bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Gender Gap in Meaningful Work
Authors: Burbano Vanessa C. , Folke Olle , Meier Stephan , Rickne Johanna 
Published: December 2023

An understanding of differences in nonmonetary work conditions is fundamental for a complete characterization of individuals’ well-being at work. Thus, to fully characterize gender inequalities in the labor market, scholars have begun to explore gender differences in nonmonetary work conditions. We examine one such condition—meaningful work—using nationally representative survey data linked with worker and employer administrative data. We document a large and expanding gender gap in meaningful work, wherein women experience their jobs as more meaningful than men do. We then explore patterns underlying this difference. We find little correlation between women’s higher experience of meaningful work and either labor market decisions related to first parenthood or women’s underrepresentation in leadership jobs. Instead, the gender gap appears to be highly correlated with the sorting of more women into occupations with a high level of beneficence: the sense of having a prosocial impact. Though both women and men experience such jobs as more meaningful, women do so by a larger margin. Next, we consider the relationship between the gender difference in meaningful work and the gender wage gap, contributing to the discussion on compensating differentials in work amenities. We find that, whereas the gender gap in meaningful work closes a substantial part of the wage gap in lower paid jobs, it does little to close the gap in higher paid jobs in which the gender wage gap is largest. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: J. Rickne received financial support from the Wallenberg Academy Fellow Grant, the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare 2019-01251. O. Folke received financial support from the Swedish Research Council 2018-00703_VR, The Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare 2019-01251. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01807 .
Transforming leaders to agents of change: evaluating a healthcare leadership training programme
Authors: Joseph Stephen 
Published: December 2023

Background/Aims The success of an organisation depends largely on the performance of teams, which rely on their leaders to have the required capabilities for team management. To successfully integrate care across multiple organisations and services, care partnerships must ensure that their middle-level managers have the training required to deliver change and achieve the partnership's goals. This study aimed to evaluate a leadership training programme involving managers in the middle levels of a health and social care service in the UK. Methods Questionnaires were distributed to the 23 managers who participated in the training before the programme began and after each training session. Participants scored their agreement with statements about the specific sessions on a 5-point Likert scale and had the option of giving qualitative written feedback. Results were discussed in subsequent sessions. Two focus groups were held with a total of 15 participants to explore their experiences of the training programme and any barriers to applying their training to practice. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, while transcripts from the focus groups were analysed using content analysis. Results All 23 participants agreed that the training was relevant to their role and that it was useful or highly useful for empowering them to apply their knowledge for change management in their roles. However, participants were less sure about the impact of the training on their understanding or communication skills, and several items lacked responses. Focus group participants reported that the training programme increased their confidence to implement change and apply their learning to practice. Barriers to implementing changes to practice included lack of support from senior leaders and a need for more topics and wider inclusion of stakeholders in the training programme. Conclusions Training can promote transformational leadership in health and social care, but this requires cohesive and intentional collaborative working among all stakeholders, including active involvement of senior leadership and the provision of an enabling environment for middle managers to put their learning into practice.
Which pandemic working practices should be kept? Perspectives from staff working in a breast cancer service
Authors: Crossley Sam , Hassanein Zeinab M , Lee Rachel XN , Murad Jabir , Isherwood Jennifer , Harwood Emma , Oni Georgette , Wilson Emma 
Published: December 2023

Background/Aims Breast cancer is the most common female cancer in the UK, with approximately 60 000 new cases diagnosed each year. The service changes implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic altered ways of working and influenced care delivery. The aim of this study was to explore how these changes affected staff members' care practices and experiences, and how this has influenced subsequent changes to breast cancer services. Methods Purposive, snowball and opportunistic sampling was used to recruit 18 clinical and administrative staff members at the Nottingham Breast Institute. Data were collected from participants using semi-structured qualitative interviews, held either over the telephone or via Microsoft Teams. The interview transcripts were analysed and coded using thematic analysis. Results Interview responses covered adaptations to services in response to COVID-19, attitudes towards working during the pandemic and future recommendations. Participants highlighted the rapid response to the pandemic and the crucial role of information technology to support remote working. They also emphasised the role of partnerships with private hospitals to maintain surgical capacity. Participants supported the idea of maintaining some of the changes going forwards, such as telephone clinics, the increased flexibility of work, and help from the private sector. Conclusions Changes made to breast cancer services during the pandemic helped to create a more sustainable workforce. Services need to continue to implement change and target issues to create a more resilient NHS that is better equipped to deal with future challenges.
Comparison of self-myofascial release and stretching exercises in individuals with piriformis syndrome: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ergezen Gizem , Sahin Mustafa 
Published: December 2023

Background/Aims Piriformis syndrome is a condition caused by compression of the sciatic nerve, causing pain, tingling and numbness. Although conservative treatment includes hip muscle strengthening and stretching, there is no proven treatment method in the literature. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of stretching and myofascial releasing methods added to traditional physiotherapy in piriformis syndrome. Methods This prospective, randomised controlled study was completed with 63 individuals between the ages of 20 and 40 years. Participants were randomised into three groups: piriformis muscle stretch group (n=22), self-myofascial release group (n=21) and control group (n=20). All participants were enrolled in a 4-week muscle strengthening home exercise programme. In addition, the two intervention groups performed stretching and self-myofascial relaxation exercises respectively. The primary outcome was pain intensity and the secondary outcome was the range of motion of the hip. Results After 4 weeks of exercises, the level of pain intensity felt in the hip decreased significantly and hip joint range of motion increased significantly in all three groups (P<0.05). In the intergroup analysis, self-myofascial release was found to be more effective in reducing the pain level (F3=3.595, P=0.034). The increase in hip adduction and extension joint range of motion was found to be higher in the control group (F3=4.931, P=0.011 and F3=6.432, P=0.003 respectively). Conclusions Stretching and myofascial releasing methods applied in addition to conventional exercises might improve pain intensity and range of motion as alternative methods for treating piriformis syndrome.
Menopausal hormone therapy increases the risk of gallstones: Health Insurance Database in South Korea (HISK)-based cohort study
Authors: Yuk Jin-Sung , Park Ji Young 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine whether menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) increases the risk of gallstones and gallbladder cancer.

Design
A retrospective cohort study.

Patients or other participants
Data from the Korea National Health Insurance Corporation was obtained between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2019.

Interventions
Participants were divided into MHT and non-MHT groups; the MHT group was analyzed in detail by dividing participants into tibolone, combined estrogen plus progestin by the manufacturer (CEPM) or physician (CEPP), oral estrogen alone, and topical estrogen subgroups.

Main outcome measures
The incidence of gallstones and gallbladder cancer was compared between the two groups.

Results
This study enrolled 1,004,034 and 381,711 patients in the non-MHT and the MHT groups, respectively. The incidence of gallstones was 2.6% in the non-MHT group and 3.4%, 2.6%, 3.4%, 3.2%, and 4.4% in the tibolone, CEPM, oral estrogen alone, CEPP, and topical estrogen groups, respectively. Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that all hormones increased the risk of gallstones ([tibolone] hazard ratio [HR]: 1.347, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.309–1.387, [CEPM] HR: 1.146, 95% CI: 1.1–1.19, [oral estrogen alone] HR: 1.241, 95% CI: 1.18–1.305, [CEPP] HR: 1.164, 95% CI: 1.01–1.341, [topical estrogen] HR: 1.602, 95% CI: 1.295–1.983). However, the risk of gallbladder cancer did not change with any hormone therapy.

Conclusions
All types of MHT including tibolone, increased the risk of gallstones. This risk was the highest with topical estrogen, which may be a result of selection bias due to concerns regarding the adverse effects of CEE and MPA.
Formation and Development of the Barnaul Spiritual Government (BSG) Parish System in the Second Half of 18th — Early 19th Centuries
Authors: Сарафанов Дмитрий Евгеньевич 
Published: December 2023

This article examines the issues of the parish’s system formation of the Barnaul Spiritual Government (BSG) in the second half of the 18th — early 19th centuries. The work is aimed at restoring the list of settlements (constituent parts of the BSG parishes), as well as at constructing parish boundaries using a GIS model and also analyzing the dynamics of the number and composition of settlements (constituent parts of parishes). It is concluded that there were several types of parishes in the BSG (formed in 1750): at factories (7), at mines (1), rural (13), at military fortifications (3), urban (6). Parishes at military fortifications appear among the very first, some of them were formed before the formation of the BSG. Factory parishes and communities at the mines were formed by the end of the 1760s. The chronology of the rural parish’s formation is the widest — starting from the first half of the 18 century and up to the 1780s. The process of the parish’s emergence was largely due to the policy of developing the metallurgical industry in the region, as well as active colonization.
According to the data for 1755, there were 242 settlements in the BSG, for 1780 — 385, for 1800 — 619, for 1820 — 780, for 1829 — 545. The number of parishes was also not stable — the network was finally formed by 1787 in the number of 23 communities. Only in 1829 their composition was reduced to 16. At the initial stage of the BSG work, there were also parishes within the boundaries of only one locality. The record holders for the maximum number of objects were communities with centers in the villages of Chingis (99) and Beloyarsk (98).
On an Equation in the Ricci Solitons Theory with a Semisymmetric Connection
Authors: Klepikov P.N. , Kurkina M.V. , Rodionov E.D. , Khromova O.P. 
Published: December 2023

The study of Ricci solitons and invariant Ricci solitons with connections of various types has garnered much attention from many mathematicians. Metric connections with vector torsion, or semisymmetric connections, were first studied by E. Cartan on (pseudo) Riemannian manifolds. Later, K. Yano and I. Agricola studied tensor fields and geodesic lines of such connections, while P.N. Klepikov, E.D. Rodionov, and O.P. Khromova considered the Einstein equation of semisymmetric connections on three-dimensional locally homogeneous (pseudo) Riemannian manifolds.
In the previous paper, the authors studied invariant Ricci solitons with a semisymmetric connection. They are an important subclass of the class of homogeneous Ricci solitons. We obtained the classification of invariant Ricci solitons on three-dimensional Lie groups with a left-invariant Riemannian metric and a semisymmetric connection different from the Levi-Civita connection. Also, the existence of invariant Ricci solitons with a non-conformal Killing vector field was proved for the such case. Moreover, a part of the proofs was obtained using the analytical calculation software packages.
In this paper, we investigate invariant Ricci solitons on three-dimensional nonunimodular Lie groups with a left-invariant Riemannian metric and a semisymmet-ric connection. Analytical proofs of all theorems completing the classification of such solitons are presented.
Comprehensive analysis of relationships of the representatives of subfamily Cryptogrammoideae (Pteridaceae)
Authors: Vaganov Alexey V. , Gureyeva Irina I. , Skaptsov Michail V. , Kuznetsov Alexander A. , Romanets Roman S. , Salokhin Alexey V. , Kutsev Maxim G. , Shmakov Alexander I. 
Published: December 2023

This research is the first comprehensive analysis of the intrageneric relationships inside the subfamily Cryptogrammoideae: 14 taxa of Coniogrammeand one species of Cryptogramma were involved additionally in the molecular phylogenetic studies based on rbcL gene of plastid DNA; spore morphology of 32 taxa of cryptogrammoid ferns, namely 22 taxa of Coniogramme, nine species of Cryptogramma and one species of Llavea were studied using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM); 31 taxon of Cryptogrammoideae were studied using herbarium data from Herbaria across Europe and Asia (P, PE, LE, VLA, ALTB, TK) according to global botanical and geographical zones. As a result of this comprehensive analysis, we established a deep divergence of Coniogramme merillii in Coniogramme superclade: this species is the sister lineage to the remainder ofConiogramme. We revealed also the separateness of Co. suprapilosa from Co. rosthornii and Co. longissima, Co. africana from Co. lanceolata and Co. fraxinea, Co. robusta from Co. jinggangshanensis, Co. wilsonii and Co. japonica. Among Cryptogramma species, the relationship of Far Eastern Cr. gorovoi with Cr. crispa from the Caucasus and the Turkish endemic Cr. bithynica but not with any Far Eastern species was revealed. Spores of Coniogramme are characterized by simple smooth, granulate and papillate macro-ornamentation, spores of Cryptogramma species have the more coarse colliculate or tuberculate macro-ornamentation. Peculiarities of macro-ornamentation allow us to define six spore types in cryptogrammoid ferns: four spore types in Coniogramme and two spore types in Cryptogramma; the same spore type we assigned for Llavea cordifolia and Coniogramme suprapilosa. In Coniogramme, the grouping of species attending the spore type does not agree with existing classification and phylogenetic hypotheses. Genetic separateness of Co. suprapilosa corresponds with its exceptional verrucate spore sculpture not found in other Coniogramme species. In Cryptogramma, the grouping on the spore types corresponds with other morphological characteristics, existing system and molecular phylogeny. Spore ornamentation has diagnostic value in the recognition of cryptogrammoid taxa at the generic and section (in Cryptogramma) level. Sino-Japanese and Sino-Himalaian regions of Eastern Asiatic Subkingdom are the centers of origin and diversity for subfamily Cryptogrammoideae and especially for the genus Coniogramme.
Chromosome numbers in some alien plant species of the Novosibirsk Region: post IV
Authors: Zykova Elena Yu. , Pankova Tatyana V. , Lomonosova Maria N. 
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the chromosome numbers (2n) for 12 alien species collected in the Novosibirsk Region from the families Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Campanulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Plantaginaceae, Poaceae. For Asclepias syriaca L. (2n = 22), Veronica filiformis Sm. (2n = 14), Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. (2n = 18), and Sorghum drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) Millsp. et Chase (2n = 20), chromosome numbers were determined for the first time on the material from Russia; for Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch. Bip. (2n = 18), Campanula persicifoliaL. (2n = 16), and Genista tinctoria L. (2n = 48) – from Asian Russia; for Calendula officinalis L. (2n = 32) and Rudbeckia hirta L. (2n = 38) – from Siberia. Chromosome numbers on the material from the Novosibirsk Region were revealed for the first time for Lapsana communis L. (2n = 14) and Silene noctiflora L. (2n = 24). For all the species studied, brief notes on their general distribution and dispersal in the Novosibirsk Region are provided, along with literature data on chromosome numbers from other regions of Russia.
Geometric morphometrics and phylogenetic analysis of Delphinium taxa from south of Russia
Authors: Kashin Alexander S. , Bogoslov Artiom V. , Parkhomenko Aliona S. , Shilova Irina V. , Kritskaya Tatyana A. , Murtazaliev Ramazan A. 
Published: December 2023

The leaf blade’s shape of 665 samples of 18 taxa from the genus Delphinium was analyzed using geometric morphometrics method. Within the subgenus Delphinastrum, D. elatum and, to a lesser extent, D. uralense were relatively well separated by canonical analysis, while D. litwinowii, D. pubiflorum, D. duhmbergii, and D. subcuneatumwere not actually separated. Within the subgenus Oligophyllon, D. caucasicum was well separated by this method. The scatter clouds of D. freynii + D. puniceum + D. sergii on the one hand, and D. fedorovii + D. gelmetzicum on the other hand, also separated. D. arcuatum, D. bracteosum, D. crispulum, D. flexuosum, and D. mariae did not separate from each other. The nature of such separation of species groups observed in the space of canonical variables and their relative proximity to each other can be associated with the habitat similarity of their populations driven by ecological or geographical conditions, as well as the influence of hybridization processes in the zone of secondary contact of species. The differences in leaf blade’s shape are mainly related to the width of the segments, the lengths of the central segment of the middle lobe and the undissected part of the leaf blade, the degree of its dissection, the shape of the base and the distance between the lower lobes. Based on the results of DNA sequencing of the intergenic transcribed spacer ITS2, the taxonomic independence of D. puniceum, D. macropogon, D. mariae, D. samurense, and D. pubiflorum is beyond any doubt. The synonymy of D. freynii and D. sergii is supported, with the priority name of D. schmalhausenii. D. cuneatum, D. subcuneatum, D. duhmbergii, and D. litwinowii should be considered as synonyms with the priority name of D. cuneatum. The taxonomic status of D. dictyocarpum, D. elatum, and D. uralense needs further clarification. This is probably related to their easy hybridization with D. cuneatum in sympatric populations within the overlapping areas. Delphinium arcuatum, D. bracteosum, D. caucasicum, D. crispulum, D. elisabethae, D. fedorovii, D. flexuosum, D. gelmetzicum, and D. speciosum are poorly separated, which can also be associated with hybridization processes. They need to be studied in more detail.
Chromosome numbers for some vascular plants from Mongolia. Post 3
Authors: Korolyuk Elena A. , Pankova Tatyana V. , Korolyuk Andrey Yu. 
Published: December 2023

Chromosome numbers (2n) for 18 rare, endemic plant species (21 populations) from the families Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Boraginaceae, Ephedraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Scrophulariaceae are reported on the material from Mongolia. For Hackelia tymifolia (DC.) Johnston (2n = 24), Lappula intermedia (Ledeb.) Popov (2n = 24), Oxytropis saposhnikovii Krylov (2n = 16), Pachyneurum grandiflorum (C. A. Mey.) Bunge (2n = 18), Psammochloa villosa (Trin.) Bor (2n = 28), chromosome complements were examined for the first time. For the species of Erigeron lonchophyllus Hook., 2n = 18 was determined from Asia for the first time. Chromosome numbers of Alyssum desertorum Stapf (2n = 32), Astherothamnus heteropappoides Novopokr. (2n = 18), Heteropappus altaicus (Willd.) Novopokr. (2n = 36; 36 + 0-2B), Ephedra monosperma C. A. Mey. (2n = 14), , Lactuca tatarica (L.) C. A. Mey. (2n = 18), Lappula anisacantha (Turcz. ex Bunge) Gürke (2n = 24), Senecio ambraceus Turcz. (2n = 40) were determined from Mongolia for the first time. New cytotypes for Euphorbia tshuiensis (Prokh.) Serg. ex Krylov (2n = 4x= 38–40) and Oxytropis oligantha Bunge (2n = 3x = 24) were studied. For the species, the area and published data on karyology are given.
Clonal micropropagation of some species of the genus Thymus L.
Authors: Yegorova Natalya A. , Tevfik Arzy Sh. 
Published: December 2023

The aim of the work was to study the influence of cultivation factors on the explants development to optimize the protocol of in vitro clonal micropropagation of four species of the genus Thymus L., valuable essential oil and medicinal plants. Conditions that ensure the production of up to 94.2 % of sterile explants were selected. It has been established that, when introduced into in vitro culture, it is advisable to use shoot tips and stem segments with a node (isolated from donor plants) and cultivate them in foil-covered test tubes. The optimal culture media for the first stage of micropropagation were determined: Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 1.0 mg/l benzylaminopurine (BAP) for Thymus serpyllum L. or MS with 1.0 mg/l kinetin and 1.0 mg/l gibberellic acids (GA3) for T. vulgaris L. ‘Gornyy Balzam’, T. × citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. ‘Doone Valley’, T. caucasicus Willd. ex Ronniger. At the second stage of clonal micropropagation, it is advisable to cultivate T. caucasicus and T. serpyllum explants during 40 days, but T. vulgaris and T. × citriodorus – during 60 days. The maximum multiplication index at the recommended cultivation duration was obtained for T. × citriodorus (9.9) on MS medium without hormones, T. caucasicus (16.1) and T. vulgaris (10.0) – on MS medium with 1.0 mg/l kinetin., and T. serpyllum (6.8) on MS medium with 1.0 mg/l BAP. When comparing different culture vessels (tubes, jars and flasks), the effectiveness of jars was revealed. This type of culture vessels made it possible to increase the multiplication index up to 2.1–5.7 times. It was revealed that when microshoots of four thyme species were cultivated on MS medium with 1.0 mg/l IBA, the rooting rate reached 84.6–98.9 %. The frequency of adaptation ex vitro when using a mixture of peat and perlite (1:1) ranged from 62.8 to 89.5 %.