bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twofold rigidity activates ultralong organic high-temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Chen Kaijun , Zhang Yongfeng , Lei Yunxiang , Dai Wenbo , Liu Miaochang , Cai Zhengxu , Wu Huayue , Huang Xiaobo , Ma Xiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA strategy is pioneered for achieving high-temperature phosphorescence using planar rigid molecules as guests and rigid polymers as host matrix. The planar rigid configuration can resist the thermal vibration of the guest at high temperatures, and the rigidity of the matrix further enhances the high-temperature resistance of the guest. The doped materials exhibit an afterglow of 40 s at 293 K, 20 s at 373 K, 6 s at 413 K, and a 1 s afterglow at 433 K. The experimental results indicate that as the rotational ability of the groups connected to the guests gradually increases, the high-temperature phosphorescence performance of the doped materials gradually decreases. In addition, utilizing the property of doped materials that can emit phosphorescence at high temperatures and in high smoke, the attempt is made to use organic phosphorescence materials to identify rescue workers and trapped personnel in fires.
TFIP11 promotes replication fork reversal to preserve genome stability
Authors: Chen Junliang , Wu Mingjie , Yang Yulan , Ruan Chunyan , Luo Yi , Song Lizhi , Wu Ting , Huang Jun , Yang Bing , Liu Ting 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReplication fork reversal, a critical protective mechanism against replication stress in higher eukaryotic cells, is orchestrated via a series of coordinated enzymatic reactions. The Bloom syndrome gene product, BLM, a member of the highly conserved RecQ helicase family, is implicated in this process, yet its precise regulation and role remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that the GCFC domain-containing protein TFIP11 forms a complex with the BLM helicase. TFIP11 exhibits a preference for binding to DNA substrates that mimic the structure generated at stalled replication forks. Loss of either TFIP11 or BLM leads to the accumulation of the other protein at stalled forks. This abnormal accumulation, in turn, impairs RAD51-mediated fork reversal and slowing, sensitizes cells to replication stress-inducing agents, and enhances chromosomal instability. These findings reveal a previously unidentified regulatory mechanism that modulates the activities of BLM and RAD51 at stalled forks, thereby impacting genome integrity.
A surface strategy boosting the ethylene selectivity for CO2 reduction and in situ mechanistic insights
Authors: Yao Yinchao , Shi Tong , Chen Wenxing , Wu Jiehua , Fan Yunying , Liu Yichun , Cao Liang , Chen Zhuo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into ethylene, as opposed to traditional industrial methods, represents a more environmentally friendly and promising technical approach. However, achieving high activity of ethylene remains a huge challenge due to the numerous possible reaction pathways. Here, we construct a hierarchical nanoelectrode composed of CuO treated with dodecanethiol to achieve elevated ethylene activity with a Faradaic efficiency reaching 79.5%. Through on in situ investigations, it is observed that dodecanethiol modification not only facilitates CO2 transfer and enhances *CO coverage on the catalyst surfaces, but also stabilizes Cu(100) facet. Density functional theory calculations of activation energy barriers of the asymmetrical C–C coupling between *CO and *CHO further support that the greatly increased selectivity of ethylene is attributed to the thiol-stabilized Cu(100). Our findings not only provide an effective strategy to design and construct Cu-based catalysts for highly selective CO2 to ethylene, but also offer deep insights into the mechanism of CO2 to ethylene.
Unraveling the crystallization kinetics of the Ge2Sb2Te5 phase change compound with a machine-learned interatomic potential
Authors: Abou El Kheir Omar , Bonati Luigi , Parrinello Michele , Bernasconi Marco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe phase change compound Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST225) is exploited in advanced non-volatile electronic memories and in neuromorphic devices which both rely on a fast and reversible transition between the crystalline and amorphous phases induced by Joule heating. The crystallization kinetics of GST225 is a key functional feature for the operation of these devices. We report here on the development of a machine-learned interatomic potential for GST225 that allowed us to perform large scale molecular dynamics simulations (over 10,000 atoms for over 100 ns) to uncover the details of the crystallization kinetics in a wide range of temperatures of interest for the programming of the devices. The potential is obtained by fitting with a deep neural network (NN) scheme a large quantum-mechanical database generated within density functional theory. The availability of a highly efficient and yet highly accurate NN potential opens the possibility to simulate phase change materials at the length and time scales of the real devices.
How are cell and tissue structure and function influenced by gravity and what are the gravity perception mechanisms?
Authors: Davis Trent , Tabury Kevin , Zhu Shouan , Angeloni Debora , Baatout Sarah , Benchoua Alexandra , Bereiter-Hahn Juergen , Bottai Daniele , Buchheim Judith-Irina , Calvaruso Marco , Carnero-Diaz Eugénie , Castiglioni Sara , Cavalieri Duccio , Ceccarelli Gabriele , Choukér Alexander , Cialdai Francesca , Ciofani Gianni , Coppola Giuseppe , Cusella Gabriella , Degl’Innocenti Andrea , Desaphy Jean-Francois , Frippiat Jean-Pol , Gelinsky Michael , Genchi Giada , Grano Maria , Grimm Daniela , Guignandon Alain , Hahn Christiane , Hatton Jason , Herranz Raúl , Hellweg Christine E. , Iorio Carlo Saverio , Karapantsios Thodoris , van Loon Jack J.W.A. , Lulli Matteo , Maier Jeanette , Malda Jos , Mamaca Emina , Morbidelli Lucia , van Ombergen Angelique , Osterman Andreas , Ovsianikov Aleksandr , Pampaloni Francesco , Pavezlorie Elizabeth , Pereda-Campos Veronica , Przybyla Cyrille , Puhl Christopher , Rettberg Petra , Rizzo Angela Maria , Robson-Brown Kate , Rossi Leonardo , Russo Giorgio , Salvetti Alessandra , Santucci Daniela , Sperl Matthias , Tavella Sara , Thielemann Christiane , Willaert Ronnie , Szewczyk Nathaniel , Monici Monica 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProgress in mechanobiology allowed us to better understand the important role of mechanical forces in the regulation of biological processes. Space research in the field of life sciences clearly showed that gravity plays a crucial role in biological processes. The space environment offers the unique opportunity to carry out experiments without gravity, helping us not only to understand the effects of gravitational alterations on biological systems but also the mechanisms underlying mechanoperception and cell/tissue response to mechanical and gravitational stresses. Despite the progress made so far, for future space exploration programs it is necessary to increase our knowledge on the mechanotransduction processes as well as on the molecular mechanisms underlying microgravity-induced cell and tissue alterations. This white paper reports the suggestions and recommendations of the SciSpacE Science Community for the elaboration of the section of the European Space Agency roadmap “Biology in Space and Analogue Environments” focusing on “How are cells and tissues influenced by gravity and what are the gravity perception mechanisms?” The knowledge gaps that prevent the Science Community from fully answering this question and the activities proposed to fill them are discussed.
Intelligent upper-limb exoskeleton integrated with soft bioelectronics and deep learning for intention-driven augmentation
Authors: Lee Jinwoo , Kwon Kangkyu , Soltis Ira , Matthews Jared , Lee Yoon Jae , Kim Hojoong , Romero Lissette , Zavanelli Nathan , Kwon Youngjin , Kwon Shinjae , Lee Jimin , Na Yewon , Lee Sung Hoon , Yu Ki Jun , Shinohara Minoru , Hammond Frank L. , Yeo Woon-Hong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe age and stroke-associated decline in musculoskeletal strength degrades the ability to perform daily human tasks using the upper extremities. Here, we introduce an intelligent upper-limb exoskeleton system that utilizes deep learning to predict human intention for strength augmentation. The embedded soft wearable sensors provide sensory feedback by collecting real-time muscle activities, which are simultaneously computed to determine the user’s intended movement. Cloud-based deep learning predicts four upper-limb joint motions with an average accuracy of 96.2% at a 500–550 ms response rate, suggesting that the exoskeleton operates just by human intention. In addition, an array of soft pneumatics assists the intended movements by providing 897 newtons of force while generating a displacement of 87 mm at maximum. The intent-driven exoskeleton can reduce human muscle activities by 3.7 times on average compared to the unassisted exoskeleton.
Single dose recombinant VSV based vaccine elicits robust and durable neutralizing antibody against Hantaan virus
Authors: Zhang Hui , Liu He , Wei Jing , Dang Yamei , Wang Yuan , Yang Qiqi , Zhang Liang , Ye Chuantao , Wang Bin , Jin Xiaolei , Cheng Linfeng , Ma Hongwei , Dong Yangchao , Li Yinghui , Bai Yinlan , Lv Xin , Lei Yingfeng , Xu Zhikai , Ye Wei , Zhang Fanglin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHantaan virus (HTNV) is a pathogenic orthohantavirus prevalent in East Asia that is known to cause hemorrhagic fever with severe renal syndrome (HFRS), which has a high fatality rate. However, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved vaccine is not currently available against this virus. Although inactivated vaccines have been certified and used in endemic regions for decades, the neutralizing antibody (NAb) titer induced by inactivated vaccines is low and the immunization schedule is complicated, requiring at least three injections spanning approximately 6 months to 1 year. Replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccines provide prolonged protection after a single injection. In this study, we successfully engineered the HTNV glycoprotein (GP) in the VSV genome by replacing the VSV-G open reading frame. The resulting recombinant (r) rVSV-HTNV-GP was rescued, and the immunogenicity of GP was similar to that of HTNV. BALB/c mice immunized with rVSV-HTNV-GP showed a high titer of NAb against HTNV after a single injection. Notably, the cross-reactive NAb response induced by rVSV-HTNV-GP against Seoul virus (an orthohantavirus) was higher than that induced by three sequential injections of inactivated vaccines. Upon challenge with HTNV, rVSV-HTNV-GP-immunized mice showed a profoundly reduced viral burden in multiple tissues, and inflammation in the lungs and liver was nearly undetectable. Moreover, a single injection of rVSV-HTNV-GP established a prolonged immunological memory status as the NAbs were sustained for over 1 year and provided long-term protection against HTNV infection. The findings of our study can support further development of an rVSV-HTNV-GP-based HTNV vaccine with a simplified immunization schedule.
Subjective long-term emotional and social effects of recreational MDMA use: the role of setting and intentions
Authors: Elmer Timon , Vannoy Tanya K. , Studerus Erich , Lyubomirsky Sonja 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMDMA is a recreational drug commonly used to enhance euphoria, but it is also used in non-party settings with self-insight or social connection intentions. Yet, little is known about whether distinct consumer groups are formed based on consumption setting and intention. We aimed to characterize different types of recreational MDMA users based on consumption setting and intentions, and to examine their differences in perceptions of long-term social-emotional effects of MDMA use. We analyzed self-reports of 766 individuals (ages 18–61, mostly from Western countries), reporting on their MDMA consumption habits and perceived effects. We used a K-medoids clustering algorithm to identify distinct types of consumption settings and intentions. We identified three setting types – party settings with friends (N = 388), private home settings (N = 132), mixed settings (N = 246) – and three intention types – euphoria and energy (N = 302), self-insight (N = 219), mixed intentions (N = 245). Members of the self-insight and mixed intentions clusters reported considerably more long-term socio-emotional benefits than members of the euphoria and energy cluster. No differences were observed between the setting clusters. In this particular sample, more long-term benefits than harms were reported. Our findings suggest that the long-term social-emotional benefits of MDMA are associated with whether users seek self-insight or have mixed intentions.
Estimation bias and agreement limits between two common self-report methods of habitual sleep duration in epidemiological surveys
Authors: Korman Maria , Zarina Daria , Tkachev Vadim , Merikanto Ilona , Bjorvatn Bjørn , Bjelajac Adrijana Koscec , Penzel Thomas , Landtblom Anne-Marie , Benedict Christian , Chan Ngan Yin , Wing Yun Kwok , Dauvilliers Yves , Morin Charles M. , Matsui Kentaro , Nadorff Michael , Bolstad Courtney J. , Chung Frances , Mota-Rolim Sérgio , De Gennaro Luigi , Plazzi Giuseppe , Yordanova Juliana , Holzinger Brigitte , Partinen Markku , Reis Cátia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccurate measurement of habitual sleep duration (HSD) is crucial for understanding the relationship between sleep and health. This study aimed to assess the bias and agreement limits between two commonly used short HSD self-report methods, considering sleep quality (SQ) and social jetlag (SJL) as potential predictors of bias. Data from 10,268 participants in the International COVID Sleep Study-II (ICOSS-II) were used. Method-Self and Method-MCTQ were compared. Method-Self involved a single question about average nightly sleep duration (HSDself), while Method-MCTQ estimated HSD from reported sleep times on workdays (HSDMCTQwork) and free days (HSDMCTQfree). Sleep quality was evaluated using a Likert scale and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) to explore its influence on estimation bias. HSDself was on average 42.41 ± 67.42 min lower than HSDMCTQweek, with an agreement range within ± 133 min. The bias and agreement range between methods increased with poorer SQ. HSDMCTQwork showed less bias and better agreement with HSDself compared to HSDMCTQfree. Sleep duration irregularity was − 43.35 ± 78.26 min on average. Subjective sleep quality predicted a significant proportion of variance in HSDself and estimation bias. The two methods showed very poor agreement and a significant systematic bias, both worsening with poorer SQ. Method-MCTQ considered sleep intervals without adjusting for SQ issues such as wakefulness after sleep onset but accounted for sleep irregularity and sleeping in on free days, while Method-Self reflected respondents’ interpretation of their sleep, focusing on their sleep on workdays. Including an SQ-related question in surveys may help bidirectionally adjust the possible bias and enhance the accuracy of sleep-health studies.
Improving the structural, optical, and electrical properties of carboxymethyl cellulose/starch/selenium oxide nanocomposites for flexible electronic devices
Authors: El Sayed Adel M. , Alanazi Tarek I. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNanocomposites based on biopolymers are interesting materials owing to their multifunctionality and ease of preparation. In this study, the solution casting method was used to mix selenium oxide nanoparticles (SeO2 NP) made by a solvothermal method into a bio-blend of carboxymethyl cellulose and starch (CMC/St). XRD analysis showed that SeO2 NP increased the amorphous portion inside the blend. HR-TEM revealed the spherical morphology of these NP with an average diameter of 16.88 nm. The FE-SEM indicated a satisfactory uniform distribution and homogeneity in the surface morphology of the films. FTIR confirmed the interaction between SeO2 and the blend functional groups. The films preserved good transmission after doping, and their direct and indirect band gaps decreased. The refractive index, absorption index, optical conductivity, and other dispersion parameters were improved after SeO2 loading. The DC conductivity of the blend is in the range of 3.8 × 10−7 to 5.6 × 10−4 S/m and improved after loading SeO2 NP. The IV characteristic curves in the temperature range of 300–415 K were studied to figure out the conduction mechanism in the CMC/St/SeO2 composites. Because the optical and electrical properties improved, these nanocomposites could be used for coatings and other things like waveguides, photovoltaic cells, and light-emitting diodes.
Synthesis and biodegradation testing of some synthetic oils based on ester
Authors: Shazly Reham I. El , El-Sheshtawy Huda S. , Ahmed Nehal S. , Nassar Amal M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSynthetic ester oils are widely used in many applications due to their ideal cleaning properties, lubricating performance and assured polarity. The majority of esters oils are more biodegradable. than any other base stock. For instance, oil soluble polyalkyleneglycols (PAGs) or polyalphaolephins (PAOs), are only biodegradable in the lower viscosity grades. The goal of this study is to create some synthetic base oils by two major protocols; the first is esterifying valeric acid with various glycols (ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol and poly (ethylene glycol 400). The second involves esterification of propanoic acid, heptanoic acid, or octanoic acid with ethylene glycol. The reaction yield varies between 85 and 94%. The chemical composition of the prepared esters was examined using various spectroscopic methods (Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. The thermal properties investigation by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed pronounced thermal stability of the prepared esters. The biodegradability was verified versus two bacterial isolates (B1, B2). The results showed that percentage of degradation of the lube oil was in the range of 34% to 84% after 3 days of incubation. Moreover, the rheological study revealed that the prepared esters exhibited Newtonian rheological behaviours. Viscosity examination displayed that the esters based on ethylene glycol, such as (A), had the highest VI: 179 values when compared to those based on higher glycols. Viscosity and viscosity index results showed slight increase as the number of carbon atoms in the acid chain increases. At last, most of the synthesized esters possessed pour points ≤ − 32 °C: ≤ − 40 except in case of using higher acids like heptanoic acid and octanoic acid in preparation the pour point increases to − 9 °C and − 15 °C.
Tunnel construction in shallow soft rock using the pipe shed support
Authors: Bao Liangliang , Wei Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn order to clarify the impact mechanism of shallow buried soft rock tunnel excavation on the upper existing highway, as well as the mechanism of pipe shed reinforcement, a combination of theoretical analysis and on-site monitoring was used to conduct in-depth research on the Diantou Tunnel Crossing the existing highway project of Dayong Expressway. The impact of shallow buried soft rock tunnel crossing construction on the existing highway and safety control issues were studied, a new deformation control index, namely deformation difference rate, was introduced. The results show that the main lateral area of influence of rock deformation is within a distance of one diameter, and the overall area of influence is within a distance of twice the diameter. From the perspective of axial tunnel deformation, the deformation of surrounding rock tends to be stable when the excavation face passes through the monitoring section about twice the tunnel diameter. Effectively controlling rock deformation depends on the total amount of settlement deformation, the change rate of deformation, and the difference rate of deformation. For V-class shallow buried tunnel surrounding rock, in order to prevent cracks on the surface, the cumulative deformation of the surrounding rock needs to be less than 50 mm, the change rate needs to be less than 3 mm/day, and the difference rate needs to be less than 5 mm/m. Finally, the proposed control standard for surface subsidence is given for similar engineering reference.
Embracing firefly flash pattern variability with data-driven species classification
Authors: Martin Owen , Nguyen Chantal , Sarfati Raphael , Chowdhury Murad , Iuzzolino Michael L. , Nguyen Dieu My T. , Layer Ryan M. , Peleg Orit 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMany nocturnally active fireflies use precisely timed bioluminescent patterns to identify mates, making them especially vulnerable to light pollution. As urbanization continues to brighten the night sky, firefly populations are under constant stress, and close to half of the species are now threatened. Ensuring the survival of firefly biodiversity depends on a large-scale conservation effort to monitor and protect thousands of populations. While species can be identified by their flash patterns, current methods require expert measurement and manual classification and are infeasible given the number and geographic distribution of fireflies. Here we present the application of a recurrent neural network (RNN) for accurate automated firefly flash pattern classification. Using recordings from commodity cameras, we can extract flash trajectories of individuals within a swarm and classify their species with an accuracy of approximately seventy percent. In addition to its potential in population monitoring, automated classification provides the means to study firefly behavior at the population level. We employ the classifier to measure and characterize the variability within and between swarms, unlocking a new dimension of their behavior. Our method is open source, and deployment in community science applications could revolutionize our ability to monitor and understand firefly populations.
Steady state engineering of a two-level system by the mixed-state inverse engineering scheme
Authors: Wang M. Z. , Ma W. , Wu S. L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe mixed-state inverse engineering scheme is a control scheme used for engineering the quantum state of a driven open quantum system from an initial steady state to a final steady state. In this paper, we present an analytical study of this scheme applied to the driven two-level model coupled to a heat reservoir. Typically, when the purity of the quantum state varies, incoherent control techniques are required for mixed-state engineering. However, we show that for both Markovian and non-Markovian dynamics, coherent control protocols can transfer the quantum state into the target state. This simplification comes at a cost, as the evolution of the quantum state must be limited to restricted conditions, resulting in special trajectories in its Hilbert space that connect the initial and target states.