bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hormonell bedingte gynäkologische Krankheitsbilder im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Marchler Lisa , Malfertheiner Sara Fill , Köninger Angela , Riedl Marion 
Published: December 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBlutungsstörungen bei Adoleszentinnen zählen zu den häufigsten Vorstellungsgründen in der kinder- und jugendgynäkologischen Sprechstunde 4, 5. Sie gehören wie zahleiche weitere Pathologien zu den hormonell bedingten gynäkologischen Krankheitsbildern im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Da eine abnorme uterine Blutung (AUB) häufig auf die Unreife der Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Ovar-Achse zurückzuführen ist, erreichen hormonelle eher als nicht-hormonelle Therapien gute Erfolge, um die Zeit bis zur vollständigen Ausreifung dieser Achse zu überbrücken 11. Differenzialdiagnosen müssen immer mitbetrachtet werden. Bei den selteneren Krankheitsbildern, wie der Pubertas praecox und der Pubertas tarda und auch beim häufig auftretendem polyzystischen Ovarsyndrom, bedarf es einer umfangreichen Abklärung.
Dendropanoxide Attenuates High Glucose-induced Oxidative Damage in NRK-52E Cells via AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lee Song Hee , Kim Ju Ri , Shin Joo Kyung , Lee Jin-Sol , Kim Young Mi , Kwak Jeong Hwan , Kim Hyung Sik 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHyperglycemia is a potent risk factor for the development and progression of diabetes-induced nephropathy. Dendropanoxide (DPx) is a natural compound isolated from Dendropanax morbifera (Araliaceae) that exerts various biological effects. However, the role of DPx in hyperglycemia-induced renal tubular cell injury remains unclear. The present study explored the protective mechanism of DPx on high glucose (HG)-induced cytotoxicity in kidney tubular epithelial NRK-52E cells. The cells were cultured with normal glucose (5.6 mM), HG (30 mM), HG + metformin (10 µM), or HG + DPx (10 µM) for 48 h, and cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. Protein-based nephrotoxicity biomarkers were measured in both the culture media and cell lysates. MDA and AGEs were significantly increased in NRK-52E cells cultured with HG, and these levels were markedly reduced by pretreatment
with DPx or metformin. DPx significantly reduced the levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1), or neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in NRK-52E cells cultured under HG conditions. Furthermore, treatment with DPx significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity. DPx protects against HG-induced renal tubular cell damage, which may be mediated by its ability to inhibit oxidative stress through the protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin (AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway. These findings suggest that DPx can be used as a new drug for the treatment of high glucose-induced diabetic nephropathy.
DFT study of water on graphene: Synergistic effect of multilayer p-doping
Authors: Nezval D. , Bartošík M. , Mach J. , Švarc V. , Konečný M. , Piastek J. , Špaček O. , Šikola T. 
Published: December 2023

Recent experiments related to a study concerning the adsorption of water on graphene have demonstrated the p-doping of graphene, although most of the ab initio calculations predict nearly zero doping. To shed more light on this problem, we have carried out van der Waals density functional theory calculations of water on graphene for both individual water molecules and continuous water layers with coverage ranging from one to eight monolayers. Furthermore, we have paid attention to the influence of the water molecule orientation toward graphene on its doping properties. In this article, we present the results of the band structure and the Bader charge analysis, showing the p-doping of graphene can be synergistically enhanced by putting 4–8 layers of an ice–like water structure on graphene having the water molecules oriented with oxygen atoms toward graphene.
Manipulating the interlayer thermal conductivity in circular/collapsed carbon nanotube clusters
Authors: Qin Huasong , Jiang Wenwu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, we systematically investigate the interlayer thermal properties of circular/collapsed carbon nanotube (CNT) clusters using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The effects of circular/collapsed state, tube diameter, layer number, and temperature are explored. The results show that the interlayer thermal conductivity in both circular and collapsed CNT clusters increases with increasing tube diameter. However, the interlayer thermal conductivity is notably lower in the collapsed state, primarily due to reduced sample length. Furthermore, the layer number within the cluster significantly affects interlayer thermal conductivity. The temperature has a pronounced effect on circular CNT cluster, where higher temperatures reduce interlayer thermal conductivity, while collapsed CNT cluster remains insensitive to temperature changes. These findings have implications for thermal management and control in CNT cluster-based nanodevices, particularly in thermoelectric applications.
Spontaneous nucleation of vortex–antivortex pairs in confined magnetic microstructures
Authors: Shen Xiaochen , Bo Lan , Zhao Rongzhi , Hu Chenglong , Ji Lianze , Zhang Jian , Zhang Xuefeng , Dong Xinglong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Vortex–antivortex pairs have shown great potential in spintronics, where they can be used for information storage and logical devices. However, the physical mechanism for the nucleation of vortex–antivortex pairs is still unclear due to its metastability. We report on spontaneous nucleation of vortex–antivortex pairs in patterned Fe20Ni80 films (circular, square, hexagonal islands). By using a complex approach involving micromagnetic simulations, more in-depth understanding of vortex pair nucleation was achieved. A large amount of vortex–antivortex pairs appear in the as-grown magnetic film, which is the unstable high-energy state. Then, vortex and antivortex moves towards each other and annihilate, transforming magnetic structures and lowering the total energy of the system. With the decrease of sizes of microstructures, isolated vortex becomes stabilized due to confinement effect. These results provide a physical view for the nucleation of vortex–antivortex pairs and may be useful for design and optimization of magnetic microstructures for future spintronic applications.
Detecting meso-damage and subsurface cracks in a hard rock using frequency-modulated thermal wave imaging (FMTWI)
Authors: Jaiswal Mrityunjay , Sebastian Resmi , Mulaveesala Ravibabu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mines, tunnels, and hillside roadways that are subjected to high levels of stress are prone to massive and violent occurrences of rock failures. It results in a multitude of irreversible consequences, including the loss of human lives. Nevertheless, preceding rock failures, the development of micro and macrocracks, which are sometimes not discernible on the surface, takes place. Subsurface cracks indicate the degradation of rock and can be employed as a means to anticipate occurrences of rock failures and bursts. Therefore, the utilization of subsurface imaging techniques for rocks facilitates the estimation of the true strength of the rock mass. Nevertheless, in many instances, rock masses are not easily reachable, posing difficulties for standard techniques such as ground-penetrating radar or computed tomography (CT) scan imaging, to identify the cracks. Hence, this research endeavours to explore the feasibility of employing frequency-modulated thermal wave imaging (FMTWI) for identifying subsurface cracks and their coalescence in hard rocks through the utilization of numerical simulation and experimental methods. A model was constructed using the finite element method wherein artificial cracks were intentionally introduced into a cylindrical granite specimen based on the CT scan data acquired during the meso-damage analysis. The thermograms obtained were subjected to pre-processing and post-processing techniques, and afterwards compared with the CT scan images. The FMTWI tests were conducted in the laboratory to calibrate and validate the simulation results. The findings derived from the analyses of temperature profiles and thermograms indicate that this particular technology is a promising one and offers several advantages in comparison to alternative methods for detecting micro- or macrocracks in deep mines and tunnels.
Rapid learning of bearing signal pattern using CfCs promoted by a self-attention mechanism
Authors: Yang Yanli , Pan Weisheng , Zhou Huimin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Deep learning is helpful for improving the fault recognition ability of bearings, but this kind of model relies on a large number of training samples and computing resources. In this paper, an algorithm termed a closed-form continuous-depth neural network (CfC) assisted by an information compression-interaction (ICI) module and spatial conjunction attention (SCA) module (CfC-ISCA) is proposed. The ICI module extracts the main features of input signals, the SCA module is designed for positioning target features and capturing more useful features, and the CfC module is used to further fuse features and achieve rapid learning of samples. This algorithm can learn bearing fault signal patterns rapidly and has excellent fault identification ability under small sample conditions. Some public datasets are used to validate the model performance. The test results show that the proposed CfC-ISCA algorithm has comprehensive advantages in fault signal recognition, consumption of computing resources and fast learning compared to comparative methods.
A new approach to adaptive VMD based on SSA for rolling bearing fault feature extraction
Authors: Gao Shuzhi , Zhao Ning , Chen Xuefeng , Pei Zhiming , Zhang Yimin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Due to the structure of rolling bearings, will have various problems. So the early detection of rolling bearing faults is very important. Consequently, a precise method for extracting fault features is required. In this study, an adaptive variational modal decomposition (VMD) fault feature extraction method is proposed, utilizing the sparrow search algorithm (SSA). Firstly, a novel measurement index called impulse diversity entropy (IDE) is introduced, which better represents internal changes within the mode components. Secondly, the SSA is employed to select the optimal VMD decomposition parameters based on the IDE. Finally, a spectrum analysis is conducted on the mode component with the highest IDE to extract fault features. The experimental results show that this method has an accurate feature extraction ability and obvious advantages over other methods in distinguishing fault and interference frequencies because it is a special signal decomposition method.
Effects of pulse repetition frequency on bubble cloud characteristics and ablation in single-cycle histotripsy
Authors: Simon Alex , Edsall Connor , Maxwell Adam , Vlaisavljevich Eli 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective. Histotripsy is a cavitation-based ultrasound ablation method in development for multiple clinical applications. This work investigates the effects of pulse repetition frequency (PRF) on bubble cloud characteristics and ablative capabilities for histotripsy using single-cycle pulsing methods. Approach. Bubble clouds produced by a 500 kHz histotripsy system at PRFs from 0.1 to 1000 Hz were visualized using high-speed optical imaging in 1% agarose tissue phantoms at peak negative pressures, p-, of 2–36 MPa. Main results. Results showed a decrease in the cavitation cloud threshold with increasing PRF, ranging from 26.7 ± 0.5 MPa at 0.1 Hz to 15.0 ± 1.9 MPa at 1000 Hz. Bubble cloud analysis showed cavitation clouds generated at low PRFs (0.1–1 Hz) were characterized by consistently dense bubble clouds (41.7 ± 2.8 bubbles mm−2 at 0.1 Hz), that closely matched regions of the focus above the histotripsy intrinsic threshold. Bubble clouds formed at higher PRFs measured lower cloud densities (23.1 ± 4.0 bubbles mm−2 at 1000 Hz), with the lowest density measured for 10 Hz (8.8 ± 4.1 bubbles mm−2). Furthermore, higher PRFs showed increased pulse-to-pulse correlation, characteristic of cavitation memory effects; however, bubble clouds still filled the entire volume of the focus due to their initial density and enhanced bubble expansion from the restimulation of residual nuclei at the higher PRFs. Histotripsy ablation assessed through lesion analysis in red blood cell (RBC) phantoms showed higher PRFs generated lesions with lower adherence to the initial focal region compared to low PRF ablations; however, no trend of decreasing ablation efficiency with PRF was observed, with similar efficiencies observed for all the PRFs tested in this study. Significance. Notably, this result is different than what has previously been shown for shock-scattering histotripsy, which has shown decreased ablation efficiencies at higher PRFs. Overall, this study demonstrates the essential effects of PRF on single-cycle histotripsy procedures that should be considered to help guide future histotripsy pulsing strategies.
Clutter filtering of angular domain data for contrast-free ultrafast microvascular imaging
Authors: Jiang Liyuan , Chu Hanbing , Yu Jianjun , Su Xiao , Liu Jiacheng , Wu Haitao , Wang Feiqian , Zong Yujin , Wan Mingxi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective. Contrast-free microvascular imaging is clinically valuable for the assessment of physiological status and the early diagnosis of diseases. Effective clutter filtering is essential for microvascular visualization without contrast enhancement. Singular value decomposition (SVD)-based spatiotemporal filter has been widely used to suppress clutter. However, clinical real-time imaging relies on short ensembles (dozens of frames), which limits the implementation of SVD filtering due to the large error of eigen-correlated estimations and high dependence on optimal threshold when used in such ensembles. Approach. To address the above challenges of imaging in short ensembles, two optimized filters of angular domain data are proposed in this paper: grouped angle SVD (GA-SVD) and angular-coherence-based higher-order SVD (AC-HOSVD). GA-SVD applies SVD to the concatenation of all angular data to improve clutter rejection performance in short ensembles, while AC-HOSVD applies HOSVD to the angular data tensor and utilizes angular coherence in addition to spatial and temporal features for filtering. Feasible threshold selection strategies in each feature space are provided. The clutter rejection performance of the proposed filters and SVD was evaluated with Doppler phantom and in vivo studies at different cases. Moreover, the robustness of the filters was explored under wrong singular value threshold estimation, and their computational complexity was studied. Main results. Qualitative and quantitative results indicated that GA-SVD and AC-HOSVD can effectively improve clutter rejection performance in short ensembles, especially AC-HOSVD. Notably, the proposed methods using 20 frames had similar image quality to SVD using 100 frames. In vivo studies showed that compared to SVD, GA-SVD increased the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) by 6.03 dB on average, and AC-HOSVD increased the SNR by 8.93 dB on average. Furthermore, AC-HOSVD remained better power Doppler image quality under non-optimal thresholds, followed by GA-SVD. Significance. The proposed filters can greatly enhance contrast-free microvascular visualization in short ensembles and have potential for different clinical translations due to the performance differences.
Combined BNCT-CIRT treatment planning for glioblastoma using the effect-based optimization
Authors: Han Yang , Geng Changran , Altieri Saverio , Bortolussi Silva , Liu Yuanhao , Wahl Niklas , Tang Xiaobin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) are emerging treatment modalities for glioblastoma. In this study, we investigated the methodology and feasibility to combine BNCT and CIRT treatments. The combined treatment plan illustrated how the synergistic utilization of BNCT’s biological targeting and CIRT’s intensity modulation capabilities could lead to optimized treatment outcomes. Approach. The Monte Carlo toolkit, TOPAS, was employed to calculate the dose distribution for BNCT, while matRad was utilized for the optimization of CIRT. The biological effect-based approach, instead of the dose-based approach, was adopted to develop the combined BNCT-CIRT treatment plans for six patients diagnosed with glioblastoma, considering the different radiosensitivity and fraction. Five optional combined treatment plans with specific BNCT effect proportions for each patient were evaluated to identify the optimal treatment that minimizes damage on normal tissue. Main results. Individual BNCT exhibits a significant effect gradient along with the beam direction in the large tumor, while combined BNCT-CIRT treatments can achieve uniform effect delivery within the clinical target volume (CTV) through the effect filling with reversed gradient by the CIRT part. In addition, the increasing BNCT effect proportion in combined treatments can reduce damage in the normal brain tissue near the CTV. Besides, the combined treatments effectively minimize damage to the skin compared to individual BNCT treatments. Significance. The initial endeavor to combine BNCT and CIRT treatment plans is achieved by the effect-based optimization. The observed advantages of the combined treatment suggest its potential applicability for tumors characterized by pleomorphic, infiltrative, radioresistant and voluminous features.
Real-time reliable semantic segmentation of thyroid nodules in ultrasound images
Authors: Xing Guangxin , Wang Shuaijie , Gao Jie , Li Xuewei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective. Low efficiency in medical image segmentation is a common issue that limits computer-aided diagnosis development. Due to the varying positions and sizes of nodules, it is not easy to accurately segment ultrasound images. This study aims to propose a segmentation model that maintains high efficiency while improving accuracy. Approach. We propose a novel layer that integrates the advantages of dense connectivity, dilated convolution, and factorized filters to maintain excellent efficiency while improving accuracy. Dense connectivity optimizes feature reuse, dilated convolution redesigns layers, and factorized convolution improves efficiency. Moreover, we propose a loss function optimization method from a pixel perspective to increase the network's accuracy further. Main results. Experiments on the Thyroid dataset show that our method achieves 81.70% intersection-over-union (IoU), 90.50% true positive rate (TPR), and 0.25% false positive rate (FPR). In terms of accuracy, our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, with twice faster inference and nearly 400 times fewer parameters. Meanwhile, in a test on an External Thyroid dataset, our method achieves 77.03% IoU, 82.10% TPR, and 0.16% FPR, demonstrating our proposed model's robustness. Significance. We propose a real-time semantic segmentation architecture for thyroid nodule segmentation in ultrasound images called fully convolution dense dilated network (FCDDN). Our method runs fast with a few parameters and is suitable for medical devices requiring real-time segmentation.
Rotating disk: new physics discovered alongside the Sagnac effect
Authors: Rouaud Mathieu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The description of the rotating disk in special relativity is revisited to find a new property that could help to improve the performance of gyrometers. On a rotating disk, two particles which bounce in opposite directions at the vertices of a regular polygon are considered. On the return to the entry point, a clock measures the time difference. A particle moving in the direction of the rotation of the disc needs more time to make one complete turn. Even if that particle is a photon, as in the original Sagnac experiment. In this paper, the time difference is explained by the difference between clockwise and counter-clockwise trajectories, due to different Coriolis effects. The particular case of the slow disk where the two trajectories are very close and almost polygonal is studied. The theoretical existence of a transition between a classical and a relativistic regime is proved, and an experimental verification with an atomic interferometer is proposed. Although the novel effect discovered and the well-known Sagnac effect seem analogous, in detail, their behavior is quite different.
SCAPS-FDTD simulation of 20.1 % efficient Perovskite-SnS tandem solar cell based on alternative charge transport layers and Au-nanoparticles
Authors: Maoucha A , Djeffal F , Ferhati H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Perovskite-based tandem solar cells emerged as potential candidates for efficient photovoltaic applications. These devices exhibit high optical absorption properties and tunable direct band-gap. In this work, a novel lead-free Perovskite-SnS Tandem solar cell based on alternative charge transport layers combined with plasmonic-based light management approach is proposed. Accurate numerical investigation is carried out to assess the influence of the charge transport layers of top sub-cell on the optoelectronic properties of the tandem cell. The obtained results reveal the potential of SnO2 and CuO materials as electron and hole transport layers, respectively, demonstrating a good conduction band offset (CBO) and thereby enhanced recombination losses. Furthermore, the role of Gold-nanoparticles in enhancing absorption and light-trapping mechanisms in the bottom SnS-based sub-cell is investigated using FDTD computations. It is found that the optimized tandem cell with Au-NPs exhibits a high power conversion efficiency of 20.1%. Therefore, this work can open up new paths to boost the power conversion of Sn-based Perovskite/SnS Tandem cells for high-performance and eco-friendly photovoltaic applications.
Lewis and berry phases for a gravitational wave interacting with a quantum harmonic oscillator
Authors: Sen Soham , Dutta Manjari , Gangopadhyay Sunandan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this work, we compute the Lewis and Berry phases for a gravitational wave interacting with a two dimensional quantum harmonic oscillator in the transverse-traceless gauge. We have considered a gravitational wave consisting of the plus polarization term only. Considering the cross polarization term to be absent makes the Hamiltonian separable in terms of the first and the second spatial coordinates. We then compute the Lewis phase by assuming a suitable form of the Lewis invariant considering only quadratic order contributions from both position and momentum variables. Next, we obtain two Lewis invariants corresponding to each separable part of the full Hamiltonian of the system. Using both Lewis invariants, one can obtain two Ermakov-Pinney equations, from which we finally obtain the corresponding Lewis phase. Then making an adiabatic approximation enables us to isolate the Berry phase for the full system. After this we obtain some explicit expressions of the Berry phase for a plane polarized gravitational wave with different choices of the harmonic oscillator frequency. Finally, we consider a gravitational wave with cross polarization only interacting with an isotropic two dimensional harmonic oscillator. For this we obtain the Lewis phase and the total Berry phase of the system, which is found to be dependent upon the cross polarization part of the gravitational wave.