bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnography and ethical life
Authors: Lambek Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis is a reflection on the relationship between ethnography (as practice and as product) and ethical life. I suggest that there are values internal to the practice of ethnography as fieldwork, as writing, and as reading, irrespective of the historically situated objects and values of ethnography external to it. I summarize my understanding of ethical life as it emerged from my ethnographic experience and reading, focusing on acts of practical judgment and their consequences. I reflect briefly on the ethical nature of ethnographic practice itself.
Investigation on the accumulation of background and pregnancy outcome information on cases consulted by the Japan Drug Information Institute in Pregnancy
Authors: Yakuwa Naho , Murashima Atsuko , Miyazaki Seiko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSince pregnant women are excluded from clinical trials, it is essential to accumulate post‐marketing information to evaluate the effects on the fetus of medication use during pregnancy. The Japan Drug Information Institute in Pregnancy (JDIIP) was established at the National Center for Child Health and Development as a Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare project to provide patients with information and conduct follow‐up surveys. In this study, we investigated the status of the accumulation of JDIIP consultation cases to identify issues for enhancing clinical information appropriate for use during pregnancy and to examine how information should be collected and provided. In addition, the status of descriptions of Japanese package inserts, which are representative of those used by healthcare professionals as a source of information, was confirmed for medications used by JDIIP consultation cases. The characteristics of the JDIIP consultation cases information were that the contents that needed to be adjusted when evaluating the effects on the fetus of medication use during pregnancy were obtained. In addition, the follow‐up rate was 83.1%. However, although the number of consultation facilities has increased, the number of consultations has not, indicating the need to further increase the number. It was found that there is limited information on epidemiological studies of clinical use in Japanese package inserts. To improve clinical information on the appropriate use of medications during pregnancy, it is necessary to accumulate more information in the future, and it is considered necessary to consider new approaches utilizing the JDIIP system.
First report of Fusarium commune causing Torreya grandis crown and root rot in China
Authors: Wu Yi‐hao , Pan Jing‐jing , Huang Xiao‐qiao , Gao Zhang‐gui , Shi Hao‐jie , Lin Hai‐ping , Su Xiu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTorreya grandis cv. Merrillii is an important economic tree widely cultivated in hilly subtropical areas in China and some parts of Japan and Korea. Crown and root rot was found on T. grandis in Zhejiang Province of China. Three isolates with similar morphology were isolated from diseased samples, and used for identification and pathogenicity tests. The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed by fulfilling Koch's postulates. The pathogen was identified as Fusarium commune based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic tree constructed by combining ITS and TEF‐1α gene sequences. This is the first report of F. commune causing crown and root rot on T. grandis in China.
Hill–Chao numbers allow decomposing gamma multifunctionality into alpha and beta components
Authors: Chao Anne , Chiu Chun‐Huo , Hu Kai‐Hsiang , van der Plas Fons , Cadotte Marc W. , Mitesser Oliver , Thorn Simon , Mori Akira S. , Scherer‐Lorenzen Michael , Eisenhauer Nico , Bässler Claus , Delory Benjamin M. , Feldhaar Heike , Fichtner Andreas , Hothorn Torsten , Peters Marcell K. , Pierick Kerstin , von Oheimb Goddert , Müller Jörg 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBiodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) research has provided strong evidence and mechanistic underpinnings to support positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning, from single to multiple functions. This research has provided knowledge gained mainly at the local alpha scale (i.e. within ecosystems), but the increasing homogenization of landscapes in the Anthropocene has raised the potential that declining biodiversity at the beta (across ecosystems) and gamma scales is likely to also impact ecosystem functioning. Drawing on biodiversity theory, we propose a new statistical framework based on Hill–Chao numbers. The framework allows decomposition of multifunctionality at gamma scales into alpha and beta components, a critical but hitherto missing tool in BEF research; it also allows weighting of individual ecosystem functions. Through the proposed decomposition, new BEF results for beta and gamma scales are discovered. Our novel approach is applicable across ecosystems and connects local‐ and landscape‐scale BEF assessments from experiments to natural settings.
Drivers of success, speed and performance in fisheries moving towards Marine Stewardship Council certification
Authors: Rasal Jennifer , Melnychuk Michael C. , Lejbowicz Amanda , Montero‐Castaño Carlos , Ferber Sophie , Longo Catherine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith growing concerns about global overfishing, market‐based eco‐certification programs like the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) can incentivise adoption of sustainable practices. Several studies investigated drivers of improvement in market‐driven Fisheries Improvement Projects, but failed to use detailed, standardised measures of progress, or considered small samples. We considered the relative influence market, governance and fishery‐specific drivers have on MSC certification speed and success in 208 fisheries. To evaluate improvement we compared pre‐certification scores from MSC pre‐assessments—rapid high‐level audits against the MSC Standard—to scores from full MSC audits. Drivers considered included measures of pre‐assessment quality, as this initial advice might contribute to later certification success. National fishery management capacity, percentage of MSC catch and landed value were the strongest drivers of successful and rapid certification. Environmental improvements occurred for stock management, ecosystem health and governance aspects. While only 48% of fisheries with favourable pre‐assessment outcomes went on to be certified, improvements in many fisheries with lower pre‐assessment scores were observed in their lead‐up to full assessment. Random forest analyses allowed for considering multiple interacting variables simultaneously and revealed influential drivers under specific fishery contexts. For example, higher certification probability was associated with greater percentage of MSC catch under the full dataset, but not under subsets representing fisheries facing more challenging contexts for certification. Fisheries from lower/middle‐income countries had lower overall probability of certification, but this increased with higher management capacity. This suggests multiple drivers interact in instigating fisheries improvements, and MSC pre‐assessments provide valuable resources to understand this journey.
Implications of intimate partner physical violence and substance misuse for parenting
Authors: O'Leary K. Daniel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractApproximately 35%–45% of young married adults engage in intimate partner violence (IPV), and it is possible to reliably distinguish between general IPV and clinically significant IPV in a manner accepted both by DSM‐V & ICD‐11. IPV and alcohol misuse have been associated in many research designs, and experts now argue that alcohol misuse causes IPV. While less research exists on other substances like marijuana, there is clearly a moderate association between marijuana use and IPV, and that association appears to be dose‐dependent. Both IPV and substance use disorders (SUD), especially alcohol misuse, have been associated with a host of both internalizing and externalizing problems of children and adolescents. Research on the co‐morbid effects of IPV and substance misuse is relatively new but there are documented cumulative effects of IPV, problematic alcohol use, problematic drug use, and depressive symptoms on aggressive and neglectful parental disciplinary practices. Fortunately, research on the effects of both alcohol misuse and IPV shows that while both can have deleterious effects on children, the majority of children exposed to either IPV or alcohol misuse do not grow up to have diagnoses of emotional or behavioral problems. Support from one parent, a teacher, or extended family members, as well as the ability to maintain family rituals, serve as protective factors for children. Recommendations are made regarding reviews of assessment of IPV and substance misuse as well as a guide for conceptualizing and completing forensic evaluations involving IPV and substance misuse.
Google Trends indicators to inform water planning and drought management
Authors: Wilby R. L. , Murphy C. , O'Connor P. , Thompson J. J. , Matthews T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIndicators are important tools for tracking the socio‐environmental impacts of droughts and building resilience to climate change. We begin with an overview of metrics used for water planning and drought management, with particular emphasis on the UK. We explain how considerations of cost, immediacy, access, consistency, relevance, reliability and others denote the suitability of information for developing new indicators. We then demonstrate the potential of Google Trends (GT) online search data as drought indicators for England and Ireland. We show that search terms such as ‘drought’, ‘water butt’ and ‘hosepipe ban’ correlate significantly with conventional hydroclimatic data as well as with newspaper reports of various drought impacts during the period 2011–2022. GT data also show evidence of rising interest in water saving technologies, especially for outdoor water use. Meanwhile, online searches for ‘Defra’ and ‘Environment Agency’ have declined and are more often associated with flood episodes than droughts. Interest in water companies in England is more likely around hosepipe bans than water leakage (although this varies by company). We discuss the implications of these findings for targeting information campaigns, plus prospects for monitoring drought impacts and public sentiment in near real‐time.
A synergetic poring strategy to prepare high porosity SiC ceramic foam with good mechanical strength
Authors: Jing Chufan , Guo Xiang , Luo Yongming , Li Yongming , Xu Caihong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicrostructure‐tailored high porosity silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic foams were successfully fabricated using polymeric precursor slurry through a synergetic pore‐forming strategy that combines direct foaming and sacrificial template method together. The slurry is composed of a vinyl‐containing liquid polycarbosilane, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microspheres, and composite inorganic fillers. The expandable PMMA served a dual role as both foaming agent and sacrificial template, while the liquid polycarbosilane was used as both binder and preceramic polymer. The green bodies foamed from precursor slurry were pyrolyzed at 1150, 1400, and 1600°C, respectively, to produce corresponding SiC ceramic foams. The pyrolysis behavior of the green body foams and the crystallization behavior of the SiC ceramic foams were studied. Notably, the SiC ceramic foam derived from the slurry containing 65 wt% filler exhibited low density (0.26 g/cm3), high porosity (90.3%), high compressive strength (3.87 MPa), and low thermal conductivity (0.34 W/mK). The SiC ceramic foams displayed attractive oxidation resistance, and the foams with a porosity of 90.3% can retain 75.2% of their initial compressive strength after oxidation for 10 h at 1400°C.
Pfaffia glomerata by‐product: drying, characterisation and utilisation in cereal bars
Authors: Alves Bruna Hungaro Micheletti , Micheletti Débora Hungaro , de Oliveira Isabella Domingues , Sakai Otávio Akira , Porciuncula Barbara Daniele Almeida , Barros Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThis study aimed to evaluate the convective drying of a by‐product obtained by hydrodistillation of Pfaffia glomerata roots (PGB) and investigate the utilisation of the resulting powder in the preparation of cereal bars. Drying at 80 °C for 120 min was the selected condition for PGB due to the higher levels of phenolic acids (gallic, coumaric and ferulic) catechin and higher antioxidant activity than drying at 60 °C for 180 min, and, better technological properties and higher β‐ecdysone content than drying at 100 °C for 100 min. There was an increase in fibre content (110%), antioxidant compounds (97%) and compressive strength (377%) and a decrease in lipid content (31%) when the PGB content of cereal bars was increased from 0% to 9%. Colour parameters, purchase intention and most sensory parameters were similar among cereal bar formulations, indicating that PGB is a promising ingredient for the nutritional enrichment of cereal bars.
Characteristics of Garcinia seed fats and their potential usages as functional ingredients: A review
Authors: Zeng Wei , Zhang Yafei , Hou Xueying , Chen Yuhang , Chi Juanjuan , Jin Jun , Jin Qingzhe , Wang Xingguo 
Published: December 2023

SummaryFruits of commercial Garcinia genus have been used for centuries in subtropic and tropic areas. However, large amounts of their seeds and included kernels are generally discarded as wastes or treated as low‐value agricultural products due to lack of appropriate processing technologies. The kernels have considerable values as sources of specialty fats and liposoluble bioactive compounds. Typical Garcinia seed fats for commercial purposes are mainly kokum (Garcinia indica) butter, mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) seed fat and yellow mangosteen (Garcinia xanthochymus). These fats contained special sn‐1,3‐disaturated‐2‐unsaturated triacylglycerols, especially StOSt, POSt, StLSt and PLSt (P, palmitic acid; St, stearic acid; O, oleic acid and L, linolic acid), which are quite different from the triacylglycerol structure in common vegetable oils. Their improved usages in chocolate fats, trans‐free shortenings, dressings, salad and cooking oils, oleogels and antioxidants were concluded in this review. The health benefits contributed by their functional micronutrients (e.g. tocopherols, phytosterols, polyphenols and flavonoids) were further discussed to expand their application in functional foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Migración laboral internacional, barbecho, diversificación económica y tecnología en Nepal
Authors: KARKI NEPAL Apsara , NEPAL Mani , BLUFFSTONE Randall 
Published: December 2023

ResumenSe investiga el efecto de la migración laboral internacional en la práctica del barbecho, la adopción de tecnologías de intensificación agrícola y la diversificación de medios de subsistencia en Nepal. Aplicando métodos empíricos que admiten inferencias causales a datos nacionales representativos, se observa que la probabilidad de tener tierras en barbecho (estimada con el emparejamiento por puntaje de propensión) es más de un 50 por ciento mayor en los hogares con migrantes que en los demás. La migración promueve las tecnologías de intensificación agrícola y la diversificación de los medios de subsistencia. El barbecho aumenta la inseguridad alimentaria, pero la intensificación agrícola puede reducirla, con un efecto neto incierto.
La transparencia como factor de cambio en las relaciones capital‐trabajo del sector de la confección. Análisis crítico del Acuerdo de Bangladesh
Authors: COLLINS Jenny , YATES Julian S. 
Published: December 2023

ResumenNo abundan los estudios sobre modelos innovadores de regulación laboral privada en las redes mundiales de producción de prendas de vestir. Este artículo trata de remediar esa deficiencia examinando los aspectos estructurales conflictivos del Acuerdo sobre la Protección contra Incendios y la Seguridad de los Edificios en Bangladesh: 1) su condición jurídica vinculante, 2) un órgano de gobierno equilibrado en cuanto a la representación de los trabajadores, 3) una masa crítica corporativa y 4) la transparencia. El análisis arroja luz sobre los mecanismos híbridos de gobernanza, que combinan la acción cooperativa de varias organizaciones con la dinámica tradicional capital‐trabajo para influir en la regulación laboral con enfoques nuevos y contradictorios.
Persistent predominance of the Victoria lineage of influenza B virus during COVID‐19 epidemic in Nanchang, China
Authors: Zhou Xianfeng , Lin Ziqi , Tu Junling , Zhu Chunlong , Li Hui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe sentinel hospital‐based influenza‐like illness (ILI) surveillance network was established in China since the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. This network plays important roles in monitoring influenza virus variation and identifying novel respiratory pathogens. In this study, we characterized the pathogen spectrum pattern (PSP) of ILI based on three sentinel hospitals and analyzed the significant change of PSP during the COVID‐19 epidemic. The notable change of influenza virus spectrum was observed since the beginning of COVID‐19 outbreak, and we found persistent domination of Victoria lineage of influenza B virus and “extinction” of A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B/Yamagata during the dynamic Zero‐COVID‐19 pandemic in Nanchang, China. However, these strains intermittently co‐circulated before the COVID‐19.
Impact of fast‐track rehabilitation nursing on pressure ulcers and postoperative complications in patients with inter‐trochanteric fractures: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhai Chunxia , Lin Yufeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe sought to investigate the effects of fast‐track rehabilitation nursing on pressure ulcers, length of hospital stay and postoperative complications in patients with inter‐trochanteric fractures (ITF). The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WanFang databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published from inception to September 2023 on the application of fast‐track rehabilitative nursing to ITF. Two investigators independently screened the literature and performed data extraction and quality assessments using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. The meta‐analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4. Overall, 22 RCTs involving 1904 patients were included. Meta‐analysis revealed that after fast‐track rehabilitation nursing intervention in patients with ITF, the occurrence of pressure ulcers (odds ratio [OR]: 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.18–0.47; p < 0.001) and postoperative complications (OR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.14–0.26; p < 0.001) were significantly reduced and hospital stay was significantly shorter (standardised mean difference: –3.10; 95% CI: −3.82 to −2.38; p < 0.001). Nursing care for patients with ITF based on the concept of fast‐track rehabilitation is conducive to reducing the occurrence of pressure ulcers, lowering the occurrence of complications, shortening the length of hospitalisation and promoting postoperative rehabilitation.
Global genetic diversity and historical demography of the Bull Shark
Authors: Postaire Bautisse D. , Devloo‐Delva Floriaan , Brunnschweiler Juerg M. , Charvet Patricia , Chen Xiao , Cliff Geremy , Daly Ryan , Drymon J. Marcus , Espinoza Mario , Fernando Daniel , Glaus Kerstin , Grant Michael I. , Hernandez Sebastian , Hyodo Susumu , Jabado Rima W. , Jaquemet Sébastien , Johnson Grant , Naylor Gavin J. P. , Nevill John E. G. , Pathirana Buddhi M. , Pillans Richard D. , Smoothey Amy F. , Tachihara Katsunori , Tillet Bree J. , Valerio‐Vargas Jorge A. , Lesturgie Pierre , Magalon Hélène , Feutry Pierre , Mona Stefano 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimBiogeographic boundaries and genetic structuring have important effects on the inferences and interpretation of effective population size (Ne) temporal variations, a key genetics parameter. We reconstructed the historical demography and divergence history of a vulnerable coastal high‐trophic shark using population genomics and assessed our ability to detect recent bottleneck events.LocationWestern and Central Indo‐Pacific (IPA), Western Tropical Atlantic (WTA) and Eastern Tropical Pacific (EPA).TaxonCarcharhinus leucas (Müller & Henle, 1839).MethodsA DArTcap™ approach was used to sequence 475 samples and assess global genetic structuring. Three demographic models were tested on each population, using an ABC‐RF framework coupled with coalescent simulations, to investigate within‐cluster structure. Divergence times between clusters were computed, testing multiple scenarios, with fastsimcoal. Ne temporal variations were reconstructed with STAIRWAYPLOT. Coalescent simulations were performed to determine the detectability of recent bottleneck under the estimated historical trend for datasets of this size.ResultsThree genetic clusters corresponding to the IPA, WTA and EPA regions were identified, agreeing with previous studies. The IPA presented the highest genetic diversity and was consistently identified as the oldest. No significant within‐cluster structuring was detected. Ne increased globally, with an earlier onset in the IPA, during the last glacial period. Coalescent simulations showed that weak and recent bottlenecks could not be detected with our dataset, while old and/or strong bottlenecks would erase the observed ancestral expansion.Main ConclusionsThis study further confirms the role of marine biogeographic breaks in shaping the genetic history of large mobile marine predators. Ne historical increases in Ne are potentially linked to extended coastal habitat availability. The limited within‐cluster population structuring suggests that Ne can be monitored over ocean basins. Due to insufficient amount of available genetic data, it cannot be concluded whether overfishing is impacting Bull Shark genetic diversity, calling for whole‐genome sequencing.