bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unmasking company liability for corruption by associated persons
Authors: Abdul Raof Nurazlina , Abdul Aziz Norazlina , Omar Nadia , Md Amin @ Fahmy Wan Liza 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission Act 2009 (MACC Act) has introduced Section 17 A, which holds companies and their management accountable for bribery committed by their Associated Persons in the interest of the company. This study aims to explore the evolving concept of Associated Persons and corporate liability within this legal framework. It delves into three primary legal models of Associated Persons, particularly focusing on corrupt cases falling under Sections 17 A (1), 17 A (6) and 17 A (7) of the MACC Act. The study also investigates the extent of Associated Persons’ involvement in these cases that eventually led to company liability.

Design/methodology/approach
The study deployed thematic and comparative analyses to assess the legal framework and highlight the significance of Section 17 A of the MACC Act.

Findings
The study disclosed that, despite having corruption policies, there is still a possibility for Associated Persons to engage in corrupt activities. To ensure long-term business sustainability, it is crucial to implement effective mechanisms and a strong compliance culture.

Originality/value
This study suggests implementing a due diligence checklist and conducting risk assessments for companies as measures against corruption caused by Associated Persons. Corporate entities and legal professionals may benefit from the reported findings to better comprehend the corruption offences outlined in Section 17 A of the MACC Act.
Ethnography beyond the tribe: from immersion to “committed localism” in the study of relational work
Authors: Skovgaard-Smith Irene 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to propose a shift from the ideal of immersion to a practice of “committed localism” in the ethnographic study of relational work in the post-bureaucratic and service-based economy.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on ethnographic fieldwork following management consultancy projects in a hospital and a manufacturing company in Denmark. The approach was predicated on committed attention to the everyday of consultancy work activities and associated relational dynamics. This involved being present at the client sites, observing and listening in concrete situations of interaction and engaging in conversations with the multiple actors involved, both external consultants and members of client organisations.FindingsThe paper shows how “committed localism” was practiced in the ethnographic study of management consultancy as it is relationally accomplished in and through concrete situations of interaction between consultants and different actors in client organizations and the associated meaning production of the involved actors.Originality/valueThe paper develops the notion of “committed localism”, originally introduced by George Marcus, into a methodological concept to challenge the conventional ideal of immersion as the hallmark of “proper” ethnography. Such a shift is particularly pertinent for the ethnographic study of relational processes involving multiple actors occupying different positions in the temporary social spaces of contemporary workplaces.
The spillover effect of sudden environmental disasters on energy technology innovation: evidence from China
Authors: Liang Shan , Zhang Hui Ming 
Published: February 2024

PurposeExamine the effects of sudden environmental disasters on the advancement of both renewable and conventional energy technologies.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing panel data from 31 Chinese provinces spanning 2011 to 2022, the SEM (Spatial Error Model) dual fixed model is utilized to examine the impact of sudden environmental disasters on energy technologies.FindingsThe findings reveal that: (1) Sudden environmental disasters exert a markedly positive influence on the Innovation of Renewable Energy Technologies (IRET), while their impact on conventional energy technologies is positively non-significant. (2) Sudden environmental disasters not only significantly enhance innovation in local renewable energy technologies but also extend this positive influence to neighboring regions, demonstrating a spatial spillover phenomenon. (3) Research and Development (R&D) funding serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between sudden environmental disasters and renewable ETI. In contrast, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) exhibits a masking effect.Originality/valueConsequently, the study advocates for intensified efforts in post-disaster reconstruction following abrupt environmental events, an elevation in the quality of foreign direct investments, and leveraging research funding to catalyze innovation in renewable energy technologies amid unforeseen environmental crises.
Risk factors for complications after emergency surgery for paediatric appendicitis: a national prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Sogbodjor L. A. , Razavi C. , Williams K. , Selman A. , Pereira S. M. Pinto , Davenport M. ,   CASAP investigators, Moonesinghe S. R. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryAppendicectomy is a common procedure in children with a low risk of mortality, however, complication rates and risk factors are largely unknown. This study aimed to characterise the incidence and epidemiology of postoperative complications in children undergoing appendicectomy in the UK. This multicentre prospective observational cohort study, which included children aged 1–16 y who underwent surgery for suspected appendicitis, was conducted between November 2019 and January 2022. The primary outcome was 30‐day postoperative morbidity. Data collected included: patient characteristics; comorbidities; and physiological status. Multivariable regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for poor outcomes. Data from 2799 children recruited from 80 hospitals were analysed, of which 185 (7%) developed postoperative complications. Children from black and ‘other’ minority ethnic groups were at significantly higher risk of poor outcomes: OR (95%CI) 4.13 (1.87–9.08), p < 0.001 and 2.08 (1.12–3.87), p = 0.021, respectively. This finding was independent of socio‐economic status and type of appendicitis found on histology. Other risk factors for complications included: ASA physical status ≥ 3 (OR (95%CI) 4.05 (1.70–9.67), p = 0.002); raised C‐reactive protein (OR 95%CI 1.01 (1.00–1.01), p < 0.001); pyrexia (OR (95%CI) 1.77(1.20–2.63), p = 0.004); and peri‐operative oxygen supplementation (OR (95%CI) 4.20 (1.44–12.24), p = 0.009). In the UK NHS, which is a universally accessible healthcare system, ethnicity, but not socio‐economic status, was associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications in children having surgery for acute appendicitis. Further evaluations and interventions are required to address this health inequality in keeping with NHS and international priorities.
Association of peri‐operative prescription of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs with continued prescription of opioids after total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective claims‐based cohort study
Authors: Hussain N. , Brull R. , Gilron I. , Weaver T. E. , Shahzad H. , D'Souza R. S. , Abdel‐Rasoul M. , Clarke H. , McCartney C. J. L. , Abdallah F. W. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryNon‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the mainstays of multimodal pain management. While effective for acute pain control, recent pre‐clinical evidence has raised concerns regarding an association between NSAIDs and chronic pain and potential opioid use. Our objective was to explore the association between peri‐operative use of prescription NSAIDs and the need for continued opioid prescriptions lasting 90–180 days in previously opioid‐naïve patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. A database of health claims in the USA was used to identify all opioid‐naïve adult patients who underwent primary knee arthroplasty between January 2010 and October 2021. We evaluated the magnitude of association between peri‐operative prescription NSAID claims and claims for opioids at 90 days postoperatively using multivariable logistic regression models. Secondary outcomes included: the magnitude of association between peri‐operative NSAID prescription and claims for opioids at 180 days postoperatively; and identifying other potential factors associated with opioid claims at 90 days postoperatively. After risk adjustment using multivariable logistic regression models in the 789,736‐patient cohort, the adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) for a continuous claim of opioids at 90 and 180 days postoperatively among patients with a peri‐operative NSAID prescription within 30 days was 1.32 (1.30–1.35), p < 0.001; and 1.12 (1.10–1.15), p < 0.001, respectively. This estimate of effect remained robust at 90 days after accounting for known potential confounders, including pre‐existing knee pain and acute postoperative pain severity. Similar analysis of other pain medications (e.g. paracetamol) did not detect such an association. This population‐based cohort study suggests that peri‐operative prescription NSAID use may be associated with continued opioid prescription claims at 90 and 180 days after knee arthroplasty, even after adjusting for other observed covariates for continuous opioid claims. These novel findings can inform clinical decision‐making for post‐surgical pain management, risk–benefit discussions with patients and future research.
UK guideline on the transition and management of childhood liver diseases in adulthood
Authors: Joshi Deepak , Nayagam Jeremy , Clay Lisa , Yerlett Jenny , Claridge Lee , Day Jemma , Ferguson James , Mckie Paul , Vara Roshni , Pargeter Henry , Lockyer Rachel , Jones Rebecca , Heneghan Michael , Samyn Marianne 
Published: February 2024

SummaryIntroductionImproved outcomes of liver disease in childhood and young adulthood have resulted in an increasing number of young adults (YA) entering adult liver services. The adult hepatologist therefore requires a working knowledge in diseases that arise almost exclusively in children and their complications in adulthood.AimsTo provide adult hepatologists with succinct guidelines on aspects of transitional care in YA relevant to key disease aetiologies encountered in clinical practice.MethodsA systematic literature search was undertaken using the Pubmed, Medline, Web of Knowledge and Cochrane database from 1980 to 2023. MeSH search terms relating to liver diseases (‘cholestatic liver diseases’, ‘biliary atresia’, ‘metabolic’, ‘paediatric liver diseases’, ‘autoimmune liver diseases’), transition to adult care (‘transition services’, ‘young adult services’) and adolescent care were used. The quality of evidence and the grading of recommendations were appraised using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system.ResultsThese guidelines deal with the transition of YA and address key aetiologies for the adult hepatologist under the following headings: (1) Models and provision of care; (2) screening and management of mental health disorders; (3) aetiologies; (4) timing and role of liver transplantation; and (5) sexual health and fertility.ConclusionsThese are the first nationally developed guidelines on the transition and management of childhood liver diseases in adulthood. They provide a framework upon which to base clinical care, which we envisage will lead to improved outcomes for YA with chronic liver disease.
Needle pathogens of Rhytismataceae: Current knowledge and research opportunities for conifer foliar diseases
Authors: Ata Jessa P. , Burns Kelly S. , Stewart Jane E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNeedle diseases caused by pathogens within Rhytismataceae are increasing in frequency globally where pines are either a predominate species or are grown commercially, and yet remain poorly understood. Here, we provide background information on the current knowledge and management strategies of needle pathogens in the Rhytismataceae and discuss research opportunities using molecular tools to fill knowledge gaps. Many of the aggressive needle pathogens within this group lack morphological features to delimit species and are difficult to grow in axenic cultures, which complicates scientific investigations. Molecular research has greatly advanced knowledge of this unique group of pathogens. Nucleotide sequences from multiple gene loci identified greater diversity within this group of pathogens than previously thought, as new and cryptic species are being discovered in broader geographic regions. High throughput sequencing and analyses revealed that an endophytic lifestyle is a common trait among fastidious if not obligate needle pathogens within Rhytismataceae. Further, molecular analyses showed the impact these pathogens have on the diversity of endophytic microbiota is underestimated. Early detection in healthy‐looking needles using PCR‐based markers greatly improves capabilities for disease diagnosis and monitoring. Despite growing number of molecular studies on Rhytismataceae needle pathogens, fundamental questions on the taxonomy, phylogeny, ecology and pathology of many Rhytismataceae needle pathogens remain unanswered. Nonetheless, with the projected changes in the occurrence and severity of Rhytismataceae pathogens, increased accessibility to molecular tools vastly expands the potential to gain more insights into understudied needle pathosystems to help define and address its impact under changing environments and consequently inform forest disease management more effectively.
3D‐printed model for gingival flap surgery simulation: Development and pilot test
Authors: Antunes David , Mayeur Olivier , Mauprivez Cédric , Nicot Romain 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo assess the feasibility of a realistic model for learning oral flaps using 3D printing technology.Materials and MethodsA mould was designed to reproduce the mandibular gingival mucosa, and a mandibular model was created using a three‐dimensional printer for training undergraduate students to perform gingival flaps. After a short interview about its use, the participants were asked to use the simulator and provide feedback using a 5‐point Likert questionnaire.ResultsThe 3D‐printed oral surgery flap training model was practical and inexpensive. The model was very realistic, educational and useful for hands‐on training.Conclusions3D printing technology offers new possibilities for training in dental treatments that are currently difficult to replicate. The use of this simulator for oral flap surgery was well‐received and considered promising by the participants.
Therapeutic‐like activity of cannabidiolic acid methyl ester in the MK‐801 mouse model of schizophrenia: Role for cannabinoid CB1 and serotonin‐1A receptors
Authors: Richardson Brandon , Clarke Courtney , Blundell Jacqueline , Bambico Francis R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSchizophrenia is a psychotic disorder with an increasing prevalence and incidence over the last two decades. The condition presents with a diverse array of positive, negative, and cognitive impairments. Conventional treatments often yield unsatisfactory outcomes, especially with negative symptoms. We investigated the role of prefrontocortical (PFC) N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in the pathophysiology and development of schizophrenia. We explored the potential therapeutic effects of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) methyl ester (HU‐580), an analogue of CBDA known to act as an agonist of the serotonin‐1A receptor (5‐HT1AR) and an antagonist of cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R). C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally administered the NMDAR antagonist, dizocilpine (MK‐801, .3 mg/kg) once daily for 17 days. After 7 days, they were concurrently given HU‐580 (.01 or .05 μg/kg) for 10 days. Behavioural deficits were assessed at two time points. We conducted enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays to measure the concentration of PFC 5‐HT1AR and CB1R. We found that MK‐801 effectively induced schizophrenia‐related behaviours including hyperactivity, social withdrawal, increased forced swim immobility, and cognitive deficits. We discovered that low‐dose HU‐580 (.01 μg/kg), but not the high dose (.05 μg/kg), attenuated hyperactivity, forced swim immobility and cognitive deficits, particularly in female mice. Our results revealed that MK‐801 downregulated both CB1R and 5‐HT1AR, an effect that was blocked by both low‐ and high‐dose HU‐580. This study sheds light on the potential antipsychotic properties of HU‐580, particularly in the context of NMDAR‐induced dysfunction. Our findings could contribute significantly to our understanding of schizophrenia pathophysiology and offer a promising avenue for exploring the therapeutic potential of HU‐580 and related compounds in alleviating symptoms.
Vulnerability and perceived risks in the peer‐to‐peer sharing economy
Authors: Culiberg Barbara , Kos Koklic Mateja , Kukar‐Kinney Monika , Vida Irena 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe peer‐to‐peer (P2P) sharing economy, as an attractive alternative to permanent ownership, creates a triadic relationship among three groups of participants: service enablers, providers, and consumers. One of its main features is the expansion of the user's role to the roles of consumer and provider, or “prosumer.” However, in their role as prosumers, individuals may have an aversion to participating in the P2P sharing economy market due to their sense of powerlessness and lack of control, suggesting that their vulnerability needs to be considered. Despite their importance, prosumers have not received commensurate attention in the sharing economy literature. To address this gap, we examined prosumer vulnerability's impact on risk perceptions in the role of prosumer and illuminated these risks' impact on intentions to participate. The results from a U.S. survey indicate that vulnerability is a significant driver of all risk types, for both consumers and providers. Furthermore, psychological risk and security risk are found to significantly decrease intention to participate. Unexpectedly, social risk increases intention to participate among consumers and providers, while privacy and health risks are insignificant.
The correlation between sub‐epidermal moisture measurement and other early indicators of pressure ulcer development—A prospective cohort observational study. Part 1. The correlation between sub‐epidermal moisture measurement and ultrasound
Authors: Wilson Hannah Jane Elizabeth , Patton Declan , Budri Aglecia Moda Vitoriano , Boland Fiona , O'Connor Tom , McDonnell Ciarán Osmond , Rai Himanshu , Moore Zena Elizabeth Helen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe correlation between sub‐epidermal moisture (SEM) and other early indicators of pressure ulcer (PU) development is yet to be determined. This three‐part series aims to bridge this knowledge gap, through investigating SEM and its correlation with evidence‐based technologies and assessments. This article focuses on the correlation between SEM and ultrasound. A prospective cohort observational study was undertaken between February and November 2021. Patients undergoing three surgery types were consecutively enrolled to the study following informed consent. Assessments were performed prior to and following surgery for 3 days at the sacrum, both heels and a control site, using a SEM scanner and high‐frequency ultrasound scanner (5–15 MHz). Spearman's rank (rs) explored the correlation between SEM and ultrasound. A total of 60 participants were included; 50% were male with a mean age of 58 years (±13.46). A statistically significant low to moderately positive correlation was observed between SEM and ultrasound across all anatomical sites (rs range = 0.39–0.54, p < 0.05). The only exception was a correlation between SEM and ultrasound on day 0 at the right heel (rs = 0.23, p = 0.09). These results indicate that SEM and ultrasound agreed in the presence of injury; however, SEM was able to identify abnormalities before ultrasound.
Multi‐mode temperature sensing of Lu2WO6:Er3+,Yb3+ up‐conversion materials
Authors: Feng Mengjie , Li Lianjie , Guo Jiajia , Wang Qiang , Pang Tao , Guo Hai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo develop multi‐mode fluorescence thermometer with high performance, Lu2WO6:Er3+,Yb3+ materials were successfully designed and prepared. Under 980 nm excitation, the material can achieve accurate temperature measurement under three models. The above three models are based on different parameters, including two FIR (fluorescence intensity ratio) derived from two thermally coupled energy levels (TCELs) (2H11/2/4S3/2) and two non‐thermally coupled energy levels (NTCELs) (2H11/2/4F9/2), as well as fluorescence lifetime (FL) monitoring of the 2H11/2 energy level transition to the ground state. In the FIR mode of TCELs, maximum relative sensitivity (SR‐max) and minimum temperature resolution are 1.261 %K–1 and 0.237 K, respectively. The repeatability of five‐cycle temperature measurements is above 98.5%. The SR‐max value of FIR (NTCELs) and FL mode reach 0.862 and 0.201 %K−1, respectively. The obtained outcomes suggest that Lu2WO6:Er3+,Yb3+ materials might be considered as promising candidates for three‐mode fluorescence thermometry.
Perceptions of surveillance with magnetic resonance imaging among women with a hereditary risk of breast cancer—A phenomenographic study
Authors: Sjöqvist Ann‐Sofi , Holst‐Hansson Annette , Zackrisson Sophia , Gårdling Jenny , Bolejko Anetta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo explore perceptions of annual surveillance with magnetic resonance imaging and perceptions of care during the examination among women with a hereditary risk of breast cancer.DesignPhenomenography.MethodsFourteen face‐to‐face interviews using a semi‐structured interview guide were conducted among women undergoing surveillance in the southern region of Sweden. A seven‐step phenomenographic analysis with investigator triangulation was performed.Results‘Considering own risk of developing breast cancer’, ‘Entrusting oneself to surveillance’ and ‘Living in a cycle’ represented descriptive categories of perceptions. Family narratives introduced comprehension of own risk of breast cancer, followed by appraisal of own benefits of participating in surveillance. Entrusting oneself to surveillance included handing over management of diagnostic examinations and dealing with practical issues and diverse emotions related to surveillance. Planning life based around surveillance, struggling with fluctuating emotions, also between the examinations and questioning own identity implied the perception of living in a cycle.ConclusionSurveillance for hereditary breast cancer implies living in a cycle of dealing with fluctuating emotions and planning life based around surveillance. Comprehension of one's own risk for breast cancer arises from awareness in the family. Women value the surveillance programme and trust the healthcare system.Implication for the Profession and Patient CareKnowledge of women's perceptions of the surveillance programme and care is vital for supporting women in their decision‐making on attendance and providing person‐centred care during surveillance.ImpactA gap in explorative studies from the perspective of the individual woman in the context of surveillance for breast cancer and care in magnetic resonance imaging in surveillance was addressed. ‘Considering own risk of developing breast cancer’, ‘Entrusting oneself to surveillance’ and ‘Living in a cycle’ represented women's perceptions of surveillance and care. The study results have implications for person‐centred care among women in the surveillance programme.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.