bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomes miR-24-3p Target S1PR1 to Promote Angiogenesis and Induce Tumor Metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Shen Lanxiao , Zhou Xiaobo , Peng Zheng , Ren Siyan , Meng Rui , Huang Wenduo , Yang Rongbo , Fang Ya , Pan Huanle , Cao Zhuo , Jin Xiance , Xie Congying 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Angiogenesis is critical to the growth and metastasis of malignant tumors. The aim of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism of exosome miR-24-3p in angiogenesis and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Materials and methods
Plasma samples of 60 patients with confirmed NSCLC, 20 patients with benign lung disease, 20 healthy controls, and cancer and paracancerous tissues of 12 NSCLC patients were collected in authors’ hospital from June 2020 to December 2020 for the screening of reliable exocytotic microRNAs. Six cell lines were used to investigate the effect of exosome-derived miR-24-3p on vascular endothelial cells in tumors to clarify the pathways promoting tumor migration and proliferation. Animal experiments were conducted to further verify the function of miR-24-3p.
Results
The expression levels of miR-24-3p in plasma extracellular vesicles of NSCLC patients were significantly increased and correlated positively with disease stage. The miR-24-3p promoted angiogenesis and increased vascular permeability by inhibiting the expression of sphingosinel-phosphate receptor 1(S1PR1) in endothelial cells, indicating S1PR1 is a downstream target gene of miR-24-3p, which binds to the S1PR1 3’- UTR region.
Conclusions
Tumor-derived exosome miR-24-3p could enter vascular endothelial cells and promote angiogenesis and vascular permeability in NSCLC, which also enter the circulatory system to improve the pre-metastasis microenvironment in distant organs and ultimately promote the occurrence of tumor metastasis. miR-24-3p is a promising potential molecular biomarker and new drug therapeutic target for patients with NSCLC.
Noninvasive monitoring technologies to identify discomfort and distressing symptoms in persons with limited communication at the end of life: A scoping review
Authors: Xu Jingyuan , Smaling Hanneke JA , Schoones Jan W , Achterberg Wilco P , Steen Jenny T van der 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Discomfort and distressing symptoms are common at the end of life, while people in this stage are often no longer able to express themselves. Technologies may aid clinicians in detecting and treating these symptoms to improve end-of-life care. This review provides an overview of noninvasive monitoring technologies that may be applied to persons with limited communication at the end of life to identify discomfort or distressing symptoms.
Methods
A systematic search was performed in nine databases, and experts were consulted. Manuscripts were included if they were written in English, Dutch, German, French, Japanese or Chinese, if the monitoring technology measured discomfort or distressing symptoms, was noninvasive, could be continuously administered for 4 hours and was potentially applicable for bed-ridden people. The screening was performed by two researchers independently. Information about the technology, its clinimetrics (validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity, responsiveness), acceptability, and feasibility were extracted.
Results
Of the 3,414 identified manuscripts, 229 met the eligibility criteria. A variety of monitoring technologies were identified, including actigraphy, brain activity monitoring, electrocardiography, electrodermal activity monitoring, surface electromyography, incontinence sensors, multimodal systems, and noncontact monitoring systems. The main symptoms monitored by these technologies were sleep, level of consciousness, risk of pressure ulcers, urinary incontinence, agitation, and pain. For the end-of-life phase, brain activity monitors could be helpful and acceptable to monitor the level of consciousness during palliative sedation. However, no manuscripts have reported on the clinimetrics, feasibility, and acceptability of the other technologies for the end-of-life phase.
Conclusions
Noninvasive monitoring technologies are available to measure common symptoms at the end of life. Future research should evaluate the quality of evidence provided by existing studies and investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and usefulness of these technologies in the end-of-life setting. Guidelines for studies on healthcare technologies should be better implemented and further developed.
Cervical Cancer Prevention in Iran: A policy Brief on Challenges and Evidence-Based Recommendations
Authors: Pirani Narges , Takian Amirhossein , Bagherzadeh Rafat , Jafari Mehdi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective: Based on the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the prevalence and incidence of cervical cancer is increasing globally, especially in low and middle-income countries. Hence, developing a policy brief for meaningful formulation and successful implementation for prevention and control of cancer programs can guide policymakers.
Methods: This policy brief drew from a Ph.D. thesis on policy analysis of cervical cancer prevention in Iran. In this qualitative study, first a systematic review was conducted to compare the economic impact of combined strategies versus testing alone for cervical cancer screening worldwide. Next, a qualitative analysis of cervical cancer prevention and early detection was accomplished from July 2020 to September 2021, in Iran. Finally, to achieve the most important challenges, some solutions were recommended following the participants’ statements and review study.
Results: Compared with cytology-based screening tests or Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid, Human papillomavirus infection testing, alone or combined with other tests, has been reported as a cost-effective cervical cancer screening strategy worldwide, especially in high-income settings. In Iran, the low coverage of cervical cancer screening; inadequate knowledge, awareness and education on cervical cancer, and the economic problems of implementing new cervical cancer prevention strategies were all identified as the main challenges in Iran.
Conclusions: It is recommended to improve the purchasing power for vaccine procurement programs through coordinated action across global partners, i.e., Word Health Organization, Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (Gavi), the Global Fund to Fight Aids, TB & Malaria, the Union for International Cancer Control, and the World Bank, in addition to collaboration with the private sector manufacturers of vaccines, diagnostics, and treatment equipment. Moreover, using educational models of health promotion can be helpful to increase public knowledge and awareness on cervical cancer prevention.
Human blood metabolites and calculus of kidney: A bidirectional Mendelian randomized analysis
Authors: ChenTianze Tianze , Zhu Rui , Zhao Xiaojun , Huang Yuhua , Qiu Feng , Pu Jinxian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Kidney stones affect people worldwide and place a burden on public healthcare systems. Understanding the underlying mechanism of its occurrence is helpful for its prevention. The analysis of serum metabolites may facilitate a more comprehensive comprehension of the underlying biological processes. Mendelian randomization (MR) can furnish valuable insights into the causality of associations.
Methods We applied a two-sample MR analysis to evaluate relationships between 1,091 metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios and kidney calculus. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used to estimate the causal relationship of the exposure on the outcome, while The Cochran Q test statistic was utilized to quantify heterogeneity. The MR-PRESSO global test and MR-PRESSO outlier test were employed to calculate the horizontal pleiotropy and remove the outlying SNPs, respectively. Additionally, we conducted a "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis to identify any potential impacts. We also performed reverse MR Analysis to determine the potential causal relationship between kidney stones and metabolites.
Results We identified 2 known (1 risk and 1 protective) and 1 unknown serum metabolites associated with kidney calculus. The results of the IVW analysis (Figure 2) elucidated that causal effects of the genetically predicted increased abundance of blood sugar levels (OR: 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001–1.003) at the genus level were associated with the higher risk of calculus of kidney, while the increased abundance of maltotriose levels (OR: 0.998, 95% CI: 0.997–0.999) and X-24947 levels (OR: 0.999, 95% CI: 0.998–0.999) at genus level were associated with the lower risk of calculus of kidney. The reverse MR suggests a causal relationship between the occurrence of kidney stones and blood sugar levels (OR = 7.77e+08, 95% CI = 12.956 – 4.66e+16, p = 0.025, IVW).
Conclusion Our study further validates the causal relationship between kidney stones and blood sugar levels, and identifies two other metabolites that act as protective factors for kidney stones, which may help prioritize metabolic features for kidney calculus mechanistic research and further evaluation of their potential role in risk assessment.
The Incidence and Relevance of Hematochezia in the Interstage Congenital Heart Population
Authors: Strohacker Courtney M. , Cutler Noah S. , Yu Sunkyung , Lowery Ray E. , Goldberg Caren S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) increases morbidity and mortality for infants with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD). While hematochezia often proceeds NEC not all hematochezia progresses to NEC. We aimed to examine the incidence, risk-factors, and outcomes associated with hematochezia and NEC for infants with SVHD.Methods A single-center cohort study including SVHD patients requiring Stage I palliation from 12/2010-12/2015 was performed. Demographic, clinical, and outcome measures during the interstage period were abstracted from medical records. We defined hematochezia as blood in the stool without alternative etiology and NEC as systemic or intestinal signs concurrent with hematochezia and/or the presence of radiographic pneumatosis. Clinical characteristics and outcome measures were compared between patients with/without hematochezia and with/without NEC.Results Of 135 patients, 59(44%) had hematochezia and 20(15%) developed NEC. Demographic and operative factors were similar between patients with and without hematochezia. Patients with NEC were more often premature (15% vs 0%, p = 0.04), have lower birth weight (3.0 ± 0.6 vs 3.3 ± 0.5 kg, p = 0.03), longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (median 131 vs. 90 minutes, p = 0.02) and more often underwent unplanned cardiac catheterization (20% vs 3%, p = 0.04). Patients with hematochezia had more line days (p < .0001) and longer post-Stage-I length of stay (p < .0001) than those without hematochezia, and those with NEC had more line days than those without NEC (p = 0.02).Conclusions Hematochezia is frequent following Stage-I palliation, however only one third of these patients develop NEC. Non-NEC Hematochezia is associated with a similar increase in line and hospital days. Further research is needed to identify methods to avoid over treatment.
Computational Mapping of the Literature on Self-Directed Learning: Evolution, Trends and Research Hotspots
Authors: ORAM BIREN KUMAR , BISWAL RAMAKRISHNA , MINJ IPSITA , VERMA MANOJ KUMAR , BASUMATARY BWSRANG 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Self-directed learning (SDL) skills enable an individual to be self-sufficient and capable of continuing the learning process irrespective of social and contextual changes. SDL helps navigate our learning by fixing learning goals, identifying learning resources, and choosing appropriate strategies to achieve the goal. Considering the uncertainty in social and contextual conditions in the modern world, it is essential for every human being. The SDL skills prepare individuals to face real-life situations that require pragmatic solutions. This study presents a comprehensive Scientometric mapping of academic research done in SDL. The study extracted bibliographic records of 2056 articles on SDL from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Initially, study focused on the analysis of growth and forecast growth of publications and citation, followed by the trending topics, top contributing authors, organizations/institutions, countries, sources of publications and most influential articles have been identified. Moreover, study analysed the authorship collaboration and international collaboration pattern of the research publications on SDL. It is found that SDL research is increasing exponentially as an emerging topic, and a major amount of scholarly work is done in nursing and medical practices. The analysis also reveals that 69.36% of SDL-related research work has originated from China and USA. The understanding gained from the analysis will benefit young researchers, policymakers, educationists, and teachers to re-design the education practices for improved and quality education. The findings provide a robust understanding of the research hotspots on SDL and a roadmap for further research in this field.
Determinants of Non-enrollment on Health Insurance among Women in Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic Health Survey
Authors: Osborne Augustus , Essuman Mainprice Akuoko , James Peter Bai , Bangura Camilla , Aboagye Richard Gyan , Olorunsaiye Comfort Z. , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Health insurance enrollment is key to attaining universal health coverage. Yet, its enrollment in Sierra Leone remains persistently low, posing a public health challenge requiring attention. This study examined the factors associated with non-enrollment of health insurance among women aged 15–49 in Sierra Leone.
Methods
We analysed data from a weighted sample of 15,574 women aged 15–49 from the 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey. Percentages were used to present the proportion of health insurance enrollment among the women. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the factors associated with health insurance non-enrollment among the women. The results were presented using adjusted odds ratios (aOR), with their respective 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results
The proportion of health insurance non-enrollment among the women was 96.0%. Women with higher education had lower odds of non-enrollment (aOR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.20, 0.65) than women with no education. Women who are employed (aOR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.38, 0.66) and those who listen to the radio less than once a week (aOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.46, 0.81) had lower odds of non-enrollment than those unemployed and those who do not listen to the radio, respectively. Women who lived in Northwestern (aOR = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.15) and Northern regions (aOR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.13, 0.67) have lower odds of non-enrollment than women living in the Eastern region. Women who watched television less than once a week (aOR = 1.766, 95% CI = 1.04, 3.01) and those who had a big problem with distance to health facilities (aOR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.08, 5.59) had higher odds of non-enrollment than women who do not watch television at all and do not have a big problem with it.
Conclusions
Health insurance non-enrollment remains very high among women in Sierra Leone. Education, employment, exposure to media, distance to health facilities, and region are associated with low health insurance enrollment among women in Sierra Leone. Therefore, implementing targeted outreach programs involving community-based initiatives, workshops, and informational campaigns should be used to encourage women to enrol in health insurance. Again, efforts should be made to eliminate financial barriers that prevent women from being able to afford health insurance enrollment.
K isotopic fractionation in K-feldspar: Effects of mineral chemistry
Authors: Liu Shanke , Li Wenjun , Su Benxun , Pan Qiqi , Yuan Meng , Sakyi Patrick Asamoah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Controlling factors of potassium (K) isotopic fractionation in K-feldspar remain poorly constrained. In this study, we analyzed the K isotopic compositions of 11 K-feldspar samples from diverse lithological compositions. The degree of Al/Si order ranged from 0.22 to 0.94 (1.0 = completely ordered). Analyzed samples are mixtures of K-feldspar (&gt;70 wt%) and coexisting albite. The relative contribution of K2O from the K-feldspar phase of the sample was over 98%, indicating that the K isotopic composition (δ41K) derives mainly from K-feldspar and hence reflects its behavior. The δ41K values of these samples range from –0.710 to –0.075‰, which are slightly correlated with the degree of Al/Si order. The correlations of δ41K with SiO2 and Al2O3 contents and the corresponding Al/Si mole ratios reveal that Al and Si play a significant role in the K isotopic behavior of K-feldspar. The correlations of δ41K with SiO2 and Al2O3 contents are attributed to the difference in K-O bond strengths. Compared to K-feldspar, the K content could be a better proxy for constraining the δ41K of plagioclase. Our results demonstrate that the δ41K of K-feldspar is dependent on its mineral chemistry, and its K isotopic composition may be insensitive to other factors, such as the source heterogeneity. The inference is further confirmed by comparing the δ41K values in this study with published δ41K values of K-feldspar from different sources.
Comparison of capillary wick and trickle irrigation systems by assessing the effects of fertigation in various soil textures on growth traits of greenhouse cucumber plant
Authors: Jalili Jalal , Zareabyaneh Hamid 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the capillary wick irrigation (CWI) influence on the cucumber's growth characteristics when compared to trickle irrigation (TI) over the two growing seasons. The study incorporated three different soil textures, namely clay loam (CL) – S1, sandy clay loam (SCL) – S2, and sandy loam (SL) – S3, along with four fertilizer levels (F1, F2, F3, and F4) applied at 0.7, 0.85, 1.0, and 1.15 times the plant's nutrient requirements. According to the study findings, the combination of F4 fertilizer with TI yielded the best results in terms of reproductive traits, resulting in an average of 18.66 fruits and a total fruit weight of 1,229.5 g. In the case of CWI, the highest number of fruits and their combined weight were observed at the F3 fertilizer level, with 13.42 fruits and 846.3 g, respectively. The study also revealed that TI with soil texture S1 produced the highest average yield for all growth traits, while CWI with the lighter soil texture S3 exhibited superior results in vegetative and reproductive growth traits. The maximum fruit weight (1,460.26 g) was achieved using TI and S1F4, and the highest fruit weight (995.57 g) was obtained from S3F3 when using CWI.
PARP Inhibitors in Colorectal Malignancies: A 2023 Update
Authors: Skouteris Nikolaos , Papageorgiou Georgios 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies
in the Western world, and metastatic disease is associated with a dismal prognosis. Poly-ADpribose
polymerase (PARP) inhibitors gain increasing attention in the field of medical oncology,
as they lead to synthetic lethality in malignancies with preexisting alterations in the DNA
damage repair (DDR) pathway. As those alterations are frequently seen in CRC, a targeted
approach through PARP inhibitors is expected to benefit these patients, both alone and in
combination with other agents like chemotherapy, immunotherapy, antiangiogenics, and
radiation.

Objective:
This review article aims to better clarify the role of PARP inhibitors as a treatment
option in patients with metastatic CRC with alterations in the DDR pathway.

Methods:
We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria
were all human studies that illustrated the effective role of PARP inhibitors in patients with
metastatic CRC with homologous repair deficiency (HRD) and the correct line of therapy.

Results:
Current evidence supports the utilization of PARP inhibitors in CRC subgroups, as
monotherapy and in combination with other agents. Up to now, data are insufficient to support a
formal indication, and further research is needed.

Conclusion:
Efforts to precisely define the homologous repair deficiency (HRD) in CRC – and
eventually the subgroup of patients that are expected to benefit the most – are also underway.
Synthesis and Characterization of V2O5 Nanorods Using Hydrothermal
Method for Energy Application
Authors: Ranu Rupin , Chavan Kalyan B. , Desarada Sachin V. , Gade Vikas K. , Kadam Sukdeo L. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Nanomaterials are very useful in energy harvesting and energy storage devices.
Morphological features play a vital role in energy storage devices. Supercapacitors and batteries
are examples of energy storage devices. The working of a supercapacitor is decided by the nature
of the microstructure and other features of the electrode material. Vanadium Pentaoxide (V2O5) is
one of the promising materials due to its attractive features, such as band gap, multiple oxidation
state, and large conductivity transition from semiconducting to conducting domain.

Objective:
This study aimed to perform the tuning of structural, optical and morphological properties
of V2O5 nanomaterials using the hydrothermal method.

Methods:
A low-cost hydrothermal method was used in this work. Hydrothermal synthesis was carried
out at different concentrations of Ammonium Metavanadate (NH4VO3), varying from 0.06 M,
0.08 M, and 0.1 M in the aqueous medium. Moreover, the pH of the solution was maintained at 4 using
drop-wise addition of H2SO4. Hydrothermal synthesis was carried out at 160° for 24 hours. The
synthesized precipitate was annealed at 700° for 7 hours in ambient air. Structural, optical, morphological,
and elemental probing was carried out.

Result:
XRD revealed the formation of monoclinic crystalline phase formation of V2O5. Crystallite
size increased with an increase in the concentration of vanadium precursor. The band gap obtained
using UV-Vis spectroscopy decreased upon an increase in concentration. SEM micrographs displayed
nanosheet and nanorod-like distorted morphology. The presence of vanadium and oxygen
was noticed in the EDS study.

Conclusion::
Nanoparticles with attractive features are very useful as an electrode material for supercapacitors.
Upon changing concentration, we can change the band gap of the material, adding an extra
edge in the use of these materials.