bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiome-metabolome interactions predict host condition
Authors: Shtossel Oshrit , Koren Omry , Shai Iris , Rinott Ehud , Louzoun Yoram 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The effect of microbes on their human host is often mediated through changes in metabolite concentrations. As such, multiple tools have been proposed to predict metabolite concentrations from microbial taxa frequencies. Such tools typically fail to capture the dependence of the microbiome-metabolite relation on the environment.

Results
We propose to treat the microbiome-metabolome relation as the equilibrium of a complex interaction and to relate the host condition to a latent representation of the interaction between the log concentration of the metabolome and the log frequencies of the microbiome. We develop LOCATE (Latent variables Of miCrobiome And meTabolites rElations), a machine learning tool to predict the metabolite concentration from the microbiome composition and produce a latent representation of the interaction. This representation is then used to predict the host condition.
LOCATE’s accuracy in predicting the metabolome is higher than all current predictors. The metabolite concentration prediction accuracy significantly decreases cross datasets, and cross conditions, especially in 16S data.
LOCATE’s latent representation predicts the host condition better than either the microbiome or the metabolome. This representation is strongly correlated with host demographics. A significant improvement in accuracy (0.793 vs. 0.724 average accuracy) is obtained even with a small number of metabolite samples ($$\sim 50$$

∼
50

).

Conclusion
These results suggest that a latent representation of the microbiome-metabolome interaction leads to a better association with the host condition than any of the two separated or the simple combination of the two.
Exploring the Mediterranean tsunami research landscape: scientometric insights and future prospects
Authors: Laksono F x Anjar Tri , Mishra Manoranjan , Mulyana Budi , Kovács János 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The Mediterranean Sea is a region characterized by high seismic activity, with at least 200 tsunami events recorded from the fourth century to the present twenty-first century. Numerous studies have been conducted to understand past tsunami events, earthquake–tsunami generation, tsunami recurrence periods, tsunami vulnerability zones, and tsunami hazard mitigation strategies. Therefore, gaining insights into future trends and opportunities in Mediterranean Sea tsunami research is crucial for significantly contributing to all relevant aspects. This study aims to assess such trends and opportunities through a scientometric analysis of publications indexed by Web of Science from 2000 to 2023.

Results
Based on a selection of 329 publications, including research articles, review articles, book chapters, and conference papers, published between 2000 and 2023, Italy has the highest number of publications and citations in this field. The number of publications has increased significantly, especially after the 2004 Indian Ocean, 2011 Tohoku, and 2018 Palu tsunamis. According to the keyword analysis, the terms “tsunami”, “earthquake”, “hazard”, “wave”, “Mediterranean”, “coast”, and “tectonic” were the most frequently used in these publications. Research themes consist of four classifications: motor themes, such as seismic hazard; specific but well-developed themes, like tsunamiite; emerging or disappearing themes, for example, climate change; and general or basic themes, such as equations and megaturbidite. The number of publications related to the motor theme classification continued to grow throughout 2000–2023. Topics from 2011–2023 are more complex compared to 2000–2010, characterized by the emergence of new keywords such as evacuation planning, risk reduction, risk mitigation, building vulnerability, coastal vulnerability, climate change, probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment (PTVA-3 and PTVA-4). However, topics that were popular in the 2000–2010 period (e.g., paleotsunami deposits, earthquake, and tsunami propagation analysis) also increased in 2011–2023.

Conclusions
Research topics with high centrality and density such as seismic hazard will continue to develop and prospect. The cluster network of this topic includes seismoturbidites, sedimentary features, tsunami modeling, active faults, catalog, and historical earthquakes.
An automatic method using MFCC features for sleep stage classification
Authors: Pei Wei , Li Yan , Wen Peng , Yang Fuwen , Ji Xiaopeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSleep stage classification is a necessary step for diagnosing sleep disorders. Generally, experts use traditional methods based on every 30 seconds (s) of the biological signals, such as electrooculograms (EOGs), electrocardiograms (ECGs), electromyograms (EMGs), and electroencephalograms (EEGs), to classify sleep stages. Recently, various state-of-the-art approaches based on a deep learning model have been demonstrated to have efficient and accurate outcomes in sleep stage classification. In this paper, a novel deep convolutional neural network (CNN) combined with a long short-time memory (LSTM) model is proposed for sleep scoring tasks. A key frequency domain feature named Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) is extracted from EEG and EMG signals. The proposed method can learn features from frequency domains on different bio-signal channels. It firstly extracts the MFCC features from multi-channel signals, and then inputs them to several convolutional layers and an LSTM layer. Secondly, the learned representations are fed to a fully connected layer and a softmax classifier for sleep stage classification. The experiments are conducted on two widely used sleep datasets, Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS) and Vincent’s University Hospital/University College Dublin Sleep Apnoea (UCDDB) to test the effectiveness of the method. The results of this study indicate that the model can perform well in the classification of sleep stages using the features of the 2-dimensional (2D) MFCC feature. The advantage of using the feature is that it can be used to input a two-dimensional data stream, which can be used to retain information about each sleep stage. Using 2D data streams can reduce the time it takes to retrieve the data from the one-dimensional stream. Another advantage of this method is that it eliminates the need for deep layers, which can help improve the performance of the model. For instance, by reducing the number of layers, our seven layers of the model structure takes around 400 s to train and test 100 subjects in the SHHS1 dataset. Its best accuracy and Cohen’s kappa are 82.35% and 0.75 for the SHHS dataset, and 73.07% and 0.63 for the UCDDB dataset, respectively.
Discussing the gaps in the science and practice of lived experience engagement in mental health and substance use research: results of knowledge mobilization activities
Authors: Hawke Lisa D. , Rockburne Faith , Hiebert Melissa , Putterman Connie , Sheikhan Natasha Y. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Engaging people with lived experience of mental health or substance use challenges and family members (PWLE) improves the quality and relevance of the associated research, but it can be challenging to include them meaningfully and authentically in the work.

Knowledge mobilization events
After reviewing the literature on the science of lived experience engagement, we held two knowledge mobilization events to translate the findings to relevant partners and collect their feedback to guide our future research. A total of 55 people attended, bringing the perspective of people with lived experience, family members, research staff, research trainees, and scientists, as well as attendees holding multiple roles. We presented the scoping review findings, then held discussions to solicit feedback and encourage the sharing of perspectives.

Attendee perspectives
Through small and large group discussion activities, we found that our scoping review findings resonated with the attendees’ personal experiences with engagement in mental health and substance use research. Among the gaps highlighted in the discussions, the two that were most emphasized were the critical importance of improving diversity in engagement work in mental health and substance use, and the importance of addressing gaps around communication, relationships, rapport, and power dynamics in engagement spaces.

Conclusions
Diversity, communication, relationships, and power dynamics emerge as key areas of work needed in the near future to advance the science of PWLE engagement in mental health and substance use research. We commit to pursuing the work that is considered of greatest need by a range of partners this research engagement sphere. We call on researchers in this area to continue this line of work, with a focus on the areas of research identified by attendees.
Analgesic effect of neuromodulation using the AT-04 portable magnetic field-generating device in a patient with neuropathic pain: a case report
Authors: Sawada Atsushi , Yamakage Michiaki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Neuromodulation by magnetic field through the AT-04 (ait® (AT-04); Peace of Mind Co., Ltd., Kumamoto, Japan) has improved allodynia in neuropathic pain model rats. This report focuses on neuromodulation through magnetic field exposure using the AT-04 that provided an analgesic effect in a patient with neuropathic pain.

Case presentation
A 47-year-old man presented with flaccid paralysis and extensive neuropathic pain and scored 7 on the 11-point Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for his left upper limb. The patient was treated with neuromodulation by magnetic field exposure using the AT-04. Baseline NRS scores were obtained three times daily during the baseline period (days 1–5). Magnetic field exposure was then performed for 30 min three times daily (morning, noon, and evening) at home for 36 days, which was termed the intervention period (days 6–41). During the baseline period, the median NRS score was 7 and the baseline NRS score for calculating the percentage of nonoverlap data (PND) was 6. During the intervention period, the median NRS score was 4 and the PND value of the NRS score was 77.8% (28/36). Neuromodulation by magnetic field exposure using the AT-04 effectively decreased the patient’s NRS score. The patient had no adverse effects during the intervention period.

Conclusions
Neuromodulation by magnetic field exposure using the AT-04 was effective in decreasing the NRS score in a patient with neuropathic pain. The AT-04 portable magnetic field-generating device shows potential as a therapeutic option for refractory neuropathic pain.
Experimental analysis for optimization of process parameters in machining using coated tools
Authors: Mohanta Dillip Kumar , Sahoo Bidyadhar , Mohanty Ardhendu Mouli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractManufacturers are facing challenges in achieving high productivity and quality in manufacturing through machining. PVD-coated tools can control several machining challenges by enhancing hardness and abrasion resistance of the cutting tool. These tools facilitate turning operations in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and productivity by extending cutting performance and tool life. Aluminum bronze, a copper alloy valued for its mechanical, thermal, corrosion, and wear-resistant properties, finds application in diverse industries such as aerospace, automobile, marine, and electrical engineering, as well as in the creation of sculptures, decorative elements, and thermal devices. However, machining aluminum bronze presents common challenges, including achieving a smooth surface finish and minimizing high cutting force due to its inherent strength and abrasiveness. This research aims at identifying the optimal levels of cutting velocity, feed, and depth of cut to minimize surface roughness and cutting force during dry turning of wear-resistant high-strength CuAl10Fe5Ni5-C. PVD AlTiN-coated tools were utilized, which offer many advantages over others. Experiments were conducted through Taguchi’s L27 OA (orthogonal array) of factors. The results indicate that coated tools have superior performance in reducing surface roughness and cutting force. When it comes to designing and optimizing experiments, integrating PCA with Taguchi method is a potent strategy. Again, it was observed that feed is the most influential factor affecting responses.
Tectonic analysis of the Mula River Basin, Kirthar fold belt, Pakistan, using hypsometric index
Authors: Hussain Ammar , Afzal Amna , Khan Shuhab D. 
Published: February 2024

The Mula River Basin is in an active tectonic region of the Kirthar fold fault belt in the Western Himalayas. The presence of numerous major faults like Chaman Fault, Kirthar Frontal Fault, and Bannh Fault near the study suggests complex tectonic processes in the region. The seismic record of the study area also indicates that this area is tectonically active. This makes the study area an ideal site to measure tectonic activity through geomorphic indices like hypsometric integrals (HI). For tectonic analysis of the Mula River Basin, we divided the study area into 309 subbasins. The results obtained from the HI calculations for the subbasins led us to the classification of the study area into three classes, i.e., class 1 (0.51–0.78), class 2 (0.37–0.50), and class 3 ([Formula: see text]), where class 1 is for the highest tectonic activity, class 2 responds to moderate, and class 3 is for the lowest tectonic activity. We calculated the hypsometric curves to understand the geomorphological cycle of the Mula River Basin. We quantified the subbasins of the Mula River Basin inside the highly active tectonic zone of Kirthar fold and fault zone as per their tectonic activity and found that a major portion of the study area indicates low tectonic activity (44.33%), medium tectonically active, and high tectonically active subbasins are 37.86% and 17.79%, respectively. These findings are supported by the presence of high-relief areas and known faults in the study area.
FEATURES OF FORMATION OF READINESS OF FUTURE TEACHERS TO BUILD A PROFESSIONAL CAREER IN CHANGING CONDITIONS
Authors: Bakhtiyarova Venera F. , Gabidullina Svetlana M. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The professional activity of a teacher is multifunctional, and responsibility for their own professional success rests with the teacher himself. However, a significant part of the graduates of the pedagogical university is not ready enough to build their professional career.
The purpose of the work is to theoretically substantiate and describe the effectiveness of the implementation of pedagogical conditions that ensure the formation of the readiness of future teachers to build a professional career.
Methods and materials. Systematic, acmeological, activity-based, personality-oriented approaches are considered as the methodological basis of the author’s research. The solution of research tasks is provided by a set of complementary theoretical and empirical methods.
Results. The essence of the concept of readiness of future teachers to build a professional career is clarified. The criterion apparatus for determining the readiness of future teachers to build a professional career is presented. The effectiveness of pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of future teachers to build a professional career has been experimentally proved. The research materials can be used in the system of secondary vocational and higher pedagogical education to form students – future teachers’ readiness to build a professional career.
Conclusion. The revealed pedagogical conditions contribute to the formation of the readiness of future teachers to build a professional career. The presented practical experience can be used in the construction of a professional training space for future teachers and in other educational organizations.
METHODS OF COMPOSITION TRAINING IN FORMATION OF AESTHETIC CULTURE OF ARTISTIC AND PEDAGOGICAL SPECIALTIES STUDENTS
Authors: Filimonyuk Lyudmila A. , Konoval Anastasia R. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose. The article is devoted to the topic of the use of composition teaching methods in the process of forming the aesthetic culture of students, which is relevant in the conditions of modern art and pedagogical education. The subject of analysis is the methods of teaching composition in order to increase the level of aesthetic culture of students, future teachers of fine arts. The author aims to reveal the potential and role of composition teaching methods in the process of forming the aesthetic culture of students.
Method or methodology of the work. The study is based on a systematic approach that made it possible to consider the problem in the relationship between the methods of teaching composition and the process of forming the aesthetic culture of students. The study is based on methods of studying and analyzing the theoretical and methodological literature, which examine aspects of this problem, comparative analysis of the literature, as well as the systematization of the information obtained.
Results. The teaching methods applicable to composition classes in order to form the aesthetic culture of artistic and pedagogical specialties students are described.
Scope of the results. The results obtained can be applied in the practice of training future fine arts teachers.
A SYSTEM FOR DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL PREPAREDNESS OF SOCIOCULTURAL SPECIALISTS FOR CREATIVE INTERACTION IN A DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Karnikova Olga P. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose. The article is dedicated to the issue of designing a system of developing preparedness of sociocultural specialists to creative interaction in the digital learning environment.
Materials and methods. The author substantiates the relevance of designing this system by the need to integrate sociocultural, pedagogical and digital aspects of professional activities in the professional training. In the course of the study, an analysis of scientific literature related to the study problem was conducted. The findings were then systematized and generalized to create a comprehensive system that captures the interconnectedness of social, cultural, and digital aspects of the professional activities. The research methods included the analysis of theoretical sources, the study and generalization of researchers’ experience on the issues of professional training of sociocultural specialists, as well as the analysis of empirical research and system design.
Results. The study describes a developed and pedagogically substantiated system for raising preparedness of sociocultural specialists to creative interaction in a digital learning environment, including the main structural elements of the system, methodological approaches and principles that determine the internal logic of its development, as well as the set of conditions that ensure its effectiveness.
Scope of application of the results. The results of this study are aimed at increasing the quality and enhancing the system of organization of professional training of these specialists.
REQUIREMENTS OF EMPLOYERS TO THE LEVEL OF TRAINING OF GRADUATES AS A FACTOR OF TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Authors: Valeeva Svetlana N. , Kraynova Olga S. 
Published: February 2024

In the digital age, the ability to apply technology and digital tools is crucial to the professional success of professionals in any field.
Employers in today’s digital economy give priority to specialists with the necessary set of knowledge, skills and skills for effective work in production, including those who own digital competencies, digital tools.
This study presents the results of a survey of employers from the standpoint of satisfaction with the set of competencies of graduates of master’s degree, for subsequent employment.
The purpose is to assess the level of compliance of master’s educational programs and the formation of digital competencies of graduates in the context of the requirements of modern employers.
Methods and methodology of the study: to carry out the study, a survey of employers was used. Tabular methods were used to present the results of the study.
Results. The obtained results allowed to draw conclusions about the need to transform the educational programs of the magistracy with the introduction of disciplines aimed at the formation of digital competencies.
Field of application of the results: it is advisable to apply the results with the purpose of improving the quality of training of graduates of master’s degree. The results will allow universities to align their educational programs with the changing needs of the labor market, ensuring that graduates receive the relevant competences demanded by modern employers.
FACTORS AFFECTING MOTIVATION TO STUDY FOREIGN LANGUAGES AT THE STAGE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
Authors: Korobkova Zarina R. , Sabirova Diana R. 
Published: February 2024

Motivation in teaching a foreign language is one of the most important issues discussed both in theoretical research and in the daily work of a teacher. Realizing the multidimensional nature of this concept, which includes the learning process, the purpose of this article is to identify the key factors influencing motivation to learn foreign languages from the point of view of students in grades 10 and 11, as well as to compare theory and practice and formulate general conditions that can be used for further research and improvement of the educational process.
The main method of this study is the survey method. The survey was aimed at identifying the motives that motivate respondents to learn foreign languages and develop skills that they consider to be the most important.
The theoretical part of the article presents the opinions of some authors and experts on the essence of motivation to learn foreign languages, the key types of motives, and their impact on the effectiveness and long-term viability of the process under consideration.
The practical part of the article presents the quantitative results of a survey conducted among high school students who expressed their subjective opinion about both internal and external factors that encourage them to learn a foreign language. Although the numerical results of the survey do not provide a complete picture of the complex concept of motivation, it allows you to learn about the subjective opinion of high school students in terms of their preferences regarding language activities and expectations in relation to the teacher and the learning process. The specific results of the study are to identify motivation factors within the framework of learning a foreign language among students in grades 10 and 11. These results can be used by teachers in the process of teaching high school students foreign languages.
In the course of the conducted research, it was concluded that there is a connection between the survey results and theoretical data. Together, they point to the importance of communication, the creation of interesting and diverse lessons, the use of authentic materials and the organization of individual and pair work to stimulate motivation to learn foreign languages from the point of view of students in grades 10 and 11.