bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors for postoperative delirium after head and neck cancer surgery: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Dong Bo , Yu Dongdong , Jiang Li , Liu Meinv , Li Jianli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a frequent neurologic dysfunction that often leads to more negative outcomes. Early identification of patients who are vulnerable to POD and early implementation of appropriate management strategies could decrease its occurrence and improve patient prognosis. Therefore, this meta-analysis comprehensively and quantitatively summarized the prevalence and related predictive factors of POD in head and neck cancer surgical patients.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for observational studies that reported the prevalence and risk factors for POD after head and neck cancer surgery and were published from their inception until December 31, 2022. Two reviewers independently selected qualified articles and extracted data. The qualities of related papers were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.0 were applied to analysis the data and conduct the meta-analysis.

Results
Sixteen observational studies with 3289 inpatients who underwent head and neck cancer surgery were included in this review. The occurrence of POD ranged from 4.2 to 36.9%, with a pooled incidence of 20% (95% CI 15–24%, I2 = 93.2%). The results of this pooled analysis demonstrated that the statistically significant risk factors for POD were increased age (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.07, P < 0.001), age > 75 years (OR: 6.52, 95% CI: 3.07–13.87, P < 0.001), male sex (OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.06–4.97, P = 0.04), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists grade (OR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.44–3.33, P < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.24–6.01, P = 0.01), and history of smoking (OR: 2.74, 95% CI: 1.13–6.65, P = 0.03).

Conclusions
POD frequently occurs after head and neck cancer surgery. Several independent predictors for POD were identified, which might contribute to identifying patients at high risk for POD and play a prominent role in preventing POD in patients following head and neck cancer surgery.
Development and validation a radiomics nomogram for predicting thymidylate synthase status in hepatocellular carcinoma based on Gd-DTPA contrast enhanced MRI
Authors: Ding Zongren , Wu Yijun , Fang Guoxu , Lin Zhaowang , Lin Kongying , Fu Jun , Huang Qizhen , Tang Yanyan , You Wuyi , Liu Jingfeng , Zeng Yongyi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for predicting thymidylate synthase (TYMS) status in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by using Gd-DTPA contrast enhanced MRI.

Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 147 consecutive patients with surgically confirmed HCC and randomly allocated to training and validation set (7:3). The TYMS status was immunohistochemical determined and classified into low TYMS (positive cells ≤ 25%) and high TYMS (positive cells > 25%) groups. Radiomics features were extracted from the arterial phases and portal venous phase of Gd-DTPA contrast enhanced MRI. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were applied for generating the Rad score. Clinical data and MRI findings were assessed to build a clinical model. Rad score combined with clinical features was used to construct radiomics nomogram.

Results
A total of 2260 features were extracted and reduced to 7 features as the most important discriminators to build the Rad score. InAFP was identified as the only independent clinical factors for TYMS status. The radiomics nomogram showed good discrimination in training (AUC, 0.759; 95% CI 0.665–0.838) and validation set (AUC, 0.739; 95% CI 0.585–0.860), and showed better discrimination capability (P < 0.05) compared with clinical model in training (AUC, 0.656; 95% CI 0.555–0.746) and validation set (AUC, 0.622; 95% CI 0.463–0.764).

Conclusions
The radiomics nomogram shows favorable predictive efficacy for TYMS status in HCC, which might be helpful for the personalized treatment of HCC.
DNA methylation-regulated LINC02587 inhibits ferroptosis and promotes the progression of glioma cells through the CoQ-FSP1 pathway
Authors: Wang Zhengang , Cui Yang , Wang Fanchen , Xu Lixia , Yan Yan , Tong Xiaoguang , Yan Hua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered key players in the formation and development of tumors. Herein, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was employed as a bioinformatics technology. LINC02587 is differentially expressed in bladder urothelial cancer, glioblastoma, lung adenocarcinoma, lung SCC, melanoma, and other tumor tissue and cells. However, its impact on the emergence of glioma and its mechanism is remaining elusive.

Methods
Some of the in vitro assays employed in this study were the CCK-8 / Annexin-V / Transwell assays, colony formation, and wound healing, together with Western blot (WB) evaluation. MSP / BSP assays were employed for assessing the CpG island’s methylation status in the LINC02587 promoter. Through transcriptome, ferroptosis-related experiments, and WB evaluation, it was confirmed that LINC02587 is correlated with the regulation of ferroptosis in tumor cells, and CoQ-Fsp1 is one of its regulatory pathways. Moreover, the underlined in-vitro results were further validated by in-vivo studies.

Results
The current study shows that the promoter sequence of LINC02587 is regulated by methylation. The silencing of LINC02587 can inhibit cellular proliferative, migrative, and invasive properties, and induce ferroptosis within gliomas through the CoQ-FSP1 pathway.

Conclusions
LINC02587 is likely to be a novel drug target in treating glioma.
Mindfulness-based real-time fMRI neurofeedback: a randomized controlled trial to optimize dosing for depressed adolescents
Authors: Bloom Paul A. , Pagliaccio David , Zhang Jiahe , Bauer Clemens C. C. , Kyler Mia , Greene Keara D. , Treves Isaac , Morfini Francesca , Durham Katherine , Cherner Rachel , Bajwa Zia , Wool Emma , Olafsson Valur , Lee Ray F. , Bidmead Fred , Cardona Jonathan , Kirshenbaum Jaclyn S. , Ghosh Satrajit , Hinds Oliver , Wighton Paul , Galfalvy Hanga , Simpson H. Blair , Whitfield-Gabrieli Susan , Auerbach Randy P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdolescence is characterized by a heightened vulnerability for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) onset, and currently, treatments are only effective for roughly half of adolescents with MDD. Accordingly, novel interventions are urgently needed. This study aims to establish mindfulness-based real-time fMRI neurofeedback (mbNF) as a non-invasive approach to downregulate the default mode network (DMN) in order to decrease ruminatory processes and depressive symptoms.MethodsAdolescents (N = 90) with a current diagnosis of MDD ages 13–18-years-old will be randomized in a parallel group, two-arm, superiority trial to receive either 15 or 30 min of mbNF with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Real-time neurofeedback based on activation of the frontoparietal network (FPN) relative to the DMN will be displayed to participants via the movement of a ball on a computer screen while participants practice mindfulness in the scanner. We hypothesize that within-DMN (medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC] with posterior cingulate cortex [PCC]) functional connectivity will be reduced following mbNF(Aim 1: Target Engagement).Additionally, we hypothesize that participants in the 30-min mbNF condition will show greater reductions in within-DMN functional connectivity(Aim 2: Dosing Impact on Target Engagement).Aim 1 will analyze data from all participants as a single-group, and Aim 2 will leverage the randomized assignment to analyze data as a parallel-group trial. Secondary analyses will probe changes in depressive symptoms and rumination.DiscussionResults of this study will determine whether mbNF reduces functional connectivity within the DMN among adolescents with MDD, and critically, will identify the optimal dosing with respect to DMN modulation as well as reduction in depressive symptoms and rumination.Trial RegistrationThis study has been registered with clinicaltrials.gov, most recently updated on July 6, 2023 (trial identifier: NCT05617495).
Association of diet quality with the risk of Sarcopenia based on the Chinese diet balance index 2016: a cross-sectional study among Chinese adults in Henan Province
Authors: Ran Xiaodong , Zhai Junya , Xu Minmin , Zhu Xiaoxi , Ullah Amin , Lyu Quanjun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia can lead to a series of unfavourable health outcomes. Diet is an important factor influencing sarcopenia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of sarcopenia with diet quality assessed by the Chinese Diet Balance Index 2016 (DBI-16).

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect information on nutrition and health in Henan Province, China, and a total of 644 individuals were studied. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria updated in 2019. Diet quality was assessed by using the Chinese Diet Balance Index 2016 (DBI-16), which includes three indicators: the lower bound score (LBS), higher bound score (HBS) and diet quality distance (DQD). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of sarcopenia associated with diet quality.

Results
A total of 49 of the 644 participants were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Excessive intake (score > 0) of cereals, meat, eggs and salt, inadequate intake (score < 0) of vegetables, fruits, dairy products, soybeans and low diet variety were commonly seen in both groups of participants. The participants with sarcopenia had a more serious inadequate intake of fruit than those without sarcopenia (p < 0.05). The overall LBS, HBS and DQD in both groups were in the interval of low-level problems. Compared with participants with a suitable LBS, those with an unsuitable LBS were more likely to have a low gait speed (OR: 2.58; 95%CI: 1.13–7.04) after multiple adjustments. However, the other two DBI-16 indicators, the HBS and DQD, were not associated with sarcopenia or its related diagnostic variables.

Conclusion
Unfavourable diet quality, mainly referring to inadequate dietary intake in this study, may be a risk factor for low gait speed.
The thriving kids and parents schools project: protocol of an incomplete stepped wedged cluster randomised trial evaluating the effectiveness of a Triple P seminar series
Authors: Boyle Christopher , Sanders Matthew R. , Ma Tianyi , Hodges Julie , Allen Kelly-Ann , Cobham Vanessa E. , Darmawan Igusti , Dittman Cassandra K. , Healy Karyn L. , Hepburn Stevie-Jae , MacLeod Lynda M. , Teng Jiachen , Trompf Madilyn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the normality of daily life for many children, their families, and schools, resulting in heightened levels of anxiety, depression, social isolation, and loneliness among young people. An integrated public health model of interventions is needed to address the problem and to safeguard the mental health and wellbeing of children. The Triple P – Positive Parenting Program is one system of parenting support with a strong evidence-base and wide international reach. When implemented as a public health approach, Triple P has demonstrated population level positive effects on child wellbeing. This study will be the first large-scale, multi-site randomised controlled trial of a newly developed, low-intensity variant of Triple P, a school-based seminar series, as a response to the impacts of the pandemic.

Methods
The evaluation will employ an Incomplete Batched Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomised Trial Design. At least 300 Australian primary schools, from South Australia, Queensland, and Victoria will be recruited and randomised in three batches. Within each batch, schools will be randomly assigned to either start the intervention immediately or start in six weeks. Parents will be recruited from participating schools. The Triple P seminar series includes three seminars titled: “The Power of Positive Parenting”, “Helping Your Child to Manage Anxiety”, and “Keeping your Child Safe from Bullying”. Parents will complete measures about child wellbeing, parenting, parenting self-regulation and other key intervention targets at baseline, six weeks after baseline, and 12 weeks after baseline. Intervention effectiveness will be evaluated with a Multilevel Piecewise Latent Growth Curve Modelling approach. Data collection is currently underway, and the current phase of the project is anticipated to be completed in January 2024.

Discussion
The findings from this study will extend the current knowledge of the effects of evidence-based parenting support delivered through brief, universally offered, low intensity, school-based parenting seminars in a post pandemic world.

Trial registration
The trial is registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (Trial Registration Number: ACTRN12623000852651).
Reconstruction of complicated spinal tuberculosis with long-segment fibula transplantation: a case report
Authors: Wang RuiYang , Wang FeiFan , Liu Qing , Zhang Fan , Chen JianFeng , Wu Bin , Ru Neng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Treating complex cases of spinal tuberculosis (STB) that involve multiple vertebral bodies and cause destruction of the spinal structure, kyphotic deformity, and acute nerve injury can be challenging. This report describes the course of treatment and 5-year follow-up of a complex case of multisegmental STB.

Case presentation
This report describes a case of tuberculosis affecting the vertebrae extending from thoracic 12 to lumbar 5 in a 60-year-old woman who suffered sudden paralysis in both lower extremities. The patient underwent emergency posterior paraspinal abscess clearance, laminectomy with spinal decompression. Partial correction of the kyphotic deformity via long-segment fixation from the T9 vertebral body to the ilium in a one-stage posterior procedure. The patient’s neurological status was diagnosed as grade E on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scale after the one-stage operation. Following standardized 4-combination anti-tuberculosis drug therapy for three months in postoperative patients, the patient underwent two-stage transabdominal anterior abscess removal, partial debridement of the lesion and bilateral fibula graft support. One year after the two-stage operation, the patient’s visual analog scale (VAS) score of back pain was 1 point, and the patient’s erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels returned to normal. Five years after the second-stage operation, the Oswestry disability index (ODI) of patient quality of life was 14 points. There was a 4-degree change in the Cobb angle over five years. During the five-year follow-up period, the grafted fibula did not experience any subsidence.

Conclusion
For patients with spinal tuberculosis and acute paralysis, it is essential to relieve spinal cord compression as soon as possible to recover spinal cord function. For lesions that cannot be debrided entirely, although limited debridement combined with anti-tuberculosis drug therapy has the risk of sinus formation and tuberculosis recurrence, it is much safer than the risk of thorough debridement surgery. In this case, an unconventional long-segment fibula graft, pelvis-vertebral support, was an effective reconstruction method.
Oral health outcomes in an HIV cohort with comorbidities- implementation roadmap for a longitudinal prospective observational study
Authors: Omolehinwa Temitope T. , Akintoye Sunday O. , Gabinskiy Marta , Lo Re Vincent , Mupparapu Mel , Urbina Rosa , Schaubel Douglas E. , Corby Patricia M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) perpetually suppresses HIV load and has dramatically altered the prognosis of HIV infection, such that HIV is now regarded as a chronic disease. Side effects of ART in Patients With HIV (PWH), has introduced new challenges including “metabolic” (systemic) and oral complications. Furthermore, inflammation persists despite great viral load suppression and normal levels of CD4+ cell count.
The impact of ART on the spectrum of oral diseases among PWH is often overlooked relative to other systemic complications. There is paucity of data on oral complications associated with ART use in PWH. This is in part due to limited prospective longitudinal studies designed to better understand the range of oral abnormalities observed in PWH on ART.

Methods
We describe here the study design, including processes associated with subject recruitment and retention, study visit planning, oral health assessments, bio-specimen collection and preprocessing procedures, and data management and statistical plan.

Discussion
We present a procedural roadmap that could be modelled to assess the extent and progression of oral diseases associated with ART in PWH. We also highlight the rigors and challenges associated with our ongoing participant recruitment and retention.
A rigorous prospective longitudinal study requires proper planning and execution. A great benefit is that large data sets are collected and biospecimen repository can be used to answer more questions in future studies including genetic, microbiome and metabolome-based studies.

Trial registration
National Institute of Health Clinical Trials Registration (NCT) #: NCT04645693.
What is the uptake rate of breast self-examination in Iranian women? Estimation based on systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ahadinezhad Bahman , Khosravizadeh Omid , Rafiei Sima , Habibi Nastaran , Karimkhani Zahra , Maleki Aisa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast self-examination is a simple, painless, confidential and inexpensive screening method for early diagnosis that does not require specialized tools and equipment. In this study, we have estimated the pooled percentage of breast self-examination (BSE) in Iranian women.

Methods
All the published literatures between 2012 and 2022 have been reviewed. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scientific Information and Magiran databases. The effect size was the pooled percentage of breast self-examination (BSE). In order to check the heterogeneity, the estimation of the I2 index and extraction of the Galbraith plot were used, and the drivers of heterogeneity have been identified through meta-regression and estimates were made based on subgroups. All the analysis was done in STATA 15.

Results
From the initial 294 records, 38 were included in the final analysis in which 9960 women have been studied. The heterogeneity of the studies was high based on the variation in OR (I2 = 98.4%, heterogeneity X2 = 2278.21 (d.f. = 37), p < 0.01). The pooled rate of BSE based on fixed and random methods was obtained as 15.46 (95% CI: 14.83 to 16.09) and 24.74 (95% CI: 19.62 to 29.86) percent, respectively. The highest pooled percentage BSE (39.41%, 95% CI: 30.98 to 47.83) was obtained from studies that investigated the action phase in the Trans theoretical model. The pooled percentage obtained from the studies conducted in the central regions of Iran was higher than other cities (27.47%, 95% CI: 17.38 to 37.55).

Conclusion
The result from our analysis determined that performing breast self-examination in Iranian women is low. Health policy makers can increase the rate of breast self-examination in Iran by implementing basic educational programs in schools and encouraging and justifying women in social health centers.
A comparative study of machine learning algorithms for predicting domestic violence vulnerability in Liberian women
Authors: Rahman Riaz , Khan Md. Nafiul Alam , Sara Sabiha Shirin , Rahman Md. Asikur , Khan Zahidul Islam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDomestic violence against women is a prevalent in Liberia, with nearly half of women reporting physical violence. However, research on the biosocial factors contributing to this issue remains limited. This study aims to predict women’s vulnerability to domestic violence using a machine learning approach, leveraging data from the Liberian Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS) conducted in 2019–2020.We employed seven machine learning algorithms to achieve this goal, including ANN, KNN, RF, DT, XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost. Our analysis revealed that the LightGBM and RF models achieved the highest accuracy in predicting women’s vulnerability to domestic violence in Liberia, with 81% and 82% accuracy rates, respectively. One of the key features identified across multiple algorithms was the number of people who had experienced emotional violence.These findings offer important insights into the underlying characteristics and risk factors associated with domestic violence against women in Liberia. By utilizing machine learning techniques, we can better predict and understand this complex issue, ultimately contributing to the development of more effective prevention and intervention strategies.
Effectiveness of a hysteroscopic tissue removal system device for hysteroscopic myomectomy on patients’ quality of life: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Tam Teresa , Juarez Lourdes 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the quality of life in patients treated for submucosal leiomyomas after hysteroscopic myomectomy compared to medical therapy. This is the first prospective randomized analysis comparing outcomes of medical therapy versus hysteroscopic myomectomy using the TruClear™ hysteroscopic tissue removal system to treat heavy menstrual bleeding from submucosal leiomyoma(s).

Methods
Setting: private practice and community-based hospital; subjects: female patients with symptomatic submucosal leiomyomas from 2014 to 2017. A total of 69 patients enrolled, with 47 completed. Statistical analysis used: randomization, linear mixed-effects modeling, hypothesis testing, and intent-to-treat analysis. Each patient was randomized to oral contraceptive pills/progesterone releasing intrauterine device or hysteroscopic myomectomy. Each patient was to complete the Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Health-related Quality of Life (UFS-QOL) questionnaire at baseline, one month, three months, and greater than or equal to six months after treatment. Main outcome measured: Primary outcome was the health-related quality of life (HR-QOL), as reflected from UFS-QOL scores. Contrasts were constructed from a linear mixed-effects model to compare the two treatment groups for changes from baseline in UFS-QOL scores.

Results
UFS-QOL scores were similar at baseline between the two treatment groups. There was an overall improvement in all UFS-QOL scores within each group. Higher improvement scores were noted in the surgical group compared to the medical group for almost all UFS-QOL scores. At ≥ 6 months, in comparison to the medically managed patients, the most considerable score improvements for the surgical group were reported in HR-QOL concern, activities, self-consciousness and symptom severity scores having mean change scores (95% CIs) of 35.3, 28.9, 28.6, and 32.2, respectively.

Conclusion
Although there was no statistical difference in the change degree of improvement of overall quality of life among patients with symptomatic submucosal leiomyomas who received medical or surgical treatments in the study, there were greater differences in improvements in health-related quality of life scores over time after surgical treatment.