bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel simian adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine elicits effective mucosal and systemic immunity in mice by intranasal and intramuscular vaccination regimens
Authors: Zhang Panli , Luo Shengxue , Zou Peng , Deng Qitao , Wang Cong , Li Jinfeng , Cai Peiqiao , Zhang Ling , Li Chengyao , Li Tingting 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

The failure of COVID-19 vaccines to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission, a possibly critical reason was the lack of protective mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract. Here, we evaluated the effects of mucosal and systemic immunity from a novel simian adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine (Sad23L-nCoV-S) in mice in comparison with Ad5-nCoV-S by intranasal (IN) drip and intramuscular (IM) injection vaccinations. As good as the well-known Ad5-nCoV-S vaccine, a single-dose IN inoculation of 1 × 10
9
PFU Sad23L-nCoV-S vaccine induced a similar level of IgG S-binding antibody (S-BAb) and neutralizing antibody (NAb) and higher IgA in serum, while IN route raised significantly higher IgG and IgA S-BAb and NAb in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and specific IFN-γ secreting T-cell response in lung compared with IM route, but lower T-cell response in spleen. By prime-boost vaccination regimens with different combinations of IN and IM inoculations of Sad23L-nCoV-S vaccine, the IN-involved vaccination stimulated higher protective mucosal or local immunity in BAL and lung, while the IM-involved immunization induced higher systemic immunity in serum and spleen. A long-term sustained mucosal and systemic NAb and T- cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 was maintained at high level over 32 weeks by prime-boost vaccination regimens with IN and IM routes. In conclusion, priming or boosting immunization with IN inoculation of Sad23L-nCoV-S vaccine could induce effective mucosal immunity and in combination of IM route could additionally achieve systemic immunity, which provided an important reference for vaccination regimens against respiratory virus infection.

IMPORTANCE
The essential goal of vaccination is to generate potent and long-term protection against diseases. Several factors including vaccine vector, delivery route, and boosting regimen influence the outcome of prime-boost immunization approaches. The immunization regimens by constructing a novel simian adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine and employing combination of intranasal and intramuscular inoculations could elicit mucosal neutralizing antibodies against five mutant strains in the respiratory tract and strong systemic immunity. Immune protection could last for more than 32 weeks. Vectored vaccine construction and immunization regimens have positively impacted respiratory disease prevention.
Low Power but High Energy: The Looming Costs of Billions of Smart Devices
Authors: Wang Wenpeng , Sobral Victor A. Leal , Billah Md Fazlay Rabbi Masum , Saoda Nurani , Nasir Nabeel , Campbell Bradford 
Published: October 2023

Individually, wall-powered Internet of Things devices are small: in form factor, in complexity, in function, and in power draw. However, at scale, and certainly at the scale optimistic forecasters project, these small devices add up to be a big energy problem. Just adding a single two watt sensor to each US building would add to more annual energy consumption than some small countries. Wall-powered IoT devices are also easier to create than their energy-constrained (i.e. battery-powered) counterparts, and marketed as more convenient (no hub required!), leading to their continued growth. Yet, unlike other energy consuming devices, there are no Energy Star (or equivalent) standards for smart devices. Despite having very infrequent active times, they draw power for functions like AC-DC conversion, wireless communication, and wakeup word detection continuously. Further, the discrete nature of devices and siloed nature of IoT ecosystems leads to significant redundancy in IoT devices.
We posit that new techniques are needed to reverse this trend. This includes new techniques for auditing devices, systems that leverage existing devices rather than requiring new ones, and architectures that have less reliance on the cloud (and the energy overhead of network usage and cloud compute). The IoT is pitched to improve energy efficiency and reduce users' carbon footprints, but we need a new research agenda to ensure the devices themselves are not the next problem.
EMDL_m6Am: identifying N6,2′-O-dimethyladenosine sites based on stacking ensemble deep learning
Authors: Jia Jianhua , Wei Zhangying , Sun Mingwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
N6, 2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) is an abundant RNA methylation modification on vertebrate mRNAs and is present in the transcription initiation region of mRNAs. It has recently been experimentally shown to be associated with several human disorders, including obesity genes, and stomach cancer, among others. As a result, N6,2′-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) site will play a crucial part in the regulation of RNA if it can be correctly identified.

Results
This study proposes a novel deep learning-based m6Am prediction model, EMDL_m6Am, which employs one-hot encoding to expressthe feature map of the RNA sequence and recognizes m6Am sites by integrating different CNN models via stacking. Including DenseNet, Inflated Convolutional Network (DCNN) and Deep Multiscale Residual Network (MSRN), the sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), accuracy (ACC), Mathews correlation coefficient (MCC) and area under the curve (AUC) of our model on the training data set reach 86.62%, 88.94%, 87.78%, 0.7590 and 0.8778, respectively, and the prediction results on the independent test set are as high as 82.25%, 79.72%, 80.98%, 0.6199, and 0.8211.

Conclusions
In conclusion, the experimental results demonstrated that EMDL_m6Am greatly improved the predictive performance of the m6Am sites and could provide a valuable reference for the next part of the study. The source code and experimental data are available at: https://github.com/13133989982/EMDL-m6Am.
Genome-wide identification of nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes and their association with green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) resistance in peach
Authors: Yu Haixiang , Wu Xuelian , Liang Jiahui , Han Ziying , Xiao Yuansong , Du Hao , Liu Yihua , Guo Jian , Peng Futian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResistance genes (R genes) are a class of genes that are immune to a wide range of diseases and pests. In planta, NLR genes are essential components of the innate immune system. Currently, genes belonging to NLR family have been found in a number of plant species, but little is known in peach. Here, 286 NLR genes were identified on peach genome by using their homologous genes in Arabidopsis thaliana as queries. These 286 NLR genes contained at least one NBS domain and LRR domain. Phylogenetic and N-terminal domain analysis showed that these NLRs could be separated into four subfamilies (I-IV) and their promoters contained many cis-elements in response to defense and phytohormones. In addition, transcriptome analysis showed that 22 NLR genes were up-regulated after infected by Green Peach Aphid (GPA), and showed different expression patterns. This study clarified the NLR gene family and their potential functions in aphid resistance process. The candidate NLR genes might be useful in illustrating the mechanism of aphid resistance in peach.
Burden, risk factors, neurosurgical evacuation outcomes, and predictors of mortality among traumatic brain injury patients with expansive intracranial hematomas in Uganda: a mixed methods study design
Authors: Kamabu Larrey Kasereka , Bbosa Godfrey S. , Lekuya Hervé Monka , Cho Eugene J. , Kyaruzi Victor Meza , Nyalundja Arsene Daniel , Deng Daniel , Sekabunga Juliet Nalwanga , Kataka Louange Maha , Obiga Doomwin Oscar Deogratius , Kiryabwire Joel , Kaddumukasa Martin N. , Kaddumukasa Mark , Fuller Anthony T. , Galukande Moses 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Expansive intracranial hematomas (EIH) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) continue to be a public health problem in Uganda. Data is limited regarding the neurosurgical outcomes of TBI patients. This study investigated the neurosurgical outcomes and associated risk factors of EIH among TBI patients at Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH).

Methods
A total of 324 subjects were enrolled using a prospective cohort study. Socio-demographic, risk factors and complications were collected using a study questionnaire. Study participants were followed up for 180 days. Univariate, multivariable, Cox regression analyses, Kaplan Meir survival curves, and log rank tests were sequentially conducted. P-values of < 0.05 at 95% Confidence interval (CI) were considered to be statistically significant.

Results
Of the 324 patients with intracranial hematomas, 80.6% were male. The mean age of the study participants was 37.5 ± 17.4 years. Prevalence of EIH was 59.3% (0.59 (95% CI: 0.54 to 0.65)). Participants who were aged 39 years and above; PR = 1.54 (95% CI: 1.20 to 1.97; P = 0.001), and those who smoke PR = 1.21 (95% CI: 1.00 to 1.47; P = 0.048), and presence of swirl sign PR = 2.26 (95% CI: 1.29 to 3.95; P = 0.004) were found to be at higher risk for EIH. Kaplan Meier survival curve indicated that mortality at the 16-month follow-up was 53.4% (95% CI: 28.1 to 85.0). Multivariate Cox regression indicated that the predictors of mortality were old age, MAP above 95 mmHg, low GCS, complications such as infection, spasticity, wound dehiscence, CSF leaks, having GOS < 3, QoLIBRI < 50, SDH, contusion, and EIH.

Conclusion
EIH is common in Uganda following RTA with an occurrence of 59.3% and a 16-month higher mortality rate. An increased age above 39 years, smoking, having severe systemic disease, and the presence of swirl sign are independent risk factors. Old age, MAP above 95 mmHg, low GCS, complications such as infection, spasticity, wound dehiscence, CSF leaks, having a GOS < 3, QoLIBRI < 50, ASDH, and contusion are predictors of mortality. These findings imply that all patients with intracranial hematomas (IH) need to be monitored closely and a repeat CT scan to be done within a specific period following their initial CT scan. We recommend the development of a protocol for specific surgical and medical interventions that can be implemented for patients at moderate and severe risk for EIH.
Comparison of students' readiness from six health education programs for interprofessional learning in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huyen Nguyen Thi Thanh , Tam Nguyen Minh , Wens Johan , Tsakitzidis Giannoula , Van Chi Le , Anh Le Ho Thi Quynh , Len Len Che Thi , Van Chuong Huynh , Huy Nguyen Vu Quoc , Valcke Martin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Interprofessional education (IPE) is expected to help prepare undergraduate health profession students to collaborate with other healthcare professionals in realising quality of care. Studies stress the necessity of students’ readiness for interprofessional learning (IPL) in view of designing IPE programs. The present study aims to determine students' IPL-readiness and looks at related differences in students enrolled in different programs and at different phases in their educational program.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey study was set up among 1139 students from six health programs at HueUMP, using the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS). Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis H and Mann–Whitney U tests.

Results
The overall mean RIPLS score was 68.89. RIPLS scores significantly differed between programs and between phases in the educational programs. Medical students presented a lower readiness level for IPL than students from other programs. In contrast to a significant increase in RIPLS scores of students in the clinical phase in Vietnamese traditional medicine, medicine, and pharmacy, a decrease in RIPLS scores was observed in students in the clinical phase in odonto-stomatology.

Conclusions
The differences could be related to differences in educational programs and the study phases in a particular program. These results offer insights to direct the design and implementation of IPE in health education curricula and especially underscore the need to provide IPE throughout the curriculum.
Occupational protection behavior and its influencing factors of newly recruited nurses
Authors: Xu Yang , Liu Wen-jie , Wang Xia , Yang Qian-mei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aim
Aim The objective of this study was to understand the occupational protective behaviors of newly recruited nurses and explore the influencing factors.

Methods
A convenience sampling method was used to select newly recruited nurses in our hospital from July 2018 to November 2019. The survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire, work attitude scale (Wa), and occupational protective behavior scale.

Results
The total score of occupational protective behaviors of 150 newly enrolled nurses was 18.94 ± 3.59. There was a significant negative correlation between work attitude score and occupational protective behaviors (r = -0.324, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, previous participation in nursing skill-based competitions, experience of needlestick injuries before recruit, work attitude score, average daily sleep time (p < 0.05) were independent factors influencing occupational protective behaviors.

Conclusions
The overall occupational protective awareness of newly enrolled nurses is relatively weak and needs to be further improved. The group’s ability to improve occupational protective behaviors may be positively impacted through increased adaptability, improved sleep, active participation in nursing skill-based competitions, strengthening guidance and education on occupational protection.
Impact of HIV treat-all and complementary policies on ART linkage in 13 PEPFAR-supported African countries
Authors: Russell Anna , Verani Andre R. , Pals Sherri , Reagon Valamar M. , Alexander Lorraine N. , Galloway Eboni T. , Mange Mayer Magdalene , Kalimugogo Pearl , Nyika Ponesai , Fadil Yasmine Moussa , Aoko Appolonia , Asiimwe Fred Mugyenyi , Ikpeazu Akudo , Kayira Dumbani , Letebele Mpho , Maida Alice , Magesa Daniel , Mutandi Gram , Mwila Annie C. , Onotu Dennis , Nkwoh Kingsly Tse , Wangari Evelyn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
In 2015, the World Health Organization recommended that all people living with HIV begin antiretroviral treatment (ART) regardless of immune status, a policy known as ‘Treat-All to end AIDS’, commonly referred to as Treat-All. Almost all low- and middle-income countries adopted this policy by 2019. This study describes how linkage to treatment of newly diagnosed persons changed between 2015 and 2018 and how complementary policies may have similarly increased linkage for 13 African countries. These countries adopted and implemented Treat-All policies between 2015 and 2018 and were supported by the U.S. Government’s President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). The focuses of this research were to understand 1) linkage rates to ART initiation before and after the adoption of Treat-All in each country; 2) how Treat-All implementation differed across these countries; and 3) whether complementary policies (including same-day treatment initiation, task-shifting, reduced ART visits, and reduced ART pickups) implemented around the same time may have increased ART linkage.

Methods
HIV testing and treatment data were collected by PEPFAR country programs in 13 African countries from 2015 to 2018. These countries were chosen based on the completeness of policy data and availability of program data during the study period. Program data were used to calculate proxy linkage rates. These rates were compared relative to the Treat All adoption period and the adoption of complementary policies.

Results
The 13 countries experienced an average increase in ART linkage of 29.3% over the entire study period. In examining individual countries, all but two showed increases in linkage to treatment immediately after Treat All adoption. Across all countries, those that had adopted four or more complementary policies showed an average increased linkage of 39.8% compared to 13.9% in countries with fewer than four complementary policies.

Conclusions
Eleven of 13 country programs examined in this study demonstrated an increase in ART linkage after Treat-All policy adoption. Increases in linkage were associated with complementary policies. When exploring new public health policies, policymakers may consider which complementary policies might also help achieve the desired outcome of the public health policy.
Association between patient-provider communication and withholding information due to privacy concerns among women in the United States: an analysis of the 2011 to 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey
Authors: Ajayi Kobi V. , Olowolaju Samson , Bolarinwa Obasanjo Afolabi , Onyeka Henry 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Electronic medical record software is common in healthcare settings. However, data privacy and security challenges persist and may impede patients’ willingness to disclose health information to their clinicians. Positive patient-provider communication may foster patient trust and subsequently reduce information nondisclosure. This study sought to characterize information-withholding behaviors among women and evaluate the association between positive patient-provider communication and women’s health information-withholding behavior in the United States.

Methods
Data were pooled from the 2011 to 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey. We used descriptive statistics, bivariate, and logistic regression analyses to investigate whether positive patient-provider communication significantly impacted health information-withholding behaviors. Data from 7,738 women were analyzed.

Results
About 10.8% or 1 in 10 women endorsed withholding health information from their providers because of privacy or security concerns about their medical records. After adjusting for the covariates, higher positive patient-provider communication scores were associated with lower odds of withholding information from the provider because of privacy and security concerns (aOR 0.93; 95% CI = 0.90–0.95). Additionally, we found that age, race/ethnicity, educational status, psychological distress, and smoking status significantly predicted women’s willingness to disclose health information.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that improving positive patient-provider communication quality may reduce women’s privacy and security concerns and encourage them to disclose sensitive medical information.
What drives health care spending in Switzerland? Findings from a decomposition by disease, health service, sex, and age
Authors: Stucki Michael , Schärer Xavier , Trottmann Maria , Scholz-Odermatt Stefan , Wieser Simon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
High and increasing spending dominates the public discussion on healthcare in Switzerland. However, the drivers of the spending increase are poorly understood. This study decomposes health care spending by diseases and other perspectives and estimates the contribution of single cost drivers to overall healthcare spending growth in Switzerland between 2012 and 2017.

Methods
We decompose total healthcare spending according to National Health Accounts by 48 major diseases, injuries, and other conditions, 20 health services, 21 age groups, and sex of patients. This decomposition is based on micro-data from a multitude of data sources such as the hospital inpatient registry, health and accident insurance claims data, and population surveys. We identify the contribution of four main drivers of spending: population growth, change in population structure (age/sex distribution), changes in disease prevalence, and changes in spending per prevalent patient.

Results
Mental disorders were the most expensive major disease group in both 2012 and 2017, followed by musculoskeletal disorders and neurological disorders. Total health care spending increased by 19.7% between 2012 and 2017. An increase in spending per prevalent patient was the most important spending driver (43.5% of total increase), followed by changes in population size (29.8%), in population structure (14.5%), and in disease prevalence (12.2%).

Conclusions
A large part of the recent health care spending growth in Switzerland was associated with increases in spending per patient. This may indicate an increase in the treatment intensity. Future research should show if the spending increases were cost-effective.
Prenatal whole-exome sequencing for fetal structural anomalies: a retrospective analysis of 145 Chinese cases
Authors: Qin Yayun , Yao Yanyi , Liu Nian , Wang Bo , Liu Lijun , Li Hui , Gao Tangxinzi , Xu Runhong , Wang Xiaoyan , Zhang Fanglian , Song Jieping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Whole-exome sequencing (WES) significantly improves the diagnosis of the etiology of fetal structural anomalies. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of prenatal WES and to investigate the pathogenic variants in structurally abnormal fetuses.

Methods
We recruited 144 fetuses with structural anomalies between 14 and 2020 and 15 December 2021 in the study. Genetic screening was performed by WES combined with karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis. The molecular diagnostic yield of prenatal WES for each type of fetal structural anomaly and the identified pathogenic genes and mutations were reported.

Results
In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical and genetic data of 145 structurally anomalous fetuses. These cases were classified into 9 phenotypic classes based on antenatal ultrasound findings. Thirty-eight pathogenic variants in 24 genes were identified in 35 of the 145 cases, including 14 novel variants in 13 genes (EP300, MYH3, TSC2, MMP9, CPLANE1, INVS, COL1A1, EYA1, TTC21B, MKS1, COL11A2, PDHA1 and L1CAM). Five additional pathogenic variants were classified as incidental findings. Our study showed that the overall diagnosis rate of WES was 28.1% (27/96) in the parent-fetus trio cases and 16.3% (8/49) in the proband-only cases. Fetuses with musculoskeletal anomalies had the highest diagnostic yield (51.4%, 19/37). In addition, FGFR3 and COL1A1 were the most common pathogenic genes.

Conclusions
Our work expands the mutation spectrum of the genes associated with fetal structural anomalies and provides valuable information for future parental genetic counselling and pregnancy management of the structurally anomalous fetuses.