bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bardoxolone methyl inhibits the infection of rabies virus via Nrf2 pathway activation in vitro
Authors: Chi Yinglin , Xie Yuan , Liu Shu Qing , Zhu Wu Yang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Rabies is a widespread, fatal, infectious disease. Several antivirals against rabies virus (RABV) infection have been reported, but no approved, RABV-specific antiviral drugs that inhibit RABV infection in the clinic after symptom onset are available. Therefore, more effective drugs to reduce rabies fatalities are urgently needed. Bardoxolone methyl (CDDO-Me), an FDA-approved compound that has long been known as an antioxidant inflammatory modulator and one of the most potent nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) activators, protects myelin, axons, and CNS neurons by Nrf2 activation. Therefore, we investigated the potency of its anti-RABV activity in vitro.
Methods
The mouse neuroblastoma cell line Neuro2a (N2a) and three RABV strains of different virulence were used; the cytotoxicity and anti-RABV activity of CDDO-Me in N2a cells were evaluated by CCK-8 assay and direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) assay. Pathway activation in N2a cells infected with the RABV strains SC16, CVS-11 or CTN upon CDDO-Me treatment was evaluated by western blotting (WB) and DFA assay.
Results
CDDO-Me significantly inhibited infection of the three RABV strains of differing virulence (SC16, CVS-11 and CTN) in N2a cells. We also examined whether CDDO-Me activates the Nrf2-associated pathway upon infection with RABV strains of differing virulence. Nrf2, phosphorylated sequestosome (SQSTM1), SQSTM1, hemoglobin oxygenase (HO-1) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO1) expression in N2a cells increased to varying degrees with CDDO-Me treatment, accompanied by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) dissociation, upon infection with SC16, CVS-11 or CTN. The activation of SQSTM1 phosphorylation was significantly associated with the degradation of Keap-1 in CDDO-Me-treated N2a cells upon RABV infection. Furthermore, N2a cells pretreated with the Nrf2-specific inhibitor ATRA showed a significant decrease in HO-1 and NQO1 expression and a decrease in the anti-RABV efficacy of CDDO-Me. These inhibitory effects were observed upon infection with three RABV strains of differing virulence.
Conclusion
CDDO-Me inhibited RABV infection via Nrf2 activation, promoting a cytoprotective defense response in N2a cells. Our study provides a therapeutic strategy for RABV inhibition and neuroprotection during viral infection.
Influence of Deficit Irrigation Regimes on the Quantitative and Qualitative Yield of Forage Maize Hybrids
Authors: esmaily Mansour , Dadashi Mohamad Reza , Feyzbakhsh Mohamad Taghi , Kabousi Kami , Sheikh Fatemeh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This experiment aimed to assess the impact of deficit irrigation on both the quantitative and qualitative yield of forage maize hybrids. The study was structured as a split-plot design, utilizing a randomized complete block design with three replications, where took place at the Agricultural Research Station of Gorgan in the years 2021 and 2022. Deficit irrigation was implemented at four different levels as the main plots, which comprised 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of the water requirement. These main plots were further subdivided into subplots, consisting of four hybrid varieties, namely SC703, SC704, ZP548, and BK50. The results showed that the highest total biomass (47939 kg ha− 1) was obtained under 100% water requirement (control) and SC704 hybrid. The reduction in total biomass for the treatments at 75%, 50%, and 25% of the water requirement, when compared to the control treatment, amounted to 7%, 47.4%, and 79.1%, respectively. Deficit irrigation significantly affected qualitative traits except for NDF at the level of 1% and increased all quality traits. Accordingly, the highest percentage of CP, NDF, and ADF was obtained by hybrid SC703 with 50% water requirement (by 9.20%), hybrid BK50 under 25% water requirement (by 30.73%), and BK50 with 75% water requirement (by 44.03%). The highest water use efficiency was observed in 75% of the water requirement (7.79 kg m− 3). Considering the significant reduction in water consumption (1795 m3 ha− 1) achieved with this treatment, it is advisable to recommend irrigation at 75% of the water requirement alongside the cultivation of the SC703 hybrid for forage production in the northern region of Iran.
Spatiotemporal Assessment of Pathogenic Leptospira in Subtropical Coastal Watersheds
Authors: Bridgemohan Ronell S. H. , Deitch Matthew J. , Harmon Emily , Whiles Matt R. , Wilson P. Christopher , Bean Eban , Bridgemohan Puran , Bisesi Joseph H. , Nicholas Jodel , Redhead Aaden , Bachoon Dave S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The World Health Organization classifies leptospirosis as a significant public health concern, predominantly affecting impoverished and unsanitary regions. Using the Pensacola Bay System as a case study, this study examines the underappreciated susceptibility of developed subtropical coastal ecosystems such as the Pensacola Bay System to zoonotic pathogens such as Leptospira. We analyzed 132 water samples collected over 12 months from 44 distinct locations with high levels of E. coli (> 410 MPN/100 mL). Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations were assessed using IDEXX Colilert-18 and Enterolert-18, and an analysis of water physiochemical characteristics and rainfall intensity was conducted. The LipL32 gene was used as a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) indicator to identify the distribution of Leptospira interrogens. The results revealed 12 instances of L. interogenes presence at sites with high FIB over various land cover and aquatic ecosystem types. Independent of specific rainfall events, a seasonal relationship between precipitation and elevated rates of fecal bacteria and leptospirosis was found. These findings highlight qPCR's utility in identifying pathogens in aquatic environments and the widespread conditions where it can be found in natural and developed areas.
Reverse Game: From Nash equilibrium to network structure, number, and probability of occurrence
Authors: Ebrahimi Ali , Sadeghi Mehdi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a reverse game approach to network-modeled games in order to determine the network structure between players that can achieve a desired Nash equilibrium. We consider three network games: the majority game, the minority game, and the best-shot public goods game. For any hypothetical Nash equilibrium, we determine the conditions and constraints of the network structure that can create the desired Nash equilibrium in each game. The first step in the mechanism design is to identify the network between players that can reach the desired Nash equilibrium. This is important because there exist structures between players that will not generate the considered Nash equilibrium under any circumstances. Acceptable networks are not unique and their numbers grow exponentially based on the number of players and the combination of strategies. We provide mathematical relations to obtain the exact number of networks that can create the considered Nash equilibrium in the best-shot public goods game. Moreover, in the majority and minority games, the relations presented under special conditions specify the number of networks. We also investigate the distribution of acceptable networks as microsystems associated with the existing Nash equilibrium and the probability of their occurrence. The results of our simulations show that the distribution of acceptable networks according to the density is normal, and the probability of their occurrence is increasing. In other words, dense networks are more likely to lead to the desired Nash equilibrium.
Deriving Two Sets of Bounds of Moran’s Index by Conditional Extremum Method
Authors: Chen Yanguang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Moran’s index is a basic measure of spatial autocorrelation, which has been applied to varied fields of both natural and social sciences. A good measure should have clear boundary values or critical value. However, for Moran’s index, both boundary values and critical value are controversial. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to derive the boundary values of Moran’s index. The key lies in finding conditional extremum based on quadratic form of defining Moran’s index. As a result, two parallel sets of boundary values are derived naturally for Moran’s index. One is determined by the eigenvalues of spatial weight matrix (-nλmin≤ Moran’s I ≤-nλmax), and the other is determined by the extreme values of quadratic form of spatial autocorrelation coefficient (-1≤ Moran’s I ≤1). The intersection of the two sets of boundary values gives four possible numerical ranges of Moran’s index. A conclusion can be reached that the bounds of Moran’s index is determined by both size vector and spatial weight matrix. The eigenvalues of spatial weight matrix represent the maximum extension length of the eigenvector axes of geographical elements at different directions. This work solves one of the fundamental problems of spatial autocorrelation analysis.
The redundancy as a possible measure of electron correlation
Authors: Flores-Gallegos Nelson , Gómez-Damián Ofelia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, we applied a concept of information theory that has virtually not been applied to the field of theoretical chemistry, which is redundancy.
Redundancy, is a concept that is related to repetition, for example, in the transmission of information, the redundancy consists of repeating certain
parts of a message in order to avoid the corruption of information. In this work, we applied the concept of redundancy to a large set of molecules
and to a simple chemical reaction, our results suggest that redundancy can be used as a measure of the electron correlation phenomenon.
Description of Hyperostotic Bones Pattern in Hairtail Trichiurus lepturus
Authors: Tuna Fernando AP , Calixto Flávia AA , Mesquita Eliana FM 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Several studies have documented the occurrence of hyperostosis, a bone condition that results in bone thickening, in specimens of Trichiurus lepturus, an important commercial species. A total of 102 Hairtail fish samples from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were obtained from artisanal fishers and divided into four size classes. Biometric measurements and radiographic images were taken for all exemplars. Hyperostosis was observed in 69.69% of the individuals, with the first detection of the condition in an exemplar measuring from 385 mm in total length. The affected skeletal regions included the Cleithrum, Supraoccipital, Frontal, Dorsal Pterygiophores, and Hemal Spines. An increase in the occurrence frequency of hyperostosis was noticed in correlation with size, suggesting a connection with the aging process and an ontogenetic pattern for the species. Histological analysis indicated a high remodeling process in affected structures. Additionally, we highlight the species' daily vertical migration, associated with temperature variation, as a potential contributor to the onset of this osteological condition in marine teleosts.
Exosomal C5orf46 gene: Pan-cancer Analysis of its Implication in Cancer Prognosis Risk Indication and Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling
Authors: Ma Wenxia , Wang Xuzhi , Yang Huijun , Yang Zhiqing , Shen Ningning , Du Juan , Liu Siying , Miao Lei , Gao Lifang , Wang Chen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Exosomes have been important particles that mediate cellular communication, and more importantly, they have been gradually known to participate in multiple critical processes of cancer development including angiogenesis, immune invasion, cancer metastasis, and drug resistance. However, as an exosomal gene, the functions of C5orf46 in cancers are still lack of understanding. In the study, the gene’s role in the formation and development of different tumor processes would be investigated comprehensively for potential further clinical application.
Methods
The study started with the genetic characteristics and physicochemical properties analysis of C5orf46 gene, and then the gene expression as well as alteration patterns in broad spectrum human cancers were analyzed. Further, the potential post transcription modulations of the gene was investigated, followed by survival analysis including both overall survival and recurrence free survival in pan-cancer. Moreover, the correlation between C5orf46 gene and multiple critical cancer parameters including angiogenesis, cancer stemness, DNA repair, and immune infiltration were in succession explored.
Results
Firstly, basic physicochemical properties of C5orf46 were preliminary computed including its aminoacid composition, estimated molecular weight and protein half life. Then, based on the gene expression as well as survival analysis result, we noticed that C5orf46 was aberrant up-regulated in various types of human cancers which was partly due to decreased DNA methylation level in cancers, and of clinical significance, the changed expression of the gene correlated directly with worse patients survival. Moreover, C5orf46 gene was indicated to be associated with multiple critical cancer traits including microenvironment angiogenesis, immune infiltration, extra cellular matrix (ECM) degradation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further, C5orf46 gene was indicated to correlate with the sensitivity of several chemotherapy related drugs.
Conclusions
Based on TCGA pan-cancer data and series of analysis, we discovered that exosome containing C5orf46 potentially works as an oncogene, which was highly expressed in multiple cancers and correlated with worse patients survival. Besides, C5orf46 gene was associated with multiple cancers clinical traits. Although more detailed experiments and clinical trials are needed to validate the gene function in each independent type of cancer, the study shall reveal valuable strategies concerning the role of C5orf46 in pan-cancer and its potential as a novel therapeutic target.
Theoretical insights into the structure, stability, thermochemistry, and bonding in hydrated N2O clusters
Authors: Manogaran Punithavathi , Ambigapathy Suvitha , Pandiaraj Saravanan , Ramamoorthy Muthumareeswaran Muthu , Sathiyamoorthy Venkataramanan Natarajan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We have investigated the structure, stability, thermochemistry, and bonding in microhydrated N2O clusters (N2O‧Wn (n = 1–12)). To do this we used various theoretical methods and techniques including density functional theory (DFT), quantitative molecular electrostatic potential surface (MESP), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), and noncovalent interaction analysis (NCI). A detailed density functional search shows that N2O lies on the top of the water molecules and water molecules tend to form a cage structure. The existence of water in cage geometry and segregation of N2O unveils the presence of weak bonding between N2O and water cluster. The computed adsorption energy (ΔEabs), association energy (AE), and incremental association energy (ΔEIA) were all negative which means the complexes are stabilized. In small size clusters the most stable isomer dominates the relative population at all temperatures. In cluster with 6 and more water all the isomers contribute at the high atmospheric temperature. The formation of all the hydrated N2O complexes is enthalpically favored over the range of atmospheric altitudes. In general, the free energy change and enthalpy change decrease with the increase in altitude. The enthalpy change for the clusters unveils a distinct inflection at the tropopause. MESP analysis shows a higher Vs,max value on the hydrogen atom of a water molecule at the terminal end which helps for the addition of water molecules. QTAIM and NCI analyses reveal that N2O-water complexes are predominately stabilized by weak noncovalent interactions like N‧‧‧OW, O‧‧‧Ow, and O‧‧‧Hw. Overall, this work helps in understanding the structure, and stability of hydrated N2O molecules at different altitudes of the atmosphere.
Extracorporeal pacing stimulation enhancing diaphragmatic function of patients after single-pole video assisted lobectomy: A single-blinded RCT
Authors: Ou Jian-ying , Li Jia-hao , Wang Xiao-jin , Zhang Zhi-ying , Cao Qing-dong , Luo Xiao-qin , Wang Kang-ling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The extracorporeal diaphragmatic pacemaker(EDP),known for its ability to prevent diaphragmatic muscle function decline in chronic and critically ill patients.However,it remains uncertain whether EDP can effectively enhance pulmonary function in patients after surgery.
Objective
This study aims to determine whether EDP can quickly recover the diaphragm function of lung cancer patients after surgery to improve pulmonary function.
Methods
This study was designed as a single-blinded randomized controlled trial(RCT).Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups.The EDP group received additional EDP stimulation.The primary outcome measures were included diaphragm thickening fraction(DTF),diaphragm thickness at the end of inspiration (DTei),diaphragm excursion(DE),measured on the admission day(T0),the first day after surgery(T1), the day when the thoracic drainage tube was removed(T2).The secondary outcome measures included postoperative complications,chest tube indwelling hours,and visual analog scale(VAS) assessment measured at T1 and T2.
Results
78 patients were enrolled,with 39 in the EDP group and 39 in the control group.Both groups demonstrated a significant postoperative decrease in DE and DTei(T1 < T0,EDP group P = 0.000;control group P = 0.000).Following the EDP treatment intervention,the EDP group showed a notable increase in DE and DTei(T2 > T1,P = 0.000;P = 0.000),and the control group also exhibited significant changes in DE and DTei(T2 > T1,P = 0.000;P = 0.005).However,at the T2 time point,there was a statistically significant difference in DE between the EDP group and the control group(P = 0.049).Notably,the EDP group's DTei at the T2 time point recovered to the level of the T0 time point,with no significant difference between the two time points(P = 0.096).Differences in the control group Dtei at the T2 time point compared to the T0 time point(P = 0.000),postoperative complications and chest tube indwelling hours showed no significant differences between the two groups.Statistical significance was found at T2,with the EDP group having a lower VAS value(1.00 ± 0.513 vs1.31 ± 0.521,P = 0.028).
Conclusion
EDP can significantly improve early diaphragm excursion and reduce pain perception in patients after SPVATS.It is beneficial for accelerating postoperative rehabilitation in lung cancer patients.EDP holds promise for clinical application and merits further clinical promotion.
Trial registration:
The study is registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial (ChiCTR2300072733).
Study on synthesis of temperature resistant polycarboxylic acid dispersant and its application in oil well cement
Authors: Feng Qian , Li Lang , Peng Zhigang , Zheng Yong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Polycarboxylic acid dispersant has the advantages of good dispersion performance and environmental protection, and has a good application prospect in oil well cement. However, the current polycarboxylate dispersant has poor temperature resistance, which limits its application in high temperature formation cementing. In this study, a polycarboxylic acid dispersant (NLPC) that can be applied to high temperature cementing was synthesized by free radical copolymerization of monomer isoprenol polyoxyethylene ether, maleic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone. The structure of NLPC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The effects of NLPC on the fluidity, rheological properties, thickening time and mechanical strength of cement paste at different temperatures were tested, and compared with the traditional sulfonated acetone-formaldehyde polycondensate (SAF) dispersant. The mechanism of dispersant and its effect on cement hydration behavior were systematically studied by total organic carbon, Zeta potential, particle size analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. The effect of dispersant on the microstructure of hardened cement was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that NLPC has excellent high temperature dispersion performance. At 150 ℃, NLPC can significantly reduce the consistency coefficient of cement paste, increase the fluidity index of cement paste, significantly improve the rheological properties of cement paste, and the paste has excellent thickening performance, and the initial consistency is lower than SAF. In addition, due to the good dispersion of cement particles by NLPC, the early mechanical strength of cement stone after solidification is also improved. The mechanism analysis shows that NLPC improves the dispersion performance of oil well cement paste mainly through electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance effect. In short, NLPC overcomes the shortcomings of low efficiency and heavy pollution of SAF dispersant and low applicable temperature of conventional polycarboxylic acid dispersant, and ensures the smooth progress of high temperature deep well cementing construction.
Compliance with Oral Nutritional Supplements and Its Influencing Factors in Postoperative Patients with Digestive Tract Tumors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Su Liqing , Zhang Jie , Jia Lei , Dou Wenyue , Li Mengxue , Zhang Yumeng , Chang Jian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Oral nutritional supplementation is one of the preferred methods of nutritional support for postoperative patients. This study aims to investigate the current status of oral nutritional supplement compliance in postoperative patients with diges tive tract tumors and its influencing factors.
Methods
Convenience sampling was employed to select 242 patients who underwent surgery for digestive tract tumors at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai from October 2022 to July 2023 as the study subjects. Data following a normal distribution were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, ANOVA single-factor analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis to determine the factors influencing compliance with oral nutritional supplements.
Results
A total of 252 questionnaires were distributed, with 10 invalid questionnaires excluded, resulting in an effective questionnaire rate of 96.03%. The compliance score for oral nutritional supplements in postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors was (2.40 ± 1.45), General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES) score was (24.72 ± 4.86), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS) score was (58.67 ± 11.09), and Belief about Medicines Questionnaire Scale (BMQ) score was (0.17 ± 2.78). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age, adverse reactions, educational level, nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, medication beliefs, and social support were factors influencing compliance with oral nutritional supplements in postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our study revealed that the compliance to oral nutritional supplements among postoperative patients with gastrointestinal tumors was at a moderate level and was closely associated with age, educational level, adverse reactions to oral nutritional supplementation, medication beliefs, social support, and self-efficacy. Nursing staff should conduct nursing assessments based on the specific circumstances of patients and their families, provide personalized health education management plans based on the patients' educational level, enhance patients' nutrition knowledge, improve patient self-efficacy, and enhance social support for patients, while further improving patient nutrition management.