bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Race/ethnicity and sex: Assessment of trends and disparities in palliative care utilization among patients with de novo metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Freeman Jincong Q. , Li James L. , Akhiwu Ted 
Published: October 2023

82 Background: Palliative care services (PCS) have been shown to improve the quality of life of patients (pts) with late-stage cancers; however, they remain underutilized. Further, national trends and racial/ethnic disparities in PCS use among metastatic breast cancer pts by sex are unclear. Methods: We analyzed data from pts with de novo metastatic breast cancer in the 2004-2019 National Cancer Database (NCDB), a joint project of the Commission on Cancer of the American College of Surgeons and American Cancer Society. Per NCDB, PCS, including surgery, radiotherapy, systemic therapy, and/or pain management, were performed to manage pain or symptoms/side effects; use was categorized as “yes/no.” Racial/ethnic groups included non-Hispanic (NH) Asian, NH Black, Hispanic, and NH White. Sex was reported as “female/male” per NCDB. Trends in PCS use were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression models were fit to assess racial/ethnic disparities in PCS use by sex. Results: Of 134,943 pts (mean age 62 years [SD=14]), 98.6% were female. Most (74.1%) were NH White, followed by 17.2% NH Black, 5.9% Hispanic, and 2.7% NH Asian. Sociodemographic and clinicopathologic factors differed significantly across racial/ethnic groups. Overall, 20.3% used PCS, with a significant increase from 15.6% in 2004-2005 to 24.6% in 2018-2019 ( p trend <.001). The percentage of PCS use was 20.3% in female pts, with a significant increase from 15.7% in 2004-2005 to 24.6% in 2018-2019 ( p trend <.001). Similarly, 20.2% of male pts used PCS, with a significant increase from 12.7% in 2004-2005 to 24.1% in 2018-2019 ( p trend <.001). 21.0 % of NH White, 19.5% of NH Black, 17.1% of NH Asian, and 15.2% of Hispanic female pts used PCS; and 21.5% of NH White, 16.9% of NH Black, 15.4% of NH Asian, and 15.0% of Hispanic male pts did. In the adjusted regression models, NH Black (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=0.88, 95% CI: 0.84-0.92, p<.001), NH Asian (AOR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.67-0.81, p<.001), and Hispanic (AOR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.59-0.69, p<.001) female pts were less likely to have used PCS than NH White female pts. NH Black male pts were less likely to have used PCS than their White male counterparts (AOR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.39-0.82, p=.002). Although Hispanic (AOR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.34-1.32, p=.246) and NH Asian (AOR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.16-1.36, p=.166) male pts were also less likely than NH White male pts to have used PCS, these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The current study reports a low prevalence of PCS utilization, though with significant increases from 2004-2005 to 2018-2019, and highlights racial/ethnic disparities in utilization among pts with de novo metastatic breast cancer, regardless of sex. Equity-focused cancer supportive care programs should consider improving the utilization of, and equitable access to, PCS in this patient population, particularly in racial/ethnic minority communities.
Measurement of Psoas Major Correlating with Functional Performance in Asymptomatic Adults—An MRI and Ultrasound Study
Authors: Chu Yean , Chen Chao-Yin , Wang Chung-Li , Huang Min-Hsuan , Hsu Wei-Li , Lai Dar-Ming , Wang Shwu-Fen 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
Contraction of the psoas major (PM) stabilizes the lumbar–pelvic–hip region. Most studies use invasive radiology and expensive tools to determine the muscle width (MW) and cross-sectional area (CSA) or to activate the PM. Few studies use dynamic ultrasound imaging (USI). This study establishes the reliability and validity of dynamic USI for the measurement of MW and CSA of the PM, compares the results of three different lumbar–pelvic–hip stabilization tasks for resting and contraction, and determines the correlation with functional performance.

Methods
The muscle CSA (CSAMRI) and width (MWMRI) of the PM at the level of the third lumbar vertebra were measured in 19 asymptomatic adults using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). USI was used for three tasks: pull-knee-approximate-hip, short lordosis, and active straight leg raise. The CSA (CSAUSI) and width (MWUSI) of the PM on the right side of body were measured using USI. On the same day, Timed Up and Go and five-repetition sit-to-stand (5R-STS) tests were used to determine functional performance.

Results
Reliability values for the MWUSI and CSAUSI were excellent for the three tasks. MWUSI and CSAUSI were significantly correlated with MWMRI and CSAMRI (r = 0.71–0.99). All tasks significantly increased the MWUSI and CSAUSI for PM contraction. In terms of the relationship between functional performance and changes in MWUSI or CSAUSI (ΔCSAUSI), only ΔCSAUSI was negatively correlated with the results for 5R-STS (r = −0.49, P < 0.05).

Conclusion
USI is a highly reliable method to measure the PM. The tasks for this study activated PM contraction, but there was no significant difference in contraction for the tasks. Measuring PM using USI gives real-time dynamic information during muscle contraction with functional performance.
Conflicting Associations among Bioelectrical Impedance and Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Young White and Black Adults
Authors: GRAYBEAL AUSTIN J. , BRANDNER CALEB F. , STAVRES JON 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The purpose of this cross-sectional evaluation was to determine the associations between raw bioelectrical impedance and cardiometabolic health parameters in a sample of young non-Hispanic White and African American adults.

Methods
A total of 96 (female: 52, male: 44) non-Hispanic White (n = 45) and African American adults (n = 51) between the ages of 19 and 37 yr (22.7 ± 3.83 yr) completed several fasted assessments including resting systolic blood pressure (rSBP), blood glucose (FBG), blood lipids, and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy. Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy–derived measurements included phase angle, bioimpedance index (BI), impedance ratio (IR), reactance index (XCi), fat-free mass (FFM), FFM index (FFMi), and absolute (a) and relative (%) total body water (TBW) and extracellular (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF). All bioelectric variables were collected at 50 kHz other than IR (250 kHz/5 kHz). Multiple regressions were conducted and adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index.

Results
rSBP was positively, and HDL was inversely, associated with all bioelectrical impedance and absolute hydration variables (all P ≤ 0.050) other than XCi for rSBP and XCi and FFMi for HDL. rSBP (P < 0.001) was inversely, and HDL (P = 0.034) was positively, associated with IR. FBG was positively associated with BI, XCi, FFM, TBWa, and ECFa (all P < 0.050). Metabolic syndrome severity was positively associated with BI, FFM, TBWa, and ECFa for women (all P ≤ 0.050) and with ICFa for African American women (P = 0.016).

Conclusions
Given the rapid increase in the prevalence of cardiometabolic health risks among young adults and the broad use of bioelectrical impedance in practice, the conflicting associations we observed in this age group suggest that bioelectrical impedance parameters should be used with caution in the context of cardiometabolic health risks and age.
Demystifying physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling among non-modelers towards model-informed medicine use in under-served populations.
Authors: Freriksen Jolien , Heijden Joyce van der , de Hoop-Sommen Marika , Johnson Trevor , Yeo Karen R , Kerwash Essam , Cole Susan , Nooney Janet , Greupink Rick , Zhao Ping , Wildt Saskia de 
Published: October 2023

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models represent computational technology to characterize drug behavior within the context of detailed human physiology. Today, PBPK is routinely used in drug development and regulatory approval to support decisions on how a medicine can be used under certain clinical conditions. As such, PBPK has the potential to enhance medicine use for populations that are often under-served globally in drug development and clinical care, namely pediatric patients, pregnant and lactating women. To facilitate broader applications of PBPK for these populations, we joined force and organized five hands-on workshops primarily to non-modelers on the principles of PBPK and its potential applications in pediatric and obstetric pharmacology in 2021 and 2022. In this open letter, we report learning objectives and content of such workshops and to highlight the significant value of these educational efforts.
The Symmetry Argument for Catholic Integralism
Authors: Vallier Kevin 
Published: October 2023

Liberalism is taking a beating. Many regimes return to religious rationales for state authority. They increasingly oppose liberal institutions. This essay lays the groundwork for engaging these religious anti-liberalisms. In this essay, I assess the religious anti-liberalism known as Catholic integralism. This ancient doctrine challenged historic political philosophers like Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. Surprisingly, it has recently resurfaced in some Catholic intellectual circles.
Integralists propose that governments exist to secure the common good: temporal and spiritual. God authorizes two powers to govern humankind. The state governs in matters temporal, the church in matters spiritual. When their missions intersect, the church is sovereign owing to its nobler purpose.
Contemporary Catholic political philosophy rejects integralism. But it remains overwhelmingly perfectionist: states exist to promote the authentic individual and common good. These natural law perfectionists say that states should promote natural goods: goods, such as health and friendship, that anyone can see as such through the use of reason. States should not promote supernatural goods: goods, such as faith and hope, that we only grasp through revelation. Catholic perfectionists treat natural and supernatural goods asymmetrically.
Integralists reject the asymmetry. God authorizes the church to promote supernatural goods, and the church may direct the state to advance its mission. On this basis, I argue that integralists can mount a powerful philosophical argument against standard natural law perfectionism—the symmetry argument. It claims that natural law perfectionists cannot justify their asymmetric treatment of goodness. Integralism, in contrast, treats the good symmetrically.
Theodicy, Regress, and the Problem of Eternal Separation
Authors: Bungum Donald 
Published: October 2023

The problem of eternal separation is the problem of explaining how someone could be happy in heaven while knowing that his beloved is in hell. Some argue that this problem is insoluble, while others try to solve it through the lover, the beloved, or the love between them. I argue that the problem of eternal separation is really three problems, namely, of suffering, separation, and regret. I show that no existing reply solves these problems simultaneously. I then present a new approach through theodicy. I argue that, if we reflect on what it would take to defeat the suffering from losing one’s beloved to hell, a regress emerges, and an adequate solution to the problem of eternal separation is a solution to this regress. I articulate five replies to the regress and evaluate their prospects. The upshot is a roadmap to defending the traditional Christian view of heaven and hell.
An interfaith dialogue ou Paul Ricoeur's challenge of tolerance in our day
Authors: Edelheit Joseph , Moore James 
Published: October 2023

Este artigo assume a forma de um diálogo. Essa escolha pretende ser um prolongamento da forma como Ricœur abordava todos os problemas filosóficos. É na sua obra Le juste que encontramos aquela que é, porventura, a sua definição mais clara de diálogo, a qual designava conversa. Nesse texto, Ricœur sustenta que existem diversas normas que regem a discussão autêntica, e que incluem a necessidade de assegurar a todos a possibilidade de participar na conversa, e de providenciar razões para as teses avançadas. Tais normas requerem que todos têm direito a tomar a palavra mas também assumem a necessidade de ouvir de forma respeitosa. Acima tudo, é preciso que todos “aceitem as consequências de uma decisão”. Ou seja, é preciso chegar a um compromisso. Tal conclusão aplicar-se-á de forma privilegiada ao tópico do trabalho de Ricœur que exploramos neste artigo, a saber, as suas reflexões sobre a tolerância, especialmente as reflexões sobre a intolerância e a erosão da tolerância. O nosso diálogo aborda o contexto histórico do trabalho original, sublinhando diversas referências das Escrituras àquilo que Ricœur descreve como tolerância, e que são essenciais para a sua reflexão sobre a tolerância e a sua erosão.
Palavras-chave: Indignação; indiferença; intolerância; o intolerável; tolerância.
The Unmasking of Cytomegalovirus as an Accomplice to Helicobacter pylori–Induced Severe Acute Gastroenteritis in a Healthy Host
Authors: Kreidieh Malek , Gurala Dhineshreddy , Amarnath Shivantha , Philipose Jobin , Colef Robert , Yassine Ahmad Abou , Gumaste Vivek 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) belongs to the Herpesviridae family, and it is considered the largest virus to infect humans. Primary CMV infection frequently targets immunodeficient patients and is often symptomatic. However, it may remain latent or clinically unapparent for years in immunocompetent individuals. CMV infection rarely presents as an invasive disease in the latter group of individuals, in which case, the most common site of involvement in the gastrointestinal tract. When CMV affects the gastrointestinal tract, the colon and stomach are the 2 frequently involved sites. This case report describes a unique case of an immunocompetent patient who presented with acute excruciating periumbilical pain and was diagnosed with acute gastritis secondary to CMV infection and possible Helicobacter pylori–associated chronic active gastritis. Symptoms resolved entirely soon after treatment with antimicrobials that cover for both infections. The diagnosis was based on histopathologic findings from biopsies taken from the stomach during the endoscopic evaluation combined with positive CMV serology and positive CMV-deoxyribonucleic acid.
Model Interaksi Volume, Kecepatan Dan Kepadatan Di Ruas Jalan Budi Utomo Singkawang
Authors: Yudha Sasmita Petrus , Paryanto P , Windarta Jaka 
Published: October 2023

Permasalahan lalu lintas di jalan merupakan suatu hal yang kompleks dan perlu ditangani secara serius. Pergerakan arus lalu lintas kendaraan di jalan secara umum terdiri dari volume, kecepatan dan kepadatan lalu lintas yang akan dianalisis merupakan dasar variabel untuk menginformasikan tentang kondisi suatu sistem transportasi sebagai penilaian kualitas sistem transportasi pada suatu wilayah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, pemodelan dan uji statistika yang menjelaskan hubungan antara volume, kecepatan, dan kepadatan menggunakan analisa model Greenshields, Greenberg, dan Underwood didapatkan bahwa model yang paling sesuai untuk digunakan pada ruas Jalan Budi Utomo adalah model Underwood dengan persamaan model matematis untuk koefisien determinasi (R2) = 83.5% dan standar error sebesar 0.031. Kata kunci: Pergerakan lalu lintas, volume, kecepatan, kepadatan, Greenshield, Greenberg, Underwood Abstract The problem of traffic on the road is a complex matter and needs to be taken seriously. The movement of vehicular traffic on the road in general consists of volume, speed and traffic density which will be analyzed as basic variables to inform about the condition of a transportation system as an assessment of the quality of the transportation system in an area. Based on the results of analysis, modeling and statistical tests that explain the relationship between volume, speed, and density using the analysis of the Greenshields, Greenberg, and Underwood models, it was found that the most suitable model for use on Jalan Budi Utomo is the Underwood 𝐷 −model with a mathematical model equation for the speed relationship. -density is 𝑈𝑠 = 39.203 × 𝑒 200, for thevolume-velocity relationship is 𝑉 = 200 × 𝑈𝑠 × 𝑙𝑛 39.203, and for the volume-density relationship 𝑉 =𝑈𝑠39.203 × 𝐷 × 𝑒 𝐷 − 200 with the coefficient of determination (R2) = 83.5% and the standard error is 0.031. Keywords: Traffic movement, volume, speed, density, Greenshield, Greenberg, Underwood
Evaluasi Risiko Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja dengan Metode Hirarc pada Proyek Pembangunan Sistem Penyediaan Air Baku Bendungan Pengga Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Daud Muhammad , Budihardjo Muhammad Arief , Isnanto R Rizal 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe construction of Pengga Dam bulk water supply system in Central Lombok district has considerable complexity that requires health and safety risk evaluation management, that include part of the project plan and control. This construction consist of several working stage: intake work, jetty work, galvanized pipe connection work, HDPE pipe connection work and pipe bridge construction work. This study uses HIRARC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control) method consisting of risk identification, risk assessment, and risk control. Risk assessment is explored through field observations and job supervision. Result of the study identifies risks on 7 working stages in which there are any identified potential hazards with multi-levels of risk, in which are low risk, medium risk, up to high risk level. The hazard risk is caused by the absence of occupational safety and health training, inadequate work methods and equipment, the absence of safety signs and complete standardized PPE, also the absence of supervision carried out by the job executor. Risk control should be undertaken in the form of administrating Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) and appropriate use of PPE when carrying out job activities and when in site. Keywords: Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control, Bulk Water
ANALISIS STRUKTUR BANGUNAN APARTEMEN 10 LANTAI MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE SANSPRO V.5.20
Authors: Simanjuntak Meiborn Canossa , Widayat Widayat , Syakur Abdul 
Published: October 2023

AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang analisis struktur beton bertulang suatu bangunan apartemen, bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang keandalan struktur dari bangunan yang ditinjau. Obyek penelitian berada di Cikarang Selatan. Survei lapangan dilakukan untuk mengamati secara visual kondisi aktual dari struktur bangunan apartemen. Pengujian tanpa merusak dilakukan untuk mengetahui mutu beton dan konfigurasi tulangan beton yang terpasang didalam elemen struktur. Dari data hasil pengujian tanpa merusak, bangunan apartemen yang ditinjau dibuatkan kedalam bentuk 3-Dimensi dan dilakukan analisis struktur dengan menggunakan software SANSPRO V.5.20 diterapkan persyaratan seismik yang saat ini berlaku untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kapasitas dari elemen struktur bangunan apartemen. Hasil Analisis strukur menunjukkan nilai drift lantai minimum sebesar 1.777 mm dan nilai drift maksimum sebesar 7.319 mm arah X belum memenuhi batas drift izin sebesar 6.154 mm dan nilai drift lantai minimum sebesar 1.334 mm dan nilai drift maksimum sebesar 5.058 mm arah Y masih memenuhi batas drift izin sebesar 6.154 mm dan telah memenuhi persyaratan yang berlaku. Kata kunci: pengujian tanpa merusak, analisis struktur, perkuatan struktur Abstract This study discusses the analysis of reinforced concrete structures of an apartment building, aiming to obtain information about the reliability of the structure of the buildings reviewed. The object of research is in South Cikarang. Site surveys are conducted to visually observe the actual condition of apartment building structures. Non-destructive testing is carried out to determine the quality of concrete and the configuration of concrete reinforcement installed in structural elements. From the data from the test results without damage, the apartment buildings reviewed were made into 3-dimensional form, and structural analysis was carried out using SANSPRO V.5.20 software applied seismic requirements that are currently applicable to evaluate the level of capacity of apartment building structural elements. The results of the structural analysis show that the minimum floor drift value of 1.777 mm and the maximum drift value of 7.319 mm in the X direction have not met the permit drift limit of 6.154 mm and the minimum floor drift value of 1.334 mm and the maximum drift value of 5.058 mm in the Y direction still meet the permit drift limit of 6.154 mm and have met the applicable requirements. Keywords: non-destructive testing, structural analysis, structural reinforcement
Differential activation of AKT isoforms by growth factors in human myotubes
Authors: Roberts Brandon M. , Geddis Alyssa V. , Matheny Ronald W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAKT signaling plays a crucial role in muscle physiology, and is activated by stimuli, including insulin, growth factors, and exercise. Three AKT isoforms have been identified in mammals, and they possess both distinct and redundant functions. However, it is currently unknown what the predominant AKT isoform is in primary human skeletal myotubes, and very little is known regarding the effects of insulin and insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) on AKT isoforms activation in human myotubes. Thus, we sought to determine the abundances of each AKT isoform in primary human skeletal myotubes and their responses to insulin or IGF‐I. Analysis of protein lysates by liquid chromatography‐parallel reaction monitoring/mass spectrometry revealed that AKT1 was the most abundant AKT isoform and AKT3 was the least‐abundant isoform. Next, myotubes were treated with either 100 nM insulin or 10 nM IGF‐I for 5, 20, 45, or 60 min. In response to insulin, there was a significant treatment effect on phosphorylation of AKT1 and AKT2, but not AKT3 (p < 0.01). In response to IGF‐I, there was a significant treatment effect on phosphorylation of pan‐AKT at all timepoints compared to control (p < 0.01). Next, we determined how much of the total AKT isoform pool was phosphorylated. For insulin stimulation, AKT1 was significantly higher than AKT2 at 5 min and 60 min posttreatment (p < 0.05 both) and significantly different than AKT3 at all timepoints (p < 0.05). For IGF‐I stimulation, AKT1 was significantly higher than AKT2 at 45 and 60 min posttreatment (p < 0.05 both) and significantly higher than AKT3 at all timepoints (p < 0.05). Our findings reveal the differential phosphorylation patterns among the AKT isoforms and suggest a potential explanation for the regulatory role of AKT1 in skeletal muscle.
Record of the unarmored dinoflagellate Gynogonadinium aequatoriale (Ceratoperidiniaceae, Dinophyceae) in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Gómez Fernando 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The records of the unarmored dinoflagellate Gynogonadinium aequatoriale have been restricted to the western equatorial and the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. The genus is reported for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea from the coast of Taranto, Ionian Sea. This is a distinctive taxon that can only be confused with the cosmopolitan Pseliodinium fusus (=Ceratoperidinium falcatum). A comparison of these two species is provided.
Time to Absorption in Markov Chains as a Mixture Distribution of Hypo-Exponential Distributions
Authors: Hiller Josh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We given an elementary proof that in a Markov chain with absorbing states, and positive probability of absorption at some time

t
>
0

{t>0}

, time to absorption follows a mixture distribution of hypo-exponential random variables. We use this fact to show that early approximations of such a distribution yield the length of the shortest path from an initial state to an absorbing state. Thus different Markov chains with the same distance of shortest paths can yield identical first order approximations. Our work is motivated by the classical Armitage and Doll model of carcinogenesis.