bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the diagnostic model based on convolutional neural network superior to pediatric radiologists in the ultrasonic diagnosis of biliary atresia?
Authors: Duan Xingxing , Yang Liu , Zhu Weihong , Yuan Hongxia , Xu Xiangfen , Wen Huan , Liu Wengang , Chen Meiyan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundMany screening and diagnostic methods are currently available for biliary atresia (BA), but the early and accurate diagnosis of BA remains a challenge with existing methods. This study aimed to use deep learning algorithms to intelligently analyze the ultrasound image data, build a BA ultrasound intelligent diagnostic model based on the convolutional neural network, and realize an intelligent diagnosis of BA.MethodsA total of 4,887 gallbladder ultrasound images of infants with BA, non-BA hyperbilirubinemia, and healthy infants were collected. Two mask region convolutional neural network (Mask R-CNN) models based on different backbone feature extraction networks were constructed. The diagnostic performance between the two models was compared through good-quality images at the image level and the patient level. The diagnostic performance between the two models was compared through poor-quality images. The diagnostic performance of BA between the model and four pediatric radiologists was compared at the image level and the patient level.ResultsThe classification performance of BA in model 2 was slightly higher than that in model 1 in the test set, both at the image level and at the patient level, with a significant difference of p = 0.0365 and p = 0.0459, respectively. The classification accuracy of model 2 was slightly higher than that of model 1 in poor-quality images (88.3% vs. 86.4%), and the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.560). The diagnostic performance of model 2 was similar to that of the two radiology experts at the image level, and the differences were not statistically significant. The diagnostic performance of model 2 in the test set was higher than that of the two radiology experts at the patient level (all p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe performance of model 2 based on Mask R-CNN in the diagnosis of BA reached or even exceeded the level of pediatric radiology experts.
Confirmation of intestinal and bladder perforations in a peritoneal dialysis patient using SPECT/CT: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Zhang Xinchao , Hu Yujing , Jing Fenglian , Tian Congna , Wei Qiang , Li Kang , Zheng Lu , Liu Jiale , Zhang Jingjie , Bian Yanzhu 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPeritoneal dialysis (PD) is a common treatment method for patients with renal failure. While peritonitis and tube floating migration are commonly observed complications, visceral perforation caused by PD is relatively rare. We present a case report of a patient undergoing PD due to renal failure, who encountered two instances of visceral perforation. In both occurrences, Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) played a pivotal role in providing accurate diagnoses and precise localization of the perforation sites. This report underscores the paramount significance of SPECT/CT in diagnosing visceral perforations in the context of PD.Case presentationA 73-year-old elderly male has been undergoing PD for 1 year due to renal failure. Recently, there has been impaired drainage of the PD catheter. The clinical team suspected the occurrence of peritonitis. The patient underwent a 99mTc Sodium Pertechnetate (99mTc-NaTcO4) SPECT/CT examination, which identified intestinal perforation. After 20 days of conservative treatment, a SPECT/CT follow-up examination revealed the resolution of the intestinal perforation, but a new bladder perforation emerged. The dialysis catheter was methodically and gradually withdrawn in stages while simultaneously performing bladder decompression. Following these interventions, the patient remained free from peritonitis and cystitis.ConclusionThe utilization of SPECT/CT proved to be highly valuable in the accurate diagnosis of visceral perforation, a relatively rare complication observed in PD patients.
A short decision time for transcatheter embolization can better associate mortality in patients with pelvic fracture: a retrospective study
Authors: Mizuno Yosuke , Miyake Takahito , Okada Hideshi , Ishihara Takuma , Kanda Norihide , Ichihashi Masahiro , Kamidani Ryo , Fukuta Tetsuya , Yoshida Takahiro , Nagata Shoma , Kawada Hiroshi , Matsuo Masayuki , Yoshida Shozo , Ogura Shinji 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundEarly use of hemostasis strategies, transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is critical in cases of pelvic injury because of the risk of hemorrhagic shock and other fatal injuries. We investigated the influence of delays in TAE administration on mortality.MethodsPatients admitted to the Advanced Critical Care Center at Gifu University with pelvic injury between January 2008 and December 2019, and who underwent acute TAE, were retrospectively enrolled. The time from when the doctor decided to administer TAE to the start of TAE (needling time) was defined as “decision-TAE time.”ResultsWe included 158 patients, of whom 23 patients died. The median decision-TAE time was 59.5 min. Kaplan–Meier curves for overall survival were compared between patients with decision-TAE time above and below the median cutoff value; survival was significantly better for patients with values below the median cutoff value (p = 0.020). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the longer the decision-TAE time, the higher the risk of mortality (p = 0.031). TAE duration modified the association between decision-TAE time and overall survival (p = 0.109), as shorter TAE duration (procedure time) was associated with the best survival rate (p for interaction = 0.109).ConclusionDecision-TAE time may play a key role in establishing resuscitation procedures in patients with pelvic fracture, and efforts to shorten this time should be pursued.
Causal association between gut microbiota and fibromyalgia: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Zhaohua , Jiang Dan , Zhang Min , Teng Yu , Huang Yaojiang 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundFibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome characterized by chronic and widespread musculoskeletal pain. A number of studies have implied a potential association between gut microbiota and FM. However, the casual association between gut microbiota and FM remains unknown.MethodMendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted using the summary statistics of genetic variants from the genome-wide association study (GWAS). Inverse variance weighted (IVW), combined with MR-Egger and weighted median were used to investigate the causal association between 119 gut microbiota genera and FM. Sensitivity analyses were performed on the MR results, including heterogeneity test, leave-one-out test and pleiotropy test.ResultsA total of 1,295 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs), with no significant heterogeneity and pleiotropy according to the sensitivity analyses. Five gut microbiota genera were found to have significant casual association with FM. Coprococcus2 (OR = 2.317, p-value = 0.005, 95% CI: 1.289–4.167), Eggerthella (OR = 1.897, p-value = 0.001, 95% CI: 1.313–2.741) and Lactobacillus (OR = 1.576, p-value =0.020, 95% CI: 1.073–2.315) can increase the risk of FM. FamillyXIIIUCG001 (OR = 0.528, p-value = 0.038, 95% CI: 0.289–0.964) and Olsenella (OR = 0.747, p-value = 0.050, 95% CI: 0.557–1.000) can decrease the risk of FM.ConclusionThis MR study found that gut microbiota is casually associated with FM. New insights into the mechanisms of FM mediated by gut microbiota are provided.
A model based on meta-analysis to evaluate poor prognosis of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Authors: Liu Zishuai , Jiang Zhouling , Zhang Ligang , Xue Xiaoyu , Zhao Chenxi , Xu Yanli , Zhang Wei , Lin Ling , Chen Zhihai 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundEarly identification of risk factors associated with poor prognosis in Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) patients is crucial to improving patient survival.MethodRetrieve literature related to fatal risk factors in SFTS patients in the database, extract the risk factors and corresponding RRs and 95% CIs, and merge them. Statistically significant factors were included in the model, and stratified and assigned a corresponding score. Finally, a validation cohort from Yantai Qishan Hospital in 2021 was used to verify its predictive ability.ResultA total of 24 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The model includes six risk factors: age, hemorrhagic manifestations, encephalopathy, Scr and BUN. The analysis of lasso regression and multivariate logistic regression shows that model score is an independent risk factor (OR = 1.032, 95% CI 1.002–1.063, p = 0.034). The model had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.779 (95% CI 0.669–0.889, P&lt;0.001). The validation cohort was divided into four risk groups with cut-off values. Compared with the low-medium risk group, the mortality rate of high-risk and very high-risk patients was more significant (RR =5.677, 95% CI 4.961–6.496, P&lt;0.001).ConclusionThe prediction model for the fatal outcome of SFTS patients has shown positive outcomes.Systematic review registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ (CRD42023453157).
Development and application of an indirect ELISA and nested PCR for the epidemiological analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae among pigs in China
Authors: Wu Zengshuai , Li Na , Li Ziheng , Wang Jianlong , Liu Mengmeng , Qi Mengzhu , Wei Shaopeng , Wu Tong , Guo Yu , Zhu Junhui , Jiang Hexiang , Xue Ruixue , Sun Changjiang , Feng Xin , Gu Jingmin , Han Wenyu , Li Fengyang , Lei Liancheng 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionKlebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is an important opportunistic and zoonotic pathogen which is associated with many diseases in humans and animals. However, the pathogenicity of K. pneumoniae has been neglected and the prevalence of K. pneumoniae is poorly studied due to the lack of rapid and sensitive diagnosis techniques.MethodsIn this study, we infected mice and pigs with K. pneumoniae strain from a human patient. An indirect ELISA was established using the KHE protein as the coating protein for the detection of K. pneumoniae specific antibody in clinical samples. A nested PCR method to detect nuclei acids of K. pneumoniae was also developed.ResultsWe showed that infection with K. pneumoniae strain from a human patient led to mild lung injury of pigs. For the ELISA, the optimal coating concentration of KHE protein was 10 µg/mL. The optimal dilutions of serum samples and secondary antibody were 1:100 and 1:2500, respectively. The analytical sensitivity was 1:800, with no cross-reaction between the coated antigen and porcine serum positive for antibodies against other bacteria. The intra-assay and inter-assay reproducibility coefficients of variation are less than 10%. Detection of 920 clinical porcine serum samples revealed a high K. pneumoniae infection rate by established indirect ELISA (27.28%) and nested PCR (19.13%). Moreover, correlation analysis demonstrated infection rate is positively correlated with gross population, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and domestic tourists.DiscussionIn conclusion, K. pneumoniae is highly prevalent among pigs in China. Our study highlights the role of K. pneumoniae in pig health, which provides a reference for the prevention and control of diseases associated with K. pneumoniae.
Association between intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis and white matter hyperintensities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Wenyuan , Fu Fangwang , Zhan Zhenxiang 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundWhite matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are key neuroimaging markers of cerebral small vessel diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is associated with WMHs.MethodsFollowing a previously registered protocol (PROSPERO protocol: CRD42023407465), PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched for relevant literature published until March 2023. Cross-sectional studies examining the association between intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis and WMHs were included. Random effects models were used to calculate the pooled estimates.ResultsTwenty-one eligible studies, including 10,841 participants, were identified. Intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis was associated with an increased risk of WMHs (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.25–2.57, I2 = 75%) and increased WMH volumes (SMD 0.40, 95% CI 0.18–0.63, I2 = 63%). Heterogeneity resulted from the WMHs rating method and the location. Extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ECAS) was significantly associated with WMHs (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.22–3.62, I2 = 71%), but intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) was insignificantly associated with WMHs (OR 1.75, 95% CI 0.97–3.15, I2 = 84%). The association was stable in the subgroup analysis based on WMHs location, which included deep WMHs and periventricular WMHs.ConclusionIntracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is associated with WMHs. This association is significant in ECAS, but attenuated in ICAS.
Bibliometric and visualization analysis of radiation brain injury from 2003 to 2023
Authors: Wu Baofang , Li Shaojie , Wang Jian , Wang Jiayin , Qiu Weizhi , Gao Hongzhi 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundOver the past two decades, the field of radiation brain injury has attracted the attention of an increasing number of brain scientists, particularly in the areas of molecular pathology and therapeutic approaches. Characterizing global collaboration networks and mapping development trends over the past 20 years is essential.ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to examine significant issues and future directions while shedding light on collaboration and research status in the field of radiation brain injury.MethodsBibliometric studies were performed using CiteSpaceR-bibliometrix and VOSviewer software on papers regarding radiation brain injury that were published before November 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection.ResultsIn the final analysis, we found 4,913 records written in 1,219 publications by 21,529 authors from 5,007 institutions in 75 countries. There was a noticeable increase in publications in 2014 and 2021. The majority of records listed were produced by China, the United States, and other high-income countries. The largest nodes in each cluster of the collaboration network were Sun Yat-sen University, University of California–San Francisco, and the University of Toronto. Galldiks N, Barnett GH, Langen KJ and Kim JH are known to be core authors in the field. The top 3 keywords in that time frame are radiation, radiation necrosis, and radiation-therapy.ConclusionsThe objective and thorough bibliometric analysis also identifies current research hotspots and potential future paths, providing a retrospective perspective on RBI and offering useful advice to researchers choosing research topics. Future development directions include the integration of multi-omics methodologies and novel imaging techniques to improve RBI's diagnostic effectiveness and the search for new therapeutic targets.
Liquid biopsy evaluation of circulating tumor DNA, miRNAs, and cytokines in meningioma patients
Authors: Aran Veronica , Lyra Miranda Renan , Heringer Manoela , Carvalho da Fonseca Anna Carolina , Andreiuolo Felipe , Chimelli Leila , Devalle Sylvie , Niemeyer Filho Paulo , Moura-Neto Vivaldo 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionLiquid biopsy is a non-invasive method used to detect cancer and monitor treatment responses by analyzing blood or other bodily fluids for cancer biomarkers. Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors, and biomarkers play a crucial role in their diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies meningiomas based on tumor grades and molecular alterations in genes such as in NF2, AKT1, TRAF7, SMO, PIK3CA, KLF4, SMARCE1, BAP1, H3K27me3, TERT promoter, and CDKN2A/B. Liquid biopsy, specifically cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis, has shown potential for monitoring meningiomas as it can detect ctDNA release in the blood, unaffected by the blood-brain barrier. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have also been found to be deregulated in various cancers, including meningiomas, presenting potential as diagnostic biomarkers. Additionally, studying cytokines in the tumor microenvironment may aid in establishing prognostic or diagnostic panels for meningiomas.MethodsIn the present study we analyzed the DNA coming from both the plasma and tumor samples, in addition to analyze miRNA-21 and cytokines in the plasma of 28 meningioma patients.Discussion and ConclusionOur findings indicate that the detection of ctDNA in the plasma of meningioma patients is feasible. However, it's important to note that certain challenges persist when comparing plasma DNA analysis to that of tumor tissues. In our study, we observed a paired identification of mutations in only one patient, highlighting the complexities involved. Furthermore, we successfully identified miR-21 and cytokines in the plasma samples. Notably, our analysis of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) unveiled higher expression in the clear cell subtype compared to the other types. Despite the ongoing research, the clinical implementation of liquid biopsy in meningiomas remains somewhat limited. Nevertheless, our promising results underscore the need for further investigation.
Development of a predictive model for predicting disability after optic neuritis: a secondary analysis of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial
Authors: Wei Siqian , Du Yi , Luo Meifeng , Song Ruitong 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to develop a prediction model for predicting developing debilities after optic neuritis.MethodsThe data for this research was obtained from the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial (ONTT). The predictive model was built based on a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Model performance was assessed using Harrell’s C-index for discrimination, calibration plots for calibration, and stratification of patients into low-risk and high-risk groups for utility evaluation.ResultsA total of 416 patients participated. Among them, 101 patients (24.3%) experienced disability, which was defined as achieving or surpassing a score of 3 on the expanded disability status scale. The median follow-up duration was 15.5 years (interquartile range, 7.0 to 16.8). Two predictors in the final predictive model included the classification of multiple sclerosis at baseline and the condition of the optic disk in the affected eye at baseline. Upon incorporating these two factors into the model, the model’s C-index stood at 0.71 (95% CI, 0.66–0.76, with an optimism of 0.005) with a favorable alignment with the calibration curve. By utilizing this model, the ONTT cohort can be categorized into two risk categories, each having distinct rates of disability development within a 15-year timeframe (high-risk group, 41% [95% CI, 31–49%] and low-risk group, 13% [95% CI, 8.4–17%]; log-rank p-value of &lt;0.001).ConclusionThis predictive model has the potential to assist physicians in identifying individuals at a heightened risk of experiencing disability following optic neuritis, enabling timely intervention and treatment.
Research landscape and trends of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a 25-year scientometric analysis
Authors: Wang Kunyu , Zhang Beilin , Du Heqian , Duan Hanying , Jiang Zhuoya , Fang Shaokuan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundCerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a cerebral small vessel disease affecting leptomeningeal and cortical small blood vessels, is a common cause of spontaneous lobar intracerebral hemorrhage and cognitive impairment, particularly in elderly patients. This study aims to investigate the field of CAA research from a scientometric perspective.MethodsPublications related to CAA from January 1st, 1999 to September 29th, 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The scientometric software VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to analyze and visualize the publication trends, countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, cited references, and keywords of CAA.ResultsA total of 2,798 publications related to CAA from 73 countries/regions, led by the United States, were included. The number of publications showed an increasing trend over time. Massachusetts General Hospital was the most productive institution, and authors Greenberg and Charidimou published the most papers and were most frequently co-cited. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease was the most prolific journal in this field, and Neurology was the most co-cited journal. Apart from “cerebral amyloid angiopathy”, the most frequently used keywords were “Alzheimer's disease”, “amyloid beta”, “intracerebral hemorrhage”, and “dementia”. The burst keywords in recent years included “cortical superficial siderosis” and “dysfunction”.ConclusionsThis scientometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of CAA research over the past 25 years, and offers important insights for future research directions and scientific decision-making in this field.
Improving naturalistic neuroscience with patient engagement strategies
Authors: Feldmann Lucia K. , Roudini Juliet , Kühn Andrea A. , Habets Jeroen G. V. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe clinical implementation of chronic electrophysiology-driven adaptive deep brain stimulation (DBS) algorithms in movement disorders requires reliable representation of motor and non-motor symptoms in electrophysiological biomarkers, throughout normal life (naturalistic). To achieve this, there is the need for high-resolution and -quality chronic objective and subjective symptom monitoring in parallel to biomarker recordings. To realize these recordings, an active participation and engagement of the investigated patients is necessary. To date, there has been little research into patient engagement strategies for DBS patients or chronic electrophysiological recordings.Concepts and resultsWe here present our concept and the first results of a patient engagement strategy for a chronic DBS study. After discussing the current state of literature, we present objectives, methodology and consequences of the patient engagement regarding study design, data acquisition, and study infrastructure. Nine patients with Parkinson’s disease and their caregivers participated in the meeting, and their input led to changes to our study design. Especially, the patient input helped us designing study-set-up meetings and support structures.ConclusionWe believe that patient engagement increases compliance and study motivation through scientific empowerment of patients. While considering patient opinion on sensors or questionnaire questions may lead to more precise and reliable data acquisition, there was also a high demand for study support and engagement structures. Hence, we recommend the implementation of patient engagement in planning of chronic studies with complex designs, long recording durations or high demand for individual active study participation.