bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive appraisals and information-seeking achievement emotions: a qualitative study of Swedish primary teacher students
Authors: Dahlqvist Claes , Persson Christel 
Published: October 2023

PurposePrimary teachers play a vital role in fostering pupils' successful futures. Therefore, gaining knowledge of primary teacher students' learning processes, including the achievement of information-seeking skills, is crucial. The aim of this paper is to understand better the interplay between cognitive appraisals and emotions in the constructivist process of learning and achieving information-seeking skills.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with six Swedish primary teacher students. The analysis of qualitative data was deductive and theory-driven, guided by Kuhlthau's information search process model, Scherer's semantic space of emotions and Pekrun's control-value theory of achievement emotions.FindingsAnger/frustration, enjoyment and boredom were identified as activity emotions and anxiety, hopelessness and hope as prospective outcome emotions. The retrospective outcome emotions found were pride, joy, gratitude, surprise and relief. The appraisals eliciting the achievement emotions were the control appraisals uncertainty/certainty (activity and prospective outcome) and oneself/other (retrospective), and value appraisals negative/positive intrinsic motivation (activity) and failure/success (prospective and retrospective). The interplay between appraisals and emotions was complex and dynamic. The processes were individually unique, non-linear and iterative, and the appraisals did not always elicit emotions.Originality/valueThe study has theoretical and methodological implications for information behaviour research in its application of appraisal theories and the Geneva affect label coder. In addition, it has practical implications for academic librarians teaching information-seeking skills.
Factors affecting accounting students’ misuse of chatgpt: an application of the fraud triangle theory
Authors: Alshurafat Hashem , Al Shbail Mohannad Obeid , Hamdan Allam , Al-Dmour Ahmad , Ensour Waed 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore the factors that contribute to student academic dishonesty through an examination of the misuse of AI language models. Using the fraud triangle theory, which posits that opportunity, rationalization and pressure are key factors for fraudulent behavior, this study investigates how these elements interact and contribute to academic dishonesty among students.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, data on how accounting students used ChatGPT to cheat was acquired from 279 accounting students in Jordanian public universities over the course of two months, from January 2023 to March 2023, through previously tested and validated questionnaires. The main tool for gathering data was a questionnaire distributed online using Microsoft Forms.

Findings
The results show that all of the fraud triangle factors are significant determinants of student academic dishonesty and student misuse of ChatGPT. The findings of this research can be used to guide the development of technology-based preventative measures.

Originality/value
This study provides valuable insights into the motivations and factors that drive students to engage in academic dishonesty and sheds light on the broader issue of technology-assisted academic dishonesty and its impact on the educational system. This study’s contribution is significant, as it sheds light on a pressing issue in education and provides valuable information for educators and policymakers to address the problem and improve academic standards.
How the police conceptualise and view the relevance of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) for policing: a qualitative investigation
Authors: Goodall Karen , Brodie Zara P. , Deacon Kirsty , Collins Kimberly , Gillespie-Smith Karri 
Published: October 2023

PurposeKnowledge about the prevalence and impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) is pivotal to trauma-informed approaches, yet the impact of ACEs training is rarely investigated. This study reports a qualitative investigation of police perceptions of ACEs training in relation to conceptualisations of ACEs and trauma-informed working, practical applications of ACE knowledge and service-level support.Design/methodology/approachFour focus groups were conducted with 29 police officers, who had participated in an ACEs-awareness training. Based on the qualitative data, themes were generated using reflexive thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2019).FindingsAnalysis generated seven themes, conceptualised into three domains of conceptual understanding, police culture and operationalising ACEs.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample is limited to Scottish police officers and is ethnically non-diverse. Further evaluation of higher quality interventions is warranted.Practical implicationsThe study highlighted that a lack of conceptual framework, officer concerns and police culture may present barriers to officers incorporating ACEs knowledge into their day-to-day work. Future trainings should address these issues to achieve maximum benefits.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first in-depth qualitative study of police officers' perceptions of ACEs training. Focus groups facilitated the expression of cultural norms. The results provide insight into tailoring trauma-informed interventions in police in future, as well as raising broader service-level issues.
Towards a higher-order knowledge of law in the built environment: Delphi analysis of a quantity surveyor's scenario-based legal advice
Authors: Amadi Alolote 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis study is carried out to evaluate how well legal knowledge can be demonstrated by a built environment professional via the scenario-based approach to the learning of law modules.Design/methodology/approachA Delphi analysis of the advice provided by an MSC quantity surveying student, on a scenario-based legal problem arising due to a property contract, is carried out. The tendered legal advice was submitted as part of the assessment requirements for an MSc law module, following the university criteria, after the teaching of a law module. The student report, which attained an A-grade, and the assessment criteria used for marking/grading by the university were subsequently sent to 18 practicing lawyers, who were selected to constitute an expert panel, to independently judge the extent of legal knowledge demonstrated in the student report.FindingsThe Delphi analysis outcome showed that the expert panel holds a similar consensus view to the university on the level of legal knowledge demonstrated and by extension the effectiveness of the law module in imparting legal knowledge to a non-lawyer. The study outcome shows how well legal knowledge can be acquired and applied by a non-lawyer, within the context of the built environment, via scenario-based teaching of a law module.Originality/valueThis study serves as a preliminary step necessary to arouse further research toward empirically profiling the current outlook of a wider range of graduating students receiving scenario-based legal education in the built environment.
Assessment of the bearing‐down manoeuvre in pregnancy and detection of paradoxical levator ani muscle contraction using 2D transperineal ultrasound and vaginal palpation: a concurrent validity and inter‐rater reliability study
Authors: Murdoch‐Ward Joelene , Nahon Irmina , De‐Vitry Smith Sally , Bernardi Eliza , Woods Tamara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the concurrent validity and inter‐rater reliability of vaginal palpation as a measure of the quality of the bearing‐down manoeuvre (BDM) and the detection of a paradoxical levator ani muscle contraction (LAM) in pregnant women, compared with 2D transperineal ultrasound (TPUS).DesignConcurrent validity and inter‐rater reliability study.SettingPhysiotherapy clinic.PopulationTwenty pregnant women in their third trimester.MethodsThe anterior posterior diameter (APD) was measured during the BDM using TPUS by one experienced physiotherapist. An APD that shortened by >2 mm from rest was described as LAM shortening, an APD that moved by 0–2 mm was described as no change and an APD that lengthened by >2 mm was described as LAM lengthening. Vaginal palpation described the LAM during the BDM as no movement, shortening or lengthening. Participants were allowed two attempts and the best attempt was measured.Main outcome measuresAPD using TPUS and the assessor's subjective description of LAM during the BDM using vaginal palpation.ResultsTPUS detected more paradoxical LAM contractions during the BDM than palpation. Agreement between vaginal palpation and TPUS assessment for BDM was poor. The Fleiss kappa coefficients were 0.457 (90% CI 0.16–0.71) between TPUS and one assessor and 0.326 (90% CI 0.01–0.6) between TPUS and the other assessor. In addition, inter‐rater reliability was poor between observers palpating the BDM, with a Fleiss kappa coefficient of 0.375 (90% CI 0.13–0.64).ConclusionsThis study did not find vaginal palpation of the BDM in pregnant women to have concurrent validity or inter‐rater reliability. Clinicians should be aware of potential inaccuracies when palpating the BDM, and, where possible, seek an assessment via TPUS.
Energy‐related‐CO2 emissions in China's electricity and heating industry: A dual perspective of the economic “new normal”
Authors: Nie Jun , Wang Shuang , Xu Yi , Gao Lingling , Yu Yang , Jahanger Atif , Jiang Tangyang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAfter China's economy entered a “new normal,” their economic development model shifted from an energy‐intensive to an energy‐saving, given that China's electricity and heating industry accounts for about half of the country's energy consumption and carbon emissions. Based on the sample data from 2005 to 2020, this paper adopts the energy consumption method and the extended index decomposition model to explore carbon emissions of the electricity and heating industry in the early and late period of the economic new normal. The results show that: (1) carbon emissions from the electricity and heating industry showed a growing direction in the economic new normal period. However, compared with the early period of economic new normal, the increasing speed of carbon emissions from the electricity and heating industry slowed down significantly in the late period. This point also directly reflects that the extensive development mode of energy utilization has been alleviated after the electricity and heating industry entered the economic new normal. (2) Compared with the early period, the energy structure effect on the emission reduction was enhanced after entering the economic new normal. Meanwhile, the investment efficiency effect has changed from promoting to inhibiting. (3) Compared with the early period, the promotion impact of the investment scale effect on carbon emissions in the electricity and heating industry has no significant change after entering the economic new normal. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the emission reduction impact of the energy intensity effect is weak. This paper not only provides empirical evidence for evaluating the emission reduction effects of the Chinese electricity and heating industry before and after the economic new normal but also shares policy insights for precise emission reduction in the electricity and heating industry in the later stage of the economic new normal.
Benchmarking blood culture quality in the emergency department: Contamination, single sets and positivity
Authors: Hills Angela Z , Ray Mercedes , Williams Julian , Greenslade Jaimi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo benchmark blood culture (BC) quality in an Australian ED, explore groups at risk of suboptimal BC collection, and identify potential areas for improvement.MethodsThis retrospective observational study was undertaken to benchmark quality of BCs in a tertiary adult ED in terms of number of BC sets per patient and proportion of patients with false positive (contaminated) BC results.ResultsA single BC set was taken for 55% of patients, with lower acuity patients being more likely to have a single BC set taken. BC false positives occurred in 3.4% of presentations, with higher frequency in some critically unwell patient groups. The true positive BC rate was 10.9%, with pathogens most frequently isolated in older patients, those with a haematological condition or genitourinary source, and those admitted to inpatient wards. Hospital length of stay did not differ between patients with negative and patients with false positive BCs.ConclusionsBC quality standards in the ED such as false positive rate <3% and single culture rate <20% are required to facilitate benchmarking and prospective quality improvement. The sensitivity and specificity of this common and critical test can be improved. Patient subgroups associated with poor‐quality BC collection can be identified and should be a focus of future work.
A randomized controlled trial of recovery management checkups for primary care patients: Twelve‐month results
Authors: Scott Christy K. , Dennis Michael L. , Grella Christine E. , Watson Dennis P. , Davis Jordan P. , Hart M. Kate 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrimary care settings like federally qualified health centers (FQHC) are optimal locations to identify individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) and link them to SUD treatment, yet successful linkage has proven difficult. Recovery management checkups for primary care (RMC‐PC) is a promising method for increasing linkage to care, engagement in treatment, and reducing substance use.MethodsParticipants (n = 266) who received screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) at four FQHC sites and needed SUD treatment were randomized to receive SBIRT only or SBIRT+RMC‐PC. All participants received SBIRT prior to randomization as part of usual care while those in the experimental group also received quarterly checkups. All participants completed research interviews at enrollment and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post‐enrollment. The primary outcome was whether participants received any days of SUD treatment. Key secondary outcomes were days of SUD treatment (total and by SUD level of care), days of alcohol or drug abstinence, and a reduction in days of specific substance use, all based on self‐report.ResultsRelative to participants receiving SBIRT only, participants assigned to SBIRT+RMC‐PC were significantly more likely to have received any SUD treatment over 12 months (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.85) and more days of SUD treatment over 12 months (Cohen's effect size d = +0.41). The SBIRT+RMC‐PC group also reported significantly more days of abstinence over 12 months (d = +0.30), fewer days of alcohol use (d = −0.20) and cannabis use (d = −0.20), and lower combined substance use frequency (d = −0.25). Days of treatment were found to positively mediate the direct effect of SBIRT+RMC‐PC on days of abstinence.ConclusionThis study provides further evidence of the effectiveness of the “referral to treatment” component of SBIRT when combined with RMC for patients in primary care settings, including those with drug use problems. Moreover, results demonstrate the value of repeated checkups on longer‐term treatment and substance use outcomes.
Robust voltage‐controlled transcutaneous energy transfer system for artificial anal sphincter
Authors: Chen Yelin , Jiang Pingping , Wang Lichao , Yan Guozheng , Wang Zhiwu , Liu Changjing , Han Ding 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe artificial anal sphincter (AAS) system has gained significant attention as a solution for treating fecal incontinence (FI). It relies on transcutaneous energy transfer (TET) as its primary energy source. However, changes in posture or biological tissue can cause misalignment of the coil, resulting in unstable power reception. Inadequate power affects charging efficiency, while excessive power leads to excessive heating at the receiver side. Consequently, achieving safe and constant voltage charging for the AAS becomes a complex challenge.MethodsTo maintain a consistent charging voltage and overcome the issue of variations in load and coil coupling strength, this article proposes a wireless charging control system that utilizes an LCC‐S‐type resonant network and phase shift to adjust the transmitting voltage based on feedback charging voltage in real time. In particular, the PI controller and neural network are introduced to change the phase‐shift angle swiftly. The dynamic performance is then evaluated under different misalignments and presented with comparative results.ResultsThe results indicate that the multilayer perceptron control system outperforms the PI. Under the complex misalignment disturbance, the average error of receiver side load voltage is only 0.007 V, with an average settling time of 960 ms. Additionally, the average temperature at the receiver side is 40.4°C.ConclusionThe experiments demonstrate that the proposed system effectively addresses the misalignment issue in TET during the charging, ensuring constant voltage charging at the receiver side and thermal safety.
Direct oral anticoagulant concentrations and adherence in stroke patients
Authors: Aakerøy Rachel , Gynnild Mari Nordbø , Løfblad Lena , Dyrkorn Roar , Ellekjær Hanne , Lydersen Stian , Helland Arne , Spigset Olav 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNo therapeutic ranges linking drug concentrations of apixaban and rivaroxaban to clinical outcomes have been defined. We investigated whether direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) concentrations among patients admitted to hospital with symptoms of stroke differed between those later verified to suffer an ischaemic cerebrovascular event (stroke or transient ischaemic attack) and those having other diagnoses (control group).Serum concentrations in 102 patients on DOAC for atrial fibrillation (84%) and thromboembolic disease (16%) were measured within 24 h of the acute event, employing ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. We converted all concentrations to standardized trough levels.DOAC concentrations were lower in the 64 patients with verified ischaemic cerebrovascular event than in the 30 controls, 255 ± 155 versus 329 ± 144 nmol/L (p = 0.029), despite no statistically significant difference in self‐reported adherence and daily dosages. Calculated concentrations were 5.4–596 nmol/L (median = 229 nmol/L) in the ischaemic stroke group and 41–602 nmol/L (median = 316 nmol/L) in controls. CHA2DS2‐VASc score was significantly higher in the ischaemic stroke group than in controls (4.9 ± 1.6 versus 4.1 ± 1.7; p = 0.007). These results may suggest that patients with high cerebrovascular risk might benefit from higher DOAC levels than those with a lower risk.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with Beta Major Thalassemia: The Association between the PRES Occurrence and Class of Beta Major Thalassemia
Authors: Jafari Leila , Behfar Maryam , Tabatabaie Soroor , Karamlou Yalda , Kashani Homa , Radmard Amir Reza , Mohseni Rashin , Naji Parisa , Ghanbari Fatemeh , Ashkevari Pooya , Fakhr Hoda , Mohammadi Shiva , Hamidieh Amir Ali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only definitive curative option for β‐major thalassemia patients (β‐MT). Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a pervasive neurological complication which typically occurs following HSCT. β‐MT patients are prone to a higher PRES incidence due to long‐term immunosuppression; thus, it is imperative that these patients are closely monitored for PRES after HSCT.Patients and methodsWe included 148 pediatric patients with β‐MT who underwent HSCT between March 2015 and August 2022 in Children's Medical Center. Patients in this study were divided into two groups. The association between PRES and class of β‐MT and other risk factors were assessed and the overall survival rate was determined.ResultsFourteen out of 112 patients (12%) with class I and II β‐MT developed PRES. However, PRES occurred in 11 out of 36 patients (30.5%) with β‐MT‐III. Our results indicated that there was a significant association between class III β‐MT and the occurrence of (P = .004). Additionally, acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD) occurred in 80% and 44.7% of patients in the PRES and non‐PRES groups, respectively (P = .001). The results of the Kaplan‐Meier analysis revealed that the 5‐year overall survival (OS) was 75.6% in the PRES group versus 95% in the non‐PRES group, which was statistically significant (P = .001).ConclusionBased on our results, pediatric β‐MT III patients are at a higher risk of developing PRES. Additionally, pediatric β‐MT patients with a history of aGVHD, regardless of disease class, are more likely to develop PRES. Considering these results, PRES has a higher chance of being the etiology of symptoms and should be considered more often in these patients.
Lichen planus pemphigoides induced by anti‐PD‐1 antibody: A case only involved in oral mucosa with excellent topical treatment efficiency
Authors: Wang Shimeng , Sun Jun , Deng Shuzhi , Wu Lanyan , Li Wei , Ye Tingpei , Wu Fanglong , Wu Yang , Zhou Hongmei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLichen planus pemphigoides (LPP) is a rare autoimmune subepidermal disease that can occur in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. Its clinical manifestations are combined with the characteristics of lichen planus with bullous pemphigoid that can occur on either skin or oral mucosa. It should be noted that oral LPP is very rare. Here, we report a novel case of oral LPP induced by an anti‐PD‐1 agent. The patient presented with typical clinical features in oral mucosa, and the diagnosis was based on histopathology and immunological studies. Given that the patient was receiving an anti‐PD‐1 agent, topical therapy was chosen, and a nice therapeutic effect was obtained. No significant recurrence was observed after a 2‐year follow‐up. A good and stable therapeutic effect achieved by rapid and local symptomatic medication suggests that accurate and sensitive diagnosis is necessary.
Evaluating compliance gains of expanding tax enforcement
Authors: Løyland Knut , Raaum Oddbjørn , Torsvik Gaute , Øvrum Arnstein 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper demonstrates how tax administrations can evaluate future compliance gains from risk‐based tax enforcement that audits all taxpayers above a risk threshold. Expanding tax enforcement in this setting means reducing the audit threshold. The compliance gains from such an expansion consist of a mechanical audit correction effect and a behavioural effect that reflects changes in self‐reporting in the subsequent years. We estimate this behavioural effect in a regression discontinuity analysis with the risk score as the forcing variable. We find that taxpayers at the margin had a significant reduction in self‐reported deductions in the next years' tax filing. The behavioural effect over a three‐year post‐audit period is estimated to be of a magnitude similar to that of the direct adjustment of the audit. This compliance effect does not change when we include the reporting of the spouse. We find that the risk score threshold that maximizes net public revenue from the audits is considerably below current practice.