bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of cropping patterns on the distribution, carbon contents, and nitrogen contents of aeolian sand soil aggregates in Northwest China
Authors: Niu Ziru , An Fangjiao , Su Yongzhong , Li Juan , Liu Tingna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe long-term physicochemical responses of aeolian sandy soil aggregates to different crop rotation patterns are poorly understood. Here, we collected soil samples from the 0 to 20 cm tillage layer of continuous maize crop and alfalfa–maize rotation plots situated on the edge of the Zhangye Oasis, Northwest China. These samples were analyzed to quantify the influence of both cropping patterns on the structure, carbon content, and nitrogen content of aeolian sandy soils. When compared with long-term continuous maize cropping, planting alfalfa–maize rotation system significantly increased the mass fraction of macro-aggregates with sizes of > 2 mm and 0.25–2 mm from 8.7 to 12.1% and 19.1 to 21.2%, respectively, but decreased the mass fraction of micro-aggregates (0.053–0.25 mm) from 8.1 to 6.2%. Further, there was no significant difference in the content of silt and clay particles between each system. The alfalfa–maize rotation increased the stability of aggregates from 32 to 37%, representing an increase of 15.6%. Soil organic carbon, inorganic carbon, and total nitrogen were mainly enriched in macro-aggregates with sizes of > 2 mm, and silt and clay fractions for both cropping patterns. Implementation of a rotation pattern increased organic carbon contents by 27.2%, 25.6%, 26.7%, and 27.6%, inorganic carbon contents by 14.4%, 4.5%, 53.3%, and 21.0%, and total nitrogen contents by 29.7%, 7.0%, 4.2%, and 50.0% in aggregate particle sizes of > 2 mm, 0.25–2 mm, 0.053–0.25 mm, and < 0.053 mm, respectively, when compared to continuous maize cropping. The alfalfa–maize crop rotation can therefore effectively improve soil aggregate composition and aggregate stability, alongside organic carbon content, inorganic carbon content, total nitrogen content, and their storage capacity. This system thus represents a soil cultivation technique that can increase the soil carbon sequestration capacity in the oasis zone of Northwest China.
A longitudinal comparison of maternal behaviour in German urban humans (Homo sapiens) and captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Amici Federica , Liebal Katja , Ersson-Lembeck Manuela , Holodynski Manfred 
Published: January 2024

AbstractComparative perspectives are crucial in the study of human development, yet longitudinal comparisons of humans and other primates are still relatively uncommon. Here, we combined theoretical frameworks from cross-cultural and comparative psychology, to study maternal style in 10 mother–infant pairs of German urban humans (Homo sapiens) and 10 mother–infant pairs of captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), during the first year of infants’ development. We conducted focal observations of different behaviours (i.e. nursing, carrying, body contact, touching, grooming, restraining, approaching, leaving, rejection, aggression, mutual gaze, object stimulation), during natural interactions. Analyses revealed a more distal maternal style in WEIRD humans than in captive chimpanzees, with different behaviours being generally more common in one of the two species throughout development. For other behaviours (i.e. nursing), developmental trajectories differed between WEIRD humans and captive chimpanzees, although differences generally decreased through infants’ development. Overall, our study confirms functional approaches as a valid tool for comparative longitudinal studies.
Cooperative function of oncogenic MAPK signaling and the loss of Pten for melanoma migration through the formation of lamellipodia
Authors: Yasuta Yutaka , Kaminaka Ryuya , Nagai Shutaro , Mouri Shuto , Ishida Katsuya , Tanaka Akihiro , Zhou Yue , Sakurai Hiroaki , Yokoyama Satoru 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe combination of oncogenes and tumor suppressors is involved in cancer development; however, it is still unknown whether their combination plays a critical role in cancer metastasis. We herein investigated whether genetic combinations affected cell migration ability by establishing the immortalized melanocytes, melan-a cells, with an oncogene, either BRAFV600E or GNA11Q209L, and the loss of mouse Pten. The loss of mouse Pten or human PTEN increased the cell migration ability of our established cells and human melanoma cell lines with oncogenic MAPK signaling and the BRAFV600E or NRASQ61R background, but not with the GNA11Q209L background or no oncogenes. Although increased migration was not related to PI3K-AKT activation, those migration is regulated by the induction of some components in the WAVE regulatory complex, resulting in a higher rate of the formation of lamellipodia. On the other hand, BRAFV600E induced EphA2 phosphorylation at serine 897 through RSK and was also required for cell migration and the formation of lamellipodia. Therefore, the oncogenic MAPK pathway and loss of Pten in melanoma were important for cell migration through the formation of lamellipodia, suggesting the significance of an appropriate combination of genetic alterations not only in cancer development, but also cancer metastasis.
Structure-based development of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoyl-hydrazineylidene as tyrosinase inhibitor; in vitro and in silico study
Authors: Bagheri Azzam , Moradi Shahram , Iraji Aida , Mahdavi Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA series of new analogs of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoyl-hydrazineylidene conjugated to different methoxyphenyl triazole (11a-n) synthesized using click reaction. The structures of all synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1H, 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and CHO analysis. The tyrosinase inhibitory potential of the synthesized compounds was studied. The newly synthesized scaffolds were found to illustrate the variable degree of the inhibitory profile, and the most potent analog of this series was that one bearing 4-methoxyphenyl moiety, and exhibited an IC50 value of 55.39 ± 4.93 µM. The kinetic study of the most potent derivative reveals a competitive mode of inhibition. Next, molecular docking studies were performed to understand the potent inhibitor's binding mode within the enzyme's binding site. Molecular dynamics simulations were accomplished to further investigate the orientation and binding interaction over time and the stability of the 11m-tyrosinase complex.
Evolution of biological cooperation: an algorithmic approach
Authors: Sudakow Ivan , Reinitz John , Vakulenko Sergey A. , Grigoriev Dima 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis manuscript presents an algorithmic approach to cooperation in biological systems, drawing on fundamental ideas from statistical mechanics and probability theory. Fisher’s geometric model of adaptation suggests that the evolution of organisms well adapted to multiple constraints comes at a significant complexity cost. By utilizing combinatorial models of fitness, we demonstrate that the probability of adapting to all constraints decreases exponentially with the number of constraints, thereby generalizing Fisher’s result. Our main focus is understanding how cooperation can overcome this adaptivity barrier. Through these combinatorial models, we demonstrate that when an organism needs to adapt to a multitude of environmental variables, division of labor emerges as the only viable evolutionary strategy.
HBV-miR-3 is closely related to HBV replication and strongly predictive of HBeAg seroconversion in PegIFN-α treated patients
Authors: Xu Zhenyu , Xu Yun , Wu Zhenyu , Wang Sujuan , Zhang Min , Jiang Yongfang , Gong Guozhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHBV-miR-3 is encoded by HBV and takes part in pathogenesis of HBV-related liver disease. Whether HBV-miR-3 has a relationship with HBV replication and is predictive of PegIFN-α treatment response is still unknown. HBV-miR-3 quantification is based on qRT-PCR. The relationship of HBV-miR-3 and HBV replication, and predictive value of HBV-miR-3 were evaluated in a cohort of 650 HBeAg positive patients from a multi-center, randomized phase III clinical trial for the study of PegIFN-a2b. HBV-miR-3 is significantly positively related to HBVDNA, HBVpgRNA, HBeAg and HBsAg at baseline and at all the different time points during PegIFN-α treatment. Both univariate regression analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed HBV-miR-3 is a predictor of HBeAg seroconversion in the patients treated with PegIFN-α at weeks of 0, 12, and 24. 70.0% of patients with HBV-miR-3 < 3log at week 12 achieved HBeAg seroconversion, otherwise, with HBV-miR-3 > 6log at week 12 no patient obtained HBeAg seroconversion. Conbination of HBV-miR-3 and HBeAg is more strongly predictive of HBeAg seroconversion (83.64%) at week 12. HBV-miR-3 is new biomarker for HBV replication and positively correlated to HBV replication. HBV-miR-3 is also an early predictor of HBeAg seroconversion in the patients treated with PegIFN-α.
Connectionist technique estimates of hydrogen storage capacity on metal hydrides using hybrid GAPSO-LSSVM approach
Authors: Maghsoudy Sina , Zakerabbasi Pouya , Baghban Alireza , Esmaeili Amin , Habibzadeh Sajjad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe AB2metal hydrides are one of the preferred choices for hydrogen storage. Meanwhile, the estimation of hydrogen storage capacity will accelerate their development procedure. Machine learning algorithms can predict the correlation between the metal hydride chemical composition and its hydrogen storage capacity. With this purpose, a total number of 244 pairs of AB2alloys including the elements and their respective hydrogen storage capacity were collected from the literature. In the present study, three machine learning algorithms including GA-LSSVM, PSO-LSSVM, and HGAPSO-LSSVM were employed. These models were able to appropriately predict the hydrogen storage capacity in the AB2metal hydrides. So the HGAPSO-LSSVM model had the highest accuracy. In this model, the statistical factors of R2, STD, MSE, RMSE, and MRE were 0.980, 0.043, 0.0020, 0.045, and 0.972%, respectively. The sensitivity analysis of the input variables also illustrated that the Sn, Co, and Ni elements had the highest effect on the amount of hydrogen storage capacity in AB2metal hydrides.
Evaluation of the functional outcome and mobility of patients after stroke depending on their cognitive state
Authors: Guzek Zbigniew , Dziubek Wioletta , Stefańska Małgorzata , Kowalska Joanna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to analyze the functional outcome and mobility in stroke patients depending on their cognitive state. 180 patients after first stroke were divided into four groups: 48 patients without symptoms of cognitive impairment (G1); 38 with mild cognitive impairment without dementia (G2); 47 with mild dementia (G3); 47 with moderate dementia (G4). The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Barthel Index (BI), Sitting Assessment Scale (SAS), Berg Balance Scale, Trunk Control Test and Test Up & Go were used. The tests were carried out at the time of admission to the ward (T1) and at the time of discharge (T2). A statistically significant improvement was demonstrated in all parameters in almost all groups. No significant difference was observed only in groups G1 and G4 in SAS head. Statistically significant differences in BI results in T2 between groups G1 and G4 were noted. The lowest change in BI was observed in the G4. Regression analysis showed that MMSE and BI at T1 and MMSE score at T2 explained the functional status at T2. Cognitive dysfunction at the time of admission to the ward and discharge may determining the patient's functional status at the time of discharge from the ward.
Response of winter climate and extreme weather to projected Arctic sea-ice loss in very large-ensemble climate model simulations
Authors: Ye Kunhui , Woollings Tim , Sparrow Sarah N. , Watson Peter A. G. , Screen James A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVery large (~2000 members) initial-condition ensemble simulations have been performed to advance understanding of mean climate and extreme weather responses to projected Arctic sea-ice loss under 2 °C global warming above preindustrial levels. These simulations better sample internal atmospheric variability and extremes for each model compared to those from the Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project (PAMIP). The mean climate response is mostly consistent with that from the PAMIP multi-model ensemble, including tropospheric warming, reduced midlatitude westerlies and storm track activity, an equatorward shift of the eddy-driven jet and increased mid-to-high latitude blocking. Two resolutions of the same model exhibit significant differences in the stratospheric circulation response; however, these differences only weakly modulate the tropospheric response. The response of temperature and precipitation extremes largely follows the seasonal-mean response. Sub-sampling confirms that large ensembles (e.g. ≥400) are needed to robustly estimate the seasonal-mean large-scale circulation response, and very large ensembles (e.g. ≥1000) for regional climate and extremes.
Genome-wide association identifies novel ROP risk loci in a multiethnic cohort
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Owen Leah A. , Taylor Kent D. , Ostmo Susan , Chen Yii-Der Ida , Coyner Aaron S. , Sonmez Kemal , Hartnett M. Elizabeth , Guo Xiuqing , Ipp Eli , Roll Kathryn , Genter Pauline , Chan R. V. Paul , DeAngelis Margaret M. , Chiang Michael F. , Campbell J. Peter , Rotter Jerome I. ,   on behalf of the i-ROP Consortium, Campbell J. Peter , Ostmo Susan , Coyner Aaron , Young Benjamin K. , Kim Sang Jin , Sonmez Kemal , Schelonka Robert , Chiang Michael F. , Chan R. V. Paul , Jonas Karyn , Kolli Bhavana , Horowitz Jason , Coki Osode , Eccles Cheryl-Ann , Sarna Leora , Orlin Anton , Berrocal Audina , Negron Catherin , Denser Kimberly , Cumming Kristi , Osentoski Tammy , Check Tammy , Zajechowski Mary , Lee Thomas , Nagiel Aaron , Kruger Evan , McGovern Kathryn , Contractor Dilshad , Havunjian Margaret , Simmons Charles , Murthy Raghu , Galvis Sharon , Rotter Jerome , Chen Ida , Li Xiaohui , Taylor Kent , Roll Kaye , Owen Leah , Lucci Lucia , Hartnett Mary Elizabeth , Moshfeghi Darius , Nunez Mariana , Weinberg-Smith Zac , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Erdogmus Deniz , Ioannidis Stratis , Martinez-Castellanos Maria Ana , SalinasLongoria Samantha , Romero Rafael , Arriola Andrea , Olguin-Manriquez Francisco , Meraz-Gutierrez Miroslava , Dulanto-Reinoso Carlos M. , Montero-Mendoza Cristina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a multiethnic cohort of 920 at-risk infants for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a major cause of childhood blindness, identifying 1 locus at genome-wide significance level (p < 5×10-8) and 9 with significance of p < 5×10-6 for ROP ≥ stage 3. The most significant locus, rs2058019, reached genome-wide significance within the full multiethnic cohort (p = 4.96×10-9); Hispanic and European Ancestry infants driving the association. The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) falls in an intronic region within the Glioma-associated oncogene family zinc finger 3 (GLI3) gene. Relevance for GLI3 and other top-associated genes to human ocular disease was substantiated through in-silico extension analyses, genetic risk score analysis and expression profiling in human donor eye tissues. Thus, we identify a novel locus at GLI3 with relevance to retinal biology, supporting genetic susceptibilities for ROP risk with possible variability by race and ethnicity.
From structural polymorphism to structural metamorphosis of the coat protein of flexuous filamentous potato virus Y
Authors: Kavčič Luka , Kežar Andreja , Koritnik Neža , Žnidarič Magda Tušek , Klobučar Tajda , Vičič Žiga , Merzel Franci , Holden Ellie , Benesch Justin L. P. , Podobnik Marjetka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe structural diversity and tunability of the capsid proteins (CPs) of various icosahedral and rod-shaped viruses have been well studied and exploited in the development of smart hybrid nanoparticles. However, the potential of CPs of the wide-spread flexuous filamentous plant viruses remains to be explored. Here, we show that we can control the shape, size, RNA encapsidation ability, symmetry, stability and surface functionalization of nanoparticles through structure-based design of CP from potato virus Y (PVY). We provide high-resolution insight into CP-based self-assemblies, ranging from large polymorphic or monomorphic filaments to smaller annular, cubic or spherical particles. Furthermore, we show that we can prevent CP self-assembly in bacteria by fusion with a cleavable protein, enabling controlled nanoparticle formation in vitro. Understanding the remarkable structural diversity of PVY CP not only provides possibilities for the production of biodegradable nanoparticles, but may also advance future studies of CP’s polymorphism in a biological context.
Strategy of stacking double absorbers to gain high efficiency in silver antimony sulfide selenide-based thin film solar cell
Authors: Li Haoyang , Tang Hua , Yu Junsheng , Cheng Jiang , Li Lu 
Published: January 2024

A double absorber solar cell based on AgSb(S,Se)2 is designed. Films are prepared by spray pyrolysis; a gradient band structure is obtained by selenization. The grains of the two absorption layers intersperse with each other at their interface to form a transition zone. A PCE of 3.57% is attained.
A novel bidirectional DC–DC converter with high voltage conversion ratio and capability of cancelling input current ripple
Authors: Farajzadeh Kazem , Mohammadian Leila , Shahmohammadi Sima , Abedinzadeh Taher 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel bidirectional DC–DC converter with high voltage conversion ratio and capability of cancelling input current ripple. The proposed converter uses two coupled inductors and switched‐capacitor circuit to increase the voltage conversion ratio. The input current ripple at low voltage side can be eliminated for a pre‐selected duty cycle by adjusting special values of magnetizing inductances of coupled inductors. The input current is divided into two paths of the primary winding of coupled inductors that causes the decrease in the current stresses of switches. The proposed converter has five switches that consist the internal diodes of switches to bring about bidirectional power flow and have boost and buck operations. Here, the proposed topology is analysed in all operating modes and the current and voltage stresses of switches, input current ripple cancelling condition and voltage conversion ratio are calculated. Finally, the accuracy performance of the proposed converter is reconfirmed through EMTDC/PSCAD simulation and experimental results for boost operations.
Palliative Urologische Chirurgie des metastasierten Prostatakarzinoms: was müssen wir zukünftig berücksichtigen?
Authors: Heidenreich Axel , Bach Christian , Pfister David 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die kombinierte Androgendeprivation mit einem neuen Androgenrezeptor-Biosyntheseinhibitor, dem Zytostatikum Docetaxel oder der Kombination mit Abirateron/Prednison plus Docetaxel bzw. Darolutamid plus Docetaxel stellen die Therapie der Wahl des metastasierten hormonsensitiven Prostatakarzinoms (mHSPC) dar. Trotz des meist guten Ansprechens hat diese Therapie nur einen palliativen Charakter und führt unweigerlich nach durchschnittlich 2,5–4 Jahren zur Entwicklung eines kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinoms (CRPC). In diesem Fall stehen neben der klassischen taxanbasierten Chemotherapie, die sekundäre Hormonablation, die Radionuklidtherapie mit Radium 223 oder 177Lu-PSMA als neuere Therapieverfahren zur Verfügung. Aufgrund der dadurch – je nach Therapieansprechen – verlängerten Überlebenszeit gewinnen behandlungswürdige Komplikationen durch das lokal progrediente CRPC, Lokalrezidive oder pelvine Lymphknotenmetastasen zunehmend an Bedeutung.

Treten Komplikationen des unteren Harntrakts wie rezidivierende transfusionspflichtige Makrohämaturien mit oder ohne Blasentamponade, eine subvesikale Obstruktion mit der Notwendigkeit einer Harnableitung oder rektourethrale/rektovesikale Fisteln auf, stehen als palliative chirurgische Therapieoptionen die palliative TUR-P, die radikale (Zysto-)Prostatektomie mit entsprechender Harnableitung sowie die posteriore Exenteration bei rektaler Infiltration zur Verfügung. Bei Harnstauungsnieren aufgrund einer supravesikalen Obstruktion stehen je nach Erlebenserwartung und Allgemeinzustand des Patienten die Anlage einer endoluminalen Ureterschiene oder perkutanen Nephrostomie sowie chirurgisch rekonstruktive Maßnahmen wie die Ureterneuimplantation, Ureter-Ileum-Interponat oder Implantation eines Detour-Systems als Therapieoptionen zur Verfügung.

Letztlich stellt die palliative Tumorchirurgie ein individuelles Therapiekonzept dar, welches bei sorgfältiger Patientenselektion und adäquater chirurgischer Expertise zu einer Verbesserung der Lebensqualität und lokalen Tumorkontrolle führen kann.
Biological Activity of a Coumarin Derivative on Heart Failure Using
an Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Model
Authors: Figueroa-Valverde Lauro , Rosas-Nexticapa Marcela , Alvarez-Ramirez Magdalena , Melgarejo-Gutiérrez Montserrat , Mateu-Armand Virginia , Garcimarrero-Espino Alejandra 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHeart failure is a health problem worldwide. There are some drugs for it,
including digoxin, spironolactone, captopril, and valsartan, but some of these
drugs can produce secondary effects, such as arrhythmia, cough, hyperkalemia,
hyponatremia and hypotension. The aim of this research was to evaluate the
biological activity of coumarin (2H-chromen-2-one) and its derivatives
(3BrAcet-C, 3–4Br-Ph-C, 4-CN-7D-C, 4-Me-7-Ph-C and 6Br-3-D-C) against
ischemia/reperfusion injury as a therapeutic alternative for heart
failure. In addition, the biological activity of the coumarin derivative
4-Me-7-Ph-C on left ventricular pressure (LVP) was determined in the absence or
presence of ouabain and nifedipine at a dose of 1 nM using an isolated
rat heart model. The results showed that i) the coumarin derivative
4-Me-7-Ph-C significantly decreased the infarct area
(p+=+0.05) compared with 3BrAcet-C,
3–4Br-Ph-C, 4-CN-7D-C, and 6Br-3-D-C; and ii) 4-Me-7-Ph-C
increased LVP in a dose-dependent manner, which effect was inhibited by
nifedipine. These data suggest that coumarin 4-Me-7-Ph-C may act as a
type-L calcium channel activator, so it could be a good agent to
treat heart failure.