bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caregivers' knowledge, attitude, and perception toward pneumococcal infection prophylaxis in pediatric sickle cell disease patients in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Doe Elom , Nguah Samuel B. , Mensah Kofi B. , Buabeng Kwame O. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsPneumococcal infection prophylaxis (PIP) is necessary for children with sickle cell disease (SCD) due to the enhanced risk of pneumococcal infections and associated mortalities. PIP measures include periodic administration of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), twice‐daily administration of phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets, and nonpharmacological measures. This work assessed the attitude, knowledge, and perception of parents of SCD children on PIP, how parents obtain phenoxymethylpenicillin, and their preference for PIP.MethodsThis prospective cross‐sectional study involved 200 parents of SCD children between 2 and 12 years old seeking medical care at the SCD clinic of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Infants involved had hemoglobin SS, SC, or S‐βthal. A survey questionnaire (written) was administered to gather and interpret the data using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 software.ResultsOut of 200 respondents in this study, 12% knew vaccination could prevent pneumococcal disease, but only 4% had heard about PCV, 96% had heard about phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets, and 40% knew it could prevent it. Although phenoxymethylpenicillin is reimbursed on national insurance, 87% obtained the tablets from outside the hospital with cash, whereas 12% obtained the tablets from the hospital either on insurance or with cash. About 38% mentioned that they had discontinued treatment with tablets due to intentional withdrawal, lack of funds, noncompliant children, and running out of medicine. All but 2% of respondents said they would prefer vaccines to tablets.ConclusionThere is a significant shortfall in knowledge, attitude, and perception of parents of SCD children concerning PIP, which warrants education and awareness creation on PIP in sickle cell clinics to ensure optimum clinical and health outcomes and reduce morbidity and mortality related to such infections.
Prevalence and predictors of binge eating disorder symptoms among a sample of university students in Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Abid Mohammad Tazrian , Banna Md. Hasan Al , Akter Shammy , Brazendale Keith , Spence Charles , Begum Mst. Umme Hafsa , Rashid Rumana , Bari Farzana Sultana , Rifat M. A. , Sultana Mst. Sadia , Khaleduzzaman Md. , Debnath Sourav Chandra , Mahjabin Nushrat , Khan Md. Shafiqul Islam , Hassan Md. Nazmul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThere is a dearth of information about binge eating disorder (BED) among Bangladeshi university students, who may be more susceptible to BED due to the rise in unhealthy lifestyles and food habits. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of BED symptoms among Bangladeshi university students.MethodsStudents (N = 525) from three public universities in Bangladesh participated in this cross‐sectional study between November 2022 and March 2023. Face‐to‐face interviews were conducted using a structured paper‐based questionnaire that included two validated survey tools; the binge eating disorder screener and the patient health questionnaire‐9. To identify the factors associated with BED symptoms, multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted, with sociodemographic and behavioral information (e.g., age, sex, smoking status, etc.) considered as covariates.ResultsThe prevalence of BED symptoms among participants (mean age 21.28 years, 50.3% male and 49.7% female) was 20.6%. Male students had a 2.28 times higher likelihood of having BED symptoms compared to female counterparts (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.33−3.89). Older students (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.80−7.05), students who were overweight or obese (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.87−5.89), and students reporting higher depressive symptoms (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.66−4.35) were at greater risk for developing BED compared to their respective counterparts.ConclusionsThis study provides new insights into the prevalence of BED symptoms and its contributing factors among Bangladeshi students. Approximately 1‐in‐5 university students reported having BED symptoms. University students who are older, overweight, or obese, and who report depressive symptoms may be at greatest risk. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine the causal factors underlying BED. Findings from this study can assist policymakers and public health professionals in developing effective and targeted strategies to mitigate the risks associated with BED among Bangladeshi university students.
Uncommon presentation of gestational trophoblastic disease: A case report of invasive mole with gingival metastasis and unique metastatic dissemination
Authors: Almuradova Elvina , Karimov Ziya 
Published: November 2023

SynopsisThis report sheds light on the extraordinary presentation of invasive mole with gingival metastasis. There are limited cases on this topic in the literature.
The influence of daily life events on learning crafting and the intervening roles of academic emotions and regulatory focus in high school students
Authors: Hu Yibo , Chen Wenwen , Ma Yuting , Zhang Baoshan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe adaptation of students to academic challenges in high school is crucial for academic performance. This study proposes the concept of “learning crafting,” a previously under‐researched area, and investigates its associated variables.MethodsUsing a diary method, we studied 187 Chinese high school students (64% female; Mage = 15.57) over a 9‐day period. We examined the effect of daily life events on learning crafting, and considered academic emotions as mediators and regulatory focus as moderators.ResultsHierarchical linear modeling revealed that daily positive events were positively correlated with learning crafting at both within‐person and between‐person levels. Positive academic emotions served as mediators of this relationship. Furthermore, promotion focus had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between daily positive events and positive academic emotions. Conversely, daily negative events were only negatively correlated with learning crafting at the between‐person level, and no additional significant relationships were identified.ConclusionThis study elucidated the effect of daily life events on learning crafting, its mediating mechanisms, and conditional factors. These results not only contribute to crafting theory, but also provide theoretical underpinnings for future interventions targeting high school students' learning crafting.
SFTSV Gn‐Head mRNA vaccine confers efficient protection against lethal viral challenge
Authors: Kim Dokyun , Lai Chih‐Jen , Cha Inho , Kang Seokmin , Yang Wan‐Shan , Choi Younho , Jung Jae U. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick‐borne virus, causing thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic fever, with a fatality rate ranging from 12% to 30%. SFTSV possesses Gn and Gc glycoproteins, which are responsible for host cell receptor attachment and membrane fusion, respectively, to infect host cells. We have previously reported a protein subunit vaccine candidate (sGn‐H‐FT) of the SFTSV soluble Gn head region (sGn‐H) fused with self‐assembling ferritin (FT) nanoparticles, displaying strong protective immunogenicity. In this study, we present messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine candidates encoding sGn‐H or sGn‐H‐FT, both of which exhibit potent in vivo immunogenicity and protection capacity. Mice immunized with either sGn‐H or sGn‐H‐FT mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine produced strong total antibodies and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against sGn‐H. Importantly, NAb titers remained high for an extended period. Finally, mice immunized with sGn‐H or sGn‐H‐FT mRNA LNP vaccine were fully protected from a lethal dose of SFTSV challenge, showing no fatality. These findings underscore the promise of sGn‐H and sGn‐H‐FT as vaccine antigen candidates capable of providing protective immunity against SFTSV infection.
LEADERSHIP AND THE ART OF ACTIVE LISTENING
Authors: Younger Heather R 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe author, founder & CEO of Employee Fanatix, a leading employee engagement and consulting firm, explains the role of active listening within leadership. She notes that “listening at work is flawed because people don’t feel safe telling the truth, and listening is usually one‐sided, so it rarely produces any results or the outcomes that we are looking for.” In Figure 1, The Cycle of Active Listening, she includes step 1: Recognize the unsaid 2: seek to understand 3: Decode 4: act. In Figure 2, Seeking to Understand, she includes the following: Demonstrate empathy, Be present, Embrace Inclusion, Exhibit courage, Stay curious, and minimize assumptions. She explains different types of listening, active reflective, empathetic, and evaluative. listening. Active “is about making a conscious effort to hear and understand someone else.” Reflective “is a communication strategy involving two key steps: seeking to understand what another person is saying and then repeating what we think we heard back to them to confirm that we understood correctly.” Empathetic “takes active listening to the next level because it requires us to make an emotional connection with another person and search for common ground that will enable us to respond in a meaningful way.” Evaluative “is when we make a judgment about what another person says.”
A new 2.5‐D twin screw extruder melting model with comparisons to data
Authors: Campbell Gregory A. , Wetzel Mark D. , Andersen Paul , Golba Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMany polymers are processed and compounded in co‐rotating, fully intermeshing twin screw extruders. A typical compounding process consists of multiple unit operations including feed introduction, solids transport, transitioning from the conveying zone to the kneading block melting zone, melting, a downstream feed zone, a mixing zone, a devolatilization region, and a pressure generating discharge section. This paper will focus on the kneading block melting zone which typically includes a reverse pitch element so the kneaders remain full. Mechanisms for flow and energy input to pellets in kneading elements, including friction heating, pellet compression, energy diffusion, and viscous dissipation to form a melt phase: followed by viscous dissipation in a solid pellet/melt slurry, and heat transfer; are developed and implemented in a novel melting model. The model is validated with extrusion measurements and visualizations using low density polyethylene (LDPE). The predictions of the model are also compared with a classical set of experiments using high density polyethylene (HDPE). This paper describes the physics and engineering concepts that the authors feel are inherent in the melting section of the twin screw extruder where a large pressure peak is calculated using the friction and compression of the polymer pellets. The modeled increase in pellet bulk/surface temperature is due to the inclusion of four energy sources, pellet compression, thermal diffusion, friction energy dissipation, and viscous energy dissipation. This combined thermal dynamics based melting model results in a novel melting protocol. The melting mechanisms are coupled to flow regimes in the kneading blocks as melting progresses. The effects of throughput, Q, and screw rotation speed, N, are also examined.Highlights
Novel 2.5D melting model for corotating, intermeshing twin‐screw extruders.
Energy for melting; friction, deformation, diffusion, and viscous dissipation.
The model helps elucidate mechanisms during melting in a twin‐screw extruder.
Constructing Heterogeneous Interface by Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on the Surface of MoB2 for Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in a Wide pH Range
Authors: Sun Jianhang , Guo Feifan , Ai Xuan , Tian Yuyang , Yang Jin , Zou Xiaoxin , Zhu Guangshan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTransition metal diborides represented by MoB2 have attracted widespread attention for their excellent acidic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Nevertheless, their electrocatalytic performance is generally unsatisfactory in high‐pH electrolytes. Heterogeneous interface engineering is one of the most promising methods for optimizing the composition and structure of electrocatalysts, thereby greatly affecting their electrochemical performance. Herein, a heterostructure, composed of MoB2 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), is rationally constructed by boronizing precursors including (NH4)4[NiH6Mo6O24]·5H2O (NiMo6) and Co complexes on the carbon cloth (Co,Ni–MoB2@CNT/CC). In this method, NiMo6 is boronized to form MoB2 by a modified molten‐salt‐assisted borothermal reduction. Meanwhile, Co catalyzes extra carbon sources to grow CNTs on the surface of MoB2. Thanks to the successful production of the heterostructure, Co,Ni–MoB2@CNT/CC exhibits remarkable HER performance with a low overpotential of 98.6, 113.0, and 73.9 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in acidic, neutral, and alkaline electrolytes, respectively. Notably, even at 500 mA cm−2, the electrochemical activity of Co,Ni–MoB2@CNT/CC exceeds that of Pt/C/CC in an alkaline solution and maintains over 50 h. Theoretical calculations reveal that the construction of the heterostructure is beneficial to both water dissociation and reactive intermediate adsorption, resulting in superior alkaline HER performance.
Nickel‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks Promote Diabetic Wound Healing via Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species and Enhancing Angiogenesis
Authors: Liu Jia , Chen Zhongyin , Liu Huan , Qin Sumei , Li Mingyi , Shi Lin , Zhou Cheng , Liao Tao , Li Cao , Lv Qiying , Liu Miaodeng , Zou Meizhen , Deng Yan , Wang Zheng , Wang Lin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChronic diabetic wounds remain a worldwide challenge for both the clinic and research. Given the vicious circle of oxidative stress and inflammatory response as well as the impaired angiogenesis of the diabetic wound tissues, the wound healing process is disturbed and poorly responds to the current treatments. In this work, a nickel‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF, Ni‐HHTP) with excellent antioxidant activity and proangiogenic function is developed to accelerate the healing process of chronic diabetic wounds. The Ni‐HHTP can mimic the enzymatic catalytic activities of antioxidant enzymes to eliminate multi‐types of reactive species through electron transfer reactions, which protects cells from oxidative stress‐related damage. Moreover, this Ni‐based MOF can promote cell migration and angiogenesis by activating transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) in vitro and reprogram macrophages to the anti‐inflammatory phenotype. Importantly, Ni‐HHTP effectively promotes the healing process of diabetic wounds by suppressing the inflammatory response and enhancing angiogenesis in vivo. This study reports a versatile and promising MOF‐based nanozyme for diabetic wound healing, which may be extended in combination with other wound dressings to enhance the management of diabetic or non‐healing wounds.
On the importance of accurate pole and station coordinates for VLBI Intensive baselines
Authors: Kern Lisa , Schartner Matthias , Böhm Johannes , Böhm Sigrid , Nothnagel Axel , Soja Benedikt 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVery long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a geodetic technique capable of deriving the complete set of Earth orientation parameters, including the highly variable Earth’s phase of rotation. This observable can be expressed through UT1–UTC, the difference between the Universal Time and the Coordinated Universal Time. The so-called Intensive sessions, or Intensives, are typically 1-h sessions between two to three stations that are observed daily with the primary goal of determining UT1–UTC with a short latency. In this publication, we examine the impact of erroneous a priori information on the UT1–UTC estimation with VLBI Intensive sessions in a systematic way and on a global scale. Our findings are based on a simulation study which is carried out on a regular $$10 \times 10$$

10
×
10

degree grid of artificial telescopes. In the simulations, realistic errors are introduced in the station coordinates, polar motion and nutation to get a global picture of the impact of these errors on the estimation of UT1–UTC. Our results reveal that in contrast to errors in the horizontal components of the station coordinates, an error in the station height only slightly affects the UT1–UTC estimate. North–south-oriented baselines are in general strongly affected by errors in the a priori information. In all cases, very short and very long baselines as well as baselines with a midpoint close to the equatorial plane are less robust. On the other hand, east–west-oriented baselines, except equatorial baselines, seem to be rather resistant against errors of these a priori values.
Semiquantitative analysis of cerebral [18F]FDG-PET uptake in pediatric patients
Authors: Cruz-Cortes Álvaro , Avendaño-Estrada Arturo , Alcauter Sarael , Núñez-Enríquez Juan Carlos , Rivera-Bravo Belen , Olarte-Casas Miguel Ángel , Ávila-Rodríguez Miguel Ángel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Glycolytic metabolism in the brain of pediatric patients, imaged with [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is incompletely characterized.

Objective
The purpose of the current study was to characterize [18F]FDG-PET brain uptake in a large sample of pediatric patients with non-central nervous system diseases as an alternative to healthy subjects to evaluate changes at different pediatric ages.

Materials and Methods
Seven hundred ninety-five [18F]FDG-PET examinations from children < 18 years of age without central nervous system diseases were included. Each brain image was spatially normalized, and the standardized uptake value (SUV) was obtained. The SUV and the SUV relative to different pseudo-references were explored as a function of age.

Results
At all evaluated ages, the occipital lobe showed the highest [18F]FDG uptake (0.27 ± 0.04 SUV/year), while the parietal lobe and brainstem had the lowest uptake (0.17 ± 0.02 SUV/year, for both regions). An increase [18F]FDG uptake was found for all brain regions until 12 years old, while no significant uptake differences were found between ages 13 (SUV = 5.39) to 17 years old (SUV = 5.52) (P < 0.0001 for the whole brain). A sex dependence was found in the SUVmean for the whole brain during adolescence (SUV 5.04–5.25 for males, 5.68–5.74 for females, P = 0.0264). Asymmetries in [18F]FDG uptake were found in the temporal and central regions during infancy.

Conclusions
Brain glycolytic metabolism of [18F]FDG, measured through the SUVmean, increased with age until early adolescence (< 13 years old), showing differences across brain regions. Age, sex, and brain region influence [18F]FDG uptake, with significant hemispheric asymmetries for temporal and central regions.

Graphical Abstract
A Multigenerational Turing Model Reproduces Transgressive Petal Spot Phenotypes in Hybrid Mimulus
Authors: Simmons Emily S. G. , Cooley Arielle M. , Puzey Joshua R. , ConradiSmith Gregory D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe origin of phenotypic novelty is a perennial question of genetics and evolution. To date, few studies of biological pattern formation specifically address multi-generational aspects of inheritance and phenotypic novelty. For quantitative traits influenced by many segregating alleles, offspring phenotypes are often intermediate to parental values. In other cases, offspring phenotypes can be transgressive to parental values. For example, in the model organism Mimulus (monkeyflower), the offspring of parents with solid-colored petals exhibit novel spotted petal phenotypes. These patterns are controlled by an activator-inhibitor gene regulatory network with a small number of loci. Here we develop and analyze a model of hybridization and pattern formation that accounts for the inheritance of a diploid gene regulatory network composed of either homozygous or heterozygous alleles. We find that the resulting model of multi-generational Turing-type pattern formation can reproduce transgressive petal phenotypes similar to those observed in Mimulus. The model gives insight into how non-patterned parent phenotypes can yield phenotypically transgressive, patterned offspring, aiding in the development of empirically testable hypotheses.
Does daylight saving time lead to more myocardial infarctions?
Authors: Fansa Adel , Fietze Ingo , Penzel Thomas , Herberger Sebastian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Daylight saving time (DST) is practiced in over 70 countries worldwide. Its assumed economic benefits have become subject of increasing controversy in the recent past, and, together with its likely negative impacts on health, have led to the decision to abolish DST in the EU and the USA. Transitions from and to DST disrupt the circadian rhythm and lead to measurable adverse effects. Among them, the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is suspected to increase as a consequence of DST changes.

Objective
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between DST transitions and the incidence of acute myocardial infarction based on the available literature.

Materials and methods
A systematic literature search in the MEDLINE database was performed. Studies were included that observed the AMI incidence after transitioning from or to DST and had a control period beyond or around the post-transitional weeks. Of 26 identified studies, 8 met the inclusion criteria. Results were interpreted with an emphasis on methodological differences, reported incidence rates, and subgroup analyses.

Results
Seven of the identified studies reported the incidence rate ratio (IRR), observed-to-expected ratio, or odds ratio, while one study only reported IRR values for the individual days and statistical significance levels for the transition weeks. Six studies reported an increased incidence after the spring shift, four of which were statistically significant. Three studies reported an increase after the autumn shift, of which two were statistically significant.

Conclusion
Several studies show increased AMI incidence rates following both spring and autumn DST shifts, yet results remain in part contradictory. Future research to establish a better understanding of the health implications of DST transitions is warranted, and the quantification of incidence rates should control for confounding factors.