bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Assessment of FSH and LH Effects on Progesterone Levels in Human Granulosa-Theca Cell Culture Running Title: Effect of FSH and LH on progesterone level in granulosa-theca cell culture
Authors: Akcay Neslihan Coskun , Gunes Ali Can , Zirh Selim , Bozdag Gurkan , Mumuşoglu Sezcan , Akcin Oytun Portakal , Muftuoglu Sevda Fatma , Sokmensuer Lale Karakoc 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The administration of LH just prior to the ovulation trigger could lead to new ideas for restore levels of excess progesterone level in the systemic circulation. This study aim to investigate the effect of applied r-LH on progesterone levels in human granulosa-theca tissue culture in response to various doses of administered r-FSH. The study enrolled 15 patients with normal menstrual cycles, aged between 18–38 in the reproductive period and underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy at the Gynecology and Obstetrics department of Hacettepe University. Healthy ovarian tissue isolated from excised cyst tissue was cultured in vitro and basal levels (0th hour) of estrogen and progesterone release were determined. Afterwards, ovarian tissues were cultured with different concentrations of hormones in three groups, Group A;12.5 mIU/ml FSH; Group B;18.75 mIU/ml FSH; and Group C; 18.75 mIU/ml FSH + 6.25 mIU/ml LH. In the same way, hormone evaluation was performed at 24. and 48. hours, and the groups were compared. histopathological scoring was performed and immunofluorescence labeling was done using aromatase and cytochrome P450 for specific labeling of granulosa and theca cells, and Ki67 antibody was used to evaluate cell proliferation. Biochemical hormone analysis revealed no significant differences in the concentrations of progesterone or estrogen among the groups. Meanwhile, no significant differences were detected in the intensity measurements of aromatase, cytochrome P450 and Ki67 antibodies. Administering low or high dosages of FSH combined with LH therapy did not appear to have a significant impact on progesterone production.
An Efficient Model for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks using Machine Learning and High- Performance Computing
Authors: Tripathi Animesh , Prakash Shiv , Tiwari Pradeep Kumar , Lloret Jaime , Shukla Narendra Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are recent advancement that permits vehicles to communicate with one another and with infrastructure, improving road safety and traffic efficiency. One of the difficulties in constructing and maintaining VANETs is dealing with the consequences of blockage, which can occur when buildings, trees, or other obstructions block radio signals between vehicles. However, the presence of vehicles as obstacles can severely impact the performance of VANETs. In this paper, an efficient machine learning (ML)-based technique is used to identify the impact of vehicle obstacles in VANETs. The proposed Tree-based models showed better results in comparison to the state-of-the-art models in all the tests conducted. The findings of the proposed model outperform the existing models and demonstrate that the proposed models can precisely predict and classify data, which makes it an important tool for various applications where accurate classification is crucial.
Improving of a Perovskite Solar Cell Structure by Optimizing Several Simulation Parametric Factors in SCAPS-1D Program
Authors: Delibas Nagihan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Utilizing ABX3-based perovskites for solar cell applications proved to be a sustainable choice for solar cell applications. Using the data screening, the present study has concentrated on selecting the suitable PSC structure among some considered common organic-inorganic solar cell structures through the SCAPS-1D simulation tool. After good data selection, the optimization process was begun. However, it occurred in several phases including PSCs’ layer property, working point, and configuration optimization. The results of active layers’ property optimization represented that, choosing a cell with relatively high absorber thicknesses, low transporting materials thicknesses, and low active layers doping densities is better. Regarding working point optimization, the simulation results suggested lower temperatures, series resistances, and higher shunt resistances. Final I-V results indicated that the cell using tandem ETM layer, composite HTM layer, and single perovskite layer reports relatively more suitable performances. The optimization process employed in this study lead to a 1% efficiency increment.
Nomograms for stratified prognosis prediction of gastric cancer by integrating programmed death ligand 1 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells
Authors: Qi Xiumin , Guo Yi-Xuan , Wan Jiayi , Xiao Yan , Pan Xiang , Zhou Yongping , Chen Fang-Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To develop nomograms for predicting disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of gastric cancer (GC) by integrating programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
Materials and methods
Immunohistochemistry for PD-L1, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages was performed on 126 surgically-resected GC. The expression of PD-L1 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells, in combination with multiple clinicopathologic features, was used to formulate nomograms for predicting DFS or OS based on the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis. The performance of the nomograms for DFS or OS was verified in the 10-fold cross-validation of the study cohort and measured by Harrell's concordance-index (C-index).
Results
High PD-L1 expression (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37–3.43), high CD8 + T-cells population (HR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.15–0.81), high CD68 + macrophages population (HR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.17–2.89), and microsatellite instability-high (HR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.20–0.83) were independently associated with DFS. High PD-L1 expression (HR = 2.64, 95% CI 1.61–4.34]), high CD4 + T-cells population (HR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.21–3.24), high CD8 + T-cells population (HR = 0.23 95% CI 0.07–0.73), high CD68 + macrophages population (HR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.43–3.74), microsatellite instability-high (HR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.12–0.60) and tumor–node–metastasis stage (stage III vs stage I + II, HR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.01–2.56) were independently associated with OS. These factors were then selected to establish nomograms for DFS and OS individually. The established nomogram for DFS yielded a corrected C-index of 0.679 by 10-fold cross-validation. Similarly, the established nomogram for OS yielded a corrected C-index of 0.755.
Conclusions
The developed prognostic nomograms for gastric cancer offer a more personalized and precise prediction of DFS and OS for patients, which can help to improve prognostic stratification.
Is Public Education Expenditure Pro-cyclical In India?
Authors: Ramanjini Ramanjini , Gayithri K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This paper examines the cyclicality of public education expenditure of Indian states using recent data (pre-Covid 19) and advanced estimation techniques. The present study has drawn the required data from Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India and Reserve Bank of India. The study adopted System GMM (one-step) to assess the cyclicality of public education expenditure. The empirical results suggest that public education expenditure is pro-cyclical with respect to states’ GSDP. Expenditure on higher levels of education shows a relatively higher degree of pro-cyclicality than lower levels of education. Economic downturns seem to have hampered public investment on education and more specifically public investment on higher levels of education across Indian states, as pro-cyclicality of education expenditure is symmetrical. On the other hand, the fiscal transfers from the Union government are not enabling the state governments to protect the expenditure levels of the education sector during economic downturns. Hence, there is a need for incorporating relevant instruments in the intergovernmental transfer system that enables the states to provide minimum levels of public services such as education and healthcare.JEL:I220, E62, E63.
The expression patterns and prognosis value of methylation modification of m6A regulators in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jinqiu , Luo Jin , Dai Yongping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been increasing year by year, and its pathogenesis is not clear yet. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulation has been proved to be related to the occurrence and development of the malignant tumors, but their expression patterns and prognostic effects in PTC remains unclear.
Methods
Data of 397 patients with PTC was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. R language was used to analyze the relationship between the expression level of m6A RNA methylation regulators and clinicopathologic in PTC. LASSO Cox regression analysis was conducted to construct the risk prediction model and the area under ROC curve (AUC) was employed to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the model.
Results
Seventeen genes were screened out and identified as important regulators of m6A RNA methylation. It was found that m6A RNA methylation regulators were significantly correlated with T and N stage of PTC. The prediction model consisting of IGF2BP1, YTHDC2 and YTHDF3 genes was established by LASSO Cox regression analysis. Through univariate and multivariate analysis, IGF2BP1 was found to be an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of PTC.
Conclusions
The m6A RNA methylation regulators are involved in the development and progression of PTC. Furthermore, the risk signature composed of three selected m6A RNA methylation regulators can be used as potential marker to predict prognosis in PTC.
S0-equivalent classes, a new direction to find better weightwise perfectly balanced functions, and more
Authors: Gini Agnese , Méaux Pierrick 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We investigate the concept of S0 equivalent class, n-variable Boolean functions up to the addition of a symmetric function null in 0n and 1n, as a tool to study weightwise perfectly balanced functions. On the one hand we show that weightwise properties, such as being weightwise perfectly balanced, the weightwise nonlinearity and weightwise algebraic immunity, are invariant of these classes. On the other hand, we analyse the variation of global parameters inside the same class, showing for example that there is always a function with high degree, algebraic immunity, or nonlinearity in the S0 equivalent class of a function. Finally, we discuss how these results extend to other equivalence relations and their applications in cryptography
MSC Classification: 94A60 , 94D10
The Impact of Temperature on the Formation, Release Mechanism, and Degradation of PLGA-based In-Situ Forming Implants
Authors: Shafiee Kimia , Bazraei Saeid , Mashak Arezou , Mobedi Hamid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study explores the impact of varying temperatures on the release behavior of Triptorelin Acetate (TA) from a PLGA-based in-situ forming implant (ISFI) and polymer degradation. Formulations were prepared using the in situ forming method in an acetate buffer (pH=6.8) and then exposed to temperatures of 4 to 60°C. The drug release and polymeric depot behavior were evaluated using HPLC, SEM, GPC, Rheometer, and pH measurements. A modified Gallagher-Corrigan Model-based mathematical model was applied to fit the in-vitro data, and the activation energy for peptide release in diffusional and erosional phases was calculated using the Arrhenius equation. The results revealed that matrices formed at 37, 45, and 53°C exhibited a highly porous structure, resulting from rapid phase inversion and surface pore closing. This led to a reduction in TA burst release, observed as 38%, 27%, and 15% at 37°C, 45°C, and 53°C respectively. Conversely, matrices at 4 and 25 °C demonstrated a faster initial release, followed by the formation of dense structures. The accelerated drug release profiles at 45 and 53°C showed a shortened ultimate drug release duration and a good correlation with the real-time results at 37°C. Due to the discernible PLGA matrices degradation at different temperatures, biphasic and tri-phasic release patterns were observed. The experimental release results aligned well with the proposed mathematical model, and the drug release kinetic parameters were estimated. Thus, in in-vitro studies, the release medium temperature plays a significant role in the drug-release behavior of ISFIs.
Growers' irrigation practices, knowledge, trust, and attitudes toward wastewater reuse in Lebanon, Jordan, and Tunisia through a food safety lens
Authors: Faour-Klingbeil Dima , Taybeh Asma’ O. , Mahjoub Olfa , Almashaqbeh Othman , Bou-Mitri Christelle , Samaha Joy J. , Dhaouadi Latifa , Todd Ewen C. D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Maximizing water reuse requires addressing legal and regulatory frameworks, but growers’ understanding of water as a vehicle for pollutants and safe practices is vital in this process. A cross-sectional survey of 85 growers in Lebanon, Jordan, and Tunisia explored these factors. Results showed that 70.6% of growers had limited knowledge about the transmission of pathogens, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals to food crops via treated wastewater (TWW). Additionally, 55% of farmers used TWW for irrigation, while 65.9% believed that it poses health risks to consumers when applied to crops eaten raw. A positive attitude toward TWW was a determining factor for maximizing water reuse applications. However, the limited access and unavailability of treatment plants were the primary reasons for not using TWW (32.9%). More concerning, less than half controlled the quality of irrigation water using microbiological tests (32.9%), chemical tests (37.6%), and turbidity tests (29.4%). Meanwhile, only 40% trusted local authorities’ control of TWW quality and 69.4% had no access to regulatory information. The present study showed the importance of prioritizing growers’ awareness of potential risks and establishing the practice of monitoring of water quality indicators and contaminants. These should be at the forefront of water reuse expansion strategies to mitigate associated risks.
Therapeutic Intervention of Serine Protease Inhibitors against
Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Kamal Shagufta , Shahzad Asif , Rehman Kanwal , Tariq Komal , Akash Muhammad Sajid Hamid , Imran Muhammad , Assiri Mohammed Ali 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a globally prevalent and hazardous disorder that is
responsible for inducing several persistent and potentially fatal liver diseases. Current
treatment strategies offer limited efficacy, often accompanied by severe and debilitating
adverse effects. Consequently, there is an urgent and compelling need to develop novel
therapeutic interventions that can provide maximum efficacy in combating HCV while
minimizing the burden of adverse effects on patients. One promising target against HCV
is the NS3-4A serine protease, a complex composed of two HCV-encoded proteins. This
non-covalent heterodimer is crucial in the viral life cycle and has become a primary focus
for therapeutic interventions. Although peginterferon, combined with ribavirin, is
commonly employed for HCV treatment, its efficacy is hampered by significant adverse
effects that can profoundly impact patients' quality of life. In recent years, the development
of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has emerged as a breakthrough in HCV
therapy. These agents exhibit remarkable potency against the virus and have demonstrated
fewer adverse effects when combined with other DAAs. However, it is important to
note that there is a potential for developing resistance to DAAs due to alterations in the
amino acid position of the NS3-4A protease. This emphasizes the need for ongoing research
to identify strategies that can minimize the emergence of resistance and ensure
long-term effectiveness. While the combination of DAAs holds promise for HCV treatment,
it is crucial to consider the possibility of drug-drug interactions. These interactions
may occur when different DAAs are used concurrently, potentially compromising
their therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, carefully evaluating and monitoring potential drug
interactions are vital to optimize treatment outcomes. In the pursuit of novel therapeutic
interventions for HCV, the field of computational biology and bioinformatics has
emerged as a valuable tool. These advanced technologies and methodologies enable the
development and design of new drugs and therapeutic agents that exhibit maximum efficacy,
reduced risk of resistance, and minimal adverse effects. By leveraging computational
approaches, researchers can efficiently screen and optimize potential candidates, accelerating
the discovery and development of highly effective treatments for HCV, treatments.
Exploring the Theranostic Applications and Prospects of Nanobubbles
Authors: Shah Rahul , Phatak Niraj , Choudhary Ashok , Gadewar Sakshi , Ajazuddin  , Bhattacharya Sankha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Anticancer medications as well as additional therapeutic compounds, have poor clinical
effectiveness due to their diverse distribution, non-selectivity for malignant cells, and undesirable
off-target side effects. As a result, ultrasound-based targeted delivery of therapeutic compounds
carried in sophisticated nanocarriers has grown in favor of cancer therapy and control.
Nanobubbles are nanoscale bubbles that exhibit unique physiochemical properties in both their
inner core and outer shell. Manufacturing nanobubbles primarily aims to enhance therapeutic
agents' bioavailability, stability, and targeted delivery. The small size of nanobubbles allows for
their extravasation from blood vessels into surrounding tissues and site-specific release through
ultrasound targeting. Ultrasound technology is widely utilized for therapy due to its speed, safety,
and cost-effectiveness, and micro/nanobubbles, as ultrasound contrast agents, have numerous
potential applications in disease treatment. Thus, combining ultrasound applications with NBs
has recently demonstrated increased localization of anticancer molecules in tumor tissues with
triggered release behavior. Consequently, an effective therapeutic concentration of drugs/genes
is achieved in target tumor tissues with ultimately increased therapeutic efficacy and minimal
side effects on other non-cancerous tissues. This paper provides a brief overview of the production
processes for nanobubbles, along with their key characteristics and potential therapeutic
uses.
A Glance on Nanovaccine: A Potential Approach for Disease Prevention
Authors: Garg Akash , Agrawal Rutvi , Chopra Himansu , Singh Talever , Chaudhary Ramkumar , Tankara Abhishek 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
There are several vaccines available for preventing various bacterial and viral infections,
but still, there are many challenges that require the development of noninvasive, more
efficient, and active vaccines. The advancement in biotechnological tools has provided safer
antigens, such as nucleic acids, proteins etc., but due to their lower immunogenic property, adjuvants
of stronger immune response are required. Nanovaccines are effective vaccines when compared
with conventional vaccines as they can induce both Humoral and cell-mediated immune
responses and also provide longer immunogenic memory. The nanocarriers used in vaccines act
as adjuvant. They provide site-specific delivery of antigens and can be used in conjugation with
immunostimulatory molecules for enhancing adjuvant therapy. The nanovaccines avoid degrading
cell pathways and provide effective absorption into blood vessels. The higher potential of
nanovaccines to treat various diseases, such as Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome, Cancer,
Tuberculosis, Malaria and many others, along with their immunological mechanisms and different
types, have been discussed in the review.
A Survey of the Course: ‘How to Successfully Write a Scientific Article’
Authors: Jakovljevic Tamara Sljivancanin , Nikolic Nadja , Martic Jelena 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The aim of the present survey was to analyze the knowledge and skills in
medical paper writing of physicians who attended the course “how to write successfully a scientific
paper.”

Methods:
A blind survey was used to analyze participants' knowledge on the topic of the course
“how to write successfully a scientific paper.” Before starting the workshop, participants anonymously
filled out the input questionnaire containing 12 preliminary data questions. The three-hour
course included a lecture on the steps of creating and writing a scientific article with examples. At
the end, all participants anonymously completed the exit questionnaire consisting of 18 questions.
Differences and associations between the collected data were analyzed using appropriate statistical
tests.

Results:
The survey included 22 participants, most of whom were women (16, 72.7%). The participants'
educational level was proportional to their age. 12 of the participants had an intermediate
level, while the others reported higher English proficiency. Half of the participants had never published
an article. A significant difference was observed between English level and being the first
author of an article published in a scientific journal (p = 0.044). Before class, only 13.6% of participants
knew that guidelines are mandatory for making clinical decisions according to evidence-
based medicine. There was a significant positive correlation between sex and current affiliation
(p = 0.038). A negative correlation was observed between sex and article publication (p =
0.037). A positive correlation was observed between English level and current affiliation (p =
0.020). There was a negative correlation observed between previous sources of learning scientific
article writing and having already published an article (p = 0.025). A positive correlation was
found between reading an article and publishing it (p = 0.046). Statistical analysis showed a significant
difference between reading frequency, number of published articles, being the first author,
and knowing the title of a scientific article (p = 0.036, p = 0.027, and p = 0.030, respectively).

Conclusion:
The results of the questionnaires revealed discrepancies in prior research engagement
and understanding of scientific concepts and rules. This survey highlights the importance of the
course “how to successfully write a scientific article” in improving participants' knowledge of scientific
work and the process of creating an article for submission to medical journals.
Fluorescent Materials for Latent Fingerprint Detection
Authors: Rasin Puthiyavalappil , Kumar Vaishnu Suresh , Malappuram Kailas Mahipal , Sreekanth Anandaram 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
This review provides a comprehensive examination of the application of fluorescence
materials for the detection of latent fingerprints in forensic sciences. Traditional methods like powder
dusting, cyanoacrylate fuming, chemical methods, and small particle reagent techniques have shown
limitations due to issues like low contrast, sensitivity, selectivity, and high toxicity. To overcome
these drawbacks, recent focus has shifted towards using fluorescent materials, owing to their unique
optical and chemical properties. This review underscores the importance of latent fingerprint development
employing metal nanoparticles, semiconductor nanoparticles, and organic fluorescence compounds.
These advanced materials not only provide heightened contrast, sensitivity, and selectivity
compared to traditional methods but also manifest diminished toxicity. In essence, the review delivers
a methodical survey of these pioneering techniques.