bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of herpesvirus in fish
Authors: Bergmann Sven Michael , Wang Yingying , Li Yingying , Wang Qing , Klafack Sandro , Jin Yeonhwa , Hofmann Arndt Christian , Kielpinska Jolanta , Becker Anna Maria , Zeng Weiwei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Herpesviruses are common agents in animals of the aquatic environment. They infect many species of fish but only lead to disease in one or two species. Nevertheless, infected fish without clinical symptoms can actively transfer infectious agents to disease-susceptible species. The aim of the study was to identify and prove the natural presence of different herpesviruses.

Material and Methods
Koi, Nile tilapia, grass carp, goldfish and crucian carp were infected with a herpesvirus isolate 99% identical to goldfish herpesvirus (GHV) or cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) obtained from crucian carp. Before and after infection, samples were collected non-lethally at different time points from all five fish species to identify and evaluate the replication of viruses naturally infecting the fish as well as the CyHV-2 experimentally infecting them. Gill swabs and separated leukocytes were subjected to PCR and the results compared.

Results
These samples yielded DNA of koi herpesvirus (KHV, also referred to as CyHV-3), GHV and a new herpesvirus. While Asian-lineage CyHV-3 DNA was detected in samples from crucian carp and goldfish, CyHV-2 DNA was found in samples from koi and tilapia. A new, hitherto unknown herpesvirus was identified in samples from grass carp, and was confirmed by nested PCR and sequence analysis. The survival rates were 5% for grass carp, 30% for tilapia, 55% for crucian carp, 70% for koi and 100% for goldfish at 20 days post infection. Evolutionary analyses were conducted and five clusters were visible: CyHV-1 (carp pox virus), CyHV-2 with sequences from koi and tilapia, CyHV-3 with sequences from crucian carp and goldfish, probable CyHV-4 from sichel and a newly discovered herpesvirus – CyHV-5 – from grass carp.

Conclusion
The results obtained with the molecular tools as well as from the animal experiment demonstrated the pluripotency of aquatic herpesviruses to infect different fish species with and without visible clinical signs or mortality.
A Practical Solution to Reduce Interference from Led Lights
Authors: Kallunki J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The study explores the detection of a harmful, wide-band interference signal, whose origin is a traditional desk LED (light-emitting diode) lamp. The interference signal was noticed on the sensitive solar spectrometer observing system, which was operating at a frequency range between 100 and 300 MHz. The interference signal was so strong and wide-band that it destroyed totally the solar observations. The study introduces two practical EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) reducing methods: ferrite cores and shielding (shielding effectiveness, S.E.). Their theoretical background is presented, and, in addition, these methods are tested in practice. The measurements and tests showed that even simple ferrite core was a very effective method to reduce interference effects. It is important that a suitable setup will be found: a single ferrite core cannot solve a whole problem. This interference problem is very demonstrative and it can be used in educational purposes at an undergraduate level at Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Finland. This study reveals the fact that standard lamps, which are on the market, do not necessarily follow good EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) practices.
General and Complete Synchronization of Mutual Coupling System of Quantum Dot Semiconductor Lasers With Optical Feedback
Authors: Abdulkareem O. H. , AbdAli R. H. , Ghalib B. A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The study examines an extensive and complete synchronization of optimal feedback with quantum dot semiconductor laser mutual coupling system. This has been achieved by resolving the transmitter and receiver equations of the quantum dot lasers. Numerous crisis areas have been observed at the time of investigating the relationship between photon density and time. The authors have selected an optimal time delay for the optical feedback so as to render an appropriate situation for intermittent dynamics. The study analyses the impact created by a long external cavity of QDSL upon the synchronization process in this mutual coupling system, in the presence of the enhancement factor of (α =3).
Nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems with convection term and Hardy potential
Authors: Achhoud Fessel , Bouajaja Abdelkader , Redwan Hicham 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we deal with a nonlinear elliptic problems that incorporate a Hardy potential and a nonlinear convection term. We establish the existence and regularity of solutions under various assumptions concerning the summability of the source term f.
Analysis of the frequency and type of CT examinations performed in Poland in 2022
Authors: Pankowski Piotr , Wrzesień Małgorzata 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is one of the most widely used diagnostic procedures in modern medicine. Despite many technical improvements, CT still exposes patients to significantly higher doses of radiation than other methods of diagnostic imaging. The presented analysis of the number of CT scans performed in Poland in 2022 aims to designate priorities in the process of optimising radiation protection and makes it possible to identify those examinations and patient groups for which action is particularly justified.

Material and methods: The data presented is based on an analysis of the National Health Fund (NHF) database of medical services reimbursed in 2022. According to the NHF data, approximately 5.1 million CT examinations were performed. The coding of reimbursed medical procedures used by the NHF in 2022 included 45 different CT procedures.

Results: The highest ratio of the number of examinations performed to the number of patients was found in the age group 59-75 years (average 1.35). This ratio varied according to examination type and was closest to 1 for spine and extremities examinations (between 1.1 and 1.2 on average). Irrespective of patients’ age and type of examination, the proportion of female and male patients fluctuates around 50%. Approximately 82% of head and neck examinations are single-phase CTs. Examinations with two or more phases account for about 17% and less than 1%, respectively.

Conclusions: Over the past 10 years, both the number of CT scanners and the number of annually performed scans have doubled. Relative to the population size, this is a rate of about 22 scanners per one million people, an average level for European countries, ranging from a maximum of around 37 for Italy and Germany to around 20 for France, Spain, and Romania, according to Eurostat data.
Use of Agro-Industrial Waste for The Development of Theobroma Grandiflorum Seedlings
Authors: Galvão Jessivaldo Rodrigues , Pantoja Matheus Vinícius da Costa , Maia Bruno Kleidson da Silva , Ohashi Alessandra Marie , Santos Odete Kariny Souza , Tavares Victor Hugo , Melo Giselly Carime Diniz , Costa Esther Aires 
Published: February 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of cupuaçu tree (Theobroma grandiflorum) seedlings as a function of agro-industrial waste.

Method: The influence of agro-industrial waste on the development of cupuaçuzeiro seedlings was evaluated. Treatments included different proportions of organic waste (açaí ash, dendê compost and cattle manure) in proportions of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% in relation to 3 kg of soil. Finally, morphological and physiological variables were determined.

Result and Conclusion: The experimental data was analyzed using analysis of variance. Significant means were then compared using the Tukey test, with a significance level of 5%. From the results obtained, it was observed that one of the agro-industrial residues has the potential to act as an alternative substrate in the production of Theobroma grandiflorum seedlings.

Researchimplications: The Theobroma grandiflorum species stands out as being extremely important, since its products and by-products are widely accepted in domestic and foreign markets, as well as contributing to Agroforestry Systems. In addition, there is a need to study alternative substrates, especially those generated on a large scale, considering the need to promote proper disposal with sustainable use.

Originality/value: In the current scenario, with regard to the destination and final disposal of solid waste, there is a need to look for sustainable alternatives aimed at reusing this waste, especially in agriculture.
Circular-Feature-Based Pose Estimation of Noncooperative Satellite Using Time-of-Flight Sensor
Authors: Mu Jinzhen , Li Shuang , Xin Ming 
Published: February 2024

This paper develops an end-to-end circular-feature-based pose estimation using the time-of-flight (TOF) camera for capturing serviced satellite. First, the docking ring is chosen as the recognized object for pose measurement. Second, a new ellipse detection method is proposed to detect the docking ring. Third, the circular feature is used to estimate the six-degrees-of-freedom pose with the aid of a reflective block. Combined with the range at each pixel location from TOF, the pose duality can be eliminated, and the roll angle is recovered through the geometric constraint. Ground physical experiments validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. The on-orbit application demonstrates that the proposed algorithm can accurately and robustly estimate the relative pose of the noncooperative satellite, providing reliable navigation information for the chaser spacecraft with the relative pose estimation errors less than 2 deg and 5 cm.
Thyroid nodule diagnosis: A comparative analysis of ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Nassar Omar Hassan 
Published: February 2024

Objectives:
This paper aimed to investigate the association between Ultrasonography (USG) results and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules (TNs) in private and public hospitals in Yemen. In addition, it aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity of USG and FNAC in diagnosing thyroid nodules (TNs).

Materials and Methods:
The study utilized a retrospective comparative study design, analyzing medical records of patients diagnosed with TNs between June 01, 2022 and May 01, 2023, in four private and public hospitals in Yemen. USG and FNAC reports, along with demographic data were collected. The author categorized the USG findings based on the American Thyroid Association guidelines, while FNAC results were classified according to the Bethesda reporting system for thyroid cytopathology.

Results:
The study included 94 diverse participants with TNs. The average age was 39.96 years, with a majority of female participants (85.1%). The distribution of nodules revealed varying consistencies, sizes, and shapes. The association between USG and FNAC diagnoses showed a significant relationship (χ2 = 34.914, P < 0.001), with a high proportion of benign cases in both USG and FNAC results. Validity analysis demonstrated a sensitivity of 88.68% and a specificity of 70.73% for USG in diagnosing thyroid carcinoma. The positive predictive value was 79.66%, and the negative predictive value was 82.86%. The overall accuracy of USG compared to FNAC was 80.85%.

Conclusion:
This study shows USG’s potential as a diagnostic tool for TNs in Yemen. Insights improve understanding of TN diagnosis in Yemen’s healthcare settings.
Türkiye’de finansal bilgi manipülasyonun tespit ve tahmini ile ilgili ampirik çalışma
Authors: ÇAĞLAK Emin , MEDER ÇAKIR Hafize 
Published: February 2024

Finansal raporlarda yapılan hata hile ve usulsüzlükler yıllardır literatüre araştırma konusu olmuş, konuyla ilgili farklı ülkelerde farklı çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, belli bir ülkede elde edilen modellerin diğer ülkeler için de geçerli olup olmayacağını araştıran bir çalışma ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla, SPK bültenleri 2009-2019 yılları için incelenmiş, taranan 520 bültenden 45 firma hakkında hata, hile ve usulsüzlük tespit edilmiştir. Bu firmalar için aynı faaliyet alanında ve aktif büyüklüğü birbirine yakın 108 firma ise kontrol değişkeni olarak seçilmiştir. Oluşturulan modelde açıklayıcı değişken sayısı 22 olup bu değişkenlerden 8’i Beneish (1999) tarafından ABD’de yapılan çalışmalarda ortaya konan modelin açıklayıcı değişkenleridir.
Analiz sonucu modellerde manipülasyon yapan firma ile eşit sayıda kontrol değişkenli(eşlemeli) modelin başarısı, manipülasyon yapan firmalara karşılık daha fazla sayıda kontrol değişkenli(eşlemesiz) modelin ayrıştırma gücünden daha düşük kalmıştır. Ayrıca eğitim seti ve test veri seçiminde rastgele seçim yapmak, baz yıl (uygulamada 2015 seçilmiştir) kullanarak model oluşturmaya nazaran daha çok açıklayıcı değişken ve daha güçlü ayrıştırma yapan model kurmaya katı sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca oluşturulan her bir modelin performansı, Beneish M-skoru’nun manipülasyon yapan/yapmayan firmaları ayrıştırma yeteneğinden daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuçta manipülasyon tespitinde her ülke için geçerli bir model oluşturmanın mümkün olmadığı görülmüştür.
أهمية الإفصاح المحاسبي عن المسؤولية الاجتماعية وأثره في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة بالتطبيق على الشركة السعودية لصناعة الورق بالمملكة العربية السعودية (دراسة حالـة من عام 2021-2022)
Authors: إسماعيل سلوى حسين رشدي 
Published: February 2024

استهدف هذا البحث توضيح اهمية الافصاح المحاسبي عن المسؤولية الاجتماعية واثرة في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة ، اعتمدت الباحثة في انجاز هذا البحث على المنهج الكمي و الاستبانة وتحليل الانحدار في اختبار الفروض وتحليل العينة وتفريغ البيانات وتبويبها وتحليلها، وتمثل مجتمع البحث في عينة عشوائية، تم اختيارها بشكل عشوائي لموظفي الشركة السعودية لصناعة الورق، وتم ارسال 145 قائمة استقصاء وتمت الاجابة علي 120 قائمة منها، وتوصلت الباحث الى انه يوجد اثر معنوي ذو دلالة احصائية للافصاح المحاسبي عن المسئولية الاجتماعية وتحقيق ابعاد التنمية المستدامة للشركة، بنسبة 27.1% عند مستوى معنوية 0.05 ،كما يوجد اثر معنوي ذو دلالة احصائية للافصاح المحاسبي عن المسئولية الاجتماعية و تحقيق البعد الاقتصادي للتنمية المستدامة للشركة بنسبة 24.7% عند مستوى معنوية 0.05 ،و يوجد اثر معنوي ذو دلالة احصائية للافصاح المحاسبي عن المسئولية الاجتماعية وتحقيق البعد الاجتماعي للتنمية المستدامة للشركة ذا دلالة إحصائية بنسبة 21.0% عند مستوى معنوية 0.05، ويوجد اثر معنوي ذو دلالة احصائية للافصاح المحاسبي عن المسئولية الاجتماعية وتحقيق البعد البيئي للتنمية المستدامة للشركة بنسبة 20.5% عند مستوى معنوية 0.05 ، واوصت الدراسة بضرورة الاهتمام بالإفصاح عن كيفية ادارة المخلفات وطرق التخلص من النفايات في ايضاحات منفصلة للشركات الصناعية ،ضرورة الاهتمام بالإفصاح عن التكلفة البيئية في القوائم المالي وعمل ابحاث مستقبلية لبيان اثر المحاسبة الخضراء علي تحقيق الاستدامة.
Biological Control of Lesser Date Moth (Batrachedra. Amydraula/ mayrick) using the local parasitoid Goniozus omanensis
Authors: Al-Naabi Samia Juma Suliman , Al-Zadgali Najma Mahmood Somar , Al-Shidi Rashid Saif 
Published: February 2024

GONIOZUS OMANENSIS (Hym. Bethylidae) has been found to be the most common parasitoid of the lesser date moth, Batrachedra amydraula not only in Sultanate of Oman but also in neighboring Gulf states and other date palm growing parts of the world. It is one of the most important pests on date palm that is reported to cause more than 50% loss of the crop. Batrachedra amydraula, the lesser date moth is a species of moth of the Batrachedridae family reported from Bangladesh to western Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Israel, Iraq, and Iran, as well as most of North Africa. The larvae feed on Phoenix dactylifera. There are three generations per year in Sultanate of Oman. The first larvae appear in April and damage newly formed fruits. They are dormant from August to March of the following year, resting between the bases of the terminal fronds. Pupation takes place in March and adults emerge in April. Goniozus omanensis is primary parasitoid of lesser date moth Batrachedra amydraula. The present investigation involved successful rearing of parasitoid in the laboratory on larvae of Galleria mellonella and release in three date palm orchards as a bio-control agent against such a pest (one release, two releases, and three releases). The results showed that one release was sufficient to control 80% of the pest population in comparison with two (50%) and three releases (40%). About 0.1 % of pest was found from the bottom in comparison with emerging adults’ pests from infested fruits from the top of the palm.
كتاب (المهمشون في التاريخ الإسلامي) للدكتور محمود إسماعيل في الميزان
Authors: السعيد خالد عبدالله 
Published: February 2024

يُعد كتاب (المهمشون في التاريخ الإسلامي) لأستاذ التاريخ المعروف محمود إسماعيل عبد الرازق من الكتب المعاصرة التي اكتسبت بعض الرواج بين المهتمين بالتاريخ الإسلامي. ففي هذا الكتاب يستعرض الدكتور محمود جملة من ثورات العوام - أو المهمشين كما دعاهم به - في مختلف الأقطار وعلى مر الأعصار، من خلال توظيفه للعوامل المادية من اقتصادية واجتماعية لفهم حقيقة تلك الحركات وتفسير أسبابها وتحليل نتائجها. وعلى الرغم من حداثة موضوع الكتاب وجرأة فكرته، إلا أنه لم يسلم من كثير من الزلات والسقطات. فمما يُؤخذ على المؤلف أنه كان على الدوام متحاملاً على ولاة الأمر من الحكام، ومنحازاً لحركات العوام، ومتعصباً على جمهور الفقهاء والمؤرخين، وهو موقف لا يرتكز على أساس موضوعي، بقدر ما يعبر عن هوى شخصي لديه. علاوة على ذلك، فقد كان الدكتور محمود ينظر إلى حركات العوام من خلال ميوله الاشتراكية، وهو ما يعني اعتماده الكلي على العوامل المادية في تفسير تاريخ تلك الحركات مقابل تهميشه لبقية العوامل الأخرى، كالدينية مثلاً، وهي قراءة قاصرة لا تتيح لصاحبها الإحاطة بكافة ملابسات تلك الثورات ونتائجها. وبسبب انحيازه الكلي للعوام في ثوراتهم، والتزامه التام بالتفسير المادي للتاريخ؛ فقد اضطر الدكتور محمود إلى انتخاب ما يوافق هواه من الشواهد التاريخية لبلوغ أهدافه في انتقائية مكشوفة. إن هذه الملاحظات، وغيرها مما سيجدها القارئ عند قراءة البحث مفصلاً، توجب عليه أن يتوخى الحذر ويُعمل النظر عند قراءة مثل هذه الكتب التي يزعم أصحابها أنهم من أنصار التنوير وحُماة الفكر؛ لما قد تتضمنه كتبهم من أفكار تستهدف في مجملها تشويه صورة التاريخ الإسلامي وتقزيم منجزاته وتضخيم أخطائه.
مستهدفات التشجير وفقا لتقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في محمية الإمام تركي بن عبد الله الملكية
Authors: الدغيري أحمد عبدالله 
Published: February 2024

محمية الإمام تركي يبن عبد الله الملكية إحدى المحميات الملكية التي تكتنف المملكة العربية السعودية، تشغل المَحمِيَّة أجزاء من وسط وشمالي وشرقي المملكة العربية السعودية، حيث تقع في أجزاء من منطقة القصيم، ومنطقة حائل، والمنطقة الشرقية ومنطقة الحدود الشمالية. تأتي هذا الدراسة تضامننا مع رؤية المملكة العربية السعودية الخضراء والتي تسعى سعياً دؤوباً في تنمية وإدارة محمياتها الطبيعية التي عانت وتعاني من إجهاد بيئي لفترات زمنية طويله سابقة، وجاءت أهداف الدراسة متزامنة أيضاً مع الجهود الحثيثة التي تبذلها هيئة تطوير مَحمِيَّة الإِمَام تركي بن عبد الله في إدارة هذه المَحمِيَّة، حيث بذلت جهوداً جبارة سعت من خلالها إعادة إنماء الغطاء النباتي الطبيعي في محاولة لإعادتها إلى سيرته الأولى وقتما كان التوزان البيئي هو المهيمن في كافة أرجائها. استخدم تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد المتمثلة بالمؤشرات الطيفية الخاصة بالغطاء النباتي والأغطية الأرضية إضافة إلى تطور تقنيات معالجة البيانات والمرئية، أسهم في استخلاص كافة البيئات الطبيعية في المحمية، من جانب أخر مكنت التقنيات المذكورة من استخلاص التوزيع الأراضي للأغطية النباتية الشجرية والشجيرية، وتحديد المواضع الطبيعية المناسبة للتشجير، كما مكنت من إعادة رسم بيئة الغطاء النباتي القديم في الحدود المجالية للمحمية، هذا وقادت الدراسة إلى بناء إستراتيجيات مستقبلية في محاولة لتقدير أعداد الأشجار والشجيرات التي يمكن استزراعها في بيئاتها الطبيعية، وقادة نتائج الدراسة إلى تقديم رؤية حول تقدير أعداد الاشجار والشجيرات الحالية في المحمية وقدرتها بنحو مليار وسبعون ألف، كما أسهمت الدراسة في استنباط عدد النتائج التي تدعم المخطط مثل تحديد أعماق المياه في بعض جناب المحمية مما يلي وادي السهل ومحمية التيسية وكذلك محمية الصيد، وكذلك انجاز قاعدة بينات للترب في المحمية.
An Efficient Energy Optimization Method for 5G Networks using Integrated Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Jaradat Wesam Ahmad 
Published: February 2024

The 5G network technology is a promising technology that can successfully meet the demand for network capacity growth, due to its high-speed, low-latency, and wide connectivity capabilities. Adapting 5G will increase the energy consumption and CO2 emissions caused by this high consumption. Base stations (BSs) consume the most power in mobile networks accounting for approximately 57% of total energy consumption. This study proposes an integrated meta-heuristic optimization algorithm that combines the Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA) and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. This combination aims to leverage the strengths of both approaches improving the speed and accuracy of the optimization process, to achieve better energy efficiency (EE) in 5G network technology. The proposed algorithm performance is evaluated based on a set of benchmarks functions and compared with other optimization methods. And to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed algorithm in terms of network energy efficiency problem, it was tested against a real-world case study involving power allocation in 5G, the results showed that the proposed algorithm outperforms more recent meta-heuristics state-of-the-art methods in solving a wide range of benchmark functions and obtaining a fair power allocation for multiple users in 5G network. Moreover, it maximizes energy efficiency while maintaining users service quality and availability and reducing total network energy consumption.
Piecewise Linear Discontinuous Petrov Galerkin Method for Time Fractional Diffusion Equations
Authors: Abdallah Basheer Saleh 
Published: February 2024

We propose and analyze piecwise linear discontinuous Petrov-Galerkin method in time combined with a standard conforming finite element method in space for the numerical solution of time-fractional diffusion problems of order 0 < μ < 1. We prove the stability of the exact solution. The existence, uniqueness and stability of approximate solutions will be proved. We employ a non-uniform mesh based on concentrating the cells near the singularity. The advantage of employing a non-uniform mesh is improving the accuracy of the approximate solution. Numerical experiments indicate the error in L∞(0, T ; L2(Ω))-norm is of order kmin(γ(1- μ),2) + h2, where k denotes the maximum time steps and h is the maximum diameter of the elements of the (quasi-uniform) spatial mesh and γ > 0.
لام العهد ولام الجنس في القرآن الكريم في ضوء تفسير البيضاوي: دراسة لغوية لكلمات مختارة
Authors: المعايطة مخلد سلمان عبيد 
Published: February 2024

لام الجنس ولام العهد من المسائل اللغوية ذات الدلالة السِّياقية المرتبطة بالمعنى، ولذلك كان الأثر الكبير لهما في بيان دلالة السِّياق للمفردات اللغوية القرآنية، ولا ننكر الفارق بينهما، فاللفظ قد يتحور ويحمل أحمالا دلالية سياقية في مجموعة من العوامل، كالقرينة اللفظية كالسَّوابق واللواحق من الألفاظ، أو قرينة السِّياق والأدوات، أسماء الإشارة والموصولات، والأفعال، أو الفونيمات الحرفية، كالهاء عند اتصالها بالألفاظ والواو وهم وهما وغيرها، وما من شكٍّ فقد زاد بناء اللفظ على الأصول اللغوية في المعاجم، وقد رفع من طاقة استيعاب المعنى، بناءً على مبناه الصرفي والمعجمي، كلفظ الناس والكافرون، ونحاول من خلال هذه الدراسة اللغوية الكشف عن طاقة اللفظ بالتعاون مع دلالة العموم والجنس في اللام، واكتشاف الروابط بين الأدوات والأفعال وغيرها في زيادة الطاقة الاستيعابية للمعنى المطلوب.