bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of Chinese dress on Western fashion
Authors: Delong Marilyn , Wu Juanjuan , Bao Mingxin 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThe objective was to provide research‐based insights from two groups of respondents as to their perceptions, preferences and desire to purchase Chinese – influenced Western dress.Design/methodology/approachTen images of models in designer clothing were selected that varied in degree of Chinese influence. College students from a US and a Chinese university, numbering 55 and 56 respectively, were asked to respond by ranking each image to discern their perceptions of ethnic influence and their preferences for and desire to purchase each of the ten images. Responses were compared and analyzed.FindingsA conclusion based upon analysis of responses was that degree of Chinese influence was less critical than the aesthetic character of the form itself. Some disagreement occurred in respondent's highest ranked preferences. Regarding preference and desire to purchase, US respondents ranked them similarly, while Chinese students ranked them differently.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample was confined to College students with similar majors in the two countries. Limiting the sample in this way offered control in age and interest, but also limited application of results.Practical implicationsThis study addressed the perceptions, preferences and purchasing desires for dress with Chinese influence in a cross cultural perspective. Respondents in this study preferred effective design of the whole image and not simply a borrowing of disparate ethnic attributes.Originality/valueResults provide a managerial guide for ethnic fashion marketers.
Consumer profiles of apparel product involvement and values
Authors: Kim Hye‐Shin 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThis study sets out to explore how consumers may be segmented based on their levels of apparel product involvement using Kapferer and Laurent's consumer involvement profiles (CIP). It also seeks to examine whether consumers within each profile group could be differentiated by their personally‐held values.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires were mailed to female consumers, ages 18 and over, randomly selected from a consumer database. Responses from 757 female consumers were used. The response rate based on delivered questionnaires was 30 percent. Laurent and Kapferer's CIP was used to measure consumer involvement and Kahle's list of values (LOV) was used to measure consumer values.FindingsFive consumer involvement types were identified based on four dimensions of involvement: challenged moderate, knowledged enthusiast, indifferent moderate, challenged enthusiast, and cautious moderate. This study found that values could be used to further explain differences between the enthusiast and moderate consumer types. All nine value items showed significant relationships with dimensions perceived/sign and pleasure interest. Knowledge enthusiast and challenged enthusiast types perceived many values to be significantly more important then challenged moderate types.Research limitations/implicationsCurrent findings varied somewhat from prior study results using the CIP scale. Further examination of the CIP scale in terms of dimensionality, validity and reliability are suggested.Originality/valueThis research segments consumers based on their levels of product involvement and profiles each group by personally‐held values.
Opportunities and challenges: Hong Kong as Asia's fashion hub
Authors: Tam F.Y. , Chan T.S. , Chu P.W. , Lai T.C. , Wang L.L. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo analyze the current situation of the Hong Kong textile and clothing industries; to investigate the influential factors that can assist Hong Kong to develop as Asia's fashion hub; and to plan for the future development of Hong Kong as a regional centre for fashion.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides an overview of the Hong Kong textile and clothing industries by using the SWOT analysis. Based on the findings of the analysis, some recommendations for future development are provided. The sources of this study are from the government publications, journal articles, book reviews and advice of practitioners.FindingsThe Hong Kong textile and clothing industries have their strengths and weaknesses. To be a regional centre for fashion, developing an original brand manufacturing (OBM) business is a preferred approach.Research limitation/implicationThis paper provides a general review of the Hong Kong textile and clothing industries. To gain a more in‐depth understanding of the industries and to explore some more solutions for the research problems, it is important to further investigate these issues by attempting in‐depth interviews with the Hong Kong textile and clothing industrialists.Practical implicationsThis paper provides a very useful source of information and impartial advice for the Government, industry players, academic institutions and the media. The formation of Asia's fashion hub is dependent upon the cooperation and effort of these four parties.Originality/valueThis paper analyses some of the factors contributing to Hong Kong's success and draws conclusions on strategic directions for the sustainability.
Why KM projects fail: a multi‐case analysis
Authors: Chua Alton , Lam Wing 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThis paper attempts to understand the reasons for knowledge management (KM) project failure.Design/methodology/approachFive well‐documented cases of KM project failure in the current literature are reviewed. For each case, the authors examine the circumstantial elements of the failure, including the rationale and intended objectives of the KM project, the outcomes of the project and the reasons that led to project failure.FindingsFrom the review, two observations are made. First, KM failure factors fall into four distinct categories, namely, technology, culture, content, and project management. Second, KM projects can be traced along a three‐stage lifecycle, comprising initiation, implementation, and integration.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings are discussed and finally synthesized into a model of KM project failure. The model serves as a starting‐point for future research in KM project implementation.Practical implicationsPractitioners may use the model as a risk identification tool for KM project implementation.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the fact that KM project failure is a reality with which both practitioners and researchers have to reckon. Additionally, it leverages on the experiences of five KM failure cases and develops a model that allows KM failure factors to be pre‐empted.
Case study on knowledge‐management gaps
Authors: Lin Chinho , Yeh Jong‐Mau , Tseng Shu‐Mei 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo propose a holistic framework for understanding the “knowledge‐management (KM) gap” – illustrating six types of gaps that might occur within KM activities.Design/methodology/approachThe content‐analytical approach with the thematic analysis was implemented in the study. Through an in‐depth interview with the top managers of two firms, explores the causes of these gaps and fundamental approaches to bridging these gaps.FindingsThis study identifies a comprehensive set of factors that could potentially impact the magnitude and direction of these gaps and the corrective actions to enhance the success of the implementation of the KM system.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has done in‐depth interviews with only two firms and five companies. The results may need to be validated by a robust survey. Reasons for these gaps and several fundamental approaches to avoid them are presented.Practical implicationsThis framework is expected to provide a convenient way to audit KM gaps and, thus, enterprises can make corrections and adjustments accordingly to greatly enhance their chances of success while implementing the KM system.Originality/valueProposes an innovative framework of “KM gaps” to fully illustrate the management gaps that might occur during the implementation of KM. Furthermore, the actions to reduce the misfit between the capability and implementation of KM systems are also demonstrated.
An empirical study of the important factors for knowledge‐management adoption in the SME sector
Authors: Yew Wong Kuan , Aspinwall Elaine 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo investigate the critical success factors (CSFs) for adopting knowledge management (KM) in small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) – an area that has, to date, received very little attention in the literature.Design/methodology/approachA survey instrument comprising 11 factors and 66 elements was developed. Through a postal survey, data were sought from SMEs in the UK. A parallel one was also administered to a group of academics, consultants and practitioners in the KM field in order to provide a more holistic view of the CSFs.FindingsThe survey instrument was shown to be both reliable and valid. Pertinent statistical analyses were then performed. By integrating the results from both groups of respondents, a prioritised list of CSFs, in order of importance for implementing KM, was generated.Research limitations/implicationsThe number of responses received was rather small since KM is a new and emerging discipline, and not many SMEs have formally implemented it.Practical implicationsThe results of this study would help SMEs to better understand the KM discipline, to facilitate its adoption and to prioritise its practices. Academics can use the results to build models that would further expand the KM domain.Originality/valueThis study is probably the first to systematically determine the CSFs for KM implementation in the SME sector. It offers a beneficial source of information to SMEs, which are still lagging far behind when it comes to KM practices.
A knowledge‐capture report for multidisciplinary design environments
Authors: Matsumoto Isao T. , Stapleton John , Glass Jacqueline , Thorpe Tony 
Published: June 2005

PurposeOrganisations must continually innovate to remain competitive. A by‐product of innovation is new knowledge. In a knowledge economy, an organisation's ability to manage its knowledge can mean the difference between commercial success and failure. A key aspect of being able to manage knowledge is the ability to identify and capture it. This paper aims to present the development of the knowledge‐capture report (KCR) and the results of its use at the third TeamWork demonstration event for collaborative working.Design/methodology/approachQuantifying the number of discrete pieces of knowledge captured in the KCR and categorising the type and quantity of knowledge captured demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the KCR in a dynamic multidisciplinary design team environment.FindingsThe different approaches that were observed and adopted by the participants using the KCR highlight a number of key issues that need to be considered when attempting to capture knowledge in a constantly evolving design environment.Originality/valueThe use of the KCR by a wide range of industry practitioners demonstrates a quick, effective and low‐cost approach to capturing project knowledge and events. It could be adopted easily by the engineering and construction (AEC) industry as an entry point to managing knowledge, particularly in complex, multi‐disciplinary design environments.
Backbone nuclear relaxation characteristics and calorimetric investigation of the human Grb7‐SH2/erbB2 peptide complex
Authors: Ivancic Monika , Spuches Anne M. , Guth Ethan C. , Daugherty Margaret A. , Wilcox Dean E. , Lyons Barbara A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractGrb7 is a member of the Grb7 family of proteins, which also includes Grb10 and Grb14. All three proteins have been found to be overexpressed in certain cancers and cancer cell lines. In particular, Grb7 (along with the receptor tyrosine kinase erbB2) is overexpressed in 20%–30% of breast cancers. Grb7 binds to erbB2 and may be involved in cell signaling pathways that promote the formation of metastases and inflammatory responses. In a prior study, we reported the solution structure of the Grb7‐SH2/erbB2 peptide complex. In this study, T1, T2, and steady‐state NOE measurements were performed on the Grb7‐SH2 domain, and the backbone relaxation behavior of the domain is discussed with respect to the potential function of an insert region present in all three members of this protein family. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) studies were completed measuring the thermodynamic parameters of the binding of a 10‐residue phosphorylated peptide representative of erbB2 to the SH2 domain. These measurements are compared to calorimetric studies performed on other SH2 domain/phosphorylated peptide complexes available in the literature.
N‐terminal acetylation and protonation of individual hemoglobin subunits: Position‐dependent effects on tetramer strength and cooperativity
Authors: Ashiuchi Makoto , Yagami Takeshi , Willey Ronald J. , Padovan Julio C. , Chait Brian T. , Popowicz Anthony , Manning Lois R. , Manning James M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe presence of alanine (Ala) or acetyl serine (AcSer) instead of the normal Val residues at the N‐terminals of either the α‐ or the β‐subunits of human adult hemoglobin confers some novel and unexpected features on the protein. Mass spectrometric analysis confirmed that these substitutions were correct and that they were the only ones. Circular dichroism studies indicated no global protein conformational changes, and isoelectric focusing showed the absence of impurities. The presence of Ala at the N‐terminals of the α‐subunits of liganded hemoglobin results in a significantly increased basicity (increased pKa values) and a reduction in the strength of subunit interactions at the allosteric tetramer–dimer interface. Cooperativity in O2 binding is also decreased. Substitution of Ala at the N‐terminals of the β‐subunits gives neither of these effects. The substitution of Ser at the N terminus of either subunit leads to its complete acetylation (during expression) and a large decrease in the strength of the tetramer–dimer allosteric interface. When either Ala or AcSer is present at the N terminus of the α‐subunit, the slope of the plot of the tetramer–dimer association/dissociation constant as a function of pH is decreased by 60%. It is suggested that since the network of interactions involving the N and C termini of the α‐subunits is less extensive than that of the β‐subunits in liganded human hemoglobin disruptions there are likely to have a profound effect on hemoglobin function such as the increased basicity, the effects on tetramer strength, and on cooperativity.
On the nucleation of amyloid β‐protein monomer folding
Authors: Lazo Noel D. , Grant Marianne A. , Condron Margaret C. , Rigby Alan C. , Teplow David B. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractNeurotoxic assemblies of the amyloid β‐protein (Aβ) have been linked strongly to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we sought to monitor the earliest step in Aβ assembly, the creation of a folding nucleus, from which oligomeric and fibrillar assemblies emanate. To do so, limited proteolysis/mass spectrometry was used to identify protease‐resistant segments within monomeric Aβ(1–40) and Aβ(1–42). The results revealed a 10‐residue, protease‐resistant segment, Ala21–Ala30, in both peptides. Remarkably, the homologous decapeptide, Aβ(21–30), displayed identical protease resistance, making it amenable to detailed structural study using solution‐state NMR. Structure calculations revealed a turn formed by residues Val24–Lys28. Three factors contribute to the stability of the turn, the intrinsic propensities of the Val‐Gly‐Ser‐Asn and Gly‐Ser‐Asn‐Lys sequences to form a β‐turn, long‐range Coulombic interactions between Lys28 and either Glu22 or Asp23, and hydrophobic interaction between the isopropyl and butyl side chains of Val24 and Lys28, respectively. We postulate that turn formation within the Val24–Lys28 region of Aβ nucleates the intramolecular folding of Aβ monomer, and from this step, subsequent assembly proceeds. This model provides a mechanistic basis for the pathologic effects of amino acid substitutions at Glu22 and Asp23 that are linked to familial forms of AD or cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Our studies also revealed that common C‐terminal peptide segments within Aβ(1–40) and Aβ(1–42) have distinct structures, an observation of relevance for understanding the strong disease association of increased Aβ(1–42) production. Our results suggest that therapeutic approaches targeting the Val24–Lys28 turn or the Aβ(1–42)‐specific C‐terminal fold may hold promise.
Comparison of crystal structures of human type 3 3α‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase reveals an “induced‐fit” mechanism and a conserved basic motif involved in the binding of androgen
Authors: Couture Jean‐François , Pereira De Jésus‐Tran Karine , Roy Anne‐Marie , Cantin Line , Côté Pierre‐Luc , Legrand Pierre , Luu‐The Van , Labrie Fernand , Breton Rock 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe aldo‐keto reductase (AKR) human type 3 3α‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (h3α–HSD3, AKR1C2) plays a crucial role in the regulation of the intracellular concentrations of testosterone and 5α‐dihydrotestosterone (5α‐DHT), two steroids directly linked to the etiology and the progression of many prostate diseases and cancer. This enzyme also binds many structurally different molecules such as 4‐hydroxynonenal, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and indanone. To understand the mechanism underlying the plasticity of its substrate‐binding site, we solved the binary complex structure of h3α–HSD3‐NADP(H) at 1.9 Å resolution. During the refinement process, we found acetate and citrate molecules deeply engulfed in the steroid‐binding cavity. Superimposition of this structure with the h3α–HSD3‐NADP(H)‐testosterone/acetate ternary complex structure reveals that one of themobile loops forming the binding cavity operates a slight contraction movement against the citrate molecule while the side chains of many residues undergo numerous conformational changes, probably to create an optimal binding site for the citrate. These structural changes, which altogether cause a reduction of the substrate‐binding cavity volume (from 776 Å3 in the presence of testosterone/acetate to 704 Å3 in the acetate/citratecomplex), are reminiscent of the “induced‐fit” mechanism previously proposed for the aldose reductase, another member of the AKR superfamily. We also found that the replacement of residues Arg301 and Arg304, localized near the steroid‐binding cavity, significantly affects the 3α–HSD activity of this enzyme toward 5α‐DHT and completely abolishes its 17β–HSD activity on 4‐dione. All these results have thus been used to reevaluate the binding mode of this enzyme for androgens.
The prokaryotic enzyme DsbB may share key structural features with eukaryotic disulfide bond forming oxidoreductases
Authors: Sevier Carolyn S. , Kadokura Hiroshi , Tam Vincent C. , Beckwith Jon , Fass Deborah , Kaiser Chris A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThree different classes of thiol‐oxidoreductases that facilitate the formation of protein disulfide bonds have been identified. They are the Ero1 and SOX/ALR family members in eukaryotic cells, and the DsbB family members in prokaryotic cells. These enzymes transfer oxidizing potential to the proteins PDI or DsbA, which are responsible for directly introducing disulfide bonds into substrate proteins during oxidative protein folding in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, respectively. A comparison of the recent X‐ray crystal structure of Ero1 with the previously solved structure of the SOX/ALR family member Erv2 reveals that, despite a lack of primary sequence homology between Ero1 and Erv2, the core catalytic domains of these two proteins share a remarkable structural similarity. Our search of the DsbB protein sequence for features found in the Ero1 and Erv2 structures leads us to propose that, in a fascinating example of structural convergence, the catalytic core of this integral membrane protein may resemble the soluble catalytic domain of Ero1 and Erv2. Our analysis of DsbB also identified two new groups of DsbB proteins that, based on sequence homology, may also possess a catalytic core similar in structure to the catalytic domains of Ero1 and Erv2.
Spectrin R16: Broad energy barrier or sequential transition states?
Authors: Scott Kathryn A. , Clarke Jane 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA number of models have been proposed to account for nonlinearity in the relation between observed rate constants for folding and/or unfolding and denaturant concentration. Where curvature is seen principally in the arm of a chevron plot, three explanations are proposed: a change in the ground state at increasing concentration of urea, movement of the transition state along a broad energy barrier, and a switch between two sequential transition states separated by an on‐pathway high‐energy intermediate. Here we demonstrate that the latter two models in particular can be used to describe the data for the all‐α protein spectrin R16. Further, whatever the method of analysis, the pattern of Φ‐values seen is robust; thus we would draw the same conclusions from our data set independently of the method used for analysis. While this is not a novel observation, this is the first systematic study where a comparison has been made between Φ‐values calculated using the broad and sequential transition state models.
Structural and functional characterization of CFE88: Evidence that a conserved and essential bacterial protein is a methyltransferase
Authors: Constantine Keith L. , Krystek Stanley R. , Healy Matthew D. , Doyle Michael L. , Siemers Nathan O. , Thanassi Jane , Yan Ning , Xie Dianlin , Goldfarb Valentina , Yanchunas Joseph , Tao Li , Dougherty Brian A. , Farmer Bennett T. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractCFE88 is a conserved essential gene product from Streptococcus pneumoniae. This 227‐residue protein has minimal sequence similarity to proteins of known 3Dstructure. Sequence alignment models and computational protein threading studies suggest that CFE88 is a methyltransferase. Characterization of the conformation and function of CFE88 has been performed by using several techniques. Backbone atom and limited side‐chain atom NMR resonance assignments have been obtained. The data indicate that CFE88 has two domains: an N‐terminal domain with 163 residues and a C‐terminal domain with 64 residues. The C‐terminal domain is primarily helical, while the N‐terminal domain has a mixed helical/extended (Rossmann) fold. By aligning the experimentally observed elements of secondary structure, an initial unrefined model of CFE88 has been constructed based on the X‐ray structure of ErmC′ methyltransferase (Protein Data Bank entry 1QAN). NMR and biophysical studies demonstrate binding of S‐adenosyl‐L‐homocysteine (SAH) to CFE88; these interactions have been localized by NMR to the predicted active site in the N‐terminal domain. Mutants that target this predicted active site (H26W, E46R, and E46W) have been constructed and characterized. Overall, our results both indicate that CFE88 is a methyltransferase and further suggest that the methyltransferase activity is essential for bacterial survival.