bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive neighbourhood mapping: developing a powerful tool for child protection
Authors: Nelson Sarah , Baldwin Norma 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis paper proposes ‘comprehensive neighbourhood mapping’ as a schema for gathering and interpreting information within a given geographical area which is informed by imaginative thinking about the safety of children and young people from sexual crime. It would build upon current forms of profiling by local authorities, health authorities and central Government. CNM would actively involve local people, in partnership with agencies, in ‘mapping’ danger points and support points. Eight components are discussed, including environmental issues, locations of sex offenders, sites where teenagers meet and share information, supportive individuals and organizations. Some issues for pilot projects are discussed, including the need to set up planning and implementation groups and to integrate CNM into wider child protection and community safety strategies. CNM is grounded in an ecological perspective which sees partnership approaches as essential and believes an overarching view of neighbourhood needs, based on detailed local information and understanding of how different forms of harm interconnect, is crucial in developing child protection strategies. At times of acute official anxiety about community ‘lynch‐mob’ reactions to known paedophiles, CNM aims to build communities which instead are informed and thoughtful about child protection. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coronary stent strut avulsion in aorto‐ostial in‐stent restenosis: Potential complication after cutting balloon angioplasty
Authors: Wang Huang‐Joe , Kao Hsien‐Li , Liau Chiau‐Suong , Lee Yuan‐Teh 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe report a case of stent strut avulsion by the cutting balloon during the withdrawal of the deflated balloon catheter in aorto‐ostial in‐stent restenosis, which was managed successfully by another stent. The proposed mechanisms and recommendations to avoid this rare complication are provided. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:215–219. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stent supported angioplasty for coronary arterial stenosis following the arterial switch operation
Authors: Abhaichand Rajpal , Morice Marie‐Claude , Bonnet Damien , Sidi Daniel , Bonhoeffer Philippe 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe present a case of a patient who underwent stent‐supported angioplasty for left main bifurcation disease following the arterial switch operation. Prior to this procedure, the patient underwent surgical repair of the left coronary ostium and subsequently coronary artery bypass surgery with an arterial graft to the left anterior descending artery. We could not find a similar report in the literature. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:278–280. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A case of transradial carotid stenting in a patient with total occlusion of distal abdominal aorta
Authors: Yoo Byung‐Su , Lee Seung‐Hwan , Kim Jang‐Young , Lee Han‐Hyo , Ko Ji‐Yean , Lee Bong‐Ki , Hwang Sung‐Oh , Choe Kyung‐Hoon , Yoon Junghan 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe report a case with severe carotid stenosis in which carotid stenting was performed via the radial artery due to total occlusion of distal abdominal aorta. The radial approach offers a potential alternative in cases in which the femoral approach is problematic. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:243–245. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effective plaque removal with a new 8 French‐compatible atherectomy catheter
Authors: Takagi Takuro , Di Mario Carlo , Stankovic Goran , Reimers Bernhard , Alberti Alessandro , Liistro Francesco , Kovalenko Oksana , Sgura Fabio , Albiero Remo , Ribichini Flavio , Pugno Alessandro , Colombo Antonio 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the new 8 Fr guide catheter‐compatible Flexicut directional atherectomy device and to compare it with the conventional Atherocath GTO catheter. The 6 Fr Flexicut catheter has a larger cutting window and a titanium nitride‐coated cutter to effect more tissue removal as well as treat mildly calcified lesions. A group of 143 lesions in 117 consecutive patients treated with the Flexicut catheter in four centers were compared with a control group of 277 lesions in 212 consecutive patients treated with the GTO device. Postatherectomy luminal diameters were larger (2.92 ± 0.79 vs. 2.52 ± 0.64 mm; P < 0.0001), with more luminal gain (relative gain: 0.58 ± 0.24 vs. 0.48 ± 0.25; P = 0.0007) using fewer directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) cuts (12 ± 7 vs. 16 ± 9; P = 0.0001) in the Flexicut group. A residual diameter stenosis < 20% immediately after DCA was obtained in 77% of the lesions in the Flexicut group vs. 45% in the GTO group (P < 0.0001). Histology in the former group revealed large calcium speckles in the retrieved specimens. In the Flexicut group, there was a lower incidence of access site complications and damage to the coronary ostium (2.5% vs. 7.5%; P = 0.08). The new Flexicut catheter is more effective than the conventional GTO catheter with a trend for reduced guiding catheter‐related complications. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:452–459. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inflammatory markers and coronary interventions: A potentially useful follow‐up modality after stenting
Authors: Patti Giuseppe , Di Sciascio Germano , D'Ambrosio Andrea , Dicuonzo Giordano , Abbate Antonio , Dobrina Aldo 
Published: October 2002

AbstractPeriprocedural levels of various inflammatory markers have been correlated with prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. However, long‐term variations of interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra) or C‐reactive protein (CRP) during follow‐up after coronary interventions were not previously investigated. The aim of our study was to perform serial evaluations of these markers before and after coronary stenting and to correlate them with clinical status. Plasma levels of IL‐1Ra and CRP were measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months after the procedure in 31 patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease undergoing stent implantation, who had no evidence of myocardial ischemia at 6‐month follow‐up. While at 3 months there were no significant variations of baseline values, 6 months after the procedure a significant decrease from baseline was observed both in IL‐1Ra and CRP levels (median −24 pg/ml, P = 0.048, and −0.13 mg/dl, P = 0.017, respectively). Six‐month reduction in both IL‐1Ra and CRP levels was significant in patients with unstable angina (n = 18; IL‐1Ra: from 175 to 119 pg/ml, P = 0.001; CRP: from 0.52 to 0.18 mg/dl, P = 0.002) and nonsignificant in those with stable angina (n = 13) on admission (IL‐1Ra: from 123 to 158 pg/ml, P = 0.22; CRP: from 0.19 to 0.10 mg/dl, P = 0.44). In conclusion, a significant reduction of IL‐1Ra and CRP levels is observed 6 months after stent implantation in patients with preprocedural unstable angina who remain free of ischemia. This decrease suggests a stabilization of the inflammatory process and may be associated with a favorable prognosis after coronary interventions. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:341–345. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does stent design affect the long‐term outcome after coronary stenting?
Authors: Elbaz Meyer , El Mokhtar Elyes , Fourcade Joelle , Mourali Sami , Hobeika Robert , Carrié Didier , Puel Jacques 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to determine the clinical, angiographic, and procedural variables that predict the risk for 2‐year target lesion revascularization (TLR) and other clinical events in a large cohort of patients treated with coronary stenting. Between March 1996 and March 1999, 1,340 patients were prospectively enrolled. They underwent at least one stenting procedure with one of the four coronary stent types used during this time period in our institution: Wiktor‐I, Nir, Bard XT, or Tenax. Clinical follow‐up was obtained for 99.1% of eligible patients (mean, 19.38 ± 4.97 months). The overall TLR rate was 10.7% at 24 months. Two variables were independently associated with the long‐term outcome: MLD post stenting and stent type. Implantation of silicon carbide–coated stents was associated with a twofold decrease in 24‐month TLR (P < 0.01). The major adverse cardiac event rate at 2 years was 20.8%. Multivariate analysis showed that three parameters were predictive: diabetes (P < 0.002), recent onset of symptoms (P < 0.03), and high diffusion of coronary atherosclerosis as assessed by Gensini score (P < 0.0069). In conclusion, stent type, and particularly passive silicon carbide coating, appears to affect the 24‐month TLR rate but not other major cardiac events. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:305–311. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intracoronary brachytherapy
Authors: Nguyen‐Ho Phong , Kaluza Grzegorz L. , Zymek Pawel T. , Raizner Albert E. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractPatients presenting with in‐stent restenosis have an increased risk of need for repeat intervention. Intracoronary brachytherapy is indicated for these patients to prevent recurrent in‐stent restenosis. Three intravascular brachytherapy systems are currently FDA‐approved for use in patients: one utilizing gamma‐radiation (Cordis) and two using beta‐radiation (Novoste and Guidant). Current evidence and labeling do not support using intracoronary brachytherapy for prevention of restenosis in de novo lesions. Brachytherapy is absolutely contraindicated in patients unable to take prolonged combination antiplatelet drugs. Aspirin and a thienopyridine should be taken for 6 months if no new stent is placed and 12 months if a new stent is placed. If possible, new stent implementation should be avoided. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:281–288. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
No delayed restenosis at 18 months after implantation of sirolimus‐eluting stent
Authors: Tanabe Kengo , Degertekin Muzaffer , Regar Evelyn , Ligthart Jurgen M.R. , van der Giessen Willem J. , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractSirolimus‐eluting stent is emerging as a potential solution for the prevention of restenosis. Recently, a sustained suppression of neointimal proliferation 12 months after implantation of this stent was reported. This is the first report of angiographic and IVUS images 18 months after the implantation of a sirolimus‐eluting stent. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;57:65–68. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Application of the multivariate least squares regression method to PCR and maximum likelihood PCR techniques
Authors: Martínez Àngel , Riu Jordi , Rius F. X. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractReference analytical methods that provide correct concentration estimates are essential for building valid multivariate calibration models. These analytical methods sometimes provide concentration estimates with high levels of uncertainty, which may lead to wrong multivariate calibration models. This paper presents the multivariate least squares (MLS) regression method, which is used to regress the reference concentration estimates on the scores from the decomposition of the spectroscopic data on p factors or principal components. It considers the uncertainties in the reference concentrations and/or in the spectroscopic measurements. We have replaced the traditional multiple linear regression (MLR) method at the regression stage of both principal component regression (PCR) and maximum likelihood principal component regression (MLPCR) with the MLS regression method. We have compared prediction errors of the true concentrations from the validation step using the MLS regression method with those obtained using MLR. The true prediction errors greatly improve when the MLS technique is applied to the multivariate calibration methods for real and simulated data sets. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wavelet analysis applied to removing non‐constant, varying spectroscopic background in multivariate calibration
Authors: Tan Hu‐Wei , Brown Steven D. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractMultiresolution, the ability to separate signals according to frequency, is one of the main advantages offered by the wavelet transform. However, the coarsening of resolution associated with this method may be problematic in some applications. The ‘wavelet prism’ (WP) method proposed here can split the signal into different frequency components, which retain the original resolution of the signal. In conjunction with a maximum information gain criterion developed here, this new method can be used to judge and remove the low‐frequency non‐constant background variation reasonably and automatically. In this paper the theory and background concerning this wavelet baseline correction method are introduced. The method is successfully applied to simulated and real near‐infrared (NIR) spectral data to deal with non‐constant background for multivariate calibration. Its performance compares favorably with the current signal correction methods for background removal. The new method appears to be an efficient method for removal of non‐constant, varying spectroscopic background, leading to a simpler and more parsimonious multivariate linear model. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment and prognosis of thymic carcinoma
Authors: Ogawa Kazuhiko , Toita Takafumi , Uno Takashi , Fuwa Nobukazu , Kakinohana Yasumasa , Kamata Minoru , Koja Kageharu , Kinjo Takao , Adachi Genki , Murayama Sadayuki 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDThymic carcinomas are rare neoplasms, and information regarding the results of treatment and possible prognostic factors in patients with these tumors is limited.METHODSThe records of 40 patients with histologically confirmed thymic carcinoma who were treated between 1984 and 1998 were reviewed. Twenty‐seven patients were treated with surgical resection followed by radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy, and the remaining 13 patients were treated with radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. The median follow‐up time for the 13 surviving patients was 87 months (range, 44–193 months).RESULTSThe 5‐year and 10‐year actuarial overall survival rates in all patients were 38% and 28%, respectively. On univariate analysis, complete resection, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), histology, and Masaoka stage at the time of diagnosis were found to have a significant impact on overall survival, whereas on multivariate analysis, complete resection, KPS, and histology were found to be significant prognostic factors. With regard to the degree of resection, 12 of 16 patients (75%) treated with complete resection were alive and free of disease at the time of last follow‐up whereas 1 of 24 patients (4%) treated with incomplete resection or biopsy still was alive. Among 12 surviving patients treated with complete resection, 8 with resectable tumors at the time of presentation all had low‐grade histology (squamous cell carcinoma) and were treated successfully with complete resection and postoperative radiotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. The remaining four patients with unresectable tumors at the time of presentation were treated successfully with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, complete resection, and postoperative radiotherapy.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study indicate that multimodal treatment, especially complete resection and postoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy, is a curative therapy for thymic carcinomas. Cancer 2002;94:3115–9. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10588
Primary malignant neoplasms of the appendix
Authors: McCusker Margaret E. , Coté Timothy R. , Clegg Limin X. , Sobin Leslie H. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDCancer of the appendix is an uncommon disease that is rarely suspected rarely before surgery. Although several case series of these tumors have been published, little research has been anchored in population‐based data on cancer of the appendix.METHODSThis analysis included all actively followed cases of appendiceal neoplasms reported to the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End‐Results (SEER) program between 1973 and 1998. Tumors were classified as “colonic type” adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, goblet cell carcinoid, and “malignant carcinoid” (SEER only collects data on carcinoids specifically classified as malignant). We compared incidence, overall survival and survival rates by extent of disease at diagnosis.RESULTSBetween 1973 and 1998, 2117 appendiceal malignancies were reported to the SEER program, of which 1645 cases were included in the analysis. Age‐adjusted incidence of cancer of the appendix was 0.12 cases per 1,000,000 people per year. Demographic characteristics of patients with goblet cell carcinoid tumors were midway between those of patients with malignant carcinoid and all types of adenocarcinomas. After controlling for age and extent of disease at diagnosis, the overall survival rate for patients diagnosed between 1983 and 1997 (n = 1061) was significantly worse for those with signet ring cell carcinoma than for those with any other tumor type (P < 0.01). In addition, overall survival rates were better for patients with malignant carcinoid (P = 0.01).CONCLUSIONSDemographic characteristics of patients with cancer of the appendix vary by histology. Except for signet ring cell carcinoma and malignant carcinoid, the extent of disease at time of diagnosis is a more important predictor of survival than histology. Cancer 2002;94:3307–12. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10589
Clear cell sarcoma of tendons and aponeuroses in pediatric patients
Authors: Ferrari Andrea , Casanova Michela , Bisogno Gianni , Mattke Adrian , Meazza Cristina , Gandola Lorenza , Sotti Guido , Cecchetto Giovanni , Harms Dieter , Koscielniak Eva , Treuner Jorn , Carli Modesto 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDClear cell sarcoma (CCS) of tendons and aponeuroses is extremely rare in childhood and little information is available on its clinical management. Originally believed to be a type of melanoma of soft tissue origin, CCS is now considered a distinct clinicopathologic entity that behaves like a high‐grade soft tissue sarcoma. We report on a series of 28 pediatric patients treated from 1980 to 2000 by the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Italian Cooperative Group and the German Cooperative Group.METHODSPatients were treated with a multimodality therapeutic approach. Surgical resection was complete in 17 patients (mutilating in 3), radiotherapy was administered to 8 patients, and 20 patients received chemotherapy.RESULTSAfter a median follow‐up of 102 months (range, 19–238 months), the 5‐year and event‐free survival rates were 66.4% and 63.3%, respectively. Seventeen patients were alive in first remission, two were alive in second remission, and nine had died of disease. The response to chemotherapy in the 7 evaluable patients included one partial remission, one minor response, and five no responses. Radiotherapy contributed to achieving local control in four of six Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) Group II patients. Statistically significant differences in outcome were evident according to IRS group, tumor size, and site.CONCLUSIONSOur study confirms the aggressive behavior of CCS. Complete surgical resection represents the mainstay of treatment, and even the only treatment for patients with small tumors. Radiotherapy may control microscopic residual disease after surgery. Chemotherapy is ineffective and the prognosis is unfavorable for patients with unresectable and large tumors. Cancer 2002;94:3269–76. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10597
A phase II trial of gemcitabine in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Fuchs Charles S. , Clark Jeffrey W. , Ryan David P. , Kulke Mathew H. , Kim Haesook , Earle Craig C. , Vincitore Michele , Mayer Robert J. , Stuart Keith E. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere is no effective systemic therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. A recent trial reported a moderate antitumor activity for gemcitabine among Asian patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. This led to our examination of the efficacy and tolerability of the drug in a population of U.S. patients.METHODSThirty patients with measurable, unresectable, or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma who had received at least one previous form of systemic therapy were enrolled. All patients were required to have adequate major organ function and performance status. Patients received gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2 intravenously over 30 minutes weekly) for 3 consecutive weeks followed by a 1‐week rest. Patients were assessed radiographically every 8 weeks.RESULTSAll 30 patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. Ninety cycles of therapy were administered (median 2, range 1–8). No complete or partial responses were observed. Nine patients (30%) had stable disease (median duration 7.4 months, range 2–17). Median survival for all 30 patients was 6.9 months (95% confidence interval, 4.5–13.5) and the 1‐year survival rate was 40%. Mild hematologic toxicity occurred. Two patients (7%) developed Grade 4 neutropenia and one patient (3%) experienced Grade 3 thrombocytopenia. There were no episodes of febrile neutropenia. One patient who had previously undergone orthotopic liver transplantation developed hemolytic‐uremic syndrome that resolved with discontinuation of chemotherapy and plasmapheresis.CONCLUSIONSAlthough generally well tolerated, gemcitabine had minimal effect in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 2002;94:3186–91. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10607
Cyclooxygenase‐2 expression in endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Ferrandina Gabriella , Legge Francesco , Ranelletti Franco O. , Zannoni Gian F. , Maggiano Nicola , Evangelisti Antonella , Mancuso Salvatore , Scambia Giovanni , Lauriola Libero 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDCyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) is overexpressed in endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, but no data have been reported until now about the expression of COX‐2 and its possible clinical significance in endometrial carcinoma. We investigated by immunohistochemistry the expression of COX‐2 in a single institutional series of primary untreated endometrial carcinoma patients. The relationship between COX‐2 expression and microsatellite instability (MI) status was also analyzed.METHODSThe study was conducted on 69 primary untreated endometrial carcinoma patients who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Rome. Immunohistochemistry was performed by using rabbit polyclonal antiserum against human COX‐2. Analysis of MI was performed for 47 patients with endometrial carcinomas.RESULTSTwenty‐seven patients (39.1%) were scored as COX‐2 positive. COX‐2 positivity was higher (60.8%) in endometrial carcinoma with cervical or extrauterine involvement than in tumors limited to the corpus (28.3%; P = 0.0174). COX‐2 positivity increased from Grade 1 (13.6%) to Grade 2 (41.7%) to Grade 3 (60.9%) endometrial carcinoma (P = 0.0049). Interestingly, considering early International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage patients (n = 53), the percentage of COX‐2 positivity was higher in patients with deep myometrial invasion (66.7%) than in patients without or less than 50% myometrial invasion (15.6%) (P = 0.0003). No association between COX‐2 and MI status was found. COX‐2–positive patients showed a trend to a shorter disease‐free survival than COX‐2–negative patients (P = 0.09).CONCLUSIONSCOX‐2 is expressed in a high percentage of a large series of primary endometrial tumors and its expression may be associated closely with parameters of tumor aggressiveness The possible prognostic role of COX‐2 in endometrial carcinoma deserves further study. Cancer 2002;95:801–7. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10736