bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Actual outpatient PTCA: Results of the OUTCLAS pilot study
Authors: Slagboom Ton , Kiemeneij Ferdinand , Laarman Gert Jan , van der Wieken Ron , Odekerken Diego 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis study tested the safety and feasibility of coronary angioplasty on an outpatient basis. The purpose of this approach includes cost‐effectiveness and patient comfort. Included were 159 patients treated with balloon angioplasty or intracoronary stent placement, all performed via the radial artery with 6 French guiding catheters. Patients were selected for same‐day discharge based on the absence of any adverse predictor for subacute occlusion or unfavorable clinical outcome during the first 24 hr after successful PTCA. One hundred and six (66%) patients were discharged 4–6 hr after PTCA. Stents were used in 40% of patients. There were no cardiac or vascular complications. We conclude that outpatient PTCA, performed via the radial artery, is both safe and feasible in a large part of a routine PTCA population. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;53:204–208. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intra‐arterial thrombolysis (reteplase) and ReoPro for subacute thrombosis of the distal aorta accomplished by radial arterial access: The radial‐kissing‐thrombolytic technique
Authors: de la Serna Fernando A. , Tolleson Thaddeus R. , Crowley James J. , Stack Richard S. , Zidar James P. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA 33‐year‐old woman with subacute thrombosis of the distal aorta after aorto‐bi‐iliac stenting had local thrombolysis with reteplase in conjunction with systemic abciximab. The infusion was given as a bolus and then continuously for 14 hr by radial artery access with two selective kissing catheters. Patency of the stented segments was achieved with this technique in conjunction with resolution of her clinical symptoms. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;53:264–268. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Absolute configuration of 3‐hydroxy acids formed by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: Application of multidimensional gas chromatography and circular dichroism spectroscopy
Authors: Weil Kerstin , Humpf Hans‐Ulrich , Schwab Wilfried , Schreier Peter 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe soil bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was found to transform various long‐chain fatty acids selectively into 3‐hydroxy fatty acids of shorter chain length. Their chiral evaluation was performed by multidimensional gas chromatography (MDGC) on modified cyclodextrin phase comparing the enantiodistribution of 1,3‐diol formed without loss of stereochemical information from a representative microbial product with those of synthetic (3RS)‐ and (3S)‐1,3‐diols. Enantiomeric excesses of 84–98% (R) were determined for the microbially produced 3‐hydroxy acids. In addition, the CD exciton chirality method was applied to determine their absolute configuration. Derivatization with 9‐anthryldiazomethane and 2‐naphthoylimidazole led to the required bichromophoric structures. Their CD spectra displayed a positive first Cotton effect around 254 nm and a negative second Cotton effect around 237 nm, which confirmed the (R)‐configuration of the bacterial products. Chirality 14:51–58, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Toward catalytic rigid‐rod β‐barrels: A hexamer with multiple histidines
Authors: Das Gopal , Sakai Naomi , Matile Stefan 
Published: September 2002

AbstractRigid‐rod β‐barrels are composed of interdigitating, short, amphiphilic peptide strands that are flanked by stabilizing rigid‐rod “staves.” As a first step toward the construction of catalytic rigid‐rod β‐barrels, we here report synthesis and study of a new barrel designed to comprise alternating leucine and histidine residues at the inner and lysine and glutamate residues at the outer barrel surface. Synthesis of p‐octiphenyls with lateral tripeptide strands followed procedures described previously. Barrel formation by programmed assembly of complementary tripeptide‐p‐octiphenyl rods was monitored by circular dichroism (CD). CD‐mixing curves (Job‐plots) were consistent with 1:1‐stoichiometry. Guanidinium chloride denaturation experiments gave a ΔGH20 = −1.8 kcal mol−1 with a C50 = 1.9 M. Size exclusion chromatography suggested quantitative formation of a hexamer. Facile barrel deconstruction by acid and divalent cations demonstrated the presence of internal, nonproximal histidines. Inclusion complex formation with fluorescent guests corroborated internal hydrophobicity of β‐barrel hosts and potential for intratoroidal catalysis. Chirality 14:18–24, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Narcotic drug methohexital: Synthesis by enantioselective catalysis
Authors: Brunner Henri 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe narcotic drug methohexital 1 contains two asymmetric carbon atoms and, thus, consists of four isomers, two diastereomeric pairs of enantiomers. The commercial drug is the so‐called α‐racemate, one pair of diastereomers only. A method was developed to prepare differently enriched mixtures of methohexital isomers without resorting to lengthy and expensive optical resolutions. A model reaction for the synthesis of methohexital is the palladium‐catalyzed allylation of 1,5‐dimethyl‐barbituric acid 3, which is optimized and checked by molecular modeling. Catalysts with the best ligands are used in the allylation of the methohexital precursor 7, which contains the C6 sidechain at the tetrahedral center of the barbiturate skeleton. The product stereochemistry was determined by the contribution of the enantioselective Pd catalysts and by the fact that the allylation is a kinetic resolution. The methohexital isomer mixtures obtained were evaluated with the corneal stimulus test of rats. Methohexital compositions were found, which are superior to the commercially used α‐racemate (Brevimytal®). Chirality 13:420–424, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Formation of highly enantioenriched microenvironments by stochastic sorting of conglomerate crystals: A plausible mechanism for generation of enantioenrichment on the prebiotic earth
Authors: Welch Christopher J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAbiotic generation of local areas of enantioenrichment is to be expected whenever one deals with the 5–10% of organic solids that crystallize as conglomerates. Since an individual crystal of a conglomerate contains only a single enantiomer, simple sorting processes involving winds, waves, or similar forces can act to deposit individual crystals into unique environments. Subsequent dissolution may afford nearly enantiopure solutions. Therefore, in contrast to common perception, enantioenrichment is not a unique signature of living systems, it is simply evidence of a certain degree of chemical complexity. Chirality 13:425–427, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Why are the terpenoid indole alkaloids of type I homochiral?
Authors: Beke Gyula , Patthy‐Lukáts Ágnes , Podányi Benjamin , Szabó László F. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn the presence of the enzyme strictosidine synthase, the coupling reaction of secologanin and tryptamine is completely stereoselective and affords strictosidine with 3S configuration, exclusively. The stereoselectivity is transferred and retained in most indole alkaloids of type I in which C‐3 is not involved in subsequent reactions. By using results of model reactions, the stereoselectivity was interpreted by the bulkiness of the enzyme temporarily attached to the N‐4 atom in the formation of the indolenine intermediate. 3S configuration is kept in the subsequent 1,2‐rearrangement into the β‐carboline structure. In the formation of the oxindole derivatives, the 3S configuration is preferred, but not necessarily complete. Chirality 13:483–487, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kerogen‐bound and free hopanoic acids in the messel oil shale kerogen
Authors: Abbott Geoffrey D. , Bashir F. Zahra , Sugden Mark A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe distribution of the free and bound hopanoic acids in both unheated and heated (350°C for 50 h) kerogens, isolated from the Messel oil shale, were analyzed by GC‐MS. The bound acids were released by subjecting the kerogen to three different treatments, namely, thermochemolysis in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), as well as basic and acidic hydrolyses. All of these methods gave a series of hopanoic acids ranging from C30 to C34, in which the biological 17β, 21β(H) configuration is prominent. Both 22R and 22S epimers are present for the C30 acid, whereas the others are dominated by the sidechain 22R‐configuration. Thermochemolysis in the presence of TMAH was the most efficient in releasing kerogen‐bound hopanoids. Following pyrolysis, the acids are generated and released into the free fraction with apparent epimerization occurring at C‐17, C‐21, and C‐22. The bound hopanoic acids may be both chemically bonded as well as possibly being physically encapsulated within the macromolecular fraction of sedimentary organic matter. They are therefore either generated by breaking the bonds which bind them to the kerogen or they are released as a result of the macromolecular cage being broken apart. Chirality 13:510–516, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Organisation and maturation of the human thalamus as revealed by CD15
Authors: Forutan F. , Mai J.K. , Ashwell K.W.S. , Lensing‐Höhn S. , Nohr D. , Voss T. , Bohl J. , Andressen C. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe distribution of the CD15 antigen (CD15, 3‐fucosyl‐N‐acetyl‐lactosamine, Lewis x) has been studied immunohistochemically in the fetal human thalamus. Its changing patterns could be related to three successive, but overlapping, periods primarily due to its association with radial glial cells, neuropil, and neural cell bodies, respectively. From 9 weeks of gestation (wg), a subset of CD15‐positive radial glial cells distinguished the neuroepithelium of the ventral thalamus, a characteristic also seen in the developing mouse. Distal processes of the radial glial cells converged at the root of the forebrain choroid tenia, which was also CD15 positive. From 13 wg until approximately 20 wg, CD15‐positive neuropil labeling marked the differentiation areas of prospective nuclei within the dorsal thalamus and progressively outlined their territories in a time sequence, which appeared specific for each nucleus. CD15 labeling of differentiating nuclei of the ventral, medial, anterior, and intralaminar thalamic divisions showed a transient topographic relationship with restricted areas of the ventricular wall. After 26 wg, CD15 immunoreactivity was observed in subpopulations of glial cells and neurons. Transient CD15 immunoreactivity was also found in delimited compartments within the subventricular region. The time of CD15 expression, its location, and cellular association suggest that CD15 is involved in segmentation of diencephalon, in the specification of differentiating nuclear areas and initial processes regarding the formation of intercellular contacts and cellular maturation. J. Comp. Neurol. 437:476–495, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Boundary solution of Poisson's equation using radial basis function collocated on Gaussian quadrature nodes
Authors: Elansari M. , Ouazar D. , Cheng A. H.‐D. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn the solution of Poisson's equation using either the dual reciprocity boundary element method or the method of fundamental solution, radial basis functions (RBFs) are used to approximate the right‐hand side of the governing partial differential equation to eliminate the domain integration. This paper shows that if the RBF interpolation is collocated on the Gaussian quadrature nodes, we seem to observe superconvergence behaviour. This behaviour is demonstrated using a series of numerical examples. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A control analysis of interaction problem by fluid force
Authors: Kato Shoichiro , Suda Shojiro , Imazu Kazuaki , Nakane Hiroshi , Kawahara Mutsuto 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper presents a control analysis of displacement for a building. To control the vertical displacement of the building, control device of multi‐balloons with water inside is introduced on the friction piles. Coupling through the water, soil, balloon and pile, the interaction problem is numerically solved. The soil is assumed to be a linear elastic body. The balloon and pile are also modelled as linear elastic truss and rigid‐frame components. The water is assumed to be the two‐dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes flow. All components are discretized by the finite element method in space. The control analysis of vertical displacement by fluid force is performed for the purpose of keeping the building horizontal. One of the optimal control theory, the so‐called Sakawa–Shindo method, is applied for the control analysis. Using this method, control flux of the water is determined so that position at the top of the balloon comes to be close to the objective position. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Some modifications to Hering's opponent‐colors theory
Authors: Nayatani Y. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractSome modifications are made to the achromatic color perceptions in Hering's opponent‐colors theory. They are the introduction of the reference color Gray and the use of the orthogonal coordinate system. The modified opponent‐colors theory has a symmetrical structure for the three opponent‐colors axes, whiteness‐grayness‐blackness, redness‐grayness‐greenness, and yellowness‐grayness‐blueness, and it unifies the Hunt and the Stevens and Jameson–Hurvich effects. It is also noted that two kinds of color‐appearance spaces exist. One is the color‐appearance space derived from color perceptions of object colors (called the CPS color‐appearance space). The other is that modeled from their colorimetric values for predicting color perceptions (called the UCS color‐appearance space). The CPS color‐appearance space is mainly described in this article. Scaling of the CPS color‐appearance space and the existence of the reference color perception Gray are discussed in detail. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, 290–304, 2001
Functional series TARMA modelling and simulation of earthquake ground motion
Authors: Fouskitakis G. N. , Fassois S. D. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe non‐stationary Functional Series time‐dependent autoregressive moving average (TARMA) modelling and simulation of earthquake ground motion is considered. Full Functional Series TARMA models, capable of modelling both resonances and antiresonances, are examined for the first time via a novel mixed parametric/non‐parametric estimation scheme, and critical comparisons with pure TAR and recursive ARMA (RARMA)‐recursive maximum likelihood (RML) adaptive filtering type modelling are made. The study is based upon two California ground motion signals: a 1979 El Centro accelerogram and a 1994 Pacoima Dam accelerogram. A systematic analysis, employing various functional subspaces and model orders, leads to two Haar function based models: a TARMA(2,4)8 model for the El Centro case and a TARMA(6,2)10 model for the Pacoima Dam case. Both models are formally validated and their simulation (synthesis) capabilities are demonstrated via Monte Carlo experiments focusing on important time domain signal characteristics. The Functional Series TAR/TARMA models are shown to achieve parsimony, as well as superior accuracy and simulation capabilities, over their RARMA counterparts. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Toward a practical method for estimating sediment‐transport rates in gravel‐bed rivers
Authors: Wilcock Peter R. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractEstimates of sediment transport rates in gravel‐bed rivers are typically developed from formulae or from a sampling campaign. The former are notoriously inaccurate; the latter require a large effort and may still not achieve acceptable accuracy. A wide range of geomorphological problems, particularly those at the watershed scale, could be addressed more accurately if reliable local estimates of transport rate could be incorporated routinely into such studies. This requires a method for estimating transport rate with acceptable accuracy and a minimum of effort. A consistent approach to estimating transport is not just a matter of which formula or sampler to use; a suitable approach requires a consistent and reliable scaling of the water discharge and an integral description of the sediment that is both meaningful and practical. An approach proposed here, using a few observations of small transport rates to calibrate a transport formula, is likely to provide a superior combination of accuracy and effort and substantially reduces flow‐scaling error. Small transport rates can be measured effectively using pit samplers, which allow the sampling periods needed for accurate measurements. Grain size can be represented as two fractions, sand and gravel, which capture some of the important transport dynamics and effectively represent important environmental problems within a tractable methodological approach. The approach is nearly independent of the uncertainty associated with measuring slope and bed grain‐size in the field. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Army Environmental Policy and ISO 14001
Authors: Sinclair Rick , Tschirhart Rochie 
Published: September 2002

AbstractSince the 1970s, the U.S. Army has instituted environmental policies, programs, regulations, and management
systems to ensure that its mission and support activities have minimal effects on the environment and comply
with national policy. In recent years, the Army has incorporated environmental management systems
(EMSs) at some installations through the DOD ISO 14001 EMS pilot program, in anticipation of Executive
Order 13148, Greening the Government through Leadership in Environmental Management.1
While the EO does not require an EMS to be ISO 14001 compliant, many federal agencies are considering modeling
their EMS after ISO 14001. This article presents how well current Army‐wide policy and guidance aligns
with the ISO 14001 environmental management standard and offers opportunities for improvements in policy.When viewed from a corporate perspective, the Army generally has the major components for an ISO 14001 EMS,
which include environmental policy, planning, implementation and operations, checking and corrective action, and
management review. Army policies and guidance that provide the framework and demonstrate general conformance
with ISO 14001 fall into three groups: (1) strategies and plans (the Army Environmental Strategy
into the 21st Century, the Army Strategic Environmental Assessment,2 and the Army
Environmental Campaign Plan and Operational Directive); (2) Army regulations (AR)
for management, organization and function, and the environment; and (3) program management processes,
reports, and databases (e.g., EPR, ISR II, EQR, ECAS, and EQCC). Additional documentation needed to
meet ISO 14000 criteria include: (1) the unifying policy and guidance that integrates and streamlines
the Army EMS; (2) a comprehensive assessment system that focuses on the management of the Army
Environmental Program; (3) systems for updating administrative publications (e.g., ARs)
in a timely manner (i.e., AR 200‐1, Environmental Protection and Enhancement, and AR 200‐3,
National Resources—Land, Forest, and Wildlife Management); and (4) new policy and
procedures for Army outreach. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Citizen Advisory Boards and Public Involvement: The Role of Citizens in Public Decision Making, Post–Cold War Demilitarization, and Environmental Cleanup
Authors: Walker Paul F. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe demise of the Cold War in the late 1980s catalyzed a dramatic reduction in standing armies and widespread
closure of military bases throughout the two competing alliances, the Warsaw Treaty Organization
(WTO), also known as the Warsaw Pact, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
Similarly, the dismemberment of the WTO and the breakup of the Soviet Union have led to major reductions in
Russian and East European forces. These historic contractions in Russian, American, and allied militaries at the
end of the twentieth century and the Cold War have presented a number of major challenges to each country. One
major challenge is environmental—how to destroy millions of tons of obsolete, dangerous, and costly war
munitions and weapons inventories, and how to clean up the polluted legacies that capital‐intensive
militaries have left behind on military bases and civilian communities. This article traces the development of
mechanisms to increase the role of citizens in public decision making involving post–Cold War
demilitarization and environmental cleanup. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Livestock Revenue Insurance
Authors: Hart Chad E. , Babcock Bruce A. , Hayes Dermot J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis study outlines several possible structures for livestock revenue insurance. The policies take the form of an exotic option, an Asian basket option. The actuarially fair premiums for these policies are equal to the prices of the options they represent. Because of the complexity of pricing Asian basket options, we combined two techniques for pricing options to reach the actuarially fair premiums. Projected premiums, producer welfare, and program efficiency are evaluated for the insurance products and existing market tools. Using efficiency ratios and certainty equivalent returns, we compare the insurance policies to strategies involving existing futures and options. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 21:553–580, 2001
Rapid effects of triiodothyronine on immediate‐early gene expression in Schwann cells
Authors: Mercier Gilles , Turque Nathalie , Schumacher Michael 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn the peripheral nervous system, triiodothyronine (T3) plays an important role in the development and regeneration of nerve fibers and in myelin formation. However, the target genes of T3 in peripheral nerves remain to be identified. We investigated whether T3 activated genes of transcription factors in Schwann cells. Expression of egr‐1 (krox‐24), egr‐2 (krox‐20), egr‐3, c‐jun, junB, c‐fos, fosB, fra‐1, fra‐2, and CREB genes was analyzed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) in Schwann cells isolated from neonatal rat sciatic nerves and in the cell lines MSC‐80 (mouse Schwann cells), NIH‐3T3 (mouse fibroblasts), and CHO (Chinese hamster ovary cells). Some of these transcription factors have been shown to be involved in Schwann cell differentiation. T3 triggered a rapid (15–30 min), transient (1–2‐h) and strong (6‐ to 15‐fold) stimulation of Egr‐1, Egr‐2, Egr‐3, Jun B, c‐Fos, and Fos B mRNA expression in Schwann cells. In contrast, expression of c‐Jun, Fra‐1, Fra‐2, and CREB mRNA was not affected by T3. The stimulatory effects of T3 could be abolished by adding actinomycin D. T3 triggered the same pattern of gene stimulation in the mouse Schwann cell line MSC80, but not in the NIH‐3T3 and CHO cell lines. Serum activated all the genes that responded to T3 and in addition fra‐1 and fra‐2, but not c‐jun and CREB. Immunoblotting showed that the increase in Egr‐1 and c‐Fos mRNA levels was accompanied by an increase in the corresponding proteins. In addition, shifts of the protein bands indicated a posttranslational modification of the two proteins. These effects of T3 are likely to be mediated by the intracellular T3 receptor, as the D‐isomer RT3 and T0, which do not bind to T3 receptors, proved ineffective. The present data suggested that T3 may regulate Schwann cell functions and differentiation by transiently activating the expression of specific transcription factors. GLIA 35:81–89, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.