bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infrared medium and long wave fusion algorithm based on gray- scale deviation mapping
Authors: Zhao Ling , Zhou Kuan , Yu Song-lin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

To address the challenges of combining medium and long wave dual-band infrared pseudo-color images that contain blurred fusion information and insignificant characterizations, this paper presents an all-informative color mapping algorithm. The algorithm provides practical value for color mapping of fused infrared images by analyzing the relationship between balanced color adjustment and preservation of source image data, ensuring that the pseudo-color fusion effect in infrared images highlights the difference in information across various bands while also complying with human visual perception. The algorithm is based on vectors of gray scale variations that are mapped to color in the HIS color space, with the final display in the RGB color space. Simulation and experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the algorithm. The algorithm has also been used in a real-time dual-band infrared color fusion system using FPGA hardware design for engineering purposes.
Improving real-time and remote monitoring system for diabetic subjects using flash continuous glucose measurement: accuracy and reliability
Authors: Goez-Mora Jhon E. , Córdoba Natalia Arbeláez , Balcazar-Morales Norman , Rivadeneira Pablo S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Flash glucose monitoring systems like the FreeStyle Libre (FSL) sensor have gained popularity for monitoring glucose levels in people with diabetes mellitus. This sensor can be paired with an off-label converted real-time continuous glucose monitor (c-rtCGM) plus an ad hoc computer/smartphone interface for remote real-time monitoring of diabetic subjects, allowing for trend analysis and alarm generation.
Objectives: This work evaluates the accuracy and agreement between the FSL sensor and the developed c-rtCGM system. As real-time monitoring is the main feature, the system's connectivity was assessed at five-minute intervals during the trials.
Methods: One week of glucose data was collected from 16 type 1 diabetic rats using the FSL sensor and the c-rtCGM. Baseline blood samples were taken the first day before inducing type 1 diabetes with streptozotocin. Once confirmed diabetic rats, FSL and c-rtCGM, were implanted, and to improve data matching between the two monitoring devices, the c-rtCGM was calibrated to the FSL glucometer readings. Accuracy, agreement, and connectivity were assessed by mean absolute relative difference (MARD), range averaging times, Parkes consensus error grid analysis (EGA), and Bland-Altman analysis.
Results: Compared to the FSL sensor, the c-rtCGM had an overall MARD of 9.07%, with 93.06% of results in zone A when calibration was carried out. When calibration frequency changed from every 50 hours to 1 hour, the overall MARD improved from 8.58% to 4.69%, respectively. The connectivity evaluation showed that 95% of data was successfully received every 5 minutes by the computer interface.
Conclusions and clinical importance: The results demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of real-time and remote subjects with diabetes monitoring using the developed c-rtCGM system. Performing calibrations relative to the FSL readings increases the accuracy of the data displayed at the interface.
Pulsed heating of the self-actuated cantilever: an exact solution investigation of non-axial temperature gradients
Authors: Becker Sid , Gutschmidt Stefanie , Boyd Bradley , Zhao Dan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Self-actuated bimorph cantilevers are implemented in a variety of micro-electro-mechanical systems. Their tip deflection relies on the unmatched coefficients of thermal expansion between layers. The thermal bimorph phenomenon is dependent on the temperature rise within the cantilever and while previous studies have investigated variations in the thermal profile along the cantilever length, these have usually neglected variations in the thermal profile along the cantilever thickness. The current study investigates the thermal distribution across the thickness of the cantilever. The exact closed form solution to the problem of heat conduction in the composite (layered) domain subjected to transient volumetric heating is developed using the appropriate Green’s function. This solution is applied to a 3-layer cantilever with an Aluminium heater, a Silicon Dioxide resistive layer, and a Silicon base layer. The Aluminum heater experiences volumetric heating at a rate of 0.2 mW/μm3 of 5μs duration at 100 μs intervals. Benchmark solutions of the temperature at select times and positions are provided. It is shown that there are non-negligible temperature gradients across the cantilever thickness during the heating and the first 5μs afterwards. These short-lived temperature differences are significant in magnitude and are positively biased with the unmatched thermal expansion coefficients between the layers. These temperature differences, which have previously been neglected, are important because they will act to enhance bending.
Effect of COVID-19 pandemic severity on one-year mortality in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with and without diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yuan Qi , Li Xicong , Lu Lifei , Zha Yuanyi , Liu Bei , Guo Ruiwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: The effect of COVID-19 pandemic severity on ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with and without diabetic mellitus (DM) remains unknown. This study sought to examine how the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic affected mortality in these individuals.
Methods: We gathered clinical information and treatment results for STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) at the 920th Hospital in Yunnan, China, between January 2020 and December 2021. We divided the 2-year COVID-19 pandemic period into sporadic and outbreak period according to the monthly numbers of COVID-19 patients with new diagnoses. The differences in one-year all-cause mortality between COVID-19 sporadic and outbreak periods in STEMI patients with and without DM were compared using Cox-proportional hazards model.
Results: We enrolled 723 STEMI patients, including 156 with and 567 without DM. DM patients had less medications at discharge during the COVID-19 outbreak period than those in the sporadic period. According to multifactorial Cox-proportional hazards model, DM patients had higher one-year mortality risk during the COVID-19 outbreak period than those in the sporadic period (hazard ratio [HR] 4.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–15.31, P = 0.031). However, there was no difference in patients without DM (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.46–1.56, P = 0.601).
Conclusions: One-year mortality in STEMI patients with DM increased with the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there was no difference in patients without DM.
Trial registration: The Medical Ethics Council of Kunming Medical University's 920th Hospital approved the research project, and all patients submitted written informed permission forms before participating in the study (2015067).
Anoikis-related gene signature predict the prognosis and immune infiltration characterization of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kang Xiu-He , Zhang Meng-Yu , Li Rui , Bai Hong-Yan , Li Tian-Tian , Zhang Fu-Shuai , Niu Zong-Ge , Qu Yi-Qing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Anoikis is a mechanism utilized by organisms to defend against foreign cellular infiltration in various cancers. Anoikis-related genes (ARGs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are still poorly understood.
Methods:ARGs were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Concurrently, enrichment analysis were conducted using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Cox regression analysis was employed to identify prognostic genes of significance, which were subsequently utilized to establish a predictive model and calculate risk scores for individual patients. To forecast the likelihood of patient survival at different time intervals, a nomogram was constructed. Additionally, the relationship between ARGs and immunogenomic features of LUAD was elucidated using Single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA), while the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database was utilized to verify the protein expression levels of the underlying ARGs. Ultimately, the association between LATS2 expression levels and TP53 mutation status，survival, clinical outcomes as well as the immune infiltration was explored.
Results: The results of functional enrichment analysis demonstrated a significant enrichment of differentially expressed ARGs in pathways associated with the cell cycle. Based on the findings from the cox regression analysis conducted in this study, a six-ARGs expression signature comprising TIMP1, SLC2A1, TRAF2, LDHA, LATS2, and HOXA10 was established. The consistency between the nomogram and actual observations was remarkably high, suggesting a high level of predictive accuracy. Noteworthy differences in immune-cell and immune-checkpoint markers were observed between the low-risk and high-risk cohorts. The hypothesis was validated by the HPA database, which confirmed that the molecules implicated in the risk model exhibit distinct expression patterns in tumors compared to normal tissues. Within the set of six analyzed ARGs, a significant association between LATS2 and immune infiltration was identified.
Conclusions:We discovered a 6 genes expression pattern related to anoikis. The risk model developed in this study may be useful in the prediction of patient survival.
A global analysis of the Rubus virome using public transcriptome data
Authors: Higuita Mónica , Pérez Alejandra , Gallo Yuliana , Gutiérrez Pablo A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Viruses are the causal agent of some of the most limiting diseases in Rubus crops. In this regard, a detailed knowledge of the Rubus virome is essential for the successful implementation of mitigation strategies and to assess the risk of emergence of novel viral diseases. Fortunately, the widespread use of RNA sequencing to characterize diverse aspects about the biology of Rubus species can also be a valuable source of data on viruses associated with these hosts. Here, we present a meta-analysis of the Rubus virome based on the re-examination of public RNAseq data from nine Rubus species and 23 hybrid cultivars across the world. As a result, we identified 23 viruses and one viroid associated with the genus Rubus. Detected viruses are part of eleven families and 26 genera. We a provide evidence for existence of a second species in the genus Brambyvirus, and a novel member of the family Virgaviridae. Our data also revealed raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) to be the most prevalent and generalist Rubus virus across the world. In terms of number of species, the genus Ilarvirus and the family Closteroviridae were the most diverse taxonomic rank affecting Rubus. Network analysis revealed distinct Rubus viromes in different countries and analysis of coinfections revealed three main viral communities infecting these plant species across the world. We also provide information on virus variants from new locations across the world and data on potential emergent viruses from other plant hosts.
Remote Disseminated Vaccine-Strain Varicella-Zoster Virus in an Adolescent with Secondary Immunodeficiency: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Fashina Oluwatomini A. , Chuang Tony M. , Galardy Paul J. , Huskins W. Charles , Levy Emily R. , Streck Nicholas T. , Chakraborty Rana 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Routine childhood immunization against varicella-zoster virus has led to a dramatic reduction in the incidence of primary varicella. However, there are rare, yet significant cases reported of reactivated Oka-strain varicella, primarily in immunocompromised hosts.Case Presentation A 16-year-old female with Hodgkin’s lymphoma developed a tender vesicular rash shortly after completing chemotherapy. Swabs obtained from the vesicles were positive for varicella-zoster virus. By the time of hospitalization, the patient developed a disseminated rash involving multiple dermatomes. Subsequent polymerase chain reaction confirmed Oka vaccine-strain varicella-zoster virus. The patient had previously received a primary series against varicella in 2008 and 2012, 11 years before her diagnosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The patient was treated with parenteral acyclovir upon hospitalization and was monitored clinically for cutaneous disease progression as well as sequelae. After 8 days of inpatient treatment, her rash had stopped spreading with no new lesions. All earlier lesions had crusted over. No serious sequelae of disease such as pneumonitis, hepatitis, encephalitis, or meningitis occurred, and she made a complete recovery.Conclusions There are individual and community-wide benefits to childhood immunization against varicella. This case highlights an unusual presentation of disseminated vaccine-strain varicella-zoster virus in an adolescent with secondary immunodeficiency 11 years after completing primary immunization. In addition, this case informs pediatricians of complications that can arise in immunized subjects if they become immunosuppressed years later. Providers should be cognizant of potential vaccine virus reactivation in their differential. Considerations for work-up and management should include infection control and viral resistance in refractory cases.
Local excision versus radical surgery for anal squamous cell carcinoma –a multicenter study in Japan-
Authors: Murai Shin , Nozawa Hiroaki , Yamada Kazutaka , Saiki Yasumitsu , Sasaki Kazuhito , Murono Koji , Emoto Shigenobu , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki , Yokoyama Yuichiro , Abe Shinya , Nagai Yuzo , Yoshioka Yuichiro , Shinagawa Takahide , Sonoda Hirofumi , Sugihara Kenichi , Ajioka Yoichi , Ishihara Soichiro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The standard treatment for anal squamous cell carcinoma is chemoradiation therapy (CRT), but there is a possibility of overtreatment for early stage disease. cTisN0 and cT1N0 disease is currently indicated for local excision, but it is unclear whether the indication of local excision can be expanded to cT2N0 disease.
Methods
126 patients with cTis-T2N0 anal cancer treated at 47 centers in Japan between 1991 and 2015 were included. Patients were first classified into the CRT group and surgical therapy group according to the initial therapy, and the latter was further divided into local excision (LE) and radical surgery (RS) groups. We compared prognoses among the groups, and analyzed risk factors for recurrence after local excision.
Results
The CRT group (n = 87) and surgical therapy group (n = 39) showed no difference in relapse-free survival (p = 0.29) and overall survival (p = 0.94). Relapse-free survival curves in the LE (n = 23) and RS groups (n = 16) overlapped for the initial 3 years, but the curve for the LE group went lower beyond (p = 0.33). By contrast, there was no difference in overall survival between the two groups (p = 0.98). In the LE group, the majority of recurrences distributed in locoregional areas, which could be managed by salvage treatments. Muscular invasion was associated with recurrence after local excision (hazard ratio: 22.91, p = 0.011).
Conclusion
LE may be applied to selected patients with anal cancer of cT2N0 stage. Given the high risk of recurrence in cases with muscular invasion, it may be important to consider close surveillance and additional treatment in such patients.
A unilateral external fixator combined with bone transport and tibia-talar fusion for the treatment of severe postoperative infection of peri-ankle fractures
Authors: Qinghu Li , Xin Wang , Yonghui Wang , Fanxiao Liu , Baisheng Fu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the clinical effects of a unilateral external fixator combined with bone transport and tibial-talar fusion in the treatment of severe postoperative infection of peri-ankle fractures.
Methods
The clinical data of 32 patients (22 men and 10 women) with severe postoperative infection of peri-ankle fractures were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ age ranged from 26 to 62 (mean, 42 ± 9.5) years old. The types of fractures were as follows: distal tibial fracture in 25 cases, distal tibial and fibula fracture in 5 cases, and talus fracture in 2 cases. All patients underwent treatment with unilateral external fixation combined with bone transport and tibia-talar fusion. In the initial stage, 6 patients with severe infection received treatment involving focal debridement and external fixation. In the second stage, they underwent osteotomy and bone transport. The remaining 26 patients underwent debridement, external fixation, and osteotomy simultaneously. The length of bone transport, total fixation time of the external fixator, and postoperative complications were recorded for all patients. The efficacy of the treatment was assessed using the American Association of Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score.
Results
Patients were followed up for 16–36 months, with an average follow-up time of 24 months. The length of tibial bone transport ranged from 5 to 15 cm, with a mean length of 8.5 cm. The external fixator was applied for 12–24 months, with an average duration of 16 months. One patient experienced a re-fracture of the tibial-talar fusion after the removal of the external fixation, while eventually recovered well. No complications, such as recurrent infection, poor mineralization, refracture, or fusion failure, were found in the remaining patients. The preoperative AOFAS ankle hindfoot function score was 40.0 ± 3.8 (range, 30–52)points, and it increased to 75.0 ± 3.0 (range, 67–78) points at the last follow-up.
Conclusion
A unilateral external fixator combined with bone transport and tibial-talar fusion is an effective method for treating severe postoperative infection of peri-ankle fractures. This approach is capable of reconstructing large bone defects that remain after clearing the infected lesion. Additionally, it provides stability to the ankle, enhances ankle-hindfoot function, and improves the patient’s quality of life.
Prediction of the risk of severe small bowel obstruction and effects of Houpu Paiqi mixture in patients undergoing surgery for small bowel obstruction
Authors: Wang Ze-zheng , Liu Zhe-kui , Ma Wen-xing , Duan Xiang-long , Wu Yun-hua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim: Small bowel obstruction is a common condition that requires emergency surgery. Postoperative complications can result in severe small bowel obstruction (SSBO), which may greatly impact recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to identify factors that predict SSBO, to allow early intervention for patients likely to develop this condition.Methods:Of the 260 patients who underwent emergency or elective surgery for small bowel obstruction between January 2018 and December 2022, 45 developed SSBO. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was applied to optimize factor selection and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to construct a predictive model. The performance and clinical utility of the nomogram were determined and internal validation was conducted. In addition, the effects of the Houpu Paiqi mixture on postoperative recovery were analyzed by comparing the clinical data of 28 patients who were treated with the mixture and 61 randomly selected patients who were not.Results:The predictors included in the prediction nomogram were age, peritonitis, intestinal resection and anastomosis, complications, operation time, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, white blood cell count, and procalcitonin level. The model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.948 (95% confidence interval: 0.814–0.956). Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the SSBO risk nomogram had a good net clinical benefit. In addition, treatment with the Houpu Paiqi mixture reduced postoperative exhaust time, postoperative defecation time, time to first postoperative liquid feed, and length of stay in hospital.Conclusions:We developed a nomogram that can assist clinicians in identifying patients at greater risk of SSBO, which may aid in early diagnosis and intervention. Additionally, we found that the Houpu Paiqi mixture promoted postoperative recovery.
Syndrome Types Classification Method of Skin Diseases Based on Tongue Hierarchical Feature Fusion
Authors: Wang Xianmi , Wang Shasha , Wang Lin , Li Pu , Ji Zhihang , Xia Liye , Shang Zhiwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Tongue diagnosis is a non-invasive, painless diagnostic method by observing the tongue image of patients to diagnose and analyze their pathological conditions, which provides an opportunity for the future development of tongue diagnosis. However, the traditional tongue diagnosis method mainly relies on the experience and judgment of doctors, and is also easily affected by external factors. These factors hinder the development and application of tongue diagnosis. Currently, most studies use machine learning, which is time consuming and labor intensive. Other studies use deep learning based on convolutional neural network (CNN), but the affine transformation of CNN is less robust and easily loses the spatial relationship between features. In this work, we propose a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome classification model of skin diseases based on tongue image hierarchical feature fusion. By adding a multi-scale residual module to the feature extraction part of the capsule network, we can extracted richer feature of tongue image. At the same time, the attention mechanism module is embedded in the multi-scale residual module, with the help of the attention mechanism module, the interference of tongue impurity information is suppressed, and accurate features are extracted for classification. Through experiments, it has been proven that our proposed method has achieved accuracy of 89.6\% in the classification of tongue for acne syndrome, and accuracy of 91.6\% in the dermatitis syndrome.
Analyzing Landslide Susceptibility of Forest Roads by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Of Forest Planning Unit of Turkiye
Authors: Küçüker Derya Mumcu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Forest roads are essential for the management of forest goods and services. However, the forest roads located in areas prone to landslides, particularly in Black Sea Region in Turkiye, can be damaged. Hence, the interest in Landslide Susceptibility Maps (LSMs) an important decision basis has become one of the crucial concerns in landslide risk areas in order to determine where to build new roads or to take necessary precautions on existing roads. This study aims to reveal the potential risk of forest roads for landslide in the Of Planning Unit. For this purpose, LSM was created by combining the MCDA Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) related to expert knowledge and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Twelve landslide-related criteria, such as slope, bedrock type, relative relief, drainage density and frequency, rainfall, and land cover, were fabricated in raster format by ArcGIS domain. After the effects or weights of each main or sub factor were calculated by the pairwise comparison matrix in AHP, each layer was assigned to weight. The potential landslide areas were separated into five different categories, including extremely low, low, moderate, high, and extremely high through overlay analysis in ArcMap. Then overlapping analysis with forest roads and LSM was performed to obtain information on what planned roads are located in landslide-prone areas. The results indicated that this area is greatly susceptible to landslides. In addition, 18.45% of all roads are detected to be under high and extremely high risk, 28.7% of all roads are figured out to be under moderate susceptibility classes, and the remains are found to be under low and extremely low susceptibility classes. With respect to the high performance of AUC value (81%), the AHP technique can be used in landslide hazard risk management.