bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The spiritual dimension of person and environment
Authors: Zapf Michael Kim 
Published: September 2005

The knowledge base of western social work is attempting to incorporate spirituality as another aspect of the individual client to consider for assessment or therapeutic purposes. Traditional knowledge systems offer an alternative perspective on the spiritual connections between person and place and the energies associated with particular locations. French Le travail social occidental centré sur le savoir en Occident essaie d'inclure la spiritualité comme dimension supplémentaire à prendre en considération lors de l'évaluation du client ou du choix des objectifs thérapeutiques. Les systèmes de savoir traditionnel offrent une perspective alternative sur les relations spirituelles entre les personnes et les lieux et les énergies associés à certains endroits particuliers. Spanish El trabajo social occidental está intentando incorporar la espiritualidad a sus conocimientos básicos como otro aspecto del individuo, que se ha de considerar para propósitos tanto de evaluación como terapéuticos. Los sistemas de sabiduría tradicional ofrecen una perspectiva alternativa de las conexiones entre la persona, el lugar, y las energías asociadas con lugares particulares.
Social work intervention with migrant workers in South Korea
Authors: Choi Jae-Sung , Choi Soochan 
Published: September 2005

Although migrant workers have emerged as a major force throughout Korean industry, they are often alienated by disadvantageous labor conditions as well as social discrimination as a whole. Social workers in the work-place can themselves utilize the micro and macro procedures of assisting troubled newcomers. French Bien que les travailleurs immigrés en soient venus à occuper une place prépondérante dans l'industrie coréenne, ceux-ci se trouvent souvent aliénés parce qu'on leur impose des conditions de travail désavantageuses et sont victimes de discrimination. Les travailleurs sociaux en milieu de travail peuvent s'impliquer personnellement à travers des procédures micro et macro afin de venir en aide à ces nouveaux venus en difficulté. Spanish Aunque los trabajadores migratorios en la industria coreana se han convertido en una fuerza importante, a menudo están alienados, son discriminados socialmente, y trabajan en condiciones laborales desventajosas. Los trabajadores sociales en los lugares de trabajo pueden utilizar procedimientos micro y macro para ayudar a los recién llegados en sus problemas.
Direct transition to long-acting risperidone - analysis of long-term efficacy
Authors: Kissling W. , Heres S. , Lloyd K. , Sacchetti E. , Bouhours P. , Medori R. , Llorca P. M. 
Published: September 2005

This report presents data from the extension phase of a 6-month trial that evaluated the efficacy of risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) in stable psychotic patients requiring a treatment change. Patients continued to receive RLAI every 2 weeks for a maximum of 12 months from study entry. Symptoms were assessed using the PANSS after 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of treatment (or treatment endpoint). Remission of severity criteria were defined as ≤3 points in all PANSS items suggested by the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group. 715 patients (63% male) entered the extension phase and 508 completed the 12-month study. The mean PANSS total score at Day 0 was 74.9±22.7. This was significantly reduced after 1 month (67.7 ±22.3, p≤0.001), with continued improvements over the 12 months of the study until treatment endpoint (59.7±21.9). Significant improvements from Day 0 to endpoint were also seen in the scores for all PANSS subscales and symptom factors. The proportion of patients who met the PANSS severity criteria for remission increased from 29% at Day 0 to 60% at endpoint, and the proportion of patients who met these criteria for ≤ 6 months increased from 24% at Month 6 to 45% at endpoint. Treatment with RLAI for up to 12 months provided significant and sustained improvements in symptom control in patients with schizophrenia. These improvements may help patients to achieve and remain in remission.
Sustained improvement of clinical outcome with risperidone long-acting injectable in psychotic patients previously treated with olanzapine
Authors: Gastpar M. , Masiak M. , Latif M. A. , Frazzingaro S. , Medori R. , Lombertie E. -R. 
Published: September 2005

The efficacy and tolerability of risperidone long-acting injectable were investigated in patients with schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders who had previously been symptomatically stable on olanzapine treatment. Patients received risperidone long-acting injectable, 25mg, by intramuscular injection every 2 weeks; the dose could be increased to 37.5 or 50 mg if necessary. Patients were transferred directly from their previous medication to risperidone long-acting injectable without a runin period of oral risperidone treatment. Of 192 patients recruited, 134 patients (70%) completed the study. The principal reasons for discontinuation were withdrawal of consent (8%), adverse events (6%), insufficient response (5%) and non-compliance (4%). Risperidone long-acting injectable produced a significant improvement (p = 0.0001) in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total scores, from 74.2±21.3 at baseline to 65.8±21.4 at endpoint. There were also significant reductions in PANSS subscales (positive symptoms, negative symptoms, general psycho-pharmacology) and Marder factor scores. The Clinical Global Impression increased significantly from baseline to endpoint (p = 0.0001), as reflected by the increase in the proportion of patients rated as ‘not ill’ or ‘borderline ill’ from 10% at baseline to 21% at endpoint. Risperidone long-acting injectable was also associated with significant improvements in Global Assessment of Function, patient satisfaction with treatment, and quality of life, measured on the SF-36 scale. Movement disorders, measured on the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale, were significantly reduced following the change to risperidone long-acting injectable. Treatment with risperidone long-acting injectable was well tolerated, and no significant weight gain occurred during the study. This open study suggests that risperidone long-acting injectable produces symptomatic improvement in schizophrenia patients previously considered symptomatically stable with olanzapine, along with improvement in movement disorders. The combination of improved efficacy and good tolerability may have important implications for patient adherence to therapy and subsequent long-term outcomes.
Improved tagging strategy for protein identification in mammalian cells
Authors: Bialkowska Agnieszka , Zhang Xian-Yang , Reiser Jakob 
Published: September 2005

Abstract

Background
The tagging strategy enables full-length endogenous proteins in mammalian cells to be expressed as green fluorescent fusion proteins from their authentic promoters.

Results
We describe improved genetic tools to facilitate protein tagging in mammalian cells based on a mobile genetic element that harbors an artificial exon encoding a protein tag. Insertion of the artificial exon within introns of cellular genes results in expression of hybrid proteins consisting of the tag sequence fused in-frame to sequences of a cellular protein. We have used lentiviral vectors to stably introduce enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) tags into expressed genes in target cells. The data obtained indicate that this strategy leads to bona fide tripartite fusion proteins and that the EGFP tag did not affect the subcellular localization of such proteins.

Conclusion
The tools presented here have the potential for protein discovery, and subsequent investigation of their subcellular distribution and role(s) under defined physiological conditions, as well as for protein purification and protein-protein interaction studies.
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum associated with pyothorax: case report
Authors: Parija Subhash Chandra , Kaliaperumal Venkatesh , Kumar Saka Vinod , Sujatha Sistla , Babu Venkateshwara , Balu V 
Published: September 2005

Abstract

Arcanobacterium haemolyticum has an established role in the etiology of human pharyngitis. There are increasing reports of systemic infections caused by this organism. From India, we report the first case of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum causing pyothorax in an immunocompetent adolescent male patient. The probable mode of infection is also discussed. The role of A. hemolyticum as an animal pathogen needs further study.
Can p503s, p504s and p510s gene expression in peripheral-blood be useful as a marker of prostatic cancer?
Authors: Cardillo Maria Rosaria , Gentile Vincenzo , Ciccariello Mauro , Giacomelli Laura , Messinetti Silvio , Di Silverio Franco 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to investigate whether p503S, p504S and p510S gene expression in peripheral-blood be useful as a diagnostic or prognostic marker of prostatic cancer.

Methods
Circulating cells were identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect p503S, p504S and p510S mRNA in peripheral blood (PB) from 11 patients with treated prostatic carcinoma (CaP), 11 with newly-diagnosed untreated CaP and 20 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (controls).

Results
RT-PCR amplified P503S in 7 of 11 untreated and 2 of 11 treated patients with CaP and 5 of 20 with BPH; p504S in 7 of 11 untreated and in 9 of 11 treated patients with CaP and 11 of 20 with BPH; whereas it amplified p510S in all subjects with CaP and in 15 of 20 with BPH.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that the investigated genes are poorly specific and probably of little use as diagnostic or prognostic prostatic markers in peripheral blood for monitoring disease progression and recurrence.
Family history of colorectal cancer in Iran
Authors: Mahdavinia Mahboobeh , Bishehsari Faraz , Ansari Reza , Norouzbeigi Nasim , Khaleghinejad Ahmad , Hormazdi Mahshid , Rakhshani Naser , Malekzadeh Reza 
Published: September 2005

AbstractBackgroundPrevious reports show a high proportion of young CRC patients in Iran. In this study we aim to look for the clustering of colorectal cancer in families of a series of CRC patients from Iran.MethodsThe family history of cancer is traced in 449 CRC patients of which 112 were 45 yrs or younger and 337 were older than 45 yrs at time of diagnosis. The patients were admitted in two hospitals in Tehran, during a 4-year period.ResultsClinical diagnosis of HNPCC was established in 21 (4.7%) probands. Family history of CRC was more frequently reported by early-onset than by late-onset patients (29.5% vs. 12.8%, p < 0.001).Distribution of tumor site differed significantly between those with and without family history of CRC. Right colon cancer was the most frequent site (23/45, 35.4%) observed in patients with positive family history of colorectal cancer.ConclusionThe relatively high frequency of CRC clustering along with HNPCC in our patients should be further confirmed with larger sample size population-based and genetic studies to establish a cost effective molecular screening for the future.
Evaluation of easily measured risk factors in the prediction of osteoporotic fractures
Authors: Bensen Robert , Adachi Jonathan D , Papaioannou Alexandra , Ioannidis George , Olszynski Wojciech P , Sebaldt Rolf J , Murray Timothy M , Josse Robert G , Brown Jacques P , Hanley David A , Petrie Annie , Puglia Mark , Goldsmith Charlie H , Bensen W 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Background
Fracture represents the single most important clinical event in patients with osteoporosis, yet remains under-predicted. As few premonitory symptoms for fracture exist, it is of critical importance that physicians effectively and efficiently identify individuals at increased fracture risk.

Methods
Of 3426 postmenopausal women in CANDOO, 40, 158, 99, and 64 women developed a new hip, vertebral, wrist or rib fracture, respectively. Seven easily measured risk factors predictive of fracture in research trials were examined in clinical practice including: age (<65, 65–69, 70–74, 75–79, 80+ years), rising from a chair with arms (yes, no), weight (< 57, ≥ 57 kg), maternal history of hip facture (yes, no), prior fracture after age 50 (yes, no), hip T-score (>-1, -1 to >-2.5, ≤-2.5), and current smoking status (yes, no). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted.

Results
The inability to rise from a chair without the use of arms (3.58; 95% CI: 1.17, 10.93) was the most significant risk factor for new hip fracture. Notable risk factors for predicting new vertebral fractures were: low body weight (1.57; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.37), current smoking (1.95; 95% CI: 1.20, 3.18) and age between 75–79 years (1.96; 95% CI: 1.10, 3.51). New wrist fractures were significantly identified by low body weight (1.71, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.90) and prior fracture after 50 years (1.96; 95% CI: 1.19, 3.22). Predictors of new rib fractures include a maternal history of a hip facture (2.89; 95% CI: 1.04, 8.08) and a prior fracture after 50 years (2.16; 95% CI: 1.20, 3.87).

Conclusion
This study has shown that there exists a variety of predictors of future fracture, besides BMD, that can be easily assessed by a physician. The significance of each variable depends on the site of incident fracture. Of greatest interest is that an inability to rise from a chair is perhaps the most readily identifiable significant risk factor for hip fracture and can be easily incorporated into routine clinical practice.
Classifying health-related quality of life outcomes of total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Xu Min , Garbuz Donald S , Kuramoto Lisa , Sobolev Boris 
Published: September 2005

Abstract

Background
Primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an effective treatment for hip osteoarthritis, assessed by whatever distribution-based measures of responsiveness. Yet, the group level evaluation has provided very little evidence contributes to our understanding of the large variation of treatment outcome. The objective is to develop criteria that classify individual treatment health related quality of life (HRQOL) outcome after primary THA, adjusted by preoperative scores.

Methods
We prospectively measured 147 patients' disease specific HRQOL on the date of consultation and 12 months post operation by Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Regression models were used to determine the "expected" outcome for a certain individual baseline score. The ceiling effect of WOMAC measurement is addressed by implementing a left-censoring method.

Results
The classification criteria are chosen to be the lower boundary of the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the estimated median from the regression. The robustness of the classification criteria was demonstrated using the Monte-Carlo simulation.

Conclusion
The classification criteria are robust and can be applied in general orthopaedic research when the sample size is reasonable large (over 500).
Contribution of non-extensor muscles of the leg to maximal-effort countermovement jumping
Authors: Nagano Akinori , Komura Taku , Yoshioka Shinsuke , Fukashiro Senshi 
Published: September 2005

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of non-extensor muscles of the leg (i.e., muscles whose primary function is not leg extension) on the kinematics and kinetics of human maximal-effort countermovement jumping. Although it is difficult to address this type of question through experimental procedures, the methodology of computer simulation can be a powerful tool.

Methods
A skeletal model that has nine rigid body segments and twenty degrees of freedom was developed. Two sets of muscle models were attached to this skeletal model: all (most of) major muscles in the leg ("All Muscles" model) and major extensor muscles in the leg (i.e., muscles whose primary function is leg extension; "Extensors Only" model). Neural activation input signal was represented by a series of step functions with a step duration of 0.05 s. Simulations were started from an identical upright standing posture. The optimal pattern of the activation input signal was searched through extensive random-search numerical optimization with a goal of maximizing the height reached by the mass centre of the body after jumping up.

Results
The simulated kinematics was almost two-dimensional, suggesting the validity of two-dimensional analyses when evaluating net mechanical outputs around the joints using inverse dynamics. A greater jumping height was obtained for the "All Muscles" model (0.386 m) than for the "Extensors Only" model (0.301 m). For the "All Muscles" model, flexor muscles developed force in the beginning of the countermovement. For the "All Muscles" model, the sum of the work outputs from non-extensor muscles was 47.0 J, which was 13% of the total amount (359.9 J). The quantitative distribution of the work outputs from individual muscles was markedly different between these two models.

Conclusion
It was suggested that the contribution of non-extensor muscles in maximal-effort countermovement jumping is substantial. The use of a computer simulation model that includes non-extensor muscles seems to be more desirable for the assessment of muscular outputs during jumping.
In vitro activities of 11 fluoroquinolones against 816 non-typhoidal strains of Salmonella enterica isolated from Finnish patients with special reference to reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility
Authors: Kotilainen Pirkko , Pitkänen Susa , Siitonen Anja , Huovinen Pentti , Hakanen Antti J 
Published: September 2005

Abstract

Background
The number of Salmonella strains with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones has increased during recent years in many countries, threatening the value of this antimicrobial group in the treatment of severe salmonella infections.

Methods
We analyzed the in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin and 10 additional fluoroquinolones against 816 Salmonella strains collected from Finnish patients between 1995 and 2003. Special attention was focused on the efficacy of newer fluoroquinolones against the Salmonella strains with reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility.

Results
The isolates represented 119 different serotypes. Of all 816 Salmonella strains, 3 (0.4%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml), 232 (28.4%) showed reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥ 0.125 – 2 μg/ml), and 581 (71.2%) were ciprofloxacin-susceptible. The MIC50 and MIC90 values of ciprofloxacin for these strains were 0.032 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively, being lower than those of the other fluoroquinolone compounds presently on market in Finland (ofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin). For two newer quinolones, clinafloxacin and sitafloxacin, the MIC50 and MIC90 values were lowest, both 0.016 and 0.064 μg/ml, respectively. Moreover, clinafloxacin and sitafloxacin exhibited the lowest MIC50 and MIC90 values, 0.064 and 0.125 μg/ml, against the 235 Salmonella strains with reduced susceptibility and strains fully resistant to ciprofloxacin.

Conclusion
Among the registered fluoroquinolones in Finland, ciprofloxacin still appears to be the most effective drug for the treatment salmonella infections. Among the newer preparations, both clinafloxacin and sitafloxacin are promising based on in vitro studies, especially for strains showing reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Their efficacy, however, has not been demonstrated in clinical investigations.
Diet, lifestyle factors and hypercholesterolemia in elderly men and women from Cyprus
Authors: Polychronopoulos Evangelos , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B , Polystipioti Anna 
Published: September 2005

Abstract

Background
We sought to investigate the single and combined effect of Mediterranean diet, being physically active, moderate alcohol use, and non-smoking on clinical status of 150 elderly people from Cyprus.

Methods
The study comprises individuals enrolled in surveys from Greece and Cyprus. This work includes 53 apparently men and 97 women, aged 65 to 100 years, from various areas of Cyprus. The cohort study was conducted between 2004 and 2005. A diet score that assesses the inherent characteristics of the Mediterranean diet was developed (range 0–55) and then a healthy index was calculated that evaluated four lifestyle habits (range 0 – 4), i.e. non-smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (i.e. above the median of the score).

Results
65% participants had hypercholesterolemia (total serum cholesterol > 200 mg/dl or use of lipid lowering agents). Moreover, 32% of the participants reported physically active, 5% reported smoking habits and 4% that they have stopped smoking during the past decade, while 8% reported alcohol drinking. A positive association was observed between prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and smoking habits (odds ratio = 4.3, p = 0.03), while an inverse association was observed between hypercholesterolemia, alcohol drinking (odds ratio = 0.3, p = 0.04) and adherence to a Mediterranean diet (odds ratio = 0.77, p = 0.02), controlled for age, sex, and other factors.

Conclusion
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and healthful lifestyle is associated with reduced odds of having hypercholesterolemia among elderly people.
An extended association screen in multiple sclerosis using 202 microsatellite markers targeting apoptosis-related genes does not reveal new predisposing factors
Authors: Gödde René , Brune Stefanie , Jagiello Peter , Sindern Eckhart , Haupts Michael , Schimrigk Sebastian , Müller Norbert , Epplen Jörg T 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Apoptosis, the programmed death of cells, plays a distinct role in the etiopathogenesis of Multiple sclerosis (MS), a common disease of the central nervous system with complex genetic background. Yet, it is not clear whether the impact of apoptosis is due to altered apoptotic behaviour caused by variations of apoptosis-related genes. Instead, apoptosis in MS may also represent a secondary response to cellular stress during acute inflammation in the central nervous system. Here, we screened 202 apoptosis-related genes for association by genotyping 202 microsatellite markers in initially 160 MS patients and 160 controls, both divided in 4 sets of pooled DNA samples, respectively. When applying Bonferroni correction, no significant differences in allele frequencies were detected between MS patients and controls. Nevertheless, we chose 7 markers for retyping in individual DNA samples, thereby eliminating 6 markers from the list of candidates. The remaining candidate, the ERBB3 gene microsatellite, was genotyped in additional 245 MS patients and controls. No association of the ERBB3 marker with the disease was detected in these additional cohorts. In consequence, we did not find further evidence for apoptosis-related genes as predisposition factors in MS.