bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of the PermaNet Dual compared to the Interceptor G2 and the PermaNet 3.0 in experimental huts in Siaya County, western Kenya.
Authors: Ogutu Nashon , Agumba Silas , Moshi Vincent , Ouma Collins , Ramaita Edith , Kariuki Lenson , Gimnig John E. , Abong’o Bernard , Ochomo Eric 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr nets have shown significant epidemiological impact over pyrethroid-only and pyrethroid plus piperonal-butoxide (PBO) in Africa. Here we describe a non-inferiority evaluation of PermaNet Dual, a new chlorfenapyr plus deltamethrin net, compared to Interceptor G2, in experimental huts in Siaya, Kenya against free-flying pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus. Mosquitoes were assessed for blood feeding and then monitored for immediate knockdown 1-hour post collection and delayed mortality after 72 hours. Mortality at 72 hours was 37% for the control net, 56% for PermaNet 3.0, 66% for the Interceptor G2 and 68% for the PermaNet Dual. Blood feeding inhibition was highest with PermaNet 3.0 at 49%, and least with PermaNet Dual at 12%. PermaNet Dual and Interceptor G2 had no significant differences in mortality (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.00–1.20) or blood feeding inhibition (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.04–1.33) and the lower confidence bounds were within the non-inferiority margins. PermaNet Dual was non-inferior to the Interceptor G2 and superior to the PermaNet 3.0 nets in causing mortality but inferior to PermaNet 3.0 in blood feeding inhibition of the vectors. PermaNet Dual met the WHO criteria for non-inferiority to Interceptor G2 and may be considered for deployment for public health use against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles vectors of malaria.
Novel meriolin derivatives potently inhibit cell cycle progression and transcription in leukemia and lymphoma cells via inhibition of cyclin- dependent kinases (CDKs)
Authors: Wesselborg Sebastian , Schmitt Laura , Hoppe Julia , Cea-Medina Pablo , Peter-Martin Bruch , Krings Karina S. , Hinxlage Ilka , Drießen Daniel , Peter Christoph , Bhatia Sanil , Dietrich Sascha , Stork Björn , Gohlke Holger , Fritz Gerhard , Müller Thomas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A fundamental aspect of cancer is the dysregulation of cell cycle control, which is associated with selective, aberrant activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK). Consequently, targeting CDKs represents an attractive therapeutical approach for cancer therapy. Pan-CDK inhibitors block the cell cycle and inhibit proliferation, but their major drawback is the lack of selectivity and high toxicity in healthy tissues. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of new bioactive molecules with anticancer properties, such as the compound class of Meriolins. Meriolins are a semisynthetic compound class derived from Meridianins and Variolins with a known CDK inhibitory potential. Here, we analyzed the two novel derivatives Meriolin 16 and Meriolin 36 in comparison to other potent CDK inhibitors and could show that they displayed a high cytotoxic potential in different lymphoma and leukemia cell lines as well as in primary patient-derived lymphoma and leukemia cells. In a kinome screen, we identified that Meriolin 16 and 36 prevalently inhibited most of the CDKs (such as CDK1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20). In drug-to-target modeling studies, we predicted a common binding mode of Meriolin 16 and 36 to the ATP-pocket of CDK2 and an additional flipped binding for Meriolin 36. We could show that cell cycle progression and proliferation were blocked due to the abolished phosphorylation of the main CDK2 target Retinoblastoma protein at Ser612 and Thr821. Moreover, Meriolin 16 prevented the CDK9-mediated phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II at Ser2 which is crucial for transcription initiation. This renders both meriolin derivatives as valuable anticancer drugs as they target three different Achilles' heels of the tumor: (i) inhibition of cell cycle progression and proliferation, (ii) prevention of transcription, and (iii) induction of cell death.
Biomarkers of early-stage Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Authors: Fang Lulu , Huo Shaohu , Ding Zhenyu , Li Wenhong , Li Wenli , Lin Kang , Shen Bing , Wang Linding , Zhu Yulin , shengang Ding 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Early recognition of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and the severity of M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) are difficult to ascertain because early signs of infection are atypical, with no obvious clinical manifestations or imaging characteristics. The inability to diagnosis early-stage MPP delays treatment and increases risks of progression to refractory MPP or severe pneumonia.
Methods
Here, we used a mouse model of MPP to investigate whether levels of S100 proteins or inflammatory factors in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) could be useful biomarkers of M. pneumoniae infection or MPP severity. The contents of S100A8, S100A9, Interleukin (IL)-6, and TNF-α in serum and BALF obtained from M. pneumoniae-infected mice were measure using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Hematoxylin-eosin staining used to judge the severity of MPP showed lung tissue with obvious lesions. TUNEL staining indicated apoptosis in lung tissue of M. pneumoniae-infected mice.
Results
The serum levels of S100A8 in the high-dose group were higher on days 3 and 5 than those in the low-dose group. The serum levels of S100A9 in the infection group were higher on days 1 and 3 than those in the control group. Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the M. pneumoniae-infected groups than those in the control group. S100A8/A9 levels in BALF derived from mice receiving the high dose of M. pneumoniae were significantly higher than those in the control group.The BALF levels of TNF-α in the high-dose group were higher on days 1 and 3 than those in the control group.The levels of IL-6 in the high-dose group were higher than those in the control group and those in the low-dose group. The degree of apoptosis in both high- and low-dose groups was higher than that in the control groups, the degree of apoptosis in the high-dose group was higher on day 3 than that in the low-dose group.
Conclusion
These finding suggest that serum and BALF S100A8/A9 and TNF-α levels may be useful for early diagnosis of MPP and for differentiating MPP severity.
The Association Between Body Fat Composition and Prostate Specific Antigen in Older Adults
Authors: He Yixuan , Sun Qin , Li Jie , Kang Weiming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: The measurement of serum PSA concentrations has been a crucial tool for prostate cancer screening for several decades. Obesity has been shown to affect PSA in various ways. This study aims to examine the relationship between PSA and precise indicators of obesity and fat distribution, including total percent fat (TPF), android percent fat (APF), and gynoid percent fat (GPF).
Methods: This study included 1870 participants with detailed adiposity data and complete PSA concentration data from NHANES 2001-2010. Total PSA mass was calculated using the estimated plasma volume. The cohort was divided into two age groups (40-60 and ≥ 60 years) to investigate age differences. Multivariable linear regression was performed to explore the correlation between factors.
Results：Fat content and distribution (TPF, APF GPF) showed almost no relationship with PSA concentration, regardless of stratification. After stratification for age, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between total PSA mass and TPF, APF, and GPF in the younger group (TPF: β=0.06 p=0.0049; APF: β=0.04 p=0.0186; GPF: β=0.05 p=0.0111), which disappeared in the older group and was replaced by a negative correlation.
Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study based on the 2001-2010 NAHNES population, no association was found between adiposity and distribution with serum PSA concentrations. However, a positive association was found between total PSA mass and adiposity in the 40-60 age group, which was not observed in the ≥ 60 age group. This relationship requires further investigation as no definite explanation has been established.
Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of the Nurses' Quality of Life Scale: A Validation Study in Iran
Authors: Yousefnezhad Mehrdad , Shareinia Habib , Kheirkhah Elahe Lal , Sajjadi Moosa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background The quality of life for nurses can be significantly impacted by various occupational factors that Influence their working conditions and professional performance. The current study aimed to translate and validate the Persian version of the Nurses' Quality of Life Scale.
Material and method In this methodological research, the Nurses' Quality of Life Scale (NQOLS) was utilized to assess the quality of life among 500 employed nurses in hospitals in the cities of Gonabad and Sabzevar. The translation process of the NQOLS followed the model proposed by Wild et al. The content validity of the Persian version of the scale was evaluated using the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Structural validity was assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, while test-retest reliability was determined using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26 and LISREL version 8.8 software.
Results The exploratory factor analysis of the Persian version of NQOLS revealed six factors that accounted for 62.15% of the total variance. The structural validity of the extracted factors was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and ICC for the entire questionnaire were 0.91 and 0.95, respectively.
Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that the Persian version of the NQOLS exhibits sufficient validity and reliability. Therefore, it can be used as an effective tool for measuring and examining the quality of life among nurses in Iran.
Optimizing Anomaly Detection in Smart Grids with Modified FDA and Dilated GRU-based Adaptive Residual RNN
Authors: Scholar Ravinder , (Senior) Vikram Kulkarni Assistant  professor 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into the conventional power grid defines a smart grid, overseeing electrical power distribution, generation, and utilization. Despite its benefits, the smart grid encounters communication challenges due to various abnormalities. Detecting these anomalies is crucial for identifying power outages, energy theft, equipment failure, structural faults, power consumption irregularities, and cyber-attacks. While power systems adeptly handle natural disturbances, discerning cyber-attack-induced anomalies proves complex. This paper introduces an intelligent deep learning approach for smart grid anomaly detection. Initially, data is collected from standard smart meter, weather, and user behavior sources. Optimal weighted feature selection, utilizing the Modified Flow Direction Algorithm (MFDA), precedes inputting selected features into the "Adaptive Residual Recurrent Neural Network with Dilated Gated Recurrent Unit (ARRNN-DGRU)" for anomaly identification. Simulation results affirm the model's superior performance, with a heightened detection rate compared to existing methods, bolstering the smart grid system's robustness.
Polyiodides of amino acids. L-Proline triiodides
Authors: Giester Gerald , Ghazaryan Vahram V. , Zatikyan Ashkhen L. , Petrosyan Aram M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Two new salts of l-proline containing triiodide anions were obtained and investigated: (l-ProH···l-Pro)(I3) (I) and [(l-ProH)3(l-Pro)](I3)3 (II). Both compounds crystallize in the polar monoclinic space group P21. Crystal structure determinations showed that (I) contains a dimeric cation formed by an O-H···O hydrogen bond with an O···O distance of 2.458(4) Å, while (II) features a peculiar tetrameric cation [l-ProH···(l-Pro-H-l-Pro)···l-ProH], where (l-Pro-H-l-Pro) is a pseudocentrosymmetric dimer with a very short hydrogen bond with an O···O distance of 2.427 Å. Infrared spectra of both crystals were registered and interpreted based on their structures. Electronic band structures were determined by quantum chemical calculations. The CASTEP code was used to calculate the band structures, total and partial density of states (TDOS, PDOS). Bandgaps were also measured by the diffuse reflectance method.
Risk factors for healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use: indicators from a national dataset
Authors: Garlasco Jacopo , D’Ambrosio Angelo , Vicentini Costanza , Quattrocolo Francesca , Zotti Carla 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent a major threat in Europe. Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are crucial to lower their occurrence, as well as antimicrobial stewardship to ensure appropriate use of antibiotics. Starting from Italian national data, this study aimed at describing IPC indicators and outcomes related to HAIs and antimicrobial use in Italy, and estimating effects of IPC variables on HAI prevalence and on the proportion of antibiotics without specific reason.
Methods.
Based on data collected for Italy during the ECDC PPS-2 Point Prevalence Survey, descriptive statistics were computed at national and macro-regional level. Causal assumption-informed regression models were then built to estimate the impact of structural determinants, staffing parameters and IPC-related variables on HAI prevalence and percentage of antibiotic prescriptions with no reason detailed on medical records, after adjusting for relevant confounders.
Results.
The Italian frame showed substantial heterogeneity for both outcomes between macro-regions. The percentage of single-bed rooms was the only structural determinant with significant, positive impact on HAI prevalence (OR = 0.91 for every + 5%, p < 0.001), while the prevalence of antimicrobial agents without specified reason was lower in the presence of one more IPC nurse (OR = 0.78, p < 0.001) or one more antibiotic consultant (OR = 0.67, p < 0.001) per 100 beds. Both outcomes were reduced in the presence of routinely filed IPC plans and reports (p < 0.001), HAI prevention measures (p < 0.001) and post-prescription review (p < 0.01).
Conclusions.
Our model confirmed the pivotal role of IPC measures and antimicrobial stewardship in contrasting HAIs and inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions. Post-prescription review appeared to be a valuable indicator of antimicrobial stewardship policies.
Enhancing First-Line TKI Efficacy in PD-L1-Positive EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: The Role of Antiangiogenic Agents
Authors: Jin Xuanhong , Pan Yang , cheng Cheng , Shen Hangchen , Zhai Chongya , Yin Kailai , Zhu Xinyu , Pan Hongming , You Liangkun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: In individuals receiving treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), those exhibiting positive PD-L1 expression might experience reduced progression-free survival (PFS). However, the effects on overall survival (OS) and the determination of efficacious treatment approaches are still not well-defined.
Methods: In our retrospective study, we examined data from 201 NSCLC patients with advanced EGFR mutations, treated at two centers of Shaw Hospital in Zhejiang, China. This analysis covered a period from January 1, 2013, to April 30, 2023.
Results: Patients with PD-L1 positivity exhibited a markedly shorter average PFS (9.2 months compared to 18.0 months, P<0.001) and OS (43.3 months versus 69.1 months, P=0.0011) relative to those without PD-L1 expression. This difference in both PFS and OS remained statistically significant even after adjusting for multiple factors (P<0.001 for PFS and P=0.002 for OS). In the PD-L1-positive cohort, introducing antiangiogenic therapy in the first line of treatment significantly extended both PFS (increasing from 8.6 to 25.7 months, P=0.03) and OS (from 29.7 to 53.5 months, P=0.026). Post-first-line TKI therapy, 39.3% of PD-L1-positive patients and 56.1% of PD-L1-negative patients developed the T790M mutation (P=0.157), with no notable difference in PFS from second-line TKI treatments between the groups (9.3 vs. 14.7 months, P=0.16). Additionally, subsequent immunotherapy markedly prolonged OS in the PD-L1-positive group (from 42 to 68.4 months, P=0.046). However, for PD-L1-negative patients, neither antiangiogenic therapy nor later-line immunotherapy demonstrated significant benefits in PFS or OS.
Conclusion: Individuals exhibiting positive PD-L1 status generally experience reduced PFS and OS. Implementing antiangiogenic treatments or subsequent combined immunotherapy has shown effectiveness in enhancing outcomes for these patients.
Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) at a Tailing Storage Facility and Nearby Community
Authors: Thabethe Nomsa Duduzile , Makonese Tafadzwa , Masekameni Daniel , Brouwer Derk 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Most of the world’s largest gold mines are found in South Africa, contributing mainly to the world’s gold production. Gold mining activities led to the formation of Gold Mine Tailings Storage Facilities (TSF), a potential source of PM2.5 dust emissions impacting air quality and human health. This study selected a TSF in Evander and the eMbalenhle community as the source and receptor, respectively. Many studies have reported ambient daily and seasonal variations of PM2.5. However, the temporal variations of PM2.5 at the source and the receptor are underreported in the literature. The study aimed to analyse the diurnal and seasonal variations of PM2.5 at the TSF and in the community. Ambient PM2.5 concentrations at the two sites were measured for one year (February 2022 to February 2023) using Clarity Node-S low-cost monitors. Meteorological data for the same period were obtained from the South African Air Quality Information System (SAAQIS). The data were analysed using packages in R-Studio. Higher values for PM2.5 concentrations were observed in winter, with lower values recorded in summer and spring. The daily concentration averages at the community site and TSF were 44.5 and 32.2 µg/m3, respectively. The 24-hour averages at the TSF and community site exceeded the PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 40 µg/m3 and the WHO (World Health Organisation) Guideline of 15 µg/m3. Pronounced diurnal variations were observed in the community, displaying a bimodal pattern with peaks in the morning (5 a.m.) and evening (4 p.m.). Higher PM2.5 concentrations were recorded in the community compared to the TSF, indicating other sources of pollution in the receiving environment.
Multimorbidity characteristics in elderly inpatients and their associated factors in complex networks: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Kai , Xu Jiani , Zhang Haibo , Zhu Yongqian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Multimorbidity of chronic diseases has become an increasingly serious public health problem. However, the research on the current situation of multimorbidity in the elderly in Jiangsu, China is relatively lacking.
Methods We surveyed a total of 229,926 inpatients aged above 60 and with two or more chronic diseases in the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021. The Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the association rules of the multimorbidity patternsin old adults.
Results The mean age of these patients was 72.0±8.7 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 1:1.53. These patients during the COVID-19 period(from 2020 to 2021) displayed younger, higher male rate, shorter median length of hospital stay, higher ≥6 multimorbidities rate and lower median cost than those not during the COVID-19 period (from 2015 to 2019). In all of these patients, the top 5 chronic diseases were "Hypertensive diseases(I10-I15)", "Other forms of heart disease(I30-I52)", "Diabetes mellitus(E10-E14)", "lschaemic heart diseases(I20-I25)" and "Cerebrovascular diseases(I60-I69)". The complex networks of multimorbidity showed that Hypertensive diseases had a higher probability of co-occurrence with multiple diseases in all these patients, followed by Diabetes mellitus, Other forms of heart disease, and lschaemic heart diseases(I20-I25).
Conclusion In conclusion, the patterns of multimorbidity among the aged varied by COVID-19. Our results highlighted the importance of control of hypertensive diseases, diabetes, and heart disease in gerontal patients. More efforts to improve the understanding of multimorbidity patterns would help us develop new clinical and family care models.
Unveiling the Role of SLC2A1 and MPST in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma: Diagnostic and Prognostic Insights
Authors: Xi Xiaoyu , Gong Xinxin , Liu Yixi , Cui Boran , Xia Chenchen , Du Jiexian , Qin Shan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) represents the prevailing neoplasm affecting the female reproductive system. The early diagnosis of UCEC is crucial for improving the survival rate of patients. In this study, we study the two specific genes: SLC2A1, which encodes the facilitated glucose transporter, and MPST, which encodes 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase. SLC2A1 and MPST have been identified as important regulators in cancer. Nevertheless, it is still unknown how SLC2A1 and MPST function and operate within endometrial cancer. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential significance of SLC2A1 and MPST in terms of diagnosis and prognosis for UCEC.
Methods
Using data from the TCGA database, we analyzed the levels of expression for SLC2A1 and MPST in 33 various cancer types. Then we created a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network that incorporated SLC2A1, MPST, and relevant genes.Furthermore, we performed KEGG/GO pathway enrichment analysis on these genes. We utilized Spearman correlation analysis to examine the correlation between SLC2A1 and MPST expression and the infiltration of immune cells, as well as the association between immune checkpoint genes and TP53. We analyzed DNA methylation changes in the SLC2A1 and MPST genes and their impact on survival outcomes. We investigated the correlation between SLC2A1 and MPST expression and clinicopathological features of patients with endometrial cancer Additionally, we evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic predictive capabilities of SLC2A1 and MPST.
Results
In the tumor tissues, MPST and SLC2A1 expression levels increased significantly. Our research revealed a noteworthy association between the levels of expression of SLC2A1 and MPST, and the infiltration of immune cells, the presence of immune checkpoint genes, and TP53 in UCEC tissues. Furthermore, there was a remarkable association between the expression levels of SLC2A1 and MPST and the clinical stage, histological type, and histological grade in UCEC tissues. Our analysis using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and diagnostic subject operating characteristics (ROC) curves revealed that both SLC2A1 and MPST exhibit robust diagnostic and prognostic significance.
Conclusions
The study we conducted emphasizes the diagnostic and prognostic potential of SLC2A1 and MPST as biomarkers for UCEC. These findings offer encouraging prospects for targeted therapies.