bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID delirium and long COVID
Authors: Mitchell A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this chapter, there are seven articles dealing with serious infectious and inflammatory diseases. Article 1 provides a cardiologist’s detailed account of limbic encephalitis, emphasizing the fluctuating cognitive and emotional symptoms due to hippocampal and amygdala involvement. Article 2 offers insights from a neurologist on a unique presentation of autoimmune limbic encephalitis that affected him. Article 3 shares a physician’s personal journey with autoimmune encephalitis, highlighting the condition’s significant impact on mental well-being. Article 4 focuses on a psychiatrist’s challenging experience with COVID-19-related delirium and the lingering effects of long COVID. Article 5 discusses a doctor’s delirium episode following COVID-19, which included a period in intensive care. Article 6 reports another doctor’s experience with delirium, which followed a presumed meningitis infection. Finally, Article 7 is a gripping story of survival from a psychiatrist who battled streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
First Person Account COVID-19 Delirium in a Doctor: When Death Stalks the Mind
Authors: Arumi A. , Bulbena-Cabre A. , Bulbena A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this chapter, there are seven articles dealing with serious infectious and inflammatory diseases. Article 1 provides a cardiologist’s detailed account of limbic encephalitis, emphasizing the fluctuating cognitive and emotional symptoms due to hippocampal and amygdala involvement. Article 2 offers insights from a neurologist on a unique presentation of autoimmune limbic encephalitis that affected him. Article 3 shares a physician’s personal journey with autoimmune encephalitis, highlighting the condition’s significant impact on mental well-being. Article 4 focuses on a psychiatrist’s challenging experience with COVID-19-related delirium and the lingering effects of long COVID. Article 5 discusses a doctor’s delirium episode following COVID-19, which included a period in intensive care. Article 6 reports another doctor’s experience with delirium, which followed a presumed meningitis infection. Finally, Article 7 is a gripping story of survival from a psychiatrist who battled streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
Books by doctors/scientists recounting their personal experience of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Kapur Narinder , Bell Vaughan , Friedland Daniel , Kemp Steven 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter compiles six articles that provide a window into the varied experiences of those with multiple sclerosis (MS). Article 1 discusses a young postgraduate student in psychology grappling with the progressive form of MS, a variant less common than the typical relapsing–remitting type. Article 2 tells the story of a doctor who works as both an oncologist and a haematologist, and whose long history with MS intersects poignantly with personal loss. Article 3 is about a young lady who has a master’s in public health and works in a university setting. She describes the unique challenges in facing MS as a Pakistani-American, providing insights into the challenges of having a condition more prevalent in Western countries. Article 4 reveals how an obstetrician and gynaecologist navigates her professional duties while managing MS symptoms. Article 5 presents a physician’s account of living with MS and the complexities of treatment. Finally, Article 6 features a medical researcher’s reflections on the profound impact of good communication, or the lack thereof, in the journey with MS.
Epilepsy, my experience. The impact of compassion and hope amidst stigma and suicide
Authors: Laura A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter assembles four articles that delve into the personal experiences of those with epilepsy. Article 1 presents a family doctor’s narrative, highlighting the role of compassion and hope in confronting epilepsy-related stigma and low mood. Article 2 offers the reflections of a medical student on the stigma surrounding epilepsy and the complexities of disclosing such a diagnosis. Article 3 chronicles a paediatrician’s journey with epilepsy, from the early onset of complex partial seizures, to the diagnosis of hippocampal sclerosis, to surgical intervention, and then to dealing with career progression.
'The People' vs. the Liberal International Order?
Authors: Koch Cédric M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Why have populists been on the rise across liberal democracies since the 1980s? And, given their radical but diverse challenges of democracies and the liberal international order (LIO), which variety of populism gains under which conditions? Rather than emphasizing populists as a cause of the crises of liberal order, this book argues that the historical empowerment of liberal international institutions itself gradually undermined democratic legitimacy perceptions among citizens and thereby boosted varieties of populism. Moving beyond theoretical accounts and bridging comparative politics and international relations, it presents comparative evidence from survey data, party manifestos, societal data, and international institutional power across up to thirty-seven democracies between 1980 and 2019, using both statistical analyses and a comparative case study of eight states in the EU to support its claims. Accounting for existing economic, cultural, domestic political, and supply-side explanations, the book shows that normative political evaluations relating to international institutions contributed to gains for populist challengers across the spectrum in recent decades. But while evidence shows that the populist radical left’s (PRL) inclusionary populism does not challenge the LIO as an authoritarian and nationalist threat in contrast to the populist radical right (PRR), greater demand for the PRR’s distinctive ideology and more competition by (non-)populist parties explain why the PRL gained less in practice from processes of democratic legitimacy depletion in the LIO. Populism by itself thus seems unable to form a cosmopolitan democratic corrective in the new international politics of democratic legitimacy where alternative institutional trajectories now compete for citizen acceptance.
Creating Its Own Enemies?
Authors: Koch Cédric M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter develops the book’s main theoretical arguments, which explain why populism gained across many democracies in recent decades and which variety of populism gains under which conditions. It argues that self-undermining dynamics in the liberal international order (LIO) built over recent decades contributed to weakening democratic legitimacy perceptions among citizens over time. Since these dynamics boosted populists and are triggered by institutional features that are inherent to its liberal normative roots, the rise of the LIO itself contributed to gains for its own populist challengers. Second, the chapter argues that which populism gains from these processes depends on the type of democratic legitimacy depletion which liberal IIs amplify, as well as the strategic contestation of populist parties and their competitors in electoral politics. Ultimately, these factors predict that the populist radical right enjoys an asymmetric advantage over the populist radical left to mobilize endogenous democratic legitimacy depletion in the LIO.
‘The People’ vs. the LIO?
Authors: Koch Cédric M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter operationalizes and empirically studies how varieties of populism challenge liberal and democratic principles in the liberal international order (LIO). It first develops observable implications about how the mechanism of democratic legitimacy depletion may normatively vary across types of populism at the individual and party level to present either an authoritarian nationalist threat or a cosmopolitan democratic corrective. These expectations are then tested using survey data on citizens from up to thirty-seven liberal democracies between 1996 and 2017 as well as using case study evidence from populist party manifestos in an EU subsample. Results corroborate the key distinction between exclusionary and inclusionary types of populism including regarding international institutions. But they also provide further evidence that inclusionary populism on the radical left is disadvantaged to exploit democratic legitimacy depletion in the LIO, so that the rise of populism overall pushes the LIO more strongly towards nationalist authoritarianism rather than cosmopolitan democratization.
Introduction
Authors: Tse Peter Ulric 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The central question I seek to answer is this: What are the ultimate sources of human freedom, creativity, and meaning-making? My main thesis is that these capacities arise most fundamentally within internally generated virtual realities of our own creation, in which the laws of physics do not operate and virtually anything is possible. In other words, free will is most deeply rooted in the mental and neural operations that afford imagination, especially when these harness chance, constrained by our prior intentions. We can then try to implement the results of our imaginative deliberations, as the Wright brothers finally managed to do at Kitty Hawk, thereby altering material reality to suit our visions.
Remnant movement and smuggling in some Romance interrogative clauses
Authors: Pollock Jean-Yves , Poletto Cecilia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter argues that remnant movement to the HLP and to the LLP coexist in French and the NIDs. To show this it first concentrates on the ill-understood syntax of quoi (what), pourquoi (why), and que (what) in French. It also shows that the syntax of French questions crucially takes into account the fact that most qu-pronouns are both interrogative and (free) relative pronouns, this dual nature being reflected in their syntax. The chapter takes up the question of ‘smuggling’, inherent in remnant movement derivations, to account for the distribution of que and goes back to (some) Qu’est-ce que questions tackled in Chapter 2. It suggests a new approach to these, according to which, what follows Qu’est is a free relative—despite the (misleading) spelling conventions of Modern French—and Qu’est is a question about the entity denoted by the free relative. The interrogative syntax of some NIDs is also revisited and the particularly innovative interrogative syntax of younger generations of French speakers is illustrated and further analysed in its appendix.
On French est-ce que (‘yes/no’) questions and related constructions
Authors: Pollock Jean-Yves 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In addition to the Qu’est-ce que questions as analysed in Chapters 4 and 5, French has yes/no questions such as Est-ce que tu dors? (‘Is ce that you sleep?’ = ‘Are you asleep?’), Est-ce que Pierre est parti? (‘Is ce that Pierre is gone?’ = ‘Has Pierre gone?’), in which the est-ce que sequence shows up again. Style aside, these questions are interpreted as SCLI and CI interrogatives like Dors-tu? and Pierre est-il parti? In short, they are as monoclausal as their Qu’est-ce que counterparts. This strongly suggests that their respective syntaxes do share important features. Despite this, the chapter shows that a fully unified analysis cannot be correct: for example, in yes/no est-ce que questions, est may, though need not, be tensed, while it cannot be in Qu’est-ce que questions; Qu’est-ce que questions are fine in embedded contexts, but est-ce que questions are not. The chapter argues further that est-ce que (‘yes/no’) questions are derived by SCLI from a small clause embedded under est where ce is the predicate of an inverse copular clause. In short, while the ce+que sequence is a syntactic object in Qu’est-ce que questions—the (complex) complementizer of free relatives—it is not in est-ce que (‘yes/no’) questions. Nonetheless, the two types of questions are argued to share the property that what is spelled as est should be analysed as the root ε of the copula, obligatorily so in qu’est-ce que questions, optionally so in yes/no questions as regulated by general economy of computation constraints.
On free relatives and related constructions in French
Authors: Pollock Jean-Yves 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this chapter, Kayne’s anti-homophony heuristic is brought to bear on the occurrence of ce que in free relatives like Dis moice quetu veux (‘Tell me what you want’) and in understudied constructions like Je tiens à *(ce) quetu partes (‘I insist in this that you leave’ = ‘I insist that you leave’) and Paul se moquede *(ce) queses étudiants ne l’aiment pas (‘Paul laughs at this that his students don’t like him’ = ‘Paul doesn’t mind his students not liking him’). The chapter claims that an integrated analysis is possible and that in all such sentences, demonstrative ce licenses a non-lexical NP. This unification is possible if, in free relatives, demonstrative ce licenses the covert argument raised from the relative clause. Accepting this leads to denying that ce que and related entities like ceux, celui, celles are complex relative subordinators. This approach leads to syntactic analyses of ceux, celui, celles, ce à quoi, ce sur quoi, ce contre quoi, ce dont, and even parce que and en ce que (‘because’): all contain non-lexical NPs like PERSONNE, CHOSE, FAIT, etc. displaced to the complement position of ce for licensing purposes. In de+ce que clauses, ce licenses the entity FAIT that Kayne has argued is the covert antecedent of complement clauses. In à+ce que clauses like Je tiens à ce que tu partes (‘I insist that you leave’), to be seen in the light of ‘I’ll see to it that you leave’ in English, ce is tentatively claimed to license CHOSE, the non-lexical counterpart of chose in correlative constructions such as Je tiens à une chose: que tu partes (‘I insist on one thing: that you leave’). This general line of thought thus clearly requires the frontier between syntax and morphology to be redefined.
Introduction
Authors: Saward Michael , Diehl Paula 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This Introduction outlines the ‘radical proposition’ of Bodies, Spaces, Claims—that there is no political representation without performance. It previews the ways in which the book’s twelve chapters convey this proposition with a rich array of in-depth illustrative examples drawn from a variety of countries and settings. The Introduction discusses the interdisciplinary methods deployed in the book, defines key concepts such as performance and performativity, and describes how the volume’s authors both embrace and move well beyond the electoral frame for understanding representation.
The Performativity of Political Representation
Authors: Castiglione Dario 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter discusses the performativity of political representation in democracy. Such performativity consists in the capacity of political representation as a series of institutions and social practices to offer a public language and a public space for democratic politics. It is argued that political representation is, in Claude Lefort’s terms, democracy’s mise en scène. With Lefort, this chapter argues that in democracy the place of power is ‘empty’; but differently from Lefort, it argues that this emptiness does not mean a complete disembodiment of power, but rather its diffusion. In the last two sections, the chapter shows how political representation is instrumental in constructing the unity of the political community, as well as providing opportunities for the democratic subjects and their struggles for representation.
To Thine Own Self Be True
Authors: Severs Eline , Meier Petra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
When political actors claim to represent others, they also mobilize public images of self (e.g. bodily characteristics, personality traits) that attest to their capacity and right to speak on behalf of others. Existing literature has until now paid scant attention to how political actors’ embodied performances intervene in processes of political representation, and to what effect. This chapter elaborates on authenticity as a resource for performing political representation and unpacks the analytic and normative challenges it poses. When political actors appeal to their authenticity they allegedly make no claim on representation other than being ‘true to themselves’. Meanwhile, their appeals to authenticity may have detrimental effects on processes of political representation. We discuss four possible pitfalls: a relation of representation based on a claim for authenticity risks essentializing those represented, risks conflating authenticity with truth, enables antagonistic norm-breaking, and reduces opportunities for accountability.
The Council Chamber and the Politics of Encounter
Authors: Disch Lisa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter takes the framework of Michael Saward’s ‘Square’ (see Chapter 3) to analyse the politics of encounter on a local legislative body. It focuses on the mediators of representation, which include the physical space and its positioning of bodies, the authoritative documents that order the agenda and govern communication during a meeting, the expertise of city staff, and the narratives through which residents view local political conflict. It demonstrates that competition over the power to represent occurs along two axes: one that links representatives and constituents, and one that runs between elected officials and city staff. Encounters along the first axis are overt, but rare. Along the second they are more common but less perceptible, and can be magnified by the lens of the Square.
Shaheen Bagh
Authors: Rai Shirin M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Citizenship is a marker of belonging, an aspiration to participation, a representative claim, and also a key element through which the state brings the citizen into being and regulates their life within its boundaries. Citizenship is also performed, and through its performance reconstituted—through everyday and popular struggles, on local and global stages, as well as through changes in the law at national and international levels. This chapter explores the performative elements of citizenship and claim-making through examining a struggle against India’s Citizenship Amendment Act led by Muslim women. Using the performance lens, it analyses the women of Shaheen Bagh as performing counter-representations by invoking and enacting dissenting modes of citizenship that challenge India’s claims to being a democratic state under the current government.
Performing Political Myth
Authors: Peetz Julia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Focusing on contemporary performances that invoke the so-called ‘Founding Fathers’ of the United States, this chapter explores how myths of the American founding are mobilized in political representation. Drawing on instances of political speech from the left, the right, and the Supreme Court (Joe Biden, Mitch McConnell, Samuel Alito) as well as cultural representations of revolutionary memory (the musical Hamilton), the chapter explores how founding myths structure the perception of historical time in a way that makes certain claims to representation apposite and desirable, while delegitimating others. Scholarship of political representation needs to reckon with the continued power of political myth in contemporary politics, particularly in a post-truth context, in which myths continue to function as powerful points of identification because, regardless of their truth content, they work on audiences through affective storytelling.
Crisis Management
Authors: Gottschalk Petter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Corporate conformance in practice is needed to maintain a social license to operate, as discussed in this book. When conformance is violated, there is a need for measures to restore conformance and regain the social license to operate. Required measures have to align with expectations, values, and norms of stakeholders. Successful measures tend to be the result of communication with stakeholders based on creative ideas regarding opportunities for change. Therefore, creativity is an important element when violation has occurred. Creative ideas are characterized by novelty and usefulness.
Personal-Strain Deviance Cases
Authors: Gottschalk Petter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter presents three cases of crisis management for the recovery of the social license by corporate conformance. In the perspective of convenience theory, all three cases are explained by the motive dimension of threats of individual strain and pain. Threats represent pain and obstacles that everyone would like to avoid. Threats are universal triggers for fear of danger, pain, or harm. Fear is an unpleasant emotion caused by the threat of danger, pain, or harm. The threat of job termination or starvation can imply pain and suffering. Individuals experiencing threats tend to focus inward and to acquire resources as a means of compensating for threats. In threatening situations, the brain tends to shift into a state that facilitates mobilization of defense mechanisms. Threats imply the salience of risk of loss. Threats tend to bring about socially undesirable actions geared toward self-protection. To cope with threat, people rely on a variety of potential mechanisms to shield themselves from negative experiences and unpleasant feelings.
Binary Theories of Political Authority
Authors: Jubb Robert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter begins the book’s discussion of political authority by considering Rawls’ theory of civil disobedience. That theory depends on Rawls’ theory of political authority, which is binary and demanding, rejecting all claims to authority by regimes which are not at least nearly just. That means that Rawls must treat all challenges to the authority of liberal democratic regimes, which are too unjust to be fully authoritative, as in principle acceptable. The chapter also shows how common the assumptions that structure Rawls’ theory of political authority are, and so how common the problem his theory encounters is. Radical critics as well as those working in mainstream analytical political theory also tend to have binary and demanding theories of political authority. They also lack the resources to allow them to make sensible judgements about confrontations between liberal democracy and those whom it disappoints or angers.
Nonideal Political Authority
Authors: Jubb Robert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter explores whether a Rawlsian commitment to justice can avoid generating a binary view of political authority by considering work in nonideal theory. Some nonideal theorists reject a Rawlsian commitment to justice, although this may leave them with other, equally serious problems. Those who continue to treat justice as the first virtue of social institutions instead adjust ideal permissions to take account of wrongdoing. Kirshner and Shelby use, respectively, political principles and natural duties to articulate limits on acceptable action. However, in the absence of institutional guarantees or realization, it becomes very difficult to put limits on the demand for justice. Focusing on injustice makes the treatment of its victims unacceptable and grants them extensive permissions to try to secure what they are owed in whatever way they see fit, including through force and fraud. Rawlsian moralism cannot avoid binary theories of political authority.