bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Hip Contact Stress Based on Hip Morphometry and Types of Physical Activity : A Systematic Review
Authors: Indra Arief , Winarni Tri Indah , Pramono Adriyan , Jamari J. , Kamarul Tunku , Syahrom Ardiyansyah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
High contact stresses involving the hip have been shown to increase the risk of developing hip osteoarthritis (OA). Although several risk factors have been identified for OA, a holistic approach to predicting contributed factors towards increased hip contact stresses have not been explored. This study was conducted to comprehensively understand the effects of hip morphometry (HM) and level of physical activity on high hip contact stress as predisposing factors of hip osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods
The protocol of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO with registration number CRD42022296638. Full articles that matched our inclusion criteria were selected using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus search engines and keywords such as “hip contact stress”, “hip contact force” and/or “hip contact pressure”. Category of factors, experimental design, results of the study, and evidence from each article were analyzed.
Results
In total 7972 papers were reviewed and resulting 11 papers in hip morphometry group and 21 papers belong to physical activity group.
Conclusions
Hip morphometry (n = 11) and physical activity (n = 21) have correlation with high hip joint contact stress in various manner. However, the reviewed studies vary in their methods. This finding suggested that this area is not well investigated and warrants future research.
ONMCA: One-Network-Multi-Chain Architecture for Customizable Asset-Oriented Blockchain Systems
Authors: Wang Liang , Zhou Wenying , Zuo Lina , Liu Haibo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The development of modern digital economies requires trusted digital asset management (DAM), for which blockchain technology is increasingly being adopted. However, the current architecture for constructing blockchain-based DAM systems (BDAMSs) is inadequate. Existing BDAMSs adopt a modified layered architecture, which enriches the database layer by adding a blockchain platform that acts as a third party to process DAM business logic with pre-written smart contracts. This architecture faces four issues that make it non-credible and non-customizable to DAM demands: 1) pseudo decentralization, 2) not asset-oriented, 3) contract dependency, and 4) high load of chains. To overcome these issues, we propose the One-Network-Multi-Chain Architecture (ONMCA), which allows multiple heterogeneous chains to be established within a same network. ONMCA enables diverse digital assets to be managed in a customizable way through the following features: 1) asset stakeholders are allowed to join the blockchain network, eliminating third parties; 2) transactions are designed to portray the changes in asset states, making the system asset-oriented; and 3) a control layer is added to take over business logic, and smart contracts are forced to regulate asset transactions full-time. We formalize ONMCA and analyze it comprehensively, and the results show that ONMCA meets the requirements of DAM and is qualified to build credible and adaptive BDAMSs.
Identification of Adult Resistant Genes to Stripe Rust in Wheat from Southwestern China Based on GWAS and WGCNA Analysis
Authors: Qiao Liang , Gao Xue , Jia Zhiqiang , Liu Xingchen , Wang Huiyutang , Kong Yixi , Qin Peng , Yang Baoju 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Wheat stripe rust, which is caused by the wheat stripe rust fungus (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst) is one of the world’s most devastating diseases of wheat. Genetic resistance is the most effective strategy for controlling diseases. Although wheat stripe rust-resistance genes have been identified to date, only a few of them confer strong and broad-spectrum resistance. Here, the resistance of 335 wheat germplasm resources (mainly wheat landraces) from Southwestern China to wheat stripe rust was evaluated at the adult stage. Combined genome-wide association study (GWAS) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on RNA sequencing from stripe rust resistant accession Y0337 and susceptible accession Y0402, five candidate resistance genes to wheat stripe rust (TraesCS1B02G170200, TraesCS2D02G181000, TraesCS4B02G117200, TraesCS6A02G189300, and TraesCS3A02G122300) were identified. The transcription level analyses showed that these five genes were significantly differentially expressed between resistant and susceptible accessions post inoculation with Pst at different times. These candidate genes could be experimentally transformed to validate and manipulate fungal resistance which is beneficial for development of the wheat cultivars resistant to stripe rust.
Efficacy and safety of treat-and-extend intravitreal Brolucizumab in naive and switched patients with macular neovascularization: one-year follow-up study.
Authors: Faraldi Francesco , Lavia Carlo Alessandro , Nassisi Marco , Kilian Raphael , Rizzo Clara , Savastano Maria Cristina , Rizzo Stanislao , Giansanti Fabrizio , Bacherini Daniela 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
to analyse, at one year, the efficacy and safety of treat-and-extend (T&E) intravitreal (IV) Brolucizumab in patients affected by macular neovascularization (MNV). Both naïve and previously treated (i.e. switched) patients were included.
Methods
anatomical (i.e. central subfoveal thickness, CST; presence of fluid), functional (i.e. best corrected visual acuity, BCVA) and treatment-related (i.e. number of IV injections within the study period; number of patients reaching 12-weeks IV injections interval) data from 41 eyes (41 subjects; 20 naïve, 21 switched) were analysed. Patients were treated with 3 monthly IV injections followed by a T&E regimen basing on a disease activity assessment performed at each scheduled IV treatment.
Results
significant CST reduction and BCVA improvement were observed in the naïve group while in the switched cohort both parameters were almost stable. In the naïve and switched groups, 55% and 33.5% of patients reached a 12-weeks IV injections interval at one year, with a mean of 6.55 ± 1 and 7.43 ± 0.68 IV treatments, respectively. One case of mild anterior uveitis, without sequelae, was recorded.
Conclusion
in patients with MNV, IV Brolucizumab injections following a T&E regimen demonstrated a good efficacy and safety, with greater anatomical and functional results in naïve patients.
Structural characterization of Lactobacillus plantarum M616 microcapsule powder and its in vitro digestion and colonization in gut
Authors: Liu Yanxia , Cui Yaoming , Feng Mingxing , Guo Zhenhong , Zhang Mengqi , Huang Peiyu , Lv Zeqian , Liang Wenjing , Zhang Min , Guan Junjun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:To enhance the stress resistance of Lactobacillus plantarum M616, various wall materials including 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, sorbitol, soybean oil, phospholipids, and enzymatically hydrolyzed soy protein were employed to prepare microcapsule powder. Results:The structural characterization involved Fourier infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning surface calorimetry, cryo-scanning electron microscopy, and fluorescent labeling. The findings revealed the formation of a microcapsule structure between the wall body and Lactobacillus plantarum M616, with the aqueous phase located externally and the oil phase encapsulating both the microcapsule and Lactobacillus plantarum M616.The storage resistance of microcapsule powder was assessed, revealing that the viable bacteria count of microcapsules stored at 4°C for 8 weeks was 1.03×109 CFU/g, indicating favorable storage resistance at 4°C. Subsequently, an in vitro simulated digestion test was conducted on the microcapsules, resulting in a viable bacteria count of 5.1×109 CFU/g after 120 minutes of gastrointestinal fluid digestion. These findings demonstrate that the microcapsule structure effectively shields Lactobacillus plantarum M616 from the detrimental effects of gastric acid's low pH and facilitates successful release in the intestine.The results of in vivo experiments conducted on microcapsules demonstrated that the utilization of microencapsulation could enhance the colonization efficiency of Lactobacillus plantarum M616 within the intestinal tract. Conclusions:Consequently, microcapsules exhibit significant potential as valuable additives for both human and animal food products.
An enzymatic cascade system based on molybdenum-derived single atom nanozyme for bacteria infected wounds treatment
Authors: Jia Haoruo , Feng Tongtong , Qu Jining , Zheng Ziyuan , Yu Hongtao , Lu Qingda , Su Fei , Yang Yating , Zhu Zhoujun , Jie Qiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Resistant organism caused by overuse of antibiotics brings endless resistance in wound infections treatment. As a new generation of antibacterial strategy, which inspired by the irreversible oxidative damage to bacteria caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), chemodynamics therapy has drawn considerable attention in recent years. However, the chemodynamics-mediate antibacterial effect is restricted owing to the near-neutral pH and insufficient H2O2 concentration at infection site, and the addition of exogenous H2O2 would cause serious side effects. Here, a molybdenum-derived single atom nanozyme (Mo-zyme) was prepared by the coordination of nitrogen atoms in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks with single-atom molybdenum. Subsequently, glucose oxidase (GOx) loading and hyaluronic acid (HA) encapsulation were accomplished via electrostatic attraction to form the nanozyme system (Mo/GOx@HA) with enzyme-activated cascade catalyzed property. Upon Mo/GOx@HA contacts with infected tissue, the catalytic reaction was triggered by bacteria-secreted hyaluronidase (HAase), leading to glucose oxidation and lowered the local pH, which could continuously provide H2O2 for the in-situ generation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) on bacteria surfaces, and advantageous to initiate the cascade-mediated antibacterial process. Wound infection treatment has demonstrated that the as-prepared Mo/GOx@HA exhibits excellent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. This work provided a promising enzymatic cascade reaction nanoplatform for the treatment of bacteria infected wounds.
Health-related quality of life in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in upper Egypt: A single-center study
Authors: Mahgoob Mohamed Hashem , Ali Marwa Waly Eldin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is considered a significant health issue in Egypt, with an increased percentage of those with steroid-resistant courses. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the health-related quality of life for those children with SRNS (steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome) can contribute to improved healthcare management strategies for them.
Methods: This case control study consisted of a total of 160 participants, categorized into 3 distinct cohorts: 60 individuals with SRNS, and two control groups that were matched accordingly. The healthy control group included healthy children and a diseased control group with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) children. We use The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQLTM 4.0 Generic Core Scales) for the assessment of quality of life (QoL) in all the study participants.
Results: The mean scores of PedsQL domains in the SRNS group were found to be significantly lower compared to the SSNS group (P < 0.05) as well as the healthy control group (P = 0.01). The findings of the regression analysis revealed that duration of illness, active disease at enrolment, number of relapses, number of hospital admissions, cushingoid facies, obesity, and receiving cyclosporine, rituximab, and cyclophosphamide were found to be correlated with decreased total PedsQL scores (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The study concluded that we need integrated efforts, including both pediatric nephrologists and psychiatrists, to properly evaluate and improve QoL in Egyptian children suffering from SRNS. The PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales is a straightforward and convenient tool that can be utilized as a preliminary evaluation to assess the QoL in NS children.
Higher Educational Attainment Reduces the Risk of Acute Pancreatitis by Decreasing Triglycerides and the Occurrence of Cholelithiasis
Authors: Liu Xuxu , Wang Liyi , Wang Heming , Wang Qiang , Yu Jingjing , Jing Qingxu , Lv Zhenyi , Du Zhiwei , Zheng Yi , Liu Tianming , Hao Chenjun , Xue Dongbo , Zhang Yingmei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a significant public health concern. Although a higher level of education attainment (EA) has been observed to be associated with a lower incidence of AP, the causal relationship and potential mediators remain unclear.
Method: In this study, we investigated the years of schooling as the primary indicator of EA, as well as cognitive performance and intelligence as secondary indicators. We used a large-scale database to obtain genome-wide association data on factors related to Years of schooling, cognitive performance, intelligence, cholelithiasis, triglycerides, alcohol consumption, and AP. Through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, including inverse variance weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger methods, we explored the causal relationship between years of schooling, cognitive performance, intelligence, and AP. MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO were used for sensitivity analysis to address pleiotropy issues. Additionally, multivariable MR analysis helped identify independent protective factors and potential mediators.
Results: Longer years of schooling (OR=0.556, 95% CI: 0.456-0.677, P=6.01E-09), better cognitive performance (OR=0.796, 95% CI: 0.653-0.970, P=0.024), and higher intelligence (OR=0.789, 95% CI: 0.637-0.977, P=0.030) had a causal effect on reducing the incidence of AP. Furthermore, cholelithiasis and triglycerides mediated the causal relationship between years of schooling and AP risk. In this causal relationship, cholelithiasis and triglycerides together accounted for 19.6% of the mediation effect.
Conclusion:These research findings support the causal impact of education attainment on the occurrence of AP, with a substantial portion of the causal effect being mediated by modifiable risk factors. This suggests that strategies aimed at improving education levels are feasible for preventing AP, and interventions targeting cholelithiasis and triglyceride levels can reduce AP cases caused by imbalances in education attainment.
Assessing the efficacy of the minimally invasive extraperitoneal approach in anterior lumbar interbody fusion and artificial disc replacement
Authors: Ma Jibin , Zhou Xiaoli , Gu Mingyong , Ke Lei , Miao Jun , Li Ruihua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the utilization of the extraperitoneal approach in anterior lumbar spine surgery and to compare the outcomes of two surgical techniques.
Methods
56 patients (30 males, 26 females) underwent minimally invasive extraperitoneal anterior lumbar surgery (2018–2021). Diagnoses: 24 spondylolisthesis, 26 discogenic pain, 3 spinal stenosis, 3 revision surgeries. Procedures: 29 intervertebral cage fusions, 27 artificial disc replacements (L4/5, L5/S1). Parameters: op duration, blood loss, complications, recovery, incision, abdominal pain, hospital stay, pre/post-op Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores two weeks after surgery.
Results
Both groups had successful surgeries with no incision extension. Average operation time was 86.5 ± 12.1 minutes, with 130 ml blood loss. Post-op recovery averaged 3 days, and incisions were 6.5 cm long. Average post-op hospital stay was 7 days. Pre-op Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score was 7, decreasing to 4 two weeks post-op. In the Cage implantation group, average operation time was 86 ± 12.8 minutes, with 100 ml blood loss. Patients resumed ambulation in about 3 days, with a 6.5 cm incision. Average post-op hospital stay was 7 days. Pre-op VAS score averaged 7, decreasing to 4 two weeks post-op. In the artificial lumbar disc replacement group, average operation time was 87 ± 11.5 minutes, with 140 ml blood loss. Ambulation typically resumed in about 3 days, with a 6.5 cm incision. Average post-op hospital stay was 7 days. Pre-op VAS score was 7, decreasing to 4 two weeks post-op. Complications included one vena cava bifurcation tear, two peritoneal tears, three cases of post-op abdominal distention, and five cases of post-op low-grade fever. In the Cage implantation group, there was one venous lumen bifurcation tear, no peritoneal tears, two cases of post-op abdominal distention, and three cases of post-op low-grade fever. In the artificial lumbar disc replacement group, there were no cases of vena cava bifurcation tear, two peritoneal tears, one case of post-op abdominal distention, two cases of post-op low-grade fever, and no instances of retrograde ejaculation in selected male patients.
Conclusion
The implementation of two minimally invasive extraperitoneal surgical techniques has yielded favorable surgical outcomes, meriting consideration for broader clinical adoption.
Privacy-preserving Vertical Federated Broad Learning System for Artificial Intelligence Generated Image Content
Authors: Li Fengyin , Ge Junrong , Wang Xiaojiao , Zhao Gang , Yu Xilong , Li Xinru 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Artificial intelligence generated image content generates desired image content according to given instructions. It is widely applied in digital marketing, video game design, and movie production. Efficiently detecting the quality of generated images is one of the key problems. A broad learning system is a feasible solution because it requires no complex parameter calculation and depth expansion. However, the broad learning system is built by centralized learning, so it may not take advantage of isolated feature data, which prevents broad learning systems from detecting isolated AL-generated image content. To address the above problem, this paper proposes a privacy-preserving vertical federated broad learning system for artificial intelligence generated image content (PVF-BLS). In PVF-BLS, the vertical federated architecture is introduced into the broad learning system to utilize isolated feature data and interactive data is masked by matrix masks for security. To further improve the security of PVF-BLS, this paper proposes a secure incremental learning algorithm based on matrix masks (ILA-MM) to update PVF-BLS. In ILA-MM, the interaction data is processed by matrix masks, which makes PVF-BLS more secure. Experimental results show that PVF-BLS outperforms traditional broad learning systems when the data is isolated.
Exponentiating the Precision of Facial Spoof Detection: An Intricately Woven Tapestry of Hybrid Machine Learning Paradigms and State-of-the-Art Textural Feature Extraction Methodologies
Authors: Singh Mohit , Anand Niharika , Sharma Gaurav 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In recent times, there has been a rapid increase in the deployment of face recognition systems,creating a significant demand for stringent safety regulations to govern their implementation. Several approaches have been developed for face spoof detection, utilizing techniques such as feature extraction, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). These methods have gained significant interest in various domains due to their accessibility and ability to capture abundant information in daily life. Face spoof detection techniques based on ML and Artificial Intelligence (AI) typically involve multiple stages, including pre-processing the raw data, feature extraction, and face classification. Previous methods have employed K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) in combination with Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) for detecting face spoofing, but with relatively low accuracy.In this study, a novel approach is introduced that combines Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) with GLCM for feature extraction. These features are then utilized in a hybrid classifier, which integrates the Random Forest (RF) algorithm boosted with Adaboost optimizer, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and XGBoost as classification algorithms. Through extensive evaluation of our proposed strategies and thorough comparison, our approach demonstrates its superiority over alternative methods, achieving remarkable levels of accuracy, precision, and recall performance.
A Reinforced Deep Reinforcement Learning Method for UAV Target Tracking
Authors: Zhang Yafeng , Ma Haiying , Lu Hai , Luo Siling , Yang Gang , Yu Linjiang , Ye Shuaihong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In response to challenges faced during unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image target tracking, such as target orientation changes, occlusion variations, and limited sample diversity, we propose a reinforced deep reinforcement network-based algorithm for UAV aerial image target tracking. Addressing the issue of limited sample diversity, we enhance the original samples through occlusion and rotation. Next, we construct an improved deep belief network to distill representative deep features, ensuring the deep model can accurately and rapidly adapt to target shape changes and obtain the pre-localization region of the target to be detected. We then employ a reinforcement learning algorithm for precise target localization. Finally, a deep forest classifier is utilized to output the final target tracking results. Comparative experiments on multiple datasets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves high tracking accuracy, is capable of handling target rotation and occlusion, and exhibits excellent precision and robustness.
Higher Concentration of Marijuana Dispensaries in Neighborhoods with More Disadvantage Following Legalization in Washington
Authors: Williams Edwina , Trangenstein Pamela , Patterson Deidre , Kerr William 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Washington is one of 21 states that have legalized recreational marijuana resulting in neighborhoods that have experienced a change in physical environment with the emergence of dispensaries. This study examines the selection of dispensaries into disadvantage area, incorporating local policies and neighborhood characteristics. Marijuana and alcohol sales data were from the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board; and neighborhood characteristics were drawn from the American Community Survey 2010–2016 5-year estimates. Using factor analysis we created a neighborhood disadvantage index where census tracts were stratified into disadvantaged tertiles; and counties were stratified by urban/rural status. We examined the association between dispensaries, neighborhood characteristics, and local marijuana policies using Negative Binomial Regression with a natural log of land area as an offset, separately for 2014–2016. Dispensaries opened in high-disadvantaged CTs in 2014 and then dispersed across the state while retaining higher concentrations in disadvantaged urban CTs. Marijuana-specific policies (allotted dispensaries and retail cap) were found to be predictors of marijuana dispensary density. This study provides evidence that marijuana dispensaries were disproportionately located in areas with greater disadvantage. State and local marijuana policies emerged as important predictors, underscoring the importance of designing thoughtful and equitable license allocation procedures and policies.