bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypnopompic seizures
Authors: Awad Amer M. , Lüders Hans O. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe relationship between epilepsy and sleep is complex and bidirectional. Ictal awakening is probably a common and well‐described phenomenon. In this small observational study we describe arousal from sleep as the only, or at least main, manifestation of some epileptic seizures. We coin the term “hypnopompic seizures” to describe this entity. Five patients with intractable epilepsy were monitored by continuous video‐electroencephalogram. Four of them had left temporal lobe epilepsy and one patient had generalised epilepsy. Hypnopompic seizures accounted for 30‐100% of their seizure types captured during monitoring. All the seizures occurred during stage II sleep and were brief. Hypnopompic seizures are extremely subtle and may be underdiagnosed and underreported. Future larger studies are needed to shed some light on this unique entity and its neuropathophysiology. Epileptologists should be aware of this type of seizure and careful review of electroencephalograms during the transition from sleep to arousal is imperative to capture these seizures. Physicians, patients and families also need to be aware of such a subtle manifestation of seizures. Improved awareness of hypnopompic seizures and subtle seizures, in general, help guide accurate and early diagnosis, thorough monitoring and appropriate management.
Regression of stroke‐like lesions in MELAS‐syndrome after seizure control
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Barton Peter 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThere are some indications that seizure activity promotes the development of stroke‐like episodes, or vice versa, in patients with mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke‐like episodes (MELAS) syndrome or other syndromic mitochondrial disorders. A 41‐year‐old Caucasian female with MELAS syndrome, presenting with short stature, microcytic anaemia, increased blood‐sedimentation rate, myopathy, hyper‐gammaglobulinaemia, an iron‐metabolism defect, migraine‐like headaches, and stroke‐like episodes, developed complex partial and generalised seizures at age 32 years. Valproic acid was ineffective but after switching to lamotrigine and lorazepam, she became seizure‐free for five years and stroke‐like episodes did not recur. Cerebral MRI initially showed enhanced gyral thickening and a non‐enhanced T2‐hyperintensity over the left parieto‐temporo‐occipital white matter and cortex and enhanced caudate heads. After two years without seizures, the non‐enhanced hyperintense parieto‐temporo‐occipital lesion had disappeared, being attributed to consequent seizure control. The caudate heads, however, remained hyperintense throughout the observational period. This case indicates that adequate seizure control in a patient with MELAS syndrome may prevent the recurrence of stroke‐like episodes and may result in the disappearance of strokelike lesions on MRI.
Prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in temporal lobe epilepsy: the value of structured psychiatric interviews
Authors: Bragatti José Augusto , Torres Carolina Machado , Londero Renata Gomes , Assmann Juliana Bohn , Fontana Vivian , Martin Kelin Cristine , Hidalgo Maria Paz Loayza , Chaves Márcia Lorena Fagundes , Bianchin Marino Muxfeldt 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough many studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in epileptic patients, most have used unstructured psychiatric interviews for diagnosis, which may lead to significant differences in results. Here we present a study evaluating the prevalence of major psychiatric comorbidities in a cohort of South Brazilian patients with temporal lobe epilepsy using a structured clinical interview.MethodsNeuropsychiatric symptoms were analyzed in 98 patients (39 men and 59 women) with temporal lobe epilepsy. Patient mean age was 43 years old, and mean duration of epilepsy was 25 years. Patients were diagnosed according to the ILAE Classification of Epileptic Syndromes using clinical, EEG, and neuroimaging criteria. All patients participated in the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID).ResultsFifty‐three patients (54.1%) presented major psychiatric comorbidities. Mood disorders were observed in 42 patients (42.9%), the most common being neuropsychiatric disorders. Anxiety disorders were the second most frequent disorders, observed in 18 patients (18.4%). Psychotic disorders and substance abuse were each observed in six patients (6.1%). There were no clinical variables regarding epilepsy characteristics (age of onset, duration, response to antiepileptic drugs) and no MRI features associated with psychiatric disorders. A seven‐fold increased risk of mood disorders was identified in patients with inter‐ictal EEG abnormalities associated with the left hemisphere.ConclusionRelative to previous reports, we identify a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in TLE patients, although our data is similar to that observed in other studies which have used similar structured interviews in populations of epileptic patients attending tertiary centres. The wide variation in percentages is probably attributable to the different patient groups investigated and to the even greater variety of diagnostic methods. Structured psychiatric interviews may contribute to a better evaluation of the true prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in temporal lobe epilepsy.
mRNA of the <i>OY-TES-1</i> gene in peripheral blood and tumors in colorectal cancer
Authors: Hilal N. R. , Novikov D. V. , Yakimov V. N. , Pegov R. G. , Novikov V. V. 
Published: October 2023

Background. One of the testicular cancer genes is the OY-TES-1 gene, which encodes a proacrosin-binding protein. This gene is known to be expressed in tumor cells.Aim. To determinate the detection frequency of OY-TES-1 matrix ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in the peripheral blood and tumor of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in comparison with the clinical features of the course of a disease in order to assess the potential monitoring significance of this indicator.Materials and methods. A method for determining the level of OY-TES-1 mRNA based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The detection frequency of mRNA OY-TES-1 gene in blood and tumor samples of 66 patients with CRC, as well as the blood of healthy volunteers, was evaluated.Results. In the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers, no OY-TES-1 mRNA was detected. In the blood of CRC patients, OY-TES-1 mRNA was detected in 13.6 % of cases. In tumors, it was found in 60,6 % of cases. OY-TES-1 mRNA in the blood and in tumor of patients with CRC was detected statistically significantly more often at stages III and IV than at stages I and II (11,0 and 4,5 times, respectively), and also many times more often in tumors with a low degree of differentiation than with highly differentiated tumors. In patients with CRC, the OY-TES-1 mRNA in tumors with metastases in organs and lymph nodes was detected many times more often than in tumors without any metastases (by 16,4 and 17,4 times respectively).Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the absence of mRNA OY-TES-1gene in the blood of healthy individuals, the appearance of mRNA OY-TES-1 gene in the blood of CRC patients, and the possibility of using the detection of mRNA OY-TES-1 gene in the blood as an additional informative monitoring marker for colorectal cancer.
Detection of a status of microsatellite instability in tumors of patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovaries and/or of uterine corpus
Authors: Aniskina A. S. , Payanidi J. G. , Stroganova A. M. , Manina I. V. , Zhordania K. I. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Multiple primary malignant neoplasms of female reproductive organs are a rare pathology. However, over the past decades, there has been an upsurge of interest in the study of this phenomenon in oncology. This is particularly the case for the diagnosis of synchronous endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovaries and uterine corpus, which histogenetically belong to the same germ layer and have similar histological structure. Until recently, clinicians relied only on morphological examination in these cases, but with the development of molecular genetic technologies, new diagnostic possibilities have emerged.Aim. Is the detection of the status of microsatellite instability in tumors of patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovaries and/or uterine corpus.Materials and Methods. A pilot retrospective molecular genetic study (n = 48) was conducted to determine the status of microsatellite instability (MSI) in the tumors of the ovaries and/or uterine corpus: it involved 33 patients with solitary endometrioid ovarian cancer and 15 patients with synchronous endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovaries and uterine corpus. Microsatellite instability status was detected using PCR method with subsequent fragment analysis performed on ABI PRISM 3500 genetic analyzer (8 capillaries, Applied Biosystems). DNA was isolated from paraffin blocks of surgical specimens using DNAsorb B extraction kit (AmpliSens, Russia), according to the manufacturer’s manual. DNA concentration was estimated fluorometrically using Qubit 2.0 (Life Technologies, USA). The obtained data were analyzed using GeneMapper program (Thermo Fisher, USA). In case of polymorphism of two and more markers high-level microsatellite instability (MSI-H) was observed.Results. The incidence of MSI-H in solitary endometrioid ovarian cancer (n = 33) was 12,1 % (4 cases), while in synchronous ovarian and uterine corpus tumors (n = 15) MSI-H incidence made up 20 % (n = 3). Herewith, there have been only cases of a combination of endometrioid histotypes of ovarian and endometrial cancer with identical status of microsatellite instability. Thus, the incidence of MSI-H in synchronous endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovaries and uterine corpus (20 %) is comparable to that in solitary endometrial cancer.Conclusion. Our pilot study became a significant complement to the previously published materials, as it allowed to confirm the clonal origin of tumors in patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovaries and uterine corpus, that can affect the stratification of treatment strategy for this category of patients.
Constraining Wave Velocities for Shallow Depths on Mars
Authors: Mun Eunbi , Kim Byungmin 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy, and Heat Transport (InSight) landed on Mars on the Elysium Planitia. The InSight had a Seismic Experiment for Internal Structure (SEIS), which contained seismometers that recorded numerous marsquake seismograms. In this study, we propose shear (S)-wave velocity (VS) and compression (P)-wave velocity (VP) profiles at the InSight landing site on Mars by analyzing the initial portions of P-wave seismograms and incidence angles of the six marsquakes. High-quality, low-frequency seismograms are collected. Using the P-wave seismogram method, which is validated for various regions on Earth, we estimate VS values up to a depth of 3400 m. In addition, we compute the incidence angle of the P-wave for the top layer based on the ratio of the initial P-wave amplitude in the radial direction to that in the vertical direction. By hypothesizing the VP profile, we estimate the incidence angles of the P-wave for the other layers, as well as the epicentral distances. Finally, we propose a VP profile up to a depth of 3400 m that minimizes the misfit between the estimated and known epicentral distances. We confirm that the proposed VS and VP profiles agree with those of previous studies.
Fireworks: A Potential Artificial Source for Imaging Near-Surface Structures
Authors: Chu Risheng , Wang Qingdong , Peng Zhigang , Sheng Minhan , Liu Qiaoxia , Chen Haopeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Seismic waves induced by incident acoustic waves from air disturbances can be used to image near-surface structures. In this article, we analyze seismic waveforms recorded by a dense array on the Xishancun landside in Li County, Sichuan Province, southwest China during the Lunar New Year’s Eve (27 January 2017). A total of eight event clusters have been identified as a result of firework explosions. For each cluster, which comprises dozens of individual events with high similarity, we manually pick arrival times of the first event recorded by the array and locate it with a grid-search method. We then rotate three-component waveforms of all events from the east, north, and vertical coordinate system to the local LQT coordinates (L, positive direction perpendicular to the landslide surface and pointing downwards; Q, positive direction is from the launch location of firework to the station along the landslide surface; T, perpendicular to the plane formed by the L and Q directions, and the selected positive direction of the T axis makes LQT form the left-hand coordinate system), and stack the LQT components for those events with cross-correlation values CC ≥ 0.8 with respect to the first event. Characteristics of the stacked LQT components are also examined. The particle motions at each station are retrograde ellipse in the frequency range of ∼5–50 Hz, suggesting air-coupled Rayleigh waves generated by the firework explosions. Spectrograms of the Rayleigh waves also show clear dispersions, which might be used to image near-surface velocity structures. Although we cannot directly extract the phase velocities due to the limitation of the seismic array, our study shows that the fireworks might provide a low-cost and easy-to-use seismic source for imaging near-surface structures.
Beat-to-beat continuous blood pressure estimation with optimal feature set of PPG and ECG signals using deep recurrent neural networks
Authors: Chen Hanjie , Lyu Liangyi , Zeng Zezhen , Jin Yanwei , Zhang Yuanting 
Published: October 2023

Aim: Continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring can provide invaluable information for cardiovascular disease (CVD) diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to develop a deep recurrent neural network (RNN) model with an optimal feature set of photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals for continuous BP estimation.
Methods: This paper presents a novel deep recurrent neural network (RNN), which consists of 2-layered bidirectional Long Short-term Memory (Bi-LSTM) and 6-layered LSTM networks. It is used to estimate BP based on the optimal feature set of PPG and ECG signals. In this work, the optimal feature set is determined using five different feature selection methods.
Results: The proposed method is evaluated based on 660 subjects from the University of California Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository. The RNN model with optimal feature set achieved root mean square error (RMSE) of 3.223 and 1.781 mmHg for systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), respectively. It also showed mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.514 and 1.383 mmHg for SBP and DBP, respectively. Regarding the British Hypertension Society (BHS) standard, the results attained grade A for the estimation of SBP and DBP.
Conclusion: The experimental results suggest that the proposed deep RNN model with an optimal feature set can improve the performance of BP prediction. Thus, it is possible to further apply our proposed method to develop a wearable device for real-time BP monitoring.
The role of PASS and STITCH in the verification of unknown properties of pyruvate and lactate. Literature review and fragments of authors’ own research
Authors: Kolotyeva N. A. , Gilmiyarova F. N. , Gusyakova O. A. , Semashkova E. A. 
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study was to identify the predicted spectrum of biological activity of pyruvate and lactate using modern computer modeling methods and to determine potential protein partners in intermolecular interaction.Materials and methods. The biological activity spectrum of pyruvate and lactate by the structural formula was determined using the PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) software. Potential protein interaction partners for small molecules were predicted using the Search Tool for Interactions Chemicals (STITCH).Results. Analyzing the obtained results in silico reveals that pyruvate and lactate exhibit diverse biological activities, molecular mechanisms, and pharmacological effects. These include regulation of lipid, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism and effects on enzyme activity and gene expression. The data on the antihypoxic, antiischemic, antitoxic, immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory, antiviral, vasoprotective, and cytoprotective effects are presented. The neuroprotective and antineurotoxic effects of pyruvate and lactate are predicted.Conclusion. The spectrum of biological activities of lactate and pyruvate were revealed by computer modeling methods, and protein interaction partners were characterized. The small molecules we studied have a coordinating role in the functioning and modulation of mediator, hormonal, receptor, immune, inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral responses and gene expression. The use of natural intermediates as therapeutic agents for the treatment of ischemic stroke, acute neurological disorders, and neurodegeneration is discussed, which is underlain by the stimulating effect of metabolites on neuroplasticity. These properties may be manifested through conformational rearrangement of receptors, active binding centers, expression of multiple genes, and changes in the functional manifestations of catalytic and other proteins. The obtained data will obviously expand our understanding of the role of small molecules in intermolecular metabolite – protein interactions.
Diabetic ketoacidosis and cognitive impairment in children and adolescents
Authors: Magomedova K. Sh. , Bykov Yu. V. , Baturin V. A. 
Published: October 2023

The aim of the literature review was to highlight modern scientific sources on the formation and clinical manifestations of cognitive impairment in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) after diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Type 1 DM is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders in childhood and adolescence. DKA is the most common acute complication of type 1 DM that may cause cognitive impairment. Cerebral edema is the main cause of cerebral vascular insufficiency in patients with DKA. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of cognitive dysfunction in DKA have not been fully elucidated.The leading hypotheses include development of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, disruption of neurogenesis, and neurodegeneration. Hypoxic – ischemic injury and changes in the brain neuroanatomy may also cause cognitive dysfunction. Disruption of some brain structures has been reported after DKA episodes, primarily affecting the white matter. Clinical studies in the pediatric population support the presence of a correlation between the severity and frequency of DKA and the severity of cognitive impairment. Cognitive dysfunction in children and adolescents after a DKA episode can manifest through decreased attention, impaired memory and executive function, and reduced IQ. The earliest possible diagnosis of cognitive impairment in pediatric patients with symptoms of DKA in the context of type 1 DM can improve the treatment prognosis for this endocrinopathy.
Application of a hydrogel derived from porcine dermis for experimental treatment of superficial wounds
Authors: Melkonyan K. I. , Kozmay Ya. A. , Rusinova T. V. , Chuprynin G. P. , Kartashevskaya M. I. , Kartashevsky I. I. , Storozhuk S. V. , Selezneva I. I. , Gurevich K. G. 
Published: October 2023

Aim. To study the efficacy of dermal hydrogel application in the experimental treatment of superficial scarified wounds in rats.Materials and methods. The hydrogel was obtained from porcine dermis by alkaline hydrolysis. The DNA concentration was determined using the Nano Drop ND-1000 spectrophotometer. The study included 30 male Sphinx rats. Scarified wounds were created on the rat skin, then the rats were divided into two groups: group 1 – rats without treatment, or control group (n = 15), group 2 – rats with wound treatment with the dermal hydrogel for 5 days, or experimental group (n = 15). On day 3, 7, and 14 of the experiment, we explanted skin samples from the wound area and performed routine H&E staining.Results. On day 3 of the experiment, moderate inflammation, edema, and collagen fiber disorganization were revealed in the experimental group, and pronounced inflammation with purulent exudate was found in the control group. On day 7 of the experiment, inflammation and foci of stratified epithelium were detected in the control group. The histologic analysis of the skin samples from the experimental group showed pronounced plethora of the vessels, necrotic changes of the dermis, and edema. The total thickness of the epidermis and the thickness of its stratum corneum were greater than in the control group samples. On day 14, the differences between the groups were minimal and the epidermis was thickened in the experimental group animals.Conclusion. The study examined the effects of the dermal hydrogel on scarified wounds in rats. We found faster skin regeneration (by 1.5–2 days) in the experimental group compared to the controls. Besides, the rats of the experimental group were characterized by an increase in the number of fibroblasts in the dermis and thickened epidermis in the affected area.
A direct comparison of the diagnostic efficacy of alternative scaffoldbased radiopharmaceuticals [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]Tc-(HE)<sub>3</sub>-G3 in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer
Authors: Bragina O. D. , Deyev S. M. , Garbukov E. Yu. , Goldberg V. E. , Chernov V. I. , Tolmachev V. M. 
Published: October 2023

Aim. To perform a direct comparison of the diagnostic efficacy of [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [99mTc]Tc-(HE) -G3 in HER2-positive breast cancer patients before the systemic treatment.Materials and methods. The study included 11 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (T1–4N0–2M0–1) before the initiation of systemic treatment. All patients underwent a radionuclide examination with [99mTc]TcADAPT6 and [99mTc]Tc-(HE) -G3 with the interval of 3–4 days. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) /computed tomography (CT) was performed 2 and 4 hours after [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [99mTc]Tc(HE)3-G3 administration, respectively.Results. The analysis of [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [99mTc]Tc-(HE) -G3 distribution showed their high uptake in the kidneys and liver. Breast tumors were visualized in all cases. The average tumor uptake of [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 was 4.7 ± 2.1, which was significantly higher than in the [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 injection (3.5 ± 1.7) (p < 0.005, paired t-test). The tumor-to-background ratio (15.2 ± 7.4 and 19.6 ± 12.4, respectively) had no statistical differences in both cases (p > 0.05, paired t-test). Liver metastases were visualized in patients 1 and 5 and corresponded to the projection of metastases according to contrast-enhanced abdominal CT. The accumulation of [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 in the projection of metastases in both cases was significantly higher compared to the primary tumor (1.3 and 1.7 times higher in patient 1; 2.2 and 3.5 times higher in patient 5, respectively).Conclusion. Both [99mTc]Tc-ADAPT6 and [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 demonstrated the diagnostic efficacy in visualizing a primary HER2-positive tumor in breast cancer patients. However, [99mTc]Tc-ADEPT6 had higher accumulation values, which makes it a more promising diagnostic agent.