bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital transformation of the promotion of educational services of Kazakhstani universities
Authors: Zarubina Venera , Zarubin Mikhail , Yessenkulova Zhaukhar , Salimbayeva Rassima , Satbaeva Gulbarshyn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDigital channels have become the modern priority channels for promoting educational services. Integration into the international educational space, changes in the priority of communication channels, and digital transformation have led to the need to rethink existing approaches to the digital promotion of educational services of Kazakhstani universities. Particular interest in modernizing the promotion of educational services is caused by the fact that representatives of the new generation, Generation Z, are now becoming consumers of educational services. The basis of this study was the analysis of digital promotion channels as the main source of information and value, the needs of generation Z, who are now becoming the main consumers of the services of universities, including those in Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to determine the priorities for the digital promotion of educational services, to build a model for the digital promotion of university educational services, taking into account the needs of key consumers—generation Z, digital channels, and educational programs of the university. Hypothesis: priorities for digital promotion of educational services of universities should be differentiated depending on the popularity and technical parameters of the sites. The web resources similarweb.com, pagespeed.web.dev, wordstat.yandex.ru, sitechecker.pro were used as analysis tools. A correlation analysis of queries on university websites and the core values of generation Z was carried out. The closeness of the pairwise correlation between the total number of visits and website performance, search engine optimization, recommendations, and special features was determined. Based on the research, a model for promoting the university’s educational services has been structured, highlighting key components: educational programs, digital technologies, and the values of generation Z.
Survival and treatment in older patients with ewing sarcoma: an analysis of the national cancer database
Authors: Braaten Marco , Braaten Jacob , Chaddha Jasleen , Hu Robert , Lanoue Connor , Silberstein Peter , Tauseef Abubakar , Asghar Noureen , Mirza Mohsin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is a malignancy which primarily arises in adolescence and has been studied extensively in this population. Much less is known about the rare patient cohort over the age of 40 at diagnosis. In this study, we describe the survival outcomes and clinical characteristics of this population.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study utilized the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to identify 4600 patients diagnosed between 2004 through 2019. Of these patients, 4058 were under the age of 40 and 542 were over 40. Propensity score 1:1 matching was performed according to sex and race. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to generate odds ratios (OR) and a Multivariate Cox regression model was used to generate a hazard ratio (HR) for patients over 40. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to estimate survival from diagnosis to death between age groups. Chi-square tests were used to compare demographic and socioeconomic patient characteristics. IBM statistics version 27.0 was used. p < 0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance.

Results
EWS patients older than 40 experienced worse survival outcomes compared to patients under the age of 40. 5-year survival was 44.6% for older patients vs. 61.8% for younger patients (p < 0.05). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that age was independently associated with inferior survival. (HR 1.96; p < 0.05). EWS patients over the age of 40 were more likely to have tumors originating from the vertebral column (16.1% vs 8.9%; p < 0.05) and cranium (5.3% vs. 2.9%; p < 0.05) and had a higher rate of axial tumors (31.6% vs. 18.5%; p < 0.05) compared to patients under 40. Additionally, patients older than 40 experienced a significantly longer delay between the date of diagnosis and initiation of systemic treatment (36.7 days vs. 24.8 days; p < 0.05) and were less likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy (93.4% vs. 97.9%; p < 0.05).

Conclusion
An age over 40 is associated with decreased survival for patients with EWS. Due to the rarity of EWS in this cohort, the optimal role of systemic treatment remains unknown and has yet to be clearly elucidated. Consequently, our findings suggest that older patients receive disparities in treatment which may be contributing to decreased survival rates.
Refining mutanome-based individualised immunotherapy of melanoma using artificial intelligence
Authors: Zakariya Farida , Salem Fatma K. , Alamrain Abdulwhhab Abu , Sanker Vivek , Abdelazeem Zainab G. , Hosameldin Mohamed , Tan Joecelyn Kirani , Howard Rachel , Huang Helen , Awuah Wireko Andrew 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsing the particular nature of melanoma mutanomes to develop medicines that activate the immune system against specific mutations is a game changer in immunotherapy individualisation. It offers a viable solution to the recent rise in resistance to accessible immunotherapy alternatives, with some patients demonstrating innate resistance to these drugs despite past sensitisation to these agents. However, various obstacles stand in the way of this method, most notably the practicality of sequencing each patient's mutanome, selecting immunotherapy targets, and manufacturing specific medications on a large scale. With the robustness and advancement in research techniques, artificial intelligence (AI) is a potential tool that can help refine the mutanome-based immunotherapy for melanoma. Mutanome-based techniques are being employed in the development of immune-stimulating vaccines, improving current options such as adoptive cell treatment, and simplifying immunotherapy responses. Although the use of AI in these approaches is limited by data paucity, cost implications, flaws in AI inference capabilities, and the incapacity of AI to apply data to a broad population, its potential for improving immunotherapy is limitless. Thus, in-depth research on how AI might help the individualisation of immunotherapy utilising knowledge of mutanomes is critical, and this should be at the forefront of melanoma management.
Smallholder aquaculture diversifies livelihoods and diets thus improving food security status: evidence from northern Zambia
Authors: Kaminski Alexander M. , Cole Steven M. , Johnson Jacob , Thilsted Shakuntala H. , Lundeba Mary , Genschick Sven , Little David C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Much has been made of the potential for aquaculture to improve rural livelihoods and food and nutrition security in Africa, though little evidence exists to back such claims. This study, conducted in northern Zambia, assessed the benefits of adopting aquaculture by comparing a sample of households with (n = 177) and without fishponds (n = 174).

Results
On-farm food production was assessed by summing all crop and livestock activities and calculating a production diversity score (PDS) of key food groups. Aquaculture households had greater crop diversification and were more associated with key nutritious foods grown on the farm, possibly due to additional water irrigation capabilities. A greater diversity of cultivated crops led to better household dietary diversity scores (HDDS). We further assessed the frequency of consumption of 53 food items (including 30 fish species) over a period of 4 weeks via a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Using the Simpson’s Index, aquaculture households had greater diversity and evenness in the distribution of foods and fish species consumed, particularly for foods grown on the farm. Using livelihood and dietary factors in a multilevel probit regression on the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), we found that adopting aquaculture gave households almost two times more likelihood of improving their food security status. Households could further improve their food security outcomes by growing and consuming certain vegetables, especially those that could be integrated along pond dykes.

Conclusions
The study suggests three clear pathways to food security. (1) Increasing wealth and income from the sale of fish and integrated vegetables and/or crops, which can be used to purchase a diversity of foods. (2) Increasing food and nutrition security via the direct consumption of fish and vegetables grown on the farm. (3) Improving irrigation capabilities in integrated aquaculture–agriculture systems that has direct impact on pathways 1 and 2. Aquaculture should be promoted in the region for its crop diversification and food security benefits, so long as it fits the local farming system and livelihood context. Moving away from productivist approaches to nutrition-sensitive aquaculture widens the scope of uncovering the many benefits of pond farming in smallholder systems.
A novel high accuracy finite-difference time-domain method
Authors: Sekido Harune , Umeda Takayuki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is widely used for numerical simulations of electromagnetic waves and acoustic waves. It is known, however, that the Courant condition is restricted in higher dimensions and with higher order differences in space. Although it is possible to relax the Courant condition by utilizing the third-degree difference in space, there remains a large anisotropy in the numerical dispersion at large Courant numbers. This study aims to reduce the anisotropy in the numerical dispersion and relax the Courant condition simultaneously. A new third-degree difference operator including the Laplacian is introduced to the time-development equations of FDTD(2,4) with second- and fourth-order accuracies. The present numerical simulations have demonstrated that numerical oscillations due to the anisotropic dispersion relation are reduced with the new operator.
Graphical Abstract
Experimental assessment and prediction of design parameter influences on a specific vacuum-based granular gripper
Authors: Wacker Christian , Dierks Niklas , Kwade Arno , Dröder Klaus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInnovative soft robotic grippers, such as granular grippers, enable the automated handling of a wide spectrum of different geometries, increasing the flexibility and robustness of industrial production systems. Granular grippers vary in their design as well as in their configuration, which affects the specific characteristics and capabilities regarding grippable objects. Relevant aspects are the selection of granulates and membranes, as they affect the deformability. This influences the achievable gripping forces, which vary with the gripped objects geometry. On the basis of experimental studies, the modeling of interpolations as well as through experimental validations, the present research investigates the influences of different configurations on the achievable gripping forces for a specific concept of an innovative vacuum-based granular gripper. Specifically, the focus lies on design as well as configuration parameters, which could influence the achievable gripping force. Influencing parameters are determined based on a literature review of similar gripping concepts. Various adjustment possibilities are identified, such as materials of granulates or membranes. The possible configuration options are experimentally analyzed with a one-factor-at-a-time approach. The possibility of modelling the effects of their interrelations on the achievable gripping force is examined with approaches for linear models and compared to interpolations based on Machine Learning. Especially the granulate filling level and the membrane configuration exhibit the largest influences, which were best predicted with the approach based on artificial neural networks. A selection of an optimized gripper configuration for a specified object set as well as possible further developments such as a continuous expandability of the approaches and integrations with simulations are discussed. As a result of these analyses, this research provides methodologies for an optimized selection of a gripper configuration for an improved object-specific achievable gripping force and allows for more efficient handling processes with the examined type of vacuum-based granular gripper.
Production of the PET radionuclide 61Cu via the 62Ni(p,2n)61Cu nuclear reaction
Authors: Brühlmann Santiago Andrés , Walther Martin , Kopka Klaus , Kreller Martin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
There are only a handful of true theranostic matched pairs, and in particular the theranostic radiocopper trio 61Cu, 64Cu and 67Cu, for diagnosis and therapy respectively, is a very attractive candidate. In fact, the alternative of two imaging radionuclides with different half-lives is a clear advantage over other theranostic pairs, since it offers a better matching for the tracer biological and radionuclide physical half-lives. Due to the high availability of 64Cu, its translation into the clinic is being successfully carried out, giving the example of the FDA approved radiopharmaceutical Detectnet (copper Cu 64 dotatate injection). However, a shorter-lived PET radionuclide such as 61Cu may as well be beneficial.

Results
Proton irradiation of enriched 62Ni electrodeposited targets with a compact cyclotron produced the desired radionuclide via the 62Ni(p,2n)61Cu nuclear reaction, leading to 61Cu activities of up to 20 GBq at end of bombardment and 8 GBq at end of purification. Furthermore, two purification methods are compared leading to comparable results regarding separation yield and product purity. Following the radiochemical separation, quality assessment of this product [61Cu]CuCl2 solution proved radionuclidic purities (RNP) over 99.6% and apparent molar activities (AMA) of 260 GBq/µmol with the 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,4,8,11-tetraacetic acid (TETA) chelator, end of purification corrected.

Conclusions
In the current article a comprehensive novel production method for the PET radionuclide 61Cu is presented, providing an alternative to the most popular production routes. Characterization of the [61Cu]CuCl2 product showed both high RNP as well as high AMA, proving that the produced activity presented high quality regarding radiolabeling up to 9 h after end of purification. Furthermore, production scalability could be easily achieved by increasing the irradiation time.

Graphical abstract
Ultra-low reflection electromagnetic interference shielding nanofiber film with effective solar harvesting and self-cleaning
Authors: Lyu Bin , Wang Yunchuan , Gao Dangge , Guo Shihao , Zhou Yingying , Ma Jianzhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is urgent to develop low-reflection electromagnetic interference shielding material to shield electromagnetic waves (EMW) and reduce their secondary radiation pollution. Herein, an electromagnetic interference shielding nanofiber film is composed of ZnO and carbon nanofiber (CNF) via electrospinning and carbonization approachs, and subsequently coating perfuorooctyltriethoxysilane as a protective layer. On the one hand, ZnO coated by porous carbon, which is derived from ZIF-8, endows the nanofiber film low reflection property through optimizing impedance matching between free space and the nanofiber film. On the other hand, the nanofiber film possesses high electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency, which is beneficial by excellent electrical conductivity of CNF derived from waste leather scraps. Furthermore, the nanofiber film involves abundant interface, which contributes to high interfacial polarization loss. Thus, the nanofiber film with a thickness of 250 μm has electrical conductivity of 53 S/m and shielding efficiency of 50 dB. The reflection coefficient of the nanofiber film is inferior to 0.4 indicates that most of EMW are absorbed inside the materials and the nanofiber film is effective in reducing secondary radiation contamination of electromagnetic waves. Fortunately, the nanofiber film exhibits outstanding solar harvesting performance (106 ℃ at 1 sun density) and good self-cleaning performance, which ensure that the nanofiber film can work in harsh environments. This work supplies a credible reference for fabricating low-reflection electromagnetic shielding nanofiber film to reduce secondary radiation pollution and facilitates the upcycling of waste leather scraps.
Graphic abstract
Surmounting photon limits and motion artifacts for biological dynamics imaging via dual-perspective self-supervised learning
Authors: Shen Binglin , Luo Chenggui , Pang Wen , Jiang Yajing , Wu Wenbo , Hu Rui , Qu Junle , Gu Bobo , Liu Liwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVisualizing rapid biological dynamics like neuronal signaling and microvascular flow is crucial yet challenging due to photon noise and motion artifacts. Here we present a deep learning framework for enhancing the spatiotemporal relations of optical microscopy data. Our approach leverages correlations of mirrored perspectives from conjugated scan paths, training a model to suppress noise and motion blur by restoring degraded spatial features. Quantitative validation on vibrational calcium imaging validates significant gains in spatiotemporal correlation (2.2×), signal-to-noise ratio (9–12 dB), structural similarity (6.6×), and motion tolerance compared to raw data. We further apply the framework to diverse in vivo experiments from mouse cerebral hemodynamics to zebrafish cardiac dynamics. This approach enables the clear visualization of the rapid nutrient flow (30 mm/s) in microcirculation and the systolic and diastolic processes of heartbeat (2.7 cycle/s), as well as cellular and vascular structure in deep cortex. Unlike techniques relying on temporal correlations, learning inherent spatial priors avoids motion-induced artifacts. This self-supervised strategy flexibly enhances live microscopy under photon-limited and motion-prone regimes.
Unlocking the power of precision medicine: exploring the role of biomarkers in cancer management
Authors: Gadade Dipak D. , Jha Hariom , Kumar Chetan , Khan Farzan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Personalized or Precision medicine (PM) is a promising approach for the cancer treatment that tailors treatment to a patient's characteristics. Biomarkers are crucial for identifying the patients who are expected to derive greatest advantage from targeted therapy.

Main body
Here, various biomarkers, including genetic, epigenetic, protein, and metabolites, and their clinical significance, are discussed. The review provides insights into the use of biomarkers and their clinical significance in cancer treatment. There are several hurdles in use of PM in oncology, such as the complexity of tumor biology and heterogeneity, limited availability of biomarkers, high cost of targeted therapies, resistance to targeted therapies, and ethical and social issues.

Conclusion
The biomarkers play a crucial diagnostic role in the treatment of cancer. The review also acknowledges the challenges and limitations of personalized medicine which, if resolved, can be helpful in the management of cancer.
Proxy measures for the assessment of psychotic and affective symptoms in studies using electronic health records
Authors: López-Díaz Álvaro , Palermo-Zeballos Fernanda Jazmín , Gutierrez-Rojas Luis , Alameda Luis , Gotor-Sánchez-Luengo Francisco , Garrido-Torres Nathalia , Métrailler Johann , Alerci Livia , Bonnarel Vincent , Cano-Domínguez Pablo , Avanesi-Molina Elma , Soto-Ontoso Miguel , Torrecilla-Olavarrieta Rocio , Muñoz-Manchado Leticia Irene , Torres-Hernández Pedro , González-Higueras Fermín , Prados-Ojeda Juan Luis , Herrera-Cortés Mario , Meca-García José Miguel , Gordillo-Urbano Rafael Manuel , Sánchez-Robles Cristina , Delgado-Durán Tomás , Soriano-Peña María Felipa , Golay Philippe , Conus Philippe , Crespo-Facorro Benedicto , Ruiz-Veguilla Miguel 
Published: January 2024

Background
There is a lack of standardised psychometric data in electronic health record (EHR)-based research. Proxy measures of symptom severity based on patients' clinical records may be useful surrogates in mental health EHR research.

Aims
This study aimed to validate proxy tools for the short versions of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-6), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS-6) and Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-6).

Method
A cross-sectional, multicentre study was conducted in a sample of 116 patients with first-episode psychosis from 12 public hospitals in Spain. Concordance between PANSS-6, YMRS-6 and MADRS-6 scores and their respective proxies was evaluated based on information from EHR clinical notes, using a variety of statistical procedures, including multivariate tests to adjust for potential confounders. Bootstrapping techniques were used for internal validation, and an independent cohort from the Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP-Lausanne, Switzerland) for external validation.

Results
The proxy versions correlated strongly with their respective standardised scales (partial correlations ranged from 0.75 to 0.84) and had good accuracy and discriminatory power in distinguishing between patients in and not in remission (percentage of patients correctly classified ranged from 83.9 to 91.4% and bootstrapped optimism-corrected area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.76 to 0.89), with high interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.81). The findings remained robust in the external validation data-set.

Conclusions
The proxy instruments proposed for assessing psychotic and affective symptoms by reviewing EHR provide a feasible and reliable alternative to traditional structured psychometric procedures, and a promising methodology for real-world practice settings.