bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entwicklung der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit und
ausgewählter kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren im Rahmen der
Langzeitrehabilitation von Soldaten mit posttraumatischer
Belastungsstörung
Authors: Korte Roman , Schmitz Jennifer , Schulze Christoph , Schaffranek-Mondroch Antje , Gerß Joachim , Dierich Andreas , Lison Andreas 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Im Zusammenhang mit psychischen Erkrankungen wird
häufig ein Nachlassen der körperlichen
Leistungsfähigkeit (KLF) beobachtet, was Folgen für das
Auftreten von Teilhabestörungen nach sich ziehen kann. Eine diese
Komorbidität berücksichtigende fachübergreifende
Betreuung psychisch Erkrankter wird gefordert, stößt jedoch an
Grenzen der praktischen Umsetzbarkeit. Die KLF ist bei der sozialmedizinischen
Beurteilung der Erwerbsfähigkeit ein wichtiger Parameter. Ziel der
Studie war es zu untersuchen, ob sich im Rahmen einer berufsbezogenen
interdisziplinären und individualisierten Langzeitrehabilitation von
Soldatinnen und Soldaten ausgewählte Parameter der Fitness und der
Rumpfkraft sowie kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren im Vergleich zu einer
zu rehabilitierenden Kontrollgruppe ohne psychische Erkrankung verbessern
lassen.
Material und Methoden In einer retrospektiven
Längsschnittuntersuchung wurden 116 Verläufe (über 25,9
± 12,8 Monate) von Reha-Patienten, die aufgrund von
orthopädischen Einschränkungen (n=22) und/oder
PTBS-Diagnose (n=94) Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen erhalten haben,
anhand der Befunde von Fahrradergometrien und isokinetischen Rumpfkraftmessungen
sowie ausgewählten Laborparametern ausgewertet. Die statistische Analyse
erfolgte bei fehlender Normalverteilung mittels Friedman- und
Kruskal-Wallis-Tests.
Ergebnisse Während die maximale Leistungsfähigkeit in der
Fahrradergometrie in der Kontrollgruppe von Patienten mit ausschließlich
orthopädischen Einschränkungen im Median um 22,28 %
(p=0,001) gesteigert werden konnte, lag diese Steigerung bei Patienten
mit zusätzlicher oder ausschließlicher PTBS bei 5,46 %
(nicht signifikant). Die Leistung an der 4 mmol-Lactatschwelle konnte in beiden
Gruppen signifikant verbessert werden. In der isokinetischen Rumpfkraftmessung
konnten für beide Gruppen kaum relevante Leistungssteigerungen
beobachtet werden. Cholesterin, Triglyzeride und Harnsäure im
Blutveränderten sich im Verlauf marginal.
Schlussfolgerungen Eine klinisch relevante Steigerung der
körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit von psychisch erkranktem
militärischem Personal erscheint in der Langzeitbeobachtung im Rahmen
eines umfangreichen rehabilitativen Angebots im Gegensatz zu nicht psychisch
erkranktem militärischen, rein orthopädisch zu rehabilitierendem
Personal, schwerer erreichbar. Eine Verbesserung der
Grundlagenausdauerleistungsfähigkeit war in beiden Gruppen
möglich. Das kardiovaskuläre Risikoprofil bei einer
Studienpopulation jungen Alters war nicht signifikant verbesserbar.
Exploration of a mutant enzyme protein with active site fluctuations at 330 K via machine learning and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Nishiyama Katsuhiko 
Published: January 2024

Control of active site fluctuations in enzyme proteins would significantly expand their application fields. Because papain typically has higher activity at 330 K, shifting the temperature to 330 K may help to expand its range of use in medical treatment, food processing, and bioelectronic devices. Mutating residues R111 and Q112 in the β-strand hinge structure that links the two papain domains may significantly influence fluctuations in its active site. To identify papain mutants with active site fluctuations that match the target temperature (330 K), R111 and Q112 were repeatedly mutated complementarily using deep neural network (DNN) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Overall, 24 mutation patterns were found to bring the active site fluctuations of papain at 300 K closer to those of papain at 330 K. The decision tree identified factors that specifically influenced the active site fluctuations. These factors should be considered when designing studies that combine DNN and MD simulations.
The energies and charge and spin distributions in the low-lying levels of singlet and triplet N2V defects in diamond from direct variational calculations of the excited states
Authors: Mackrodt William C. , Platonenko Alexander , Pascale Fabien , Dovesi Roberto 
Published: January 2024

This paper reports the energies and charge and spin distributions of the low-lying excited states in singlet and triplet N2V defects in diamond from direct Δ-SCF calculations based on Gaussian orbitals within the B3LYP, PBE0, and HSE06 functionals. They assign the observed absorption at 2.463 eV, first reported by Davies et al. [Proc. R. Soc. London 351, 245 (1976)], to the excitation of a N(sp3) lone-pair electron in the singlet and triplet states, respectively, with estimates of ∼1.1 eV for that of the unpaired electrons, C(sp3). In both cases, the excited states are predicted to be highly local and strongly excitonic with 81% of the C(sp3) and 87% of the N(sp3) excited charges localized at the three C atoms nearest neighbor (nn) to the excitation sites. Also reported are the higher excited gap states of both the N lone pair and C unpaired electron. Calculated excitation energies of the bonding sp3 hybrids of the C atoms nn to the four inner atoms are close to that of the bulk, which indicates that the N2V defect is largely a local defect. The present results are in broad agreement with those reported by Udvarhelyi et al. [Phys. Rev. B 96, 155211 (2017)] from plane wave HSE06 calculations, notably for the N lone pair excitation energy, for which both predict an energy of ∼2.7 eV but with a difference of ∼0.5 eV for the excitation of the unpaired electron.
Solid-liquid phase separation diffused Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets by using DyH3 nanopowder realize high-efficiency coercivity improvement and overcome thickness limit
Authors: Wu Haihui , Liu Weiqiang , Wang Zhanjia , Ji Ming , Du RuiHua , Li Yuqing , Zhang Dongtao , Yue Ming , Yi Xiaofei , Liu Youhao , Zha Shanshun 
Published: January 2024

In this study, new grain boundary diffusion (GBD) technology is applied to Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets with different thicknesses utilizing DyH3 nanopowder. The weight ratio is 0.25 wt.%. For comparison, the GBD processes include solid-liquid phase separation diffusion (SepD) and solid-liquid phase simultaneous diffusion (SimD). The magnetic properties and microstructure of GBD magnets with different thicknesses are thoroughly investigated. The comprehensive magnetic properties of SepD magnets are higher than SimD magnets. When the magnets are 8 mm thick, the SepD magnet obtains a coercivity of 18.10 kOe, which is higher than the SimD magnets (17.00 kOe). It was determined that SepD can manufacture thick magnets with excellent coercivity. In SepD magnets, the Dy element diffusion distance is deeper than in SimD magnets. For SepD magnets, there are core-shell structures formed in the surface region, while there are anti-core-shell structures that are unfavorable to magnetic properties in the surface region of the SimD magnets. The enhanced coercivity and temperature stability of the SepD magnets is primarily due to the more continuous core-shell structures produced by the deeper diffusion depth of the Dy element. This study will provide more theoretical guidance for the application of SepD in magnets with different thicknesses.
Low-temperature antiferromagnetism in quaternary Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 alloys
Authors: Zivotsky Ondrej , Gembalova Lucie , Skotnicova Katerina , Szurman Ivo , Cegan Tomas , Jurica Jan , Malina Ondrej , Cizek Jakub 
Published: January 2024

In this work, the quaternary Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 alloys are prepared for the first time in the form of cylinder-shaped ingots by traditional induction melting technique followed by homogenization annealing at 773 K for 100 h. The microstructural and magnetic properties of as-cast and annealed Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 samples are analyzed in detail and compared to the Mn2FeSi and Mn2FeAl ternary alloys. The Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 ingots are two-phase both before and after annealing, and their diffractograms correspond to the primitive cubic β-Mn structure. Obtained lattice constant of 0.6274 nm is only slightly lower than that of Mn2FeAl alloy (0.6339 nm) and different from Mn2FeSi (0.5672 nm). The existence of both phases enriched in Si at the expense of Al and Mn was confirmed by differential thermal analysis showing two endothermic and exothermic peaks at temperatures of 1363 K and 1407 K. The magnetic properties of both quaternary samples studied in wide temperature range from 5 K to 573 K indicate paramagnetic behavior at room and elevated temperatures. The annealed system has the values of Curie temperature and effective paramagnetic moment comparable to the ternary Mn2FeAl alloy. The transition to antiferromagnetic state occurring at Néel temperatures of 34 K (as-cast sample) and 37 K (annealed sample) is caused by strong geometric frustration of β-Mn structure. The magnetic transitions observed in both samples between Néel and room temperature are discussed in terms of the existence of Griffiths phase.
Summing over non-singular paths in quantum cosmology
Authors: Matsui Hiroki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper we provide the DeWitt propagator and its wave function in quantum cosmology using the path integral formulation of quantum gravity. The DeWitt boundary condition is introduced as a way to avoid the Big Bang singularity by positing that the wave function of the Universe vanishes near the Big Bang. However, there is currently no clear definition of the DeWitt boundary condition in the path integral formulation. To address this issue, we use the image method, which eliminates singular paths in the forbidden region of the infinite potential, and apply this method to quantum cosmology based on the Batalin–Fradkin–Vilkovisky formulation of the path integral. We investigate the validity of the image method, and in particular, find that this method is only appropriate when the potential has symmetry with respect to the boundary. We then show that the DeWitt propagator and the DeWitt wave function derived from the image method are consistent with solutions of the Wheeler–DeWitt equation for certain models of quantum cosmology.
ΛCDM-Rastall cosmology revisited: constraints from a recent Quasars datasample
Authors: Astorga-Moreno J A , Jacobo Kyra , Arteaga Salvador , García-Aspeitia Miguel A , Hernández-Almada A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper we study the impact of a recent quasar datasample in the constraint of the free parameters of an extension of general relativity. As a ruler to test, we use Rastall gravity in the context of background cosmology being a simple extension to general relativity. We compare the results from quasars dataset with other known samples such as cosmic chronometers, supernovae of the Ia type, baryon acoustic oscillations, HII galaxies, and also a joint analysis. Results are consistent with the standard cosmological model emphasizing that Rastall gravity is equivalent to general relativity. According to the constraints provided from the joint sample, the age of the Universe is

τ

U

=

12.601

−
0.066

+
0.067

Gyrs and the transition to an accelerated phase occurs at

z

T

=
0.620
±
0.025

in the redshift scale, being only the phase transition consistent with the standard paradigm and having a younger Universe. With the quasars sample, the Universe age differs with that expected in ΛCDM having a result of

τ

U

=

11.958

−
0.109

+
0.139

Gyrs with a transition at

z

T

=
0.652
±
0.032

this last consistent with standard cosmology. A remarkable result is that quasars constraints has the capability to differentiate among general relativity and Rastall gravity due to the result for the parameter

λ
=
−

2.231

−
0.546

+
0.785

. Moreover, the parameter j under quasars constraints suggests that the cause of the late Universe’s acceleration is a dark energy fluid different from a cosmological constant.
General-relativistic wave–particle duality with torsion
Authors: Guedes Francisco Ribeiro Benard , Popławski Nikodem Janusz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe propose that the four-velocity of a Dirac particle is related to its relativistic wave function byui=ψˉγiψ/ψˉψ. This relativistic wave–particle duality relation is demonstrated for a free particle related to a plane wave in a flat spacetime. For a curved spacetime with torsion, the momentum four-vector of a spinor is related to a generator of translation, given by a covariant derivative. The spin angular momentum four-tensor of a spinor is related to a generator of rotation in the Lorentz group. We use the covariant conservation laws for the spin and energy–momentum tensors for a spinor field in the presence of the Einstein–Cartan torsion to show that if the wave satisfies the curved Dirac equation, then the four-velocity, four-momentum, and spin satisfy the classical Mathisson–Papapetrou equations of motion. We show that these equations reduce to the geodesic equation. Consequently, the motion of a particle guided by the four-velocity in the pilot-wave quantum mechanics coincides with the geodesic motion determined by spacetime. We also show how the duality and the operator form of the Mathisson–Papapetrou equations arise from the covariant Heisenberg equation of motion in the presence of torsion.
Optical properties and plasmons in moiré structures
Authors: Kuang Xueheng , Pantaleón Peralta Pierre A , Angel Silva-Guillén Jose , Yuan Shengjun , Guinea Francisco , Zhan Zhen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The discoveries of numerous exciting phenomena in twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) are stimulating significant investigations on moiré structures that possess a tunable moiré potential. Optical response can provide insights into the electronic structures and transport phenomena of non-twisted and twisted moiré structures. In this article, we review both experimental and theoretical studies of optical properties such as optical conductivity, dielectric function, non-linear optical response, and plasmons in moiré structures composed of graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and/or transition metal dichalcogenides. Firstly, a comprehensive introduction to the widely employed methodology on optical properties is presented. After, moiré potential induced optical conductivity and plasmons in non-twisted structures are reviewed, such as single layer graphene-hBN, bilayer graphene-hBN and graphene-metal moiré heterostructures. Next, recent investigations of twist-angle dependent optical response and plasmons are addressed in twisted moiré structures. Additionally, we discuss how optical properties and plasmons could contribute to the understanding of the many-body effects and superconductivity observed in moiré structures.
Interference of holon strings in 2D Hubbard model
Authors: Wang Chang-Yan , Ho Tin-Lun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The 2D Hubbard model with large repulsion is an important problem in condensed matter physics. At half filling, its ground state is an antiferromagnet (AMF). The dope AMF below half filling is believed to capture the physics of high Tc
superconductors. And the fermion excitation of this dope AMF is theorized as splitting up into holons and spinons that carry charge and spin separately. It is believed that these exotic holons and spinons are the origins of the unusual properties of high Tc
superconductors. Despite the interests in holons and spinons, the direct observations of these excitations remain difficult in solid state experiments. Here, we show that with the rapid advances in the experimental techniques in cold atoms, the direct observation of holons is possible in quantum quench dynamic processes in cold atom settings. We show that the well-known holon-strings generated by the motion of a holon as well as their interferences can be detected by the measurements spin–spin correlations and demonstrate the presence of the Marshall phase associated with a holon string reflecting an underlying AMF background. Moreover, we show that the interferences of the holon strings make a holon propagate anisotropically, with a diffusion pattern clearly distinct from that of spinless fermions. At the same time, we show that these interferences lead to a large suppression in magnetic order in the region swept through by the strings (even to about 95% for some bond). We further demonstrate the Marshall phase of the holon-strings by comparing the dynamics of holon in the tJ model with that of the so-called

σ
t
J

-model, which is the tJ model with the Marshall phase removed. The holons in these models propagate entirely differently.
Quantitative investigation of gamma radiation in accelerator produced ISO neutron fields
Authors: Dombrowski H , Nolte R 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In standard monoenergetic ISO neutron fields, the neutron yield of neutron-producing reactions was measured in combination with the prompt photon yield, including photon energies up to 10 MeV, for the purpose of comparing the two yields. Separating the photons produced by the target (direct photons) from those generated by secondary neutron reactions was achieved using the time-of-flight method. Photon and neutron ambient dose equivalent values were calculated from measured spectral energy distributions. Quasi monoenergetic neutron fields are needed to systematically test the response of measuring instruments to neutron radiation. For this reason, ISO has defined a number of reference neutron radiation fields covering a wide energy range up to 19 MeV. Because neutron detectors may also be affected by photon radiation, the photon fluence in the ISO neutron fields has to be known. This work focuses on quasi monoenergetic accelerator-produced neutron fields in the energy range of 24 keV to 19 MeV.
Absorbed dose coefficients for pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer patients undergoing radioiodine therapy
Authors: Kwon Tae-Eun , Kitahara Cari M , Lee Choonsik 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The escalating incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in pediatric patients and the resultant growing use of radioactive iodine (RAI) reinforce the need to evaluate radiation exposure to normal tissues and radiation-induced health risks in pediatric patients undergoing RAI therapy. In the current study, we calculated absorbed dose coefficients (i.e. absorbed dose per unit activity administered, mGy MBq−1) specific for pediatric patients with localized DTC undergoing RAI therapy following total thyroidectomy for use in epidemiological studies. We first modified previously-published biokinetic models for adult thyroid cancer patients to achieve a reasonable agreement with iodine biokinetics observed in pediatric patients or design principles addressed in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference age-specific biokinetic models. We then combined the biokinetic models in conjunction with S values derived from ICRP reference pediatric voxel phantoms. The absorbed dose coefficients for pediatric patients were overall greater than those for adults with a ratio (pediatric/adult) up to 11.6 and rapidly decreased with increasing age. The sensitivity analysis showed that the renal clearance rate and S values may have the greatest impact on the absorbed dose coefficients with the rank correlation coefficients ranging from −0.53 to −0.82 (negative correlations) and from 0.51 to 0.80 (positive correlations), respectively. The results of the current study may be utilized in clinical or epidemiological studies to estimate organ-specific radiation absorbed doses and radiation-associated health risks among pediatric thyroid cancer patients.
Air kerma reference field with high energy photons using a 15 MeV electron beam from a clinical linear accelerator
Authors: Ishii Junya , Shimizu Morihito , Kato Masahiro , Kurosawa Tadahiro , Watabe Hiroshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the medical and nuclear fields, there are environments where exposure to photons with energies above several MeV can result in problems. The National Metrology Institute of Japan has developed a high-energy photon field using a 15 MeV electron beam of a clinical linear accelerator with a copper target and an aluminium filter unit to facilitate dosimeter calibration in terms of air kerma. To determine the air kerma rate, the energy fluence distribution at a reference point was calculated, and both calculations and experiments evaluated the effective energy and spatial dose distribution. Moreover, to validate the air kerma measurement, two commercial cavity chambers were calibrated in a developed photon field. The results obtained exhibited a 4% difference compared with those in a Co-60 γ-ray reference field.
A dynamic state estimation method for integrated energy system based on radial basis kernel function
Authors: Chen Tengpeng , Luo Hongxuan , Foo Eddy Y S , Amaratunga Gehan A J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
For state estimation (SE) of dynamic electro-thermal gas coupled systems, measurements usually assume that the measurement noise obeys a Gaussian distribution. The extended Kalman filter and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) are some of the widely used estimation methods in SE. However, the measurement noise does not always follow Gaussian distribution in practice. When the measurement noise is non-Gaussian, the performance of these methods may not be satisfactory. In this paper, we propose an unscented Kalman filtering method based on minimizing radial basis kernel function criterion (MRBFC-UKF), which explores the optimal values of the shape parameters of the kernel function instead of using the widely used Gaussian and exponential kernel functions. Simulations are run dynamically in an integrated energy system which comprises an IEEE 14-bus, a 20-node natural gas network and a 32-node local thermal network. The results show that the proposed MRBFC-UKF method has good robustness and accuracy, and can effectively cope with the presence of unexpected bad data inputs.
Three-phase series arc fault detection based on two-dimensional attention PoolFormer
Authors: Yu Qiongfang , Zhang Yuhai , Zhao Liang , Wu Qiong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Series arc faults are a major causation of electrical fires. The complexity of load types in low-voltage distribution systems makes arc faults detection more challenging for three-phase circuits with inverters. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a detection method based on two-dimensional attention PoolFormer. Firstly, a low-voltage three-phase series arc faults data acquisition platform is built to collect the required data. The collected current signals are encoded as pictures through image mapping and projected into a more discriminative space, while increasing the magnitude of the dataset. Subsequently, the two-dimensional attention PoolFormer algorithm model is constructed to fully exploit the feature information between different fault categories. This model has multi-scale parallel convolution to extract features of input samples and perform information fusion. Considering also the ability to seize the location characteristics of fault information well, the two-dimensional attention is designed to be added inside the algorithm, to grasp the precise location information to enhance the performance of the algorithm. Finally, the dataset is fed into the two-dimensional attention PoolFormer model for training and testing. The results show that the accuracy of the method proposed in this paper can achieve 99.36%.