bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ضغوط العمل وتأثيرها في عملية اتخاذ القرارات الإدارية في المستشفيات العامّة العاملة بمدينة بنغازي
Authors: سوفيناج خالد الغصني  , فتحي سعد السعيطي  
Published: December 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أبرز ضغوط العمل التي تواجهها القيادات الإدارية في المستشفيات العامة العاملة في مدينة بنغازي, والتعرف على أثر ضغوط العمل على اتخاذ القرارات الإدارية.
وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في وصف الظاهرة موضوع الدراسة, اُختيرت عينة عمدية من مديري المستشفيات، ومن ينوب عنهم في اتخاذ القرار، واُستخدمت استبانة وُزعت على العينة المختارة.
ومن أهم النتائج التي تمخضت عنها الدراسة هي أن أبرز ضغوط العمل التي تواجه أفراد العينة هي المسؤولية تجاه الآخرين، إذ إن متخذي القرار يتحملون مسؤولية عدد كبير من الموظفين من حيث توجيههم وإرشادهم وتقييم عملهم ومراقبة مهامهم, وتليها فرص العمل والنمو الوظيفي، ويمكن تفسير ذلك بقلة فرص التدريب والتنمية المهنية وتعلم مهارات جديدة، وأيضاً الهيكل التنظيمي، ويمكن تفسير ذلك بالمركزية الشديدة والإفراط في التخصص، وتقسيم العمل ونطاق الإشراف غير الملائم, كما بينت وجود تأثير لضغوط العمل في عملية اتخاذ القرارات ككل.
وأوصت الدراسة بالاهتمام بالجانب الإنساني لمتخذي القرارات بُغية معرفة المشكلات التي تواجههم والتي من شأنها التأثير في عملية اتخاذهم للقرارات الادارية، وكذلك الاهتمام بتقديم برامج تدريبية لتنمية المهارات القيادية، وكذلك الاعتناء بالهيكل التنظيمي لكي يتسم أكثر بالمرونة والوضوح.
تعرف ضغوط العمل بأنها أحد أنماط رد الفعل الانفعالي والمعرفي والسلوكي والفسيولوجي لدى الفرد تجاه الإدراكات الحسية والخبرات المرتبطة ببعض الجوانب الخاصة بمحتوى العمل وعملياته وكيفيه تنظيمه والثقافة السائدة به وبيئة العمل ككل, هذا ومن الممكن أن تؤدي استجابة الجسد لهذه الضغوط إلى مجموعة متنوعة من التأثيرات السلوكية أو البدنية أو النفسية المدمرة التي تدوم لفترة طويل
عملية اتخاذ القرارات: هي عملية تحديد وتعريف المشكلة وتكوين البدائل أو الحلول واختيار البديل أو الحل المناسب وتنفيذه ومتابعة هذا التنفيذ.
تحديد الحجم الامثل لمجموعة الحبوب والخضراوات والفاكهة في ليبيا خلال الفترة (1990-2010)
Authors: هاجر حسين محمد  , نجاح عبدالرحيم مفتاح  , ربيعة خالد خليفة محمد  
Published: December 2023

تمثلت مشكلة البحث في ان الانتاج المحلي عاجز عن تلبية الاحتياجات المتزايدة للطلب المحلي وما يقابلها من تزايد في معدلات النمو السكاني حيث تبين أن انتاج الحبوب الفعلي في ليبيا بلغ متوسطه حوالي 231.27ألف طن خلال الفترة (1990-2010) ، وهي تزداد بمعدل نمو سنوي مركب متزايد بلغ حوالي 2.3% وتقابلها هذه الزيادة زيادة في الاستهلاك ، حيث أن الانتاج الفعلي لا يغطي كل الاحتياجات ولذلك تتم تغطية الاستهلاك عن طريق استيراد الحبوب من الخارج . كذلك اتضح ان الخضراوات خلال الفترة المشار إليها في ليبيا تزداد بمعدل نمو سنوي مركب بلغ 17% وهذه الزيادة تقابلها زيادة في المتاح للاستهلاك ، كما تم تقدير الحجم الامثل لإنتاج الخضراوات الذي تم الحصول عليه من المتاح للاستهلاك الفعلي في ليبيا باستخدام نموذج نيرلوف والذي بلغ حوالي 856.0 الف طن، اي ان ليبيا تحقق كميات كبيرة من الانتاج المحلي وبالتالي فان ليبيا لا تستورد الا كميات قليلة من الخضروات من الخارج . كذلك اوضحت الدراسة ان متوسط انتاج الفاكهة في ليبيا بلغ حوالي 493.48 الف طن خلال نفس الفترة ، وهذا الإنتاج يتناقص بمعدل سنوي مركب بلغ نحو 9% في المتوسط ، أي ان ليبيا لا تعتمد في استهلاكها للفاكهة على الانتاج المحلي ، بل تستورد بقية احتياجاتها من الفاكهة من الخارج خاصة التي لا يمكن زراعتها مثل الموز وغيرها من أنواع الفاكهة المختلفة .
دراسة قياسية لتغير سعر الصرف وأثره على سرعة دوران النقود "دراسة للحالة الليبية خلال الفترة (1970-2010) باستخدام منهجية (Gregory and Hansen)"
Authors: مسعود مجدي إجديد رمضان 
Published: December 2023

تهتم هذه الدراسة بإظهار أثر تغير سعر الصرف على سرعة دوران النقود في الاقتصاد الليبي خلال الفترة (1970-2010)، وهذا بالاعتماد على الأسلوب القياسي بواسطة استخدام طرق انحدار التكامل المشترك، واختبار التكامل المشترك ذي العتبات "Gregory and Hansen,1996"، واختبار السببية في ميدان الترددات "Breitung & Candelon,2006".
وتوصلت الدراسة من خلال النتائج المتحصل عليها من اختبار جورجي وهانسن (G-H) وجود علاقة تكاملية بالمدى البعيد بين متغيري الدراسة بكسر هيكلي سُجل في العامين (1973، 2000)، كما أسفرت نتائج تقدير طرق انحدار التكامل المشترك "FMOLS,DOLS,CCR" عن وجود علاقة طردية غير معنوية بين سعر الصرف وسرعة دوران النقود في الأجل الطويل طيلة فترة الدراسة، بالإضافة إلى اختبار السببية في ميدان الترددات (B-C) الذي أكدت نتائجه بأنه توجد علاقة سببية في اتجاه واحد تنطلق من سرعة دوران النقود إلى سعر الصرف في المدى البعيد فقط خلال فترة الدراسة.
Effects of prestress parameters of fiber reinforced polymer rebar on the stiffness and crack resistance of bending concrete elements. Experimental studies
Authors: Kudyakov K. L. , Buchkin A. V. , Yurin E. Yu. , Khlebnikov S. K. , Pentykhova V. A. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. In contrast to steel reinforcement, high tensile strength and relatively low elasticity modulus of fiber reinforced polymer rebar (FRP) determine the feasibility of its prestressing. However, the issues of its prestressing technology and the design of structures with its application are insufficiently studied. The current regulatory documentation contain no exhaustive scope of provisions and requirements in relation to the conditions and parameters of FRP prestressing and their account in the design and calculation of structures. In this regard, conducting a set of clarifying studies on this topic appears to be relevant and represents a considerable practical interest.Aim. To assess the effect of various FRP prestressing parameters on the stiffness and crack resistance of bending concrete elements.Materials and methods. As a part of the study, an experimental research program was developed and implemented, including the manufacture and bending testing of six concrete sample series with various FRP prestressing parameters.Results. The destructive loads were determined; patterns of deformation, cracking and destruction of bending concrete elements for various FRP prestressing parameters were established. The prerequisites for improving the system of urban planning activities in terms of clarifying and supplementing the existing regulatory documents for the design of FRP-reinforced concrete structures were established.Conclusion. The technology of FRP mechanical tensioning was laboratory successfully tested. Nevertheless, an adaptation of tensioning devices and grippers is required for its implementation at contemporary production enterprises. FRP prestressing was concluded to be an effective way of increasing the crack resistance and stiffness of bending concrete elements. Within the framework of the study, increase in the time of crack formation (relative to structures without prestressing) and a decrease in deflections in the middle of the span of up to 2.25 and 0.5 times, respectively, was recorded.
Language with vision: A study on grounded word and sentence embeddings
Authors: Shahmohammadi Hassan , Heitmeier Maria , Shafaei-Bajestan Elnaz , Lensch Hendrik P. A. , Baayen R. Harald 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGrounding language in vision is an active field of research seeking to construct cognitively plausible word and sentence representations by incorporating perceptual knowledge from vision into text-based representations. Despite many attempts at language grounding, achieving an optimal equilibrium between textual representations of the language and our embodied experiences remains an open field. Some common concerns are the following. Is visual grounding advantageous for abstract words, or is its effectiveness restricted to concrete words? What is the optimal way of bridging the gap between text and vision? To what extent is perceptual knowledge from images advantageous for acquiring high-quality embeddings? Leveraging the current advances in machine learning and natural language processing, the present study addresses these questions by proposing a simple yet very effective computational grounding model for pre-trained word embeddings. Our model effectively balances the interplay between language and vision by aligning textual embeddings with visual information while simultaneously preserving the distributional statistics that characterize word usage in text corpora. By applying a learned alignment, we are able to indirectly ground unseen words including abstract words. A series of evaluations on a range of behavioral datasets shows that visual grounding is beneficial not only for concrete words but also for abstract words, lending support to the indirect theory of abstract concepts. Moreover, our approach offers advantages for contextualized embeddings, such as those generated by BERT (Devlin et al, 2018), but only when trained on corpora of modest, cognitively plausible sizes. Code and grounded embeddings for English are available at (https://github.com/Hazel1994/Visually_Grounded_Word_Embeddings_2).
Issues of laser welding technology of the ends of heat exchange pipes in pipe gratings.
Authors: Grinev Evgeniy V. , Valiulin Sergey N. , Khlybov Alexander A. , Matveev Yuri I. 
Published: December 2023

The paper shows that the reliability and service life of shipboard heat exchangers largely depends on the quality of fixing heat exchange pipes in pipe grids. The methods of fixing pipes in a pipe grid depends on many factors: the type of heat exchanger, the material from which the pipes and pipe grids are made, the thickness of pipes and pipe grids, technological capabilities taking into account the chosen design, etc. One of the most effective ways of fixing pipes in the tube grids of heat exchangers is welding. Welds are characterized by strength, manufacturability, and provide a high service life of the joint.
In the article, it is proposed to use laser welding to perform welded joints. Laser welding provides a high focused energy density concentrated on a very small area with relatively low energy input and heating of adjacent metal layers. In laser welding, there is no strong ionizing radiation, the magnetization of the workpieces does not affect the laser beam, which is relevant when welding magnetic materials. The effect of laser radiation is highly local, carried out in the air, including in the environment of protective gases. Thanks to this, laser welding can be used without problems to connect large-sized metal structures.
The laser beam is easily transported with the help of mirror optical systems or through a light guide and is directed to hard-to-reach places. At the same time, reliable and operational control of the laser welding process with adjustable energy characteristics is provided. The article describes the technological equipment that can be used for welding heat exchange pipes and pipe gratings.
Improving the efficiency of passenger transportation in the terms of the innovative transport traffic management systems using
Authors: Pumbrasova Natalya V. , Upadysheva Elena V. 
Published: December 2023

The article considers the possibilities of increasing the efficiency of transport companies in the terms of the innovative transport traffic management systems using, identifies ways to increase the profitability of passenger transportation with limited demand for transport services, and quantifies the possible economic effect.
The purpose of the research is to identify ways to improve the efficiency of transport companies in the field of passenger transportation in the terms of the innovative transport traffic management systems using.
As the main research methods, the authors of the article identified: analytical method, observation, abstraction, generalization, mathematical modeling.
The result of this research is to determine the introduction of an interactive navigation system as the main way to increase the efficiency of passenger transportation in the terms of the innovative transport traffic management systems using, which allows reducing the inefficient costs of transport companies. At the same time, the authors proposed to supplement the theoretical foundations of calculating the costs of transport companies with the coefficient of interactive regulation of transportation, using of which becomes possible in the digitalization and innovative development of transport systems terms.
Constraints on Neutron Star Structure from the Clocked X-Ray Burster 1RXS J180408.9−342058
Authors: Dohi 土 A. 肥明 , Iwakiri 岩 W. B. 切渉 , Nishimura 西村 N. 信哉 , Noda 野田 T. 常雄 , Nagataki 長瀧 S. 重博 , Hashimoto 橋本 M. 正章 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Type I X-ray bursts are rapid-brightening transient phenomena on the surfaces of accreting neutron stars (NSs). Some X-ray bursts, called clocked bursters, exhibit regular behavior with similar light-curve profiles in their burst sequences. The periodic nature of clocked bursters has the advantage of constraining X-ray binary parameters and physics inside the NS. In the present study, we compute numerical models, based on different equations of state and NS masses, which are compared with the observations of a recently identified clocked burster, 1RXS J180408.9−342058. We find that the relation between the accretion rate and the recurrence time is highly sensitive to the NS mass and radius. We determine, in particular, that 1RXS J180408.9−342058 appears to possess a mass less than 1.7M
⊙ and favors a stiffer nuclear equation of state (with an NS radius ≳12.7 km). Consequently, the observations of this new clocked burster may provide additional constraints for probing the structure of NSs.
Magnetogenesis in a Collisionless Plasma: From Weibel Instability to Turbulent Dynamo
Authors: Zhou Muni , Zhdankin Vladimir , Kunz Matthew W. , Loureiro Nuno F. , Uzdensky Dmitri A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We report on a first-principles numerical and theoretical study of plasma dynamo in a fully kinetic framework. By applying an external mechanical force to an initially unmagnetized plasma, we develop a self-consistent treatment of the generation of “seed” magnetic fields, the formation of turbulence, and the inductive amplification of fields by the fluctuation dynamo. Driven large-scale motions in an unmagnetized, weakly collisional plasma are subject to strong phase mixing, which leads to the development of thermal pressure anisotropy. This anisotropy triggers the Weibel instability, which produces filamentary “seed” magnetic fields on plasma-kinetic scales. The plasma is thereby magnetized, enabling efficient stretching and folding of the fields by the plasma motions and the development of Larmor-scale kinetic instabilities such as the firehose and mirror. The scattering of particles off the associated microscale magnetic fluctuations provides an effective viscosity, regulating the field morphology and turbulence. During this process, the seed field is further amplified by the fluctuation dynamo until energy equipartition with the turbulent flow is reached. By demonstrating that equipartition magnetic fields can be generated from an initially unmagnetized plasma through large-scale turbulent flows, this work has important implications for the origin and amplification of magnetic fields in the intracluster and intergalactic mediums.
First Constraints on Helium +He3 Evolution in z = 3–4 Using the 8.67 GHz Hyperfine Transition
Authors: Trott Cathryn M. , Wayth Randall B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present the first constraints on the cross-correlation power spectrum of the He ii (+He3) signal strength using the redshifted 8.67 GHz hyperfine transition between z = 2.9 and 4.1 and with interferometric data obtained from the public archive of the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). 210 hr of observations of the primary calibrator source B1934-638 were extracted from data obtained with the telescope from 2014–2021, and coherently combined in a power spectrum pipeline to measure the He ii power across a range of spatial scales, and at three redshifts that span the period of helium reionization. Our best limit places the fluctuation of the brightness temperature to be less than 557 μK on spatial scales of 30′ at z = 2.91, and less than 755 μK on scales of 30′ at z = 4.14 (2σ noise limited). We measure a temperature of 489 μK at z = 2.91. ATCA’s few antennas and persistent remaining radio frequency interference in the data prevent deeper integrations improving the results. This work is a proof of principle to demonstrate how this type of experiment can be undertaken to reach the 0.01–1 μK level expected for the helium signal at z ∼ 4.
Clinical Utility of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Marker Disorganization of Retinal Inner Layers in Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Singuri Srinidhi , Luo Shiming , Hatipoglu Dilara , Nowacki Amy S. , Patel Riya , Schachat Andrew P. , Ehlers Justis P. , Singh Rishi P. , Anand-Apte Bela , Yuan Alex 
Published: December 2023

Background and Objective:
Disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL) is a potential spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging biomarker with clinical utility in diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Patients and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at a large academic center. The cohort was composed of 1,175 patients with type 2 diabetes with and without retinopathy on initial examination between September 2009 and January 2019 (
n
= 2,083 eyes). DR risk and progression factors were obtained from the medical record. Trained graders masked to patients' clinical histories evaluated SD-OCT scans for DRIL.

Results:

Of 2,083 eyes, 28.1% (
n
= 585) demonstrated presence of DRIL with high interrater reliability (
K
= 0.88, 95% CI 0.86–0.90). DRIL was associated with worse visual acuity (VA) (
P
< 0.001) and DR severity (
P
< 0.0001). Insulin users had more severe DR (
P
< 0.0001). DR-related factors, race (Black, White) and sex (male) were significantly associated with DRIL (
P
< 0.05).

Conclusions:
DRIL was strongly associated with DR severity and worse VA, supporting its utility as an unfavorable prognostic indicator.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2023;54:692–700.]
Assessment of Patency of Internal Jugular Vein in Carcinoma Oral Cavity Patients Undergoing Neck Dissection: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Baunthiyal Vinay , Rao Pankaj P. , Tyagi Arvind , Routh Dronacharya , Rehsi Simarjit Singh 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Neck dissections in carcinoma oral cavity are associated with various postoperative comorbidities. Internal jugular vein (IJV) occlusion and stenosis is a rare serious complication, which leads to serious clinical sequalae. Existing medical literature reports an incidence of this complication varying from 0% to 30%. Lacunae exist regarding any correlation between clinicopathological parameters and treatment options, of such patients, with the incidence of this complication, which might aid in adapting a preventive approach accordingly.

Aims and Objectives: a. Primary objective:
To study the patency of IJV postoperatively with preoperative status b. Secondary objective: Correlation of postoperative IJV patency with clinicopathological parameters (age, subsite, and pathological nodal status) and treatment options offered (neck dissection, radiotherapy, and reconstruction).

Subject and Methods:
Patency of IJV was analyzed preoperatively and postoperatively and correlated with various parameters, after neck dissection in 50 carcinoma oral cavity patients.

Settings and Design:
Prospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital done over 2 years.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were recorded in Excel data sheet and statistically analyzed by using the SPSS Ver 22.0.

Results:
IJV occlusion was demonstrated in 2 (4%) patients and IJV stenosis in 7 (14%) patients. Postradiotherapy patients had higher incidence of occlusion compared to patients who did not undergo radiotherapy (11.7% vs. 0%; P < 0.05). The incidence of stenosis and occlusion was significantly higher in left side neck dissection (20.6%; P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Radiotherapy and left sided neck dissection are statistically significant risk factors for postoperative IJV occlusion in carcinoma oral cavity patients.
Study of Spectrum of Cavernous Sinus Syndrome in Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Kotaru V.V.S. , Rohatgi Shalesh , Nirhale Satish , Gupta Sahil , Rao Prajwal , Naphade Pravin , Khan Furqan , Dave Dhaval , Gitay Advait , Dubey Prashant 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) is a condition with varied etiology. It is characterized by ophthalmoplegia, facial sensory loss, and Horner’s syndrome. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and radiological presentations and to identify the factors that could help in the identification of etiology.

Methods:
We prospectively observed all the patients presenting with CSS from October 2019 to September 2021 at a tertiary care hospital. Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis were excluded. All of these patients underwent detailed clinical examination, hematological, radiological, and specialized investigations based on clinical suspicion. Clinical presentations, imaging characteristics, etiology, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. 45 patients were included in our study.

Results:
The mean age was 44.6 ± 10.8 years with a female preponderance. The most common presentation was diplopia which was seen in all patients. The commonest cranial nerve involved was the abducens (75.9%). Infections (12 (26.6%)) constituted the commonest cause of CSS, followed by neoplastic involvement in 11 (24.4%), Tolosa–Hunt syndrome in 9 (20%) and vascular involvement in 8 (17.7%) patients. Other inflammatory causes were seen in 5 (11%) patients. Diabetes was positively associated with fungal infections. The presence of bruit was strongly associated with vascular etiology. The presence of sinusitis with bony erosions was strongly associated with fungal infections. Evidence of dilated superior ophthalmic vein with early filling in the angiographic phase was associated with carotid-cavernous fistulas.

Conclusions:
CSS has variable etiology and radiological presentation. The presence of rapid progressive ophthalmoplegia with underlying diabetes with imaging evidence of sinusitis and bony erosions mandates a high degree of suspicion of fungal infections and empirical antifungal therapy needs to be considered for better outcomes.
Does the Human Embryo Culture Media Has Any Impact on Implantation and Live Birth Rate in ART Cycles? A Comparative Study
Authors: Viswam Sreesha , Ramakrishnan Sujatha , Ravindran A. David , Varghese Alex C. , Ashraf C. Mohammed 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Culture media plays a pivotal role in the embryo culture system apart from the other crucial components as air quality, temperature, humidity etc., so that the selection of embryo culture media is a crucial step for the embryology team for the optimal blastocyst development and for achieving a viable pregnancy. There are two opposing views for the selection of embryo culture medium. One is embryo free choice’-“Let the embryo choose” (single-step media) and the other one is “back to nature” (sequential media) approach. Present study analyses the efficacy of these media in terms of embryo developments in vitro and pregnancy rates.

Materials and Methods:
Patients were randomly recruited for single step or sequential media culture post intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Inclusion criteria were patients with no severe male or female factors. To minimize the confounding variables, patients with surgically retrieved sperm samples were excluded from the study. Biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, implantation rate, live birth rate and miscarriage rate were analyzed.

Results:
Biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and live birth rate were favorable for group 2 (sequential media) but not statistically significant. None of the analyzed parameters differed significantly among the two media.

Conclusion:
There is a lack of solid scientific data to support the sequential media culture. However, moving embryos from one medium to another in a sequential media system probably adds significant stress to the preimplantation developing embryos in-culture apart from the unintentional humane errors. Moreover, this approach is quite labor-intensive and expensive.