bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wastepaper fiber‐reinforced concrete containing metakaolin: Effect on fracture behavior
Authors: Rezaei Shahmirzadi Mohsen , Gholampour Aliakbar , Hosseini Seyed Amirhossein , Ngo Tuan D. , Nematzadeh Mahdi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlasterboard, a commonly utilized construction material, comprises a gypsum core nestled between two paper layers. Gypsum after demolition of plasterboards is a recyclable waste that has been reused into new plasterboard or other purposes such as agricultural products. However, there is a lack of understanding on the potential for recycling the paper layers. This study investigates the use of wastepaper fibers, obtained from the paper layers, as a reinforcing material and metakaolin as a partial cement replacement material in concrete. This study demonstrates the ability of the paper from waste plasterboard for reinforcing concrete. Wastepaper fibers were used at different concentrations ranging from 0 to 2.5% by weight of binder. Bending test was conducted for assessing fracture behavior of concretes, including load bearing capacity, modulus of rupture, crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) at the load bearing capacity, fracture toughness, and fracture energy. Slump, axial compression, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also conducted on the concretes. It is found that incorporating wastepaper fiber by up to an optimum content of 1.5% results in an increase in the compressive strength (57%), flexural load bearing capacity and modulus of rupture (31%), CMOD displacement at load capacity (14%), fracture toughness (37%), and fracture energy (73%) of the metakaolin‐based concrete. However, further increase in the wastepaper fiber content results in decreased mechanical properties of the concrete, which is due to the fiber agglomeration and non‐uniform distribution within the concrete matrix. Based on the results, the concrete with 20% metakaolin and 1.5% wastepaper fiber experiences similar mechanical properties to the conventional concrete. The results of this study underscore the substantial potential of leveraging waste materials such as wastepaper and by‐products like metakaolin to diminish reliance on conventional cement. This approach not only enhances the mechanical properties of concrete but also fosters sustainable building practices by promoting the recycling of waste materials, reducing carbon footprint, and mitigating the environmental impacts inherent in traditional concrete production.
“That's a Third Rail Issue” UsingLGBTQ+ Children's Literature as Backup to Counter Pushback
Authors: Wargo Jon M. , Giunco Kierstin , Smith Kyle 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOffering insights from a research–practice partnership, we examine how five pre‐K–6 teachers discussed using LGBTQ+‐inclusive children's literature as backup to counter curricular censorship and community pushback.
Anatomical and physiological diagnostic discrepancies in fetuses with single‐ventricle congenital heart disease in a contemporary cohort
Authors: Patel T. , Kreeger J. , Sachdeva R. , Border W. , Michelfelder E. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveImage quality of fetal echocardiography (FE) has improved in the recent era, but few recent studies have reported the accuracy of FE, specifically in single ventricle (SV) congenital heart disease (CHD). This study aimed to assess the ability of FE to correctly predict SV‐CHD postnatal anatomy and physiology in a contemporary cohort.MethodsThe contemporary clinical reports of patients with SV‐CHD, in which FE was performed between July 2017 and July 2021, were compared with postnatal echocardiograms from a formal quality assurance program. SV fetuses were grouped by anatomical subtype. Diagnostic errors were designated as major if the error would have caused significant alteration in parental counseling or postnatal management. The remaining errors were classified as minor. Physiological discrepancies, including prostaglandin‐E (PGE) dependency, atrioventricular valve regurgitation (AVVR), pulmonary venous obstruction and restrictive atrial septum (RAS), were assessed by chart review of the postnatal course.ResultsA total of 119 subjects were analyzed. SV subtypes in the cohort included hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) (n = 68), tricuspid atresia (n = 16), double‐inlet left ventricle (n = 12), unbalanced atrioventricular canal (UAVC) (n = 11), heterotaxy (n = 9) and other (n = 3). The rate of major anatomical and physiological errors was low (n = 6 (5.0%)). A higher proportion of minor errors was noted in HLHS and tricuspid atresia, but the differences were not statistically significant. Physiological discrepancies were uncommon, with three major discrepancies, including underestimation of the degree of venous obstruction in one non‐HLHS fetus with total anomalous pulmonary venous return, overestimation of RAS in one HLHS fetus and incorrect prediction of PGE dependency in one case false‐negative for pulmonary blood flow. No discrepancy in degree of AVVR or RAS affected postnatal care. Minor physiological discrepancies included two false‐positive predictions of PGE dependency with one false‐positive for ductal‐dependent systemic flow and one false‐positive for pulmonary blood flow.ConclusionsIn this contemporary review of FE at our center, there was high accuracy in describing anatomical and physiological findings in SV‐CHD. Major physiological discrepancies were uncommon but included important cases of false‐negative prediction of PGE dependency and underestimation of obstruction of total anomalous pulmonary venous return. These data can inform more accurate counseling of families with SV‐CHD fetuses and guide diagnostic improvement efforts. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Primary colorectal follicular lymphoma in a Savannah cat
Authors: Paraschou Georgios , Kemper Regina Toser , Fairs James Alexander Kjelland , Kiupel Matti 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLymphoma is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in cats. Historically, most feline lymphomas were associated with feline leukaemia virus infection, but due to routine vaccination against the virus, especially in developed countries, feline leukaemia virus‐associated cases are dramatically reduced in numbers. More recently, the most common lymphoma in cats is intestinal lymphoma, with most common type being the enteropathy‐associated T‐cell lymphomas. Follicular lymphoma is recognised in cats, but is very uncommon. Primary colorectal follicular lymphoma is rare in humans and has been reported in three dogs. In this case report, we describe a primary colorectal lymphoma with histological and immunohistochemical features of a follicular lymphoma in a Savannah cat. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report of a primary colorectal follicular lymphoma in cats, and differential diagnosis of tumours in the colorectal area in cats should include follicular lymphoma.
Investigating the effects of three trace metals on the viability, embryonic development, and locomotor behavior of the Seminole ramshorn snail at environmentally relevant concentrations
Authors: Tanner Talia , Giancarlo Leanna , Frankel Tyler 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTrace metal contamination is a widespread issue due to its many natural and anthropogenic sources and known carcinogenic, teratogenic, and reproductive effects. As previous invertebrate trace metal research has primarily focused on model species (Daphnia magna, Chironomidae, etc.), our understanding of effects on non‐model invertebrate species remains relatively poor. As such, this study assessed the exposure effects of cadmium, arsenic, and lead on viability, locomotor behavior, and embryonic development of the Seminole ramshorn snail (Planorbella duryi). Exposure treatments of CdCl2, Na2HAsO4 • 7H2O, or Pb (NO3)2 were prepared at concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L and confirmed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES). Individual adult P. duryi were exposed for 7 days with viability assessed every 24 h, and locomotor behavior was accessed on Days 1 and 7 using ToxTrac v2.97 automated behavior software. Individual embryos from newly laid (<6 h old) embryonic clutches were exposed for 10 days, during which embryonic development stage was documented every 24 h. Based on our results, an additional follow‐up study for cadmium was conducted using a lower range of 0–0.1 mg/L to allow for the observation of sublethal endpoints. Adult lead and cadmium exposure resulted in significant mortality in the highest treatments (1 and 10 mg/L), dose‐dependent behavioral effects, and delayed embryonic development. Arsenic exposures resulted in little to no impacts for all assessed endpoints. Our results provide new insight into the sublethal impacts of these contaminants and highlight potential for behavior and embryonic development as useful tools for risk assessment.Practitioner Points
The exposure effects of lead, cadmium, and arsenic on the viability, embryonic development, and locomotor behavior of a common freshwater snail species was investigated using environmentally relevant concentrations.
The severity of impact differed for each trace metal, with cadmium being the most toxic and arsenic the least toxic at concentrations ranging from 0 to 10 mg/L.
Embryonic development appeared to be the most sensitive endpoint of those tested in this study, suggesting that exposure may have prolonged effects that extend to population and community levels.
The Seminole ramshorn snail serves as a sensitive alternative model species that can be used to assess the impacts of contaminants on freshwater invertebrates in future studies.
Transcription as source of genetic heterogeneity in budding yeast
Authors: Piguet Baptiste , Houseley Jonathan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTranscription presents challenges to genome stability both directly, by altering genome topology and exposing single‐stranded DNA to chemical insults and nucleases, and indirectly by introducing obstacles to the DNA replication machinery. Such obstacles include the RNA polymerase holoenzyme itself, DNA‐bound regulatory factors, G‐quadruplexes and RNA‐DNA hybrid structures known as R‐loops. Here, we review the detrimental impacts of transcription on genome stability in budding yeast, as well as the mitigating effects of transcription‐coupled nucleotide excision repair and of systems that maintain DNA replication fork processivity and integrity. Interactions between DNA replication and transcription have particular potential to induce mutation and structural variation, but we conclude that such interactions must have only minor effects on DNA replication by the replisome with little if any direct mutagenic outcome. However, transcription can significantly impair the fidelity of replication fork rescue mechanisms, particularly Break Induced Replication, which is used to restart collapsed replication forks when other means fail. This leads to de novo mutations, structural variation and extrachromosomal circular DNA formation that contribute to genetic heterogeneity, but only under particular conditions and in particular genetic contexts, ensuring that the bulk of the genome remains extremely stable despite the seemingly frequent interactions between transcription and DNA replication.
A thermal product formula
Authors: Dodelson Matthew , Iossa Cristoforo , Karlsson Robin , Zhiboedov Alexander 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We show that holographic thermal two-sided two-point correlators take the form of a product over quasi-normal modes (QNMs). Due to this fact, the two-point function admits a natural dispersive representation with a positive discontinuity at the location of QNMs. We explore the general constraints on the structure of QNMs that follow from the operator product expansion, the presence of the singularity inside the black hole, and the hydrodynamic expansion of the correlator. We illustrate these constraints through concrete examples. We suggest that the product formula for thermal correlators may hold for more general large N chaotic systems, and we check this hypothesis in several models.
Renormalization of a Standard Model extension with a Dark Abelian Sector and predictions for the W-boson mass
Authors: Dittmaier Stefan , Rehberg Jonas , Rzehak Heidi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The described Dark Abelian Sector Model (DASM) extends the Standard Model (SM) by a “dark” sector containing a spontaneously broken U(1)d gauge group. Keeping this dark sector quite generic we only add one additional Higgs boson, one Dirac fermion, and right-handed SM-like neutrinos to the SM. Using the only two singlet operators of the SM with dimension less than 4 (the U(1)Y field-strength tensor and the SM Higgs mass operator |Φ|2) as well as the right-handed neutrino fields we open up three portals to the dark sector. Dark sectors, such as the one of the DASM, that introduce an additional Higgs boson H as well as an additional Z′ gauge boson can have a large influence on the predictions for electroweak precision observables and even accommodate possible dark matter candidates. We consider one of the two Higgs bosons to be the known 125 GeV Higgs boson and parameterize the extension of the scalar sector by the mass of the second Higgs boson, the Higgs mixing angle, and a Higgs self-coupling. We do not assume any mass hierarchy in the gauge sector and use the mass of the additional Z′ boson and a corresponding gauge-boson mixing angle to parameterize the extension of the gauge sector. The fermion sector is parameterized by the mass of the additional fermion and a fermion mixing angle. We describe an on-shell as well as an $$ \overline{\textrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

renormalization scheme for the DASM sectors and give explicit results for the renormalization constants at the 1-loop level, and, thus, prepare the ground for full NLO predictions for collider observables in the DASM. As a first example, we provide the DASM prediction for the W-boson mass derived from muon decay.
Consistent truncation of eleven-dimensional supergravity on S8 × S1
Authors: Bossard Guillaume , Ciceri Franz , Inverso Gianluca , Kleinschmidt Axel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Eleven-dimensional supergravity on S8 × S1 is conjectured to be dual to the M-theory matrix model. We prove that the dynamics of a subset of fluctuations around this background is consistently described by D = 2 SO(9) gauged maximal supergravity. We provide the full non-linear uplift formulæ for all bosonic fields. We also present a further truncation to the SO(3)×SO(6) invariant sector and discuss its relation to the BMN matrix model at finite temperature. The construction relies on the framework of generalised Scherk-Schwarz reductions, established for E9 exceptional field theory in a companion paper. As a by-product, we severely constrain the most general gauge deformations in D = 2 admitting an uplift to higher dimensions.
A mini review on optimal reactive power dispatch incorporating renewable energy sources and flexible alternating current transmission system
Authors: Adegoke Samson Ademola , Sun Yanxia , Wang Zenghui , Stephen Oladipo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe electrical power system (EPS) has been heavily stressed due to high load demand. It operates close to the total capacity limits, resulting in voltage instability that can lead to voltage collapse. In this regard, incorporating flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices and renewable energy sources (RESs) to obtain the optimum values of the generator voltage, reactive compensation, and transformer tab in optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) is essential in increasing the reliability and safety of the system. ORPD involves discrete and continuous variables, which are nonlinear, noncontinuous, non-convex, and complex problems. The objective functions of ORPD are reduction in active power loss (Ploss), voltage deviation, and voltage profile enhancement. This paper presents a recent advancement of the ORPD problem, mathematical formulation of the objectives function, and a summary of various metaheuristic optimization methods (single and hybrid) used to solve the ORPD problems. The hybrid method combines two or more methods to improve the demerits of one method to obtain a quality solution to a problem. This review covered incorporating FACTS devices and RESs used in solving the ORPD problem to reduce the active Ploss and improve the voltage profile in the EPS. The benefits of FACTS devices and RESs are also discussed. Also, various metaheuristic algorithms (single, modified, and hybrid) employed to solve the ORPD problem were discussed. The future direction for researchers in this field was provided to give insight into the applicability and performance. Overall, this research explores different techniques used in solving ORPD problems from the optimization point of view to incorporating RESs and FACTS devices to obtain quality solutions. Some existing methods do not guarantee an optimum solution, but incorporating RESs and FACTS devices will help attain the best solution to the problem for better power system operation to improve system reliability and voltage profile. Based on the review journal, it can be concluded that hybrid techniques offer efficient quality solutions to the ORPD problem.
Aspergillus oryzae PrtR alters transcription of individual peptidase genes in response to the growth environment
Authors: Numazawa Rika , Tanaka Yukako , Nishioka Sawako , Tsuji Ryotaro , Maeda Hiroshi , Tanaka Mizuki , Takeuchi Michio , Yamagata Youhei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aspergillus oryzae PrtR is an ortholog of the transcription factor PrtT, which positively regulates the transcription of extracellular peptidase genes in Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus. To identify the genes under the control of PrtR and elucidate its regulatory mechanism in A. oryzae, prtR gene disruption mutants were generated. The control strain clearly showed a halo on media containing skim milk as the nitrogen source, whereas the ΔprtR strain formed a smaller halo. Measurement of acid peptidase activity revealed that approximately 84% of acidic endopeptidase and 86% of carboxypeptidase activities are positively regulated by PrtR. As the transcription of the prtR gene varied depending on culture conditions, especially with or without a protein substrate, it was considered that its transcription would be regulated in response to a nitrogen source. In addition, contrary to previous expectations, PrtR was found to act both in promoting and repressing the transcription of extracellular peptidase genes. The mode of regulation varied from gene to gene. Some genes were regulated in the same manner in both liquid and solid cultures, whereas others were regulated in different ways depending on the culture conditions. Furthermore, PrtR has been suggested to regulate the transcription of peptidase genes that are closely associated with other transcription factors.

Key points
• Almost all peptidase genes in Aspergillus oryzae are positively regulated by PrtR
• However, several genes are regulated negatively by PrtR
• PrtR optimizes transcription of peptidase genes in response to culture conditions
Characterization of Tau95 led to the identification of a four-subunit TFIIIC complex in trypanosomatid parasites
Authors: Mondragón-Rosas Fabiola , Florencio-Martínez Luis E. , Villa-Delavequia Gino S. , Manning-Cela Rebeca G. , Carrero Julio C. , Nepomuceno-Mejía Tomás , Martínez-Calvillo Santiago 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
RNA polymerase III (RNAP III) synthetizes small essential non-coding RNA molecules such as tRNAs and 5S rRNA. In yeast and vertebrates, RNAP III needs general transcription factors TFIIIA, TFIIIB, and TFIIIC to initiate transcription. TFIIIC, composed of six subunits, binds to internal promoter elements in RNAP III-dependent genes. Limited information is available about RNAP III transcription in the trypanosomatid protozoa Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania major, which diverged early from the eukaryotic lineage. Analyses of the first published draft of the trypanosomatid genome sequences failed to recognize orthologs of any of the TFIIIC subunits, suggesting that this transcription factor is absent in these parasites. However, a putative TFIIIC subunit was recently annotated in the databases. Here we characterize this subunit in T. brucei and L. major and demonstrate that it corresponds to Tau95. In silico analyses showed that both proteins possess the typical Tau95 sequences: the DNA binding region and the dimerization domain. As anticipated for a transcription factor, Tau95 localized to the nucleus in insect forms of both parasites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays demonstrated that Tau95 binds to tRNA and U2 snRNA genes in T. brucei. Remarkably, by performing tandem affinity purifications we identified orthologs of TFIIIC subunits Tau55, Tau131, and Tau138 in T. brucei and L. major. Thus, contrary to what was assumed, trypanosomatid parasites do possess a TFIIIC complex. Other putative interacting partners of Tau95 were identified in T. brucei and L. major.

Key points
• A four-subunit TFIIIC complex is present in T. brucei and L. major
• TbTau95 associates with tRNA and U2 snRNA genes
• Putative interacting partners of Tau95 might include some RNAP II regulators
Within-host genomic evolution of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in long-term carriers
Authors: Larsen Tine Graakjær , Samaniego Castruita Jose Alfredo , Worning Peder , Westh Henrik , Bartels Mette Damkjær 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Assessing the genomic evolution of Staphylococcus aureus can help us understand how the bacteria adapt to its environment. In this study, we aimed to assess the mutation rate within 144 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriers with a carriage time from 4 to 11 years, including some carriers who belonged to the same households. We found that 23 of the 144 individuals had completely different MRSA types over time and were therefore not long-term carriers of the same MRSA. From the remaining 121 individuals, we performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on 424 isolates and then compared these pairwise using core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses. We found a median within-host mutation rate in long-term MRSA carriers of 4.9 (3.4–6.9) SNPs/genome/year and 2.7 (1.8–4.2) allelic differences/genome/year, when excluding presumed recombination. Furthermore, we stratified the cohort into subgroups and found no significant difference between the median mutation rate of members of households, individuals with presumed continued exposure, e.g., from travel and persons without known continued exposure. Finally, we found that SNPs occurred at random within the genes in our cohort.

Key points
• Median mutation rate within long-term MRSA carriers of 4.9 (3.4–6.9) SNPs/genome/year
• Similar median mutation rates in subgroups (households, travelers)
• No hotspots for SNPs within the genome