bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal care behavior and physiology moderate offspring outcomes following gestational exposure to opioids
Authors: Myers Abigail M. , Bowen Scott E. , Brummelte Susanne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe opioid epidemic has resulted in a drastic increase in gestational exposure to opioids. Opioid‐dependent pregnant women are typically prescribed medications for opioid use disorders (“MOUD”; e.g., buprenorphine [BUP]) to mitigate the harmful effects of abused opioids. However, the consequences of exposure to synthetic opioids, particularly BUP, during gestation on fetal neurodevelopment and long‐term outcomes are poorly understood. Further, despite the known adverse effects of opioids on maternal care, many preclinical and clinical studies investigating the effects of gestational opioid exposure on offspring outcomes fail to report on maternal care behaviors. Considering that offspring outcomes are heavily dependent upon the quality of maternal care, it is important to evaluate the effects of gestational opioid exposure in the context of the mother−infant dyad. This review compares offspring outcomes after prenatal opioid exposure and after reduced maternal care and integrates this information to potentially identify common underlying mechanisms. We explore whether adverse outcomes after gestational BUP exposure are due to direct effects of opioids in utero, deficits in maternal care, or a combination of both factors. Finally, suggestions for improving preclinical models of prenatal opioid exposure are provided to promote more translational studies that can help to improve clinical outcomes for opioid‐dependent mothers.
Temperature during pupal development affects hoverfly developmental time, adult life span, and wing length
Authors: Daňková Klára , Nicholas Sarah , Nordström Karin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) are cosmopolitan, generalist flower visitors and among the most important pollinators after bees and bumblebees. The droneflyEristalis tenaxcan be found in temperate and continental climates across the globe, often synanthropically.Eristalis tenaxpupae of different generations and different climate zones are thus exposed to vastly different temperatures. In many insects, the ambient temperature during the pupal stage affects development, adult size, and survival; however, the effect of developmental temperature on these traits in hoverflies is comparatively poorly understood. We here rearedE.tenaxpupae at different temperatures, from 10°C to 25°C, and quantified the effect on adult hoverflies. We found that pupal rearing at 17°C appeared to be optimal, with high eclosion rates, longer wings, and increased adult longevity. Rearing temperatures above or below this optimum led to decreased eclosion rates, wing size, and adult survival. Similar thermal dependence has been observed in other insects. We found that rearing temperature had no significant effect on locomotor activity, coloration or weight, despite evidence of strong sexual dimorphism for each of these traits. Our findings are important as hoverflies are key pollinators, and understanding the effects of developmental temperature could potentially be useful for horticulture.
Pine marten predation of common goldeneye nests: Effects of cavity age and habitat override any effect of microtine rodent abundance
Authors: Sonerud Geir A. , Grønlien Helge E. , Steen Ronny 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAccording to the alternative prey hypothesis (APH), the temporal synchrony in population fluctuations of microtine rodents and other small herbivores in boreal areas is caused by generalist predators with numerical and functional response to microtines, leading to an increased predation of prey alternative to microtines in the low phase of the microtine population fluctuations. The tree‐climbing pine marten (Martes martes) is a food generalist that includes bird eggs among its alternative prey, also eggs of the cavity‐nesting common goldeneye (Bucephala clangula). We used long‐term data to test whether pine marten predation of goldeneye eggs in nest boxes varied as predicted by the APH. As a measure of microtine abundance at the time of nesting, we applied two measures. First, for goldeneye nests located <40 km from our microtine trapping site, we applied the trapping index of microtine rodents. Second, to also use data from nests located >40 km from our microtine trapping site, and from nests in years when trapping was not conducted, we used two proxies for the microtine abundance: whether boreal owls (Aegolius funereus) nested in any of our boxes <40 km from each goldeneye nest and the average clutch size of these boreal owls. The probability of predation of a goldeneye nest was independent of the microtine trapping index and independent of the proxies for microtine abundance. However, it increased with cavity age, taken as the number of nesting seasons elapsed since the actual nest box was installed, and declined with distance from habitat with forest canopy. The effect of cavity age confirms that the long‐term spatial memory of pine marten is an important factor in the pattern of its predation on nests in tree cavities.
Individual consistency in the localised foraging behaviour of shy albatross (Thalassarche cauta)
Authors: Mason Claire , Hobday Alistair J. , Lea Mary‐Anne , Alderman Rachael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractQuantifying the intra‐ and interindividual variation that exists within a population can provide meaningful insights into a population's vulnerability and response to rapid environmental change. We characterise the foraging behaviour of 308 trips taken by 96 shy albatross (Thalassarche cauta) from Albatross Island across seven consecutive years. At a population level, incubating shy albatross exploited a consistent area within ca. 500 km radius of their breeding colony. During half of the trips, individuals utilised the closest shelf break to the west of the colony, where upwelling events have been reported. The other half of the trips were exclusively within the neritic zone, utilising a variety of locations within the Bass Strait. Furthermore, we found evidence of individual consistency to geographic locations, with subsequent trips by an individual more similar than random trips from all individuals in our data, both within and between years (G‐test, p < .05). Between‐individual variation in foraging behaviour was not meaningfully explained by age (linear regression, p > .05) or sex (t‐test, p > .05) for any metric, suggesting that other intrinsic individual factors are accounting for between‐individual variation in foraging trips. A localised foraging distribution is unusual for albatross, which, combined with high variation in space use between individuals demonstrated here, suggests that this species is accessing adequate resources near the colony. Overall, these findings suggest that incubating shy albatross from Albatross Island exhibit tendencies of a generalist population comprised of uniquely specialised individuals. These results suggest that this species is operating below its biological capacity in this fast‐warming area and provide a baseline from which to assess future change.
Electrochemical Selenylation of Alkynyl Aryl Ketones: Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Selenylated Chromones under Catalyst‐ and Chemical‐Oxidant‐Free Conditions
Authors: Cen Kaili , Wei Jiahao , Liu Yuan , Tan Zhixuan , Wang Xinye , Wang Dahan , He Wei‐Min , Cai Jinhui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn electrochemical synthesis of various 3‐selenylated chromones via selenylation of alkynyl aryl ketones without the employment of catalyst and chemical‐oxidant is described here. This method features mild conditions, high efficiency, and wide substrate scope. Furthermore, the scale‐up reaction runs smoothly which indicates the practicability of this electrosynthesis strategy.
EEG microstates in early‐to‐middle childhood show associations with age, biological sex, and alpha power
Authors: Hill Aron T. , Bailey Neil W. , Zomorrodi Reza , Hadas Itay , Kirkovski Melissa , Das Sushmit , Lum Jarrad A. G. , Enticott Peter G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElectroencephalographic (EEG) microstates can provide a unique window into the temporal dynamics of large‐scale brain networks across brief (millisecond) timescales. Here, we analysed fundamental temporal features of microstates extracted from the broadband EEG signal in a large (N = 139) cohort of children spanning early‐to‐middle childhood (4–12 years of age). Linear regression models were used to examine if participants' age and biological sex could predict the temporal parameters GEV, duration, coverage, and occurrence, for five microstate classes (A–E) across both eyes‐closed and eyes‐open resting‐state recordings. We further explored associations between these microstate parameters and posterior alpha power after removal of the 1/f‐like aperiodic signal. The microstates obtained from our neurodevelopmental EEG recordings broadly replicated the four canonical microstate classes (A to D) frequently reported in adults, with the addition of the more recently established microstate class E. Biological sex served as a significant predictor in the regression models for four of the five microstate classes (A, C, D, and E). In addition, duration and occurrence for microstate E were both found to be positively associated with age for the eyes‐open recordings, while the temporal parameters of microstates C and E both exhibited associations with alpha band spectral power. Together, these findings highlight the influence of age and sex on large‐scale functional brain networks during early‐to‐middle childhood, extending understanding of neural dynamics across this important period for brain development.
Comparative Study of Experimentally Induced Benign and Atypical Hyperplasia in the Ventral Prostate of Different Sat Strains
Authors: SCOLNIK MARISA D. , SERVADIO CIRO , ABRAMOVICI ARMAND 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: The induction of prostatic lesions in the rat by hormonal manipulation and/or chemical carcinogens in different strains is well documented in literature. However, the selection of a strain for such studies was merely based on the laboratory husbandry facilities rather than on the animal genotype. It is well accepted that the morphology and function of the prostate exhibit a marked species‐specific difference that makes extrapolation to other animals and man difficult.Our group has developed an experimental model for the study of rat prostatic hyperplasia and/or dysplasia induced by citral—a flavor constituent. Previous observations have revealed that the Wistar rat ventral prostate is reactive to citral, especially during its adolescent growth period as well as during the redifferentiation stage among postcastrated rats treated with exogenous testosterone. The present study presents data on the ventral prostate susceptibility of three additional strains selected by their interrelated endocrine morbidity. In order to facilitate an objective comparative analysis of the prostatic lesions a histopathological score chart was elaborated. The present findings showed that the Wistar and Sprague‐Dawley strains were the most susceptible to developing benign and atypical prostatic hyperplasia both in intact and postcastrated rats. The F344 and ACI/Ztm rat strains remained refractory toward all of these treatments. Our data provide evidence that the strain genotype and, more precisely, their endocrine background, play a determinative role in the prostatic responsiveness towards citral. It is suggested that additional consideration be given to the selection of an adequate animal strain when studying experimental neoplastic transformation, especially when hormonal interactions might be involved.
Periprosthetic joint infection and immunity: Current understanding of host–microbe interplay
Authors: Piuzzi Nicolas S. , Klika Alison K. , Lu Qiuhe , Higuera‐Rueda Carlos A. , Stappenbeck Thaddeus , Visperas Anabelle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPeriprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a major complication of total joint arthroplasty. Even with current treatments, failure rates are unacceptably high with a 5‐year mortality rate of 26%. Majority of the literature in the field has focused on development of better biomarkers for diagnostics and treatment strategies including innovate antibiotic delivery systems, antibiofilm agents, and bacteriophages. Nevertheless, the role of the immune system, our first line of defense during PJI, is not well understood. Evidence of infection in PJI patients is found within circulation, synovial fluid, and tissue and include numerous cytokines, metabolites, antimicrobial peptides, and soluble receptors that are part of the PJI diagnosis workup. Macrophages, neutrophils, and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are initially recruited into the joint by chemokines and cytokines produced by immune cells and bacteria and are activated by pathogen‐associated molecular patterns. While these cells are efficient killers of planktonic bacteria by phagocytosis, opsonization, degranulation, and recruitment of adaptive immune cells, biofilm‐associated bacteria are troublesome. Biofilm is not only a physical barrier for the immune system but also elicits effector functions. Additionally, bacteria have developed mechanisms to evade the immune system by inactivating effector molecules, promoting killing or anti‐inflammatory effector cell phenotypes, and intracellular persistence and dissemination. Understanding these shortcomings and the mechanisms by which bacteria can subvert the immune system may open new approaches to better prepare our own immune system to combat PJI. Furthermore, preoperative immune system assessment and screening for dysregulation may aid in developing preventative interventions to decrease PJI incidence.
Possibility of spatial estimation of soil erosion using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model and generalized additive model in post‐hard coal mining spoil heap
Authors: Singh Pranav Dev , Klamerus‐Iwan Anna , Hawryło Paweł , Sierka Edyta , Pietrzykowski Marcin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRevegetation and plant cover establishment on coal mining heap areas are effective methods for reducing runoff and soil erosion. They are essential components for reestablishing ecosystems in ecologically vulnerable areas. Our study area covered the Upper Silesia coal region. The research focused on active and passive reclamation plots of the study area with different land covers, that is, woodland, grassland, forbland, and control plots. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial allotment of soil erosion in various reclamation techniques and land covers of a mining area using a combination of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model, geographic information systems, and regression modeling with generalized additive models. We demonstrated that the combination of different data analysis methods can be used to accurately predict soil degradation, even if not all factors used in the RUSLE model are wall‐to‐wall available. However, only sheet and rill erosions can be predicted using this model. The results demonstrated the spread of soil erosion over the post‐coal mining heaps, varying from 0.03 Mg/ha/year to 583.47 Mg/ha/year. The highest soil erosion rate was observed at the control site (bare rock without vegetation). Approximately 62.6% of the region remained in the safe zone, whereas approximately 1.4% of the area was classified as a very severe zone for erosion.
Impacts of consumer regrets on product demos and pricing strategy in new product release
Authors: Zhang Guoquan , Lv Qi , Shang Jennifer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhen customers lack information about a new product, they may experience regret after making their purchase decisions. Thanks to anticipated regret, consumers are motivated to learn more through demonstration (Demo). To understand the impact of consumers' anticipated regret, we propose an analytical model to identify a firm's best pricing and demo strategies. If the current product price is exogenous, Repeat Regret (RR) is positively related to the new product price and demo degree, while Switch Regret (SR) exhibits a negative relationship. In addition, the effects of RR and SR on demo are non‐monotonic when the current product is endogenously priced.
„Sleep tight, wake up bright“
Authors: Hödlmoser Kerstin , Bothe Kathrin 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungSchlafprobleme und eine unzureichende Schlafdauer sind bereits im Kindesalter weit verbreitet und können sich negativ auf die psychische Gesundheit oder die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit auswirken. Die in diesem Beitrag präsentierte Befundlage weist darauf hin, dass gesunder, ausreichender und qualitativ hochwertiger Schlaf im Kindesalter sowohl während der Nacht als auch während des Tages für die optimale Entwicklung und Gedächtnisbildung notwendig ist. Während des Schlafs kommt es zur Bildung und zur Umstrukturierung neuronaler Netzwerke. Hinsichtlich der Schlafphysiologie zeigt sich, dass eine präzise Kopplung zwischen sog. langsamen Oszillationen (< 1 Hz) und Schlafspindeln (11–16 Hz) während des „non-rapid-eye-movement“(NREM)-Schlafs sowohl für die deklarative als auch für die prozedurale Gedächtnisbildung förderlich ist. Neue Informationen werden dadurch aus subkortikalen Gedächtnisstrukturen in kortikale Netzwerke integriert und dort langfristig abgespeichert. Schlafprobleme, Schlafmangel und Tagesmüdigkeit können die Gedächtnisbildung bereits in den frühen Entwicklungsjahren beeinträchtigen. Auf eine gesunde Schlafhygiene sollte deshalb schon ab dem Säuglingsalter geachtet werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt deshalb praktische Empfehlungen für die Implementierung von Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Schlafqualität in verschiedenen Entwicklungsstufen.
Relationship between nailfold capillaroscopy parameters and the severity of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Okabe Tatsu , Kunikata Hiroshi , Yasuda Masayuki , Kodama Shinjiro , Maeda Yuta , Nakano Joe , Takeno Dan , Fuse Nobuo , Nakazawa Toru 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To determine whether non-invasive measurements of the nailfold capillaries (NCs) are associated with the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
Eighty-three eyes of 83 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Sixty-three age-matched non-diabetic subjects served as controls. Diabetic patients were classified by the severity of their DR: non-DR (NDR), non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). We used nailfold capillaroscopy to measure NC parameters, including number, length, width, and turbidity.

Results
Four NC parameters in the diabetic patients were significantly lower than in the controls (all P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant decrease in the NC parameters along with the increasing severity of DR (number: P = 0.02; all others: P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that combining the systemic characteristics of age, sex, systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hemoglobin A1c level, and history of hypertension and dyslipidemia could indicate the presence of DR and PDR (the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.81, P = 0.006; AUC = 0.87, P = 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, the discriminative power of DR was significantly improved (P = 0.03) by adding NC length to the systemic findings (AUC = 0.89, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
NC measurement is a simple and non-invasive way to assess the risk of DR and its severity.
Topical administration of S. salivarius 24SMB-S. oralis 89a in children with adenoidal disease: a double-blind controlled trial
Authors: Folino Francesco , Di Pasquale Daniele , Marchisio Paola , Pignataro Lorenzo , Capaccio Pasquale , Gaini Lorenzo , Battilocchi Ludovica , Bosis Samantha , Torretta Sara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChronic adenoiditis (CA) is generally sustained by some infectious foci mainly located within the nasopharynx or in the deep adenoidal pads and it is characterized by a complex interplay between bacterial species. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of the topical nasal administration of a probiotic compound based on S. salivarius 24SMB and S. oralis 89a in children with CA in terms of reduction in: the number of acute adenoidal infections (primary outcome), and in the blockage of the nasopharynx space by hypertrophic adenoids (secondary outcome). A prospective, double-blind, 1:1 randomized controlled study was performed to test the effectiveness of a 90-day treatment with Rinogermina spray (DMD ITALIA s.r.l, Rome), 1 puff each nostril twice a day for 90 days, to nasal spray placebo in children with CA (in terms of number of acute exacerbations and blockage of nasopharynx space assessed after 90 days of treatment- T1, and 90 days later- T2). The final analysis was based on 152 children (males = 48.0%; mean age = 49.2 ± 14.1 months). Compared to the baseline, no significant differences in terms of number of acute exacerbations at T1 and T2 follow-up visits were detected in both groups. After treatment, a significant reduction in the blockage of nasopharynx space by hypertrophic adenoids (0.002 < p-value < 0.007) compared to the baseline was attested in the study group at T1 and T2, but not in the control group.Conclusions: Our findings document a positive effect of Rinogermina spray in achieving reduction in the blockage of nasopharynx space by hypertrophic adenoids, thus suggesting that its use into the integrated therapeutic management of children with CA could be of a certain utility.

What is Known:• Chronic adenoiditis in children results from an imablance in baterial homeostasis at the nasophaynx, with impairment in respiratory microbiota.• The modulatory effect of target transnasal bacteriotheray by means of S. salivarius has been considered in children with chronic adenoiditis in children with recurrent acute otitis media with preliminary positive results.

What is New:• This randomized controlled study, specifically designed on a cohrt of children with chronic adenoiditis, documents a certain effectiveness of the probiotic treatment in achieving a reduction in the grade of adenoidal hypertropy, compared to placebo.
Effects of metformin on parasitological, pathological changes in the brain and liver and immunological aspects during visceral toxocariasis in mice
Authors: Salama Amina M. , Elmahy Rasha A. , Ibrahim Hoda A. , Amer Alaa Ibrahim Mohamed , Eltantawy Asmaa Fawzy , Elgendy Dina I. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere are currently insufficient anthelmintic medications available for the treatment of toxocariasis. For instance, Albendazole (ABZ) is the preferred medication, but its effectiveness against tissue-dwelling parasites is limited. In addition, Metformin (MTF) is a widely used oral antidiabetic medication that is considered to be safe for treatment. This study aimed to investigate any potential effects of MTF, alone or in combination with ABZ, on mice infections caused by Toxocara canis (T. canis). The efficacy of the treatment was assessed in the acute and chronic phases of the infection by larval recovery and histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical studies. The results showed that combined therapy significantly reduced larval counts in the liver, brain, and muscles and ameliorated hepatic and brain pathology. It reduced oxidative stress and TGF-β mRNA expression and increased FGF21 levels in the liver. It decreased TNF-α levels and MMP-9 expression in the brain. In addition, it increased serum levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ and decreased serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10. In the acute and chronic phases of the infection, the combined treatment was more effective than ABZ alone. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential role of MTF as an adjuvant in the treatment of experimental T. canis infection when administered with ABZ.