bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon Nanotubes for Targeted Therapy: Safety, Efficacy, Feasibility and
Regulatory Aspects
Authors: Gupta Babita , Sharma Pramod Kumar , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
It is crucial that novel and efficient drug delivery techniques be created in order to improve the pharmacological
profiles of a wide variety of classes of medicinal compounds. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have recently
come to the forefront as an innovative and very effective technique for transporting and translocating
medicinal compounds. CNTs were suggested and aggressively researched as multifunctional novel transporters
designed for targeted pharmaceutical distribution and used in diagnosis. CNTs can act as vectors for direct
administration of pharmaceuticals, particularly chemotherapeutic medications. Multi-walled CNTs make
up the great majority of CNT transporters, and these CNTs were used in techniques to target cancerous cells. It
is possible to employ Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to transport bioactive peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, and
medicines by functionalizing them with these substances. Due to their low toxicity and absence of immunogenicity,
carbon nanotubes are not immunogenic. Ammonium-functionalized carbon nanotubes are also attractive
vectors for gene-encoding nucleic acids. CNTs that have been coupled with antigenic peptides have the potential
to be developed into a novel and efficient approach for the use of synthetic vaccines. CNTs bring up an
enormous number of new avenues for future medicine development depending on targets within cells, which
have until now been difficult to access. This review focuses on the numerous applications of various CNT
types used as medicine transport systems and on the utilization of CNTs for therapeutical purposes.
Bibliometric Analysis to Improve Combined Treatment Strategies for
Glioblastoma in America
Authors: Molina-García José , Vázquez David , Piñón Ernesto , Portilla Alonso , Tena-Suck Martha Lilia , Lee Angel , Rubio Carmen 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Bibliometric analysis quantitatively examines scientific literature to extract
insights. This article has conducted such analysis on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment articles.
GBM, a prevalent brain tumor, is typically treated with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.

Objectives:
The article aimed to bibliometrically analyze articles discussing combined GBM treatment
to identify impactful research areas and encourage collaboration.

Materials and Methods:
The study encompassed a comprehensive search in the Scopus database,
spanning articles published from 1974 to 2022. Inclusion criteria encompassed research conducted in
the Americas, both clinical and experimental. A total of 772 articles were collected and categorized
based on their primary focus on combined treatment approaches.

Results:
Clinical studies constituted 52% of articles, suggesting a slight dominance. The analysis unveiled
key research moments, including a 1998 focus shift and a pivotal 2005 study on temozolomide-
radiation combination. Top journals, trends, and authors were identified, with the USA
leading in contributions.

Discussions:
Despite high brain tumor incidence, research distribution discrepancy is concerning.
Regional epidemiological studies have been endorsed. The dominance of US and German authors in
GBM collaboration has raised equity issues due to budget and GDP disparities limiting Latin American
representation.

Conclusion:
GBM research in the region is dominated by the USA, while contributions from Latin
American countries remain limited. The absence of comprehensive epidemiological studies on GBM
in Latin America is concerning, considering the evident impact of the disease in the region. This underscores
the urgent need for increased research participation and collaboration to advance the understanding
and treatment of GBM across Latin American nations.
Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Detection of
Corticosteroids, Small Peptides, SARMs and Quaternary Ammonium
Drugs in Camel Urine for Doping Control Applications
Authors: Nalakath Jahfar , P.T. Rasik , O.K. Praseen , P. Shamil , Selvapalam N. , Nagarajan E.R. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Detection and identification of a wide range of drugs, including small peptides,
corticosteroids, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), and quaternary ammonium
drugs (QADs), are imperative across several domains, particularly in anti-doping analysis, given the
potential misuse of these substances in animal sports, there is an urgent demand for an allencompassing
screening method to effectively identify these compounds.

Objective:
To develop a robust and sensitive high-resolution method for simultaneous screening of
small peptides, corticosteroids, SARMs, and QADs using liquid chromatography accurate mass spectrometry
in post-race urine samples. This method integrates a streamlined single-stage extraction
approach, significantly enhancing efficiency and adaptability for screening drugs across various classes.

Methods:
The method development and validation involved a comprehensive solid-phase extraction
protocol, which included a sequential elution for corticosteroids, small peptides, SARMs, and QADs.
Chromatographic separation was achieved using a reverse-phase C18 column, and the analysis was
performed using liquid chromatography - high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry.

Results:
The developed method was validated using a selection of drugs representing each class. The
method exhibited robustness and sensitivity, enabling the simultaneous screening of the specified
drug classes. The flexibility inherent in the proposed extraction and analysis method allows for
seamless integration of new drug candidates eliminating the need for method redevelopment.

Conclusion:
A versatile and effective screening method was successfully developed and validated for
the simultaneous detection of small peptides, corticosteroids, SARMs, and QADs. The method's ability
for retrospective analysis of emerging drugs using full scan HRMS enhances its utility. This method holds
great promise across various fields where accurate and comprehensive drug screening is imperative.
An Approach for Evaluation and Recognition of Facial Emotions Using
EMG Signal
Authors: Maity Sourav , Veer Karan 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Facial electromyography (fEMG) records muscular activities from the facial
muscles, which provides details regarding facial muscle stimulation patterns in experimentation.

Objectives:
The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is mostly implemented, whereas the actual or
unprocessed initial fEMG data are rendered into low-spatial units with minimizing the level of data
repetition.

Methods:
Facial EMG signal was acquired by using the instrument BIOPAC MP150. Four electrodes
were fixed on the face of each participant for capturing the four different emotions like happiness,
anger, sad and fear. Two electrodes were placed on arm for grounding purposes.

Results:
The aim of this research paper is to propagate the functioning of PCA in synchrony with the
subjective fEMG analysis and to give a thorough apprehension of the advanced PCA in the areas of
machine learning. It describes its arithmetical characteristics, while PCA is estimated by implying the
covariance matrix. Datasets which are larger in size are progressively universal and their interpretation
often becomes complex or tough. So, it is necessary to minimize the number of variables and
elucidate linear compositions of the data to explicate it on a huge number of variables with a relevant
approach. Therefore, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied because it is an unsupervised
training method that utilizes advanced statistical concept to minimize the dimensionality of huge datasets.

Conclusion:
This work is furthermore inclined toward the analysis of fEMG signals acquired for four
different facial expressions using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to provide clarity on the variation
of features.
Bridging the Mind and Body
Authors: Shumaker Jasmine , Yohannes Semhar , Sannella Lydia 
Published: January 2024

Academic libraries and campus food pantries are on the front lines of feeding college students experiencing food insecurity. Academic libraries are uniquely positioned to address these students. Food pantries located in academic libraries have many advantages over traditional food pantries, such as longer hours, greater accessibility, and staff with more customer service experience.
This paper will focus on the budding partnership between the University of Maryland, Baltimore County’s Albin O. Kuhn Library and Retriever Essentials, the on-campus food access initiative. We will examine the campus demographics, specifically campus food insecurity statistics, and how that contributes to the overall need for the Library mini pantry space. In addition, we will also discuss ways to identify key partners, the ideal location, and the best pantry model to implement.
The urgency of this initiative encourages us to include “tips to getting started” at your own campus. Usage statistics will also be briefed, and best practices, including the need to include culturally inclusive foods, will be reviewed as well as our next steps for the mini pantry.
Inovasi Kebijakan Badan Usaha Milik Desa untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Desa dalam Perspektif Neo Institusionalisme
Authors: Irawan Jairi , Wardiyanto Bintoro , Setijaningrum Erna 
Published: January 2024

Pemerintah berupaya menjadikan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUM Desa) menjadi center perekonomian di desa. Tugas BUM Desa adalah meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Desa (PADesa) dan pendorong dinamisasi perekonomian untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat. Minimnya penyertaan modal serta pandemi awal tahun 2020 mengharuskan Pemerintah Desa melakukan berbagai kebijakan untuk mempertahankan eksistensi BUM Desa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi bagaimana munculnya inovasi kebijakan BUM Desa serta kontribusinya dalam meningkatkan PADesa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif eksploratif dimana informasi digali dengan wawancara mendalam. Para Informan merupakan aktor yang terlibat langsung dengan BUM Desa Larasati. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan perspektif Neo Institusionalisme. Penelitian ini menghasilkan, antara lain: pertama, inovasi kebijakan tidak terlepas dari peran aktor kunci di dalamnya; kedua, inovasi kebijakan yang telah dilakukan BUM Desa telah meningkatkan PADesa dalam tiga tahun terakhir sejak tahun 2020.
Kata Kunci: BUM Desa, Inovasi, PADesa, Neo Institusinalisme
Abstract
The government is trying to make BUM Desa the center of the economy in the village. The task of BUM Desa is to increase village original income and drive economic dynamics for community welfare. The lack of capital investment and the pandemic early 2020 required the village government to implement various policies to maintain its existence. The goal of this research is to determine how the emergence of Village BUM policy innovations affects PADesa. This study uses exploratory qualitative methods, wherein the informants are collected through in-depth interviews. The informants are actors who are directly involved with BUM Larasati Village. The research data are analyzed using a neo-institutionalist perspective. The results of this research show that policy innovation is inseparable from the role of key actors in it, and these policy innovations have increased PADesa in the last three years since 2020.
Key words: BUM Desa, Innovation, PADesa, Neo-Institutionalism
Protected Time for Program Administration among Nephrology Program Leadership in the United States
Authors: Yuan Christina M. , Young Brian Y. , Watson Maura A. , Sussman Amy N. 
Published: January 2024

Background
In 2022, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education reduced minimum program director protected time for program administration from 10 to 8 h/wk, with no core faculty requirement. We surveyed program leaders regarding the effect of these changes.

Methods
This is an anonymous, online survey of all US adult nephrology program directors (March 2023), who forwarded core faculty/associate program director (APD) surveys. The questions included protected time in 2022–2023 and 2021–2022, whether it was sufficient, estimated time needed, and two validated single-item burnout measures (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization). The analysis was descriptive.

Results
Program directors: Their response was 62% (92/149), with geographic distribution/approved fellow positions similar to those nationally. Overall, protected time slightly increased from 2021 to 2022, largely in >6-fellow programs, but 42% (13/31) of these were still not meeting minimum requirements. Only 37% (30/81) agreed that they had sufficient protected time. Those with ≤6 fellows estimated needing 11±4 h/wk (15±4 h/wk with >6 fellows). Twenty-five percent (20/81) reported high levels of emotional exhaustion. Core faculty: 57 of 149 program directors (38%) forwarded the link to 454 faculty. Ninety-four percent of APDs (49/52) responded, reported 3±3 h/wk protected time (42% had none), and estimated needing 6±3 h/wk, regardless of program size. Sixty-seven of 402 core faculty (17%) responded, reported 2±3 h/wk (50% had none), and estimated needing 5±3 h/wk, regardless of program size. ≥85% of APDs and core faculty precepted clinical rotations, gave lectures, evaluated fellows, mentored scholarly work, and participated in recruitment. The majority assisted in fellow remediation. Thirty-four percent (15/44) of APDs and 21% (13/61) of core faculty reported high levels of emotional exhaustion.

Conclusions
Program leaders estimated minimum necessary program administration times (on the basis of program size) that exceeded the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requirements. APDs/core faculty contributed substantially to nonclinical training. Thirty-four percent of APDs and 25% of program directors had a high likelihood of burnout.
RENEWABLE ENERGIES, ENVIRONMENT AND GDP INTERACTIONS IN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
Authors: Boudiaf Hafid 
Published: January 2024

To determine the role of renewable energies in preserving the environment, and promoting economic growth in low-income countries, the study sampled 38 African countries, most of which belong to low-middle or low-income countries, according to the classification of the World Bank. The panel ardl approach was used on time series covering the period 1990-2019. The most important results reached were the existence of a long-term cointegration relationship between the variables, a positive contribution of renewable energies to preserving the environment, through the negative impact on CO2 emissions, in contrast to economic growth, which had a positive effect on increasing CO2. On the other hand, there was no impact of renewable energies on GDP, the reason is that these renewable energies are traditional, and used directly from their natural sources, they cannot be used in the running economic cycle, and therefore have no effect on economic growth.
INTERACCIONES DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES, MEDIO AMBIENTE Y PIB EN PAÍSES DE INGRESOS BAJOS
RESUMEN
Para determinar el papel de las energías renovables en la preservación del medio ambiente y la promoción del crecimiento económico en los países de bajos ingresos, este estudio tomó una muestra de 38 países africanos, la mayoría de los cuales pertenecen a países de ingresos medios-bajos o bajos, según la clasificación del Banco Mundial. Se utilizó el método ardl de panel en series temporales para el periodo 1990-2019. Los resultados más importantes muestran la existencia de una relación de cointegración de largo plazo entre las variables y una contribución positiva de las energías renovables en la preservación del medio ambiente, a través del impacto negativo en las emisiones de CO2, en contraste con el crecimiento económico que tuvo un impacto positivo en el aumento de CO2. Por otro lado, no hubo ningún efecto de las energías renovables en el PIB, la razón es que éstas se utilizan directamente de sus fuentes naturales por lo que no pueden usarse en el ciclo económico en curso y, por tanto, no tienen ningún efecto sobre el crecimiento económico.
Absorber Layer Thickness as a New Feature in Statistical Learning Tools of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Velez Sanchez Jeisson Emilio , Botero Londoño Monica Andrea , Sepulveda Sepulveda Franklin Alexander , Otalora Bastidas Camilo Andres , Camacho Parra Cristian David 
Published: January 2024

In the last decade, the development of perovskite-based solar cells has emerged as a technological alternative for the photovoltaic generation with a higher efficiency/cost ratio. Many contributions have been made in recent years, as evidenced by many academic publications with worldwide experimental results in this area. Machine learning as a tool can support the development of this technology by predicting new materials, novel solar cell configurations, and evaluating the most relevant experimental parameters, among others. For this, the automatic learning models used in predicting or classifying the information available in the literature or generated experimentally must be improved. One way to improve these models is by including new descriptors that allow improving the prediction. In this work, we evaluated the use of the absorber layer thickness as a descriptor in a linear regression model using a database of 221 literature records containing information on the bandgap, the ?HOMO (perovskite-HTL), and ?LUMO (perovskite-ETL) of different perovskite cells, together with the thickness of the absorber layer. By building two multiple linear regression models, including or not the thickness of the absorber layer, a reduction in the root mean square error RMSE of 4.4% and 2.8% was found in the prediction of the Jsc and PCE, respectively. By applying a linear regression model, an improvement in the prediction of Jsc can be seen due to the inclusion of thickness as a descriptor, which is in line with the relatively high value of the mutual information measure between thickness and Jsc.
AKTIVITAS HEPATOPROTEKTIF EKSTRAK DAUN BINAHONG PADA TIKUS DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Tandi Joni 
Published: January 2024

Tanaman binahong merupakan salah satu tumbuhan herbal yang memiliki khasiat sebagai tanaman bahan obat yang digunakan untuk berbagai penyakit sepeti kerusakan hati, diabetes, jantung, tekanan darah tinggi, muntah darah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kadar metabolit sekunder dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan uji antioksidan serta aktivitas hepatoprotektif daun binahong. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan DPPH serta uji lanjut Kruskal-Wallis dan uji ManWhitney terhadap hepar tikus diabetes melitus. Hasil analisis kualitatif Ekstrak Daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia Stenis) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Saponin dan Tanin. Pada Uji kuantitatif diperoleh kadar total untuk flavonoid adalah 0,2433% b/b, saponin 0,1631% b/b, tanin 0,2512% b/b dan alkaloid 0,0350% b/b dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun binahong diperoleh hasil berdasarkan nilai IC50 sebesar 61,9 ppm termasuk dalam kategori antioksidan kuat. Pada histopatologi hewan uji diinduksi dengan streptozotocin dan diberikan perlakuan masing-masing kelompok kontrol normal yang tidak diinduksi, kontrol negatif Na CMC 0,5%, kontrol positif Metformin, kelompok uji yang diberikan ekstrak masing-masing dengan dosis 25, 50 dan 100 mg/kg BB. Pada penelitian ini ekstrak daun binahong memiliki aktivitas sebagai hepatoprotektor pada dosis 100 mg/BB tikus diabetes melitus.
La comunicación a través del diseño como herramienta para difundir el legado de Ibn Gabirol con motivo de su milenario
Authors: Suárez Caballero Fabián 
Published: January 2024

En abril de 2021, la consultora Narita diseñó una campaña para conmemorar el 1.000 aniversario del nacimiento de Salomón Ibn Gabirol, destacado poeta y filósofo malagueño de origen judío. La campaña, encargada por el Ayuntamiento de Málaga, pretendía homenajear la figura de Ibn Gabirol y su influencia en la literatura hebrea medieval.
El diseño central de la campaña incluía un sello conmemorativo con una ilustración del busto de Ibn Gabirol, utilizando trazos sintéticos basados en las pocas imágenes disponibles del poeta. Se utilizaron tipos de letra en español y hebreo cuidadosamente seleccionados para garantizar la armonía entre las distintas grafías. Además, se utilizaron aforismos extraídos de la obra de Ibn Gabirol para crear piezas promocionales como carteles, banners digitales y gráficos en movimiento.
La campaña destacó la importancia de Málaga como punto de partida en la vida de Ibn Gabirol y su contribución a la diáspora hispánica de las tres culturas (musulmana, judía y cristiana) en la España medieval. El siglo XI se considera un periodo dorado para los judíos en España, y Málaga fue un centro de cosmopolitismo y tolerancia.
Ibn Gabirol destacó como intelectual polifacético y moralista comprometido, cuya obra refleja una síntesis de influencias filosóficas clásicas. Su legado pervive gracias a campañas como ésta, que rescatan su mensaje de amor, tolerancia y humanidad. La estrategia de Narita permitió conectar la cultura contemporánea con la figura de Ibn Gabirol y su perdurable influencia en Málaga y más allá
The Relationship Between Home Sanitation and Diarrhea In Toddlers In The Work Area Of The Lempake Health Center Samarinda City
Authors: Rosdiana  , Suhartini  , Sumadi  
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To determine the relationship between home sanitation and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in the working area of the Lempake Community Health Center, Samarinda City in 2023.
Research Metodes: Quantitative method with cross sectional research design. The research sample was toddlers who had experienced diarrhea with a sample size of 79 respondents. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique. Data analysis in the study used the Chi-Square statistical test.
Results: The results showed that there was a relationship between latrine cleanliness and the incidence of diarrhea P-value (0,009 < 0,05), there was a relationship between waste management and the incidence of diarrhea P-value (0,046 < 0,05), there was no relationship between the type of floor of the house and the incidence of diarrhea in toddler P-value 90,230 > 0,05).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between latrine cleanliness of latrines and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers with a P-value (0,009 < 0,05), there is a relatonship between waste management and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers with a significance P-value (0,046 < 0,05), there is no relationship between the type of floor of the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers with a significant P-value (0,230 > 0,05).
Gastric volvulus in elderly patient: a case report, approach and literature review
Authors: Kilidar Salsabeel , Al Zaabi Ibraheem , Jaber Mohamed , Mahmoud Khalid 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Acute gastric volvulus is a rare condition that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. The presenting complaint is usually due to symptoms related to gastric outlet obstruction, which might include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, bowel obstruction, and even perforation or peritonitis.

Case Presentation:
A case of acute gastric volvulus was presented in a 78-year-old woman with a complaint of epigastric pain. The patient presented with a sudden onset of abdominal pain and vomiting. She was diagnosed with acute gastric volvulus on abdominal imaging and was successfully treated with laparoscopic surgery.

Conclusion:
This case highlighted the importance of considering gastric volvulus in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain, especially in patients with underlying risk factors.