bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of the in vivo brain ultrashort‐T2* component in healthy volunteers
Authors: Deveshwar Nikhil , Yao Jingwen , Han Misung , Dwork Nicholas , Shen Xin , Ljungberg Emil , Caverzasi Eduardo , Cao Peng , Henry Roland , Green Ari , Larson Peder E. Z. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeRecent work has shown MRI is able to measure and quantify signals of phospholipid membrane‐bound protons associated with myelin in the human brain. This work seeks to develop an improved technique for characterizing this brain ultrashort‐ component in vivo accounting for weighting.MethodsData from ultrashort echo time scans from 16 healthy volunteers with variable flip angles (VFA) were collected and fitted into an advanced regression model to quantify signal fraction, relaxation time, and frequency shift of the ultrashort‐ component.ResultsThe fitted components show intra‐subject differences of different white matter structures and significantly elevated ultrashort‐ signal fraction in the corticospinal tracts measured at 0.09 versus 0.06 in other white matter structures and significantly elevated ultrashort‐ frequency shift in the body of the corpus callosum at 1.5 versus 2.0 ppm in other white matter structures.ConclusionThe significantly different measured components and measured relaxation time of the ultrashort‐ component suggest that this method is picking up novel signals from phospholipid membrane‐bound protons.
Wissen aus dem Labor unterrichtsgerecht aufbereiten
Authors: Wilke Timm , Petersen Malte , Fruntke Antonia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWas Forschende im Labor treiben, ist interessant, aber oft nicht allgemeinverständlich. Ein Transferkonzept, in dem Fachwissenschaft und Fachdidaktik eng kooperieren, macht aktuelle Forschung auch für Schüler:innen erfahr‐ und fassbar.
Von Laboren zu Likes: Experimentieren im Netz
Authors: Leusmann Eliza 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwitter – jetzt X –, Bluesky, Instagram, Mastodon: Einige Hochschullehrende zieht es zu sozialen Netzwerken, von anderen wird erwartet, sich dort zu präsentieren. Welche sozialen Netzwerke sie nutzen, was sie sich davon versprechen und wie der Umgangston ist, verraten die Professor:innen Nina Schützenmeister, Johannes Teichert, Janine George und Daniel Wefers.
Quantifizieren ohne Nachweisgrenze?
Authors: Steinhilber Dieter , Weylandt Karsten‐H. , Schebb Nils Helge 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn der Flüssigkeitschromatographie müssen Substanzen eindeutige Peaks liefern, um zweifelsfrei nachgewiesen werden zu können. Manche Forschende beachten dies nicht. Untaugliche Methoden stellen nun ein ganzes Forschungsfeld infrage.
Mint und mehr
Authors: Karger Gerhard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVertreter und Vertreterinnen von 31 GDCh‐Fachstrukturen, des JCFs und der Bunsen‐Gesellschaft trafen sich im November vergangenen Jahres mit dem GDCh‐Präsidenten und Mitarbeitenden der GDCh‐Geschäftsstelle in Fulda zum Gedankenaustausch und zur Koordinierung der gemeinsamen Arbeit.
Geschichte der Chemie neu denken
Authors: Boeck Gisela , Nimmesgern Hildegard , Wille Eva 
Published: January 2024

Abstract„Wie können wir unsere Zukunft gestalten, wenn wir unsere Geschichte nicht kennen?“ Diesen Satz hörten die Autorinnen im vergangenen Jahr häufig. So wagten sie auf dem GDCh‐Wissenschaftsforum Chemie in Leipzig ein ungewöhnliches Symposium: „Rethinking History of Chemistry“. Auf anregende Chemiegeschichte(n) folgte eine lebhafte, generationen‐ und fachübergreifende Podiumsdiskussion.
Mehr als eine Carbon Copy
Authors: Hering‐Junghans Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractManche Polymere haben ein anorganisches Rückgrat, gleichen aber in ihrer Elektronenkonfiguration oder Geometrie kohlenstoffbasierten Kunststoffen. Aus manchen dieser Hauptgruppenelement‐basierten Materialien lassen sich Block‐Copolymere oder Wirkstoffträger synthetisieren, und einige sind sogar einfacher herzustellen als ihre Kohlenstoff‐Pendants.
Nachruf: Klaus Griesar (1966 – 2023)
Authors: Walther Melanie , Utikal Hannes , Küchenthal Christian , von Heimburg Joachim , Baratte Hervé , Albach Rolf , Küsthardt Ulrich , Stella Kevin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractKlaus Griesar war Vorreiter beim Aufbau des interdisziplinären Themenfelds Chemie und Wirtschaft und verankerte dieses in der GDCh.
Single‐food elimination of cow's milk as a treatment for eosinophilic esophagitis in children aged 2–18 years: A review of the literature
Authors: Grasso Julianna , Radler Diane Rigassio , Zelig Rena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCow's milk elimination (CME) is an established treatment, similar to other forms of diet therapy, for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). However, there is limited research to support its efficacy as a primary treatment. This review evaluated studies published in the past 10 years that assessed the outcomes after CME on histologic remission, clinical findings, and quality of life (QoL) in children aged 2–18 years with EoE. The evidence demonstrated that CME was effective at achieving histologic remission of disease in 50%–65% of children. This intervention also improved clinical symptoms seen on endoscopy and resulted in increased QoL when self‐reported by children. CME can be used as a primary treatment for some children with EoE.
Clinical practice guideline‐inconsistent management of fever and neutropenia in pediatric oncology: A Children's Oncology Group study
Authors: Dupuis L. Lee , Fisher Brian T. , Sugalski A. J. , Grimes Allison Caren , Nuño Michelle , Ramakrishnan S. , Beauchemin M. P. , Robinson Paula D. , Santesso Nancy , Walsh Alexandra , Wrightson A. R. , Yu Lolie , Parsons Susan K. , Sung Lillian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe primary objective was to measure the proportion of episodes where care delivery was inconsistent with selected recommendations of a clinical practice guideline (CPG) on fever and neutropenia (FN) management. The influence of site size on CPG‐inconsistent care delivery, and association between patient outcomes and CPG‐inconsistent care were described.MethodsThis retrospective, multicenter study included patients less than 21 years old with cancer who were at high risk of poor FN outcomes and were previously enrolled to a Children's Oncology Group (COG) study at participating National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) institutions from January 2014 through December 2015. Patients were randomly selected for chart review by participating sites from a COG‐generated list. Care delivered in each episode was adjudicated (CPG‐consistent or CPG‐inconsistent) against each of five selected recommendations.ResultsA total of 107 patients from 22 sites, representing 157 FN episodes, were included. The most common CPG‐inconsistent care delivered was omission of pulmonary computerized tomography in patients with persistent FN (60.3%). Of 74 episodes where assessment of four (episodes without persistent FN) or five (episodes with persistent FN) recommendations was possible, CPG‐inconsistent care was delivered with respect to at least one recommendation in 63 (85%) episodes. Site size was not associated with CPG‐inconsistent care delivery. No statistically significant association between CPG‐inconsistent care and fever recurrence was observed.ConclusionsIn this cohort of pediatric patients at high risk of poor FN outcomes, CPG‐inconsistent care was common. Opportunities to optimize resource stewardship by boosting supportive care CPG implementation are highlighted.
Percutaneous biopsy for the diagnosis, risk stratification, and molecular profiling of neuroblastoma: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Schoeman Sean , Bagatell Rochelle , Cahill Anne Marie , Maris John , Mattei Peter , Mosse Yael , Pogoriler Jennifer , Srinivasan Abhay , Acord Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether percutaneous core needle biopsy (PCNB) is adequate for the diagnosis and full molecular characterization of newly diagnosed neuroblastoma.Materials and methodsPatients with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma who underwent PCNB in interventional radiology at a single center over a 5‐year period were included. Pre‐procedure imaging and procedure details were reviewed. Rates of diagnostic success and sufficiency for International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (INPC), risk stratification, and evaluation of genomic markers utilized in the Children's Oncology Group risk stratification, and status of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene were assessed.ResultsThirty‐five patients (13 females, median age 2.4 years [interquartile range, IQR: 0.9–4.4] and median weight 12.4 kg [IQR: 9.6–18]) were included. Most had International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Stage M disease (n = 22, 63%). Median longest axis of tumor target was 8.8 cm [IQR: 6.1–12]. A 16‐gauge biopsy instrument was most often used (n = 20, 57%), with a median of 20 cores [IQR: 13–23] obtained. Twenty‐five specimens were assessed for adequacy, and 14 procedures utilized contrast‐enhanced ultrasound guidance. There were two post‐procedure bleeds (5.7%). Thirty‐four of 35 procedures (97%) were sufficient for histopathologic diagnosis and risk stratification, 94% (n = 32) were sufficient for INPC, and 85% (n = 29) were sufficient for complete molecular characterization, including ALK testing. Biologic information was otherwise obtained from bone marrow (4/34, 12%) or surgery (1/34, 2.9%). The number of cores did not differ between patients with sufficient versus insufficient biopsies.ConclusionIn this study, obtaining multiple cores with PCNB resulted in a high rate of diagnosis and successful molecular profiling for neuroblastoma.
A Tandem Aldol Condensation/Diels‐Alder Sequence of Reactions for One‐Pot Synthesis of a New Series of Polysubstituted‐Decalines
Authors: Saeed Abaee M. , Alizadeh Sahar , Azadi Paria , Mojtahedi Mohammad M. , Halvagar Mohammad R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA tandem aldol condensation/Diels‐Alder sequence of reactions was designed leading to the synthesis of a new series of derivatives of polysubstituted‐decalines. Both steps of the process took place in the same pot and in the presence of H2O/PEG as the medium and diethylamine as the catalyst of the process. The required dienes were formed in situ and reacted with the dienophile (acrylonitrile) to produce high yields of the final decaline derivatives. Mechanistic studies suggested that the process goes through an initial aldol condensation reaction followed by a [4+2] cycloaddition step and then an olefinic bond rearrangement to give the final adducts. To support the proposed mechanism, the intermediate dienes were synthesized separately as well and their stepwise reactions with the dienophile led to the same products. Ten derivatives of the target structure were prepared and then characterized by various spectroscopic methods and X‐ray crystallography analysis. The procedure was also developed to engage some other dienophiles successfully.
Achieving Long‐Lived Charge Separated State through Ultrafast Interfacial Hole Transfer in Redox Sites‐Isolated CdS Nanorods for Enhanced Photocatalysis
Authors: Jiang Daochuan , Li Zhongfei , Li Hao , Cheng Yingpeng , Du Haiwei , Zhu Chuhong , Meng Lingchen , Fang Yuetong , Zhao Chunyi , Lou Zaizhu , Lu Zhou , Yuan Yupeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs opposed to natural photosynthesis, a significant challenge in a semiconductor‐based photocatalyst is the limited hole extraction efficiency, which adversely affects solar‐to‐fuel efficiency. Recent studies have demonstrated that photocatalysts featuring spatially isolated dual catalytic oxidation/reduction sites can yield enhanced hole extraction efficiencies. However, the decay dynamics of excited states in such photocatalysts have not been explored. Here a ternary barbell‐shaped CdS/MoS2/Cu2S heterostructure is prepared, comprising CdS nanorods (NRs) interfaced with MoS2 nanosheets at both ends and Cu2S nanoparticles on the sidewall. By using transient absorption (TA) spectra, highly efficient charge separation within the CdS/MoS2/Cu2S heterostructure are identified. This is achieved through directed electron transfer to the MoS2 tips at a rate constant of >8.3 × 109 s−1 and rapid hole transfer to the Cu2S nanoparticles on the sidewall at a rate of >6.1 × 1010 s−1, leading to an exceptional overall charge transfer constant of 2.3 × 1011 s−1 in CdS/MoS2/Cu2S. The enhanced hole transfer efficiency results in a remarkably prolonged charge‐separated state, facilitating efficient electron accumulation within the MoS2 tips. Consequently, the ternary CdS/MoS2/Cu2S heterostructure demonstrates a 22‐fold enhancement in visible‐light‐driven H2 generation compare to pure CdS nanorods. This work highlights the significance of efficient hole extraction in enhancing the solar‐to‐H2 performance of semiconductor‐based heterostructure.
A Versatile Strategy for the Generation of Air‐stable Radical‐functionalized Materials
Authors: Zhang Su‐Yun , Yang Xiao‐Dong , Zhang Ya‐Jun , Zhou Jun‐Hao , Liu Si‐Hua , Sun Jian‐Ke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe exploration of a facile approach to create structurally versatile substances carrying air‐stable radicals is highly desired, but still a huge challenge in chemistry and materials science. Herein, a non‐contact method to generate air‐stable radicals by exposing pyridine/imidazole ring‐bearing substances to volatile cyanuric chloride vapor, harnessed as a chemical fuel is reported. This remarkable feat is accomplished through a nucleophilic substitution reaction, wherein an intrinsic electron transfer event transpires spontaneously, originating from the chloride anion (Cl−) to the cationic nitrogen (N+) atom, ultimately giving rise to pyridinium/imidazolium radicals. Impressively, the generated radicals exhibit noteworthy stability in the air over one month owing to the delocalization of the unpaired electron through the extended and highly fused π‐conjugated pyridinium/imidazolium‐triazine unit. Such an approach is universal to diverse substances, including organic molecules, metal–organic complexes, hydrogels, polymers, and organic cage materials. Capitalizing on this versatile technique, surface radical functionalization can be readily achieved across diverse substrates. Moreover, the generated radical species showcase a myriad of high‐performance applications, including mimicking natural peroxidase to accelerate oxidation reactions and achieving high‐efficiency near‐infrared photothermal conversion and photothermal bacterial inhibition.
Model‐based user experience‐focused roadmapping
Authors: Yuskevich Ilya , Hein Andreas Makoto , Doufene Abdelkrim , Jankovic Marija 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTechnology roadmapping is an important yet challenging strategic process involving inter‐disciplinary knowledge and requiring key decision‐makers participation. To improve and facilitate this activity, a concept of model‐based technology roadmapping has been proposed in the literature as an application of model‐based systems engineering practices to the strategic planning domain. At the same time, many modern complex technical systems are required to be not only functional, efficient, and reliable, but also useful, usable, and desirable, which shifts the focus of planning to the user experience (UX). In this paper, we developed a Domain‐specific language that uniformly represents key concepts related to the four levels essential for strategic planning in the user‐oriented business context: market, UX design, engineering design, and technology. A collaborative interactive software was developed to support the proposed methodology. As a case study, a sustainable transformation of the automotive sector was tested and implemented in the software.
Tumor markers for lipid metabolism‐related genes: Based on small cell lung cancer and bronchial asthma dual analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaobin , Gao Yang , Wang Haiqiang , Gong Xiaokang , Bao Peilong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNumerous studies have elucidated the intricate relationship between bronchial asthma and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), as well as the role lipid metabolism genes play in transitioning from bronchial asthma to SCLC. Despite this, the predictive power of single gene biomarkers remains insufficient and necessitates the development of more accurate prognostic models. In our study, we downloaded and preprocessed scRNA‐seq of SCLC from the GEO database GSE164404 and severe asthma scRNA‐seq from GSE145013 using the Seurat package. Using the MSigDB database and geneCard database, we selected lipid metabolism‐related genes and performed scRNA‐seq data analysis from the gene expression GEO database, aiming to uncover potential links between immune signaling pathways in bronchial asthma and SCLC. Our investigations yielded differentially expressed genes based on the scRNA‐seq dataset related to lipid metabolism. We executed differential gene analysis, gene ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. In‐depth GSEA pathway activation analysis, crucial target gene predictions via protein–protein interactions, and key cluster gene evaluations for differential and diagnostic ROC values correlation analysis confirmed that key cluster genes are significant predictors for the progression of bronchial asthma to SCLC. To validate our findings, we performed wet laboratory experiments using real‐time quantitative PCR to assess the expression of these relevant genes in SCLC cell lines. In conclusion, this research proposes a novel lipid metabolism‐related gene marker that can offer comprehensive insights into the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma leading to SCLC. Although this study does not directly focus on senescence‐associated molecular alterations, our findings in the lipid metabolism genes associated with inflammation and cancer progression offer valuable insights for further research targeting senescence‐related changes in treating inflammatory diseases.
METTL3‐mediated m6A modification of EPPK1 to promote the development of esophageal cancer through regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Jia Jun , Yu Longhai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMethyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) has been proved to be involved in the progression of various cancers. In this study, we explored the role of METTL3 and its underlying mechanism in esophageal cancer progression. The mRNA and protein levels of METTL3 and epiplakin1 (EPPK1) were determined using qRT‐PCR and western blot. The proliferative ability was evaluated through 3‐(4,5)‐dimethylthiahiazo (‐z‐y1)‐3,5‐di‐ phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT), colony formation, and EdU assays. Transwell invasion assay and wound‐healing assay were employed for detecting cell invasion and migration, respectively. Cell stemness was evaluated by sphere‐formation assay. Xenograft tumor experiments and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to explore the effects of METTL3 knockdown on tumor growth in vivo. The N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification of EPPK1 was analyzed using MeRIP. RNA‐protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual‐luciferase reporter assays were used to verify the relationship between EPPK1 and METTL3. METTL3 was upregulated in esophageal cancer tissues and cells, which was related to the poor prognosis of esophageal cancer patients. Knockdown of METTL3 overtly decreased the proliferative, invasive, migrated abilities, and cell stemness of esophageal cancer cells in vitro. Moreover, depletion of METTL3 also observably suppressed the growth of tumor in vivo. EPPK1 was a direct target of METTL3, and METTL3 could mediate the m6A modification of EPPK1. EPPK1 was downregulated in esophageal cancer tissues and cells, and EPPK1 depletion markedly repressed cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and stemness of esophageal cancer cells. The inhibition effects of METTL3 deficiency on these malignant behaviors were harbored by EPPK1 upregulation in esophageal cancer cells. In addition, METTL3 deficiency reduced EPPK1 expression to inactivate the PI3K/AKT pathway. Our results revealed that METTL3 deficiency regulated the m6A modification of EPPK1 to inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby restraining the progression of esophageal cancer.
Neurological examination of clinically healthy pigeons (Columba livia domestica), mute swans (Cygnus olor), common buzzards (Buteo buteo), common kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) and northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis)
Authors: Feyer Sina , Loderstedt Shenja , Halter‐Gölkel Lesley , Merle Roswitha , Zein Stephanie , Müller Kerstin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundA neurological examination is essential for determining the localisation of neurological lesions. However, in avian species, quantitative data regarding the practicability and feasibility of neurological tests are very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish normative data for the neurological examination of clinically healthy birds of different species.MethodsForty‐two domestic and feral pigeons (Columba livia domestica), 42 mute swans (Cygnus olor), 12 common buzzards (Buteo buteo), 24 common kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) and six northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) were examined. All birds underwent a predefined neurological examination. Interobserver variations between three examiners were investigated in 11 pigeons and 11 mute swans.ResultsAll postural reaction tests, except for the drop and flap reaction in mute swans, provoked a consistent response in pigeons and mute swans, whereas postural reaction tests of the legs in raptors were often not performable. Cranial nerve tests and most of the spinal reflexes revealed variable responses in all birds. The gastrocnemius reflex was not provokable in any bird. Interobserver agreement was almost perfect (Gwet's AC1 coefficient ≥0.81) for 16 of 21 parameters in the examination in pigeons and for 14 of 21 in mute swans.LimitationsThe inclusion of free‐ranging birds, which were not used to handling and for which limited information regarding age, history of previous diseases, etc. was available, may have influenced the results.ConclusionThe normative neurological examination data provided in this study will help improve clinicians' interpretation of neurological examination results in the respective bird species.
Effect of dietary supplementation with chitooligosaccharides on wound healing in dogs
Authors: Cheng Guoqiang , Zeng Yu , Wang Yongjin , Xia Jieying , Lei Xindong , Chen Dong , Tang Huaqiao , Zhang Li , Liu Yanglu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWound healing has long been a subject of great interest for pathologists. Previous research has established the effectiveness of topical application of chitooligosaccharides (COSs) on wound healing. However, studies on their potential usefulness as food additives to improve wound healing are lacking.ObjectiveHere, we investigated whether dietary supplementation with COSs could promote wound healing using Beagle dogs as an animal model.MethodsNine dogs were evenly assigned randomly into control, 0.5% COSs and 1% COSs groups. Control dogs were fed with a non‐supplemented dietary formula (vehicle). Dogs in 0.5% COSs and 1% COSs groups were fed with a dietary formula supplemented with 0.5% and 1% COSs. After 8 weeks of feeding, dogs in each group underwent surgery with three matching full‐thickness 2 × 2‐cm skin defects were created with a scalpel on the left side of the dorsal midline, 2 cm apart from each other. Wounds were photographed and the healing percentage was determined on day 0, 2, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14, 16, 18 and 21. The healing process was assessed by daily gross examination, histologic examination and Masson's trichrome staining on days 7, 14 and 21. Considering the important role of the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β1) signalling pathway in wound healing, immunostaining was used to evaluate TGF‐β1 expression.ResultsThe results showed that wound healing was accelerated; collagen synthesis and TGF‐β1 expression were enhanced in response to dietary supplementation with COSs.ConclusionsThis study makes an original contribution to the understanding of wound healing in dogs and other animals and supports the use of COSs as a supplement to be added to animal diets.