bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract A071: Results from cancer clinical trials health education in racial/ethnically diverse populations
Authors: Moseley Michelle , Pardo Eva , Andemeskel Ghila , Rhoads Kim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: The University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), a National Cancer Institute (NCI) designated comprehensive cancer center implemented NCI’s Clinical Trials (CT) Education Initiative to promote awareness and conduct culturally tailored clinical trials engagement and education in racial/ethnically diverse populations. CT are studies that test ways to prevent, find and treat disease and ensure safety & effectiveness. Racial/ethnic groups have both the highest death rate and shortest survival rate for most cancers. Minority population CT participation is low and more diverse enrollment is needed for progress toward health equity. Methods: UCSF Community Health Educators engaged community partners and conducted CT education. Topics included what are clinical trials, how they work and advance progress, the value of diversity & inclusion, types and phases of CTs, informed consent, myths & facts, mistrust, other concerns & barriers, how to find & enroll in CT & sources for more information. Education sessions were evaluated using a 17-item pre-/post- survey to measure changes in CT knowledge and intention to participate. Changes in knowledge scores were assessed using the Wilcoxon Signed-rank sum test; changes in intent were assessed using the McNemar test. Results: There were 300 total participants (N=300 completed pre/post). Respondents: 76.5% female, 23.5% male; 53 average age; 70.9% African American, 1.4% American Indian, 8.4% Asian, 10.9% Latino, 1.7% Pacific Islander, 3.9% White & 2.8% Multiracial. CT education significantly increased overall knowledge, the intention to seek out CT information and join CT. Clinical trials knowledge score ranged from 0 to 11 pre-education, 4 to 11 post, and improved by 0.50 points (4.6%). Post-education respondents strongly agreed or agreed: 74% to talk to a healthcare provider about CT; 77% importance of people of color CT participation; 48% intend to join a CT. Conclusion: CT education is a strategy to address cancer health disparities through community engaged partnerships & education and demonstrated efficacy in increasing awareness & knowledge of CT and advanced intent to enroll.
Citation Format: Michelle Moseley, Eva Pardo, Ghila Andemeskel, Kim Rhoads. Results from cancer clinical trials health education in racial/ethnically diverse populations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A071.
Abstract A088: The impact of race and rurality on employment disparities for cancer survivors
Authors: Allen Jaimi Mimi L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Advancements in cancer diagnosis and treatment have resulted in improvements in survivor outcomes; however, cancer survivors are more likely to experience adverse employment outcomes such as job loss, reduced working hours, and early retirement. These adverse experiences are exacerbated by race/ethnicity and rurality. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine employment disparities among a diverse group of cancer survivors. Methods: Our study collected data from 29,136 cancer survivors (ages 18–65) between 2015 and 2021 using electronic health records (EHR) and linked to cancer registry data. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate the association between employment and study variables (race, ethnicity, rurality, sex, education, marital status, age at diagnosis, cancer type). Results: A total of 7,296 patients had available information on employment. Approximately 61% of cancer survivors were employed, 28% were not employed, 9% were disabled, 2% were retired. Logistic regression adjusted results revealed a positive association between employment and marriage or having a significant other, while racial and ethnic minority adults, rurality, and certain age categories were less likely to be employed. Unadjusted results showed a positive association between employment and education. Conclusion: The positive impact of education and relationship status (married or having a significant other) should be further explored to find mitigating strategies for adverse health and employment outcomes for cancer survivors. With the rise of cancer survivorship, more research should focus on finding equitable interventions and strategies for cancer survivors to return to work if desired.
Citation Format: Jaimi Mimi L. Allen. The impact of race and rurality on employment disparities for cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A088.
Abstract A089: Examining the role of Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) on adherence to cancer prevention recommendations: Evidence from a national representative sample
Authors: Aroh Adaeze , Madujibeya Ifeanyi N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The role of Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) on adherence to cancer prevention recommendations has not been systematically examined among adults in the United States adults despite the influential role of SDoH in shaping individuals' health behaviors and outcomes. Our purpose was to explore the effects of SDoH on adherence to cancer prevention recommendations among adults in the United States Methods: We used data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), 6 cycle (2022). Adults aged 18 years and above were included. Adherence to cancer prevention recommendations was measured with the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations Score. SDoH was measured based on the American Cancer society's five core SDOH domains (economic stability, social and community context, neighborhood and built environment, education access, and healthcare access). Weighted hierarchical multiple regression models were conducted using each domain of SDOH as a block, controlling for age, gender, race, selfcare efficacy, cormorbidity, cancer risk perception and belief about cancer, Jackknife replicate weights were incorporated into the analyses. Results: The sample consisted of 6252 respondents with a mean age of 55.6 (SD, 17.4) years, The estimated mean adherence rate to cancer prevention recommendations among adults in the United States was 40.4% (SD 21.8) .Adherence to cancer prevention recommendations was positively associated with having a college education compare to less than high school education (Odd Ratio [OR], 6.29, P = .019), combined household income of $75,000 and above compare to combined household income of less than $20,000 ( OR, 5.11 , P= .014) , retired compared to full-time employement ( OR, 4.87, P &lt; .001), access to health insurance compared to lack of health insurance (OR, 4.01, P= .020). These findings suggest that interventions targeting the effects of SDoH on cancer on adherence to cancer prevention recommendations may consider the socioeconomic context of targeted individuals. Such interventions should focus on addressing barriers related to education access, income stability, employment status and healthcare access.
Citation Format: Adaeze Aroh, Ifeanyi N. Madujibeya. Examining the role of Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) on adherence to cancer prevention recommendations: Evidence from a national representative sample [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A089.
Abstract A102: Evaluating relationship between food environment and pancreatic cancer demographics and outcomes
Authors: Vudatha Vignesh , Liu Christopher , He Jian , Freudenberger Devon , Wages Nolan , Trevino Jose 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Various socioeconomic factors have been investigated in the context of pancreatic cancer outcomes. However, the impact of factors relating to one’s ability to access healthy food such as food desert residence have not been studied. This study aimed to utilize a state-wide cancer database to explore the intersectionality of food desert residence with other patient socioeconomic factors as well their respective relationships with pancreatic cancer survival. Methods: The Virginia Department of Health Cancer Registry was queried for patients between 18 and 89 years of age who were diagnosed with a primary pancreatic malignancy during the 2009-2018 time frame. Patient addresses at presentation were mapped onto the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Access Research Atlas to determine food desert residence. Demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment characteristics, and survival data were collected. R version 4.3.0 (Vienna, Austria) was utilized to assess data via descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Patients’ age at diagnosis, insurance types, and race were significantly associated with their food desert residential status at baseline. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that while receipt of surgery and chemotherapy (p &lt; 0.0001) were associated with decreased mortality, food desert status was not substantially associated with mortality risk within this cohort. In the fully adjusted Cox regression model, patients in the Other race category (mostly Asian Americans) had a statistically lower hazard ratio compared to Caucasian patients (adjusted HR 0.62; 95% CI 0.39-0.97). Patients with private insurance (adjusted HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.24-0.87), Medicare/Medicaid (adjusted HR 0.46; 95% CI 0.24-0.88), or other type insurance (adjusted HR 0.36; 95% CI 0.17-0.78) had lower hazard ratios compared to those who were uninsured. Conclusions: Patient food desert residence status and other socioeconomic factors are interconnected. While living in a food desert alone was not associated with pancreatic cancer survival, race and insurance status were found to be predictors of decreased mortality risk. Future studies are warranted to investigate the disease characteristics and survival profile of patients with both low access to healthy foods and low income.
Citation Format: Vignesh Vudatha, Christopher Liu, Jian He, Devon Freudenberger, Nolan Wages, Jose Trevino. Evaluating relationship between food environment and pancreatic cancer demographics and outcomes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A102.
Abstract A117: Operational strategies for achieving NCI comprehensive cancer center community outreach and engagement objectives: Impact and logic models
Authors: Salinas Manisha , Albertie Monica , Murrell Doug , Odedina Folakemi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: The National Cancer Institute’s (NCI) Cancer Center Support Grants (CCSGs) encourages Cancer Centers to address health disparities and reduce the cancer burden in their Catchment Area (CA) through an organized Community Outreach and Engagement (COE) structure. COE activities focus on engaging communities to address cancer needs through bidirectional partnership, facilitation of research that meets community needs, and the implementation of evidence-based practices. Methods: Following a 2018 “satisfactory to good” rating for COE, the Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center (MCCCCC) developed a transition team to specifically address the critique and create a transformative plan for engaging communities to address cancer burden in the CA. An impact model was developed to illustrate the components of the CCSG and connect those components to short- and long-term COE outcomes. A logic model was developed to track and monitor activities for continuous process improvement for all COE activities. Results: The impact and logic model serve as a roadmap to monitor progress towards short- and long-term COE goals of the MCCCC. The COE operational strategies draw upon bidirectional partnership, evidence-based practices, and research facilitation to respond to the CCSG critique. Conclusion: These strategies demonstrate successful practices in addressing cancer burden, promoting health equity and eliminating cancer disparities in the MCCCC CA.
Citation Format: Manisha Salinas, Monica Albertie, Doug Murrell, Folakemi Odedina. Operational strategies for achieving NCI comprehensive cancer center community outreach and engagement objectives: Impact and logic models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A117.
Abstract B001: The effect of chronic psychological stress during puberty and early adulthood on breast cancer risk and development
Authors: Banks Briana , Brady Matthew 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the United States. Puberty is a well-established sensitive period in women when breast cancer (BC) risk is increased by the physical environment for example exposure to chemical carcinogens, synthetic estrogens, endocrine disrupters, radiation, etc. However, relatively little is known about effects of exposure to chronic psychological stress from the social environment during this time period (puberty and early adulthood). In previous studies using the Sprague-Dawley rat model of spontaneous mammary cancer, chronically heightened glucocorticoid stress reactivity arising from imposed social isolation after weaning increased duration of glucocorticoid release in response to everyday stressors, impeded mammary gland ductal development, and caused earlier and more aggressive mammary gland cancer incidence during adulthood. However due to the period of isolation lasting from weaning to death, a critical time period in which these changes occurred was not established. Here we found that chronic social isolation only during puberty and early adulthood results in alterations in mammary gland gene expression patterns and preservation of mammary stem/progenitor cells. We have observed that social isolation beginning at five weeks and ending at 21 weeks leads to a 4-fold increase in the key metabolic lipogenic enzymes ATP citrate lyase (ACLY; p-value = 0.008), 2-fold increase in acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Acaca; p-value=0.01), and 1.88-fold change in stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1; p-value = 0.50). Interestingly, we have also observed that social isolation during this time period, leads to a slight decrease (0.70-fold change) in hexokinase 2 (HK2; p-value= 0.007). Regarding mammary stem/progenitor cell preservation, we found that social isolation beginning at five weeks and ending at 17 weeks leads to a significant increase in the number of mammary gland stem/progenitor cells (isolated by FACS sorting). This correlation was only observed in response to corticosterone reactivity, and null to exposure to estrogen or progesterone. In summary, our findings suggest that social isolation during puberty and early adulthood correlates to increased glucocorticoid exposure resulting in metabolic reprogramming in the mammary gland and inappropriate preservation of mammary stem/progenitor cells. Altogether these factors may increase the risk of mammary cancer occurrence later in adulthood.
Citation Format: Briana Banks, Matthew Brady. The effect of chronic psychological stress during puberty and early adulthood on breast cancer risk and development [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B001.
Abstract B003: Inhibition of cell growth and migration by polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors of a mutant KRAS Black American lung cancer cell line involves MAPK pathway activation and disruption of the cytoskeleton
Authors: Ofosu-Asante Kweku 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
KRAS mutations are the most common oncogenic mutations in lung adenocarcinoma in Black Americans. Polyisoprenylated Cysteinyl Amide Inhibitors (PCAIs) constitute a group of potential cancer therapy agents that we designed to specifically disrupt and suppress hyperactive G-protein signaling, as caused by mutated RAS proteins. Here we investigate the effects of PCAIs on the viability, G-protein levels, downstream mediators, cytoskeletal structure, focal adhesion protein and apoptosis-related proteins on the KRAS-mutated, Black American-derived lung adenocarcinoma cell line, NCI-H23. Western blotting was used to determine the effect of the PCAIs on the phosphorylation levels of MAPK pathway enzymes. After 48-hour exposure to 5 μM of the PCAIs, 57 ± 3.6 to 150 ± 4.1 % increases of BRAF, MEK1/2, ERK1/2, and p90RSK phosphorylation along with a 60 ± 6.5 to 78 ± 4.0 % decrease of pRAF1 phosphorylation were observed, indicating significant changes in RAS signaling. Furthermore, 5 μM of NSL-YHJ-2-27 depleted the singly polyisoprenylated monomeric G-proteins RAC 1/2/3 and CDC42 by 77 ± 5.5 and 76 ± 2.0 %, respectively. The depletion of these key cytoskeletal proteins, and collapse of F-actin and vinculin punctates, may account for the observed inhibition of cell migration after 72-hour exposure to NSL-YHJ-2-27 and NSL-YHJ-2-46, respectively. The invasion area of 3D NCI-H23 spheroids after treatment with 10 μM of NSL-YHJ-2-27 and NSL-YHJ-2-46 decreased by 87 ± 0.1% and 92 ± 0.3 %, respectively. Treatment with 0.5 μM NSL-YHJ-2-27 and NSL-YHJ-2-46 caused cell rounding and reduction of mean cell areas by 30 ± 5.0 and 42 ± 0.6 %, respectively. Mean cell area occupied by vinculin punctates decreased by 51 ± 2.6 % and 31 ± 2.8 % after exposure to 0.5 μM NSL-YHJ-2-27 and NSL-YHJ-2-46, respectively. NSL-YHJ-2-27 (5 μM) depleted full-length inactive caspase 3 and 7 levels by 72 ± 5.8 and 91 ± 7.0 %, respectively. These findings show the direct effects of the PCAIs on the KRAS signaling pathway thereby supporting their continuous development as potential targeted therapies for cancers with RAS mutations.
Citation Format: Kweku Ofosu-Asante. Inhibition of cell growth and migration by polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors of a mutant KRAS Black American lung cancer cell line involves MAPK pathway activation and disruption of the cytoskeleton [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B003.
Abstract B028: Antiproliferative effect of a cathepsin L inhibitor on hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Crown Olamide O. , Ogungbe Ifedayo V. , Noubissi Felicite K. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Liver cancer has emerged as one of the fastest-growing malignancies in the United States, despite an overall decline in cancer incidence and mortality rates. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits significant gender and race/ethnicity differences in incidence and mortality. The need to address this escalating problem necessitates the development of novel and effective chemotherapeutic agents for HCC. The antiproliferative actions of two cathepsin L inhibitors (compounds 1 and 2) using in vitro and mice HCC xenograft models were investigated in this study. In addition, the ability of the compounds to inhibit CatB and generate ROS in HCC cell lines was investigated. The inhibitors have antiproliferative effects on Hep G2 and Hep 3B cell lines with low micromolar IC 50 values. Compound 1 preferentially inhibits both recombinant and endogenous CatL in a time-dependent manner compared to CatB. The levels of ROS produced when cells were treated with compound 1 were non-significant compared with vehicle-treated controls . Given the superior efficacy of compound 1 over its analog in antiproliferative studies, it was advanced to in vitro ADME studies. The inhibitor has bidirectional cellular permeability and is not a substrate for the P-glycoprotein efflux pump (P-gp). In mice, it produced a significant reduction in the sizes of subcutaneous tumors with no gross toxicity. Transcriptomics analysis using RNA-Seq revealed that the cell migration pathway was enriched in a time and dose-dependent manner. In addition, genes responsible for apoptosis and cell structural organization were overexpressed. Overall, the CatL inhibitors under investigation appear as promising starting points for investigation as potential chemotherapy against HCC.
Citation Format: Olamide O. Crown, Ifedayo V. Ogungbe, Felicite K. Noubissi. Antiproliferative effect of a cathepsin L inhibitor on hepatocellular carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B028.