bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Usefulness of Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Intra‐Orbital Lesions in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Kuntaro Deguchi , Takei Haruka , Arakawa Yuki , Kambe Tomoka , Kurihara Jun , Mochizuki Naoto , Sato Yumiko , Tanami Yutaka , Oguma Eiji 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the usefulness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and evaluation of extraocular intra‐orbital lesions in pediatric patients.MethodsTwenty‐three pediatric patients with intra‐orbital lesions who underwent both ultrasound and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI) were included. The following parameters were evaluated using ultrasound: 1) lesion detection rate (presence or absence of lesions), 2) lesion characteristics, 3) lesion location (extraconal or intraconal), and 4) the lesion longest linear dimensions, and these were compared using Fisher's exact test and Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsTwo lesions could not be detected using ultrasound; in the other 21 cases, the lesion characteristics diagnosed by ultrasound were correct. Diagnostic accuracy of detection and characteristics assessment using ultrasound were 91.3% and 91.3%, respectively. The lesion location was not significantly different between the two groups (intraconal/extraconal in those detected using ultrasound versus those in the absence on ultrasound = 7/14 versus 0/2, P > .999); however, in two cases that were not detected on ultrasound, the lesions were located at extraconal. Lesions that were small in longest linear dimensions on CT/MRI were not detected using ultrasound (the longest linear dimensions in lesions detected using ultrasound versus that in the absence of ultrasound: 29.5 ± 8.2 [range, 13–46] versus 10 and 11 mm, P = .043).ConclusionsUltrasonography proved to be useful for visualizing and evaluating intra‐orbital lesions except for lesions that were relatively small in size. Therefore, although ultrasound could not detect lesions located behind bone and bone invasion, it could be used for diagnosing and selecting treatment strategies for intra‐orbital lesions.
Analysis of friction‐related acoustic emission in bolted joint structures
Authors: Sun Jiaying , Yang Huiyi , Li Dongwu , Xu Chao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA bolted joint may be in a state of continuous fretting friction and wear under random oscillatory loading, which makes the bolted joint prone to loosening. Therefore, it is essential to find a way to monitor the contact state of a bolted joint on time and handle it adeptly. Acoustic emission (AE) signals will be generated during the reciprocating friction of the bolted joint interface. Exploring the relationship between the frictional slip features and the acoustic emission characteristics under different bolt preloads can lay the foundation for using the acoustic emission techniques to monitor the pretightening state of bolted joints. This paper experimentally investigates the acoustic emission signals of a bolted joint structure during friction under different preloads, three repeated tests are implemented. The relationship between friction behavior and acoustic emission characteristics under different preloads is studied. The evolution of classical acoustic emission parameters and kinematic parameters with bolt preload levels is also analyzed. The 3‐D topography of the specimens after parametric tests is analyzed. The results show that the characteristics of both burst‐type and continuous‐type acoustic emission can reflect different friction behavior under different bolt preloads. The evolution curves of acoustic emission parameters changed under the interaction of both frictional kinematic parameters and bolt preload levels. For the 3‐D surface topography, the reciprocating friction shears the peaks and fills the surface valleys, and the topography of the scratched surface areas is redistributed.
On the use of double‐double design philosophy in the redesign of composite fuselage barrel frame components
Authors: Garofano Antonio , Sellitto Andrea , Di Caprio Francesco , Riccio Aniello 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe use of optimization procedures can provide a valuable contribution in optimizing the laminate design of composite components for mass minimization and mechanical performance maximization. Design for weight and strength requirements of composite structures can be efficiently provided with the newly developed double‐double laminates concept, which allows to overcome the conventional 0, 90, and ±45° ply orientations and symmetry requirements in laminates. In the double‐double designed components, composite laminates are made up stacking thin sub‐laminates with four [±Φ, ±Ψ] oriented plies without symmetry requirements. In the present paper, the lay‐up and thickness profile of the composite frames in a fuselage section have been redesigned according to the double‐double design concept taking into account the operating loads. The starting quad configuration has been replaced by an optimized double‐double configuration with suitable lay‐up and thickness profile for each of the frames, while achieving a reduction in the total components mass.Highlights
Double‐double laminates offer a novel approach to composite laminate design.
Double‐doubles aim to simplify design with composites as with metals.
Laminate optimization performed varying plies orientations and number.
Double‐double design of components optimized with respect to the acting loads.
In aviation double‐doubles allow lightening of composite laminate components.
Preliminary study of a new macro‐micro robot system for dental implant surgery: Design, development and control
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Wei , Cai Yueri , Zhao Qiming , Wang Yuyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to develop a new dental implant robotic system (DIRS) to relieve the burden and enhance the quality of dental implant surgery.MethodsThe implanting actuator and system controller are two parts. The implanting actuator is designed on the basis of the RCM mechanism, with its kinematics modelled. Besides, a multi‐DOF admittance control strategy and a hybrid position‐admittance control strategy were designed, endowing the actuator with environmental compliance.ResultsIn force sensing, about 97% of mixed force/torque are eliminated. Then, 30 groups of implantation are done, of which 15 groups are simple implantation, while another 15 groups are force‐based implantation. The results show that the average contact force/torque can be reduced by 73.03% and 62.66%, and the peak contact force/torque can be reduced by 68.26% and 50.46%.ConclusionsThe results of preliminary experiments validate the effectiveness of DIRS, which has great potential to assist dentists with higher efficiency, better quality, and lower burden.
Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor signalling pathway: A promising therapeutic option for COVID‐19
Authors: Razzaq Aroona , Disoma Cyrollah , Zhou Yuzheng , Tao Siyi , Chen Zongpeng , Liu Sixu , Zheng Rong , Zhang Yongxing , Liao Yujie , Chen Xuan , Liu Sijie , Dong Zijun , Xu Liangtao , Deng Xu , Li Shanni , Xia Zanxian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is continuously producing new variants, necessitating effective therapeutics. Patients are not only confronted by the immediate symptoms of infection but also by the long‐term health issues linked to long COVID‐19. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection promotes virus propagation, mucus hyperproduction, and pulmonary fibrosis, and suppresses the host's antiviral response. Over the long term, EGFR activation in COVID‐19, particularly in COVID‐19‐induced pulmonary fibrosis, may be linked to the development of lung cancer. In this review, we have summarised the significance of EGFR signalling in the context of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. We also discussed the targeting of EGFR signalling as a promising strategy for COVID‐19 treatment and highlighted erlotinib as a superior option among EGFR inhibitors. Erlotinib effectively blocks EGFR and AAK1, thereby preventing SARS‐CoV‐2 replication, reducing mucus hyperproduction, TNF‐α expression, and enhancing the host's antiviral response. Nevertheless, to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of erlotinib, relevant clinical trials involving an appropriate patient population should be designed.
Robustness analysis of uncertain time‐varying systems with unknown initial conditions
Authors: Farhood Mazen 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThis paper focuses on the robustness analysis of discrete‐time, linear time‐varying (LTV) systems subject to various uncertainties, such as static and dynamic, time‐invariant and time‐varying, linear perturbations, and unknown initial conditions. The proposed approach is based on integral quadratic constraint theory and allows for a potentially more accurate characterization of the set in which the initial state resides by imposing separate constraints on the initial values of the state variables as opposed to simply requiring the initial state to lie in some ellipsoid. The adopted problem formulation facilitates the analysis of uncertain LTV systems subject to disturbance inputs that are bounded pointwise in time, and the developed results enable determining useful pointwise bounds on the performance outputs given such inputs. The main analysis result is given for eventually periodic nominal systems, which include linear time‐invariant, finite horizon, and periodic systems as special cases. The analysis conditions are expressed as linear matrix inequalities. Two additional results stemming from the main analysis theorem are provided that can be used to determine overapproximated ellipsoidal reachable sets. Finally, the utility of the proposed approach is demonstrated in an illustrative example.
Exploring the complexities of CSR and firm performances: Unveiling the relationship between social responsibility, ethical conduct, and consumer perceptions
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad Faisal , Yuan Jingbo , Husnain Mudassir , Ma Guicheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and brand perception. It specifically examines how negative attitudes toward CSR activities and emotional contagion influence brand perception. The research focuses on young consumers as the sample population. The findings underscore the significance of CSR in shaping consumer attitudes and emotions toward brands. The results indicate that negative attitudes toward a company's CSR initiatives can exacerbate negative brand perception. Therefore, the study emphasizes the importance of companies demonstrating their dedication to sustainability and environmental stewardship to appeal to environmentally conscious customers. However, the research also acknowledges certain limitations include the geographical sampling size and sampling techniques, which should be taken into consideration.
Sculpting the future of meat: Biomaterial approaches and structural engineering for large‐scale cell‐based production
Authors: Jin Ang , Bennie Rachel Z. , Ogilvie Olivia J. , Trlin Hamish J. F. , Kong Ng Say , Yu Hanry , Dobson Renwick C. J. , Domigan Laura J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNovel foods are an increasing reality (and necessity) for our global food system and need to be protein‐rich for good nutrition. Cell‐based meats use the edible biomass of in vitro cultured animal cells harvested from the muscle tissue of live animals, removing the need to raise and slaughter animals. It is a viable alternative that is environmentally friendly, lowers resource consumption, and reduces health risks associated with traditional livestock farming. The cell‐based meat industry has boomed over the last 5 years with dozens of start‐ups being founded and millions of dollars in capital raised. While cell‐based meat faces technical, socio‐political, and regulatory challenges, it is a nascent technology with key technical challenges such as cell line stability, non‐animal‐derived culture media development, and bioprocessing for commercial‐scale uses. Here, we review the current field of cell‐based meat production at a lab scale and assess the feasibility and scalability of commercial production and the challenges that these production methods face. Moreover, we discuss the advancements in technologies for large‐scale manufacturing of cell‐based meat covering aspects including optimized culture media formulations, edible scaffold designs, and bioreactors for high‐density cell culture to reduce production costs.
Carbon, Oxygen Co‐doped MoP as a High‐Efficiency Catalyst Towards Hydrodechlorination Reaction
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Zhang Lu , Yuan Guojun , Bai Jianliang , Zhu Yaqing , Ren Lili 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe harms caused by organic chlorides to the human body and the environment make the problem of how to degrade organic chlorides particularly urgent. Phosphides have gradually attracted attention in HDC due to their high catalytic performance. In view of the important role of O in catalytic process, the preparation of C, O co‐doped MoP was achieved by the synergistic modification of EDTA and glucose. Compared with unmodified MoP, the doping of carbon and oxygen in MoP−C−O ensure that more active sites are exposed on the surface. At the same time, the high dispersion of MoP on the carbon matrix increases the specific surface area of MoP−C−O, which is more conducive to the adsorption of reactants on the surface, thereby effectively improving the catalytic activity of the modified MoP−C−O. In the case of changing the molar ratio of MoP and surface modifier, the best activity of MoP−C−O (50 %) reaches 57.80 %, which is 2.3 times higher than that of MoP catalyst.
Investigating the Impact of Ag Nanoparticles on N and S Co‐Doped TiO2 for Battery‐Type Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Nasir , Naveed Abdul , Inayat Abid , Bilal Muhammad , Haider Ali , Shah Syed Mujtaba 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate a successful synthesis of heteroatom co‐doped TiO2 decorated with Ag nanoparticles using a direct combustion approach. These materials serve as a high‐performance active layer for advanced battery‐type supercapacitors. Among all the investigated materials, N,S co‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles and Ag/N,S co‐doped TiO2 nanocomposite exhibited impressive specific capacitances of 360 and 480 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. Moreover, we employed Ag/N,S co‐doped TiO2 nanocomposite as symmetric supercapacitor in a wide potential window of −1 to 1 V. The symmetric device demonstrated a specific capacitance of 183 F g−1 at 3 A g−1 with an energy density of 105 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 6 kW kg−1. One of the most promising aspects of this study was the high cyclic stability of the device, with capacity retention of 80 % when tested for 3000 discharge cycles at 3 A g−1.The improved electrochemical performance of Ag nanoparticle decorated N,S co‐doped TiO2 structure confirms the synergistic behavior of each component in the nanocomposite. These results indicate the remarkable durability of the device. Additionally, the materials used in this work are environmentally friendly, making them attractive candidates for battery‐type supercapacitors.
Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives Catalyzed by Trimetallic Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes under Ultrasound Irradiation Conditions
Authors: Harooni Nasrin Saberi , Naeimi Hossein , Ghasemi Amir Hossein 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study involves the synthesis of pyrano]2,3‐d[pyrimidine derivatives using the multi‐component reactions (MCRs) under ultrasonic, and nanocatalysis conditions. The reaction efficiency was increased and the reaction time was reduced by using a prepared catalyst accomplished with sonication synergetic effect. Furthermore, the increase in product yield can be due to the synergistic property between metals on the surface of the catalyst. This catalyst was found to be recoverable and highly stable under ultrasonic conditions. The use of trimetallic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) proved to be highly effective in synthesis of the pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives. This is due to their active site, economical catalyst loading, easy workup, reusability, and green reaction conditions. Also, the synthesized products were achieved in excellent yields and short reaction times. Different methods were utilized to characterize the nanocatalyst such as; Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the hot filtration method. The synthesized organic compounds were identified through analyses using the melting point, FT‐IR method, and hydrogen‐1 nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR).
Unraveling Halochromism of Azo‐Based Sulphonamide and Its Real‐World Applications: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Approach
Authors: Joshi Supriya , Joshi Ritika , Ganorkar Kapil , Jadhao Manojkumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHalochromic azo dyes have versatile applications, including sensing and anti‐counterfeiting, due to their reversible color‐changing properties. In this work we investigated the structure‐dependent halochromism of azo compound (E)‐4‐((2‐hydroxynaphthalen‐1‐yl)diazenyl)benzenesulfonamide (HDBS) and explore its potential applications using experimental and theoretical approaches. Different spectroscopic techniques confirm the structural change in the dye as a consequence of tautomerism reaction upon changing pH (7 to 13). The stable form of hydrazone is isolated and characterized. Based on the spectroscopic characterization, it is concluded that the azo form exists at pH ≤ 9, whereas the hydrazone form at highly alkaline pH. To understand the origin of the absorption peaks, the stability, and tautomerism in water, DFT and TD‐DFT calculations are performed. A reasonable agreement between the theoretical and experimental observations enabled us to unravel the structure‐dependent halochromism. Further, we have shown that HDBS‐coated paper can be a real‐time visual sensor to monitor fish freshness and for anti‐counterfeiting ink. It changes colors with pH shifts, alerts consumers about the status of food. Additionally, erasable paper strip reduces paper waste and chemical pollution. The findings presented in this work provide a promising avenue for the development of halochromic azo compounds with potential applications in sensing and anti‐counterfeiting.
NiZr/N‐doped TiO2/Ti3C2 catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde: effect of N‐doping of TiO2
Authors: Li Ms. Menghan , Luo Xuan , Su Tongming , Xie Xinling , Ji Hongbing , Qin Zuzeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn NiZr/N‐doped TiO2/Ti3C2 catalyst was prepared by KBH4 reduction for cinnamaldehyde hydrogenation. Characterization results showed that the synthesis of N‐doped TiO2 on Ti3C2 and the uniform dispersion of TiO2 on the Ti3C2 surface increased the specific surface area of NiZr/Ti3C2 by 164.4 m2/g. N‐doping at a level of 19.03 % was used to replace O in the TiO2 lattice; the Ti−O−Ti peak in the XPS spectrum of the undoped catalyst was shifted by 0.3 eV in the spectrum of the doped catalyst; as a result, there was a 15.40 % increase in the number of surface oxygen vacancies of the NiZr/Ti3C2 catalyst. The synthesis of N‐doped TiO2 on Ti3C2 converted the moderately acidic sites of NiZr/Ti3C2 to strong Lewis acid sites and increased the total number of acid sites by approximately 0.8‐fold. The active Lewis acid sites on the surface of NiZr/N‐doped TiO2/Ti3C2 adsorbed only C=O bonds and inhibited the adsorption of C=C bonds, resulting in a high cinnamaldehyde conversion of 90.69 % and a cinnamyl alcohol selectivity of 91.87 %.
Polyhydroxy Ionic Polymer Catalysts for Highly Selective Cycloaddition of Carbon Dioxide and Epoxides
Authors: Sun Liwei , Zhao Jiaojiao , Liang Lixin , Gao Xiaolong , Sun Yuxia , Hou Guangjin , Li Yuehui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNew polyhydroxy ionic polymers were designed and prepared to heterogeneously catalyze CO2 cycloaddition reaction with complete chemoselectivity and up to 99 % yields. Using copolymer of 1‐(2‐hydroxyl‐ethyl)‐3‐vinyl‐imidazolium bromide ([HeVim][Br]) and styrene, the highest yield of propylene carbonate was obtained. And, it is significantly higher than that obtained with the same amount of hydroxy monomer [HeVim][Br] (only 24 % yield), thus showing the concerted promotion effect of polyhydoxyl groups during ring opening of epoxides. The catalyst presented excellent recycling performance (10 cycles). Various terminal cyclic carbonates were synthesized with above 95 % yields. A synergistic function of hydroxyl group as efficient hydrogen bonding donor and bromide anion as nucleophilic agent was put forward.
Molecular Mechanics with Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) Calculations and Docking Studies Unravel some Antimalarial Compounds Using Heme O Synthase as Therapeutic Target
Authors: Adelusi Temitope Isaac , Bolaji Olawale Quadri , Ojo Taiwo Ooreoluwa , Adegun Iyanu Paul , Adebodun Seun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe enzyme Heme O Synthase (HOS) is essential for producing heme A and heme O, which are critical for defense against reactive oxygen species, drug detoxification, gas synthesis, transport, and electron transport in Plasmodium species. It has become vital to discover inhibitory molecules/compounds/medicines that target the synthesis of heme due to the emergence of drug‐resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Therefore, in this study, we employed molecular mechanics with Generalized Born surface area (MMGBSA) calculations and docking studies to investigate potential antimalarial compounds targeting HOS from antimalarial botanicals. Screening these compounds, we have identified 2 compounds; Meliantrol and Tamarixetin with better binding affinities (−8.4 Kcal/mol and −8.3 Kcal/mol respectively) than the current standard inhibitor(Inabenfide) of HOS (−8.0 Kcal/mol). The MMGBSA calculations provided insight into the thermodynamics of the binding process and helped identify key interactions responsible for the stability of the HOS‐ligand complex. In addition, the 2 compounds were further screened comparatively with the standard HOS inhibitor considering their protein‐ligand interaction profile and ADMET profile and these 2 selected compounds outperformed Inabenfide. Our results predict that these compounds are potential drug candidates with domiciled therapeutic functions against Malaria therefore, open doors for more experimental validations for drug development.