bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmed disassembly of a microtubule-based membrane protrusion network coordinates 3D epithelial morphogenesis in Drosophila
Authors: Tran Ngan Vi , Montanari Martti P , Gui Jinghua , Lubenets Dmitri , Fischbach Léa Louise , Antson Hanna , Huang Yunxian , Brutus Erich , Okada Yasushi , Ishimoto Yukitaka , Tõnissoo Tambet , Shimmi Osamu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractComprehensive analysis of cellular dynamics during the process of morphogenesis is fundamental to understanding the principles of animal development. Despite recent advancements in light microscopy, how successive cell shape changes lead to complex three-dimensional tissue morphogenesis is still largely unresolved. Using in vivo live imaging of Drosophila wing development, we have studied unique cellular structures comprising a microtubule-based membrane protrusion network. This network, which we name here the Interplanar Amida Network (IPAN), links the two wing epithelium leaflets. Initially, the IPAN sustains cell–cell contacts between the two layers of the wing epithelium through basal protrusions. Subsequent disassembly of the IPAN involves loss of these contacts, with concomitant degeneration of aligned microtubules. These processes are both autonomously and non-autonomously required for mitosis, leading to coordinated tissue proliferation between two wing epithelia. Our findings further reveal that a microtubule organization switch from non-centrosomal to centrosomal microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) at the G2/M transition leads to disassembly of non-centrosomal microtubule-derived IPAN protrusions. These findings exemplify how cell shape change-mediated loss of inter-tissue contacts results in 3D tissue morphogenesis.
Physiological response to fetal intravenous lipid emulsion
Authors: Piccolo Brian D. , Chen Athena , Louey Samantha , Thornburg Kent L.R. , Jonker Sonnet S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn preterm neonates unable to obtain sufficient oral nutrition, intravenous lipid emulsion is life-saving. The contribution of post-conceptional level of maturation to pathology that some neonates experience is difficult to untangle from the global pathophysiology of premature birth. In the present study, we determined fetal physiological responses to intravenous lipid emulsion. Fetal sheep were given intravenous Intralipid 20® (n = 4 females, 7 males) or Lactated Ringer’s Solution (n = 7 females, 4 males) between 125 ± 1 and 133 ± 1 d of gestation (term = 147 d). Manufacturer’s recommendation for premature human infants was followed: 0.5–1 g/kg/d initial rate, increased by 0.5–1 to 3 g/kg/d. Hemodynamic parameters and arterial blood chemistry were measured, and organs were studied postmortem. Red blood cell lipidomics were analyzed by LC-MS. Intravenous Intralipid did not alter hemodynamic or most blood parameters. Compared with controls, Intralipid infusion increased final day plasma protein (P=0.004; 3.5 ± 0.3 vs. 3.9 ± 0.2 g/dL), albumin (P = 0.031; 2.2 ± 0.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.2 g/dL), and bilirubin (P&lt;0.001; conjugated: 0.2 ± 0.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.2 mg/dL; unconjugated: 0.2 ± 0.1 vs. 1.1 ± 0.4 mg/dL). Circulating IGF-1 decreased following Intralipid infusion (P&lt;0.001; 66 ± 24 vs. 46 ± 24 ng/mL). Compared with control Oil Red O liver stains (median score 0), Intralipid-infused fetuses scored 108 (P=0.0009). Lipidomic analysis revealed uptake and processing of infused lipids into red blood cells, increasing abundance of saturated fatty acids. The near-term fetal sheep tolerates intravenous lipid emulsion well, although lipid accumulates in the liver. Increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin may reflect increased red blood cell turnover or impaired placental clearance. Whether Intralipid is less well tolerated earlier in gestation remains to be determined.
Intelligent reflecting surface‐assisted UAV inspection system based on transfer learning
Authors: Du Yifan , Qi Nan , Wang Kewei , Xiao Ming , Wang Wenjing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntelligent reflective surface (IRS) provides an effective solution for reconfiguring air‐to‐ground wireless channels, and intelligent agents based on reinforcement learning can dynamically adjust the reflection coefficient of IRS to adapt to changing channels. However, most exiting IRS configuration schemes based on reinforcement learning require long training time and are difficult to be industrially deployed. This paper, proposes a model‐free IRS control scheme based on reinforcement learning and adopts transfer learning to accelerate the training process. A knowledge base of the source tasks has been constructed for transfer learning, allowing accumulation of experience from different source tasks. To mitigate potential negative effects of transfer learning, quantitative analysis of task similarity through unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flight path is conducted. After identifying the most similar source task to the target task, parameters of the source task model are used as the initial values for the target task model to accelerate the convergence process of reinforcement learning. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can increase the convergence speed of the traditional DDQN algorithm by up to 60%.
SIANet: 3D object detection with structural information augment network
Authors: Zhou Jing , Lin Tengxing , Gong Zixin , Huang Xinhan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract3D object detection technology from point clouds has been widely applied in the field of automatic driving in recent years. In practical applications, the shape point clouds of some objects are incomplete due to occlusion or far distance, which means they suffer from insufficient structural information. This greatly affects the detection performance. To address this challenge, the authors design a Structural Information Augment (SIA) Network for 3D object detection, named SIANet. Specifically, the authors design a SIA module to reconstruct the complete shapes of objects within proposals for enhancing their geometric features, which are further fused into the spatial feature of the object for box refinement to predict accurate detection boxes. Besides, the authors construct a novel Unet‐liked Context‐enhanced Transformer backbone network, which stacks Context‐enhanced Transformer modules and an upsampling branch to capture contextual information efficiently and generate high‐quality proposals for the SIA module. Extensive experiments show that the authors’ well‐designed SIANet can effectively improve detection performance, especially surpassing the baseline network by 1.04% mean Average Precision (mAP) gain in the KITTI dataset and 0.75% LEVEL_2 mAP gain in the Waymo dataset.
A low radar cross section antenna array based on a liquid metal metasurface
Authors: Ji Lu‐Yang , Hong Xiaoyue , Yang Rui , Liu Qingyue , Zhang Wenhan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA low RCS (radar cross section) slot array antenna based on a liquid metal metasurface is proposed. The metasurface consists of 6 × 6 nested ring‐shaped element. The inner ring with a checkerboard distribution can realise 180° ± 37° phase difference, which can effectively reduce the scattering performances for the slot array. The outer and inner ring together can excite more energy from the slot array, thus resulting in increased radiation gains. Therefore, by changing the layout of liquid metal on the metasurface, scattering and radiation enhancement modes can be switched. The measured results show that in the scattering mode, the RCS can be reduced from 8.1 to 17 GHz. While in the radiation enhancement mode, the proposed array with the metasurface can achieve a −10‐dB impedance bandwidth of 9.4–11.2 GHz (17.4%) with a maximum gain of 8.12 dBi. Compared with the slot array without the metasurface, the realised gain is enhanced by 1.2 dBi from 6.9 dBi. The measured results correspond well with the simulated ones.
Open Shortest Path First extension for the support of multiarea networks with arbitrary topologies
Authors: Gomes Xavier , Fonseca João , Valadas Rui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOpen Shortest Path First (OSPF) currently supports multiarea networking with two severe limitations: the multiarea topology is restricted to a two‐level hierarchy, and globally optimal routing may not be achieved. An OSPF extension that overcomes these limitations is proposed by introducing a routing overlay for the dissemination of multiarea routing information. It applies to both OSPFv2 (IPv4) and OSPFv3 (IPv6) and is transparent to area‐internal routers. The extension was fully implemented and tested, and the results show that the added functionality is completely achieved, at the cost of a small penalty in terms of convergence times for small networks.
Nicholas Reactions of Pentadiynyl–Co2(CO)6 Cations. Synthesis of Antimalarial Hinokiresinol Analogues
Authors: Green James R. , Muresan Marcus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPenta-1,4-diyn-3-ol–Co2(CO)6 complexes undergo Lewis acid mediated Nicholas reactions with high selectivity at the C-3 site, to give skipped (1,4-)diyne complexes. The compatible nucleophiles have a wide range of reactivity. The methodology has been applied to the synthesis of both (E)- and (Z)-isomers of a hinokiresinol and nyasol analogue, the (E)-isomer of which is known to have elevated antiplasmodial and antimalarial activity.
Synthesis and α-Functionalisation of Cyclic Imines
Authors: Brimble Margaret A. , Kuang Ze , Ding Xiao-Bo , Furkert Daniel P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstractα-Functionalisation of cyclic imines is explored. The cyclic imine substrates are synthesised from their respective halonitrile precursors using a nucleophilic addition/cyclisation sequence. Selective monohalogenation of the cyclic imines yields α-haloimines, which serve as a platform to obtain various α-hydroxyimine derivatives. In addition, an unusual tautomerisation and oxidation sequence is observed in the attempted preparation of α-hydroxyimines.
Clinical and Socioeconomic Effects of Misdiagnosed Wrist Ligament Injuries
Authors: Rosvall Felicia , Hagert Elisabet , Gustafson Pelle , Andersson Jonny K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose Misdiagnosed and maltreated wrist ligament injuries (scapholunate [SL], lunotriquetral, and triangular fibrocartilage complex [TFCC]) filed to the Swedish National Patient Insurance Company (LÖF [“regionernas ömsesidiga försäkringsbolag”]) 2011 to 2018 were analyzed in terms of complications and costs for society.
Materials and Methods All filed claims are database registered. The database was assessed in June 2019 through injury International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision-SWE diagnoses. Demographics, reasons for avoidance, type of complication, and costs were assessed. Trend analysis was also used to compare the numbers of filed claims of wrist ligament injuries and total injuries.
Results The mean age of the 231 extracted patients was 38 years. Females represented 57%. Ninety-eight (42%) of the claims were judged as avoidable, in accordance with the 40% approved patient injuries of all notified injuries during the same time period. Isolated injuries to the TFCC and SL ligament were the most common (n = 185, 80%). One to seven secondary surgical procedures/patient were needed to treat the condition. Sixty-nine (30%) of the 231 patients had medical invalidity due to the avoidable complication(s). Disability was more severe if more than one surgical procedure was needed. There was a significant trend toward decreasing numbers of filed claims for wrist ligament injuries (p = 0.002) over time, in contrast to the total number of filed claims to LÖF, which has increased by an average of 6% annually for a cumulative increase of 60% from 2011 to 2018.
Interpretation The total cost for misdiagnosed and mistreated wrist ligament injuries in Sweden from 2011 to 2018 was €2,203,467, and costly for both the patients and society at large.
Level of Evidence Level III, therapeutic.
Morphometry of Superior Sagittal Sinus and Its Clinical Significance
Authors: Suganya Grace , Krishnaraj Ariharan , Veeramani Raveendranath , Kumar Dinesh , Krishnan Nagarajan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe position of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) in the midline along the sagittal suture is still a debate among neurosurgeons. The aim of the study is to evaluate the diameter and deviation of the SSS at various landmarks in the midline. We evaluated 100 computed tomography venography images. The mean diameter of SSS between nasion and bregma was 2.6 ± 0.7 mm and it was 3.7 ± 0.9 at bregma. Between bregma and lambda and at lambda, the mean diameters were 5.1 ± 1.2 and 5.7 ± 1.04, respectively. Deviation of SSS toward the right side was seen in approximately 77% of cases, while left deviation and no deviation were seen in 11 and 12%, respectively, between nasion and bregma. At bregma, 62, 10, and 28% deviation was seen toward the right side, left side, and in midline, respectively. In other three segments between bregma and lambda, at lambda and beyond lambda the right and left deviation of SSS were found in 68, 70, 71% and 11, 9, 11% respectively. While in these three segments there was no deviation in SSS in 21(between bregma and lambda), 21(at lambda) and 18% (beyond lambda). Further, we compared our data between genders and age groups. A statistically significant difference in diameter of SSS between genders was noted at the level of bregma and a significant difference in deviation of SSS between genders was noted in the segment between nasion and bregma. Thus, the findings of this study would serve as the crucial surgical data for the neurosurgeons in placing the burr holes in craniotomies and in the interhemispheric approach for midline tumors.
Nodular Malignant Melanoma on the Abdomen of a Lactating Lady
Authors: Girisha Banavasi Shanmukha , Chikkanna Kavya , Teerthanath S. , D'souza Caren 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMalignant melanoma is an uncommon condition in Indian and dark-skinned individuals. Additionally, it is associated with lifetime recurrences and poor prognosis. Its presence on the trunk poses a diagnostic challenge as it can simulate various skin lesions. Furthermore, it raises diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in pregnancy and lactation. Early recognition and appropriate treatment can reduce adverse events in the mother and the baby. Here, we are reporting a case of a 33-year-old lactating mother who presented with a solitary, rapidly growing nodule on the abdomen. Nodular malignant melanoma was diagnosed on further evaluation with histopathology and immunohistochemistry.
Suture-Based Distal Radioulnar Joint Stabilization: A Biomechanical Evaluation in a Cadaveric Model
Authors: Graf Alexander R. , Ahmed Adil S. , Thompson Dan , Gottschalk Michael B. , Wagner Eric R. , Suh Nina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose Management of acute distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability is complex and controversial. Common treatment options include prolonged immobilization, stabilization with wires, and acute triangular fibrocartilage complex repair. However, none of these permits an early range of motion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of a suture-based stabilization (SBS) technique for acute DRUJ instability to permit early active motion.
Methods A biomechanical study utilizing eight cadaveric arms was performed. All specimens were tested in the intact state prior to the creation of bidirectional DRUJ instability. For the SBS group, 2-mm suture tapes with suture button fixation were utilized to recreate the respective contributions of distal oblique bundle and volar and dorsal radioulnar ligaments to DRUJ stability. All specimens were cyclically loaded with a simulated ballottement stress of 20N in forearm positions of neutral, 60 degrees of pronation and 60 degrees of supination. Range of motion and total translation were measured and then compared between the two groups.
Results The average range of motion in the intact and SBS specimens was 174 and 175 degrees, respectively. There were no significant differences in displacement between the intact and SBS group in neutral and in supination. However, the SBS group had less translation than the intact group in pronation.
Conclusions For acute DRUJ instability, the described SBS technique provides similar stability to the native intact DRUJ without compromising the range of motion in a cadaveric model. Future comparative studies are warranted prior to translation into the clinical arena.
Clinical Relevance This is a biomechanical study investigating a treatment technique for acute DRUJ instability that would allow an early range of motion.
Ipsilateral Nasoseptal Flaps in a Transpterygoid Approach: Technical Pearls and Reconstruction Outcomes
Authors: Chang Michael T. , Grimm David , Asmaro Karam , Yong Michael , Low Christopher , Lee Christine K. , Nayak Jayakar V. , Hwang Peter H. , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. , Patel Zara M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Transpterygoid approaches to the skull base require dissection of the sphenopalatine artery, potentially compromising the option to harvest an ipsilateral nasoseptal flap (NSF) for reconstruction. In cases where other reconstructive options are limited, it may be necessary to utilize a NSF ipsilateral to the transpterygoid approach. Here, we describe the technique of NSF pedicle preservation with reconstruction outcomes.
Methods This was a retrospective single-institution review of all expanded endonasal skull base cases utilizing a NSF ipsilateral to a transpterygoid approach. Reconstruction outcomes collected include intraoperative fluorescence with indocyanine green (ICG), postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) gadolinium enhancement, endoscopic assessment, and reconstruction-related complications.
Results Twenty-one cases were included in this study (mean age 51.0 ± 20.6 years, 61.9% female). Indications for NSF ipsilateral to the transpterygoid approach included: bilateral transpterygoid approach (52.4%), revision reconstruction (23.8%), or significant septal deviation (19.0%). Twelve of 14 (85.7%) flaps demonstrated intraoperative perfusion with ICG, 15 of 15 (100%) enhanced on postoperative MRI, and 21 of 21 (100%) flaps had a healthy, viable appearance on postoperative endoscopy. There were no instances of flap necrosis or postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Technical keys to optimize mobilization of the pedicle include wide decompression of the sphenopalatine foramen and release of neurovascular tethering points of the pterygopalatine fossa. These steps allow for wide skull base exposure with preservation of the sphenopalatine artery.
Conclusion With this technique, the transpterygoid approach can be performed in a manner that preserves the pedicle for an ipsilateral NSF and achieve an excellent reconstructive outcome.
Evaluation of Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty with Spongioplasty–Dartosoraphy Reinforcement in Pediatric Hypospadias: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Daboos Mohammad , Abdelmaboud Mohamed , Azab Ahmed , Abdelaziz Mohamed , Eldamanhory Hany 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction The original description of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) was provided by Snodgrass in 1994. The results were significantly improved by several modifications. To decrease the incidence of complications, interposing a vascularized flap after tubularization of the neourethra is recommended. The extent to which the type of interposed tissue has a direct effect on the rate of complications and cosmetic outcomes after TIPU repair is considered the answer to the main hypothesis of this study.
Materials and Methods This prospective controlled randomized trial was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, between May 2019 and May 2023. A total of 220 patients were included in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to either group A or group B. Group A included 110 patients who underwent TIPU with spongioplasty–dartosoraphy reinforcement. The other 110 patients (group B) underwent TIPU with dorsal dartos flap interposition, without spongioplasty.
Results Complications developed in 34 of 220 patients (15.4%). In group A, complications developed in 11 of 110 patients (10.0%). In group B, complications occurred in 23 of 110 patients (20.9%). Although the fistula rate, glanular dehiscence, disruption, and meatal stenosis were not significantly different between the study groups, the skin necrosis rate was significantly lower in group A than in group B. The overall complication rate was significantly lower in group A than in group B. Also, the difference in the mean Hypospadias Objective Scoring Evaluation between the two groups was statistically significant.
Conclusion TIPU with spongioplasty–dartosoraphy reinforcement is an effective modification of conventional TIPU. This modification appears to reduce the rate of complications and yield better cosmetic outcomes.
Sub-Doppler laser cooling and magnetic trapping of natural-abundance fermionic potassium
Authors: Bocheński Mateusz , Semczuk Mariusz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate the largest number of 40K atoms that has ever been cooled to deeply sub-Doppler temperatures in a single-chamber apparatus without using an enriched source of potassium. With gray molasses cooling on the D
1-line following a standard D
2-line magneto-optical trap, we obtain

3
×

10
5

atoms at 10(2) µK. We reach densities high enough to measure the temperature via absorption imaging using the time-of-flight method. We magnetically trap a mixture of

m
F

=
−
3

/

2
,
−
5

/

2

and

−
7

/

2

Zeeman states of the

F
=
7

/

2

hyperfine ground state confining

5
×

10
4

atoms with a lifetime of 0.6 s or

∼

10
3

atoms with a lifetime of 2.8 s—depending on whether the temperature of the potassium dispensers was chosen to maximize the atom number or the lifetime. The background pressure-limited lifetime of 0.6 s is a reasonable starting point for proof-of-principle experiments with atoms and/or molecules in optical tweezers as well as for sympathetic cooling with another species if transport to a secondary chamber is implemented. Our results show that unenriched potassium can be used to optimize experimental setups containing 40K in the initial stages of their construction, which can effectively extend the lifetime of enriched sources. Moreover, the demonstration of sub-Doppler cooling and magnetic trapping of a relatively small number of potassium atoms might influence experiments with laser-cooled radioactive isotopes of potassium.