bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USP38 regulates inflammatory cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction
Authors: Gong Yang , Kong Bin , Shuai Wei , Chen Tao , Zhang Jing Jing , Huang He 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: The inflammatory response and subsequent ventricular remodeling are key factors contributing to ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) after myocardial infarction (MI). Ubiquitin-specific protease 38 (USP38) is a member of the USP family, but the impact of USP38 in arrhythmia substrate generation after MI remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of USP38 in post-MI VAs and its underlying mechanisms.
Methods and results: Surgical left descending coronary artery ligation was used to construct MI models. Morphological, biochemical, histological, and electrophysiological studies and molecular analyses were performed after MI on days 3 and 28. We found that the USP38 expression was remarkably increased after MI. Cardiac-conditional USP38 knockout (USP38-CKO) reduces the expression of the inflammatory marker CD68 as well as the inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β after MI, thereby alleviating advanced cardiac fibrosis, electrical remodeling, ion channel remodeling, and susceptibility to VAs. In contrast, cardiac-specific USP38 overexpression (USP38-TG) showed a significant opposite effect, exacerbating the early inflammatory response and cardiac remodeling after MI. Mechanistically, USP38 knockout inhibited activation of the TAK1/NF-κB signaling pathway after MI, whereas USP38 overexpression enhanced activation of the TAK1/NF-κB signaling pathway after MI.
Conclusions: Our study confirms that USP38-CKO attenuates the inflammatory response, improves ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction, and reduces susceptibility to malignant VA by inhibiting the activation of the TAK1/NF-κB pathway, with USP38-TG playing an opposing role. These results suggest that USP38 may be an important target for the treatment of cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias after MI.
Customer Archetypes in Hearing Health Care
Authors: Singh Jasleen , Dhar Sumitrajit 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to determine if there are unique customer archetypes that can describe the motivations behind consumer buying choice (in person or online) for hearing aids in hearing health care.

Method:
A consumer survey was developed from themes that arose during 11 semistructured interviews with adults who had no previous hearing aid experience. Using Qualtrics research panels, a 28-item questionnaire was distributed online to U.S. residents above the age of 50 years with no previous hearing aid experience. A quota of 1,000 completed responses was set, with a maximum of 70% of respondents identifying as White. Completed surveys were obtained from 1,377 individuals. Three hundred forty responses were excluded due to ineligibility and/or poor response quality.

Results:
Two unique customer archetypes were developed using five factors identified in the data set: Physician Trust, Sociability, Comfort Buying Online, Verify Sources, and Reliance on Others. Eighty-four percent of respondents chose an in-person pathway for hearing health care. There was no association between customer archetype and pathway selection choice.

Conclusions:
The two archetypes reflect those with greater comfort with consuming health care online and in person, respectively. However, both archetypes are likely to use in-person models of hearing health care at the present time.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24431212
Sex Differences in Velopharyngeal Anatomy of 9- and 10-Year-Old Children
Authors: Perry Jamie L. , Lee Myoung Keun , Tahmasebifard Neda , Gilbert Imani R. , Snodgrass Taylor D. , Shaffer John R. , Schleif Eshan Pua , Weinberg Seth M. 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
Understanding the normal anatomy of velopharyngeal (VP) mechanism and the emergence of sexual dimorphism provides valuable insights into differences of VP anatomy among males and females. The purpose of this study is to examine sex differences in VP anatomy in a large data set of 3,248 9- and 10-year-old children.

Method:

Static three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare five VP characteristics including velar length, velar thickness, effective velar length, levator veli palatini muscle length, and pharyngeal depth between age-matched males (
n
= 1,670) and females (
n
= 1,578). Additionally, these dimensions were used to determine the VP ratio and effective VP ratio.

Results:

Males showed significantly larger dimensions for all VP distances and significantly lower ratios of velar length and effective velar length to pharyngeal depth (
p
< .05). The magnitude of these effect sizes was small to medium, with Cohen's
d
values ranging from 0.12 to 0.63. Additionally, the VP ratio and effective VP ratio are lower among males compared to females (
p
< .05).

Conclusions:
Results suggest the presence of sexual dimorphism in the VP mechanism among 9- and 10-year-old children. These findings emphasize the necessity of using different normative data for males and females when making comparisons to patients with cleft palate.
Is Research on Augmentative and Alternative Communication Intervention With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Reflected in the Clinical Practice of Speech-Language Pathologists?
Authors: Wendelken Meghan E. , Williams Diane L. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who have little to no functional speech require augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Research on AAC intervention with individuals with ASD consistently indicates that teaching requesting skills has been the primary focus, with limited guidance on teaching social communication skills, despite the critical impact of these skills on language development. Furthermore, receptive language is typically not considered when measuring responsiveness to intervention. Thus, it is unclear how individuals with severely affected receptive language respond to current intervention techniques and whether these techniques support generalization of skills. The purpose of this qualitative study was to determine if clinical practice follows the patterns observed in the research literature and to learn more about how intervention techniques are impacting individuals in this population.

Method:
Thirteen practicing speech-language pathologists (SLPs) were interviewed to describe AAC intervention with this population. An interpretive phenomenological approach was used to analyze qualitative data and identify unique themes.

Results:
Seven primary themes emerged related to intervention targets, requesting, social communication, motivation, receptive language, perceived efficacy and challenges, and communication partners. Subthemes for each primary theme are described.

Conclusions:
Clinical practice resembles the research literature, as SLPs emphasize requesting and report the use of evidence-based strategies. However, SLPs reported a lack of guidance for teaching social communication, limited generalization of skills, and lack of AAC uptake by communication partners. Finally, SLPs may not consider individual receptive language abilities when making clinical decisions related to AAC. This article indicates a robust need to identify more effective AAC intervention methods that promote social communication, meet the needs of children with severely affected receptive language, and include families to improve outcomes.
Modeling the molecular gas content and CO-to-H2 conversion factors in low-metallicity star-forming dwarf galaxies
Authors: Ramambason L. , Lebouteiller V. , Madden S. C. , Galliano F. , Richardson C. T. , Saintonge A. , De Looze I. , Chevance M. , Abel N. P. , Hernandez S. , Braine J. 
Published: October 2023

Context. Low-metallicity dwarf galaxies often show no or little CO emission, despite the intense star formation observed in local samples. Both simulations and resolved observations indicate that molecular gas in low-metallicity galaxies may reside in small dense clumps, surrounded by a substantial amount of more diffuse gas that is not traced by CO. Constraining the relative importance of CO-bright versus CO-dark H2 star-forming reservoirs is crucial to understanding how star formation proceeds at low metallicity.
Aims. We test classically used single component radiative transfer models and compare their results to those obtained on the assumption of an increasingly complex structure of the interstellar gas, mimicking an inhomogeneous distribution of clouds with various physical properties.
Methods. Using the Bayesian code MULTIGRIS, we computed representative models of the interstellar medium as combinations of several gas components, each with a specific set of physical parameters. We introduced physically motivated models assuming power-law distributions for the density, ionization parameter, and the depth of molecular clouds.
Results. This new modeling framework allows for the simultaneous reproduction of the spectral constraints from the ionized gas, neutral atomic gas, and molecular gas in 18 galaxies from the Dwarf Galaxy Survey. We confirm the presence of a predominantly CO-dark molecular reservoir in low-metallicity galaxies. The predicted total H2 mass is best traced by [C II]158 μm and, to a lesser extent, by [C I] 609 μm, rather than by CO(1–0). We examine the CO-to-H2 conversion factor (αCO) versus metallicity relation and find that its dispersion increases significantly when different geometries of the gas are considered. We define a “clumpiness” parameter that is anti-correlated with [C II]/CO and explains the dispersion of the αCO versus metallicity relation. We find that low-metallicity galaxies with high clumpiness parameters may have αCO values as low as the Galactic value, even at low metallicity.
Conclusions. We identify the clumpiness of molecular gas as a key parameter for understanding variations of geometry-sensitive quantities, such as αCO. This new modeling framework enables the derivation of constraints on the internal cloud distribution of unresolved galaxies, based solely on their integrated spectra.
Prototype d’un véhicule autonome pilotable par un poisson rouge
Authors: Nuzillard Danielle , Nuzillard Aurélie 
Published: October 2023

Ce projet s’inspire de travaux publiés sur la cognition animale dans lesquels un véhicule autonome est piloté par un poisson rouge. La conception et la réalisation du véhicule requièrent des connaissances et compétences pluridisciplinaires en électronique, informatique et mécanique qui font partie du socle des acquis de futurs ingénieurs dans le domaine de l’Électronique Énergie Électrique et Automatique, EEEA. Le projet a été proposé à des étudiants de niveau bac+5, inscrits dans la branche Automatique et Informatique Industrielle, A2I de l’UTT opérée à l’URCA en convention avec l’UTT et en 2e année de Master EEEA, parcours Mécatronique de l’EiSINe, composante de l’URCA.
Les étudiants ont abordé la conception complète du robot : le dimensionnement, le choix des matériaux et des équipements, le traitement du flux de données, la commande des parties opératives en temps réel… L’avis des étudiants est que le projet leur a plu de par sa polyvalence et sa diversité. Il allie concrètement des parties mécanique, électronique et logicielle. Il prend en compte des aspects de sécurité des robots et s’inscrit dans le cadre plus général d’une application.
Traitement orthodontique-chirurgical : facteur de risque des DTM ?
Authors: Ehrmann Elodie , Bernabeu Marie , Tillier Yannick , Camia Julien , Ecalle Corentin , Savoldelli Charles , Charavet Carole 
Published: October 2023

Introduction : les protocoles orthodontiques-chirurgicaux se sont particulièrement développés ces dernières années. Certains patients présentent avant, pendant ou après la chirurgie orthognathique (CO), des troubles articulaires ou musculaires de l’appareil manducateur. Ceux-ci sont regroupés sous le nom de dysfonctionnements temporo-mandibulaires (DTM). Cette revue systématique de la littérature visait à déterminer si de nouvelles études publiées à partir de 2021 ont examiné la relation entre le traitement orthodontique-chirurgical et les DTM.
Matériels et méthodes : une recherche électronique a été effectuée dans la base de données Pudmed, complétée par une recherche manuelle, incluant toute étude publiée après 2021 (date de la dernière recherche issue d’une revue systématique de la littérature sur le sujet) jusqu’à juin 2023 évaluant la prévalence des DTM lors du traitement orthodontique-chirurgical. Le diagnostic de DTM devait être posé à l’aide de l’algorithme diagnostique « diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) » et/ou le diagnostic de déplacement discal devait être posé à l’aide de l’imagerie à résonnance magnétique (IRM). Les données ont été extraites et analysées statistiquement.
Résultats : parmi les 100 résultats issus de cette recherche, sept articles éligibles ont été inclus, représentant un total de 548 patients en cours de traitement orthodontique-chirurgical. Les différentes études ont montré des résultats concordants et significatifs en ce qui concerne la réduction des bruits articulaires (64,8 %), des arthralgies (57 à 77 %) et des myalgies (73 à 100 %) après traitement orthodontique-chirurgical. Cependant certains patients révélaient ces signes et symptômes dont ils étaient indemnes avant traitement : 15 % d’entre eux un bruit articulaire, 8,6% une arthralgie et 7,7 % une myalgie. D’autre part, les effets de la CO sur la position discale étaient objectivement imprévisibles. De plus, selon les études qui l’ont exploré, les signes et symptômes de DTM ne semblaient pas liés à la méthode chirurgicale ou à la classe squelettique.
Conclusion : la CO semble avoir un impact positif sur les signes et symptômes de DTM sans qu’il ne soit possible de prévoir les conséquences sur la position du disque de l’ATM qu’il soit initialement en position normale ou déplacé.
Fractura de cadera durante el primer año de pandemia en Chile
Authors: Barahona Maximiliano , Medina Andres , Barahona Macarena , Chamorro Pablo , Navarro Tomas , Barrientos Cristian , Martinez Alvaro 
Published: October 2023

Resumen
Introducción La pandemia producida por el SARS-COV-2 generó menos cirugías traumatológicas a nivel universal. El propósito de este trabajo es determinar la incidencia de fractura de cadera, epidemiología, tiempo de estadía hospitalaria y tasa de resolución quirúrgica en Chile durante el primer año de pandemia.
Material y Métodos Estudio transversal. Se analizó las bases de datos del Departamento de Estadística e Información en Salud (DEIS) de 2019 y 2020, identificando pacientes mayores a 60 años con egresos hospitalarios asociados a códigos de fractura de cadera. La incidencia de fractura de cadera fue calculada usando reportes del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE).
Resultados La incidencia de fractura de cadera durante el 2020 fue un 14% menor a la incidencia del 2019, tuvo una correlación moderada con la movilidad del país y una relación inversa a los casos de COVID-19 acumulados mensualmente. La mediana del tiempo de duración de la hospitalización durante el 2020 fue de 8 días (rango intercuartílico, 5 a 14) , lo cual fue significativamente menor (p < 0.0001) que en 2019 (10 días, rango 6 a 16 intercuartílico). La tasa de resolución quirúrgica se mantiene por debajo del 80%.
Conclusiones Las hospitalizaciones por fractura de cadera en Chile disminuyeron durante el primer año de pandemia. Hubo un descenso en la estadía hospitalaria significativo. Sin embargo, la tasa de resolución quirúrgica en fractura de cadera persiste baja.
Wet gas flow metering by combining a vortex flowmeter with disturbance wave frequency
Authors: Li Jinxia , Ding Hongbing , Sun Hongjun , Li Teng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Based on a conductance-vortex meter dual-modality system, a novel wet gas flow measurement method is proposed, which combines a vortex meter with disturbance wave frequency. A negative relationship between the vortex signal quality and the disturbance wave frequency is found, on which basis a new segmented fast Fourier transform–continuous wavelet transform vortex frequency extraction method is proposed. Uniform exponential equations are derived for meter over-reading, taking into account the liquid-phase Reynolds and gas-phase Weber numbers, the disturbance wave Strouhal number, density ratio, and the liquid-phase Reynolds number. Finally, a Newton–Armijo-based wet gas metering model is developed by combining these two correlation equations. The percentage errors (PEs) of the gas flow in wet gas are within ±1.0% error bands with uncertainty of 0.56%. The full-scale PEs of liquid flow are within ±10% error bands with uncertainty of 4.71%. The disturbance wave frequency is used to correct the meter over-reading. As no liquid film thickness calibration is needed, the proposed method has low requirements on the conductivity of the medium and hence the application scope of media could be expanded.
High-precision and high-efficiency measurement method of accelerator tunnel control network based on total station angle observation
Authors: Xing Yubo , Dong Lan , Wang Tong , Liang Jing , Ma Na , Wang Xiaolong , Yang Zhen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Given the importance of accelerator devices, major developed and emerging countries around the world have invested substantial human and material resources into the development, construction, and operation of more advanced large-scale accelerator devices. High-precision and high-efficiency alignment of the control network is crucial for the stable operation of accelerators. This study proposes a method for measuring tunnel control networks using total station angle observation. By taking advantage of the high precision of angle observation with a total station, we use the measured results of the designed and deployed control points measured by the laser tracker to simulate the total station angle observations, combined with some length scale values in the control network measured by the laser range finder. With the angle observations and several known distances, the point coordinates can be calculated by angle intersection methods. Only angle observations are used from total stations, while different length scale reference conditions are added to constrain the control network. This is done by calculating the point accuracy of the China Spallation Neutron Source circular accelerator. The overall plane point accuracy can reach 66 μm. By using this method, personnel will spend less time on the site and are at lower risk of radiation exposure, for example by automating measurements at night. This method can be used at nighttime for measurements, avoiding the need for daytime work and shielding employees from severe radiation exposure. By employing this method, efficiency can be increased twice. For on-site measurement, it enables monitoring and automated measurement during operation, as well as providing reference for the installation and measurement of tunnel control networks for large scale accelerators such as the Circular Electron Positron Collider.
A Cahn–Hilliard phase field model coupled to an Allen–Cahn model of viscoelasticity at large strains
Authors: Agosti A , Colli P , Garcke H , Rocca E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We propose a new Cahn–Hilliard phase field model coupled to incompressible viscoelasticity at large strains, obtained from a diffuse interface mixture model and formulated in the Eulerian configuration. A new kind of diffusive regularization, of Allen–Cahn type, is introduced in the transport equation for the deformation gradient, together with a regularizing interface term depending on the gradient of the deformation gradient in the free energy density of the system. The designed regularization preserves the dissipative structure of the equations. We obtain the global existence of a weak solution in three space dimensions and for generic nonlinear elastic energy densities with polynomial growth, comprising the relevant cases of polyconvex Mooney–Rivlin and Ogden elastic energies. Also, our analysis considers elastic free energy densities which depend on the phase field variable and which can possibly degenerate for some values of the phase field variable. We also propose two kinds of unconditionally energy stable finite element approximations of the model, based on convex splitting ideas and on the use of a scalar auxiliary variable respectively, proving the existence and stability of discrete solutions. We finally report numerical results for different test cases with shape memory alloy type free energy, showing the interplay between phase separation and finite elasticity in determining the topology of stationary states with pure phases characterized by different elastic properties.
Travelling waves and heteroclinic networks in models of spatially-extended cyclic competition
Authors: Groothuizen Dijkema David C , Postlethwaite Claire M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Dynamical systems containing heteroclinic cycles and networks can be invoked as models of intransitive competition between three or more species. When populations are assumed to be well-mixed, a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) describes the interaction model. Spatially extending these equations with diffusion terms creates a system of partial differential equations which captures both the spatial distribution and mobility of species. In one spatial dimension, travelling wave solutions can be observed, which correspond to periodic orbits in ODEs that describe the system in a steady-state travelling frame of reference. These new ODEs also contain a heteroclinic structure. For three species in cyclic competition, the topology of the heteroclinic cycle in the well-mixed model is preserved in the steady-state travelling frame of reference. We demonstrate that with four species, the heteroclinic cycle which exists in the well-mixed system becomes a heteroclinic network in the travelling frame of reference, with additional heteroclinic orbits connecting equilibria not connected in the original cycle. We find new types of travelling waves which are created in symmetry-breaking bifurcations and destroyed in an orbit flip bifurcation with a cycle between only two species. These new cycles explain the existence of ‘defensive alliances’ observed in previous numerical experiments. We further describe the structure of the heteroclinic network for any number of species, and we conjecture how these results may generalise to systems of any arbitrary number of species in cyclic competition.
On relations between properties in transitive Turing machines
Authors: Torres-Avilés Rodrigo , Gajardo Anahí , Ollinger Nicolas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
For over two decades, Turing machines (TMs) have been studied as dynamical systems. Several results related to topological properties were established, such as equicontinuity, periodicity, mortality, and entropy. There are two main topological models for TMs, and these properties strongly depend on the considered model. Here, we focus on transitivity, minimality and other related properties. In the context of TMs, transitivity refers to the existence of a configuration whose evolution contains every possible pattern over any finite window. Minimality means that every configuration fulfills the aforementioned statement, which strongly restricts TM behaviour. This paper establishes relations between the following properties: transitivity, minimality, the existence of blocking words, aperiodicity and reversibility. It also explores some properties of the embedding technique, which combines two TMs to produce a third. This technique has been used in previous works to prove the undecidability of several dynamical properties. Here, we demonstrate its power and versatility and how the produced machine, under a few particular conditions, will inherit the properties of one of the original machines.