bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta-regression on international trends in the incidence of ulcerative colitis in children and adolescents associated with socioeconomic and geographic factors
Authors: Weidner Jens , Kern Ivana , Reinecke Ines , Bathelt Franziska , Manuwald Ulf , Henke Elisa , Zoch Michele , Rothe Ulrike , Kugler Joachim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) among children and adolescents is rising globally, albeit with notable discrepancies across countries. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the incidence rates of pediatric UC in various countries and explore potential influencing factors. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and EMBASE (via OVID) for studies published between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 2019. Additionally, a manual search was performed to identify relevant systematic reviews. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were employed to determine the overall incidence rate and examine potential factors that may influence it. A total of 66 studies were included in the qualitative analysis, while 65 studies were included in the meta-analysis and 50 studies were meta-regression. The study reports a rising incidence of pediatric UC in several countries but significant differences across geographic regions, with no discernible global temporal trend. In addition, our meta-regression analysis showed that geographic location and socioeconomic factors significantly influenced the incidence of UC.Conclusion: Our findings indicate a rising incidence of pediatric UC in numerous countries since 1970, but with significant geographical variation, potentially presenting challenges for respective healthcare systems. We have identified geographic and socioeconomic factors that contribute to the observed heterogeneity in incidence rates. These findings provide a foundation for future research and health policies, aiming to tackle the growing burden of UC among children and adolescents.

What is Known:• The incidence of ulcerative colitis in childhood and adolescence appears to be increasing worldwide and varies internationally.• Environmental and lifestyle factors are suspected as potential causes.

What is New:• Our results highlight that the heterogeneity in incidence rates can be attributed to geographic and socio-economic factors.
Non-photochemical quenching may contribute to the dominance of the pale mat-forming lichen Cladonia stellaris over the sympatric melanic Cetraria islandica
Authors: Solhaug Knut Asbjørn , Eiterjord Gaute , Løken Martine Hana , Gauslaa Yngvar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe mat-forming fruticose lichensCladonia stellarisandCetraria islandicafrequently co-occur on soils in sun-exposed boreal, subarctic, and alpine ecosystems. While the dominant reindeer lichenCladonialacks a cortex but produces the light-reflecting pale pigment usnic acid on its surface, the common but patchierCetrariahas a firm cortex sealed by the light-absorbing pigment melanin. By measuring reflectance spectra, high-light tolerance, photosynthetic responses, and chlorophyll fluorescence in sympatric populations of these lichens differing in fungal pigments, we aimed to study how they cope with high light while hydrated. Specimens of the two species tolerated high light equally well but with different protective mechanisms. The mycobiont of the melanic species efficiently absorbed excess light, consistent with a lower need for its photobiont to protect itself by non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). By contrast, usnic acid screened light at 450–700 nm by reflectance and absorbed shorter wavelengths. The ecorticate usnic species with less efficient fungal light screening exhibited a consistently lower light compensation point and higher CO2uptake rates than the melanic lichen. In both species, steady state NPQ rapidly increased at increasing light with no signs of light saturation. To compensate for less internal shading causing light fluctuations with a larger amplitude, the usnic lichen photobiont adjusted to changing light by faster induction and faster relaxation of NPQ rapidly transforming excess excitation energy to less damaging heat. The high and flexible NPQ tracking fluctuations in solar radiation probably contributes to the strong dominance of the usnic mat-formingCladoniain open lichen-dominated heaths.
Diagnostic value of cervical spine ZOOM-DWI in cervical spondylotic myelopathy
Authors: Li Jia , Tian Xiao-Nan , Zhao Bao-Gen , Wang Ning , Zhang Yu-Jin , Zhang Li 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the clinical application value of the non-shared incentive diffusion imaging technique (ZOOM-DWI) diagnoses of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Methods
49 CSM patients who presented from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the patient group, and 50 healthy volunteers are recruited as the control group. All subjects underwent conventional MRI and ZOOM-DWI of the cervical spine and neurologic mJOA scores in patients with CSM. The spinal ADC values of segments C2-3, C4-5, C5-6, and C6-7 are measured and analyzed in all subjects, with C5-6 being the most severe level of spinal canal compression in the patient group. In addition, the study also analyzes and compares the relationship between the C5-6 ADC value and mJOA score in the patient group.

Results
The mean ADC shows no significantly different levels in the control group. Among the ADC values at each measurement level in the patient group, except for C4-5 and C6-7 segments are not statistically significant, the remaining pair-wise comparisons all show statistically significant differences (F = 24.368, p < 0.001). And these individuals have the highest ADC value at C5-6. The C5-6 ADC value in the patient group is significantly higher compared with the ADC value in the control group (t = 9.414, p < 0.001), with statistical significance. The ADC value at the patient stenosis shows a significant negative correlation with the mJOA score (r = −0.493, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Cervical ZOOM-DWI can be applied to diagnose CSM, and spinal ADC value can use as reliable imaging data for diagnosing cervical myelopathy.
Interdental papilla reconstruction: a systematic review
Authors: Patel Monal , Guni Alaa , Nibali Luigi , Garcia-Sanchez Ruben 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To assess treatment options for the reconstruction of the lost interdental papilla and to evaluate evidence for their efficacy.

Methods
An electronic search (Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library Database and OpenGray) and a hand search were carried out to identify all types of studies investigating interdental papilla reconstruction (except for reviews) with a minimum of 3 months follow-up.

Results
Forty-five studies were included in the study including 7 RCTs, 2 cohort studies, 19 case series and 17 case reports. Fifteen studies reported on the use of hyaluronic acid, 6 studies on platelet-rich fibrin, 16 studies on soft tissue grafting, 4 studies on orthodontics and 4 on additional modalities. The most common outcome measures were black triangle dimensions and papillary fill percentage. Meta-analysis was not possible due to the high heterogeneity of the studies.

Conclusion
There are various options for interdental papilla reconstruction of which hyaluronic acid injections, PRF, surgical grafting and orthodontics seem to improve outcomes at a minimum 3 months. The use of soft tissue grafting with sub-epithelial connective tissue graft seems to be associated with the most robust evidence for the longer-term reduction of ‘black triangles’. There is insufficient evidence to make recommendations to clinicians. Further research is needed in the form of well conducted RCTs with longer follow ups and patient reported outcome measures.

Clinical relevance
Patients frequently complain about the appearance of black triangles and their management options seem unclear. This systematic review provides insight into the available reconstructive options.
The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Huang Tiantuo , Peng Qi , Zhang Yiyue , Zhu Zaifu , Fan Xiaochen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCoronary artery lesions (CALs) are the most common complications of Kawasaki disease (KD) and play a crucial role in determining the prognosis of the disease. Consequently, the early identification of children with KD who are at risk of developing coronary artery damage is vitally important. We sought to investigate the relationship between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and CALs in patients with KD and to assess its predictive value. We carried out a retrospective review and analysis of medical records for KD patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2017 and January 2023. We utilized single-variable tests, binary logistic regression analysis, ROC curve analysis, restricted cubic spline tests, and curve fitting to evaluate the association between SII and CALs. In our study, 364 patients were included, with 63 (17.3%) presenting with CALs at the time of admission. The binary logistic regression analysis indicated that SII was a significant risk factor for CALs at admission, evident in both unadjusted and models adjusted for confounders. The ROC curve analysis revealed an AUC (Area Under the Curve) value of 0.789 (95%CI 0.723–0.855, P < 0.001) for SII's predictive ability regarding CALs at admission. A consistent positive linear relationship between SII and the risk of CALs at admission was observed in both the raw and adjusted models. Our research findings suggest that SII serves as a risk factor for CALs and can be used as an auxiliary laboratory biomarker for predicting CALs.
Seeing number relations when solving a three-digit subtraction task
Authors: Kullberg Angelika , Björklund Camilla , Runesson Kempe Ulla 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe decomposition of numbers when solving subtraction tasks is regarded as more powerful than counting-based strategies. Still, many students fail to solve subtraction tasks despite using decomposition. To shed light upon this issue, we take a variation theoretical perspective (Marton, 2015) seeing learning as a function of discerning critical aspects and their relations of the object of learning. In this paper, we focus on what number relations students see in a three-digit subtraction task, and how they see them. We analyzed interview data from 55 second-grade students who used decomposition strategies to solve 204 − 193 = . The variation theory of learning was used to analyze what number relations the students experienced and how they experienced them, aiming to explain why they made errors even though they used presumably powerful strategies in their problem-solving. The findings show that students who simultaneously experienced within-number relations and between-number relations when solving the task succeeded in solving it, whereas those who did not do this failed. These findings have importance for understanding what students need to discern in order to be able to solve subtraction tasks in a proficient way.
Socialization via Online Gaming: Perspectives of Five Autistic Adolescents and Their Parents
Authors: Hughes Caitlin N. , Nguyen Lan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigated whether autistic adolescents are socially motivated to play Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) and sought to explore whether parents’ perceptions of MMORPGs and the closeness of the parent-child relationships’ impact upon gaming habits. In a qualitative-based study, we explored the perspectives of five pairs of autistic adolescents and one of their parents. The themes identified through adolescent interviews indicated that autistic adolescents who play MMORPGs perceive that in-game socializing enhances their gaming experience which motivates them to socialize with other players and facilitates development of friendships. The themes derived from interviewing parents indicated that parents perceive social benefits to playing MMORPGs for their child, but there are factors that impact their support of socializing via gaming such as their own game use, attitudes towards socializing via games, and the amount of time their child spends gaming. This study’s findings suggest that playing MMORPGs can potentially enhance quality-of-life for autistic adolescents through increased socialization and friendships and highlights the importance of the parent-child relationship and how this supports autistic adolescents to develop socially. However, as there were no parent-child pairs reporting low closeness, the transferability of these findings may be limited to parent-child pairs with close relationships. This research indicates that parents who play games alongside their autistic child are more likely to be more understanding of, and acknowledge, the social benefits of gaming in helping their child develop socially. These findings have implications for the development of cost-efficient, accessible interventions to facilitate socialization.
Recrystallization of bulk nanostructured magnesium alloy AZ31 after severe plastic deformation: an in situ diffraction study
Authors: Liss Klaus-Dieter , Han Jae-Kyung , Blankenburg Malte , Lienert Ulrich , Harjo Stefanus , Kawasaki Takuro , Xu Pingguang , Yukutake Eitaro , Kawasaki Megumi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe magnesium alloy AZ31, which has undergone high-pressure torsion processing, was subjected to in situ annealing microbeam synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction and compared to the as-received rolled sheet material that was investigated through in situ neutron diffraction. While the latter only exhibits thermal expansion and minor recovery, the nanostructured specimen displays a complex evolution, including recovery, strong recrystallization, phase transformations, and various regimes of grain growth. Nanometer-scale grain sizes, determined using Williamson–Hall analysis, exhibit seamless growth, aligning with the transition to larger grains, as assessed through the occupancy of single-grain reflections on the diffraction rings. The study uncovers strain anomalies resulting from thermal expansion, segregation of Al atoms, and the kinetics of vacancy creation and annihilation. Notably, a substantial number of excess vacancies were generated through high-pressure torsion and maintained for driving the recrystallization and forming highly activated volumes for diffusion and phase precipitation during heating. The unsystematic scatter observed in the Williamson–Hall plot indicates high dislocation densities following severe plastic deformation, which significantly decrease during recrystallization. Subsequently, dislocations reappear during grain growth, likely in response to torque gradients in larger grains. It is worth noting that the characteristics of unsystematic scatter differ for dislocations created at high and low temperatures, underscoring the strong temperature dependence of slip system activation.
Graphical Abstract
The Inborn Errors of Immunity—Virtual Consultation System Platform in Service for the Italian Primary Immunodeficiency Network: Results from the Validation Phase
Authors: Coppola Emma , Sgrulletti Mayla , Cortesi Manuela , Romano Roberta , Cirillo Emilia , Giardino Giuliana , Dotta Laura , Cancrini Caterina , Bruzzese Dario , Badolato Raffaele , Moschese Viviana , Pignata Claudio ,   in collaboration with IEI-VCS Task Force, Alessandro Aiuti , Amodio Donato , Azzari Chiara , Canessa Clementina , Caorsi Roberta , Castagnoli Riccardo , Cicalese Maria Pia , Conti Francesca , Consolini Rita , Dellepiane Rosa Maria , Finocchi Andrea , Gallo Vera , Gattorno Marco , Graziani Simona , Lippi Francesca , Lougaris Vassilios , Martire Baldassarre , Matucci Andrea , Marzollo Antonio , Milito Cinzia , Montin Davide , Ottaviano Giorgio , Palma Paolo , Patuzzo Giuseppe , Pession Andrea , Pietrogrande Maria Cristina , Plebani Alessandro , Quinti Isabella , Ricci Silvia , Saettini Francesco , Soresina Annarosa , Spadaro Giuseppe , Tommasini Alberto , Trizzino Nino , Volpi Stefano , Vultaggio Alessandra , Zunica Fiammetta 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) represent a heterogeneous group of rare genetically determined diseases. In some cases, patients present with complex or atypical phenotypes, not fulfilling the accepted diagnostic criteria for IEI and, thus, at high risk of misdiagnosis or diagnostic delay. This study aimed to validate a platform that, through the opinion of immunologist experts, improves the diagnostic process and the level of care of patients with atypical/complex IEI.

Methods
Here, we describe the functioning of the IEI-Virtual Consultation System (VCS), an innovative platform created by the Italian Immunodeficiency Network (IPINet).

Results
In the validation phase, from January 2020 to June 2021, 68 cases were entered on the IEI-VCS platform. A final diagnosis was achieved in 35/68 cases (51%, 95% CI 38.7 to 64.2). In 22 out of 35 solved cases, the diagnosis was confirmed by genetic analysis. In 3/35 cases, a diagnosis of secondary immunodeficiency was made. In the remaining 10 cases, an unequivocal clinical and immunological diagnosis was obtained, even though not substantiated by genetic analysis.

Conclusion
From our preliminary study, the VCS represents an innovative and useful system to improve the diagnostic process of patients with complex unsolved IEI disorders, with benefits both in terms of reduction of time of diagnosis and access to the required therapies. These results may help the functioning of other international platforms for the management of complex cases.
Fine mapping of the panicle length QTL qPL5 in rice
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Ma Ling , Li Daoyang , Zhang Bo , Zhou Tianhao , Zhou Xiangchun , Xing Yongzhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPanicle length is a crucial trait tightly associated with spikelets per panicle and grain yield in rice. To dissect the genetic basis of panicle length, a population of 161 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross between an aus variety Chuan 7 (C7) and a tropical Geng variety Haoboka (HBK). C7 has a panicle length of 30 cm, 7 cm longer than that of HBK, and the panicle length was normally distributed in the RIL population. A total of six quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for panicle length were identified, and single QTLs explained the phenotypic variance from 4.9 to 18.1%. Among them, three QTLs were mapped to the regions harbored sd1, DLT, and Ehd1, respectively. To validate the genetic effect of a minor QTL qPL5, a near-isogenic F2 (NIF2) population segregated at qPL5 was developed. Interestingly, panicle length displayed bimodal distribution, and heading date also exhibited significant variation in the NIF2 population. qPL5 accounted for 66.5% of the panicle length variance. The C7 allele at qPL5 increased panicle length by 2.4 cm and promoted heading date by 5 days. Finally, qPL5 was narrowed down to an 80-kb region flanked by markers M2197 and M2205 using a large NIF2 population of 7600 plants. LOC_Os05g37540, encoding a phytochrome signal protein whose homolog in Arabidopsis enlarges panicle length, is regarded as the candidate gene because a single-nucleotide mutation (C1099T) caused a premature stop codon in HBK. The characterization of qPL5 with enlarging panicle length but promoting heading date makes its great value in breeding early mature varieties without yield penalty in rice.
Molecular identification of Borrelia and SFG Rickettsia spp. in hard ticks parasitizing domestic and wild animals in southeastern Spain
Authors: Ortega N. , Arcenillas-Hernández I. , Villa MI , González MD , Caro MR 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLyme disease and the spotted fever group rickettsiosis, involve bacteria belonging to the genus Borrelia and Rickettsia, respectively. These infections are the most important tick-borne zoonotic diseases involving ticks as vectors. Descriptive and epidemiological studies are essential to determine the animal hosts involved in the maintenance of these diseases. In the present study, 94 tick pool samples from 15 different host species located in the Region of Murcia (southeastern, Spain) were analysed. Ticks were morphologically identified as: Dermacentor marginatus, Hyalomma lusitanicum, Ixodes Ricinus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Our results showed that 5.3% of the tick pool samples carried Borrelia spp. DNA, and 20.2% carried SFG Rickettsia DNA. In every hard tick pool Spot Fever Group (SFG) Rickettsia spp. DNA were detected, except for H. lusitanicum. Likewise, D. marginatum was the only species in which Borrelia spp. DNA was not detected. Barbary sheep and wild boar were the host species in which tick pools showed DNA presence of both pathogens. This study increases the knowledge about the presence of Borrelia spp. DNA and SFG Rickettsia spp. DNA in different hard tick species from this geographical area.
Interventions to improve oral endocrine therapy adherence in breast cancer patients
Authors: Ganna Sourab , Rahimi Sama , Lu Anh , Laborde Krista , Trivedi Meghana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Oral endocrine therapy (OET) is recommended in prevention and treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (HR+ BC). Despite the reduced incidence, recurrence, and mortality, OET adherence is poor in this patient population. The aim of this study was to review the latest literature to identify effective interventions to improve medication adherence in patients taking OET for prevention or treatment of HR+ BC.

Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework was used to perform this review. We utilized PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science to acquire articles using search terms including breast cancer, adherence, persistence, and acceptability. Inclusion criteria included publication in peer-reviewed journal, primary data source, longitudinal, patients on OET such as aromatase inhibitors (AIs) or selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), measuring adherence, persistence, or acceptability.

Results
Out of 895 articles identified, 10 articles were included. Majority of patients had early-stage HR+ BC. Two out of two studies incorporating technological intervention, two out of three studies with text communication-based intervention, and three out of five studies with verbal communication-based intervention reported significant improvement in OET adherence and/or persistence.

Conclusions
While the interventions tested so far have shown to improve OET adherence in HR+ BC patients in some studies, there is a need to design combination interventions addressing multiple barriers in this population.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
This study showcases effectiveness of novel interventions to improve OET adherence and the need to further develop patient-centered strategies to benefit all patients with HR+ BC.
Evolutions in Combined Heart-Kidney Transplant
Authors: Jain Rashmi , Kittleson Michelle M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review describes management practices, outcomes, and allocation policies in candidates for simultaneous heart-kidney transplantation (SHKT).

Recent Findings
In patients with heart failure and concomitant kidney disease, SHKT confers a survival advantage over heart transplantation (HT) alone in patients with dialysis dependence or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 40 mL/min/1.73 m2. However, when compared to kidney transplantation (KT) alone, SHKT is associated with worse patient and kidney allograft survival. In September 2023, the United Network of Organ Sharing adopted a new organ allocation policy, with strict eligibility criteria for SHKT and a safety net for patients requiring KT after HT alone.

Summary
While the impact of the policy change on SHKT outcomes remains to be seen, strategies to prevent and slow development of kidney disease in patients with heart failure and to prevent kidney dysfunction after HT and SHKT are necessary.