bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defect recognition of oil‐pressboard insulation based on frequent arc reignition phenomenon under switching impulse voltage
Authors: Li Simeng , Zhang Yukun , Jia Yunfei , Ji Shengchang , Han Yanhua , Wang Wensen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the past three years, a number of oil‐immersed ultra‐high‐voltage shunt reactors have experienced discharge defects when being put into operation, resulting in an overload of acetylene. However, detecting and identifying these discharge defects caused by switching impulse voltage is challenging under steady‐state conditions. This poses unpredictable and difficult‐to‐assess safety risks for the longterm operation of the equipment and subsequent transient processes. Hence, comprehending the discharge behavior of oil‐pressboard (PB) insulation under switching impulse voltage and devising a method to identify defects becomes crucial. This study focuses on investigating the frequent arc reignition (FAR) pattern exhibited by typical defects under both standard and oscillation switching impulse voltages. The objective is to uncover the mechanism behind FAR and propose a defect recognition strategy suitable for transient processes. The study reveals the FAR process will occur at least once during the breakdown process; the FAR phenomenon is the weakest in the surface defect with a weak vertical electric field. The average recovery voltage percentage and the average discharge interval of the FAR process decrease with increasing impulse amplitude or oscillation frequency. Additionally, the average number of discharges decreases with higher oscillation frequency, while it initially increases and then decreases with increaseing amplitude. Based on the analysis of the number of FAR processes and their variation in terms of amplitude or discharge interval, a method for recognizing oil‐PB defects during switching transient processes is developed and successfully applied to a case study involving acetylene overload in a 1000 kV shunt reactor.
Optical spectroscopy of blazars for the Cherenkov Telescope Array – III
Authors: D’Ammando F. , Goldoni P. , Max-Moerbeck W. , Becerra González J. , Kasai E. , Williams D. A. , Alvarez-Crespo N. , Backes M. , Barres de Almeida U. , Boisson C. , Cotter G. , Fallah Ramazani V. , Hervet O. , Lindfors E. , Mukhi-Nilo D. , Pita S. , Splettstoesser M. , van Soelen B. 
Published: January 2024

Context.Blazars, which include BL Lacs and flat-spectrum radio quasars, represent the brightest persistent extragalactic sources in the high-energy (HE; 10 MeV–100 GeV) and very-high-energy (VHE;E > 100 GeV)γ-ray sky. Due to their almost featureless optical/UV spectra, it is challenging to measure the redshifts of BL Lacs. As a result, about 50% ofγ-ray BL Lacs lack a firm measurement of this property, which is fundamental for population studies, indirect estimates of the extragalactic background light, and fundamental physics probes (e.g., searches for Lorentz-invariance violation or axion-like particles).Aims.This paper is the third in a series of papers aimed at determining the redshift of a sample of blazars selected as prime targets for future observations with the next generation, ground-based VHEγ-ray astronomy observatory, Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). The accurate determination of the redshift of these objects is an important aid in source selection and planning of future CTAO observations.Methods.Promising targets were selected following a sample selection obtained with Monte Carlo simulations of CTAO observations. The selected targets were expected to be detectable with CTAO in observations of 30 h or less. We performed deep spectroscopic observations of 41 of these blazars using the Keck II, Lick, SALT, GTC, and ESO/VLT telescopes. We carefully searched for spectral lines in the spectra and whenever features of the host galaxy were detected, we attempted to model the properties of the host galaxy. The magnitudes of the targets at the time of the observations were also compared to their long-term light curves.Results.Spectra from 24 objects display spectral features or a high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). From these, 12 spectroscopic redshifts were determined, ranging from 0.2223 to 0.7018. Furthermore, 1 tentative redshift (0.6622) and 2 redshift lower limits atz > 0.6185 andz > 0.6347 were obtained. The other 9 BL Lacs showed featureless spectra, despite the high S/N (≥100) observations. Our comparisons with long-term optical light curves tentatively suggest that redshift measurements are more straightforward during an optical low state of the active galactic nucleus. Overall, we have determined 37 redshifts and 6 spectroscopic lower limits as part of our programme thus far.
Quantitative grain size estimation on airless bodies from the negative polarization branch
Authors: Bach Yoonsoo P. , Ishiguro Masateru , Takahashi Jun , Geem Jooyeon , Kuroda Daisuke , Naito Hiroyuki , Kwon Jungmi 
Published: January 2024

Context.Sunlight scattered from the surface of an airless body is generally partially polarized, and the corresponding polarization state includes information about the scattering surface, such as albedo, surface grain sizes, composition, and taxonomic types. Most polarimetric studies on airless bodies thus far have focused on optical wavelengths (λ≲ 1 µm).Aims.We conducted polarimetry of two large airless bodies, the Dawn mission targets (1) Ceres and (4) Vesta, in the near-infrared region. We further investigated the change in the polarimetric phase curves over the wavelengths expected from previous works.Methods.We used the Nishiharima Infrared Camera (NIC) installed at the Nishi-Harima Astronomical Observatory (NHAO) to observe these objects at multiple geometric configurations in theJ,H, andKsbands (λ ~1.2–2.3 µm).Results.Polarimetric parameters were determined and compared with previously reported experimental results. In particular, Vesta exhibits a characteristic change in the negative polarization branch as the wavelength increases to theKsband, which we interpret as an indication of the dominant existence ofD~ 10–20 µm particles. Our approach is supported by empirical reasoning and coincides well with an independent, theory-driven approach based on thermal modeling.Conclusions.This work demonstrates how near-infrared polarimetry can be utilized to quantitatively determine the particle size of airless objects. This finding will have important implications for asteroid taxonomy and regolith evolution.
Aspiration Pneumonia
Authors: Pan Di , Chung Samuel , Nielsen Erik , Niederman Michael S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAspiration pneumonia is a lower respiratory tract infection that results from inhalation of foreign material, often gastric and oropharyngeal contents. It is important to distinguish this from a similar entity, aspiration with chemical pneumonitis, as treatment approaches may differ. An evolving understanding of the human microbiome has shed light on the pathogenesis of aspiration pneumonia, suggesting that dysbiosis, repetitive injury, and inflammatory responses play a role in its development. Risk factors for aspiration events involve a complex interplay of anatomical and physiological dysfunctions in the nervous, gastrointestinal, and pulmonary systems. Current treatment strategies have shifted away from anaerobic organisms as leading pathogens. Prevention of aspiration pneumonia primarily involves addressing oropharyngeal dysphagia, a significant risk factor for aspiration pneumonia, particularly among elderly individuals and those with cognitive and neurodegenerative disorders.
Can evidence drive health equity in the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond?
Authors: Bell Katy , White Sam , Diaz Abbey , Bahria Priya , Sima Fiona , Al-Delaimy Wael K. , dosReis Susan , Hassan Omar , Drabarek Dorothy , Nisha Monjura , Baptiste-Roberts Kesha , Gwiazdon Katy , Raynes-Greenow Camille , Taylor Wilson Robin , Gaudino James A. , da Silveira Moreira Rafael , Jennings Bruce , Gulliver Pauline 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsing scoping review methods, we systematically searched multiple online databases for publications in the first year of the pandemic that proposed pragmatic population or health system-level solutions to health inequities. We found 77 publications with proposed solutions to pandemic-related health inequities. Most were commentaries, letters, or editorials from the USA, offering untested solutions, and no robust evidence on effectiveness. Some of the proposed solutions could unintentionally exacerbate health inequities. We call on health policymakers to co-create, co-design, and co-produce equity-focussed, evidence-based interventions with communities, focussing on those most at risk to protect the population as a whole. Epidemiologists collaborating with people from other relevant disciplines may provide methodological expertise for these processes. As epidemiologists, we must interrogate our own methods to avoid propagating any unscientific biases we may hold. Epidemiology must be used to address, and never exacerbate, health inequities—in the pandemic and beyond.
Numerical simulation of mixing effect of compressed air–foam gas–liquid mixer
Authors: Bai Bing , Xu Xiaodong , Liu Wenfang , Xu Panpan , Tian Zhijian , Zhang Jun , Ji Yun 
Published: January 2024

This article investigated the effect of geometric structural parameters on flow patterns and pressure drops and gas–liquid mixing effects of gas–liquid mixing devices. The computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT was used to calculate the airflow inside the mixer of a compressed air–foam gas–liquid mixing device with different cone angles, foam flow rates, air inlet inclination angles, and pipeline diameters. The results obtained are the pressure distribution, the liquid volume fraction, and the liquid phase streamlines in the mixing device. The numerical simulation results showed that for a gas–liquid mixing device, the optimal inlet inclination angle was 60°–70°, and the mixing effect of an equal diameter mixer was better than that of a variable diameter mixer, but it would reduce the mixing efficiency of the air and foam. The optimal pipeline diameter of the conveying pipeline was 190 mm, and the optimal cone angle of the mixing device was 55°.
Mouths, tongues, and ears
Authors: Mitchell Alice , Zimmermann Nicola 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates words for ‘language’ and their
possible source concepts in 130 African languages. Radden (2001) noted that words for ‘language’
almost always draw on more basic meanings and proposed a metonymic chain
from (i) speech organs to (ii) speaking as activity to (iii) speech as
“object” to (iv) language. Our sample provides additional evidence for these
semantic pathways, showing that ‘tongue’ and ‘mouth’ are important source
concepts for ‘language’ across Africa, as well as concepts relating to
speech. After summarizing the survey results, we consider the novel
extension ‘ear’ to ‘language’ in Datooga. While frequently attested
metonymic processes point to widespread conceptualizations of language as
embodied, we nonetheless find cultural variation in which aspects of speech
behavior provide conceptual material for words for ‘language’.
Notes on glottonyms and ethnonyms in Ethiopian languages
Authors: Leyew Zelealem 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper gives a grammatical and sociolinguistic
account of glottonyms and ethnonyms in Ethiopian languages. As a metonymic
relationship, glottonyms are derived from ethnonyms by attaching the roots
of the vocal organs: ‘mouth’, ‘tongue’ and ‘tooth’. The mouth-based
glottonyms are widespread in Cushitic, Omotic and Semitic languages.
Nilo-Saharan languages have mouth- and tongue-based glottonyms. Few
suppletive forms of glottonyms and ethnonyms were recorded. The use of
multiple names for the same language and ethnic group is frequent. The
disparity between endonyms and exonyms has long been a source of confusion.
In particular, the use of derogatory names has created discontent among
ethnolinguistic groups. To alleviate the problems emanating from this
polyonymous situation, a uniform use of endonyms as standard names is
proposed in this study.
Verbal lexicalization and cultural domains in Toposa
Authors: Schröder Helga 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Toposa, an Eastern Nilotic language of South Sudan,
packages a great deal of semantic information in verb roots. This chapter
investigates whether lexicalization processes in the verb can be linked to
the emergence of cultural “schemas”, “frames” or “scenarios” (Goddard & Wierzbicka, 2014).
The chapter shows that Toposa has refined verbal lexicalization in cultural
activities and scenarios in the lexical domains of mobility, sacrifices,
rituals, carrying, cutting, herding, transportation of goods, and
daily activities that at large reflect typical characteristics of the
pastoralist cultures of East Africa and thus suggests a link between culture
and language in the semantic domains of activity verbs.
Testing the effectiveness of a supportive digital information tool for patients recovering from bowel surgery, their
surgeons and nurses
Authors: Lonsdale Maria dos Santos , Baxter Matthew , Yao Qinxin , Yu Luwen , Chapman Stephen J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Colorectal surgery is a common procedure for bowel cancer, with communication of information playing a key role in
patient surgery preparation and recovery. Previous research has shown that surgery e-health tools are effective in many medical
contexts. With this in mind, an interactive app was developed using an iterative user-centred design and research process and a
multi-methods approach. The aim was to enhance communication between patients and medical staff and empower patients throughout
their recovery. Results showed the superiority of a mobile app in communicating information when compared to a printed booklet,
and to a tablet app variant.
Galaxy bias renormalization group
Authors: Rubira Henrique , Schmidt Fabian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The effective field theory of large-scale structure allows for a consistent perturbative
bias expansion of the rest-frame galaxy density field. In this work, we present a systematic
approach to renormalize galaxy bias parameters using a finite cutoff scale Λ. We derive
the differential equations of the Wilson-Polchinski renormalization group that describe the
evolution of the finite-scale bias parameters with Λ, analogous to the β-function
running in QFT. We further provide the connection between the finite-cutoff scheme and the
renormalization procedure for n-point functions that has been used as standard in the literature
so far; some inconsistencies in the treatment of renormalized bias in current EFT analyses are
pointed out as well. The fixed-cutoff scheme allows us to predict, in a principled way, the finite
part of loop contributions which is due to perturbative modes and which, in the standard
renormalization approach, is absorbed into counterterms. We expect that this will allow for the
robust extraction of (a yet-to-be-determined amount of) additional cosmological information from
galaxy clustering, both when using field-level techniques and n-point functions.
Trap induced broadening in a potential hydrogen lattice clock
Authors: Scott J P , Potvliege R M , Carty D , Jones M P A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We consider the potential use of optical traps for precision measurements in atomic hydrogen (H). Using an implicit summation method, we calculate the atomic polarisability, the rates of elastic/inelastic scattering and the ionisation rate in the wavelength range (395–1000) nm. We extend previous work to predict three new magic wavelengths for the 1S–2S transition. At the magic wavelengths, the 1S–2S transition is unavoidably and significantly broadened due to trap-induced ionisation associated with the high intensity required to trap the 1S state. However, we also find that this effect is partially mitigated by the low mass of H, which increases the trap frequency, enabling Lamb–Dicke confinement in shallow lattices. We find that a H optical lattice clock, free from the motional systematics which dominate in beam experiments, could operate with an intrinsic linewidth of the order of 1 kHz. Trap-induced losses are shown not to limit measurements of other transitions.
Research on capacity allocation of supercapacitor absorbing transient energy based on non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II
Authors: Yang Fengren , Wang Hong , Wang Zhijie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During the actual operation of the power system, various situations will be encountered. A slight disturbance will generate a relatively large transient energy in the system. Estimating the loss and reducing the transient energy well is a very worthwhile research topic. In this paper, we discussed the charging and discharging capability of supercapacitors, proposed a scheme of using parallel supercapacitors to absorb the transient energy generated after grid faults, established a supercapacitor capacity optimization model based on economy and absorption effect, used the NSGA-II Algorithm to find the size of the optimum supercapacitor capacity, and finally carried out modeling and simulating in MATLAB/SIMULINK to verify the absorption effect of the optimal capacity configuration on transient energy.
The combined application technology of solar heat utilization and ground source heat pump
Authors: Luo Ning , Liu Wei , Duan Yanglong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Energy issues play an increasingly important role in national security and economic development. The country has put forward the policy of building energy-saving and land-saving buildings. The application of the comprehensive utilization of renewable energy in the construction field has gradually become a need for technical progress and industry development. With the official promulgation and implementation of the Renewable Energy Law in 2006, the application of solar energy, geothermal energy, and other related renewable energy in the construction industry has attracted more and more attention. However, the scope of practical application is currently limited to solar energy alone to supply domestic hot water, power generation, or ground source heat pump system heating and cooling. The actual engineering cases of the combined operation of the two are relatively few, and the unreasonable joint operation mode leads to low system efficiency. In this paper, the combined application system of solar heat utilization and ground source heat pump is elaborated and analyzed in detail, from the technical feasibility, system efficiency, and other aspects of the analysis. It emphasizes the necessity and development prospect of the comprehensive utilization of renewable energy.
The construction of an alternative fuel skeleton with a simplified n-heptane / 1-butene mechanism
Authors: An Dayang , Zhang Defu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Diesel is an important energy in the current world development. The promotion of industrial development has also brought serious drawbacks, energy depletion, and environmental pollution. Hence, the construction of new alternative diesel fuel has become an indispensable problem. Based on the detailed mechanism model of n-heptane and 1-butene, the simplified mechanism model of n-heptane and 1-butene was constructed by using oxidation path and temperature sensitivity analysis and various mechanism simplification methods. The experimental results show that the ignition delay of the simplified mechanism and the concentration of main components meet the experimental requirements. Coupled with the two simplified mechanisms, a diesel simplified framework containing 136 components and 746 primitive reactions was constructed. The HCCI ignition time was calculated for the diesel simplified framework. The simplified framework of diesel oil can predict the ignition time of HCCI with high precision under different temperature conditions. It can accurately describe the fuel combustion process.
Emission characteristics of light gasoline vehicles in plateau dry-hot valley area
Authors: Zhang Jian , Deng Song , Liu Xiaoying , Zhao Shenglian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the emission problem of light-duty gasoline vehicles with climatic characteristics in the dry-hot valley of the plateau equipped with OBD and FGA-4100 automobile emission analyzer, the emission tests of light-duty vehicles were carried out under different indoor speeds, different loads, different outdoor speeds and different slopes. The results show that the CO emission is always above 4.5 g/h under different working conditions between 1300-1400 m above sea level. The emission of CO2 is always above 8332 g/h. The emission of HC is always above 0.02 g/h. NO emission is always above 0.1 g/h. In the experiment, temperature has a great influence on NO emission including the temperature of the engine itself and the ambient temperature. The emission increases with the increase of temperature. High altitude and automobile acceleration will cause incomplete combustion of the engine. At the same time, the emissions of HC and CO will increase with the elevation and automobile acceleration.
Study on fractal and energy dissipation characteristics of rock impact fragmentation in Junggar basin
Authors: Ma Yongqian , Tang Bo , Liu Xiaolan , Shao Ru , Zhu Huangang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In order to study the rock energy absorption and crushing fractal characteristics under impact load, the dynamic impact tests of rock in J1b formation in Junggar Basin were carried out by split Hopkinson bar. The strain rate effect on the crushing energy consumption and failure mode were analyzed. Combined with fractal dimension calculation and energy density analysis, the energy density and fractal characteristics of rocks during the impact process are studied. The results showed that the strain rate and energy density of the specimens are in line with the power relationship, the energy density increases with the strain rate, and the fractal dimension increases significantly with the increase of the strain rate, the energy density and fractal dimension of the specimen under dynamic load conform to a power relationship. The more energy absorbed by the rock, the more obvious the fractal characteristics are. The energy density combined with the fractal dimension calculation of rock fragmentation can quantitatively study the energy absorption law of rock per unit time.
Analysis of pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of several coals with different coal properties
Authors: Lou Zhongfa , Cheng Zhihai , Sun Kang , Wang Zhiwu , Jin Yonghua , Ma Chenyan , Bai Xue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Studying the pyrolysis and combustion properties of coal is advantageous for promoting the environmentally friendly and effective exploitation of this resource. To investigate the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of coal with varying types and properties, a thermal gravimetric experiment was conducted. This experiment aimed to determine the characteristic index and comprehensive combustion index. The pyrolysis characteristics of pulverized coal in a nitrogen atmosphere and the rapid combustion characteristics in an oxygen atmosphere were examined separately. The obtained results provide insights into the governing principles of the carbon content effect on the pyrolysis and combustion processes of pulverized coal particles. The findings indicate a positive correlation between the carbon content of coal and the efficiency of pyrolysis and combustion processes for pulverized coal particles. Moreover, a notable enhancement in the performance of pyrolysis and combustion is seen with increased carbon content.