bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Progress of Small Molecule Targeting BCR-ABL in the Treatment of
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Wu Xin , Sun Xueyan , Yang Jun , Liu Chang , Tang Guotao , Lei Xiaoyong , Huang Honglin , Peng Junmei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a malignant myeloproliferative disease. According
to the American Cancer Society's 2021 cancer data report, new cases of CML account for
about 15% of all leukemias. CML is generally divided into three stages: chronic phase, accelerated
phase, and blast phase. Nearly 90% of patients are diagnosed as a chronic phase. Allogeneic stem
cell transplantation and chemotherapeutic drugs, such as interferon IFN-α were used as the earliest
treatments for CML. However, they could generate obvious side effects, and scientists had to seek
new treatments for CML. A new era of targeted therapy for CML began with the introduction of
imatinib, the first-generation BCR-ABL kinase inhibitor. However, the ensuing drug resistance and
mutant strains led by T315I limited the further use of imatinib. With the continuous advancement of
research, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and BCR-ABL protein degraders with novel structures
and therapeutic mechanisms have been discovered. From biological macromolecules to classical
target protein inhibitors, a growing number of compounds are being developed to treat chronic myelogenous
leukemia. In this review, we focus on summarizing the current situation of a series of candidate
small-molecule drugs in CML therapy, including TKIs and BCR-ABL protein degrader. The
examples provided herein describe the pharmacology activity of small-molecule drugs. These drugs
will provide new enlightenment for future treatment directions.
The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Efferocytosis
Authors: Panahi Susan , Yazdi Zohreh , Sanchouli Mahboubeh , Sajadi Fatemehsadat , Motavasselian Fateme , Maghareh Abed Hedyeh , Beygi Zahra , Gheibihayat Seyed Mohammad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Efferocytosis is the physiological process of phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells by
both professional phagocytic cells, such as macrophages, and non-professional phagocytic cells,
such as epithelial cells. This process is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis in normal physiology.
Any defects in efferocytosis can lead to pathological consequences and result in inflammatory
diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), and apoptotic vesicles
(ApoVs), play a crucial role in proper efferocytosis. These EVs can significantly impact efferocytosis
by affecting the polarization of macrophages and impacting calreticulin (CRT), TAM
receptors, and MFG-E8. With further knowledge of these effects, new treatment strategies can be
proposed for many inflammatory diseases caused by efferocytosis disorders. This review article
aims to investigate the role of EVs during efferocytosis and its potential clinical applications in inflammatory
diseases.
Roles of lncRNA-MALAT1 in the Progression and Prognosis of Gliomas
Authors: Ji Yu-Long , Kang Kai , Lv Qiao-Li , Wang Da-Peng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a large subgroup of RNA transcripts that
lack the function of coding proteins and may be essential universal genes involved in carcinogenesis
and metastasis. LncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lncRNAMALAT1)
is overexpressed in various human tumors, including gliomas. However, the biological
function and molecular mechanism of action of lncRNA-MALAT1 in gliomas have not yet been
systematically elucidated. Accumulating evidence suggests that the abnormal expression of
lncRNA-MALAT1 in gliomas is associated with various physical properties of the glioma, such as
tumor growth, metastasis, apoptosis, drug resistance, and prognosis. Furthermore, lncRNAs, as tumor
progression and prognostic markers in gliomas, may affect tumorigenesis, proliferation of glioma
stem cells, and drug resistance. In this review, we summarize the knowledge on the biological
functions and prognostic value of lncRNA-MALAT1 in gliomas. This mini-review aims to deepen
the understanding of lncRNA-MALAT1 as a novel potential therapeutic target for the individualized
precision treatment of gliomas.
Recent Advances in Natural Products with Anti-Leukemia and Anti-
Lymphoma Activities
Authors: Sun Zhi-Gang , Yao Cheng-Jie , Ullah Inam , Zhu Hai-Liang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Leukemia and lymphoma are the most common blood cancers, which pose a critical
threat to the health of adults and children. The total incidence and mortality rates of both are approximately
6% globally. Compared with the expensive cost of CAR T cell therapy, natural products
from animals, plants and microorganisms have the characteristics of wide-range sources and costeffectiveness
in the treatment of cancer. Moreover, the drug resistance that emerged in leukemia and
lymphoma treatments shows an urgent need for new drugs. However, in addition to the natural
products that have been marketed in the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma, there have been a
large number of studies on natural products that fight blood cancer in recent years. This review
summarized the recent studies on natural compounds with anti-lymphoma and anti-leukemia activities,
hoping to provide novel weapons into the drug development arsenal.
A Review on Novel Applications of Nanotechnology in the Management of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Khanam Arshi , Singh Gurvirender , Narwal Smita , Chopra Bhawna , Dhingra Ashwani K. 
Published: October 2023

Background:Prostate cancer continues to be a serious danger to men's health, despite advances in the field of cancer nanotechnology. Although different types of cancer have been studied using nanomaterials and theranostic systems derived from nanomaterials, they have not yet reached their full potential for prostate cancer due to issues with in vivo biologic compatibility, immune reaction responses, accurate targetability, as well as a therapeutic outcome related to the nano-structured mechanism.Method:The ultimate motive of this article is to understand the theranostic nanotechnology-based scheme for treating prostate cancer. The categorization of diverse nanomaterials in accordance with biofunctionalization tactics and biomolecule sources has been emphasized in this review so that they might potentially be used in clinical contexts and future advances. These opportunities can enhance the direct visualization of prostate tumors, early identification of prostate cancer-associated biomarkers at extremely low detection limits, and finally, the therapy for prostate cancer.Result:In December 2022, a thorough examination of the scientific literature was carried out utilizing the Web of Science, PubMed, and Medline databases. The goal was to analyze novel applications of nanotechnology in the treatment of prostate cancer, together with their structural layouts and functionalities.Conclusion:The various treatments and the reported revolutionary nanotechnology-based systems appear to be precise, safe, and generally successful; as a result, this might open up a new avenue for the detection and eradication of prostate cancer.
Nanoformulations Insights: A Novel Paradigm for Antifungal Therapies
and Future Perspectives
Authors: Ahuja Ashima , Bajpai Meenakshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Currently, fungal infections are becoming more prevalent worldwide. Subsequently, many
antifungal agents are available to cure diseases like pemphigus, athlete’s foot, acne, psoriasis, hyperpigmentation,
albinism, and skin cancer. Still, they fall short due to pitfalls in physiochemical properties.
Conventional medications like lotion, creams, ointments, poultices, and gels are available for
antifungal therapy but present many shortcomings. They are associated with drug retention and poor
penetration problems, resulting in drug resistance, hypersensitivity, and diminished efficacy. On the
contrary, nanoformulations have gained tremendous potential in overcoming the drawbacks of conventional
delivery. Furthermore, the potential breakthroughs of nanoformulations are site-specific
targeting. It has improved bioavailability, patient-tailored approach, reduced drug retention and hypersensitivity,
and improved skin penetration. Nowadays, nanoformulations are gaining popularity
for antifungal therapy against superficial skin infections. Nanoformulations-based liposomes, niosomes,
nanosponges, solid lipid nanoparticles, and potential applications have been explored for antifungal
therapy due to enhanced activity and reduced toxicity. Researchers are now more focused on
developing patient-oriented target-based nano delivery to cover the lacunas of conventional treatment
with higher immune stimulatory effects. Future direction involves the construction of novel nanotherapeutic
devices, nanorobotics, and robust methods. In addition, for the preparations of nanoformulations
for clinical studies, animal modeling solves the problems of antifungal therapy. This review
describes insights into various superficial fungal skin infections and their potential applications,
nanocarrier-based drug delivery, and mechanism of action. In addition, it focuses on regulatory considerations,
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, clinical trials, patents, challenges, and
future inputs for researchers to improve antifungal therapy.
Ethnopharmacology, Nutritional Value, Therapeutic Effects,
Phytochemistry, and Toxicology of Salvia hispanica L.: A Review
Authors: Amtaghri Smail , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

Aim:
The purpose of this review was to emphasize the nutritional value, and pharmacological
and phytochemical properties of Salvia hispanica, as well as its toxicological evaluation.

Background:
Salvia hispanica L. (S. hispanica), also called chia seeds, is an annual herbaceous
plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae. It is a species of medicinal and dietary plant used since
ancient times by the Maya and Aztecs. Its product is an indehiscent dry fruit that is commonly
called a seed. It is utilized for its health benefits and uses in cooking.

Objective:
The study aimed to investigate the pharmacological, phytochemical, and toxicological
properties of S. hispanica seeds. The research also attempted to explore and compile all existing
knowledge and data on these seeds' nutritional value and medical applications.

Materials and Methods:
The current review was conducted using numerous scientific databases,
including Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, etc. The correct plant name was verified
from plantlist.org. The results of this search were interpreted, analyzed, and documented
based on the obtained bibliographic information.

Results:
S. hispanica is a pseudo cereal that is consumed by the world’s population because of its
preventive, functional, and antioxidant characteristics, attributable to the presence of lipids, dietary
fiber, protein, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and minerals. According to research, chia offers
hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihypersensitive,
anti-obesity, and cardioprotective properties. Chia consumption has grown because of its favorable
benefits on obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and several forms of cancer. These advantages
are mostly due to the high concentration of essential fatty acids, dietary fiber, antioxidants,
flavonoids, anthocyanins, vitamins, carotenoids, and minerals found in this seed. Based on
the beneficial components, chia seeds have enormous potential in the areas of health, food, animal
feed, medicines, and nutraceuticals. Finally, toxicological investigations have indicated the greater
doses of chia seed extracts as safe.

Conclusion:
The current evaluation has focused on the distribution, chemical composition, nutritional
value, and principal uses of S. hispanica in order to determine future research requirements
and examine its pharmacological applications through clinical studies.
Targeting Various Pathogenic Pathways for the Development of Antialzheimer’s Drugs: An Update
Authors: Ambreen Subiya , Fatima Naurin , Umar Mohammad , Shaququzzaman Mohd , Alam Mohammad Mumtaz , Ali Ruhi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been recognized as the most important cause of dementia,
which is estimated to contribute more than 2 trillion USD in medical costs. AD patients encounter
progressive neurodegenerative dementia associated with behavioural, linguistic, and visuospatial
deficits. Although studies on the discovery of amyloid β (Aβ) and tau (the essential elements
of plaques and tangles in AD) have shed light on the molecular pathological processes of
AD, the exact cause of the condition is still largely unknown. The involvement of various proteins,
such as amyloid-β, prion protein, tau, and α-synuclein has been linked to AD pathogenesis.
The current AD treatments are mainly based on symptomatic management and restoration of neurotransmitters’
balance. There is a significant need to develop medications that can alter the underlying
disease process and prevent its progression. The present manuscript provides a review of
various hypotheses that have been proposed for AD pathogenesis. The manuscript has also explored
the development of novel anti-AD drugs based on various pathogenic pathways, which are
recently under various clinical trial phases.
A Review of the Azasteroid-type 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors for the Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Arya Girish Chandra , Rathee Ankit , Mehla Shefali , Bisht Preeti , Sharma Rajiv 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Prostate cancer is one of the most complex cancer and most common in
elderly males. The prostate gland's malignant growth known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is
associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) such as frequency hesitancy, and urgency.
Various treatment strategies have been employed for management of prostate cancer. Due to its prolonged
treatment, varying clinical treatment and high association with treatment related morbidity
raise serious questions about the ideal treatment strategy for the patients. Except for skin cancer,
prostate cancer is the most frequent cancer among men.

Introduction:
Prostate cancer cases were estimated at 14, 14,259 and 3, 75,304 persons were died
globally in 2020. It is the fourth most frequent type of cancer to be discovered worldwide. It impacts
over 75% of people by the time they turn 65 and its prevalence increases with age. It seems sensible
that 5-alpha reductase inhibitors prevent the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone
and would be used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia because high levels of the 5-alpha reductase
enzymes in humans lead to excessive levels of dihydrotestosterone in peripheral tissues.

Methods:
Finasteride (Proscar) and dutasteride (Avodart) are 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs)
used in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) with prostatic enlargement as these
suppress the androgens. Finasteride in clinical trials shows a 25% reduction in prostate cancer in
randomized trials. Dutasteride (Avodart) shows the reduction in risk of prostate cancer by 23 % (approx.)
but it also affects the detection of prostate cancer by affecting the levels of prostate-specific
antigen.

Results:
The structural requirements for potential 5-alpha reductase inhibitors might be revealed via
ligand-based comparative pharmacophore research employing the known strong inhibitors. These
approaches can generate data can be utilized to create more effective and selective inhibitors that
pharmaceutical industries can produce at a lesser price.

Conclusion:
5-alpha reductase inhibitors are useful in the management of prostate cancer. However,
further studies are needed to elucidate the optimal utilization, long-term effects and potential risks in
prostate cancer treatment. All 5-alpha reductase inhibitor subcategories have been addressed in this
review.
Acute Bronchiolitis: The Less, the Better?
Authors: Virgili Fabrizio , Nenna Raffaella , Di Mattia Greta , Matera Luigi , Petrarca Laura , Conti Maria Giulia , Midulla Fabio 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Acute bronchiolitis is a viral infection of the lower respiratory tract affect-
ing infants aged under 12 months, variably presenting with respiratory distress, diffuse crackles
and inflammatory wheezing. The main causative agent is Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). The
diagnosis is clinical and treatment mainly supportive. Despite the availability of more than 30 in-
ternational guidelines, consistent management recommendations are lacking and considerable vari-
ability in patients’ care persists among different providers.

Objective:
To review and describe current knowledge about epidemiology, physiopathology, clin-
ic, diagnosis and management of acute bronchiolitis, with particular emphasis on updated evidence and future perspectives in terms of treatment and prevention.

Methods and Results:
We searched Cochrane for systematic reviews and PubMed for scientific ar-
ticles published in the last 10 years, using a combination of the following search terms: “bronchi-
olitis”, “respiratory syncytial virus”, “epidemiology”, “risk factors”, “severity”, “diagnosis”, “clin-
ic”, “diagnostic imaging”, “management”, “asthma”, “wheezing”, “bronchodilator”, “steroids”,
“hypertonic saline”, “oxygen”, “blood gas analysis”, “HHHFNC”, “rehydration”, “enteral feed-
ing”, “parenteral hydration”, “prevention”, “vaccine” and “COVID-19 or SARS-CoV2”. We ac-
cordingly performed a deep and extensive selection of the most updated and considerable litera-
ture on the matter, summarizing the most significant evidence concerning all aspects of acute bron-
chiolitis (epidemiology, clinic, diagnosis, management and prevention). Furthermore, we ex-
amined references and available guidelines from UK, USA, Canada, Italy and Spain. Results are
extensively discussed below.

Conclusion:
Although acute bronchiolitis has been a widely known disease for decades, its thera-
peutic approach remained unchanged and essentially limited to respiratory and metabolic support.
Despite the abundance of studies, there is no significant evidence concerning therapeutic alterna-
tives (e.g. steroids, inhaled hypertonic solution), which are therefore not recommended. Accord-
ing to most recent data, “acute bronchiolitis” definition encompasses a plethora of different clini-
cal entities related to each subject’s genetic and immune predisposition. Therefore, future research
should focus on the precise characterization of such subcategories in order to individualize thera-
peutic management and ensure the most appropriate evidence-based care.
Novel Approaches for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Update
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Mazumder Rupa , Rani Anjna , Pandey Pratibha , Khurana Navneet 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:Diabetes mellitus is an irreversible, chronic metabolic disorder indicated by hyperglycemia. It is now considered a worldwide pandemic. T2DM, a spectrum of diseases initially caused by tissue insulin resistance and slowly developing to a state characterized by absolute loss of secretory action of the β cells of the pancreas, is thought to be caused by reduced insulin secretion, resistance to tissue activities of insulin, or a combination of both. Insulin secretagogues, biguanides, insulin sensitizers, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, incretin mimetics, amylin antagonists, and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the main medications used to treat T2DM. Several of these medication’s traditional dosage forms have some disadvantages, including frequent dosing, a brief half-life, and limited absorption. Hence, attempts have been made to develop new drug delivery systems for oral antidiabetics to ameliorate the difficulties associated with conventional dosage forms. In comparison to traditional treatments, this review examines the utilization of various innovative therapies (such as microparticles, nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, phytosomes, and transdermal drug delivery systems) to improve the distribution of various oral hypoglycemic medications. In this review, we have also discussed some new promising candidates that have been approved recently by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of T2DM, like semaglutide, tirzepatide, and ertugliflozin. They are used as a single therapy and also as combination therapy with drugs like metformin and sitagliptin.
Contribution of Pelvic Ultrasonography in Perimenopausal Abnormal
Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Achour Radhouane , Mkadmi Hiba , Hmid Rim Ben 
Published: October 2023

Background:
About 70% of gynecological consultations for women in perimenopause
are due to metrorrhagia. In most cases, they are only the witness of hormonal disturbances resulting from a luteal deficiency. Transvaginal ultrasound is the first innocuous and available additional examination that is requested as part of an etiological assessment.

Objective:
Our study aims to evaluate the contribution of ultrasonography in perimenopausal metrorrhagia and investigate possible clinical-ultrasound correlation.

Methods:
This analytical descriptive study was carried out on 50 treated for perimenopausal metrorrhagia in the emergency department of the Tunis Maternity and Neonatology Center for four
months (November 1, 2017, to February 28, 2018). We included in our study patients who were
not yet postmenopausal who were ≥ 45 years of age, and who sought care for breakthrough bleeding. All patients in our study initially underwent endovaginal ultrasonography, sometimes coupled
with suprapubic ultrasonography.

Results:
The mean age of our patients was 46.3 years. Pelvic ultrasonography revealed an enlarged uterus in 16 patients (32%), with 14 of them having fibromatous uteri measuring between 3
to 10 centimeters. The findings indicate no significant correlation between ultrasound results and
bleeding abundance (P = 0.321), pelvic pain (P = 0.108), and general condition (P = 0.437).

Conclusion:
Endovaginal pelvic ultrasonography is a quick, painless test and is the first test to be
done first in an emergency department with perimenopausal vaginal bleeding. The correlation between clinical and ultrasound findings is highly random, making it impossible to assume a well--
coded diagnostic and therapeutic presumption.