bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological intervention priorities according to perinatal women who experienced suicidal thoughts and perinatal mental health professionals: a Q-methodology study
Authors: Reid Holly E. , Pratt Daniel , Edge Dawn , Wittkowski Anja 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSuicide is the leading direct cause of maternal death in the year following birth and the second leading cause during pregnancy, in the UK and Ireland. Currently no evidence-based psychological interventions exist specifically designed to reduce mothers’ suicidal experiences during the perinatal period. Reducing suicidal ideation and behaviour in mothers is a priority to prevent deaths and lessen the distress felt by mothers and their families. As Q-methodology measures the consensus and disagreement between individuals on a given topic, the current study used Q-methodology to elicit the priorities for a future psychological intervention aimed at reducing suicidal ideation and behaviour during the perinatal period, from the collective perspectives of both mothers and professionals.MethodAs part of this Q-methodology study, we developed a Q-set of 75 statements pertaining to possible elements of a psychological intervention that might help reduce a mother’s suicidal ideation and behaviour during the perinatal period. Mothers and professionals were recruited via perinatal mental health services and social media advertisements.ResultsTwenty-one mothers and 11 perinatal mental health professionals ranked each Q-set statement depending on its perceived importance in developing a new intervention. A centroid factor analysis was conducted and two factors, which accounted for 42% of the overall variance, were identified: Factor 1 “supporting the mother to create distance between herself and the appeal of suicide” and Factor 2 “establishing positive connections with the therapist, the baby and motherhood.” All participants believed that developing plans to keep the mother safe from suicide was the most important aspect for inclusion in a future intervention. Participants who loaded onto Factor 1 also prioritised supporting mothers to learn more about triggers for their suicidal ideation and behaviour. Ensuring a robust therapeutic alliance was more important for those who loaded onto Factor 2.ConclusionThis is the first study using Q-methodology to explore the psychological intervention priorities of mothers and professionals. Findings indicate clear priorities in terms of planning and coping during a crisis, endorsed by all participants, and provide an initial step in the development of a new perinatal suicide prevention intervention.
The sense of loneliness and meaning in life in post-COVID convalescents—a preliminary study
Authors: Sipowicz Kasper , Pietras Tadeusz , Mosiołek Anna , Sobstyl Michał , Ring Michał , Kamecki Krystian , Stefańczyk Ignacy , Kosmalski Marcin 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 epidemic has provided opportunity to study the impact of a well-defined severe illness on the development of a depressive episode and the associated sense of loneliness and lack of meaning in life.Materials and MethodsThe aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of a reactive depressive episode, the severity of depression, a sense of loneliness and meaning in life in subjects who approximately a year earlier than the date of the study had suffered from a pulmonary form of SARS-CoV-2 infection with radiologically documented interstitial lesions of the lungs, requiring and not requiring hospitalization compared to people who did not develop the disease as a result of infection with that virus. The study included 63 subjects hospitalized for pulmonary lesions, 67 not hospitalized and 60 healthy controls. The severity of depressive symptoms was measured using a Polish-language standardized version of the Beck Depression Inventory, a sense of loneliness using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, and a sense of meaning in life using the Life Attitude Profile-Revised.ResultsThe frequency of depression and its severity were found to be the highest in hospitalized patients compared to those treated at home and healthy people. A significant difference in the frequency of depression and its severity between outpatients and healthy people was also observed. The feeling of loneliness turned out to be greatest in the group of hospitalized people. Also, the severity of loneliness was found to be higher in the outpatient compared to the control group. The sense of meaning in life reached its lowest level among hospitalized patients, was moderately reduced in the outpatient group, and typical of the Polish population in the control group.DiscussionBoth pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization have been shown to be a risk factor for depression, increased feeling of loneliness and a reduced sense of meaning in life. The effect of trauma and the presence of depression can be the explanation for the increased sense of loneliness after the illness and the partial breakdown of the lifeline manifested by a decrease in the sense of meaning in life.
The influence of peer’s social networks on adolescent’s cannabis use: a systematic review of longitudinal studies
Authors: Torrejón-Guirado María-Carmen , Baena-Jiménez Miguel Ángel , Lima-Serrano Marta , de Vries Hein , Mercken Liesbeth 
Published: December 2023

AimA systematic review was performed to summarize the key findings of the peer influence on cannabis use through Social Network Analysis (SNA) studies and identify limitations and gaps with the purpose of informing future research and practice. Longitudinal studies were included since they provide robust information about social relationships change over time.BackgroundAdolescents’ cannabis use is a global problem, which has awakened an interest in its determinants such as social influences. Research has shown the importance of these influences on cannabis uptake and use. SNA is an useful relational approach to examine socialization mechanisms related to the onset of cannabis use in adolescents.MethodA search was conducted in PyscINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for longitudinal articles published until February 2023, to examine cannabis use and peer’s social networks. We focus on peers’ influence of peers on cannabis use. Additionally, information about effect of cannabis use for peer selection was collected.ResultsThe results of the included studies (n = 8) showed that friends’ cannabis use was most often/strongly associated with cannabis use. There was also an increase of cannabis use when the adolescent did not feel close to the school’s peers, had a higher proportion of friendships relative to the total number of ties in the neighborhood, had a central position, did not belong to any group but had ties to members of two or more groups, had cannabis user friends (especially in early ages), and lived in a neighborhood where cannabis was used.ConclusionCannabis use is mainly related to friends’ use. Yet, future studies are warranted to control for relevant selection effects to further knowledge on network effects on cannabis use, improving the design, and improving the modeling of the network. This systematic review may inform about the critical aspects of preventing cannabis use among adolescents, taking into consideration their complex social environment.
Burnout, emotional distress and sleep quality among Chinese psychiatric healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a follow-up study
Authors: Xiong Na-na , Fan Teng-teng , Liu Qi , Fritzsche Kurt , Leonhart Rainer , Stein Barbara , Waller Christiane , Müller Markus M. 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundDifferent from the very early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, burnout and chronic mental health problems among health care workers (HCWs) has become a challenge. Research is lacking on the relationship between burnout, stress, emotional distress and sleep quality.MethodsThe Chinese center has been involved in the Cope-Corona project since the second survey (T2). Named after the project, a total of three cross-sectional surveys were distributed: T2 (February 16–20, 2021), T3 (May 10–14, 2022), and T4 (December 20–24, 2022). Burnout, depression, anxiety, sleep quality, workplace factors and individual resources were measured. Using the T4 data, we conducted structural equation model (SEM) to examine the mediating role of burnout in predicting emotional distress and sleep quality.Results96, 124, and 270 HCWs were enrolled at T2, T3, and T4, respectively. In line with the epidemic trends, the level of perceived COVID-19 related risks was significantly higher at T4, while the feeling of health and safety decreased significantly. At T4, the percentages of participants with clinically significant levels of depression and anxiety symptoms were 18.9% (51/270) and 9.3% (25/270), respectively, while 30.4% (82/270) of them reported poor or very poor sleep quality. According to the SEM, individual resources and workplace factors mainly had an indirect effect in predicting depression and anxiety via burnout. However, neither burnout nor stress was a mediator or predictor of sleep quality. Instead, individual resources, positive workplace factors, and younger age had a direct effect in predicting good sleep quality.ConclusionMeasures designed to enhance workplace factors and individual resources should be implemented to improve psychosomatic wellbeing of HCWs.
Knowledge, attitudes and prevention practices related to dog-mediated rabies in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies from inception to 2023
Authors: Woldegeorgis Beshada Zerfu , Genebo Amanuel Paulos , Gebrekidan Amanuel Yosef , Kassie Gizachew Ambaw , Azeze Gedion Asnake , Asgedom Yordanos Sisay 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundRabies is a horrific and neglected zoonotic disease that kills thousands of people worldwide each year and continues to pose threats to public health. Prevention and control of dog-transmitted rabies require mapping the level of understanding, perception, and existing practices to minimize its impacts on health. Therefore, we undertook this systematic review and meta-analysis to pool evidence from available data on knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices regarding the disease from studies conducted in various areas of Ethiopia.MethodsArticles were searched in electronic bibliographic medical databases such as the Excerpta Medica database, PubMed, Web of Science, African Journals Online, Google Scholar, and Scopus. We used Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and STATA software version 16 for the data excerption and analysis, respectively. The variability among studies was evaluated via Higgins and Thompson’s I2 statistics and the x2 test (significant at p ≤ 0.1). The Dersimonian and Laird random-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled effect at a 95% uncertainty interval (UI). Visual inspection and Egger’s test (significant at p ≤ 0.05) were used to identify the presence of small-study effects.ResultsThe search identified 1,249 electronic records. Of them, 27 studies involving 11,150 participants met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of a good level of knowledge was 62.24% (95% UI: 48.56, 75.92). Furthermore, the pooled prevalence of a favorable level of attitudes towards rabies and a good level of rabies prevention practices was only 56.73% (95% UI: 47.16, 66.29) and 52.73% (95% UI: 43.32, 62.15), respectively.ConclusionThe study revealed credible gaps in attitudes and prevention practices, though some level of knowledge about dog-mediated rabies was demonstrated. Therefore, we call for country-wide cross-sectoral collaboration to allow for the realization of a global elimination strategy for dog-mediated human rabies.
California’s Comprehensive Perinatal Services Program and birth outcomes
Authors: Lopes Snehal S. , Shi Ahan , Chen Liwei , Li Jian , Meschke Laurie L. 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionCalifornia’s Medicaid (Medi-Cal) sponsors Comprehensive Perinatal Services Program (CPSP), a program with enhanced perinatal care for women (more education, nutritional supplements, and psychosocial counseling/support). Past evaluations of CPSP’s effectiveness in birth outcomes were limited to pilot programs and yielded mixed results.MethodsWe used 2012–2016 California’s statewide data about singleton live births with any receipt of prenatal care (N = 2,385,811) to examine whether Medi-Cal with CPSP enrollment was associated with lower odds of preterm birth (PTB), spontaneous PTB, and low birthweight (LBW) than non-CPSP births. With three binary variables of PTB, spontaneous PTB, and LBW as the response variables, three multilevel logistic models were used to compare the outcomes of participants enrolled in Medi-Cal with CPSP against those with private insurance, adjusting for maternal factors and county-level covariates.ResultsLogistic models showed that participants enrolled to Medi-Cal with CPSP [n (%) = 89,009 (3.7)] had lower odds of PTB, spontaneous PTB and LBW, respectively, as compared with those with private insurance [n (%) = 1,133,140 (47.2)]. Within the Medi-Cal sub-population, the CPSP enrollment was associated with lower odds of PTB, SPTB and LBW than Medicaid beneficiaries without CPSP [n (%) = 967,094 (40.3)].DiscussionWith statewide data, these findings revealed a robust link between CPSP enrollment and better birth outcomes. Expanding access to comprehensive prenatal services could be an important strategy to improve birth outcomes.
Analysis of postoperative pulmonary complications after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: development and validation of a nomogram
Authors: Zhou Ling , Li Yuanna , Ni Yuanbo , Liu Cunming 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundPostoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are common in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy. The aim of our study was to investigate the perioperative risk factors and to develop a nomogram to identify patients who are at significant risk of PPCs.MethodsThe clinical data of gastric cancer patients who underwent elective gastrectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively collected. All patients were randomly divided into a training and a validation cohort at a ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate analysis were applied to identify the independent risk factors that might predict PPCs, and a nomogram was constructed. Both discrimination and calibration abilities were estimated by the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration curves. The clinical effectiveness of the nomogram was further quantified with the decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsOf 2,124 included patients, one hundred and fifty patients (7.1%) developed PPCs. Binary logistic analysis showed that age &gt; 65 years, higher total cholesterol level, longer duration of surgery, total gastrectomy, and the dose of oxycodone &gt; 5.5 mg were independent risk factors for the occurrence of PPCs, which were contained in the nomogram. The predictive nomogram showed good discrimination and calibration [an AUC of 0.735 (95% CI: 0.687–0.783) in a training cohort and 0.781 (95% CI: 0.715–0.847) in a validation cohort]. The calibration curve and decision curve analysis showed a good agreement between nomogram predictions and actual observations.ConclusionWe developed a nomogram model based on age, total cholesterol, extent of resection, duration of surgery, and the dose of oxycodone to predict the risk of PPCs in gastric cancer patients after elective gastrectomy.
Unraveling the link: locomotor activity exerts a dual role in predicting Achilles tendon healing and boosting regeneration in mice
Authors: Faydaver Melisa , El Khatib Mohammad , Russo Valentina , Rigamonti Mara , Raspa Marcello , Di Giacinto Oriana , Berardinelli Paolo , Mauro Annunziata , Scavizzi Ferdinando , Bonaventura Fabrizio , Mastrorilli Valentina , Valbonetti Luca , Barboni Barbara 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionTendon disorders present significant challenges in the realm of musculoskeletal diseases, affecting locomotor activity and causing pain. Current treatments often fall short of achieving complete functional recovery of the tendon. It is crucial to explore, in preclinical research, the pathways governing the loss of tissue homeostasis and its regeneration. In this context, this study aimed to establish a correlation between the unbiased locomotor activity pattern of CRL:CD1 (ICR) mice exposed to uni- or bilateral Achilles tendon (AT) experimental injuries and the key histomorphometric parameters that influence tissue microarchitecture recovery.MethodsThe study involved the phenotyping of spontaneous and voluntary locomotor activity patterns in male mice using digital ventilated cages (DVC®) with access to running wheels either granted or blocked. The mice underwent non-intrusive 24/7 long-term activity monitoring for the entire study period. This period included 7 days of pre-injury habituation followed by 28 days post-injury.Results and discussionThe results revealed significant variations in activity levels based on the type of tendon injury and access to running wheels. Notably, mice with bilateral lesions and unrestricted wheel access exhibited significantly higher activity after surgery. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, including COL1 deposition and organization, blood vessel remodeling, and metaplasia, as well as cytological tendon parameters, such as cell alignment and angle deviation were enhanced in surgical (bilateral lesion) and husbandry (free access to wheels) groups. Interestingly, correlation matrix analysis uncovered a strong relationship between locomotion and microarchitecture recovery (cell alignment and angle deviation) during tendon healing. Overall, this study highlights the potential of using mice activity metrics obtained from a home-cage monitoring system to predict tendon microarchitecture recovery at both cellular and ECM levels. This provides a scalable experimental setup to address the challenging topic of tendon regeneration using innovative and animal welfare-compliant strategies.
Effect of experimental periodontitis on cardiac functions: a comprehensive study using echocardiography, hemodynamic analysis, and histopathological evaluation in a rat model
Authors: Elhaieg Asmaa , Farag Ahmed , Elfadadny Ahmed , Yokoi Aimi , Hendawy Hanan , Mandour Ahmed S. , Tanaka Ryou 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPeriodontitis is a prevalent and severe dental condition characterized by the gradual degradation of the bone surrounding the teeth. Over the past two decades, numerous epidemiological investigations have suggested a potential link between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. However, the complex mechanistic relationship between oral health issues and cardiovascular disorders remains unclear.AimThis study aimed to explore comprehensively the cardiac function through various methods, including conventional echocardiography, intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPG) analysis, speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), and hemodynamics analysis.MethodsLigature-induced periodontitis was established in a group of rats while the second group served as sham. The successful establishment of the periodontitis model was confirmed through staining and radiographic examination of the affected mandibles.ResultsX-ray films and methylene blue staining revealed alveolar bone resorption in the affected first molar in the model rats, confirming the successful induction of periodontitis. The rats with periodontitis displayed a decrease in ejection fraction compared to the sham group, accompanied by a decrease in mid-to-apical IVPG and mid IVPG. Lower values of strain rate were recorded in the apical segment of the septum, the middle segment of the septum, and the basal segment of the lateral free wall in the periodontitis group, which was associated with histopathological examination showing some degree of myocardial tissue damage. Conversely, rats with periodontitis showed an increase in heart rate, end-systolic volume, and arterial elastance when compared to the sham rats. However, they also exhibited a decrease in stroke work, stroke volume, cardiac output, and end-systolic pressure.ConclusionThis study suggests that experimental periodontitis may lead to cardiac dysfunction especially compromised systolic function and myocardial relaxation, potentially indicating an increased risk of cardiovascular events in clinical periodontitis cases. The comprehensive assessment of cardiac function, hemodynamics, and histopathological evaluation underscores the profound impact of periodontitis on heart functions within this specific experimental model.
Mechanical Alloying as a Way to Produce Metastable Single-Phase High-Entropy Alloys beyond the Stability Criteria
Authors: Santiago-Andrades Lucía , Vidal-Crespo Antonio , Blázquez Javier S. , Ipus Jhon J. , Conde Clara F. 
Published: December 2023

Various stability criteria developed for high-entropy alloys are applied to compositions produced by mechanical alloying. While they agree with the annealed samples, these criteria fail to describe the as-milled metastable systems, highlighting the ability of mechanical alloying to overcome the limitations imposed by these criteria. The criteria are based on atomic size (Ω ≥ 1.1 and δr ≤ 6.6%) and/or electronegativity misfit, as well as on mixing enthalpy (Λ>0.95 J mol−1K−1 and −5 kJ mol−1<∆Hmix<0), or purely thermodynamic (ϕYe>20; ϕKing>1; Teff<500 K). These criteria are applied to several compositions found in the literature and to two metastable fcc solid solutions produced by mechanical alloying with compositions Al0.75CoXFeNi with X = Cr and Mn. Single-phase microstructures are stable up to above 600 K, leading to more stable multiphase systems after annealing above this temperature. Mössbauer spectrometry shows that, whereas the alloy with Cr is paramagnetic in the as-milled and annealed state, the alloy with Mn changes from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic behavior (Curie temperature ~700 K) after annealing. Thermomagnetic experiments on annealed samples show for both compositions some hysteretic events at high temperatures (850 to 1000 K), probably ascribed to reversible ordering phenomena.
Mass Distribution and Maximum Mass of Neutron Stars: Effects of Orbital Inclination Angle
Authors: Rocha Lívia S. , Horvath Jorge E. , de Sá Lucas M. , Chinen Gustavo Y. , Barão Lucas G. , de Avellar Marcio G. B. 
Published: December 2023

Matter at ultra-high densities finds a physical realization inside neutron stars. One key property is their maximum mass, which has far-reaching implications for astrophysics and the equation of state of ultra dense matter. In this work, we employ Bayesian analysis to scrutinize the mass distribution and maximum mass threshold of galactic neutron stars. We compare two distinct models to assess the impact of assuming a uniform distribution for the most important quantity, the cosine of orbital inclination angles (i), which has been a common practice in previous analyses. This prevailing assumption yields a maximum mass of 2.25 M⊙ (2.15–3.32 M⊙ within 90% confidence), with a strong peak around the maximum value. However, in the second model, which indirectly includes observational constraints of i, the analysis supports a mass limit of 2.56−0.58+0.87M⊙ (2σ uncertainty), a result that points in the same direction as some recent results gathered from gravitational wave observations, although their statistics are still limited. This work stresses the importance of an accurate treatment of orbital inclination angles, and contributes to the ongoing debate about the maximum neutron star mass, further emphasizing the critical role of uncertainties in the individual neutron star mass determinations.