bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards Precision Ecotoxicology: Leveraging Evolutionary Conservation of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Product Targets to Understand Adverse Outcomes Across Species and Life Stages
Authors: Brooks Bryan W. , van den Berg Sanne , Dreier David A. , LaLone Carlie A. , Owen Stewart F. , Raimondo Sandy , Zhang Xiaowei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Translation of environmental science to the practice aims to protect biodiversity and ecosystem services, and our future ability to do so relies on the development of a precision ecotoxicology approach wherein we leverage the genetics and informatics of species to better understand and manage the risks of global pollution. A little over a decade ago, a workshop focusing on the risks of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment identified a priority research question, “What can be learned about the evolutionary conservation of PPCP targets across species and life stages in the context of potential adverse outcomes and effects?” We review the activities in this area over the past decade, consider prospects of more recent developments, and identify future research needs to develop next-generation approaches for PPCPs and other global chemicals and waste challenges. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:526–536. © 2023 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Social competence with peers and theory of mind among Chinese preschool children
Authors: Hou Xiao‐Hui , Liu Yao , Qin Xia‐Xia , Wang Ling‐Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe current study investigated the link between social competence with peers (SCWP) and theory of mind (ToM) skills among Chinese preschool children. Using a sample of 363 Chinese children aged 3–5 (Mage = 4.54 years, SD = 0.84, 183 boys), this cross‐sectional study demonstrates that children's SCWP, as reported by teachers, was significantly related to their ToM. Notably, this link was found to be significant even after controlling for children's age, sex, sibling presence or absence, parental education level, family possessions, family size and language skills. The current research provides empirical evidence for the association between SCWP and social understanding. Furthermore, beyond links with scores on the false‐belief tests used in most past studies, the current result showed a clear independent link between teachers' ratings of social competence and the total score on a reliable developmentally sequenced ToM scale.
Mediation of the agricultural water rebound effect through climate conditions and types of crop mix
Authors: Chai Ying , Li Lin , Ma Zilong , Zhang Haoran , Pan Su , Zhou Jieqi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe water rebound effect is recognized as an impediment to irrigation efficiency enhancement for saving water. This study foregrounds climate conditions and crop mix as two important contexts influencing the relationship between irrigation efficiency and water use (the water rebound effect). Considering China as our study area for conducting an empirical analysis of this relationship, we used the data envelopment analysis (DEA)–Malmquist method and econometric models to examine their impact on the water rebound effect. The results of the analysis revealed that the water rebound effect in China is 69.1%, with humid conditions being the main factor moderating an increase in it. Whereas cash crop cultivation is associated with water conservation under drought conditions, this is not the case under humid conditions. These findings suggest that given the prioritization of food security, policies to reduce cash crops should be introduced, thereby mediating the water rebound effect.
Exploring the impact of virtual SPIKES training on genetic counselors' confidence to deliver difficult news
Authors: Finley Alexandra K. , Andoni Laila , May Caitlyn A. , Stark Louisa A. , Dent Karin M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDelivering difficult news is a common occurrence in genetic counseling. This is evidenced by widespread instruction among genetic counseling programs. There is a disconnect in the confidence level of being able to deliver difficult news (DDN) following educational training across healthcare disciplines. Other healthcare professions have addressed this issue with simulation‐based training based on the SPIKES protocol, a stepwise process for delivering difficult news. To our knowledge, there is limited research that investigates the impact of simulation‐based training in delivering difficult news for genetic counselors. Our aim was to develop simulation‐based training in how to deliver difficult news for genetic counselors and analyze the extent to which it increased their confidence to deliver difficult news. Board‐certified genetic counselors from all specialties were recruited to participate in a 2‐h training session which included the opportunity to practice delivering difficult news. We collected self‐reported confidence scores in each of the SPIKES steps from 16 genetic counselors pre‐ and post‐intervention. Participants answered open‐ended evaluations about the program's strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in delivering difficult news content. Almost all participants (N = 15) stated that they had gained confidence in delivering difficult news following training completion. Confidence significantly improved in four of seven SPIKES steps. Participants found strengths of the training program to be in their ability to practice with a simulated patient, to reference concrete examples, and to follow the program easily. The results of this study suggest that post‐graduate training in how to deliver difficult news using the SPIKES protocol may strengthen genetic counselors' confidence in performing this important skill.
Evaluation of local guideline introduction on surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis prescribing for open reduction internal fixations at an Australian tertiary hospital
Authors: Hassan Sarah , Chan Vincent , Stevens Julie E. , Stupans Ieva , Gentle Juliette 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines advocate for the use of single‐dose prophylaxis in open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) procedures. The presence of local (institutional) guidelines may assist in the uptake of evidence‐based recommendations.AimTo determine the impact of local guideline introduction on prescribing practice for ORIF procedures at a metropolitan hospital in relation to our previous audit investigating adherence to national guidelines, which found that only 20.4% of ORIF patients received single‐dose prophylaxis.MethodAntibiotic prescribing was audited for patients undergoing ORIF of closed fractures from July–December 2021 at a metropolitan, tertiary hospital following guideline introduction in April 2021. Data on perioperative prescribing regimens were collected, with results compared to recommendations in local guidelines. Descriptive statistics, chi‐squared test, and Fisher's exact test were used to report categorical variables. Ethics approval was granted by Northern Health Office of Research, Ethics, and Governance (Reference no: NLR 72459) and registered with the RMIT University College Human Ethics Advisory Network (Reference no: RM 24642).ResultsData were collected for 165 patients. Almost all patients (93.5%) received cefazolin preoperatively as per guidelines. Only 22.6% of patients received single‐dose prophylaxis as per local guideline recommendations, with overall adherence to guidelines only 16.4%.ConclusionLittle change was observed in the proportion of patients who received single‐dose prophylaxis as compared to our previous audit. There is a need to understand why guidelines are not adhered to despite the availability of national and local guidelines. An evaluation of local barriers may assist with informing future implementation strategies.
Biomarkers for intervertebral disc and associated back pain: From diagnosis to disease prognosis and personalized treatment
Authors: Leite Pereira Catarina , Grad Sibylle , Gonçalves Raquel M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBiomarkers are commonly recognized as objective indicators of a medical state or clinical outcome and have been widely used as clinical and diagnostic tools and surrogate endpoints in many pathological conditions. In the context of intervertebral disc (IVD) and associated back pain, also known as degenerative disc disease (DDD), the use of biomarkers has been poorly explored. DDD is currently diagnosed using imaging techniques and subjective pain scales, limiting an objective association between DDD and pain levels, as well as an evaluation of disease progression. There is a need for objective and reliable measurements for DDD, pain and pathology progression. DDD predictors could also help clinicians in deciding on the optimal treatment for distinct patient groups. This review addresses the current candidate biomarkers in DDD, including imaging, genetic, metabolite and protein‐based parameters, both at the tissue and systemic levels, that may become a major advance in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease, as well as in the management of therapeutic approaches to DDD.
Supercontinuum Generation in Dispersion Engineered Highly Doped Silica Glass Waveguides
Authors: Li Guangkuo , Li Yuhua , Ye Feng , Li Qian , Wang Shao Hao , Wetzel Benjamin , Davidson Roy , Little Brent E. , Chu Sai Tak 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe effect of a lower index oxide layer inclusion within a highly doped silica glass slot waveguide is investigated for optimized supercontinuum generation at telecom wavelengths. By controlling the thickness of the oxide slot, it is demonstrated that one can engineer the waveguide dispersion profile in order to obtain supercontinua with vastly different spectral broadening dynamics and bandwidths. Using this approach, a waveguide with a low and flat dispersion profile of less than 43 across a wavelength range spanning over 1000 nm is designed and fabricated. It is shown that, when pumped at the telecom C‐band, a supercontinuum that spans over 1.5 octaves can be generated from 817 to 2183 nm. The numerical simulations, whose parameters are derived from the measured waveguide dimension and material indices, exhibit good agreement with experimental measurements, where one can observe both a qualitative and quantitative match in the supercontinuum overall spectrum and specific features (e.g., soliton and dispersive wave locations). This study represents an important step forward in the control and manipulation of dispersive and nonlinear dynamics in highly doped silica glass waveguides, paving the way toward advanced on‐chip broadband light manipulation.
Polymer Mechanochemistry of Component Parts for Artificial Molecular Machines
Authors: Imato Keiichi , Ooyama Yousuke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA huge variety of synthetic molecular machines and their components are developed, and their actuation at the molecular level is demonstrated and used in microscopic molecular systems and macroscopic materials. Not only the actuation but also their mechanical responses are critical to the applications. In other words, a molecular machine or a machine part insensitive to mechanical forces can produce mechanical work by another external stimulus even under mechanical loading as an actuator, whereas that sensitive to mechanical forces can be controlled to generate motions by mechanical forces as a mechanophore. To explore the mechanical response empirically, a molecular machine or a part of it has to be chemically incorporated in a polymer chain, through which elongational forces can be applied to the embedded molecule. Here, the mechanochemistry of component parts is reviewed for artificial molecular machines represented by photoswitches and mechanically interlocked architectures using polymer mechanochemistry.
Association of family sequence similarity gene 13A gene polymorphism and interstitial lung disease susceptibility: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hu Yinan , Li Zhen , Ren Yanhong , Dai Huaping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmong present reports, the T/G allelic variation at the rs2609255 locus of the family sequence similarity gene 13A (FAM13A) was considerable associated with susceptibility to interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). In this study, we summarized relevant studies and applied a meta‐analysis to explore whether the polymorphism of rs2609255 site of the FAM13A gene can be utilized to predict susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients or rheumatoid arthritis‐associated interstitial lung disease (RA‐ILD) or silicosis patients in different populations for the first time.MethodsWe compared the frequency of G allele on rs2609255 site of FAM13A between the control subjects and IPF or RA‐ILD or silicosis patients from different races by using meta‐analysis. Nine studies were involved in this meta‐analysis, including five IPF studies, two RA‐ILD studies, and two silicosis studies, and containing 14 subgroups. We conducted separate meta‐analyses for different races.ResultsIn all individuals, a substantial link between the G allele of the FAM13A rs2609255 polymorphism and IPF (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.33–1.63, p < 0.00001) was indicated. After dividing by ethnicity, the G allele was illustrated to be considerable correlation with IPF in Asian (OR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.81–3.81, p < 0.00001) and with RA‐ILD individuals (OR: 3.27, 95% CI: 1.26–8.49, p = 0.01). Conversely, there was no correlation with the G allele and IPF in European individuals (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.89–1.83, p = 0.13) or silicosis in Chinese individuals (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.99–1.46, p = 0.07).ConclusionThis is the first meta‐analysis that provides evidence that the rs2609255 of FAM13A might increase susceptibility to RA‐ILD, and IPF especially in Asian but not in European individuals, and not be correlated with silicosis in Chinese individuals, which indicated the differences in susceptibility to disease by race were noteworthy.
Investment strategies of information‐provision technology in the platform‐based supply chain
Authors: Tian Xu , Wang Mingzheng , Xu Yang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOn retailing platforms, several information‐provision technologies are adopted to gain profit, such as production video ads service, live streaming service, and virtual reality/augmented reality tech. In this article, we focus on the investment strategies of information‐provision tech and its impact on the platform‐based supply chain. To this end, we develop a general model under which the platform invests in information‐provision tech for homogenous sellers and consumers search for products on the platform. Our results show that the platform should adopt a higher investment level in information‐provision tech for the products with the unit search cost or products' information uncertainty degree being medium. Also, a more competitive environment can lead to a lower platform's investment level in information‐provision tech when the number of browsing products is sufficiently large. Interestingly, we find that for a large unit search cost or small uncertainty degree of products' information, investing in information‐provision tech can benefit the platform's and sellers' profit. In addition, if the number of browsing products is large, investing in information‐provision tech can increase the consumer surplus and social welfare. Lastly, our results hold for a broad class of distributions of products' information uncertainty value and other practical cases. Our studies can help the platform to understand the roles of information‐provision tech and provide some practical management insights.
Telemedicine in Otolaryngology in the Context of the End of the COVID‐19 Public Health Emergency
Authors: Lorenz F. Jeffrey , Heikel Tiffany , Tucker Jacqueline , Lin Andrea , Gniady John P. , Goldenberg David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAt the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the US Department of Health and Human Services implemented a range of flexibilities to expedite the adoption of telehealth. As our specialty moved past the height of the pandemic and the use of telehealth transitioned from a necessity to a convenience, numerous health care providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, speech‐language pathologists, and audiologists) recognized its benefits and continued to offer these services. In May 2023, the current administration terminated the COVID‐19 public health emergency declaration, with some telehealth guidelines in effect until December 31, 2023, and others extended through December 31, 2024. Amidst the changing telehealth landscape, the objective of this commentary is to explain policy implications on Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery and provide insight into how to best implement telehealth under these new guidelines.
Application of the Barany Society's Presbyvestibulopathy Criteria in Older Adults With Chronic Dizziness
Authors: Hong Joon‐Pyo , Kim Min‐Beom 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the older adults with chronic dizziness using the Barany Society's presbyvestibulopathy (PVP) diagnostic criteria and to assess the clinical usability of the criteria.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingSingle tertiary medical center.MethodsAmong a total of 1964 patients aged 60 years or older, 55 patients who had symptoms suitable for the PVP criteria and who underwent all 3 vestibular function tests were analyzed. Of these 55 patients, 13 patients were diagnosed with PVP based on the peripheral vestibular hypofunction criteria; the remaining 42 patients were categorized as patients without PVP.ResultsIn both patients with PVP and patients without PVP, postural imbalance or unsteadiness was the most frequently reported vestibular symptom. The rotatory chair test contributed the most to the quantitative diagnosis of PVP (6 of 13), followed by the caloric response test (3 of 13) and video head impulse test (vHIT; 2 of 13). When we included the presence of catch‐up saccades in addition to the vHIT gain in the diagnostic criteria, 5 patients without PVP were additionally diagnosed with PVP. Furthermore, when accounting for the inclusion of catch‐up saccades, patients who experienced recurrent falls demonstrated a significantly higher rate of impairments in the lateral and posterior semicircular canals according to the multivariate analysis.ConclusionConsidering the catch‐up saccades in addition to vHIT gain seemed to contribute to the diagnosis of PVP and prediction of recurrent fall risks in older adults. Further studies are needed to solidify the diagnostic criteria for PVP.
Plasma for nitrogen fixation by using N2/O2 mixture: Reaction pathway, energy flow, and plasma reactor
Authors: Liu JiaLin , Nie LanLan , Liu DaWei , Lu XinPei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhen N2/O2 mixture is used for nitrogen fixation (NF), researchers believe that the Zeldovich mechanism is the main pathway for NO formation. However, there is still debate on whether N2 participates in the Zeldovich mechanism through vibrational excitation or electronic excitation of the N2(A) state. This ambiguity has led to uncertainty regarding which type of plasma can achieve higher efficiency. Furthermore, the most significant obstacle to plasma‐assisted NF is the high energy consumption. Gaining a deeper understanding of the energy flow in the discharge process is crucial for improving NF energy efficiency in the future. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of the research on these topics. Finally, various new plasma NF devices reported in recent years will also be discussed.
The nutritional and industrial significance of cottonseeds and genetic techniques in gossypol detoxification
Authors: Ninkuu Vincent , Liu Zhixin , Zhou Yaping , Sun Xuwu 
Published: October 2023

Societal Impact StatementGossypol and its derivatives represent a class of toxic and immunosuppressive compounds that are naturally synthesized in cottonseed. These compounds pose several health hazards to humans and animals, such as heart and lung damage, breathing difficulties, and death in swine. In poultry, gossypol reduces egg production and slows growth. Studies have also shown that gossypol can indirectly harm humans and animals through the food chain. Although several physical and chemical approaches are adopted to reduce gossypol levels in cottonseed before food and feed processing, these techniques are expensive. Therefore, genetically regulating gossypol production in cotton could provide a cheaper alternative.SummaryCotton (Gossypium spp.), the most important fiber crop, is cultivated in over a hundred countries to provide raw materials for the growing textile industry. The seed obtained after delinting cotton is a rich source of protein with a vast potential for oil and feed production. Cottonseed oil production is estimated at 5.08 million metric tons and is expected to generate over 6.56 billion United States Dollars in revenue by 2029. The cake from defatted cottonseed is used as animal feed and food supplements. However, the contamination of gossypol in cottonseed limits its use. Gossypol ingestion impairs weight gain and causes anorexia, respiratory distress, and death under extreme exposure. This review highlights the significance of cottonseed oil and meal; the pharmacological uses and impact of gossypol; the chemistry, toxicity, and bioactivity of gossypol; and the physical and chemical methods used in gossypol removal during feed and food supplement processing. In addition, the biosynthetic pathway of gossypol and attempts to genetically transform some key regulators of this pathway to produce glandless cottonseed or reduce the gossypol levels in the seed are discussed.
Biochemical and genetic biomarkers associated with nicotine dependence in Mexican smokers
Authors: Borrego‐Soto Gissela , Perez‐Paramo Yadira Xitlalli , Hernández‐Cabrera Francisco , Alvarado‐Monroy Fatima Miroslaba , Borrego Gilberto , Robles‐Zamora Alejandro , Lazarus Philip , Rojas‐Martinez Augusto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCigarette smoking remains an important health concern and is still a leading cause of preventable mortality. Nicotine is the substance responsible for sustained tobacco use and dependence. Identification of biomarkers underlying nicotine dependence behavior is important to identify people at risk for this dependence. In the present study, we identified biochemical and genetic biomarkers of nicotine dependence detected by the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTDN) in Mexican smokers. The nicotine metabolites nicotine‐N′‐oxide, trans‐3′‐hydroxycotinine‐glucuronide (3HC‐O‐Gluc), and nicotine‐N‐Gluc (Gluc) were useful to differentiate nicotine‐dependent from non‐dependent subjects (p < .0001) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.7818. Genetic variants in CYP2A6, FMO3, and UGT2B7 (rs2431413, rs28363545, and rs7439326, respectively) were associated with nicotine dependence (p = .03, p = .01, p = .01, respectively). Variations in the enzymatic activity of CYP2A6 were associated with altered nicotine‐N′‐oxide and 3HC‐O‐Gluc levels. Decreased urinary levels of 3HC‐O‐Gluc and increased nicotine‐N′‐oxide were associated with a decrease in the functional activity of CYP2A6. A strong positive correlation was observed between the ratio of urinary 3HC/cotinine, a measure of CYP2A6 activity, and the levels of 3HC‐O‐Gluc (p < .0001, r = .6835), while a strong negative correlation was observed with nicotine‐N′‐oxide (p < .0001, r = .6522) in nicotine‐dependent subjects. No correlations were observed in non‐nicotine‐dependent subjects. These data suggest that particular urinary nicotine metabolites and genetic variants involved in nicotine metabolism are useful to identify subjects with nicotine dependence in the Mexican population.