bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement the crystallization and electro-magnetic properties of BaO–Al2O3–B2O3 glass ceramics doped with Nd2O3-rare earth
Authors: Abo-Mosallam H. A. , Azooz M. A. , Mahdy Ebrahim A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the present study, a novel glass system containing Neodymium(III) oxide with BaO, Al2O3, and B2O3 were created via a popular melt-quenching technique. Nd2O3 were added, in different concentrations, instead of B2O3 to study its impact on the crystallization, and electro-magnetic behaviors of the prepared poly-crystalline materials. Thermal characteristics via DTA, XRD and SEM techniques were involved to explore the crystallization and structural properties. The magnetic parameters of the prepared glass–ceramics were studied by VSM measurements. As well the electric properties were also explored. BaB2O4 and Al(BO3) phases were firstly crystallized then Ba3Nd(BO3)3 phase was incompletely precipitated instead of BaB2O4 phase owing to Nd2O3 additions. As well, the internal structure was modified from coarse crystals to fine grain microstructure. The crystallization study proved that the addition of neodymium improved the crystallization process of the BaO–Al2O3–B2O3 glass system. The VSM and conductivity analysis for the crystalline materials proved that the Nd2O3/B2O3 substitutions led to an increase in the electrical and magnetic parameters of the investigated materials. The data obtained from the prepared crystalline specimen showed that these materials are with a distinct and promising ferro-electrical property for use in diverse modern applications.
Empirical determination of the effective solid modulus in organic-rich shales
Authors: Spires K. Larkin , Castagna John P. , Omovie Sheyore John 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCalculating the change in the saturated bulk modulus of a saturated rock with new fluid properties requires a priori selection of an effective bulk modulus of the solid constituents. When the rock constituents have similar mineral moduli, the theoretical bounds on the solid modulus are close to each other. However, when solid properties vary greatly, as in organic-rich shales, the actual effective solid modulus of a physical rock may vary significantly between the bounds which results in uncertainty in the predicted change in the saturated bulk modulus of the rock. We use a semi-empirical rock physics model utilizing the Brown–Korringa equation for mineralogically heterogenous rocks and introduce three parameters to estimate the pore space compressibility, the dry frame compressibility, and the fractional position of the effective solid modulus relative to the Reuss and Voigt bounds. We optimize for these three parameters in seven organic shale formations and find that the Reuss bound for the effective solid material modulus best fits the data when organic content is high. Furthermore, we use this model to fluid substitute to 100% brine saturation and find Gassmann’s equation using the Hill average predicts similar saturated moduli to the semi-empirical Brown–Korringa rock physics model when volume fraction of solid organic matter is less than 5%. However, at higher organic contents, we find that the error using the Gassmann–Hill approach increases, and the semi-empirical Brown–Korringa model better fits the data.
Distribution of blaOXA-10, blaPER-1, and blaSHV genes in ESBL-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from burn patients
Authors: Polse Reem F. , Khalid Haval M. , Mero Wijdan M. S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa is resistant to a wide range of extended spectrum-lactamases (ESBLs) antibiotics because it produces several kinds of ESBLs. The goal of the current investigation was to identify the bacteria that produce extended spectrum -lactamases and the genes that encode three different ESBLs, such as blaOXA-10, blaPER-1 and blaSHV genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients. In this investigation, 71 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were isolated from burn wounds in Burn and Plastic Surgery Hospital, Duhok City between July 2021 to June 2022. For the purpose of finding the blaOXA-10, blaPER-1, and blaSHV ESBL expressing genes, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used. Among 71 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, 26.36% (29/71) were isolated from males and 38.18% (42/71) from females, and 76.06% (54/71) of the isolates were multidrug resistant. They exhibited higher resistance against Piperacillin with resistance rates of 98.59%. Among the ESBL-producing isolates tested, blaOXA-10 was found in 59.26% (32), blaPER-1 was found in 44.44% (24), and blaSHV was found in 11.11% (6). All isolates must undergo antimicrobial susceptibility testing because only a few numbers of the available antibiotics are effective for the treatment of this bacterium. This will prevent the development of resistance in burn units and aids in the management of the treatment plan.
Resonance characteristics of tsunami in bay of Japan by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano eruption on 15th January 2022
Authors: Pakoksung Kwanchai , Suppasri Anawat , Imamura Fumihiko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe massive eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) volcano in Tonga on 15 January 2022 at 04:15 UTC had a global impact and triggered an atmospheric wave and a tsunami. We first analyzed observation data from meteorological stations and tide gauges at 12 locations. Low-frequency trends in the observation data were removed by using a high-pass filter. Fourier and wavelet spectral analyses were applied to determine the frequency characteristics of the filtered data. Modal analysis was developed and used to investigate natural oscillation periods based on bathymetry. The results showed that the Lamb wave generated by the atmospheric pressure wave arrived ~ 7 and ~ 44 h after the eruption. The tsunami arrived ~ 11 and ~ 45 h after the eruption, which corresponded to the arrival time of the Lamb wave. The dominant periods of the Lamb waves were ~ 7.7 and ~ 7.5 min, and for the tsunamis they were ~ 9.9 and ~ 28.7 min. The periods derived from the spectral analysis matched the natural oscillation of the eigenperiod derived from the modal analysis, in eight out of the twelve stations. This study provides valuable insight and information regarding the nonseismic and far-field effects of tsunamis generated by volcanic eruptions.
Advancements in combining electronic animal identification and augmented reality technologies in digital livestock farming
Authors: Pinna Daniele , Sara Gabriele , Todde Giuseppe , Atzori Alberto Stanislao , Artizzu Valentino , Spano Lucio Davide , Caria Maria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractModern livestock farm technologies allow operators to have access to a multitude of data thanks to the high number of mobile and fixed sensors available on both the livestock farming machinery and the animals. These data can be consulted via PC, tablet, and smartphone, which must be handheld by the operators, leading to an increase in the time needed for on-field activities. In this scenario, the use of augmented reality smart glasses could allow the visualization of data directly in the field, providing for a hands-free environment for the operator to work. Nevertheless, to visualize specific animal information, a connection between the augmented reality smart glasses and electronic animal identification is needed. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to develop and test a wearable framework, called SmartGlove that is able to link RFID animal tags and augmented reality smart glasses via a Bluetooth connection, allowing the visualization of specific animal data directly in the field. Moreover, another objective of the study was to compare different levels of augmented reality technologies (assisted reality vs. mixed reality) to assess the most suitable solution for livestock management scenarios. For this reason, the developed framework and the related augmented reality smart glasses applications were tested in the laboratory and in the field. Furthermore, the stakeholders’ point of view was analyzed using two standard questionnaires, the NASA-Task Load Index and the IBM-Post Study System Usability Questionnaire. The outcomes of the laboratory tests underlined promising results regarding the operating performances of the developed framework, showing no significant differences if compared to a commercial RFID reader. During the on-field trial, all the tested systems were capable of performing the task in a short time frame. Furthermore, the operators underlined the advantages of using the SmartGlove system coupled with the augmented reality smart glasses for the direct on-field visualization of animal data.
Rosette‐scan tomographic single‐pixel imager
Authors: Duvenage A. , du Plessis W. P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpin‐scan tomographic scanning imagers utilise a reticle with a fixed number of thin slits and nutating optics, and have produced images and video at both infrared and optical wavelengths. However, the fixed nature of these systems reduces their versatility by restricting changes that can be made after manufacture. An alternative rosette‐scan tomographic scanning imager based on similar concepts is proposed to overcome this limitation. A single thin‐slit reticle is rotated to be perpendicular to the line scan angle of each rosette petal, thereby allowing tomographic reconstruction. The parameters of the proposed system can be dynamically changed to achieve different trade‐offs between resolution and frame rate. Initial results obtained from a proof‐of‐concept prototype demonstrate the feasibility of this approach.
Fault compensations in resonant grounded power systems with residual current compensation inverters using an adaptive nonlinear extended state observer‐based model predictive controller
Authors: Fernando Warnakulasuriya Sonal Prashenajith , Mahmud Md Apel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a new adaptive nonlinear extended state observer‐based model predictive controller (ANLESO‐MPC) for residual current compensation (RCC) inverters to compensate fault characteristics in resonant grounded power systems (RGPSs). In the proposed scheme, the adaptation feature is used to adapt the adjustable inductor appearing in the dynamical model of RGPSs by satisfying the desired fault current compensation requirement which in turn will ensure the resonance condition. Since the adapted parameter is used in the control signal, the ANLESO‐MPC offers robustness against parameter sensitivity. The neutral voltage is considered as a disturbance and the change in this voltage as an extended state to estimate this disturbance while incorporating the adapted parameter so that the adaptive nonlinear extended state observer (ANLESO) provides robustness against disturbances. Finally, the model predictive controller (MPC) is designed for the RCC inverter utilizing estimated disturbances and adapted parameters to fully achieve the fault current compensation. The performance of the controller is evaluated using simulations in MATLAB/Simulink and OPAL‐RT real‐time platforms under varying fault impedances as the fault characteristics change with variations in the fault impedance. Results are also compared with a conventional MPC where the proposed ANLESO‐MPC seems more effective to compensate fault characteristics.
Modelling deuterated isotopologues of methanol towards the pre-stellar core L1544
Authors: Riedel W. , Sipilä O. , Redaelli E. , Caselli P. , Vasyunin A. I. , Dulieu F. , Watanabe N. 
Published: October 2023

Context. In the extremely cold and dark environments of pre-stellar cores, methanol is formed on the surface of interstellar dust grains and released into the gas phase via non-thermal desorption mechanisms. Gaseous methanol constitutes the starting point for the formation of many massive complex organic molecules and is therefore of utmost importance for the build-up of chemical complexity.
Aims. We aim to improve upon a previous model for the prediction of column densities and deuterium fractions of non-deuterated and singly deuterated methanol. Thereby, we try to identify crucial chemical and physical parameters for which the study of deuteration could provide valuable additional constraints.
Methods. We employed a gas-grain chemical code to devise a model that is in agreement with the observed column density and deuterium fraction profiles of the innermost region of the pre-stellar core L1544. For that purpose, we developed a new treatment of reactive desorption, deriving an individual reactive desorption efficiency for every product species in a chemical reaction that depends on the reaction enthalpy and type of the underlying surface. Furthermore, we explored several options to promote the diffusion of hydrogen and deuterium atoms over the surface of interstellar dust grains in order to increase methanol formation.
Results. Our fiducial model employs diffusion via the quantum tunnelling of hydrogen and deuterium atoms, resulting in CH3OH and CH2DOH column densities that are approximately an order of magnitude lower than the observed values, which is an improvement over the results of the previous model by a factor of 10. The N(CH2DOH)/N(CH3OH) ratio is reproduced within a factor of 1.2 for the centre and 1.8 for the position of the methanol peak. Given the large uncertainties that chemical models typically have, we consider our predictions to be in agreement with the observations. In general, we conclude that a diffusion process with a high diffusion rate needs to be employed to obtain methanol column densities that are in accordance with the observed values. Also, we find that the introduction of abstraction reactions into the methanol formation scheme suppresses deuteration when used in combination with a high diffusion rate.
NA-SODINN: A deep learning algorithm for exoplanet image detection based on residual noise regimes
Authors: Cantero C. , Absil O. , Dahlqvist C.-H. , Van Droogenbroeck M. 
Published: October 2023

Context. Supervised deep learning was recently introduced in high-contrast imaging (HCI) through the SODINN algorithm, a con-volutional neural network designed for exoplanet detection in angular differential imaging (ADI) datasets. The benchmarking of HCI algorithms within the Exoplanet Imaging Data Challenge (EIDC) showed that (i) SODINN can produce a high number of false positives in the final detection maps, and (ii) algorithms processing images in a more local manner perform better.
Aims. This work aims to improve the SODINN detection performance by introducing new local processing approaches and adapting its learning process accordingly.
Methods. We propose NA-SODINN, a new deep learning binary classifier based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) that better captures image noise correlations in ADI-processed frames by identifying noise regimes. The identification of these noise regimes is based on a novel technique, named PCA-pmaps, which allowed us to estimate the distance from the star in the image from which background noise started to dominate over residual speckle noise. NA-SODINN was also fed with local discriminators, such as signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) curves, which complement spatio-temporal feature maps during the model’s training.
Results. Our new approach was tested against its predecessor, as well as two SODINN-based hybrid models and a more standard annular-PCA approach, through local receiving operating characteristics (ROC) analysis of ADI sequences from the VLT/SPHERE and Keck/NIRC-2 instruments. Results show that NA-SODINN enhances SODINN in both sensitivity and specificity, especially in the speckle-dominated noise regime. NA-SODINN is also benchmarked against the complete set of submitted detection algorithms in EIDC, in which we show that its final detection score matches or outperforms the most powerful detection algorithms.
Conclusions. Throughout the supervised machine learning case, this study illustrates and reinforces the importance of adapting the task of detection to the local content of processed images.
Debiased population of very young asteroid families
Authors: Vokrouhlický D. , Nesvorný D. , Brož M. , Bottke W. F. 
Published: October 2023

Context. Asteroid families that are less than one million years old offer a unique possibility to investigate recent asteroid disruption events and test ideas about their dynamical evolution. Observations provided by powerful all-sky surveys have led to an enormous increase in the number of detected asteroids over the past decade. When the known populations are well characterized, they can be used to determine asteroid detection probabilities, including those in young families, as a function of their absolute magnitude.
Aims. We use observations from the Catalina Sky Survey (CSS) to determine the bias-corrected population of small members in four young families down to sizes equivalent to several hundred meters.
Methods. Using the most recent catalog of known asteroids, we identified members from four young families for which the population has grown appreciably over recent times. A large fraction of these bodies have also been detected by CSS. We used synthetic populations of asteroids, with their magnitude distribution controlled by a small number of parameters, as a template for the bias-corrected model of these families. Applying the known detection probability of the CSS observations, we could adjust these model parameters to match the observed (biased) populations in the young families.
Results. In the case of three families, Datura, Adelaide, and Rampo, we find evidence that the magnitude distribution transitions from steep to shallow slopes near 300 to 400 meters. Conversely, the Hobson family population may be represented by a single power-law model. The Lucascavin family has a limited population; no new members have been discovered over the past two decades. We consider a model of parent body rotational fission with the escaping secondary tidally split into two components (thereby providing three members within this family). In support of this idea, we find that no other asteroid with absolute magnitude H ≤ 18.3 accompanies the known three members in the Lucascavin family. A similar result is found for the archetypal asteroid pair Rheinland–Kurpfalz.
No random transits in CHEOPS observations of HD 139139
Authors: Alonso R. , Hoyer S. , Deleuil M. , Simon A. E. , Beck M. , Benz W. , Florén H.-G. , Guterman P. , Borsato L. , Brandeker A. , Gandolfi D. , Wilson T. G. , Zingales T. , Alibert Y. , Anglada G. , Bárczy T. , Barrado Navascues D. , Barros S. C. C. , Baumjohann W. , Beck T. , Billot N. , Bonfils X. , Broeg Ch. , Charnoz S. , Collier Cameron A. , Corral van Damme C. , Csizmadia Sz. , Cubillos P. E. , Davies M. B. , Deline A. , Delrez L. , Demangeon O. D. S. , Demory B.-O. , Ehrenreich D. , Erikson A. , Fortier A. , Fossati L. , Fridlund M. , Gillon M. , Güdel M. , Günther M. N. , Heitzmann A. , Helling Ch. , Isaak K. G. , Kiss L. L. , Kopp E. , Lam K. W. F. , Laskar J. , Lecavelier des Étangs A. , Lendl M. , Magrin D. , Maxted P. F. L. , Mordasini Ch. , Nascimbeni V. , Olofsson G. , Ottensamer R. , Pagano I. , Pallé E. , Peter G. , Piotto G. , Pollacco D. , Queloz D. , Ragazzoni R. , Rando N. , Rauer H. , Ribas I. , Santos N. C. , Scandariato G. , Ségransan D. , Smith A. M. S. , Sousa S. G. , Stalport M. , Szabó Gy. M. , Thomas N. , Udry S. , Ulmer B. , Van Grootel V. , Venturini J. , Verrecchia F. , Walton N. A. 
Published: October 2023

Context. The star HD 139139 (a.k.a. ‘the Random Transiter’) is a star that exhibited enigmatic transit-like features with no apparent periodicity in K2 data. The shallow depth of the events (~200 ppm – equivalent to transiting objects with radii of ~1.5 R⊕ in front of a Sun-like star) and their non-periodicity constitute a challenge for the photometric follow-up of this star.
Aims. The goal of this study is to confirm with independent measurements the presence of shallow, non-periodic transit-like features on this object.
Methods. We performed observations with CHEOPS for a total accumulated time of 12.75 days, distributed in visits of roughly 20 h in two observing campaigns in years 2021 and 2022. The precision of the data is sufficient to detect 150 ppm features with durations longer than 1.5 h. We used the duration and times of the events seen in the K2 curve to estimate how many events should have been detected in our campaigns, under the assumption that their behaviour during the CHEOPS observations would be the same as in the K2 data of 2017.
Results. We do not detect events with depths larger than 150 ppm in our data set. If the frequency, depth, and duration of the events were the same as in the K2 campaign, we estimate the probability of having missed all events due to our limited observing window would be 4.8%.
Conclusions. We suggest three different scenarios to explain our results: 1) Our observing window was not long enough, and the events were missed with the estimated 4.8% probability. 2) The events recorded in the K2 observations were time critical, and the mechanism producing them was either not active in the 2021 and 2022 campaigns or created shallower events under our detectability level. 3) The enigmatic events in the K2 data are the result of an unidentified and infrequent instrumental noise in the original data set or its data treatment.
Medical Cannabis Legalization: No Contribution to Rising Stimulant
Rates in the USA
Authors: Alexander Garrett D. , Cavanah Luke R. , Goldhirsh Jessica L. , Huey Leighton Y. , Piper Brian J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction There has been a pronounced increase in the use of Schedule
II stimulants to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the
United States over the last two decades. Interestingly, chronic medical cannabis
(MC) use can present with cognitive impairments that resemble ADHD symptoms.
This study aimed to determine if MC legalization increased prescription
stimulant distribution.
Methods Information on the distribution of methylphenidate, amphetamine,
and lisdexamfetamine for 2006 to 2021 was extracted from the Drug Enforcement
Administration’s comprehensive database and the three-year
population-corrected slopes of stimulant distribution before and after MC
program implementation were compared.
Results We found a significant main effect of time
(p<0.001); however, contrary to the hypothesis, the sales status
of states’ MC, did not influence slopes of distribution
(p=0.391). There was a significantly large interaction effect of
time and MC sales status on slopes of distribution (p<0.001).
Slopes of distribution rates of stimulants were significantly lower in states
that proceeded to legalize MC prior to MC program implementation than those
states that did not (p=0.022). After MC program implementation,
however, the distribution rates of the Schedule II stimulants were not
significantly different when comparing states with MC sales to those without
(p=0.355).
Discussion These findings suggest that MC program legalization did not
contribute to certain states having rapid increases in Schedule II stimulant
distribution rates over time. Other factors, including the liberalization of the
adult ADHD diagnostic criteria in the DSM-5 and the introduction of Binge Eating
Disorder, also likely contributed to elevations in stimulant distribution.