bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Role of Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide, Toll-Like
Receptor 4, and HMGB-1 in Bacterial Infection
Authors: Febriza Ami , Idrus Hasta Handayani , Kasim Vivien Novarina 
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim:
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Salmonella typhi will attach with Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR-4) and trigger an inflammatory response to fight the pathogen. Due to infection, the HMGB1 is produced by immune cells or secreted passively from dead cells. Fur-thermore, the antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin was secreted to neutralize and eliminate these path-ogens. This study aims to examine the interaction of Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP), TLR-4, and HMGB-1 on inhibiting bacterial growth in Salmonella infection.

Methods:
This study is an experiment that uses a pre-post-test design. Mice balb/c were separated into three groups; group A received levofloxacin for five days, group B received a placebo, and group C was the control. Both groups, A and B, received an injection of S. Typhi strain thy1. Blood samples were taken from three groups on the 4th, 10th, and 30th day to calculate CAMP, TLR-4, and HMGB-1 mRNA gene expression levels. To determine bacterial colony, peritoneal fluid was taken three times on the 4th, 10th, and 30th day to calculate bacterial colony.

Results:
Our finding observed that the expression of mRNA CAMP was inversely related to bacte-rial colony count, which means that higher CAMP mRNA expression was associated with reduced bacterial colony count in groups A and B. The expression of HMGB-1 mRNA was found to be positively correlated with bacterial growth in group A. Meanwhile, TLR-4 mRNA expression did not significantly correlate with bacterial colony count in any groups.

method:
This study is an experiment that uses a pre-post-test design. Mice balb/c were separated into three groups; group A received levofloxacin for five days, group B received a placebo, and group C was the control. Both groups, A and B, received an injection of S. Typhi strain thy1. Blood samples were taken from three groups on the 4th, 10th, and 30th day to calculate CAMP, TLR-4, and HMGB-1 mRNA gene expression levels. To determine bacterial colony, peritoneal fluid was taken three times on the 4th, 10th, and 30th day to calculate bacterial colony.

Conclusions:
CAMP, TLR-4, and HMGB-1 affect bacterial infections. Higher expression CAMP mRNA levels lower colony counts. Meanwhile, decreasing TLR-4 and HMGB-1 mRNA expression were found during the study, due to reducing growth bacteria.

result:
The expression of mRNA CAMP and bacterial colony count correlated negatively. The expression of HMGB-1 mRNA correlated with bacterial growth. Higher CAMP mRNA expression was found to relate to reduced bacterial colony count in groups A and B using linear regression.
Tumor Targeting via siRNA-COG3 to Suppress Tumor Progression in Mice
and Inhibit Cancer Metastasis and Angiogenesis in Ovarian Cancer Cell
Lines
Authors: Ijabi Janat , Ijabi Roghayeh , Roozehdar Parisa , Kaminsky Zachary A. , Moradi-Sardareh Hemen , Tehranian Najmeh , Ahmed Naveed 
Published: January 2024

Background:
The COG complex is implicated in the tethering of retrograde intra-Golgi vesicles, which involves vesicular tethering and SNAREs. SNARE complexes mediate the inva-sion and metastasis of cancer cells through MMPs which activate growth factors for ECM frag-ments by binding to integrin receptors. Increasing MMPs is in line with YKL40 since YKL40 is linked to promoting angiogenesis through VEGF and can increase ovarian cancer (OC) resistance to chemotropic and cell migration.

Objective:
The aim of this study is an assessment of siRNA-COG3 on proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of OC cells. In addition, siRNA-COG3 may prevent the growth of OC cancer in mice with tumors.

Methods:
Primary OC cell lines will be treated with siRNA-COG3 to assay YKL40 and identified angiogenesis by Tube-like structure formation in HOMECs. The Golgi morphology was analyzed using Immunofluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the effects of siRNA-COG3 on the prolifer-ation and apoptosis of cells were evaluated using MTT and TUNEL assays. Clones of the HOSEpiC OC cell line were subcutaneously implanted in FVB/N mice. Mice were treated after two weeks of injection of cells using siRNA-COG3. Tumor development suppression was detected by D-luciferin. RT-PCR and western blotting analyses were applied to determine COG3, MT1-MMP, SNAP23, and YKL40 expression to investigate the effects of COG3 gene knockdown.

Results:
siRNA-COG3 exhibited a substantial effect in suppressing tumor growth in mice. It dra-matically reduced OC cell proliferation and triggered apoptosis (all p < 0.01). Inhibition of COG3, YKL-40, and MT1-MPP led to suppression of angiogenesis and reduction of microvessel density through SNAP23 in OC cells.

Conclusion:
Overall, by knockdown of the COG3 gene, MT1-MMP and YKL40 were dropped, leading to suppressed angiogenesis along with decreasing migration and proliferation. SiRNA-COG3 may be an ideal agent to consider for clinical trial assessment therapy for OC, especially when an antiangiogenic SNAR-pathway targeting drug.
Multilingual Speaker Recognition using Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients and Gaussian Mixture Model
Authors: Rahul Mayur , Jha Sonu Kumar , Prakash Ayushi , Verma Sarvachan , Yadav Vikash 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
People can recognize a speaker with the help of their voice via mobile or digital devices.

Method:
To obtain this congenital human being ability, authentication techniques based on speaker biometrics like automated speaker recognition (ASR) have been proposed. An ASR identifies speakers by speech signals analysis and salient feature extraction from their voices.

Result:
This will become an important part of recent research in the voice biometrics field. This paper proposes multilingual speaker recognition with the help of MFCC as feature extraction and GMM as classification techniques using various available datasets such as TIMIT, librespeech, etc.

Conclusion:
The results achieved from the given datasets enhance the recognition rate of 70.98% with MFCC.
Abutilon indicum: Bioactive Compounds and Diverse Therapeutic
Applications
Authors: Srivastava Shobhit Prakash , Dikshit Swati , Moharana Ankita , Chaturvedi Neha , Sharma Saurabh , Verma Preeti 
Published: January 2024

:
A large variety of secondary metabolites are found in medicinal plants, and the majority
are significant in medicine. One of the well-known plant species used to cure a wide range of human
illnesses is Abutilon indicum. The plant Abutilon indicum has a wide range of therapeutic uses, and
its varied parts have been employed to cure a wide range of ailments. Numerous bioactive substances,
such as polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and glycosides are present in
the plant. Potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, hypoglycaemic, analgesic,
sedative, and diuretic activities have been demonstrated in these compounds. Additionally,
the plant has been shown to have cytoprotective properties and to guard against DNA damage
brought on by oxidative stress. Future research is required to pinpoint the specific bioactive chemicals
responsible for the pharmacological effects of Abutilon indicum and the molecular mechanisms
underlying the plant's therapeutic uses. Overall, Abutilon indicum has demonstrated great therapeutic
potential and deserves further study as a possible source of homeopathic treatments for various illnesses.
The present study covers a summary of the phytochemical and ethnomedicinal applications
of Abutilon Indicum that would further help in exploring the research in natural medicine.
Predictors of Relapse in Women after Substance Use Treatment: A Cross-sectional Study in the West of Iran
Authors: Ghasemi Faezeh , Bashirian Saeid , Fakher Fatemeh Mohammadi , Barati Majid , Khazaei Salman 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Many individuals undergo drug addiction treatment relapse after
treatment. Additionally, a few studies have focused on the unique challenges faced by
women in addiction recovery. Therefore, we aimed to identify predictors of relapse among
women who have undergone drug addiction treatment to develop a more effective intervention
program tailored to their needs.

Methods:
The present cross-sectional study evaluated 320 addicted women from Lorestan
province, Iran, in 2020 who had used illegal substances. Convenience sampling was used
to select participants from outpatient addiction treatment centers, triangular clinics, and
rehabilitation centers. Demographic characteristics, drug use patterns, and risk factors for
addiction were recorded. Predictors of relapse were evaluated using a negative binomial
regression model.

Results:
The study included women with a mean age of 34.78±9.31 years who had a
history of drug addiction relapse. Around 43.44% of the women were married and 36.88%
lived with their husbands. Methamphetamine, opium, and heroin were the commonly used
drugs. The study found that women with primary school education had a higher rate of
relapse (IRR: 1.71, p = 0.01) and women with husbands being substance users (IRR: 1.34,
p = 0.014), history of imprisonment (IRR: 1.51, p = 0.002), smoking (IRR: 1.91, p <
0.001), and alcohol consumption (IRR: 1.49, p = 0.005) were also associated with a higher
rate of relapse.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this study found that women with primary school education,
husbands being substance users, history of imprisonment, smoking, and alcohol consumption
behavior had a higher rate of relapse. By addressing the identified predictors of relapse,
such programs can improve the success rate of addiction treatment and promote
long-term recovery among women. In addition, this study highlights that addiction relapse
is not necessarily caused by a single factor, and several different personal and environmental
factors can influence this issue.
Studies on the Magneto-structural Properties and Initial Permittivity of Chemically Produced Nanoscale Nickel-substituted Zinc Manganese Mixed Ferrites
Authors: Pandhare Amol B. , Mulik Swapnajit V. , Shikare Karishma S. , Sathe Rutuja B. , Patil Sarjerao B. , Patil Kranti. K. , Delekar Sagar D. , Patil Rajendra P. 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
The objective of this work was to study in more detail the dielectric
permittivity and dielectric losses at different frequencies. It is well known that
adding ions increases the dielectric constant and increases the dielectric loss as well
as conductivity. Furthermore, the real part of the dielectric constant decreases with
increasing frequency. Dielectrics are used as a capacitor for storing energy and a
transformer for insulating and cooling agents. To enhance the performance of a semiconductor
device, high-permittivity dielectric materials are used. Another aim of this
study was to gain a better understanding of how frequency influences the dielectric
and electrical properties and what are the mathematical forms of these dependencies.
With this aim, magnetic mixed metal oxide systems ZnMn1-xNixFexO4 (x=0.0, 0.25,
0.5, 0.75, and 1.0) have been synthesized in this work using wet chemical approaches.
The prepared mixed-metal oxide nanomaterials have been characterized using analytical
techniques, viz., XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, VSM, TGA/DTA, etc.

Methods:
Nanoparticles of ZnMn1-xNixFexO4 (x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0) have
been synthesized using the lucrative as well as eco-friendly chemical sol-gel technique.
According to the Debye-Scherrer equation, the generated nanoparticles had an
average crystallite size of 34 nm, and the ferrite sample showed a cubic structure.
Two absorption bands at 411-455 and 595 cm-1 in FT-IR spectroscopy have evidenced
the aforementioned structure to exist in the manufactured samples. The magnetic
curves demonstrated that after nickel replacement, the values of coercivity and
saturation magnetization altered. Between 20 Hz and 1 MHz, a dielectric behavior
demonstrated conductivity and dielectric dispersion owing to interfacial polarization,
as well as the interior of grain boundaries.

Results:
In the present case, it has been observed that the dielectric behavior decreased
with increasing Ni concentration in the above-synthesized compositions.
Such change may be due to the increase in resistivity of Zn-Mn ferrite with the substitution
of nickel concentration and it has indicated the dielectric behavior to be directly
proportional to the square root of conductivity.

Conclusion:
Current research has demonstrated that ferrite nanoparticles have
sparked substantial interest due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, distinctive tunable
capabilities, hydrophilic nature, biocompatibility, and exceptional magnetic properties.
The samples' structural, microstructural, magnetic, and electrical characteristics,
have also been examined.
Formulation and Optimization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticle-based
Gel for Dermal Delivery of Linezolid using Taguchi Design
Authors: Chauhan Iti , Singh Lubhan 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Linezolid (LNZ) is a synthetic oxazolidinone antibiotic approved
for the treatment of uncomplicated and complicated skin and soft tissue infections caused
by gram-positive bacteria. Typically, LNZ is administered orally or intravenously in most
cases. However, prolonged therapy is associated with various side effects and lifethreatening
complications. Cutaneous application of LNZ will assist in reducing the dose,
hence minimizing the unwanted side/adverse effects associated with oral administration.
Dermal delivery provides an alternative route of administration, facilitating a local and sustained
concentration of the antimicrobial at the site of infection.

Objective:
The current research work aimed to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)
based gel for dermal delivery of LNZ in the management of uncomplicated skin and soft
tissue infections to maximise its benefits and minimise the side effects.

Methods::
SLNs were prepared by high-shear homogenisation and ultrasound method using
Dynasan 114 as solid lipid and Pluronic F-68 as surfactant. The effect of surfactant concentration,
drug-to-lipid ratio, and sonication time was investigated on particle size, zeta
potential, and entrapment efficiency using the Taguchi design. The main effect plot of
means and signal-to-noise ratio were generated to determine the optimized formulation.
The optimized batch was formulated into a gel, and ex-vivo permeation study, in-vitro and
in-vivo antibacterial activity were conducted.

Results:
The optimised process parameters to achieve results were 2% surfactant concentration,
a drug-to-lipid ratio of 1:2, and 360 s of sonication time. The optimized batch was
206.3± 0.17nm in size with a surface charge of -24.4± 4.67mV and entrapment efficiency
of 80.90 ± 0.45%. SLN-based gel demonstrated anomalous transport with an 85.43% in
vitro drug release. The gel showed a 5.03 ± 0.15 cm zone of inhibition while evaluated for
in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Ex-vivo skin permeation studies
demonstrated 20.308% drug permeation and 54.96% cutaneous deposition. In-vivo results
showed a significant reduction in colony-forming units in the group treated with LNZ
SLN-based gel.

Conclusion:
Ex-vivo studies ascertain the presence of the drug at the desired site and improve
therapy. In-vivo results demonstrated the ability of SLN-based gel to significantly
reduce the number of bacteria in the stripped infection model. The utilization of SLN as an
LNZ carrier holds significant promise in dermal delivery.
Effects of Choline Supplementation in Diets on Juvenile Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus): Productive Performance, Proximate Composition and Serum Lipid Level
Authors: Godoy Antonio C. , Bittencourt Fabio , Fantini-Hoag Leticia , Honorato Claucia A. , da Silva Deividy M. , Signor Altevir , de O. Seno Leonardo , de Castro Burbarelli Maria F. , Boscolo Wilson R. , Neu Dacley H. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is a Brazilian fish species of high
commercial value and has emerged as one of the main species with potential for intensive farming. This study aimed to investigate the impact of choline supplementation on
productive performance, visceral fat, hepatosomatic indices, proximate composition, serum biochemical profile, and liver coloration in juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus).

Method:
The 60-day experiment was conducted in the experimental hatchery of the Study
Group of Aquaculture Management - GEMAq of the State University of West Paraná, Brazil.
The completely randomized design consisted of five treatments with four replicates each. A
total of 200 fish, with an average initial weight and length of 4.25 g and 5.97 cm, were distributed among 20 experimental hapas, resulting in a stocking density of 10 fish per experimental unit. Fish fed a choline-deficient diet exhibited the lowest values for final weight,
weight gain, visceral fat, and hepatosomatic index. Conversely, in terms of proximate composition, fish fed choline-deficient diets had the highest moisture content but the lowest crude fat
content. Triglyceride levels in juvenile pacu were significantly higher in groups fed diets
containing choline (400 to 1200 mg kg−1
). We also observed significant differences in the
cyan color of the liver (P < 0.05). Notably, we observed significant differences in the cyan
coloration of the liver (P < 0.05). Other parameters did not exhibit significant changes in response to varying choline levels in the diets.

Result:
Our study demonstrated that choline supplementation in P. mesopotamicus juveniles at
an optimal concentration of 400 mg kg−1 significantly impacted growth, metabolism, productive
performance, proximate composition, biochemical parameters, and liver color.

Conclusion:
These findings offer crucial guidance for aquaculture professionals, enabling them
to enhance growth and health in P. mesopotamicus farming. Further research on choline’s influence on lipid metabolism holds potential for more precise dietary recommendations, ultimately
improving the efficiency and sustainability of aquaculture practices for this species.
A Mobile Health App to Support Home-Based Aerobic Exercise in Neuromuscular Diseases: Usability Study
Authors: Veneman Tim , Koopman Fieke Sophia , Oorschot Sander , Koomen Pien G , Nollet Frans , Voorn Eric L 
Published: January 2024

Background
Home-based aerobic exercise in people with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) has benefits compared to exercise in the hospital or a rehabilitation center because traveling is often cumbersome due to mobility limitations, and societal costs are lower. Barriers to home-based aerobic exercise include reduced possibilities for monitoring and lack of motivation. To overcome these and other barriers, we developed a mobile health app: Keep on training with ReVi (hereafter referred to as ReVi).

Objective
We aimed to determine the usability of the ReVi app.

Methods
Patients followed a 4-month, polarized, home-based aerobic exercise program on a cycle or rowing ergometer, with 2 low-intensity sessions and 1 high-intensity session per week supported by the ReVi app. The app collected training data, including heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion, provided real-time feedback on reaching target intensity zones, and enabled monitoring via an online dashboard. Physiotherapists instructed patients on how to use the ReVi app and supervised them during their training program. Patients and physiotherapists separately evaluated usability with self-developed questionnaires, including 9 questions on a 5-point Likert scale, covering the usability elements efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction.

Results
Twenty-nine ambulatory adult patients (n=19 women; mean age 50.4, SD 14.2 years) with 11 different slowly progressive NMDs participated. Both patients and physiotherapists (n=10) reported that the app, in terms of its efficiency, was easy to use and had a rapid learning curve. Sixteen patients (55%) experienced 1 or more technical issue(s) during the course of the exercise program. In the context of effectiveness, 23 patients (81%) indicated that the app motivated them to complete the program and that it helped them to exercise within the target intensity zones. Most patients (n=19, 70%) and physiotherapists (n=6, 60%) were satisfied with the use of the app. The median attendance rate was 88% (IQR 63%-98%), with 76% (IQR 69%-82%) of time spent within the target intensity zones. Four adverse events were reported, 3 of which were resolved without discontinuation of the exercise program.

Conclusions
The usability of the ReVi app was high, despite the technical issues that occurred. Further development of the app to resolve these issues is warranted before broader implementation into clinical practice.
Pemanfaatan Tepung Sukun Sebagai Pengganti Tepung Terigu dalam Pembuatan Farfalle
Authors: Yaji Taka Toshi , Sudiarta I Nyoman 
Published: January 2024

Farfalle adalah jenis pasta yang umumnya dikenal sebagai pasta kupu-kupu. Nama ini berasal dari kata italia farfalle (kupu-kupu). Di kota italia Modena, farfalle dikenal sebagai berbagai strichetti. Pasta Farfalle ini terbuat dari campuran telur dan tepung terigu. Dan saat ini permintaan tepung untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari semakin meningkat, maka dari itu diupayakan untuk mengganti tepung terigu dengan tepung sukun dengan alasan tepung sukun memiliki kandungan gizi yang tidak kalah baik dengan tepung terigu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas farfalle dengan menggunakan tepung sukun 100% yang diujikan kepada 20 orang panelis dilihat dari segi warna, rasa, tekstur, dan aroma. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, dengan jenis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuisioner. Biaya yang diperlukan adalah sebesar Rp. 22,936,- sedangkan biaya perbungkus dengan berat 50 gram sebesar Rp. 5,000,-.

Farfalle is a type of pasta commonly known as butterfly paste. The name comes from the Italian word farfalle (butterfly). In the Italian city of Modena, farfalle is known as the strichetti variety. Farfalle pasta is made from a mixture of eggs and wheat flour. And currently the demand for flour for daily needs is increasing, therefore efforts are made to replace wheat flour with breadfruit flour on the grounds that breadfruit flour has a nutritional content that is not inferior to wheat flour. The results showed the quality of farfalle using 100% breadfruit flour which was tested on 20 panelists in terms of color, taste, texture, and aroma. This study uses an experimental method, with qualitative and quantitative data types. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire. The cost required is Rp. 22,936, - while cost per pack weighing 50 grams is Rp. 5,000,-.