bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of musical feedback training on metacognition and self-directed learning
Authors: Li Wen , Manoharan Pravina , Cui Xuerong , Liu Fen , Liu Ke , Dai Lu 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionMetacognition and self-directed learning are key components in educational research, recognized for their potential to enhance learning efficiency and problem-solving skills. This study explores the effects of musical feedback training on these competencies.MethodsThe study involved 84 preservice teachers aged 18 to 21. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group, which received musical feedback training, or a control group.ResultsThe findings indicate that musical feedback training effectively improved metacognitive abilities. However, its impact on the readiness for self-directed learning was inconclusive. A notable difference in metacognition and self-directed learning readiness was observed between the experimental and control groups during the session, indicating a significant interaction effect. Furthermore, a positive correlation was identified between metacognition and self-directed learning.DiscussionThese results contribute to educational discourse by providing empirical evidence on the utility of musical feedback training in fostering metacognition. They also highlight the importance of consistent and long-term engagement in self-directed learning practices. The significance of these findings advocates for incorporating music feedback training into music education curricula to enhance metacognition and improve overall learning efficiency.
Sex differences in erythrocyte fatty acid composition of first-diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorders
Authors: Wang Lu , Liu Ting , Guo Jimin , Zhao Tingyu , Tang Hui , Dong Fang , Wang Chuanyue , Chen Jindong , Tang Mimi 
Published: December 2023

Background: Since depression, sex hormones, and fatty acid status are interrelated, it is important to understand their relationships. In this study, we aimed to investigate sex differences in erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition among first-diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorders.Methods: The study included 139 individuals with first-diagnosed, drug-naïve depression (male/female = 48/91) and 55 healthy controls (male/female = 24/31). The levels of erythrocyte membrane fatty acids were analyzed to compare the difference between males and females in both patients with depression and healthy controls, as well as to study their correlation with depressive symptoms.Results: In first-diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorders, sex disparities were observed in the levels of erythrocyte saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and n-6 PUFAs (such as C18:0, C20:4n6 and C22:4n6), where higher levels evident in females compared to in males. We found a noteworthy correlation between fatty acid levels and depressive symptoms, in which there is a significant association between female patients and depression but a weaker association between male patients and depression.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate higher levels of n-6 PUFAs and SFAs in female patients with depression. The relationship between fatty acid composition and depressive symptoms was more prominent in females than males. These findings highlight the significance of considering sex as a crucial and interconnected factor in future investigations and potential adjunctive treatment for mood disorders by targeting fatty acid metabolism.
Neuromodulation of choice-induced preference changes: the tDCS study of cognitive dissonance
Authors: Rybina Elena , Colosio Marco , Shestakova Anna , Klucharev Vasily 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionDifficult choices between two equally attractive options result in a cognitive discrepancy between dissonant cognitions such as preferences and actions often followed by a sense of psychological discomfort known as cognitive dissonance. It can lead to changes in the desirability of options: the chosen option becomes more desirable, whereas the rejected option is devalued. Despite the ample experimental evidence to show this effect, the neural mechanisms and timing of such choice-induced preference changes are not fully understood.MethodsIn this study, we used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to modulate the activity of the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC), which has been associated with conflict monitoring and choice-induced preference changes in neuroimaging studies. Prior to a revised version of Brehm’s free-choice paradigm, participants in two experiments underwent cathodal (inhibitory) or anodal (excitatory) tDCS of the pMFC compared to sham (placebo) stimulation prior to the choice phase.ResultsOur results showed that cathodal tDCS significantly decreased the choice-induced preference change relative to a sham, but only in direct comparisons of rejected options. No significant effect of anodal tDCS in comparison with sham was observed.DiscussionThis study replicates the general behavioral effect of cognitive dissonance and provide partial support for the theory of the pMFC contribution to choice-related cognitive dissonance and subsequent preference changes, with possible limitations of an under-sampling for the obtained effect size and an asymmetry in the inhibitory-excitatory effects of non-invasive tDCS.
Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of cross-regional hospitalization services utilization by basic medical insurance participants in China − taking a central province as an example
Authors: Song Tianyu , Ma Rongfei , Zhang Xiange , Lv Bangliang , Li Zihang , Guo Mengzi , Yuan Min , Tang Zhiru 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe geographically uneven distribution of healthcare resources has resulted in a dramatic increase of cross-regional hospitalization services in China. The over-use of cross-regional hospitalization services may hinder the utilization and improvement of local hospitalization services. It is of great practical significance to study the utilization of cross-regional hospitalization services and its influencing factors in order to effectively allocate medical resources and guide patients to seek medical treatment rationally. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the current situation and influencing factors of the utilization of cross-regional hospitalization services by patients insured by basic medical insurance in China.MethodsA total of 3,291 cross-provincial inpatients were randomly selected in a central province of China in 2020. The level of medical institutions, hospitalization expenses and actual reimbursement rate were selected as indicators of hospitalization service utilization. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the dimensionality of influencing factors and reduce the number of variables, and binomial logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis to explore the influencing factors of the utilization of cross-regional hospitalization services.ResultsThe proportion of cross-provincial inpatients choosing tertiary hospitals was the highest with average hospitalization expenses of 24,662 yuan and an actual reimbursement rate of 51.0% on average. Patients insured by Urban Employees’ Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) were more frequently (92.9% vs. 88.5%) to choose tertiary hospitals than those insured by Urban and Rural Residents’ Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI), and their average hospitalization expenses (30,727 yuan) and actual reimbursement rate (68.2%) were relatively higher (p &lt; 0.001). The factor “income and security,” “convenience of medical treatment” and “disease severity” had significant effects on inpatients’ selection of medical institution level, hospitalization expenses and actual reimbursement rate, while the factor “demographic characteristics” only had significant effects on hospitalization expenses and actual reimbursement rate.ConclusionCross-provincial inpatients choose tertiary hospitals more frequently, and their financial burdens of medical treatment are heavy. A variety of factors jointly affect the utilization of cross-provincial hospitalization services for insured patients. It is necessary to narrow down the gap of medical treatment between UEBMI and URRBMI patients, and make full use of high-quality medical resources across regions.
Etiquette of the antibiotic decision-making process for surgical prophylaxis in Ethiopia: a triangulated ethnographic study
Authors: Alemkere Getachew , Tegegne Gobezie T. , Molla Getnet Abebe , Belayneh Alemu , Muzeyin Hanan , Shewarega Wendwosen , Degefaw Yidnekachew , Melkie Addisu , Getahun Workineh , Tadeg Hailu , Alemayehu Abebe , Girma Eshetu , Amogne Wondwossen 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundProphylactic antibiotics reduce surgery-associated infections and healthcare costs. While quantitative methods have been widely used to evaluate antibiotic use practices in surgical wards, they fall short of fully capturing the intricacies of antibiotic decision-making in these settings. Qualitative methods can bridge this gap by delving into the often-overlooked healthcare customs that shape antibiotic prescribing practices.AimThis study aimed to explore the etiquette of the antibiotic decision-making process of surgical prophylaxis antibiotic use at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH).MethodsThe observational study was carried out at TASH, a teaching and referral hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 26 August 2021 to 1 January 2022. Overall, 21 business ward rounds, 30 medical record reviews, and 11 face-to-face interviews were performed sequentially to triangulate and cross-validate the qualitative observation. The data were collected until saturation. The data were cleaned, coded, summarized, and analyzed using the thematic analysis approach.ResultSurgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) discussions were infrequent during surgical ward rounds in TASH, leading to practices that deviated from established recommendations. Clear documentation differentiating SAP from other antibiotic uses was also lacking, which contributed to unjustified extended SAP use in the postoperative period. Missed SAP documentation was common for emergency surgeries, as well as initial dose timing and pre-operative metronidazole administration. Importantly, there was no standardized facility guideline or clinical protocol for SAP use. Furthermore, SAP prescriptions were often signed by junior residents and medical interns, and administration was typically handled by anesthesiologists/anesthetists at the operating theater and by nurses in the wards. This suggests a delegation of SAP decision-making from surgeons to senior residents, then to junior residents, and finally to medical interns. Moreover, there was no adequate representation from pharmacy, nursing, and other staff during ward rounds.ConclusionDeeply ingrained customs hinder evidence-based SAP decisions, leading to suboptimal practices and increased surgical site infection risks. Engaging SAP care services and implementing antimicrobial stewardship practices could optimize SAP usage and mitigate SSI risks.
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in East Tennessee dairy farms
Authors: Gelalcha Benti D. , Gelgie Aga E. , Kerro Dego Oudessa 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, such as Escherichia coli, are emerging as a serious threat to global health due to their rapid spread and their multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. However, limited information is available regarding the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of ESBL-E. coli in the United States dairy farms. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and AMR pattern of ESBL-E. coli in East Tennessee dairy cattle farms.MethodsRectal fecal samples from dairy cattle (n = 508) and manure (n = 30), water (n = 19), and feed samples (n = 15) were collected from 14 farms. The presumptive E. coli was isolated on CHROMagar™ ESBL and confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on the ESBL-E. coli isolates.Results and discussionFrom 572 fecal and farm environmental samples, a total of 233 (41%, n = 572) ESBL-E. coli were identified. The prevalence of fecal ESBL-E. coli was 47.5% (95% CI: 46.2–49.2). The within-farm prevalence of ESBL-E. coli ranged from 8 to 100%. Recent treatment history with third-generation cephalosporins (3GC), cow parity ≥3, and calves were the independent risk factors associated (P &lt; 0.05) with fecal carriage of ESBL-E. coli. Overall, 99.6% (n = 231) ESBL-E. coli tested were phenotypically resistant to at least one of the 14 antimicrobial agents tested. The most common AMR phenotypes were against beta-lactam antibiotics, ampicillin (99.1%; n = 231 isolates), and ceftriaxone (98.7%, n = 231). Most ESBL-E. coli isolates (94.4%) were MDR (resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes), of which 42.6% showed co-resistance to at least six classes of antimicrobials. ESBL-E. coli isolates with concurrent resistance to ceftriaxone, ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, and chloramphenicol are widespread and detected in all the farms. The detection of MDR ESBL-E. coli suggests that dairy cattle can be a reservoir for these bacteria, highlighting the associated public health risk.
Comparative Genomic Analysis Unveils Potential Factors Contributing to the Endangerment of Silurus lanzhouensis
Authors: Yang Yuanhao , Zhang Yameng , Li Fenggang , Wen Sien , Wang Lvzhou , Lan Guozhu , Zhou Jishu , Li Yang , Zhu Zilin 
Published: December 2023

Silurus lanzhouensis is a large endemic fish exclusively found in the middle and upper reaches of China’s Yellow River, with a restricted distribution range and a small population size and is listed as an endangered species. To investigate the potential genetic factors contributing to the observed decrease in the population of S. lanzhouensis, we have successfully assembled the first chromosome-level genome of S. lanzhouensis. This genome comprises a total of 30 chromosomes, with a size of 794.43 Mb, and 23,093 protein-coding genes. Comparative genomics analysis reveals that the genetic relationship between S. lanzhouensis and S. meridionalis Chen is the closest, and their common ancestor experienced two rounds of whole genome duplication (WGD) before diverging. Notably, amino acid metabolism-related pathways are enriched in the unique S. lanzhouensis gene family. In addition, we observed that the chemokine receptor and scavenger receptor gene families contracted in S. lanzhouensis, which may be associated with its diminished immune response. Our research findings provide valuable insights into the endangered mechanism of S. lanzhouensis and enhance our understanding of the evolution of Siluriformes fish.
Self-Transcendence: Servant-Leadership and the Doorway of Life
Authors: Schmidt Ryan 
Published: December 2023

Robert Greenleaf speaks of his relationship to Robert Frost’s poem Directive as a symbol in understanding servant-leadership, offering meaning for others in their reconciliation of who and where they are on life’s inward journey. Reflecting on my personal journey, in searching for a higher purpose and identifying what needs changing, a closer examination into the learnings inspired by my family is exposing the limitations in my predisposed self-orientation approach to leadership and challenging my relationship to a life of meaning. My inward desire to become a better person is opening my heart towards an other-orientation approach to serving, and towards servant-leadership; a framework that encourages dreaming bigger dreams and healing previously ignored wounds. Through the lens of self-responsibility, this article explores the progression from assimilating into a position of power, to redefining meaning through the freedom of choice, to prioritizing the well-being of others as an expression of love. This article ultimately affirms how servant-leadership, through the demonstration of awareness, conceptualization, and healing, leads to self-transcendence; reframing life from being a linear problem to solve to being a mystery to embrace.
Enrico Franchini's War. Russian Agent in the Ottoman Campaign Against Egypt (1799–1800)
Authors: Кобищанов Т.Ю. 
Published: December 2023

В конце XVIII в. российская дипломатия была одновременно юна и вполне зрела. Выверенность бюрократических процедур непринужденно сочеталась в ней с авантюризмом героев-одиночек, осваивавших доселе неведомые пространства. Имена многих российских дипломатов-первопроходцев забыты, как это произошло со служащим посольства в Константинополе, уроженцем Тосканы Энрико Франкини (1769–1800). Франкини довелось стать первым российским чиновником, в официальном статусе совершившим поход от Стамбула до Каира, через Анатолию и Сирию. Многое для него было новым в этой недолгой миссии на Ближнем Востоке. В 1798 г. впервые Россия и Турция заключили официальный союз. Именно Франкини, очевидно, довелось увидеть начало спора России и Запада за Святые места Палестины и первые всполохи «Большой игры» между Санкт-Петербургом и Лондоном за доминирование на мусульманском Востоке. Наконец, Франкини утверждал, что именно он сорвал сепаратный османо-французский договор, что привело к новому витку военных действий в Египте. Представленная статья посвящена деятельности этого неординарного дипломата.
At the end of the XVIII century Russian diplomacy was both young and quite mature. The precision of bureaucratic procedures was naturally combined in it with the adventurism of loner heroes who had mastered hitherto unknown spaces. The names of many Russian pioneering diplomats are forgotten, as happened with the employee of the Embassy in Constantinople, a native of Tuscany Enrico Franchini (1769–1800). Franchini happened to become the first Russian employee in official status to march from Istanbul to Cairo, through Anatolia and Syria. Much was new to him in this short-lived mission in the Middle East. In 1798 for the first time, Russia and Turkey have entered an official alliance. It was Franchini, obviously, who happened to see the beginning of the dispute between Russia and the West over the Holy Places of Palestine and the first flashes of the «Big Game» between St. Petersburg and London for dominance in the Muslim East. Finally, Franchini claimed that it was he who broke the separate Ottoman-French treaty, which led to a new round of hostilities in Egypt. The presented article is devoted to the activities of this extraordinary diplomat.
Scientific travels of Kazan Orientalists to Asian Russia and the Foreign East (the first half of the 19th century)
Authors: Валеев Р.М. , Валеева Р.З. , Мартынов Д.Е. 
Published: December 2023

Феномен научных путешествий и экспедиций ученых и практиков ярко проявился в европейской и российской ориенталистике Нового времени (XVIII – нач. XX в.) и стал одной из примечательных исследовательских и культурных традиций и новаций. Цель данной статьи, не претендуя на обобщающее освещение, обратиться к событиям, этапам, направлениям, итогам и специфике путешествий выпускников и ученых казанского центра востоковедения первой половины XIX в. В первой половине XIX в университетских путешествиях на Восток преобладали рационально-научный дискурс, просветительские, образовательные и научные задачи, ставшие важным компонентом востоковедения в Казани и в целом в России. Достаточно выделить цикл путешествий Я.О. Ярцова в Персию; И.Н. Березина и В.Ф. Диттеля на Ближний и Средний Восток; О.М. Ковалевского и А.В. Попова в Центральную Азию; В.П. Васильева в составе Пекинской духовной миссии в Цинский Китай, имеющие огромное значение в истории российской и европейской ориенталистики и историко-культурное значение.
The phenomenon of scientific travel and expeditions of scientists and practitioners was vividly manifested in the European and Russian oriental studies of Modern Times (XVIII – beginning. XX century) and became one of the remarkable research and cultural traditions and innovations. The purpose of this article, without pretending to generalize coverage, is to address the events, stages, directions, results, and specifics of the travels of graduates and scientists of the Kazan Center of Oriental Studies of the first half of the XIX century. In the first half of the XIX century, university trips to the East were dominated by rational scientific discourse, educational,and scientific tasks that became an important component of Oriental studies in Kazan and in Russia as a whole. It is enough to single out the cycle of travels of Ya.O. Yartsov to Persia; I.N. Berezin and V.F. Dittel to the Near and Middle East; O.M. Kovalevsky and A.V. Popov to Central Asia; V.P. Vasiliev as part of the Beijing spiritual mission to Qing China, which are of great importance in the history of Russian and European orientalism and historical and cultural significance.
Secret missions of Nikolai Ivanovich Lyubimov to the Qing Empire in the 40s 19th C.
Authors: Маленкова А.А. 
Published: December 2023

Российский дипломат, ориенталист, директор Азиатского департамента МИД Николай Иванович Любимов совершил две поездки в империю Цин. Первая поездка состоялась в 1840-1842 гг. в Пекин в составе 12-ой Русской духовной миссии, вторая - под именем купца Хорошева в Западный Китай в 1845 г. Документы из архива Любимова, хранящиеся в Российском государственном историческом архиве и Российском государственном архиве литературы и искусства, позволяют узнать о подготовке, целях, ходе и результатах поездок. Любимов внес большой вклад в развитие отношений Российской империи с империей Цин. В первую поездку ему удалось помимо своих обязанностей пристава миссии разведать обстановку в Китае во время Первой опиумной войны, детально исследовать пограничный вопрос, написать донесение о торговле в Кяхте. Вторая поездка в Кугучак и Кульджу позволила получить сведения о настроении проживающих на границе Центральной Азии и Китая народов, местной торговле, пообщаться с китайскими чиновниками. Архив Любимова является уникальным свидетельством работы российских дипломатов для отстаивания интересов России в Азии в XIX веке.
Russian diplomat, orientalist, director of the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nikolai Ivanovich Lyubimov made two trips to the Qing Empire. The first trip took place in 1840-1842 to Beijing as part of the 12th Russian Orthodox mission, the second - under the name of the merchant Khoroshev to Western China in 1845. Documents from Lyubimov’s archive, stored in the Russian State Historical Archive and Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, allow us to learn about the preparation, goals, progress, and results of the trips. Lyubimov made a great contribution to the development of relations between the Russian Empire and the Qing Empire. On his first trip, in addition to his duties as a mission officer, he managed to learn more about the situation in China during the First Opium War, study the border issue in detail, and write a report on trade in Kyakhta. The second trip to Kuguchak and Ghulja allowed us to obtain information about the mood of the peoples living on the border of Central Asia and China, local trade and communicate with Chinese officials. Lyubimov's archive is a unique testimony to the work of Russian diplomats to defend Russia's interests in Asia in the 19th century.