bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum metrology with boundary time crystals
Authors: Montenegro Victor , Genoni Marco G. , Bayat Abolfazl , Paris Matteo G. A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractQuantum sensing is one of the arenas that exemplifies the superiority of quantum technologies over their classical counterparts. Such superiority, however, can be diminished due to unavoidable noise and decoherence of the probe. Thus, metrological strategies to fight against or profit from decoherence are highly desirable. This is the case of certain types of decoherence-driven many-body systems supporting dissipative phase transitions, which might be helpful for sensing. Boundary time crystals are exotic dissipative phases of matter in which the time-translational symmetry is broken, and long-lasting oscillations emerge in open quantum systems at the thermodynamic limit. We show that the transition from a symmetry unbroken into a boundary time crystal phase, described by a second-order transition, reveals quantum-enhanced sensitivity quantified through quantum Fisher information. We also determine the critical exponents of the system and establish their relationship. Our scheme is indeed a demonstration of harnessing decoherence for achieving quantum-enhanced sensitivity. From a practical perspective, it has the advantage of being independent of initialization and can be captured by a simple measurement.
Respiratory drive during carbachol challenge in allergic sheep
Authors: Strömberg T. , Adams J. A. , Abraham W. M. , Sackner M. A. 
Published: October 2023

Diaphragmatic activity is the standard assessment of respiratory neural output but is difficult to measure and cannot be used for long‐term clinical monitoring. The tidal breathing minute ventilation (
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and mean inspiratory flow (VT/tI) reflect respiratory drive and can be monitored non‐invasively using respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP). Recent findings indicate that peak inspiratory acceleration (PIA) correlates to diaphragmatic activity during CO2 rebreathing in piglets. The aim of the present study was to assess whether tidal breathing peak inspiratory acceleration reflects respiratory drive during carbachol challenge. Aerosolized carbachol was administered to 15 allergic sheep until pulmonary resistance increased by at least 400%. After threshold dose, slight increases in

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and VT/tI were seen (8 and 5%, respectively; P=NS), while PIA increased by 30% (P<0·05). The change in PIA was closely correlated to changes in

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and VT/tI (r=0·73, P<0·01 and r=0·88, P<0·001, respectively). In conclusion, peak inspiratory acceleration reflected respiratory drive during bronchoprovocation. Further, this new measure of drive has the potential to accurately estimate drive in chronic obstructive lung disease where intrinsic positive end expiratory pressure prevents accurate selection of beginning inspiration necessary for computation of, e.g. VT/tI.
A deep Hα survey of the Carina tangent arm direction
Authors: Russeil D. , Zavagno A. , Amram P. , Elia D. , Molinari S. , Lecoarer E. 
Published: October 2023

Aims. The arm tangent direction provides a unique viewing geometry, with a long path in relatively narrow velocity ranges and lines of view that cross the arm perpendicular to its thickness. The spiral arm tangent regions are therefore the best directions for studying the interstellar medium within spiral density waves in the Milky Way, probing the internal structure in the arms. We focus here on the gas kinematics and star formation in the Galactic plane zone with longitudes of between 281° and 285.5° and latitudes of between ∼−2.5° and ∼1°, respectively, which contains the Carina arm tangency.
Methods. The Carina arm tangent direction was observed as part of a velocity-resolved Hα survey of the southern Milky Way using a scanning Fabry-Perot mounted on a telescope, which makes it possible to obtain data cubes containing kinematic information. Our detailed analysis of the resultant Hα profiles reveals the presence of several layers of ionized gas with different velocities over the surveyed region. We combine the Hα data with multi-wavelength information in order to assign velocity and distance to the H II regions in the probed area and to study the star-formation activity in the Carina arm tangency.
Results. We find that the Carina arm tangency is at l = 282°, and that it spreads from 2 to 6 kpc with a VLSR range of between −20 and +20 km s−1. We deduce an arm width of ∼236 pc. We also probe the star formation on a scale of ∼1 kpc−2, showing that the star-formation activity is intermediate in comparison with the quiescient Solar neighborhood and the most active Galactic central molecular zone. From our analysis of the stellar motions extracted from the Gaia DR3 catalog, we observe that stars around 2.5 kpc are tracing the trailing and the leading sides of the arm, while stars at greater distances more closely trace the inner part of the arm. In parallel, we studied the Hα velocity structure of the H II regions RCW48 and RCW49 in detail, confirming the expansion velocity of ∼20 km s−1 for RCW 49 and the double-shell structure of RCW 48, which is in agreement with a wind interaction with a previous mass-loss episode.
Rheumatologische Labordiagnostik – was, wann warum?
Authors: Schwarz Tobias , Weller-Heinemann Frank , Hinze Claas 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGFür die differenzialdiagnostische Abklärung von Symptomen des muskuloskelettalen Systems kann neben Anamnese, klinischer Untersuchung und bildgebenden Verfahren auch eine gezielte Labordiagnostik wegweisend sein. Aufgrund der Fülle von möglichen Laborparametern sollte die Diagnostik dabei zielgerichtet entsprechend der im Vordergrund stehenden Klinik erfolgen. Da die meisten entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen nicht aufgrund von pathognomonischen Laborwerten diagnostiziert werden, ist es erforderlich, die Sensitivität und Spezifität der jeweiligen Untersuchungen zu berücksichtigen, um eine Verunsicherung von Patienten und Eltern durch als auffällig interpretierte Laborparameter zu vermeiden. So finden sich antinukleäre Antikörper (ANA) bei 10–30 % der gesunden Kinder und stellen keinen Beweis für das Vorliegen von relevanter Autoimmunität dar. Auf der anderen Seite kann der Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen definierte Epitope hochspezifisch für das Vorliegen bestimmter Autoimmunerkrankungen sein. Aber auch für Erkrankungen mit im Vordergrund stehender Aktivierung des angeborenen Immunsystems existieren Parameter für eine gezielte differenzialdiagnostische Abklärung.
Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen in der Diabetologie
Authors: Bretschneider Maxi Pia , Schwarz Peter E.H. 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGStand September 2023 sind bereits 3 Diabetes-DiGAs zugelassen – HelloBetter (Zulassung Dezember 2021), Vitadio (vorläufige Zulassung April 2022) und mebix (vorläufige Zulassung Juli 2023). Des Weiteren gibt es mit Zanadio (Zulassung November 2020) und Oviva Direkt (Zulassung Oktober 2021) 2 Adipositas-DiGAs, welche ebenfalls Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus unterstützen. Viele weitere DiGAs sind in den Startlöchern und werden im Laufe des nächsten halben Jahres das DiGA-Verzeichnis füllen.
Der Mensch im Mittelpunkt der Integrativen Schmerztherapie
Authors: Irnich Dominik 
Published: October 2023

SummaryDieser Beitrag wurde in Gedenken an Dr. Jochen Gleditsch verfasst 1. Neben vielen Verdiensten (siehe Nachruf S. 70) hat er die Schmerztherapie am Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München entscheidend mit beeinflusst. In der studentischen Lehre hat Jochen Gleditsch im Rahmen eines Lehrauftrages an der LMU, Klinik für Anaesthesiologie über 25 Jahre Akupunktur, Naturheilverfahren und ganzheitliche Schmerztherapie gelehrt.Unzählige Studierende und Ärztinnen und Ärzte haben die Besonderheit seines Umganges mit chronischen Schmerzpatient*innen erlebt. Grundsatz ist die Annahme des individuellen Leids und das Mitfühlen auf Augenhöhe und dabei Hoffnung geben und Ressourcen stärken, immer begleitet von einer schnell wirkenden, individuellen Akupunktur.Eine umfassende Darstellung der Verdienste von Dr. Jochen Gleditsch wurde kürzlich publiziert 2
3.
Verletzungsrisiko und die Bedeutung von Laufschuhen
Authors: Brüggemann Gert-Peter 
Published: October 2023

SummaryRund 17 Millionen Menschen in Deutschland betreiben den Laufsport, meist aus gesundheitlichen Gründen. Etwa 50 % aller Läuferinnen und Läufer berichten von mindestens einer laufassoziierten Verletzung im Jahr. Während das Knie die häufigste Verletzung darstellt, melden über 12 % der regelmäßig Laufenden Rückenbeschwerden beim oder durch das Laufen. Rückenschmerzen machen damit ¼ aller Laufverletzungen aus. Laufen ist mit hohen kumulativen Belastungen der lumbalen Wirbelsäule verbunden, wobei die Laufgeschwindigkeit und die Beanspruchungsdauer in Bezug auf die kumulative Gesamtbelastung zentrale Steuerungsgrößen darstellen.Aktuell finden sich 5 konkurrierende Laufschuhtechnologien auf dem Markt. Es wird gezeigt, dass diese unterschiedlichen Laufschuhsohlen die Biomechanik und damit die Belastung der Gelenke der unteren Extremität sowie auch der lumbalen Wirbelsäule beeinflussen. Außerdem kann auf der Basis empirischer und epidemiologischer Befunde demonstriert werden, dass die biomechanisch unterschiedlichen Laufschuhtechnologien das Risiko von Laufverletzungen und auch das von Rückenschmerzen beeinflussen. Das geringste Risiko von Verletzungen des Knies und von laufassoziierten Rückenschmerzen ist der neuen -U-TECH-Technologie zuzuweisen. Ein erhöhtes Risiko von Verletzungen beim Laufen wird bei Verwendung von minimalen Laufschuhen oder sog. Barfußschuhen berichtet. Die Technologie des Laufschuhs hat einen Einfluss auf die Belastung insbesondere der lumbalen Wirbelsäule und kann mit dem Risiko von Rückenschmerzen in Verbindung gebracht werden.
Ganzheitliche Schmerzbehandlung mittels Hydrotherapie
Authors: Gündling Peter W. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryObgleich eine tragende Säule der klassischen Naturheilkunde, spielen hydrotherapeutische Maßnahmen in der ärztlichen Praxis eine eher untergeordnete Rolle. Dennoch bieten sie als nichtmedikamentöse Maßnahme eine wertvolle Option im Rahmen einer ganzheitlich-naturheilkundlichen Therapie, speziell auch bei Schmerzen. Als typische Regulationsverfahren wirken sie ausgleichend auf die Aktivität des vegetativen Nervensystems und tragen so zur Normalisierung des Muskeltonus, des Stoffwechsels und der Durchblutung bei. Damit können sie nicht nur andere analgetische Maßnahmen ergänzen und verstärken, sondern auch die Selbsthilfefähigkeit der betroffenen Patienten wirksam unterstützen.
Politely warning?
Authors: Takebe Amy Ives 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Taking a usage-based approach, this study examines the social meaning of Japanese honorifics when they are used in
call-to-action statements in official disaster warnings on Twitter. This study finds two honorific request constructions,
Verb-te kudasai and o-Verb kudasai, to be dominant directives used in the
data collected for this study. Discourse analysis of the texts found the two honorific request constructions signaling different
levels of severity of the impending threats in accordance with the different degrees of freedom of actions given to the warning
recipients upon complying with the recommended actions. The findings also suggest the use of honorifics helps maintain the warning
sender’s institutional identity as they communicate safety information to the public on behalf of the meteorological agency. This
paper extends the discussion of the multifunctionality of honorifics by highlighting the use of them in digitally mediated
institutional discourse contexts.
Development of self-cleaning superhydrophobic cotton fabric through silica/PDMS composite coating
Authors: Sutar Rajaram S , Shi Bairu , Kanchankoti Susmita S , Ingole Sagar S , Jamadar Wahida S , Sayyad Alsaba J , Khot Priyanka B , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar , Latthe Sanjay S , Liu Shanhu , Bhosale Appasaheb K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The lotus effect informs that self-cleaning superhydrophobic surfaces can be obtained by creating rough surface structures and modifying them with chemicals that have low surface energy. Herein, the composite of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (SNPs) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was deposited on cotton fabric by multiple dip cycles. At optimal condition, the agglomerated SNPs in PDMS produces a hierarchical rough surface, as a result the coated cotton fabric has revealed a water contact angle (WCA) of 158.41 ± 1.58° and 4° of sliding angle. Due to negligible water adhesion to a superhydrophobic surface, coated cotton fabric reveals excellent self-cleaning behavior, which was tested by dust particles, muddy water and tea droplets. Furthermore, coated cotton fabric sustains superhydrophobicity over the mechanical robustness tests including adhesive tape peeling test, sandpaper abrasion test, and ultrasonication. Therefore, such an approach may be applicable in textile industries for self-cleaning purposes.
Cross-dimensional valley excitons from Förster coupling in arbitrarily twisted stacks of monolayer semiconductors
Authors: Li Ci , Yao Wang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In stacks of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers with arbitrary twisting angles, we explore a new class of bright excitons arising from the pronounced Förster coupling, whose dimensionality is tuned by its in-plane momentum. The low energy sector at small momenta is two-dimensional, featuring a Mexican Hat dispersion, while the high energy sector at larger momenta becomes three-dimensional (3D) with sizable group velocity both in-plane and out-of-plane. By choices of the spacer thickness, versatile surface or interface exciton modes localized at designated layers can emerge out of the cross-dimensional bulk dispersion for a topological origin, which can be mapped to the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger soliton. Moreover, step-edges in spacers can be exploited for engineering lateral interfaces to enable interlayer communication of the topological interface exciton. Combined with the polarization selection rule inherited from the monolayer building block, these exotic exciton properties open up new opportunities for multilayer design towards 3D integration of valley exciton optoelectronics.
Crosslinked γ-cyclodextrin metal organic framework for stable ibuprofen loading
Authors: Li Menglu , Shao Yinlin , Tang Shengling , Zhang Le , Yang Minghua , Zhu Tingting , Deng Danfeng , Liang Xiaomei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU) is a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), but its solubility is poor in both aqueous and physiological environments . To improve its oral bioavailability and absorption, IBU is loaded into a material, with cyclodextrin metal–organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) being a promising drug carrier. To overcome the instability of CD-MOFs in humid conditions, a cross-linking agent Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) was introduced, and a novel cross-linked material CL-CD-MOFs was prepared. On this basis, two IBU-loaded materials, CL-CD-MOFs-IBU, were prepared through different reaction sequences. Research shows that CL-CD-MOFs exhibit stability in water and humid environments, whereas CD-MOFs readily dissolve. Furthermore, this material demonstrates higher IBU loading and encapsulation rates, as well as sustained drug release. Cell toxicity studies indicate that CL-CD-MOFs-IBU exhibit good biocompatibility.
Biopolymer-coated composites for enhanced dielectric and electromagnetic interference shielding applications - a green initiative
Authors: Nivedhitha Durgam Muralidharan , Jeyanthi S , Rajamanickam Sathish Kumar , Balajivasan R J , R Harshavardhan , Thiagamani Senthil Muthu Kumar , Hashem Mohamed , Fouad Hassan , Ansari AbuZar , Bhat Irshad Ul Haq 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The utilization of natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites has been tremendously growing in various applications of automotive and aerospace components. In this aspect, the researcher’s community is approaching the global market with new ideas for developing a complete eco-friendly, sustainable, and green composite. Plant-based composites have received great interest from the initial stage due to their unique features, such as lightweight, corrosion resistance, specific properties, excellent mechanical and thermal properties. This research article attempts a novel technique of coating the fibres with polylactic acid (PLA) as a part of surface modification which improves fibre properties. Then the fibres were reinforced with various weight percentages of conductive fillers, such as Copper (Cu), Alumina (Al2O3), and Graphene (Gr), to improve the electrical properties using the hand layup technique. Then the fabricated samples were tested for dielectric and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) using resonance and open shielded method. Based on the test results, it was noted that the dielectric strength (K) and shielding effectiveness (SE) of the composites started to increase with the increase of weight percentage of conductive fillers, which highlighted that by incorporating conductive fillers, the fibres started losing their insulation properties. The composites with 0.9 wt% of nanofillers achieved maximum SEabs of −19.61 dB and a SEtotal of −22.67 dB at a frequency range of 8–12 GHz.
Highland islands: assessing gene flow among populations of an aquatic highland endemic
Authors: Piller Kyle R , Parker Elyse , McMahan Caleb D , Elías Diego J , Matamoros Wilfredo A , Velázquez Velázquez Ernesto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A variety of hierarchical gene flow models have been proposed to explain the distribution of genetic variation in aquatic environments. These models, including the Stream Hierarchy (SH), Death Valley (DV), Headwater (HW), and Widespread Gene flow (WG) models, provide testable hypotheses that focus on the degree of within-basin or within-stream network connectivity and an organism’s dispersal abilities. We tested these models using Tlaloc hildebrandi (Profundulidae, Cyprinodontiformes), a freshwater fish endemic to the highlands of the Grijalva and Usumacinta River basins in southern Mexico. Data from ultraconserved elements (UCEs) showed that although T. hildebrandi was recovered as monophyletic, the sub-basins were not. We generated single nucleotide polymorphisms from the UCEs to analyse the data in a population genetic framework. These results differed between analyses such that two (STRUCTURE analysis) or three (DAPC analysis) genetic groupings were recovered. Overall, the results of this study provide support for the SH model. Some individuals from the Jataté sub-basin, however, conformed to the HW model, due to historical connections among headwater streams and rivers of the Jataté and Amarillo–Chenalhó clades/clusters. The greatest degree of gene flow has occurred from the Grijlava to the Usumacinta basins, two geographically proximate basins that have been hypothesized to have had previous connections.
Effects of early postoperative mobilization following gastrointestinal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Willner Antonie , Teske Christian , Hackert Thilo , Welsch Thilo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Early postoperative mobilization is considered a key element of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols. The aim of this study was to summarize the effect of early postoperative mobilization following gastrointestinal operations on patient recovery, mobility, the morbidity rate and duration of hospital stay.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in December, 2022, using PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Controlled trials reporting the effects of early postoperative mobilization after gastrointestinal surgery were included. The risk of bias was assessed using a modified Downs and Black tool and the Cochrane Collaboration tool for randomized trials. The outcomes of interest were gastrointestinal recovery (defined passage of first flatus or bowel movements), mobility (step count on postoperative day 3), the morbidity rate and duration of hospital stay.

Results
After elimination of duplicates, 3678 records were identified, and 71 full-text articles were screened. Finally, 15 studies (eight RCTs) reporting on 3538 patients were included. Most trials evaluated early postoperative mobilization after different gastrointestinal operations, including upper gastrointestinal (n = 8 studies), hepatopancreatobiliary (n = 10 studies) and colorectal resections (n = 10 studies). The investigated early postoperative mobilization protocols, operative techniques (minimally invasive or open) and outcome parameters were heterogeneous between the studies. Early postoperative mobilization seemed to significantly accelerate clinical gastrointestinal recovery (mean difference, hours: −11.53 (−22.08, −0.97), P = 0.03). However, early postoperative mobilization did not significantly improve the morbidity rate (risk ratio: 0.93 (0.70, 1.23), P = 0.59), postoperative mobility of patients (step count mean difference: 1009 (−803, 2821), P = 0.28) or shorten the duration of hospital stay (mean difference, days: −0.25 (−0.99,0.43), P = 0.47) in randomized trials.

Conclusion
There is a large heterogeneity among the study cohorts, operations and interventions. The available evidence currently does not support specific early postoperative mobilization protocols as an isolated element to further reduce the morbidity rate and duration of hospital stay. Further well-designed trials are required to identify effective early postoperative mobilization protocols.
The evolution of genetic covariance and modularity as a result of multigenerational environmental fluctuation
Authors: do O Isabela , Whitlock Michael C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The genetic covariance between traits can affect the evolution of a population through selection, drift, and migration. Conversely, research has demonstrated the reciprocal effect of evolutionary processes on changing genetic covariances, in part through mutational covariance, correlational selection, and plasticity. In this article, we propose that correlated changes in selective optima over generations can cause the evolution of genetic covariance and the G-matrix in such a way that the population can, in the future, evolve faster. We use individual-based simulations of populations exposed to three types of changing environments that differ in the correlation of the change between selective pressures. Our simulation experiments demonstrate that selection pressures for different traits changing in a correlated pattern over generations can lead to stronger trait correlations compared to the case with independently changing selective optima. Our findings show that correlated selective pressures result in significantly higher genetic trait covariance and that pleiotropy accounts for the majority of the difference in covariance between treatments. We also observe that the mutational variance evolves according to the environment that the populations were exposed to. Moreover, we show that clustered patterns of changes in selection can allow the evolution of genetic modularity. We show that the pattern of change in the selective environment affects the pace at which fitness evolves, with populations experiencing correlated change in optima having on average higher mean fitness than those experiencing uncorrelated environment change.