bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing a baseline groundfish trawl survey for an offshore windfarm development area
Authors: Stokesbury Kevin D. E. , Cassidy Kyle , Lowery Travis M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Large-scale offshore windfarms are proposed along the U.S. Northeast coast; the first is the Vineyard Wind lease area, which is planned for construction in 2023. During the fall of 2018, an experimental bottom trawl survey in the Vineyard Wind lease area and adjacent control area was conducted to collect preliminary estimates of fish assemblage composition, density, and size distribution.

Methods
Initially, a new open cod end design was tested, but poor visibility due to fine substrate rendered the gear inefficient. The survey was completed using the traditional closed-tow method.

Result
The estimates of density and variance enabled a power analysis, which recommended a minimum of 20 tows in the development area and 20 tows in the control area to achieve a 25% chance of detecting a shift in the density of the four most abundant species.

Conclusion
These results led to the development of a seasonal bottom trawl survey beginning in 2019 using protocols that align with other shelfwide bottom trawl surveys.
Identifying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis through interactions with an internet search engine
Authors: Yom‐Tov Elad , Navar Indu , Fraenkel Ernest , Berry James D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a motor neuron disease, remains a clinical diagnosis with an average time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis of about 1 year. Herein we examine the possibility that interactions with an internet search engine can identify people with ALS.MethodsWe identified 285 anonymous Bing users whose queries indicated that they had been diagnosed with ALS and matched them to: (1) 3276 control users; and (2) 1814 users whose searches indicated they had ALS disease mimics. We tested whether the ALS group could be distinguished from controls and disease mimics based on search engine query data. Finally, we conducted a prospective validation from participants who provided access to their Bing search data.ResultsThe model distinguished between the ALS group and controls with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81. Model scores for the ALS group differed from the disease mimics group (rank sum test, p < .05 with Bonferroni correction). Mild cognitive impairment could not be distinguished from ALS (p > .05). In the prospective analysis, the model reached an AUC of 0.74.DiscussionOur results suggest that interactions with search engines should be further studied to understand the potential to act as a tool to assist in screening for ALS and to reduce diagnostic delay.
Student‐veterans face gap between housing stipend, actual needs
Authors: Sutton Halley 
Published: October 2023

A pair of studies have pointed out the financial hardships that student‐veterans face when transitioning to higher education, even when utilizing the GI Bill. One study, done by the Pew Charitable Trusts, found that student‐veterans may take out more student loans to cover gaps between the monthly housing allotment from the GI Bill and actual housing costs. The other analysis, also conducted by Pew, found that living expenses — housing in particular — were the top expense covered by student loans for student‐veterans.
Thermal decomposition characteristics and compatibility analysis of pulverized coal‐doped ammonium nitrate fuel oil (PCANFO) explosive by microcalorimeter
Authors: Tu Changchang , Wang Quan , Su Haoxiang , Li Zhimin , Zhu Qunlong , Yang Rui , Zhu Wenyan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn order to study the compatibility of pulverized coal‐doped ammonium nitrate fuel oil (PCANFO) explosives and the effect of pulverized coal on the stability of ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) explosives, the thermal decomposition characteristics of ANFO explosives and three types of PCANFO explosives containing 5, 10 and 15 wt% pulverized coal were investigated. The initial stage of their thermal decomposition reactions was analyzed using the Arrhenius equation to determine kinetic parameters, including the heat of reaction (ΔH), apparent activation energy (Ea), and pre‐exponential factor (lnA). Additionally, the compatibility of PCANFO explosive was evaluated based on standard experimental method GJB 772 A–97 502.1. According to the study, the crystal transformation time of ammonium nitrate (AN) was extended by around 75 s by the addition of pulverized coal. The thermal decomposition time of ANFO explosive decreased as the amount of pulverized coal increased. The heat of reaction for the explosive samples was measured and found to be in the order of 2282 kJ kg−1, 3302 kJ kg−1, 3243 kJ kg−1, and 3301 kJ kg−1. The addition of pulverized coal to the system resulted in decreased thermal stability and an increase in the apparent activation energy, which was measured to be in the order of 185.5 kJ mol−1, 196.2 kJ mol−1, 235.5 kJ mol−1, and 262.5 kJ mol−1. A mixture of 5 % pulverized coal and ANFO explosive received a rating of level 1, indicating high compatibility. However, mixtures containing 10 % or more pulverized coal received a rating of level 4, indicating poor compatibility.
Synthesis of Solketal Ethers as Cold Flow Improver for Palm‐Based Biodiesel
Authors: Armylisas Abu Hassan Noor , Hoong Seng Soi , Maznee Tuan Ismail Tuan Noor , Yeong Shoot Kian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, glycerol derivatives, namely solketal ethers (SEs), were synthesized by Williamson etherification of solketal with alkyl bromide, catalyzed by tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) and basic aqueous potassium hydroxide (KOH). Under optimized reaction conditions: solketal/alkyl bromide (1 : 1), TBAI (5 mol %), KOH solution (2 equiv), 100 °C, 24 hours, SE were obtained between 21 and 94 %. The influence of the incorporation of SE in palm‐based biodiesel was evaluated using kinematic viscosity, cloud point (CP), and pour point (PP). The addition of 5 wt % of 4‐((butoxy)methyl)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxolane reduced PP and CP by 5 and 3 °C, respectively, with viscosity values well within the range of ASTM D6751‐12 standard specifications.
Distinguishing pathways from bullying victimization to nonsuicidal self‐injury and to cyberaggression: Do perceived ostracism and depression mediate their links?
Authors: Song Chao , Liu Luming , Wang Wenchao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBullying victimization is related to increased aggressive behaviour, but little research considers both self‐ (e.g., nonsuicidal self‐injury; NSSI) and other‐directed (e.g., cyberaggression) outcomes. Moreover, little is known about the mediating mechanisms that underlie this relationship. Based on the General Aggression Model, the current study investigates the mediating roles of Perceived ostracism (PO) and depression in the relationship between bullying victimization and cyberaggression/NSSI among emerging adult. A total of 795 emerging adults (Mage = 19.66 years, SD = 1.46; 59.9% female) completed a multimeasure questionnaire measuring the targeted variables at three time points over one year. Structural equation modelling was used to test temporal mediation. After controlling for gender, age, and family monthly income, bullying victimization was found to positively predict later cyberaggression and NSSI. Mediation analysis revealed that the longitudinal association between bullying victimization and cyberaggression was mediated by PO; the longitudinal association between bullying victimization and NSSI was mediated by depression and was sequentially mediated by PO and depression. These findings extend the theory, prevention and interventions to include both self‐ and other‐directed aggressive behaviour in the bullying context. Future research and practice may benefit from an emphasis on PO and depression‐focused psychological interventions.
DRS: A deep reinforcement learning enhanced Kubernetes scheduler for microservice‐based system
Authors: Jian Zhaolong , Xie Xueshuo , Fang Yaozheng , Jiang Yibing , Lu Ye , Dash Ankan , Li Tao , Wang Guiling 
Published: October 2023

SummaryRecently, Kubernetes is widely used to manage and schedule the resources of microservices in cloud‐native distributed applications, as the most famous container orchestration framework. However, Kubernetes preferentially schedules microservices to nodes with rich and balanced CPU and memory resources on a single node. The native scheduler of Kubernetes, called Kube‐scheduler, may cause resource fragmentation and decrease resource utilization. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning enhanced Kubernetes scheduler named DRS. We initially frame the Kubernetes scheduling problem as a Markov decision process with intricately designed state, action, and reward structures in an effort to increase resource usage and decrease load imbalance. Then, we design and implement DRS mointor to perceive six parameters concerning resource utilization and create a thorough picture of all available resources globally. Finally, DRS can automatically learn the scheduling policy through interaction with the Kubernetes cluster, without relying on expert knowledge about workload and cluster status. We implement a prototype of DRS in a Kubernetes cluster with five nodes and evaluate its performance. Experimental results highlight that DRS overcomes the shortcomings of Kube‐scheduler and achieves the expected scheduling target with three workloads. With only 3.27% CPU overhead and 0.648% communication delay, DRS outperforms Kube‐scheduler by 27.29% in terms of resource utilization and reduces load imbalance by 2.90 times on average.
Effect of non‐local modified couple stress theory on the responses of axially moving thermoelastic nano‐beams
Authors: Abouelregal Ahmed E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present study examines the lateral thermal vibrations of a nanobeam subjected to an axial motion while being influenced by a sinusoidal thermal load. The partial differential equation describing the system was obtained using the extended Hamiltonian principle. Also considered were the Euler‐Bernoulli (EB) beam, the nonlocal couple stress theory, and Eringen's nonlocal elasticity model. This type of axially moving beam has multiple applications in design, including industrial, civil, structural, chemical, and computer engineering. The Laplace transform technique is utilized to translate partial differential equations into a thermoelastic differential equation of the sixth order. This study investigates the impact of nanobeam size and velocity on thermo‐mechanical characteristics. To explore the impacts of axial velocity, pulse width, nonlocal index, material length scale coefficient, and phase lag coefficients on the examined studied fields, such as lateral vibration and temperature change for the moving nanobeam are calculated. The specified factors were discovered to impact the flexibility and dynamic response of the nanobeam substantially.
On the static condensation of initially not rectilinear beams
Authors: Lenci Stefano , Sorokin Sergey 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTwo weakly nonlinear integral equations of motion commonly used in the literature to study the nonlinear dynamics of straight and initially not rectilinear Euler‐Bernoulli beams, respectively, are further investigated. Attention is focused on the process known as “static condensation”, which consists of neglecting the axial inertia in the exact, fully nonlinear system of equations of motion to determine the axial displacement as a function of the transversal one. The novelty of the paper relies on showing that, contrarily to expectation and somehow surprisingly, the integral equation for beams with a not rectilinear initial configuration cannot be obtained by the static condensation process starting from the exact, fully nonlinear, equations of motion, apart from a very particular and specific case. On the contrary, it is confirmed the well‐known result that for rectilinear beams the integral equation can be obtained by the static condensation. This highlights a major difference between the two integral equations in terms of reliability and allows us a better understanding of the integral equation of rectilinear beams, underlying its stronger mathematical background than the classical counterpart for not straight beams (i.e., its being obtainable from the exact, fully nonlinear, equations of motion via static condensation), which provides it with a “special” behavior and makes it more trustworthy.
Heavy neutrino-antineutrino oscillations at the FCC-ee
Authors: Antusch Stefan , Hajer Jan , Oliveira Bruno M. S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We discuss the impact of heavy neutrino-antineutrino oscillations ($$ \textrm{N}\overline{\textrm{N}}\textrm{Os} $$
N

N
¯

Os
) on heavy neutral lepton (HNL) searches at proposed electron-positron colliders such as the future circular e+e− collider (FCC-ee). During the Z pole run, HNLs can be produced alongside a light neutrino or antineutrino that escapes detection and can decay into a charged lepton or antilepton together with an off-shell W boson. In this case, signals of lepton number violation (LNV) only show up in the final state distributions. We discuss how $$ \textrm{N}\overline{\textrm{N}}\textrm{Os} $$
N

N
¯

Os
, a typical feature of collider-testable low-scale seesaw models where the heavy neutrinos form pseudo-Dirac pairs, modify such final state distributions. For example, the forward-backward asymmetry (FBA) of the reconstructed heavy (anti)neutrinos develops an oscillatory dependence on the HNL lifetime. We show that these oscillations can be resolvable for long-lived HNLs. We also discuss that when the $$ \textrm{N}\overline{\textrm{N}}\textrm{Os} $$
N

N
¯

Os
are not resolvable, they can nevertheless significantly modify the theory predictions for FBAs and observables such as the ratio of the total number of HNL decays into ℓ− over ones into ℓ+, in an interval of the angle θ between the HNL and the beam axis. Our results show that $$ \textrm{N}\overline{\textrm{N}}\textrm{Os} $$
N

N
¯

Os
should be included in collider simulations of HNLs at the FCC-ee.
Top Secrets: long-lived ALPs in top production
Authors: Rygaard L. , Niedziela J. , Schäfer R. , Bruggisser S. , Alimena J. , Westhoff S. , Blekman F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We investigate the discovery potential for long-lived particles produced in association with a top-antitop quark pair at the (High-Luminosity) LHC. Compared to inclusive searches for a displaced vertex, top-associated signals offer new trigger options and an extra handle to suppress background. We design a search strategy for a displaced di-muon vertex in the tracking detectors, in association with a reconstructed top-antitop pair. For axion-like particles with masses above the di-muon threshold, we find that the (High-Luminosity) LHC can probe effective top-quark couplings as small as |ctt|/fa = 0.03 (0.002)/TeV and proper decay lengths as long as 20 (300) m, assuming a cross section of 1 fb, with data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 150 fb−1 (3 ab−1). Our predictions suggest that searches for top-associated displaced di-muons will explore new terrain in the current sensitivity gap between searches for prompt di-muons and missing energy.
On the dynamical origin of the η′ potential and the axion mass
Authors: Csáki Csaba , D’Agnolo Raffaele Tito , Gupta Rick S. , Kuflik Eric , Roy Tuhin S. , Ruhdorfer Maximilian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We investigate the dynamics responsible for generating the potential of the η′, the (would-be) Goldstone boson associated with the anomalous axial U(1) symmetry of QCD. The standard lore posits that pure QCD dynamics generates a confining potential with a branched structure as a function of the θ angle, and that this same potential largely determines the properties of the η′ once fermions are included. Here we test this picture by examining a supersymmetric extension of QCD with a small amount of supersymmetry breaking generated via anomaly mediation. For pure SU(N) QCD without flavors, we verify that there are N branches generated by gaugino condensation. Once quarks are introduced, the flavor effects qualitatively change the strong dynamics of the pure theory. For F flavors we find |N − F| branches, whose dynamical origin is gaugino condensation in the unbroken subgroup for F < N – 1, and in the dual gauge group for F > N + 1. For the special cases of F = N – 1, N, N + 1 we find no branches and the entire potential is consistent with being a one-instanton effect. The number of branches is a simple consequence of the selection rules of an anomalous U(1)R symmetry. We find that the η′ mass does not vanish in the large N limit for fixed F/N, since the anomaly is non-vanishing. The same dynamics that is responsible for the η′ potential is also responsible for the axion potential. We present a simple derivation of the axion mass formula for an arbitrary number of flavors.
Semiclassical analysis of the bifundamental QCD on ℝ2 × T2 with ’t Hooft flux
Authors: Hayashi Yui , Tanizaki Yuya , Watanabe Hiromasa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study the phase structure of bifundamental quantum chromodynamics (QCD(BF)), which is the 4-dimensional SU(N) × SU(N) gauge theory coupled with the bifundamental fermion. Firstly, we refine constraints on its phase diagram from ’t Hooft anomalies and global inconsistencies, and we find more severe constraints than those in previous literature about QCD(BF). Secondly, we employ the recently-proposed semiclassical approach for confining vacua to investigate this model concretely, and this is made possible via anomaly-preserving T2 compactification. For sufficiently small T2 with the ’t Hooft flux, the dilute gas approximation of center vortices gives reliable semiclassical computations, and we determine the phase diagram as a function of the fermion mass m, two strong scales Λ1, Λ2, and two vacuum angles, θ1, θ2. In particular, we find that the QCD(BF) vacuum respects the ℤ2 exchange symmetry of two gauge groups. Under the assumption of the adiabatic continuity, our result successfully explains one of the conjectured phase diagrams in the previous literature and also gives positive support for the nonperturbative validity of the large-N orbifold equivalence between QCD(BF) and $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 SU(2N) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We also comment on problems of domain walls.
The local SYK model and its triple-scaling limit
Authors: Anegawa Takanori , Iizuka Norihiro , Sake Sunil Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study a model of fermions with random couplings similar to conventional SYK with N number of flavours of fermions, at large N. Unlike the conventional SYK model, which has all-to-all couplings, the model we study, which we call local SYK, has a much less number of random couplings, just N in number and with only local interactions. It is shown that there exists a limit in which the local SYK model can be solved using the chord diagram techniques, analogous to the double-scaled limit of conventional SYK. This limit corresponds to taking the size of the fermion coupling terms, q, to scale linearly with N. A further triple-scaling limit is taken to analyze the low energy limit and it is shown that the OTOCs saturate the chaos bound, paralleling the analysis in the conventional SYK.
On hypersymmetry in three dimensions
Authors: Zinoviev Yu. M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work we presented a number of explicit examples for the cubic vertices describing an interaction of massless spin-$$ \frac{5}{2} $$

5
2

field with massive boson and fermion including all hypertransformations necessary for the vertices to be gauge invariant. Here we restrict ourselves with the massive bosons with spins s = 2, 1, 0 and massive fermions with spins s = $$ \frac{3}{3} $$

3
3

, $$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

. Our general analysis predicted that the vertex must exist for any boson and fermion with the spin difference $$ \frac{3}{2} $$

3
2

or $$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

. And indeed it appeared that the vertex exists for all six possible pairs (2, 1, 0) ⊗ ($$ \frac{3}{2} $$

3
2

, $$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

). As in the case of massive supermultiplets, our construction is based on the gauge invariant description for the massive fields with spins s ≥ 1. Moreover, we have explicitly checked that all the vertices are invariant also under the gauge symmetries of these massive fields.
PATJ inhibits histone deacetylase 7 to control tight junction formation and cell polarity
Authors: Fiedler Julia , Moennig Thomas , Hinrichs Johanna H. , Weber Annika , Wagner Thomas , Hemmer Tim , Schröter Rita , Weide Thomas , Epting Daniel , Bergmann Carsten , Nedvetsky Pavel , Krahn Michael P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe conserved multiple PDZ-domain containing protein PATJ stabilizes the Crumbs-Pals1 complex to regulate apical-basal polarity and tight junction formation in epithelial cells. However, the molecular mechanism of PATJ’s function in these processes is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that knockout of PATJ in epithelial cells results in tight junction defects as well as in a disturbed apical-basal polarity and impaired lumen formation in three-dimensional cyst assays. Mechanistically, we found PATJ to associate with and inhibit histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7). Inhibition or downregulation of HDAC7 restores polarity and lumen formation. Gene expression analysis of PATJ-deficient cells revealed an impaired expression of genes involved in cell junction assembly and membrane organization, which is rescued by the downregulation of HDAC7. Notably, the function of PATJ regulating HDAC7-dependent cilia formation does not depend on its canonical interaction partner, Pals1, indicating a new role of PATJ, which is distinct from its function in the Crumbs complex. By contrast, polarity and lumen phenotypes observed in Pals1- and PATJ-deficient epithelial cells can be rescued by inhibition of HDAC7, suggesting that the main function of this polarity complex in this process is to modulate the transcriptional profile of epithelial cells by inhibiting HDAC7.
A modified paleoplacer model for the metaconglomerate-hosted gold deposits at Jacobina, Brazil
Authors: Garayp Enzio , Frimmel Hartwig E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEvidence is presented that the metaconglomerate-hosted Jacobina gold deposits in Brazil represent paleoplacers that became partly remobilized during later metamorphic overprint analogous to Witwatersrand-type deposits elsewhere, notably in South Africa. This includes strong lithological and sedimentological control on the gold, presence of detrital minerals with gold inclusions, and detrital gold particles. Detrital, synsedimentary, and post-depositional pyrite types can be differentiated. Whereas the first two types can be linked to gold accumulation, the latter was associated with gold dispersion. Synsedimentary pyrite has the highest Au content, from which elevated Au concentrations in Archean rivers can be inferred. The nature and extent of post-depositional alteration, mainly in the course of the Paleoproterozoic Orogeny, distinguishes the Jacobina deposits from other Witwatersrand-type gold deposits. Phase equilibria and Zr-in-rutile thermometry indicate peak metamorphic temperatures of ca. 600 °C. Both Mg-chlorite and Fe-chlorite formed in disequilibrium at approximately 280–340 °C during retrograde metamorphism. An igneous signature in the chemistry of some of the tourmaline and the remobilization of gold associated with Fe-oxides, near intrusive rocks, point at a local magmatic influence on the post-depositional mineralization stage. Whether magmatic hydrothermal fluids added Au to the system at that stage remains to be determined. Remobilization during regional metamorphism was insufficient to form substantial ore bodies but led to purification of the initially detrital gold particles that now contain relatively little Ag and Cu and lack Hg.