bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic variability, characters association and principal component study for morphological and fodder quality of Opuntia and Nopalea sp. in India
Authors: Dev Rahul , Mangalassery Shamsudheen , Dayal Devi , Louhaichi Mounir , Hassan Sawsan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA morphological and quality analysis of 64 global core collections of cactus genotypes was conducted using 30 growth and fodder quality traits. Results indicated a high coefficient of variation for primary cladode perimeter (91.0%), root fresh weight (50.8%), and number of cladodes per plant (47.7%). The length, width, and thickness of the primary cladode ranged between 14.4 to 53.9 cm, 5.0 to 13.7 cm, and 1.5 to 4.3 cm, respectively. Principal component analysis showed a 77.6% variation in the first 10 major components with an eigenvalue > 1.0. The first and second principal components explained 18.5% and 14.8% of the total variation, respectively. The fresh weight of the shoot was positively correlated with the dry weight of the shoot (0.72), dry weight of the root (0.48), root length (0.38), and fresh weight of primary cladodes (0.29). The dendrogram obtained using a Ward analysis confirmed the results of the PCA analysis. The cactus pear accessions were grouped into four major clusters with a further four sub-clusters, containing 6, 26, 17 and 15 genotypes, respectively. Genotypes, CAZRI-Kukma, Clone 1308, Jalpa, Mexico Unknown, Trunzara Bianca Bronte, Copena F1, CAZRI Botanical Garden, Piantra-25 and IPA-90-18 are positioned at a wider angle and are more diverse and useful genotypes for use as parent populations for developing new genotypes in future breeding programs.
Finding a needle in a haystack: insights on feature selection for classification tasks
Authors: Morán-Fernández Laura , Bolón-Canedo Verónica 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe growth of Big Data has resulted in an overwhelming increase in the volume of data available, including the number of features. Feature selection, the process of selecting relevant features and discarding irrelevant ones, has been successfully used to reduce the dimensionality of datasets. However, with numerous feature selection approaches in the literature, determining the best strategy for a specific problem is not straightforward. In this study, we compare the performance of various feature selection approaches to a random selection to identify the most effective strategy for a given type of problem. We use a large number of datasets to cover a broad range of real-world challenges. We evaluate the performance of seven popular feature selection approaches and five classifiers. Our findings show that feature selection is a valuable tool in machine learning and that correlation-based feature selection is the most effective strategy regardless of the scenario. Additionally, we found that using improper thresholds with ranker approaches produces results as poor as randomly selecting a subset of features.
Modal Information Logics: Axiomatizations and Decidability
Authors: Knudstorp Søren Brinck 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present paper studies formal properties of so-called modal information logics (MILs)—modal logics first proposed in (van Benthem 1996) as a way of using possible-worlds semantics to model a theory of information. They do so by extending the language of propositional logic with a binary modality defined in terms of being the supremum of two states. First proposed in 1996, MILs have been around for some time, yet not much is known: (van Benthem 2017, 2019) pose two central open problems, namely (1) axiomatizing the two basic MILs of suprema on preorders and posets, respectively, and (2) proving (un)decidability. The main results of the first part of this paper are solving these two problems: (1) by providing an axiomatization [with a completeness proof entailing the two logics to be the same], and (2) by proving decidability. In the proof of the latter, an emphasis is put on the method applied as a heuristic for proving decidability ‘via completeness’ for semantically introduced logics; the logics lack the FMP w.r.t. their classes of definition, but not w.r.t. a generalized class. These results are build upon to axiomatize and prove decidable the MILs attained by endowing the language with an ‘informational implication’—in doing so a link is also made to the work of (Buszkowski 2021) on the Lambek Calculus.
Catechin Composition, Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Properties of Commercially-Available Bagged, Gunpowder, and Matcha Green Teas
Authors: Meyer Bailey R. , White Haley M. , McCormack Jared D. , Niemeyer Emily D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant are used to produce many different types of teas, and green tea is particularly noted for its health promoting properties which are attributed to high concentrations of phenolic compounds known as catechins. Green tea is available in forms such as bagged, gunpowder (rolled leaf), and matcha, a fine powder. This study evaluated the phenolic content, catechin composition, caffeine concentration, and antioxidant properties of fifteen commercially-available green teas with an emphasis on identifying differences between ceremonial and culinary matcha. Gunpowder and bagged green teas had higher total phenolic contents and greater CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity) and ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) antioxidant capacities than matcha teas. Among matcha samples, less expensive culinary teas had greater total phenolic contents and higher antioxidant capacities than ceremonial products. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to determine similarities and differences in catechin composition and revealed that bagged and gunpowder green teas had the highest levels of the stereoisomers epi/catechin gallate, which correlated with their strong antioxidant properties. Bagged and gunpowder teas were the lowest cost products in this study, indicating that they are an economical choice for consumers who want a green tea beverage with high catechin content, although they generally had lower caffeine levels than matcha.
KCl, KNO3, and Annealing for Modifying the Morphology and Properties of Ca-P Layers on Mg Alloy
Authors: Cesarz-Andraczke Katarzyna , Paczuła Daria , Nuckowski Paweł M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of the work was to obtain a dense and uniform calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coating on the studied magnesium (Mg) alloy using simple methods that are easy to implement on an industrial scale. In this work, Ca-P layers were prepared on the surface of a Mg alloy. The simple wet chemical method based on immersion in an aqueous solution was used to prepare the Ca-P layer on the Mg alloy (AM60) surface. The effect of chemical modification by potassium chloride (KCl) and potassium nitrate (KNO3), as well as annealing on the morphology of the phosphate layers on the AM60 alloy, was determined, as well as the impact of this layer on the evolution of hydrogen in Ringer’s solution. The addition of KCl and KNO3 to the phosphating bath caused coagulation and agglomeration of the elements of the Ca-P coating. Consequently, the flake structure of the Ca-P coating changes into two types of structures: chrysanthemum and rhombohedral. Annealing at 150 °C for 3 h allows one to obtain a dense and uniform Ca-P coating on the studied Mg alloy. The Ca-P coating obtained by annealing at 150 °C can greatly decrease the hydrogen evolution rate of AM60 alloy in Ringer’s solution to 0.02 ml/cm2/day, which is similar to the safe amount of hydrogen for the human body (H2 ≈ 0.01 ml/cm2/day).
Guidelines for Neuroprognostication in Critically Ill Adults with Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Hwang David Y. , Kim Keri S. , Muehlschlegel Susanne , Wartenberg Katja E. , Rajajee Venkatakrishna , Alexander Sheila A. , Busl Katharina M. , Creutzfeldt Claire J. , Fontaine Gabriel V. , Hocker Sara E. , Madzar Dominik , Mahanes Dea , Mainali Shraddha , Sakowitz Oliver W. , Varelas Panayiotis N. , Weimar Christian , Westermaier Thomas , Meixensberger Jürgen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The objective of this document is to provide recommendations on the formal reliability of major clinical predictors often associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) neuroprognostication.

Methods
A narrative systematic review was completed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology and the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, Timing, Setting questions. Predictors, which included both individual clinical variables and prediction models, were selected based on clinical relevance and attention in the literature. Following construction of the evidence profile and summary of findings, recommendations were based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria. Good practice statements addressed essential principles of neuroprognostication that could not be framed in the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, Timing, Setting format.

Results
Six candidate clinical variables and two clinical grading scales (the original ICH score and maximally treated ICH score) were selected for recommendation creation. A total of 347 articles out of 10,751 articles screened met our eligibility criteria. Consensus statements of good practice included deferring neuroprognostication—aside from the most clinically devastated patients—for at least the first 48–72 h of intensive care unit admission; understanding what outcomes would have been most valued by the patient; and counseling of patients and surrogates whose ultimate neurological recovery may occur over a variable period of time. Although many clinical variables and grading scales are associated with ICH poor outcome, no clinical variable alone or sole clinical grading scale was suggested by the panel as currently being reliable by itself for use in counseling patients with ICH and their surrogates, regarding functional outcome at 3 months and beyond or 30-day mortality.

Conclusions
These guidelines provide recommendations on the formal reliability of predictors of poor outcome in the context of counseling patients with ICH and surrogates and suggest broad principles of neuroprognostication. Clinicians formulating their judgments of prognosis for patients with ICH should avoid anchoring bias based solely on any one clinical variable or published clinical grading scale.
Underground Geodiversity of Italian Show Caves: an Overview
Authors: Sanna Laura , Chiarini Veronica , De Waele Jo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAbout a fifth of the Italian territory is characterised by the presence of soluble rocks, consisting mainly of limestone and dolostone but also of marble and evaporite rocks (gypsum). More than 50,000 natural caves are currently known in this country, a number that is constantly increasing thanks to speleological exploration. Less than 1% of these caves are equipped for visits, and only 64 can be defined as real show (tourist) caves. In the latter, it is necessary to buy an entrance ticket, visits take place only accompanied by a guide, and the underground trail is equipped with paths, walkways and, generally, lighting systems. The Italian show caves expose a great geodiversity and biodiversity, often accompanied by a considerable historical and/or archaeological interest. The underground geodiversity of Italian show caves is related to the variety of lithologies characterising this territory and to the geomorphological and geodynamic processes that have been active during different geological periods. Important scientific research has taken place in many of these caves, and several of these fragile environments are monitored continuously to verify their environmental conditions.
The management of marketing talent
Authors: Jaworski Bernard J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is very little research on talent management in the marketing discipline. This is despite the significant time and effort that firms allocate the to the entire marketing talent pipeline—including recruitment, selection, training, development, rewards, and promotion within the firm. Michael Farrington serves as the senior vice president, people and culture at Nuvasive and is responsible for the company’s human resources, talent, and total rewards, as well as the corporate marketing, brand and communication functions. This interview sheds light on the nature of how firms manage the end-to-end talent pipeline in marketing.
Chemical and mineral composition of bottom ash from agri-food biomass produced under low combustion conditions
Authors: Adamczyk J. , Smołka-Danielowska D. , Krzątała A. , Krzykawski T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe study aimed at conducting a detailed analysis of apple pomace (AP), walnut shells (WS), and sunflower husks (SH) ashes as potential raw materials for combustion at a temperature of 400 ± 15 °C (individual home furnace). Research methods such as ICP-OES/MS (atomic emission spectrometry with excitation in induced plasma and mass spectrometry), XRD (X-ray diffraction), and SEM–EDS (scanning electron microscopy with quantitative X-ray microanalysis) were utilized. Elemental CHNSO FlashSmart series analyser (Thermo Scientific) was employed for the analysis of oxygen (O). An automatic IR analyser was used to determine the carbon (C), total sulphur (S), and hydrogen (H) content. Total sulphur (S) and chlorine (Cl) were measured by the PN-EN ISO 16994:2016 standard. The nitrogen (N) content was determined by the catharometric method of chlorine by ion chromatography (IC). Higher concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTE) such as As, Cr, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Tl, U, and Th were detected in apple pomace ashes. The mineral composition of biomass ashes was found to be highly diverse, with sunflower husk ashes containing the highest amount of minerals, including quartz, dolomite, calcite, magnesite, sylvite, arcanite, fairchildite, and archerite. Quartz was identified in apple pomace ash, while in sunflower husk ash, it was determined to be present only as an amorphous substance. The estimated total dust emission to the atmosphere from biomass combustion was found to be at a similar value (1.23 to 1.35 kg/Mg).
Hypercapnia in hospitalized children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa as a predictive marker for readmission: a prospective study
Authors: Viaño-Nogueira Pedro , Aparicio-López Cristina , Prieto-Campo Ángela , Morón-Nozaleda Goretti , Camarneiro-Silva Ricardo , Graell-Berna Montserrat , de Lucas-Collantes Carmen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To determine whether hypercapnia is associated with risk of hospital readmission related to anorexia nervosa (AN) in children and adolescents.

Methods
We performed a prospective study of patients ≤ 18 years old admitted due to AN decompensation from November 2018 to October 2019. Both subtypes of AN, restricting subtype (AN-R) and binge-eating/purging subtype (AN-BP), were included. Study participants were evaluated upon admission, at discharge and six months after discharge. T-tests or Mann–Whitney U tests was used to compare means values. Pearson or Spearman correlations were used to measure the association between two variables. Logistic regression models were developed to evaluate the relationship between scoring methods and readmission.

Results
Of the 154 persons admitted during the study period, 131 met the inclusion criteria. Median age was 15.1 years. At admission, 71% of participants were malnourished and 33 (25%) had been previously admitted.
We observed a marked decrease in venous pH and stable pCO2 elevation during follow-up period. Hypercapnia at discharge was associated with a twofold increased likelihood of readmission and the odds of readmission increased as discharge pCO2 rose. These findings did not depend on AN subtype or participant sex. Electrolytes persisted within the normal range.

Conclusion
Hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis are common alterations in children and adolescents hospitalized due to AN decompensation. Hypercapnia persists for at least 6 months after discharge despite clinical improvement and is associated with higher odds of readmission. This is the first study to identify an abnormal laboratory finding as a potential predictor of readmission in AN.

Level of evidence
IV: Multiple time series without intervention.
Crosslingual Content Scoring in Five Languages Using Machine-Translation and Multilingual Transformer Models
Authors: Horbach Andrea , Pehlke Joey , Laarmann-Quante Ronja , Ding Yuning 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates crosslingual content scoring, a scenario where scoring models trained on learner data in one language are applied to data in a different language. We analyze data in five different languages (Chinese, English, French, German and Spanish) collected for three prompts of the established English ASAP content scoring dataset. We cross the language barrier by means of both shallow and deep learning crosslingual classification models using both machine translation and multilingual transformer models. We find that a combination of machine translation and multilingual models outperforms each method individually - our best results are reached when combining the available data in different languages, i.e. first training a model on the large English ASAP dataset before fine-tuning on smaller amounts of training data in the target language.
Serum levels of biomarkers that may link chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and depressive disorder
Authors: Małujło-Balcerska Elżbieta , Pietras Tadeusz , Śmigielski Witold 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Depressive disorder is a common comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); according to some studies, it occurs in approximately 80% of patients. The presence of depressive symptoms influences the quality of life and affects the course and treatment of this disease. The cause of depressive symptoms in COPD and the linking mechanism between COPD and depressive disorder have not been clearly elucidated, and more studies are warranted. Inflammation and inflammation-related processes and biomarkers are involved in the etiology of COPD and depressive disorder and may be an explanation for the potential occurrence of depressive disorder in patients diagnosed with COPD. The scope of this study was to measure and compare the profiles of IL-18, TGF-β, RANTES, ICAM-1, and uPAR among stable COPD patients, recurrent depressive disorder (rDD) patients, and healthy controls.

Methods
Inflammation and inflammation-related factors were evaluated in COPD patients, patients diagnosed with depressive disorder, and control individuals using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results
Interleukin (IL)-18, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, chemokine RANTES, and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) concentrations were higher in patients suffering from COPD and depression than in control patients. Intercellular adhesive molecule (ICAM)-1 levels were significantly higher in COPD patients and lower in depressive disorder patients than in controls.

Conclusions
Higher levels of IL-18, TGF-β, RANTES, and uPAR in patients with COPD might indicate the presence of depressive disorder and suggest the need for further evaluation of the mental state of these patients.
CT-Based Micromotion Analysis After Locking Plate Fixation of AO Type C Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Lundqvist Eva , Olivecrona Henrik , Wretenberg Per , Sagerfors Marcus 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Volar locking plate fixation (VLPF) is the most common method for operative fixation of distal radius fractures (DRF). The dorsal ulnar corner (DUC) can be difficult to stabilize as the fragment is small and not exposed when using the volar approach. The purpose of this study was to study fracture fragment migration after VLPF of AO type C DRF, using a volume registration technique of paired CT scans with special focus on the DUC fragment.

Materials and Methods
This pilot study included ten patients with AO type C DRF, all operated with VLPF. The primary outcome was radiographic outcome. Postoperative and 1-year scans were compared and analyzed. Fragment migration was assessed with CT-based micromotion analysis (CTMA), a software technique used for volume registration of paired CT scans.

Results
All plates were stable over time. Two patients showed signs of screw movement (0.2–0.35 mm and 0.35– > 1 mm respectively). Postoperative reduction was maintained, and there was no fragment migration at the 1-year follow-up except for one case with increased dorsal tilt. The DUC fragment was found in 8/10 cases, fixated in 7/8 cases, and not dislocated in any case at the 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion
The CTMA results indicate that variable-angle VLPF after AO type C DRF can yield and maintain a highly stable reduction of the fracture fragments. The DUC fragment remained stable regardless of the number of screws through the fragment. CT volume registration can be a valuable tool in the detailed assessment of fracture fragment migration following volar plate fixation of DRFs.
Phenomic Imaging
Authors: Lan Lizhen , Feng Kai , Wu Yudan , Zhang Wenbo , Wei Ling , Che Huiting , Xue Le , Gao Yidan , Tao Ji , Qian Shufang , Cao Wenzhao , Zhang Jun , Wang Chengyan , Tian Mei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman phenomics is defined as the comprehensive collection of observable phenotypes and characteristics influenced by a complex interplay among factors at multiple scales. These factors include genes, epigenetics at the microscopic level, organs, microbiome at the mesoscopic level, and diet and environmental exposures at the macroscopic level. “Phenomic imaging” utilizes various imaging techniques to visualize and measure anatomical structures, biological functions, metabolic processes, and biochemical activities across different scales, both in vivo and ex vivo. Unlike conventional medical imaging focused on disease diagnosis, phenomic imaging captures both normal and abnormal traits, facilitating detailed correlations between macro- and micro-phenotypes. This approach plays a crucial role in deciphering phenomes. This review provides an overview of different phenomic imaging modalities and their applications in human phenomics. Additionally, it explores the associations between phenomic imaging and other omics disciplines, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, immunomics, and metabolomics. By integrating phenomic imaging with other omics data, such as genomics and metabolomics, a comprehensive understanding of biological systems can be achieved. This integration paves the way for the development of new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic tools.