bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the response to interleukin‐21 to inform natural killer cell immunotherapy
Authors: Nayak Indrani , Biondo Rosalba , Stewart William C , Fulton Rebecca J , Möker Nina , Zhang Congcong , Khakoo Salim I , Das Jayajit 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are emerging agents for cancer therapy. Several different cytokines are used to generate NK cells for adoptive immunotherapy including interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐12, IL‐15 and IL‐18 in solution, and membrane‐bound IL‐21. These cytokines drive NK cell activation through the integration of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) pathways, which overlap and synergize, making it challenging to predict optimal cytokine combinations for both proliferation and cytotoxicity. We integrated functional assays for NK cells cultured in a variety of cytokine combinations with mathematical modeling using feature selection and mechanistic regression models. Our regression model successfully predicts NK cell proliferation for different cytokine combinations and indicates synergy of activated STATs and NF‐κB transcription factors between priming and post‐priming phases. The use of IL‐21 in solution in the priming of NK cell culture resulted in an improved NK cell proliferation, without compromising cytotoxicity potential or interferon gamma secretion against hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Our work provides an integrative framework for interrogating NK cell proliferation and activation for cancer immunotherapy.
AdvantAGE: Implementation and Evaluation of an Interprofessional Transitional Care Model for Frail Older Adults—Protocol of an Effectiveness–Implementation Hybrid Study
Authors: Brunkert Thekla , Pfundstein Isabel , Nickel Christian H. , Lampert Markus L. , Trutschel Diana , Mauthner Oliver 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo implement and evaluate an Advanced Practice Nurse‐led transitional care model (AdvantAGE) to reduce rehospitalisation rates in frail older adults discharged from a Swiss geriatric hospital.DesignThe study adopts an effectiveness–implementation hybrid design (Type 1) to simultaneously evaluate the effectiveness of the care model and explore the implementation process.MethodsThe primary outcome, the 90‐day rehospitalisation rate, will be evaluated using a matched‐cohort design with a prospective intervention group and a retrospective control group. Secondary outcomes include the number of emergency department visits, health‐related quality of life and intervention costs. The care model was developed through comprehensive contextual analysis and pilot testing in an iterative approach. It comprises five core elements: continuous support, care coordination, comprehensive health management at home, medication and self‐management and advance care planning. Data collection includes both quantitative and qualitative methods, utilising routine hospital data, structured and semi‐structured interviews and observations. Qualitative data will provide insights into implementation outcomes, potential barriers and facilitators. Additionally, a process evaluation will offer an in‐depth understanding of individual intervention effects and reasons for rehospitalisation.DiscussionThe AdvantAGE project, grounded in implementation science methodology, aims to significantly improve transitional care outcomes for frail older adults. The results are expected to provide essential recommendations for scaling up the model to other settings.ImpactThe study addresses the issue of frequent rehospitalisations in older adults, which carry risks of functional and cognitive decline. By implementing a comprehensive transitional care model, the study aims to improve continuity of care, reduce readmissions and enable frail older adults to remain in the community longer. The project highlights the importance of contextually adapted intervention and implementation strategies to bridge the gap between research and real‐world healthcare practice.Patient or Public InvolvementThe project employs a participatory approach, engaging representatives from the hospital and primary care settings, the cantonal health department and older people and their caregivers.Trial RegistrationThis study has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov on 5 January 2024 (Identifier: NCT06190288)
The Experience of Adults' Family Caregivers Using Home Care Services: A Scoping Review
Authors: Li Mengyuan , Li Wei , Sun Juanjuan , Gao Shizheng , Song Dongpo , Zhi Shengze , Wu Yifan , Zhong Qiqing , Wang Rui , Sun Jiao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo review the experiences of family caregivers using home care services, the perception of home care services and the positive and negative effects on family caregivers.DesignA scoping review of the literature was undertaken using JBI guidance.Data SourcesDatabases were searched in November 2023, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure).Review MethodsEligible articles included peer‐reviewed literature describing experience using home care services. Reviewers screened titles and abstracts of located sources, and to screen full‐text articles. A table was used to extract data and synthesise results.ResultsWe found that 22 articles met the inclusion criteria, most of which were published since 2010 and this study found inconsistent findings across studies of the impact of home care services on care burden. In addition, family caregivers still have negative experiences in the process of use, such as the difficulty in obtaining service information, believing that the service duration and content cannot meet their needs, and the lack of continuity of care is the most involved negative experience.ConclusionCurrent home care services cannot fully meet the needs of family caregivers. Family caregivers have different expectations of policies, institutions and nursing staff. Future home care service practices should fully consider the unmet needs of caregivers and provide them with higher‐quality nursing services.ImpactThis study provides new evidence that there are still unmet needs for family caregivers in the use of home care services. Policymakers can prioritise funding for mixed research and longitudinal research, with the primary aim of understanding the dynamic changes in the needs of family caregivers in home care services to better provide more comprehensive information to health service providers.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Temperature and Moisture Interact to Shape Body Size of Appalachian Salamanders Across Elevation
Authors: Fleming J. Morgan , Sheldon Kimberly S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo investigate the mechanisms underlying body size variation in Plethodontid salamanders along elevational gradients and to determine the effects of climate variables (elevation, temperature, precipitation, and humidity) on body size.LocationSouthern Appalachian Mountains, USA.TaxonFourteen species of Plethodontid salamanders.MethodsWe used a historical dataset to analyse body size variation across elevation. We assessed the independent effects of elevation, temperature, precipitation, and humidity on body size. To test causal hypotheses regarding these climate variables and their interactions, we built a structural equation model (SEM).ResultsFor 13 of 14 species, we found that body size generally had negative correlations with temperature and precipitation and positive correlations with elevation and humidity, though the strength of the relationships varied. The one remaining species showed different body size patterns in relation to elevation and the three climate variables compared to all other species. Our SEM revealed that precipitation and humidity are the strongest predictors of salamander body size. Body size was not directly impacted by temperature but indirectly through the effects of temperature on humidity levels.Main ConclusionsOur study emphasises the importance of considering both temperature and moisture when examining body size patterns of ectotherms. We found that precipitation, often overlooked, plays a significant role in shaping body size in salamanders, challenging traditional views that focus solely on temperature. These findings highlight the need to integrate multiple, interacting climate variables to better understand organismal traits and to predict responses of organisms to climate change.
Identification the Cellular Senescence Associated lncRNA LINC01579 in Gastric Cancer
Authors: He Jiayong , Fu Ziyi , Zou Boya , Lei Xuetao , Lei Linhan , Yang Qingbin , Li Guoxin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCellular senescence is a key promoter of tumorigenesis and malignant progression. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for assessing cellular senescence in gastric cancer (GC) outcomes. We identified senescence‐related genes and lncRNAs from 375 stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) patients and established a prognostic senescence score using multivariate Cox regression, validated in testing, TCGA‐STAD and the combined TCGA‐COAD and READ cohorts. The model's predictive efficacy was evaluated across clinical subgroups, tumour microenvironments and immune cell infiltration. A total of 116 senescence‐related lncRNAs were filtered, and patients were clustered into two senescent subtypes. The lncRNA signature identified LINC01579 as an independent prognostic factor for GC. Low‐risk groups showed prolonged overall survival, increased immune cell infiltration and reduced mutation load. Downregulation of LINC01579 using antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) on normal human fibroblasts decreased cellular proliferation and migration in GC. Collectively, this study established and validated a promising prognostic model connecting senescence‐related lncRNAs and clinical outcome in GC and provided potential senescence‐related biomarkers for GC prognosis prediction.
Minimally Invasive Fixed Prosthodontics: A Narrative Review
Authors: Margvelashvili‐Malament Mariam , Thompson Van , Malament Kenneth A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveMinimally invasive dentistry is being widely practiced. The center stone is to be as conservative as possible to minimize unnecessary removal of healthy tooth structure. In prosthodontics the patients have generalized and combined nature of diseases. This narrative literature review analyzed available evidence on minimally invasive treatment protocols in fixed prosthodontics and raised awareness on the importance of longevity of treatments and secondary prevention.OverviewThe long‐term clinical survival of ceramic and resin composite materials was reviewed. Loss of tooth vitality after prosthodontic treatment was also explored. And finally, treatment options for patients with severe wear were examined. The search of the literature resulted in evidence of superior survival of ceramic restorations over resin composites. The literature is also clear that ceramic partial coverage inlay and onlay restorations have excellent long‐term clinical performance in posterior dentition. Glass ceramic lithium disilicate showed to be an adequate material not only for anterior but also for posterior dentition, including the patients with severe wear.ConclusionsMinimally invasive dentistry as applied in fixed prosthodontics needs updates in its concepts to account for secondary prevention and longevity of chosen treatment techniques.Clinical SignificanceThis narrative review article critically reviews available evidence on long‐term clinical performance of minimally invasive and traditional treatment concepts and materials in fixed prosthodontics. Awareness is raised for secondary prevention and longevity of chosen treatments.
Efficacy of Orthognathic Surgery in OSAS Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Ali Syed Akbar , Marrapodi Maria Maddalena , Shivakumar Ganiga Channaiah , Shivakumar Sahana , Hurkadle Jyothikiran , Cicciù Marco , Minervini Giuseppe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a prevalent condition characterised by repeated episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep and associated morbidities. Orthognathic surgery (OGS) has been proposed as a treatment option for OSAS, aimed at anatomically repositioning the maxillofacial structures to alleviate airway obstruction. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of OGS in reducing apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores among OSAS patients.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases for studies assessing the outcomes of OGS in OSAS patients, focusing on changes in AHI and ESS scores. The inclusion criteria encompassed observational studies, cohort studies, and randomised control trials. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Random‐effects meta‐analysis was utilised to pool mean differences (MD) of AHI and ESS scores preoperatively and postoperatively, with 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated.ResultsA total of 8 studies met the inclusion criteria, where OGS was shown to be slightly more effective in correcting OSAS than the other modalities assessed, primarily CPAP. The pooled MD for AHI demonstrated a significant reduction in scores post‐OGS (MD = 29.84, 95% CI: 14.17–45.50, p < 0.0001) with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 95%). For ESS, the pooled MD indicated a non‐significant reduction (MD = 1.91, 95% CI: −1.29 to 5.12, p = 0.24) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 81%).ConclusionOrthognathic surgery appears to be an effective intervention for reducing AHI in patients with OSAS, suggesting a potential to improve the objective measures of sleep apnea. However, the effect on subjective sleepiness scores, as evaluated by ESS, was not statistically significant. The high heterogeneity among studies warrants individualised patient assessment when considering OGS for OSAS. Further research is needed to identify factors contributing to the variability of outcomes and to assess the long‐term benefits and risks associated with the procedure.
Location of NWA 6148 and NWA 10153 in the nakhlite body and their aqueous alteration
Authors: Kukihara Kakeru , Miyahara Masaaki , Yamaguchi Akira , Takahashi Yoshio , Takeichi Yasuo , Tomioka Naotaka , Ohtani Eiji 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe petrologic and mineralogical characteristics and alteration processes of the nakhlites NWA 6148 and NWA 10153 were studied. Both consist of augite, olivine, and mesostasis. Based on the characteristics of each volume fraction of the components and the chemical composition of olivine and pyroxene, NWA 6148 correspond to lava units crystallized at 1346–1391 Ma in the nakhlite body. The position of NWA 10153 in the nakhlite body is unclear. Iron oxides/hydroxides, barite, and calcite fill the fractures of NWA 6148, which are terrestrial weathering products. In NWA 10153, olivine grains are replaced by goethite, magnetite, saponite, amorphous silica, jarosite, and siderite. Although it is uncertain whether all of the alteration minerals were formed on the surface of Mars or on the surface of Earth, NWA 10153 records two different alteration environments: reducing, neutral to alkaline, and oxidizing and acidic. As in NWA 6148 and NWA 10153, the assemblage of alteration mineral species in other nakhlites is also heterogeneous even within the same lava unit. The nakhlite body was altered by the oxidizing acidic fluid after a ‐bearing reducing neutral to alkaline fluid. The drastic change of alteration environments may have been caused by an impact event.
The efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency ablation of the dorsal root ganglion in the setting of failed spinal neuromodulation: A case report
Authors: Rastogi Abhijeet , Dastan Kovosh , Sunkara Sujana , LaRosa Peyton 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRadiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an interventional procedure that has been used to treat chronic back pain for over 50 years; this unique case report demonstrates the effectiveness of pulsed radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) on the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in the treatment of chronic radicular pain (Russo et al., 2021, J Pain Res, 14, 3897). The RFA provides pain relief by using thermal energy to disrupt peripheral nerves carrying nociceptive signals back to the central nervous system (Abd‐Elsayed et al. 2020, Pain Ther, 9, 709). However, there is a lack of literature about the safety and efficacy of PRFA of the DRG.
Lifetime Body Mass Index Trajectories and Contrasting Lung Function Abnormalities in Mid‐Adulthood: Data From the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study
Authors: Ali Gulshan B. , Lowe Adrian J. , Walters E. Haydn , Perret Jennifer L. , Erbas Bircan , Lodge Caroline J. , Bowatte Gayan , Thomas Paul S. , Hamilton Garun S. , Thompson Bruce R. , Johns David P. , Hopper John L. , Abramson Michael J. , Bui Dinh S. , Dharmage Shyamali C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectiveThe impact of lifetime body mass index (BMI) trajectories on adult lung function abnormalities has not been investigated previously. We investigated associations of BMI trajectories from childhood to mid‐adulthood with lung function deficits and COPD in mid‐adulthood.MethodsFive BMI trajectories (n = 4194) from age 5 to 43 were identified in the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study. Lung function outcomes were defined using spirometry at 45 and 53 years. Associations between these BMI trajectories and lung function outcomes were investigated using multivariable regression.ResultsCompared to the average BMI trajectory, the child's average‐increasing BMI trajectory was associated with greater FVC decline from 45 to 53 years (β = −178 mL; 95% CI −300.6, −55.4), lower FRC, ERV and higher TLco at 45 years, lower FVC (−227 mL; −345.3, −109.1) and higher TLco at 53 years. The High BMI trajectory was also associated with lower FRC, ERV and higher TLco at 45 years, while spirometric restriction (OR = 6.9; 2.3, 21.1) and higher TLco at 53 years. The low BMI trajectory was associated with an obstructive picture: lower FEV1 (−124 mL; −196.4, −51.4) and FVC (−91 mL; −173.4, −7.7), and FEV1/FVC (−1.2%; −2.2, −0.1) and higher ERV and lower TLco at 45 and 53 years. A similar pattern was found at 53 years. No associations were observed with spirometrically defined COPD.ConclusionOur findings revealed contrasting lung function abnormalities were associated with high, subsequently increasing, and low BMI trajectories. These results emphasise the importance of tracking changes in BMI over time and the need to maintain an average BMI trajectory (BMI‐Z‐score 0 at each time point) throughout life.
The Novel HLA‐B*37:114 Allele Identified by Next‐Generation Sequencing in a Chinese Individual
Authors: You Yajie , Ma Xiao , Pan Qinqin , Yu Yuejiao , Zhou Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHLA‐B*37:114 has a single non‐synonymous change from HLA‐B*37:01:01:01 changing residue 163 from Threonine to Lysine’.
Identification of Novel HLA‐DQA1 and ‐DQB1 Alleles: DQA1*05:118 and DQB1*03:01:01:73
Authors: Ocejo‐Vinyals J. Gonzalo , Mota‐Pérez Nerea , García Mónica Renuncio , Toriello María , Balas Antonio 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDescription of the novel HLA‐DQA1*05:118 and ‐DQB1*03:01:01:73 alleles.
The Novel HLA‐C*03:678 Allele Identified Using Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: Centurião Newton de Freitas , Maciel Gabriella Camerini , Goldenstein Monica Focaccia Leal , Alonso Elena Outon , Torres Margareth Afonso 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe novel HLA‐C*03:678 allele differs from HLA‐C*03:04:01:02 by single non‐synonymous nucleotide substitution.
Circulating neuropeptide Y dynamics and performance during exercise in heart failure patients with contemporary medical and device therapy
Authors: Ayagama Thamali , Green Peregrine G. , Tan Cheryl , Monteiro Cristiana , Holdsworth David A. , Herring Neil 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHigh cardiac sympathetic drive and release of the sympathetic cotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY) are significant features of congestive heart failure (CHF), in which resting venous NPY levels are known to be associated with mortality. However, whether circulating NPY levels increase during exercise in CHF when they are already elevated is controversial. We sought to establish the dynamics of circulating NPY levels in CHF patients treated with contemporary medical therapy and devices in relationship to indices of performance linked to long‐term prognosis. CHF patients (n = 15) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing with venous blood sampling at rest, peak exercise and recovery. These patients had significantly higher resting venous NPY levels compared with an age‐ and sex‐matched control group of patients (n = 16) with normal left ventricular function (40 ± 6.9 vs. 9.0 ± 4.6 pg/mL, respectively; P < 0.0001). In CHF patients, NPY levels increased significantly from baseline to peak exercise (to 93.5 ± 42.1 pg/mL; P = 0.0004) and remained elevated during recovery (86.8 ± 44.6 pg/mL; P = 0.0018). The peak (r = 0.58, P = 0.0222) and recovery (r = 0.56, P = 0.0304) NPY levels and the ability to increase NPY from baseline (r = 0.53, P = 0.0427) showed significant positive correlations with heart rate recovery at 1 min, but not with peak oxygen consumption. In CHF patients, the ability to increase NPY levels on exertion is correlated with heart rate recovery, a known prognostic indicator for mortality. These findings suggest that NPY dynamics during exercise might provide valuable insights into sympathetic responses and prognosis in CHF patients.
Ethnic disparities in HbA1c and hypoglycemia among youth with type 1 diabetes: beyond access to technology, social deprivation and mean blood glucose
Authors: Pemberton John Stuart , Fang Zhide , Chalew Stuart A , Uday Suma 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe UK national pediatric diabetes audit reports higher HbA1c for children and young people (CYP) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) of Black ethnicity compared with White counterparts. This is presumably related to higher mean blood glucose (MBG) due to lower socioeconomic status (SES) and less access to technology. We aimed to determine if HbA1c ethnic disparity persists after accounting for the above variables.Research design and methodsA retrospective analysis of participants who received structured education in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) use was conducted at a tertiary center. HbA1c was paired with glucose metrics from 90-day CGM data. The influence of ethnicity, SES determined by Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), MBG and other covariates on HbA1c was evaluated using multiple variable regression analysis. Occurrence of hypoglycemia was evaluated.ResultsA total of 168 (79 White, 61 South Asian, 28 Black) CYP with T1D were included. There were no differences between groups for age, MBG, time in range (3.9–10.0 mmol/L), diabetes duration, gender, insulin delivery method (multiple daily injections vs continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion), or percent sensor use (PSU). In multiple variable analysis, MBG (p<0.0001), ethnicity (p<0.0001), age (p<0.001), duration of diabetes (p<0.01) and PSU (p<0.05) accounted for 81% of the variability in HbA1c. Adjusted HbA1c in the Black group (67 mmol/mol) was higher than both South Asian (63 mmol/mol) and White groups (62 mmol/mol) (p<0.001). Despite significant IMD differences between groups, it did not influence HbA1c. Multiple variable analysis showed that the Black group experienced more hypoglycemia than South Asian and White groups (<3.9 and <3.0 mmol/L, p<0.05).ConclusionsCYP from Black ethnic backgrounds have a higher HbA1c compared with their South Asian and White counterparts which is clinically significant and independent of MBG, potentially contributing to increased complications risk. Additionally, the Black group experienced a higher incidence of hypoglycemia, possibly due to a treat-to-HbA1c target approach.