bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of carbon loss related to Soil loss in the tropical watershed of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Shelar Rahul , Nandgude Sachin B. , Atre Atul A. , Gorantiwar Sunil D. , Durgude Anil G. , Patil Mahesh R. 
Published: December 2023

Soil carbon pools have a significant impact on the global carbon cycle and soil erosion caused by natural or human activities is one of the main drivers of changes in soil carbon sequestration. The present study aimed to estimate the carbon loss associated with soil loss in the watershed using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The study was carried out at the Central MPKV Campus Watershed, Rahuri, located in the rain shadow region of the Maharashtra state, India. The soil loss from the watershed was estimated using USLE model. The soil loss and carbon loss from the watershed were estimated before the implementation of conservation measures and after the implementation of conservation measures. It was found that the average annual soil loss from the watershed before and after conservation measures was 18.68 t/ha/yr and 9.41 t/ha/yr, respectively. Carbon loss was determined by soil loss rate, organic carbon content and the carbon enrichment ratio. The carbon loss from the watershed before and after conservation measures was 348.71 kgC/ha/yr and 205.52 kgC/ha/yr. The findings revealed that soil and carbon erosion was very severe on steep slopes without conservation measures and with limited vegetation cover. It was found that by reducing the carbon loss associated with soil loss, soil conservation measures not only aid in the conservation of natural resources but also serve as a climate change mitigation measure.
Detection of fumonisin among different strains of Fusarium spp. associated with bakanae disease of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using molecular markers
Authors: Singh Vikram , Ashwani Kumar  , Promil Kapoor  , Mahaveer Singh Bochalya  
Published: December 2023

Bakanae disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi of basmati rice causes huge economic losses varying with varieties produced, with a frequency of 3.0-95.4%. The Fusarium spp. associated with bakanae disease produce fumonisins, a group of structurally similar sphingosine analogue mycotoxins, among which Fumonisin B1 is the most prevalent and active (FB1). The worst harm to both people and animal wellbeing is created by fumonisins, which infect feed and food sources. IARC, a global organization dedicated to cancer research, classified FB1 as a potential causing human cancer (Group 2B). Altogether 26 strains of Fusarium spp. from bakanae infected samples of various popular basmati rice varieties collected from Hisar, Jind, Fatehabad, Bhiwani, Sirsa, Panipat, Sonipat, Karnal, Yamunanagar, Kaithal and Kurukshetra (eleven) districts of Haryana state. Two specific primers namely VERTF and polyketide synthase (PKS) (involved in fumonisin biosynthesis) FUM (rp 32 and rp 33) were utilized in this investigation to differentiation between fumonisin-producing and non-producing strains employing PCR technique. Twenty-two strains were significant for the VERTF primer and showed the capacity to generate fumonisin, while four isolates evaluated negative for both primers. The FUM specific primer displayed positive respose only in nine strains and rest were negative. The present study provides a rapid and specific method that helped in accurate differentiation between fumonisin-producing and non-producing strains.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Matematika Dengan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis
Authors: Ayu Diah , Damanik Adelia Septia , Rangkuti Siti Asiah , Sari Rina , Rizqi Nur Rahmi 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran pokok bahasan Aljabar berorientasi problem Based Learning berupa Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Â yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Pengembangannya mengikuti 10 langkah pelaksanaan strategi penelitian dan pengembangan, yaitu: (1) Pengumpulan Informasi (Research and information collecting), (2) Perencanaan (Planning), (3) Pengembangan desain/draf produk awal (Develop preliminary form of product), (4) Uji coba lapangan awal (Preliminary field testing), (5) Revisi hasil uji coba lapangan awal (Main productrevision), (6) Uji lapangan (Main field testing), (7) Penyempurnaan produk hasil uji lapangan (Operasional product revision), (8) Uji lapanganoperasional (Operasional field testing), (9) Penyempurnaanprodukakhir (Final productrevision), (10) Diseminasi dan implementasi (Dissemination and implementation).Â Subjek yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa x-2 SMA Nusantara Lubuk Pakam. Produk yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi aspek validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan. Karakteristik dari perangkat pembelajaran yang dihasilkan adalah LKPD dominan memuat persoalan yangberhubungan dengan praktik, menuntun siswa dalam melakukan penyelidikan dalamrangka menemukan dan membangun konsep, prinsif, maupun formula, saranapelaksanaan ekslporasi, elaborasi, dan konfirmasi dalam pembelajaran.
PEMBELAJARAN NAHWU DENGAN LAGU DI MADRASAH DARUL HIKMAH LOMBOK
Authors: Anwar M Syahrul , Adama Habibia , Muassomah Muassomah , Ahmad Opier Ulfa Mawaddah 
Published: December 2023

Metode pembelajaran yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran nahwu hendaklah tidak monoton dan tidak mengesankan nahwu itu sulit dan membosankan seperti yang terjadi di Madrasah Darul Hikmah Darek Lombok Tengah, tetapi guru hendaklah kreatif inovatif memakai metode yang mudah dan menyenangkan pada saat proses pembelajaran nahwu . Dari pemaparan di atas peneliti tertarik untuk menerapkan salah satu metode yang bisa mengobati kesulitan-kesulitan atau masalah- masalah dalam pembelajaran nahwu yaitu dengan metode media lagu. Dengan demikian dua masalah dirumuskan 1) bagaimana proses pembelajaran nahwu menggunakan metode lagu di kelas XI madrasah Darul Hikmah Darek Lombok Tengah. 2) bagaimana respond peserta didik terhadap pembelajaran nahwu dengan lagu di kelas XI madrasah Darul Hikmah Darek Lombok Tengah. Desain penelitian yang digunakan peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif bersifat deskriptif, Selanjutnya terkait teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi dan angket. Hasil dari penelitian pembelajaran nahwu dengan lagu di madrasah Darul Hikmah Darek Lombok Tengah yaitu: 1) proses pembelajaran nahwu dengan lagu yaitu: a) penyampaian materi, b) guru mereview, c) guru menulis lirik, d) guru melagukan, e) melagukan Bersama, f) siswa mencatat, g) melagukan ke depan (perorangan), dan yang terakhir evaluasi. 2) respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran nahwu dengan lagu yaitu: lebih menyenangkan, lebih ceria, lebih aktif, lebih percaya diri, cepat memahami, dan cepet menghafal kaidah nahwu.
PENGUJIAN KESADARAN MEREK DAN SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN
Authors: Kusumah Rizky , Aprillia Ariesya 
Published: December 2023

Menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh kesadaran merek dan sosial media marketing terhadap keputusan pembelian adalah tujuan penelitian ini. Toko Kusumah Parfume sebagai objek penelitian, dengan jumlah responden 250 orang yang pernah berbelanja online di Toko Kusumah Parfume dalam 24 bulan terakhir. Pengujian dilakukan dengan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda dan juga dilakukan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, dan uji asumsi klasik. Secara parsial penelitian ini menujukkan bawa kesadaran merek tidak berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian, social media marketing berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap keputusan pembelian, serta kesadaran merek dan social media marketing berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap keputusan pembelian.
PERILAKU SEKS PRANIKAH SISWA SMA DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Sundari Menik , Taqwa Ridhah , Yunindyawati Yunindyawati 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan adanya fenomena seks pranikah yang terjadi pada siswa SMA di Kota Palembang, saat ini banyak siswa SMA yang sudah mulai tertarik dengan lawan jenisnya, bahkan tidak sedikit dari mereka yang berpacaran dan melakukan prilaku seksual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tentang tindakan atau prilaku seks pranikah dari kalangan siswa SMA di Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Fenomenologi Edmund Husserl. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan unit analisis data yakn siswa SM di Kota Palembang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observsi wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakangi siswa SMA di Kota Palembang melakukan hubungan seks pranikah dikarenakan beberapa faktor yakni pertama faktor internal yaitu faktor yang berasal dari siswa itu sendiri seperti kelemahan mengendalikan suatu dorongan serta kecenderungannya, kegagalan baik dalam pergaulan maupun prestasi belajar disekolah. Kedua faktor eksternal yaitu faktor yang berasal dari diri anak itu sendiri atau dari lingkungannya seperti lingkungan keluarg, linngkungan masyarakat, serta perkembangan teknologi.
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension In Congenital Heart Disease Could it be Normalized ? 11 years prospective study (2010-2021)
Authors: Feituri Rasmia H. , El maadani Mariam , El Megasbi Hanan , Khazmi Amal Khazmi , Nabous Ibrahim 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To recognize the effect of early surgical intervention in congenital heart in improving pulmonary hypertension, and to show the result of using medication in decreasing pulmonary hypertension Background : Pulmonary hypertension is defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure ≥25 mmgh .in congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD)it is caused by pulmonary overcirculation, pulmonary vasoconstriction, and pulmonary vascular disease, either alone or in combination. Design prospective clinical trial study with follow up. Setting: Al-Hawary General Hospital, National Benghazi Cardiac Center. Methods: 68 patients have been seen with pulmonary hypertension due to congenital heart disease in the period from 6/2010- 6/2021, Age: from 6 months to 40 years old, We exclude 4 patients with primary pulmonary hypertension, we used clinical criteria, echocardiogram, and cardiac catheterization. Follow up method: period 3 months – 11 years, 4/68 patients lost their contact, we divide the other 64 patients into two the groups; Group 1 (n= 34) <2 years old , Group 2 (n= 30) >2 years old. Results: Gender: F: M ratio is approximately 1.3 :1. The type of congenital heart disease was in (48.5%)of patients VSD, in (28%) AVC, (8.5%)ASD, (4.5%) TPVDA, (3%) TGA, (3%) complex,(1.5%) univentricle, (1.5%) PDA,(1.5%) intramitral valve membrane MS. (34%) were Down syndrome patients, 37/68 received sildenafil , 1/68 Bosentan, and 3/68 received both drugs. Follow up results: Group 1 28/34 (82%) PHT normalized, 26/28 post operative, Group2 results:(10%) PHT normalized after surgery, Conclusions: The best therapy for PAH-CHD remains prevention through a “timely” repair of the defect., advanced medications are required.
Study of Meningitis Inflammatory Disease among children admitted to Benghazi Pediatrics Hospital during 2017-2020
Authors: Elshebani Asma. B. , Elfaitouri Amal. M. , Busaadia Mariam. A. S. , Alobadi Abd Alraouf  E. , Alhassi Butgains A. , Alsaiti Mayar. H. , Alatti Mohamed. S. , Boujanah Sondos. I. 
Published: December 2023

Background: Meningitis is an inflammation that affects the delicate membranes called meninges, which cover the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis occurs when fluid surrounding the meninges becomes infected. The most common causes of meningitis are viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and other agents.
Aim: To investigate the epidemiological picture of meningitis in patients at Benghazi Pediatric Hospital.
Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 – 2020.
Results: The majority of meningitis cases were in males (59%) with females at 41%, while the majority of meningitis cases were in the age group of below 1 year (73.7%). The majority of patients according to the unit of admission, were from unit B (the cardiovascular unit) (25.9%) and the lowest was from the surgery unit (0.2%). In general, the majority of meningitis patients according to the year had an increase from 2017 (17.2%) to 2020 (24.6%). While meningitis occurring in patients according to months showed the highest incidence in July (13.8%) and August (12.8%), and according to the season in the summer (35.2%) and winter (14.2%). The distribution of patients according to the duration of disease was from 6 to 10 days (20.2%); the distribution of patients according to outcome in all years, the majority were discharged in good health (89.9 %).
Conclusion: This study concluded that meningitis affected males more than females, and is common in children whose age is under one year. Meningitis is more common during July and August, showing more incidence in summer than winter.
المعالجة التشريعية والقضائية للتعارض بين الأحكام القضائية (دراسة في القانوني الليبي)
Authors: عبد إله عبير سالم 
Published: December 2023

يفترض القانون أن (الحكم عنوان الحقيقة)، تعبيرا عن الحقيقة الثابتة بالحكم القضائي، التي مؤداها أن الحكم قد صدر صحيحا من حيث إجراءاته، وأنه على حق من حيث موضوعه.
لكن هذه الحقيقة القضائية المفترضة قد تهتز، وتهتز معها الثقة في النظام القضائي بأكمله، وذلك إذا وجد المتقاضون أنفسهم أمام حالات تتعارض فيها الأحكام القضائية الصادرة عنه، فتضيع هيبة القضاء، ويختل الأمن والسلم الاجتماعي، ناهيك عن العقبات التي تعترض التنفيذ الجبري لهذه الأحكام المتعارضة.
لذا كان المشرع مطالبا بإيجاد أدوات فنية فعالة يكون من شأن إعمالها التوقي من خطر التعارض المحتمل بين الأحكام القضائية، سواء أكان ذلك عند رفع الدعوى وأثناء سير الخصومة القضائية أم بعد انتهائها، وهو ما يتناوله المطلب الأول من هذه الدراسة.
ومع الاعتراف بأنه مهما بلغت درجة حرص المشرع وتنظيمه لهذه الأدوات فإن احتمال النفاذ منها وحدوث التعارض تظل قائمة ومتوقعة، وهو ما يقتضي أن تمتد المعالجة إلى فرضية حدوث التعارض بالفعل لضمان إزالته ورفعه، لذا فقد انصب المطلب الثاني في هذه الدراسة على بحث الآلية المقررة لرفع التعارض بعد وقوعه.
وتكمن أهمية هذه الدراسة في بحث مدى فعالية المعالجة التي تبناها المشرع الليبي، وكذلك القضاء في مواجهة التعارض، وتسليط الضوء على ما شابها من قصور، وتقديم الاقتراحات والتوصيات بشأنها، وصولا إلى قضاء يحمي حقوق المتقاضين وييسر لهم سبل الحصول عليها.
Prevalence of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients on Conservative Treatment in Benghazi- 2022
Authors: Jaher Samia , Elglali Basma , Sammat Lameas , Saed Samira 
Published: December 2023

Background: Anemia is one of the most common and significant complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is related to decreases in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Anemia is generally defined as a hemoglobin count of less than 13.0 g/ld in men and less than 12.0 g/dL in premenopausal women. Anemia of CKD is of a multifactorial origin; the widely accepted etiology being decreased renal production of erythropoietin (EPO). Since the kidney's production of erythropoietin serves as the primary stimulus for the production of red blood cells, CKD patients have lower levels of erythropoietin, which in turn can cause anemia. Anaemia in CKD patients is normocytic, normochromic and hypoproliferative.
Aim: Determination of proportion and risk factors of anemia in CKD patients.
Materials and method: A cross-sectional sectional study with a sample size of 91 CKD patients on conservative treatment. A questionnaire was used to interview patients who had been enrolled in the study. It included sociodemographic data, body mass index (BMI), past medical history, drug history, and laboratory data.
Results: The overall prevalence of anemia was 35.2% among CKD patients on conservative treatment. The mean age of patients was 62.9±14.65 SD years and the mean BMI was 27.65±5.5SD. Most of the patients were from the OPD clinic (GFR>15 ml/min/1.73 m2). 60% of the patients were hypertensive and diabetic. Hemoglobin (HB) levels were 10.52 ± 2.7 SD. According to to mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), the type of anemia observed was normocytic and normochromic. Most of the patients were commonly prescribed an oral and an injectable iron supplement.
Conclusion: Anemia was prevalent in CKD patients and the severity increased with the degree of renal damage; however, it is sub-optimally managed. Screening and management of anemia for patients with renal disease should focus more on patients with lower GFR.
مدى توافر العوامل المؤثرة في فاعلية المراجعة الحكومية الخارجية "دراسة ميدانية على ديوان المحاسبة الليبي"
Authors: الشيخي آمال سعد , معيوف خديجة علي , الشكري عائشة سالم 
Published: December 2023

تهدف الدراسة إلى التعريف بالعوامل المؤثرة في فاعلية المراجعة الحكومية الصادرة عن معهد المراجعين الداخليين (IIA)، ومعرفة مدى توافر هذه العوامل في المراجعة الخارجية التي يمارسها ديوان المحاسبة الليبي. اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، صممت استمارة استبيان وزعت على عينة من المراجعين الخارجيين بديوان المحاسبة الليبي قوامها 94 مفردة، استخدم الإحصاء الوصفي واختبار ((One Sample T–Test لتحليل البيانات الأولية المجمعة.
أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن العوامل المؤثرة في فاعلية المراجعة الحكومية الصادرة عن (IIA) تتوافر في المراجعة الخارجية التي يمارسها ديوان المحاسبة الليبي وبدرجات متفاوتة، فكانت الموضوعية في فريق المراجعة أكثر العوامل المؤثرة توافراً وبدرجة مرتفعة جداً، يليها على التوالي، إمكانية الوصول إلى البيانات والمعلومات، الكفاءة في فريق المراجعة، الالتزام بمعايير المراجعة المهنية، التفويض الرسمي، الاستقلال التنظيمي، والقيادة الكفؤ لفريق المراجعة وكانت جميعها بدرجات مرتفعة، أما التمويل الكافي والدعم من أصحاب المصلحة فكانت أقل هذه العوامل توافراً وبدرجة متوسطة.
وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة توفير التمويل الكافي لديوان المحاسبة الليبي لأداء مهامه بشكل أفضل، والعمل على توفير الدعم له من أصحاب المصلحة لزيادة كفاءته الرقابية، كما أوصت الدراسة بنشر الوعي العام بأهمية الدور الرقابي للديوان في المحافظة على المال العام ومكافحة الفساد.
Morphology, Anatomy and Chemical Composition of Salvia fruticosa Mill in Al-Marj (Libya)
Authors: Ahmed Wafa 
Published: December 2023

Macro, micromorphological and chemical characteristics of Salvia fruticosa Mill, wild growing in Libya were studied. The aim of the present study is to provide new properties for the identification and description of this species. The features of leaf morphology, verticillaster number, bract, calyx, corolla, stamens, trichomes, collenchyma’s rows, vascular bundle and mesophyll structure are important characters to distinguish this species. In the study, we observe morphologically different types of glandular trichomes. The results of leaf architecture studies can provide a more accurate basis for the identification of this species. The essential oil contained cineol (43.93%), β-pinene (11,43%), α-pinene (9.53%), β-myrcene (9.08%), caryophyllene (8.75%), camphor (5.12%) and α-terpineol (4.15%).
Prevalence & Risk Factors of Anxiety and Depression among Cases of Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Authors: Elgathafi Aziza , Elharary Fawzia , Al Shawbaki Muna , Boubataina Heba 
Published: December 2023

Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a sever nausea and vomiting before 22nd week of Gestation. Antenatal depression and anxiety become a common problem significantly affecting maternal and fetal health, there is a complex relation between anxiety and depression and hyperemesis gravidarum. The aim: is to identify and study the prevalence of anxiety and depression and their related risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum(HG) cases. Subject and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Benghazi Medical Center (BMC) on cases diagnosed with HG and admitted to the Gynecology Department in the period between 1-10-2019 and 31-3-2021. Data was collected through direct interviews with women and using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) with some data collected from their medical records. The data was analyzed using SPSS Ver. 23. The statistics used were descriptive; frequencies, mean, standard deviation and median as well as inferential; chi-square test, one-way ANOVA and t-test. P<0.05 is used to denote statistical significance. Results: High anxiety levels were found in 76.4% and high depression levels were noted in 82% of cases. From the value of the adjusted odd ratio, women with Libyan nationality are strongly associated with high anxiety (5, 95% CI: 1.021-1.284), followed by a positive history of hyperemesis in previous pregnancies (3.375, 95% CI: 1.161-9.809) and a higher maternal age (1.14, 95% CI: 1.021-1.284). Regarding maternal education and pregnancy planning, it has been found that these factors are protective against high anxiety. After adjustment by using multivariable logistic regression, only a history of hyperemesis in previous pregnancies was identified as an independent risk factor for high depression among the cases (AOR, 3.167 95% CI: 1.005-9.979). Conclusion: High levels of both depression and anxiety were recorded among cases of hyperemesis at the Benghazi Medical Centre.
Hubungan Kebiasaan Merokok Usia Remaja Terhadap Penderita Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) (Survey Pada Siswa-Siswi SMU Negeri Medan)
Authors: Jerry Fitrio Julianto Tobing  
Published: December 2023

Merokok merupakan sebuah aktivitas yang kini banyak diminati oleh remaja. Orang-orang yang menjadi perokok aktif mengatakan bahwa merokok itu mengasyikkan dan menyenangkan karena dapat menghilangkan stress. Tetapi dibalik kenikmatan yang dirasakan oleh para perokok aktif tersebut terdapat bahaya yang sangat mematikan bagi dirinya dan kehidupan masa depannya. Penyakit yang timbul akan tergantung dari kadar zat berbahaya yang terkandung dalam setiap batang rokok, kurun waktu kebiasaan merokok, dan cara menghisap rokok. Semakin muda seseorang mulai merokok, maka akan semakin besar risiko orang tersebut mendapat penyakit baik diusia muda maupun saat usia tua. Salah satu penyakit yang ditimbulkan dari kebiasaan merokok adalah infeksi salauran pernafasan akut. Dalam penelitian ini penulis mengambil populasinya adalah remaja yaitu siswa/i SMU Negeri Medan. Dimana usia remaja adalah usia dimana seseorang memiliki rasa ingin tahu yang tinggi dan pencarian jati diri, sehingga kebiasaan yang tidak baik dan dilarang seringkali dilakukan pada usia remaja. Hasil yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang tinggi antara kebiasaan merokok dengan penyakit infeksi saluran pernafasan akut sebesar 0,691. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hubungan kebiasan merokok merupakan kebiasaan negatif yang dapat menyerang segala usia baik perokok pasif maupun perokok aktif.