bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal D2D power for secure D2D communication with random eavesdropper in 5G‐IoT networks
Authors: Chandra Saurabh , Arya Rajeev , Singh Maheshwari Prasad 
Published: December 2023

SummaryIn the rapidly evolving landscape of fifth generation Internet of Things (5G‐IoT) networks, Device‐to‐Device (D2D) communication has emerged as a promising paradigm to enhance secrecy transmission rate (STR) and connectivity. However, the security of D2D communications in the presence of eavesdroppers remains a critical challenge. This article investigates the problem of optimizing D2D transmit power to achieve secure D2D communication while considering the presence of random eavesdroppers in 5G‐IoT networks. We propose a novel secrecy‐based power control approach (SRMWPCA) approach to model the random distribution of eavesdroppers in the network, taking into account their varying distances from D2D pairs and deliberately increasing interference at the eavesdropper's link. By leveraging tools from stochastic geometry, we derive an analytical expression for the secrecy transmission probability (STP), which quantifies the probability of eavesdroppers successfully decoding the D2D transmission. In this analysis, we have incorporated practical considerations such as channel fading, path loss, and interference from other devices. To enhance the security of D2D communication, we formulate an optimization problem to determine the optimal transmit power levels for D2D pairs, subject to constraints on the secrecy transmission probability and interference to the cellular network. We propose an efficient algorithm to find the power allocation that maximizes the secrecy outage performance while meeting these constraints. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in achieving secure D2D communication in 5G‐IoT networks with random eavesdroppers. The performance of the proposed SRMWPCA approach improved by 23.25% and 20.9% compared with standard approaches in terms of the secrecy rate and throughput of the users from malicious attacks.
Adsorption of Organic Pollutants on Carbonaceous Adsorbents Prepared by Direct Activation of Sweet Cherry Stones
Authors: Nowicki Piotr , Kaźmierczak Magdalena , Wiśniewska Małgorzata 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of the sweet cherry stones for the production of carbonaceous adsorbents by means of direct physical activation method, using conventional and microwave variant of heating. The adsorbents were characterized in terms of textural parameters, acidic‐basic character of the surface, electrokinetic properties and their suitability for drinking water purification. Adsorption tests were carried out against three organic compounds – Triton X‐100 (surfactant), bovine serum albumin (protein) and methylene blue (synthetic dye). Depending on the variant of heating applied during activation procedure, the obtained activated biochars differed significantly in terms of the elemental composition, acidic‐basic properties as well as degree of specific surface development and the type of porous structure generated. Adsorption tests have showed that the efficiency of organic pollutants removal from aqueous solutions depends significantly not only on the type of the adsorbent and adsorbate applied, but also on the temperature and pH of the system. The sample prepared by microwave‐assisted direct activation proved to be very effective in terms of all tested organic pollutants adsorption. The maximum sorption capacity toward Triton X‐100, bovine serum albumin and methylene blue reached the level of 86.5, 23.4 and 81.1 mg/g, respectively.
Does adolescent academic achievement predict future parenting?
Authors: McAnally H. M. , Iosua E. , Belsky J. , Sligo J. L. , Letcher P. , Greenwood C. J. , Spry E. , Thomson K. C. , Macdonald J. A. , Bolton A. E. , Olsson C. A. , Hancox R. J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe effects of academic achievement may extend beyond economic success to influence social functioning, including future parenting. To evaluate whether adolescent academic achievement forecasts future parenting (both positive and negative) and the family home environment of parents. We used prospectively gathered intergenerational data from a population‐based birth cohort born in 1972/1973 in Dunedin, New Zealand, including data from Generation 1 (parents of the birth cohort), the birth cohort (Generation 2; G2), and G2's children (Generation 3). Adolescent academic achievement in G2 was used to predict observed and reported parenting outcomes when offspring (G3) were aged 3 years after controlling for a range of covariates, including G2's adolescent wellbeing, early childhood socioeconomic status (collected from G1), and G2's age at child's birth. We also evaluated 2‐way interactions between academic achievement and G2 parent sex, G3 child behaviour, and G2 adolescent wellbeing. Greater G2 academic achievement, net of controls, predicted more positive and less negative parenting (for mothers only), and a more positive home environment. For the home environment outcome, the effect of adolescent academic achievement was moderated by wellbeing. Adolescent academic achievement may positively influence parenting behaviour and the quality of the home environment.
A single center retrospective study: Comparison between centrifugal separation plasma exchange with ACD‐A and membrane separation plasma exchange with heparin on acute liver failure and acute on chronic liver failure
Authors: Zhu Xin‐Fang , Li Jia‐Qiang , Liu Tian‐Tian , Wang Yuan , Zhong Yao , Gao Qing‐Mei , Zhang Qi , Yu Kang‐Kang , Huang Chong , Li Ning , Lu Qing , Zhang Wen‐Hong , Zhang Ji‐Ming , Xia Rong , Zheng Jian‐Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective study is to compare the efficacy and safety of the centrifugal separation therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) using citrate anticoagulant (cTPEc) with membrane separation TPE using heparin anticoagulant (mTPEh) in liver failure patients. The patients treated by cTPEc were defined as cTPEc group and those treated by mTPEh were defined as mTPEh group, respectively. Clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups. Survival analyses of two groups and subgroups classified by the model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score were performed by Kaplan–Meier method and were compared by the log‐rank test. In this study, there were 51 patients in cTPEc group and 18 patients in mTPEh group, respectively. The overall 28‐day survival rate was 76% (39/51) in cTPEc group and 61% (11/18) in mTPEh group (P > .05). The 90‐day survival rate was 69% (35/51) in cTPEc group and 50% (9/18) in mTPEh group (P > .05). MELD score = 30 was the best cut‐off value to predict the prognosis of patients with liver failure treated with TPE, in mTPEh group as well as cTPEc group. The median of total calcium/ionized calcium ratio (2.84, range from 2.20 to 3.71) after cTPEc was significantly higher than the ratio (1.97, range from 1.73 to 3.19) before cTPEc (P < .001). However, there was no significant difference between the mean concentrations of total calcium before cTPEc and at 48 h after cTPEc. Our study concludes that there was no statistically significant difference in survival rate and complications between cTPEc and mTPEh groups. The liver failure patients tolerated cTPEc treatment via peripheral vascular access with the prognosis similar to mTPEh. The prognosis in patients with MELD score < 30 was better than in patients with MELD score ≥ 30 in both groups. In this study, the patients with acute liver failure (ALF) and acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) treated with cTPEc tolerated the TPE frequency of every other day without significant clinical adverse event of hypocalcemia with similar outcomes to the mTPEh treatment. For liver failure patients treated with cTPEc, close clinical observation and monitoring ionized calcium are necessary to ensure the patients' safety.
Intrinsic factors behind long COVID: III. Persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its components
Authors: El‐Baky Nawal Abd , Amara Amro A. , Uversky Vladimir N. , Redwan Elrashdy M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConsiderable research has been done in investigating SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, its characteristics, and host immune response. However, debate is still ongoing over the emergence of post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (PASC). A multitude of long‐lasting symptoms have been reported several weeks after the primary acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection that resemble several other viral infections. Thousands of research articles have described various post‐COVID‐19 conditions. Yet, the evidence around these ongoing health problems, the reasons behind them, and their molecular underpinnings are scarce. These persistent symptoms are also known as long COVID‐19. The persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and/or its components in host tissues can lead to long COVID. For example, the presence of viral nucleocapsid protein and RNA was detected in the skin, appendix, and breast tissues of some long COVID patients. The persistence of viral RNA was reported in multiple anatomic sites, including non‐respiratory tissues such as the adrenal gland, ocular tissue, small intestine, lymph nodes, myocardium, and sciatic nerve. Distinctive viral spike sequence variants were also found in non‐respiratory tissues. Interestingly, prolonged detection of viral subgenomic RNA was observed across all tissues, sometimes in multiple tissues of the same patient, which likely reflects recent but defective viral replication. Moreover, the persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was noticed throughout the brain at autopsy, as late as 230 days following symptom onset among unvaccinated patients who died of severe infection. Here, we review the persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its components as an intrinsic factor behind long COVID. We also highlight the immunological consequences of this viral persistence.
Empirical evidence on the relationship between migrants' remittances and private investment in Burkina Faso: A dynamic simultaneous equation model
Authors: Yoda Abdoul Hadirou , Diendere Achille Augustin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research explores the channels through which migrant remittances can promote private investment. The research method favours a dynamic simultaneous equation model estimated using a combination of the bootstrap method and the three‐stage least squares estimator to account for the interdependence between remittances and private investment. The study area is Burkina Faso, and the period of analysis covers the period 1985–2021. One of the main findings is that the level of corruption risk and the demographic dependency ratio are important transmission channels. Findings suggest creating an institutional framework that enhances the level of transparency and accountability and accelerates the demographic transition process.
Evaluation of renal markers and liver enzymes in patients infected with the Chikungunya virus
Authors: Soares Anderson Pereira , de Lima Neto Daniel Ferreira , Pour Shahab Zaki , Passos Saulo Duarte , Cunha Marielton dos Passos , Zanotto Paolo Marinho de Andrade 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus (Togaviridae family, Alphavirus genus) that was first identified in 1953 in Tanzania. In 2014, the Asian and East/Central/South/African (ECSA) genotypes were identified in Brazil, although the genotype that spread the most in the following years across the Brazilian territory was the ECSA. The clinical symptoms associated with the infection caused by CHIKV include mainly fever, myalgia, headache, and arthralgia. In infections caused by other arboviruses (such as the ones caused by Dengue and West Nile viruses), changes in biochemical markers are often observed. This study aims to evaluate the biochemical markers profile of kidney and liver injury in acute patients infected with CHIKV. Two groups of correlations were found between the variables analyzed, namely, one between liver enzymes (r = 0.91), and another for kidney markers (r = 0.54–0.66). A significant elevation in the percentage of altered creatinine in CHIKV‐infected patients was observed, followed by uric acid and AST. Altogether, in 8 different comparisons, it was possible to observe statistically significant differences between the levels of the markers when compared to the manifestation of symptoms (presence and absence). These noticeable changes in marker measurements could potentially be connected to the range of clinical symptoms seen in the disease.
Stability of pathogens on banknotes and coins: A narrative review
Authors: Meister Toni Luise , Kirchhoff Lisa , Brüggemann Yannick , Todt Daniel , Steinmann Joerg , Steinmann Eike 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor the prevention of infectious diseases, knowledge about potential transmission routes is essential. Pathogens can be transmitted directly (i.e. respiratory droplets, hand‐to‐hand contact) or indirectly via contaminated surfaces (fomites). In particular, frequently touched objects/surfaces may serve as transmission vehicles for different clinically relevant bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens. Banknotes and coins offer ample surface area and are frequently exchanged between individuals. Consequently, many concerns have been raised in the recent past, that banknotes and coins could serve as vectors for the transmission of disease‐causing microorganisms. This review summarizes the latest research on the potential of paper currency and coins to serve as sources of pathogenic viral, bacterial, and fungal agents. In contrast to the current perception of banknotes and coins as important transmission vehicles, current evidence suggests, that banknotes and coins do not pose a particular risk of pathogen infection for the public.
A study of search strategy availability statements and sharing practices for systematic reviews: Ask and you might receive
Authors: Neilson Christine J. , Premji Zahra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe literature search underpins data collection for all systematic reviews (SRs). The SR reporting guideline PRISMA, and its extensions, aim to facilitate research transparency and reproducibility, and ultimately improve the quality of research, by instructing authors to provide specific research materials and data upon publication of the manuscript. Search strategies are one item of data that are explicitly included in PRISMA and the critical appraisal tool AMSTAR2. Yet some authors use search availability statements implying that the search strategies are available upon request instead of providing strategies up front. We sought out reviews with search availability statements, characterized them, and requested the search strategies from authors via email. Over half of the included reviews cited PRISMA but less than a third included any search strategies. After requesting the strategies via email as instructed, we received replies from 46% of authors, and eventually received at least one search strategy from 36% of authors. Requesting search strategies via email has a low chance of success. Ask and you might receive—but you probably will not. SRs that do not make search strategies available are low quality at best according to AMSTAR2; Journal editors can and should enforce the requirement for authors to include their search strategies alongside their SR manuscripts.
Factors Predicting Discharge Disposition Following Head and Neck Free Flap Reconstruction
Authors: Chandna Megha , Kumar Ayan , Crippen Meghan , Sakkal Marah , Guler Meryam , Garg Neha , Tekumalla Sruti , Barbarite Eric , Krein Howard , Heffelfinger Ryan 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesPatients undergoing head and neck free flap reconstruction (HNFFR) may have significant change to their baseline functional status requiring inpatient rehabilitation (IPR) after discharge. We sought to identify patient/procedure characteristics predictive of discharge destination.MethodsPatients undergoing elective HNFFR between July 2017 and July 2022 were reviewed for discharge destination. Those discharged to IPR versus home were compared across patient/procedure characteristics and physical/occupational therapy metrics. Significance was assessed via bivariate and multivariable analyses.ResultsOf the 531 patients, 102 (19.2%) required IPR postoperatively. Patients discharged to IPR versus home were significantly older (70.1 [11.6] vs. 64.1 [13.1] years; p < 0.001) and more likely to lack family assistance (26.5% vs. 8.6%; p < 0.001), require baseline assistance for activities of daily living (ADLs) (31.4% vs. 9.8%; p < 0.001), have baseline cognitive dysfunction (15.7% vs. 6.1%; p = 0.001), were more likely to have neoplasm as the surgical indication for HNFFR (89.2% vs. 80.0%; p = 0.033) and more likely to have a tracheostomy postop (62.7% vs. 51.7%), and had a significantly longer length of stay (11.2 [8.0] vs. 6.8 [8.3] days; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in gender, donor site, use of tube feeds, and use of assistive devices between the two groups. Following logistic regression, the strongest predictors of discharge to IPR include lack of family assistance (OR = 3.8; p < 0.001) and baseline assistance for ADLs (OR = 4.0, p < 0.001).ConclusionCertain patient factors predict the need for discharge to rehab after HNFFR. Perioperative identification of these factors may facilitate patient counseling and discharge planning with potential to reduce hospital length of stay and further optimize patient care.Level of EvidenceIII Laryngoscope, 134:2721–2725, 2024
Dietary linoleic acid lowering alone does not lower arachidonic acid or endocannabinoids among women with overweight and obesity: A randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Courville Amber B. , Majchrzak‐Hong Sharon , Yang Shanna , Turner Sara , Wilhite Breanne , Ness Shipley Katherine , Horneffer Yvonne , Domenichiello Anthony F. , Schwandt Melanie , Cutler Roy G. , Chen Kong Y. , Hibbeln Joseph R. , Ramsden Christopher E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe linoleic acid (LA)‐arachidonic acid (ARA)‐inflammatory axis suggests dietary LA lowering benefits health because it lowers ARA and ARA‐derived endocannabinoids (ECB). Dietary LA reduction increases concentrations of omega‐3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and DHA derived ECB. The aim of this study was to examine targeted reduction of dietary LA, with and without EPA and DHA, on plasma EPA and DHA and ECB (2‐arachidonoyl glycerol [2‐AG], anandamide [AEA], and docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide [DHA‐EA]). Healthy, pre‐menopausal women (n = 62, BMI 30 ± 3 kg/m2, age 35 ± 7 years; mean ± SD) were randomized to three 12‐week controlled diets: (1) high LA, low omega‐3 EPA and DHA (H6L3); (2) low LA, low omega‐3 EPA and DHA (L6L3); or (3) low LA, high omega‐3 EPA and DHA (L6H3). Baseline plasma fatty acids and ECB were similar between diets. Starting at 4 weeks, L6L3 and L6H3 lowered plasma LA compared to H6L3 (p < 0.001). While plasma ARA changed from baseline by 8% in L6L3 and −8% in L6H3, there were no group differences. After 4 weeks, plasma EPA and DHA increased from baseline in women on the L6H3 diet (ps < 0.001) and were different than the H6L3 and L6L3 diets. No differences were found between diets for AEA or 2‐AG, however, in L6L3 and L6H3, AEA increased by 14% (ps < 0.02). L6H3 resulted in 35% higher DHA‐EA (p = 0.013) whereas no changes were seen with the other diets. Lowering dietary LA did not result in the expected changes in fatty acids associated with the LA‐ARA inflammatory axis in women with overweight and obesity.
Insights and improvements in correspondence between axonal volume fraction measured with diffusion‐weighted MRI and electron microscopy
Authors: Papazoglou Sebastian , Ashtarayeh Mohammad , Oeschger Jan Malte , Callaghan Martina F. , Does Mark D. , Mohammadi Siawoosh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBiophysical diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) models are increasingly used in neuroscience to estimate the axonal water fraction (
), which in turn is key for noninvasive estimation of the axonal volume fraction (
). These models require thorough validation by comparison with a reference method, for example, electron microscopy (EM). While EM studies often neglect the unmyelinated axons and solely report the fraction of myelinated axons, in DWI both myelinated and unmyelinated axons contribute to the DWI signal. However, DWI models often include simplifications, for example, the neglect of differences in the compartmental relaxation times or fixed diffusivities, which in turn might affect the estimation of
. We investigate whether linear calibration parameters (scaling and offset) can improve the comparability between EM‐ and DWI‐based metrics of
. To this end, we (a) used six DWI models based on the so‐called standard model of white matter (WM), including two models with fixed compartmental diffusivities (e.g., neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, NODDI) and four models that fitted the compartmental diffusivities (e.g., white matter tract integrity, WMTI), and (b) used a multimodal data set including ex vivo diffusion DWI and EM data in mice with a broad dynamic range of fibre volume metrics. We demonstrated that the offset is associated with the volume fraction of unmyelinated axons and the scaling factor is associated with different compartmental
and can substantially enhance the comparability between EM‐ and DWI‐based metrics of
. We found that DWI models that fitted compartmental diffusivities provided the most accurate estimates of the EM‐based
. Finally, we introduced a more efficient hybrid calibration approach, where only the offset is estimated but the scaling is fixed to a theoretically predicted value. Using this approach, a similar one‐to‐one correspondence to EM was achieved for WMTI. The method presented can pave the way for use of validated DWI‐based models in clinical research and neuroscience.
Menopause at work—An organisation‐based case study
Authors: Cronin Camille , Abbott Joanne , Asiamah Nestor , Smyth Susan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to explore and understand the organizational culture of a workplace in terms of support and well‐being for staff experiencing perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms at work.DesignIt is widely acknowledged that perimenopause and menopause symptoms are experienced by a large percentage of the female workforce. There is a lack of research into how nurses are supported through menopause (Cronin et al. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 42, 2021, 541–548). The perimenopause and menopause transition can be a challenging time where many may require symptom management and support (RCN, The Menopause and Work: Guidance for RCN Representatives, 2020). This paper presents a case study research (CSR) approach to examine one healthcare organization.MethodsCSR design was used: A survey distributed to all staff employed, a review of the available documentation on menopause and interviews with managers from different levels of the organization. The COREQ consolidated criteria was used for reporting the qualitative research reported this study.ResultsThe case study generated both quantitative and qualitative data using surveys, interviews and documentation. Data from the organization (n = 6905) showed a majority female workforce of 81.9% with 40.6% aged between 41 and 55 years old, meaning a third of the organization working through perimenopause and menopause. Survey responses (n = 167) collected biographical and psychometric data on the prevalence of perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms. Seven managers were interviewed highlighting two themes: Access to support and culture of menopause and 13 documents from the organization on menopause were analysed for content. The study design permitted an iterative approach to data collection and providing an in‐depth understanding of the needs and support for those experiencing perimenopause and menopause. The findings help healthcare organizations to understand their workforce and take in to account the larger numbers of female employees particularly nurses with the need to provide person‐centred support mechanisms and an organizational approach for all employees.