bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and theoretical study on the facet‐dependent SERS activity of α‐Fe2O3 films
Authors: Wang Yifan , Wen Peipei , Niu Lengyuan , Chen Yang , Luo Yuwei , Gong Yinyan , Li Can , Xu Shiqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSemiconductors have attracted great attention for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications due to their rich variety, adjustable band structure, good chemical stability, and biocompatibility. However, their intrinsic weak SERS activity limited the further development of semiconductor substrates. Here, the α‐Fe2O3 films with high {
} and {
} facet exposure ratios were fabricated through an electrodeposition method with the existence of NH4Cl and CH3COONa. The α‐Fe2O3{
} and α‐Fe2O3{
} films show excellent SERS properties with enhancement factor of 4.155×103 and 5.481×103, as well as the relatively low limit of detection down to 2 × 10−7 M for 4‐nitrobenzenethiol. Meanwhile, the lower relative standard deviation values (<10%) confirm the well uniformity of as‐prepared substrates. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals that the α‐Fe2O3{
} possesses the lower work function, which could guarantee the efficient interfacial charge transfer between substrates and probe molecules. Moreover, first principles calculations further indicates that the charge transfer efficiency on {
} facet can be effectively improved, and thus significantly enhance the SERS activity of α‐Fe2O3. The current study provides a strategy for the fabrication and application of semiconductor‐based SERS substrates.
Interactions between proteins and phenolics: effects of food processing on the content and digestibility of phenolic compounds
Authors: Nemli Elifsu , Ozkan Gulay , Gultekin Subasi Busra , Cavdar Humeyra , Lorenzo Jose M. , Zhao Chao , Capanoglu Esra 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhenolic compounds have recently become one of the most interesting topics in different research areas, especially in food science and nutrition due to their health‐promoting effects. Phenolic compounds are found together with macronutrients and micronutrients in foods and within several food systems. The coexistence of phenolics and other food components can lead to their interaction resulting in complex formation. This review article aims to cover the effects of thermal and non‐thermal processing techniques on the protein–phenolic interaction especially focusing on the content and digestibility of phenolics by discussing recently published research articles. It is clear that the processing conditions and individual properties of phenolics and proteins are the most effective factors in the final content and intestinal fates of phenolic compounds. Besides, thermal and non‐thermal treatments, such as high‐pressure processing, pulsed electric field, cold plasma, ultrasonication, and fermentation may induce alterations in those interactions. Still, new investigations are required for different food processing treatments by using a wide range of food products to enlighten new functional and healthier food product design, to provide the optimized processing conditions of foods for obtaining better quality, higher nutritional properties, and health benefits. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Isolation and identification of active components from Grifola frondosa and its anti‐EV71 virus effect
Authors: Xiong Wenyu , Jiang Xiaoqin , He Junqiang , Zhong Yue , Ge Xiaodong , Liu Bin , Zeng Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDIt is reported that anti‐enterovirus 71 (EV71) drugs have some side effects on human health. Notably, fungi plays a crucial role in promoting human health and anti‐virus. Grifola frondosa is a type of large medicinal and edible fungi, rich in active substances. The present study aimed to investigate the anti‐EV71 effect of G. frondosa and the potential active substances.RESULTSIn the present study, the water extract of G. frondosa was subjected to ethanol precipitation to obtain the water‐extracted supernatant of G. frondosa (GFWS) and water‐extracted precipitation of G. frondosa. Their inhibitory effects on EV71 virus were studied based on a cell model. The results showed that GFWS had stronger security and anti‐EV71 effects. In addition, the chemical constituents of GFWS were identified by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry, which were selected for further separation and purification. Three compounds, N‐butylaniline, succinic acid and l‐tryptophan, were isolated from GFWS by NMR spectroscopy. It is noteworthy that N‐butylaniline and l‐tryptophan were isolated and identified from the G. frondosa fruiting bodies for the first time. Our study found that l‐tryptophan has anti‐EV71 virus activity, which reduced EV71‐induced apoptosis and significantly inhibited the replication process after virus adsorption. Furthermore, it could also bind to capsid protein VP1 to prevent the virus from attaching to the cells.CONCLUSIONl‐tryptophan was an inhibitor of the EV71 virus, which could be used in infant nutrition and possibly provide a new drug to treat hand, foot and mouth disease. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Quorum sensing effect of chiral d‐glutamine on the modulation of the intestinal microbiota of mice by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A3
Authors: Zhang Ao , Yu Yixing , Ji Youwei , Tong Xin , Tu Xubin , Liang Yu , Lian Liwei , Pan Daodong , Wu Zhen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAmino acids (AAs) are the building blocks of proteins, but they also serve as biological compounds in biochemical processes, and d‐AA isomers are increasingly being recognized as important signaling molecules. As the main organic substrate used by cells in the intestinal tract, the role of the chiral specificity of glutamine is still largely ignored.RESULTSIn a previous study, we found that d‐glutamine affected the quorum sensing of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A3, promoted the release of signaling molecule AI‐2 and up‐regulated the expression of the LuxS gene. The results showed that when d‐glutamine and L. plantarum A3 were simultaneously applied to a mouse model, the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora in both male and female mice were increased. Interestingly, the simultaneous effect of d‐glutamine and L. plantarum A3 on the bacterial diversity and abundance of male mice was significantly higher than that of female mice. In addition, the combination of d‐glutamine and L. plantarum A3 can improve the host microecology by enhancing the population of Firmicutes such as Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae, reducing the population of Fusobacterium and Bacteroides and affecting metabolic pathways such as AA metabolism and transporter transport.CONCLUSIONd‐Glutamine, as a signaling molecule, can better stimulate the endogenous d‐glutamine synthesis in mice and be utilized by L. plantarum A3. Furthermore, sex differences in the changes of intestinal microflora are also found in this research. This research sheds some light on the adoption of d‐AAs combined with lactic acid bacteria in intestinal tract health treatment. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Postoperative infectious complications worsen oncologic outcomes following pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Khachfe Hussein H. , Hammad Abdulrahman Y. , AlMasri Samer , Nassour Ibrahim , ElAsmar Rudy , Liu Hao , de Silva Annissa , Kraftician Jasmine , Lee Kenneth K. , Zureikat Amer H. , Paniccia Alessandro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) remains the only curative option for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Infectious complications (IC) can negatively impact patient outcomes and delay adjuvant therapy in most patients. This study aims to determine IC effect on overall survival (OS) following PD for PDAC.Study DesignPatients who underwent PD for PDAC between 2010 and 2020 were identified from a single institutional database. Patients were categorized into two groups based on whether they experienced IC or not. The relationship between postoperative IC and OS was investigated using Kaplan−Meier and Cox‐regression multivariate analysis.ResultsAmong 655 patients who underwent PD for PDAC, 197 (30%) experienced a postoperative IC. Superficial wound infection was the most common type of infectious complication (n = 125, 63.4%). Patients with IC had significantly more minor complications (Clavien‐Dindo [CD] < 3; [59.4% vs. 40.2%, p < 0.001]), major complications (CD ≥ 3; [37.6% vs. 18.8%, p < 0.001]), prolonged LOS (47.2% vs 20.3%, p < 0.001), biochemical leak (6.1% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.046), postoperative bleeding (4.1% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.026) and reoperation (9.6% vs. 2.2%, p < 0.001). Time to adjuvant chemotherapy was delayed in patients with IC versus those without (10 vs. 8 weeks, p < 0.001). Median OS for patients who experienced no complication, noninfectious complication, and infectious complication was 33.3 months, 29.06 months, and 27.58 months respectively (p = 0.023). On multivariate analysis, postoperative IC were an independent predictor of worse OS (HR 1.32, p = 0.049).ConclusionsIC following PD for PDAC independently predict worse oncologic outcomes. Thus, efforts to prevent and manage IC should be a priority in the care of patients undergoing PD for PDAC.
Keloid treatment assessment measures: A literature review
Authors: Gutierrez Alejandra , Carmichael Anna , Feldman Steven R. , Chandy Rithi John 
Published: February 2024

AbstractKeloids are an exaggerated response to cutaneous trauma that has both a physical and psychological burden for patients. Keloids have high recurrence rates and are monitored years after treatment. There is currently no widely accepted assessment measure specifically for keloids. The purpose of this review was to compare available assessment measures for keloids. Eleven assessment measures were assessed based on validity, reliability, limitations, parameters, technological influence and feasibility. Only two assessment measures (Detroit Keloid Scale and the Keloid Area and Severity Index) were specific for keloids, easy to use, had no cost and were suitable for longitudinal use. These measures, in conjunction with quality of life measures such as the Dermatology Life Quality Index, could be used to provide a detailed and longitudinal assessment of keloid treatment.
Behavioral response of polar bears to aircraft activity on the northern coast of Alaska
Authors: Quigley Gwendolyn , Brinkman Todd J. , Wilson Ryan , Christ Aaron 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rapid loss of arctic sea ice is forcing a larger proportion of the Southern Beaufort Sea polar bear (Ursus maritimus) population to spend more time on land, increasing chances of negative interactions between people and bears. In the United States, the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) protects polar bears from incidental disturbance from human activities. For the remote and roadless areas of northern Alaska, USA, effective management of small aircraft activity is necessary to limit disturbance, but effects of overflights on polar bear behavior are largely unknown. During 2021 and 2022, we intentionally exposed polar bears (n = 115) to systematic aircraft activity (helicopter, fixed‐wing) until we observed a disruption of behavior that qualified as a level B take response (e.g., abrupt change in activity or movement) under the MMPA. We used a Bayesian logistic regression to determine what factors influence and can be used to predict when a polar bear will exhibit a level B take response and estimate the probability of an aircraft eliciting a level B take response at different altitudes above the polar bear. Aircraft type, flight altitude, landscape (barrier islands vs. mainland), and bear behavior (active vs. inactive) upon initial aircraft encounter were all important predictors of take. Probability of take rapidly increased with a decrease in flight altitude starting at 450 m for helicopter and 300 m for fixed‐wing aircraft. Active (e.g., standing, walking) polar bears on barrier‐island landscapes were more likely to experience take than inactive (e.g., bedded) bears on mainland landscapes. Our findings can help with assessments and management plans by quantifying disturbance to polar bears from current and future human activity that involves aircraft use.
Particulated juvenile cartilage allograft for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus is associated with a high complication rate and a high failure rate at short‐term follow‐up: A systematic review
Authors: Butler James J. , Rizla Muhammad Raziq Mohammed , Egol Alexander J. , Campbell Hilary , Schoof Lauren , Dahmen Jari , Azam Mohammad T. , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. , Kennedy John G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes together with the complication rates and failure rates at short‐term follow‐up following particulated juvenile cartilage allograft (PJCA) for the management of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT).MethodsDuring October 2023, the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library databases were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies examining outcomes following PJCA for the management of OLTs. Data regarding study characteristics, patient demographics, lesion characteristics, subjective clinical outcomes, radiological outcomes, complications and failures were extracted and analysed.ResultsTwelve studies were included. In total, 241 patients underwent PJCA for the treatment of OLT at a weighted mean follow‐up of 29.0 ± 24.9 months. The weighted mean lesion size was 138.3 ± 59.6 mm2. Prior surgical intervention was recorded in seven studies, the most common of which was microfracture (65.9%). The weighted mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score improved from a preoperative score of 58.5 ± 3.2 to a postoperative score of 83.9 ± 5.3. The weighted mean postoperative magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score was 48.2 ± 3.3. The complication rate was 25.2%, the most common of which was allograft hypertrophy (13.2%). Thirty failures (12.4%) were observed at a weighted mean time of 9.8 ± 9.6 months following the index procedure.ConclusionThis systematic review demonstrated a moderate improvement in subjective clinical outcomes following PJCA for the treatment of OLT at short term follow‐up. However, postoperative MOCART scores were reported as poor. In addition, a high complication rate (25.2%) and a high failure rate (12.4%) at short‐term follow‐up was observed, calling into question the efficacy of PJCA for the treatment of large OLTs. In light of the available evidence, PJCA for the treatment of large OLTs cannot be currently recommended.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Alteration of serum bile acids in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Lee Ikjae , Nandakumar Renu , Haeusler Rebecca A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrophilic endogenous bile acids ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), and glucourosodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) have suggested neuroprotective effects. We performed a case–control study to examine the association between ALS diagnosis and serum levels of bile acids. Sporadic and familial ALS patients, age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls, and presymptomatic gene carriers who donated blood samples were included. Non‐fasted serum samples stored at −80°C were used for the analysis. Serum bile acid levels were measured by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Concentrations of 15 bile acids were obtained, 5 non‐conjugated and 10 conjugated, and compared between ALS versus control groups (presymptomatic gene carriers + healthy controls) using the Wilcoxon‐Rank‐Sum test. In total, 80 participants were included: 31 ALS (17 sporadic and 14 familial ALS); 49 controls (22 gene carriers, 27 healthy controls). The mean age was 50 years old and 50% were male. In the ALS group, 45% had familial disease with a pathogenic variant in C9orf72 (29%), TARDBP (10%), FUS (3%), and CHCHD10 (3%) genes. In the control group, 43% carried pathogenic variants: C9orf72 (27%), SOD1 (10%), and FUS (6%). The serum levels of UDCA, TUDCA, and GUDCA trended higher in the ALS group compared to controls (median 27 vs. 7 nM, 4 vs. 3 nM, 110 vs. 47 nM, p‐values 0.04, 0.06, 0.04, respectively). No significant group differences were found in other bile acids serum levels. In conclusion, the serum level of UDCA, TUDCA, GUDCA trended higher in ALS patients compared to controls, and no evidence of deficiencies was found.
Soft Mesocrystal Enabled Multi‐Degree Light Modulation
Authors: Chen Quanming , Wang Xinyue , Xu Chunting , Chu Hongchen , Yu Hongguan , Ouyang Cheng , Lai Yun , Zheng Zhigang , Liang Xiao , Lu Yanqing , Hu Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMesocrystals introduce high‐level orders, such as chirality, topology, and hierarchy to the crystallography, and thus bring collective and emergent properties beyond traditional crystals. Orthogonally modulating the multiple degrees of light is highly pursued to fully explore the intrinsic multidimensional and large‐scale parallel processing capability of photon informatics. Unfortunately, it is unachievable with traditional light–matter interaction systems. Here, the multi‐degree light modulation is realized based on the hierarchical architecture of a soft mesocrystal. High‐quality monodomains of both blue phase I and blue phase II are formed via regulating the assembly of liquid crystals by photoalignment anchoring and electricity. The mapping relationship between optical freedoms (the spin, wavelength, and geometric phase of light) and hierarchical structures (the chirality of helix, lattice constant, and the azimuthal orientation of cubic lattices) is established. Omnidirectional spatial phase modulation with spin and full color selectivity is demonstrated. Based on the multi‐degree light modulation, 3D and wavelength‐selective orbital angular momentum generation as well as multichannel color holographic display are presented. This work extends the fundamental understanding of blue phase mesocrystals and provides a promising strategy for large‐scale parallel and multi‐degree light modulation that may be utilized in vital fields, such as supercomputing, optical communications, and virtual/augmented realities.
Avastin‐Loaded 3D‐Printed Alginate Scaffold as an Effective Antiadhesive Barrier to Prevent Postsurgical Adhesion Bands Formation
Authors: Vakilian Saeid , Al‐Hashmi Sulaiman , Al‐kindi Juhaina , Al‐Fahdi Fahad , Al‐Wahaibi Nasar , Shalaby Asem , Al‐Riyami Hamad , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Jamshidi‐adegani Fatemeh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPostoperative adhesion can cause complications, such as pain and organ blockage, in the abdominal regions. To address this issue, surgical techniques and antiadhesive treatments are applied. Given the significant role of vascularization in adhesion band formation, Avastin (Ava) that targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can be applied to prevent peritoneal adhesion bands. Moreover, Alginate (Alg), a natural polysaccharide, is a promising physical barrier to prevent adhesion bands. Incorporating Ava into Alg hydrogel in a form of 3D‐printed scaffold (Alg/Ava) has potential to suppress inflammation and angiogenesis, leading to reduce peritoneal adhesion bands. Following physical, morphological, and biocompatibility evaluations, the efficacy of Alg and Ava alone and their combination in Alg/Ava on the formation of postsurgical adhesions is evaluated. Upon confirming physical stability and sustained release of Ava, the Alg/Ava scaffold effectively diminishes both the extent and strength of adhesion bands. Histopathological examination shows that the reduction in fibrosis and inflammation is responsible for preventing adhesion bands by the Alg/Ava scaffold. Additionally, the cytokine assessment reveals that this is due to the inhibition in the secretion of VEGF and Interleukin 6 suppressing vascularization and inflammatory pathways. This study suggests that a 3D‐printed Alg/Ava scaffold has great potential to prevent the postsurgical adhesion bands.
The semiotics of emojis in advertising: An integrated quantitative and qualitative examination of emotional versus functional ad dynamics
Authors: Madadi Rozbeh , Torres Ivonne M. , Zúñiga Miguel Ángel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn today's marketplace, consumers encounter a multitude of advertisements incorporating emojis. This research undertook two complementary studies to assess how individuals appraise emotional versus functional advertisements containing emojis, examining outcomes like processing fluency, claim believability, attitude toward the ad, and purchase intention. Study 1 employed a factorial design, resulting in four experimental conditions: emotional ads without emojis, functional ads without emojis, emotional ads with emojis, and functional ads with emojis. Study 2 delved deeper, offering a qualitative exploration of consumer perceptions and sentiments concerning emojis in advertising contexts. Grounded in the Emotion as social information theory, results indicated that within the sports drink advertising domain, emotional advertising without emojis led to enhanced ad and brand attitudes, purchase intentions, claim believability, and information processing when contrasted with conditions incorporating emojis.
On the Swelling of Polymer Network Strands
Authors: Lang Michael , Scholz Reinhard 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLarge scale computer simulations are employed to analyze the conformations of network strands in polymer networks at preparation conditions (characterized by a polymer volume fraction of ϕ0) and when swollen to equilibrium (characterized by a polymer volume fraction ϕ < ϕ0). Network strands in end‐linked model networks are weakly stretched and partially swollen at preparation conditions as compared to linear polymers in the same solvent at ϕ0. Equilibrium swelling causes non‐ideal chain conformations characterized by an effective scaling exponent approaching 7/10 on intermediate length scales for increasing overlap of the chains. The chain size in a network consists of a fluctuating and a time average “elastic” contribution. The elastic contribution swells essentially affinely ∝(ϕ0/ϕ)2/3, whereas the swelling of the fluctuating part lies between the expected swelling of the entanglement constraints and the swelling of non‐cross‐linked chains in a comparable semi‐dilute solution. The total swelling of chain size results from the changes of both fluctuating and non‐fluctuating contributions.