bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment by bioeconomic modeling water price scenarios of the resilience of agricultural production systems in a semi-arid region: Case of Baalbeck El Hermel – Lebanon
Authors: Al fakih Ahmad , Darwich Salem , Madau Fabio 
Published: January 2024

Baalbeck El Hermel Governorate, particularly the semi-arid region is increasingly threatened by climate change. These disturbances, more specifically, concerning the limit in water resources generate problems for the agricultural systems constituting the principle source of families’ subsistence in this zone. This study was established to evaluate, via a bioeconomic modeling approach, the resilience of agricultural systems in Baalbeck El Hermel and perceive their adaptation techniques under conditions of water scarcity. In this context, we have selected three typical farms representative of the driest northern zone receiving the least precipitation.
Several behaviors and levels of resilience of these farms were showed after analysis of the results: 1) farms specializing in market gardening or perennial crops are very sensitive to drought conditions and are not resilient in the face of water limit conditions; 2) the diversified farm with olive tree dominance is less sensitive and more resilient. The analysis of the water pricing scenario showed an improvement in water management but a limit in the adaptive capacity of farmers, hence the necessity to adapt resilience-building strategies for the targeted zone.
A comparative evaluation between Santulli-Type Ileostomy and Alternative Ileostomy Techniques in neonates
Authors: Polit Guerrero Verónica , Acosta Farina Daniel , Salinas Salinas Vicente , Mei Chun Lin , Andrade Montesdeoca Jimmy , Argotti Zumbana Rodrigo 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Neonates often encounter various gastrointestinal malformations, necessitating surgical interventions. However, specific guidelines for choosing the ileostomy technique in these cases are lacking. The Santulli-type ileostomy has gained recognition for its benefits, including reduced complications and early restoration of intestinal transit. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of the Santulli-type ileostomy with alternative ileostomy techniques. Materials and methods: This is a case-control study. Statistical tests, such as chi-square (chi2), relative risk, and confidence interval, were used for comparisons, with p-values indicating the significance of observed differences. Complications during ileostomy permanence, restoration surgery, and nutritional status were analyzed. Results: A total of 58 patients who had undergone ileostomies were included in the analysis (Santulli group: 27, Control group: 31). Santulli ileostomies demonstrated significantly lower prolapse rates (p = 0.03) and fewer readmissions due to dehydration (p = 0.008). Santulli ileostomies showed a trend towards more frequent restoration surgeries (p = 0.2) with shorter ileostomy duration. Caliber differences, stoma closure materials, and complications after restoration surgery favored Santulli ileostomies. Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the benefits of Santulli-type ileostomies in neonates, highlighting their efficacy in reducing complications, enabling early restoration surgery, and facilitating a quicker recovery.
The nature of Saemaul Undong as a rural development strategy: Topic modelling and text mining analysis
Authors: Choi Young-Chool , Kee Younghwa 
Published: January 2024

Objective. This study aims to identify the core characteristics of Saemaul Undong, which was applied as a strategy for rural development in Korea, to analyse the role of government in the implementation process of this policy, and to put forward some implications for the developing countries to be able to apply its principles and the government’s roles for their own rural development.
Design/Methodology/Approach. The methods applied to the analysis are text mining analysis and topic modelling analysis, which are widely used in the field of social sciences nowadays. The data employed in this study are the guidelines regarding implementing the Saemaul Undong policy, which was drawn up by former president Park Chung Hee.
Results/Discussion. As a result of the analysis, it may be said that the core characteristics of Saemaul Undong policy include: emphasis on the role of Saemaul Undong leaders, financial support from the Government, cooperation of villagers, support from public officials, a spirit of self-help, and movement to promote rural development.
Conclusions. In conclusion, it is expected that the principles and implementation methods of the Saemaul Undong policy implemented in Korea in the 1970s can be applied to developing countries suffering from poverty in the future if they are appropriately modified to suit the conditions of developing countries.
Originality. So far, the important principles of Saemaul Undong's policy have not been studied through topic modeling, so fundamental principles have not been derived. This study has great significance because it systematically derived core principles through the topic modeling method.
The Evaluation of Endotracheal Intubation Effect on Blood Flow Stability Parameters in Baghdad and Gazzi AL-Harriri Hospitals
Authors: Mhaibes Azhar A. 
Published: January 2024

Endotracheal intubation and laryngoscopy have become necessary to provide sufficient airway management, deliver anesthesia and avoid aspiration in anesthetized individuals. Laryngoscopy and intubation have been shown to induce a broad spectrum of stress responses e.g. hypertension and tachycardia. The current study aimed to assess the impact of endotracheal intubation on the pulse rate (P.R) and blood pressure (B.P) during different time intervals of general anesthesia. This study was performed in Baghdad teaching and Gazzi AL-Harriri hospitals during 2019-2020. A total of fifty (50) patients were included in the study; twenty-five (25) were females and twenty-five (25) males with American society of anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status (I & II). The ages of patients ranged between (16-60) years. All patients were administrated (I.V.) Dexamethasone (0.11 mg/kg), Metoclopramide (0.14mg/kg), Ranitidine (0.71mg/kg) & Ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) as premedication. At the induction of anesthesia, patients were administrated (2-3 mg/kg) Propofol as a hypnotic drug and succinylcholine 1 mg/kg as a muscle relaxant. The results revealed a significant increase (p≤0.05) in systolic/ diastolic blood pressure (B.p) at- intubation (135.58 ± 10.29 / 91.74 ± 10.91) and also at 1 minute (132.34 ± 10.08 / 88.58 ± 13.06 ). There was also a significant increase (p≤0.05) in pulse rate (P.R) at-intubation (103.00 ± 18.59).
Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients in a Single Center in Baghdad
Authors: Al Hafidh Ali Hussein 
Published: January 2024

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with axial involvement but also may present as a peripheral arthritis and extraarticular manifestations.
Objective: To assess clinical aspects of ankylosing spondylitis patients and different associated demographic variables in Baghdad teaching hospital.
Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Baghdad teaching hospital which includes 402 patients (≥ 18 years old) with a clinical diagnosis of AS according to Assessment of Spondylo Arthritis International Society for AS were involved in this study from June/2019 to June/2021. Demographic data and disease characteristics, presence of extra-articular manifestations (past and present) and measurement of disease activity was done by BASDAI, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h) and C-reactive protein (mg/L). In addition, HLAB27 typing was reported. Results: The age of onset for males was 24.87±8.8 and for females25.97±8.6 years, HLA typing HLA-B27 were 49.55% and 35.38% in males and females respectively and the association was found to be statistically significant (P. value =0.031). While family history was reported at 25.82% and 34.33% in males and females correspondingly. 75.07% of males compared to 71.38% of females were treated with Anti TNF therapy. Females had later onset of disease than males with lower percentage of HLA B27 positivity. Recommendation: more comprehensive assessment with advanced diagnostic and treatment standards.
The Influencing Effect of Silver Nitrate Fillers on the hardness of Flexible Resin
Authors: Hasson Huda Abed , Alwan Lateef Essa 
Published: January 2024

The development of polymer chemically produces alternative materials to polymethyl methacrylate, such as nylon, and epoxy resin, these resins are modified by thermoplastic process, and This Received The disadvantage of acrylic resin is the colonization of microorganism growth of fungi and candida adhesion. This study is designed to evaluate and compared the consequence of silver nitrate fillers reinforcement Accepted flexible acrylic hardness as one of the mechanical properties to find the effect of various concentrations. A (0.1and 0. 2) ml of the filler (silver nitrate) additive to the flexible acrylic.
Forty five (45) specimens were prepared for testing in this study. The hardness test was used in this study. The sample of this test was divided into (3) groups (control group) and experimental groups as follows:
Group A= (15) specimens without silver nitrate
(Control group 0% silver nitrate).
Group B= (15) specimens with (0.1 ml) silver nitrate.
Group C= (15) specimens with (0.2 ml) silver nitrate.
All control and test groups were processed; curred then finished and polished the specimens ready for testing. Shore A test against the concentration of silver nitrate the result of this study showed a high significant increase in the mean value of hardness for control groups to the silver nitrate compared with experimental groups.
دور إدارة الموارد البشرية في تحقيق التميز المؤسسي: دراسة استطلاعية في وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية
Authors: Hawraa Muaeed Abbas  , Safaa Jawad Abdulhussien  
Published: January 2024

تهدف الدراسة الى إبراز تأثير إدارة الموارد البشرية في تحقيق التميز المؤسسي بعّده أحد عوامل نجاحها، وتفسير وتشخيص العلاقة بين متغيرات البحث وأبعادها، وتكمن مشكلة البحث (عدم توافر المتطلبات والامكانيات اللازمة لإدارة الموارد البشرية التي تساعدها في تحقيق التميز المؤسسي في وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية)، فضلاً عن مدى انعكاس هذه الممارسات (التوظيف الالكتروني، والاستقطاب الالكتروني، تدريب والتطوير الالكتروني، تقييم الاداء الالكتروني، التعويضات الالكترونية) في إحرازالتميز المؤسسي شرية بلغ عدد الاستمارات الموزعة (132) واستردت منها (117) صالحة للتحليل بنسبة استرداد (89%) وطبق البرنامج الإحصائي ( (SPSS V.24 لتحليل البيانات واستخدام الاساليب الإحصائية ( المتوسط، الانحراف المعياري، معامل الاختلاف، معامل الارتباط سبيرمان وتحليل الانحدار الخطي البسيط)، وتوصل البحث الى عدد من النتائج أهمها تحرص الوزارة على توفير بيئة عمل مناسبة تساعد الموظفين على انجاز اعمالهم بشكل متميز فضلا عن الرقابة المستمرة على مستوى أدائهم لتقديم خدمات أفضل بما يحقق لها التميز المؤسسي.
Socio-demographic and morbidity patterns of second wave of covid-19 pandemic in Puttur taluk: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shenoy M. Preetham , Rai Sathvik , Kumar Nanjesh 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Aim: In March 2020, India reported the first case of COVID-19 and by March 2021, first signs of second wave started across various Indian states which lasted until June. It was important to screen for active cases and their contacts to actively curb the spread of the infection. The aim was to study the demographic and morbidity patterns of the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Puttur taluk.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted using the data collected during Universal Screening for COVID-19 in Puttur during June–July 2021. Data collected on general condition, symptoms, red flag signs, blood-pressure, GRBS, SpO2, and swabbing for RT-PCR.

Results: Total screened were 2859; 1350(47.2%)-males, 1509(52.8%)-females. 59.4% aged <40 years, 79.8% were BPL. 91.9% had no comorbidities, 4.7% hypertensives, 1.4% Diabetics, 1.3% were Diabetic and Hypertensive. 4.1% had cough, fever, body ache, loss of smell or taste. 67.2% had contact history with COVID-19 patient(p<0.05), 1288(45.05%) did not follow any personal protective measures(p<0.05). Swabs taken in 1624(56.8%); subgroup-analysis showed no association between comorbidities and contracting COVID-19(p>0.05).

Conclusion: COVID-19 suspects had no association with comorbidity status but only with positive contact history and not following personal protective measures.
Investigating the immediate and short-term effects of a kinesiology tape application on work-related lower limb pain
Authors: M. Kamalakannan , J. Hariharan , J. Vignesh , Cherub V.P. Praison 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Aim: Lower limb discomfort at work is a prevalent problem that many employees in a variety of industries face. Kinesiology tape is a widely used modality for managing musculoskeletal pain and is commonly applied to the lower limb area. This study aims to investigate the short- and immediate-term benefits of using kinesiology tape for work-related lower limb pain.

Materials and Methods: A total of 50 employees with lower limb pain associated with their job were randomised into two groups: one for the application of kinesiology tape and the other for control. The kinesiology tape application group received a kinesiology tape application on the affected lower limb area, while the control group received a placebo tape application. At baseline, immediately following the application, and one week later, the immediate and short-term effects of the tape application were assessed using measures of range of motion (ROM), functional capacity assessments, and the use of a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain.

Results: The results of the study showed that the kinesiology tape application group had a significantly higher acute pain reduction (p < 0.05) than the control group. The kinesiology tape application group performed better than the control group at the one-week follow-up in terms of improvement in measures of functional capacity and range of motion (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, this randomized controlled trial provided evidence supporting the immediate and short-term effectiveness of a kinesiology tape application on work-related lower limb pain.
Delineating the antiproliferative activity of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on human breast cancer cells
Authors: Acharya Ranjitha , S. Shetty Shilpa , Monteiro Flama , S. Shetty Abhijith , Kumari N. Suchetha 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Aim: The proliferation of breast cancer cells indicates that the malignancy is progressing to lethal forms. The development and progression of neoplastic cells are typically thought to be reliant on high cell proliferation and low apoptosis rates. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) aid in prevention of breast carcinoma. The current study objective is to evaluate the dietary PUFAs antiproliferative effect on human breast cancer cells.

Material and Methods: The study utilized MDA MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines which are specific to breast cancer. Cells were supplemented with free PUFAs after attaining 70% confluency in a cell viability assay. The cytotoxic effects of dietary PUFAs on these cells were assessed using MTT. Cell proliferation was analyzed using cell scratch assay and colony formation assay.

Results: Dietary PUFAs reduced cell proliferation in a dose dependent way. Treatment with PUFA reduced cell growth, hindered colony formation and decreased migration in both the cell lines of breast carcinoma.

Conclusion: The current research findings suggest that dietary PUFAs have an antiproliferative impact on human breast cancer cell lines and require further detailed study to identify the specific molecular mechanisms through which they exert anti-proliferative effect on breast cancer cells.
The potential impact of vitamin D on the reduction of C-reactive protein levels in COVID-19 infected patients
Authors: Sallih Hallab Noor , Adeeb Mohammed Reem , Abd Al Majed Rasheed Inas , Abdullah Laftaah AL-Rubaii Bahaa 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Aim: Vitamin D is a vital component that boosts the immune system and decreases inflammation caused by illness. The topic of Covid-19 is now a subject of controversy and requires extensive investigation to develop effective measures to defend against different versions of the coronavirus. The present study examined the correlation between the positivity of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) tests and the clinical outcomes of vitamin D and CRP levels, which were measured three months before the PCR test, in patients.

Materials and Methods: During this retrospective cohort analysis, vitamin D levels were used as the basis for categorizing COVID-19 cases into four distinct categories. Between 0 and 10 ng/ml, 10 to 20 ng/ml, 20 to 30 ng/ml, and greater than 30 ng/ml were the parameters that were used to create groups I through IV, respectively. The levels of vitamin D and C-reactive protein were determined with the assistance of a clinically automated system.

Results: Our data indicate that higher levels of vitamin D are associated with a decrease in the severity of Covid-19. Additionally, we observed a negative relationship between vitamin D levels and white blood cells and C-reactive protein (CRP), whereas there was a positive correlation between vitamin D levels and lymphocyte percentage.

Conclusion: In accordance with the severity of the Covid-19 infection, the levels of vitamin D and CRP are altered, and these levels have the potential to act as a biomarker for determining the progression of the disease.
Role of the cytokine system in patients with acute and chronic calculous cholecystitis
Authors: Bekov Taalaibek , Atykanov Arystanbek , Tagaev Tugolbai 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Aim: Interleukin 1 (IL-1a and IL-1b), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which are mostly released by monocytes and macrophages, are three cytokines that are effective, have multiple uses, and act as proinflammatory proteins during immune response and inflammation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of cytokine system in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) and chronic calculous cholecystitis (CCC) when the disease got worse after medical and surgical treatment.

Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty-three patients with acute cholecystitis who were hospitalized in our department and were divided into two groups. 79 patients with ACC made up Group 1. 54 patients with CCC made up Group 2. Based on clinical symptoms and an ultrasound scan, the clinical diagnosis was confirmed.

Results: A comparison of cytokines revealed that in purulent cholecystitis, the value of IL-6 becomes considerably higher than in ACC, and TNF-alpha becomes significantly higher, whereas IL-1 and IL-4 do not reach significant levels. A comparison of the concentration-time patterns of cytokines in the two groups when they left the hospital showed that IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in group 2 patients were higher than in group 1, but IL-4 was lower.

Conclusion: Following drug and surgical treatment, ACC resolves with a significant drop in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a rise in anti-inflammatory IL-4.
In vitro diagnosis of superficial dermatophytes isolated from primary school children in Mukalla city of Yemen and effect of some plant extracts
Authors: M. Al-Haik Wedad , Mohammed Abdullah Bawazir Ali , Shantaram Manjula , S. Malli Chaithra , M. Al-Haddad Ahmed , L.S. Hallur Raghavendra , M. Bakhalah Walid , O. Barshed Abedarhman , M. Bagrwan Khaled , S. Al-Magdi Abubaker 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Aim: Dermatophyton fungi are a group of fungi that can attack the keratinous tissues of humans and animals such as hair, nails, and skin. Dermatophytons are skin fungi, and include three genera: Trichophyton, Microsporium and Epidermophyton. The present study is aimed to diagnose and isolate dermatophytes from primary school children in Mukalla city and prepare herbal extract composition to demonstrate the antifungal activity.

Materials and Methods: During this study, a total 105 samples were collected, including 31 samples from ear, 14 from hair, 13 samples from the hand scrapings and 47 samples from the leg scrapings from the children of the primary stage in the schools of Mukalla city. Plant extracts from Lawsonia inermis, Curcuma longa, Frangula alnus, Olea europaea, Salvia rosmarinus Sesamum indica and Nigella sativa were used.

Results: The results showed that the number of the positive samples was 60.95%, while the negative samples were 39.04%, where the most infected areas of the body from which the fungi were isolated were the leg scrapings with a rate of 50.8% at the probability level (P-value = 0.649). The most affected age group is (11-15 years) with a rate of 87.7%. The highest percentage of isolated fungi is Epidermophyton floccosum (21.5%), followed by Candida albicans, Trichophyton violaceum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton verrucosm, Microsporum canis, then the least isolated fungus was Trichophyton rubrum.

Conclusion: The inhibitory effectiveness of plant extracts against isolated fungi depended on the type of plants used, its concentration and the type of fungus, as the inhibitory effectiveness was higher for Lawsonia inermis extract against the growth of T. mentagrophytes. As for the effect of the oils used in this study, the Nigella sativa oil had a higher inhibitory effect compared to the other oils, as it had an inhibitory effect against five of the dermatophytes isolated.
Effect of Socio-Cultural Factors on Women’s Participation in Leadership of Higher Education in Rwanda: A Case of Rwanda Polytechnics
Authors: Agirumubyara Flavia , Ngabonziza Jean de Dieu Amini 
Published: January 2024

This study explored the effects of social cultural factors on women’s participation level in leadership positions. The study adopted a descriptive research design. Data was collected using questionnaires. A sample of a total of 72 respondents was used in this study. These included 72 female teachers of 5 IPRCs in Rwanda. The data obtained through questionnaires were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS. The findings showed that socio-cultural factors were affecting women in IPRCs and resulting in their underrepresentation in leadership positions in Polytechnic Institutions in Rwanda (r=0.661). In addition, this meant that the relationship between socio-cultural factors of women and their participation in Polytechnic Institutions in Rwanda was strong. The R- squared of 0.550 implied that a unit change in socio-cultural factors predicts 0.767 changes in the participation of women in Polytechnic Institutions in Rwanda. The F-value of 36.241 and the corresponding p-value (p = 0.001) which is less than 0.05 implied that socio-cultural factors affects the representation of women teaching in Polytechnic Institutions in Rwanda. The study concluded that family responsibilities regulated by socio-cultural norms, women involvement, various cultural aspects and religion have an influence on their participation in leadership. The study strongly recommended that all appropriate stakeholders should make a concerted effort to ensure that the different institutions of society (families, schools, universities, communities and the government) respect Rwandan women’s rights. This request to meet their needs and requirements by means of laws, rules policies, economic empowerment, up-skilling, procedures, standards, daily practices and national forums on gender inequality. It also requires identifying and developing strategies for dealing with the existing gender issues and concerns in higher educational institutions in order to increase women’s participation in leadership positions.