bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the healthy heart tool- an algorithm with potential cardiometabolic health benefits in persons with severe mental illness
Authors: Lund-Stenvold Elisabeth Haug , Ringen Petter A. , Andreassen Ole A. , Gaarden Torfinn L. , Hartberg Cecilie B. , Johnsen Erik , Myklatun Silje , Osnes Kåre , Sørensen Kjetil , Vaaler Arne , Tonstad Serena , Engh John A. , Høye Anne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cardiometabolic diseases are the main causes of death in persons with severe mental illness (SMI), highlighting the need to improve management of cardiovascular risk factors in both primary and specialized health care. The “Healthy Heart Tool” aims at helping health care workers to identify persons at risk, and to initiate proper interventions. Here we investigate if the recommendations in the Healthy Heart Tool are followed one year after implementation and whether implementation of the tool improved cardiometabolic risk factors in SMI.

Methods
Data from 270 individuals with SMI from six Norwegian hospitals were collected at baseline and at 12 months after implementation of the Healthy Heart Tool throughout the health care services. Changes from baseline to 12 months follow-up were analyzed using chi-square and independent t-tests, whereas implementation effects were analyzed using logistic general linear mixed models.

Results
After implementing the Healthy Heart Tool, significantly more persons received dietary advice and/or salt restriction advice (75.5% vs. 84.8%, p = 0.035). After controlling for Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30 and sex, there was an odds ratio (OR) of 8.9 (95% CI 1.42–55.77) for receiving dietary advice and/or advice on salt reduction. There was a significant reduction (p = 0.016) in numbers of participants with high levels of total serum cholesterol ≥ 5 mmol/ (54.4% vs. 46.3%).

Conclusions
Implementing the Healthy Heart Tool can increase awareness of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with SMI. The intervention increased the proportion of individuals who received dietary and salt reduction advice and decreased the proportion of individuals with high cholesterol levels. However, due to the small numbers, these results should be interpreted with caution. Nonetheless, the findings suggest that the Healthy Heart Tool may be an effective means for improving the management of cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with SMI in typical clinical settings.

Trial registrations
The trial was retrospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov 29.01.25, ID NCT 06807242.
Temporal trends of psychiatric disorders incidence by sex, education and immigration status among young and middle-aged adults in Sweden, 2004–2019
Authors: Kiadaliri Ali , Osooli Mehdi , Ohlsson Henrik , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To explore temporal changes in incidence of major psychiatric disorders across sociodemographic subgroups in Sweden.

Methods
This population-based open cohort study included all individuals born during 1958–1994 and residing in Sweden at any time during 2004–2019. We identified psychiatric disorders registered in inpatient and outpatient specialist care. We calculated person-years from the inclusion until diagnosis of psychiatric disorder of interest, death, emigration or December 31, 2019, whichever occurred first. Combining sex (female, male), education (low, medium, high) and immigration status (first- or second-generation immigrant, native), we created a variable with 18 strata. Average annual percent changes (AAPCs) in age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) were estimated using Joinpoint regression.

Results
A total of 5,051,875 individuals aged 25–61 years were followed for ≈ 56–58 million person-years. First-generation immigrants generally had lower overall ASIRs than second-generation and natives with more pronounced differences among persons with low education and females. While ASIRs of autism spectrum and other pervasive developmental disorders (AAPC 11.8%, 95% CI: 9.5, 15.8), as well as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorders (18.8%, 16.6, 25.0) rose over time, other psychiatric disorders were stable or had decreasing temporal changes (AAPC ranged from 0% for substance use disorders to -5.7% for schizophrenia/acute and transient psychotic disorders). First-generation immigrants generally experienced more favourable changes (i.e. more decreases or less increases) in ASIRs and this was most evident among those with low education.

Conclusions
While incidence of psychiatric disorders in inpatient and outpatient specialist care generally declined during 2004–2019, there were important sociodemographic variations in temporal changes.

Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
Associations between body composition, metabolic mediators and osteoarthritis in cats
Authors: Ley Charles J. , M. Strage Emma , Stadig Sarah M. , von Brömssen Claudia , Olsson Ulf , Bergh Anna , Ley Cecilia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, age-related joint disease in cats. The common finding of bilateral symmetric joint involvement may suggest influence from systemic factors, and could imply that body parameters such as excess body fat and cat size are important for OA development. We aimed to investigate associations between body composition and whole-body OA scores in 72 cats, using whole-body computed tomography (CT), and if serum concentrations of the metabolic mediators leptin, adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) reflected the total OA load. In addition, associations between body composition and metabolic mediators were determined. For data analyses, cats were grouped as smaller or larger according to the median value of the total body bone volume (body size), and as leaner or fatter cats according to the median of the total body fat volumes normalized for body size (nBFV).

Results
Computed tomography-detected OA changes were present in 94% of cats. In appendicular joints, OA was most commonly detected in hip joints followed by elbow, stifle, carpal, tarsal and shoulder joints, whereas in axial joints, OA was most commonly detected in the thoracic region. Groupwise comparisons showed that whole-body OA scores were higher for fatter compared to leaner cats (p = 0.012), and larger fatter cats had higher whole-body OA scores compared to smaller leaner cats (p = 0.021). Whole-body OA scores were associated with IGF-1 concentrations (p = 0.0051). Leptin concentrations were strongly associated with nBFV (p < 0.0001), whereas IGF-1 concentrations were weakly associated with total body bone volumes (p = 0.0134). Individual joint region OA scores were higher in carpal, elbow, stifle and hip joints in fatter cats, in carpal joints in larger and larger fatter cats, in elbow joints in larger leaner cats, and in stifle joints in smaller fatter cats.

Conclusions
In cats, increased body fat is a risk factor for having a higher load of OA, particularly in carpal, elbow, stifle and hip joints. Increased body size is additionally a risk factor for having carpal OA. The total OA load is reflected in serum IGF-1 concentrations, but underlying mechanisms for this association are unclear.
BMI or not to BMI? debating the value of body mass index as a measure of health in adults
Authors: Byker Shanks Carmen , Bruening Meg , Yaroch Amy L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) is used across public health to calculate height to weight ratio and translate into weight status. Whether BMI is appropriate as an individual- or population-level health measure for adults is debated. BMI is a cost-effective and feasible metric to establish health risk. Yet, BMI’s historical underpinnings, weight categories, usefulness as clinical diagnostic measure, and application across population subgroups has called the measurement tool into question. At the annual ISBNPA meeting in June 2023, the co-authors engaged in a debate session on the topic. This paper presents the complexity of arguments for or against BMI as a measurement tool and proposes its evolution to support whole-person health.
The behavioral phenotype in a cohort of patients with chromosome 18 anomalies: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Allegri Beatrice , Ajmone Paola Francesca , Michelini Giovanni , Antonietti Virginia , Tornielli Silvia , Bruschi Fabio , Dall’Ara Francesca , Monti Federico , Milani Donatella , Vizziello Paola Giovanna , Costantino Maria Antonella 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Genetic syndromes resulting from chromosome 18 structural abnormalities constitute a broad spectrum of conditions characterized by significant clinical heterogeneity. Most studies in the literature focus on case reports and clinical observations; the present study aims to assess the cognitive, communicative, behavioral, and adaptive abilities of different chromosome 18 abnormalities. In addition, this work aims to identify phenotype-genotype correlations by comparing individuals with 18p deletion, 18q deletion, and 18p tetrasomy.

Methods
The sample included 24 patients with a definite genetic diagnosis of 18p deletion (N = 6), 18q deletion (N = 9), or 18p tetrasomy (N = 8). The assessment is provided by using a specific protocol based on direct and indirect clinical assessment of patients. Differences in IQ/GQ indexes, adaptive behavior, CARS scores, and CBCL internalizing and externalizing symptoms were assessed using ANCOVAs with age as covariate.

Results
Our results showed more significant cognitive and behavioral impairment in tetrasomy 18 than in the other two conditions. Conversely, in 18p deletion group, we found greater behaviorally susceptibility to develop autistic traits.

Conclusion
These preliminary findings should raise clinicians’ awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of patients with chromosome 18 alterations, paving the way to targeted and more appropriate management.
De novo basecalling of RNA modifications at single molecule and nucleotide resolution
Authors: Cruciani Sonia , Delgado-Tejedor Anna , Pryszcz Leszek P. , Medina Rebeca , Llovera Laia , Novoa Eva Maria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
RNA modifications influence RNA function and fate, but detecting them in individual molecules remains challenging for most modifications. Here we present a novel methodology to generate training sets and build modification-aware basecalling models. Using this approach, we develop the m

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ABasecaller, a basecalling model that predicts m6A modifications from raw nanopore signals. We validate its accuracy in vitro and in vivo, revealing stable m6A modification stoichiometry across isoforms, m6A co-occurrence within RNA molecules, and m6A-dependent effects on poly(A) tails. Finally, we demonstrate that our method generalizes to other RNA and DNA modifications, paving the path towards future efforts detecting other modifications.
Digital sequencing is improved by using structured unique molecular identifiers
Authors: Micallef Peter , Santamaría Manuel Luna , Escobar Mandy , Andersson Daniel , Österlund Tobias , Mouhanna Pia , Filges Stefan , Johansson Gustav , Fagman Henrik , Vannas Christoffer , Ståhlberg Anders 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Digital sequencing uses unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) to correct for polymerase induced errors and amplification biases. Here, we design 19 different structured UMIs to minimize the capacity of primers to form non-specific PCR products during library construction using SiMSen-Seq, a PCR-based digital sequencing approach with flexible multiplexing capabilities suitable for tumor-informed mutation analysis. All structured UMI designs demonstrate enhanced assay performance compared with an unstructured reference UMI. The best performing structured UMI design shows significant improvements in all tested aspects of assay and sequencing performance with the ability to reliable detect low variant allele frequencies.
Proximal iterated function systems using cyclic Meir-Keeler contractions and an application to fractal theory
Authors: Unni A. Sreelakshmi , Pragadeeswarar V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
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Analyzing the trend of government support for cloud computing usage in e-government architecture
Authors: Younus Muhammad , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Nurmandi Achmad , Mutiarin Dyah , Manaf Halimah Abdul , Mumtaz Fathiya , Khairunnisa Tiara 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The revolution in improving services to the community carried out by the current government is genuine. It is not easy for government organizations, especially local governments, to directly implement e-government services in full. One solution that is considered appropriate and can solve these problems is the application of cloud computing to support e-government services in local governments. The advantage of cloud computing for e-government is that it can increase security. In contrast, cloud-based storage can be valuable because data stored in cloud computing is guaranteed secure and various regulations and standards of information safety practices. We propose a systematic literature review approach to analyze trends in studies on cloud computing of e-government. This research is a type of descriptive qualitative research using a bibliometric approach. To assess the trend of cloud computing in e-government, we use CiteSpace’s latest bibliometric software to achieve a comprehensive knowledge overview of cloud computing in e-government. The Findings of this paper reveal a dynamic scenario influenced by advancing technological progress and administrative priorities. Across the globe, governments are progressively acknowledging the capacity of cloud computing to improve the effectiveness, accessibility, and scalability of e-government services. Overall, challenges persist, spanning from concerns regarding data safekeeping and privacy, but it also signifies a strategic transition towards harnessing digital technologies to provide more agile, citizen-focused public services.
The multifaceted role of ferroptosis in infection and injury and its nutritional regulation in pigs
Authors: Zhou Bei , Guo Junjie , Xiao Kan , Liu Yulan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death (RCD) characterized by iron overload and excessive lipid peroxidation. To date, numerous studies in human and mouse models have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to tissue damage and various diseases. In recent years, ferroptosis has also been found to play an indispensable and multifaceted role in infection and tissue injury in pigs, and nutritional regulation strategies targeting ferroptosis show great potential. In this review, we summarize the research progress of ferroptosis and its role in infection and tissue injury in pigs. Furthermore, we discuss the existing evidence on ferroptosis regulation by nutrients, aiming to provide valuable insights for future investigation into ferroptosis in pigs and offer a novel perspective for the treatment of infection and injury in pigs.
Optimization of exhaust catalytic manifold of internal combustion engine
Authors: Nikolaev Vladimir K. , Skvortsov Arkady A. , Khudayarov Zamir F. , Nikolaev Roman S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The paper presents the results of gas dynamic calculation and strength analysis required to optimize the mathematical model of the body of the catalytic collector of a passenger car. Based on the obtained results of numerical modeling, the optimization of the case was performed. As a result of the gas-dynamic calculation, the optimal variant of the catalytic collector housing with the required uniformity of the exhaust gas flow in the input section of the catalyst (coefficient of unevenness (UI > 0.8)) was selected. According to the results of the strength analysis, stainless steel was selected to withstand emerging mechanical stresses at maximum temperatures up to 600 °C.
From ‘safe haven’ to ‘zone of precarity’: locating Istanbul through the perceptions and everyday urban practices of skilled migrants
Authors: Tuncer Ezgi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article seeks to position Istanbul through the practices of everyday life of middle-class, skilled migrants from both the Global North and South and their perceptions of urban safety and precarity. It examines individuals’ processes of migration to Turkey, revealing their initial impressions of Istanbul as a safe city of opportunities, and then analyses their everyday urban lives, highlighting hidden forms of precarity and discrimination. Through in-depth interviews with 45 women and 34 men—more than half of whom are North American and European—and participant observation in people’s living environments and at various social events, I argue that Istanbul, while perceived as a ‘safe haven’ at first, becomes a ‘zone of precarity’ where most of the participants have experienced intersectional forms of precarity, latent patterns of discrimination, and insecurities that belie the common perception that skilled migrants are privileged. To substantiate this argument, this ethno-spatial study presents an analysis of qualitative data as well as an online subjective mapping of Istanbul, where perceptions of urban safety and spatial precarity are displayed through socio-spatial experiences encountered in neighbourhoods, workplaces, and public spaces.
Alterations in the prevalence and serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Luo Xinyue , Yuan Qianli , Li Jing , Wu Jiang , Zhu Binghua , Lv Min 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Pneumococcal pneumonia is a common disease with a significant impact on morbidity and mortality among the elderly population. The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in elderly individuals caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae).

Methods
A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted for relevant studies published between January 2013 and December 2023. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to identify the sources of heterogeneity affecting the 87,430 patient studies obtained from 47 papers that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results
The combined prevalence rate for S. pneumoniae among all CAP patients included in the study was 14.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.3–17.8%). The 5-year pooled prevalence decreased from 16.5% (95% CI: 15.0–18.2%) in 1996–2000 to 8.4% (95% CI: 6.3–11.0%) in 2016–2020 for bacterial culture alone and from 17.4% (95% CI: 16.3–18.7%) to 13.5% (95% CI: 10.7–16.8%) for bacterial culture and urinary antigen testing (UAT) combined (P < 0.001). The most prevalent serotype was serotype 3, followed by serotypes 8, 19 A, 22 F, 11 A, 5, 9 N, 12 F, 6 A, and 10 A. The vaccine-serotype coverage was 53.5% for PCV 13, 60.5% for PCV 15, 85.2% for PCV 20 and 88.6% for PPSV 23.

Conclusion
These findings indicate a decrease in the overall burden of pneumococcal CAP among elderly individuals over the decade, which lends support to the proposition that the delivery of immunization should be expanded across the life course.
Psychological indicators for healthy aging: validation of the German short version of Ryff’s scales of psychological well-being (SPWB)
Authors: Tibubos Ana N. , Reinwarth Anna C. , Reiner Iris , Werner Antonia M. , Wild Philipp S. , Münzel Thomas , König Jochem , Lackner Karl J. , Pfeiffer Norbert , Beutel Manfred. E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The important roles of well-being as realization of one’s true potential for healthy aging have been highlighted by literature of the recent decades. The Scales of Psychological Well-being (SPWB) are an internationally recognized measurement tool for psychological well-being. Yet, sound validation of the German SPWB 18-item version has been lacking to date. Therefore, the present study aims to (1) test the psychometric properties of the German SPWB 18-item version in terms of factorial validity and (2) determine construct validity by investigating its correlations with psychosocial variables, mental and physical health. (3) Sociodemographic characteristics of the SPWB in a middle to old age German population was explored.

Methodology
Data of N = 3,374 participants 45–85 years old of the 10-year follow-up (2017–2022) of the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) were analyzed. Descriptive analyses and inference statistical analyses were performed to assess construct validity. In order to determine the psychometric properties, item characteristics and reliability coefficients were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analyses tested the proposed theoretical factorial structure.

Results
Construct validity of the SPWB was established with respect to sociodemographic, psychosocial (social support and resilient coping), and health variables (sleeping problems, depression and anxiety symptoms, stress, loneliness, and somatic diseases). Analysis of the psychometric properties of the German SPWB 18-item version rendered support for the theoretically proposed multidimensional structure of psychological well-being in our sample rather than a one factorial structure. Bi-factor models that take the method effects of positively and negatively formulated items into account are highly recommended.

Conclusions
The German SPWB 18-item version shows comparable psychometric properties to previous large-scale studies from other countries. The SPWB provides psychological indicators for healthy aging.
Rice virus disease in Indonesia: epidemiology and varietal resistance
Authors: Widiarta I Nyoman , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Yunus Muhamad , Apriana Aniversari , Sisharmini Atmitri , Santoso Tri Joko , Terryana Rerenstradika Tizar , Rahmini Rahmini , Rumanti Indrastuti Apri , Sitaresmi Trias , Margaret Swisci , Chaerani Chaerani , Widarti Ani , Nugraha Yudhistira , Hairmansis Aris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The geographical location of Indonesia in the tropical region, characterized by high temperatures and humidity, is favorable for the development of viral diseases in rice. Climate change and intensive rice production systems further exacerbate the detrimental effects of viral diseases on rice sustainability. Three major rice virus diseases in Indonesia—rice tungro disease (RTD), rice rugged stunt virus (RRSV), and rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV)—have affected more than 170,000 ha of rice from 2010 to 2022. Key factors contributing to viral disease epidemics in the country include the extensive planting of high-yielding varieties twice a year, intensive use of fertilizers, asynchronized planting, and erratic climatic conditions. Cultivating rice varieties that are resistant to both viruses and their vector insects is the most effective and efficient strategy for the integrated pest management of rice viral diseases. The development of RTD-resistant rice varieties has been relatively successful in Indonesia, as demonstrated by the release and adoption of 18 resistant varieties. However, the development of RRSV and RGSV-resistant varieties remains challenging due to a lack of genetic resources for improving rice resistance. Progress has been achieved only by developing varieties resistant to brown planthoppers as vectors of these virus diseases. To address these challenges, the potential use of genetic technology to develop rice that is resistant to viral diseases is discussed.