bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volume Matters
Authors: Nzenwa Ikemsinachi C. , Panossian Vahe S. , DeWane Michael P. , Albutt Katherine H. , Hernandez-Barco Yasmin G. , Fernandez-del Castillo Carlos F. , Lillemoe Keith D. , Warshaw Andrew L. , Fagenholz Peter J. , Luckhurst Casey M. 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To examine the impact of hospital volume on mortality and healthcare utilization in patients admitted with necrotizing pancreatitis (NP).

Background:
Over 20% of patients with acute pancreatitis develop NP, which has been associated with higher rates of procedural intervention, morbidity, and mortality.

Methods:
Adult patients admitted with NP were identified in the 2016-2019 Nationwide Readmissions Database 2016-2019. Hospital volume cutoffs were defined by tertiles of total NP admissions per year (low-volume [<9 admissions/year]; medium-volume [9-25 admissions/year]; high-volume [≥26 admissions/year]). Subgroup analyses were performed for NP patients undergoing procedural intervention. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Multivariable logistic regression models determined the association between clinical outcomes and hospital volume.

Results:
A total of 25,483 patients were identified, 14.3% of whom underwent procedural intervention, with the highest rate of intervention occurring in high-volume hospitals. The most common interventions offered at low- and medium-volume hospitals were open necrosectomy and percutaneous drainage. In contrast, high-volume hospitals had increased rates of minimally invasive surgery and endoscopic management. High-volume centers had the highest mortality rate among all patients (7.3% vs. 6.6% vs. 5.5%, P<0.001) but the lowest among the intervention-only cohort (7.5% vs. 10.4% vs. 12.0%, P<0.001). After adjusting for confounders, high-volume centers had lower odds of mortality in all patients (odds ratio (OR) 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65-0.93) and in the intervention-only cohort (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.96). High-volume hospitals were also associated with a shorter hospital stay and lower healthcare costs.

Conclusion:
Management of NP at high-volume hospitals was associated with improved survival and decreased healthcare utilization. As interventional techniques advance, following evidence-based guidelines and implementing clear referral pathways will optimize outcomes for both patients and hospital systems.
Training Generalized Segmentation Networks with Real and Synthetic Cryo-ET data
Authors: Purnell Carson , Heebner Jessica , Nguyen Linh , Swulius Michael T. , Hylton Ryan , Kabonick Seth , Grillo Michael , Grillo Stephanie , Grigoryev Sergei , Heberle Frederick A. , Waxham M. Neal , Swulius Matthew T. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDeep learning excels at segmenting objects within noisy cryo-electron tomograms, but the approach is typically bottlenecked by access to ground truth training data. To address this issue we have developed CryoTomoSim (CTS), an open-source software package that builds coarse-grained models of macromolecular complexes embedded in vitreous ice and then simulates transmitted electron tilt series for tomographic reconstruction. Using CTS outputs, we demonstrate the effects of key microscope parameters (dose, defocus, and pixel size) on deep learning-based segmentation, and show that including both molecular crowding and diversity within synthetic datasets is key to training cellular segmentation networks from purely synthetic inputs. While very effective as initial models, the accuracy of these networks is currently limited, and real cellular data is necessary to train the most accurate and generalizable U-Nets. Using a co-training approach, we first segment over 100 tomograms from neuronal growth cones to quantify their cytoskeletal distributions and then we build a generalized cellular cryo-ET segmentation network called NeuralSeg that can segment a subset of cellular features in tomograms from all domains of life.
The Impact of Loneliness on Depression, Mental Health Days, and Physical Health
Authors: Akinyemi Oluwasegun , Abdulrazaq Waliah , Fasokun Mojisola , Ogunyankin Fadeke , Ikugbayigbe Seun , Nwosu Uzoamaka , Michael Mariam , Hughes Kakra , Ogundare Temitope 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionLoneliness is a significant public health concern and a well-established social determinant of health, affecting both mental and physical well-being. It has been linked to an increased risk of depression, anxiety, cardiovascular disease, and premature mortality. Despite growing awareness, loneliness remains an underrecognized and undertreated factor influencing population health.ObjectiveThis study examines the impact of loneliness on the likelihood of being diagnosed with depression, as well as its association with self-reported poor mental and physical health days.MethodsData were analyzed from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (2016–2023). The primary exposure was self-reported loneliness, captured through the question, “How often do you feel lonely?” with responses ranging from “Always” to “Never.” Main outcomes included depression diagnosis, poor mental health days, and poor physical health days. Covariates included age, race, gender, marital status, education, employment, state, year, metropolitan status, and language spoken at home. Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) was used to estimate the Average Treatment Effect (ATE), accounting for confounders and state and year fixed effects. Sampling weights ensured national representativeness, and robust standard errors accounted for clustering by state.ResultsAmong 47,026 participants, 82.4% reported experiencing some degree of loneliness, with 6.2% feeling “Always” lonely, 8.3% feeling “Usually” lonely, 37.9% feeling “Sometimes” lonely, and 29.9% feeling “Rarely” lonely. In contrast, 17.7% of participants reported “Never” feeling lonely. For further analysis, 2,609 individuals who reported feeling lonely were matched with 2,609 individuals who reported “Never” feeling lonely”, forming a balanced comparison group. The “Always Lonely” population was predominantly White (64.5%) and female (55.0%), with the majority aged 45–64 years. Loneliness was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of depression diagnosis, with a 39.3% percentage-point increase for those reporting Always lonely (ATE = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.34–0.44, p < 0.001). Loneliness was also associated with a 10.9-day increase in poor mental health days (ATE = 10.9, 95% CI: 9.8–11.9, p < 0.001) and a 5.0 day increase in poor physical health days (ATE = 5.0, 95% CI: 3.8–6.1, p < 0.001).ConclusionsLoneliness is a strong predictor of depression and poor mental and physical health. Interventions addressing social isolation could mitigate the negative health impacts associated with loneliness, improving population health outcomes.
Comparative Genomics Reveals LINE-1 Recombination with Diverse RNAs
Authors: Law Cheuk-Ting , Burns Kathleen H. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLong interspersed element-1 (LINE-1, L1) retrotransposons are the most abundant protein-coding transposable elements (TE) in mammalian genomes, and have shaped genome content over 170 million years of evolution. LINE-1 is self-propagating and mobilizes other sequences, includingAluelements. Occasionally, LINE-1 forms chimeric insertions with non-coding RNAs and mRNAs. U6 spliceosomal small nuclear RNA/LINE-1 chimeras are best known, though there are no comprehensive catalogs of LINE-1 chimeras. To address this, we developed TiMEstamp, a computational pipeline that leverages multiple sequence alignments (MSA) to estimate the age of LINE-1 insertions and identify candidate chimeric insertions where an adjacent sequence arrives contemporaneously. Candidates were refined by detecting hallmark features of L1 retrotransposition, such as target site duplication (TSD). Applying this pipeline to the human genome, we recovered all known species of LINE-1 chimeras and discovered new chimeric insertions involving small RNAs,Aluelements, and mRNA fragments. Some insertions are compatible with known mechanisms, such as RNA ligation. Other structures nominate novel mechanisms, such as trans-splicing. We also see evidence that LINE-1 loci with defunct promoters can acquire regulatory elements from nearby genes to restore retrotransposition activity. These discoveries highlight the recombinatory potential of LINE-1 RNA with implications for genome evolution and TE domestication.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Bayesian Inference of Binding Kinetics from Fluorescence Time Series
Authors: Bryan J. Shepard , Tashev Stanimir Asenov , Fazel Mohamadreza , Scheckenbach Michael , Tinnefeld Philip , Herten Dirk-Peter , Pressé Steve 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe study of binding kinetics via the analysis of fluorescence time traces is often con-founded by measurement noise and photophysics. Although photoblinking can be mitigated by using labels less likely to photoswitch, photobleaching generally cannot be eliminated. Current methods for measuring binding and unbinding rates are therefore limited by concurrent photobleaching events. Here, we propose a method to infer binding and unbinding rates alongside photobleaching rates using fluorescence intensity traces. Our approach is a two-stage process involving analyzing individual regions of interest (ROIs) with a Hidden Markov Model to infer the fluorescence intensity levels of each trace. We then use the inferred intensity level state trajectory from all ROIs to infer kinetic rates. Our method has several advantages, including the ability to analyze noisy traces, account for the presence of photobleaching events, and provide uncertainties associated with the inferred binding kinetics. We demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of our method through simulations and data from DNA origami binding experiments.
Exploring Synergies in Brain-Machine Interfaces: Compression vs. Performance
Authors: Cubillos Luis H. , Kelberman Madison M. , Mender Matthew J. , Hite Aren , Temmar Hisham , Willsey Matthew , Kumar Nishant Ganesh , Kung Theodore A. , Patil Parag G. , Chestek Cynthia , Krishnan Chandramouli 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIndividuals with severe neurological injuries often rely on assistive technologies, but current methods have limitations in accurately decoding multi-degree-of-freedom (DoF) movements. Intracortical brain-machine interfaces (iBMIs) use neural signals to provide a more natural control method, but currently struggle with higher-DoF movements—something the brain handles effortlessly. It has been theorized that the brain simplifies high-DoF movement through muscle synergies, which link multiple muscles to function as a single unit. These synergies have been studied using dimensionality reduction techniques like principal component analysis (PCA), non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), and demixed PCA (dPCA) and successfully used to reduce noise and improve offline decoder stability in non-invasive applications. However, their effectiveness in improving decoding and generalizability for implanted recordings across varied tasks is unclear. Here, we evaluated if brain and muscle synergies can enhance iBMI performance in non-human primates performing a two-DoF finger task. Specifically, we tested if PCA, dPCA, and NMF could compress and denoise brain and muscle data and improve decoder generalization across tasks. Our results showed that while all methods effectively compressed data with minimal loss in decoding accuracy, none improved performance through denoising. Additionally, none of the methods enhanced generalization across tasks. These findings suggest that while dimensionality reduction can aid data compression, alone it may not reveal the “true” control space needed to improve decoder performance or generalizability. Further research is required to determine whether synergies are the optimal control framework or if alternative approaches are required to enhance decoder robustness in iBMI applications.Significance StatementMany researchers believe that brain and muscle synergies represent a fundamental control strategy and could enhance brain-machine interface (BMI) decoding performance. These synergies, extracted through dimensionality reduction techniques, are thought to simplify complex neural data, improving the efficiency and accuracy of BMI systems. In our study, we evaluated brain and muscle synergies in a dexterous finger task. We found that while these synergies effectively compressed high-dimensional data, they did not improve performance through denoising or generalize well across different contexts. Instead, the highest performance was achieved when using all available data, suggesting that synergies, although useful for data compression, may not provide the “true” control space needed to enhance decoder robustness or adaptability in implanted BMI systems.
Effects of Neutron-Antineutron Transitions in Neutron Stars
Authors: Goldman Itzhak , Mohapatra Rabindra N. , Nussinov Shmuel , Shrock Robert 
Published: February 2025

We analyze effects of neutron-antineutron transitions in neutron stars, specifically on (i) cooling, (ii) rotation rate, and (iii) for binary pulsars, the increase in the orbital period. We show that these effects are negligibly small.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
How does the use of artificial intelligence affect sustainability rating in Middle Eastern universities?
Authors: Ronaghi Mohammad Hossein , Ronaghi Marzieh 
Published: February 2025

PurposeArtificial Intelligence (AI) technology, having powerful capabilities and rapid development, has been able to move the structures of businesses and organizational processes towards intelligent automation. The role of digital transformation in universities and educational institutions has an increasing trend. New business structures and the digitization of processes, other than the advantages they bring about, might have different effects on the environment and sustainability. This study aims to identify the effective factors on AI adoption and the effect of using this technology in educational institutions and universities on their sustainable performance.Design/methodology/approachThis research is applied using a quantitative approach. Universities selected for the study were ranked by Quacquarelli Symonds (QS). Of the 111 QS listed universities in the Middle East in 2023, 30 universities were randomly selected, and the research questionnaire was emailed to 50 people (administrative, educational and research staff) from each university. Information related to the level of AI technology acceptance and use was collected using a questionnaire among the university staff and faculty members; moreover, their relationship with universities’ sustainable performance scores was assessed. Path analysis and Smart PLS software have been used for data analysis.FindingsThe research findings showed that factors of technology performance, enjoyment, trust, social influence and organizational capabilities all have positive effect on AI adoption at universities. Also, the adoption of AI is considered as an effective factor in improving university sustainable performance. Therefore, based on exact data analysis using AI, universities can manage their activities and better control their environmental performance. Also, the use of AI can be effective in the availability to sustainable education in universities and the establishment of social justice in society. Accordingly, to facilitate executive processes and decision-making, policymakers in the field of science and university principals can improve administrative, educational and research processes via investing on AI, in addition to improving environmental activities and sustainable development.Originality/valueThe theoretical contribution of this research, other than designing an AI acceptance model for universities includes evaluating the relationship between using AI and university sustainable performance.
What factors moderate the relationship between the dual network tie strength of MNC’s foreign subsidiary in emerging markets and technological innovation?
Authors: Han Ga-Rog , Lee Jae-Eun 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis study examines the moderating effects of cultural distance and the nationality of foreign subsidiaries’ CEOs on the relationship between internal/external network tie strength and technological innovation. This study focuses on foreign subsidiaries of Korean firms operating in emerging markets, based on the knowledge-based view.Design/methodology/approachTo test the hypotheses, a survey was administered to 3,840 foreign subsidiaries of Korean firms in emerging markets. Questionnaires were distributed via phone and email, and 282 (7.34%) completed questionnaires were returned. Accordingly, an empirical analysis was conducted, and the hypotheses were tested.FindingsFirst, internal network tie strength had a significant negative effect on foreign subsidiaries’ technological innovation. Second, external network tie strength had a significant positive effect on foreign subsidiaries’ technological innovation. Third, as for the moderating effect, cultural distance negatively moderates the significant negative effect of internal network tie strength on the technological innovation of foreign subsidiaries. Fourth, cultural distance positively moderates the positive effect of external network tie strength on foreign subsidiaries’ technological innovation. Fifth, foreign subsidiaries’ CEO nationality (parent country nationals) positively moderates the negative effect of internal network tie strength on foreign subsidiaries’ technological innovations. Sixth, foreign subsidiaries’ CEO nationality (parent country nationals) negatively moderates the positive effect of external network tie strength on foreign subsidiaries’ technological innovation.Originality/valuePrevious studies found a positive relationship between dual network tie strength and technological innovation in foreign subsidiaries from a knowledge-based view. This study’s significance lies in its finding that the varying strengths of foreign subsidiaries’ internal and external network connections can have different impacts on their technological innovation in the context of subsidiaries operating in emerging markets. Additionally, the moderating effects of cultural distance and the nationality of the foreign subsidiary’s CEO were examined. Therefore, this study is significant because it expands the literature on technological innovation in foreign subsidiaries.
From chaos to clarity: how controlled vocabularies shape Indian social science repositories
Authors: Roy Aditi , Ghosh Saptarshi 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
The Confederation of Open Access Repositories (COAR) prescribes three types of controlled vocabularies for open access repositories (OARs): access rights, resource type and version type. Interestingly, COAR does not suggest a subject-specific vocabulary for organising content, whereas the subject parameter is one of the most preferred search categories used by information seekers. The purpose of the study is to investigate the use of controlled vocabularies in subject arrangement in OARs.

Design/methodology/approach
The study comprises eight stages. The first is to identify the total number of repositories enlisted in OpenDOAR under the social science domain in India. Next, the samples are selected, followed by data harvesting using MarcEdit OAI-PMH harvester plug-ins. The next step is to process the data and then consolidated controlled vocabulary is constructed by merging six existing thesauri. Then, a similarity matching algorithm is used to determine the usage of controlled vocabularies for subject arrangement. The last step is to evaluate the efficacy of controlled vocabulary in information retrieval.

Findings
The results revealed that subject arrangement differs largely in each repository. The study also showed that the use of controlled vocabularies in OARs for subject arrangement still needs to be standardised to enhance interoperability.

Originality/value
This research reflected that those controlled terms address issues, such as ambiguity, inconsistency and synonym variation, typically found with uncontrolled keywords through standardising subject metadata. This standardisation gives users a more reliable and user-friendly search experience, ultimately improving the discoverability and usability of open access content.
Family governance: understanding the relationship between informal family meetings, formal governance practices and family-centered non-economic goals
Authors: Gimenez-Jimenez Daniela , Calabrò Andrea , Torchia Mariateresa , Åberg Carl 
Published: February 2025

PurposeStemming from family and business governance arguments, this paper contends that informal family meetings are the baseline “informal governance mechanism” that shapes family-centered non-economic goals. However, it is foreseen that informal family meetings are most effective when family businesses implement formal family governance practices.Design/methodology/approachHypotheses are tested on a sample of 490 family firms using robust ordinary least square estimations.FindingsThe main findings suggest that informal family meetings are positively associated with family-centered non-economic goals and this relationship is fully mediated by the presence of formal family governance practices.Originality/valueThe use of new system theory for developing the hypotheses allows the study to contribute with a more comprehensive understanding of the social systems in family firms, and how interactions between the family logic and the business logic relate.
Professionalization in family businesses: the role of leadership style
Authors: Nasr Arash Khalili , Rashidirad Mona , Asgari Hatamabadi Hamze , Ghasempour Nejati Mobin , Hajli Nick 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis paper investigates the impact of various leadership styles on the professionalization and subsequent performance of family businesses.Design/methodology/approachUsing a survey method and employing a partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling, we tested our model and analyzed the collected data based on the responses of 216 managers in Iran.FindingsOur research demonstrates that professionalization mediates the relationship between leadership style and performance. Moreover, our findings show that the participative leadership style is the most effective option for family businesses seeking to achieve professionalization and improve performance.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, the sample used in this study was drawn from a single country, namely Iran. Second, although we adhered to established practices for measuring financial performance, future research could explore alternative dimensions of performance, including non-financial goals. Third, we did not investigate the impact of different leadership styles on each dimension of professionalization.Practical implicationsThese findings provide valuable insights for family business managers seeking to adopt a suitable leadership style to achieve professional management and realize favorable outcomes.Originality/valueOur study suggests that examining the potential impact of leadership styles on professionalization can provide clarity amidst mixed findings regarding the influence of professionalization on firm performance. Additionally, we challenge the oversimplified categorization of professionalization and argue for a multifaceted view, contending that professionalization comprises various dimensions acting concurrently and potentially mediates the effect of leadership styles on family business performance.