bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of acute salpingitis with sulbactam/ampicillin
Authors: Bruhat M.A. , LeBouedec G. , Pouly J.L. , Mage G. , Canis M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe combination of sulbactam/ampicillin was compared to cefoxitin for the treatment of acute salpingitis in 40 women divided into two groups of 20 women each. There were 11 patients in each group who were given doxycycline because of evidence of chlamydial infection. All patients were diagnosed by laparoscopic examination and evaluated by the same procedure 7–12 weeks later. At the second laparoscopy, only 1 of the 20 patients (5%) treated with sulbactam/ampicillin had severe adhesions, while 6 of the 20 patients (40%) treated with cefoxitin had severe adhesions. Tubal patency was without obstruction in 14 patients (70%) given the combination treatment and in 12 patients (60%) given cefoxitin. Side effects were essentially absent in both groups.
Labor outcome of juvenile primiparae in a population with a high incidence of contracted pelvis
Authors: Fisk N.M. , Shweni P.M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractLabor outcome of primiparae less than 17 years was compared with non‐juvenile primiparae in a population with a high incidence of contracted pelvis. Juvenile primiparae were referred to hospital on the basis of age, whereas non‐juveniles were referred for an obstetric complication. There was no statistical difference in rates of cesarean section, Ventouse, operative delivery, low birth weight, or perinatal mortality between 538 juveniles and 5294 older “high risk” mothers. Symphysiotomy rates were actually higher in the juveniles (12.6% vs. 9.7%, P < 0.05). These data support the practice of hospital referral for juvenile African women in labor.
Urinary excretion of N‐acetyl‐β‐d‐glucosaminidase and alanine aminopeptidase during pregnancy
Authors: Strigini F. , Melis G.B. , Gasperini M. , Ronca G. , Palmieri L. , Fioretti P. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe assay of enzyme activity in urine seems a reliable and safe method to monitor different kidney diseases. However, its use in pregnant patients might be limited by the modifications of kidney function during pregnancy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the trend of excretion of the lysosomal enzyme N‐acetyl‐β‐d‐glucosaminidase (NAG) and the brush border enzyme alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) during uncomplicated pregnancies. NAG excretion showed a significant increase (P < 0.001) throughout pregnancy, while no significant modification of AAP levels was demonstrated. These data support the hypothesis that the two enzymes are excreted into the urine through different mechanisms and might constitute markers for different pathological events. As the increase of NAG excretion may be related to the kidney functional adaptation to pregnancy, different cut‐off limits must be established in this period.
Postcoital vesico‐vaginal fistula following surgery for cancer cervix
Authors: Oumachigui A. , Reddy N.S. , Rajaram P. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA 25‐year‐old parous woman was treated with radical hysterectomy for cancer of the cervix. Six months later she developed a vesico‐vaginal fistula following coitus. The fistula was repaired and vaginal reconstruction performed. Sexual dysfunction and the need for vaginal reconstruction are discussed.
Placental malaria and pregnancy outcome
Authors: Ibhanesebhor S.E. , Okolo A.A. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractMalaria parasitemia was assessed in 312 placentae of singleton deliveries in Benin. The prevalence rate was 45.19%. The dominant infecting specie was Plasmodium falciparum. High density parasitemia of placental smear in 44.68% was associated with preterm delivery, low birthweight, intrauterine growth retardation and neonatal mortality. Placental histological diagnosis of malaria in 57.69% was more frequently associated with intrauterine growth retardation. Extraplacental parasitemia decreased but intraplacental parasitemia increased with gestational age.
Prolonged pregnancy: the management dilemma
Authors: Herabutya Y. , ‐Prasertsawat P.O. , Tongyai T. , Isarangura Na Ayudthya N. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn a prospective randomized study, pregnancies with unfavorable cervix and well established gestational age of at least 42 weeks were selected for management by either antepartum fetal testing or prostaglandin gel induction of labor. Of the 108 pregnancies studied, 57 (53%) had labor induced and 51 (47%) continued without intervention. Comparison of the two groups showed no difference in meconium staining, fetal distress, length of first stage of labor, the need for intervention, or the mode of delivery. In terms of Apgar score the neonatal outcome was not significantly different but a greater proportion of the babies (7.8% versus 1.8%) in the noninduced group required intubation. Our data show that there is no particular advantage in letting the pregnancy go beyond 42 completed weeks of gestation especially if prostaglandin is available for induction of labor.
The challenge of grandmultiparity in Nigerian obstetric practice
Authors: Ozumba B.C. , Igwegbe A.O. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA retrospective analysis of 733 Nigerian grandmultiparae seen at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) over a 3 year period was carried out. A high incidence of grandmultiparity (11%) was noted, and most of them (62%) belonged to the lower socioeconomic class. Anemia, hypertensive diseases, abruptio placentae, breech presentation and abnormal lie were significant complications of grandmultiparity. The incidence of multiple pregnancy, low birthweight babies, cesarean deliveries and perinatal deaths were markedly increased in the grandmultipara. Improvement in socioeconomic conditions of the populace, health education and widespread practice of family planning are suggested to reduce the incidence of grandmultiparity.
A conservative surgical treatment of cervical pregnancy with active bleeding ‐ uterine artery ligation and cervicotomy
Authors: Su T.H. , Wang Y.D. , Chen C.P. , Lei S.Y. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractCervical pregnancy complicated with massive bleeding usually results in abdominal hysterectomy, and thus the patient loses her fertility potential. Conservative management to control active hemorrhaging as well as to preserve reproductive function is necessary for women who desire more children. We present four patients with cervical pregnancy, complicated by life threatening hemorrhage, who were successfully treated with uterine artery ligation and cervicotomy. Subsequently, one patient had two successful term pregnancies delivered by cesarean section.
Bilateral and synchronous cervical carcinoma in situ in a didelphic uterus
Authors: Bakri Y. , Salem H. , Sadi A.R. , Mansour M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA case is reported of a bilateral and synchronous cervical squamous cell carcinoma in situ in a patient with uterus didelphys. Bilateral simultaneous conizations of both cervices were curative. Theories of tumor origin in such a case are discussed.
A new nonsurgical technique for termination of intrauterine pregnancy associated with large multiple uterine leiomyomas
Authors: Buckshee K. , Dhond A.J. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractMedical termination of a first trimester intrauterine pregnancy associated with large and multiple leiomyomas posed a unique problem because the sac was inaccessible per vaginum for surgical or vacuum evacuation. The use of prostaglandins was contraindicated due to a past history of bronchial asthma. But intraamniotic and intraplacental instillation of methotrexate, 25 mg at each site, under ultrasound guidance resulted in termination of pregnancy. No side effects or complications were observed after the procedure.
The obstetric performance of sickle cell disease patients and homozygous hemoglobin C disease patients in Ile‐Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Dare F.O. , Makinde O.O. , Faasuba O.B. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn a 9‐year period (1980–1988), 46 delivered hemoglobinopathy patients were studied. There was a high incidence of complications during pregnancy. The perinatal and maternal mortalities were 13.4% and 9.2% respectively. The complications could be minimized by adequate supervision in pregnancy, labor and puerperium.
Sonographic assessment of the incompetent cervix in pregnancy
Authors: Nzeh D.A. , Adetoro O.O. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractUltrasonography (US) was done in 40 women with a history of recurrent midtrimester abortion. The results were compared with those of a control group who consisted of 53 women with no previous history of abortion and had had at least one full term pregnancy with normal vaginal delivery. Mean internal cervical os diameters of 16.0 mm and 22.5 mm at 10 and 27 weeks gestation respectively were recorded in the cervical incompetent patients while mean values of 7.7 mm and 14.5 mm at 13 and 28 weeks gestation were observed in the normal control subjects. Full analysis of covariance showed statistically significant difference in the internal os diameter between the control group and the cervical incompetence cases (t90 = 9.33, P < 0.001).
Vaginal microbial flora as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of uterine cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Guijon F. , Paraskevas M. , Rand F. , Heywood E. , Brunham R. , McNicol P. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe vaginal microbial flora of 106 women with histopathologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and 79 women without disease, was evaluated for Gardnerella vaginalis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans and other yeasts. Flora morphology was assessed by gram staining of secretions. Cervical cultures were examined for Herpes Simplex virus, Cytomegalovirus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Chlamydia trachomatis antigens in cervical secretions were detected by enzyme immunoassay. Human Papillomavirus was identified by koilocytosis in cytologic or histopathologic specimens. Human Papillomavirus infection (P < 0.00001), vaginal infection with Mycoplasma hominis (P = 0.012) and abnormal vaginal flora (P = 0.006) were significantly associated with CIN, suggesting that CIN may be promoted by vaginal microorganisms in conjunction with human papillomavirus cervical infection.
Carcinoma of the uterine cervix and schistosomiasis
Authors: Moubayed P. , Lepère J.‐F. , Mwakyoma H. , Neuvians D. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of carcinoma of the uterine cervix and its relationship to schistosomiasis infection. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of a 10‐year period (1980–1990) at the department of histopathology (cancer registry) of the University of Dar es Salaam using statistical evaluation of the proportional rate of histomorphological diagnosis, clinical symptoms and epidemiological aspects. RESULTS: There were 4520 cases classified as cervical carcinoma. Unexpectedly, only 76 of these (1.7%) revealed an association with schistosomiasis. Precancerous lesions of the squamous epithelium of the uterine cervix were a relatively common feature in carcinoma of both groups. Furthermore, epidemiological analysis indicates that the occurrence of cancer and schistosomiasis infection of the cervix is not strictly confined to the population of rural regions, known as endemic areas, with low hygienic and socioeconomic standards. This fact is most probably due to the rural people moving into urban areas, hoping to improve their quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Our data do not support the assumption of an etiologic role of schistosomiasis in the oncogenesis of cervical carcinoma.
Second trimester sonographically diagnosed placenta previa: Prediction of persistent previa at birth
Authors: Zelop C.C. , Bromley B. , Frigoletto F.D. , Benacerraf B.R. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the natural history of second trimester sonographically diagnosed placenta previa, and to ascertain whether the position of the placenta with respect to the cervical os at second trimester sonography can accurately predict persistence of the placenta previa at term. METHODS: The study population included all women consecutively diagnosed by ultrasound with placenta previa between 14 and 20 weeks' gestation. Medical records of the patients requiring cesarean section were reviewed to determine the presence of placenta previa. We reviewed the second trimester sonogram of patients who underwent abdominal delivery for placental and nonplacental indications to determine whether the central (symmetrical) versus the partial (asymmetrial) position of the placenta with respect to the internal os predicted the presence of placenta previa at delivery. RESULTS: A total of 925 second trimester‐patients were sonographically identified as having placenta previa. Two hundred and sixty seven patients underwent cesarean delivery, 43 of which had placenta previa (43/925 or 4.6%). Twenty‐two of the 43 were asymptomatic without anteparturn bleeding. Analysis of the second trimester position of the placenta revealed that symmetry of the placenta with respect to the internal os at second trimester scan had a sensitivity of 49% for prediction of placenta previa at birth. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of placental symmetry with respect to the internal os during the second trimester successfully predicted the previas most likely to persist at delivery with a sensitivity of 49% (95% CI 34–64) and specificity of 93%.
Grandmultiparity — not to be feared? An analysis of grandmultiparous women receiving modern antenatal care
Authors: Hughes P.F. , Morrison J. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To document the reproductive performance of grandmultiparous women receiving modern antenatal care. METHODS: A cross‐sectional study of 2784 multiparous (882 grandmultiparous) mothers delivered in a base hospital obstetric unit staffed by westerntrained midwives and consultant obstetrical staff. RESULTS: There were minimal differences in major antenatal, peripartum and neonatal outcome events, with the exception of a high rate of gestational and pre‐existing diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: This data supports the opinion that grandmultiparity per se is not necessarily a major risk factor for either mother or fetus. Similarly, the mature grandmultigravida in this population was not at significantly increased risk of the alleged associations of increased parity and advancing maternal age, with the exception of diabetes. Together with the combined prevalence of maternal anemia this requires further investigation and probable intervention, particularly in the light of recent speculation concerning the fetal and infant origins of adult disease.
Detection of congenital cytomegalovirus infection by using chorionic villi of the early pregnancy and polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Dong Z.‐W. , Yan C. , Yi W. , Cui Y.‐Q. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVE: To detect congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of chorionic villi in early pregnancy. METHODS: Extraction of DNA of chorionic villi and amplification of the gene of major immediate‐early (MIE) antigen of CM V using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: Sixty‐eight specimens of chorionic villi and 16 specimens were positive for CMV infection by PCR. The incidence of congenital CMV infection in the first trimester of pregnancy was 23.5%. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of transmission of CMV from mother to fetus in early pregnancy is very high and potential CMV carriers may transmit CMV to their fetus in early pregnancy.
Reconstruction of the external genitalia in females with bladder exstrophy
Authors: Damario M.A. , Carpenter S.E. , Jones H.W. , Rock J.A. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVES: A very characteristic genital anomaly accompanies bladder exstrophy in females. This includes anterior displacement and narrowing of the vagina and separation of the clitoris into two distinct bodies. The authors have had a relatively large experience with correction of this rare genital anomaly. From this experience, it began to appear that certain procedural details were associated with improved outcomes. The objective of this article was to review this experience and detail the reconstruction of the external genitalia in these patients. METHODS: All cases of bladder exstrophy in females presenting from January 1, 1970 to December 31, 1992 were reviewed. A total of eight patients who underwent surgical correction of the external genitalia were included. Data was obtained regarding urologic treatment, associated anomalies, corrective gynecologic procedures, complications and subsequent course. RESULTS: Corrective gynecologic surgery included enlargement of the vaginal orifice in all eight patients. Five patients had reapproximation of the bifid clitoris. Three patients performed postoperative dilatation therapy. Postoperatively, one patient experienced dyspareunia requiring a repeat procedure to enlarge the vaginal orifice. No patient had complications related to pelvic organ prolapse. CONCLUSIONS: Care should be taken not to extend the perineal incision too far posteriorly in reconstruction of the external genitalia in females with bladder exstrophy. Failure to do so may further predispose the patient to uterine prolapse. Postoperative dilator therapy may be an important adjunctive technique.
Deep pain thresholds in the distal limbs of healthy human subjects
Authors: Rolke R. , Campbell K. Andrews , Magerl W. , Treede R.‐D. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in distal limbs have been under‐investigated despite their potential clinical importance. Therefore, we compared PPTs over nail bed, bony prominences, and muscle in distal parts of upper and lower limbs. We investigated 12 healthy subjects using three handheld devices: a spring‐loaded, analogue pressure threshold meter (PTM) with two operating ranges, and an electronic Algometer. PPTs were determined with three series of ascending stimulus intensities with a ramp of about 50 kPa/s. PPTs were normally distributed in logarithmic space. PPTs over different tissues varied significantly (ANOVA,p<0.001): mean thresholds and 95% confidence intervals were 615 kPa (266–1424 kPa) over the nail bed, 581 kPa (271–1245 kPa) over bony prominences, and 520 kPa (246–1100 kPa) over muscles. PPTs on the foot were higher than on the hand (ANOVA,p<0.01), except over muscles. PPTs were significantly lower with the Algometer than with PTMs (ANOVA,p<0.01); again these differences were least when testing over muscle. There was no significant right‐left difference (ANOVA,p=0.33). In spite of considerable variability across subjects, reproducibility within subjects was high (correlation coefficients > 0.90). For within‐subject comparisons, threshold elevations beyond 33–43% would be abnormal (95% confidence intervals), whereas only deviations from the group mean by at least a factor of two would be abnormal with respect to absolute normative values. PPTs over distal muscles were comparable to published values on proximal limb and trunk muscles. These findings suggest that pressure pain testing over distal muscles may be a sensitive test for deep pain sensitivity and that the simple and less expensive devices are sufficient for testing this tissue type. Intra‐individual site‐to‐site comparisons will be more sensitive than absolute normative values.
A modelling study of the influence of environment and food supply on survival of Crassostrea gigas larvae
Authors: Hofmann Eileen E , Powell Eric N , Bochenek Eleanor A , Klinck John M 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA biochemically based model was developed to simulate the growth, development, and metamorphosis of larvae of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). The unique characteristics of the model are that it: (1) defines larvae in terms of their protein, neutral lipid, polar lipid, carbohydrate, and ash content; (2) tracks weight separately from length to follow larval condition; and (3) includes genetic variation in growth efficiency and egg quality to better simulate cohort population dynamics. The model includes parameterizations for filtration, ingestion, and respiration, which determine larval growth rate, and processes controlling larval mortality and metamorphosis. Changes in larval tissue composition occur as the larva grows and in response to the biochemical composition of the food.Simulations of larval growth indicate that departures of temperature, salinity, or food content from optimum levels reduce larval cohort survival, either because of metabolic constraints that result in death, unsuccessful metamorphosis, or increased predation resulting from increased larval lifespan. Temperatures and salinities near optimal values improve larval survival at low food concentration by increasing ingestion rate or growth efficiency. Also, survival at a given food concentration can vary widely depending on food composition, which determines food quality. The simulations suggest that the ratio of carbohydrate + lipid-to-protein may best describe the overall food quality, with optimal food compositions being characterized by ratios near 1.2 to 1.4 over a range of food concentrations. In contrast, food compositions containing too much or too little protein reduce larval survival, even at saturating food concentrations.In simulations emphasizing genetic variability within the cohort, larvae with high growth efficiency originating from large eggs out-perform other egg quality–growth efficiency combinations over a wide range of temperature, salinity, and food contents. As a consequence, suboptimal temperature, salinity, or food content compresses genetic variation by uniformly favouring larvae from large eggs with a high growth efficiency. However, the larval survival obtained from simulations that use a range of food qualities is representative of a much broader range of genetic types. Thus, the simulations support the supposition that food quality is an important variable controlling the survival and genetic variability of C. gigas larval cohorts.
Elective vs. conservative management of ovarian tumors in pregnancy
Authors: Lee G.S.R. , Hur S.Y. , Shin J.C. , Kim S.P. , Kim S.J. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractObjectives: To determine optimal management of the ovarian tumors in pregnancy. Methods: This study included 89 cases of the ovarian tumor in pregnancy that required surgery at Holy Family hospital of the Catholic University from January, 1990 to December, 2001. Among 89 cases, 36 and 53 were emergency and elective surgery, respectively. Student's t‐test and the χ2‐test were used for statistical analysis and a P‐value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The most common size of torsion of ovarian tumors during pregnancy was 6–10 cm and the incidence was the most frequent during the first trimester of pregnancy. The incidence of preterm delivery (<37 weeks) was higher in emergency surgery, but there was no difference in the gestational age at delivery, also no difference in the birth weight or the method of delivery. Conclusions: Although surgery for ovarian tumors in pregnancy is delayed until the onset of symptoms, adverse pregnancy outcome is not worsened when compared with that after elective surgery. We propose that conservative management would be used in optimal management of pregnant women with ovarian tumors.