bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracoronary stenting and angiographic results: Restenosis after direct stenting versus stenting with predilation in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease (ISAR‐DIRECT trial)
Authors: Mehilli Julinda , Kastrati Adnan , Dirschinger Josef , Etzel Lena , Bollwein Hildegard , Pache Jürgen , Schühlen Helmut , von Beckerath Nicolas , Seyfarth Melchior , Schmitt Claus , Schömig Albert 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe objective of this randomized study was to assess whether direct stenting leads to less restenosis than does conventional stenting (CS) with predilation in clinical practice. We included 910 patients who were randomly assigned to undergo either direct stenting (DS; n = 456) or CS (n = 454). No significant difference was observed in the incidence of angiographic restenosis (primary endpoint): 23.6% for DS and 21.0% for CS (P = 0.41; relative risk = 1.1; 95% CI = 0.8–1.5). The incidence of target vessel revascularization was 17.3% among DS and 14.8% among CS patients (P = 0.29; relative risk = 1.2; 95% CI = 0.8–1.6). The combined incidence of death or myocardial infarction at one year was 9.0% in the DS group and 7.0% in the CS group (P = 0.28). In conclusion, direct stenting is not associated with any reduction of thrombotic and restenotic complications as compared to the conventional stenting. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:190–195. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coronary artery pseudoaneurysm after balloon angioplasty and intracoronary β‐radiation for in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Dixon Simon R. , Grines Cindy L. , Safian Robert D. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractIntracoronary brachytherapy is an effective method for treating in‐stent restenosis. We report a case of coronary artery pseudoaneurysm after balloon angioplasty and intracoronary β‐radiation. The pseudoaneurysm was treated successfully with implantation of two coronary stent grafts. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:214–216. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transcatheter occlusion of baffle leaks following atrial switch procedures for transposition of the great vessels (d‐TGV)
Authors: Balzer David T. , Johnson Mark , Sharkey Angela M. , Kort Henry 
Published: January 2004

AbstractBaffle‐related complications following atrial switch procedures for transposition are relatively common. Transcatheter treatment of baffle stenosis has an established role as a therapeutic modality. However, transcatheter device closure of atrial baffles leaks has rarely been reported. We report four patients who underwent device closure of baffle leaks using the Amplatzer septal occluder following atrial switch procedures in order to demonstrate the safety and utility of this method of treatment and to establish its role as a suitable alternative to surgical closure. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:259–263. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ethical issues for invasive cardiologists: Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions
Authors: Cameron Airlie A.C. , Laskey Warren K. , Sheldon William C. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractIn view of the major impact of medical economic forces, rapidly changing technology, and other pressures on invasive cardiologists, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions determined that a statement of the ethical issues confronting the modern invasive cardiologist was needed. The various conflicts presented to the cardiologist in his or her roles as practicing clinician, administrator of the catheterization laboratory, educator, or clinical researcher were reviewed. In all instances, the major concern was determined to be the welfare of the patient no matter how forceful the pressures from various outside force or concerns for personal advancement might be. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:157–162. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spurensuche im Wein: Mit Voltammetrie
Authors: Henze Günter , Bauer Karl‐Heinz 
Published: January 2004

AbstractStripping Voltammetry and Stripping Chronopotentiometry have rarely been used in wine analysis. However, the high sensitivity and selectivity of these techniques, combined with inexpensive instrumentation and the possibility of speciation analysis make them eminently suited for this task. Investigationes in the μg/L‐ and ng/L‐range are possible just as the differentiation between labile and non‐labile or bound metal species.
Von der Verbrennung zum Herzschlag: Chemische Triebkräfte
Authors: Janek Jürgen , Seibert Albert , Hofmann Jan Philipp , Schwertfeger Hartmut 
Published: January 2004

AbstractWas hat eine chemische Verbrennung mit dem Herzschlag zu tun? Diese Frage wird im Rahmen einer physikalisch‐chemischen Experimentalvorlesung beantwortet. Dabei fügen sich scheinbar weit voneinander entfernte Phänomene in ein klar strukturiertes Bild. Es wird deutlich, dass der menschliche Körper aus thermodynamischer Sicht eine biologische „Wärmekraftmaschine”︁ ist, deren Wirkungsgrad höher ist als der Wirkungsgrad mechanischer Wärmekraftmaschinen („Dampfmaschinen”︁).
Ciliary reorientation is evoked by a rise in calcium level over the entire cilium
Authors: Iwadate Yoshiaki , Suzaki Toshinobu 
Published: January 2004

AbstractInternal Ca2+ levels control the pattern of ciliary and flagellar beating in eukaryotes. In ciliates, ciliary reversal is induced by a rise in intra‐ciliary Ca2+, but the mechanism by which Ca2+ induces reversal is not known. We injected the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Calcium Green into a ciliate Didinium nasutum and observed the intra‐ciliary Ca2+ level during the initial reversed stroke preceding spontaneous cyclic reversed beating. In D. nasutum, Ca2+ rose throughout the length of the cilia undergoing initial reversed stroke. Electron microscopy with a combined oxalate‐pyroantimonate method showed Ca2+ deposits distributed throughout the reversed cilia. We injected caged Ca2+ into D. nasutum and irradiated the base or mid region of the cilia with UV to locally increase Ca2+ concentration. Uncaging Ca2+ in the middle of the cilia produced reversal distally, but not proximally to the site of Ca2+ release. These results strongly suggest that not only Ca2+ influx sites, but also Ca2+ binding sites and vectoral bending machineries for ciliary reversal, are distributed throughout the cilium. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 57:197–206, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A subclass of myosin XI is associated with mitochondria, plastids, and the molecular chaperone subunit TCP‐1α in maize
Authors: Wang Zhengyuan , Pesacreta Thomas C. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe role and regulation of specific plant myosins in cyclosis is not well understood. In the present report, an affinity‐purified antibody generated against a conserved tail region of some class XI plant myosin isoforms was used for biochemical and immunofluorescence studies of Zea mays. Myosin XI co‐localized with plastids and mitochondria but not with nuclei, the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, or peroxisomes. This suggests that myosin XI is involved in the motility of specific organelles. Myosin XI was more than 50% co‐localized with tailless complex polypeptide‐1α (TCP‐1α) in tissue sections of mature tissues located more than 1.0 mm from the apex, and the two proteins co‐eluted from gel filtration and ion exchange columns. On Western blots, TCP‐1α isoforms showed a developmental shift from the youngest 5.0 mm of the root to more mature regions that were more than 10.0 mm from the apex. This developmental shift coincided with a higher percentage of myosin XI /TCP‐1α co‐localization, and faster degradation of myosin XI by serine protease. Our results suggest that class XI plant myosin requires TCP‐1α for regulating folding or providing protection against denaturation. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 57:218–232, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microtubules become more dynamic but not shorter during preprophase band formation: A possible “search‐and‐capture” mechanism for microtubule translocation
Authors: Vos Jan W. , Dogterom Marileen , Emons Anne Mie C. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe dynamic behavior of the microtubule cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in cellular organization, but the physical mechanisms underlying microtubule (re)organization in plant cells are poorly understood. We investigated microtubule dynamics in tobacco BY‐2 suspension cells during interphase and during the formation of the preprophase band (PPB), the cytoskeletal structure that defines the site of cytokinesis. Here we show that after 2 h of microtubule accumulation in the PPB and concurrent disappearance elsewhere in the cortex, the PPB is completed and starts to breakdown exponentially already 20 min before the onset of prometaphase. During formation of the PPB, the dynamic instability, i.e., the stochastic alternating between growing and shrinking phases, of the cortical microtubules outside the PPB increases significantly, but the microtubules do not become shorter. Based on this, as well as on the cross‐linking of microtubules in the PPB and the lack of evidence for motor involvement, we propose a “search‐and‐capture” mechanism for PPB formation, in which the regulation of dynamic instability causes the cortical microtubules to become more dynamic and possibly longer, while the microtubule cross‐linking activity of the developing PPB preferentially stabilizes these “searching” microtubules. Thus, microtubules gradually disappear from the cortex outside the PPB and aggregate to the forming PPB. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 57:246–258, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Measurement of barbed ends, actin polymerization, and motility in live carcinoma cells after growth factor stimulation
Authors: Lorenz Mike , DesMarais Vera , Macaluso Frank , Singer Robert H. , Condeelis John 
Published: January 2004

AbstractMotility is associated with the ability to extend F‐actin‐rich protrusions and depends on free barbed ends as new actin polymerization sites. To understand the function and regulation of different proteins involved in the process of generating barbed ends, e.g., cofilin and Arp2/3, fixed cell approaches have been used to determine the relative barbed end concentration in cells. The major disadvantages of these approaches are permeabilization and fixation of cells. In this work, we describe a new live‐cell time‐lapse microscopy assay to determine the increase of barbed ends after cell stimulation that does not use permeabilization and provides a better time resolution. We established a metastatic carcinoma cell line (MTLn3) stably expressing GFP‐β‐actin at physiological levels. Stimulation of MTLn3 cells with epidermal growth factor (EGF) causes rapid and transient lamellipod protrusion along with an increase in actin polymerization at the leading edge, which can be followed in live cell experiments. By measuring the increase of F‐actin at the leading edge vs. time, we were able to determine the relative increase of barbed ends after stimulation with a high temporal resolution. The F‐actin as well as the barbed end concentration agrees well with published data for this cell line. Using this newly developed assay, a decrease in lamellipod extension and a large reduction of barbed ends was documented after microinjecting an anti‐cofilin function blocking antibody. This assay has a high potential for applications where rapid changes in the dynamic filament population are to be measured. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 57:207–217, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The roadblock light chains are ubiquitous components of cytoplasmic dynein that form homo‐ and heterodimers
Authors: Nikulina Karina , Patel‐King Ramila S. , Takebe Sachiko , Pfister K. Kevin , King Stephen M. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe Roadblock/LC7 class of light chains associate with the intermediate chains at the base of the soluble dynein particle. In mammals, there are two Roadblock isoforms (Robl1 and Robl2), one of which (Robl2) is differentially expressed in a tissue‐dependent manner and is especially prominent in testis. Here we define the α helical content of Robl and demonstrate using both the yeast two‐hybrid system and in vitro biochemistry that Robl1 and Robl2 are capable of forming homo‐ and heterodimers. This is the first report of heterodimer formation by any cytoplasmic dynein component, and it further enlarges the number of potential cytoplasmic dynein isoforms available for binding specific cellular cargoes. In addition, we have generated an antibody that specifically recognizes Robl light chains and shows a 5–10 fold preference for Robl2 over Robl1. Using this antibody, we show that Robl is a ubiquitous cytoplasmic dynein component, being found in samples purified from brain, liver, kidney, and testis. Immunofluorescence analysis reveals that Robl is present in punctate organelles in rat neuroblastoma cells. In testis, Robl is found in Leydig cells, spermatocytes, and sperm flagella. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 57:233–245, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conductor geometry and capacitor quality for performance optimization of low‐frequency birdcage coils
Authors: Giovannetti Giulio , Francesconi Raffaello , Landini Luigi , Santarelli Maria Filomena , Positano Vincenzo , Viti Vittorio , Benassi Antonio 
Published: January 2004

AbstractBirdcage coils are used widely in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) applications for their ability to operate in transmit/receive mode with high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and wide field homogeneity. When used at low frequencies, a number of drawbacks arise that drastically reduce their overall performances. In this article we show how the choice of the conductors cross‐geometry and capacitor quality affects the coil overall performance. Several birdcage coils, tuned at 7.66 MHz, were designed and built, using conductors with different shapes and capacitors with different quality factors. Realized coils were tested and characterized by laboratory workbench in order to extract several quality indices. In addition, experiments were done in a real magnetic resonance (MR) scanner to evaluate the field homogeneity. We show that an optimized choice of conductor shape and capacitors allows us to obtain high‐quality birdcage coils tuned at frequencies in the megahertz range. Our results are applicable in several situations as MR imaging (MRI) in low‐field scanners, imaging of nuclear species at intermediate fields, Overhauser systems, and prepolarized NMR. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 20B: 9–16, 2004.
Functional compartmentalization in the flocculus and the ventral dentate and dorsal group y nuclei: An analysis of single olivocerebellar axonal morphology
Authors: Sugihara Izumi , Ebata Shigeto , Shinoda Yoshikazu 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe cerebellar cortex consists of multiple longitudinal bands defined by their olivocerebellar projection. Single olivocerebellar axons project to a narrow longitudinal band in the cerebellar cortex and to the cerebellar nucleus with their axon collaterals. This olivocortical and olivonuclear organization is related to the functional compartmentalization of the cerebellar system. To reveal the detailed morphologic organization in the flocculus and the cerebellar and vestibular nuclei, we examined olivocerebellar projection by reconstructing the entire trajectories of 19 single olivofloccular axons and by anterograde mapping with biotinylated dextran in the rat. The flocculus was composed of 12 longitudinal band‐shaped compartments that subdivided 5 previously described zones. These longitudinal bands were innervated differentially by the caudal and rostral portions of the dorsal cap (DC) and the ventrolateral outgrowth (VLO) and the rostral pole of the medial accessory olive. Single olivofloccular axons with an average of 5.1 climbing fibers usually projected to a single longitudinal band in the flocculus and to the ventral dentate or dorsal group y nucleus with their collaterals. DC neurons projected moderately to the rostrolateral portion of the ventral dentate nucleus, whereas VLO neurons projected densely to the medial portion of the ventral dentate nucleus and the dorsal group y nucleus with rostrocaudal topography. DC and VLO neurons did not project to the vestibular nuclei, although floccular Purkinje cells projected to the vestibular, ventral dentate, and dorsal group y nuclei. The fine morphologically identified longitudinal bands and topographic olivonuclear projections were correlated with previous electrophysiologically defined functional zones in the flocculus and inferior olive. J. Comp. Neurol. 470:113–133, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolutionary changes in the olfactory projection neuron pathways of eumalacostracan crustaceans
Authors: Sullivan Jeremy M. , Beltz Barbara S. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractOutput from the olfactory lobe (primary olfactory center) of eumalacostracan crustaceans is transmitted to the medulla terminalis (MT) and hemiellipsoid body (HB) in the lateral protocerebrum (higher order center) by a large population of projection neurons. In eureptantian crustaceans (lobsters, crayfish, and crabs), these projection neurons also form the output pathway from an additional neuropil, the accessory lobe (higher order center), which appears to have arisen de novo in these animals. In a previous study of lobsters and crayfish we showed that whereas projection neurons innervating the olfactory lobe project primarily to the MT, those innervating the accessory lobe project exclusively to the HB (Sullivan and Beltz [ 2001a] J. Comp. Neurol. 441:9–22). In the present study, we used focal dye injections to examine the olfactory projection neuron pathways of representatives of four eumalacostracan taxa (Stomatopoda, Dendrobranchiata, Caridea, and Stenopodidea) that diverged from the eureptantian line prior to the appearance of the accessory lobe. These experiments were undertaken both to examine the evolution of the olfactory pathway in the Eumalacostraca and to provide insights into the changes in this pathway that accompanied the appearance of the accessory lobe. The innervation patterns of the olfactory projection neurons of the species examined were found to differ markedly, varying from that observed in the most basal taxon examined (Stomatopoda), in which the neurons primarily project to the MT, to those observed in the two highest taxa examined (Caridea and Stenopodidea), in which they primarily target the HB. These results suggest that substantial changes in the relative importance of the MT and HB within the olfactory pathway have occurred during the evolution of the Eumalacostraca. J. Comp. Neurol. 470:25–38, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sema3A regulates the timing of target contact by cranial sensory axons
Authors: Dillon Thomas E. , Saldanha Jason , Giger Roman , Verhaagen Joost , Rochlin M. William 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe trigeminal ganglion provides the somatosensory innervation for the anterior rat tongue. At early embryonic stages (embryonic day [E] 12–13) pre‐tongue explants repel trigeminal axon outgrowth, and this is mediated by Sema3A (Rochlin and Farbman [1998] J. Neurosci. 18:6840–6852; Rochlin et al. [2000] J. Comp. Neurol. 422:579–593). Despite a decrease in repulsion by E14 and older tongue explants, Sema3A mRNA persists throughout the dorsal epithelium through E18, after axons have begun to penetrate papilla epithelium. We investigated the hypothesis that Sema3A continues to act as a repellent and that subpopulations of trigeminal axons that penetrate the epithelium become unresponsive to Sema3A. Sema3A repelled trigeminal axons in vitro regardless of the neurotrophic factor used to stimulate axon outgrowth, but the minimum level of Sema3A required to repel depended on the neurotrophic factor. Thus, in vitro, trigeminal axons are repelled by Sema3A when they would be penetrating the Sema3A‐mRNA rich epithelium in vivo. Whereas dorsal epithelium on tongue explants dissected at stages preceding target contact (E15) repelled trigeminal axons in vitro, explants dissected at later stages (E18), after axons would have penetrated the epithelium in vivo, were not repellent. To determine whether Sema3A prevents premature target penetration in vivo, we assessed the timing of target contact by sensory axons in Sema3A−/minus; and +/+ mice. Contact of the epithelium occurs prematurely in Sema3A−/minus; mice, but not penetration. Taken together, our data imply that Sema3A acts as a short‐range repellent that regulates the timing of target contact by trigeminal axons. J. Comp. Neurol. 470:13–24, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary afferent terminal sprouting after a cervical dorsal rootlet section in the macaque monkey
Authors: Darian‐Smith Corinna 
Published: January 2004

AbstractWe examined the role of primary afferent neurons in the somatosensory cortical “reactivation” that occurs after a localized cervical dorsal root lesion (Darian‐Smith and Brown [2000] Nat. Neurosci. 3:476–481). After section of the dorsal rootlets that enervate the macaque's thumb and index finger (segments C6–C8), the cortical representation of these digits was initially silenced but then re‐emerged for these same digits over 2–4 postlesion months. Cortical reactivation was accompanied by the emergence of physiologically detectable input from these same digits within dorsal rootlets bordering the lesion site. We investigated whether central axonal sprouting of primary afferents spared by the rhizotomy could mediate this cortical reactivation. The cortical representation of the hand was mapped electrophysiologically 15–25 weeks after the dorsal rootlet section to define this reactivation. Cholera toxin subunit B conjugated to horseradish peroxidase was then injected into the thumb and index finger pads bilaterally to label the central terminals of any neurons that innervated these digits. Primary afferent terminal proliferation was assessed in the spinal dorsal horn and cuneate nucleus at 7 days and 15–25 postlesion weeks. Labeled terminal bouton distributions were reconstructed and the “lesion” and control sides compared within each monkey. Distributions were significantly larger on the side of the lesion in the dorsal horn and cuneate nucleus at 15–25 weeks after the dorsal rootlet section, than those mapped only 7 days postlesion. Our results provide direct evidence for localized sprouting of spared (uninjured) primary afferent terminals in the dorsal horn and cuneate nucleus after a restricted dorsal root injury. J. Comp. Neurol. 470:134–150, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.