bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iran’s Foreign Policy in the Post-Soviet Era
Authors: Hunter Shireen T. 
Published: November 2023

A comprehensive exploration of postrevolution Iranian foreign policy analyzes the country's relations with key nations and regions and the impact of both Iran's domestic situation and the developing global system.
Iran's Foreign Policy in the Post-Soviet Era: Resisting the New International Order provides the first truly comprehensive, in-depth survey of Iranian foreign policy, issue by issue and country by country, since the Islamic Revolution. To help readers understand both the what and the why of Iran's role in the world and formulate useful responses to that role, the author provides a detailed analysis of Iranian foreign policy in all its dimensions.
The first part of the book places Iranian actions, particularly its relations with the United States and other key players, within the context of the emerging international system, while also showing how domestic developments impact foreign policy. The second part surveys Iranian relations with specific actors, notably the United States and Russia, and with key regions, including Europe, Central Asia, the Arab world, Latin America, and Africa. Providing an antidote to existing preconceptions, this incisive analysis lays an analytically sound basis for shaping policies toward Iran—policies with potentially high payoff in terms of regional security and stability.
Cinema, Suffering and Psychoanalysis
Authors: Stephenson Laura 
Published: November 2023

Cinema, Suffering and Psychoanalysis explores psychological disorder as common to the human condition using a unique three-angled approach: psychoanalysis recognises the inherent suffering encountered by each subject due to developmental phases; psychology applies specific categorisation to how this suffering manifests; cinema depicts suffering through a combination of video and aural elements.
Functioning as a culturally reflexive medium, the six feature films analysed, including Black Swan (2010) and The Machinist (2004), represent some of the most common psychological disorders and lived experiences of the contemporary era. This book enters unchartered terrain in cinema scholarship by combining clinical psychology’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Five (DSM-V) to organise and diagnose each character, and psychoanalysis to track the origin, mechanism and affect of the psychological disorder within the narrative trajectory of each film. Lacan’s theories on the infantile mirror phase, the Imaginary, and the Symbolic, Žižek’s theories on the Real, the big Other and the Event, and Kristeva’s theories on abjection and melancholia work in combination with the DSM’s classification of symptoms to interpret six contemporary pieces of cinema.
By taking into consideration that origin, mechanism, affect and symptomatology are part of an interconnected group, this book explores psychological disorder as part of the human condition, something which contributes to and informs personal identity. More specifically, this research refutes the notion that psychological disorder and psychological health exist as a binary, instead recognising that what has traditionally been pathologised, may instead be viewed as variations on human identity.
PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS DIFFERENCES AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONG SABAH BUMIPUTERA AND CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS IN TAWAU, SABAH
Authors: Merdeka Marlina binti , Wafa Syed Azizi , Buncha Merlyn Rita anak 
Published: November 2023

This study was carried out to understand the relationship between personality characteristics differences and entrepreneurial intention among Sabah Bumiputera and Chinese entrepreneurs in Tawau, Sabah. In Malaysia, especially the Chinese is known to be very successful in business. They are well-known for their business skills which brought success to most of them and for sustaining their business endeavour. Thus, a study about the factors of personality characteristics such as locus of control, need for achievement, and risk-taking propensity influencing entrepreneurial intention was undertaken. Quantitative method was used in this study. A survey was conducted by distributing questionnaire to 375 Sabah Bumiputera and Chinese entrepreneurs within the town of Tawau. The data collected were analyzed using correlation and t-test analysis. The subsequent results showed that there was high entrepreneurial intention among Sabah Bumiputera and Chinese entrepreneurs in Tawau. In addition, there were personality characteristics differences such as locus of control, need for achievement and risk-taking propensity on entrepreneurial intention among Sabah Bumiputera and Chinese entrepreneurs in Tawau.
Keywords: personality traits, internal locus of control, need for achievement, entrepreneurial intention, Sabah Bumiputera, Chinese
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF EDUCATION EXPENDITURE, HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN MALAYSIA
Authors: SING YUN WONG , YUSOFF REMALI 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
This paper aims to empirically analyze the relationship between the education expenditure, health care expenditure and economic growth in Malaysia over the period of 1980 to 2012. The main interest of this study will be to review and address the mixed results presented by past researches regarding the relationship between education and health care expenditure towards economic growth. The relationship between the variables will be empirically examined for both the short-run and long-run by employing the Johansen Co-integration Technique and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The existence of a long run relationship between public education spending, health care expenditure and economic growth was well indicated. It was therefore ascertained that the public spending on education and healthcare sectors are very much a long-run phenomenon as it only generates a return over an extended period of time.
REVISITING LONG-RUN DYNAMICS OF THE DETERMINANTS OF PUBLIC EDUCATION EXPENDITURE IN MALAYSIA
Authors: SING YUN WONG , YUSOFF REMALI 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
This main purpose of this paper is to revisit the long run dynamics on Malaysiaâ€™s public education expenditure determinants during the period of 1982 to 2016. This study will also attempt to discuss some of the relevant theories that are able to explain and characterized the pattern of Malaysiaâ€™s public education expenditure. A relatively recent developed estimation technique, ARDL bound testing was employed to estimate the long run relationship between public education expenditure and its determinants. The results based on the ARDL bound testing approach concluded that a stable, long-run co-integrated relationship exists between public education expenditure and its determinants: real gross domestic product (GDP), unemployment rate (UNEM), inflation rate (INF) and working age population (POP2). Furthermore, the result highlighted the relevance and suitability of Keynesian Counter Cyclical theory, Economic-Demography theory and Peacock-Wiseman in explaining the pattern of Malaysiaâ€™s public education expenditure. In addition, bilateral causality was found between public education expenditure and real GDP. Similarly, a two-way causal relationship was also found between tax revenue and public education spending. Finally, this study suggests that policymakers should pay more attention to the economic situations and the demands from society when formulating future policies or allocations.
THE INFLUENCE OF TOURIST MOTIVATION AND CULTURAL HERITAGE ATTRIBUTES ON TOURIST SATISFACTION OF HOMESTAY PROGRAMME
Authors: Yusof Sofinah , Harun Amran , Syed Khalid Wafa Syed Azizi Wafa , Kaur Kler Balvinder , Majidab Mohd Rizwan Abd 
Published: November 2023

Tourist satisfaction is significantly important especially in theÂ context of HomestayÂ Programme. This study seeks to understand the influence of tourist motivation and cultural heritage attributes factors towards tourist satisfaction. In this study, tourist motivation is a multidimensional variable comprised of novelty seeking, social, mastery/competence and intellectual. Whilst cultural and heritage is conceptualized to have four attributes namely general tour attraction, culture attraction, recreational experience and local services. Local and foreign visitors who had participated in Homestay Programme in Labuan, East Malaysia were interviewed for the study. The Homestay Programme in Labuan was selected due to the fact that visitors had been gradually decreasing since 2008. Thus it was proposed that tourist satisfaction with the programme in the area be examined. The studyâ€™s results demonstrated that within tourist motivation, only intellectual attribute was found to have a significant relationship with tourist satisfaction, whereas for cultural heritage, it was found that cultural attractions, experience of recreational and local services have a significant relationship with tourist satisfaction. The findings hold significant implications for the marketing strategies of homestay operators particularly in Labuan, Sabah as how to develop and position their offerings in a competitive tourism industry.Keywords: Tourist motivation, cultural and heritage attributes, visitor satisfaction, homestay programme
PENERAPAN MODEL DISCOVERI LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DAN BUDI PEKERTI DI KELAS X MP 1 SMK NEGERI 1 SIDRAP
Authors: IROKI IROKI 
Published: November 2023

Initial test interest observation data shows that there are still many students in class , supporting capacity and complexity of the school. This can be seen from the interest in the test obtained by students. The average test score obtained by students is: 70 with the lowest variation in scores being: 50 and the highest being: 90 from the total number of students, namely: 14 students. From the background of this problem, the author is interested in applying the Discoveri Learning model in learning Hinduism in class X MP 1 Even Semester 2022/2023 academic year. The research results showed that the average value of learning outcomes (cognitive aspects) of students in cycle I was 76.67, the absorption capacity was 76.67 with a standard deviation of 13.28, with students' classical completeness of 66.67%, the average value of learning achievement (cognitive aspects) students in cycle II was 88.89, absorption capacity was 88.89 with a standard deviation of 9.00 and classical completeness was 94.44%. In terms of quantity, there was an increase in cognitive aspects from cycle I and cycle II, an average of 15.93%, absorption capacity was 15.93%, while learning completeness was 41.65%.
ABSTRAKData observasi minat tes awal menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak Peserta didik kelas X MP 1 Semester genap di SMK Negeri 1 Sidrap yang masih menunjukkan minat yang kurang mengembirakan yakni masih banyak yang mendapatkan nilai di bawah kriteria ketuntasan minimal sebagaimana yang ditetapkan oleh sekolah sebesar 80 dengan mempertimbangkan intake, daya dukung dan kompleksitas yang dimiliki oleh sekolah. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari minat tes yang diperoleh peserta didik. Rata-rata nilai test yang diperoleh peserta didik yaitu: 70 dengan variasi nilai yang terendah yaitu: 50 dan yang tertinggi yaitu : 90 dari jumlah keseluruhan peserta didik yaitu : 14 peserta didik. Dari latar belakang masalah tersebut, maka penulis tertarik untuk menerapkan model Discoveri Learning dalam pembelajaran Agama Hindu di kelas X MP 1 Semester Genap tahun pelajaran 2022/2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar (aspek kognitif) peserta didik pada siklus I sebesar 76,67, daya serap sebesar 76.67 dengan standar deviasi 13.28, dengan ketuntasan klasikal siswa sebesar 66.67%, nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar (aspek kognitif) siswa pada siklus II sebesar 88,89, daya serap 88,89 dengan standar deviasi 9,00 dan ketuntasan klasikalnya sebesar 94.44%. Secara kuantitas terjadi peningkatan aspek kognitif dari siklus I dan siklus II rata-rata sebesar 15.93 %, Daya serap 15.93 % %, sedangkan ketuntasan belajar 41.65 %.
Pembuatan Selulosa Asetat dari Ampas Tebu untuk Diaplikasikan sebagai Bahan Baku Plastik Biodegradable
Authors: Aris Munandar Febri , Yerizam Muhammad , HC Fadarina 
Published: November 2023

Kandungan selulosa pada ampas tebu yang cukup tinggi berpotensi untuk dibuat plastik biodegradable dengan mengkonversinya menjadi turunan selulosa, salah satunya selulosa asetat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan kondisi optimal pada pembuatan selulosa asetat dari ampas tebu dan menguji pengaplikasiannya untuk dibuat plastik biodegradable. Metode pembuatan selulosa asetat dilakukan dengan proses asetilasi menggunakan asam asetat glasial sebagai acetylating agent dan asam fosfat sebagai pelarutnya. Variabel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu variasi waktu asetilasi (15, 30, dan 45 menit) dan jumlah pelarut asam fosfat (60, 80, 100, 120, dan 140 ml). Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan kondisi optimum pembuatan selulosa asetat dengan rendemen, kadar asetil, dan derajat subsitusi tertinggi berturut-turut 39,47%; 39,82%, dan 2,5 pada waktu asetilasi 15 menit dan jumlah pelarut 100 ml. Uji pengaplikasian selulosa asetat untuk dibuat plastik biodegradable mendapatkan hasil kuat tarik 6,86 MPa, elongasi 12%, dan terdegradasi dalam 5 hari.
Pengaruh Pac dan Variasi Tekanan Pada Pemurnian Limbah Cair Tahu Menggunakan Membran Polisulfon Ultrafiltrasi
Authors: Sitohang Arga Romauli , Yuliati Selastia , Hasan Abu 
Published: November 2023

Limbah cair tahu merupakan cairan kental, umumnya emulsi yang dihasilkan dari proses produksi tahu yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan hidup serta dapat menyebabkan penyakit pada manusia. Penelitian mengenai pemurnian limbah cair tahu menggunakan adsorben telah banyak dilakukan, namun metode tersebut memiliki kelemahan yaitu memungkinkan tertinggalnya adsorben di dalam limbah. Penelitian mengenai pemurnian limbah cair tahu secara konvensional pun sudah banyak, namun hasilnya ternyata kandungan pencemar yang terdapat pada limbah tahu masih terlampau tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat membran polisulfon untuk memurnikan limbah cair tahu. Polisulfon adalah polimer hidrofobik dan merupakan salah satu polimer yang dapat digunakan dalam proses ultrafiltrasi. Membran akan dibuat dengan menggunakan pelarut DMAc dan PEG 400. Limbah cair tahu akan dilewatkan melalui membran polisulfon secara ultrafiltrasi. Sebelum melalui membran, limbah cair tahu akan melewati proses koagulasi. Koagulan yang digunakan adalah Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) dengan dosis 2000 ppm. Tekanan operasi akan diatur dengan variasi 0,5 ; 1,0 ; 1,5 ; dan 2,0. Untuk analisa morfologi membran akan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Nilai rejeksi terbaik bagi parameter limbah cair tahu seperti COD, TDS, dan ammonia didapatkan pada tekanan 1,5 bar. Semakin tinggi tekanan operasi membran, maka nilai rejeksi membran akan menurun karena hal ini erat kaitannya dengan deformasi membran.
Capítulo 1. Innovación tecnológica y metamorfosis del newsmaking
Authors: Túñez-López José Miguel , Valarezo-González Karina 
Published: November 2023

La producción de noticias ha evolucionado en las últimas décadas para ajustarse silentemente a los cambios derivados de las innovaciones tecnológicas y el impacto de la inteligencia artificial. La metamorfosis del newsmaking se evidencia en los primeros medios sintéticos que ofrecen productos elaborados íntegramente sin intervención humana en un contexto en el que la verificación está en alza por el aumento de contenidos con apariencia de veracidad generados intencionadamente para el engaño. La Inteligencia Artificial (IA) y la transformación tecnológica permiten nuevos modos de trabajar en la generación de formatos y de contenidos para todo tipo de soporte. Este capítulo es una mirada orientada al periodismo y centrada en los medios audiovisuales públicos para abordar como la aplicación de IA fuerte promueve el uso de máquinas y aplicaciones diseñadas con autonomía para aportar soluciones que aprenden trabajando e impactan sobre las rutinas productivas, los canales y plataformas de comunicación, las herramientas que emplean los periodistas, los contenidos que se transmiten a la sociedad y la relación de los medios con sus fuentes y sus audiencias.
System describing surgical field extension associated with flap reconstruction after resection of a superficial malignant soft tissue tumor
Authors: Sakamoto Akio , Noguchi Takashi , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND
Flap reconstruction after resection of a superficial malignant soft tissue tumor extends the surgical field and is an indicator for potential recurrence sites.
AIM
To describe a grading system for surgical field extension of soft tissue sarcomas.
METHODS
Grading system: CD-grading is a description system consisting of C and D values in the surgical field extension, which are related to the compartmental position of the flap beyond the nearby large joint and deeper extension for the pedicle, respectively. C1/D1 are positive values and C0/D0 are negative. With a known location, 1/0 values can be "p" (proximal), "d" (distal), and "b" (in the tumor bed), and the description method is as follows: flap type, CxDx [x = 0, 1, p, d or b].
RESULTS
Four representative patients with subcutaneous sarcomas who underwent reconstruction using fasciocutaneous flaps are presented. The cases involved a distal upper arm (elbow) synovial sarcoma reconstructed using a pedicled latissimus dorsi (pedicled flap: CpDp); a distal upper arm (elbow) pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma reconstructed using a transpositional flap from the forearm (transpositional flap: CdD0); an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in the buttocks reconstructed using a transpositional flap (transpositional flap: C0D0); and a myxofibrosarcoma in the buttocks reconstructed using a propeller flap from the thigh (pedicled flap: CdDd).
CONCLUSION
The reconstruction method is chosen by the surgeon based on size, location, and other tumor characteristics; however, the final surgical field cannot be determined based on preoperative images alone. CD-grading is a description system consisting of C and D values in the surgical field extension that are related to the compartmental position of the flap beyond the nearby large joint and deeper extension for the pedicle, respectively. The CD-grading system gives a new perspective to the flap reconstruction classification. The CD-grading system also provides important information for follow-up imaging of a possible recurrence.
Autoimmune diabetes from pembrolizumab: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Bhanderi Hardikkumar , Khalid Farhan , Bodla Zubair Hassan , Muhammad Tayyeb , Du Doantrang , Meghal Trishala 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND
Immunotherapy, specifically the use of checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab, has become an important tool in personalized cancer therapy. These inhibitors target proteins on T-cells that regulate the immune response against tumor cells. Pembrolizumab, which targets the programmed cell death 1 receptor on T-cells, has been approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. However, it can also lead to immune-related side effects, including pneumonitis, colitis, thyroid abnormalities, and rare cases of type 1 diabetes.
CASE SUMMARY
The case presented involves an adult patient in 30s with breast cancer who developed hyperglycemia after receiving pembrolizumab treatment. The patient was diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis and further investigations were performed to evaluate for new-onset type 1 diabetes. The patient had a history of hypothyroidism and a family history of breast cancer. Treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis was initiated, and the patient was discharged for close follow-up with an endocrinologist.
CONCLUSION
This literature review highlights the occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis and new-onset type 1 diabetes in patients receiving pembrolizumab treatment for different types of cancer. Overall, the article emphasizes the therapeutic benefits of immunotherapy in cancer treatment, particularly pembrolizumab, while also highlighting the potential side effect of immune-related diabetes that can occur in a small percentage of patients. Here we present a case where pembrolizumab lead to development of diabetes after a few cycles highlighting one of the rare yet a serious toxicity of the drug.
Global Modernism: The Literary Language of the Japanese, Shanghainese, and Taiwanese New Sensationalist Schools
Authors: Yeung Choi-Kit 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
This article investigates the thought on literary language that arose from the circulation of the New Sensationalist School in Japan, Shanghai, and Taiwan. Divided into three sections, it first examines Yokomitsu Riichi’s modernist formal renovation, which was based on a rediscovery of the Chinese ideogram’s physical and visual features. Situating this formal renovation in the literary Sinitic context (Kanbunmyaku 漢文脈) sheds light on Yokomitsu’s ambition to build a modernist nationalist literary language. Second, this article analyzes the characteristics of the multilingual fragments in Liu Na’ou’s works and suggests three possible explanations for his linguistic style. This article also points out that Liu’s linguistic diversity might be criticized for being a kind of comprador literature, which, consciously or not, imported the colonial or orientalist gaze inherent in foreign literary texts. Third, this article focuses on Weng Nao, a Taiwanese New Sensationalist writer working in Japanese, and highlights how his eclecticist writing strategy championed archetypically Taiwanese subjects while allowing the form to parallel those of his Japanese counterparts. In the conclusion, we discuss the hybridity of the literary languages of Yokomitsu, Liu Na’ou, and Weng Nao, and some possible ways to reflect upon written language (bun/wen) in the Sinosphere (Kanjibunkaken/Hanjiwenhuaquan).
Futuro das baterias de carros elétricos
Authors: De Oliveira Bruno Eduardo Nery , Franco Julia Cristina Andrade , Alves Lucas Leal , Souza Matheus dos Santos , De Morais Milene Vona , Da Costa Anderson Figueiredo , Costa Iguatinã de Melo , Murakami Gilberto 
Published: November 2023

Atualmente os meios de transportes considerados mais sustentáveis ao meio ambiente são os carros elétricos, tendo-se tornado a cada dia mais popular mundialmente nos últimos anos, principalmente em países/continentes desenvolvidos, como por exemplo nos Estados Unidas, China e Europa, tendo a expectativa que o mercado de carros elétricos expanda seus volumes de venda e substituir a frota de carros com motor a combustão. Problemas relacionados aos impactos ambientais como efeito estufa, aquecimento global, faz com que haja incentivos governamentais à produção, desenvolvimento tecnológico principalmente em otimização em baterias de lítio faz com que este acelere o crescimento deste mercado. Para que esta substituição de frotas ocorra, é necessário visualizar os impactos principalmente ambientais como o descarte de grande quantidade de baterias de lítio, se a quantidade de matéria-prima atenderá toda a fabricação deles, tendo em vista lítio e cobalto. Como sendo um dos temas em pauta, a ONU desenvolveu as ODS (Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável) como objetivos, além de outros temas, visa também a de redução de dióxido de carbono no meio ambiente até 2 030, os carros elétricos foram adotados como uma das alternativas para chegar a esse objetivo, vale ressaltar a importância da diminuição da emissão, mas também do descarte como dito anteriormente ou até mesmo a reciclagem para o aproveitamento das baterias. Através do contexto levantado foi originalizado este trabalho, o qual tem como intuito de levantar estudos sobre a reciclagem e reutilização das baterias para carros elétricos.