bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-Reported Outcomes: Comparing Functional Avoidance and Standard Thoracic Radiation Therapy in Lung Cancer
Authors: Poiset Spencer J. , Lombardo Joseph , Castillo Edward , Castillo Richard , Jones Bernard , Miften Moyed , Kavanagh Brian , Dicker Adam P. , Boyle Cullen , Simone Nicole L. , Movsas Benjamin , Grills Inga , Rusthoven Chad G. , Vinogradskiy Yevgeniy , Wilson Lydia 
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE
Novel methods generate functional images using image processing techniques combined with four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) data (4DCT-ventilation). 4DCT-ventilation was implemented in a phase II, multicenter functional avoidance clinical trial. The work compares functional avoidance patient-reported outcomes (PROs) against historical standards.

METHODS
Patients with locally advanced lung cancer undergoing curative-intent chemoradiation were accrued. 4DCT-ventilation imaging was generated and functional avoidance treatment plans created reduced dose to functional lung. PRO instruments included Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Lung questionnaire and accompanying subscales (including the Trial Outcome Index [TOI]), EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D), and EQ-Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS). The average change from baseline and percentage of clinically meaningful declines were calculated. We compared results against PROs from RTOG 0617 and PACIFIC trial data using Student t-tests and chi-square tests.

RESULTS

Fifty-nine patients completed baseline PRO surveys. The median age was 65 (44-86) years, non–small cell lung cancer comprised 83%, and median dose was 60 Gy in 30 fractions. The percent of patients with clinically meaningful decline in FACT-TOI at 12 months was 47.8% for RTOG 0617% and 26.8% for functional avoidance (
P
= .03). The functional avoidance cohort demonstrated a significantly (
P
= .012) higher change in EQ-VAS score at 12 months (9.9 ± 3.3; average ± SE) compared with the PACIFIC cohort (1.6 ± 0.6).

CONCLUSION
The current work demonstrates improved PROs from a phase II functional avoidance trial in certain subscales (FACT-TOI and EQ-VAS) compared with PROs from seminal studies (RTOG 0617 and PACIFIC). The presented data support investigation of 4DCT functional avoidance in a phase III setting.
Development of a Dermal Nanoemulsion with Antioxidants Derived from Rice Residues Using an HLD Theory Approach
Authors: Vargas-Escobar Paola , Quintero-Rincón Patricia , Flórez-Acosta Oscar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Agricultural waste, such as rice straw, has become increasingly valuable as biocomposites in various industries. For cosmetic and pharmaceutical sectors, these biocomposites have improved active substance incorporation and waste reduction, which is pivotal for mitigating environmental impact. This study reports the encapsulation of a protein derivative derived from rice straw within a nanoemulsion for skin care applications, emphasizing stability and efficacy. Protein hydrolysates were produced by extracting proteins in an alkaline medium, followed by precipitation at the isoelectric point. The hydrolysates were enzymatically treated with Alcalase® at 80 °C and pH 10 for 45 min to generate antioxidant-rich formulations. Utilizing Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Deviation (HLD) theory, oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions were formulated by adjusting variables to achieve an HLD near zero. Sunflower oil and surfactants were combined, stirred at 70 °C, and homogenized using a rotor–stator. The final formulation's stability and permeability were evaluated through fluorescence microscopy, particle size analysis, zeta potential measurements, and accelerated stability assays. Nanoemulsion ENE37 showed high stability with 47.25 nm size, PDI 0.21, and excellent dispersion, maintaining integrity without phase separation. Hydrolyzed protein into ENE37 (NE37-HP) improved stability, increasing zeta potential and preventing aggregation while maintaining structure without phase inversion. NE37-HP exhibited shear-thinning behavior and good diffusion capacity, achieving 20.14 μg/cm2.h. The HLD theory and ternary diagrams are valuable methodological tools for formulating stable nanoscale emulsions. Additionally, this dosage form, containing protein hydrolysates derived from rice straw, demonstrated potential for adequate dermal absorption in humans.

Graphical Abstract
Sex Differences in the Association Between Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Jiang Lanxuan , Zhou Liyuan , Liu Jia , Wang Ying , Wang Guang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The relationship between thyroid hormone sensitivity and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity and the early-stage of CKM syndrome, with a specific focus on the moderating effects of sex and age.

Methods
A total of 8391 euthyroid participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Data on metabolic parameters and thyroid hormone levels were collected. Thyroid hormone sensitivity indices-thyroid feedback quantile index (TFQI), thyroid-stimulating hormone index (TSHI), thyrotrophic thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI), and free T3 to free T4 ratio were calculated. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline regression (RCS) were used to analyze the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity and stage 2 of CKM syndrome stratified by sex and age.

Results
In men, the higher TFQI, TSHI, and TT4RI values were significantly associated with increased risks of stage 2 of CKM syndrome. In women, these associations were weaker but still present, particularly for TSHI. RCS analysis also showed that the risk of CKM syndrome tended to increase with decreasing thyroid hormone sensitivity in men. However, these associations in women were not as significant as in men. Age-stratified analysis revealed that older men (&gt;50 years) showed a stronger correlation between thyroid hormone sensitivity and CKM syndrome compared to women.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity was significantly associated with the early-stage of CKM syndrome, particularly in older men. These findings provide the evidence of the importance of thyroid hormone sensitivity in CKM syndrome, especially in men over the age of 50.
Cognitive Risk Stratification Score in Middle-aged and Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Jinghua , Tam Wilson Wai San , Lu Jinhua , Chen Junjie , Kusuyama Joji , Dong Yanhong , Yap Xin Yi , Zhou Wentao , Wang Na , Yeo Hui Nan , Lee Frena Jia Sy , Wu Vivien Xi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context
Cognitive impairment (CI) affects approximately 45% of middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) globally. Although formal comprehensive neuropsychological tests are the gold standard for diagnosing CI, they are often time-intensive and may not be feasible in primary care.

Objective
This study aimed to develop and validate a novel risk stratification score (RSS) to rapidly and comprehensively predict CI risk among middle-aged and older adults with T2DM, offering a streamlined alternative in clinical practice.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2023 to February 2024 in a primary care polyclinic in Singapore's western region. Participants aged between 40 and 85 diagnosed with T2DM (n = 150) were included in a convenience sampling. The primary outcome was CI status, which was assessed using formal neuropsychological tests, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Results
CI was identified in 49.3% of participants (n = 74). The RSS, incorporating the MoCA, diastolic blood pressure, and Short Physical Performance Battery, demonstrated excellent discrimination, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.802 (P &lt; .001). With an optimal cutoff of 0.3, the model showed a sensitivity of 63.5% and specificity of 86.8%, effectively differentiating high- and low-risk CI groups.

Conclusion
RSS in clinical practice, exemplified by the Integrated Metabolic Cognitive Risk Stratification Pathway, is a promising tool for rapid CI risk assessment in primary care. Its robust predictive accuracy and ease of use support its application for early intervention in middle-aged and older adults with T2DM. Future studies should validate its use longitudinally and across diverse populations to enhance generalizability.
The Skin as a Window to Diabetes Mellitus: Manifestations, Complications and Clinical Insights
Authors: Kutaj Aleksandra , Adamowicz Zuzanna 
Published: February 2025

Introduction and purpose
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease with a growing global prevalence, affecting 8.3% of adults, with a significant proportion remaining undiagnosed. The condition impacts multiple organ systems, including the skin, where manifestations often represent the earliest and most visible signs of metabolic dysregulation. Skin changes associated with DM, such as acanthosis nigricans, xerosis, diabetic dermopathy and necrobiosis lipoidica, not only highlight underlying metabolic disturbances but also provide valuable non-invasive tools for monitoring glycemic control and disease progression.

Material and methods
This study is based on a comprehensive review of recent literature focusing on the skin manifestations and clinical implications of diabetes mellitus -related skin changes.
Description of the State of KnowledgeHyperglycemia disrupts normal cellular processes in the skin, leading to impaired wound healing, increased oxidative stress, and inflammation. These pathological changes contribute to various dermatological symptoms, including xerosis, pruritus, erythema, and fibrosis. Skin changes, such as diabetic dermopathy, necrobiosis lipoidica, and recurrent fungal infections, are not only indicators of DM but also reflect glycemic control and disease severity. These manifestations can signal undiagnosed diabetes or poorly controlled blood glucose levels, offering a non-invasive method for disease monitoring.
ConclusionsSkin manifestations are vital diagnostic tools in diabetes care, providing early indications of metabolic imbalances and poor glycemic control. Their presence underscores the need for timely interventions, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological treatments, and patient education. Dermatological assessments, particularly in resource-limited settings, offer an accessible approach to monitoring therapy effectiveness and predicting complications.
Machine learning in shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Schneller Tim , Kraus Moritz , Schätz Jan , Moroder Philipp , Scheibel Markus , Lazaridou Asimina 
Published: February 2025

AimsMachine learning (ML) holds significant promise in optimizing various aspects of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), potentially improving patient outcomes and enhancing surgical decision-making. The aim of this systematic review was to identify ML algorithms and evaluate their effectiveness, including those for predicting clinical outcomes and those used in image analysis.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases for studies applying ML algorithms in TSA. The analysis focused on dataset characteristics, relevant subspecialties, specific ML algorithms used, and their performance outcomes.ResultsFollowing the final screening process, 25 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria for our review. Of these, 60% focused on tabular data while the remaining 40% analyzed image data. Among them, 16 studies were dedicated to developing new models and nine used transfer learning to leverage existing pretrained models. Additionally, three of these models underwent external validation to confirm their reliability and effectiveness.ConclusionML algorithms used in TSA demonstrated fair to good performance, as evidenced by the reported metrics. Integrating these models into daily clinical practice could revolutionize TSA, enhancing both surgical precision and patient outcome predictions. Despite their potential, the lack of transparency and generalizability in many current models poses a significant challenge, limiting their clinical utility. Future research should prioritize addressing these limitations to truly propel the field forward and maximize the benefits of ML in enhancing patient care.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2025;6(2):126–134.
Absorption measurements of optical coatings at 1.1 and 1.5  µm with lock-in thermography and an associated thermal model
Authors: Soulier Mathias , Krol Hélène , Lumeau Julien , Gallais Laurent 
Published: February 2025

To address the increasing demands of high-power laser applications, this paper investigates absorption phenomena in optical components and the photo-induced effects influencing the optical response of thin film stacks. A lock-in thermography (LIT) setup was developed to enable precise, non-destructive, and non-contact absorption measurements. By utilizing modulated high-power lasers operating at 1080 and 1557 nm, the setup induces heating in the coating stacks, with the resulting surface temperature rise captured by a thermal camera. This technique enables measurement sensitivity down to 0.1 ppm. Complementary to the experimental setup, a finite element model (FEM) was established to simulate the thermal behavior during LIT acquisitions, providing insights into the influence of critical physical parameters and aiding the calibration process through sensitivity analysis. Comparative absorption measurements of single-layer and multilayer dielectric stacks were performed at both wavelengths. Furthermore, a numerical model based on complex admittance computations was developed to estimate the absorption in thin film stacks. This integrated experimental and numerical approach enhances the understanding of absorption mechanisms, offering a significant step forward in characterizing and optimizing optical coatings for high-power laser systems.
Alcohol consumption associated with suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in substance users: A cross-sectional study of an addiction registry in western Iran
Authors: Farnia Vahid , Mohebian Mahsa , Davarinejad Omran , A. Hien Denise , Salemi Safora , Hookari Sara , Bajoghli Hafez , Rahami Bahareh 
Published: February 2025

Background
Suicide is recognized as a major problem worldwide and is particularly prevalent among specific groups, including individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs). The present study aimed to investigate alcohol consumption as a risk factor for suicidal ideation and attempts among those with substance use disorders (SUDs) in western Iran.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study, involving 1,112 individuals with SUDs who sought treatment at Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran, between the years 2019 and 2021. These participants were included in the study through a convenient sampling method as part of an interview-based assessment study.

Results
The participant’s average age was 37.97 years, and 982 were male (94.7%). Overall, 285 (27.5%) individuals had a history of suicide attempts, 316 (30.5%) individuals reported suicidal ideation, and 463 (41.6%) were alcohol users. In individuals who consumed alcohol, the prevalence of suicidal ideation (172 (37.2%) individuals), and a history of suicide attempts (156 (33.8%) individuals) was significantly higher compared to non-alcohol users. There was a statistically significant relationship between alcohol consumption and a history of suicide attempts (p < 0.05). The probability of suicide attempted in people with a history of alcohol consumption was 1.5 times, and in patients with a history of simultaneous substance use, it was 1.4 times that of other patients (all Ps < 0.05).

Conclusion
Our study results revealed that alcohol consumption among individuals with SUDs is associated with increased rates of suicidal ideation, attempts, and death. Therefore, clinicians should consider it as a separate suicide risk factor.
Evaluation of Introductory Environmental Chemistry Course for Prospective Chemistry Teachers Using Context, Input and Process Models
Authors: Widyaningsih Mia , Nahadi N , Mudzakir Ahmad , Sriyati Siti , Khoerunnisa Fitri 
Published: February 2025

This study aims to evaluate the learning programme of the Introduction to Environmental Chemistry course of the Chemistry Education study programme in one of the public universities in Bandung City. This study needs to be evaluated and improved because there are still aspects that are not in accordance with 21st century learning as evidenced by document analysis and learning observations. The method used is a qualitative approach and the CIPP (Context, input, process, Product) evaluation model as a tool to evaluate and improve the lecture programme which focuses on the Context aspect in the form of document analysis of the Semester Learning Plan (SLP), the Input aspect in the form of lecturer interviews and the Process aspect in the form of learning observations. The results obtained from the analysis show that there are several findings that need to be evaluated due to the incompatibility of aspects in the SLP document update such as administrative completeness, the General Skills Aspect (GSA) 1 listed is not in accordance with the Context of Learning Outcomes (CLOs), based on interviews with teaching lecturers it is stated that problem-based learning (PBL) with the context of validated environmental issues in relevant theoretical content and in the aspect of the learning observation process it was found that there were aspects of learning practices that were not in accordance with the SLP document reference. The evaluation also highlighted the importance of updating and adjusting learning media to be more interactive and relevant to the context of environmental issues. The assessment of the last three years shows the potential to further develop programmes can to improve students' higher order thinking skills
Every Mapping Project Needs a Fire Keeper: Lessons from the Kanehsatà:ke Land Defense Mapping project.
Authors: Denieul-Pinsky Léa 
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the critical yet often overlooked aspect of maintenance in decolonial and Indigenous mapping projects. Indigenous communities across Canada have developed alliances with university researchers to develop mapping projects that communicate their relationships to land to outsiders. However, without ongoing maintenance and care, maps can deteriorate or be repurposed in ways that can be harmful to Indigenous communities. I introduce the “fire keeper” as a person or group of people tasked with maintenance, care, and responsibility for the life cycle of maps incorporating Indigenous data. Using the Kanehsatà:ke Land Defense mapping project developed with a Kanehsatakeró:non Land Defender as a case study, I describe how the role of the fire keeper facilitated the adaptation and evolution of the map in response to the Land Defender’s changing objectives. Maintaining the Kanehsatà:ke Land Defense mapping project became an exploration of options rather than a rush to deliver an output. Based on a series of four semi-structured interviews that I conducted with (1) a campaigner, (2) a digital media strategist, (3) university students, and (4) a Québécois history enthusiast, the Land Defender was able to make strategic decisions about how the Kanehsatà:ke Land Defense mapping project should be deployed and which objectives and audiences, if any, would best support the reclamation of Kanehsatakeró:non lands while also protecting their geospatial and archival intellectual property. The paper concludes by encouraging mapmakers to dedicate more time, energy, and resources to map maintenance than they currently do.
Integrated nutrient management improves yield, quality and nutrient uptake of baby corn under sub-tropical condition
Authors: Mohammed Hossain Sarker , Sinthia Afsana Kheya , Farhana Zaman , Shams Shaila Islam , Md. Abdul Kader , AFM Shamim Ahsan , Ahmed Khairul Hasan 
Published: February 2025

A consistent supply of nutrients is critical for reaching optimum quality and output in baby corn. To address this issue, we looked at how integrated nitrogen management affected baby corn growth, productivity, quality, and nutrient absorption. Seven different fertilizer combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers were administered on three varieties viz., Baby Star, Dream Sweet-3, and MSC No. 001. The study was replicated three times using a split-plot design. Integration of Baby Star variety and 75% recommended dose of chemical fertilizer (RD) + cow dung (CD) @ 10 t ha-1 outperformed all the combinations in terms of plant height, leaf area index, total dry matter, and crop growth rate. This combination took a minimum of days to tasseling and silking. Compared to the solo application of inorganic fertilizer, Baby Star showed a 34% increase in cob yield with husk and a 32% rise in cob yield without husk at 75% RD + CD @ 10 t ha-1. The greatest levels of protein and starch were detected in Baby Star with 75% RD + cow dung at 10 t ha-1, however, the highest levels of total soluble solid (TSS) were found in Dream Sweet-3 with 75% RD + CD @ 10 t ha-1. Baby Star variety also had more N, P, K, and S content at 75% RD + CD @ 10 t ha-1 fertilizer level. Finally, it can be inferred that the Baby Star with 50% RD + CD @ 10 t ha-1 performed better and seemed to be the potential method for sustainable baby corn production.
Improved glucose handling in female rat offspring of a hypertensive pregnancy with intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Cedars Melissa A. , Root Kate M. , Akhaphong Brian , Beetch Megan , Miles Abigail E. , Regal Ronald R. , Alejandro Emilyn U. , Regal Jean F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHypertensive disorders of pregnancy, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and reduced pancreatic β‐cell area increases risk of offspring developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our previous studies using rat reduced uteroplacental perfusion pressure (RUPP) model of gestational hypertension and IUGR demonstrated reduced pancreatic β‐cell area in offspring at embryonic day 19 and postnatal day 13 (PD13). We hypothesized reduced β‐cell area early in life would manifest as hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance as animals aged. However, glucose intolerance did not differ in RUPP versus control offspring to 1 year of life, whether intraperitoneal or oral glucose challenge. At PD28, female RUPP offspring show normalized β‐cell area compared to controls and improved ability to clear glucose following oral challenge. Oral glucose challenge results in significant increase in incretin GLP‐1 in RUPP female offspring compared to control. Insulin tolerance did not differ amongst control and RUPP offspring, except at PD28 where insulin reduced blood glucose more effectively in RUPP female offspring versus control. Insulin‐induced vasodilation in isolated aorta and insulin signaling in fat are more pronounced in RUPP PD28 female offspring versus control. Thus, our studies demonstrate compensatory mechanisms protect IUGR offspring of a hypertensive pregnancy from long‐term metabolic effects and development of T2D.