bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capsicum chinense Jacq. derived glutaredoxin (CcGRXS12) alters redox status of the cells to confer resistance against pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV-I)
Authors: kumar Saravana , S.V Ramesh , Z Sun , Thangappan Sugitha , Nulu Naga Prafulla Chandrika , Kanakaraj Binodh Asish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are small, ubiquitous, multi-functional proteins present in different compartments of plant cells. A chloroplast targeted class I GRX (CcGRXS12) gene was isolated from Capsicum chinense during the pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) infection. Functional characterization of the gene was performed in N. benthamiana transgenic plants transformed with native C. chinense GRX (Nb:GRX), GRX-fused with GFP (Nb:GRX-GFP) and GRX truncated for the chloroplast targeting sequences but fused with GFP (Nb:Δ2MGRX-GFP). Over-expression of CcGRXS12 inhibits the PMMoV-I accumulation at late stage of infection and is accompanied with the activation of SA- pathway pathogenesis related (PR) transcripts, and suppression of JA/ET- pathway transcripts. Further the reduced accumulation of auxin-induced Glutathione-S-Transferase (pCNT103) in CcGRXS12 over expressing lines indicates that the protein could able to protect the plants from the oxidative stress caused by the virus. PMMoV-I infection increases the accumulation of pyridine nucleotides (PNs) mainly due to the reduced form of PNs (NAD(P)H) and it was higher in Nb:GRX-GFP lines compared to other lines where infection is limited. Apart from biotic stress, CcGRXS12 protects the plants from abiotic stress conditions caused by H2O2 and herbicide paraquat. CcGRXS12 exhibits GSH-disulphide oxidoreductase activity in vitro however devoid of complementary Fe-S cluster assembly mechanism in yeast.
Flood Vulnerability Assessment in Rural and Urban Informal Settlements: Case Study of Karonga District and Lilongwe City in Malawi
Authors: Mwalwimba Isaac Kadono , Manda Mtafu , Ngongondo Cosmo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Flood vulnerability assessment (FVA) informs the disaster risk reduction and preparedness process in both rural and urban areas. However, many floods vulnerable regions like Malawi still lack FVA supporting frameworks in all phases (pre-trans-post disaster). Partly, this is attributed to lack of the evidence-based studies to inform the processes. This study was therefore aimed at assessing households’ flood vulnerability (HFV) in rural and urban areas of Malawi, using case studies of Mtandire Ward in Lilongwe City (LC) and Traditional Authority (T/A) Kilupula of Karonga District (KD). A household survey was used to collect data from a sample of 545 households’ participants. Vulnerability was explored through a combination of underlying vulnerability factors (UVFs)-physical-social-economic-environmental and cultural with vulnerability components (VCs)-exposure-susceptibility and resilience. The UVFs and VCs were agglomerated using binomial multiple logit regression model. Variance independent factor (VIF) was used to check multicollinearity of variables in the regression model. HFV was determined based on flood vulnerability index (FVI). The data were analysed using Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), artificial neural network (ANN) and STATA. The results reveal a total average score of high vulnerability (0.62) and moderate vulnerability (0.52) on MCA in T/A Kilupula and Mtandire Ward respectively. The results further found low vulnerability to very high vulnerability for the combined UVFs and VCs in the FVI scale range. The study concludes that the determinants of households’ flood vulnerability are in respective order of enviro-exposure, eco-resilience and physio-exposure factors in both study areas. The study recommends that a FVA framework should be applied to promote resilience of communities to mitigate flood risks and support planning and decision-making process in flood risk management.
A cross-border mud budget for future sediment management
Authors: Alonso Ana Colina , Maren Dirk Sebastiaan van , Albert P. Oost , Esselink Peter , Hagen Robert , Kösters Frank , Bartholdy Jesper , Bijleveld Allert , Wang Zheng Bing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The world’s coasts and deltas are progressively threatened by climate change and human activities. The degree at which coastlines can adapt to these changes, especially Sea Level Rise (SLR), strongly depends on the availability of sediments. But despite its importance for coastal adaptation, the availability of muddy sediments is poorly known. This study aims at developing the first mud budget for the world’s largest uninterrupted system of barrier islands and tidal flats: the Wadden Sea. The resulting mud balance is nearly closed: ~12 million (M) ton/year enters the system on its western end, ~1.5 M ton/year is added by local rivers, while we estimate ~12 M ton annually deposits or is extracted by anthropogenic activities. Our data suggests that a mud deficit already exists in the downdrift areas, which will only become more pronounced with increased SLR rates. Mud is thus a finite resource similar to sand, and should be treated as such in sediment management strategies. Resolving future challenges related to climate change therefore requires a cross-border perspective on sediment management.
Evaluation of the Effect of Intercropping Legumes Covers with Maize on Soil Moisture Improvement in Selected Dry Land Areas of Basketo Special woreda’s, Ethiopia
Authors: Gemi Yenealem , Naba Wudinesh , Gojjam Amare , Wolde Birhanu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Intercropping provides enough scope to include two or more crops simultaneously in the same piece of land targeting higher productivity from the unit area. A field experiment was carried out at Arbaminch Agricultural Research Center during crop growing seasons of 2020 and 2021GC. The study focused on evaluating the effect of legume covers (Cowpea and Lablab) intercropping with maize in soil moisture conservation and crop yield in moisture-stress areas of Basketo special woreda. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Data collected were analyzed using the general linear model procedure for analysis of variance using SAS statistical package and means separated using least significant difference (LSD) test at p = 0.05. The experiments were carried out on silty clay loam and loam soil in Angila 4 and Angila 3 kebele respectively and slightly acidic soil. After the experiment in Angila 4 kebele, intercropping maize with lablab has profound effect on soil organic carbon and organic matter which is (> 3% and > 5.17%) respectively. The soil organic carbon was increased from 2.44–3.87%. The result shows that intercropping maize with lablab and cowpea has better soil moisture content than a pure stand of maize in both cropping seasons in Angila 4. In this trial, the highest Land Equivalent Ratio values was obtained for Maize intercropped with cowpea and Lablab 1.12 and 1.44 respectively in second year trial at Angila 4 kebele.
Comparison of Tracer Kinetic Models for 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET in Intermediate Risk Primary Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Smith Nathaniel J. , Green Mark A. , Bahler Clinton D. , Tann Mark , Territo Wendy , Smith Anne M. , Hutchins Gary D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: 68Ga-PSMA-11 positron emission tomography enables the detection of primary, recurrent, and metastatic prostate cancer. Regional radiopharmaceutical uptake is generally evaluated in static images and quantified as standard uptake values (SUV) for clinical decision-making. However, analysis of dynamic images characterizing both tracer uptake and pharmacokinetics may offer added insights into the underlying tissue pathophysiology. This study was undertaken to evaluate the suitability of various kinetic models for 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET analysis. Twenty-three lesions in 18 patients were included in a retrospective kinetic evaluation of 55-minute dynamic 68Ga-PSMA-11 pre-prostatectomy PET scans from patients with biopsy-demonstrated intermediate to high-risk prostate cancer. A reversible one-tissue compartment model, irreversible two-tissue compartment model, and a reversible two-tissue compartment model were evaluated for their goodness-of-fit to lesion and normal reference prostate time-activity curves. Kinetic parameters obtained through graphical analysis and tracer kinetic modeling techniques were compared for reference prostate tissue and lesion regions of interest.
RESULTS: Supported by goodness-of-fit and information loss criteria, the irreversible two-tissue compartment model was selected as optimally fitting the time-activity curves. Lesions exhibited significant differences in kinetic rate constants (K1, k2, k3, Ki) and semiquantitative measures (SUV) when compared with reference prostatic tissue. The two-tissue irreversible tracer kinetic model was consistently appropriate across prostatic zones.
CONCLUSIONS: An irreversible tracer kinetic model is appropriate for dynamic analysis of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET images. Kinetic parameters estimated by Patlak graphical analysis or full compartmental analysis can distinguish tumor from normal prostate tissue.
Extreme Li-Mg Selectivity via Precise Ion Size Differentiation of Polyamide Membrane
Authors: Jin Jian , Peng Quan , Wang Ruoyu , Liu Ying , Dong Dianyu , Wang Zheng , He Yiman , Lin Shihong , Zhu Yuzhang , Jiang Lei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Achieving high selectivity of Li+ and Mg2+ is of paramount importance for effective lithium extraction from brines, and nanofiltration (NF) membrane plays a critical role in this process. The key to achieving high selectivity lies in the on-demand design of NF membrane pores in accordance with the size difference between Li+ and Mg2+ ions, but this poses a huge challenge for traditional NF membranes and difficult to be realized. In this work, we report the fabrication of polyamide (PA) NF membranes with ultra-high Li+/Mg2+ selectivity by modifying the interfacial polymerization (IP) process between piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) with an oil-soluble surfactant that forms a monolayer at oil/water interface, referred to as OSARIP. The OSARIP benefits to regulate the membrane pores so that all of them are smaller than Mg2+ ions. Under the solely size sieving effect, an unprecedentedly high Mg2+ rejection rate of 99.96% and Li+/Mg2+ selectivity over 4000 are achieved. This value is one to two orders of magnitude higher than all the currently reported pressure-driven membranes, and even higher than the microporous framework materials, including COFs, MOFs, and POPs. The large enhancement of ion separation performance of NF membranes may innovate the current lithium extraction process and greatly improve the lithium extraction efficiency.
Stimulating effect of biogenic nanoparticles on the germination of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seeds
Authors: Sencan Aziz , Kilic Semra , Kaya Havva 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Metal nanoparticles synthesized using various biosources are the subject of focus in many research areas thanks to their improved biological effects and increased bioavailability. Silver, zinc oxide and magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) were obtained by using low-cost, low-energy, environmentally friendly, non-toxic chemicals and easily accessible thyme leaves and lavender flowers, and its were characterized by using techniques UV-Vis, XRD, SEM and EDS. The effects of various concentrations of biosynthesized NPs on the germination and germination index of basil seeds were defined comparatively. Phytochemicals in lavender flower extract acted as reducing and capping agents in the biosynthesis of Ag-NPs, and phytochemicals in thyme leaves extract acted for the biosynthesis of ZnO-NPs ve Fe3O4-NPs. Relative root length was detected at 25 mg/L ZnO-NP, stem length at 50 mg/L ZnO-NP, and Relative seed germination 100 mg/L Fe3O4-NP with the maximum value. This research showed that the germination promoting effects of NPs, which may be essential microelements, are related to their size, surface area, morphology and concentration. Thus, it promoted early and rapid germination by breaking the NP's seed dormancy.
Prognostic impact of postoperative recurrence in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-positive non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Morita Meiko , Ono Akira , Sekikawa Motoki , Doshita Kosei , Miura Keita , Kodama Hiroaki , Yabe Michitoshi , Morikawa Noboru , Iida Yuko , Mamesaya Nobuaki , Kobayashi Haruki , Ko Ryo , Wakuda Kazushige , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Naito Tateaki , Murakami Haruyasu , Isaka Mitsuhiro , Ohde Yasuhisa , Takahashi Toshiaki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: There are no reports conducted with a long follow-up period on a large number of EGFR+ non small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients withpostoperative recurrence (PR).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the data of EGFR+ NSCLC patients with PR who had undergone surgery at the Shizuoka Cancer Center between October 2002 and November 2017. The post-recurrence overall survival (PRS) and postoperative overall survival (POS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify any associations between the clinical variables at recurrence and the PRS. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between the variables at the baseline and the prognostic factors at recurrence.
Results: The median observation time was 4.95 (range, 0.82-13.25) years. The median PRS was 5.17 years (95% CI, 3.90-5.61) and the POS was 7.07 years (95% CI, 5.88-8.01). Univariate analysis identified male gender (MST: 3.32 vs. 5.39 years; p<0.05), presence of bone metastasis (MST: 2.43 vs. 5.33 years; p<0.05), and presence of central nervous system (CNS) metastasis (MST: 3.05 vs. 5.39 years; p<0.05), and multivariate analysis identified the presence of bone metastasis (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.23-3.28; p<0.05) and presence of CNS metastasis (HR. 1.84; 95% CI, 1.14-2.98; p<0.05) as poor prognostic factors. The pattern of recurrence was not prognostic factor. Logistic regression analysis revealed male was associated with the presence bone/CNS metastasis at recurrence.
Conclusion: New treatment strategies require to be developed for patients with bone/CNS metastasis at first recurrence.
Infant Mortality in Italy, 2016-2020: Large geographic and ethnic inequalities
Authors: simeoni silvia , frova luisa , de curtis mario 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Neonatal and infant mortality rates are among the most significant indicators for assessing a country's healthcare and social development.
This study examined the trends in neonatal, post-neonatal, and infant mortality in Italy from 2016 to 2020 and analysed differences between children of Italian and foreign parents based on areas of residence, as well as the leading causes of death. Special attention was given to the analysis of mortality in 2020, the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic, and its comparison with previous years.
Methods: Data from 2016 to 2020 were collected by the Italian National Institute of Statistics and extracted from the causes of death database and the birth registry. Neonatal, post-neonatal, and infant mortality rates were calculated using conventional definitions. The main analyses were conducted by comparing Italian citizens to foreigners and contrasting residents of the North with those of the South. Group comparisons were made using mortality rate ratios. The main causes of death were examined, and Poisson log-linear regression models were employed to investigate the relationships between mortality rate ratios for each cause of death and citizenship, place of residence and calendar year.
Results: In Italy, in 2020, the neonatal mortality rate was 1.76 deaths per thousand live births and it was 55% higher in foreign children than in Italian children. Foreign children had a higher mortality rate than Italians for almost all significant causes of death. Children born in the South of Italy, both Italian and foreign, had an infant mortality rate about 70% higher than residents in the North. Regions with higher infant mortality were Calabria, Sicily, Campania, and Puglia. In the South, mortality from neonatal respiratory distress and prematurity was higher.
In the first months of 2020, between March and June, the first Covid-19 wave, Italy experienced an increase in neonatal and infant mortality compared to the same period in 2016-2019, not directly related to SARS-CoV-19 infection. The primary cause was neonatal respiratory distress.
Conclusions: The neonatal and infant mortality rates indicate the persistence of profound inequalities in Italy between the North and the South and between Italian and foreign children.
Identification of hub genes in rheumatoid arthritis tissue-derived extracellular vesicles
Authors: Chen Zhen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune connective tissue disease. However, effective diagnostic biomarkers for RA are lacking. This study aimed to validate tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (Ti-EVs) as biomarkers for RA. Ti-EVs were isolated from the joints of a collagen-induced arthritis rat model, analysed, and subjected to potential biomarker identification. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and analysed for functional enrichment. Datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus, and DEGs were obtained using NCBI GEO2R. GSE55235 was used to compare the shared Ti-EV DEGs. Protein–protein interaction network analysis was performed to identify the hub genes. GES89408 was used to analyse gene expression, and the diagnostic value of the genes was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results: In total, 1,725 DEGs and 186 co-expressed genes were identified in the sequencing and GSE55235 datasets, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the enriched pathways for the DEGs were related to RA. ROC analysis showed that the hub genes CXCR4, CD8A, CCR5, CD40LG, CCL5, CD2, PRF1, FCGR3B, and IL2RGcould effectively be used for the diagnosis of RA, of which FCGR3B and IL2RG were the most specific and sensitive, respectively, for early-stage RA.
Conclusions: Ti-EV-related information can help elucidate RA pathogenesis. The novel DEGs and functional pathways identified in this study will facilitate future research on RA.
Carbon Ignorance: Do People Misestimate the Carbon Footprint of Behaviors, Firms, and Industries?
Authors: Johnson Eric , Sugerman Eli , Morwitz Vicki , Johar Gita , Morris Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

As climate change concerns rise, people increasingly seek to behave and consume sustainably. Doing so requires understanding which behaviors matter most, and which firms and industries emit the least. In this paper, we explore whether people are knowledgeable enough to make choices that align with their sustainability goals. Across five studies, we (1) demonstrate that individuals’ climate-related estimates are largely inaccurate, (2) provide evidence that this misestimation results from a cognitive process of attribute substitution, and (3) identify conditions that do (and do not) moderate estimation accuracy. These findings have important implications not only for individuals who desire to minimize their emissions, but for firm and industry reputations, investments, regulatory oversight, and understanding of greenwashing. Overall, our findings suggest that to the extent that individual action can be impactful, we should intervene with accessible, easily understandable information that highlights the causal impact of consumption in order to facilitate this action.
Extraction Method for Determining Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl Herbicide in Rice
Authors: Lopes Junai Carvalho Souza , Sicupira Lázaro Chaves , Pinho Gevany Paulino , Silvério Flaviano Oliveira 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is an active ingredient used as herbicide to control weeds in rice cultivation. So far, there are few studies related to the extraction and determining methodologies for this compound. Therefore, this work aimed to optimize and validate solid-liquid extraction with low temperature purification (SLE-LTP) using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) to determine the florpyrauxifen-benzyl in rice samples. The results showed that the optimal chromatographic conditions were obtained using the kinetex column, temperature of 25 °C, mobile phase composition of methanol:water (78:22 v/v), flow rate of 0.3 mL min-1, and 260 nm as the wavelength. The optimum extraction conditions were obtained using acetonitrile and water (2:1) as extraction phase, followed by clean-up of extracts with alumina. The recovery percentage achieved was close to 100%, with relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 9.0%. The result showed a significant matrix effect (184.3%), but the methodology was precise, accurate, linear and selective, with a quantification limit of 5.0 μg kg-1.
Optimization strategy of multifunctional composite laminates for improved load bearing and EMW absorbing capacity
Authors: Bowen Li 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The thin structure that possesses both excellent stealth and load-bearing capabilities has a high demand in the military. This article proposes a multifunctional composite laminates, along with its optimization strategy. The novel structure comprises several layers of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics and each layer has a fixed thickness. The matrix of each layer is made of polylactic acid dispersed with graphene oxide of varying volume fractions, which facilitates the transmission, absorption, and reflection of electromagnetic waves (EMW). The multi-objective optimization strategy of composite laminates is conducted by considering the ply orientation and volume fraction of graphene oxide as design variables, and the bending stiffness and EMW absorbing bandwidth of the overall structure as design objectives, meanwhile the JAYA, a metaheuristic algorithm is employed as the optimizer. The results demonstrate that the optimization algorithm can efficiently adjust the structure to an optimal state. Furthermore, compared with the original structure, the optimized structure has a 190% increase in load-bearing capacity and a 30.3% increase in EMW absorbing performance.
Pigmentary glaucoma in a patient with 48, XXYY syndrome: a case report
Authors: Vavasseur Théa , Fenolland Jean-Remi , Giraud Jean-Marie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
We report a case of a patient with 48, XXYY genetic syndrome suffering from a pigmentary glaucoma.
Background
The 48, XXYY syndrome is a very rare sporadic genetic condition with a variety of clinical signs and symptoms. Similarly to Klinefelter syndrome, the principal symptom is the hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism leading to infertility. Several other common features of this syndrome including developmental delay, behavioural difficulties and facial dysmorphism are described. Nevertheless, the association between Klinefelter syndrome and ocular manifestations are rare or at least, not clearly described in medical literature.
Case presentation:
A 37-year-old patient with karyotype 48, XXYY, presented with a known history of pigment dispersion syndrome. Both slight lamp exam and gonioscopy revealed signs of pigmentary glaucoma. The aspect of the optic nerve in the fundus and both OCT exam and visual fields showed an agonic glaucoma on one eye and a severe glaucoma on the other eye.
Conclusions
Ocular manifestations in 48, XXYY syndrome or more generally in sex chromosomal aneuploidies are rarely described in medical literature. In this article, we report a case of pigmentary glaucoma in a patient with 48, XXYY syndrome.