bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ni3+‐Rich Ni/NiOx@C Nanocapsules Below 4 nm Constructed by Low‐Temperature Graphitization of Self‐Assembled Few‐Layer Coordination Polymers toward Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Jiajia , Cui Fang , Ma Qinghai , Cui Tieyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLow‐cost and eco‐friendly Ni/NiO heterojunctions have been theoretically proven to be the ideal candidate for stepwise electrocatalysis of alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction, attributed to the preferred OHad adsorption by incompletely filled d orbitals of NiO phase and favorable Had adsorption energy of Ni phase. Nevertheless, most Ni/NiO compounds reported so far fail to exhibit excellent catalytic activity, possibly due to the lack of efficient electron transport, limited interfacial active sites, and unregulated Nin+ ratios. To address the above bottlenecks, herein, the ultrasmall Ni/NiOx@C nanocapsules (<5 nm) are directly constructed by graphitization of four‐layer Ni‐based coordination polymers at record low temperatures of 400 °C. Ascribed to the accelerated electron and mass transfer by the carbon nano‐onions coated around Ni/NiOx heterojunctions, the extreme rise in interfaces and Ni3+ defects with t6 2ge1 g electronic configuration owed to the ultrasmall size, the Ni/NiOx@C nanocapsules exhibit the highest catalytic activity and the lowest overpotential of η10 = 80 mV among various Ni/NiO materials (measured on the glassy carbon electrode). This work not only constructs an industrialized high‐efficiency electrocatalyst toward alkaline HER, but also provides a novel strategy for the constant‐scale preparation of multicomponent transition metals‐based nanocrystals below 4 nm.
Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction for the Therapy of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Zheng Qing , Liu Hanghang , Gao Yifan , Cao Guozhi , Wang Yusong , Li Zhen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is currently the second most incurable central neurodegenerative disease resulting from various pathogenesis. As the “energy factory” of cells, mitochondria play an extremely important role in supporting neuronal signal transmission and other physiological activities. Mitochondrial dysfunction can cause and accelerate the occurrence and progression of PD. How to effectively prevent and suppress mitochondrial disorders is a key strategy for the treatment of PD from the root. Therefore, the emerging mitochondria‐targeted therapy has attracted considerable interest. Herein, the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and PD, the causes and results of mitochondrial dysfunction, and major strategies for ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction to treat PD are systematically reviewed. The study also prospects the main challenges for the treatment of PD.
Mechanical strength and microstructure of ultra‐high‐performance cementitious composite with glass powder substituted cement/silica fume
Authors: Zhang Weijian , Zhang Yafang , Bao Sihai , Yan Keqin , Duan Libin , Zeng Ke 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUltra‐high‐performance cementitious composite (UHPCC) incurs higher economic costs and resource wastage due to its high cement/silica fume (SF) content. The paper aims to achieve sustainability and environmental friendliness of UHPCC by substituting cement/SF with glass powder (GP). The influence of various GP particle sizes and substitution levels on the mechanical properties of UHPCC was investigated. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were employed to analyze the impact of GP on the hydration process of UHPCC from a microscopic perspective. In addition, the internal damage pattern of GP‐UHPCC was simulated by the RFPA3D program. The results show that the addition of GP could achieve superior fluidity than GP‐0. Compared to conventional UHPCC, GP‐20 exhibits improved strength, initial flexural toughness, and residual flexural toughness. Furthermore, finer GP particle sizes contribute to enhanced matrix strength and flexural energy absorption capacity to some extent. Additionally, the incorporation of 5%–20% GP leads to an increase in the characteristic peaks of hydrated lime and C‐S‐H gel, which are beneficial to improving the internal microstructure of the matrix. Based on the RFPA3D program, the crack area, principal stress distribution, and acoustic emission energy of specimens with 15%–25% GP substitution levels were significantly higher than those of specimens with low substitution levels (0%–10%). Generally speaking, a GP substitution level of 15%–25% is found the most effective range for improving strength, and toughness behavior in this study.
Communicating Loss: Ice Research, Popular Art and Aesthetics: Introduction
Authors: Hemkendreis Anne , Jürgens Anna-Sophie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractClimate change—in the form of melting ice—is one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century—a challenge that is difficult to measure, visualise and communicate. Communicating with, and about, ice through different media—including art, images and (popular) visual fiction—gives ice agency. As an active agent evocating the climate emergency and inspiring climate awareness, ice is more than a passive stage in science, (popular) arts and aesthetics. The visual culture and cultural ideas of ice are deeply rooted in colonial fantasies from the nineteenth century, in which ice functioned as a sublime testing ground for heroic deeds. Today, this imaginary has been questioned and transformed into moments of encounter, emotional address and feelings of connection. Using ice for aesthetic communication of climate change challenges the presumed superiority of humans above nature. It gives hope for a fundamental change in material presence (with ice as a shape-shifter) and thus leads to an emotional entanglement of humans with the world’s cryosphere. This chapter not only illuminates the cultural power of ice research but also contributes to a better understanding of the cultural work that emerges from our ecological crisis.
Ventriculo-atrial shunt in idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Momin Sheikh M. B. , Mullins Sophie R. , Craven Claudia L. , Watkins Laurence , Toma Ahmed K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
CSF diversion is a recognised intervention in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), particularly in the presence of vision-threatening papilledema. Although ventriculo-atrial (VA) shunt insertion is a routine neurosurgical procedure, ventriculoperitoneal and lumboperitoneal shunts have been mostly used in this particular indication. This study aims to look at a single centre’s experience with VA shunts in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Methods
Retrospective case series with a review of electronic records over a 10-year period; exclusion criteria were duplication of same shunt insertion, no VA shunt insertion, paediatric patients and indication other than IIH. Notes were reviewed for demographics, shunt survival (defined by time prior to revision) and reasons for revision.

Results
Eight VA shunt procedures were identified in 6 patients (mean age at insertion 34 ± 10 years) with a mean follow-up of 58 ± 25 months. All shunts were secondary procedures; 2 revisions from lumbo-pleural, 2 from ventriculopleural, 2 from ventriculoatrial and one each from ventriculoperitoneal and combined lumbo-/ventriculoperitoneal. At 50 months, 75% of VA shunts had survived, compared to only 58.3% of VPleural shunts in patients with IIH. Revisions were required due to acute intracranial bleed (1 case)—revised at day 1, and thrombus at distal site (1 case)—revised at day 57. Both shunts were later reinserted. From the latest clinic letters, all patients had their treatment optimised with this procedure, although only two patients had documented resolved papilloedema post-procedure.

Conclusions
Ventriculo-atrial shunts are a safe and efficacious alternative option for CSF diversion in IIH. In this series, only 1 shunt was revised for a VA shunt-specific complication.
Marsupialization as an alternative to reconstruction in endoscopic skull base surgery. How I do it
Authors: Ferlendis Luca , Bossi Bianca , Castelnuovo Paolo , Locatelli Davide 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
To treat extradural solid-cystic lesions of the ventral skull base, a pedicled nasoseptal flap (NSF) maintains patency of the marsupialized cavity and prevents restenosis and cyst recurrence.

Methods
The authors provide a step-by-step description of the surgical technique valid in different lesions of the skull base, all treated via the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). The application is demonstrated by an operative video.

Conclusion
In selected lesions, endoscopic marsupialization using an NSF ensures drainage and ventilation of the surgical cavity. Re-epithelialization provided by a pedicled flap is a viable alternative to multilayer skull base reconstruction.
Functional and perfusion changes associated with silicone oil tamponade after macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery: an optical coherence tomography angiography/microperimetry study
Authors: Nassar Ghada A. , Makled Hebatalla Samir , Youssef Maha Mohamed , Hassan Lameece Moustafa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The current study utilizes microperimetry and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to assess the optic nerve head vasculature, retinal microvasculature, and retinal sensitivity before and after silicone oil (SO) removal.

Methods
This prospective observational case series study involved 30 eyes subjected to silicone oil endotamponade. Microperimetry and OCTA were utilized to assess the vascular density (VD) of the macula and optic nerve head, as well as the retinal sensitivity (RS), of the participants preoperatively and 1 month following SO removal. The correlation between the various parameters of OCTA and microperimetry was evaluated.

Results
There was a significant improvement in the postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (p-value < 0.001) and the postoperative total RS, which was 6.38 ± 2.34 dB as compared to a mean preoperative total RS of 5.04 ± 2.06 dB (p-value < 0.001) and showing a significant increase in all rings. However, there was no significant difference in the pre and postoperative macular VD. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the postoperative VD of the whole disk and the peripapillary capillary plexus, p-values < 0.001 and 0.002, respectively.

Conclusion
The removal of SO resulted in significant improvements in retinal sensitivity, vision, and optic nerve perfusion. However, no significant change was observed in macular VD.
Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT04928196.
The Use of Timolol for Wound Healing—A Review
Authors: Lyle Rawlings E. , Budhiraja Anuj , Mehta Alisha , Dahle Sara E. , Isseroff R. Rivkah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn recent years, drug repurposing has gained traction as a method to accelerate the availability of effective treatments. This review focuses on timolol, originally a topical non-selective β-adrenergic antagonist used for increased intraocular pressure and glaucoma, and its emerging role in the wound healing landscape—a field that has been lacking in effective treatments for decades.Recent FindingsPreclinical and clinical studies have highlighted timolol’s promise as a therapeutic option in wound healing. Its benefits are attributed to various mechanisms including improved re-epithelialization, modulation of inflammation, and wound maturation, in addition to its impacts microbial quorum sensing and virulence. However, existing research also points to the need for larger, more comprehensive clinical trials to determine optimal dosing, efficacy, and safety. Some such trials are presently underway.SummaryTimolol presents a new avenue for wound healing therapies, overcoming limitations seen in current treatment options. This review outlines timolol’s historical context in wound care, elaborates on its pharmacological mechanisms, and assesses ongoing research to validate its therapeutic potential. Future studies are needed for more conclusive data on its efficacy and safety in wound management.
Multidomain interventions for sarcopenia and cognitive flexibility in older adults for promoting healthy aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: García-Llorente A. M. , Casimiro-Andújar A. J. , Linhares D. G. , De Souza Vale R. G. , Marcos-Pardo P. J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe global population is undergoing rapid aging, making physical activity a crucial element in preventing mortality and lowering the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Age-related declines in muscle mass and cognitive abilities significantly contribute to frailty and dependency. Thus, this study focuses on a meticulous analysis of the protective effects of multidomain interventions, an emerging resource combating age-related declines. It seeks to underscore their profound impact on cognitive flexibility and sarcopenia, highlighting their pivotal role in mitigating the adverse effects of aging. To identify relevant randomized controlled trials up to November 2023, we reviewed eight online academic databases, following PERSiST guidelines, PRISMA reporting system, and PICOs criteria. Meta-analyses on selected functional outcomes utilized a random-effects model, including the Timed Up and Go Test, Sit to Stand Test, Victoria Stroop Test, and Trail Making Test. Out of 2082 scrutinized articles, 17 were included in the systematic review, and 8 in the meta-analysis. Positive effects (p = 0.05, I2 = 57%; 95% CI – 0.63 to – 0.05) were observed in cognitive flexibility for certain interventions. Similarly, interventions addressing muscle strength demonstrated improvements in the Sit to Stand Test for the exercise group compared to the control group (p = 0.02, I2 = 0%; 95% CI – 0.63 to – 0.05). These findings underscore the importance of incorporating physical activity as a primary component of public health interventions for promoting healthy aging and reducing the burden of age-related diseases. Future interventions may explore more homogeneous approaches and evaluate the impact of thrice multidomain weekly sessions.
Creep behavior of dry and saturated medium-grain sandstone and its relationship with conventional mechanical properties
Authors: Gu Qingheng , Tan Yunliang , Zhao Guangming , Meng Xiangrui , Cheng Xiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the large scale mining of coal and the increase of abandoned goafs under weakly cemented aquifer strata in Western China, it is urgent to study the time dependent mechanical properties of water sensitive aquifer strata. In this paper, creep behavior of dry and saturated medium-grain sandstone, which represent two limit states affected by water, were studied and compared. The results showed that water greatly weakens the compressive strength of medium-grained sandstone, but the difference in axial strain between dry and saturated rock samples decreases with the increase of confining pressure. The creep compression volume of rocks decreases with the increase of deviatoric stress, and only under low confining pressure does the creep volume of rocks exhibit expansion. There is an order of magnitude difference in creep strain between medium grained sandstone and other common rocks. The instantaneous elastic modulus has a negative exponential relationship with deviating stress. The creep rate has a positive exponential relationship with deviating stress. Based on Burges model with exponential damage variables, the law of the influence of confining pressure on creep model parameters has been discussed. The linear relationship between elastic modulus of medium-grained sandstone and parameters of Burgers model with damage was found. The research results are conducive to the convenient prediction of creep behavior of medium grained sandstone engineering and the long-term stability control of the surrounding rock.
A Systematic Review on Pill and Medication Dispensers from a Human-Centered Perspective
Authors: Gargioni Luigi , Fogli Daniela , Baroni Pietro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs medication adherence represents a critical challenge in healthcare, pill and medication dispensers have gained increasing attention as potential solutions to promote adherence and improve patient outcomes. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology, we carried out a systematic literature review on papers indexed in Scopus and PubMed, which present solutions for pill or medication dispensers. Given the importance of user acceptance for these solutions, the research questions of the survey are driven by a human-centered perspective. We first provide an overview of the different solutions, classifying them according to their stage of development. We then analyze each solution considering its hardware/software architecture. Finally, we review the characteristics of user interfaces designed for interacting with pill and medication dispensers and analyze the involvement of different types of users in dispenser management. On the basis of this analysis, we draw findings and indications for future research that are aimed to provide insights to healthcare professionals, researchers, and designers who are interested in developing and using pill and medication dispensers.
Metabolic profiling of highland barley (Hordeum vulgare var. nudum) genotypes
Authors: Huang Haijiao , Li Yang , Gao Xiaoli , Tian Pengjia , Yangzong Nima , Zhaxi Laba , Chang Zihui , Yin Zhongjiang , Liao Wenhua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHighland barley (HB), a valuable crop thriving in challenging conditions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, possesses rich nutrient contents. This study aims to investigate the nutrient profile of HB genotypes and compare the metabolic profiles of three representative genotypes exhibiting high, medium, and low quality. The screening of HB genotypes reveals significant genotype-dependent differences in starch content, protein content, amino acid content, flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, β-glucan, and γ-aminobutyric acid. The selected genotypes, namely KKDM2021005, ZJDM012, and DCDM2020017, exemplify high, average, and low quality, respectively. Utilizing LC–MS/MS for metabolic profiling, 617 metabolites from 12 major classes, with flavonoids being the most abundant, are identified. Distinct metabolic profiles are observed among the three genotypes, with 262 DAMs for KKDM2021005 versus DCDM2020017, 261 DAMs for KKDM2021005 versus ZJDM012, and 298 DAMs for ZJDM012 versus DCDM2020017. Enrichment analysis of DAMs highlights pathways associated with anthocyanin, phenylpropanoid, flavone and flavonol, and isoflavonoid biosynthesis. Specific DAMs such as l-valine, l-isoleucine, l-leucine, trifolin, spiraeoside, ferulic acid, betanin, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, along with others, contribute to the observed quality differences among the genotypes. These findings provide a foundation for further exploration of genotype-specific metabolic profiles to manipulate the quality aspects of HB utilizing the existing gene pool. By enhancing its nutritional value, functional properties, and potential health benefits, HB can receive significant value addition.
Biochar application regulating soil inorganic nitrogen and organic carbon content in cropland in the Central Europe: a seven-year field study
Authors: Hematimatin Narges , Igaz Dušan , Aydın Elena , Horák Ján 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiochar incorporation into soil has shown potential, in enhancing nitrogen fertilizer (N-fertilizer) efficacy and soil organic carbon content (SOC). This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by investigating the effects of biochar addition over a seven-year period (2014–2020) on inorganic N, SOC, and pH in Haplic Luvisol. The research involved a rain-fed field experiment, with a crop rotation comprising spring barley, maize, spring wheat, and pea. Biochar, applied at the rates of 0, 10, and 20 t ha−1 in 2014, was reapplied to specific plots in 2018. Biochar was also combined with N-fertilizer at three level (N0, N1, and N2). Results showed a significant interactive influence of biochar and N-fertilizer combination on NO3− and NH4+ contents. Intriguingly, the addition of 10 t biochar ha−1 consistently decreased soil inorganic N levels across most of the examined months. Increasing biochar application rates led to a significant rise in pH, establishing a clear, negative correlation between soil pH and inorganic N content. Biochar significantly increased SOC compared to the control, particularly after the reapplication in 2018. However, this effect showed a diminishing trend over time. The study suggests that incorporating biochar treatments may enhance N-fertilizer effectiveness. However, the long-term implications of biochar application with N-fertilizer on N mineralization are specific to individual soil and biochar combinations. Except the application of 20 t ha−1 biochar at N2 in 2019, biochar did not affect the crop yields. Studied soil properties, including those influenced by biochar had nuanced impact on different aspects of crop yield.
Graphical Abstract
Extraction of chlorophyll a from Tetradesmus obliquus—a method upgrade
Authors: Greipel E. , Kósa A. , Böddi B. , Bakony M. , Bernát G. , Felföldi T. , Preininger É. , Kutasi J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNowadays, the use of algae is prevalent for both industrial and agricultural purposes. The determination of chlorophyll (Chl) content is a commonly used method for estimating the phytoplankton abundance in different water bodies or biomass density of algal cultures. The aim of the present work is to optimise the efficiency of the Chl extraction from the green alga Tetradesmus obliquus using methanol as extracting solvent. The extraction efficiency was estimated by measuring the Chl a concentration of the extracts using fluorescence spectroscopy. To increase the extraction yield, glass fibre filters with algal cells on top were treated with 10% (v/v) formalin prior to the extraction. We found that this pretreatment significantly enhanced the extraction yield of Chl without its chemical decomposition. We also found that the optimal cell concentration for Chl determination ranged from 1.44 × 104 to 3.60 × 105 cells/mL and the extraction efficiency was lower when the cell density of the culture was out of this range. These results highlight the importance of the optimization of the pigment extraction for the studied algal species.