bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary analysis of predicting the first recurrence in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration using deep learning
Authors: Jang Boa , Lee Sang-Yoon , Kim Chaea , Park Un Chul , Kim Young-Gon , Lee Eun Kyoung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
To predict, using deep learning, the first recurrence in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) after three monthly loading injections of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF).

Methods
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were obtained at baseline and after the loading phase. The first recurrence was defined as the initial appearance of a new retinal hemorrhage or intra/subretinal fluid accumulation after the initial resolution of exudative changes after three loading injections. Standard U-Net architecture was used to identify the three retinal fluid compartments, which include pigment epithelial detachment, subretinal fluid, and intraretinal fluid. To predict the first recurrence of nAMD, classification learning was conducted to determine whether the first recurrence occurred within three months after the loading phase. The recurrence classification architecture was built using ResNet50. The model with retinal regions of interest of the entire region and fluid region on OCT at baseline and after the loading phase is presented.

Results
A total of 1,444 eyes of 1,302 patients were included. The mean duration until the first recurrence after the loading phase was 8.20 ± 15.56 months. The recurrence classification system revealed that the model with the fluid region of OCT after the loading phase provided the highest classification performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.725 ± 0.012. Heatmap analysis revealed that three pathological fluids, subsided choroidal neovascularization lesions, and hyperreflective foci were important areas for the first recurrence.

Conclusions
The deep learning algorithm allowed for the prediction of the first recurrence for three months after the loading phase with adequate feasibility. An automated prediction system may assist in establishing patient-specific treatment plans and the provision of individualized medical care for patients with nAMD.
Gaps in sexual health content of healthcare professional curriculum: a systematic review of educational interventions
Authors: Prize Nikole Bekman Troxman , Kanat Sarit Shimony - , Wruble Anna C. Kienski Woloski 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Sexual health care, including assessment and patient teaching, is part of comprehensive patient care. Health professional (medical and nursing) students’ education in sexual health lacks uniformity in content and assessment skills.

Objectives
The current systematic review aimed to assess sexual health educational curriculum for health professional students regarding the educational content, duration, and evaluation of these educational interventions.

Methods
This systematic review followed the preferred reporting guidelines for systematic reviews. A comprehensive search was conducted between May–August, 2023 across four databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE), outlining 614 sources. Following the screening process, 36 educational intervention studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. The quality assessment of these studies was conducted using The Effective Public Health Project tool, which was found appropriate for evaluating this type of research.

Results
The studies had a global representation, with most studies conducted in the US. Limited nursing educational interventions were found. Three main categories emerged from the analysis of the educational interventions: one-time interventions, workshops, and semester courses. These categories differed in terms of their duration. Upon evaluating the educational intervention programs, it was found that the majority relied on participant self-reporting, while only a few included objective evaluations.

Conclusions
This review revealed inconsistencies in educational content for healthcare professional students and may impact their clinical skills, particularly in sexual health. The variation in content, duration, and evaluation methods created challenges in assessing the interventions. The lack of standardized sexual health education highlighted a significant gap, raising concerns about students’ ultimate proficiency in this area. Bridging this divide is essential by integrating comprehensive sexual health content and assessment skills into the health professional curriculum.
Clinical features and genetic analysis of a case series of skeletal ciliopathies in a prenatal setting
Authors: Peng Ying , Zhou Lin , Chen Jing , Huang Xiaoliang , Pang Jialun , Liu Jing , Tang Wanglan , Yang Shuting , Liang Changbiao , Xie Wanqin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Short-rib polydactyly syndrome (SRPS) refers to a group of lethal skeletal dysplasias that can be difficult to differentiate between subtypes or from other non-lethal skeletal dysplasias such as Ellis-van Creveld syndrome and Jeune syndrome in a prenatal setting. We report the ultrasound and genetic findings of four unrelated fetuses with skeletal dysplasias.

Methods
Systemic prenatal ultrasound examination was performed in the second or third trimester. Genetic tests including GTG-banding, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and exome sequencing were performed with amniocytes or aborted fetal tissues.

Results
The major and common ultrasound anomalies for the four unrelated fetuses included short long bones of the limbs and narrow thorax. No chromosomal abnormalities and pathogenic copy number variations were detected. Exome sequencing revealed three novel variants in the DYNC2H1 gene, namely NM_001080463.2:c.6809G > A p.(Arg2270Gln), NM_001080463.2:3133C > T p.(Gln1045Ter), and NM_001080463.2:c.337C > T p.(Arg113Trp); one novel variant in the IFT172 gene, NM_015662.3:4540-5 T > A; and one novel variant in the WDR19 gene, NM_025132.4:c.2596G > C p.(Gly866Arg). The genotypes of DYNC2H1, IFT172 and WDR19 and the phenotypes of the fetuses give hints for the diagnosis of short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) with or without polydactyly 3, 10, and 5, respectively.

Conclusion
Our findings expand the mutation spectrum of DYNC2H1, IFT172 and WDR19 associated with skeletal ciliopathies, and provide useful information for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling on rare skeletal disorders.
Identifying tumor cell-released extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis by a three-dimensional hydrogel-based electrochemical immunosensor
Authors: Zhang Yue , Pan Deng , Ning Zhenqiang , Huang Fang , Wei Yiting , Zhang Mingming , Zhang Yuanjian , Wang Li-xin , Shen Yanfei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTumor cell-released LC3+ extracellular vesicles (LC3+ EVs) participate in immunosuppression during autophagy and contribute to the occurrence and development of breast cancer. In view of the strong association between the LC3+ EVs and breast cancer, developing an effective strategy for the quantitative detection of LC3+ EVs levels with high sensitivity to identify LC3+ EVs as new biomarkers for accurate diagnosis of breast cancer is crucial, but yet not been reported. Herein, an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor is presented for the quantitative determination of LC3+ EVs using a three-dimensional graphene oxide hydrogel-methylene blue composite as a redox probe, showing a low detection limit and a wide linear range. With this immunosensor, the expression levels of LC3+ EVs in various practical sample groups including different cancer cell lines, the peripheral blood of tumor-bearing mice before and after immunotherapy, and the peripheral blood from breast cancer patients with different subtypes and stages were clearly distinguished. This study demonstrated that LC3+ EVs were superior as biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis of breast cancer compared to traditional biomarkers, particularly for cancer subtype discrimination. This work would provide a new noninvasive detection tool for the early diagnosis and prognosis assessment of breast cancer in clinics.
Effect of intravenous low-dose norepinephrine on blood loss in non-tourniquet total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia: a randomized, double-blind, controlled, single-center trial
Authors: Chen Shijie , Luo Fenqi , Lin Yuan , Yu Guoyu , Luo Jun , Xu Jie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
This prospective trial aimed to evaluate the effects of low-dose intravenous norepinephrine (NE) on intraoperative blood loss and bleeding from osteotomy sites during non-tourniquet total knee arthroplasty (TKA) under general anesthesia.

Methods
A total of 120 patients who underwent TKA between December 2020 and May 2022 were enrolled and randomly assigned to the intravenous low-dose NE Group (NE Group) or the control group (C Group). During surgery, NE Group received 0.05–0.1 μg/(kg min) of NE intravenously to raise and maintain the patient's mean arterial pressure (MAP). C Group received the same dose of saline as placebo. Intraoperative blood loss, bleeding score at osteotomy sites, Δlactate levels (Lac), postoperative complications, and transfusion rate during hospitalization were compared between groups.

Results
Intraoperative and osteotomy blood loss was significantly lower in the NE Group than in the C Group (P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in ΔLac between groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in complications between the groups 3 days after surgery (P > 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in blood transfusion rates between the two groups during hospitalization (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
In non-tourniquet TKA under general anesthesia, low-dose intravenous NE safely and effectively reduced intraoperative blood loss and provided a satisfactory osteotomy site while maintaining a higher MAP.
GCLiPP: global crosslinking and protein purification method for constructing high-resolution occupancy maps for RNA binding proteins
Authors: Zhu Wandi S. , Litterman Adam J. , Sekhon Harshaan S. , Kageyama Robin , Arce Maya M. , Taylor Kimberly E. , Zhao Wenxue , Criswell Lindsey A. , Zaitlen Noah , Erle David J. , Ansel K. Mark 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGCLiPP is a global RNA interactome capture method that detects RNA-binding protein (RBP) occupancy transcriptome-wide. GCLiPP maps RBP-occupied sites at a higher resolution than phase separation-based techniques. GCLiPP sequence tags correspond with known RBP binding sites and are enriched for sites detected by RBP-specific crosslinking immunoprecipitation (CLIP) for abundant cytosolic RBPs. Comparison of human Jurkat T cells and mouse primary T cells uncovers shared peaks of GCLiPP signal across homologous regions of human and mouse 3′ UTRs, including a conserved mRNA-destabilizing cis-regulatory element. GCLiPP signal overlapping with immune-related SNPs uncovers stabilizing cis-regulatory regions in CD5, STAT6, and IKZF1.
The functions of SET domain bifurcated histone lysine methyltransferase 1 (SETDB1) in biological process and disease
Authors: Luo Hanshen , Wu Xingliang , Zhu Xue-Hai , Yi Xin , Du Dunfeng , Jiang Ding-Sheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHistone methyltransferase SETDB1 (SET domain bifurcated histone lysine methyltransferase 1, also known as ESET or KMT1E) is known to be involved in the deposition of the di- and tri-methyl marks on H3K9 (H3K9me2 and H3K9me3), which are associated with transcription repression. SETDB1 exerts an essential role in the silencing of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in embryonic stem cells (mESCs) by tri-methylating H3K9 (H3K9me3) and interacting with DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). Additionally, SETDB1 is engaged in regulating multiple biological processes and diseases, such as ageing, tumors, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), by methylating both histones and non-histone proteins. In this review, we provide an overview of the complex biology of SETDB1, review the upstream regulatory mechanisms of SETDB1 and its partners, discuss the functions and molecular mechanisms of SETDB1 in cell fate determination and stem cell, as well as in tumors and other diseases. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and prospects of targeting SETDB1 for the treatment of different diseases, and we also suggest some future research directions in the field of SETDB1 research.
Clinical phenotypes and prognoses of microscopic polyangiitis based on kidney biopsies
Authors: Wang Juan , Li Rui , Zhou Wenyan , Lin Yanwei , Wang Xiaodong , Ye Shuang , Lu Liangjing , Zhang Minfang , Chen Sheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
To classify the different clinical phenotypes and compare the distinct prognoses of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 436 patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) from 2015 to 2022 was conducted in our center, of which 90 patients were diagnosed with MPA and underwent renal biopsy.

Results
Among the 90 MPA patients, 63% were female, and the median age at onset was 63 years (25th–75th percentile: 58–68). The median follow-up time was 26 months (25th–75th percentile: 10–53). We identified four subtypes: renal impairment type (cluster 1, 39%), pure type (cluster 2, 22%), systemic inflammation type (cluster 3, 26%), and rapid progress type (cluster 4, 13%). Cluster 1, characterized by renal dysfunction at onset (80%), demonstrated poor prognoses with only 26% achieved complete remission (CR), 11% dying, and 19% developing renal failure. In contrast, patients in cluster 2, exclusively female, most had only kidney involvement showed the best prognoses with 55% achieving CR and none experiencing death or renal failure within 10 years. Cluster 3 mostly consisted of males; high fever and C-reactive protein levels were the primary characteristics. These cases exhibited moderate prognoses with 53% achieving CR, 9% dying, and 4% developing renal failure. Finally, patients in cluster 4, which was characterized by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, had the worst prognoses, with none achieving CR, 8% dying, and 75% developing renal failure despite aggressive treatment.

Conclusions
MPA is classified into four subtypes with distinct clinical manifestations and prognoses.
A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in elderly patients with long-term type 2 diabetes mellitus mainly attended in private clinics in Mexico. The CAPTURE study
Authors: Arenas-León José L. , Morales-Villegas Enrique C. , Cardona-Muñoz Ernesto G. , Alcocer-Gamba Marco A. , Ramirez-Contreras Juan P. , Contreras-Sandoval Aleida Y. , González-Galvez Guillermo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
To estimate the contemporary prevalence of established cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexico.

Methods
CAPTURE was a multinational, non-interventional, cross-sectional study across 13 countries from five continents. Standardized demographic and clinical data were collected from adults with T2D attending a single routine healthcare visit in primary or specialized care between December 2018 and September 2019. Data from Mexico are analyzed in this study.

Results
Of the 9,823 patients included in the CAPTURE study, 820 (8.3%) participants were from Mexico, mainly attended in private centers (29.3% in 6 specialized diabetes treatment centers and 70.7% in 26 primary care centers). The median age was 63.0 years, 52.6% were women, the duration of diabetes was 11.8 years and the average HbA1c 7.5%. The weighted prevalence [95% CI] of CVD and atherosclerotic CVD was 36.9% [34.1–39.6] and 29.5% [26.7–32.3], respectively. Additionally, the prevalence of coronary heart disease, heart failure, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular disease was 23.1% [20.6–25-7], 8.4% [6.8–10.0], 5.0% [3.5–6.5] and 3.9% [2.6–5.2], respectively. Glucose lowering drugs were used in 88.5% of patients, being metformin the most commonly drug used (79.4%), followed by sulfonylureas (26.3%). SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists were used in 15.5% and 3.9%, respectively.

Conclusions
In Mexico, nearly four out of ten patients with T2D mainly attended in private centers have CVD, particularly atherosclerotic CVD. Most patients were not taking glucose lowering drugs with proven CV benefit.
An international comparison of gender differences in mental health among higher-education students during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a multilevel design
Authors: Van de Velde Sarah , De Cuyper Anneleen , De Kort Leen , Jacobs Kimberly , Somogyi Nikoletta , Tholen Robert , Van Eekert Nina , Buffel Veerle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMental health problems are a common phenomenon among higher-education students. How these mental health problems manifest themselves appears to differ between male and female students. While the latter group bears a greater risk of developing internalizing problems, with depression being particularly prevalent, these problems manifest themselves in male students mainly via externalizing disorders, with alcohol abuse being the most prevalent. Available cross-national research on students’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, to date, mainly focused on the prevalence of depressive symptoms, thereby ignoring a possible gendered impact of the pandemic.MethodsThe current study used the COVID-19 International Student Well-Being Study, which collected data on students’ mental health during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 26 countries, and multilevel modeling was applied.ResultsIt finds that, overall, female students reported more depressive feelings, and male students reported more excessive alcohol consumption. The strictness of the governmental containment measures explained a substantial amount of these gender differences in depressive feelings, but not in excessive alcohol consumption.ConclusionsOur study highlights that the COVID-19 pandemic had a gendered impact on students’ mental health. Studies that ignore the gendered impact of the COVID-19 pandemic are therefore limited in scope.
Exploring near-linearities in price–rate of profit trajectories and the concept of effective rank in input–output matrices
Authors: Tsoulfidis Lefteris 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in the controversies surrounding capital theory. At the heart of these debates are the empirically observed near-linearities in the price–rate of profit and wage rate of profit curves. This article posits that these near-linearities can be attributed to the low effective rank property inherent in the economy's system matrices of input–output coefficients. This suggests that a comprehensive representation of how prices evolve in response to changes in income distribution can be achieved with only a few eigenvalues and their respective eigenvectors. Furthermore, this low-dimensional system possesses the capability to capture the majority of distinctive features that characterize the input–output structure of the economy in relation to price movements.
Novel data-driven subtypes and stages of brain atrophy in the ALS–FTD spectrum
Authors: Shen Ting , Vogel Jacob W. , Duda Jeffrey , Phillips Jeffrey S. , Cook Philip A. , Gee James , Elman Lauren , Quinn Colin , Amado Defne A. , Baer Michael , Massimo Lauren , Grossman Murray , Irwin David J. , McMillan Corey T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
TDP-43 proteinopathies represent a spectrum of neurological disorders, anchored clinically on either end by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). The ALS–FTD spectrum exhibits a diverse range of clinical presentations with overlapping phenotypes, highlighting its heterogeneity. This study was aimed to use disease progression modeling to identify novel data-driven spatial and temporal subtypes of brain atrophy and its progression in the ALS–FTD spectrum.

Methods
We used a data-driven procedure to identify 13 anatomic clusters of brain volume for 57 behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD; with either autopsy-confirmed TDP-43 or TDP-43 proteinopathy-associated genetic variants), 103 ALS, and 47 ALS–FTD patients with likely TDP-43. A Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) model was trained to identify subtypes of individuals along the ALS–FTD spectrum with distinct brain atrophy patterns, and we related subtypes and stages to clinical, genetic, and neuropathological features of disease.

Results
SuStaIn identified three novel subtypes: two disease subtypes with predominant brain atrophy in either prefrontal/somatomotor regions or limbic-related regions, and a normal-appearing group without obvious brain atrophy. The limbic-predominant subtype tended to present with more impaired cognition, higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in TBK1 and TARDBP genes, and a higher proportion of TDP-43 types B, E and C. In contrast, the prefrontal/somatomotor-predominant subtype had higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in C9orf72 and GRN genes and higher proportion of TDP-43 type A. The normal-appearing brain group showed higher frequency of ALS relative to ALS–FTD and bvFTD patients, higher cognitive capacity, higher proportion of lower motor neuron onset, milder motor symptoms, and lower frequencies of genetic pathogenic variants. The overall SuStaIn stages also correlated with evidence for clinical progression including longer disease duration, higher King’s stage, and cognitive decline. Additionally, SuStaIn stages differed across clinical phenotypes, genotypes and types of TDP-43 pathology.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest distinct neurodegenerative subtypes of disease along the ALS–FTD spectrum that can be identified in vivo, each with distinct brain atrophy, clinical, genetic and pathological patterns.
A potential transition from a concentrated to a generalized HIV epidemic: the case of Madagascar
Authors: Alonso David , Vallès Xavier 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
HIV expansion is controlled by a range of interrelated factors, including the natural history of HIV infection and socio-economical and structural factors. However, how they dynamically interact in particular contexts to drive a transition from concentrated HIV epidemics in vulnerable groups to generalized epidemics is poorly understood. We aim to explore these mechanisms, using Madagascar as a case-study.

Methods
We developed a compartmental dynamic model using available data from Madagascar, a country with a contrasting concentrated epidemic, to explore the interaction between these factors with special consideration of commercial and transactional sex as HIV-infection drivers.

Results
The model predicts sigmoidal-like prevalence curves with turning points within years 2020–2022, and prevalence reaching stabilization by 2033 within 9 to 24% in the studied (10 out of 11) cities, similar to high-prevalence regions in Southern Africa. The late/slow introduction of HIV and circumcision, a widespread traditional practice in Madagascar, could have slowed down HIV propagation, but, given the key interplay between risky behaviors associated to young women and acute infections prevalence, mediated by transactional sex, the protective effect of circumcision is currently insufficient to contain the expansion of the disease in Madagascar.

Conclusions
These results suggest that Madagascar may be experiencing a silent transition from a concentrated to a generalized HIV epidemic. This case-study model could help to understand how this HIV epidemic transition occurs.

Graphical abstract