bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bi(OTf)3/[bmim]BF4 as Novel and Reusable Catalytic System for the Synthesis of Furan, Pyrrole and Thiophene Derivatives.
Authors: Yadav J. S. , Reddy B. V. S. , Eeshwaraiah B. , Gupta Manoj Kumar 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Imidazolidin‐4‐one and 1H‐Imidazo[2,1‐a]isoindole‐2,5(3H,9bH)‐dione Derivatives of Primaquine: Scope and Limitations.
Authors: Gomes Paula , Araujo Maria Joao , Rodrigues Manuela , Vale Nuno , Azevedo Zelia , Iley Jim , Chambel Paula , Morais Jose , Moreira Rui 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Nucleophilic C—C Bond‐Forming tele‐Reaction of Imidazole Ring.
Authors: Ohta Shunsaku , Sato Kentaro , Kawasaki Ikuo , Yamaguchi Yuko , Nishio Satoko , Yamashita Masayuki 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis, Antiprotozoal and Cytotoxic Activities of New N‐(3,4‐Dimethyl‐5‐isoxazolyl)‐1,2‐naphthoquinone‐4‐amino Derivatives.
Authors: Sperandeo N. R. , Brinon M. C. , Brun R. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Heterocycles: 4‐Methyl‐2H‐pyrano[6,5‐f]cycloalka[2,1‐b]2H‐chromen‐2‐ones.
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Ying , Xia Yi , Yang Zhengyu , Xia Peng 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Evaluation of a Dimer of 2‐(4‐Pyridylmethyl)‐1‐indanone as a Novel Nonsteroidal Aromatase Inhibitor.
Authors: Gupta Ranju , Jindal Dharam Paul , Jit Birinder , Narang Gaurav , Palusczak Anja , Hartmann Rolf W. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation and Properties of a Structurally Novel Heterocyclic Dispiro Compound, 3,10‐Dimethyl‐3,10‐diazadispiro[5.0.5.4]hexadeca‐1,4,8,11‐tetraene.
Authors: Muramatsu Takashi , Toyota Azumao , Adachi Nao 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Study of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Novel 1‐[2‐(Benzoxazol‐2‐yl)ethoxy]‐2,6‐diarylpiperidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Ramalingan C. , Balasubramanian S. , Kabilan S. , Vasudevan M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of 1‐Acyl‐2,6‐diaryl‐4‐oxo(acyloxy)piperidines and 4‐Acyloxy‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridines.
Authors: Soldatenkov A. T. , Levov A. N. , Mamyrbekova Zh. A. , Kolyadina N. M. , Mobio I. G. , Naumov Yu. I. , Komarova A. I. , An' Le Tuan 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hg2+‐Selective Chemosensor Derived from 8‐Hydroxyquinoline Having Benzothiazole Function in Aqueous Environment.
Authors: Youk Jin‐Soo , Kim Young Hee , Kim Eun‐Jin , Youn Na Jin , Chang Suk‐Kyu 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 1‐Hydroxymethylene‐1,1‐bis(phosphonic acids) from Acid Anhydrides: Preparation of a New Cyclic 1‐Acyloxymethylene‐1,1‐bis(phosphonic acid).
Authors: Guenin Erwann , Degache Estelle , Liquier Jean , Lecouvey Marc 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Diacylated 8‐C‐Glucosylcyanidin 3‐Glucoside from the Flowers of Tricyrtis formosana.
Authors: Tatsuzawa Fumi , Saito Norio , Miyoshi Kazumitsu , Shinoda Koichi , Shigihara Atsushi , Honda Toshio 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Cholinesterase‐Inhibiting New Steroidal Alkaloids from Sarcococca hookeriana of Nepalese Origin.
Authors: Choudhary M. Iqbal , Devkota Krishna Prasad , Nawaz Sarfraz Ahmad , Shaheen Farzana , Atta‐ur‐Rahman Atta‐ur‐Rahman 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Substituted 7‐Aryliminomethyl Derivatives of Camptothecin.
Authors: Dallavalle Sabrina , Merlini Lucio , Morini Gabriella , Musso Loana , Penco Sergio , Beretta Giovanni Luca , Tinelli Stella , Zunino Franco 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Facile Synthesis of Acyclic Azanucleosides from N‐Pivaloyloxymethyl Amides and Sulfonamides: Synthesis of Aza‐Analogues of Ganciclovir (I).
Authors: Koszytkowska‐Stawinska Mariola , Sas Wojciech 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Pyrrolocarbazole Analogues of Aromatic Skeleton of Indolocarbazole Natural Products.
Authors: Fousteris Manolis A. , Koutsourea Anna I. , Arsenou Evaggelia S. , Leondiadis L. , Nikolaropoulos Sotiris S. , Stamos Ioannis K. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Optimization of the Ni—Y Catalyst Composition in Bulk Electric Arc Synthesis of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Use of Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy.
Authors: Itkis M. E. , Perea D. E. , Niyogi S. , Love J. , Tang J. , Yu A. , Kang C. , Jung R. , Haddon R. C. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Incidence of multiple myeloma in Olmsted County, Minnesota
Authors: Kyle Robert A. , Therneau Terry M. , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Larson Dirk R. , Plevak Matthew F. , Melton L. Joseph 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDPrevious studies have indicated that the incidence and mortality rates for multiple myeloma have increased in the United States. The authors reported on the incidence of multiple myeloma in Olmsted County, Minnesota, between 1991 and 2001 and on trends in multiple myeloma incidence over the last 56 years.METHODSUsing the files of the Mayo Clinic and the Olmsted Medical Center (Rochester, MN), the authors identified all residents of Olmsted County who had multiple myeloma, suspected myeloma, or a related disorder. Reports of all laboratory determinations, in addition to autopsy findings and death certificates, were obtained. The criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma have not changed during the last 6 decades.RESULTSAll but 1 of the 47 residents with multiple myeloma first diagnosed between 1991 and 2001 were recognized antemortem. Fifty‐five percent had a previous monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, smoldering multiple myeloma, or solitary plasmacytoma before multiple myeloma was diagnosed. From 1991 to 2001, the overall annual incidence rate, age‐adjusted to the 2000 U.S. population, was 4.3 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval, 3.0–5.5 per 100,000). Poisson regression analysis showed no statistically significant trend in Olmsted County incidence rates over 56 years. In similar fashion, the authors adjusted multiple myeloma incidence rates from nine other studies worldwide for which adequate data were available and documented similar findings in each case, except for one study that included patients with smoldering multiple myeloma.CONCLUSIONSThe overall incidence of multiple myeloma in Olmsted County, Minnesota, has not changed in almost 6 decades. The apparent increase in incidence elsewhere is unexplained but probably is attributable to improvements in diagnostic techniques, particularly in older patients. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Conservative treatment of invasive bladder carcinoma by transurethral resection, protracted intravenous infusion chemotherapy, and hyperfractionated radiotherapy
Authors: Danesi Donatella Tirindelli , Arcangeli Giorgio , Cruciani Enrico , Altavista Pierluigi , Mecozzi Antonella , Saracino Bianca , Orefici Filina 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDOrgan preservation has been investigated in patients with muscle‐invasive bladder carcinoma over the past decades as an alternative to radical cystectomy. The majority of studies reported that trimodal schedules, including transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB), radiotherapy (RT), and chemotherapy, are a feasible and safe organ‐sparing approach without deferring the survival probability. However, to the authors' knowledge the best combination of RT and chemotherapy has yet to be well defined. The current study evaluated the long‐term results of a schedule of concurrent cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) administered as protracted intravenous infusions (PVI) during hyperfractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) with organ‐sparing intent in patients with infiltrating transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCCB).METHODSSeventy‐seven patients with a classification of T2–T4aN0M0 TCCB were enrolled in the current study. After a complete TURB and bladder mapping, 42 of 77 patients underwent 2 cycles of induction chemotherapy. All 77 patients underwent HFRT and a schedule of cisplatin (4–6 mg/m2 per day) and 5‐FU (180–220 mg/m2 per day) as concomitant PVI (radiochemotherapy [RCT]). Six to 8 weeks after RCT, patient response was evaluated by computed tomography scan, urine cytology, and TURB. Patients who achieved a complete response (CR) were followed at regular intervals. For patients with residual or recurrent invasive tumor, salvage cystectomy was recommended.RESULTSSeventy‐two patients were evaluable for response: 65 achieved a CR (90.3%) and 7 (9.7%) achieved a partial response. No significant difference was observed for the different prognostic factors with the exception of stage of disease (T2 [95.7%] vs. T3–T4a [80.0%]; P = 0.04). The observed toxicity, mainly hematologic, was higher among the patients who received induction chemotherapy compared with the patients who did not receive induction chemotherapy, even though the difference was not statistically significant. After a median follow‐up of 82.2 months (range, 30–138 months), 44 of 65 (57.1%) patients who achieved a CR were alive. Of these 44 patients, 33 had tumor‐free bladders. The 5‐year overall, bladder‐intact, tumor‐specific, disease‐free, and cystectomy‐free survival rates for all 77 patients were 58.5%, 46.6%, 75.0%, 53.5%, and 76.1%, respectively. No associations were observed in overall and tumor‐specific survival with different prognostic factors.CONCLUSIONSCombined treatment appeared to provide high response rates and can be offered as an alternative option to radical cystectomy in selected patients who refuse or are unsuitable for surgery. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Long‐term follow‐up results of hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone (Hyper‐CVAD), a dose‐intensive regimen, in adult acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Kantarjian Hagop , Thomas Deborah , O'Brien Susan , Cortes Jorge , Giles Francis , Jeha Sima , Bueso‐Ramos Carlos E. , Pierce Sherry , Shan Jianqin , Koller Charles , Beran Miloslav , Keating Michael , Freireich Emil J. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDModern intensive chemotherapy regimens have improved the prognosis for patients with adult acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). With these regimens, the complete response rates are now reported to be > 80%, and the long‐term survival rates range from 30% to 45%. The current analysis updated the long‐term results with the original hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone (Hyper‐CVAD) program, with a median follow‐up time of 63 months.METHODSBetween 1992 and 2000, 288 patients were treated with Hyper‐CVAD. The median age of the patients was 40 years, and 59 patients (20%) were ≥ age 60 years. The incidence of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)‐positive ALL was 17%, and the incidence of of T‐cell ALL was 13%.RESULTSA complete response (CR) was achieved in 92% of patients. The induction mortality rate was 5% (2% if the patient's age was < 60 years, and 15% if the patient's age was ≥ 60 years). With a median follow‐up time of 63 months, the 5‐year survival rate was 38% and the 5‐year CR duration rate was 38%. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for CR duration identified the following adverse factors: age ≥ 45 years, leukocytosis ≥ 50 × 109/L, poor performance status (an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score of 3–4), Ph‐positive disease, French–American–British L2 morphology, > 1 course to achieve CR, and Day 14 bone marrow blasts > 5%. Patients were divided into low‐risk (risk score 0–1; 37%), intermediate risk (risk score 2–3; 36%), and poor‐risk groups (risk score ≥ 4; 27%) with 5‐year CR duration rates of 52%, 37%, and 10%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSCompared with the previous VAD regimens, Hyper‐CVAD was associated with significantly better CR rates, CR duration, and survival. The long‐term follow‐up results of Hyper‐CVAD were favorable. Comparison of Hyper‐CVAD with other established adult ALL regimens is warranted. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Use of unphased multilocus genotype data in indirect association studies
Authors: Clayton David , Chapman Juliet , Cooper Jason 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIt is usually assumed that detection of a disease susceptability gene via marker polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium with it is facilitated by consideration of marker haplotypes. However, capture of the marker haplotype information requires resolution of gametic phase, and this must usually be inferred statistically. Recently, we questioned the value of the marker haplotype information, and suggested that certain analyses of multivariate marker data, not based on haplotypes explicitly and not requiring resolution of gametic phase, are often more powerful than analyses based on haplotypes. Here, we review this work and assess more carefully the situations in which our conclusions might apply. We also relate these analyses to alternative approaches to haplotype analysis, namely those based on haplotype similarity and those inspired by cladistics. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Agreement between dementia patient report and proxy reports using the Nottingham Health Profile
Authors: Boyer F. , Novella J.‐L. , Morrone I. , Jolly D. , Blanchard F. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to examine the agreement between patient reports and their proxy reports (family and care provider proxies) on Health Status in a sample of patients with dementia.MethodNinety‐nine patients with mild to moderate dementia and proxies completed the 38‐item Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) questionnaire.ResultsCompletion rates for the different NHP dimensions ranged from 78 to 90% for the dementia subjects. Inter‐rater agreement between different proxies and subject was from moderate to good for physical assessment (ICCs from 0.54 to 0.78 for physical mobility scales). Patient/family proxy concordance was moderate to good for five out of six dimensions (physical mobility, social isolation, pain, energy, sleep) and poor for emotional reaction. Family proxies systematically reported lower functioning than did patients in the four subscales assessing: physical mobility (p < 0.0001), energy (p < 0.005), social isolation (p < 0.01) and sleep (p < 0.03). Care provider proxies only estimated physical mobility as lower (p < 0.0001).ConclusionAge and physical status of the patient significantly affected agreement in patient‐care provider proxy ratings. Thus, caution is appropriate when resorting to proxies to estimate the Health Status of a dementia patient. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Behavioural and psychological syndromes in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mirakhur A. , Craig D. , Hart D. J. , Mcllroy S. P. , Passmore A. P. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectivesThe origins of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia are still poorly understood. By focusing on piecemeal behaviours as opposed to more robust syndrome change valid biological correlates may be overlooked. Our understanding of BPSD via the identification of neuropsychiatric syndromes.MethodsWe recruited 435 subjects from old age psychiatry and elderly care memory outpatient clinics fulfilling the criteria for diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease. Behavioural and psychological symptoms were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Principal components factor analysis was carried out on the composite scores of the 12 symptom domains to identify behavioural syndromes (factors). Results were confirmed by performing three different rotations: Varimax, Equamax and Quartimax.ResultsFour factors were identified (which accounted for 57% of the variance): ‘affect’ factor—depression/dysphoria, anxiety, irritability/lability and agitation/aggression; ‘physical behaviour’ factor—apathy, aberrant motor behaviour, sleep disturbance and appetite/eating disturbance; ‘psychosis’ factor—delusions and hallucinations; ‘hypomania’ factor—disinhibition and elation/euphoria. These groups were unchanged when different methods of rotation were used.ConclusionsWe report novel observations that agitation/aggression/irritability cluster within a depressive symptom factor and apathy is found within a physical behaviour factor. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The relationship between non‐cognitive symptoms and functional impairment in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mok W. Y. W. , Chu L. W. , Chung C. P. , Chan N. Y. , Hui S. L. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectiveCognitive impairment is an important determinant for functional impairment in Alzheimer's disease. The role of non‐cognitive symptom is uncertain. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of non‐cognitive symptoms as predictive factors for functional outcome in A.D.MethodsThis was a retrospective study. Subjects were recruited from the Memory Clinic in Queen Mary Hospital over a two years period. Patients with diagnosis of probable A.D. by NINCDS‐ADRDA were identified. Demographic data, Folstein Mini‐Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), Barthel activities of daily living (ADL) as well as Lawton's Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were retrieved.Results100 patients were identified. Univariate analysis identified statistically significant correlation between hallucination and disinhibition score with Barthel Index (r = −0.43, p < 0.001; r = −0.30, p = 0.002 respectively); hallucination and aberrant motor act score with Lawton's IADL (r = −0.21, p = 0.038; r = −0.21, p = 0.038). MMSE was statistical significantly correlated with the above two functional scores. NPI was not statistical significantly correlated with any one of the functional measures. Multivariate regression analyses showed that hallucination score was an independent predictive factors for the Barthel index but not for the Lawton's IADL. MMSE score was identified to be independent predictive factor for all functional measures.ConclusionsGlobal cognitive impairment and hallucination was an important independent predictive factor for functional outcomes. Screening hallucination during the course of A.D. would be helpful. Further studies are needed to show the benefit of treatment of hallucination on the improvement of functional outcomes. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring disability in patients with neurodegenerative disease using the ‘Yesterday Interview’
Authors: Lomax Claire L. , Brown Richard G. , Howard Robert J. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectivesTo illustrate the use of time‐budget methodology as a means of measuring disability within the framework of the World Health Organisation (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) in a mixed group of patients with neurodegenerative disease.MethodsA semi‐structured interview method (the ‘Yesterday Interview’) was used to reconstruct the preceding 24‐hour period in terms of activity, social and environmental context, and subjective enjoyment. Data were collected on 40 elderly control subjects and a sample of 99 community based patients diagnosed with either Parkinson's disease without or with dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Dementia with Lewy bodies, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy or Multiple System Atrophy. All participants were seen in their own home. The results were translated hierarchically into the ICF framework of disability domains, and further into a higher level formulation based on the constructs of discretionary/obligatory activity.ResultsDisability profiles were obtained for the patient group as a whole and for the individual disorders. Restricted patterns of time‐use were noted across a range of domains encompassing both obligatory and discretionary activity, and accompanied by a significant increase in passive activity such as day‐time sleeping or sitting in front of the television. The data also illustrated the restrictions in both the social and environmental contexts of the patient's lives, and the diminished levels of subjective enjoyment associated with their pattern of daily time‐use. With the exception of time spent on discretionary activities, these various indices were significantly associated with standard clinical measures disability.ConclusionsWith further studies to assess reliability and validity, time‐use and contextual data obtained from structured interviews may provide a useful means of measuring disability within the ICF framework in patients with degenerative neurological disease. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Macrophagic response to human mesenchymal stem cell and poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) implantation in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice
Authors: Xia Zhidao , Ye Hua , Choong Cleo , Ferguson David J. P. , Platt Nick , Cui Zhanfeng , Triffitt James T. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractNonobese diabetic, severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice are extensively used to assess in vivo potentials for human cellular differentiation, development, and neophysiology. They are not only deficient in T and B cells, but also exhibit macrophage dysfunction and an absence of circulating complement. However, the survival of engrafted human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is limited and minimal mature bone tissue develops from implanted hMSCs in this model. The aim of the present study was to investigate the response to such implants in NOD/SCID mice. To this end, hMSCs genetically marked with enhanced green fluorescent protein, a biodegradable polymer, poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL), and a bioconstruct incorporating the enhanced green fluorescent protein‐labeled hMSCs with PCL after culture together for 3 weeks in vitro, were implanted into NOD/SCID mice and followed for up to 10 weeks. Monocytes/macrophages appeared to be the major invading cell type in all the implants and remained in the materials regardless of whether or not hMSCs were present over the time periods studied. When the hMSCs were implanted without the PCL scaffold, host macrophage invasion was also observed with the majority of hMSCs being eliminated within 2 weeks. Multinuclear giant cells or foreign body giant cells were seen in the cases of PCL implantation. These cells slowly infiltrated into the central core of the materials over a 10‐week period of implantation with neutrophils and mast cells also being observed. In conclusion, in NOD/SCID mice, monocytes/macrophages still effectively respond to the implantation of xenografts and biopolymers with functional migration, phagocytosis, adhesion, foreign body recognition and formation of multinuclear giant cells, or foreign body giant cells. Thus, these animals still retain a level of innate immune responsiveness to these implantations and in addition may provoke a physiological environment that is unsuitable for extensive intramembranous ossification by engrafted hMSCs. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 71A: 538–548, 2004