bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of perturbation growth in a round laminar jet
Authors: Gareev Linar , Vedeneev Vasily , Ivanov Oleg , Zayko Julia , Ashurov Denis , Reshmin Alexander , Trifonov Vladimir 
Published: October 2023

AbstractJet flows have many applications in various technical processes such as temperature control, mixing, spraying and so forth. Along with wide usage in technology and manufacturing, jet flows are the object of fundamental scientific interest. In particular, a proper understanding of laminar‐turbulent transition in jets is highly important. In this experimental work, we study round laminar submerged jet flow of air and the evolution of controlled perturbations. First, the modal perturbation growth mechanism was under consideration. Thin metal rings were put into the jet at a small distance from the orifice to amplify unstable eigen modes of the jet by oscillating at different frequencies. Experimental and theoretically predicted wavelengths, radial distributions of velocity fluctuations and amplification curves of modal perturbations were compared and a good correspondence was found. Second, the non‐modal perturbation growth mechanism was under consideration. To excite algebraic perturbation growth, we put special wavy structures (deflectors) into the jet, which provide a roller‐like transverse motion in the perturbed jet. The features of the transition to turbulence caused by this non‐modal growth were considered. Based on obtained experimental results, we definitely identify the non‐modal ‘lift‐up’ growth mechanism of introduced disturbances. The development of perturbations qualitatively corresponds to the theoretically calculated optimal perturbations.
A scoping review of tendon transfer surgeries and postsurgical physical therapy interventions in individuals with massive rotator cuff tears
Authors: Salazar‐Méndez Joaquín , Morales‐Verdugo Juan , Lluch‐Girbés Enrique , Araya‐Quintanilla Felipe , Ribeiro Ivana Leao , Mendoza‐Grau Raimundo , Mellado‐Méndez Jonathan , Mendez‐Rebolledo Guillermo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify tendon transfer surgeries and postsurgical physical therapy interventions in people with massive rotator cuff (RC) tears.MethodsThe literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and PEDro databases from inception to September 2022. Studies with patients diagnosed with massive RC tears undergoing tendon transfers that reported physical therapy interventions after surgery were included. Two reviewers pooled the data into ad hoc summary tables with the following information: authors, year, study characteristics (sample size, tendon transfer surgical used, approach type, preoperative risk, deficit addressed, additional surgical interventions), and physical therapy interventions (early stage, intermediate stage, and advanced stage).ResultsForty‐four articles (59.0% case series) were included, with a total sample of 1213 participants. The most frequently used surgery was the isolated tendon transfer of the latissimus dorsi (49.1%). Most of the studies reported three main stages of physical therapy interventions after tendon transfer surgery: early stage (lasting 5–6 weeks), intermediate stage (started at 7–12 weeks), and advanced stage (started at 12 weeks). Physical therapy interventions included passive, active‐assisted, resisted therapeutic exercise, and hydrotherapy.ConclusionsThe evidence regarding physical therapy interventions after RC tendon transfer surgery is limited to the number and duration of the stages and general characteristics without specifying the type and dose of the interventions. Future research with high methodological quality should integrate more detailed rehabilitation protocols to better guide therapeutic decisions after RC transfer surgery.
Circular dichroism and electronic structure calculations on naproxen
Authors: Wenzel Stephan , Buss Volker 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of naproxen exhibits bisignate behaviour in the 210–250 nm region with pronounced temperature dependence, indicating a dynamic solution behaviour. According to semi‐empirical (PM3, AM1) calculations, four conformations have to be considered in order to describe the potential energy surface of the molecule. These conformations, all chiral, differ in the relative orientation of the carboxyl group with respect to the naphthalene moiety, which could explain the differences observed in the CD spectra. Electronic structure calculations employing CNDO/S and coupled oscillator theory suggest that the two oppositely signed CD bands of naproxen are not the two components of a couplet but result from excitations of the naphthalene 1Ba and 1Bb states that are coupled to the carboxyl ππ* transition. The four conformations are attributed to two different coupling patterns; implications with respect to observed spectra are discussed.
Sensitivity of spiders from different ecosystems to lambda‐cyhalothrin: effects of phylogeny and climate
Authors: Duque Tomás , Chowdhury Sumaiya , Isaia Marco , Pekár Stano , Riess Kai , Scherf Gregor , Schäfer Ralf B , Entling Martin H 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn spite of their importance as arthropod predators, spiders have received little attention in the risk assessment of pesticides. In addition, research has mainly focused on a few species commonly found in agricultural habitats. Spiders living in more natural ecosystems may also be exposed to and affected by pesticides, including insecticides. However, their sensitivity and factors driving possible variations in sensitivity between spider taxa are largely unknown. To fill this gap, we quantified the sensitivity of 28 spider species from a wide range of European ecosystems to lambda‐cyhalothrin in an acute exposure scenario.RESULTSSensitivity varied among the tested populations by a factor of 30. Strong differences in sensitivity were observed between families, but also between genera within the Lycosidae. Apart from the variation explained by the phylogeny, spiders from boreal and polar climates were more sensitive than spiders from warmer areas. Overall, the median lethal concentration (LC50) of 85% of species was below the recommended application rate of lambda‐cyhalothrin (75 ng a.i. cm−2).CONCLUSIONOur study underlines the high sensitivity of spiders to lambda‐cyhalothrin, which can lead to unintended negative effects on pest suppression in areas treated with this insecticide. The strong differences observed between families and genera indicate that the functional composition of spider communities would change in affected areas. Overall, the variation in spider sensitivity suggests that multispecies investigations should be more widely considered in pesticide risk assessment. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Uniform, Strain‐Free, Large‐Scale Graphene and h‐BN Monolayers Enabled by Hydrogel Substrates
Authors: Belyaeva Liubov , Ludwig Cyril , Lai Yu‐Cheng , Chou Chia‐Ching , Shih Chih‐Jen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTranslation of the unique properties of 2D monolayers from non‐scalable micron‐sized samples to macroscopic scale is a longstanding challenge obstructed by the substrate‐induced strains, interface nonuniformities, and sample‐to‐sample variations inherent to the scalable fabrication methods. So far, the most successful strategies to reduce strain in graphene are the reduction of the interface roughness and lattice mismatch by using hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN), with the drawback of limited uniformity and applicability to other 2D monolayers, and liquid water, which is not compatible with electronic devices. This work demonstrates a new class of substrates based on hydrogels that overcome these limitations and excel h‐BN and water substrates at strain relaxation enabling superiorly uniform and reproducible centimeter‐sized sheets of unstrained monolayers. The ultimate strain relaxation and uniformity are rationalized by the extreme structural adaptability of the hydrogel surface owing to its high liquid content and low Young's modulus, and are universal to all 2D materials irrespective of their crystalline structure. Such platforms can be integrated into field effect transistors and demonstrate enhanced charge carrier mobilities in graphene. These results present a universal strategy for attaining uniform and strain‐free sheets of 2D materials and underline the opportunities enabled by interfacing them with soft matter.
The Mixing Layer in the Absence of the Mean Stress
Authors: Jaňour Z. , Jonáš P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA simple gradient model of turbulence diffusion is suggested that takes into account an external turbulence. The calculations by this model confirm that the mean shear stress influences the turbulence production and does not substantially influence the diffusion. The model is tested for the flow behind two parallel grids separated by the blade and the results of calculations are compared with experiments.
Chancen und Limitationen der nichthormonellen Kontrazeption
Authors: Segerer Sabine , Böttcher Bettina 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungNichthormonelle Kontrazeptiva sind in den letzten Jahren zunehmend gefragt. Spitzenreiter ist dabei das Kondom, welches zu den Barrieremethoden gehört. Auch Methoden der natürlichen Familienplanung, Intrauterinpessare und operative Methoden (Sterilisation, Vasektomie) gehören zur nichthormonellen Kontrazeption. Die Effektivität der Barrieremethoden und auch der Methoden der natürlichen Familienplanung hängt dabei stark von der konsistenten und korrekten Anwendung ab, während die Einlage von intrauterinen Pessaren oder operative Methoden unabhängig von der Anwendung sind und diese Methoden somit auch eine hohe kontrazeptive Effektivität besitzen. Wichtig ist eine individuelle Beratung vor Wahl der kontrazeptiven Methode, welche die aktuelle Lebenssituation der Anwender:innen, die kontrazeptive Effektivität, mögliche gesundheitliche Risiken und die Akzeptanz der Methode berücksichtigt.
Control of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei on Barley Leaves by Treatment with Fungi-Consuming Protist Isolates
Authors: Sacharow Julia , Salehi-Mobarakeh Elnaz , Ratering Stefan , Imani Jafargholi , Österreicher Cunha-Dupont Alessandra , Schnell Sylvia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe obligate biotrophic fungal pathogenBlumeria graminiscauses the powdery mildew disease of cereals, which results in large crop losses.Control ofB. graminisin barley is mainly achieved by fungicide treatment and by breeding resistant varieties. Vampyrellid amoebae, just like mycophagous protists, are able to consume a variety of fungi. To reveal the impact of some selected fungus-consuming protists onBlumeria graminisf. sp.hordei(Bgh), and to evaluate the possibility of using these protists as biological agents in the future, their feeding behaviour onB. graminisspores on barley leaves was investigated. An experiment was carried out with five different protist isolates (Leptophrys vorax,Platyreta germanica,Theratromyxa weberiU 11,Theratromyxa weberiG7.2 andAcanthamoeba castellanii) and four matched controls, including the food sources of the cultures and the medium. Ten-day-old leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgarecv. Golden Promise) were first inoculated withBlumeria graminis(f. sp.hordeirace A6) spores, then treated with protists and fungal colonies on the leaf surfaces were counted under the microscope after 5 days. The isolatesL. vorax,P. germanica,andT. weberiU11 did not show a significant reduction in the number of powdery mildew colonies whereas the isolatesT. weberiG7.2 andA. castellaniisignificantly reduced the number of powdery mildew colonies on the leaf surfaces compared to their respective controls. This indicates that these two isolates are capable of reducingB. graminiscolonies on barley leaves and are suitable candidates for further investigation for possible use as biological agents. Nevertheless, the susceptibility to dryness and the cell division rate should be considered during the optimisation of the next steps like application procedure and whole plant treatment.
Incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and patient outcome following transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair
Authors: Syryca Finn , Pellegrini Costanza , Gollreiter Marie , Nicol Philipp , Mayr N. Patrick , Alvarez-Covarrubias Hector A. , Altaner Niklas , Rheude Tobias , Holdenrieder Stefan , Schunkert Heribert , Kastrati Adnan , Joner Michael , Xhepa Erion , Trenkwalder Teresa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a common finding after cardiovascular interventions. Data on the incidence of SIRS and its impact on outcome in patients undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (MV-TEER) for mitral regurgitation (MR) is lacking.

Methods
From January 2013 to December 2020, 373 patients with moderate or severe MR undergoing MV-TEER were included. SIRS was defined as at least two of the following criteria within 48 h after the procedure: leucocyte count > 12.0 or < 4.0 × 109/l, respiratory rate > 20 breaths per minute or PaCO2 ≤ 4.3 kPa/32 mmHg, heart rate > 90 bpm and temperature > 38.0 °C or < 36.0 °C. The primary endpoint was 3-years all-cause mortality.

Results
SIRS was observed in 49.6% (185/373) of patients. Patients who developed SIRS presented more frequently with NYHA III/IV at baseline [SIRS: 82.4% (149/185) vs. no SIRS: 79.0% (147/188); p = 0.029]. Patients who developed SIRS spent more days on ICU (p < 0.001) and overall length of stay was longer (p < 0.001). Relevant residual MR, defined as MR ≥ III in-hospital, was present more often in patients who developed SIRS [SIRS: 11.3% (20/177) vs. no SIRS: 3.93% (7/178), p = 0.036]. At 3 years, all-cause mortality in the entire population was 33.5% (125/373) with an increased all-cause mortality in patients with SIRS compared to patients without SIRS (HR 1.49, [CI 95% 1.04, 2.13]; p = 0.0264). In the multivariate analysis development of SIRS (HR 1.479 [CI 95% 1.016, 2.154]; p = 0.041) was identified as predictor for 3-years all-cause mortality.

Conclusions
SIRS is a common finding after MV-TEER occurring in approximately half of patients. SIRS after MV-TEER was associated with a longer in-hospital stay. In addition, we observed an increased 3-years all-cause mortality in patients with SIRS.

Graphical abstract
Murray law-based quantitative flow ratio to assess left main bifurcation stenosis: selecting the angiographic projection matters
Authors: Kotoku Nozomi , Ninomiya Kai , Ding Daixin , O’Leary Neil , Tobe Akihiro , Miyashita Kotaro , Masuda Shinichiro , Kageyama Shigetaka , Garg Scot , Leipsic Jonathon A. , Mushtaq Saima , Andreini Daniele , Tanaka Kaoru , de Mey Johan , Wijns William , Tu Shengxian , Piazza Nicolo , Onuma Yoshinobu , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMurray law-based quantitative flow ratio (µQFR) assesses fractional flow reserve (FFR) in bifurcation lesions using a single angiographic view, enhancing the feasibility of analysis; however, accuracy may be compromised in suboptimal angiographic projections. FFRCT is a well-validated non-invasive method measuring FFR from coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA). We evaluated the feasibility of µQFR in left main (LM) bifurcations, the impact of the optimal/suboptimal fluoroscopic view with respect to CCTA, and its diagnostic concordance with FFRCT. In 300 patients with three-vessel disease, the values of FFRCT and µQFR were compared at distal LM, proximal left anterior descending artery (pLAD) and circumflex artery (pLCX). The optimal viewing angle of LM bifurcation was defined on CCTA by 3-dimensional coordinates and converted into a 2-dimensional fluoroscopic view. The best fluoroscopic projection was considered the closest angulation to the optimal viewing angle on CCTA. µQFR was successfully computed in 805 projections. In the best projections, µQFR sensitivity was 88.2% (95% CI 76.1–95.6) and 84.8% (71.1–93.7), and specificity was 96.8% (93.8–98.6) and 97.2% (94.4–98.9), in pLAD and pLCX, respectively, with regard to FFRCT. The AUC of µQFR for predicting FFRCT ≤ 0.80 tended to be improved using the best versus suboptimal projections (0.94 vs. 0.89 [p = 0.048] in pLAD; 0.94 vs. 0.88 [p = 0.075] in pLCX). Computation of µQFR in LM bifurcations using a single angiographic view showed high feasibility from post-hoc analysis of coronary angiograms obtained for clinical purposes. The fluoroscopic viewing angle influences the diagnostic performance of physiological assessment using a single angiographic view.
Advances in the Management of Recurrent Cervical Cancer: State of the Art and Future Perspectives
Authors: Giudice Elena , Mirza Mansoor Raza , Lorusso Domenica 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review aims to give an insight into the currently available options for recurrent/metastatic (R/M) cervical cancer (CC), along with the main future, potentially practice-changing perspectives in this field.

Recent Findings
Improvements in terms of tumor responses were observed with the use of immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) in the previously treated CC population, followed by emerging striking data in terms of both antitumor activity and survival rates with the addition of the ICIs to platinum-based chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab in the first-line setting. Furthermore, the CC treatment landscape took another step forward in 2021 with the introduction of antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) in the second-line setting, a highly targeted therapeutic strategy, which demonstrated to be a valid alternative option in the recurrent setting.

Summary
R/M CC is a hard-to-treat disease. However, after several years of limited systemic therapeutic options for the recurrent setting, the year 2018 marked a turning point for R/M CC patients, with the introduction of immunotherapy in the treatment paradigm, which completely reshaped the therapeutic armamentarium of the disease. Besides, another valuable treatment option represented by ADCs demonstrated its efficacy in the recurrent setting, thus further widening the treatment landscape for those patients. Yet, the introduction of immunotherapy in the upfront setting brought along new issues to be addressed such as the emerging ICIs resistance and the following need for alternative options in the post-ICIs setting. Several innovative therapeutic strategies are under investigation in ongoing clinical trials, with the aim of overcoming ICIs resistance with the addition of immunomodulatory agents or bypassing the ICIs resistance with novel alternative drugs.
The Relationship Between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Cluster C Personality Disorder Traits: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Angelos , Despoti Akylina , Varveri Christina , Wiegand Marie C. A. , Lobbestael Jill 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose of review
We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the literature on the relationship between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and Cluster C personality disorders (PDs). Our aim was to clarify which of the 18 EMSs exhibit the strongest associations and are most frequently endorsed in clinical and non-clinical samples with Cluster C PDs and traits.

Recent findings
After initially screening 2622 records, 12 studies were selected with 5310 participants. Meta-analyses of the raw correlation coefficients for each EMS-Cluster C PD link (3-8 studies per meta-analysis) indicated that the 18 EMSs were significantly related to all three Cluster C PDs with r’s ranging from .13 to .63. However, when considering endorsement rates among multiple regression studies that controlled for the EMSs intercorrelations and the effects of other PD traits and demographics, specific EMS constellations emerged for each Cluster C PD.

Summary
Overall, the findings of the current paper suggest that Cluster C PDs might be conceptualized on the basis of a hybrid EMS model, in which all EMSs contribute to global personality dysfunction whereas specific EMS patterns reflect unique personality disorder style expressions. Longitudinal research with appropriate methodology is needed to draw more definite conclusions on the EMSs-Cluster C PDs relationships.
Virtue, Self-Narratives, and the Causes of Action
Authors: Lumsden David , Ulatowski Joseph 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVirtues can be considered to play a causal role in the production of behaviour and so too can our self-narratives. We identify a point of connection between the two cases and draw a parallel between them. But, those folk psychological notions, virtues and self-narratives, fail to reduce smoothly to the underlying human physiology. As a first step towards handling that failure to connect with the scientific framework that is the familiar grounding for our understanding of causation, we consider the causal theory of action, a leading theory of action, which shows how reasons, understood as an appropriate pair of beliefs and desires, can be treated as causes of action. Davidson’s picture is based on cause as a relation between events, which can have both a description in scientific terms and in folk psychological terms. The character of both virtues and self-narratives is not that of events, even extended ones, so we need to refer to examples of scientific explanation that incorporate structural properties of objects. While we retain the spirit of the causal theory, we wish to guard against any unwarranted optimism that an explicitly scientific explanation for human action lies in our future, drawing on Chomsky’s view that a causal explanation of human actions is likely to remain beyond human science forming capacities. We take a mild-realist view of virtues and self-narratives, in the style of Dennett. We argue that, in spite of that limited form of realism, underlined by Chomsky’s mysterian position in this domain, we still need to frame our explanations of behaviour based on virtues and self-narratives in causal terms.
Environmental awareness and willingness to pay for biodiversity improvement in Puerto Rico
Authors: Tavárez Héctor , Abelleira Oscar , Elbakidze Levan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBiodiversity is vital for sustainable forest ecosystems. However, community values for forest biodiversity depend on environmental engagement, education, and awareness. The objectives of this study are to (1) assess households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for native plant and tree nursery in the Rio Hondo Community Forest (RHCF) of Puerto Rico, with the specific goal of supporting biodiversity and (2) examine the influence of environmental awareness on preferences for biodiversity improvement. Using a contingent valuation method, we find that households are willing to contribute $43/year to support biodiversity in the RHCF by planting native plants and trees, and that environmental awareness increases the support for biodiversity projects. The results suggest that outcomes of economic cost-benefit analyses can depend on environmental awareness. Hence, programs that support environmental awareness can improve economic efficiency of environmental protection projects.