bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF MYOCARDIAL BRIDGING AGAINST ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN THE CORONARY SYSTEM
Authors: KHAWAJA MSF , SAEED HY , BASHIR M , HASHMI KA 
Published: November 2023

The retrospective study was based on data collected from tertiary care hospitals from May 2022 to November 2022 to evaluate the association between myocardial bridge and obstructive atherosclerosis, which requires treatment with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), in coronary system. Patients diagnosed with or likely to have coronary artery disease, coronary angiography of whom was performed, were included in the study. Of 1000 patients who underwent angiography, 80 (50 males and 30 females) had MB located in the left anterior descending artery (n=72), left circumflex (4), and right coronary artery(4). The occurrence of myocardial bridging in the SOCAD and SOCAD groups was significantly different and significantly lower in SOCAD compared to non-SOCAD groups (P< .0001). There was a significant negative linear correlation between MB and SOCAD (P <.0001). Log OR of MB was -2.135, suggesting the protecting effect of MB against SOCAD. It is concluded that myocardial bridging protects against atherosclerosis in the coronary system.
PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TIMI SCORE IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: ALI Q , ALI L , KHATTAK MSK , SHAHID NA 
Published: November 2023

This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology in tertiary care hospitals during June 2022 and June 2023 to evaluate the power of TIMI risk score in predicting 14-day mortality in patients with NSTEMI presenting in the cardiac center of a local hospital for determining prognostic value to the score in our cohort. The study included 250 patients aged > 18 years presenting with NSTEMI. A proforma was used to collect data, including demographic data, baseline investigations, detailed history, TIMI score at the time of presentation, and patient status after 14 days of hospital stay. All patients followed ACS protocol, and NSTEMI was managed according to current guidelines. Results showed that the predictive value of the TIMI score, AUC, was 0.788 (95% CI: .688-.886), its sensitivity was 77.80%, and its specificity was 68.08%. In subjects with a TIMI score ≥4 (11.2%, n=12/105), the 14-day mortality rate was more significant than those with a TIMI score <4 (3.4%, n=5/145) (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis reveal that TIMI risk and cardiac arrest were independent predictors of 14-day mortality. TIMI risk score is a simple and useful tool for risk stratification in NSTEMI patients. Its use will enable clinicians to adopt precise and strategic interventions for these patients.
Investigating Public Awareness and Attitudes towards People with Bipolar Disorder in Punjab, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hussain Muzamal , Ullah Obaid , Kanwal Nazia , Mohsin Hareem , Hanif Nimra , Zakir Sadia , Manzoor Maleeha , Zahid Laiba 
Published: November 2023

Bipolar Disorder (BP) is a psychiatric disorder that causes severe mood swings. As the leading cause of cognitive impairment, it affects many people worldwide. This study examines public awareness and attitudes towards bipolar disorder BP in Punjab, Pakistan, highlighting a literature gap. Non-professional community views and stigmatization of BP are examined in the specified region of Pakistan. Objective: To understand risk aspects to create a supportive environment for BP patients and informing future awareness and education efforts. Methods: This study used a validated questionnaire that included sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, degree of education, and employment status. The questionnaire was based on general, medical, and social categories. Responses for all sections were either "Agree," "Disagree," or "Do not know." These answers were assessed using computing language 1 = Agree, 0 = Disagree, and 2 = Do not Know. Python was used for data analysis in this study. Results: The study found that despite some awareness, there were significant misconceptions and negative attitudes toward those living with the disorder. Overall, the study states a low level of awareness regarding bipolar disorder among the surveyed population, with only around 48% having high awareness and positive attitudes toward bipolar disorder sufferers. Conclusions: Current research findings significantly affect Pakistan’s mental health policy and education. Improving public understanding and reducing stigma surrounding mental health issues is crucial for ensuring that those with bipolar disorder and other mental health conditions can access the care and support they need.
Quantification of Heavy Metals and Chemical Stressors in Ground Water of Coal Mining Areas and Associated Human Health Risk
Authors: Batool Aima Iram , Idrees Fariha , Khannum Areesha , Naveed Naima Huma , Ur Rehman Muhammad Fayyaz , Akram Aksa , Habib Syed Sikandar , Bibi Hakim 
Published: November 2023

Acid mine drainage is one of the most obvious challenges in coal mining areas that is responsible for deteriorating soil and ground water quality of nearby communities thus posing serious human health risk. Objective: To quantify of heavy metals and chemical stressors in ground water and associated human health risk. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a combination of random sampling and Probability-Proportional-to-Size Sampling was used. Eight different sites were selected for water sample collection, and heavy metals were quantified. The analysis was carried out. Physicochemical properties of water were assessed using a portable photometer. Hematological parameters and antioxidants in the blood of study subjects were also measured. Results: Among the water samples, site S1 had the highest iron concentration at 0.354 ppm, exceeding the US limit of 0.3 ppm, with nickel being the next most abundant metal. Site S8 recorded the highest temperature at 36.4°C, while site S5 had the highest pH in the drinking water. The maximum electrical conductivity was found at S4 with 1387 s/m, and the total dissolved solvent parameter peaked at 1598 ppm in S8. Subjects exposed to acid mine drainage through water consumption displayed significant changes in antioxidant and blood parameters compared to the control group. In the exposed group, catalase (63.47), superoxide dismutase (33.26), and glutathione peroxidase (532.97) levels decreased, while malondialdehyde levels increased to 1.39. Conclusions: The physical and chemical properties of all water resources of mining areas were negatively altered due to heavy metals contamination thus poses a serious threat of oxidative stress in exposed subjects.
Legal Regulation of The Reliability and Quality of Translations of Official Documents and Texts
Authors: Kupriyanova Anastasia , Shkilev Roman , Litwinowa Marina , Vorotilina Tatyana , Tagibov Kazbek Ahmedovich , Shichiyakh Rustem 
Published: November 2023

Objective: Given that law is a subject area associated with the socio-political and cultural specifics of the given country, the translation of documents and texts of official nature poses a challenging task. Among translators, it is considered one of the most difficult types of translation, as the target language must be particularly precise, clear, and reliable to adequately convey the presented information. The goal of the study is to identify problems in legal regulation of the reliability and quality of translation of official documents and texts and to offer recommendations on their elimination.

Methods: The established research goal is achieved through the methods of document analysis and expert survey.

Results: The paper identifies the linguistic problems that arise in the process of translation of legal texts and official documents, existing gaps and shortcomings in legal regulation, and measures to improve the process and quality of the translation of legal texts and official documents.

Conclusion: Gaps and shortcomings in the legal regulation of translations of legal texts and official documents, especially as applied to Russia, include insufficient legal regulation over the notarization of translations of official documents, the lack of certification or special legal status for translators, and legal regulation of disputable situations.
Holistic Integration: The Efforts Legal Protection for Children Challenge of Support Victim
Authors: Musofiana Ida , Hartiwiningsih  , Rustamaji Muhammad 
Published: November 2023

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the shared responsibility of the community, state, and government in ensuring the growth and development of children, especially in the context of challenges posed by the pandemic. The study aims to explore the legal framework and regulations in place to protect the basic rights of children, emphasizing the importance of providing an environment conducive to their future growth and development.

Method: This research adopts a normative juridical approach, focusing on the analysis of legislation and relevant secondary data. The study examines existing laws and regulations pertaining to the protection of children's rights, with a particular orientation toward understanding the legal frameworks established by the government. The method also involves studying regional regulations and academic initiatives such as forming task forces and providing psychologist counseling.

Result: The research reveals that the government, both at the national and regional levels, has implemented laws and regulations to ensure the growth and development of children. These legal frameworks encompass various aspects, including education, social support, and psychological well-being. Additionally, the study identifies the establishment of task forces and counseling programs as proactive measures taken to address the challenges faced by children, especially in the academic field. These initiatives reflect the government's commitment to providing comprehensive support to children, even amidst the disruptions caused by the pandemic.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the study underscores the shared responsibility of the community, state, and government in safeguarding the future of children, particularly in the face of challenges like the pandemic. Through the implementation of laws, regulations, and regional initiatives, efforts are being made to ensure that children's basic rights are protected and that they have access to necessary support systems. The establishment of task forces and counseling programs further emphasizes the commitment to the holistic development of children. However, continuous efforts and adaptability in policies are crucial to addressing evolving challenges and ensuring that children receive the best possible environment for their growth and development.
Clinicopathologic Features of 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Group 3 Breast Carcinoma (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Chromosome 17 Centromere Ratio &lt;2.0 and Average Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Copy Number ≥6.0)
Authors: Wilcock Diane , Sirohi Deepika , Albertson Daniel , Cleary Allison S. , Coleman Joshua F. , Jedrzkiewicz Jolanta , Mahlow Jonathan , Ruano Ana L. , Gulbahce H. Evin 
Published: November 2023

Context.—
The American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists 2018 update of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing guideline includes a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) group with a HER2 to chromosome 17 centromere (CEP17) ratio less than 2.0 and HER2 copy number 6.0 or greater (group 3), which requires integrated review of HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Objective.—
To assess the clinicopathologic features of group 3 patients and determine features associated with HER2-positive status after workup.

Design.—
Cases submitted for HER2 FISH between January 2019 and June 2022 were identified, and relevant clinicopathologic information was obtained.

Results.—
One hundred forty-two HER2 FISH cases (1.6%) were group 3. In 52 cases (36.6%) IHC was negative (0/1+), in 3 (2.8%) IHC was positive (3+), and in 86 (60.6%) IHC was 2+. Annotated IHC 2+ slides were recounted by a second reviewer in targeted areas, where 16 of 86 (18.6%) had a HER2:CEP17 ratio less than 2.0 and a HER2 copy number of 4.0 or greater to less than 6.0 (HER2 negative). After combined IHC/FISH review, 74 of 142 (52.1%) were classified as HER2 positive. HER2 copy number/cell was higher in HER2-positive compared with HER2-negative cases after the workup. The extent and intensity of staining in IHC 2+ cases did not correlate with the level of gene amplification. Twenty percent of HER2-positive patients achieved pathologic complete response.

Conclusions.—
About half of group 3 cases were classified as HER2 positive after additional workup. Pathologic complete response rates in HER2-positive cases were lower than expected for group 1 (HER2:CEP17 ratio ≥2.0; HER2 copy number ≥4.0) patients. IHC-targeted FISH recounts may be redundant and may potentially lead to classification of some patients as HER2 negative, resulting in withholding of targeted therapy.
Quaternary ammonium chitin nanoparticles for antibacterial nanomedicine
Authors:   , Kumpanead Natthakun 
Published: November 2023

This research was purposed to synthesize quaternary ammonium chitin as an antibacterial agent for biomedical applications such as wound dressing, nanomedicine or drug carrier. (Carboxymethyl)trimethyl ammonium chloride (CMA) was selected to modified onto chitin (CT) via acylation resulted in carboxymethyl trimethyl ammonium chitin (CTCMA). CTCMA possessed positive charges to interact with negatively charged bacterial cell membrane, leading to cell death. In order to study the effect of material size and shape to antibacterial activity with an expectation that an increasing in surface area should enlarge positively charged exposure in a consequence of enhancing antibacterial activity, thus, CTCMA nanoparticles and hydrogels were fabricated in this research via ultra-sonication technique and self-assembly. From FTIR spectra, CTCMA exhibited the characteristic peak of ester linkage at 1735 cm-1 shifted from carboxylic ester of CMA at 1726 cm-1 and from 13C-NMR spectra, CTCMA exhibited the chemical shift of CH2- at 66.85 ppm and +NCH3 at 63.85 ppm, indicating the successful acylation. The degree of acylation or degree of substitution was determined as 1.67. Dynamic light scattering technique showed that particle size and surface charged of CTCMA were about 284.8±65.42 nm and 0.61±0.06, respectively. CTCMA was prepared into colloidal nanoparticles dispersed in distilled water and nanoparticles dried on glass slide. Besides, hydrogel was prepared via solvent exchange method. Antibacterial activity of samples was tested against both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) by %reduction under ASTM E2149-10. It was found that CTCMA after fabrication into nanoparticles and hydrogels did not exhibited antibacterial activities. This might due to the hydrolysis of ester linkage during fabrication. Besides, the antibacterial activity of CTCMA nanoparticles dried on glass slide was also evaluated under AATCC100. It was found that CTCMA showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus around 14.62%. Degradation of CTCMA and CT hydrogels were investigated against lysozyme. CTCMA showed faster degradability than unmodified chitin. Explained from X-ray diffractogram of CTCMA, it represented crystallinity index about 68.79% which less than CT that represented about 82.94%. Thus, quaternary ammonium chitin could be applied for antibacterial biomedical applications. But, it has to be fabricated into ready to use applications instantly after synthesis for preserving its antibacterial activity.
Enzymatic and computational analysis of large-ring cyclodextrin production by Corynebacterium glutamicum amylomaltase
Authors:   , Ngawiset Sirikul 
Published: November 2023

Amylomaltase is a well-known glucanotransferase enzyme that can produce large-ring cyclodextrins (LR-CDs) via cyclization reaction. To determine important amino acid residues involved in LR-CDs production of amylomaltase from Corynebacterium glutamicum (CgAM), mutations at CA I and CA II subdomains were introduced by site-directed mutagenesis. P228Y, E231Y, A413F and G417F CgAM mutants were constructed from CgAM recombinant plasmid. The optimum pH and temperature of WT and mutants were around pH 6.0 - 7.5 and 25 - 35°C. The mutations did not affect the pH and temperature stability. In addition, WT and all mutated enzymes have Maltotriose (G3) as the best substrate for disproportionation activity. A413F possessed much lower specific activities of transglycosylation, starch degradation, disproportionation and cyclization activities than the WT enzyme. P228Y, E231Y and G417F exhibited similar specific activities of starch transglycosylation and starch degradation to the wild-type CgAM. P228Y had much lower disproportionation activity than the wild-type enzyme, while E231Y displayed higher disproportionation activity. This suggested that P228 and E231 of CgAM may play an important role in disproportionation. At 12 h, wild-type CgAM gave the principle CD of 27, whilst the principal product of P228Y, E231Y, A413F and G417F were CD36, CD25, CD38, and CD32, respectively. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation showed that Y418, M474, L510, F534, Y23, R458, Q423, T666, Q475, L236, Q421, E231, Q420, N419 and Y235 might interact with LR-CDs.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA YAYASAN PENDIDIKAN AL KAUTSAR BOGOR
Authors: Priadi Andri , Prawiro Sudarso Aden 
Published: November 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada yayasan pendidikan al kautsar bogor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metode kuantitatif, dengann teknik analisis regresi linear sederhana dan berganda. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 66 responden, yaitu seluruh populasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ; 1) Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan variabel Pelatihan (X1) terhadapKinerja Karyawan (Y).karena nilai thitung > ttabel, yaitu 5.895 > 1.664. Nilai probabilitas (signifikansi) = 0.000 yaitu berada di bawah 0.050. Diperoleh angka R (koefisien korelasi) sebesar 0.553. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi hubungan sedang antara Pelatihan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Diperoleh nilai R2 (R Square) sebesar 0.306. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa sebesar 30.6 % Pelatihan memiliki kontibusi pengaruh terhadap terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 69.4 % dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Persamaan regresi linear sederhana Pelatihan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan adalah Y = 21.897 + 0.470 x; 2) Terdapat Hubungan yang positif dan signifikan variabel Komunikasi (X2) terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Y). karena nilai thitung > ttabel, yaitu 5.998 > 1.664. Nilai probabilitas (signifikansi) = 0.000 yaitu berada di bawah 0.050. Diperoleh angka R (koefisien korelasi) sebesar 0.562. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi hubungan sedang antara Komunikasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Diperoleh nilai R2 (R Square) sebesar 0.316. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa sebesar 31.6 % Komunikasi memiliki kontibusi pengaruh terhadap terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 68.4 % dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Persamaan regresi linear sederhana Komunikasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan adalah Y = 22.167 + 0.470x; 3) Terdapat Hubungan yang positif dan signifikan variabel Pelatihan dan Komunikasi (X2) secara bersama-sama terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Y).karena nilai Fhitung > Ftabel, yaitu 29.227 > 3.11. Nilai probabilitas (signifikansi) = 0.000 yaitu berada di bawah 0.050. Diperoleh angka R (koefisien korelasi) sebesar 0.657. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi hubungan yang Kuat antara Pelatihan dan Komunikasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Diperoleh nilai R2 (R Square) sebesar 0.432. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa sebesar 43.2 % Pelatihan dan Komunikasi secara bersama – sama memiliki kontibusi pengaruh terhadap terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 56.8 % dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Persamaan regresi linear berganda Pelatihan dan Komunikasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan adalah Y = 14.248 + 0.323x1 + 0.331x2.
Arbeit in Non-Profit-Organisationen aus arbeitssoziologischer Perspektive
Authors: Vogel Laura , Kittel Bernhard 
Published: November 2023

Arbeitsmarktintegration als Ziel der aktiven Sozialpolitik wird in Österreich seit dem Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts nicht mehr nur von staatlichen Institutionen, sondern auch von Non-Profit-Organisationen (NPO) umgesetzt. Obwohl diese Organisationen nicht gewinnorientiert sind, stehen sie zunehmend unter Druck, ihre Effizienz und Effektivität nach quantifizierbaren Kriterien nachzuweisen. Demgegenüber stehen MitarbeiterInnen, die Beratung, Betreuung und eine Vermittlung ihrer KlientInnen entsprechend ihrer normativen Ansprüche umsetzen möchten. Ziel dieser Studie ist die Untersuchung der daraus resultierenden Spannungsverhältnisse zwischen den normativen Ansprüchen, Idealen oder Motivationen der MitarbeiterInnen und strukturellen Zwängen und Vorgaben. Hierfür wurden neun problemzentrierte Interviews mit MitarbeiterInnen von drei unterschiedlichen NPOs in Wien geführt und diese mittels Themen- und Feinstrukturanalyse ausgewertet. Es zeigt sich, dass die interviewten Personen stark intrinsisch motiviert sind und zugleich unter Druck stehen Effizienzkriterien, wie Vermittlungsquoten, zu erfüllen. Diese inneren Konflikte offenbaren sich insbesondere bei den Beschäftigten, wenn sich vermehrt schwer vermittelbare oder nicht zur definierten Zielgruppe gehörige Personen an die NPOs wenden. Diese Studie legt zudem offen, dass neben dem Spannungsverhältnis die Befristung des Auftrags Arbeitsmarktintegration zu großen Unsicherheiten und emotionalen Belastungen bei den MitarbeiterInnen der NPOs führt.