bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern-Recognition Processes of First-Grade Students: An Explorative Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Baumanns Lukas , Pitta-Pantazi Demetra , Demosthenous Eleni , Lilienthal Achim J. , Christou Constantinos , Schindler Maike 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecognizing patterns is an essential skill in early mathematics education. However, first graders often have difficulties with tasks such as extending patterns of the form ABCABC. Studies show that this pattern-recognition ability is a good predictor of later pre-algebraic skills and mathematical achievement in general, or the development of mathematical difficulties on the other hand. To be able to foster children’s pattern-recognition ability, it is crucial to investigate and understand their pattern-recognition processes early on. However, only a few studies have investigated the processes used to recognize patterns and how these processes are adapted to different patterns. These studies used external observations or relied on children’s self-reports, yet young students often lack the ability to properly report their strategies. This paper presents the results of an empirical study using eye-tracking technology to investigate the pattern-recognition processes of 22 first-grade students. In particular, we investigated students with and without the risk of developing mathematical difficulties. The analyses of the students’ eye movements reveal that the students used four different processes to recognize patterns—a finding that refines knowledge about pattern-recognition processes from previous research. In addition, we found that for patterns with different units of repeat (i.e. ABABAB versus ABCABCABC), the pattern-recognition processes used differed significantly for students at risk of developing mathematical difficulties but not for students without such risk. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the pattern-recognition processes of first-grade students, laying the foundation for enhanced, targeted support, especially for students at risk of developing mathematical difficulties.
The mechanics of the friction-assisted lateral extrusion process
Authors: Tóth László S. , Sepsi Máté , Szűcs Máté , Kumaran Surya N. , Lowe Terry C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe friction-assisted lateral extrusion process (FALEP) is gaining attention as a candidate for fabricating high-performance ultrafine grain alloys for potential industrial applications. It consists of extruding metal in bulk or powder form into a solid sheet in a single operation to obtain ultrafine-grained (UFG) structures. The sheet has high yield strength due to its UFG microstructure and a shear-type crystallographic texture that is fundamentally different from the textures of sheets obtained by rolling. Apart from its single-step feature, FALEP requires lower forces than in rolling, so less energy is required to achieve large reductions. The present work introduces analytical elastic/plastic continuum calculations for the mechanics of the FALEP process. The results of the calculations demonstrate the great advantages of FALEP with respect to rolling and equal/non-equal channel angular pressings.
Graphical Abstract
A Novel Homozygous Germline Mutation in Transferrin Receptor 1 (TfR1) Leads to Combined Immunodeficiency and Provides New Insights into Iron-Immunity Axis
Authors: Aba Ümran , Maslak İbrahim Cemal , İpşir Canberk , Pehlivan Damla , Warnock Nicholas I. , Tumes Damon J. , Cildir Gökhan , Erman Baran 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA homozygous missense mutation in the transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), also known as CD71, leads to a rare inborn error of immunity (IEI) characterized by the impaired lymphocyte activation and proliferation due to defective iron uptake of cells. However, only one causative mutation (c.58T > C, p.Y20H) in the TFRC gene coding for TfR1 has been reported so far. We herein identified a new disease-causing homozygous germline mutation in the TFRC gene (c.64C > T, p.R22W) (referred to as TfR1R22W from now on) in a Turkish patient with combined immunodeficiency (CID). TfR1R22W results in impaired TfR1 internalization similar to previously defined TfR1Y20H mutation. We found that TfR1R22W is associated with severely restricted B and T lymphocyte clonal diversity and impaired T cell activation and cytokine production as well as defective mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in helper T cells. In addition, circulating NK, Treg, and MAIT cell populations were significantly decreased in the patient. Using whole transcriptome analysis, we found dysregulated immune homeostasis and novel biological processes associated with TfR1R22W. We also identified a considerable expansion of circulating low-density neutrophils (LDNs) in patient’s PBMCs. Overall, TfR1R22W mutation expands the current understanding of the IEI associated with TfR1 dysfunction and provides new insights underlying impaired immune function, lymphocyte diversity, and granulocyte homeostasis.
Thermalization of a SQUID Chip at Cryogenic Temperature: Thermal Conductance Measurement for GE 7031 Varnish Glue, Apiezon N Grease and Rubber Cement Between 20 and 200 mK
Authors: D’Andrea M. , Torrioli G. , Macculi C. , Kiviranta M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the context of the ATHENA X-IFU Cryogenic AntiCoincidence detector (CryoAC) development, we have studied the thermalization properties of a 2 × 2 mm SQUID chip. The chip is glued on a front-end PCB and operated on the cold stage of a dilution refrigerator (TBASE < 20 mK). We performed thermal conductance measurements by using different materials to glue the SQUID chip on the PCB. These have been repeated in subsequent cryostat runs, to highlight degradation effects due to thermal cycles. Here, we present the results obtained by glues and greases widely used in cryogenic environments, i.e., GE 7031 Varnish Glue, Apiezon N Grease and Rubber Cement.
TP53 to mediate immune escape in tumor microenvironment: an overview of the research progress
Authors: Zhu Kai-li , Su Fei , Yang Jing-ru , Xiao Ruo-wen , Wu Rui-yue , Cao Meng-yue , Ling Xiao-ling , Zhang Tao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that key cancer-causing driver genes continue to exert a sustained influence on the tumor microenvironment (TME), highlighting the importance of immunotherapeutic targeting of gene mutations in governing tumor progression. TP53 is a prominent tumor suppressor that encodes the p53 protein, which controls the initiation and progression of different tumor types. Wild-type p53 maintains cell homeostasis and genomic instability through complex pathways, and mutant p53 (Mut p53) promotes tumor occurrence and development by regulating the TME. To date, it has been wildly considered that TP53 is able to mediate tumor immune escape. Herein, we summarized the relationship between TP53 gene and tumors, discussed the mechanism of Mut p53 mediated tumor immune escape, and summarized the progress of applying p53 protein in immunotherapy. This study will provide a basic basis for further exploration of therapeutic strategies targeting p53 protein.
Locational Analysis of In-motion Wireless Power Transfer System for Long-distance Trips by Electric Vehicles: Optimal Locations and Economic Rationality in Japanese Expressway Network
Authors: Honma Yudai , Hasegawa Daisuke , Hata Katsuhiro , Oguchi Takashi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe popularization of electric vehicles (EVs) is limited by their driving range and long charging times. To address this, in-motion wireless power transfer systems (WPTSs) are currently attracting attention as a new power supply system. In-motion WPTSs have coils embedded under the road to transfer power from the WPTSs to EVs while driving. However, the main drawback of WPTSs is their large investment, especially in supporting the long-distance trips of EVs on expressways. Therefore, this study proposes a new mixed-integer programming model (MIP) to determine the optimal location of WPTSs for maximized total feasible flow demand. By focusing on long-distance trips on expressways, we propose the first flow-capturing model for WPTS locations that can (i) solve for the distance of WPTS installed as continuous variables, and (ii) solve problems based on real-scale data using a general MIP solver. Our method is extended to a discussion of WPTS installations on expressways in Japan. We observe that WPTS has strong potential as an EV power supply system in terms of coverage and economic rationality. In particular, WPTS has economic rationality not only in busy networks but also in sparsely populated networks that connect urban and rural areas. Thus, this study clarifies the important insights of WPTSs in improving their effectivity to narrow down the demand and ensure the flexibility in the locations of WPTS.
Palaeoseismological assessment for a seismic gap located very close to the epicentre of the 30 October 2020 Samos Earthquake (M6.9), western Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Öncü Umut , Sözbilir Hasan , Özkaymak Çağlar , Softa Mustafa , Sümer Ökmen , Eski Semih , Spencer Joel Q. G. , Şahiner Eren , Yüksel Mehmet , Meriç Niyazi , Topaksu Mustafa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Tuzla Fault (TF), considered one of the most important seismic sources in İzmir province, is defined as a strike–slip fault with N10E–N60E striking between Gaziemir and Doğanbey districts. A 50-km-long fault consists of three segments which are, from north to south Çatalca, Orhanlı, and Doğanbey segments. Recent studies claim that the part of the TF extending to Kuşadası Bay is also in a kinematic relationship with the Samos Fault that caused an earthquake on 30 October 2020 (Mw = 6.9). In this study, in order to analyse the historical behaviour of the fault, three trench-based palaeoseismology studies across the fault scarp were conducted on three geometric segments of the TF. Palaeoseismology findings show that seven historic/prehistoric earthquakes were generated by TF. According to Oxcal distribution using the Bayesian methods, the time of the events lie between 46.2 ± 6.1 and 1.6 ± 0.3 ka. When the events are compared with the historical earthquakes, the last event is correlated with the earthquakes of 47 AD and/or 177/178 AD on the Doğanbey segment. Moreover, the other events can be attributed to the late Pleistocene–Holocene earthquakes that are prehistorical periods. Our results provide a recurrence interval of an earthquake along the TF to between 0.7 and 4.3 ka for the Holocene period. The elapsed time since the most recent surface faulting earthquake on the TF is 1844 years. It is suggested that it is predicted that TF has the potential to produce destructive earthquakes in the near future, especially in Orhanlı and Çatalca segments which may be considered as a seismic gap.
Enhancing Science Education Through Visual Art and Complex Storytelling Using the Book “The Case Study of Einstein, Eddington, and the Eclipse: Travel Impressions”
Authors: Simões Ana , Sousa Ana Matilde 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper delves into the innovative integration of arts in science education, as exemplified by the book Einstein, Eddington, and the Eclipse: Travel Impressions. The book uniquely combines a history of science essay and a graphic novel, collaboratively created by Ana Simões, a historian of science, and Ana Matilde Sousa, an artist. Diverging from conventional science communication comics, the graphic novel section adopts an “art comics” style, with experimental aesthetics and complex storytelling, challenging the notion that comics oversimplify scientific concepts and events. This paper primarily focuses on the creative processes, themes, and decisions involved in the making of the graphic novel, showcasing how it synergizes with the essay to present a rich tapestry of the global context, societal impact, and diverse individuals involved in the 1919 British astronomical expeditions which proved Einstein’s light bending prediction. Additionally, this paper also serves as a practical resource/tool for educators, offering a “skeleton key” that engages students, particularly science undergraduates, in critical thinking about scientific and historical content. It underscores the significant role of visual arts in enriching science education and highlights the book’s contribution to the evolving landscape of STEAM education.
False-name-proof and strategy-proof voting rules under separable preferences
Authors: Fioravanti Federico , Massó Jordi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe consider the problem of a society that uses a voting rule to choose a subset from a given set of objects (candidates, binary issues, or alike). We assume that voters’ preferences over subsets of objects are separable: adding an object to a set leads to a better set if and only if the object is good (as a singleton set, the object is better than the empty set). A voting rule is strategy-proof if no voter benefits by not revealing its preferences truthfully and it is false-name-proof if no voter benefits by submitting several votes under other identities. We characterize all voting rules that satisfy false-name-proofness, strategy-proofness, and ontoness as the class of voting rules in which an object is chosen if it has either at least one vote in every society or a unanimous vote in every society. To do this, we first prove that if a voting rule is false-name-proof, strategy-proof, and onto, then the identities of the voters are not important.
On the use of MiniCPS for conducting rigorous security experiments in Software-Defined Industrial Control Systems
Authors: Etxezarreta Xabier , Garitano Iñaki , Iturbe Mikel , Zurutuza Urko 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSoftware-Defined Networking (SDN) offers a global view over the network and the ability of centrally and dynamically managing network flows, making them ideal for creating security threat detection and mitigation solutions. Industrial networks possess specific characteristics that make them well-suited for such solutions, leading to extensive research efforts in this area. However, due to the high economic cost and potential risks associated with real equipment interaction, most studies rely on testbeds for demonstration purposes. Therefore, it becomes crucial to understand the limitations and safe operating ranges of testbed environments to ensure the development of scientifically rigorous experiments and accurate result measurements. This study focuses on analyzing MiniCPS-based testbeds in terms of network performance, experiment replicability, and the effects of different attacker implementation modes. The findings demonstrate that utilizing MiniCPS on actual hardware enables the development of highly replicable and high-performance testbeds, as long as they operate within the predefined safe operating ranges. Additionally, this work provides an in-depth analysis of various attacker implementation techniques and their impact on the network.
To charge or not to charge? Using Prospect Theory to model the tradeoffs of electric vehicle users
Authors: Pelka S. , Bosch A. , Chappin E. J. L. , Liesenhoff F. , Kühnbach M. , de Vries L. J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectric vehicle (EV) users who aim to become flexibility providers face a tradeoff between staying in control of charging and minimizing their electricity costs. The common practice is to charge immediately after plugging in and use more electricity than necessary. Changing this can increase the EV’s flexibility potential and reduce electricity costs. Our extended electricity cost optimization model systematically examines how different changes to this practice influence electricity costs. Based on the Prospect Theory and substantiated by empirical data, it captures EV users’ tradeoff between relinquishing control and reducing charging costs. Lowering the need to control charging results in disproportionally large savings in electricity costs. This finding incentivizes EV-users to relinquish even more control of charging. We analyzed changes to two charging settings that express the need for control. We found that changing only one setting offsets the other and reduces its positive effect on cost savings. Behavioral aspects, such as rebound effects and inertia that are widely documented in the literature, support this finding and underline the fit of our model extension to capture different charging behaviors. Our findings suggest that service providers should convince EV-users to relinquish control of both settings.
Effect of Thickness and Thermal Treatment on the Electrical Performance of 2D MoS2 Monolayer and Multilayer Field-Effect Transistors
Authors: Martínez B. A. Muñiz , Salazar Mario Flores , Rao M. G. Syamala , de Luna Bugallo Andrés , Ramirez-Bon R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe deposited high-quality molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayer and multilayer crystals on SiO2/Si substrates, by means of a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process at atmospheric pressure. Notably, NaCl salt was used as component of the precursors to assist the growth of MoS2 crystals, which were intended for use as the active channel layer in the fabrication of field-effect transistors (FETs). The resulting MoS2 crystals from this CVD process were analyzed by optical, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopies, and by Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies. The optical images and the micrographs obtained by SEM revealed the formation of dispersed MoS2 crystals with a triangular shape all over the SiO2 surface. The thickness of the MoS2 crystals, analyzed by atomic force microscopy, showed minimum values of around 0.7 nm, confirming the formation of monolayers. Additionally, multilayers with larger thickness were also identified. The Raman and photoluminescence spectra of the MoS2 crystals corroborated the formation of single and multiple layers. The fabrication of the FET back-SiO2 -gate configuration was made by depositing patterned source and drain Ti contacts on the dispersed MoS2 crystals to achieve the Ti/MoS2/SiO2/Si layer stacks. MoS2-based FETs with one and three layers were assembled and their electrical response analyzed by I–V output and transfer curves showing the typical characteristics of an n-type semiconductor channel operating in depletion mode. The electrical performance parameters of the devices, such as mobility and threshold voltage, were also determined from this analysis. Finally, to enhance their electrical response, the MoS2-based devices were thermally annealed at 200 °C for 30 min in Ar atmosphere. The increase in the mobility of the device was 176% compared to the device before the treatment.
Phytochemical composition and biological activity of native Australian ginger (Alpinia caerulea)
Authors: Johnson Joel B. , Batley Ryan J. , Mani Janice S. , du Preez Ryan , Trotter Tieneke , Netzel Michael E. , Naiker Mani 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe edible, endemic Australian species Alpinia caerulea belongs to the same family as ginger and turmeric. The rhizome and fruit have a mild ginger-like flavour, but there is very little information on its chemical composition or potential biological activities. This study found low levels of ascorbic acid in the fruit and fruit capsule (2.3–3.4 mg/100 g fresh weight), as well as detecting six polyphenols (rutin, quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin, vanillic acid, kaempferol and chlorogenic acid) across all of the plant parts. The volatile profile of the rhizome was also explored for the first time. The volatiles were dominated (91.7%) by (E)-8(17),12-labdadiene-15,16-dial, but included 20 other minor constituents; mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Extracts showed no inhibitory activity against tyrosinase or cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), but moderate anti-acetylcholinesterase was found for the rhizome and stem extracts. Further investigation into A. caerulea and other species from this genus will help to elucidate their full nutritional and bioactive potential.
Spielt der Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus eine Rolle im Profifußball?
Authors: Fietze Ingo , Ossadnik Sarah , Rosenblum Elisabeth-Maria , Glos Martin 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungProfisporttreibende weisen häufig einen gestörten Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus auf, der sowohl durch irreguläre Trainingstage als auch unregelmäßige Wochenrhythmen bestimmt wird und darüber hinaus durch spezielle Zeitpläne anspruchsvoller Wettkämpfe. Dies gilt auch für Fußballspieler und Fußballspielerinnen, die typischerweise an Wochentagen trainieren und meist am Wochenende an Spielen teilnehmen.Inwieweit das individuelle Schlaf-Wach-Verhalten und insbesondere das Powernapping die Trainingsplanung beeinflussen, war das Ziel einer Befragung von 56 Herrenmannschaften der Bundesligen inkl. der dritten Liga und 12 Damenmannschaften der Bundesliga. Insgesamt wurden 700 Trainer und Betreuer gebeten, die Umfrage zu beantworten.Es konnten 35 ausgefüllte Fragebögen ausgewertet werden. Die Ergebnisse demonstrieren, dass das Thema Schlaf im Profifußball wichtig ist; in 50 % der Fälle wird es sogar bei der Trainingsplanung berücksichtigt. Darüber hinaus gaben mehr als 50 % an, dass ein Powernapping vor den Spielen zum Trainingsprogramm gehört und morgens und mittags eine geringere Konzentration zu beobachten ist. Im Gegensatz dazu zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass es an Wissen über den individuellen Chronotyp der Spieler und den individuellen Aktivitäts-Ruhe-Zyklus mangelt.Eine gemeinsame Forschung von Sportbetreuern und Medizinern kann das Wissen über die Bedeutung des erholsamen Schlafes und eines ausgewogenen Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus im Profifußball verbessern und könnte den zahlreichen Vereinen, welche in diesen Bereichen ein Defizit aufweisen, zum Beispiel Präventionstools zur Verfügung stellen, um die Leistungsreserve Schlaf besser zu nutzen und individualisierte Ruhe-Aktivitäts-Regime zu etablieren.
Production of AA 2014 Matrix Wollostanite/Wood Ash Solid Waste Particle Reinforced Hybrid Composite with Powder Metallurgy and Investigation of Its Structural Properties
Authors: Gökmeşe Hakan , Bülbül Şaban 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, using AA 2014 aluminum alloy, AA2014/wollastanite, AA2014/wood ash, and AA2014/wollastanite/wood ash composite hybrid materials were produced by powder metallurgy method. The powders, whose mixing ratios were determined by weight, were mixed in a 3-dimensional mixer for 30 min. The prepared mixture powders were pressed uniformly under a pressure of 700 MPa, and cylindrical materials with a diameter of 10 mm were obtained. Then, the materials were sintered for 1 h under argon gas flow at a temperature of 600°C. The density, microstructure, hardness, and wear behavior of the materials were examined. It was observed that the density of the composite materials increased relatively compared to AA 2014 alloy. As the particle reinforcement ratios increased, porosity amounts also increased in the composite and especially in the hybrid materials. In the wood ash-reinforced composite materials, the particles were distributed more homogeneously in the microstructure. The highest hardness value obtained was 70.65 HV in AA2014/15% wollastanite composite material. The weight loss increased in the materials created by particle reinforcement, and the lowest weight loss (170 mg) was determined in this material.