bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Associations Between Multimorbidities and Patient-Reported Quality of Life
Authors: Graham Eileen K , Atherton Olivia E , Mroczek Daniel K , McGhee Chloe , Pieramici Lily , Lewis-Thames Marquita , Curtis Laura , Cella David , Opsasnick Lauren , Lovett Rebecca , O’Conor Rachel , Wolf Michael S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The global prevalence of multimorbidity is increasing as the population ages. As individuals get older, they are likely to develop multiple chronic conditions, and nearly two-thirds of older adults in the United States are estimated to experience 2 or more chronic conditions. The present preregistered study examined whether multimorbidity was associated with longitudinal changes in health-related quality of life (i.e., anxiety, depression, and physical function) and whether these associations were moderated by sociodemographic factors (i.e., sex, race, marital status, income, insurance, and education).

Methods
Data come from the Health Literacy and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults Longitudinal Study (LitCog), a prospective cohort study of English-speaking older adults (N = 900). At each measurement occasion, participants reported anxiety, depression, and physical function using the Patient Reported Outcomes Information System, chronic conditions, and sociodemographic characteristics. We employed multilevel growth models to estimate changes in health-related quality of life, with multimorbidities as a predictor and sociodemographics as covariates.

Results
Results indicated that individuals with multiple chronic conditions reported persistently high levels of anxiety and depression, and worse physical function. We found evidence for racial health disparities, such that individuals who identified as non-White experienced worse health-related quality of life as multimorbidities increased, relative to White participants.

Discussion
These results contribute to the current conversation about the long-term impacts of structural and systemic barriers experienced by minoritized groups. We further discuss the public health implications of multimorbidity in older adulthood.
High throughput functional profiling of genes at intraocular pressure loci reveals distinct networks for glaucoma
Authors: Greatbatch Connor J , Lu Qinyi , Hung Sandy , Barnett Alexander J , Wing Kristof , Liang Helena , Han Xikun , Zhou Tiger , Siggs Owen M , Mackey David A , Cook Anthony L , Senabouth Anne , Liu Guei-Sheung , Craig Jamie E , MacGregor Stuart , Powell Joseph E , Hewitt Alex W 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of blindness globally. Characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell degeneration, the precise pathogenesis remains unknown. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered many genetic variants associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), one of the key risk factors for POAG. We aimed to identify genetic and morphological variation that can be attributed to trabecular meshwork cell (TMC) dysfunction and raised IOP in POAG.

Methods
62 genes across 55 loci were knocked-out in a primary human TMC line. Each knockout group, including five non-targeting control groups, underwent single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) for differentially-expressed gene (DEG) analysis. Multiplexed fluorescence coupled with CellProfiler image analysis allowed for single-cell morphological profiling.

Results
Many gene knockouts invoked DEGs relating to matrix metalloproteinases and interferon-induced proteins. We have prioritized genes at four loci of interest to identify gene knockouts that may contribute to the pathogenesis of POAG, including ANGPTL2, LMX1B, CAV1, and KREMEN1. Three genetic networks of gene knockouts with similar transcriptomic profiles were identified, suggesting a synergistic function in trabecular meshwork cell physiology. TEK knockout caused significant upregulation of nuclear granularity on morphological analysis, while knockout of TRIOBP, TMCO1 and PLEKHA7 increased granularity and intensity of actin and the cell-membrane.

Conclusion
High-throughput analysis of cellular structure and function through multiplex fluorescent single-cell analysis and scRNA-seq assays enabled the direct study of genetic perturbations at the single-cell resolution. This work provides a framework for investigating the role of genes in the pathogenesis of glaucoma and heterogenous diseases with a strong genetic basis.
Skew-Orthogonal Polynomials and Pfaff Lattice Hierarchy Associated With an Elliptic Curve
Authors: Fu Wei , Li Shi-Hao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Starting with a skew-symmetric inner product over an elliptic curve, we propose the concept of elliptic skew-orthogonal polynomials. Inspired by the Landau–Lifshitz hierarchy and its corresponding time evolutions, we obtain the recurrence relation and the $\tau $-function representation for such a novel class of skew-orthogonal polynomials. Furthermore, a bilinear integral identity is derived through the so-called Cauchy–Stieljes transformation, from which we successfully establish the connection between the elliptic skew-orthogonal polynomials and an elliptic extension of the Pfaff lattice hierarchy.
Bethe Subalgebras in Antidominantly Shifted Yangians
Authors: Krylov Vasily , Rybnikov Leonid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The loop group $G((z^{-1}))$ of a simple complex Lie group $G$ has a natural Poisson structure. We introduce a natural family of Poisson commutative subalgebras $\overline{{\textbf{B}}}(C) \subset{{\mathcal{O}}}(G((z^{-1}))$ depending on the parameter $C\in G$ called classical universal Bethe subalgebras. To every antidominant cocharacter $\mu $ of the maximal torus $T \subset G$, one can associate the closed Poisson subspace ${{\mathcal{W}}}_{\mu }$ of $G((z^{-1}))$ (the Poisson algebra ${{\mathcal{O}}}({{\mathcal{W}}}_{\mu })$ is the classical limit of so-called shifted Yangian $Y_{\mu }(\mathfrak{g})$ defined in [ 1, Appendix B]). We consider the images of $\overline{{\textbf{B}}}(C)$ in ${{\mathcal{O}}}({{\mathcal{W}}}_{\mu })$, denoted by $\overline{B}_{\mu }(C)$, that should be considered as classical versions of (not yet defined in general) Bethe subalgebras in shifted Yangians. For regular $C$ centralizing $\mu $, we compute the Poincaré series of these subalgebras. For $\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}_{n}$, we define the natural quantization ${\textbf{Y}}^{\textrm{rtt}}(\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}_{n})$ of ${{\mathcal{O}}}(\operatorname{Mat}_{n}((z^{-1})))$ and universal Bethe subalgebras ${\textbf{B}}(C) \subset{\textbf{Y}}^{\textrm{rtt}}(\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}_{n})$. Using the RTT realization of $Y_{\mu }(\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}_{n})$ (invented by Frassek, Pestun, and Tsymbaliuk), we obtain the natural surjections ${\textbf{Y}}^{\textrm{rtt}}(\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}_{n}) \twoheadrightarrow Y_{\mu }(\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}_{n})$, which quantize the embedding ${{\mathcal{W}}}_{\mu } \subset \operatorname{Mat}_{n}((z^{-1}))$. Taking the images of ${\textbf{B}}(C)$ in $Y_{\mu }(\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}_{n})$, we recover Bethe subalgebras $B_{\mu }(C) \subset Y_{\mu }(\mathfrak{g}\mathfrak{l}_{n})$ proposed by Frassek, Pestun, and Tsymbaliuk.
Autonomy and Community in Kant’s Theory of Taste
Authors: Williams Jessica J 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
In this paper, I argue that Kant has a far more communitarian theory of aesthetic life than is usually acknowledged. I focus on two aspects of Kant’s theory that might otherwise be taken to support an individualist reading, namely, Kant’s emphasis on aesthetic autonomy and his characterization of judgments of taste as involving demands for agreement. I argue that the full expression of autonomy in fact requires being a member of an aesthetic community and that within such a community, judgments of taste are issued as invitations to others to engage their faculties towards the goal of shared aesthetic appreciation.
Successful reconstruction of severe traumatic scalp defect with exposed bones in a 6-year-old boy: a case report
Authors: Sidarta Erdo P , Malelak Elric B , Datusanantyo Robertus A , Lauren Christopher , Maliawan Sri 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Full-thickness scalp defect reconstruction is considered challenging for the surgeon. The goal of this procedure is to provide coverage of the calvarium. Scalp defect needs thorough and careful planning in reconstruction, not only in choosing the best closure strategy but also in post-operative care. We report a case of successful reconstruction of traumatic severe scalp and bone loss using local scalp flap in a 6-year-old trauma patient. Free flap reconstruction should be considered in such a defect. However, limited resources prevented us to do so. In craniofacial trauma, the plastic surgeon may be involved as an attending physician in facial trauma or assisting in other trauma, especially in defect closure.
Spectroscopic confirmation of high-amplitude eruptive YSOs and dipping giants from the VVV survey
Authors: Guo Zhen , Lucas P W , Kurtev R , Borissova J , Contreras Peña C , Yurchenko S N , Smith L C , Minniti D , Saito R K , Bayo A , Catelan M , Alonso-García J , Caratti o Garatti A , Morris C , Froebrich D , Tennyson J , Maucó K , Aguayo A , Miller N , Muthu H D S 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
During the pre-main-sequence (pre-MS) evolution stage of a star, significant amounts of stellar mass are accreted during episodic accretion events, such as multidecade FUor-type outbursts. Here, we present a near-infrared spectroscopic follow-up study of 33 high-amplitude (most with ΔKs &gt; 4 mag) variable sources discovered by the Vista Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) survey. Based on the spectral features, 25 sources are classified as eruptive young stellar objects (YSOs), including 15 newly identified FUors, six with long-lasting, but EXor-like bursts of magnetospheric accretion and four displaying outflow-dominated spectra. By examining the photometric behaviours of eruptive YSOs, we found most FUor-type outbursts have higher amplitudes (ΔKs and ΔW2), faster eruptive time-scales and bluer infrared colours than the other outburst types. In addition, we identified seven post-MS variables apparently associated with deep dipping events and an eruptive star with deep aluminium monoxide absorption bands resembling those seen in the V838 Mon stellar merger.
Sub-GeV dark matter annihilation: limits from Milky Way observations with INTEGRAL
Authors: Siegert Thomas , Calore Francesca , Serpico Pasquale Dario 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
From 16 years of INTEGRAL/SPI γ-ray observations, we derive bounds on annihilating light dark matter particles in the halo of the Milky Way up to masses of about 300 MeV. We test four different spatial templates for the dark matter halo, including a Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW), Einasto, Burkert, and isothermal sphere profile, as well as three different models for the underlying diffuse inverse compton emission. We find that the bounds on the s-wave velocity-averaged annihilation cross sections for both the electron-positron and the photon–photon final states are the strongest to date from γ-ray observations alone in the mass range ≲6 MeV. We provide fitting formulae for the upper limits and discuss their dependences on the halo profile. The bounds on the two-photon final state are superseding the limits from the cosmic microwave background in the range of 50 keV up to ∼3 MeV, showing the great potential future MeV mission will have in probing light dark matter.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms and Zn transport by ZIP11 shape functional phenotypes of HeLa cells
Authors: Kim Elizabeth Y , Verdejo-Torres Odette , Diaz-Rodriguez Karla , Hasanain Farah , Caromile Leslie , Padilla-Benavides Teresita 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a vital micronutrient with essential roles in biological processes like enzyme function, gene expression, and cell signaling. Disruptions in the cellular regulation of Zn2+ ions often lead to pathological states. Mammalian Zn transporters, such as ZIP11, play a key role in homeostasis of this ion. ZIP11 resides predominately in the nucleus and Golgi apparatus. Our laboratory reported a function of ZIP11 in maintaining nuclear Zn levels in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Analyses of cervical and ovarian cancer patients’ datasets identified four coding, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SLC39A11, the gene that encodes ZIP11, correlating with disease severity. We hypothesized that these SNPs might translate to functional changes in the ZIP11 protein by modifying access to substrate availability. We also proposed that a metal-binding site (MBS) in ZIP11 is crucial for transmembrane Zn2+ transport and required for maintenance of various pathogenic phenotypes observed in HeLa cells. Here, we investigated these claims by re-introducing single the SLC39A11 gene encoding for mutant residues associated with the SNPs, as well as MBS mutations into HeLa cells knocked down for the transporter. Some SNPs-encoding ZIP11 variants rescued Zn levels, proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of knockdown (KD) cells. Conversely, single MBS mutations mimicked the traits of KD cells, confirming the transporter's role in establishing and maintaining proliferative, migratory, and invasive traits. Overall, the intricate role of Zn in cellular dynamics and cancer progression underscores the significance of Zn transporters like ZIP11 in potential therapeutic interventions.
Loss of SLC30A10 manganese transporter alters expression of neurotransmission genes and activates hypoxia-inducible factor signaling in mice
Authors: Warden Anna , Mayfield R Dayne , Gurol Kerem C , Hutchens Steven , Liu Chunyi , Mukhopadhyay Somshuvra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The essential metal manganese (Mn) induces neuromotor disease at elevated levels. The manganese efflux transporter SLC30A10 regulates brain Mn levels. Homozygous loss-of-function mutations in SLC30A10 induce hereditary Mn neurotoxicity in humans. Our prior characterization of Slc30a10 knockout mice recapitulated the high brain Mn levels and neuromotor deficits reported in humans. But, mechanisms of Mn-induced motor deficits due to SLC30A10 mutations or elevated Mn exposure are unclear. To gain insights into this issue, we characterized changes in gene expression in the basal ganglia, the main brain region targeted by Mn, of Slc30a10 knockout mice using unbiased transcriptomics. Compared with littermates, &gt;1000 genes were upregulated or downregulated in the basal ganglia sub-regions (i.e. caudate putamen, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra) of the knockouts. Pathway analyses revealed notable changes in genes regulating synaptic transmission and neurotransmitter function in the knockouts that may contribute to the motor phenotype. Expression changes in the knockouts were essentially normalized by a reduced Mn chow, establishing that changes were Mn dependent. Upstream regulator analyses identified hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling, which we recently characterized to be a primary cellular response to elevated Mn, as a critical mediator of the transcriptomic changes in the basal ganglia of the knockout mice. HIF activation was also evident in the liver of the knockout mice. These results: (i) enhance understanding of the pathobiology of Mn-induced motor disease; (ii) identify specific target genes/pathways for future mechanistic analyses; and (iii) independently corroborate the importance of the HIF pathway in Mn homeostasis and toxicity.
Gene-to-gene coordinated regulation of transcription and alternative splicing by 3D chromatin remodeling upon NF-κB activation
Authors: Marie Paul , Bazire Matéo , Ladet Julien , Ameur Lamya Ben , Chahar Sanjay , Fontrodona Nicolas , Sexton Tom , Auboeuf Didier , Bourgeois Cyril F , Mortreux Franck 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The NF-κB protein p65/RelA plays a pivotal role in coordinating gene expression in response to diverse stimuli, including viral infections. At the chromatin level, p65/RelA regulates gene transcription and alternative splicing through promoter enrichment and genomic exon occupancy, respectively. The intricate ways in which p65/RelA simultaneously governs these functions across various genes remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we employed the HTLV-1 Tax oncoprotein, a potent activator of NF-κB, to investigate its influence on the three-dimensional organization of the genome, a key factor in gene regulation. We discovered that Tax restructures the 3D genomic landscape, bringing together genes based on their regulation and splicing patterns. Notably, we found that the Tax-induced gene–gene contact between the two master genes NFKBIA and RELA is associated with their respective changes in gene expression and alternative splicing. Through dCas9-mediated approaches, we demonstrated that NFKBIA–RELA interaction is required for alternative splicing regulation and is caused by an intragenic enrichment of p65/RelA on RELA. Our findings shed light on new regulatory mechanisms upon HTLV-1 Tax and underscore the integral role of p65/RelA in coordinated regulation of NF-κB-responsive genes at both transcriptional and splicing levels in the context of the 3D genome.
Latin American Republicanism
Authors: Gargarella Roberto 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to enrich our understanding of Latin American constitutionalism, by calling attention to the presence, influence, and worth of republican ideas during the region’s Founding Period, which took place approximately during the years following the independence revolution, and mainly between 1810–1860. The chapter closely examines the republicans’ three main theoretical contributions to the regional history of ideas and explore their original, renewed approach to the ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity, within the Latin American context. The assumption is that, by revisiting those concepts, the chapter may help illuminate the intellectual legacy of 19th-century Latin American republican ideas.
Development and validation of nomograms using photoacoustic imaging and 2D ultrasound to predict breast nodule benignity and malignancy
Authors: Chen Jing , Huang Zhibin , Luo Hui , Li Guoqiu , Ding Zhimin , Tian Hongtian , Tang Shuzhen , Mo Sijie , Xu Jinfeng , Wu Huaiyu , Dong Fajin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The application of photoacoustic imaging (PAI), utilizing laser-induced ultrasound, shows potential in assessing blood oxygenation in breast nodules. However, its effectiveness in distinguishing between malignant and benign nodules remains insufficiently explored.

Purpose
This study aims to develop nomogram models for predicting the benign or malignant nature of breast nodules using PAI.

Method
A prospective cohort study enrolled 369 breast nodules, subjecting them to PAI and ultrasound examination. The training and testing cohorts were randomly divided into two cohorts in a ratio of 3:1. Based on the source of the variables, three models were developed, Model 1: photoacoustic-BIRADS+BMI + blood oxygenation, Model 2: BIRADS+Shape+Intranodal blood (Doppler) + BMI, Model 3: photoacoustic-BIRADS+BIRADS+ Shape+Intranodal blood (Doppler) + BMI + blood oxygenation. Risk factors were identified through logistic regression, resulting in the creation of three predictive models. These models were evaluated using calibration curves, subject receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and decision curve analysis.

Results
The area under the ROC curve for the training cohort was 0.91 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 0.88–0.95), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89–0.95), and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96–0.99) for Models 1–3, and the ROC curve for the testing cohort was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91–0.98), 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83–0.96), and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95–0.99) for Models 1–3.

Conclusions
The calibration curves demonstrate that the model’s predictions agree with the actual values. Decision curve analysis suggests a good clinical application.
Development and validation of a new tool for assessment of trainees’ interventional musculoskeletal ultrasound skills
Authors: Carstensen Stine Maya Dreier , Just Søren Andreas , Pfeiffer-Jensen Mogens , Østergaard Mikkel , Konge Lars , Terslev Lene 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Interventional musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) procedures are routinely performed in rheumatology practice. However, the efficacy and safety of the procedures rely on the competence of the physician, and assessment of skills is crucial. Thus, this study aimed to develop and establish validity evidence for a tool assessing trainees' interventional MSUS skills.

Methods
An expert panel of rheumatologists modified an existing tool for assessing competences in invasive abdominal and thoracic ultrasound procedures. The new tool (the Assessment of Interventional Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Skills [AIMUS] tool) reflects the essential steps in interventional MSUS. To establish validity evidence, physicians with different levels of interventional MSUS experience were enrolled and performed two procedures on a rubber phantom, simulating real patient cases. All performances were video-recorded, anonymized and assessed in random order by two blinded raters using the AIMUS tool.

Results
65 physicians from 21 different countries were included and categorized into groups based on their experience, resulting in 130 videos for analysis. The internal consistency of the tool was excellent, with a Cronbach’s α of 0.96. The inter-case reliability was good with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC) of 0.74 and the inter-rater reliability was moderate to good (PCC 0.58). The ability to discriminate between different levels of experience was highly significant (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
We have developed and established validity evidence for a new interventional MSUS assessment tool. The tool can be applied in future competency-based educational programmes, provide structured feedback to trainees in daily clinical practice and ensure end-of-training competence.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05303974.