bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Social and Behavioral Change interventions on improving minimum dietary diversity among pregnant women and associated socio-economic inequality to improve nutrition outcomes in Rajasthan, India.
Authors: Sharma Anshita , Chanda Srei , Porwal Akash , Wadhwa Namita , Santhanam Divya , Ranjan Raghwesh , Shah Hemang , Adyanthaya Shachi , Meena Ramavatar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Maternal dietary diversity is a key to improving the birth and child health outcomes. Besides socio-economic factors, the nutrition specific program- Social and Behavioural Change Communication (SBCC) interventions aimed to improve maternal dietary diversity has varied levels of impact on the socio-economic groups in poor resource setups.
Objective: To measure the factors associated with the minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among pregnant women in selected districts of Rajasthan with special emphasis on the SBCC components. Additionally, it measures the socio-economic gaps in the behaviour of consumption of diversified diet during pregnancy.
Methods: Data from a cross sectional survey of 6848 pregnant women, who have received a continuous SBCC counselling and registered under a state introduced conditional cash transfer program, during May to June, 2023, in five intervention districts -Banswara, Baran, Dunagrpur, Pratapgarh and Udaipur in Rajasthan was used. A 24 hour recall based food consumption behaviour has been gathered to measure the MDD of pregnant women. Study has used descriptive statistics, multivariate regressions, and multivariate decomposition analysis to address the research objectives.
Results:
Study finds that only 55.2% of pregnant women are consuming diverse diet in the study duration with mean dietary diversity score is 4.8 (+/- 1.5). Logistic regression finds that SBCC components such as frontline workers (aOR= 1.3, CI: 1.1-1.4), community motivators (aOR= 1.9, CI: 1.7-2.1), and participation in MCHND (aOR= 1.0, CI: .9-1.2) have significant and higher likelihood on consumption of MDD food on previous day. A higher education and belonging from richer wealth quintile also show higher association for consumption of MDD. Multivariate decomposition shows, among richest and poorest wealth categories there is 19 percentage point difference (58% Difference due to coefficient vs. 42% difference due to composition) in MDD consumption. This is positively contributed by the caste and educational categories of women.
Conclusion:
Despite a predominant vegetarian diet consuming population, better maternal dietary diversity was observed among those exposed to higher dose of SBCC intervention package. Educational status and caste of the respondent were significantly associated with minimum dietary diversity and contributed to the socio-economic inequality highlighting the importance of tailored and sustained SBCC interventions.
Metaphorical Analysis of Medical School Students' Perceptions of Schizophrenia: A Case Study in Türkiye
Authors: Aker Servet , Böke Ömer , KAHVE Aybeniz Civan , Aker Arzu Alptekin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose: It is widely recognized that the attitudes of physicians toward mental disorders have a significant impact on the prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of these conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the perceptions of first and sixth-year medical school students regarding schizophrenia through metaphors.
Methods: The research utilized a phenomenological design, one of the basic qualitative research designs. The study was conducted among the students of Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine. First and sixth-year medical school students were included in the study. The "metaphorical perceptions data collection form," developed by the researchers, was used. The form consisted of two parts: the first part included students' demographic characteristics, and the second part aimed to determine students' metaphors for schizophrenia through the sentence "Schizophrenia is like ..., because ... (In your opinion, what does schizophrenia resemble? Why?)." The metaphors developed by 144 medical school students about schizophrenia were evaluated within the scope of the study.
Results: Approximately half of the metaphors developed by medical school students about schizophrenia were related to the symptomatology of schizophrenia, which constitutes the diagnostic criteria of disorder. The other half of the metaphors developed by students reflected their views that schizophrenia is uncontrollable, a harmful element, or in need of care and attention. There was no categorical difference between first and sixth-year medical school students in terms of the metaphors they developed.
Conclusions: Implementing more contemporary and innovative educational models is essential to reduce negative attitudes towards mental disorders in faculties of medicine.
The prenatal nicotine exposure leads to epigenetic alterations in nervous system signaling genes in the rat
Authors: Muriel Jose Antonio Muriel , Dali Ouzna , Baco Ana Vargas , Tevosian Sergei , Hayward Linda F. , Zubcevic Jasenka , Smagulova Fatima 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background.
Prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) has been documented to impose numerous deleterious effects on fetal development. However, the epigenetic changes promoted by nicotine exposure on germ cell are still not well understood.
Objectives.
In this study, we focused on elucidating the impact of prenatal nicotine exposure on regulatory epigenetic mechanisms important for germ cells development.
Methods.
Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to nicotine during pregnancy and male progeny was analyzed at 11 weeks of age. Testis morphology was analyzed using frozen testis sections and expression of germ cell markers was examined by RT-qPCR; regulatory histone modifications were assessed by Western Blot (WB). A genome-wide DNA methylation was analyzed using Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP)-seq. We also carried out transcriptomics analysis in pituitary gland with RNA-seq.
Results.
We show that gestational exposure to nicotine reduces germ cell numbers, perturbs meiosis, affects the expression of germ line reprogramming responsive genes and impacts the DNA methylation at nervous system genes in the testis. Besides that, PNE leads to perturbation of gene expression in the pituitary gland.
Conclusions.
Our data demonstrate that PNE leads to perturbation of male spermatogenesis and the observed effects are associated with peripheral nervous system signaling pathway changes. Alterations in the expression of genes associated with diverse roster of biological activities such as cell migration, cell adhesion and GABA signaling in the pituitary gland suggest that effects of nicotine exposure are complex and initiated via alterations in the central nervous system.
Microscopic insight into evaporation and condensation of binary system ammonia-water with the effect of hydrogen bond
Authors: Tan Wei Jian , Kim Kek Seong , Siwayanan Parthiban , Choong Thomas Shean Yaw , Lock Serene Sow Mun , Tan Peng Chee , Ban Zhen Hong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Ammonia recovery for fertilizer and energy production faces a critical bottleneck: inaccurate prediction of evaporation and condensation rates in dilute solutions due to strong hydrogen bonds between ammonia and water. The presence of these bonds deviates the thermodynamics properties of ammonia water from standard laws like Henry's Law and Raoult's Law, hampering process optimization. As results, many of the ammonia water separation studies were conducted using specifically designed apparatus, and the results are bounded to said apparatus. This study introduces a novel method using Molecular Dynamics Simulations to tackle this challenge. We developed a simulation framework accounting for hydrogen bond interactions in low-concentration (20% wt%) ammonia-water mixtures. By systematically varying temperature under constant pressure, our approach tracks evaporation and condensation rates, revealing an efficient recovery strategy. At 140°C, ammonia evaporates at a rate of 609.22 kg·m-2·s-1 while condensate at 9.18 kg·m-2·s-1 under 20°C with, both at 0.4 MPa. Importantly, this strategy minimizes water loss, maximizing ammonia separation. These findings highlight the limitations of traditional models and demonstrate the power of molecular simulations in overcoming hydrogen bond challenges. Future work includes further validation against experimental data and exploring more complex mixtures for broader applicability. By unlocking accurate rate predictions, this work paves the way for optimizing ammonia recovery processes, boosting efficiency and sustainability in diverse fields.
Mathematics Subject Classification 65Z05, 76T06, 76T10, 80-10.
Extreme hydroclimatic events based on standardized precipitation (SPI) and streamflow drought (SDI) indices in the headwater region of the Paraíba do Sul River, Southeast Brazil: trends and climate variability
Authors: Coelho Andre Luis Souza , Lyra Gustavo Bastos , Herms Friedrich Wilhelm , Abreu Marcel Carvalho , Souza Lúcio Silva , Fraga Micael Souza , Cecílio Roberto Avelino 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The aim of this work were to i) assess the trends and climate variability of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Streamflow Drought Index (SDI); ii) identify the relationship between SPI and SDI vs the modes of climate variability ruled by the SST of the Pacific (Tropical and North) and Atlantic (North and South) and, iii) evaluate the ability of the SPI to characterize hydrological extremes (dry/wet) compared to the SDI in the headwaters of the Paraíba do Sul river, southeast Brazil. Long-time monthly rainfall and streamflow series from 1972 to 2016 (45 years) were used. No significant trend (modified Mann-Kendall) was observed for the SPI and SDI annual series. The series showed a higher frequency of positive SPI and SDI between 1972 and 1993 (period 1) and negative ones between 1994 and 2016 (period 2). These decadal patterns were related to the occurrence of the warm Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), with a greater frequency of El-Niño in period 1, and more significant occurrence and intensity of La-Niña in period 2. In the case of the extremes of the SPI and SDI, the most remarkable event of dry (wet) years coincided with years with a negative (neutral or positive) Atlantic Interhemispheric SST Gradient (AITG). Significant correlations exist between the SPI and SDI series at seasonal, semi-annual, and annual scales. However, years with extreme SPI did not necessarily coincide with the SDI, with the opposite also being observed. Therefore, the SPI should be used cautiously for monitoring dry/wet hydrological events.
Diagnostic Value of Hyperbilirubinemia and Basic Laboratory Tests in Simple and Complicated Appendicitis
Authors: KAPTAN Elif İpek , BARUT Dursun , TATLI Faik 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of total serum bilirubin and basic laboratory tests (white blood cell (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), Neutrophile Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Platelet count, Platelet Lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW)) preoperatively in determining the severity of AA in patients operated for AA and reported as AA (complicated-simple) as a result of pathology.Method The medical records of over the age of 18 who underwent appendectomy with the diagnosis of AA between January 2015 and December 2019 in the General Surgery Clinic of Harran University Faculty of Medicine were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups based on the pathology result as simple or complicated appendicitis. Demographic characteristics of all patients, preoperative laboratory tests values were evaluated.Results The mean age of 386 patients included in the study was 35.3 (18–88) years. Based on the pathology result, 296 (76.7%) patients were evaluated as simple; 90 (23.3%) patients were evaluated as complicated AA. According to the pathology result, the mean age of the complicated patients (p = 0.001), the mean length of hospital stay (p < 0.001), the mean NLR (p = 0.008), the mean PLR (p = 0.036), the mean total bilirubin (p = 0.002), and the mean preoperative CRP (p < 0.001) were significantly higher.Conclusion Although total bilirubin and CRP appear to be the most important diagnostic parameters in the differentiation of simple and complicated appendicitis in the preoperative period, no single parameter with high specificity has been detected.
Loss of β-arrestin2 aggravated condylar cartilage degeneration at the early stage of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhu Mengjiao , Huang Ziwei , Qin Jing , Jiang Jiafeng , Fan Mingyue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the role of β-arrestin2 in the development of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) at the early stage and the underlying mechanism.
Methods
A unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) model was established on eight-week-old wild-type (WT) and β-arrestin2 deficiency mice to simulate the progression of TMJOA. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) analysis were used for histological and radiographic assessment. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of inflammatory and degradative cytokines, as well as autophagy related factors. Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was carried out to assess chondrocyte apoptosis.
Results
The loss of β-arrestin2 aggravated cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone destruction in the model of TMJOA at the early stage. Furthermore, in UAC groups, the expressions of degradative (Col-X) and inflammatory (TNF-α and IL-1β) factors in condylar cartilage were increased in β-arrestin2 null mice compared with WT mice. Moreover, the loss of β-arrestin2 promoted apoptosis and autophagic process of chondrocytes at the early stage of TMJOA.
Conclusion
In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that β-arrestin2 plays a protective role in the development of TMJOA at the early stage, probably by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagic process of chondrocytes. Therefore, β-arrestin2 might be a potential therapeutic target for TMJOA, providing a new insight for the treatment of TMJOA at the early stage.
Prediction accuracy and heritability of UAV based biomass estimation in wheat variety trials as affected by variable type, modelling strategy and sampling location
Authors: Smith Daniel T.L , Chen Qiaomin , Potgieter Andries B , Chapman Scott C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
This study explores the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for estimating wheat biomass, focusing on the impact of phenotyping and analytical protocols. It emphasizes the importance of variable selection, model specificity, and sampling location within the experimental plot in predicting biomass, aiming to refine UAV-based estimation techniques for enhanced selection accuracy and throughput in variety testing and breeding programs.
Results
The research uncovered that integrating geometric and spectral traits with a partial least squares regression (PLSR) based variable selection workflow notably enhanced biomass prediction accuracy. A key finding was that models, tailored to specific maturity stages (vegetative, flowering, and grain-fill) were more accurate than those modelling the entire growth season for estimation of biomass at corresponding stages. However, experiment specific models did not significantly increase accuracy. The comparison between a permanent and a precise region of interest (ROI) within the plot showed negligible differences in biomass prediction accuracy, indicating the robustness of the approach across different sampling locations within the plot. Significant differences in the broad-sense heritability (H2) of biomass predictions across different experiments highlighted the need for further investigation into the optimal timing of measurement for prediction.
Conclusions
The study highlights the promising potential of UAV technology in biomass prediction for wheat at a small plot scale. It suggests that the accuracy of biomass predictions can be significantly improved through optimizing analytical and modelling protocols (i.e., variable selection, algorithm selection, stage-specific model development). Future work should focus on exploring the applicability of these findings under a wider variety of conditions and from a more diverse set of genotypes.
The effect of peri-operative pain neuroscience education on post-operative pain and recovery in adult patients receiving laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair---A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Peng Lihua , Wang wenjian , Zhang Dong , Liu Xiaonan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Peri-operative pain neuroscience education(PNE) is emerging as a peri-operative pain-specific cognitive therapy. To optimize the efficacy of analgesia for patients receiving laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, PNE was incorporated into multi-modal analgesia.
Materials and methods
A randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare conventionally peri-operative multi-modal analgesia (group CA) and the addition of pain neuroscience education into it (group PNE). Setting: this study was designed and conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital in Southwest China.patients receiving laparoscopic hernia repair. The peri-operative pain trajectory were investigated. Characteristics of peri-operative pain was evaluated with Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire (DN−4), central sensitization inventory (CSI) and pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) post-operatively. Pressure pain threshold was also compared between two groups .Post-operative quality of recovery was measured with EuroQol five dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L).The incidence of chronic post-operative pain at 3 months after surgery was also recorded.
Results
A total of 184 patients consented to participate in this study and finished follow-up.Compared with those receiving conventional analgesia (group CA,N = 91), patients in group PNE (N = 93) reported reduced intensity of acute pain from 12 till 72 hours after surgery and less dosages of opioid during hospitalization (p < 0.05). Catastrophizing, sensitization of peri-operative pain were reduced in group PNE (p < 0.05). Quality of recovery was improved till one month after surgery(p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The addition of pain neuroscience education into peri-operative multi-modal analgesia improved analgesic effect and quality of recovery for patients undergoing laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. This psychological analgesic regimen also helped reduce sensitization and catastrophizing of acute surgical pain in these patients.
In vivo magnetogenetics for cell-type specific targeting and modulation of brain circuits
Authors: Cheon Jinwoo , Choi Seo-Hyun , Shin Jihye , Park Chanhyun , Lee Jung-uk , Lee Jaegyeong , Yu Ri , Ambo Yuko , Shin Wookjin , Lah Jungsu , Shin Donghun , Kim Gooreum , Noh Kunwoo , Koh Wuhyun , Lee C. Justin , Lee Jae-Hyun , Kwak Minsuk , Kim Ju-Young 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Neuromodulation technologies have been essential in investigating the roles of neurons and their connectivity and brain functions. While magnetic neuromodulation holds unique capabilities of wireless and remote deep brain stimulations which are lacking for optogenetics or electrode-based tools, some of the earlier magnetic approaches have faced controversies due to the limited understanding of the working principles and poorly designed magnetic operating system. Furthermore, despite its utmost importance in neuroscience research, cell-type specific magnetic neuromodulation has not been reported. Here, we develop a nanomaterials-based magnetogenetic toolbox for the selective activation of specific neural populations with robust and temporally regulated neuronal responses in vitro and in vivo. In conjunction with Cre-loxP technology, the torque force generated by the nanomagnetic actuators activate Piezo1 ion channels, which are selectively expressed in the targeted neuronal populations. We demonstrate the power of this cell-type-targeting magnetic approach for remote and spatiotemporally precise control of deep-brain neural activity in multiple behavior models, including bidirectional feeding control, long-term neuromodulation for weight control in obese mice, and wireless modulation of social behaviors in multiple mice in the same physical space. Our study proves the potential of cell-type specific magnetogenetics toward effective and reliable research tools of life sciences, especially in wireless, long-term, and freely behaving animal studies of various scales from mice to primates with the advantage of magnetism.
Comparison of clinical characteristics and pathologic complete response (pCR) rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women under 35 years and older women with breast cancer
Authors: Dou He , Gao Tian , Li Zhao ting , Jia Si yuan , Luo Dan li , Ba Yu ling , Yu Ping yang , Li Fu cheng , Wang You yu , Chen Xing yan , Wang Jia nan , Xiao Min 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Age has been confirmed to be a very aggressive biological factor associated with the poor prognosis of breast cancer (BC) patients. But the understanding of young women's breast cancer (YWBC) is scarce. This study compares and evaluates the clinical characteristics and pCR rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in YWBC and older women with BC.
Patients and methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data, molecular subtypes, chemotherapy regimen, and pCR rates of 1419 non-metastatic BC patients from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019. Patients were classified according to age (35 years old and below vs above 35 years old) with the clinical parameters. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test for multivariate data using Logistic regression models. Any predictor variable with P < 0.05 in the univariate analysis was included in the multivariate regression analysis to study the relationship between different age groups and pCR.
Results
A total of 879 patients in this study were eligible for analysis, and 71(8.1%) female patients were ≤ 35 years old. YWBC were more likely to get pCR (25.4%vs15.6%, P = 0.033). The proportion of patients with a higher clinical stage was higher. Compared with elderly patients, YWBC patients were more likely to undergo breast-conserving surgery (BCS), multivariate analyses found similar results in different age groups, and more patients with HER-2 positive and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In the whole group, Age, PR expression, HER-2 expression, KI67 expression, and clinical stage were the independent predictors of pCR after NAC in BC patients (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our study found that age is the main factor affecting the achievement of pCR in patients with BC. YWBC has a higher clinical stage and a high proportion of HER-2 positive patients, which is the leading cause of poor prognosis. YWBC has a higher effect on chemotherapy. We need to pay more attention to this group and achieve individualized treatment, which will help us treat BC better and provide new targets and blueprints for our clinical therapy.