bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute renal failure in African children with Burkitt's lymphoma: A comparison of two treatment regimens
Authors: Olowu Wasiu A. , Elusiyan Jerome B.E. , Badejo Sekinat A. , Adenowo Olusola A. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe outcome for patients presenting with acute renal failure and Burkitt lymphoma (BLARF) without dialysis is poor. This was a retrospective non‐randomized comparative study designed to determine the outcome of two different treatment protocols.MethodsOne group of patients (TPA) received oral allopurinol, intravenous (IV) cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, furosemide, 8.4% sodium bicarbonate, and intrathecal (IT) methotrexate; the other (TPB) alternate day IV infusion of low dose cyclosphosphamide (125 mg/m2 × 4 doses), IT methotrexate (Days 1 and 5) and aggressive pre‐emptive anti‐tumor lysis syndrome therapy including oral allopurinol and calcium lactate, IV calcium gluconate, salbutamol, insulin and infusions of furosemide, sodium bicarbonate and glucose.ResultsNine of 16 received TPA, 7 received TPB. Post chemotherapy anemia was more severe with TPA (P < 0.05). TPB patients received significantly more chemotherapy than those in TPA (P = 0.04). All 16 had tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Six of nine patients with TPA died from this (three from other causes), two deaths in TPB were due to causes other than tumor lysis. Other evaluated outcome indices were similar in both groups.ConclusionSlow IV infusion of low dose cyclophosphamide given on alternate days in addition to pre‐emptive anti‐TLS measures (TPB) were associated with better outcome in BLARF patients compared to a high dose multiple chemotherapy regimen (TPA). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006, 46:446–453. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prenatal diagnosis of de novo (7;19)(q11.2;q13.3) translocation associated with a thick corpus callosum and Wilms tumor of the kidneys
Authors: Cavicchioni Ottavia , Gomes Denise Molina , Leroy Brigitte , Vialard François , Hillion Yvette , Selva Jacqueline , Ville Yves 
Published: September 2005

AbstractWe present a case of prenatal diagnosis of a de novo (7;19)(q11.2;q13.3) translocation associated with ultrasound features, including enlarged cisterna magna, normal vermis, thick corpus callosum, micrognathia, small and low‐set ears and right hyperechogenic kidney. Karyotyping was performed at 24 weeks of gestation. Termination of pregnancy was accepted at the parents' request. Postmortem examination confirmed the prenatal findings, but revealed bilateral Wilms tumors of the kidneys. Parental karyotype was normal. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal diagnosis of Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
Authors: Williams Daniel H. , Gauthier Daniel W. , Maizels Max 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjectivesThe diagnosis of Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) typically is made after birth. To our knowledge, no established guidelines exist for the prenatal diagnosis of this condition. We present two new cases of prenatally diagnosed BWS and propose a diagnostic schema.MethodsPublished reports obtained from Medline searches were reviewed and combined with our cases.ResultsOur proposed schema of two major criteria (abdominal wall defect, macroglossia, macrosomia) or one major plus two minor criteria (nephromegaly/dysgenesis, adrenal cytomegaly, aneuploidy/abnormal loci, polyhydramnios) fits all published reports of prenatally diagnosed BWS.ConclusionThe prenatal diagnosis of BWS can be reliably made by applying our proposed guidelines. This schema allows for uniform fetal diagnosis of the syndrome and helps prepare for prenatal counseling and peri‐ and post‐natal management strategies. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's disease): a ‘hepatic myeloid hyperplasia‐pulmonary hypoplasia sequence’ can explain the lethality of early onset cases
Authors: Wright James R. , Van den Hof Michiel C. , Macken Marian B. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractBackgroundInfantile cortical hyperostosis (ICH) is benign and self‐limiting when it presents near or after birth but is usually lethal when it presents earlier.MethodsWe present the clinical, ultrasonic, radiographic and pathologic findings in an instructive case of early onset prenatal ICH.ResultsA 40‐year‐old G2P1 woman delivered spontaneously at 22 weeks' gestation. Prenatal ultrasounds showed rib and mandibular abnormalities as well as short humeri. Post‐mortem radiographs showed asymmetric hyperostosis in long bones, mandible, scapulae and pelvis with sparing of spine, hands, feet and skull. The affected skeleton showed marked bony sclerosis and ballooning of the diaphyses of the long bones with periosteal sclerosis. A complete autopsy showed characteristic histologic findings in affected bones. Previous reports at 20+ weeks have described anasarca, fetal hydrops, hepatomegaly, and pulmonary hypoplasia. In our case, there was no hydrops/anasarca; hepatomegaly, due to massive extramedullary hematopoiesis with marked myeloid hyperplasia, combined with ribcage abnormalities, caused mild pulmonary hypoplasia.ConclusionWe hypothesize that early onset fetal ICH is usually lethal because massive hepatic myeloid hyperplasia sequentially causes: (1) hepatomegaly and, in conjunction with rib abnormalities, mild pulmonary hypoplasia, (2) sinusoidal and pre‐sinusoidal portal hypertension followed by ascites/hydrops, and (3) ascites/hydrops‐induced severe pulmonary hypoplasia. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isolated right diaphragmatic eventration mimicking congenital heart disease in utero
Authors: Yang C.‐K. , Shih J.‐C. , Hsu W.‐M. , Peng S.‐S. , Shyu M.‐K. , Lee C.‐N. , Hsieh F.‐J. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractDiaphragmatic eventration is the upward displacement of the abdominal viscera secondary to a thin or paralytic diaphragm. Its clinical presentations and radiographic pictures are similar to those of diaphragmatic hernia. Prenatal diagnosis of diaphragmatic eventration is extremely rare. A pregnant woman was referred to us because of abnormal cardiac findings noted at 20 weeks of gestation. A diagnosis of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection was made on the basis of our findings of right atrial enlargement with an abnormal vascular channel drainage to it. The infant was born via cesarean section at 40 weeks and developed complications of cyanosis immediately after birth. Postnatal imaging studies and surgical findings disclosed right side diaphragmatic eventration with liver and associated vasculature upward displacement into the right pleural cavity. The cardiac structure was otherwise normal. We conclude that when an abnormal vessel tracing and unexplainable cardiac chamber asymmetry is encountered, diaphragmatic eventration should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses. Correct recognition and transferral to the hospital for neonatal assistance may lead to timely and appropriate management of these fetuses. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Energy payback and life‐cycle CO2 emissions of the BOS in an optimized 3·5 MW PV installation
Authors: Mason J. E. , Fthenakis V. M. , Hansen T. , Kim H. C. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis study is a life‐cycle analysis of the balance of system (BOS) components of the 3·5 MWp multi‐crystalline PV installation at Tucson Electric Power's (TEP) Springerville, AZ field PV plant. TEP instituted an innovative PV installation program guided by design optimization and cost minimization. The advanced design of the PV structure incorporated the weight of the PV modules as an element of support design, thereby eliminating the need for concrete foundations. The estimate of the life‐cycle energy requirements embodied in the BOS is 542 MJ/m2, a 71% reduction from those of an older central plant; the corresponding life‐cycle greenhouse gas emissions are 29 kg CO2 eq./m2. From field measurements, the energy payback time (EPT) of the BOS is 0·21 years for the actual location of this plant, and 0·37 years for average US insolation/temperature conditions. This is a great improvement from the EPT of about 1·3 years, estimated for an older central plant. The total cost of the balance of system components was $940 US per kWp of installed PV, another milestone in improvement. These results were verified with data from different databases and further tested with sensitivity‐ and data‐uncertainty analyses. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of sulfonated poly(imidoaryl ether sulfone) membranes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
Authors: Kim Dae Sik , Park Ho Bum , Jang Jae Young , Lee Young Moo 
Published: October 2005

AbstractNew sulfonated poly(imidoaryl ether sulfone) copolymers derived from sulfonated 4,4′‐dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, 4,4′‐dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, and imidoaryl biphenol were evaluated as polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cells. The sulfonated membranes were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The state of water in the membranes was measured with differential scanning calorimetry, and the existence of free water and bound water was discussed in terms of the sulfonation level. The 10 wt % weight loss temperatures of these copolymers were above 470 °C, indicating excellent thermooxidative stability to meet the severe criteria of harsh fuel‐cell conditions. The proton conductivities of the membranes ranged from 3.8 × 10−2 to 5 × 10−2 S/cm at 90 °C, depending on the degree of sulfonation. The sulfonated membranes maintained the original proton conductivity even after a boiling water test, and this indicated the excellent hydrolytic stability of the membranes. The methanol permeabilities ranged from 1.65 × 10−8 to 5.14 × 10−8 cm2/s and were lower than those of other conventional sulfonated ionomer membranes, particularly commercial perfluorinated sulfonated ionomer (Nafion). The properties of proton and methanol transport were discussed with respect to the state of water in the membranes. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5620–5631, 2005
The caregiver reaction assessment: psychometrics, and temporal stability in primary caregivers of Norwegian cancer patients in late palliative phase
Authors: Grov Ellen Karine , Fosså Sophie D. , Tønnessen Arnfinn , Dahl Alv A. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractBackground: Limited research has been done on the situation of primary caregivers (PCs) to patients staying at home with cancer in the palliative phase. This study uses the Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) to examine PCs caregiver burden and well‐being.Patients and methods: The sample consisted of 85 PCs examined at baseline, among them 42 were re‐examined four months later. We explored the psychometric properties of the CRA at baseline, and introduced a CRA sum score. The CRA sum score was correlated with the Short Form 36 (SF‐36) and The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores.Results: The internal consistency of the CRA dimensions varied between alpha 0.57 and 0.85, and the factor structure was in line with earlier studies. The CRA sum score correlated significantly with all mental dimensions on the SF‐36 and the HADS. At baseline the PCs showed significantly worse scores except for family support when compared to newly diagnosed cancer patients. The mean scores on the CRA dimensions as well as the total score did not change significantly from baseline to follow‐up.Conclusion: We have confirmed the psychometric properties of the CRA, which seems to be an appropriate instrument for assessment the PCs caregiver situation. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unwinding the helical linker of calcium‐loaded calmodulin: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Fiorin G. , Biekofsky R. R. , Pastore A. , Carloni P. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe fold of calmodulin (CaM) consists of two globular domains connected by a helical segment (the linker), whose conformational properties play a crucial role for the protein's molecular recognition processes. Here we investigate the structural properties of the linker by performing a 11.5 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of calcium‐loaded human CaM in aqueous solution. The calculations are based on the AMBER force field. The calculated S2 order parameters are in good accord with NMR data: The structure of the linker in our simulations is much more flexible than that emerging from the Homo sapiens X‐ray structure, consistently with the helix unwinding observed experimentally in solution. This process occurs spontaneously in a nanosecond timescale, as observed also in a very recent simulation based on the GROMOS force field. A detailed description of the mechanism that determines the linker unwinding is provided, in which electrostatic contacts between the two globular domains play a critical role. The orientation of the domains emerging from our MD calculations is consistent both with former X‐ray scattering data and a recent NMR work. Based on our findings, a rationale for the experimentally measured entropy cost associated to binding to the protein's cellular partners is also given. Proteins 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Origin of the sequence‐dependent polyproline II structure in unfolded peptides
Authors: Kentsis Alex , Mezei Mihaly , Osman Roman 
Published: September 2005

AbstractRecent studies have indicated that the unfolded states of polypeptides contain a substantial amount of polyproline type II (PII) structure. This energetically and structurally preorganized state may contribute to the reduction of the folding search, as well as to the recognition of intrinsically unstructured proteins and polyproline ligands. Using Monte Carlo simulations of natively unfolded peptides in the presence of explicit aqueous solvation, we observe that residue‐specific PII conformational propensity is the result of the modulation of polypeptide backbone hydration by a proximal side‐chain. Such a mechanism may be unique among those that contribute to the modulation of secondary structures in proteins. The calculated conformational propensities should prove useful for the development of a configurational PII scale necessary for the prediction and design of natural‐like polypeptides. Proteins 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rice (Oryza sativa) response to drift rates of glyphosate
Authors: Koger Clifford H , Shaner Dale L , Krutz L Jason , Walker Timothy W , Buehring Nathan , Henry W Brien , Thomas Walter E , Wilcut John W 
Published: September 2005

AbstractGreenhouse and field studies were conducted to investigate response of two rice varieties, Priscilla and Cocodrie, to sub‐lethal rates of glyphosate in terms of injury, shikimate accumulation and yield. In the greenhouse, more shikimate accumulated in Cocodrie than Priscilla at comparable glyphosate rates applied to plants at the three‐leaf stage. In field studies, glyphosate was applied to both varieties when they were 74‐cm tall and in the internode separation growth stage. Visual injury, plant height, and leaf‐tissue samples for shikimate analysis were collected at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after treatment (DAT). Rice yield was also determined. Noticeable visual injury and height reduction to both varieties was observed as early as 7 and 3 DAT in Cocodrie and Priscilla, respectively. Shikimate levels in leaves began to increase in both varieties by 3 DAT in a dose‐dependent manner and reached a peak between 7 and 14 DAT. Elevated shikimate levels were still detectable by 28 DAT. Similar levels of shikimate accumulated in both varieties at comparable glyphosate rates. However, glyphosate treatment at comparable rates reduced rice yields more in Cocodrie than in Priscilla. The highest rate of glyphosate reduced yield in Cocodrie by 92% whereas there was only a 60% yield reduction in Priscilla. Shikimate levels in glyphosate‐treated rice were strongly correlated to yield reductions across both varieties and appeared to be a better predictor of yield reduction than was visual injury. Visual injury coupled with measured shikimate levels can be used collaboratively to identify glyphosate exposure and estimate subsequent rice yield reductions. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Direct identification of intramolecular disulfide links in peptides using negative ion electrospray mass spectra of underivatised peptides. A joint experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Bilusich Daniel , Maselli Vita M. , Brinkworth Craig S. , Samguina Tatiana , Lebedev Albert T. , Bowie John H. 
Published: October 2005

Abstract[MH]− parent anions of underivatised peptides containing an intramolecular disulfide bridge undergo characteristic loss of the elements of H2S2, a process diagnostic of the presence of the disulfide moeity. This facile process is initiated from a side‐chain enolate anion. Theoretical calculations (at the HF/6‐31G(d)//AM1 level of theory) indicate that the process is exothermic with a small barrier. When the disulfide link involves a C‐terminal Cys, the negative ion spectrum shows an [(MH)(H2S2+CO2)] fragment anion which is usually the main peak of the spectrum. This process is also directed by an enolate anion: theoretical calculations suggest a stepwise sequence with loss of CO2 preceding loss of H2S2. Both [(MH)H2S2] and [(MH)(H2S2+CO2)] anions undergo backbone cleavage allowing identification of the amino acid sequence of the peptide. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of tomato glycoalkaloids by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Cataldi Tommaso R. I. , Lelario Filomena , Bufo Sabino A. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractSteroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) extracted from tomato leaves and berries (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were separated and identified using optimized reversed‐phase liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization (ESI) and ion trap mass spectrometry (ITMS). The ESI source polarity and chromatographic conditions were evaluated. The ESI spectra contain valuable information, which includes the mass of SGAs, the mass of the aglycones, and several characteristic fragment ions. Cleavage at the interglycosidic bonds proximal to the aglycones is the most prominent process in the ESI process. A protonated molecule, [M+H]+, accompanied by a mixed adduct ion, [M+H+Na]2+, was observed for α‐tomatine (i.e., m/z 1034.7 and 528.9) and dehydrotomatine (i.e., m/z 1032.6 and 527.9) in positive ion mode spectra. The structures of these tomato glycoalkaloids were confirmed using tandem mass spectrometry. The identification of a new α‐tomatine isomer glycoalkaloid, named filotomatine (MW 1033), which shares a common tetrasaccharide structure (i.e., lycotretraose) with α‐tomatine and dehydrotomatine, and soladulcidine as an aglycone, is described for the first time. It occurs in significant amounts in the extracts of wild tomato foliage. Multistage mass spectrometry both of the protonated molecules and of the doubly charged ions was used for detailed structural elucidation of SGAs. Key fragmentations and regularities in fragmentation pathways are described and the fragmentation mechanisms involved are proposed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selenium reduces the proapoptotic signaling associated to NF‐κB pathway and stimulates glutathione peroxidase activity during excitotoxic damage produced by quinolinate in rat corpus striatum
Authors: Santamaría Abel , Vázquez‐Román Beatriz , La cruz Verónica Pérez‐De , González‐Cortés Carolina , Trejo‐Solís Ma. Cristina , Galván‐Arzate Sonia , Jara‐Prado Aurelio , Guevara‐Fonseca Jorge , Ali Syed F. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractQuinolinate (QUIN) neurotoxicity has been attributed to degenerative events in nerve tissue produced by sustained activation of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (NMDAr) and oxidative stress. We have recently described the protective effects that selenium (Se), an antioxidant, produces on different markers of QUIN‐induced neurotoxicity (Santamaría et al., 2003, J Neurochem 86:479–488.). However, the mechanisms by which Se exerts its protective actions remain unclear. Since some of these events are thought to be related with inhibition of deadly molecular cascades through the activation of antioxidant selenoproteins, in this study we investigated the effects of Se on QUIN‐induced cell damage elicited by the nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) pathway, as well as the time‐course response of striatal glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Se (sodium selenite, 0.625 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was administered to rats for 5 days, and 120 min after the last administration, animals received a single striatal injection of QUIN (240 nmol/μl). Twenty‐four hours later, their striata were tested for the expression of IκB‐α (the NF‐κB cytosolic binding protein), the immunohistochemical expression of NF‐κB (evidenced as nuclear expression of P65), caspase‐3‐like activation, and DNA fragmentation. Additional groups were killed at 2, 6, and 24 h for measurement of GPx activity. Se reduced the QUIN‐induced decrease in IκB‐α expression, evidencing a reduction in its cytosolic degradation. Se also prevented the QUIN‐induced increase in P65‐immunoreactive cells, suggesting a reduction of NF‐κB nuclear translocation. Caspase‐3‐like activation and DNA fragmentation produced by QUIN were also inhibited by Se. Striatal GPx activity was stimulated by Se at 2 and 6 h, but not at 24 h postlesion. Altogether, these data suggest that the protective effects exerted by Se on QUIN‐induced neurotoxicity are partially mediated by the inhibition of proapoptotic events underlying IκB‐α degradation, NF‐κB nuclear translocation, and caspase‐3‐like activation in the rat striatum, probably involving the early activation of GPx. Synapse 58:258–266, 2005. Published 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mathematical analysis and numerical simulation of a nonsmooth road‐vehicle spatial model
Authors: Addi K. , Goeleven D. , Rodić A. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractIn this paper, the superpotential approach of Moreau is used in order to propose a rigorous mathematical formulation of a nonsmooth spatial model of vehicle dynamics. A 18 degrees of freedom mathematical model of three dimensional vehicle dynamics is presented in the paper considering rigid body dynamics, dynamics of tire suspensions as well as tire dynamics. Both, the linear and the nonlinear tire suspension models are presented and discussed in the paper. Amplitude and phase frequency characteristics of the considered spatial model of vehicle system are derived on the basis of the nonlinear, spatial model of the considered vehicle system. The comparison between the linear and nonlinear response of tire suspensions as well as tire pneumatics are discussed. Besides, the stability properties of the vehicle system are illustrated by the phase portraits of the characteristic system state variables.
A numerical method for solving the curved rod model
Authors: Tambača J. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractIn this work a numerical procedure for the solution of the one‐dimensional equilibrium model of linear elastic curved rods is derived. The middle curve of the curved rod is approximated by a piecewise linear curve while applied loads are approximated by a piecewise constant function. The curved rod model for the piecewise linear curve and piecewise constant force is solved analytically producing a numerical procedure. The difference in sup–norm and H1–norm of the solutions of the boundary value problem of curved rods for the smooth and piecewise linear curve is estimated giving the error estimate of the procedure. Results of the numerical tests agree with the analytical error estimate.