bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upcycling Romaine lettuce outer leaves by infrared blanching and hot air drying
Authors: Avena‐Bustillos Roberto J. , Klausner Noah , Milczarek Rebecca , Alemán‐Hidalgo David M. , Terán‐Cabanillas Eli , Wang Hongye , Wang Luxin , McHugh Tara H. , Haff Ronald P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRomaine lettuce outer leaves, as opposed to the more commonly marketed heart, are typically discarded and present an opportunity for upcycling as dried powders. Duquesne Romaine lettuce was evaluated to quantify and compare quality attributes of fresh outer and heart leaves, dried powders following hot air drying, and dried powders following an infrared (IR) blanching pretreatment before drying. Attributes measured for fresh leaves included moisture, water activity (Aw), color, total soluble phenolics (TSP), and antioxidant capacity (AC). Drying kinetics and time/energy saving through IR blanching were evaluated. Attributes measured for dried powders included moisture, Aw, color, true density, water vapor isotherms, TSP, AC, cadmium (Cd) content, and pesticide residues. TSP, AC, Cd, and pesticide residues were higher, whereas moisture content and Aw were lower in fresh outer versus heart leaves. Hot air drying reduced TSP and AC to 63.6% and 35.2% of fresh values, respectively, whereas IR blanching further reduced TSP and AC to 37.3% and 25.4% in outer leave powders. On the other hand, TSP and AC increased 237% and 151%, respectively, for unblanched heart powders. Higher increase of TSP than AC in heart leaf powder may indicate synthesis of phenolic compounds activated by abiotic stresses such as cutting and high temperatures at the initial drying stage. IR blanching resulted in significant time/energy savings for drying of outer leaves. Microbial loads were substantially reduced during drying, although microbial population on outer leaves were more resistant. Safe to eat outer leaf Romaine lettuce powders can be produced, assuming appropriate agricultural practices.
One size fits all? The value of standardized retail chains
Authors: Klopack Ben 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMulti‐outlet firms, or chains, account for most US retail spending. This article quantifies the welfare and profit effects of standardized chains in the restaurant industry: chains face higher demand than independents, but are less flexible in customizing product selection or prices across locations. I find that on average chains could earn 19% higher variable profits if they could customize their product optimally, but they would lose 28% of their variable profits if they were to lose their demand advantages. Local policies that ban chains would decrease consumer welfare by 1.5% to 5.4% of restaurant spending and disproportionately impact lower income consumers.
Green Accolades and Oil‐Soaked Mermaids: A Sociology of Worth Perspective on BP's Sustainability Reporting and the Deepwater Horizon Disaster*
Authors: Popoola Oluwasegun , Maier Esther R. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTSustainability reporting was originally intended to improve accountability by providing more transparency around the ecological impact of organizational action. However, as sustainability reports are increasingly used as a tool for legitimacy and a source of information by financial stakeholders, environmental concerns are being framed in economic terms. This paper draws on Boltanski and Thévenot's (2006, On Justification: Economies of Worth, Princeton University Press) sociology of worth framework to explore how the prioritization of market values facilitates the disconnect between sustainability reporting and the environment. We use the Deepwater Horizon disaster as an extreme case to illustrate how the one‐sided “compromises” with market values subjugate the values associated with social and environmental stewardship. We suggest that the integration of different conceptions of the common good can provide a more nuanced understanding of the relations between economic and environmental values.
Spatially resolved transcriptome of the aging mouse brain
Authors: Wu Cheng , Tu Tianxiang , Xie Mingzhe , Wang Yiting , Yan Biao , Gong Yajun , Zhang Jiayi , Zhou Xiaolai , Xie Zhi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBrain aging is associated with cognitive decline, memory loss and many neurodegenerative disorders. The mammalian brain has distinct structural regions that perform specific functions. However, our understanding in gene expression and cell types within the context of the spatial organization of the mammalian aging brain is limited. Here we generated spatial transcriptomic maps of young and old mouse brains. We identified 27 distinguished brain spatial domains, including layer‐specific subregions that are difficult to dissect individually. We comprehensively characterized spatial‐specific changes in gene expression in the aging brain, particularly for isocortex, the hippocampal formation, brainstem and fiber tracts, and validated some gene expression differences by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. We identified aging‐related genes and pathways that vary in a coordinated manner across spatial regions and parsed the spatial features of aging‐related signals, providing important clues to understand genes with specific functions in different brain regions during aging. Combined with single‐cell transcriptomics data, we characterized the spatial distribution of brain cell types. The proportion of immature neurons decreased in the DG region with aging, indicating that the formation of new neurons is blocked. Finally, we detected changes in information interactions between regions and found specific pathways were deregulated with aging, including classic signaling WNT and layer‐specific signaling COLLAGEN. In summary, we established a spatial molecular atlas of the aging mouse brain (http://sysbio.gzzoc.com/Mouse‐Brain‐Aging/), which provides important resources and novel insights into the molecular mechanism of brain aging.
Systematic development and validation of a predictive model for major postoperative complications in the Peri‐operative Quality Improvement Project (PQIP) dataset
Authors: Oliver C. M. , Wagstaff D. , Bedford J. , Moonesinghe S. R. ,   the Peri‐operative Quality Improvement Project delivery team and collaborative
Published: February 2024

SummaryComplications are common following major surgery and are associated with increased use of healthcare resources, disability and mortality. Continued reliance on mortality estimates risks harming patients and health systems, but existing tools for predicting complications are unwieldy and inaccurate. We aimed to systematically construct an accurate pre‐operative model for predicting major postoperative complications; compare its performance against existing tools; and identify sources of inaccuracy in predictive models more generally. Complete patient records from the UK Peri‐operative Quality Improvement Programme dataset were analysed. Major complications were defined as Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ 2 for novel models. In a 75% train:25% test split cohort, we developed a pipeline of increasingly complex models, prioritising pre‐operative predictors using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operators (LASSO). We defined the best model in the training cohort by the lowest Akaike's information criterion, balancing accuracy and simplicity. Of the 24,983 included cases, 6389 (25.6%) patients developed major complications. Potentially modifiable risk factors (pain, reduced mobility and smoking) were retained. The best‐performing model was highly complex, specifying individual hospital complication rates and 11 patient covariates. This novel model showed substantially superior performance over generic and specific prediction models and scores. We have developed a novel complications model with good internal accuracy, re‐prioritised predictor variables and identified hospital‐level variation as an important, but overlooked, source of inaccuracy in existing tools. The complexity of the best‐performing model does, however, highlight the need for a step‐change in clinical risk prediction to automate the delivery of informative risk estimates in clinical systems.
Peri‐operative cardiac arrest in children as reported to the 7th National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists
Authors: Oglesby F. C. , Scholefield B. R. , Cook T. M. , Smith J. H. , Pappachan V. J. , Kane A. D. , Armstrong R. A. , Kursumovic E. , Soar J. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe 7th National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists studied peri‐operative cardiac arrest. An activity survey estimated UK paediatric anaesthesia annual caseload as 390,000 cases, 14% of the UK total. Paediatric peri‐operative cardiac arrests accounted for 104 (12%) reports giving an incidence of 3 in 10,000 anaesthetics (95%CI 2.2–3.3 per 10,000). The incidence of peri‐operative cardiac arrest was highest in neonates (27, 26%), infants (36, 35%) and children with congenital heart disease (44, 42%) and most reports were from tertiary centres (88, 85%). Frequent precipitants of cardiac arrest in non‐cardiac surgery included: severe hypoxaemia (20, 22%); bradycardia (10, 11%); and major haemorrhage (9, 8%). Cardiac tamponade and isolated severe hypotension featured prominently as causes of cardiac arrest in children undergoing cardiac surgery or cardiological procedures. Themes identified at review included: inappropriate choices and doses of anaesthetic drugs for intravenous induction; bradycardias associated with high concentrations of volatile anaesthetic agent or airway manipulation; use of atropine in the place of adrenaline; and inadequate monitoring. Overall quality of care was judged by the panel to be good in 64 (62%) cases, which compares favourably with adults (371, 52%). The study provides insight into paediatric anaesthetic practice, complications and peri‐operative cardiac arrest.
Rhinovirus‐induced wheeze was associated with asthma development in predisposed children
Authors: Holmdahl Idun , Lüning Sofia , Gerdin Sabina Wärnberg , Asarnoj Anna , Hoyer Angela , Filiou Anastasia , Sjölander Anders , James Anna , Borres Magnus P. , Hedlin Gunilla , van Hage Marianne , Söderhäll Cilla , Konradsen Jon R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThis study explored whether early‐life factors, such as rhinovirus‐induced wheeze and allergic sensitisation, were related to asthma at 11 years of age.MethodsWe focused on 107 children aged 6–48 months, who attended the paediatric emergency department at Astrid Lindgren's Children's Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, with acute wheeze in 2008–2012. They also attended follow‐up visits at 11 years of age and were compared with 46 age‐matched healthy controls. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with logistic regression.ResultsWe found that 62.6% of the acute wheeze cases had asthma at 11 years of age. Rhinoviruses at inclusion were the only common airway viruses associated with an increased asthma risk (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.02–5.6). Other increased risks were parental heredity for asthma and/or allergies (adjusted OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.1–9.9) and allergic sensitisation at 2 years of age (adjusted OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.02–8.7). The highest prevalence of asthma was when children had both rhinovirus‐induced wheeze at inclusion and allergic sensitisation at 7 years of age.ConclusionOur findings highlight the importance of hereditary factors and allergic sensitisation on the development of asthma and suggest that rhinoviruses are associated with asthma development in predisposed children.
Meta‐analysis: Risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Zamani Mohammad , Alizadeh‐Tabari Shaghayegh , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N. , Malekzadeh Reza , Talley Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryBackgroundStudies exploring the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and pancreatic cancer have reported inconsistent results.AimsTo provide a comprehensive overview of the risk of pancreatic cancer development in patients with IBD.MethodsWe searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest from inception to 31 October 2023. We included population‐based cohort studies examining the risk of incident pancreatic cancer in adult patients with IBD compared to the non‐IBD population. We also retrieved Mendelian randomisation (MR) studies investigating the relationship of IBD with pancreatic cancer risk. We conducted random‐effects meta‐analyses and provided pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsWe included 13 studies. Among 11 cohort studies, the risk of developing pancreatic cancer increased by 79% in patients with IBD (RR = 1.79 [95% CI: 1.16–2.75]; I2 = 95.7%). Patients either with Crohn's disease (RR = 1.42 [95% CI: 1.24–1.63]) or ulcerative colitis (RR = 1.50 [95% CI: 1.17–1.92]) had increased risk (p for interaction = 0.72). The annual incidence of pancreatic cancer potentially attributable to IBD increased by 55 cases (95% CI: 17–103) per million. Two MR studies demonstrated that genetic liability to IBD was associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer.ConclusionsOur results suggest a moderate increase in the risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with IBD, which may be further heightened by genetic predisposition to IBD. The increased risk of pancreatic cancer is probably similar in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Retrospective assessment of ophthalmic disease development in domestic dogs and cats when hospitalised with tick paralysis caused by Ixodes holocyclus
Authors: Reynolds BD , Perry E , Nagel HG , Whittaker CJ , Caruso KA , Annear MJ , Irving WM , McCarthy PM , Dion A , Yi JM‐S , Hall E , Smith JS 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and predisposing factors leading to the development of corneal ulcers and the loss of a palpebral reflex in hospitalised canine and feline patients with tick paralysis (TP).Animals studiedA total of 102 dogs and 100 cats retrospectively were assessed from previously hospitalised patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed on 102 different canine and 100 different feline patients who were hospitalised for TP from October 2020–January 2022. Patient data were collected, and logistic regression was conducted to determine factors affecting the palpebral reflex and the development of corneal ulcers.ResultsCorneal ulcers occurred in 23/102 (22.5%) dogs during hospitalisation and were strongly associated with an incomplete palpebral reflex ipsilaterally during hospitalisation (P < 0.001), hospitalisation ≥3 days (P = 0.004), mechanical ventilation ≥3 days (P = 0.015) or a tick location cranial to C1 (P = 0.003). An incomplete palpebral reflex during hospitalisation was observed in 29/102 (28.4%) dogs and was significantly associated with decreasing patient weight (P = 0.018), increasing days hospitalised (P = 0.001), having a tick found cranial to C1 (P = 0.004), highest recorded GP grade (P = 0.01), highest recorded RP grade (P = 0.005), use of amoxycillin‐clavulanic acid during hospitalisation (P = 0.002) and use of piperacillin/tazobactam during hospitalisation (P = 0.003). There was a significant association between the loss of a complete palpebral reflex and mortality during hospitalisation in dogs (OR = 4.5, P = 0.029).Corneal ulcers occurred in 10/100 (10.0%) cats during hospitalisation, and was significantly more likely to occur to an eye if an incomplete palpebral reflex was observed ipsilaterally during hospitalisation (OR = 20.1, P < 0.0001) and with increasing patient age (P = 0.019). The absence of a complete palpebral reflex during hospitalisation was observed in 18/10 (18.0%) cats and was significantly associated with increasing days hospitalised (P = 0.034). There was no significant association between the loss of a complete palpebral reflex and mortality during hospitalisation in cats.ConclusionsThe frequency of corneal ulcers and loss of palpebral reflexes were significant in dogs and cats hospitalised by TP, with many factors contributing to the risk of these developing.
Historic deforestation and non‐native plant invasions determine vegetation trajectories across an oceanic archipelago
Authors: Ohashi Haruka , Kato Hitoshi , Murao Mina , Kato Hidetoshi , Kawakami Kazuto , Kurokawa Hiroko , Oguro Michio , Kimura Fuku , Niiyama Kaoru , Matsui Tetsuya , Shibata Mitsue 
Published: February 2024

AbstractQuestionsOceanic islands are global hotspots of endemism and evolutionary radiations but many have been severely degraded by human activities and biological invasions. We evaluated the pace and direction of the natural recovery of ecosystems over 77 years across a subtropical oceanic archipelago including islands of various size, elevation, histories of human settlement and deforestation, and invasions by non‐native plants and mammals. This information is essential to guide the ecological restoration of the archipelago.LocationForest vegetation on nine of the Ogasawara Islands in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.MethodsWe first digitized historical vegetation data of the Ogasawara Islands collected during field surveys in 1935. Then, after checking their species compositions, we integrated past and present plant community types. Finally, we identified the landscape‐scale changes in forest vegetation by comparing vegetation maps from 1935, 1979 and 2012.ResultsOver 77 years, the vegetation trajectories of each island varied depending on the introduction of invasive alien species and the remaining proportion of native forest, the latter of which had a strong influence on the recoverability of native forest.ConclusionsOur results highlight the importance of the history of invasive species introductions and the remaining proportion of native forest—both of which reflect the intensity of anthropogenic disturbance—in determining the degree of human intervention needed for restoration on oceanic islands.
Quality indicators for appropriate in‐hospital pharmacotherapeutic stewardship: An international modified Delphi study
Authors: Mahomedradja Rashudy F. , Tichelaar Jelle , Mokkink Lidwine B. , Sigaloff Kim C. E. , van Agtmael Michiel A. 
Published: February 2024

AimsIn‐hospital prescribing errors may result in patient harm, such as prolonged hospitalisation and hospital (re)admission, and may be an emotional burden for the prescribers and healthcare professionals involved. Despite efforts, in‐hospital prescribing errors and related harm still occur, necessitating an innovative approach. We therefore propose a novel approach, in‐hospital pharmacotherapeutic stewardship (IPS). The aim of this study was to reach consensus on a set of quality indicators (QIs) as a basis for IPS.MethodsA three‐round modified Delphi procedure was performed. Potential QIs were retrieved from two systematic searches of the literature, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) statement. In two written questionnaires and a focus meeting (held between the written questionnaire rounds), potential QIs were appraised by an international, multidisciplinary expert panel composed of members of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (EACPT).ResultsThe expert panel rated 59 QIs and four general statements, of which 35 QIs were accepted with consensus rates ranging between 79% and 97%. These QIs describe the activities of an IPS programme, the team delivering IPS, the patients eligible for the programme and the outcome measures that should be used to evaluate the care delivered.ConclusionsA framework of 35 QIs for an IPS programme was systematically developed. These QIs can guide hospitals in setting up a pharmacotherapeutic stewardship programme to reduce in‐hospital prescribing errors and improve in‐hospital medication safety.
Monetary wisdom: Can yoking religiosity (God) and the love of money (mammon) in performance and humane contexts inspire honesty? The Matthew Effect in Religion
Authors: Chen Yuh‐Jia , Lee Velma , Tang Thomas Li‐Ping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReligion inspires honesty. The love of money incites dishonesty. Religious and monetary values apply to all religions. We develop a formative theoretical model of monetary wisdom, treat religiosity (God) and the love of money (mammon), as two yoked antecedents—competing moral issues (Time 1), and frame the latent construct in good barrels (performance or humane contexts, Time 2), which leads to (dis)honesty (Time 3). We explore the direct and indirect paths and the model across genders. Our three‐wave panel data (411 participants) show that religious and monetary values are negatively correlated. Directly, religiosity consistently curbs dishonesty; surprisingly, the love of money has no impact on dishonesty. In the performance context, the two mediation effects reduce dishonesty. Across genders, this mediation effect is nonsignificant for males but significantly excites females' honesty. In the humane context, the two mediation effects are nonsignificant. Across genders, for the love of money, males passively curb dishonesty by omission, and females actively engage in honesty by commission. Decision‐makers must challenge people's moral issues, frame them in good barrels, and help people become good apples, choice architects, and moral and ethical decision‐makers, promoting the Matthew effect in religion. We offer practical implications to individuals and organizations.
Adolescence, migration, music and psychoanalytic tools into play
Authors: Carnevali Cinzia , Ravaioli Laura , Vandi Gabriella 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this article, the authors aim to exemplify how psychoanalysis can apply to the community partially modifying its external setting, such as opening to group settings and including arts and music, while remaining firm in some structural tools, such as psychoanalytical observation and listening, play and attention to the intrapsychic dynamics of participants, including the psychoanalysts and their countertransference. They illustrate the experience of some projects, in particular one carried out for 3 years and ongoing, where young migrants, hosted in Refugee Shelters, meet Italian students in Secondary Schools. This article also describes the value of Music as an element of ‘psychoanalytic play’, establishing intrapsychic and interpersonal links.
Cross‐individual cancer transmission to children during the gestational and perinatal periods
Authors: Arakawa Ayumu , Tao Kayoko , Kohno Takashi , Ogawa Chitose 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCancer transmission may rarely occur between individuals. Besides through allogenic transplantation, cancer transmission via the hemochorial placenta, which is permissive for cell traffic, has been described in a few reports. Three etiologies of transplacental cancer transmission include (1) maternofetal transmission of maternal cancer cells, (2) transmission of gestational choriocarcinoma to the fetus, and (3) transfer of preleukemic cells from one monozygotic twin to the other. Additionally, we recently reported two pediatric cases of lung tumors in which the lung‐only distribution of tumors and genomic profiling of both the child's and mother's tumor samples suggested the airway/transbronchial transmission of maternal cervical cancer cells to the child by aspiration at birth. The immune system coordinates the hemostatic balance between effector and regulatory immunity, especially during fetal development. The immunoregulatory properties are shared in both physiological pregnancy‐related and pathological cancer‐related conditions. Mechanistically, the survival and colonization of transmitted cancer cells within a child are likely attributed to a combination of the child's immune tolerance and the cancer's immune escape. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of gestational/perinatal cancer transmission and discuss the possible mechanism‐based immunotherapy for this rare form of pediatric cancer.