bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stable and Electrochemically “Inactive” Metal−Organic Frameworks for Electrocatalysis
Authors: Shen Cheng‐Hui , Kung Chung‐Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMetal−organic frameworks (MOFs) with ultrahigh surface areas and interconnected porosity have been considered as attractive materials for electrocatalysis. Numerous research efforts have thus been made to develop the “electrocatalytic MOFs”. But the poor stability in water and the low electrical conductivity of most MOFs strongly limit the direct use of such electrochemically active MOFs. In this article, we aim to highlight a different concept – utilizing stable but electrochemically “inactive” MOFs for electrocatalytic reactions. Though the porous framework does not exhibit electrocatalytic activity and is electrically insulating, it could modulate the microenvironment near the underlying surface of the electrocatalyst and thus adjust the reaction rates and selectivity of the complicated electrochemical reactions. Herein, such strategies reported previously are reviewed, and the potential opportunities in future studies are discussed.
Support Engineering for the Stabilisation of Heterogeneous Pd3P‐Based Catalysts for Heck Coupling Reactions
Authors: Neyyathala Arjun , Flecken Franziska , Rang Fabian , Papke Christina , Hanf Schirin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHerein we report the use of a supported Pd3P catalyst for Heck coupling reactions. For the stabilisation of Pd3P and Pd, as reference system, the silica support material was modified via phosphorus doping (0.5 and 1 wt % P). Through this so‐called support engineering approach, the catalytic activity of Pd3P was clearly enhanced. Whereas an iodobenzene conversion of 79 % was witnessed for Pd3P@SiO2 in the coupling of styrene and iodobenzene in 1 h, 90 % conversion could be achieved using Pd3P@1P‐SiO2. This improved catalytic activity probably stems from an electronic modulation of the support surface via the introduction of phosphorus. Simultaneously, the recyclability was boosted and the Pd3P@1P‐SiO2 catalyst has shown to maintain its catalytic activity over several recovery tests. Hereby, metal leaching could almost be suppressed completely to 3 % by the use of a P‐modified silica support.
Stabilization of Diborynes versus Destabilization of Diborenes by Coordination of Lewis Bases: Unravelling the Dichotomy
Authors: de Azevedo Santos Lucas , Trujillo‐González Daniel E. , Jiménez‐Halla J. Oscar C. , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias , Solà Miquel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe have quantum chemically investigated the boron‐boron bonds in B2, diborynes B2L2, and diborenes B2H2L2 (L=none, OH2, NH3) using dispersion‐corrected relativistic density functional theory at ZORA‐BLYP‐D3(BJ)/TZ2P. B2 has effectively a single B−B bond provided by two half π bonds, whereas B2H2 has effectively a double B=B bond provided by two half π bonds and one σ 2p–2p bond. This different electronic structure causes B2 and B2H2 to react differently to the addition of ligands. Thus, in B2L2, electron‐donating ligands shorten and strengthen the boron‐boron bond whereas, in B2H2L2, they lengthen and weaken the boron‐boron bond. The aforementioned variations in boron‐boron bond length and strength become more pronounced as the Lewis basicity of the ligands L increases.
Synergistic Effects of Tranylcypromine and NRF2 Inhibitor: A Repurposing Strategy for Effective Cancer Therapy
Authors: Chen Delos , Chen Skye , Zhou Fangheng , Bo Chen Lan , Chen Ming‐Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDrug repurposing has emerged as an attractive strategy for accelerating drug discovery for cancer treatment. In this study, we investigated combining Tranylcypromine (TCP) with a number of well‐characterized drugs. Among these combinations, NRF2 inhibitor (ML385) exhibited synergistic effects in combination with TCP. Specifically, our results showed that the combination of TCP and ML385 resulted in a significant reduction in tumor proliferation while neither drug affected cancer cell growth meaningfully on its own. While further studies are needed to understand fully the extent of the synergistic efficacy, the underlying respective mechanisms and the potential side effects of this approach, our study has yielded a promising start for the development of an effective combination cancer therapy.
A Mouse Model of MHV‐1 Virus Infection for Study of Acute and Long COVID Infection
Authors: Masciarella Andrew D. , Di Gregorio Dibe M. , Ramamoorthy Rajalakshmi , Hussain Hussain , Jayakumar Arumugam R. , Paidas Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19, caused by SARS‐CoV‐2, has had a significant global impact. While vaccines and treatments have reduced severe cases and deaths, the long‐term effects are not yet well understood. Current models used for research, such as non‐human primates and transgenic mice, are expensive and require scarce Biosafety Level‐3 (BSL‐3) laboratories, thereby limiting their practicality. However, the mouse hepatitis virus 1 (MHV‐1) mouse model offers a promising alternative. This surrogate model can be investigated in more widely available Biosafety Level‐2 (BSL‐2) laboratories. Furthermore, mice are affordable and easy to handle, and utilizing MHV‐1 as a surrogate for SARS‐CoV‐2 eliminates the need for costly transgenic mice. Importantly, the MHV‐1 model successfully recapitulates COVID‐19‐related clinical symptoms, weight loss, multiorgan pathological changes and failure in acute stages, irreversible neurological complications, and other long‐term organ dysfunction post‐infection, which are similar to available human data post‐COVID‐19. To assist researchers in establishing and using the MHV‐1 mouse model, this protocol offers comprehensive guidance encompassing procedures for animal preparation, induction of viral infection, clinical observation, pathological changes, and tissue analysis for mechanistic studies, thereby yielding valuable insights into disease mechanisms and progression. By adopting the MHV‐1 model and the provided protocols, researchers can effectively circumvent financial constraints and the limited availability of BSL‐3 laboratories, thus facilitating a more accessible and cost‐effective approach to investigating the underlying mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2 pathophysiology and exploring potential therapeutic interventions. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Induction of mouse hepatitis virus 1 (MHV‐1) infection in A/J miceSupport Protocol 1: Histological evaluationSupport Protocol 2: Liver enzyme measurementSupport Protocol 3: Western blot analysis of aquaporin expressionSupport Protocol 4: mRNA measurementSupport Protocol 5: Immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescenceSupport Protocol 6: Tissue water measurement
wnt10a is required for zebrafish median fin fold maintenance and adult unpaired fin metamorphosis
Authors: Benard Erica L. , Küçükaylak Ismail , Hatzold Julia , Berendes Kilian U. W. , Carney Thomas J. , Beleggia Filippo , Hammerschmidt Matthias 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundMutations of human WNT10A are associated with odonto‐ectodermal dysplasia syndromes. Here, we present analyses of wnt10a loss‐of‐function mutants in the zebrafish.Resultswnt10a mutant zebrafish embryos display impaired tooth development and a collapsing median fin fold (MFF). Rescue experiments show that wnt10a is essential for MFF maintenance both during embryogenesis and later metamorphosis. The MFF collapse could not be attributed to increased cell death or altered proliferation rates of MFF cell types. Rather, wnt10a mutants show reduced expression levels of dlx2a in distal‐most MFF cells, followed by compromised expression of col1a1a and other extracellular matrix proteins encoding genes. Transmission electron microscopy analysis shows that although dermal MFF compartments of wnt10a mutants initially are of normal morphology, with regular collagenous actinotrichia, positioning of actinotrichia within the cleft of distal MFF cells becomes compromised, coinciding with actinotrichia shrinkage and MFF collapse.ConclusionsMFF collapse of wnt10a mutant zebrafish is likely caused by the loss of distal properties in the developing MFF, strikingly similar to the proposed molecular pathomechanisms underlying the teeth defects caused by the loss of Wnt10 in fish and mammals. In addition, it points to thus fur unknown mechanisms controlling the linear growth and stability of actinotrichia and their collagen fibrils.
Experimental study on failure precursors of coal and sandstone based on two‐step clustering of acoustic emission characteristics
Authors: Zheng Menghao , Liang Yunpei , Li Quangui , Mao Shuren , Li Shang , Li Jianbo , Qian Yanan , Zhou Junjiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAccurately determining the precursors of coal and rock failures is crucial for preventing associated risks in coal mines. In this study, based on the values of the four parameters amplitude, duration, counts and energy of acoustic emission (AE) signals, the AE signals of coal and sandstone samples failure were clustered by the two‐step clustering method. And the precursory AE signals of sample failure under uniaxial compression were analyzed and identified. Results show that the peak of AE amplitude is before that of AE duration, counts, and energy. AE signals of both coal and sandstone samples can be classified into five types. Values of the parameters of Types I–IV AE signals of the sandstone sample are lower than that of the coal sample. The duration, counts, and energy of Type V AE signals of the sandstone sample are higher than that of the coal sample. Type V AE signals, which are middle amplitude (hundreds of mV), high duration (hundreds of thousands of μS), high counts (about 10,000), and high energy (tens of thousands of mV*mS), account for the lowest proportion of all AE signals, at approximately 0.1%. And they began to occur at 87% σcof the coal sample and at 97% σcof the sandstone sample, respectively. Type V AE signals can be used as precursors of coal and sandstone samples failure under uniaxial compression.
Airside friction and heat transfer performance of micro‐bare‐tube heat exchangers with bundle diameters varying gradually from 1.0 to 0.4 mm
Authors: Gong Zhenguo , Zhou Wenjie , Cai Bowen , Lu Junliang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a micro‐bare‐tube heat exchanger structure with the tube bundle diameter varying gradually in the range of 1.0–0.4 mm is proposed. The airside friction and heat transfer performance correlations for this structure are given. This paper applies CFD simulation to develop and verify the correlation of the diameter gradually varied micro‐bare‐tube heat exchangers' performance. Compared with the traditional same diameter micro‐bare‐tube heat exchanger, the new structure not only reduces the pressure drop, but also improves the thermal hydraulic performance. The friction coefficient f is decreased by 8.59%, the pressure drop is reduced by 43.14%, the heat transfer coefficient j is increased by 12.07% compared to the constant diameter micro‐bare‐tube heat exchanger. At the same time, it reduces the void volume by 47.32% and the tube bundle manufacturing material by 28.57%. The proposed airside performance prediction equation can make the error of more than 70% source data within 10%, and the error of more than 90% source data within 20%. It is suggested to apply this empirical equation to 7–29 rows.
Promotion impact of different strontium doping on Ni‐9La+Zr catalyst for dry reforming of methane
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Al‐Fatesh Ahmed S. , Alwadai Norah , Al‐Zahrani Salma A. , Abu‐Dahrieh Jehad K. , Abasaeed Ahmed E. , Fakeeha Anis H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe potential dry reforming of methane technology allows for the synthesis of syngas from methane and carbon dioxide. Numerous investigations have been conducted on developing catalysts with exceptional activity and stability. Carbon deposition causes severe deactivation in typical nickel‐based catalysts, which is one of the most prevalent and important problems. In this study, methane was dry‐reformed over 5 wt.% Ni+xSr‐9La+Zr (x = 0–4 wt.%) catalysts for 7.5 h at 700°C and ambient pressure in a tubular fixed‐bed reactor. According to the weight percent of Sr loading, the features of the material's texture, morphology, and catalysis were investigated. N2‐physisorption, H2‐temperature programmed reduction, X‐ray diffraction, Raman, and TEM were used to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of the catalysts. N2‐physisorption research revealed that changing the weight percentage loading of the Sr promoter had little effect on the textural qualities. The overall number of reducible NiO‐interacting species over the catalyst surface increased with increasing Sr loading. The 5Ni+2Sr‐9La+Zr catalyst exhibited the optimum CH4 and CO2 conversions of 62.9%–65.9% and 69.1%–70.3%, respectively, and the lowest deactivation factor of 4.7.
Myxoid epithelioid smooth muscle tumor of the vulva: A distinct entity with MEF2D::NCOA2 gene fusion
Authors: Warmke Laura M. , Mustafa Amin , Zou Ying S. , Davis Jessica L. , Ulbright Thomas M. , Segura Sheila E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSmooth muscle tumors are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the female genital tract, including the vulva. Since vulvar smooth muscle tumors are rare, our understanding of them compared to their uterine counterparts continues to evolve. Herein, we present two cases of morphologically distinct myxoid epithelioid smooth muscle tumors of the vulva with novel MEF2D::NCOA2 gene fusion. The tumors involved 24 and 37‐year‐old women. Both tumors presented as palpable vulvar masses that were circumscribed, measuring 2.8 and 5.1 cm in greatest dimension. Histologically, they were composed of epithelioid to spindle‐shaped cells with minimal cytologic atypia and prominent myxoid matrix. Rare mitotic figures were present (1–3 mitotic figures per 10 high‐power field (HPF)), and no areas of tumor necrosis were identified. By immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells strongly expressed smooth muscle actin, calponin, and desmin, confirming smooth muscle origin. Next‐generation sequencing identified identical MEF2D::NCOA2 gene fusions. These two cases demonstrate that at least a subset of myxoid epithelioid smooth muscle tumors of the vulva represent a distinct entity characterized by a novel MEF2D::NCOA2 gene fusion. Importantly, recognition of the distinct morphologic and genetic features of these tumors is key to understanding the biological potential of these rare tumors.
Effect of Long‐Term Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Therapy on Arterial Oxygen Saturation in Patients With Mild to Moderate Heart Failure
Authors: Stanek Eric J. , Nara Andrew R. , Strohl Kingman P. , Nair Ravi N. , Decker Michael J. , Munger Mark A. 
Published: October 2023

Study Objective. To evaluate the effects of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition on continuous pulse oximetry recordings of arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2).Design. Open‐label study.Setting. Cardiology clinics at two large teaching hospitals.Patients. Eight patients with New York Heart Association Functional Class (NYHA FC) II‐III heart failure.Interventions. Patients were studied after an ACE inhibitor washout (baseline, B), and after 3 months following resumption of therapy (ACEI).Measurements and Main Results. Monitoring times for B and ACEI were approximately 22 hours. Reduction trends were observed for number (190 ± 170 vs 125 ± 67 B vs ACEI), magnitude (8.2 ± 1.4% vs 7.5 ± 1.8%), and duration (2.45 ± 2.8 vs 1.35 ± 0.8 min) of desaturations/monitoring period, and for nadir SpO2/desaturation (88.1 ± 1.5% vs 89.9 ± 3.3%). The B desaturation index [(cumulative desaturation time/monitoring period time) × 100, a measure of hypoxic stress or burden] decreased from 19.4 ± 8.1% to 11.9 ± 8.1% at ACEI (p=0.024).Conclusion. Long‐term ACE inhibitor therapy improves the profile of SpO2 values over time in patients with NYHA FC II‐III heart failure.
Clinical Decision Analysis Modeling: Short‐Term Control of Ventricular Response Rate in Atrial Fibrillation or Atrial Flutter—Digoxin versus Diltiazem
Authors: Gonzalez Edgar R. , Ornato Joseph P. , Lawson Cathy L. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. To develop a clinical decision model to compare the outcome of therapy with digoxin versus diltiazem for short‐term control of ventricular response rate (VRR) in patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.Design. Review of data from two studies that examined the percentages of response and frequency of adverse reactions in patients treated with intravenous digoxin or diltiazem to control VRR in atrial fibrillation or flutter. We constructed a clinical decision model and performed sensitivity analysis to determine if the model's predictions could be altered.Setting. Large teaching, university hospitals.Participants. Adults age 18 years or older treated with intravenous digoxin or intravenous diltiazem for atrial fibrillation or flutter (VRR > 120 beats/min). Patients with severe heart failure New York Heart Association class III or IV, a surgical procedure prior to the exacerbation, or an acute myocardial infarction were excluded.Measurements and Main Results. We measured VRR control after 1 and 24 hours of therapy (VRR < 100 beats/min or decrease of ≥ 20%) and assessed the likelihood that a patient would suffer an adverse drug reaction. Initial assumptions were that the probability digoxin would achieve VRR control was 0.10 (95% confidence interval 0.04–0.20) at 1 hour and 0.70 (95% CI 0.56–0.80) at 24 hours; the probability that diltiazem would achieve VRR control was 0.94 (95% CI 0.82–0.99) at 1 hour and 0.83 (95% CI 0.68–0.94) at 24 hours; and the probability of no serious adverse drug reaction would be 0.90 (95% CI 0.80–0.96) for digoxin and 0.96 (95% CI 0.86–0.98) for diltiazem.Results. Diltiazem was superior to digoxin with respect to the composite end point score at 1 hour (91.20 vs 17.29) and 24 hours (81.65 vs 66.43). Digoxin was superior to diltiazem at 24 hours only if the VRR was assumed to be at the highest 95% CI limit for digoxin and simultaneously at the lowest 95% CI for diltiazem (74.62 vs 68.63).Conclusions. Clinical decision analysis suggests that intravenous diltiazem is superior to intravenous digoxin in controlling VRR in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter.
The Origin and Development of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia An Age‐Dependent Process
Authors: OESTERLING JOSEPH E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough the exact cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is not well defined, it is thought to occur as the result of epithelial‐stromal interactions in the appropriate hormonal milieu. Benign prostatic hyperplasia originates in the periurethral and transition zones of the prostate in a microscopic (histologically identifiable) state as early as the third decade of life. With advancing age and the presence of androgens, approximately 50% of microscopic BPH will develop into macroscopic (palpably enlarged prostate) BPH. However, clinically significant BPH necessitating treatment will develop in only 50% of men with an enlarged prostate gland. In the United States, the estimated risk of a 50‐year‐old man undergoing a prostatectomy in his lifetime is approximately 25% to 40%. If left untreated, a significant number of symptomatic patients will remain stable or improve without adverse sequelae.
Transurethral Incision of the Prostate and Bladder Neck
Authors: RIEHMANN MORTEN , BRUSKEWITZ REGINALD 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTransurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP) is compared to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) by reviewing nonrandomized, matched, and randomized studies. These studies indicate that incision of the prostate and bladder neck relieves outflow urinary obstruction, as does TURP. The incision is relatively easier to learn and perform, and requires shorter operative time compared to TURP. The incidence of retrograde ejaculation is lower after incision than after TURP—16% versus 63%, on average. Transurethral incision of the prostate has a potential for reduced costs due to reduced operative time, shortened hospital stay, and the potential for local anesthesia.
A retrospective comparison of pharmacist and psychiatrist‐led medication management clinics in an outpatient setting
Authors: Olson Christopher , Vallabh Anuja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe need for mental health care continues to outpace available providers in the United States. Clinical pharmacists trained in mental health are an available resource for mental health care delivery. To our knowledge, studies have not compared patient outcomes between pharmacist and psychiatrist medication management clinics. The aim of this study is to assess if a significant difference exists between pharmacist and psychiatrist medication management clinics with regard to escalation of care, evidence‐based medication prescribing, and medication adherence.MethodsThis study was a retrospective chart review of patients who received an outpatient prescription from a mental health provider between January 1, 2017 to July 1, 2018 at an urban Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center. The primary outcome was a composite of hospital admissions and emergency department visits due to a psychiatric or substance use condition. Secondary outcomes assessed in this study included treatment aspects related to escalation of care, medication prescribing, and adherence to treatment.ResultsIn this study, 111 patients were included in the pharmacist group and 110 patients in the psychiatrist group with patients matched based on diagnoses. The primary outcome was similar between groups (p = 0.646). The pharmacist clinic had a significantly higher medication possession ratio (p < 0.00001) and laboratory monitoring (p = 0.0015). The psychiatrist clinic had a significantly higher ratio of clinic appointments attended (p = 0.0025).DiscussionPsychiatric pharmacists may serve as an additional resource to provide evidence‐based medication management and improve medication adherence without the need for escalation of care. Increased utilization of psychiatric pharmacists can help improve access to quality care with the psychiatrist shortage.
Treatment Options for Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome: A Real‐World, Single‐Center Experience with Systematic Literature Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Falsaperla Raffaele , Scalia Bruna , Collotta Ausilia Desiree , Giacchi Valentina , Cimino Carla , Ruggieri Martino 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe optimal therapeutic management of cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) remains elusive. The objective of this study was to document our clinical experience in the Pediatric Department of San Marco Hospital and to survey the literature on pediatric CVS treatment, aiming to update the guidance on the most effective treatment strategies for this not‐so‐uncommon condition. Data from 70 patients with CVS, admitted to our Pediatric Department between September 2011 and December 2021, were aggregated and included in the study. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS‐2) tool and the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR‐2) method. Treatment responses, as observed both in the literature and in our own experience, are variable. In our cohort, topiramate demonstrated superiority over other pharmacological treatments, exhibiting an efficacy of 85% in the patients treated. A universally accepted treatment protocol for pediatric CVS has yet to be established. The efficacy of first‐line treatments is generally suboptimal, suggesting that topiramate might serve as a safe and effective primary therapeutic option for pediatric CVS.