bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ visualization of m6A sites in cellular mRNAs
Authors: Sheehan Charles J , Marayati Bahjat Fadi , Bhatia Janvi , Meyer Kate D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant RNA modification which plays critical roles in RNA function and cellular physiology. However, our understanding of how m6A is spatially regulated remains limited due to a lack of methods for visualizing methylated transcripts of interest in cells. Here, we develop DART-FISH, a method for in situ visualization of specific m6A sites in target RNAs which enables simultaneous detection of both m6A-modified and unmodified transcript copies. We demonstrate the ability of DART-FISH to visualize m6A in a variety of mRNAs across diverse cell types and to provide information on the location and stoichiometry of m6A sites at single-cell resolution. Finally, we use DART-FISH to reveal that m6A is not sufficient for mRNA localization to stress granules during oxidative stress. This technique provides a powerful tool for examining m6A-modified transcript dynamics and investigating methylated RNA localization in individual cells.
Public sector wage compression and wage inequality: gender and geographic heterogeneity
Authors: Rattsø Jørn , Stokke Hildegunn E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Studies of wage inequality concentrate on private wages. Public sector wages are typically assumed to contribute to the overall wage equality. We challenge this understanding in an analysis of the relative skill premium in the public versus private sectors. The analysis of heterogeneity across gender and geography is based on rich register data for Norway. The raw data confirm the relative wage compression in the public sector. However, this is a male phenomenon and only prevalent in large cities when unobserved worker and firm characteristics are taken into account. With identification based on shifters between private and public sectors and movers between city-size groups, wage setting for female workers in the public sector increases wage inequality in all regions, particularly in the periphery. The result is consistent with policies promoting the recruitment of high-educated female workers and the expansion of public services in the periphery counterbalancing the desired equality effect of public wages.
In Vivo Emergence of Pandrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strain: Comprehensive Resistance Characterization and Compassionate Use of Sulbactam-Durlobactam
Authors: VanNatta Mollie , Grier Laurie , Khan Muhammad H , Pinargote Cornejo Paulette , Alam Mohammad , Moussa Samir H , Smith Jennifer G , Aitken Samuel L , Malek Alexandre E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The treatment of patients with infection secondary to carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii with emerging cefiderocol resistance remains challenging and unclear. We present a case of in vivo emergence of pandrug-resistant A baumannii that was successfully treated with the compassionate use of investigational sulbactam-durlobactam–based antibiotic regimen. We also performed a longitudinal genomic analysis of the bacterial isolates and showed the development of resistance and genetic mutations over time.
The LIKE SEX FOUR 1–malate dehydrogenase complex functions as a scaffold to recruit β-amylase to promote starch degradation
Authors: Liu Jian , Wang Xuecui , Guan Zeyuan , Wu Menglong , Wang Xinyue , Fan Rong , Zhang Fei , Yan Junjun , Liu Yanjun , Zhang Delin , Yin Ping , Yan Junjie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In plant leaves, starch is composed of glucan polymers that accumulate in chloroplasts as the products of photosynthesis during the day; starch is mobilized at night to continuously provide sugars to sustain plant growth and development. Efficient starch degradation requires the involvement of several enzymes, including β-amylase and glucan phosphatase. However, how these enzymes cooperate remains largely unclear. Here, we show that the glucan phosphatase LIKE SEX FOUR 1 (LSF1) interacts with plastid NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase (MDH) to recruit β-amylase (BAM1), thus reconstituting the BAM1–LSF1–MDH complex. The starch hydrolysis activity of BAM1 drastically increased in the presence of LSF1–MDH in vitro. We determined the structure of the BAM1–LSF1–MDH complex by a combination of cryo-electron microscopy, crosslinking mass spectrometry, and molecular docking. The starch-binding domain of the dual-specificity phosphatase and carbohydrate-binding module of LSF1 was docked in proximity to BAM1, thus facilitating BAM1 access to and hydrolysis of the polyglucans of starch, thus revealing the molecular mechanism by which the LSF1–MDH complex improves the starch degradation activity of BAM1. Moreover, LSF1 is phosphatase inactive, and the enzymatic activity of MDH was dispensable for starch degradation, suggesting nonenzymatic scaffold functions for LSF1–MDH in starch degradation. These findings provide important insights into the precise regulation of starch degradation.
Kinetic inductance detectors on calcium fluoride substrate for astroparticle physics
Authors: Ishidoshiro K , Kobayashi T , Hosokawa K , Kawamura Y , Kamei Y , Mima S , Otani C , Suzuki A A , Zulfakri M , Taino T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We propose the utilization of inorganic crystals as substrates for kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs), which are thin-film superconducting resonators, for future rare event studies. When energy is deposited on the substrate, phonons are generated and propagate from the substrate to the surface, where KIDs are fabricated. This approach expands the potential for utilizing a diverse range of target crystals. We implement KIDs on calcium fluoride (CaF2) substrates, since 19F is sensitive to dark matter with spin-dependent interaction and 48Ca is one of the double-β decay nuclei. We have experimentally demonstrated the operation of the KIDs on the CaF2 substrate and their phonon-mediated particle detection.
Quantifying Turning Tasks With Wearable Sensors: A Reliability Assessment
Authors: Weston Angela R , Antonellis Prokopios , Fino Peter C , Hoppes Carrie W , Lester Mark E , Weightman Margaret M , Dibble Leland E , King Laurie A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to establish the test–retest reliability of metrics obtained from wearable inertial sensors that reflect turning performance during tasks designed to imitate various turns in daily activity.

Methods
Seventy-one adults who were healthy completed 3 turning tasks: a 1-minute walk along a 6-m walkway, a modified Illinois Agility Test (mIAT), and a complex turning course (CTC). Peak axial turning and rotational velocity (yaw angular velocity) were extracted from wearable inertial sensors on the head, trunk, and lumbar spine. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were established to assess the test–retest reliability of average peak turning speed for each task. Lap time was collected for reliability analysis as well.

Results
Turning speed across all tasks demonstrated good to excellent reliability, with the highest reliability noted for the CTC (45-degree turns: ICC = 0.73–0.81; 90-degree turns: ICC = 0.71–0.83; and 135-degree turns: ICC = 0.72–0.80). The reliability of turning speed during 180-degree turns from the 1-minute walk was consistent across all body segments (ICC = 0.74–0.76). mIAT reliability ranged from fair to excellent (end turns: ICC = 0.52–0.72; mid turns: ICC = 0.50–0.56; and slalom turns: ICC = 0.66–0.84). The CTC average lap time demonstrated good test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.69), and the mIAT average lap time test–retest reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.91).

Conclusion
Turning speed measured by inertial sensors is a reliable outcome across a variety of ecologically valid turning tasks that can be easily tested in a clinical environment.

Impact
Turning performance is a reliable and important measure that should be included in clinical assessments and clinical trials.
Cost-effectiveness of farm- vs. regional-level climate change mitigation policies
Authors: Tarruella Marta , Huber Robert , Mack Gabriele , El Benni Nadja , Finger Robert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Agriculture is a significant source of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, making reduction targets crucially needed. Worldwide, countries have set agricultural GHG reduction goals and discussed methods to reach them. A crucial aspect is, whether the policy target level is set at the individual farm or at a regional level. In this context, we assess the advantages regarding cost-effectiveness and GHG-reduction potential of targets at the regional level. First, we use the bioeconomic farm-level model FarmDyn to simulate the changes in income and GHG emissions of 65 Swiss dairy farms. Secondly, we develop an optimisation algorithm to compare the efficiency and efficacy of these two target approaches. Our analysis reveals that regional targets, which consider the heterogenous abatement costs of the sector, are more cost-efficient than farm-level ones. Specifically, they enable a 10 per cent GHG reduction at 88 per cent lower costs, suggesting they might be a more cost-effective alternative to taxation.
Silicon law of oligarchy: patterns of member participation in the decision-making of platform cooperatives
Authors: Bunders Damion J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Platform cooperatives that are owned and governed by gig workers themselves have been proposed as a silver bullet to improve these workers’ influence on organizational decision-making. However, they remain relatively rare compared with dominant investor-owned platforms. Traditionally, worker cooperatives strive for alternative organizing based on the ideal of workplace democracy but are often faced with unequal participation by members in decision-making processes. To test for participation inequalities, this study used survey data (n = 418) from a network of four platform worker cooperatives in Italy. The results show that members with lower affective commitment towards their cooperative and less social capital among other members are less likely to participate, but that there is no effect of cooperative size and human capital.
From Praising the Remedy to Eulogising the Patient: Cristóbal de Castillejo’s Satire of Guaiac in Early Modern Spain
Authors: Bičak Ivana 
Published: October 2023

Summary
The article examines the contemporary satiric treatment of a new transatlantic drug, guaiac, in a sixteenth-century poem by the Castilian writer Cristóbal de Castillejo, entitled En alabança del palo de las Indias, estando en la cura dél (In Praise of the Wood of the Indies, being under its treatment). The article contributes to the body of scholarship on the history of medicine in general and the history of herbal medicine in particular. The investigation of the poem embraces historical contextualisation, early modern rhetoric and classical reception. The article demonstrates the two-way relationship between early modern satire and medicine, arguing that the special significance of satiric productions that engage with medical themes lies in the inventive combination of the literary reality and empirical reality.
Medial Septal Glutamatergic Neurons Modulate States of Consciousness during Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Mice
Authors: Xia Jun-Ming , Fan Bing-Qian , Yi Xiu-Wen , Ni Wen-Wen , Zhou Yu , Chen Dan-Dan , Yi Wen-Jing , Feng Li-Li , Xia Ying , Li Shuang-Shuang , Qu Wei-Min , Han Yuan , Huang Zhi-Li , Li Wen-Xian 
Published: October 2023

Background
Multiple neural structures involved in maintaining wakefulness have been found to promote arousal from general anesthesia. The medial septum is a critical region that modulates arousal behavior. This study hypothesized that glutamatergic neurons in the medial septum play a crucial role in regulating states of consciousness during sevoflurane general anesthesia.

Methods
Adult male mice were used in this study. The effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on neuronal activity were determined by fiber photometry. Lesions and chemogenetic manipulations were used to study the effects of the altered activity of medial septal glutamatergic neurons on anesthesia induction, emergence, and sensitivity to sevoflurane. Optogenetic stimulation was used to observe the role of acute activation of medial septal glutamatergic neurons on cortical activity and behavioral changes during sevoflurane-induced continuous steady state of general anesthesia and burst suppression state.

Results
The authors found that medial septal glutamatergic neuronal activity decreased during sevoflurane anesthesia induction and recovered in the early period of emergence. Chemogenetic activation of medial septal glutamatergic neurons prolonged the induction time (mean ± SD, hM3Dq–clozapine N-oxide vs. hM3Dq–saline, 297.5 ± 60.1 s vs. 229.4 ± 29.9 s, P < 0.001, n = 11) and decreased the emergence time (53.2 ± 11.8 s vs. 77.5 ± 33.5 s, P = 0.025, n = 11). Lesions or chemogenetic inhibition of these neurons produced the opposite effects. During steady state of general anesthesia and deep anesthesia–induced burst suppression state, acute optogenetic activation of medial septal glutamatergic neurons induced cortical activation and behavioral emergence.

Conclusions
The study findings reveal that activation of medial septal glutamatergic neurons has arousal-promoting effects during sevoflurane anesthesia in male mice. The activation of these neurons prolongs the induction and accelerates the emergence of anesthesia.

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What Are the Psychosocial Effects of Pavlik Harness Treatment? A Prospective Study on Perceived Impact on Families and Maternal-Infant Bonding
Authors: Batley Morgan G. , Gornitzky Alex L. , Sarkar Sulagna , Sankar Wudbhav N. 
Published: October 2023

Background:The Pavlik harness (PH) is the most common treatment for infants with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Although success rates are high when used appropriately, brace treatment may impact family function and parental bonding. The purpose of this study was to prospectively determine how PH treatment affected these psychosocial variables.Methods:This is a prospective, single-surgeon study at a tertiary-care, urban, academic children’s hospital between November 2022 and March 2023. All patients newly treated with a Pavlik were eligible. Caregivers were administered the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire and the Revised Impact on Family Scale (rIOFS) at the baseline visit and 2- and 6 weeks following treatment initiation. Demographic and treatment-specific information was collected through surveys and retrospective chart review. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were used.Results:A total of 55 caregiver-child dyads were included in the final analysis. Most patients were female (89%) and/or first-born (73%). Forty (73%) hips were diagnosed as having stable dysplasia. rIOFS scores steadily improved from baseline, through 2- and 6 weeks posttreatment initiation. Six-week rIOFS scores were significantly lower than both baseline (P=0.002) and 2 weeks (P=0.018). Average parental bonding scores also improved steadily throughout treatment and did not surpass the threshold of clinical concern at any time. Neither full-time harness use (24 h/d vs. 23 h/d based upon clinical stability) nor age at treatment initiation had a statistically significant effect on parental bonding or family functioning (allP>0.05). Additional demographic variables such as birth order, parental history of anxiety/depression, and relative socioeconomic disadvantage also had no significant effect on psychosocial outcomes.Conclusion:PH treatment did not significantly impact maternal-fetal bonding or family dynamics. Relative to other pediatric diseases, PH treatment has an impact on family life greater than that of single-leg spica, but less than that of school-age children with chronic medical illnesses. As PH treatment is a widely used treatment for infantile developmental dysplasia of the hip, this study provides information that clinicians may use to more accurately counsel families and assuage parental concerns.Levels of Evidence:Level IV—prospective uncontrolled cohort study.
Subtalar Distraction Bone Block Arthrodesis for Calcaneus Fracture Malunion
Authors: Ramanathan Deepak , Rascoe Alexander S. , Anastasio Albert T. , McGroarty Neil K. , Chen Jie , Schweitzer Karl M. 
Published: October 2023

Intra-articular calcaneus fractures are associated with a high rate of malunion resulting in hindfoot and ankle impingement, peroneal tendinitis, sural neuritis, arthritis, hindfoot varus or valgus deformity, loss of hindfoot height, and resulting gastrocnemius-soleus complex weakness and gait dysfunction. These issues can arise whether the patient’s injury is treated conservatively with non–weight-bearing precautions, neglected/missed, or treated surgically with open reduction and internal fixation. The sequelae of calcaneal malunions can arise early or late in this process.
For patients undergoing subtalar arthrodesis following calcaneus fracture malunion, the use of a bone block wedge can assist with achieving a stable, well-aligned, pain-free hindfoot. Patient selection, preoperative planning, careful surgical technique, and compliance with postoperative care pathways are critical to optimize patient outcomes and healing of this complex reconstruction. Recent evidence supports the utility of weight-bearing CT to assist with preoperative planning for subtalar arthrodesis.
Wedges used in subtalar distraction arthrodesis include bulk autograft (tricortical iliac crest), allograft (pre-fashioned or intraoperatively fashioned wedges from femoral head allograft or other source), and metallic wedges. These wedges are typically secured with screws spanning and compressing the arthrodesis site, which is filled with a mixture of concentrated bone marrow aspirate, bone growth factors, and allograft bone. Concomitant procedures may be indicated to ensure the overall success of the procedure, such as extra-articular, calcaneal osteotomy for additional realignment purposes and/or arthrolysis. A review of the literature shows high rates of union following subtalar bone block arthrodesis with improved functional outcomes. Our preferred technique for a bone block distraction subtalar arthrodesis, described herein, includes the use of an allograft wedge.
Ongoing advances, such as the development of novel materials and structures for use in subtalar bone block arthrodesis, but most importantly, the incorporation of weight-bearing CT technology and potential for preoperative CT navigation to make this procedure more predictable, are all important areas for further exploration and future research.

Level of Evidence:
Level—IV.
Delirium Care by Intensive Care Unit Nurses
Authors: Ku Ya-Lie , Tang Min-Hua , Chen Shu-Ming , Kuo Wen-Ying , Huang Kuo-Tung 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
Studies have identified many nursing interventions that can prevent delirium and fall accidents in clinical patients, detect and treat delirium early to prevent functional decline in the patient, shorten hospitalization duration, and lower the death rate. This study aimed to explore delirium care by intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in a medical center of southern Taiwan.

Methods
This study conducted 3 semistructured focus group interviews, each for a single medical ICU, involving groups of 6 to 8 nurses each. The nurses were recruited through purposive sampling. This research was approved by an institutional review board in the medical center of southern Taiwan from March 31, 2020, to January 30, 2021. The co–principal investigator described the purpose and process of this study to the participants before they provided their written informed consents. The interviews were conducted in the meeting room and were audiotape recorded. The recordings were transcribed and subject to content analysis to identify the themes of delirium care.

Results
For nursing interventions of delirium, satisfying the patient's physical needs: comfort care, massages, and early rehabilitation; and psychological care: being presence, communication, and ensuring familial support were included. In terms of environmental interventions for delirium, providing reorientation, music, light, belongings with sentimental value, and audiovisual equipment were included. However, according to the recruited medical ICU nurses, these nonpharmacological interventions, although effective, do not have long-lasting effects. Finally, nurses reported themselves as having been attacked by patients with delirium. Thus, they all agreed that restraining patients with delirium may be necessary, but restraining is a double-edged sword for ICU delirium patients.

Conclusions
Research team suggests for future studies to extend their evidence-based findings of physical, psychological, and environmental care for ICU delirium patients toward integrating the efforts of various health care professionals.
Analysis of Nursing Staff Management for a Semi-intensive Pulmonology Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using the Nursing Activities Score
Authors: Tack Jérôme , Bruyneel Arnaud , Bouillon Yoan , Taton Olivier , Taccone Fabio , Pirson Magali 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
During the COVID-19 pandemic, a shortage of intensive care unit beds was encountered across Europe. Opening a semi-intensive pulmonary ward freed up intensive care unit beds. This study aimed to determine the appropriate nurse staffing level for a semi-intensive pulmonology unit (SIPU) for patients with COVID-19 and to identify factors associated with an increase in nursing workload in this type of unit.

Methods
This was a retrospective study of the SIPU of the Erasme university clinics in Belgium. Nursing staff was determined with the Nursing Activities Score (NAS) during the second wave of COVID-19 in Belgium.

Results
During the study period, 59 patients were admitted to the SIPU, and a total of 416 NAS scores were encoded. The mean (±SD) NAS was 70.3% (±16.6%). Total NAS varied significantly depending on the reason for admission: respiratory distress (mean [SD] NAS, 71.6% [±13.9%]) or critical illness–related weakness (65.1% ± 10.9%). The items encoded were significantly different depending on the reason for admission. In multivariate analysis, body mass index > 30 (odds ratio [OR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-3.30) and higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score (OR, 1.05; 95 CI, 1.02-1.11) were associated with higher NAS. Patients admitted via the emergency department (OR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.15-5.22) had higher NAS. Patients on noninvasive ventilation (OR, 13.65; 95% CI, 3.76-49.5) and oxygen therapy (OR, 4.29; 95% CI, 1.27-14.48) had higher NAS. High peripheral venous oxygen saturation (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78-0.94) was a predictor of lower workload.

Conclusion
A ratio of 2 nurses to 3 patients is necessary for SIPU care of patients with COVID-19. Factors associated with higher workload were high Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score, body mass index > 30, admission via emergency room, patients on oxygen, and noninvasive ventilation.