bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progression of retinal choroidal neovascularization by latent human cytomegalovirus infection and immunological signaling among neonatal patients admitted to tertiary care hospital
Authors: Roy Debsopan , Chatterjee Aroni , Mishra Lopamudra , Chakraborty Nilanjan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChoroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a serious condition that affects the retina, causing partial or complete blindness in people of different ages. While CNV is a common occurrence in various chorioretinopathies, research on its occurrence in neonates is limited. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a significant health threat to neonates, with a strong association with retinal angiogenesis. However, there has been limited investigation into HCMV‐associated CNV progression. In this article, we extensively studied the expression of different inflammatory cytokines and chemokines during latent HCMV‐associated retinal neovascularization. Our research found that HCMV‐induced CNV progression was significantly prominent in the presence of AT2R‐dependent angiogenesis (p < 0.001), whereas in the absence of HCMV, AT1R‐dependent CCL‐5‐mediated angiogenesis was documented. We also observed significant increases in CCL‐19, CCL‐21 chemokine responses, followed by CCR‐7 chemokine receptor activation (p < 0.001) in HCMV‐induced CNV patients compared to HCMV non‐induced CNV groups. Furthermore, significant changes in predictive chemokine markers of HCMV‐induced CNV were positively correlated with HCMV viremia. These immunological alterations ultimately lead to the switching of NFκB canonical and noncanonical pathways, respectively, in HCMV‐induced neonatal CNV and HCMV non‐induced CNV. This clinical observation presents a novel hypothesis that ocular HCMV latency poses a noteworthy risk factor for the progression of retinal neovascularization through a distinctive immunological signaling pathway. The current study represents the first of its kind to report on this association, which may have significant implications for the clinical management of patients with ocular HCMV.
A nomogram for predicting food allergy in infants with feeding problems and malnutrition
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhou Chunyan , Li Luanluan , Wang Xirui , Wang Bin , Hu Yabin , Zhang Yue , Chen Chen , Li Juan , Yu Xiaodan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAs oral food challenge (OFC) cannot be performed routinely in the general outpatient, this study aimed to construct a nomogram to predict the odds of food allergy in infants with idiopathic feeding problems and malnutrition.MethodsFrom August 2018 to December 2021, 289 infants (median age, 6 months; P25–P75, 4–8) with idiopathic feeding problems and malnutrition were enrolled from seven hospitals in Shanghai, China. Food allergy was defined as a positive response to a skin prick test or OFC, with gastrointestinal, dermatologic, or respiratory symptom improvement after 4 weeks of avoidance of the suspected food. Demographic characteristics, Cow's Milk‐related Symptom Scores (CoMiSS), and blood eosinophil amounts were evaluated for their associations with food allergy. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables to develop a nomogram model with the bootstrapped‐concordance index as an assessment metric.ResultsTotally 249 of 289 infants had food allergy (86.2%). After logistic regression analysis, the feeding pattern (odds ratio [OR] = 5.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.13–13.09), a family history of allergy (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 0.71–4.51), CoMiSS (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.19–1.77), and eosinophil percentage (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.11–1.60) were used to develop the model, which had a good performance with an area under the curve of 0.868 (95% CI: 0.792–0.944) and a bootstrapped‐concordance index of 0.868.ConclusionFood allergy is common in infants with idiopathic feeding problems and malnutrition. The developed nomogram may help identify infants with food allergy for further diagnosis.
Increased risk for early revision with quadriceps graft compared with patellar tendon graft in primary ACL reconstructions
Authors: Zegzdryn Marek , Moatshe Gilbert , Engebretsen Lars , Drogset Jon Olav , Lygre Stein Håkon Låstad , Visnes Håvard , Persson Andreas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeBone patella‐tendon bone (BPTB) and hamstring tendon (HT) autografts are the most used grafts in primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions (ACLR) in Norway. Quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft has gained more popularity during the past years. The purpose of this study is to compare revision rates and patient‐reported outcomes of primary QT with BPTB and HT autograft ACL reconstructions in Norway at 2‐year follow‐up. It was hypothesized that there would be no difference in 2‐year revision rates between all three autografts.MethodsData included primary ACLR without concomitant ligament surgeries, registered in the Norwegian Knee Ligament Register from 2004 through 2021. Revision rates at 2 years were calculated using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Hazard ratios (HR) for revision were estimated using multivariable Cox regression analysis with revision within 2 years as endpoint. Mean change in patient‐reported outcome was recorded preoperatively and at 2 years through the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subcategories ‘Sport’ and ‘Quality of Life’ was measured for patients that were not revised and analysed with multiple linear regression.ResultsA total of 24,790 primary ACLRs were identified, 10,924 with BPTB, 13,263 with HT and 603 with a QT graft. Patients in the QT group were younger (23.5 years), more of them were women (58.2%) and over 50% had surgery <3 months after injury. The QT group had the highest prevalence of meniscal injuries (61.9%). Revision estimates at 2‐years were 3.6%, 2.5% and 1.2% for QT, HT and BPTB, respectively (p < 0.001). In a Cox regression analysis with QT as reference, BPTB had a lower risk of revision (HR 0.4, 95% Cl 0.2–0.7, p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in the revision risk between QT and HT (HR 1.1, 95% Cl 0.7–1.8, n.s.). The two most common reported reasons for revision were: traumatic graft rupture and nontraumatic graft failure. There were no differences between the groups in change of KOOS in subcategories ‘Sport’ and ‘Quality of Life’ at 2‐years follow‐up.ConclusionThe 2‐year risk of revision after ACLR with QT was higher than BPTB and similar to HT. No difference was found between the groups in patient‐reported outcomes. This study provides valuable insights for both surgeons and patients when making decisions about the choice of autografts in primary ACL reconstructions.Level of Evidence: Level II.
Efficient Cascaded Third‐Harmonic Generation in Sampled‐Grating Periodically‐Poled Lithium Niobate Waveguides
Authors: Wu Xiao , Zhang Li , Hao Zhenzhong , Zhang Yuchen , Kang Shuting , Ma Rui , Gao Feng , Bo Fang , Zhang Guoquan , Xu Jingjun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPeriodically poled thin‐film lithium niobate (PPTFLN) waveguides enable efficient quadratic nonlinear processes due to the strong light confinement and the utilization of the largest nonlinear coefficient d33 of lithium niobate. Here, an efficient third harmonic (TH) generation is reported with a normalized conversion efficiency of 6481% W−2 cm−4 in a sampled‐grating PPTFLN waveguide under the pump of a continuous laser, which is improved by 4 orders of magnitude compared with reported results. Such an efficient TH generation is realized by cascaded second‐harmonic (SH) generation and sum‐frequency (SF) generation supported by a sampled‐grating domain structure with two Fourier coefficients of 0.44 and 0.37, respectively. Phase matching conditions for the SH and cascaded SF processes are simultaneously achieved by finely tuning the geometric dispersion, domain structure, and operating temperature of the PPTFLN waveguides.
Analyzing cyclic shear behavior at the sand–rough concrete interface: An experimental and DEM study across varying displacement amplitudes
Authors: Zhang Shixun , Liu Feiyu , Zeng Weixiang , Ying Mengjie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPile foundations frequently endure dynamic loads, necessitating an in‐depth examination of the cyclic shear properties at the pile–soil interface. This study involved a series of cyclic direct shear (CDS) tests conducted on sand and concrete with irregular surface, utilizing varying displacement amplitudes (1, 3, 6, and 10 mm) and joint roughness coefficients (0.4, 5.8, 9.5, 12.8, and 16.7). Discrete Element Method (DEM) models, informed by experimental data, facilitated mesoscopic mechanical response analyses. Findings indicate that the sand–concrete interface undergoes softening, with hysteresis loops' morphology dependent largely on displacement amplitude. A maximum ultimate shear stress corresponds to a specific critical surface roughness, while the initial tangent modulus escalates with increased concrete roughness. Volume variations of the specimen inversely correlate with displacement amplitude and directly with surface roughness. As displacement amplitude expands, there is a reduction in the maximum shear stiffness and an elevation in the maximum damping ratio. Empirical formulas for the surface roughness and normalized shear stiffness were proposed. Larger displacement amplitudes result in more substantial shear bands and heightened energy dissipation, yet the incremental energy ratio remains largely unaffected. Predominant energy dissipation mechanisms include both slip and rolling slip, with the former surpassing the latter in energy dissipation capacity. The anisotropy directions of contact normal, normal contact forces, and tangential contact forces consistently fluctuate with shear direction alterations.
Assumed strain methods in micromechanics, laminate composite voxels and level sets
Authors: Lendvai Jonas , Schneider Matti 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis work deals with the composite voxel method, which—in its original form—furnishes voxels containing more than one material with a surrogate material law accounting for the heterogeneity in the voxel. We show that the laminate composite voxel technique naturally arises as an assumed strain method, that is, the general framework introduced by Simo‐Rifai, for a specific choice of enhanced strain field. As a consequence, laminate composite voxels may be regarded as a kinematic assumption within a discretization scheme rather than a part of material modeling, as suggested originally. We discuss how to seamlessly integrate composite voxels into the framework of a level‐set description of the microstructure, in particular the accurate and efficient computation of normals and cut‐volume fractions. In contrast to more traditional strategies based on subvoxelizations, the introduced method avoids systematic errors when computing composite voxel properties. We demonstrate the applicability of the developed technology for a number of relevant computational examples.
Effect of intermittent subchronic MK‐801 administration on dopamine synthesis capacity and responsiveness in the prefrontal cortex
Authors: Shibata Kazuro , Enomoto Kosuke , Tsutsumi Takahiro , Muraoka Hiroyuki , Fuwa Tatsu , Kawano Masahiko , Ishigooka Jun , Inada Ken , Nishimura Katsuji , Oshibuchi Hidehiro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThe therapeutic potential of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists, particularly ketamine, in mood disorders, is linked to their modulation of dopamine dynamics in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). However, conflicting effects of distinct NMDAR antagonists, like ketamine and phencyclidine, on mPFC dopamine levels stem from variances in their receptor affinity profiles. This study investigates the impact of intermittent subchronic administration of an NMDAR antagonist on dopamine synthesis capacity and responsiveness within the mPFC, focusing on Dizocilpine (MK‐801), a highly selective NMDAR antagonist.MethodsIn vivo microdialysis and high‐performance liquid chromatography assessed extracellular dopamine levels in the mPFC following subchronic MK‐801 treatment. Locomotor activity was measured using a computed video tracking system.ResultsIntermittent subchronic MK‐801 administration, followed by a 24‐h withdrawal, preserved both dopamine synthesis capacity and responsiveness to MK‐801 challenge in the mPFC. However, altered locomotor activity was observed, deviating from previous findings indicating impaired dopamine synthesis and responsiveness in the mPFC with twice‐daily subchronic NMDAR antagonist treatment.ConclusionThese findings offer crucial biochemical insights into the diverse impacts of NMDAR antagonists on dopamine dynamics and the distinct therapeutic mechanisms associated with ketamine in depression treatment. However, further investigation is imperative to pinpoint potential inconsistencies stemming from variances in drug type, dosage, or administration frequency.
A simple phenomenological model for recovery behaviors of amorphous thermoset‐based shape memory polymers via a time‐varying viscosity
Authors: Tian Mingyuan , Yin Deshun , Chen Xuan , Qin Shaopeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractShape memory polymers are a typical class of smart materials with wide potential applications. Mathematically modeling their thermomechanical behaviors with both simplicity and accuracy is challenging. In this work, a time‐varying viscosity model was introduced to investigate amorphous thermoset‐based shape memory polymers, with a special focus on recovery behaviors. This model employs only a varying viscosity to describe both the mechanism of strain storage and release during the shape memory cycle and the modulus‐temperature trend, along with a phenomenological description for the structural transition. Furthermore, the model effectively captures the effect of temperature rates and load conditions on recovery behaviors by tracking the evolution of parameter τ. This parameter shares the same dimension as time and serves as a phenomenological indicator of the chain mobility. Moreover, the parameter τ exhibits similar values among diverse materials at a specific characteristic temperature, providing a simple way to estimate the extent of recovery.Highlights
Introduced a simple phenomenological model to reproduce recovery behaviors and depict the modulus‐temperature trend.
Both simulation and prediction results exhibit good agreement with tests.
Effects of heating rates and load conditions can be traced by the model.
The key model parameter τ possesses engineering and physical significance.
A novel HDAC6 inhibitor interferes microtubule dynamics and spindle assembly checkpoint and sensitizes cisplatin‐induced apoptosis in castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Ye Pei‐Chen , Leu Wohn‐Jenn , Yeh Tsung‐Yu , Hsu Yu‐Tung , Lin Yi‐Chin , Wei Zi‐Yuan , Chen Yi‐Chin , Chiang Yi‐Chang , Hsu Jui‐Ling , Chan She‐Hung , Hsu Lih‐Ching , Chern Ji‐Wang , Yu Chao‐Wu , Guh Jih‐Hwa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMetastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the most refractory prostate cancer, inevitably progresses and becomes unresponsive to hormone therapy, revealing a pressing unmet need for this disease. Novel agents targeting HDAC6 and microtubule dynamics can be a potential anti‐CRPC strategy.MethodsCell proliferation was examined in CRPC PC‐3 and DU‐145 cells using sulforhodamine B assay and anchorage‐dependent colony formation assay. Flow cytometric analysis of propidium iodide staining was used to determine cell‐cycle progression. Cell‐based tubulin polymerization assay and confocal immunofluorescence microscopic examination determine microtubule assembly/disassembly status. Protein expressions were determined using Western blot analysis.ResultsA total of 82 novel derivatives targeting HDAC6 were designed and synthesized, and Compound 25202 stood out, showing the highest efficacy in blocking HDAC6 (IC50, 3.5 nM in enzyme assay; IC50, 1.0 μM in antiproliferative assay in CRPC cells), superior to tubastatin A (IC50, 5.4 μM in antiproliferative assay). The selectivity and superiority of 25202 were validated by examining the acetylation of both α‐tubulin and histone H3, detecting cell apoptosis and HDACs enzyme activity assessment. Notably, 25202 but not tubastatin A significantly decreased HDAC6 protein expression. 25202 prolonged mitotic arrest through the detection of cyclin B1 upregulation, Cdk1 activation, mitotic phosphoprotein levels, and Bcl‐2 phosphorylation. Compound 25202 did not mimic docetaxel in inducing tubulin polymerization but disrupted microtubule organization. Compound 25202 also increased the phosphorylation of CDC20, BUB1, and BUBR1, indicating the activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Moreover, 25202 profoundly sensitized cisplatin‐induced cell death through impairment of cisplatin‐evoked DNA damage response and DNA repair in both ATR–Chk1 and ATM–Chk2 pathways.ConclusionThe data suggest that 25202 is a novel selective and potent HDAC6 inhibitor. Compound 25202 blocks HDAC6 activity and interferes microtubule dynamics, leading to SAC activation and mitotic arrest prolongation that eventually cause apoptosis of CRPC cells. Furthermore, 25202 sensitizes cisplatin‐induced cell apoptosis through impeding DNA damage repair pathways.
Quantitative modeling of tumor dynamics and development of drug resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer patients treated with erlotinib
Authors: Yin Anyue , Veerman G. D. Marijn , van Hasselt Johan G. C. , Steendam Christi M. J. , Dubbink Hendrikus Jan , Guchelaar Henk‐Jan , Friberg Lena E. , Dingemans Anne‐Marie C. , Mathijssen Ron H. J. , Moes Dirk Jan A. R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInsight into the development of treatment resistance can support the optimization of anticancer treatments. This study aims to characterize the tumor dynamics and development of drug resistance in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer treated with erlotinib, and investigate the relationship between baseline circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) data and tumor dynamics. Data obtained for the analysis included (1) intensively sampled erlotinib concentrations from 29 patients from two previous pharmacokinetic (PK) studies, and (2) tumor sizes, ctDNA measurements, and sparsely sampled erlotinib concentrations from 18 patients from the START‐TKI study. A two‐compartment population PK model was first developed which well‐described the PK data. The PK model was subsequently applied to investigate the exposure‐tumor dynamics relationship. To characterize the tumor dynamics, models accounting for intra‐tumor heterogeneity and acquired resistance with or without primary resistance were investigated. Eventually, the model assumed acquired resistance only resulted in an adequate fit. Additionally, models with or without exposure‐dependent treatment effect were explored, and no significant exposure‐response relationship for erlotinib was identified within the observed exposure range. Subsequently, the correlation of baseline ctDNA data on EGFR and TP53 variants with tumor dynamics’ parameters was explored. The analysis indicated that higher baseline plasma EGFR mutation levels correlated with increased tumor growth rates, and the inclusion of ctDNA measurements improved model fit. This result suggests that quantitative ctDNA measurements at baseline have the potential to be a predictor of anticancer treatment response. The developed model can potentially be applied to design optimal treatment regimens that better overcome resistance.
Silver Nanowires Cascaded Layered Double Hydroxides Nanocages with Enhanced Directional Electron Transport for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Fan Jinchen , Ma Jin , Zhu Liuliu , Wang Hui , Hao Weiju , Min Yulin , Bi Qingyuan , Li Guisheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDesigning and fabricating highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalytic materials for water splitting is a promising and practical approach to green and sustainable low‐carbon energy systems. Herein, a facile in situ growth self‐template strategy by using ZIF‐67 as a consumable layered double hydroxides (LDHs) template and silver nanowires (AgNWs) as 1D conductive cascaded substrate to controllably synthesize the target AgNWs@CoFe‐LDH composites with unique hollow shell sugar gourd‐like structure and enhanced directional electron transport effect is reported. The AgNWs exhibit the key functions of the close connection of CoFe‐LDH nanocages and the support of the directional electron transport effect in the composite catalyst inducing electrons directionally moving from CoFe‐LDH to AgNWs. Meanwhile, the CoFe‐LDH nanocages with ultrathin nanosheets and hollow structural properties show abundant active sites for electrocatalytic oxygen generation. The versatile AgNWs@CoFe‐LDH catalyst with optimized components, enhanced directional electron transport, and synergistic effect achieves high OER performance with the overpotential of 207 mV and long‐term 50 h stability at 10 mA cm−2 in an alkaline medium. Moreover, in‐depth insights into the microstructure, structure‐activity relationships, identification of key intermediate species, and a proton‐coupled four‐electron OER mechanism based on experimental discovery and theoretical calculation are also demonstrated.
Self‐Promoted Hydroxyl Radical Releasing Magnetic Zn@Fe Particles
Authors: Yi Guangshun , Gao Shujun , Armugam Arunmozhiarasi , Riduan Siti Nurhanna , Teong Siew Ping , Li Xiukai , Wang Jinquan , Chan Shook Pui , Lu Hongfang , Ying Jackie Y. , Zhang Yugen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSemiconductor photocatalysts, such as TiO2 and ZnO, have garnered significant attention for their ability to generate hydroxyl radicals, offering various practical applications. However, the reliance on UV light to facilitate electron‐hole separation for hydroxyl radical production poses limitations. In this study, a novel approach is presented utilizing Zn@Fe core/shell particles capable of generating hydroxyl radicals without external energy input. The generation process involves electron donation from Zn to O2, resulting in the formation of radical species .O2−/H2O2, followed by Fe‐catalyzed conversion of H2O2 into hydroxyl radicals through the Fenton reaction. The release of .OH imparts good antimicrobial and antiviral properties to the Zn@Fe particles. Furthermore, the inclusion of Fe confers magnetic properties to the material. This dual functionality holds promise for diverse potential applications for the Zn@Fe particles.
Ultrasound Mediated Polymerization for Cell Delivery, Drug Delivery, and 3D Printing
Authors: Debbi Lior , Machour Majd , Dahis Daniel , Shoyhet Hagit , Shuhmaher Margarita , Potter Ruth , Tabory Yael , Goldfracht Idit , Dennis Itiel , Blechman Tom , Fuchs Theodor , Azhari Haim , Levenberg Shulamit 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSafe and accurate in situ delivery of biocompatible materials is a fundamental requirement for many biomedical applications. These include sustained and local drug release, implantation of acellular biocompatible scaffolds, and transplantation of cells and engineered tissues for functional restoration of damaged tissues and organs. The common practice today includes highly invasive operations with major risks of surgical complications including adjacent tissue damage, infections, and long healing periods. In this work, a novel non‐invasive delivery method is presented for scaffold, cells, and drug delivery deep into the body to target inner tissues. This technology is based on acousto‐sensitive materials which are polymerized by ultrasound induction through an external transducer in a rapid and local fashion without additional photoinitiators or precursors. The applicability of this technology is demonstrated for viable and functional cell delivery, for drug delivery with sustained release profiles, and for 3D printing. Moreover, the mechanical properties of the delivered scaffold can be tuned to the desired target tissue as well as controlling the drug release profile. This promising technology may shift the paradigm for local and non‐invasive material delivery approach in many clinical applications as well as a new printing method – “acousto‐printing” for 3D printing and in situ bioprinting.