bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New species of the genus Salganea (Blattaria, Blaberidae, Panesthiinae) from Myanmar, with molecular phylogenetic analyses and notes on social structure
Authors: MAEKAWA Kiyoto , KON Masahiro , ARAYA Kunio 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA new species of the genus Salganea is described from Mount Victoria, Chin State, Myanmar under the name of Salganea matsumotoi sp. nov. Morphological investigation suggests that this species belongs to the S. nigrita species group. The inferred molecular phylogenetic tree indicates that S. matsumotoi is most closely related to the taxa S. incerta, S. taiwanensis, S. gressiti and S. esakii, distributed in Thailand, Taiwan and Japan, all of which belong to the S. nigrita species group. Social structural data suggest that this species is subsocial, and in contrast to other studied species in the genus, potentially has more than one reproductive episode.
Association of Helicobacter pylori‐related Distal Gastric Cancer with the HLA Class II Gene DQB1*0602 and cagA+ Strains in a Southern European Population
Authors: Quintero Enrique , Pizarro Ma. Angeles , Rodrigo Luis , Piqué Josep M. , Lanas Angel , Ponce Julio , Miño Gonzalo , Gisbert Javier , Jurado Aurora , Herrero Ma. José , Jiménez Alejandro , Torrado Julio , Ponte Ana , Díaz‐de‐Rojas Francisco , Salido Eduardo 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACTBackground.  Distinct human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐DQ genes have been associated with an increased or reduced risk for gastric cancer, but its association with Helicobacter pylori status is controversial. In the present study we evaluated the influence of host HLA DQA1 and DQB1 loci, H. pylori genotype, and socio‐economic factors on predicting H. pylori‐associated distal gastric cancer in a southern European population.Material and methods.  In a prospective case–control (1 : 2) study, 42 patients with H. pylori‐associated distal gastric cancer were matched by age (±5 years) and gender to 84 patients with H. pylori‐associated benign gastroduodenal disease (controls). The level of education received, smoking status, alcohol consumption, origin and familial history of gastric cancer were registered at inclusion. HLA DQA1 and DQB1 typing and H. pylori genotyping were determined from endoscopic gastric mucosal biopsies.Results.  Compared with control patients, a positive association with cagA+ strains (p < .002) and a negative association with vacA‐s2 strains (p < .02) was found in patients with distal gastric cancer. At the DQB1 locus, the *0602 allele was more frequent in distal gastric cancer than in controls (26.2% vs. 4.8%; p < .005). After correction for multiple comparisons (exact multiple regression analysis) the cagA+ status and the DQB1*0602 allele were associated with an increased distal gastric cancer risk (OR 3.7; 95% CI = 1.33–12.26 and OR 4.82; 95% CI = 1.24–19.83, respectively) whereas the vacA‐s2 status was associated with a decreased risk (OR 0.33; 95% CI = 0.10–0.94).Conclusion.  Our findings suggest that in the H. pylori‐infected southern European population, the cagA genotype and the HLA‐DQB1*0602 gene confer an increased risk for distal gastric cancer.
The Concept of Decisional Control: Building the Base for Evidence‐Based Nursing Practice
Authors: Ervin Naomi E. , Pierangeli Lori T. 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACT Purposes: The purposes of this article are to add clarification to the meaning of decisional control and provide a review of research related to the concept. Definitions and Characteristics of Decisional Control: A summary of the definitions of decisional control is followed by a discussion of the characteristics of the concept. The concept of decisional control includes the ability or power to decide what will be one's involvement in health care decisions. Review of Research: Studies on decisional control have tended to center on inpatient, physician office, or clinic settings with a focus on the diagnosis of cancer in which multiple medical treatment decisions arise. Most of the research thus far has been performed in the United States and Canada related to medical treatment. At this point, it is not entirely clear how patient preferences for decisional control relate to health outcomes. Measuring Decisional Control: An overview of the tools available to measure decisional control follows the review of the research. Future Direction: Future research needs to focus on the identification of the differences in decisional control by country, in differing cultural and ethnic groups within countries, and in various geographical areas of countries. The relationship of patient characteristics (e.g., age, gender, education, and income) to decisional control preferences is not clearly identified. A large gap in the research relates to how nurses can facilitate preferred decisional control to improve patient outcomes through evidence‐based nursing practice.
Self‐Reported Headache Frequency in Canadian Adolescents: Validation and Follow‐Up
Authors: Dooley Joseph M. , Gordon K. E. , Wood E. P. 
Published: February 2005

Objective.—To validate our previous estimates of the prevalence of frequent headache and associated factors in a new sample of 12‐ to 13‐year‐old adolescent Canadians, and to explore if estimates of the prevalence of frequent headache and associated factors remain stable within the original cohort after a two‐year interval.Methods.—We analyzed the self‐administered questionnaire microdata files of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY: 1998–1999). 1694 respondents representing 724 400 youth aged 12 to 13 years were used to validate the prevalence in our initial estimates. From the initial cohort, 1764 respondents representing 819 600 youth, now aged 14 to 15 years, were used to examine whether frequent headache prevalence or associated factors had changed in the intervening two years.Results.—Among the analyzed individuals, 26.3% of 12‐ to 13‐year olds and 31.2% of 14‐ to 15‐year olds reported frequent headaches of “about once a week” or more often (P= .001). Our previous study of the NLSCY: 1996–1997 found a prevalence of 26.6% in 12‐ to 13‐year olds.We previously identified 22 risk factors, of which 15 were replicated and one proxy was available within this iteration of the survey. For the 12‐ to 13‐year olds, 14/16 were associated (P < .01, chi‐square) with frequent headaches. For the initial cohort, now 14‐ to 15‐year olds, 15/16 risk factors remained associated (P < .01, chi‐square) with an increased risk of headaches.Conclusions.—Our estimates of frequent headache prevalence are reliable and consistent in two large nationally representative cohorts of 12‐ to 13‐year olds. In the first of these groups there was an increase in prevalence over 2 years as adolescence progresses. Our identified risk factors for frequent headaches have been validated within another cohort and are maintained as the cohort ages.
The Efficacy and Safety of Venlafaxine in the Prophylaxis of Migraine
Authors: Ozyalcin Suleyman N. , Talu Gul Koknel , Kiziltan Emre , Yucel Basak , Ertas Mustafa , Disci Rian 
Published: February 2005

Objective.—To evaluate the efficacy and safety of venlafaxine in the prophylaxis of migraine.Background.—The efficacy of venlafaxine, which is selectively effective on the serotonergic and noradrenergic mechanisms, on various headaches and chronic pain syndromes has been demonstrated. To our knowledge, this is the first placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, randomized study of two different doses of venlafaxine for migraine treatment.Methods.—In this prospective study, 60 migraine patients without aura were randomly assigned to venlafaxine XR 75 mg, venlafaxine XR 150 mg, or placebo. The frequency of headache attacks, the severity and the duration of attacks, and analgesic use were monitored every 2 weeks for 2 months. Adverse events and patient satisfaction were also evaluated during these visits. At the end of the 2 months, global efficacy and tolerance were investigated.Results.—A significant difference was observed between the venlafaxine 150 mg and placebo groups in the number of headache attacks (P= .006). According to patient satisfaction comparisons, the active drug groups were significantly different when compared with placebo (P= .001 at visit 2 and visit 6). When the global efficacy was considered, 80% of patients in the 75‐mg group and 88.2% of the patients in the 150‐mg group evaluated treatment benefits as either good or very good.Conclusions.—Venlafaxine was more effective than placebo and is safe and well tolerated as migraine prophylaxis.
An International Survey of Nurse Editors' Roles and Practices
Authors: Freda Margaret Comerford , Kearney Margaret 
Published: February 2005

Purpose:

To describe the editorial practices of nurse editors, including proprietary arrangements, manuscript processing systems, and editorial review, and to ascertain editors' opinions on effective editorial practices.
Design:

A descriptive study in which an author‐designed 108‐question survey was distributed and collected by e‐mail. Of 177 international nursing editors identified, 164 e‐mail addresses could be located, and 137 nurse editors expressed willingness to participate. Ninety journals were represented in the final purposive convenience sample, including 71 published in the US and 19 outside the US. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t test, chi square, and content analysis.
Findings:

Of the 90 journals, 78 were characterized by their editors as scholarly journals. Fifty‐two were official journals of associations. The nurse editors' average age was 53, with over 20 years of experience in nursing and 8 years as editor. Although practices and compensation at U.S. and international journals did not differ significantly, scholarly journals and “other” publications such as magazines and newsletters were managed differently. Blinded peer review was in place at 98% of journals. Editors generally used manuscript reviewers as advisors rather than as voters; only 30% of editors thought their ultimate decision must agree with the majority of reviewers. Nurse editors often needed 3–5 years to feel comfortable in the role. Editors of association journals often reported struggling with the issue of editorial independence versus association control. Editors believed their role was influential in maintaining scholarly excellence and evidence‐based practice, but many noted the constant pressure of deadlines and dealing with poor writing from authors as challenges of the work.
Conclusions:

The role of nurse editor is not part of the formal preparation of nurse scholars or clinicians; standards for nurse editors are not readily apparent, and nurse editors often work in isolation, lacking professional support. This survey included data by which nurse authors and readers of nursing journals can understand how nurse editors work and make decisions about manuscripts, ultimately influencing knowledge dissemination in nursing journals. Nurse editors can use this information to compare their practices with that of others, and advocate for adequate preparation, compensation, and assistance with production.
Phylogeography of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria among Disturbed Sediments, Disclosed by Analysis of the Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase Genes (
dsrAB
)
Authors: Pérez-Jiménez J. R. , Kerkhof L. J. 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACT

Sediment samples were collected worldwide from 16 locations on four continents (in New York, California, New Jersey, Virginia, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, Italy, Latvia, and South Korea) to assess the extent of the diversity and the distribution patterns of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in contaminated sediments. The SRB communities were examined by terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes (
dsrAB
) with NdeII digests. The fingerprints of
dsrAB
genes contained a total of 369 fluorescent TRFs, of which <20% were present in the GenBank database. The global sulfidogenic communities appeared to be significantly different among the anthropogenically impacted (petroleum-contaminated) sites, but nearly all were less diverse than pristine habitats, such as mangroves. A global SRB indicator species of petroleum pollution was not identified. However, several
dsrAB
gene sequences corresponding to hydrocarbon-degrading isolates or consortium members were detected in geographically widely separated polluted sites. Finally, a cluster analysis of the TRFLP fingerprints indicated that many SRB microbial communities were most similar on the basis of close geographic proximity (tens of kilometers). Yet, on larger scales (hundreds to thousands of kilometers) SRB communities could cluster with geographically widely separated sites and not necessarily with the site with the closest proximity. These data demonstrate that SRB populations do not adhere to a biogeographic distribution pattern similar to that of larger eukaryotic organisms, with the greatest species diversity radiating from the Indo-Pacific region. Rather, a patchy SRB distribution is encountered, implying an initially uniform SRB community that has differentiated over time.
Composition and Distribution of Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Aerobic Flocs and Granular Sludge
Authors: McSwain B. S. , Irvine R. L. , Hausner M. , Wilderer P. A. 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACT

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were quantified in flocculent and aerobic granular sludge developed in two sequencing batch reactors with the same shear force but different settling times. Several EPS extraction methods were compared to investigate how different methods affect EPS chemical characterization, and fluorescent stains were used to visualize EPS in intact samples and 20-μm cryosections. Reactor 1 (operated with a 10-min settle) enriched predominantly flocculent sludge with a sludge volume index (SVI) of 120 ± 12 ml g
−1
, and reactor 2 (2-min settle time) formed compact aerobic granules with an SVI of 50 ± 2 ml g
−1
. EPS extraction by using a cation-exchange resin showed that proteins were more dominant than polysaccharides in all samples, and the protein content was 50% more in granular EPS than flocculent EPS. NaOH and heat extraction produced a higher protein and polysaccharide content from cell lysis. In situ EPS staining of granules showed that cells and polysaccharides were localized to the outer edge of granules, whereas the center was comprised mostly of proteins. These observations confirm the chemical extraction data and indicate that granule formation and stability are dependent on a noncellular, protein core. The comparison of EPS methods explains how significant cell lysis and contamination by dead biomass leads to different and opposing conclusions.
Purification and cDNA Cloning of NADPH-Dependent Aldoketoreductase, Involved in Asymmetric Reduction of Methyl 4-Bromo-3-Oxobutyrate, from
Penicillium citrinum
IFO4631
Authors: Asako Hiroyuki , Wakita Ryuhei , Matsumura Kenji , Shimizu Masatoshi , Sakai Jun , Itoh Nobuya 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACT

Penicillium citrinum
was found to catalyze the reduction of methyl 4-bromo-3-oxobutyrate to methyl (
S
)-4-bromo-3-hydroxybutyrate [(
S
)-BHBM] with high optical purity. From the strain, a cDNA clone encoding a novel NADPH-dependent alkyl 4-halo-3-oxobutyrate reductase (KER) was isolated.
Escherichia coli
cells overexpressing KER produced (
S
)-BHBM in the presence of an NADPH-regeneration system.
Emergence of Competitive Dominant Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterial Populations in a Full-Scale Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: Layton Alice C. , Dionisi Hebe , Kuo H.-W. , Robinson Kevin G. , Garrett Victoria M. , Meyers Arthur , Sayler Gary S. 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACT

Ammonia-oxidizing bacterial populations in an industrial wastewater treatment plant were investigated with
amoA
and 16S rRNA gene real-time PCR assays.
Nitrosomonas nitrosa
initially dominated, but over time RI-27-type ammonia oxidizers, also within the
Nitrosomonas communis
lineage, increased from below detection to codominance. This shift occurred even though nitrification remained constant.
Improved Secretory Production of Recombinant Proteins by Random Mutagenesis of
hlyB
, an Alpha-Hemolysin Transporter from
Escherichia coli
Authors: Sugamata Yasuhiro , Shiba Toshikazu 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACT

Fusion proteins with an alpha-hemolysin (HlyA) C-terminal signal sequence are known to be secreted by the HlyB-HlyD-TolC translocator in
Escherichia coli
. We aimed to establish an efficient Hly secretory expression system by random mutagenesis of
hlyB
and
hlyD
. The fusion protein of subtilisin E and the HlyA signal sequence (HlyA
218
) was used as a marker protein for evaluating secretion efficiency. Through screening of more than 1.5 × 10
4
E. coli
JM109 transformants, whose
hlyB
and
hlyD
genes had been mutagenized by error-prone PCR, we succeeded in isolating two mutants that had 27- and 15-fold-higher levels of subtilisin E secretion activity than the wild type did at 23°C. These mutants also exhibited increased activity levels for secretion of a single-chain antibody-HlyA
218
fusion protein at 23 and 30°C but unexpectedly not at 37°C, suggesting that this improvement seems to be dependent on low temperature. One mutant (AE104) was found to have seven point mutations in both HlyB and HlyD, and an L448F substitution in HlyB was responsible for the improved secretion activity. Another mutant (AE129) underwent a single amino acid substitution (G654S) in HlyB. Secretion of c-Myc-HlyA
218
was detected only in the L448F mutant (AE104F) at 23°C, whereas no secretion was observed in the wild type at any temperature. Furthermore, for the PTEN-HlyA
218
fusion protein, AE104F showed a 10-fold-higher level of secretion activity than the wild type did at 37°C. This result indicates that the improved secretion activity of AE104F is not always dependent on low temperature.
Presence and Persistence of
Legionella
spp. in Groundwater
Authors: Costa Joana , Tiago Igor , da Costa Milton S. , Veríssimo António 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACT

Groundwater samples (111) from six different boreholes located in two geographical areas were examined for the presence of legionellae over a 7-year period. The number of
Legionella
isolates detected was generally low. The colonization of the aquifers was not uniform, and the persistence of
Legionella
was independent of the hydraulic pumps and the plumbing system present in the borehole. A total of 374 isolates identified by fatty acid methyl ester analysis belonged to
Legionella pneumophila
,
L. oakridgensis
,
L. sainthelensi
, and
L. londiniensis
. In area 1,
L. oakridgensis
constituted the major population detected, exhibiting only one random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR profile.
L. sainthelensi
strains were less frequently isolated and also displayed a single RAPD profile, while
L. pneumophila
was only sporadically detected. In contrast,
L. pneumophila
comprised the vast majority of the isolates in area 2 and exhibited six distinct RAPD patterns, indicating the presence of different genetic groups; three
L. londiniensis
RAPD types were also detected. Two of the
L. pneumophila
and one of the
L. londiniensis
RAPD types were persistent in this environment for at least 12 years. The genetic structure of
L. pneumophila
groundwater populations, inferred from
rpoB
and
dotA
gene sequences, was peculiar, since the majority of the isolates were allied in a discrete group different from the lineages containing most of the type and reference strains of the three subspecies of
L. pneumophila
. Furthermore, gene exchange events related to the
dotA
allele could be envisioned.
Structure of Sediment-Associated Microbial Communities along a Heavy-Metal Contamination Gradient in the Marine Environment
Authors: Gillan David C. , Danis Bruno , Pernet Philippe , Joly Guillemette , Dubois Philippe 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACT

Microbial community composition and structure were characterized in marine sediments contaminated for >80 years with cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc. Four sampling sites that encompass a wide range of sediment metal loads were compared in a Norwegian fjord (Sørfjord). HCl-extractable metals and organic matter constantly decreased from the most contaminated site (S1) to the control site (S4). All sampling sites presented low polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations (Σ
7
PCB < 7.0 ng g [dry weight]
−1
). The biomass ranged from 4.3 × 10
8
to 13.4 × 10
8
cells g (dry weight) of sediments
−1
and was not correlated to metal levels. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis indicated that diversity was not affected by the contamination. The majority of the partial 16S rRNA sequences obtained were classified in the γ- and δ-
Proteobacteria
and in the
Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides
(CFB) bacteria. Some sequences were closely related to other sequences from polluted marine sediments. The abundances of seven phylogenetic groups were determined by using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH was impaired in S1 by high levels of autofluorescing particles. For S2 to S4, the results indicated that the HCl-extractable Cu, Pb, and Zn were negatively correlated with the abundance of γ-
Proteobacteria
and CFB bacteria. δ-
Proteobacteria
were not correlated with HCl-extractable metals. Bacteria of the
Desulfosarcina-Desulfococcus
group were detected in every site and represented 6 to 14% of the DAPI (4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole) counts. Although factors other than metals may explain the distribution observed, the information presented here may be useful in predicting long-term effects of heavy-metal contamination in the marine environment.
Active Transport and Accumulation of Iodide by Newly Isolated Marine Bacteria
Authors: Amachi Seigo , Mishima Yukako , Shinoyama Hirofumi , Muramatsu Yasuyuki , Fujii Takaaki 
Published: February 2005

ABSTRACT

Iodide (I
−
)-accumulating bacteria were isolated from marine sediment by an autoradiographic method with radioactive
125
I
−
. When they were grown in a liquid medium containing 0.1 μM iodide, 79 to 89% of the iodide was removed from the medium, and a corresponding amount of iodide was detected in the cells. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that iodide-accumulating bacteria were closely related to
Flexibacter aggregans
NBRC15975 and
Arenibacter troitsensis
, members of the family
Flavobacteriaceae
. When one of the strains, strain C-21, was cultured with 0.1 μM iodide, the maximum iodide content and the maximum concentration factor for iodide were 220 ± 3.6 (mean ± standard deviation) pmol of iodide per mg of dry cells and 5.5 × 10
3
, respectively. In the presence of much higher concentrations of iodide (1 μM to 1 mM), increased iodide content but decreased concentration factor for iodide were observed. An iodide transport assay was carried out to monitor the uptake and accumulation of iodide in washed cell suspensions of iodide-accumulating bacteria. The uptake of iodide was observed only in the presence of glucose and showed substrate saturation kinetics, with an apparent affinity constant for transport and a maximum velocity of 0.073 μM and 0.55 pmol min
−1
mg of dry cells
−1
, respectively. The other dominant species of iodine in terrestrial and marine environments, iodate (IO
3
−
), was not transported.