bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activating Organic Electrode for Zinc Batteries via Adjusting Solvation Structure of Zn Ions
Authors: Yu Xiaomeng , Zhou Kang , Liu Chang , Li Junjie , Ma Jing , Yan Lei , Guo Ziyang , Wang Yonggang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractZinc‐organic batteries, combining the low cost and high capacity of Zn anodes with the tunable and sustainable properties of organic cathodes, have garnered significant attention. Herein, we present a zinc‐organic battery featuring a poly(benzoquinonyl sulfide) (PBQS) cathode, a Zn anode, and an N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF)‐based electrolyte, which delivers a high capacity (200 mAh g−1), excellent rate capability, and an ultra‐long cycle life (10,000 cycles) when tested with a low PBQS loading (2 mg cm−2). The charge storage mechanism in the PBQS cathode involves solvated Zn2+ adsorption and consequent Zn2+ coordination with PBQS companied by de‐solvation process, as confirmed by in situ FT‐IR analysis. However, sluggish Zn2+ de‐solvation leads to a loss of Zn2+ coordination capacity when tested with higher PBQS loading (8 mg cm−2) even at a low current density of 0.2 A g−1. Remarkably, the addition of 2 % H2O to the DMF electrolyte incorporates 0.24 H2O into the primary solvation sheath of Zn2+, significantly facilitating the de‐solvation process. As a result, the PBQS cathode (8 mg cm−2) retains its Zn2+ storage capacity when using the modified electrolyte. This approach offers a new strategy for improving the rate performance of organic electrodes, complementing existing conductivity enhancements.
Sulfonated Poly (Ether Ether Ketone)‐Filled Nanofiber‐Based Composite Proton Exchange Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Huang Chun‐Chun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTProton exchange membranes (PEMs) with high proton conductivity, good methanol barrier ability, and reliable mechanical stability are crucial for their practical application in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Preparation of nanofiber‐based composite PEMs is a facile and effective way to balance the trade‐off between proton conductivity and mechanical stability of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK). Herein, surface amino functionalized silica coated polyvinylidene fluoride (N‐SiO2@PVDF) electrospun nanofibers were prepared and used as a mechanical support for SPEEK. The obtained SPEEK‐filled N‐SiO2@PVDF composite membrane showed a high mechanical strength (27.3 MPa) and good toughness with the aid of the reinforcement effect of nanofibers together with the ionic crosslinking between surface grafted NH2 and the filling polymer SPEEK. Moreover, the composite membrane demonstrated considerable conductivities especially at 80°C (46.1 mS cm−1), which was very close to that of SPEEK (53.5 mS cm−1). Thanks to its low methanol crossover and high proton conductivity, the single DMFC assembled with SPEEK‐N‐SiO2@PVDF output higher open circuit voltage of 0.78 V and power density of 70.5 mW cm−2, which were far beyond those of SPEEK (0.66 V and 42.5 mW cm−2).
Bioelectronics with Topological Crosslinked Networks for Tactile Perception
Authors: Ding Mingqi , Xie Pengshan , Ho Johnny C. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBioelectronics, which integrate biological systems with electronic components, have attracted significant attention in developing biomimetic materials and advanced hardware architectures to enable novel information‐processing systems, sensors, and actuators. However, the rigidity of conjugated molecular systems and the lack of reconfigurability in static crosslinked structures pose significant challenges for flexible sensing applications. Topological crosslinked networks (TCNs) featuring dynamic molecular interactions offer enhanced molecular flexibility and environmentally induced reconfigurability, decoupling the competition between performances. Here, recent advances are summarized in assembly methods of bioelectronics with different TCNs and elaborate ion/electron‐transport mechanisms from the perspective of molecular interactions. Decoupling effects can be achieved by comparing distinct TCNs and their respective properties, and an outlook is provided on a new range of neuromorphic hardware with biocompatibility, self‐healing, self‐powered, and multimodal‐sensing capabilities. The development of TCN‐based bioelectronics can significantly impact the fields of artificial neuromorphic perception devices, networks, and systems.
Intricacies of Carbon Dot Photoluminescence for Emerging Applications: A Review
Authors: Nandi Nilanjana , Sarkar Priyanka , Barnwal Neha , Sahu Kalyanasis 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDiscovered only in 2004, carbon dots (CDs) have already traversed a long journey, generating many promising research directions. Its cheapness, ease of synthesis, high water‐solubility, tunable emission, and excellent biocompatibility make it a single‐point solution to many problems, and tremendous efforts were invested into understanding the structure‐property‐function relationship, which eases the engineering of the CD properties suitable for a desired application. From the usual random choice of precursors or carbon materials as a starting point in the early days, more systematic approaches are now available for choosing proper starting materials and appropriate experimental conditions (solvent medium, reaction temperature, reaction duration, pH, etc) to customize its photoluminescence. The presence of impurities has a crucial role in the outcome and applicability of photoluminescence. Recently, a significant focus has been on the long‐wavelength emissive CDs, particularly in the red to near‐infrared (NIR) regions, for better penetration into live cells and to circumvent autofluorescence problems. Proper design can harvest phosphorescence from CDs. Many excellent reviews are available, focusing on different facets of CD prospects. Hence, we will only highlight the importance of the optical properties of CDs and ways to modulate them. We will mention some of the new works that have appeared in the last five years.
MXenes: Are They Ready for Direct Air Capture of CO2?
Authors: Bhowmik Konok Chandra , Rahman Md. Arafat , Ahmed Yunus , Hai Tasmia Binte 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAlthough Direct Air Capture (DAC) of CO2 is a potential technology for climate change mitigation, the cost, scalability, and efficiency of existing materials and techniques are severely limited. MXenes, a type of two‐dimensional materials, have drawn interest due to their remarkable conductivity, enormous surface area, and adjustable chemistry, however, their potential for DAC has not yet been thoroughly investigated. Recent developments in MXene synthesis and functionalization are comprehensively reviewed, with an emphasis on how these characteristics might be used to enhance improve CO2 adsorption and capture efficiency. In addition, the difficulties of stability, scalability, and economic feasibility for real‐world applications are evaluated. Our findings demonstrate the great potential of MXenes for DAC and offer fresh perspectives on how their special qualities might overcome current constraints. This study presents a new viewpoint on MXenes as a feasible CO2 capture option, indicating new avenues for future research and development, even though further optimization is required.
Reliability Analysis of Load‐Sharing Systems Using a Flexible Model With Piecewise Linear Functions
Authors: Biswas Shilpi , Ganguly Ayon , Mitra Debanjan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA flexible model for analysing load‐sharing data is developed by approximating the cumulative hazard functions of component lifetimes by piecewise linear functions. The proposed model is data‐driven and does not depend on restrictive parametric assumptions on underlying component lifetimes. Maximum likelihood estimation and construction of confidence intervals for model parameters are discussed. Estimates of reliability characteristics such as reliability at a mission time, quantile function, mean time to failure and mean residual time for load‐sharing systems are developed in this setting. As the proposed model is capable of providing a good fit for load‐sharing data, it also results in a better estimation of these important reliability characteristics. The performance of the proposed model is observed to be quite satisfactory through a detailed Monte Carlo simulation study. The analyses of two load‐sharing datasets, one pertaining to the lives of two‐motor load‐sharing systems and another related to basketball games, are provided as illustrative examples. In summary, this article presents a comprehensive discussion on a flexible model that can be used for load‐sharing systems efficiently.
Synergy in Commercial Brass Reinforced Carbon Hybrids Interlayer towards Highly Reversible Zn Anodes
Authors: Rui Kun , Chen Ke , Chen Yakai , Si Wenhao , Liu Jiliang , Yan Yan , Lin Huijuan , Zhao Cong , Zhu Jixin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs) have served as a promising candidate for next‐generation energy storage applications. Nonetheless, interfacial issues concerning the metallic Zn anode including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), chemical corrosion, and dendrite growth remain to be carefully addressed. Herein, we present a facile and cost‐effective strategy to implant carbon nanotube (CNT) framework with a commercial brass alloy as the protective interlayer. The conductive network constructed by interconnected CNTs ensures an optimal electric field distribution over the entire electrode surface. The embedded brass alloy not only inhibits the aggregation of CNTs, but also mitigates surface corrosion through its abundance of chemically inert Cu sites. Leveraging the synergy within the carbon hybrids featuring high Zn‐affinity and abundant nucleation sites for Zn2+, lowered energy barriers and promoted redox kinetics for Zn deposition enable highly stabilized and reversible Zn anodes. As a result, symmetric cells demonstrate extended cycling lifespan of 3000 h and 1200 h at 2 mA cm−2 and 5 mA cm−2 for 1 mAh cm−2, respectively. Furthermore, the optimized Zn||MnO2 full cells exhibit impressive cycling stability for 1000 cycles at 2 A g−1.
How to clean a catheter: Development of an intervention for intermittent catheter reuse
Authors: Wilks Sandra , Macaulay Margaret , Prieto Jacqui , Avery Miriam , Bryant Catherine , Delgado Debbie , Murphy Cathy , Morris Nicola , Fader Mandy 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMuch intermittent catheterisation (IC) is carried out using single‐use catheters. Waste and costs could be reduced by cleaning and reusing catheters, but is it safe to do so? To answer these questions of safety and sustainability, clinical trials are needed. In this study, we developed a user‐tested catheter cleaning method and training materials for use in a clinical trial.MethodsFocus groups selected candidate cleaning methods and developed draft instructions. Users then home tested these methods on uncoated, plastic‐based catheters, which were cleaned and reused up to 28 times. Reused and cleaned catheters were analysed using advanced microbiological analysis methods. The refined cleaning method was further tested by a naïve user panel. Additionally, a silicone catheter designed for reuse was tested in the laboratory and for user acceptability. User panel feedback was gathered throughout testing and thematically analysed.ResultsTwenty‐six IC users were recruited to three user panels. Focus groups identified soap and water (SW) and soap and water plus a 15‐minute soak in a chlorine‐based cleaning solution (SW‐Cl) as the preferred cleaning methods. User testing (≤3 reuses) and laboratory analysis showed SW alone to be less effective than SW‐Cl: bacteria were detected in 23/120 (19%) male and 56/108 (52%) female SW samples versus 16/228 (7%) and 16/201 (8%) for SW‐Cl. Bacteria were detected in only 1/240 (<0.5%) of catheter samples after 8–≥28 reuses with the SW‐Cl method. Naïve user panel results were similar. The silicone catheter was acceptable to users and had comparable laboratory results using SW‐Cl. User panel feedback informed refinement and simplification of the SW‐Cl cleaning method and instructions.ConclusionA chlorine‐based method for cleaning catheters, which effectively removed bacteria from catheters reused multiple times, has been developed, tested and refined by users, and captured in an instruction booklet and video for inclusion in a clinical trial.
Trends in the Incidence and Survival Outcomes in Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer in the United States: An Analysis of the SEER Database
Authors: Uprety Dipesh , Seaton Randell , Niroula Abesh , Hadid Tarik , Parikh Kaushal , Ruterbusch Julie J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere has been a lack of updated epidemiological data on the incidence and survival outcomes for patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in the United States over the last two decades.MethodsA retrospective, population‐based study was conducted utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program to identify patients with SCLC from 2000 to 2020. Trends in cancer incidence, incidence‐based mortality rates, 1‐year relative survival rates and 1‐year observed survival were evaluated utilizing the SEER database.ResultsThe database identified a total of 188,426 SCLC patients during the study period from 2000 through 2020. The age‐adjusted incidence rate slowly declined, on average, by 3% (95% CI: −3.2% to −2.8%) each year from 9 per 100,000 in 2000 to 4.6 per 100,000 in 2020. The decline is evident for all age groups, sexes, and races. Incidence‐based mortality also declined slowly from 6.6 in 2005 to 3.5 in 2020. However, survival outcomes, including 1‐year relative survival and 1‐year observed survivals, have not improved significantly over the last two decades.ConclusionThis study found that the incidence of SCLC has decreased from 2000 to 2020, likely due to a reduction in smoking rates, underscoring the importance of smoking abstinence. An improvement in incidence‐based mortality is likely related to an enhanced medical care and a decrease in the incidence of SCLC, but the lack of improvement in survival outcomes reflects the need for more effective systemic therapy.
Body Weight and Breast Cancer Treatment Experiences: Results From the Share Thoughts on a Breast Cancer Study
Authors: Nash Sarah H. , Verhage Elizabeth , McDowell Bradley D. , Neuner Joan , Chrischilles Elizabeth , Lizarraga Ingrid M. , Schroeder Mary 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeDifferences in breast cancer recurrence and survival occur by body size; the role of treatment differences in these disparities has been underexplored. Our objective was to evaluate differences in treatments received, patient experiences of care, and treatment decision‐making processes among breast cancer survivors by body size.MethodsWe used data from the Share Thoughts on Breast Cancer study. Participants (n = 1198) completed a survey that included information on demographics, treatments received, quality of care, and decision‐making. We used descriptive statistics to evaluate differences in survey response by BMI category, and multivariable‐adjusted multinomial and logistic regression to examine associations of BMI with treatments received.ResultsThose with higher BMI were more likely to be older, report fair/poor health, not have a college‐level education, be non‐white, not be insured, have an income under $50,000, be unemployed, and report a history of several chronic diseases. Although there were unadjusted associations, after adjustment, women with obesity were not significantly less likely to receive mastectomy [OR 0.79 (0.50, 1.26) and OR 0.66 (0.38, 1.16), for BMI 30–35 and 35+ kg/m2 respectively] or contralateral prophylactic mastectomy [OR 0.92 (0.59, 1.44) and OR 0.80 (0.46, 1.39)] than those without obesity. Similarly, we found no association of BMI with reconstructive surgery [OR 0.97 (0.58, 1.60) and OR 0.58 (0.30, 1.11)] after adjustment. Women with obesity were less likely to report that their breast cancer care was excellent or very good (p = 0.026).ConclusionsWe observed no differences in breast cancer treatments received by BMI after adjustment for key covariates in this study sample. Further research is necessary to determine why quality of care may be perceived as lower among women with obesity.
Retrospective Study of Genetic Testing Results Reveals Pathogenic Variants Beyond BRCA1/2 in Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Cases in New Brunswick: Implications for Future Care
Authors: Gauvin Kelly , Allain Véronique , Bouhamdani Nadia , Williams Chloe , Saheb Yanis , Savoie Catherine , Macrae Lynn , Hodson Katherine , Zhu Yun Amber , Allain Eric , Amor Mouna Ben 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn Canada, founder variants in breast cancer susceptibility genes have been identified in populations residing in Québec and Newfoundland, thus demonstrating the value in characterizing the genetic profile of local populations for better clinical management. New Brunswick has a diverse, yet genetically unexplored population that includes founder Irish and Acadian ancestry, among others, and we hypothesized that this population could demonstrate potential enrichments for variants in breast cancer genes.MethodsHealth records were retrospectively analyzed for 445 cases referred to the genetics clinic in Moncton, New Brunswick, their molecular results were summarized and compared to allele frequencies from similar studies in Canada.ResultsNo ethnic or age‐related correlation for specific variants could be identified. However, BRCA1/2 variant frequency was lower than expected in the study group and variants in other susceptibility genes such as ATM and CHEK2 were higher when compared to similar studies.PerspectivesThis study demonstrates a distinct profile in hereditary breast cancer genetics in a previously uncharacterized population, thus adding to existing knowledge of population genetics in Atlantic Canada.
Health Economic Evaluations of Circulating Tumor DNA Testing for Cancer Screening: Systematic Review
Authors: Rui Mingjun , Wang Yingcheng , You Joyce H. S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCancer detection remains a significant global healthcare challenge, and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a biomarker for noninvasive cancer screening.ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to describe health economic evaluations of ctDNA for cancer screening.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed (following PRISMA guidelines) across MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the Center for Review and Dissemination. The review included full‐scale health economic analyses such as cost–effectiveness, cost–utility, cost–benefit, and cost–consequence analyses. The quality of the included reports was assessed using CHEERS 2022 standards, and each report was categorized as excellent, very good, good, or insufficient.ResultsEighteen studies were selected, including four ctDNA tests (EBV‐DNA, cf‐DNA, mSEPT9, and mt‐sDNA) for three types of cancer screening: nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) (2; 11.11%), breast cancer (BC) (1; 5.56%), and colorectal cancer (CRC) (15; 83.33%). Five studies (27.78%) found ctDNA cost‐effective for CRC screening (mt‐sDNA (with higher uptake than conventional tests) versus fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) or colonoscopy (n = 4); mSEPT9 versus computed tomography colonoscopy (CTC) (n = 1)). Thirteen studies (72.22%) found ctDNA not cost‐effective for NPC (EBV‐DNA versus no screening (n = 2)); BC (cf‐DNA versus conventional testing (n = 1)); CRC (mSEPT9 versus FIT or colonoscopy (n = 2)); mt‐sDNA versus FIT or colonoscopy (n = 5); mSEPT9 or mt‐sDNA versus conventional tests (n = 3)). The CHEERS assessment found all reports in the “very good” category.ConclusionAll ctDNA tests were generally not cost‐effective comparing to conventional screening methods, except when the mt‐sDNA uptake was higher than the comparators or when mSEPT9 was compared with CTC.Trial RegistrationCRD42023477732
The Effects of Silibinin Combined With EGFR‐TKIs in the Treatment of NSCLC
Authors: Wang Xiaocen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCurrently, the most effective oral targeted therapies for NSCLC in clinical practice are EGFR‐TKIs. However, acquired drug resistance often leads to tumor progression and recurrence. EGFR overexpression and activation of its downstream pathways are primary contributors to both mutations in tumor cells and their development of drug resistance. Silibinin has been identified as a promising agent that can suppress EGFR signaling through multiple mechanisms. However, its poor water solubility and difficulty penetrating cell membranes result in rapid metabolism in vivo, and significantly affect its concentration in the blood.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of the English PubMed database using various combinations of keywords, including “silibinin,” “epidermal growth factor receptor,” “phosphorylation,” “chemotherapy,” “nano,” and “non‐small cell lung cancer.” The results were then filtered for their relevance and impact on current treatment paradigms.ResultsThis review presents a comprehensive exploration of the mechanisms underlying the EGFR autophosphorylation pathways that contribute to acquire drug resistance in. Additionally, this study delves into the potential of silibinin as a novel therapeutic agent for NSCLC, evaluating its advantages and limitations on the basis of existing research. The majority of the available data suggest that combining silibinin with first‐generation TKIs would yield promising outcomes because of additive or synergistic effects, suggesting that optimizing the time and dosage of each of these treatments is crucial for achieving the best results.ConclusionThe existing evidence is inadequate to endorse the clinical application of nano silibinin for NSCLC treatment. Developing multifunctional nanomedicines that incorporate silibinin, EGFR‐TKIs, and other bioactive compounds is a recommended future strategy for NSCLC treatment.
Multi‐Institutional Phase II Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Dynamic Tumor‐Tracking, Moderately Hypofractionated Intensity‐Modulated Radiotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Yoshimura Michio , Hiraoka Masahiro , Kokubo Masaki , Sakamoto Takashi , Karasawa Katsuyuki , Matsuo Yukinori , Nakamura Mitsuhiro , Mukumoto Nobutaka , Morita Satoshi , Mizowaki Takashi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundFor delivering high radiation doses to pancreatic tumors, organ motion management is indispensable; however, studies on this are limited. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dynamic tumor tracking (DTT) moderately hypofractionated intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC).MethodsPatients with histological confirmation for LAPC were included. A linac system, which was mounted with a gimbal function, was used for DTT‐IMRT. The prescribed dose was 48 Gy in 15 fractions. The primary endpoint was the 1‐year rate of freedom from locoregional progression (FFLP).ResultsDTT‐IMRT was successfully administered in 25 patients enrolled from four institutions. The median range of respiratory motion during DTT‐IMRT was 9.8 mm (range: 3.5–27.3 mm), and the median tracking accuracy was 2.6 mm (range: 0.7–5.2 mm). With a median follow‐up period of 13.9 months, the 1‐year FFLP rate was 75.3% (lower limit of one‐sided 80% confidence interval [CI]: 60.2%), which satisfied the predetermined primary endpoint. One‐year locoregional progression‐free survival, progression‐free survival, and overall survival were 56.0% (95% CI: 34.8%–72.7%), 44.0% (95% CI: 24.5%–61.9%), and 60.0% (95% CI: 38.4%–76.1%), respectively. Regarding nonhematologic toxicities, grade 3 acute gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity was observed in two patients (8%), and two patients (8%) each experienced grade 3 late GI and non‐GI toxicities. No grade 4 or 5 nonhematologic toxicities were observed.ConclusionsDTT moderately hypofractionated IMRT shows preferable locoregional control without significant toxicity in patients with LAPC.Trial RegistrationUMIN000017521