bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization of Benzimidazole Resistance in
Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Mills Scott D. , Yang Wei , MacCormack Kathleen 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

A family of benzimidazole derivatives (BI) was shown to possess potent and selective activity against
Helicobacter pylori
, although the precise cellular target of the BIs is unknown. Spontaneous
H. pylori
mutants were isolated as resistant to a representative BI (compound A). Genomic DNA was isolated from a BI-resistant mutant, transformed into a BI-sensitive strain, and found to be sufficient to confer BI resistance. The resistance determinant was localized to a 17-kb clone after screening a lambda-based genomic library constructed from the BI-resistant strain. Upon sequencing and mapping onto the
H. pylori
strain J99 genome, the 17-kb clone was shown to contain the entire
nuo
operon (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase). Further subcloning and DNA sequencing revealed that a single point mutation in
nuoD
was responsible for BI resistance. The mutation resulted in a G398S amino acid change at the C terminus of NuoD. Thirty-three additional spontaneous BI-resistant mutants were characterized. Sequencing of
nuoD
from 32 isolated mutants revealed three classes of missense mutation resulting in amino acid changes in NuoD: G398S, F404S, and V407M. One BI-resistant isolate did not have a mutation in
nuoD
. Instead, a T27A amino acid change was identified in NuoB. MIC testing of the wild-type
H. pylori
strain and four classes of
nuo
mutants revealed that all NuoD mutant classes were hypersensitive to rotenone, a known inhibitor of complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) suggested to bind to NuoD. Further, a
nuoD
knockout verified that it is essential in
H. pylori
and may be the target of the BI compounds.
Effects of Fluoroquinolones on the Migration of Human Phagocytes through
Chlamydia pneumoniae
-Infected and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Stimulated Endothelial Cells
Authors: Uriarte Silvia M. , Molestina Robert E. , Miller Richard D. , Bernabo Jorge , Farinati Alicia , Eiguchi Kumiko , Ramirez Julio A. , Summersgill James T. 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

The anti-inflammatory activities of three quinolones, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and gatifloxacin, were investigated with an in vitro model of transendothelial migration (TEM). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were seeded in Transwell inserts, treated with serial dilutions of antibiotics, infected with
Chlamydia pneumoniae
, or stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Neutrophils or monocytes were also preincubated with serial dilutions of each antibiotic. TEM was assessed by light microscopic examination of the underside of the polycarbonate membrane, and levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In HUVEC infected with
C. pneumoniae
or stimulated with TNF-α, all fluoroquinolones significantly decreased neutrophil and monocyte TEM, compared to antibiotic-free controls. Moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin produced a significant decrease in IL-8 in
C. pneumoniae
-infected and TNF-α-stimulated HUVEC; however, moxifloxacin was the only fluoroquinolone that produced a significant decrease in MCP-1 levels under both conditions. Results from this study indicate similarities in the anti-inflammatory activities of these fluoroquinolones, although no statistically significant decrease in chemokine secretion was observed when levofloxacin was used. Mechanisms of neutrophil and monocyte TEM inhibition by fluoroquinolone antibiotics are unknown but may be partially due to inhibition of IL-8 and MCP-1 production, respectively.
In Vitro and In Vivo Bacteriolytic Activities of
Escherichia coli
Phages: Implications for Phage Therapy
Authors: Chibani-Chennoufi Sandra , Sidoti Josette , Bruttin Anne , Kutter Elizabeth , Sarker Shafiq , Brüssow Harald 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

Four
T4-like coliphages with broad host ranges for diarrhea-associated
Escherichia coli
serotypes were isolated from stool
specimens from pediatric diarrhea patients and from environmental water
samples. All four phages showed a highly efficient gastrointestinal
passage in adult mice when added to drinking water. Viable phages were
recovered from the feces in a dose-dependent way. The minimal oral dose
for consistent fecal recovery was as low as 10
3
PFU of phage
per ml of drinking water. In conventional mice, the orally applied
phage remained restricted to the gut lumen, and as expected for a
noninvasive phage, no histopathological changes of the gut mucosa were
detected in the phage-exposed animals.
E. coli
strains
recently introduced into the intestines of conventional mice and traced
as ampicillin-resistant colonies were efficiently lysed in vivo by
phage added to the drinking water. Likewise, an in vitro
phage-susceptible
E. coli
strain freshly inoculated into
axenic mice was lysed in vivo by an orally applied phage, while an in
vitro-resistant
E. coli
strain was not lysed. In contrast, the
normal
E. coli
gut flora of conventional mice was only
minimally affected by oral phage application despite the fact that in
vitro the majority of the murine intestinal
E. coli
colonies
were susceptible to the given phage cocktail. Apparently, the resident
E. coli
gut flora is physically or physiologically protected
against phage
infection.
Inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Replication by Niclosamide
Authors: Wu Chang-Jer , Jan Jia-Tsrong , Chen Chi-Min , Hsieh Hsing-Pang , Hwang Der-Ren , Liu Hwan-Wun , Liu Chiu-Yi , Huang Hui-Wen , Chen Su-Chin , Hong Cheng-Fong , Lin Ren-Kuo , Chao Yu-Sheng , Hsu John T. A. 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT
Antiviral agents are urgently needed to fight severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). We showed that niclosamide, an existing antihelminthic drug, was able to inhibit replication of a newly discovered coronavirus, SARS-CoV; viral antigen synthesis was totally abolished at a niclosamide concentration of 1.56 μM, as revealed by immunoblot analysis. Thus, niclosamide represents a promising drug candidate for the effective treatment of SARS-CoV infection.
Sustained-Release Formulation of Doxycycline Hyclate for Prophylaxis of Tick Bite Infection in a Murine Model of Lyme Borreliosis
Authors: Zeidner N. S. , Brandt K. S. , Dadey E. , Dolan M. C. , Happ C. , Piesman J. 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT
The prophylactic potential of a single injection of sustained-release doxycycline hyclate (Atridox) was compared to that of a single oral dose of doxycycline hyclate in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis. Prophylaxis, as measured by the lack of cultivable spirochetes and demonstrable pathology, was noted for 43% of orally treated mice; in contrast, the sustained-release doxycycline hyclate completely protected mice from infection and resultant pathology.
No Findings of Dental Defects in Children Treated with Minocycline
Authors: Cascio Antonio , Di Liberto Chiara , D'Angelo Matteo , Iaria Chiara , Scarlata Francesco , Titone Lucina , Campisi Giuseppina 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT

Forty-one children <8 years of age treated for brucellosis with oral minocycline (2.5 mg/kg) twice daily for 3 weeks were recalled and examined to check for dental staining and defects. Dental staining and defects were found in 14 of 41 exposed children (34.1%) and in 30 of 82 matched controls (36.6%), respectively (
P
> 0.2).
In Vitro Activities of Iodonium Salts against Oral and Dental Anaerobes
Authors: Goldstein Ellie J. C. , Citron Diane M , Warren Yumi , Merriam C. Vreni , Tyrrell Kerin , Fernandez Helen , Radhakrishnan Ukkiramapandian , Stang Peter J. , Conrads Georg 
Published: June 2004

ABSTRACT
The comparative in vitro activities of 11 iodonium salt compounds, 0.12% chlorhexidine, and four antimicrobial agents against 322 anaerobic and fastidious potential dental and periodontal bacterial pathogens were studied. Iodonium salts 3, 4, 5, 9, and 10 had in vitro activities comparable to that of chlorhexidine against most isolates. These compounds may be suitable for incorporation into an oral mouthwash.
On Requesting Re-Prints Electronically
Authors: Hartley James 
Published: June 2004

Background. Many researchers contact colleagues in order to obtain re-prints of their papers. Most people, these days, use electronic aids to do this. Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the success rates for obtaining re-prints using such electronic communication with those obtained previously by post. Method. A hundred requests for e-prints or re-prints were sent electronically to colleagues, and the response rates recorded. Results. Of those approached, 79% responded to the requests, although 12% of these needed a reminder. Those replying electronically without a reminder (41%) took an average of one day to respond (range 0-13 days), whereas those replying by mail without a reminder (26%) took on average nine days (range 2-34 days). Responders needing a reminder (12%) took on average 41 days to respond (range 32-71). There were no significant differences between the response rates of American and British researchers, nor between those of men and women, but there was a significantly higher response rate from colleagues who were sent accompanying materials with the request. Conclusions. These results indicate that rapid replies were received from people responding electronically and that the overall response rate was somewhat higher, and somewhat faster, than that found in most previous postal studies. However, the problem of non- and late-responders still exists. One further advantage for the electronic system is that, unlike the postal method, it facilitates rapid additional communication between the sender and the recipient.
Modellierung, Simulation und Produktionsplanung von rohrlosen Anlagen (Modelling, Simulation and Production Planning of Pipeless Plants)
Authors: Liefeldt Andreas , Engell Sebastian 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Bei der Herstellung von Life-Science Produkten wird die Fähigkeit, schnell auf sich ändernde Marktanforderungen reagieren zu können, zunehmend zu einem Schlüsselfaktor des wirtschaftlichen Erfolgs. Rohrleitungslose Anlagen stellen eine flexiblere Alternative zu Standard-Mehrproduktanlagen dar, bei denen die Planung und der Betrieb effektiv durch den Einsatz von Simulations- bzw. Optimierungssoftware unterstützt werden kann. PPSiM ist eine graphische Softwareumgebung, die auf die spezifischen Charakteristika von Pipeless Plants zugeschnitten ist und dem Planer oder Betreiber im Bereich Design, Layout und Scheduling Entscheidungshilfen bietet.
Model‐reference adaptive and self‐tuning controls of telescopic mobile cranes with the impact of elastic cables, viscoelastic cylinders, and winds
Authors: Tuan Le Anh 
Published: February 2024

SummaryTelescopic truck crane is an under‐actuated mechanical system with three actuators controlling five outputs. Its complex structure, shape variation, uncertain parameters, elastic cables, and viscoelastic cylinders are great challenges in control design. This article proposes two adaptive robust controllers for such cranes. A control core assures robustness based on back‐stepping and Lyapunov stability. The adaptation is achieved by employing model‐reference adaptive and self‐tuning control approaches. Thus, the benefits of these adaptive techniques are introduced into the control systems. The application to a practical crane shows the effectiveness of the proposed controllers. The crane has robustness and adaptation despite the elasticity and friction of the load‐carrying cable, the viscoelasticity of the cylinders, the variation of crane parameters, and the presence of winds. Comprehensive comparison indicates the state of the art and the shortcomings of the control systems.
From Short Circuit to Completed Circuit: Conductive Hydrogel Facilitating Oral Wound Healing
Authors: Zhou Qiangqiang , Dai Hanqing , Yan Yukun , Qin Zhiming , Zhou Mengqi , Zhang Wanlu , Zhang Guoqi , Guo Ruiqian , Wei Xiaoling 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe primary challenges posed by oral mucosal diseases are their high incidence and the difficulty in managing symptoms. Inspired by the ability of bioelectricity to activate cells, accelerate metabolism, and enhance immunity, a conductive polyacrylamide/sodium alginate crosslinked hydrogel composite containing reduced graphene oxide (PAA‐SA@rGO) is developed. This composite possesses antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, serving as a bridge to turn the “short circuit” of the injured site into a “completed circuit,” thereby prompting fibroblasts in proximity to the wound site to secrete growth factors and expedite tissue regeneration. Simultaneously, the PAA‐SA@rGO hydrogel effectively seals wounds to form a barrier, exhibits antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory properties, and prevents foreign bacterial invasion. As the electric field of the wound is rebuilt and repaired by the PAA‐SA@rGO hydrogel, a 5 × 5 mm2 wound in the full‐thickness buccal mucosa of rats can be expeditiously mended within mere 7 days. The theoretical calculations indicate that the PAA‐SA@rGO hydrogel can aggregate and express SOX2, PITX1, and PITX2 at the wound site, which has a promoting effect on rapid wound healing. Importantly, this PAA‐SA@rGO hydrogel has a fast curative effect and only needs to be applied for the first three days, which significantly improves patient satisfaction during treatment.
Efferocytosis‐Inspired Biomimetic Nanoplatform for Targeted Acute Lung Injury Therapy
Authors: Huang Zhiwei , Li Xinze , Yu Dedong , Wang Hengcai , Chun Changju , Zhao Yingzheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) is a serious inflammatory disease that causes impairment of pulmonary function. Phenotypic modulation of macrophage in the lung using fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) may be a potential strategy to alleviate lung inflammation. Consequently, achieving specific delivery of FGF21 to the inflamed lung and subsequent efficient FGF21 internalization by macrophages within the lung becomes critical for effective ALI treatment. Here, an apoptotic cell membrane‐coated zirconium‐based metal‐organic framework UiO‐66 is reported for precise pulmonary delivery of FGF21 (ACM@U‐FGF21) whose design is inspired by the process of efferocytosis. ACM@U‐FGF21 with apoptotic signals is recognized and internalized by phagocytes in the blood and macrophages in the lung, and then the intracellular ACM@U‐FGF21 can inhibit the excessive secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines by these cells to relieve the inflammation. Utilizing the homologous targeting properties inherited from the source cells and the spontaneous recruitment of immune cells to inflammatory sites, ACM@U‐FGF21 can accumulate preferentially in the lung after injection. The results prove that ACM@U‐FGF21 effectively reduces inflammatory damage to the lung by modulating lung macrophage polarization and suppressing the excessive secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines by activated immune cells. This study demonstrates the usefulness of efferocytosis‐inspired ACM@U‐FGF21 in the treatment of ALI.
Kinetically Controlled Synthesis of Metallic Glass Nanoparticles with Expanded Composition Space
Authors: Deng Bing , Wang Zhe , Choi Chi Hun , Li Gang , Yuan Zhe , Chen Jinhang , Luong Duy Xuan , Eddy Lucas , Shin Bongki , Lathem Alexander , Chen Weiyin , Cheng Yi , Xu Shichen , Liu Qiming , Han Yimo , Yakobson Boris I. , Zhao Yufeng , Tour James M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNanoscale metallic glasses offer opportunities for investigating fundamental properties of amorphous solids and technological applications in biomedicine, microengineering, and catalysis. However, their top‐down fabrication is limited by bulk counterpart availability, and bottom‐up synthesis remains underexplored due to strict formation conditions. Here, a kinetically controlled flash carbothermic reaction is developed, featuring ultrafast heating (>105 K s−1) and cooling rates (>104 K s−1), for synthesizing metallic glass nanoparticles within milliseconds. Nine compositional permutations of noble metals, base metals, and metalloid (M1─M2─P, M1 = Pt/Pd, M2 = Cu/Ni/Fe/Co/Sn) are synthesized with widely tunable particle sizes and substrates. Through combinatorial development, a substantially expanded composition space for nanoscale metallic glass is discovered compared to bulk counterpart, revealing that the nanosize effect enhances glass forming ability. Leveraging this, several nanoscale metallic glasses are synthesized with composition that have never, to the knowledge, been synthesized in bulk. The metallic glass nanoparticles exhibit high activity in heterogeneous catalysis, outperforming crystalline metal alloy nanoparticles.
A Fluoride‐Rich Solid‐Like Electrolyte Stabilizing Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Huashan , Huang Weiyuan , Rao Ruijun , Zhu Jiacheng , Chen Huige , Liu Haoyu , Li Jiashuai , Li Qiufen , Bai Mengxi , Wang Xiang , Wang Xuefeng , Liu Tongchao , Amine Khalil , Wang Ziqi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo address the problems associated with Li metal anodes, a fluoride‐rich solid‐like electrolyte (SLE) that combines the benefits of solid‐state and liquid electrolytes is presented. Its unique triflate‐group‐enhanced frame channels facilitate the formation of a functional inorganic‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which not only improves the reversibility and interfacial charge transfer of Li anodes but also ensures uniform and compact Li deposition. Furthermore, these triflate groups contribute to the decoupling of Li+ and provide hopping sites for rapid Li+ transport, enabling a high room‐temperature ionic conductivity of 1.1 mS cm−1 and a low activation energy of 0.17 eV, making it comparable to conventional liquid electrolytes. Consequently, Li symmetric cells using such SLE achieve extremely stable plating/stripping cycling over 3500 h at 0.5 mA cm−2 and support a high critical current up to 2 mA cm−2. The assembled Li||LiFePO4 solid‐like batteries exhibit exceptional cyclability for over 1 year and a half, even outperforming liquid cells. Additionally, high‐voltage cylindrical cells and high‐capacity pouch cells are demonstrated, corroborating much simpler processibility in battery assembly compared to all‐solid‐state batteries.
Effects of public and private regulations on wholesale vendors' adoption of agrifood traceability to farms
Authors: Zhou Jiehong , Yang Zhiying , Liang Qiao , Zhou Weihua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAgrifood traceability of farms is extremely difficult owing to the small scale and dispersibility of farms. Fortunately, wholesale markets play an irreplaceable role in agrifood systems and in upstream traceability in many developing countries. This study first explores the mechanism of food safety liabilities related to the adoption of upstream traceability to farms. Then, the effects of public regulation by the government and private regulation by the market platform on wholesale vendors' adoption of traceability are investigated empirically. A unique panel dataset comprising 9287 food safety tests for 396 vendors from a wholesale market is used in the empirical analysis. The results show that vendors behave opportunistically by lowering their level of traceability when they expect a smaller possibility of being sampled. Given the same strength of regulation intensity, the effect of government regulation is larger than that of the market. The experience of failure in recent sampling tests motivates vendors to adopt higher levels of traceability. Recommendations regarding the frequency of food safety sampling tests conducted by the government and wholesale markets are proposed [EconLit Citations: Q18, L53].
Adolescents and sexual assault: A critical integrative review
Authors: Bailey Caroline , Shaw Jessica , Harris Abril 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdolescents are sexually assaulted at remarkably high rates. Adolescents are also unique given the specific dynamics of adolescent sexual assault, their current stage in human development, their limited legal standing and rights, and their experiences navigating postassault services and resources. While literature exists within each of these domains, it is somewhat disconnected and overlooks how adolescents are often relegated to the margins in research and practice. The purpose of this integrative review is to (1) provide a more complete understanding of adolescent sexual assault and survivors' nuanced needs; (2) frame adolescent survivors as a too‐often‐overlooked oppressed group that researchers and responders must consider and center in their work, lest contribute to their further marginalization; and (3) inspire and orient social justice‐minded scholar activists to various action steps to take to center and prioritize adolescents in research and practice. Through our intersectional feminist approach, we offer specific action steps for social justice‐minded scholar activists to recenter adolescents in their research and practice.
Developing and describing a typology of lucid episodes among people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
Authors: Griffin Joan M. , Kim Kyungmin , Finnie Dawn M. , Lapid Maria I. , Gaugler Joseph E. , Batthyány Alexander , Bangerter Lauren R. , Biggar Virginia S. , Frangiosa Theresa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study examined lucid episodes among people living with late‐stage Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (PLWD) and then developed a typology of these episodes to help characterize them.METHODSFamily caregivers of PLWD provided information about witnessed episodes, including proximity to death, cognitive status, duration, communication quality, and circumstances prior to lucid episodes on up to two episodes (caregiver N = 151; episode N = 279). Latent class analysis was used to classify and characterize empirically distinct clusters of lucid episodes.RESULTSFour lucid episode types were identified. The most common type occurred during visits with family and among PLWD who lived > 6 months after the episode. The least common type coincided with family visits and occurred within 7 days of the PLWD's death.DISCUSSIONFindings suggest that multiple types of lucid episodes exist; not all signal impending death; and some, but not all, are precipitated by external stimuli.
Spontaneous Oxidation in Aqueous Microdroplets: Water Radical Cation as Primary Oxidizing Agent
Authors: Qiu Lingqi , Cooks R. Graham 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExploration of the unique chemical properties of interfaces can unlock new understanding. A striking example is the finding of accelerated reactions, particularly spontaneous oxidation reactions, that occur without assistance of catalysts or external oxidants at the air interface of both aqueous and organic solutions (provided they contain some water). This finding opened a new area of interfacial chemistry but also caused heated debate regarding the primary chemical species responsible for the observed oxidation. An overview of the literature covering oxidation in microdroplets with air interfaces is provided, together with a critical examination of previous findings and hypotheses. The water radical cation/radical anion pair, formed spontaneously and responsible for the electric field at or near the droplet/air interface, is suggested to constitute the primary redox species. Mechanisms of accelerated microdroplet reactions are critically discussed and it is shown that hydroxyl radical/hydrogen peroxide formation in microdroplets does not require that these species be the primary oxidant. Instead, we suggest that hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide are the products of water radical cation decay in water. The importance of microdroplet chemistry in the prebiotic environment is sketched briefly and the role of partial solvation in reaction acceleration is noted.