bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The air flow resistance of glass fibre filter paper
Authors: Wheat J. A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe air flow resistance of filter papers containing fine glass fibres was measured in the region of streamline flow. Average fibre diameters ranged from 0.18 to 14.4 microns and paper porosities from 0.75 to about 0.94. At atmospheric pressure, the data were correlated by the equation \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \Delta P = k\frac{{L\mu V}}{{g_c D_f^2 }}\frac{{\left({1 - \varepsilon } \right)}}{\varepsilon } $\end{document}which was derived from an expression for the drag force on an individual fibre perpendicular to the direction of flow. The resistance coefficient k varied with fibre diameter according to the empirical relationship

and was about 30 for the largest fibre diameter and 1.6 for the smallest.Two alternative methods are proposed for adapting the equation to pressures below atmospheric.
The decomposition of spent PETN nitration acids
Authors: Rodger I. , Mcirvine J. D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe decomposition of PETN in pure nitric acid and of spent acids from nitrating pentaerythritol (PE) was followed by a continuous differential temperature measurement against a blank. Decomposition was more rapid as the temperature was raised and attained a maximum rate between 65–75% HNO3. Spent nitrating acids decomposed more rapidly than pure acids with PETN, due to the presence of about 0.5% dipentaerythrital hexanitrate (DiPEHN) formed from dipentaerythritol in the original PE. The decomposition of PETN in nitric acids was strongly catalysed by NO2, especially at high acid strength. The course of the decomposition as deduced from this evidence appeared to embrace (1) hydrolysis, (2) oxidation of hydrolysis products liberating NO2, (3) destruction of PETN by a mechanism catalysed by NO2in which hydrolysis plays no part.
Prediction of the potentially suitable areas of Leonurus japonicus in China based on future climate change using the optimized MaxEnt model
Authors: Wang Yongji , Xie Liyuan , Zhou Xueyong , Chen Renfei , Zhao Guanghua , Zhang Fenguo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLeonurus japonicus Houtt. is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with high medicinal and edible value. Wild L. japonicus resources have reduced dramatically in recent years. This study predicted the response of distribution range of L. japonicus to climate change in China, which provided scientific basis for the conservation and utilization. In this study, 489 occurrence points of L. japonicus were selected based on GIS technology and spThin package. The default parameters of MaxEnt model were adjusted by using ENMeva1 package of R environment, and the optimized MaxEnt model was used to analyze the distribution of L. japonicus. When the feature combination in the model parameters is hing and the regularization multiplier is 1.5, the MaxEnt model has a higher degree of optimization. With the AUC of 0.830, our model showed a good predictive performance. The results showed that L. japonicus were widely distributed in the current period. The maximum temperature of warmest month, the min temperature of coldest month, the precipitation of wettest month, the precipitation of driest month, and altitude were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of L. japonicus. Under the three climate change scenarios, the suitable distribution area of L. japonicus will range shift to high latitudes, indicating that the distribution of L. japonicus has a strong response to climate change. The regional change rate is the lowest under the SSP126‐2090s scenario and the highest under the SSP585‐2090s scenario.
STAT6‐induced production of mucus and resistin‐like molecules in lung Club cells does not protect against helminth or influenza A virus infection
Authors: Ruhl Andreas , Antão Ana Vieira , Dietschmann Axel , Radtke Daniel , Tenbusch Matthias , Voehringer David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAirway epithelial cells contribute to a variety of lung diseases including allergic asthma, where IL‐4 and IL‐13 promote activation of the transcription factor STAT6. This leads to goblet cell hyperplasia and the secretion of effector molecules by epithelial cells. However, the specific effect of activated STAT6 in lung epithelial cells is only partially understood. Here, we created a mouse strain to selectively investigate the role of constitutively active STAT6 in Club cells, a subpopulation of airway epithelial cells. CCSP‐Cre_STAT6vt mice and bronchiolar organoids derived from these show an enhanced expression of the chitinase‐like protein Chil4 (Ym2) and resistin‐like molecules (Relm‐α, ‐β, ‐γ). In addition, goblet cells of these mice spontaneously secrete mucus into the bronchi. However, the activated epithelium resulted neither in impaired lung function nor conferred a protective effect against the migrating helminth Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Moreover, CCSP‐Cre_STAT6vt mice showed similar allergic airway inflammation induced by live conidia of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus and similar recovery after influenza A virus infection compared to control mice. Together these results highlight that STAT6 signaling in Club cells induces the secretion of Relm proteins and mucus without impairing lung function, but this is not sufficient to confer protection against helminth or viral infections.
Assessing the effects of agricultural waste returning on soil moisture characteristics
Authors: Yu Haiying , Zhao Wenju , Ma Feng , Zeng Kai , Ma Fangfang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAgricultural waste is an emerging and promising resource due to its abundant organic compounds and high water‐holding capacity. It plays a crucial role in improving soil water use efficiency and contributing to sustainable agricultural development. This study aimed to investigate the impact of returning agricultural waste on soil moisture characteristics. Different volume ratios (4:5:1:0, 3:5:1:1, 2:5:1:2, 1:5:1:3, and 0:5:1:4) of agricultural waste blend (AWB) consisting of cattle manure, yellow loam soil, wheat straw, and distiller's grains were examined, and the water‐holding performance of the five AWB ratios under various suction forces was compared. The analysis confirmed the suitability of the Van Genuchten‐Mualem model for fitting soil moisture characteristic curves at different ratios. The study also examined the influences of AWB ratios on soil‐specific water capacity, hydraulic parameters, and equivalent pore size. The results showed that agricultural waste effectively increased soil‐specific water capacity, available water content, soil WHC(Water‐holding capacity), and soil pore count. Furthermore, reducing cattle manure and increasing distiller's grains enhanced these effects. For instance, when the AWB ratio was 0:5:1:4, soil‐specific water capacity increased by 47.7%, while field WHC and available water content increased by 9.9% and 3.8%, respectively. Additionally, the number of extremely small and small pores increased by 1.4% and 0.77%, respectively. These findings provide valuable theoretical guidance for agricultural waste treatment and improving soil WHC. Based on the results, it is recommended to increase the proportion of distiller's grains and reduce organic fertilizer when using agricultural waste for improving soil WHC.
Sinonasal NUT carcinoma: A consecutive case series and systematic review
Authors: Ramesh Uma , Contrera Kevin J. , Shakibai Nasim , Su Shirley Y. , Brahimaj Bledi , Roberts Dianna , Williams Michelle D. , Ferrarotto Renata , Phan Jack , Gunn Gary Brandon , Raza Shaan , DeMonte Franco , Hanna Ehab Y. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundSinonasal NUT carcinoma is an extremely rare, lethal malignancy with limited literature.MethodsA case series was conduction of all patients with sinonasal NUT carcinoma at a single institution between 2010 and 2022. Survival and associated were evaluated. A systematic review of the literature was performed.ResultsIn 12 patients, followed for a median of 1.5 years, the median overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were both 14.6 months. Patients with maxillary sinus tumors were 91% more likely to survive (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.094, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.011–0.78, p = 0.011). Patients with higher‐stage disease stage had worse OS (stage IVb‐c vs. III‐IVa, p = 0.05). All three patients who were alive with no evidence of disease received induction chemotherapy.ConclusionFor patients with sinonasal NUT carcinoma, the median survival was 15 months but better with lower‐stage and maxillary tumors. Induction chemotherapy may be beneficial.
The effect of aspirin and eicosapentaenoic acid on urinary biomarkers of prostaglandin E2 synthesis and platelet activation in participants of the seAFOod polyp prevention trial
Authors: Sun Ge , Fuller Harriett , Fenton Hayley , Race Amanda D. , Downing Amy , Williams Elizabeth A. , Rees Colin J. , Brown Louise C. , Loadman Paul M. , Hull Mark A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUrinary prostaglandin (PG) E metabolite (PGE‐M) and 11‐dehydro (d)‐thromboxane (TX) B2 are biomarkers of cyclooxygenase‐dependent prostanoid synthesis. We investigated (1) the effect of aspirin 300 mg daily and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 2000 mg daily, alone and in combination, on urinary biomarker levels and, (2) whether urinary biomarker levels predicted colorectal polyp risk, during participation in the seAFOod polyp prevention trial. Urinary PGE‐M and 11‐d‐TXB2 were measured by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. The relationship between urinary biomarker levels and colorectal polyp outcomes was investigated using negative binomial (polyp number) and logistic (% with one or more polyps) regression models. Despite wide temporal variability in PGE‐M and 11‐d‐TXB2 levels within individuals, both aspirin and, to a lesser extent, EPA decreased levels of both biomarkers (74% [P ≤ .001] and 8% [P ≤ .05] reduction in median 11‐d‐TXB2 values, respectively). In the placebo group, a high (quartile [Q] 2‐4) baseline 11‐d‐TXB2 level predicted increased polyp number (incidence rate ratio [IRR] [95% CI] 2.26 [1.11,4.58]) and risk (odds ratio [95% CI] 3.56 [1.09,11.63]). A low (Q1) on‐treatment 11‐d‐TXB2 level predicted reduced colorectal polyp number compared to placebo (IRR 0.34 [0.12,0.93] for combination aspirin and EPA treatment) compared to high on‐treatment 11‐d‐TXB2 values (0.61 [0.34,1.11]). Aspirin and EPA both inhibit PGE‐M and 11‐d‐TXB2 synthesis in keeping with shared in vivo cyclooxygenase inhibition. Colorectal polyp risk and treatment response prediction by 11‐d‐TXB2 is consistent with a role for platelet activation during early colorectal carcinogenesis. The use of urinary 11‐d‐TXB2 measurement for a precision approach to colorectal cancer risk prediction and chemoprevention requires prospective evaluation.
Association between COVID‐19 and vaccination on menstrual cycle
Authors: Marcelino Ana C. , Fim Alana B. , da Cunha Pereira Paula , Monteiro Ilza , Darney Blair G. , Bahamondes Luis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate changes in the menstrual pattern of women of reproductive age infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) or vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).MethodsA cross‐sectional study at the University of Campinas, Brazil using Google questionnaire applied from December 2021 through February 2022, disseminated through snowball technique. Participants responded about characteristics of their menstrual cycle before the pandemic and before COVID‐19 vaccination, and then about characteristics of their cycle 3 months after infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 and 3 months after vaccination. Our primary outcome was a binary indicator of changes in the menstrual cycle. We used multivariate regression analysis to identify factors associated with menstrual changes.ResultsWe received 1012 completed questionnaires and 735 (72.7%) were from women aged between 20 and 39 years, 745 (73.6%) were White and 491 (48.6%) lived with a partner. A total of 419 (41.6%) of the women reported SARS‐CoV‐2 infection; however, only two of them were hospitalized, and 995 (98.8%) of women had at least one dose of COVID‐19 vaccine. About menstrual characteristics, 170 (41.3%) reported changes after having COVID‐19 and 294 (29.9%) after COVID‐19 vaccination, respectively. Few years of schooling, lower income, and non‐white ethnicity were related to higher reports of menstrual changes after COVID‐19. Menstrual changes after COVID‐19 vaccination were associated with not using contraception. Higher body mass index was associated with irregularities in cyclicity and bleeding days, after COVID‐19 and COVID‐19 vaccination, respectively.ConclusionOur results corroborated the stability of the menstrual cycle after having COVID‐19 or COVID‐19 vaccination; however, there is a potential relationship between menstrual changes and socioeconomic factors as well as contraceptive use.
The effect of socioeconomic status on adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome—An evaluation of a population database
Authors: Hochberg Alyssa , Badeghiesh Ahmad , Baghlaf Haitham , Tseva Ayellet Tzur , Dahan Michael H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the modifying effect of low socioeconomic status (SES) on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women's pregnancy and neonatal complications.MethodsA retrospective population‐based cohort study including all women with an ICD‐9 diagnosis of PCOS in the US between 2004 and 2014, who delivered in the third trimester or had a maternal death. SES was defined according to the total annual family income quartile for the entire population studied. We compared women in the lowest income quartile (<$39 000 annually) to those in the higher income quartiles combined (≥$39 000 annually). Pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsOverall, 9 096 788 women delivered between 2004 and 2014, of which 12 322 had a PCOS diagnosis and evidence of SES classification. Of these, 2117 (17.2%) were in the lowest SES group, and 10 205 (82.8%) were in the higher SES group. PCOS patients in the lowest SES group, compared to the higher SES group, were more likely to be younger, obese (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), to have smoked tobacco during pregnancy, and to have chronic hypertension and pregestational diabetes mellitus (DM) (P < 0.05). In a multivariate logistic regression, women in the lowest SES group, compared to the higher SES group, had increased odds of pregnancy‐induced hypertension (aOR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.12–1.46, P < 0.001), pre‐eclampsia (aOR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.14–1.65, P < 0.001), and cesarean delivery (aOR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09–1.34, P < 0.001), with other comparable pregnancy, delivery and neonatal outcomes.ConclusionIn PCOS patients, low SES increases the risk for pregnancy‐induced hypertension, pre‐eclampsia and CD, highlighting the importance of diligent pregnancy follow‐up and pre‐eclampsia prevention in these patients.
Group Interpersonal Psychotherapy for minoritized Head Start mothers with depressive symptoms: A mixed method study
Authors: Palmer Molina Abigail , Palinkas Lawrence , Hernandez Yuliana , Garcia Iliana , Stuart Scott , Sosna Todd , Mennen Ferol E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study explores minoritized mothers’ experiences in group interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT‐G) and relates their experiences to treatment outcomes. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered from 26 Latinx and Black mothers who participated in IPT‐G. Mothers were divided into three groups: (1) not depressed at follow‐up, (2) depressed at follow‐up, and (3) those with subclinical symptoms throughout the intervention, and similarities and differences across groups were examined. Results showed that mothers not depressed at follow‐up reported high levels of emotional safety in IPT‐G, facilitating emotional processing. Mothers depressed at follow‐up referenced the impact of stigma and had greater difficulty sharing their feelings and also reported lower socioeconomic status and higher levels of trauma. It appears that high levels of environmental stressors and difficulty developing trusting therapeutic relationships were related to experiencing depression at the conclusion of treatment. Alternatively, for many mothers, IPT‐G provided within head start was an effective therapeutic option.
Extracellular vesicles from retinal pigment epithelial cells expressing R345W‐Fibulin‐3 induce epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in recipient cells
Authors: Zhou Mi , Zhao Yuanjun , Weber Sarah R. , Gates Christopher , Carruthers Nicholas J. , Chen Han , Liu Xiaoming , Wang Hong‐Gang , Ford Michael , Swulius Matthew T. , Barber Alistair J. , Grillo Stephanie L. , Sundstrom Jeffrey M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe have shown previously that expression of R345W‐Fibulin‐3 induces epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. The purpose of the current study was to determine if extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from RPE cells expressing R345W‐Fibulin‐3 mutation are sufficient to induce EMT in recipient cells. ARPE‐19 cells were infected with luciferase‐tagged wild‐type (WT)‐ Fibulin‐3 or luciferase‐tagged R345W‐Fibulin‐3 (R345W) using lentiviruses. EVs were isolated from the media by ultracentrifugation or density gradient ultracentrifugation. Transmission electron microscopy and cryogenic electron microscopy were performed to study the morphology of the EVs. The size distribution of EVs were determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). EV cargo was analysed using LC‐MS/MS based proteomics. EV‐associated transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) protein was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The capacity of EVs to stimulate RPE migration was evaluated by treating recipient cells with WT‐ or R345W‐EVs. The role of EV‐bound TGFβ was determined by pre‐incubation of EVs with a pan‐TGFβ blocking antibody or IgG control. EM imaging revealed spherical vesicles with two subpopulations of EVs: a group with diameters around 30 nm and a group with diameters over 100 nm, confirmed by NTA analysis. Pathway analysis revealed that members of the sonic hedgehog pathway were less abundant in R345W‐ EVs, while EMT drivers were enriched. Additionally, R345W‐EVs had higher concentrations of TGFβ1 compared to control. Critically, treatment with R345W‐EVs was sufficient to increase EMT marker expression, as well as cell migration in recipient cells. This EV‐increased cell migration was significantly inhibited by pre‐incubation of EVs with pan‐TGFβ‐neutralising antibody. In conclusion, the expression of R345W‐Fibulin‐3 alters the size and cargo of EVs, which are sufficient to enhance the rate of cell migration in a TGFβ dependent manner. These results suggest that EV‐bound TGFβ plays a critical role in the induction of EMT in RPE cells.
Radial polarity in the first cranial neuromast of selected teleost fishes
Authors: Otsuka Machiko , Sugita Shoei , Shimizu Daisuke , Aoyama Masato , Matsuda Masaru 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe neuromast is a sensory structure of the lateral line system in aquatic vertebrates, which consists of hair cells and supporting cells. Hair cells are mechanosensory cells, generally arranged with bidirectional polarity. Here, we describe a neuromast with hair cells arranged radially instead of bidirectionally in the first cranial neuromast of four teleost species: red seabream (Pagrus major), spotted halibut (Verasper variegatus), brown sole (Pseudopleuronectes herzensteini), and marbled sole (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae). In these four species, this polarity was identified only in the first cranial neuromast, where it appeared at the rostral edge of the otic vesicle before hatching. We investigated the initial appearance and fate of this unique neuromast using scanning electron microscopy. We also assessed characteristics of radial neuromast pertaining to morphogenesis, development, and innervation using a vital fluorescent marker and immunohistochemistry in V. variegatus. The kinocilium initially appears at the center of each hair cell, then moves to its outer perimeter to form radial polarity by around 7 days postfertilization. However, hair cells arranged radially disappear about 15 days after hatching. This is followed by the appearance of bidirectionally arranged hair cells, indicating that polarity replacement from radial to bidirectional has occurred. In P. herzensteini, both afferent and efferent synapses between the nerve fibers and hair cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy, suggesting that radial neuromast is functional. Our discovery suggests that neuromasts with radial polarity could enable larval fish to assimilate multiaxial stimuli during this life stage, potentially assisting them in detecting small water vibrations or water pressure changes.
In Vivo Measurement of Rat Brain Water Content at 9.4 T MR Using Super‐Resolution Reconstruction: Validation With Ex Vivo Experiments
Authors: Thomas Dennis C. , Oros‐Peusquens Ana‐Maria , Schöneck Michael , Willuweit Antje , Abbas Zaheer , Zimmermann Markus , Felder Jörg , Celik Avdo , Shah Nadim Joni 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundGiven that changes in brain water content are often correlated with disease, investigating water content non‐invasively and in vivo could lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of several neurologic diseases.PurposeTo adapt a super‐resolution‐based technique, previously developed for humans, to the rat brain and report in vivo high‐resolution (HR) water content maps in comparison with ex vivo wet/dry methods.Study TypeProspective.Animal ModelEight healthy male Wistar rats.Field Strength/Sequence9.4‐T, multi‐echo gradient‐echo (mGRE) sequence.AssessmentUsing super‐resolution reconstruction (SRR), a HR mGRE image (200 μm isotropic) was reconstructed from three low‐resolution (LR) orthogonal whole‐brain images in each animal, which was followed by water content mapping in vivo. The animals were subsequently sacrificed, the brains excised and divided into five regions (front left, front right, middle left, middle right, and cerebellum–brainstem regions), and the water content was measured ex vivo using wet/dry measurements as the reference standard. The water content values of the in vivo and ex vivo methods were then compared for the whole brain and also for the different regions separately.Statistical TestsFriedman's non‐parametric test was used to test difference between the five regions, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for correlation between in vivo and ex vivo measurements. A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsWater content values derived from in vivo MR measurements showed strong correlations with water content measured ex vivo at a regional level (r = 0.902). Different brain regions showed significantly different water content values. Water content values were highest in the frontal brain, followed by the midbrain, and lowest in the cerebellum and brainstem regions.Data ConclusionAn in vivo technique to achieve HR isotropic water content maps in the rat brain using SRR was adopted in this study. The MRI‐derived water content values obtained using the technique showed strong correlations with water content values obtained using ex vivo wet/dry methods.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 1