bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of water‐methanol injection and turbocharging on the performance of a hydrogen‐fueled spark ignition engine
Authors: Chitragar P. R. , Shivaprasad K. V. , Ichchangi Manjunath , Ravi Rajesh , Yadav M. S. , Kumar G. N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article presents a study that compares the performance and emission characteristics of a four‐stroke, four‐cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine fueled by gasoline and neat hydrogen. The engine was equipped with turbocharging to optimize ignition timing for power boosting and vaporized water–methanol injection to reduce emissions. Engine tests were conducted at speeds ranging from 2000 to 6000 rpm, with a fixed intake pressure and varying quantities of hydrogen and spark advance timings. The study compared the results of non‐turbocharged and turbocharged engines with water–methanol injection in terms of combustion, performance, and emissions. The findings showed that the turbocharged water–methanol hydrogen operation had a higher brake thermal efficiency (BTE) than its counterpart, while the brake power of the hydrogen engine operation increased with turbocharging but slightly decreased with water–methanol injection. Additionally, volumetric efficiency improved by 7% for turbocharged and 4% for water‐injected hydrogen engine operation compared to the counterpart. The cylinder pressure for turbocharging with water–methanol operation yielded 16.32% higher compared with counterpart gasoline engine operation. Finally, nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions were reduced with turbocharging and water–methanol injection compared to the counterpart non‐turbocharged hydrogen engine operation.
Management of endotracheal tube breakage during extubation in a lion (Panthera leo)
Authors: Wong Adrian M. , Le Souef Anna , Haitjema Hildegriet , Vaughan‐Higgins Rebecca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEndotracheal tube breakage during extubation is a rare complication previously reported in domestic animals, but not in zoo animals. A 9‐year‐old, male lion was anaesthetised to investigate lethargy and inappetence. Following anaesthesia, the lion was transported to its night quarter, a dedicated enclosed area for recovery. The lion was secured within the night quarter, with all personnel separated from the lion by a metal mesh fence. The lion was positioned adjacent to the fence, allowing distant monitoring and access for extubation through the fence. The silicone endotracheal tube broke during extubation. No immediate signs of airway obstruction were observed. The lion was re‐anaesthetised within the night quarter with intramuscular medetomidine and tiletamine/zolazepam administered using a pole syringe. Radiographs confirmed the presence of the broken distal endotracheal tube in the oesophagus, which was then manually retrieved with a mouth gag in place. The lion subsequently recovered with no complications.
A drift‐diffusion based electrothermal model for organic thin‐film devices including electrical and thermal environment
Authors: Glitzky Annegret , Liero Matthias 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe derive and investigate a stationary model for the electrothermal behavior of organic thin‐film devices including their electrical and thermal environment. Whereas the electrodes are modeled by Ohm's law, the electronics of the organic device itself is described by a generalized van Roosbroeck system with temperature‐dependent mobilities and using Gauss–Fermi integrals for the statistical relation. The currents give rise to Joule heat which together with the heat generated by the generation/recombination of electrons and holes in the organic device occur as source terms in the heat flow equation that has to be considered on the whole domain. The crucial task is to establish that the quantities in the transfer conditions at the interfaces between electrodes and the organic semiconductor device have sufficient regularity. Therefore, we restrict the analytical treatment of the system to two spatial dimensions. We consider layered organic structures, where the physical parameters (total densities of transport states, reference energy levels , disorder parameter, basic mobilities, activation energies, relative dielectric permittivity, heat conductivity) are piecewise constant, and we work in a setting for some . We prove the existence of weak solutions using Schauder's fixed point theorem and a regularity result for strongly coupled systems with nonsmooth data and mixed boundary conditions that is verified by Caccioppoli estimates and a Gehring‐type lemma.
Holographic 6d co-dimension 2 defect solutions in M-theory
Authors: Gutperle Michael , Klein Nicholas , Rathore Dikshant 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We consider the uplift of co-dimension two defect solutions of seven dimensional gauged supergravity to eleven dimensions, previously found by two of the authors. The uplifted solutions are expressed as Lin-Lunin-Maldacena solutions and an infinite family of regular solutions describing holographic defects is found using the electrostatic formulation of LLM solutions.
Fox control and fire influence the occurrence of invasive predators and threatened native prey
Authors: Rees Matthew W. , Wintle Brendan A. , Robley Alan , Pascoe Jack H. , Pla Mark Le , Birnbaum Emma K. , Hradsky Bronwyn A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt can be challenging to distinguish management impacts from other population drivers, including ‘natural’ processes and co-occurring threats. However, disentangling processes is important, particularly when management may have unintended consequences, such as mesopredator release. We explored the effects of long-term, broadscale poison-baiting programs on the distribution of red foxesVulpes vulpes(targeted invasive predator), feral catsFelis catus(unmanaged invasive competitor) and two of their threatened native prey in two fire-affected regions of south-eastern Australia. We synthesised data from 3667 camera-trap deployments at 1232 sites (172,052 trap-nights), combining experimental manipulation of foxes and fire with space-for-time approaches. Fox control effectiveness—in terms of decreased probability of fox occurrence and increased probability of prey occurrence—depended on the duration and intensity of the poison-baiting program. The effects of fox control on prey occurrence also varied between the two native prey species: fox control was strongly beneficial to the long-nosed potorooPotorous tridactylusbut had no measurable effect on southern brown bandicootIsoodon obesulusoccurrence. Feral cat occupancy tended to be higher in landscapes with long-term fox control, although we found no effect of fox-bait density on fine-scale cat occurrence. Time since fire (0–80 years) was associated with the occurrence of each study species, but its association with invasive predators also differed among vegetation types. Invasive predators and altered fire regimes are key, often overlapping, biodiversity threats. Our work highlights the importance of fine-scale monitoring and consideration of multiple drivers in distribution models to develop effective, tailored conservation strategies.
The Euler–Bernoulli Limit of Thin Brittle Linearized Elastic Beams
Authors: Ginster Janusz , Gladbach Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe show that the linear brittle Griffith energy on a thin rectangle $\varGamma $
Γ
-converges after rescaling to the linear one-dimensional brittle Euler–Bernoulli beam energy.In contrast to the existing literature, we prove a corresponding sharp compactness result, namely a suitable weak convergence after subtraction of piecewise rigid motions with the number of jumps bounded by the energy.
Relationship Quality in Customer-service Robot Interactions in Industry 5.0: An Analysis of Value Recipes
Authors: Roy Sanjit K. , Singh Gaganpreet , Gruner Richard L. , Dey Bidit L. , Shabnam Saadia , Muhammad Syed Sardar , Quaddus Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe paper studies the interactions between customers and robots within the framework of Industry 5.0-driven services. Prior studies have explored several factors contributing to the quality of these interactions, with perceived value being a crucial aspect. This study uses value recipes, which refer to specific configurations of how different benefits and costs are weighed up/evaluated, as a theoretical framework to investigate the quality of relationships between customers and service robots. The study aims to shed light on the complex interplay between different value dimensions that shape customers' relationships with robots. To achieve this goal, the authors analyze what value configurations facilitate or impede high-quality relationships between customers and service robots. Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was used to analyze data from 326 consumers. The data reveal that value recipes comprising positive values (such as relational benefit, novelty, control, personalization, excellence, and convenience) and negative values (about privacy and effort) prove highly effective in augmenting relationship quality. Results also underscore those negative values either in isolation or in conjunction with positive values, do not impede relationship quality. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in presenting new insights into relationship dynamics between customers and service robots in an Industry 5.0 value-driven context. From a practical standpoint, the findings suggest guidelines for successfully infusing the retail landscape with more intelligent service robots.
Identifying outlier scores and outlier jurors to reduce manipulation in classical music competitions
Authors: Kontek Krzysztof , Kenner Kevin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Manipulations in classical music competitions are a proven problem that has as yet not been eradicated from the competition practice. Several examples are provided. We aim to compare and analyze different methods of reducing manipulation in classical music competitions, focusing on outlier scores and on outlier jurors. First, we investigate the typical approach of correcting or discarding individual jurors' scores that significantly deviate from the mean or median of scores received by a given candidate. We then introduce a new method that involves the exclusion of outlier jurors (EOJ). This approach implies that all scores of jurors with ratings that substantially differ from those of other jurors are removed and not taken into account when determining the ranking of candidates. The properties of both approaches are discussed in hypothetical voting scenarios, where one or more jurors assign scores that deviate markedly from those awarded by other jurors. Finally, we present examples of applying various methods to real-world data from classical music competitions, demonstrating the potential effectiveness and implications of each approach in reducing manipulation within these events. Two examples are taken from the International Karol Szymanowski Music Competition, which took place in September 2023 in Katowice, Poland, where EOJ was adopted for the first time as the official scoring system in four competition categories: piano, violin, vocal, and string quartet.
Quantum jet bundles
Authors: Majid Shahn , Simão Francisco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe formulate a notion of jet bundles over a possibly noncommutative algebra A equipped with a torsion-free connection. Among the conditions needed for third-order jets and above is that the connection also be flat and its ‘generalised braiding tensor’ $$\sigma :\Omega ^1\mathop {{\otimes }}_A\Omega ^1\rightarrow \Omega ^1\mathop {{\otimes }}_A \Omega ^1$$

σ
:

Ω
1

⊗
A

Ω
1

→

Ω
1

⊗
A

Ω
1

obey the Yang–Baxter equation or braid relations. We also cover the case of jet bundles of a given ‘vector bundle’ over A in the form of a bimodule E with a flat bimodule connection with its braiding $$\sigma _E$$

σ
E

obeying the coloured braid relations. Examples include the permutation group $$S_3$$

S
3

with its 2-cycles calculus, $$M_2(\mathbb {C})$$

M
2

(
C
)

, the bicrossproduct model quantum spacetime in two dimensions and $$\mathbb {C}_q[SL_2]$$

C
q

[
S

L
2

]

with its 3-dimentional left covariant calculus and q a 4th root of unity.
Identifying decision support needs for emergency response to multiple natural hazards: an activity theory approach
Authors: Sköld Gustafsson Viktor , Andersson Granberg Tobias , Pilemalm Sofie , Waldemarsson Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPlanning and decision making in emergency response systems face new challenges due to climate changes and the increased risk of multiple or compound natural hazards. This is especially the case in areas with inexperience of such events. The aim of this paper is to identify important activities concerning planning and decision-making during responses to natural hazards, and their potential need for decision support. The knowledge base of the study consists of interviews with 12 representatives from the Swedish emergency response system, supplemented by documents covering policies, operations, and responsibility. Thematic coding was applied to the interview data for identification of important planning and decision activities. Needs of decision support were identified by applying activity theory to the identified activities. We found needs of decision support connected to eight identified key activities concerning consequence analysis, national reinforcements, and resource management. The results illuminate a lack of technology to support response activities during both single and multiple natural hazards. The findings can inform policy makers of emergency response of where to concentrate the development of tools for collaborative preparedness and response work to cope with future challenges from natural hazards.
Propagation of light wave around planets in cosmic space
Authors: Berceli Tibor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe propagation of light wave around planets is studied in this paper. There are planets having an atmosphere with permittivity which is high close to the planet surface and gradually decreases with elevation. Based on the results of our investigations when the light beam propagates parallel to the layers of atmosphere, its propagation direction is gradually deviating from the straight line toward higher permittivity layers. This way the light wave follows a curved route. The aim of the paper is to provide a qualitative picture for the phenomenon of light wave propagation bending around cosmic planets.Some planets have no atmosphere. Their surface is not smooth, in addition to plains there are hills and mountains with varying heights. Therefore, dielectric layers parallel to the planet surface can be considered by an equivalent average permittivity which is high at the planet surface and gradually decreases with the elevation. As its consequence the light beam tangentially incident to the planet surface deviates from the straight line and follows a curved route.Based on the results of present investigations, it is not necessary to assume that the cosmic space is curved close to a planet containing a huge mass.
Survival and longevity of European rulers: geographical influences and exploring potential factors, including the Mediterranean diet — a historical analysis from 1354 to the twentieth century
Authors: Madarász Bálint , Fazekas-Pongor Vince , Szarvas Zsófia , Fekete Mónika , Varga János Tamás , Tarantini Stefano , Csiszar Anna , Lionetti Vincenzo , Tabák Adam G. , Ungvari Zoltan , Forrai Judit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSignificant regional variability in lifespan in Europe is influenced by environmental factors and lifestyle behaviors, including diet. This study investigates the impact of geographical region on the lifespan of European rulers spanning from the fourteenth century to the present day. By analyzing historical records and literature, we aim to identify region-specific dietary patterns and lifestyle factors that may have contributed to longer lifespans among rulers. The hypothesis to be tested is that rulers from Southern European countries, where the traditional Mediterranean diet is consumed by the local people, may exhibit longer lifespans compared to rulers from other regions, due to the well-documented health benefits associated with this dietary pattern. We extracted comprehensive information for each ruler, encompassing their sex, birth and death dates, age, age of enthronement, duration of rulership, country, and cause of death (natural vs. non-natural). To determine their nationality, we coded rulers based on their hypothetical present-day residence (2023). Utilizing the EuroVoc Geographical classification, we categorized the countries into four regions: Northern, Western, Southern, Central and Eastern Europe. While Cox regression models did not find significant differences in survival rates among regions, further analysis stratified by time periods revealed intriguing trends. Contrary to our initial predictions, the Northern region displayed better survival rates compared to the Southern region between 1354 and 1499, whereas survival rates were similar across regions from 1500 to 1749. However, after 1750, all regions, except the Southern region, exhibited significantly improved survival rates, suggesting advancements in healthcare and lifestyle factors. These findings underscore the dynamic influence of both region and time period on health and longevity. Interestingly, despite the prevalence of the Mediterranean diet in the Southern region of Europe, rulers from this region did not demonstrate longer lifespans compared to their counterparts in other regions. This suggests that additional lifestyle factors may have played a more prominent role in their longevity. In conclusion, our study sheds light on the intricate relationship between region, time period, and lifespan among European rulers. Although the Mediterranean diet is often associated with health benefits, our findings indicate that it alone may not account for differences in ruler longevity across regions. Further research is warranted to explore the impact of other lifestyle factors on the health and lifespan of European rulers throughout history.
Advance and Application of Single-cell Transcriptomics in Auditory Research
Authors: Ma Xiangyu , Guo Jiamin , Tian Mengyao , Fu Yaoyang , Jiang Pei , Zhang Yuan , Chai Renjie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHearing loss and deafness, as a worldwide disability disease, have been troubling human beings. However, the auditory organ of the inner ear is highly heterogeneous and has a very limited number of cells, which are largely uncharacterized in depth. Recently, with the development and utilization of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), researchers have been able to unveil the complex and sophisticated biological mechanisms of various types of cells in the auditory organ at the single-cell level and address the challenges of cellular heterogeneity that are not resolved through by conventional bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-seq). Herein, we reviewed the application of scRNA-seq technology in auditory research, with the aim of providing a reference for the development of auditory organs, the pathogenesis of hearing loss, and regenerative therapy. Prospects about spatial transcriptomic scRNA-seq, single-cell based genome, and Live-seq technology will also be discussed.
Current Evidence on the Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) on Bone Growth and Health
Authors: Shulhai Anna-Mariia , Palanza Paola , Street Maria Elisabeth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEndocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a heterogeneous group of natural and man-made chemicals from environmental sources that mimic natural hormones. They can have adverse effects on the morphology, physiology, growth, and development of different organs and systems, among these bone health can be affected too. EDCs work as agonists or antagonists on hormonal receptors in hormone-sensitive cells, influence gene expression by epigenetic mechanisms, stimulate or inhibit cell maturation, and affect the synthesis and metabolism of hormones. This review aims to summarize current evidence on the effects of exposure to EDCs on bone from early gestational to birth and long-term adverse effects. Single and mixtures of endocrine-disrupting chemicals can disrupt bone structure by modifying differentiation, increasing osteoclast activity, inhibiting pre-osteoblasts differentiation into mature osteoblasts and osteocytes, inducing changes in signaling pathways downstream of receptors, and ultimately remodeling and modifying the equilibrium between bone resorption and formation leading to increased bone resorption, morphological, and functional changes in bone maturation. EDCs can affect the IGF system, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin gene expression. Findings are relative to both in vitro and in vivo studies. Studies have shown that prenatal exposure to EDCs leads to growth retardation, delayed ossification, and changes in bone length and size and in bone geometry with a lowering of bone mineral density and area-adjusted bone mineral content. Current knowledge on bone health, growth, mineral content, and development from molecular to clinical findings highlights how endocrine-disrupting chemicals can negatively affect these processes. Mechanisms, however, are not fully understood and need further investigation.
The Effect of Pt-type Catalysts on Self-adhesive Properties of Silicone Pressure-sensitive Adhesives
Authors: Antosik Adrian Krzysztof , Gziut Konrad , Weisbrodt Mateusz , Bartkowiak Marcin , Kowalczyk Agnieszka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUseful silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) have been prepared from a high solid silicone resin. Platinum catalysts and crosslinking compounds were used to obtain new self-adhesive tapes. The influence of catalysts and crosslinking compounds on the basic properties of self-adhesive tapes was tested, taking into account the compatibility of silicone composition. The obtained systems showed good self-adhesive properties, and high thermal resistance over 225 °C. The low viscosity of the compositions obtained relatively increases the application potential of self-adhesive tapes based on it. Moreover, the prepared compositions show the potential for further modifications, especially physical ones e.g. silicon powder. The obtained new tapes showed good self-adhesive properties and kept high thermal resistance over 225 °C. It is well known that silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives are a group of silicone adhesives for special applications. Due to their unique resistance to environmental conditions, temperature and chemical resistance, they are difficult to modify.