bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diminishing of Helicobacter pylori adhesion to Cavia porcellus gastric epithelial cells by BCG vaccine mycobacteria
Authors: Gonciarz Weronika , Chyb Maciej , Chmiela Magdalena 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMycobacterium bovis onco-BCG bacilli used in immunotherapy of bladder cancer are candidates for training of immune cells towards microbial pathogens. Increasing antibiotic resistance of gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori (Hp) prompts the search for new anti-Hp and immunomodulatory formulations. Colonization of gastric mucosa by Hp through mucin 5 AC (MUC5AC) ligands could potentially be a therapeutic target. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of onco-BCG mycobacteria to reduce Hp adhesion to gastric epithelial cells using Cavia porcellus model. Animals were inoculated per os with 0.85% NaCl, Hp alone, onco-BCG alone or with onco-BCG and Hp. After 7/28 days Mucin5AC and Hp binding to gastric epithelium were assessed in gastric tissue specimens by staining with anti-Mucin5AC and anti-Hp antibodies, respectively, both fluorescently labeled. Primary gastric epithelial cells were treated ex vivo with live Hp or Hp surface antigens (glycine extract or lipopolysaccharide) alone or with onco-BCG. In such cells MUC5AC and Hp binding were determined as above. Mycobacteria reduced the amount of MUC5AC animals infected with Hp and in gastric epithelial cells pulsed in vitro with Hp components. Decrease of MUC5AC driven in cell cultures in vitro and in gastric tissue exposed ex vivo to mycobacteria was related to diminished adhesion of H. pylori bacilli. Vaccine mycobacteria by diminishing the amount of MUC5AC in gastric epithelial cells may reduce Hp adhesion.
Toward precision medicine using a “digital twin” approach: modeling the onset of disease-specific brain atrophy in individuals with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Cen Steven , Gebregziabher Mulugeta , Moazami Saeed , Azevedo Christina J. , Pelletier Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDigital Twin (DT) is a novel concept that may bring a paradigm shift for precision medicine. In this study we demonstrate a DT application for estimating the age of onset of disease-specific brain atrophy in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) using brain MRI. We first augmented longitudinal data from a well-fitted spline model derived from a large cross-sectional normal aging data. Then we compared different mixed spline models through both simulated and real-life data and identified the mixed spline model with the best fit. Using the appropriate covariate structure selected from 52 different candidate structures, we augmented the thalamic atrophy trajectory over the lifespan for each individual MS patient and a corresponding hypothetical twin with normal aging. Theoretically, the age at which the brain atrophy trajectory of an MS patient deviates from the trajectory of their hypothetical healthy twin can be considered as the onset of progressive brain tissue loss. With a tenfold cross validation procedure through 1000 bootstrapping samples, we found the onset age of progressive brain tissue loss was, on average, 5–6 years prior to clinical symptom onset. Our novel approach also discovered two clear patterns of patient clusters: earlier onset versus simultaneous onset of brain atrophy.
Low-dose daylight exposure induces nitric oxide release and maintains cell viability in vitro
Authors: Hazell Gareth , Khazova Marina , O’Mahoney Paul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAny potential positive effects conferred via sunlight exposure have to be carefully balanced against carcinogenic effects. Here we provide evidence UK sunlight exposure upregulates the cardio protectant nitric oxide (NO) within in vitro skin cell lines with negligible increases in DNA damage and cell death at 1 SED, when compared against unexposed samples. The whole of the ultraviolet A (UV-A) spectrum appears to be responsible for NO release, with efficiency higher at exposures closer to shorter UV-A wavelengths and decreasing with wavelength increases. These results support further in vivo work, which could be of benefit for demographics such as the elderly (that exhibit a natural decline in NO bioavailability).
The varied influence of ocular Demodex infestation on dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction across different age groups
Authors: Lee Won Jun , Kim Minjeong , Lee Seung Hyeun , Chun Yeoun Sook , Kim Kyoung Woo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the impact of ocular demodicosis on dry eye disease (DED) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) across different age populations: young (20 to < 40), middle-aged (40 to < 60), and elderly (≥ 60), based on the retrospective medical chart review. In each age subgroup, Demodex infestation and its count were correlated with clinical parameters of DED and MGD. Among the total of 351 subjects, 52.7% had ocular demodicosis, with a mean of 2.31 ± 1.39 mites per four eyelashes (0.58 per lash) in a unilateral eye. In the age subgroup 1 (age < 40; N = 44), subjects with Demodex had significantly higher meibum quality grades. In subgroup 2 (40 ≤ age < 60; N = 122), subjects with Demodex had higher ocular surface disease index scores and higher MG expressibility grades. However, in subgroup 3 (age ≥ 60; N = 185), demographics and all parameters did not differ according to Demodex infestation. Moreover, the number of mites did not correlate with MGD severity in any of the subgroups. In conclusion, age may act as a significant confounding factor in the relationship between ocular Demodex infestation and clinical features of DED and MGD, despite older patients aged 60 years and above being at a higher risk of Demodex infestation and experiencing more severe MGD.
Menthol- and thymol-based ciprofloxacin derivatives against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: in vitro activity, lipophilicity, and computational studies
Authors: Szulczyk Daniel , Woziński Mateusz , Koliński Michał , Kmiecik Sebastian , Głogowska Agnieszka , Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa , Dobrowolski Michał A. , Roszkowski Piotr , Struga Marta , Ciura Krzesimir 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, we investigated the antitubercular properties of Ciprofloxacin derivatives conjugated with menthol and thymol moieties. For the sixteen derivatives, we established minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) using isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that were resistant or susceptible to other antibiotics. For the most potent compound 1‐cyclopropyl‐6‐fluoro‐7‐{4‐[6‐((1R,2S,5R)‐2‐isopropyl‐5‐methylcyclohexyloxy)‐6‐oxohexyl]piperazin‐1‐yl}‐4‐oxo‐1,4‐dihydroquinoline‐3‐carboxylic acid (6), we determined fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values to confirm antibacterial susceptibility and synergistic effects with other reference drugs. In addition, chromatographic studies of all the derivatives demonstrated a significant three to four-fold increase in lipophilicity and affinity to phospholipids compared to Ciprofloxacin. Finally, we conducted structure-based studies of the investigated compounds using molecular docking and taking into account protein target mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance. In summary, our findings indicate that the investigated compounds possess tuberculostatic properties, with some showing similar or even better activity against resistant strains compared to reference drugs. Increased lipophilicity and affinity to phospholipids of the new derivatives can offer several advantages for new drug candidates, beyond just improved cell membrane penetration. However, further studies are needed to fully understand their safety, efficacy, and mechanism of action.
Experimental demonstration of position-controllable topological interface states in high-frequency Kitaev topological integrated circuits
Authors: Iizuka Tetsuya , Yuan Haochen , Mita Yoshio , Higo Akio , Yasunaga Shun , Ezawa Motohiko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTopological integrated circuits are integrated-circuit realizations of topological systems. Here we show an experimental demonstration by taking the case of the Kitaev topological superconductor model. An integrated-circuit implementation enables us to realize high resonant frequency as high as 13GHz. We explicitly observe the spatial profile of a topological edge state. In particular, the topological interface state between a topological segment and a trivial segment is the Majorana-like state. We construct a switchable structure in the integrated circuit, which enables us to control the position of a Majorana-like interface state arbitrarily along a chain. Our results contribute to the development of topological electronics with high frequency integrated circuits.
Immuno-oncology
Authors: Gallimore Awen , Tournier Cathy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Today, it is accepted that the ability to evade the attention of the immune system is an essential hallmark of cancer. Critically, as tumours progress, cancer cells can protect themselves from the immune system’s natural ability to fight the disease. This observation has led to an explosion of basic research to discover how to restore anti-tumour immunity for advancing cancer treatment. Clinical successes have been achieved following the approval of checkpoint inhibitor therapy to effectively prolong the life of many cancer patients with malignant disease.
However, despite impressive survival gains, there is still a high variability of responses between different types of cancer and many patients still fail to respond. The disappointing findings that have been documented over the many clinical trials performed so far coincide with a much more complex view of immuno-oncology that has emerged from technological advances in functional fluorescent imaging techniques, high-throughput RNA sequencing and single-cell mass cytometry.
The themed topic ‘Immuno-Oncology’ captures the contemporary understanding that individual tumours comprise remarkable mixtures of immune cell populations that actively contribute to neoplastic growth, invasion and metastasis through reciprocal and dynamic interactions with cancer cells. In the context of this new knowledge, the reviews discuss novel ideas of therapeutic opportunities for cancer. We would like to thank the authors for their excellent contributions.
A new discovery space opened by eROSITA
Authors: Musiimenta B. , Brusa M. , Liu T. , Salvato M. , Buchner J. , Igo Z. , Waddell S. G. H. , Toba Y. , Arcodia R. , Comparat J. , Alexander D. , Shankar F. , Lapi A. , Ramos Almeida C. , Georgakakis A. , Merloni A. , Urrutia T. , Li J. , Terashima Y. , Shen Y. , Wu Q. , Dwelly T. , Nandra K. , Wolf J. 
Published: September 2023

Context.In the context of an evolutionary model, the outflow phase of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) occurs at the peak of its activity, once the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) is massive enough to generate sufficient power to counterbalance the potential well of the host galaxy. This outflow feedback phase plays a vital role in galaxy evolution.Aims.Our aim in this paper is to apply various selection methods to isolate powerful AGNs in the feedback phase, trace and characterise outflows in these AGNs, and explore the link between AGN luminosity and outflow properties.Methods.We applied a combination of methods to the Spectrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG) eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth survey (eFEDS) catalogue and isolated ∼1400 candidates atz > 0.5 out of ∼11 750 AGNs (∼12%). Furthermore, we narrowed down our selection to 427 sources that have 0.5 < z < 1. We tested the robustness of our selection on the small subsample of 50 sources with available good quality SDSS spectra at 0.5 < z < 1 and, for which we fitted the [OIII] emission line complex and searched for the presence of ionised gas outflow signatures.Results.Out of the 50 good quality SDSS spectra, we identified 23 quasars (∼45%) with evidence of ionised outflows based on the presence of significant broad and/or shifted components in [OIII]λ5007 Å. They are on average more luminous (logLbol ∼ 45.2 erg s−1) and more obscured (NH ∼ 1022cm−2) than the parent sample of ∼427 candidates, although this may be ascribed to selection effects affecting the good quality SDSS spectra sample. By adding 118 quasars at 0.5 < z < 3.5 with evidence of outflows reported in the literature, we find a weak correlation between the maximum outflow velocity and the AGN bolometric luminosity. On the contrary, we recovered strong correlations between the mass outflow rate and outflow kinetic power with the AGN bolometric luminosity.Conclusions.About 30% of our sample have kinetic coupling efficiencies,Ė/Lbol> 1%, suggesting that the outflows could have a significant effect on their host galaxies. We find that the majority of the outflows have momentum flux ratios lower than 20 which rules out an energy-conserving nature. Our present work points to the unequivocal existence of a rather short AGN outflow phase, paving the way towards a new avenue to dissect AGN outflows in large samples within eROSITA and beyond.
The first scattered light images of HD 112810, a faint debris disk in the Sco-Cen association
Authors: Matthews E. C. , Bonnefoy M. , Xie C. , Desgrange C. , Desidera S. , Delorme P. , Milli J. , Olofsson J. , Barbato D. , Ceva W. , Augereau J.-C. , Biller B. A. , Chen C. H. , Faramaz-Gorka V. , Galicher R. , Hinkley S. , Lagrange A.-M. , Ménard F. , Pinte C. , Stapelfeldt K. R. 
Published: September 2023

Context. Circumstellar debris disks provide insight into the formation and early evolution of planetary systems. Resolved belts in particular help to locate planetesimals in exosystems, and can hint at the presence of disk-sculpting exoplanets.
Aims. We study the circumstellar environment of HD 112810 (HIP 63439), a mid-F-type star in the Sco-Cen association with a significant infrared excess indicating the presence of a circumstellar debris disk.
Methods. We collected five high-contrast observations of HD 112810 with VLT/SPHERE. We identified a debris disk in scattered light, and found that the debris signature is robust over a number of epochs and a variety of reduction techniques. We modeled the disk, accounting for self-subtraction and assuming that it is optically thin.
Results. We find a single-belt debris disk, with a radius of 118 ± 9 au and an inclination angle of 75.7−1.3+1.1. This is in good agreement with the constraints from spectral energy distribution modeling and from a partially resolved ALMA image of the system. No planets are detected, though planets below the detection limit (~2.6 MJ at a projected separation of 118 au) could be present and could have contributed to sculpting the ring of debris.
Conclusions. HD 112810 adds to the growing inventory of debris disks imaged in scattered light. The disk is faint, but the radius and the inclination of the disk are promising for follow-up studies of the dust properties.
Abklärung und Behandlung des benignen paroxysmalen Lagerungsschwindels mittels manueller und motorisierter Drehstühle
Authors: Tarnutzer Alexander Andrea 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDer benigne paroyxsmale Lagerungsschwindel (BPLS) ist die häufigste Ursache eines episodischen Schwindels. Während die Diagnose anhand einer gezielten Anamneseerhebung und anschließender Provokationsmanöver auf der Untersucherliege meist zuverlässig gestellt und die Behandlung eingeleitet werden kann, können diese Manöver bei Patienten mit bestimmten Vorerkrankungen (z. B. des Bewegungsapparates oder Nervensystems) nicht oder nur eingeschränkt durchgeführt werden. Gleichzeitig zeigt sich ein Teil der Patienten mit BPLS therapierefraktär. Die Verwendung eines manuellen oder motorisierten Drehstuhls erweitert sowohl die diagnostischen wie auch die therapeutischen Möglichkeiten beim BPLS. So ermöglicht sie einzelnen Patientengruppen aufgrund von Vorerkrankungen eine gezielte Abklärung bei entsprechendem Verdacht und, sofern erforderlich, eine evidenzbasierte Behandlung. Ebenso erweitert der Drehstuhl das Abklärungsspektrum und die Auswahl an Repositionsmanövern in unklaren oder therapierefraktären Fällen. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden potenzielle Indikationen beschrieben und die Evidenz für die Abklärung und Behandlung des BPLS auf einem Drehstuhl diskutiert.
Interventional Radiology Management of Advanced Schistosomiasis: State of the Art
Authors: Silva Priscila Henriques da , Santos Rômulo Florêncio Tristão dos , Szejnfeld Denis , Salazar Gloria Maria Martinez 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdvanced schistosomiasis is an infectious disease, endemic in some regions, with long-term implications for patient care. It can be associated with conditions such as portal hypertension, variceal hemorrhage, chronic hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this article, an overview of the most recent data about the role of interventional radiology in the management of these conditions will be presented, as well as the authors' experience on interventional management of schistosomiasis patients.
Analysis of charge transport resistance of ZnO-based DSSCs because of the effect of different compression temperatures
Authors: Choudhury M. S. H. , Ahmed Himu Sheik Erfan , Khan Mahatab Uddin , Hasan Md Zahid , Alam Md Shafiul , Soga Tetsuo 
Published: September 2023

This article represents a research study about the effect of compression temperature on the performance of Zinc Oxide (ZnO)-based dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). To find the optimum compression temperature, the electrodeposited photoanodes are subjected to compression at 60 MP with various compression temperatures ranging from room temperature to 80 °C. The performance analysis involved the analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and photocurrent-voltage (I-V) data under dark and illuminated conditions. The EIS data are examined to gain insights into the electron transport mechanism and validate the cell's performance under optimum compression temperature. The findings of this study demonstrate that cells prepared at 60 MP with a compression temperature of 70 °C show the most favorable photovoltaic performance compared to cells prepared at other compression temperatures. Thickness measurement confirms that increasing the compression temperature ensures a compact layer of photoelectrode. A compression temperature greater than 70 °C causes several defects on the photoelectrode surface, as confirmed by the Scanning Electron Microscopy Image. EIS and I-V data confirm that the cell prepared at 60 MP and 70 °C heating gives comparatively lower series resistance and higher shunt resistance. Though the series and shunt resistance exhibited different values under dark and illumination conditions, their trends remained consistent. Under this optimized compression temperature the cells achieved a maximum efficiency (η) of 2.78%, accompanied by an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.58 V, a photocurrent density (Jsc) of 8.87 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 0.54.
Numerical simulation of diverging plasma magneto-hydrodynamic acceleration channels
Authors: Wei Jian , Lu Peng , Yan Xiaodie , Huang Hulin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a numerical study of plasma flow in a magneto-hydrodynamic acceleration channel. The results show that in the channel with equal electrode pair spacing, increasing the magnetic field strength reduces the Joule heat dissipation and the temperature. Increasing the applied voltage increases the external energy input, increasing both the exit Mach number and the internal temperature. Reducing the electrical conductivity achieves a balance between acceleration and temperature rise. For acceleration channels of different shapes, a constant cross section channel can only accelerate the fluid to near sonic speeds, whereas a diverging channel can achieve supersonic speeds. In addition, maintaining constant electrode spacing in the diverging channel effectively prevents fluid deceleration at the rear of the acceleration channel caused by the reverse Lorentz force under high magnetic field strength.
Effect of pressure on superconductivity of LaBi3
Authors: Singh Surinder , Pinsook Udomsilp 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The electronic properties, phonon properties, and conventional superconducting properties of the newly synthesized AuCu3-type intermetallic compound LaBi3 using first-principle density functional methods have been reported in this research article.Variations in conventional superconducting properties like transition temperature, electron–phonon coupling constant, Eliashberg spectral function and average logarithmic phonon frequency with applied hydrostatic pressure have been reported in this research article. At ambient pressure, the transition temperature and coupling constant was computed to be 7.2 K and 2.78 respectively. The calculated decrease in transition temperature with applied pressure as reported in this article agrees with the previously reported experimental results. Ambient pressure fermi surface was employed to explain the high electron–phonon coupling constant.
Development of a bilayer NiCrAlY/YSZ coating on IN713 LC superalloy by laser cladding
Authors: Khorram Ali , Nicknia Maysam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, bilayer laser cladding of Inconel 713LC superalloy was performed by a Nd:YAG laser. Amdry 997 powder was used as the first layer and Metco 204NS ceramic powder as the second layer. The experiments were carried out with different laser parameters to investigate the influence of heat input and laser power density on the microstructure and the hardness of coating. The study revealed that the susceptibility to crack formation in the clad zone increases with the increase in the heat input due to the high cooling rate and intense thermal stress. The formation of shrinkage cavities in the lower half of the clad zone raises with the increase in the heat input owing to reduction in the solidification rate. Microstructural investigations show that a cellular structure is formed at the interface region. The middle area of coating features columnar dendrites, while the upper area of the coating displays very small equiaxed dendrites. The coating mainly comprises γ-Ni, β-NiAl and γ′-Ni3Al phases and the elements of Ni, Co, Cr, Al, Ta, Zr, and Y are homogeneously distributed in the clad zone. As the heat input increases, the microhardness of the samples decreases due to an increase in the dilution ratio. This leads to a decrease of Co, Cr, and Ta elements in the γ′ and the β intermetallic compounds, as well as a reduction of Zr and Y elements in the clad zone.
Development of a hybrid line dosimeter using lead (II) iodide and Gd2O2S:Tb for dose monitoring in brachytherapy
Authors: Yang S.W. , Park S.K. , Moon C.W. , Min B.I. , Heo Y.J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In brachytherapy, a radiation source is injected into the
human body, and accurate evaluation of the source location is
critical for patient safety. However, identification of the source
location each time is difficult. Therefore, in this study, a
PbI2-based hybrid line dosimeter that can reduce drift current
while measuring dose in real time was fabricated by adding
Gd2O2S:Tb (0–20 wt%), and the sensitivity of the hybrid
line sensor was characterized using an 192Ir source. Before
creating the line dosimeter, a unit-cell sensor was fabricated to
define the optimal addition of Gd2O2S:Tb. The results
showed that a dosimeter with 20 wt% Gd2O2S:Tb yielded
the lowest drift current, which was 92% lower than that with
PbI2alone (relative standard deviation [RSD], 0.73%) to allow
the most stable signal output. Evaluation of the line dosimeter
showed that the signal output was stable with
RSD ≤ 1.5% and R
2 ≥ 0.9990 for all 25 pixels
except one. The sensitivity was high at the pixel closest to the
source location, and the accuracy of the source location was as high
as ±2 mm. The PbI2-based hybrid line dosimeter with
Gd2O2S:Tb fabricated in this study was shown to be
applicable as a dosimeter to determine the source location
accurately in brachytherapy.