bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecdysone and gene expressions for chromatin remodeling, histone modification, and Broad Complex in relation to pupal commitment in Bombyx mori
Authors: Saito Maki , Fujimoto Shota , Kawasaki Hideki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the present study, we tried to clarify when and how pupal commitment (PT) better to use PC occurs and what is involved in the PT of Bombyx mori. To clarify this, we examined the responsiveness of a wing disc to ecdysone, referring to metamorphosis‐related BR‐C, development‐related Myc and Wnt, and chromatin remodeling‐related genes at around the predicted PT stage of the Bombyx wing disc. Wing disc responsiveness to juvenile hormone (JH) and ecdysone was examined using Methoprene and 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) in vitro. The body weight of B. mori increased after the last larval ecdysis, peaked at Day 5 of the fifth larval instar (D5L5), and then decreased. The responsiveness of the wing disc to JH decreased after the last larval ecdysis up to D3L5. Bmbr‐c (the Broad Complex of B. mori) showed enhanced expression in D4L5 wing discs with 20E treatment. Some chromatin remodeler and histone modifier genes (Bmsnr1, Bmutx, and Bmtip60) showed upregulation after being cultured with 20E in D4L5 wing discs. A low concentration of 20E is suggested to induce responsiveness to 20E in D4L5 wing discs. Bmbr‐c, Bmsnr1, Bmutx, and Bmtip60 were upregulated after being cultured with a low concentration of 20E in D4L5 wing discs. The expression of Bmmyc and Bmwnt1 did not show a change after being cultured with or without 20E in D4L5 wing discs, while enhanced expression was observed with 20E in D5L5 wing discs. From the present results, we concluded that PT of the wing disc of B. mori occurred beginning on D4L5 with the secretion of low concentrations of ecdysteroids. Bmsnr1, Bmutx, Bmtip60, and BR‐C are also involved.
From data inference to evidence fusion: A methodology for studying computer ethics at different levels
Authors: Piao MinCheng , Lin Junjie , Song Meng , Rui ChenChen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe rapid development and widespread use of computer technology in today's society have brought significant benefits and convenience to individuals and organizations. The study presents a concept for constructing a research framework in the realm of computer ethics impact. This involves the introduction of an information fusion model and the utilization of a Dempster–Shafer (D–S) evidence theory algorithm. The information fusion model aims to integrate multiple sources of evidence related to computer ethics, including expert opinions, public attitudes, and legal regulations. Furthermore, the experimental results show that the platform's impact perception was effective in reducing the number of individuals who consider computer ethics unnecessary from 40% to 3%. This finding highlights the potential of this platform for enhancing public awareness and understanding of computer ethics. In conclusion, the proposed information fusion model and D–S evidence theory algorithm offer a valuable tool for conducting early research on the construction of computer ethics. It is of utmost importance to delve into the uncontrollable facets of building computer ethics and to navigate the subject–object dilemma from the standpoint of computer users. This approach is essential in addressing the ethical dilemmas that have arisen due to the rapid advancement of computer technology in today's world. The novelty lies in the research methodology used in this study, substantial public perception change, ethical risk reduction, and subject–object issue in computer ethics resolution all substantially contribute to the field's influence on people, organizations, and societies.
County‐level colorectal cancer screening rates on colorectal cancer survival in the state of Georgia: Does county‐level rurality matter?
Authors: Tsai Meng‐Han , Coughlin Steven S. , Cortes Jorge 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeInvestigating CRC screening rates and rurality at the county‐level may explain disparities in CRC survival in Georgia. Although a few studies examined the relationship of CRC screening rates, rurality, and/or CRC outcomes, they either used an ecological study design or focused on the larger population.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis utilizing data from the 2004–2010 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. The 2013 United States Department of Agriculture rural–urban continuum codes and 2004–2010 National Cancer Institute small‐area estimates for screening behaviors were used to identify county‐level rurality and CRC screening rates. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression were performed.ResultsAmong 22,160 CRC patients, 5‐year CRC survival rates were lower among CRC patients living in low screening areas in comparison with intermediate/high areas (69.1% vs. 71.6% /71.3%; p‐value = 0.030). Patients living in rural high‐screening areas also had lower survival rates compared to non‐rural areas (68.2% vs. 71.8%; p‐value = 0.009). Our multivariable analysis demonstrated that patients living in intermediate (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85–0.98) and high‐screening (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85–0.99) areas were at 8%–9% reduced risk of CRC death. Further, non‐rural CRC patients living in intermediate and high CRC screening areas were 9% (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83–0.99) and 10% (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82–0.99) less likely to die from CRC.ConclusionsLower 5‐year survival rates were observed in low screening and rural high‐screening areas. Living in intermediate/high CRC screening areas was negatively associated with the risk of CRC death. Particularly, non‐rural patients living in intermediate/high‐screening areas were 8%–9% less likely to die from CRC. Targeted CRC screening resources should be prioritized for low screening and rural communities.
Survival in oral and pharyngeal cancers is catching up with laryngeal cancer in the NORDIC countries through a half century
Authors: Zitricky Frantisek , Koskinen Anni I. , Hemminki Otto , Försti Asta , Hemminki Akseli , Hemminki Kari 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancers of the head and neck (HN) are heterogeneous tumors with incidence rates varying globally. In Northern Europe oral and oropharyngeal cancers are the most common individual types. Survival for HN varies by individual tumor type but for most of them survival trends are not well known over extended periods of time.MethodsData for a retrospective survival study were obtained for Danish, Finnish, Norwegian, and Swedish patients from the NORDCAN database from 1971 to 2020. Relative 1‐ and 5‐year survival rates and 5/1‐year conditional survival for years 2–5 were calculated.ResultsBoth 1‐ and 5‐year survival improved for all HN cancers but only marginally for laryngeal cancer. For the other cancers a 50‐year increase in 5‐year survival was about 30% units for nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal cancers, 20% units for oral cancer and somewhat less for hypopharyngeal cancer.Conclusions5‐year survival reached about 65% for all HN cancers, except for hypopharyngeal cancer (30%). Human papilloma virus infection is becoming a dominant risk factor for the rapidly increasing oropharyngeal cancer, the prevention of which needs to emphasize oral sex as a route of infection.
ZnO nanomaterials target mitochondrial apoptosis and mitochondrial autophagy pathways in cancer cells
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Li Jingjing , Lu Yan , Ma Yonghua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the application of engineering nanomaterials has significantly contributed to the development of various biomedical fields. Zinc oxide nanomaterials (ZnO NMts) have gained wide popularity due to their biocompatibility, unique physical and chemical properties, stability, and cost‐effectiveness for large‐scale production. They have emerged as potential materials for anticancer applications. This article provides a comprehensive review of the synthesis methods of ZnO NMts and highlights the advantages of combining ZnO NMts with anticancer drugs as a nano platform for cancer treatment. Additionally, the article briefly explains the mechanism of action of ZnO NMts in tumor cells, focusing on the mitochondrial pathways that target cell apoptosis and autophagy. It is observed that these pathways are primarily influenced by reactive oxygen species generated through oxidative stress. The article discusses the promising prospects of ZnO NMts combined with anticancer drugs in the field of cancer medicine and emphasizes the need for further in‐depth research on the mitochondrial apoptosis and mitochondrial autophagy pathways.
Lincosamide Antibiotics: Structure, Activity, and Biosynthesis
Authors: Mori Takahiro , Abe Ikuro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLincosamides are naturally occurring antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces sp. Currently, lincomycin A and its semisynthetic analogue clindamycin are used as clinical drugs. Due to their unique structures and remarkable biological activities, derivatizations of lincosamides via semi‐synthesis and biosynthetic studies have been reported. This review summarizes the structures and biological activities of lincosamides, and the recent studies of lincosamide biosynthetic enzymes.
Substrate Directed Regio‐ and Enantioselective Ring‐Opening of Epoxides and Aziridines
Authors: Sun Wen‐Na , Mei Guang‐Jian , Jia Shi‐Kun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe oxirane and aziridine rings are valuable building blocks in modern synthetic chemistry and catalytic asymmetric ring opening reactions of these three membered ring systems have emerged as a powerful chemical tool for the synthesis of natural products and biologically active compounds. In this context, the regioselective ring‐opening of structurally or electronically unbiased epoxides and aziridines is challenging. Recently, metal‐catalyzed substrate directed strategies have successfully applied in the regio‐ and enantioselective ring opening of functionalized epoxy alcohols by the Yamamoto group. Subsequently, our group realized the ring opening reactions of functionalized 2,3‐aziridinyl alcohols with the dinuclear zinc complex. These enantioselective nucleophilic ring opening reactions of functionalized epoxy alcohols and aziridinyl alcohols allow for the facile synthesis of amino alcohol derivatives and the introduction of new concepts in catalysis.
Solution and Solvent‐Free Stopper Exchange Reactions for the Preparation of Pillar[5]arene‐containing [2] and [3]Rotaxanes
Authors: Becharguia Nihed , Nierengarten Iwona , Strub Jean‐Marc , Cianférani Sarah , Rémy Marine , Wasielewski Emeric , Abidi Rym , Nierengarten Jean‐François 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiamine reagents have been used to functionalize a [2]rotaxane building block bearing an activated pentafluorophenyl ester stopper. Upon a first acylation, an intermediate host‐guest complex with a terminal amine function is obtained. Dissociation of the intermediate occurs in solution and acylation of the released axle generates a [2]rotaxane with an elongated axle subunit. In contrast, the corresponding [3]rotaxane can be obtained if the reaction conditions are appropriate to stabilize the inclusion complex of the mono‐amine intermediate and the pillar[5]arene. This is the case when the stopper exchange is performed under mechanochemical solvent‐free conditions. Alternatively, if the newly introduced terminal amide group is large enough to prevent the dissociation, the second acylation provides exclusively a [3]rotaxane. On the other hand, detailed conformational analysis has been also carried out by variable temperature NMR investigations. A complete understanding of the shuttling motions of the pillar[5]arene subunit along the axles of the rotaxanes reported therein has been achieved with the help of density functional theory calculations.
Handoff performance analysis of PMIPv6‐based distributed mobility management protocol‐urban scenario
Authors: Mahenthiran Prabha , Muruganadam Dinakaran 
Published: January 2024

SummaryMobility management allows the networks to track down a mobile user's location for sending datagrams and to retain the connection when the user changes its location points repeatedly. Whenever a node switches between one base station and another, the connectivity is maintained through a process called handoff management. For real‐time traffic implementations in wireless network communications, handover performance is essential. A mobile node is blocked from transmitting and receiving a datagram for a longer time as the handover delay increases. Unacceptable handover delays are common in real‐time communication services. To guarantee smooth connectivity and continuous provision of services, effective handoff methods are required. The handoff efficiency of network‐based distributed mobility management (DMM) is studied extensively in this article, along with a comparison to PMIPv6. We specifically investigate how handover delay, session recovery, and packet loss are influenced by cell radius. From the analytical and simulation findings this paper concludes that network‐based DMM performs better than PMIPv6.
Establishing ZIF‐8 as a reference material for hydrogen cryoadsorption: An interlaboratory study
Authors: Villajos Jose A. , Balderas‐Xicohténcatl Rafael , Al Shakhs Ali N. , Berenguer‐Murcia Ángel , Buckley Craig E. , Cazorla‐Amorós Diego , Charalambopoulou Georgia , Couturas Fabrice , Cuevas Fermin , Fairen‐Jimenez David , Heinselman Karen N. , Humphries Terry D. , Kaskel Stefan , Kim Hyunlim , Marco‐Lozar Juan P. , Oh Hyunchul , Parilla Philip A. , Paskevicius Mark , Senkovska Irena , Shulda Sarah , Silvestre‐Albero Joaquin , Steriotis Theodore , Tampaxis Christos , Hirscher Michael , Maiwald Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydrogen storage by cryoadsorption on porous materials has the advantages of low material cost, safety, fast kinetics, and high cyclic stability. The further development of this technology requires reliable data on the H2 uptake of the adsorbents, however, even for activated carbons the values between different laboratories show sometimes large discrepancies. So far no reference material for hydrogen cryoadsorption is available. The metal‐organic framework ZIF‐8 is an ideal material possessing high thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability that reduces degradation during handling and activation. Here, we distributed ZIF‐8 pellets synthesized by extrusion to 9 laboratories equipped with 15 different experimental setups including gravimetric and volumetric analyzers. The gravimetric H2 uptake of the pellets was measured at 77 K and up to 100 bar showing a high reproducibility between the different laboratories, with a small relative standard deviation of 3–4 % between pressures of 10–100 bar. The effect of operating variables like the amount of sample or analysis temperature was evaluated, remarking the calibration of devices and other correction procedures as the most significant deviation sources. Overall, the reproducible hydrogen cryoadsorption measurements indicate the robustness of the ZIF‐8 pellets, which we want to propose as a reference material.
A comparison between conventional and the Paris systems of reporting urinary cytopathology with a literature update
Authors: Kannan Narasimhapriyan , Gochhait Debasis , Ramanitharan Manikandan , Siddaraju Neelaiah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionOwing to certain inherent limitations of earlier reporting systems, “The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS)” was implemented in 2015 to standardize reporting urine cytology with more stringent cytomorphologic criteria. We share our post‐TPS experience, comparing it with the conventional system (CS).AimTo assess and compare the cyto‐histopathologic/cystoscopic agreement between the conventional and the Paris systems (CS and TPS) for reporting urine cytology.Materials and MethodsIt is a cross‐sectional study involving urine samples from 170 patients divided into two groups (CS and TPS). Of the 170 cases, 85 were reported according to the CS, and 85 were reported according to TPS with all the relevant clinical, radiologic, and cystoscopic findings. Using the kappa statistics, both groups were statistically analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and agreement.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) as per TPS were 83.33% and 94.59%, respectively, while they were 73.47% and 80.56% for the conventional system. The agreement for HGUC with TPS was 87.06% with a kappa value of 0.7416, while it was 76.5% with a kappa value of 0.53 for the CS. Implementing the TPS minimized usage of the atypical urothelial cells (AUC) category, increasing the clarity in detecting HGUC.ConclusionTPS provides better agreement with histopathology than the CS for diagnosing HGUC, which is attributable to stringent TPS criteria that prompt cytopathologists to look more diligently for morphologic and numeric criteria.
A droplet‐based electricity generator incorporating Kelvin water dropper with ultrahigh instantaneous power density
Authors: Li Yang , Qin Xuezhi , Feng Yawei , Song Yuxin , Yi Zhiran , Zheng Huanxi , Zhou Peiyang , Wu Chenyang , Yang Siyan , Wang Lili , Zhu Pingan , Xu Wanghuai , Wang Zuankai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHarvesting renewable water energy in various formats such as raindrops, waves, and evaporation is one of the key strategies for achieving global carbon neutrality. The recent decade has witnessed rapid advancement of the droplet‐based electricity generator (DEG) with a continuous leap in the instantaneous output power density from 50 W/m2 to several kW/m2. Despite this, further pushing the upper limit of the output performance of DEG is still constrained by low surface charge density and long precharging time. Here, we report a DEG incorporating the Kelvin water dropper (K‐DEG) that can generate an ultrahigh instantaneous power density of 105 W/m2 upon one droplet impinging. In this design, the Kelvin water dropper continuously replenishes the high density of surface charges on DEG, while DEG fully releases these surface charges into electric output. K‐DEG with such a high output can directly light five 6‐W commercial lamps and even charge a cellphone by using falling droplets.
Recent advances in droplet‐based microfluidics in liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis
Authors: Shi Jingyu , Zhang Yu , Fan Yadi , Liu Yi , Yang Mo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiquid biopsy, a noninvasive technique to obtain tumor information from body fluids, is an emerging technology for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring, providing crucial support for the realization of precision medicine. The main biomarkers of liquid biopsy include circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, microRNA, and circulating tumor exosomes. Traditional liquid biopsy detection methods include flow cytometry, immunoassay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based methods, and next‐generation sequencing (NGS)‐based methods, which are time‐consuming, labor‐intensive, and cannot reflect cell heterogeneity. Droplet‐based microfluidics with high throughput, low contamination, high sensitivity, and single‐cell/single‐molecule/single‐exosome analysis capabilities have shown great potential in the field of liquid biopsy. This review aims to summarize the recent development in droplet‐based microfluidics in liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis.
Chemical reaction in a liquid–liquid phase‐separated multiple droplet: Synchronization of color change dynamics with droplet movement
Authors: Goto Kenta , Nakanishi Kyoka , Tani Fumito , Tokuda Satoru 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiquid–liquid phase separation in a biotic cell system organizes complicated biochemical reactions and functions by forming membraneless compartments that allow a substrate to move across the phase boundary. On the other hand, liquid–liquid phase separation in an abiotic system gives rise to an emulsion and/or multiple droplets that hardly undergo chemical reactions. We have developed a method for the formation of phase‐separated multiple droplet in a ternary mixture with a 3D‐printed microchannel and demonstrated the occurrence of the iron(III) thiocyanate ligand exchange reaction in the multiple droplet. The reaction proceeded differently in the outer‐ and the inner‐droplet phases, giving a different iron(III) complex that was identified on the basis of its color change. Surprisingly, the color change was dynamic, enabling visualization of the interphase mass transfer. At the same time, the color change dynamics synchronized with the multiple‐droplet movement.
Incorporating bay leaf extract (Laurus nobilis L.) and determining the quality attributes of Turkish fermented sausage (sucuk)
Authors: Benli Hakan , Şahin Pelin , Ağçam Erdal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed at investigating the quality attributes of Turkish fermented sausage (sucuk) incorporated with bay leaf extract obtained as a natural antioxidant and a source of phytochemicals. Five different bay leaf extracts were obtained with distilled water and 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% ethanol. The total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity values indicated that ultrasound‐assisted 70% ethanol extract was the most suitable extract. Furthermore, five groups of sucuks were manufactured with the addition of bay leaf extract (1, 5, and 10 mL/kg), ascorbic acid (500 mg/kg), and control. The extracts were produced similar pH values when compared to control and ascorbic acid samples. The treatments had no significant effect on moisture contents of sucuks. Bay leaf extracts produced comparable color, texture profile analysis, and TBARS values to control and ascorbic acid samples. Biogenic amine contents (mg/kg dry weight) of sucuks including tryptamine (6.43–30.66), 2‐phenylethylamine (2.24–32.04), putrescine (2.19–7.98), cadaverine (3.28–12.21), histamine (7.01–11.38), tyramine (3.27–71.07), spermidine (4.44–8.01), and spermine (53.96–68.25) were mostly within the lower ranges typically associated with sucuk. However, the lowest cadaverine values observed at the end of storage in the bay leaf extract added samples indicated that bay leaf extract might be effective in decreasing cadaverine values during storage. The addition of bay leaf extract caused similar sensory attributes to the control and ascorbic acid samples. This study revealed that Turkish fermented sucuks could be effectively incorporated with bay leaf extracts without a negative effect on the quality attributes or consumer acceptability.
Novel mechanism of cisplatin resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma involving extracellular vesicles and a copper transporter system
Authors: Ogawa Tatsuo , Ono Kisho , Ryumon Shoji , Kawai Hotaka , Nakamura Tomoya , Umemori Koki , Yoshida Kunihiro , Kanemoto Hideka , Obata Kyoichi , Yoshioka Norie , Okui Tatsuo , Okamoto Kuniaki , Nagatsuka Hitoshi , Ibaragi Soichiro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCisplatin (CDDP) plays a central role in chemotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but drug resistance in HNSCC chemotherapy remains a problem, and the mechanism of CDDP resistance is unclear. We investigated CDDP‐resistance mechanisms mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) and ATPase copper transporting beta (ATP7B) in HNSCC.MethodsWe established CDDP‐resistant sublines of HNSCC cells and verified their ATP7B expression. We used an EV secretion inhibitor (GW4869) and ATP7B short hairpin (sh)RNA transfection to examine the correlation between EV secretion and ATP7B expression.ResultsThe CDDP‐resistant HNSCC sublines showed decreased CDDP sensitivity and increased ATP7B expression. GW4869 suppressed ATP7B expression, and ATP7B shRNA transfection suppressed EV secretion. The suppressions of EV secretion and ATP7B expression both enhanced CDDP's cell‐killing effect.ConclusionsEVs were involved in the ATP7B‐mediated mechanism underlying CDDP resistance. Further clarification of the EV‐induced CDDP‐resistance mechanism may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for HNSCC.