bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bibliometric analysis of literature on social media trends during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Xin Rujing , Lim Yi Jing 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThis study employs bibliometric analysis to map the research landscape of social media trending topics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors aim to offer a comprehensive review of the predominant research organisations and countries, key themes and favoured research methodologies pertinent to this subject.Design/methodology/approachThe authors extracted data on social media trending topics from the Web of Science Core Collection database, spanning from 2009 to 2022. A total of 1,504 publications were subjected to bibliometric analysis, utilising the VOSviewer tool. The study analytical process encompassed co-occurrence, co-authorship, citation analysis, field mapping, bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis.FindingsInterest in social media research, particularly on trending topics during the COVID-19 pandemic, remains high despite signs of the pandemic stabilising globally. The study predominantly addresses misinformation and public health communication, with notable focus on interactions between governments and the public. Recent studies have concentrated on analysing Twitter user data through text mining, sentiment analysis and topic modelling. The authors also identify key leading organisations, countries and journals that are central to this research area.Originality/valueDiverging from the narrow focus of previous literature reviews on social media, which are often confined to particular fields or sectors, this study offers a broad view of social media's role, emphasising trending topics. The authors demonstrate a significant link between social media trends and public events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper discusses research priorities that emerged during the pandemic and outlines potential methodologies for future studies, advocating for a greater emphasis on qualitative approaches.Peer reviewThe peer-review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-05-2023-0194.
Transforming qualitative research in phygital settings: the role of generative AI
Authors: Schmitt Bernd 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
This commentary discusses the value of generative artificial intelligence (AI) for qualitative research in phygital settings to understand the customer experience.

Design/methodology/approach
The critical and logical analysis is based on current knowledge of generative AI.

Findings
Generative AI seems very useful for qualitative research in phygital settings to understand the customer experience and should be used in qualitative research projects. Generative AI can provide much-needed validation of the subjective nature of qualitative research and can also generate insights beyond human intuition.

Research limitations/implications
The study is based on current technology, which changes fast. In the future, the skills of qualitative researchers may become outdated, relegating them to the role of prompt engineers.

Practical implications
Technology, and especially generative AI, will be a key tool for practitioners as they conduct practical research.

Social implications
Qualitative researchers should overcome potential anti-technology speciesism and embrace the potential of generative AI.

Originality/value
This commentary provides insights into the role of generative AI for qualitative research in phygital settings.
Durability evaluation for existing railway engineering: a review
Authors: Wang Jiahe , Li Huajian , Ma Chengxian , Cai Chaoxun , Yi Zhonglai , Wang Jiaxuan 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the factors, evaluation techniques of the durability of existing railway engineering.Design/methodology/approachChina has built a railway network of over 150,000 km. Ensuring the safety of the existing railway engineering is of great significance for maintaining normal railway operation order. However, railway engineering is a strip structure that crosses multiple complex environments. And railway engineering will withstand high-frequency impact loads from trains. The above factors have led to differences in the deterioration characteristics and maintenance strategies of railway engineering compared to conventional concrete structures. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the key factors that affect the durability of railway structures and propose technologies for durability evaluation.FindingsThe factors that affect the durability and reliability of railway engineering are mainly divided into three categories: material factors, environmental factors and load factors. Among them, material factors also include influencing factors, such as raw materials, mix proportions and so on. Environmental factors vary depending on the service environment of railway engineering, and the durability and deterioration of concrete have different failure mechanisms. Load factors include static load and train dynamic load. The on-site rapid detection methods for five common diseases in railway engineering are also proposed in this paper. These methods can quickly evaluate the durability of existing railway engineering concrete.Originality/valueThe research can provide some new evaluation techniques and methods for the durability of existing railway engineering.
Talking cervixes: How times materialise during the first stage of labour
Authors: Beynon‐Jones Siân M. , Jackson Clare 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe clock occupies a prominent position in many feminist and midwifery critiques of the medicalisation of labour and birth. Concern has long focused on the production of standardised ‘progress’ during labour via the expectation that once in ‘established’ labour, birthing people’s cervixes should dilate at a particular rate, measurable in centimetres and clock time. In this article we draw on 37 audio‐ or video‐recordings of women labouring in two UK midwife‐led units in NHS hospital settings to develop a more nuanced critique of the way in which times materialise during labour. Mobilising insights from literature that approaches time as relational we suggest that it is helpful to explore the making of times during labour as multiple, uncertain and open‐ended. This moves analysis of time during labour and birth beyond concern with particular forms of time (such as the clock or the body) towards understanding how times are constituted through interactions (for example, between midwives, cervixes, clocks, people in labour and their birth partners), and what they do.
A case of primary lung adenocarcinoma mimicking metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Tanaka Akira , Okita Riki , Morishige Takushi , Okada Masanori , Inokawa Hidetoshi , Hirazawa Katsutoshi , Kameyama Kaori , Ikeda Akihiko , Ikeda Eiji 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA 61‐year‐old woman, who had a history of total thyroidectomy for follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), visited our hospital for assessment of an enlarging nodule which appeared in the lung with multiple metastatic lesions of PTC which had been stable for 17 years. Wedge resection of the lung was performed. Miliary nodules were confirmed to be metastatic PTCs based on their morphological as well as immunohistochemical findings. As for the main nodule, its morphological features suggested a diagnosis of metastatic PTC, while its immunohistochemical findings were identical with primary lung adenocarcinoma. Further genetic analysis provided no definitive information for the diagnosis of the main nodule. The present case shows the need of comprehensive analyses for differentiation between primary lung adenocarcinoma and metastatic PTCs.
A multi‐property assessment of intensity of use provides a functional understanding of animal movement
Authors: Bastille‐Rousseau G. , Crews S. A. , Donovan E. B. , Egan M. E. , Gorman N. T. , Pitman J. B. , Weber A. M. , Audia E. M. , Larreur M. R. , Manninen H. , Blake S. , Eichholz M. W. , Bergman E. , Rayl N. D. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The intensity of use of a location is one of the most studied properties of animal movement, yet movement analyses generally focus on the overall use of a location without much consideration of how patterns in intensity of use emerge. Extracting properties related to intensity of use, such as the number of visits, the average and variation in time spent and the average and variation in time between visits, could help provide a more mechanistic understanding of how animals use landscape. Combining and synthesizing these properties into a single spatial representation could inform the role that a location plays for an animal.

We developed an R package named ‘UseScape’ that allows the extraction of these metrics and then clustered them using mixture modelling to create a spatial representation of the type of use an animal makes of the landscape. We illustrate applications of the approach using datasets of animal movement from four taxa and highlight species‐specific and cross‐species insights.

Our framework highlights properties that functionally differ in how animals use them, contrasting, for example, heavily used locations that emerge because they are frequented for long durations, locations that are repeatedly and regularly visited for shorter durations of time or locations visited irregularly. We found that species generally had similar types of use, such as typical low, mid and high use, but there were also species‐specific clusters that would have been ignored when only focusing on the overall intensity of use.

Our multi‐system comparison highlighted how the framework provided novel insights that would not have been directly obtainable by currently available approaches. By making the framework available as an R package, these analyses can be easily applicable to a myriad of systems where relocation data are available. Movement ecology as a field can strongly benefit from approaches that not just describe patterns in space use, but also highlight the behavioural mechanisms leading to these emerging patterns.
Pre‐oxygenation using high‐flow nasal oxygen versus tight facemask in trauma patients undergoing emergency anaesthesia
Authors: Sjöblom Albin , Hedberg Magnus , Gille Anders , Guerra Andres , Aanesen Vilde , Forsberg Ida‐Maria , Fagerlund Malin Jonsson 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients suffering from major traumatic injuries frequently require emergency anaesthesia. Due to often compromised physiology and the time‐sensitive management, trauma patients may be more prone to desaturate during induction of anaesthesia. We hypothesised that pre‐oxygenation using high‐flow nasal oxygen would decrease the risk of desaturation during induction of anaesthesia in trauma patients and the study therefore aimed to compare the frequency of desaturation when pre‐oxygenation was performed with high‐flow nasal oxygen or a traditional facemask.MethodsThis exploratory, prospective, before‐and‐after study was conducted at the Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. Adult (≥18 years of age) patients suffering major traumatic injuries needing emergency anaesthesia were included around the clock. Patients were pre‐oxygenated using a tight‐fitting facemask during the first nine months of enrollment. High‐flow nasal oxygen was then introduced as a method for pre‐oxygenation of trauma patients. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients desaturating <93% during induction of anaesthesia, assessed from the start of pre‐oxygenation until one minute after intubation. Secondary outcomes included perceived difficulty of pre‐oxygenation among anaesthetists (assessed on a scale between 1 and 10) and safety outcomes, such as incidence of regurgitations and intracranial gas (assessed radiologically).ResultsData from 96 patients were analysed. Facemask pre‐oxygenation was performed in 66 patients, while 30 patients were pre‐oxygenated with high‐flow nasal oxygen. The most frequent trauma mechanisms were stabbing injuries (n = 34 (35%)) and fall injuries (n = 21 (22%)). There were no differences in patient characteristics between the groups. Eight (12%) versus three (10%) patients desaturated <93% in the facemask and high‐flow nasal oxygen group respectively, OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.20–3.28), p = .76. Anaesthetists assessed pre‐oxygenation using high‐flow nasal oxygen as easier compared to facemask pre‐oxygenation. No patient in any group showed signs of regurgitation. Among patients with facial or skull fractures requiring anaesthesia before radiology was performed, intracranial gas was seen in four (40%) patients pre‐oxygenated with a facemask and in no patient pre‐oxygenated with HFNO (p = .23).ConclusionIn this prospective study investigating trauma patients undergoing emergency anaesthesia, we could not see any difference in the number of patients desaturating when pre‐oxygenation was performed with high‐flow nasal oxygen compared to a tight‐fitting facemask. Pre‐oxygenation using high‐flow nasal oxygen was assessed as easier compared to facemask pre‐oxygenation.
Progesterone‐induced blocking factor blockade causes hypertension in pregnant rats
Authors: Meadors Alexis , Comley Kyleigh , Cottrell Jesse N. , Ibhahim Tarek , Cunningham Mark W. , Amaral Lorena M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem disorder characterized by new onset hypertension in mid‐late gestation and can include multi‐organ dysfunction with or without proteinuria. It affects 5%–7% of all pregnancies in the U.S., making PE a major contributor to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is no cure for this pregnancy complication except for early delivery of the placenta and fetus. Moreover, the therapeutic options to treat PE are very limited. One potential trigger for the development of PE is progesterone deficiency‐induced imbalance between T Helper 1(Th1)/Th2 cells, an increase in cytolytic natural killer (NK) cells and inflammatory cytokines that in turn leads to endothelial dysfunction, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and hypertension. Importantly, progesterone signals the synthesis of progesterone‐induced blocking factor (PIBF) which has anti‐inflammatory effects and could promote the regulation of inflammation balance during pregnancy. However, the role of progesterone and PIBF in the pathophysiology of PE is still not fully understood. Thus, this current study was designed to test the hypothesis that inhibition of PIBF causes signs of PE in pregnant Sprague Dawley rats. In order to address our hypothesis, rabbit anti‐PIBF IgG (0.25, low dose‐LD or 0.50 mg/mL, high dose‐HD) was administered intraperitoneally on gestation day (GD) 15 to normal pregnant Sprague Dawley (NP) rats. On GD 18, carotid catheters were inserted and on GD 19 mean blood pressure (MAP) and samples were collected for further analysis. MAP in normal pregnant rats (NP) rats (n = 7) was 99 ± 3 mmHg, which increased to 116 ± 2 mmHg in NP+ anti‐PIBF LD (n = 10) and 113 ± 4 mmHg in NP+ anti‐PIBF HD (n = 4), p <0 .05. Plasma TNF‐alpha levels were 35 ± 8 pg/mL in NP rats and increased to 84 ± 21 pg/mL in NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD (n = 4), p <0 .05. Plasma IL‐4 and IL‐10 levels were 22 ± 5 and 25+6 pg/mL in NP (n = 5), which decreased to 6 ± 1 and 8 ± 1 pg/mL in NP+ Anti‐PIBF LD (n = 6, p < 0.05) and 16 ± 4 and 15 ± 5 pg/mL in NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD (n = 4). Circulating total NK cells were 67 ± 11 % gate in NP rats (n = 3), which decreased to 28 ± 7% gate in NP+ Anti‐PIBF LD and 45 ± 6% gate in NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD. Cytolytic NK cells were increased in NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD, p <0 .05. Moreover, circulating NO levels were significantly decreased while renal cortex PPET‐1 levels increased NP+ Anti‐PIBF HD. Our study demonstrates that PIBF blockade causes hypertension, inflammation and signs of endothelial dysfunction, all of which are associated with PE, thus indicating the importance of progesterone signalling pathways during a healthy pregnancy.
A decolonial birth for anthropology
Authors: Singh Bhrigupati 
Published: December 2023

Abstract“What good is anthropology?” Rather than accepting a predetermined notion of the good, I ask, What ancestral spirits animate anthropology as a vocation? In pursuing this question, I turn to the inaugural issue of American Ethnologist, which, I suggest, expresses an anthropological spirit readable via Lévi‐Strauss and Rousseau. I examine how this spirit was expressed in other parts of the world, such as the first generation of postcolonial anthropologists in India, as they confronted the question whether India may be seen as a settler colony. How was such a spirit born? As one possible beginning, I offer a creation myth for the birth of anthropological sensibility, located in a key moment of the Ramayana, when its tribal/lower‐caste poet‐author, Valmiki, begins to enunciate differently, after witnessing an act of human, settler violence.
Increased phagocytosis capacity of circulating neutrophils in patients on continuous flow ventricular assist device support
Authors: Awad Morcos A. , Sun Wenji , Han Dong , Griffith Bartley P. , Wu Zhongjun J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeutrophils take part in the innate immune response, phagocytosis, and pro‐inflammatory cytokine release. The phagocytic capacity of circulating neutrophils in patients on continuous flow (CF) ventricular assist device (VAD) has not been well studied.MethodsBlood samples from 14 patients undergoing CF‐VAD implantation were collected and analyzed preoperatively (at baseline) and on postoperative days (POD) 3, 7, 14, and 28. Flow cytometry was used to assess the surface expression levels of CD62L, CD162, and macrophage antigen‐1 (MAC‐1) and neutrophil phagocytic capacity. Interleukin 1 (IL1), IL6, IL8, TNF‐α, neutrophil elastase, and myeloperoxidase in plasma were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.ResultsAmong the 14 patients, seven patients had preoperative bridge device support. Relative to baseline, patients with no bridge device had elevated leukocyte count and neutrophil elastase by POD3 which normalized by POD7. Neutrophil activation level, IL6, IL8, and TNF‐α increased by POD3 and sustained elevated levels for 7–14 days postoperatively. Elevated neutrophil phagocytic capacity persisted even until POD28. Similar patterns were observed in patients on a preoperative bridge device.ConclusionsNeutrophil activation and phagocytic capacity increased in response to VAD support, while inflammatory cytokines remain elevated for up to 2 weeks postoperatively. These findings may indicate that VAD implantation elicits circulating neutrophils to an abnormal preemptive phagocytotic phenotype.
Strengthening health‐focused climate adaptation in Canada: Barriers and interventions
Authors: Rose Desiree , Birchall S. Jeff 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClimate change poses a dire threat to human health. Within Canada, extreme heat events are contributing to cardiovascular disease, poor air quality is causing respiratory distress, and changing precipitation patterns are resulting in the spread of vector‐borne illness. To minimize these negative health outcomes, adaptation strategies targeted to protecting health are essential. Yet, despite a recognition of this need across levels of government, health‐focused adaptation efforts have been slow to progress. The aim of this short viewpoint paper is to provide a primer for decision makers. Researchers within the public health and environmental science fields have identified several barriers that contribute to this lag in progress, including a lack of understanding within the general public regarding the health risks of climate change, and confusion over jurisdiction and responsibility. Shifting community perceptions and improving intergovernmental coordination may help reduce these barriers, and therefore support Canadians to become more resilient to climate change moving forward.
Soil physics matters for the land–water–food–climate nexus and sustainability
Authors: Wang Gang , Liu Ying , Yan Zhifeng , Chen Dingjiang , Fan Jun , Ghezzehei Teamrat A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSoil is a complex ecosystem within which many species interact and where physicochemical and geological processes occur at different spatiotemporal scales, with strong interactions taking place between ecological and management processes. Soil processes affect the qualities of the food and water that we eat and drink, the regulation of greenhouse gases, and are the foundation of our habitation and transportation infrastructures. However, it is estimated that over 2 billion hectares of lands are degraded, with a further 12 million hectares degraded each year causing the annual loss of 24 billion tons of fertile soil. Soil degradation negatively affects the well‐being of over 3 billion people, costing more than 10% of the annual global GDP via the loss of ecosystem services, and reducing the productivity of 23% of the global terrestrial area. The sustainable management of soil ecosystems is, therefore, fundamental to global food, water, and energy security, especially under increasingly unpredictable weather patterns caused by climate change. The land–water–food–energy nexus is central to sustainable development and soil inextricably links these critical domains. Stakeholders and decision‐makers in all four domains are necessarily focusing on the effects of soil degradation on climate change, water resource management, and food production as key to the development of sustainable agricultural practices and policies. A properly integrated approach to managing rural soils is thus required to ensure global water, food, and energy security, whilst increasing and protecting biodiversity. This special issue collects 15 papers on recent advances on soil physical‐, hydrological‐, and biological processes, and linkages with agroecosystem sustainability across experiments, field observations, and methodological breakthroughs.