bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The profile of long-stay patients in a psychiatric hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Myeni Siziphiwe Y. , Ntlantsana Vuyokazi , Tomita Andrew , Aguwa Ugochukwu S. , Bridgmohun Reyanta , Shabalala Sinethemba 
Published: January 2025

Background: South African psychiatric hospitals’ inpatient average length of stay is approximately 220 days. Inpatient care accounts for over 80% of the mental national healthcare budget. However, there is limited research on factors associated with length of stay (LOS) in tertiary psychiatric hospitals.Aim: To determine the threshold for long-stay and describe the socio-demographic and clinical profile of long-stay patients admitted to a tertiary psychiatric hospital.Setting: Townhill Hospital: a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: A retrospective review of clinical records of admissions between January 2019 and January 2020 was conducted. Information on LOS, sociodemographic and clinical factors was collected. The interquartile range (IQR) of LOS in days was calculated, with patients above 75th percentile classified as long-stay patients.Results: In total, 326 records were included. The 75th percentile LOS was 120 days. Eighty-three patients (25.46%) had a stay of 120 days or longer. The median LOS was 73 (IQR 49–120) days. Factors associated with long-stay included being male (p 0.001), a psychotic disorder diagnosis (p = 0.019), receiving a disability grant (p = 0.050), involuntary admission (p = 0.010) and multiple readmissions (p = 0.010).Conclusion: Psychotic disorders and associated factors are key contributors to long-stay hospitalisations.Contribution: This study highlights the burden of inpatient care for psychotic disorders and the need for interventions that optimise care and promote remission. To reduce the economic impact of prolonged hospitalisations, early intervention and enhanced community-based mental healthcare services focused on psychotic disorders are recommended.
Antianemic activities of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in Wistar rats with alloxan-induced diabetes
Authors: Victor Akalonu Ikechkwu , Chidi Iwuji Samnuel , Ogbonna Churchill , Chidimma Opara Eva 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
This study aimed to investigate the antianemic activity of plant-extracted succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in Wistar rats with alloxan-induced diabetes.

Methods:
The experiment was conducted at the Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Agbani, Enugu State. A total of 42 healthy male and female Wistar rats weighing approximately 100–150 g were randomly divided into seven groups, each comprising six rats. Group A (normal control) was only fed with water and food. Group B (the negative control group) was induced with diabetes using alloxan and left untreated. Group C (the positive control group) was induced and treated with metformin. Group D (test Group I) was treated with a combination of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in a 50:50 ratio at 100 mg/kg body weight. Group E (test Group 2) was treated with succinic acid only at 100 mg/kg body weight. Group F (test Group 3) was treated with hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane at 100 mg/kg body weight. Group G (test Group 4) received a combination of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in a 50:50 ratio at 200 mg/kg body weight. Several in vitro laboratory investigations were conducted to determine the activity of these phytocompounds in erythrocytes.

Results:
After 4 weeks of treatment, Group G, which received the 50:50 combination of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane at 200 mg/kg body weight, demonstrated significantly greater recovery from anemia (P <0.05). This finding suggests a possible synergistic effect in a dose- dependent manner.

Conclusion:
A 50:50 combination of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight exhibits synergistic effects and may serve as a potential therapeutic option for preventing and treating anemia caused by chemically induced type 2 diabetes.
Pregnancy with a Left Ventricular Assist Device: A Narrative Review
Authors: Abraham Matthew S. , Andrews Lijo M. , Deo Harsha , Paul John , Angappan Santhalakshmi , Samuel Abraham , Abraham Abey S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
This narrative review discusses the various challenges associated with the presence of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) during pregnancy. Given the hemodynamic and coagulation changes associated with pregnancy, the presence of an LVAD adds a layer of complexity with respect to optimal management. This review will discuss the anesthetic considerations when dealing with this subset of patients who may have other comorbidities alongside their advanced heart failure. Additionally, this paper aims to review successful pregnancies with an LVAD placement focusing on the mode of delivery and hemodynamic management risk.
Fast-Track Extubation in a Patient Undergoing Whole Lung Lavage: A Case Report
Authors: Sandeep Gade , Singha Subrata K. , Gupta Anil , Chinnadurai Keerthi , Gupta Harishchandra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare pulmonary pathology characterized by the accumulation of surfactant within type II alveolar epithelial cells. Whole lung lavage is the standard treatment for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis involving a large volume of fluid is infused into one lung and subsequently retrieved while the other lung is remains ventilated. Fast-tracking a patient undergoing whole lung lavage requires vigilant monitoring of arterial blood gases, fluid status, and respiratory mechanics. We report a case of a patient who underwent whole lung lavage for PAP, where early extubation was performed, avoiding the complications associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation.
A Comprehensive Clinical Acumen Enhanced by Point-of-Care Ultrasonography in Managing Acute Life-Threatening Massive Pulmonary Thromboembolism in a Peripheral Setting: A Case Report
Authors: Chhaperwal Prabhav , Kumar Sudhir , Suri Gurbinder , Garg Uma , Kapoor Suraj , Devarakonda Bhargava 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Acute massive pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a potentially life-threatening condition requiring urgent management to decrease mortality. However, in the peripheral setting, managing the emergency can be challenging. We report a case of massive PTE presenting with cardiopulmonary arrest, successfully managed with advanced cardiac life support, early initiation of anticoagulants (heparin), and thrombolytics. This case report explores the successful management of a critically ill patient presenting with massive pulmonary embolism in a peripheral healthcare facility, emphasizing the importance of a well-coordinated approach in such challenging environments. The approach in the case included recognizing the challenge with timely provisional diagnosis, initial stabilization, hemodynamic support, early consideration for anticoagulants, and thrombolysis after supporting provisional diagnosis with point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS), team effort, and administrative support in Cas Evac to the tertiary care center. Timely administration of heparin and thrombolytics may serve as potential life-saving measures in peripheral settings, along with the availability of an ultrasound machine. Managing acute life-threatening massive PTE in peripheral settings requires a strategic and resourceful approach. Timely administration of heparin and thrombolytics may serve as potential life-saving measures. However, the administration of thrombolytics in PTE needs the support of POCUS to make quick decisions in peripheral settings. Collaboration between peripheral and advanced tertiary care healthcare facilities is crucial to ensure optimal outcomes for patients experiencing this critical condition.
Accuracy of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiographic Doppler Parameters in Assessing the Right Ventricular Diastolic Function After Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Panidapu Nagarjuna , Babu Saravana , Dharan Baiju S. , Sen Barsha , Koshy Thomas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
This study aimed to assess the accuracy of tricuspid spectral Doppler (E/A) and tissue Doppler parameters (E/E’) to diagnose right ventricular diastolic dysfunction (RVDD) in comparison to American Society of Echocardiography (ASE criteria) in pediatric tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients after surgical repair.

Methods:
This prospective, observational study was done at a tertiary care hospital involving 40 pediatric TOF patients aged less than 2 years who underwent complete intracardiac repair with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Echocardiographic observations were made using a pediatric transesophageal echocardiography probe after surgical repair in the post-CPB period. The ASE-described parameters (late diastolic forward flow in the main pulmonary artery, right atrial dilatation, inferior vena cava dilatation, and hepatic venous flow reversal) were acquired to diagnose the RVDD. The tricuspid Doppler parameters (E/A and E/E’) were measured, and its predictive ability to diagnose RVDD was analyzed and compared with the ASE criteria.

Results:
Based on the ASE criteria, 13 patients (32.5%) were diagnosed to have RVDD. We found that an E/E’ ratio of ≥ 6.26 and an E/A ratio of >1.34 can be taken as the cutoff for diagnosing the RVDD. Based on the tricuspid Doppler parameters (E/A > 1.34 and E/E’ >6.26), 17 patients (42.5%) were diagnosed to have RVDD, which was comparable to that of the diagnosis by ASE criteria (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
The results suggested that the use of tricuspid Doppler parameters can be equally accurate and reproducible to the current ASE-described echocardiographic parameters for diagnosing RVDD after surgical repair of TOF.
New Onset of Systolic Anterior Motion and Severe Mitral Regurgitation after Warm Ischemia in Donation after Circulatory Death Heart Transplantation
Authors: Albiol M Pozo , Arguis MJ , Carretero MJ , Otero S Martínez , Caravaca P , Alcocer J , Ripoll R Navarro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Donation after circulatory death is helping to expand the donor pool for heart transplantation. Nevertheless, these hearts are more susceptible to myocardial edema and decision of accepting the organ can be a challenge for the heart transplant team. Hemodynamic and echocardiographic criteria are used routinely, but there is still a lack of strong evidence that supports the decision-making in particular situations. That is why the authors found useful to analyze a case with a good outcome that could help accepting more organs in a situation of shortage.
Effect of an educational program on teachers’ knowledge and attitude regarding emergency care of dental trauma
Authors: Mohammed Fayza M. , Khalaf Shimaa A. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Traumatic dental injuries are a serious concern and they were most common in schools. Many school-aged suffer some type of trauma to their primary or permanent teeth. The timely and effective response of skilled teachers is crucial for the prognosis of avulsed teeth.

Aim
To evaluate the effect of an educational program on teachers’ knowledge and attitude regarding emergency care of dental trauma.

Study design
Quasi-experimental pre/post-test.

Setting
Nine schools were selected by stratified random sampling technique.

Sample
A total of 300 teachers were selected randomly.

Patients and method
Two tools; tool one interview questionnaire divided into: Part (I): Personal and demographic data, Part (II): Teachers’ knowledge regarding emergency care of dental trauma. Tool two: Teachers’ attitude toward their role in emergency care of dental trauma.

Results
It was found that 54.7% of teachers aged greater than or equal to 40 years, 64.3% of the selected teachers were male. Also, 91% of them had poor knowledge in preprogram which became 3% after program application and 38.3% of teachers had a positive attitude toward dental trauma in preprogram increased to be 84.7% postprogram intervention.

Conclusion
Teachers’ knowledge and attitude about emergency care of dental trauma was significantly improved after the educational program.

Recommendations
Continuous health education programs for schools’ teachers to increase their knowledge concerning the emergency management of traumatic dental injuries.
Association between electronic media addiction and adolescents’ behavioral changes
Authors: Elrahman Ahmed Faten A.A. , Mohamed Nehad H. , Gaber Naglaa M. , Sadik Mohamed N.E. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Electronic media, such as computers, tablets, and mobile phones, are now widely used in areas of communication, education, entertainment, and business around the world. While there are many benefits to this, uncontrolled technology usage can lead to problems such as electronic media addiction (EMA).

Aim
This study aimed to investigate the association between EMA and behavioral changes among adolescents.

Research design
A descriptive correlational research design was used.

Sample
A purposive sample of 294 students.

Setting
This study was carried out in two schools in Cairo Governorate, the first one is Al-Moneera Preparatory Governmental Language School, and the second school is Al-Mobtadayan Secondary Governmental Language School.

Tools
The tools used in the study were sociodemographic and electronic media usage sheet, Multiple Screen Addiction Scale, and Adolescent Behavioral Changes Questionnaire.

Results
Of the study sample, 75.50% exhibited monothetic EMA and 24.5% exhibited polythetic EMA. Near half of the study sample (45.9%) had moderate behavioral changes and only 9.5% of the study sample had significant behavioral changes. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between EMA and behavioral changes among the studied sample.

Conclusion
The prevalence of EMA is higher among adolescents, which negatively affects their behavior. The main behavioral changes were aggression, hyperactivity, conduct problems, and emotional problems.

Recommendations
Safe electronic media usage should be endorsed into students’ curriculum.
CHINA’S POLICY IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Karapetyan Roman 
Published: January 2025

The paper examines the policy of the People's Republic of China in the South Caucasus. The main task of the research is to highlight the political, economic and cultural factors that strongly affect the formation of China’s foreign policy in the region. China’s policy in the South Caucasus has become more active in the last decade, which is primarily due to the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative and China's growing interests in the region.
The study of the South Caucasian vector of China's foreign policy is quite actual among the researchers of both Armenia and other countries of the region. However, we consider it necessary to explore official Beijing's regional policies in the context of a comparative analysis. The need to explore the issue has especially heightened after the 2020 war in Nagorno-Karabakh, as it transformed Beijing's political interests and changed its behavior in the region. Though China's interests in the South Caucasus are primarily measured in the context of the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, in fact, it can be the most important, but only one aspect of China’s growing interests in the region. In the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian military action, which started in 2022, the given topic becomes even more relevant.
In the paper we have tried to observe the development process of China's South Caucasian policy in dynamics, as well as to highlight the factors that influence the formation of Beijing’s policy behavior. On the other hand, we have set a task to consider the possible scenarios of the development of relations between China and the countries of the the South Caucasus region as well as the possible scenarios for the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative in the South Caucasus.
Model Komunikasi Lingkungan dalam Pengembangan Ekowisata Mangrove di Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Sherly Islamia  , Purwanto Eko 
Published: January 2025

Rendahnya tingkat keamanan dan kurangnya kompetensi sumber daya manusia menjadi tantangan dalam pengembangan ekowisata Mangrove di Kabupaten Tangerang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis model komunikasi lingkungan dalam pengembangan ekowisata mangrove di Desa Ketapang, Kabupaten Tangerang, dengan fokus pada partisipasi masyarakat, resolusi konflik, dan dampaknya terhadap pelestarian lingkungan serta pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus digunakan untuk menggali data dari berbagai sumber, termasuk wawancara mendalam dengan pemangku kepentingan, observasi langsung, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), serta analisis dokumen resmi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi lingkungan yang melibatkan aspek retorika, edukasi, partisipasi publik, dan kolaborasi berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pentingnya ekosistem mangrove. Namun, tantangan seperti kekhawatiran terkait relokasi memerlukan strategi komunikasi yang inklusif dan dialogis. Pemerintah berhasil mengatasi hambatan ini melalui pendekatan partisipatif dan penyediaan solusi, seperti relokasi yang menghasilkan Kampung Pelangi sebagai kawasan baru. Selain itu, pelibatan masyarakat dalam sektor UMKM dan pengelolaan ekowisata berkontribusi signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan edukasi berbasis bukti, promosi melalui media sosial, dan penguatan kolaborasi antar pemangku kepentingan untuk keberlanjutan pengelolaan ekowisata mangrove.
Kids Just Wanna Get Fun: A Children-Centric Participatory Research Methodology for Sustainable Cities and Communities
Authors: Carrión Galo , Acurio Emilia , Idrovo Israel , Cedillo Cristina , Quezada Adriana , Vivanco Lorena , Orellana Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Urban planning and design have traditionally been adult-centric, driven by professionals and decision-makers focusing on space efficiency, economic development, and urban performance. This approach has resulted in cities becoming increasingly hostile environments for younger populations. Cuenca, Ecuador, an intermediate-sized city, exemplifies this trend, with children no longer walking or cycling to school due to decades of car-centric planning. They now rely on private cars, school buses, or public transport.
Despite growing interest in integrating the perspectives of vulnerable groups into urban design, there is limited information on participatory planning and co-design approaches focused on school-age children.

Objective: The objective of this study is to propose and evaluate a participatory research methodology to incorporate the perspectives of children aged 10 to 12 regarding their school environments and their visions for safer, more engaging routes to school in Cuenca in the context of more sustainable cities and communities

Method: The methodology includes several participatory techniques organized within an interactive fictional narrative in which children assume the role of urban environment researchers. The method employs various instruments: mapping, route-to-school evaluation, place awareness, activity journals, and co-design activities.

Results and Discussion: The results offer vital insights for planning and designing safer routes to schools that meet children's specific needs and aspirations. These insights sometimes contradict adult-centric views that prioritize efficiency. For instance, solutions deemed safer by adults can impede efforts to promote active commuting among children.

Findings: The findings highlight the importance of using tailored methods to gain deep insights into children's preferences and perceptions. These insights call for fundamentally reevaluating urban planning paradigms in Latin American cities to better accommodate children's needs and perspectives.

Research Implications: Governments, Urban Planners and Decision Makers should include the perspectives and voices of children by using participatory planning and a co-design approach to create more friendly cities.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by proposing and evaluating a participatory design approach to a better understanding of children needs in urban planning specifically in developing safe routes to schools.
Imagining Reality: Bosch's Vision of 15th-Century Dutch Art in Reflection of SDG and Cultural Sustainability
Authors: Wen Ding Jing , Shaari Shahrul Anuar bin , Chin Christy Tong Hoey , Er Zhao Wan , Tao Su , Fei Du Yu 
Published: January 2025

Bosch's societal setting for his works Times of religious, social, and cultural transformation abound in The Garden of Earthly Delights and The Last Judgment.

Objective: This study aims to investigate and evaluate the sociocultural and psychological characteristics of Bosch’s paintings.

Method: This study used the analysis checklist to analyze the paintings through thematic analysis.

Results and Discussion: Through these conversations, the establishment of social norms and their impact on Bosch's artistic output is revealed, broadening understanding of the complex and multifaceted standard of living in fifteenth-century Holland.

Originality/Value: As Bosch depicted symbols of social discourse in his paintings, people were inspired to reflect deeply on the complexities that stood out in the 15th century. These insights illuminate historical living standards and emphasize the importance of cultural and societal sustainability in the Sustainable Development Goals. This study indicates that historical art stimulates discussions around sustainable lifestyles and cultural resilience.
Combating Agri-Pests in Jordan: The Role of International Law in Preventing Invasive Spread Through Global Trade to Advance Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Khwaileh Khaled Mohammad , Nashat Bani Hamad , Enad Talafheh , Al-Atili Hadeel , Khaled Alamayrey , Alsharu Ahmad 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This paper examines the role of international law in preventing the invasive spread of agricultural pests through global trade in Jordan, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 15 (Life on Land), which emphasizes halting biodiversity loss and promoting sustainable land use. The research evaluates pest management strategies based on effectiveness, cost-efficiency, ease of implementation, compliance with international regulations, and sustainability.

Theoretical Framework: Grounded in international trade and environmental agreements, including the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), the research highlights the role of global frameworks in harmonizing pest control practices, addressing regulatory gaps, and fostering international collaboration.

Method: A multi-criteria decision-making model using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) Method was employed. Five strategic alternatives were assessed against five critical criteria using data collected through expert surveys and literature reviews. The decision matrix was normalized, weighted, and analyzed to identify the most effective strategies.

Results and Discussion: Results show that increasing research and development on pest control is the most effective strategy, followed by enhancing inspection and quarantine procedures. Promoting farmer education and training ranks third, highlighting the importance of local capacity building. Strengthening international trade regulations and fostering collaboration ranked lower, revealing regulatory gaps.

Research Implications: The study provides actionable insights for integrating international law with sustainable pest management, emphasizing capacity-building, resource allocation, and enhanced inspection systems.

Originality/Value: By combining international law with TOPSIS, the research presents a novel framework for addressing invasive pests in Jordan, contributing to biodiversity conservation and global agricultural sustainability.