bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The structure of human motivation
Authors: Pincus J. David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundA unified model of human motivation has been recently introduced that integrates all prior “mini-theories” of motivation into a single, symmetrical model based on first principles: four life domains crossed by three levels of attainment, resulting in 12 discrete motivations. Evidence from a series of studies using a novel image-based method is used to test structural hypotheses derived from a unified model of human motivation.MethodThe studies employ large samples (810n to 986n) of working adults who conducted a time-constrained image-based exercise to measure the relative presence or absence of different emotional needs.ResultsThese studies provide support for the theoretical model, suggesting that there is substantial heuristic and practical value in a structured framework of motivating needs.ConclusionsFindings suggest that our theoretical model reflects deep interrelationships between discrete types of human motivation, and by linking specific measures to a comprehensive model of human motivation, researchers can have confidence that they have adequately measured the motivation construct.
Accurate identification of cashmere and wool fibers based on enhanced ShuffleNetV2 and transfer learning
Authors: Zhu Yaolin , Liu Ran , Hu Gang , Chen Xin , Li Wenya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecognizing cashmere and wool fibers has been a challenging problem in the textile industry due to their similar morphological structure, chemical composition, and physicochemical properties. Traditional manual methods for identifying these fibers are inefficient, labor-intensive, and inaccurate. To address these issues, we present a novel method for recognizing cashmere and wool fibers using an improved version of ShuffleNetV2 and Transfer Learning, which we implement as a new cashmere and wool classification network (CWCNet).The approach leverages depthwise separable dilated convolution to extract more feature information for fiber classification. We also introduce a new activation function that enhances the nonlinear representation of the model and allows it to more fully extract negative feature information. Experimental results demonstrate that CWCNet achieves an accuracy rate of up to 98.438% on our self-built dataset, which is a 2.084% improvement over the original ShuffleNetV2 model. Furthermore, our proposed method outperforms classical models such as EfficientNetB0, MobileNetV2, Wide-ResNet50, and ShuffleNetV2 in terms of recognition accuracy while remaining lightweight.The method is capable of extracting more information on fiber characteristics and has the potential to replace manual labor as technological advancements continue to be made. This will greatly benefit engineering applications in the textile industry by providing more efficient and accurate fiber classification.
Food price perception, food and beverage marketing and the nutritional status of children 6–24 months in Obunga slums, Kisumu Kenya: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mbae-Mugambi Umotho Kinya , Onyango Agatha Christine , Okeyo David Omondi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Malnutrition is a significant problem in Africa. In Kenya, 26% of under-fives are stunted; slums are the hardest hit. Obunga slum has the highest prevalence at 40%.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was adopted; simple random sampling techniques were used to identify 189 eligible households in the Obunga slum with children between 6–24 months. An interviewer-administered questionnaire collected data on food price perceptions and food and beverage marketing. An anthropometric data collection form gathered information on the children’s height, weight and age. Scores for stunting, wasting and underweight were generated based on WHO Z-Score cut-off points. Binary logistic regression identified the relationship between food price perceptions, food and beverage marketing and the nutritional status of children between 6–24 months in Obunga slums.

Results
Prevalence of wasting was 3.2%, stunting was 27.0%, underweight was at 7.4%, while overweight was at 13%. Food price perceptions: An increase in fruits prices was significantly associated with wasting (Adjusted O.R. = 10. 82, C.I. = 1.10—106.77, P < 0.05) and underweight (Adjusted O.R. = 5.44, C.I. = 1.35—21.61, P < 0.05). Food & Beverage Marketing: Feeding children on commercially produced complementary food products and commercially produced food was significantly associated with wasting at an (Adjusted O.R. = 7.82, C.I. = 1.29—47.46, p < 0.05, and adjusted O.R. = 5.96, C.I. = 1.06—33.60, p < 0.05) respectively. Stunting was significantly associated with listening/reading or watching advertisements on commercial food products (Crude O.R. = 0.49, C.I. = 0.24—0.998, p < 0.05.). Watching food-related adverts on television (Adjusted O.R. = 0.38 C.I. = 0.146- 0.10) and watching marketing on commercial foods (Adjusted O.R. = 0.21, C.I. = 0.07—0.61) and watching television (Adjusted O.R. = 9.30, C.I. = 2.31—37.40). While watching food-related adverts on television was associated with being underweight (Adjusted O.R. = 18.68 and at C.I. = 1.22—286.89).

Conclusion
The price perceptions of fruits, feeding children commercially produced food products and complementary foods, and Watching food-related adverts on television; had an impact on the nutritional status of children. Thus, a longitudinal study would be needed to understand the long-term effect of food prices and food and beverage marketing on nutritional status.
A 10-year survival rate of tapered self-tapping bone-level implants from medically compromised Korean patients at a maxillofacial surgical unit
Authors: Sodnom-Ish Buyanbileg , Eo Mi Young , Kim Myung Joo , Kim Soung Min 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The 10-year survival rate of dental implants in healthy subjects is 90–95%. While in healthy individuals, dental implants have become commonplace to solve problems of edentulism, whether dental implant treatment is optimal in patients with systemic disease remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical outcomes of tapered, sand-blasted, and acid-etched internal submerged dental implants installed in medically compromised patients in our maxillofacial surgical unit.

Methods
A total of 1019 Luna® dental implants were placed in 333 patients at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital. Kaplan–Meier survival estimates after 10 years of follow-up were computed for healthy vs. medically compromised patients.

Results
The 10-year follow-up survival rate of 1019 Luna® dental implants in the Korean maxillofacial surgical unit was 97.0% with a mean follow-up of 41.13 ± 35.13 months (0–120 months). The survival rate was 97.0%, in which 31 implants were failed during the follow-up. Cumulative 10-year implant survival rates were 99.4% in healthy individuals without systemic disease and 95.9% in patients with systemic disease.

Conclusions
Comparable success and survival rates were achieved with those of implants in healthy patients. Preoperative general health assessments including laboratory test results and checking the previous medication records are essential in diagnosing any unrecognized conditions for improved implant success rates in medically compromised patients.
Evaluation of Galleria mellonella immune response as a key step toward plastic degradation
Authors: Elmekawy Abeer , Elshehaby Mohamed , Saber Samy , Ayaad Tahany 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Plastic's remarkable durability presents a significant challenge for our planet, leading to widespread environmental damage. However, some organisms, such as Galleria mellonella larvae, have shown a unique capability to consume and degrade plastic, offering potential solutions to plastic pollution. In this study, we investigated the response of G. mellonella larvae to different diets, including artificial diet (AD), polyethylene low density mixed with AD (PELD + AD), and PELD alone. Using various microscopy techniques, we examined the larvae's hemocyte hemogram and mid-gut characteristics to understand their immune response and digestive system when exposed to plastic.

Results
The results revealed that PELD-only feeding negatively impacted hemocyte immunity, resulting in a significant decrease in total hemocyte counts compared to AD and AD + PELD feeding. Moreover, plastic consumption induced differential hemocyte alterations, affecting specific cell types. The presence of phagosomes in larval hemocytes and mid-gut cells during PELD-only feeding suggested active involvement in plastic breakdown.

Conclusions
These findings highlight the potential of G. mellonella larvae as a model organism to study responses to pollutants, emphasizing the urgent need to address plastic pollution's global threat. Further investigation is warranted to explore larval deformities, weight loss, and appetite changes, potentially influencing mortality rates and enzyme biochemistry. Understanding the impacts of plastic ingestion on G. mellonella larvae is crucial to develop effective strategies for mitigating plastic pollution's ecological implications.
Relation of serum resistin to subclinical atherosclerosis in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Nageeb Rania S. , Tantawy Heba F. , Fawzy Amal , Ateya Marwa Abdel-monem 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Resistin is a small protein that has pro-inflammatory and atherogenic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the level of serum resistin as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in multiple sclerosis (MS) sufferers. 114 MS sufferers and 114 age, sex and body mass index matched controls were enrolled in this study, subjected to detailed history taking, general, neurological examination, assessment of anthropometric measurements, serum resistin level, and carotid duplex to asses subclinical atherosclerosis.

Results
MS sufferers showed a higher cholesterol, and triglycerides levels as compared to controls. Progressive MS sufferers (SPMS, and PPMS) showed a higher cholesterol level as compared to RRMS sufferers. SPMS sufferers showed a higher cholesterol level as compared to PPMS sufferers. RRMS sufferers showed a higher triglycerides level as compared to progressive MS sufferers. Sufferers had significantly higher mean levels of resistin and right carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) as compared to controls. There was a significant positive correlation in MS sufferers between serum resistin and the following parameters: age, and disease duration, body mass index, triglycerides, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. There were significant positive correlations between carotid intimal medial thickness and body mass index, disease duration, age, expanded disability status scale, levels of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol. The risk factors of subclinical atherosclerosis in MS sufferers were higher mean levels of resistin, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, and disease duration. Subclinical atherosclerosis in MS sufferers was significantly associated with higher mean levels of resistin, and triglycerides.

Conclusions
Higher mean levels of resistin might reflect the predisposition to subclinical atherosclerosis in MS sufferers.
Characterization of the triadimefon resistant Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates in China
Authors: Zhou Aihong , Feng Yaoxuan , Gao Xinpei , Liu Yue , Ji Fan , Huang Lili , Kang Zhensheng , Zhan Gangming 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a devastating disease that seriously threatens the production of crops worldwide. Triadimefon is the widely-used fungicide for controlling the disease in China; however, as the fungicide targets a single site (position 401 in the 134th codon of the Cyp51 gene), the extensive application imposes a strong selection pressure on the pathogens, which may potentially lose the effect over time. In this study, 176 Pst field isolates sampled from different regions of Xinjiang were determined for their sensitivity to triadimefon because it is the few frequent Pst outbreak and representative area in China. The results showed that the Pst isolates collected from Yili, Xinjiang, exhibited a strong resistance to triadimefon with an average EC50 of 0.263 µg/mL, despite the rest of the isolates maintaining high sensitivity to triadimefon. The triadimefon-resistant and triadimefon-sensitive isolates did not display significant differences in sporulation, but the triadimefon-resistant isolates exhibited weaker adaptive traits in their latent period and urediniospore germination rate than the triadimefon-sensitive isolates. No cross-resistance was found for the other two fungicides, flubeneteram or pyraclostrobin; however, cross-resistance for the demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides, tebuconazole and hexaconazole, was found. Genome sequencing revealed that the Tyrosine (Y) at 134 residue was mutated to Phenylalanine (F) in the Xinjiang isolates. Our study revealed that a natural mutation in Pst led to the efficacy loss of triadimefon to control the disease.
A case of multiple median sternotomy for infection and expanding hematoma in 10 years
Authors: Nakajima Tomohiro , Iba Yutaka , Shibata Tsuyoshi , Kawaharada Nobuyoshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
After a median sternotomy, mediastinitis may develop, necessitating reopening of the chest. Rarely, reoperation due to hematoma after cardiovascular surgery is experienced. In the present case, we experienced a patient who initially had mediastinitis, but later developed a chronic hematoma and underwent multiple surgeries.

Case presentation
The patient was a 40-year-old man who underwent aortic valve replacement for a bicuspid aortic valve and a graft for a dilated ascending aorta. Postoperatively, he developed hematoma in the anterior mediastinum on multiple occasions with repeated episodes of infection that required multiple median sternotomies.

Conclusions
We reported our experience with a rare case of multiple median sternotomies. In the early stage, mediastinitis due to infection was observed, and in the late stage, mediastinal dilatation due to hemorrhage was observed.
FRI501 A Rare Case Of Acute Suppurative Thyroiditis
Authors: Gupta Vishaal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: V. Gupta: None.
Acute Suppurative thyroiditis is an uncommon however potentially life threatening condition. It is often diagnosed in children due to a congenital association with pyriform sinus fistula. About 8% of cases have been reported in adults primarily in the immunocompromised population. Herein, we report a case of a 35-year-old African American male who presented with a two day history of sore throat, neck pain and swelling with odynophagia. Initial workup revealed a suppressed TSH and elevated free T4. CT imaging of the neck was concerning for a retropharyngeal fluid collection and thyroiditis. Blood cultures grew Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus Aureus. He was treated with atenolol, methimazole, broad spectrum empiric IV antibiotics and IV steroids however he remained febrile, tachycardic and tachypneic. Repeat imaging identified the interval development of a possible thyroid abscess. Multiple attempts were made to drain the abscess with fluid cultures confirming MSSA and the diagnosis of acute suppurative thyroiditis. Early diagnosis of acute suppurative thyroiditis is essential as delayed recognition can increase the risk for adverse events including morbidity and mortality. This unique case highlights the importance of the clinician thoroughly evaluating the patient and recognizing an uncommon presentation of thyroiditis. This leads to prompt treatment for a condition that without timely intervention, can lead to fatal outcomes.
References:
1. Lavin, Norman Manual of Endocrinology and Metabolism
2. Lafontaine, Nicole Suppurative thyroiditis: Systematic review and clinical guidance
3. Yegya-Raman, Nikhil Acute Suppurative Thyroiditis in an Intravenous Drug User with a Preexisting Goiter
4. Cheung, Brian Acute suppurative thyroiditis seeded from infective endocarditis and intravenous drug use
Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023
Development and Pilot Testing of a Programmatic System for Competency Assessment in US Anesthesiology Residency Training
Authors: Woodworth Glenn E. , Goldstein Zachary T. , Ambardekar Aditee P. , Arthur Mary E. , Bailey Caryl F. , Booth Gregory J. , Carney Patricia A. , Chen Fei , Duncan Michael J. , Fromer Ilana R. , Hallman Matthew R. , Hoang Thomas , Isaak Robert , Klesius Lisa L. , Ladlie Beth L. , Mitchell Sally Ann , Miller Juve Amy K. , Mitchell John D. , McGrath Brian J. , Shepler John A. , Sims Charles R. , Spofford Christina M. , Tanaka Pedro P. , Maniker Robert B. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
In 2018, a set of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) and procedural skills assessments were developed for anesthesiology training, but they did not assess all the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) milestones. The aims of this study were to (1) remap the 2018 EPA and procedural skills assessments to the revised ACGME Anesthesiology Milestones 2.0, (2) develop new assessments that combined with the original assessments to create a system of assessment that addresses all level 1 to 4 milestones, and (3) provide evidence for the validity of the assessments.

METHODS:
Using a modified Delphi process, a panel of anesthesiology education experts remapped the original assessments developed in 2018 to the Anesthesiology Milestones 2.0 and developed new assessments to create a system that assessed all level 1 through 4 milestones. Following a 24-month pilot at 7 institutions, the number of EPA and procedural skill assessments and mean scores were computed at the end of the academic year. Milestone achievement and subcompetency data for assessments from a single institution were compared to scores assigned by the institution’s clinical competency committee (CCC).

RESULTS:
New assessment development, 2 months of testing and feedback, and revisions resulted in 5 new EPAs, 11 nontechnical skills assessments (NTSAs), and 6 objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs). Combined with the original 20 EPAs and procedural skills assessments, the new system of assessment addresses 99% of level 1 to 4 Anesthesiology Milestones 2.0. During the 24-month pilot, aggregate mean EPA and procedural skill scores significantly increased with year in training. System subcompetency scores correlated significantly with 15 of 23 (65.2%) corresponding CCC scores at a single institution, but 8 correlations (36.4%) were <30.0, illustrating poor correlation.

CONCLUSIONS:
A panel of experts developed a set of EPAs, procedural skill assessment, NTSAs, and OSCEs to form a programmatic system of assessment for anesthesiology residency training in the United States. The method used to develop and pilot test the assessments, the progression of assessment scores with time in training, and the correlation of assessment scores with CCC scoring of milestone achievement provide evidence for the validity of the assessments.
What the Evolution of 1332 Waivers Tells Us about Their Innovative Potential
Authors: Singer Phillip M. , Skinner Daniel , Wright Brad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Section 1332 of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) provides states unprecedented flexibility to alter federal health policy. The authors analyze state waiver activity from 2019 to 2023, applying a comparative approach to understand waivers proposed by Georgia, Colorado, Washington, Oregon, and Nevada. Much of the waiver activity during this period focused on reinsurance programs. During the Trump administration, the most innovative waiver application was from Georgia, which sought to restructure and decentralize its individual market, moving away from the framework established by the ACA. While the Biden administration suspended Georgia's efforts, Democratic-led states have focused implementing waiver programs supporting and expanding on the ACA. This has included adopting public-option insurance plans offered by private insurers and expanding eligibility for qualified health plans for previously ineligible groups. The authors’ analysis offers insights into contemporary health politics, policy durability, and the role of the administrative presidency.
Federal Enforcement of Pharmaceutical Fraud under the False Claims Act, 2006–2022
Authors: Bendicksen Liam , Kesselheim Aaron S. , Daval C. Joseph Ross 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Context: The False Claims Act is the US federal government's primary tool for identifying and penalizing pharmaceutical fraud. The Department of Justice uses the False Claims Act to bring civil cases against drug manufacturers that allegedly obtain improper payment from federal programs.
Methods: The authors searched the Department of Justice website for press releases published between 2006 and 2022 that announced fraud actions brought against drug companies. They then used the World Health Organization's Anatomical Therapeutic Classification index to identify the classes of prescription drugs implicated in fraud actions.
Findings: During fiscal years 2006–2022, payments by six manufacturers amounted to more than 28% of total payments made as a result of federal False Claims Act actions. Nervous system and cardiovascular drugs were the classes of medications most commonly implicated in alleged fraud. Federal officials most frequently alleged that companies improperly promoted nervous system drugs and paid kickbacks to increase revenues from cardiovascular, antineoplastic and immunomodulating, and alimentary tract and metabolism drugs.
Conclusions: Despite frequent pharmaceutical fraud settlements and penalties, incidence of alleged fraud among drug companies remains high. Alternative methods for preventing and deterring fraud could help safeguard our health systems and promote public health, and policy makers should ensure that effective fraud enforcement complements preventive public health regulation.