bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Passion of Saints Perpetua and Felicitas and the Imitatio Christi
Authors: Heffernan Thomas J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although the vitae of female saints of the later Middle Ages are indebted to the conventions of medieval sacred biography no less than those of their male counterparts, these lives possess sufficient distinctive features to warrant their separate consideration. Although the creation of a taxonomy of female sanctity is beyond the scope of this chapter, there are four types of experience taken together (they almost constitute an ideology of convention) within which female spirituality is exemplified in these lives. These types occur early in the tradition of Christian sacred biography and grow out of a necessary adaptation of the vita apostolica and the Gospel depictions of Christ; moreover, they appear to be gender-specific and diachronically constant.1 They are: the redefinition of ideas of kinship; freedom from the Pauline notion of sexual “indebtedness”; the importance of prophetic visions; and the change from virgin, wife, or widow to sponsa Christi.
Magic, Religion, Science, and Secularization
Authors: Sharot Stephen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The object of this paper is not to analyze the distinctions between magic and religion and magic and science as categories of participants or so cieties under study but as categories of observers, the social scientists themselves. The problem here is not how distinctions have been defined in order to establish and protect social boundaries and normative rules, but how social scientists have defined them in order to present a sociolog ical thesis. On occasion social scientists’ discussions of the definitions of magic, religion, and science have become arid debates with no clear reference to any sociological or historical question, but for the most part anthropologists and sociologists have proposed defining these terms in such a way that will assist them to ask comparative and historical ques tions about modes of thought and social practices.
Plague And Politics In 1793: Arthur Mervyn
Authors: Samuels Shirley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An eighteenth-century New England minister who wrote a history of the American Revolution once described the need to “dress” his history modestly: “laboured elegance and extravagant colouring only brings her into suspicion, hides her beauty, and makes the cautious reader afraid lest he is in company with a painted harlot.”1 While it seems understandable that a minister would not want his reader to keep “company with a painted harlot,” the conjunction of history and harlotry here appears striking. Such nervousness about licentious sexuality in language-particularly language that depicted the still volatile topic of the American Revolution-extended to other writers, ministers, orators, and politicians in the young republic. They protected themselves by claiming to use a conservative rhetoric in their efforts to extradite the “alien” dangers of both deism and radical democracy. They proceeded, however, by emphasizing the dangers of the loose woman and, in attempting to educate the American people about the contagion of her infidelity, paradoxically enhancing the sexual associations they claimed to be protecting themselves against. The writer “Parson” Weems, known today for his aggrandizing Life of Washington, spent thirty years peddling books and tracts with titles like The Bad Wife’s Looking Glass and God’s Revenge Against Adultery. Presented as moral lessons, rooted in an idealized concept of sexuality and the family, these tracts also discussed political issues, a mixture so common in eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century writings that the rhetoric of sexuality and the family became nearly interchangeable with that of religion and politics. Such interchangeability is a direct concern of the early American novel.
Religion & Power
Authors: Edwards Douglas R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book contributes to the small but growing literature on the interaction between religion and power in antiquity. Edwards focuses on the eastern ‘Greek’ provinces in the first and second centuries A.D. - the period during which Christianity, Judaism, and numerous other religions and cults exploded across the Roman Empire. His purpose is to show how the local elite classes appropriated and manipulated mythic and religious images and practices to establish and consolidate their social, political, and economic power. Edwards considers both archaeological and literary evidence. He examines coins, epigraphs, statuary, building complexes, mosaics, and paintings from across Asia Minor and Syria-Palestine looking for evidence of sponsorship by local elites and the meaning of such sponsorship. On the literary side, Edwards selects one representative figure from each of the three major religio-cultural traditions: the Greek writer, Chariton of Aphrodisias; the Jewish historian, Josephus; and the Christian evangelist, the author of Luke Acts. He illustrates how each writer's use of religion reflects the interaction of local elite groups with the 'web of power' that existed in political, cultural, and social spheres of the Roman Empire.
The Sense of Adharma
Authors: Glucklich Ariel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Addressing one of the most difficult conceptual topics in the study of classical Hinduism, Ariel Glucklich presents a rigorous phenomenology of dharma, or order. The work moves away from the usual emphasis on symbols and theoretical formulations of dharma as a religious and moral norm. Instead, it focuses on images that emerge from the basic experiential interaction of the body in its spatial and temporal contexts, such as the sensation of water on the skin during the morning purification, or the physical manipulation of the bride during the marriage ritual. Images of dharma are examined in myths, rituals, art, and even the physical landscape of the Hindu world. The varied and contingent experiences of dharma infuse it with a meaning that transcends a false analytical distinction from adharma, or chaos. Glucklich shows that when dharma is experienced by means of living images, it becomes inescapably temporal, and therefore inseparable from adharma.
The scandal of the gospels
Authors: Mccracken David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book argues that the gospels are in an important sense “occasions for offense.” The Jesus of the gospels is a scandal (skandalon, in the original Greek) and he is never more scandalous than when he is speaking in parables. Interpreters of the gospels over the centuries have consistently labored to domesticate the offense or to eliminate it entirely. David McCracken, focusing on parables, Matthew’s narrative contexts, and the gospel of John, seeks to recover the gospels’ sense of Jesus as skandalon. To this end, he enlists the help of Kierkegaard, the philosopher of offense, and to a lesser extent that of Bakhtin, both of whom prove to be surprisingly apt conversation partners for the evangelists.
Revolution And Dissolution: The Last Phase
Authors: Mitchell Richard P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
ON 26 July the Consultative Assembly of the Society, in extraordinary session, drafted and then released on 1 August a report of its proceedings which featured an expression of pleasure at the success of ‘the blessed movement’ of the army officers in liberating Egypt. The bulk of it consisted of a statement of the views of the Society on the multiple problems of reform-moral, political economic, and social-facing the Egyptian people at the beginning of their new era.
Structure And Administration
Authors: Mitchell Richard P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The first regulations to govern the operation of the Society came into existence, according to Banna, around 1930-1. On 8 September 1945 a revised code, proposed by Banna, was adopted under the title ‘The Fundamental Law of the Organization of the Muslim Brothers’ (Qanun al-nizam al-asasi li-hay’at al-Ikhwan alMuslimin al-’Amma).2 Within three years Banna, ‘in the light of the experience of the past years’, recommended a series of amendments which were drafted in the form of proposals by a special committee and adopted unanimously, after a first and a second ‘reading’, by the Consultative Assembly on 21 May 1948. Finally, following the appointment as leader of Hasan al-Hudaybi, the Guidance Council-acting under the authority of Article 32 of the basic statute, which empowered it to create the necessary apparatus for ‘realizing the goals of the Society’, and Article 62 which allowed existing Ordinances to be reviewed and modified-adopted a new series of ‘General Internal Regulations’ (al-La’iha al-dakhiliyya al-’Amma), which elaborated the earlier code.3 These two sets of ordinances constitute the primary sources for the Society’s organizational structure and its ‘administrative and technical operations. The charts on pp. 164 and 177 summarize its structure on first the administrative and then the technical side.
The Solution: Reform And Action
Authors: Mitchell Richard P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Muslim state, the Muslim order, as conceived by the Brothers was, however, far from realization. But if the country could not be ‘Islamized’ overnight, much could be done to pave the way towards the final goal. This meant a total reform of the political, economic, and social life of the country by the government from the top, and by the people from below. The government was to be ‘guided’ by a series of reform programmes advocated by the Society; and these were to be given substantial support from the ever-increasing circle of Muslims converted anew to the truths of the faith. Thus, besides advocating reform programmes, the Society attempted to create a milieu conducive to the ‘truly Islamic life’, by undertaking on its own initiative numerous projects designed to demonstrate the viability of Islam as a coherent programme of social organization.
Standing Against The Whirlwind
Authors: Butler Diana Hochstedt 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Standing Against the Whirlwind is a history of the Evangelical party in the Episcopal Church in nineteenth-century America. A surprising revisionist account of the church’s first century, it reveals the extent to which evangelical Episcopalians helped to shape the piety, identity, theology, and mission of the church. Using the life and career of one of the party’s greatest leaders, Charles Pettit McIlvaine, the second bishop of Ohio, Diana Butler blends institutional history with biography to explore the vicissitudes and tribulations of evangelicals in a church that often seemed inhospitable to their version of the Gospel. This gracefully written narrative history of a neglected movement sheds light on evangelical religion within a particular denomination and broadens the interpretation of nineteenth-century American evangelicalism as a whole. In addition, it elucidates such wider cultural and religious issues as the meaning of millennialism and the nature of the crisis over slavery.
Standing Up for Jesus: The Evangelical Episcopal Quest for Puriry, 1853-1865
Authors: Butler Diana Hochstedt 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On Tuesday, April 13, 1858, the Rev. Dudley Atkins Tyng, son of Stephen Tyng, got up from his books and left his study for a brief walk. He entered his barn to watch some of his servants operating a mill. Unnoticed by him or his servants, the sleeve of his gown caught in a cogwheel of the machine. Before anyone could stop the mechanism, Tyng’s right side was crushed between the gears. “The cogs,” recalled his father, “had ground the flesh from the bone, from the elbow to the shoulder.”1 For a week, doctors tried to save the young minister-having amputated his arm -to no avail. Six days later, on Monday, April 19, Dudley Tyng died. Dudley Tyng was nearly as famous as his father as an evangelical leader in the Episcopal Church. He had been rector of parishes in New York, western Virginia, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. In Ohio, he led Cincinnati’s prestigious Christ Church, the parish church of Bishop Mcilvaine. There Mcilvaine befriended the son of one of his closest friends, and the younger Tyng preached a clear evangelical and anti-Oxford Movement theology. He gained fame for his “pulpit presence and eloquence.” In 1854, he was honored with a call to a former parish of his father’s,the well-known evangelical parish, Philadelphia’s Church of the Epiphany.
David Ely (1927–)
Authors: Herbert Rosemary 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
David Eli Lilienthal, Jr., under the pseudonym David Ely, produced a body of fiction fueled by the author’s fascination with men of power and influence who are suddenly driven to test and understand themselves in a quest to discover their true character. In a half-dozen novels, Ely places his protagonists in various challenging situations, such as the Paris underground of World War II, a Central American jungle, and the surveillance industry. In Ely’s best known novel, Seconds (1963), a successful businessman known only as Wil son is approached by a mysterious corporation and offered an attractive new life. Wilson soon discovers that he is lost when given too much freedom.
Gabriel Garcia Marquez (1928–)
Authors: Herbert Rosemary 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Colombian author Gabriel Garcfa Marquez has created a body of work that defies categorization. Some of his work may be termed magic realism; much of it has the resonance of fables; all of it is intensely original. Nobel laureate Garcfa Marquez admired the work of another Nobel Prize winner in this volume, William Faulkner. Both authors’ works grapple with grand emotions and themes grounded in a rich regional foundation: love, pride, power, entrapment, and death.
Peter Lovesey (1936–)
Authors: Herbert Rosemary 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
British author Peter Lovesey dreamed of becoming a great runner but instead won crime and mystery writing competitions with his novels set in the world of odd Victorian sports. Born in Middlesex, England, Lovesey was educated at the University of Reading. He later served as an education officer in the Royal Air Force and was employed by colleges in Essex and London before he entered the writing contest that launched his mystery writing career. Lovesey initially established himself as a writer of period mysteries, building his series around his research into English sports and Victorian police procedure. His best-known sleuths are Sergeant Cribb, Constable Edward Thackeray, and his police superior, Inspector Jowett. These Victorian characters appeared not only in Lovesey’s books but in the Sergeant Cribb television series based on the novels and in additional programming that Lovesey and his wife Jacque line plotted for television.
Franco-German Reconciliation: The Overlooked Role of the Moral Re-Armament Movement
Authors: Luttwak Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1945 Germany was not merely defeated-its very identity as a nation-state was invalidated, just as much of its industry and all of its larger cities were all but totally obliterated. Facing immediate hardship and sometimes hunger, unable to imagine a better future, the Germans were far from ready to atone for the unprecedented cruelties then revealed to the world. As for the French, the deep wounds of 1940 were by then aggravated by the prolonged humiliation of the German occupation and by the sheer terror evoked by even routine encounters with German security patrols on country roads or in Paris subway stations. Ar. the same time, the revelations of the concentration and death camps more than confirmed all possible fears. In the circumstances, any attempt to effect a reconciliation between the two peoples was seemingly premature to the point of absurdity.
Introduction
Authors: Cooey Paula M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On January 12, 1977, Alicia Partnoy disappeared. An Argentine citizen, poet, university student, and mother of a small child, she was detained by army personnel and incarcerated, along with other activists, in a concentration camp known as la Escuelita, the Little School. The Argentine military held her without charge and without the knowledge of her family for six months, after which, for reasons she never discovered, she “rappeared,” only to remain imprisoned for an additional two and one-half years, at which point she went into exile.1 On reading her poetry and an account of her experiences, I was struck by her focus upon the body as the battleground over which she and her torturers struggled to lay claim to her agency or subjectivity.
The Death and Rebirth of Denominational History
Authors: Bowden Henry Warner 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The title of this essay derives from a rather whimsical appropriation of words used by A. F. C. Wallace. In his study of Seneca Indians, westernmost of the five tribes constituting the Iroquois League, Wallace traced the cultural decline of those proud people and then their partial recovery thanks to the ministrations of a native prophet named Hand-some Lake. The general concept he used to depict this reclamation process was “revitalization.” In this essay I borrow the concept and apply it to the broad field of denominational history. But there is one proviso. Wallace defined revitalization as a deliberate, self-conscious movement, a process pursued over time with great determination.1 The Senecas came back from the edge of oblivion because they tried hard to do so. This was revitalization in the classic sense, but in my view the revitalization of denominational history does not quite fit the standard definition because, thus far, change does not seem to have been deliberate or self-conscious. Denominational history drifted toward the edge of historiographical oblivion, true enough, but current signs of improvement do not indicate that this recovery has been very carefully thought out at all.
Responses To Suffering In Classical Rabbinic Literature
Authors: Kraemer David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The existence of suffering poses an obvious problem for the monotheistic religions. Why does an all-powerful, benevolent God allow humans to suffer? And given that God does, what is the appropriate human response? In modern times Jewish theologians in particular, faced with the enormity of the Holocaust, have struggled to come to grips with these issues. In Responses to Suffering, David Kraemer offers the first comprehensive history of teachings related to suffering in classical rabbinic literature. Beginning with the Mishnah (c. 200 CE), Kraemer examines traditions on suffering, divine justice, national catastrophe, and the like, in all major rabbinic works of late antiquity. Bringing to bear recent methods in the history of religions, literary criticism, canonical criticism, and the sociology of religion, Kraemer offers a rich analysis of the development of attitudes that are central to and remain contemporary concerns of any religious society.
Making Malcolm
Authors: Dyson Michael Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Twenty years after his assassination, what is it about Malcolm X’s life and words that speaks so powerfully to so many? In Making Malcolm, Michael Eric Dyson probes the myths and meanings of Malcolm X for our time. From Spike Lee’s film biography to Eugene Wolfenstein’s psycho biographical study, from hip-hop culture to gender and racial politics, Dyson cuts a critical swathe through both the idolization and the vicious caricatures that have undermined appreciation of Malcolm’s greatest accomplishments. A rare and important book, Making Malcolm casts new light not only on the life and career of a seminal black leader, but on the aspirations and passions of the growing numbers who have seized on his life for insight and inspiration.
The Describable Life of Michel Foucault
Authors: Halperin David M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The order of scientific discourse, the attribution of a work to an author was, during the Middle Ages, indispensable, because such an attribution was an index of the work’s truthfulness. A proposition was held to derive its scientific value from its author. Since the seventeenth century this function has been steadily disappearing in scientific discourse; it no longer functions except to give a name to a theorem, an effect, an example, or a syndrome. In the order of literary discourse, by contrast, starting in the same period, the author’s function has been steadily gaining strength. Now, we demand of all those narratives, poems, dramas, and comedies which circulated relatively anonymously throughout the Middle Ages (and we insist that they tell us) where they come from and who wrote them. We require the author to answer for the unity of the text that we attach to his name; we require him to reveal, or at least to display, the hidden sense pervading his work; we require him to link his writings to his personal life and his lived experiences, to the real story that witnessed their birth.
Small Sacrifices
Authors: Schiller Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This is an ethnographic study of the Ngaju Dyaks, rain forest dwellers of the remote interior region of Central Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo). Like many indigenous peoples, the Ngaju have lately been affected by exposure to world religions, technological advances, and myriad external factors involving their growing incorporation into the rapidly expanding state system. Schiller demonstrates that their responses to these pressures are most clearly seen in the religious sphere and involve the recasting and reinterpreting of their indigenous religion. She focuses particularly on the changing form and content of “tiwah,” an elaborate ritual of secondary burial with multiple and diverse meanings for Hindu Kaharingan Ngaju as well as for those who have converted to Islam or Christianity.
The Making of a “Quota Queen”
Authors: Leff Laurel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Three days after President Clinton withdrew Lani Guinier’s nomination to be head of the Jus, tice Department’s Civil Rights Division, the Washington Post published a postmortem that credited Clint Bolick of the “libertarianoriented” Institute for Justice with defeating the nomination. Post reporter Michael lsikoff (1993c) wrote that the Institute of Justice “produced a drumbeat of press releases, reports, and op-ed articles that portrayed the University of Pennsylvania law professor as a proquota, leftwing ‘extremist’ bent on undermining democratic principles—labels that stuck and helped fuel the debate over the Guinier nomination in terms that made it difficult for her allies to recover.”
The Real Real Anita Hill, or the Making of a Backlash Best-Seller
Authors: Coombs Mary 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In April 1993, the Free Press published David Brock’s The Real Anita Hill. The book purported both to expose a variety of inconsistencies and inaccuracies in the testimony of Professor Hill and her key witnesses and to show that she was a left-wing feminist with one or more of a number of character flaws. The inevitable conclusion, if one accepted the accuracy of Brock’s research and conclusions, was that Professor Hill’s charges against Judge Thomas were baseless and that he had been the innocent victim of a vendetta engaged in by Hill and by the “Shadow Senate” of liberal senators, staffers, and lobbyists.
Introduction
Authors: Bisom-Rapp Susan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Popular culture is a fertile analytical site for feminist legal theory. Reaching an audience of millions, mass media both reflects and shapes social attitudes and increasingly provides a forum for political and cultural debates, particularly those that implicate law. It alternately functions as an instrument for social change and a tool for restabilizing or reconfiguring the status quo. As such, its analysis can provide feminists working in law with a barometer for gauging the impact of their ideas and with a point from which strategy can be formulated.