bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incomplete Hydration during ‘Retrograde’ Metamorphism: ‘Barrovian’ Kyanite-, Staurolite-, Chloritoid-Bearing Pseudomorphs after Andalusite (Cap de Creus, E Pyrenees, Spain)
Authors: Pitra Pavel , Martínez Francisco José 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Metapelitic rocks from Cap de Creus (Eastern Pyrenees, Spain) have developed andalusite±cordierite-bearing assemblages during the Variscan low-pressure high-temperature metamorphism. Andalusite crystals are commonly transformed to very fine-grained assemblages containing white micas with various combinations of staurolite, kyanite, chloritoid, and/or biotite, chlorite, corundum. The hydrous character of the replacement minerals (pseudomorphing anhydrous andalusite) and the fact that transformation locally occurs along fractures, suggests that it was enhanced by fluid circulation.
Using calculated equilibrium-assemblage phase diagrams (pseudosections) for the analysed whole-rock compositions, the equilibration of the primary andalusite-bearing assemblage is constrained at ~3 ± 1 kbar and ~ 550 ± 30°C. The presence in the pseudomorphs of kyanite and staurolite, typical of Barrovian-type metamorphism, could suggest a pressure increase. However, P–T–M(H2O) modelling of phase equilibria for local bulk compositions of the pseudomorphed andalusite porphyroblasts points to the crystallisation of the observed pseudomorphs at low pressures (~2.5 kbar) and variable, but relatively low temperatures (~370–500°C), in an H2O-undersaturated environment due to the incomplete character of the hydration. In other words, the fluid incursion triggered the crystallisation of the hydrous pseudomorphing assemblages, but the fluid was consumed during this process, leading finally to fluid-absent, H2O-undersaturated conditions. This highlights the critical importance of considering the effects of H2O undersaturation during metamorphism. The partial hydration can be tentatively attributed to a prograde hydrothermal overprint associated with the development of shear zones during Jurassic stretching of a cooled Variscan crust, rather than ‘simple’ late-Variscan retrogression.
Gender differences in workplace incivility experiences and their impacts on the well-being and retention of women in law enforcement organizations
Authors: Davis Jill A , Jiang Zhongnan , Hassan Shahidul , DeHart-Davis Leisha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study examines differences in workplace incivility experiences between policewomen and policemen and the impacts of workplace incivility experiences on the emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions of policewomen. The analysis relies on survey data collected from 591 officers across 6 law enforcement organizations in the USA. The research reveals that, compared to policemen, policewomen report significantly higher levels of workplace incivility. Policewomen also report heightened emotional exhaustion and express a greater intention to leave their current positions than policemen. Moreover, the study finds that the increased workplace incivility experienced by policewomen exacerbates emotional exhaustion and may prompt them to consider leaving their organization. The implications of these findings for the well-being and retention of women in law enforcement organizations are thoroughly discussed.
Women police, legitimacy, and ethics of care
Authors: Schuck Amie M , Rabe-Hemp Cara E 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Calls for more women in policing are often associated with pleas to reform the police, operating under the assumption that women police differently than men and that increasing gender diversity in law enforcement agencies may be a catalyst for organizational change. These assertions are intertwined with attitudes related to how women exercise social control and beliefs about how policing would change if the virtues associated with a feminist ethics of care approach were elevated in the institution. Structural equation modelling was used with a sample of more than 16,000 community members from over 50 jurisdictions to explore research questions related to care ethics. The results show that attentiveness, responsiveness, compassion, and helping represent an underlying construct of care, which is strongly associated with community members’ satisfaction and their broader perceptions of the legitimacy of the police. The results also show that women officers demonstrate more care than men officers and that community members who are People of Color experience less care compared with White residents. Overall, the findings indicate that rethinking police responsibilities from a care perspective is a viable option for improving police–community relations and building legitimacy, particularly in marginalized communities.
TIMED-Design: flexible and accessible protein sequence design with convolutional neural networks
Authors: Castorina Leonardo V , Ünal Suleyman Mert , Subr Kartic , Wood Christopher W 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Sequence design is a crucial step in the process of designing or engineering proteins. Traditionally, physics-based methods have been used to solve for optimal sequences, with the main disadvantages being that they are computationally intensive for the end user. Deep learning-based methods offer an attractive alternative, outperforming physics-based methods at a significantly lower computational cost. In this paper, we explore the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for sequence design. We describe the development and benchmarking of a range of networks, as well as reimplementations of previously described CNNs. We demonstrate the flexibility of representing proteins in a three-dimensional voxel grid by encoding additional design constraints into the input data. Finally, we describe TIMED-Design, a web application and command line tool for exploring and applying the models described in this paper. The user interface will be available at the URL: https://pragmaticproteindesign.bio.ed.ac.uk/timed. The source code for TIMED-Design is available at https://github.com/wells-wood-research/timed-design.
The Legislative Process and Regulatory Interventions in the Greek Democracy: Deep-Rooted Weaknesses and Recommendations for Improvement
Authors: Petrakis Panagiotis E 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The economy’s legislative, regulatory, and institutional framework profoundly influences growth. It sets societal norms and motivates economic players towards desired outcomes. Greece faces a complex challenge in enhancing its institutional structure, with interconnected issues demanding comprehensive and persistent intervention. Political stability positively impacts regulatory quality, while instability prompts resistance to government changes, affecting legislation efficacy and governmental honesty. The study identifies two counterproductive forces hindering law improvement. First, the executive power’s reluctance to measure legislative effectiveness Second, there is a pervasive distrust in law enforcers, resulting in convoluted legal frameworks. This setup aligns with statism and a flawed concept of legal certainty. Improving the legal framework requires the executive to prioritize self-assessment of efficacy and trust in law enforcement—a cornerstone of effective liberal democracy. The study advocates specific policy guidelines tailored for the Greek state. Addressing these concerns mandates an all-encompassing, persistent, and introspective approach by those in power. Ultimately, fostering trust, measuring effectiveness, and simplifying legal constructs are vital for Greece to enhance its institutional framework and foster a more effective liberal democracy. Lastly, the provision of training to those who shape and evaluate the laws is crucial to ensure high-quality regulations and interventions.
Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum for Peyronie’s disease: a contemporary atlas of complications and their management
Authors: Furtado Thiago P , Osadchiy Vadim , Andino Juan J , Eleswarapu Sriram V , Mills Jesse N 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) remains the only Food and Drug Administration–approved medical treatment for Peyronie’s disease (PD). The initial IMPRESS I and II trials (Investigation for Maximal Peyronie’s Reduction Efficacy and Safety), which led to Food and Drug Administration approval, revealed a rate of treatment-related adverse events as high as 84%. Studies fail to provide clear definitions of complications.

Objectives
To review complications, provide a CCH complication atlas, and propose management strategies for commonly encountered complications.

Methods
We performed a literature review using PubMed. A photographic atlas was provided regarding complications in patients in a high-volume CCH center for PD.

Results
Complications were identified and classified by nature and severity. We followed a standardized previously published grading system for hematomas. Complications include bruising, swelling, hematoma formation, back pain, and, rarely, corporal rupture. Complications were discussed, and hematomas were graded by penile surface area. Complication photographs were graded and displayed. Treatment-related adverse effects do not affect overall results.

Conclusion
Recognizing and grading complications associated with CCH therapy for PD is crucial for effective patient management and informed decision making. A standardized grading system allows for consistency in reporting and comparing hematoma complication rates across studies and patient populations. Herein we provide images that will help clinicians identify and confidently manage common complications that may occur in any CCH program.
Introducing the Euro-Invasion Conflict Database 1513–1901
Authors: Bales Kevin , Annerfalk Christine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We introduce a comprehensive new dataset of conflicts, in chronological order, between the Indigenous Peoples of North America and Europeans seeking to colonize what is now the Continental United States. These data, covering 1,375 conflicts, were originally compiled as a book in 2007 by Michael L. Nunnally, a self-taught historian with a talent for careful data collection and analysis. A research team within the Rights Lab (University of Nottingham, U.K.), drew upon Nunnally’s American Indian Wars to code each recorded conflict (battle, skirmish, raid, massacre, etc.) along with other relevant information. The conflicts were then further researched by the Rights Lab team to add any missing information, resolve ambiguities or questions, and to find common conflict patterns through these centuries. The database holds thirty possible variables for each conflict. An example of one such variable is “genocidal massacre,” following the work of historian Benjamin Madley. Other variables include specifying and/or clarifying the identity of all participants; introducing, as often as possible, the exact or approximate GPS coordinates for each conflict; and noting who were the initiators of each conflict. The full Codebook is an Appendix to this article. To our knowledge, the database we are presenting is unique. We offer this dataset to scholars in the hope that it will allow for a more nuanced and deeper consideration of the history of the European invasion of North America over a four-hundred-year period.
Impact of Oncoplastic Surgery on Oncologic Outcomes in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Turgeon Michael K. , Willcox Lauren M. , Styblo Toncred M. , Losken Albert 
Published: January 2024

Background:
For patients with breast cancer, oncoplastic surgery (OPS) serves as a valuable technique that allows for immediate reconstruction at the time of resection. While the aim of OPS is to improve breast cosmesis, it is critical to ensure OPS does not negatively impact appropriate cancer treatment.

Methods:
Based on current literature, this study provides a broad overview on the potential oncologic advantages of OPS for patients diagnosed with breast cancer.

Results:
OPS has been shown to be a safe and reliable approach with oncologic advantages. More specifically, OPS broadens the indications for breast conservation therapy (BCT); allows for a more generous margin of resection, thus decreasing rates of re-excision; and provides the opportunity to sample additional breast tissue, which may detect occult disease. Reduction mammaplasty may also decrease the risk for developing breast cancer. Importantly, in the era of multimodality therapy, long-term oncologic outcomes and postoperative surveillance algorithms appear to be similar when comparing patients who undergo OPS and BCT.

Conclusions:
For patients with breast cancer, oncoplastic surgery has emerged as a valuable technique to improve breast cosmesis while achieving optimal oncologic outcomes. As the landscape of breast oncology continues to evolve, it is critical for a multidisciplinary team to be involved to guide management and reconstructive strategies.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture in treating low back and pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Aolin , Li Junwei , He Tao , Xie Hongliang , Mou Xuan , Yeung Tsz Ching , Chen Siming , Wang Chi Chiu , Fan Xiaohui , Li Lu 
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
Low back and pelvic girdle pain (LBPGP) is common during pregnancy. Acupuncture is an effective and safe therapy for pain relief. However, further evidence is required to confirm the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in treating LBPGP during pregnancy. This study aimed to systematically review and investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of pregnancy-related LBPGP.

Methods:
The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang databases were searched from January 2000 to August 2023. Only the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving pregnant women between 16 and 34 weeks of gestation diagnosed with LBPGP were included in the study. A meta-analysis was conducted and pooled risk ratios (RRs) or mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were compared.

Results:
Meta-analysis included 12 RCTs involving 1,641 participants. Eleven trials compared acupuncture alone or acupuncture combined with standard care (SC), of which three trials also used non-penetrating or placebo acupuncture as the control group. One trial compared acupuncture alone with non-penetrating acupuncture. Compared with SC, acupuncture combined with SC group significantly decreased visual analog scale score (mean difference (MD) = −2.83, 95% CI = −3.41 to −2.26, P < 0.00001), cesarean section rate (RR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.49–0.97, P = 0.03), preterm birth rate (RR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.27–0.65, P < 0.0001), labor duration (MD = −1.97, 95% CI = −2.73 to −1.20, P < 0.0001), and Oswestry disability index score (MD = −9.14, 95% CI = −15.68 to −2.42, P = 0.008). In addition, acupuncture combined with SC significantly improved 12-Items Short Form Health Survey of physical component summaries (SF12-PCS). No significant differences were observed in the spontaneous delivery rate, newborn weight, drowsiness, and 12-Items Short Form Health Survey of mental component summaries (SF12-MCS) between the two groups. Adverse events such as needle pain and needle bleeding were aggravated in both the SC and acupuncture treatment groups but none were associated with acupuncture during or after the treatment period.

Conclusions:
Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture combined with SC had better efficacy than SC alone and could be a potential therapy for LBPGP during pregnancy. The safety results imply that acupuncture caused few adverse reactions; however, more evidence is required for further confirmation.
Assessment of Radiation Doses to the General Public around Nuclear Power Plants Based on Representative Person Concept
Authors: Kim Ki Hoon , Seo Hyun Su , Jin Yong Ho , Kim Kwang Pyo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended that the representative person concept should be used in radiation dose assessment of the general public to specify exposed individuals. The objective of this study is to assess radiation doses of the residents around nuclear power plants (NPPs) in relation to the introduction of the representative person concept. Critical group candidates and representative agro-livestock product producing areas were selected around a NPP site by considering radioactive effluents and regional meteorological data, geographical information, etc. A total of five exposure scenarios, including adult (non-fishery, fishery, and commuter), 10-y-old, and 1-y-old groups, were selected for the dose assessment. Generally, radiation doses were higher for 1-y-old, 10-y-old, and adult groups, in that sequence. There was no significant difference among the radiation doses by occupation in adult groups. Radiation dose results calculated by applying the representative person concept and dose assessment method currently used in Korea were compared. Application of the representative person concept results in lower radiation dose by 68.2% due to consideration of actual residential and agro-livestock product producing areas for the radiation dose assessment, by 13.3% due to the application method of habit data for dose calculation, and by 33.3% due to representative value of the dose results. Finally, considering all the factors above, radiation dose calculated by the current dose assessment method was 8.16 × 10−2 mSv y−1, while that calculated using the representative person concept was 1.40 × 10−2 mSv y− 1 (82.8% lower). The results of this study can be used as reference data when introducing the representative person concept to the regulatory systems in Korea.
Far-infrared stimulation of Neiguan acupoints improves heart rate variability and ameliorate fatigue in hemodialysis patients: A randomized trial
Authors: Liao Ling-Yu , Chien Li-Wei , Liu Chi-Feng 
Published: January 2024

Background:
In 2018, 84 615 patients in Taiwan received hemodialysis, of which about 62% to 97% suffered from fatigue. Fatigue caused by hemodialysis may be mental or physical. However, the detailed mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate whether far-infrared stimulation of the Neiguan acupoint (P6) could effectively reduce fatigue and improve heart rate variability (HRV) in hemodialysis patients.

Methods:
We conducted a two-arm, randomized trial in a hemodialysis center between March 2015 and March 2016. A total of 73 hemodialysis patients were included and were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 37) and a control group (n = 36). The experimental group received far-infrared radiation on Neiguan acupoint during hemodialysis for 12 weeks. The outcomes were fatigue level and HRV.

Results:
All patients showed moderate fatigue (M = 26.00 ± 13.01, range = 0-78) at baseline. Far-infrared stimulation on Neiguan acupoint significantly reduced overall fatigue (β = 24, p < 0.001) and improved HRV (β = 74.36, p < 0.001). Compared to the control group, the experiment group had significantly reduced fatigue levels in all aspects such as reduced energy and motivation (β = −2.97, p < 0.001), reduced physical strength (β = −1.28, p < 0.01), reduced mental capability (β = −2.38, p < 0.001), reduction in daily activities (β = −1.48, p < 0.01), depressed mood and loss of control (β = −1.21, p< 0.05) as well as increased autonomous nervous system activity (β = 14.71, p < 0.01) in the third month of stimulation.

Conclusion:
Far-infrared stimulation of the Neiguan acupoints effectively reduces fatigue and increases autonomic nervous system activity in hemodialysis patients.
Lack of Identity and Suicidality
Authors: Russolillo Angela , Spidel Alicia , Kealy David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Identity disturbance has been connected to both psychological distress and suicidality, and associated with emotion dysregulation. However, despite empirical evidence of a relationship between lack of identity and poor psychiatric outcomes, the link between impaired identity and emotion dysregulation in suicide risk remains underexplored, particularly among individuals seeking outpatient mental health services. Using data from a large clinical sample (n = 246), the present study examined the association between lack of identity and suicidality and the role of emotion dysregulation within this process. Findings indicated that the mediation model was significant, with emotion regulation difficulties significantly mediating the association between lack of identity and future suicidal behavior. Furthermore, the indirect effect of lack of identity on anticipated suicidality remained significant beyond general distress and past suicide attempt. Our findings add to the literature examining the complex relationship among lack of identity, emotion regulation, and suicidality.
The Effect of Teach-Back on Readmission Rates in Rehabilitation Patients
Authors: Bidlespacher Kelly , Mulkey David C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Thirty-day readmissions often occur in rehabilitation patients and can happen for many reasons. One of those reasons is when patients do not fully understand how to effectively manage their health after discharge. The purpose of this evidence-based quality improvement project was to determine if implementing the teach-back intervention from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s (AHRQ) Health Literacy Universal Precautions Toolkit would impact 30-day readmission rates among adult rehabilitation patients.

Methods
Data were collected from the electronic health record of rehabilitation patients. The comparative group included all rehabilitation admissions for 8 weeks prior to the intervention. The implementation group was composed of the rehabilitation admissions for 8 weeks post-implementation. All patients were then followed for 30 days postdischarge to capture readmissions.

Results
The total sample size was 79 (n = 43 in the comparative group, n = 36 in the implementation group). There was a 45% decrease in the mean percentage of the 30-day readmission rate in the implementation group as compared with the comparative group

Conclusion
Based on the results, using the teach-back intervention from AHRQ’s Health Literacy Universal Precautions Toolkit may impact 30-day readmission rates.
Causal association of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder with post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Song Yuqing , Zhao Yi , Baranova Ancha , Cao Hongbao , Yue Weihua , Zhang Fuquan 
Published: January 2024

Background
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are two neurodevelopmental disorders that often result in individuals experiencing traumatic events. However, little is known about the connection between ADHD/ASD and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to investigate the genetic associations between these disorders.

Methods
Genetic correlation analysis was used to examine the genetic components shared between ADHD (38 691 cases and 275 986 controls), ASD (18 381 cases and 27 969 controls) and PTSD (23 212 cases and 151 447 controls). Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were employed to explore the bidirectional causal relationships between ADHD/ASD and PTSD.

Results
The results of the genetic correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations of PTSD with ADHD(rg = 0.70) and ASD (rg = 0.34). Furthermore, the Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that genetic liabilities to ADHD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–1.24; P = 7.88 × 10−4] and ASD (OR = 1.04; CI, 1.01–1.08; P = 0.014) were associated with an increased risk of developing PTSD later in life. However, no evidence supported that genetic liability to PTSD could elevate the risk of ADHD or ASD.

Conclusion
The findings of this study supported that ADHD and ASD may increase the risk of PTSD, but not vice versa.