bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A history of the international group for correlation analysis in chemistry
Authors: Shorter John 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe author has been Secretary of the International Group for Correlation Analysis in Chemistry (formerly Organic Chemistry) since it was founded in 1982. A series of conferences in the USA, which began with a Symposium on Linear Free Energy Correlations at Durham, NC, in 1964, eventually stimulated the development of a similar series in Europe, starting with a conference on Correlation Analysis in Organic Chemistry at Assisi, Italy, in 1979. This conference established a continuing organization in a provisional form and, at the second conference in Hull, UK, in 1982, this became the International Group for Correlation Analysis in Organic Chemistry. The conferences have continued ever since at intervals of between two and three years at venues in Europe or (on two occasions) in Asia, and now total nine. The Group (which dropped the ‘Organic’ from its title in 1991) has been an Associated Organization of IUPAC since 1990. The article describes the development of the Group as a society during twenty years and its various activities, including the conferences and a substantial Newsletter, produced at intervals of six months to a year for 24 issues. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
π‐Electron delocalisation for intramolecular resonance assisted hydrogen bonds
Authors: Janusz Grabowski Sławomir 
Published: September 2003

Abstractπ‐Electron delocalisation for the intramolecular resonance assisted hydrogen bonds (IRAHBs) is analysed here. The investigation is based on MP2/6‐311++G** calculations as well as on the results derived from the Bader theory. The Mulliken analysis of the change in natural population atomic charges for the IRAHB systems shows that there is a transfer of the electron charge from the R1CCR2CR3region into the OH…O hydrogen bond. The results of calculations also show that the strength of IRAHBs depends mainly on the process of the π‐electron delocalisation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isolated gingival metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma mimicking a pyogenic granuloma
Authors: Ramirez José Ramón , Seoane Juan , Montero Juan , Esparza Gómez Germán C. , Cerero Rocio 
Published: September 2003

AbstractBackground: Oral metastatic tumours are uncommon and account for approximately 1% of malignant oral neoplasms.Results: If the cases where the oral location is in the jawbone, with secondary invasion to the oral soft tissue, are excluded, only 10 cases of gingival metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been previously reported in the literature. The clinicopathologic features of an HCC with gingival metastasis are reported. Six months after the multicentric HCC and alcoholic cirrhosis was diagnosed, a 65‐year‐old male patient presented a rapidly growing, lobulated and reddish exophytic lesion that was located in the gum in the incisal region of the upper jaw. The lesion was excised, and the final diagnosis of gingival metastasis of the HCC was established. Diagnostic investigations did not show any evidence of other metastatic lesions. This article describes a case with solitary metastasis from HCC in the gingiva, an event that, to our knowledge, has not been previously published.Conclusions: The clinical appearance of isolated gingival metastasis from HCC in the present case mimicked a pyogenic granuloma.
Salivary cystatin activity and cystatin C in experimental gingivitis in non‐smokers
Authors: Van Gils P. C. , Brand H. S. , Timmerman M. F. , Veerman E. C. I. , Van Der Velden U. , Van Der Weijden G. A. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractBackground: Subjects with natural gingivitis and periodontitis have elevated levels of salivary cystatins compared to periodontally healthy individuals. Experimental gingivitis studies, however, have yielded conflicting results.Aim: The present study investigated whether experimentally induced gingivitis is associated with changes in salivary cystatin levels.Material & Methods: Plaque scores, bleeding indexes and whole saliva samples of 35 non‐smoking young adults were collected at the start and at the end of an experimental gingivitis trial, and 3 weeks after resuming oral hygiene. The saliva samples were assayed for protein concentrations, cystatin activity and cystatin C concentration.Results: During experimental gingivitis, plaque and bleeding scores increased significantly in all subjects and subsequently decreased significantly after reinstalment of oral hygiene procedures. No significant changes were observed for the protein concentration, cystatin activity and cystatin C concentration. No significant relation could be established between these salivary parameters and bleeding on marginal probing.Conclusion: The present study confirms earlier results from Lie et al. (2001) that no significant changes occur in salivary cystatin activity and cystatin C concentration during and after experimental gingivitis.
Significance of intraoperative peritoneal culture of fungus in perforated peptic ulcer
Authors: Shan Y-S , Hsu H-P , Hsieh Y-H , Sy E D , Lee J-C , Lin P-W 
Published: September 2003

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of postoperative fungal infection is increasing and the gastrointestinal tract is the major source, but antifungal therapy in perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) is still controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the significance of intraoperative peritoneal fluid culture of fungus and establish the indications for treatment.MethodsBetween July 1997 and September 2001, all patients admitted with a PPU were studied. Clinical data and peritoneal fluid for culture were collected. Risk factors for a positive peritoneal fluid culture of fungus and outcome were evaluated, and related to the development of surgical site infection, duration of hospital stay and mortality rate.ResultsOne hundred and forty-five patients with a PPU were included; 63 (43·4 per cent) had positive peritoneal fluid fungal culture. Age, preoperative organ failure, delay in operation, high Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) and Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores, and preoperative antibiotic therapy were risk factors for a positive fungal culture. Sex and an MPI score of 20 or more remained significant in multivariate analysis (P &lt; 0·001). Patients with a positive fungal culture had a higher incidence of surgical site infection, a longer hospital stay and a significantly higher mortality rate, especially when this was combined with a high MPI score.ConclusionPositive peritoneal fungal culture was common and was a significant risk factor for adverse outcome in patients with a PPU. A high MPI score could be used as an indicator for prophylactic antifungal therapy.
Letter 1: Randomized clinical trial of ultrasonic versus electrocautery dissection of the gallbladder in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Br J Surg 2003; 90: 799-803)
Authors: Morino M 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses can be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk) or by post. All letters will be reviewed and, if approved, appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length. Letters submitted by post should be typed on A4-sized paper in double spacing and should be accompanied by a disk.
Cancer and Peutz‐Jeghers Syndrome: A Review
Authors: Ivanovich Jennifer L. , Whelan Alison J. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractPeutz‐Jeghers syndrome is a dominantly inherited polyposis syndrome characterized by hamartomatous polyps of the gastrointestinal tract and pigmented lesions of the skin. Since its description, much debate has centered on the true malignancy risk of Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome including malignancy within and outside the gastrointestinal tract. Rare tumors such as adenoma malignum of the cervix occur in Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome. Likewise, more common cancers occur at younger ages in Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome. Children may manifest symptoms of this disease including gastrointestinal complications and malignancy. The gene associated with this condition remains unidentified.
Retinoblastoma gene expression in human non‐melanoma skin cancer
Authors: Edwards Malcolm J. , Thomas R. C. , Wong Y. L. 
Published: August 2003

Background:  The aberrant expression of both the retinoblastoma and p53 tumor suppressor genes has been associated with more aggressive tumors, metastasis and lower survival.Methods:  We have evaluated immunohistochemically the expression of pRB in a panel of non‐melanoma skin cancers containing p53 somatic mutations.Results:  Nuclear anti‐p53 staining was detected in 18 (72%) differentiated squamous cell carcinomas, six (100%) undifferentiated squamous cell carcinomas and seven (28%) basal cell carcinomas. A correlation was observed between p53 expression and the proliferative activity of differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (P < 0.066), undifferentiated squamous cell carcinomas (P < 0.05) and basal cell carcinomas (P < 0.01). Tumors were selected for mutant p53 expression by PCR‐directed DNA sequencing and pRB expression measured immunohistochemically. Anti‐pRB reactivity was detected in the nuclei of basal and suprabasal layer cells of normal epidermis, and in the proliferative compartment of all the differentiated squamous cell carcinomas, and basal cell carcinomas. A correlation was observed between pRB expression and the proliferative activity of the differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (P < 0.01) and basal cell carcinomas (P < 0.025). However, anti‐pRB reactivity was not detected in the six anti‐p53 reactive undifferentiated squamous cell carcinomas.
Proliferating trichilemmal tumors: clinicopathologic evaluation is a guide to biologic behavior
Authors: Folpe Andrew L. , Reisenauer Amy K. , Mentzel Thomas , Rütten Arno , Solomon Alvin R. 
Published: August 2003

Background:  Trichilemmal (pilar) cysts are common skin lesions that usually occur on the scalp of elderly women. They differentiate towards the follicular outer root sheath epithelium and show trichilemmal keratinization. Proliferating trichilemmal tumor (PTT) shows features of typical pilar cyst, but additionally shows extensive epithelial proliferation, variable cytologic atypia and mitotic activity. The malignant potential of PTT is controversial, as only a small number of histologically malignant PTTs and a smaller number of clinically malignant PTTs have been reported.Methods:  We retrieved from our archives five PTTs that deviated from ordinary PTTs with regards to either cytology or architecture. We also reviewed all previous reports of histologically malignant PTTs, with the goal of delineating criteria for the diagnosis of malignant PTTs.Results:  Five cases of PTT showing atypical cytoarchitectural features were retrieved from our archives and reviewed with respect to size, growth pattern, cellularity, cytologic atypia, and mitotic activity. The patients (four female, one male) ranged from 54 to 83 (mean 65) years. The tumors measured from 1 to 16 cm in diameter (mean 5 cm) and four out of five occurred on the scalp. All tumors showed at least focal areas of typical PTTs. Three cases were circumscribed but had areas of moderate to focally marked cytologic atypia. Two cases showed infiltrative growth, marked cytologic atypia and mitotic activity. Clinical follow‐up was available for four of five cases and ranged from 6 to 84 (median 48) months. Follow‐up showed two cases with local recurrence and one case with distant metastasis. This last patient died of disease; all other patients are disease‐free.Conclusions:  Review of our cases and the published literature suggests that the diagnosis of malignant PTT be given to PTT showing a combination of non‐scalp location, recent rapid growth, size greater than 5 cm, infiltrative growth, and significant cytologic atypia with mitotic activity. At the present time the stratification of malignant PTT into low‐ and high‐grade categories is not possible.
Cutaneous metastasis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx: report of a case
Authors: Ottinetti A. , Colombo E. , Dardano F. , Migliora P. , Picciotto F. , Zaccagna A. , Angeli G. 
Published: August 2003

Background:  Cutaneous metastasis from neuroendocrine carcinomas of visceral origin is rarely described in indexed literature. The primary sites of origin include: lung (Wick et al., J Am Acad Dermatol 1985; 13: 134), larynx (Zambruno et al., Ann Dermatol Venereol 1989; 116: 855; Schmidt et al., J Laryngol Otol 1994; 108: 272; Guerzider et al., Ann Pathol 1991; 11 (4): 253), mediastinum (Yoshimasu et al., J Dermatol 2001; 28 (3): 168), uterus (Fogaca et al., J Cutan Pathol 1993; 20: 455), and thymus (Wick et al., J Am Acad Dermatol 1985; 13: 134).Methods:  In this report, the authors present the clinical, histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural characteristics of secondary skin localizations of a neuroendocrine laryngeal tumor that occurred in a 61‐year‐old man. The complete follow up of the case is described and a brief revision of the terminology and classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx is discussed, since a significant relationship exists between the degree of differentiation and biological behavior.Results:  On histological examination, the secondary cutaneous localization appeared to be more dedifferentiated compared to the primary tumor. The immunohistochemical patterns of reactivity were similar in both neoplasms, showing expression of neuroendocrine and epithelial markers.Conclusions:  An important issue of prognostic significance is to differentiate a cutaneous metastasis of a neuroendocrine carcinoma from the primary small cell‐undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin (Merkel cell carcinoma).
Primary purely intradermal pleomorphic liposarcoma
Authors: Val‐Bernal J. Fernando , González‐Vela M. Carmen , Cuevas Jorge 
Published: August 2003

Introduction:  Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) is a high‐grade pleomorphic sarcoma, containing multivacuolated lipoblasts, which usually develops during late adult life. It usually occurs in the deep soft tissues and uncommonly arises in the subcutis, the dermis representing an exceedingly rare site of occurrence.Methods:  We describe a case of PLPS arising in the dorsal aspect of the nose of a 75‐year‐old woman. Preoperative duration was 9 months.Results:  The lesion was intradermal well‐circumscribed, dome‐shaped, measuring 1.2 cm. It fulfilled the histologic criteria for inclusion in the PLPS category. The tumor cells focally expressed calretinin. A review of the literature yielded four cases documented, to which we add the present report. All the patients were adults with a mean age of 67 (range 39–95) years, and three of five cases arose on the scalp. Local recurrence occurred in one patient, but no distant metastases or disease‐related deaths were observed.Conclusion:  PLPS very rarely arises in the dermis. In spite of high‐grade morphology, the intradermal tumor shows a relatively favorable prognosis. Diagnostic consideration includes pleomorphic lipoma, clear cell atypical fibroxanthoma, balloon cell melanoma, and metastatic clear cell carcinoma of renal origin. Recognition of this distinctive and rare type of liposarcoma is essential to avoid under‐ or misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
Improved detection of clonality in cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas using laser capture microdissection
Authors: Yazdi Amir S. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Puchta Ursula , Thaller Eva , Flaig Michael J. , Sander Christian A. 
Published: August 2003

Background:  The diagnosis of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma is a challenge for both the pathologist and the clinician. This is particularly true for distinguishing early‐stage mycosis fungoides from dermatitis. In this clinical setting, the presence of a clonal T‐cell population supports lymphoma.Methods:  Usually, routinely processed paraffin‐embedded material is available for gene rearrangement analysis, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based methods to assess clonality can be performed. One drawback of this approach is that sensitivity is suboptimal in biopsy specimens in which the lymphocytic infiltrate represents only a small percentage of all cells present. Another drawback is that DNA extraction from routinely processed, paraffin‐embedded tissue is a time‐consuming and labor‐intensive procedure which can take up to 5 days in our laboratory. To bypass these problems, we used laser capture microdissection (LCM) to obtain lymphocytic infiltrates from tissue sections of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded skin biopsy specimens. This approach allows for more specific PCR assessment of the lymphocytic infiltrate and for rapid DNA extraction and PCR analysis.Results:  Using the LCM approach, we could demonstrate clonal T‐cell receptor γ gene rearrangements in biopsy specimens that did not show clonality using DNA extracted by conventional methods from full tissue sections. In addition, DNA extraction and PCR analysis can be performed in 11 h.Conclusion:  In conclusion, applying LCM to clonality analysis of cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrates is rapid and more sensitive than conventional methods, and we recommend introducing this approach into the routine diagnostic setting.
Epidermal basaloid proliferation in cutaneous myxomas
Authors: Mehregan Darius R. , Thomas Laura , Thomas Jean E. 
Published: August 2003

Background:  Basaloid epidermal proliferations, which histologically resemble basal cell carcinoma, have been described overlying dermatofibromas. Several etiologies have been proposed. Cutaneous myxomas are also benign mesynchymal tumors.Purpose:  Basaloid proliferations have been noted overlying cutaneous myxomas. We have undertaken a study to attempt to differentiate whether these are basal cell carcinomas or benign basaloid proliferations.Methods:  Thirty cases of cutaneous myxomas were included in this study. The lesions were stained with hematoxylin–eosin and alcian blue. Immunohistochemical staining for both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF‐r) and p53 protein was performed on the cutaneous myxomas with epidermal basaloid proliferation.Results:  Of the 30 cases of cutaneous myxomas, nine were found to have an associated overlying basaloid proliferation. The basaloid proliferations were limited to the epidermis overlying the myxoid changes within the dermis. Mitotic figures were rare. Staining for p53 protein showed scattered positive staining in the basal cells in both the basaloid proliferations and adjacent epidermis. EGF‐r showed positive staining of the overlying epidermis and basaloid proliferation in five cases.Conclusions:  We report basaloid proliferations overlying cutaneous myxomas and propose that these represent benign adnexal proliferations rather than superficial basal cell carcinoma and are analogous to the basaloid proliferations overlying dermatofibromas.
Automated kappa and lambda light chain mRNA expression for the assessment of B‐cell clonality in cutaneous B‐cell infiltrates: its utility and diagnostic application
Authors: Magro Cynthia , Crowson A. Neil , Porcu Pierluigi , Nuovo Gerard J. 
Published: August 2003

Introduction:  Primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma (1°CBCL) accounts for 25% of all lymphomas. The difficulty in distinction of reactive from neoplastic B‐cell infiltrates prompts the use of molecular diagnostic adjuncts. While T‐cell clonality can be seen in various reactive states, clonal B‐cell infiltrates are often neoplastic; standard assays employed include polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or Southern blot analysis to assess heavy chain rearrangement. We sought to assess the utility of kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) mRNA expression using the Ventana automated assay (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ, USA) in the analysis of atypical cutaneous B‐cell lymphoid infiltrates.Materials and methods:  Multiple 4 µm sections of paraffin‐embedded, formalin‐fixed skin biopsies from 31 patients with CBCL were placed on silane‐coated slides, deparaffinized, then digested in pepsin (5 mg/ml) for 30 min at 37°C. Fluorescein‐tagged oligoprobes and tissue mRNA were denatured at 80°C for 5 min, hybridized for 2 h at 37°C, and incubated with antifluorescein alkaline phosphatase conjugates. Detection of the probe target complex employed nitroblue tetrazolium and bromochloroindolyl phosphate conjugates with a nuclear fast red counterstain. A κ : λ ratio > 3 : 1 was held to represent κ light chain restriction and a κ : λ ratio ≤ 1 : 1 to indicate λ light chain restriction.Results:  The diagnosis in each case was determined by careful integration of clinical, histologic, and phenotypic data. The diagnoses included: pseudolymphoma (PL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), 1°CBCL of the trunk, scalp or leg, 2° lymphoma, and plasma cell dyscrasia. All but one case of lymphoma were light chain restricted. All cases of PL were proven to be polyclonal by this methodology. In non‐plasmacytic small cell lymphomas, only 5–10% of the infiltrate expressed κ or λ, with clonality established through the abnormal κ : λ ratio. Interpretations were most difficult in the 2° small cell‐dominant follicular center cell lymphomas and easiest in cases with significant plasmacytic differentiation (i.e. MZL, immunocytomas, or plasma cell dyscrasias).Conclusion:  The Ventana κ/λ assay is a reliable, quick, and inexpensive way to determine B‐cell clonality in cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates in paraffin‐embedded formalin‐fixed tissue.
Assessment of the usefulness of skin phototype and skin color as the parameter of cutaneous narrow band UVB sensitivity in psoriasis patients
Authors: Youn Jai Il , Park Je Young , Jo Seong Jin , Rim Jong Hyun , Choe Yong Beom 
Published: August 2003

Background: Many reports have been released to assess skin types, skin colors and cutaneous sensitivity to broad band UVB or UVA.Objective: This study was performed to investigate the usefulness of skin type and skin color as the parameter of narrow band UVB (NBUVB) sensitivity.Methods: The minimal erythema dose (MED) of 40 psoriasis patients was investigated by irradiating several doses ranging from 200 to 1500 mJ/cm2. Before phototesting, the skin color of buttock was measured with a tristimulus colorimeter.Results: The median and mode value of MED of NBUVB was 950 mJ/cm2. Skin type was well correlated with the MED and there was a significant relationship between the L* value and MED, but not for the a* and b* values.Conclusion: The MED value of NBUVB in our study is a basic data to set the phototherapy protocol. Our result showed that skin type and L* value might be useful for predicting the sensitivity to NBUVB irradiation.