bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hidden Heterogeneity: How the White Racial Category Masks Interethnic Health Inequality
Authors: Read Jen'nan G. , Fairfax Fatima G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inequality research has often used non-Hispanic Whites as the reference category in measuring U.S. racial and ethnic health disparities, with less attention paid to diversity among Whites. Immigration patterns over the last several decades have led to greater ethnic heterogeneity among Whites, which could be hidden by the aggregate category. Using data from the National Health Interview Survey (2000–2018), we disaggregate non-Hispanic Whites by nativity status (U.S.- and foreign-born) and foreign-born region of birth (Europe, Former Soviet Union, and the Middle East) to examine diversity in health among adults aged 30+ (n = 290,361). We find that foreign-born Whites do not have a consistent immigrant health advantage over U.S.-born Whites, and the presence of an advantage further varies by birth region. Immigrants from the Former Soviet Union (FSU) are particularly disadvantaged, reporting worse self-rated health and higher rates of hypertension (high blood pressure) than U.S.-born and European-born Whites. Middle Eastern immigrants also fare worse than U.S.-born Whites but have health outcomes more similar to European immigrants than to immigrants from the FSU. These findings highlight considerable diversity in health among White subgroups that is masked by the aggregate White category. Future research must continue to monitor growing heterogeneity among Whites and consider more carefully their use as an aggregate category for gauging racial inequality.
O λαϊκισμός ως ιδεολογία: σχέσεις και σκέψεις
Authors: Μαυρίδης Ηρακλής 
Published: January 2025

Η εργασία αυτή είναι μια πρώτη προσέγγιση στο σύνθετο ζήτημα των σχέσεων μεταξύ λαϊκισμού και ιδεολογίας μέσα από δύο συγκεκριμένες εννοήσεις της ιδεολογίας. Συγκεκριμένα, συζητάμε μια σειρά από ιδέες που αφορούν εννοιακά προβλήματα αλλά και λειτουργίες της ιδεολογίας μέσα στο κοινωνικο-πολιτικό πεδίο και διαπιστώνουμε ότι υπάρχουν ομοιότητες και αντιστοιχίες μεταξύ των δύο μορφών του λόγου, προτείνουμε δε, συμβατικά, ότι ο λαϊκισμός μπορεί να θεωρηθεί μορφή του ιδεολογικού λόγου, ίσως όχι με την έννοια της «σκληρής» πολιτικής ιδεολογίας αλλά με την έννοια μιας «λεπτής» ιδεολογίας.
Secondary Market Monetization and Willingness to Share Personal Data
Authors: Wu Joy 
Published: January 2025

People are often unaware that their personal data can serve as valuable inputs for economic activities in secondary data markets. However, whether secondary monetization of personal data determines privacy preferences remains unclear. I examine whether privacy decisions are motivated by the data recipient’s ability to benefit from trading individuals’ data with a third party. A large online laboratory experiment involving personally identifiable psychometric data is implemented with real data-sharing consequences and monetary benefits. I find that individuals decrease their willingness to share data—both in terms of their likelihood of participating in the data market and the prices demanded for such participation—when the recipient’s ability to monetize the data through secondary trade is salient. Strategic responses to updated beliefs about the recipient’s gain from the trade are ruled out via the chosen price elicitation. I find that increased data exposure (to more recipients) does not explain the significant revealed disutility from secondary monetization. These findings are also robust to controlling for the risk exposure differences between data recipients and third parties. This paper was accepted by Anindya Ghose, information systems. Funding: This project was funded in part by the Institute for the Social Sciences, Cornell University. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03423 .
Facing Loss: Julie's Inner Struggle in Dustin Thao Novel’s You've Reached Sam
Authors: Ristan Ghaisani Fakhrani 
Published: January 2025

The inner conflict experienced by the character Julie in the novel You've Reached Sam by Dustin Thao and the way Julie's character overcomes inner conflict is interesting to study with the theory proposed by Kurt Lewin.This study aims to examine the inner conflict experienced by the main character in the novel You've reached Sam by Dustin Thao, along with the factors that affect the occurrence of these conflicts using a literary psychology approach. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with primary sources in the form of phrases, words, or sentences quoted in the novel You've reached Sam and secondary sources are used in the form of reference books, and national and international journal articles. The data collection technique is carried out by reading and recording data in the form of inner conflicts and the factors that affect them. The analysis technique in this study refers to the three stages of the triangulation technique. This research found that Juliet's character experiences an inner conflict that is in accordance with Kurt Lewin's formula are approach-approach conflict; avoidance-avoidance conflict; and approach-avoidance conflict. The dominant factors that affect the occurrence of inner conflicts are psychological pressure (driving forces) and tensions.
ON SIX SPECIES OF MONOGENETIC TREMATODES, PARASITIC ON THE GILLS OF MARINE FISHES FROM THE INDIAN SEAS
Authors: UNUNNITHA R VISWANATHAN 
Published: January 2025

Six species of monogenetic trematodes, collected from the gills ofmarine fishes of the south west coast of India, are described. Two newgenera, Churavera and Eyelavera have been created to accommodate the two new species Churavera macrova andÂ Eyelavera typica. Of the remaining four species which all come under the more familiar genera Gastrocotyle and Pseudaxine, three viz., Gastrocotule kalla., Gastrocotyle kurra and Pseudaxine kurra are new species while Gastrococule indica SUBHAPRADHA,1951, is recorded for the first time from the west coast of India.
Prevalencia de sintomatología depresiva en niños en un hospital del Quindío Colombia.
Authors: Villa Bustamante Alejandra , Oros Vargas Laura Nataly , Olave Jaramillo Marcela 
Published: January 2025

Introducción: la depresión es una enfermedad a nivel mundial, se calcula su afectación a más de 300 millones de personas independientemente de la edad, género, o estrato socioeconómico; La prevalencia de sintomatología depresiva en niños puede variar de un país a otro y depende de varios factores independientes de zona o región a evaluar, estas cifras van desde 1,4% a 11,7%.
Metodología: se evaluó la prevalencia de sintomatología depresiva en niños y adolescentes en edades entre 7 y 16 años que se encontraban hospitalizados en el servicio de pediatría del E.S.E Hospital Departamental Universitario del Quindío, San Juan de Dios, independientemente de su diagnóstico de hospitalización; por medio de un estudio de tipo transversal en el cual se realizó una encuesta sociodemográfica al acudiente y posteriormente una escala CDI (Cuestionario de Depresión Infantil) al niño participante,
Resultados: utilizando la escala CDI y tomando como base una puntuación mayor o igual 12 puntos se obtuvo positividad en el 39.1% de la población. De acuerdo con la escala CDI, algún síntoma de depresión con valores entre 12 y 18 puntos, 24.3%, siendo este el grupo de mayor prevalencia, indicando la proporción en nuestra población infantil, con sintomas leves; el grupo con puntaje mayor a 19 clasificados como síntomas depresivos moderados y severos represento un 14.8%.
Conclusión: La prevalencia de sintomatología depresiva en niños es mayor con respecto a la literatura encontrada, generando datos alarmantes para nuestro país.
Piomiositis Multifocal En Asociación A Subluxación De Cadera En Paciente Pediátrico: reporte de caso
Authors: Perez Vanegas Maria Camila , Jimenez Claros Maira , Ramos Marin Johan Sebastian , Perez Vanegas Angie Carolina , Galvis Luis Antonio 
Published: January 2025

Resumen
Antecedentes. La piomiositis es una infección aguda del músculo estriado, afecta principalmente a niños escolares y con mayor frecuencia a aquellos que residen en países tropicales. El patógeno principalmente aislado es el Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente (SAMR). Su diagnóstico representa un reto, dada la inespecificidad de su clínica que simula distintas patologías. Los hallazgos imagenológicos en conjunto con el aislamiento microbiológico son esenciales en el diagnóstico. Reporte de caso. A continuación, se presenta el caso de un niño de 3 años de edad con diagnóstico de subluxación de cadera en relación a una piomiositis multifocal de los músculos iliopsoas, glúteo medio, obturador externo, obturador interno y pectíneo. Se empleo un manejo conservador basado en la antibioticoterapia como pilar fundamental. Alcanzando una completa resolución del cuadro tanto clínico como imagenológico evidenciado en la RM de seguimiento. Conclusión La piomiositis es una infección común en los países del trópico, en muchos casos el cuadro clínico es inespecífico siendo una gran simuladora de otras patologías, por lo cual es frecuentemente subdiagnosticada. Los hemocultivos presentan un bajo rendimiento en la mayoría de casos, a diferencia de los cultivos tomados directamente del absceso. Siendo fundamental la sospecha diagnostica para emplear de manera oportuna el correcto cubrimiento antibiótico
Consenso académico de prácticas de impacto de la lactancia en Colombia
Authors: Bernal Nancy , Timossi Carlos , Pulido Maria Mercedes , Uscher Maria Isabel , Hidalgo Luz Stella , Gómez Carolina , Contreras María Emilia 
Published: January 2025

Introducción: La Sociedad Colombiana de Pediatría y la Asociación Colombiana de Nutrición Clínica reúne especialistas con el objetivo de llegar a acuerdos nacionales sobre tópicos relevantes y controversiales en lactancia, los cuales impactan el desarrollo y crecimiento de la población infantil.
Metodología: El grupo formuló 53 declaraciones controversiales tras una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura reciente. El panel contó con 44 especialistas de quince agremiaciones científicas y entidades no gubernamentales, destacando su enfoque multidisciplinario y representación regional. El proceso Delphi se realizó en una plataforma ad-hoc, con discusiones en línea. Los panelistas calificaron las declaraciones anónimamente en escala Likert de cinco puntos, estableciendo un consenso a priori del 85% de coincidencias. Cada participante justificó sus respuestas y se utilizó el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para evaluar la consistencia interna, fijando en > 0,80 el criterio para la ronda final de consenso.
Resultados: Se realizaron dos rondas de discusión. El total de declaraciones alcanzó más del 85 % de consenso, con un alfa de Cronbach de 0.95.
Conclusiones: La evidencia científica respalda los beneficios de la lactancia, aunque persisten controversias. Este consenso brinda al profesional más herramientas para ayudar a las familias a tomar decisiones informadas. El uso del método Delphi en tiempo real permite la participación de expertos de todas las regiones del país con un análisis de datos objetivo y confiable. Estos resultados sientan una base de discusión para el análisis y soporte a las prácticas de lactancia materna en Colombia.
Efikasi Diri dan Intensi Perilaku Cyberbullying Pada Remaja
Authors: Hanifa Dea Aurellia , Agustina Laelatus Syifa Sari 
Published: January 2025

Massively using the internet that exists today turns out to have a negative impact, such as the emergence of cyberbullying behavior. One of the factors that can influence the emergence of cyberbullying intentions is self-efficacy, this can occur due to a lack of belief in the ability of the self (self-efficacy) that individuals have which can lead to the intention of this behavior. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and the intention of cyberbullying behavior in adolescents. There were 349 respondents collected through accidental sampling technique. The measuring instrument used in this study is the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) to measure self-efficacy variables and the Cyberbullying Intention Scale to measure cyberbullying behavior intention variables. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between self-efficacy and cyberbullying behavior intention with a correlation coefficient (r) -0.270 and sig 0.000 (p < 0.05). This means that the higher self-efficacy, the lower intention of cyberbullying behavior will appear and vice versa.

Masifnya penggunaan internet yang ada saat ini ternyata menimbulkan dampak negatif, salah satunya adalah kemunculan perilaku cyberbullying. Salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kemunculan intensi cyberbullying adalah efikasi diri, hal ini dapat terjadi karena kurangnya keyakinan akan kemampuan diri (efikasi diri) yang dimiliki individu sehingga dapat memunculkan intensi terhadap perilaku tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan efikasi diri dengan intensi perilaku cyberbullying pada remaja. Terdapat 349 responden yang diperoleh melalui teknik accidental sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) untuk mengukur variabel efikasi diri dan Skala Intensi Cyberbullying untuk mengukur variabel intensi perilaku cyberbullying. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi negatif yang signifikan antara efikasi diri dan intensi perilaku cyberbullying dengan koefisien korelasi (r) -0,270 dan sig 0,000 (p < 0,05). Artinya, semakin tinggi efikasi diri maka akan semakin rendah intensi perilaku cyberbullying yang akan muncul dan begitu pula sebaliknya.
Theoretical understanding of water splitting by analyzing nanocatalyst photoabsorption spectra
Authors: Gollapalli Prince , Caspary Toroker Maytal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Photons can be used to either monitor or induce catalysis by acting as photoexcited holes or quasi particles, which aid in water splitting reaction leading to a major step towards sustainable energy. However, the mechanism of catalysis using nanocatalysts under photo-illumination is not fully understood because of the complexity involved in three major steps during the oxygen evolution reaction: photoabsorption on nanocatalyst, hole transport to the surface, and the reaction kinetic barriers at the surface. In a photoelectrochemical cell used for water splitting, the surface states of optically and chemically dominant species affect the catalysts’ performance. For instance, the signature of the dominant absorption peak at 580 nm in the observed spectra of Fe2O3 photoanode can shed light on the oxygen evolution reaction mechanism since each reaction intermediate affects the absorption spectrum, and the absorption coefficient in turn affects the photocurrent. In the recent decade, a combination of different theoretical methods starting from density functional theory up to Bethe–Salpeter equation accounting for excitonic effects helped to establish that the *O intermediate is the rate limiting step in agreement with experimental data. Therefore, this perspective focuses on the complexity and variety of fundamental phenomena involved in water splitting mechanism and various theoretical methods applied to address these and also suggests how the predictive capability of these methods can be used to understand mechanisms beyond water splitting, such as CO2 reduction.
Space-time couplings in ultrashort lasers with arbitrary nonparaxial focusing
Authors: Jolly Spencer W. , Lytova Marianna , Vallières Simon , Légaré François , MacLean Steve , Fillion-Gourdeau François 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Space-time separability is commonly assumed in the theoretical description of laser beams. However, recent progresses have demonstrated that this assumption often breaks down for ultrashort realistic pulses, giving rise to spatio-temporal effects that modify both the spatial and temporal characteristics of the laser field. In this work, we introduce semi-analytical and numerical diffraction integral models to investigate these spatio-temporal effects in tightly focused configurations. In particular, we investigate how the TM01 beam mode is modified at the focus by chromatic angular dispersion, curvature, and spatial chirp. We compare the two formalisms, thus creating a toolset for modeling extreme localization of structured electromagnetic beams in time and space.
Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization with topology analysis, drug-likeness (ADMET), and molecular docking of novel antitumor molecule 5-Amino-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-isonicotinoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile
Authors: Nagalakshmi Rangarajan , Balachandran Vadivel , Narayana Badiadka , Alharethy Fahd , Divya Sivasubramani 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A novel crystal of the pyridine derivative is 5-Amino-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1- isonicotinoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (AHMIPC). It has been synthesized and studied by computational and experimental methods. We conducted the quantum chemical investigation using DFT calculations that employed two different basis sets. The molecule under review’s potential energy distribution (PED) was determined using VEDA4 analysis. The study’s findings have been correlated to the observed FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) determined the molecule’s carbon (13C) and proton (1H) chemical shifts. We looked at the Local Orbital Locator (LOL) and Electron Localization Function (ELF) methods to figure out how many electrons were in the chemical’s bonding and anti-bonding regions. The reduced density gradient (RDG) has provided further characterization of the non-covalent interactions (NCI). We estimated the ultraviolet (UV) visible spectrum using the time-dependent (TD) DFT method, and demonstrated the changes in electronic structure involved in the compound’s gaseous phase by comparing the estimated and observed spectra. The compound’s stability and the redistribution of charges were evaluated through Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) studies. A comprehensive investigation of the MEP for the title molecule has been carried out using quantum chemical calculations. Reports are made on the HUMO-LUMO gap and other electronic properties. The potential biological activities of the AHMIPC compound were supported by the Bioactivity Score, Drug-Likeness, and ADMET studies, which also sparked interest in developing it as a viable candidate. The pharmacokinetics and drug ability of AHMIPC are flawless. Using molecular docking analysis to investigate antineoplastic (solid tumour) activity, it was found that the AHMIPC molecule can function as a potent lung cancer inhibitor.
Bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease: a single centre experience
Authors: Ban Anuj , Barnabas Rohit , Karlekar Manjiri , Lila Anurag Ranjan , Yami Channaiah Chethan , Memon Saba Samad , Patil Virendra A , Sarathi Vijaya , Fernandes Gwendolyn , Thakkar Hemangini , Rege Sameer , Shah Nalini S , Bandgar Tushar 
Published: January 2025

Background
Data on bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease (BMAD) with respect to computed tomography (CT) scan characteristics (attenuation and washout) and long-term follow-up are limited. This study aims to describe BMAD patients managed in a single centre.

Methods
BMAD was defined by the presence of bilateral adrenal macronodules (>1 cm) on CT. Clinical, biochemical, radiological, genetic characteristics, management and follow-up of 22 BMAD patients were studied retrospectively.

Results
The median age (range) at presentation was 49.5 (23–83) years, predominantly observed in females (16/22). Eighteen (82%) patients were incidentally diagnosed (11 with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) and seven non-secretory), three (13.7%) presented with overt Cushing’s syndrome (CS), and one (4.5%) had androgen excess (without CS features). On CT, the dominant nodule’s median (range) size was 2.6(1.6–9.5) cm. 77.8% (14/18) of adrenal nodules were lipid-rich, and 93.3% (14/15) of the nodules exhibited good washout. Genetic analysis was available for eight patients; one had a novel germline ARMC5 variant, and two had MEN-1 gene mutations. Three overt CS and one androgen-secreting patient underwent total bilateral adrenalectomy; histopathology showed macronodular hyperplasia with internodular hypertrophy. Only one (1/8) patient from the MACS group developed a new comorbidity (diabetes mellitus) after a median follow-up of 6.4 (0.5–12.4) years, while none of the non-secretory group patients developed new comorbidities after a median follow-up of 1.4 (0.8–12.2) years.

Conclusion
Most BMAD patients presented without overt hormonal excess, and none developed overt CS on follow-up. Detailed CT characteristics of BMAD nodules may help in radiological diagnosis in bilateral adrenal incidentalomas.
Comparative study of the outcome and early complications between stapled and open hemorrhoidectomy
Authors: Manzoor Shahzada Faisal , Bhat Sandeep , Zargar Owais-Ul-Umer , Riaz Mohd. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Hemorrhoids also known as piles are vascular cushions in the anal canal that help with stool control. When these cushions are swollen or inflamed, they become a disease. The signs and symptoms depend on the type present. Internal hemorrhoids often result in painless, bright red rectal bleeding while defecating whereas external hemorrhoids mostly present with pain and swelling in the area of the anus.
Methods: This study was conducted in the department of surgery, GMC Jammu during the time period of one year. After seeking consent to be a part of study, patients were subject to either of the procedures based on their allotted groups and aim was to compare the outcome and early complications between stapled and open hemorrhoidectomy groups.
Results: A total of 90 patients were taken for the study and 45 patients were recruited to each group. VAS (visual analog scale) scores for pain were better in the stapled group. None of the stapled patients complained of bleeding beyond first post-op week. In the open group 1 patient continued to complain of bleeding during defaecation even at 45 days. The mean hospital stay was lower and return to work was earlier in stappled group as compared to open group. The incidence of postoperative fever, incontinence to flatus, urinary retention, mucus discharge, unhealed anal wound, anal stenosis and recurrence was more in the open group as compared to stappled group.
Conclusions: Our study affirms stapled hemorrhoidectomy as a superior procedure in terms of early outcomes, with lesser post-op pain and bleeding, early hospital discharge, early return to work, less complications and low recurrence rate as compared to open hemorrhoidectomy.