bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking the therapeutic potential of Saussurea costus: purification and functional characterization of α-amylase inhibitors
Authors: Ben Abdelmalek Imen , Alhmdi Tomather A. A. , Ben Bacha Abir , Krayem Najeh 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionRegulating the catalytic activity of alpha-Amylase enzymes can decrease glucose production during the postprandial phase, potentially offering therapeutic benefits for diabetes. This research aimed to assess the inhibition of α-amylase using crude extracts from Saussurea costus, a medicinal plant traditionally used for treating diabetes and its associated complications.MethodsTwo novel potent proteinaceous amylase inhibitors: ScAI-R and ScAI-L were purified and characterized from Saussurea costus roots and leaves.ResultsThe pure inhibitors exhibited an apparent molecular weight of about 16 kDa and a high N-terminal sequence identity (81%) with the monomeric α-amylase inhibitors from Kengyili amelanthera and Triticum dicoccoides. In addition to their significant stability at extreme pH values (2.0–12.0) and temperatures (100°C), the structural integrity of both inhibitors was remarkably enhanced in the presence of divalent cations such as Mg2+, Ca2+, and Hg2+ at 5 mM. Interestingly, the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of ScAI-R (IC50 = 23 μg/mL) or ScAI-L (IC50 = 28 μg/mL) against human salivary amylase against were comparable to that of the standard drug acarbose (IC50 = 23 μg/mL). Both purified inhibitors acted as non-competitive inhibitors with Ki values of 0.38 and 0.32 µM, respectively, and displayed the highest affinities towards human salivary and pancreatic α-amylases (up to 90% inhibitory activity) and, to a lesser extent, porcine pancreatic α-amylase (∼70% inhibitory activity). Furthermore, these inhibitors exhibited efficient antimicrobial activities against Gram (−) and Gram (+) bacteria, as well as fungal strains. Cytotoxicity towards the human cancer colorectal cells LoVo and HCT-116 with an IC50 of up to 50 μg/mL was also observed.DiscussionThus, Saussurea costus α-amylase inhibitors could be potential candidates for hyperglycemic control in diabetic and colorectal cancer patients.
Association of triglyceride-glucose-body mass index with all-cause mortality among individuals with cardiovascular disease: results from NHANES
Authors: Sun Yiaoran , Hu Yuecheng 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) and all-cause mortality rate and to determine valuable predictive factors for the survival status of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).MethodsConduct a study on CVD patients in the NHANES database from 2007 to 2016. Patients were divided into four groups based on the weighted quartiles of TyG-BMI. Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to analyze the correlation between this index and all-cause mortality. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate its predictive ability, sensitivity, and specificity.ResultsThis study included 1085 patients, and revealed significant differences in survival rates among patients with different TyG-BMI levels. Patients in the higher TyG-BMI group have a lower mortality risk, yet there is no evident non-linear relationship. The ROC curve indicates that this indicator can serve as a predictive value for mortality in CVD patients, demonstrating good sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionThis study found a significant association between TyG-BMI index and all-cause mortality in patients with CVD. TyG-BMI can be used as a predictive indicator of all-cause mortality in CVD patients.
Decanoic acid-enriched ketogenic diet in refractory epilepsy
Authors: Shin Hui Jin , Ryu Seonae , Lee NaRae , Lee Eunjoo , Ko Ara , Kang Hoon-Chul , Lee Joon Soo , Kim Se Hee , Kim Heung Dong 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo assess the anti-seizure efficacy and safety of a C10-enriched medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) ketogenic diet (KD) compared with the classic KD in pediatric patients with refractory epilepsy.MethodsThis 16-week, open-label, randomized, controlled, crossover pilot study was conducted at Severance Children’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, between August 2022 and September 2023. Fifteen pediatric patients with refractory epilepsy were enrolled and received classic KD and C10-enriched KD for 8 weeks each. The study compared seizure reduction rate, tolerability, and safety of the two diets.ResultsFifteen patients were enrolled. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the type of KD initiated. Ten patients completed the trial. Initial treatment with the C10-enriched KD resulted in seizure reduction in all five patients, with two becoming seizure-free. Initial treatment with classic KD was effective in two out of five patients. Upon crossover, those initially on C10-enriched KD maintained their seizure reduction, while patients initially on the classic KD showed additional seizure reduction when switched to C10-enriched KD. Adverse effects included transient hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, hypercalciuria, and gastrointestinal symptoms, all of which were manageable.DiscussionThe C10-enriched KD demonstrated comparable efficacy and tolerability to the classic KD, offering a promising option for patients with refractory epilepsy who do not respond adequately to the classic KD alone. This study, the first to directly compare a C10-enriched KD with a classic KD, highlights the potential synergistic effects of decanoic acid.
Knockdown ATG5 gene by rAAV9 alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity by inhibiting GATA4 autophagic degradation
Authors: Xu Ai-Li , Shen Zheng , Wang Shi-Hao , Luan Hai-Yun , Xu Yong , Kang Ze-Chun , Liao Zi-Qi , Liu Jie , Duan Xiao-Lei , Bian Wei-Hua , Sun Hui , Xie Xin 
Published: January 2025

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a prevalent chemotherapeutic drug for treating several malignancies. However, the mechanisms of DOX induced cardiac toxicity is not fully understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that autophagy activation is essential in DOX-induced cardiac toxicity. Nevertheless, studies on the role of autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) in DOX-induced cardiac toxicity remain limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of ATG5 in DOX-induced cardiac toxicity. Mice were intravenously administered DOX (5 mg/kg) for 4 weeks to establish a cardiac toxicity model. Heart function was determined using echocardiography, and cardiac tissue was assessed for protein expression, mRNA levels, fibrosis, and immunofluorescent staining. DOX treatment upregulated autophagy-related gene expression but inhibited autophagic flux in vitro and in vivo. DOX–treated mice exhibited decreased heart function and cardiomyocyte size and increased cardiac fibrosis, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. These effects of DOX were partially alleviated by rAAV9 expressing shRNA-ATG5 and deteriorated by rAAV9-ATG5. We demonstrated that genetic ATG5 knockdown or autophagy inhibition by chemical inhibitors increased GATA4 protein expression, which was reduced by ATG5 overexpression or autophagy activator in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that ATG5-mediated autophagy promoted GATA4 degradation. Moreover, enforced GATA4 re-expression significantly counteracted the toxic effects of ATG5 on DOX-treated hearts. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that manipulating ATG5 expression to regulate GATA4 degradation in the heart may be a promising approach for DOX-induced cardiac toxicity.
A bibliometric analysis of metonymy in SSCI-indexed research (2000–2023): retrospect and prospect
Authors: Sun Yi , Lin Mocheng 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionMetonymy has gained increasing attention for its role in shaping language, thought, and communication. Despite its prominence, the thematic evolution and future directions of metonymy research remain underexplored. This study seeks to address this gap by analyzing metonymy research published between 2000 and 2023, providing a comprehensive overview of its key trends and emerging themes.MethodsA bibliometric analysis was conducted using data sourced from the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) within the Web of Science Core Collection. Co-citation and co-word analysis were employed alongside k-means clustering techniques to identify research themes. Predictive modeling, including ARIMA and LSTM approaches, was used to forecast future research topics based on keyword trends.ResultsThe analysis identified 11 key research clusters, highlighting the central role of cognitive and conceptual linguistics in metonymy research, along with its applications in semantics, pragmatics, and multimodal contexts. Predictive modeling suggested the emergence of seven new research themes for 2024–2028, including the interaction between metonymy and discourse, its role in multimodal communication, and its application in social and cultural narratives.DiscussionThis study underscores the interdisciplinary nature of metonymy research, bridging linguistic, cognitive, and social dimensions. The findings highlight promising areas for future exploration, namely, its integration into digital communication and its impact on cultural identity construction. The methodological approach offers a robust framework for analyzing and predicting research trends, paving the way for innovative contributions to the field.
Sex differences in delivery and neonatal characteristics of new-borns from the “MAMI-MED” cohort
Authors: Magnano San Lio Roberta , Barchitta Martina , Maugeri Andrea , Campisi Elisabetta , Favara Giuliana , Granados Claudia Ojeda , La Mastra Claudia , La Rosa Maria Clara , Galvani Fabiola , Pappalardo Elisa , Ettore Carla , Ettore Giuseppe , Agodi Antonella 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionExploring modifiable and non-modifiable determinants—like sex of new-borns, maternal characteristics, and lifestyle—of maternal and child health is a priority in Public Health. Understanding these sex-based differences is essential for tailored care and informed public health policies.MethodsThe present study aimed to delineate sex disparities in delivery and neonatal characteristics within the “MAMI MED” cohort, an ongoing prospective study involving mother–child pairs from Catania, Italy. The analysis included 1,090 mother–child pairs.ResultsThe comparison of birth weight and birth length distribution showed some differences between sexes, confirmed by higher birth weight (β = 0.121; 95% CI = 0.071–0.172) and greater birth length (β = 0.659; 95% CI = 0.360–0.958) in males compared to females. However, the comparison of small and adequate for gestational age (SGA vs. AGA) revealed that the likelihood of being SGA was higher in males than in females (OR = 1.592; 95% CI = 1.005–2.563).DiscussionThus, the focus should be on improving the assessment of gender-based differences in diagnostic criteria and incorporating gender-specific aspects into existing preventive guidelines to deeply understand the effect of gender disparities and risk factors on maternal-child health.
A comparative analysis of autograft choices of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and their effects on muscle strength and joint biomechanics
Authors: Issaoui Wiem , Dergaa Ismail , Ghouili Hatem , El Omri Abdelfatteh , Guelmami Noomen , Chomier Philippe , Ghrairi Mourad , Ben Saad Helmi , Moalla Wassim 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAnterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is crucial to restore knee stability and function after ACL injuries, especially in physically active individuals. Despite advances in surgical techniques and rehabilitation protocols, the choice of autograft has a significant impact on postoperative recovery, particularly on muscle strength and joint biomechanics. In this study, the effects of four autografts are investigated: Iliotibial band (ITB), combined ITB and hamstring tendon (ITB + HT), hamstring tendon (HT) and bone-tendon-bone (BTB) on quadriceps and hamstring peak torque (QPT and HPT) recovery and hamstring to quadriceps ratio (H:Q) to assess knee stability and function.MethodsForty-two active males (mean ± standard deviation of age: 31.5 ± 6.1 years, height: 177 ± 6 cm, weight: 76 ± 11 kg, body mass index: 24.5 ± 2.2 kg/m²) with primary ACL ruptures were allocated to the four graft groups (ITB: n = 16, ITB + HT: n = 12, HT: n = 7, BTB: n = 7) and underwent a standardized rehabilitation protocol. Quadriceps and hamstring peak torque (QPT and HPT, respectively) as indicators of isokinetic muscle strength were assessed both postoperatively and follow-up after approximately six months (mean 6.29 ± 1.70 months)ResultsSignificant differences in QPT and HPT recovery between the healthy and injured legs were found in all graft groups (P &lt; 0.001). The BTB group showed the largest QPT deficit between healthy and injured legs (Δ = 133.4 Nm, Cohen's d = 8.05) and HPT deficit (Δ = 41.1 Nm, Cohen's d = 4.01). In contrast, the ITB + HT group showed the smallest deficits in QPT (Δ = 22.5 Nm, Cohen's d = 0.73) and HPT (Δ = 13.5 Nm, Cohen's d = 1.21). The BTB group also showed the largest deviation in H:Q ratios (Δ = −0.23, Cohen's d = 2.70), while the HT group showed a more balanced recovery with smaller significant deficits in H:Q ratios (Δ = −0.07, Cohen's d = 0.46).ConclusionThe BTB graft showed the most pronounced variations in QPT and HPT between healthy and injured legs in the short term, indicating the importance of longitudinally monitoring knee stability to determine the best autograft choice for ACLR. While all graft types contribute to muscle strength recovery, the HT graft may provide advantages in balancing muscle strength and potentially enhancing knee stability.
Approche par traçages artificiels sur l’interfluve Cèze-Ardèche
Authors: Jolivet Joël , Ré-Bahuaud Jordan , Chapuis Hervé , Paran Frédéric , Graillot Didier 
Published: January 2025

Artificial tracings on the Cèze-Ardèche interfluve.
Several artificial tracing campaigns were carried out in 2014 and 2015 to assess underground circulations on both sides of the Cèze river (France, Gard) and specially to identify the role of the Cèze-Ardèche interfluve in a complicated geological context. Previous tracing operations had collected important data on groundwater flows on the Méjannesle-Clap plateau and on the right bank of Ardèche, but did not specify the hydraulic exchanges between the underground flows of the karst massif and the river on the left bank of the Cèze, taking into account the areas of river loss. These new forward-looking tracings required an adapted device from the instrumentation of many springs, on the right bank of the Ardèche and on the left and right bank of the Cèze. The final choice for three tracers was : fluorescein, eosine and rhodamine B. The results of the dyes injections carried out are mainly qualitative because obtained from fluocapteurs and active coals with samples taken which allowed obtaining restitutions. The 4 tracing campaigns made it possible to better identify the points of restitution impacted, the approximate transfer times and this according to the hydrological conditions. The results of the tracings in the endokarst (Orgnac aven and Flandin Cave) allow to locate the hydrogeological boundary between the Cèze and Ardèche basins according to periods of high or low water. Tracing of Roméjac losses and losses from the Cèze at Rochegude indicate that surface water infiltration and associated groundwater flow directions are strongly conditioned by the presence of normal faults and the development of the karst network. The tracings carried out as part of the work of the ZABR (Rhône Basin Workshop Zone) at the Cèze-Ardèche interfluve, allow to specify the limits of the karst watershed between these two rivers as well as the feeding areas of the springs located in the Canyon de la Cèze from the losses of the river. These artificial tracings are part of a comprehensive approach to assess the exchanges between karst and river flows.
Improved area scaling of radio-frequency patch antenna by highly intercalated multilayer graphene/nickel hybrid structure
Authors: Ueno Kazuyoshi , Masukawa Kouta , Tanaka Shinichi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using a novel hybrid conductor with intercalated multilayer graphene (I-MLG) and Ni, it was demonstrated that the area of a radio frequency patch antenna can be reduced by one-third. The area reduction was estimated from the resonant frequency shift of fabricated I-MLG/Ni patch antenna at around 18 GHz. Improved intercalation doping of MLG was realized by a novel split-CVD method for improved MLG crystallinity and uniformity and higher intercalation doping to MLG. With the process improvement, the sheet resistance of I-MLG layer was reduced and the current was expected to flow preferentially in the I-MLG layer by skin effect at high frequencies, and a kinetic inductance was expected by the current in the I-MLG layer. In addition, the Ni layer served as a magnetic core to enhance the magnetic inductance induced by the current. It is considered that the area reduction effect was obtained by the higher inductance density with the enhanced magnetic inductance and potentially with kinetic inductance.
Reaction mechanisms of Sn-based polarity-change copolymer resists with different counter anions, designed for extreme ultraviolet lithography
Authors: Hashimoto Kohei , Takata Yui , Muroya Yusa , Kozawa Takahiro , Machida Kohei , Enomoto Satoshi , Naqvi Bilal , De Simone Danilo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The development of high-resolution resists with a highly absorptive element for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photons has attracted much attention for next-generation lithographic applications. In this study, the radiation-induced reactions of polarity-change copolymer resists comprising tetraphenyltin (an EUV absorption unit) and phenyl dibenzothiophenium salts (polarity-change units) are investigated via electron-pulse radiolysis, electron-beam (EB) radiolysis, γ radiolysis, time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) method, and contact angle measurement. Their lithographic performances are preliminary evaluated using a 125 keV EB writer. Trifluoromethanesulfonate, benzene sulfonate, and salicylate are used as counter anions for phenyl dibenzothiophenium cations. The effects of the counter anions on the radiation-induced reactions and yields of the main radiolytic products are small, whereas the resolution and sensitivity improve significantly with the increase in the pK
a (or dipole moment) of corresponding acids for counter anions owing to the suppression of transient swelling layer formed during the development.
رسالة غير منشورة من عصر سلالة أور الثالثة (2112-2004 ق.م)
Authors: الخفاجي نشأت علي 
Published: January 2025

الملخص:
تركت دولة أور بروقراطية المعقدة للغايه وواحده من اكبر مجموعات الوثائق الادارية في العالم القديم والتي تشير بوضوح الى الازدهار الاقتصادي والصلات الادارية المميزة بين مدن المملكة خلال العصرالسومري الحديث، البحث حول نص مسماري مدون باللغة السومرية اتضح من خلال دراسته انه من نوع الرسالة التي اتفق الباحثين على تسميتها برسائل الطلب وهي عبارة عن اوامر ادارية شاعت في العصر السومري الحديث.
تناولت الدراسة قراءة النص وترجمته وتحليله بالاضافة الى مقدمة عن اهم الاحداث السياسية التي جرت خلال تلك الفترة.
الصراع في مسرحية ( الغرباء ) لشاكر خصباك
Authors: الجباري كويستان 
Published: January 2025

نهض البحث على تعريف الصراع ، وهو تصادم بين شخصيتين أو أكثر، تحاول كلّ منهما التغلب على الأخرى ؛ وعليه إذن فالصراع هو القوة الفعالّة والمسيطرة على الحياة ؛ لأنَّ قانون الحياة يكون قائماً على الصراع، ولا يمكن أن يحدث تغييراً في أي مجتمع من المجتمعات من دونه ؛ فالصراع الدرامي ، هو : سباق لتطور الشخصيات خطوة بعد أُخرى ، ولاسيما أنّه يعبر عن التناقضات الحادثة في حياة البشر، إذن هو شكل الاشتباك والنزاع والصدام الحاد للأفعال ، والأفكار ، والمواقف ، والآمال ، والعواطف المتصارعة، وقد اخترت مسرحية ( الغرباء) لشاكر خصباك أَنموذجاً للدراسة ؛ فكان الحديث ابتداءً عن مفهوم الصراع، وتحديد أنواعه ، والعوامل المؤدية إلى تفعيله، وتركزت عنايتي على الجانب الاجتماعي للشخصيات عن طريق صراعهم في المسرحية ؛ وذلك لأن المسرحيات الواقعية تركز على هذا الجانب، لاسيما عنصر الصراع فيه الذي برز بشكل واضح في مسرحيته (الصراع الداخلي) للشخصية مع ذاتها، وبما أَنَّ للصراع مفهوماً واسعاً وشاملاً، نجد صداه في علم النفس ، والأدب ، والاجتماع، ويعد الركن الأساس في أي عمل مسرحي، فهو القوة الدافعة للأحداث... فضلاً عن أنَّ الكاتب في مسرحيته قدمَّ مفاهيماً إنسانية وقيماً اجتماعية حملت في طياتها صراعات الخير، والشر، والحب، والظلم، والطمع، والمال، والأنانية وغيرها... وعن طريق تحليلُنا حاولنا الإمساك بجوهرها الفاعل في الفضاء المسرحي.
الخصائص المناخية في محافظة النجف وأثرها في تلوث مياه شط الكوفة خلال سنة (( 2008 ))
Authors: كاظم نهاد خضير 
Published: January 2025

تعد مشكلة التلوث المائي احدى اهم مشاكل التلوث البيئي التي تعاني منها المياه الموجودة في العراق بصورة عامة والنجف بصورة خاصة ، وهي من المشاكل التي اخذت بالتزايد المستمر نتيجة لزيادة عدد السكان وللتطور العلمي السريع وارتفاع المستوى المعاشي لهم ، الا ان هذه المشكلة تزداد في السنوات التي تتغير فيها الخصائص المناخية وتحدث حالات الجفاف بالشكل الذي يؤثر سلبا وبدرجة كبيرة على كمية ونوعية تلك المياه . ومن اجل ابراز هذه المشكلة في محافظة النجف تم اختيار سنة ٢٠٠٨ كونها سنة جافة مقارنة بالسنوات التي قبلها والتي تليها وهي ( ٢٠٠٦ ، ٢٠٠٧ ، ٢٠٠٩ ) و لايضاح اثر الخصائص المناخية في هذه السنة في تلوث المياه في محافظة النجف تم جمع التحاليل والفحوصات المختبرية للمواد والعناصر الموجودة في مياه شط الكوفة خلال اشهر السنوات المختارة وللمحطات ( E11 والواقعة عند كورنيش الكوفة و E 13 الواقعة عند قائمقامية ابو صخير ( كون ان شط الكوفة لايتفرع بينهما بالشكل الذي يؤثر على كمية ونوعية المياه فيه .( تبين من خلال الدراسة بان الخصائص المناخية السائدة في محافظة النجف خلال سنة ٢٠٠٨ اثرت في قلة معدلات تصاريف المياه في شط الكوفة مقارنة بالسنوات الاخرى ، مما ادى الى تزايد تراكيز المواد والعناصر الموجودة في المياه بشكل ملحوظ خلال هذه السنة الى الدرجة التي تزيد في معظم اشهر السنة عن الحدود المسموح بها بيئيا ، وهذا ما اكدته التحاليل والفحوصات المختبرية للمياه خلال هذه السنة ، مما جعل المياه في شط الكوفة تنتقل خلالها من مرحلة التلوث المقبول الى مرحلة التلوث الخطر ..
A Compreensão do Vivido da Mulher Surda Sobre o Atendimento na Consulta Ginecológica
Authors: Freitas Grace Kelly Silva de , Oliveira Guilherme Sacheto , Salimena Anna Maria de Oliveira , Caldeira Natália Maria Vieira Pereira , Silva Monalisa Claudia Maria da , Rocha Luciano Chaves Dutra da , Soares Adriana Maximiano , Pacheco Zuleyce Maria Lessa 
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Desvelar os sentidos do movimento existencial de ser mulher surda universitária e seu vivido na consulta ginecológica para o rastreamento do câncer de colo de útero. Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, utilizando como alicerce teórico, metodológico e filosófico a abordagem fenomenológica heideggeriana. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista aberta. Resultado: Em todo o processo de atendimento há presença da barreira de comunicação, resultando na falha da promoção do cuidado, pois a mulher necessita de uma terceira pessoa como interlocutora devido à falta de profissionais intérpretes nas instituições de saúde. Conclusão: A falta de acessibilidade para as mulheres surdas durante o atendimento nos serviços de saúde propicia uma posição de fragilidade, tornando-as ainda mais vulneráveis por não receberem o cuidado integral pelos profissionais de saúde.
Elementos y modelos de regulación de la micromovilidad compartida
Authors: Bach Coma Xavier , Tarrés Vives Marc 
Published: January 2025

SUMARIO: 1. INTRODUCCIÓN. EXPERIENCIAS MÁS ALLÁ DE LA LEY DE MOVILIDAD SOSTENIBLE.— 2. LA REGULACIÓN: EL EQUILIBRIO PARA GOBERNAR LA MICROMOVILIDAD COMPARTIDA: 2.1 Los operadores privados. Aportando innovación y servicio; 2.2 Las administraciones locales. Velando por el espacio público; 2.3 Elementos sujetos a colaboración público-privada.— 3. CARACTERÍSTICAS Y RIESGOS DE LOS MODELOS DE REGULACIÓN IMPLANTADOS: 3.1 Modelo Barcelona: número de vehículos limitado, número de operadores ilimitado; 3.2 Modelo París: una regulación basada en numerus clausus; 3.3 Modelo Berlín: una laissez faire policy; 3.4 Modelo Barcelona metropolitana: un sorteo flexible.— 4. CONCLUSIONES. LA NECESIDAD DE UN MARCO NORMATIVO COMÚN.— 5. BIBLIOGRAFÍA.