bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A water‐soluble Irgacure 2959‐based diallylammonium salt system for antibacterial coatings
Authors: Balaban Burcu , Tatar Pinar , Acar Havva Yagci , Avci Duygu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA water‐soluble mixture of a novel diallylammonium salt photoinitiator based on 2‐hydroxy‐1‐[4‐(2‐hydroxyethoxy) phenyl]‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanone (Irgacure 2959 or I2959) and diallylammonium tosylate has been prepared. It shows excellent water‐solubility of 6.8 wt% in water, much greater than the solubility of I2959 (<2 wt%). It has a strong absorbance at 269 nm (ε ~ 15731) in methanol. It exhibits 15.6 times higher migration stability than I2959 due to its monomeric nature. Its photoinitiating efficiency of 2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, Mn = 575 D) was found to be similar to I2959. PEGDA hydrogels prepared using the synthesized photoinitiator (PI) were found to have highly porous structures (15.44 μm) compared with those using I2959. PEGDA film prepared using this PI has demonstrated antibacterial properties against gram‐negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442) and gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 23235) bacterial species.
Rapid coating of millimeter‐scale hydrogel capsules with interfacial polymerization
Authors: Pan Chenchen , Huang Wei , Gong Shuyao , Zhao Jinchao , Huang Leping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA rapid and mild coating strategy was applied on the millimeter scale calcium alginate capsules (Ca‐SA caps) by in situ interfacial polymerization of ethyl cyanoacrylate (ECA). The generated poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) (PECA) coating was initiated by trace water in the surface of the Ca‐SA caps. The effects of ECA content, reaction time, and type of aromatic solvent on the morphology and control‐release property of the resulting PECA‐coated Ca‐SA caps (Ca‐SA caps@PECA) were investigated. The results demonstrated a white PECA layer successfully coated on the surface of Ca‐SA caps. Notably, the Ca‐SA caps@PECA remained consistently pleasing spherical shape as prepared in methylbenzene and ethylbenzene. When the ECA was 6 mL, the thickness of PECA layer of the Ca‐SA caps@PECA was 43.52 μm. Compared with the Ca‐SA caps, the weight retention ratio of water in the Ca‐SA caps@PECA increased by 254.61%, indicating the effective delay of water diffusion from core of the Ca‐SA caps@PECA. Moreover, the PECA coating improved the stability of the Ca‐SA caps@PECA, which achieved release‐controlling of dye at different pH. This method provides solution for surface modification of fragile hydrogel capsules to effectively control the releasing of liquid core, which is highly valuable in the field of food, cosmetic, and medical delivery.
The synthesis of biphenyl ether/vanillin‐based flame retardants for enhancing both the flame retardant properties and mechanical performance of epoxy resin
Authors: Huang Xin , Cai Haopeng , Gao Lihua , Mao Yangwen , Huang Wanyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImparting good flame retardancy and mechanical properties to epoxy resin (EP), while pursuing the sustainable and safe application of EP, we synthesized a novel reactive phosphorus/nitrogen flame retardant for biomass through nucleophilic addition reaction, which contains flexible ether bonds and rigid aromatic ring structure (DVD). Owing to the cooperative effect of aryl ether diamine, phosphorus phenanthrene, and biomass vanillin, the DVD exhibited excellent flame retardancy. EP/DVD‐1 (0.4 wt% phosphorus content) achieved UL‐94 V‐0 rating, with an improvement in limiting oxygen index value from 26.5% (pure EP) to 32.5%. In the CCT, the modified DVD EP showed a 44.5% reduction in peak peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and a 38.0% reduction in total heat release compared to pure EPs. And flame retardant epoxy resin (FREP) still had good transparency after the addition of DVD, which indicated the nice compatibility between DVD andEP. What was noteworthiness was that at high levels of addition, the mechanical properties of modified EP for DVD was still improved compared to pure EP. These results demonstrate that DVD is an excellent and multifunctional bio‐based flame retardant with broad application prospects in the field of EP material modification.
Demonstration and STEM Analysis of Ferroelectric Switching in MOCVD‐Grown Single Crystalline Al0.85Sc0.15N
Authors: Wolff Niklas , Schönweger Georg , Streicher Isabel , Islam Md Redwanul , Braun Nils , Straňák Patrik , Kirste Lutz , Prescher Mario , Lotnyk Andriy , Kohlstedt Hermann , Leone Stefano , Kienle Lorenz , Fichtner Simon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWurtzite‐type Al1−xScxN solid solutions grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition are for the first time confirmed to be ferroelectric. The film with 230 nm thickness and x = 0.15 exhibits a coercive field of 5.5 MV cm−1 at a measurement frequency of 1.5 kHz. The single crystal quality and homogeneous chemical composition of the film are confirmed by X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopic methods such as time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Annular bright field scanning transmission electron microscopy serves to prove the ferroelectric polarization inversion at the unit cell level. The single crystal quality further allows to image the large‐scale domain pattern of a wurtzite‐type ferroelectric for the first time, revealing a predominantly cone‐like domain shape along the c‐axis of the material. As in previous work, this again implies the presence of strong polarization discontinuities along this crystallographic axis, which can be suitable for current transport. The domains are separated by narrow domain walls, for which an upper thickness limit of 3 nm is deduced but which can potentially be atomically sharp. The authors are confident that these results will advance the commencement of the integration of wurtzite‐type ferroelectrics to GaN as well as generally III‐N‐based heterostructures and devices.
Investigating the status of whole‐body donation across the United States of America
Authors: Bagian Lauren K. , Wyatt Taylor B. , Mosley Claudia F. , Balta Joy Y. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDissection of human body donors is a valuable part of anatomical education, research, and clinical training. In the United States, deceased human bodies are predominantly sourced through whole‐body donation programs (BDPs) housed by academic institutions. Due to the lack of information regarding BDPs, the aim of this study was to gather information from US BDPs through a survey to better understand the donation process and standard operating procedures of these programs. In 2021, a Qualtrics survey was distributed to 125 BDPs and yielded responses from 72 program leaders. Collectively, these programs received more than 26,000 whole‐body donations annually. Findings show that 70% typically receive enough donations to fit the needs of their institutions, 17% receive a surplus of donations, and 13% receive too few donations. Sixty‐eight percent of programs permit next of kin body donation regularly or in times of need, and 44% allow next of kin to make changes to a donor's donation form after death. On average, over 85% of the registered donor population is composed of white individuals, and only 6 institutions have methods in place to promote diversity among their donor population. Overall, there is considerable variability in the operation of BDPs across the United States. These findings can be used to make recommendations about donor enrollment and program operations to ultimately improve the donation process. Future research needs to investigate the opinions and preferences of body donors along with their next of kin on the body donation process and associated policies.
An interdisciplinary course on computer‐aided drug discovery to broaden student participation in original scientific research
Authors: Stratton Christopher , Christensen Avery , Jordan Chelsey , Salvatore Brian A. , Mahdavian Elahe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe present a new highly interdisciplinary project‐based course in computer aided drug discovery (CADD). This course was developed in response to a call for alternative pedagogical approaches during the COVID‐19 pandemic, which caused the cancellation of a face‐to‐face summer research program sponsored by the Louisiana Biomedical Research Network (LBRN). The course integrates guided research and educational experiences for chemistry, biology, and computer science students. We implement research‐based methods with publicly available tools in bioinformatics and molecular modeling to identify and prioritize promising antiviral drug candidates for COVID‐19. The purpose of this course is three‐fold: I. Implement an active learning and inclusive pedagogy that fosters student engagement and research mindset; II. Develop student interdisciplinary research skills that are highly beneficial in a broader scientific context; III. Demonstrate that pedagogical shifts (initially incurred during the COVID‐19 pandemic) can furnish longer‐term instructional benefits. The course, which has now been successfully taught a total of five times, incorporates four modules, including lectures/discussions, live demos, inquiry‐based assignments, and science communication.
The implementation of an active inquiry learning centered “7E” teaching mode in the cell biology course enhances the learning effects of postgraduate students
Authors: Han Jingjing , Zhang Lina , Yang Liucai , Luo Yougen , Yao Ruiqin , Qu Xuebin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of science postgraduate education is to foster students' capacity for creative thinking and problem‐solving, particularly in the context of scientific research quality. In order to achieve this goal, the “7E” teaching mood has been implemented in the cell biology course for postgraduate students to promote student‐centered active inquiry learning instead of breaking away from traditional indoctrination‐based teaching methods. This study demonstrates that the implementation of the “7E” teaching mode, through content programming, process design, and effect evaluation, effectively meets the needs of the majority of students, fosters their interest in learning, enhances their performance in comprehensive questioning, and enhances their innovative abilities in scientific research. Consequently, this research offers a theoretical framework and practical foundation for the development of the “7E” teaching mode in postgraduate courses, aiming to cultivate highly skilled scientific professionals.
Assessment of flusilazole residues on apples: Detection, quantification and health risk implications
Authors: Amin Zakir , Sheikh Parveez Ahmad , Jan Ishrat , Summuna Baby , Mohiddin Fayaz Ahmad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractApple, a major fruit of temperate Himalayas, is sprayed with chemical pesticides around 12 times during the cropping season. Various systemic and contact fungicides are applied for the management of major diseases. In order to manage disease, flusilazole 40 EC is frequently used. However, excessive chemical application has been found to be detrimental for consumer safety. Keeping in view consumer safety, risk assessment, the half‐life and waiting period for flusilazole 40 EC were evaluated on the Red Velox variety of apple. The QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method and high‐performance liquid chromatography were adapted for sample processing and analysis, respectively. The recovery percentages of flusilazole at three fortification levels (0.04, 0.09 and 0.50 mg kg−1) were 98.85, 99.83 and 98.98%, respectively. Flusilazole at the recommended dose (80 g a.i. ha−1) left an initial deposit of 0.733 mg kg−1, which dissipated by 93.45% in 60 days and was non‐detectable beyond this period. Meanwhile flusilazole at double the recommended dose (160 g a.i. ha−1) left an initial deposit of 0.913 mg kg−1, which dissipated by 93.43% in 70 days and was non‐detectable beyond this period. Based on the maximum residue limit of 0.3 mg kg−1 as prescribed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, a waiting period of 28.74 and 46.03 days was recorded for single and double doses, respectively. Moreover, in order to assess the consumer risk, theoretical maximum residue contributions (TMRCs) were derived using flusilazole residues (average and maximum) recorded at various time intervals and compared with the maximum permissible intake, which was found to be 0.42 mg per person per day. Based on the average per capita daily consumption of 6.76 g apple in India, the TMRC values were computed. Although the values of TMRC decreased below maximum permissible intake at the first day after application, indicating minimal consumer health risks, fruits sprayed with a double dose of flusilazole carried the risk even up to the tenth day after flusilazole application. The results of the present study will be valuable for safe and timely use of flusilazole on apple.
History of the hip joint pectineofoveal fold
Authors: St‐Pierre M. O. , Sobczak S. , Olry R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough Josias Weitbrecht described the retinacula of the hip joint in his 1742 Syndesmologia, the anatomist Cesare Amantini of Perugia specifically studied the medial retinacula he referred to as the pectineofoveal fold in a late 19th‐century monograph. This particular synovial fold stretches from the lesser trochanter to the osteocartilaginous junction of the femoral head along a virtual line connecting the lesser trochanter and the fovea for the ligament of the head. Although mentioned by some anatomists and radiologists, and despite its possible involvement in specific hip joint pathologies (fractures, impingements), it is surprising that Amantini's pectineofoveal fold remains ignored by most anatomy and clinical anatomy books. This study aims to verify if Cesare Amantini effectively drew attention to this synovial fold for the first time and coined the term “pectineofoveal fold,” as well as determine whether most classical textbooks (i.e., published from 1890 to 2017) acknowledge the discovery and include it in the description of the hip joint. A possible evolutionary link between this synovial fold and the ambiens and pectineus muscles exists and should be discussed.
BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53 germline and somatic variants and clinicopathological characteristics of Brazilian patients with epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Richau Caroline Stahnke , Scherer Nicole de Miranda , Matta Bruna Palma , de Armas Elvismary Molina , de Barros Moreira Fábio Carvalho , Bergmann Anke , Pereira Chaves Claudia Bessa , Boroni Mariana , dos Santos Anna Claudia Evangelista , Moreira Miguel Angelo Martins 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 3/4 of ovarian cancers are diagnosed in advanced stages, with the high‐grade epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) accounting for 90% of the cases. EOC present high genomic instability and somatic loss‐of‐function variants in genes associated with homologous recombination mutational repair pathway (HR), such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, and in TP53. The identification of germline variants in HR genes in EOC is relevant for treatment of platinum resistant tumors and relapsed tumors with therapies based in synthetic lethality such as PARP inhibitors. Patients with somatic variants in HR genes may also benefit from these therapies. In this work was analyzed the frequency of somatic variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53 in an EOC cohort of Brazilian patients, estimating the proportion of variants in tumoral tissue and their association with progression‐free survival and overall survival.MethodsThe study was conducted with paired blood/tumor samples from 56 patients. Germline and tumoral sequences of BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53 were obtained by massive parallel sequencing. The HaplotypeCaller method was used for calling germline variants, and somatic variants were called with Mutect2.ResultsA total of 26 germline variants were found, and seven patients presented germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2. The analysis of tumoral tissue identified 52 somatic variants in 41 patients, being 43 somatic variants affecting or likely affecting protein functionality. Survival analyses showed that tumor staging was associated with overall survival (OS), while the presence of somatic mutation in TP53 was not associated with OS or progression‐free survival.ConclusionFrequency of pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (12.5%) was lower in comparison with other studies. TP53 was the most altered gene in tumors, with 62.5% presenting likely non‐functional or non‐functional somatic variants, while eight 14.2% presented likely non‐functional or non‐functional somatic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2.
Treatment of psychiatric comorbidities and interaction patterns in Coffin‐Siris syndrome: A case report of a 4‐year‐old girl
Authors: Jahnke‐Majorkovits Ann‐Christin , Fauth Christine , Gander Manuela , Sevecke Kathrin 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageCoffin‐Siris syndrome (CSS) is a rare genetic disorder and often co‐occurs with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum (ASD). The present case study illustrates possible therapeutic interventions of these common psychiatric comorbidities taking into account the family interaction patterns. This can contribute to improve holistic management and overall level of functionality.
Acquired von Willebrand syndrome in a patient with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance: A case report
Authors: Gupta Garima , Veedu Janeesh Sekkath , Chahine Zena , Iragavarapu Chaitanya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMonoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance associated acquired von Willebrand syndrome is a serious bleeding condition driven by immunological clearance of von Willebrand factor and has limited treatment options. We present a patient who achieved durable remission through eradication of the monoclonal paraprotein with clonal directed therapy with bortezomib.
Governance of noncommunicable diseases in Afghanistan
Authors: Neyazi Narges , Mosadeghrad Ali M. , Tajvar Maryam , Safi Najibullah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundNoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the main reasons of mortality worldwide. One of every two person is dying due to NCDs in Afghanistan. International policy actors, mainly the World Health Organization (WHO), published several reports and declarations on controlling and preventing NCDs. This study aimed to provide a situation for governance of NCDs in Afghanistan and proper solutions for identified challenges.MethodsWe conducted qualitative research utilizing interpretive phenomenology. A self‐developed questionnaire was developed to conduct the semi‐structured interviews with 39 experts from Afghanistan. The results were analyzed using a deductive framework analysis. Six building block framework of health system developed by the WHO was used as predefined framework for this study.ResultsThe governance building block of health system consists of five subthemes including policy making, planning, organizing, stewardship, and control. We identified main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges for these subthemes. The experts also provided key recommendations to address the challenges.ConclusionsManagement of NCDs is a neglected part of the health system in Afghanistan. Strengthening evidence‐based policy making with technical and indigenous planning, establishing responsive units with adequate financial and human resources within different ministries to address “health in all policies” concept, passing and implementing national laws and regulations to support national strategies for prevention and control of NCDs, and establishing decentralized monitoring systems to control the implementation of these strategies are the main recommendations of this study. Local government and international policy actors should invest and support the development of a multisectoral coordination system at national level for Afghanistan.
Versatile Palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular cyclization to access new luminescent azaphosphaphenalene motifs
Authors: Simoens Andreas , Kaczmarek Anna M. , Machado Ian P. , Van Hecke Kristof , Stevens Christian V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUsing a straightforward sequence of diphosphonylation and a Pd‐catalysed concerted‐metalation‐deprotonation (CMD), a synthetic strategy towards polyaromatic phosphorus containing heterocycles was developed. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of new azaphosphaphenalenes, using easily accessible palladium catalysts and starting materials. The key tetrahydroquinoline intermediates of the reaction were synthesised via a fast and effective procedure and could be isolated as such, or further reacted towards the target polyaromatic structures. The obtained products showed interesting luminescent properties and their emission, excitation and quantum yields were evaluated.
Chemical Design of Supramolecular Reversible Adhesives for Promising Applications
Authors: Wang Wenbo , An Zixin , Wang Zhao , Wang Shutao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSupramolecular reversible adhesives have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications in various fields. These adhesives exhibit remarkable properties such as reversible adhesion, self–healing, and high flexibility. This concept aims to present a comprehensive overview of the current research progress in developing supramolecular reversible adhesives. Firstly, the fundamentals of supramolecular chemistry and the principles underlying the design and synthesis of reversible adhesive systems are discussed. Next, the concept focuses on characterizing the reversible adhesion strength of supramolecular adhesive systems that have been developed. The adhesion performance of supramolecular reversible adhesives is summarized, highlighting their unique characteristics and promising applications. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives in the field of supramolecular reversible adhesives are discussed. The comprehensive overview provided in this concept aims to inspire further research and innovation in this exciting field.
Additive Manufacturing of Metal Load‐Bearing Implants 1: Geometric Accuracy and Mechanical Challenges
Authors: Zanetti Elisabetta M. , Fragomeni Gionata , Sanguedolce Michela , Pascoletti Giulia , Napoli Luigi De , Filice Luigino , Catapano Gerardo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) of load‐bearing metal implants allows sustainable production of personalized implants with complex shapes and inner architectures. Implants must meet strict requirements to not harm patients, and production technique must certify their performance. Available materials, many production parameters and implant personalization on patient's needs represent limits of AM. Layer‐by‐layer material deposition and repeated thermal cycles typical of AM may also cause discontinuities between layers affecting implant mechanical features, and its match to the host body. In this paper the mechanical challenges that AM must overcome to replace traditional manufacturing techniques are discussed, in order to better understand whether AM has to be limited to implant personalization for exceptional cases.