bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Neglected Locked Anterior Shoulder Dis- Location with Upper Brachial Plexus Injury
Authors: Shuja Uddin  , Ejaz Ahmad  , Husnain Khalid  , Hafiz M. Umar  , Ahmed Umair Asad Khan  , Mian M. Haneef  
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The most severe and least common side effects of shoulder dislocations are brachial plexus injury. Patients generally approach with a shoulder in abduction and external rotation, a behavior that orthopedic surgeons are accustomed to seeing in patients with an anterior type of shoulder dislocation. There are different viewpoints on whether surgery should be attempted to treat these old injuries with BPI and, if so, at what time.
Material and Method: We had a 25-year male old patient who was admitted through an outdoor clinic with a ‘neglected locked anterior dislocation’ that had been unrecognized for the last two months. After consent and fitness, he was managed with an open reduction as well as the Latarjet technique, followed by neurotization for BPI upper trunk after four months had passed with no improvement.
Result: The patient achieved 90 degrees of abduction and forward flexion in the 4th month of follow-up neurotization with a stable shoulder joint.
Conclusion: We advocate that old stuck shoulder dislocations along with BPI be reduced right after using an open method, stabilized by using the Laterjet intervention if still unstable, and surgically handle the wounded nerves after four months of no sign of regeneration.
Do Respiratory Maneuvers Affect Rght Hepatic Vein Waveform and Maximum Velocity in Post LDLT Recipients?
Authors: Muhammad Salman Rafique  , Bushra Bilal  , Sana Kundi  , Tahir Malik  , Kayenat Khan  , Huma Hussain  
Published: November 2023

AIM: Â To evaluate the effect of respiratory maneuvers on right hepatic vein (RHV) Doppler waveform and its maximum velocity in Living donor liver transplant (LDLT) recipients.
METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study performed at Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre (PKLI& RC), Lahore Radiology department. The sample size of the study, calculated according to WHO sample size calculator, was 30 patients after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of these patients were analyzed during their first post-operative week while staying in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). The Doppler waveform and maximum velocity of RHV were recorded during normal gentle breathing, following breath-hold after deep inspiration and then after quiet expiration. The waveforms that were recorded were triphasic, biphasic, or monophasic in the pattern. To assess the RHV flow quantitatively, the Damping Index was also calculated during all these three respiratory maneuvers as follows (DI=Minimum velocity/maximum velocity)
RESULTS: The maximum velocities during normal respiration, after quiet expiration and after breath-holding following deep inspiration were 125 cm/sec, 105 cm/sec and 94 cm/sec. The waveforms observed during gentle breathing were triphasic in 77%, biphasic in 10%, and monophasic in 13% of the patients. After quiet expiration, these were triphasic in 80%, biphasic in 6%, and monophasic in 13% of patients. However, after breath-hold following deep inspiration, the waveforms observed were triphasic in 42%, biphasic in 13%, and monophasic in 45% of the patients. (P <0.008)
CONCLUSION: The study showed that not only did the RHV waveforms show significant change from triphasic pattern to monophasic pattern, but also the peak velocities were lower following expiration. Therefore, during the Doppler ultrasound assessment of post-LDLT recipient patients, respiratory variations must be taken into consideration.
The national, regional, and global impact of glaucoma as reported in the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Wu Huifeng , Wang Yinjun , Li Feidi , Liu Zelong , Shi Feifei 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionWe investigated the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of glaucoma.Material and methodsThe estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was measured to assess trends in the age-standardized DALY rate from 1990 to 2019.ResultsThe global age-standardized DALY rate of glaucoma decreased with an EAPC of –1.00. The age-standardized DALY rate decreased least in high-SDI regions. Eastern sub-Saharan Africa had highest age-standardized DALY rate in 2019. At the national level, Mali had the highest age-standardized DALY rate in 2019.ConclusionsAlthough the global burden of glaucoma has decreased, the burden remain high in regions with low SDI values and in sub-Saharan Africa.
Penggunaan Strategi Genius Learning pada Materi Menulis Teks Eksposisi pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Sugiartinengsih Rina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this classroom action research is to improve the process and student learning outcomes in learning to write expository texts using the genius learning strategy. The method used in this research is CAR or classroom action research. This research focuses on improving students' ability in writing exposition texts. This research was conducted in class X-MIPA 1 SMAN 1 Sukahaji Majalengka, which is located on The Steet of Cikalong, Sukahaji District, Majalengka Regency. The research was conducted for 3 (three) months from August to October 2018. In the first cycle the test results for writing exposition texts had an average score of 70.83 while in the second cycle the average score was 82.80. There was an increase in the students' writing skill of exposition text by 11.97 points or 39.9%. In addition, the results obtained in learning to write expository texts using the genius learning strategy are a better learning process, this can be seen in changes in student behavior during learning. When learning in the first cycle there were still students who behaved negatively, while in the second cycle there were no students who behaved negatively. Keywords: writing, exposition text, genius learning strategies AbstrakTujuan penelitian tindakan kelas ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran menulis teks eksposisi dengan menggunakan strategi genius learning. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah PTK atau penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini berfokus pada peningkatan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis teks eksposisi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas X-MIPA 1 SMAN 1 Sukahaji Majalengka yang berlokasi di Jalan Raya Cikalong Kecamatan Sukahaji Kabupaten Majalengka. Penelitian dilakukan selama 3 (tiga) bulan mulai Agustus hingga Oktober 2018. Pada siklus I hasil tes menulis teks eksposisi nilai rata-rata 70,83 sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata 82,80. Terjadi peningkatan keterampilan menulis teks eksposisi oleh siswa sebesar 11,97 poin atau 39,9%. Selain itu, hasil yang diperoleh dalam pembelajaran menulis teks eksposisi menggunakan strategi genius learning adalah proses pembelajaran yang lebih baik, hal ini dapat dilihat pada perubahan tingkah laku siswa saat pembelajaran berlangsung. Saat pembelajaran pada siklus I masih terdapat siswa yang bertinggkah laku negative, sedangkan pada siklus II sudah tidak ada siswa yang bertingkah laku negatif.Kata kunci: menulis, teks eskposisi, strategi genius learning
Kesiapan Guru Bahasa Indonesia Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) dalam Menghadapi Program Merdeka Belajar
Authors: Imrotin Imrotin , Sari Ifit Novita 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMerdeka Belajar is a program that has been launched by the Ministry of Education and Culture since 2019. Teachers as part of the learning system are expected to always be ready for changes in the educational order, including being the independent learning mover (penggerak merdeka belajar). This study aimed to determine the readiness of Indonesian language teachers at the Vocational High School (SMK) level in implementing the Guru Merdeka Belajar program. The discussion review consisted of three domains of the learning process, namely: planning; implementation; and evaluation of learning. Research informants were Indonesian language teachers at the SMK level, both public and private, in the Batu City area, East Java, totaling 10 people who were selected by snowball purposive sampling. Data was collected via Google Form with open-ended questions and interviews via WhatsApp. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model with the stages of data reductions, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that: 1) teachers are ready to implement independent learning programs in the aspect of presenting material independently, involving students in apperception, becoming facilitators during learning, encouraging students to seek various learning resources, and being willing to receive feedback; 2) teachers are not ready in the aspect of designing objectives, methods, media, assessment tools, assessments, and follow-up feedback. AbstrakMerdeka belajar merupakan program yang dicanangkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan sejak tahun 2019. Guru sebagai bagian dari sistem pembelajaran diharapkan selalu siap dengan perubahan tatanan pendidikan, termasuk menjadi penggerak merdeka belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesiapan guru Bahasa Indonesia jenjang SMK dalam melaksanakan program Guru Merdeka Belajar. Tinjauan pembahasan terdiri dari tiga ranah proses pembelajaran yakni: perencanaan; pelaksanaan; dan evaluasi pembelajaran. Informan penelitian adalah guru Bahasa Indonesia jenjang SMK baik negeri maupun swasta di wilayah Kota Batu, Jawa Timur berjumlah 10 orang yang dipilih secara snowball purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui Google Form dengan pertanyaan terbuka dan wawancara melalui WhatsApp. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles and Huberman dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) guru siap melaksanakan program merdeka belajar dalam aspek penyajian materi secara mandiri, melibatkan siswa dalam apersepsi, menjadi fasilitator selama pembelajaran, mendorong siswa mencari berbagai sumber belajar, dan bersedia menerima umpan balik; 2) guru kurang siap dalam aspek perancangan tujuan, metode, media, alat penilaian, penilaian, dan tindak lanjut umpan balik.
Kecenderungan Guru dalam Menerapkan Pendekatan Student Centre Learning dan Teacher Centre Learning dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Firmansyah Asep , Jiwandono Nahnu Robid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAbstrak Curriculum changes are evidence that the education system in Indonesia continues to evolve according to the needs of the times. However, teachers as education implementers have not entirely adjusted their implementation in the field to the curriculum regulations that have been set. The curriculum used today demands a learning process that focuses on student activity and skills in learning or commonly referred to as the Student Center Learning (SCL) approach. However, there is still the implementation of the Teacher-Centered Learning (TCL) approach or teacher-centered learning which is no longer relevant to the current situation. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the approach used by teachers in the learning process, tends to the teacher (Teacher Center Learning) or to students (Student Center Learning (SCL). The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. Based on the analysis of the data from observations, there are three teachers who are still using the Teacher Center Learning (TCL) approach, meanwhile, there are four teachers who have used the Student Center Learning (SCL) approach. Teacher Center Learning AbstrakPerubahan kurikulum menjadi bukti bahwa sistem pendidikan yang ada di Indonesia terus berkembang menyesuaikan kebutuhan zaman. Namun, guru sebagai pelaksana pendidikan belum seluruhnya menyesuaikan implementasi di lapangan dengan peraturan kurikulum yang sudah ditetapkan. Kurikulum yang digunakan dewasa ini menuntut proses pembelajaran yang memusatkan pada keaktifan dan keterampilan siswa dalam belajar atau biasa disebut dengan pendekatan Student Centre Learning (SCL). Namun masih ada implementasi pendekatan Teacher Centered Learning (TCL) atau pembelajaran yang berpusat pada guru yang sudah tidak relevan lagi dengan keadaan saat ini. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pendekatan yang digunakan guru dalam proses pembelajaran, cenderung pada guru (Teacher Centre Learning) atau pada siswa (Student Centre Learning (SCL). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan analisis data hasil observasi, terdapat tiga orang guru yang masih menggunakan pendekatan Teacher Centre Learning (TCL). Sementara itu, guru yang sudah menggunakan pendekatan Student Centre Learning (SCL) terdapat empat orang. Jadi, dapat di sekolah menengah wilayah Cirebon Timur masih ada guru yang mengajar dengan menggunakan pendekatan Teacher Centre Learning.
Majas dalam Puisi Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil Karya Chairil Anwar
Authors: Sukron Sukron 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe problem that occurs in the field is that students' ability to analyze the elements of poetry is still low because students are not aware of the influence of figures of speech in poetry. In addition, the selection of teaching materials for the appreciation of literature is largely determined by the teacher's ability to analyze literary works. The general aim of this study is to find out the elements of the figurative language contained in Chairil Anwar's poem Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil as a means of enriching the intellectual insights of readers which can later be expressed in the form of appreciation of literary works and the creation of literary works. This research is qualitative, namely using descriptive-analytic research methods. The results of the study show that the use of a figure of speech has an important role because poetry is the embodiment of the poet's soul contained in the language medium. Even the figure of speech itself is often seen as a characteristic of a type of literature called poetry, although not all poetry features a figure of speech, in most of the poems, including the poem Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil, the use of a figure of speech is considered to be very supportive of poetic means and arrangement of meaning. The implications of this study refer to the possibility that the results of this study can be applied in the field. The study of the figurative language elements of Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil by Chairil Anwar can be used as teaching material for Literary Appreciation based on its relation to the criteria of teaching materials. AbstrakMasalah yang terjadi di lapangan adalah kemampuan siswa dalam menganalisis unsur-unsur puisi masih rendah karena siswa kurang menyadari pengaruh majas dalam puisi. Selain itu, pemilihan bahan ajar apresiasi sastra sangat ditentukan oleh kemampuan guru dalam menganalisis karya sastra. Tujuan umum penelitian ini untuk mengetahui unsur majas yang terdapat dalam puisi Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil karya Chairil Anwar sebagai sarana memperkaya wawasan intelektual pembaca yang nantinya dapat dituangkan dalam bentuk apresiasi karya sastra maupun penciptaan karya sastra. Penelitan ini besrsifat kualitatif, yaitu menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan majas memiliki peranan yang cukup penting karena puisi itu merupakan perwujudan jiwa penyair yang tertuang dalam media bahasa. Bahkan majas sendiri sering dipandang sebagai ciri khas bagi jenis sastra yang disebut puisi, meskipun tidak semua puisi menampilkan majas, namun pada sebagian besar puisi termasuk puisi Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil ini, penggunaan majas dianggap sangat menunjang bagi sarana kepuitisan dan susunan makna. Implikasi dari penelitian ini merujuk pada kemungkinan bahwa hasil penelitian ini dapat diterapkan di lapangan. Pengkajian terhadap unsur majas puisi Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil karya Chairil Anwar ini dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan ajar Apresiasi Sastra berdasarkan kaitannya dengan kriteria bahan ajar.
On the use of convolutional deep learning to predict shoreline change
Authors: Gomez-de la Peña Eduardo , Coco Giovanni , Whittaker Colin , Montaño Jennifer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The process of shoreline change is inherently complex, and reliable predictions of shoreline position remain a key challenge in coastal research. Predicting shoreline evolution could potentially benefit from deep learning (DL), which is a recently developed and widely successful data-driven methodology. However, so far its implementation for shoreline time series data has been limited. The aim of this contribution is to investigate the potential of DL algorithms to predict interannual shoreline position derived from camera system observations at a New Zealand study site. We investigate the application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and hybrid CNN-LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) networks. We compare our results with two established models: a shoreline equilibrium model and a model that addresses timescales in shoreline drivers. Using a systematic search and different measures of fitness, we found DL models that outperformed the reference models when simulating the variability and distribution of the observations. Overall, these results indicate that DL models have potential to improve accuracy and reliability over current models.
Introducing Transformative Plant Biotechnology: Unlocking the Secrets of Grass Stomata: Blue Light Response and the Role of Subsidiary Cells in Guard cell Starch Metabolism
Authors: Dang Trang 
Published: November 2023

Stomata are essential for controlling gas exchange and maintaining plant water efficiency. While most angiosperms have kidney-shaped stomata, grasses have unique dumbbell-shaped stomata, which respond faster to environmental changes. It's believed that the presence of two subsidiary cells in grasses enables rapid osmotic adjustments, leading to prompt stomatal closure or opening. This makes investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between subsidiary cells and guard cells crucial for enhancing plant adaptation to water-limited environments.Recent research on Arabidopsis thaliana has revealed that blue light triggers fast stomatal opening kinetics by rapidly degrading starch in guard cell. However, this process hasn't been thoroughly studied in dumbbell-shaped stomata of grasses, and the sugar transportation pathway between guard and subsidiary cells in grass stomata is poorly understood. To bridge these knowledge gaps, our research focuses on examining the metabolic processes of chloroplast starch in C3 grass stomata. Our findings demonstrate that grass stomata respond significantly to blue light independently of leaf photosynthesis, and subsidiary cells in grass stomata play a crucial role in the metabolism of guard cell chloroplast starch in response to blue light. These insights provide new perspectives on the significance of carbohydrates in the superior performance of grass stomata and present exciting research opportunities for exploring the molecular mechanism of guard cell chloroplast starch in dumbbell-shaped stomata.**Co-author**: D. SANTELIA
Editorial
Authors: Martins Lauber 
Published: November 2023

The editorial of Thermal Engineering of this issue continues the discussion on scientific research needs in vital areas in which thermal engineering has important participation. The main goal is to motivate the readers, within their specialties, to identify possible subjects for their future research. The naval sector dominates global commerce totalizing more than 80% of volumes transported]. Heavy fuel oil and marine gas oil are the most utilized fuels and make up 2 to 3% of the human produced CO2 dumped in the atmosphere. Until the year 2050, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is committed to a 50% reduction of ship greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions with predicted full elimination by 2100. However, military ships are expected to require ten times more electric power than current navy vessels. As a result, the all-electric military ship initiative depends heavily on scientific research and development of environmentally benign high density power generation systems. In that scenario, fuel cells bring a possible path to problem solution. The low-temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is recognized to be the most popular FC. Although PEMFC has been used in transportation (e.g., vehicular, ships), PEMFC general use still brings several concerns, due to some shortcomings (e.g., water management, platinum content, Nafion membrane high cost, free energy demanding H2 availability). In parallel, there has been a demand to develop innovative and environmentally correct technologies for alternative energy sources to replace traditional fossil and nuclear sources, including the naval sector, for quite a while, and this need is current, and the main hurdles to overcome are the generation and storage of renewable energy in a technically and economically viable way. The mission of Thermal Engineering is to document the scientific progress in areas related to thermal engineering (e.g., energy, oil and renewable fuels). We are confident that we will continue to receive articles’ submissions that contribute to the progress of science.
Scott Joplin in the Overworld: Super Mario's Rag-Inflected Score
Authors: Heazlewood-Dale James C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A rolling banjo, walking bass, steel drum, and syncopated piano. What strange music to accompany your trials and tribulations throughout the Mushroom Kingdom. Eclecticism pervades the Mario franchise and manifests in its digital places, the ways players interact within them, and, indeed, the sounds emanating from them. Mario and his jumping adventures have long been in the hearts of players, the minds of scholars, and the ears of ludomusicologists. By engaging with Koji Kondo's scores for early Mario games, this article highlights an overlooked component in the iconic scores of early Super Mario games: ragtime music. Furthermore, this research contributes examples of African American and Latino musical creation and innovation to ludomusicological discourse. I argue that, as a means to connect, contextualize, and enhance Mario's movement with music, composer Koji Kondo draws from ragtime and early jazz styles because of their distinctive rhythmic qualities. His rag-inflected score establishes ragtime as fundamental to early Super Mario soundscapes. While a substantial ludomusicological body of literature focuses on the Western classical tradition in games, jazz-centered research is scarce. This cross-disciplinary research draws on a wide range of scholarly perspectives from jazz studies and ludomusicology, including work by Andrew Schartmann, Edward Berlin, Ingrid Monson, Neil Lerner, David Butler, and Charles Hiroshi Garrett. As game audio is indispensable in facilitating a player's sense of verisimilitude of Mario's imaginative and, at times, nonsensical worlds, an inquiry into how jazz participates in this unique audiovisual relationship is long overdue.