bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative preconditioning strategies for improving the therapeutic efficacy of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells in gastrointestinal diseases
Authors: Didamoony Manar A. , Soubh Ayman A. , Atwa Ahmed M. , Ahmed Lamiaa A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGastrointestinal (GI) diseases have become a global health issue and an economic burden due to their wide distribution, late prognosis, and the inefficacy of recent available medications. Therefore, it is crucial to search for new strategies for their management. In the recent decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has attracted attention as a viable option for treating a myriad of GI disorders such as hepatic fibrosis (HF), ulcerative colitis (UC), acute liver injury (ALI), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to their regenerative and paracrine properties. Importantly, recent studies have shown that MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are responsible for most of the therapeutic effects of MSCs. In addition, EVs have revealed several benefits over their parent MSCs, such as being less immunogenic, having a lower risk of tumour formation, being able to cross biological barriers, and being easier to store. MSC-EVs exhibited regenerative, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-fibrotic effects in different experimental models of GI diseases. However, a key issue with their clinical application is the maintenance of their stability and efficacy following in vivo transplantation. Preconditioning of MSC-EVs or their parent cells is one of the novel methods used to improve their effectiveness and stability. Herein, we discuss the application of MSC-EVs in several GI disorders taking into account their mechanism of action. We also summarise the challenges and restrictions that need to be overcome to promote their clinical application in the treatment of various GI diseases as well as the recent developments to improve their effectiveness.
Graphical abstract

A representation of the innovative preconditioning techniques that have been suggested for improving the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-EVs in GI diseases. The pathological conditions in various GI disorders (ALI, UC, HF and NAFLD) create a harsh environment for EVs and their parents, increasing the risk of apoptosis and senescence of MSCs and thereby diminishing MSC-EVs yield and restricting their large-scale applications. Preconditioning with pharmacological agents or biological mediators can improve the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-EVs through their adaption to the lethal environment to which they are subjected. This can result in establishment of a more conducive environment and activation of numerous vital trajectories that act to improve the immunomodulatory, reparative and regenerative activities of the derived EVs, as a part of MSCs paracrine system. ALI, acute liver injury; GI diseases, gastrointestinal diseases; HF, hepatic fibrosis; HSP, heat shock protein; miRNA, microRNA; mRNA, messenger RNA; MSC-EVs, mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; UC, ulcerative colitis.
Comparison of voltages between atria: differences in sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Bates Alexander P. , Paisey John , Yue Arthur , Banks Phil , Roberts Paul R. , Ullah Waqas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Ultra high-density mapping systems allow for comparison of atrial electroanatomical maps in unprecedented detail. Atrial scar determined by voltages and surface area between atria, rhythm and atrial fibrillation (AF) types was assessed.

Methods
Left (LA) and right atrial (RA) maps were created using Rhythmia HDx in patients listed for ablation for paroxysmal (PAF, sinus rhythm (SR) maps only) or persistent AF (PeAF, AF and SR maps). Electrograms on corresponding SR/AF maps were paired for direct comparison. Percentage surface area of scar was assigned low- (LVM, ≤ 0.05 mV), intermediate- (IVM, 0.05–0.5 mV) or normal voltage myocardium, (NVM, > 0.5 mV).

Results
Thirty-eight patients were recruited generating 96 maps using 913,480 electrograms. Paired SR-AF bipolar electrograms showed fair correlation in LA (Spearman’s ρ = 0.32) and weak correlation in RA (ρ = 0.19) and were significantly higher in SR in both (LA: 0.61 mV (0.20–1.67) vs 0.31 mV (0.10–0.74), RA: 0.68 mV (0.19–1.88) vs 0.47 mV (0.14–1.07), p < 0.0005 both). Voltages were significantly higher in patients with PAF over PeAF, (LA: 1.13 mV (0.39–2.93) vs 0.52 mV (0.16–1.49); RA: 0.93 mV (0.24–2.46) vs 0.57 mV (0.17–1.69)). Minimal differences were seen in electrogram voltages between atria.
Significantly more IVM/LVM surface areas were seen in AF over SR (LA only, p < 0005), and PeAF over PAF (LA: p = 0.01, RA: p = 0.04). There was minimal difference between atria within patients.

Conclusions
Ultra high-density mapping shows paired electrograms correlate poorly between SR and AF. SR electrograms are typically (but not always) larger than those in AF. Patients with PeAF have a lower global electrogram voltage than those with PAF. Electrogram voltages are similar between atria within individual patients.
TIC: text-guided image colorization using conditional generative model
Authors: Ghosh Subhankar , Roy Prasun , Bhattacharya Saumik , Pal Umapada , Blumenstein Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImage colorization is a well-known problem in computer vision. However, due to the ill-posed nature of the task, image colorization is inherently challenging. Though several attempts have been made by researchers to make the colorization pipeline automatic, these processes often produce unrealistic results due to a lack of conditioning. In this work, we attempt to integrate textual descriptions as an auxiliary condition, along with the grayscale image that is to be colorized, to improve the fidelity of the colorization process. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first attempts to incorporate textual conditioning in the colorization pipeline. To do so, a novel deep network has been proposed that takes two inputs (the grayscale image and the respective encoded text description) and tries to predict the relevant color gamut. As the respective textual descriptions contain color information of the objects present in the scene, the text encoding helps to improve the overall quality of the predicted colors. The proposed model has been evaluated using different metrics like SSIM, PSNR, LPISPS and achieved scores of 0.917, 23.27,0.223, respectively. These quantitative metrics have shown that the proposed method outperforms the SOTA techniques in most of the cases.
Description and molecular data for a new acanthocephalan parasite, Polymorphus circi n. sp. (Polymorphidae) from the Australasian harrier (Circus approximans Peale) in New Zealand
Authors: Presswell Bronwen , Bennett Jerusha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpecies of genus Polymorphus Lühe, 1911 (Polymorphidae) are acanthocephalans found in fish-eating birds and waterfowl. Although found in many parts of the world, including Australia, no records exist from New Zealand. Because of the largely aquatic intermediate host, Polymorphus species are rarely found in terrestrial birds of prey. During a study of the helminths of the Australasian harrier Circus approximans Peale specimens of Polymorphus were recovered that were found to be new to science. Polymorphus circin. sp. is formally described and genetic sequence data presented. Specimens were distinguished from all other species by a combination of characters, including their proboscis hook arrangement (20–22 rows of 11–13 hooks), as well as absence of sexual dimorphism, trunk size, proboscis shape and egg size. These acanthocephalans were found in birds from areas with the potential to support freshwater, brackish or marine amphipods, but as yet the actual intermediate hosts are unknown.
Diagnostische Instrumente im Führungskräfte-Coaching – mehr Schaden als Nutzen?
Authors: de Haan Erik , Metselaar Carine 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungWie nützlich sind psychometrische und diagnostische Instrumente für das Coaching? In diesem Beitrag wird argumentiert, dass verschiedene Instrumente nicht nur keinen großen Nutzen haben, sondern in manchen Fällen sogar nachteilig sein können.
Valorisation of Whisky Distillery Waste as a Sustainable Source of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties with Neuroprotective Potential
Authors: Blaikie Laura , Don Aakash Welgamage , Franzen Xenia , Fernandez Carlos , Faisal Nadimul , Kong Thoo Lin Paul 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Waste by-products such as pot ale are abundantly produced during the whisky distillation process and are conventionally used as livestock feed, however a significant proportion continues to require land and sea disposal. Here, the novel potential of whisky by-products as antioxidant and antibacterial agents was investigated.

Methods
The total phenolic content and antioxidant potential of waste by-products from whisky distillation were evaluated using FC and DPPH assays. Their DNA protective properties were assessed with gel electrophoresis. The cytotoxicity and cell protective effects of pot ale, in addition to its antibacterial activity, were also studied in this work.

Results
Pot ale demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity of the by-products tested and could reduce DNA damage by 52% at 0.5 mg/mL. Furthermore, pot ale was non-toxic in a neuroblastoma cell line up to 5 mg/mL and protected against the toxic effects of two inducers of oxidative stress (rotenone and hydrogen peroxide) by up to 1.25-fold. Pot ale also showed potent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 25 µg/mL and 1.56 µg/mL respectively.

Conclusion
This work provides the first evidence of the potential of whisky by-products as antioxidants and antimicrobials with no adverse effects in cells, thereby promoting a circular economy.

Graphical Abstract
Demystifying the Salt-Induced Li Loss: A Universal Procedure for the Electrolyte Design of Lithium-Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhu Zhenglu , Li Xiaohui , Qi Xiaoqun , Ji Jie , Ji Yongsheng , Jiang Ruining , Liang Chaofan , Yang Dan , Yang Ze , Qie Long , Huang Yunhui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLithium (Li) metal electrodes show significantly different reversibility in the electrolytes with different salts. However, the understanding on how the salts impact on the Li loss remains unclear. Herein, using the electrolytes with different salts (e.g., lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB), and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (LiFSI)) as examples, we decouple the irreversible Li loss (SEI Li+ and “dead” Li) during cycling. It is found that the accumulation of both SEI Li+ and “dead” Li may be responsible to the irreversible Li loss for the Li metal in the electrolyte with LiPF6 salt. While for the electrolytes with LiDFOB and LiFSI salts, the accumulation of “dead” Li predominates the Li loss. We also demonstrate that lithium nitrate and fluoroethylene carbonate additives could, respectively, function as the “dead” Li and SEI Li+ inhibitors. Inspired by the above understandings, we propose a universal procedure for the electrolyte design of Li metal batteries (LMBs): (i) decouple and find the main reason for the irreversible Li loss; (ii) add the corresponding electrolyte additive. With such a Li-loss-targeted strategy, the Li reversibility was significantly enhanced in the electrolytes with 1,2-dimethoxyethane, triethyl phosphate, and tetrahydrofuran solvents. Our strategy may broaden the scope of electrolyte design toward practical LMBs.
Biocatalytic Buoyancy-Driven Nanobots for Autonomous Cell Recognition and Enrichment
Authors: Guo Ziyi , Zhuang Chenchen , Song Yihang , Yong Joel , Li Yi , Guo Zhong , Kong Biao , Whitelock John M. , Wang Joseph , Liang Kang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAutonomously self-propelled nanoswimmers represent the next-generation nano-devices for bio- and environmental technology. However, current nanoswimmers generate limited energy output and can only move in short distances and duration, thus are struggling to be applied in practical challenges, such as living cell transportation. Here, we describe the construction of biodegradable metal–organic framework based nanobots with chemically driven buoyancy to achieve highly efficient, long-distance, directional vertical motion to “find-and-fetch” target cells. Nanobots surface-functionalized with antibodies against the cell surface marker carcinoembryonic antigen are exploited to impart the nanobots with specific cell targeting capacity to recognize and separate cancer cells. We demonstrate that the self-propelled motility of the nanobots can sufficiently transport the recognized cells autonomously, and the separated cells can be easily collected with a customized glass column, and finally regain their full metabolic potential after the separation. The utilization of nanobots with easy synthetic pathway shows considerable promise in cell recognition, separation, and enrichment.
Olanzapine alters the expression of gasotransmitter-related enzymes: CBS and HO-2 in the rat hippocampus and striatum
Authors: Pałasz Artur , Kistowska Julia , Suszka-Świtek Aleksandra , Krzystanek Marek , Błaszczyk Iwona , Menezes Itiana Castro , Filipczyk Łukasz , Bogus Katarzyna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Gaseous neurotransmitters have been thought to be novel factors involved in the mechanisms of mental disorders pathogenesis for quite some time. However, little is known about the potential crosstalk between neuronal gasotransmitter signaling and neuroleptics action. The present work was, therefore, focused on gene expression of H2S and CO-producing enzymes in the brains of rats chronically treated with olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug.

Methods
Studies were carried out on adult, male Sprague–Dawley rats that were divided into 2 groups: control and experimental animals treated with olanzapine (28-day-long intraperitoneal injection, at a dose of 5 mg/kg daily). All individuals were sacrificed under anesthesia and the whole brains excised. Immunohistochemical procedure was used for histological assessment of the whole brain and for quantitative analysis of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and heme oxygenase 2 (HO-2) protein distribution in selected brain structures.

Results
Long-term treatment with olanzapine is reflected in different changes in the number of enzymes-expressing cells in the rat brain. Olanzapine decreased the number of CBS-expressing cells and possibly reduced H2S synthesis in the hippocampus and striatum. The antipsychotic administration increased the number of HO-2 immunopositive cells and probably stimulated the CO production in the hippocampus.

Conclusions
Modulatory effect of olanzapine on cellular mechanisms of gasotransmitter synthesis may be an alternative way of their pharmacological action.
Grace de Laguna, Joel Katzav, and conservatism in analytic philosophy
Authors: Chase James , Reynolds Jack 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the implications of Grace Andrus de Laguna and Joel Katzav's work for the charge of conservatism against the analytic tradition. We differentiate that conservatism into three kinds: starting place; path dependency; and modesty. We also think again about gender in philosophy, consider the positive account of speculative philosophy presented by de Laguna and Katzav in comparison to some other naturalist trajectories, and conclude with a brief Australian addendum that reflects on a similar period in our own country which was also associated with the professional institutionalisation of analytic philosophy.
The “Is” at Home, the “Ought” Abroad: Self-Comparison as Self-Criticism and the Transylvanian Model in Early Twentieth-Century Romania
Authors: Sorescu Andrei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhat happens when nation-builders in an independent state imagine themselves to have fallen behind kinfolk living under imperial oppression, and how does this affect their vision of a future of national unity? This paper explores the shapes that critical self-comparison could take among Romanians in the Kingdom of Romania around the turn of the twentieth century by considering three interconnected vignettes. First, it outlines the context in which politicized notions of mutual interdependence between the Kingdom and Transylvania allowed for comparison as self-criticism to take root and gain salience in the public sphere. It explores the implications that comparison as self-criticism had on ascribing agency and apportioning blame for causes of the disparity between state and kinfolk. Second, it examines two Transylvanian travelogues produced by major political and cultural figures on the fringes of the Romanian establishment, and, in a reflexive move, contrasts their politics of comparison. Third, it offers a grassroots perspective on how the travelogues of teachers and priests, as rank-and-file nation-builders, expressed these topoi. The article contributes to the nascent trend of considering historical comparisons in actors’ own terms, and as historical processes unto themselves.
Crustal Structure and Stratigraphy of the South Mozambique Margin to South Mozambique Ridge From Combined Wide‐Angle and Reflection Seismic and Drill Hole Data
Authors: Schnürle P. , Leprêtre A. , Evain M. , Verrier F. , De‐Clarens P. , Thompson Joseph , Dias N. , Afilhado A. , Loureiro A. , Leroy S. , d'Acremont E. , Aslanian D. , Moulin M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe have analyzed the MZ6 onshore‐offshore wide‐angle seismic profile of the MOZ3‐5 survey to investigate the crustal structure of the South Mozambique passive margin. The NNW‐SSE, 625 km‐long profile runs across the Mozambique coastal plain (MCP), the Continental Shelf and Slope, the Almirante Leite Ridge (ALR), the North Natal Valley (NNV), the Ariel Graben and the Dana Plateau of the Mozambique Ridge. Forward modeling through combined interpretation of the multichannel seismic, the main reflected and refracted phases of the wide‐angle, drill hole data and bathymetric data reveal: (a) a sedimentary cover poorly compacted up to 3 km‐thick, intruded by magmatic dykes that reach the seafloor at the ALR forming 0.5 to 5 km‐wide corrugated mounts, (b) between 2 and 7 km, thick magmatic or volcano‐clastic deposits are observed both at the MCP and NNV, forming a 40 km‐wide terrace at the center of MZ6 and southward‐dipping reflectors in the southern part interpreted as the Pre‐Neocomian Formation contemporary of the Karroo and/or Bombeni‐Movene magmatic events reached in several wells, (c) onshore, the 3‐layered crust reaches 39 km thickness, gradually thinning to ∼27 km at the southern end of MZ6. In the deepest layer, velocities exceed 7.15 km/s, reaching at its base 7.55 km/s at the vertical of the ALR. (d) the seismic Moho is marked by a strong reflection on the wide‐angle data. These results suggests that the basement is composed of slightly thinned and altered continental crust, most likely intruded by several phases of intense magmatism.
A Watershed Moment for Western U.S. Dams
Authors: East Amy E. , Grant Gordon E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe summer of 2023 is a notable time for water‐resource management in the western United States: Glen Canyon Dam, on the Colorado River, turns 60 years old while the largest dam‐removal project in history is beginning on the Klamath River. This commentary discusses these events in the context of a changing paradigm for dam and reservoir management in this region. Since the era of large dam building began to wane six decades ago, new challenges have arisen for dam and reservoir management owing to climate change, population increase, reservoir sedimentation, declining safety of aging dams, and more environmentally focused management objectives. Today we also better understand dams' benefits, costs, and environmental impacts, including some that were unforeseen and took decades to become apparent. Where dams have become unsafe, obsolete (e.g., due to excessive reservoir sedimentation), and uneconomical beyond saving, dam removal has become common. The science and practice of dam removal are accelerating rapidly, and some long‐term physical and biological response studies are now available. Removal of four hydroelectric dams on the Klamath River will be a larger and more complex project than any previous dam removal. The imminency of this project reflects a very different situation for dam and reservoir management than 60 years ago. Looking forward, dam and reservoir management in the western United States and worldwide will require continued collaboration and innovative thinking to meet a wide range of objectives and to manage water resources sustainably for future generations.
FOXQ1 promotes pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, tumor stemness, invasion and metastasis through regulation of LDHA-mediated aerobic glycolysis
Authors: Wu Changhao , Zheng Chenglong , Chen Shiyu , He Zhiwei , Hua Hao , Sun Chengyi , Yu Chao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC), a gastrointestinal tract malignant tumor, has a poor prognosis due to early metastasis and limited response to chemotherapy. Therefore, identifying novel therapeutic approaches for PC is critical. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is known as the vital progress in PC development, we constructed the EMT-related prognosis model to screen out that FOXQ1 probably involving in the EMT regulation. FOXQ1 has been linked to the malignant process in a number of cancers. However, its function in PC is unknown. In our work, the expression of FOXQ1 was elevated in PC tissues, and a high level of FOXQ1 in PC was linked to patients’ poor prognosis. FOXQ1 overexpression promoted aerobic glycolysis and enhanced PC cell proliferation, tumor stemness, invasion, and metastasis. Whereas, FOXQ1 silencing showed the reverse effect. Furthermore, mechanistic studies indicated that FOXQ1 promotes LDHA transcription, and thus modulates aerobic glycolysis to enhance PC cell proliferation, tumor stemness, invasion, and metastasis by increasing LDHA expression. Therefore, these novel data suggest that FOXQ1 may be a possible therapeutic target in PC.
A thalamic-hippocampal CA1 signal for contextual fear memory suppression, extinction, and discrimination
Authors: Ratigan Heather C. , Krishnan Seetha , Smith Shai , Sheffield Mark E. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe adaptive regulation of fear memories is a crucial neural function that prevents inappropriate fear expression. Fear memories can be acquired through contextual fear conditioning (CFC) which relies on the hippocampus. The thalamic nucleus reuniens (NR) is necessary to extinguish contextual fear and innervates hippocampal CA1. However, the role of the NR-CA1 pathway in contextual fear is unknown. We developed a head-restrained virtual reality CFC paradigm, and demonstrate that mice can acquire and extinguish context-dependent fear responses. We found that inhibiting the NR-CA1 pathway following CFC lengthens the duration of fearful freezing epochs, increases fear generalization, and delays fear extinction. Using in vivo imaging, we recorded NR-axons innervating CA1 and found that NR-axons become tuned to fearful freezing following CFC. We conclude that the NR-CA1 pathway actively suppresses fear by disrupting contextual fear memory retrieval in CA1 during fearful freezing behavior, a process that also reduces fear generalization and accelerates extinction.
lesSDRF is more: maximizing the value of proteomics data through streamlined metadata annotation
Authors: Claeys Tine , Van Den Bossche Tim , Perez-Riverol Yasset , Gevaert Kris , Vizcaíno Juan Antonio , Martens Lennart 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPublic proteomics data often lack essential metadata, limiting its potential. To address this, we present lesSDRF, a tool to simplify the process of metadata annotation, thereby ensuring that data leave a lasting, impactful legacy well beyond its initial publication.