bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field Testing of Dual-species Synbiotic Microcapsules during IMNV Disease Outbreak and Fluctuate Weather: Growth Performance and Immune Response in Vaname Shrimps
Authors: Ermawati Rikha Putri , Yuhana Munti , Widanarni Widanarni , Afiff Usamah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of synbiotic microcapsules through feed on growth performance and immune response of vaname shrimp in field testing during IMNV disease outbreak and fluctuate weather. Four groups of shrimp(4.11±0.05g) were fed with different doses of synbiotic microcapsules, SIN 0(0%), SIN 0.5(0.5%), SIN 1(1%) and SIN 1.5(1.5%) for 60 days. The synbiotic microcapsules consisted of prebiotic mannanoligosaccharide/MOS, probiotic Pseudoalteromonas piscisida (1UB) and Bacillus cereus (BR2). This study focused on growth performance (survival rate/SR, specific growth rate/SGR, feed conversion ratio/FCR), immune response (total hemocyte count/THC, differential hemocyte count/DHC, respiratory burst/RB, phenoloxidase/PO activity, phagocytic activity/PA), microbiology (total bacterial count/TBC, 1UB+BR2 TetR count, total Vibrio count/TVC) and histopathology. The results showed significant results that synbiotic microcapsules increased SR, SGR also reduced FCR with the best results in SIN 1.5 (SR: 93.50±1.30%. SGR:4.83±0.01% days-1 and FCR:1.16±0.02). Immune response of THC, RB, PO and PA in the synbiotic microcapsule treatment showed higher values with the best results in SIN 1.5 treatment while DHC had no significant difference. The values of TBC, 1UB and BR2 TetR count increased until the 60th day with the highest value in the SIN 1.5 while TVC showed the lowest value in both intestinal and hepatopancreas organs. Histopathological results showed hepatopancreas and intestinal organs experienced tissue damage in all treatments with synbiotic microcapsules showing less damage when compared to SIN 0. In conclusion, supplementation of synbiotic microcapsules through feed can improve growth performance, immune response and suppress Vibrio during outbreak with the best dose of 1.5%.
Conditional connectivities of the n dimensional godan graph
Authors: Hua Xiaohui , Lai Yonghao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Reliability and fault tolerance are two important parameters of an interconnection network. As a topology structure of interconnection networks, thegodan graph EA_n has many good properties. In this paper, we give various connectivities of EA_n: the g-component edge connectivity for $3\leq g\leq 5$, the h-extra edge connectivity for $1\leq h\leq 3$ and the (edge) neighbor connectivity.
Two Fluids in f(T) Gravity with Observational Constraints
Authors: Pawar D D , Gaikwad P S , Ghungarwar N G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, we have examined the behavior of two fluids within the framework of $f(T)$ gravity, while taking into account observational constraints. Our focus was specifically on the Locally Rotationally Symmetric Bianchi-I Universe in the context of $f(T)$ theory of gravity. By investigating the evolution of the universe, we utilized various cosmological parameters, such as the deceleration parameter, equation of state parameter, density parameter, pressureand statefinder diagnostics. Additionally, we analyzed the geometric properties of the model. In the teleparallel theories, we derived the torsion scalar T from the given metric's torsion tensor.
Short-read full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing for characterisation of the respiratory bacteriome of captive and free-ranging African elephants (Loxodonta africana).
Authors: Martin Lauren C. , O’Hare Michaela A. , Ghielmetti Giovanni , Twesigomwe David , Kerr Tanya J. , Gumbo Rachiel , Buss Peter E. , Hemmings Sian M.J. , Miller Michele A. , Goosen Wynand J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hypervariable region sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene plays a critical role in microbial ecology, offering insights into bacterial communities within specific niches. While providing valuable genuslevel information, its reliance on limited genetic data from targeted regions of this gene limits its overall utility. Advances in sequencing have enabled characterisation of the full-length 16S rRNA gene, enhancing species-level classification. Third-generation sequencing technologies can sequence genes in single reads, yet challenges in cost and accessibility persist. Although Illumina's short-read platforms are cost-effective and precise, they lack full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing capability. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a modified 150 bp paired-end 16S rRNA amplicon shortread sequencing technique on the Illumina iSeq 100 by utilising a mock microbial community and subsequently performing exploratory characterisation of captive (zoo) and free-ranging African elephant (Loxodonta africana) respiratory microbiota. Our findings support the viability of the sequencing technique through taxonomic assignment that is consistent with the microbial standard’s theoretical composition. Tentative bacterial signatures, potentially representative of distinct respiratory tract compartments (trunk and lower respiratory tract) were observed, necessitating further investigation with larger sample sizes to gain deeper insights into its implication for elephant physiology and health.
Optimizing Health-Oriented Websites in Iran: Prioritizing APIs using the TOPSIS Method for Enhanced User Experience
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Zahra , Raayatpanah Mohammad Ali 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study to provide website developers and administrators with a systematic and objective approach to evaluate and rank APIs based on predefined criteria, ultimately enhancing the functionality, reliability, and user experience of health-oriented websites.
Method: This study adopts a quantitative research design, employing the TOPSIS method as the analytical framework for evaluating and ranking the available APIs based on predefined criteria. Data for this study is collected through a combination of primary and secondary sources. Primary data is obtained through surveys and interviews with website developers, administrators, and healthcare professionals involved in the development and management of health-oriented websites in Iran. Secondary data is gathered from relevant literature, official documents, and online sources to understand the local context and specific requirements of the Iranian healthcare industry.
Results: A total of 150 APIs were identified and assessed based on specific criteria. The TOPSIS method was employed to determine the order of priority for these APIs. Findings from this study provide valuable insights into enhancing the user experience of health-oriented websites in Iran by effectively selecting and implementing APIs.
Conclusion: By prioritizing APIs based on the TOPSIS method, website developers and managers can optimize the functionality and usability of health-oriented websites, ultimately leading to an enhanced user experience and improved overall satisfaction. The findings from this study contribute to the field of health-oriented website optimization, providing practical recommendations for the selection and integration of APIs in the Iranian context.
The exact solutions of Schrödinger-Hirota equation based on the extended auxiliary equation method
Authors: Du Yajun , Yin Tianle , Pang Jing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Schr\"{o}dinger-Hirota equation are studied in light transmission, optical fiber communication, and nonlinear effects in optics. The extended fourth Jacobi elliptic equation is used in this paper to seek different types of exact solutions, which include bright soliton solutions, kink solutions, periodic wave solutions, and singular traveling wave solutions via selecting appropriate parameters.The characteristics of some solutions are graphically presented using two- and three-dimensional graphs such as the real part, the imaginary part, and their modulus via providing suitable values to arbitrary parameters. Compared to other methods, the method is more direct and easier for calculations.
Analysis of a nonlinear stochastic perturbed HIV model with CD4+ T cells
Authors: Liu Lanxi , Liu Qun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Considering that the consequences of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may lead to exhaustion of $\text{CD4}^{+}$ T cells, this paper investigates a nonlinear stochastic perturbed HIV epidemic model. First, the stochastic Lyapunov function approach is used to establish the condition $\mathcal{R}_{0}^{S}>1$ of having a stationary distribution with the ergodicity property. The approximate probability density around the endemic equilibrium of the stochastic system is then derived by solving the Fokker-Planck equation. In addition, we provide the requirements for disease eradication. Finally, some numerical test results and relevant pictures are given.
PAM 4 Transmission Over OM3 Fiber Using OAM Mode Group Multiplexing
Authors: Shukla Abhishek Mani , Gupta Sumanta 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the bit error rate (BER) performance of the 10 Gbaud PAM4
transmission over conventional multimode fiber using OAM mode group multiplexing. This proof-of-concept study uses two orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode groups, with topological charges I = 0, and l = +1, without using any multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) processing. The study reveals that the 10 Gbaud PAM-4 transmissions are possible using OAM mode multiplexing over 1 km conventional Multimode fiber with some stability challenges. Moreover, we have found that each mode achieved the bit error rate value well below the pre-FEC 3.8 × 10−3 after 1 km of OM3 fiber. This study also reports the open-eye diagrams, which are captured over several minutes, indicating that PAM4 Transmission is possible over conventional fiber. This study also emphasizes that a proper adaptive polarization adjustment is required to achieve long-term stability in terms of reduced crosstalk.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet ratio as a prognostic marker of short-term mortality and disease severity in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury patients in the intensive care unit: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Jinhui , Zhao Qun , Hu Zhenkui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background:Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is a common and life-threatening complication in critically ill patients. The neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet (N/LP) ratio has been identified as a risk factor for the development of S-AKI. However, the relationship between the N/LP ratio and adverse outcomes in S-AKI patients remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the N/LP ratio in S-AKI patients and its potential application in early identification of short-term mortality and severity of AKI.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with S-AKI at our institution between January 2015 and July 2023. Sepsis was diagnosed according to the Sepsis-3 criteria, while AKI diagnoses were made following the KDIGO guideline. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the 30- and 60-day mortality rates among these patients. Additionally, we also aimed to assess the incidence of severe AKI as a secondary endpoint measure.
Results: In this study, a total of 483 patients with S-AKI were included, with a median age of 76.0 (67.0-84.0) years and 296 (61.3%) being male. Among these patients, 332 (68.7%) were classified as stage 1, 79 (16.4%) as stage 2, and 72 (14.9%) as stage 3 AKI. The 30-day mortality rate was 38.9%, and the 60-day mortality rate was 44.3%. Patients in the high N/LP ratio group, as determined by the median at ICU admission, had an increased risk of 30- and 60-day mortality, as well as a higher occurrence of severe AKI (stages 2 and 3). In multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, the high N/LP group exhibited a 1.728-fold increase in 30-day mortality and a 1.702-fold increase in 60-day mortality compared to the low N/LP group. Similarly, in a multivariate logistic regression model, the high N/LP group had a 1.634-fold increased risk of severe AKI occurrence. Spearman's analysis revealed a positive correlation between the N/LP ratio and APACHE II and SOFA scores. Subgroup analyses showed that the association between the N/LP ratio and 30-/60-day mortality and severe AKI occurrence did not differ significantly across strata such as age, hypertension, diabetes, and SOFA score, except for gender and smoking status. Furthermore, the ROC analysis indicated that the initial N/LP ratio at ICU admission had the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.652 and 0.635 for 30- and 60-day mortality prediction, respectively, compared to other biomarkers such as WBC, Neu, Lym, Hb, PLT, CRP, Alb, BUN, uric acid, and lactate. Additionally, the N/LP ratio was found to have good predictive power for severe AKI (AUC: 0.596) in S-AKI prognosis.
Conclusions: The N/LP ratio, which can be easily obtained from routine blood analysis, was independently associated with both 30-/60-day mortality and the occurrence of severe AKI in S-AKI patients.
Surgical Treatment of Duplicated Collecting System in 185 Children: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Liu Zhiyuan , Yu Chengjun , Yang Shuhan , Zhang Jie , Luo Jin , Wen Sheng , Hua Yi , Wei Guanghui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Duplicated collecting system (DCS) is a common congenital urinary tract anomaly in children. It can manifest as complete duplicated collecting system (CDS) or incomplete duplicated collecting system (IDS). While many DCS cases are asymptomatic, some children experience complications such as hydronephrosis, urinary tract infections, incontinence, and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which are often associated other urinary tract anomalies, mainly affecting the upper pole moiety. Surgical intervention is frequently required, and various surgeries are now available.
Patients and Methods:
This retrospective study analyzed data from 185 pediatric patients with DCS who underwent surgical treatment between 2012 and 2021. The choice of surgical approach was based on a comprehensive evaluation by experienced pediatric urologists. The study included different procedures: upper pole heminephrectomy (UHN), endoscopic ureterocele incision (EUI), upper ureteric reimplantation (UIR), and pyeloureteroplasty (PUP).
Result
Results showed that UHN led to complete resolution of hydronephrosis and incontinence in 127 cases. However, 9 (7.1%) experienced febrile urinary tract infections, 5 (3.9%) experienced ureteral stump syndrome, 3 (2.4%) experienced residual renal atrophy and 8 (6.3%) required reoperations. Comparison between laparoscopic and open UHN revealed the benefits of laparoscopic techniques, including shorter hospitalization and fewer complications. EUI provided a minimally invasive option with significantly reduced hospitalization and resulted in reduced hydronephrosis, although 6 (17.6%) cases experienced febrile urinary tract infections (fUTIs) and 4 (11.8%) needed additional surgeries. UIR was successful in relieving incontinence and hydronephrosis, but 1 (5.9%) experienced fUTIs and 1 (5.9%) required reoperation. PUP also resulted in reduced hydronephrosis without complications. No statistically significant difference existed in rates of unplanned reoperations and fUTIs between UHN and nephron-sparing surgeries.
Conclusion
Our experience underscores the effectiveness and safety of UHN, especially when utilizing laparoscopic techniques, to treat DCS, resulting in fewer complications. Procedures like UIR, EUI, and PUP, designed to preserve the duplicated moiety, have proven safe and effective, minimizing renal trauma, and preserving renal function.
Multi-omics reveal that two probiotic strains associated with the gut microbiome and host metabolome contribute to the efficacy of Lactobacillus intervention in alleviating feline chronic kidney disease
Authors: Huang Hsiao-Wen , Kuo Tzu-Chien , Lee Ya-Jane , Chen Ming-Ju 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Gut dysbiosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) contributes to deteriorating CKD progression. However, alterations in microbial function and their association with metabolic pathways in feline CKD pathophysiology remain unclear. Our previous findings revealed that Lactobacillus mix (Lm) intervention alleviates CKD progression by recovering dysbiotic gut microbiota and harmonizing the gut environment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Lm intervention in feline CKD and elucidate the mechanisms underlying host-microbe interactions.
Results
We performed full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics in a pilot study of cats with stage 2–3 CKD to characterize the intricate interactions between the gut microbiome and serum metabolome. During the eight weeks of Lm intervention, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were reduced or maintained in most cats with CKD. Similarly, gut-derived uremic toxins (GDUT) were downregulated in the serum. Gut microbiome data revealed that Lm markedly improved intestinal diversity, altered the levels of specific bacterial taxa, and upregulated microbial functions, especially those involved in the GDUT and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) biosynthesis pathways. Furthermore, the distribution of Lm strains was higher in cats who exhibited better outcomes after Lm intervention. The modulation of microbial functions involved GDUT (tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine metabolism) and SCFA (pyruvate, propanoate, and butanoate metabolism) biosynthesis pathways. Gut-derived metabolites were more explicit in high responders among cats with CKD, demonstrating the downregulation of indoxyl sulfate, p-cresyl sulfate, and phenyl sulfate. This result further demonstrated the upregulation of acetic acid, butyric acid, and propionic acid. Finally, the abundance of Lm strains was negatively or positively correlated with GDUT and SCFA levels.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates an Lm-mediated interconnection between the modulation of microbial composition, metabolic reactions, and metabolite profiles. Moreover, Lm intervention contributed to varied individualized outcomes in the levels of gut-derived metabolites and kidney function in cats with CKD. This indicates that the colonization of probiotic strains intrinsically impacts their efficacy in alleviating CKD, suggesting that identifying crucial factors influencing microbial colonization is essential for developing adaption strategies to improve outcomes.
Development of a client exit survey tool to measure person-centered contraceptive counseling as part of a quality improvement process in Kenyan hospitals
Authors: Sitrin Deborah , Laudeman Grace , Odipo Erick Onyango , Ndombi Salome 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Simple methods and tools that health care facilities can routinely use to measure trends in the quality of family planning (FP) counseling are necessary for applying a quality improvement process. This paper describes the development and testing of a client exit survey tool that is being used by quality improvement teams in 8 hospitals in Kenya to improve FP counseling.
Methods
A stakeholder consultation was held in Kenya to select questions from existing tools that measure client-reported quality of FP services and were validated or tested in low or middle-income countries. Ten questions were selected: 4 comprising the Person-Centered Contraceptive Counseling (PCCC) measure, 4 comprising the Method Information Index Plus (MII+), 1 comprising the Net Promoter Score, and 1 pulled from the Service Provision Assessment. We then conducted cognitive interviews with 18 women receiving FP services in Kenya to assess their understanding of questions, the face validity of the tool, and client preferences for survey logistics.
Results
There were mixed results in understanding of PCCC questions, which had not been used in Kenya previously: two were easily understood while two were frequently misunderstood. Respondents generally reported the survey was not difficult to understand and it was not hard to respond to questions. The results of asking participants to rank survey items from most to least important were that PCCC statements ranked most important followed by MII+ items. The Net Promoter Score ranked lowest. Few participants thought questions needed to be added to the tool to capture what they view as quality provider-client interactions. Most participants were unable to select questions for removal. Respondents had differing preferences for how to take the survey, with the most popular mode (8/18) being that the client reads and responds to the survey herself on paper followed by a facility staff member reading the questions aloud and the client recording her responses on paper (5/18).
Conclusions
A client exit survey tool incorporating the PCCC and MII+ scales seems reasonably understandable and to have good face validity in measuring dimensions of FP counseling important to clients in Kenya.
Brain oscillations and functional connectivity involved in single-letter processing
Authors: Takai Osamu , Herdman Anthony T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Understanding how the spectral-spatial-temporal dynamics of neural activity and information transfer among brain regions is an important goal in knowing how visual and orthographic information is processed throughout the human brain. This study aimed at understanding these dynamics for letter processing by investigating oscillatory and functional connectivity in the first-language (L1) adult brain. We used a multi-source beamforming method for EEG source modeling of the event-related potentials to single letter and pseudoletter stimuli in order to minimize findings of false connections. Time-frequency analyses were performed using wavelet analyses of the electrode and source waveforms. Event-related enhanced power within the theta band (4–8 Hz) was significantly different between letters and pseudoletters within the 0-300 ms, but removing the evoked response contributions mostly abolished this effect. More event-related depressed power was seen for letters than pseudoletters within the alpha band (9–15 Hz). Phase-locking value (PLV) network connectivity results showed significantly greater connectivity within theta band for pseudoletters than letters within a posteriorly distributed network. Alpha-band connectivity was significantly more desynchronized among posterior brain regions for letters than pseudoletters between 85–400 ms. Overall connectivity, revealed similar amounts of synchronized connectivity for letters and pseudoletters but predominantly more desynchronized connectivity for letters than pseudoletters. Overall network was more left-lateralized for both synchronized and desynchronized connections, regardless of stimulus condition (letters and pseudoletters). These results indicated that visual processing of letters and pseudoletters occur within a widely distributed left-dominant network with significant differences in oscillatory activity and network dynamics between letters and pseudoletters.