bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Drug Development Using Starch Nanoparticles
Authors: Bera Smritilekha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
The naturally available carbohydrate polymer, starch, is biodegradable and biocompatible,
making it suitable for drug encapsulation due to the presence of various hydroxy functionalities.
Multidrug resistance in antibacterial agents can sometimes limit their use and pose toxicity issues
due to dose-related problems resulting from the low bioavailability or solubility of hydrophobic
drugs. To address this issue, antibiotics are delivered using nanocarriers that protect therapeutic
agents from degradation and enhance the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. This review article discusses
the utilization of starch nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles or carriers for antibacterial
agents.
Ion-activated In Situ Gel of Gellan Gum Containing Chrysin for Nasal
Administration in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Lavania Khushboo , Garg Anuj 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
This study focused on creating an innovative treatment approach for Parkinson's
disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by the loss of specific
neurons in the brain.

Aim:
The research aimed to develop a nasal gel using gellan gum containing a complex of chrysin
with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) to enhance the drug’s solubility and stability.

Method:
The formulation process involved utilizing central composite design (CCD) to optimize
the concentrations of gellan gum and HPMC E5, with viscosity and mucoadhesive strength as key
factors. The resulting optimized in situ gel comprised 0.7% w/v gellan gum and 0.6% w/v HPMC
E5, exhibiting desirable viscosity levels for both sol and gel states, along with robust mucoadhesive
properties. The formulated gel underwent comprehensive evaluation, including assessments for gelation,
drug content, in vitro drug release, ex vivo permeation, and histopathology.

Result:
The findings demonstrated superior drug release from the in situ gel compared to
standalone chrysin. Ex vivo studies revealed effective drug permeation through nasal mucosa without
causing harm. Moreover, experiments on neuronal cells exposed to oxidative stress (H2O2-
induced) showcased significant neuroprotection conferred by chrysin and its formulations. These
treatments exhibited notable enhancements in cell viability and reduced instances of apoptosis and
necrosis, compared to the control group. The formulations exhibited neuroprotective properties by
mitigating oxidative damage through mechanisms, like free radical scavenging and restoration of
antioxidant enzyme activity.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this developed in situ gel formulation presents a promising novel nasal
delivery system for PD therapy. By addressing challenges related to drug properties and administration
route, it holds the potential to enhance treatment outcomes and improve the quality of life for
individuals with Parkinson's disease.
Membangun Kehidupan Toleransi Beragama dalam Komunitas Pelayanan Dialog Antaragama St. Ignasius Loyola dalam wilayah Paroki Kepanjen, Malang
Authors: Effendi Yulius Rustan 
Published: December 2023

Empowerment of awareness and the meaning of life of religious tolerance is a very important activity to be given to the community. The aim is to develop broad insights and understanding, to form tolerant behavior that is shown through concrete actions that support the creation of a safe, peaceful, harmonious life in an integrative society based on multiculturalism values. This tolerant life empowerment activity is a real effort to overcome various forms of conflict due to intolerance in society. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out community empowerment activities in the community of inter-religious dialogue services to build awareness of living as a tolerant nation and state. The method used in this community service activity is the socialization of empowerment (lectures) and simulations (dialogue/fraternal sharing and real action) guided by the speakers. The subjects in this empowerment activity are the people who join the Inter-religious Dialogue Service Community, especially the Inter-religious Dialogue Service Community of St. Ignasius Loyola in the Kepanjen Parish area, Malang, with a total of 80 participants. This activity was carried out for six (6) months, from May to October 2022. As a result of this empowerment of religious tolerance, the community has broad knowledge and understanding regarding the importance of a safe and harmonious life, and is able to build an open and adaptive culture of religious tolerance.
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Kegiatan pemberdayaan kesadaran dan pemaknaan kehidupan toleransi beragama merupakan kegiatan yang sangat penting untuk diberikan kepada umat/masyarakat. Tujuannya adalah mengembangkan wawasan pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang luas, membentuk perilaku yang toleran yang ditunjukkan melalui aksi nyata yang mendukung terciptanya kehidupan yang aman, damai, dan harmonis dalam masyarakat yang integratif berbasis nilai-nilai multikulturalisme. Kegiatan pemberdayaan kehidupan yang toleran ini merupakan upaya nyata untuk mengatasi berbagai bentuk konflik akibat sikap intoleransi di masyarakat. Karena itu, perlu dilakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam komunitas pelayanan dialog antaragama untuk membangun kesadaran hidup berbangsa dan bernegara yang toleran. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah sosialisasi pemberdayaan (ceramah) dan simulasi (dialog/ sharing persaudaraan dan aksi nyata) yang dipandu oleh pemateri. Subjek dalam kegiatan pemberdayaan ini adalah masyarakat yang bergabung dalam Komunitas Pelayanan Dialog Antaragama, khususnya Komunitas Pelayanan Dialog Antaragama St. Ignasius Loyola dalam wilayah Paroki Kepanjen, Malang yang berjumlah 80 peserta. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama enam bulan, yaitu pada bulan Mei sampai Oktober 2022. Hasil kegiatan pemberdayaan hidup.
AN ANALYSIS OF DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES FOUND IN THE JAKARTA POST NEWSPAPER
Authors: Windiatmika I Made Kein , Cahyani Putri Utami Ni Putu 
Published: December 2023

This study focused to analyse derivational affixes found in the Jakarta Post Newspaper. To describe the data source this study used the qualitative method. The observation method is used in this study to collect the data. There were several steps to collecting the data which were, first finding the data on the Jakarta Post website, second reading and underlining all the words containing derivational affixes, and then identifying and classifying based on their categories. This study used the theory proposed by Lieber (2009) as the main theory and supported theory by Katamba (1993) and Plag (2002). This study used formal and informal methods to present the data. After analyzing the data source there are two types of derivational affixes, namely derivational prefixes and derivational suffixes. There were 36 data of derivational affixes found in three newspaper such as 6 data are prefixes -un, -non, -over -ir 16,6% and 30 data are suffixes -y, -ity, -er, -ion, -ly, -al, -ful, -ible -or with percentage 83,4%. Based on the result it can be concluded the derivational suffix is more dominant than the derivational prefixes found in the Jakarta Post newspaper
Keywords: derivation; Jakarta post Newspaper; prefix; suffix
KARMA MARGA SEBAGAI LANDASAN FILOSOFIS KERJA BAGI UMAT HINDU
Authors: Paramita Anak Agung Gde Krisna , Rajendra I Made 
Published: December 2023

Manusia di dunia ini selalu dituntut untuk bekerja dan tidak seorang pun yang hidup di dunia ini terlepas dari aktivitas atau kerja karena manusia pada hakekatnya dibelenggu oleh hukum alam yang mewajibkannya untuk berbuat. Umat Hindu meyakini bahwa kerja merupakan pokok kehidupan, ”Kerja untuk hidup dan Hidup untuk kerja” yang pada akhirnya melalui kerja tersebut dapat mencapai kebebasan, asalkan pekerjaan itu dilakukan dengan tidak mengikatkan diri pada hasilnya sesuai dengan falsafah karma marga. Manusia betul-betul sadar akan kewajibannya dan memiliki etos kerja yang tinggi. Ajaran karma marga merupakan landasan filosofis kerja bagi umat hindu, sehingga sadar bahwa kerja pada hakekatnya adalah hukum sebab akibat yang dapat mengantarkan manusia ke jalan kebebasan dengan tidak mengikatkan diri pada hasilnya. Karma marga dalam pelaksanaannya mempunyai motif-motif yang mengarah untuk penyatuan diri dengan Tuhan/Ida sang Hyang Widhi, yaitu bahwa karma marga merupakan suatu pengabdian dan kewajiban bagi umat Hindu tanpa mementingkan hasil yang bersifat material atau motif ekonomi semata.
Dynamic Bonus Pools
Authors: Budde Jörg , Hofmann Christian 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We study the properties of long-term bonus pools (BPs) with rollover provision in a multiperiod moral hazard setting, where the principal uses subjective information to privately assess the agent’s performance and the agent is protected by limited liability (LL). To provide incentives, the principal funds a multiperiod BP with a fixed payment that may be distributed over time to the agent and a third party. We find that the optimal long-term BP contract features performance targets that are contingent on past performance. Specifically, high subjective performance implies an easy target, and low subjective performance implies a difficult target. To implement the long-term BP contract, the principal provides nondichotomous performance reports. The study contributes to the literature that discusses the mechanisms that make subjective performance information useful for incentive contracting.
JEL Classifications: D82; M52; M54.
Multi-peak Light-emitting Diode Curing Units and Polymerization of 3D-printed Crown and Bridge Resin
Authors: Chung SH , Jiang E-S , Lim B-S , Kim S-H , Chang J 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARY

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the substitutive and additive efficacy of multi-peak light-emitting diode (LED) curing units for post-curing of a three-dimensional- (3D-) printed crown and bridge resin.

Methods
A total of 792 disc- and 180 bar-shaped specimens were printed with a crown and bridge resin (NextDent C&B MFH) and post-cured using two LED curing units (VALO Cordless and Bluephase N G4) in fast and standard modes. Conventional post-curing (LC-3D Print Box, Group PC) was compared with LED-only curing (Groups V1, V2, B1, and B2) and LED-combined curing (Groups PV1, PV2, PB1, and PB2) in terms of microhardness, flexural strength, degree of conversion (DC), and CIE L*a*b* color and translucency parameters. Cytotoxicity of the resin eluates was evaluated using the WST-1 assay. Temperature increases on the resin surface were measured with infrared thermography. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α=0.05).

Results
The microhardness and flexural strength in Groups V1, V2, B1, and DC in all LED-only groups were lower than in other groups (p&lt;0.05). Larger color disparities existed between Group PC and all LED-only groups than between Group PC and the others (p&lt;0.05). There was no significant difference in cytotoxicity among the groups. The temperature increase was lowest in Groups V1 and PV1 during light curing (p&lt;0.05).

Conclusions
Post-curing by multi-peak LED curing units was not as effective as the conventional post-curing device. Additional post-curing by LED curing units did not improve the material properties.
Usulan Perbaikan Layout Produksi Menggunakan Metode Activity Relationship Chart Pada Area Proses Ekspor
Authors: Munir Farikhul , Yohanes Antoni 
Published: December 2023

Di era sekarang ini perkembangan dunia industri dalam bidang manufaktur di Indonesia telah mengalami peningkatan yang sangat pesat dengan seiring berjalannya teknologi sekarang ini yang semakin maju yang semuanya serba mesin. Kondisi tersebut mengharuskan industri manufaktur untuk terus melakukan perbaikan supaya dapat bertahan dan bersaing di industri manufaktur tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode Activity Relationship Chart dengan tujuan untuk memberikan usulan perbaikan layout supaya kinerja pada proses ekspor tidak mengalami backtracking. Sehingga ditemukan beberapa masalah pada tiap area proses ekspor yang dapat menimbulkan pemborosan waktu dan backtracking, maka dibuatlah usulan layout baru untuk mengatasi permasalahan yaitu area mana saja yang mutlak penting didekatkan, sangat penting, penting, cukup, tidak penting, dan tidak diinginkan untuk didekatkan. Kata kunci: Produksi, Usulan perbaikan, tata letak, Backtracking, Activiy relationship chart, Proses Ekspor
Website-Based Savings and Loans Data Processing Information System at the Office of Cooperatives and UMKM Medan Helvetia District
Authors: Putra Eka , Krisna Robi , Wijaya Rian Farta , Putra Randi Rian 
Published: December 2023

At the Cooperative Office, currently the process of processing savings and loans data is not optimal because the processing of savings and loans data still uses manual methods. Data processing like this can lead to data loss and insecure data storage. Therefore, the research will create a data processing system with sufficient computerization. So that the report that will be needed can be processed appropriately by the medan helvetia sub-district cooperative. From the problems that have been obtained so that a solution arises from its handling by implementing a web site-based savings and loans information system, so that with the existence of a web site-based information system, this research can
Power Rates Calculation Monitoring Prototype Electricity Using NODEMCU ESP32
Authors: Syafarrudin Muhammad , Fitriani Endah 
Published: December 2023

The use of tools for monitoring electric power rates and controlling the use of electric power rates is urgently needed. Homeowners often leave the electricity. For example, they use a refrigerator and a magic jar that is always turned on, which wastes electrical Energy and makes electricity bills expensive. This report aims to create a tool to monitor electric power in real time and calculate the electricity rates used, which users can be controlled on a WebApp. The hardware used is the Pzem-004T sensor, a reader of the overall electric power, OLED 128x64 as a display of used electric power rates, Proximity as a distance sensor, Push button as a reset button for electric power rates, DS1307 RTC module as time accuracy and S.D. module Card as log data storage and NodeMCU ESP32 as input and output process, by utilizing the wifi from NodeMCU ESP32 as a link between the device and a cellphone or computer to be able to open the WebApp dashboard. On the WebApp dashboard, there is information on recording electricity rates every month, and there are options to reset bills and change billing limit notifications. A message will appear if the account exceeds the limit, and the OLED screen will continue to live. Electricity bill rates are automatically reset every month, and the data will be stored, which can be seen on the WebApp dashboard.
Sensitivity Analysis of Online Game Addiction Model
Authors: Maulana Dimas Avian 
Published: December 2023

The rapid advancement of the internet has led to some shifts in daily activities. Some conventional activity is now slowly shifted to online, including playing online games. Online games have both impacts, positive and negative. The advantage of online games is to help people communicate with other parties anywhere and anytime in the world. On the other hand, the negative impact is an addiction which leads to losing track of time and neglecting their responsibilities. This study aims to analyse online game addiction using a mathematical model. The mathematical model used is the SEAR model with four compartments, susceptible, exposed, addiction and recovery. The population of this study is limited to cases of addiction to online games on gadgets and ignores the factor of having professional players (e-sports). We obtained the basic reproduction number is , which means that online game addiction does not occurs in the population. Sensitivity analysis showed that the rate of susceptible gamer to be exposed gamer and the rate of individuals who addicted to online game are the parameter which prone to change. The numerical simulation also shown that the change in α brings an impact to the overall dynamics.
Memes Virales: narrativas de la pandemia desde la inteligencia colectiva
Authors:   ", Bañuelos Capistrán Jacob ,   UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA METROPOLITANA UNIDAD CUAJIMALPA", Saldaña Ramírez Carlos , Pérez Salazar Gabriel , Benassini Félix Claudia , Martínez Martínez Rodrigo , Acedo Benito Noelia , Horta Gómez Julio 
Published: December 2023

Memes Virales: narrativas de la pandemia desde la inteligencia colectiva	This book seeks to provide theoretical reflections on how to approach the study of the meme with theoretical foundations and conceives the meme as the expression of a historical documentary memory produced by an anonymous citizenry that carries out practices of visual appropriation and resignification. Correspondingly, about the socio-digital practices and processes that gave rise to the meme during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The essays contained in the book are theoretical-methodological approaches to the study of the meme, a complex object of study that yields multiple edges, resonances and social, political, aesthetic, communicational and cultural implications.
Clear aligner therapy procedures and protocols of orthodontists in New Zealand
Authors: Meade Maurice J. , Weir Tony 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
To survey clear aligner therapy (CAT) procedures and protocols of orthodontists in New Zealand.

Methods
One hundred and ten full members of the New Zealand Association of Orthodontists were invited to complete an e-survey. The questions related to respondent demographics, aligner choice and use, CAT planning and treatment protocols, case selection, patient-reported CAT problems and relevant respondent opinions. The reasons for respondents not providing CAT were also surveyed.

Results
The response rate was 70%. Most respondents (88.3%; N = 68) reported that they used CAT as a treatment modality with 43.15% (N = 29) treating between 1 and 20 patients per year. The predominant CAT system was the Invisalign appliance (70.3%; N = 45) with 49.2% (N = 32) stating that they used more than one CAT system. The respondents reported the areas which were always or mostly in need of amendment prior to acceptance of the CAT treatment plan were attachments (75.6%; N = 50) and final tooth positions (62.1%; N = 41). A median of 0% (IQR: 0, 1) of initial digital treatment plans were approved without changes according to the respondents with a median of 90% (IQR: 80, 99) of CAT patients requiring an additional aligner phase. Almost 80% (78.1%; N = 50) indicated that they were not comfortable in treating cases with increased overbite and 66.7% (N = 44) rarely or never carried out premolar extractions when using CAT. A remote monitoring system was mostly or always used by 32.4% (N = 21) of respondents in conjunction with CAT. Concern regarding patient compliance with CAT protocols was expressed by 43.5% (N = 22). That fixed appliances provided better treatment outcomes was a moderate or major influence on the decision of all respondents (N = 8) who did not provide CAT.

Conclusion
Although CAT provision by orthodontists is commonplace among orthodontists in New Zealand, there is wide variation in its usage and procedures.
Possibility of contrast-free MR-perfusion using in differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumor
Authors: Bogomolov D. Y. , Mozokina K. S. , Mukhamatullina E. Z. , Kapustin V. V. 
Published: December 2023

Contrast-free MR-perfusion of "labeled arterial blood spins" ("ASL-perfusion") is an MR-technology for qualitative and quantitative assessment of tissue perfusion properties based on of arterial blood proton spins labeling by radiofrequency pulses and their subsequent measurement when passing through the area of interest. The most of ASL-perfusion application clinical data referred to central nervous system diseases diagnostics, but some works showing the effectiveness of this technique in assessment of skeletal muscle perfusion and diagnostics of soft tissue tumors appeared recently.Two presented clinical cases (soft tissue tumor and post-traumatic benign changes) demonstrate the possibility of this technique usage to assess vascularization of pathological changes in hip soft tissues.
The main directions of measuring the quality of life of the rural population of the Kulundinsky district of the Altai Territory (Russia) using methods of mathematization of sociology
Authors: Popov Evgeniy Aleksandrovich , Zamyatina Olga Nikolaevna , Pustovalova Elena Valer'evna , Koda Egor Aleksandrovich , Zamyatin Ivan Denisovich 
Published: December 2023

The article considers the possibility of measuring the quality of life of the rural population using the author's formulas on the example of the Kulundinsky district of the Altai Territory. The data obtained during the sociological research were integrated into the author's formulas and used to calculate the quality of life index and the real quality of life. The methodology of this work was based on a combination of structural functionalism and a systematic approach. The article presents the results of the author's sociological research, which was conducted in the period from 2022 to 2023. The empirical data obtained became the basis for the derivation and application of the author's formulas for the quality of life. In addition, the data obtained make it possible to reflect the current state of affairs in modern rural areas, as well as to characterize the quality of life of the rural population both in terms of objective and subjective components of quality of life. The process of researching the quality of life was carried out both by quantitative methods – a mass survey in the form of a questionnaire n=954, and by qualitative methods – a focus group n=108, an expert survey in the form of an in-depth interview n = 30, and an analysis of documents was also applied. The novelty of this work lies in measuring the quality of life of the rural population by applying two formulas: the quality of life index and the real quality of life. The results of the calculations completely coincide with the real state of affairs in the modern village, which gives the author the right to consider them workable and actually operating. The special value of this work lies in the possibility of extrapolating the methodology of this sociological study, in particular, the formulas of quality of life to other districts of the Altai Territory, as well as to other regions. This will allow the authorities to pinpoint and quickly identify problems in certain areas and resolve them promptly, which will lead to a further increase in objective and subjective indicators of the quality of life in modern rural areas.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF DESIGNING PANELS OF MEDIUM THICKNESS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE POST-BUCKLING BEHAVIOR WHILE ENSURING THE CRITERIA OF STATIC STRENGTH
Authors: Митрофанов О.В. , Торопылина Е.Ю. 
Published: December 2023

Рассмотрено закритическое поведение прямоугольных панелей средней толщины с учетом анализа мембранных и изгибных напряжений. Приведены актуальные задачи определения минимальных толщин при проектировании композитных и металлических панелей с учетом геометрически нелинейного поведения при обеспечении критериев статической прочности при сжатии и сдвиге с учетом получения минимальных запасов.
The post-buckling behavior of rectangular panels of medium thickness is considered, taking into account the analysis of membrane and bending stresses. The actual tasks of determining the minimum thicknesses in the design of composite and metal panels are given, taking into account geometrically nonlinear behavior while providing criteria for static compressive and shear strength, taking into account the minimum reserves.