bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Workshops Kreative Unterrichtspraxis
Authors: Ackermann Heike 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIm „Projektbüro Kulturelle Bildung“ entstanden erste Fortbildungsformate für KulturSchule in einer Phase der Dezentralisierung der Lehrkräftefortbildung Orientiert am jeweiligen Entwicklungsstand des KulturSchul-Projekts sind erprobte und neue Konzepte integriert und am Qualifizierungsbedarf der KulturSchulen ausgerichtet worden. In den Kap. 4–7 werden auf der Basis von Programmbeschreibungen und Interviews vier Fortbildungsformate für die Lehrkräfte- und Schulleitungsqualifizierung rekonstruiert. In der Resonanz, die die Teilnehmer artikulieren, wird deutlich, wie die didaktischen Zielsetzungen ankommen und bewertet werden. Eine teilnehmende Beobachtung der Fachforen als jüngstes und zeitlich längstes Fortbildungsformat ermöglicht eine vertiefende Beschreibung und Analyse dieses neuartigen Workshops, in dem dem pädagogischen Personal an KulturSchulen ästhetische Erfahrung zugänglich gemacht werden. Den Erfahrungshintergrund für die Konzeption der Fachforen bilden die Workshops Kreative Unterrichtspraxis.
SLT-Reihe für Schulleitungen und KulturSchul-Teams
Authors: Ackermann Heike 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungUm schulische „Qualitätsentwicklung“ zu initiieren, entstand in Kooperation mit der Lehrkräfteakademie und dem „Projektbüro Kulturelle Bildung“ die »SLT-Reihe für Schulleitungsteams an KulturSchulen. Auf der Basis von Programmbeschreibungen in Form von Protokollen einer durchgeführten Pilot-Seminarreihe und Interviews mit ehemaligen Teilnehmern wurde dieser Ansatz einer Schulleitungsteamqualifizierung rekonstruiert. Es wird deutlich, welche Bedeutung der kommunikativen Durcharbeitung des KulturSchul-Programms zukommt und die Reflexion von Organisationsstrukturen und Einigung der Lehrkräfte auf das Ziel der kulturellen Schulentwicklung hat.
Passung und Funktionalität der Fortbildungsformate zur Förderung Kultureller Bildung in KulturSchulen
Authors: Ackermann Heike 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel nimmt eine evaluative Zwischenauswertung hinsichtlich der Passung und Funktionalität der Fortbildungsformate vor. In konstruktiver Absicht werden mögliche Ansatzpunkte für eine, das KulturSchul-Programm stützende Weiterarbeit mit diesen Formaten aufgezeigt.
Physical Mutagenesis of Arabica Coffee Seeds and Seedlings
Authors: Ghanim Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali , Bado Souleymane , Dada Keji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCoffee, a perennial tropical crop, can be grown from seed or from cloned plants in the form of cuttings, grafts or tissue cultured plants. Arabica coffee is most commonly grown from seeds while Canephora is mostly grown vegetatively from cuttings and other propagules. Improving Arabica coffee through conventional breeding is seriously limited by the lack of genetic variation within the cultivated and wild species. Mutation breeding provides great potential to induce the novel genetic variation needed for Arabica coffee improvement. Here we present protocols for mutation induction of coffee seed and seedlings using the FAO/IAEA in-house gamma (60Cobalt) and X-ray (RS2400 irradiator) sources. Methods for mutation induction using gamma- and X-ray mutagenesis techniques are described. Methods for the preparation, seed quality control and post-radiation treatment of materials are also provided along with example data for radio-sensitivity testing of Coffea arabica seed under laboratory conditions.
Chemical Mutagenesis of Mature Seed of Coffea arabica L. var. Venecia Using EMS
Authors: Jankowicz-Cieslak Joanna , Goessnitzer Florian , Nielen Stephan , Ingelbrecht Ivan L. W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChemical mutagens are a major tool to generate novel genetic variation in crops, functional genomics and breeding. They are advantageous because they do not require any specialized equipment and can induce a high mutation frequency. Compared to physical methods, chemical mutagens cause point mutations rather than deletions or translocations. Point mutations can have varying effects on gene expression ranging from knockouts to changes in amino acids that may have subtle effects on protein function. Many important gene functions have been uncovered by evaluating the in vivo effect of mutated genes in a broad range of model and crop plants. Chemical mutagens have been successfully applied to induce tolerance to fungal diseases in cereals such as barley and wheat. Among the chemical mutagens used for plant mutagenesis, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is the most widely applied. This protocol chapter describes the utilization of EMS for establishing kill curves and generating a mutagenized population of Coffea arabica var. Venecia via treatment of mature seed. The different steps of the mutagenesis process are described, including quality control and preparation of the seed batches, procedures for determining Lethal Dose (LD) and Growth Reduction (GR) values, and for post-treatment handling of the chemically mutagenized seed, specific for Arabica coffee.
Chemical Mutagenesis of Coffee Seeds (Coffea arabica L. var. Catuaí) Using NaN3
Authors: Gatica-Arias Andrés , Vargas-Segura César 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCoffee (Coffea arabica L.) is one of the most important crops in the world and one of the main export products in several developing countries. Coffee is a perennial crop threatened by multiple, serious diseases and pests. Induced mutagenesis of seeds is widely used for increasing the genetic diversity and improvement of annual seed crops and could equally be applied to Arabica coffee breeding and genetic studies. Here we describe protocols to induce genetic variability in Arabica coffee seeds through mutagenesis using sodium azide (NaN3). Methods for NaN3 chemical toxicity testing and bulk irradiation are described. Briefly, the coffee seeds were immersed for 4, 8 and 12 hours in a NaN3 solution at different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100mM). Two controls were used: one with distilled water and the other with the phosphate buffer (KH2PO4). Effects of the chemical mutagen on seed germination, seedling height, and root length were evaluated. As the concentration of applied NaN3 increased, the germination, seedling height, and root length decreased. Eight hours
exposure was determined as an adequate immersion time. The LD50 values for NaN3 were between 50–75 mM. Our results indicate that NaN3 is an effective mutagen for Arabica coffee seeds and can be applied to coffee breeding and to study gene function in coffee.
A PCR-Based Assay for Early Diagnosis of the Coffee Leaf Rust Pathogen Hemileia vastatrix
Authors: Wu Weihuai , Li Le , Yi Kexian , He Chunping , Liang Yanqiong , Huang Xing , Lu Ying , Tan Shibei , Zheng Jinlong , Li Rui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEarly detection and identification of plant pathogens is one of the most important strategies for sustainable plant disease management. Fast, sensitive, and accurate methods that are cost-effective are crucial for plant disease control decision-making processes. Coffee leaf rust (CLR) caused by Hemileia vastatrix is a devastating worldwide fungal disease which causes serious yield losses of coffee, especially relevant for Coffea arabica. A rapid PCR assay for detecting and characterizing H. vastatrix with high specificity, high sensitivity and simple operation has been developed based on specific amplification of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal genes. The specificity of the primers was determined using isolates DNA of H. vastatrix, Coleosporium plumeriae, and other fungal species that infect coffee plants and are common in coffee leaves, such as Lecanicillium sp (the H. vastatrix hyperparasite fungi), Cercospora coffeicola, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, amongst others. Results showed specific amplification of a 396-bp band from H. vastatrix DNA with a detection limit of 10 pg/μl of pure genomic DNA of the pathogen. The PCR assay described in the current chapter allows to detect H. vastatrix rapidly and reliably in naturally infected coffee tissues, vital for the early detection and diagnostics of H. vastatrix and CLR epidemiology.
Chemical Mutagenesis of Zygotic Embryos of Coffea arabica L. var. Catuaí Using EMS and NaN3
Authors: Gatica-Arias Andrés , Rodríguez-Matamoros Jorge 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe genetic improvement of C. arabica L. is challenged by its low genetic diversity and autogamous reproductive biology. Induced mutagenesis offers an alternative approach to conventional cross-breeding to increase genetic variability in wild and cultivated Arabica coffee germplasm for further use in breeding programs and genetic studies. Here protocols are described for the preparation of zygotic embryos from C. arabica seed and for toxicity testing of zygotic embryos using two chemical mutagens, sodium azide (NaN3) and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). Zygotic embryos were immersed for 10 min in a solution of NaN3 (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0 and 20. 0 mM) and for 2 h in a solution of EMS (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4 and 6 % v/v). The percentage survival was evaluated and the LD values for NaN3 and EMS were determined at 12.5 mM (51.6%) and 1 % v/v (48.3%), respectively. Our protocols indicate that coffee zygotic embryos are suitable propagules for NaN3 and EMS mutagenesis and expand the types of propagules suitable for induced mutagenesis, breeding and genetic studies in Arabica coffee.
Women Fighting Gender Stereotypes in a Gender Egalitarian Culture
Authors: Corneliussen Hilde G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite the increased importance of technology, at current rates it will still take hundreds of years to achieve gender equality in technology across western countries, even in the Nordic countries, which are recognized as some of the most gender-egalitarian nations in the world. Challenging this situation requires knowledge about how women in fact come to participate in fields of information technology (IT), which is the topic of this book. This chapter presents the framework for the book, including the overview of the theoretical and methodological perspectives, the empirical material from a series of studies in Norway, and some of the relevant debates that the book engages in. The research presented here is rooted in a tradition of feminist technology studies and inspired by feminist studies of contexts where women face gender barriers and challenges in identifying their belonging.
Dark baryon from pure Yang-Mills theory and its GW signature from cosmic strings
Authors: Yamada Masaki , Yonekura Kazuya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We point out that SO(2N) pure Yang-Mills theory provides a candidate for dark matter (DM) without the explicit need to impose any additional symmetry. The DM candidate is a particular type of glueball, which we refer to as a baryonic glueball, that is naturally stable and produced by a novel production mechanism for a moderately large N. In this case, the intercommutation probability of cosmic strings (or macroscopic color flux tubes) is quite low, which offers characteristic gravitational wave signals to test our model. In particular, our model can simultaneously account for both abundance of DM and the recently reported gravitational wave signals detected in pulsar timing array experiments, including NANOGrav.
Exceptionally simple integrated correlators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Dorigoni Daniele , Vallarino Paolo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Supersymmetric localisation has led to several modern developments in the study of integrated correlators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory. In particular, exact results have been derived for certain integrated four-point functions of superconformal primary operators in the stress tensor multiplet which are valid for all classical gauge groups, SU(N), SO(N), and USp(2N), and for all values of the complex coupling, τ = θ/(2π) + 4πi/$$ {g}_{YM}^2 $$

g
YM
2

. In this work we extend this analysis and provide a unified two-dimensional lattice sum representation valid for all simple gauge groups, in particular for the exceptional series Er (with r = 6, 7, 8), F4 and G2. These expressions are manifestly covariant under Goddard-Nuyts-Olive duality which for the cases of F4 and G2 is given by particular Fuchsian groups. We show that the perturbation expansion of these integrated correlators is universal in the sense that it can be written as a single function of three parameters, called Vogel parameters, and a suitable ’t Hooft-like coupling. To obtain the perturbative expansion for the integrated correlator with a given gauge group we simply need substituting in this single universal expression specific values for the Vogel parameters. At the non-perturbative level we conjecture a formula for the one-instanton Nekrasov partition function valid for all simple gauge groups and for general Ω-deformation background. We check that our expression reduces in various limits to known results and that it produces, via supersymmetric localisation, the same one-instanton contribution to the integrated correlator as the one derived from the lattice sum representation. Finally, we consider the action of the hyperbolic Laplace operator with respect to τ on the integrated correlators with exceptional gauge groups and derive inhomogeneous Laplace equations very similar to the ones previously obtained for classical gauge groups.
Metabolic cost and mechanical work of walking in a virtual reality emulator
Authors: Luciano Francesco , Minetti Alberto E. , Pavei Gaspare 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the metabolic cost (C), mechanical work, and kinematics of walking on a multidirectional treadmill designed for locomotion in virtual reality.

Methods
Ten participants (5 females, body mass 67.2 ± 8.1 kg, height 1.71 ± 0.07 m, age 23.6 ± 1.9 years, mean ± SD) walked on a Virtuix Omni multidirectional treadmill at four imposed stride frequencies: 0.70, 0.85, 1.00, and 1.15 Hz. A portable metabolic system measured oxygen uptake, enabling calculation of C and the metabolic equivalent of task (MET). Gait kinematics and external, internal, and total mechanical work (WTOT) were calculated by an optoelectronic system. Efficiency was calculated either as WTOT/C or by summing WTOT to the work against sliding frictions. Results were compared with normal walking, running, and skipping.

Results
C was higher for walking on the multidirectional treadmill than for normal walking, running, and skipping, and decreased with speed (best-fit equation: C = 20.2–27.5·speed + 15.8·speed2); the average MET was 4.6 ± 1.4. Mechanical work was higher at lower speeds, but similar to that of normal walking at higher speeds, with lower pendular energy recovery and efficiency; differences in efficiency were explained by the additional work against sliding frictions. At paired speeds, participants showed a more forward-leaned trunk and higher ankle dorsiflexion, stride frequency, and duty factor than normal walking.

Conclusion
Walking on a multidirectional treadmill requires a higher metabolic cost and different mechanical work and kinematics than normal walking. This raises questions on its use for gait rehabilitation but highlights its potential for high-intensity exercise and physical activity promotion.
Recovery kinetics following sprint training: resisted versus unresisted sprints
Authors: Liakou Christina A. , Fatouros Ioannis G. , Poulios Athanasios , Tsatalas Themistoklis , Karampina Evangeli , Karanika Panagiota , Kaloudi Despoina , Rosvoglou Anastasia , Tsimeas Panagiotis , Kamperi Anna , Syrou Niki , Gatsas Athanasios , Papanikolaou Konstantinos , Draganidis Dimitrios , Tsaklis Panagiotis , Giakas Giannis , Jamurtas Athanasios Z. , Deli Chariklia K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the recovery kinetics of performance and exercise-induced muscle damage following different sprint-training protocols.

Methods
In a crossover design, ten male and female athletes (20.6 ± 2.4 years) performed 2 × (3 × 20 m: 2 min rest) and 1× (3 × 30 m: 3 min rest) of: (a) unresisted sprints (UST), (b) resisted sprints with 10% of body mass (BM) load (RST10), (c) resisted sprints with 20% BM load (RST20), against a control trial (no-training).

Results
Blood lactate (mmol/L) increased post-training versus pre-training in all sprint-training trials (6.7 ± 2.4 vs 1.2 ± 0.2, 5.6 ± 2.4 vs 1.3 ± 0.3, 7.3 ± 2.7 vs 1.2 ± 0.3, in UST, RST10, RST20, respectively), as did creatine kinase (U/L) 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post-training (UST: 251 ± 173, 238 ± 154, 209 ± 115 vs 155 ± 9, RST10: 252 ± 134, 240 ± 83, 218 ± 103 vs 164 ± 106; RST20: 237 ± 133, 323 ± 303, 262 ± 184 vs 179 ± 106, respectively). DOMS of knee-extensors (KE) and knee-flexors (KF) increased post-training up to 72 h in all sprint-training trials versus pre-training (ranging from 1.6 ± 1.3 to 3.8 ± 2.8 vs 1.0 ± 0, respectively). Eccentric torque (N m) of the KE of the non-dominant limb, decreased 24 h post-training versus pre-training in all sprint-training trials (UST: 249 ± 49 vs 266 ± 54; RST10: 229 ± 52 vs 273 ± 72; RST20: 253 ± 6 vs 262 ± 56), as did that of the KF of the dominant limb (UST: 135 ± 29 vs 144 ± 26; RST10: 130 ± 29 vs 140 ± 25; RST20: 139 ± 33 vs 142 ± 26). 10-m sprint-time (s) increased 48 h post-training versus pre-training (1.81 ± 0.15 vs 1.77 ± 0.11), and 30-m sprint-time increased 24 h, 48 h, 72 h post-training versus pre-training (4.35 ± 0.36, 4.40 ± 0.44, 4.33 ± 0.41 vs 4.21 ± 0.34, respectively), only in RST20.

Conclusions
Unresisted and resisted sprint-training induces prolonged reduction of muscle strength (24 h), and sprinting performance (72 h), associated with prolonged increase of DOMS and CK (72 h).
Nanozymes based on octahedral platinum nanocrystals with {111} surface facets: glucose oxidase mimicking activity in electrochemical sensors
Authors: Mazzotta Elisabetta , Di Giulio Tiziano , Mastronardi Valentina , Brescia Rosaria , Pompa Pier Paolo , Moglianetti Mauro , Malitesta Cosimino 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe ability of shape-controlled octahedral Pt nanoparticles to act as nanozyme mimicking glucose oxidase enzyme is reported. Extended {111} particle surface facets coupled with a size comparable to natural enzymes and easy-to-remove citrate coating give high affinity for glucose, comparable to the enzyme as proven by the steady-state kinetics of glucose electrooxidation. The easy and thorough removal of the citrate coating, demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, allows a highly stable deposition of the nanozymes on the electrode. The glucose electrochemical detection (at −0.2 V vs SCE) shows a linear response between 0.36 and 17 mM with a limit of detection of 110 μM. A good reproducibility has been achieved, with an average relative standard deviation (RSD) value of 9.1% (n = 3). Similarly, a low intra-sensor variability has been observed, with a RSD of 6.6% (n = 3). Moreover, the sensor shows a long-term stability with reproducible performances for at least 2 months (RSD: 7.8%). Tests in saliva samples show the applicability of Pt nanozymes to commercial systems for non-invasive monitoring of hyperglycemia in saliva, with recoveries ranging from 92 to 98%.
Graphical Abstract
Biological properties of experimental dental alginate modified for self-disinfection using green nanotechnology
Authors: Singer Lamia , Karacic Sabina , Szekat Christiane , Bierbaum Gabriele , Bourauel Christoph 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Disinfection of alginate impression materials is a mandatory step to prevent cross-infection in dental clinics. However, alginate disinfection methods are time-consuming and exert a negative impact on accuracy and mechanical properties. Thus, this study aimed to prepare disinfecting agents (CHX and AgNO3) and silver nanoparticles reduced by a natural plant extract to produce a self-disinfecting dental alginate.

Methods
Conventional alginate impression material was used in this study. Silver nitrate (0.2% AgNO3 group) and chlorohexidine (0.2% CHX group) solutions were prepared using distilled water, and these solutions were later employed for alginate preparation. Moreover, a 90% aqueous plant extract was prepared from Boswellia sacra (BS) oleoresin and used to reduce silver nitrate to form silver nanoparticles that were incorporated in the dental alginate preparation (BS+AgNPs group). The plant extract was characterized by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis while green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized by UV-visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An agar disc diffusion assay was used to test the antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strains, and Micrococcus luteus. Agar plates were incubated at 37 ± 1 °C for 24 h to allow microbial growth. Diameters of the circular inhibition zones formed around each specimen were measured digitally by using ImageJ software.

Results
Chemical analysis of the plant extract revealed the presence of 41 volatile and semi-volatile active compounds. UV–Vis spectrophotometry, SEM, and EDX confirmed the formation of spherical silver nanoparticles using the BS extract. CHX, AgNO3, and the BS+AgNPs modified groups showed significantly larger inhibition zones than the control group against all tested strains. BS+AgNPs and CHX groups showed comparable efficacy against all tested strains except for Staphylococcus aureus, where the CHX-modified alginate had a significantly higher effect.

Conclusions and clinical relevance
CHX, silver nitrate, and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles could be promising inexpensive potential candidates for the preparation of a self-disinfecting alginate impression material without affecting its performance. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using Boswellia sacra extract could be a very safe, efficient, and nontoxic way with the additional advantage of a synergistic action between metal ions and the phytotherapeutic agents of the plant extract.
Dual laser-assisted hatching: an effective technique to salvage low-grade cleavage-stage embryos and harvest day 7 blastocysts
Authors: Xu Weihai , Yu Yiqi , Li Shishi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo investigate whether repeating laser-assisted hatching (LAH) procedure on day 6 low-grade cleavage-stage embryos (LGCEs) helps blastulation. A total of 579 cycles with LGCEs from 2019 to 2022 was retrospectively reviewed. In 323 cycles, single LAH producing small holes (10 μm) was performed on LGCEs on day 4 (D4-LAH). In 256 cycles with persistent LGCEs despite D4-LAH, a repeat LAH procedure was performed on day 6 (Dual-LAH) with a bigger hole (30 μm). We compared day 7 blastocyst formation rate, usable blastocyst rate, and good grade blastocyst rate from these day 6 LGCEs between the two groups. Compared to the D4-LAH group, the Dual-LAH group had both higher day 7 blastocyst formation rate (9.4% vs. 3.0%, p < 0.001) and higher day 7 usable blastocyst rates (7.4% vs. 2.1%, p < 0.001). For persistent LGCEs despite single LAH, performing a repeat LAH on day 6 increased day 7 blastocyst formation rate.