bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Comparative Efficacy of Endometrial Biopsy using Pipelle and Diagnostic Dilatation & Curettage in Mariano Marcos Memorial Hospital and Medical Center
Authors: Sutedja Melody Nethania , Ruth Judith Gay V. Cristobal  , Maria Constancia Celina C. Ferraris  , Czarina Juliana L. Alcaraz  , Gisele V. Gonzales-Acantilado  
Published: October 2023

Background: The use of Pipelle sampling for endometrial histology and pathology is of some controversy - and vast importance. Pipelle procedures are performed commonly in medical offices when women show abnormal vaginal bleeding. While the method has several advantages over dilatation and curettage (D&C), clinical questions exist on the precision and accuracy of the procedure. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Pipelle biopsy sampling versus Dilatation & Curettage (D&C) in adequacy of sampling specimen in terms of cost effectiveness, diagnosis success rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among all enrolled women with abnormal uterine bleeding counselling outpatient and inpatient in MMMHMC Batac from 2016 to 2017. Sample was divided in two groups - those that underwent Pipelle biopsy and those who underwent D&C. Key statistics were computed using SPSS 16.
Results: Cost effectiveness analysis showed that Pipelle biopsy offers a more cost effective alternative with an estimate of one correct diagnosis every P16 spent versus P61 spent for a correct diagnosis using D&C. Both procedures resulted in a 100% likelihood ratio of having the condition with a positive test result, with D&C resulting in a higher diagnosis success rate of 98% (versus 92% for Pipelle) and higher proportion of those who have the disorder, given the procedure tested positive.
Conclusion: Pipelle biopsy offers a more cost effective alternative to D&C. Both procedures resulted in equal probability of having the condition with a positive test result, with D&C resulting in a higher success rate of diagnosis and sensitivity rate, albeit not statistically significant.
Emergence of a New Era in Orthopaedic and Spine Medicine: Advancements and Specialization in Pakistan's Healthcare Landscape
Authors: Kabir Samir Khan 
Published: October 2023

In a remarkable transformation, the landscape of medical science, including Orthopaedic and Spine care, is rapidly evolving. Even in regions like Pakistan, characterized as third-world countries, healthcare is swiftly adopting the latest techniques, technologies, and research predominantly originating from the Western world. The origins of Orthopaedic Surgery in Pakistan trace back to the era when General Surgeons initially handled these responsibilities. However, the true development of Orthopaedic specialization began in the 1970s when the necessity for dedicated Orthopaedic treatment became evident. This marked the inception of the Orthopaedic era in the country. By the early 2000s, many medical professionals opted for this specialization, leading to a saturation point that paved the way for sub-specializations within Orthopaedics. These sub-specialities include Periotic, Trauma, Hand, Oncology, Arthroplasty, Sports, and Spine.1 Between 2000 and 2015, these sub-specialties also progressed to a saturation point, prompting a demand for even more specialized expertise. Over the past 5 to 8 years, each sub-speciality has further fragmented, with individuals or teams dedicated to refining systems that provide superior management of pathologies, thus enhancing prognoses and patient outcomes.2 This evolution has seen the emergence of both sub-specialties and super-specialties, reflecting the contemporary medical practice needs. The trajectory is clear: as exposure and practical experience accumulate, a cadre of experts will naturally emerge within these specialized domains.

The domain of Spine specialization, once regarded with apprehension due to its challenging nature and variable outcomes, has been revolutionized by integrating cutting-edge technology, advanced surgical techniques, and in-depth research. Distinct categories within the Spine speciality have emerged, spanning Trauma, Oncology, Deformity Correction, Degenerative Spine, and Infection.3 These intricate surgeries are now performed using minimally invasive techniques, informed by meticulous research prioritizing anatomical precision. These advancements involve smaller incisions, real-time X-ray guidance, and even endoscopic approaches for enhanced operative field visualization. This curtails inflammatory responses and expedites patient recovery, facilitating earlier discharge from medical facilities.

A noteworthy addition to Pakistan’s Spine surgery landscape is the introduction of Endoscopic Spine Surgery. Over the past half-decade, many Neuro and Orthopaedic Spine Surgeons have sought training in this cutting-edge super-specialty. The procedure offers substantial advantages such as same-day patient discharge and quicker return to normal routines. Presently, only a handful of centres in the country provide this innovative treatment modality, marking a significant stride in Spine care.
Priorities in journal selection for authors, reviewers, editors, librarians and science funders
Authors: Dengler Jürgen 
Published: October 2023

With this Forum contribution I wish to shed light on the problematic developments in scientific publishing resulting from the strong push of science funders towards gold open access (OA). This has given rise to numerous “predatory” journals, that maximise profit at the expense of scientific quality. With a bibliometric analysis in the field of ecology I demonstrate that over the period 2014–2022 the publication numbers in “predatory” OA journals have grown exponentially (+44% annually), while in all other journal types, article numbers were stagnating or even decreasing since a few years. Then I highlight how different OA publication models from society-owned journals to publisher-owned “predatory” journals, differ in the prices authors pay and how the income is split between effective costs, pure profit and money transferred back to science. To help with the recognition of the different journal types, I provide a list journals in the fields of ecology and organismal botany that are owned by academic societies, as well as a list of criteria to recognize “predatory” journals. Authors, reviewers and editors should consider carefully where they submit papers or provide volunteer service. My suggestion is to prioritize society-owned journals, while avoiding cooperation with “predatory” journals. Science funders and libraries have played a major role in the negative developments reviewed in this paper, but at the same time they have the capacity to change the course, mainly by two steps: In the short term they should link the payment of article processing charges (APCs) to strict quality criteria, while in the medium term, they should overcome the gold OA system towards a diamond OA system that would avoid the inflation of low-quality publications and remove barriers not only from readers, but also from authors, while at the same time likely reducing the overall costs.
Abbreviations: APC = article processing charge; AVS = Applied Vegetation Science; IAVS = International Association for Vegetation Science; COVID-19 = Coronavirus disease 2019; DOAJ = Directory of Open Access Journals; JIF = 2-year Journal Impact Factor of the Web of Science; JVS = Journal of Vegetation Science; OA = open access; VCS = Vegetation Classification and Survey; WoS = Web of Science Core Collection.
L’épaulement des forces nucléaires et conventionnelles
Authors: Baudet Olivier , Marty David 
Published: October 2023

Apparu une première fois en 2020 lors du discours du président de la République sur la dissuasion, puis repris dans la Revue nationale stratégique 2022 , le terme « d’épaulement » entre forces nucléaires et conventionnelles répond aux pourfendeurs d’une dissuasion qui pourrait être contournée. Cette terminologie illustre une complémentarité historique dont la compréhension s’était érodée après la guerre froide et répond à l’évolution de la conflictualité d’une nouvelle ère stratégique. Elle interroge in fine notre modèle d’armée.
La mer au chevet de l’Europe de la défense
Authors: Appriou Damien 
Published: October 2023

L’analyse de l’environnement stratégique met en évidence le durcissement net des menaces auxquelles l’Europe est, d’ores et déjà, confrontée. La sécurité maritime européenne, dans son format actuel, ne suffira pas à répondre à la violence de ces enjeux. Il convient de mettre en place une organisation permettant à l’Union européenne d’assurer l’ensemble du spectre des missions. Cette ambition, fixée par la Boussole stratégique, est atteignable : d’une sécurité maritime européenne à une réelle défense maritime de l’UE, la mer au service de l’ambition stratégique pour une Europe de la défense !
Myeloid Heterogeneity Mediates Acute Exacerbations of Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Larson-Casey Jennifer L , Saleem Komal , Surolia Ranu , Pandey Jyotsana , Mack Matthias , Antony Veena B , Bodduluri Sandeep , Bhatt Surya P , Duncan Steven R , Carter A Brent 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Epidemiological evidence indicates that exposure to particulate matter is linked to the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and increases the incidence of acute exacerbations of IPF. In addition to accelerating the rate of lung function decline, exposure to fine particulate matter (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm [PM2.5]) is a risk factor for increased mortality in subjects with IPF. In this article, we show that exposure to PM2.5 mediates monocyte recruitment and fibrotic progression in mice with established fibrosis. In mice with established fibrosis, bronchoalveolar lavage cells showed monocyte/macrophage heterogeneity after exposure to PM2.5. These cells had a significant inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signature. The mixed heterogeneity of cells contributed to the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory response. Although monocyte-derived macrophages were recruited to the lung in bleomycin-injured mice treated with PM2.5, recruitment of monocytes expressing Ly6Chi to the lung promoted progression of fibrosis, reduced lung aeration on computed tomography, and impacted lung compliance. Ly6Chi monocytes isolated from PM2.5-exposed fibrotic mice showed enhanced expression of proinflammatory markers compared with fibrotic mice exposed to vehicle. Moreover, IPF bronchoalveolar lavage cells treated ex vivo with PM2.5 showed an exaggerated inflammatory response. Targeting Ly6Chi monocyte recruitment inhibited fibrotic progression in mice. Moreover, the adoptive transfer of Ly6Chi monocytes exacerbated established fibrosis. These observations suggest that enhanced recruitment of Ly6Chi monocytes with a proinflammatory phenotype mediates acute exacerbations of pulmonary fibrosis, and targeting these cells may provide a potential novel therapeutic target to protect against acute exacerbations of IPF.
Evaluation of the Ability of AlphaFold to Predict the Three-Dimensional Structures of Antibodies and Epitopes
Authors: Polonsky Ksenia , Pupko Tal , Freund Natalia T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Being able to accurately predict the three-dimensional structure of an Ab can facilitate Ab characterization and epitope prediction, with important diagnostic and clinical implications. In this study, we evaluated the ability of AlphaFold to predict the structures of 222 recently published, high-resolution Fab H and L chain structures of Abs from different species directed against different Ags. We show that although the overall Ab prediction quality is in line with the results of CASP14, regions such as the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of the H chain, which are prone to higher variation, are predicted less accurately. Moreover, we discovered that AlphaFold mispredicts the bending angles between the variable and constant domains. To evaluate the ability of AlphaFold to model Ab–Ag interactions based only on sequence, we used AlphaFold-Multimer in combination with ZDOCK to predict the structures of 26 known Ab–Ag complexes. ZDOCK, which was applied on bound components of both the Ab and the Ag, succeeded in assembling 11 complexes, whereas AlphaFold succeeded in predicting only 2 of 26 models, with significant deviations in the docking contacts predicted in the rest of the molecules. Within the 11 complexes that were successfully predicted by ZDOCK, 9 involved short-peptide Ags (18-mer or less), whereas only 2 were complexes of Ab with a full-length protein. Docking of modeled unbound Ab and Ag was unsuccessful. In summary, our study provides important information about the abilities and limitations of using AlphaFold to predict Ab–Ag interactions and suggests areas for possible improvement.
Wildlife Immune Responses to Mycobacterium bovis and to Bacille of Calmette–Guerin
Authors: Boggiatto Paola M , Kanipe Carly R , Putz Ellie J , Olsen Steven C , Palmer Mitchell V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonotic bacterial disease presenting public health, veterinary, and economic threats around the globe. Although cattle producers rely on regular testing and management practices to minimize domestic herd exposure, wildlife species around the world continue to be the main reservoirs for disease. Wildlife reservoirs for bTB include the Eurasian badger (Meles meles) in Great Britain and Ireland, the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) in New Zealand, wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Spain, as well as white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the United States and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Although all reservoir species share the ability to infect cattle, they differ in transmission capability, disease pathogenesis, diagnostic detection, and vaccination strategies. In this review, bTB interactions with these wildlife reservoirs are discussed, illustrating the need to address bTB disease in wildlife hosts to achieve eradication in domestic livestock.
From Snoot to Tail: A Brief Review of Influenza Virus Infection and Immunity in Pigs
Authors: Ma Wenjun , Loving Crystal L , Driver John P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pigs play an important role in influenza A virus (IAV) epidemiology because they support replication of human, avian, and swine origin viruses and act as an IAV reservoir for pigs and other species, including humans. Moreover, novel IAVs with human pandemic potential may be generated in pigs. To minimize the threat of IAVs to human and swine health, it is crucial to understand host defense mechanisms that restrict viral replication and pathology in pigs. In this article, we review IAV strains circulating in the North American swine population, as well as porcine innate and acquired immune responses to IAV, including recent advances achieved through immunological tools developed specifically for swine. Furthermore, we highlight unique aspects of the porcine pulmonary immune system, which warrant consideration when developing vaccines and therapeutics to limit IAV in swine or when using pigs to model human IAV infections.
Analysis of Users’ Sentiments in Social Media (on the Example of the Astrakhan Region)
Authors: Chernichkin Dmitriy A. , Krivenko Anastasiya I. 
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the studying of the opinions and sentiments of users of regional communities in the social network VKontakte using methods of machine analysis of text data, supplemented by sociological research methods. In the course of the study, we identified a list of current topics discussed by the inhabitants of the region, determined the most frequently mentioned persons, and analyzed the tone of their mention. Additionally, on the basis of the obtained results, the index of subjective (non-) well-being (ISW) was calculated for each district of the region and a map of the emotional coloring of posts from the communities of the analyzed social network was built. The results of the study can be used to monitor the situation in the region, finding problem areas, elicitation opinion leaders (popular personalities of the region that have a special influence on the opinion of the population), as well as identify the most interesting topics and urgent problems for the population. In perspective, this method of monitoring the social sentiments of the population of the region can be improved by automating the addition of new data to the analytical project. In the future, the addition of mathematical models to the system will make it possible to create graphs for predicting further changes in the region.
ASPEK KRIMINOLOGIS DALAM PENANGGULANGAN KEJAHATAN TERORISME DI INDONESIA
Authors: Pramana Jaka , Siregar Gomgom T.P. , Siregar Syawal Amry 
Published: October 2023

Putusan pengadilan atas pidana terorisme yang dijatuhkan majelis hakim tergolong berat. Tetapi fakta di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa aksi terorisme tidak menyurut dan tetap tidak terkendali. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apa faktor penyebab yang mendorong seseorang melakukan tindak pidana terorisme di Wilayah Hukum Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara, apa akibat yang ditimbulkan dari tindak pidana terorisme dan bagaimana upaya Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara dalam penanggulangan kejahatan tindak pidana terorisme. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor penyebab tindak pidana terorisme adalah: adanya pemahaman yang keliru terhadap ajaran ideologi agama, adanya gejolak politik nasional, adanya kebijakan pemerintah yang dianggap merugikan kelompok tertentu, adanya provokasi atau pengaruh dari tokoh agama serta kurangnya kesadaran hukum kelompok tertentu atas pentingnya situasi yang kondusif bagi masyarakat. Adapun akibat yang ditimbulkan dari tindak pidana terorisme adalah: menimbulkan keresahan di tengah masyarakat, penderitaan fisik bagi korban serangan terorisme, menimbulkan trauma psikis bagi korban dan pihak lain, serta mengganggu aktivitas perekonomian masyarakat. Penanggulangan terorisme dilakukan dengan pendekatan persuatif dan represif. Pendekatan persuasif merupakan tindakan pencegahan dengan melakukan sosialisasi UU Anti Terorisme yang telah direvisi, pelarangan terhadap kegiatan yang dapat mengarah timbulnya radikalisme dan pemasangan atribut-atribut tertentu yang merupakan lambang radikal, serta pengawasan terhadap objek vital dan fasilitas umum yang sering dikunjungi oleh masyarakat. Pendekatan represif dilakukan untuk menangani aksi terorisme yang telah terjadi, dimana kepolisian melakukan tindakan tegas untuk melumpuhkan pelaku serta mengamankan lokasi terjadinya serangan teroris. Pendekatan represif juga diikuti dengan pengembangan kasus dengan menangkap semua orang yang diduga kuat terkait dengan serangan teroris yang telah terjadi berdasarkan penelusuran petugas kepolisian atau berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan terhadap tersangka yang telah ditangkap.
Strategi Pengelolaan Stress Mahasiswa dalam Peranannya sebagai Mahasiswa Baru Tahun Angkatan 2023
Authors: Milasari Eunike , Listyaningrum Listyaningrum 
Published: October 2023

Latar belakang mahasiswa yang berbeda-beda, mulai dari perbedaan budaya, lingkungan, bahasa, karakter, sikap, sifat, agama, ras, etnis tidak jarang membuat mahasiswa baru memiliki tantangan dan permasalahannya masing-masing. Permasalahan yang ada apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik akan menimbulkan stres sehingga menganggu proses akademik mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pengelolaan stres mahasiswa dalam peranannya sebagai mahasiswa baru tahun angkatan 2023. Apa yang menjadi penyebab stres mahasiswa baru ini, serta bagaimana mahasiswa mengelola stres. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada mahasiswa baru angkatan tahun 2023 program studi PG-PAUD FKIP UKSW. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan proses pengambilan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dan kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa mampu menguraikan permasalahan yang membuat mereka stres sebagai mahasiswa baru antara lain perbedaan sistem, pola belajar, pola berpikir, lingkungan budaya, lingkungan masyarakat, lingkungan keluarga, jaringan serta perangkat, dan double kegiatan antara belajar dan bekerja paruh waktu serta strategi mengelola stres melalui kegiatan refleksi diri, kegiatan pribadi, serta berdiskusi bersama supaya hal tersebut tidak menganggu proses pembelajaran sebagai akademisi.
The OSI Model: Overview of All Seven Layers of Computer Networks
Authors: Sushmita Biya  , Renuka Uday Kotwal  
Published: October 2023

The International Organization for Standardization, better known by its abbreviation OSI Model, is an organization that establishes the fundamental communication protocols for computer networks.
•	We refer to the OSI Model in multiple places since the problems fall into one of its seven models.
•	The highest level of abstraction in the OSI architecture is the OSI Reference Model.
•	The primary building sections used to create the network model are initially described in the release.
The Bible and Comics
Authors: Domoney-Lyttle Zanne 
Published: October 2023

This interdisciplinary volume seeks to trace the diverse ways in which stories of biblical women have been reimagined in and as comic books. Feminist biblical scholarship has previously addressed the tradition that relegates female biblical characters to secondary roles, merely enabling the male characters to attain their own goals. Using examples from both secular and religious comic Bibles, and comic Bibles aimed at children and older audiences, Zanne Domoney-Lyttle now fully considers contemporary remediations of biblical narratives to the same degree.
Remediating ancient, biblical text into modern, graphical comic books affects the reception of the text in several ways. This book aims to investigate how the production, format and function of comic Bibles encourages the depiction of biblical characters from a contemporary perspective, while also showing some fidelity to the text. By presenting a focused analysis on women in the Bible, wider issues concerning popular-cultural retellings of the Bible in general begin to surface, including matters concerning reception history, the space between art and literature inhabited by biblical comics, and issues of translation and interpretations within contemporary remediations
The Future of Language
Authors: Seargeant Philip 
Published: October 2023

Will language as we know it cease to exist? Exploring the way in which language is likely to change over the coming years, and what this will mean for how we live our lives, this enlightening book plots out the likely futures for language, distinguishing myth from reality and superstition from scientifically-based prediction.
From the rise of artificial intelligence and speaking robots, to brain implants and computer-facilitated telepathy, Philip Seargeant surveys the development of new digital ‘languages’, such as emojis, animated gifs and memes, and investigates how conventions of spoken and written language are being modified by new trends in communication.
Separating fantasy from reality, The Future of Language shines a light on the technology currently being developed to revolutionise our use of language and questions the consequences for a society in which all language is data that can be stored, monitored, and controlled.