bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triage gap? Analysis of admission rates, service utilisation and mortality for First Nations patients compared to non‐First Nations patients, stratified by ED triage category
Authors: Parsonage Lucinda , Gourley Stephen , Ullah Shahid , Johnson Richard 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundFirst Nations patients often experience poorer health outcomes than non‐First Nations patients. Despite emergency triage primarily focusing on severity, implying comparable outcomes for patients in the same triage group regardless of demographics, the precision of triage for First‐Nations Australians may be undermined by multiple factors, although research in this area is scarce.ObjectiveTo compare admission rates, service utilisation and mortality for First Nations and non‐First Nations patients, based on their triage categories.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study utilised data for all adults presenting between January 2016 and May 2021, to Alice Springs Hospital; totalling 175 199 presentations from 39 882 individual patients. Data were analysed for differences between First Nations and non‐First nations patients for outcomes including 30‐day mortality, admission to hospital and admission to ICU.ResultsFirst Nations patients had significantly higher admission than non‐First Nations patients across all triage categories (P < 0.001). First Nations patients in categories 3 and 4 had a significantly higher 30‐day mortality (P = 0.039, P = 0.045, respectively). First Nations patients in categories 2 and 3 were significantly more likely to be admitted to ICU (P < 0.001).ConclusionFirst Nations patients appear to have worse outcomes than non‐First Nations patients in the same triage category. Socio‐economic factors and high discharge against advice rates from wards may explain the significantly higher admission rate. Under‐recognition of serious illness at triage could be attributed to communication issues or a ‘well bias’. The results raise many questions and further investigation is required.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer and Precancerous Lesions: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Gao Meng Jie , Li Song Bo , Zhu Xiao Jing , Zhang Li Feng , Chen Min , Shi Yong Quan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo investigate the correlation between gastric xanthoma (GX) and precancerous lesions (PCL) and gastric cancer (GC), and to explore other potential risk factors for PCL and GC in northwest China.MethodsA case–control study was conducted from September 2022 to September 2023 at Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China). The patients who underwent gastroscopy were enrolled and divided into the chronic gastritis (CG) group (n = 423), PCL group (n = 422), and GC group (n = 415). The variables were selected through univariate analysis, including demographic information, dietary habits, lifestyle, gastroscopic findings, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with PCL and GC, and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.ResultsGX was more prevalent in the PCL group (14.93%) and the GC group (19.76%) than in the CG group (6.15%). Multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥ 50 years, male gender, rural residence, H. pylori infection, family history of GC, GX, and hypertension were independent risk factors for GC and PCL. Furthermore, a diet high in salt and spice, coupled with daily intake of less than 100 g of fresh fruits, might be associated with the occurrence of GC.ConclusionAge ≥ 50 years, male gender, rural residence, family history of GC and H. pylori infection, presence of GX, and a history of hypertension may be risk factors for PCL and GC.
Microbes as Resources to Remove PPCPs and Improve Water Quality
Authors: Demaria Francesca , Suleiman Marcel , Corvini Philippe , Junier Pilar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe inadequate removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) by traditional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) poses a significant environmental and public health challenge. Residual PPCPs find their way into aquatic ecosystems, leading to bioaccumulation in aquatic biota, the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and contamination of both water sources and vegetables. These persistent pollutants can have negative effects on human health, ranging from antibiotic resistance development to endocrine disruption. To mitigate these risks, there is a growing interest in exploiting microorganisms and their enzymes for bioremediation purposes. By harnessing the metabolic capabilities of microbial communities, PPCPs can be efficiently degraded, transformed, or sequestered in water systems. Additionally, microbial communities exhibit remarkable adaptability and resilience to diverse PPCP contaminants, further underscoring their potential as sustainable and cost‐effective solutions for water treatment. This review explores the promise of microbial bioremediation as an approach to addressing the complex challenges posed by persistent PPCP contamination, emphasising its potential to safeguard both environmental integrity and human well‐being.
Postoperative Lung Function Advantages in Pulmonary Segmentectomy for Early‐Stage Lung Cancer
Authors: Crisafulli Ernesto , Micheletto Claudio , Campisi Alessio , Vocale Emanuele , Schiena Chiara , Sartori Giulia , Gaburro Gianluca , Felici Elide , Infante Maurizio 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn early‐stage lung cancer, lung function appears to be less compromised after segmentectomy than lobectomy, though the advantage seems modest. We aimed to re‐assess postoperative lung function in surgical patients, with a particular focus on the diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO). We evaluated all patients who underwent either lobectomy or segmentectomy for T1a‐c lung cancer at our center between March 2016 and March 2023. From January to June 2024, patients who had undergone segmentectomy, along with a matched cohort of patients who had undergone lobectomy, were invited for a repeat lung function evaluation. Patients were matched 1:1 based on age, sex, surgical approach, year in which the procedure was performed, and tumor location. Lung function testing data including DLCO were then compared to preoperative measures. During the study period, 480 patients received a lobectomy, and 97 received a segmentectomy. Complete lung function evaluation for the study was available for 52 patients (26 matched pairs). The median time from lung resection to repeat spirometry was 35 months. A modest reduction of lung function measures was observed in the segmentectomy group. Conversely, all lung function measures, including DLCO, were significantly impaired in the lobectomy group. In early‐stage lung cancer, patients who perform segmentectomy demonstrated better long‐term lung function preservation compared to those who underwent lobectomy. Whenever feasible, segmentectomy should be considered the procedure of choice for early‐stage lung cancer patients.
Genome‐wide association studies on body weight in Loumen ducks
Authors: Liu Hongxiang , Wang Yifei , Zhu Chunhong , Wang Zhicheng , Song Weitao , Xu Wenjuan , Tao Zhiyun , Zhang Shuangjie , Li Huifang , Liu Honglin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBody weight is an important trait associated with meat production in the poultry industry. To better understand the genetic basis of body weights in ducks, we estimated genetic parameters and performed a genome‐wide association study. The phenotypic values of body weights at ages 0 weeks (bw0) and 8 weeks (bw8) were collected individually from 199 Loumen ducks, and their genotypes were assayed with whole genome re‐sequencing. The heritability of bw0 and bw8 are 0.32 and 0.43, respectively, and the genetic correlation of bw0 and bw8 was very low (−7.256e‐5). The genome‐wide association study results identified eight SNPs significantly associated with bw0 and bw8. The two and nine genes nearest to the significant SNPs were selected as candidate genes: PIK3R5 and MYH10 for bw0, and LOC119717016, RHOJ, PPP2R5E, BRF1, LOC106018961, NUDT14, JAG2, CEP170B, and AKT1 for bw8. Together, the SNPs and candidate genes identified in this study advance understanding of the complex genetic architecture of bw0 and bw8, and provide important clues for future implementation of a genomic selection program in Loumen ducks.
Higher testosterone level is associated with improved cognitive functions in Klinefelter syndrome
Authors: Simonetti Luciane , Ferreira Lucas G. A. , Rocco Isadora S. , de Mello Claudia Berlim , Dias da Silva Magnus R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractKlinefelter syndrome (KS) is a common sex chromosome aneuploidy affecting one to two per 1000 live male births. Testosterone therapy and neuropsychological support can enhance the quality of life in affected individuals. While cognitive deficits have been documented in Klinefelter syndrome, the influence of hormonal variability on cognitive profiles remains underexplored. This study aimed to determine whether testosterone levels correlate with neurocognitive functions in Klinefelter syndrome individuals. This cross‐sectional study involved a heterogeneous clinical sample from a single tertiary referral hospital. Participants: Thirty Klinefelter syndrome individuals were enrolled, being 21 with 47, XXY without neurological comorbidities, aged 17–65 years. Participants underwent blood tests for total testosterone, free testosterone, estradiol, sex‐hormone‐binding globulin, follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and anti‐Müllerian hormone. A comprehensive neuropsychological assessment was also conducted, covering intellectual quotient (Wechsler Scale) and higher‐order cognitive functions (attention, executive functions, language, memory, and visuoconstructional abilities). Neuropsychological performance was notably better in Klinefelter syndrome individuals with higher levels of testosterone. Spearman's test revealed significant correlations between total testosterone, free testosterone, and gonadal status measured by free testosterone/luteinizing hormone and free testosterone/estradiol ratios and cognitive flexibility tasks. The mean age of participants was 33.1 years (SD = 14.0), and free testosterone/luteinizing hormone and free testosterone/estradiol measures were correlated with set‐shifting, verbal memory, visual functions, and adaptive behavior domains, including communication, daily living, and motor skills. The free testosterone:estradiol ratio was also consistently associated with total intellectual quotient, verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, and processing speed indexes. The study highlights the positive correlation between testosterone levels and cognitive functions in Klinefelter syndrome males. These insights reinforce the role of testosterone in neurocognitive development, suggesting the potential benefits of testosterone therapy in managing cognitive deficits in Klinefelter syndrome. More extensive confirmatory studies are necessary to substantiate these findings and to explore the mechanisms involved.
Causes of mortality and morbidity in the endangered southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus obesulus)
Authors: Breidahl AJ , Jansen E , McKee E , Maclagan S , Charles J , Samuel J , Beveridge I , Whiteley P , Traub R , Hufschmid J 
Published: January 2025

The southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus obesulus) is a small, endangered, Australian, ground‐dwelling marsupial. Apart from isolated necropsy reports, there has not been a systematic investigation into the health and causes of death for this species.ObjectiveTo investigate and document the causes of death and the parasites of free‐ranging populations of southern brown bandicoots in southern, central Victoria, Australia.MethodsGross necropsy, histopathology and identification of ectoparasites and endoparasites were performed on 62 dead southern brown bandicoots opportunistically collected from July 2011 to January 2018. Molecular methods were used to detect and genetically characterise the presence of Toxoplasma gondii in select tissues.ResultsThe vast majority of animals died as a result of either motor vehicle trauma or predation (45/62). A further seven bandicoots died from varying causes with either diagnostic gross or microscopic evidence of pathology, and there were five ejected pouch young. The cause of death was undetermined in another five cases. Toxoplasma gondii was detected in one southern brown bandicoot, which demonstrated polymorphisms in the B1 and SAG3 genes. This is the first definitively documented case of T. gondii infection in this species in Victoria. All of the identified parasites have previously been reported in southern brown bandicoots, apart from a metastrongyloid lungworm, which is reported here for the first time.ConclusionsMotor vehicle trauma and predation are highlighted as causes of fatality that likely threaten these populations of southern brown bandicoots. Further investigation into the role that disease, particularly toxoplasmosis, may be playing in southern brown bandicoot population decline is recommended.
Natural history of the small snake Epictia munoai (Scolecophidia; Leptotyphlopidae): Reproductive cycle, sexual maturity and activity pattern
Authors: Mario‐Da‐Rosa Conrado , Brum Amanda J. C. , Loebens Luiza , Santos Tiago G. , Cechin Sonia Z. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEpictia munoai is a small scolecophidian snake from the subtropical region of South America. It inhabits under rocks of preserved environments. Since basic information concerning the biology of this snake remains unknown, we aimed at presenting information on age, reproductive cycle, and daily and annual activity patterns of E. munoai from Southernmost Brazil. Males and females of E. munoai becomes sexually mature from 3 to 4 years of age, and presents a life expectancy of up to 9 or 10 years. The breeding cycle at the individual level is cyclical and discontinuous, and seasonal at the population level, with breed season from late winter to late spring. Epictia munoai is a diurnal snake, active under rocks during the hottest periods of the day, especially during the spring in southern latitudes. Our results provide new and unprecedented information about the natural history of a small species of South American fossorial snake. Information like this is extremely important as it helps to understand the life history of a species, in addition to serving as a basis for studies in areas such as population ecology, historical demography, phylogeography and conservation biology.
Welfare improving common ownership in successive oligopolies: The role of the input market
Authors: Matsumura Toshihiro , Henry Wang X. , Zeng Chenhang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study investigates the welfare consequences of common ownership in a successive vertical oligopoly, in which upstream firms produce a homogeneous input and compete in quantities, while downstream firms produce differentiated final products and compete either in quantities or prices. Common ownership in both markets internalizes a negative horizontal externality and a positive vertical externality. The interaction between these externalities shapes market outcomes. Our main results are summarized as follows. If the downstream market is monopolized, common ownership always improves welfare. However, if the upstream market is monopolized, common ownership benefits welfare under Bertrand competition but harms it under Cournot competition when the downstream market is competitive. Further, greater upstream competition weakens the pro‐competitive effect. Under Bertrand (Cournot) competition, common ownership harms welfare unless the upstream is (both upstream and downstream markets are) highly concentrated. These results suggest that whether common ownership benefits consumers and social welfare is crucially dependent on the competitiveness of upstream and downstream markets and the competition mode in the downstream market.
Organoids in Haematologic Research: Advances and Future Directions
Authors: Chang Liangzheng , Li Lu , Han Yuling , Cheng Hui , Yang Liuliu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOrganoid technology, as a revolutionary biomedical tool, has shown immense potential in haematological research in recent years. By using three‐dimensional (3D) cell culture systems constructed from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) or adult stem cells (ASCs), organoids can highly mimic the characteristics of in vivo organs, thereby offering significant potential for investigating human organ development, disease processes and treatment strategies. This review introduces the development of organoids and focuses on their progress in haematological research, including haematopoietic‐related organoids, immune‐related organoids and organoids used for studying blood system diseases. It discusses the prospects, challenges and future outlook of organoids in the field of haematology. This review aims to provide the latest advancements and future directions of organoid technology in haematological research, offering references and insights into further exploration in this field.
TRAPPC2l Participates in Male Germ Cell Development by Regulating Cell Division
Authors: Wang Mengyue , Li Jiayi , Liu Bowen , Shen Zhiming , Chen Min , Cui Xiuhong , Liu Hongbin , Gao Fei , Zhao Han 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTRAPPC2L is a core subunit of the Transport Protein Particle (TRAPP) complex, which is involved in vesicle transport and autophagy. Mutations in Trappc2l gene are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, characterised by severe neurodevelopmental delays and varying degrees of muscle abnormalities. In this study, we found that the knockout of Trappc2l did not cause developmental abnormalities in both male and female mice. However, the male mice were completely infertile. Histological examination revealed that germ cell syncytial structures with multiple nuclear were formed in Trappc2l knockout mice from embryonic day 17.5 (E17.5) and the number and size of these structures gradually were increased at later developmental stages. The germ cells were completely lost at 2 weeks after birth. Further study found that germ cell syncytial structures were most likely formed by abnormal cell division but not cell fusion. We also found that meiosis‐associated genes Stra8 and Sycp3 were expressed in Trappc2l‐deficient germ cells during the embryonic stage. Our study demonstrated that Trappc2l is essential for germ cell development in male mice which is probably involved in keeping the mitotic quiescent state of male germ cells during the embryonic stage.
Cutaneous reactions to vaccination
Authors: Kussini Jacqueline , Mühlenbein Stefan , Didona Dario , Pfützner Wolfgang 
Published: January 2025

SummaryVaccination is a fundamental principle of preventive health care. Administration of the vaccine, which contains the antigen(s) of a pathogen, activates the immune system and provides protection against infection. The immunogenicity and allergenicity of a vaccine may lead to various adverse reactions, depending on the responsiveness and susceptibility of the vaccinated individual. Cutaneous adverse events are among the most common and can manifest as various local or generalized vaccination reactions. Understanding their pathogenesis and clinical manifestations is essential for therapy, for further diagnostic clarification if necessary, and for managing any booster vaccination that may be required. Appropriate dermatological expertise therefore plays a crucial role in managing patients with a history of vaccination reactions.
Changes in marital relationships over the course of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Vanterpool Karen B. , Francis Heather M. , Greer Kirsten M. , Moscovici Zoe , Graham Cynthia A. , Sanders Stephanie A. , Milhausen Robin R. , Yarber William L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to document changes in marital relationships over the course of the COVID‐19 pandemic.BackgroundResearch has suggested both positive and negative effects of the pandemic on marital relationships, but few studies have explored changes in relationship quality at different phases of the pandemic.MethodOnline survey data were collected from married individuals (n = 3,221, mean age 39.5 years, SD = 5.61) living in the United States at three time points during the pandemic: April 2020, December 2020–January 2021, and August–September, 2021. We report the findings on responses to an open‐ended question: “Please explain how your relationship has changed over the course of the coronavirus.” Inductive qualitative content analysis was conducted.ResultsMost participants reported some changes in their relationships; positive changes were more prevalent than negative changes across the three time periods.DiscussionOur findings are consistent with previous literature but also provide new insights into how marriages may have been differentially affected at early versus later stages of the pandemic.ImplicationsClinical implications of the findings are discussed, including specific recommendations for therapists working with couples.
Protein biochemistry and engineering drive the development of a carbonic anhydrase‐based carbon dioxide sequestration strategy
Authors: Pollegioni Loredano , Molla Gianluca 
Published: January 2025

The sequestration of carbon dioxide using carbonic anhydrase (CA) is one of the most effective methods for mitigating global warming. The burning of fossil fuels releases large quantities of flue gas; because of its high temperature and of the alkaline conditions required for CaCO3 precipitation in the mineralization process, thermo‐alkali‐stable CAs are needed. In this context, Manyumwa et al. conducted a biochemical characterization of three CAs derived from thermophilic bacteria. They then employed a rational design approach to enhance the specific activity and stability of the enzyme from the hydrothermal vent species Persephonella sp. KM09‐Lau‐8.
Recovery and Degradation Drive Changes in the Dispersal Capacity of Stream Macroinvertebrate Communities
Authors: Cano‐Barbacil Carlos , Sinclair James S. , Welti Ellen A. R. , Haase Peter 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFreshwater ecosystems face significant threats, including pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, and climate change. To address these challenges, management strategies and restoration efforts have been broadly implemented. Across Europe, such efforts have resulted in overall improvements in freshwater biodiversity, but recovery has stalled or failed to occur in many localities, which may be partly caused by the limited dispersal capacity of many species. Here, we used a comprehensive dataset comprising 1327 time series of freshwater macroinvertebrate communities ranging from 1968 to 2021 across 23 European countries to investigate whether dispersal capacity changes with the ecological quality of riverine systems. Sites experiencing improvements in ecological quality exhibited a net gain in species and tended to have macroinvertebrate communities containing species with stronger dispersal capacity (e.g., active aquatic and aerial dispersers, species with frequent propensity to drift, and insects with larger wings). In contrast, sites experiencing degradation of ecological quality exhibited a net loss of species and a reduction in the proportion of strong dispersers. However, this response varied extensively among countries and local sites, with some improving sites exhibiting no parallel gains in macroinvertebrates with higher dispersal capacity. Dispersal capacity of the local species pool can affect the success of freshwater ecosystem restoration projects. Management strategies should focus on enhancing landscape connectivity to create accessible “source” areas and refugia for sensitive taxa, especially as climate change reshapes habitat suitability. Additionally, biodiversity initiatives must incorporate adaptive decision‐making approaches that account for the site‐specific responses of macroinvertebrate communities to changes in ecological quality.