bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Volumetric Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol) for selected computed tomography scanners in Uganda
Authors: Rukundo Wellen , Ninsiima Lynn , Nimbashabira Natharius , Luwalira Noah Deogratias 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Atomic Energy Council conducted routine inspections on 42 facilities with Computed Tomography (CT) scanners in Uganda to verify the compliance of their CTDIvol with the established regulatory machine performance standards. The findings of the inspections revealed that most scanners complied with the recommended regulatory dose limits for the adult abdomen, adult head, and pediatric abdomen examinations. The mean optimal doses deduced from the study were 5 mGy, 15 mGy, and 50 mGy for pediatric abdomen, adult abdomen, and head examinations respectively. However, a considerable number of scanners, 4%, 6%, and 20% produced doses exceeding the regulatory limits for pediatric abdomen, adult abdomen, and adult head respectively. It was established that some of the corrective actions for scanners that produced high doses exceeding the regulatory limit were (1) varying of tube current parameters, and (2) varying of pitch. The scanners Y and Z produced exceedingly very high doses compared to the regulatory limit and were recommended for immediate suspension to correct for the dose irregularity. The study also established that about 50% of CTs were of the modern era with improved technologies of dose optimization and minimization. However, the operators had limited access rights to interact and utilize these technological advancements. It was therefore, recommended that all stakeholders involved in supplying, acquiring, and operating these machines to ensure that the end users (radiation workers) acquire adequate end-user training and retraining programs. We also recommend the facilities to perform acceptance and commissioning tests and periodic quality control tests to ensure compliance of the CT machines with the regulatory dose limits.
The relationship between parity, mode of delivery, age at childbirth and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study
Authors: ma jinlong , Li Xiang , Li Qiuyue , Sun Zhenqian , Chen Yunzhen , Jiao Guangjun , Wang Hongliang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
As a neuro-psycho-social event, birth can impact the maternal health. The relationship between birth and bone health remains unclear, requiring further research to explore their association.
Methods
Our study was based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005-2020). Propensity score matching, Welch's two-sample t-test, Linear mixed models and Partial correlation analysis were used to examine the relationship between birth and BMD.
Results
We obtained 5727 participants. Welch's two-sample t-test showed that delivered subjects had lower mean BMD of the lumbar spine and lower limbs. The data from the linear mixed model showed a decrease in BMD of lower limbs and a decrease in BMD of lower spine in delivered subjects compared to those who had not. The same analyses showed lower BMD. Partial correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between age at birth and BMD in women who gave birth vaginally.
Conclusions
Women who have given birth have lower BMD compared to women who have not given birth. At the same time, BMD is negatively correlated with parity and age at delivery. Most importantly, we found for the first time a damaging association between vaginal delivery and BMD of lower limbs.
Bridging the digital divide for outpatients treated with anticancer chemotherapy: A retrospective quantitative and qualitative analysis of an adapted electronic Patient Reported Outcome program
Authors: Boiteau Coralie , Alarcon Natividad , Joly Charlotte , Fenioux Charlotte , Queval Claire , Dutendas Sylvie , Bartoszczyk Isabelle , Nadji Hadjer Ben , Bouayed Meriem , Ganter Claude , Quatrehomme Naël , Agius Catherine , Tournigand Christophe , Kempf Emmanuelle 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Electronic Patient Reported Outcomes (e-PRO) improves cancer patient quality of life and overall survival. Digital divide might lead to unequal access to telehealth. The aim of this study was to evaluate how a dedicated human and IT support program could bridge the digital divide. Methods: Between February 2021 and June 2022, solid cancer outpatients undergoing chemotherapy at the Mondor Teaching Hospital, France, were provided with the e-PRO Onco’nect® tool. Patients with digital disconnection were offered an IT and human dedicated program (lending of a tablet, caregivers, educational program, technical, peer-to-peer support). We collected data on patients’ healthcare pathways, and we performed semi-structured interviews to assess patients’ challenges.Results: We enrolled 22 patients: 15 females, 50% were aged > 70 years (interquartile range (IQR), 64–74), 14 had gastro-intestinal cancer, 15 patients had metastases, 14 lived alone. Ten patients out of 22 benefited from the program and completed > 50% of the questionnaires and 5/22 (23%) completed > 75%. The majority (12/22) remained poor adherent to e-PRO during a median treatment duration of 4 months (IQR, 3–7). There was no association between the level of social deprivation and the completeness of questionnaires. The underuse of the e-PRO went beyond patients’ understanding of its clinical relevance and their technical competence and was related to a poor health literacy and an emotional burden. Conclusion: IT and human support help a significant proportion of patients to access telehealth. Most of the disconnected patients were unable to engage digital health, mainly due to their health literacy level.
Measurement of Social Support among People with Dementia in Indonesia: A Validation of the Personal Resource Questionnaire-2000 Indonesia version (PRQ2000-INA)
Authors: Vidyanti Amelia Nur , Nafiati Rizqa , Putri Galenisa Falinda Santika , Prodjohardjono Astuti , Effendy Christantie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Social support may affect the clinical outcomes of people with dementia. However, studies investigating the relationship between social support and cognitive functioning in patients with dementia are still lacking due to the limited instruments available for measuring social support. The Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ2000) is an instrument used to assess perceived social support in a wide range of populations. We aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the PRQ2000 Indonesia version (PRQ2000-INA) in people with mild to moderate dementia.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. We conducted forward-backwards translation of the questionnaire. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used for the validity test. The reliability test was determined by using Cronbach's alpha value. The PRQ2000-INA has 15 questions that are divided into 3 factor dimensions of social support.
Results
The results of the CFA test of 75 respondents showed that all questions in each factor of the PRQ2000-INA were valid and had acceptable construct validity for measuring social support. The Cronbach's alpha values for factor 1, factor 2, and factor 3 were 0.903, 0.918, and 0.940, respectively, indicating that these were reliable instruments.
Conclusion
The PRQ2000-INA has good validity and reliability for measuring social support in people with mild to moderate dementia. Future studies are needed to investigate the role of social support in cognitive functioning in people with dementia.
Magnetic resonance enterography has high diagnostic accuracy in detecting fibrotic bowel strictures in Crohn’s Disease——A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Min Si , Xu Chen Yue , Dang Yan , Li Peng , Xu Li Xue , Wu Jing , Shi Hai Yun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and Aims
Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) has been reported to identify intestinal strictures in Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and the diagnostic accuracy of MR techniques in differentiating fibrotic from inflammatory strictures remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of current modes of MRE parameters for the detection of fibrosis in stricture lesions of CD patients.
Methods
A systematic search of EMBASE and MEDLINE up to Nov 2022 identified studies examining the diagnostic accuracy of MRE in the detection of fibrotic strictures in CD patients, using histology as the reference standard. Data was pooled using a bivariate random-effects model to estimate the diagnostic efficiency of fibrotic strictures.
Results
The final analysis included 17 studies, involving 1012 stricture lesions of 544 CD patients. MRE had a pooled sensitivity of 93% (95% CI: 86%-97%) and specificity of 89% (95% CI: 82%-93%) for the diagnosis of fibrotic strictures. AUC for the detection of fibrosis was 95% (95% CI: 93%-97%). The specificity significantly increased when the diagnosis was conducted per patient (98%; 95%CI: 95%-100%) rather than per segment (84%; 95%CI:80%-88%; P = 0.01). The application of novel MR analytic parameters could significantly improve the sensitivity of MRE in the diagnosis of fibrous stenosis, compared with conventional MRE imaging (P < 0.01).
Conclusions
MRE has shown excellent potential in the detection of fibrotic strictures in CD patients, with outstanding diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. The application of novel MR analytic parameters could improve the sensitivity of MRE in the diagnosis of fibrous stenosis.
Exploring cell death mechanisms in spheroid cultures: A novel application of the RIP3-Caspase3-Assay
Authors: Philippi Clara Isabell , Hagens Johanna , Heuer Kim Marili , Schmidt Hans Christian , Schuppert Pauline , Raluy Laia Pagerols , Trochimiuk Magdalena , Li Zhongwen , Bunders Madeleine J. , Reinshagen Konrad , Tomuschat Christian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study explores the application of the RIP3-Caspase3-assay in heterogeneous spheroid cultures to analyze cell death pathways, emphasizing the nuanced roles of apoptosis and necroptosis. By employing directly conjugated monoclonal antibodies, we provide detailed insights into the complex mechanisms of cell death. Our findings demonstrate the assay's capability to differentiate between RIP1-independent apoptosis, necroptosis, and RIP1-dependent apoptosis, marking a significant advancement in organoid research. Additionally, we investigate the effects of TNFα on isolated intestinal epithelial cells, revealing a concentration-dependent response and an adaptive or threshold reaction to TNFα-induced stress. The results indicate a preference for RIP1-independent cell death pathways upon TNFα stimulation, with a notable increase in apoptosis and a secondary role of necroptosis. Our research underscores the importance of the RIP3-Caspase3-assay in understanding cell death mechanisms in organoid cultures, offering valuable insights for disease modeling and the development of targeted therapies. The assay's adaptability and robustness in spheroid cultures enhances its potential as a tool in personalized medicine and translational research.
Development and validation of a nomogram for suicide attempts in patients with first-episode drug- naïve major depressive disorder
Authors: Liu Junjun , Tong Ruixiang , Lu Zhaomin , Wang Yangchun , Liu Yang , Yuan Hsinsung , Jia Fengnan , Zhang Xiaobin , Li Zhe , Du Xiangdong , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective: The risk of suicide can be decreased by accurately identifying high-risk suicide groups and implementing the right interventions. The aim of this study was to develop a predictive nomogram for suicide attempts (SA) in patients with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) major depressive disorder (MDD).
Methods: A cross-sectional investigation was conducted, enrolling 1,718 patients diagnosed with FEDN MDD who provided comprehensive clinical data between September 2016 and December 2018. Anthropometric and sociodemographic data were collected from the participants. The severity of depression and anxiety in all subjects was assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), respectively. Additionally, thyroid hormone levels, lipid profile parameters, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured. The confirmation of SA history relied on an amalgamation of medical records, patient interviews, and family interviews. Random allocation assigned participants to either the training group (70%, n = 1,204) or the validation group (30%, n = 514). In the training group, LASSO analysis and multivariate regression were employed to identify the relevant variables associated with SA. Subsequently, a nomogram was developed based on the selected risk factors to predict the probability of SA within the training group. To assess the accuracy of the prediction, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was utilized, and calibration plots were employed to evaluate calibration. Additionally, decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to assess the precision of the prediction model. Finally, internal validation was carried out using the validation group.
Results: We have successfully developed a readily applicable nomogram that utilizes HAMD, HAMA, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) parameters to forecast the likelihood of SA in Chinese patients with FEDN MDD. In both our training and validation groups, the pooled area under the ROC for SA risk was determined to be 0.802 (95% CI: 0.771 to 0.832) and 0.821 (95% CI: 0.774 to 0.868), respectively. Calibration analysis demonstrated a favorable alignment between the predicted probabilities from the nomogram and the actual probabilities. Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical utility of the nomogram. To facilitate the utilization of the nomogram by clinicians and researchers, an online version is available at https://doctorjunjunliu.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/.
Conclusions: We constructed and validated a nomogram capable of early identification of FEDN MDD patients with a high risk of SA, thereby contributing to the implementation of effective suicide prevention programs.
Prostaglandin analogs signal detection by data mining in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database.
Authors: Contreras-Salinas Homero , Romero-López María Soledad , Olvera-Montaño Oscar , Rodríguez-Herrera Lourdes Yolotzin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Adverse Events (AEs) which are not mentioned in the safety information label the any drug, are considered “unexpected” and must be regarded and analyzed as a safety signal. Prostaglandins cause effects on different cell types around the body, triggering diverse actions, and due to the analogy of an endogenous prostamida of the prostaglandin’s analogs, it is essential to identify the possible association that could cause the use of these drugs in ophthalmologic practice. This study aims to identify safety signals of ophthalmic prostaglandin analogs (PGAs) through data mining the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.
Methods: A data mining search by proportional reporting ratio, reporting odds ratio, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, information component 0.25, and Chi-squared for safety signals detection was conducted to the FAERS database for the following ophthalmic medications: latanoprost, travoprost, tafluprost, and bimatoprost for the identification AE with statistical associations.
Results: Twelve preferred terms were statistically associated: diabetes mellitus, n=2; hypoacusis, n=2; malignant mediastinal neoplasm, n=1; blood immunoglobulin E increased, n=1; cataract, n=1; blepharospasm, n=1; full blood count abnormal, n=1; skin exfoliation, n=1; chest discomfort, n=1; and dry mouth, n=1.
Conclusions: Of the twelve PTs analyzed, eight of them found information on the possible relationship due to the biological plausibility derived from information from previous research; for this reason, it is relevant to continue investigating the possible drug-event association, whether to refute the safety signal or identify a new risk with its consequent minimization.
From Chronic Pain to Function: A Case Report of Successful Surgical Management of Chronic Osteomyelitis of Jaw.
Authors: Wadde Kavita , Shelke Harshvardhan , Khaire Sameer , Nadkarni Shambhavi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Osteomyelitis is a bone inflammation that starts as a medullary cavity infection, spreads quickly to the haversian system and periosteum. Can develop in the jaws due to chronic odontogenic infection, trauma, inadequate treatment of fracture, or jaw irradiation. Untreated acute osteomyelitis can become chronic. Diagnosis involves conventional radiography, culture, bone biopsy, radioisotope bone scan, laser doppler flowmetry, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. we want to highlight various steps involved in diagnosis & management of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis.
Effects of early enteral nutrition on persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome in critically ill patients
Authors: Kashiwagi Shizuka , Kanda Naoki , Yoshida Minoru , Wakimoto Yuji , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Nakamura Kensuke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose: Early enteral nutrition (EEN) is controversial whether to reduce infectious complications via preserving intestinal immunity in critically ill patients. Herein, we investigated the association between EEN and an immunocompromised state after critical illness as persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome (PICS).
Methods: This propensity score matching analysis utilized the administrative claims database of inpatients. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for more than 3 consecutive days were included. A composite of mortality and PICS: at least two of the following conditions of CRP >2.0 mg/dL, albumin <3.0 g/dL and a lymphocyte count <800/μL on day 14 after admission, was compared as the primary outcome between the EEN group, which received enteral nutrition (EN) on the first 3 days (day 0, 1, or 2), and the late EN (LEN) group, which received EN on days 3 through 7.
Results: 7,530 matched pairs were generated. The primary outcome was significantly lower in the EEN group (risk difference -3.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI) -4.5 to -1.4%), whereas mortality did not significantly differ. The 28-day composite outcome was also similar. There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between the EEN and LEN groups; however, the Barthel index at discharge was higher in the EEN group (the medians, 50 vs 45, P=0.001). Laboratory data showed lower Albumin and CRP on day 14 in the EEN group.
Conclusions: EEN was associated with a lower incidence of PICS on days 14 and 28 in the critically ill patients.
Trajectories and Predictors of Emotional Exhaustion in Clinical Nurses in the Context of Healthcare Crisis: A Case Study in Xi'an, China
Authors: Wu Chao , He Chunyan , Zhang Hongli , Lin Yawei , Li Lu , He Jing , Cheng Feixia , Ji Zhaohua , Lang Hongjuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In response to the diminishing toxicity and fatality of the novel coronavirus, China implemented a policy shift at the end of 2022 to relax its control measures pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, a rapid surge in community-level infections ensued, exerting a pronounced strain on the medical and healthcare systems and posing significant challenges and pressures for healthcare workers.
Objective
This study investigated the growth trajectory of emotional exhaustion and its predictors in clinical nurses in the context of healthcare crisis.
Methods
A total of 422 frontline clinical nursing staff from Xi’an, China, were followed up three times over two months, and data from the final 358 clinical nurses were analyzed. The growth mixed model (GMM) was used to identify the trajectory categories, and the predictive factors of the trajectory types were analyzed by logistic regression. The relationship of the trajectory types of emotional exhaustion with psychological capital were analyzed by variance analysis.
Results
The best-fit growth mixture modeling revealed three class models: Class 1 characterized by high and increasing levels of emotional exhaustion, Class 2 characterized by moderate and decreasing levels of emotional exhaustion, and Class 3 characterized by low and decreasing levels of emotional exhaustion. These classes accounted for 9.78%, 83.52%, and 6.70% of clinical nurses, respectively. The results of the univariate analysis indicated that age, years of working experience, gender, past participation in emergency public health event rescue, and sleep quality were associated with the trajectory of emotional exhaustion. Different groups of nursing personnel had varying levels of psychological capital, with higher levels of emotional exhaustion associated with lower levels of psychological capital. Logistic regression analysis revealed that gender, past participation in emergency public health event rescue, and sleep quality were independent predictors of the emotional exhaustion trajectory. Female clinical nurses who had not participated in emergency public health event rescue and had poor sleep quality were more likely to experience persistent high levels of emotional exhaustion.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated the heterogeneity of emotional exhaustion among frontline clinical nursing personnel in coping with healthcare system overload, and the significant impact of gender, past participation in emergency public health event rescue, and sleep quality on the development of emotional exhaustion in clinical nurses. Healthcare administrators should prioritize their attention to clinical nurses who are at a higher risk of developing a persistent high emotional exhaustion pattern and provide targeted interventions.
METTL3-mediated m6A modification of ULK2 regulates autophagy to promote hypertrophic scar progression
Authors: Chen Wei-Wei , Tian Fan , Chen Meng-Nan , Wu Jun-Jie , Zhang Zhen-Yu , Yuan Zheng-Dong , Zhang Kai-Wen , Jia Yuan , Fu Yi-Fei , Chen Yue-Chun , Yuan Feng-Lai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: The role of autophagy in hypertrophic scar (HS) development and its mechanisms aren't completely understood yet. This study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanisms of fibroblasts and their autophagy in the progression of HS.
Results: Dermal tissues were collected from healthy individuals and those with HS. First, fibroblast autophagy was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. Autophagy increased markedly with the progression of HS in patients and rabbit models, resulting in the activation of fibroblast-associated α-SMA and COL-I. Impaired autophagy via 3-MA reduced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. Second, the role of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in the regulation of autophagy was explored using N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-methylated RNA assays. Excessive m6A modification positively regulated autophagy in fibroblasts from hypertrophic scars (HSF); mechanistically, METTL3-mediated m6A modification increased the expression of unc-51-like kinase 2 (ULK2), which possibly plays redundant roles in autophagy initiation by promoting RNA stability. Third, western blotting, collagen gel contraction, and immunofluorescence assays were performed to determine the effects of autophagy and METTL3 on HS cells, and the regulatory effect of METTL3 on HS was investigated using a rabbit-ear hypertrophic scar model. METTL3 silencing impaired autophagic flux and inhibited fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. Subcutaneous injection of METTL3 siRNA suppressed cellular autophagy propagation in HSs and ameliorated HS formation in rabbit ears.
Conclusions: Our study reveals an important role of autophagy in the progression of HS. Targeted METTL3 inhibition can alleviate autophagy in HSF and limit HS development in experimental animal models, thus providing a potential strategy for HS therapy.