bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CleftED: A National Collaborative Study of Undergraduate Education and Exposure to Cleft lip and Palate Within the United Kingdom
Authors: Rehman Umar , Pezas Theodore , Timoney Norma , Atherton Duncan ,   UK Plastics Research Collaborative
Published: November 2023

Introduction Cleft Lip and/or Palate (CLP) are the most common congenital orofacial anomalies. Those involved in CLP care may extend beyond the core members of the Cleft multidisciplinary team (MDT) with a variety of medical healthcare professionals destined to contribute to the management of CLP patients at some point during their respective careers. Therefore, it seems essential that a basic understanding of CLP, CLP-associated problems, and potential avenues for direct or indirect involvement in CLP care be introduced at undergraduate level. Aims To investigate penultimate and final year undergraduate medical student CLP knowledge and exposure obtained whilst at medical school. Methodology An online questionnaire was distributed to penultimate and final year medical students throughout the UK. Results A total of 3102 responses were received from 35 medical schools. 44.3% (n  =  1374) of respondents had no exposure to CLP teaching up until their current year of education. 61.3% (n  =  1903) of respondents had never been involved in the care of a CLP patient. 53.6% (n  =  1662) of respondents were not confident in their current knowledge of CLP. 78.5% (n  =  2257) of respondents indicated a desire to be involved in the care of CLP patients in their future career. Conclusion More than half of the medical student survey respondents were not confident in their current knowledge of CLP and had limited involvement in CLP care. This may translate to a delay in diagnosis when students qualify. Improving CLP education and exposure during undergraduate training can help achieve national CLP standards for early diagnosis.
An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Clinical Studies of Acupuncture for Cancer Pain
Authors: Zhang Di , Ji Yue , Lv Liu , Zhou Qiongyang , Liu Zhijiang , Zhang Chenlin , Chen Shanshan 
Published: November 2023

Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) for the use of acupuncture for cancer pain have been increasing, but the evidence has not been systematically and comprehensively assessed. We aimed to perform an overview of the evidence quality of SRs/MAs of acupuncture for improving cancer pain. Methods: 8 databases were systematically searched to identify SRs/MAs of acupuncture for improving cancer pain. The A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS), Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE), respectively, were applied by 2 independent reviewers to evaluate the methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and evidence quality. Results: A total of 14 SRs/MAs were included in the present study. By AMSTAR-2, two reviews were rated as having high methodological quality, while 12 were given a critically low rating. All SRs/MAs in Phase 1, Domain 1, and Domain 4, according to ROBIS, were at low risk. Furthermore, 4 reviews in Domain 2, twelve reviews in Domain 3, and ten SRs/MAs in Phase 3, were rated as having low risk of bias. With reporting quality, some reporting flaws were identified in the topic of protocol and registration, additional analyses, and search strategy. According to GRADE, the level of evidence quality was “critically low” to “moderate,” and risk of bias was the most common downgraded factor. Conclusion: Acupuncture may be beneficial in improving cancer pain. However, due to the identified limitations and inconsistent findings, we recommend further rigorous, and more standardized SRs/MAs to provide strong evidence for definitive conclusions.
Impact of Sarcopenia on Outcome of Exercise Therapy in Older Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Kasahara Ryuichi , Fujita Takaaki , Jinbo Ryohei , Kubota Junko , Takano Aya , Takahashi Shoko , Ohashi Yuka , Jinbo Kazumi , Yamamoto Yuichi , Kai Tatsuyuki , Shiga Yutaka , Kimura Hideo , Furukawa Miki , Owari Mai , Morishita Shinichiro 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise therapy on physical function and quality of life (QOL) in older patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma undergoing inpatient chemotherapy, including differences between patients with and without sarcopenia. Methods: Thirty-one inpatients aged 70 years or older participated in this study. Grip and knee extensor strength, 6-minute walking test, body composition, nutritional status, fatigue and health-related QOL at admission and discharge were compared. In addition, the patients were classified into sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups, and a comparison between admission and discharge and 2-way ANOVA were performed. Results: Overall, grip strength and skeletal muscle mass were significantly lower at discharge than at admission ( P < .05); however, QOL significantly improved ( P < .05). In the non-sarcopenia group, grip strength, right knee extension muscle strength, and skeletal muscle mass were all significantly lower at discharge than at admission ( P < .05); however, this was not the case in the sarcopenia group. In terms of QOL, improvements were observed in different items in the non-sarcopenia and sarcopenia groups. There was a significant interaction between admission to discharge time period and sarcopenia regarding left grip strength, right knee extensor strength, and QOL. Conclusion: Exercise therapy is effective in improving QOL in older non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients undergoing inpatient chemotherapy. However, the effect of exercise therapy and optimal exercise load may differ between non-sarcopenia and sarcopenia patients. Therefore, it is necessary to consider exercise therapy in the future, taking into account the presence or absence of sarcopenia.
Knowledge of the health consequences of heavy alcohol consumption among individuals with different substance use statuses: A cross-sectional analysis of 2019 HINT Survey
Authors: Lin Wenxue 
Published: November 2023

Objective The aim of this study was to assess and compare knowledge of the health consequences of heavy alcohol consumption among individuals with different substance use statuses. Methods We used a cross-sectional study design to analyze the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5, Cycle 3 (2019). Participants were classified into four categories based on their substance use status: (a) nonsmoker and nondrinkers; (b) nonsmokers but drinkers; (c) smokers but nondrinkers; and (d) smokers and drinkers. Weighted logistic regression models were utilized to evaluate the association between knowledge of heavy alcohol consumption and health conditions by participants’ substance use status. Results More than 79% of participants were aware that drinking too much alcohol causes liver disease. However, less than 40% of them realized that heavy alcohol consumption also contributes to cancer. The odds of correctly identifying heavy alcohol consumption as a risk factor for diabetes were 3.00 times (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29,7.00) higher among smokers but nondrinkers than smokers and alcohol drinkers. Education level was significantly associated with participants’ awareness of risk factor (p < 0.01). Discussion There is an urgent need for targeted educational campaigns and interventions to increase understanding of the impact of heavy alcohol consumption on cancer risk.
Clinical characteristics and use of antibiotics in a group of patients with snake bites in Colombia
Authors: Valladales-Restrepo Luis Fernando , Rojas-Ramirez Ana Sofia , Santander-Pai Melba Jasbleidy , Lozada-Castaño Valeria , Bedoya-Duque Laura Valentina , Sabogal-Sanchez Dayana Yuliet , Gómez-Gómez Nicolas Stiven , Machado-Alba Jorge Enrique 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Millions of snake bites occur worldwide each year. Clinical practice guidelines generally do not recommend the use of prophylactic antibiotics. Objective: To determine the sociodemographic, clinical, and pharmacological variables and the use of antibiotics in a group of patients with snake bites in Colombia. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out. Patients affiliated with a Colombian health insurer who presented with snake bites between 2015 and 2022 were included. The cases were identified from the National Public Health Surveillance System. Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological variables were identified. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed. Results: A total of 643 patients were analyzed, with a median age of 30.8 years, and 74.7% were men. The most frequently identified genus of snake was Bothrops (88.8%), and most incidents were classified as mild ophidian accidents (61.6%). A total of 59.7% of patients received snake antivenom. A total of 13.8% and 2.2% of the patients had cellulitis or abscesses, respectively. A total of 63.5% received antibiotics (50.6% for prophylaxis and 12.9% for treatment), especially cephalexin (25.9%), and most of the antibiotic management was considered inappropriate (91.7%). Conclusion: Most patients with snake bites received antibiotics, especially for prophylactic purposes, a clinical behavior that goes against current evidence. The use of antibiotics with an unsuitable spectrum for the microorganisms that are usually found in the wounds of these patients is frequent. The development of local clinical practice guidelines is required to help reduce the overprescription of antibiotics, as the excessive use of antimicrobials is the main determinant of antimicrobial resistance.
Reference equations using segmented regressions for impulse oscillometry in healthy subjects aged 2.7–90 years
Authors: Gochicoa-Rangel Laura , Martínez-Briseño David , Guerrero-Zúñiga Selene , Contreras-Morales Jessica , Arias-Jiménez Dulce , Del-Río-Hidalgo Rodrigo , Hernández-Rocha Federico Isaac , Ceballos-Zúñiga Cecilio O. , Silva-Cerón Mónica , Mora-Romero Uri De Jesús , Torre-Bouscoulet Luis , Fernández-Plata Rosario , Pérez-Nieto José E. , Vargas Mario H. 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundPublished reference equations for impulse oscillometry (IOS) usually encompass a specific age group but not the entire lifespan. This may lead to discordant predicted values when two or more non-coincident equations can be applied to the same person, or when a person moves from one equation to the next non-convergent equation as he or she gets older. Thus, our aim was to provide a single reference equation for each IOS variable that could be applied from infancy to old age.MethodsThis was an ambispective cross-sectional study in healthy nonsmokers, most of whom lived in Mexico City, who underwent IOS according to international standards. A multivariate piecewise linear regression, also known as segmented regression, was used to obtain reference equations for each IOS variable.ResultsIn a population of 830 subjects (54.0% female) aged 2.7 to 90 years (54.8% children ≤12 years), segmented regression estimated two breakpoints for age in almost all IOS variables, except for R5−R20 in which only one breakpoint was detected. With this approach, multivariate regressions including sex, age, height and body mass index as independent variables were constructed, and coefficients for calculating predicted value, lower and upper limits of normal, percentage of predicted and z-score were obtained.ConclusionsOur study provides IOS reference equations that include the major determinants of lung function,i.e.sex, age, height and body mass index, that can be easily implemented for subjects of almost any age.
Mepolizumab has clinical benefits including oral corticosteroid sparing irrespective of baseline EGPA characteristics
Authors: Jayne David R.W. , Terrier Benjamin , Hellmich Bernhard , Khoury Paneez , Baylis Lee , Bentley Jane H. , Steinfeld Jonathan , Yancey Steven W. , Kwon Namhee , Wechsler Michael E. , Akuthota Praveen 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe Mepolizumab in Relapsing or Refractory EGPA (MIRRA) trial (GSK ID: 115921/NCT02020889) demonstrated that mepolizumab increased remission time and reduced oral corticosteroid (OCS) use compared with placebo in patients with relapsing or refractory eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The present analysis investigated the impact of baseline characteristics on clinical outcomes and characterised the OCS-sparing effect of mepolizumab.MethodsIn a phase 3, randomised controlled trial for patients with EGPA (MIRRA), patients received standard of care plus mepolizumab 300 mg or placebo every 4 weeks for 52 weeks. The accrued duration of remission, the proportion of patients in remission at weeks 36 and 48, and the proportion of patients with clinical benefit (remission, OCS or relapse-related) were assessed according to baseline EGPA characteristic subgroups (post hoc). Mepolizumab-related OCS-sparing benefits were also quantified.ResultsAccrued duration of remission and the proportion of patients in remission at weeks 36 and 48 were greater with mepolizumab than placebo across the baseline subgroups of refractory disease, immunosuppressant use, EGPA duration, relapse number and OCS use ≤20 mg·day−1. The proportion of patients with clinical benefit was greater with mepolizumabversusplacebo (range 76–81%versus25–39%), irrespective of immunosuppressant use or EGPA duration. Patients treated with mepolizumabversusplacebo accrued significantly more weeks on OCS ≤4 mg·day−1(OR 5.06, 95% CI 2.47–10.38) and had a mean of 1423.1 mg less per-patient OCS exposure over 52 weeks.ConclusionsMepolizumab treatment provided benefits to patients with EGPA across varying baseline clinical characteristics and can be considered an OCS-sparing treatment in EGPA.
Loss of Krüppel-like factor-10 facilitates the development of chemical-induced liver cancer in mice
Authors: Yoo Sung Hwan , Nahm Ji Hae , Lee Woon Kyu , Lee Hyun Woong , Chang Hye Young , Lee Jung Il 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Krüppel-like factor 10 (KLF10) is involved in a positive feedback loop that regulates transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling, and TGFβ plays an important role in the pathogenesis of liver disease. Here, we investigated whether KLF10 deletion affects the development of liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
We induced KLF10 deletion in C57BL/6 mice. Liver fibrosis was induced by feeding a diet high in fat and sucrose (high-fat diet [HFD]), whereas HCC was produced by intraperitoneal administration of N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN). An in vitro experiment was performed to evaluate the role of KLF10 in the cancer microenvironment using Hep3B and LX2 cells. An immunohistochemical study of KLF10 expression was performed using human HCC samples from 60 patients who had undergone liver resection.

Results
KLF10 deletion resulted in an increased DEN-induced HCC burden with significant upregulation of SMAD2, although loss of KLF10 did not alter HFD-induced liver fibrosis. DEN-treated mice with KLF10 deletion exhibited increased levels of mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin and SNAI2) and tumor metastasis markers (matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9). KLF10 depletion in Hep3B and LX2 cells using siRNA was associated with increased invasiveness. Compared with co-culture of KLF10-preserved Hep3B cells and KLF10-intact LX2 cells, co-culture of KLF10-preserved Hep3B cells and KLF10-depleted LX2 cells resulted in significantly enhanced invasion. Low KLF10 expression in resected human HCC specimens was associated with poor survival.

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that loss of KLF10 facilitates liver cancer development with alteration in TGFβ signaling.
Dynamical characteristics of AC-driven hybrid WSe2 monolayer/AlGaInP quantum wells light-emitting device
Authors: Konthoujam James Singh , Lin Yen-Shou , Chang Ya-Hui , Lin Hsiang-Ting , Chang Chiao-Yun , Zhang Yu-Wei , Lin Shih-Yen , Kuo Hao-Chung , Shih Min-Hsiung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe exploration of functional light-emitting devices and numerous optoelectronic applications can be accomplished on an elegant platform provided by rapidly developing transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). However, TMDCs-based light emitting devices encounter certain serious difficulties, such as high resistance losses from ohmic contacts or the need for complex heterostructures, which restricts the device applications. Despite the fact that AC-driven light emitting devices have developed ways to overcome these challenges, there is still a significant demand for multiple wavelength emission from a single device, which is necessary for full color light emitting devices. Here, we developed a dual-color AC-driven light-emitting device by integrating the WSe2 monolayer and AlGaInP–GaInP multiple quantum well (MQW) structures in the form of capacitor structure using AlOx insulating layer between the two emitters. In order to comprehend the characteristics of the hybrid device under various driving circumstances, we investigate the frequency-dependent EL intensity of the hybrid device using an equivalent RC circuit model. The time-resolved electroluminescence (TREL) characteristics of the hybrid device were analyzed in details to elucidate the underlying physical mechanisms governing its performance under varying applied frequencies. This dual-color hybrid light-emitting device enables the use of 2-D TMDC-based light emitters in a wider range of applications, including broad-band LEDs, quantum display systems, and chip-scale optoelectronic integrated systems.
Graphical Abstract
Comparative Study of Single-stranded Oligonucleotides Secondary Structure Prediction Tools
Authors: Binet Thomas , Padiolleau-Lefèvre Séverine , Octave Stéphane , Avalle Bérangère , Maffucci Irene 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Single-stranded nucleic acids (ssNAs) have important biological roles and a high biotechnological potential linked to their ability to bind to numerous molecular targets. This depends on the different spatial conformations they can assume. The first level of ssNAs spatial organisation corresponds to their base pairs pattern, i.e. their secondary structure. Many computational tools have been developed to predict the ssNAs secondary structures, making the choice of the appropriate tool difficult, and an up-to-date guide on the limits and applicability of current secondary structure prediction tools is missing. Therefore, we performed a comparative study of the performances of 9 freely available tools (mfold, RNAfold, CentroidFold, CONTRAfold, MC-Fold, LinearFold, UFold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2) on a dataset of 538 ssNAs with known experimental secondary structure.

Results
The minimum free energy-based tools, namely mfold and RNAfold, and some tools based on artificial intelligence, namely CONTRAfold and MXfold2, provided the best results, with $$\sim 50\%$$

∼
50
%

of exact predictions, whilst MC-fold seemed to be the worst performing tool, with only $$\sim 11\%$$

∼
11
%

of exact predictions. In addition, UFold and SPOT-RNA are the only options for pseudoknots prediction. Including in the analysis of mfold and RNAfold results 5–10 suboptimal solutions further improved the performances of these tools. Nevertheless, we could observe issues in predicting particular motifs, such as multiple-ways junctions and mini-dumbbells, or the ssNAs whose structure has been determined in complex with a protein. In addition, our benchmark shows that some effort has to be paid for ssDNA secondary structure predictions.

Conclusions
In general, Mfold, RNAfold, and MXfold2 seem to currently be the best choice for the ssNAs secondary structure prediction, although they still show some limits linked to specific structural motifs. Nevertheless, actual trends suggest that artificial intelligence has a high potential to overcome these remaining issues, for example the recently developed UFold and SPOT-RNA have a high success rate in predicting pseudoknots.
Global warming impairs the olfactory floral signaling in strawberry
Authors: Cordeiro Guaraci Duran , Dötterl Stefan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Global warming is expected to impact the chemical communication between flowering plants and their pollinators. Surprisingly, it is unknown whether and how temperature-induced changes in scent emission affect pollinator behavior. Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is a plant primarily pollinated by bees and hoverflies, with the former group being particularly attracted to the floral scent they emit.

Results
Using chemical analytical, electrophysiological, and behavioral approaches we tested whether temperature-induced shifts in floral scent of strawberry affect chemical communication with its main bee pollinators (Apis mellifera, Bombus terrestris, Osmia bicornis). While strawberry flowers in the optimum scenario released 10.4 ng/flower/hour, mainly p-anisaldehyde (81%) and seven other scent compounds, in the warmer scenario, the flowers did not emit any detectable scent. In the behavioral experiments, the pollinators were attracted by the scents of the optimum scenario.

Conclusions
We predict that the absence of detectable scent emissions from strawberry plants grown under heat stress will reduce the attractiveness of the flowers to the bee pollinators. Our study raises important ecological and agricultural questions, as decreased attractiveness of flowers to pollinators might potentially lead to insufficient bee pollination, with potential negative consequences for ecosystem functioning and crop yields, particularly in regions reliant on bees as primary pollinators. Given that our study centered on bee pollinators, it is needed to conduct further research to evaluate the impact on hoverflies.
Mean platelet volume and the association with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality among incident peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Wang Jianghai , Ma Xiaochen , Si Xuepeng , Wu Mingyang , Han Wang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
While mean platelet volume (MPV) is linked to severity and all-cause mortality in patients with sepsis, its association with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains unknown.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to estimate the relationship between MPV and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality among patients treated with PD.

Method
We retrospectively collected 1322 patients treated with PD from November 1, 2005 to August 31, 2019. All-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality was identified as the primary outcome. MPV was classified into three categories by means of X-tile software. The correlation between MPV and all-cause mortality was assessed by Cox model. Survival curves were performed by Kaplan-Meier method.

Results
The median follow-up period was 50 months (30–80 months), and a total of 360 deaths were recorded. With respect to all-cause mortality, patients in MVP ≥ 10.2 fL had considerably higher risk of all-cause mortality among three models (HR 0.68, 95%CI 0.56–0.84; HR 0.70, 95%CI 0.56–0.87; HR 0.73, 95%CI 0.59–0.91; respectively). Moreover, patients treated with PD, whose MVP ≥ 10.2 fL, also suffered from significantly higher risk of cardiovascular mortality in model 1, 2, and 3 (HR 0.63, 95%CI 0.46–0.85; HR 0.66, 95%CI 0.48–0.91; HR 0.69, 95%CI 0.50–0.95; respectively).

Conclusions
This study indicates that MPV is independently correlated with both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in PD.