bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Augmentation of Liquid Metal Particle Mechanics via Non‐Native Oxide Nanoshells
Authors: Kong Wilson , Morris Nicholas J. , Farrell Zachary J. , Wheeler Robert , Tabor Christopher E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRoom‐temperature liquid metal particles based on gallium have become significantly important for developing next‐generation soft electronics. Eutectic gallium‐indium (EGaIn) alloys can be fabricated into core‐shell particles discretely encapsulated by a passivating oxide. Application of mechanical stimuli results in rupturing the molten core through the oxide shell, merging EGaIn particles to form conductive pathways. Generally, the mechanical properties of EGaIn are largely defined by the native oxide which imparts viscoelastic properties to the fluid. In this work, the practical implications of EGaIn deformation and fracture behavior with the native oxide and a non‐native inorganic silica shell are demonstrated. To augment the mechanical properties of EGaIn, silica nanoshells are introduced as a chemically inert coating to enable brittle fracture of particles. In situ single‐particle nanoindentation characterization reveals the environmental and geometrical considerations for particle deformation and fracture. Silica‐coated EGaIn particles reach stiffness values at least an order of magnitude higher than that of native EGaIn particles. The thickness of the silica shell can be tailored to further modify the mechanical behavior of EGaIn, enabling potential pressure‐sensitive conductivity. These results provide additional pathways to understand the design and implementation of functionalized EGaIn particles for future applications in mechanoresponsive electronics, plasmonics, and therapeutics.
Selective‐Area Growth of Aligned Organic Semiconductor Nanowires and Their Device Integration
Authors: Wang Xingyu , Luo Yuhao , Liao Jihui , Joselevich Ernesto , Xu Jinyou 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe simultaneous control of the orientation and position of organic semiconductor nanowires remains a major challenge when integrating them into monolithic devices. In this study, tris(8‐hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(III) (Alq3) molecules are self‐assembled into single‐crystalline nanowires with consistent orientation and predictable positions by selective‐area graphoepitaxial growth. The nanowire orientation is determined by parallel nanogrooves on a periodically modified faceted sapphire surface, and the position is simultaneously defined using a shadow mask. Computational fluid dynamics simulations showed that the mass flow field over the sapphire surface is tailored by the mask, resulting in preferential nanowire nucleation around the hole centers and leaving sufficient free space for the subsequent growth. Accordingly, the number, length, and density of the nanowires can be controlled by adjusting the mask layout. The good alignment and predictable positions of these nanowires facilitated their subsequent device integration, eliminating laborious assembly steps and potential damage after nanowire growth. Measurements from an in situ integrated two‐terminal device based on the Alq3 nanowires revealed that the nanowires exhibit a remarkable negative differential resistance and fast photoresponse in the UV region. Overall, selective‐area graphoepitaxial growth provides a versatile protocol for fabricating site‐ and orientation‐controlled organic semiconductor nanowires for the monolithic fabrication of nanowire‐based devices.
Electroconductive Collagen‐Carbon Nanodots Nanocomposite Elicits Neurite Outgrowth, Supports Neurogenic Differentiation and Accelerates Electrophysiological Maturation of Neural Progenitor Spheroids
Authors: Lomboni David J. , Ozgun Alp , de Medeiros Tayline V. , Staines William , Naccache Rafik , Woulfe John , Variola Fabio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeuronal disorders are characterized by the loss of functional neurons and disrupted neuroanatomical connectivity, severely impacting the quality of life of patients. This study investigates a novel electroconductive nanocomposite consisting of glycine‐derived carbon nanodots (GlyCNDs) incorporated into a collagen matrix and validates its beneficial physicochemical and electro‐active cueing to relevant cells. To this end, this work employs mouse induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)‐derived neural progenitor (NP) spheroids. The findings reveal that the nanocomposite markedly augmented neuronal differentiation in NP spheroids and stimulate neuritogenesis. In addition, this work demonstrates that the biomaterial‐driven enhancements of the cellular response ultimately contribute to the development of highly integrated and functional neural networks. Lastly, acute dizocilpine (MK‐801) treatment provides new evidence for a direct interaction between collagen‐bound GlyCNDs and postsynapticN‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors, thereby suggesting a potential mechanism underlying the observed cellular events. In summary, the findings establish a foundation for the development of a new nanocomposite resulting from the integration of carbon nanomaterials within a clinically approved hydrogel, toward an effective biomaterial‐based strategy for addressing neuronal disorders by restoring damaged/lost neurons and supporting the reestablishment of neuroanatomical connectivity.
Tumor Microenvironment Modulating CaCO3‐Based Colloidosomal Microreactors Can Generally Reinforce Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Dong Ziliang , Liu Yan , Wang Chunjie , Hao Yu , Fan Qin , Yang Zhijuan , Li Quguang , Feng Liangzhu , Liu Zhuang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTumor hypoxia and acidity, two general features of solid tumors, are known to have negative effect on cancer immunotherapy by directly causing dysfunction of effector immune cells and promoting suppressive immune cells inside tumors. Herein, a multifunctional colloidosomal microreactor is constructed by encapsulating catalase within calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticle‐assembled colloidosomes (abbreviated as CaP CSs) via the classic double emulsion method. The yielded CCaP CSs exhibit well‐retained proton‐scavenging and hydrogen peroxide decomposition performances and can thus neutralize tumor acidity, attenuate tumor hypoxia, and suppress lactate production upon intratumoral administration. Consequently, CCaP CSs treatment can activate potent antitumor immunity and thus significantly enhance the therapeutic potency of coloaded anti‐programmed death‐1 (anti‐PD‐1) antibodies in both murine subcutaneous CT26 and orthotopic 4T1 tumor xenografts. In addition, such CCaP CSs treatment also markedly reinforces the therapeutic potency of epidermal growth factor receptor expressing chimeric antigen receptor T (EGFR‐CAR‐T) cells toward a human triple‐negative breast cancer xenograft by promoting their tumor infiltration and effector cytokine secretion. Therefore, this study highlights that chemical modulation of tumor acidity and hypoxia can collectively reverse tumor immunosuppression and thus significantly potentiate both immune checkpoint blockade and CAR‐T cell immunotherapies toward solid tumors.
Recent Advances in Electrochemical CO2‐to‐Multicarbon Conversion: From Fundamentals to Industrialization
Authors: Wang Changli , Lv Zunhang , Feng Xiao , Yang Wenxiu , Wang Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical CO2 (eCO2)‐to‐multicarbon conversion with higher value is regarded as a potential way to promote the transformation of industrial production and the green balance of carbon cycle. Recently, a series of advances have been achieved in the progress of eCO2‐to‐multicarbon conversion, including the in‐depth exploration of coupling mechanisms, the up‐to‐date development of characterization techniques, and the novel interdisciplinary design strategies of catalysts and electrolytic systems. Therefore, it is essential to systematically overview the eCO2‐to‐multicarbon conversion from fundamentals to industrialization, compensating for the limited and insufficient reviews that have been reported. To fill the aforementioned research gap, this overview is focused on the eCO2‐to‐multicarbon conversion from fundamentals to industrialization. First, the possible catalytic mechanisms for eCO2‐to‐multicarbon conversion are accordingly summarized in the order of eCO2 reduction, small molecule‐coupled eCO2 reduction, and eCO2 tandem conversion. Second, the up‐to‐date in situ characterization technologies assisting the rationalization of coupling mechanisms are presented. Third, the optimizing strategies of catalysts and electrolytic systems are briefly classified for the advance of industrialization process. Finally, challenges and perspectives for the further development of eCO2‐to‐multicarbon conversion are reasonably proposed, aiming to offer insights for the following work in this field.
The normalisation of sexual violence revictimisation in regional and rural areas: Our failure to respond
Authors: Corbett Emily , Power Jennifer , Theobald Jacqui , Edmonds Lee , Wright Kate , Hooker Leesa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSexual revictimisation has devastating consequences for victim/survivors, yet there is limited research exploring women's experience of revictimisation in regional/rural areas. Using a community‐based participatory research (CBPR) approach, this paper reports on a qualitative study that employed a material feminist lens and Nixon's theory of “slow violence” to explore women's lived experiences of sexual revictimisation. In‐depth interviews were conducted with victim/survivors (N = 11) living in regional and rural areas of Australia. Findings show that the failure of family, community and services to respond appropriately to participant's disclosures of violence and abuse was deeply entangled with rural infrastructure, isolated landscapes, fear of social isolation, victim‐blaming discourses, idealisation of men in the community and limited relationship and sexuality education (RSE) in schools. These components collectively formed a manifestation of “slow violence,” which accumulated over the participants' life spans and gradually normalised relational violence. This paper draws attention to a complex interplay of cultural, material and interpersonal elements, including the culture and spaces of rural/regional communities, that establish conditions enhancing the likelihood of women experiencing sexual revictimisation.
Data and evaluation: A match made in policy heaven
Authors: Leigh Andrew 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBetter data are fundamental to improving the effectiveness of policies. Drawing on examples from nutrition, education, criminal justice and income support, I discuss how data access has contributed to policy improvements. Data linkage across departments can also help ensure that policymakers are focussed on the right policy goals, rather than merely those that are easiest to measure. As governments increase the rigour of evaluation, quality data will be crucial.
Efficient All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells with Low‐Optical‐Loss Carbazolyl Interconnecting Layers
Authors: Liu Chenshuaiyu , Lin Renxing , Wang Yurui , Gao Han , Wu Pu , Luo Haowen , Zheng Xuntian , Tang Beibei , Huang Zilong , Sun Hongfei , Zhao Siyang , Guo Yijia , Wen Jin , Fan Fengjia , Tan Hairen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCombining wide‐band gap (WBG) and narrow‐band gap (NBG) perovskites with interconnecting layers (ICLs) to construct monolithic all‐perovskite tandem solar cell is an effective way to achieve high power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, optical losses from ICLs need to be further reduced to leverage the full potential of all‐perovskite tandem solar cells. Here, metal oxide nanocrystal layers anchored with carbazolyl hole‐selective‐molecules (CHs), which exhibit much lower optical loss, is employed to replace poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT : PSS) as the hole transporting layers (HTLs) in lead‐tin (Pb‐Sn) perovskite sub‐cells and ICLs in all‐perovskite tandem solar cells. Optically transparent indium tin oxide nanocrystals (ITO NCs) layers are employed to enhance anchoring of CHs, while a mixture of two CHs is adopted to tune the surface energy‐levels of ITO NCs. The optimized mixed Pb‐Sn NBG perovskite solar cells demonstrate a high PCE of 23.2 %, with a high short‐circuit current density (Jsc) of 33.5 mA cm−2. A high PCE of 28.1 % is further obtained in all‐perovskite tandem solar cells, with the highest Jsc of 16.7 mA cm−2 to date. Encapsulated tandem solar cells maintain 90 % of their reference point after 500 h of operation at the maximum power point (MPP) under 1‐Sun illumination.
Blueberry intervention mitigates detrimental microbial metabolite trimethylamine N‐oxide by modulating gut microbes
Authors: Satheesh Babu Adhini Kuppuswamy , Petersen Chrissa , Iglesias‐Carres Lisard , Paz Henry A. , Wankhade Umesh D. , Neilson Andrew P. , Anandh Babu Pon Velayutham 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGut microbes play a pivotal role in host physiology by producing beneficial or detrimental metabolites. Gut bacteria metabolize dietary choline and L‐carnitine to trimethylamine (TMA) which is then converted to trimethylamine‐N‐oxide (TMAO). An elevated circulating TMAO is associated with diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in humans. In the present study, we investigated the effect of dietary blueberries and strawberries at a nutritional dosage on TMA/TMAO production and the possible role of gut microbes. Blueberry cohort mice received a control (C) or freeze‐dried blueberry supplemented (CB) diet for 12 weeks and subgroups received an antibiotics cocktail (CA and CBA). Strawberry cohort mice received a control (N) or strawberry‐supplemented (NS) diet and subgroups received antibiotics (NA and NSA). Metabolic parameters, choline, TMA, and TMAO were assessed in addition to microbial profiling and characterization of berry powders. Blueberry supplementation (equivalent to 1.5 human servings) reduced circulating TMAO in CB versus C mice (~48%) without changing choline or TMA. This effect was not mediated through alterations in metabolic parameters. Dietary strawberries did not reduce choline, TMA, or TMAO. Depleting gut microbes with antibiotics in these cohorts drastically reduced TMA and TMAO to not‐quantified levels. Further, dietary blueberries increased the abundance of bacterial taxa that are negatively associated with circulating TMA/TMAO suggesting the role of gut microbes. Our phenolic profiling indicates that this effect could be due to chlorogenic acid and increased phenolic contents in blueberries. Our study provides evidence for considering dietary blueberries to reduce TMAO and prevent TMAO‐induced complications.
Two‐dimensional Ti3C2 MXene for photocatalytic hydrogen production: A review
Authors: Reghunath B. Shalini , Rajasekaran Sruthi , Mathew Sandra , Pinheiro Dephan , Devi K. R Sunaja , Jung Sieon , Jayaraman Theerthagiri , Choi Myong Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the utilization of two‐dimensional Ti3C2 MXene as a catalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen production. MXenes, a class of transition metal carbides/nitrides, exhibit exceptional properties conducive to enhancing photocatalytic reactions. This research explores the performance of Ti3C2 MXene as a cocatalyst in photocatalytic systems, aiming to improve charge separation, inhibit recombination, and facilitate efficient hydrogen evolution from water under light irradiation. The synthesis methods, catalyst‐loading strategies, and overall photocatalytic mechanisms are investigated, shedding light on the potential of Ti3C2 MXene as a promising material for advancing hydrogen production through sustainable means.
Delineation of prototypical degradation mechanism, characterization of unknown degradation impurities by liquid chromatography–quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight–tandem mass spectrometry and stability‐indicating analytical method of selumetinib
Authors: Mishra Sonam , Rajput Niraj , Jadav Tarang , Panday Niraj Kumar , Sahu Amit Kumar , Sengupta Pinaki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSelumetinib (SELU) was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) in 2020. However, the degradation impurities of SELU have not been characterized or identified to date. The mechanism for impurity formation and the degradation behavior have not been previously studied. This study aims to elucidate the prototypical degradation mechanism of SELU. Furthermore, the degradation impurities have been identified using LC–quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry and are reported in this article for the first time. In addition, a stability‐indicating analytical method (SIAM) has been developed for this drug. Forced degradation studies revealed the degradation of SELU under various stress conditions, including hydrolytic stress (acid and base), oxidative stress, and photolytic stress (ultraviolet and visible). Three degradation impurities were identified. This article presents the first validated SIAM, capable of accurately quantifying SELU in the presence of its degradation impurities. Furthermore, we have proposed the degradation pathway for SELU and its degradation impurities, a first in the field. The developed SIAM can find applications in process development and quality assurance of SELU in both research laboratories and pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, the identified degradation impurities may serve as impurity standards for quality control testing in pharmaceutical industries.
Minimal residual disease status is the prognostic determinant following high‐dose treatment for patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Nahi Hareth , Afram Gabriel , Uttervall Katarina , Lockmer Sandra , Tätting Love , Gahrton Gösta , Kashif Muhammad , Alici Evren , Stromberg Olga , Klimkowska Monika , Lund Johan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of minimal residual disease (MRD+) following autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in multiple myeloma represents a poor prognostic factor for progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).MethodsAt our department, we recommend lenalidomide maintenance for patients who are MRD+ after ASCT, while MRD‐negative (MRD−) patients, after information about the national guidelines, were not advised to follow this regimen.ResultsOut of the total 228 patients, 175 received ASCT following first‐line induction (MRD− 92 (53%), MRD+ 83 (47%), at 2 months post‐ASCT), while 53 underwent ASCT after second‐line treatment (MRD− 27 (51%), MRD+ 26 (49%), at the same time point). Comparatively, MRD− patients who did not receive maintenance demonstrated better OS than MRD+ patients who received upfront ASCT and maintenance treatment (96% vs. 86%, p = 0.030, at 3 years). However, nonsignificant difference was found in PFS (76% vs. 62%, at 3 years). Furthermore, second‐line ASCT, MRD− non‐maintained patients exhibited significantly better PFS than MRD+ (71% vs. 27%, p > 0.001, at 3 years). However, OS was better but nonsignificant (96% vs. 76%, at 3 years). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was performed on 141 out of the 228 patients. Of these, 85 (60%) patients were deemed standard risk (SR), and 56 (40%) were classified as high risk (HR). In the SR cohort, MRD− patients exhibited better PFS and OS than MRD+ patients (71% vs. 59% and 100% vs. 85%, respectively). In the HR cohort, the MRD− patients showed superior PFS but similar OS compared to MRD+ patients (66% vs. 42% and 81% vs. 80%, respectively).ConclusionsOur results indicate that being MRD− is a more crucial prognostic factor for the 3‐year PFS and OS than the presence of high‐risk cytogenetic markers or undergoing maintenance treatment. The latter appears insufficient, particularly for MRD+ patients following ASCT in the second‐line setting, suggesting that these patients may require a more intensive treatment approach.
Therapists' and counsellors' perceptions and experiences of offering online therapy during COVID‐19: A qualitative survey
Authors: Full Wayne , Vossler Andreas , Moller Naomi , Pybis Jo , Roddy Jeannette 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this research was to understand counsellors' and therapists' perceptions and experiences of working online during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodFive hundred and ninety clinicians, mostly UK‐based, responded to an online qualitative survey, which allowed data to be gathered from a broader range of participants than is typical for qualitative interviews or focus group studies, and provided a wide‐angle lens. The survey generated over 130,000 words, on which a five‐staged framework analysis was conducted. Seven superordinate themes were identified.ResultsIn this paper, three of these superordinate themes specifically addressing online therapeutic practice with individual adult clients are presented. Therapists' accounts addressed the diverse ways in which the online space changed how they thought about the therapy relationship and their interactions with clients. Respondents described instances where online therapy had been beneficial for facilitating and cultivating the therapeutic process and relationship as well as how online therapy could have a potentially disruptive impact on therapeutic practice.ImplicationsFor practitioners who continue to deliver therapy solely online and/or offer hybrid services, this study identifies the specific knowledge and skills required for effective and safe online therapeutic work.
Anti‐Inflammatory Phomalones from the Deep‐Sea‐Derived Fungus Trichobotrys effuse FS522
Authors: Huang Hui‐Bin , Chen Yu‐Chan , Wen Ting‐Yue , Li Sai‐Ni , Liu Zhao‐Ming , Zhang Wei‐Min , Gao Xiao‐Xia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFour new phomalones A−D (1–4), together with five known analogues (5–9) were isolated from the deep‐sea‐derived fungus Trichobotrys effuse FS522. Their structures of the new compounds established by analysis of their NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS spectroscopic data, and the absolute configurations of 2 was determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. compounds 4, 6 and 8 substantially inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) with IC50 values of 4.64, 13.90, and 34.07 μM.
Single‐Component Catalysts for the Vinyl‐Addition Polymerization of Norbornene and its Derivatives
Authors: Bermesheva Evgeniya V. , Bermeshev Maxim V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVinyl‐addition polynorbornenes are versatile templates for the targeted design of high‐performance materials for various applications such as membrane gas separation, micro‐ and optoelectronics, fuel cells, sensors, and catalyst supports. The cornerstone of the synthesis of these compounds is the choice of catalyst used for polymerization. Previous review articles focused on two‐ and three‐component catalytic systems with cocatalysts used for vinyl‐addition polymerization (VAP). Hence, this Review discusses the advances in the design and development of single‐component neutral and cationic catalysts for the VAP of norbornenes. The catalyst structure, catalytic activity, and molecular weight characteristics of the polymers produced using these catalysts are elucidated.