bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METABOLOMIC SIGNATURES OF AGE, EXTREME OLD AGE, AND LONGEVITY IN LONG LIFE FAMILY STUDY PARTICIPANTS
Authors: Sebastiani Paola , Sog Zeyuan , Lustgarten Michael , Perls Thomas , Monti Stefano , Andersen Stacy , Schwaiger-Haber Michaela , Patti Gary 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Serum metabolomics of aging has been a growing area of interest and several studies have identified metabolites that correlate with chronological age. The Long Life Family Study (LLFS) has generated serum metabolomics of individuals aged 30 to 110 years and several years of follow up, and offers a unique opportunity to identify (1) a robust signature of age; (2) a signature of extreme old age that differs from the age-related signature; and (3) a signature that predict survival. We analyzed 409 general metabolites and lipid species in approximately 2700 LLFS participants and used a state-of-the-art computational approach with mixed effect models and whole genome sequence data to model within family relation. The analysis identified 305 metabolites that correlate with age at 5% false discovery rate (FDR), 30 metabolites that are not age related and differ in centenarians compared to younger individuals, and 144 metabolites that predict survival at 5%FDR. The aging signature included well known markers: eg ergothioneine and tryptophan that decreased with older age, and was enriched for carbohydrates, organic acids, and several lipid classes. The extreme old age signature was enriched for glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. The metabolomics signature of survival was enriched for nucleic and organic acids. Comparison with other studies showed strong agreement of results and also highlighted unique finding in extreme old individuals. The analysis also showed substantial variability of serum metabolomics at different ages, thus confirming the heterogeneity of molecular signatures of age and the opportunity to discover specific molecular profiles that promote heathy aging.
DEVELOPING A GERIATRIC EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT BY FOCUSING ON THE THREE PS: PEOPLE, PROCESSES, AND PLACE
Authors: Schumacher John , Melady Don 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Older patients’ emergency department (ED) visits in the U.S. rose a surprising 30% during the period 2015-2019 to about 28 million visits annually. Many EDs are now examining emerging geriatric emergency department (GED) models of care to address the care needs of this population. This paper provides a practical overview of how to develop a GED and introduces the 3 Ps model focusing attention on the ED’s People, Processes, and the Place thereby providing a clear framework for practical GED development. Key resources facilitating GED development includes: the national GED Collaborative (GEDC) organization, the nationally endorsed GED Guidelines, and resources associated with the Geriatric Emergency Department Accreditation process. Core clinical elements needed to create a GED’s operations are found in its care processes including: 1) General approaches to the patient; 2) Screening for high-risk conditions; 3) Enhanced assessment for older patients; 4) potential workflow alterations; and 5) Attention to transitions into and out of the ED. The paper concludes by provides additional practical guidance to EDs seeking to enhance the ED experience of older people and improve the quality of their outcomes.
EFFECTS OF MINDFULNESS ON COGNITION IN ADULTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Lin Rose , Su Jingjing , Heffner Kathi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mindfulness, or present-moment awareness, has been linked to greater psychological well-being and cognitive health in older adults. Recent studies on mindfulness-based intervention further explored its cognitive benefits in adults at the preclinical stage of dementia, yet showing mixed results. Therefore, this meta-analysis synthesizes the effects of mindfulness-based intervention on cognitive function for adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus. Randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on cognitive function in adults with MCI were included. Study effects were calculated by standard mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval using random effects model. Meta-regression was conducted to test the effects of methodological quality and intervention characteristics (qualification of interveners, types of mindfulness approach and control treatment) on trial effectiveness. Twelve trials involving 530 participants (female=64.26%, mean age=71.21 years) were included. Half of the reviewed studies were pilot trials with a mean attrition rate of 18.7%. Pooled evidence suggested that mindfulness-based intervention exerts a small-to-moderate effect on global cognition (SMD=0.40;95%CI[0.14,0.66]), visuospatial ability (SMD=0.25;95%CI[0.03,0.48]) and long-term memory (SMD=0.21; 95%CI[0.01,0.41]). No significant effect was detected for short-term memory, executive function, and attention. Meta-regression showed that none of the covariates moderate the treatment effect. This meta-analysis suggested that mindfulness-based intervention might improve cognitive function and its more specific domains in adults with MCI. More research with larger sample is warranted to confirm the effectiveness and examine the underlying mechanism to explain the improved outcomes.
EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF INTERDISCIPLINARY EDUCATION AND TELEHEALTH PRIMARY CARE: QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY
Authors: Yoo Ji , Shen Jay 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In a provider shortage area, an Interprofessional Education and Telehealth Primary Care (IPETC) for geriatrics workforce was developed in 2020. To analyze the impact of IPETC on quality and efficiency of care, we measured quality outcomes defined by the CMS defined quality measures - dementia caregiver education/referral and advance care plan, and efficiency outcomes by estimating healthcare cost savings from reducing hospitalization. Two-hundred forty-four community-dwelling adults aged 60 to 97 with mild to moderate dementia were selected in an urban safety-net primary care clinic. Propensity - demographics and comorbidity was matched. Main outcomes were (A) number of hospitalization and 90-day rehospitalization rate, hospitalization-related healthcare cost estimates from the State Inpatient Dataset using the ICD-10 codes of principal diagnosis and hospital length of stay between January-December 2021. One-hundred twenty-two patients were cared by primary care providers who received the IPETC;122 patients were by those who did not have the IPETC; (2) CMS quality measures were compared between 2019 (baseline) and 2021 of patients cared by providers with IPETC. Number of hospitalization with IPETC was fewer than those without IPETC (0.72 vs. 1.38, p &lt; .01). Number of 90-day rehospitalization with IPETC was fewer than those without IPETC (0.14 vs. 0.30, p &lt; .01). An average cost-saving of $20,289 per patient was observed among those with IPETC than those without IPETC (p &lt; .001). CMS quality measures improved from 15.6% to 51.0% in dementia caregiver education/referral; 10.2% to 24.7% in documented advance care plans.
THE HOSPITAL TO HOME TRANSITION: EFFECTS OF LIFE CHANCES AND LIFE CHOICES ON UNPLANNED HOSPITAL READMISSIONS
Authors: Yeatts Dale , Cready Cynthia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Roughly 18% of all patients discharged from hospitals in the United States experience an unplanned hospital readmission (UR) within 30 days which can be life-threatening to patients and extremely costly for the health care system. Medicare alone paid $900.8 billion in 2021, or 21 percent of total national hospital expenditures. A promising theory for adding to our understanding of the causes for URs is Health Lifestyle Theory (HLT). It proposes that structural factors (e.g., SES, hospital procedures) affect one’s life chances and that socialization and personal experiences affect one’s life choices and the two merge to produce a person’s health lifestyle. The purpose of our study was to consider the ability of HLT to explain why some patients recover after hospital discharge while others experience URs. To accomplish our purpose, we interviewed 37 patients in their homes who had been discharged from a regional hospital in north Texas roughly 30 days prior to being interviewed. All the patients had been admitted for various serious illnesses. Fourteen of the patients had experienced an UR. Qualitative analyses included open and focused coding. Data from those experiencing an UR and those avoiding an UR were analyzed separately. We found the HLT to provide sound reasons for patients experiencing recovery or URs. Those who experienced an UR were found to have similar life chances caused by structural factors and similar life choices based on their socialization and personal experiences. Specific structural factors and personal experiences associated with life chances and life choices are presented.
WHEN OLDER ADULTS GOT TRAUMATIC INJURY: EFFECTS OF CASE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Kao Hsueh-Fen , Jimenez Sarah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Case management can improve patient outcomes from the acute to rehabilitation phase after traumatic injury. However, a lack of evidence on effects of case management in older patients with traumatic injury makes it difficult to translate research findings into practice. The study was to examine the effects of a case management intervention on illness perception, coping strategies used, and quality of life in older patients with traumatic injury across a 9-month span after hospital discharge. A 4-wave longitudinal, experimental design was used in older patients with traumatic injury hospitalized at a regional hospital in Taiwan. Subjects were randomly assigned to case management (experimental) or usual care (control) group. The intervention started during hospitalization and ended with a phone follow-up two weeks post discharge. Illness perception and/or coping strategies used along with health-related quality of life were measured at baseline, 3, 6 and 9 months after discharge. Generalized estimating equations were used for analysis. Findings showed significant differences of illness perceptions at 3 and 6 months as well as coping strategies used at 6 and 9 months after discharge between the two groups. However, no significant difference on quality of life over time between the two groups was found. While case management appears to help older patients with traumatic injury decrease illness perception and better cope with their injury, it does not significantly improve their quality of life nine months after discharge. It is recommended that healthcare professionals develop a comprehensive long-term case management program for older patients with traumatic injury.
GERIATRIC WORKFORCE ENHANCEMENT PROGRAMS AS AAA AGE-FRIENDLY INITIATIVES PARTNER
Authors: Severance Jennifer , Edelman Linda , Gordon Barbara , Luk-Jones Susanna , Telonidis Jacqueline , Morgan Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Health Resources and Services Administration funded 48 Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Programs (GWEPs) to partner with community-based organizations in addressing gaps in health care for older adults, promoting Age-Friendly ecosystems, and addressing social determinants of health. This paper discusses three GWEPs collaborative projects with Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs) that deliver community-based programs . The University of Utah’s GWEP, a rural AAA, the Alzheimer’s Association, and the Utah Department of Veterans and Military Affairs provided a hybrid Dementia Caregiver Conference to six counties, reaching 65 in-person attendees and 10 senior centers online. Attendees agreed the content met their educational needs, would positively influence care, and was motivation to form a caregiver coalition. The University of Louisville Trager Institute (Trager), AAA, and Kentucky Coalition for Healthy Communities provided focused regional training and sharing of community resources utilizing the Project ECHO training model for 11 AAA regions, reaching 412 home and community-based services professionals. The University of North Texas Health Science Center, AAA, and emergency management services expanded evidence-based programs in falls prevention, medication safety, and dementia caregiving, serving an additional 23 urban postal codes, rural counties, and over 1,900 individuals. These examples utilize unique community relationships and partnership strategies to identify local needs, maximize older adult and family caregiver engagement, measure outcomes, and achieve GWEP goals to educate diverse, underserved and rural communities.
IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS: THE ZESTFUL LIVING PROGRAM FOR OLDER ADULTS RESIDING IN CNY ASSISTED LIVING FACILITIES
Authors: Seo Minjung , Pagan Mary Theresa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Studies indicate that older adults experiencing more interactions with younger ones through health promotion programs perceive better health and life satisfaction than their counterparts. Positive attitudes toward aging and self-efficacy working with older adults are essential attributes for professionals entering gerontology fields. The aim of this study is two-fold, to examine the changes in attitude toward aging and self-efficacy to work with older adults among young adults and to investigate changes in perceived physical and mental health among older adults participating in the Zestful Living Health Promotion Program in an assisted living facility in Upstate New York. A mixed method design (questionnaire and interview) was used on seventy-five older adults (Male: 15, Female: 49) and eighty-two college students. The five-week program theoretical framework utilized tenets from social learning theory and the behavioral change model. This evidenced-based program included exercises, memory training, stress reduction activities, and interactive games using implementation strategies such as health communication, health information, behavioral modification, and positive reinforcement. Results indicate attitudes toward aging and self-efficacy to working with older adults significantly differed before and after program implementation (P &lt;.004, P &lt;.0001). The potential benefits of this approach include improved perceived mental and physical health among older adults during five weeks with low resource allocation as a university supported. Sustainable programs like the Zestful Living Program provide research and outreach opportunities within assisted living facilities.
HOW INTERNET USE MODERATES THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS ON SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Wen Wan , Mejia Shannon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Due to geographic barriers and limitations in mobility, older adults with functional limitations are at greater risk of social isolation and lower well-being. The Internet has the potential to help mitigate the negative effects of functional limitations by connecting older adults to health services and meaningful social networks, and thus contribute to their subjective well-being (SWB). This study examined how Internet use could increase access to health behaviors and close friendships and moderate the impact of physical limitations on older adults’ SWB. Using data from 2008 to 2018 U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (n = 14,178, 76% white, 55% female), this paper used life satisfaction and emotional indicators (positive and negative affect) as measurements of SWB and adopted multilevel random effect models to conduct empirical analysis. The results showed that older adults with physical limitations experienced significant reductions in life satisfaction and positive affect and increases in negative emotions. However, the Internet mitigated the adverse emotional impacts of physical limitations by facilitating the maintenance of older adults’ social networks and health behaviors. These findings support the development of actions to enhance the well-being of older adults with physical limitations and put them as the primary beneficiaries of information and communication technology.
RISKS AND HEALTH OUTCOMES OF NEW ONSET OF UNMET NEEDS FOR HELP WITH ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING
Authors: Sands Laura , Khan Maham , Du Pang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Twenty percent of community-living older adults who have difficulty completing mobility and self-care daily activities have unmet need for help with one or more daily activities. Prior research described correlates of existing unmet needs but did not consider which health characteristics and events increase risks for new onset of unmet needs. Data are from the 2011-2019 annual interviews of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Onset of unmet need was calculated as having more unmet needs in the subsequent year compared to the prior year. Linear Mixed models were computed to assess which health characteristics and events increased risk for new onset of unmet need across 15,334 observations from persons who needed help with mobility tasks and 12,895 observations from persons who needed help with self-care tasks. Characteristics associated with new onset of mobility unmet needs were: age 80+, minority race, female sex, 2+ mobility limitations, 2+ chronic conditions, and dementia. Hospitalization during the yearly interval increased risk for new onset of unmet need for those with dementia (OR=3.01, 95%CI=2.62-3.44) and for those without dementia (OR=2.27, 95%CI=2.03-2.53). New onset of unmet need increased risk for nursing home or residential care placement (OR=1.63, 95%CI=1.31-2.03) and mortality (OR=2.10 95% CI =1.84-2.39) in the year following new onset of mobility unmet need. Results were similar for self-care daily activities. The findings inform the need for regularly assessing care needs, particularly after hospital discharge, with the goal of addressing new care needs to prevent new onset of unmet needs and its health consequences.
EMERITI PROFESSORS’ INTERGENERATIONAL TEAM TALK: REDUCING STUDENTS’ AGING ANXIETY ADDRESSES AFU PRINCIPLES
Authors: Gautam Ramraj , Melillo Karen Devereaux , Abdallah Lisa , Wangwun Patcharee 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Intergenerational learning is one of the six pillars of the Age-Friendly University (AFU) institutional activity. This study was guided by the AFU principles 9 (involving university’s own retired community) and 4 (promote intergenerational learning between learners of all ages) and Positive Education about Aging and Contact Experience (PEACE) Model (Levy, 2018). A team of 4-5 students (12 teams total) in an undergraduate Introduction to Gerontology course in Fall 2022 conducted two, one-hour in-depth Zoom Intergenerational Team Talk (ITT) interviews with emeriti professors. The objective was to assess the change in students’ aging anxiety (measured using Bousfield and Hutchison’s, 2010, 4-item Aging Anxiety Scale), expectations about aging (measured using Sarkisian et al, 2005, 12-item Expectations Regarding Aging survey), and career and academic trajectories before and after the implementation of the ITT interview. The University IRB approved study sample included 57 students, where 31completed both pre and post surveys. A paired sample t-test showed a significant reduction in students’ aging anxiety [t(29) = 2.45, p = 0.020] and increased positive expectations regarding aging [t(26) = -2.94, p = 0.007], after the ITT interview activity. The results support the PEACE model that included emeriti professors as positive role models in an intergenerational contact. Emeriti were a valuable resource for lowering aging anxiety and increasing positive expectations regarding aging among university students. Engaging emeriti professors can create a more inclusive and age-friendly environment. Future studies should also explore the impact of intergenerational contacts on emeriti professors’ perception of younger adults.
STUDENT EXPERIENCES TEACHING AN INTERPROFESSIONAL COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Mahanna Allexis , Livingston Marin , Chapman Cara , Howell Britteny 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Nine (N=9) undergraduate and graduate students collaborated on an interprofessional health promotion program in Spring 2023. Funded by the National Institute on Aging, this student-led program utilized Persuasive Hope Theory with older adult participants to increase their fruit and vegetable intake and exercise patterns in 1-hour weekly sessions. At four community locations for 15 weeks, students gained skills in team-teaching, facilitating group discussions and activities, and engaging in physical activity instruction with older adult participants. At the end of the program, students completed a modified Undergraduate Research Student Self-Assessment (URSSA). As a result of participating in this project, students report understanding and familiarity with the research process, following scientific protocols, problem-solving, and working collaboratively. Students also reported their motivations for joining a research study, satisfaction with working relationships with faculty members and opportunities to present their work, and how these experiences with gerontological research have influenced their career goals. The presenters of this paper are the students themselves, who will lend personal experiences and stories to these survey results. The factors contributing to successful student engagement in this project can be applied by other researchers working in community-based contexts.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN SKELETAL MUSCLE ENERGETICS EXPLAIN THE MOBILITY IMPAIRMENT DISPARITY IN SOMMA
Authors: Kramer Philip , Distefano Giovanna , Ramos Sofhia , Goodpaster Bret , Newman Anne , Marcinek David , Cawthon Peggy , Molina Anthony 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An age-related decline in muscle mitochondrial energetics is known to contribute to the loss of muscle function in older adults. Women experience a higher prevalence of mobility impairment compared to men, but it is unknown whether gender-specific differences in muscle energetics underlie this disparity. In the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA), muscle energetics were characterized using in vivo 31-Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and High-Resolution Respirometry of the vastus lateralis. A Short Physical Performance Battery score ≤ 8 was used to define lower-extremity mobility impairment. In this analysis of 773 participants age 70-94, women had greater odds (OR=1.83, p=0.03) of mobility impairment compared to men, which was largely explained by significantly lower muscle energetics (Maximal OXPHOS in Women= 55.06 +/- 15.95; Men= 65.80 +/- 19.74; p&lt;0.0001) using mediation modeling (adjusted OR=1.25, p=0.45). The mobility impairment disparity could be further explained by BMI, race, physical activity, and number of comorbidities (adjusted OR=0.98, p=0.96). However, none of these covariates, including age, fully explained gender differences in muscle mitochondrial energetics (e.g. Adjusted Maximal OXPHOS in Women= 56.5, 95%CI=54.8, 58.1; Men= 64.4, 95%CI=62.5, 66.2; p&lt;0.0001). Notably, high BMI and low gait speed were associated with lower muscle energetics, though BMI slightly more so in women (ATPmax BMI/gender interaction, p= 0.02) than men, and age was only significantly negatively associated with muscle energetics in men (e.g. Maximal ETS capacity age/gender interaction, p=0.04). In conclusion, women had lower muscle mitochondrial energetics compared to men, which largely explained their greater odds of lower-extremity mobility impairment.