bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model for preventing academic misconduct: evidence from a large-scale intervention
Authors: Benson Lyle , Enstroem Rickard 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is well known that students intentionally and unintentionally commit academic misconduct, but how can universities prevent academic misconduct and foster a culture of academic integrity? Based on a literature synthesis, an actionable Model for Preventing Academic Misconduct is presented. The model’s basic premise is that students’ voluntary participation in individual courses or academic integrity modules will have far less impact on preventing academic misconduct than required faculty or university-wide programming in core courses. In validating the model, the steps taken by the School of Business at a Canadian university to prevent academic misconduct are examined. Two online tutorials were created and implemented as required modules in the School of Business introductory core courses. Actual academic misconduct incidents recorded by the University from 2016 to 2021, a three-year pre-intervention period and a two-year post-intervention period partly covering the COVID-19 outbreak, are used to gauge the model’s effectiveness in preventing academic misconduct. The findings are discussed through a Social Learning Theory lens: the high-level implementation gives rise to a culture of academic integrity propelled by the establishment of common knowledge.
Development of a Guideline Under Didactical Aspects for the Use of Immersive Virtual Learning Environments
Authors: Karcher Amelie , Arnold Dominik , Kuhlenkötter Bernd 
Published: December 2023

AbstractQuality methods are classically applied in productive and administrative business areas as well as in the context of qualification measures. This paper presents the development of a didactic guide for the use of immersive virtual learning environments, which focuses on the training of quality methods. The guide is an element of the design phase of the assisted reality implementation model (ARIM), which was developed as a unified approach for the creation, training and subsequent evaluation of quality methods using augmented and virtual reality (VR) glasses. Thereby, the didactic guideline is also methodically derived from the ARIM and transferred to a realized virtual learning environment. The guideline is intended to address the handling of necessary hardware, appropriate safety and hygiene precautions and finding one’s way around the virtual learning environment. It thus serves as learning material for trainers and trainees alike. The following section explains in detail how the concrete guideline for self-directed training with VR should look and which specific requirements have to be taken into account. The aspects explained up to this point describe the structure of this article. In addition, an initial evaluation was conducted, which will be first explained with a description of the procedure and concluded with the presentation of the results. A brief conclusion is provided at the end.
Evaluation of the wettability alteration on sandstone rock by graphene oxide adsorption
Authors: Gómez-Delgado Jimena Lizeth , Rodriguez-Molina John Jairo , Perez-Angulo Julio Cesar , Santos-Santos Nicolás , Mejía-Ospino Enrique 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOne of the most important parameters of a crude oil recovery process is the interaction of rock-crude oil. In order to alter the positive interaction rock-crude oil, several chemical systems have been proposed. In this study, we use graphene oxide (GO) to alter the positive interaction between sandstone rock and crude oil. In order to evaluate the alteration of the interaction rock oil, we measured the change in the contact angle water sandstone and oil sandstone. In addition, we have measured the interfacial tension (IFT) modification due to the presence of GO in the fluids. The combined effects of graphene oxide concentration, salinity, and pH on interfacial tension and contact angle have been evaluated. The results show that despite GO has not produced significant changes in interfacial tension, the adsorption of GO on the sandstone surface changes the wettability of the sandstone from being strongly crude oil-wet to intermediate crude oil-wettability. Measurements of the contact angle of the treated rock surface with GO solution under soft salinity conditions and pH of 8 show that adsorbed GO can alter the wettability of sandstone from 150 to 90°. In order to corroborate the change in wettability, Amott-Harvey tests were performed. The formation brine and crude oil were subjected to fluid–fluid compatibility tests. These evaluations confirmed a favorable compatibility with the formulation containing 900 ppm of total dissolved solids (TDS), pH 8, and 900 ppm of GO. As a result, it is considered a potential candidate for coreflooding tests.
A New Class of Simple, General and Efficient Finite Volume Schemes for Overdetermined Thermodynamically Compatible Hyperbolic Systems
Authors: Busto Saray , Dumbser Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a new efficient, and at the same time, very simple and general class of thermodynamically compatible finite volume schemes is introduced for the discretization of nonlinear, overdetermined, and thermodynamically compatible first-order hyperbolic systems. By construction, the proposed semi-discrete method satisfies an entropy inequality and is nonlinearly stable in the energy norm. A very peculiar feature of our approach is that entropy is discretized directly, while total energy conservation is achieved as a mere consequence of the thermodynamically compatible discretization. The new schemes can be applied to a very general class of nonlinear systems of hyperbolic PDEs, including both, conservative and non-conservative products, as well as potentially stiff algebraic relaxation source terms, provided that the underlying system is overdetermined and therefore satisfies an additional extra conservation law, such as the conservation of total energy density. The proposed family of finite volume schemes is based on the seminal work of Abgrall [1], where for the first time a completely general methodology for the design of thermodynamically compatible numerical methods for overdetermined hyperbolic PDE was presented. We apply our new approach to three particular thermodynamically compatible systems: the equations of ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) with thermodynamically compatible generalized Lagrangian multiplier (GLM) divergence cleaning, the unified first-order hyperbolic model of continuum mechanics proposed by Godunov, Peshkov, and Romenski (GPR model) and the first-order hyperbolic model for turbulent shallow water flows of Gavrilyuk et al. In addition to formal mathematical proofs of the properties of our new finite volume schemes, we also present a large set of numerical results in order to show their potential, efficiency, and practical applicability.
Proposing mobility visas as an alternative to employer sponsorship: Addressing inequalities in the treatment of temporary migrant workers
Authors: Clibborn Stephen , Wright Chris F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMany countries use employer-sponsored visas to regulate migrant worker recruitment. By tying each sponsored migrant to a single employer, employer-sponsored visas have contributed to problems of workers being underpaid and mistreated. Through a critical assessment of temporary visas in Australia, particularly the Temporary Skill Shortage visa, and an analysis of relevant Australian and international literature, we argue that employer-sponsored visas are fundamentally flawed in their design and should be replaced. We consider various alternative options to employer sponsorship for regulating migrant worker recruitment before proposing the creation of a ‘mobility visa’, which would allow migrant workers to move freely between employers. We argue a mobility visa is a superior model for protecting worker equity and voice while also helping to address labour market needs.
Comparative genomics reveals evolutionary drivers of the dietary shift in Hemiptera
Authors: Wu Guangyao , Wu Chunyan , Dewer Youssef , Li Peiyao , Hao Baojun , Zang Liansheng , Li Fengqi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHemiptera insects exhibit a close relationship to plants and demonstrate a diverse range of dietary preferences, encompassing phytophagy as the predominant feeding habit while a minority engages in carnivorous or haematophagous behaviour. To counteract the challenges posed by phytophagous insects, plants have developed an array of toxic compounds, causing significant evolutionary selection pressure on these insects. In this study, we employed a comparative genomics approach to analyse the expansion and contraction of gene families specific to phytophagous insect lineages, along with their adaptive evolutionary traits, utilising representative species from the Hemiptera order. Our investigation revealed substantial expansions of gene families within the phytophagous lineages, especially in the Pentatomomorpha branch represented by Oncopeltus fasciatus and Riptortus pedestris. Notably, these expansions of gene families encoding enzymes are potentially involved in hemipteran-plant interactions. Moreover, the adaptive evolutionary analysis of these lineages revealed a higher prevalence of adaptively evolved genes in the Pentatomomorpha branch. The observed branch-specific gene expansions and adaptive evolution likely contribute significantly to the diversification of species within Hemiptera. These results help enhance our understanding of the genomic characteristics of the evolution of different feeding habits in hemipteran insects.
Going It Alone or Acting as a Collective? Evaluating the East African Community Policy on Implementing TRIPS Obligations
Authors: Olatunji Olugbenga Ajani 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe grim realities of the COVID-19 pandemic have resuscitated discussions about the effectiveness of the flexibilities entrenched in the World Trade Organization Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) for improving access to medicines. This article revisits this vexed issue by examining whether a regional approach to implementing TRIPS obligations could deliver a better outcome for access, especially in low- and middle-income countries, where manufacturing capacity is almost non-existent. Using the East African Community (EAC) as a case study, the article critiques recommended implementation options under the EAC policy on TRIPS flexibilities, concluding that, if significantly implemented, these recommendations could yield a better outcome for access.
BRATTELI–VERSHIKISABILITY OF POLYGONAL BILLIARDS ON THE HYPERBOLIC PLANE
Authors: NAGAR ANIMA , SINGH PRADEEP 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBratteli–Vershik models of compact, invertible zero-dimensional systems have been well studied. We take up such a study for polygonal billiards on the hyperbolic plane, thus considering these models beyond zero-dimensions. We describe the associated Bratteli models and show that these billiard dynamics can be described by Vershik maps.
From Talking Machines to Music Machines: The Early Years of Recorded Sound and Playback in Pictures and Audio
Authors: Stephens Carlene E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBetween Thomas Edison’s invention of the phonograph in 1877 and World War I, inventors, entrepreneurs, performers, and listeners transformed the singular talking machines of the late 1870s to the ubiquitous music machines of the twentieth century. Through selected images, objects, and links to period sounds, this essay offers a chronological glimpse of interacting social, technical, and entrepreneurial forces at work. Combining visual, aural, and material sources in this way enlarges the historian’s toolbox for understanding the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Between militant democracy and citizen vigilantism: Using citizens’ assemblies to keep parties democratic
Authors: Olsen Tore Vincents , Tuovinen Juha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe essential role of parties in democracies makes it important to keep them democratic. This article argues for sortition-based citizens’ assemblies (CAs) organized in and by civil society to formulate democratic standards for political parties to follow, to evaluate them individually and to criticize them publicly if they do not. This is a third and potentially complementary way to keeping parties democratic, placed between militant democracy on the one hand and citizen vigilantism on the other. Militant democracy is challenged by the fact that few democratically problematic parties are ostensibly anti-democratic and therefore likely to fall under the legal criteria for issuing party bans and other legal sanctions. Militant democratic measures are also likely to be ineffective and are vulnerable to abuse. Citizen vigilantism, whereby active democratic citizens take on the responsibility for protecting democracy, deals better with the ambiguous nature of democratically problematic parties but suffers from a lack of democratic authorization and clear standards of critique. While not perfect, the proposed model remedies many of the shortcomings of both approaches. Contributing to an emerging literature on CAs as instruments in the protection of democracy, the article evaluates the model’s normative justifiability, feasibility and likely effectiveness.
Mesospheric Water Vapor From SABER as a Tracer for the Residual Mean Circulation During SSW Events
Authors: Zhang Jiarong , Oberheide Jens , Pedatella Nicholas M. , Koushik Neelakantan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe sparse wind observations and reanalysis winds in the mesosphere make it challenging to accurately determine the residual mean meridional circulation (MMC). As winds distribute tracers, an alternative approach is to utilize long‐lived trace species such as water vapor (H2O). The recently released H2O data from Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) version 2.07, combined with simulations by the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model eXtension with specified dynamics (SD‐WACCM‐X) and with the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (WACCMX + DART), provide an opportunity to assess the accuracy of using H2O isopleths to derive the vertical component of the residual MMC during the 2009 sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event. In winter, the impact of photochemistry and diffusion on the distribution of mesospheric H2O is negligible compared to advective processes. H2O poleward of 70°N accurately captures the anomalous ascent that occurs a few days prior to the onset of the SSW and the subsequent descent. The derived vertical velocity in SD‐WACCM‐X and WACCMX + DART is qualitatively consistent with SABER observations. However, the derivation of vertical motion from isopleth analysis has limitations at the beginning of 2009 when the meridional transport is stronger than the vertical transport. While measuring winds in the mesosphere is challenging, satellite observations of mesospheric H2O prove to be an effective dynamical tracer during time periods characterized by strong vertical coupling.
Links Between Stream Water Nitrogen and Terrestrial Vegetation in Northeast Greenland
Authors: Riis Tenna , Tank Jennifer L. , Holmboe Cecilie M. H. , Giménez‐Grau Pau , Mastepanov Mikhail , Catalán Núria , Stott David , Hansen Birgitte , Kristiansen Søren M. , Pastor Ada 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Arctic is warming and significant changes to the landscape, including increased vegetative cover (“greening”), are expected in the near future. These landscape changes may alter nitrogen (N) availability in terrestrial, stream, and coastal ecosystems, where production is often N limited, but the exact changes in nutrient cycling are uncertain. Here, we analyzed the relationship between vegetation greenness (i.e., NDVI) and dissolved inorganic (DIN) and organic (DON) concentrations in streams draining 14 headwater catchments (mean 3.6 km2, range 0.4–11 km2) across three samplings in the Zackenberg area, Northeast Greenland. We found large variation in DIN and DON concentrations across the sampled streams. We further show that this variation is correlated to water temperature and catchment NDVI, such that increased vegetation greenness and temperature correlated with lower DIN, and increased greenness also correlated with higher DON concentrations in streams. The results suggest that increased terrestrial vegetation due to rising air temperature could substantially alter dissolved N concentrations and form in streams, with potentially cascading impacts on coastal areas.
Microphysiological systems for solid tumor immunotherapy: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Abizanda-Campo Sara , Virumbrales-Muñoz María , Humayun Mouhita , Marmol Ines , Beebe David J. , Ochoa Ignacio , Oliván Sara , Ayuso Jose M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractImmunotherapy remains more effective for hematologic tumors than for solid tumors. One of the main challenges to immunotherapy of solid tumors is the immunosuppressive microenvironment these tumors generate, which limits the cytotoxic capabilities of immune effector cells (e.g., cytotoxic T and natural killer cells). This microenvironment is characterized by hypoxia, nutrient starvation, accumulated waste products, and acidic pH. Tumor-hijacked cells, such as fibroblasts, macrophages, and T regulatory cells, also contribute to this inhospitable microenvironment for immune cells by secreting immunosuppressive cytokines that suppress the antitumor immune response and lead to immune evasion. Thus, there is a strong interest in developing new drugs and cell formulations that modulate the tumor microenvironment and reduce tumor cell immune evasion. Microphysiological systems (MPSs) are versatile tools that may accelerate the development and evaluation of these therapies, although specific examples showcasing the potential of MPSs remain rare. Advances in microtechnologies have led to the development of sophisticated microfluidic devices used to recapitulate tumor complexity. The resulting models, also known as microphysiological systems (MPSs), are versatile tools with which to decipher the molecular mechanisms driving immune cell antitumor cytotoxicity, immune cell exhaustion, and immune cell exclusion and to evaluate new targeted immunotherapies. Here, we review existing microphysiological platforms to study immuno-oncological applications and discuss challenges and opportunities in the field.
Increased volume of the left hippocampal dentate gyrus after 4 weeks of bright light exposure in patients with mood disorders: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Hirakawa Hirofumi , Terao Takeshi , Hatano Koji , Shirahama Masanao , Kugimiya Tsuyoshi , Kohno Kentaro , Matsuta Hiroyuki , Shimomura Tsuyoshi , Fujiki Minoru 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBright light exposure (BL) induces neurogenesis in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). We had previously conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which a 4-week period of BL in healthy participants resulted in increased volume of the left DG-head. This study aimed to investigate the effects of BL on the DG in patients with mood disorders. A 4-week RCT was conducted in which patients with mood disorders were randomly assigned to either a BL group (10,000 lx) or dim light exposure group (DL group; 50 lx). All patients underwent clinical assessment and magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and after the intervention. The study registration number is UMIN000019220. Our final sample included 24 patients (BL group, n = 12; DL group, n = 12). A significant effect of time and group was detected in the volumes of the left DG-head (F (1, 22) = 11.6, partial η2 = 0.35, p = 0.003) and left DG-total (left DG-total = left DG-head + left DG-body; [F (1, 22) = 6.5, partial η2 = 0.23, p = 0.02]). Additionally, the BL group demonstrated a significant increase in the volume of the left DG-head (95% CI: −5.4 to −1.6, d = 1.2, p = 0.002) and left DG-total (95% CI: −6.3 to −1.5, d = 1.06, p = 0.005) as well as a positive correlation between the percentage change in the volume of the left DG-total and the percentage change in the scores of the mood visual analog scale (r = 0.58, p = 0.04). In conclusion, our study results suggest that compared to DL, BL leads to a significantly greater increase in the left DG volume in patients with mood disorders. This increase in the left DG volume may be associated with mood improvement in the patients.
Metabolic features of treatment-refractory major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation
Authors: Pan Lisa A. , Naviaux Jane C. , Wang Lin , Li Kefeng , Monk Jonathan M. , Lingampelly Sai Sachin , Segreti Anna Maria , Bloom Kaitlyn , Vockley Jerry , Tarnopolsky Mark A. , Finegold David N. , Peters David G. , Naviaux Robert K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPeripheral blood metabolomics was used to gain chemical insight into the biology of treatment-refractory Major Depressive Disorder with suicidal ideation, and to identify individualized differences for personalized care. The study cohort consisted of 99 patients with treatment-refractory major depressive disorder and suicidal ideation (trMDD-SIn = 52 females and 47 males) and 94 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 48 females and 46 males). The median age was 29 years (IQR 22–42). Targeted, broad-spectrum metabolomics measured 448 metabolites. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) were measured as biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction. The diagnostic accuracy of plasma metabolomics was over 90% (95%CI: 0.80–1.0) by area under the receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) curve analysis. Over 55% of the metabolic impact in males and 75% in females came from abnormalities in lipids. Modified purines and pyrimidines from tRNA, rRNA, and mRNA turnover were increased in the trMDD-SI group. FGF21 was increased in both males and females. Increased lactate, glutamate, and saccharopine, and decreased cystine provided evidence of reductive stress. Seventy-five percent of the metabolomic abnormalities found were individualized. Personalized deficiencies in CoQ10, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), citrulline, lutein, carnitine, or folate were found. Pathways regulated by mitochondrial function dominated the metabolic signature. Peripheral blood metabolomics identified mitochondrial dysfunction and reductive stress as common denominators in suicidal ideation associated with treatment-refractory major depressive disorder. Individualized metabolic differences were found that may help with personalized management.