bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patellar Dislocation in Adolescent Patients: Influence on Cartilage Properties Based on T1ρ Relaxation Times
Authors: Farrow Lutul D. , Elias John J. , Li Mei , Yang Mingrui , Lartey Richard , Hron Alexander J. , Winalski Carl S. , Li Xiaojuan 
Published: October 2023

Background: Adolescents who experience a patellar dislocation have an elevated risk of patellofemoral posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–based T1ρ relaxation times were measured for adolescents to evaluate patellofemoral cartilage after patellar dislocation. Long T1ρ relaxation times are an indicator of cartilage degradation. Hypothesis: The primary hypothesis is that patellofemoral cartilage T1ρ relaxation times will be elevated in the acute phase after patellar dislocation. The secondary hypothesis is that T1ρ relaxation times will be higher for knees with multiple rather than single dislocations due to repeated traumatic injury. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: In total, 23 adolescents being treated for a recent patellar dislocation, 13 for a first-time dislocation (47 ± 38 days since most recent dislocation) and 10 for multiple dislocations (55 ± 24 days since most recent dislocation), and 10 healthy controls participated in MRI-based T1ρ relaxation time mapping. For multiple regions of the patellofemoral joint, mean T1ρ values were compared between the 3 groups with multiple group comparisons and post hoc tests. T1ρ relaxation times were also correlated against measures of patellofemoral anatomy and alignment for single and multiple dislocations. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. Results: T1ρ relaxation times were significantly longer for injured knees (single and multiple dislocations) than controls at the medial and central patella and central trochlear groove. For the regions on the patella, significant differences between injured and control knees exceeded 15%. No significant differences were identified between single and multiple dislocations. For the initial dislocation group, T1ρ relaxation times within multiple regions of the patellofemoral joint were significantly correlated with lateral patellar alignment or patellar height. Conclusion: Elevated patellofemoral cartilage T1ρ relaxation times are consistent with a high risk of long-term patellofemoral osteoarthritis for adolescents who experience patellar dislocations. T1ρ relaxation times were elevated for multiple regions of patellofemoral cartilage. T1ρ relaxation times were expected to increase with additional dislocation episodes, but relaxation times after single and multiple dislocations were similar. After a first dislocation, parameters related to patellar maltracking were correlated with cartilage degradation.
Newer therapies and surgical management of ketamine-induced uropathy: A review
Authors: Katsiari Theodora , Bae Yeong Eun , Darlington Carbin Joseph Danny , Abou Chedid Wissam , Moschonas Dimitrios , Kusuma Venkata Ramana Murthy , Patil Krishna , Perry Matthew James Alexander 
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims: Ketamine use as a recreational drug is becoming more popular nowadays. Ketamine-induced uropathy (KIU) is a late finding observed with long-term use of ketamine. A systematic review of Ketamine-Induced Uropathy was performed to emphasise its key clinical manifestations, mechanism of action and establish an effective treatment pathway. Methods and Results: A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE via Pubmed and Cochrane using the keywords ketamine and bladder, ketamine and uropathy, and ketamine and epidemiology. The search strategy was limited to articles published from 2000 to 2023. Both animal and human studies were included. A total of 101 papers were reviewed based on topic relevance from the title and abstracts available. While ketamine is a controlled drug in the United Kingdom (UK) and other countries, 283 ketamine-related deaths have been reported in the UK. There is no definite pathogenesis but multiple potential mechanisms that cause KIU and its related symptoms. KIU involves chronic inflammation of the bladder, ureteral wall thickening, hydronephrosis and finally, chronic renal failure. A multidisciplinary approach is paramount when managing these patients to break the vicious cycle. The mainstay of medical and surgical treatment pathways is continued abstinence to prevent symptom relapse. This review included the pathophysiology, novel medical treatments and surgical management of KIU. Conclusion: KIU is a rare but significantly disabling condition often seen among ketamine abusers. With the rising trend in drug addiction, KIU is expected to be more common. Unfortunately, it is a late complication in chronic ketamine abusers and is only partially reversible even with abstinence. This review discusses this rare entity’s newer medical treatments and surgical options.
On digital twinning of fused filament fabrication for tensile properties of polyvinylidene fluoride composites-based functional prototypes
Authors: Husain Minhaz , Singh Rupinder , Pabla BS 
Published: October 2023

In the last two decades, several studies have been conducted for the process parametric optimization of fused filament fabrication (FFF) with a variety of thermoplastic composites, especially for mechanical properties. But hitherto less has been conveyed, on the development of dynamic reduced order models (ROMs) for digital twining (DT) of tensile properties (of 3D printed implants/scaffolds) with novel thermoplastic-based composites. In this study, for the generation of dynamic ROM (for hybrid analytics), the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio was used to ascertain the best settings of parameters for tensile properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite. The study suggests that the best setting of the FFF process, for the 3D printing of PVDF composite (90% PVDF, 8% hydroxyapatite (HAp), and 2% Chitosan (CS) (for maximizing the tensile properties as per ASTM-D638-Type-V) are nozzle temperature (NT) of 235°C, raster angle (RA) 45°, printing speed (PS) of 60 mm/s respectively resulting in peak load (PL) 394.87 N, peak stress (PSt) 33.92 MPa, Young’s modulus (E) 2.606 MPa. For a modulus of toughness (MOT) of 0.484 MPa, the best settings are NT 230°C, RA 90°, and PS 50 mm/s. The results are supported by the morphological analysis.
Implementation and Preliminary Evaluation of a 12-Week Cognitive Behavioural and Motivational Enhancement Group Therapy for Cannabis Use Disorder
Authors: Trick Leanne , Butler Kevin , Bourgault Zoe , Vandervoort Julianne , Le Foll Bernard 
Published: October 2023

Background: The purpose of this paper is to provide a preliminary evaluation of treatment outcomes, retention and client satisfaction following a 12-week combined cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and motivational enhancement therapy (MET) group treatment for cannabis use disorder (CUD) delivered in an outpatient setting. Implementation of the program is also described. Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted using data collected from medical records and self-report assessments. Participants were treatment-seeking cannabis users at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto. Cannabis use, cannabis-related problems, craving, withdrawal symptoms, self-efficacy for remaining abstinent, depression and anxiety were assessed pre- and post-treatment. Treatment retention was calculated by inspecting clinic attendance records, and client satisfaction was evaluated using an anonymous feedback survey. Potential predictors of treatment outcomes and retention were investigated in exploratory analyses. Results: Cannabis use was lower and days of abstinence higher post-treatment (vs pre-treatment). Post-treatment improvements in cannabis-related problems, craving, withdrawal symptoms, self-efficacy and mood were also observed. Completion of group treatment (⩾75% of sessions attended) was 57% and moderate levels of treatment satisfaction were reported. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that a 12-week combined CBT and MET treatment for cannabis use disorder delivered in a novel group setting improves cannabis use outcomes. Potential predictors of reduced cannabis use and retention were identified. Future controlled studies are warranted, and strategies for increasing retention should be explored.
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Primary Breast Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Matched-Pair Study
Authors: Teng Ling-Chiao , Liao Yu-Min , Gau Jyh-Pyng , Hsiao Tzu-Hung , Chen Tsung-Chih , Chen Mei-Hui , Yeh Su-Peng , Teng Chieh-Lin Jerry 
Published: October 2023

Background: The influence of the breast as the primary site on the outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and further changes in therapeutic strategies remain unclear. We aimed to compare the outcomes between primary breast and non-breast DLBCL and analyze the genetic profiles of some of the study cohorts using next-generation sequencing. Methods: This matched-pair study reviewed the medical records of 19 patients with stage I and II primary breast DLBCL diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2021 on the basis of the Wiseman and Liao criteria, and we used 1:4 propensity score matching to identify patients with non-breast DLBCL as the control group. The overall response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were the outcome measures. Results: Patients with primary breast and non-breast DLBCL had a 5-year PFS of 72.6% and 86.9%, respectively ( P = .206). These 2 groups also had comparable 5-year OS (86.9% vs 87.8%; P = .772). The breast as the primary site was not associated with inferior PFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.14; 95% CI: 0.66-6.96; P = .206) and OS (HR: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.27-5.93; P = .772). Conclusion: Patients with primary breast DLBCL and those with non-breast DLBCL had comparable PFS and OS under rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) or R-CHOP-like regimens. Further investigations of the mutation profile, its clinical impact, potential central nervous system relapse, and prognosis of primary breast DLBCL are required.
Susceptibility-based imaging aids accurate distinction of pediatric-onset MS from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease
Authors: Sacco Simone , Virupakshaiah Akash , Papinutto Nico , Schoeps Vinicius A , Akula Amit , Zhao Haojun , Arona Jennifer , Stern William A , Chong Janet , Hart Janace , Zamvil Scott S , Sati Pascal , Henry Roland G , Waubant Emmanuelle 
Published: October 2023

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) share clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features but differ in prognosis and management. Early POMS diagnosis is essential to avoid disability accumulation. Central vein sign (CVS), paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), and central core lesions (CCLs) are susceptibility-based imaging (SbI)-related signs understudied in pediatric populations that may help discerning POMS from MOGAD. Methods: T2-FLAIR and SbI (three-dimensional echoplanar imaging (3D-EPI)/susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) or similar) were acquired on 1.5T/3T scanners. Two readers assessed CVS-positive rate (%CVS+), and their average score was used to build a receiver operator curve (ROC) assessing the ability to discriminate disease type. PRLs and CCLs were identified using a consensual approach. Results: The %CVS+ distinguished 26 POMS cases (mean age 13.7 years, 63% females, median EDSS 1.5) from 14 MOGAD cases (10.8 years, 35% females, EDSS 1.0) with ROC = 1, p < 0.0001, (cutoff 41%). PRLs were only detectable in POMS participants (mean 2.1±2.3, range 1–10), discriminating the two conditions with a sensitivity of 69% and a specificity of 100%. CCLs were more sensitive (81%) but less specific (71.43%). Conclusion: The %CVS+ and PRLs are highly specific markers of POMS. After proper validation on larger multicenter cohorts, consideration should be given to including such imaging markers for diagnosing POMS at disease onset.
Social Risk Determinants for Successful Same Calendar Day Discharge in Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Lutz Rex W. , Ponzio Danielle Y. , Thalody Hope S. , Patrizio Harrison A. , Czymek Miranda M. , Ast Michael , Post Zachary D. , Ong Alvin C. 
Published: October 2023

Background: While many studies have examined the impact of comorbidities on the success of same calendar day discharge (SCDD) in total joint arthroplasty (TJA), literature surrounding the impact of social determinants is lacking. Purpose: We sought to investigate the relationship between various social determinants and success of SCDD after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 1160 THA and 1813 TKA performed at a single academic institution between November 2020 and August 2022. Social factors including substance use, occupation, marital status, income, and participation in physical exercise were included. In addition, aspects of discharge planning were reviewed such as living situation and transportation details. Results: Overall, 952 (32%) patients had successful SCDD, whereas 2021 (68%) patients were discharged on postoperative day 1 (POD1) or greater. Successful SCDD patients were more likely to have health care (4.8% vs 2.5%) and active (5.4% vs 4.6%) rather than sedentary occupations, be married (79.6% vs 67.4%), have access to transportation (95.6% vs 92.9%), live in a higher median income area ($64,044 [16,183] vs $61,572 [14,594]), and exercise weekly (62.6% vs 23.9%). Interestingly, the successful patients had more stories in their homes (1.62 [0.56] vs 1.43 [0.53]), more stairs to enter their homes (5.19 [5.22] vs 4.60 [5.24]), lived farther from the hospital (43.3 [138.0] vs 32.0 [75.9] miles), and a higher prevalence of alcohol use (60.7% vs 44.7%) and tobacco use (19.3% vs 17.3%). Conclusion: These findings may help arthroplasty surgeons to better understand the social factors that contribute to successful SCDD in TJA patients, ultimately aiding in patient selection and preoperative counseling.
The geopolitics of democracy: The US against Russia and China
Authors: Kollaros Vasilis 
Published: October 2023

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, American democracy set an example for the rest of the world, having proved its resilience to the authoritarian regime of the USSR during the Cold War. However, in recent years, China, which has adopted a different model of governance, a mixture of political authoritarianism and economic capitalism, has directly challenged the quality and credibility of American democracy. The more Beijing grows economically, the more it challenges Western institutions and the international order. It believes that there are alternative paths to prosperity. Russia, a classically authoritarian regime, agrees with China, with which it has developed close political and economic relations. The inherent problems of American democracy, especially under the Trump administration, have been used by Beijing and Moscow to support their arguments. The Russo-Ukraine war, aside from other interpretations, can be characterised as a dispute between democratic and authoritarian regimes.
Follicular adenoma with bizarre nuclei and wild-type P53 expression: A case report and literature review
Authors: Nguyen Daniel , Htun Nyein Nyein , Wang Beverly 
Published: October 2023

Introduction Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine tumor in humans. Follicular adenoma/carcinoma is the second most common subtype. Multiple histological patterns have been identified. Follicular adenoma with bizarre nuclei is one of the patterns associated with p53 mutation and has an unclear clinical prognosis. Case report A 74-year-old female presented with incidental findings of elevated TSH levels and normal thyroid markers. Ultrasound was performed and revealed multiple bilateral thyroid nodules measuring up to 1.9 cm. Fine needle aspiration was performed, and cytology showed one Bethesda category 5 nodule. Total thyroidectomy with neck dissection was performed, and the pathology showed follicular adenoma with bizarre nuclei. Based on the results of immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells exhibited staining for wild-type p53 and low levels of the proliferation index Ki-67. Conclusions We report a rare case of thyroid follicular adenoma with bizarre nuclei. In contrast to previous reports of this tumor, our patient showed a p53 wild-type pattern using immunohistochemistry. More studies are needed to better understand the etiology and clinical prognosis of this tumor.
Surgeon Preferences Worldwide in Wound Drain Utilization in Open Lumbar Fusion Surgery for Degenerative Pathologies
Authors: Cabrera Juan P. , Gary Matthew F. , Muthu Sathish , Yoon S. Tim , Kim Ho-Joong , Cho Samuel K. , Ćorluka Stipe , Lewis Stephen J. , Kato So , Buser Zorica , Wang Jeffrey C. , Hsieh Patrick C. ,   The AO Spine Knowledge Forum Degenerative
Published: October 2023

Study Design Cross-sectional survey. Objective Although literature does not recommend routine wound drain utilization, there is a disconnect between the evidence and clinical practice. This study aims to explore into this controversy and analyze the surgeon preferences related to drain utilization, and the factors influencing drain use and criterion for removal. Methods A survey was distributed to AO Spine members worldwide. Surgeon demographics and factors related to peri-operative drain use in 1 or 2-level open fusion surgery for lumbar degenerative pathologies were collected. Multivariate analyses by drain utilization, and criterion of removal were conducted. Results 231 surgeons participated, including 220 males (95.2%), orthopedics (178, 77.1%), and academic/university-affiliated (114, 49.4%). Most surgeons preferred drain use (186, 80.5%) and subfascial drains (169, 73.2%). Drains were removed based on duration by 52.87% of the surgeons, but 27.7% removed drains based on outputs. On multivariable analysis, significant predictors of drain use were surgeon’s aged 35-44 (OR = 11.9, 95% CI = 1.2-117.2, P = .034), 45-54 (29.1, 3.1-269.6, P = .003), 55-64 (8.9, 1.4-56.5, .019), and wound closure using coaptive films (6.0, 1.2-29.0, P = .025). Additionally, surgeons from Asia Pacific (OR = 5.19, 95% CI = 1.65-16.38, P = .005), Europe (3.55, 1.22-10.31, P = .020), and Latin America (4.40, 1.09-17.83, .038) were more likely to remove drain based on time duration, but surgeons <5 years of experience (10.23, 1.75-59.71, P = .010) were more likely to remove drains based on outputs. Conclusions Most spine surgeons worldwide prefer to place a subfascial wound drain for degenerative open lumbar surgery. The choice for drain placement is associated with the surgeon’s age and use of coaptive films for wound closure, while the criterion for drain removal is associated with the surgeons’ region of practice and experience.
Molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates at a tertiary hospital in Nanning, China
Authors: Wei Xianzhen , Li Qiuxiang , He Yu , Li Linlin , Li Shan , Li Taijie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeCarbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeis associated with nosocomial infections and can cause high mortality, which poses great threat to human health. This study was aimed at investigating the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolates and providing clues for management and control of carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeinfections.MethodsA total of 2324Klebsiella pneumoniaestrains were isolated from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from June 2018 to October 2020, and 103 carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaestrains from inpatients were collected, and the specimens mainly came from the sputum, urine, secretions, and blood. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the VITEK 2 Compact system or the Kirby–Bauer disk-diffusion method. The resistance genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. The homology analysis of carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaestrains was performed by multilocus sequence typing.ResultsAntimicrobial susceptibility results showed that the 103 carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaestrains were resistant to most common antibiotics. Resistance genes detection showed that the carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolates mainly carried metallo-beta-lactamase, and the predominant gene was NDM-1. The homology analysis found that the major ST type were ST11, follow by ST15 and ST17.ConclusionThe carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolates in our study shown resistance to most common antibiotics. Of the 103 carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaestrains, 91 strains (88.35%) carried carbapenemases genes, and NDM was the predominant carbapenemase gene detected. ST11 was the major ST typing of carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaein our hospital. Our finding may play a role in control and management of the carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeinfections and guiding clinical antibiotic therapy. In addition, metallo-beta-lactamase should be served as a key target to be monitored in carbapenem resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeinfection.
CePP2C19 confers tolerance to drought by regulating the ABA sensitivity in Cyperus esculentus
Authors: Li Jia , Liu Xinyi , Ahmad Naveed , Wang Yifei , Ge Hengshuo , Wang Yijin , Liu Weican , Li Xiaowei , Wang Nan , Wang Fawei , Dong Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) is widely known as an additional source of food, oil and feed worldwide. The agricultural production of tiger nut has been greatly hindered by drought stress, reducing both yield and quality. Protein phosphatase 2 C (PP2Cs) plays an important role in plant responses to drought stress however, the molecular mechanism of PP2Cs in tiger nuts still unclear.

Results
In this study, we identified a putative group A PP2C-encoding gene (CePP2C19) from tiger nut using transcriptome analysis, which is highly induced by drought stress. The transient expression assay suggested that CePP2C19 was localized to nucleus. Furthermore, the interaction between CePP2C19 and CePYR1, a coreceptor for ABA signaling, was first detected using a yeast two-hybrid assay and then verified using a bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analysis. In addition, the transgenic Arabidopsis lines overexpressing CePP2C19 exhibited extreme tolerance to ABA and mannitol stresses during seed germination and root growth. At the mature stage, overexpression of CePP2C19 resulted in a higher tolerance to drought stress in transgenic Arabidopsis, as confirmed by a visible phenotype and several physiological parameters. Noticeably, the silencing of CePP2C19 by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed obvious reduction in drought tolerance in tiger nut plants.

Conclusions
The CePP2C19 emerges as a pivotal gene involved in the ABA signaling pathway, which likely reduce ABA sensitivity and thus enhances drought tolerance in Cyperus esculentus.