bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postmanufacturing techniques for mitigation of viral pathogens in porcine-derived feed ingredients: a review
Authors: Harrison Olivia L , Paulk Chad B , Woodworth Jason C , Gebhardt Jordan T , Jones Cassandra K 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly infectious virus known to cause substantial mortality and morbidity in pigs. The transmissibility and severity of disease within pigs, as well as the potentially resultant catastrophic trade ramifications, warrant its status as a foreign animal disease of substantial concern to the United States. The ASFV virus can survive for extended periods of time outside its host, and its greatest concentration is often observed in blood and organs, products that are frequently used as raw materials to manufacture porcine-derived ingredients fed to animals in the United States. Unlike ruminant-based proteins that cannot be fed to ruminant animals, it is permissible to feed porcine-derived ingredients to pigs in the United States. However, the increased threat of ASFV entry into the United States and our evolving understanding of viral transmission by feedstuffs warrant further investigation into this practice. The objectives of this review are to describe the current knowledge of ASFV survival in raw materials used to produce porcine-based ingredients, identify priorities for future research, and summarize potential options for managing risk until additional knowledge can be gained. While limited data is available for ASFV-specific mitigation, the temperatures used in both spray-drying and rendering have proven to effectively reduce viral concentrations of multiple swine viruses below detectable limits. However, some of these procedures may not eliminate the risk of recontamination, which necessitates the need for additional prevention or mitigation measures. Most published research in this area relies on direct inoculation of raw ingredient, not the finished porcine-derived ingredient. Currently, three published studies report ASFV mitigation in either thermally processed conditions (&gt;40 °C) or ingredient quarantine (&lt;40 °C). Virus inactivation, or the reduction of viral concentrations below detectable levels, was observed in the thermally processed study and one of the two ingredient quarantine studies. In conclusion, there is little knowledge to eliminate the risk of recontamination in porcine-derived ingredients; therefore, future research should aim to support and validate the currently available literature for the continued and safe production of porcine-derived ingredients in the event of a foreign animal disease outbreak.
Surgical smoke and its components, effects, and mitigation: a contemporary review
Authors: Benaim Ezer H , Jaspers Ilona 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Energy-based surgical instruments produce surgical smoke, which contains harmful byproducts, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, particulate matter, and viable microorganisms. The research setting has shifted from the laboratory to the operating room. However, significant heterogeneity in the methods of detection and placement of samplers, diversity in the tissue operated on, and types of surgeries tested has resulted in variability in detected levels and composition of surgical smoke. State regulation limiting surgical smoke exposure through local evacuators is expanding but has yet to reach the national regulatory level. However, most studies have not shown levels above standard established limits but relatively short bursts of high concentrations of these harmful by-products. This review highlights the limitations of the current research and unsupported conclusions while also suggesting further areas of interest that need more focus to improve Occupational Safety and Health Administration guidelines.
A systems toxicology approach for identification of disruptions in cholesterol homeostasis after aggregated exposure to mixtures of perfluorinated compounds in humans
Authors: Westerhout Joost , den Heijer-Jordaan Annemiek , Princen Hans M G , Stierum Rob 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are used in various household and industrial products. In humans, positive associations were reported between PFAS, including perfluorsulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid, and cholesterol, a cardiometabolic risk factor. Animal studies show the opposite. Human-centered approaches are needed to better understand the effects of PFAS mixtures on cholesterol. Here, a systems toxicology approach is described, using a gene-centered cholesterol biokinetic model. PFAS exposure-gene expression relations from published data were introduced into the model. An existing PFAS physiologically based kinetic model was augmented with lung and dermal compartments and integrated with the cholesterol model to enable exposure-effect modeling. The final model was populated with data reflecting lifetime mixture exposure from: tolerable weekly intake values; the environment; high occupational exposures (ski waxing, PFAS industry). Results indicate that low level exposures (tolerable weekly intake, environmental) did not change cholesterol. In contrast, occupational exposures clearly resulted in internal PFAS exposure and disruption of cholesterol homeostasis, largely in line with epidemiological observations. Despite model limitations (eg, dynamic range, directionality), changes in cholesterol homeostasis were predicted for ski waxers, hitherto unknown from epidemiological studies. Here, future studies involving lipid metabolism could improve risk assessment.
Temporal trends and spatial and spatiotemporal distribution of schistosomiasis mansoni in northeast Brazil between 2005 and 2016
Authors: Bezerra Alencar Vitória Jordana , Dantas Lima Pedro , Vieira Machado João Paulo , da Silva Lima Maria Wilma , da Conceição Gomes Sheilla , Silva da Paz Wandklebson , Santos Ramos Rosália Elen , Pereira Bezerra Letícia , Gomes de Amorim Santos Israel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Schistosoma mansoni is a parasitic disease of great magnitude for Brazilian public health. We aimed to analyse the temporal trend and spatial and spatiotemporal distribution of positivity rates for schistosomiasis mansoni in northeast Brazil.

Methods
This is a descriptive study with an ecological approach, carried out between 2005 and 2016. We calculated the positivity rate for the disease and then performed a segmented trend analysis (Joinpoint). For spatial analysis, we smoothed the positivity rates using the local empirical Bayesian method. We checked for spatial autocorrelation using Moran’s global and local. Subsequently, we performed Kulldorff’s space time sweep analysis.

Results
In the period under review, 7 745 650 tests were performed in the northeast, of which 577 793 were positive for Schistosoma mansoni. In the historical series of positivities, it is noted that the highest rates were in Sergipe, Alagoas and Pernambuco. The states of Alagoas and Sergipe showed higher positivity in relation to the average positivity of the northeast and of Brazil. The spatial analysis maps identify clusters of high risk of schistosomiasis cases, mainly in coastal municipalities. There was also stability in positivity rates in some states and the maintenance of endemic areas.

Conclusions
Thus effective public health policies are needed in health education in order to reduce schistosomiasis positivity and improve the health conditions of the northeastern population.
Comparative anatomy of the vocal apparatus in bats and implications for the diversity of laryngeal echolocation
Authors: Brualla Nicolas L M , Wilson Laura A B , Tu Vuong Tan , Nojiri Taro , Carter Richard T , Ngamprasertwong Thongchai , Wannaprasert Thanakul , Doube Michael , Fukui Dai , Koyabu Daisuke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Most of over 1400 extant bat species produce high-frequency pulses with their larynx for echolocation. However, the debate about the evolutionary origin of laryngeal echolocation in bats remains unresolved. The morphology of the larynx is known to reflect vocal adaptation and thus can potentially help in resolving this controversy. However, the morphological variations of the larynx are poorly known in bats, and a complete anatomical study remains to be conducted. Here, we compare the 3D laryngeal morphology of 23 extant bat species of 11 different families reconstructed by using iodine contrast-enhanced X-ray microtomography techniques. We find that, contrary to previously thought, laryngeal muscle hypertrophy is not a characteristic of all bats and presents differential development. The larynges of Pteropodidae are morphologically similar to those of non-bat mammals. Two morphotypes are described among laryngeal echolocating bats, illustrating morphological differences between Rhinolophoidea and Yangochiroptera, with the main variations being the cricothyroid muscle volume and the shape of the cricoid and thyroid cartilages. For the first time we detail functional specialization for constant frequency echolocation among Rhinolophoidea. Lastly, the nasal-emitting taxa representing a polyphyletic group do not share the same laryngeal form, which raises questions about the potential modular nature of the bat larynx.
Induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles enriched with miR‐126 induce proangiogenic properties and promote repair of ischemic tissue
Authors: Kmiotek‐Wasylewska Katarzyna , Łabędź‐Masłowska Anna , Bobis‐Wozowicz Sylwia , Karnas Elżbieta , Noga Sylwia , Sekuła‐Stryjewska Małgorzata , Woźnicka Olga , Madeja Zbigniew , Dawn Buddhadeb , Zuba‐Surma Ewa K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) may induce pro‐regenerative effects in ischemic tissues by delivering bioactive molecules, including microRNAs. Recent studies have also shown pro‐regenerative benefits of EVs derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of EV benefits and the role of their transferred regulatory molecules remain incompletely understood. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of human iPS‐derived EVs (iPS‐EVs) enriched in proangiogenic miR‐126 (iPS‐miR‐126‐EVs) on functional properties of human endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro. We also examined the outcomes following EV injection in a murine model of limb ischemia in vivo. EVs were isolated from conditioned media from cultures of unmodified and genetically modified human iPS cells overexpressing miR‐126. The iPS‐miR‐126‐EVs were enriched in miR‐126 when compared with control iPS‐EVs and effectively transferred miR‐126 along with other miRNAs to recipient ECs improving their functional properties essential for ischemic tissue repair, including proliferation, metabolic activity, cell survival, migration, and angiogenic potential. Injection of iPS‐miR‐126‐EVs in vivo in a murine model of acute limb ischemia promoted angiogenesis, increased perfusion, and enhanced functional recovery. These observations corresponded with elevated expression of genes for several proangiogenic factors in ischemic tissues following iPS‐miR‐126‐EV transplantation. These results indicate that innate pro‐regenerative properties of iPS‐EVs may be further enhanced by altering their molecular composition via controlled genetic modifications. Such iPS‐EVs overexpressing selected microRNAs, including miR‐126, may represent a novel acellular tool for therapy of ischemic tissues in vivo.
Folate supports IL‐25‐induced tuft cell expansion following enteroviral infections
Authors: Lyu Ruining , Wu Jing , He Yating , You Qiao , Qian Yajie , Jiang Na , Cai Yurong , Chen Deyan , Wu Zhiwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntestinal tuft cells, a kind of epithelial immune cells, rapidly expand in response to pathogenic infections, which is associated with infection‐induced interleukin 25 (IL‐25) upregulation. However, the metabolic mechanism of IL‐25‐induced tuft cell expansion is largely unknown. Folate metabolism provides essential purine and methyl substrates for cell proliferation and differentiation. Thus, we aim to investigate the roles of folate metabolism playing in IL‐25‐induced tuft cell expansion by enteroviral infection and recombinant murine IL‐25 (rmIL‐25) protein‐stimulated mouse models. At present, enteroviruses, such as EV71, CVA16, CVB3, and CVB4, upregulated IL‐25 expression and induced tuft cell expansion in the intestinal tissues of mice. However, EV71 did not induce intestinal tuft cell expansion in IL‐25−/− mice. Interestingly, compared to the mock group, folate was enriched in the intestinal tissues of both the EV71‐infected group and the rmIL‐25 protein‐stimulated group. Moreover, folate metabolism supported IL‐25‐induced tuft cell expansion since both folate‐depletion and anti‐folate MTX‐treated mice had a disrupted tuft cell expansion in response to rmIL‐25 protein stimulation. In summary, our data suggested that folate metabolism supported intestinal tuft cell expansion in response to enterovirus‐induced IL‐25 expression, which provided a new insight into the mechanisms of tuft cell expansion from the perspective of folate metabolism.
Dysfunction of specific auditory fibers impacts cortical oscillations, driving an autism phenotype despite near‐normal hearing
Authors: Marchetta Philine , Dapper Konrad , Hess Morgan , Calis Dila , Singer Wibke , Wertz Jakob , Fink Stefan , Hage Steffen R. , Alam Mesbah , Schwabe Kerstin , Lukowski Robert , Bourien Jerome , Puel Jean‐Luc , Jacob Michele H. , Munk Matthias H. J. , Land Rüdiger , Rüttiger Lukas , Knipper Marlies 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder is discussed in the context of altered neural oscillations and imbalanced cortical excitation–inhibition of cortical origin. We studied here whether developmental changes in peripheral auditory processing, while preserving basic hearing function, lead to altered cortical oscillations. Local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded from auditory, visual, and prefrontal cortices and the hippocampus of BdnfPax2 KO mice. These mice develop an autism‐like behavioral phenotype through deletion of BDNF in Pax2+ interneuron precursors, affecting lower brainstem functions, but not frontal brain regions directly. Evoked LFP responses to behaviorally relevant auditory stimuli were weaker in the auditory cortex of BdnfPax2 KOs, connected to maturation deficits of high‐spontaneous rate auditory nerve fibers. This was correlated with enhanced spontaneous and induced LFP power, excitation–inhibition imbalance, and dendritic spine immaturity, mirroring autistic phenotypes. Thus, impairments in peripheral high‐spontaneous rate fibers alter spike synchrony and subsequently cortical processing relevant for normal communication and behavior.
Effects of higher femoral tunnels on clinical outcomes, MRI, and second-look findings in double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a minimal 5-year follow-up
Authors: Lin Lin , Wang Haijun , Wang Jian , Wang Yongjian , Chen Yourong , Yu Jiakuo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
To perform anatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), tunnels should be placed relatively higher in the femoral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) footprint based on the findings of direct and indirect femoral insertion. But the clinical results of higher femoral tunnels (HFT) in double-bundle ACLR (DB-ACLR) remain unclear. The purpose was to investigate the clinical results of HFT and lower femoral tunnels (LFT) in DB-ACLR.

Methods:
From September 2014 to February 2016, 83 patients who underwent DB-ACLR and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into HFT-ACLR (group 1, n = 37) and LFT-ACLR (group 2, n = 46) according to the position of femoral tunnels. Preoperatively and at the final follow-up, clinical scores were evaluated with International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Tegner activity, and Lysholm score. The stability of the knee was evaluated with KT-2000, Lachman test, and pivot-shift test. Cartilage degeneration grades of the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) were evaluated on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Graft tension, continuity, and synovialization were evaluated by second-look arthroscopy. Return-to-sports was assessed at the final follow-up.

Results:
Significantly better improvement were found for KT-2000, Lachman test, and pivot-shift test postoperatively in group 1 (P >0.05). Posterolateral bundles (PL) showed significantly better results in second-look arthroscopy regarding graft tension, continuity, and synovialization (P <0.05), but not in anteromedial bundles in group 1. At the final follow-up, cartilage worsening was observed in groups 1 and 2, but it did not reach a stastistically significant difference (P >0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in IKDC subjective score, Tegner activity, and Lysholm score between the two groups. Higher return-to-sports rate was found in group 1 with 86.8% (32/37) vs. 65.2% (30/46) in group 2 (P = 0.027).

Conclusion:
The HFT-ACLR group showed better stability results, better PL, and higher return-to-sports rate compared to the LFT-ACLR group.
RNF213 in moyamoya disease: Genotype–phenotype association and the underlying mechanism
Authors: Fang Jianxun , Yang Xinzhuang , Ni Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by a steno-occlusive internal carotid artery and compensatory vascular network formation. Although the precise pathogenic mechanism remains elusive, genetic association studies have identified RNF213 as the principal susceptibility gene for MMD, with the single nucleotide polymorphism p.R4810K recognized as the founder variant predominantly in the Asian populations. Distinct genotype–phenotype correlations are observable in RNF213-related MMD. The clinical manifestations linked to p.R4810K bear commonalities within Asian cohort, including familial predisposition, earlier age of onset, ischemic episodes, and involvement of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA). However, despite these shared phenotypic characteristics, there is significant heterogeneity in RNF213-related MMD presentations. This diversity manifests as variations across ethnic groups, inconsistent clinical symptoms and prognosis, and occurrence of other vasculopathies involving RNF213. This heterogeneity, in conjunction with the observed low disease penetrance of RNF213 mutations, suggests that the presence of these mutations may not be sufficient to cause MMD, underscoring the potential influence of other genetic or environmental factors. Although the current research might not have fully identified these additional contributors, experimental evidence points toward the involvement of RNF213 in angiogenesis, lipid metabolism, and the immune response. Future research is required to unveil the molecular mechanisms and identify the factors that synergize with RNF213 in the pathogenesis of MMD.
Asthma as a Risk Factor for Hospitalization in Children and Youth With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lara Shana T. , Rein Lisa E. , Simanek Amanda M. , Totoraitis Michael F. , Rausch Darren J. , Weston Benjamin W. , Ahn Kwang Woo , Meurer John R. , Beyer Kirsten M. M. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Studies examining the association between asthma and hospitalization among children and youth with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have yielded mixed results. Both asthma and COVID-19 hospitalization are characterized by racial, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities which also pattern geographically, yet no studies to date have adjusted for neighborhood context in the assessment of this association.

Methods:
Mixed effects logistic regression was used to estimate the association between asthma and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in a sample of 28,997 children and youth diagnosed with COVID-19 in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, from March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2022. Models adjusted for individual-level sociodemographic factors (age, gender, race, ethnicity and city/suburb residence) and season of diagnosis were examined as moderators. Random intercepts by census tract accounted for geographic variation in neighborhood factors and census tract-level measures of education, health and environment, and social and economic factors were assessed via childhood opportunity indices.

Results:
Asthma history was statistically significantly associated with hospitalization due to COVID-19 among children and youth. Hospitalization rates varied statistically significantly by census tract, and results were unchanged after accounting for childhood opportunity indices and census tract. Season of diagnosis was not found to moderate the effect of asthma history on COVID-19 hospitalization.

Conclusion:
Our study suggests that asthma history is a risk factor for hospitalization in the context of COVID-19 infection among children and youth, warranting observation and follow-up of children with asthma as well as continued measures to prevent COVID-19 in this population.
Liposomal-Associated Phospholipase A2 Is More Effective in Predicting Cardiac Risk in Law Enforcement Than Framingham Risk Score and Coronary Artery Calcium Score Calculation
Authors: Sheinberg Jonathan , Rajaram Pranav , Callaway Joshua 
Published: January 2024

Objective
To clarify the methods for identifying officers at high risk for cardiac events.

Methods
This retrospective review included 3330 patient charts. Classic cardiovascular risk factors, coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores, and endothelial inflammatory biomarker levels were compared between civilians and law enforcement officers (LEOs). The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) was compared with risk assessment using inflammatory biomarkers.

Results
The FRS failed to identify more than 90% of LEOs at high risk of cardiovascular events. Similarly, the use of the CAC score was ineffective. Inflammatory biomarker analysis measuring the lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity was the most reliable method for identifying LEOs at high risk of cardiovascular events.

Conclusions
The use of the standard FRS and CAC scores is less effective than that of inflammatory biomarkers in identifying LEOs at high risk of cardiovascular events;
Improvements in Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Among Adults With Anxiety or Depressive Symptoms Participating in a Relational Agent–Delivered Digital Mental Health Intervention
Authors: Forman-Hoffman Valerie L. , Flom Megan , Montgomery Robert , Robinson Athena 
Published: January 2024

Objectives
The study aimed to assess changes between baseline and end of treatment in work-related absenteeism, presenteeism, productivity, and nonwork-related activity impairment and estimate cost savings associated with observed improvements.

Methods
Data from 91 employed adult participants who enrolled in a single-arm, exploratory study of a relational agent–delivered digital mental health intervention and completed Work Productivity and Activity Impairment assessments were analyzed; overall work productivity improvement was multiplied by the overall and education-adjusted US median annual salary to arrive at potential cost savings estimates.

Results
Adjusted models indicated more than 20% improvements in presenteeism, work productivity impairment, and activity impairment, yielding cost-savings estimates between $14,000 and more than $18,000 annually.

Conclusions
Relational agent–delivered digital mental health interventions may be associated with improvements in work productivity and activity impairment, which could result in a sizable cost savings.