bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Denaturing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography To Identify
Bacillus anthracis
by Analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA Interspacer Region and
gyrA
Gene
Authors: Hurtle William , Bode Elizabeth , Kaplan Rebecca Susan , Garrison Jeff , Kearney Brian , Shoemaker David , Henchal Erik , Norwood David 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) was evaluated as a method for identifying
Bacillus anthracis
by analyzing two chromosomal targets, the 16S-23S intergenic spacer region (ISR) and the
gyrA
gene. The 16S-23S ISR was analyzed by this method with 42 strains of
B. anthracis
, 36 strains of
Bacillus cereus
, and 12 strains of
Bacillus thuringiensis
; the
gyrA
gene was analyzed by this method with 33 strains of
B. anthracis
, 27 strains of
B. cereus
, and 9 strains of
B. thuringiensis
. Two blind panels of 45 samples each were analyzed to evaluate the potential diagnostic capability of this method. Our results show that DHPLC is an efficient method for the identification of
B. anthracis
.
Exophiala oligospermaCausing Olecranon Bursitis
Authors: Bossler A. D. , Richter S. S. , Chavez A. J. , Vogelgesang S. A. , Sutton D. A. , Grooters A. M. , Rinaldi M. G. , de Hoog G. S. , Pfaller M. A 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACTA 62-year-old male with a history of Wegener's granulomatosis and immunosuppressive therapy presented with chronic olecranon bursitis. A black velvety mould with brown septate hyphae and tapered annellides was isolated from a left elbow bursa aspirate and was identified as anExophialaspecies. Internal transcribed sequence rRNA sequencing showed the isolate to be identical toExophiala oligosperma. The patient was successfully treated with aspiration and intrabursal amphotericin B.
Rapid and Specific Detection of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
by Using the Smart Cycler Instrument and a Specific Fluorogenic Probe
Authors: Cleary Timothy J. , Roudel Gladys , Casillas Ofelia , Miller Nancimae 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

A procedure using the Smart Cycler instrument and a fluorescence quencher (FQ) probe for the specific identification of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex (MTB) was used to detect organisms in 366 acid-fast bacillus smear-positive respiratory specimens. It was compared to culture and the AMPLICOR
M
.
tuberculosis
PCR test. MTB was isolated from 198 of these samples. The FQ PCR assay was sensitive (197 of 198, 99.5%) and specific (165 of 168, 98.2%); no significant difference was observed between the two PCR protocols. After DNA extraction, a final result was available within 1.5 h with the real-time PCR protocol.
Differentiation of
Candida dubliniensis
from
Candida albicans
on Pal's Agar
Authors: Al Mosaid Asmaa , Sullivan Derek J. , Coleman David C. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

Production of a hyphal fringe around colonies grown on Pal's agar (sunflower seed agar) at 30°C for 48 to 72 h provides a simple means of discriminating between isolates of
C. dubliniensis
and
C. albicans
with 100% accuracy. Of 128
C. dubliniensis
isolates tested on this medium, all produced a hyphal fringe. In contrast, none of the 124
C. albicans
isolates tested produced a hyphal fringe. Pal's medium has the added advantage of being prepared from inexpensive, readily available seeds.
Assessment of Immunoglobulin M Enzyme Immunoassays for Diagnosis of Measles
Authors: Tipples Graham A. , Hamkar Rasool , Mohktari-Azad Talat , Gray Michael , Parkyn Geoff , Head Carol , Ratnam Samuel 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT
We evaluated the performance of three commercial measles immunoglobulin M enzyme immunoassays from Meddens, Denka Seiken, and Behring. The sensitivities were determined to be 96.7% for the Meddens and Denka Seiken assays and 87.9% for the Behring assay. The specificities of the assays were determined to be 94.6% for Meddens, 98.2% for Denka Seiken, and 98.7% for Behring.
Use of Hepatitis B Virus DNA Quantitation To Predict Hepatitis B e Antigen Reversion in Cases of Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Chan Henry Lik-Yuen , Wong May Ling , Hui Alex Yui , Hung Lawrence Cheung-Tsui , Chan Francis Ka-Leung , Sung Joseph Jao-Yiu 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT
Seventy-three chronic hepatitis B patients who had either hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion (group I) or HBeAg-negative disease (group II) were studied. HBV DNA levels at HBeAg seroconversion (group I) and at initial visits (group II) were significantly lower among patients who were persistently negative for HBeAg than among those who underwent HBeAg reversion.
Genetic Diversity among Clinical Isolates of
Candida glabrata
Analyzed by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis Analyses
Authors: Boldo Xavier M. , Villa-Tanaca Lourdes , Zúñiga Gerardo , Hernández-Rodríguez César 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

The genetic diversity of 47 clinical and reference strains of
Candida glabrata
from several geographical origins and diverse clinical disorders, with different antifungal susceptibilities, as well as their genetic relationships were studied through multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques. The genetic diversity estimated for 11 MLEE loci measured as average heterozygosity (
h
) was 0.055. A high level of genetic relatedness among isolates was established by cluster analysis. Forty-nine RAPD markers were analyzed, and the average genetic diversity among isolates, estimated by Shannon's index (

H
o

), was 0.372. The Φ
ST
values estimated through an analysis of molecular variance to assess genetic differentiation among isolates revealed no genetic differentiation among them. Our results revealed very low genetic diversity among isolates, a lack of differentiation, and no association with their geographic origin and the clinical characteristics.
Comparison of PCR Assay to Culture for Surveillance Detection of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci
Authors: Paule Suzanne M. , Trick William E. , Tenover Fred C. , Lankford Mary , Cunningham Susan , Stosor Valentina , Cordell Ralph L. , Peterson Lance R. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

Direct multiplex PCR assay using
vanA
and
vanB
primers, which provides rapid results, was more sensitive than culture on selective media for samples collected by rectal swab (20 of 46 versus 8 of 46;
P
< 0.001) or perianal swab (17 of 58 versus 12 of 58;
P
= 0.059) for the detection of gastrointestinal colonization by vancomycin-resistant enterococci.
Cellular Fatty Acid Profile Distinguishes
Burkholderia pseudomallei
from Avirulent
Burkholderia thailandensis
Authors: Inglis Timothy J. J. , Aravena-Roman Max , Ching Simon , Croft Kevin , Wuthiekanun V. , Mee Brian J. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia pseudomallei
, the cause of melioidosis, can be distinguished from the closely related but nonpathogenic
Burkholderia thailandensis
by gas chromatography (GC) analysis of fatty acid derivatives. A 2-hydroxymyristic acid derivative (14:0 2OH) was present in 95% of
B. pseudomallei
isolates and no
B. thailandensis
isolates. GC mass spectrophotometry confirmed that 2-hydroxymyristic acid was present in
B. pseudomallei
. GC-fatty acid methyl ester analysis may be useful in distinguishing these two closely related species.
Comparison of In Vitro Activities of 17 Antifungal Drugs against a Panel of 20 Dermatophytes by Using a Microdilution Assay
Authors: Favre Bertrand , Hofbauer Bettina , Hildering Kwang-Soo , Ryder Neil S. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT
The in vitro activities of 17 antifungal drugs against a panel of 20 dermatophytes comprising 6 different species were determined using a microdilution assay according to the NCCLS M38-P method with some modifications. Terbinafine was the most potent systemic drug while tolnaftate and amorolfine were the most active topical agents.
Amplified-Fragment Length Polymorphism as a Complement to IS
6110
-Based Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis for Molecular Typing of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Ruiz Monserrat , Rodríguez Juan Carlos , Rodríguez-Valera Francisco , Royo Gloria 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

The amplified-fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique was applied to clusters of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
clinical isolates obtained by using IS
6110
-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Ten of the RFLP clusters showed identical AFLP patterns also, but the other 13 could be resolved into subclusters by AFLP. Our results suggest that some RFLP clusters may not be due to recent transmission and that AFLP may be a useful complementary technique.
Diagnosis of Congenital Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Filisetti Denis , Gorcii Mohamed , Pernot-Marino Elodie , Villard Odile , Candolfi Ermanno 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT
Three PCR targets (18S ribosomal DNA, B1, and AF146527) and mouse inoculation were compared for 83 samples in the context of congenital toxoplasmosis. These four techniques are not statistically different in terms of sensitivity and specificity. However, further analysis highlighted problems sometimes encountered with PCR diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis.
Use of Cefoperazone MacConkey Agar for Selective Isolation of
Laribacter hongkongensis
Authors: Lau Susanna K. P. , Woo Patrick C. Y. , Hui Wai-ting , Li Maria W. S. , Teng Jade L. L. , Que Tak-Lun , Luk Wei-Kwang , Lai Raymond W. M. , Yung Raymond W. H. , Yuen Kwok-yung 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

A new selective medium, cefoperazone MacConkey agar (CMA), was developed for primary isolation of
Laribacter hongkongensis
from stool. Its performance in quantitative recovery and in a clinical evaluation of 4,741 human diarrheal stool specimens was superior to that of charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar. In addition, with CMA,
Arcobacter butzleri
was unexpectedly isolated from the stools of six patients.
Volume Effect on Sensitivity of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for Detection of
Chlamydia trachomatis
in Urine Specimens from Females
Authors: Moncada Jeanne , Chow Joan M. , Schachter Julius 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for the detection of
Chlamydia trachomatis
are routinely used on first-catch urine (FCU) specimens. We analyzed data from a head-to-head comparison of NAATs on female FCU specimens and found that the volume of urine collected could affect test performance.
Differentiation ofMycoplasmaSpecies by 16S Ribosomal DNA PCR and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Fingerprinting
Authors: McAuliffe Laura , Ellis Richard J. , Ayling Roger D. , Nicholas Robin A. J. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACTDenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of a 16S ribosomal DNA PCR product was used to differentiate 32 mycoplasma species of veterinary significance. Twenty-seven (85%) species could be differentiated by DGGE. This method could enable the rapid identification of many mycoplasma species for which there is no specific PCR available and which are currently identified by using culture and serological tests.
Biochemical Properties of a Newly Described
Escherichia
Species,
Escherichia albertii
Authors: Abbott Sharon L. , O'Connor Jennifer , Robin Tom , Zimmer Barbara L. , Janda J. Michael 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

Five strains of a newly described
Escherichia
species,
Escherichia albertii
, were extensively characterized by conventional biochemical methods and by commercial identification panels.
E. albertii
is an indole-negative species that ferments
d
-mannitol but not
d
-xylose. Because these strains are not included in the databases of commercial systems at present, they were most often identified as
Hafnia
,
Salmonella
,
Escherichia coli
, or, on one system (MicroScan dried overnight panels),
Yersinia ruckeri
.
High Disease Burden of Diarrhea Due to Enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
among Rural Egyptian Infants and Young Children
Authors: Rao Malla R. , Abu-Elyazeed Remon , Savarino Stephen J. , Naficy Abdollah B. , Wierzba Thomas F. , Abdel-Messih Ibrahim , Shaheen Hind , Frenck Robert W. , Svennerholm Ann-Mari , Clemens John D. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

The incidence of enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
diarrhea among Egyptian children was 1.5 episodes per child per year and accounted for 66% of all first episodes of diarrhea after birth. The incidence increased from 1.7 episodes per child per year in the first 6 months of life to 2.3 in the second 6 months and declined thereafter.
Photographic and Luminometric Detection of Luciferase Reporter Phages for Drug Susceptibility Testing of Clinical
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Isolates
Authors: Hazbón Manzour Hernando , Guarín Nora , Ferro Beatriz Eugenia , Rodríguez Ana Lucía , Labrada Luz Angela , Tovar Rafael , Riska Paul F. , Jacobs William R. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

Luciferase reporter phages (LRPs) have proven to be efficient tools for drug susceptibility testing of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
. Luminometric detection of LRP activity offers higher sensitivity and quantitative results, while a Polaroid film detection method offers a “low-tech” inexpensive alternative that is called the Bronx box. In this work we evaluated, improved, and compared the performance of the luminometer and the Bronx box formats for drug susceptibility testing with LRPs by using 51 clinical isolates of
M. tuberculosis
, with the agar proportion method (PM) serving as reference. The sensitivity in detecting resistance to isoniazid and rifampin, antibiotics that define multidrug resistance (MDR), was 100% for both methods. The turnaround time for results was reduced from 3 weeks for PM to 54 or 94 h for luminometry or the Bronx box, respectively. These results support the utility of LRPs as a screening test for the surveillance of MDR tuberculosis.
Temporal and Geographical Distribution and Overlap of Penner Heat-Stable Serotypes and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Genotypes of
Campylobacter jejuni
Isolates Collected from Humans and Chickens in Finland during a Seasonal Peak
Authors: Kärenlampi R. , Rautelin H. , Hakkinen M. , Hänninen M.-L. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

The association of Penner heat-stable serotypes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotypes of 208 human and 30 chicken
Campylobacter jejuni
isolates was studied. Overall, 46% of the human strains had overlapping sero- and genotype combinations with chicken strains. The percentage was reduced to 31% for strains that were considered temporally related. This suggests common environmental sources.
Epidemiological Study of Resistance to Nalidixic Acid and Other Antibiotics in Clinical
Yersinia enterocolitica
O:3 Isolates
Authors: Capilla S. , Goñi P. , Rubio M. C. , Castillo J. , Millán L. , Cerdá P. , Sahagún J. , Pitart C. , Beltrán A. , Gómez-Lus R. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

Forty-six
Yersinia enterocolitica
O:3 clinical isolates resistant to nalidixic acid were studied. The use of molecular typing techniques, other indicators of resistance patterns, the plasmid profile, and the presence of genes that encode aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme production suggested to us a clonal dissemination of the studied strains.
Staphylococcal Exanthematous Disease in a Newborn Due to a Virulent Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Strain Containing the TSST-1 Gene in Europe: an Alert for Neonatologists
Authors: van der Mee-Marquet Nathalie , Lina Gérard , Quentin Roland , Yaouanc-Lapalle Hélène , Fièvre Christine , Takahashi Naoto , Etienne Jerome 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

We report a case of staphylococcal exanthematous disease in a newborn due to a toxic shock syndrome toxin 1- and SEC-producing methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
strain and alert neonatologists to the probable emergence in France of the neonatal toxic shock syndrome-like exanthematous disease in newborns previously described in Japan. We advise neonatologists to pay careful attention to clinical parameters and to prescribe appropriate tests: platelet count, serum C-reactive protein concentration, and Vβ2-positive T-cell counts.
Molecular Characterization of a Strain of Group A Streptococcus Isolated from a Patient with a Psoas Abscess
Authors: Lau Susanna K. P. , Woo Patrick C. Y. , Yim Tak-ching , To Amanda P. C. , Yuen Kwok-yung 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

We report the first case of a primary group A streptococcus (GAS) psoas abscess in a 31-year-old woman. The psoas abscess was preceded by an episode of acute pharyngitis. The M-protein gene (
emm
) and streptolysin S structural gene (
sagA
) were present in the isolate, with no significant amino acid differences from previously described sequences of M1 GAS isolates. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) showed that the isolate belonged to MLST sequence type (MLST-ST) 28, the predominant MLST-ST associated with invasive disease caused by M1 isolates.
Serial Granulocyte Transfusions as a Treatment for Sepsis Due to Multidrug-Resistant
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
in a Neutropenic Patient
Authors: Lin Ying-Wei , Adachi Souichi , Watanabe Ken-Ichiro , Umeda Katsutsugu , Nakahata Tatsutoshi 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

The emergence of multidrug-resistant
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(MRPA) has become a major clinical problem. We successfully treated MRPA sepsis in a neutropenic patient undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation with serial granulocyte transfusions. Granulocyte transfusion should be considered as a treatment for severe infection in patients with neutropenia.
Occurrence of Renal and Pulmonary Syndrome in a Region of Northeast Germany Where Tula Hantavirus Circulates
Authors: Klempa Boris , Meisel Helga , Räth Silvana , Bartel Jan , Ulrich Rainer , Krüger Detlev H. 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACT

Hantavirus species Tula (TULV) is carried by European common voles (
Microtus
spp.). Its pathogenic potential for humans is unknown. In a rural region of northeast Germany, a 43-year-old man became ill with fever, renal syndrome, and pneumonia. Typing of late acute- and convalescent-phase sera by focus reduction neutralization assay revealed the presence of neutralizing antibodies against TULV. Moreover, we detected TULV genetic material in
Microtus arvalis
animals that were trapped at places only a few kilometers from the home village of the patient. Phylogenetic analysis of completely sequenced genomic S segments from three virus strains grouped them within a third genetic lineage of the TULV species. This is the first case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and pulmonary involvement which can be associated with TULV infection.
Successful Outcome of DisseminatedFusariumInfection with Skin Localization Treated with Voriconazole and Amphotericin B-Lipid Complex in a Patient with Acute Leukemia
Authors: Durand-Joly Isabelle , Alfandari Serge , Benchikh Zinnédine , Rodrigue Marion , Espinel-Ingroff Ana , Catteau Benoit , Cordevant Christophe , Camus Daniel , Dei-Cas Eduardo , Bauters Francis , Delhaes Laurence , De Botton Stéphane 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACTA disseminatedFusarium oxysporuminfection with skin localization was diagnosed in a woman with a relapse of B-acute leukemia during induction chemotherapy. The infection was refractory to amphotericin B-lipid complex alone but responded successfully when voriconazole was added.
Paronychia Due toPrevotella biviaThat Resulted in Amputation: Fast and Correct Bacteriological Diagnosis Is Crucial
Authors: Riesbeck Kristian 
Published: October 2003

ABSTRACTPrevotella biviais mainly associated with endometritis. The case of a patient with paronychia in a thumb due toP. biviaresulting in osteitis and amputation is reported. The species was not acknowledged in the first bacterial culture 2 weeks before surgery.
Semiclassical behavior of the degenerate four-wave mixing without slowly varying amplitude approximation
Authors: Farzad M H , Tavassoly M T 
Published: October 2003

In this study, a semiclassical version of the degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) solution without slowly varying amplitude (SVA) approximation is investigated. The quadrature fluctuations of the output modes exhibit an oscillatory behavior with respect to that of the corresponding SVA modes. Furthermore, the variation of the two quadrature fluctuations of the combined mode, plotted against the normalized coupling constant κL, oscillates. Beyond a certain value of κL, the two quadratures oscillate in opposite directions, which implies that the squeezing effect of DFWM without the SVA approximation oscillates around that of the SVA. In addition, the squeezing effect in DFWM without SVA approximation depends on the refractive index of the medium and increases sharply upon the increase of the latter. This study also shows that the super-Poissonian behavior of the conjugate mode is preserved but is oscillatory. PACS No.: 42.65.Hw
The vacuum polarization in two-dimensional noncommutative QED
Authors: Brandt F T , McKeon D.G.C. 
Published: October 2003

The one-loop vacuum polarization tensor in noncommutative spinor QED in two dimensions is computed. A first-order formalism is used to simplify the interaction vertices for the vector field. Although the form of the gauge field-spinor interaction is chosen so as to vanish at tree level, as the noncommuting parameter goes to zero, the vacuum polarization is nontrivial in this limit. PACS No.: 12.20.m
Dimensional reduction of the spinning string in a background gravitational field
Authors: McKeon D.G.C. 
Published: October 2003

The superfield and equivalent component field formulations of the N = 1 spinning string in the presence of a background gravitational field are given. It is shown how dimensional reduction of this spinning string gives rise to an N = 2 spinning particle with global 0(2) symmetry. A distinction between different versions of the action for the N = 2 spinning particle is noted. PACS No.: 12.60.Jv
New method for reducing the general formula for lattice specific heat to the Einstein and Nernst-Lindemann approximations
Authors: Irons F E 
Published: October 2003

To reduce the general formula for lattice specific heat to Einstein's formula of 1907, one traditionally models the spectrum of lattice modes-of-vibration as a set of independent oscillators all of one frequency, ν1. Not only is this a poor representation of a real solid, but no formula is provided for the frequency ν1, which has to be determined empirically. We offer a new and more compelling method for reducing the general formula to Einstein's formula. The reduction involves a simple mathematical approximation, proceeds without any reference to independent oscillators all of one frequency, and leads to a formula for the characteristic frequency, ν1, equal to the mean modal frequency. The mathematical approximation is valid at all but low temperatures, thereby providing insight into the failure of Einstein's formula at low temperatures. A simple extension of the new method leads to the NernstLindemann formula for specific heat, proposed in 1911 on the basis of trial and error and currently without a sound theoretical basis. Empirical values (from the literature) of the frequencies that characterize the Einstein, the NernstLindemann, and also the Debye formulae are all in support of the present theory. PACS Nos.: 65.40.Ba, 01.55.+b