bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analyses of the bacterial communities present in the spontaneously fermented milk products of Northeast India and West Africa
Authors: Sessou Philippe , Keisam Santosh , Gagara Mariama , Komagbe Gwladys , Farougou Souaïbou , Mahillon Jacques , Jeyaram Kumaraswamy 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionSpontaneous fermentation of raw cow milk without backslopping is in practice worldwide as part of the traditional food culture, including “Doi” preparation in earthen pots in Northeast India, “Kindouri” of Niger and “Fanire” of Benin prepared in calabash vessels in West Africa. Very few reports are available about the differences in bacterial communities that evolved during the spontaneous mesophilic fermentation of cow milk in diverse geographical regions.MethodsIn this study, we used high throughput amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene to investigate 44 samples of naturally fermented homemade milk products and compared the bacterial community structure of these foods, which are widely consumed in Northeast India and Western Africa.Results and discussionThe spontaneous milk fermentation shared the lactic acid bacteria, mainly belonging to Lactobacillaceae (Lactobacillus) and Streptococcaceae (Lactococcus) in these two geographically isolated regions. Indian samples showed a high bacterial diversity with the predominance of Acetobacteraceae (Gluconobacter and Acetobacter) and Leuconostoc, whereas Staphylococcaceae (Macrococcus) was abundant in the West African samples. However, the Wagashi cheese of Benin, prepared by curdling the milk with proteolytic leaf extract of Calotrophis procera followed by natural fermentation, contained Streptococcaceae (Streptococcus spp.) as the dominant bacteria. Our analysis also detected several potential pathogens, like Streptococcus infantarius an emerging infectious foodborne pathogen in Wagashi samples, an uncultured bacterium of Enterobacteriaceae in Kindouri and Fanire samples, and Clostridium spp. in the Doi samples of Northeast India. These findings will allow us to develop strategies to address the safety issues related to spontaneous milk fermentation and implement technological interventions for controlled milk fermentation by designing starter culture consortiums for the sustainable production of uniform quality products with desirable functional and organoleptic properties.
Niclosamide as a chemical probe for analyzing SARS-CoV-2 modulation of host cell lipid metabolism
Authors: Garrett Timothy J. , Coatsworth Heather , Mahmud Iqbal , Hamerly Timothy , Stephenson Caroline J. , Ayers Jasmine B. , Yazd Hoda S. , Miller Megan R. , Lednicky John A. , Dinglasan Rhoel R. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 subverts host cell processes to facilitate rapid replication and dissemination, and this leads to pathological inflammation.MethodsWe used niclosamide (NIC), a poorly soluble anti-helminth drug identified initially for repurposed treatment of COVID-19, which activates the cells’ autophagic and lipophagic processes as a chemical probe to determine if it can modulate the host cell’s total lipid profile that would otherwise be either amplified or reduced during SARS-CoV-2 infection.ResultsThrough parallel lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses we observed massive reorganization of lipid profiles of SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero E6 cells, especially with triglycerides, which were elevated early during virus replication, but decreased thereafter, as well as plasmalogens, which were elevated at later timepoints during virus replication, but were also elevated under normal cell growth. These findings suggested a complex interplay of lipid profile reorganization involving plasmalogen metabolism. We also observed that NIC treatment of both low and high viral loads does not affect virus entry. Instead, NIC treatment reduced the abundance of plasmalogens, diacylglycerides, and ceramides, which we found elevated during virus infection in the absence of NIC, resulting in a significant reduction in the production of infectious virions. Unexpectedly, at higher viral loads, NIC treatment also resulted in elevated triglyceride levels, and induced significant changes in phospholipid metabolism.DiscussionWe posit that future screens of approved or new partner drugs should prioritize compounds that effectively counter SARS-CoV-2 subversion of lipid metabolism, thereby reducing virus replication, egress, and the subsequent regulation of key lipid mediators of pathological inflammation.
A transducer positioning method for transcranial focused ultrasound treatment of brain tumors
Authors: Gao Penghao , Sun Yue , Zhang Gongsen , Li Chunsheng , Wang Linlin 
Published: October 2023

PurposeAs a non-invasive method for brain diseases, transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) offers higher spatial precision and regulation depth. Due to the altered path and intensity of sonication penetrating the skull, the focus and intensity in the skull are difficult to determine, making the use of ultrasound therapy for cancer treatment experimental and not widely available. The deficiency can be effectively addressed by numerical simulation methods, which enable the optimization of sonication modulation parameters and the determination of precise transducer positioning.MethodsA 3D skull model was established using binarized brain CT images. The selection of the transducer matrix was performed using the radius positioning (RP) method after identifying the intracranial target region. Simulations were performed, encompassing acoustic pressure (AP), acoustic field, and temperature field, in order to provide compelling evidence of the safety of tFUS in sonication-induced thermal effects.ResultsIt was found that the angle of sonication path to the coronal plane obtained at all precision and frequency models did not exceed 10° and 15° to the transverse plane. The results of thermal effects illustrated that the peak temperatures of tFUS were 43.73°C, which did not reach the point of tissue degeneration. Once positioned, tFUS effectively delivers a Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) stimulation that targets tumors with diameters of up to 3.72 mm in a one-off. The original precision model showed an attenuation of 24.47 ± 6.13 mm in length and 2.40 ± 1.42 mm in width for the FWHM of sonication after penetrating the skull.ConclusionThe vector angles of the sonication path in each direction were determined based on the transducer positioning results. It has been suggested that when time is limited for precise transducer positioning, fixing the transducer on the horizontal surface of the target region can also yield positive results for stimulation. This framework used a new transducer localization method to offer a reliable basis for further research and offered new methods for the use of tFUS in brain tumor-related research.
A pooled long-term follow-up after radiotherapy for prostate cancer with and without a rectal hydrogel spacer: impact of hydrogel on decline in sexual quality of life
Authors: Seymour Zachary A. , Pinkawa Michael , Daignault-Newton Stephanie , Bosch Walter , Michalski Jeff M. , Gay Hiram , Hamstra Daniel A. 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of prostate rectal spacers on sexual quality of life (QOL) following external beam radiation therapy (RT).Methods and materialsPatient- reported QOL was evaluated using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC). Patients were pooled from two sources: a randomized controlled trial and a non-randomized cohort of patients from a single institution. Both cohorts used the same spacing product and QOL instrument. Analysis was limited to those with good baseline pre-treatment sexual QOL (EPIC &gt;/= 60). Differences in QOL summary score and individual items were assessed compared with baseline and between treatment arms.ResultsA total of 128 men had good baseline sexual function and were evaluated (64% with spacer and 36% without) with QOL data available for median 33 months (range: 2.5–69.4 months). Men without spacer were more likely to have declines in sexual function (p &lt; 0.0001), bother (p = 0.0002), and sexual summary score (p &lt; 0.0001). A minimally important difference of 10 points (1xMID) and 20 point (2xMID) was more likely without rectal spacer [10 points: odds ratio 3.53, (95% confidence interval 1.11–11.2), p = 0.032; 20 points: odds ratio 3.29, (95% confidence interval 1.16–9.33), p = 0.025]. Seven of 13 QOL items were statistically superior with hydrogel (six of nine functional and one of four bother), while no items were statistically superior for control. At baseline, more men treated with hydrogel had erections sufficient for intercourse; however, when analyzed only by the men with best baseline erectile potential and excluding those with worse function, the benefit of rectal spacing was maintained with a higher likelihood of preservation of erections sufficient for intercourse in those treated with hydrogel.ConclusionIn this pooled analysis of QOL after prostate RT, the utilization of a hydrogel spacer was associated with better sexual QOL, less men with measurable declines in sexual QOL, and higher rates of adequate erectile function.
Risk factors for acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease during chemotherapy for lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Zhen , Bai Jiayu , Liu Yujia , Li Peng , Jiao Guangyu 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for acute exacerbation (AE) of interstitial lung disease caused by chemotherapy for lung cancer.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library databases from the establishment of each database to April 2023. Eligible studies were included, and the data on risk factors related to AE caused by chemotherapy in interstitial lung disease were extracted.ResultsA total of 878 articles were retrieved and 21 met the inclusion criteria. The studies included 1,275 patients with lung cancer combined with interstitial lung disease. The results of the meta-analysis showed four significant risk factors for AE of interstitial lung disease, namely age &lt; 70 years (odds ratio [OR]: 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–3.72), forced vital capacity (FVC) (MD=-9.33, 95% CI: -13.7–4.97), usually interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern on computed tomography (CT) (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.43–3.11), and serum surfactant protein D (SP-D) (SMD: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.03–0.67).ConclusionWhen patients with lung cancer complicated with interstitial lung disease are aged &lt; 70 years, have a UIP pattern on CT, have lower FVC values, and have higher serum levels of SP-D, chemotherapy should be carried out with care.
Reduced glucose concentration enhances ultradian rhythms in Pdcd5 promoter activity in vitro
Authors: Ting Isaiah J. , Psomas Andreas , Skene Debra J. , Van der Veen Daan R. 
Published: October 2023

Intrinsically driven ultradian rhythms in the hourly range are often co-expressed with circadian rhythms in various physiological processes including metabolic processes such as feeding behaviour, gene expression and cellular metabolism. Several behavioural observations show that reduced energy intake or increased energy expenditure leads to a re-balancing of ultradian and circadian timing, favouring ultradian feeding and activity patterns when energy availability is limited. This suggests a close link between ultradian rhythmicity and metabolic homeostasis, but we currently lack models to test this hypothesis at a cellular level. We therefore transduced 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cells with a reporter construct that drives a destabilised luciferase via the Pdcd5 promotor, a gene we previously showed to exhibit robust ultradian rhythms in vitro. Ultradian rhythmicity in Pdcd5 promotor driven bioluminescence was observed in &gt;80% of all cultures that were synchronised with dexamethasone, whereas significantly lower numbers exhibited ultradian rhythmicity in non-synchronised cultures (∼11%). Cosine fits to ultradian bioluminescence rhythms in cells cultured and measured in low glucose concentrations (2 mM and 5 mM), exhibited significantly higher amplitudes than all other cultures, and a shorter period (6.9 h vs. 8.2 h, N = 12). Our findings show substantial ultradian rhythmicity in Pdcd5 promotor activity in cells in which the circadian clocks have been synchronised in vitro, which is in line with observations of circadian synchronisation of behavioural ultradian rhythms. Critically, we show that the amplitude of ultradian rhythms is enhanced in low glucose conditions, suggesting that low energy availability enhances ultradian rhythmicity at the cellular level in vitro.
Effects of combined treatment with transcranial and peripheral electromagnetic stimulation on performance and pain recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness induced by eccentric exercise in young athletes. A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Keriven Hugo , Sánchez Sierra Alberto , González de-la-Flor Ángel , García-Arrabé María , Bravo-Aguilar María , de la Plaza San Frutos Marta , Garcia-Perez-de-Sevilla Guillermo , Tornero-Aguilera Jose Francisco , Clemente-Suarez Vicente Javier , Domínguez-Balmaseda Diego 
Published: October 2023

Background: There is a common interest in finding a common consensus in the approach of athletes suffering from DOMS with the aim of accelerating recovery and thereby enhancing performance. The objective of this study was to observe the effects of a paired-associative transcranial and peripheral electromagnetic stimulation on young athletes suffering from DOMS, induced by 1 h of eccentric and plyometric exercises.Methods: Forty-eight young athletes participated in this randomized control trial: 13 were assigned to the peripheral group (P); 12 were in the control group (Cont); 11 were assigned to the transcranial group (T) and 12 were included in the paired-associative group (Comb). The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain perception and the mechanical Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) were the tools used to analyze the symptoms of DOMS. On the other hand, the Half Squat (HS) test evaluated with an accelerometer, and the 30 m sprint velocity (30-mSP) test were used to observe the evolution of the sports performance of the lower limbs. All evaluations were performed before and after the eccentric exercise session that caused DOMS, as well as at 24–48, and 72 h afterward.Results: The AS group improved the symptoms of the induced DOMS, since significant positive differences were observed in the VAS and PPT compared to the other groups (p &lt; 0.001). In addition, the AS group showed a significant improvement in the HS and the 30-mSP tests (p &lt; 0.001). Based on the results a treatment with both peripheral and transcranial electromagnetic stimulation improves recovery and performance in athletes at 72 h, although these data would need to be verified in future research with a larger sample size.Conclusion: Paired-associative electromagnetic stimulation improved DOMS symptomatology, velocity, and sports performance in the lower limbs.
Serotonin syndrome caused by a CYP2C19-mediated interaction between low-dose escitalopram and clopidogrel: a case report
Authors: Wu Jianhong , Yu Jiao , Qu Kankan , Yin Jiajun , Zhu Chunming , Liu Xiaowei 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundSerotonin syndrome has been recognized as a serious adverse reaction to antidepressants and is characterized by sudden or severe autonomic nerve dysfunction and neuromuscular symptoms. Without an accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment, serotonin syndrome progresses rapidly and can be life-threatening. It is usually related to the dose of 5-hydroxytryptamine drugs, and the dose is the basis for diagnosis. Therefore, serotonin syndrome induced by low-dose antidepressants rarely occurs, and clinicians are more likely to misdiagnose patients who take low-dose antidepressants with similar symptoms. Here, we present a case study of serotonin syndrome caused by a relatively low dose of escitalopram, which is not common in past references.Case summaryThe patient was a 74-year-old Asian woman with a 42-year history of schizophrenia. After 6 weeks of antidepressant treatment, our patient presented with characteristic myoclonus in the lower limbs and closed eyes with fluttering. Initially, she was misdiagnosed with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) due to antipsychotic medication and was treated accordingly, even with discontinuation of clozapine. However, her symptoms persisted, and then therapeutic drug monitoring was initiated with the involvement of a clinical pharmacist. Eventually, she was diagnosed with serotonin syndrome due to escitalopram levels reaching the warning level. Subsequently, the patient’s treatment was modified, and her clinical outcome was satisfactory without any other serious adverse reactions. Gene detection was also performed, and a cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP) 2C19-mediated interaction between low-dose escitalopram and clopidogrel seems to be a possible mechanism.ConclusionData on this is extremely scarce, and to the best of our knowledge, serotonin syndrome caused by low-dose antidepressants has not yet been discussed to any great extent in the literature. Our case provides more clinical experience in the treatment of serotonin syndrome.
Association between overtime and depressive symptoms among Chinese employees
Authors: Liang Yinyin , Li Zixuan , Wang Xinrou , Liu Pengcheng , Ma Liang , Wang Xiaojie 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesThis study examines the correlation between overtime and depressive symptoms, and analyzed the moderating effect of age, education level, and income level on their correlation by using a nationally representative sample from the Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2018.MethodsParticipants are divided into three groups: 30-44 h/week, 44.1–61.9 h/week (defined as overtime group), and ≥ 62 h/week (heavy overtime group). The multiple ordered logistic regression models are conducted to estimate the association between overtime and depressive symptoms. The interaction term of overtime and moderators including age, education level, and income level are introduced into the models to test the moderating effect.ResultsThe overtime group have an increased probability of depressive symptoms (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.04–1.20) compared with those who reported working hours 30-44 h/week, after controlling for important confounders. What’s more, the worsening of depressive symptoms is more pronounced in the heavy overtime group (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.22–1.44). The moderating effect results show that younger employees, employees with high education levels, and those with high income level are more likely to be affected by the negative effects of overtime.ConclusionWorking overtime increased the likelihood of depressive symptoms. Younger employees, high-educated employees and employees with high income level are more vulnerable to the negative effects of overtime on mental health.
An action research partnership in an urban Texas county to explore barriers and opportunities for collaborative community health needs assessments
Authors: Nava Marcela , English Amanda S. , Fulmer Linda , Sanchez Katherine 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe Affordable Care Act mandated triennial community health needs assessments (CHNAs) for greater nonprofit hospital accountability in responding to community health needs. Over 10 years later, hospital spending on community benefits remains largely unchanged. While greater collaboration in CHNA implementation can increase hospital investment in community-based initiatives, nonprofit hospitals in conservative states are subject to policy, political, and economic factors that inhibit public health partnerships and magnify existing disparities in health care access. This participatory action research study explores the decision-making environment of collaborative CHNA implementation within a group of nonprofit hospitals in a north Texas urban county.MethodsIn 2017 faculty from an urban anchor institution initiated an academic-community partnership with a coalition of nonprofit hospitals, public health departments, and academic institutions. An interdisciplinary research team engaged in multi-method document review and qualitative data collection to describe historical barriers for local CHNA processes and develop practical strategies for joint CHNA initiatives. Local CHNA documents were first reviewed through team-based content analysis and results applied to develop a qualitative study protocol. Key informants were recruited from county-based nonprofit hospitals, community-based nonprofit organizations, and public health systems. Seventeen senior- and mid-level professionals participated in semi-structured research interviews to describe their perspectives relating to CHNA-related planning and implementation decisions. Through iterative data collection and analysis, the research team explored CHNA-related knowledge, experiences, and processes. A constructivist lens was subsequently applied to examine historical barriers and future opportunities for local collaboration.ResultsFindings reveal CHNA implementation is a multi-stage cyclical process in organizational environments with accountability to a wide range of public and private stakeholders. This promotes varied levels of inclusivity and conservatism in data collection and community benefit implementation. Decisions to collaborate are hindered by competing priorities, including compliance with existing guidelines, administrative simplicity, alignment with health care service delivery, and efficient resource use. Efforts to promote greater CHNA collaboration may be facilitated through intentional alignment with organizational priorities and clearly communicated benefits of participation for leaders in both public and private nonprofit health systems.DiscussionWe consider implications for policymakers and health systems in restrictive political environments and advance a conceptual framework for greater CHNA collaboration.