bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religions of Hope: Allies In The Sky
Authors: Scioli Anthony , Biller Henry B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Philosopher Huston Smith relied on the language of the performing arts to introduce his classic text on world religions. Borrowing from Nietzsche, he encouraged readers to become “cosmic dancers,” able to “leap beyond” a singular view of the universe. Smith fervently believed that there was much to gain by sampling the faith of others. He added that the different belief systems could be viewed collectively as a part of a “mysterious harmony” or treated individually as essential contributors to a “solid chorus.” In this chapter, the pluralism that Smith espoused is presented as a “motivational tapestry” of alternative faith sources and “hope constructions.”
Mastery and Inspiration: Your Life is Calling
Authors: Scioli Anthony , Biller Henry B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter can help you to become more hopeful in your quest for mastery. This chapter is not about get-rich-quick schemes, ill-advised power plays, or stock formulas for immediate gratification. Instead, we hope to provide a more transcendent and enduring set of principles for directing your life with greater clarity and purpose.
To develop a true sense of mastery, an individual must have a will for hope, a feeling of mediated power, and one or more guiding aspirations. In our discussion of these and other mastery-related skills, we take into consideration some of the advice provided by self-help gurus as well as by the scientific literature on motivation and goal attainment. In addition, you will find a wealth of mastery-related insights culled from varied philosophical perspectives and spiritual belief systems. Combining these various sources of wisdom, we offer a four-fold strategy for hope-based mastery. But beyond strategy, you must also have a sense of purpose that is continuously guided and nurtured. Thus, in the second part of this chapter, we explore various ways of drawing inspiration from within yourself and from outside sources. We also discuss how to provide inspiration to others, to learn from previous successes or failures, and to find inspiration through dreams.
Hope and Healing: Why Hope Is The Best Medicine
Authors: Scioli Anthony , Biller Henry B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Can hope bring about healing? Do reductions in stress alleviate the symptoms of a cold? Will love prevent a heart attack? Does attitude matter in the fight against cancer? Can the will to live extend life? These questions have preoccupied philosophers and healers for over 2,000 years. In the first half of this chapter, we examine the mind– body connection, focusing on insights that may shed new light on this perennial issue. We deal with the health implications of balanced and unbalanced forms of attachment, mastery, and survival and conclude with a new way of understanding how hope can foster healing. In Chapter 16, we provide specific prescriptions for enhancing personal well-being and general principles for maintaining health and fostering healing. Together, these final chapters round out the collection of principles and strategies that, throughout the second half of this book, we have proposed for living a hopeful life.
Case Examples
Authors: Zorumski Charles F , Rubin Eugene H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to present several case examples in order to illustrate various principles that we discussed in earlier chapters. The individuals discussed in this chapter are not actual patients. Rather, we have created realistic and common scenarios drawn from our experience. A healthy 20-year-old college junior was doing well in all aspects of her life. School, although busy and stressful, was exciting. She was an A student. She had friends, a boyfriend, and a loving and supportive family. She was healthy other than being mildly inconvenienced by various food intolerances and mild irritable bowel disorder. Her weight was normal. She didn’t exercise as much as she knew she should.
Book IV
Authors: Bosworth B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
See also /tin. 81 (derivative); Curt. 7. 6. 11 f. has a similar story but with additions and divergences which imply a different source. The consensus of modem authority is that Arrian here followed Aristobulus (Schwartz, RE ii 91s; Strasburger 39; Komemann 137), but there is no cogent evidence. The story of the Bactrian convention does seem derived from Aristobulus (cf. 4. I. 5 n.) but the following two chapters patently reproduce Ptolemy (cf. 2. 6, 3. 5 nn.). Either source might have been used for the Saca embassies.
Andre Gide: Pederasty and Pedagogy
Authors: Segal Naomi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book makes a powerful and somtimes contentious contribution to current debates in gender, feminist, and queer theory. Tracing the hydraulic image in a range of theoretical texts on pedagogy, pederasty, reproductive fantasy, and the anthropology of body fluids, Naomi Segal goes on to examine this imagery in the writings of André Gide. Gide's sexuality was explicitly central to everything he wrote, but it was complex and diverse, motivated as much by undesire as by curiosity and the chase. The ventriloquism of the female voice, versions of triangularity, the potentially endless male chain, the desire of sun on skin, a sideways genealogy, and the gratuity of crime, education, virtue, or playthese mobile patterns are found throughout his fiction and non-fiction. In Gide's polemic, it is always better to be loved by an uncle than an aunt; but all love is motivated by the fluidity of the swerve.
The Folk and the Gwerin
Authors: Harvie Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1941 the poet Edwin Muir, exiled from Scotland and by Nazism from central Europe, wrote bitterly about the impact of religion on his native country. His background was secular and socialist, although, like his contemporaries W. H. Auden and T. S. Eliot, he would return to a qualified form of religious belief. This move seemed against the post-World War I trend, which had seen the dramatic decline of Nonconformity. This had been ‘the real religion’ of England, and in Wales it was personified in the gwerin— the Welsh image of popular democracy— in Prys Morgan’s definition, ‘a classless society, progressing rapidly yet retaining a closeness to ¹ In Collected Poems (London: Faber, 1960).
Work, Space, and Place in the Cities of the East Asian Pacific Rim
Authors: McGee T G , Yasmeen Gisele 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The approach of this volume, to quote the editors, ‘is to expertly deal with the cultural and historical dimensions of the urbanization process in Asian cities differently from the dominant approach in development studies which treats cultural and historical elements as residual factors’. This dimension of urbanization that the editors request poses perhaps the greatest challenge. Cities are almost invariably seen as the major institutional component of the economy of all societies. Thus, it is no easy task to relegate economic functions to a residual role. Especially so in an essay that is concerned with changing economic functions and work patterns in Asian cities. Finally, the urban place is such a complex institution that the task of separating the economic, social, political, and cultural features is almost impossible.
Beijing: The Expression of National Political Ideology
Authors: Zhu Zixuan , Kwok Reginald Yin-Wang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
More than 3,000 years old, Beijing has been the national capital of China for over 800 years. During the late period of Chinese feudalism, Beijing was the cultural and political centre of five dynasties-Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming, and Qing. The unique culture and architecture of ancient Beijing had many striking characteristics. The city was constantly transformed under each dynasty out of clements from previous regimes. It also attracted numerous ethnic groups and absorbed elements from various nationalities, while at the same time sustaining characteristics of the dominant Han Chinese culture (Hou and Jin 1982). Under strong support from the national state, present-day Beijing has maintained many major traditional characteristics.
From Port City to City-State: Forces Shaping Singapore’s Built Environment
Authors: Ho Kong Chong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The built environment of the city at any point in time represents a confluence of various forces. While the formation and reproduction of cities depend on the mobilization, extraction, and concentration of surplus (Har vey 1973), this economic imperative is being mediated by a political process in which the state takes an active role in ensuring the reproduction process through intervention in production and consumption (Castells 1981). The structural approaches (see Castells 1981; Peterson 1981) to state planning have assumed a stable social and economic environment which allows planning and state action to be theorized, but actual case studies have indicated that the situation is otherwise. For example, Eckstein’s (1990) study of El Centro, an inner-city settlement in Mexico city, indicated the importance of: (1) historical factors behind current social relations; (2) shifting issue based alliances between various groups; and (3) even incidental events such as the World Cup championship soccer matches that took place in Mexico City. Thus, apart from the routine housekeeping functions, all government efforts to manage and shape the built environment are open to various pressures and interpretations.
Culture and Urban Future 1n East Asia
Authors: Douglass Mike , Kim Won Bae 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In focusing on the interrelationship between culture and the city, we have emphasized a broad perspective that looks beyond short-term urban dynamics. History has been brought in to provide a deeper understanding for urban changes occurring in East Asia. Whereas much of recent literature on the East Asian cities has stressed population and economic concentration and resultant policy issues, the theme of urban transformation in cultural context has been taken up in this book, with the case study chapters revealing the interplay of culture, politics, and economics in creating and allocating space in cities. The whole structure of the book has been based upon a premiss that solutions to mounting urban problems are incomplete and ineffective without an understanding of historical and cultural dynamics beneath the surface of the contemporary city.
Globalization and the Development of Pacific Rim Mega-Projects
Authors: Olds Kris 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The nature of economic activity and social life is being reshaped in our ‘globalizing era’. National societies and economies are becoming increasingly interdependent, albeit in a highly uneven manner. This is particularly true in the Pacific Rim-a ‘region’ experiencing unprecedented forces of change in a multitude of dimensions (Dirlik, 1993; Olds et al., 1999).
Liquid Assets: Producing the Pacific Rim Consumption scape in Vancouver, Canada
Authors: Olds Kris 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chinese capitalism is playing an important albeit overlooked role in the economic development of numerous Pacific Rim cities and nations. Section I of this chapter examines the nature of ·Chinese capitalism’, relevant features of Hong Kong-based Chinese business systems (including the importance of property to Chinese firms), and the significance of Hong Kong as the ‘node’ through which Chinese firms hook into the capital and knowledge base of the contemporary global economy.
Race, Gender, and the NIMBY Syndrome
Authors: Takahashi Lois M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Much of the emphasis in the scholarly literature exploring the NIMBY syndrome has focused on localized opposition towards human service facility siting as an expression of exclusionary politics (whether explained as emanating from production relations or as a result of attitudes and behaviour). The rejection of human services is indeed in part traced to the stigmatization of persons and places associated with homelessness and HIV/AIDS (as indicated in Chapters 3 and 4), and the consequent desire of communities to keep homelessness and HIV/AIDS outside of their vicinities.
Facing the NIMBY Syndrome
Authors: Takahashi Lois M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book began with the statement that growing need for human services has clashed with community response. To explain and illustrate this expanding conflict, I outlined the parameters of homelessness and HIV/ AIDS in the US, and how the perspectives of community attitudes and social relations have been used effectively to define reasons for the longevity of the NIMBY syndrome. I added the dimension of social and spatial stigma to these perspectives to highlight further the deeply embedded nature of community opposition, using case studies to indicate how the NIMBY syndrome is both intractable and fragile in particular circumstances. Included in this discussion were analyses of geographical variation in community and municipal response to homelessness and HIV/AIDS, and the tensions involved in sorting out who is responsible (or, in the case of NIMBY, who is not responsible) for providing care and services to homeless persons and people living with HIV/AIDS.
Introduction
Authors: Morphy Howard , Flint Kate 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Environment we inhabit is inseparable from human culture. Our landscape, our cities, our seas are shaped, traversed, harvested in accordance with the needs, practices, and desires of particular societies. More than this, our awareness of the world, and our representation of its beauties, its potential, its exploitation, and its significance to us is mediated through written, oral, and visual forms which take their expression and values from countless different social formations and traditions. The environment, as well as being made up of innumerable interdependent and sometimes precariously fragile ecosystems; as well as requiring care in its management and protection-in other words, in addition to being considered in holistic terms-becomes a site for the display and expression of cultures. Culture is that which enables people to survive in a particular environment, to express themselves in relation to it-although there is no guarantee that they will operate in harmony with it.
Peasant Production and the Environment
Authors: Clarke Colin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Peasants are frequently portrayed as engaged in a distinctive mode of production, but, in the context of Mexico’s capitalist economy, it is more logical to regard them as penny-capitalist rather than pre-capitalist. Cook and Binford argue convincingly that the notion of ‘a separate but subsumed peasant economy, or petty commodity mode of production, dissolves’ in the light of their empirical evidence from households in the Oaxaca Valley (1990, 27). They note:
In its place, emerges a concept of a single, complex, regionally and locally segmented commodity economy encompassing a variety of domestic units, including those of producers for own use as well as petty commodity producers in various socio-economic circumstances, of capitalists, and of wage labourers (usually paid by piece rate). It is obvious that all these subjects act within the same economy. It is also obvious that there are differences in their modes of involvement in that economy, as well as in the aims and material results of their material participation. (1990, 27)
Migration, Urbanization, and Proletarianization
Authors: Clarke Colin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Migration in Oaxaca is ubiquitous, and has been a major stimulant to change among Oaxaca’s peasantries. It has become the ‘natural’ means of peasant adjustment to rapid population increase in a context of limited land for cultivation, low technology, and incipient or substantial ecological degradation. Migration has become socially institutionalized in Oaxaca. Analysis of census data led Weaver and Downing to estimate Oaxaca’s overall inter-decadal out migration at 8 per cent in 1950, 11 per cent in 1960, and 15 per cent in 1970 (1976). In 1980 out-migration dropped back to 11 per cent, but increased again thereafter (Alcala and Reyes Couturier 1994, 80).
Introduction
Authors: Slack Paul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Environments change. Our current anxieties about environmental deterioration—both local and global—leave us in no doubt about that, even if the causes and likely outcome of such phenomena as global warming are controversial and uncertain. Current concerns also demonstrate that perceptions of the environment—by individuals and social groups—equally alter over time, and are no less complicated in their origins. ‘Environmental awareness’ is never as objectively ‘scientific’ as we might like to think, but is shaped by deep-rooted assumptions about actual or ideal relations between man and nature. The essays in this volume, derived from the Linacre Lectures for 1998, are intended to present both kinds of change in their historical contexts. The authors come from a variety of relevant disciplines, from geography and geology as well as history and anthropology, and they were encouraged to look at particular aspects of this large theme from their own specialist standpoints. It was impossible to cover the whole of the subject in only eight lectures, but we hope that the essays which follow illustrate its broad academic interest, its ability to surprise as well as stimulate, and its relevance to present debates and predicaments.
Climate and History in the Old and New Worlds
Authors: Vita-Finzi Claudio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Swift was mocking science with the insouciance of the ignorant-for what is a pickled cucumber but a bunch of sunbeams trapped by photosynthesis? But his quip conveniently convolves the key themes of this chapter: time, the sun, and agriculture, the linking threads being (a) the parallels in a major component of the landscape during historical times in large parts of the Americas and Eurasia, (b) the impact these changes had on agriculture, and therefore social history, in later times, and (c) the evidence for a solar role in changing the topography.
Putting Abrupt Environmental Change Back into Human History
Authors: Baillie M G L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The contention in this essay is that these propositions are true, and that, as a result, scholars of the past have, since Lyell and Darwin, and the victory of uniformity over catastrophism, laboured under the false doc¬ trine that sudden, catastrophic, environmental change does not happen on any large scale. This is well exemplified in the belief that widespread collapses of civilization, such as that which overtook the Mycenaean world in or around the twelfth century BC, were due principally to human agency. The development of better swords (Drews 1993) is more acceptable as a vector for the wholesale destruction of cities than the catastrophic environmental effects of altered wind patterns, or massive tectonic effects, quite possibly involving volcanism, or even visitations by debris from space.
Environments and Identities: Landscape as Cultural Projection in the English Provincial Past
Authors: Phythian-Adams Charles 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The haunting opening passage of Christ Stopped at Eboli by Carlo Levi contains some observations that derived from his experience when exiled by the Fascists to an isolated part of southern Italy: closed in one room, in a world apart, I am glad to travel in my memory to that other world, hedged in by custom and sorrow, cut off from History and the State, eternally patient, to that land without comfort or solace, where the peasant lives out his motionless civilization on barren ground in remote poverty, and in the presence of death.
Environmental Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium
Authors: Baker Kathleen M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nature’s amazing balancing act! Is this too frivolous a start to a book with serious intentions? Not if it helps to focus the reader’s mind on two things: first, a fluctuating physical environment in tropical Africa causing ecological nonequilibrium punctuated, perhaps, by periods of equilibrium; and secondly, the practical apprehension of this by the indigenous smallholders of Africa. An autecological1 approach to the production of crops and livestock, based on a deep, almost instinctive understanding of a non-equilibrial environment, is fundamental to their survival strategies. It is the argument of this book that smallholder methods of land management should be scrutinized much more closely by development experts with a view to applying elements of indigenous knowledge to development strategies.
Farming in the Semi-Arid Domain: Adaptation to an Uncertain Environment
Authors: Baker Kathleen M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the arguments for environmental non-equilibrium in place, this chapter explores indigenous responses to environmental uncertainty. Coping with the uncertainty of rainfall is one of the greatest challenges that savanna dwellers face and this occurs at several scales in time and space. First, it occurs on an annual basis, as part of the year in the savannas is, by definition, dry (see rain fall distribution at savanna sites, Fig. 1.5). Dryland or rainfed farming is thus confined to the wet season and considerable problems may arise if the rains arrive late, if they are erratic when they do arrive and if they cease before the time anticipated. A second element of uncertainty with regard to rainfall is its variability from year to year. Chapter 1 demonstrated the considerable variation in rainfall across the region in relation to the mean, and in addition to this is its unpredictability in space, both within and between seasons. Thus farmers have to be prepared to cope with whatever arrives: favourable rains, drought, or floods. A third form of uncertainty extends over a longer period and concerns the trend of declining rainfall in the sahel and northern savannas (Fig. 1.4). Since this began in the late 1960s, the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall has increased. In the early 1990s the rainy season in The Lower Gambia was about one month shorter than it was 20 to 30 years earlier (Baker, 1995), the start of the rains being late and particularly unpredictable. A reduction in the length of the rainy season has also been identified in Senegal by Khalfaoui (1991) and in Northern Nigeria by Oladipo and Kyari (1993) where the rains have tended to end sharply and earlier than in the past. A trend of lower rain fall across the savannas and sahel has led to reduced runoff and to lower water levels in many of West Africa’s rivers and, as a consequence, to poorer floods which have had direct and indirect effects on farming (Amara, 1993; Park, 1993). Whether the drought is at an end remains to be seen, but although the rains have increased in recent years, unpredictability of rainfall distribution remains as much of a problem as ever (Fig. 1.8).
Arrival
Authors: Lewis Gilbert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On looking back, I notice connections that I did not see at the time. The subject of this book is a man called Dauwaras and his last illness. He was said to be afflicted by the spirit Malyi. In a way I had already encountered that spirit before I met Dauwaras, before indeed I had even seen the village where I chose to stay. The patrol officer who investigated reported that the cult spokesmen told people that, to please the ancestors, they must stop eating certain foods, including wild animals, that they were required to keep their villages
The Opening of Malyi
Authors: Lewis Gilbert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The cold before dawn woke us: in the men’s house they rekindled the fires that had gone out. At 6 a.m. and still in the dark, Gaita got up to beat the garamut to announce the opening day of Malyi. Soon others in the men’s house began to rearrange the decorations and put on new ones that were brought.