bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exceptional Entanglement and Quantum Sensing with a Parity‐Time‐Symmetric Two‐Qubit System
Authors: Zhang Ji , Zhou Yan‐Li , Zuo Yunlan , Zhang Huilai , Chen Ping‐Xing , Jing Hui , Kuang Le‐Man 
Published: February 2024

AbstractParity‐time (PT) symmetric systems with gain‐loss balanced structures can have entirely real eigenenergy spectra despite their non‐Hermitian nature, leading to peculiar discoveries such as single‐mode lasers, wireless power transfer, and non‐reciprocal light propagation. Recently, the study of PT‐symmetry has extended to the quantum realm, inspiring a search for PT‐symmetric quantum effects as well as their unique applications. Here, quantum entanglement and sensing with a PT‐symmetric system of two qubits are studied with Ising‐type interaction. It is shown that exceptional points (EPs) can induce exceptional entanglement phenomena such as collapse‐revival and steady‐state entanglement on the two sides of EPs. The entanglement in the PT‐symmetric system is also found to be generated more quickly than that in the Hermitian counterpart. In addition, a scheme for realizing EP‐enhanced quantum sensing is proposed by calculating the quantum Fisher information to estimate the parameters of the system. The work provides new insights into EP‐engineered quantum effects and can benefit a wide range of applications based on non‐Hermitian quantum devices.
Observer‐based fault diagnosis for autonomous systems
Authors: Hasan Agus 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the advancement in sensor and communication technology, autonomous systems have been incrementally reshaping the execution of tasks in commercial and military sectors. Since the systems are designed to complete tasks without or with minimal human intervention, fault diagnosis based on sensor data has been crucial to preventing accidents and fatalities. In this paper, fault diagnosis for autonomous systems is designed based on nonlinear adaptive observers, tested in numerical simulations, and implemented in a robotic platform. To this end, we utilize the persistence of excitation conditions on the parametric model of the faults. We derive sufficient conditions for the nonlinear adaptive observer in terms of linear matrix inequality to ensure the convergence of the estimates. Furthermore, we consider one‐sided Lipschitz conditions to obtain less conservative results. The main advantage of using the nonlinear adaptive observer is that the method converges quickly to the actual fault and requires minimum computational effort. However, solving the linear matrix inequality might not be trivial. Numerical simulations based on a single‐link flexible joint robot model and experimental tests in an autonomous quadcopter are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Measuring the circular economy in Europe: Big differences among countries, great opportunities to converge
Authors: Claudio‐Quiroga Gloria , Poza Carlos 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe main aim of this article is to analyze the circular economy (CE) transition of European countries between 2014 and 2021, using the European Commission approach of production and consumption, waste management, secondary raw materials, and competitiveness and innovation. To do so, we have built a multidimensional Circular Economy Index that classifies European countries according to their progress towards a circular economy. We used data from the Eurostat database and extracted all circular economy indicators for the EU27 countries plus Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Iceland. The time series starts in 2014 and ends in 2021 and we have used 15 variables grouped in four dimensions by means of a second order factor analysis with a Promax rotation. We have also applied a hierarchical cluster analysis to group countries by circular economy performance. Our results suggest an improvement in circular economy performance between 2014 and 2021 in Europe. We likewise find there is a ‘four‐speed Europe’ in terms of a circular economy, highlighting the good results of the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, and Belgium.
Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine Based D‐π‐A Fluorescent Sensor for Detection of Diethylcyanophosphonate
Authors: Dhamapurkar Yashasvi Anant , Chaudhran Preeti Ashokkumar , Chandrakar Lokesh , Bahiram Yogita Motiram , Sharma Abha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerein, two fluorescent probes IM‐MN and IM‐ECA based on D‐π‐A system were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their photophysical properties. The probes were found to exhibit solvatochromic properties showing the range of fluorescence color in different polar solvents. The solvatochromism of the probes was further employed for DCNP detection. Both the probes showed excellent sensitivity and selectivity towards DCNP with fluorescence quenching response in the presence of DCNP, under UV lamp (365 nm). The probe IM‐ECA was found more sensitive in comparison to IM‐MN for detecting the presence of DCNP even at the nanomolar range. The SEM analysis has revealed the phenomenon of aggregation upon interaction of probe with DCNP that led to fluorescence quenching further, blue shift of the absorption band in UV spectra indicated formation of H‐ aggregates. Also, probes IM‐MN and IM‐ECA were fabricated into portable paper strips for real‐time detection that also resembles the response obtained in the solution phase.
A Spatiotemporal Controllable Biomimetic Skin for Accelerating Wound Repair
Authors: Chen Yuewei , Lu Weiying , Zhou Yanyan , Hu Zihe , Wu Haiyan , Gao Qing , Shi Jue , Wu Wenzhi , Lv Shang , Yao Ke , He Yong , Xie Zhijian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSkin injury repair is a dynamic process involving a series of interactions over time and space. Linking human physiological processes with materials’ changes poses a significant challenge. To match the wound healing process, a spatiotemporal controllable biomimetic skin is developed, which comprises a three‐dimensional (3D) printed membrane as the epidermis, a cell‐containing hydrogel as the dermis, and a cytokine‐laden hydrogel as the hypodermis. In the initial stage of the biomimetic skin repair wound, the membrane frame aids wound closure through pre‐tension, while cells proliferate within the hydrogel. Next, as the frame disintegrates over time, cells released from the hydrogel migrate along the residual membrane. Throughout the process, continuous cytokines release from the hypodermis hydrogel ensures comprehensive nourishment. The findings reveal that in the rat full‐thickness skin defect model, the biomimetic skin demonstrated a wound closure rate eight times higher than the blank group, and double the collagen content, particularly in the early repair process. Consequently, it is reasonable to infer that this biomimetic skin holds promising potential to accelerate wound closure and repair. This biomimetic skin with mechanobiological effects and spatiotemporal regulation emerges as a promising option for tissue regeneration engineering.
A note about why deep learning is deep: A discontinuous approximation perspective
Authors: Li Yongxin , Qi Haobo , Wang Hansheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeep learning has achieved unprecedented success in recent years. This approach essentially uses the composition of nonlinear functions to model the complex relationship between input features and output labels. However, a comprehensive theoretical understanding of why the hierarchical layered structure can exhibit superior expressive power is still lacking. In this paper, we provide an explanation for this phenomenon by measuring the approximation efficiency of neural networks with respect to discontinuous target functions. We focus on deep neural networks with rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation functions. We find that to achieve the same degree of approximation accuracy, the number of neurons required by a single‐hidden‐layer (SHL) network is exponentially greater than that required by a multi‐hidden‐layer (MHL) network. In practice, discontinuous points tend to contain highly valuable information (i.e., edges in image classification). We argue that this may be a very important reason accounting for the impressive performance of deep neural networks. We validate our theory in extensive experiments.
Evaluation of Voltage Unbalance Definitions for Voltage Control in Distribution Systems with Photovoltaic Penetration
Authors: Nakadomari Akito , Krishnan Narayanan , Furukakoi Masahiro , Hemeida Ashraf Mohamed , Senjyu Tomonobu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of different voltage unbalance definitions on voltage control in unbalanced distribution systems. Traditional voltage regulation methods for unbalanced systems rely on a single voltage unbalance definition with inconsistent adoptions. In such a situation, voltage control performance can vary between definitions, and improper choice leads to control failures. In this study, we perform numerical analysis and simulations to investigate the impact of different definitions. In the numerical analysis, two definitions quantifying negative and zero sequence components are used as reference definitions, and the theoretical error range of the remaining definitions is identified. The results are further verified by the simulations on the IEEE 123 node test system with phase‐by‐phase controlled three‐phase step voltage regulators and smart photovoltaic inverters. The control of the devices is optimized to minimize or limit a specific definition. The results show that the values of each definition at the same voltage condition can differ significantly, and inappropriate definitions may lead to significant uncertainty in the voltage control. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Granzyme B+ B cells detected by single-cell sequencing are associated with prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma following liver transplantation
Authors: Zhu Ji-Qiao , Zhu Ying , Qi Man , Zeng Ye , Liu Zhen-Jia , Ding Cheng , Zhang Tao , Li Xian-Liang , Han Dong-Dong , He Qiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractB cells possess anti-tumor functions mediated by granzyme B, in addition to their role in antigen presentation and antibody production. However, the variations in granzyme B+ B cells between tumor and non-tumor tissues have been largely unexplored. Therefore, we integrated 25 samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and analyzed the tumor immune microenvironment. The findings uncovered significant inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. Notably, single-cell data showed higher proportions of granzyme B+ B cells in tumor samples compared to control samples, and these levels were positively associated with disease-free survival. The elevated levels of granzyme B+ B cells in tumor samples resulted from tumor cell chemotaxis through the MIF- (CD74 + CXCR4) signaling pathway. Furthermore, the anti-tumor function of granzyme B+ B cells in tumor samples was adversely affected, potentially providing an explanation for tumor progression. These findings regarding granzyme B+ B cells were further validated in an independent clinic cohort of 40 liver transplant recipients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Our study unveils an interaction between granzyme B+ B cells and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, opening up potential avenues for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against this disease.
Intestinal microbiota regulates the gut-thyroid axis: the new dawn of improving Hashimoto thyroiditis
Authors: Zhu Xiaxin , Zhang Chi , Feng Shuyan , He Ruonan , Zhang Shuo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntestinal microbiota plays an indispensable role in the host's innate immune system, which may be related to the occurrence of many autoimmune diseases. Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases, and there is plenty of evidence indicating that HT may be related to genetics and environmental triggers, but the specific mechanism has not been proven clearly. Significantly, the composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota in patients with HT have an obvious difference. This phenomenon led us to think about whether intestinal microbiota can affect the progress of HT through some mechanisms. By summarizing the potential mechanism of intestinal microflora in regulating Hashimoto thyroiditis, this article explores the possibility of improving HT by regulating intestinal microbiota and summarizes relevant biomarkers as therapeutic targets, which provide new ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Hashimoto thyroiditis.
Addressing hunger among households with children utilizing food assistance resources: an analysis of food pantry users
Authors: Hicks Jacqueline , Nelson Eva , Rhoads Elizabeth , Codner Alyson , Keung Lok Hang Kristina , Mascary Jemima , Greece Jacey A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Aim
Households with children have higher rates of food insecurity compared to households without children. Financial instabilities, including job loss, decreased income, and family structure changes are food insecurity risk factors. During the COVID-19 pandemic, programs were implemented to alleviate the impacts on food insecurity, but those expanded benefits were decreased in March 2023, leaving many families with economic burden.

Subject and methods
This study used a cross-sectional survey administered to food pantry users across ten food pantries in Eastern Massachusetts from June to August 2018, with 279 users reporting at least one child in the household. The outcome, hunger, was assessed using a modified version of the Household Hunger Scale. Households were categorized (one child, two children, or three or more children). Mixed-effects logistic regression models assessed the relationship between hunger categories and number of children in the household.

Results
This study found that having more children in the household increases the severity of hunger. Households with at least three children had 1.46 times the odds (95% CI: 1.08, 1.97) of moderate hunger and 1.85 times the odds (95% CI: 1.11, 3.07) of severe hunger compared to one-child households. Severe hunger was associated with monthly household income, with higher incomes having a protective effect for severe hunger.

Conclusion
Programs and policies addressing food insecurity are critical for supporting households with children already accessing supports, so removal of benefits may impact food insecurity. A multi-pronged approach including government-funded benefits and food pantry services is most effective in alleviating food insecurity.

Significance
Previous studies show that food insecurity increases with more children in the household compared to households without children, but focus less on populations already utilizing food assistance programs such as food pantries. This study examines hunger in households with children who are already at risk for food insecurity and receive food pantry services. Studying this population is essential given the recent decision by the US government to remove expanded COVID-19 benefits addressing food insecurity. Households with children experiencing food insecurity now depend upon those benefits and will be affected by their removal. These study findings can inform future resource allocation.
A novel generalized similarity measure under intuitionistic fuzzy environment and its applications to criminal investigation
Authors: Dutta Palash , Banik Abhilash Kangsha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn our contemporary world, where crime prevails, the expeditious conduct of criminal investigations stands as an essential pillar of law and order. However, these inquiries often grapple with intricate complexities, particularly uncertainties stemming from the scarcity of reliable evidence, which can significantly hinder progress. To surmount these challenges, the invaluable tools of crime linkage and psychological profiling of offenders have come to the forefront. The advent of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets (IFS) has proven pivotal in navigating these uncertain terrains of decision-making, and at the heart of this lies the concept of similarity measure-an indispensable tool for unraveling intricate problems of choice. While a multitude of similarity measures exists for gauging the likeness between IFSs, our study introduces a novel generalized similarity measure firmly rooted in the IFS framework, poised to surpass existing methods with enhanced accuracy and applicability. We then extend the horizon of practicality by employing this pioneering similarity measure in the domain of clustering for crime prediction-a paramount application within the realm of law enforcement. Furthermore, we venture into the domain of psychological profiling, a potent avenue that has the potential to significantly fortify the arsenal of crime investigations. Through the application of our proposed similarity measure, we usher in a new era of efficacy and insight in the pursuit of justice. In sum, this study not only unveils a groundbreaking similarity measure within the context of an Intuitionistic fuzzy environment but also showcases its compelling applications in the arena of criminal investigation, marking a significant stride toward swifter and more informed decisions in the realm of law and order.
Text-Vision Relationship Alignment for Referring Image Segmentation
Authors: Pu Mingxing , Luo Bing , Zhang Chao , Xu Li , Xu Fayou , Kong Mingming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReferring image segmentation aims to segment object in an image based on a referring expression. Its difficulty lies in aligning expression semantics with visual instances. The existing methods based on semantic reasoning are limited by the performance of external syntax parser and do not explicitly explore the relationships between visual instances. This article proposes an end-to-end method for referring image segmentation by aligning ’linguistic relationship’ with ’visual relationships’. This method does not rely on external syntax parser for expression parsing. In this paper, the expression is adaptively and structurally parsed into three components: ’subject’, ’object’, and ’linguistic relationship’ by the Semantic Component Parser (SCP) in a learnable manner. Instances Activation Map Module (IAM) locates multiple visual instances based on the subject and object. In addition, the Relationship Based Visual Localization Module (RBVL) firstly enables each instance of the image to learn global knowledge, then decodes the visual relationships between these visual instances, and finally aligns the visual relationships with the linguistic relationships to further accurately locate the target object. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves performance by 4– 9% compared with baseline method on multiple referring image segmentation datasets.
Seasonal impact of acid mine drainage on water quality and potential ecological risk in an old sulfide exploitation
Authors: Gomes Patrícia , Valente Teresa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSulfides are usually associated with deposits of metals and coal. The reactive wastes from their exploitation, typically stored in piles and tailings dams, are often the mining sector’s primary source of environmental problems. The surrounding river waters can present signs of acid mine drainage, responsible for aquatic ecosystem degradation. So, the main target of the present study is to investigate the impact of this process on the water’s environmental quality and potential ecological risk. The study area is located at the Iberian Pyrite Belt, in an old sulfide exploitation, closed without environmental rehabilitation measures. The results exhibit high sulfate concentrations (410,601 mg/L) and potentially toxic elements, with prominence of Fe (134,000 mg/L), overcoming many other extreme cases of AMD pollution. The Ficklin diagram exposes that most samples are classified as “high-acid, high-metal.” Two of them have extreme classifications (high-acid, extreme-metal). The pH value is well below the acceptable range for the environmental quality of superficial waters (5–7), measuring at a minimum of 0.84. Regarding seasonal variability, the study showed a higher degree of contamination in dry conditions (e.g., 4,420 mg/L of Cu), while the rainy month had lower concentrations of PTE (186.8 mg/L of Cu for the same sampling point). In addition, the water does not accomplish the environmental objectives established by the EU Water Framework Directive. According to the new approach developed based on a scale adjustment, the potential ecological risk index studied indicates that most sampled sites present strong, very strong, and even extremely potential ecological risk. With a typical Mediterranean climate, the region suffers from water scarcity, predicting increasingly in the future more degrading scenarios for water environmental quality. Consequently, urgent mitigation and remediation measures are necessary to improve and preserve water quality and fulfill the objectives of the United Nations Sustainability Development Goals.
Recent Advances in Management of Neuropathic, Nociceptive, and Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review with Focus on Nanomedicine, Gene Therapy, Stem Cell Therapy, and Newer Therapeutic Options
Authors: Kataria Saurabh , Patel Utsav , Yabut Kevin , Patel Jayshil , Patel Rajkumar , Patel Savan , Wijaya Jeremiah Hilkiah , Maniyar Pankti , Karki Yukti , Makrani Moinulhaq P. , Viswanath Omar , Kaye Alan D. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This manuscript summarizes novel clinical and interventional approaches in the management of chronic, nociceptive, and neuropathic pain.

Recent Findings
Pain can be defined as a feeling of physical or emotional distress caused by an external stimulus. Pain can be grouped into distinct types according to characteristics including neuropathic pain, which is a pain caused by disease or lesion in the sensory nervous system; nociceptive pain, which is pain that can be sharp, aching, or throbbing and is caused by injury to bodily tissues; and chronic pain, which is long lasting or persisting beyond 6 months. With improved understanding of different signaling systems for pain in recent years, there has been an upscale of methods of analgesia to counteract these pathological processes. Novel treatment methods such as use of cannabinoids, stem cells, gene therapy, nanoparticles, monoclonal antibodies, and platelet-rich plasma have played a significant role in improved strategies for therapeutic interventions.

Summary
Although many management options appear to be promising, extensive additional clinical research is warranted to determine best practice strategies in the future for clinicians.