bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deworming coverage and its determinants among 12–59 months old children in East Africa: A population-based study
Authors: Terefe Bewuketu , Jembere Mahlet Moges , Assimamaw Nega Tezera , Chekole Bogale 
Published: February 2024

Background
Intestinal parasitic infections are the world’s largest public health issue, primarily in developing nations. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends deworming as a preventative or therapeutic measure for all vulnerable people residing in endemic areas. Despite this issue, there is little data on the prevalence and associated factors of deworming drug use among children under five years of age in East Africa.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and contributing factors of deworming coverage among children under the age of five in East Africa using the most available national health survey data.

Methods
Data from the Demographic and Health Survey, which included 103,865 weighted children between the ages of 12–59 months, were used in this investigation. Our outcome of interest was taking deworming medicine six months before the interview. A logistic regression model was then fitted. A cutoff P value of 0.2 was used in the binary logistic regression analysis. To identify significant variables, a 95% confidence interval and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a value < 0.05 were used.

Results
The prevalence of deworming in East Africa was 54.13% (95% CI: 53.83%–54.43%). The maternal age group of 24–34 years, and from 35–49 years (AOR = 1.37, 95% CI, 1.32,1.42), and (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI, 1.62,1.79), employed women (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI, 1.58,1.67), being from rural(AOR = 1.11,95% CI,1.07,1.15), unmarried mothers (AOR = 1.12,95% CI,1.09,1.15), mothers from poorer, middle, richer, and richest households (AOR = 1.16,95% CI, 1.12,1.21), (AOR = 1.23, 95% CI, 1.18,1.28), (AOR = 1.22,95% CI, 1.16,1.27), and (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI, 1.21,1.34) having at least one antenatal care follow up(AOR = 2.90, 95% CI, 2.63,3.16), health facility delivery(AOR = 1.69, 95% CI,1.64,1.75), mass media exposure AOR = 1.32, 955 CI, 1.29,1.36), having of 3–5 children (AOR = 0.89, 95% CI, 0.86,0.93), more than five children (AOR = 0.79, 95% CI, 0.73,0.86), and parity of 2nd or 3rd birth order (AOR = 1.05, 95% CI, 1.01,1.09) as compared to primi mothers were associated with the deworming among under five children in east Africa respectively.

Conclusion
The under-five population in East Africa had a lower prevalence of deworming medication per the most recent DHS findings. Promoting mother and child health services (antenatal care, institutional delivery, family planning), as well as women’s empowerment, should be prioritized.
Exercise induced plasma volume expansion lowers cardiovascular strain during 15-km cycling time-trial in acute normobaric hypoxia
Authors: Gorini Pereira Felipe , Greenfield Andrew M. , Kuennen Matthew , Gillum Trevor L. 
Published: February 2024

The purpose of our study was to assess the influence of a single high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) bout in normoxia on plasma volume (PV) and consequent cycling performance in normobaric hypoxia (0.15 FiO2, simulating ~2,500 m). Eight males (VO2peak: 48.8 ± 3.4 mL/kg/min, 24.0 ± 1.6 years) completed a hypoxic 15 km cycling time trial (TT), followed by a crossover intervention of either HIIE (8x4 min cycling bouts at 85% of VO2peak) or CON (matched kJ production from HIIE at 50% of VO2peak). 48 hours post intervention, an identical TT was performed. Cardiovascular parameters were measured via impedance cardiography during each TT. Changes in PV was measured 24 and 48 hours post HIIE and CON. HIIE increased PV at 24 (4.1 ± 3.9%, P = 0.031) and 48 (6.7 ± 1.7, P = 0.006) hours post, while no difference was observed following the CON (1.3 ± 1.1% and 0.3 ± 2.8%). The higher PV led to an increased stroke volume (P = 0.03) and cardiac output (P = 0.02) during the hypoxic TT, while heart rate was not changed (P = 0.49). We observed no changes in time to completion (−0.63 ± 0.57 min, P = 0.054) and power output (7.37 ± 7.98 W, P = 0.078) between TTs. In the absence of environmental stress, a single bout of HIIE was an effective strategy to increase PV and reduce the cardiovascular strain during a cycling TT at moderate simulated altitude but did not impact hypoxic exercise performance.
Trial registration: Clinical Trials ID: NCT05800808
El caso “Gernika” en la investigación alemana de la postguerra y la evasión de responsabilidades
Authors: Viñas Ángel 
Published: February 2024

Lo que en el presente texto se denomina el Informe Drum es el comentario, de una parte muy limitada del mismo, relacionada con el bombardeo de Gernika. El informe abarca otras experiencias nazis en la guerra civil española. Se encuentran algunas referencias al mismo en libros pioneros de historiadores alemanes. Me he centrado en el más importante, el del profesor Manfred Merkes, porque en numerosos puntos no ha sido superado en su conjunto.
La tesis defendida es que, como era frecuente en la época, los aviadores alemanes esquivaron, a decir verdad, ocultaron su responsabilidad en la destrucción de Gernika. Dado que el informe fue encargado por la U.S. Air Force al comienzo de los años cincuenta, interesaba a los autores subrayar el carácter anticomunista de su intervención en la guerra civil, dado el acercamiento entre Estados Unidos y la dictadura española.
Challenges Facing Private Solar Energy Firms in Egypt: A Microeconomic Perspective
Authors: El Hini Maha , Ibrahim Nooran , Younes Kareem , Hassaballa Hoda 
Published: February 2024

The need for the use of renewable energy sources in general and solar energy in particular is immensely increasing over time. It is true that our planet’s future relies to a great extent on the speed of shifting to renewables instead of the use of fossil fuels for energy supply. Accordingly, the Egyptian government has put sustainable development as a priority in its 2030 vision. But to achieve sustainability, various obstacles that impede this process should be carefully identified and addressed. For that, this research work is studying various challenges and barriers that face private solar energy suppliers in Egypt. This is conducted by using an exploratory approach that relies on detailed interviews with private solar energy firms. Results highlight that private solar energy firms are challenged by trade barriers, market barriers, organisational barriers from New and Renewable Energy Authority (NREA), macroeconomic barriers and legal barriers. Furthermore, this study provides policy solutions to partially address the identified barriers and to further speed up the transition to solar energy production and usage.
Keywords: Solar energy market, Egypt, Barriers and challenges, Semi structured interviews, renewables.
JEL: O1, Q2, Q4
Construcción de significados frente al cuidado en familias monoparentales con jefatura femenina: política pública en familia
Authors: Rodríguez Paula Andrea , López Rodríguez Claudia Johana , Román Cárdenas Angie Paola 
Published: February 2024

The general objective of this project was to understand the processes of care in single-parent families headed by women in Bogotá, from interactional, contextual and narrative readings, in conjunction with the Public Policy for families in Bogotá, that favors the construction of meanings and interactions generating well-being for its members. It was based on a qualitative methodology with phenomenological design since it sought to know the meanings and personal experience of each family around care and public family policies, from its subjectivity. Similarly, it is framed from the research/intervention model. Three single-parent families headed by women participated in an active process in the SAP Psychological Care Service of the Santo Tomás University. Three group and individual meetings were held based on previously established methodological designs. An analysis was performed with the help of atlas.it software. It is noted that there is recursion of personal care and care with the other, understanding the co-responsibility among members; In addition, the development of care tasks in everyday family life are the most frequent expressions and tend to be linked to the meanings of motherhood; likewise, in mothers there is an overload of linking functions and roles in different contexts.
Arriving the optimum retarder dosage level of sugar on the setting time, compressive strength, and microstructure property of Portland pozzolana cement
Authors: Palaniappan Meyyappan , Murugan Karthiga , Gurusamy Aravind , Koppayaraj Aarthi , Sivasubramanian Keerthickbalaji 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCement and concrete are the most crucial and dominating engineering materials in the construction sector. Cement serves as an excellent binder for concrete and when it is treated under unusual conditions either to satisfy accelerating or retarding requirements by the construction industries, admixtures role comes into the effect. The construction industry has been searching for retarding admixtures and the optimal dosage level, particularly for ready mix concrete applications. Generally the retarding admixtures such as organic retarders (lignosulphonates, hydroxycarboxylic acids and their salts, phosphonates, sugars) or inorganic retarders (phosphonates, borates) were generally used to reduce the speed of the reaction between cement and water by altering the growth of the hydration products and/or limiting the rate of water penetration to the cement particles. The research was still in its infancy stage in terms of determining not just the appropriate dosage amount, but also the ideal retarder materials for the aforementioned uses. In considering this industrial need, an attempt was made on utilizing the usage of sugar in the concrete to study the retarding effect without affecting the strength properties of cement. The sugars usage levels were at 5, 10, 15, and 20% of the usage of cement to investigate consistency, setting time, compressive strength and micro structure properties at the curing age of 7, 14 and 28 days on the mortar specimens. The conclusions of the study reported that setting time was extended with increase of the dosage levels of sugar. However in considering the strength property, less than 5% of sugar dosage level can be better for the application as retarding agent in the industry applications.
The Hybrid Musical Landscape of Ligeti's Late Concertos
Authors: Levy Benjamin R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiscussing his Horn Trio, György Ligeti imaginatively describes the second movement as a dance that was “inspired by different folk musics of nonexistent people, as if Hungary, Romania, and all of the Balkans were located somewhere between Africa and the Caribbean.” And in more general remarks about his works, he goes on to suggest that, rather than overtly referencing their stylistic features, he abstracted technical principles from various traditions and combined them into an idiosyncratically amalgamated musical language. This essay shows an expansive approach to hybridity in Ligeti's Violin Concerto and Hamburg Concerto, going well beyond previous remarks about African rhythmic influences. Ligeti's practice encompasses not only rhythm, but also texture, pitch, and tuning systems; it spans a wider breadth of traditions as well, including newly identified sources such as flute and panpipe ensembles from New Guinea and yodeling traditions from across the globe. An analysis of passages from these late concertos – undertaken alongside evidence from his ethnomusicological sources, recordings, and sketches housed at the Paul Sacher Stiftung – demonstrates the intricacies and patterns of Ligeti's late style and the compelling statement it makes about the role of hybridity and globalization in contemporary life.
Toward a Metadata Standard for Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Data Collection
Authors: Lai Voon Hui , Hodgkinson Kathleen M. , Porritt Robert W. , Mellors Robert 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With increasing geophysical applications using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology, there is a need to implement a metadata standard specifically for DAS to facilitate the integration of DAS measurements across experiments and increase reusability. We propose a metadata standard intended primarily for the DAS research community, which fully describes the five key components of a DAS experiment: (1) interrogator; (2) data acquisition; (3) channels; (4) cable; and (5) fiber. The proposed metadata schema, which is the overall structure of the metadata, is hierarchical based, with a parent “overview” metadata block describing the experiment, and two main child branches describing the instrument (i.e., interrogator, photonics setup, and acquisition parameters) and the sensor locations (i.e., cable installation and fiber properties). The metadata schema is designed to be independent of the time-series data so that corrections and updates can be applied to the metadata without having to manipulate large volumes of time-series data. Unique identifiers are used as pointers that map different components within the metadata schema; they also provide a natural basis for the naming convention (i.e., source identifier) of the time-series data in which the time series can be described using identifiers defined by the metadata standard. We advocate for the metadata to be stored in a separate structure from the data itself. The metadata standard is successfully applied to four common scenarios: horizontal direct buried cable, dark fiber, borehole cable, and active survey, and two hypothetical scenarios: multiple interrogators to a single cable, and a single interrogator to multiple cables. Finally, we use GitHub to implement version control for the metadata standard, to enable community collaboration and facilitate sustainable development of the metadata standard, as the DAS technology and application continue to evolve.
Earthquake Disaster Fatality Data: Temporally Stable Power Law Behavior and Effects of Underreporting
Authors: Joshi Niranjan , Roberts Roland , Tryggvason Ari , Lund Björn 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We investigate changes in the global reported fatalities from earthquake disasters in the global Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT). Drawing parallels with the Gutenberg–Richter frequency–magnitude analysis, in terms of disaster frequency versus the number of casualties, we see a significant overlap of the curves and improving levels of completeness over six 20-year periods. This implies a decrease in underreporting with time. We find that the apparent strong upward trend in the number of (reported) earthquake disasters in EM-DAT is caused by a gradually improved reporting primarily of events killing fewer than 10 people. Our findings imply that the true (reported and unreported) number of earthquake disasters, according to the EM-DAT definition, has been surprisingly constant over, at least, the last 100 yr. We also show that the average annual number of people killed in earthquake disasters is relatively unaffected by spurious trends in reporting and has remained remarkably constant despite population increase. This implies an impressive reduced mortality risk roughly proportional to population increase since 1900. However, there is no indication in the data that the risk of future mega-disasters is negligible, and further major reductions in vulnerability should be actively pursued.
Effets Environnementaux et Sanitaires de la Teinture Artisanale à Dianéguela en Commune VI du District de Bamako
Authors: Toure Abdoulkadri Oumarou , Maiga Fatoumata , Ouattara Issa , Diya Ahamadou , Camara Bourama 
Published: February 2024

Dans le district de Bamako, les cours d’eau sont le milieu récepteur privilégié des rejets des activités de teinture. Ces rejets, non traités sont source de problèmes environnementaux et sanitaires. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser les effets environnementaux et sanitaires de la teinture artisanale à Dianéguela en commune VI du district de Bamako. La méthodologie s’est appuyée sur l’observation directe, les enquêtes et l’analyse de certains paramètres qualitatifs de l’eau usée de teinture et des eaux de la rivière de Dianéguela. Par rapport à la turbidité, les résultats font ressortir respectivement 109 UNT pour le point A, 47 UNT pour le point B et 5 UNT pour le point C. La DBO, la DCO, l’oxygène dissous, la couleur, le pH, les orthophosphates, l’arsenic et la conductivité analysés ne répondent pas aux normes maliennes de rejet, ni à la grille d’évaluation relative aux eaux de surface de bonne qualité. Les effets sont la dégradation de la qualité des eaux de la rivière de Dianéguela avec une incidence négative sur l’environnement biophysique et la santé humaine ainsi que les nuisances olfactives. La gestion durable des effluents de teinture à Dianéguela nécessite la réhabilitation du centre de teinturerie, le traitement des eaux par une station d’épuration, la sensibilisation des teinturières, l’application rigoureuse de la règlementation.

In the Bamako district, waterways are the preferred receptors for waste from dyeing activities. These untreated discharges are a source of environmental and health problems. This study aims to analyze the environmental and health effects of artisanal dyeing in Dianéguela in municipality VI of the Bamako district. The methodology was based on direct observation, surveys, and analysis of qualitative parameters of the dyeing wastewater and the waters of the Dianéguela river. Regarding turbidity, the results show 109 NTU for point A, 47 NTU for point B, and 5 NTU for point C, respectively. The BOD, COD, dissolved oxygen, color, pH, orthophosphates, arsenic and conductivity analyzed do not meet Malian discharge standards, nor the evaluation grid for good quality surface water. The effects are degradation of water quality in the Dianéguela river, with a negative impact on the biophysical environment and human health, as well as odor nuisance. Sustainable management of dyeing effluents in Dianéguela requires rehabilitation of the dyeing center, water treatment by a wastewater treatment plant, awareness-raising among dyers, and rigorous enforcement of regulations.
AUTOIMMUNE OPTIC NEUROPATHY (AON) PROFILE AT OPHTHALMOLOGY OUTPATIENT CLINIC OF A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN SURABAYA, INDONESIA
Authors: Devanty Dwi Santosa  , Lukisiari Agustini  , Artaria Tjempakasari  
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Autoimmune optic neuropathy (AON) is one of the diseases that involve the central nervous system (CNS) and can result in disability if not treated quickly and appropriately.
The autoimmune optic neuropathy (AON) patient’s profile, including disease etiology and therapy, is essential to minimize the incidence of AON.

Abstract
Background: Autoimmune optic neuropathy (AON) is a kind of optic neuritis that causes progressive and severe vision loss. The presence of an autoimmune disease usually characterizes the diagnosis of this disease. Several autoimmune processes that can cause AON are Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD), Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Immunoglobulin (MOG-IgG), and other disorders, specifically systemic autoimmune disease, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE), Sjogren’s Syndrome, and Sarcoidosis. Risk factors for AON involve young adults and women. Most of the patients received therapy according to the ONTT protocol and underwent outpatient treatment with oral methylprednisolone or prednisone. Objective: The study aimed to obtain the autoimmune optic neuropathy (AON) profile in patients at the Ophthalmology Outpatient Installation of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia, in the 2017-2022 Period. Material and Method: This retrospective descriptive study used medical records; 70 subjects were included. Result: Most subjects suffered from SLE (55.7%) as the cause of AON and received therapy according to the ONTT protocol, namely oral methylprednisolone or prednisone (67.1%) with outpatient therapy. Some patients were given other therapies (25.7%), such as mecobalamin and other B complex vitamins. Conclusion: AON is an uncommon condition. However, if not treated promptly and effectively, it can result in handicaps. This study may serve as a reference for future relevant research and as an attempt to prevent the disease.
ARE THE GINGIVAL DISPLAY AND THE SMILE ARC IN MALES AND FEMALES DIFFERENT?
Authors: Wita Anggraini  , Indrani Sulistyowati  , Annisaa Putri Ariyani  , Stephany Alexandra  
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Gingival display and smile arc enhance the aesthetic value of a person's smile and may be influenced through dental treatment.
The individual profile photographs taken during social smiles can be used to evaluate dental treatment plans.

Abstract
Background: An aesthetic smile is part of a person's attraction and affects their level of psychosocial well-being. Gingival display and smile arc belong to smile components that enhance the aesthetic value of a person's smile. Objective: To determine the differences in gingival display and smile arc in social smiles between males and females. Material and method: This analytical observational study was conducted with a cross-sectional design. A total of 110 photographs (55 males and 55 females) of study subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were taken directly by Canon EOS-600D while performing social smile poses. The CorelDraw Graphic Suite 2022 measured gingival appearance and smile curves. The Chi-square test was performed to analyze the differences in gingival display and smile arc between males and females. Result: Based on gingival display, social smiles between genders were categorized into moderate (56.4% males and 58.2% females), low (30.9% males and 20% females), high (9.1% males and 18.2% females), and very high (3.6% males and females) smile lines. Social smiles based on smile arc were categorized into consonant (85.5% males and 96.4% females), straight (10.9% males and 3.6% females), and inverted (3.6% men and 0% women) smiles. No statistical differences were found in gingival display (p=0.397) or smile arc (p=0.113). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in gingival display or smile arc between males and females. Females, on the other hand, had an increased gingival show while smiling and no inverted smile arc.