bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence enhancement of fluorophores tethered to different sized silver colloids deposited on glass substrate
Authors: Lukomska Joanna , Malicka Joanna , Gryczynski Ignacy , Leonenko Zoya , Lakowicz Joseph R. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWe studied fluorescence enhancements of fluorescein tethered to silver colloids of different size. Thiolated 23‐mer oligonucleotide (ss DNA‐SH) was bound selectively to silver colloids deposited on 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS)–treated quartz slides. Fluorescein‐labeled complementary oligonucleotide (ss Fl‐DNA) was added in an amount significantly lower than the amount of unlabeled DNA tethered to the colloids. The hybridization kinetics, observed as an increase in fluorescence emission, on small (30–40 nm) and large (> 120 nm) colloids were similar. However, the final fluorescence intensity of the sample with large colloids was about 50% higher than that observed for the sample with small colloids. The reference sample without ss DNA‐SH was used to estimate the fluorescence enhancements of fluorescein tethered to the small colloids (E = 2.7) and to the large colloids (E = 4.1) due to its steady fluorescence signal. The proposed method, based on controlled hybridization with minimal amount of fluorophore labeled ss DNA, can be used to reliably estimate the fluorescence enhancements on any silver nanostructures. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers, 2005
Conventional bilateral cervical exploration versus open minimally invasive parathyroidectomy under local anaesthesia for primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Bergenfelz A , Kanngiesser V , Zielke A , Nies C , Rothmund M 
Published: December 2004

Abstract

Background
Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) has been introduced for the treatment of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Thus far, only one randomized trial has compared video-assisted MIP with conventional bilateral cervical exploration (BCE). The value of open MIP is therefore not known.

Methods
Fifty patients with a solitary parathyroid adenoma localized before surgery by sestamibi scintigraphy were randomized to undergo BCE under general anaesthesia (n = 25) or targeted MIP via a 2-cm incision using local anaesthesia (n = 25). Postoperative hypocalcaemia was the primary endpoint. Secondary outcome measures were operating time, complications, postoperative analgesia and recurrent disease. Follow-up was carried out at 1 and 6 months.

Results
All patients who underwent BCE and 24 of those who had MIP were cured by the primary operation. Operating time was 22 min shorter in the MIP group (P = 0·024). Serum levels of calcium were slightly lower during the first 4 days after surgery in the BCE group (P = 0·022). No other no significant differences were found.

Conclusion
Targeted MIP using local anaesthesia reduces operating time and causes less postoperative biochemical hypocalcaemia compared with bilateral neck exploration.
Cyclizations of N‐(1‐Chloro‐2,2,2‐trihaloethylidene)‐O‐methylurethanes with 5‐Amino‐3‐methylisoxazole and 3‐Amino‐5‐methylisoxazole.
Authors: Vovk M. V. , Bolbut A. V. , Dorokhov V. I. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Diastereoselectivity in [2π + 2π] Photocycloaddition of Cholesteryl Cinnamate to Methyl 9‐Phenanthrenecarboxylate: Control of the Stereoselectivity in Liquid Crystalline Phase.
Authors: Maeda Hajime , Horiuchi Akemi , Koshio Norihiro , Mizuno Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nonpeptide αvβ3 Antagonists. Part 10. In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of a Potent 7‐Methyl Substituted Tetrahydro‐[1,8]naphthyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Breslin Michael J. , et al. et al. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
On Steroids. Part 417. Effects of 3α‐Amino‐5α‐pregnan‐20‐one on GABAA Receptor: Synthesis, Activity and Cytotoxicity.
Authors: Matyas Libor , Kasal Alexander , Babot Riera Zoila , Sunol Cristina E. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Macropolyhedral Boron‐Containing Cluster Chemistry: Pointers Towards the Mechanism of Homofusions of Nine‐Vertex Arachno Metallaboranes
Authors: Londesborough Michael G. S. , MacLean Elizabeth J. , Teat Simon J. , Bould Jonathan , Kilner Colin A. , Thornton‐Pett Mark , Kennedy John D. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Cyclopropylidenes, Bicyclopropylidenes, and Vinylcarbenes — Some Modes of Formation and Preparative Applications
Authors: de Meijere A. , Schill H. , Kozhushkov S. I. , Walsh R. , Mueller E. M. , Grubmueller H. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Phosphasila‐, Phosphagerma‐, and Phosphaarsaallenes — P=C=E (E: Si, Ge, As) and Arsa‐ and Diarsaallenes — As=C=E′ (E′: C, As)
Authors: Escudie J. , Ranaivonjatovo H. , Bouslikhane M. , El Harouch Y. , Baiget L. , Nemes G. Cretiu 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Experimental Evidence for Intramolecular ipso Substitution of Alkyl Groups
Authors: Zubkov Fedor I. , Nikitina Eugenia V. , Kouznetsov Vladimir V. , Duarte Luz Dary Avellaneda 
Published: December 2004

AbstractAn acid‐mediated intramolecular Friedel−Crafts intramolecular alkene alkylation of the ortho‐alkyl group in the N‐arylamino moiety of various N‐(1‐allylcycloalkyl)‐N‐arylamines resulting in alkyl‐substituted 3′,4′‐dihydro‐1′H‐spiro[cycloalkane‐1,2′‐quinolines] is described. The mechanistic details of this intramolecular Friedel−Crafts alkylation by an alkene moiety can be explained by an intramolecular alkylation with ipso substitution of alkyl groups and their 1,2‐rearrangement. The scope and limitations of this reaction were determined. As a conclusive proof of the proposed mechanism, previously unknown interesting by‐products, dispiro[quino[6,7‐f]quinoline‐3,1′:9,1′′‐bis(cycloalkanes), were isolated and characterized. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Preparation of (all‐E)‐ and (11Z)‐12‐Haloretinals and (11Z,13Z)‐ and (13Z)‐14‐Haloretinals by the C15 + C5 Route − Exploring the Possibility of Preparing any Retinoid Rationally Chemically Modified at any Position in the Conjugated Tail
Authors: Wang Yajie , Lugtenburg Johan 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn this paper we describe how chemically modified ylides can be prepared by electrophilic substitution in a simple way. A subsequent Horner−Emmons reaction gives access to (all‐E)‐ and (11Z)‐12‐chloro‐, ‐12‐bromo‐, and ‐12‐iodoretinal. It could be expected that many more retinals chemically modified at the 12‐position could be prepared in this manner. Selectfluor®, a good reagent for introducing a fluorine atom by electrophilic substitution, does not give the 12‐fluororetinal system. However, 14‐fluororetinal is simply available by reaction of the anion with Selectfluor®. Cl, Br and I atoms were also introduced at the 14‐position of retinal both in the (11Z,13Z)‐ and (13Z)‐isomeric forms. This strategy could be extended to a whole range of electrophilic‐substitution reactions. We also developed a novel method to prepare 4‐hydroxy‐substituted Horner−Emmons derivatives, which could be converted into the 4‐fluoro derivatives by reaction with (diethylamino)sulfur trifluoride (DAST). This system could simply be converted into 12‐fluororetinal in the (all‐E)‐ and (11Z)‐isomeric forms and we think that this strategy has a good scope to prepare a whole series of 12‐modified retinals. We have also explored the essential steps to give access to retinoids modified at any position of the conjugated chain. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Neighboring‐Group Participation in Nitrile‐Forming Beckmann Fragmentation Reactions: Synthesis of Enantiopure (E)‐2,3‐Di‐O‐substituted‐5‐methoxy‐ pent‐4‐enenitriles and Their Conversion into Pyranosylamines
Authors: Passacantilli Pietro , Centore Clara , Ciliberti Elena , Piancatelli Giovanni , Leonelli Francesca 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe selective Beckmann fragmentations of multifunctionalised ketoximes have been proven to proceed effectively to give the corresponding nitriles. The chiral (E)‐1,3,4‐tri‐O‐substituted‐6‐methoxy‐hex‐5‐en‐2‐one oxime derivatives, available from glycals and glycosyl glycals, gave enantiopure (E)‐2,3‐di‐O‐substituted‐5‐methoxypent‐4‐enenitriles by treatment with mesyl chloride and triethylamine. The C1−C2 heterolytic fragmentation was completely controlled and directed by the adjacent C1 ether oxygen, which generates a carbonium‐oxonium ion as an active electrofugal group. Unexpectedly, the C3 heteroatom did not assist the cleavage reaction and products derived from C2−C3 fragmentation were never detected. The excellent regio‐ and stereospecificity of the fragmentation reaction, based on the stereochemical outcome, are discussed. A simple synthetic approach to some pyranosylamines is also described. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
New 1,3‐Disubstituted Enantiomerically Pure Allylboronic Esters by Johnson Rearrangement of Boron‐Substituted Allyl Alcohols
Authors: Pietruszka Jörg , Schöne Niklas 
Published: December 2004

AbstractStarting from commercially available 1‐substituted propargylic alcohols 6, 18 and ent‐18, stable enantio‐ and diastereomerically pure 1,3‐disubstituted allylboronic esters 10, 19 and 20 were synthesized. The key step − a Johnson rearrangement − was highly diastereoselective and yielded the products with almost complete transfer of the stereogenic information from the intermediate allyl alcohols. The configurations of all the new derivatives were unequivocally assigned either by chemical correlation (e.g. allylboronic ester 10 and its diastereomer 11 were independently synthesized by cross‐metathesis of the known boronates 2a and 3a with styrene) or by analysis of the NMR data, and additionally by X‐ray structural analysis (of 20). Allyl addition to benzaldehyde in all cases yielded enantiomerically highly enriched homoallylic alcohols 15/ent‐15 and 21/ent‐21 (> 98% ee). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Transient inflammatory response induced by apoptotic cells is an important mediator of melanoma cell engraftment and growth
Authors: Correa Mariangela , Machado Joel , Carneiro Célia R.W. , Bosco Pesquero João , Bader Michael , Travassos Luiz R. , Chammas Roger , Jasiulionis Miriam G. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractTwo murine melanoma cell lines, Tm1 and Tm5, were derived from a nontumorigenic lineage of pigmented murine melanocytes, melan‐a. Both Tm1 and Tm5 are invariably tumorigenic in syngeneic mice when inoculated s.c. in doses higher than 104 cells; 103 or fewer cells rarely give rise to tumors. We demonstrate that subtumorigenic inocula of Tm1 or Tm5 cells (103) as well as of a known murine melanoma cell line (B16F10) develop as vigorously growing tumor grafts only when coinoculated with apoptotic, but not necrotic cells. The presence of apoptotic cells correlates with a transient inflammatory infiltrate, composed mainly of neutrophils and macrophages. Kinin B1 receptor–deficient mice, which have impaired transmigration of neutrophils to inflamed tissues, had significant growth inhibition of subtumorigenic doses of melanoma cells coinjected with apoptotic cells. Using the same model, tumor take in athymic mice was similar to that seen in wild‐type mice, suggesting that a T cell–dependent inflammatory response is not necessary to promote the survival and growth of subtumorigenic doses of melanoma cells. Taken together, our results describe how tumor engraftment and growth can be profoundly affected by microenvironmental alterations in response to the presence of apoptotic cells. Disrupting the delicate balance between apoptotic cells and leukocyte infiltration may provide potentially important insights for understanding and interfering with tumor cell viability during treatment with either γ‐radiation or apoptosis‐inducing drugs. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Epstein‐Barr virus oncoprotein latent membrane protein 1 induces expression of the chemokine IP‐10: Importance of mRNA half‐life regulation
Authors: Vockerodt Martina , Pinkert Diana , Smola‐Hess Sigrun , Michels Astrid , Ransohoff Richard M. , Tesch Hans , Kube Dieter 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) of Epstein‐Barr Virus (EBV) is the main inducer of immuno‐modulatory molecules affecting growth and survival of EBV‐infected cells. However, the network of signalling pathways involved remains to be elucidated. Here we show that LMP1 may regulate cellular genes like IFN‐γ‐inducible protein‐10 kDa (IP‐10) not only through transcriptional but also post‐transcriptional mechanisms. LMP1‐mediated IP‐10 expression is independent from IFN‐γ, TNF‐α or IL‐18. Transcriptional activation of IP‐10 by LMP1 or CD40 stimulation depends on an NF‐κB motif within the proximal 435 bp fragment. Carboxy‐terminal activating regions 1 or 2 of LMP1 are sufficient to direct IP‐10 promoter activation. IP‐10 induction is inhibited by blockade of p38/SAPK2 with SB 202190, which results in decreased IP‐10 mRNA half‐life without affecting IP‐10 promoter activity. Thus, LMP1‐mediated p38/SAPK2 activation regulates transcript stability. This new mechanism of gene regulation demonstrates the potential of the oncoprotein LMP1 to orchestrate a network of signalling pathways at different regulatory levels including mRNA stability. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suppression of human melanoma tumor growth in SCID mice by a human high molecular weight‐melanoma associated antigen (HMW‐MAA) specific monoclonal antibody
Authors: Hafner Christine , Breiteneder Heimo , Ferrone Soldano , Thallinger Christiane , Wagner Stefan , Schmidt Wolfgang M. , Jasinska Joanna , Kundi Michael , Wolff Klaus , Zielinski Christoph C. , Scheiner Otto , Wiedermann Ursula , Pehamberger Hubert 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe lack of efficacy of available therapies for the treatment of malignant melanoma has emphasized the need to develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent melanoma growth. We have tested whether the anti‐HMW‐MAA mAb 225.28S is able to inhibit human melanoma tumor growth in SCID mice because in vitro data suggested that this antigen plays a role in spreading, migration and invasion of melanoma cells. Tumors were established by subcutaneous injection of the human melanoma cell line 518A2 into SCID mice. When tumors reached a size of 5 mm, the mAb 225.28S was administered intravenously 4 times in 3 day intervals at 100 μg/injection. Within 14 days after the first administration of the mAb 225.28S, tumor growth was reduced by 52% as compared to control mice. Three hundred and seven genes of >20,000 genes contained on the GeneChip were changed in their expression level at least 2‐fold after administration of the mAb 225.28S. The encoded proteins were mostly components or modifiers of the extracellular matrix, tumor suppressors, and melanogenesis associated proteins. Surprisingly, the administration of the control mAb that did not lead to a significant tumor growth inhibition in vivo resulted in the modulation of two‐thirds of these genes. This is the first report of suppression of human melanoma tumor growth in SCID mice by the mAb 225.28S. Our results suggest that anti‐HMW‐MAA mAbs may represent useful reagents to apply passive immunotherapy to patients with malignant melanoma. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vitro interaction between silicone gel and human monocyte‐macrophages
Authors: Tavazzani F. , Xing S. , Waddell J. E. , Smith D. , Boynton E. L. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractControversy remains regarding the ability of silicone materials to induce a specific immune reaction versus a nonspecific inflammatory response. Histopathological analysis of the tissue around failed breast implants reveals chronic inflammation with silicone gel droplets either surrounded by giant cells or engulfed by macrophages, areas of fibrosis, and necrosis. Macrophages are the key cells engulfing or forming foreign body giant cells. To address the mechanisms of silicone‐induced inflammation a model of human monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDMs) was developed. After sonication of silicone gel, the silicone droplets were embedded in Type I collagen and used to coat glass coverslips; human MDMs were subsequently seeded on the coverslips and maintained in culture for up to 7 days. The advantage of the model was that human macrophages could be studied histologically, and cytochemically as they interacted with well‐characterized silicone materials. Initial analysis of the human macrophages shows phagocytosis of the silicone gel within hours of exposure to the material. Analysis for pro‐inflammatory cytokines reveals significant transient secretion of IL‐1 (p < 0.01) over controls by human macrophages upon exposure to silicone gel at 24 h. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 72A: 161–167, 2005
Human trabecular bone‐derived osteoblasts support human osteoclast formation in vitro in a defined, serum‐free medium
Authors: Atkins Gerald J. , Kostakis Panagiota , Welldon Katie J. , Vincent Cristina , Findlay David M. , Zannettino Andrew C.W. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractWhile it has been assumed that osteoblasts in the human support osteoclast formation, in vitro evidence of this is currently lacking. We tested the ability of normal human trabecular bone‐derived osteoblasts (NHBCs) to support osteoclast formation from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in response to treatment with either 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) or parathyroid hormone (PTH), using a serum‐replete medium previously used to support human osteoclast formation on a stroma of murine ST‐2 cells. Under these conditions, NHBC did not support osteoclast formation, as assessed by morphological, histochemical, and functional criteria, despite our previous results demonstrating a link between induction of RANKL mRNA expression and NHBC phenotype in these media. We next tested a defined, serum‐free medium (SDM) on NHBC phenotype, their expression of RANKL and OPG, and their ability to support osteoclast formation. SDM, containing dexamethasone (DEX) and 1,25D, induced phenotypic maturation of NHBC, based on the expression of STRO‐1 and the bone/liver/kidney isoform of alkaline phosphatase (AP). PTH as a single factor did not induce phenotypic change. 1,25D and DEX induced the greatest ratio of RANKL:OPG mRNA, predictive of supporting osteoclast formation. Consistent with this, co‐culture of NHBC with CD14+ PBMC, or bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC), or CD34+ BMMC precursors in SDM + 1,25D + DEX, resulted in functional osteoclast formation. Osteoclast formation also occurred in PTH + DEX stimulated co‐cultures. Interestingly, SDM supplemented with recombinant RANKL (25–100 ng/ml) and M‐CSF (25 ng/ml), did not induce osteoclast formation from any of the osteoclast precursor populations in stromal‐free cultures, unlike serum‐replete medium. This study demonstrates that under the appropriate conditions, adult human primary osteoblasts can support de novo osteoclast formation, and this model will enable the detailed study of the role of both cell types in this process. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fibroblast growth factor‐2 regulates the synthesis of hyaluronan by human periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Shimabukuro Yoshio , Ichikawa Tomoo , Takayama Shinichi , Yamada Satoru , Takedachi Masahide , Terakura Mami , Hashikawa Tomoko , Murakami Shinya 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBasic fibroblast growth factor (FGF‐2) can enhance biological potentials of periodontal ligament cells and its topical application induces considerable periodontal tissue regeneration in vivo. In this study, we examined the effect of FGF‐2 on the production of hyaluronan (HA), an extracellular matrix playing important roles in homeostasis and inflammatory/wound healing responses, by human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells. An inhibition binding‐protein assay revealed that FGF‐2 significantly increased HA production by HPDL cells in a dose dependent manner. Analysis by HPLC revealed that in conditioned medium of FGF‐2‐treated HPDL cells HA had a higher molecular mass, compared to that of untreated HPDL cells. RT‐PCR analysis revealed the enhancement of mRNA expression of hyaluronan synthase (HAS) 1 and HAS 2, both of which contribute to the production of HA with a high molecular mass, but not HAS 3 in the FGF‐2‐treated HPDL cells. In contrast, three isoforms of hyaluronidase (HYAL) transcript were unchanged in the FGF‐2‐treated HPDL cells. These results provide new evidence for the possible involvement of FGF‐2 in the regulation of HA production and its appreciable roles in not only homeostasis but also regeneration of periodontal tissues. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Smad function and intranuclear targeting share a Runx2 motif required for osteogenic lineage induction and BMP2 responsive transcription
Authors: Afzal Faiza , Pratap Jitesh , Ito Kosei , Ito Yoshiaki , Stein Janet L. , van Wijnen Andre J. , Stein Gary S. , Lian Jane B. , Javed Amjad 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe coordinated activity of Runx2 and BMP/TGFβ‐activated Smads is critical for formation of the skeleton, but the precise structural basis for the Runx2/Smad interaction has not been resolved. By deletion mutagenesis, we have defined the Runx2 motif required for physical and functional interaction with either BMP or TGFβ responsive Smads. Smad responsive transcriptional activity was retained upon deletion of the C‐terminus to amino acid (aa) 432 but lost with deletion to aa 391. Thus the Smad interacting domain (SMID) of Runx2 (432–391) is embedded in the well‐defined nuclear matrix targeting signal (NMTS) that mediates intranuclear trafficking. The SMID suffices as an interacting module when fused to the heterologous Gal‐4 protein. Formation of the Runx2 and Smad complex is dependent on Runx2 phosphorylation through the MAPK signaling pathway, as determined by co‐immunoprecipitation studies. We established that all SMID/NMTS deficient Runx2 mutants do not show in situ association with Smad in the nucleus nor do they support BMP2‐mediated osteogenic induction of the mesenchymal C2C12 cell line. Thus, we provide direct evidence that the SMID/NMTS domain (391–432) of Runx2 is essential for BMP2‐mediated osteoblast differentiation. Our findings suggest that TGFβ/ BMP2 signaling, MAPK dependent phosphorylation, and Runx2 subnuclear targeting converge to induce the osteogenic phenotype. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Labelling of anilines, benzylamines and some N‐heterocyclics using cycloocta‐1,5‐dienyliridium(I)‐1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoro‐pentan‐2,4‐dionate and isotopic hydrogen gas in DMF or DMA
Authors: Garman R. N. , Hickey M. J. , Kingston L. P. , McAuley B. , Jones J. R. , Lockley W. J. S. , Mather A. N. , Wilkinson D. J. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractA wide range of anilines, benzylamines and some N‐heterocyclics can be ortho‐deuterated at room temperature using deuterium gas and cycloocta‐1,5‐dienyliridium(I)‐1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoropentan‐2,4‐dionate in DMF or DMA. The method is applicable to labelling with tritium. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.