bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine Having a Very Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid
Authors: Haider Syed Shabbir , Tanaka Masatoshi , Alam Md Khorshed , Nakajima Shuhei , Baba Naomichi , Shimizu Sakayu 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A phosphatidylcholine 9 bearing icosadienoyl and docosahexaenoyl groups at the 1- and 2-positions respectively was synthesized. The synthetic route involves carbon chain elongation of linoleic acid via malonic ester synthesis, preparation of lyso-phosphatidylcholine via lipase-catalyzed mon-acylation of 2-O-methoxyethoxymethylglycerol and phosphodiester synthesis, and finally DCC-mediated esterification.
Unexpected Course of the Intramolecular Darzens Condensation of Dichloroacetoxybenzaldehyde. A Novel One-step Synthesis of 2,2-Dichloro-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(2-formylphenoxy) propionic Acid
Authors: Mamedov Vakhid A , Gazizova Lucia Kh , Nurkhametova Ilsiyar Z , Gubaidullin Aidar T , Litvinov Igor A , Tsuboi Sadao , Levin Yakov A 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The reaction of ortho-di (2) and monochloroacetoxybenzaldehyde (1) withtBuOK and/or NaN(SiMe3)2 under Darzens conden-sation conditions leads to 2,2-dichloro-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(2-formylphenoxy) propionic acid (3) and 3-chlorocoumarin (8) depending on number of chlorine atoms in the starting aldehydes (1, 2).
Rhodium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Pauson-Khand Reaction
Authors: Koga Yuji , Kobayashi Toshitake , Narasaka Koichi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A rhodium dinuclear carbonyl complex, [RhCl(CO)2]2, serves as a catalyst of the intramolecular Pauson-Khand reaction. 1,6-Enynes are converted to cyclopentenone derivatives in high yield by heating in the presence of the catalyst under an atmospheric pressure of CO.
Retarded Decomposition of the Trimethylammonium Moiety Observed on Photocatalytic Mineralization of Surfactants over TiO2 Photocatalyst
Authors: Fujii Hiroyuki , Sato Hirofumi , Ohtaki Michitaka , Eguchi Koichi , Arai Hiromichi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The CO2 evolution rate for photocatalytic mineralization of alkyltrimethylammonium chloride sharply decreased when the mineralization yield became nearly equal to the proportion of the long alkyl carbon to the total organic carbon, suggesting that the photodecomposition rate of the alkyl chains is much faster than that of the trimethylammonium group. Moreover, the presence of Br− significantly suppressed the initial CO2 evolution rate, and resulted in incompleted mineralization with the final mineralization yield virtually equal to the proportion of the carbon atoms not attaching to the quarternary nitrogen.
Photocurrent Generation by Surface Plasmon Excitation via Electron Transfer Quenching of Excited Porphyrins Linked Covalently to a Gold Film Electrode
Authors: Ishida Akito , Sakata Yoshiteru , Majima Tetsuro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Photocurrent was generated by surface plasmon excitation upon a porphyrin-modified gold film electrode using p-polarized light at 632.8 nm light in which electron transfer occurred from the excited porphyrin linked covalently to the gold electrode to a quencher such as molecular oxygen and methyl viologen in an aqueous solution.
Synthesis of the First Iron Complexes Containing 1,2-Phenylenedioxysilyl Group
Authors: Yamaguchi Koji , Ueno Keiji , Ogino Hiroshi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Reaction of FpSiHCl2 (Fp=(η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2) with catechol in the presence of NEt3 afforded FpSiH(cat) (2: cat=o-O2C6H4). While the reaction in the presence of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) gave FpSiCl(cat) (3). The NMR investigation of the latter reaction revealed that the hydrosilyl complex 2 is formed as an intermediate which is converted into the chlorosilyl complex 3 via H/Cl exchange between 2 and DMI·HCl.
Modeling the Contact Region of Command Layer/Liquid Crystal Molecule by Langmuir-Blodgett Technique
Authors: Ubukata Takashi , Morino Sin-ya , Seki Takahiro , Ichimura Kunihiro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A molecularly homogeneous mixed monolayer composed of an azobenzene containing amphiphilic polymer and 4′-pently-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) was formed on a water surface. Photoirradiation onto the single LB layer from this mixed monolayer induced reversible orientational changes of 5CB molecule. Preparation of a resonable model of command layer/liquid crystal molecular interface by LB method is proposed.
Synthesis and Photochemical Reactions of Polystannanes.
Authors: Mochida Kunio , Hayakawa Masamichi , Tsuchikawa Takuya , Yokoyama Yasuo , Wakasa Masanobu , Hayashi Hisaharu 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Several polystannanes were synthesized by the reaction of dichlorostannanes with samarium (II) diiodide and alkali earth metal (Mg, Ca) vapor-solvent cocondensates. Laser flash photolysis of the polystannane involved Sn-Sn bond homolysis to yield mainly polystannyl radicals.
New Oscillatory Phenomena in the Redox Reaction of O2/O2− Couple on a Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode in Acetone Media
Authors: Che Yong , Okajima Takeyoshi , Nakamura Yoshiyuki , Tokuda Koichi , Ohsaka Takeo 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A new electrochemical oscillation is found in the redox reaction of O2/O2− (superoxide ion) couple on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) in acetone media. Both electrogeneration of O2− on HMDE and its dissolution (i.e., anodic oxidation) are indispensable for the present oscillation. A probable mechanism is proposed based on related previous studies.
Structural Change of a Cast Film of Amphiphilic Ruthenium(II) Cyano Complex Caused by Electrochemical Oxidation
Authors: Kobayashi Kentaro , Takahashi Shin , Okamoto Kentaro , Yamagishi Akihiko 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
An amphiphilic ruthenium(II) cyano complex, (N(C2H5)4)2[Ru(dc18bpy)(CN)4] (dc18bpy = 4,4′-dioctadecyl-2,2′-bipyridine), was prepared by photo-induced ligand exchange. The X-ray diffraction patterns were compared before and after the electrochemical oxidation of the cast film on an ITO electrode. The film had a layered structure, whose interlayer distance changed irreversibly from 4.60 nm to 4.01 nm when the central Ru(II) ion was oxidized to Ru(III).
Flux Growth of Single Crystals of BaBPO5
Authors: Pan Shilie , Wu Yicheng , Fu Peizhen , Wang Guofu , Zhang Guochun , Li Zhihua , Chen Chuangtian 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The powder barium borophosphate BaBPO5 was synthesized by solid-state reaction techniques. Single crystals BaBPO5 with sizes up to 20 mm × 15 mm × 10 mm were grown by top-seeded solution growth method using H3BO3–NH4H2PO4 as fluxes. The crystals and the components volatilized were characterized by the method of X-ray powder diffraction.
Synthesis of Vicinal Bis(alkylthio) Derivatives by Reductive Coupling of Dithioacetals Derived from Aromatic Aldehydes with Low Valent Titanium Iodide Species
Authors: Yoshimura Naritoshi , Igarashi Koji , Funasaka Setsuo , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Reduction of dithioacetals derived from aromatic aldehydes with low valent titanium iodide species in situ formed by treatment of titanium(IV) iodide with zinc in a mixed solvent of dichloro-methane and pivalonitrile at room temperature afforded coupling products, vicinal bis(alkylthio) derivatives, in good to high yields.
Extensively Interlocked 2-D Supramolecular Architecture of Self-Adhesive Double-Tailed 1,3-Planar-2,4-upright-Calix[4]arene
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhao Bang-Tun , Zhang Heng-Yi , Weng Lin-Hong , Wada Takehiko , Inoue Yoshihisa 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A novel interlocked 2-D supramolecular architecture is constructed through the synergistic intermolecular interactions of calix[4]arene 1,3-bis(4-nitrobenzoate) in the crystal, which are highly stabilized by the regular π–π and offset stacking, edge-to-face, and/or dipole–dipole interactions.
A Highly Selective HF Sensor Based on A Potassium Ion-Exchanged Waveguide Polarimetric Interferometer
Authors: Qi Zhi-mei , Matsuda Naoki , Itoh Kiminori , Murabayashi Masayuki 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A simple polarimetric interferometer constructed with a single-mode potassium ion-exchanged (PIE) glass waveguide was used as a disposable HF sensor with an excellent selectivity. By examining the interference between the transverse electric (TE0) and transverse magnetic (TM0) modes during the HF etching of PIE waveguides, the average rate of change in the phase difference was demonstrated to depend linearly on the HF concentration. The compressive stress-induced birefringence in the PIE layer was found to be responsible for the HF-sensing feature of the PIE waveguide polarimetric interferometer.
Water-Soluble Zinc Porphyrins as Receptors for Amino Carboxylates
Authors: Imai Hiroyasu , Misawa Kensuke , Munakata Hiroki , Uemori Yoshio 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Water-soluble zinc porphyrins bearing an ammonium group and a phenyl or tertiary butyl group above each porphyrin plane were designed and synthesized. Binding data for amino carboxylates in aqueous solution suggested that these porphyrins recognize the carboxylates on the basis of coordinative, Coulomb, and hydrophobic interactions and that a chiral recognition phenomenon for glycyl-tryptophan anion is derived from the cooperation of these interactions.
Ruthenium(II) Complex Having Crown-Ether Moiety at 3,3′-Positions on 2,2′-Bipyridine Ligand: Spectroscopic Responses upon Ion Recognition
Authors: Chiba Masahiro , Ogawa Kazunori , Tsuge Kiyoshi , Abe Masaaki , Kim Haeng-Boo , Sasaki Yoichi , Kitamura Noboru 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Ru(bpy)2(CE-bpy)2+ was prepared where bpy and CE-bpy were 2,2′-bipyridine and bpy having a crown-ether moiety at the 3,3′ positions, respectively. Although the Ru(II) complex showed only very weak emission in acetonitrile, recognition of Na+ or Li+ by the crown-ether moiety in CE-bpy resulted in an increase in the emission intensity of the complex.
Synthesis of Novel Ruthenium and Rhodium Complexes with a Silsesquioxane-Based Phosphine Ligand
Authors: Wada Kenji , Izuhara Daisuke , Shiotsuki Masashi , Kondo Teruyuki , Mitsudo Take-aki 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Novel silsesquioxane-containing ruthenium and rhodium complexes were prepared by the reaction of [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 and [(C2H4)2RhCl]2 with a new silsesquioxane-based tridentate phosphine ligand, (c-C5H9)7Si7O9(OSiMe2CH2CH2PPh2)3 (1).
Aminoisocyanides in Multicomponent Reactions (MCRs): A Facile Synthesis of Substituted 3(5H)-Pyrrolin-2-ones via a Dimroth-type Rearrangement
Authors: Nair Vijay , Mathen Joseph Swaroop , Vinod A Unni , Varma R Luxmi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The 1,3-dipolar species generated from diisopropylaminoisocyanide and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) is trapped with aldehydes affording substituted 3(5H)-pyrrolin-2-ones presumably via a Dimroth-type rearrangement of the initially formed furanone hydrazones in good yields.
Highly Efficient Dithioacetalization of Carbonyl Compounds Catalyzed with Iodine Supported on Neutral Alumina
Authors: Deka Nabajyoti , Sarma Jadab C 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Aldehydes and ketones are protected as their corresponding dithioacetals with ethane-1,2-dithiol in the presence of a catalytic amount of iodine supported on neutral alumina surface. This is a high yielding method of carbonyl group protection under mild, neutral and solvent free conditions.
Solvolysis of Optically Active 4-Methylcyclohexylidenemethyl Triflate: Evidence against a Primary Vinyl Cation as an Intermediate
Authors: Fujita Morifumi , Yamamoto Akiyo , Sugimura Takashi , Okuyama Tadashi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Solvolysis of (R)-4-methylcyclohexylidenemethyl triflate in aqueous methanol at 140 °C gave stereospecifically (R)-4-methylcycloheptanone to definitively rule out intermediate formation of the achiral primary vinyl cation. The rearrangement must occur via concerted σ-bond participation.
2-(Chloroseleno)benzoyl Chloride: A Tandem Reagent for Selenenylation-Acylation of C-H Acids
Authors: Kloc Krystian , Osajda Mariusz , Mlochowski Jacek 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The 2-(chloroseleno)benzoyl chloride is a bifunctional electrophile able to react with C-H acids. The selenenylation and acylation of the active methylene group in the presence of triethylamine, lead to the ring closure. Based on this reaction 2-substituted benzo[b]selenophen-3(2H)-ones and 3-hydroxybenzo[b]selenophenes are produced in moderate to high yields.
A Convergent Total Synthesis of the Mucin Related F1α Antigen by One-Pot Sequential Stereoselective Glycosylation
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Ikegai Kazuhiro , Jona Hideki , Hashihayata Takashi , Takeuchi Kazuya 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A convergent total synthesis of F1α antigen, a member of the tumor-associated O-linked mucin glycosyl amino acids, was accomplished by one-pot sequential glycosylation. In the first step, the corresponding disaccharide was formed from galactosyl phenylcarbonate 2 or fluoride 3 and thioglycoside 4 by the promotion of TrB(C6F5)4 or TfOH, and following glycosylation of glycosyl amino acid 5 by further addition of N-iodosuccinimide(NIS) afforded protected F1α in 80 or 89% overall yield, respectively. By the subsequent deprotection, F1α antigen was obtained in good yield.
Imprinting of Coordination Geometry in Ultrathin Films via the Surface Sol–Gel Process
Authors: He Junhui , Ichinose Izumi , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Imprinting of Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions was performed in ultrathin TiO2 films by the surface sol–gel process. The imprinted films showed stable and selective binding to template ions over the control metal ion. The selectivity is attributed to the immobilized geometry of ethylenediamine ligand.
Size-Selective Synthesis of CdS Nanoparticles on Polyethylene Films
Authors: Chen Chun-Wei , Higashi Mie , Naito Taichi , Serizawa Takeshi , Akashi Mitsuru 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Size-selective CdS nanoparticles were synthesized on polyethylene (PE) films with surface-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) chains by the stepwise immersion of the films into aqueous solutions of cadmium acetate and sodium sulfide. By varying the surface density of the PAAc chains, the soaking time, and the number of cycles, it was possible to control the degree of coverage of the film and the size of the CdS nanoparticles.
Photochemical Reaction of the Open-Cage Fullerene Derivative with Singlet Oxygen
Authors: Murata Yasujiro , Komatsu Koichi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Photochemical reaction of open-cage fullerene 1 with singlet oxygen gave oxidation product 3, which was shown to have an enol and a carbonyl groups on the 12-membered-ring orifice on the fullerene cage by spectroscopic method and density functional calculations.
Migration Behavior of the Polymer Particles Possessing Carboxylate and Borate Moieties in Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Tsukagoshi Kazuhiko , Yamaguchi Akinobu , Morihara Nobuo , Nakajima Riichiro , Murata Masaharu , Maeda Mizuo 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Migration behavior of functional polymer particles, such as carboxylic acid- and phenylboric acid-modified polymer particles, was examined in capillary electrophoresis (CE) using migration buffers containing metal ions or saccharides. It was found that the interaction between functional groups on the particles and the specific chemical species in the migration buffers influenced the migration behavior of the polymer particles. The obtained results supported the possibility that CE becomes useful method for examining the property of functional polymer particles.
Pentavalent organoantimonial derivatives: two simple and efficient synthetic methods for meglumine antimonate
Authors: Demicheli Cynthia , Ochoa Rosemary , Silva Lula Ivana , Gozzo Fabio C. , Eberlin Marcos N. , Frézard Frédéric 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTwo simple and efficient procedures for the preparation of pentavalent antimony derivatives are described, using either antimony pentachloride (SbCl5) or potassium hexahydroxoantimonate (KSb(OH)6) as sources of antimony(V). These two new methods are evaluated for the synthesis of an important anti‐leishmanial drug: meglumine antimonate. Using elemental (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen) and thermal analysis, atomic absorption (antimony), proton NMR spectroscopy and high‐resolution positive‐ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI(+)‐MS), products for the reaction with N‐methyl‐D‐glucamine (NMG) using both the SbCl5 and KSb(OH)6 methods were characterized and found to be similar to a commercial sample of the drug. The only notable difference was observed for the ESI‐MS spectrum of the KSb(OH)6 product; it displays the same pattern of ESI‐generated ions as those of both the SbCl5 product and the commercial drug, but with significantly different abundance ratios. NMR data indicate that the NMG molecules coordinate antimony in two different fashions, which suggests either the coexistence of two different complexes or the existence of a single major complex in which two NMG molecules are coordinated with antimony in an asymmetrical geometry. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Juror decision‐making in a mock sexually violent predator trial: gender differences in the impact of divergent types of expert testimony
Authors: Guy Laura S. , Edens John F. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDespite widespread use of mental health testimony in cases where violence risk is at issue, relatively little is known about the impact of such information on juror decision‐making. This study addressed the effects of testimony based on three types of risk assessment instrument or method (clinical opinion, actuarial assessment, and ratings of psychopathy) to examine whether they would have differential impact on jurors' perceptions of the defendant. In a mock sexually violent predator civil commitment trial, 172 undergraduates were presented a case summary that included prosecution and defense expert testimony related to violence risk based on one of the three methods noted above. Consistent with earlier research, the hypothesis that a defendant described as a “high risk psychopath” by the prosecution would be judged more severely than a defendant judged as “high risk” based on other evaluation procedures was supported, but only among female jurors. Unlike prior studies, little support was found for the hypothesis that clinical opinion testimony would be more influential than actuarially based testimony for either gender. Mechanisms that may underlie the observed gender differences are discussed, as are the potential implications of these findings for civil commitment proceedings. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrogenolysis of Cycloalkanes on a Tantalum Hydride Complex Supported on Silica and Insight into the Deactivation Pathway by the Combined Use of 1D Solid‐State NMR and EXAFS Spectroscopies
Authors: Rataboul Franck , Chabanas Mathieu , de Mallmann Aimery , Copéret Christophe , Thivolle‐Cazat Jean , Basset Jean‐Marie 
Published: March 2003

AbstractHydrogenolysis of cyclic alkanes is catalysed by [(SiO)2TaH] (1) at 160 °C and leads to lower alkanes and cyclic alkanes including cyclopentane. The turnover number is correlated with the number of carbon atoms of the cyclic alkanes, and therefore while cycloheptane is readily transformed, cyclopentane does not give any product (<1 %). The mechanism of ring contraction probably involves carbene de‐insertion as a key carbon–carbon bond‐cleavage step. The reluctance of cyclopentane to undergo hydrogenolysis was further studied: under the reaction conditions cyclopentane reacts with 1 to give the corresponding cyclopentyl derivative [(SiO)2TaC5H9] (13), which evolves towards cyclopentadienyl derivative [(SiO)2Ta(C5H5)] (14) according to both solid‐state NMR and EXAFS spectroscopies. This latter complex is inactive in the hydrogenolysis of alkanes, and therefore the formation of cyclopentane in the hydrogenolysis of various cyclic alkanes is probably responsible for the de‐activation of the catalyst by formation of cyclopentadienyl complexes.
Niaviolides, New Macrocyclic Sesquiterpenes Secreted by Males of the African Butterfly Amauris niavius
Authors: Stritzke Katja , Schulz Stefan , Boppré Michael 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe abdominal androconial organs (“hairpencils”) of the African butterfly Amauris niavius (Danainae) emit a complex scent bouquet consisting of previously described aromatic compounds, terpenoids, fatty acids, and hydrocarbons. This work reports the identification of two major sesquiterpenes, each possessing a unique 13‐membered macrolide ring, originating from an α,ψ‐oxidation pattern of the sesquiterpene backbone. To the best of our knowledge, sesquiterpene macrolides have not been found before in nature. The structure elucidation of the two compounds, which we propose to call niaviolide (3) and epoxyniaviolide (4), by NMR and GC/MS experiments is presented, together with their subsequent synthesis. Finally, the absolute configuration of natural 4 was determined to be (S,S) by stereoselective synthesis and chiral gas chromatography. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Effects of alcohol exposure during early life on neuron numbers in the rat hippocampus. I. Hilus neurons and granule cells
Authors: Miki Takanori , Harris Simon J. , Wilce Peter A. , Takeuchi Yoshiki , Bedi Kuldip S. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe previously showed that 16‐day‐old rats exposed to a relatively high dose of ethanol at 10‐15 postnatal days of age have fewer neurons in the hilus region of the hippocampus compared with controls. Dentate gyrus granule cell numbers, however, showed no statistically significant changes attributable to the ethanol treatment. It is possible that some of the changes in brain morphology, brought about as a result of the exposure to ethanol during early life, may not be manifested until later in life. This question has been further addressed in an extension to our previous study. Wistar rats were exposed to a relatively high daily dose of ethanol on postnatal days 10–15 by placement in a chamber containing ethanol vapour, for 3 h/day. The blood ethanol concentration was found to be ∼430 mg/dl at the end of the period of exposure. Groups of ethanol‐treated (ET), separation control (SC), and mother‐reared control (MRC) rats were anaesthetised and killed either at 16 or 30 days of age by perfusion with phosphate‐buffered 2.5% glutaraldehyde. The Cavalieri principle and the physical disector methods were used to estimate, respectively, the regional volumes and neuron cell numerical densities in the hilus and granule cell regions of the dentate gyrus. The total numbers of neurons in the hilus region and granule cell layer were computed from these estimates. It was found that 16‐day‐old animals had 398,000–441,000 granule cells, irrespective of group. The numbers of granule cells increased such that by 30 days of age, rats had 487,000–525,500 granule cells. However, there were no significant differences between ethanol‐treated rats and their age‐matched controls in granule cell numbers. In contrast, ethanol‐treated rats had slightly but significantly fewer neurons in the hilus region than did control animals at 16 days of age, but not at 30 days of age. Therefore, it appears that a short period of ethanol exposure during early life can have effects on neuron numbers of some hippocampal neurons, but not others. The effects on hilar neuron numbers, observed as a result of such short periods of ethanol treatment, appeared to be transitory. Hippocampus 2003;13:388–398. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.