bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of cats with dilated cardiomyopathy to taurine supplementation
Authors: Pion Paul D. , Kittleson Mark D. , Thomas William P. , Delellis Laura A. , Rogers Quinton R. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Between October 1986 and September 1988, 37 cats with moderate to severe idiopathic myocardial failure (dilated cardiomyopathy) were evaluated. Clinical management of these cats was similar to that described in the literature, except that it also included administration of 500 or 1,000 mg of the sulfur amino acid, taurine per day.
Early death (death within the first 30 days of treatment) occurred in 14 (38%) cats. One cat was lost to follow-up evaluation. Twenty-two cats (59%) had marked clinical and echocardiographic improvement and survived longer than 240 days. In all but 1 cat, the observed improvement in echocardiographic measurements persisted. Hypothermia and thromboembolism were positively associated with an increased risk of early death. Administration of digoxin did not significantly affect survival.
All 22 cats that survived > 30 days remained clinically stable despite withdrawal of all medications except taurine. Administration of taurine was eventually discontinued in 20 of the 22 cats and adequate taurine intake was thereafter provided for in the food.
The clinical response and 1-year survival rate of 58% (21 of 36 cats with a known outcome) in the taurine-treated group represents a marked improvement, compared with a 1-year survival rate of 13% (4 of 31 cats with a known outcome) in a retrospectively evaluated population of 33 cats with dilated cardiomyopathy.
Plasma concentrations of 13,14-dihydro- 15-ketoprostaglandin F2α in mares during uterine involution
Authors: Sertich P. L. , Watson E. D. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Twelve mares were allowed to foal naturally, after which they were monitored to study uterine involution. Starting on day 3 after parturition, the internal genital tract was examined per rectum manually and ultrasonographically every other day for changes in uterine characteristics and ovarian activity. By day 5, gravid and nongravid uterine horns were similar in size, and by day 7, uterine fluid was absent. On day 7 after parturition, endometrial biopsy samples were obtained for histologic evaluation, and uterine swab specimens were obtained for microbiologic culture. Uterine swab specimens from 10 of 12 mares had slight bacterial growth. The uteri of 8 of the 12 mares were histologically involuted by day 7. All mares ovulated 7 to 12 days after parturition. Concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2α(pgfm) were measured in jugular plasma samples obtained daily for 21 days after parturition. Concentrations of pgfm were low by the day after parturition, and there was no significant correlation between uterine involution and pgfm concentrations in these mares’. All 12 mares were bred at the first estrus after parturition, and 9 became pregnant.
Comparative study of the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of large animal veterinarians, dairy farmers, and dairy processors in Michigan on bovine somatotropin
Authors: Shaw Jane R. , Mather Edward C. , Noel Mary Margaret 
Published: December 2023

Summary
A cross-sectional epidemiologic study was conducted to evaluate two objectives. The first was to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of large animal (dairy) veterinarians, dairy farmers, and daily processors in Michigan toward the use of bovine somatotropin (bst). The second was to compare and contrast the data from the large animal veterinarians, dairy farmers, and dairy processors according to the knowledge, attitude, and behavior variables.
A written questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect data relating to the objectives. Three basic types of questions were asked of each group: (1) how much do you know about bst? (knowledge-based question), (2) how do you feel about bst? (attitudebased question), and (3) how would you use bst or use dairy products produced through bst biotechnology (behavior-based question)?
Renal amyloidosis in a family of Beagles
Authors: Bowles Mary H. , Mosier Derek A. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Renal amyloidosis was confirmed in 6 related male and female Beagles, ranging in age from 5 to 11 years. The most commonly reported signs of illness included lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, and weight loss. Common clinicopathologic abnormalities were normocytic, normochromic anemia; hypoalbuminemia; azotemia; hypercholesterolemia; proteinuria; and urine specific gravity values below the normal range. Histologic examination of renal tissue from the 6 Beagles revealed moderate to severe glomerular amyloidosis with inconsistently observed mild medullary interstitial amyloidosis. Congo red-stained kidney sections from 4 of 4 affected dogs were potassium permanganate-sensitive, suggestive of reactive amyloidosis. Hereditary predisposition for renal amyloidosis was suspected in these Beagles.
Comparison of the human and canine Schiotz tonometry conversion tables in clinically normal cats
Authors: Miller Paul E. , Pickett J. Phillip 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Intraocular pressure (iop) was measured in 73 eyes of 37 clinically normal cats with 2 applanation tonometers (Tono-Pen and Mackay-Marg) and the Schiotz indentation tonometer, using the 5.5- and 7.5-g weights. Statistically, the Tono-Pen tonometer underestimated iop compared with the values obtained by use of the Mackay-Marg tonometer (P < 0.0001) and the Schiotz tonometer, with either weight and either the human (P < 0.01) or the canine (P < 0.0001) calibration tables. Estimates of iop using the human calibration table and either the 5.5− or 7.5-g weight were not significantly different from each other or from those obtained with the Mackay-Marg tonometer. Schiotz measurements obtained with either weight and converted using the canine calibration table were not only significantly (P < 0.0001) different from each other, but were also clinically and significantly (P < 0.0001) higher than measurements obtained with the Tono-Pen and Mackay-Marg tonometers or the Schiotz tonometer, using the human calibration table and either weight. Approximately three quarters of clinically normal cats had an iop ≥ 30 mm of Hg when Schiotz tonometer measurements were converted with the canine conversion table. The human calibration table was the most clinically useful table for converting Schiotz measuremenftrsom clinically normal feline eyes to estimates of iop in mm of Hg. Normal mean (±sd) feline readings with the Schiotz tonometer and the 5.5-g weight was 3.9 ± 1.4 tonometer scale units (range, 1.0 to 7.5; 95% confidence interval [ci], 1.1 to 6.7). Converted mean (±sd) iop estimates, using the 5.5-g weight in normal feline eyes, was 21.6 ± 5.0 mm of Hg (range, 11.2 to 34.5; 95% ci, 11.6 to 31.6) with the human conversion table, and 35.0 ± 5.8 mm of Hg (range, 23.0 to 49.3; 95% ci, 23.4 to 46.6) with the canine conversion table
Effects of electrolyte solutions for oral administration on clotting of milk
Authors: Naylor Jonathan M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The effect of electrolyte solutions commercially formulated for oral administration on clotting of milk was investigated in vitro. Rennet or abomasal fluid was used as the clotting agent. Electrolyte solutions that contained large amounts of bicarbonate or citrate (> 40 mEq/L) had marked adverse effects on milk clotting, probably because bicarbonate increased pH and because citrate chelated calcium. Addition of solutions that did not contain alkalinizing agents resulted in normal or enhanced clotting, and enhancement was associated with the presence of acid phosphate salts. Electrolyte solutions that included acetate as the alkalinizing agent did not interfere with milk clotting as long as pH of the final solution was acidic and minimal amounts of citric acid salts were present (< 10 mEq/L). Acetate-containing electrolyte solutions can be used for oral administration in calves in which alkalinization of blood without interference with milk clotting is desired.
Seroprevalence of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in a population of horses in central Texas
Authors: Cohen N. D. , Heck F. C. , Heim B. , Flad D. M. , Bosler E. M. , Cohen D. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Four hundred sixty-nine serum samples were obtained from horses admitted to the internal medicine service of the Texas Veterinary Medical Center between Jan 1 and Dec 31, 1990. Serum samples were tested by elisa for antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi. Of these 469 samples, 1 (0.2%) was repeatedly seropositive for the organism by elisa. Confirmatory testing by protein immunoblot was negative. The observed seroprevalence was 0%; the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval was 0.6%. These findings indicate the evidence of infection with B burgdorferi is presently uncommon in horses in central Texas.
Leiomyosarcoma in dogs: 44 cases (1983-1988)
Authors: Kapatkin Amy S. , Mullen Holly S. , Matthiesen David T. , Patnaik Amiya K. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
During a 5-year period, leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed in 57 dogs. Forty-four dogs were included in the study on the basis of completeness of medical records. All dogs underwent exploratory laparotomy, and dogs were allotted to 4 groups according to primary site of tumor: spleen (16 dogs, median age 10.3 years), stomach/small intestine (13 dogs, median age 10.3 years), cecum (10 dogs, median age 11.8 years), and liver (5 dogs, median age 9 years). All dogs with leiomyosarcoma of the liver had visible metastasis and were euthanatized at surgery. In the other 3 groups, 79% of the dogs had no gross evidence of metastasis at surgery, and 64% survived > 2 weeks. Median survival in these 3 groups was 10 months (range, 1 month to 7 years); 48% died of metastasis, 32% died of unrelated causes, and 16% died of unknown causes. The prognosis in dogs with leiomyosarcoma of the spleen, stomach, small intestine, and especially the cecum is good to excellent if surgery is performed. In dogs with leiomyosarcoma of the liver, the prognosis is poor.
Efficacy of milbemycin oxime against experimentally induced Ancylostoma caninum and Uncinaria stenocephala infections in dogs
Authors: Niamatali Susan , Bhopale Veena , Schad Gerhard A. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Twenty-eight helminth-naive Beagles, 16 to 26 weeks old, were inoculated with 200 third-stage larvae each of Ancylostoma caninum and Uncinaria stenocephala 5 times at weekly intervals. Dogs were randomly allocated to 4 groups of 7 on the basis of Fecal egg counts, and treatments were randomly assigned. Groups 1 and 3 were given milbemycin oxime at a dosage of 500 μg/kg of body weight, po, on day 0 and on days 0 and 30, respectively; groups 2 and 4 were nontreated controls. Fecal egg counts were evaluated before and after treatments. Feces were collected daily for 7 days after the final treatment for recovery of worms passed, and all dogs were euthanatized 7 days after the final treatment for recovery of worms retained.
A 65.7% reduction from the pretreatment value for geometric mean hookworm egg count was found 7 days after the first treatment, and a 97.1% reduction 7 days after the second treatment. Although milbemycin oxime had 96.5% and 99.5% controlled efficacy against A caninum after 1 or 2 treatments, respectively, it lacked efficacy against U stenocephala. The geometric mean number of U stenocephala and the total number of hookworms retained after 1 or 2 treatments were not significantly different from the numbers retained by the corresponding control groups.
Characteristics of pet populations and households in the Purdue Comparative Oncology Program catchment area, 1988
Authors: Teclaw Robert , Mendlein James , Garbe Paul , Mariolis Peter 
Published: December 2023

Summary
A 1-stage, random-digit dial telephone survey was conducted to obtain information on characteristics of pet populations and pet-owning households in 1988 in Marion and Tippecanoe Counties, Indiana. Interviews for 653 out of 731 eligible households were completed (response rate, 88%). Approximately half of the households in each county owned a pet. Of these, 35% owned at least 1 dog, and 23% owned at least 1 cat. Households with pets were more likely to be larger and have a higher median income score than were households without pets. Households with children between 6 and 17 years old were more likely to own pets than were households with no children; however, no difference in pet ownership proportions was determined for households with children ≤ 5 years old, compared with households without children. For dogs, younger dogs and male dogs were less likely to have been neutered than older dogs and female dogs. Older cats were more likely to have been neutered than younger cats, with neutering percentages of > 90% for cats in the oldest age group. Approximately 20% of dogs and 40% of cats had not been seen by a veterinarian in the 12 months preceding the interview.
High-rise syndrome in dogs: 81 cases (1985-1991)
Authors: Gordon Lori E. , Thacher Christopher , Kapatkin Amy 
Published: December 2023

Summary
We evaluated 81 dogs with high-rise syndrome. Dogs fell from 1 to 6 stories, and of 52 dogs for which the fall was witnessed, 39 had (75%) jumped. Dogs sustained a triad of injuries to the face, thorax, and extremities, similar to injuries seen in cats with high-rise syndrome, but with differences in degree and distribution. Height fallen and landing surface affected initial status and type and severity of injury. Cause of fall influenced distribution of extremity injury. Dogs falling <3 stories had a high prevalence of extremity fractures. Higher falls resulted in more spinal injuries. We recommend initial treatment for shock and thoracic trauma followed by orthopedic and neurologic evaluation. Visceral trauma should be considered if response to emergency treatment is poor. All but 1 of the dogs survived.
Anesthetic techniques for neutering 6- to 14-week-old kittens
Authors: Faggella Alicia M. , Aronsohn Michael G. 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
Forty-eight male and 48 female 6- to 14-week-old kittens were neutered by use of 4 anesthetic protocols. Preanesthetic disposition, depth of sedation, loss of resistance to handling, induction quality, induction time, sternal and stand times, and recovery quality were evaluated. Analgesia and muscle relaxation without supplemental inhalational anesthetics were evaluated in male kittens, and the time until extubation was recorded in female kittens.
Intramuscular administration of tiletamine/zolazepam (TZ), midazolam/ketamine, atropine/midazolam/ketamine/butorphanol (AMKB), and atropine/midazolam/ketamine/oxymorphone (AMKO) produced rapid sedation and smooth induction into anesthesia. In male kittens, there were no significant differences in sedation, relaxation, induction time, or quality. Tiletamine/zolazepam administration induced the best analgesia, and midazolam/ketamine administration induced the least analgesia for castration. The recovery time in male kittens was longest with TZ and shortest with the opioid groups (AMKB, AMKO). In females, TZ produced significantly faster induction times, but the degree of sedation and relaxation after administration of injectable agents was not significantly different among the groups. More females given TZ could be intubated without supplemental inhalational agents than females in other groups. Extubation time was rapid in all groups, but the times until sternal and standing were significantly longer, and recovery quality was significantly poorer in females given TZ. In kittens given opioids, reversal of the opioid did not shorten recovery time or improve recovery quality.
Because TZ administration provided the best and most consistent analgesia in males and longer recovery times did not have any adverse effects on male kittens, IM administration of 11 mg of TZ/kg of body weight, was the most effective anesthetic combination for neutering 6- to 14-week-old male kittens. None of the injectable techniques provided sufficient analgesia for ovariohysterectomy in females. Because of its ease of administration, rapid extubation time, and recoveries that were rapid and generally excitement free, IM administration of 0.22 mg of midazolam/kg and 11 mg of ketamine/kg, followed by inhalational anesthesia, was the most effective anesthetic combination for neutering 6- to 14-week-old female kittens.
Prevalence and morphologic features of apical deltas in the canine teeth of dogs
Authors: Gamm David J. , Howard Paul E. , Walia Harmeet , Nencka Daniel J. 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
Prevalence and morphologic features of the apical delta in the canine teeth of dogs were determined to assist clinicians in the endodontic treatment of these teeth. Eighty-two canine teeth from mixed-breed dogs were cleared and dyed to outline root canal ramifications. Apical deltas were classified according to location in the dental arch, number of ramifications, and vertical extent of these ramifications from the apical terminus. A classification system was devised to aid in identification and treatment of the delta. Recommendations were made regarding indications for conventional and/or surgical endodontic therapy depending on the type of delta encountered. Apical deltas were detected in 69.5% of the canine teeth studied. Surgical endodontic intervention should be seriously considered when the delta is found to extend a distance > 1 mm from the apical terminus.
Digit amputation in cattle: 85 cases (1971-1990)
Authors: Pejsa Thomas G. , St. Jean Guy , Hoffsis Glen F. , Musser Jeffrey M. B. 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
Medical records of 83 cattle, which had 1 or more digit amputations performed at Kansas State University and The Ohio State University veterinary hospitals between 1971 and 1990, were reviewed. Signalment, duration of lameness, prior treatment, digit involved, and pathologic condition were evaluated. Owners were contacted with regard to the animal's duration in the herd after amputation and reason for exiting the herd, level of production attained, and degree of lameness. The animal was judged to have a good, fair, or poor recovery on the basis of this information.
Septic arthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint and resulting complications were the problems most frequently treated by digit amputation. Fifty-one percent of cattle undergoing digit amputation attained preamputation production levels for a minimum of 24 months. Approximately 30% of cattle undergoing digit amputation were culled for lameness, usually within 7 months of surgery. Cattle remaining in the herd more than 12 months after amputation were unlikely to be culled for lameness, indicating that long-term breakdown of supporting structures was uncommon. Likelihood of a good recovery decreased from 71.4% in cattle weighing ≤ 341 kg to 27.3% in cattle weighing ≥ 682 kg. Cattle undergoing amputation of a rear medial digit were more likely to recover well than those undergoing amputation of either front digit. The most frequently performed amputation was that of a rear lateral digit, but it was associated with the poorest recovery, possibly because of the disproportionate amount of stress placed on this digit. Cattle used for dairy and beef production had approximately equal chances of a good recovery from digit amputation. Duration of lameness prior to surgery and type of lesion did not influence recovery rates.
Comparison of computed tomography with radiography as a noninvasive diagnostic technique for chronic nasal disease in dogs
Authors: Codner E. C. , Lurus A. G. , Miller J. B. , Gavin P. R. , Gallina A. , Barbee D. D. 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
Computed tomography was evaluated as a noninvasive technique for the diagnosis of chronic nasal disease in dogs. Computed tomographic images, radiographs, and histopathologic findings were compared in 11 dogs with chronic nasal disease. Definitive diagnosis was made following traumatic nasal flush, exploratory surgery, or necropsy. The study included 8 dogs with intranasal tumors, 2 dogs with bacterial rhinitis (Pasteurella sp), and 1 dog with mycotic rhinitis (Aspergillus sp).
Computed tomography was superior to radiography in defining the extent of the disease process and in differentiating infectious rhinitis from nasal neoplasms. It defined lesions in the palate, nasopharyngeal meatus, maxillary sinus, caudal ethmoturbinates, and periorbital tissues that were difficult to demonstrate by use of conventional radiography. Tumors appeared as space-occupying lesions that obliterated the turbinates, caused deviation of the nasal septum, and eroded bone. Rhinitis appeared as a cavitating lesion that spared the paranasal sinuses, thickened and distorted the turbinates, and widened the meatus. Although morphologically distinct on computed tomographic images, infectious rhinitis and nasal neoplasms could not be differentiated by attenuation measurements or degree of contrast enhancement.
Computed tomography appeared to be a reliable, noninvasive technique for the diagnosis of chronic nasal disease in dogs, and a promising alternative to diagnostic techniques currently in use.
Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in dogs by continuous low-dose intravenous infusion of insulin
Authors: Macintire Douglass K. 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
In a prospective clinical trial, low-dose, continuous, iv infusion of insulin (dosage, 2.2 U/kg of body weight, q 24 h) was used to treat 21 dogs with diabetic ketoacidosis. Mean (± sd) blood glucose concentration at the onset of treatment was 550 ± 150 mg/dl and after 6 hours, was 350 ± 106 mg/dl, with a mean decline of 34 ± 16 mg/dl/h. By 12 hours, mean blood glucose was 246 ± 85 mg/dl, with a mean decline of 28 ± 14 mg/dl/h during the second 6 hours of treatment. Mean duration of treatment required to reach a blood glucose concentration ≤ 250 mg/dl was 10 ± 4 hours, with a range of 4 to 24 hours. Ketonuria was observed for 26 ± 14 hours (range, 6 to 12 hours). Hypoglycemia developed in 3 of 21 dogs during treatment, but responded to iv administration of a glucose solution and to a reduction in rate of insulin delivery. Potassium supplementation was required in 15 of 21 dogs. Mean bicarbonate concentration was 11.6 ± 3.4 mEq/L before treatment and was 18.2 ± 0.7 mEq/L after 24 hours. Fifteen of 21 dogs (71%) survived to be discharged. Mean duration of treatment with the insulin infusion was 50 ± 30 hours (range, 7 to 124 hours). In this series of dogs, continuous, low-dose, iv infusion of insulin provided a gradual and consistent reduction in blood glucose concentration while ketoacidosis, electrolyte balance, and dehydration were corrected. Although hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, and cerebral edema remain potential complications of any treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis, this protocol appears to provide a safe and effective treatment method.