bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photophysical Analysis of Aggregation‐Induced Emission (AIE) Luminogens Based on Triphenylamine and Thiophene: Insights into Emission Behavior in Solution and PMMA Films
Authors: Segura Camilo , Ormazabal‐Toledo Rodrigo , García‐Beltrán Olimpo , Squeo Benedetta M. , Bachmann Cristian , Flores Catalina , Osorio‐Román Igor O. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAggregation‐Induced Emission (AIE) luminogens have garnered significant interest due to their distinctive applications in different applications. Among the diverse molecular architectures, those based on triphenylamine and thiophene hold prominence. However, a comprehensive understanding of the deactivation mechanism both in solution and films remains lacking. In this study, we synthesized and characterized spectroscopically two AIE luminogens: 5‐(4‐(bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)thiophene‐2‐carbaldehyde (TTY) and 5′‐(4‐(bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)‐[2,2′‐bithiophene]‐5‐carbaldehyde (TTO). Photophysical and theoretical analyses were conducted in both solution and PMMA films to understand the deactivation mechanism of TTY and TTO. In diluted solutions, the emission behavior of TTY and TTO is influenced by the solvent, and the deactivation of the excited state can occur via locally excited (LE) or twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) state. In PMMA films, rotational and translational movements are constrained, necessitating emission solely from the LE state. Nevertheless, in the PMMA film, excimers‐like structures form, resulting in the emergence of a longer wavelength band and a reduction in emission intensity. The zenith of emission intensity occurs when molecules are dispersed at higher concentrations within PMMA, effectively diminishing the likelihood of excimer‐like formations. Luminescent Solar Concentrators (LSC) were fabricated to validate these findings, and the optical efficiency was studied at varying concentrations of luminogen and PMMA.
Controlled Synthesis of Metal‐Nanoparticles Decorated Block Copolymer Hybrid Particles via Emulsion Confined Self‐assembly and Their Catalytic Applications
Authors: Chang Xiaohua , Yu Qunli , Ji Dan , Zhu Yutian 
Published: December 2023

Comprehensive SummaryMetal nanoparticles (NPs) decorated block copolymer (BCP) hybrid nanoparticles have attracted enormous attention for their actual value in catalysis, medical therapy, and bioengineering. The confined assembly of BCPs within evaporative emulsion droplet is verified as an effective method to provide polymeric scaffolds to load metal NPs. However, to date, it remains challenging to generate different types of metal NPs decorated BCP hybrid nanoparticles. Herein, we employed the emulsion confined self‐assembly of poly(styrene‐b‐ 2‐vinylpyridine) (PS‐b‐P2VP) and the followed seed‐mediated growth of Au and palladium (Pd) NPs onto well‐defined BCP particles to design a series of Au/Pd decorated BCP hybrid nanoparticles, which exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol to 4‐aminophenol with the reductant of NaBH4. This work may inspire more researchers to investigate the selective decoration of different metal NPs onto the polymeric scaffolds, broadening the potential applications of the inorganic/organic hybrid nanoparticles.
Directional Growth of Bi2WO6 with Highly Exposed Facets on 2D‐Co3O4 for different Properties under two Light Sources
Authors: He Junguo , Cui Xinxin , Jiang Weixun , Liu Yunlong , Zhao Yunyi , Chu Zhaorui , Ruan Xian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA composite of two or more materials usually results in enhanced specific properties. In this paper, a kind of composite material composed of Bi2WO6 with highly exposed {010} facets and 2D‐Co3O4 was prepared by a one‐pot reaction and then applied to decontaminate hydrocortisone in wastewater. The Bi2WO6/Co3O4 composite possessed a rose‐like surface microtopography self‐assembled from Bi2WO6 and Co3O4 nanosheets. The micro‐interface analysis showed that {110} facets of Co3O4 and {010} facets of Bi2WO6 were glued in situ and formed heterojunction. Additionally, the removal ability of hydrocortisone through Bi2WO6/Co3O4 varied under different light sources, which was 85.0 % under ultraviolet light and 97.3 % under visible light within 60 min. It was considered that Bi2WO6/Co3O4 was similar to a traditional heterojunction and the major reactive species was H2O2 under ultraviolet light, while it played a role as a Z‐scheme photocatalyst and the major reactive species was ⋅OH under visible light. Finally, product analysis of hydrocortisone demonstrated that the dexter chain broke whatever under ultraviolet or visible light, but the breakage of parent nucleus appeared only under visible light. This research revealed the enhanced catalytic properties of p‐n heterojunction catalysts and indicated the specifically exposed facets are promising for organic contaminants in water.
Tunable Polymer Micelles as Template Directing Growth of MOFs Crystals in Surfactant‐Free Emulsion to Fabricate Chitosan‐Based Copolymer/ZIF‐8 Nanostructure
Authors: Zhao Xiaozhu , Li Zongxin , Guo Fengchuan , He Naipu , Li Wen , Zhao Xuerui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn amphiphilic chitosan‐g‐poly N‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide (CS‐g‐PDMAPMA, CSP) was proposed and synthesized by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT), and further employed as emulsifier to construct a surfactant‐free emulsion. The morphology of micelles in surfactant‐free emulsion was regulated by adjusting the oil‐water ratio and concentration of amphiphilic copolymer. Subsequently, polymer micelles served as templates to direct the assembly of ZIF‐8 crystals in the surfactant‐free emulsion to fabricate polymer/ZIF‐8 composite materials (ZIF‐8@CSP) with various structures. Specifically, ZIF‐8@CSP with various architectures such as spheres, rods, cubes, leaf‐shaped flakes, cross‐flowers and wrinkled cubes were obtained by varying the concentration of CSP, the addition sequence of ZIF‐8 precursors and the ratio of oil‐water.
Adaptive active and reactive power control strategy for virtual synchronous generator
Authors: Behera Sameer Kumar , Panda Anup Kumar , Naik N. Venkataramana 
Published: December 2023

SummaryWith the increase in the penetration level of renewables into the grid, the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) concept has emerged as an attractive solution for controlling grid‐tied inverters. The variation in reactive power also affects the real power of the system as well. To address the voltage variations and phase angle variations occurring because of the energy storage elements, the control of the reactive power loop (RPL) is important. Also, it is used to maintain voltage regulation and improve the power factor of the VSG system. This paper focuses on the damping of oscillations occurring because of load variation by proper adjustment of the rotational inertia, damping coefficient, droop coefficient, and regulatory coefficient of reactive power with a proposed adaptive control strategy. Small‐signal analysis of the active and reactive power and point of common coupling (PCC) have been derived, and the detailed dynamic performances are analyzed. The influences of parameters perturbation on PCC voltage and reactive power were investigated. Furthermore, adaptive control includes optimizing dynamic indexes such as rise time, delay time, and response settling time. Finally, the performance and improvement in the results of VSG with and without adaptive control are compared.
Somatostatin affects GnRH neuronal development and migration and stimulates olfactory‐related fiber fasciculation
Authors: Murakami Shizuko , Ohki‐Hamazaki Hiroko , Uchiyama Yasuo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransient expression of somatostatin (SST) has been observed in the olfactory epithelium (OE) and nerves of chick embryos. Intense expression of SST in these regions on embryonic days (E) 5–8 coincides with the migration of neurons producing gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) from the OE to the forebrain (FB), suggesting that SST plays a role in the development of GnRH neurons. Using in ovo electroporation of small interfering RNA, we found that the suppression of SST mRNA in the olfactory placode (OP) of E3.5 chick embryos significantly reduced the number of GnRH and Islet‐1‐immunoreactive neurons in the nasal region without affecting the entry of GnRH neurons into the FB at E5.5–6. SST knockdown did not lead to changes in the number of apoptotic, proliferating, or HuC/D‐positive neuronal cells in the OE; therefore, it is possible that SST is involved in the neurogenesis/differentiation of GnRH neurons and OP‐derived GnRH‐negative migratory neurons. In whole OP explant cultures, we also found that SST or its analog octreotide treatment significantly increased the number of migratory GnRH neurons and the migratory distance from the explants. The co‐application of an SST antagonist blocked the octreotide‐induced increase in the number of GnRH neurons. Furthermore, the fasciculation of polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule‐immunoreactive fibers emerging from the explants was dependent on octreotide. Taken together, our results provide evidence that SST exerts facilitatory effects on the development of neurons expressing GnRH or Islet‐1 and on GnRH neuronal migration, in addition to olfactory‐related fiber fasciculation.
Synthesis of Unsymmetrically Substituted [5]Helicenes by Tandem Arylation of Binaphthyl by Suzuki Coupling and C−H Activation
Authors: Bulko Filip , Filo Juraj , Cigáň Marek , Putala Martin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report a step‐efficient approach for the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted naphtho[1,2‐g]chrysenes by tandem arylation of 2,2’‐diiodo‐1,1’‐binaphthyl with arylboronic acids, which proceeds through Suzuki coupling followed by intramolecular arylation by C−H activation. Substrate screening examining over 30 meta‐ and/or para‐substituted arylboronic acids showed that this approach provides the desired helicene products most effectively if arylboronic acids have a small acidifying group at the meta‐position. In the case of unsymmetrically substituted arylboronic acids, the regioselectivity of C−H activation is directed by the attached group(s), its effect on the C−H acidity of the adjacent position, its coordination ability, as well as steric hindrance. Interestingly, selected [5]helicenes exhibited attractive deep blue emission with fluorescence lifetimes slightly exceeding 10 ns.
Photo‐thermo‐electric hydrogel with interlocking photothermal layer and hydrogel for enhancement of thermopower generation
Authors: Shen Jingjie , Yang Chenhui , Ma Yanli , Cao Mengnan , Gao Zifa , Wang Shuo , Li Jian , Liu Shouxin , Chen Zhijun , Li Shujun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhotothermal devices and thermoelectric cells hold great promise for energy generation but integration of the two remains a considerable challenge in real‐life power supply for sensors. Here, a novel photo‐thermo‐electric hydrogel (PTEH‐Interlocking) was constructed by the synthesis of a photothermal layer on a thermoelectric hydrogel with the redox pair Fe(CN)63−/Fe(CN)64−. The smart design of using the oxidation of pyrogallic acid by Fe(CN)63− to construct the photothermal layer for photo‐to‐heat conversion protected the redox couple of the thermogalvanic ion pair from ultraviolet damage, as well as triggered the formation of an interlocking structure at the interface of the photothermal layer and the thermoelectric hydrogel. The as‐prepared PTEH‐Interlocking has shown a high Seebeck coefficient and rapid heat transfer, boosting the photo‐thermo‐electric conversion. As a demonstration of a practical application, the PTEH‐Interlocking cells are successfully used as the energy supply for a mechanical sensor.image
The role of self‐reliance and denial in the help‐seeking process for eating disorders among university students
Authors: Fabry Esme , Fassnacht Daniel B. , Ford Rachael , Burns Nicholas R. , O'Shea Anne E. , Ali Kathina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated how self‐reliance and denial influence the relationship between help‐seeking attitudes and behaviour.MethodAustralian university students (N = 406) completed an online survey and females with elevated eating disorder (ED) concerns and high impairment were included in the study (N = 137). Participants completed measures of help‐seeking attitudes, perceived barriers, and actual help‐seeking behaviour. Via moderated logistic regression, we examined self‐reliance and denial as perceived barriers to help‐seeking.ResultsOf the total sample, over 33.7% of university students reported substantial ED concerns and impairment of whom 65.0% believed they needed help. While a majority reported that help‐seeking would be useful (85.4%), only a minority of participants had sought professional help for their concerns (38.7%). Self‐reliance and denial were frequently endorsed barriers and moderated the relationship between help‐seeking attitudes and behaviours.ConclusionED concerns are common among university students and perceived barriers play a moderating role between attitudes and help‐seeking. Future prevention and early intervention programs should address students' denial, while the importance of reaching out for professional help (rather than relying on themselves) could be highlighted with peer support.
Ready to learn from your students? Chinese undergraduate students' experiences of informal reverse mentoring
Authors: Hu Yanjuan , Zhou Zixi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study explores the potential of reverse mentoring as a way to renew the student–supervisor relationship in the Chinese higher education setting. We interviewed 17 Chinese undergraduates who engaged in informal reverse mentoring with their supervisors while working on undergraduate research projects. The findings reveal the existence of informal reverse mentoring dynamics between Chinese undergraduate students and their supervisors in three specific areas: (1) students provide fresh perspectives and expand their supervisors' ideas; (2) students actively introduce new research tools and techniques to their supervisors; and (3) students challenge their supervisors' viewpoints, including identifying their mistakes. Our study also shows that informal reverse mentoring benefits supervisors primarily through enhanced professional development and benefits students through increased sense of fulfillment, self‐confidence, and engagement. The analysis further identifies several personal and contextual factors that influence the practice of informal reverse mentoring. We also discuss the potential of (informal) reverse mentoring as a tool for intergenerational learning and the key role of the supervisor as a change agent to innovate their interaction style with Generation Z students.
The association between counselor ratings of working alliance and in‐session empathy among sex offender counselors
Authors: Carrola Paul A. , Johnson David A. , Santana Michelle , Gromulska Zuzanna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFactors such as the therapeutic relationship and working alliance have been shown to be important predictors for client outcomes in broad counseling settings with diverse client populations. The present study used linear multiple regression analysis to explore how relational factors such as in‐session empathy and mindfulness impact working alliance when providing sex offender counseling. Results from sex offender counselor participants (N = 109) showed that the perspective taking aspect of empathy was most impactful on working alliance and that in‐session mindfulness was less impactful on working alliance.
Magnetic field‐aligned proton exchange membranes: A review of progress and challenges in the fuel cell applications
Authors: Sean Nor Arbani , Nur Hadi , Abdul Razak Fazira Ilyana , Dasna I. Wayan , Md Yusop Abdul Hakim 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe well‐aligned proton exchange membrane (PEM) developed through magnetic field treatment has had a significant impact on the chemistry community related to fuel cell technologies. This is because it possesses advanced proton transport properties that can be efficiently utilized in energy storage devices. The aligned membrane boasts exceptional proton conductivity and power density, particularly in hydrogen‐oxygen fuel cell applications, due to its short proton conduction path, low dependency on humidity, and high barrier to gas permeability. These characteristics can enhance the performance of the aligned PEM.MethodsThis review outlines various methods for fabricating aligned membranes using a magnetic field. It summarizes the previous and current research and development aimed at improving the properties of the aligned PEM for fuel cell applications.Significant FindingsSeveral research gaps and challenges in enhancing the performance of magnetic field‐aligned PEM have been identified in this review, suggesting promising avenues for future research.
Palladium‐catalyzed dual C–H activation of N‐phenyl‐1H‐indole‐3‐carboxamides for the synthesis of 5,11‐dihydro‐6H‐indolo[3,2‐c]quinolin‐6‐ones
Authors: Chen Jiun‐Hong , Huang Jiann‐Jyh , Wu Ming‐Jung 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we report a palladium‐catalyzed dual C–H activation of N‐phenyl‐1H‐indole‐3‐carboxamides for the synthesis of 5,11‐dihydro‐6H‐indolo[3,2‐c]quinolin‐6‐ones. The optimal reaction conditions were to use 20 mol % of Pd(TFA)2 as the catalyst, 2.0 equivalents of Cu(OAc)2 as the oxidant, 1.0 equivalent of K3PO4 as the base, and 3.0 equivalents of PivOH as the additive in DMF/dioxane (1: 9). When carried out at 120 °C for 24 h, the reaction could provide nineteen target indoloquinolinones in modest to excellent yields, including the N,N′‐dimethylated and N,N′‐unsubstituted products which are inaccessible by the reported C–H activation methodologies. The dual C–H activation reaction was also applicable to N‐phenyl‐1H‐indole‐2‐carboxamides and formed the corresponding 5,7‐dihydro‐6H‐indolo[2,3‐c]quinolin‐6‐ones. A plausible reaction mechanism based on the data from the control experiments and the literatures was proposed to account for the transformation.
HGF facilitates methylation of MEG3, potentially implicated in vemurafenib resistance in melanoma
Authors: Jia Xiaomin , Feng Hao , He Shan , Chen Xiao , Feng Hao , Chen Mingliang , Hu Xing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMelanoma, a frequently encountered cutaneous malignancy characterized by a poor prognosis, persists in presenting formidable challenges despite the advancement in molecularly targeted drugs designed to improve survival rates significantly. Unfortunately, as more therapeutic choices have developed over time, the gradual emergence of drug resistance has become a notable impediment to the effectiveness of these therapeutic interventions. The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c‐met signaling pathway has attracted considerable attention, associated with drug resistance stemming from multiple potential mutations within the c‐met gene. The activation of the HGF/c‐met pathway operates in an autocrine manner in melanoma. Notably, a key player in the regulatory orchestration of HGF/c‐met activation is the long non‐coding RNA MEG3.MethodsMelanoma tissues were collected to measure MEG3 expression. In vitro validation was performed on MEG3 to prove its oncogenic roles. Bioinformatic analyses were conducted on the TCGA database to build the MEG3‐related score. The immune characteristics and mutation features of the MEG3‐related score were explored.ResultsWe revealed a negative correlation between HGF and MEG3. In melanoma cells, HGF inhibited MEG3 expression by augmenting the methylation of the MEG3 promoter. Significantly, MEG3 exhibits a suppressive impact on the proliferation and migration of melanoma cells, concurrently inhibiting c‐met expression. Moreover, a predictive model centered around MEG3 demonstrates notable efficacy in forecasting critical prognostic indicators, immunological profiles, and mutation statuses among melanoma patients.ConclusionsThe present study highlights the potential of MEG3 as a pivotal regulator of c‐met, establishing it as a promising candidate for targeted drug development in the ongoing pursuit of effective therapeutic interventions.
Relevance, quick hits, and vibe: Features of meaningful teaching and learning during trainee consult interactions
Authors: Rutsky Jessica , Schumacher Daniel , Mallon Daniel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundConsults are increasingly frequent in inpatient pediatric services. Consult interactions between trainees provide a rich opportunity for teaching and learning. What constitutes meaningful teaching interactions with trainees has not been described.ObjectiveExplore how consulting fellows and residents define “meaningful teaching interactions” associated with inpatient consult interactions.MethodsFour focus groups were conducted with 21 pediatric trainees (11 subspecialty fellows and 10 residents) at one institution. Transcriptions were analyzed using thematic analysis to inductively create categories and themes.ResultsFive factors define meaningful teaching interactions: (1) Relevance; (2) Quick Hits; (3) Vibe; (4) Face‐to‐face Interactions; and (5) Timing and Busyness. Meaningful content was described as relevant to current or future patient care. Residents valued content that would enable them to explain the reasoning behind recommendations and think through the next steps. Trainees highlighted brief clinical pearls as superior to longer teaching sessions. The “vibe” between resident and fellow was described as a prerequisite to meaningful teaching and included aspects of interest, receptivity, tone, and attitude. Face‐to‐face interactions were preferred by many trainees, from initial consults to seeing patients or co‐rounding. Timing and workload reflected discordant schedules, including time of day and week, but setting a planned time for teaching was beneficial.ConclusionRelevant, bite‐sized educational content combined with a good vibe and optimal timing creates a context in which consult fellows can foster meaningful teaching opportunities for residents.
Secular stagnation: Is immigration part of the solution?
Authors: Alves José , Morgado Sandro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe review the secular stagnation hypothesis, first postulated by Hansen in 1939, to describe the current macroeconomic dynamics faced by developed economies. We argue that these economies are experiencing secular stagnation and that demographic factors play a significant role in this macroeconomic environment. Using a panel data analysis covering the period 1965–2020 for 15 European Union economies, our paper suggests that immigration should be considered as a potential solution to this problem. Our results show that demographic factors do indeed play a significant role in secular stagnation and that immigration has a positive impact in this macroeconomic context.