bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water‐Driven Malleable, Weldable and Eco‐Friendly Recyclable Carbon Fiber Reinforced Dynamic Composites†
Authors: Yu Ping , Huang Qirui , Wang Yi , Peng Wan , Jia Zichen , Wang Haiyue , Ma Juanjuan , Wang Chunyu , Yan Xuzhou 
Published: November 2023

Comprehensive SummaryTraditional carbon fiber‐reinforced polymers based on thermoset matrix have been extensively used in the fields of wind turbine blades, automotive sector, and aerospace, among many others. However, there is still a major challenge of recycling those polymers due to the high cost and adverse impacts on the environment. In this work, we apply a polyimine network as matrix, which possess considerable tensile and thermal properties, to prepare the carbon fiber reinforced polyimine materials with trifluoromethyl diphenoxybenzene units (CFRFP) using a prepreg‐based compression molding method. The CFRFP can be reshaped or reprocessed by heat or with water rapidly, and exhibited multifunction, including welding, chemical recycling, etc. These unique findings gained from our study will facilitate the manufacturing capability and enrich the types of fiber‐reinforced composites.
Global solutions of the compressible Euler‐Poisson equations with large initial data of spherical symmetry
Authors: Chen Gui‐Qiang G. , He Lin , Wang Yong , Yuan Difan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe are concerned with a global existence theory for finite‐energy solutions of the multidimensional Euler‐Poisson equations for both compressible gaseous stars and plasmas with large initial data of spherical symmetry. One of the main challenges is the strengthening of waves as they move radially inward towards the origin, especially under the self‐consistent gravitational field for gaseous stars. A fundamental unsolved problem is whether the density of the global solution forms a delta measure (i.e., concentration) at the origin. To solve this problem, we develop a new approach for the construction of approximate solutions as the solutions of an appropriately formulated free boundary problem for the compressible Navier‐Stokes‐Poisson equations with a carefully adapted class of degenerate density‐dependent viscosity terms, so that a rigorous convergence proof of the approximate solutions to the corresponding global solution of the compressible Euler‐Poisson equations with large initial data of spherical symmetry can be obtained. Even though the density may blow up near the origin at a certain time, it is proved that no delta measure (i.e., concentration) in space‐time is formed in the vanishing viscosity limit for the finite‐energy solutions of the compressible Euler‐Poisson equations for both gaseous stars and plasmas in the physical regimes under consideration.
The development and psychometric evaluation of the Questionnaire Epistemic Trust (QET): A self‐report assessment of epistemic trust
Authors: Knapen Saskia , Swildens Wilma E. , Mensink Wendy , Hoogendoorn Adriaan , Hutsebaut Joost , Beekman Aartjan T. F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEpistemic trust (ET) refers to the predisposition to trust information as authentic, trustworthy and relevant to the self. Epistemic distrust – resulting from early adversity – may interfere with openness to social learning within the therapeutic encounter, reducing the ability to benefit from treatment. The self‐report Questionnaire Epistemic Trust (QET) is a newly developed instrument that aims to assess ET. This study presents the first results on the psychometric properties of the QET in both a community and a clinical sample. Our findings indicate that the QET is composed of four meaningful subscales with good to excellent internal consistency. The QET shows relevant associations with related constructs like personality functioning, symptom distress and quality of life. QET scores clearly distinguish between a clinical and community sample and are associated with the quality of the therapeutic alliance. The QET provides a promising, brief and user‐friendly instrument that could be used for a range of clinical and research purposes. Future studies with larger samples are needed to strengthen construct validity and to investigate the value of the QET to predict differential treatment responses or to study mechanisms of change.
Recent Trends in Supercapacitor Research: Sustainability in Energy and Materials
Authors: Chernysheva Daria V. , Smirnova Nina V. , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSupercapacitors (SCs) have emerged as critical components in applications ranging from transport to wearable electronics due to their rapid charge‐discharge cycles, high power density, and reliability. This review offers an analysis of recent strides in supercapacitor research, emphasizing pivotal developments in sustainability, electrode materials, electrolytes, and ′smart SCs′ designed for modern microelectronics with attributes such as flexibility, stretchability, and biocompatibility. Central to this discourse are two dominant electrode materials: carbon materials (CMs), primarily in electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs), and pseudocapacitive materials, involving oxides/hydroxides, chalcogenides, metal‐organic frameworks, conductive polymers and metal nitrides such as MXene. Despite EDLCs′ historical use, challenges such as low energy density persist, with heteroatom introduction into the carbon lattice seen as a solution. Concurrently, pseudocapacitive materials dominate recent studies, with efficiency enhancement strategies, such as the creation of hybrids based on different types of materials, surface structural engineering and doping, under exploration. Electrolyte innovation, especially the shift towards gel polymer electrolytes for flexible SCs, and the harmonization of electrode materials with SC designs are highlighted. Emphasis is given to smart SCs with novel attributes such as self‐charging, self‐healing, biocompatibility, and environmentally conscious designs. In summary, the article underscores the drive in sustainable supercapacitor research to achieve high energy and power density, steering towards SCs that are efficient and versatile and involving bioderived/biocompatible SC materials. This brief review is based on selected recent references, offering depth combined with an accessible overview of the SC landscape.
Forest restoration and fuels reduction work: Different pathways for achieving success in theSierraNevada
Authors: Stephens Scott L. , Foster Daniel E. , Battles John J. , Bernal Alexis A. , Collins Brandon M. , Hedges Rachelle , Moghaddas Jason J. , Roughton Ariel T. , York Robert A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFire suppression and past selective logging of large trees have fundamentally changed frequent‐fire‐adapted forests in California. The culmination of these changes produced forests that are vulnerable to catastrophic change by wildfire, drought, and bark beetles, with climate change exacerbating this vulnerability. Management options available to address this problem include mechanical treatments (Mech), prescribed fire (Fire), or combinations of these treatments (Mech + Fire). We quantify changes in forest structure and composition, fuel accumulation, modeled fire behavior, intertree competition, and economics from a 20‐year forest restoration study in the northern Sierra Nevada. All three active treatments (Fire, Mech, Mech + Fire) produced forest conditions that were much more resistant to wildfire than the untreated control. The treatments that included prescribed fire (Fire, Mech + Fire) produced the lowest surface and duff fuel loads and the lowest modeled wildfire hazards. Mech produced low fire hazards beginning 7 years after the initial treatment and Mech + Fire had lower tree growth than controls. The only treatment that produced intertree competition somewhat similar to historical California mixed‐conifer forests was Mech + Fire, indicating that stands under this treatment would likely be more resilient to enhanced forest stressors. While Fire reduced modeled wildfire hazard and reintroduced a fundamental ecosystem process, it was done at a net cost to the landowner. Using Mech that included mastication and restoration thinning resulted in positive revenues and was also relatively strong as an investment in reducing modeled wildfire hazard. The Mech + Fire treatment represents a compromise between the desire to sustain financial feasibility and the desire to reintroduce fire. One key component to long‐term forest conservation will be continued treatments to maintain or improve the conditions from forest restoration. Many Indigenous people speak of “active stewardship” as one of the key principles in land management and this aligns well with the need for increased restoration in western US forests. If we do not use the knowledge from 20+ years of forest research and the much longer tradition of Indigenous cultural practices and knowledge, frequent‐fire forests will continue to be degraded and lost.
Simulation and numerical modeling of high‐efficiency CZTS solar cells with a BSF layer
Authors: Dakua Pratap Kumar , Panda Deepak Kumar , Kashyap Savita , Laidouci Abdelmoumene , Sadanand  
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present paper deals with the photovoltaic performance‐based numerical evaluation of copper–zinc–tin–sulfur (CZTS) solar cells embedded with CZTSe as a back surface field (BSF) layer. CZTS has been considered a leading candidate for the fabrication of solar devices owing to its availability and absence of toxicity. Adding a BSF layer to a solar device is a novel way to boost efficiency. It reduces the recombination of the carriers at the back surface, thus increasing the overall current output of the solar cells. SCAPS 1D simulator is used to study the impact of several parameters on electrical properties like temperature, the thickness of the CZTS layer, acceptor doping concentration, and the impact of series and shunt resistances. Considering the optimized parameters in each layer of the solar cells, this work delivers 24.7% efficiency with the BSF layer, which is 8% more than that without the BSF layer. The results of this modeling will facilitate researchers to fabricate a highly efficient CZTS solar cell.
Silica Nanofibers with Enhanced Wettability and Mechanical Strength for Bone Tissue Engineering: Electrospinning without Polymer Carrier and Subsequent Heat Treatment
Authors: Jalali Sara , Kruppke Iris , Enghardt Stefan , Wiesmann Hans‐Peter , Kruppke Benjamin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe unique properties of silica, such as biocompatibility and the ability to promote cell growth, demonstrate favorable results in different applications such as drug delivery, biomedical applications, and tissue engineering (TE). Electrospinning has emerged as a method for creating a substrate with a high surface area and structural resemblance to natural extracellular matrices. A common method of fabricating silica nanofibers (SNFs) for TE involves hybrid silica/ polymer nanofibers, which require calcination to remove the polymer and obtain pure silica. This study aimed to use the sol‐gel precursor tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) to fabricate pure SNFs through electrospinning and investigate calcination's effect on their morphology, thermal behavior, mechanical properties, wettability, and porosity. The findings indicated that the calcination process reduced Young's modulus, wettability, and porosity, which may influence the applications of SNFs in TE. Nanofibrous mats with high Young's modulus can play a crucial role in providing mechanical support for tissue repair. Additionally, high porosity and wettability can facilitate cell attachment and growth by improving nutrient and oxygen transport to the cells. This study provides valuable insights into the potential use of pure SNFs and highlighted the effects of heat treatment on their properties.
New estimates of Rychkov's universal extension operator for Lipschitz domains and some applications
Authors: Shi Ziming , Yao Liding 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGiven a bounded Lipschitz domain , Rychkov showed that there is a linear extension operator for , which is bounded in Besov and Triebel‐Lizorkin spaces. In this paper, we introduce some new estimates for the extension operator and give some applications. We prove the equivalent norms for general Besov and Triebel‐Lizorkin spaces. We also derive some quantitative smoothing estimates of the extended function and all its derivatives on up to the boundary.
Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation Disorders and Retinal Neurovascular Structure
Authors: Amini Elahe , Rohani Mohammad , Fasano Alfonso , Azad Zahra , Miri Shahnaz , Habibi Seyed Amir Hassan , Emamikhah Maziar , Mirshahi Reza , Joghataei Mohammad Taghi , Gholibeigian Zeinab , Ghasemi Falavarjani Khalil 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe unique neurovascular structure of the retina has provided an opportunity to observe brain pathology in many neurological disorders. However, such studies on neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disorders are lacking.ObjectivesTo investigate NBIA's neurological and ophthalmological manifestations.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted on genetically confirmed NBIA patients and an age‐gender‐matched control group. The thickness of retinal layers, central choroidal thickness (CCT), and capillary plexus densities were measured by spectral domain‐optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) and OCT angiography, respectively. The patients also underwent funduscopy, electroretinography (ERG), visual evoked potential (VEP), and neurological examination (Pantothenate‐Kinase Associated Neurodegeneration‐Disease Rating Scale [PKAN‐DRS]). The generalized estimating equation model was used to consider inter‐eye correlations.ResultsSeventy‐four patients' and 80 controls' eyes were analyzed. Patients had significantly decreased visual acuity, reduced inner or outer sectors of almost all evaluated layers, increased CCT, and decreased vessel densities, with abnormal VEP and ERG in 32.4% and 45.9%, respectively. There were correlations between visual acuity and temporal peripapillary nerve fiber layer (positive) and between PKAN‐DRS score and disease duration (negative), and scotopic b‐wave amplitudes (positive). When considering only the PKAN eyes, ONL was among the significantly decreased retinal layers, with no differences in retinal vessel densities. Evidence of pachychoroid was only seen in patients with Kufor Rakeb syndrome.ConclusionObserving pathologic structural and functional neurovascular changes in NBIA patients may provide an opportunity to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and differential retinal biomarkers in NBIA subtypes in further investigations. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Study of Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Activity of Ag‐ and Mg‐Dual‐Doped ZnO Nanoparticles
Authors: Azizi Aytan , Ghasemirad Mohammad , Mortezagholi Bardia , Movahed Emad , Aryanezhad Seyed Sasan , Makiya Ali , Ghodrati Hoda , Nasiri Kamyar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA non‐laborious process for the fabrication of silver and magnesium dual doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Ag/Mg−ZnO NP) is described. The wurtzite ZnO nano‐structures and the dual doped NP were analyzed by PXRD. SEM data showed the hexagonal morphology of our product, while the gathered anti‐bacterial outcomes towards Streptococcus mutans bacteria through micro‐dilution technic affirmed the enhanced performance of doped NP compared to the native ones. Furthermore, we gauged the toxic impacts of synthesized pure and Ag/Mg−ZnO NP against a breast cancer (MDA‐MB‐231) cell line through an MTT trial, which highlighted the superiority of the doped when compared to the native nanoparticles. In light of these comparisons, the applicability of Ag/Mg−ZnO NP in dental and medical science is proposed.
Pyrazolones and amides from β‐alkoxy‐ and β‐alkylthio‐β‐chloroacryloyl chlorides
Authors: van Den Bosch G. , Bos H.J.T. , Arens J.F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConversion of β‐alkoxy‐ and β‐alkylthio‐β‐chloroacryloyl chlorides R′Y‐CCICR‐COCl (1. RH or alkyl, R′ = alkyl and YO or S) with amines yields the expected carboxamides R′Y‐CClCR‐CO‐NHR″. Phenylhydrazine reacts with β‐alkoxy‐β‐chloroacryloyl chlorides to give a mixture of 3‐alkoxy‐ 1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐5‐ones (V) and 5‐alkoxy‐1‐phenyl‐4‐pyrazolin‐3‐ones(VI).
Interaction of benzenediazocyanides with fungal spores and its relation to their stability in light
Authors: Haverkate F. , Tempel A. , Pluijgers C.W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBenzenediazocyanides, a class of highly fungicidal compounds, were investigated with special reference to their interaction with fungal cell thiols.Spores of Fusarium culmorum took up readily diazocyanides with fungicidal properties. The 4‐hydroxy derivative was not taken up in neutral medium. Both uptake and in vitro activity of this compound were strongly enhanced by lowering of the pH, indicating that mainly the non‐ionised form (OH) was taken up. Rate of uptake of uncharged fungicidal diazocyanides was found roughly to parallel their rate of reaction with cysteine. Furthermore, a close similarity of the spectra of conversion products released by spores and of cysteine reaction products was observed. Benzenediazocyanides with electron‐donating substituents are supposed to undergo mainly addition of thiols to the nitrile group, whereas compounds with electron‐withdrawing substituents seem to undergo both addition to the nitrile group and reduction of the azo group. Consequently, it is concluded that benzenediazocyanides, like many other classes of fungicidal compounds, react with sulfhydryl groups within the fungal cell in a non‐specific way.In solution benzenediazocyanides, like other classes of azo compounds, are known to be decomposed by light. The photodecomposition products, identified as the corresponding benzenediazonium ions and phenols, turned out to be considerably less fungitoxic in vitro than the parent compounds. Benzenediazocyanides with strongly electron‐donating phenyl substituents were found to be relatively stable to light.
Robust dynamic event‐triggered control of saturated nonlinear systems using reinforcement learning
Authors: Zheng Wenqian , Yang Xiong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe develop a robust dynamic event‐triggered control (ETC) law for asymmetrically input‐saturated nonlinear systems having matched disturbances. Initially, by constructing a novel cost function for the associated nominal system, we transform the constrained robust stabilization problem into an unconstrained optimal control problem. Then, we propose a dynamic event‐triggering rule for improving the performance in reducing the computational burden. Based on such a dynamic triggering rule, we present the event‐triggered Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman equation (ET‐HJBE). To solve the ET‐HJBE, we employ a critic approximator with its parameters being updated in the reinforcement learning framework. After that, we apply Lyapunov's direct method to prove uniform ultimate boundedness of the closed‐loop system and the critic approximator's parameter estimation error. Finally, we provide two nonlinear plants to validate the present dynamic ETC law.
Strengthening a weak link: transparency of causal loop diagrams — current state and recommendations
Authors: Jalali Mohammad S. , Beaulieu Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTransparency is a critical aspect of systems science. While transparency of quantitative models has been assessed, transparency of their qualitative structures has been less scrutinized. We assess the transparency of causal loop diagrams (CLDs), a key qualitative visualization tool in system dynamics. We evaluate System Dynamics Review (SDR) publications and a sample of most‐cited comparable articles in other journals. We assess the inclusion of a plain‐language methods statement, overall discernibility of the methods, and identification of causal link sources. Reviewing 72 articles (SDR: 36; other journals: 36), only 44%, 38%, and 25% fully satisfy each criterion, respectively. SDR articles are characterized by higher transparency in the clarity of CLD development method and communication of causal link sources, yet the potential for enhancement is evident. We provide specific recommendations to increase the transparency of CLDs. Transparent reporting benefits original research authors, future expansion of CLDs, and the systems science community. © 2023 The Authors. System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society.
Binder‐Free MOF‐Based and MOF‐Derived Nanoarrays for Flexible Electrochemical Energy Storage: Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Cai Dongming , Yang Zhuxian , Tong Rui , Huang Haiming , Zhang Chuankun , Xia Yongde 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe fast development of Internet of Things and the rapid advent of next‐generation versatile wearable electronics require cost‐effective and highly‐efficient electroactive materials for flexible electrochemical energy storage devices. Among various electroactive materials, binder‐free nanostructured arrays have attracted widespread attention. Featured with growing on a conductive and flexible substrate without using inactive and insulating binders, binder‐free 3D nanoarray electrodes facilitate fast electron/ion transportation and rapid reaction kinetics with more exposed active sites, maintain structure integrity of electrodes even under bending or twisted conditions, readily release generated joule heat during charge/discharge cycles and achieve enhanced gravimetric capacity of the whole device. Binder‐free metal‐organic framework (MOF) nanoarrays and/or MOF‐derived nanoarrays with high surface area and unique porous structure have emerged with great potential in energy storage field and been extensively exploited in recent years. In this review, common substrates used for binder‐free nanoarrays are compared and discussed. Various MOF‐based and MOF‐derived nanoarrays, including metal oxides, sulfides, selenides, nitrides, phosphides and nitrogen‐doped carbons, are surveyed and their electrochemical performance along with their applications in flexible energy storage are analyzed and overviewed. In addition, key technical issues and outlooks on future development of MOF‐based and MOF‐derived nanoarrays toward flexible energy storage are also offered.
Dual Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL) and Piezoelectric Responses in Self‐Assembled Chiral Nanostructures Derived from a Dipeptide Based Piezorganogel
Authors: Umesh  , Bera Sayan , Bhattacharya Santanu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNext‐generation medical and consumer electrical devices require soft, flexible materials. Piezoelectric materials, capable of converting mechanical stress into electrical energy, are of interest across various fields. Chiral nanostructures, with inherent chirality, have emerged as potential piezoelectric materials. Peptide‐based materials, known for self‐assembly and stimuli responsiveness, hold promise for the utilization of chiral nanostructures. When combined with luminescent chromophores, peptides can generate aggregation‐induced chiroptical effects like Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL) and Circular Dichroism (CD). In this study, a chiral organogel, L,L‐1 is synthesized, and its self‐assembly, mechanical properties, and chiroptical features are examined. The organogel exhibits thermo‐reversible and thixotropic behavior, forming fibrillar networks and 2D‐sheets upon cooling. CD spectroscopy reveals aggregation‐induced chirality on pyrene chromophore, resulting in CPL with glum values of 3.0 (± 0.2) × 10−3 and 3.1 (± 0.2) × 10−3 for L,L‐1 and D,D‐1, respectively. Notably, the 2D‐sheets exhibit an enhanced piezoelectric response (d33 ≈76.0 pm V−1) compared to the fibrillar network (d33 ≈64.1 pm V−1). Introducing an electron‐deficient molecule into the solution forms a Charge‐transfer (CT) complex, modulating the piezoelectric response to d33 ≈52.44 pm V−1. This study offers a promising approach to optoelectronics design, presenting a chiral system with both CPL and piezoelectric responses, opening new possibilities for innovative applications.