bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a fixed combination of amlodipine/indapamide in hypertensive patients in real clinical practice
Authors: Luneva Yu. V. , Povetkin S. V. , Artyushkova E. B. 
Published: December 2023

Objective. To assess the possibility of obtaining and the degree of additional antihypertensive effect, the dynamics of vascular wall stiffness parameters, vascular age indicators in patients with uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) when transferring from previous therapy to a fixed combination of amlodipine/indapamide in typical outpatient practice.Design and methods. Twenty-five patients with 1–3 degree HTN who got a prescription of a fixed combination of amlodipine/indapamide (ARIFAM 5/1,5 or 10/1,5 mg, Servier) were included in the study. The follow-up duration was 2 months and included the following methods: clinical assessment (systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate), with titration of the drug dose every two weeks; double assessment (at the beginning and at the end of the study) of arterial stiffness based on the determination of the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), biological age of vessels using the VaSeraVS‑1500N volumetric sphygmography device, as well as quality of life indicators (SF‑36 questionnaire). The reliability of changes in the studied parameters during active outpatient management of patients was assessed.Results. Combined pharmacotherapy using a fixed combination of amlodipine/indapamide was well tolerated by all patients. We recorded a significant decrease in SBP on average by 31,0 ± 10,6 mmHg, DBP by 11,0 [7,0; 20,0] mmHg, and the achievement of the target SBP level at the end of the 2nd month was shown in 17 (68 %) patients, the target DBP level was found in 100 % of patients. A significant decrease in vascular wall stiffness parameters was shown as a decrease in the CAVI index (p = 0,034), a decrease in AI (p = 0,0001) and the PEP/ET ratio of the Veissler coefficient (p = 0,009), as well as in the calculated vascular age indicator (p = 0,00001). Significant (p = 0,0001) changes were recorded for most data of quality of life (SF‑36) in patients with HTN, with the exception of the social functioning scale.Conclusions. Combined pharmacotherapy of patients with 1–3 degree HTN with the inclusion of a fixed combination drug amlodipine/indapamide with prolonged release has a clear positive effect, i. e. improved hemodynamic parameters, a significant reduction in vascular stiffness, a decrease in vascular age and improved quality of life.
Small Cities: Results of The Struggle Between Two Positions
Authors: Shirokalova Galina 
Published: December 2023

The destruction of the USSR led to the deindustrialization of Russia, particularly in small cities, including the closure of agro-industrial enterprises closely connected with the disrupted agricultural sector. The reduction/alteration of the labour market in small towns and rural areas caused population outflow, fundamentally distinguishing contemporary mass migration. The scale of moving to gas and oil production areas and capital cities has increased. Significant regional disparities in salaries also became a factor, even seen in the minimum wage (MROT), upon which many calculations and allowances rely. For instance, in Moscow in 2023, it stands at 24,801 rubles, while in the Yaroslavl region, it's 16,242 rubles. The formation of a &amp;quot;service economy&amp;quot; in the guise of a &amp;quot;servant economy&amp;quot; (security, cleaning, resale, catering, food delivery, tutoring, etc.), often yielding good income but not demanding specialised knowledge, is another factor propelling migration from peripheral areas.
The depopulation of Central Russia, Siberia, the North, and the Far East, coupled with the loss of food security, demanded that the government formulate plans for the country's territorial development. This article analyses two development concepts characterising the discourse within the spatial infrastructure of the country. The first relies on the economic efficiency of investments in agglomerations and the unprofitability of supporting small settlements. Its proponents' arguments were most clearly articulated by E.S. Nabiullina in 2011 when she held the position of Minister of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. This concept continues the traditions initiated by the &amp;quot;young reformers&amp;quot; in the 1990s: what brings quick revenue and reduces costs is considered promising.
The second concept is based on analysing the functions of small cities as elements not only of the economic infrastructure but also of the geopolitical, domestic political, geographic, and social infrastructure. The article particularly emphasises the works of scholars from related disciplines such as geography and economics, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of the role and position of small cities within the socio-economic space of the country.
Innovations in the Russian School: Categorical Analysis, Social Realities and Barriers, Prospects
Authors: Matveeva Natalia , Zamyatina Olga , Mashkevich Anastasia 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify social barriers to innovation in modern Russian schools based on the analysis of empirical sociological material, to interpret them in the context of risks and consequences for the innovative development of the general education system. Preliminary to the analysis of empirical data, the authors conduct a categorical analysis of educational innovation. The need for significant improvement and expediency are emphasised as key characteristics of innovation. The innovativeness of education is considered in conjunction with the social functions of education and the professional activities of the teacher. The fetishisation of innovation and bureaucratic practices of managing it are justifiably pointed out as a source of social barriers to the development of innovative activity in a modern school. A relatively new contradiction in the sociology of education is identified between the need for innovative development of the general education system and the presence of social barriers to the innovative activity of all participants in educational relations. Based on the analysis of the results of a sociological study conducted by online questioning, the following barriers are identified: notional, conceptual, organisational, content-managerial, blurred perception of obstacles, professional overload, competence and information. It has been revealed that all the subjects of innovation activities at school act as social sources and carriers of barriers to innovation: teachers, the administration of an educational organisation, specialists from educational authorities. It has been determined that the impact of these factors on the innovative development of the general education system is complex and systemic.
Taking into account the high risk of their negative impact on the innovative development of the general education system, specific areas of activity for researchers and managers are formulated on a local, regional and federal scale. They concern the elaboration of the problem of innovation in the interdisciplinary synthesis of scientific disciplines studying education; development of targets, planning technology, determination of content and performance indicators of innovative development of the general education system in Russia; increasing the professional level of teachers and education managers for innovative activities; changes in the principles of innovation management in education. Systematic actions in these directions can minimise the negative manifestations of barriers to innovation and ensure a sustainable perspective for the innovative development of the education system.
The Basic Income Paradigm and Its Impact on Human Development Opportunities
Authors: Bobkov Vyacheslav 
Published: December 2023

The actualisation of research interest in the issue of basic income is driven by growing inequalities in various aspects of people's lives and the unfair distribution of material and social goods in capitalist states. Providing a basic income opens up opportunities to enhance social guarantees and the standard of living for citizens.
The article examines the ideological paradigms of the social consequences of implementing basic income. It is shown that in capitalist states, this payment, judging by numerous experiments, is being implemented in transitional forms. Its introduction serves as one of the adaptive mechanisms for capital to adapt to the modern conditions of profit extraction. The antagonistic interests of ruling classes and the majority of citizens, as well as the fragmentation of the private interests of the latter, do not allow the widespread implementation of basic income in full accordance with its fundamental criteria. The main criteria include universality – payment to all citizens, unconditionality – payment regardless of employment and other characteristics of the economic and social status of individuals, and regularity – payment throughout the entire lives of basic income recipients.
The possibility of adhering to the fundamental criteria for providing basic income is justified in the implementation of a socialist paradigm for the development of modern states. It is demonstrated that in contemporary Russia, an evolutionary resolution of accumulated contradictions and a phased implementation of a new socialist development paradigm are possible. This could potentially be a chain of humanitarian transformations, conditioned by the circumstances that have emerged. The beginning of this transformation has already been initiated after February 2022 with the expansion of state ownership in key economic sectors, the introduction of state planning within them, the demand for new personnel prioritising collective and state values to address these issues. All this does not contradict the development of market sectors of the economy, oriented toward individual citizens' needs and the development of their diverse personal potential, as well as servicing state ownership in key sectors and facilitating comprehensive international economic connections.
Sociological research conducted under the author's guidance has shown that potential recipients of basic income in Russia confirm their intentions to develop their human potential and consider it advisable to conduct experiments on the provision of basic income.
In conclusion, it is concluded that the introduction of basic income, in conjunction with other instruments of socialist evolution of Russian society and the state, represents an opportunity for the development and realisation of human potential in our country.
Once Again about the Feasibility of Universal Basic Income
Authors: Zolotov Aleksandr 
Published: December 2023

The article examines the problem of the feasibility of a universal basic income (UBI) in modern society/world. Three main aspects of this problem are formulated: the feasibility of implementing UBI, taking into account the relationship between the positive and negative socio-economic effects of this measure; the degree of compliance of UBI with the institutional system of modern society; possibility of financing UBI in the amount of the subsistence minimum. The controversial impact of UBI on public welfare, economic growth and the lifestyle of members of society is revealed. Arguments are given in favour of the compatibility of UBI with the functioning of the labour market. A conclusion is drawn about the potential predominance of the positive effects of using UBI in the context of an established understanding of development as a person gaining freedom. There has been a tendency to provide socially significant benefits (education, medical care) to all members of society, regardless of their income level. Using the example of family capital analysis, the illegitimateness of linking social security only with the task of poverty reduction is substantiated. UBI is presented as a logical step in the implementation of the trend towards universal social support. The role of the minimum wage (SMW) as a state-guaranteed basic income for a worker is analysed. The need to pay UBI to employees along with the minimum wage has been questioned. The difference is shown between the current practice of using the minimum wage and the implementation of the minimum wage as a form of UBI (earnings in the amount of a share of the minimum wage for part-time employment, the possibility of wage arrears). Measures to overcome this difference are justified (salary at a level not lower than the minimum wage, regardless of the amount of time worked, payment of UBI from a special fund during the period of arrears in wages, with subsequent reimbursement of these expenses to the fund at the expense of the employer).
It is proposed to include a state-guaranteed basic income as an element in all types of income from economic activity. Calculations are presented showing that the total costs of paying UBI in the amount of the subsistence minimum will amount to about a third of household expenditures on final consumption in GDP, that demonstrates the possibility of financing UBI. A conclusion is drawn about the fundamental feasibility of UBI in all aspects considered.
Single-step, electrophoretically deposited hydroxyapatite/poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan/gentamicin coating for biomedical applications
Authors: Jaćimović Nevena , Djošić Marija , Jankovic Ana , Grujić Svetlana , Matić Bujagić Ivana , Stojanović Jovica , Vukašinović-Sekulić Maja , Kojić Vesna , Mišković-Stanković Vesna 
Published: December 2023

Biocomposite hydroxyapatite/poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan/gentamicin coatings were fabricated on titanium by electrophoretic deposition process (EPD) from an aqueous suspension using the constant voltage method. Characterization of the deposited coatings was performed by scanning electron microscopy with field emission (FE–SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C. The concentration of the released gentamicin was determined using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a mass spectrometer (MS). The release profile confirmed an initial “burst-release effect” with ~ 30% of gentamicin released in the first 48 h, which could be of assistance in the prevention of biofilm formation. Antibacterial activity was proven by the agar diffusion method on Staphylococcus aureus TL and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 bacterial strains. Cytotoxicity was tested by the dye exclusion test (DET) on MRC-5 and L929 fibroblast cell lines, with both coatings expressing nontoxicity. The results showed the high applicability potential of a poly(vinyl alcohol)-based biocomposite coating for medical purposes.
KLL Olgularında NOTCH1 Gen Amplifikasyonu
Authors: IŞIK Sevgi , GÜNDEN Gülçin , OGUZ DAVUTOGLU Nur , ÖZEN Hülya , ERZURUMLUOĞLU Ebru , ÇİLİNGİR Oğuz , ARTAN Sevilhan , GUNDUZ Eren , DURAK ARAS Beyhan 
Published: December 2023

Kronik lenfositik lösemi (KLL) ileri yaş hastalarda en sık gözlenen lösemi türü olup, hem klinik hem de genetik açıdan oldukça heterojen bir hastalıktır. Kronik lenfositik lösemi de tekrarlayan kromozom anomalilerinin prognostik önemleri uzun yıllardır bilinmekte olup, gen mutasyonlarının da klinik önemleri açığa kavuşmaya başlamıştır. NOTCH1 gen mutasyonları KLL’de en sık mutasyon gözlenen gen olup, tedavi direnci ve Richter Sendromuna dönüşüm ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda NOTCH1 gen amplifikasyonları çeşitli kanser tiplerinde raporlanmıştır. Bizim daha önce izole delesyon 13q saptanan KLL vakaları ile yaptığımız bir çalışmada NOTCH1 gen dizisini içeren kopya sayısı artışları mikroarray yöntemi ile saptanmıştır ancak klinik bulgular ile ilişkilendirilmemiştir.
Biz de bu çalışmamızda çeşitli kromozomal anomalilere sahip ve daha fazla KLL olgusuna ait periferik kan örneklerinde NOTCH1 gen kopya sayısı artışlarını FISH yöntemi ile incelemeyi ve KLL’nin klinik heterojenitesinde NOTCH1 amplifikasyonunun etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.
Çalışmaya dahil edilen 130 KLL vakasının 4’ünde FISH çalışması başarısızlıkla tamamlanmış olup, geriye kalan 126 olgunun hiçbirinde NOTCH1 gen kopya sayısı değişikliği tespit edilmemiştir.
Çalışmamız sonucunda KLL’nin klinik heterojenitesinde NOTCH1 gen amplifikasyonlarının bir etkisi olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Ancak olgu grubumuzun büyük kısmının, iyi prognostik etkiye sahip sitogenetik belirteçlere sahip olması sebebiyle, kötü klinik seyre sahip, daha fazla sayıda KLL vakalarında NOTCH1 gen kopya sayısının araştırılması gerekmektedir.
The pitfalls or gaps in monitoring and evaluation tools during Coronavirus disease 2019 era in South African municipalities
Authors: Yekani Babalo , Ngcamu Bethuel Sibongiseni , Pillay Sareesha 
Published: December 2023

The South African municipalities have continued to demonstrate weaknesses or inadequacies in monitoring and evaluation (M&E). A possible barrier in South African municipalities is a lack of M&E expertise. While M&E can provide valuable insights into the effectiveness and efficiency of a programme, some potential pitfalls and gaps were discovered during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A case study design was employed to conduct in-depth and detailed examination within two metropolitan municipalities in the Eastern Cape. A mixed methods approach was adopted in a convergent manner for data collection and analysis. In-depth interviews were utilised to collect data from 13 senior municipal managers at the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM) and the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM). A total of 191 questionnaires were despatched to municipal employees and 186 were returned, giving a 97% response rate. The findings reflect the weaknesses of M&E policies in the municipalities and paints a picture of M&E not being prioritised in the municipality. The findings also reflect the current situation at the municipalities concerned, which is that there are pitfalls and gaps when it comes to evaluation measures. Thus, the study concludes that accountability for financial and performance management is non-existent. This study attempts to make a valuable contribution by providing technical assistance, capacity building to ensure that municipalities have effective M&E systems in place to monitor and evaluate service delivery and improve the lives of communities.
Reflecting on the experience of the rationalisation and consolidation of the faculties and campuses at Walter Sisulu University: successes and challenges
Authors: Magadana Zikile 
Published: December 2023

One of six comprehensive universities in South Africa, the Walter Sisulu University (WSU) combines the best academic credentials from universities and technikons in an effort to effectively meet the socio-economic development needs of the nation, in the Eastern Cape Province, and the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Chris Hani Municipality, King Sabata Dalindyebo Municipality. An institution of a new generation, the WSU is more than the sum of its parts. Its goal is to improve community potential through quality academic programs, research, and community engagement projects with a strong emphasis on involvement and sustainable development. This article considers the different successes and difficulties associated with the WSU rationalization and consolidation of faculties. This theoretical article observes that the government started using rationalization and consolidation as a tool to reconfigure and reform the higher education sector. Rationalization and consolidation are nothing new, and several nations have used them to revamp or reorganize their higher education industries. The article provides literature debates and scholarly background on comparing the South African higher education sector's proposed rationalisation and consolidation to those of other nations' higher education sectors, however, would reveal the most ambitious reform program ever launched in recent memory. The conceptual paper adopts a thematic qualitative approach. The primary wave of the mergers mandated by the government that happened in 2004 and 2005 was preceded by the 2002 merger of Walter Sisulu University.
OPTIMIZING HARD QOS AND SECURITY WITH DISJOINT PATH ROUTING
Authors: Lemeshko Oleksandr , Yeremenko Oleksandra , Yevdokymenko Maryna , Sleiman Batoul 
Published: December 2023

Background. The combination of secure routing and hard QoS is a worthwhile topic that involves designing and implementing network protocols and systems that can provide high performance and robust protection for data flow due to shared goals. Secure QoS routing over disjoint paths is a challenging problem that requires balancing the trade-off between network security and bandwidth guarantees.
Objective. This article investigates a mathematical model that can address secure QoS routing by formulating it as an optimization problem with a linear objective function and linear or bilinear constraints. The objective function aims to minimize the paths compromise probability, while the constraints ensure that the total bandwidth of the paths meets the QoS requirements.
Methods. We use computer simulation of hard QoS and security with disjoint path routing. Also we use mathematical programming methods in order to describe secure QoS routing.
Results. The article presents a numerical study of the model using different scenarios and parameters. The results show that the model can effectively provide secure QoS routing over disjoint paths with a high bandwidth guarantee level and a low compromise probability. The work analyses the sensitivity of the solutions to the QoS requirements and reveals that there is usually some margin in the bandwidth provision.
Conclusions. The proposed model is a promising tool for secure QoS routing over disjoint paths in various network environments.
PRUNING MINIMUM SPANNING TREES AND CUTTING LONGEST EDGES TO CONNECT A GIVEN NUMBER OF NODES BY MINIMIZING TOTAL EDGE LENGTH
Authors: Romanuke Vadim 
Published: December 2023

Background. Whereas in many tasks of designing efficient telecommunication networks, the number of network nodes is limited, the initial choice of nodes is wider. There are more possible locations than factually active tools to be settled to those locations to further satisfy consumers. This induces an available node constraint problem.
Objective. Given an initial set of planar nodes, the problem is to build a minimum spanning tree connecting a given number of the nodes, which is less than the cardinality of the initial set. Therefore, the available node constraint problem aims at building an optimally minimum spanning tree to connect a given number of planar nodes being less than an initial number of nodes by minimizing the tree length.
Methods. The initial set of nodes is triangulated. This gives a set of edges, whose lengths are calculated and used as graph weights. A minimum spanning tree is built over this graph. The desired number of nodes is reached by pruning the minimum spanning tree connecting the initial number of nodes, where free edges whose weights are the largest are iteratively removed from the tree. The other approach, the cutting method, removes longest edges off the initial minimum spanning tree, regardless of whether they are free or not.
Results. Unlike the pruning method, the method of cutting longest edges may result in a minimum spanning tree connecting fewer nodes than the desired number. However, the cutting method often outputs a shorter tree, especially when the edge length varies much. Besides, the cutting method is slower due to it iteratively rebuilds a minimum spanning tree.
Conclusions. The problem is initially solved by the pruning method. Then the cutting method is used and its solution is compared to the solution by the pruning method. The best tree is shorter. A tradeoff for the nodes and tree length is possible.