bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Diffusion‐Weighted MRI for Cancer Microstructure Assessment in Body Imaging, and Its Relationship With Histology
Authors: Fokkinga Ella , Hernandez‐Tamames Juan A. , Ianus Andrada , Nilsson Markus , Tax Chantal M. W. , Perez‐Lopez Raquel , Grussu Francesco 
Published: November 2023

Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW‐MRI) aims to disentangle multiple biological signal sources in each imaging voxel, enabling the computation of innovative maps of tissue microstructure. DW‐MRI model development has been dominated by brain applications. More recently, advanced methods with high fidelity to histology are gaining momentum in other contexts, for example, in oncological applications of body imaging, where new biomarkers are urgently needed. The objective of this article is to review the state‐of‐the‐art of DW‐MRI in body imaging (ie, not including the nervous system) in oncology, and to analyze its value as compared to reference colocalized histology measurements, given that demonstrating the histological validity of any new DW‐MRI method is essential. In this article, we review the current landscape of DW‐MRI techniques that extend standard apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), describing their acquisition protocols, signal models, fitting settings, microstructural parameters, and relationship with histology. Preclinical, clinical, and in/ex vivo studies were included. The most used techniques were intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM; 36.3% of used techniques), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI; 16.7%), vascular, extracellular, and restricted diffusion for cytometry in tumors (VERDICT; 13.3%), and imaging microstructural parameters using limited spectrally edited diffusion (IMPULSED; 11.7%). Another notable category of techniques relates to innovative b‐tensor diffusion encoding or joint diffusion‐relaxometry. The reviewed approaches provide histologically meaningful indices of cancer microstructure (eg, vascularization/cellularity) which, while not necessarily accurate numerically, may still provide useful sensitivity to microscopic pathological processes. Future work of the community should focus on improving the inter‐/intra‐scanner robustness, and on assessing histological validity in broader contexts.Level of EvidenceNATechnical EfficacyStage 2
Glioma Tumor Grading Using Radiomics on Conventional MRI: A Comparative Study of WHO 2021 and WHO 2016 Classification of Central Nervous Tumors
Authors: Moodi Farzan , Khodadadi Shoushtari Fereshteh , Ghadimi Delaram J. , Valizadeh Gelareh , Khormali Ehsan , Salari Hanieh Mobarak , Ohadi Mohammad Amin Dabbagh , Nilipour Yalda , Jahanbakhshi Amin , Rad Hamidreza Saligheh 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundGlioma grading transformed in World Health Organization (WHO) 2021 CNS tumor classification, integrating molecular markers. However, the impact of this change on radiomics‐based machine learning (ML) classifiers remains unexplored.PurposeTo assess the performance of ML in classifying glioma tumor grades based on various WHO criteria.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsA neuropathologist regraded gliomas of 237 patients into WHO 2016 and 2021 from 2007 criteria.Field Strength/SequenceMulticentric 0.5 to 3 Tesla; pre‐ and post‐contrast T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery.AssessmentRadiomic features were selected using random forest‐recursive feature elimination. The synthetic minority over‐sampling technique (SMOTE) was implemented for data augmentation. Stratified 10‐fold cross‐validation with and without SMOTE was used to evaluate 11 classifiers for 3‐grade (2, 3, and 4; WHO 2016 and 2021) and 2‐grade (low and high grade; WHO 2007 and 2021) classification. Additionally, we developed the models on data randomly divided into training and test sets (mixed‐data analysis), or data divided based on the centers (independent‐data analysis).Statistical TestsWe assessed ML classifiers using sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Top performances were compared with a t‐test and categorical data with the chi‐square test using a significance level of P < 0.05.ResultsIn the mixed‐data analysis, Stacking Classifier without SMOTE achieved the highest accuracy (0.86) and AUC (0.92) in 3‐grade WHO 2021 grouping. The results of WHO 2021 were significantly better than WHO 2016 (P‐value<0.0001). In the 2‐grade analysis, ML achieved 1.00 in all metrics. In the independent‐data analysis, ML classifiers showed strong discrimination between grade 2 and 4, despite lower performance metrics than the mixed analysis.Data ConclusionML algorithms performed better in glioma tumor grading based on WHO 2021 criteria. Nonetheless, the clinical use of ML classifiers needs further investigation.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Impact of oxidation on rheology and tribology of sustainable lubricants for electromechanical drive systems
Authors: Güney D. C. , Joukov V. , Albrecht J. , Weber K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rheological and tribological properties of environmentally compatible lubricants of different bases (native oil, synthetic ester, polyalkylene glycol‐containing oil) compared to a conventional, mineral oil‐based lubricant are investigated in order to develop toxicologically harmless and technically suitable lubricants for electromechanical drives. The aging of the oil is also considered. The results of this study reveal that the properties of polyalkylene glycol‐containing and synthetic ester‐based lubricants have the potential to act as substitutes for lubricants containing mineral oil. By examining and improving the properties of sustainable lubricants, gear oils that are partially or totally non‐mineral oil based will be highly attractive in the future.
Trendbericht Chemiedidaktik 2023
Authors: Rosenberg Dominique , Rautenstrauch Hanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExperimente und Unterrichtskonzepte zu den Themen Nachhaltigkeit, Lebensmittelchemie und Elektrochemie kommen in der experimentell‐konzeptionellen chemiedidaktischen Forschung am häufigsten vor, Katalyse dagegen wenig. Lehr‐Lern‐Forschung befasste sich im letzten Jahr verstärkt damit, wie Lehrkräfte digitale Medien in den Unterricht einbinden. Sehr heterogen waren die Untersuchungen, wie Inklusion und Differenzierung im naturwissenschaftlichen Unterricht gelingen.
Pioniere der Düfte und Aromen
Authors: Wienhaus Otto , Beyer Lothar , Hammer Janine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEtherische Öle aus Pflanzen zu gewinnen, war im 19. Jahrhundert für Drogisten und Apotheker zunächst eine Nebenbeschäftigung. Doch daraus entwickelten sie die Grundlagen für die moderne Duft‐ und Aromenindustrie. Einer der ersten Aromenhersteller ist die Firma Schimmel & Co., gegründet vor 200 Jahren. Ihre Nachfolger – Bell Flavors & Fragrances in Miltitz bei Leipzig und Miltitz Aromatics in Bitterfeld‐Wolfen – feiern nun ihr 30‐jähriges Bestehen.
Ethik der Chemie: Wissen, wie zu handeln ist
Authors: Merz Klaus 
Published: November 2023

AbstractForschende in den Naturwissenschaften sollten Kriterien für die Motive ihres Forschens und die Folgen kennen. Ethische Aspekte zeigen sich an Beispielen wie Atombomben, Gentechnik und seltenen Erden.
A hybrid Lagrangian–Eulerian particle finite element method for free‐surface and fluid–structure interaction problems
Authors: Fu Cheng , Cremonesi Massimiliano , Perego Umberto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe dynamics of fluid flows with free surfaces and interacting with highly deformable structures is a complex problem, attracting considerable attention. The Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) is one of the various numerical methods recently proposed in the literature to simulate this type of problems. It is a mesh‐based Lagrangian approach, particularly suited for problems with fast changes in the domain topology, since the fluid boundaries and the Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) interface are naturally tracked by the position of the mesh nodes. However, when nonhomogeneous boundary conditions are imposed on velocities or when there are regions where the topology varies moderately, for example, in confined portions of the fluid domain characterized by fixed boundaries, an Eulerian formulation turns out to be more convenient. To exploit the advantages of both formulations, an adaptive hybrid Lagrangian–Eulerian approach is presented in this work. According to the proposed method, nodes on the fluid free‐surface and on the FSI interface are treated as Lagrangian, while the remaining nodes can be either Eulerian or Lagrangian. Furthermore, to increase the efficiency of the method, an algorithm to automatically detect runtime the transition zone between the two kinematic descriptions is devised. To validate the proposed approach, several numerical examples are developed and their results are compared to those available in the literature.
Psychometric properties of the persian version of the nursing clinical reasoning scale
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Touba , Mirfarhadi Nastaran , Pouralizadeh Moluk , Tabrizi Kian Norouzi , Fallahi‐Khoshknab Masoud , Khankeh Hamid reza , Shokooh Forozan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to translate the Nursing Clinical Reasoning Scale (NCRS) into Persian and evaluate its psychometric properties.DesignThis study was a methodological and cross‐sectional study.MethodsThis methodological study was conducted in 2020 in a teaching hospital. After obtaining necessary permission from its developers, NCRS was translated into Persian through the method proposed by the World Health Organization. Then, its face, content, and construct validity and reliability were assessed. For construct validity assessment through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, 300 nurses (two 150‐nurse samples), who had randomly been selected, completed the instrument. Reliability also assessed through the internal consistency and the stability methods. Data were analysed using the SPSS (v. 20.0) and the AMOS (v. 5.0) software.ResultsThe content validity indices of NCRS and its items were 0.97 and more than 0.79, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis revealed an assessment and confirmation factor and an implementation and reflection factor for the scale which together explained 57.30% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed this two‐factor structure (χ2/df = 2.11, NNFI = 0.952, RMSEA = 0.053, CFI = 0.91, GFI = 0.94, IFI = 0.95, and NFI = 0.96). The Cronbach's alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient values of the scale were 0.96 and 0.94, respectively.Public ContributionThe Persian NCRS can help nursing policy makers and mentors identify the need for developing nurses' and nursing students' CR skills and implement need‐based educational courses to improve these skills. Moreover, it helps determine whether the educational programmes are effective in improving nurses' CR skills and clinical competence.
Heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in children: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Weiying , Wei Biqiong , Chai Mengqi , Chen Dan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo conduct a meta‐analysis to evaluate the role of heparin versus normal saline lock in the care of peripheral intravenous catheters.DesignA meta‐analysis.MethodsThis meta‐analysis searched nine databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on heparin versus normal saline for the care of peripheral intravenous catheters in children up to April 5, 2023. The quality of included RCTs was evaluated using the risk of bias tool of Cochrane library. RevMan5.3 software was used for data analysis.ResultsTen RCTs with a total of 1255 children were involved. Meta‐analysis indicated that heparin lock reduced the incidence of blockage of peripheral intravenous catheter [OR = 2.01, 95% CI (1.42,2.84), p < 0.001], prolonged the duration of peripheral intravenous catheter indwelling[MD = ‐0.43, 95% CI (−0.75, −0.11), p = 0.008]. There were no statistical differences in the incidence of phlebitis [OR = 1.02, 95% CI (0.59, 1.74), p = 0.95 W].Public contributionHeparin may have more benefits in the nursing care of peripheral intravenous catheters compared with normal saline.
Microwave‐assisted hydrothermal green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles incorporated with hyaluronic acid methacrylate/gelatin methacrylate hydrogels for wound healing applications
Authors: Nejati Omid , Tışlı Büşra , Yaşayan Gökçen , Zaman Buse Tuğba , Torkay Gülşah , Dönmez Mustafa , Kayın İnci , Bakırdere Sezgin , Bal‐Öztürk Ayça 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWound healing is a topic of significant interest in current times, owing to the escalating incidence of chronic diseases associated with impaired healing, as well as the growing number of elderly individuals within the population. Amongst the various approaches for fabrication of wound healing dressings, the utilization of selenium‐based nanoparticles has garnered considerable attention due to selenium's numerous advantages, including antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. With this perspective, we focused on the fabrication and characterization of hydrogels incorporated with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). In this work, we have developed a microwave‐assisted hydrothermal synthesis strategy for synthesis of the SeNPs that employ non‐toxic precursors, thereby reducing the risk of environmental toxicity and providing a cost‐effective alternative to conventional chemical and hydrothermal methods. Subsequently, we have successfully incorporated SeNPs into hyaluronic acid methacrylate/gelatin methacrylate‐based hydrogels. Hyaluronic acid and gelatin are selected to support the healing process further, and these polymers are methacrylated in order to further control mechanical properties of the hydrogel and improve the stability of the dressing. The nanoparticles and the nanoparticle‐incorporated hydrogels were characterized by various techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering instruments. Mechanical behaviors, swelling and degradation properties of the dressings were evaluated. Afterwards, we have conducted cell culture studies with SeNPs‐loaded hydrogels to determine the efficacy of SeNPs in wound healing. According to experimental findings, in vitro scratch assay suggests that a hydrogel dressing containing SeNPs (HG‐SeNp2) support the cell migration more compared to other samples incorporated with nanoparticles and to the control study at 24 h, and the wound closure percentage was found to be statistically significant compared with the control study. This dressing hold promise as effective wound dressings that can facilitate and expedite the process of wound healing.
A toughening indole‐based epoxy film with efficient anti‐counterfeiting properties driven by cation–π interaction
Authors: Tang Qiaolin , Yuan Lu , Kang Ming , Huang Ying , Yang Li , Yin Qiang , Chang Guanjun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA strong and tough indole‐based epoxy film driven by cation–π interaction is designed, evading the trade‐off between stiffness and extensibility in epoxy resins. The film with high strength, toughness and effective anti‐counterfeiting properties induced by cation–π interaction is promising in the development of the fields of aerospace and electronic devices. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Lichen Planus: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mathur Mahesh , Thakur Neha , Jaiswal Sunil , Das Gautam , Shah Swati , Maharjan Srijana , Paudel Supriya , Shrestha Anjali , Upadhyay Hari Prasad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Lichen Planus (LP) is a chronic dermatosis affecting the skin and mucous membranes. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with LP is a trigger predisposing to Metabolic Syndrome.

Objectives
To study the association of Metabolic Syndrome in patients with LP.

Materials and Methods
A hospital-based prospective case-control study was conducted from April 2021 to January 2023 including 75 histopathologically confirmed patients with LP and 82 age and sex-matched controls according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Metabolic Syndrome was diagnosed using Modified National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, version 26. The chi-square test was used for data analysis.

Results
The majority (30.6%) of the patients belonged to the age group 31–40 years. The mean age of patients with LP was 46.13 ± 14.9 years. Female predominance (69.3%) was observed in our study. Patients with classic LP (54.6%) were predominantly observed. Metabolic Syndrome was significantly prevalent in LP patients than in controls (32% vs. 13.4%, p = 0.005, OR 3.037) and was significantly associated with morphology (only oral mucosal involvement, 61.5%, p 0.027, OR 3.9), severity (severe LP, 58.6%, p &lt; 0.001, OR 7.79), and duration of the disease (≥6 months, 55.5%, p 0.001, OR 5.42). 71% of Metabolic Syndrome was observed in females (p 0.847). Among patients with metabolic syndrome, the majority belonged to the age group between 31 and 40 years (37.5%, p 0.378). Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure values (≥130/85 mm of Hg), Serum Triglycerides (≥150 mg/dl), and Low-Density Lipoprotein (&gt;130 mg/dl) were significantly elevated, and High-Density Lipoprotein (&lt;40 mg/dl) was significantly low in LP than in controls (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
The study showed a significant association of Metabolic Syndrome in patients with LP. Thus, patients with LP need to be screened to avoid complications associated with Metabolic Syndrome that is, Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Disease, colorectal cancer, and stroke.
A Cucurbit[8]uril‐Based Supramolecular Framework Material for Reversible Iodine Capture in the Vapor Phase and Solution
Authors: Lu Yun , Yu Zhichao , Zhang Tingting , Pan Dingwu , Dai Jingjing , Li Qing , Tao Zhu , Xiao Xin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe safe and efficient management of hazardous radioactive iodine is significant for nuclear waste reprocessing and environmental industries. A novel supramolecular framework compound based on cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) and 4‐aminopyridine (4‐AP) is reported in this paper. In the single crystal structure of Q[8]‐(4‐AP), two 4‐AP molecules interact with the outer surface of Q[8] and the two other 4‐AP molecules are encapsulated into the Q[8] cavity to form the self‐assembly Q[8]‐(4‐AP). Iodine adsorption experiments show that the as‐prepared Q[8]‐(4‐AP) not only has a high adsorption capacity (1.74 g· g−1) for iodine vapor but also can remove the iodine in the organic solvent and the aqueous solution with the removal efficiencies of 95% and 91%, respectively. The presence of a large number of hydrogen bonds between the iodine molecule and the absorbent, as seen in the single crystal structure of iodine‐loaded Q[8]‐(4‐AP) (I2@Q[8]‐(4‐AP)), is thought to be responsible for the exceptional iodine adsorption capacity of the material. In addition, the adsorption‐desorption tests reveal that the self‐assembly material has no significant loss of iodine capture capacity after five cycles, indicating that it has sufficient reusability.
A Polarization‐Sensitive Photodetector with Patterned CH3NH3PbCl3 Film
Authors: Sun Jie , Ding Liming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPerovskite photodetectors with polarization‐sensitive properties have gained significant attention due to their potential applications in fields such as imaging and remote sensing. Most perovskite photodetectors concentrate on iodine (I) or bromine (Br)‐based materials, primarily due to their straightforward fabrication techniques. The utilization of chloride (Cl)‐based perovskites with wider bandgaps, such as CH3NH3PbCl3, is relatively limited. In this work, polarized perovskite photodetectors are prepared by a patterned spatially confined method with polarization sensitivity and excellent optoelectronic properties. The patterned perovskite photodetectors (PP‐PDs) not only exhibit outstanding photoelectric conversion performance but also demonstrate polarization sensitivity. PP‐PDs showcase remarkable performance, including on/off ratios of 3.4 × 104, an extremely low dark current of 1.56 × 10−11 A, and a rapid response time of microseconds. The responsivity and detectivity of PP‐PDs reach 10.6 A W−1 and 3 × 1012 Jones, respectively, positioning them as among the highest‐performing MAPbCl3‐based photodetectors reported to date. Furthermore, polarization layered imaging sensing is achieved using stepwise scanning of the device. This work provides innovative ideas for realizing high‐performance polarized perovskite photodetectors.
Preparation and characterization of UiO‐66‐NH2 adsorbed triethyl phosphate: Flame retardancy and smoke suppression for epoxy resins
Authors: Cui Yumeng , Zhang Bo , Zhang Jing , Zhou Mengwei , Jiao Yunhong , Qu Hongqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe zirconium‐based metal–organic framework material (UiO‐66‐NH2) was synthesized by solvothermal method, and its excellent adsorption performance was used to combine it with the phosphorus‐based flame retardant triethyl phosphate (TEP) and to improve the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of epoxy resin (EP). The morphology, chemical composition, and structure of the synthesized flame retardant were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersion spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and x‐ray diffractometer. The cone calorimeter measurement of EP composite materials shows that EP composite materials have good flame retardant and smoke suppression properties. Compared with EP, after the UiO‐66‐NH2 flame retardant which adsorbs TEP is added, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, peak smoke release rate, total smoke production, carbon monoxide release rate, and carbon dioxide release rate of EP composites have been reduced. From the results of thermal analysis and scanning electron microscope, it can be seen that the synthesized flame retardant can act both in the condensed phase and in the gas phase. Thereby, the combustion of the matrix and the diffusion of the toxic gas, smoke and heat generated during the combustion are inhibited, and the flame retardant and smoke suppression effects are achieved.Highlights
Make full use of the excellent adsorption performance of MOF.
TEP was fully adsorbed in UiO‐66‐NH2 pores.
UiO‐66‐NH2 in synergy with TEP improves EP flame retardancy.
Introduction
Authors: Uchida Yukiko , Rappleye Jeremy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhat is happiness? What makes people authentically happy? Is it an ecstatic feeling of bliss? Or a calm sense of harmony? Is it fleeting or enduring? Cyclical or progressive? Or is it perhaps less of a moment-to-moment feeling, and more of a cognitive evaluation: reflective retrospection on a job well-done, or even an entire life well-lived? Does happiness derive from a sense of safety and stability? Good health? Being surrounded by a loving family and deep friendships? Or does it arise from looking forward with a sense of hope for the future? Are any one of these factors in isolation sufficient? Or does happiness arise from particular combinations of these diverse elements? And, more broadly, is it the individual that strives to obtain a happy life, or is it an entire society that makes individual happiness possible? While happiness is a common pursuit for the myriad collectives—past and present—that constitute our shared humanity, and among the most enduring research themes across the humanities and social sciences, uncertainties around what it means to ‘be happy’ abound.