bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of the investment strategy of the Norwegian Sovereign Wealth Fund by adjusting the real estate quota
Authors: Rehers Sven , Lekander Jon , Bendiek Ansgar Bernhard 
Published: December 2023

Purpose This paper compares the benefits of direct international real estate investments in a mixed asset portfolio from the perspective of a passive investor with high and low bond allocation.Design/methodology/approach Due to high data availability and its professionalism, the Norwegian sovereign wealth fund was used as a representative example. Real estate indices from 8 countries were used for the portfolio analysis. The data were desmoothed according to Geltners’s 1993 approach.Findings The optimal real estate ratio in the present case is around 20–55%. However, this is strongly dependent on the bond ratio of the multi-asset portfolio. Portfolios with a high equity ratio benefit more from the additional direct real estate investments than portfolios with high bond ratios.Research limitations/implications A rebalancing of individual stocks and bonds was not analysed. Only indexes from MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) were available.Practical implications Concludes that the weighting of stocks and bonds has a strong influence on the optimal real estate ratio and therefore structural changes that affect this weighting.Originality/value The originality of the paper lies in the analysis with different weights of stocks and bonds, the consideration of 8 real estate markets and the observation period. The results of the work highlight areas of interest for further research.
Links connecting organizational socialization, affective commitment and innovative work behavior
Authors: Torlak Nuri Gökhan , Budur Taylan , Khan Noor Us Sabbah 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relationships between affective commitment (AC), innovative work behavior (IWB) and organizational socialization strategies (training, coworker support, understanding and future prospects) to ensure the viability and prosperity of businesses in Iraq.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology includes demographic analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.

Findings
An analysis of survey data based on a random sample of participating employees shows that training, understanding and future prospects all significantly and positively affect employee AC. Coworker support does not significantly affect AC. Employees’ AC to their companies significantly positively affects their IWB. Employees’ AC to their companies significantly mediates the relationships between training, understanding, future prospects and IWB. Company practices regarding training, understanding, coworker support and future prospects do not affect employees’ IWB.

Research limitations/implications
The authors conducted the study in Sulaymaniyah. The results may not apply to Iraq and other nations. Researchers from various industries and countries can evaluate the model. The research ignores company age, size and fit between individuals and organizations.

Originality/value
The study closes a research gap in organizational behavior by exploring the association between managerial socialization strategies, AC and creative work behavior in Iraq.
The myth of translational bioethics
Authors: Dunn Michael , Sheehan Mark 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the case has been made for special attention to be paid to a branch of research in the field of bioethics called ‘translational bioethics’. In this paper, we start by considering some of the assumptions that those advancing translational approaches to bioethics make about bioethics and compare them to the reality of bioethics as an academic field. We move on to explain how those who make this case, implicitly or explicitly, for translational bioethics go awry because of how they understand the ‘gap’ between bioethical inquiry and practical settings that requires bridging. We consider three interpretations of this ‘translation gap’ in bioethics: (i) the gap between theory and practice, (ii) the gap between the force of normative claims and practical contextual realities and (iii) the gap between relevance or applicability to practice and actual application or implementation in practice. In each case, we show how a proper understanding of the nature of the academic field of bioethics undermines how these gaps have been formulated, and how any need for talk of ‘translational bioethics’ is removed.
‘You have to go hunting for information’: Barriers to service utilization among expectant and parenting youth with experience in foster care
Authors: Villagrana Kalah M. , Carver Ann Turnlund , Holley Lynn C. , Ogbonnaya Ijeoma Nwabuzor , Stott Tonia , Denby Ramona , Ferguson Kristin M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnique service needs exist for expectant or parenting youth with foster care histories (EPY) and their families. Informed by Critical Ecological Systems Theory (CEST), this exploratory qualitative study presents findings from an inductive content analysis of in‐depth interviews and focus groups with EPY and service providers. The study included nine in‐depth face‐to‐face interviews with service providers (n = 5) and EPY (n = 4) as well as five focus groups with service providers (n = 23) and three with EPY (n = 7) to identify the characteristics of service providers, agencies and systems that may act as barriers to service utilization among EPY with a foster care history (n = 10) or juvenile justice history (n = 1). Service provider characteristics included negative attitudes towards EPY and/or those with child welfare experiences. Agency characteristics included a lack of workforce diversity, employee turnover, lack of training about diverse communities, restrictive enrolment processes and eligibility requirements, lack of childcare and transportation and limited accessibility of services. System characteristics included a lack of up‐to‐date information about existing services, territorialism, funding sources that do not prioritize interagency collaboration and a lack of communication/coordination among agencies. Implications include hiring and retaining a diverse workforce, providing training about diverse communities and implicit biases concerning young parents, developing navigation services specifically for EPY and developing processes for sharing data and communicating across systems that interact with EPY.
Human factors in pelvic exenteration: themes in high‐performing teams
Authors: Pal A. , Chittleborough T. , McCombie A. , Glyn T. , Frizelle F. A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of human factors in pelvic exenteration and how team performance is optimized in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative phases.MethodQualitative analysis of focus groups was used to capture authentic human interactions that reflect real‐world multiprofessional performance. Theatre teams were treated as clusters, with a particular focus group containing participants who worked together regularly.ResultsThree focus groups were conducted. Four themes emerged – driving force, technical skills, nontechnical skills and operational aspects – with a total of 16 subthemes. Saturation was reached by group 2, with no new subthemes emerging after this. There was some interaction between the themes and the subthemes. Broadly speaking, driving force led to the development of specialised technical skills and nontechnical skills, which were operationalized into successful service through operational aspects.ConclusionThis study of teams performing pelvic exenteration is the first in the field using this methodology. It has generated rich qualitative data with authentic insights into the pragmatic aspects of developing and delivering a service. In addition, it shows how the themes are connected or ‘coupled’ in a network, for example technical and non‐technical skills. In a complex system, ‘tight coupling’ leads to both high performance and adverse events. In this paper, we report the qualitative aspects of high performance by pelvic exenteration teams in a complex sociotechnical system, which depends on tight coupling of several themes.
Impact on persons with disabilities and their families when they are contributors to society through volunteerism and employment
Authors: Cheah Kimberly J. , Riches Vivienne , Manokara Vimallan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite various government initiatives, people with disabilities all over the world face some degree of hindrance when they try to contribute to society.AimThis project sought to give voice to and understand the perceptions and experiences of persons with disabilities in Singapore when contributing to society through volunteerism and employment and to explore solutions to help access and retain employment and volunteering.Method and ProcedureThis small qualitative study recruited three convenience samples of people with disabilities aged 18–49 years old who met criteria for daily activity over the previous 12 months. Participant recruitment was limited due to the Covid pandemic lockdown. Ten individuals had maintained open employment, six had worked as a volunteer and four were neither working nor volunteering. All 20 participants were briefed online on the use of the photovoice technique. Interviews were then conducted online, beginning with a 5‐min demographic survey. Approximately hour long semi‐structured interviews followed. Eleven participants used photovoice but nine who were working or volunteering did not as they were unable to take photos in their workplace. Several individuals were supported during the interview by a caregiver or staff member for example a job coach.FindingsThemes were identified within the four central areas of enquiry: (i) self‐perceptions of being a beneficiary or contributor to society; (ii) the benefits to working and volunteering; (iii) enablers and barriers to working and volunteering and (iv) solutions to access and retain employment and volunteering. Several barriers to use of photovoice were encountered. The importance of inclusive and conducive environments was recognised along with the roles of all stakeholders across the ecosystem.ConclusionEmployment and volunteering can significantly impact quality of life for persons with disabilities and their families and benefit the society. Collaboration among all stakeholders is required to better address solutions and improve desired employment and volunteer outcomes.
Supranational Self‐Empowerment Through Bricolage: The Role of the European Commission in EU Security and Defence
Authors: Müller Patrick , Slominski Peter , Sagmeister Wolfgang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article provides a novel conceptualization of bricolage as a strategy for incremental supranational self‐empowerment. It argues that the cumulative effects of different bricolage tools employed by the Commission have been central for progressively strengthening its role in EU security and defence, which culminated in the establishment of the European Defence Fund (EDF) and the Commission's Directorate‐General Defence Industry and Space (DG DEFIS). Building communication upon communication, the Commission used discursive bricolage to set the conditions for employing existing EU financial and organizational resources to advance its interests. Specifically, with its incremental bricolage approach, the Commission has managed to mitigate sovereignty concerns of member states, progressively nudging them towards deeper integration. Overall, our article shows how the Commission has strengthened its influence through the cumulative bricolage tools even in the intergovernmental domains of security and defence.
Estimating a Behavioral New Keynesian Model with the Zero Lower Bound
Authors: HIROSE YASUO , IIBOSHI HIROKUNI , SHINTANI MOTOTSUGU , UEDA KOZO 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe estimate a New Keynesian model incorporating two notable features: bounded rationality and the zero lower bound on the nominal interest rate. Our Bayesian estimation of a nonlinear model shows that the model with bounded rationality better fits the U.S. data than its rational expectations counterpart, and that both households and firms exhibit a substantial degree of bounded rationality. Moreover, we demonstrate that bounded rationality expands a parameter region in which the model can be estimated and weakens the power of forward guidance.
Failure to rescue following postoperative pneumonia in pediatrics: Is there a racial disparity?
Authors: Warren Jalen , Gibbs Anna , Mpody Christian , Nafiu Olubukola O. , Tobias Joseph D. , Willer Brittany L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionRacial disparities in measures of health and healthcare processes are well described. Limited work exists on disparities in failure to rescue – hospital mortality following a major adverse event. Postoperative pneumonia is a serious, potentially preventable adverse event that often leads to death, i.e., failure to rescue. This study examined the association of racial grouping with failure to rescue following postoperative pneumonia.MethodsWe utilized the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program‐Pediatrics Participant Use Data File to assemble a cohort of children <18 years who underwent inpatient surgery from 2012 to 2022. We included Black and White patients who developed pneumonia following an index surgery. The primary outcome was failure to rescue, defined as mortality following postoperative pneumonia. We used logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals of failure to rescue, comparing Black and White children.ResultsThe study cohort included 3139 children <18 years who developed pneumonia following inpatient surgery. Of those, 2333 (74.3%) were White and 806 (25.7%) were Black. Failure to rescue occurred in 117 of the children (3.7%); 82 were White (3.5%) and 35 were Black (4.3%). After adjusting for gender, age, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification, emergent/urgent vs. elective case status, year of operation, and pre‐existing comorbidities, the odds of failure to rescue for Black children with postoperative pneumonia did not differ from White children (adjusted‐Odds Ratio: 1.00; 95% Confidence Interval 0.62–1.61; p‐value = .992).ConclusionWe found no significant difference in the odds of failure to rescue following postoperative pneumonia between Black or White children. To improve postoperative care for all children and to narrow the racial gap in postoperative mortality, future studies should continue to investigate the association of race with failure to rescue following other postoperative complications.
Prospective evaluation of platelet function and fibrinolysis in 20 dogs with trauma
Authors: Birkbeck Rachael , Chan Daniel L. , McBride Duana , Cortellini Stefano 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo determine platelet function and assess fibrinolysis in dogs following trauma using multiple electrical impedance aggregometry and a modified thromboelastographic (TEG) technique. To determine if the severity of trauma, as assessed by the Animal Trauma Triage (ATT) score and clinicopathological markers of shock, is associated with a greater degree of platelet dysfunction and fibrinolysis.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsTwenty client‐owned dogs with trauma (occurring <24 h prior to admission and blood sampling) and ATT score of >4 were prospectively recruited. A control group of 10 healthy dogs was included.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsPlatelet function was measured using multiple electrode platelet aggregometry (MEPA) utilizing arachidonic acid, ADP, and collagen agonists. Fibrinolysis was assessed in citrated whole blood with the addition of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA; 50 U/mL) using kaolin‐activated TEG. Conventional statistical analysis was performed to compare coagulation parameters between the groups and assess linear correlations. Median (interquartile range) ATT score was 5 (5–7), and 65% (n = 13) of dogs suffered polytrauma. Mean (± SD) time from trauma to blood sampling was 9 hours (± 6). Median (interquartile range) shock index and plasma lactate concentration were 1.1 (0.7–2.0, n = 16) and 2.9 mmol/L (0.9–16.0, n = 18), respectively. Four dogs did not survive to discharge (20%). There were no differences between the trauma and control group coagulation variables. A moderate negative correlation between ATT score and area under the curve for ADP was found (P = 0.043, r2 = −0.496).ConclusionsPreliminary evaluation of platelet function measured by MEPA, and fibrinolysis measured by tPA‐modified TEG, is not significantly different in this population of dogs with traumatic injury compared to healthy dogs.
Studies on Sesbania, rice residue mulching and post emergence herbicides on weed growth and yield in unpuddled transplanted hybrid rice
Authors: Kumari Sneha , Singh Manoj Kumar , Dendukuri Udaya Lakshmi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWeeds are a major threat in unpuddled transplanted rice during rainy seasons. To manage weeds by using Sesbania residue green mulch, rice straw mulch and post emergence herbicides in an integrated way, an experiment was conducted in a split plot at Varanasi during the rainy season of 2017 and 2018. The experiment was taken with three mulching treatments in main plots, namely, no mulching (NM), cover crop of Sesbania aculeatea followed by its green residue mulch (SRGM) and rice straw mulch (RRM) in inter rows and five weed management treatments, namely, weedy, hand weeding twice (HWT), post emergence application of bispyribac 25 g a.i ha−1 (BP), penoxsulam 30 g a.i ha−1 (PX), bispyribac 25 g a.i ha−1 + pyrazosulfuron 20 g a.i ha−1 (BP + PS) in subplots replicated thrice. SRGM and RRM were noted to be successful in reducing density and biomass of grasses including Echinochloa colona and sedges and total weed (59% and 49%) biomass compared to NM under weedy conditions. Mulching, integrated with post emergence herbicides proved its potency in not only weed reduction but is also in yield enhancement.
The Ductile/Brittle Transition for Materials Failure—Atomic Scale to Macroscopic Scale
Authors: Christensen Richard M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This work is the continuation and completion to that initiated in the studies by Christensen (2022, “Perspective on the Bond Bending and Bond Stretching Effects of the Atomic Scale and Their Relationship to Ductile Versus Brittle Materials Failure,” J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 167, p. 104984; 2023, “Review of the Basic Elastic Mechanical Properties and Their Realignment to Establish Ductile Versus Brittle Failure Behaviors,” ASME Appl. Mech. Rev., 75(3), p. 031001) on the ductile/brittle transition for homogeneous and isotropic materials in uniaxial tensile failure. Starting here at the atomic level with the bonding involving both bond bending and bond stretching effects, there then is given the development of the ductile/brittle transition for a type of cubic symmetry in the individual crystals of the composing polycrystalline material. Thereafter, a complementary derivation is given for the ductile/brittle transition at the macroscopic level involving a specific form of the strain energy. The two results are found to be compatible and mutually verifying, thereby finishing the investigation.
A Novel Multi-Fidelity Surrogate for Efficient Turbine Design Optimization
Authors: Wang Qineng , Song Liming , Guo Zhendong , Li Jun , Feng Zhenping 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To solve the turbine design optimization problems efficiently, surrogate-based optimization algorithms are frequently used. To further reduce the cost of turbine design, the multi-fidelity surrogate (MFS)-based optimization is proposed by the researchers, who resort to augmenting the small number of expensive high-fidelity (HF) samples by a large portion of low-fidelity (LF) but cheap samples in surrogate modeling and optimization process. Nonetheless, according to our observations, the MFS-based optimization sometimes can only have better convergence rate at the early stage of optimization process, but yielding worse final solution than the single-fidelity surrogate (SFS)-based optimization that uses high-fidelity samples alone. The reason behind can be explained as follows. With the increase of HF samples in the optimization process, the LF samples can cause negative effect and therefore misleading the optimization search. To address the above issue, an ensemble weighted multi-fidelity surrogate (EMFS) is proposed. Specifically, the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise is used to detect the region where the MFS cannot build a more accurate surrogate, and a local SFS is built there. Then, an EMFS is built by combining the MFS and SFS with adaptive weights, which is used to guide the optimization process. The related algorithm is named as multi- and single-fidelity surrogate fused optimization (MSFO). Through tests on GE-E3 blade optimization and the film cooling layout design of a turbine endwall, the effectiveness of proposed MSFO is well demonstrated.
A Multi-Objective Optimal Design Method for Gravity Compensators With Consideration of Minimizing Joint Reaction Forces
Authors: Nguyen Vu Linh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a multi-objective optimal design method for gravity compensators with consideration of minimizing the joint reaction forces. High performance of the gravity compensation is achieved while the joint reaction forces are kept to a minimum. In this method, the ratio of the compensated torque to the uncompensated torque and the maximum value of the joint reaction forces are formulated as cost functions in the optimization problem, which is solved by adopting the Pareto front of multiple fitness functions with a genetic algorithm. This work takes a spring four-bar mechanism as a gravity compensator for a case study. The theoretical models of a gravity compensator and a robot manipulator show that the proposed multi-objective optimal design allows for the achievement of smaller joint reaction forces than the original single-objective optimal design, while their gravity compensation performances are relatively the same. Moreover, a prototype of a 0.2-kg gravity compensator realized from the proposed method was also built. An experimental study with this prototype showed that the measured motor torque was reduced by up to 93% within a range of 3π/4.
Magma-carbonate interactions drive CO2 production and metal enrichment in shallow dikes and sills at volcanic arcs
Authors: Morris R.A. , Canil D. , Spence J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The contribution of CO2 from crustal carbonates into arc magmas is debated, as is its role in the long-term C cycle. To better understand the contributions and mechanisms that drive CO2 production in arc magmas, we examined in detail basaltic dike and sill contacts with carbonate in the Jurassic Bonanza arc on Vancouver Island, Canada. We discovered discrete boundary melts that formed along dike and sill margins in contact with limestone, which display unique Ca, U, and Sr enrichments, Si depletion, and 87Sr/86Sr that approaches host limestone values (~0.708). Binary mixing modeling indicates ~20%–25% limestone assimilation into basalt formed the boundary melts. Contrasting viscosities between boundary and interior melts hinder mixing and chemical homogenization but appear to promote uphill diffusion and metal enrichment within systems that cool in minutes to days. While shallow dikes and sills may be volumetrically minor in an arc magma system, the open flow of magma and large surface area in channels greatly enhances magma-carbonate interactions, and ultimately CO2 production, likely over that of more common and voluminous plutons.