bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nail psoriasis in China: A prospective multicentre study
Authors: Wang Shiqi , Zhu Jianjian , Wang Ping , Dong Jing , Li Yanling , Shi Dongmei , Wang Huiping , Huang Xi , Zhang Xibao , Yu Bo , Yang Ziliang , Chen Rixin , Wang Xiaopeng , Li Fuqiu , Bian Kunpeng , Huo Yuping , Yu Nan , Li Chen , Xia Xiujuan , Lu Jiejie , Li Junjie , Lu Yonghong , Xu Yonghao , Ding Yuan , Li Yuzhen , Kang Xiaojing , Li Ruoyu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundData on nail psoriasis (PsO) in China are scarce.ObjectivesTo provide nail PsO‐related data regarding epidemiologic characteristics, manifestations, fungal infections, arthritic complaints and treatments that may facilitate improved patient management globally.MethodsFrom August 2021 to August 2022, patients with nail PsO were enrolled in a prospective multicentre observational study at 25 hospitals in China. We collected and analysed data concerning nail PsO demography, clinical signs, fungal detection, arthritic symptoms and treatment.ResultsA total of 817 patients with nail PsO were involved, with a mean body mass index of 24.13 ± 2.93. In addition, 71.41% of the patients were male. The Nail PsO Severity Index score was weakly positively correlated with body surface area. The percentage of nail involvement was 95.29% for fingernails and 57.18% for toenails, with pitting (67.11%) and subungual hyperkeratosis (60.40%) being the most prevalent manifestations, respectively. Toenails showed a significantly higher frequency of nailfold scales, subungual hyperkeratosis and nail plate crumbling and a lower frequency of splinter haemorrhages, pitting and erythema of the lunula. A total of 13.26% of the PsO patients had onychomycosis, and 77.08% were observed in the toenails. Articular symptoms were reported by 12.17% of the patients, with the peripheral type being predominant. Significant associations between articular symptoms and nailfold swelling, subungual hyperkeratosis, nailfold scales, onycholysis and longitudinal ridges were found. Only 2.30% (20 out of 871) of patients with nail PsO received treatment. The most frequently employed therapy for cutaneous PsO with nail involvement was biologic therapy (n = 366).ConclusionsPsO showed distinct manifestations in the toenails and fingernails. Additionally, toenail PsO combined with onychomycosis requires special attention. Articular symptoms in psoriatic patients are associated with specific nail changes. It is important to research and advocate for more potent treatments for nail PsO.
A prospective cohort study of a new electrosurgical unit for preventing colorectal post‐endoscopic submucosal dissection coagulation syndrome
Authors: Shimura Takaya , Iwasaki Hiroyasu , Ozeki Takanori , Katano Takahito , Okuda Yusuke , Mizuno Yusuke , Fukusada Shigeki , Sugimura Naomi , Kitagawa Mika , Nishie Hirotada , Kataoka Hiromi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimPost‐endoscopic submucosal dissection coagulation syndrome (PECS) is a recognized complication of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD); however, there is a lack of interventions for preventing PECS. We therefore conducted a prospective study to evaluate the utility of maXium, a novel electrosurgical unit, for preventing PECS.MethodsThis single‐center, prospective cohort study prospectively enrolled patients undergoing colorectal ESD. The voltage and power of the electrosurgical units were measured. PECS was defined as a visual analog scale (VAS) ≥ 30 mm, an increase of VAS ≥ 20 mm from baseline, body temperature ≥ 37.5°C, or white blood cell count ≥ 10 000/μL after ESD. PECS was classified into type I (without extra‐luminal air) and type II (with peri‐luminal air). The primary endpoint was the incidence of PECS. A sample size of 92 patients was required to ensure the upper limit of the 90% CI for the incidence of PECS was less than 15%.ResultsAt resistances greater than 400 Ω, the maXium unit allowed submucosal dissection with lower power than with the VIO300D unit. Ninety‐one patients meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the final study analysis. The incidence of PECS was 16% (90% CI, 10–23%), comprising type I (11%) and type II (5%) PECS. Simple extra‐luminal air without PECS was observed in 7% of patients.ConclusionUse of the maXium electrosurgical unit did not reduce the incidence of PECS after colorectal ESD; however, the maXium unit had equivalent performance to a conventional electrosurgical unit used for colorectal ESD.
Lower eyelid position after ptosis repair in patients with blepharoptosis
Authors: Eshraghi Bahram , Karami Safoora , Zandi Alireza , Pourazizi Mohsen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo determine the changes in the lower eyelid position, following ptosis surgery of the upper eyelid of the same eye in blepharoptosis patients.MethodsThis prospective interventional before and after study included patients aged more than 5 years with blepharoptosis. Margin reflex distance one (MRD‐1), MRD two (MRD‐2), and levator function were measured before and the 6 months after the surgery.ResultsSixty patients with blepharoptosis (33 congenital and 27 acquired) were recruited. The mean age was 21.61 ± 10.82 and 59.8 ± 13.73 years in congenital and acquired groups, respectively. The mean MRD‐1 improved from 1.95 ± 0.99 before treatment to 4.47 ± 0.47 after treatment (p < 0.001). The mean MRD‐2 improved from 5.57 ± 0.63 before treatment to 4.95 ± 0.51 after treatment (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in MRD‐1 and MRD‐2 changes between the two groups (p > 0.05) There was no statistically significant correlation between MRD‐2 changes and LF (r = −0.03. p = 0.83).ConclusionPresent study showed a significant improvement in the condition of the lower eyelid improved after upper eyelid ptosis surgery.
Dietary supplementation with a wheat polar lipid complex improves skin conditions in women with dry skin and mild‐to‐moderate skin aging
Authors: Kern Catherine , Dudonné Stéphanie , Garcia Christine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAging, menopause, and seasonal changes alter the lipid composition of the outermost skin layer, the stratum corneum, resulting in dry and itchy skin.AimsThis clinical trial aimed at evaluating the effects of a wheat polar lipid complex (WPLC) on skin characteristics in women showing dry and wrinkled skin, investigating its effects in a subgroup of postmenopausal women, and assessing if benefits were maintained after supplementation.MethodsSeventy‐two women with dry and wrinkled skin were recruited in this double‐blind, randomized, parallel‐group study, and allocated to three groups of 24 subjects, each including at least 10 postmenopausal women. For 56 days, subjects consumed the WPLC supplement (oil or powder), or the placebo. Skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), elasticity, and profilometry were evaluated at baseline, after 14, 28, and 56 days of supplementation, and 56 days after the end of supplementation. Additionally, a lipidomic analysis was performed to examine changes in superficial skin layers over 56 days.ResultsDietary supplementation with WPLC rapidly improved all parameters. It increased skin hydration, smoothness, and elasticity while decreasing TEWL, roughness, and wrinkle depth after only 14 days of supplementation. These effects were also observed in the subpopulation of postmenopausal women and led to an improved self‐perception of skin. For all the parameters, outcomes were not maintained after the supplementation was stopped. The lipidomic analysis revealed 10 compounds evolving over the 56 days of WPLC supplementation.ConclusionWPLC supplementation improved skin hydration, smoothness, elasticity, and wrinkledness within 14 days and, as expected, did not last after supplementation was stopped.
Life on the beach: Movements and growth of a coastal amphibian vary with distance to the sea
Authors: Lorrain‐Soligon L. , Robin F. , Palier S. , Lelong V. , Jankovic M. , Brischoux F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProximity to the seashore is a critical structuring factor of coastal wetlands due to its influence on varying sources of nutrients (marine and terrestrial) and on the spatial gradient of salinity (higher salinity closer to the seashore). The spatial gradient of salinity may impact organisms because most organisms need to maintain an osmotic balance. Osmoregulation is energetically costly, and exposure to salinity should induce a trade‐off in energetic allocation between osmoregulation and other competing functions such as growth rates and movement patterns. In this study, we used a capture–mark–recapture design during 3 consecutive years to investigate how distance to the sea influences growth rates and foraging movements (outside reproduction) in the western spadefoot toad (Pelobates cultripes), a typical coastal amphibian, in three populations from the French Atlantic coast. Growth rates were lower in larger individuals and in individuals living closer to the seashore. Distances travelled between captures were very limited (~20 m). Between years, these distances were larger for individuals located on the beach rather than inland, but were not influenced by body size or sex. Exposure to salinity and associated costs of osmoregulation may explain lower growth rates closer to the shoreline. The mechanisms underlying the effects of location on distances between captures remain to be identified, but may be related to foraging for abundant prey items on the wrack line. Our study confirms the remarkable terrestrial site fidelity in P. cultripes, which might be detrimental to coastal populations if localized perturbations affect coastal environments.
Salivary biomarkers: Effective diagnostic tool for oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liew Yoon Xuan , Kadir Kathreena , Phan Chia Wei , Leong Kok Hoong , Kallarakkal Thomas George , Tilakaratne Wanninayake Mudiyanselage 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify potential salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia.Materials and MethodsAn advance search from PubMed and Hindawi was performed with keywords; oral leukoplakia/oral squamous cell carcinoma, salivary biomarker and diagnosis/prognosis. An additional search of articles was done through a manual search from the Google Scholar database.ResultsTwenty studies involving salivary biomarkers as diagnostic tools for oral squamous cell carcinoma and/or oral leukoplakia were identified. A narrative review was carried out.ConclusionSingle or multiple salivary biomarkers reported by most studies have shown great potential as diagnostic tools for oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral leukoplakia. However, the validation of sensitivity and specificity should be carried out to ensure the accuracy of the biomarkers. Furthermore, a standardised method for saliva collection should be established to prevent variability in the expression of biomarkers.
The coffee leaf rust pandemic: An ever‐present danger to coffee production
Authors: Koutouleas Athina , Collinge David B. , Boa Eric 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCoffee leaf rust (CLR) is caused by the biotrophic pathogenic fungus Hemileia vastatrix. Despite being the most researched coffee disease, mysteries still exist relating to its epidemiology and biology. The objective of this work is to highlight past and present events concerning this prominent coffee disease. We start with an historical overview of the homeland of Coffea arabica, the Afromontane forest of south‐west Ethiopia, and then follow its journey across the globe linked to colonial trade and power struggles. We report the relevance of CLR to coffee production today, with a focus on the Americas and summarize unproven hypotheses in relation to the cause of recent epidemics. We present an original hypothesis concerning the first major outbreak occurring in 1869 in Ceylon (Sri Lanka), based on geopolitical connections to global trade. We review old and new options for management of the disease. The likelihood of a yet undetected alternate host of H. vastatrix is also considered as an additional piece of the epidemiological puzzle. Finally, we reflect on the interactions between H. vastatrix and a changing climate. By better understanding past events, linked to CLR, we may be better prepared for future outbreaks.
A large sequenced mutant library – valuable reverse genetic resource that covers 98% of sorghum genes
Authors: Jiao Yinping , Nigam Deepti , Barry Kerrie , Daum Chris , Yoshinaga Yuko , Lipzen Anna , Khan Adil , Parasa Sai‐Praneeth , Wei Sharon , Lu Zhenyuan , Tello‐Ruiz Marcela K. , Dhiman Pallavi , Burow Gloria , Hayes Chad , Chen Junping , Brandizzi Federica , Mortimer Jenny , Ware Doreen , Xin Zhanguo 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYMutant populations are crucial for functional genomics and discovering novel traits for crop breeding. Sorghum, a drought and heat‐tolerant C4 species, requires a vast, large‐scale, annotated, and sequenced mutant resource to enhance crop improvement through functional genomics research. Here, we report a sorghum large‐scale sequenced mutant population with 9.5 million ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)‐induced mutations that covered 98% of sorghum's annotated genes using inbred line BTx623. Remarkably, a total of 610 320 mutations within the promoter and enhancer regions of 18 000 and 11 790 genes, respectively, can be leveraged for novel research of cis‐regulatory elements. A comparison of the distribution of mutations in the large‐scale mutant library and sorghum association panel (SAP) provides insights into the influence of selection. EMS‐induced mutations appeared to be random across different regions of the genome without significant enrichment in different sections of a gene, including the 5′ UTR, gene body, and 3′‐UTR. In contrast, there were low variation density in the coding and UTR regions in the SAP. Based on the Ka/Ks value, the mutant library (~1) experienced little selection, unlike the SAP (0.40), which has been strongly selected through breeding. All mutation data are publicly searchable through SorbMutDB (https://www.depts.ttu.edu/igcast/sorbmutdb.php) and SorghumBase (https://sorghumbase.org/). This current large‐scale sequence‐indexed sorghum mutant population is a crucial resource that enriched the sorghum gene pool with novel diversity and a highly valuable tool for the Poaceae family, that will advance plant biology research and crop breeding.
The Production of Liberty Motor Parts at the Ford Plant
Authors: Verner W. F. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with the production of Liberty motor cylinders and connecting-rod crankshaft bearings as carried on at the Ford Motor Company’s plant at Detroit. The contract made with the United Stales Government called for 5000 motors and these were to be produced at the rate of 50 per day of eight hours. To do this, important developments in the methods of manufacture were brought about by the Production Department of the Ford Motor Company.
One of these was the method of producing cylinders from tubing. Six operations were necessary and the author describes them in detail. The methods employed to produce connecting-rod crankshaft bearings likewise resulted in a great saving of time. Twenty-one operations were found necessary for this work and a complete description of each is given. The paper concludes with an explanation of the method of installing bearings in the upper and lower halves of the Liberty motor crankcase.
Fire Engines and the Essentials of Fire Fighting
Authors: Fox Charles H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The importance of the fire engine and the methods employed in fire fighting are frequently underestimated by both layman and engineer, and this is due in no small part to the fact that the principles involved are not sufficiently understood. In this paper the author presents the essentials of effective fire fighting and shows the important relation thereto of the fire engine.
A brief historical sketch of the development of the fire engine is first given, and performances and methods of rating fire engines, as outlined by the National Board of Fire Underwriters, are next presented. The paper concludes with a discussion of the losses in fire hose and the determination of nozzle areas.
A Suggested Formula for Rating Kerosene Engines
Authors: Arnold D. L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
At the present time there is no standard method of rating kerosene oil engines, and consequently engines of the same displacement are given different ratings by each manufacturer. A standard formula would therefore be of value and in this paper the writer discusses the various formulæ now in use and suggests that a piston displacement of 13,000 cu. in. per minute be taken as one brake horsepower. The subject of a standard nameplate is also discussed and a suggested form is given.
Pulverized Coal for Stationary Boilers
Authors: Scheffler Fred’k A. , Barnhurst H. G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
It is the purpose of this paper to present those facts which the authors believe indicate the coming general adoption of pulverized coal as a fuel for boilers. Since stoker firing is the most efficient method when solid fuels are used, a comparison of stoker and pulverized-fuel plants is given, with particular reference to reliability, cost, adaptability and efficiency. The cost of pulverizing coal and the cost of stoker operation are discussed in detail and tables given showing results of tests on pulverized-fuel plants and data regarding boiler installations using pulverized coal as a fuel.
Flow of Water Through Condenser Tubes
Authors: De Baufre William L. , Stuart Milton C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper the authors give particulars regarding an extended series of tests recently conducted at the United States Naval Engineering Experiment Station at Annapolis, Md., to determine the friction loss of water flowing through ⅝-in. No. 18 gage standard condenser tubes. The investigations covered variable velocities, water temperatures, and tube lengths, as well as the effect of both fresh and salt water. The results obtained are presented in tabular form and from them a general formula has been derived which gives the total drop in pressure due to entrance and exit losses and to frictional resistance within the tube.
Influence of Friction Stir Additive Manufacturing Parameters on Dry Friction and Wear Properties of Al–Mg–Si Alloy's Built Surfaces Fabricated by Sheet Lamination
Authors: Das Ankan , Biswas Pankaj , Kapil Sajan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this article, friction stir additive manufacturing, a solid-state process for rapid fabrication of large components, is employed to investigate laminated Al–Mg–Si alloy blocks. The study delves into microstructural changes, hardness distribution, and wear behavior on two distinct surfaces using various parameters such as rotational speed (800 rpm and 1200 rpm), traverse speed (41 mm/min and 82 mm/min), and a 50% pin overlap for block fabrication. Macrographs demonstrate the influence of adjacent toolpath overlap on layer integrity through interfacial mixing and consolidation of plastically deformed material. Within the overall stirred zone, re-stirring effects lead to refined grain formation and the dissolution of Mg2Si precipitates, resulting in an uneven micro-hardness distribution due to varying thermal cycles. Notably, specimens with a traverse speed of 41 mm/min exhibit reduced wear loss, attributed to microstructural changes that enhance resistance to plastic deformation during sliding, thereby improving tribo-layer stability. This enhancement is attributed to increased hardness arising from refined grains and the strain-hardening effect. Interestingly, the study finds that the horizontal surface of the fabricated blocks displays superior wear resistance compared to the vertical surface, due to the more homogeneous microstructure in individual layers. Further analysis using field emission scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy unveils the presence of glaze layers, oxide films, galling surfaces, grooving, trimming impacts, plowing marks, and the accumulation of wear debris within wide pits and on worn-out pin surfaces. Scar morphology reveals that both abrasive and adhesive wear mechanisms contribute to volumetric losses in the specimens.
The Role of the ABREN and WtERT-Brasil Association in Advancing Sustainable Waste Management in Brazil
Authors: Tisi Yuri Schmitke Almeida Belchior 
Published: December 2023

One of the biggest problems in Latin America, and particularly in Brazil, is the poor management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), the consequences of which being countless damage to the environment and public health. More than 50 years behind in terms of waste management compared to developed countries, Brazil still endorses outdated practices such as landfills as being environmentally appropriate. This is what the article 3, section VIII of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) established by Law no. 12.305/2010, provides for when defining landfills as “environmentally appropriate” whereas in practice it would be an outdated, non-sustainable way of managing Municipal Solid Waste (MSW).
Brazil produced 82.4 million tons of MSW in 2020, out of which 3.9% recycled and sent for composting, 60.2% to landfills and the remainder 30.2 million tons (or 39.8% of all waste) dumped by 2,868 municipalities in dumps or unsanitary landfills (ABRELPE, 2021), without even mentioning that dumping waste in a unsanitary landfill or dumpsites constitutes an environmental crime. This shows the structural flaws in public policies that have resulted in irreversible environmental damage for present and future generations in Brazil.
Front Matter
Authors: Castaldi Marco J. , Ali Snehesh S. 
Published: December 2023

This frontmatter contains the welcome letter and table of contents. It is available for free by clicking on the PDF icon below.
eBook keywords: sustainable waste management, waste streams, waste sustainability, waste management practices, waste-to-energy, waste management regulation, municipal solid waste, waste generation rates, waste pollution, waste industry, circular economy, recycling, energy policy.
Arcanobacterium canis
strain DSM 25104 isolated from an English bulldog suffering from otitis externa: complete genome sequence
Authors: Borowiak Maria , Kreitlow Antonia , Malorny Burkhard , Lämmler Christoph , Prenger-Berninghoff Ellen , Plötz Madeleine , Abdulmawjood Amir 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Many species of the genus
Arcanobacterium
are known as opportunistic pathogens and have been isolated in association with infectious diseases in humans and animals. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of another opportunistic pathogenic representative, namely
Arcanobacterium canis
, isolated from the otitis externa of an English bulldog.
Complete genome sequences of
Bifidobacterium faecale
strain JCM19861
T
, isolated from human feces
Authors: Okuhama Shinnosuke , Takahashi Hidenori , Nakayama Yasunori , Ogata Yusuke , Suda Wataru 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the
Bifidobacterium faecale
strain JCM 19861
T
(= CU 3-7
T
= KACC 17904
T
), isolated from infant feces by Jung-Hye Choi’s group in 2014. The
B. faecale
JCM 19861
T
genome comprised a circular chromosome of 2,213,206 bp, with a G + C content of 59.0%.