bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forerunners of the Kingdom
Authors: Petersen Rodney L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The question of how to move forward in time was as much a part of John Foxe’s legacy as that of the proper identity of the Christian Church in history. As our text was a part of that latter discussion, so it would be in speculation with regard to the shape of the future. The question was not simply academic. It became caught up in issues of politics and governance. If God’s saints-by metonymy, our witnesses-had triumphed in the sixteenth century then the nature of their rule was now at issue.
Drawn into debate over how the saints triumph in history were issues of religious legitimacy. Although these factored themselves out in different ways, behind the discussion were assumptions made by the first religious reformers of the sixteenth century, that the Latin medieval Church, far from being indefectable, had in fact lost its privileged role as Christ’s body, the Church, in the world. Its papal head, called Antichrist by Luther, had been futher identified with the beast from the abyss of Revelation 11:7, conflated with similar imagery in Revelation 13:16-
Women and the Parallel Church: A View from Congregations
Authors: Gundersen Joan R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Episcopal Church today has an asymmetrical structure corresponding to the roles available for laymen and laywomen. The roots of this asymmetry lie in the changing ways laywomen have related to their parishes and their national church, as individuals and collectively. The implications of these structural relationships for the church today require exploring the origins of the asymmetry, for the church cannot assess its current direction until it more fully understands the perceptions and experiences of the laity. The Episcopal Church shares this asymmetry with many other denominations, although the particulars of the arrangement are dependent upon the specific polity and history of a denomination and congregation. Thus, exploring the relationship of women in and to the Episcopal Church may help us understand American religion in general.
Gender and Generations in Congregations
Authors: Gillespie Joanna B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although all women in contemporary America have experienced pro­ found change in the last half of this century, little inquiry has focused on women associated with mainstream churches. This research was designed to elicit the perception of the “woman in the pew.” We aimed to gauge her responses to changes in women’s role and possibilities in the institution by comparing age groups within a given congregation. We chose a generational approach as the means of producing a visible intersection of personal change with institutional change.
A Woman’s Journey toward Priesthood: An Autobiographical Study from the 1950s through the 1980s
Authors: Boyd Sandra Hughes 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A knowing chuckle and then applause ratified the question I posed to Theresa Kane during her appearance in Boston several years ago. She had been narrating recent events of the women’s movement in the Roman Catholic Church but I wanted to hear her describe the historic confrontation with Pope John Paul 11. During the question-and-answer session following her talk, I asked: “As a historian seeking to discover how women themselves evaluate their participation in the church’s life, I’ve been waiting a long time to ask: How did it feel to stand up to the Pope?”
Introduction
Authors: Cave David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Despite the great number of works on the late historian of religion and write1 Mircea Eliade, there is the need for another book. For no book that I have seer has adequately dealt with the visionary impulse behind the totality of Eliade’s prolific and manifold life work, as both a scholar and writer. This visionary impulse I identify as his hope for a new humanism. Certainly many studies devoted to Eliade have scrutinized his theoretical assumptions, have dug for his elusive methodology, have highlighted his contributions to the already large corpus on myth and religious symbolism, explored the existential implications to his sacred/profane cosmology, and-perhaps most consistently have responded to his interpretation of history. And to Eliade the writer of novels, short stories, and plays, the above themes and intentions have been equally applied as well. Literary critics have analyzed Eliade’s style, content, plot and character development, use of genre and paralleled these to other writers. In short, Eliade has been approached from many directions.
“Magnificence, Beauty, Poetry, and Color”: The Afro-Baptist Church, Its Ritual, and Frames
Authors: Pitts Walter F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“I love the Lord, He heard my cry,” Deacon cries out. The newly gathered congregation, now seated in their pews, echoes his words in a plaintive tune. They do this without the support of piano, organ, or hymnal. Another Sunday morning worship service has begun at St. John Progressive Baptist Church, which, like many working-class Baptist churches in the black community of Austin, Texas, is home to a small congregation. Why the adjective “Progressive” has been inserted into the church’s title is a mystery—and not a very interesting one to its members. Unlike “Free Will” or “Missionary,” it connotes no sectarian leanings or history.
“I Want to Be at the Meeting”: A History of Afro-Baptist Speech and Hymnody
Authors: Pitts Walter F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recent studies of the origins of the black preaching style have linked it to West African forms of public declamation and recitation. One scholar of Black Vernacular English writes that in light of Negro Caribbean and Guyanese preaching styles, “one could hypothesize that the preaching style was used by Blacks [in the United States] and later spread to white culture” (Vaughn-Cooke 1972: 30). In comparing Caribbean and black North American styles of preaching, another social scientist suggests that the manner in which black preachers deliver their sermons is essentially African: “Afro-American preaching is more similar to the transplanted African religious rites found throughout the Caribbean and in Brazil” (Gumperz 1982: 189).
Gibbon on Muhammad
Authors: Lewis Bernard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mahomet and his Saracens soon fixed my attention, and some instinct of criticism directed me to the genuine sources. Simon Ockley, an original in every sense, first opened my eyes, and I was led from one book to another, till I had ranged around the circle of Oriental history. Before I was sixteen I had exhausted all that could be learned in English of the Arabs and Persians, the Tartars and Turks, and the same ardor urged me to guess at the French of De Herbelot and to construe the barbarous Latin of Pococke’s Abulfaragius.1
Joshua: Biblical Antiquities 20–24
Authors: Murphy Frederick J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Joshua connects the formative period under Moses with the period of settlement in the land. As in the Bible, the new era of the people’s presence in the land is inaugurated with a covenant ceremony. Pseudo-Philo rewrites this to stress the complete fulfillment of all God’s promises that possession of the land involves, thus setting the stage for the rest of the book, where Israel repeatedly fails to live up to its side of the covenant.
LAB 20:1 introduces the Joshua cycle. Pseudo-Philo says God established a covenant with Joshua, a statement not found in the Bible. He bases his statement on passages such as Deut. 31:23, 34:9, and Josh. 1:1–9, which imply that God established a special relationship with Moses’ successor, but Pseudo-Philo makes the idea of covenant explicit.
From Aod to the Ascension of Phinehas: Biblical Antiquities 34–48
Authors: Murphy Fredeick J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chapters 34–48 cover the period between the first two great judges, Kenaz and Deborah, and Samuel. Of special concern in these chapters is the issue of idolatry. It is particularly evident in stories of Aod, Jair, and in the long complex involving Micah, the Levite’s concubine, and the Israelite civil war (chaps. 44–47). Leadership is also important in these chapters, particularly in the stories of Gideon, Abimelech, and Jephthah. Samson’s stories show the danger of mixed marriages. The chapters end with the ascension of Phinehas, marking the end of an era stretching from the desert period to the monarchy.
Predecessors: The First Meetings of East and West
Authors: Versluis Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In order to understand the radical nature of the Transcendentalist assimilation of Asian religions, it is necessary to recognize the fundamental ways in which it diverged and derived from earlier views of Eastern teachings,1 and in particular from the German views, for these formed the preeminent reaction to Eastern thought in the West until the mid-nineteenth century. One cannot speak of a single German perspective, but there are general tendencies, and we will focus on these in the following discussion. In general one may speak of the pessimism of Schopenhauer’s interpretation, of the reactionary rejection of Schlegel and to some extent Feuerbach, and the more temperate distanced observations of Schleiermacher, who moved toward a more universalist consideration of religion: in this last do we see the nearest to the Transcendentalist perspective.
The Nature of True--and Useful-Virtue: From Edwards to Franklin
Authors: Gaustad Edwin S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Perry Miller’s unhappiness over the misinterpretation of his “From Edwards to Emerson” essay (as though he had argued “in some mystical pretension ... for a direct line of intellectual descent”) should warn one against the particular grammatical construction of the subtitle. Miller at least had the advantage of a good deal more “from-ness,” one century to another, in moving between Edwards and Emerson than between Edwards (b. 1703) and Franklin (b. 1706). Yet Franklin’s longevity does allow for some chronological movement, though of course the interest here is more than temporal tracing or pigeonholing, more-to quote Miller once more-than treating the history of ideas as some sort of “mail-order catalogue.” So let it be said that I do not argue for a direct line of intellectual descent but will attempt, rather, to enter the differing intellectual worlds of our two figures. However distinct these separate worlds were, it will also be argued that the orbits of those worlds moved in a common cosmos, sometimes in a parallel or overlapping rotation. And both men hoped to prevent wild eccentricity of orbital motion.
“Bursting with Good Intentions”: The United States in World Affairs, 1901–1913
Authors: Herring George C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Contrary to European predictions, the United States did not become a major player in world politics immediately after the War of 1898. An avowed Anglophile, President Theodore Roosevelt flirted with the idea of an alliance with Great Britain, but he knew that such an arrangement was not feasible because of the relative security the nation continued to enjoy and its long-standing aversion to foreign entanglements. The brief flurry of enthusiasm for empire barely outlasted the war with Spain. The need to consolidate territory already acquired consumed great energy and resources. The Philippine War soured many Americans on colonies. Once an enthusiast for empire, Roosevelt himself would admit by 1907 that the Philippines was America’s Achilles’ heel. While busy solidifying its position in such traditional areas of influence as the Caribbean and the Pacific Basin, the United States did not acquire new colonies or involve itself in the frantic jockeying for alliances that stamped European politics before World War I. It was a great power but not yet a participant in the great-power system.
“A New Age”: Wilson, the Great War, and the Quest for a New World Order, 1913–1921
Authors: Herring George C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It was called the Great War, and its costs were horrific, its consequences profound. Between August 1914 and November 1918, the European powers fought it out across a blood-soaked continent. Harnessing modern technology to the ancient art of war, they created a ruthlessly efficient killing machine that left as many as ten million soldiers and civilians dead, countless others wounded and disfigured. The war inflicted huge economic and psychological damage on people and societies; it shattered once mighty empires. It coincided with and in important ways shaped the outbreak of revolutionary challenges to the established economic and political order. Together, the forces of war and revolution unleashed during the second decade of the twentieth century set off an era of conflict that would last nearly until the century’s end.
Introduction
Authors: Šimánek Eugen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Inhomogeneous superconductors are often classified as composites, with one component superconducting and the other one normal. The latter may be an insulator, semiconductor, or a normal metal. The structure of an inhomogeneous superconductor may involve layers, superconducting filaments in a normal metal matrix, and superconducting grains embedded in a normal matrix. This book is mostly concerned with the properties of granular superconductors involving an insulating matrix. In such systems the movement of a Cooper pair takes place via Josephson tunneling, which is also responsible for establishing a global phase-coherent state. Our aim is to study the deleterious effects of macroscopic quantum fluctuations on the phase coherence in these and other materials, such as dirty films or high-Tc oxides.
Quantum Effects and Ohmic Dissipation
Authors: Šimánek Eugen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Up to this point, our attention was focused on problems of phase ordering in Josephson junction arrays, taking into account the effects of electrostatic charging energy. In general, quantum phase fluctuations associated with the charging energy were found to inhibit the phase order; this suggests the possibility of a fluctuation-driven phase transition. This and the following chapters are concerned, in the first place, with the role played by dissipation in such a phase transition. The discussion will, however, also include macroscopic quantum tunneling in the presence of dissipation.
Phase Transitions in Dissipative Arrays
Authors: Šimánek Eugen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We are now in a position to discuss the effect of dissipation on phase transitions in granular superconductors. The primary theoretical stimulus for such studies came from the work of Caldeira and Leggett (1981), showing how dissipation tends to suppress the macroscopic quantum tunneling. Subsequently, Chakravarty (1982) and, independently, Bray and Moore (1982) have considered the tunneling of a particle in a (double-well potential) in the presence of dissipation.
Myth, Sentiment, and the Construction of Social Forms
Authors: Lincoln Bruce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As the English Civil War (1642-48) drew to a close, it was evident to all that, with the overthrow of Charles I, major changes were likely in the nature of politics and society alike. In October-November 1647, fully cognizant of the momentous nature of the occasion, members of the General Council of Cromwell’s victorious New Model Army met at Putney Church to debate the shape in which English society would be remade. Specifically, the group, itself deeply divided on numerous issues, assembled to discuss a document, the Agreement of the People, that was nothing less than a draft of a sweeping new constitution proposed by leaders of the radical and populist Leveller faction, who then stood at the height of their power.
Fostering Political Participation
Authors: Quadagno Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, the keystone of John son’s War on Poverty, established new programs for community action and created a new agency, the Office of Economic Opportunity, to oversee them. OEO, in turn, delegated responsibility for administering community action to Community Action Agencies (CAAs). By issuing grants directly to public or private non-profit organizations, OEO transcended the New Deal legacy of local welfare offices and county officials. In many cities local CAAs established neighborhood health centers, emergency food and medical services, job and literacy training, alcoholic counseling, drug rehabilitation, and migrant workers’ assistance.
Universal Principles in Social Security
Authors: Quadagno Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The War on Poverty initiated ambitious programs to improve communities, train workers, and increase housing for the poor. But because these programs also promoted racial equality, they created a backlash against the welfare state. Proposals for child care and welfare reform also failed because they became en tangled in racial issues. These outcomes suggest that targeting, whether by income or by race, is an ineffectual strategy for expanding the welfare state.
The Short Unhappy Reign of King Talal
Authors: Satloff Robert B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The first few months of Talal’s rule were an extended political honeymoon for the king and his prime minister. It was, for both of them, a time to replace Abdullah’s fading authoritarianism with a new way of governing inside Jordan and a new basis for relations with the outside world. For Talal, the kingship was a refuge in which he could finally escape his father’s domineering reach, withdraw from public life, and be everything but his father’s son. That, in turn, offered Abu’! Huda an opportunity to build his own structures of more substantive political security, which involved pacifying adversaries, quieting critics, and, when possible, keeping competitors and rivals at bay. The relationship between king and prime minister, which remained the only constant fixture in Talal’s life during his eleven-month reign, was founded on a simple, shared goalpeace of mind.
Ritual and Recreation
Authors: Minturn Leigh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Men and women are separated in their religious worship, as they are in their secular lives. When I arrived in Khalapur in 1955, I was immediately recruited by John Hitchcock, the project field director, who had found that many ceremonies are performed only by women, to record women’s religious ceremonies and interview women about them. Purdah restrictions prevented him or other men from entering the bughar courtyards to observe these ceremonies, and the men he asked about them said they knew nothing about women’s ceremonies. After I had participated in a few of the women’s household ceremonies, it was obvious that boys under the age of 14 or 16, who had not yet shifted their residence to the choopars were usually present along with the women and the younger children. It seemed clear that the men must have remembered details of ceremonies from their own childhoods but simply would not talk about women’s activities.
Women’s Nature: Honor and Shakti
Authors: Minturn Leigh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The secluded wives of Khalapur are women who possess both sexuality and honor. The poetic epigraphs to this chapter embody their beliefs about virtue and sexuality. Virgins are sacred, and prepubescent girls are often called devi, or goddess, and given special food and gifts on some feast days. The reputations of their families and community are elevated or dishonored by the virtue of their women. Rajput women will defend their honor fiercely against immoral women who are traitors to their golden thread, and against any blasphemer who wrongfully accuses a virtuous keeper of this trust.
Health and Family Planning
Authors: Minturn Leigh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hindu beliefs about cleanliness are based on ritual pollution, as defined by caste rules, not on sanitary beliefs based on the germ theory of disease. Traditional Hindu medicine is based on proper diet and the use of medicinal herbs. Because of beliefs about blood pollution, surgery is not included. Minor surgery is done by village barbers, a low-caste group. The village women we interviewed had little knowledge of anatomy, including the anatomy of their reproductive organs, and no knowledge of methods of sterilization.
Orality and Oral Transmission
Authors: Bryan Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Did Mark write for a listening audience? In what ways might that have affected his work? Recent studies of orality and its relationship to the rise of literacy have provided us with useful tools with which to examine such a question, and it is in the context of these studies that I now wish to consider Mark. Like all who enter this field, I shall be drawing continually on the foundational researches and insights of the great Homer scholar Milman Parry and his student Albert Bates Lord, together with the further work of Eric A. Havelock and Walter Ong, S.J.
An Analysis of Mark’s Structure
Authors: Bryan Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mark moves us from our world to the world of his story by speaking at once of the “good news of Jesus Christ,” which will be his central concern. The beginning of this good news was, he tells us, the coming of John the Baptizer in fulfilment of a divine promise made long before the plotted time of his story: “as it is written in Isaiah the prophet … John came” (1:2, 4). (I take it, following Basil the Great, Victor of Antioch, and probably Origen,1 that 1:1-4 is a single sentence: a powerful rhetorical summons to attention that plunges us at once in medias res [Basil, Against Eunomius 2:15; this and other texts cited in C. H. Turner, “Marean Usage,” 145-46]). Thus, as Frank Kermode has pointed out, Mark’s story implies and is part of a much longer story, which we already see stretching as far back as the prophets (Kermode, Genesis of Secrecy, 133-34).
Introduction
Authors: Himmelfarb Martha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The claim made in such striking terms in this passage, that a human being can become the equal of the angels, stands at the center of a group of eight early Jewish and Christian apocalypses in which ascent to heaven is the mode of revelation. In other ways there are considerable differences among these apocalypses. Some come from Palestine, others from Egypt. They span almost four hundred years, from the early third century B.C.E. to the mid-second century c.E. Some were written by Jews, others by Christians, and there is some debate about which are which. Some of the apocalypses are clearly sectarian in outlook, but others take a rather inclusive view of the righteous. Several are dependent on the earliest of the ascent apocalypses, the Book of the Watchers ( I Enoch 1-36); others give no indication of a literary relationship to any other work. In some, the end of the world and the last judgment are major concerns, while in others they remain in the background or are altogether absent.
From Ezekiel to the Book of the Watchers
Authors: Himmelfarb Martha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The vision of 1 Enoch 14 marks a crucial departure in the history of ancient Jewish literature. To a certain extent Enoch’s vision stands in the tradition of prophecy. From one angle it can be seen as a dramatic call vision, like Ezekiel’s vision of the chariot throne, to which it has some striking parallels. In the culmination of the vision, God commissions Enoch to perform a prophetic task, to deliver a message of judgment to the fallen Watchers. But there is one central difference between Enoch’s vision and the visions of the prophets, including Ezekiel’s: unlike any of the prophets, Enoch ascends to heaven.