bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BERT-based tourism named entity recognition: making use of social media for travel recommendations
Authors: Fudholi Dhomas Hatta , Zahra Annisa , Rani Septia , Huda Sheila Nurul , Paputungan Irving Vitra , Zukhri Zainudin 
Published: December 2023

Background
Social media has become a massive encyclopedia of almost anything due to its content richness. People tell stories, write comments and feedback, and share knowledge through social media. The information available on social media enables ‘clueless’ travelers to get quick travel recommendations in the tourism sector. Through a simple query, such as typing ‘places to visit in Bali’, travelers can get many blog articles to help them decide which places of interest to visit. However, doing this reading task without a helper can be overwhelming.

Methods
To overcome this problem, we developed Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)-based tourism named entity recognition system, which is used to highlight tourist destination places in the query result. BERT is a state-of-the-art machine learning framework for natural language processing that can give a decent performance in various settings and cases. Our developed tourism named entity recognition (NER) model specifies three different tourist destinations: heritage, natural, and purposefully built (man-made or artificial). The dataset is taken from various tourism-related community articles and posts.

Results
The model achieved an average F1-score of 0.80 and has been implemented into a traveling destination recommendation system. By using this system, travelers can get quick recommendations based on the popularity of places visited in the query frame.

Discussion
Based on the survey that we conducted to target respondents who have never visited and have no or limited knowledge about tourist attractions in some example cities, their average interest level from the recommendation results is higher than four on a scale of 1 to 5. Thus, it can be considered a good recommendation. Furthermore, the NER model performance is comparable to another related research.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance and computed tomography enterography in the diagnosis of small intestinal tumors
Authors: Li Ruitao , Ye Shengqiang , Zhou Chenglong , Liu Feng , Li Xiaonan 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To explore the potential value of magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) enterography in the diagnosis of small intestinal tumor (SIT).

Methods
Articles reporting on the diagnosis of SIT by MR and CT enterography deposited in Chinese and foreign literature databases were identified and evaluated using the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS). The diagnostic data extracted from the articles were adopted for meta-analysis using Meta-disc 1.40 software. Analysis was undertaken to compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of MR and CT enterography in the diagnosis of SIT. The diagnostic values of the two imaging methods were analyzed by summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves. The meta-analysis was registered at INPLASY (202380053).

Results
A total of eight articles, including 551 cases of SIT were included in this analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of MR enterography were 0.92 (95% CI [0.89–0.95]) and 0.81 (95% CI [0.74–0.86]), respectively, whilst CT enterography had a sensitivity of 0.93 (95% CI [0.90–0.95]) and a specificity of 0.83 (95% CI [0.76–0.88]). For MR enterography, the combined positive likelihood ratio was 4.90 (95% CI [3.50–6.70]), the combined negative likelihood ratio was 0.10 (95% CI [0.07–0.14]), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.940. For CT enterography, the corresponding values were 5.40 (95% CI [3.90–7.40]), 0.08 (95% CI [0.06–0.12]), and 0.950, respectively. When the pretest probability for MR was assumed to be 50%, the posterior probabilities for positive and negative results were calculated as 83% and 9%, respectively. For CT enterography with a pretest probability of 50%, the posterior probabilities of positive and negative results were 84% and 8%, respectively.

Conclusion
MR and CT enterography have high accuracy in the diagnosis of SIT and have a valuable role in the diagnosis and management of these tumors.
Initial decomposition of floating leaf blades of Nymphoides peltata (S.G. Gmel.) O. Kuntze (Menyanthaceae): causes, impact and succession
Authors: Klok Peter F. , van der Velde Gerard 
Published: December 2023

Background
During a study on the outdoor floating leaf blade production of Nymphoides peltata (S.G. Gmel.) O. Kuntze (Fringed Water Lily), initial leaf blade decomposition was studied by simultaneously measuring infected, damaged and lost area of floating leaf blades.

Methods
Data on initial decomposition over time were collected for all leaves during one growth season in four plots: two in outdoor mesocosms and two in an oxbow lake. Each leaf was tagged uniquely upon appearance in a plot. The vegetation in the mesocosms differed with respect to plant species, one contained a monoculture of N. peltata and the other N. peltata associated with Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br. and G. maxima (Hartm.) Holmb. The lake plots were situated within a monospecific N. peltata stand, differing in depth and position within the stand. Leaf length, visually estimated percentages of damaged area for each damage type, and decay of the tagged leaves were recorded bi-weekly. When the leaf blades sunk under the water surface or disappeared completely, they were no longer followed. Under water the leaves decayed and were consumed by snails completely, so contributing to the detritus food chain.

Results
The observed causes of damage on floating leaves were consumption and/or damage by waterbirds (Fulica atra), pond snails, caterpillars (Elophila nymphaeata, Cataclysta lemnata), chironomid larvae (Cricotopus trifasciatus), infection by a phytopathogenic fungus (Septoria villarsiae), senescence by autolysis, and microbial decay. Successional changes in causes of leaf decomposition and impacts of different causes are discussed.
Staff Capacity and Management of Diabetic Patients at Mnazi Mmoja Hospital in the Urban District of Unguja, Zanzibar
Authors: Muki Sultan Khamis , Haroonah Nsubuga , Hemed Issa Moh’d 
Published: December 2023

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) stand as a formidable global public health challenge, casting a shadow over populations and contributing significantly to global mortality rates. Among the primary culprits in this health crisis are cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer. This study zeroes in on a critical facet of this challenge - the staff capacity and management of diabetic patients at Mnazi Mmoja Hospital in the Urban District of Unguja, Zanzibar. The urgency of this research is accentuated by the staggering statistic that approximately 415 million people worldwide are grappling with diabetes, catapulting it into the forefront of global health emergencies in the twenty-first century. In response to this pressing need, 205 questionnaires were distributed among diabetes health workers at Mnazi Mmoja Hospital, creating a comprehensive foundation for analysis. Employing statistical techniques with SPSS version 26, the study sought to unravel the intricate landscape of staff knowledge and the challenges faced in managing diabetic patients.
The findings of the study paint a nuanced picture, revealing that 38.6% of the staff possessed specialized knowledge in managing diabetic patients, while 61.4% had general knowledge. Alarmingly, only 36.3% of diabetic health workers were available for the management of diabetic patients. The study sheds light on the multifaceted challenges faced by the staff, with issues related to equipment, drugs, support from relatives, psychotherapy treatment, and drug adherence and compliance all surfacing as significant concerns, reported by varying percentages. In the face of these challenges, the study underscores a compelling message: the critical importance of hospital management in recruiting staff with expertise in diabetic treatment and care. This strategic hiring approach is seen as a linchpin for ensuring the efficient and effective management of diabetic patients. Moreover, the study advocates for ensuring the availability of adequate equipment, medical supplies, and materials essential for investigating diabetes and its complications, such as diabetic foot, renal failure, and cardiovascular diseases. This comprehensive approach is deemed crucial for providing holistic care to patients grappling with the complexities of diabetes.
Predominance of K1 Allele in Erythrocytic form of Plasmodium falciparum MSP-1 Gene Signifies Severe Malaria in Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Abdulazeez , Kutshik Richard J. , Mankilik Mary M. , Yakubu Bitrus , Longdet Ishaya Y. 
Published: December 2023

Aim: The study explored the diversity of Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (msp-1) gene sequence and delineated the K1 allele occurrence and profile. The Plasmodium falciparum msp-1 gene encodes an antigen that is being proposed as a major vaccine candidate against the parasite infections.
Study Design: The design of the study was experimental.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was undertaken, between October 2018 and June 2019, in the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Nigeria.
Methodology: The DNA of Plasmodium falciparum was extracted from 117 blood samples of malaria patients confirmed by microscopy in three different hospitals in Jos. The msp-1 (block 2) allelic family’s genotyping was carried out using PCR and nested PCR techniques. Sequencing and Bioinformatics of the K1 alleles were done to further identify the K1 alleles.
Results: Out of the 117 DNA extracted, 13 samples were positive for Plasmodium falciparum and each was genotyped for msp-1. K1 was the most predominant allele (6/13) compared to MAD20 (4/13) and R033 (2/13). The allelic frequency of K1 was calculated to be 46.15%. The 225 bp Plasmodium falciparum K1 allele of the msp-1 gene studied displayed polymorphism. However, the sequence was very similar to those of Plasmodium falciparum already characterized.
Conclusion: Predominance of K1 allele is an indication that Jos is endemic to severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Workplace Absenteeism for Medical Reasons in the Handling and Transport Company in Conakry: A Survey Study
Authors: Alhousseine Yansane , Tidjani Dalil K. A.  , El-Mouksitou Akinocho , Moussa Keita , Mamadou Bah , Camara Mohamed T.  , Ansoumane Mara , Hassane Bah 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Absences from work generate financial costs and reduce the productivity of the company. The objective was to study absences for medical reasons in the workplace, particularly in a company that carries out the activities of conventional handling by the continuous loading and unloading of any type of goods, the activities of berthing of containers, storage.
Material and Methods: This was a 2-year retrospective study of the files of workers absent for medical reasons. We had carried out a descriptive analysis of absences and an evaluation of the financial costs and the number of working days lost by the company.
Results: Fifty-five percent (55%) of the workers had had at least one absence with an average absenteeism rate of 1.58%/year. The average number of days of absence per worker was 12.85 days and the average number of stoppages was 2.25. The main medical reasons for stoppages were ordinary pathologies 66.27% of stoppages and surgical pathologies i.e. 22.34%. Multiple stops were statistically significant with gender (p=0.01), age (p=0.03) and seniority (p<0.001).
Conclusion: ordinary infectious or non-infectious diseases and surgical pathologies were the main medical reasons for absenteeism in this company. Furthermore, gender, age and seniority were closely related to multiple stops.
Definition and Diagnostic Criteria for Pediatric Blepharokeratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Morales-Mancillas Nallely R. , Velazquez-Valenzuela Fabiola , Kinoshita Shigeru , Suzuki Tomo , Dahlmann-Noor Annegret H. , Dart John K. G. , Hingorani Melanie , Ali Asim , Fung Simon , Akova Yonca A. , Doan Serge , Gupta Noopur , Hammersmith Kristin M. , Tan Donald T. H. , Paez-Garza J. Homar , Rodriguez-Garcia Alejandro 
Published: December 2023

ImportancePediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis (PBKC) is a chronic, sight-threatening inflammatory ocular surface disease. Due to the lack of unified terminology and diagnostic criteria, nonspecific symptoms and signs, and the challenge of differentiation from similar ocular surface disorders, PBKC may be frequently unrecognized or diagnosed late.ObjectiveTo establish a consensus on the nomenclature, definition, and diagnostic criteria of PBKC.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis quality improvement study used expert panel and agreement applying the non-RAND modified Delphi method and open discussions to identify unified nomenclature, definition, and definitive diagnostic criteria for PBKC. The study was conducted between September 1, 2021, and August 14, 2022. Consensus activities were carried out through electronic surveys via email and online virtual meetings.ResultsOf 16 expert international panelists (pediatric ophthalmologists or cornea and external diseases specialists) chosen by specific inclusion criteria, including their contribution to scientific leadership and research in PBKC, 14 (87.5%) participated in the consensus. The name proposed was “pediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis,” and the agreed-on definition was “Pediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis is a frequently underdiagnosed, sight-threatening, chronic, and recurrent inflammatory eyelid margin disease associated with ocular surface involvement affecting children and adolescents. Its clinical spectrum includes chronic blepharitis, meibomitis, conjunctivitis, and corneal involvement ranging from superficial punctate keratitis to corneal infiltrates with vascularization and scarring.” The diagnostic criteria included 1 or more suggestive symptoms accompanied by clinical signs from 3 anatomical regions: the eyelid margin, conjunctiva, and cornea. For PBKC suspect, the same criteria were included except for corneal involvement.Conclusions and RelevanceThe agreements on the name, definition, and proposed diagnostic criteria of PBKC may help ophthalmologists avoid diagnostic confusion and recognize the disease early to establish adequate therapy and avoid sight-threatening complications. The diagnostic criteria rely on published evidence, analysis of simulated clinical cases, and the expert panel’s clinical experience, requiring further validation with real patient data analysis.
Early Weight-Bearing After Fibula Free Flap Surgery
Authors: Kim Minjee , Wu Michael P. , Miller Lauren E. , Meyer Charles D. , Feng Allen L. , Varvares Mark A. , Deschler Daniel G. , Lin Derrick T. , Richmon Jeremy D. 
Published: December 2023

ImportanceDespite the widespread use of fibula free flap (FFF) surgery for head and neck reconstruction, there are no studies assessing if early weight-bearing (EWB) affects postoperative recovery, and the timing of weight-bearing initiation following FFF surgery varies considerably across institutions. Therefore, it is important to understand the effect of EWB in these patients and whether it could improve postoperative recovery.ObjectiveTo assess the association of EWB after FFF surgery with donor-site complications, length of stay, and discharge to home status.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study took place at Massachusetts Eye and Ear, a single tertiary care institution in Boston, Massachusetts. A total of 152 patients who received head and neck reconstruction with a fibula osteocutaneous free flap between January 11, 2010, and August 11, 2022, were included.ExposureEWB on postoperative day 1 vs non-EWB on postoperative day 2 or later.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPatient characteristics, including demographic characteristics and comorbidities, surgical characteristics, donor-site complications, length of stay, and discharge disposition, were recorded. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regressions were used to compute effect sizes and 95% CIs to compare postoperative outcomes in EWB and non-EWB groups.ResultsA total of 152 patients (median [IQR] age, 63 [55-70] years; 89 [58.6%] male) were included. The median (IQR) time to postoperative weight-bearing was 3 (1-5) days. Among all patients, 14 (9.2%) had donor-site complications. EWB on postoperative day 1 was associated with shorter length of stay (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.10; 95% CI, 0.02-0.60), increased rate of discharge to home (AOR, 7.43; 95% CI, 2.23-24.80), and decreased donor-site complications (AOR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.01-0.94). Conversely, weight-bearing 3 or more days postoperatively was associated with an increased risk of pneumonia (AOR, 6.82; 95% CI, 1.33-34.99).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, EWB after FFF surgery was associated with shorter length of stay, increased rate of discharge to home, and decreased donor-site complications. These findings support the role of early mobilization to optimize postoperative recovery after FFF surgery.
Comprehensive Insight into Construction of Active Sites toward Steering Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion
Authors: Gao Wa , Chi Haoqing , Xiong Yujie , Ye Jinhua , Zou Zhigang , Zhou Yong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhotoreduction of CO2 into hydrocarbon fuels is a promising avenue for achieving a sustainable alternative to the artificial carbon cycle. Photocatalytic CO2 conversion is the chemical transformation of photogenerated carriers and adsorbed CO2 at active sites of catalysts. Active sites can regulate the kinetic process of carriers, control the adsorption of CO2 and intermediates, lower activation barriers, and promote C‐C coupling. This review mainly concentrates on the efficiency and selectivity regulation of the target products through construction of active sites. First, the principles of CO2 photoreduction, such as the influencing factors and specific pathways for monocarbon and multicarbon (C2+) formation, are discussed. Then, leading works focusing on improving catalytic efficiency and regulating product selectivity through the introduction of active sites are highlighted, concerning the underlying mechanism of the performance, especially for C2+ generation. Subsequently, an overview of the currently available in situ techniques and theoretical calculation for identifying the active sites are provided. Finally, the challenges of emerging strategies to achieve carbon recycling from scientific, technical, and economic perspectives are considered. This review offers deep insight into the construction of active site with atomic precision to achieve efficient photocatalytic CO2 conversion and the generation of C2+ in high selectivity.
Understanding the Role of Lithium Borate as the Surface Coating on High Voltage Single Crystal LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4
Authors: Park Na Ri , Li Yixuan , Yao Weiliang , Zhang Minghao , Han Bing , Mejia Carlos , Sayahpour Baharak , Shimizu Ryosuke , Bhamwala Bhargav , Dang Bryant , Kumakura Shinichi , Li Weikang , Meng Ying Shirley 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe high‐voltage spinel lithium nickel manganese oxide (LNMO) with an operating voltage of 4.8 V is a promising cathode material for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, LNMO/graphite (LNMO/Gr) full cells suffer capacity fading, which limits their practical applications. In this study, lithium metaborate (LBO) is applied on the LNMO surface to improve the full cell performance via a dry mixing method. The LBO‐coated LNMO delivers much better cycling stability than the uncoated LNMO in full cells with a practical 3 mAh cm−2 areal capacity. Different characterizations are performed to understand the coating effect to track the boron and its impact on the cathode, electrolyte, and anode. The LBO‐coated LNMO owns a 5 nm cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) with mitigated phase change after long‐term cycling. The uncoated LNMO has negligible CEI with obvious phase change. However, no boron can be detected on the surface of the coated sample. Electrolyte and anode analyses indicate that the coating acts as an additive reservoir, gradually dissolves into the electrolyte, and generates BF4− species. As a result, Nickel/Manganese (Ni/Mn) dissolution from LNMO and the extensive generation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the anode side is mitigated, thus improving the full‐cell cycling stability to a great extent.
Surface Modification of 3D‐Printed Micro‐ and Macro‐Structures via In Situ Nitroxide‐Mediated Radical Photopolymerization
Authors: Wu Xingyu , Leuschel Benjamin , Nam Nguyen Hoai , Guillaneuf Yohann , Gigmes Didier , Clément Jean‐Louis , Spangenberg Arnaud 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhoto‐controlled reversible‐deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) has recently emerged in light‐based 3D printing at macro‐ and micro‐scales, enabling the elaboration of objects with (re‐)configurable surface properties. The authors' previous work exploits nitroxide‐mediated radical photopolymerization (NMP2) in 3D micro‐printing and subsequent surface modification, by employing analkoxyamine‐based photoresist via 3D direct laser writing (DLW). However, this photoresist suffers from its low photosensitivity to wavelengths above 760 nm, limiting its suitability for commercial 3D DLW setups. To tackle these issues, a new strategy—in situ NMP2 based on a photoresist containing acommercial photoinitiator and a photosensitive‐nitroneis proposed. This photoresist is well‐suited for wavelengths commonly used by 3D DLW systems to obtain well‐defined 3D microstructures. Importantly, the in‐situ formation of alkoxyamine during fabrication allows photo‐induced surface modification of microstructures, highlighted by precise and successive surface patterning. Thesurface modification can be conducted at 800 nm or at wavelengths up to 860 nm. Subsequently, the impact of light wavelength and intensity isinvestigated to understand surface modification. The simple preparation of this novel photoresist allows facile adaptation to digital light processing for 3D macro‐printing. This work broadens the scope of photo‐controlled RDRP in 3D printing and greatly facilitates “living” 3D micro‐ and macro‐printing.
Rough‐Endoplasmic‐Reticulum‐Like Hierarchical Composite Structures for Efficient Mechanical‐Electromagnetic Wave‐Energy Attenuation
Authors: Yu Silin , Guo Weiqiang , Zhou Zhiling , Li Yong , Qiu Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInspired by a critical organelle called rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), a wave‐energy attenuation nano‐carbon foam (WANF) with a unique hierarchical composite structure consisting of 3D‐lamelle, 2D‐perforations and 1D‐microspheres is constructed by incorporating graphene oxide (GO) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into a carbon nanotubes (CNTs)‐based aerogel. Benefiting by unusual mechanisms like vortex shedding, secondary reflection and resonance, WANF displays excellent acoustic wave absorption, achieving a sound absorption coefficient of over 0.9 with a bandwidth of 4.75 kHz at a thickness of 20 mm. Significantly, it features obvious acoustic absorption intensity in medium‐low frequency range. Moreover, the nano‐carbon aerogel skeleton (NCAS) of WANF endows it with good electromagnetic wave absorption through dielectric loss, exhibiting a minimum reflection loss of −48.61 dB and an efficient electromagnetic absorption with a bandwidth of 5.35 GHz. The excellent wave‐energy attenuation performance of WANF indicates an attracting double‐stealth effect in sonic and electromagnetic area, which shows great potential in integrate protection of advanced military equipment and sensitive electronic infrastructures.