bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation of Qingwen Baidu
Decoction Therapeutic Potential in COVID-19-related Lung Injury
Authors: Yang Ju , Zhang Zhao , Liu Honghong , Wang Jiawei , Xie Shuying , Li Pengyan , Wen Jianxia , Wei Shizhang , Li Ruisheng , Ma Xiao , Zhao Yanling 
Published: November 2023

Background and Purpose:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a lifethreatening
disease worldwide due to its high infection and serious outcomes resulting from
acute lung injury. Qingwen Baidu decoction (QBD), a well-known herbal prescription, has
shown significant efficacy in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019. Hence, this study aims to
uncover the molecular mechanism of QBD in treating COVID-19-related lung injury.

Methods:
Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database (TCMSP), DrugBanks
database, and Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure Project (CNKI) were used to retrieve the active
ingredients of QBD. Drug and disease targets were collected using UniProt and Online Mendelian
Inheritance in Man databases (OMIM). The core targets of QBD for pneumonia were analyzed
by the Protein-Protein Interaction Network (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia
of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. The
analysis of key targets using molecular docking and animal experiments was also validated.

Results:
A compound-direct-acting target network mainly containing 171 compounds and 110
corresponding direct targets was constructed. The key targets included STAT3, c-JUN, TNF-α,
MAPK3, MAPK1, FOS, PPARG, MAPK8, IFNG, NFκB1, etc. Moreover, 117 signaling pathways
mainly involved in cytokine storm, inflammatory response, immune stress, oxidative stress
and glucose metabolism were found by KEGG. The molecular docking results showed that the
quercetin, alanine, and kaempferol in QBD demonstrated the strongest affinity to STAT3, c-
JUN, and TNF-α. Experimental results displayed that QBD could effectively reduce the pathological
damage to lung tissue by LPS and significantly alleviate the expression levels of the three
key targets, thus playing a potential therapeutic role in COVID-19.

Conclusion:
QBD might be a promising therapeutic agent for COVID-19 via ameliorating
STAT3-related signals.
Antiviral Activity of Natural Herbs and their Isolated Bioactive
Compounds: A Review
Authors: Singh Sonia , Murti Yogesh , Semwal Bhupesh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Viruses are the cause of many human pathogenesis-related conditions. A serious hazard
to public health has been created because of the increase in worldwide travel, fast urbanization,
and infectious epidemics. At the same time, no preventative vaccines or antiviral treatments
are currently available. Resources for developing new antiviral medications can be found in enhanced
natural products and herbal medicines. These natural substances have aided the research
on developing preventive vaccines and antiviral treatments. Based primarily on in vitro and in
vivo searches, this review aims to explore the antiviral properties of plant extracts and some isolated
plant natural products. Only a few antiviral medications have been given clinical approval,
while numerous viruses continue to elude adequate immunization. Therefore, developing novel
antiviral medicines is crucial, and natural substances make excellent sources for these new
drugs. This review highlights various natural herbal drugs possessing antiviral properties.
Empowering the Battle: Bioenhancers as Allies Against Cancer Drug
Resistance
Authors: Jadhav Pratiksha Vasant , Prasath Naga Jothi , Gajbhiye Saurabh Ghannil , Rane Utkarsha Arun , Agnihotri Tejas Girish , Gomte Shyam Sudhakar , Jain Aakanchha 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Drug resistance has been a great hindrance in the path of counteracting
diseases like cancer and is driven by drugs misuse and overuse. In terms of cancer, resistance
has been developed due to cellular changes, altered growth activation pathways, increased expression
of efflux proteins, and changes in the local physiology of cancer (blood supply, tissue
hydrodynamics, increased mutation rate/epigenetics, tumor cell heterogeneity). One of the approaches
to address these challenges is the use of bioenhancers, which can overcome drug resistance,
thereby improving bioavailability (BA).

Conclusion::
Bioenhancers when combined with drugs can elicit pharmacological activity. They
are generally combined with therapeutic agents at low doses, which increase the BA or therapeutic
activity of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). This review sheds light on the synthesis
and classification of bio-enhancers. It also discusses different applications of bio-enhancers like
piperine, ginger, quercetin, curcumin, etc. in the treatment of cancer. The review also presents
some of the recent advancements in terms of nanocarriers for delivering API combined with
bioenhancers.
Lanthanum Hydroxide and Chronic Kidney Disease Mineral and Bone
Disorder: A Rat Model
Authors: Gu Chao , Zhang Ting , Gao Yuan , Li Xiaojia , Yuan Xiaorong , Wang Qiwen , Liu Hong , Han Ruilan , LI Gang 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
To investigate the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of lanthanum
hydroxide(LH) on ectopic mineralization of soft tissue and abnormal bone in rats with acute
kidney injury(AKI).

Methods:
Wistar rats were modeled by 5/6 nephrectomy. After the operation, the rats were divided
into different groups, the biochemical indexes of serum collected at different times. LH was administered
by intragastric tube at doses of 0.4, 0.2, and 0.1g/kg, respectively. Rats were sacrificed in the
16th week after LH treatment. Observation of pathological changes in tissues were made by specific
staining. Western Blot, Real-Time Quantitative PCR, and immunohistochemistry techniques were
used to detect the impact on pathway-related proteins.

Results:
Compared with the control group (no LH administered), the serum phosphate level of the
LH group was significantly reduced (p<0.01), calcification of the thoracic aorta was reduced
(p<0.05, p<0.01) (Serum biochemical tests before dosing and during drug treatment cycles), renal
fibrosis was improved (p<0.01), nuclear entry of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) was reduced
(p<0.01), and the expression of the smooth muscle protein 22α (SM22α) was significantly increased
(p<0.01). The expression of osteogenic marker genes was decreased. In addition, compared with the
controls, the receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin (RANKL/OPG) ratio of
the femur in the model group was increased (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
LH can inhibit the occurrence and development of vascular calcification and bone abnormalities
in AKI rats by inhibiting the NF-κB and RANKL/OPG signaling pathways.
Advances in the Management of Diabetes and Overweight using
Incretin-based Pharmacotherapies
Authors: Prajapati Shatrudhan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Throughout the previous three decades, the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1
hormone has attracted much attention to attain possible therapy goals for the treatment of both
hypoglycaemic along type II diabetes militates and overweight. The pharmaceutical generation
of peptides similar to hypoglycaemia-based medicines is exemplified by agonists of the GLP-
1R (Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors). Pharmacokinetic profiles are continuously being improved,
beginning with the native hormone with a two- to three-minute quarter and progressing
through growth every day with once-drug combinations. Due to contradictory data that indicate
stimulation or inhibition of the Glucagon-like peptide receptor, the Glucose-dependent insulin
tropic peptide receptor offers favorable effects on systemic metabolism. The recent Glp-1R
(Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor-) targeting monomolecular drugs has demonstrated therapeutic
effectiveness and has stoked interest in Glucose-dependent insulin tropic polypeptide antagonism
as a treatment for overweight and diabetes mellitus. These drugs have been shown to
dramatically improve carbohydrates with body weight management in sick people who have
obesity and type II diabetes mellitus. In this study, recent breakthroughs in compelling therapeutic
interventions are discussed, and the biology and pharmacology of the glucose-like peptide
are reviewed.
The Relationship between Taking Health Courses and Body Image
Dissatisfaction in Young Medical Students
Authors: Alfawaz Waad , Almaiman Deemah , Alghafis Shuruq , Almuharib Noura , Alnefaie Shahad 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Body image (BI) is a set of characteristics inclusive of a person's behaviours,
perceptions, feelings and ideas about the shape and size of their body, which has a significant
effect on mental, emotional, and physical health and the quality of life. This study sought to
ascertain the relationship between health students' body image dissatisfaction (BID) and nutrition
course enrollment.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on health major students at King Saud University
in Saudi Arabia, Riyadh. An interview of the body shape questionnaire-14 version in
Arabic was used, and data were analysed using SPSS statistical software. This study included
257 participants.

Results:
Males (50.9%, only 8.2%) had body image dissatisfaction, 55.6% had normal body
mass index (BMI), and around 45.9% spent more than 4 hours on social media, with WhatsApp
being used the most (83%). We found one factor significantly affecting our results: BMI, with a
P= <.001. We found low levels of body dissatisfaction among participants, no effect by social
media use duration, and found that BMI had a significant effect on BID.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study added to our understanding of the relationship between
taking nutrition courses daily (BID) and increasing public awareness of the importance of maintaining
a healthy weight in order to achieve body shape satisfaction, as doing so helps to prevent
future health issues brought on by incorrect beliefs about body shape.
Obesity-associated Airway Hyperresponsiveness: Mechanisms Underlying
Inflammatory Markers and Possible Pharmacological Interventions
Authors: Pathak Manash Pratim , Patowary Pompy , Chattopadhyay Pronobesh , Barbhuiyan Pervej Alom , Islam Johirul , Gogoi Jyotchna , Wankhar Wankupar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Obesity is rapidly becoming a global health problem affecting about 13% of the
world’s population affecting women and children the most. Recent studies have stated that
obese asthmatic subjects suffer from an increased risk of asthma, encounter severe symptoms,
respond poorly to anti-asthmatic drugs, and ultimately their quality-of-life decreases. Although,
the association between airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and obesity is a growing concern
among the public due to lifestyle and environmental etiologies, however, the precise mechanism
underlying this association is yet to establish. Apart from aiming at the conventional antiasthmatic
targets, treatment should be directed towards ameliorating obesity pathogenesis too.
Understanding the pathogenesis underlying the association between obesity and AHR is limited,
however, a plethora of obesity pathologies have been reported viz., increased pro-inflammatory
and decreased anti-inflammatory adipokines, depletion of ROS controller Nrf2/HO-1 axis,
NLRP3 associated macrophage polarization, hypertrophy of WAT, and down-regulation of
UCP1 in BAT following down-regulated AMPKα and melanocortin pathway that may be correlated
with AHR. Increased waist circumference (WC) or central obesity was thought to be related
to severe AHR, however, some recent reports suggest body mass index (BMI), not WC tends
to exaggerate airway closure in AHR due to some unknown mechanisms. This review aims to
co-relate the above-mentioned mechanisms that may explain the copious relation underlying
obesity and AHR with the help of published reports. A proper understanding of these mechanisms
discussed in this review will ensure an appropriate treatment plan for patients through
advanced pharmacological interventions.
Selected Parameters Affecting the Electricity Consumption of Automatic Milking Systems
Authors: Vaculík Petr , Kažimírová Viera , Smejtková Andrea , Jehlička Tomáš 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper presented is aimed at the determination of electricity consumption at selected dairy farms during milking employing automatic milking systems (AMS). The research was focused on the determination of electricity consumption during the performance of essential activities that are related to the AMS utilization, i.e., electricity consumption by a single AMS unit per day, by a single assembly compressor per day, by a single AMS unit and a single assembly compressor per day, per milking, and per 1 litre of milk. Measurements were conducted at eight dairy farms in Central Europe that house dairy cows of the black-spotted Holstein cattle breed. The cattle groups assessed comprised 95 to 105 animals subjected to milking over the entire observed period. On the basis of the measurements conducted, it was observed that the average amount of energy consumed per 1 litre of milked milk was 0.0232 kWh over the entire observed period. Regarding the essential activities, the results obtained indicate that the energy consumption throughout the year is relatively balanced, despite the fact that it is affected by a wide range of factors, including chiefly the herd management, as well as overall organization of entire farm, milk yield, health status of cattle, current climatic conditions, fodder quality, etc.
Biotechnical Aspects of Aquaculture Production of Common Meagre Argyrosomus regius in Floating Cages in Dakhla Bay, Morocco
Authors: Izzabaha Omar , Gjije Abderrahim , Bounacir Ayoub , Chattou Mustapha Ait , Idhalla Mohamed , Chairi Hicham 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study is the first contribution to monitoring the rearing of common meagre Argyrosomus regius in floating cages anchored in Dakhla Bay, southern Morocco. The aquaculture potential of common meagre in Dakhla Bay was evaluated by zootechnical monitoring of two production cycles. The first batch consisted of 20,000 fingerlings of 4.5 ± 0.13 g in mean initial weight and 6±0.19 cm in fork length, and was caught on 26 August 2019 under a condition factor of about 2.08 ± 0.35. The second batch consisted of 30,000 individuals of 3 ± 0.11 g in average initial weight and 6±0.26 cm in average initial length, and was caught on 4 June 2020 under a condition factor of about 1.39 ± 0.21. During the first experiment, which lasted 16 months, a high growth potential of common meagre was observed. The fish reached an average weight of 1265 ± 69.2 g and an average length of 48±4.32 cm with a specific growth rate (SGR) of 0.58 ± 0.11% day-1 and a daily growth index DGI of 2.45 ± 0.91 g ind-1 day-1. The feed conversion ratio was 1.18 (FER = 0.84), final density was 36.94 kg m-3 and condition factor (k) recorded a mean value of 2.18±0.39 throughout the cycle. The survival rate at the first harvest was 89.86%. After 18 months of rearing, the fish of the second cycle reached a weight of 1285±69.2 g and a size of 47 ± 5.36 cm, with an SGR of 0.49 ± 0.12 % day-1 and a DGI of 2.34 ± 1.35 g ind-1 day-1, an FCR of 1.21 (FER =0.83), the final density of 28.43 kg m-3 and a condition factor of 1.35 ± 0.32. The survival rate was 92.19%. However, the results of the statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the two production cycles (P > 0.05). These results confirm that common meagre is a very promising species for the diversification of aquaculture in Dakhla Bay and throughout Morocco.
Effectiveness of Minitracheostomy After Extubation in Patients with Pneumonia at High Risk of Reintubation: A Case Series
Authors: Ouchi Akira , Takahashi Yuji , Nakano Hidehiko , Mochizuki Masaki , Okamoto Saiko , Sakuramoto Hideaki , Nakamura Kensuke 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Minitracheostomy involves the percutaneous insertion of a 4-mm-diameter cricothyroidotomy tube for tracheal suctioning to facilitate the clearance of airway secretions. The advantage of using the minitracheostomy is in the clearance of secretions, however data on their usefulness for respiratory failure after extubation is limited. Aim of the study: We aimed to assess the use of minitracheostomy for patients with challenging extubation caused by significant sputum.

Material and Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive case series. We analyzed the data of 31 patients with pneumonia. After minitracheostomy, the primary endpoints of reintubation within 72 hours and clinical effects, including mortality, length of intensive care unit (ICU), or hospital stay, were assessed. The successful extubation group included patients who did not require reintubation within 72 hours. Conversely, the reintubation group consisted of patients mandating reestablishment of intubation within 72 hours.

Results
Among those who underwent minitracheostomy after extubation, 22 (71%) underwent successful extubation and 9 underwent reintubation (reintubation rate: 29%). The in-hospital mortality rates after 30 days were 18.2% in the successful extubation group and 22.2% in the reintubation group. The ICU and hospital lengths of stay were 11 days (interquartile range: 8–14.3 days) and 23 days (interquartile range: 15.5–41 days), respectively, in the successful extubation group; they were 14 days (interquartile range: 11–18.5 days) and 30 days (interquartile range: 16–45.5 days), respectively, in the reintubation group.

Conclusions
The prophylactic use of minitracheostomy may be an option as a means of reducing reintubation in patients with pneumonia who are at very high risk of reintubation.
Is Carboxyhaemoglobin an Effective Bedside Prognostic Tool for Sepsis and Septic Shock Patients?
Authors: Grigorescu Bianca-Liana , Coman Oana , Văsieșiu Anca Meda , Bacârea Anca , Petrișor Marius , Săplăcan Irina , Fodor Raluca Ștefania 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Proper management of sepsis poses a challenge even today, with early diagnosis and targeted treatment being the most important steps. Easy, cost-effective bedside tools are needed in order to pinpoint towards the outcome of sepsis or septic shock.

Aim of study
This study aims to find a correlation between Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) severity scores, the Neutrophil-Lymphocytes Ratio (NLR) and carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) levels in septic or septic shock patients with the scope of establishing a bed side cost-effective prognostic tool.

Materials and methods
A pilot, prospective, observational, and ongoing study was conducted on 61 patients admitted with sepsis or septic shock according to the SEPSIS 3 Consensus definition. We followed clinical and paraclinical parameters on day 1 (D1) and day 5 (D5) after meeting the inclusion criteria.

Results
On D1 we found a statistically significant positive correlation between each severity score (p <0.0001), r = 0.7287 for SOFA vs. APACHE II with CI: 0.5841–0.8285, r = 0.6862 for SOFA vs. SAPS II with CI: 0.5251–0.7998 and r = 0.8534 for APACHE II vs. SAPS II with CI: 0.7663 to 0.9097. On D5 we observed similar results: a significant positive correlation between each severity score (p <0.0001), with r = 0.7877 for SOFA vs. APACHE II with CI: 0.6283 to 0.8836, r = 0.8210 for SOFA vs. SAPS II with CI: 0.6822 to 0.9027 and r = 0.8880 for APACHE II vs. SAPS II., CI: 0.7952 to 0.9401. Nil correlation was found between the severity scores, NLR and COHb on D1 and D5.

Conclusion
Cost-effective bedside tools to pinpoint towards the outcome of sepsis are yet to be found, however the positive correlation between the severity scores point out to a combination of such tools for prognosis prediction of septic or septic shock patients.
Effects of the application of biochar on the soil erosion of plots of sloping agricultural and with silt loam soil
Authors: Rončák Peter , Németová Zuzana , Vitková Justína , Danáčová Michaela , Toková Lucia , Aydin Elena , Valent Peter , Honek David , Igaz Dušan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The application of biochar is considered to be a beneficial strategy for improving soil ecosystem services. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the differences in the soil erosion of silt loam soil with or without the application of biochar and to compare the impact of the application of biochar on soil erosion for different agricultural practices, namely, bare soil, silage corn, and sown peas. Specifically, the physically-based EROSION 3D model was used to estimate the soil erosion of small plots of sloping agricultural land. In considering various combinations of agricultural practices and rainfalls with different durations and intensities, several scenarios were used to assess the impact of the application of biochar on soil erosion.
The results of this study demonstrate that the highest mean values of mean soil erosion in the case study area were simulated without using any biochar on bare soil. The values of the mean soil erosion were reduced with the use of biochar. The effect of the application of biochar was shown for all types of agricultural practices; above all, it reduced soil erosion that occurred above high values (over 30 t ha–1). Although the application and reapplication of biochar showed promise in reducing soil erosion, further research is needed to gain a deeper understanding of its total effects.
Inverse task of pollution spreading – Localization of source in extensive open channel network structure
Authors: Velísková Yvetta , Sokáč Marek , Moghaddam Maryam Barati 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper is focused on the problem of the pollutant source localisation in streams in other words the solution of the inverse problem of pollution spreading with in an extensive open channel network structure, i.e. in a complex system of rivers, channels and creeks in natural catchments or sewer systems in urban catchments. The design of the overall localisation procedure is based on the requirement that the entire localization system be operative and fast enough to enable quick operative interventions and help prevent the spread of pollution. The proposed model, as well as, the overall localisation procedure was calibrated and tested on a real sewer system, which represents in this case an extensive open channel network structure with free surface flow. The test results are successful and confirmed applicability of proposed localization tool in simple real conditions. However, the localisation procedure has pros and cons, which are discussed in the paper.
Changes in crack width on the surface of heavy soils during drought, determined by precise measurement and calculation
Authors: Gomboš Milan , Tall Andrej , Kandra Branislav , Constantin Anca , Pavelkova Dana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In heavy soils, changes in humidity incur soil volume changes. In the horizontal plane, these are manifested by cracks formation and in the vertical plane by the movement of the soil surface. Cracks have a significant impact on hydrodynamics of the soil profile. The work is based on the hypothesis that soil volume changes depend on both the content of clay particles in soil and soil volumetric moisture. The aim of the work is to measure and analyze the changes in the width of the cracks and their reaction to the changes in volumetric soil moisture. One of the objectives of the work was to design a simple tool for accurate measurement and calculation of the crack width on the soil surface. For the study of crack width, a soil profile in an area on the East Slovakia Lowland was selected. The profile was examined under conditions of extreme drought, at the turn of July and August 2022. Crack width varied between 1.0 cm and 3.3 cm. The calculation procedure was evaluated as satisfactory for estimating the change in crack width on the soil surface.