for carotid endarterectomy. All patients underwent percutaneous revascularization using the Protégé GPS self‐expanding nitinol stent (ev3, Plymouth, MN) and the Spider distal embolic protection system (ev3). In‐hospital and 30‐day outcomes were analyzed. High‐risk features included age > 75 years (63%), left ventricular ejection fraction < 35% (20%), and restenosis after prior carotid endarterectomy (53%). Procedural success was 100%. In‐hospital complications included severe vasovagal reactions in six patients (20%) and a popliteal embolus in one patient (3.3%), treated by successful embolectomy. During 30 days of follow‐up, two patients (6.6%) experienced minor neurological deficits, including transient expressive aphasia that resolved without therapy in one patient and homonymous hemianopsia due to contralateral posterior circulation stroke in one patient. This study supports the feasibility of percutaneous carotid artery revascularization with the Protégé GPS self‐expanding stent and Spider distal embolic protection system, which will be evaluated in a large multicenter pivotal trial (CREATE Pivotal Trial). Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;63:1–6. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vectorial Electron Relay at ITO Electrodes Modified with Self‐Assembled Monolayers of Ferrocene–Porphyrin–Fullerene Triads and Porphyrin–Fullerene Dyads for Molecular Photovoltaic Devices
Authors: Imahori Hiroshi , Kimura Makoto , Hosomizu Kohei , Sato Tomoo , Ahn Tae Kyu , Kim Seong Keun , Kim Dongho , Nishimura Yoshinobu , Yamazaki Iwao , Araki Yasuyuki , Ito Osamu , Fukuzumi Shunichi 
Published: August 2004

AbstractSystematic series of indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes modified covalently with self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of ferrocene–porphyrin–fullerene triads and porphyrin–fullerene dyads were designed to gain valuable insight into the development of molecular photovoltaic devices. The structures of SAMs on ITO have been investigated by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The photoelectrochemical and photophysical (fluorescence lifetime and time‐resolved transient absorption) properties were also determined. The highest quantum yield of photocurrent generation (11 %) among donor–acceptor linked systems which are covalently attached to the surface of ITO electrodes was achieved with SAMs of ferrocene–zinc porphyrin–fullerene linked triad on ITO electrodes. The quantum yields of photocurrent generation correlate well with the charge‐separation efficiency and the lifetime of the charge‐separated state of the porphyrin–fullerene linked systems in solution. These results provide valuable information for the construction of photonic molecular devices and artificial photosynthetic systems on ITO electrodes.
Accurate and simple discrimination of mouse pulmonary dendritic cell and macrophage populations by flow cytometry: Methodology and new insights
Authors: Vermaelen Karim , Pauwels Romain 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBackgroundThe need to accurately discriminate dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (Mphs) in mouse lungs is critical given important biological differences. However, a validated flow cytometry–based method is still lacking, resulting in much confusion between both cell types.MethodsSingle‐cell suspensions freshly obtained from collagenase‐digested lung tissue were stained with a CD11c‐specific monoclonal antibody, detected using a PE‐Cy5 or APC‐conjugated secondary reagent. Cellular immunophenotype was simultaneously explored using a panel of PE‐conjugated markers. The FL1 or FITC‐detection channel was reserved for the assessment of autofluorescence.ResultsCD11c‐bright cells were heterogeneous and displayed a bimodal distribution with regard to autofluorescence (AF). CD11c+/low‐AF cells were lineage‐negative and showed features compatible with myeloid DCs. This was confirmed by morphology, potent T‐cell stimulatory function in a mixed‐leukocyte reaction, surface expression of MHCII and costimulatory molecules, and further immunophenotypical criteria, including the expression of Mac‐1 and absence of CD8α. In contrast, CD11c+/high‐AF cells displayed the features of pulmonary Mphs, including typical Mph morphology, very weak induction of T‐cell proliferation, low to absent expression of MHCII and costimulatory molecules, and very low levels of Mac‐1 as well as F4/80. We also show that only CD11c+/high‐AF cells strongly expressed the macrophage marker MOMA‐2, while interestingly Mac‐3 was expressed at high levels by CD11c+/high‐AF and low‐AF alike.ConclusionsThis study shows that the combination of CD11c‐expression and autofluorescence is necessary and sufficient to accurately separate DCs from macrophage subpopulations in mouse lungs. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Flow cytometric kinetic assay of the activity of Na+/H+ antiporter in mammalian cells
Authors: Dolz María , O'Connor José‐Enrique , Lequerica Juan L. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBackgroundThe Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) of mammalian cells is an integral membrane protein that extrudes H+ ion in exchange for extracellular Na+ and plays a crucial role in the regulation of intracellular pH (pHi). Thus, when pHi is lowered, NHE extrudes protons at a rate depending of pHi that can be expressed as pH units/s.MethodsTo abolish the activity of other cellular pH‐restoring systems, cells were incubated in bicarbonate‐free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium buffered with HEPES. Flow cytometry was used to determine pHi with 2′,7′‐bis‐(2‐carboxyethyl)‐5‐(and‐6)‐carboxyfluorescein acetoxymethyl ester or 5‐(and‐6)‐carboxy SNARF‐1 acetoxymethyl ester acetate, and the appropriate fluorescence ratios were measured. The calibration of fluorescence ratios versus pHi was established by using ionophore nigericin. The activity of NHE was calculated by a kinetic flow cytometric assay as the slope at time 0 of the best‐fit curve of pHi recovery versus time after intracellular acidification with a pulse of exogenous sodium propionate.ResultsThe kinetic method allowed determination of the pHi‐dependent activity of NHE in cell lines and primary cell cultures. NHE activity values were demonstrated to be up to 0.016 pH units/s within the pHi range of 7.3 to 6.3. The inhibition of NHE activity by the specific inhibitor ethyl isopropyl amiloride was easily detected by this method.ConclusionsThe assay conditions can be used to relate variations in pHi with the activity of NHE and provide a standardized method to compare between different cells, inhibitors, models of ischemia by acidification, and other relevant experimental or clinical situations. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Circadian‐ and temperature‐specific effects of early deprivation on rat maternal care and pup development: Short‐term markers for long‐term effects?
Authors: Rüedi‐Bettschen Daniela , Feldon Joram , Pryce Christopher R. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe compare the effects on pup body weight and on maternal care of 4‐hr separation from dam and littermates on postnatal Days 1 to 14 (early deprivation, ED) under different thermal and circadian conditions. ED was performed at either 21°C (Cold), or 32°C (Warm), and either during the light or dark phase. The comparison group was nonhandling (NH), either under a nonreversed (Light) or reversed (Dark) cycle. At weaning, Cold ED pups were of lower body weight than Warm ED pups, and Warm ED pups were of lower body weight than NH pups. Light and Dark ED pups received high care at reunion relative to NH, and Cold ED pups received higher care at several hours postreunion relative to Warm ED and NH pups. We propose that reduced pup weight and increased maternal care are short‐term markers for the severity of Cold ED, and that this manipulation could therefore impact negatively on emotionality and cognition in adulthood. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 45:59‐71, 2004.
Development of play fighting in kindling‐prone (FAST) and kindling‐resistant (SLOW) rats: How does the retention of phenotypic juvenility affect the complexity of play?
Authors: Reinhart Christine J. , Pellis Sergio M. , McIntyre Dan C. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractRats selectively bred for susceptibility to amygdala kindling (FAST) have been shown to retain neural and behavioral features of the juvenile phase into adulthood. In contrast, rats selectively bred for resistance to amygdala kindling (SLOW) are neurobehaviorally more typically adult. The development of play fighting in male and female rats of both selected lines was studied. Given the apparent association of juvenility and play often noted in the literature for mammals in general, it was predicted that the FAST rats should be more playful and be more likely to retain the juvenile tactics of play that lead to more prolonged and complex patterns of social contact. As expected, FAST rats initiated more playful attacks and were more likely to defend against attacks than SLOW rats as both juveniles and adults. Unexpectedly, however, both selected lines exhibited patterns of defense that reduced the likelihood of complex and prolonged social contact. Importantly, the two selected lines did so by very different means. The FAST rats did so by avoiding contact whereas the SLOW rats did so by responding in an adult‐typical manner that blocks contact. That is, the FAST rats exaggerated the changes typically occurring at puberty whereas the SLOW rats, at all ages, responded in a more adult manner. These data suggest that the different components of play fighting do not change uniformly with changes in the neurobehavioral underpinnings of juvenility. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 45:83‐92, 2004.
Influence of object spatial location and task complexity on children's use of their preferred hand depending on their handedness consistency
Authors: Leconte Pascale , Fagard Jacqueline 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe goal of the present study was to compare the use of the preferred versus the nonpreferred hand in children performing two tasks of different levels of complexity, in various positions in space. Right‐handed and left‐handed consistent children were compared to their inconsistent counterparts. The results showed that the general tendency to use one's preferred hand to grasp an object is more or less pronounced depending on the object's spatial location and the task's complexity. The children used their preferred hand more often even when the object was presented contralaterally, and did so to a greater extent during the more complex task. Inconsistent‐handers were more likely to shift to using their nonpreferred hand when the object was presented to this hand's side. Finally, we found that the influence of handedness consistency on hand use for the spatial positions varied with the complexity of the task. These results favor a view of handedness as a dynamic process in which motor preferences interact with task demand, probably through task‐related attention. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 45:51‐58, 2004.
A New Diterpenoid Alkaloid from Aconitum episcopale
Authors: Li Zi Yan , Zhao Jingfeng , Yang Jing‐Hua , Zhang Hong Bin , Li Liang 
Published: August 2004

AbstractA new diterpenoid alkaloid with an epoxy ring between C(3) and C(17) was isolated from Aconitum episcopale. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral and chemical evidence.
A Pair of Novel Heptentriol Stereoisomers from the Ascomycete Daldinia concentrica
Authors: Wang Fei , Liu Ji‐Kai 
Published: August 2004

AbstractA pair of novel heptentriol stereoisomers, hept‐6‐ene‐2,4,5‐triols 2 and 3, were isolated from the culture broth of the ascomycete Daldinia concentrica (Bolton : Fries) Cesati & De Notaris, besides three known compounds, i.e., 2,3‐dihydro‐5‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐4H‐1‐benzopyran‐4‐one (1), 3,5‐dihydroxy‐2‐(1‐oxobutyl)‐cyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one (4), and pyroglutamic acid (=5‐oxo‐L‐proline; 5). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means, including 2D‐NMR (HMQC, HMBC, 1H,1H‐COSY).
Obesity and risk of cancer in Japan
Authors: Kuriyama Shinichi , Tsubono Yoshitaka , Hozawa Atsushi , Shimazu Taichi , Suzuki Yoshinori , Koizumi Yayoi , Suzuki Yoko , Ohmori Kaori , Nishino Yoshikazu , Tsuji Ichiro 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe conducted a population‐based prospective cohort study in Japan to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of incidence of any cancer and of cancer at individual sites. Body mass index was calculated from self‐administered body weight and height at baseline. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated in multivariate proportional‐hazards models. Among 27,539 persons (15,054 women and 12,485 men) aged 40 years or older who were free of cancer at enrollment in 1984, 1,672 (668 women and 1,004 men) developed cancer during 9 years of follow‐up. In women, after adjustment for potential confounders, the RR of all cancers associated with different BMI, relative to a BMI of 18.5–24.9, were 1.04 (95% CI = 0.85–1.27) for BMI = 25.0–27.4, 1.29 (1.00–1.68) for BMI = 27.5–29.9 and 1.47 (1.06–2.05) for BMI ≥30.0 (p for trend = 0.007). Higher BMI was also significantly associated with higher risk of cancers of the colorectum, breast (postmenopausal), endometrium and gallbladder in women. In men, we observed significantly increased all‐cancer risk among only never‐smokers. Overweight and obesity could account for 4.5% (all subjects) or 6.2% (never‐smokers) of the risk of any cancer in women and −0.2% (all subjects) or 3.7% (never‐smokers) in men. The value for women was within the range among women reported from Western populations (3.2%–8.8%). Our data demonstrate that excess weight is a major cancer risk among Japanese women.
Dietary factors and truncating APC mutations in sporadic colorectal adenomas
Authors: Diergaarde Brenda , Tiemersma Edine W. , Braam Hanneke , van Muijen Goos N.P. , Nagengast Fokko M. , Kok Frans J. , Kampman Ellen 
Published: August 2004

AbstractInactivating mutations in APC are thought to be early, initiating events in colorectal carcinogenesis. To gain insight into the relationship between diet and inactivating APC mutations, we evaluated associations between dietary factors and the occurrence of these mutations in a Dutch case–control study of sporadic colorectal adenomas (278 cases; 414 polyp‐free controls). Direct‐sequencing was used to screen adenomas for mutations in the mutation cluster region of APC; truncating mutations were detected in 161 (58%) of the adenomas. Red meat consumption was significantly differently related to polyps with truncating APC mutation (APC+ polyps) compared to polyps without truncating APC mutation (APC− polyps) (highest vs. lowest tertile, odds ratio [OR] = 0.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.3–1.0). High intake of red meat and fat seemed to increase the risk of APC− polyps only (APC+ vs. controls: red meat, OR = 1.0, 95% CI = 0.6–1.6; fat, OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.6–1.9; APC− vs. controls: red meat, OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.0–3.1; fat, OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.0–3.7). Intake of carbohydrates was inversely associated with both polyp groups, most noticeably with APC− polyps. Most other evaluated dietary factors were not distinctively associated with a specific APC status. None of the dietary factors was specifically associated with a particular type of truncating APC mutation. Our data suggest that red meat and fat may increase the risk of APC− polyps in particular, whereas carbohydrates may especially decrease the risk of APC− polyps. However, most examined dietary factors do not appear to be specifically associated with the occurrence of truncating APC mutations in colorectal adenomas but seem to affect both pathways equally.
p21Waf1/Cip1 and p53 are downstream effectors of protein kinase C delta in tumor suppression and differentiation in human colon cancer cells
Authors: Perletti Gianpaolo , Marras Emanuela , Dondi Davide , Osti Daniela , Congiu Terenzio , Ferrarese Roberto , de Eguileor Magda , Tashjian Armen H. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated that the delta isoform of protein kinase C (PKCδ) is importantly involved in cell growth inhibition and tumor suppression in colon cancer cells. To investigate further the activity and mechanism of action of PKCδ, we have retrovirally transduced a PKCδ cDNA in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. PKCδ‐overexpressing cells (HCT116/PKCδ) were growth‐inhibited, showed marked morphologic changes and underwent multinucleation and phenotypic changes characteristic of mitotic catastrophe. Compared to controls, HCT116/PKCδ cells showed a highly attenuated tumorigenic profile and poor anchorage‐independent growth. In addition, transfected cells established junction‐coordinated intercellular communications, expressed cell surface microvilli and overexpressed the colon differentiation marker alkaline phosphatase. HCT116/PKCδ cells also produced the 89 kDa, carboxy‐terminal catalytic domain of PARP. In HCT116/PKCδ cells, p21Waf1/Cip1 and p53 were transiently upregulated for 48 hr after PKCδ transduction. In a p21 null subline of HCT116 cells (HCT116/p21null), overexpression of PKCδ did not affect tumorigenicity or differentiation, indicating that p21 is essential for the antitumorigenic activity of PKCδ. Similarly, overexpression of PKCδ caused no significant phenotypic changes in HCT116/E6 cells, an HCT116 subline in which the p53 protein is downregulated by the human papillomavirus E6 gene product. We conclude that overexpression of PKCδ in human colon cancer cells induces multiple antineoplastic effects that depend on the activities of p21Waf1/Cip1 and p53.
CYP1A1 variants and smoking‐related lung cancer in San Francisco bay area Latinos and African Americans
Authors: Wrensch Margaret R. , Miike Rei , Sison Jennette D. , Kelsey Karl T. , Liu Mei , McMillan Alex , Quesenberry Charles , Wiencke John K. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractWe examined CYP1A1 T6235C (M1) and A4889G (M2) polymorphisms in San Francisco Bay Area African Americans and Latinos who were newly diagnosed with primary lung cancer from September 1998 to November 2002 and in age‐gender‐ethnicity frequency‐matched controls. Owing mainly to rapid mortality of cases, overall percentages of cases genotyped were 26% and 32% for Latinos and African Americans, respectively. CYP1A1 variants were genotyped for Latinos (104 cases, 278 controls) and African Americans (226 cases, 551 controls). M1 and M2 frequencies in controls were 0.23 and 0.02 for African Americans and 0.38 and 0.29 for Latinos. In Latinos, the overall inverse odds ratio (OR) of 0.51 (95% CI = 0.32–0.81) for M1 variant genotype resulted from an inverse interaction with smoking. Nonsmokers with M1 genotype had a slight elevated OR (1.5; 0.59–3.7), but those with less than 30 or 30 or more pack‐year history had 0.20 (0.06–0.70) and 0.21 (0.06–0.81) times (about 1/5) the odds expected if smoking and genotype were independent lung cancer risk factors. African Americans had interactions of similar magnitude that were not statistically significant. Results for M2 were very similar. Inverse interactions of CYP1A1 variants and smoking‐associated lung cancer risk in Latinos might be causal, due to undetected bias or confounding, or represent a unique linkage disequilibrium between a new lung cancer locus and CYP1A1 in this highly admixed population.
Longitudinal and Vertical Spatial Gradients in the Distribution of Fish within a Canyon‐shaped Reservoir
Authors: Vašek Mojmír , Kubečka Jan , Peterka Jiří , Čech Martin , Draštík Vladislav , Hladík Milan , Prchalová Marie , Frouzová Jaroslava 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe large‐scale spatial distribution of fish was investigated within a morphometrically simple canyon‐shaped reservoir with a single major tributary and a longitudinal trophic gradient (Římov Reservoir, Czech Republic). Samples of fish were taken by Nordic survey gill nets (several mesh sizes from 8 to 70 mm knot to knot) installed as surface nets at several offshore areas located along the longitudinal axis of the reservoir. Surveys were carried out in late summer during 1999–2003. An obvious distribution gradient of fish was revealed along the longitudinal axis of the Římov Reservoir. The total relative fish abundance and biomass (catch per unit effort) decreased considerably from the upstream end of the reservoir toward the dam. Roach (Rutilus rutilus), bleak (Alburnus alburnus) and bream (Abramis brama) comprised the bulk of catches at all areas. Enhanced dominance of bream was observed in the fish assemblage at the uppermost, more eutrophic area of the reservoir. The highest number of fish species and the highest abundance of young‐of‐the‐year fish were also observed in the tributary area. In the downstream part of the reservoir, gill net surveys along the vertical depth profiles indicated that offshore fish occupied mostly the epilimnion. Extreme flood events affected the Římov Reservoir, however, it seemed they had no significant impact on the gradients described. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Novel fabricated matrix via electrospinning for tissue engineering
Authors: Khil Myung‐Seob , Bhattarai Shanta Raj , Kim Hak‐Yong , Kim Sung‐Zoo , Lee Keun‐Hyung 
Published: August 2004

AbstractElectric field‐driven fiber formation (electrospinning) is developing into a practical means for preparing novel porous filament with unusual structures and affordable mechanical properties. Polycaprolactone (PCL) was dissolved in solvent mixtures of methylene chloride/N,N‐dimethyl formamide with ratios of 100/0, 75/25, and 50/50 (v/v) for electrospinning. The filament was formed by coagulation of the spinning solution following the well‐known principle of phase separation in polymer solutions valid in other wet shaping processes. A strand of electrospun porous filament consisted of fibers ranging from 0.5 to 12 μm in diameter. To evaluate the feasibility of three‐dimensional fabric as scaffold matrices, the plain weave, which is the simplest of the weaves and the most common, was prepared with porous PCL filament. The growth characteristics of MCF‐7 mammary carcinoma cells in the woven fabrics showed the important role of matrix microstructure in proliferation. This study has shown that woven fabrics, consisting of porous filaments via electrospinning, may be suitable candidates as tissue engineering scaffolds. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 72B: 117–124, 2005