bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Fasting and Vitamin D Levels: A New Dimension in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevention and Management—A Brief Report
Authors: Nair Pradeep M.K. , Silwal Karishma , Kodali Prakash Babu , Tewani Gulab Rai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction Studies link hypovitaminosis D to be significantly associated with poor glycemic control, heightened inflammation, and risk of complications. Studies recommend fasting or calorie restriction as a useful measure to achieve diabetic reversal. The present study explores if therapeutic fasting is associated with improvement in the vitamin D levels and other clinical outcomes related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods This observational study included 26 T2DM patients exposed to a 10-day medically supervised fasting (≈ 500–1000 Kcal/day) in a complementary medicine facility. Levels of vitamin D, B12, fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood pressure, anthropometric measures, World Health Organization Quality of Life, disease perception (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), and self-reported vitality were measured at the baseline and the 10th day.
Results Significant improvement in the levels of vitamin D (p = 0.000), B12 (p = 0.03), and reduction in FBS levels (p = 0.001), blood pressure, body mass index, waist and hip circumference (p ≤ 0.05), and improvement in quality of life, vitality, and disease perception (p < 0.001) were observed by the end of 10th day. FBS shared a negative correlation with vitamin D levels (males r = –0.1, females r = –0.48).
Conclusion The present findings provide insights into the probable mechanisms by which therapeutic fasting modulates the progression of T2DM. Nevertheless, large-scale randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate the present findings.
Text complexity and translation styles from the perspective of individuation: a case study of the English translations of Pipa Xing
Authors: Yu Yingchen , Chang Chenguang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the translation styles from the perspective of text complexity and to elucidate underlying factors contributing to the formation of stylistic differences based on individuation. Using SysFan and SPSS22.0 as tools, a combined quantitative and qualitative approach is employed to comparatively analyze the lexical density and grammatical intricacy across the renowned ancient Chinese poem Pipa Xing 琵琶行and its nine English translations. The findings reveal that while the translations exhibit comparable levels of lexical density, disparities in complexity primarily manifest in terms of grammatical intricacy, reflecting distinct text features: spoken, written, and mixed spoken and written, as well as varying degrees of hierarchical and narrative features. The variations in translation styles are intricately linked to the individuation process undergone by translators. The translator’s individuation process is modeled to show how a translator mobilizes the meaning resources in the repertoire, which is constrained by the allocation of the cultural reservoir, to re-instantiate the source text in the translated text, while constructing affiliation with the target-reader community. Different translators’ allocated repertoires ultimately shape their conscious or unconscious choices in terms of lexicogrammar, thereby generating translated texts characterized by diverse styles.
Superconductivity of cubic MB6 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs)
Authors: Chen Shi , Xie Hui , Xu Dan , Chen Jiajin , Cao Bohan , Liang Min , Sun Yibo , Gai Xiaoqian , Wang Xinwei , Yang Mengxin , Zhang Mengrui , Duan Defang , Li Da , Tian Fubo 
Published: January 2024

Previous studies have shown that NaB6, KB6, and RbB6 adopting Pm3̄m are superconductors with a relatively high Tc under ambient conditions. In this paper, we conducted systematic structural and related properties research on CsB6 through a genetic evolution algorithm and total energy calculations based on density functional theory between 0 and 20 GPa. Our results reveal a cubic Pm3̄m CsB6, which is dynamically stable under the pressures we studied. We systematically calculated the formation enthalpies, electronic properties, and superconducting properties of Pm3̄m MB6 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs). They all exhibit metallic features, and boron has high contributions to band structures, density of states, and electron–phonon coupling (EPC). The calculated results about the Helmholtz free energy difference of Pm3̄m CsB6 at 0, 10, and 20 GPa indicate that it is stable upon chemical decomposition (decomposition to simple substances Cs and B) from 0 to 400 K. The phonon density of states indicates that boron atoms occupy the high frequency area. The EPC results show that Pm3̄m CsB6 is a superconductor with Tc = 11.7 K at 0 GPa, close to NaB6 (13.1 K), KB6 (11.7 K), and RbB6 (11.3 K) at 0 GPa in our work, which indicates that boron atoms play an essential role in superconductivity: vibrations of B6 regular octagons lead to the high Tc of Pm3̄m MB6. Our work about Pm3̄m hexaborides provides a supplementary study on the borides of the group IA elements (without Fr and Li) and has an important guiding significance for the experimental synthesis of CsB6.
Exploring the conformational landscape, hydrogen bonding, and internal dynamics in the diallyl ether and diallyl sulfide monohydrates
Authors: Silva Weslley G. D. P. , Poonia Tamanna , van Wijngaarden Jennifer 
Published: January 2024

The conformational spaces of the diallyl ether (DAE) and diallyl sulfide (DAS) monohydrates were explored using rotational spectroscopy from 6 to 19 GHz. Calculations at the B3LYP-D3(BJ)/aug-cc-pVTZ level suggested significant differences in their conformational behavior, with DAE-w exhibiting 22 unique conformers and DAS-w featuring three stable structures within 6 kJ mol−1. However, only transitions from the lowest energy conformer of each were experimentally observed. Spectral analysis confirmed that binding with water does not alter the conformational preference for the lowest energy structure of the monomers, but it does influence the relative stabilities of all other conformers, particularly in the case of DAE. Non-covalent interaction and quantum theory of atoms in molecules analyses showed that the observed conformer for each complex is stabilized by two intermolecular hydrogen bonds (HBs), where water primarily interacts with the central oxygen or sulfur atom of the diallyl compounds, along with secondary interactions involving the allyl groups. The nature of these interactions was further elucidated using symmetry-adapted perturbation theory, which suggests that the primary HB interaction with S in DAS is weaker and more dispersive in nature compared to the primary HB in DAE. This supports the experimental observation of a tunneling splitting exclusively in the rotational spectrum of DAS-w, as the weaker contact allows water to undergo internal motions within the complex, as shown based on calculated transition state structures for possible tunneling pathways.
The Guesthouse Phenomenon in the Maldives – Development and Issues
Authors: Shenaan Mohamed , Schänzel Heike 
Published: January 2024

Summary
The tourism industry in the Maldives has long been dominated by the “one island, one resort” model, where luxury resorts on uninhabited islands kept tourists isolated from local communities. However, recent legislative changes have opened up new opportunities for community-based tourism (CBT) with the establishment of guesthouses on inhabited islands. This shift aims to increase local participation in the tourism sector and has led to greater interaction between tourists and the island communities. The guesthouse industry has witnessed rapid growth, surpassing the number of resorts, providing more affordable options for visitors, and offering the potential for economic and social benefits for local communities.
Despite the benefits, the lack of clear guidelines and varying sizes and facilities of guesthouses has caused confusion among stakeholders and tourists. The increased interaction between conservative local communities and tourists has also led to conflicts.
This case study is based on a research project conducted in September 2019 exploring the sustainable development opportunities and challenges of the guesthouse tourism industry in the Maldives. Extensive in person interviews were conducted with tourists staying at three local island islands in the country, as well as guesthouse operators and managers from the same islands.

Information
© The Authors 2024
Experiencing Cambodia’s Living Arts through Tourism
Authors: Bigby Bobbie Chew , Pathirana Madura Thivanka , Chhuon Sarin 
Published: January 2024

Summary
Experience Cambodian Living Arts (CLA) was a nightly program showcasing traditional Cambodian arts to tourists while providing employment opportunities to artists. Produced by the Cambodia-based non-profit organization CLA for nearly a decade, this program used tourism as a platform for sharing traditional arts while also earning revenue to support other arts initiatives and providing employment to several of its arts students.
This case study offers a glimpse into the arts-based programming of CLA, an organization based in Cambodia that has worked to revitalize traditional arts and inspire younger generations to engage with the arts over the past 25 years. ‘Experience CLA’ was one of the organization’s programs that offered nightly performances of traditional dance, music and performing arts between 2011 and 2020. These performances stood at the heart of CLA’s efforts in sharing traditional arts with international visitors through tourism, providing a platform for employment to young Cambodian artists, as well as helping the organization to earn revenue. However, due to the impact of COVID-19 on tourism as well as CLA adopting a new mission and vision that positioned it as more of an arts catalyst, rather than as an arts provider, the ‘Experience CLA’ program came to an end in 2020 as the organization began to shift its role in the Cambodian arts community.

Information
© The Authors 2024
Energy and angular distributions in 250 eV electron and positron collisions with argon atom
Authors: Tőkési K , DuBois R D 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present energy and angular differential cross sections for single-ionization in collisions between electrons and positrons with argon atoms at 250 eV. We treat the collision classically using the three body approximation where the target atoms are described within the single active electron approximation using a Garvey model potential and only the outermost electron is involved in the collision dynamics. Our present classical trajectory Monte Carlo model is shown to describe the ionization cross sections reasonably well and agree with existing experimental data. We show that the energy distributions, both for electron and positron impact, have the same shape and structure. In contrast, the angular distributions for electron and positron impact behave completely different which it maybe be attributed to the projectile-target core interaction. We present also the ionization probabilities as a function of impact parameter. We found that for the case of positron impact the distribution is symmetric, while for the case of electron impact the distribution is asymmetric.
Active smectics on a sphere
Authors: Nestler Michael , Praetorius Simon , Huang Zhi-Feng , Löwen Hartmut , Voigt Axel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The dynamics of active smectic liquid crystals confined on a spherical surface is explored through an active phase field crystal model. Starting from an initially randomly perturbed isotropic phase, several types of topological defects are spontaneously formed, and then annihilate during a coarsening process until a steady state is achieved. The coarsening process is highly complex involving several scaling laws of defect densities as a function of time where different dynamical exponents can be identified. In general the exponent for the final stage towards the steady state is significantly larger than that in the passive and in the planar case, i.e. the coarsening is getting accelerated both by activity and by the topological and geometrical properties of the sphere. A defect type characteristic for this active system is a rotating spiral of evolving smectic layering lines. On a sphere this defect type also determines the steady state. Our results can in principle be confirmed by dense systems of synthetic or biological active particles.
An intelligent water supply pipeline leakage detection method based on SV-WTBSVM
Authors: Guo Xiaoting , Song Huadong , Zeng Yanli , Chen Honghe , Hu Wenguang , Liu Guanlin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Water supply pipeline leakage not only wastes resources but also causes dangerous accidents. Therefore, detecting the state of pipelines is a critical task. With the expansion of the scale of the water supply pipeline, the amount of data collected by the leak detection system is gradually increasing. Moreover, there is an imbalance of sample in the data. This makes the detection performance of traditional leakage detection methods deteriorate. To solve the above issues, this paper proposes a pipeline leakage intelligent detection method based on a support vector weighted twin-bound support vector machine (SV-WTBSVM). Noise in the data negatively affects the performance of the classifier. To eliminate the effect of noise, a hybrid denoising algorithm based on improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN) is used for denoising to filter out the noise in the data. Twin bound support vector machine (TBSVM) is a classical classification algorithm that has been widely used in the detection of pipeline leakage. To solve the decrease in classification accuracy caused by sample imbalance, the SV-WTBSVM algorithm oversamples the minority class samples based on the distance density and integrally undersamples the majority class samples to obtain a balanced sample. Since pipelines often have multiple working conditions, the SV-WTBSVM used for binary classification cannot meet this requirement, and this paper combines the SV-WTBSVM with the ‘one-to-one’ strategy to address the multi-classification problem. Finally, experiments have verified that the SV-WTBSVM algorithm not only retains the advantages of fast training speed and simple operation of the TBSVM but also improves the classification accuracy and generalization ability of the algorithm when dealing with imbalanced data.
Phase sensitive detection for embedded sensors
Authors: Machado M M , Ribeiro E Parente 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The measurement of some physical properties requires detection of both amplitude and phase of an applied test signal. In portable sensors, this needs to be performed locally with integrated analog circuits or digital processing. Wireless sensor network allows the measurements over wide areas but raises a challenge of using efficient algorithm for phase sensitive detection (PSD) in nodes with constrained processing capacity. It is not straightforward to compare different PSD methods because their performance is closely related to the fine tuning of their parameters such as filter order and cut-off frequency. We propose a methodology to compare several PSD methods subjected to the same response time to assess its ability to provide accurate estimation in the presence of noise. We also determine the computational complexity of the investigated methods in terms of the number of operations required. We investigate both continuous and windowed operation. The methods were tested through simulations and verified using a dedicated embedded system. Our findings demonstrate that Goertzel algorithm rendered the best results, with smaller estimation error and less computation complexity.
A new look at orbits
Authors: Hughes Stephen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Many people assume that the orbits of the planets are far more elliptical than they actually are. However, the orbits of all the planets with the exception of Mercury and Mars are nearly perfect circles. If the orbits of the planets are modeled as 26 inch bicycle wheels, the deviation from a perfect circle is less than one millimeter. The Earth’s orbit around the Sun is normally depicted as being highly elliptical in order to teach students about Kepler’s laws. This has been identified as a possible source of the misconception that it is warmer in summer than winter because the Earth is closer to the Sun. A possible way forward is to first teach students that the orbit of the Earth is essentially circular, like a bicycle wheel, and that seasons are due to the tilt of the Earth’s axis of rotation, and then switch to exaggerated elliptical orbits to teach Kepler’s laws.
Exploring multiferroicity, half-metallic phase, and curie temperature in X = B/C/N/F-Doped KNbO3: a DFT aspect
Authors: Anar Rafia , Nazir S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Multiferroic materials provide an astonishing platform for next-generation spintronic devices such as magnetoresistive random access memory. Herein, ferroelectric, electronic, and magnetic properties of the pristine and X = B/C/N/F-doped KNbO3 (KNO) perovskite oxides are explored using ab initio calculations along with modified Becke-Johnson potential, where X is doped at O-site (X@O) in both KO- and NbO2-layers. Our calculations revealed that the pristine motif is a non-magnetic insulator having an energy band gap (E

g
) of 2.80 eV and spontaneous polarization (P) of 41 μCcm−2, which are close to the experimentally observed values of 3.34 eV and 37 μCcm−2, respectively. The computed enthalpy of formation and elastic parameters confirm the thermodynamic and mechanical strength of the doped configurations, respectively. It is established that X-dopants significantly reduce structural distortions and have negative influence on the value of P. The most distinctive feature of the current work is that the B/N-doped KNO system for X@O in the KO-layer exhibits n-type half-metallic (HM) ferromagnetic (FM) behavior with an E

g
of 1.46/2.96 eV which is sufficiently large enough to prevent any magnetic transition. In contrast, C and F-doped structures are FM insulator and n-type non-magnetic metallic, respectively. Along with this, X = B/C/N-doped KNO system for X@O in the NbO2-layer displayed FM insulating nature, while the F-doped motif becomes an n-type non-magnetic metallic. The total magnetic moment for the B/N-doped structure is 1.0, which also hints the HM FM behavior. Finally, the estimated Curie temperature using the Heisenberg 2D Hamiltonian model in magnetic doped structures is found to be high enough to be used for practical purposes.
Detailed investigation of the structural and electrical properties of ZnO/Fe3O4 nanocomposites
Authors: Alasmari Aeshah , Alshehri Khairiah , Azab A A , Solyman Samir 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The nanocomposites with the formula (1-x)ZnO+xFe3O4 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.7 and 0.09) were prepared using the sonomechanical method, while the pristine ZnO and Fe3O4 were prepared using the co-precipitation technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and a high-resolution broadband impedance analyzer were used to examine the structural, microstructure, and dielectric properties of the investigated samples. XRD analysis assures the wurtzite hexagonal structure of ZnO for all nanocomposite samples. The FTIR showed the existence of a functional group of ZnO and Fe3O4. The ac conductivity, dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss (ε′), electric modulus, impedance, and Nyquist plot were studied as a function of frequency and at different temperatures. The results show that the small concentration of Fe3O4 affects the ac conductivity and dielectric properties. The Koops phenomenological theory and the Maxwell-Wagner interfacial model were used to analyze the observed dielectric dispersion. The analysis of modulus and impedance results indicated the existence of non-Debye relaxation and the involvement of both grains and grain borders in polarization. The impedance study reveals that just one semicircle is observed in all samples, indicating that the influence of grain boundaries is more significant than the contribution of grains.
Three-wave lump solutions and their dynamic behaviors for the (3+1)-dimensional constant-coefficient and variable-coeffcient differential equations
Authors: Feng Yexuan , Zhao Zhonglong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we propose two theorems to illustrate the types of equations that can be solved using the quadratic function method to derive the lump solutions localized in the whole plane, which are called three-wave lump solutions, and provide two constant-coefficient equations to illustrate. We further extend the quadratic function method to the variable-coefficient differential equations and obtain the three-wave lump solutions for two (3+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient equations. Moreover, the amplitudes of these lump waves and the distances between the two valleys of each lump are also obtained. Meanwhile, the motion trails, displacements and the velocities of these lump waves are analyzed in detail by virtue of numerical simulation. The study can be used to describe the motion of nonlinear waves in shallow water under the influence of time, and the results can enrich the types of solutions for the KdV-type equations. In addition, the 3d plots and corresponding density plots of the lump waves are displayed to show their spatial structures.
Hyperfine splitting and ferromagnetism in CdS : Mn nanoparticles for optoelectronic device applications
Authors: Darekar Madhavi Sharad , Beekanahalli Mokshanatha Praveen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Manganese (Mn) doped cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanoparticles were synthesized using a chemical method. It was possible to decrease CdS : Mn particle size by increasing Mn concentration. Investigation techniques such as ultraviolet−visible (UV−Vis) absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used to determine optical properties of CdS : Mn nanoparticles. Size quantization effect was observed in UV−Vis absorption spectra. Quantum efficiency for luminescence or the internal magnetic field strength was increased by doping CdS nanoparticles with Mn element. Orange emission was observed at wavelength ~630 nm due to 4T1 → 6A1 transition. Isolated Mn2+ ions arranged in tetrahedral coordination are mainly responsible for luminescence. Luminescence quenching and the effect of Mn doping on hyperfine interactions in the case of CdS nanoparticles were also discussed. The corresponding weight percentage of Mn element actually incorporated in doping process was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Crystallinity was checked and the average size of nanoparticles was estimated using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. CdS : Mn nanoparticles show ferromagnetism at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show spherical clusters of various sizes and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns show the polycrystalline nature of the clusters. The electronic states of diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) of Ⅱ−Ⅵ group CdS nanoparticles give them great potential for applications due to quantum confinement. In this study, experimental results and discussions on these aspects have been given.