bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Landowner Education Needs for Invasive Disease Prevention and Restoration Planting in Southern Oregon
Authors: Kline Norma , Cushing Tamara , Grand Lauren 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Understanding the knowledge and behavior of nonindustrial private forest landowners towards Port-Orford cedar (POC) root disease (Phytophthora lateralis), sudden oak death (Phytophthora ramorum), and disease-resistant seedlings can help target effective education and outreach programs. We surveyed two counties in Southern Oregon to gain knowledge about these pathogens, disease-resistant seedlings, landowner behavior, and landowner preferences regarding planting disease-resistant seedlings. Amenity-based management objectives were more associated with planting disease-resistant POC. Respondents were more likely to plant disease-resistant conifers than hardwoods. Disease-resistant planting preferences were associated with years owned and acres of ownership. Designing targeted education and outreach programs will be necessary to achieve broad scale adoption of disease management and restoration practices.
Study implications: We present results from a survey of nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) landowners in two counties in Southern Oregon to determine general landowner characteristics and knowledge of two nonnative diseases, Port-Orford cedar root disease, caused by Phytophthora lateralis, and sudden oak death, caused by Phytophthora ramorum. NIPF landowners play meaningful roles in invasive disease management: recognizing and reporting symptoms of nonnative plant diseases with the objective of early detection and control, implementing management actions to help mitigate disease spread, and planting disease-resistant seedlings during restoration efforts. Understanding landowner knowledge about diseases is important for engaging them in insect and disease mitigation.
Nexus dynamics: the impact of environmental vulnerabilities and climate change on refugee camps
Authors: Bose Pablo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClimate change and forced migration are often thought about in terms of the sheer numbers of people who might be displaced by a transforming environment. But the potential for ‘environmental refugees’—whether from long-term degradation or short-term catastrophe—extends far beyond those directly affected. Understanding the forces that produce, respond to and amplify such forced migration patterns requires a complex and nuanced view of them. In this article, I explore the question of environmental displacement through the lens of nexus dynamics and look at how environmental refugees complicate our understandings of place, belonging, stability and resilience. I do so through a focus on the largest global refugee camps in the world and the particular environmental vulnerabilities that each faces. Using Cox’s Bazar in Bangladesh (Rohingya refugees), Dadaab in Kenya (Somali refugees) and Za’atari in Jordan (Syrian refugees), I examine the ways that political, economic and ecological factors have driven the inhabitants to the camps, keep them vulnerable within them, and raise questions about both their and the camps’ respective futures. By cataloguing some of the environmental risks within the region of each camp and examining each camp’s response in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, I consider the broader logic, viability and purpose of each of these camps, as representative of parallel spaces globally. What does resilience and vulnerability mean in a refugee camp? How does a nexus dynamics approach to climate change and migration help us to understand a complex system such as this?
Aberrant Brain Dynamics in Individuals With Clinical High Risk of Psychosis
Authors: Kindler Jochen , Ishida Takuya , Michel Chantal , Klaassen Arndt-Lukas , Stüble Miriam , Zimmermann Nadja , Wiest Roland , Kaess Michael , Morishima Yosuke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Resting-state network (RSN) functional connectivity analyses have profoundly influenced our understanding of the pathophysiology of psychoses and their clinical high risk (CHR) states. However, conventional RSN analyses address the static nature of large-scale brain networks. In contrast, novel methodological approaches aim to assess the momentum state and temporal dynamics of brain network interactions.

Methods
Fifty CHR individuals and 33 healthy controls (HC) completed a resting-state functional MRI scan. We performed an Energy Landscape analysis, a data-driven method using the pairwise maximum entropy model (MEM), to describe large-scale brain network dynamics such as duration and frequency of, and transition between, different brain states. We compared those measures between CHR and HC, and examined the association between neuropsychological measures and neural dynamics in CHR.

Results
Our main finding is a significantly increased duration, frequency, and higher transition rates to an infrequent brain state with coactivation of the salience, limbic, default mode, and somatomotor RSNs in CHR as compared to HC. Transition of brain dynamics from this brain state was significantly correlated with processing speed in CHR.

Conclusion
In CHR, temporal brain dynamics are attracted to an infrequent brain state, reflecting more frequent and longer occurrence of aberrant interactions of default mode, salience, and limbic networks. Concurrently, more frequent and longer occurrence of the brain state is associated with core cognitive dysfunctions, predictors of future onset of full-blown psychosis.
Evidence that Ophiostomatoid Fungal Symbionts of Mountain Pine Beetle Do Not Play a Role in Overcoming Lodgepole Pine Defenses During Mass Attack
Authors: Fortier Colleen E. , Musso Antonia E. , Evenden Maya L. , Zaharia L. Irina , Cooke Janice E. K. 
Published: January 2024

Mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) is a devastating forest insect pest that has killed millions of hectares of pines in western North America over the past two decades. Like other bark beetles, MPB vectors ophiostomatoid fungal species, some of which are pathogenic to host pine species. The phytopathogenicity of these fungal symbionts has sparked considerable debate regarding their role in facilitating MPB attack success. We tested the hypothesis that MPB ophiostomatoid fungal associates like Grosmannia clavigera (Robinson-Jeffrey and Davidson) Zipfel, de Beer and Wingfield contribute to overwhelming host defenses during MPB mass attack. We compared responses of mature lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) trees growing in natural stands that were mass attacked by MPB with those inoculated with G. clavigera by examining host defense hormones, secondary metabolites, and gene expression profiles. The jasmonate and ethylene signatures of necrotrophic pathogen-triggered response were identified in G. clavigera-inoculated trees, but only the jasmonate signature of a herbivore-triggered response was measured in MPB-attacked trees. Several G. clavigera-induced changes in pine phenolic metabolite profiles and phenolic biosynthesis gene expression patterns were absent in MPB-attacked pines. These findings indicate that ophiostomatoid fungi like G. clavigera are not a major factor in overwhelming host defenses during MPB mass attack. Instead, fungal pathogenicity likely is more important in aiding MPB colonization and development within the host tree. Phenolics appear to play a larger role in the host response to G. clavigera than to MPB, although phenolics may also influence MPB feeding and behavior. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
Reducing Procedural Pain and Avoiding Peripheral Intravenous Catheters by Implementing a Feeding Protocol for Late Preterm Infants
Authors: Hanford Jennifer , McQuay Christine , Vachharajani Akshaya , Obi Olugbemisola , Anders Anjali 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Late preterm births account for a large portion of preterm births, yet the optimal method of nutrition and enteral feeding in this population remains unclear and often involves intravenous (IV) fluids.

Purpose:
To develop and implement a late preterm feeding protocol in order to decrease the necessity of IV access, decrease the use of starter parenteral nutrition (PN), and reduce the pain endured by an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods:
The Plan-Do-Study-Act quality improvement model was utilized as a framework for the implementation of this quality improvement project. A literature review was conducted and subsequently, a feeding protocol was developed and included the more judicious use of starter PN. This protocol was implemented, evaluated, and adopted. A second Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle was completed with the addition of an auto-text reminder incorporated into admission notes in the electronic medical record.

Results:
The implementation of the protocol significantly reduced placement of IV access and the use of starter (PN) in late preterm infants without considerable differences in balancing measures. The percentage of infants who received peripheral IV access declined considerably from 70% to 42% (P = .0017) subsequently, less pain endured by the infants. There was a decrease in the initiation of starter PN from 55% to 7% (P < .00001).

Implications for Practice:
Administering enteral feedings on admission to stable, late preterm infants reduced the need for peripheral IV access and thus decreased pain from this procedure.
Skin-to-Skin Contact and Diaphragm Electrical Activity in Preterm Infants During Noninvasive Pressure Control
Authors: Kato Yuta , Hirata Katsuya , Takemoto Ayumi , Oumi Chiyo , Hisaichi Tomomi , Shimaji Yuki , Momochi Misa , Wada Kazuko 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is widely implemented in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) due to its established role in reducing mortality and morbidity. However, the impact of SSC on diaphragmatic electrical activity (Edi) in premature infants undergoing noninvasive pressure control (NIV-PC) for respiratory management remains insufficiently explored.

Purpose:
To assess the effects of SSC on Edi and vital signs in preterm infants managed with NIV-PC.

Methods:
A prospective, observational, crossover study was conducted, involving preterm infants admitted to a level III NICU between May 2020 and August 2021, who were receiving respiratory support with NIV-PC. Data were collected at 3 distinct time points: before SSC (pre-SSC period), during SSC (SSC period), and after SSC (post-SSC period). Thirty-minute periods of stable data were extracted for analysis.

Results:
A total of 21 SSC sessions were performed on 14 preterm infants, with a median age at the initiation of SSC of 62 days. The median (interquartile range) Edi peak (in microvolts) before, during, and after SSC was 7.1 (5.8-10.8), 6.8 (4.3-8.8), and 7.1 (5.5-8.8), respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed in Edi peak or minimum values during SSC, when compared with the periods before and after the SSC procedure. Likewise, no significant changes were noted in respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, heart rate, or the incidence of apnea.

Implications for Practice and Research:
SSC in preterm infants undergoing NIV-PC does not exacerbate their clinical condition. Further investigations involving diverse patient cohorts are warranted.
Wound Debridement in Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Authors: Taheri Arash , Mansoori Parisa , Sharif Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
Wound debridement improves healing in a variety of acute and chronic ulcers. However, there is concern that debridement may trigger pathergy and worsen pyoderma gangrenosum (PG).

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether published evidence supports conservative wound debridement for PG.

DATA SOURCES
The authors reviewed the literature published in MEDLINE through January 2023 using the search germs “pyoderma gangrenosum” and “debridement.”

STUDY SELECTION
Articles reporting sharp surgical debridement or maggot debridement for PG were included in the review. The authors also searched the reference sections of the reviewed articles for additional reports on debridement for PG.

DATA EXTRACTION
Clinical data regarding patient status, procedures performed, and patient outcomes were extracted from the selected articles.

DATA SYNTHESIS
There are multiple reports of uncontrolled, active-phase PG wounds worsening after aggressive excisional debridement of viable inflamed tissues. In contrast, there is no evidence indicating that conservative debridement of nonviable necrotic tissue worsens PG wounds, regardless of the disease activity. There are multiple reports of successful debridement and surgical grafting for PG in remission.

CONCLUSIONS
There is no evidence in favor of or against using conservative debridement of nonviable necrotic tissue for a PG wound. Therefore, it should not be considered contraindicated, even in the active phase of the disease.
Epidemiology of osteoarthritis: literature update 2022–2023
Authors: Minnig Mary Catherine C. , Golightly Yvonne M. , Nelson Amanda E. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of reviewThis review highlights recently published studies on osteoarthritis (OA) epidemiology, including topics related to understudied populations and joints, imaging, and advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) methods.Recent findingsContemporary research has improved our understanding of the burden of OA in typically understudied regions, including ethnic and racial minorities in high-income countries, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Latin America. Efforts have also been made to explore the burden and risk factors in OA in previously understudied joints, such as the hand, foot, and ankle. Advancements in OA imaging techniques have occurred alongside the developments of AI methods aiming to predict disease phenotypes, progression, and outcomes.SummaryContinuing efforts to expand our knowledge around OA in understudied populations will allow for the creation of targeted and specific interventions and inform policy changes aimed at reducing disease burden in these groups. The burden and disability associated with OA is notable in understudied joints, warranting further research efforts that may lead to effective therapeutic options. AI methods show promising results of predicting OA phenotypes and progression, which also may encourage the creation of targeted disease modifying OA drugs (DMOADs).
The Impact of Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering on Pulmonary Function
Authors: Hwang Steven W. , Plachta Stephen , Pahys Joshua M. , Quinonez Alejandro , Grewal Harsh , Samdani Amer F. 
Published: January 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective, single-center study.

Objective.
To examine pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in patients undergoing anterior vertebral body tethering (AVBT).

Summary of Background Data.
The effect of AVBT on pulmonary status remains unclear.

Materials and Methods.
The authors examined preoperative and postoperative PFTs following AVBT in a retrospective, single-center cohort of patients. Outcomes were compared using percent predicted values as continuous and categorical variables (using 10% change as significant) and divided into categorical values based on the American Thoracic Society standards.

Results.
Fifty-eight patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were included, with a mean age of 12.5±1.4 years and a follow-up of 4.2±1.1 years. The mean thoracic curve was 47°±9°, which improved to 21°±12°. At baseline, the mean forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) and forced vital capacity (FVC%) values were 79% and 82%, respectively. Four patients had normal FEV1% (≥100%), 67% had mild restrictive disease (70%–99%) and the rest had worse FEV1%. Mean FEV1 improved from 2.2 to 2.6 L (P<0.05) and FVC improved from 2.5 to 3.0 L (P<0.05); however, % predicted values remained unchanged (FEV1%: 79%–80%; FVC%: 82–80%, P>0.05) with mean postoperative PFTs at 37±12 months postoperative. The use of miniopen thoracotomy was not associated with worsening PFTs, but extension of the lowest instrumented vertebra below T12 was correlated with decreasing FEV1% in the bivariate analysis (P<0.05). Patients with worse preoperative FVC% (80±13% vs. 90±11%, P=0.03) and FEV1% (77±17% vs. 87±12%, P=0.06) also had a greater likelihood of declining postoperative FEV1%.

Conclusion.
Pulmonary function in most patients undergoing AVBT remained stable (76%) or improved (14%); however, a subset may worsen (10%). Further studies are needed to identify the risk factors for this group, but worse preoperative PFTs and extension below T12 may be risk factors for worsening pulmonary function.
Management of Heat-Related Illness and Injury in the ICU: A Concise Definitive Review
Authors: Barletta Jeffrey F. , Palmieri Tina L. , Toomey Shari A. , Harrod Christopher G. , Murthy Srinivas , Bailey Heatherlee 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES:
The increasing frequency of extreme heat events has led to a growing number of heat-related injuries and illnesses in ICUs. The objective of this review was to summarize and critically appraise evidence for the management of heat-related illnesses and injuries for critical care multiprofessionals.

DATA SOURCES:
Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Clinical Trials Register, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched from inception through August 2023 for studies reporting on heat-related injury and illness in the setting of the ICU.

STUDY SELECTION:
English-language systematic reviews, narrative reviews, meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials, and observational studies were prioritized for review. Bibliographies from retrieved articles were scanned for articles that may have been missed.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Data regarding study methodology, patient population, management strategy, and clinical outcomes were qualitatively assessed.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Several risk factors and prognostic indicators for patients diagnosed with heat-related illness and injury have been identified and reported in the literature. Effective management of these patients has included various cooling methods and fluid replenishment. Drug therapy is not effective. Multiple organ dysfunction, neurologic injury, and disseminated intravascular coagulation are common complications of heat stroke and must be managed accordingly. Burn injury from contact with hot surfaces or pavement can occur, requiring careful evaluation and possible excision and grafting in severe cases.

CONCLUSIONS:
The prevalence of heat-related illness and injury is increasing, and rapid initiation of appropriate therapies is necessary to optimize outcomes. Additional research is needed to identify effective methods and strategies to achieve rapid cooling, the role of immunomodulators and anticoagulant medications, the use of biomarkers to identify organ failure, and the role of artificial intelligence and precision medicine.
Position Paper on the Reporting of Norepinephrine Formulations in Critical Care from the Society of Critical Care Medicine and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Joint Task Force
Authors: Wieruszewski Patrick M. , Leone Marc , Kaas-Hansen Benjamin Skov , Dugar Siddharth , Legrand Matthieu , McKenzie Cathrine A. , Bissell Turpin Brittany D. , Messina Antonio , Nasa Prashant , Schorr Christa A. , De Waele Jan J. , Khanna Ashish K. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES:To provide guidance on the reporting of norepinephrine formulation labeling, reporting in publications, and use in clinical practice.DESIGN:Review and task force position statements with necessary guidance.SETTING:A series of group conference calls were conducted from August 2023 to October 2023, along with a review of the available evidence and scope of the problem.SUBJECTS:A task force of multinational and multidisciplinary critical care experts assembled by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine.INTERVENTIONS:The implications of a variation in norepinephrine labeled as conjugated salt (i.e., bitartrate or tartrate) or base drug in terms of effective concentration of norepinephrine were examined, and guidance was provided.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:There were significant implications for clinical care, dose calculations for enrollment in clinical trials, and results of datasets reporting maximal norepinephrine equivalents. These differences were especially important in the setting of collaborative efforts across countries with reported differences.CONCLUSIONS:A joint task force position statement was created outlining the scope of norepinephrine-dose formulation variations, and implications for research, patient safety, and clinical care. The task force advocated for a uniform norepinephrine-base formulation for global use, and offered advice aimed at appropriate stakeholders.
Chronic stress as an emerging risk factor for the development and progression of glioma
Authors: Yi Lan , Lin Xiang , She Xiaoling , Gao Wei , Wu Minghua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGliomas tend to have a poor prognosis and are the most common primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system. Compared with patients with other cancers, glioma patients often suffer from increased levels of psychological stress, such as anxiety and fear. Chronic stress (CS) is thought to impact glioma profoundly. However, because of the complex mechanisms underlying CS and variability in individual tolerance, the role of CS in glioma remains unclear. This review suggests a new proposal to redivide the stress system into two parts. Neuronal activity is dominant upstream. Stress-signaling molecules produced by the neuroendocrine system are dominant downstream. We discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms by which CS impacts glioma. Potential pharmacological treatments are also summarized from the therapeutic perspective of CS.
First Evidence of Cutaneous Remodelling Induced by Synchronized Radiofrequency Aided by High-Intensity Facial Muscle Stimulation: Porcine Animal Model
Authors: Kent David E. , Fritz Klaus , Salavastru Carmen , Jarosova Rea , Bernardy Jan 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
The quality of one's facial appearance diminishes with aging as skin and underlying soft tissues deteriorate. Connective tissue and musculofascial degeneration leads to skin laxity and wrinkles developing.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of synchronized radiofrequency with high intensity facial stimulation technology on dermal collagen and elastin fibers in a porcine model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eight sows were divided into Active (N = 6) and Control (N = 2) groups. Synchronized radiofrequency and high intensity facial stimulation were delivered to the ventrolateral abdomen. The Active group received four 20-minute treatments, once a week. Control group was untreated. Skin biopsy sample were histologically analyzed for connective tissue changes pre- and post-treatment. Data were analyzed statistically (α = 0.05).

RESULTS
In the Active group: the collagen-occupied area at baseline was 1.12 ± 0.09 × 106 μm2 and increased by +19.6% (p < .001) at 1-month and by +26.3% (p < .001) 2 months post-treatment; elastin-occupied area at baseline was 0.11 ± 0.03 × 106 μm2 and increased by +75.9% (p < .001) at 1-month and +110.8% (p < .001) at 2-months follow-up. No significant changes (p > .05) found in the Control samples.

CONCLUSION
Collagen and elastin fiber content increased significantly after treatments. Connective tissue in the treatment area was denser up to 2-months post-treatment.