bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents and adults in the Middle East and North Africa region: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Al-Wardat Mohammad , Etoom Mohammad , Almhdawi Khader A , Hawamdeh Ziad , Khader Yousef 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesTo systematically estimate the overall prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents and adults across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement.Data sourcesMedline and Scopus databases were comprehensively and systematically searched between 1990 and February 2023.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included all cross-sectional or cohort studies that diagnosed ADHD using validated diagnostic tools (eg, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria, ADHD rating scales and ADHD diagnostic interview) or non-validated tools (eg, brain imaging techniques, computerised cognitive tests and quantitative electroencephalography).Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers performed the data extraction independently using standardised data collection sheet. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Individualised and pooled event rate and upper and lower limit at 95% CI were calculated according to the ADHD cases and the total sample size using a random-effect model. The subgroup prevalence analyses according to ADHD subtypes, gender, MENA country and age were also performed.ResultsA total of 63 articles met the inclusion criteria involving 849 902 participants. The overall prevalence of ADHD was 10.3% (95% CI 0.081 to 0.129). The prevalence rate ranged from 1.3% (Yemen) to 22.2% (Iran). Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence in adults was 13.5 and 10.1 in children and adolescents. Males exhibited significantly higher prevalence compared with females as these were 11.1% and 7%, respectively. Attention-deficit subtype was significantly the most prevalent (46.7%) compared with hyperactivity/impulsivity (33.7%) and combined types (20.6%).ConclusionThe overall prevalence of ADHD was high in the MENA region. It is crucial to allocate more attention and resources towards the prevention and treatment of ADHD in children, adolescents and adults within the region.
Treatment-emergent antidrug antibodies related to PD-1, PD-L1, or CTLA-4 inhibitors across tumor types: a systematic review
Authors: Galle Peter , Finn Richard S , Mitchell Catherine Ruth , Ndirangu Kerigo , Ramji Zahra , Redhead Gabrielle Sophie , Pinato David J 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundIncreased understanding of how the immune system regulates tumor growth has innovated the use of immunotherapeutics to treat various cancers. The impact of such therapies, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors, on the production of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) and their impact on outcomes, is poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the clinical trial evidence on ADA incidence associated with PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 inhibitors in the treatment of cancer and to assess associations between treatment administered, ADA incidence, and treatment outcomes.MethodsEmbase®, Medline®, and EBM Reviews were searched via the OVID®platform on February 15, 2022. Conference proceedings, clinical trial registries, and global regulatory and reimbursement body websites were also searched. Eligible publications included clinical trials enrolling patients receiving cancer treatment with either PD-1, PD-L1, or CTLA-4 reporting outcomes including incidence or prevalence of ADAs and the impact of immunogenicity on treatment safety and efficacy. Reference lists of eligible publications were also searched. The review was conducted and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and evidence quality assessment was conducted using the appropriate Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool.ResultsAfter screening 4160 records and reviewing 97 full publications, a total of 34 publications reporting on 68 trials were included. A further 41 relevant clinical trials were identified on ClinicalTrials.gov and a further 32 from searches of packaging inserts. In total, 141 relevant trials covering 15 different checkpoint inhibitors and 16 different tumor types were included. Across the included trials, atezolizumab was associated with the highest incidence of ADAs (29.6% of 639 patients), followed by nivolumab (11.2% of 2,085 patients). Combination checkpoint inhibitor treatment appeared to increase the rate of ADAs versus monotherapy. Only 17 trials reported on the impact of ADAs on treatment outcomes with mixed results for the impact of ADAs on treatment efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics.ConclusionsCheckpoint inhibitors for the treatment of cancer are immunogenic, with the incidence of treatment-emergent ADAs varying between individual therapies. It remains unclear what impact ADAs have on treatment outcomes.
Diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms by computed tomography angiography using deep learning-based detection and segmentation
Authors: You Wei , Feng Junqiang , Lu Jing , Chen Ting , Liu Xinke , Wu Zhenzhou , Gong Guoyang , Sui Yutong , Wang Yanwen , Zhang Yifan , Ye Wanxing , Chen Xiheng , Lv Jian , Wei Dachao , Tang Yudi , Deng Dingwei , Gui Siming , Lin Jun , Chen Peike , Wang Ziyao , Gong Wentao , Wang Yang , Zhu Chengcheng , Zhang Yue , Saloner David A , Mitsouras Dimitrios , Guan Sheng , Li Youxiang , Jiang Yuhua , Wang Yan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundDetecting and segmenting intracranial aneurysms (IAs) from angiographic images is a laborious task.ObjectiveTo evaluates a novel deep-learning algorithm, named vessel attention (VA)-Unet, for the efficient detection and segmentation of IAs.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted using head CT angiography (CTA) examinations depicting IAs from two hospitals in China between 2010 and 2021. Training included cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and arterial stenosis, common accompanying vascular abnormalities. Testing was performed in cohorts with reference-standard digital subtraction angiography (cohort 1), with SAH (cohort 2), acquired outside the time interval of training data (cohort 3), and an external dataset (cohort 4). The algorithm’s performance was evaluated using sensitivity, recall, false positives per case (FPs/case), and Dice coefficient, with manual segmentation as the reference standard.ResultsThe study included 3190 CTA scans with 4124 IAs. Sensitivity, recall, and FPs/case for detection of IAs were, respectively, 98.58%, 96.17%, and 2.08 in cohort 1; 95.00%, 88.8%, and 3.62 in cohort 2; 96.00%, 93.77%, and 2.60 in cohort 3; and, 96.17%, 94.05%, and 3.60 in external cohort 4. The segmentation accuracy, as measured by the Dice coefficient, was 0.78, 0.71, 0.71, and 0.66 for cohorts 1–4, respectively. VA-Unet detection recall and FPs/case and segmentation accuracy were affected by several clinical factors, including aneurysm size, bifurcation aneurysms, and the presence of arterial stenosis and SAH.ConclusionsVA-Unet accurately detected and segmented IAs in head CTA comparably to expert interpretation. The proposed algorithm has significant potential to assist radiologists in efficiently detecting and segmenting IAs from CTA images.
Repeat thrombectomy after large vessel re-occlusion: a propensity score matched analysis of technical and clinical outcomes
Authors: Zohdy Youssef M , Saad Hassan , Howard Brian M , Cawley C Michael , Pabaney Aqueel , Akbik Feras , Dimisko Laurie , Maier Ilko , Spiotta Alejandro M , Jabbour Pascal , Wolfe Stacey Q , Rai Ansaar , Kim Joon-tae , Mascitelli Justin , Starke Robert M , Shaban Amir , Yoshimura Shinichi , De Leacy Reade , Kan Peter , Fragata Isabel , Polifka Adam J , Arthur Adam S , Park Min S , Matouk Charles , Levitt Michael R , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I , Liman Jan , Waiters Vanesha , Pradilla Gustavo , Fargen Kyle M , Alawieh Ali , Grossberg Jonathan A 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundEndovascular thrombectomy (EVT) remains the standard of care for acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke. However, the safety and efficacy of repeat thrombectomy (rEVT) in recurrent LVO remains unclear. This study uses a large real-world patient cohort to study technical and clinical outcomes after rEVT.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study including patients who underwent thrombectomy between January 2013 and December 2022. Data were included from 21 comprehensive stroke centers globally through the Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR). Patients undergoing single EVT or rEVT within 30 days of LVO stroke were included in the study. Propensity score matching was used to compare patients undergoing single EVT versus rEVT.ResultsOut of a total of 7387 patients who underwent thrombectomy for LVO stroke, 90 (1.2%) patients underwent rEVT for the same vascular territory within 30 days. The median (IQR) time to re-occlusion was 2 (1–7) days. Compared with a matched cohort of patients undergoing a single EVT procedure, patients undergoing rEVT had a comparable rate of good functional outcome and mortality rate, but a higher rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). There was a significant reduction in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of patients who underwent rEVT at discharge compared with baseline (−4.8±11.4; P=0.006). The rate of successful recanalization was similar in the single thrombectomy and rEVT groups (78% vs 80%, P=0.171) and between index and rEVT performed on the same patient (79% vs 80%; P=0.593).ConclusionShort-interval rEVT is associated with an improvement in the NIHSS score following large vessel re-occlusion. Compared with single thrombectomy, there was a higher rate of sICH with rEVT, but without a significant impact on rates of functional independence or mortality.
Phase II DORA Study of Olaparib with or without Durvalumab as a Chemotherapy-Free Maintenance Strategy in Platinum-Pretreated Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Tan Tira J. , Sammons Sarah , Im Young-Hyuck , She Lilin , Mundy Kelly , Bigelow Robert , Traina Tiffany A. , Anders Carey , Yeong Joe , Renzulli Ezequiel , Kim Sung-Bae , Dent Rebecca 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
We explored the efficacy of PARP inhibition with or without programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) blockade as chemotherapy-free maintenance therapy for advanced triple-negative breast cancer (aTNBC) sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy.

Patients and Methods:
In the phase II non-comparative DORA trial (NCT03167619), patients with ongoing stable disease (SD) or complete/partial response (CR/PR) to first- or second-line platinum-based chemotherapy for TNBC (≤10% estrogen/progesterone receptor expression) were randomized 1:1 to receive olaparib 300 mg twice daily with or without durvalumab 1,500 mg on day 1 every 4 weeks. The primary objective was to compare progression-free survival (PFS) versus a historical control of continued platinum-based therapy.

Results:
45 patients were randomized (23 to olaparib alone, 22 to the combination; 3 with estrogen/progesterone receptor expression 1%–10%). At 9.8 months’ median follow-up, median PFS from randomization was 4.0 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.6–6.1] months with olaparib and 6.1 (95% CI, 3.7–10.1) months with the combination, both significantly longer than the historical control (P = 0.0023 and P &lt; 0.0001, respectively). Clinical benefit rates (SD ≥24 weeks or CR/PR) were 44% (95% CI, 23%–66%) and 36% (95% CI, 17%–59%) in the monotherapy and combination arms, respectively. Sustained clinical benefit was seen irrespective of germline BRCA mutation or PD-L1 status, but tended to be associated with CR/PR to prior platinum, particularly in the olaparib-alone arm. No new safety signals were reported.

Conclusions:
PFS was longer than expected with both regimens. A patient subset with wild-type BRCA platinum-sensitive aTNBC had durable disease control with chemotherapy-free maintenance.
AIbZIP/CREB3L4 Promotes Cell Proliferation via the SKP2-p27 Axis in Luminal Androgen Receptor Subtype Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Ito Taichi , Saito Atsushi , Kamikawa Yasunao , Nakazawa Nayuta , Imaizumi Kazunori 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Breast cancer ranks first in incidence and fifth in cancer-related deaths among all types of cancer globally. Among breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has few known therapeutic targets and a poor prognosis. Therefore, new therapeutic targets and strategies against TNBC are required. We found that androgen-induced basic leucine zipper (AIbZIP), also known as cyclic AMP–responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 (CREB3L4), which is encoded by Creb3l4, is highly upregulated in a particular subtype of TNBC, luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype. We analyzed the function of AIbZIP through depletion of AIbZIP by siRNA knockdown in LAR subtype TNBC cell lines, MFM223 and MDAMB453. In AIbZIP-depleted cells, the proliferation ratios of cells were greatly suppressed. Moreover, G1–S transition was inhibited in AIbZIP-depleted cells. We comprehensively analyzed the expression levels of proteins that regulate G1–S transition and found that p27 was specifically upregulated in AIbZIP-depleted cells. Furthermore, we identified that this p27 downregulation was caused by protein degradation modulated by the ubiquitin–proteasome system via F-box protein S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) upregulation. Our findings demonstrate that AIbZIP is a novel p27–SKP2 pathway-regulating factor and a potential molecule that contributes to LAR subtype TNBC progression.

Implications:
This research shows a new mechanism for the proliferation of LAR subtype TNBC regulated by AIbZIP, that may provide novel insight into the LAR subtype TNBC progression and the molecular mechanisms involved in cell proliferation.
Exosomes From IgE-Stimulated Mast Cells Aggravate Asthma-Mediated Atherosclerosis Through circRNA CDR1as-Mediated Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Mice
Authors: Yang Hongqin , Chen Junye , Liu Siyang , Xue Yunfei , Li Zhiwei , Wang Tao , Jiao Liqun , An Qi , Liu Bao , Wang Jing , Zhao Hongmei 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
IgE has been known for mediating endothelial cell dysfunction and mast cell (MC) activation to fuel asthma-aggravated high-fat diet–induced atherosclerosis. However, it remains unclear for the mechanism of asthma-mediated atherosclerosis, especially the potential involvement of IgE in the exacerbation of asthma-mediated atherosclerosis with a standard laboratory diet, and the cross talk between endothelial cells and MCs.

METHODS:
Asthma-mediated atherosclerosis mice models under a standard laboratory diet and FcεR1 knock-out mice were used to determine the role of IgE-FcεR1 signaling in asthma-mediated atherosclerosis, which was assessed by Oil Red O staining and immunohistochemistry. Various in vitro assays including nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate exosome characteristics. Immunofluorescence and fluorescent in situ hybridization approaches were used to evaluate the effect and mechanism of MC-secreted exosomes encapsulated circular RNA CDR1as (cerebellar degeneration-related 1 antisense) on endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro. Finally, cohort studies examined the plasma CDR1as levels in patients with atherosclerosis with or without allergies.

RESULTS:
Asthma mice with a standard laboratory diet showed increased atherosclerotic lesions and inflammatory infiltration depending on IgE-FcεR1 signal. FcεR1 knockout mice and blockage of IgE-FcεR1 signaling with IgE monoclonal antibody, omalizumab, all significantly alleviated asthma-mediated atherosclerosis and vascular inflammatory remodeling. Anti-inflammation with dexamethasone and stabilization of MC with cromolyn partially alleviated atherosclerotic lesions and mitigated the inflammatory infiltration in arteries. Mechanistically, IgE stimulation upregulates MC CDR1as expression in exosomes and upregulates the endothelial cell adhesive factors VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) via the CDR1as-FUS (fused in sarcoma)-phos-p65 axis. Knockdown of CDR1as in vivo significantly decreased the endothelial adhesion function and mitigated asthma-mediated atherosclerosis. Furthermore, a cohort study indicated higher plasma CDR1as levels in patients with atherosclerosis with allergies than in patients with atherosclerosis and healthy controls.

CONCLUSIONS:
Exosomes from IgE-stimulated MCs aggravated atherosclerosis through circular RNA CDR1as-mediated endothelial dysfunction, providing a novel insight into asthma-mediated atherosclerosis and potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
Alone and Naked: Reading the Torture of Jesus alongside the Torture of Miriam Leitão
Authors: Tombs David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Recent biblical scholarship has called for more careful and detailed attention to the experiences of torture victims to better understand the crucifixion of Jesus (Menéndez- Antuña 2022). To this end, this article examines the torture of Miriam Leitão, one of Brazil’s most prominent journalists. Leitão’s torture in 1972 is attested in the report Brasil: Nunca Mais (1985), compiled by the Archdiocese of Sao Paulo, which records that she was left in a dark room with a boa constrictor. In 2014 Leitão disclosed in an interview that during her time with the snake she was naked. I argue Leitão’s account of being ‘alone and naked’ offers insights into the repeated stripping of Jesus in the praetorium in Matthew 27:26–31, and his forced nudity on the cross. Recognising crucifixion as torture helps towards understanding and naming the mocking of Jesus as sexual abuse.
Secularism under Dispute: Towards Agonistic, Pluralistic, and Democratic Politics. A Latin American Perspective
Authors: Panotto Nicolás 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article introduces some discussion on the limitations of the distinction between laicidad and secularization in Latin America (and to a lesser extent, the notion of religious freedom), mainly highlighting the problem of the colonial origin of these conceptions and their relationship with the liberal hegemonic political framework of the field. The paper’s thesis is that the boundaries for achieving a secular context in the region are not only connected to the lack of secular policies but to the application of limited concepts on the separation between church and state, and the impact of this emphasis on a reductionist vision of the religious diversity phenomenon and its link with the socio-political processes of the region. Our propose, finally, is to review these ideas in the light of the concept of radical democracy, and the contribution of this category in the broadening of the processes of institutionalization of religious identity configurations. We will take as an example of application the debates raised by the Pavez vs. Chile case in the Inter-American Court, resolved in the year 2021.
Theology from the Suburbs: The Challenge of Life for the City as a Whole
Authors: van Wyngaard Cobus G.J. , Louw Marius 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article seeks to interrogate critically and problematize the silence on the suburb in urban theology: in the process the article seeks to illustrate the importance of the suburb through examining it considering the soteriology underpinning apartheid spatial planning and its persistent quasi-soteriological envisioning of the good life in the ongoing spatial imagination of the South African city. While this proposal does not present a fully developed contextual or public theology in response to the complex place of the suburb in the city, it highlights the persistence of this silence and illustrates key theological questions that could underpin such a focus in the future.
A Problem in Gregory of Nazianzus, Epistle 4
Authors: Panegyres Konstantine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper reconsiders an alleged textual problem raised by the word ξουφηρία in one of Gregory of Nazianzus’s letters to Basil (Ep. 4). Contrary to what has been argued by a recent scholar, the text does not need emendation. The problem can be resolved by means of lexicographical analysis: ξουφηρία is merely a spelling variant of ζοφερία (“darkness”).
The Neotropical species of Atractodes Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Phygadeuontinae), III: the A. podocarpus species-group
Authors: Bordera Santiago , Mazón Marina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Atractodes is a cosmopolitan genus of Darwin wasps, belonging to the subfamily Phygadeuontinae. We started the revision of the Neotropical species in previous studies, with the stablishment of four species-groups. Here we address the fourth group, the A. podocarpus species-group, with the description of 24 new species: A. antennator sp. nov., A. areolator sp. nov., A. brevibasalis sp. nov., A. mesoamericanus sp. nov. and A. monteverdensis sp. nov. from Central America; A. cabecar sp. nov., A. puntarenae sp. nov., A. taciturnus sp. nov. and A. tapantiensis sp. nov. from Costa Rica; A. aureus sp. nov. from Colombia; A. cuscoensis sp. nov. and A. longitergum sp. nov. from Peru; A. ecuadorensis sp. nov., A. flavescens sp. nov., A. flagellator sp. nov., A. longigena sp. nov., A. napoensis sp. nov., A. paramoensis sp. nov., A. podocarpus sp. nov. and A. thyridiator sp. nov. from Ecuador; A. pubescens sp. nov. from Costa Rica and Ecuador; A. epomiae sp. nov. and A. longibasalis sp. nov. from Venezuela; and A. crassiflagellator sp. nov. from South America. Keys to the species-groups and the species of the A. podocarpus species-group, as well as distribution maps of all Neotropical species are provided. The record of A. altoandinus Bordera, Mazón & Sääksjärvi, 2016, described from “Chile, La Raya, 4300 m”, is revised and attributed to La Raya pass, Peru.
Norm Fixation
Authors: Karlsrud John , Duursma Allard 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
While the normative development of the UN’s focus on protection of civilians is well covered, there is little research on how more than two decades of translating the norm into practice has led to the development of an entire ecosystem of early warning tools across the UN system. Most of these tools have been created at the field level, and UN Member States have neither played a role in pushing for these tools nor in helping to develop them. This article makes two contributions. Empirically, the article maps the ecosystem of early warning tools for protection of civilians in UN peace operations. Second, drawing on practice theory, the article reflects on the origin of these tools and argues that bottom-up norm implementation practices in international organizations amount to norm fixations—collectively describing what a norm is and how it should be implemented in practice.
Paamiut (Frederikshåb) Greenlandic in 1836: a Small Glimpse
Authors: de la Fuente José Andrés Alonso 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The accounts of the La Recherche expedition (1st voyage, 1835–2nd voyage, 1836) include two Greenlandic wordlists that offer the opportunity to catch a glimpse (one admittedly small) of the local lect of Paamiut. The comparison with contemporary dialectological descriptions allows for interesting conclusions about the linguistic history of this region on the southwest coast of Greenland. Of the four diagnostic features traditionally ascribed to Paamiut Greenlandic, that is, (1) i-effect, (2) retention of the /s/ vs /ʂ/ opposition, (3) shortening of geminates in sequences of the type VVCCV(V), and (4) a kind of “vowel harmony” whereby /ua/ > /awa/ & /ui/ > /iwi/, the wordlists confirm fully (1) and partially (2). There is inconclusive evidence for (3) and no trace of (4) whatsoever.