bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frailty in der Notaufnahme
Authors: Krohn Jan-Niklas , Singler Katrin 
Published: November 2023

Was ist neu?
Assessment und Risikostratifizierung anhand von Frailty Frailty betrifft ungefähr jeden zweiten über 70-jährigen Patienten in der Notaufnahme. Diese werden mit herkömmlichen Triage-Instrumenten nur unzureichend als Risikopatienten identifiziert. Ein Frailty-Screening verbessert die Identifizierung von Hochrisikopatienten mit erhöhter Hospitalisierungs- und Wiederaufnahmerate, 30-Tage- und Ein-Jahres-Mortalität.
Medizinische Notfallversorgung von Menschen mit Frailty Unspezifische Beschwerden und geriatrische Syndrome sollten als Red Flag erkannt, altersspezifische Besonderheiten der Vitalparameter beachtet werden. Eine ganzheitliche Evaluation sollte bereits in der Notaufnahme durchgeführt werden, da die Fokussierung auf einzelne Probleme nicht zielführend ist. Alle im Screening identifizierten Patienten sollten im Verlauf geriatrisch evaluiert werden.
Patientenzentrierte Versorgung von Menschen mit Frailty Für Patienten mit Frailty steht die Verbesserung des subjektiven Wohlbefindens im Vordergrund. Eine stationäre Aufnahme ist teilweise vermeidbar, auch wenn dies mit gesundheitlichen Risiken verbunden ist. Dies sollte im Rahmen einer partizipativen Entscheidungsfindung mit dem Patienten besprochen werden. Bei fortgeschrittener Frailty entsprechen die Bedürfnisse denen von Palliativpatienten.
Medicare Payment Policy: The Basics
Authors: Findeiss Laura K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe mechanisms of payment for medical services are complicated and create predictable incentives. Physicians can benefit from understanding how hospitals, practices, employers, and payers understand payment, since this has a role in determining how certain patient care services are valued and prioritized. Type of hospital, location of service delivery, and a physician's relationship with the payer or provider entity can greatly impact the value of a physician's work. The landscape of payers is large, but Medicare payment has come to drive the behavior of many private payers. This article will outline the key components of Medicare and how they apply to physicians, hospitals, and ambulatory surgical centers to provide a basic structure for thinking about payment for medical services. This review of the fundamentals of Medicare payment will provide a framework for physicians to understand the financial incentives that underlie clinical and operational decisions in the healthcare system.
Effectiveness of resource management of Lebanese NGOs in response to COVID-19 and the Syrian crisis
Authors: Kabbara Nadia , Ozgit Hale 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCrises are appearing widely in different regions of the world. The Syrian war was considered one of the largest humanitarian crises where Lebanon hosted many displaced Syrians. Recently, the coronavirus outbreak coincided with a severe socio-political and economic crisis in the country. COVID-19 affected NGOs’ response to the community and refugees. Henceforth, the study examined NGO activities and strategies in response to the Syrian refugee crisis during and after COVID-19 to identify future effective practices. The paper is based on qualitative data. Forty representatives from NGOs in Lebanon participated in semi-structured interviews. They reported on (i) the influence of COVID-19 on NGOs’ activities, (ii) effective strategies for supporting Syrian refugees and the host community, and (iii) evaluation of NGOs’ achievements and failures to provide services for the community during COVID-19. Data disclosed that COVID-19 enhanced the need for different activities to support refugees and the host community but failed to procure funds and get the necessary support from the funding agencies. The paper suggested that both government and donor agencies should enhance support for NGOs during crisis times, with better communication among stakeholders being crucial. A resource dependency theory was developed and supported by stakeholder perspectives. Based on the research findings, implications, and future research suggestions are proposed.
Who’s in and who’s out? Reading stakeholders and priority issues from sustainability reports in Turkey
Authors: Hoştut Sibel , van het Hof Seçil Deren , Aydoğan Hediye , Adalı Gülten 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis research aims to discover trends regarding stakeholders in sustainability reports. It questions the patterns or trends in addressing stakeholders, based on the assumption that the more a stakeholder is mentioned, the more importance is attached to it. Quantitative content analysis was conducted on a dataset of 179 sustainability reports published between 2004 and 2019 by 26 companies traded in Borsa Istanbul. All stakeholders disclosed in the sustainability reports were coded to create lists and groups, and the changes in stakeholder lists over time were presented. The research identified 102 stakeholders classified into 16 groups. The categorization is a crucial step in the stakeholder identification process as it reveals the hierarchy between stakeholders. By applying a time-series analysis, it was found that companies increasingly valued their employees, making occupational health and safety, diversity and equal opportunity, and talent management as top strategic issues in the Turkish context. This study makes a unique contribution to both the existing stakeholder literature and sustainability reporting within the Turkish context. It offers a pioneering longitudinal analysis of long-term stakeholder representation for listed companies in Turkey, breaking new ground in this area of research.
How do tax reductions motivate technological innovation?
Authors: Yue Ziyang , Yang Gangqiang , Wang Haisen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe main approach to promoting high-quality development lies in fostering self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology, as well as enhancing the technological innovation capabilities of enterprises. In the new stage of moving from imitation to innovation, tax reduction plays an important role in promoting enterprise technological innovation. This article uses the data of A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2019 to explore the mechanism of how tax reduction exerts its core role in innovation. The findings indicate that tax cuts have a stimulating effect on firms’ research and development (R&D) innovation. These results hold true even after accounting for tax evasion and R&D manipulation behaviors. The mechanism analysis reveals that the incentive effects of tax cuts are realized through financing, specialized divisions, and the creation of added value. Notably, the “financing effect” exhibits a path dependence among high-tech enterprises. Furthermore, in terms of tax preferential policies, the “R&D expenses plus deduction” policy demonstrates the most significant incentive effect, while the “15% tax rate preference” is less effective than initially anticipated. However, the combined effect of both policy types proves to be significant in promoting R&D innovation, thereby enhancing the impact of a single-policy approach. Nevertheless, a structural phenomenon regarding the incentive effect on the input and output sides is observed. Through empirical analysis, this paper not only presents fresh ideas for improving tax reduction policies and unleashing the potential of scientific and technological innovation, but also offers essential insights for facilitating technological catch-up and achieving high-quality economic development.
Directional verb constructions in Mandarin
Authors: Lin Chien-hung , Chang Jung-hsing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn modern Chinese, a Directional Verb Construction (DVC) may contain either two or three verbs. DVCs with two verbs can be represented in three different ways, and DVCs with three verbs can be represented in four different ways. The different positions of the shared internal noun phrase (NP) argument result in divergent word orders of DVCs. Based on the Corpus of the United Daily News, this study discusses the syntax-pragmatic interface in Chinese DVCs within the framework of Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) with the intention of ascertaining how NP arguments are linked to syntax in DVCs, while at the same time accounting for what pragmatic factors play a role in determining constructional schemas for argument linking. The results show that different patterns of DVCs have different focus domains, and that the differential activation state of the internal NP argument plays an essential role in determining word order. Considering the correlation between activation state and focus domain, a highly activated internal NP tends to be linked to the position following the wordbǎor immediately following V1. In contrast, a least activated NP tends to be linked to the position immediately following V2or V3.
Effects of an early start in learning English as a foreign language on reading and listening comprehension in Year
9
Authors: Porsch Raphaela , Schipolowski Stefan , Rjosk Camilla , Sachse Karoline A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For years now, all over Europe a debate has been ongoing concerning the effectiveness of an early start in
learning a foreign language. This paper presents findings from a representative large-scale assessment study from Germany and
seeks to examine the relationship between receptive skills in English as a foreign language (EFL) of students in Year 9 and their
EFL learning onset age. We examined the differences in achievement of early starters – i.e., students who started learning English
either before Year 3 or in Year 3 – in comparison with late starters defined as students instructed in EFL from Year 4 or 5 using
a sample of more than 30,000 students. The results from multilevel regression modelling point to long-term advantages in reading
and listening comprehension for students with an early onset of English instruction in primary school compared to students who
began later. The paper finishes by discussing the results and suggesting further research in this field.
A novel lidar signal noise reduction algorithm based on improved deep belief network
Authors: Li Shun , Mao Jiandong , Gong Xin , Li Zhiyuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To reduce noise in the lidar return signal, an improved deep belief network (DBN) denoising algorithm is proposed in this study. In the traditional implementation process of DBN, a multi-layer fully connected network is realized by stacking restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs). However, the RBM is an undirected graph model, and there is no clear causal relationship between random variable nodes. The denoising autoencoder (DAE) can avoid this problem and produce field generalization performance by adding random contamination during training and stacking, thereby achieving better performance than the traditional DBN. In this study, a new multi-layer DBN called DADBN is implemented by stacking DAE and RBM. First, the multi-layer DAE is placed in the beginning layer of the network as the primary filter of the signal to provide data dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. Then, the RBM is used as the lower layer, the hidden layer is calculated according to the initial value of the visible layer by the contrast of the divergence algorithm, and the visible layer is reconstructed from the samples of the hidden layer. And the sparse representation penalty is added to the RBM model to solve the assimilation phenomenon of hidden layer nodes in the RBM model. It not only optimizes the log-likelihood function when training data, but also makes the probability of each hidden layer node being activated tend to a minimum value, so as to sparsely activate the sparse hidden layer nodes. The weight matrix W is obtained by computing the results of the hidden layer twice. Finally, the original input signal was reconstructed by Gibbs sampling layer and the reconstructed signal was decoded by the decoder to achieve the purpose of noise reduction. To verify its effectiveness, this method is compared with four other denoising methods: wavelet packet algorithm, complete ensemble empirical modal decomposition (CEEMDAN), wavelet transform and empirical mode decomposition (WT-EMD), and wavelet transform-variational mode decomposition (WT-VMD). The noise reduction effect of DADBN is better than that of the other four methods, thus effectively eliminating complex noise in the lidar detection signal.
Reentrant phenomenon in the decorated ising model
Authors: Chen Sheng , Wu Yanyi , Lu Junyi , Teng Baohua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Based on the transverse-field Ising model, this paper utilizes the theory of correlated effective fields to explore the ferromagnetic phase transition properties of nanoislands with decorated lattice. The findings suggest that the unique phase transition properties of the system are predominantly determined by the surface atoms, while the transverse field and decorating exchange interaction impact the specific details of the phase transition properties. Additionally, the magnetization of each lattice follows a quantitative relationship, in which the magnetization of the decorated lattice is weaker and that of the central lattice is stronger.
A new method of image encryption using advanced encryption Standard (AES) for network security
Authors: Inam Saba , Kanwal Shamsa , Firdous Rabia , Zakria Khansa , Hajjej Fahima 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the rapid increase in the use of technology, images have become a major source of sharing personal, confidential and official information and there is a dire need to protect this secret data. Image encryption plays major role in the security of images and there are many techniques developed for this purpose. Chaos based image encryption has now become most applicable and beneficial technique for image encryption. The purpose of this paper is to highlight a new method of image encryption with the use of advanced encryption standard (AES) and chaotic maps. This technique is composed of substitution and permutation phases. AES is found to be most secure cipher until now against different kinds of attacks. The round keys are generated by AES using key expansion algorithm. The sensitivity of this technique is that it is dependent on initial values and input image. S-boxes in AES introduce non-linearity, confusion, and an avalanche effect, enhancing security and resistance to cryptographic attacks by substituting bytes in the encryption process. The combination of AES and chaotic maps in encryption schemes provides a two-tiered approach to enhance security. AES offers a strong and well-established encryption method, while chaotic maps introduce randomness and complexity, making it more difficult for attackers to decipher encrypted data. This combination is often used to achieve a higher level of encryption security in various applications, including data transmission and storage. Different kinds of analysis and tests are performed on the technique which includes information entropy, number of pixel change rate (NPCR), and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), unified average changing intensity (UACI) and histogram correlation of adjacent pixels. The results of these tests show that this technique is secure and resistant towards attacks.
The explicit power series solution formation and computationof Lie point infinitesimals generators: Lie symmetry approach
Authors: Faridi Waqas Ali , AlQahtani Salman A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This work scrutinizes the well-known nonlinear non-classical Sobolev-type wave model which addresses the fluid flow via fractured rock, thermodynamics and many other fields of modern sciences. The nonlinear non-classical Sobolev-type wave model provides a more comprehensive and accurate description of wave phenomena in a wide range of fields. By incorporating both nonlinearity and the complexities of dispersive waves, these models enhance our understanding of natural phenomena and enable more precise predictions and applications in various scientific and engineering disciplines. Therefore, this study is investigating it. Prior to this study, no previous research has performed Lie symmetry analysis and achieved invariant solutions of this kind. The symmetry generators are taking into account the Lie invariance criteria. The suggested approach produces the three dimensional Lie algebra, where translation symmetries in space and time are associated with mass conservation and conservation of energy, respectively and the other symmetries are scaling or dilation. The nonlinear non-classical Sobolev-type wave partial differential equation is transformed into a system of highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations by employing appropriate similarity transformations through using Lie group methodology. The power series technique is used to generate exact wave solutions because the inverse scattering transform cannot solve the Cauchy problem for this equation. The graphical behaviour of certain solutions is demonstrated in 3-D and 2-D for particular quantities of the physical factors in the investigated equation.
Characterisation of graphene nano-ribbon field effect transistor and design of high performance PPN 12T GNRFET Full adder
Authors: Elangovan M , Sharma Kulbhushan , Sachdeva Ashish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Owing to the balanced electrical properties of graphene nanoribbon field effect transistors (GNRFETs), they are suitable next-generation devices for designing high performance circuits. However, as the fabrication for GNRFETs is at premature stage the performance of GNRFET device need to be explored with variation in its parameters. This article comprehensively analyses the impact of variations in GNRFET parameters on its threshold voltage, subthreshold swing and I

ON

/I

OFF
ratio. As an application example high performance PPN 12 T full adder is proposed using GNRFET device. The proposed full adder circuit shows dynamic power, propagation delay, low power-delay product and unity noise gain of 43.3 nW, 0.47 pS, 0.02 × 10−18 J and 0.46 respectively using supply voltage of 0.7 V. The performance of proposed full adder is compared with five previously proposed full adders using 16 nm GNRFET model in HSPICE simulation tool. Further, the impact of the GNRFET parameters on performance of proposed FA is investigated. A study of this nature is expected to improve performance of computing systems used in internet of things (IoT)-based infrastructure and health industry which demand for high performance next generation devices-based circuits.
Non-static plane symmetric perfect fluid solutions and Killing symmetries in f(R, T) gravity
Authors: Dalal Preeti , Singh Karanjeet , Kumar Sachin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the non-static solutions for perfect fluid distribution with plane symmetry in f(R, T) gravitational theory are obtained. Firstly, using the Lie symmetries, symmetry reductions are performed for considered vector fields to reduce the number of independent variables. Then, corresponding to each reduction, exact solutions are obtained. Killing vectors lead to different conserved quantities. Therefore, we figure out the Killing vector fields corresponding to all derived solutions. The derived solutions are further studied and it is observed that all of the obtained spacetimes, at least admit to the minimal symmetry group which consists of ∂
y
, ∂
z
and −z∂
y
+ y∂
z
. The obtained metrics, admit to 3, 4, 6, and 10, Killing vector fields. Conservation of linear momentum in the direction of y and z, and angular momentum along the x axis is provided by all derived solutions.
Anisotropic quintessence compact star in f(T) gravity with Tolman–Kuchowicz metric potentials
Authors: Bhar Piyali , Rahaman Farook , Das Shyam , Aktar Somi , Errehymy Abdelghani 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To obtain analytically relativistic quintessence anisotropic spherical solutions in the f(T) paradigm is the primary objective of this paper. To do this, the pressure anisotropy condition is imposed, and we employ a metric potential of the Tolman–Kuchowicz (TK) type. We also suppose that our current model incorporates a quintessence field characterized by a parameter ω

q
, in addition to the anisotropic matter distribution. In the presence of the parameter α, the field equations are modified by the choice of the f(T) function. The f(T) gravity parameter α adds new components to the basic physical characteristics, such as density, pressure, subliminal sound velocity, surface redshift, etc, of the present model. By selecting the compact star Her X-1 and varying α from 0.5 to 2.5, we examined all the physical characteristics of the model parameter of the configuration. The graphical process demonstrates that a more compact item is produced with greater values of α. The hydrostatic equilibrium condition of the model is discussed, as well as the mass-radius relationship for our current model is obtained.
Application of 3D printing technology in tumor diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Wu Jinmei , Liang Bing , Lu Shuoqiao , Xie Jinlan , Song Yan , Wang Lude , Gao Lingfeng , Huang Zaiyin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
3D printing technology is an increasing approach consisting of material manufacturing through the selective incremental delamination of materials to form a 3D structure to produce products. This technology has different advantages, including low cost, short time, diversification, and high precision. Widely adopted additive manufacturing technologies enable the creation of diagnostic tools and expand treatment options. Coupled with its rapid deployment, 3D printing is endowed with high customizability that enables users to build prototypes in shorts amounts of time which translates into faster adoption in the medical field. This review mainly summarizes the application of 3D printing technology in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, including the challenges and the prospects combined with other technologies applied to the medical field.
A potential for climate benign direct air CO2 capture with CO2-driven geothermal utilization and storage (DACCUS)
Authors: Leveni Martina , Bielicki Jeffrey M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To reduce the overaccumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, direct air CO2 capture (DACC) technologies must (a) satisfy the process requirements for heat and electricity with energy that has few if any CO2 emissions, and (b) physically isolate the CO2 from the atmosphere after its extraction from the air. To isolate the CO2 from the atmosphere at meaningful scale, the CO2 will likely need to be geologically stored in deep saline aquifers. Here we propose to leverage geologic CO2 storage (GCS) in sedimentary basin geothermal resources to produce geothermal heat and electricity for the process energy requirements of solid sorbent DACC. This sedimentary basin CO2-driven geothermal utilization (SB-CO2DGU, also known as CO2 Plume Geothermal) circulates some of the emplaced CO2 to extract geothermal heat in a closed loop between the subsurface reservoir and surface geothermal facility. The proposed integration of DACC and CO2-driven geothermal Utilization and Storage (DACCUS) adds CO2 from the air to this closed loop system that produces renewable energy for use in the DACC process. The strategy first primes the GCS reservoir with CO2 from large point sources, and then integrates CO2 from DACC facility to form the DACCUS system. We focus on the process integration of DACCUS and present a case study of its potential deployment and scaling in the Gulf Coast of the United States. We combine data from prior analyses for a novel investigation of two DACCUS configurations: (1) a DACCUS heat system uses the geothermal heat to regenerate the solid sorbent in the DACC process, and (2) a DACCUS heat and power system uses the electricity generated from the produced geothermal heat for the DACC process. In general, deeper CO2 storage reservoirs (>3.5 km) with higher geothermal temperature gradients (>35 °C km−1), may provide sufficient production wellhead temperatures (>100 °C), and satisfy the electric load in 93% of the combinations of reservoir characteristics we examined.