bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of transscleral cyclophotocoagulation with a diode laser for the treatment of glaucoma occurring post intracapsular extraction of displaced lenses: a retrospective study of 15 dogs (1995–2000)
Authors: O'Reilly A. , Hardman C. , Stanley R. G. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCP) using a diode laser for treating aphakic glaucoma that developed after intracapsular lens extraction (ICLE) had been performed for displaced lenses. Records of 15 dogs (21 eyes) were reviewed. The intraocular pressure (IOP) and the presence of vision were recorded at the time of ICLE and TSCP and at 1, 3, 6–9, 12 and 24 months post TSCP. The glaucoma was considered controlled if the IOP was less than 25 mmHg. The results indicated that the effectiveness of TSCP using a diode laser for treating aphakic glaucoma was of a short‐term duration (1–3 months), with three patients needing repeat TSPC. In addition, adjunctive antiglaucoma medications were often required to maintain an adequately controlled IOP. Over the 24‐month period the number of dogs requiring intrascleral prosthesis, intraocular gentamicin or enucleation, or that were lost to follow‐up, increased.
Idiopathic ocular and nasal granulomatous inflammatory disease in a dog
Authors: Gionfriddo Juliet R. , Krohne Sheryl G. , Powell Cynthia C. , Powers Barbara E. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA young female Akita presented for ocular and nasal lesions. Examination showed bilateral 360 degree limbal masses that extended onto the peripheral cornea. In addition, intranasal granulomatous masses were observed by rhinoscopy. Histopathologic examination with immunohistochemical staining showed that these masses were almost identical and were classified as an idiopathic, T‐cell rich, granulomatous inflammation. The dog responded well to anti‐inflammatory medication and the disease remains in remission 2 years after the initial presentation.
Intraocular pressure development after cataract surgery: a prospective study in 50 dogs (1998–2000)
Authors: Chahory Sabine , Clerc Bernard , Guez Julie , Sanaa Moez 
Published: May 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo study the course of intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract surgery in 50 dogs.DesignProspective study.AnimalsFifty dogs without preoperative ocular hypertension were selected for cataract surgery.MethodsAll dogs underwent cataract surgery: 25 by manual extracapsular extraction and 25 by phacoemulsification. For each dog, intraocular pressure was measured before surgery, and 1, 3, 5, 18 h, 1 week and 1 month post surgery.ResultsNo significant difference of mean intraocular pressure between the two surgical methods was observed for each time measurement. Nine dogs had postoperative hypertension (IOP > 25 mmHg) during the first 5 hours post surgery. Incidence of postoperative hypertension was not significantly different with manual extracapsular extraction (16%) vs. phacoemulsification (20%). A decrease of mean IOP was observed 1 h after surgery (8.49 mmHg vs. 10.91 mmHg), then an increase 3 and 5 h post surgery (12.3 and 13.32 mmHg, respectively). At 18 h, 1 week and 1 month post surgery, mean IOP decreased. Mean IOP was 10.38, 10.38 and 8.84 mmHg, respectively.ConclusionIn this study incidence of POH is not high. However, a follow‐up of IOP in the first hours after cataract surgery is required to avoid complications of the retina and optic nerve and to administer hypotensive treatment if necessary.
Unilateral ocular subalbinism in a laboratory Beagle dog
Authors: Shibuya K. , Hirai T. , Nunoya T. , Sugimoto K. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBlue discoloration of the iris was found in the left eye of a male laboratory Beagle dog, which had a normal tricolor coat and clinically showed no visual impairment. Ophthalmoscopically, the affected eye revealed red‐colored tigroid fundus, in which no tapetum was present. The retinal vasculature and the optic disc showed no noticeable changes. Histopathologically, in the left eye melanocytes had extremely few melanin granules in the anterior segment, including the anterior border layer, in the stroma and sphincter muscle of the iris and in the stroma of the ciliary body and choroid. However, the posterior pigment epithelium of the iris, the pigment epithelium of the ciliary body and the retinal pigment epithelium showed normal pigmentation. The tapetal elements were completely absent. Number and distribution of the S‐100 protein‐positive melanocytes with or without melanin granules in the iris, ciliary body and choroid of the left eye were similar to those of the normal right eye. Ultrastructurally, melanocytes in the anterior segment of the affected iris possessed no or few melanosomes which were incompletely melanized. In the right eye, no abnormal features were observed. Based on these results, the present case was diagnosed as unilateral ocular subalbinism with tapetal aplasia in a Beagle dog.
Use of a caudal auricular axial pattern flap in three cats and one dog following orbital exenteration
Authors: Stiles Jean , Townsend Wendy , Willis Michelle , Moore Phillip A. , Smith Eric 
Published: May 2003

AbstractOrbital exenteration accompanied by wide eyelid excision in the cat and dog may leave a defect that cannot be closed in a primary fashion. This report describes the use of a caudal auricular axial pattern flap to effect closure following orbital exenteration in three cats and one dog. The most common complication was distal flap necrosis, which necessitated a second surgery in two patients.
Myxoid leiomyoma of the iris in a dog
Authors: Billson F. Mark , Mould John R. B. , Lee William R. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA leiomyoma of the iris is described in an 11‐year‐old Yorkshire Terrier. This is a rare primary intraocular tumor in dogs and we describe the clinical presentation, gross findings and histopathologic characteristics of this tumor. The diagnosis was made on the basis of light microscopy and immunohistochemical staining using antidesmin antibodies, which is specific for myogenic tissues. An unusual feature of the tumor was the presence of myxoid change. To our knowledge myxoid change has not been previously described in a primary intraocular leiomyoma.
Intraocular extramedullary plasmacytoma in a cat
Authors: Michau Tammy Miller , Proulx David R. , Rushton Steven D. , Olivry Thierry , Dunston Stanley M. , Gilger Brian C. , Davidson Michael G. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old, castrated male Domestic Short‐haired cat was referred for evaluation of a possible intraocular neoplasm following previous ocular trauma. The eye was blind, and uveitis and an iridal mass were noted on examination. An enucleation was performed and the mandibular lymph node excised. Histopathologic examination revealed neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells in the iris and lymph node. No other evidence of disseminated disease was detected. This is the first case reported of an intraocular extramedullary plasmacytoma in the cat. The variation in clinical manifestations and potential association with multiple myeloma are not known at this time. Disseminated metastasis from a primary plasmacytoma of the uveal tract could also involve the bone marrow and be indistinguishable from multiple myeloma. Early enucleation, as in trauma‐associated sarcomas, may be indicated to prevent metastasis. Periodic systemic evaluation for evidence of multiple myeloma should be performed.
Day‐blindness in three dogs: clinical and electroretinographic findings
Authors: Hurn Simon D. , Hardman Chloë , Stanley Robin G. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA 6‐month‐old Rhodesian ridgeback‐cross, a 6‐year‐old Chihuahua and a 12‐month‐old Australian cattle dog were presented to the authors with a history of colliding with obstacles in daylight. Ophthalmic examination was normal and all three dogs successfully negotiated obstacle courses in dim light. In daylight the dogs became suddenly blind and repeatedly collided with obstacles. Elecroretinography (ERG) revealed no retinal activity to high frequency (30 Hz), bright intensity blue light retinal stimulation by any dog, confirming cone dysfunction. Achromatopsia has previously been recorded in Alaskan malamutes and miniature poodles. This clinical case series illustrates the characteristic behavioral presentation and the electroretinographic findings of severe day‐blindness and demonstrates that this condition may exist in other breeds of dogs.
Presence of opioid growth factor and its receptor in the normal dog, cat and horse cornea
Authors: Robertson Sheilah A. , Andrew Stacy E. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractObjective To determine if opioid growth factor (OGF, [Met5]enkephalin) and its specific receptor (OGFr) are present in normal cat, dog and horse cornea.Animals studied Normal dog, cat and horse.Procedure Corneas were obtained from animals euthanized for reasons unrelated to this project. One cornea from each of three normal cats, dogs and horses was evaluated. The right or left cornea from each animal was chosen randomly. Corneas were harvested and placed in corneal storage media for transport to The M.S. Hershey Medical Center of The Pennsylvania State University where immunocytochemistry techniques were used to demonstrate the presence and location of OGF and OGFr. Tissues were rinsed in Sorenson's phosphate buffer, immersed in 20% sucrose in buffer and then snap frozen in isopentane. Corneas were then embedded in OCT medium and 15 µm cryostat sections were created. Presence of OGF was determined by using a polyclonal antibody to [Met5]enkephalin and assessing immunoreactivity. OGFr presence was determined by using a previously characterized rabbit polyclonal antibody to the receptor.Results OGF and OGFr were identified in large quantities in the corneal epithelium of all three species.Conclusion Opioid growth factor and its specific receptor are present in the corneal epithelium of normal cats, dogs and horses. OGF is present in the cornea of many species and its presence is theorized to inhibit healing of injured tissue.
Lens sparing pars plana vitrectomy and retinal transplantation in cats
Authors: Bragadóttir Ragnheður , Narfström Kristina 
Published: May 2003

AbstractNeuroretinal transplantation techniques have been evolving during recent years. Experiments in rodent models with degenerative retinal disease have been encouraging. This paper describes a surgical technique developed for use in the Abyssinian cat mutant. After two‐port pars plana vitrectomy, retinotomy and bleb formation, whole sheets of neonatal neuroretinal allografts were placed into the subretinal space. The surgery was difficult but feasible, and the main complication was intraoperative hemorrhage.
The effect of anl‐type calcium channel blocker on the hemodynamics of orbital arteries in dogs
Authors: Källberg Maria E. , Brooks Dennis E. , Komaromy Andras M. , Miyabayashi Takayoshi , Bradshaw Patrick T. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractPurpose(1) To determine the effect of thel‐type calcium channel blocker amlodipine on color Doppler ultrasound‐determined vascular resistance and blood flow velocities in the distal retrobulbar arteries of dogs; (2) to determine any effect of blood pressure and PCO2rate on such color Doppler‐determined circulatory measurements.MethodsColor Doppler imaging measurements of the short posterior ciliary artery, long posterior ciliary artery, and ophthalmic artery of normal eyes of 10 dogs were obtained under isofluorane anesthesia before and 1 week after oral amlodipine administration. Mean systemic arterial blood pressure and PCO2were monitored.ResultsThe mean resistive index decreased significantly in the short posterior ciliary artery (P = 0.0347), in the long posterior ciliary artery (P = 0.0092), and ophthalmic artery (P = 0.0004) following systemic amlodipine administration. The end diastolic velocity increased significantly in the long posterior ciliary artery (P = 0.0368) and ophthalmic artery (P < 0.0001). The peak systolic velocity increased significantly in the ophthalmic artery (P = 0.0256). Mean systemic arterial blood pressure was significantly negatively associated with resistive index (P < 0.0001) and significantly associated with the log of the end diastolic velocity (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsSystemically administered amlodipine increases color Doppler imaging‐determined blood flow velocity and decreases vascular resistive index in the ophthalmic artery, short posterior ciliary artery and long posterior ciliary artery of normal dogs. Changes in systemic arterial blood pressure can significantly affect the measurement of color Doppler imaging parameters.
Effects of twice daily application of 2% dorzolamide on intraocular pressure in normal cats
Authors: Rainbow Marc E. , Dziezyc Joan 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe effect of the topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, dorzolamide, on intraocular pressure in cats was studied. The intraocular pressure of both eyes of eight healthy cats was measured using applanation tonometery (Tono‐Pen) during two phases: control and treatment. Both eyes were treated with 2% dorzolamide twice a day during the treatment phase. Application of dorzolamide resulted in a significant decrease of intraocular pressure over the treatment phase. By the fourth and fifth day of treatment, the mean intraocular pressure (± standard deviation) was 9.7 (± 1.5) mmHg, whereas the mean (± standard deviation) for the last 2 days of the control period was 12.2 (± 2.0) mmHg. Based on this study, dorzolamide is a potentially effective treatment for glaucoma in cats, significantly lowering intraocular pressure.
Corneal esthesiometry in the healthy horse
Authors: Kaps Simone , Richter Marianne , Spiess Bernhard M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractObjective To determine corneal sensitivity in healthy adult horses in order to establish reference values.Animals studied One hundred eyes of 50 healthy adult horses.Procedure Corneal sensitivity was determined by evaluating the corneal touch threshold (CTT) in five different corneal regions using a Cochet‐Bonnet esthesiometer.Results Comparing CTT values (in mm filament length) of the five prescribed corneal regions revealed regional variations in corneal sensitivity, with the central region (21.15 ± 6.23 mm) being the most sensitive, followed by the nasal (20.75 ± 5.14 mm), temporal (20.70 ± 5.37 mm), ventral (20.15 ± 5.88 mm) and dorsal (15.85 ± 3.70 mm) region. However, differences between the central, nasal, temporal and ventral regions were not statistically significant, whereas the dorsal region was significantly (P < 0.0001) less sensitive compared to the other regions. Division of the horses into three age groups revealed an insignificant decrease in corneal sensitivity with age in the nasal, temporal, ventral and central region, and an insignificant increase with age in the dorsal region. Correlation of corneal sensitivity with age was statistically significant in the central, ventral and temporal region. No statistically significant difference in the CTT was found between left and right eyes and between males and females.Conclusions CTT values in 100 eyes of 50 healthy adult horses evaluated with a Cochet‐Bonnet esthesiometer generated reference values. Reference values are necessary to determine alterations of corneal sensation accompanying various eye diseases or systemic diseases.
IgA and secretory component (SC) in the third eyelid of domestic animals: a comparative study
Authors: Schlegel T. , Brehm H. , Amselgruber W. M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractObjectiveThe third eyelid of domestic animals is important for the production and distribution of tears, in removing ocular debris and in protection of the globe, and has significant immunologic functions. Although it is known that tears contain antibodies of the immunoglobulin A (IgA) isotype which are produced mainly by plasma cells of the lacrimal gland, very little is known about the antibody repertoires in the third eyelid of domestic animals. To assess whether IgA is derived from local synthesis, we analyzed the location of IgA‐producing cells and the cellular distribution of secretory component (SC) in the third eyelid of domestic animals in a comparative study.Animal studiedA total of 83 third eyelids of dogs, cats, pigs, cows, sheep, goats and horses were investigated in the course of this study.ProceduresThird eyelids were obtained immediately after death, cut length‐wise, fixed overnight and processed for immunohistochemical detection of IgA and SC by the ABC technique.ResultsThe results show that IgA‐producing plasma cells are densely populated in subepithelial spaces of the surface epithelium as well as in the nictitating gland in a species‐specific manner. In contrast, the SC could be demonstrated exclusively in glandular acinar and ductal epithelial cells and in different cell types of the surface epithelium, preferentially located on the bulbar side of the nictitating membrane.ConclusionIt is suggested that most of the SC is locally produced by resident plasma cells and subsequently transferred through the surface epithelium and glandular duct cells by transcytosis. This indicates that the third eyelid is an important member of the secretory immune system in domestic animals.
Staphyloma in a cat
Authors: Skorobohach Brian J. , Hendrix Diane V. H. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA unilateral scleral staphyloma in an 18‐month‐old, female spayed Domestic Short‐haired cat was treated with excision, primary closure and fascial graft. Other ocular abnormalities noted on examination included iris coloboma, anterior cortical cataract, focal lens equator flattening and retinal dysplasia. The staphyloma was presumed to be congenital in origin.
Keratitis due toHistoplasmaspp. in a horse
Authors: Richter Marianne , Hauser Beat , Kaps Simone , Spiess Bernhard M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractA 5‐year‐old Holsteiner gelding from Germany was presented 2 months after a whitish discoloration of the left cornea was observed. Cytologic examination revealed intra‐ and extracellular globular structures, up to 4 µm in size, consisting of a central spherical deeply basophilic body surrounded by an unstained halo. The structures were morphologically consistent withHistoplasmaspp. Infection withHistoplasmaorganisms is not endemic in Europe. Topical use of fluconazole was successful in eliminatingHistoplasmaorganisms within 10 days of initiation of treatment.
Variations in percentage of body fat within different BMI groups in young, middle‐aged and old women
Authors: Movsesyan Lusine , Tankó László B. , Larsen Philip J. , Christiansen Claus , Svendsen Ole L. 
Published: May 2003

SummaryObjectives: The objective of the present study was to characterize age‐dependent variations in percentage of body fat within different body mass index (BMI) classes in healthy Danish women.Design: Cross‐sectional analysis.Settings: The study was done at the Center for Clinical and Basic Research, Ballerup, Denmark.Subjects: Four hundred and four healthy women aged 18–75 years were included in the present study.Measurements: Fat tissue mass was estimated using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Menopausal status and physical characteristics were also registered.Results: Mean values of percentage of body fat calculated in the normal and overweight BMI groups were higher in middle‐aged and old women compared with young women. No significant differences were seen in the underweight and obese BMI groups. The cut‐off levels between normal and overweight and between overweight and obesity were 35–43% and 40–50%, respectively.Conclusion: The percentage of body fat is dependent on both age and menopausal status within each of the following BMI classes: from 20 to 25 and from 25 to 30, further emphasizing that BMI has limitations when used generally as an indicator of body fatness, and argues for defining BMI cut‐off values age‐specifically.
Relation between the elastic properties and intima‐media thickness of the common carotid artery
Authors: Jogestrand T. , Eiken O. , Nowak J. 
Published: May 2003

SummaryThe purpose of the study was to describe the relation between wall elasticity and intima‐media thickness in the human carotid artery prior to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Fifty‐eight apparently healthy men, aged 42–65 years (mean 55 years), without symptoms of cardiovascular disease were studied. Thickness and elastic properties of the common carotid artery wall were assessed using ultrasonography and non‐invasive arterial pressure measurements. The relation between the calculated intima‐media area and the pressure strain elastic modulus was positive and statistically significant on the right but not on the left side. No statistically significant relations were found between the calculated intima‐media area and the stiffness or between the intima‐media thickness and the elastic modulus or stiffness on either side. Thus, the relations between the common carotid artery intima‐media thickness/calculated intima‐media area and the common carotid artery elastic modulus/stiffness are weak. In regions without atherosclerotic plaques, the elastic properties of the human carotid artery wall do not seem to be influenced by the wall thickness in an important way.
Alveolar collapse and closure of airways: regular effects of anaesthesia
Authors: Hedenstierna Göran 
Published: May 2003

SummaryOxygenation is impaired in almost all subjects during anaesthesia, and hypoxaemia for shorter or longer periods is a common finding. Moreover, postoperative lung complications occur in 3–4% after elective surgery, and up to 20% in emergency operations. Rapid collapse of alveoli on induction of anaesthesia and more widespread closure of airways seem to explain the oxygenation impairment and may also contribute to postoperative pulmonary infection, Causative mechanisms to atelectasis and airway closure seem to be loss of respiratory muscle tone and gas resorption. Avoiding high inspired oxygen fractions during both induction and maintenance of anaesthesia prevents or reduces atelectasis, while intermittent ‘vital capacity’ manoeuvres, recruit atelectatic lung regions.
Nasal neutrophil activity and mucinous secretory responsiveness in COPD
Authors: Nihlén Ulf , Andersson Morgan , Löfdahl Claes‐Göran , Persson Carl G. A. , Montnémery Peter , Greiff Lennart 
Published: May 2003

SummaryPatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently report nasal symptoms. In the present study, we have examined whether or not COPD is associated with any nasal inflammation. Plasma exudation evoked by histamine challenges has been employed to improve the recovery of inflammatory indices in nasal lavage fluids. In 23 COPD‐patients and 26 healthy subjects, all without history or signs of allergic rhinitis, nasal polyposis, or chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal saline‐lavages were performed with and without histamine. α2‐Macroglobulin, fucose, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined as indices of plasma exudation, mucinous secretion, eosinophil activity and neutrophil activity, respectively. The difference in MPO‐levels between the histamine and the saline lavage was greater in COPD patients compared with healthy subjects (P<0·05). Also, COPD patients reporting nasal symptoms presented an increase in MPO at histamine challenge (P<0·05, cf. saline) and greater differences in MPO and fucose, respectively, between the histamine and the saline lavage (P<0·05, cf. patients without symptoms). We conclude that COPD is not associated with any marked nasal inflammation. However, our observation on increased MPO‐levels at histamine challenge suggests some degree of increased neutrophil activity in this condition. Furthermore, when associated with nasal symptoms, COPD may be associated with an increased nasal secretory responsiveness.