bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase Transformation of High Silica BEA to OU-1 and MTW
Authors: Rao PR Hari Prasad , Ueyama Korekazu , Kikuchi Eiichi , Matsukata Masahiko 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Phase transformation of high silica BEA to OU-1 and MTW was demonstrated for the first time. Zeolite OU-1, an analogous material to SSZ-31 and NCL-1, was synthesized using tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) as a structure directing agent. The influence of Na and Al ions on stabilization of BEA phase during crystallization is presented.
Addition of Grignard and Organolithium Reagents to the Negatively Charged Sulfur Atom of 2,2-Bis(diethylamino)ethan-2-ylium-1-dithioate
Authors: Nakayama Juzo , Otani Takashi , Sugihara Yoshiaki , Ishii Akihiko 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
A range of Grignard and organolithium reagents added to the negatively charged sulfur atom of the inner salt 1, despite the presence of the positively charged carbenium carbon, to give enethiolates 4, which were methylated by MeI to give dithioacetals 3 as the final product in excellent yields. A mechanism involving a single-electron-transfer process from nucleophiles to 1 is presented for this thiophilic addition.
Enhanced DNA Photocleavage by a Subnanomolar Amount of Mercury(II) Porphyrin
Authors: Tabata Masaaki , Sarker Ashish Kumar , Watanabe Keiichi 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Mercury (II)-porphyrin complex as low as 3 × 10−7 mol dm−3 significantly accelerated single and double strand scissions of pBluescript plasmid DNA upon visible photoirradiation with the formation of singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, and other oxygen radicals which were confirmed by EPR measurement.
Photochromism of an Indolylfulgide Trapped in a Hybrid Sol-Gel Matrix
Authors: Biteau John , Chaput Frédéric , Yokoyama Yasushi , Boilot Jean-Pierre 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
An indolyfulgide has been trapped in a hybrid organic-inorganic matrix prepared by the sol-gel process using methyltriethoxysilane. Photochromic properties of doped films have been studied.
Direct Observation of Correlation between Crystalline-State Deuterium Transfer and Racemization of 1-Cyanoethylcobaloxime Complex by Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Ohhara Takashi , Uekusa Hidehiro , Ohashi Yuji , Tanaka Ichiro , Kumazawa Shintaro , Niimura Nobuo 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
The [(R)-1-cyanoethyl-dα] group, which has a deuterium atom attached to the chiral carbon and is bonded to the cobalt atom, in a cobaloxime complex with pyridine as an axial base ligand is inverted to the opposite configuration on exposure to visible light with retention of the single crystal form. The C-D bond is not cleaved in the process of the inversion.
Skeletal Ni-P Amorphous Alloy(R-Ni-P) as a Hydrogenation Catalyst
Authors: Li Hexing , Wang Weijiang , Zong Baoning , Min Enze , Deng Jing-Fa 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Ni-P amorphous alloy with skeletal structure like Raney nickel was prepared by alkali leaching of a Ni-Al-P amorphous alloy obtained by the rapid quenching method, which exhibits high selectivity and activity for the hydrogenation of the organic compounds with various unsaturated functional groups.
Time-on Stream Performance of Co-Ni/TiO2 and HZSM-5 Catalyst Systems for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Jothimurugesan K , Gordon T , Gangwal S K 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Time-on-stream Fischer-Tropsch (FT) product distributions using a 5% Co-5% Ni/TiO2 catalyst and a catalyst prepared by mixing this catalyst with HZSM-5 underwent dramatic variations during the first 20 h of operation. Deactivation of the FT catalyst over 100 h was significantly lower in the presence of HZSM-5.
Potential antimicrobial agents: Trifluoromethyl‐10H‐phenothiazines and ribofuranosides
Authors: Singh Girwar , Kumar Neeraj , Yadav Ashok K. , Mishra A. K. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe zinc salts of substituted 2‐amino benzenethiols, on condensation with 2‐chloro‐3‐nitro‐5‐trifluoromethyl benzene, in presence of sodium acetate and ethanol and subsequent formylation gave the corresponding 2‐formamido‐substituted diphenylsulfides. From them substituted 2‐trifluoromethyl‐10H‐phenothiazines have been synthesized via Smiles rearrangement. Ribofuranosides α‐ and β‐ anomers were synthesized by the condensation of phenothiazines with sugar in toluene in presence of SnCl4 at 0°C and 155–160°C, respectively. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:481–486, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10165
Synthesis of ribosylated 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives
Authors: Ren Zhong‐Xu , Chen Xiao‐Min , Li Zhan‐Jiang , Huang Zhi‐Tang 
Published: September 2003

AbstractRibosylated 1,2,3‐triazole 4 and 5 were synthesized in moderate yields by the reaction of aroyl‐substituted heterocyclic ketene aminals 1 or 2 with 2,3,5‐tri‐O‐benzoyl‐β‐D‐ribofuranosyl azide (3). Their structures were determined by elemental analyses and spectroscopic methods. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:487–490, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10167
An aminoimidazole and its utility in heterocyclic synthesis
Authors: Elkholy Yehya M. , Erian Ayman W. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractAminoacetonitrile (1) reacted with acetamidinium chloride to give 4‐aminoimidazole (4), which reacted with DMFDMA to yield imidazole derivative 7 and with benzylidinemalononitrile and ethoxymethylene malononitrile to give imidazo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine derivatives 12 and 15. Compound 1 reacted with β‐crotononitrile to yield pyridine derivative 20. Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine derivative 23 could be obtained via the reaction of 20 with DMFDMA. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:503–508, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10178
Synthesis and antivirus activity of 1,3,5‐triazine derivatives
Authors: Wang Qingmin , Liu Gang , Shao Ruilian , Huang Runqiu 
Published: September 2003

AbstractReaction of 6‐phenyl‐4‐thioxo‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2‐one with alkyl halide in the presence of 1 equiv. of sodium hydroxide resulted in 4‐alkylthio‐6‐phenyl‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2‐one in good yield, whereas the above reaction provided 2‐alkoxyl‐4‐alkylthio‐6‐phenyl‐1,3,5‐triazine in the presence of 2 equiv. of sodium hydroxide. 6‐Phenyl‐4‐thioxo‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2‐one was oxidized with hydrogen peroxide to give 6‐phenyl‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐dione. Further treatment with ethyl bromoacetate or (substituted) benzyl bromides yielded 2,4‐dialkoxy‐6‐phenyl‐1,3,5‐triazines. At the same time, a small amount of 2‐dimethylamino‐4‐alkoxy‐6‐phenyl‐1,3,5‐triazines were isolated. Preliminary bioassays indicate that the title compounds possess good activities against tobacco mosaic virus. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:542–545, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10189
Child protective intervention in the context of welfare reform: The effects of work and welfare on maltreatment reports
Authors: Slack Kristen Shook , Holl Jane L. , Lee Bong Joo , McDaniel Marla , Altenbernd Lisa , Stevens Amy Bush 
Published: September 2003

AbstractRecent changes in welfare policy have produced changes in parental work and welfare receipt. These factors are assessed in relation to investigated
reports of child abuse and neglect using survey data on 1998 welfare recipients in nine Illinois counties, in conjunction with longitudinal
administrative data on cash welfare benefits, employment, and child abuse and neglect reports. Trend analyses show that rates of child maltreatment
reports among welfare recipients have risen since the passage of PRWORA in 1996. Findings from multivariate analyses indicate that parental employment
has a protective effect on reports to child protection systems (CPS), that this effect is greatest when combined with welfare receipt, and
that this effect becomes stronger over time. Those who receive welfare in the absence of employment face a significantly greater risk of CPS
involvement, even compared with those who neither work nor receive welfare. © 2003 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and
Management
Linking program implementation and effectiveness: Lessons from a pooled sample of welfare‐to‐work experiments
Authors: Bloom Howard S. , Hill Carolyn J. , Riccio James A. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThis paper addresses the question: How does implementation influence the effectiveness of mandatory welfare‐to‐work programs?
Data from three large‐scale, multi‐site random assignment experiments were pooled; quantitative measures of program implementation
were constructed; and multilevel statistical modeling was used to examine the relationship between program implementation and effects on
short‐term client earnings. Individual‐level data were analyzed for 69,399 sample members and group‐level implementation data were
analyzed for 59 local programs. Findings indicate that, other things being equal, earnings effects are increased by: an emphasis on quick client
employment, an emphasis on personalized client attention, staff caseloads that do not get too large, and limited use of basic education. Findings also
show that mandatory welfare‐to‐work programs can be effective for many types of people, and that focusing on clients who are especially
job‐ready (or not) does not have a consistent influence on a program's effectiveness. © 2003 by the Association for Public
Policy Analysis and Management
Non‐AUG translation initiation of mRNA encoding acidic ribosomal P2A protein in Candida albicans
Authors: Abramczyk Dariusz , Tchórzewski Marek , Grankowski Nikodem 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe eukaryotic 60S ribosomal subunit has a set of very acidic proteins (P‐proteins), which form a distinct lateral protuberance called the stalk structure. This protein complex is directly involved in the elongation step of polypeptide synthesis. In our study on acidic ribosomal P‐proteins from the human opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans, we isolated and characterized one of the genes, called CARP2A, and its product, the P2A protein. The CARP2A gene is intron‐less, present in a single copy per haploid genome, and transcriptionally active. The open reading frame of the studied gene contains information for a sequence of 108 amino acids. Based on this, the molecular mass and isoelectric point of the P2A protein were theoretically calculated to be 10.85 kDa and 3.7, respectively. The characteristic feature of the CARP2A gene transcript is the presence of a GUG start codon, which is rare in eukaryotic organisms and not previously reported in yeast. To our knowledge this is the first report showing the presence of a naturally occurring non‐AUG start codon on mRNA in yeast species. The nucleotide sequence of CARP2A has been deposited in the GenBank data library under Accession No. AF317661. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cost‐effectiveness of transvaginal sonography and saline infused sonography in the evaluation of menorrhagia
Authors: Dijkhuizen F.P.H.L.J. , Mol B.W.J. , Bongers M.Y. , Brölmann H.A.M. , Heintz A.P.M. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractObjectives:To assess the cost‐effectiveness of transvaginal sonography (TVS) and saline infused sonography (SIS) in the diagnostic work‐up of women with menorrhagia.Methods:We performed a decision analysis in which we compared the percentage of patients treated successfully and cost of six strategies for the evaluation of menorrhagia: (0) hormonal treatment, (I) treatment of all patients with balloon ablation, (II) TVS and therapeutic hysteroscopy, (III) TVS, SIS and therapeutic hysteroscopy, (IV) SIS and therapeutic hysteroscopy, and (V) diagnostic hysteroscopy and therapeutic hysteroscopy. Hormonal treatment was considered to be the reference strategy to which the five strategies were compared. Data were obtained from the published literature. In order to evaluate the robustness of our results, we performed extensive sensitivity analyses, in which we varied sensitivity and specificity of TVS and hysteroscopy, the prevalence of intracavitary abnormalities, as well as costs of TVS and SIS.Results:We found that the strategy starting with SIS (IV) and the strategy with diagnostic hysteroscopy (V) revealed the highest number of patients treated successfully for menorrhagia. In terms of cost‐effectiveness, SIS for all patients was superior over immediate diagnostic hysteroscopy for all patients. Strategies starting with TVS were less effective than the strategy starting with SIS.Conclusions:We recommend SIS as the procedure of first choice in the work‐up for women with menorrhagia.
Analgesic efficacy of intramuscular opioids versus epidural analgesia in labor
Authors: Jain S. , Arya V.K. , Gopalan S. , Jain V. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractObjectives: To compare analgesic efficacy of intramuscular opioids: meperidine and tramadol with epidural analgesia. Methods: One hundred and twenty‐eight term nulliparous women with singleton pregnancy and vertex presentation were randomized to receive either epidural (n=43), meperidine (n=39) or tramadol (n=44). A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess the severity of pain. The parameters analyzed were analgesic efficacy, effect on labor, other maternal side effects, perinatal outcome and maternal satisfaction. Results: Median VAS scores following first dose were 0 (0–5), 5 (3–8) and 5 (3–8) in epidural, meperidine and tramadol groups, respectively. Ninety percent of women rated analgesia as good to excellent in the epidural group as compared with 72% of women in the meperidine group and 65% in tramadol group. However, epidural caused a significant prolongation of first (P<0.05) and second (P<0.01) stage of labor with an increased number of operative deliveries (27% in the epidural, 7.6% in the meperidine, and 11.4% in the tramadol groups, P<0.05). In the epidural group 40% women had urinary retention and 16% had motor weakness, whereas sedation was the only side effect seen in the meperidine (41%) and tramadol groups (9%). Respiratory depression was noted among three neonates in the meperidine group, two in the tramadol group and none in the epidural group. Conclusions: The analgesic efficacy and maternal satisfaction is better with epidural analgesia than with opioids. Analgesia provided by meperidine and tramadol is comparable and approximately 50% of women rated the analgesia as good. Meperidine is better in the second stage than tramadol. Hence in developing nations where availability of facilities is the main limiting factor, intramuscular opioids can be considered suitable alternatives.
Vascular endothelial growth factor in adnexal masses
Authors: Demirkiran F. , Kumbak B. , Bese T. , Arvas M. , Benian A. , Aydin S. , Uzun H. , Sanioglu C. , Aydinli K. , Kösebay D. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractObjectives: To determine cyst fluid and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations in patients with ovarian masses and to investigate the efficiency of this modulator in the clinical management of cystic pelvic masses. Methods: Needle puncture for cyst fluid aspiration were performed on 88 cystic ovarian masses intraoperatively. Forty‐five patients with benign and 43 patients with malignant ovarian pathology were analyzed for cyst fluid and serum VEGF concentrations. Both cystic fluid and serum VEGF concentration were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Cyst fluid VEGF levels of malignant cysts (40.65±17.69 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those of benign cysts (12.53±6.13 ng/ml; P<0.001). Similarly, higher serum VEGF concentrations were found in patients with malignant disease (0.72±0.17 ng/ml) compared with benign cysts (0.33±0.11 ng/ml; P<0.001). A statistically significant correlation was observed between cyst fluid and serum VEGF levels in both malignant and benign cysts. For serum VEGF, at a cut‐off value of 0.41 ng/ml; sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 95%, 78%, 80% and 95%, respectively. No significant correlation between cyst fluid VEGF concentration and tumor stage or grade could be found. Conclusions: Significantly higher concentrations of VEGF are present in cyst fluid and serum of patients with malignant ovarian cysts compared with benign ovarian ones. There is no relation between VEGF and tumor stage or grade.
Anemia during pregnancy in a Chinese population
Authors: Xiong X. , Buekens P. , Fraser W.D. , Guo Z. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractObjectives: To study prevalence, risk factors, and birth outcomes of women with anemia during pregnancy in a Chinese population. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed based on 16 936 pregnancies delivered between January 1989 and December 1990 in Suzhou, China. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin less than 10 g/dl. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and to control for confounding variables. Results: The prevalence of anemia was 10.3% at the first trimester, 18.9% at the third trimester. Overall, 26.2% pregnant women experienced anemia in pregnancy. Anemia during early pregnancy was not associated with increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. However, anemia in later pregnancy was inversely associated with preterm birth and low birth weight. Conclusions: Anemia during pregnancy does not increase the risk of poor birth outcomes.
Dysmenorrhea treatment with a single daily dose of rofecoxib
Authors: Şahin İ. , Saraçoğlu F. , Kurban Y. , Türkkanı B. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractObjectives: To investigate the efficacy of single daily doses of rofecoxib, a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase‐2, in dysmenorrhea. Methods: Fifty‐five patients were included in this randomized, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study. Patients were randomized to use placebo, naproxen sodium (550 mg), 25 and 50 mg doses of rofecoxib in various orders. Pain intensity, analgesic efficacy of drugs, total number of pills used and side effects were evaluated. Results: Rofecoxib with daily single doses of 25 and 50 mg decreased the pain intensity in a manner similar to naproxen sodium. Most of the patients (85.45% and 96.46%) evaluated the analgesic efficacy of rofecoxib as ‘perfectly effective’. Rofecoxib was found to be effective for pain relief both in primary and secondary dysmenorrhea. Gastrointestinal adverse effects were less than those with naproxen sodium. Conclusions: A ‘one a day’ dose of 25 mg rofecoxib is an effective choice with lower gastrointestinal adverse effects than naproxen sodium.
A randomized study of total abdominal, vaginal and laparoscopic hysterectomy
Authors: Ribeiro S.C. , Ribeiro R.M. , Santos N.C. , Pinotti J.A. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractObjectives: To evaluate operative time, blood loss and inflammatory response in patients submitted to hysterectomy. Methods: Sixty patients referred for hysterectomy were prospectively randomized to total abdominal hysterectomy (n=20), vaginal hysterectomy (n=20), or laparoscopic hysterectomy (n=20). The operative time, blood loss (variation in erythrocyte and hemoglobin) and inflammatory answer (CRP and interleukin‐6 dosages) were compared by using Kruskal–Wallis, Dunn non‐parametric test and variance analysis with repeated measurements. Results: Operative time was shorter for vaginal hysterectomy, and there was no significant difference between total abdominal hysterectomy and laparoscopic hysterectomy. Reduction in erythrocyte and hemoglobin was more noticeable after vaginal hysterectomy, followed by total abdominal hysterectomy and laparoscopic hysterectomy. CRP levels increased steadily from vaginal hysterectomy to laparoscopic hysterectomy and then to total abdominal hysterectomy. The increase in interleukin‐6 was substantially higher in total abdominal hysterectomy, whereas no difference was noted between vaginal and laparoscopic hysterectomy. Conclusions: Vaginal hysterectomy presents superior results in terms of operative time and inflammatory response when compared with total abdominal and laparoscopic hysterectomy and it should be the first option for hysterectomy. Laparoscopic hysterectomy should be considered when the vaginal approach is unfeasible, showing clear advantages over abdominal hysterectomy.
Human chorionic gonadotropin in cervicovaginal secretions as a predictor of preterm delivery
Authors: Sanchez‐Ramos L. , Mentel C. , Bertholf R. , Kaunitz A.M. , Delke I. , Loge C. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractObjectives: To determine whether human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) detected in cervicovaginal secretions of patients with symptoms suggestive of preterm labor is a predictor of preterm birth. Methods: Women presenting to labor and delivery with symptoms of preterm labor were invited to participate. After collecting secretions with a cotton‐tipped applicator from the posterior fornix and endocervical canal, we placed the swab in a test tube containing 1 ml of normal saline. From this solution, we performed qualitative and quantitative hCG measurements. Qualitative and quantitative hCG results from women who delivered at term were compared with those delivering prior to 37 weeks’ gestation. Results: Samples were obtained and analyzed from 86 women at a mean (± standard deviation) gestational age of 30.7±2.9 weeks. Of the 86 subjects enrolled, 28 (32.6%) delivered preterm. A positive rapid qualitative assay from cervicovaginal secretions between 24 and 34 weeks’ gestation was associated with a significant increase in the incidence of preterm delivery (relative risk 2.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38, 4.98). The likelihood ratios for a positive and negative test were 2.19 (95% CI 1.35, 3.56) and 0.51 (95% CI 0.30, 0.85) respectively. Using a cut‐off of 19 mIU/ml, similar diagnostic accuracy for predicting preterm birth was obtained with the quantitative test 1.93 (95% CI 1.14, 3.26) and 0.62 (95% CI 0.40, 0.98). Conclusions: Qualitative and quantitative hCG measurements from cervicovaginal secretions may be useful predictors of preterm birth in symptomatic patients. The qualitative hCG test can be used at the bedside with results obtained in minutes.