bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defect correction method for viscoelastic fluid flows at high Weissenberg number
Authors: Ervin Vincent J. , Lee Hyesuk 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe study a defect correction method for the approximation of viscoelastic fluid flow. In the defect step, the constitutive equation is computed with an artificially reduced Weissenberg parameter for stability, and the resulting residual is corrected in the correction step. We prove the convergence of the defect correction method and derive an error estimate for the Oseen‐viscoelastic model problem. The derived theoretical results are supported by numerical tests for both the Oseen‐viscoelastic problem and the Johnson‐Segalman model problem. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2006
Error estimate in L2 of a covolume method for the generalized Stokes problem
Authors: Kang Kab Seok , Kwak Do Young 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe investigate an L2‐error estimate of a covolume scheme for the Stokes problem recently introduced by Chou (Math Comp 66 (1997), 85–104). We show the error in L2 norm is of second order provided the exact velocity is in H3 and the exact pressure is in H2. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2006
A numerical method for computing radially symmetric solutions of a dissipative nonlinear modified Klein‐Gordon equation
Authors: Macías‐Díaz J. E. , Puri A. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn this article we develop a finite‐difference scheme to approximate radially symmetric solutions of a dissipative nonlinear modified Klein‐Gordon equation subject to smooth initial conditions ϕ and ψ in an open sphere D around the origin, with constant internal and external damping coefficients—β and γ, respectively—, and nonlinear term of the form G′(w) = wp, with p > 1 an odd number. The functions ϕ and ψ are radially symmetric in D, and ϕ, ψ, rϕ, and rψ are assumed to be small at infinity. We prove that our scheme is consistent order 𝒪(Δt2) + 𝒪(Δr2) for G′ identically equal to zero and provide a necessary condition for it to be stable order n. Part of our study will be devoted to compare the physical effects of β and γ. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2005
Evaluation of left ventricular function in long‐term survivors of childhood Hodgkin disease
Authors: Iarussi Diana , Pisacane Carlo , Indolfi Paolo , Casale Fiorina , Martino Vincenzo , Di Tullio Maria Teresa 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackgroundData on the presence of myocardial abnormalities in long‐term Hodgkin disease survivors are contradictory. The purpose of this study was to determine if myocardial performance index (MPI) was capable of discovering cardiac abnormalities.ProcedureEchocardiographic evaluation was performed in 31 survivors of Hodgkin disease (mean age 17.0 years), who received doxorubicin as part of chemotherapeutic treatment (median dose 164.8 ± 42.5 mg/m2). Control group comprised 22 healthy subjects (mean age 16.7 years).ResultsPeak A velocity was increased (P = 0.004) and peak E/A velocity ratio was lower (P = 0.002) in patients compared to controls. Mean isovolumetric contraction time was longer in patients than in controls (P = 0.0001). Ejection time was significantly shorter in patients than in the controls (P = 0.001). Consequently, the MPI was significantly greater in the patients than in the controls (P = 0.0001). Abnormal MPI was found in 25/31 patients (83%).ConclusionsThe Doppler‐derived index of combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance demonstrates the presence of subtle cardiac abnormalities in the majority of Hodgkin disease survivors. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rhabdomyoblastic pulmonary lesions in a patient with Wilms Tumor: choristomas or metastases?
Authors: Zwerdling Ted , Ducore Jonathan , Taylor Douglas , West Daniel C. , Konia Thomas 
Published: May 2005

AbstractNew lesions that occur while patients are receiving treatment for malignant tumors may represent not only difficulties in arriving at the correct diagnosis, but also impact on subsequent therapeutic options. We encountered a patient developing new pulmonary lesions during and after receiving treatment for Stage II Wilms tumor (WT). The presence of mature rhabdomyoblasts in multiple biopsy specimens allowed rational decisions to be made regarding subsequent therapy. This and other published experiences suggest that patients with WT may develop choristomas or have tumors, which undergo cytodifferentiation. Methodologies are now available allowing differentiation of these two processes. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Opioid selection during sickle cell pain crisis and its impact on the development of acute chest syndrome
Authors: Buchanan Iris D. , Woodward Maribel , Reed George W. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe hallmark of sickle cell disease (SCD) is recurrent, painful vaso‐occlusive episodes (VOC) and is the most common reason for hospitalization in SCD patients. Narcotics, particularly morphine, along with fluid hydration are standard treatments for painful episodes but have been associated with the development of acute pulmonary events commonly referred to as acute chest syndrome (ACS). The development of ACS is often preceded by acute infections, painful episodes, rib infarction, bone marrow infarction, and fat embolism. Its pathophysiology remains multifactorial and has become the most common reason for early mortality. Previous episodes of ACS increase the likelihood of repeated acute pulmonary events and subsequent pulmonary hypertension. Nalbuphine hydrochloride (Nubain) is an opioid with the pain relieving potency of morphine but has not been studied for its association in the development of ACS or compared with morphine in its efficacy of pain control in the sickle cell population.ProcedureWe reviewed the medical records retrospectively of patients between the age of 5 and 19 years, admitted for vaso‐occlusive crisis to the three children's hospitals in Atlanta between January 1999 and December 2002. A computerized search tool was used to identify patients using the International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision (ICD‐9) diagnosis code 282.60 and 282.62. The final discharge diagnosis of ACS was defined as a new pulmonary infiltrate on chest radiograph after admission and before discharge. We calculated the need for 160 patient admissions for 85% power to detect a difference of approximately 20% in incidence of ACS between the two treatment groups.ResultsThere were a total of 37 (21%) episodes of ACS. Of these, 26 (29%) were in the morphine group and 11 (12%) were in the Nubain group (P < 0.01). Patients receiving morphine were more likely to have higher white cell counts on admission (P < 0. 05), and to use continuous infusion for medication administration (49% vs. 3%), P < 0. 001. They also had longer hospital stays than patients who received Nubain (median stay 3 days vs. 4 days, morphine), P < 0. 001.ConclusionsThe development of ACS during painful episodes is multi‐factorial, but opioid selection may increase this rate. Patients on Nubain were less likely to develop ACS, and they had shorter hospital stays. These results were confounded by use of continuous analgesia infusion with PCA. However, Nubain may provide an alternative to morphine in the treatment of sickle cell pain episodes. A prospective clinical trial comparing these two analgesics would be a preferable next step. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Successful treatment of MYCN amplified, progressive stage 4S neuroblastoma in a neonate with hepatic artery embolization in addition to multimodality treatment
Authors: Boztug Kaan , Kiely Edward , Roebuck Derek J. , Gaze Mark , Begent Joanna , Brock Penelope , Michalski Antony 
Published: May 2005

AbstractStage 4S metastatic neuroblastoma (NB) has a favorable prognosis due to a high rate of spontaneous regression. Young infants risk lethal complications arising from hepatomegaly, which can develop rapidly despite treatment. MYCN oncogene amplification confers a significantly worse prognosis. We describe a 4‐week‐old neonate with MYCN‐amplified stage 4S NB complicated by gross hepatomegaly causing rapidly progressive respiratory, hepatic, and renal failure. The child remains in remission 3 years after hepatic artery embolization, radiotherapy, standard, and high‐dose chemotherapy. Embolization of the hepatic artery, with classical treatment, is feasible and safe at this age and may contribute substantially to the management of high‐risk patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Health‐related quality of life and coping strategies of children after treatment of a malignant bone tumor: A 5‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Koopman Hendrik M. , Koetsier Jitske A. , Taminiau Antonie H.M. , Hijnen Karin E. , Bresters Dorine , Egeler R. Maarten 
Published: May 2005

AbstractPurposeThis study was designed to evaluate the development of health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and coping strategies of children and young adults, who have undergone surgery for a malignant bone tumor in childhood.Patients and InstrumentsIn this single center follow‐up study 20 patients were included. The patients were tested 3 and 8 years after treatment. At the 3‐year mark the parents participated as well. To measure the HRQoL and coping strategies the TACQOL and the TAAQOL questionnaires and the Utrecht Coping List for Adolescents (UCLA) were used. All measurements were compared to a control group of healthy peers (n = 1,122 and n = 272, respectively).ResultsAt the first measurement (3 years after treatment) both the study patients and their parents reported significantly lower HRQoL scores on two domains: motor functioning and autonomy (P < 0.05). In addition parents reported their children to have significantly lower HRQoL scores on cognitive functioning and experiencing positive emotions. Five years later (8 years after treatment) the young adults reported comparable HRQoL on motor functioning and autonomy, and significantly higher HRQoL scores on cognitive functioning, social contacts and negative emotions (less depressive moods). With regard to coping strategies no significant differences between the two measurements in the study population and the reference group were found.ConclusionsThree years after surgery for a malignant bone tumor, patients and their parents reported lower HRQoL scores on different domains compared with a reference group. Eight years after surgery the young adults surprisingly reported comparable or higher HRQoL scores. These patients treated for bone cancer were able to adapt well after treatment and showed no long‐term emotional or social problems. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Qualitative versus quantitative blood cultures in the diagnosis of catheter‐related bloodstream infections in children with malignancy
Authors: Germanakis Ioannis , Christidou Athanasia , Galanakis Emmanouil , Kyriakakis Iraklis , Tselentis Yiannis , Kalmanti Maria 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackgroundPaired quantitative and qualitative blood cultures have been introduced for the diagnosis of catheter‐related bloodstream infections (CRBI) with the catheter in situ. The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic performance and the prognostic value of the two methods in the evaluation of febrile episodes without an apparent source in children with cancer.ProcedureDuring a 4‐year period, in every febrile episode without an apparent focus, blood was drawn simultaneously from the catheter lumen and a peripheral vein in order to perform paired quantitative (Isolator) as well as qualitative (BacT/Alert) blood cultures. The diagnosis of a CRBI was defined as either a case of greater (at least 10 fold) or earlier (differential time to positivity >2 h) bacterial growth from the catheter compared to the peripheral blood sample, respectively.ResultsNineteen febrile episodes manifested in 16 children (total period of observation 11,150 catheter‐days) were evaluated with both methods. A concordant diagnosis of CRBI was stated with both methods in six episodes; one episode was diagnosed as CRBI only with qualitative culture criteria. Treatment failure resulted in catheter removal in five out of the seven episodes defined as CRBI with either method. Episodes where a CRBI was ruled out with both methods had a favorable outcome.ConclusionsIn this study the two methods showed comparable results in the diagnosis of CRBI and both were of prognostic significance, regarding the outcome of the treatment. However, large scale studies are required in order to evaluate the clinical relevance and the cost effectiveness of performing routinely paired blood cultures with either method. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Standards of nutritional care in pediatric oncology: Results from a nationwide survey on the standards of practice in pediatric oncology. a Children's Oncology Group study
Authors: Ladas Elena J. , Sacks Nancy , Brophy Pat , Rogers Paul C. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of malnutrition in children with cancer ranges between 8% and 60%. Malnutrition is strongly associated with the nature of treatment and increases an individual's risk of infection. Clinical studies have suggested that nutrition intervention may decrease toxicity and improve survival in the oncology population. In order to identify the standards of practice in the nutritional management of a child with cancer, we conducted an international survey in institutions that are part of the Children's Oncology Group (COG) consortium.ProcedureSurveys were submitted to 233 participating COG institutions. We requested one member in three disciplines complete the survey: physician, registered dietitian, and nurse or nurse practitioner. The survey was returned to the nutrition sub‐committee of COG.ResultsFifty‐four percent of institutions responded to the survey. We found no consistency in the provision of nutrition services. Assessment of nutritional status does not routinely occur and different indices are employed to indicate the nutrition status of a patient. Institutions rely upon different guidelines when categorizing malnutrition. When nutrition intervention is clinically indicated, a variety of approaches are employed.ConclusionsThis survey did not find standardized nutrition protocols being employed in the pediatric oncology population. The effect of varied nutrition practices on the quality of life, toxicity, and outcome in children with cancer is unknown. Prior to the initiation of clinical trials, uniform guidelines need to be developed and validated. Future clinical trials need to investigate the most efficacious method of nutrition assessment and intervention and its effect on quality of life, toxicity, and survival in children with cancer. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Follicular dendritic cell tumour in a 9‐year‐old child
Authors: Bradshaw E.J. , Wood K.M. , Hodgkinson P. , Lucraft H. , Windebank K.P. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractFollicular dendritic cell tumour (FDCT) or sarcoma is a rare tumour first described in 1986. Some 80 cases have been reported, the youngest being in teenagers. Our patient first presented at 9 years of age with a cervical mass that was removed and revealed an apparently benign, but florid reactive process. At age 14 the lump recurred and biopsy was diagnostic of FDCT. Radical block dissection showed disease to level III and 6 weeks of radiotherapy was followed by 6 months adjuvant chemotherapy. Three years after completing his final treatment he shows no signs of recurrent disease. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pulmonary function abnormalities in children treated with whole lung irradiation
Authors: Weiner Daniel J. , Maity Amit , Carlson Claire A. , Ginsberg Jill P. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to determine the prevalence of abnormal pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in a cohort of children who had received whole lung irradiation (WLI) for treatment of metastatic disease.ProcedureThis was a retrospective (1988–2003) chart review that included all children treated at our institution with WLI who had undergone PFT. Data abstracted included oncologic diagnosis, radiation dose and fractionation, spirometry (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25%–75%), plethysmography (TLC, FRC, RV, RV/TLC), diffusing capacity (DLCO), and respiratory muscle strength (MIP, MEP). PFTs were normalized according to standard deviation (Z) scores.ResultsThirty patients were identified who had one or more PFT. The incidence of mild, moderate, or severe reductions in FEV1 was 30%, 10%, and 10%, respectively, with 50% having normal FEV1. Seventeen percent of patients had mild reduction in total lung capacity (TLC), while 13% and 30% had moderate or severe reductions. Thirty‐eight percent had mild reductions in diffusing capacity, while 29% and 14% had moderate or severe reductions.ConclusionsPulmonary function abnormalities were common in this cohort of children treated with WLI, and may be progressive in nature. Further studies are warranted to identify patients at highest risk. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation of aqueous anionic poly(urethane‐urea) dispersions. Influence of the structure and molecular weight of the macrodiol on the dispersion and polymer properties
Authors: Durrieu Vanessa , Gandini Alessandro 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAqueous poly(urethane‐urea) dispersions were prepared by the prepolymer mixing technique, without any organic solvent, using two aliphatic diisocyanates (α,α,α′,α′‐tetramethyl‐1,3‐xylylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate) and various macrodiols, in conjunction with a fixed proportion of emulsifying agent (dimethylol propionic acid, neutralised with triethylamine) and the same chain extender (1,2‐ethylene diamine). The properties of both the dispersions and the dried polymer films were characterised as a function of the two main parameters studied in this investigation, viz the structure of the macrodiols and their molecular weight, in order to establish criteria leading to optimised performances in terms of dispersion stability, particle size, and polymer film properties. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation of flexible polyhedral particles via concentrated emulsion templating polymerization
Authors: Xiang Aimin , Du Zhongjie , Zeng Qinghua , Zhang Chen , Li Hangquan 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThis paper presents recent efforts on the preparation of flexible polyhedral particles via concentrated emulsion templating polymerization in which the hydrophilic monomer (acrylamide) and hydrophobic monomer (butyl acrylate) are polymerized simultaneously in the continuous and dispersed phase, respectively. Such templating polymerization has been enhanced in our systems owing to the introduction of acrylamide monomer and their higher polymerization rate in continuous phase as compared with butyl acrylate in dispersed phase. Diffusion between the different phases was also inhibited. Furthermore, the stability of the concentrated emulsion and the molecular weight of the produced poly(butyl acrylate) were found to be significantly affected by the amount of redox initiator. The morphology of the particles could be controlled by varying the volume fraction of the dispersed phase and the polyhedral particles were achieved at higher volume fraction. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Melt miscibility and mechanical properties of metallocene linear low‐density polyethylene blends with high‐density polyethylene: influence of comonomer type
Authors: Hussein Ibnelwaleed A 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn this paper, the implications of melt miscibility on the thermal and mechanical properties of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE)/high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) blends were assessed with respect to the influence of the comonomer type. The influence of the latter was examined by selecting one butene LLDPE and one octene LLDPE of very similar weight‐average molecular weight (Mw), molecular‐weight distribution (MWD) and branch content, keeping the comonomer type as the only primary molecular variable. Each of the two metallocene LLDPEs was melt‐blended with the same HDPE at 190 °C in a Haake melt‐blender. The rheological, thermal and mechanical properties were measured by the use of an ARES rheometer, differential scanning calorimeter and Instron machine, respectively. The rheological measurements, made over the linear viscoelastic range, suggested no significant influence of the branch type on the melt miscibility. The rheology results are in agreement with those obtained from previous transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small‐angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies. The dynamic shear viscosity and total crystallinity of the metallocene (m)‐LLDPE blends with HDPE followed linear additivity. At small strains, the branch type has little or no influence on the melt miscibility and solid‐state properties of the blends. Even the large‐strain mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were not influenced by the comonomer type. However, the ultimate tensile properties of the HDPE‐rich blends were poor. Incompatibility of the HDPE‐rich blends, as a result of the weak interfaces between the blend components, is suggested to develop at large strains. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Social‐cognitive correlates of adjustment to prostate cancer
Authors: Roberts Katherine J. , Lepore Stephen J. , Helgeson Vicki 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThis study examined whether social support might enhance health‐related quality of life in men (n=89) treated for localized prostate cancer by improving their ability to cognitively process their cancer experience. Data were collected using two, structured in‐person interviews and abstracting medical records. The baseline interview was within several months (T1) after treatment for cancer, and follow‐up was 3 months later (T2). Most men (61.8%) were treated by radical prostatectomy. Results showed that T1 social support was positively related to T2 mental functioning, and this relation appeared to be mediated by T1 indicators of cognitively processing, intrusive thoughts and searching for meaning. These findings suggest that supportive social relations may improve mental functioning by helping men cognitively process their prostate cancer experience. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The development of a distraction‐based coping intervention for women waiting for genetic risk information: a phase 1 qualitative study
Authors: Phelps Ceri , Bennett Paul , Iredale Rachel , Anstey Sally , Gray Jonathon 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThis study explored the emotional and coping responses of women referred for cancer genetic risk assessment and the acceptability of a written distraction‐based coping intervention. Fifteen women recently referred into the Cancer Genetics Service for Wales (CGSW) took part in a focus group study. The women were divided into two groups, each of which met twice. During the first session, each group discussed their psychological responses to the referral and how they coped with their worries. Women discussed the potential role of the intervention in minimising distress. Analysis of the transcripts revealed that most women welcomed the referral to CGSW and that it did not create distress. However, there was concern for family members and anxiety about subsequent stages of the assessment process. The intervention was considered appropriate and potentially effective. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.