bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathologic significance of dysadherin expression in cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: Nishizawa Aya , Nakanishi Yukihiro , Yoshimura Kimio , Sasajima Yuko , Yamazaki Naoya , Yamamoto Akifumi , Hanada Katsumi , Kanai Yae , Hirohashi Setsuo 
Published: March 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe E‐cadherin–mediated cell adhesion system is frequently inactivated by multiple mechanisms and is involved in tumor progression in many types of cancer. Recently, the authors reported a novel cell membrane glycoprotein, dysadherin, which has an anti–cell‐cell adhesion function and down‐regulates E‐cadherin.METHODSExpression of both dysadherin and E‐cadherin was investigated immunohistochemically in 115 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma to determine the correlation between the 2 molecules and their associations with both patient survival and the clinicopathologic features of the tumors.RESULTSDysadherin and E‐cadherin were expressed at the cell membranes of melanoma cells. Fifty‐two percent of the tumors showed dysadherin immunopositivity, and 91% of the tumors showed reduced E‐cadherin immunopositivity. There was no significant inverse correlation between dysadherin expression and E‐cadherin expression. Increased dysadherin expression was significantly correlated with nodular subtype (P = 0.042), Clark level (P < 0.001), tumor thickness (P < 0.001), ulceration (P = 0.008), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), high TNM classification (P < 0.001), and poor patient survival (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis of patient survival revealed that increased dysadherin expression was a significant predictor of poor survival (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSThus, increased expression of dysadherin was a significant indicator of poor prognosis in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic radiation promote early maturation and differentiation in newborn rat cerebellar granule neurons
Authors: Lisi A. , Ciotti M.T. , Ledda M. , Pieri M. , Zona C. , Mercanti D. , Rieti S. , Giuliani L. , Grimaldi S. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe wish of this work is the study of the effect of electromagnetic (EMF) radiations at a frequency of 50 Hz on the development of cerebellar granule neurons (CGN). Granule neurons, prepared from newborn rat cerebellum (8 days after birth), were cultured after plate‐seeding in the presence of EMF radiations, with the plan of characterizing their cellular and molecular biochemistry, after exposure to the electromagnetic stimulus. Five days challenge to EMF radiations showed, by the cytotoxic glutamate (Glu) pulse test, a 30% decrease of cells survival, while only 5% of mortality was reported for unexposed sample. Moreover, blocking the glutamate receptor (GluR) with the Glu competitor MK‐801, no toxicity effect after CGN challenge to EMF radiations and Glu was detected. By patch‐clamp recording technique, the Kainate‐induced currents from 6 days old exposed CGN exhibited a significant increase with respect to control cells. Western blot and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analyses show that EMF exposure of rats CGN, induces a change in both GluRs proteins and mRNAs expression with respect to control. In addition, the use of monoclonal antibody raised against neurofilament protein (NF‐200) reveals an increase in NF‐200 synthesis in the exposed CGN. All these results indicate that exposure to non‐ionizing radiations contribute to a premature expression of GluRs reducing the life span of CGN, leading to a more rapid cell maturation. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p75NTR‐mediated signaling promotes the survival of myoblasts and influences muscle strength
Authors: Reddypalli Shailaja , Roll Kristin , Lee Hyung‐Kook , Lundell Martha , Barea‐Rodriguez Edwin , Wheeler Esther F. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractDuring muscle development, the p75NTR is expressed transiently on myoblasts. The temporal expression pattern of the receptor raises the possibility that the receptor is influencing muscle development. To test this hypothesis, p75NTR‐deficient mutant mice were tested for muscle strength by using a standard wire gripe strength test and were found to have significantly decreased strength relative to that of normal mice. When normal mybolasts were examined in vivo for expression of NGF receptors, p75NTR was detected on myoblasts but the high affinity NGF receptor, trk A, was not co‐expressed with p75NTR. In vitro, proliferating C2C12 and primary myoblasts co‐expressed the p75NTR and MyoD, but immunofluorescent analysis of primary myoblasts and RT‐PCR analysis of C2C12 mRNA revealed that myoblasts were devoid of trk A. In contrast to the cell death functions that characterize the p75NTR in neurons, p75NTR‐positive primary and C2C12 myoblasts did not differentiate or undergo apoptosis in response to neurotrophins. Rather, myoblasts survived and even proliferated when grown at subconfluent densities in the presence of the neurotrophins. Furthermore, when myoblasts treated with NGF were lysed and immunoprecipitated with antibodies against phosphorylated I‐κB and AKT, the cells contained increased levels of both phospho‐proteins, both of which promote cell survival. By contrast, neurotrophin‐treated myoblasts did not induce phosphorylation of Map Kinase p42/44 or p38, indicating the survival was not mediated by the trk A receptor. Taken together, the data indicate that the p75NTR mediates survival of myoblasts prior to differentiation and that the activity of this receptor during myogenesis is important for developing muscle. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Indirect regulation of the intestinal H+‐coupled amino acid transporter hPAT1 (SLC36A1)
Authors: Anderson Catriona M.H. , Thwaites David T. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractA H+‐coupled amino acid transporter has been characterised functionally at the brush border membrane of the human intestinal cell line Caco‐2. This carrier, hPAT1 (human Proton‐coupled Amino acid Transporter 1) or SLC36A1, has been identified recently at the molecular level and hPAT1 protein is localised to the brush border membrane of human small intestine. hPAT1 transports both amino acids (e.g., β‐alanine) and therapeutic agents (e.g., D‐cycloserine). In human Caco‐2 cells, hPAT1 function (H+/amino acid symport) is associated with a decrease in intracellular pH (pHi), which selectively activates the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE3, and thus maintains pHi and the driving force for hPAT1 function (the H+ electrochemical gradient). This study provides the first evidence for regulation of hPAT1 function. Activation of the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway in Caco‐2 cell monolayers either using pharmacological tools (forskolin, 8‐br‐cAMP, [11,22,28Ala]VIP) or physiological activators (the neuropeptides VIP and PACAP) inhibited hPAT1 function (β‐alanine uptake) at the apical membrane. Under conditions where NHE3 is inactive (the absence of Na+, apical pH 5.5, the presence of the NHE3 inhibitor S1611) no regulation of β‐alanine uptake is observed. Forskolin and VIP inhibit pHi recovery (NHE3 function) from β‐alanine‐induced intracellular acidification. Immunocytochemistry localises NHERF1 (NHE3 regulatory factor 1) to the apical portion of Caco‐2 cells where it will interact with NHE3 and allow PKA‐mediated phosphorylation of NHE3. In conclusion, we have shown that amino acid uptake via hPAT1 is inhibited by activators of the cAMP pathway indirectly through inhibition of NHE3 activity. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adiabatic pulses in 1H–15N direct and long‐range heteronuclear correlations
Authors: Hadden Chad E. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe application of adiabatic inversion pulses to the detection of 1H–15N heteronuclear correlations is described. The pulse sequences studied were gHSQC, CRISIS‐gHSQC, gHMBC and CRISIS‐gHMBC. The poor inversion quality of rectangular 180° X pulses can lead to a loss of signal at the peripheries of the spectrum. Replacing these pulses with adiabatic sweeps significantly improves sensitivity across the potentially large 15N spectral window. Satellite spectrum profiles are shown to demonstrate the increase in sensitivity when employing adiabatic pulses on wide spectral widths. Additionally, the active pharmaceutical nizatidine was used as a model compound to demonstrate the improvements in the long‐range correlation data. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Small G‐protein RhoE is underexpressed in prostate cancer and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
Authors: Bektic Jasmin , Pfeil Karina , Berger Andreas Paul , Ramoner Reinhold , Pelzer Alexandre , Schäfer Georg , Kofler Kurt , Bartsch Georg , Klocker Helmut 
Published: March 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDRhoE/Rnd3, a recently described novel member of the Rho GTPases family, was discussed as a possible antagonist of the RhoA protein that stimulates cell cycle progression and is overexpressed and/or overactivated in prostate cancer. We investigated the expression of RhoE and its role in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in the human prostate.METHODSRhoE expression in cell lines and tissue specimens was assessed by immunoblot analysis, real‐time PCR (RT‐PCR), and immunohistochemistry. To elucidate RhoE effects on the prostate, RhoE was cloned and overexpressed in DU‐145 prostate cancer. Cell cycle modulation and apoptosis was investigated by immunoblot and FACS analysis.RESULTSImmunoblot analysis showed a strong RhoE signal in both, benign epithelial and stromal cells. In contrast, almost no protein was detected in various prostate cancer cells. On RT‐PCR and microarray analysis, RhoE mRNA expression was significantly reduced in malignant tissue when compared to benign samples. RhoE immunostaining was strong in benign tissue, especially in prostate epithelial cells, whereas it was minimal or absent in malignant tissue. Forced RhoE overexpression in a prostate cancer cell line inhibits the expression of two proteins essential for G2/M transition, namely CDC2 and cyclin B1, and induces G2/M arrest. In addition, apoptotic cell death as measured by a cleavage product of caspase 3 is significantly increased in RhoE‐overexpressing cells.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, our findings suggest RhoE as a tumor suppressor gene that is downregulatated early in the development of prostate cancer. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Androgen receptor signaling and vitamin D receptor action in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Murthy Shalini , Agoulnik Irina U. , Weigel Nancy L. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractBACKGROUND1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells; previous reports suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 actions in LNCaP prostate cancer cells are androgen dependent. This is due in part to the observation that the androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, Casodex, modestly inhibits LNCaP cell growth, but reduces the greater growth inhibition induced by 1,25(OH)2D3 to the level of Casodex alone. Because androgen ablation therapy is used for metastatic prostate cancer, we sought to better characterize this androgen dependence.METHODSWe have assessed the requirement for endogenous androgens in 1,25(OH)2D3 mediated growth inhibition of AR+ prostate cancer cell lines. We have also sought the mechanism for anti‐androgen mediated reversal of 1,25(OH)2D3 dependent growth inhibition in LNCaP cells.RESULTSAlthough 1,25(OH)2D3 does not inhibit the growth of LNCaP cells grown in medium lacking androgens, we find that growth of androgen independent derivatives of LNCaP cells is inhibited by 1,25(OH)2D3. Despite this independence, Casodex treatment reduced the response of these cells to 1,25(OH)2D3 suggesting a unique function for Casodex‐bound AR. Because Casodex does not directly inhibit the transcriptional activity of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) we sought a common primary target of VDR and AR action whose VDR dependent transcription could be repressed by Casodex. We report that AS3 (APRIN), a novel gene required for androgen dependent growth arrest, is a primary target for 1,25(OH)2D3 and androgens. Moreover, Casodex reduces induction of AS3 by 1,25(OH)2D3 suggesting that it is a candidate for the Casodex effect. Analysis of functional interactions between AR and VDR in other AR containing prostate cancer cells lines (PC‐3 AR, LAPC‐4, and 22Rv1) revealed that Casodex reversal was unique to LNCaP derived cells.CONCLUSIONAnti‐androgen mediated reversal of 1,25(OH)2D3 dependent growth inhibition is limited to LNCaP derived prostate cancer cell lines. Moreover, the growth of androgen independent derivatives of LNCaP cells in medium depleted of androgens is strongly inhibited by 1,25D. Therefore, most forms of androgen ablation should not eliminate the utility of VDR agonist treatment in most prostate cancers. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gasochromic tungsten oxide‐based film structures
Authors: Nowoczin J. , Shanak H. , Ziebert C. , Schmitt H. , Ehses K. H. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractTungsten oxide thin films were produced by reactive sputter deposition which is an advantageous method because of the opportunity to influence the properties of the films by several parameters. This work focuses on the influence of the oxygen content during the sputtering process and on mixed tungsten and molybdenum oxide films. The oxygen content has a great influence on the film growth velocity and leads to significant differences in crystal symmetry as a function of oxygen partial pressure. Additionally an influence of oxygen content on the gasochromic behaviour was observed. The mixed tungsten molybdenum oxide thin films show no change in the velocity of the gasochromic colouration but the fact that the coloured films show high absorption all over the visible region of the optical spectrum is a significant advantage. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Intrusion and Confusion—The Impact of Medication and Health Professionals after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Attebring Mona From , Herlitz Johan , Ekman Inger 
Published: March 2005

Background: Secondary prevention is important in preventing new cardiovascular events after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Aim: To explore patients' experiences of secondary prevention after a first AMI.Methods: A qualitative approach with hermeneutical analysis of in depth interviews was used.Results: Twenty patients (12 men and 8 women, aged 34–79 years) were interviewed. None of the patients was previously treated for cardiovascular disease except one that had a history of angina pectoris. Two main themes emerged from the analysis. 1) Impact of medication: patients interpreted bodily sensations as a consequence of being medicated rather than as a result of their heart attack. The medication led to feelings of being intruded upon but also to positive feelings of security. 2) Impact of health professionals: communication with health professionals resulted in confusion about both treatment and the severity of the coronary disease. Patients expressed a need of being reassured by their physician regarding their physical status.Conclusions: Health professionals need to consider the impact of pharmacological treatment on patients' life, at least in patients who suffer from a first AMI. The point of departure in secondary preventive work must be patients' beliefs about their condition and the treatment they receive. Nurses and physicians must be aware of the information each patient has been given, and from this starting point, they have to be in concordance with one another. From the patients' perspective it is deemed necessary for the physicians to discuss the disease and the consequences it may have, both in the near future and in the long run, as soon as possible.
Nurses' in the multi‐professional pain team: A study of attitudes, beliefs and treatment endorsements
Authors: Brown Cary A. , Richardson Cliff 
Published: March 2005

AbstractBackground and Aim It is widely accepted that chronic pain is best treated by a multidisciplinary team. Team approaches are best facilitated if all members understand their own and each others role. Roles and responsibilities have inherent values and beliefs which need to be understood if the team is going to function optimally. Little is known about the attitudes and beliefs of the pain team or the individual professionals within it. All members of the pain team therefore need to critically examine the values and beliefs they bring to these teams. The aim of this study was to start this process for nurses. This was done uniquely by: finding out what components of pain management nurses endorse as important; investigating their beliefs about pain management; and exploring whether nurses' beliefs differ in relation to other service providers.Method Data from 103 nurses was extracted from a wider research study of the congruence between what service providers and service users believe to be important treatments for chronic pain. Nurses were surveyed regarding their opinions about which specific treatments or treatment components they would endorse for people with chronic pain. Skevington's Beliefs About Pain Control Questionnaire (BPCQ) was also included. This measured beliefs in three crucial areas; the internal or personal control of pain, beliefs that powerful others (doctors) control pain and beliefs that pain is controlled by chance events. Statistical comparisons were made between nurses who endorsed particular treatments and their belief pattern. Differences between nurses and other professionals and service users were explored.Results The study showed that nurses were high treatment endorsers. There was universal agreement to the importance of ‘The nurse', ‘The multidisciplinary team', ‘relaxation', and ‘psychological assessment’ for chronic pain management'. Nurses' endorsement patterns were different to the other professionals, because they endorsed more treatments. BPCQ scores were consistently lower than the other professionals and the service users.Conclusions The findings of this study are congruent with emerging literature highlighting the complexity of health care. The high endorsement patterns seen in this study could be taken as support that nurses are, either tacitly or overtly, aware of this need to approach pain management in an open‐minded and flexible manner.
Treatment of viable cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy with suction curettage
Authors: Arslan M. , Pata O. , Dilek T.U.K. , Aktas A. , Aban M. , Dilek S. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractObjectivePregnancy in previous cesarean scar is the rarest form of ectopic pregnancy. All reported cases in the literature that were treated with uterine curettage either become unsuccessful or complicated. We aimed to present a case of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy that was successfully treated with suction curettage without any additional therapy.CaseA 32‐year‐old asymptomatic woman, gravida 2, para 1 was referred to our hospital with the possible diagnosis of cervical ectopic pregnancy. Transvaginal and transabdominal sonographic examination revealed the diagnosis of viable ectopic pregnancy in a previous cesarean scar. Suction curettage with carman canulles was performed under transabdominal ultrasonographic guidance. β‐hCG decreased progressively postoperatively.ConclusionSuction curettage under ultrasonography guidance can be used in termination of selected cases (early diagnosed, without symptoms that necessitates emergency intervention) of cesarean scar pregnancy.
Training for cervical cancer prevention programs in low‐resource settings: Focus on visual inspection with acetic acid and cryotherapy
Authors: Blumenthal P.D. , Lauterbach M. , Sellors J.W. , Sankaranarayanan R. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThe modern approach to cervical cancer prevention, characterized by use of cytology and multiple visits for diagnosis and treatment, has frequently proven challenging and unworkable in low‐resource settings. Because of this, the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention (ACCP) has made it a priority to investigate and assess alternative approaches, particularly the use of visual screening methods, such as visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and visual inspection with Lugol's iodine (VILI), for precancer and cancer detection and the use of cryotherapy as a precancer treatment method. As a result of ACCP experience in providing training to nurses and doctors in these techniques, it is now widely agreed that training should be competency based, combining both didactic and hands‐on approaches, and should be done in a clinical setting that resembles the service‐delivery conditions at the program site. This article reviews ACCP experiences and perceptions about the essentials of training in visual inspection and cryotherapy and presents some lessons learned with regard to training in these techniques in low‐resource settings.
Proliferative Response of Fibroblasts Expressing Internalization‐Deficient Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Receptors Is Altered via Differential EGF Depletion Effect
Authors: Reddy Cartikeya C. , Wells Alan , Lauffenburger Douglas A. 
Published: March 2005

AbstractWe describe experiments comparing the proliferation responses to epidermal growth factor (EGF) by NR6 fibroblasts expressing genetically engineered epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs). These cells present either wild‐type (WT) EGFR or a cytoplasmic domain‐truncated (c′973) EGFR that exhibits a decreased ligand‐induced internalization rate constant. In two distinctin vitroproliferation assays, with or without medium replenishment, we measured the specific cell proliferation rate constants and EGF depletion kinetics for both WT and c′973 cells. When EGF depletion is minimized by replenishment, the EGF concentration dependencies of the two cell types are similar, whereas when EGF depletion is not prevented, maximal proliferation of WT cells requires an initial EGF concentration that is approximately 10× that required by c′973 cells. However, when EGF depletion is accounted for, the dependencies of growth rate for the two cell types on the current EGF concentration in both assays are essentially identical. Our results demonstrate that diminished depletion of EGF from the extracellular medium is a major reason for increased mitogenic sensitivity to EGF by cells possessing internalization‐deficient receptors.
Human breast cancer cell line MDA‐MB‐231 expresses endogenous A2B adenosine receptors mediating a Ca2+ signal
Authors: Panjehpour Mojtaba , Castro Marián , Klotz Karl‐Norbert 
Published: March 2005

Two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231, were screened for the presence of functionally significant adenosine receptor subtypes.
MCF‐7 cells did not contain adenosine receptors as judged by the lack of an effect of nonselective agonists on adenylyl cyclase activity or intracellular Ca2+ levels. MDA‐MB‐231 cells showed both a stimulation of adenylyl cyclase and a PLC‐dependent increase in intracellular Ca2+ in response to nonselective adenosine receptor agonists.
Both adenosine‐mediated responses in MDA‐MB‐231 cells were observed with the nonselective agonists 5′‐N‐ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) and 2‐(3‐hydroxy‐3‐phenyl)propyn‐1‐yladenosine‐5′‐N‐ethyluronamide (PHPNECA), but no responses were observed with agonists selective for A1, A2A or A3 adenosine receptors. The Ca2+ signal was antagonized by 8‐cyclopentyl‐1,3‐dipropylxanthine (DPCPX) and the nonselective antagonist 9‐ethyl‐8‐furyladenine (ANR 152), but not by A2A or A3 selective compounds.
In radioligand binding with [2‐3H](4‐(2‐[7‐amino‐2‐(2‐furyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[2,3‐a][1,3,5]triazin‐5‐ylamino]ethyl)phenol) ([3H]ZM 241385), a specific binding site with a KD value of 87 nM and a Bmax value of 1600 fmol mg−1 membrane protein was identified in membranes from MDA‐MB‐231 cells.
The pharmacological characteristics provide evidence for the expression of an A2B adenosine receptor in MDA‐MB‐231 cells, which not only mediates a stimulation of adenylyl cyclase but also couples to a PLC‐dependent Ca2+ signal, most likely via Gq/11. The A2B receptor in such cancer cells may serve as a target to control cell growth and proliferation.
The selective expression of high levels of endogenous A2B receptors coupled to two signaling pathways make MDA‐MB‐231 cells a suitable model for this human adenosine receptor subtype.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 145, 211–218. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706180