bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MoWe: Motion Observation for Wind Estimation of Sailing Robots
Authors: Sun Qinbo , Qi Weimin , Qian Huihuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTToward sustained mobility in complex marine environment, there is an urgent need for sailing robots to operate robustly when wind measurements are unavailable (e.g., wind sensors are damaged). This study proposes an effective motion observation‐based wind estimation (MoWe) scheme, which enables the robotic sailboat to consistently acquire wind information from its own maneuvers. MoWe incorporates motion analysis (MA) and data‐driven (DD) methods. In the MA method, dead zone constraints of the robotic sailboat are identified as crucial references in deriving wind direction. For the DD approach, the sailing robot as shown in Figure 1 is employed to collect a data set, which serves as the basis for regressing an estimator. We conducted extensive validation tests in both simulation and experiments. Results indicate favorable performance for both methods in simulated scenarios. Notably, the DD method exhibited higher estimation accuracy in all experiments. The mean absolute error (MAE) of estimated wind direction was 4.25°, with the range of confidence interval spanning from 25.13° to 33.56°, demonstrating the robustness of the DD method. Furthermore, the estimation of wind direction has been successfully applied in straight‐line sailing tests, and the wind magnitude has been estimated. The MAE of wind magnitude estimation was 1.13m/s.
Indolin‐2‐Ones: A New Approach to Inflammation, Targeting LPS via GSK3β/NLRP3
Authors: Klochkov Vladlen , Babkov Denis , Borisov Alexander , Ianalieva Laura , Danilov Roman , Bezsonova Elena , Sosonyuk Sergey , Lozinskaya Natalia , Spasov Alexander 
Published: February 2025

AbstractChronic inflammation is a key pathogenic driver in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases. Previously we identified highly active GSK3β inhibitors with antidiabetic potential among 3,5‐disubstituted indolin‐2‐one derivatives. We found that these derivatives also possess a direct antioxidant activity, which was shown in in luminol‐H2O2 and ABTS in vitro systems with IC50 level was up to 6.0 and 34.6 µM respectively. GSK3β is an essential part LPS‐induced NF‐κB and NLRP3 pathways activation. Hence, the most active compounds 3 and 5 were evaluated and found to exhibit high anti‐inflammatory activity in LPS‐induced activation of primary murine macrophages with IL‐6 IC50 from 8.7 to 63.5 µM without cytotoxicity and also prevent LPS + ATP‐induced NLRP3 activation in macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Alongside compounds 3 and 5 retain macrophages phagocytic activity unlike dexamethasone. Animal's studies showed effective prevention of LPS‐induced rat paw edema volume, NO, TNFα, and IL‐1β formation after 30 mg/kg per oral administration. Hence, we identified candidates combining antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities promising as agents against inflammation‐linked chronic diseases.
Bimetallic Particles Supported on Mordenite and Alumina for as Catalysts for Methane Oxidation
Authors: Rosales M. C. Aldo Vázquez , Lucio‐Ortiz Carlos J. , Rivera de la Rosa Javier , Maldonado Carolina Solis , Dimas Rivera Gloria , Sandoval‐Rangel Ladislao , De Haro del Río David Alejandro , Flores‐Escamilla Gerardo A. , Martínez Diana Bustos , López Iván Alonso Santos , Pedraza Eileen Susana Carrillo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOxygenated compounds methane derivates like formaldehyde and methanol have become important primary chemicals in the manufacturing of various consumer products and chemical intermediates used in the petrochemical sector. This study investigates the catalytic conversion of methane over bimetallic particles supported on mordenite and alumina. Various catalyst compositions, including Pt‐Ru, Pd‐Ru, and Cu‐Ru, were synthesized and characterized using techniques such as X‐ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The catalytic performance of these catalysts was evaluated in methane oxidation reactions at different temperatures. Results indicate that temperature strongly influences methane conversion and selectivity toward desired products such as methanol and formaldehyde, mainly the Pt‐Ru combination based on mordenite and alumina which obtained 45% and 78% of formaldehyde selectivity respectively, furthermore, the highest methane conversion was performed by this combination for both supports. Catalysts with specific crystal structures exhibit higher selectivity toward formaldehyde, highlighting the importance of catalyst design. Additionally, a trade‐off between methane conversion and selectivity toward methanol and formaldehyde was observed. Overall, this study provides insights into optimizing catalytic systems for methane conversion, with implications for the development of efficient and selective catalysts for practical applications.
Alkylation of Aniline with Benzyl Alcohol by Using Ni/O‐Clay: Kinetic Studies
Authors: Poman Aishwarya , Kamble Paresh , Rathod Virendra , Kantam Mannepalli Lakshmi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study investigates the alkylation of aniline using benzyl alcohol over a Ni (30)/O‐clay catalyst, focusing on optimizing reaction conditions and understanding the reaction kinetics. The catalyst demonstrated 70% conversion of aniline with 75% selectivity toward benzylideneaniline (BDA) at 343 K in a 6‐hour reaction time. Catalyst characterization was performed using BET, NH3‐TPD, XRD, and FE‐SEM techniques, revealing a mesoporous structure with strong and medium acidic sites that enhance catalytic activity. Key parameters influencing the reaction, including temperature, molar ratio, catalyst loading, oxidants, and solvents, were systematically investigated. The Weisz‐Prater criterion confirmed the absence of mass transfer resistance, and kinetic studies validated the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood‐Hougen‐Watson (LHHW) mechanism. The activation energy was calculated and found to be 37 kcal/mol. The Ni (30)/O‐clay catalyst exhibited excellent reusability, maintaining activity and selectivity up to four reaction cycles. This work highlights the potential of Ni‐organoclay catalyst for green, cost‐effective synthesis of alkylated aniline derivatives, paving the way for sustainable and efficient industrial processes. The results emphasize the importance of heterogeneous catalysts in enhancing selectivity and minimizing by‐products in environmentally friendly chemical transformations.
Super Tough Anti‐freezing and Antibacterial Hydrogel With Multi‐crosslinked Network for Flexible Strain Sensor
Authors: Liu Huimin , Guan Shiqiang , Wang Pengwei , Dong Xufeng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAddressing the diverse environmental demands for electronic material performance, the design of a multifunctional ionic conductive hydrogel with mechanical flexibility, anti‐freezing capability, and antibacterial characteristics represents an optimal solution. Leveraging the Dead Sea effect and the strong hydrogen bonding, this study exploits the CaCl2 and the abundant hydroxyl groups in phytic acid (PA) to induce chain entanglements, thereby constructing a complex, multi‐crosslinked network. Furthermore, PA and ternary solvent systems (CaCl2/Glycerol/H2O) synergistically impart excellent mechanical strength, toughness (with tensile strength of 8.93 MPa, elongation at break of 859.93%, and toughness of 39.92 MJ m−3), high electrical conductivity, antifreeze capability, antibacterial properties, and high strain sensitivity (gauge factor up to 2.10) to the hydrogels. Remarkably, the hydrogel structure maintains stability even after undergoing 6000 loading‐unloading cycles, demonstrating its outstanding fatigue resistance. Upon receiving external stimuli, the hydrogel exhibits a response time of 126 ms, making it ideal for the dynamic monitoring of human motion signals. This study offers novel insight into the potential application of ionic conductive hydrogels as flexible sensors in challenging environments.
2C‐Ternary Content Addressable Memory in Memcapacitor Crossbar Array with NAND Flash Structure
Authors: Hwang Hwiho , Yu Junsu , Youn Sangwook , Choi Woo Young , Kim Hyungjin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAs one of the data‐intensive in‐memory computing hardware, ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) stands out for its efficient in‐memory‐searching capability, enabling high‐throughput and low‐latency computing. However, TCAMs, especially those based on resistive non‐volatile memories, face challenges in limited resistance ratio (Rhigh/Rlow) that deteriorate sensing margin and energy efficiency. Addressing these issues, a TCAM cell composed of two memcapacitors (2C‐TCAM) based on NAND flash array structure is proposed. The 2C‐TCAM utilizes the memcapacitors coupled with the mature technology of flash cells for reliable operation and high‐density (8F2) array configuration. Thanks to the capacitive readout of memcapacitors, the 2C‐TCAM achieves near‐zero static power consumption and minimizes IR drop effect. Consequently, highly parallel and reliable search functionality can be obtained even in large arrays while preserving the sensing margin. Electrical characteristics and operation schemes of the proposed 2C‐TCAM cell are validated through fabrication and measurements, and array operations are experimentally demonstrated using a 24 × 48 memcapacitor crossbar array with sensing circuits. Additionally, the system‐level performance of the 2C‐TCAM array is analyzed, considering the device programming accuracy. Search times of 47 ps and energy consumption of 11.7 fJ per bit are achieved by scaling down the device cell area to 1 µm2.
Multi‐Component Phase Engineering Strategy Modulates Potassiation Reaction Energy Barrier of Alloying Anode for Stable Potassium Storage
Authors: Wang Feiyue , Cheng Hanwen , Ren Jingke , Feng Wencong , Cheng Chaojie , Guan Deyang , Liao Xiaobin , Luo Wen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRed phosphorus (RP) has received much attention in potassium storage because of its inexpensive cost and high theoretical capacity, but faces the issues of volume expansion and poor conductivity. Fortunately, phosphorus–selenium hybridization solves these issues by forming an alloy anode that combines RP's high capacity with Se's high conductivity. But the weak chemical affinity between RP and Se makes it often difficult to form stable and homogeneous mixtures during preparation. To address this, this study introduces hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) as a bridging source to facilitate the close coupling of the RP and Se composite phases. The optimized multi‐component anode exhibits high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE reaching 73.0%), good cycling stability (3000 cycles at 1 A g−1), and outstanding rate performance (a discharge specific capacity of 157.3 mAh g⁻¹ even at 2 A g⁻¹). Further investigation reveals that the introduction of h‐BN reduces activation energy for interfacial charge transfer and K+ to cross the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). It also decreases the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) of the potassiation reaction's decisive step. Therefore, the introduction of a third phase enhances the coupling effect of alloy‐based composites, providing a method for designing secondary battery electrodes with high capacity.
In Situ Coordinated MOF‐Polymer Composite Electrolyte for Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries with Exceptional High‐Rate Performance
Authors: Chai Yan , Gao Jiansheng , Yang Liangtao , Wu Wei , Ning De , Chen Zhongjun , Huang Wanxia , Zhang Gaoyuan , Gao Rui , Zhou Dong , Wang Jun , Huang Si‐Min , Li Yongli 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe integration of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and electrospun polymer fibers offers the potential to achieve uniform dispersion and high loading of fillers, providing a unique perspective for advancing composite solid electrolytes in solid‐state lithium metal batteries. In this work, a composite solid electrolyte is fabricated through a combination of electrospinning and chemical immersion, facilitating the in situ nucleation and growth of HKUST‐1 on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofibers. The in situ coordinated HKUST‐1 particles not only modify the solvation structure of Li+ and the coordination environment of TFSI−, but also encapsulate PAN fibers to mitigate interfacial side reactions with lithium metal, thereby improving interfacial stability. Consequently, the solid‐state electrolyte achieves a high Li ion transference number of 0.77 and an impressive critical current density of 4.5 mA cm−2. The assembled Li||Li symmetric cell exhibits stable operation for over 4000 h at 4.0 mA cm−2, while Li||LFP and Li||NCM811 cells demonstrate exceptional rate capability and cycling stability. This work provides valuable insights into the design and fabrication of MOF/polymer‐based composite solid electrolytes.
Improving Charge Transfer Kinetics of Ni Hydroxide Through Chromium: Efficient Production of Benzoic Acid at Ampere‐Level Current Density
Authors: Bhutani Divya , Dutta Supriti , Garg Abhishek , K Pati Swapan , Muthusamy Eswaramoorthy 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHybrid water electrolysis with the simultaneous generation of hydrogen and value‐added chemicals enhances the viability of the water electrolysis process. A remarkably high current density of 1.4 A cm−2 toward benzyl alcohol oxidation (BOR) at a low potential of 1.45 V reported in this work suggests that the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can be replaced with BOR by selecting a suitable catalyst. A chromium oxide‐treated Ni foam (Cr‐NF) synthesized through a simple hydrothermal route offers 100% conversion and 99.5% faradaic efficiency toward benzoic acid. The surface nature of NF is significantly modified by chromium oxide, known for its hydrophilic nature and pore‐forming abilities, resulting in enhanced active sites. In situ Raman analysis confirms the reversible electrochemical conversion of Ni hydroxides to NiOOH, which converts benzyl alcohol (BA) to benzoic acid (PhCOOH) by chemical oxidation. The theoretical analysis suggests accelerated electronic transport and lower free energy for the sorption of intermediates utilizing the Cr2O3/NiOOH surface. In a two‐electrode arrangement, Cr‐NF demonstrates excellent performance, achieving a current density of 2.5 A cm−2 at an applied potential of 3.1 V, which is highly significant compared to OER‐based systems. This system can further be studied for commercial applications.
How We Simulate DNA Origami
Authors: Haggenmueller Sarah , Matthies Michael , Sample Matthew , Šulc Petr 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDNA origami consists of a long scaffold strand and short staple strands that self‐assemble into a target 2D or 3D shape. It is a widely used construct in nucleic acid nanotechnology, offering a cost‐effective way to design and create diverse nanoscale shapes. With promising applications in areas such as nanofabrication, diagnostics, and therapeutics, DNA origami has become a key tool in the bionanotechnology field. Simulations of these structures can offer insight into their shape and function, thus speeding up and simplifying the design process. However, simulating these structures, often comprising thousands of base pairs, poses challenges due to their large size. OxDNA, a coarse‐grained model specifically designed for DNA nanotechnology, offers powerful simulation capabilities. Its associated ecosystem of visualization and analysis tools can complement experimental work with in silico characterization. This tutorial provides a general approach to simulating DNA origami structures using the oxDNA ecosystem, tailored for experimentalists looking to integrate computational analysis into their design workflow.
Composite Polymer Solid Electrolytes for All‐Solid‐State Sodium Batteries
Authors: He Yiying , Yang Shoumeng , Liu Congcong , Ouyang Yue , Li Yanni , Zhu Hangmin , Yao Yu , Yang Hai , Rui Xianhong , Yu Yan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are emerging as a promising alternative to lithium‐ion batteries, primarily due to their plentiful raw materials and cost‐effectiveness. However, the use of traditional organic liquid electrolytes in sodium battery applications presents significant safety risks, prompting the investigation of solid electrolytes as a more viable solution. Despite their advantages, single solid electrolytes encounter challenges, including low conductivity of sodium ions at room temperature and incompatibility with electrode materials. To overcome these limitations, the researchers develop composite polymer solid electrolytes (CPSEs), which merge the strengths of high ionic conductivity of inorganic solid electrolytes and the flexibility of polymer solid electrolytes. CPSEs are usually composed of inorganic materials dispersed in the polymer matrix. The final performance of CPSEs can be further improved by optimizing the particle size, relative content, and form of inorganic fillers. CPSEs show great advantages in improving ionic conductivity and interface compatibility, making them an important direction for future solid‐state sodium battery research. Therefore, this paper summarizes recent advancements in composite solid electrolytes, discusses the impact of their preparation processes on performance, and outlines potential future developments in sodium‐ion solid‐state batteries.
Deep resequencing unveils novel SNPs, InDels, and large structural variants for the clonal fingerprinting of sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]
Authors: Scaglione Davide , Ciacciulli Angelo , Gattolin Stefano , Caruso Marco , Marroni Fabio , Casas Giuseppina Las , Jurman Irena , Licciardello Grazia , Catara Antonino Felice , Rossini Laura , Licciardello Concetta , Morgante Michele 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe large phenotypic variability characterizing the sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] germplasm arose from spontaneous somatic mutations and led to the diversification of major groups (common, acidless, Navel, and pigmented). Substantial divergence also occurred within each varietal group. The genetic basis of such variability (i.e., ripening time, fruit shape, color, acidity, and sugar content) is largely uncharacterized, and therefore not exploitable for molecular breeding. Moreover, the clonal nature of all sweet orange accessions hinders the traceability of propagation material and fruit juice using low‐density molecular markers. To build a catalog of somatic mutations in Italian varieties, 20 accessions were sequenced at high coverage. This allowed the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), structural variants (SVs), and large hemizygous deletions, specific to clones or varietal groups. A panel of 239 SNPs was successfully used for genotyping 221 sweet orange accessions, allowing them to be clustered into varietal groups. Furthermore, genotyping of SNPs and SVs was extended to leaf and juice samples of commercial varieties belonging to two varietal groups (Moro and Tarocco) collected from 26 sites in Southern Italy, confirming the usefulness of the identified markers for the identification of specific clones. Interestingly, we found that the insertion of the transposable element VANDAL in the gene exons significantly affected the level of allelic‐specific expression. Finally, the markers developed in the present work contribute to unraveling the origin and diversification of sweet oranges, representing a reliable and efficient molecular tool for the unambiguous fingerprint of somatic mutants and an asset for the traceability of orange plant material and fruit juice.
Molecular markers enhance substantially the distinctness of alfalfa varieties for registration and protection
Authors: Annicchiarico Paolo , Franguelli Nicolò , Ferrari Barbara , Campanella Giacomo , Gualanduzzi Stefano , Crosta Margherita , Delogu Chiara , Spataro Giorgia , Nazzicari Nelson 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPlant varieties must satisfy distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) requirements for registration. Morphophysiological trait‐based distinctness may be challenging for cultivars of major perennial forages. Our study focused on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. sativa) with the aims of (a) comparing morphophysiological distinctness with molecular distinctness based on genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) or the alfalfa DArTag panel, envisaging different statistical criteria for molecular distinctness, and (b) assessing the consistency of morphophysiological and molecular cultivar diversity. The 18 most grown Italian varieties were jointly reevaluated morphophysiologically and were characterized molecularly using three bulked DNA samples of 200 independent genotypes per cultivar. Morphophysiological distinctness was limited by correlations between traits and resulted in 39 non‐distinct cultivars in 153 paired comparisons and three cultivars distinct from any other. Best configurations for molecular distinctness featured about 10‐fold more polymorphic markers and 10‐fold lower average read depth per marker for GBS compared to DArTag. DArTag markers allowed for somewhat better variety distinction than GBS. They reduced to 11 the non‐distinct cultivars in paired comparisons and increased to 11 the completely distinct cultivars, based on a principal components analysis of allele frequencies followed by analyses of variance on cultivar principal component scores. This criterion achieved greater variety distinctness than cluster analysis with bootstrap values, discriminant analysis, or analysis of molecular variance. Morphophysiologically distinct cultivars were generally distinct molecularly, but not the reverse. Mantel's test revealed a modest consistency across morphophysiological and DArTag (r = 0.39) or GBS‐based (r = 0.46) measures of cultivar Euclidean distance. Our results and other considerations strongly encourage the adoption of molecular distinctness for alfalfa DUS.
Wetlands as a solution to water browning: A 3‐year efficiency assessment of outdoor mesocosms
Authors: Djerf Henric 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWater browning is the phenomenon of increasing discoloration in lakes and water courses due to the leaching of organic matter from soils. This process has ecological, economic, and social implications, such as affecting light penetration, oxygen levels, nutrient cycling, drinking water quality, and recreational use. This study investigated the potential of wetlands as a natural solution to mitigate water browning by reducing organic matter and iron. Six mesocosms in pilot scale were set up and studied for 3 years for their efficiency to reduce water color, with sampling every 14th day. Parameters measured were the changes in water color, dissolved organic carbon, iron, pH, and conductivity over 3 years, under different hydrological and climatic conditions. The results showed that wetlands can decrease water browning by retaining organic matter and iron, especially in vegetated systems. This study showed that long retention times with vegetated shallow systems were needed to reduce the water color by 47%. The decrease of color was primarily due to reduction of iron that decreased by 66%, while the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration decreased by only 6%. These findings highlight the potential of constructed wetlands as a valuable tool for improving water quality and mitigating the impacts of water browning, though further optimization of wetland design and integration with broader land‐use strategies is needed to address this complex issue effectively.Practitioner Points
Constructed wetlands can mitigate brownification, especially with long retention times and shallow vegetated wetlands.
Iron reduction is more strongly correlated with colour reduction than with DOC reduction.
Vegetated constructed wetlands reduced the colour concentration of inflow water by 47% after a 14‐day retention time.
Wetlands need a long retention time to reduce colour, and should be placed far upstream in the watershed.
Vegetated systems may use alternative pathways, like biofilm formation, to reduce humic substances, independent of UV exposure.