bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consortium Blockchain for Reliable Remote Health Monitoring
Authors: Upadrista Venkatesh , Nazir Sajid , Tianfield Huaglory 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) are being used across many healthcare uses cases, however these low power devices are often susceptible to cyberattacks, which can compromise medical data security, and privacy. In addition, any critical system design must address a single-point-of-failure (SPoF) as this has a direct impact on the reliability of the deployed environment. One of the ways to overcome these challenges is to secure the IoMT deployments with blockchain technologies. Although blockchain-based digital services promise trust, accountability, and transparency, there are multiple challenges associated with a combined use of IoMT and blockchain, especially for Remote Health Monitoring (RHM). Some of the recent literature describes possible solutions to these challenges however these do not address the challenges fully and are also not foolproof.
In comparison to public blockchains, private blockchains are considerably safe, however, low data availability is one of the major challenges of private blockchains due to its centralized architecture and reliability is hard to achieve as only one enterprise controls the complete system. Health systems needs to be highly available and reliable to ensure real-time patient data availability, especially for monitoring patients with critical illnesses where downtime for data retrieval and unreliable data can be fatal.
In this article, we provide an implementation of a reliable consortium blockchain based RHM application for monitoring critically ill patients in a home environment. The results show that a well-designed consortium blockchain can enhance reliability and avoids a single point of failure, resulting in better health and safety for the patients.
Mapping the pandemic: a review of Geographical Information Systems-based spatial modeling of Covid-19
Authors: Aboalyem Mustafa Shebani , Ismail Mohd Tahir 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), COVID‑19 has caused more than 6.5 million deaths, while over 600 million people are infected. With regard to the tools and techniques of disease analysis, spatial analysis is increasingly being used to analyze the impact of COVID‑19. The present review offers an assessment of research that used regional data systems to study the COVID‑19 epidemic published between 2020 and 2022. The research focuses on: categories of the area, authors, methods, and procedures used by the authors and the results of their findings. This input will enable the contrast of different spatial models used for regional data systems with COVID‑19. Our outcomes showed increased use of geographically weighted regression and Moran I spatial statistical tools applied to better spatial and time‑based gauges. We have also found an increase in the use of local models compared to other spatial statistics models/methods.
How to compensate for frailty? The real life impact of geriatric co- management on morbi-mortality after colorectal cancer surgery in patients aged 70 years or older
Authors: PILLE Ariane , MEILLAT Hélène , BRATICEVIC Cécile , LELONG Bernard , ROUSSEAU Frédérique , CECILE Maud , TASSY Louis 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In Europe, CRC is the second most common cause of cancer death, and surgery remains the mainstay curative treatment. Age and frailty are associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity and 1-year mortality. Chronological age is not sufficient to assess the risk of postoperative complications. The CGA has been developed to better identify frail patients. Geriatric co-management have been developed to optimize the post-operative outcomes.
We analyzed the real-life of geriatric co-management within an ERAS program on surgical outcomes at 90 days and oncologic outcomes at 1 year in patients aged 70 years or older after surgery for CRC. This was a retrospective study based on a prospective cohort. Fifty-one patients with a G8 score ≤14 were referred to geriatricians for preoperative CGA (Frail Group). They were compared with 151 patients with a G8 score ≥15 (Robust Group).
In the Frail Group, patients were significantly older with more comorbidities than the patients in the Robust Group. Oncologic characteristics, treatments and global post-operative outcomes were comparable between the two groups. One year after surgery mortality and recurrence rates were similar between the two groups.
Our study suggests that geriatric co-management is feasible and contributes to the reduction of
postoperative morbimortality. Moreover, performing the CGA after G8 score screening and completion of geriatric interventions resulted in similar 90-day postoperative outcomes, in frail patients than in robust patients. Our results confirmed the benefit of geriatric co-management, involving G8 screening, CGA, and ERAS, for frail older patients undergoing surgery for CRC.
Potential landscape connectivity for invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) across the northern prairies of North America
Authors: Kramer Corey James , Boudreau Melanie R. , Powers Ryan , VerCauteren Kurt C. , Miller Ryan S. , Brook Ryan K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Understanding landscape scale connectivity is an essential component in the management of invasive species since connectivity facilitates their invasion potential. Invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) are among the most prolific invaders on the planet, causing billions of dollars in agricultural and environmental damage annually. Newly introduced to Canada in the 1980s, we examined wild pig invasion potential across the northern prairies from western Canada into the currently wild pig-free northern U.S. states. We used GPS collar data collected in the Canadian prairies to quantify resource selection and incorporated results into an electric circuit theory framework to evaluate potential regional landscape connectivity. While available landcover types in this region were dominated by crops and grasslands, wild pigs were predominately located in deciduous forest, crops, and wetlands. Resource selection modelling indicated wild pigs selected deciduous forest and wetlands over other landcover types. These selection tendencies resulted in areas at greater risk of occupation in an intermixture dominated by crops interspersed with waterbodies and deciduous forest fragments, which facilitated movement. Given the pervasiveness of this intermixture across the northern prairies, there was a high potential for invasive wild pigs to move throughout much of the region with areas in southern Saskatchewan and Manitoba, northeastern Montana, North and South Dakota, and western portions of Minnesota being particularly vulnerable. Our work highlights a need for monitoring and science-based response strategies for likely southward spread of this invasive species to prevent or reduce potential crop damage, risks to native species, and disease transmission to humans, pets, livestock, and wildlife.
Biological characterization of emerging fungal pathogen Colletotrichum associated with mango (Mangifera indica L.) postharvest anthracnose from Vietnam
Authors: Tao Reize , Yang Bingjuan , Lin Li , Shahzad Munir , Li Yuchuan , Li Jing , Wang Xi , Huang Min 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aims: To elucidate the taxonomic status and biological characteristics of the pathogens causing anthracnose of postharvest mango fruit (cultivar Okrong) from Vietnam.
Methods and Results：Based on the morphological features, along with the phylogenetic tree of ITS and ApMat combined sequences, two strains DM-1 and DM-2 isolated from the fruit of Okrong from Vietnam were identified as Colletotrichum fructicola and C. asianum respectively, which were the pathogens of postharvest fruit anthracnose of mango from Vietnam. The growth status of different Colletotrichum strains under different conditions were analyzed to reveal the biological characteristics of different pathogens. The optimum growth temperature of DM-1 and DM-2 was 28 °C with mycelia grow fastest in the dark. Both strains could grow when pH was 4-11, and the optimum pH value was 6. Maltose and soluble starch were the most suitable carbon source for DM-1 and DM-2 respectively, and the peptone was the most suitable nitrogen source for both strains. The lethal temperatures were recorded as 55 °C 5 min for DM-1, and 50 °C 10 min for DM-2.
Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, It is the first time to confirmed that the pathogens of postharvest fruit anthracnose of mango from Vietnam were C. fructicola and C. asianum with different biological characteristics.
Eocene amber provides first fossil record and bridges distributional gap in the rare genus Robsonomyia (Diptera: Keroplatidae)
Authors: Pełczyńska Alicja , Krzemiński Wiesław , Blagoderov Vladimir , Vilhelmsen Lars , Soszyńska Agnieszka 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Until now, the genus Robsonomyia was represented by two extant species: R. reducta Matile & Vockeroth, 1980 from North America and R. sciaraeformis (Okada, 1939) from Asia. This paper presents the first fossil members of the genus Robsonomyia, which is also the first record from Europe. Two new fossil species from Baltic amber are described: R. baltica Pełczyńska, Krzemiński & Blagoderov, sp. nov. and R. henningseni Pełczyńska, Krzemiński & Blagoderov, sp. nov.. The presence of fossil Robsonomyia spp. on the European continent suggests Holarctic distribution of the genus in the past. We also discuss possible pathways of its intercontinental dispersion.
Phylosymbiosis drives the distribution of pathogen-protective bacteria in Appalachian salamanders
Authors: Osborne Owen , Jiménez Randall , Byrne Allison , Gratwicke Brian , Ellison Amy , Muletz-Wolz Carly 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Phylosymbiosis is an association between host-associated microbiome and host phylogeny. This pattern can arise via evolution of host traits, habitat preferences, diets, and co-diversification of hosts and microbes. Understanding the drivers of phylosymbiosis is vital for modelling disease-microbiome interactions and manipulating microbiomes in multi-host systems. This study quantifies phylosymbiosis in Appalachian salamander skin in the context of infection by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), while accounting for environmental microbiome exposure. We sampled ten salamander species representing >150M years divergence, assessed their Bd infection status, and analysed their skin and environmental microbiomes. Our results reveal a significant signal of phylosymbiosis which was primarily driven by host phylogeny, whereas the local environmental pool of microbes, climate, and geography had a far smaller impact. Host-microbe co-speciation was not evident, indicating that the effect stems from the evolution of host traits influencing microbiome assembly. Wild salamanders hosted putative Bd-inhibitory strains, and their abundance correlated with Bd infection. Five Bd-inhibitory bacteria strains were unusually cosmopolitan: occurring on most host species and habitats. These generalist strains may enhance the likelihood of probiotic manipulations colonising and persisting on hosts. Our results underscore the substantial influence of host-microbiome eco-evolutionary dynamics on environmental health and disease outcomes.
Pattern Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years for cancer breast in Iran 2009 to 2019: an observational study based on the global burden of diseases
Authors: Shoorabeh Fazlollah Fathollahi , Khazaei Zaher , Pordanjani Sajjad Rahimi , Abbasi Mahshid , goodarzi Elham 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Breast cancer is the first type of malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. The purpose of this study is to investigate the epidemiology of breast cancer in Iran and its relationship with the human development index. The present study is a descriptive analytical study. Data related to the incidence, mortality, years of life with disability (YLDs), YLLs and DALYs of breast cancer in Iran were extracted from the World Burden of Disease 2019 website. Correlation tests are used to check the relationship between these indicators and the human development index. The highest incidence rate of breast cancer in 2019 is related to the provinces of Gilan (29 per 100,000) and Tehran (28.55 per 100,000) and the highest rate of death from breast cancer is related to the provinces of Gilan (10.71 per 100,000). and Semnan (9.97 in 100,000). The results showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between DALY (r = 0.626, P < 0.0001), YLL (r = 0.611, P < 0.0001) and YLD (r = 0.773, P < 0.0001) breast cancer with HDI index. There is a positive and significant correlation between the incidence (r = 0.794, P < 0.0001) and mortality (r = 0.503, P = 0.003) of breast cancer with the HDI index. Considering that the incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer in the country is increasing, in the fight against breast cancer, an appropriate strategy should be adopted with universal health coverage and, finally, approaches Screening and treatment of breast cancer can reduce the burden caused by this cancer in the country.
Codesigning culturally safe oral health care with First Nations Kidney Warriors experiencing kidney disease in South Australia
Authors: Kelly Janet , Owen Kelli , Tyrell Kate , Clemente Kelly , Steffens Margie , Sinclair Nari , Reynolds Sylvia , Allan Wade 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
This paper describes how First Nations Kidney Warriors (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living with kidney disease), dental hygienists, kidney health care professionals, an Aboriginal hostel accommodation manager and researchers co-designed an approach to improve oral health in South Australia. Kidney Warriors have strong connection to Country, Community and family that underpins health, wellbeing and approaches to research. However, significant colonisation, racism and marginalisation have impacted Kidney Warriors’ social, cultural and financial determinants of health, leading to increased chronic conditions including kidney disease. Access to culturally safe, affordable and responsive oral health care is vital but challenging for First Nations people undergoing dialysis and kidney transplantation; Australian oral health care is generally provided privately, in metropolitan centres, by professionals who may hold unconscious bias about First Nations peoples and incorrect assumptions regarding equal access to care.
Methods
The AKction – Aboriginal Kidney Care Together Improving Outcomes Now kidney care oral health working group codesigned strategies to address disparities and gaps in care, and co-create more accessible, responsive, culturally safe and sustainable models of care. A decolonising and collaborative participatory action research was informed by Dadirri Deep Listening and Ganma Knowledge Sharing with repeated cycles of look and listen, think and discuss, take action together. A small pilot evaluation survey of clinical placement in an Aboriginal setting was undertaken.
Results
Four phases of collaboration were undertaken. Community and health professional consultations identified key gaps and priorities. Clinical yarning and cultural safety training and an interprofessional skills day was co-facilitated. Dental hygienist student clinical placement at Kanggawodli Aboriginal Hostel was initiated and evaluated. Aboriginal Kidney Warriors were positioned as educators and experts of their own lives and health care needs. A new framework for kidney health - oral health cultural safety and clinical education was developed.
Conclusion
This codesigned approach involving inter-professional collaboration and joint decision making with community members has significantly informed improvements in oral health care information, services and referral with and for First Nations people with kidney disease. This project provides a working example of how to decolonise health service and education programs from the ground up.
Graph-based mitochondrial genomes of three foundation species in the Saccharum genus
Authors: Li Sicheng , Wang Zhen , Jing Yanfen , Duan Weixing , Yang Xiping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Saccharum belongs to the Andropogoneae and cultivars species in Saccharum contributes nearly 80% sugar production of the world. To explore the genomic studies in Saccharum, we assembled 15 complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenome) of three foundation species (Saccharum spontaneum, S. robustum and S. officinarum) using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing data. The mitogenomes of the three species were divided into a total of eight types based on contig numbers and linkages. All mitogenomes in the three species encoded 51 unique genes including 32 protein-coding, 3 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and 16 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. The existence of long and short repeat-mediated recombinations in the mitogenome of S. officinarum and S. robustum was revealed and confirmed through PCR validation. Furthermore, employing comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses of the organelle genomes, we unveiled the evolutionary relationships and history of the major interspecific lineages in the Saccharum genus. Phylogenetic analyses of homologous fragments between S. officinarum and S. robustum showed that S. officinarum and S. robustum are phylogenetically distinct, and that they were likely parallel rather than domesticated. The variations between ancient (S. sinense and S. barberi) and modern cultivated species (S. hybrid) possibly resulted from hybridization involving different S. officinarum accessions. Lastly, this project reported the first graph-based mitogenome of three Saccharum species, and systematic comparison of the structural organization, evolutionary processes, and pan-structural variation of the Saccharum mitochondrial genomes revealed the differential features of the Saccharum mitochondrial genomes.
The C-terminal proline-rich repeats of Enteropathogenic E. coli effector EspF are sufficient for the depletion of tight junction membrane proteins and interactions with early and recycling endosomes
Authors: Ansari Imran , Mandal Anupam , Kansal Kritika , Walling Pangertoshi , Khan Sumbul , Aijaz Saima 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) causes acute infantile diarrhea accounting for significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. EPEC uses a type three secretion system to translocate more than twenty effectors into the host intestinal cells. At least four of these effectors, namely EspF, Map, EspG1/G2 and NleA, are reported to disrupt the intestinal tight junction barrier. We have reported earlier that the expression of EspF and Map in MDCK cells causes the depletion of the TJ membrane proteins and compromises the integrity of the intestinal barrier. In the present study, we have examined the role of the domains within the C-terminus of EspF in the depletion of tight junction proteins and identified key endocytosis markers that interact with EspF.Results We generated mutant EspF proteins which lacked one or more proline-rich repeats (PRRs) at the C-terminus of EspF and examined the effect of their expression on the cellular localization of tight junction membrane proteins. In lysates derived from cells expressing the mutant EspF proteins, we found that the C-terminal PRRs of EspF are sufficient for the depletion of TJ membrane proteins. Pull-down assays revealed that these domains mediate interactions with the TJ adaptor proteins ZO-1 and ZO-2 as well as with the proteins involved in endocytosis such as caveolin-1, Rab5a and Rab11.Conclusions Our study demonstrates the direct role of the proline-rich repeat domains of EspF in the depletion of the TJ proteins and a possible involvement of these domains in the endocytosis of host proteins. New therapeutic strategies can target these PRR domains to prevent intestinal barrier dysfunction in EPEC infections.
Construction of a molecular diagnostic system for neurogenic rosacea by combining transcriptome sequencing and machine learning
Authors: Mao Rui , Li Ji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Patients with neurogenic rosacea (NR) frequently demonstrate pronounced neurological manifestations, often unresponsive to conventional therapeutic approaches. A molecular-level understanding and diagnosis of this patient cohort could significantly guide clinical interventions. In this study, we amalgamated our sequencing data (n = 46) with a publicly accessible database (n = 38) to perform an unsupervised cluster analysis of the integrated dataset. The eighty-four rosacea patients were partitioned into two distinct clusters. Neurovascular biomarkers were found to be elevated in cluster 1 compared to cluster 2. Pathways in cluster 1 were predominantly involved in neurotransmitter synthesis, transmission, and functionality, whereas cluster 2 pathways were centered on inflammation-related processes. Differential gene expression analysis and WGCNA were employed to delineate the characteristic gene sets of the two clusters. Subsequently, a diagnostic model was constructed from the identified gene sets using linear regression methodologies. The model's C index, comprising genes PNPLA3, CUX2, PLIN2, and HMGCR, achieved a remarkable value of 0.9683, with an area under the curve (AUC) for the training cohort's nomogram of 0.9376. Clinical characteristics from our dataset (n = 46) were assessed by three seasoned dermatologists, forming the NR validation cohort (NR, n = 18; non-neurogenic rosacea, n = 28). Upon application of our model to NR diagnosis, the model's AUC value reached 0.9023. Finally, potential therapeutic candidates for both patient groups were predicted via the Connectivity Map. In summation, this study unveiled two clusters with unique molecular phenotypes within rosacea, leading to the development of a precise diagnostic model instrumental in NR diagnosis.