bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accumulation of copper and lead in ruminants grazing on a contaminated shooting range in Nordland County, Norway
Authors: Johnsen Ida Vaa , Aaneby Jorunn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractShooting ranges contain copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) contamination, which can be a risk for grazing ruminants. This study examines the accumulation of lead and copper in blood of lambs and calves, as well as in the liver of lambs. It compares these results with those of a previous study, which calculated the ingested dose of copper and lead based on soil ingestion and concentration in soil and plants. Blood samples were collected both before and after the grazing period that lasted from late May to mid-September. Liver samples were obtained during the slaughter of the lambs in the fall. Out of 61 liver samples, only one (3.7 mg Pb/kg dw) exceeding the presumed normal level in lamb liver of 3 mg/kg (dw). Copper concentrations exceeding the normal (300 mg/kg dw) concentration was found in 14 of the liver samples (341–1877 mg Cu/kg dw). Among these, two liver samples (1069 and 1877 mg Cu/kg dw) exceeded the level at which sheep are poisoned (1000 mg/kg dw). There was no statistically significant difference in the copper and lead concentration in liver of lambs that did and did not have the shooting range as part of their pasture. The average concentration of copper (lamb: 1.1 ± 0.37 µg Cu/g, calves: 0.6 ± 0.16 µg Cu/g) and lead (lamb: 0.010 ± 0.008 µg Pb/g calves: 0.01 ± 0.014 µg Pb/g) in the blood samples collected from the lambs and calves did not exceed the upper limit of what is considered normal (sheep: 1.35 mg Cu/kg and 0.3 mg Pb/kg, cattle: 1.7 mg Cu/kg and 0.35 mg Pb/kg). Copper concentration in the blood was notably higher in samples collected from the sheep before (1.3 ± 0.35 µg Cu/g) compared to after (0.8 ± 0.22 µg Cu/g) the grazing period. No statistically significant difference was found in lead and copper concentrations in the blood of lambs and calves grazing inside (lamb: 0.7 ± 0.21 µg Cu/g and 0.01 ± 0.008 µg Pb/g, calves: 0.6 ± 0.16 µg Cu/g and 0.02 ± 0.020 µg Pb/g) and outside (lamb: 0.9 ± 0.21 µg Cu/g and 0.13 ± 0.008 µg Pb/g, calves: 0.6 ± 0.17 µg Cu/g and 0.009 µg Pb/g) the shooting range. Grazing on areas contaminated by shooting activity did not appear to have any major implications for the accumulation of copper and lead in blood of cattle and sheep, as well as in the liver of sheep. The findings from this study indicate that employing site specific risk assessments for ruminants incorporating soil ingestion represents a viable approach.
Foreign investments and load capacity factor in BRICS: the moderating role of environmental policy stringency
Authors: Yıldırım Metin , Destek Mehmet Akif , Manga Müge 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis research examines whether environmental regulations have a moderating effect on the link between foreign direct investment and the environment, as well as the effect of foreign capital investments on environmental quality for BRICS nations. In this approach, using second-generation panel data methodologies for the period 1992–2020, the impacts of foreign direct investments, real national income, consumption of renewable energy, and environmental stringency index on the load capacity factor are explored in the base empirical model. In order to test if there is any evidence of a potential parabolic link between economic growth and environmental quality, the model also includes the square of real national income. In addition, in the robustness model, the moderating role of environmental policy on foreign investment and environmental quality is checked. Empirical results show a U-shaped association between environmental quality and economic development. The usage of renewable energy and the environmental stringency index is also shown to improve environmental quality, although foreign direct investments decrease it. Finally, it is determined that environmental regulations are effective in undoing the negative impacts of foreign capital investments on environmental quality, demonstrating the validity of their moderating function.
Assessment of hydrological, geological, and biological parameters of a river basin impacted by old Hg mining in NW Spain
Authors: Escudero Lucía , Ojanguren Alfredo F. , Álvarez Rodrigo , García Carmen , Pañeda Jose , Alberquilla Fernando , Ordóñez Almudena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that can cause adverse effects for the health of ecosystems. The Caudal River is one of the main rivers in the Asturias region (NW Spain), whose basin is highly anthropized, hosting several Hg mines, closed in the last century. Arsenic (As) is also found in the mineral paragenesis of the Hg deposits, posing a greater environmental risk. In the mining sites, remaining old facilities and tailings continue to release these elements into the environment. In this work, samples of fluvial sediments and water were taken, both in areas affected by anthropic activity and in pristine areas, in order to establish the background levels for the critical elements. The mineralogical study of the sediments, combined with EDS microanalysis, is useful to identify mineralogical traps such as Fe oxides or clays to retain the As. The As content in all sampled sediments is above the threshold effect levels (TEL), the possible effect range within which adverse effects occasionally occur, according to the Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life. This fact is related to a naturally high geochemical background in the basin, due to the existing mineral deposits. The PEL threshold (the probable effect range within which adverse effects frequently occur) is exceeded by more than an order of magnitude in the sediments downstream of the Hg mines. In these points, the As content in the water, exceeding 700 μg L−1 As, is also above the quality standard established in Spanish legislation. As a result, the Caudal River tributaries in the lower part of the basin do not reach a good ecological state, according to the Hydrological Planning Office, and in some cases their state is deficient, showing low richness and high dominance of macroinvertebrates. Although the concentrations decrease with distance from the source, these findings justify the low ecological quality of the affected watercourses.
Application of electrocoagulation process for the disposal of COD, NH3-N and turbidity from the intermediate sanitary landfill leachate
Authors: Ogedey Aysenur , Oguz Ensar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aims to determine the COD, NH3-N and turbidity disposal efficiencies from leachate in the Bingöl landfill and highlight the electrocoagulation (EC) process’s performance in removing these pollutants. After establishing that landfill leachate was intermediate aged, its characteristics were identified using physical, chemical and elemental analyses. Six parallel-connected electrode plates with stainless steel as the cathode and aluminium as the anode were used to construct an electrocoagulation cell. After a 40-min treatment interval, the optimal disposal efficiencies for COD and turbidity from the leachate were determined to be 87% and 62%, respectively, at pH 5. Following a 40-min reaction, BOD5 concentration and BOD5/COD ratio were determined to be 85.75 mg O2/L and 0.64, respectively, at pH 5. At a NaCl concentration of 10 mM, the optimum disposal efficiency for NH3-N was determined to be 33%. The reaction kinetics matched pseudo-first-order (PFO) kinetics due to high correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.93–0.99) in removing COD, NH3-N and turbidity under different experimental conditions. The optimal reaction rate constants were determined as 2.93 × 10−2 min−1, 1.92 × 10−2 min−1 and 7.3 × 10−3 min−1 for the disposal of COD, NH3-N and turbidity, respectively. Energy consumption, unit energy consumption and total consumption cost rose in the EC process when the current density was augmented from 15 to 25 mA/cm2.
The Dilemma of Authority
Authors: Fives Allyn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhat I refer to here as the dilemma of authority arises when one ought to defer to authority; one ought to act as the more weighty reason demands; one can do either; one cannot do both. For those who reject the possibility of legitimate authority, the dilemma does not arise. Among those who accept legitimate authority, some, including Joseph Raz, presume the conflict can be resolved without remainder. In this paper, I argue that, in a moral conflict of this kind, when one of the reasons for action is defeated but not cancelled, it is rational to feel regret for failing to do what one ought to do.
A short-interval longitudinal study of associations between psychological distress and hippocampal grey matter in early adolescence
Authors: Boyes Amanda , Levenstein Jacob M. , McLoughlin Larisa T. , Driver Christina , Mills Lia , Lagopoulos Jim , Hermens Daniel F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study of Australian adolescents (N = 88, 12-13-years-old) investigated the relationship between hippocampal grey matter volume (GMV) and self-reported psychological distress (K10) at four timepoints, across 12 months. Participants were divided into two groups; those who had K10 scores between 10 and 15 for all four timepoints were categorised as “low distress” (i.e., control group; n = 38), while participants who had K10 scores of 16 or higher at least once over the year were categorised as “moderate-high distress” (n = 50). Associations were tested by GEE fitting of GMV and K10 measures at the same time point, and in the preceding and subsequent timepoints. Analyses revealed smaller preceding left GMV and larger preceding right GMV were associated with higher subsequent K10 scores in the “moderate-high distress” group. This was not observed in the control group. In contrast, the control group showed significant co-occurring associations (i.e., at the same TP) between GMV and K10 scores. The “moderate-high distress” group experienced greater variability in distress. These results suggest that GMV development in early adolescence is differently associated with psychological distress for those who experience “moderate-high distress” at some point over the year, compared to controls. These findings offer a novel way to utilise short-interval, multiple time-point longitudinal data to explore changes in volume and experience of psychological distress in early adolescents. The results suggest hippocampal volume in early adolescence may be linked to fluctuations in psychological distress.
Ecomorphology of the Locomotor Apparatus in the Genus Cyrtodactylus (Gekkota, Squamata)
Authors: Riedel Jendrian , Grismer L. Lee , Higham Timothy , Wu Joseph , Do Quyen Hanh , Nguyen Truong Quang , Meneses Camila G. , Brown Rafe M. , Campbell Patrick D. , Ziegler Thomas , Russell Anthony P. , Rödder Dennis 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdaptive radiations garner considerable interest from evolutionary biologists. Lizard radiations diversifying along structural niche space often exhibit distinct changes in body and limb proportions. One prediction is that terrestrial species inhabiting open habitats will have relatively longer hindlimbs, associated with faster running speeds, while scansorial species will have relatively shorter limbs to keep the centre of mass closer to the substratum. Alternatively, terrestrial species in densely vegetated habitats could benefit from relatively shorter limbs to prevent entanglement with more frequently encountered obstacles, whereas scansorial species could benefit from longer limbs promoting greater limb spans and static stability. Cyrtodactylus, an ecologically diverse gekkonid genus, includes numerous specialists with narrow structural niches, but the degree of morphological diversification exhibited by these specialists is largely unknown. We investigated associations between locomotor morphology and structural microhabitat use in Cyrtodactylus to test if either of the opposing predictions can be corroborated for this radiation. We measured body length and relative limb dimensions of 87 species, covering multiple independent transitions among structural microhabitat preferences. Using these data, we reconstructed the phylomorphospace and tested for associations between structural microhabitat niche and limb morphology. We found strong separation between structural niche groups in accordance with the second hypothesis, although overlap is evident among functionally related niches such as those of granite and karst specialists.
Robotic-assisted surgery for gynecological indications in children and adolescents: European multicenter report
Authors: Esposito Ciro , Blanc Thomas , Di Mento Claudia , Ballouhey Quentin , Fourcade Laurent , Mendoza-Sagaon Mario , Chiodi Annalisa , Cardone Roberto , Escolino Maria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRobotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is increasingly adopted in the pediatric population. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to report application of RAS for gynecological indications in pediatric patients. The medical records of all girls with gynecological pathology, operated in 4 different institutions over a 3-year period, were retrospectively collected. Robot docking time, total operative time, length of stay (LOS), requirement time of pain medication, complication rate, conversion rate, and pathology were analyzed. Twenty-three girls, with median age of 12.3 years (range 0.6–17.8) and median weight of 47.2 kg (range 9–73), received the following RAS procedures: ovarian cystectomy for ovarian cyst/mass (n = 10), salpingo-oophorectomy for ovarian complex mass (n = 6), bilateral gonadectomy for Turner syndrome SRY + (n = 1), salpingectomy for fallopian tube lesion (n = 1), paratubal cyst excision (n = 1), Gartner cyst excision (n = 1), paravaginal ganglioneuroma resection (n = 1), fistula closure in urogenital sinus (n = 1), and vaginoplasty using ileal flap in cloaca malformation (n = 1). Median operative time was 144.9 min (range 64–360), and median docking time was 17.3 min (range 7–50). Conversion to open or laparoscopy was not necessary in any case. Median LOS was 2.1 days (range 1–7), and median analgesic requirement was 2.2 days (range 1–6). One patient (4.3%) needed redo-surgery for recurrent Gartner cyst (Clavien 3b). This preliminary experience showed that RAS is safe and feasible for surgical treatment of gynecological pathology in pediatric patients, although no conclusive data are available to confirm its superiority over traditional laparoscopy. Randomized, prospective, comparative studies are needed to identify the gold standard approach for such indication.
Belonging to the Ace Spectrum: Correlates of Cognitions, Feelings, and Desires of Ace Individuals
Authors: Carvalho A. Catarina , Rodrigues David L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Asexuality is typically defined as a lack of sexual attraction, and yet this definition fails to include the multitude of experiences within the ace community. We explored the correlates of different cognitions, feelings, and desires reported by ace individuals.

Methods
Data for a cross-sectional study with 456 individuals from online ace communities (61.8% women; Mage = 24.62, SD = 6.98) were collected in 2019.

Results
Higher scores on the Asexuality Identification Scale (AIS) were associated with fewer experiences with romantic partners, more experiences with intimate affective relationships, and higher avoidant attachment. In contrast, sexual and romantic attractions were associated with more experiences with romantic partners. However, sexual attraction was associated with fewer experiences with non-sexual romantic relationships and lower AIS scores, whereas romantic attraction was associated with lower avoidant attachment and higher anxious attachment. The desire to have physically intimate romantic relationships was associated with more experiences with romantic partners, lower avoidant attachment, higher anxious attachment, and lower AIS scores. Lastly, the desire to have intimate affective relationships was associated with more experiences with solely affective relationships and higher anxiety attachment.

Conclusions
These findings show the importance of past experiences and individual differences in shaping the way ace individuals construe their identity, and experience feelings and desires.

Policy Implications
By highlighting the need to acknowledge diversity within the ace community, this study offers insights into how to increase awareness and develop more inclusive social policies.
In situ measurement of hydrogen concentration in steel using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)
Authors: Quackatz L. , Griesche A. , Nietzke J. , Kannengiesser T. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe ISO 3690 standard “Determination of hydrogen content in arc weld metal” requires a thermal activation of the diffusible hydrogen in a piece of weld metal for the subsequent ex situ concentration measurement by carrier gas hot extraction CGHE or thermal desorption spectroscopy (TCD). Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) offers a time and spatially resolved, almost non-destructive, in situ measurement of hydrogen at surfaces without sample preparation. We measured hydrogen in steels, which were charged either electrochemically or by high-pressure hydrogen gas, and compared the results. Further, the feasibility of quantitative hydrogen line scan measurements with LIBS was demonstrated by measuring hydrogen at water jet cut surfaces. The hydrogen concentrations measured with the help of LIBS were compared with CGHE measurements. It was observed that hydrogen can be reliably measured with LIBS for concentrations larger than 2 wt.-ppm. The maximum hydrogen concentration achieved using electrochemical charging was 85.1 ppm. The results show that LIBS is a promising technique for time- and spatially resolved measurements of hydrogen in steels.
Augmenting business statistics information by combining traditional data with textual data: a composite indicator approach
Authors: Salvatore Camilla , Biffignandi Silvia , Bianchi Annamaria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCombining traditional and digital trace data is an emerging trend in statistics. In this respect, new data sources represent the basis for multi-purpose extraction of different statistical indicators, which contribute to augmenting the statistical information, for feeding smart statistics. The production of business statistics can benefit from the use of unstructured data, especially to study novel aspects which are not covered by traditional data sources. This paper proposes a methodological general framework for augmenting information by combining data, both structured and non structured. The statistical challenges of using unstructured data and their integration with traditional data are discussed. The methodological general framework is applied to the construction of smart composite indicators using social media data and their metadata. An empirical exercise illustrates how to apply the methodology in practice.
The primacy of ocular perception: a narrative review on the role of gender identity in eating disorders
Authors: Tarchi Livio , Stanghellini Giovanni , Ricca Valdo , Castellini Giovanni 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Phenomenological research has enriched the scientific and clinical understanding of Eating Disorders (ED), describing the significant role played by disorders of embodiment in shaping the lived experience of patients with ED. According to the phenomenological perspective, disorders of embodiment in ED are associated with feelings of alienation from one’s own body, determining an excessive concern for external appearance as a form of dysfunctional coping. The purpose of the present narrative review is to address the role of gender identity as a risk factor for EDs in the light of phenomenological approaches.

Methods
Narrative review.

Results
The current study discusses the interplay between perception, gender identity, and embodiment, all posited to influence eating psychopathology. Internalized concerns for body appearance are described as potentially associated with self-objectification. Furthermore, concerns on body appearance are discussed in relation to gendered social expectations. The current review also explores how societal norms and gender stereotypes can contribute to dysfunctional self-identification with external appearances, particularly through an excessive focus on the optical dimension. The socio-cultural perspective on gender identity was considered as a further explanation of the lived experience of individuals with ED.

Conclusions
By acknowledging the interplay between these factors, clinicians and researchers can gain a deeper understanding of these disorders and develop more effective interventions for affected individuals.

Level of evidence
Level V narrative review.
Association between type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms after a 1-year follow-up in an older adult Mediterranean population
Authors: Baenas I. , Camacho-Barcia L. , Granero R. , Razquin C. , Corella D. , Gómez-Martínez C. , Castañer-Niño O. , Martínez J. A. , Alonso-Gómez Á. M. , Wärnberg J. , Vioque J. , Romaguera D. , López-Miranda J. , Estruch R. , Tinahones F. J. , Lapetra J. , Serra-Majem J. L. , Cano-Ibáñez N. , Tur J. A. , Martín-Sánchez V. , Pintó X. , Gaforio J. J. , Matía-Martín P. , Vidal J. , Vázquez C. , Daimiel L. , Ros E. , Jiménez-Murcia S. , Dalsgaard S. , Garcia-Arellano A. , Babio N. , Sorli J. V. , Lassale C. , García-de-la-Hera M. , Gómez-García E. , Zulet M. A. , Konieczna J. , Martín-Peláez S. , Tojal-Sierra L. , Basterra-Gortari F. J. , de las Heras-Delgado S. , Portoles O. , Muñoz-Pérez M. Á. , Arenas-Larriva A. P. , Compañ-Gabucio L. , Eguaras S. , Shyam S. , Fitó M. , Baños R. M. , Salas-Salvadó J. , Fernández-Aranda F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To examine the cross-sectional association between baseline depressive symptoms and the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and its association with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and other metabolic variables, and the prospective association of depressive symptoms and HbA1c after 1 year of follow-up.

Methods
n = 6224 Mediterranean older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (48% females, mean age 64.9 ± 4.9 years) were evaluated in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and HbA1c was used to measure metabolic control.

Results
The presence of T2D increased the likelihood of higher levels of depressive symptoms (χ2 = 15.84, p = 0.001). Polynomial contrast revealed a positive linear relationship (χ2 = 13.49, p = 0.001), the higher the depressive symptoms levels, the higher the prevalence of T2D. Longitudinal analyses showed that the higher baseline depressive symptoms levels, the higher the likelihood of being within the HbA1c ≥ 7% at 1-year level (Wald-χ2 = 24.06, df = 3, p < .001, for the full adjusted model). Additionally, depressive levels at baseline and duration of T2D predicted higher HbA1c and body mass index, and lower physical activity and adherence to Mediterranean Diet at 1 year of follow-up.

Conclusions
This study supports an association between T2D and the severity of depressive symptoms, suggesting a worse metabolic control from mild severity levels in the short–medium term, influenced by lifestyle habits related to diabetes care. Screening for depressive symptoms and a multidisciplinary integrative therapeutic approach should be ensured in patients with T2D.