bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of TGA-DTA in the Initial Evaluation of the Solid State Forms for Pharmaceutical New Chemical Entities, Part 2: Evaluation of Mixed Forms
Authors: Redman-Furey NL , Dicks ML , Godlweski J , Vaughn DC , Collins WJ 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
TGA-DTA plays a central role in the strategy outlined for early evaluation of the solid state forms available to pharmaceutical new chemical entities. Understanding of the solid state forms becomes more difficult when individual samples present as mixed forms, especially when it is not immediately recognized that the samples represent a mixture. In this study, TGA-DTA, in combination with light microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction, provided immediate evidence that samples represented mixed solid state forms. The initial assessment was made using as little as 5 mg of sample. Hygroscopicity challenges provided further proof for mixed forms. To make a definite assignment of the solid state forms present, isolation of pure phases of the suspected individual forms was necessary. Success of this testing strategy is illustrated using an example of mixed salt stoichiometry and mixed hydration states. A hierarchy is suggested for efficient isolation efforts when a complex mixture of solid state samples is present.
IDH mutation, glioma immunogenicity, and therapeutic challenge of primary mismatch repair deficient IDH‐mutant astrocytoma PMMRDIA: a systematic review
Authors: Ahmad Olfat , Ahmad Tahani , Pfister Stefan M. 
Published: February 2024

In 2021, Suwala et al. described Primary Mismatch Repair Deficient IDH‐mutant Astrocytoma (PMMRDIA) as a distinct group of gliomas. In unsupervised clustering, PMMRDIA forms distinct cluster, separate from other IDH‐mutant gliomas, including IDH‐mutant gliomas with secondary mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency. In the published cohort, three patients received treatment with an immune checkpoint blocker (ICB), yet none exhibited a response, which aligns with existing knowledge about the decreased immunogenicity of IDH‐mutant gliomas in comparison to IDH‐wildtype. In the case of PMMRDIA, the inherent resistance to the standard‐of‐care temozolomide caused by MMR deficiency is an additional challenge. It is known that a gain‐of‐function mutation of IDH1/2 genes produces the oncometabolite R‐2‐hydroxyglutarate (R‐2‐HG), which increases DNA and histone methylation contributing to the characteristic glioma‐associated CpG island methylator phenotype (G‐CIMP). While other factors could be involved in remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) of IDH‐mutant gliomas, this systematic review emphasizes the role of R‐2‐HG and the subsequent G‐CIMP in immune suppression. This highlights a potential actionable pathway to enhance the response of ICB, which might be relevant for addressing the unmet therapeutic challenge of PMMRDIA.
Multivariate Metal–Organic Frameworks for Programming Functions
Authors: Jiang Wentao , Liang Cong‐Cong , Zhang Yue‐Biao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMultivariate metal–organic frameworks (MTV‐MOFs) provide a handle over programming MOF's physicochemical properties for use in functional applications. In this review, the state‐of‐art design features of MTV‐MOFs are summarized, including multivariate functionalities, mixed metals, and post‐synthetic modification, and highlight their resulting fine‐tuned performance in practical applications, such as gas storage, gas separation, water harvesting, luminescence sensing, heterogeneous catalysis, and drug delivery. Furthermore, a vision is provided for future research avenues, in which MTV‐MOFs enable the incorporation of a variety of functionalities, metals, linkers, secondary building units (SBUs), and pore metrics along a specific crystallographic direction with respect to the ordered backbone. Future directions focus on mechanistic and kinetics investigations into the formation of MTV‐MOFs in addition to high‐throughput screening with the aim of automation and artificial intelligence.
A Divalent Chikungunya and Zika Nanovaccine with Thermostable Self‐Assembly Multivalent Scaffold LS‐SUMO
Authors: Li Qianlin , Zhang Jinsong , Deng Qiang , Liao Conghui , Qian Jun , Chen Zeliang , Lu Jiahai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe convergence strategies of antigenic subunits and synthetic nanoparticle scaffold platform improve the vaccine production efficiency and enhance vaccine‐induced immunogenicity. Selecting the appropriate nanoparticle scaffold is crucial to controlling target antigens immunologically. Lumazine synthase (LS) is an attractive candidate for a vaccine display system due to its thermostability, modification tolerance, and morphological plasticity. Here, the first development of a multivalent thermostable scaffold, LS‐SUMO (SUMO, small ubiquitin‐likemodifier), and a divalent nanovaccine covalently conjugated with Chikungunya virus E2 and Zika virus EDIII antigens, is reported. Compared with antigen monomers, LS‐SUMO nanoparticle vaccines elicit a higher humoral response and neutralizing antibodies against both antigen targets in mouse sera. Mice immunized with LS‐SUMO conjugates produce CD4+ T cell‐mediated Th2‐biased responses and promote humoral immunity. Importantly, LS‐SUMO conjugates possess equivalent humoral immunogenicity after heat treatment. Taken together, LS‐SUMO is a powerful biotargeting nanoplatform with high‐yield production, thermal stability and opens a new avenue for multivalent presentation of various antigens.
Biofabrication's Contribution to the Evolution of Cultured Meat
Authors: Albrecht Franziska Brigitte , Ahlfeld Tilman , Klatt Annemarie , Heine Simon , Gelinsky Michael , Kluger Petra Juliane 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCultured Meat (CM) is a growing field in cellular agriculture, driven by the environmental impact of conventional meat production, which contributes to climate change and occupies ≈70% of arable land. As demand for meat alternatives rises, research in this area expands. CM production relies on tissue engineering techniques, where a limited number of animal cells are cultured in vitro and processed to create meat‐like tissue comprising muscle and adipose components. Currently, CM is primarily produced on a small scale in pilot facilities. Producing a large cell mass based on suitable cell sources and bioreactors remains challenging. Advanced manufacturing methods and innovative materials are required to subsequently process this cell mass into CM products on a large scale. Consequently, CM is closely linked with biofabrication, a suite of technologies for precisely arranging cellular aggregates and cell‐material composites to construct specific structures, often using robotics. This review provides insights into contemporary biomedical biofabrication technologies, focusing on significant advancements in muscle and adipose tissue biofabrication for CM production. Novel materials for biofabricating CM are also discussed, emphasizing their edibility and incorporation of healthful components. Finally, initial studies on biofabricated CM are examined, addressing current limitations and future challenges for large‐scale production.
One‐Pot Construction of Articular Cartilage‐Like Hydrogel Coating for Durable Aqueous Lubrication
Authors: Huang Jiajun , Tang Youchen , Wang Peng , Zhou Hao , Li He , Cheng Ziying , Wu Yanfeng , Xie Zhongyu , Cai Zhaopeng , Wu Dingcai , Shen Huiyong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractArticular cartilage has an appropriate multilayer structure and superior tribological properties and provides a structural paradigm for design of lubricating materials. However, mimicking articular cartilage traits on prosthetic materials with durable lubrication remains a huge challenge. Herein, an ingenious three‐in‐one strategy is developed for constructing an articular cartilage‐like bilayer hydrogel coating on the surface of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (BH‐UPE), which makes full use of conceptions of interfacial interlinking, high‐entanglement crosslinking, and interface‐modulated polymerization. The hydrogel coating is tightly interlinked with UPE substrate through hydrogel‐UPE interchain entanglement and bonding. The hydrogel chains are highly entangled with each other to form a dense tough layer with negligible hysteresis for load‐bearing by reducing the amounts of crosslinker and hydrophilic initiator to p.p.m. levels. Meanwhile, the polymerization of monomers in the top surface region is suppressed via interface‐modulated polymerization, thus introducing a porous surface for effective aqueous lubrication. As a result, BH‐UPE exhibits an ultralow friction coefficient of 0.0048 during 10 000 cycles under a load of 0.9 MPa, demonstrating great potential as an advanced bearing material for disc prosthesis. This work may provide a new way to build stable bilayer coatings and have important implications for development of biological lubricating materials.
Monolithic Strong Coupling of Topological Surface Acoustic Wave Resonators on Lithium Niobate
Authors: Zhang Zi‐Dong , Yu Si‐Yuan , Xu Haitan , Lu Ming‐Hui , Chen Yan‐Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCoherent phonon transfer via high‐quality factor (Q) mechanical resonator strong coupling has garnered significant interest. Yet, the practical applications of these strongly coupled resonator devices are largely constrained by their vulnerability to fabrication defects. In this study, topological strong coupling of gigahertz frequency surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators with lithium niobate is achieved. The nanoscale grooves are etched onto the lithium niobate surface to establish robust SAW topological interface states (TISs). By constructing phononic crystal (PnC) heterostructures, a strong coupling of two SAW TISs, achieving a maximum Rabi splitting of 22 MHz and frequency quality factor product fQm of ≈1.2 × 1013 Hz, is realized. This coupling can be tuned by adjusting geometric parameters and a distinct spectral anticrossing is experimentally observed. Furthermore, a dense wavelength division multiplexing device based on the coupling of multiple TISs is demonstrated. These findings open new avenues for the development of practical topological acoustic devices for on‐chip sensing, filtering, phonon entanglement, and beyond.
3D Crown Ether Covalent Organic Framework as Interphase Layer toward High‐Performance Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Zheng Shuang , Bi Shuai , Fu Yubin , Wu Yang , Liu Minghao , Xu Qing , Zeng Gaofeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe practical application of lithium (Li) metal batteries is inhibited by accumulative Li dendrites and continuous active Li consumption during cycling, which results in a low Coulombic efficiency and short lifetime. Constructing artificial solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer in Li anode, such as 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs), is an effective strategy to restrain the formation of Li dendrites and improve cycling performance. However, the exploration of 3D COFs as protecting layers is rarely reported, because of the preconception that the interconnect pores in 3D COFs eventually cause Li dendrites in disordered direction. 3D crown ether‐based COF with ffc topology as interphase layer, in which the crown ether units are arranged in parallel and vertical orientation along the electrode, is demonstrated. The strong coupling effect between the crown ether and Li+ accelerates Li+ diffusion kinetics and enables homogeneous Li+ flux, resulting in a high Li+ transference number of 0.85 and smooth Li deposition in 3D direction. Li/COF‐Cu cells display a lower Li‐nucleation overpotential (17.4 mV) and high average Coulombic efficiency of ≈98.6% during 340 cycles with COF incorporation. This work gives a new insight into designing COFs for energy storage systems.
Dual‐Protection Inorganic‐Protein Coating on Mg‐Based Biomaterials through Tooth‐Enamel‐Inspired Biomineralization
Authors: Zhao Ziqian , Yu Wenting , Yang Wenshuai , Zhang Guohao , Huang Charley , Han Jianmin , Narain Ravin , Zeng Hongbo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiocompatible magnesium alloys represent revolutionary implantable materials in dentistry and orthopedics but face challenges due to rapid biocorrosion, necessitating protective coatings to mitigate dysfunction. Directly integrating durable protective coatings onto Mg surfaces is challenging because of intrinsic low coating compactness. Herein, inspired by tooth enamel, a novel highly compact dual‐protection inorganic‐protein (inorganicPro) coating is in situ constructed on Mg surfaces through bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein‐boosted reaction between sodium fluoride (NaF) and Mg substrates. The association of Mg ions and BSA establishes a local hydrophobic domain that lowers the formation enthalpy of NaMgF3 nanoparticles. This process generates finer nanoparticles that function as “bricks,” facilitating denser packing, consequently reducing voidage inside coatings by over 50% and reinforcing mechanical durability. Moreover, the incorporation of BSA in and on the coatings plays two synergistic roles: 1) acting as “mortar” to seal residual cracks within coatings, thereby promoting coating compactness and tripling anticorrosion performance, and 2) mitigating fouling‐accelerated biocorrosion in complex biosystems via tenfold resistance against biofoulant attachments, including biofluids, proteins, and metabolites. This innovative strategy, leveraging proteins to alter inorganic reactions, benefits the future coating design for Mg‐based and other metallic materials with tailored anticorrosion and antifouling performances.
Advancing Catalysts by Stacking Fault Defects for Enhanced Hydrogen Production: A Review
Authors: Wang Yuan , Wang Tian , Arandiyan Hamidreza , Song Guoqiang , Sun Hongyu , Sabri Ylias , Zhao Chuan , Shao Zongping , Kawi Sibudjing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGreen hydrogen, derived from water splitting powered by renewable energy such as solar and wind energy, provides a zero‐emission solution crucial for revolutionizing hydrogen production and decarbonizing industries. Catalysts, particularly those utilizing defect engineering involving the strategical introduction of atomic‐level imperfections, play a vital role in reducing energy requirements and enabling a more sustainable transition toward a hydrogen‐based economy. Stacking fault (SF) defects play an important role in enhancing the electrocatalytic processes by reshaping surface reactivity, increasing active sites, improving reactants/product diffusion, and regulating electronic structure due to their dense generation ability and profound impact on catalyst properties. This review explores SF in metal‐based materials, covering synthetic methods for the intentional introduction of SF and their applications in hydrogen production, including oxygen evolution reaction, photo‐ and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction, overall water splitting, and various other electrocatalytic processes such as oxygen reduction reaction, nitrate reduction reaction, and carbon dioxide reduction reaction. Finally, this review addresses the challenges associated with SF‐based catalysts, emphasizing the importance of a detailed understanding of the properties of SF‐based catalysts to optimize their electrocatalytic performance. It provides a comprehensive overview of their various applications in electrocatalytic processes, providing valuable insights for advancing sustainable energy technologies.
Locally Strained 2D Materials: Preparation, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Wang Jingwei , He Liqiong , Zhang Yunhao , Nong Huiyu , Li Shengnan , Wu Qinke , Tan Junyang , Liu Bilu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract2D materials are promising for strain engineering due to their atomic thickness and exceptional mechanical properties. In particular, non‐uniform and localized strain can be induced in 2D materials by generating out‐of‐plane deformations, resulting in novel phenomena and properties, as witnessed in recent years. Therefore, the locally strained 2D materials are of great value for both fundamental studies and practical applications. This review discusses techniques for introducing local strains to 2D materials, and their feasibility, advantages, and challenges. Then, the unique effects and properties that arise from local strain are explored. The representative applications based on locally strained 2D materials are illustrated, including memristor, single photon emitter, and photodetector. Finally, concluding remarks on the challenges and opportunities in the emerging field of locally strained 2D materials are provided.
Anion‐Reinforced Solvating Ionic Liquid Electrolytes Enabling Stable High‐Nickel Cathode in Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Zou Wenhong , Zhang Jun , Liu Mengying , Li Jidao , Ren Zejia , Zhao Wenlong , Zhang Yanyan , Shen Yanbin , Tang Yuxin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIonic liquid electrolytes (ILEs) are promising to develop high‐safety and high‐energy‐density lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs). Unfortunately, ILEs normally face the challenge of sluggish Li+ transport due to increased ions’ clustering caused by Coulombic interactions. Here a type of anion‐reinforced solvating ILEs (ASILEs) is discovered, which reduce ions’ clustering by enhancing the anion–cation coordination and promoting more anions to enter the internal solvation sheath of Li+ to address this concern. The designed ASILEs, incorporating chlorinated hydrocarbons and two anions, bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide (FSI−) and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (TFSI−), aim to enhance Li+ transport ability, stabilize the interface of the high‐nickel cathode material (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, NCM811), and retain fire‐retardant properties. With these ASILEs, the Li/NCM811 cell exhibits high initial specific capacity (203 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C), outstanding capacity retention (81.6% over 500 cycles at 1.0 C), and excellent average Coulombic efficiency (99.9% over 500 cycles at 1.0 C). Furthermore, an Ah‐level Li/NCM811 pouch cell achieves a notable energy density of 386 Wh kg−1, indicating the practical feasibility of this electrolyte. This research offers a practical solution and fundamental guidance for the rational design of advanced ILEs, enabling the development of high‐safety and high‐energy‐density LMBs.
Near‐Infrared and Visible Dual‐Emitting Peptide by Modular Assembly of Nitrobenzoxadiazole and Neodymium Complexes
Authors: Yeung Yik‐Hoi , Chau Ho‐Fai , Kai Hei‐Yui , Zhou Wanqi , Chan Kaitlin Hao‐Yi , Thor Waygen , Charbonnière Loïc J. , Zhang Fan , Fan Yong , Wu Yue , Wong Ka‐Leung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe synthetic difficulty of target‐specific lanthanide complexes, despite their unique characteristics, limits their use in in vitro/ in vivo studies and biomedical applications. With commercially available and affordable reagents, a facile synthetic approach is developed to modularly deploy nitrobenzoxadiazole and neodymium complexes onto bioactive peptides. The yielded probes show observable neodymium emission with specific localization to corresponding biotargets in vitro, which became the first example of a stable, water‐soluble, and target‐specific neodymium(III) complex applicable for in vitro imaging with detectable brightness.
Enhanced parameter estimation with improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for cell culture process modeling
Authors: Fu Zhongwang , Wang Zheyu , Chen Gong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMechanism models and model‐assisted process optimization play a vital role in biopharmaceutical industry. However, the parameter estimation remains a challenging task in modeling due to the presence of multiple local optima and ill‐conditioning. In this study, we firstly presented a comparative evaluation of particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and simulated annealing (SA) for parameter estimation and confirmed PSO was the most efficient approach. Then an improved PSO algorithm using second‐order oscillation and particle replacement strategies was developed to enhance fitting performance in fed‐batch cell culture modeling. The results of fitting and model validation demonstrated that the improved PSO could explore more reasonable parameters and leading to a significantly enhancement in predictive accuracy throughout the entire cell culture process under varying conditions. Moreover, 10 diverse fed‐batch experiments were conducted to validate the fitting abilities on different process condition and clones, the improved PSO method exhibited improvements in accuracy and universality of parameter estimation for modeling various cultivation processes, particularly those lacking any prior knowledge. This improved algorithm is implemented to make it available to both the scientific community and industry, offering customized solutions for specific projects.
The human biology of spaceflight
Authors: Sarma Mallika S. , Shelhamer Mark 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo expand the human exploration footprint and reach Mars in the 2030s, we must explore how humans survive and thrive in demanding, unusual, and novel ecologies (i.e., extreme environments). In the extreme conditions encountered during human spaceflight, there is a need to understand human functioning and response in a more rigorous theoretically informed way. Current models of human performance in space‐relevant environments and human space science are often operationally focused, with emphasis on acute physiological or behavioral outcomes. However, integrating current perspectives in human biology allows for a more holistic and complete understanding of how humans function over a range of time in an extreme environment. Here, we show how the use of evolution‐informed frameworks (i.e., models of life history theory to organize the adaptive pressures of spaceflight and biocultural perspectives) coupled with the use of mixed‐methodological toolkits can shape models that better encompass the scope of biobehavioral human adjustment to long‐duration space travel and extra‐terrestrial habitation. Further, we discuss how we can marry human biology perspectives with the rigorous programmatic structures developed for spaceflight to model other unknown and nascent extremes.
Tailoring Rhodamine Probes: Oxyethylene Chains, Conjugation, and End Substituents in the Quest for Superior Hg2+ Sensing
Authors: Barkale Harshal V. , Dey Nilanjan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study explores the impact of incorporating oxyethylene (OE) chains into rhodamine‐based dye molecules for the enhancement of photophysical properties in the context of chemical sensing. The introduction of OE chains provides several advantages, including improved water solubility, photostability and resistance to self‐assembled nanoaggregates formation. Despite these, the compound with oxyethylene chains showed poor response (~2‐fold) towards Hg2+ ions than that of dimeric probe (~20 fold) with no such substituents. Notably, dimeric compound shows a remarkable three‐fold larger response to Hg2+ ion compared to monomeric compound. This intriguing outcome is attributed to the extended conjugation within the dimeric structure, which can induce conformational change of the overall molecule. Moreover, the study investigates the effects of end substituents, such as electron‐donating (−OMe, improved response) and electron‐withdrawing (−NO2, poor response) groups, on the interaction with Hg2+ ions. The excellent sensitivity of the probe molecules is also evident in significantly low detection limits for Hg2+ ion (5–8 ppb) in real‐life water samples. The high recovery values (>95 %) with sufficient low standard deviation (<5%) indicates that quantitative analysis of Hg2+ is achievable using the current protocol. Beyond that, we have employed the probe 1 for intracellular (HEK293T cells) fluorescence imaging of Hg2+.