bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The clinical efficacy of Olibanum gum chewing in patients with Mild‐to‐Moderate Alzheimer disease: A randomized Parallel‐Design controlled trial
Authors: Ghorat Fereshteh , Sepidarkish Mahdi , Saadattalab Farzaneh , Rezghi Maedeh , Shahrestani Shamim , Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Doaei Saeid 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder in elderly with progressive decline in cognitive functions. This study aimed to investigate the possible memory‐improving effects of Olibanum on patients with Alzheimer's disease.Research Design and MethodThis double‐blind, randomized clinical trial was carried out on 72 participants aged 50–75 years. The intervention group (n = 36) received 1.6 g/day of olibanum chewing gum for 18 weeks. The placebo group (n = 36) received chewing gum without olibanum. Neuropsychological assessments were performed at baseline, every 4 weeks, and after 18 weeks of the intervention.ResultsThere was no significant difference between (MD: 0.84, 95%CI: −1.10 to 2.78, p = 0.392) at baseline. Both groups had linear improvements over time. There was no significant difference between two groups regarding the improvements after the intervention (F = 0.157, p = 0.693). There were no significant differences between the groups for MMSE score (Mini‐Mental State Examination) after the intervention (F = 0.141, p = 0.708).ConclusionsThis study revealed that 18 weeks of gum chewing with Olibanum did not change the neuropsychological status. More clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings.
High hydroxyurea usage in sickle cell anemia regardless of patient demographics
Authors: Phan Vivian , Park Ju Ae , Dulman Robin , Lewis Angela , Briere Noravy , Notarangelo Bailey , Yang Elizabeth 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHydroxyurea is highly effective in sickle cell disease, but it is still underutilized. Reports of hydroxyurea utilization largely use Medicaid data, and socioeconomics is often cited as a barrier. To address whether patient demographics influenced the high hydroxyurea usage rate recently reported for the pediatric sickle cell program of Northern Virginia, analysis of data from 2011 to 2021 revealed no statistical difference in hydroxyurea usage rate between Medicaid and non‐Medicaid, African American and African, or age less than 13 and age greater than or equal to 13 years cohorts, demonstrating that hydroxyurea can be successfully implemented across demographic groups.
Performance of thermally conductive NR composites reinforced with stearic acid‐modified microcrystalline cellulose: A combined experimental and molecular dynamic simulation study
Authors: Wang Zhen , Li Zhenlu , Chen Dongming , Qin Zhengying , Wang Linquan , Zhang Xianhui , Li Ziwei , Lu Shaorong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith the increasing environmental requirements for improving products and materials using renewable and sustainable resources, cellulose has been seen as one of the most attractive and promising alternatives to traditional inorganic fillers. We developed a new modification method to improve the interface compatibility between natural rubber and sisal cellulose, to improve the mechanical and thermal conductivity properties of rubber composite. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was extracted from sisal cellulose and then the hydrophobic cellulose (SA‐MCC) was prepared by grafting stearic acid on the surface of MCC. MCC and SA‐MCC were added to the thermal conductivity composite material composed of natural rubber and boron nitride. The results showed that the thermal conductivity and tensile properties of the natural rubber composites increased by 17.3% and 20%, respectively, under the addition of 1.8 wt% SA‐MCC. Furthermore, the interfacial interaction between the components in the composite was studied by molecular dynamics simulation. The solubility parameters, free volume fraction, and molecular binding energy were calculated to verify the effectiveness of the modification. This work is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the design and preparation of high‐performance natural rubber composite materials.Highlights
Cellulose microcrystals were successfully extracted from sisal fiber and modified.
Through the combination of boron nitride and the modified cellulose microcrystals, the thermal conductivity and tensile properties of thermal rubber were successfully improved synchronously.
A reasonable molecular simulation model was established to analysis the strengthening mechanism from the microscopic point of view.
The molecular simulation conclusions on interface enhancement are in good agreement with the experimental properties.
Influence of dammar gum application on the mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fiber reinforced tapioca biopolymer composites
Authors: Alias Luqman Hakim , Jaafar Jamiluddin , Siregar Januar Parlaungan , Cionita Tezara , Piah Mohd Bijarimi Mat , Irawan Agustinus Purna , Fitriyana Deni Fajar , Salleh Hamidon , Oumer Ahmed Nurye 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe objective of this work is to investigate the influence of the utilization of dammar gum (DG), which is a biodegradable and renewable binder, on the mechanical properties of short pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) reinforced tapioca biopolymer (TBP). Samples with variable DG concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight) and a constant 30% PALF composition were created with varying TBP percentages using an internal mixing process and compression molding. The results showed that PALF‐TBP with 10% DG had the highest mechanical properties with tensile, flexural, and impact strength of 19.49 MPa, 18.53 MPa and 13.79 KJ/m2, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images prove the enhanced mechanical characteristics. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed that the DG improves the matrix and PALF interface. The results show that the utilization of DG significantly enhanced the mechanical characteristics of composites. In addition, it is anticipated that it will be able to create PALF‐TBP‐DG composites as a potential alternative for conventional polymers in various applications, especially in engineering applications such as automotive and packaging industries. Therefore, it is expected to be capable of contributing to sustainable development goals (SDGs).Highlights
Recent studies show that damar gum (DG) has potential as a sustainable binder.
Optimal composition is a critical factor in bio‐composite manufacturing.
The mechanical properties improved the most when 10 wt% of DG was applied.
DG could serve as a viable substitute for petroleum‐derived coupling agents.
Bio‐composites may serve as alternative polymers for forthcoming applications.
3‐D woven rectangular hollow structure conformal bearing microstrip antenna with different heights: Design, preparation, performance, and simulation
Authors: Lyu Lihua , Wang Rongrui , Pang Xianke , Wen Fangfang , Zhou Xinghai , Gao Yuan , Qian Yongfang , Wang Ying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTraditional microstrip antennas have problems with heavy weight and poor gain. In order to reduce the weight of the antenna itself and improve its gain, the preforms of the 3‐D woven rectangular hollow structure conformal bearing microstrip antenna (3DWRHS‐CB‐MA)with different heights were woven from ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) filament yarns and copper wires on a common loom through reasonable design. The preform was used as the reinforcement and epoxy resin was used as the matrix, four different heights (2, 4, 6, and 8 mm) of 3DWRHS‐CB‐MA were prepared by vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. Finally, the electromagnetic performance was analyzed by high‐frequency structure simulator (HFSS) and experimental testing. The results showed that the frequency deviation of the 2 mm height microstrip antenna was minimal; while the 4 mm height microstrip antenna had better gain efficiency and directional diagram compared to others. The 4 mm height microstrip antenna has good radiation performance with a weight of only 35 g which shows that 3DWRHS‐CB‐MA are potential candidates for future intelligent textile materials and wireless communication fields.Highlights
Weaving with UHMWPE filament yarns and copper wires on common looms.
The preform was used as the reinforcement, and epoxy resin was used as the matrix.
Simulation of electromagnetic characteristics of antennas using HFSS software.
Proving the effectiveness of the electromagnetic simulation model.
Revealing the electromagnetic radiation mechanisms.
Design of metal oxide nanoparticles‐embedded polymeric nanocomposites for hydrogen peroxide chronoamperometric sensor
Authors: Magar Hend S. , Hashem M. S. , Sobh Rokaya A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHere, we synthesized nanocomposites of poly(methyl methacrylate/N,N‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/acrylic acid) [poly(MMA/DMAEMA/AA)] incorporated with cadmium oxide (CdO), copper oxide (CuO), manganese oxide (MnO2), and selenium oxide (SeO2) nanoparticles via microemulsion polymerization. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), x‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as well as electrochemical techniques like cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were utilized to determine and understand the physico‐chemical features of the polymers (MMA/DMAEMA/AA) and their embedded metal oxide (MO) nanoparticles. According to the TEM results, well‐defined nanospheres of the pure polymer and its composite were obtained in the range of 45–75 nm, respectively. The electrochemical characteristics of all CdO, CuO, MnO2, and SeO2‐based nanocomposites showed significant improvement, with capacitance values higher than those of the poly(MMA/DMAEMA/AA) nanosphere assemblies alone. Therefore, the nanocomposites were tested for direct hydrogen peroxide sensing along with direct transfer of electrons. The amperometry results showed a fast linear sensitivity in the range of 1–1000 μM with a lower detection limit of 0.03 μM. As a result, these materials could be recommended for battery storage and hydrogen peroxide sensing devices due to the significantly improved electrochemical properties offered by the synthesized nanocomposites.Highlights
Microemulsion polymerization of nanocomposites incorporated with nanoparticles.
The nanoparticles improve the nanocomposites' electro capacitance values.
The developed nanocomposites exhibit supercapacitors and energy storage.
The novel nanocomposites enable direct and fast hydrogen peroxide sensing.
Influence of printing direction and filler orientation on the thermal conductivity of 3D printed heat sinks
Authors: Moser Nina , Strasser Christoph , Tanda Andreas , Archodoulaki Vasiliki‐Maria , Burgstaller Christoph 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrototype development nowadays can rarely be imagined without 3D printing. In the fast‐moving electronics industry, 3D printing is a good way to react quickly to changing developments, for example, when it comes to heat sinks made of thermally conductive material. 3D printing of thermally conducting plastics, which are also electrically insulating, is an ideal candidate for the rapid generation of heat sink. Nevertheless, 3D printing also shows some drawbacks in regard to properties of the printed parts, as porosities or layer adhesion, emerging from layer deposition in the process. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the influence of the orientation of fillers on the thermal conductivity of filled polylactic acid (PLA). PLA was filled with amounts of 15–45 wt.% of boron nitride and aluminum granules and printed into heat sinks in two different orientations to investigate this influence on the thermal conductivity. The printed heat sinks were then placed on a heated aluminum block and the thermal transport was examined with an infrared camera. It could be shown that especially with platelet‐shaped fillers such as boron nitride, the orientation of these in the test specimen has a large influence on the thermal conductivity.Highlights
3D printing of thermally conductive heat sinks
Thermal characterization of 3D printed heat sinks
Computer tomography scans of heat sinks to evaluate the porosity
Diurnal cycle of precipitation over the tropics and central United States: intercomparison of general circulation models
Authors: Tao Cheng , Xie Shaocheng , Ma Hsi‐Yen , Bechtold Peter , Cui Zeyu , Vaillancourt Paul A. , Van Weverberg Kwinten , Wang Yi‐Chi , Wong May , Yang Jing , Zhang Guang J. , Choi In‐Jin , Tang Shuaiqi , Wei Jiangfeng , Wu Wen‐Ying , Zhang Meng , Neelin J. David , Zeng Xubin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiurnal precipitation is a fundamental mode of variability that climate models have difficulty in accurately simulating. Here the diurnal cycle of precipitation (DCP) in participating climate models from the Global Energy and Water Exchanges' DCP project is evaluated over the tropics and central United States. Common model biases such as excessive precipitation over the tropics, too frequent light‐to‐moderate rain, and the failure to capture propagating convection in the central United States still exist. Over the central United States, the issues of too weak rainfall intensity in climate runs is well improved in their hindcast runs with initial conditions from numerical weather prediction analyses. But the improvement is minimal over the central Amazon. Incorporating the role of the large‐scale environment in convective triggering processes helps resolve the phase‐locking issue in many models where precipitation often incorrectly peaks near noon due to maximum insolation over land. Allowing air parcels to be lifted above the boundary layer improves the simulation of nocturnal precipitation which is often associated with the propagation of mesoscale systems. Including convective memory in cumulus parameterizations acts to suppress light‐to‐moderate rain and promote intense rainfall; however, it also weakens the diurnal variability. Simply increasing model resolution (with cumulus parameterizations still used) cannot fully resolve the biases of low‐resolution climate models in DCP. The hierarchy modeling framework from this study is useful for identifying the missing physics in models and testing new development of model convective processes over different convective regimes.
The influence of resolved convective motions on scalar dispersion in hectometric‐scale numerical weather prediction models
Authors: Blunn Lewis P. , Plant Robert S. , Coceal Omduth , Bohnenstengel Sylvia I. , Lean Humphrey W. , Barlow Janet F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe UK Met Office has a 300‐m grid length numerical weather prediction (NWP) model running routinely over London and, in research mode, city‐scale hectometric grid length NWP has become commonplace. It is important to understand how moving from kilometre‐ to hectometre‐scale grid length NWP influences boundary‐layer vertical mixing. For a clear‐sky convective boundary layer (CBL) case study, using 55‐ and 100‐m grid length NWP, we demonstrate that CBL vertical mixing of passive scalar is almost fully resolved. Passive scalar converges near the surface after emission from an idealised pollution ground source representing city‐scale emissions, and is transported in updrafts preferentially into the upper boundary layer. Approximately 8 km downstream of the source edge, this causes lower near‐surface concentrations compared with 1.5‐km grid length NWP, where vertical mixing is fully parameterised. This demonstrates that resolving ballistic‐type dispersion, which is not typically represented in NWP vertical mixing parameterisations, can have a leading‐order influence on city‐scale near‐surface pollution concentration. We present a simple analytical model that is able to capture diffusive and ballistic dispersion behaviour in terms of effective timescales. The timescale controlling how long it takes passive scalar to become well mixed in the CBL is times longer for 1.5‐km compared with 100‐ and 55‐m grid length NWP.
TRAM: A new non‐hydrostatic fully compressible numerical model suited for all kinds of regional atmospheric predictions
Authors: Romero R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA new limited‐area numerical model (TRAM, for Triangle‐based Regional Atmospheric Model) has been built using a non‐hydrostatic and fully compressible version of the Navier–Stokes equations. Advection terms are solved using a Reconstruct–Evolve–Average (REA) strategy over the computational cells. These cells consist of equilateral triangles in the horizontal. The classical z‐coordinate is used in the vertical, allowing arbitrary stretching (e.g., higher resolution in the Planetary Boundary Layer, PBL). Proper treatment of terrain slopes in the bottom boundary conditions allows for accurately representing the orographic forcing. To gain computational efficiency, time splitting is used to integrate fast and slow terms separately and acoustic modes in the vertical are solved implicitly. For real cases on the globe, the Lambert map projection is applied, and all Coriolis and curvature terms are retained. No explicit filters are needed. The first part of the manuscript describes the dynamical core of the model and provides its thorough validation using a variety of benchmark tests (mostly in two dimensions) in the context of a dry‐adiabatic atmosphere. In the second part, TRAM is reformulated for a moist atmosphere and is completed with a proper set of physical parametrizations of cloud microphysics, cumulus convection, short and long‐wave radiation, PBL processes and surface fluxes. Various examples of the great versatility offered by this full version will be presented, with special emphasis on Mediterranean case studies. In summary, TRAM performs as well as state‐of‐the‐art numerical models and is suitable for simulating circulations ranging from small‐scale thermal bubbles (≈100 m scale) to synoptic‐scale baroclinic cyclones (>1000 km size), including orographic circulations, thermally driven flows, squall lines, supercells, all kinds of precipitation systems and medicanes. Besides opening a myriad of academic and research applications, TRAM regional forecasts at different resolutions are being disseminated in the web (see
https://meteo.uib.es/tram).
Risk factors for empty follicle syndrome in assisted reproductive technology with gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist trigger
Authors: Inoue Daichi , Sakakibara Yoshihiko , Ishida Chiharu , Kondo Manami , Mizuno Rie , Saito Masaya , Shibuya Shinichi , Hashiba Yoshiki , Asada Yoshimasa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo analyze whether response to the GnRH test is a predictor of empty follicle syndrome (EFS) and to analyze independent risk factors for EFS.MethodsThe GnRH test results of 3765 patients from 2016 to 2018 were used to define the reference range of the GnRH test. Risk factors for EFS were estimated by multivariate logistic analysis of 5282 cycles (5247 oocyte‐retrieved cycles with GnRH agonist trigger and 35 cycles of EFS) conducted from 2016 to 2019.ResultsGnRH testing showed basal hormone values as follows: median LH 5.2 (95 percentile; 1.3–12.6) mIU/mL, LH 30 min 22.0 (6.8–57.1), basal FSH 7.3 (3.0–20.5), FSH 30 min 11.5 (5.1–30.4) and FSH/LH ratio 1.5 (0.6–4.1). Independent risk factors for EFS were antral follicle count (adjusted odds ratio; 0.94, 95% CI; 0.89–0.99), basal LH (0.78, 0.66–0.90), and days duration of ovarian stimulation (1.41, 1.21–1. 60). The respective thresholds were 8 for AFC, 5.0 for basal LH, and 16 days for duration.ConclusionsLH 30 min values of the GnRH test did not predict EFS. Independent risk factors for EFS were AFC, basal LH and days duration of ovarian stimulation.
Bipartite containment of heterogeneous multi‐agent systems under denial‐of‐service attacks: A historical information‐based control scheme
Authors: Yang Yize , Shi Peng , Wang Shuoyu , Chambers Jonathon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA distributed control scheme based on historical information is designed to solve the problem of stable control of multi‐agent systems under denial of service (DoS) attacks in this article. It achieves the control objective of bipartite output containment control, that is, the output states of the followers smoothly enter the target area. The control scheme updates the states of followers through historical information in the control protocol when agents are subjected to DoS attacks. A distributed state observer with a storage module is designed to efficiently estimate the state of followers and store the observed information as history information. The historical information of control protocol calls is not necessarily the real state information in the existence of DoS attacks. Consequently, a closed‐loop feedback state compensator is designed. Then, the state compensator is converted from the time domain to the frequency domain for stability analysis using the Nyquist criterion. It is obtained that an upper bound on the amount of historical information can achieve the bipartite output trajectories containment of the controlled system. The output trajectories of the followers converge into two dynamic convex hulls, one of which is surrounded by multiple leaders, and the other is a convex hull with opposite signs of the leaders. Finally, a numerical simulation is used to verify the proposed control scheme, and the operability of the scheme is further demonstrated in a physical experiment.
Event‐triggered control of Itô stochastic nonlinear delayed systems with state quantization
Authors: Sun Yuanyuan , Deng Feiqi , Yu Peilin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe problem of event‐triggered control (ETC) of stochastic nonlinear delayed systems with state quantization is investigated. In order to reduce the communication burden and computational cost, an ETC mechanism and state quantization are introduced in the control scheme. Two configurations are considered to investigate their interaction: quantization before event‐trigger (QE) and quantization after event‐trigger (EQ), respectively. Based on this, a static event‐triggered mechanism (ETM) is designed while avoiding the Zeno phenomenon. The system allows known input‐to‐state stability (ISS) control law, followed by utilizing the Halanay inequality to achieve stabilization. In both configurations, the stabilization of the closed‐loop system is guaranteed. We show that communication times can be reduced by adjusting parameters and selecting the suitable configuration. Moreover, to further enhance resource conservation, we illustrate the feasibility of dynamic ETMs in this framework. Numerical simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed ETC schemes.