bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing System Challenges in Mental Health Services Research for Youth in the Child Welfare System: Insights From the Foster Care Family Navigator Trial
Authors: Tolou‐Shams Marina , Ramaiya Megan , Salas Jannet L. , Aguilera Adrian , Shumway Martha , Borsari Brian , Dauria Emily , Berrick Jill D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTChild welfare‐involved (CWI) youth have high rates of unaddressed mental health needs, and system‐level barriers (e.g., inadequate coordination between child welfare agencies and other systems designed to serve CWI youth) are one major reason why disparities in mental health services' access continue to persist for CWI youth. This Research Note aims to inform the mental health services field about system‐level challenges to conducting real‐world, health services research with CWI youth and their families. We present challenges experienced in conducting our NIMH‐funded Foster Care Family Navigator (FCFN) trial focused on development and preliminary testing of a clinic‐embedded navigation intervention designed to improve detection of foster care youth services need, linkage to and engagement in community‐based mental health services. Systems‐level challenges that impacted proposed research trial design and data collection included: (1) Limited system staff time and compensation processes; (2) Staff training and knowledge; and (3) System disruptions. Health services research geared toward increasing access to mental health services to CWI youth must incorporate multiple complex design considerations prior to intervention development and delivery including longer (than 12 months) intervention development phases, detailed contingency plans for intervention delivery and integrated tailored, ongoing support and training for staff with existing clinic workflows. In this way, structural challenges to access to care that researchers are trying to ameliorate for CWI and other underserved, minoritized populations are not being inadvertently perpetuated through research study designs.
Lomitapide: Targeting METTL3 to Overcome Osimertinib Resistance in NSCLC Through Autophagy Activation
Authors: Du Xiaohui , Zhang Congcong , Li Ying , He Peipei , Wang Jian , Chen Xuena , Wang Han , Wang Qi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOsimertinib resistance remains a significant challenge in the treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modifications are closely linked to various mechanisms of anticancer resistance and autophagy, offering new avenues for targeted therapies. However, the role of m6A‐mediated autophagy in osimertinib‐resistant NSCLC is still unclear. In this study, we utilized multi‐omics sequencing analysis and found that overexpression of the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 contributes to osimertinib resistance in NSCLC. Importantly, we identified that METTL3 positively regulates the expression of the autophagy‐related gene ubiquinone‐cytochrome C reductase complex assembly factor 2 (UQCC2) through an m6A‐dependent mechanism. Further, we confirmed that METTL3 knockdown leads to UQCC2 downregulation and triggers autophagy activation. Interestingly, lomitapide, a cholesterol‐lowering drug, was repurposed to enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to therapy by inhibiting METTL3, which in turn activated autophagy‐associated cell death pathways, reversing osimertinib resistance. This study emphasizes the critical role of the METTL3/UQCC2 axis in autophagy‐mediated drug resistance and positions lomitapide as a promising METTL3 inhibitor and autophagy inducer with potential therapeutic effects, either alone or in combination with other anticancer agents, in patients with osimertinib‐resistant NSCLC.
A Longitudinal Study of the Gender Gap in School Grades via Flexible Bayesian Beta Regression
Authors: Bondi Laura , Franzolini Beatrice , Palma Marco 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The gender disparity in school grades, known as the grade gender gap, has become a focal point for researchers, educators, and policymakers. Despite this heightened interest, there remains a scarcity of longitudinal studies addressing this issue. This study seeks to address this gap by examining the grade gender gap in schools using longitudinal data from Rimini, Italy. A Bayesian Beta regression with splines is devised to detect gender differences across different cohorts of students and along the educational journey from primary to upper-secondary school. Our findings reveal a significant gap in favour of female students, which widens during secondary school years but diminishes in younger cohorts. These pages contain preliminary results of the extended study in [2].
Modellierung und Simulation von Mobilität und Verkehr
Authors: Weyer Johannes 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag liefert einen Überblick über die gängigsten Simulations-Frameworks, die die Verkehrswissenschaft nutzt, um Mobilität zu verstehen und Szenarien durch Simulationsexperimente zu überprüfen. Dabei wird auch auf die Methode der agentenbasierten Modellierung (ABM) zurückgegriffen, die es erlaubt, das individuelle Mobilitätsverhalten abzubilden. Der Beitrag stellt grundlegende Prinzipien und Methoden der ABM vor und zeigt, wie die Methode genutzt wird, um Strategien der nachhaltigen Transformation zu analysieren. Er setzt sich zudem kritisch mit einer kritischen Soziologie der Simulation auseinander.
Non-additive dosage-dependent effects of TaGS3 gene editing on grain size and weight in wheat
Authors: Wang Wei , Pan Qianli , Tian Bin , Yu Zitong , Davidson Dwight , Bai Guihua , Akhunova Alina , Trick Harold , Akhunov Eduard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Key message
Loss-of-function mutations induced by CRISPR-Cas9 in the TaGS3 gene homoeologs show non-additive dosage-dependent effects on grain size and weight and have potential utility for increasing grain yield in wheat.

Abstract
The grain size in cereals is one of the component traits contributing to yield. Previous studies showed that loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in GS3, encoding Gγ subunit of the multimeric G protein complex, increase grain size and weight in rice. While an association between allelic variation in the GS3 homologs of wheat and grain weight/size has been detected previously, the effects of LOF alleles at TaGS3 on these traits remain unknown. We used genome editing to create TaGS3 mutant lines with varying LOF homeo-allele dosages. Contrary to the results obtained in rice, editing all three TaGS3 homoeologous copies resulted in a significant decrease in grain length (4.4%), width (3.4%), grain area (7.3%) and weight (7.5%), without affecting the number of grains per spike. Compared to the wild type, the highest increase in grain weight (up to 9.6%) and area (up to 5.0%) was observed in homozygous mutants with one or two genomes carrying LOF homeo-alleles, suggesting non-additive suppressive effects of TaGS3 on grain size and weight in wheat. Our results suggest that the regulatory effects of GS3 homologs in wheat and rice have diverged. The newly developed LOF homeo-alleles of TaGS3 expand the set of CRISPR-Cas9-induced variants of yield component genes that have potential to increase grain weight in wheat.
ESR Essentials: imaging of common paediatric pulmonary diseases—practice recommendations by the European Society of Paediatric Radiology
Authors: Lovrenski Jovan , Raissaki Maria , Plut Domen , Alexopoulou Efthymia , Görkem Süreyya Burcu , Ozcan H. Nursun , Geiger Julia , Gräfe Daniel , Sileo Chiara , Caro-Dominguez Pablo , Ciet Pierluigi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chest imaging in children presents unique challenges due to varying requirements across age groups. For chest radiographs, achieving optimal images often involves careful positioning and immobilisation techniques. Antero-posterior projections are easier to obtain in younger children, while lateral decubitus radiographs are sometimes used when expiratory images are difficult to obtain and for free air exclusion. Chest CT protocols should be age-dependent to minimise radiation exposure and motion artefacts. MRI is primarily used in specialised centres to reduce radiation exposure, requiring specific expertise and sedation in younger children. Respiratory distress syndrome is a leading cause of morbidity in preterm neonates, diagnosed through characteristic radiographic findings and a history of prematurity. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is the most common complication of extreme preterm birth and chronic oxygen therapy; imaging is used for predicting outcomes for the assessment of severe cases. Transient tachypnoea of the newborn and meconium aspiration syndrome are common in term infants, with specific imaging characteristics aiding in their differentiation. Congenital lung malformations present diagnostic and management challenges, with imaging playing a crucial role in diagnosis and surgical planning. Finally, imaging is essential in detecting complications from pneumonia in children, such as empyema and necrotic pneumonia, or in identifying foreign object aspiration.

Clinical relevance statement
This review summarises current radiology practice of paediatric chest pathologies, aiding in the accurate diagnosis and management of neonatal and congenital pulmonary conditions and pneumonia complications, ultimately improving patient outcomes through precise imaging interpretation and targeted clinical intervention.

Key Points

Chest radiographs should be systematically assessed for pathology.

Ensure accurate differential diagnosis of neonatal lung diseases by collecting information on gestational age, method of delivery, presenting symptoms, ventilation type, and fetal ultrasound findings.

Radiographs and ultrasound are initial diagnostic tools for paediatric pulmonary disease; CT should be reserved for complex cases. Referral to paediatric hospital should be considered when the use of chest MRI is indicated.
Asymptotic behavior of bootstrapped extreme order statistics under unknown power normalizing constants
Authors: Sobh M. E. , Barakat H. M. , El-Adll Magdy E. , Aly Amany E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Bootstrapping is a powerful statistical technique, but its reliability for analyzing extreme events with unknown power normalization remains unclear. This paper addresses this issue by exploring the asymptotic properties of bootstrapped extreme order statistics under unknown power normalizing constants. Different estimators of the power normalizing constants are considered. The consistency properties of bootstrapped extreme order statistics with the estimated power normalizing constants are investigated. An extensive simulation study is conducted to identify an optimal bootstrap sample size under power and linear normalization. This study is based on how closely the bootstrapped extreme order statistics align with their theoretical asymptotic limits.
Arbuscular and fine root-endophytic mycorrhizal fungi forage differently for nutrients in a seminatural temperate grassland
Authors: Košnar Jiří , Šmilauer Petr , Šmilauerová Marie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The acquisition of P and N from soil and their exchange for fixed C are key functions of mycorrhizal fungi in their symbiotic relationship with host plants. Additional contribution to plant nutrition is possible when hyphae proliferate into soil space not directly accessible to plant roots or when they locate nutrient-rich patches more effectively than plant roots. We performed a field-based experiment in a seminatural grassland. Community composition, diversity, and root colonisation intensity of mycorrhizal fungi was compared across different types of substrate patches (enriched or not with inorganic N, P or both), between two exposure times, and with unmanipulated soil and patches enriched with plant biomass. Beside evaluating the response of the communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (G-AMF) and fine root endophytes (M-FRE), we estimated foraging speed and precision of multiple taxa within these two groups. We compared the relative abundance of both groups using molecular barcoding. While G-AMF responded in community composition and diversity to inorganic and organic N enrichment, M-FRE did not discriminate among diferentially nutrient-enriched patches. Individual taxa varied in foraging response, but G-AMF were slower and possibly more discriminatory than M-FRE in occupying patches differing in N and/or P-enrichment. Particularly two virtual taxa of the Rhizophagus irregularis morphospecies of the G-AMF grew preferentially into the N-enriched patches. We thus conclude that there exist important differences in the strategies of soil exploration for nutrients within both fungal groups.
Respiratory physiological changes post initiation of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in preterm infants with evolving or established bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Mohamed Basma , Kulkarni Anay , Duffy Donovan , Greenough Anne , Shetty Sandeep 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To assess respiratory changes after neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) initiation in preterm infants with evolving or established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Premature infants born less than 32 weeks gestation with evolving or established BPD initiated on invasive or non-invasive (NIV) NAVA were included. Respiratory data: PCO₂ and SpO₂/FiO₂ (S/F) ratio before and at 4, 24, 48 h post-NAVA initiation were collected. Eighty-eight infants, median GA 25.1 (range 22.7–30.3) weeks, with 191 NAVA episodes were included. Infants born < 32 weeks with evolving and established BPD showed improvements in PCO₂ and S/F ratio 48 h post-NAVA compared to prior: 7.6 (4.5–11.8) versus 8.1 (4.7–13.1) kPa; p < 0.001 and 285 (118–471) versus 276 (103–471); p = 0.013, respectively. Improvements were observed in invasive NAVA: 7.6 (4.5–11.8) versus 8.5 (4.7–12.4) kPa; p = 0.001, 290 (148–471) versus 271 (103–467); p = 0.002, and NIV-NAVA: 7.5 (4.6–11.7) versus 7.9 (5.2–13.1) kPa; p = 0.001, 283 (128–471) versus 294 (114–471); p = 0.002. Severe BPD infants had reductions in PCO₂ 48 h post-initiation: 7.2 (5.6–9.7) versus 8.0 (5.4–11.7) kPa; p = 0.002, with lower FiO₂ requirements 0.37 (0.21–0.65) versus 0.43 (0.21–0.8); p = 0.011, and improved S/F ratios 263 (146–471) versus 219 (114–457); p = 0.006. On subgroup analysis, similar improvements were noted in; PCO2 levels in invasive NAVA (p = 0.011) and NIV-NAVA (p = 0.002), S/F ratios in invasive NAVA (p = 0.046) and NIV-NAVA (p = 0.002) and FiO₂ in invasive NAVA (p = 0.034) and NIV-NAVA (p = 0.053).

Conclusion: NAVA improves CO₂ clearance and oxygenation in infants with evolving or established and severe BPD at 48 h post-initiation. In severe BPD, NAVA also reduced oxygen requirements

What is Known: • NAVA has the potential to improve CO

2

clearance and oxygenation by optimising alveolar ventilation, adapting to the infant's breathing patterns, and enhancing gas exchange.

What is New: • The beneficial effects of NAVA are sustained in infants with evolving or established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), improving carbon dioxide clearance and oxygenation at 48 hours after initiation.
Can response to ADHD medication be predicted?
Authors: Lilja Maria M. , Lichtenstein Paul , Serlachius Eva , Bhagia Jyoti , Malmberg Kerstin , Malm Christer , Lenhard Fabian , Halldner Linda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Predictors for the pharmacological effect of ADHD medication in children and adolescents are lacking. This study examined clinically relevant factors in a large (N = 638) prospective cohort reflecting real-world evidence. Children and adolescents aged 6–17 diagnosed with ADHD were evaluated at baseline and three months following ADHD medication initiation. The outcome was measured as a reduction in total SNAP-IV (Swanson Nolan and Pelham teacher and parent rating scale) score at three months compared to baseline. Outcome groups were defined as Responders (≥ 40% reduction), Intermediate Responders (≥ 20 to < 40% reduction), and Non-responders (< 20% reduction). Included independent variables were the Autism Spectrum Questionnaire (ASSQ), the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS), the Pediatric Side Effect Checklist (P-SEC), anthropometrics measures, geographical region, relative age, Children´s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), Intelligence quotient (IQ), pharmacological treatment initiation month, ADHD symptom severity, ADHD presentation, and psychotic-like experiences. Multinomial logistic regression suggested that ADHD symptom severity, region, relative age, and stating ADHD medication at three-month follow-up were associated with the response outcome group. However, when validating the data with Bootstrap Forest, none of the variables were significant. Thus, in our large naturalistic cohort, we could not identify any clinically relevant factors that reliably predict pharmacological treatment outcomes.

Trial registration: NCT02136147.
Intraperitoneal chemotherapy is now back for ovarian cancer
Authors: Fujiwara Keiichi , Nagao Shoji , Tan David , Hasegawa Kosei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Intraperitoneal Carboplatin for Ovarian Cancer (iPocc) trial demonstrated that intraperitoneal (IP) administration of carboplatin is more effective than intravenous (IV) administration for advanced ovarian cancer, especially in cases with large residual tumors, challenging previous assumptions that IP chemotherapy is only beneficial for small residual tumors. Additionally, the iPocc trial showed that IP chemotherapy has a comparable safety profile to IV chemotherapy, with the exception of port-related toxicities. This review summarizes the principles, development, and significance of IP chemotherapy and discusses its future potential in light of recent studies. Notably, the iPocc trial, conducted under Japan’s new clinical trial regulations, achieving regulatory approval based on investigator-initiated results. The iPocc regimen offers a viable treatment option for patients with advanced ovarian cancer (stages II–IV). However, bevacizumab is recommended for later-line treatments rather than combining it with IP chemotherapy until further trials support such combinations. Future studies are needed to identify biomarkers that predict response to the iPocc regimen. The trial’s success underscores the dedication of patients and families who contributed to this groundbreaking research.
Orientation selectivity properties for the affine Gaussian derivative and the affine Gabor models for visual receptive fields
Authors: Lindeberg Tony 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper presents an in-depth theoretical analysis of the orientation selectivity properties of simple cells and complex cells, that can be well modelled by the generalized Gaussian derivative model for visual receptive fields, with the purely spatial component of the receptive fields determined by oriented affine Gaussian derivatives for different orders of spatial differentiation. A detailed mathematical analysis is presented for the three different cases of either: (i) purely spatial receptive fields, (ii) space-time separable spatio-temporal receptive fields and (iii) velocity-adapted spatio-temporal receptive fields. Closed-form theoretical expressions for the orientation selectivity curves for idealized models of simple and complex cells are derived for all these main cases, and it is shown that the orientation selectivity of the receptive fields becomes more narrow, as a scale parameter ratio

$$\kappa $$

κ

, defined as the ratio between the scale parameters in the directions perpendicular to vs. parallel with the preferred orientation of the receptive field, increases. It is also shown that the orientation selectivity becomes more narrow with increasing order of spatial differentiation in the underlying affine Gaussian derivative operators over the spatial domain. A corresponding theoretical orientation selectivity analysis is also presented for purely spatial receptive fields according to an affine Gabor model, showing that: (i) the orientation selectivity becomes more narrow when making the receptive fields wider in the direction perpendicular to the preferred orientation of the receptive field; while (ii) an additional degree of freedom in the affine Gabor model does, however, also strongly affect the orientation selectivity properties.
Real-to-sim: automatic simulation model generation for a digital twin in semiconductor manufacturing
Authors: Behrendt Sebastian , Altenmüller Thomas , May Marvin Carl , Kuhnle Andreas , Lanza Gisela 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Semiconductor manufacturing systems are highly complex due to intricate processes and material flows. Operating these systems efficiently remains a significant challenge, particularly under the growing demands for operational excellence and cost reduction. Current approaches often rely on extensive manual modeling, which slows down production planning and adaptation. To address these challenges, we propose a data-driven methodology for Automatic Simulation Model Generation (ASMG), enhanced by machine learning techniques. This fully automated pipeline extracts and processes production data (lot tracking information and resource states) to generate simulation models without manual intervention. A machine learning technique called equipment emulation captures complex tool behaviors and mitigates issues with noisy or incomplete data. Validation in two real-world semiconductor production environments, covering over 300 days and showing an accuracy within 5–7% for throughput and uptime, demonstrates the method’s ability to produce precise models. By reducing the time and expertise required for model creation, this ASMG method facilitates agile digital twin implementations and enables faster, more responsive production planning.
Water-temperature equation based on oxygen isotope records of cultured freshwater bivalve Corbicula sandai shells from Lake Biwa, Japan
Authors: Setogawa Masakazu , Domitsu Hanako , Sakai Saburo , Osaka Ken’ichi , Katsuyama Masanori 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study derives the paleotemperature equation based on the oxygen isotope records of freshwater-bivalve shells. We examined the oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) of aragonite shells of the cultured freshwater bivalve Corbicula sandai (Cyrenidae), a species endemic to Lake Biwa, Japan, along with the temperature and δ18O values of water at the culture site. The δ18O values of cultured specimen shells showed clear periodicity corresponding to the culture period; they decreased with increasing water temperature and increased with decreasing water temperature. The observed water temperatures were strongly correlated with the δ18O values for shells minus the δ18O values for water; the following equation for the temperature was calculated by the least-squares method.

$$T \left(^\circ \text{C}\right)=18.19 \left(\pm 0.37\right)-3.93 (\pm 0.33)\times ({{\updelta }^{18}\text{O}}_{\text{aragonite}/\text{VPDB}}-{\updelta }^{18}{\text{O}}_{\text{water}/\text{VSMOW}})$$

T

∘

C

=
18.19

±
0.37

-
3.93

(
±
0.33
)

×

(

δ

18

O

aragonite
/
VPDB

-

δ

18

O

water
/
VSMOW

)

. Using this equation, water temperatures from May 2, 2019, back to 2009 were reconstructed based on the δ18O values of two specimens collected in the lake, then compared with the observed water temperatures at lake depths of 0.5–20 m. In the northern basin of the lake, the water temperature in the shallow layer below the top 15 m, which is the habitat depth of C. sandai, was 26–28°C during the summer and 6–8°C during the winter; the reconstructed water-temperature range of 12–28°C agreed well with the observed higher values. The growth rates of cultured specimens significantly slowed at temperatures below 12–13°C, and the reconstructed minimum-water temperature of approximately 13°C indicates that the equation exhibits reliable accuracy. The growth records of the cultured specimens suggest that the reconstructed water-temperature fluctuations reflect the water temperatures from early spring (April–May) to late autumn (December).