bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lattice preferred orientation of quartz in granitic gneisses from Tso Morari Crystalline Complex, Eastern Ladakh, trans-Himalaya: evaluating effect of Dauphiné twin in dynamic recrystallization during exhumation
Authors: Dey Alosree , Sen Koushik , Mamtani Manish A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Tso Morari Crystalline complex (TMCC) of eastern Ladakh, India, is part of the north Indian continental margin and is characterized by eclogitic enclaves embedded within ortho- and paragneisses known as the Puga Gneiss. Two fault zones bound the TMCC: the Karzok fault to the southwest and the Zildat fault to the northeast. In the present study, we carried out Electron Backscatter Diffraction study of quartz of 10 samples collected from the Puga Gneiss. The relict and recrystallized quartz grains were treated separately to understand the deformation conditions of the Puga Gneiss during early and late deformation stages related to UHP metamorphism and final stage of exhumation during retrogression, respectively. Microstructural observations suggest dynamic recrystallization in quartz and plagioclase at different temperature ranges. Misorientation analysis of both relict and recrystallized quartz grains reveals presence of Dauphiné Twins. Lattice preferred Orientation (LPO) of <c> axis of relict quartz grains generally shows more than one point maxima indicating that the relict grains preserve LPO developed during different stages of metamorphism/deformation. On the other hand, LPO of <c> axis of recrystallized grains from Karzok and Zildat fault zones shows asymmetric single girdle either normal or at an angle to the foliation plane, which suggests simple shear. We conclude that grain size reduction and recrystallization of the Puga Gneiss was greatly influenced by Dauphiné Twin and the final exhumation of the TMCC took place in a simple shear environment aided by activity along its two binding fault zones.
The odd octopus: identification and burrowing behaviour of a deep-water octopus, Muusoctopus leioderma, found in a shallow-water bay
Authors: Kore Lydia G. , Johnson Bobbi M. , Winters Misa , Onthank Kirt L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cephalopod populations have expanded over recent decades, both numerically and geographically. These expansions are particularly noteworthy because cephalopods are a taxon of quickly reproducing, high-metabolic rate predators that can have disproportionate impacts on naïve ecosystems. We report a new occurrence of an octopus species in 11.6 m of water in Burrows Bay, Washington, USA (coastal northeast Pacific Ocean). These newly identified individuals have several characteristics that clearly differentiate them from either of the two known octopus species that occur in shallow water within the area: Octopus rubescens and Enteroctopus dofleini. Instead, specimens superficially resemble Muusoctopus leioderma, a species which is found in the geographic area, but has never been reported at depths less than 70 m. Octopuses were collected for morphological and genetic comparison to known octopus species, focusing on other nominal Muusoctopus species. Genetic comparisons were conducted using three mitochondrial loci (12S ribosomal RNA, cytochrome oxidase subunit III, and cytochrome b) sequenced for the octopus along with two M. leioderma museum specimens, including the species' neotype. Observation of octopus behaviour revealed a unique burrowing behaviour. Morphology of the octopus found in Burrows Bay largely coincides with M. leioderma, with a few notable differences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Burrows Bay octopus forms a monophyletic clade with the M. leioderma neotype, but also suggested that M. leioderma is more closely related to Octopus californicus than to the other members of the genus Muusoctopus. These octopuses are thus attributed to M. leioderma but the generic placement of the species should be reviewed.
On cooperative libertines and wicked puritans
Authors: Giner-Sorolla Roger , Myers Simon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We agree with Fitouchi et al. that self-denial is sometimes moralized to signal capacity for cooperation, but propose that a person's cooperative character is more precisely judged by willingness to follow cultural, group, and interpersonal goals, for which many rules can serve as proxies, including rules about abstention. But asceticism is not a moral signal if its aims are destructive, while indulging impulses in a culturally approved way can also signal cooperation.
Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater: Indulging in harmless pleasures can support self-regulation and foster cooperation
Authors: Becker Daniela , Bernecker Katharina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this commentary we challenge Fitouchi et al.'s puritanical morality account by presenting evidence showing (1) that pursuing harmless pleasures can actually support self-regulation, and (2) that sharing pleasurable experiences can foster cooperation. We conclude that puritanical morality is not as adaptive as presented, and may even suppress the potential benefits pleasure can have for the individual and society.
Evolutionary research confirms that a need for collective action increases puritanism
Authors: Fog Agner 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent findings in evolutionary psychology explain how moral disciplining is connected to the need for collective action. Morals are strict in societies affected by war or perceived collective danger, but loose where peace and security prevail. This theory supplements the moral disciplining theory by providing an evolutionary explanation for the postulated link between puritanism and the need for cooperation.
Puritanical morality: Cooperation or coercion?
Authors: Barenthin Glenn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The suggestion that there is a need to moralize bodily pleasures for uncooperative self-control failures doesn't fit with the historical record. I counter that the development of puritanical values was an instrument of coercion and control, rather than an adaptation for cooperation. Confusing cooperation with coercion and moral principles with conventional norms leads to misconceptions about societal arrangements.
Greenness and biodiversity of open spaces in primary schools and their local surroundings in England
Authors: Howlett Kate , Turner Edgar C 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThere is increasing disconnect between children and nature in the UK. Given that childhood nature experiences are important for the development of nature connection, well-being benefits and aspects of children’s development, mapping the existing biodiversity that children are exposed to on a daily basis in schools and their grounds is vital to identifying areas of low biodiversity and to developing strategies to increase exposure to nature. Despite children spending a large portion of time at schools, there has not yet been an in-depth, in situ assessment of the biodiversity present in school grounds. Using a sample of 14 English schools, including state-funded and non-state-funded schools, we used remote images to quantify green-space area within a 3–km buffer around (buffer greenness) and within (school greenness) each school, including the school’s grounds surrounding the buildings, and in situ images to quantify vegetation visible to children within each school’s grounds (visible vegetation). We also surveyed trees, ground plants, ground invertebrates and birds within school grounds. School greenness correlated positively with visible vegetation, but buffer greenness was not related to either school greenness or visible vegetation. Buffer greenness correlated positively with plant richness, and school greenness correlated positively with tree abundance and richness. Visible vegetation correlated positively with tree abundance and richness, maximum tree diameter at breast height, plant richness and invertebrate abundance. Non-state-funded schools had higher visible vegetation than state-funded schools. Our sample indicates that schools can support considerable biodiversity and that this is broadly consistent across state-funded and non-state-funded schools. We suggest that increasing the amount of vegetation, through planting of trees, shrubs and borders, may be the most effective method of increasing school biodiversity, as visible vegetation had effects on the greatest number of taxa.
Failure in reflective functioning as a key factor in the association between problematic social networking sites use, attachment and childhood maltreatment: A network analysis approach on gender differences
Authors: Bassi Giulia , Mancinelli Elisa , Salcuni Silvia , Gori Alessio , Musetti Alessandro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFollowing a network analysis approach, the present study aims to explore the pattern of mutual relationships between failure in reflective functioning (RF) – defined as hypomentalization – problematic social networking sites use (PSNSU), attachment anxiety and avoidance, and childhood maltreatment among emerging adults, with a focus on gender differences. The study sample comprises N = 1,614 emerging adults (Mage = 23.84; SD = 3.21; 50% identified themselves as women) who completed online self-assessment measures. Results showed significantly greater PSNSU, hypomentalization, childhood emotional abuse, and both attachment avoidance and anxiety among women. Indeed, within the network analysis, performed separately for men and women, network-specific associative patterns were observed; yet also similarities have emerged. Within the women’s network, differently from males, attachment avoidance connects, through attachment anxiety, to emotional abuse, mood modification related to PSNSU, and hypomentalization. Nonetheless, hypomentalization was central in both networks, functioning as a hub between attachment anxiety, the PSNSU cluster, and the childhood maltreatment cluster. These results shed light on the use of social network sites as a potential maladaptive emotion regulation strategy, particularly among women. In this regard, the role of RF should be considered as a key treatment target to reduce PSNSU and support the use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies.
Validation of Version 1.3 Ozone Measured by the SOFIE Instrument
Authors: Das S. , Bailey S. M. , Hervig M. E. , Thurairajah B. , Marshall B. T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment (SOFIE) has operated aboard the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) satellite since 2007. SOFIE uses solar occultation to retrieve ozone (O3) profiles from ∼20 to 100 km altitude, typically at polar latitudes. This study validates SOFIE O3 profiles, including error analysis and comparisons with independent observations. Comparisons are made to the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE‐FTS) and the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) satellite instruments. SOFIE shows qualitative and quantitative agreement with both data sets between 30 and 70 km and better overall agreement in the northern hemisphere. SOFIE and ACE mean differences are typically within 20% in the 30–70 km altitude range. SOFIE and MIPAS exhibit mean difference values within 30% in the winter and 20% for all other seasons averaged, between ∼30 and 60 km. Seasonal comparisons indicate similar variations in both hemispheres and through all seasons. The comparisons indicate that SOFIE is biased 5%–10% low at 30–70 km altitudes, with greater differences at higher and lower altitudes. The comparisons are challenging due to the low O3 concentrations at high altitudes, the limited number of coincidences, and the large diurnal variation in mesospheric O3 during twilight hours.
Are Volatiles From Subducted Ridges on the Pampean Flat Slab Fracking the Crust? Evidence From an Enhanced Seismicity Catalog
Authors: Maharaj A. , Roecker S. , Alvarado P. , Trad S. , Beck S. , Comte D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSeamounts and ridges are often invoked to explain subduction‐related phenomena such as flat slab generation, but the extent of their involvement remains controversial. An analysis of seismicity in the region of the Pampean flat slab through an application of an automated catalog generation algorithm resulted in 35,924 well constrained local earthquake hypocenters and a total of 12,172 focal mechanisms. Several new features related to the subduction of the Juan Fernandez Ridge (JFR) were discovered, including (a) a series of parallel lineaments of seismicity in the subducted Nazca plate separated by about 50 km and trending about 20°, and (b) a strong spatial correlation between these deeper (>80 km depth) regions of intense seismicity and concentrations of activity in the crust almost directly above it. Focal mechanisms of the deeper events are almost exclusively (∼81%) normal, while those in the crust are predominantly (∼70%) reverse. The deeper lineaments mirror the orientation and spacing of several seamount chains seen on the Nazca plate, suggesting that these patterns are caused by the same types of features at depth. This would imply that relatively minor features persist as slab anomalies long after they are subducted. The correlation of the deeper seismicity that defines these features with seismicity in the mid to lower crust suggests a genetic relation between the two. We postulate that volatiles from the subducted ridges percolate into the South American crust and induce seismicity essentially by fracking it.
An Isotopologue‐Enabled Model (∆47, ∆48) for Describing Thermal Fluid‐Carbonate Interaction in Open and Closed Diagenetic Systems
Authors: Staudigel Philip , Pederson Chelsea , van der Lubbe Jeroen , Bernecker Miguel , Tagliavento Mattia , Davies Amelia , Immenhauser Adrian , Fiebig Jens 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe geochemical and ultrastructural properties of thermally altered skeletal carbonate are expected to be compromised to varying degrees by disequilibrium processes between solids and the ambient aqueous fluids. When assessing the alteration history of carbonates, it is important to apply models that quantitatively describe these diagenetic processes on multiple geochemical systems, such that they can be identified in natural samples. Carbonate clumped isotope analysis provides a unique tool for validating such models and can be combined with other geochemical tools/proxies to more comprehensively describe the processes and products. Here, we have analyzed bivalve shells that have undergone hydrothermal alteration (experimental diagenesis) in high water/rock ratio experiments at 130 and 160°C, demonstrating that non‐linear changes in ∆47 and ∆48 values can be attributed to heterogeneous replacement of precursor carbonates. Importantly, this model predicts decoupled ∆47 and ∆48 values, despite all reactions occurring at clumped isotope equilibrium with respect to the experimental temperature. We demonstrate that the rapid, thermally induced re‐equilibration occurs in a “closed system” with minimal exchange with the ambient fluid, similar to the results of heating experiments conducted without an extraneous fluid. Later, stages of alteration occur in an “open system” wherein internal fluid is exchanged with the external fluid at a similar rate to recrystallization and neomorphism. In these experiments, some oxygen from the original inorganic‐organic composite‐biomineral is inherited, indicating restrictions on the availability of fluid oxygen. Our experiments and models validate a novel application for dual‐clumped isotopes for reconstructing hydrothermal temperatures and fluid δ18O compositions.
The Impact of Space Radiation on Brains of Future Martian and Lunar Explorers
Authors: Li Yuncong , Guo Jingnan , Khaksarighiri Salman , Dobynde Mikhail Igorevich , Zhang Jian , Liu Bailiang , Wimmer‐Schweingruber Robert F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAstronauts will be facing many risks when they are away from Earth's environment, among which radiation is one of the most vital and troublesome issues. Space radiation exposure from energetic particles of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) and Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) can adversely impact the Central Nervous System (CNS) by inducing acute (i.e., mission critical) and chronic (i.e., post‐mission) effects, respectively. Recently, Brain Response Functions (BRFs) based on a realistic brain structure have been developed to model cosmic‐ray induced dose in the brain (Khaksarighiri et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2020.07.003). In this study, to quantify the radiation induced dose and evaluate the radiation risk to the CNS of the astronauts on the surface of Mars and Moon and in deep space, we use GCR/SEP spectral models together with Mars/Moon radiation transport codes to obtain the radiation field to which astronauts are exposed, and derive the absorbed dose in the brain with BRFs. Our calculations show that GCR induced absorbed dose per month in the brain does not reach the 30‐day limit for CNS (500 mGy) as defined by NASA on either Martian or lunar surface. Based on the spectra and frequency of historical extreme SEP events recorded at Earth as ground‐level enhancement events over past five solar cycles, our results suggest that the CNS of astronauts will be generally “safe” on the Martian surface, but those on the lunar surface or in deep space may face radiation risks in their CNS if not well shielded during such extreme events.
European LeukemiaNet laboratory recommendations for the diagnosis and management of chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Cross Nicholas C. P. , Ernst Thomas , Branford Susan , Cayuela Jean-Michel , Deininger Michael , Fabarius Alice , Kim Dennis Dong Hwan , Machova Polakova Katerina , Radich Jerald P. , Hehlmann Rüdiger , Hochhaus Andreas , Apperley Jane F. , Soverini Simona 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFrom the laboratory perspective, effective management of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) requires accurate diagnosis, assessment of prognostic markers, sequential assessment of levels of residual disease and investigation of possible reasons for resistance, relapse or progression. Our scientific and clinical knowledge underpinning these requirements continues to evolve, as do laboratory methods and technologies. The European LeukemiaNet convened an expert panel to critically consider the current status of genetic laboratory approaches to help diagnose and manage CML patients. Our recommendations focus on current best practice and highlight the strengths and pitfalls of commonly used laboratory tests.
An extra-erythrocyte role of haemoglobin body in chondrocyte hypoxia adaption
Authors: Zhang Feng , Zhang Bo , Wang Yuying , Jiang Runmin , Liu Jin , Wei Yuexian , Gao Xinyue , Zhu Yichao , Wang Xinli , Sun Mao , Kang Junjun , Liu Yingying , You Guoxing , Wei Ding , Xin Jiajia , Bao Junxiang , Wang Meiqing , Gu Yu , Wang Zhe , Ye Jing , Guo Shuangping , Huang Hongyan , Sun Qiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough haemoglobin is a known carrier of oxygen in erythrocytes that functions to transport oxygen over a long range, its physiological roles outside erythrocytes are largely elusive1,2. Here we found that chondrocytes produced massive amounts of haemoglobin to form eosin-positive bodies in their cytoplasm. The haemoglobin body (Hedy) is a membraneless condensate characterized by phase separation. Production of haemoglobin in chondrocytes is controlled by hypoxia and is dependent on KLF1 rather than the HIF1/2α pathway. Deletion of haemoglobin in chondrocytes leads to Hedy loss along with severe hypoxia, enhanced glycolysis and extensive cell death in the centre of cartilaginous tissue, which is attributed to the loss of the Hedy-controlled oxygen supply under hypoxic conditions. These results demonstrate an extra-erythrocyte role of haemoglobin in chondrocytes, and uncover a heretofore unrecognized mechanism in which chondrocytes survive a hypoxic environment through Hedy.
Phishing detection on Ethereum via transaction subgraphs embedding
Authors: Lv Haifeng , Ding Yong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of blockchain technology in the financial sector, the security of blockchain is being put to the test due to an increase in phishing fraud. Therefore, it is essential to study more effective measures and better solutions. Graph models have been proven to provide abundant information for downstream assignments. In this study, a graph‐based embedding classification method is proposed for phishing detection on Ethereum by modeling its transaction records using subgraphs. Initially, the transaction data of normal addresses and an equal number of confirmed phishing addresses are collected through web crawling. Multiple subgraphs using the collected transaction records are constructed, with each subgraph containing a target address and its nearby transaction network. To extract features of the addresses, a modified Graph2Vec model called imgraph2vec is designed, which considers block height, timestamp, and amount of transactions. Finally, the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm is employed to detect phishing and normal addresses. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves good performance in phishing detection, indicating the effectiveness of imgraph2vec in feature acquisition of transaction networks compared to existing models.
Distributed reactive power management in multi‐agent energy systems considering voltage profile improvement
Authors: Tofighi‐Milani Mahyar , Fattaheian‐Dehkordi Sajjad , Fotuhi‐Firuzabad Mahmud , Lehtonen Matti 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn recent years, distributed structures have been developed in distribution networks as a result of privatization as well as integration of independently operated distributed energy resources (DERs) into the grid. In this context, effective management techniques seem to be necessary to enable decentralized operation of systems that have been consisted of multiple agents. Accordingly, novel management schemes should be applied in such systems to enable the distributed reactive power management, which would finally improve voltage profile in the network. As a result, this paper develops a distributed algorithm for reactive power management in multi‐agent distribution systems with the aim of improving the voltage profile of the grid. Correspondingly, in the proposed framework, several cost functions are developed to model the effects of reactive power management on the system from the distribution system operator (DSO) as well as agents’ perspectives. Consequently, the proposed reactive power management algorithm would result in voltage profile improvement, while each agent of the system merely strives to maximize its own profits. Accordingly, the proposed scheme ensures the privacy of independent agents. Finally, the proposed scheme is applied on the modified IEEE‐37‐bus test system to investigate its effectiveness on Peer‐to‐Peer (P2P) reactive power management in multi‐agent systems.