bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case report: Successful treatment of hyperbaric oxygen for radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in a 95-year-old patient with bladder cancer
Authors: Lin Li , He Man , Zeng Yanyan , Ni Xiaoxiao , Guo Yequn , Xie Xiaojuan , Sun Lingling , Huang Huai 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSevere radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (RHC) may ultimately require radical cystectomy. High-quality clinical evidence exists regarding the impact of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on RHC. However, there is a lack of reported data addressing the applicability of HBOT in very elderly patients (over 90 years old) with severe bleeding necessitating multiple blood transfusions.Case presentationThe patient is a 95-year-old male who suffered from severe hematuria due to RHC after 33 sessions of radiotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (T2N0M0, stage: II). After a series of subsequent therapies that failed to control the hematuria, the patient received 196 HBOTs between 11 October 2022 and 23 October 2023. Following a progressively adjusted HBOT protocol, the patient’s hematuria (urine red blood cell (RBC) count showed 210,859 RBC/μL at maximum) was effectively controlled, and his symptoms subsequently resolved after 69 HBOTs. After the 196th HBOT, pelvic MRI revealed a reduction in the size of the lesion on the left posterior wall of the bladder compared to prior assessments. This reduction was suggestive of diminished intravesical hematoma. As of 26 October 2023, it is noteworthy that the patient’s hemoglobin level has restored to the pre-hematuria level (106 g/L) with no need for blood transfusions for 8 consecutive months. Moreover, there was no recurrence of hematuria during the follow-up period. To the best of our knowledge, this report represents the first documented case of hematuria resolution in a patient over 90 years old with severe RHC.ConclusionThis case represents the first documented instance of successful hematuria resolution in a patient over 90 years of age with severe RHC. The positive therapeutic outcome achieved with personal protocol (1.4-1.6 ATA) in this 95-year-old patient, expands hyperbaric oxygen pressure options for elderly patients. Moreover, it also records a comprehensive dataset, including the time of the patient’s recurrence of hematuria and the subsequent trend of hematuria control, which contributes valuable evidence to the research on HBOT for the repair of bladder mucosal tissue.
Risk factors for motor decline following parasagittal and falx meningioma resection in the middle third
Authors: Guo Chengxuan , Xue Yafei , Li Yang , Tian Qilong , Qu Yan , Cai Qing 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThe resection of parasagittal and falx meningiomas in the middle third superior sagittal sinus (SSS) is associated with a high risk of postoperative motor deficits. This study discusses the risk factors affecting postoperative motor decline and recovery of motor function after follow-up.MethodsThe results of a single-institution retrospective cohort study of parasagittal and falx meningioma resection in the middle third between 2016 and 2023 were reviewed, and parameters were screened as potential predictors. Variables of interest included postoperative motor decline and outcome after follow-up. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors.ResultsAmong 87 patients who underwent resection of parasagittal (63.2%) or falx (36.8%) middle third meningiomas, 14.9% (13/87) experienced postoperative motor decline. Among the 36 patients (41.4%) with preoperative motor deficits, 66.3% improved, 17.0% unchanged, and 16.7% (6/36) worsened following surgery. Among the 51 patients without preoperative motor deficits, 13.7% (7/51) developed new weakness. The predictors of postoperative motor decline were major venous involvement (p = 0.022), falx meningioma (p = 0.031), loss of the brain-tumor interface (p=0.033) and WHO grade II-III (p = 0.032).ConclusionsThe resection of parasagittal and falx meningiomas in the middle third carries a high rate of postoperative morbidity and deserves perioperative planning. Alternative surgical strategies, such as preserving the brain-tumor arachnoid interface and minority residual tumors, may prevent motor decline in a subset of high-risk patients.
Comparison of Al[18F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT and [18F]-FDG PET/CT in a patient with lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Qin Jingjie , Yu Jinming , Wei Yuchun 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe coexistence of lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) makes differential diagnosis even more complicated. The purpose of the study is to explore superiority of [18F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT in distinguishing TB from malignant lesions and accurately detecting inflammatory lymph nodes than [18F]-FDG PET/CT.Case summaryHerein, we described a case report of a patient with both lung cancer and tuberculosis underwent [18F]-FDG and Al[18F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to determine staging. Additionally, a literature review was conducted to discuss the potential clinical applications of FAPI PET/CT. We reported a 70-year-old man with newly diagnosed lung squamous cell carcinoma underwent [18F]-FDG and Al[18F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT to determine staging. The avid uptake of [18F]-FDG in old pulmonary TB and the right hilar inflammatory lymph nodes (&lt;1 cm) were not found on Al [18F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT. After 2 months of follow-up, the small lymph node was finally confirmed to be inflammatory.ConclusionAl[18F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT may perform better in distinguishing TB from malignancy and may offer greater specificity than [18F]-FDG PET/CT for the diagnosis inflammatory lymph nodes.
Addressing the rising colorectal cancer burden in the older adult: examining modifiable risk and protective factors for comprehensive prevention strategies
Authors: He Ke‐Jie , Liu Zhejun , Gong Guoyu 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundColorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly cancer types worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that high body mass index (BMI) is a significant risk factor for colorectal cancer, particularly among the older adult population. This comprehensive analysis aims to explore the complex epidemiological patterns of colorectal cancer, with a focus on the association between high BMI and disease burden in the older adult.MethodsThe study leveraged data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study to examine the temporal trends, regional disparities, and the interplay of age, period, and cohort factors in shaping the global colorectal cancer landscape. Epidemiological techniques, including age-period-cohort modeling and joinpoint regression analysis, were employed to provide insights into the potential drivers of the evolving disease burden while controlling for relevant confounding factors.ResultsThe analysis revealed significant geographical disparities in the burden of colorectal cancer among the older adult population. Countries like Uruguay, Monaco, Croatia, Hungary, and Poland exhibited higher mortality and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates, while regions like Bangladesh, Nepal, and much of Africa had relatively lower disease burden. These regional differences are likely attributable to variations in healthcare systems, access to screening and early detection programs, as well as differences in lifestyle behaviors and risk factor prevalence.ConclusionThe strong association between high BMI and colorectal cancer risk, particularly in the older adult population and among men, emphasizes the importance of comprehensive obesity management strategies as part of comprehensive cancer control efforts. Targeted interventions, such as community-based weight management programs and enhanced screening initiatives in high-risk regions, could help mitigate the disproportionate burden of colorectal cancer observed in countries like Monaco, Croatia, and Hungary. Ongoing research and multifaceted public health interventions are crucial to address the growing global burden of colorectal cancer and mitigate the disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations. Strengthening healthcare systems, improving access to quality cancer care, and promoting lifestyle modifications to reduce obesity and other modifiable risk factors should be prioritized to effectively combat this pressing public health challenge.
Long term survival of advanced hepatoid adenocarcinoma of lung secondary to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a case report
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Wei Nan , Yang Huizhen , Wang Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiaoju , Zhang Qianqian 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAlpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing hepatoid adenocarcinoma of lung (HAL) is a rare type of lung cancer, with its characteristics being not yet fully clarified. We recently encountered a case of HAL combined with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which has never been reported.Case presentationA 66-year-old man consulted our hospital with a chief complaint of cough. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple nodules measuring from 8mm to 20mm in diameter located in bilateral lung, along with an enlarged left hilar lymph node. CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of AFP-producing primary HAL combined with IPF. Systemic treatment according to guidelines for advanced non-small cell lung cancer resulted in a long-term survival.ConclusionsThis case report documents the first occurrence and prognosis of AFP-producing HAL in a patient with IPF. The long-term survival brought by the diagnosis and treatment model in our case may provide significant prognostic value for this rare condition.
Fractionated robotic radiosurgery for unfavorable nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma: 5-year outcomes from a single institution protocol
Authors: Bhatnagar Akrita , Marin Monica Pernia , Lischalk Jonathan W. , Koh Min Ji , Agazzi Siviero , Suy Simeng , Harris Brent T. , Sharma Susmeeta T. , Aulisi Edward , Anaizi Amjad , Khattab Mohamed H. , Jean Walter C. , Collins Sean P. , Collins Brian T. 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveNonfunctioning macroadenoma is a commonly diagnosed pituitary tumor. Resection is the favored treatment, with radiosurgery often utilized for residual or progressing disease. Long-term outcomes are established in the literature for single-fraction frame-based radiosurgery, but mature outcomes are lacking for fractionated frameless radiosurgery. We report our institution’s 5-year efficacy and toxicity results for unfavorable nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma patients treated with 5-fraction robotic radiosurgery.MethodsBetween 2010 and 2020, patients who completed 5-fraction robotic radiosurgery for the treatment of unfavorable nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas were included. A tumor was considered unfavorable if the gross tumor volume (GTV) was larger than 5 cc or if it closely approached a critical structure (optic apparatus, brainstem, or pituitary gland). Local control was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsTwenty predominantly female patients (60%), ages 21–77 (median: 53 years), were included in this study. All underwent primary resection at the time of diagnosis. The indication for radiosurgery was tumor progression (n = 14, 70%) or residual tumor after subtotal resection (n = 6, 30%). Eighty-five percent of patients treated with radiosurgery (n = 17) had cavernous sinus involvement. Median GTV was 3.4 cm3 (range: 0.3–20.8 cm3), and 40% of the tumors had suprasellar extension. A mean dose of 28.8 Gy (range: 25–30 Gy) was delivered to a median isodose line of 80% (range: 75%–89%). The median optic chiasm maximum point dose was 21.8 Gy (range: 12.0–25.0 Gy). Acute toxicity was minimal with eight patients (40%) developing short-lived headaches and one patient (5%) developing a brief ipsilateral sixth nerve palsy. There was no late radiation-induced neurologic or optic dysfunction identified in this cohort. At a median follow-up of 5 years, local control was 94%. There was one in-field failure pathologically confirmed following surgery for pituitary hemorrhage and two radiographically confirmed out-of-field failures in patients with larger tumors (&gt;20 cc).ConclusionsThe treatment of unfavorable nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma with 5-fraction robotic radiosurgery provides excellent local control to date, with acceptable toxicity. However, tumors with GTVs greater than 20 cc may still require conventionally fractionated treatment with a margin to optimize local control.
Effects of celastrol on the heart and liver galaninergic system expression in a mouse model of Western-type diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatohepatitis
Authors: Canová Nikolina , Šípková Jana , Arora Mahak , Pavlíková Zuzana , Kučera Tomáš , Šeda Ondřej , Šopin Tijana , Vacík Tomáš , Slanař Ondřej 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe complexity of the galaninergic system is still not fully understood, especially under specific pre-existing comorbidities related to metabolic dysfunction. A plant-derived triterpenoid celastrol was demonstrated to exert a complex effect on the galaninergic system and to have hepatoprotective and anti-obesity properties. However, the exact molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects remain unclear. Specifically, there are no data on the impact of celastrol on the heart and liver galaninergic system. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of celastrol on the galaninergic system expression in the heart and liver of mice suffering from diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatohepatitis (MASLD/MASH).MethodsThe male mice C57BL/6J were fed a Western-type high-fat diet for 16 and 20 weeks to induce obesity and MASLD/MASH. Celastrol was administered along with a specific diet for the last 4 weeks to evaluate its impact on the progression of these conditions. Moreover, the inhibitor of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1/2 (SREBP1/2), fatostatin, was also tested to compare its influence on the galaninergic system with celastrol.ResultsThe study demonstrates that celastrol treatment was safe and led to a reduction in food and energy intake, body fat and liver weights, and MASLD-to-MASH progression and improved glucose tolerance, serum biochemistry markers, and hepatic lipid peroxidation in mice. Quantitative gene expression originally showed significant regulation of galanin and all three of its receptors (GalR1/2/3) in the heart ventricles and only GalR2 in the liver of obese mice. Celastrol influenced the gene expression of galanin receptors: it downregulated Galr1 in the heart and upregulated Galr2 in the liver and Galr3 in the heart ventricles, potentially affecting energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Fatostatin suppressed gene expression of all the detected members of the galaninergic system in the heart ventricles, depicting the role of SREBP in this process.ConclusionThese findings suggest that celastrol may beneficially modulate the galaninergic system under obesity and MASLD-to-MASH progression, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent for disorders associated with metabolic dysfunction.
Gallic acid protects intervertebral disc cells from ferroptosis and alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating key factors of oxidative stress
Authors: Zhu Zaishi , Huang Zeling , Zhang Chaofeng , Xu Bo , Chen Hua , Pei Shuai , Zhang Baofei , Jie Lishi , Shi Xiaoqing , Liu Yujiang , Li Yuwei , Shen Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundIntervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a chronic degenerative disease and one of the main causes of low back pain (LBP). Currently, there is no effective treatment. Ferroptosis is a cell-regulated process that depends on iron deposition and lipid peroxidation. Inhibiting ferroptosis in nucleus pulposus cells is considered a potential strategy for the treatment of IDD. Gallic acid (GA) is naturally present in a variety of plants and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and analgesic effects. It has been shown to alleviate ferroptosis. However, the role of GA in IDD ferroptosis remains unclear.MethodsThis study explored the pathological mechanism of GA in IDD in relation to ferroptosis: (1) to identify ferroptosis-related targets for GA treatment of IDD using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, (2) to evaluate the therapeutic effect of GA in an IDD rat model and changes in ferroptosis-related targets, (3) to investigate the changes of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation products in NP cells after GA intervention, and (4) to study the changes of ferroptosis-related proteins and iron ions in cells and mitochondria after GA intervention.ResultsExperimental results confirmed that GA can treat IDD by reducing the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and pathological changes in IDD. GA can also mitigate ferroptosis by reducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells.ConclusionThe alleviation of disc degeneration ferroptosis by GA may be closely associated with the key ferroptosis proteins P53 and NRF2.
Evidence construction of Silibinin capsules against alcoholic liver disease based on a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Wang Yan , Yang Wenmin , Yang Yuan , Liu Xingning , Peng Lanfen , Huang Qi , Fan Kongli , Hu Rui , Yi Jinyu , Zhong Xin , Li Jing , Sun Jialing , Zhou Xiaozhou 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundIn recent years, the incidence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has rapidly increased worldwide, becoming a significant health issue. Silibinin capsules have shown potential in treating ALD, but clinical evidence is still insufficient. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Silibinin capsules in the treatment of ALD.MethodsThe study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024509676). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included from six databases, covering the period from database inception to 30 December 2023. Primary outcomes included liver function indicators such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBIL), lipid indicators including triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), coagulation indicators including prothrombin time (PT), liver fibrosis indicator (PC-III), and Effective Rate. Analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.1 and STATA 14.0.ResultsIn 15 RCTs involving 1,221 patients, compared to the non-Silibinin group, Silibinin capsules showed significant efficacy in terms of liver function, lipid levels, and effective rate in patients with ALD. Detailed parameters were as follows: ALT [SMD = −1.16, 95% CI (−1.84, −0.47)], AST [SMD = −1.56, 95% CI (−2.18, −0.95)], GGT [SMD = −1.48, 95% CI (−2.09, −0.87)], TBIL [SMD = −1.14, 95% CI (−2.16, −0.13)], TG [SMD = −1.29, 95% CI (−1.93, −0.66)], TC [SMD = −1.11, 95% CI (−1.61, −0.61)], PT [SMD = −0.01, 95% CI (−0.29, 0.26)], PC-III [SMD = −1.94, 95% CI (−3.04, −0.84)], and Effective Rate [OR = 3.60, 95% CI (2.28, 5.70)]. Importantly, Silibinin capsules exhibited a favorable safety profile, with only mild gastrointestinal reactions and reports of insomnia as adverse events.ConclusionThis review reveals the clinical efficacy and safety of Silibinin capsules in the treatment of ALD, and confirms that the drug is an effective adjuvant therapy to alleviate ALD. At present, the mechanism of action of this drug for ALD is still unclear, and we expect more experimental studies to prove the clinical value of Silibinin capsules.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=509676.
Water and nitrogen regulation strategy for wolfberry farmland based on nitrogen balance in the Yellow River irrigation districts of Gansu Province, China
Authors: Yin Minhua , Tian Rongrong , Ling Yi , Yang Yuqing , Ma Yanlin , Kang Yanxia , Qi Guangping , Wang Jinghai 
Published: February 2025

Agricultural production frequently encounters challenges, including soil nitrogen pollution and imbalances resulting from improper irrigation and fertilization practices. This study focuses on wolfberry farmland, analyzing the effects of four irrigation levels [full irrigation (W0, 75%−85% θf), mild water deficit (W1, 65%−75% θf), moderate water deficit (W2, 55%−65% θf), and severe water deficit (W3, 45%−55% θf)] and four nitrogen application levels [no nitrogen application (N0, 0 kg·ha−1), low nitrogen application (N1, 150 kg·ha−1), medium nitrogen application (N2, 300 kg·ha−1), and high nitrogen application (N3, 450 kg·ha−1)] on nitrogen uptake by wolfberry plants, soil nitrogen loss, plant-soil nitrogen balance, and nitrogen use efficiency. The results indicate that: (1) Plant dry matter yield (1338.90−2893.52 kg·ha−1), fruit yield (1368.19−2623.09 kg·ha−1), plant nitrogen uptake (28.32−96.89 kg·ha−1) and fruit nitrogen uptake (23.53−63.56 kg·ha−1) all increased with higher irrigation and nitrogen application levels, following the trend W1 &gt; W0 &gt; W2 &gt; W3 and N2 &gt; N3 &gt; N1 &gt; N0. Compared with the other treatments, W1N2 treatment increased by 4.37%−116.11%, 6.36%−91.72%, 15.23%−242.16% and 10.86%−170.13%, respectively. (2) Soil NO3−–N content initially decreased, then increased, and ultimately decreased again with increasing soil depth, demonstrating inconsistent trends in response to changes in irrigation and nitrogen application. The highest residual soil NO3−–N at the end of the wolfberry growth period was recorded in the W0N3 treatment, measuring 186.17 kg·ha−1. In contrast, the lowest level was observed under the W3N0 treatment at 90.13 kg·ha−1, which was reduced by 12.25%−51.59% compared with other treatments. (3) The soil N2O flux (28.50–433.41 ug·m−2·h−1) and total emissions (0.40–1.67 kg·ha−1) increased with increased irrigation and nitrogen application. (4) The W1N1 treatment showed the highest nitrogen productivity (14.29 kg·kg−1), absorption efficiency (0.85 kg·kg−1), and recovery efficiency (27.14%), outperformed other treatments by 0.64–10.94 kg·kg−1, 0.10−0.65 kg·kg−1, and 2.52–18.80%, respectively. Overall, a combination of 392.40 mm of irrigation and 150 kg·ha−1 of nitrogen represented the optimal strategy for efficient and sustainable wolfberry production in the Yellow River irrigation districts of Gansu and similar regions.