bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Islet‐1 expression in the developing chicken inner ear
Authors: Li Huawei , Liu Hong , Sage Cyrille , Huang Mingqian , Chen Zheng‐Yi , Heller Stefan 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe cell types of the inner ear originate from the otic placode, a thickened layer of ectoderm adjacent to the developing hindbrain. The placode invaginates and forms the otic pit, which pinches off as a small vesicle called the otocyst. Presumptive cochleovestibular neurons delaminate from the anterior ventral part of the otocyst and form the cochleovestibular ganglion of the inner ear. Here we show that the LIM/homeodomain protein islet‐1 is expressed in cells of the ventral part of the otic placode and that this ventral expression is maintained at the otic pit and the otocyst stages. Auditory and vestibular neurons originate from this islet‐1‐positive zone of the otocyst, and these neurons maintain islet‐1 expression until adulthood. We also demonstrate that islet‐1 becomes up‐regulated in the presumptive sensory epithelia of the inner ear in regions that are defined by the expression domains of BMP4. The up‐regulation of islet‐1 in developing inner ear hair and supporting cells is accompanied by down‐regulation of Pax‐2 in these cell types. Islet‐1 expression in hair and supporting cells persists until early postnatal stages, when the transcriptional regulator is down‐regulated in hair cells. Our data is consistent with a role for islet‐1 in differentiating inner ear neurons and sensory epithelia cells, perhaps in the specification of cellular subtypes in conjunction with other LIM/homeodomain proteins. J. Comp. Neurol. 477:1–10, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ERp29, a general endoplasmic reticulum marker, is highly expressed throughout the brain
Authors: MacLeod Jennifer C. , Sayer Rod J. , Lucocq John M. , Hubbard Michael J. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractERp29 is a recently discovered resident of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that is abundant in brain and most other mammalian tissues. Investigations of nonneural secretory tissues have implicated ERp29 in a major role producing export proteins, but a molecular activity remains wanting for this functional orphan. Intriguingly, ERp29 appears to be heavily utilized in the cerebellum, a brain region not conventionally regarded as neurosecretory. To elucidate this functional quandary, we used immunochemical approaches to characterize the regional, cellular, and subcellular distributions of ERp29 in rat brain. Immunohistochemistry revealed ubiquitous expression in neuronal and nonneuronal cells, with a distinctive variation in somatic ERp29 levels. Highly expressing cells were found in diverse locations, implying that ERp29 is not biased towards the cerebellum functionally. Using immunolocalization data mined from the literature, a proteomic profile was developed to assess the functional significance of ERp29's characteristic expression pattern. Surprisingly, ERp29 correlated poorly with classical markers of neurosecretion, but strongly with a variety of major membrane proteins. Together with immunogold localization of ERp29 to somatic ER, these observations led to a novel hypothesis that ERp29 is involved primarily in production of endomembrane proteins rather than proteins destined for export. This study establishes ERp29 as a general ER marker for brain cells and provides a stimulating clue about ERp29's enigmatic function. ERp29 appears to have broad significance for neural pathophysiology, given its ubiquitous distribution and prominence in brain over classical ER residents like BiP and protein disulfide isomerase. J. Comp. Neurol. 477:29–42, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of regulatory genes during differentiation of thalamic nuclei in mouse and monkey
Authors: Jones Edward G. , Rubenstein John L.R. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractExpression patterns of genes implicated in development of the thalamus were examined in mice and monkeys, using in situ hybridization with RNA probes complementary to Cad6, Dlx1, Dlx2, Dlx5, Gbx2, Id2, and Lef1 cDNAs. Expression patterns were related to the evolving cytoarchitecture in mice at birth (P0) and in adulthood, and in fetal monkeys early and late in the period of gestation when thalamic nuclei are becoming histologically differentiated out of a series of pronuclear masses. At the earlier developmental stage, each gene was expressed in a pattern that appeared to be pronucleus‐specific and maintained a nucleus‐specific pattern into adulthood, with the possible exception of Gbx2. Each gene displayed a unique expression pattern in the dorsal thalamus, ventral thalamus, and epithalamus, and no gene was expressed throughout all three divisions or in every nucleus of a division. With the exception of Dlx2, whose expression disappeared at the later time point, all continued to be expressed into adulthood at higher levels and with identical patterns. Despite late appearance of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic cells in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of mice, no Dlx genes, which promote formation of a GABAergic phenotype elsewhere, were detected in dorsal thalamus. Each thalamic nucleus was distinguished by expression of a combination of genes, and homologous nuclei in mouse and monkey exhibited the same combination. The presence of a centre médian nucleus and four pulvinar nuclei in monkeys was marked by patterns of expression not found in mice. The centre médian nucleus was marked by high expression of Id2, which was expressed only weakly in very few nuclei of mice. J. Comp. Neurol. 477:55–80, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factor neuroD is expressed in the rod lineage of the teleost retina
Authors: Hitchcock Peter , Kakuk‐Atkins Laura 
Published: July 2004

AbstractPersistent rod genesis in the retinas of teleost fish was first described over 2 decades ago, but little is known regarding the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms that govern this phenomenon. Because of its function in the developing mammalian retina and persistently mitotic adult tissues, we sought to characterize the cellular expression of the basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factor neuroD in the persistently neurogenic retina of adult teleosts. We show here that, in the adult retina of the goldfish, neuroD is expressed by putative amacrine cells, nascent cones, and the mitotically active cells of the rod lineage. neuroD is the first gene shown to be expressed by rod precursors, the immediate antecedents of rod photoreceptors. In contrast to the vertebrate classes described previously, neuroD is not expressed in multipotent progenitors in the teleost retina. Combining neuroD in situ hybridizations with cell‐cycle‐specific markers suggests that, in rod precursors, neuroD expression is cell cycle specific. J. Comp. Neurol. 477:108–117, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Circuit analog of a beam and its application to multimodal vibration damping, using piezoelectric transducers
Authors: Porfiri M. , dell'Isola F. , Frattale Mascioli F. M. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractIn this paper we solve the synthesis problem of finding a completely passive electric circuit analog to a vibrating beam. The synthesis problem is of interest when one wants to suppress beam mechanical vibrations by using distributed piezoelectric transduction. Indeed, an effective electromechanical energy transduction is guaranteed when the electric circuit (interconnecting the transducers' terminals) is resonant at all mechanical resonance frequencies and is able to mimic all the mechanical modal shapes. The designed electric circuit behaves as an electric controller of mechanical vibrations (i.e. an electric vibration damper) once suitably endowed with a set of resistors. Because of its completely passive nature, it does not require external power units and stands as an economical means of controlling vibrations. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Daily stress, coping, and dietary restraint in binge eating
Authors: Freeman Lisa M. Yacono , Gil Karen M. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractObjectiveThe current study evaluated whether psychological stress, use of specific coping strategies, and trait dietary restraint would prospectively predict binge eating episodes.MethodAfter completing a baseline measure of restraint, 46 binge eating college women kept daily diaries assessing depressed affect, stress, coping, and binge eating for 30 days.ResultsRegardless of level of depressed mood, higher stress was associated with increased risk of same‐day binge eating; distraction coping was associated with increased risk of future binge eating; social support was associated with decreased risk of same‐day binge eating; and women with high versus low dietary restraint showed different patterns of relationship for stress, coping, and binge eating.DiscussionVulnerability to binge eating in women who differ in terms of dietary restraint level may vary as a function of their coping responses to stress. Results highlight the complexities of stress and coping in binge eating. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 36: 204–212, 2004.
Cerebellar atrophy in a patient with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Miwa Hideto , Nakanishi Ichiro , Kodama Rieko , Kondo Tomoyoshi 
Published: July 2004

AbstractReversible cerebral atrophy (pseudoatrophy) is observable in patients with anorexia nervosa. However, it is extremely rare to see marked cerebellar atrophy.ObjectivesWe report on a patient who developed cerebellar atrophy after the severe deterioration of cardiac and respiratory functions resulting from undernutririon.ResultsA 30‐year‐old Japanese woman was admitted to the Wakayama Medical University Hospital (Wakayama, Japan) because of unsteadiness of gait. She had a 7‐year history of anorexia nervosa and had been admitted to an emergency hospital because of asthenic shock resulting from severe undernutrition at the age of 28. On admission to our hospital, neurologic examination revealed dysarthria and cerebellar ataxia of the trunk and lower extremities without nystagmus. A brain magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated marked atrophy of the cerebellum.DiscussionBecause her cerebellar ataxia appeared during severe deterioration of her general condition, and there has been no subsequent progression, it is possible that her cerebellar atrophy was induced by undernutrition. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 36: 238–241, 2004.
Secondary prevention for eating disorders: The impact of education, screening, and referral in a college‐based screening program
Authors: Becker Anne E. , Franko Debra L. , Nussbaum Karin , Herzog David B. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractObjectiveThe first National Eating Disorders Screening Program (NEDSP), conducted on more than 400 college campuses in 1996, was an educational and two‐stage screening program designed to detect potentially clinically significant disordered eating attitudes and behaviors and offer referrals for further evaluation when warranted. The current study assessed the impact of the NEDSP on participants.MethodA randomly selected subset of this sample (n = 289) was contacted approximately 2 years after the NEDSP to assess the impact of the program on knowledge and treatment‐seeking behaviors for eating disorders.ResultsFor greater than 80% of the participants, the program made participants aware of the danger of eating disorders and the availability of treatment. Of those who received a recommendation for further clinical evaluation of disordered eating (n = 109), nearly one half (47.7%) followed up on this recommendation and kept at least a first appointment and 39.4% actually sought treatment subsequent to the NEDSP.DiscussionThe results of the current study suggest that educational and screening programs may be a promising strategy for secondary prevention of eating disorders. They also suggest that awareness of the risks of disordered eating and available treatment may not be sufficient to motivate individuals to adhere to recommendations to seek treatment. Clinicians should, therefore, be vigilant for nonadherence to treatment recommendations and proactive in facilitating treatment. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 36: 157–162, 2004.
The associations between laxative abuse and other symptoms among adults with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Kovacs Dora , Palmer Robert L. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the current study was to examine the association between laxative abuse and other symptoms and features among adult patients presenting with anorexia nervosa.MethodOne hundred and seventeen patients with anorexia nervosa were studied. Laxative abusers and nonabusers were compared.ResultsCompared with nonabusers, laxative‐abusing patients had higher ratings on the Ineffectiveness, Body Dissatisfaction, and Drive for Thinness subscales on the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI), as well as more depressive and somatization symptoms. There was an association between laxative abuse and low self‐esteem.DiscussionLaxative abuse appears to be associated with especially severe psychopathology and low self‐esteem among subjects with anorexia nervosa. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 36: 224–228, 2004.
Pancreatitis causing death in bulimia nervosa
Authors: Birmingham Carl Laird , Boone Sharon 
Published: July 2004

AbstractObjectiveWe report the case of a 19‐year‐old woman with bulimia nervosa who died of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Our objective is to raise awareness that because the symptoms of both conditions are very similar, the pre‐existence of an eating disorder should not distract physicians from the possibility that potentially lethal acute pancreatitis may coexist.MethodThe study includes autopsy results and a review of the literature.ResultsPancreatitis usually presents with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.DiscussionIn patients with eating disorders who may already have exhibited these symptoms pancreatitis may not be considered. Elevated serum amylase values may occur in subjects with bulimia nervosa without pancreatitis. If the serum amylase value is elevated, pancreatitis can be confirmed by measuring the levels of serum lipase, trypsinogen, pancreatic isoenzyme of amylase, or by abdominal computerized tomography (CT). © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 36: 234–237, 2004.
The contribution of anxiety and food restriction on physical activity levels in acute anorexia nervosa
Authors: Holtkamp Kristian , Hebebrand Johannes , Herpertz‐Dahlmann Beate 
Published: July 2004

AbstractObjectiveExcessive exercise is present in 40%–80% of anorexia nervosa (AN) patients. Hyperactivity often plays a role in developing and maintaining AN and represents an obstacle to weight gain in refeeding. Interconnections among caloric restriction, psychopathology, and physical activity in humans with AN are poorly investigated.MethodsPhysical activity and food restriction during the last 3 months and status of body image/slimness ideal were assessed by the Structured Interview of Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa (SIAB) in 30 adolescent patients with acute AN at admission to inpatient treatment. Anxiety, depression, and obsessive‐compulsiveness were assessed with the Symptom Check‐List‐90‐Revised (SCL‐90‐R). A regression model based on the independent variables body mass index, food reduction, body image/slimness ideal, anxiety, depression, and obsessive‐compulsiveness was calculated to determine the relevant prediction variables of physical activity.ResultsThe regression model explained 64% (R2 = .64, p = .000) of the variance of physical activity. Only food restriction (p = .006) and anxiety (p = .004) contributed significantly to the variance.DiscussionOur results indicate that anxiety symptoms and food restriction synergistically contribute to increased levels of physical activity in the acute phase of AN. © 2004 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 36: 163–171, 2004.
Determining control parameters for dendritic cell‐cytotoxic T lymphocyte interaction
Authors: Ludewig Burkhard , Krebs Philippe , Junt Tobias , Metters Helen , Ford Neville J. , Anderson Roy M. , Bocharov Gennady 
Published: July 2004

AbstractDendritic cells (DC) are potent immunostimulatory cells facilitating antigen transport to lymphoid tissues and providing efficient stimulation of T cells. A series of experimental studies in mice demonstrated that cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) can be efficiently induced by adoptive transfer of antigen‐presenting DC. However, the success of DC‐based immunotherapeutic treatment of human cancer, for example, is still limited because the details of the regulation and kinetics of the DC‐CTL interaction are not yet completely understood. Using a combination of experimental mouse studies, mathematical modeling, and nonlinear parameter estimation, we analyzed the population dynamics of DC‐induced CTL responses. The model integrates a predator‐prey‐type interaction of DC and CTL with the non‐linear compartmental dynamics of T cells. We found that T cell receptor avidity, the half‐life of DC, and the rate of CTL‐mediated DC‐elimination are the major control parameters for optimal DC‐induced CTL responses. For induction of high avidity CTL, the number of adoptively transferred DC was of minor importance once a minimal threshold of approximately 200 cells per spleen had been reached. Taken together, our study indicates that the availability of high avidity T cells in the recipient in combination with the optimal application regimen is of prime importance for successful DC‐based immunotherapy.
Commentary: The role of the IL‐18 system and other members of the IL‐1R/TLR superfamily in innate mucosal immunity and the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease: friend or foe?
Authors: Reuter Brian K. , Pizarro Theresa T. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractCrohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are examples of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and are multifaceted chronic autoimmune disorders with unknown etiology; to date, there is no known cure. IBD is thought to occur as a result of an inappropriate immune response to environmental factors in a genetically predisposed host, and it has become increasingly clear that cytokines play an important role in this process. In recent years, several groups have provided evidence that IL‐18 is significantly up‐regulated during the course of chronic intestinal inflammation and appears to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of human IBD, particularly in Crohn's disease. IL‐18 is a pleiotropic cytokine with several biological functions, but is most commonly associated with its ability to synergistically induce the expression of IFN‐γ. However, although IL‐18 has been extensively studied in both human IBD as well as in murine models of colitis, no definitive function of IL‐18 during the initiation and perpetuation of chronic gut inflammation has been firmly established, and its precise role in the pathogenesis of IBD has yet to be determined. In light of the recent observation that the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor‐1 has the ability to regulate the functional activity of IL‐18, and concomitantly disease severity, in a murine model of colitis through altered expression of its endogenous inhibitor, IL‐18‐binding protein, this commentary will review what is currently known regarding the role of IL‐18 in normal mucosal immunity and during the pathogenesis of IBD.See accompanying article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.200425124
Three New Organically Templated Polyoxomolybdates with Capping Selenite Anions
Authors: Feng Mei‐Ling , Mao Jiang‐Gao 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThree new organically templated polyoxomolybdates with selenite anions as capping groups have been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions and structurally characterized. The structure of {Hbipy}3{KMo4O13(SeO3)} (1; bipy = 4,4′‐bipyridine) features a 1D anionic double chain of {KMo4O13(SeO3)}3− units. Four MoVIO6 octahedra in compound 1 form a planar Mo4O13 cluster unit through corner‐, edge‐ and face‐sharing. The Mo4O13 cluster unit is further capped by an SeIVO3 group in a bidentate fashion. These monocapped cluster units are further interconnected by bridging K+ cations into a 1D double chain. Both {H2bipy}2{Mo5O15(SeO3)2}·H2O (2) and {H2pip}2{Mo5O15(SeO3)2}·3H2O (3; pip = piperazine) contain a bicapped Mo5O15 cluster unit in which five MoVIO6 octahedra form a planar Mo5O15 cluster unit through edge‐ and corner‐sharing, with the two SeIVO3 anions as tridentate capping groups on the two open sides of the cluster unit to form an {Mo5O15(SeO3)2}4− anion. The {Mo5O15(SeO3)2}4− cluster anions in compounds 2 and 3 are further inter‐linked by the organic templates through hydrogen bonds to form a 2D layer. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Taraxacum prunicolor sp. nova, a new species of the Taraxacum scanicum group (sect. Erythrosperma)
Authors: Schmid† M. , Vašut R. J. , Oosterveld P. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA Central European population of Taraxacum that had been previously determined as T. scanicum Dahlst. were recognized to be different from those originally described from Sweden. T. scanicum s. str. is widespread in the northern and western part of Europe, but it is replaced in the south‐eastern part of Central Europe by closely related newly distinguished species, Taraxacum prunicolor Mart. Schmid, R.J.Vašut & P.Oosterveld sp. nova. Morphological, ecological and distributional characteristics of T. prunicolor as well as major differences to similar taxa are given. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A new look at Kedarnatha P.K.Mukh. & Constance (Umbelliferae)
Authors: Pimenov M. G. , Kljuykov E. V. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA field investigation of Kedarnatha sanctuarii P.K.Mukh. & Constance in its locus classicus and subsequent carpological analysis show the identity of the species and Trachydium garhwalicum H.Wolff, described from the same region of Tehri Garhwal (Uttaranchal, India). As this species differs in some essential characters from Trachydium, Trachyspermum, Chamaesium, Chamaesciadium, Schulzia, the genus Kedarnatha must be retained, and Indoschulzia Pimenov & Kljuykov is to be considered as its latter synonym. A new nomenclatural combination, K. garhwalica (H.Wolff) Pimenov & Kljuykov comb. nov. have been proposed to name the type species. Cortia oreomyrrhiformis Farille & Malla and Trachydium hamelianum Farille & Malla are transferred to Kedarnatha [K. oreomyrrhiformis (Farille & Malla) Pimenov & Kljuykov comb. nov. and K. hameliana (Farille & Malla) Pimenov & Kljuykov comb. nov.]. Two new additional species, K. meifolia Pimenov & Kljuykov sp. nova from India and K. vaginata Pimenov & Kljuykov sp. nova from Burma, are described. As a result, the genus contains five species, distributed from Himachal Pradesh (India) to Burma. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis of carbon‐14 labelled (5Z)‐4‐bromo‐5‐(bromomethylene)‐2(5H)‐furanone: a potent quorum sensing inhibitor
Authors: Persson Tobias , Johansen Steen K. , Martiny Lars , Givskov Michael , Nielsen John 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe potent quorum sensing inhibitor (5Z)‐4‐bromo‐5‐(bromomethylene)‐2(5H)‐[2‐14C]furanone has been prepared in five steps in 7.7% overall yield starting from bromo[1‐14C]acetic acid. Condensation of ethyl bromo[1‐14C]acetate with ethyl acetoacetate followed by decarboxylation was accelerated by microwave heating to afford [1‐14C]levulinic acid. Subsequently, bromination and oxidation gave the targeted furan‐2‐one with a radiochemical purity of > 97% and a specific activity of 57 mCi/mmol. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.