bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ConIS: Controllable Text-Driven Image Stylization with Semantic Intensity
Authors: Yang Gaoming Yang , Li Changgeng Li , Zhang Ji Zhang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Text-driven image stylization aims to synthesize content images with learned textual styles. Recent studies have shown the potential of the diffusion model for producing rich stylizations. However, existing approaches inefficiently control the degree of stylization, which hinders the balance between style and content in generated images. In this paper, we propose a Controllable Text-Driven Image Stylization (ConIS) Framework based on the diffusion model. The proposed framework introduces two modules into the pre-trained text-to-image model. The first is an Unconditional Null-text Inversion (UNTI) module, which optimizes null-text embedding to reduce the bias between inversion and sampling in the diffusion model. Given a content image, this module is able to reconstruct it without semantic guidance. The second is a Null-text Dilution (NTD) module. We design a parameterization mechanism for the semantic intensity of textual conditions, which indirectly controls the degree of stylization through the style degree factor. Finally, we replace the attention maps used in the sampling process with those from the UNTI module to constrain the structure of content images. Experiments have shown that the proposed method enables fine-grained control over the degree of stylization without retraining or fine-tuning the network. Both qualitative and quantitative results indicate that the ConIS framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods in balancing artistic detail and content structure.
Extremity fractures, attempted suicide, blood transfusion and thromboembolic events are independent risk factors for a prolonged hospital stay in severely injured elderly
Authors: Störmann Philipp , Hörauf Jason A. , Sturm Ramona , Zankena Lara , Zumsteg Jonin Serafin , Lefering Rolf , Marzi Ingo , Pape Hans-Christoph , Jensen Kai Oliver 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Methods:
Due to demographic change, the number of polytraumatized geriatric patients (> 64 years) is expected to further increase in the coming years. In addition to the particularities of the accident and the associated injury patterns, prolonged inpatient stays are regularly observed in this group. The aim of the evaluation is to identify further factors that cause prolonged inpatient stays.
A study of the data from the TraumaRegister DGU® from 2016-2020 was performed. Inclusion criteria were an age of over 64 years, intensive care treatment in the GAS-region, and an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of at least 16 points. All patients who were above the 80th percentile for the average length of stay or average intensive care stay of the study population were defined as so-called long-stay patients. This resulted in a prolonged inpatient stay of > 25 days and an intensive care stay of > 13 days. Among other, the influence of the cause of the accident, injury patterns according to body regions, the occurrence of complications, and the influence of numerous clinical parameters were examined.
Results:
A total of 23,026 patients with a mean age of 76.6 years and a mean ISS of 24 points were included. Mean ICU length of stay was 11 +/- 12.9 days (regular length of stay: 3.9 +/- 3.1d vs. prolonged length of stay: 12.8 +/- 5.7d) and mean inpatient stay was 22.5 +/- 18.9 days (regular length of stay: 20.7 +/- 15d vs. 35.7 +/- 22.3d). A total of n=6,447 patients met the criteria for a prolonged length of stay. Among these, patients had one more diagnosis on average (4.6 vs. 5.8 diagnoses) and had a higher ISS (21.8 +/- 6 pts. vs. 26.9 +/- 9.5 pts.)
Independent risk factors for prolonged length of stay were intubation duration greater than 6 days (30-fold increased risk), occurrence of sepsis (4x), attempted suicide (3x), presence of extremity injury (2.3x), occurrence of a thromboembolic event (2.7x), and administration of red blood cell concentrates in the resuscitation room (1.9x).
Conclusions:
The present analysis identified numerous independent risk factors for significantly prolonged hospitalization of the geriatric polytraumatized patient, which should be given increased attention during treatment. In particular, the need for a smooth transition to psychiatric follow-up treatment or patient-adapted rehabilitative care for geriatric patients with prolonged immobility after extremity injuries is emphasized by these results.
Long-term outcomes of computer-navigation assisted geographic resection for primary bone tumors in lower extremities - when less is more
Authors: Li Zhuoyu , Liu Weifeng , Deng Zhiping , Yang Yongkun , Jin Tao , Sun Yang , Li Yuan , Hao Lin , Zhang Qing , Niu Xiaohui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to to investigate the outcomes of geographic resections with computer navigation for treatment of bone tumors in lower extremities.
Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 51 patients who underwent computer-navigation assisted (25 cases) and free-hand (26 cases) geographic resections of bone tumors in lower extremities between September 2010 and Feburary 2022. All patients’ bone defects were reconstructed by allograft bones. The oncological outcomes, functional outcomes, resection accuracy and complications were compared between these two groups in this study.The oncological outcomes comparasion included the local control,metastasis and 3-year and 5-year overall survival differences between the navigation-assisted (NA) group and the free-hand (FH) group. The oncological outcomes were evaluated by Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores. The resection accuracy was evaluated by indicators such as the major-axis length,the minor-axis length and maximal gap. The resection error (RE) was defined as the resected specimen length minus the planned resection length and were compared between the two groups. The maximal gap error (MGE) was defined as the length between the margin of allograft bones and the host bones at the bone cutting sites.
Results 51 consecutive patients was included in this retrosepective cohort and there were no patients lost in the follow-up period. The mean follow-up time was 93.76+38.49 (22-179) months. No navigation-related surgical complications were observed. The resection errors between the postoperative specimen length and the preoperative planned length were compared to evaluate the resection accuracy after surgery. In the navigation group, the resected errors of the long axis, short axis and depth were 1.760±1.109 (-3.9 to 3.8) mm, 1.32±0.571 (-2.3 to 2.3) mm and 1.58±0.360 (-2.1 to 2.3) mm in the navigation group and 3.67±1.829 (-4.2 to 3.4) mm, 4.61±2.488 (-9.4 to 10.4) mm and 4.21±1.902 (-7.1 to 9.5) mm in the free-hand group, respectively(p<0.001). While the comparasion of oncological, functional outcomes and complications between the groups didn’t show statistical difference (p>0.05).
Conclusions These resection accuracy of computer-navigation assisted surgery is better than free-hand group for bone tumors in lower extremities, and does not affect the oncological outcomes, functional outcomes and complications compared to the control group.
Level of evidence: level III Therapeutic.
How to disentangle sea level rise and a number of other processes influencing coastal floods?
Authors: Orlić Mirko , Pasarić Miroslava 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

On 12 November 2019 at 21:50 UTC about 85% of the city of Venice was flooded, due to the sea level height reaching 189 cm – the second largest value ever recorded there. Both the operational modeling system and the machine learning system underestimated the event by about 40 cm. In order to explain the underestimation, the sea level data recorded in the area were subjected to the decomposition method that had been gradually developed at the Andrija Mohorovičić Geophysical Institute over the last forty or so years. The procedure revealed eight phenomena contributing to the sea level maximum: vertical land motion, sea level rise, variable annual change, surge caused by planetary atmospheric waves, tide, storm surge, meteotsunami and wind set-up inside the lagoon. It turned out that a combined contribution of the last two phenomena was almost equal to the difference between observed sea level height and forecasted/hindcasted values. Consequently, the difference was related to a secondary atmospheric depression, which had caused both meteotsunami and wind set-up inside the lagoon but was not adequately captured by the operational modeling system nor was it allowed for by the machine learning system. Since the decomposition method proved to be useful in the Adriatic Sea, it is expected that the method could be applicable in other basins around the world if they are prone to strong and multifaceted atmospheric forcing.
Constructing genotype and phenotype network helps reveal
Authors: Cao Xuewei , Zhu Lirong , Liang Xiaoyu , Zhang Shuanglin , Sha Qiuying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background. Analyses of a bipartite Genotype and Phenotype Network (GPN), linking the genetic variants and phenotypes based on statistical associations, provide an integrative approach to elucidate the complexities of genetic relationships across diseases and identify pleiotropicloci. In this study, we assess contributions to constructing a well-defined GPN with a clear representation of genetic associations by comparing the network properties with a random network, including connectivity, centrality, and community structure. Then, we extend our discussion to include two applications of bipartite GPN in disease heritability enrichment analysis and phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS).
Results. We construct network topology annotations of genetic variants that quantify the possibility of pleiotropy and apply stratified linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression to 12 highly genetically correlated phenotypes to identify enriched annotations. The constructed network topology annotations are informative for disease heritability after conditioning on a broad set of functional annotations from the baseline-LD model. In application of PheWAS, the community detection method can be used to obtain a priori grouping of phenotypes detected from GPN based on the shared genetic architecture, then jointly test the association between multiple phenotypes in each network module and one genetic variant to discover the cross-phenotype associations and pleiotropy. Significance thresholds for PheWAS are adjusted for multiple testing by applying the false discovery rate (FDR) control approach. Extensive simulation studies and analyses of 633 electronic health record (EHR)-derived phenotypes in the UK Biobank GWAS summary dataset reveal that most multiple phenotype association tests based on GPN can well-control FDR and identify more significant genetic variants compared with the tests based on UK Biobank categories.
Conclusions. The construction and integration of the bipartite GPNs enhance our understanding of disease heritability, genetic architecture between phenotypes, and pleiotropy.
Application of Graphical Analysis and Principal Components in Investigating the Effect of Genotype × Trait (GT) in Maize Hybrids
Authors: Shojaei Seyed Habib , Bihamta Mohammad Reza , Mousavi Seyed Mohammad Nasir , Qasemi Seyed Hamed , keshavarzi Mohammad Hossein Bijeh , Omrani Ali 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of genotype x trait and investigate grain yield and yield components and to select the most suitable hybrid in terms of traits, 20 maize hybrids were cultivated and investigated in the form of randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications in Karaj region. The results of the analysis of variance at the probability level of 0.01 showed that the effect of genotype in terms of all traits except for the traits of days until tassel dries, peduncle outside the flag leaf, tassel length, the number of fill seeds and the depth of the seeds are significantly different. Based on the mean comparison done by Duncan's method, G3, G6, G7 and G4 genotypes were identified as favorable hybrids and G17, G20, G19 and G18 hybrids were identified as unfavorable hybrids in terms of all evaluated traits. Based on the graphic analysis done on the data, the genotypes G5, G4, G6, G3, G9 and G14 can be identified as desirable hybrids. Also, based on the genotypes grouping diagram, the hybrids were grouped into 9 groups in terms of traits. The correlation diagram between the traits also indicated that the grain yield trait has a positive correlation with tassel length, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf surface traits. Based on the principal components analysis, the traits were named into 10 components, which are respectively: components of ear characteristics, time characteristics in terms of maturity, leaf characteristics, Characteristics of maize plant 1, characteristics of maize plant 2, physiological characteristics and germination, the crown part of the ear characteristics, grain characteristics, grain yield and characteristics of the ear head.
The Association between Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis and Post- stroke Mild Behavioral Impairment
Authors: Liu Zhengxin , Wei Wenshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to analyze the association between Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) and post-stroke mild behavioral impairment (MBI) in patients with minor stroke.
Methods
A total of 121 patients underwent high-resolution 3T magnetic resonance angiography and MBI checklist (MBI-C) assessment. We adjusted for demographic and vascular risk factors in logistic regression analysis, to determine the association of ICAS with MBI.
Results
Of the 121 patients with minor stroke in this study, 52 (42.98%) were diagnosed with ICAS. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that patients with ICAS were more likely to develop MBI after an acute, non-disabling ischemic stroke compared to patients without ICAS (Odds Ratio:5.28; 95% Confidence Interval: 2.27-13.0)
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated a positive association between ICAS and post-stroke MBI in patients with minor stroke. Furthermore, the inverse correlation between precuneus cortical thickness and MBI scores provides a new insight into further diagnosing MBI through imaging. Our findings suggest that early detection and treatment of ICAS may help prevent the development of MBI in patients with minor stroke.
Selection bias risk in randomised control trials rated as of “low bias” risk according to Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 tool (Protocol)
Authors: Mickenautsch Steffen , Yengopal Veerasamy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the risk of selection bias in “low bias” risk rated randomised control trials (RCT).
Methods: A systematic literature search of current systematic reviews of RCTs will be conducted. From the identified reviews, RCTs with overall “high bias” and “low bias” RoB 2 risk ratings will be extracted. All RCTs will be statistically tested for selection bias risk. From the test results true positive, true negative, false positive or false negative ratings will be established and the negative and positive likelihood ratios with 95% Confidence interval computed. From the likelihood ratios the likelihood that RCTs with “low bias” RoB 2 risk ratings are at actual risk of selection bias will be inferred.
Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for methodological studies. The results will be disseminated as a prior preprint version and subsequent peer-reviewed publication.
Estimation of irrigation water requirements in the Gharb-irrigated perimeter (north-western Morocco)
Authors: Cheikhaoui Yousra , Sadiki Mohamed , Allouza Mohamed , Chakiri Saïd , Bouabdli Abdelahek 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Climate change has significant implications in semi-arid regions, including the Gharb Plain in North-Western Morocco. The short- or long-term consequences can have serious impacts on the population and the ecosystem, and more particularly on agricultural activities. Addressing the challenges of sustainable food production within the existing agricultural land while minimizing ecological disruption poses a pressing concern. A key aspect in achieving this balance lies in accurately estimating water requirements and maintaining water balance in irrigated agricultural areas, thereby ensuring efficient allocation of water resources while minimizing the ecological footprint in arid and semi-arid regions. This study employs NASA POWER meteorological data, GIS technology, and the Penman–Monteith equation to estimate irrigation water requirements (IWRs) for rice, sugarcane, and citrus crops in the Gharb Plain. Our study shows a significant decrease in IWRs in the Gharb Plain region, due to improved agricultural practices and efficient irrigation techniques. The peak period for crop water needs is between May and September. Sugarcane has the highest water consumption compared to rice and citrus. Climate variables, irrigation efficiency, and changes in cultivation impact water requirements. Our findings aid in estimating irrigation needs for different crops in the Gharb Plain, promoting sustainable water management.
P53-induced GAP-43 Upregulation in Primary Cortical Neurons of Rats
Authors: Li Tianxia , Jia Yuexin , Fu Junxian , Fu Zhuo , Qiao Zhidong , Liu Xiaoyang , Lv Ting , Tang Rong , Yang Guanglu 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
In this study, we employed an in vitro culturing technique to investigate the
impact of p53 on the modulation of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) within the primary
cortical neurons of rat specimens.

Methods:
(1) Within the first 24 hours after birth, the bilateral cortex was extracted from newborn
Wistar rats and primary cortical neurons were cultured and identified. (2) The changes in the mRNA
and protein expressions of GAP-43 induced by p53 in rat primary cortical neurons cultured in
vitro were identified utilizing real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot techniques.

Results:
(1) Lentiviral transfection of p53 within primary cortical neurons of rats elicited elevated
levels of both mRNA and protein expressions of GAP-43, consequently culminating in a noteworthy
augmentation of p53 expression. (2) The introduction of a p53 inhibitor in rat primary cortical
neurons resulted in a reduction in both mRNA and protein expressions of GAP-43.

Conclusion:
Within primary rat cortical neurons, p53 has the potential to prompt an augmentation
in both the transcriptional and protein expression levels of the GAP-43 protein.
Effect of chitosan coating on drug carrier capacity of metal organic framework MIL-100(Fe) contained cyclophosphamide
Authors: Tohidi S. , Aghaie-Khafri M. , Kadivar M. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Among the various investigated drug carriers, metal-organic
frameworks (MOFs) have recently gained attention due to their ability to adsorb different
drugs and compatibility with various surface modification strategies. In this study, molecular dynamic simulation was conducted to assess the effect of chitosan on the loading of
cyclophosphamide into MIL-100(Fe).

Methods:
The simulations provided insights into atomic interactions by determining the
coefficient of diffusion as mean squared displacement (MSD), resulting in values of 1.35
and 1.25 before and after chitosan coating, respectively. Experimental analysis of the chitosan-coated MIL-100(Fe) containing cyclophosphamide (MIL-100(Fe)/CS/CP) was performed using SEM, FTIR, BET, DLS, and powder X-ray diffraction. The drug loading
and release processes were evaluated using UV-spectroscopy. RESULT: In vivo-in vitro
studies were carried out to assess the performance of the system. The drug loading in chitosan-coated MIL-100(Fe) showed a significant increase compared to uncoated MIL100(Fe), with payloads of 32% and 26.41%, respectively.

Conclusion:
DLS analysis revealed that the presence of chitosan increased the particle
size of MIL-100(Fe) from 381 to 463 nm and altered the zeta potential from 18 to -17 mV.
The toxic impact of MIL-100(Fe)/CS/CP was evaluated on MCF-7 cells (human breast
cancer cells) through in vivo experimental analysis. In vivo images and H&E analysis
demonstrated the inhibitory effects of MIL-100(Fe)/CS/CP on tumor cells. Additionally,
the drug loading of MIL-100(Fe) particles and MIL-100(Fe)/CS was simulated using the
molecular dynamics software LAAMPS, providing further insights into the system's behavior and performance.
Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis
and Immune Infiltration Analysis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell
Carcinoma
Authors: Xing Aiyan , Lv Dongxiao , Wu Changshun , Zhou Kai , Zhao Tianhui , Zhao Lihua , Wang Huaqing , Feng Hong 
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
This study aims to assess the prognostic implications of gene signature of
the tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and
scrutinize the influence of TLS on immune infiltration.

Methods:
Patients with HNSCC from the Cancer Genome Atlas were categorized into high/low
TLS signature groups based on the predetermined TLS signature threshold. The association of the
TLS signature with the immune microenvironment, driver gene mutation status, and tumor mutational load was systematically analyzed. Validation was conducted using independent datasets
(GSE41613 and GSE102349).

Results:
Patients with a high TLS signature score exhibited better prognosis compared to those
with a low TLS signature score. The group with a high TLS signature score had significantly higher immune cell subpopulations compared to the group with a low TLS signature score. Moreover,
the major immune cell subpopulations and immune circulation characteristics in the tumor immune microenvironment were positively correlated with the TLS signature. Mutational differences in driver genes were observed between the TLS signature high/low groups, primarily in the
cell cycle and NRF2 signaling pathways. Patients with TP53 mutations and high TLS signature
scores demonstrated a better prognosis compared to those with TP53 wild-type. In the independent cohort, the relationship between TLS signatures and patient prognosis and immune infiltration was also confirmed. Additionally, immune-related biological processes and signaling pathways were activated with elevated TLS signature.

Conclusion:
High TLS signature is a promising independent prognostic factor for HNSCC patients. Immunological analysis indicated a correlation between TLS and immune cell infiltration
in HNSCC. These findings provide a theoretical basis for future applications of TLS signature in
HNSCC prognosis and immunotherapy.