bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Endometrial Pathology Detection: Chromohysteroscopy vs. Conventional Hysteroscopy in Infertility Evaluation
Authors: jha sangam , . shalini , . JAFEESHA 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Endometrial pathology is a recognized contributor to infertility and recurrent implantation failure, but its detection during hysteroscopy, particularly in the absence of visible lesions, is challenging. Chromohysteroscopy, involving the use of methylene blue dye, has shown promise in improving diagnostic accuracy.
Methods
This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of chromohysteroscopy and conventional hysteroscopy, using histopathology as the gold standard. A total of 100 consenting infertility patients were included, and methylene blue dye was instilled during hysteroscopy to enhance the detection of subtle endometrial pathologies.
Results
Among the 100 women who underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy, 76 exhibited normal findings, while 24 had abnormal findings. During chromohysteroscopy, 62 cases displayed a light staining pattern, and 38 cases exhibited dark staining. Histopathological analysis of biopsy tissue from the dark-stained areas revealed endometrial pathology in 84.2% (32/38) and normal endometrium in 15.8% (6/38) cases. In contrast, biopsies from the light-stained areas indicated abnormal endometrium in only 3.23% (2/62) cases, with the remaining 96.77% having a normal histology. Chromohysteroscopy demonstrated a significantly higher diagnostic accuracy (92%) for endometrial pathology compared to conventional hysteroscopy (58%). Notably, chromohysteroscopy's sensitivity was 94.12%, and its specificity was 90.9%. The staining patterns observed during chromohysteroscopy correlated well with histological findings, highlighting its effectiveness in identifying structurally damaged endometrium.
Conclusion
Chromohysteroscopy emerges as a valuable diagnostic tool for assessing endometrial pathology, especially in infertility cases. This technique offers superior accuracy compared to conventional hysteroscopy, providing clinicians with a more precise means of diagnosis and potential targeted treatments
Documenting the first Record of Black fungus Gnat Lycoriella castanescens Lengersdorf (Diptera: Sciaridae) from Cultivated Mushrooms of Kashmir: An Illustrated Exploration
Authors: Sherwani Asma , Mukhtar Malik , Maqsood Saima , Mushtaq Tahmina , Anees Mehreen , Sufi Tariq Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The morphology, morphometry and biology of Lycoriella castanescens Lengersdorf (Diptera: Sciaridae) was studied at Mushroom Research and Training Centre, Faculty of Horticulture, SKUAST-K Shalimar during 2021-22 on mushrooms under temperate conditions of Kashmir. This pest was recorded from June to August. Head capsule width ranged between 0.051-0. 24 mm and increase about 4.70 times was the most reliable feature in identifying instars. The abdominal width of pupae, male and female was 0.87-0.90, 0.35-0.41 and 0.65-0.74 mm respectively. Their widths increased 1.03, 1.17 and 1.15 times. The average development time of egg, different larval instars and pupae in a biological oxygen demand (B.O.D) incubator held at 25± 10C was 2.43-2.92, different larval instars 0.399-7.52 and pupae 2.01-3.33 days respectively. The longevity of adult males and females ranged between 3.11-3.87 and 2.76-3.66 days respectively. The predatory mite, Hypoaspis aculeifer Canestrini (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) was found in association with the immatures of sciarid fly.
Theoretical modeling and transmission characteristics analysis of a novel double-roller hourglass worm drive based on enveloping principle
Authors: Gao Song , Wang Xiaolin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Traditional planar double-enveloping hourglass worm pairs have the characteristics such as the strong bearing capacity, high transmission efficiency and long life-span. However, the high relative sliding velocity and the serious agglutination or abrasion may also occur at the contact point on tooth surfaces. In this paper, a novel type of double-roller hourglass worm pair is proposed and analyzed, wherein, the worm part adopts from the planar double-enveloping worm pair, the corresponding meshing tooth surface of worm gear is replaced by two rows of cylinder rollers for reducing friction and enhancing meshing efficiency. That is, the original meshing tooth surfaces in worm gear are replaced by the common tangent plane of rollers to form a special type of meshing drive, the original line-contact form between tooth surfaces was changed to point-contact so that the sliding friction was transformed into rolling friction, and the meshing efficiency can be greatly improved. The theoretical model of double-roller hourglass worm pair was established based on spatial enveloping principle, the meshing equation and tooth surface equations were derived. The solid models of worm and gear were established and assembled. The parameters of enveloping surface angle, roller radius and friction coefficient, which affecting relative motion velocity at meshing contact point and efficiency during the whole transmission process was analyzed and discussed systematically. The results showed that comparing to the traditional worm pair, the roller’s rotation greatly reduced the relative sliding velocity and improved meshing efficiency at the contact point in this double-roller hourglass worm pair.
Major Mistakes or Errors in the use of Trial Sequential Analysis in Systematic Reviews or Meta-analyses – the METSA Systematic Review
Authors: Riberholt Christian Gunge , Olsen Markus Harboe , Milan Joachim Birch , Hafliðadóttir Sigurlaug Hanna , Svanholm Jeppe Houmann , Pedersen Elisabeth Buck , Lew Charles Chin Han , Asante Mark Aninakwah , Ribeiro Johanne Pereira , Wagner Vibeke , Kumburegama Buddheera W.M.B. , Lee Zheng-Yii , Schaug Julie Perrine , Madsen Christina , Gluud Christian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Systematic reviews and data synthesis of randomised clinical trials play a crucial role in clinical practice, research, and health policy. Trial sequential analysis can be used in systematic reviews to control type I and type II errors, but methodological errors including lack of protocols and transparency are cause for concern. We assessed the reporting of trial sequential analysis.
Methods
We searched Medline and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2021 for systematic reviews and meta-analysis reports that include a trial sequential analysis. Only studies with at least two randomised clinical trials analysed in a forest plot and a trial sequential analysis were included. Two independent investigators assessed the studies. We evaluated protocolisation, reporting, and interpretation of the analyses, including their effect on any GRADE evaluation of imprecision.
Results
We included 270 systematic reviews and 274 meta-analysis reports and extracted data from 624 trial sequential analyses. Only 134/270 (50%) systematic reviews planned the trial sequential analysis in the protocol. For dichotomous outcomes, the proportion of events in the control group was missing in 181/439 (41%), relative risk reduction in 105/439 (24%), alpha in 30/439 (7%), beta in 128/439 (29%), and heterogeneity in 232/439 (53%). For continuous outcomes, the minimally relevant difference was missing in 125/185 (68%), variance (or standard deviation) in 144/185 (78%), alpha in 23/185 (12%), beta in 63/185 (34%), and heterogeneity in 105/185 (57%). Graphical illustration of the trial sequential analysis was present in 93% of the analyses, however, the Z-curve was wrongly displayed in 135/624 (22%) and 227/624 (36%) did not include futility boundaries. The overall transparency of all 624 analyses was very poor in 236 (38%) and poor in 173 (28%).
Conclusions
The majority of Trial Sequential Analyses are not transparent when preparing or presenting the required parameters, partly due to missing or poorly conducted protocols. This hampers interpretation, reproducibility, and validity.
Study registration: PROSPERO CRD42021273811
Removal of lanthanum and cerium from aqueous solution using chitosan-functionalized magnetite-pectin
Authors: Yacouba Abdoul-Rachid Chaibou , Oral Alpaslan Enes , Sert Senol , Kaptanoglu Ikbal Gozde , Natatou Ibrahim , Yusan Sabriye , Aytas Sule 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study magnetite-pectin-chitosan (MPC) nanocomposite was synthetized using a partial reduction co-precipitation method. The structure and morphology of the material were characterized by scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The adsorption of Lanthanum and Cerium ions onto MPC was studied in a batch system as a function of initial pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration and temperature. The La(III)/Ce(III) ions was increased when the initial pH of the solution increased. The optimum pH for La/Ce adsorption was 5 and the maximum adsorption was reached within 30 min. The thermodynamics parameters such as enthalpy change (∆°H), entropy change (∆°S) and Gibbs free energy change (∆°G) were calculated. The results suggested that the adsorption was exothermic and spontaneous. To determine the adsorption characteristics, models of Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Freundlich, Temkin and Flory-Huggins adsorption isotherms were applied. Langmuir isotherm model described the data of adsorption very well. The adsorption capacity was found to be 8.17 mg/g and 9.72 mg/g for lanthanum and cerium, respectively.
Formaldehyde Levels and the Indoor Air Quality of Anatomy Dissection Hall with Different Ventilation Setups
Authors: Handady Ganesh , DSouza Anne , Nayak Vanishri S. , Abraham Joseph 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
During anatomy dissection, the release of formaldehyde (FA) from cadavers and embalming fluids can negatively affect the well-being of students and staff. To address this issue, a study measured the FA and air quality (CO2 and Total Volatile Organic Compounds- TVOC) in the breathing zone with different ventilation setups: natural, fan-based, and air-conditioned. The FA, CO2, and TVOC levels were estimated at the cadavers’ head and toe ends, in the pathway, and between the dissection tables. The levels were higher near the cadaver and lower in the pathway and between the tables, regardless of the type of ventilation. Fan-based ventilation had the lowest mean FA, CO2, and TVOC levels compared to AC and natural ventilation. However, there was no significant difference in these levels between the ventilation types, except for the toe-ends of the cadavers (p < 0.05), where the toe-end farther from the AC vents had higher levels. The study suggests that areas away from the source of ventilation are at risk of having lower air quality. Therefore, in addition to selecting an appropriate ventilation system, placing cadavers near the source of ventilation would help optimize FA levels and improve indoor air quality for better working conditions suitable for students and staff.
Half Quantum Mirror Hall Effect
Authors: Shen Shun-Qing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

We report the discovery of the half-quantized mirror Hall effect,
a novel quantum-anomaly induced by mirror symmetry in a strong topological
insulator (TI) film. These films are known to host a pair of gapless
Dirac cones associated with surface electrons. Our findings reveal
that mirror symmetry assigns a unique mirror parity to each Dirac
cone, resulting in a half-quantized Hall conductance of $\pm\frac{e^{2}}{2h}$
for each cone. Despite the total electric Hall conductance being null
due to time-reversal invariance, the difference in Hall conductance
between the two cones yields a quantized Hall conductance of $\frac{e^{2}}{h}$
for the difference in mirror currents. The effect of helical edge
mirror current, a crucial feature of this quantum effect, can be measured
using two-terminal transport measurements. Overall, the half-quantum
mirror Hall effect reveals a new type of mirror-symmetry induced quantum
anomaly in a time-reversal invariant lattice system, giving rise to
a topological metallic state of matter with time-reversal invariance.
Tight Bounds for Chordal/Interval Vertex Deletion Parameterized by Treewidth
Authors: Wlodarczyk Michal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In Chordal/Interval Vertex Deletion we ask how many vertices one needs to remove from a graph to make it chordal (respectively: interval). We study these problems under the parameterization by treewidth (tw) of the input graph G. On the one hand, we present an algorithm for Chordal Vertex Deletion with running time 2^O(tw)*|V(G)|, improving upon the running time 2^O(tw^2)*|V(G)|^O(1) by Jansen, de Kroon, and Wlodarczyk (STOC'21). When a tree decomposition of width tw is given, then the base of the exponent equals 2^(omega-1)*3+1. Our algorithm is based on a novel link between chordal graphs and graphic matroids, which allows us to employ the framework of representative families. On the other hand, we prove that the known 2^O(tw log tw)*|V(G)|-time algorithm for Interval Vertex Deletion cannot be improved assuming Exponential Time Hypothesis.
A differential evolutionary algorithm for multi-threshold image segmentation based on adaptive parameter control strategy
Authors: Zhu Zong-Na , Liu Zhao-Guang , Wang Ning , Wang Yu , Chen Yu-Teng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Multi-threshold image segmentation is a simple and effective approach. Image segmentation techniques are significant in the fields of pattern recognition and computer vision. However, as the number of thresholds increases, the temporal complexity of selecting the best threshold increases exponentially. A meta-heuristic optimization approach called the differential evolution (DE) algorithm was utilized to address the optimization problem. This paper proposes an enhanced DE algorithm with adaptive control parameters (IJADE) for multi-threshold image segmentation. In this study, the enhanced DE algorithm optimizes five distinct thresholds for eight standard test images using the maximum between-class variance (OTSU) technique as the objective function. Comparison and analysis of IJADE with five other benchmark image segmentation algorithms demonstrated the viability and efficiency of the proposed method. The quantitative findings demonstrate that the peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index measure of the image segmentation results under various thresholds can be significantly improved by IJADE compared with existing benchmark methods. Peak signal-to-noise ratios for image segmentation for fabric and crane images were 22.197 and 23.1786, respectively, at a threshold of 5, with both placing top. With superior segmentation performance for digital image segmentation, IJADE was proven to be more effective.
Remote modulation of sub-seasonal soil moisture on clustered extreme precipitation in Northern China
Authors: Liu Jiang , Zhang Jie , Miao Zishu , Hu Rui , Kan Heng , Sha Sha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Clustered extreme precipitation (CEP) draws worldwide attention due to its non-neglectable impacts on socio-economic activities. This study focuses on the typical circulations associated with CEP events in Northern China and investigates the role of hydro-thermal processes over Eurasia. Based on the Self-organizing map method, there are two types of circulations closely related to the occurrence of CEP events over Northern China. One of them features a short wave and a subtropical high. Another shows a northern cyclone and high pressure around the sea of Okhotsk. The anomalous soil moisture (SM) over the Eastern Caspian Sea (ECS) and Northern Tibet Plateau (NTP) at the quasi-biweekly time scale dominates the typical circulations and CEP events over Northern China, rather than local forcing. On the one hand, decreased SM over the ECS induces the eastward movements of short-wave disturbances, along with the westward extension of the strengthened Western Pacific Subtropical High, favoring the increased precipitation over Northern China. On the other hand, increased SM over the NTP contributes to the meridional circulation and enhanced long-wave ridge, coupled with the northern cyclone at the lower level, finally leading to increases in precipitation over Northern China. The results may be useful for the predictions of CEP events in Northern China.
Quality of Dry Extracts of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck Juices
Authors: DE MENESES Lídia Cristina Merlin , NETA Maria Izabel LAMEGO , MINIUKI Jhenifer Luisa , FARIAS Ingrid Vicente , BENVENUTTI Larissa , GERLACH Otto Mauricio Santos , REGINATTO Flávio H. , MALHEIROS Angela , SANTIN José Roberto , Belle-Bresolin Tania 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The juice of blood oranges, especially of the Citrus sinensis variety Moro, cultivated in the region of Sicily, Italy, is an increasingly popular drink due to its beneficial health properties, such as its ability to reduce abdominal fat, related to anthocyanin constituents, as demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical studies. However, the dry extract of C. sinensis juice currently available on the compounding pharmacies in Brazil includes samples from various countries, some of which may not have adequate climatic conditions for the production of anthocyanins. In this work, we investigated three different samples (reference, A1 and A2) marketed in Brazil. We analyzed the composition of the samples by LC-UV and LC-MS, including determining the cyanidin-3-O-glycoside (C3G), total anthocyanin content (TAC), lycopene assay, antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) and in vitro anti-inflammatory effect, by NO production in macrophages. C3G was detected in the reference sample (1.6%) and absence in A1 and A2, similar to the TAC values of 1.45%, 0.1% and 0.01%, in reference, A1 and A2, respectively. The reference and A1 showed similar antioxidant activity with EC50 of 45.6 and 62.4 µg/mL, respectively, while A2 showed lower activity (EC50 315.1 µg/mL). Only the reference sample showed significant inhibition of NO release, demonstrating the necessity of quality control of these commercialized samples.
Impact of Ct-measured Sarcopenic Obesity on Postoperative Outcomes Following Colon Cancer Surgery
Authors: Bajawi Mariam , Corral Sara , Blazquéz Javier , Trill Javier Die , Muñoz Paula , Barranquero Alberto G , Juez Luz , Nisa Francisca Garcia-Moreno 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
to investigate the impact of sarcopenic obesity on anastomotic leak. Secondary outcomes included overall morbidity, mortality and length of hospital stay.
Methods
This was a unicenter, retrospective observational study conducted from January 1, 2015 to January 1, 2020. Conducted in a colorectal surgery referral center. A total of 544 consecutive patients who underwent elective colonic resection for non-metastatic colon cancer. Exclusion criteria included rectal cancer, urgent surgery, lack of anastomosis, lack of imaging, multivisceral resections and synchronic tumors.
Results
A total of 544 patients were included in the analysis with a mean age of 72.6 ± 10.8 years. Complications were noted in 177 (32.3%) patients, of which 51 (9.31%) were severe (Clavien Dindo > II). Sarcopenic obesity was seen in 24.8% of the sample, which was an independent indicator of increased overall morbidity (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.14–2.56, p 0.009), a predictor of 30-day mortality (OR = 6.29, 95% CI: 1.55–25.53, p 0.010) and was significantly associated with development of anastomotic leak (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.05–1.92, p 0.024). Additionally, it increased the risk of reoperation and was related to a prolonged length of hospital stay.
Conclusions
CT-measured sarcopenic obesity is associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality in colon cancer surgery.
Simultaneous Inhibition of PI3K
and PAK in Preclinical Models of Neurofibromatosis Type 2-related Schwannomatosis
Authors: Fernandez-Valle Cristina , Nagel Anna , Huegel Julianne , Petrilli Alejandra , Rosario Rosa , Victoria Berta , Hardin Haley 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2)-related schwannomatosis is a genetic disorder that causes development of multiple types of nervous system tumors. The primary and diagnostic tumor type is bilateral vestibular schwannoma. There is no cure or drug therapy for NF2. Recommended treatments include surgical resection and radiation, both of which can leave patients with severe neurological deficits or increase the risk of future malignant tumors. Results of our previous pilot high-throughput drug screen identified phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors as strong candidates based on loss of viability of mouse merlin-deficient Schwann cells (MD-SCs). Here we used novel human schwannoma model cells to conduct combination drug screens. We identified a class I PI3K inhibitor, pictilisib and p21 activated kinase (PAK) inhibitor, PF-3758309 as the top combination due to high synergy in cell viability assays. Both single and combination therapies significantly reduced growth of mouse MD-SCs in an orthotopic allograft mouse model. The inhibitor combination promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in mouse merlin-deficient Schwann (MD-SCs) cells and cell cycle arrest in human MD-SCs. This study identifies the PI3K and PAK pathways as potential targets for combination drug treatment of NF2-related schwannomatosis.
Management of Fusarium fruit rot of Luffa cylindrical, a new occurred disease at North Egypt caused by Fusarium incarnatum and Fusarium chlamydosporum
Authors: Abdel-Kader Mokhtar Mohamed , Khalil Mokamed Saied Ali , Gamal Nadia Gameel El , Mougy Nehal Samy El 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Fusarium rot of Luffa cylindrical was detected at Kafr-El-Dawar province, Beheira governorate, North Egypt during the growing season 2021. Surveyed disease incidence at Beheira, Kafr El-Shekh and Sharkia governorate showed fruit rot incidence recorded as 18.33%, 16.12%, and 12.42%, respectively. Two fungal isolates of Fusarium spp. were tested for their pathogenic ability to induce Fusarium rot disease and proved typical disease symptoms. Online BLAST program was used for rapid identification and confirmation of identity performance of ITS and DNA sequencing, then compared with sequences available in GenBank. The two fungal isolates were identified as Fusarium incarnatum and Fusarium chlamydosporum and registered under accession number MN480497 and MN480498, respectively. Under laboratory conditions, the tested organic acids, essential oils and organic salts had significant inhibitory effect against the linear growth of the two fungal isolates. Complete fungal growth (100%) was recorded at 0.75 g/l of Topsin-M70 (Thiophanate-methyl) and 0.5% of salicylic acid. Meanwhile, moderate effect was observed at benzoic acid, coumarine, and cinnamon, thyme oil and garlic oil treatments. Under field conditions for two successive seasons, similar trend was also observed. Foliar spray with the fungicide Topsin-M70 had superior effect on disease expression followed by all applied fungicide alternative treatments. The highest fruit rot disease reduction was recorded at salicylic acid and coumarin treatments followed by thyme oil, benzoic acid and potassium carbonate, garlic oil, boric acid and sodium bicarbonate, respectively. It may be concluded that the applied treatments are considered applicable, safe and cost-effective method for controlling such pre-harvest fruit diseases under field conditions.