bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction to Social Aggression
Authors: Goldstein Naomi E. S. , Serico Jennifer M. , Haney-Caron Emily , Giallella Christy L. , Kalbeitzer Rachel , Zelechoski Amanda D. , Riggs Romaine Christina L. , Kemp Kathleen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents the participant materials for Session 3 of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls. This session offers an introduction to social aggression and its effects. Physical aggression and social aggression are differentiated. Social aggression can include spreading rumors, leaving someone out, talking behind someone’s back, giving the silent treatment, and making fun of someone. The participant feedback form allows participants to reflect on examples of situations of social aggression. These situations include being ignored by one’s best friend after they started hanging out with a new group of friends, and bad-mouthing one’s friend after fighting about money that they owe.
Recognition of Anger
Authors: Goldstein Naomi E. S. , Serico Jennifer M. , Haney-Caron Emily , Giallella Christy L. , Kalbeitzer Rachel , Zelechoski Amanda D. , Riggs Romaine Christina L. , Kemp Kathleen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides the participant materials for Session 5 of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls. This session focuses on recognizing anger. In particular, it teaches participants to identify body signs (“hot spots”) and pay attention to their body’s reactions to anger. One’s tone of voice, body language, and facial expressions may change when one is starting to feel angry. Understanding these body signs keeps one from reacting too quickly and allows one to come up with a way to deal with the situation without getting into trouble. The participant feedback form allows participants to reflect on examples of situations where they can practice identifying body reactions to anger.
Introduction to Problem-Solving
Authors: Goldstein Naomi E. S. , Serico Jennifer M. , Haney-Caron Emily , Giallella Christy L. , Kalbeitzer Rachel , Zelechoski Amanda D. , Riggs Romaine Christina L. , Kemp Kathleen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides the participant materials for Session 11 of the Juvenile Justice Anger Management (JJAM) Treatment for Girls. This session provides an introduction to the concept of problem-solving. The material teaches participants to think through problems when they are angry and to figure out the best option. Making the best choice means thinking about all the possible prices and rewards of a decision. The participant feedback form allows participants to reflect on examples of situations where they can practice problem-solving. For instance, a possible consequence for beating up someone at school who threatened one’s friend is getting kicked out of school for fighting.
Safety and Efficacy of 25 mg/kg and 35 mg/kg vs 10 mg/kg Rifampicin in Pulmonary TB: A Phase IIb Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Perumal Kannabiran Bhavani , Palaniappan Natarajan Alangudi , Manoharan Tamizhselvan , Paramasivam Paul Kumaran , Saini Jitendra Kumar , Ansari Mohammed Soheb , Jayabal Lavanya , Aggarwal Ashutosh N , Garg Rajiv , Subramanyam Balaji , Thakur Deepika , Pantula Shilpa , P M Ramesh , GS Vijayachandar , Natarajan Saravanan , Ammayappan Radha Krishnan , Manpreet Bhalla , Ganesan Mangalambal , Angamuthu Dhanalakshmi , Chinnaiyan Ponnuraja , Singh Manjula , Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini , Swaminathan Soumya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Globally, no trial data are available on head-to-head comparison between 10 mg/kg and 25/35 mg/kg rifampicin in treating pulmonary tuberculosis during study initiation.

Methods
A multicentric, phase IIb randomized trial recruited 333 new culture-positive, drug-sensitive adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis to compare safety and efficacy of high-dose rifampicin (R25/R35), against conventional dose (R10) given daily for 8 weeks followed by standard doses for 16 weeks. Main outcomes were treatment-emergent grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) and time-to-culture conversion in liquid media, assessed by division of AIDS system for grading the severity of adverse events division of AIDS criteria and Kaplan-Meier methods.

Results
In a modified intention-to-treat population of 323 patients (R10: 105/R25: 112/R35: 106), grade 3/4 AEs were reported in 34 patients (R10: 9.5% [10/105], R25: 9.8% [11/112], R35: 12.3% [13/106]) during the intensive phase. Among 23 patients (R10: 3.8% [4/105], R25: 6.3% [7/112], R35: 11.3% [12/106]) with grade 3/4 hepatotoxicity, 15 (R10: 1.9% [2/105], R25: 3.6% [4/112], R35: 8.5% [9/106]) had grade 3/4 hyperbilirubinemia and 9 patients (R10: 1.0% [1/105], R25: 0.9% [1/112], R35: 6.6% [7/106]) developed clinical jaundice. Significant differences observed only between R10 and R35 with hepatotoxicity (P = .039), hyperbilirubinemia (P = .031), clinical jaundice (P = .032), and treatment interruption (P = .039). Eighteen serious AEs and 6 deaths (R10: 3/R25: 1/R35: 2) occurred during study period. Time to stable culture conversion in liquid media was faster in R25 (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–2.31 [solid: 1.97; 95% CI, 1.46–2.67]) and R35 (1.81; 95% CI, 1.33–2.48 [solid: 2.24; 95% CI, 1.64–3.06]), than R10 (34 vs 44 days). R25 had no failure/relapse.

Conclusions
Hepatotoxicity, clinical jaundice, and treatment interruptions occurred significantly higher with R35 than R10. Because R25 was comparably safe as R10 and also highly efficacious than R10, it may be considered for implementation.
Clinical Trials Registration. CTRI/2017/12/010951.
The Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of the 2023 Dengue Outbreak in Bangladesh
Authors: Sharif Nadim , Sharif Nazmul , Khan Afsana , Dey Shuvra Kanti 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The ongoing 2023 dengue outbreak is the worst ever case reported in Bangladesh. There is a lack of epidemiological studies on the outbreak. A 2-tailed t test was performed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. We found about 277 801 cases and 1393 deaths from the 2023 dengue outbreak. About 52% of the cases were from outside of Dhaka. The male:female ratio was about 3:2. The highest frequency of cases was found among people aged 19–29 years (28.7%, 79 673 of 277 801; P = .001). The overall case fatality rate (CFR) was 0.5%. The highest CFR was found among children aged 0–10 years (12%). Fever (99%) was the most prevalent, followed by joint pain (86%). We found significantly higher odds of fatalities (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.21; 95% CI, 3.93–4.74; P = .05), cases (aOR, 3.85; 95% CI, 3.25–4.12; P = .001) and hospitalizations (aOR, 3.26; 95% CI, 3.11–4.04; P = .006) during the 2023 outbreak compared with previous outbreaks during 2008–2022. This is one of the early reports of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of ongoing dengue outbreak.
Debt relief for households in developing economies
Authors: Indarte Sasha , Kanz Martin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Households in developing economies have greater access to formal credit today than at any point in history, owing to the global expansion of microfinance and recent innovations in consumer finance, such as digital lending. While this has improved the ability to smooth consumption and invest in productive activities, it has also raised concerns about over-indebtedness. Against this background, this article reviews and extends the literature on debt relief for households in developing countries. We begin by laying out a simple stylized model that illustrates the costs and benefits of debt relief and use the model to guide our review of the evidence on various relief policies, such as debt forbearance, debt forgiveness, and personal bankruptcy. We additionally present survey evidence from a population of microfinance and bank borrowers with recent exposure to debt relief. The results highlight that an important channel through which discretionary debt relief policies, which are common in developing countries, affect credit market outcomes is their impact on borrower expectations. The development of legal bankruptcy institutions that offer a rules-based avenue to discharge unsustainable debts can reduce such distortions and alleviate the credit market inefficiencies that have often accompanied debt relief initiatives in developing economies.
Restoration of the Functional nif Gene Cluster by Complex Recombination Events during Heterocyst Development in the Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. NIES-4101
Authors: Uesaka Kazuma , Banba Mari , Chiba Sotaro , Fujita Yuichi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the genome of the heterocystous cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. NIES-4101 (NIES-4101), the four genes essential for nitrogen fixation (nifB, nifH, nifD and nifK) are highly fragmented into 13 parts in a 350-kb chromosomal region, and four of these parts are encoded in the reverse strand. Such a complex fragmentation feature makes it difficult to restore the intact nifBHDK genes by the excision mechanism found in the nifD gene of the Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 heterocyst. To examine the nitrogen-fixing ability of NIES-4101, we confirmed that NIES-4101 grew well on a combined nitrogen-free medium and showed high nitrogenase activity, which strongly suggested that the complete nifBHDK genes are restored by a complex recombination process in heterocysts. Next, we resequenced the genome prepared from cells grown under nitrogen-fixing conditions. Two contigs covering the complete nifHDK and nifB genes were found by de novo assembly of the sequencing reads. In addition, the DNA fragments covering the nifBHDK operon were successfully amplified by PCR. We propose that the process of nifBHDK restoration occurs as follows. First, the nifD–nifK genes are restored by four excision events. Then, the complete nifH and nifB genes are restored by two excision events followed by two successive inversion events between the inverted repeat sequences and one excision event, forming the functional nif gene cluster, nifB-fdxN-nifS-nifU-nifH-nifD-nifK. All genes coding recombinases responsible for these nine recombination events are located close to the terminal repeat sequences. The restoration of the nifBHDK genes in NIES-4101 is the most complex genome reorganization reported in heterocystous cyanobacteria.
LGBTQIA+ Cultural Competence in Physical Therapy: An Exploratory Qualitative Study From the Clinician’s Perspective
Authors: Hofmann Melissa C , Mulligan Nancy F , Bell Karla A , Condran Chris , Scarince Hannah J , Gulik Eileen , He Vivian , Hill Felix , Wolff Erin , Jensen Gail 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to understand the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, agender, and other gender and sexually diverse identities (LGBTQIA+) health care experience and associated cultural competence from the physical therapist perspective (physical therapist and physical therapist assistant).

Methods
An exploratory qualitative approach implementing semi-structured focus groups and private interviews was utilized. To further anonymity, researchers allowed subjects to keep their camera off on Zoom. An interview protocol included questions guided by Campinha-Bacote domains of cultural competence (cultural awareness, skill, knowledge, encounter, and desire) to collect individual experiences, stories, discussions, thoughts, and opinions. Physical therapist clinicians were recruited from the clinical education affiliation lists of Regis University and Thomas Jefferson University. Seventy-one practicing physical therapists from the USA agreed to be part of the study.

Results
Themes were organized using the Social Ecological Model Framework. Themes are in parentheses following each level of the Social Ecological Model and include intrapersonal level (psychological stress and implicit and explicit biases), interpersonal (acceptance and competency), organizational (experience), community (advocacy), and society and policy (explicit biases and policy).

Conclusion
Cultural competence in physical therapy is influenced by intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and social and policy factors. Themes of psychological stress, limited awareness, decreased acceptance, and competency as well as limited exposure and experience, and a lack of advocacy and broader societal and policy issues prevent adequate LGBTQIA+ cultural competency of physical therapist providers. Further research in the physical therapist profession is needed to elaborate on the student, educator, and patient perspectives and how this information informs the LGBTQIA+ cultural competence of clinicians.

Impact
This project may have a significant impact on suggestions for the delivery of content for health profession education to best impact health equity goals and save lives. Implementation of this content may have a direct impact on health disparities in LGBTQIA+ populations by reducing stigma and discrimination from health care providers, thus improving quality of health care and decreasing rates of patient mortality for LGBTQIA+ individuals.
Racial and ethnic determinants of psoriatic arthritis phenotypes and disease activity
Authors: Haberman Rebecca H , Ahmed Tasneem , Um Seungha , Zhou Ying Yin , Catron Sydney , Jano Kathryn , Felipe Adamary , Eichman Stephanie , Rice Alexandra L , Lydon Eileen , Moussavi Sarah , Neimann Andrea L , Reddy Soumya M , Adhikari Samrachana , Scher Jose U 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
Individuals of racially and ethnically diverse backgrounds are underrepresented in PsA research/clinical trials, despite evidence that their disease presentation, severity and course may be distinct. Here we aim to describe how race, ethnicity and other socioeconomic factors inform disease characteristics in PsA.

Methods
A total of 817 consecutive patients with PsA from a large, diverse metropolitan area were enrolled in an observational, longitudinal registry. Demographics, medical history, medication use and psoriatic disease phenotype and activity were all recorded and analysed.

Results
The population was 77.4% non-Hispanic White, 2.2% Black, 7.1% Asian and 9.9% identified as other races or multiracial, and 11.8% identified as Hispanic. Hispanic and non-white individuals had higher tender joint counts (P = 0.033), with similar swollen joint counts (P = 0.308) and medication use (P = 0.171). They also had high rates of radiographic axial disease. Hispanic individuals were significantly more likely to have higher tender joint counts (P = 0.029), higher RAPID3 (Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3) scores (P = 0.004) and moderate–severe psoriasis (P = 0.010) compared with non-Hispanic White individuals.

Conclusion
In this diverse cohort, 22.6% of patients identified as underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups, mostly Asian or Hispanic. Despite similar swollen joint counts and medication use, non-white individuals have higher tender joint counts compared with White individuals. Phenotypically, they also were more likely to have radiographic axial involvement. These findings may reflect differences in PsA presentation, experience and outcomes in individuals of various racial and ethnic groups, which need to be taken into consideration in clinical care and research design.
Roadmap to the ‘Chronic Pain GPS for Adolescents’ Intervention
Authors: Linkiewich Delane , Dib Katherine C. , Forgeron Paula A. , Dick Bruce D. , McMurtry C. Meghan 
Published: February 2024

Objectives:
A biopsychosocial approach to understand and treat pain is crucial; however, there are limited socially-targeted interventions for adolescents with chronic pain. Peer support interventions implemented with other populations are associated with positive outcomes. Adolescents with chronic pain perceive peer support to have high potential value. This study explored the preferences of adolescents with chronic pain regarding the content and design of a group peer support intervention.

Methods:
Fourteen adolescents with chronic pain (Mage: 15.21 y; 9 females; 3 males, 1 non-binary, 1 gender questioning) completed a virtual interview and survey. Interviews were analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis and surveys were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results:
Adolescents described how they want to both talk and do activities together within a fun and casual environment with a facilitator present - ideally someone with lived experience of chronic pain. Preferences were for a medium sized group intervention that was in-person, at a consistent time on a weekday after school, and semi-structured. Barriers to attending and engaging in the potential group peer intervention were also discussed.

Discussion:
Adolescents with chronic pain desire a facilitated socially-focused intervention that provides them with the opportunity to spend time with other adolescents with chronic pain. A group peer support environment where adolescents with chronic pain can provide and receive peer support through sharing their experiences with others who understand them as well as engage in activities was described. The findings from this study provide insights for the development of a group peer support intervention.
Natural History of IntraDiscal Vacuum Phenomenon and its role in Advanced Disc Degeneration
Authors: Cawley Derek T , Simpkin Andrew , Abrahim Elizabeth , Doyle Thomas , Elsheikh Nada , Fallon John , Habash Mohammed , Phua Rou Jiing , Langille Jaimie , Matini Elvis , McNamee Conor , Mohamed Fayhaa , Nic Gabhann Cliona , Noorani Ali , Oh Jieun , O’Reilly Padraig , O’Sullivan David , Devitt Aiden 
Published: February 2024

Study Design.
Observational serial CT analysis of the lumbar spine in a normal-aging population.

Objective.
Assess the natural history of IntraDiscal Vacuum Phenomenon and its role in disc degeneration. Summary of Background Data: The natural history of disc degeneration is well described but our understanding of the end stage of pathogenesis remains incomplete. MRI loses accuracy with advanced degeneration, becoming hyporesonant and indistinct. Cadaveric specimens display adaptive changes in the disc with loss of the hydrostatic capacity of the nucleus, increased intra-discal clefts and end-plate impermeability. IDVP is associated with advanced disc degeneration and CT is the optimal modality to visualise this, yet these insights remain unreported.

Methods.
Subjects only included historic CT abdomen scans of those over 60 years of age without acute or relevant spinal pathology, with a diagnosis of at least one level with IDVP on the original CT scan and all of whom had a similar scan >7 years later. A history of clinically significant back pain was also recorded.

Results.
CT scans included 360 levels in 29 males and 31 females (mean 68.9 years), displaying 82 levels of IDVP, with a second scan included after a mean of 10.3 years, Most levels displayed the same level of severity (persisted, 45) compared to where some progressed (26), regressed (8) and fused (3) (P<0.01). There was also an increased incidence, 37/60 (62%) of developing IDVP at another level. Disc heights were reduced with increased severity of IDVP. A record of back pain was evident in 31/60 subjects, which was not significantly worse in those with worsening severity or additional level involvement over the study period.

Conclusion.
As disc degeneration advances, the associated IDVP persists in most cases, displaying a plateauing of severity over long periods, but rarely with progression to autofusion.
Simultaneous Versus Staged Surgery for Double Crush Syndrome of Cervical Radiculopathy and Peripheral Nerve Compression at the Wrist
Authors: Byvaltsev Vadim A. , Kalinin Andrei A. , Polkin Roman A. , Kuharev Alexander V. , Almatov Marat S. , Aliyev Marat A. , Riew K. Daniel 
Published: February 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective single-center study.

Objectives.
To evaluate the results of surgical treatment in patients with double crush syndrome associated with cervical radiculopathy and upper limb peripheral nerve compression after staged and simultaneous operations.

Summary of Background Data.
Currently, choosing the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for treating patients with double crush syndrome remains unresolved.

Methods.
The study included 79 patients with double crush syndrome (cervical radiculopathy and syndrome of Guyon’s canal or Carpal tunnel syndrome). Two independent groups were studied: In the Staged Group (n=35), we performed a cervical decompression with stabilization and peripheral nerve decompression at separate days due to ongoing clinical symptoms (average interval between interventions being 22 (18;26) days). In the simultaneous group (n=33), we performed both the cervical spine surgery as well as the peripheral nerve procedures in one surgical session. Total operative time, estimated blood loss, length of hospitalization, complications, and clinical data (NDI score, SF-36, VAS neck pain score, VAS arm pain score, Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, and Macnab scale) were compared. We used the Mann-Whitney (MW) test for intergroup comparisons, the Wilcoxon criterion for dependent samples, and the Fisher exact test for binomial parameters.

Results.
There was a significantly lower operative time, duration of inpatient treatment, and temporary disability in the simultaneous group (P=0.01, P=0.04, and P=0.006, respectively). Comparative analysis did not reveal significant intergroup differences using NDI, VAS, and DASH (P>0.05), whereas, at discharge, significantly better clinical parameters were appreciated for the simultaneous group using SF-36 and Macnab scores (P=0.04 and P=0.03, respectively). At the last follow-up, an intra-group analysis revealed comparable clinical effectiveness between the two approaches (P>0.05).

Conclusion.
Comparison of the effectiveness of simultaneous and staged surgery revealed comparable long-term clinical outcomes. However, simultaneous surgery conveys clinically important advantages in terms of surgical time, anesthesia duration, length of hospitalization, and patient disability.

Level of Evidence.
3