bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Academic pharmacist competencies in ordinary and emergency situations: content validation and pilot description in Lebanese academia
Authors: Safwan Jihan , Akel Marwan , Sacre Hala , Haddad Chadia , Sakr Fouad , Hajj Aline , Zeenny Rony M. , Iskandar Katia , Salameh Pascale 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
In the absence of a similar study in the Lebanese context, this study aimed to validate the content of the specialized competencies frameworks of academic pharmacists (educators, researchers, and clinical preceptors) and pilot their use for practice assessment in the context of multiple severe crises.

Methods
A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between March and September 2022 among academic pharmacists enrolled by snowball sampling using a questionnaire created on Google Forms.

Results
The suggested frameworks had appropriate content to assess the competencies of academic pharmacists. Educators and clinical preceptors were confident in all their competencies except for emergency preparedness. Researchers had varying levels of confidence, ranging from moderate to high confidence for many competencies, but gaps were reported in fundamental research, conducting clinical trials, and pharmacy practice research (mean < 80). Educators and researchers relied primarily on experience and postgraduate studies, while clinical preceptors emphasized undergraduate studies to acquire their respective competencies. Continuing education sessions/programs were the least cited as a competency-acquiring venue across all roles.

Conclusion
This study could develop and validate the content of frameworks for specialized competencies of academic pharmacists, including educators, researchers, and clinical preceptors, in a challenging setting. The frameworks were also piloted for practice assessment, which could contribute to supporting effective performance and sustained development of practitioners and help link the skills and competencies pharmacists learn during their studies with those required for a career in academia.
Pain science and practice as a ‘threshold concept’ within undergraduate and pre-registration physiotherapy education: a jewel of the curriculum?
Authors: Smart Keith M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Threshold concepts describe learning experiences that transform our understanding of a concept. Threshold concepts are variously: troublesome, transformative, irreversible, integrative and bounded.

Purpose
The aim of this narrative review is to consider the case for characterising pain science and practice as a threshold concept within undergraduate and pre-registration physiotherapy education.

Summary
This article considers the underlying tenets of threshold concepts as they relate to teaching and learning and the relative merits and limitations of characterising pain science and practice as a threshold concept within undergraduate and pre-registration physiotherapy education from both pedagogical and epidemiological perspectives. By evaluating pain, as it relates to physiotherapy education and practice, according to the five defining characteristics of a threshold concept then presenting data related to the epidemiology and impact of pain, the worthiness of characterising pain science and practice as a threshold concept will be discussed and further debate invited.
Nursing-sensitive quality indicators for quality improvement in Norwegian nursing homes – a modified Delphi study
Authors: Tevik Kjerstin , Helvik Anne-Sofie , Stensvik Geir-Tore , Nordberg Marion S. , Nakrem Sigrid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Use of nursing-sensitive quality indicators (QIs) is one way to monitor the quality of care in nursing homes (NHs). The aim of this study was to develop a consensus list of nursing-sensitive QIs for Norwegian NHs.

Methods
A narrative literature review followed by a non-in-person, two-round, six-step modified Delphi survey was conducted. A five-member project group was established to draw up a list of nursing-sensitive QIs from a preliminary list of 24 QIs selected from Minimum Data Set (2.0) (MDS) and the international Resident Assessment Instrument for Long-Term Care Facilities (interRAI LTCF). We included scientific experts (researchers), clinical experts (healthcare professionals in NHs), and experts of experience (next-of-kin of NH residents). The experts rated nursing-sensitive QIs in two rounds on a seven-point Likert scale. Consensus was based on median value and level of dispersion. Analyses were conducted for four groups: 1) all experts, 2) scientific experts, 3) clinical experts, and 4) experts of experience.

Results
The project group drew up a list of 20 nursing-sensitive QIs. Nineteen QIs were selected from MDS/interRAI LTCF and one (‘systematic medication review’) from the Norwegian quality assessment system IPLOS (‘Statistics linked to individual needs of care’). In the first and second Delphi round, 44 experts (13 researchers, 17 healthcare professionals, 14 next-of-kin) and 28 experts (8 researchers, 10 healthcare professionals, 10 next-of-kin) participated, respectively. The final consensus list consisted of 16 nursing-sensitive QIs, which were ranked in this order by the ‘all expert group’: 1) systematic medication review, 2) pressure ulcers, 3) behavioral symptoms, 4) pain, 5) dehydration, 6) oral/dental health problems, 7) urinary tract infection, 8) fecal impaction, 9) depression, 10) use of aids that inhibit freedom of movement, 11) participation in activities of interest, 12) participation in social activities, 13) decline in activities of daily living, 14) weight loss, 15) falls, and 16) hearing loss without the use of hearing aids.

Conclusions
Multidisciplinary experts were able to reach consensus on 16 nursing-sensitive QIs. The results from this study can be used to implement QIs in Norwegian NHs, which can improve the quality of care.
Unveiling the biology of defective viral genomes in vitro and in vivo: implications for gene expression and pathogenesis of coronavirus
Authors: Lin Ching-Hung , Chen BoJia , Chao Day-Yu , Hsieh Feng-Cheng , Yang Chun-Chun , Hsu Hsuan-Wei , Tam Hon-Man-Herman , Wu Hung-Yi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Defective viral genome (DVG) is a truncated version of the full-length virus genome identified in most RNA viruses during infection. The synthesis of DVGs in coronavirus has been suggested; however, the fundamental characteristics of coronavirus DVGs in gene expression and pathogenesis have not been systematically analyzed.

Methods
Nanopore direct RNA sequencing was used to investigate the characteristics of coronavirus DVGs in gene expression including reproducibility, abundance, species and genome structures for bovine coronavirus in cells, and for mouse hepatitis virus (MHV)-A59 (a mouse coronavirus) in cells and in mice. The MHV-A59 full-length genomic cDNAs (~ 31 kilobases) were in vitro constructed to experimentally validate the origin of coronavirus DVG. The synthesis of DVGs was also experimentally identified by RT-PCR followed by sequencing. In addition, the alterations of DVGs in amounts and species under different infection environments and selection pressures including the treatment of antiviral remdesivir and interferon were evaluated based on the banding patterns by RT-PCR.

Results
The results are as follows: (i) the structures of DVGs are with diversity, (ii) DVGs are overall synthesized with moderate (MHV-A59 in cells) to high (BCoV in cells and MHV-A59 in mice) reproducibility under regular infection with the same virus inoculum, (iii) DVGs can be synthesized from the full-length coronavirus genome, (iv) the sequences flanking the recombination point of DVGs are AU-rich and thus may contribute to the recombination events during gene expression, (v) the species and amounts of DVG are altered under different infection environments, and (vi) the biological nature of DVGs between in vitro and in vivo is similar.

Conclusions
The identified biological characteristics of coronavirus DVGs in terms of abundance, reproducibility, and variety extend the current model for coronavirus gene expression. In addition, the biological features of alterations in amounts and species of coronavirus DVGs under different infection environments may assist the coronavirus to adapt to the altered environments for virus fitness and may contribute to the coronavirus pathogenesis. Consequently, the unveiled biological features may assist the community to study the gene expression mechanisms of DVGs and their roles in pathogenesis, contributing to the development of antiviral strategy and public health.
MiR-4649-5p acts as a tumor-suppressive microRNA in triple negative breast cancer by direct interaction with PIP5K1C, thereby potentiating growth-inhibitory effects of the AKT inhibitor capivasertib
Authors: Jonas Katharina , Prinz Felix , Ferracin Manuela , Krajina Katarina , Pasculli Barbara , Deutsch Alexander , Madl Tobias , Rinner Beate , Slaby Ondrej , Klec Christiane , Pichler Martin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive and difficult-to-treat subtype of breast cancer that requires the development of novel therapeutic strategies. To pave the way for such developments it is essential to characterize new molecular players in TNBC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute interesting candidates in this regard as they are frequently deregulated in cancer and contribute to numerous aspects of carcinogenesis.

Methods and results
Here, we discovered that miR-4649-5p, a miRNA yet uncharacterized in breast cancer, is associated with better overall survival of TNBC patients. Ectopic upregulation of the otherwise very low endogenous expression levels of miR-4646-5p significantly decreased the growth, proliferation, and migration of TNBC cells. By performing whole transcriptome analysis and physical interaction assays, we were able to identify the phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase PIP5K1C as a direct target of miR-4649-5p. Downregulation or pharmacologic inhibition of PIP5K1C phenocopied the growth-reducing effects of miR-4649-5p. PIP5K1C is known to play an important role in migration and cell adhesion, and we could furthermore confirm its impact on downstream PI3K/AKT signaling. Combinations of miR-4649-5p upregulation and PIP5K1C or AKT inhibition, using the pharmacologic inhibitors UNC3230 and capivasertib, respectively, showed additive growth-reducing effects in TNBC cells.

Conclusion
In summary, miR-4649-5p exerts broad tumor-suppressive effects in TNBC and shows potential for combined therapeutic approaches targeting the PIP5K1C/PI3K/AKT signaling axis.
Postgraduates’ time management disposition and mental health: mediating role of life satisfaction and moderating role of core self-evaluations
Authors: Liu Shen , Song Minghua , Teng Han 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between postgraduates’ time management disposition and mental health. As such, it constructed a moderated mediation model to examine the mediating role of life satisfaction on the relationship between graduate students’ time management disposition and mental health and examine whether this role was moderated by core self-evaluations.

Methods
455 postgraduates were surveyed by the Adolescence Time Management Disposition Inventory, the Adolescent Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale, the revised version of the Chinese Core Self-Evaluation Scale, and the revised version of the Chinese General Health Questionnaire.

Results
Time management disposition, life satisfaction, core self-evaluation, and mental health were significantly correlated. Time management disposition indirectly affected mental health through the mediating effect of life satisfaction. Core self-evaluation moderated the second half of the mediating effect of time management disposition on mental health via life satisfaction.

Conclusion
The findings reveal the mechanism between time management disposition and mental health, which will help school educators to guide postgraduates in developing good time management disposition and improving life satisfaction and core self-evaluation, and thus improve their mental health.
Male spiny frogs enter the underwater battlefield with loose skin exhibiting enhanced penetration of capillaries into the epidermis
Authors: Xu Shuang , Dai Qiang , Zheng Yuchi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe skin has multiple functions, and capillaries can penetrate the epidermis to shorten the diffusion path while allowing maintenance of overall epidermal thickness for nonrespiratory roles. However, a method for quantifying the capillary penetration extent is lacking. Such a method may facilitate making comparisons and detecting associations, potentially making the extent a useful variable in biological studies. We quantified the extent as the ratio of the average minimum thickness of epidermis overlying each capillary to the average epidermal thickness along a skin section and then explored its performance in the Emei mustache toad, Leptobrachium boringii, a species in which breeding males with loose skin call and fight each other with maxillary spines underwater. The ratio showed informative associations with other variables, such as perfused capillary density. It displayed small intragroup variation and could be more sensitive than other variables in revealing structural differences in the skin. The ratio estimates were lowest and were correlated with epidermal and stratum compactum thicknesses in breeding males, i.e., a covariation but not reinforcement against stabbing, constituting early evidence consistent with the increased extensibility of loose skin conferring a defensive advantage during combat in amphibians. In addition, our results lead to the hypothesis that high hemoglobin density along subepidermal capillaries favors the maintenance of low blood partial oxygen pressure and hence increases cutaneous oxygen uptake. We also provide evidence supporting the new idea that the cooccurrence of loose skin and underwater calling found in some frogs can be explained by the latter benefiting from a large functional respiratory surface area. Awareness of the usefulness of the ratio may promote its application and the quantification of the penetration. Regarding exchange surface design, these findings for L. boringii imply a case in which looseness increases surface area as well as prevents damage.
Recommendations for embedding simulation in health services
Authors: Davies Ellen , Montagu Adam , Brazil Victoria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAspirations to achieve quality and safety goals in health services through simulation have led to significant investments in simulation equipment, space and faculty. However, the optimal governance and operational models through which these resources are expertly applied in health services are not known. There is growing evidence supporting ‘service’ models for simulation. In these models, simulation activities are co-designed and delivered by a team of simulation experts in partnership with health service units, specifically targeting quality and safety goals. Embedded simulation specialist teams working within these programs offer benefits not fully captured by traditional models of health education or by traditional systems for quality and safety.In this article, we explore broad and specific recommendations for establishing a simulation consultancy service within an Australian metropolitan health service. We base these recommendations on a review of current Australian practice and healthcare simulation literature, and on a specific example within a large outer metropolitan health service. The broad domains discussed include (1) governance and leadership; (2) human resources; (3) principles and planning; (4) operationalise and evaluate and (5) look to the future.The recommendations recognise that healthcare simulation is moving beyond solely addressing individual learning outcomes. The value of simulation addressing organisation and system objectives through various simulation modalities is increasingly being explored and demonstrating value. There is a growing demand for translational simulation in these contexts, and a consequent requirement for organisations to consider how simulation services can be successfully operationalised. Recommendations included in this paper are discussed and described with the intent of facilitating a deeper appreciation of the complexities associated with, and opportunities afforded by, a well-integrated simulation service.
Knowledge of child sexual abuse and attitudes towards reporting it among teachers and parents of children studying in selected primary schools of Udupi Taluk, India
Authors: Prabhu Shwetha , Prabhu Savitha , Noronha Flavia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Child sexual abuse is one of the major issues of concern globally. Teachers and parents being the child’s primary caregivers should be knowledgeable regarding child sexual abuse.

Aim of the study
This study aimed to assess knowledge about child sexual abuse, determine attitudes toward reporting child sexual abuse, and find the relationship between knowledge and the attitude among the teachers and parents of the children studying in selected primary schools of Udupi taluk.

Methods
A descriptive survey design was adopted; the study participants were 90 teachers and 50 parents of the children studying in selected primary schools of Udupi Taluk. The instruments used were demographic proforma, a structured knowledge questionnaire about child sexual abuse, and an attitude scale toward reporting it.

Results
Results depicted that 50% of the teachers had average knowledge and 50% had good knowledge about child sexual abuse. All the teachers reported a favorable attitude towards reporting child sexual abuse. Similarly, 80% of the parents had average knowledge about child sexual abuse, and a majority of 76% had a favorable attitude towards reporting child sexual abuse. Unfavorable attitude towards reporting child sexual abuse was reported by 24% of the parents. No statistically significant correlation was found between knowledge and attitude toward reporting child sexual abuse among parents ((χ2 = 1.891, p = 0.388). A significant association was found between teachers’ knowledge scores, their previous knowledge about child sexual abuse (χ2 = 7.56, p = 0.006), and the existence of a school counselor (χ2 = 5.40, p = 0.020). Likewise, the association was found between parents’ knowledge score, educational level of parents (χ2 = 18.3, p = 0.019), and marital status (χ2 = 18.5, p = 0.005).

Conclusion
Child sexual abuse is one of the major issues of concern globally. Teachers and parents being the child’s primary caregivers should be knowledgeable regarding child sexual abuse. As parents are not exposed to any training regarding identifying and reporting child sexual abuse, they may have unfavorable attitudes toward reporting it.
Smart phone-macro lens setup (SPMLS): a low-cost and portable photography device for amateur taxonomists, biodiversity researchers, and citizen enthusiasts
Authors: Riyaz Muzafar , Ignacimuthu Savarimuthu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
In the present era of scientific and technological advancements, the use of smartphones among people has witnessed a large-scale progression. The camera serves as an important tool on smartphones, and the quality of the built-in camera varies with megapixels. The quality of photography and videography can be enhanced by employing macro lenses that can provide precise and high-quality photographs for the documentation and monitoring of macroorganisms, particularly insects. We used a smartphone-macro lens setup (SPMLS), comprising a Redmi Note 8 Pro and Skyvik Signi-20 mm lens, along with Snapseed for image processing. The SPMLS, costing USD 217, was employed in the Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary, Kashmir, during May to October 2021 for insect diversity documentation. The aim of this study is to introduce and demonstrate the utility of SPMLS as an affordable and portable photography solution for enhancing image quality in biodiversity documentation, making it accessible to a wide range of users.

Results
In this study, we report a device that uses a smartphone and macro lens (SPMLS), which is a portable and low-cost photography gear for researchers, photographers, citizen enthusiasts, and the general public who are not able to buy high-end and costly photography equipment for field-based biodiversity studies. The utilization of SPMLS has significantly augmented the image resolution and pixel density, thereby substantially enhancing the overall photographic quality, demonstrating its substantial scientific utility.

Conclusions
The SPMLS device presented in this study can be useful for researchers, scientists, students, citizen enthusiasts, and common people that are engaged in the biodiversity monitoring and conservation of animal and plant species across the globe. In addition, the post-photography part of this paper provides users with an outlook on image editing, processing, uploading, and marketing of photographs on different platforms.
Application of UVC-LED/H2O2 in wastewater treatments: treatment efficacy on disinfection byproduct precursors and micropollutants
Authors: Leong Dexter , Chen Hao-Bin , Wang Gen-Shuh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for controlling microcontaminants are essential to meet the water quality criteria for potable or nonpotable water reuses. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the application of light emitting diode (LED) as a possible light source to substitute traditional low-pressure mercury lamp (LPUV) in UV/H2O2 processes in treating precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and pharmaceutical and personals care products (PPCPs) in wastewater. The results of this study revealed that UV fluence plays the most crucial role in the efficiency of UV/H2O2. At the same time, the initial concentration of H2O2, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and turbidity had minimal effects, except that poor efficiency result of UV/H2O2 was observed at a solution with low DOC concentration (2.4 mg L−1). Although the concentrations of organic matter decreased after UV/H2O2 treatment, the concentration of precursors of DBPs increased in the early stage of the photolysis process and decreased after that; moreover, the profiles of precursors for trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids were different. A comparison between LPUV and UVC-LED as light sources revealed that, at a fixed UV fluence input into the UV/H2O2 process, the trends and efficiencies in the degradation of organic matter and DBP precursors were similar. Meanwhile, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of UVC-LED should be improved for future applications in water treatment. Based on the UV/H2O2 treatment results on synthetic PPCPs wastewater solution, this study showed the effectiveness of UV/H2O2 to degrade micro organic contaminants.