bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the solar hydrogen generation performance of nickel-oxide nanostructured thin films doped with molybdenum
Authors: Abdelmoneim Alhoda , Abdel-wahab Mohamed Sh , Elfayoumi M A K , Ahmed Ashour M , Ibrahim Alaa M , Hamdy Hasnaa , Tawfik Wael Z 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Using technology to store solar energy as hydrogen fuel (H2) on a scale corresponding to global energy use is a viable way to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental deterioration. This research deals with the manufacture of thin films prepared from nickel oxide (NiO) and their use in the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting process to produce green H2 as a clean energy fuel. Herein, pure and Mo-doped NiO thin films were successfully prepared using a straightforward sputtering method at different radio frequency (RF) power for the Mo target from 0 to 50 watt. x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and UV–vis spectroscopy techniques were used to analyze the structural, morphological, chemical composition, and optical characterization of the prepared films. The PEC behaviours for green H2 production and the impedance spectroscopy measurements were also investigated for all samples. In PEC measurements, the 50 W sample showed the highest PEC performance. At −0.4V versus RHE, the 50 W sample verified the highest value for the photocurrent density of about 1.7 mA cm−2 which was approximately four times more than the pure NiO sample. The applied biased photon-to-current conversion efficiency and incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency were also estimated. This research provided a fresh viewpoint on the design of highly active NiO-based photo-catalysts for the production of green H2 powered by solar light.
Investigation of temperature cycles by real experiment and numerical simulation of welded joints from austenitic steel and aluminium
Authors: Kraváriková H , Ďuriš R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Various research methods are used in the field of scientific research. The most frequently used methods are real experiment and computer modeling. A real experiment requires equipping the laboratory with very expensive equipment. The implementation of experiments in laboratories requires knowledgeable professional personnel to operate the devices. Therefore, when investigating phenomena, the real experiment is gradually being replaced by a numerical experiment using computer technology. Computer modeling with appropriate software provides convenient investigation of technical phenomena in various areas of technological processes. Realization of experiments by computer modeling is more flexible when solving technical processes. The content of the article is a description of the investigation of temperature cycles. The experiment described in this paper focused on measuring the temperature cycles of the butt and fillet welds made of austenitic steel and aluminum. The temperature cycles were investigated via a real experiment and modelling: 1/under laboratory conditions, measured using thermocouples located in the heat-affected zone (HAZ), 2/by numerical experiment performed in the ANSYS program using FEM. Numerical simulation was used to investigate the welding process. When modeling the temperature cycles, we compared the calculated temperatures in the nodes of the model, which corresponded to the places where the thermocouples were placed in the real experiment. Results from both experiments are shown graphically.
The influence of heat treatment on the nitriding layer on austenitic steel
Authors: Uhríčik M , Palček P , Hudecová S , Šurdová Z , Slezák M , Chvalníková V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The article will be focused on the analysis of the influence of heat treatment on the nitriding layer, which will be applied on austenitic steel. AISI 304 austenitic steel delivered without heat treatment will be used as experimental material. The nitriding layer will be applied to the austenitic steel samples by plasma nitriding. Then, after plasma nitriding, samples will be subjected to heat treatment. Solution annealing and sensitization will be chosen as heat treatment. Experiments deal with microstructural material analysis, fractographic analysis, mechanical and fatigue tests.
Influence of generator parameters on cutting width during WEDM process
Authors: Šimna V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The primary objective of this paper is to rigorously analyse the influence of selected parameters on the cut width in the context of Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM). The parameters under investigation, each varied at different levels, include pulse width, servo reference mean voltage, time interval between two pulses, discharge frequency, and wire feed speed. As the workpiece material, sintered carbide K10 was used. Data for the response variable, cut width, was meticulously collected using two high-precision instruments: the Zoller Genius 3s and the Alicona InfiniteFocusSL. Among the parameters studied, the mean reference voltage emerged as the most influential variable. It holds a commanding lead with a percentage contribution of as much as 82.4 %, making it nearly 15 times more impactful than the second most influential parameter, which is pulse width. At its lowest setting, or first level, the mean reference voltage results in a record low cut width. Conversely, at its highest setting, or third level, it leads to a record high cut width. This comprehensive analysis not only quantifies the relative importance of each parameter but also provides valuable insights into the optimal settings for achieving desired cut widths. The findings have significant implications for improving the efficiency and precision of WEDM processes.
Possibilities of analyzing the mechanical properties of welded and soldered joints
Authors: Martinkovič M , Kovačócy P 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
During a tensile test of a welded and soldered joint, the sample is broken at the point of least strength or at the point of the defect. If there is a violation in the base material, the joint is evaluated as satisfactory, but we do not get an overview of the strength of the individual parts of the welded joint and also of the soldered joint, and thus it is not possible to measure the strength in a predetermined part of the welded joint and also the strength of the soldered joint. An option to measure this property is to measure the shear strength in any predetermined part of the weld joint. It is thus possible to measure the shear strength of butt weld joints in the base material, in various zones of the heat-affected zone, in the weld metal, and also in lap weld and soldered joints. The possibilities of analyzing the mechanical properties in the mentioned way were verified on butt and lap copper - stainless steel joints created by electron beam welding and laser beam welding. The joints before and after the test were metallographically analyzed.
Experience with modeling values of the virtual catapult range
Authors: Kotianová J , Turza M , Červeňanská Z , Ďuriš R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The development of a virtual catapult involves the synthesis of knowledge from several fields, namely physics, probability, statistics, regression analysis, and computer science. Our contribution is not focused on the description of the creation of the application from the software point of view, but it presents a method by which it is possible to generate the numerical values of the range of the virtual catapult along with their corresponding variability. When modeling these range values, it is possible to choose the classical theoretical approach, i. e., the physical approach using equations of motion, or to statistically process the measured values obtained by experimenting with a real catapult model. In our case, a statistical approach, specifically the Design of Experiments method, was chosen to estimate the values of the catapult range. The obtained appropriate regression model was used as the output of the statistical analysis of the measured data for point estimates of the range at specific settings of selected parameters of a real catapult. In order for the results of the simulated range values to correspond to the actual range values of the catapult, it was necessary to achieve a realistic fluctuation (randomness) of the results in the simulation of the catapult ranges around the predicted range value obtained from the regression model. This article suggests a way to ensure stochasticity when modeling such types of systems.
ADH-Enhancer: an attention-based deep hybrid framework for enhancer identification and strength prediction
Authors: Mehmood Faiza , Arshad Shazia , Shoaib Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Enhancers play an important role in the process of gene expression regulation. In DNA sequence abundance or absence of enhancers and irregularities in the strength of enhancers affects gene expression process that leads to the initiation and propagation of diverse types of genetic diseases such as hemophilia, bladder cancer, diabetes and congenital disorders. Enhancer identification and strength prediction through experimental approaches is expensive, time-consuming and error-prone. To accelerate and expedite the research related to enhancers identification and strength prediction, around 19 computational frameworks have been proposed. These frameworks used machine and deep learning methods that take raw DNA sequences and predict enhancer’s presence and strength. However, these frameworks still lack in performance and are not useful in real time analysis. This paper presents a novel deep learning framework that uses language modeling strategies for transforming DNA sequences into statistical feature space. It applies transfer learning by training a language model in an unsupervised fashion by predicting a group of nucleotides also known as k-mers based on the context of existing k-mers in a sequence. At the classification stage, it presents a novel classifier that reaps the benefits of two different architectures: convolutional neural network and attention mechanism. The proposed framework is evaluated over the enhancer identification benchmark dataset where it outperforms the existing best-performing framework by 5%, and 9% in terms of accuracy and MCC. Similarly, when evaluated over the enhancer strength prediction benchmark dataset, it outperforms the existing best-performing framework by 4%, and 7% in terms of accuracy and MCC.
Kled: an ultra-fast and sensitive structural variant detection tool for long-read sequencing data
Authors: Zhang Zhendong , Jiang Tao , Li Gaoyang , Cao Shuqi , Liu Yadong , Liu Bo , Wang Yadong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Structural Variants (SVs) are a crucial type of genetic variant that can significantly impact phenotypes. Therefore, the identification of SVs is an essential part of modern genomic analysis. In this article, we present kled, an ultra-fast and sensitive SV caller for long-read sequencing data given the specially designed approach with a novel signature-merging algorithm, custom refinement strategies and a high-performance program structure. The evaluation results demonstrate that kled can achieve optimal SV calling compared to several state-of-the-art methods on simulated and real long-read data for different platforms and sequencing depths. Furthermore, kled excels at rapid SV calling and can efficiently utilize multiple Central Processing Unit (CPU) cores while maintaining low memory usage. The source code for kled can be obtained from https://github.com/CoREse/kled.
Race, Religious Freedom, and the Institutional Limitations of the Baptist Joint Committee on Public Affairs
Authors: Gardner Andrew 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In 1936, Baptists from across geographic and racial lines cooperatively began working together to address questions of common social concern—specifically, religious freedom. Ten years later, this cooperative work spurred the formation of the Baptist Joint Committee on Public Affairs, later known as the Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty (BJC). Recent scholarship has critiqued conceptions of religious freedom in the United States from a multitude of perspectives. Tisa Wenger has shown the ways in which religious freedom in the first half of the twentieth century functioned as a cover for white Christians to avoid addressing questions of race and segregation. This article further explores this idea through the history of the Baptist Joint Committee. It shows how BJC and its board members were unable to foster significant interracial collaboration in its early years not only because of its singular focus on religious freedom but also because of the denominational and bureaucratic social networks that helped establish this organization. White BJC staff and board members lacked the necessary relationships with and knowledge of Black Baptist denominational leaders and organizations. This article shows that the challenges facing BJC in cultivating an interracial conception of religious freedom were far more than solely intellectual. These challenges were social and bureaucratic.
Transatlantic leadership in an era of human rights-based export controls
Authors: Hart Nina M , Casey Christopher A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In 2021, the USA and the European Union (EU) expressed an interest in deepening their cooperation with each other and other international actors on export controls to address evolving security risks, including the misuse of dual-use technologies to violate human rights. This interest presents an opportunity to probe the potential for US–EU leadership, as a stated intention of these actors, in developing standards that incorporate human rights considerations into export control policy. To undertake this analysis, this article assesses the legal and political context in which the USA and the EU regulate exports and how this context affects potential opportunities for leadership. The article contends that the USA and EU may struggle to exercise joint leadership due to their divergent systems but may be capable of doing so if they invest in creative diplomatic efforts. In particular, the USA possesses greater legal flexibility than the EU to propose new standards and to engage in diplomatic efforts to multilateralize them. In short, the EU’s structural limitations create a dynamic in which the EU will rely heavily on US diplomacy, as well as that of its Member States, to achieve its objective of creating US–EU leadership in this area.
First report of the complete mitochondrial genome of 3 beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) harming Gastrodia elata (Asparagales: Orchidaceae)
Authors: Long Tingting , Zhu Wenli , Yang Lin , Long Jiankun , Chang Zhimin , Chen Xiangsheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume, a valuable traditional Chinese medicine with significant clinical and nutritional importance, is a fungal heterotrophic orchid. We present the first report of the mitochondrial genome structure and characteristics of 3 Scarabaeidae pests affecting G. elata: Sophrops peronosporus Gu & Zhang, Anomala rufiventris Kollar & Redtenbacher, and Callistethus plagiicollis Fairmaire. Each mitogenome contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and a control region, with no gene rearrangements observed. All 21 tRNAs, except trnS1 that lacks a dihydrouridine, had a stable cloverleaf secondary structure. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses based on the 13 PCGs produced 2 topologically similar phylogenetic trees, both of with high nodal support. Larvae of these Scarabaeidae pests cause substantial damage by gnawing on the tubers and roots of G. elata, leading to reduced yield and compromised quality. These findings contribute to phylogenetic studies of Scarabaeidae, expand knowledge of G. elata pests, and offer valuable reference materials for their identification and control.
Composition and transstadial retention of the salivary glands in Ornithodoros hermsi (Acari: Argasidae)
Authors: Schwan Tom G , Fischer Elizabeth R , Long Daniel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Following several days of blood feeding by larval and nymphal ixodid (hard) ticks, the salivary glands degenerate and are completely replaced in the next life stage. Yet, what happens during the molt of immature argasid (soft) ticks after their rapid and small bloodmeal has remained a mystery. Multiple studies of nymphal Ornithodoros hermsi Wheeler (Acari: Argasidae) ticks infected with the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia hermsii suggested the salivary glands in these ticks may not disintegrate after feeding. Therefore, cohorts of second-stage O. hermsi nymphs were fed and examined daily after the bloodmeal by fresh dissections and weekly by histological cross-sections of the entire tick. The composition of the salivary glands was typical for argasid ticks in having agranular (Type I) and granular (Type II) acini, the latter being surrounded by a myo-epithelial sheath. In all 197 ticks examined from 1 to 63 days after feeding, morphologically intact salivary glands were present. During apolysis, 5 ticks had extralimital clusters of granular acini adhering to otherwise intact glands. Our observations demonstrate that the salivary glands of nymphal O. hermsi do not disintegrate after feeding and new acini are produced during the molt for incorporation into the existing glands. Cumulatively, these findings suggest a fundamental difference in the transstadial development of argasid and ixodid ticks.
Idiopathic pseudoaneurysmal omental bleeding, a rare cause of life-threatening acute abdomen
Authors: Yu Zirong , Alhamadani Mohammed Ali , Chehade Marthe , Wright Danette B 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Mesenteric aneurysms and their complications can be a life-threatening presentation of acute abdomen to the emergency department. The majority of mesenteric artery aneurysms are incidentally detected on imaging investigations and are asymptomatic. Symptomatic mesenteric aneurysms manifest as hemoperitoneum or abdominal pain. In addition, treatment of symptomatic aneurysms is delayed due to the infrequent consideration of the diagnosis in patients presenting with abdominal pain. Timely and accurate diagnosis is of paramount importance as any delay in definitive surgical management can lead to increased patient’s mortality and morbidity with up to 25% of mesenteric aneurysms may be complicated by rupture.
Fundamentals for habitable scenarios for Earth-like planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system
Authors: Payne R C , Kaltenegger L 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The characterization of rocky exoplanets in the Habitable Zone (HZ) of their stars has entered a new era with the launch of the JWST. The TRAPPIST-1 star system is a particularly interesting target for observations, with its seven Earth-sized planets. An insightful body of work for a wide range of atmospheres has shown them to be intriguing candidates for analysis to learn more about terrestrial planets and their evolution. However, unknowns remain in analyses of changing conditions for planets with Earth-analogue atmospheres (N2-CO2-H2O) for the whole system, as well as what spectral features JWST could search for in such environments. Here, we explore the specific question of how rocky Earth-analogue planets could evolve at the position of the TRAPPIST-1 planets and assess the conditions that could lead to surface temperatures above freezing for the planets in the HZ. We found that three of the seven planets could provide warm surface conditions for Earth-analogue atmospheres. Our models show marked differences in the resulting transmission spectra. The first JWST observation of the atmosphere for TRAPPIST-1 planets have recently been published to exclude widely extended atmospheres without clouds, but more observations are needed to put constrains on models for terrestrial atmospheres.
Selective DRD2 antagonist and ClpP agonist ONC201 in a recurrent non-midline H3 K27M-mutant glioma cohort
Authors: Odia Yazmin , Hall Matthew D , Cloughesy Timothy Francis , Wen Patrick Y , Arrillaga-Romany Isabel , Daghistani Doured , Mehta Minesh P , Tarapore Rohinton S , Ramage Samuel C , Allen Joshua E 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (H3 K27M-altered DMG) are invariably lethal, disproportionately affecting the young and without effective treatment besides radiotherapy. The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumors Classification defined H3 K27M mutations as pathognomonic but restricted diagnosis to diffuse gliomas involving midline structures by 2018. Dordaviprone (ONC201) is an oral investigational small molecule, DRD2 antagonist, and ClpP agonist associated with durable responses in recurrent H3 K27M-mutant DMG. Activity of ONC201 in non-midline H3 K27M-mutant diffuse gliomas has not been reported.

Methods
Patients with recurrent non-midline H3 K27M-mutant diffuse gliomas treated with ONC201 were enrolled in 5 trials. Eligibility included measurable disease by Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) high-grade glioma, Karnofsky/Lansky performance score ≥60, and ≥90 days from radiation. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR).

Results
Five patients with cerebral gliomas (3 frontal, 1 temporal, and 1 parietal) met inclusion. One complete and one partial response were reported by investigators. Blinded independent central review confirmed ORR by RANO criteria for 2, however, 1 deemed nonmeasurable and another stable. A responding patient also noted improved mobility and alertness.

Conclusions
H3 K27M-mutant diffuse gliomas occasionally occur in non-midline cerebrum. ONC201 exhibits activity in H3 K27M-mutant gliomas irrespective of CNS location.
Introduction
Authors: Campbell Elizabeth 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The introduction presents the book’s central arguments and situates these findings in a substantial literature on Nazi art looting and postwar restitution. Whereas most studies approach the subject on a national level, this book compares restitution, and lack thereof, in France, the Netherlands and Belgium, with new insight into postwar art custodianships established in all three countries. Despite differences in the circumstances of occupation and the scope of art plunder, the approach to ownerless art by the late 1940s is remarkably similar. The art custodianships, in the end, extended the long-term dispossession, especially of Jewish owners, wrought by the Nazis and their collaborators.
Conclusion
Authors: Campbell Elizabeth 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In late 2013, a sensational story leaked to the press that German authorities had discovered some 1,400 artworks in the small Munich apartment of Cornelius Gurlitt. The owner had inherited the pieces from his father Hildebrand, a key dealer of modern art for the Nazis, raising suspicions that at least some of the items had been plundered from Jews. International criticism surrounding the lack of German transparency coincided with publicity for George Clooney’s film, The Monuments Men (2014), a Hollywood blockbuster featuring a star-studded cast. The ensuing media firestorm illustrates the extent to which norms related to Nazi-era art had shifted since the 1990s. Public and private collecting institutions worldwide, crucially in Europe and the United States, have repeatedly acknowledged their responsibility to conduct thorough provenance research on pieces produced before 1946 that may have changed hands in Europe under the Nazis, and to publish findings transparently. Wider adherence to ethical museum practices would further advance early twenty-first-century progress toward belated cultural justice.