bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REMOVAL OF SOFT CAST AT HOME AFTER PAEDIATRIC TRAUMA IS SAFE AND CONVENIENT FOR CAREGIVERS
Authors: Aithie J. , Hughes K. , Wang J. , Wickramasinghe N. , Baird E. 
Published: February 2024

At-home softcast removal with no routine clinical follow-up has shown to be safe and effective following paediatric orthopaedic trauma. It minimises clinician contact time and reduces cost. However, there is limited data on the caregiver experience.Retrospective analysis of paediatric fractures requiring application of circumferential softcast that was later removed at home. Two time points were included: (1)July–September 2022, (2)February–April 2023. Demographics data included age, fracture classification, angulation, manipulation requirement, complications or unplanned re-attendance. Caregivers were given an information leaflet on cast removal. Caregivers completed a telephone Likert questionnaire reviewing time taken to remove cast, qualitative descriptors of cast removal and overall satisfaction.77 families were contacted at mean 93 days post injury. Mean age was 7.5 years. 41(53%) were distal radius and 20(26%) both-bone forearm fractures. The remaining were hand, elbow or tibia injuries. 40(52%) injuries required manipulation under procedural sedation with mean sagittal angulation 24 degrees. 13(17%) patients re-attended with cast problems. Caregivers estimated a mean 13 minutes to remove cast. 83% found it ‘extremely’ or ‘somewhat’ easy. 75% were ‘extremely’ or ‘somewhat’ satisfied. 71% were ‘extremely’ or ‘somewhat’ likely to recommend at-home cast removal. Qualitative descriptors ranged from from ‘traumatising’ to ‘fun’ and ‘straightforward’.The experience at our tertiary centre confirms at-home softcast removal with no further orthopaedic follow-up is safe and feasible, even in those requiring manipulation under sedation. The majority of families reported a positive experience; this however is not universal. Adequate patient information resources are integral to a positive caregiver's experiences.
How often do we alter constitutional limb alignment, joint line obliquity, and Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) phenotype when performing mechanically aligned TKA?
Authors: Corban Luke E. , van de Graaf Victor A. , Chen Darren B. , Wood Jil A. , Diwan Ashish D. , MacDessi Samuel J. 
Published: February 2024

AimsWhile mechanical alignment (MA) is the traditional technique in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), its potential for altering constitutional alignment remains poorly understood. This study aimed to quantify unintentional changes to constitutional coronal alignment and joint line obliquity (JLO) resulting from MA.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was undertaken of 700 primary MA TKAs (643 patients) performed between 2014 and 2017. Lateral distal femoral and medial proximal tibial angles were measured pre- and postoperatively to calculate the arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle (aHKA), JLO, and Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) phenotypes. The primary outcome was the magnitude and direction of aHKA, JLO, and CPAK alterations.ResultsThe mean aHKA and JLO increased by 0.1° (SD 3.4°) and 5.8° (SD 3.5°), respectively, from pre- to postoperatively. The most common phenotypes shifted from 76.3% CPAK Types I, II, or III (apex distal JLO) preoperatively to 85.0% IV, V, or VI (apex horizontal JLO) postoperatively. The proportion of knees with apex proximal JLO increased from 0.7% preoperatively to 11.1% postoperatively. Among all MA TKAs, 60.0% (420 knees) were changed from their constitutional alignments into CPAK Type V, while 40.0% (280 knees) either remained in constitutional Type V (5.0%, 35 knees) or were unintentionally aligned into other CPAK types (35.0%; 245 knees).ConclusionFixed MA targets in TKA lead to substantial changes from constitutional alignment, primarily a significant increase in JLO. These findings enhance our understanding of alignment alterations resulting from both unintended changes to knee phenotypes and surgical resection imprecision.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(2):109–116.
What is your count? An observational study of lymph node counting in 2,028 colorectal cancer resections
Authors: Srivastava Shivali , Kak Ipshita , Major Pierre , Bonert Michael 
Published: February 2024

Background
Lymph node status and lymph node count (LNC) are predictors of colorectal cancer outcome. Under-sampling of lymph nodes may lead to clinically relevant stage migration.

Methods
Colorectal cancer (CRC) cases with a synoptic report, accessioned 2012–2020 at a regional laboratory, were extracted and retrospectively studied. LNC, positive lymph node count (PLNC), tumour deposits present (TDpos), and ‘y’ (staging) prefix (YS) were retrieved and tabulated by pathologist using custom software. Statistical analyses were done with R.

Data and results
The cohort had 2,543 CRC resections. Seventeen pathologists interpreted >50 cases (range: 56–356) each and collectively saw 2,074. After cases with unavailable data were purged, 2,028 cases remained with 43,996 lymph nodes, of which 2,637/43,996 were positive. 368 cases had a ‘y’ prefix, and 379 had TDpos. The 17 pathologists’ median LNC/case was 19.0 (range: 14.0–24.0), and the mean PLNC per case was 1.4 (range: 1.0–2.0). Kruskal-Wallis rank sum tests showed there were differences in LNC (p<0.001) among pathologists; however, PLNC did not show this association (p = 0.2917). T-tests showed that mean LNC (p<0.001) and PLNC (p<0.035) differed between YS. 138 of 2,028 cases had less than the 12 LNC target. Logistic regression revealed a strong association between meeting the LNC target and pathologist (p<0.001) but TDpos was non-predictive (p = 0.4736).

Conclusions
Positive lymph node call rate has a good consistency in the laboratory; however, lymph node count varies significantly between pathologists. Standardized counting criteria are needed to improve uniformity and could be aided by synoptic reporting data.
Reflexões sobre a competência em informação nos arquivos, o combate à desinformação e a relação com a Agenda 2030
Authors: Lima Débora Solange Oliveira , Batista Iane Maria da Silva , Oliveira Hamilton Vieira de 
Published: February 2024

Aborda-se uma reflexão sobre os arquivos, a competência em informação e a desinformação, pertinentes para um desenvolvimento sustentável, na questão do direito ao acesso à informação, proporcionando a garantia desse direito fundamental previsto na Constituição Federal. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar quais as ações da CoInfo os arquivos podem desenvolver para combater a desinformação, considerando a Agenda 2030, em sua meta 16.10, para assegurar o acesso público à informação e proteger as liberdades fundamentais, em conformidade com a legislação nacional e os acordos internacionais. A Metodologia utilizada é a descritiva, exploratória, qualitativa, bibliográfica e documental. As estratégias dispostas para este estudo enquadram-se na coleta de dados na Base de Dados Referenciais de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação e da análise do Manifesto Político sobre Competência em Informação 2022 Bibliotecário: Profissional Luz. Os resultados desta pesquisa indicam que das dezessete ações sugeridas para bibliotecas, nove podem ser adaptadas para os arquivos, visando o combate à desinformação. Desta forma, espera-se provocar uma reflexão construtiva e promissora.
Entre nación y revolución
Authors: Vaschetto Mariano 
Published: February 2024

El 9 de diciembre de 1971 se firmó el Manifiesto fundacional del Frente de Izquierda Popular (FIP), espacio político liderado por Blas Alberti, Jorge E. Spilimbergo y Jorge A. Ramos (Galasso, 1983). La conformación de esta fuerza significó el punto culminante de un proceso de confluencia entre diversos actores que venían llevando adelante una elaboración teórico-crítica original. Encabezado por figuras de la intelectualidad argentina (en particular por Ramos), este colectivo heterogéneo que podríamos denominar como “nacionalismo marxista” rastreaba sus orígenes fundamentalmente al momento de irrupción del peronismo en el escenario político nacional, y el impacto que éste supuso para las izquierdas argentinas. La conformación del FIP supondría la tercera “encarnación” partidaria de esta corriente ideológico-política.
Este trabajo se propone realizar un repaso del recorrido histórico previo del heterogéneo espacio del nacionalismo marxista y sus principales lineamientos teóricos y políticos, para luego detenerse particularmente en su experiencia en la ciudad de Santa Fe. El trabajo recupera la experiencia militante de miembros que participaron de dicho espacio en un período comprendido entre la década del ’60 y la transición democrática de 1983. Nos centraremos particularmente en qué formas organizativas asumió el espacio en la ciudad, de qué manera intervino públicamente, y cómo se posicionó frente a la coyuntura política nacional del período. Para abordar el tema nos valdremos de la publicación oficial del FIP (Izquierda Popular, editada entre septiembre de 1972 y marzo de 1976) y testimonios de militantes de la organización, apoyándonos también en bibliografía específica sobre el tema.
RDMUC: Various Approaches to Research Data Repositories in Munich
Authors: Arnold Eckhart , Berg-Weiß Alexander , Grossmann Yves Vincent , Grummann Martin , Hachinger Stephan , Klopova Olga , Leiminger Larissa , Munke Johannes , Spenger Martin , Wachtler Thomas , Wolter Christine , Zastrow Thomas 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
In der Vielfalt liegt eine Stärke. Der Beitrag demonstriert dies anhand der unterschiedlichen Open Source-Software-Lösungen für Datenrepositorien an wissenschaftlichen Institutionen in der Region München. Hier werden auf engem geographischen Raum diverse sich stark unterscheidende Software-Lösungen als Basis für Repositorien verwendet. Dabei handelt es sich nicht um einen Selbstzweck. Der Text präsentiert die angewandte Software in den jeweiligen Nutzungsszenarien sowie mit den eingesetzten Leistungsmerkmalen. Hierdurch bieten die folgenden Seiten auch über München hinaus eine Orientierung für andere wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen bei der Auswahl einer geeigneten Software für ein Forschungsdatenrepositorium.
Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie2 are diagnostic biomarkers for Henoch-Schönlein purpura and pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematous
Authors: Jia Lishan , Li Xiaozhong , Shen Jiayun , Teng Yan , Zhang Baoqin , Zhang Min , Gu Yueqin , Xu Hong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) and pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) are closely associated with vasculitis and vascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the clinical diagnostic values of Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie2 for HSP and pSLE. We surveyed 82 HSP patients, 34 pSLE patients, and 10 healthy children. The expression levels of Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie2 in the serum and urine were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The diagnostic values of Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie2 for HSP and pSLE were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The results revealed that the serum and urine expression levels of Ang-2 and Tie2 were significantly elevated in HSP and pSLE patients, whereas the Ang-1/Ang-2 values were reduced. Additionally, Ang-1 was highly expressed in the serum and urine of HSP patients and in the serum of pSLE patients. Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie2 showed differential expression in various types of HSP and pSLE compared with their expression in healthy controls. In summary, Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie2 can serve as biomarkers for HSP and pSLE. Moreover, Ang-1/Ang-2 values are reduced in HSP and pSLE patients. Ang-1, Ang-2, and Tie2 can be used as biomarkers for HSP and pSLE.
Optimal allocation of sample size for randomization-based inference from 2
K
factorial designs
Authors: Ravichandran Arun , Pashley Nicole E. , Libgober Brian , Dasgupta Tirthankar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Optimizing the allocation of units into treatment groups can help researchers improve the precision of causal estimators and decrease costs when running factorial experiments. However, existing optimal allocation results typically assume a super-population model and that the outcome data come from a known family of distributions. Instead, we focus on randomization-based causal inference for the finite-population setting, which does not require model specifications for the data or sampling assumptions. We propose exact theoretical solutions for optimal allocation in

2

K

{2}^{K}

factorial experiments under complete randomization with A-, D-, and E-optimality criteria. We then extend this work to factorial designs with block randomization. We also derive results for optimal allocations when using cost-based constraints. To connect our theory to practice, we provide convenient integer-constrained programming solutions using a greedy optimization approach to find integer optimal allocation solutions for both complete and block randomizations. The proposed methods are demonstrated using two real-life factorial experiments conducted by social scientists.
The association of folate deficiency with clinical and radiological severity of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Abedi Majid , Mollashahi Javan Hasan , Khosravi Asal , Rohani Reza , Mohammadsharifi Ghasem 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Context
Folate deficiency is often observed in patients with inflammatory diseases, raising questions about its role in knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression.

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the association of folate deficiency with the clinical and radiological severity of knee OA.

Methods
A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1, 2019 to January 1, 2020. Primary knee OA patients referred to orthopedic clinics in Zabol, Iran were included. Radiographic severity was gauged utilizing the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) classification. For clinical severity, patients completed the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. IBM SPSS v.27 facilitated the statistical analysis.

Results
Forty-nine knee OA patients, averaging 67.45±13.44 years in age, were analyzed. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between folate levels and both WOMAC and KL scores. The correlation was stronger between folate and KL score (Spearman correlation coefficient: −0.75) than between folate and WOMAC total score (Spearman correlation coefficient: −0.46). Additionally, a significantly higher KL score was observed in patients with folate deficiency (p=0.004).

Conclusions
Our study highlights a significant correlation between folate deficiency and increased severity of OA, which is evident in radiological and clinical assessments. These findings suggest that folate plays a key role in OA pathogenesis and could be a modifiable factor in its management.
Cholinergic-sensitive theta oscillations in memory encoding in mice
Authors: Gu Zhenglin , Stevanovic Korey D. , Cushman Jesse D. , Yakel Jerrel L. 
Published: February 2024

Cholinergic regulation of hippocampal theta oscillations has long been proposed to be a potential mechanism underlying hippocampus-dependent memory encoding processes. However, cholinergic transmission has been traditionally associated with type II theta under urethane anesthesia. The mechanisms and behavioral significance of cholinergic regulation of type I theta in freely exploring animals is much less clear. In this study, we examined the potential behavioral significance of cholinergic regulation of theta oscillations in the object location task in male mice that involves training and testing trials and provides an ideal behavioral task to study the underlying memory encoding and retrieval processes, respectively. Cholinergic regulation of hippocampal theta oscillations and the behavioral outcomes was examined by either intrahippocampal infusion of cholinergic receptor antagonists or knocking out cholinergic receptors in excitatory neurons or interneurons. We found that both muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) and α7 nicotinic AChRs (α7 nAChRs) regulated memory encoding by engaging excitatory neurons and interneurons, respectively. There is a transient upregulated theta oscillation at the beginning of individual object exploration events that only occurred in the training trials, but not in the testing trials. This transient upregulated theta is also the only theta component that significantly differed between training and testing trials and was sensitive to mAChR and α7 nAChR antagonists. Thus, our study has revealed a transient cholinergic-sensitive theta component that is specifically associated with memory encoding, but not memory retrieval, in the object location task, providing direct experimental evidence supporting a role for cholinergic-regulated theta oscillations in hippocampus-dependent memory encoding processes.Significance statementIn this study, we made several important findings regarding cholinergic mechanisms regulating hippocampal memory formation in the object location task. Firstly, both hippocampal mAChRs and the α7 nAChRs regulated the memory encoding process in the object location task by engaging glutamatergic neurons and interneurons, respectively. Secondly, upregulated theta oscillations were observed in the pre-exploration period in training trials, but not in the testing trials, suggesting a role in novelty encoding/learning. Thirdly, the upregulated theta was sensitive to mAChR and α7 nAChR antagonists and receptor knockouts in neuronal subpopulations. Taken together, these observations provide direct experimental evidence supporting a role for cholinergic-regulated theta oscillations in hippocampal memory encoding process.
Performance of Public Transport Appraisal using Machine Learning
Authors: R. Thiagarajan Et al. 
Published: February 2024

Public passenger transport holds immense significance in the overall transportation system. Forecasting the movement of public transport has emerged as a crucial problem in transport planning due to its practical implications. Recently, there has been a lot of significant attention in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), introducing various advancements and innovative applications to develop conditions for public transit that are safer, more effective, and fun. To fully leverage the potential of ITS applications and deal with road situations proactively, it becomes crucial to have a reliable method for predicting traffic flow. This opens up opportunities for ITS applications to anticipate and address potential challenges in advance. Enhancing the efficient functioning of Public Transport (PT) networks is a primary objective for urban area authorities, and the proliferation of location and communication devices has led to an abundance of operational data. Applying appropriate Machine Learning (ML) methods can help identify patterns in the data to improve the Schedule Plan. This research focuses on heterogeneous information that influences the prediction value, aiming to predict the required transport demand for specific routes and the arrival time of public transport. Utilizing DBSCAN clustering with SARIMA Algorithm, real-time passenger demand forecasting is extensively promoted to enhance dynamic bus scheduling and management. Furthermore, this paper compares the accuracy of the proposed Prophet Model with traditional time series models like ARIMA and SARIMA. The aim is to provide precise and robust passenger demand predictions, enabling more effective planning and management of PT services.
Revolutionizing Breast Cancer Detection: Enhanced Mammogram Analysis with Modified Xception and Self-Attention
Authors: Sreevidya Nelli Et al. 
Published: February 2024

In the realm of precision medicine, the intersection of state-of-the-art technology and disease identification has ushered in a new era of accuracy in healthcare diagnostics. This paper reviews a groundbreaking research endeavor aiming to enhance breast cancer detection in mammograms through the synergistic application of transfer learning, architectural modifications, and advanced optimization techniques.
At the core of this research is the concept of transfer learning, leveraging insights gained from one domain to illuminate another. The study extends this paradigm to the Xception architecture, renowned for its proficiency in discerning intricate patterns within images. However, the novelty lies in the intelligent modification of Xception to be specifically attuned to breast cancer detection. By fine-tuning the network's final layers, the model's innate ability to understand features is harmonized with the complexities of mammographic images, ensuring sensitivity to nuanced markers of potential malignancy.
A distinctive aspect of this research is the incorporation of a self-attention mechanism, mirroring human visual processing. This mechanism dynamically highlights crucial regions within mammograms, transforming the model into an active interpreter capable of identifying subtle textures, shapes, and edges indicative of breast cancer. This adaptive approach enhances the model's finesse in navigating diverse breast cancer cases effectively.
Throughout the training phase, optimization is pivotal for steering the research towards success. The utilization of the Adam optimizer, known for its adaptability in learning rates and moment estimations, guides the process, ensuring precise gradient descent through complex patterns. The integration of the rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function further empowers the model to capture intricate relationships within data, enhancing its ability to identify subtle cancer markers. This review comprehensively explores the innovative strides made in breast cancer detection, shedding light on the nuanced interplay of transfer learning, architectural adjustments, self-attention mechanisms, and advanced optimization techniques. The modified Xception model emerges as a promising tool in the pursuit of accurate and sensitive breast cancer diagnostics.