bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stargardt Disease: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Masloman Anugrah Handini , Kambey Dave Abraham , Sumual Gideon , Nursalim Ade John 
Published: February 2024

Introduction : To report a stargardt disease case
Case Illustration : A 14 year young boy presented with chief complaints of blurry vision in both eyes since childhood. Progressive loss in his ability to differentiate between faces, colors and point out details of objects. On ocular examination, his visual acuity was 1/60 with retinoscopy value revealed +2.00 Dsph and was unable to read plates of Ishihara chart in both eyes. On indirect ophthalmoscopy optic disc were normal with sharp margins and orange color and absent foveal reflex in both eyes. Numerous small whitish flecks were seen around the macula in both the eyes with an ill-defined circular lesion was seen at the macula with beaten bronze appearance. Supportive therapy such as correction with low vision aids or the provision of sun protective glasses can help in the daily lives of patients.
Discussion : Stargardt disease is an inherited macular degeneration that typically presents in the first two decades of life. The prevalence is in the region of 1 in 8–10,000 individuals. Study reported an annual incidence of 0.127 per 100,000. This case was also rarely reported in Indonesia. The age of onset and rate of progression vary greatly, with most experiencing symptoms in their teens or earlier.
Conclusion : Stargardt disease case has been reported in a 14 year young boy. Progressive vision loss can be the only vision complaint from the patient. Supportive therapy such as correction with low vision aids or the provision of sun protective glasses can help in the daily lives of patients.
CICATRICIAL ECTROPION REPAIR DUE TO TRAUMA : A CASE REPORT
Authors: Rino Agustian Praja  , Hendrianti  , Mardijas Efendi  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Cicatricial ectropion is a complication that can occur after trauma. Scar tissue formation causes anterior lamellae shortening (skin and orbicularis muscle), resulting in outward lid margins rotation.
Case Illustration : A 16 y.o male patient came with complaints of the left upper and lower eyelids folding outwards since 3 months ago after trauma, watery eye. Examination VOD 20/20, VOS 20/50. Scar on the superior and inferior lids, the inferior lid margin is folded out, inferior tarsal conjunctiva is visible, lagophthalmus 4 mm, fissure palpebral vertical (FPV) 12 mm, margin reflex distance (MRD) 1 = 4 mm, MRD2 = 8 mm, fissure palpebral horizontal (FPH) 30 mm, conjunctival injection. Corneal (macular) scars central-peripherally at 3-6 o'clock. Patient was diagnosed with cicatrical ectropion with left eye corneal scar and ectropion repair was performed with full-thickness skin graft from retroarticular. One week and six weeks after surgery, FPV improved to 10 mm, MRD1 = 4, MRD2 = 6 mm, FPH 30 mm, and lagophthalmos 2 mm became 1 mm.
Discussion : Cicatricial ectropion is usually treated in 3 procedures: release vertical scar traction, horizontal lid tightening, repair anterior lamella can be done with full-thickness skin graft. horizontal lid tightening in this case not carried out because of no laxity.
Conclusion : Scar traction release and repair anterior lamella with full-thickness skin graft from retroauricular was choice in this case because extensive defect and ectropion grade 3. After surgery anatomical structure of the lids and looks better aesthetically.
How to Quickly and Affordably Reduce Corneal Neovascularization
Authors: Surya Atmaja  , Elfa Ali Idrus  , Feti Karfiati  , Patriotika Muslima  , Arief Akhdestira Mustaram  , Angga Fajriansyah  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction : Fine needle diathermy (FND) is one of the treatment modalities for corneal neovascularization (CoNV). Occlusion of the CoNV will reduce vascular leakage, thus preserving visual acuity. This case report presents FND as a treatment for CoNV due to ocular rosacea.
Case Illustration : A 25-year-old volleyball athlete came to Cicendo Eye Hospital after experiencing blurry vision for a week, followed by flushing on the face. A general examination revealed telangiectasia and pustules on the central face (Figure 1). Visual acuity was 0.2 RE. A slit-lamp examination revealed hyperemiain the lid margins, oedema, and superficial-stromal neovascularization on the cornea (Figure 2). The patient was diagnosed with blepharo-kerato-conjunctivitis on RE due to ocular rosacea. The patient then underwent FND (Figure 3). The procedure was performed by using a 10.0-gauge needle inserted in the corneal stroma along the CoNV. The vessels were occluded by conducting monophasic diathermy at a power of 1 mA (Figure 4). On the 5th day, corneal oedema and neovascularization were reduced, and visual acuity improved to 0.4 ph 0.5 (Figure 5).
Discussion : Corneal neovascularization may affect corneal transparency and thus reduce visual acuity. FND is relatively affordable and widely available. Compared to another modality, FND has not been widely performed to treat CoNV. A literature search using PubMed or Google Scholar found few case reports or reviews regarding successful cases of FND.
Conclusion : Fine needle diathermy is a safe and effective treatment for CoNV due to ocular rosacea. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the safety and long-term efficacy of FND.
CORRELATION BETWEEN COMPLIANCE OF SPECTACLE WEAR AND MYOPIA PROGRESSIVITY RATE IN MEDICAL STUDENTS OF DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
Authors: Kingwijati Syahriza Naufal , Wildan Arief , Dharma Andhika Guna , Nugroho Trilaksana 
Published: February 2024

Introduction and Objective
Myopia is a refractive error that causes images of distant objects to be focused in front of the retina by the non-accommodating eye. Myopia is one of the most common visual disturbances in the world. It is believed that the use of spectacle can reduce the progressivity rate of myopia. Spectacle can help light fall on the retina and prevent axial elongation of the eye. This theory needs to be investigated further so that it can be used as a reference. This study aimed to know the correlation between compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate in medical students of Diponegoro University (UNDIP).
Methods
This research was an observational analytical study with cross-sectional design on 54 subjects ranging from 18 to 22 years old. Data are primary data obtained from questionnaires and objective eye examinations using an autorefractometer. The research was conducted from October to November 2021. Data were analyzed using Spearman Rank test which p<0,05 was considered significant.
Results
The mean of compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate in medical students of UNDIP are (1,57±0,108) and (0,259±0,515) dioptres respectively. The correlation between compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate are p=0,082 and r=0,239.
Conclusion
There are no correlation between compliance of spectacle wear and myopia progressivity rate in medical students of UNDIP.
BILATERAL SEROUS RETINAL DETACHMENT AS OCULAR MANIFESTATION IN ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Anthea Casey  , Dian Estu Yulia  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is known to cause several ocular involvements. However, retinal detachment is a rare complication. This report aims to present unusual ocular manifestations in the form of bilateral serous retinal detachment in a pediatric patient.
Case Illustration : An 11-year-old girl with a diagnosis of relapsed ALL and thrombocytopenia was referred to the Ophthalmology Department due to sudden blurred vision. The patient was undergoing chemotherapy on the third cycle due to the relapse. Visual acuity was 1/300 in both eyes. Fundus examination showed bilateral serous retinal detachment. No treatment in ophthalmology was given due to the unstable condition of this patient.
Discussion : Up to 90% of all leukemia patients have fundus changes during the disease. The presence of unilateral or bilateral serous retinal detachment as a sign of choroidal infiltration may be one of the manifestations of acute leukemia, both as a primary sign and a relapse. Literature has shown that chemotherapy, radiation, and systemic prednisone would improve the visual acuity in these patients. However, in this case, when the patient is unstable and experiencing a series of complications, we decided that life-saving treatment comes first.
Conclusion : The incidence of ocular involvements in ALL could be due to the treatment and the disease itself. Prompt recognition of disease led to early systemic treatment and restoration of visual function. The goal of sight-saving comes second after life-saving treatments.
Treatment of Corneal Perforation Using Periosteal Graft Technique With the Continuation of Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: ADRIAN PRATAMA  , Petty Purwanita  , Anang Tribowo  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Corneal perforation occurs due to various conditions and management are based on the underlying cause. Modalities to treat corneal leaks is dependent on the size of corneal defect and include tissue adhesive, conjunctival flap, grafts and transplants. Penetrating Keratoplasty (PK) is effective to treat large corneal defect and to improve visual acuity (VA), but unfortunately PK is usually delayed due to availability.
Case Illustration : A 17-years-old teenager was diagnosed with corneal perforation on his left eye, VA at initial visit was 1/300, positive seidel test, and shallow anterior chamber. Patient immediately underwent periosteal graft with subsequent PK surgery one month later. First until eight days postoperatively, VA improved from 3/60 to 6/30. Ten days after PK, a mechanical trauma caused the transplant to be detached, and VA greatly decreased to 1/300. Patient underwent immediate repair surgery. First day after surgery, VA was light perception. Eight days later, VA increased to 1/60 with concurrent iris prolapse. Iris repair was done immediately and eight days later VA increased to 6/60. At day sixteen, the final VA is 6/30.
Discussion : Periosteal graft was performed to maintain ocular integrity. After waiting for a month, PK was performed to improve vision. This combination therapy was successful proven by VA improvement from 1/300 to 6/30.
Conclusion : Periosteal graft is necessary to maintain ocular integrity while waiting for availability of donor cornea. Penetrating keratoplasty is an appropriate procedure for patients with large corneal leaks. It replaces all corneal structures, and it also improve visual function.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DURATION OF GAS EMISSION EXPOSURE AND DRY EYE SYNDROME (DES) ON TAXIBIKE DRIVERS IN CENTRAL JAKARTA
Authors: Muhammad Ferdiansyah  , P. Rahmat Daeli  , Alfoni Parsiska  , Clarissa  , M. Dwi Nugroho  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction & Objectives : Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a breakdown in the natural layer of tears that coats the front of the eye. Air quality in Jakarta indicated to be harmful to human health. The average annual PM 2.5 figure in Central Jakarta recorded 27.6 μg/m3. This figure is far beyond WHO standard that is 10 μg/m3. According to AAO one of the risk factors for dry eyes is exposure/injury to chemicals and the environment (dusty, windy, hot/dry). Therefore duration of traffic related air pollutions exposure may have an effect with the severity of dry eye syndrome on taxibike drivers in Central Jakarta.
Methods : Analytic observation with cross sectional approach. Population was 196 taxibike drivers of Central Jakarta from April-May 2023. Data collection was by means of a questionnaire containing identity,informed consent,duration of exposure,and DES questions accordance with OSDI provisions. The results obtained are then recorded, aggregated, and entered into charts and tables. Hypothesis test used is chi-square.
Results : There were 196 participated in this study. A total of 8 participants(4,1%) with >12hours duration of exposure experienced severe dry eyes, 18 participants(9.2%) experienced moderate, 102 participants(52%) experienced mild dry eyes and the rest was normal(34.6%). According to this, prevalence of DES was more frequent in taxibike drivers who worked 6-12hours more than in <6hours of worked (OR: 1.764) and the severity increased with duration of exposure(p<0.05).
Conclusion : The duration of gas emission exposure has significant correlation with the frequency and severity of DES on taxibike drivers in Central Jakarta.
Bilateral Chronic Papilledema caused by Space Occupying Lesion: A Case Report
Authors: BEATRICE MARIA POLUAN  , STEVANUS PALILIEWU  , ROBBY TUMEWU  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction : Papilledema is edema of optic disc due to raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Papilledema threatens both life and vision, therefore workup for the etiology of raised ICP is needed, including neuroimaging. Intracranial tumors cause increased ICP leads to papilledema. This case report caseof bilateral chronic papilledema as manifestation of space occupying lesion (SOL).
Case Illustration : A 36 years old female presented with blurry black vision on the both eyes since 3 months ago. Complaints were felt suddenly with dominance on the left eye and accompanied with headache. Patient with 12 times history of motorcycle accidents without using helmet in the last 2 years. Funduscopy shows bilateral papilledema. MRI shows orbital within normal limit and solid lobulated mass extra-axial impression in the left posterior parietal region pressing on the left parietooccipital lobe with perifocal edema that obliterates the left lateral ventricle and results in a midline shift to the right. Neurosurgeon had planned for elective craniotomy tumor removal.
Discussion : Increase in the total amount of intracranial tissue by SOL as underlying mechanism of raised ICP. SOL often causes intracranial hemorrhage, which frequently leads to papilledema. High ICP also produces a rise in CSF pressure surrounding the optic nerves leading to axoplasmic flow stasis, causing visual loss. High ICP due to SOL is typically treated surgically.
Conclusion : This case explain that raised ICP caused by SOL leading to manifestation of papilledema.
Management of Post Tumor Resection in Inferolateral Eyelid using Periosteal Flap and Canthoplasty Technique – A Case Report
Authors: CLARA VALENTINA  , Putu Yuliawati  , Ni Made Laksmi Utari  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Eyelid defect repair goals are providing supportive connecting tissue and functional mucosal epithelium. Posterior lamellar reconstruction for tumor resection defect is still challenging. In this case, lower eyelid reconstruction can be accomplished by elevation and rotation of periosteal flap as posterior lamella.
Case Illustration : A 68-years-old male came with inferolateral eyelid mass of Left Eye (LE) that was increasing in last 3 months. On LE examination found solitary cystic cutaneous lesion in inferior palpebra near lateral canthal, sized7x5mm, fixated, regular, and chewy consistency. Anterior of mass has same color as adjacent skin with hyperpigmentation lesion and posterior side was translucent with telangiectasia. He was suspected with LE ductal dd epidermoid cyst.
Discussion : Periosteal flap and canthoplasty is procedure to repair inferolateral eyelid defect that are large to be closed primarily, however it requires adequate lateral canthal skin and tarsal plate. Posterior lamellais restored to create connective tissue framework, proper contour, and vertical canthal height. Tumor was removed and preperiosteal plan inferior to inferior orbital rim was dissected. The anterior lamella then transposed superiorly to make sure it will cover posterior lamellar reconstruction. Periosteal flap from lateral canthal tendon of infraorbital margin was harvested, flap was crossed to form sharp canthal angle and sutured to tarsal edges of lower eyelids as posterior lamella. A week later, LE showed natural contour and good function without eyelid malposition.
Conclusion : Periosteal flap as posterior lamella reconstruction of eyelid defects is effective and efficient to repair eyelid defect due to its simplicity, reliability, and low risk complication.
Epiblepharon Induced Anisometropic Amblyopia : Should We Treat or Observe?
Authors: Syena Damara Riza Gustam  , Ani Ismail  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Previous study reported that epiblepharon strongly associated with astigmatism. Uncorrected refractive errors are considered the most common cause of amblyopia. Amblyopia by pure anisometropia is the one with the best prognosis recovery of visual acuity.
Case Illustration : A children, 9 years old complained of eye discomfort, watery eyes and difficulties in recognizing distant object. After clinical examination and investigations, the patient had visual acuity 5/60 for right eye and 6/18 for left eye was identified as epiblepharon in both eyes with corneal erosion in right eye. The patient underwent repair epiblepharon surgery for right eye and topical antibiotics for corneal erosion. At 2 months after surgery, corneal erosion completely resolved. Best corrected visual acuity 6/21 with spectacle lens S - 1.00 C - 3.00 X 180o positive crowding phenomenon, and 6/6 for left eye with S – 1.00 C - 1.00 X 180o. Topography examination show with-the-rule astigmatism. At 2 month follow up after correction, visual acuity reached 6/6 for both eyes.
Discussion : Epiblepharon induced astigmatism by mechanical force of the eyelid that influences corneal contour. Long term epithelial erosion also contribute to triggers corneal curvature remodelling and induced with-the-rules astigmatism. Diopter differences for astigmatism more than 2.00 D leads to anisometropic amblyopia.
Conclusion : Adequate correction after surgery is proven to recover visual acuity in amblyopia patient caused by epiblepharon
Clinical Feature of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of the Orbit : A First Case Series in Indonesia
Authors: ZENDY SAGITA  , NENI ANGGRAINI  , MUTMAINAH  
Published: February 2024

Introduction : Langer hans histiocytosis (LCH) is an inexplicable disease characterized by proliferation of Langerhans and intermixed with inflammatory cell, in particular eosinophil, which represents only 1% pediatric orbital tumours. Orbital involvement of LCH is a rare clinical entity as the disease simulate variety of malignancies and present as a diagnostic and management dilemma for ophthalmologist.
Case Illustration : Two cases of toddler presented with unilateral progressive upper eyelid swelling and proptosis for more than a month. Both cases has history of orbital trauma 1 month before swelling was observed. Initial CT scan revealed extraconal mass, with destruction of lateral orbital wall and frontal bone. Both patients had histopathological biopsy confirmed eosinophlic cytoplasm. One patient confirmed immunohistochemistry markers S100 and CD1a which is specific for Langerhans cells. Both patients continue with chemotherapy as definitive treatment.
Discussion : LCH is a wide clinical spectrum which manifestation simulate other pediatric orbital malignancies. Case illustration present unilateral eyelid swelling with history of trauma may resemble other diagnosis unless further work up is performed. This case series exhibits clinical manifestations that may be suggestive of LCH. Considering rapid progression of disease, definitive diagnosis is a mandatory based on histopatological analysis through biopsy surgery.
Conclusion : LCH is rare disease, it should be considered as one of deferential diagnosis in pediatric orbital malignancy with initial presentation acute unilateral eyelid swelling, proptosis, history of trauma, extraconal mass and destruction of bones as radiological features. This might be helpful for early recognition and prompt treatment of disease suggestive of LCH.
Serpentine spring design technique for high sensitivity MEMS capacitive accelerometer fabricated by gold multi-layer metal technology
Authors: Miyado Kisuke , Tenneti Devi Srujana , Onishi Akira , Machida Katsuyuki , Kurioka Tomoyuki , Chang Tso-Fu Mark , Sone Masato , Miyake Yoshihiro , Ito Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper describes a design technique for serpentine spring with the edge span beam L/2. In order to improve design accuracy, we investigate the key structure parameters influenced by the fabrication process for MEMS device, comparing finite element analysis (FEA) and analytical models. It is found that the Fedder model as the analytical model is suitable for the spring constant characteristics of FEA with the edge span beam L/2. Further, the thickness and width are found to be the key structure parameters and the dominant factor of variation regarding the serpentine spring. Based on the analysis, we propose a spring design technique. The experimental results show that the variation between the measured data of 4.46 N m−1 and the design value of 4.15 N m−1 was 7.5%, satisfying the target of ±10%. It is confirmed that the proposed technique can establish the serpentine spring for high sensitivity gold proof-mass MEMS accelerometers.
Simulation study of trap-induced noise characteristics in FDSOI MOSFETs
Authors: Xu Jinghan , Fan Mengqi , Sun Zixuan , Liu Fei , Liu Xiaoyan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The trap-induced noise characteristics of fully-depleted SOI (FDSOI) MOSFETs with ultra-thin body and buried oxide are essential for high-performance applications. However, accurate noise modeling and traps identification of the device remains challenging. In this work, we investigate the noise characteristics of FDSOI MOSFETs arising from traps in both the gate dielectric (GD) and the buried oxide (BOX). By using TCAD tool, we examine the noise generated by traps at various energy levels and spatial positions in GD and BOX under different biases. The simulation results reveal that traps in GD and BOX exhibit distinctly different behaviors as Vg increases, providing insights for identifying traps from noise measurement results.
Effect of intended shift in propagation direction of cavitation generation position on coagulation position in bubble-enhanced ultrasonic heating
Authors: Kannoto Sota , Yoshizawa Shin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a noninvasive cancer treatment that uses powerful focused ultrasound energy to coagulate tissue. However, due to its small focal region, this treatment is time-consuming. Therefore, we have focused on the heating effect of cavitation bubbles. The safe utilization of bubbles requires that they are consistently generated and maintained in the treatment area. In this study, the effects of the HIFU focal shift in the direction of ultrasound propagation on the bubble and coagulation regions were investigated by high-speed camera and ultrasound imaging. As a result, the appropriate focal shift of pulses that generates the bubbles prevented expansion of bubble regions and generated coagulation regions with good reproducibility near the treatment target.
Magnetic field tuning of photoelectric and photoluminescence effects in BiFe0.9Co0.1O3 thin film
Authors: Huo Guanzhong , Li Jinyan , Su Chao , Xu Hongyu , Chen Guilin , Chen Shuiyuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The reported BiFe0.9Co0.1O3 film presents an interesting magnetic field tunning effect on the photoelectric properties and photoluminescence spectra. The change rate of the photocurrent up to 123.6% was achieved when applying a 400 Oe magnetic field to the film, which is attributed to the spin scattering of photoelectrons in the film. The experimental result of the magnetic field tuning photoluminescence spectra indicates that the magnetic field inhibits the radiative transition of the photogenerated carriers in the thin film and therefore reduces the intensity of photoluminescence. This research provides a basis for the research and application of devices in the field of multifunctional photoelectric materials.