bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clustering Zwitterionic Amino Acids at the Upper Rim of Cone Calix[4]arene Triggers the Selective Recognition of Gram‐Negative Bacterial Envelope
Authors: Rispoli Francesco , Moretti Luca , Vezzoni Carlo Alberto , Tosi Eloisa , Molteni Linda , Ciaramelli Carlotta , Marchiò Luciano , Volpi Stefano , Baldini Laura , Sansone Francesco , Palmioli Alessandro , Airoldi Cristina , Casnati Alessandro 
Published: February 2025

Eleven calix[4]arene ligands, bearing zwitterionic α‐amino acids or charged ammonium or sulfonate/carboxylate groups, are synthesized and screened for the binding to the envelopes of three bacterial strain representatives of Gram‐positive, Gram‐negative, and mycobacteria. The binding is followed by on‐cell Saturation Transfer Difference Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments directly on alive cells. While the anionic tetrasulfonatocalixarene does not bind to any bacterial strains significantly and the cationic calixarenes strongly bind to both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, the zwitterionic tetraprolino‐ and tetraphenylalaninocalix[4]arene show a remarkable selectivity for Gram‐negatives over Gram‐positives and mycobacteria. The tetraprolinocalixarene binds to the lipopolysaccharides extracted from two Gram‐negative bacteria (Pseudomonas putida or Escherichia coli), suggesting these biomacromolecules as possible targets in the recognition of their cell walls. The ligand binding epitope map demonstrates a deep involvement of the amino acids and calixarene aromatic nuclei in the interaction. In this study, for the first time, the ability of synthetic macrocycles to selectively recognize the envelope of Gram‐negative bacteria is highlighted, and the way to the chemical modifications of the ligand structure is paved to develop devices for the detection or treatment of bacterial infections, thus allowing to add another string to the bow for the fight against antimicrobial resistance.
Effect of curing condition on mode‐I and mode‐II cracking resistance of glass fiber reinforced concrete and their relations with tensile and compressive strengths
Authors: Ekramian Soroush , Karamzadeh Nima Shahni , Bakhtiari Morteza , Karimi Hamid Reza 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlass fiber‐reinforced concrete is a favorable material for constructing structures, especially for those placed in watery environments. The concrete in the watery environments can be roughly placed in two conditions, above the water (dry) or under the water (submerged). On the other hand, water bodies can also be categorized as fresh or salt water. In the current study, the effect of fiber length (e.g., plain, 10, 20, and 30 mm), curing environment (e.g., dry, fresh, and saltwater), and age (28, 90, and 180 days) was studied on glass fiber reinforced concrete. The measured mechanical parameters were direct tensile (σt) and compressive (σc) strengths, along with pure mode‐I (KIc) and pure mode‐II fracture (KIIc) resistance. The results show that the tensile strength, mode‐I and mode‐II fracture toughness constantly increase with the increase of fiber length to 30 mm, while compressive strength reduces if fiber length increases by more than 15 mm. The optimum fiber length was obtained as 30 mm (based on tensile data). The trend analysis shows a meaningful relation between the tensile and compressive strength and between the mode I and mode II fracture toughness.
“Whose Science Is It?” The Field of Child, Childhood Studies, and Early Childhood Education
Authors: Lenz Taguchi Hillevi , Bodén Linnea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter presents the vast field of child, childhood, and early childhood education studies, with a number of sketches presented on a meta-level. The first sketch is about the unproblematized idea of a desired integration between different scientific approaches to inform early childhood education. The second series of sketches discusses and challenges the notion of the need for a translational bridge over a presumed gap between the neurosciences and educational practices, where cognitive psychology is thought to take on the role of translator on a bidirectional bridge. The third sketch includes a wider array of inquiries from the humanities and social sciences. The sketch is constructed as two circles with movable positions to illustrate new possible relations and encounters between different ontologies and epistemologies.
Children and the EEG Cap: Exploratory Research to Investigate Children’s Experiences and Participation
Authors: Lenz Taguchi Hillevi , Bodén Linnea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter shows how one of the authors, Linnea Bodén, worked collaboratively with a group of children to explore their experiences with brainwave recordings which entailed wearing an electroencephalogram (EEG) cap. Inspired by new materialist and posthumanist emergent forms of inquiry, the children and the researcher together made their own EEG caps. The collaborative exploratory construction of EEG caps and other accessories shows how the children’s individual and different interests were closely tied to each of their worldly (extra)ordinary ways of understanding the EEG caps and the testing itself. The chapter argues that to investigate children’s experinces taking part in research, we need more and emergent kinds of research methodologies. It was necessary to include all of the various relations that the children had with the EEG caps and the testing practice.
The Present and Future of Service Design in Hong Kong: An Emerging Design Field
Authors: Wan Bruce C. K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current service design landscape in Hong Kong. This study comprises information gathered from official statistics, gray literature, and interviews with government officials, design practitioners, and academics. Interview data is used to probe into the design practice in which the participants reflected on their professional journeys and discussed the capabilities of service designers. This study also examines the barriers and enablers of the current practice as well as the future development of service design. Three main barriers were identified that have impeded the adoption of service design in companies, namely the prevalence of a power hierarchy and silo, client disengagement, and high-risk aversion mindset. Additionally, three enablers were found to be conducive to service design integration: the shift to a human-centered business model, the demand for multiplicity design skills and knowledge, and building partnerships with stakeholders. Digital transformation and sustainability are the future considerations to foster sustained development of service design. Suggestions were made to foster sustained development of service design in Hong Kong.
Hospital supply and infant mortality: Evidence from Islamic political representation in Turkey
Authors: Erten Bilge , Yılmaz Yunus Cem 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate the impact of healthcare facility supply on infant mortality by exploiting a change in local governments in Turkey as a quasi-exogenous shock to local hospital supply. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find a significant decline in infant mortality in municipalities where an Islamic mayor was barely elected. Exploring potential channels, we document a significant increase in the number and size of hospitals and health clinics in treated municipalities. Moreover, children in these municipalities are more likely to be born in government facilities, receive treatment for cough and fever, benefit from a greater number of childhood vaccinations, and have more prenatal care visits before birth. Our findings highlight that investments in public healthcare facilities in disadvantaged areas can have substantial effects on the survival of infants.
Use of hydroxyurea in French-speaking Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Arlet Jean-Benoît , Bernaudin Françoise , Deme-Ly Indou , Coulibaly Binta , Corbasson Anne , Diagne Ibrahima , Diallo Dapa , Diop Saliou , Eposse Charlotte , Galacteros Frédéric , Hermine Olivier , Kafando Eléonore , Lainé Agnès , de Montalembert Mariane , Vodouhé Constant , Vovor Ahoefa , Ranque Brigitte , Tshilolo Léon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The hydroxyurea is a save, affordable and essential medicine for sickle cell disease (SCD), reducing painful crises and mortality. To foster the prescription of hydroxyurea for patients with SCD in sub-Saharan African countries, the scientific advisory board of Drep.Afrique, a non-governmental organization dedicated to SCD in Africa, has developed a therapeutic guideline well suited to conditions on the ground. These guidelines answer three essential questions: which patients should be prioritized for treatment with hydroxyurea, which dose should be used, and what follow-up should be implemented in those low-resources countries?
The guidelines are given as in a concise document for easy use by practitioners on the ground, available in English and in French.
PlaqueViT: a vision transformer model for fully automatic vessel and plaque segmentation in coronary computed tomography angiography
Authors: Alvén Jennifer , Petersen Richard , Hagerman David , Sandstedt Mårten , Kitslaar Pieter , Bergström Göran , Fagman Erika , Hjelmgren Ola 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
To develop and evaluate a deep learning model for segmentation of the coronary artery vessels and coronary plaques in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Materials and methods
CCTA image data from the Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS) was used for model development (n = 463 subjects) and testing (n = 123) and for an interobserver study (n = 65). A dataset from Linköping University Hospital (n = 28) was used for external validation. The model’s ability to detect coronary artery disease (CAD) was tested in a separate SCAPIS dataset (n = 684). A deep ensemble (k = 6) of a customized 3D vision transformer model was used for voxelwise classification. The Dice coefficient, the average surface distance, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, analysis of segmented volumes by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and agreement (sensitivity and specificity) were used to analyze model performance.

Results
PlaqueViT segmented coronary plaques with a Dice coefficient = 0.55, an average surface distance = 0.98 mm and ICC = 0.93 versus an expert reader. In the interobserver study, PlaqueViT performed as well as the expert reader (Dice coefficient = 0.51 and 0.50, average surface distance = 1.31 and 1.15 mm, ICC = 0.97 and 0.98, respectively). PlaqueViT achieved 88% agreement (sensitivity 97%, specificity 76%) in detecting any coronary plaque in the test dataset (n = 123) and 89% agreement (sensitivity 95%, specificity 83%) in the CAD detection dataset (n = 684).

Conclusion
We developed a deep learning model for fully automatic plaque detection and segmentation that identifies and delineates coronary plaques and the arterial lumen with similar performance as an experienced reader.

Key Points

Question

A tool for fully automatic and voxelwise segmentation of coronary plaques in coronary CTA (CCTA) is important for both clinical and research usage of the CCTA examination.

Findings

Segmentation of coronary artery plaques by PlaqueViT was comparable to an expert reader’s performance.

Clinical relevance

This novel, fully automatic deep learning model for voxelwise segmentation of coronary plaques in CCTA is highly relevant for large population studies such as the Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study.

Graphical Abstract
A 15-year experience highlighting the spectrum of Alport kidney disease in the pediatric population and novel genetic variants in COL4A3–5
Authors: Andrejašič Nastja , Blejc Novak Anja , Močnik Mirjam , Marčun Varda Nataša , Stangler Herodež Špela , Krgović Danijela , Zupan Andrej , Meglič Anamarija 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Alport kidney disease (AKD) presents one of the most prevalent genetic kidney disorders, characterized by a complex genetic background and diverse clinical manifestations. This study aimed to review the clinical and genetic features of pediatric patients with COL4A3–5 variants and identify novel genetic variants.

Methods
Data were collected retrospectively at a national level from pediatric patients up to 19 years old, who underwent genetic testing between 2008 and 2023. Patients with pathogenic and likely pathogenic COL4A3–5 variants were included. Their clinical, laboratory, and genetic characteristics were presented.

Results
Over 15 years, 85 children and adolescents tested positive for pathogenic or likely pathogenic COL4A3–5 variants. Increasing incidence was noted as genetic testing became more prevalent. One patient (1.2%) progressed to kidney failure and six (7%) had extrarenal involvement. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5 genes were found in 14 (16.4%), 34 (40.0%), and 37 (43.6%) patients, respectively. Patients were diagnosed with autosomal, X-linked, and digenic AKD in 55.2%, 43.6%, and 1.2%, respectively. Eight novel variants were recorded, and their associated phenotype presented.

Conclusions
This study expands the genetic and clinical background of pediatric patients with AKD, presenting on a spectrum from mild hematuria to progressive chronic kidney disease. Genetic confirmation and risk stratification in the pediatric population are critical to ensure timely care and potentially slow down the progression of kidney disease.

Graphical abstract
A small area analysis of acute exposure to temperatures and mental health in North Carolina
Authors: Ryan Sophia C , Wertis Luke , Sugg Margaret M. , Runkle Jennifer D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that temperatures adversely impact mental and behavioral disorders (MBD). This study explores the effects of temperatures on mental health outcomes using over 5.9 million MBD-related emergency department (ED) visits across three geographical regions of North Carolina (i.e., Mountains, Piedmont, and Coast) from 2016 to 2019. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) with a generalized linear model and quasi-Poisson distribution adjusted for humidity, long-term seasonal time trends, and day of the week examined the acute impact (i.e., 7-day) of temperature on daily MBD-related ED visits at zip code tabulation area (ZCTA) locations. Results were pooled at the region and state levels and reported in reference to the median temperature using a case-time series design for the analysis of small-area data. Stratified analyses were conducted for age, sex, and specific mental-health related ED visits (substance use, mood disorders, anxiety disorders). At the state level, we found significant positive associations between high temperatures (97.5th percentile) and an increase in relative risk (RR) for total MBDs (RR:1.04, 95% CI,1.03–1.05) and psychoactive substance use (RR:1.04, 95% CI, 1.02–1.06). Low air temperatures (2.5th percentile) only increased risk for the elderly (i.e., 65 and older) and predominantly white communities (RR: 1.03, CI: 1.03–1.05). During high temperatures (97.5th percentile), majority-white communities (RR:1.06, CI: 1.01–1.10) and low-income communities had the highest risk for MBDs (RR: 1.05, CI: 1.03–1.07). Our findings suggest there is a positive association between exposure to high temperatures and increased MBD-related ED visits, modified by patient age and place-based sociodemographic (ie., race and income) context.
The effect of non-pharmacological interventions on cognitive function in cancer: an overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Haywood Darren , Henneghan Ashley M. , Chan Alexandre , Chan Raymond J. , Dhillon Haryana M. , Lustberg Maryam B. , Vardy Janette L. , O’Connor Moira , Elvidge Norah , Dauer Evan , Franco-Rocha Oscar Y. , Vasan Shradha , Murray James , Crichton Megan , Wilding Helen , Rossell Susan L. , Hart Nicolas H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
A significant number of cancer survivors experience cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), which can impact their ability to think, reason, make decisions, and perform daily actions. In recent years, non-pharmacological interventions for CRCI have gained significant attention. These interventions include exercise, cognitive behavioural therapy, cognitive training/remediation, dietary, mind–body, and multi-modal/complex interventions. This umbrella review provides a critical overview to inform guidelines and current practice, identify the most promising interventions, and uncover gaps in the research literature.

Methods
This umbrella review of systematic reviews was pre-registered on Open Science Framework and PROSPERO. Six databases were searched. Systematic reviews (SR) assessing any non-pharmacological interventions to improve cognition in cancer (any type) were included. The overview followed gold-standard guidelines and recommendations. The results were narratively synthesised, and descriptive statistics and effect size ranges were calculated.

Results
Sixty-four (n = 64) SRs were included. Results were synthesised into four non-pharmacological domains. Cognitive training/rehabilitation had the strongest evidence for efficacy. Physical activity/exercise showed promising efficacy; however, the variability of findings was considerable. Mind–body and psychological/behavioural therapy interventions were limited, but there was evidence for short-term effectiveness. Multi-modal/complex interventions showed potential for improving cognition in cancer but were poorly defined.

Conclusions
Overall, non-pharmacological interventions demonstrated efficacy for improving cognition in cancer. There were limited intervention characteristics within domains which were consistently related to efficacy. Three key recommendations are provided for future research: (1) adopt harmonisation and reporting guidelines; (2) develop definitional guidelines of cognitive domains for CRCI research; and (3) assess intervention and participant characteristics associated with positive versus null/negative findings.
Tooth brushing behavior and oral health care of people with early childhood autism in Germany
Authors: Kraus H. , Schulte A. G. , Fricke O. , Schmidt Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Only a little is known about the tooth brushing behaviors and oral health care of people with early childhood autism (P-EA). To remedy this, a survey was carried out with P-EA of all ages.

Materials and methods
In summer 2021, an online survey questionnaire with 124 questions, addressed only at caregivers of P-EA, was sent to all members of the Bundesverband Autismus Deutschland e.V. Our present study evaluated the 20 survey questions related to dental self-care.

Results
In total, 130 questionnaires were evaluated. The mean age of the P-EA was 22.7 years (min: 3y; max: 60y; SD ± 14.1y). Only 17.7% (n =23) of the P-EA were female, while 82.3%(n =107) were male. Overall, 54.6% (n = 71) of P-EA are always actively assisted in tooth brushing. Although 57.7% (n = 75) of P-EA brushed teeth twice daily, 39.2% brushed for one to two minutes (n = 51). P-EA younger than 18 years old selected toothpaste primarily for taste reasons (32.7%;n = 18). Only 9.3% (n = 7) of adult P-EA selected toothpaste because of the fluoride content. Manual toothbrushes were preferred by 40.8% (n = 53) of the P-EA, and electric toothbrushes by 34.6% (n = 45). Almost three quarters (71.5%;n = 93) did not use additional dental care implements. The same number (75.4%;n = 98) of P-EA had not practiced supervised brushing in a dental office.

Conclusions/Clinical relevance
Active support in dental self-care is crucial for a majority of the P-EA in Germany, regardless of their age. Professional support needs to be fundamentally improved. Clinical concepts for practical instruction in dental hygiene should be developed for P-EA.
Intraoral perfusion assessment using endoscopic hyperspectral imaging (EHSI)– first description of a novel approach
Authors: Römer Paul , Blatt Sebastian , Siegberg Fabia , Vinayahalingam Shankeeth , Al-Nawas Bilal , Kämmerer P. W. , Thiem Daniel G. E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to establish a method to detect and quantify mucosal malperfusion intraorally using state-of-the-art Endoscopic Hyperspectral Imaging (EHSI). For this purpose, mucosal ischemia was selectively induced by intraligamentary anesthesia (ILA) with and without + epinephrine using a standardized protocol.

Materials and methods
EHSI was performed using a novel endoscopic hyperspectral imaging system. Parameters assessed were Tissue Oxygen Saturation (StO2 [%]), Tissue Hemoglobin Index (THI), Near Infrared Perfusion Index (NPI) and Tissue Water Index (TWI). Fifty-seven healthy subjects received ILA using Articaine 4% with (ILA+) and without (ILA-) epinephrine at a dosage of 1:200,000 administered mesially and distally to the target tooth 42 (Universal No. 26). Mucosal perfusion was assessed using EHSI for 45 min post-injection.

Results
After ILA+, a distinct ischemia of the mucosa was already clinically apparent after 30 s with significant reduction of THI and StO2 by an average of 57% (p < 0.001) and 7% (p < 0.040) compared to baseline values. Persistent hypoperfusion of the oral mucosa was observed throughout the monitoring period, exhibiting a gradual resolution at the 30-minute mark, and nearing baseline perfusion approximately 45 min post-injection. There was no papillary necrosis after ILA + injection.

Conclusion
EHSI is suitable to adequately detect and visualize actual perfusion of the intraoral mucosa. The study revealed that LA with epinephrine (1:200,000) induce temporary hypoxia in the dental papilla but without causing severe ischemia.

Clinical relevance
EHSI will enable promising applications in the future, i.a. success monitoring of periodontal therapies, intraoral free flap monitoring and the assessment of cancer margins.
Truncated cylindrical array plate for mid-air imaging
Authors: Sano Junpei , Koizumi Naoya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mid-air imaging, a visual display technology for augmented reality (AR) that enables multiple people to view images simultaneously without the need for special eyewear, involves the formation of real images in mid-air through various optical elements. This paper presents a novel mid-air imaging optical plate, termed the truncated cylindrical array plate (TCAP). TCAP is composed of transparent cylinders with obliquely truncated ends and mirrors, specifically designed to address issues such as stray light and limited viewing angles in existing mid-air imaging optical elements. We evaluated TCAP through computer simulations and by fabricating a prototype optical element. Ray tracing simulations and stereo matching algorithms demonstrated that mid-air images are symmetrically formed on the side opposite of the light source relative to the TCAP. Furthermore, the simulations indicated that a bright, stray-light-free mid-air image could be achieved within a horizontal viewing angle of approximately

$$\pm \, 40 ^\circ $$

±

40
∘

. Experimental evaluation using a handcrafted prototype further confirmed the plane symmetry of mid-air image formation, validating its functionality as a mid-air imaging element. The proposed method is advantageous in systems where stray light is problematic, such as mid-air image interaction systems or optical systems utilizing mid-air imaging elements.