bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between carotid plaque and plasma Hcy, hs-CRP and RBC in stroke patients at different elevations
Authors: Tian Peifu , Liu Yanqin , Zhang Chang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Relationship between carotid plaque and plasma Hcy, hs-CRP and RBC in stroke patients at different elevations
Abstract：Objective To explore the relationship of carotid plaque with plasma homocysteine (Hcy), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and red blood cell count (RBC) in stroke patients at different elevations. Methods Selecting patients with cerebral infarction at different altitudes as screening subjects, RBC and carotid media thickness (IMT) of two groups of patients were measured.Results The total detection rate was 48.52% (197/403), with a detection rate of 57.14% (116/203) in Group A and 39.9% (81/203) in Group B. The detection rate in Group A was significantly higher than that in Group B (P<0.05). Group A had higher total cholesterol (TC), Hcy, hs-CRP, RBC, and IMT, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower (P<0.05). Groups A and B without plaques and HDL-C had higher Hcy, LDL-C, RBC, and IMT (P<0.05); The levels of Hcy, hs-CRP, and RBC in stable plaques were lower (P<0.05), while the levels of Hcy, hs-CRP, and RBC in vulnerable plaques in Group A were higher than those in Group B (P<0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of carotid plaque was high in stroke patients at high altitude, Hcy, hs-CRP and RBC are all independent risk factors for carotid plaque in stroke patients in high altitude areas.
Evaluate of Acacia nilotica seed, Cloth filtration and Shap stone in improving water quality in rural areas in Sudan
Authors: ElNasri Nazar A.aziz , Musa Shiraz Mohammed , Hassan Madiha Mahmoud , Idris Alkhair Abd Almahmoud 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
Acacia nilotica was found to have algicidal, anti-protozal, antibacterial and antifungal effects. The present study aimed to identify the role of three treatment methods on physical, chemical, microbiological changes occurring in two water samples. The two samples were obtained from two rural villages. The methods used were, addition of Acacia nilotica seed, Shap stone (a tradition substance) and cloth filtration techniques.
Results:
Results showed that Fluoride, Chloride, and Total hardness, of water samples were (0.73 mg/l, 756 mg/l, 292 mg/l; 0.79mg/l, 220, and 224mg/l) respectively for untreated water sample collected from surface source and for other sample collected from ground source were respectively, trace iron was reported for ground water. A high level of Turbidity was record for both untreated water samples (50.3NTU for surface sample and 22.4NTU for ground sample). High microbial results (120 MPN/100ml) of untreated water were recorded. The addition of Acacia nilotica seed to both samples lead to partial reduction of chemical properties of water. Cloth Filtration technique reduce the turbidity level for both samples to 2.6 and 28.2 NTU for water collected from surface and ground source, respectively.
Conclusions:
The three methods have antimicrobial effect, result indicate a high reduction in the microbial contamination reached to 4 and 6 MPN/100 Ml. There was statistical difference (P < 0.05) regard to microbial contamination between the sample from surface source and sample from ground source.
Gender Inequitable Norms and Its Associate Among University Students in Southern Ethiopia: A school-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kelecha Yirgalem Tola , Ayele Amanuel Albene , Goda Habtamu Samuel , Demissie Mesarch Hailu , Toma Temesgen Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Inequitable gender norms characterize women as one who should be submissive while promoting male dominance and toughness. For a society to achieve gender equality, ensuring equitable gender norms is a basis. Little is known about inequitable norms and their association in our context.
Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Arba Minch and Jinka University students, in Ethiopia from October 25 to November 10, 2022. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 615 students. Gender Equitable Men Scale tool was used to assess gender norm attitudes. Data were checked and entered into Epi-Data Version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors with gender inequitable norms. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 in bivariable logistic regression were candidates for multivariable logistic regression. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify factors associated with gender inequitable norms. A Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic was used to check model fitness and was satisfied. Statistical significance were taken at p-value.
Result
The mean score for favorable inequitable gender norm attitude was 61.38 (SD 8.36), and 44.1% (95% CI: 40.1%, 48.1%) of study participants had favorable inequitable gender norm attitude. Being male (AOR = 1.75, 95%CI: 1.19, 2.56), the break-up of a romantic relationship (AOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.99), and poor gender equality attitude (AOR = 3,14, 95% CI: 2.15, 4.58) were factors responsible for with favorable inequitable gender norm attitude.
Conclusions
Significant proportion of participants endorsed a favorable attitude toward gender inequitable norms. Being male, having romantic relationship breakup, and poor gender equality attitudes were associated with favorable attitudes toward gender inequitable norms. Hence, the finding highlights the need to work rigorously by addressing identified factors from all concerned bodies for enhancing equitable gender norms among University students.
Safety and feasibility of intravenous administration of a single dose of allogenic-Muse cells to treat human cervical traumatic spinal cord injury: a clinical trial
Authors: Koda Masao , Imagama Shiro , Nakashima Hiroaki , Ito Sadayuki , Segi Naoki , Ouchida Jun , Suda Kota , Matsumoto Satoko Harmon , Komatsu Miki , Endo Toshiki , Suzuki Shinsuke , Inami Satoshi , Ueda Haruki , Miyagi Masayuki , Inoue Gen , Takaso Masashi , Nagata Keiji , Yamada Hiroshi , Kamei Naosuke , Nakame Toshio , Suzuki Hidenori , Nishida Norihiro , Funaba Masahiro , Kumagai Gentaro , Furuya Takeo , Yamato Yu , Funayama Toru , Takahashi Hiroshi , Yamazaki Masashi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating injury and remains one of the largest medical and social burdens because of its intractable nature. According to the recent advances in stem cell biology, the possibility of spinal cord regeneration and functional restoration has been suggested by introducing appropriate stem cells. Multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells are a type of nontumorigenic endogenous reparative stem cell. The positive results of Muse cell transplantation for SCI was shown previously.　As a first step for clinical application in human SCI, we conducted a clinical trial aiming to confirm the safety and feasibility of intravenously injected donor-Muse cells.
Methods
The study design of the current trial was a prospective, multicenter, nonrandomized, nonblinded, single-arm study. The clinical trial registration number was JRCT1080224764. Patients with a cervical SCI with a neurological level of injury C4 to C7 with the severity of modified Frankel classification B1 and B2 were included. A primary endpoint was set for safety and feasibility. Our protocol was approved by the PMDA, and the trial was funded by the Life Science Institute, Tokyo, Japan. The present clinical trial recruited 10 participants (8 males and 2 females) with an average age of 49.3 ± 21.2 years old. All 10 participants received a single dose of allogenic CL2020 (a total of 15 × 106 cells, 2.1–2.7 × 105 cells/kg of body weight), which is a Muse cell-based product produced from human mesenchymal stem cells, by an intravenous drip.
Results
There were two reported severe adverse events, both of which were determined to have no causal relationship with Muse cell treatment. The change in the ISNCSCI motor score, the activity of daily living and quality of life scores showed statistically significant improvements compared to those data at the time of CL2020 administration.
Conclusion
In the present trial, no safety concerns were identified, and Muse cell product transplantation demonstrated good tolerability. Future clinical trials with appropriate study designs incorporating a control arm will clarify the definitive efficacy of single-dose allogenic Muse cell treatment with intravenous administration to treat SCI.
Trial registration: jRCT, JRCT1080224764. Registered 03 July 2019, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCT1080224764
Mechanistic Understanding of Speciated Oxide Growth in High Entropy Alloys
Authors: Gwalani Bharat , Martin Andrew , Kautz Elizabeth , LAMBEETS Sten , Olszta Matthew , Battu Anil , Malakar Aniruddha , Yang Feipeng , Guo Jinghua , Thevuthasan Suntharampillai , Thuo Martin , Devaraj Arun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Complex multi-element alloys are gaining prominence for structural applications, supplementing steels, and superalloys. Understanding the impact of each element on alloy surfaces due to oxidation is vital in maintaining material integrity. This study investigates oxidation mechanisms in these alloys using a model five-element equiatomic CoCrFeNiMn alloy, in a controlled oxygen environment. The oxidation-induced surface changes correlate with each element's interactive tendencies with the environment, guided by thermodynamics. Initial oxidation stages follow atomic size and redox potential, with the latter becoming dominant over time, causing composition inversion. The study employs in-situ atom probe tomography, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray absorption near-edge structure techniques to elucidate the oxidation process and surface oxide structure evolution. Our findings deconvolute the mechanism for compositional and structural changes in the oxide film and will pave the way for a predictive design of complex alloys with improved resistance to oxidation under extreme conditions.
Enhancing Ophthalmic Triage: Identification of new clinical features to support healthcare professionals in triage
Authors: Jindal Anish , Brandao-de-Resende Camilo , Neo Yan Ning , Melo Mariane , Day Alex 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: To investigate which features from a patient's history are either high or low risk concerning ocular emergencies, which could be seamlessly integrated into the training of healthcare professionals in order to facilitate efficient ophthalmic triage.
Methods
Prospective, 12,584 visits from 11,733 adult patients attending an Accident and Emergency department at a single tertiary centre were analysed. Data was collected by ophthalmic nurses working in triage between August 2021 and April 2022 using an online form. Multivariate analysis (MVA) was conducted to identify which features from the patients’ history would be associated with urgent care.
Results
There were 5731 (45.5%) patients were appropriate for same day eye emergency examination (SDEE), 1416 (11.3%) urgent care and 5437 (43.2%) elective (GP/optometrist). The MVA top ten features that were statistically significant (p<0.05) that would warrant SDEE with odds ratio (95% CI) were: bilateral eye injury 36.5 [15.6-85.5], unilateral eye injury 25.8 [20.9-31.7], vision loss 4.8 [2.9-7.8], post-operative ophthalmic (<4 weeks) 4.6 [3.8-5.7], contact lens wearer 3.9 [3.3-4.7], history of uveitis 3.9 [3.3-4.7], photophobia 2.9 [2.4- 3.6], unilateral dark shadow/curtain in vision 2.4 [1.8-3.0], unilateral injected red eye 2.0 [1.8-2.2] and rapid change in visual acuity 1.8 [1.5-2.2].
Conclusion
This comprehensive study covered almost 100 ophthalmic acute presentations and identified features that can be readily incorporated into triage and healthcare professional training, which could facilitate appropriate pathway selection for patients. Further research is required to evaluate the real-world impact application of these findings on patient attendance in both primary and secondary care.res from a patient's history are either high or low risk concerning ocular emergencies, which could be seamlessly integrated into the training of healthcare professionals in order to facilitate efficient ophthalmic triage.
Evaluation of the Effect of Ozonated Water in Treatment of Denture Stomatitis associated with Removable Prosthetics
Authors: Mostafa Basma , Elboraey Asmaa Nabil , El-Masry Hossam M. , Dehis Wessam M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Ozone therapy is highly demarcated in the dental field owing to its efficient antimicrobial action in its gaseous and aqueous forms. One of the utmost common difficulties accompanied by utilizing dentures is denture stomatitis (DS) which is principally triggered by Candida albicans (C. albicans).
Objectives: Assessing and comparing the impact of ozonated water versus chlorhexidine mouthwash on healing of intraoral inflammations associated with complete dentures.
Subjects and Methods: Fifty middle-aged male completely edentulous patients wearing complete dentures were screened for the possibility of having any accompanied DS and/or C. albicans. Patients were randomly distributed into two groups. Group I patients were treated with chlorhexidine mouthwash and oral hygiene measures (OHM), while Group II patients received ozonated water as a mouthwash and OHM. Evaluation of inflammation, pain grade, and oral Candidiasis count took place for all patients in all visits; from the initial day of treatment and after 7, 14, and 30 days.
Results: The inflammation’s area and severity together with pain grade showed a significant decrease with time when using both chlorhexidine mouthwash and ozonated water. Comparing the use of chlorhexidine mouthwash and ozonated water together showed insignificant differences. Regarding the Candida forming units (CFU) there was a significant decrease in the colonies number over time, but with insignificant difference between the two groups.
Conclusions: Ozonated water showed favorable results in reducing the area and severity of inflammation and pain grade. Ozonated water has an antifungal effect and can be used as an alternative mouth rinse in treating denture stomatitis.
A Novel Blasting Fuse of Indian Ocean Dipole: Tropical Cyclone over the Bay of Bengal
Authors: LI ZHI , Zeng Lili , Fang Yue , Xu Zecheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is a significant interannual variability in the Indian Ocean (IO), with global impacts on climate, agriculture, and ecosystems. Previous studies mainly link the IOD to ENSO and the anomalous Asian summer monsoon. This research investigates the potential connection between April tropical cyclones (TCs) over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) and IOD occurrences through statistical analysis, suggesting that TCs may act as a potential blasting fuse of IOD. TCs induce a negative sea surface temperature anomaly in the southern BoB, which stimulates anticyclonic Rossby wave cells on both sides of the equator and promotes northeastern wind anomalies in the central IO (CIO) located south of the equator. These wind anomalies transport warm water, resulting in an upper-ocean temperature difference between the equatorial CIO and southeastern IO. This temperature difference creates the necessary conditions for the Bjerknes feedback, facilitating the initiation and development of IOD events.
Neuronal autosis is Na+/K+-ATPase alpha 3-dependent and involved in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death
Authors: Puyal Julien , Depierre Pauline , Ginet Vanessa , Truttmann Anita C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Macroautophagy (hereafter called autophagy) is an essential physiological process of degradation of organelles and long-lived proteins. The discovery of autosis, a Na+/K+-ATPase (ATP1)-dependent type of autophagic cell death with specific morphological and biochemical features, has strongly contributed to the acceptance of a pro-death role of autophagy. However, the occurrence and relevance of autosis in neurons has never been clearly investigated, whereas we previously provided evidence that autophagy mechanisms could be involved in neuronal death in different in vitro and in vivo rodent models of hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and that morphological features of autosis were observed in dying neurons following rat perinatal cerebral HI. In the present study, we demonstrated that neuronal autosis could occur in primary cortical neurons using two different stimulations enhancing autophagy flux and neuronal death: a neurotoxic dose of Tat-BECN1 (an autophagy-inducing peptide) and a hypoxic/excitotoxic stimulus (mimicking neuronal death induced by cerebral HI). Both stimulations induce autophagic neuronal death (dependent on canonical autophagic genes and independent on apoptotic, necroptotic or ferroptotic pathways) with all morphological and biochemical (ATP1a-dependent) features of autosis. However, we demonstrated that autosis is not dependent on the ubiquitous subunit ATP1a1 in neurons, as in dividing cell types, but on the neuronal specific ATP1a3 subunit. We also provided evidence that, in different in vitro and in vivo models where autosis is induced, ATP1a3-BECN1 interaction is increased and prevented by cardiac glycosides treatment. Interestingly, an increase in ATP1a3-BECN1 interaction is also detected in dying neurons in the autoptic brains of human newborns with severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Altogether, these results suggest that ATP1a3-BECN1-dependent autosis could play an important role in neuronal death in HI conditions, paving the way for the development of new neuroprotective strategies in hypoxic-ischemic conditions including in severe case of human HIE.
Psychiatrists’ perceptions of conditions and consequences associated with the implementation of open notes: qualitative investigation
Authors: Schwarz Julian , Hoetger Cosima , Pluschke Lena-Sophie , Muehlensiepen Felix , Schneider Michael , Thoma Samuel , Esch Tobias 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective: In a growing list of countries, patients are granted access to their clinical notes (“open notes”) as part of their online record access. Especially in the field of mental health, open notes remain controversial with some clinicians perceiving open notes as a tool for improving therapeutic outcomes by increasing patient involvement, while others fear that patients might experience psychological distress and perceived stigmatization, particularly when reading clinicians’ notes. More research is needed to optimize the benefits and mitigate the risks.
Methods: Using a qualitative research design, we conducted semi-structured interviews with psychiatrists practicing in Germany, to explore what conditions they believe need to be in place to ensure successful implementation of open notes in psychiatric practice as well as expected subsequent changes to their workload and treatment outcomes. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: We interviewed 18 psychiatrists; interviewees believed four key conditions needed to be in place prior to implementation of open notes including careful consideration of 1) diagnoses and symptom severity, 2) the availability of additional time for writing clinical notes and discussing them with patients, 3) available resources and system compatibility, and 4) legal and data protection aspects. As a result of introducing open notes, interviewees expected changes in documentation, treatment processes, and doctor-physician interaction. While open notes were expected to improve transparency and trust, participants anticipated negative unintended consequences including the risk of deteriorating therapeutic relationships due to note access-related misunderstandings and conflicts.
Conclusion: Psychiatrists practiced in Germany where open notes have not yet been established as part of the healthcare data infrastructure. Interviewees were supportive of open notes but had some reservations. They found open notes to be generally beneficial but anticipated effects to vary depending on patient characteristics. Clear guidelines for managing access, time constraints, usability, and privacy are crucial. Open notes were perceived to increase transparency and patient involvement but were also believed to raise issues of stigmatization and conflicts.
Waist-to-Height Ratio Is a Better Screening Index for Metabolic Syndrome among Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Men and Women in Beijing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Xuebing , Li Xiaoran , Wang Bing , Wang Ge , Li Jiayue , Mu Yiming , Wang Shidong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:It is well known that obesity can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The predictive efficacy of various anthropometric indices related to obesity (ObAIs) in predicting Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) exhibits variability based on factors such as gender, age, ethnicity, and geographical location. As a result, the research endeavors to examine the efficacy of four distinct ObAIs in recognizing MetS. It seeks to ascertain the optimal index for screening MetS among middle-aged and elderly individuals residing in Beijing, China, considering both men and women.Methods:In Shijingshan district, Beijing, China, a cross-sectional investigation was carried out spanning from November 2011 to August 2012. The study encompassed 19,145 participants aged 40 years or older. Information pertaining to demographics, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) history, hypertension, and dyslipidemia was systematically gathered. Parameters such as body height, body weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, and blood pressure were meticulously documented. Both the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or a standardized meal test, along with a blood lipid analysis, were diligently administered. The abilities of ObAIs to predict MetS were assessed by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).Results:The areas under ROC curve (AUC) of BMI, WC, WHtR and WHR for the identification of at least one MetS component were 0.709 (95%CI:0.691–0.727), 0.701(95%CI:0.682–0.720), 0.712(95% CI:0.693–0.731), 0.687 (95% CI: 0.667–0.706) in men and 0.681 (95% CI: 0.670–0.692), 0.702 (95% CI: 0.692–0.713), 0.713 (95% CI: 0.702–0.724), 0.691 (95% CI: 0.680–0.702), respectively, in women. The optimal cut-off points of BMI, WC, WHtR and WHR for the identification of at least one MetS component were 24.95kg/m2, 84.55cm, 0.510, 0.905 in men and 24.60kg/m2, 79.90cm, 0.508, 0.857 in women respectively.Conclusion:WHtR has been found to perform better as a predictor of MetS in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women.