bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modern Intersections: Reading Anita Scott Coleman’s Animals
Authors: Curry Elizabeth 
Published: January 2024

This chapter reviews the critical landscape around race and the animal and uses this theoretical scaffolding to read Anita Scott Coleman’s poetry and prose as modernist works that subvert the hierarchies implied through the animalization of racialized people. The chapter exposes how modernist studies, which has shown a significant amount of interest in posthumanism and animal representation, focuses almost exclusively on white writers’ engagement with the nonhuman, inhuman, or human-as-animal. In directing attention toward white modernist work, this field has evaded engaging in analyses of an early-twentieth-century cultural context that linked animality, race, and gender through both subtle and overt discourses and sociolegal practices. Engaging with posthumanism as a field that has the potential to transcend the limits of a Eurocentric humanism grounded in exceptionalism, this chapter calls for modernist animal studies to permanently integrate the modern cultural context around race into its interpretive matrix.In putting recent work in posthumanism into conversation with modernism, this chapter will read Coleman’s 1926 story ‘Three Dogs and a Rabbit’ published in The Crisis as a response to American and European histories of bestializing black men. Ultimately, this chapter finds that significance located in Coleman’s use of animal affinity rather than abjection to explore the dissolution of human boundaries and hierarchies.
1940s Avian Noir
Authors: Blomvall Laura 
Published: January 2024

This chapter examines ‘avian noir’ in the 1940s: how what Raymond Borde and Étienne Chaumeton in 1955 first defined as the ‘oneiric, strange, erotic, ambivalent, and cruel’ elements of the 1940s film noir enabled an exploration of the continuities between aggression and eroticism in Second World War poetry by using poetic metaphors of avian species. In queer female wartime poetry in particular, the avian metaphor becomes a lyrically available method for exploring a web of state-sanctioned violence and forbidden forms of intimacy that imbues their poetry with the moral and psychological ambiguities and the surreal, dreamlike and violent visual language associated with 1940s noir cinema.The chapter analyses the works of poets like Bishop, Townsend Warner, Valentine Ackland, Vita Sackville-West and Muriel Rukeyser, situating these within a context of a wartime pastoral turn that also frequently implied a critically underexplored animal turn in 1940s war poetry. Defamiliarizing the bird as a Romantic figure for lyric’s expressive powers, these poems’ avian noir mobilises visual mechanisms both from poetry and cinema to explore an involved and entangled relationship between the human and non-human voices of poetry.
Unhoming the Pigeon: Ahmed Ali’s Twilight in Delhi
Authors: Hovanec Caroline 
Published: January 2024

Pigeons’ storied history and waning fortunes have drawn the attention of many writers, including Ahmed Ali. Ali’s 1940 novel Twilight in Delhi uses pigeon imagery to link together the spatial trope of homelessness and the temporal trope of slouching toward extinction. The novel is about the long decline of a Muslim family under British imperial rule. Its patriarch often meditates on the tragedy of cultural extinction, and his pigeon loft is made a synecdoche for that threatened culture. Early critics frequently read Twilight as a nostalgic lament for the Mughal Empire that preceded British occupation in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. However, as more recent scholarship has argued, Ali likely intended for his novel to be, not a call to restore the lost precolonial past, but a way of using residual elements of that past to galvanize a postcolonial future. This chapter argues that Twilight in Delhi, like other twentieth-century texts, makes pigeons emblems of homelessness and extinction, but it also refigures the birds as a sign for survival, futurity, and change. In Ali’s vision, those who are in the wrong place or the wrong era are also those who point to other possibilities for social and political life, beyond the cultural and biological depredations of British occupation. This was a powerful anticolonial message in the 1940s. It can be powerful again today, in the era of climate change and the sixth extinction, as an insistent call to make the victims of imperial capitalism—including displaced people and displaced animals—the center of the just community that, one hopes, will succeed us.
Integrating computational methods guided the discovery of phytochemicals as potential Pin1 inhibitors for cancer: pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, MM-GBSA calculations and molecular dynamics studies
Authors: Alzain Abdulrahim A. , Elbadwi Fatima A. , Shoaib Tagyedeen H. , Sherif Asmaa E. , Osman Wadah , Ashour Ahmed , Mohamed Gamal A. , Ibrahim Sabrin R. M. , Roh Eun Joo , Hassan Ahmed H. E. 
Published: January 2024

Pin1 is a pivotal player in interactions with a diverse array of phosphorylated proteins closely linked to critical processes such as carcinogenesis and tumor suppression. Its axial role in cancer initiation and progression, coupled with its overexpression and activation in various cancers render it a potential candidate for the development of targeted therapeutics. While several known Pin1 inhibitors possess favorable enzymatic profiles, their cellular efficacy often falls short. Consequently, the pursuit of novel Pin1 inhibitors has gained considerable attention in the field of medicinal chemistry. In this study, we employed the Phase tool from Schrödinger to construct a structure-based pharmacophore model. Subsequently, 449,008 natural products (NPs) from the SN3 database underwent screening to identify compounds sharing pharmacophoric features with the native ligand. This resulted in 650 compounds, which then underwent molecular docking and binding free energy calculations. Among them, SN0021307, SN0449787 and SN0079231 showed better docking scores with values of −9.891, −7.579 and −7.097 kcal/mol, respectively than the reference compound (−6.064 kcal/mol). Also, SN0021307, SN0449787 and SN0079231 exhibited lower free binding energies (−57.12, −49.81 and −46.05 kcal/mol, respectively) than the reference ligand (−37.75 kcal/mol). Based on these studies, SN0021307, SN0449787, and SN0079231 showed better binding affinity that the reference compound. Further the validation of these findings, molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of the ligand-receptor complex for 100 ns with RMSD ranging from 0.6 to 1.8 Å. Based on these promising results, these three phytochemicals emerge as promising lead compounds warranting comprehensive biological screening in future investigations. These compounds hold great potential for further exploration regarding their efficacy and safety as Pin1 inhibitors, which could usher in new avenues for combating cancer.
The pediatric gut bacteriome and virome in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Piazzesi Antonia , Pane Stefania , Del Chierico Federica , Romani Lorenza , Campana Andrea , Palma Paolo , Putignani Lorenza 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionSince the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in early 2020, it has been apparent that children were partially protected from both infection and the more severe forms of the disease. Many different mechanisms have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, including children’s frequent exposure to other upper respiratory infections and vaccines, and which inflammatory cytokines they are more likely to produce in response to infection. Furthermore, given the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the intestine and its ability to infect enterocytes, combined with the well described immunomodulatory capabilities of the microbiome, another potential contributing factor may be the presence of certain protective microbial members of the gut microbiota (GM).MethodsWe performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing and profiled both the bacteriome and virome of the GM of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 patients compared to healthy, age-matched subjects.ResultsWe found that, while pediatric patients do share some pro-inflammatory microbial signatures with adult patients, they also possess a distinct microbial signature of protective bacteria previously found to be negatively correlated with SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and COVID-19 severity. COVID-19 was also associated with higher fecal Cytomegalovirus load, and with shifts in the relative abundances of bacteriophages in the GM. Furthermore, we address how the preventative treatment of COVID-19 patients with antibiotics, a common practice especially in the early days of the pandemic, affected the bacteriome and virome, as well as the abundances of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in these patients. DiscussionTo our knowledge, this is the first study to address the bacteriome, virome, and resistome of pediatric patients in response to COVID-19 and to preventative antibiotics use.
Modified tibial cortex transverse transport for diabetic foot ulcers with Wagner grade ≥ II: a study of 98 patients
Authors: Liu Junpeng , Yao Xingchen , Xu Ziyu , Wu Yue , Pei Fuchun , Zhang Lin , Li Meng , Shi Ming , Du Xinru , Zhao Hui 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundDiabetic foot ulcers constitute a substantial healthcare burden on a global scale and present challenges in achieving healing. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of modified tibial cortex transverse transport surgery in managing refractory diabetic foot ulcers.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 98 patients suffering from diabetic foot ulcers classified as Wagner grade ≥II who were admitted to our medical facility between January 2020 and June 2022. All the patients were treated by modified tibial cortex transverse transport surgery, wherein the osteotomy scope was reduced to two rectangular bone windows measuring 1.5cm × 1.5cm each. Record the patient’s general information and ulcer healing time; ulcer area, ankle-brachial index, WIFi classification, and visual analogue scale before and 3 months following the surgical intervention.ResultsThe average duration of diabetes of 98 patients with diabetic foot ulcer was 20.22 ± 8.02 years, 52 patients had more than one toe gangrene on admission. The postoperative wound healing rate was 95.83% and the average healing time was 53.18 ± 20.18 days. The patients showed significant improvement in ankle-brachial index, WIFi classification, and visual analogue scale at 3 months postoperatively compared to preoperatively, with statistically significant differences (P&lt; 0.05). Eight patients experienced complications, and the incidence of complications was 8.16%. Throughout the follow-up period, there were no instances of ulcer recurrence noted.ConclusionModified tibial cortex transverse transport surgery demonstrates effectiveness in the management of diabetic foot ulcers by enhancing lower limb microcirculation and facilitating the process of wound healing.
Forensic analysis and sequence variation of 133 STRs in the Hakka population
Authors: Feng Yuhang , Zhao Yutao , Lu Xiaoyu , Li Haiyan , Zhao Kai , Shi Meisen , Wen Shaoqing 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are highly valuable genetic markers in forensic science. However, the conventional PCR-CE technique has limitations, and the emergence of massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology presents new opportunities for STR analysis. Yet, there is limited research on Chinese population diversity using MPS.Methods: In this study, we obtained genotype data for 52 A-STRs and 81 Y-STRs from the Hakka population in Meizhou, Guangdong, China, using the Forensic Analysis System Multiplecues SetB Kit on the MGISEQ-2000 platform.Results: Our findings demonstrate that these 133 STRs are highly efficient for forensic applications within the Meizhou Hakka population. Statistical analysis revealed Hobs values ranging from 0.61306 to 0.91083 and Hexp values ranging from 0.59156 to 0.91497 for A-STRs based on length polymorphism. For sequence polymorphism, Hobs values ranged from 0.61306 to 0.94586, and Hexp values fluctuated between 0.59156 and 0.94487. The CPE values were 1-5.0779620E-21 and 1-3.257436E-24 for length and sequence polymorphism, respectively, while the CPD values were 1-1.727007E-59 and 1-5.517015E-66, respectively. Among the 80 Y-STR loci, the HD values for length and sequence polymorphism were 0.99764282 and 0.99894195, respectively. The HMP values stood at 0.00418102 and 0.00288427, respectively, and the DC values were 0.75502742 and 0.83363803, respectively. For the 52 A-STR loci, we identified 554 and 989 distinct alleles based on length and sequence polymorphisms, respectively. For the 81 Y-STR loci, 464 and 652 unique alleles were detected at the length and sequence level, respectively. Population genetic analysis revealed that the Meizhou Hakka population has a close kinship relationship with the Asian populations THI and KOR based on length polymorphism data of A-STRs. Conversely, based on length polymorphism data of Y-STRs, the Meizhou Hakka population has the closest kinship relationship with the Henan Han population.Discussion: Overall, the variation information of repeat region sequences significantly enhances the forensic identification efficacy of STR genetic markers, providing an essential database for forensic individual and paternity testing in this region. Additionally, the data generated by our study will serve as a vital resource for research into the genetic structure and historical origins of the Meizhou Hakka population.
Improving French bean yield potential through induced mutagenesis using EMS and SA
Authors: Laskar Rafiul Amin , Dowarah Bhaskar , Tamang Dilip , Das Sangeeta , Borah Protiva , Raina Aamir 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionFrench bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) holds global significance as one of the most consumed legumes, with commercial value surpassing that of all other legume crops combined. In India, the consumption of French beans has grown steadily, especially in the North Eastern region, driven by heightened consumer interest in its nutritional benefits. Considering these factors, we initiated an induced mutagenesis program to enhance the genetic diversity of locally grown French bean genotypes, traditionally cultivated for their superior adaptability.MethodsTo achieve this, we initiated an induced mutagenesis program. Seeds from the village seed stock were subjected to treatments with varying doses of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) ranging from 0.1% to 0.4% and sodium azide (SA) from 0.1% to 0.4%. The objective was to increase yield potential and enhance genetic diversity.ResultsThe treatment with EMS and SA led to a non-specific, dosage-independent reduction in biophysiological characteristics in French bean mutants. Notably, the 0.4% SA treatment significantly inhibited germination and fertility, causing a decrease in chlorophyll (10.02 mg. g-1 FW) and carotenoid (1.57 mg. g-1 FW) levels. This suggests a disruption in genes associated with chlorophyll and carotenoid synthesis. However, in the M2 generation, the mutagenic treatments substantially improved yield and associated traits. The highest pod yield per plant was recorded at 79.50 gm for the 0.2% EMS treatment. A character association study revealed strong correlations (0.217 to 0.995) between pod yield and other agronomic traits.DiscussionThe results indicate that selecting mutants based on these traits in populations treated with EMS and SA can significantly increase crop yield. The 0.2% SA and 0.2% EMS M2 mutant populations exhibited the highest induced variability, making them ideal for selecting higher-yielding mutant lines for further breeding generations. The increased yields in these mutant lines, derived from a local cultivar, show promise for meeting the growing demand for French bean production through their widespread cultivation.
Modulatory role of nitric oxide in wound healing of potato tubers
Authors: Dogramaci Munevver , Sarkar Dipayan , Lulai Edward C. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionWounding of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers affects the postharvest storage qualities and marketability. To mitigate wound-related losses, it is necessary to accelerate wound healing (WH) responses of potato tubers. While role of nitric oxide (NO) in healing of wounded biological tissues is well known, its impact on WH responses of potato tubers has not been examined thoroughly. The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential modulatory role of NO in WH response of potato tubers by determining the activity of key enzymes associated with NO biosynthesis.MethodsUsing a model wounding system, tuber tissue discs were extracted from mini tubers of cv. Russet Burbank to examine their WH responses. Tuber discs were treated with NO related chemicals, such as NO scavenger, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, and NO donors. The effect of these treatments on in vitro production of NO, activity of nitrate reductase, NOS, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase were determined. The accumulation of suberin polyphenolics (SPP) in wounded parenchyma cells, an indicator of early suberization process, was analyzed histologically.ResultsTreatment of tuber tissues with the higher dose of an NO scavenger (2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) at the time of wounding completely ceased SPP accumulation between 0 h to 3 d after wounding. Increased production of NO and enhanced activity of NOS were also observed immediately after wounding of the tuber tissues. The results suggest that NO is a key biological modulator in WH responses of potato tubers and could be optimized as a potential exogenous treatment to counter wound-related losses.
Immune-related cardiovascular toxicities of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in solid tumors: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Chi , Wei Fengtao , Ma Wenhan , Zhang Jingbo 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe objective of this study was to investigate the risk of cardiovascular toxicities related to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in solid tumors.MethodsA literature search was performed following the participants, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) principles, and the study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data analysis was conducted using Review Manager version 5.4.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 69 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) divided into five groups based on the treatment regimens: PD-1/PD-L1 + chemotherapy versus chemotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 versus chemotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 versus placebo, PD-1/PD-L1 + CTLA-4 versus PD-1/PD-L1 and PD-1/PD-L1 + CTLA-4 versus chemotherapy. Compared to chemotherapy treatment alone, PD-1/PD-L1 +chemotherapy significantly increased the risk of hypertension [all-grade (OR = 1.27, 95% CI [1.05, 1.53], p = 0.01); grade 3–5 (OR = 1.36, 95% CI [1.04, 1.79], p = 0.03)], hypotension [all-grade (OR = 2.03, 95% CI [1.19, 3.45], p = 0.009); grade 3–5 (OR = 3.60, 95% CI [1.22, 10.60], p = 0.02)], arrhythmia [all-grade (OR = 1.53, 95% CI [1.02, 2.30], p = 0.04); grade 3–5 (OR = 2.91, 95% CI [1.33, 6.39], p = 0.008)] and myocarditis [all-grade (OR = 2.42, 95% CI [1.06, 5.54], p = 0.04)]. The risk of all-grade hypotension (OR = 2.87, 95% CI [1.26, 6.55], p = 0.01) and all-grade arrhythmia (OR = 2.03, 95% CI [1.13, 3.64], p = 0.02) significantly increased when treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors compared to the placebo. The risks of cardiovascular toxicities are significantly higher with PD-1+CTLA-4 compared to PD-1 alone (OR = 2.02, 95% CI [1.12, 3.66], p = 0.02).ConclusionPD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular toxicities, especially hypertension, hypotension, arrhythmia, and myocarditis.
Mapping interaction quality for nursing and medical students in primary care placement in municipal emergency care units: a systematic observational study
Authors: Giske Solveig , Gamlem Siv M. , Kvangarsnes Marit , Landstad Bodil J. , Hole Torstein , Dahl Berit Misund 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionPrimary care placement for nursing and medical students is vital for developing the competence to accommodate the increasing number of patients with multimorbid and complex conditions. Prior studies have suggested that interaction quality in primary care placement empowers learning. However, research mapping interaction quality in primary care placements in municipal emergency care units is lacking. This study aimed to systematically map interaction quality for nursing and medical students in primary care placement in two municipal emergency care units.Materials and methodsThis study adopted a systematic descriptive observational design. Systematic observations (n = 201 cycles) of eight nursing students (n = 103 cycles) and six medical students (n = 98 cycles) were used to map interaction quality across six learning situations between March and May 2019. Observations were coded using the Classroom Assessment Scoring System-Secondary (CLASS-S). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman correlations.ResultsInteraction quality is described in three domains: (I) emotional support, (II) framework for learning, and (III) instructional support, and the overall measure, student engagement. The results indicated middle-quality interactions in the emotional and instructional support domains and high quality in the framework for learning domain and student engagement. Correlations exhibited similar patterns and ranged from non-significant to strong correlations.ConclusionThe interaction qualities indicated a generally positive and supportive learning environment contributing to nursing and medical students’ learning and active participation in work tasks related to their professional roles. Thus, this new form for primary care placement for nursing and medical students in the municipal emergency care units was found to be a positive learning arena. These results may enhance nursing and medical education programs in countries with similar health services and education. Health education, supervisors, peers, and others contributing to students’ learning should recognize which interaction qualities may affect learning and how to improve quality, thus affecting supervisors’ approach to training students. While the CLASS-S showed potential for mapping interaction qualities for nursing and medical students in primary care placement in municipal emergency care units, further studies are needed to validate the CLASS-S for use in clinical placement settings.