bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water and sodium restriction on cardiovascular disease in young chronic hemodialysis patients
Authors: LIANG Xue , WANG Wei , LI Han 
Published: January 2024

Background
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality in chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients. It remains unclear whether efforts to correct fluid overload in young CHD can reverse LVH. This prospective single-center cohort study evaluated left ventricular masses index (LVMI) evolution in fluid overloaded young CHD patients with or without water-sodium control.

Methods
A total of 106 young patients aged between 22 and 44 years on CHD were enrolled in this prospective, control study. Patients were divided into three groups according to the percentage of interdialytic weight gain (PIDWG (%) = 100% × (predialysis weight - dry weight)/dry weight) at baseline. Thirty-six patients with PIDWG more than 5% received health education to restrict water-sodium intake strictly (Group I). Other 36 patients with comparable fluid status levels (the PIDWG more than 5%) did not receive health education to restrict water-sodium intake strictly (Group II) and those with PIDWG less than 5% (Group III, n=34) were served as controls. Echocardiographic studies were performed to evaluate LVMI at baseline and then after 1, 3 and 6 months. The total follow-up time was 6 months.

Results
There was no significant difference in clinical data (such as age, gender, aetiology of renal failure and nutritional state, etc.) among the three groups at baseline. At baseline, the prevalence of LVH in Group I, II and III was 75.0%, 72.2% and 55.9%, respectively. LVMI was directly correlated with PIDWG (r = 0.779, P <0.01). After 6 months, the PIDWG in Group I decreased in mean by (3.77±1.09)%, and LVMI decreased in mean by (27.59±12.15) g/m2. The prevalence of LVH decreased in mean by 25.0%, and the blood pressure decreased in mean by (14.69±11.50) mmHg/(7.14±7.51) mmHg. The medication category and total medication frequency of hypotensive drugs significantly decreased in Group I at 6 months. However the urine volume and the levels of serum creatinine and serum albumin in Group I were not significantly different compared to the baseline. The level of LVMI in Group II was significantly increased after 6 months compared with the baseline. After 6 months, the level of LVMI in Group III were not significantly different compared with the baseline.

Conclusions
A high prevalence of LVH was present in young CHD patients, and was associated with fluid overload. Reduction fuild overload with water-sodium control can reverse LVH in young CHD patients.
Etiological features of cirrhosis inpatients in Beijing, China
Authors: SONG Guang-jun , FENG Bo , RAO Hui-ying , WEI Lai 
Published: January 2024

Background
The etiological spectrum of cirrhosis has changed over the years, but our knowledge of it is limited. The present study aimed to investigate the etiological features of cirrhosis inpatients and their variation in the past 18 years in Beijing.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients with cirrhosis diagnosed for the first time in Peking University People's Hospital from January 1, 1993, to October 25, 2010. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0.

Results
A total of 2119 cirrhosis inpatients were included in this study: 1412 (66.6%) male and 707 (33.4%) female. Chronic hepatitis B accounted for 58.7%; chronic hepatitis C for 7.6%; chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus co-infection for 0.8% (16 cases); alcoholic liver disease for 9.4% (200 cases); and autoimmune diseases for 9.4% (199 cases). In the past 18 years, the percentage of chronic hepatitis B has decreased from 75.2% to 48.7%; alcoholic liver disease has increased from 5.1% to 10.6%; and autoimmune disease has increased from 2.2% to 12.9%. The percentages of chronic hepatitis B and alcoholic liver disease were higher among men, whereas the percentages of chronic hepatitis C, autoimmune diseases and cryptogenic cirrhosis were higher among women.

Conclusions
Chronic hepatitis B was still the most common etiology of cirrhosis in China, but the percentage has been decreasing. The percentages of alcoholic liver disease and autoimmune diseases have been increasing. The etiological spectrum of cirrhosis inpatients differed significantly according to sex.
Surgical management of intrahepatic vessels in children with stage III/IV hepatoblastoma
Authors: PANG Yan-li , ZHAO Wei , YANG He-ying , LIU Qiu-liang , ZHANG Da , QIN Pan , YUE Ming , WANG Lei , ZHANG Jun-jie , WANG Jia-xiang 
Published: January 2024

Background
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare childhood tumor. We investigated the effect of intraoperative management of the intrahepatic major vessels in children with HB.

Methods
Between April 2005 and August 2012, surgical resection was performed on 50 children with hepatoblastoma. These children were divided into a vessel-ligation group (n=20) and a vessel-repair group (n=30). In the vessel-ligation group, the intrahepatic major vessels were ligated and removed together with the tumor and the affected liver lobe/liver parenchyma. In the vessel-repair group, the affected intrahepatic major vessels were dissected and preserved as much as possible and the normal liver lobe/liver parenchyma and blood supply from these vessels were also preserved. The outcomes were analyzed by postoperative follow-up.

Results
In the vessel-ligation group, two patients gave up surgery, six patients underwent palliative resection, and 12 patients underwent en bloc resection; four patients died of liver failure and eight patients fully recovered and were discharged. In the vessel-repair group, all 30 patients underwent en bloc resection and were discharged after satisfactory healing. After a follow-up time of 5-36 months (median: 20 months), two patient in the vessel-ligation group survived and 22 patients in the vessel-repair group survived.

Conclusions
Patients with HB can be successfully treated by tumor resection with vascular repair. This method prevents postoperative liver failure, ensures patient safety during the perioperative period, and allows for early chemotherapy.
Effect of oleic acid-induced acute lung injury and conventional mechanical ventilation on renal function in piglets
Authors: LIU Ai-jun , LING Feng , LI Zhi-qiang , LI Xiao-feng , LIU Ying-long , DU Jie , HAN Ling 
Published: January 2024

Background
Animal models that demonstrate changes of renal function in response to acute lung injury (ALI) and mechanical ventilation (MV) are few. The present study was performed to examine the effect of ALI induced by oleic acid (OA) in combination with conventional MV strategy on renal function in piglets.

Methods
Twelve Chinese mini-piglets were randomly divided into two groups: the OA group (n=6), animals were ventilated with a conventional MV strategy of 12 ml/kg and suffered an ALI induced by administration of OA, and the control group (n=6), animals were ventilated with a protective MV strategy of 6 ml/kg and received the same amount of sterile saline.

Results
Six hours after OA injection a severe lung injury and a mild-moderate degree of renal histopathological injury were seen, while no apparent histological abnormalities were observed in the control group. Although we observed an increase in the plasma concentrations of creatinine and urea after ALI, there was no significant difference compared with the control group. Plasma concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C increased (5.6±1.3) and (7.4±1.5) times in the OA group compared to baseline values, and were significantly higher than the values in the control group. OA injection in combination with conventional MV strategy resulted in a dramatic aggravation of hemodynamic and blood gas exchange parameters, while these parameters remained stable during the experiment in the control group. The plasma expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in the OA group were significantly higher than that in the control group. Compared with high expression in the lung and renal tissue in the OA group, TNF-α and IL-6 were too low to be detected in the lung and renal tissue in the control group.

Conclusions
OA injection in combination with conventional MV strategy not only resulted in a severe lung injury but also an apparent renal injury. The potential mechanisms involved a cytokine response of TNF-α and IL-6 in plasma, lung and renal tissues.
Association between the interleukin-13 gene and development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in southern Chinese Han population: a case-control study
Authors: GONG Yi , SHI Guo-chao , WAN Huan-ying , YANG Kun , PAN Chun-ming , CHENG Qi-jian , DAI Ran-ran , LI Qing-yun , LI Min , ZHOU Min , GUO Yi 
Published: January 2024

Background
Interleukin-13 (IL-13) has been implicated to be responsible for recruitment of inflammatory cells from the blood to the lung, regulation of matrix metalloproteinase and induction of mucin production and secretion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We determined plasma IL-13 levels in patients with COPD and investigated its association with common polymorphisms of IL-13 gene in a case-control study.

Methods
We genotyped 160 cases and 175 control subjects in a local hospital using Mass-ArrayTM Technology Platform then tested the association of four SNPs in IL-13 (rs1295685, rs1800925, rs1881457, rs20541) with COPD, and then determined plasma IL-13 levels in patients with COPD and controls.

Results
Association was found between IL-13 gene SNPs (rs20541 and rs1800925) and an increased risk of COPD. By linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, two blocks (rs1881457 and rs1800925; rs20541 and rs1295685) were found. The risk of COPD was found associated with the IL-13 gene polymorphism among southern Chinese Han population. Plasma IL-13 level was increased in COPD patients compared with controls.

Conclusions
The polymorphism of the IL-13 gene is associated with an increased risk of COPD in southern Chinese Han population. Plasma IL-13 levels were found elevated in patients with COPD.
Assessment effect of central venous pressure in fluid resuscitation in the patients with shock: a multi-center retrospective research
Authors: Hu Bo , Xiang Hui , Liang Hui , Yu Li , Xu Tao , Yang Jun-hui , Du Zhao-hui , Li Jian-guo 
Published: January 2024

Background
Central venous pressure (CVP) and intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI) were used to assess the fluid status. It has previously been shown that CVP is not as accurate as ITBVI for all the shock patients. We therefore hypothesized that the change of CVP has the ability to predict fluid responsiveness in some clinical cases of shock.

Methods
From September 1st 2009 to September 1st 2011, sixty-three patients with shock from different Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were collected into this retrospective study. All the patients received fluid challenge strategy (infusing 300 ml hydroxyethyl starch in 20 minutes), were monitored with CVP and pulse-indicated continuous cardiac output (PICCO). The correlation between changes in cardiac index (ΔCI), CVP (ΔCVP) and ITBVI (ΔITBVI) were analyzed. Fluid responsiveness was defined as an increase in CI ≥10%. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated for ΔCVP and ΔITBVI.

Results
For all the patients, there was no correlation between ΔCI and ΔCVP (P=0.073), but in the subgroup analysis, the correlation between ΔCI and ΔCVP was significant in those younger than 60 years old (P=0.018) and those with hypovolemic shock (P=0.001). The difference of areas under the ROC curves of ΔCVP and ΔITBVI were not statistically significant in the group younger than 60 years old or hypovolemic shock group (P >0.05, respectively). However, no similar results can be found in the group older than 60 years old and the other two shock type groups from ROC curves of ΔCVP and ΔITBVI.

Conclusions
ΔCVP is not suitable for evaluating the volume status of the shock patients with fluid resuscitation regardless of their condition. However, in some ways, ΔCVP have the ability to predict fluid responsiveness in the younger shock patients or in the hypovolemic shock patients.
Influence of dental restorative material properties on bond interface reliability: a finite element analysis
Authors: ZHAO Yan-tao , ZHANG Yu-mei , HOU Shu-xun , KONG Liang , LIN Jun , ZHAO Yi-min , HUO Na 
Published: January 2024

Background
Varieties of restorative materials are widely used in dentistry. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of different dental restorative materials on bond interface reliability.

Methods
A two-dimensional finite element analysis method was adopted to simulate the shear-bond efficacy test. The influence of elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio were investigated separately. Several dental restorative materials including resins, metals, and ceramics were analyzed in this study.

Results
The deformation and peak equivalent stress level of the dentin-adhesive interface rose sharply following a decrease in the elasticity of restorative materials, especially those with a low elastic modulus range. The influence of the Poisson's coefficient was not significant. Ceramics and gold alloy were preferred to resin composite in restorations bearing extensive shear load during service.

Conclusions
Restorative materials with an elastic modulus similar to that of teeth are not always the best clinical choice. This research provides a helpful guide for the application of different restorative materials in clinical practice.
Relationship between symptoms and weight-bearing radiographic parameters of idiopathic flexible flatfoot in children
Authors: YAN Gui-sen , YANG Zheng , LU Ming , ZHANG Jian-li , ZHU Zheng-hua , GUO Yuan 
Published: January 2024

Background
Idiopathic flexible flatfoot in children most frequently improves with age and remains asymptomatic. It is a physiological variation of the normality that does not require treatment unless it becomes symptomatic. The aim of this research was to investigate the reason why some individuals with flexible flatfoot become symptomatic by analysis of the differences in the relative alignment of each segment of the foot between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with idiopathic flexible flatfoot using radiographic measurements.

Methods
One hundred patients with idiopathic flexible flatfoot were retrospectively identified and divided into two groups: asymptomatic (n=50) and symptomatic (n=50). Standing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the foot were analyzed. Five measurements were calculated to describe the alignment of the foot. An independent-samples t-test and Logistic regression test were used for statistical analysis.

Results
Age and sex were similar in the two groups. The independent-samples test revealed significant differences in two parameters: the anteroposterior talonavicular coverage angle and the lateral talo-first metatarsal angle. When the Logistic regression test was performed, only the talonavicular coverage angle showed statistical significance.

Conclusions
The lateral displacement of the navicular bone, measured by the anteroposterior talonavicular coverage angle, seems to be related to the onset of symptoms. In individuals with otherwise normal flexible flatfoot, an increase in this angle might be an important risk factor for developing symptoms.
No association between cytochrome P450 2D6 gene polymorphism and risk of acute leukemia: evidence based on a meta-analysis
Authors: Ruan Xiao-lan , Li Sheng , Zeng Xian-tao , Xia Ling-hui , Hu Yu 
Published: January 2024

Background
Many studies indicated the human cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) gene polymorphism was associated with acute leukemia (AL) susceptibility, however, the results were inconsistent. So we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between CYP2D6*3 or CYP2D6*4 polymorphism and AL susceptibility.

Methods
We searched PubMed database up to February 20, 2013, and finally yielded 9 case-control studies including 1343 cases and 1843 controls which tested the association between CYP2D6*3 or *4 polymorphism and AL. After data extraction, we conducted a meta-analysis using the Comprehensive Meta Analysis software.

Results
Overall, no significant association between CYP2D6*3 or *4 polymorphism and AL risk was found in this meta-analysis (+ vs. -: OR=1.13, 95% CI=0.79-1.63; +/+ vs. -/-: OR=1.73, 95% CI=0.99-3.02; -/+ vs. -/-: OR=1.03, 95% CI=0.68-1.56; (-/+ and +/+) vs. -/-: OR=1.08, 95% CI=0.72-1.63; +/+ vs. (-/+ and -/-): OR=1.76, 95% CI=0.98-3.17). Similar results were also been found in stratified subgroup analysis. There was no publication bias.

Conclusion
CYP2D6*3 or *4 polymorphism might not be associated with AL susceptibility. However, the results need to be further confirmed by well-designed and high quality randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes.
Interleukin-18 promoter gene -607C/A polymorphism and tuberculosis risk: a meta-analysis
Authors: LI Dian-dian , JIA Liu-qun , GUO Shu-jin , SHEN Yong-chun , WEN Fu-qiang 
Published: January 2024

Background
Numerous studies have evaluated the association between interleukin-18 (IL-18) promoter gene -607C/A (rs1946518) polymorphism and tuberculosis (TB) risk. However, the results remain apparently conflicting. The aim of this study was to investigate whether IL-18-607C/A polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to TB.

Methods
Publications addressing the association between the IL-18-607C/A polymorphism and TB risk were selected from the Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases. Data were extracted from the studies by two independent reviewers. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0.25 and STATA 11.0 software.

Results
Eight case-control studies with a total of 1166 TB patients and 1734 controls were retrieved. Meta-analysis results showed significant association between IL-18-607C/A polymorphism and TB risk in all comparisons of the A allele versus C allele (OR=1.17, 95% CI 1.05-1.30, P=0.004), AA versus CC (OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.14-1.81, P=0.002), CA+AA versus CC (OR=1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.42, P=0.04) and AA versus CA+CC (OR=1.30, 95% CI 1.07-1.58, P=0.007). In subgroup analysis by nationality, a significant association between IL-18-607C/A polymorphism and TB risk in the comparisons of A versus C, CA+AA versus CC and AA versus CA+CC (OR=1.22, 95% CI 1.07-1.38, P=0.002; OR=1.31, 95% CI 1.06-1.61, P=0.01; OR=1.32, 95% CI 1.07-1.63, P=0.01, respectively) were found in Chinese population but not in Indian and Iranian populations.

Conclusion
This study suggests that the -607C/A polymorphism of IL-18 gene would be a risk factor for TB, especially in Chinese population. To further evaluate gene-to-gene and gene-to-environment interactions on -607C/A polymorphism and tuberculosis risk, more studies with thousands of patients are required.
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 protects rat pancreatic islets from cytokine-induced apoptosis through Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway
Authors: SUN Qi , XIANG Ruo-lan , YANG Yan-li , FENG Kai , ZHANG Kui , DING Wen-yi 
Published: January 2024

Background
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are inhibitors of cytokine signaling pathway involved in negative feedback loops. Although SOCS1 is an important intracellular suppressor of apoptosis in a variety of cell types, its role in cytokine-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis remains unclear. The present study investigated potential effects of SOCS1 on the cytokine-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis.

Methods
After successfully transfected with SOCS1/pEGFP-C1 or pEGFP-C1 plasmids to overexpress SOCS1, RINm5F (rat insulinoma cell line) cells were exposed to cytokines, interferon (IFN)-γ alone, IFN-γ+interleukin (IL)-1β, IFN-γ+IL-1β+ tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α respectively. Pancreatic β-cell apoptosis was assessed by using MTT, FACS, and caspase-3 activity assays. Protein phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) were verified by Western blotting and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), NF-κB and Fas were analyzed by RT-PCR.

Results
Overexpression of SOCS1 in RINm5F cells was shown to attenuate IFN-γ alone, IFN-γ+IL-1β and IFN-γ+TNF-α+IL-1β mediated apoptosis. Phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT1 significantly decreased in RINm5F cells which overexpressed SOCS1 protein. Overexpression of SOCS1 significantly suppressed cytokine-induced iNOS mRNA levels.

Conclusion
Overexpression of SOCS1 protects pancreatic islets from cytokine-induced cell apoptosis via the JAK2/STAT1 pathway.
Relationship among symptoms, mucosal injury, and acid exposure in gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: XU Ding-ting , FENG Gui-jian , ZHAO Li-li , LIU Yu-lan 
Published: January 2024

Background
Symptoms, endoscopy, and pH monitoring form the basis of diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Their relationship was meaningful for primary care physicians, but still unclear. Our research aimed to compare questionnaire, endoscopy, and pH monitoring and to analyze their correlations.

Methods
Three hundred patients who underwent the Reflux Disease Questionnaire (RDQ), endoscopy, and esophageal 24-hour pH monitoring from March 2007 to December 2010 in Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled. We analyzed the characteristics of different investigations and their relationships.

Results
Male (OR for mild reflux esophagitis (RE) = 2.433, severe RE = 8.386), body mass index (BMI) (OR for mild RE = 1.222, severe RE = 1.297), and hernia (OR for mild RE = 6.059, severe RE = 17.547), were found to be the risk factors for RE; age (OR=1.074) was correlated with severe RE. The consistency of questionnaire, endoscopy, and pH monitoring was poor: RDQ did not agree well with pH monitoring (κ=0.061), nor with endoscopy (κ=0.044); pH monitoring did not agree well with endoscopy (κ=0.316). However, the severity of mucosa injury in RE was associated with pathological acid exposure (PAE): reflux episodes of >5 minutes (P=0.035), the percentage time pH <4 (P=0.017), and the DeMeester score (P=0.016) increased significantly in patients with severe RE. Chest pain had poor relationship with RE or PAE.

Conclusions
Male, age, BMI, and hernia were probably risk factors for esophagitis. RDQ, endoscopy, and pH monitoring have their own focus and reinforce each other in diagnosis. Of the GERD symptoms, chest pain had negative correlation with RE or PAE.