bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Menstrual Patterns Associated with the Body Mass Index of University Students? A Descriptive Study in Mangalore, Karnataka, India
Authors: Banu Asiya , K. Aswathi U. , K. Athul , Mathew Athulya , Mathew Shycil , GR Gireesh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Menstrual cycle irregularities and anovulation have been found to occur with increased frequency in women who deviate considerably from normal weight. Ovulation abnormalities may also be caused by fluctuations in weight, such as being overweight, obese, or underweight, which are hypothesized to disrupt the energy balance.
Objectives The aim of this study was to find out the association between menstrual patterns and body mass index (BMI) among students of selected health science university.
Materials and Methods A descriptive research study was conducted among 222 university students at a selected health science university in Mangalore. The samples were selected by using simple random sampling techniques. A demographic proforma, self-reported menstrual pattern questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements like height and weight were measured. BMI was calculated by using the standardized formula, BMI= (weight [kg]/height [m2]) by the World Health Organization for the Asian population based on the revised consensus guidelines for India. Students who are aged between 17 and 25 years, unmarried female students who are studying under Yenepoya (deemed to be university), attained menarche, and who are willing to participate in the study were included in the study.
Results From this study, it can be considered that the mean age of menarche was 12.49 ± 0.51years. Most 68.5% students reported dysmenorrhea. It is the most common menstrual disorder among our study subjects. Of the total subjects, 38.3% cases had oligomenorrhea, which was the next most common menstrual disorder. The majority of the subjects has a normal BMI, with a mean of 21.02 kg/m2. There is a significant association between dysmenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, and polymenorrhagia with BMI status of university students at 0.05 level significance.
Conclusion Lifestyle modification and nutritional counselling for female students could alleviate menstrual problems. It will not only improve the girls' current health, sense of well-being, and overall quality of life but may also lower her risks for future disease and ill health after proper advice about diet and exercise. Menstrual irregularities are mostly neglected by the society due to unawareness regarding the irregular menstrual pattern and their problems.
Silicon oxide film formation by spraying tetraethyl orthosilicate onto substrate with simultaneous low-energy SiO+ ion-beam irradiation
Authors: Yoshimura Satoru , Sugimoto Satoshi , Takeuchi Takae , Murai Kensuke , Kiuchi Masato 
Published: November 2023

We attempted to deposit silicon oxide films by spraying tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) onto a substrate while the substrate was also irradiated with a low-energy SiO+ ion beam. The energy of the SiO+ ions was 55 eV, and the substrate temperature was 300 °C. Following this process, we were able to deposit a film on the substrate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements of the film showed that it was composed of silicon oxide. XPS analysis also showed that the oxygen-to-silicon atomic concentration ratio (O/Si ratio) for the film was 1.57. For comparison, an SiO+ ion beam was used to irradiate a substrate at room temperature with simultaneous spraying of TEOS. XPS analysis of the deposited film showed that it was silicon oxide with an O/Si ratio of 1.45. In this case, however, a relatively large number of carbon atoms (7 at. %) were incorporated into the film. In both the 300 °C and room-temperature cases, we confirmed that the film deposition rate was substantially improved by supplying TEOS during SiO+ ion-beam irradiation.
Metaphor as a key tool in personal development discourse
Authors: Megaptche Yvan Rudhel Megaptche , Ramanantsoa Iarimalala Jenny 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In recent years, personal development has driven increasing interest, and the study of metaphor has expanded to
various discourse types. This study aims to explore the metaphors in personal development discourse and determine their
schematicity hierarchies, using Carol Dweck’s (2016) book Mindset: The New
Psychology of Success as a case study. Metaphor Identification Procedure VU (Steen et al., 2010) is used to identify metaphors in the book and Zoltan
Kövecses’s (2020) Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory is used to establish the relationship between the metaphors
identified and primary metaphors. The findings show that topics such as mindset, growth mindset, fixed mindset, success, and
failure instantiate correlation and resemblance metaphors. In addition, all the correlation-based metaphors identified in the
corpus possess full schematic hierarchies. It entails that they all consist of image schema, domain, frame and mental space
levels. Moreover, the findings reveal that in different metaphorical expressions, the same image schema-level metaphor is likely
to activate different domain, frame and mental space-level metaphors. Finally, some image schema-level metaphors share the same
domain-level metaphor in different schematicity hierarchies, whereas others activate different domain-level metaphors in different
schematicity hierarchies.
Selective area growth of in-plane InAs nanowires and nanowire networks on Si substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy
Authors: Liu Lei , Wen Lianjun , He Fengyue , Zhuo Ran , Pan Dong , Zhao Jianhua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In-plane InAs nanowires and nanowire networks show great potential to be used as building blocks for electronic, optoelectronic and topological quantum devices, and all these applications are keen to grow the InAs materials directly on Si substrates since it may enable nanowire electronic and quantum devices with seamless integration with Si platform. However, almost all the in-plane InAs nanowires and nanowire networks have been realized on substrates of III–V semiconductors. Here, we demonstrate the selective area epitaxial growth of in-plane InAs nanowires and nanowire networks on Si substrates. We find that the selectivity of InAs growth on Si substrates is mainly dependent on the growth temperature, while the morphology of InAs nanowires is closely related to the V/III flux ratio. We examine the cross-sectional shapes and facets of the InAs nanowires grown along the 〈110〉, 〈100〉 and 〈112〉 orientations. Thanks to the non-polar characteristics of Si substrates, the InAs nanowires and nanowire networks exhibit superior symmetry compared to that grown on III–V substrates. The InAs nanowires and nanowire networks are zinc-blende (ZB) crystals, but there are many defects in the nanowires, such as stacking faults, twins and grain boundaries. The crystal quality of InAs nanowires and nanowire networks can be improved by increasing the growth temperature within the growth temperature window. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of selective area epitaxial growth of in-plane InAs nanowires and nanowire networks on Si substrates.
Synergistic anti-wear performance of zinc-rich epoxy coating on shot peening strengthened Q345 steel
Authors: Lin Bo , Zhang Li , Cai Meng , Lu Jingfen , Yin Jianing , Huang Yu , Zhang Yihan , Fan Xiaoqiang , Zhu Minhao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The synergy of tribology design and surface engineering is vitally important for fulfilling the long-term anti-wear requirements of mechanical equipment. Here, Q345 steel was processed by shot peening (SP) for forming a volcano-like hardened layer (77.72 HV) with high surface roughness (3.77 μm) and low residual tensile stress (210.75 MPa). Then, a zinc-rich epoxy coating was painted on SP-strengthened Q345 steel to construct the double-layer protection. The double-layer system shows excellent tribological behaviors, especially wear resistance being reduced by 76.50% and 38.75%, respectively, with Q345 steel and that sprayed by epoxy coating as a comparison. Crucially, SP layer plays a role in mechanical support, while epoxy coating acts as a cushion to friction force, thus achieving the synergy for enhancing the anti-friction/wear abilities.
Long-term water temperature changes in Seneca Lake and their nexus to climate change and human activities
Authors: Lan Xin , Luo Lifeng , Xu Zhicheng , Qiu Yuean , Yu Xiang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
While many freshwater lakes have witnessed a rapid increase in surface water temperatures, the trends in subsurface water temperatures are not well-understood. This study explored the long-term subsurface water temperature change and its connection to climate change and human activities in Seneca Lake. Utilizing linear regression and the Theil-Sen estimator, the study identified a significant monotonic temperature trend in the subsurface water. Principal component and contribution analyses revealed that climate changes, particularly air warming, were more critical in explaining water temperature patterns, and human activities such as land cover change could exacerbate the impact of climate change. Using remotely sensed surface water temperature data, the study found a significant positive correlation between thermal pollution and water temperatures in the northern region of the lake, and after incorporating control variables, the regression analysis suggested that the adverse effects of thermal pollution are primarily confined to the area adjacent to the power plant. This research can offer fresh insights into lake ecology improvement and management strategies.
Evolution of humus dynamics in composting of swine manure combined with wood vinegar
Authors: Fu Xuehan , Guo Xiaojun , Liu Long , Fu Qiao , Zhou Ling 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aerobic composting was carried out in a greenhouse using home-made compost bins, and the changes in humus(HS) composition of composted manure with different proportions of wood vinegar(WV) added to pig manure and rice straw as raw materials were studied. Since the temperature, water content and pH were very different from those of the summer compost, they were used as basic evaluation indices of compost maturity. Rice straw(RS) and Swine manure (SM) were used as test materials, and the water-soluble carbon (CWSS), extractable humic carbon (CHE), humic carbon (CHA), humic carbon (CFA) and humic carbon (CHU) of the materials were investigated, and the humus decomposition coefficients were dynamically analyzed. The findings demonstrated that 1.25% and 1.75% wood vinegar affect humification. Meanwhile, the results of Ratio of absorbance of water-soluble organic substances at 465 and 665 under UV spectrophotometer (E4/E6) indicated that the aromatic ring of 1.75% WV solution was more stable after condensation, and the decomposition of hominin as a HS stabilizing component was more complete at the concentration of 1.75%. Consequently, this study revealed that WV at a concentration of 1.75% was more efficient in stimulating pile decomposition in cold conditions.
Research on public participation in environmental litigation: empirical evidence in China
Authors: Zhang Lisha , Yue Mingyang , Wang Song , Wan Yuting , Qu Lingfei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In severe environmental situation, public participation in environmental litigation is an effective way to enhance environmental governance. To promote public participation in environmental litigation, this study uses the research data in China to analyze the influence of legalization level and public trust in government environmental protection on public participation in environmental litigation, and explores the path to improve the legalization level and public trust. The results show that illegal intervention, the difficulty in filing a case, the economic and time cost, the execution situation, and public trust significantly affect the enthusiasm for public participation in environmental litigation, and there is a positive interaction between the legalization level and public trust. In terms of the improvement path, the establishment of environmental courts and government accountability systems promote public participation in environmental litigation. The policy implications are that the public should be guided to actively participate in environmental litigation by promoting the legalization level, improving public trust in government environmental protection, and perfecting the environmental court system and environmental accountability mechanism, which could be helpful for environmental governance.
Stress-induced changes in photosynthesis and proximal fluorescence emission of turfgrass
Authors: Jones Taylor S , Logan Barry A , Reblin Jaret S , Bombard David M , Ross Benjamin P , Allen David W , Marrs Julia K , Hutyra Lucy R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Remote measurements of solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) are now widely used to model gross primary productivity (GPP). However, the ability of SIF to track GPP in different environments, conditions, and at different scales remains uncertain. We designed an experiment to measure SIF and photosynthesis while inducing plant stress in replicated turfgrass. Immediately following application of abscisic acid (ABA), treated grasses experienced a 75% decrease in photosynthesis and an 18% decline in SIFyield, with evidence of alterations in energy partitioning. Withholding water resulted in slower photosynthetic inhibition of lower magnitude, with full recovery upon rewatering. In both treatments, reductions in SIF co-occurred with reductions in canopy greenness. However, we did not observe a relationship between the SIF and near-infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRv) responses to our treatments in turfgrass. The response differences between treatments highlight the nuances of using SIF as a proxy for GPP.
Impact of renewable energy technology innovation on green industrial structure upgrading: evidence from 284 cities in China
Authors: Zheng Zhonghai , Lin Boqiang , Ye Nan , Zheng Chaofeng , Xie Yongjing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Renewable energy technology innovation (RETI) and green industrial structure upgrading (GISU) are crucial pathways for China’s pursuit of sustainable development. Despite the existing research separately emphasizing the importance of RETI and GISU, there are limited investigations into the role of RETI in facilitating the process of GISU, especially in terms of empirical evidence at the urban level. This study utilizes data from 284 cities in China from 2006 to 2020 to investigate the impact of RETI on GISU. Our research findings reveal a positive association between RETI and GISU. Specifically, increasing 1 unit of RETI can promote GISU by 0.19 units. Moreover, we identify that environmental regulations, green finance, and human capital strengthen RETI’s stimulating effect on GISU. Notably, the study highlights that the positive influence of RETI on GISU is especially prominent in economically developed cities with a conducive innovation environment and those facing severe pollution challenges.
Lifetime engineering of bioelectronic implants with mechanically reliable thin film encapsulations
Authors: Niemiec Martin , Kim Kyungjin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhile the importance of thin form factor and mechanical tissue biocompatibility has been made clear for next generation bioelectronic implants, material systems meeting these criteria still have not demonstrated sufficient long-term durability. This review provides an update on the materials used in modern bioelectronic implants as substrates and protective encapsulations, with a particular focus on flexible and conformable devices. We review how thin film encapsulations are known to fail due to mechanical stresses and environmental surroundings under processing and operating conditions. This information is then reflected in recommending state-of-the-art encapsulation strategies for designing mechanically reliable thin film bioelectronic interfaces. Finally, we assess the methods used to evaluate novel bioelectronic implant devices and the current state of their longevity based on encapsulation and substrate materials. We also provide insights for future testing to engineer long-lived bioelectronic implants more effectively and to make implantable bioelectronics a viable option for chronic diseases in accordance with each patient’s therapeutic timescale.
Radiofrequency Microneedling: Technology, Devices, and Indications in the Modern Plastic Surgery Practice
Authors: Shauly Orr , Marxen Troy , Menon Ambika , Gould Daniel J , Miller Leonard B , Losken Albert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Since the initial invention of microneedling, advancements have been made to improve the desired effects. The addition of radiofrequency to microneedling devices was developed within the past decade as a way to induce thermal injury and increase dermal heating to enhance the dermal wound healing cascade.

Objectives
With an overabundance of literature and mainstream media focused on microneedling and radiofrequency microneedling, this review aims to focus on the available high-quality evidence.

Methods
A comprehensive review of the literature was performed across PubMed (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) and Embase (Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) databases. Attention was focused on manuscripts that provided objective data with respect to clinical application, innovation, anatomy, and physiology.

Results
Optimal outcomes are achieved when needle depth is targeted to the reticular dermis. Needle depth should reflect the relative differences in epidermal and dermal thickness throughout the face. A depth of at least 1.5 mm should be used for the forehead and temporal skin, 1.0 mm for the malar region, 2.0 mm (maximum depth for radiofrequency microneedling) for the nasal side walls, 0.5 mm for the perioral skin, and 1.5 mm for the neck. Deeper settings can be used with care to provide some fat reduction in the submentum.

Conclusions
The authors find herein that radiofrequency microneedling is a safe adjunctive tool to surgical aesthetic procedures. The addition of radiofrequency poses an advance over traditional microneedling devices for skin tightening, with improvements in both safety and efficacy over time.

Level of Evidence: 5
A comparison of structural morphometry in children and adults with persistent developmental stuttering
Authors: Miller Hilary E , Garnett Emily O , Heller Murray Elizabeth S , Nieto-Castañón Alfonso , Tourville Jason A , Chang Soo-Eun , Guenther Frank H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to differentiate earlier occurring neuroanatomical differences that may reflect core deficits in stuttering versus changes associated with a longer duration of stuttering by analysing structural morphometry in a large sample of children and adults who stutter and age-matched controls. Whole-brain T1-weighted structural scans were obtained from 166 individuals who stutter (74 children, 92 adults; ages 3–58) and 191 controls (92 children, 99 adults; ages 3–53) from eight prior studies in our laboratories. Mean size and gyrification measures were extracted using FreeSurfer software for each cortical region of interest. FreeSurfer software was also used to generate subcortical volumes for regions in the automatic subcortical segmentation. For cortical analyses, separate ANOVA analyses of size (surface area, cortical thickness) and gyrification (local gyrification index) measures were conducted to test for a main effect of diagnosis (stuttering, control) and the interaction of diagnosis-group with age-group (children, adults) across cortical regions. Cortical analyses were first conducted across a set of regions that comprise the speech network and then in a second whole-brain analysis. Next, separate ANOVA analyses of volume were conducted across subcortical regions in each hemisphere. False discovery rate corrections were applied for all analyses. Additionally, we tested for correlations between structural morphometry and stuttering severity. Analyses revealed thinner cortex in children who stutter compared with controls in several key speech-planning regions, with significant correlations between cortical thickness and stuttering severity. These differences in cortical size were not present in adults who stutter, who instead showed reduced gyrification in the right inferior frontal gyrus. Findings suggest that early cortical anomalies in key speech planning regions may be associated with stuttering onset. Persistent stuttering into adulthood may result from network-level dysfunction instead of focal differences in cortical morphometry. Adults who stutter may also have a more heterogeneous neural presentation than children who stutter due to their unique lived experiences.
Impaired discourse content in aphasia is associated with frontal white matter damage
Authors: Ding Junhua , Middleton Erica L , Mirman Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aphasia is a common consequence of stroke with severe impacts on employability, social interactions and quality of life. Producing discourse-relevant information in a real-world setting is the most important aspect of recovery because it is critical to successful communication. This study sought to identify the lesion correlates of impaired production of relevant information in spoken discourse in a large, unselected sample of participants with post-stroke aphasia. Spoken discourse (n = 80) and structural brain scans (n = 66) from participants with aphasia following left hemisphere stroke were analysed. Each participant provided 10 samples of spoken discourse elicited in three different genres, and ‘correct information unit’ analysis was used to quantify the informativeness of speech samples. The lesion correlates were identified using multivariate lesion–symptom mapping, voxel-wise disconnection and tract-wise analyses. Amount and speed of relevant information were highly correlated across different genres and with total lesion size. The analyses of lesion correlates converged on the same pattern: impaired production of relevant information was associated with damage to anterior dorsal white matter pathways, specifically the arcuate fasciculus, frontal aslant tract and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Damage to these pathways may be a useful biomarker for impaired informative spoken discourse and informs development of neurorehabilitation strategies.
Ketogenic metabolic therapy for chronic kidney disease – the pro part
Authors: Weimbs Thomas , Saville Jessianna , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Ketogenic metabolic therapy (KMT) is a medical nutrition therapy to address certain health and disease conditions. It is increasingly used for many non-communicable diseases that are rooted in abnormal metabolic health. Since chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly caused by overnutrition leading to hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus, the carbohydrate restriction inherent in KMT may offer a therapeutic option. Numerous studies have found that various forms of KMT are safe for individuals with CKD and may lead to improvement of renal function. This is in contrast to the current standard pharmacological approach to CKD that only slows the relentless progression towards renal failure. Kidney care providers, including physicians and dietitians, are usually not aware of non-standard dietary interventions, including KMT, and often criticize KMT due to common misconceptions and uncertainty about the underlying science, including the common misconception that KMT must involve high protein or meat consumption. This review article discusses the rationales for using KMT, including plant-dominant KMT, for treatment of CKD, clarifies common misconceptions, summarizes the results of clinical studies and discusses why KMT is emerging as an effective medical nutrition therapy (MNT) to consider for patients with kidney disease. KMT, including its plant-dominant versions, can expand a practitioner's kidney health toolbox and will likely become a first-line therapy for CKD in certain CKD-associated conditions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome and polycystic kidney disease.