bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verbum Interius
Authors: Guna Fransiskus 
Published: January 2024

Thomas Aquinas, in one or another way, inherits from Augustine of Hippo a philosophical and theological patrimony that has a great impact on the doctrine of the church. The influence of Augustine on Aquinas which is in turn called Aquinas’s Augustinianism is informed by Aristotle’s thought. One of the Augustinian theological heritage that developed by Aquinas is the teaching of the Word that is the second person in the Trinity. Althought full of controversy, Aquinas stands confirmed in using Aristotle’s epistemology as lens for reading Augustine’s teaching; and, in turn, he sets up an insightful theological synthesis. This article is traying to show how far even how good Aquinas works on the concept of word both in theological and philosophical sense.
Maternal smoking DNA methylation risk score associated with health outcomes in offspring of European and South Asian ancestry
Authors: Deng Wei Q , Cawte Nathan , Campbell Natalie , Azab Sandi M , de Souza Russell J , Lamri Amel , Morrison Katherine M , Atkinson Stephanie A , Subbarao Padmaja , Turvey Stuart E , Moraes Theo J , Teo Koon K , Mandhane Piush J , Azad Meghan B , Simons Elinor , Paré Guillaume , Anand Sonia S 
Published: January 2024

Background:Maternal smoking has been linked to adverse health outcomes in newborns but the extent to which it impacts newborn health has not been quantified through an aggregated cord blood DNA methylation (DNAm) score. Here, we examine the feasibility of using cord blood DNAm scores leveraging large external studies as discovery samples to capture the epigenetic signature of maternal smoking and its influence on newborns in White European and South Asian populations.Methods:We first examined the association between individual CpGs and cigarette smoking during pregnancy, and smoking exposure in two White European birth cohorts (n=744). Leveraging established CpGs for maternal smoking, we constructed a cord blood epigenetic score of maternal smoking that was validated in one of the European-origin cohorts (n=347). This score was then tested for association with smoking status, secondary smoking exposure during pregnancy, and health outcomes in offspring measured after birth in an independent White European (n=397) and a South Asian birth cohort (n=504).Results:Several previously reported genes for maternal smoking were supported, with the strongest and most consistent association signal from the GFI1 gene (6 CpGs with p<5 × 10-5). The epigenetic maternal smoking score was strongly associated with smoking status during pregnancy (OR = 1.09 [1.07, 1.10], p=5.5 × 10-33) and more hours of self-reported smoking exposure per week (1.93 [1.27, 2.58], p=7.8 × 10-9) in White Europeans. However, it was not associated with self-reported exposure (p>0.05) among South Asians, likely due to a lack of smoking in this group. The same score was consistently associated with a smaller birth size (–0.37±0.12 cm, p=0.0023) in the South Asian cohort and a lower birth weight (–0.043±0.013 kg, p=0.0011) in the combined cohorts.Conclusions:This cord blood epigenetic score can help identify babies exposed to maternal smoking and assess its long-term impact on growth. Notably, these results indicate a consistent association between the DNAm signature of maternal smoking and a small body size and low birth weight in newborns, in both White European mothers who exhibited some amount of smoking and in South Asian mothers who themselves were not active smokers.Funding:This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Metabolomics Team Grant: MWG-146332.
Identification of a necroptosis-related gene signature for making clinical predictions of the survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Xiaoping , Zhao Ming , Fan Yingzi , Xu Ying 
Published: January 2024

Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major pathological subtype of malignant lung cancer with a poor prognosis. Necroptosis is a caspase-independent programmed cell death mode that plays a pivotal role in cancer oncogenesis and metastasis. Here, we explore the prognostic values of different necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) in LUAD.

Methods
mRNA expression data and related clinical information for LUAD samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. NRGs were identified using the GeneCards database. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression and multivariate Cox analysis were used to construct a prognostic risk model. Time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic curves and a nomogram were constructed to validate the predictive values of the prognostic signatures. A necroptosis-related protein–protein interaction network was visualised using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Functional analyses, including Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment, gene set enrichment, and gene set variation analyses, were conducted to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, the mRNA expression of the prognostic signatures in LUAD cell lines was assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis.

Results
A prognostic model was established for eight NRGs (CALM1, DDX17, FPR1, OGT, PGLYRP1, PRDX1, TUFM, and CPSF3) based on TCGA-cohort data and validated with the GSE68465 cohort. Patients with low-risk scores had better survival outcomes than those with high-risk scores (p = 0.00013). The nomogram was used to predict the prognosis of patients with LUAD. The prediction curves for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS showed good predictive performance and the accuracy of the nomograms increased over time. RT-qPCR results demonstrated that these eight genes, especially CALM1, PRDX1, and PGLYRP1, were differentially expressed in LUAD cells.

Conclusion
We constructed a reliable eight-NRG signature that provides new insights for guiding clinical practice in the prognosis and treatment of LUAD.
Conceptualisation of Socio Educational Participation
Authors: Careemdeen Jalal Deen 
Published: January 2024

Aims: This paper aims to comprehensively explore socio-educational participation by synthesizing insights from open-access databases. The study focuses on understanding the multifaceted nature of educational involvement through an examination of parental participation in student learning, student engagement in lesson activities, and involvement in extracurricular pursuits.
Study Design: The review encompasses multiple reputable platforms, including Sage Journals, Scopus, Google Scholar, Educational Resource Centre (ERIC), JSTOR-Journal Storage, Emerald, Science Direct, SpringerLink, Taylor and Francis, and Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ). The search is guided by keywords such as socio-education participation, student participation in learning, and parental participation in student learning. The study's conceptual framework is rooted in sociological theories and secondary data, enriched by current literature reviews from diverse perspectives and sources.
Place and Duration of Study: The study is conducted across various online platforms and databases, spanning a duration determined by the availability of relevant literature. The review incorporates insights from a wide array of sources to ensure a comprehensive analysis of socio-educational participation.
Methodology: The research employs a systematic approach to review 75 selected articles, utilizing varied databases to gather insights. The synthesis of diverse perspectives and a meticulous review contribute to a nuanced understanding of socio-educational participation. The study also explores varied definitions and interpretations of socio-educational participation, shaped by scholars and organizations with distinct thematic motivations.
Results: The findings shed light on the dynamic relationships within the educational sphere, emphasizing the importance of parental engagement, student involvement in academic pursuits, and participation in extracurricular activities for a holistic educational experience. The conceptualization in this study identifies three integral components: parental participation in student learning, student engagement in lesson activities, and involvement in extracurricular pursuits.
Conclusion: By analyzing the intricacies of socio-educational participation, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the multifaceted nature of educational involvement. The synthesis of diverse perspectives and a meticulous review of literature offer a nuanced understanding of the subject, providing valuable insights for educators, researchers, and policymakers aiming to enhance educational experiences.
Birth Weight and Third-trimester Maternal Vitamins A, C, and E Levels
Authors: Joseph Gregory Uchechukwu , Oyediran Oyewale Thomas , Oladiti Rashidat Abidemi , Iyanda Ayobola Abolape 
Published: January 2024

Background: Deficiencies of micronutrients (especially vitamins C, A, and E) during intra-uterine life have been linked with the possibility of increased risk of some diseases (e.g. cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes) in adulthood.
Aims: Therefore, it becomes expedient that persistent and vigorous attention be paid to maternal vitamin status during gestation.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional comparative study carried out at maternity centres in Osogbo Local Government. Forty women who were at least 29 weeks of gestation and 40 apparently healthy women, age-matched, non-pregnant constituted the test and control groups respectively. Blood was obtained through an ante-cubital vein, centrifuged and used for vitamin estimations (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). Birth weight and neonatal mortality ratio were the birth outcomes that were obtained. Data analysis was by Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. P≤0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Serum status of vitamins A (2.68±3.88 µg/dL); C (0.95±0.44 mg/dL); and E (0.67±0.04 mg/dL) were significantly lower at third trimester compared with the corresponding values of 6.98±1.26 µg/dL; 2.99±0.11 mg/dL; and 1.66±0.08 mg/dL among non-pregnant control. There were significant adverse pregnancy outcomes as signified by 10% stillbirths. In addition, low birth weight (1.5-2.4 kg) was observed among approximately 50% of the babies but no correlation was observed except between vitamins C and E.
Conclusions: The results of this study revealed that among Nigerian pregnant women, there are risks of abnormal birth outcomes and low levels of vitamin A, C, and E. Aside depletions in vitamin C and E, the results of the study (r= .376; p= .020) suggest possible metabolic interaction between both.
Effect of Tobacco-Smoking on Cognitive Function among Young Adults in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India-A Pilot Study
Authors: Jindal Vishal , Udey Bharat , Bhatia Jagriti , Singh Jawahar , Singh Gurvinder Pal 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Around 25% of the world's population uses tobacco, with smoking being the most common form. Smoking is linked to long-term health issues, respiratory, cardiovascular, malignancies, neuropsychological dysfunction, and increased risk of depression and cognitive decline. The study aimed to compare non-smokers and tobacco smokers to assess cognitive function impact, hypothesizing smokers have poorer cognitive function.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study involved 50 young adults, 25 smokers and 25 non-smokers, in a psychiatry outpatient department at AIIMS Bathinda, Punjab, India. Participants were healthy individuals, without serious medical conditions, drug dependence, or significant brain trauma. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Cognitive functions were assessed using Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) (7.1 version) and Fagerstrom Test was used to assess severity of Nicotine dependence among smokers. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Sample consisted of 25 male smokers and 25 non-smokers, with 64% aged 22-24 years. Both groups were comparable in in terms of age, education and socioeconomic status. There was no statistically significant difference in cognitive function (MoCA) across demographic profile of subjects. In comparison to tobacco smokers, non-users had a higher mean MoCA score (22.12 vs. 22.08). Abstraction and recall were significantly impaired (p values 0.048 and 0.007, respectively) in tobacco smokers. There was a significant association between cognitive function (MoCA) and nicotine dependency severity (Fagerstorm Test; p=0.026) among tobacco users.
Conclusion: Tobacco smoking increases the risk of neurocognitive impairment, in young adults. The degree of smoking has an adverse effect on individuals' cognitive performance.
Implications: Young adults frequently use tobacco, especially in the form of smoking. Smoking tobacco is thought to enhance performance and attention. However, the current study discovered that it was linked to diminished cognitive function in the areas of recall and attention. Additionally, smokers' cognition is considerably impaired due to the severity of their nicotine dependence. The study implies that in order to understand the relationship between tobacco smoking and cognitive functions, large-scale, prospective investigations are necessary. Additionally, including radiological evaluation of brain functions using functional MRI may provide clearer evidence of the areas of the brain affected by tobacco use.
Inhibiting children's memory of an interactive event: the effectiveness of a cover‐up
Authors: Williams Sara‐Jayne , Wright Daniel B. , Freeman Norman H. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractChildren are generally more susceptible than adults to suggestive interview techniques. Children's memories of an event can be altered and added to by presenting post‐event information (PEI). What is not known is whether embedding silence about a particular scene within the PEI makes that scene less likely to be reported. Children aged 5–6 years made cakes with an agent ‘Mrs Flour’. The following day they received PEI in which a target scene from the original event was omitted, resulting in children reporting the target scene significantly less often than did controls (control= 57% and omit= 23% correct responses). There was direct evidence from the children's language that the omission led to a detriment in memory for the original scene itself. Allowing children to draw during the interview did not reduce the effect. Implications are discussed in terms of child victims and witnesses particularly regarding child sexual abuse. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of memory schemata on memory and the phenomenological experience of naturalistic situations
Authors: Neuschatz Jeffrey S. , Lampinen James M. , Preston Elizabeth L. , Hawkins Emily R. , Toglia Michael P. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractTwo experiments document the effect of memory schemata in naturalistic situations. Participants in both experiments watched a short videotaped lecture in which the instructor enacted several schema‐consistent actions (e.g. writing on a whiteboard) and schema‐inconsistent actions (e.g. smoking a cigarette). Following the videotaped lecture, participants completed a recognition test and rated the phenomenological content of their memories. In both experiments, memory was more accurate for schema‐inconsistent actions than for schema‐consistent actions. Participants also indicated that their memories of schema‐inconsistent actions were more vivid than schema‐consistent actions. Interestingly, in Experiment 2, the false memory rate for typical items increased across both 48‐hour and one week retention intervals. These results have important implications for the processes of normal human memory in everyday situations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamics of communication in emergency management
Authors: Dunn John C. , Lewandowsky Stephan , Kirsner Kim 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis study investigated the dynamics of communication between members of an emergency management team faced with controlling a hazardous chemical spill. The effects of two sets of factors on communication were investigated; task‐specific factors pertaining to characteristics of the emergency management task that are constant across different emergency situations, and situation‐specific factors pertaining to the unique characteristics of the current situation. The results showed that both these factors were important in determining the pattern of communication between key team members. Verbal exchanges were found both to be correlated with the occurrence of critical events and to follow a 30‐minute temporal cycle. The implications of the results for theories of naturalistic decision making are discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neural‐hybrid control of systems with sandwiched dead‐zones
Authors: Taware Avinash , Tao Gang 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe control of systems that have sandwiched nonsmooth nonlinearities, such as a dead‐zone sandwiched between two dynamic blocks, is addressed. An adaptive inverse control scheme using a hybrid controller structure and a neural network based inverse compensator, is proposed for such systems with unknown sandwiched dead‐zone. This neural‐hybrid controller consists of an inner loop discrete‐time feedback structure incorporated with an adaptive inverse using a neural network for the unknown dead‐zone, and an outer‐loop continuous‐time feedback control law for achieving desired output tracking. The dead‐zone compensator consists of two neural networks, one used as an estimator of the sandwiched dead‐zone function and the other for the compensation itself. The compensator neural network has neurons that can approximate jump functions such as a dead‐zone inverse. The weights of the two neural networks are tuned using a modified gradient algorithm. Simulation results are given to illustrate the performance of the proposed neural‐hybrid controller. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of prior bounds on time constants and steady‐state gain in recursive parameter bounding
Authors: Messaoud H. , Norton J.P. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractComputation of parameter bounds of a linear dynamical system, given input–output observations and bounds on model‐output error, has been developed as an alternative to classical parameter estimation using least squares, maximum likelihood or the prediction error method. When bounds on time‐domain plant behaviour are known in advance, they can be used to develop prior parameter bounds for discrete‐time rational transfer‐function parameters. These bounds can be used to initialize standard parameter‐bounding algorithms which process input–output observations to update the exact polytope feasible set or one of its outer bounding approximations such as an ellipsoid, orthotope or parallelotope. This paper presents a method to compute such prior bounds from bounds on time constants and steady‐state (dc) gain, often available from the physics of the system or from previous experience. The method finds subsets making up the prior feasible parameter set, recursively in model order, for any configuration of the pole ranges. An analysis leading to measures of the value of prior bounds, in terms of their chances of remaining active when new bounds derived from observations are imposed, is presented. A simulation study compares polytope updating with and without such initial bounds. The simulations investigate the influence of the tightness of time‐constant and steady‐state‐gain bounds in reducing the volume of the feasible sets obtained as observations are processed. The effects of initial bound tightness and signal‐to‐noise ratio on survival time of the prior bounds are also examined. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Closed‐loop iterative learning control for non‐linear systems with initial shifts
Authors: Sun Mingxuan , Wang Danwei 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the problem of the iterative learning control with current cycle feedback for a class of non‐linear systems with well‐defined relative degree. The tracking error caused by a non‐zero initial shift is detected as extended D‐type learning algorithm is applied. The defect is overcome by adding terms including the output error, its derivatives as well as integrals. Asymptotic tracking of the final output to the desired trajectory is guaranteed. As an alternative approach, an initial rectifying action is introduced in the extended D‐type learning algorithm and shown effective to achieve the desired trajectory jointed smoothly with a transitional trajectory from the starting position. Also these algorithms with adjustable tracking interval ensure better robustness performance in the presence of initial shifts. Numerical simulation is conducted to demonstrate the theoretical results. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Energetics and optimization of human walking and running: The 2000 Raymond Pearl memorial lecture
Authors: McNeill Alexander R. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractHumans seem to adjust their walking and running gaits to minimise the metabolic energy cost of locomotion. The walking speed that we tend to prefer is the one that minimises energy cost per unit distance, though faster speeds might seem preferable when time is valuable. At speeds up to 2 m/s, walking requires less energy than running, and we walk. At higher speeds, running is more economical, and we run. At each speed we use the stride length that minimises energy costs. A computer model that predicts metabolic rates for all conceivable gaits of a simple biped helps to understand these and other features of human gait. The energy cost of walking is increased on uphill slopes and also on soft ground. Consequently, zigzag paths should be preferred to straight ones, up hills of more than a critical gradient. Also, it may be more economical to divert a path around a hill than to travel along a straight line. Simple theories of optimum diversions are presented, both for hilly ground and for ground interrupted by marshy patches, on which costs of walking are increased. Energy costs are also increased by heavy loads, though it seems possible in some circumstances to carry moderate loads without measurable extra cost. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 14:641–648, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Energetics and evolution: An emerging research domain
Authors: Leonard William R. , Ulijaszek Stanley J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe study of energetics is important to human biology because the availability and utilization of food energy influence health, survival, and reproduction. Over the last decade, human biologists, biological anthropologists, and other evolutionary scientists have increasingly come to recognize the importance of energy dynamics in shaping evolutionary processes. Thus far, different lines of energetics research have been conducted largely in isolation from one another. This thematic collection examines topics of evolutionary energetics from several different perspectives, drawing together research from human paleontology, comparative primate and mammalian biology, human population biology, and mathematical modeling. It represents a starting point for further integrative research on human evolutionary energetics. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 14: 547–550, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.