bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound super-resolution imaging of neonatal cerebral vascular reorganization during neurovascular interventions
Authors: Knieling Ferdinand , Schmarz Simone , Denis Louise , Nedoschill Emmanuel , Buehler Adrian , Danko Vera , Mandelbaum Henriette , Nuñez Francisco Brevis , Dürr Nikola , Schlunz-Hendann Martin , Brassel Friedhelm , Felderhoff-Müser Ursula , Wölfle Joachim , Jüngert Jörg , Dohna-Schwake Christian , Bruns Nora , Regensburger Adrian , Couture Olivier , Reutter Heiko , Hilger Alina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
During the first days of neonatal growth, the central nervous system (CNS) develops self-regulatory mechanisms to ensure constant cerebral perfusion. However, this vascular neogenesis takes place at a microscopic scale that cannot be observed with current clinical imaging techniques. Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) allows us to observe micro-vessels of the order of a few microns at depths of several centimeters. This can be done using conventional clinical ultrasound scanners and contrast sequences (CEUS). In this study, we used ULM to observe the human microvasculature in neonatal patients undergoing treatment for life-threatening malformations forming direct connections between the cerebral arterial and venous systems. We observed that neuroendovascular treatment of neonatal arteriovenous malformations caused remodeling and reorganization of the cerebral vasculature by also activating corticomedullary vascular connections. ULM has thus enabled us to follow microstructural vascular changes in human neonates with high spatio-temporal resolution. ULM may provide a novel clinical translatable tool, particularly including cerebral imaging in very young patients. One-Sentence Summary: Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) reveals vascular reorganization in human neonates after catheter-based treatments.
Exploring the difficulties in forecasting earthquake location with inhomogeneous ionospheric perturbations
Authors: BISWAS SAGARDWEEP , Hayakawa Masashi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Earlier studies have recorded seismic effects in sub-ionospheric Very Low Frequency (VLF) signal, predominantly examining a single VLF propagation path associated with a specific earthquake. This research expands on these findings by taking a more advanced setup. Using Japan's VLF network with eight stations nationwide and a single transmitter signal from JJI (22.2 kHz), our study examines four earthquakes, each with a magnitude over 6, happening near VLF network locations. Chosen earthquakes are Iwaki on July 11, 2014, Aomori prefecture on August 10, 2014, Ogasawara on May 30, 2015, and Makurazaki on November 13, 2015. Three are shallow and close to land, but deliberately included are one deep oceanic quake (Ogasawara) at 664 km depth and one occurring under pre-geomagnetic storm conditions six days before (Makurazaki). We examine nighttime VLF signal distortion during the earthquake events and investigate the presence of atmospheric gravity waves (AGW). This study supports the notion that deep oceanic earthquakes can perturb the ionosphere at considerable distances from their epicenter. Furthermore, we investigate the simultaneous ionospheric impact due to geomagnetic storms and the earthquake. Through the examination of seismic effects preceding the storm occurrence, we finds the likelihood of seismogenic effects that are not contaminated by other factors. The response of the initial seismogenic perturbation varies at different distances from the epicenter. Surprisingly, nearby receivers do not experience early disturbances. This indicates how challenging it is to forecast the location of earthquake.
Streamflow prediction using Long Short-term Memory networks
Authors: Nguyen Nhu Y , Kha Dang Dinh , Ninh Luu Van , Anh Tran Ngoc 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Accurate river streamflow prediction is crucial for hydropower operations, agricultural planning, and effective water resources management. However, forecasting reliable streamflow poses challenges due to the intricate nature of weather patterns and non-linear runoff generation mechanisms. The long short-term memory (LSTM) network has gained prominence for effectively simulating non-linear patterns. Despite its popularity, the performance of LSTM in river flow prediction remains insufficiently understood. This study assesses LSTM's effectiveness and explores how different network structures and hyperparameters impact short-term daily streamflow prediction at Kratie stations, a vital hydrological site in the Vietnam Mekong Delta. Training LSTM on historical streamflow data, we find that the size of the training dataset significantly influences network training, recommending a dataset spanning 2013 to 2022 for optimal results. Incorporating a hidden layer with a non-linear activation function enhances learning efficiency, and adding a fully connected layer slightly improves prediction ability. Careful tuning of parameters such as epochs, dropout, and the number of LSTM units enhances predictive accuracy. The stacked LSTM with sigmoid activation stands out, demonstrating excellent performance with a high Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.95 and a low root relative mean square error (rRMSE) of approximately 0.002%. Moreover, the model excels in forecasting streamflow for 5 to 15 antecedent days, with five days exhibiting particularly high accuracy.
Can zircon constrain glacial processes?
Authors: Seraine Marina , Spencer Christopher , Hincks Thea , Gernon Thomas , Kirkland Christopher , Moghadam Hadi Shafaii , Fazio Gabriella , Puetz Stephen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Zircon grains provide insights into crustal production and loss via erosion throughout Earth’s history. We apply multi-dimensional scaling of U-Pb detrital zircon compilations and demonstrate that these depositional patterns were primarily influenced by the rifting of Rodinia and the assembly of Gondwana supercontinents. We identify two-step changes in a zircon dataset spanning the tenure of these continental aggregations, defined by an increase in δ18O values related to the Sturtian and Marinoan ‘Snowball Earth’ glaciations. Correlation between magmatic and detrital zircon Hf and O isotopes implies a flux of old (radiogenically enriched) sediment multiple times during the Tonian and Cryogenian. εHf/δ18O signature at 690 Ma indicates a major flux of old sediment into magmatic systems, which we interpret as due to deep glacial erosion of continental crust during Cryogenian glaciations, corroborating prior studies. This work provides a new quantitative perspective on orogenic and climatic processes that supply sediments to magmatic systems.
Modal truncation method for continuum structures based on matrix norm: modal perturbation method
Authors: Kang Hou Jun , Yuan Quan , Su Xiaoyang , Guo Tieding , Cong Yunyue 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Modal analysis is a widely applied method to study the vibration phenomenon of continuum structures, but there is no clear method to solve the modal truncation problem at present. In order to determine the contribution of different modes to the whole system, a new mode truncation method based on perturbation theory is proposed in this paper. In the process of discretization, perturbation parameters are introduced into the modes, and the modal number in the continuum structure system is confirmed according to the norm error of stiffness matrix in different degrees of freedom (DOFs) systems. The results show that the DOF identified by the modal perturbation method is related to the perturbation parameters, and the smaller the perturbation parameters are, the fewer modes need to be considered. When the perturbation parameter is large enough, the response of the system can only be accurately explained by truncation to higher-order modes. Finally, the perturbation parameter is fixed to 1, and the modal perturbation is connected with the traditional Galerkin method, which means that the traditional discretization is a special case of the modal perturbation method, and the number of modes can still be determined by the induced norm. This method can significantly reduce the modal truncation error, which is of great significance to the dynamic analysis of engineering applications.
Oxygen content：the key role enabling phase transition during calcination of sodium layered oxides cathode
Authors: Guo Xiaodong , Liu Yihua , Deng Ya-Ping , Wang Dong , Shi Xin-Yu , Wang Ruoyang , Li Haoyu , Li Qian , Wu Zhenguo , Zhong Benhe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Considering the non-stoichiometric feature of sodium layered oxides cathode, oxygen content in the calcination atmosphere would play a key role in the phase evolution, which is still unclear and deserves detailed investigation. In the present study, with the controlled oxygen content via under different atmospheres, structural oxygen release driven by heating was evidenced to be the phase transition trigger, which destroy the initial local Mn-O structure and results in rearranged Mn-O octahedral ordered structure. The varied oxygen content would change the star-up temperature of phase transition. These results can promote the materials phase design by adjusting the release of structural oxygen and provide guideline for the synthesis of layered oxides.
Remediation of cadmium contaminated soil using modified activated carbon fiber combined with electrodynamic remediation technologyZHOU Dao-lin，CHENG Yue, WAN Yu-shan*
Authors: Zhou Daolin , Cheng Yue , Wan YuShan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, modified activated carbon fibers and phytic acid doped polyaniline/activated carbon fiber composites were successfully prepared by modifying activated carbon fibers and compounding polyaniline. The electrokinetic adsorption combined remediation technology was used to study the remediation of cadmium contaminated soil. The results showed that when the electric field intensity was 2 V·cm− 1 and the repair time was 120 hours, 0.1 mol·L− 1 citric acid solution was circularly added to the cathode using electrolyte. The current during the repair process showed periodic fluctuations with the extension of the repair time. The current of adding P-PANI/ACF adsorbent near the cathode region was larger than that of other groups, and cadmium has a higher removal rate.The mean removal rate of Cd (Ⅱ) in soil with a content of 60 mg·kg− 1 reached 76.94%.
A Swedish national register study on the association between dementia, walking ability and survival after a hip fracture
Authors: Linder Philip Daniel Göran Burenstam , Religa Dorota D , Gustavsson Fredrik , Eriksdotter Maria , Hedström Margareta K , Hägg Sara J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
The association between dementia, hip fractures, and subsequent walking ability remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship between hip fractures and the loss of walking ability, as well as mortality, by comparing patients with and without dementia.
Methods:
This was a register study with data obtained from the Swedish Hip Fracture Register and linked to information from other national registers. All adults 60 years or older who suffered a hip fracture in Sweden between 2010 and 2018 were included. A four-month follow-up was conducted using a questionnaire or telephone interview. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the loss of walking ability, and multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze survival after four months while adjusting for conventional factors. The analysis of loss of walking ability was stratified into four groups based on prefracture walking ability: Alone outdoors, Only with company outdoors, Alone indoors, and Only with company indoors.
Results:
The analysis of walking ability included 59,402 cases, of which 17% had dementia. The analysis of survival included 111,353 cases, 22% of which had dementia. Patients with dementia had a significantly higher risk of complete loss of walking ability after four months, with adjusted ORs of 2.34 for Alone outdoors, 1.53 for Only with company outdoors, 1.41 for Alone indoors, and 1.29 for Only with company indoors. Dementia was also associated with a higher four-month mortality risk (adjusted HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.22–1.31).
Conclusions:
The impact of dementia on the risk of complete loss of walking ability after a hip fracture varies widely depending on prefracture walking ability. Patients with dementia with high walking ability prior to the fracture are at most risk when compared to patients without dementia. In addition, dementia is also an independent risk factor for mortality following a hip fracture. These findings have implications for guiding future investigations and equipping clinicians with knowledge regarding the risks their patients may encounter.
Human-Centered Participatory Co-Design with Children and Adults for a Prototype Lifestyle Intervention and Implementation Strategy in a Rural Middle School
Authors: Watkins Janette M. , Greeven Sarah J. , Heeter Kathleen N. , Brunnemer Julia E. , Otile Jacob , Solá Paola A. Fernández , Dutta Sandeep , Hobson James M. , Evanovich Justin M. , Coble Cassandra J. , Werner Nicole E. , Kercher Vanessa M. Martinez , Kercher Kyle A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
PURPOSE: The significance of regular physical activity (PA) in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is widely acknowledged. However, children in rural areas encounter specific barriers to PA compared to their urban counterparts. This study employs human-centered participatory co-design, involving community stakeholders in developing a multi-level PA intervention named Hoosier Sport. The primary hypothesis is the co-design sessions leading to the development of a testable intervention protocol.
METHODS: Two co-design teams, each consisting of six children and six adults, were formed using human-centered participatory co-design facilitated by research faculty and graduate students. The process involved five co-design sessions addressing problem identification, solution generation, solution evaluation, operationalization, and prototype evaluation. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes and intervention components.
RESULTS: Child co-designers (n = 9) ranged from 6th to 8th grade, averaging 12.6 years (SD = 1.8), while adult co-designers (n = 12) averaged 43.3 years (SD = 8.08). Thematic analysis revealed children emphasizing autonomy, the freedom to choose physical and non-physical activities, and the importance of building peer relationships during PA. Adult interviews echoed the importance of autonomy and choice in activities, with a focus on relatedness through positive role modeling.
CONCLUSION: The prototype intervention and implementation strategies developed constitute a testable intervention aligned with Phase 1 of the ORBIT model. This testable prototype lays the groundwork for a collaborative campus-community partnership between the university and the local community, ensuring mutual benefits and sustainable impact.
Study on full-scale pores characterization and heterogeneity of coal based on low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance experiments
Authors: Lu Fangchao , Zhang Xuebo , Jia Bing , Wang Yifang , Peng Rongfu , Liu Chiyuan , Lin Pan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The characteristics and heterogeneity of pores in coal are of great significance for understanding the production mechanism of coalbed methane. The paper used low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance experiments to study the characteristics of full-scale pores development with different metamorphic coals (0.58%≤R0,max≤3.44%), and the heterogeneity of pores was analyzed by fractal theory. The results showed that pores with different sizes in low-rank coal were well developed, and the connectivity of these pores was favorable. The proportion of micropores in middle-rank coal was 73.56%, and the connectivity between transitional pores, mesopores, and macropores was poor. And the proportion of micropores in high-rank coal was 92.74%, and a mount of these pores were closed or semi-closed, the connectivity between micropores and transitional pores was terrible. As the metamorphism degree increased, the total porosity grew gradually, while the effective porosity and permeability decreased. The heterogeneity of pores was controlled by coal metamorphic, characteristics of pore structure, pore size distribution, and connectivity. Affected by coalification, the DL1 (characterizes the roughness of adsorption pores surface, which ranges from 2.13 to 2.45) and DL2 (characterizes the complexity of adsorption pores structure, which ranges from 2.56 to 2.77) fell firstly and then rose, while the DN (characterizes the heterogeneity of seepage pores, which ranges from 2.92 to 2.95) improved constantly. The adsorption pores surface roughness and structure complexity gained with the raised of specific surface area and pore volume, so the DL1 and DL2 showed the power-law growth. The uniformity of pore structure enhanced with the increase of seepage pores proportion, and the DN decreased linearly. When the volume of seepage pores was determined, the complexity of the pore structure was weakened by pores connectivity, thus the DN reduced gradually. The results can provide theoretical support for predicting coalbed methane recoverability and improving coalbed methane production efficiency.
Reduced actual vapor pressure exerts a significant influence on maize yield through vapor pressure deficit amid climate warming
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhao Yanxia , Sun Qing , Chen Sining , Sun Shao , Liu Li 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Understanding the impact of climate warming on crop yield and its associated mechanisms is paramount for ensuring food security. Here, we conduct a thorough analysis of the impact of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on maize yield, leveraging a rich dataset comprising temporal and spatial observations spanning 40 years across 31 maize-growing locations in Northeast and North China, each characterized by unique climate conditions. Our investigation extends to the influencing meteorological factors that drive changes in VPD during the maize growing phase. Regression analysis reveals a linear negative relationship between VPD and maize yield, demonstrating diverse spatiotemporal characteristics. Spatially, maize yield exhibits higher sensitivity to VPD in Northeast China (NEC), despite the higher VPD levels in North China Plain (NCP). The opposite patterns reveal that high VPD not invariably lead to detrimental yield impacts. Temporal analysis sheds light on an upward trend in VPD, with values of 0.05 and 0.02 kPa/10yr, accompanied by significant abrupt changes around 1996 in NEC and 2006 in NCP, respectively. These temporal shifts contribute to the heightened sensitivity of maize yield in both regions. Importantly, we emphasize the need to pay closer attention to the substantial the impact of actual vapor pressure on abrupt VPD changes during the maize growing phase, particularly in the context of ongoing climate warming.
On the operational similarities of bladed rotor vibrations with casing contacts
Authors: Thiery Florian , Chandran Praneeth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Rotor-to-stator rubbing in rotating machinery, resulting from tight clearances, introduces complex dynamics that can potentially leading to high vibrations and machine failure. Initially, the emphasis was placed on models addressing cylinder-to-cylinder rubbing; however, recent attention has shifted towards examining blade-tip contact in turbines, that exerts a substantial influence on the systems dynamics and efficiency. This study investigates the impact of blade number variation on bladed rotor systems, emphasizing on the types of motion that occur as function of the operational speed. A bladed rotor model is proposed, incorporating a Jeffcott rotor with blades represented as damped elastic pendulums. The equations of motion are derived and numerical simulations are performed to explore the system's behaviour with varying blade numbers (3, 5, 7, and 10) and to analyse bifurcation diagrams and contact forces. Results reveal distinct regions: periodic motion (I and III) and chaotic motion (II and IV), with chaotic regions occurring at specific fractions of the natural frequency and the number of blades. The study concludes that chaotic motions are associated with larger displacements and higher contact forces, and the vibrational behaviour becomes less hazardous as the number of blades increases. The findings provide insights for turbine design modifications to enhance system reliability and prevent unexpected failures.
Fish-based herbivory and the natural maintenance of algal fouling on coral nurseries used across the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Gillette Gemma M , Camp Emma F. , Edmondson John , Booth David J. , Scott Rachael I. , Suggett David J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In-situ coral nurseries have become widespread across the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) as part of tourism-led stewardship efforts to grow and replant coral at sites of high socio-economic value. Practices are aimed at reducing costs and increasing propagation efficiency. Whilst the role of herbivorous fish in regulating coral-algal competition has been extensively studied on natural reefs, limited research has examined how similar benefits on nurseries could be harnessed to improve coral propagation success. Here, we assess the extent to which fish assemblages on the GBR reduce the growth of biofouling algae on coral nursery frames and improve the survival of Acropora species growing on frames. Cage-exclusion treatments, coupled with grazing plate assays and video fish surveys, were employed to quantify the maintenance effect of fish (>2.5 cm in length) at two reef stewardship sites on Opal Reef in the northern Great Barrier Reef. Exclusion of grazers from frames for 112 days led to a fourfold increase in algal biomass compared to treatments where fish were allowed access. Removal of algae by fish, in turn, led to a mean increase in coral survivorship by >25%, although coral responses to algal composition were species-specific, and Acropora verweyi exhibited greater survivorship than either A. muricata or A. cerealis. Analysis of fish biomass and bite rates revealed nursery fouling maintenance was almost entirely driven by individuals from the parrotfish and surgeonfish families, notably, Scarus globiceps (Globehead parrotfish) and Acanthurus nigricauda (Eye-line surgeonfish). Our results highlight the importance of accounting for the broader ecology of coral reef stewardship practices and detail important early considerations for more effective nursery design, positioning, and coral stocking arrangements.