bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and defense of time‐varying formation for unmanned aerial vehicles against false data injection attacks and external disturbance
Authors: Wang Zixuan , Liu Yajuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the detection and defense method of time‐varying formation for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) against external disturbance and false data injection attacks (FDIAs). First, to detection attacks, a distributed attack identification filter is constructed for each UAV. Second, two distributed extended state observers are designed to separate and estimate external disturbances and FDIAs. Third, the distributed time‐varying formation tracking protocol and defense strategy for attacks is designed by utilizing the estimated information. The formation system is shown to asymptotically track the desired formation and trajectory and meanwhile reject the disturbance and attacks if the expected formation satisfies the feasible condition by stability analysis. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Availability of dissolved organic carbon drives differences in microbial nitrogen‐cycling processes between two sites with cover crops interseeded into corn
Authors: Curtright Andrew J. , Renner Karen A. , Tiemann Lisa K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInterseeding cover crops into corn has been proposed as a technique to extend the cover crop growing window, but interseeded cover crops may reduce nitrogen (N) availability and compete with corn for available nutrients. To assess N‐cycling dynamics in soils where cover crops have been interseeded into corn for 1 or 2 years, plots were established in duplicate at two sites in Michigan with differing edaphic properties. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.), or a mixture of ryegrass and clover were interseeded into corn at the V3 or V6 stages of corn growth and compared to control plots that did not receive cover crops. We measured active carbon (C) and N pools during the growing season and after harvest as well as potential activities of microbially mediated nutrient‐cycling processes via extracellular enzymes, nitrification, and denitrification. We found that after 2 years, interseeded cover crops had little to no effect on active pools of C and N or on microbial nutrient‐cycling activities, but cover crop growth was severely limited in some site years. However, we observed major differences in these parameters between sites, with finer textured soils exhibiting increased dissolved organic C availability and greater peptidase activity compared to coarser‐textured soils. Our results reveal important spatial and temporal trends that suggest greater C availability can lower the potential for N loss while maintaining a rapid flux of N through the N cycle.
Passivating Grain Boundaries via Graphene Additive for Efficient Kesterite Solar Cells
Authors: Cao Lei , Zhou Zhengji , Zhou Wenhui , Kou Dongxing , Meng Yuena , Yuan Shengjie , Qi Yafang , Han Litao , Tian Qingwen , Wu Sixin , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGrain boundaries (GBs)‐triggered severe non‐radiative recombination is recently recognized as the main culprits for carrier loss in polycrystalline kesterite photovoltaic devices. Accordingly, further optimization of kesterite‐based thin film solar cells critically depends on passivating the grain interfaces of polycrystalline Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) thin films. Herein, 2D material of graphene is first chosen as a passivator to improve the detrimental GBs. By adding graphene dispersion to the CZTSSe precursor solution, single‐layer graphene is successfully introduced into the GBs of CZTSSe absorber. Due to the high carrier mobility and electrical conductivity of graphene, GBs in the CZTSSe films are transforming into electrically benign and do not act as high recombination sites for carrier. Consequently, benefitting from the significant passivation effect of GBs, the use of 0.05 wt% graphene additives increases the efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells from 10.40% to 12.90%, one of the highest for this type of cells. These results demonstrate a new route to further increase kesterite‐based solar cell efficiency by additive engineering.
Atomic Zn‐Doping Induced Sabatier Optimum in NiZn0.03 Catalyst for CO2 Electroreduction at Industrial‐Level Current Densities
Authors: Tuo Yongxiao , Lu Qing , Liu Wanli , Wang Min , Zhou Yan , Feng Xiang , Wu Mingbo , Chen De , Zhang Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Sabatier principle defines the essential criteria for an ideal catalyst in heterogeneous catalysis, while reaching the Sabatier optimum is still challenging in catalyst design. Herein, an elegant strategy is described to reach the Sabatier optimum of Ni electrocatalyst in CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) by atomically Zn doping. The incorporation of 3% Zn single atom into Ni lattice leads to the moderate degrade of d‐band center via Ni–Zn electronic coupling, which balances the bonding strengths of *COOH and *CO, resulting in a relative low energy barrier for CO2 activation while not being substantially poisoned by CO. Consequently, NiZn0.03/C exhibits unique catalytic activity (jCO >100 mA cm−2 at −0.6 V), wide potential range for selective CO production (FECO >90% from −0.65 to −1.15 V), and outstanding long‐term stability (FECO >90% during 85 h electrolysis at −0.85 V). The results provide valuable insights for the rational fabrication of superior non‐noble bimetallic electrocatalysts in CO2 electroreduction.
Introduction: Mediterranean Migration Studies – A Research Agenda for the Coming Years
Authors: Zapata-Barrero Ricard , Awad Ibrahim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis volume seeks to cover the overall Mediterranean regional dimension on migrations. The basic purpose is to provide a basis for future research synergies by showcasing a plurality of perspectives to and applications of Mediterranean Migrations. This provides a direct opportunity and a reflective invitation to think the Mediterranean as a category of analysis for migration studies, which involves both a regional approach to migration and as “scale thinking” of geo-political governance. This broad geographical scope, coupled with cross-cutting and inter-disciplinary contributions, as well as the key-fact that this volume seeks to integrate regional, national, and North-Eastern-South complementarities are the distinctive features of its focus. It links Mediterranean and Migration Studies by articulating three sub-regions (Southern Europe, Northern Africa and Middle East) or the so-called Southern and Eastern Mediterranean (SEM) countries in the EU parlance.
Connecting Places, Connecting to Place: Migrants’ Use of ICTs for Exploring Lisbon
Authors: Buhr Franz , Desille Amandine , Fonseca Maria Lucinda 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides an integrated understanding of the implications of the use of ICTs by migrant individuals as they explore the Mediterranean city. ICTs have proved crucial for the maintenance of long-distance familial arrangements, for the mobilisation of migrants’ social networks, and for managing remittances, but also for shaping migration decisions and the choice of destinations. Taking a different approach, we look at the ways migrants become aware of the city’s urban resources with the help of ICTs. To this end, we relied on a pilot study comprising in-depth encounters with middling migrants established in Lisbon between 2014 and 2019. Participants were also part of a four-week-long online focus group organised on WhatsApp where they shared ICT resources in “real time”, engaged in discussion among themselves, and responded to questions asked by the researchers. This chapter provides evidence that digital and urban resources are intertwined: that online navigation can actually shape the offline experience of using the city; and that the ways migrants portray the places they use – by posting, commenting, sharing, and leaving reviews online – add up to an ICT-supported imaginary of the city fed by residents, migrants, and other visitors alike.
Hindering Democracy Through Migration Policies? An Analysis of EU External Migration Policies’ Impacts on the Democratisation of Morocco
Authors: Faustini Torres Luisa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhat are the impacts of the European Union’s (EU) external migration policies on the democratisation of Southern Mediterranean Countries (SMCs)? Even though democracy promotion is an important element of the EU’s external migration policies, there is little academic knowledge about their effects on SMCs’ democratisation. This chapter attempts to start uncovering their impact on this policy field by focusing on EU policy practices. The analysis is done in two stages: (1) by suggesting an innovative theoretical framework, and (2) by applying it to the case of Morocco, a paradigmatic case among SMCs. Focusing on the years between 2015 and 2020, the case study draws on a content analysis of a broad range of qualitative data, including policy documents, literature, reports, and press releases. The research finds that EU external migration policies are likely to have had a negative impact on Morocco’s democratisation trajectory, affecting the EU’s capacity and willingness to exert leverage in this country and working as a tool for Morocco’s autocratic resilience. This outcome would contradict the EU’s own narratives, confirming the existence of a wide and deep gap between EU discourses and actions in this field, further contributing to the “process of disillusionment” of the Barcelona Process.
Discussion, Possibilities, and Limitations
Authors: Pedersen Mette 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh-speed videos are valuable to see details during normal childhood and especially pubertal development. HSV examples in boys show in some cases what can be interpreted as vocal fold modification of two adult and two child registers in boys. Two markings of contact maxima of the vocal folds are seen in Fig. 4.6 during the pubertal period. They are seen in Fig. 4.10 but weaker in boys in the postpubertal period corresponding to Voice Range Profiles (Fig. 4.21f–i).
Rényi negativities in non-equilibrium open free-boson chains
Authors: Chen Hui-Huang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the dynamics of Rényi negativities after a quantum quench in the free-boson chain with homogeneous dissipation. Initially we prepare the system in the squeezed thermal state, and then let it evolves under the tight-binding bosonic Hamiltonian with local linear dissipation. We use the Lindblad equation to solve the time evolution of the covariance matrix, from which one can obtain the time dependence of Rényi negativities. We are interested in the weak dissipation hydrodynamic limit where a quasi-particle picture emerges. In this limit, exact results of non-equilibrium dynamics of Rényi negativities can be obtained using the stationary phase method. We consider the Rényi negativities between both adjacent and disjoint regions in a infinite chain. We numerically test our analytical predictions and perfect matches have found.
Extension of Hoffman’s Combinatorial Identity via Specific Zeta-Like Series
Authors: Genčev Marian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe goal of the paper is twofold. First, we present an analytic method leading to a class of combinatorial identities with Bernoulli, Euler and Catalan numbers based on considering specific multiple zeta-like series and infinite products. The developed method allows us to naturally extend Hoffman’s combinatorial identity that led to the famous evaluation of the multiple zeta value $$\zeta (\{2\}_k)$$

ζ
(

{
2
}

k

)

in 1992. Second, we present new evaluations of two multiple zeta-like series with their consequences to combinatorial identities, and, as a by-product of our technical considerations, we establish two combinatorial identities with a trinomial coefficient and Stirling numbers respectively.
Examining the assumptions of AI hiring assessments and their impact on job seekers’ autonomy over self-representation
Authors: Aizenberg Evgeni , Dennis Matthew J. , van den Hoven Jeroen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the epistemological and ontological assumptions algorithmic hiring assessments make about job seekers’ attributes (e.g., competencies, skills, abilities) and the ethical implications of these assumptions. Given that both traditional psychometric hiring assessments and algorithmic assessments share a common set of underlying assumptions from the psychometric paradigm, we turn to literature that has examined the merits and limitations of these assumptions, gathering insights across multiple disciplines and several decades. Our exploration leads us to conclude that algorithmic hiring assessments are incompatible with attributes whose meanings are context-dependent and socially constructed. Such attributes call instead for assessment paradigms that offer space for negotiation of meanings between the job seeker and the employer. We argue that in addition to questioning the validity of algorithmic hiring assessments, this raises an often overlooked ethical impact on job seekers’ autonomy over self-representation: their ability to directly represent their identity, lived experiences, and aspirations. Infringement on this autonomy constitutes an infringement on job seekers’ dignity. We suggest beginning to address these issues through epistemological and ethical reflection regarding the choice of assessment paradigm, the means to implement it, and the ethical impacts of these choices. This entails a transdisciplinary effort that would involve job seekers, hiring managers, recruiters, and other professionals and researchers. Combined with a socio-technical design perspective, this may help generate new ideas regarding appropriate roles for human-to-human and human–technology interactions in the hiring process.
Analytic torsion forms for fibrations by projective curves
Authors: Köhler Kai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn explicit formula for analytic torsion forms for fibrations by projective curves is given. In particular one obtains a formula for direct images in Arakelov geometry in the corresponding setting. The main tool is a new description of Bismut’s equivariant Bott–Chern current in the case of isolated fixed points.
The left adjoint of derived parabolic induction
Authors: Heyer Claudius 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe prove that the derived parabolic induction functor, defined on the unbounded derived category of smooth mod p representations of a p-adic reductive group, admits a left adjoint $$\textrm{L}(U,-)$$

L
(
U
,
-
)

. We study the cohomology functors $$\textrm{H}^i\circ \textrm{L}(U,-)$$

H
i

∘
L

(
U
,
-
)

in some detail and deduce that $$\textrm{L}(U,-)$$

L
(
U
,
-
)

preserves bounded complexes and global admissibility in the sense of Schneider–Sorensen. Using $$\textrm{L}(U,-)$$

L
(
U
,
-
)

we define a derived Satake homomorphism and prove that it encodes the mod p Satake homomorphisms defined explicitly by Herzig.
The association between intraocular pressure dynamics during dark-room prone testing and intraocular pressure over a relatively long-term follow-up period in primary open-glaucoma patients
Authors: Sato Masataka , Kiyota Naoki , Yabana Takeshi , Maekawa Shigeto , Tsuda Satoru , Omodaka Kazuko , Himori Noriko , yokoyama Yu , Nakazawa Toru 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the relationship between the dynamics of intraocular pressure (IOP) during dark-room prone testing (DRPT) and IOP over a relatively long-term follow-up period.

Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 84 eyes of 51 primary open-angle glaucoma patients who underwent DRPT for whom at least three IOP measurements made using Goldmann applanation tonometry were available over a maximum follow-up period of two years. We excluded eyes with a history of intraocular surgery or laser treatment and those with changes in topical anti-glaucoma medication during the follow-up period. In DRPT, IOP was measured in the sitting position, and after 60 min in the prone position in a dark room, IOP was measured again. In this study, IOP fluctuation refers to the standard deviation (SD) of IOP, and IOP max indicates the maximum value of IOP during the follow-up. The relationship between these parameters was analyzed with a linear mixed-effects model, adjusting for clinical parameters including age, gender, and axial length.

Results
IOP increased after DRPT with a mean of 6.13 ± 3.55 mmHg. IOP max was significantly associated with IOP after DRPT (β = 0.38; p < 0.001). IOP fluctuation was significantly associated with IOP change in DRPT (β = 0.29; p = 0.007).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that short-term and relatively long-term IOP dynamics are associated. Long-term IOP dynamics can be predicted by DRPT to some extent.
$$\varepsilon $$-Isometric Dimension Reduction for Incompressible Subsets of $$\ell _p$$
Authors: Eskenazis Alexandros 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFix$$p\in [1,\infty )$$p∈[1,∞),$$K\in (0,\infty )$$K∈(0,∞), and a probability measure$$\mu $$μ. We prove that for every$$n\in \mathbb {N}$$n∈N,$$\varepsilon \in (0,1)$$ε∈(0,1), and$$x_1,\ldots ,x_n\in L_p(\mu )$$x1,…,xn∈Lp(μ)with$$\big \Vert \max _{i\in \{1,\ldots ,n\}} |x_i| \big \Vert _{L_p(\mu )} \le K$$‖maxi∈{1,…,n}|xi|‖Lp(μ)≤K, there exist$$d\le \frac{32e^2 (2K)^{2p}\log n}{\varepsilon ^2}$$d≤32e2(2K)2plognε2and vectors$$y_1,\ldots , y_n \in \ell _p^d$$y1,…,yn∈ℓpdsuch that$$\begin{aligned} {\forall }\,\,i,j\in \{1,\ldots ,n\}, \quad \Vert x_i-x_j\Vert ^p_{L_p(\mu )}-\varepsilon\le & {} \Vert y_i-y_j\Vert _{\ell _p^d}^p\le \Vert x_i-x_j\Vert ^p_{L_p(\mu )}+\varepsilon . \end{aligned}$$∀i,j∈{1,…,n},‖xi-xj‖Lp(μ)p-ε≤‖yi-yj‖ℓpdp≤‖xi-xj‖Lp(μ)p+ε.Moreover, the argument implies the existence of a greedy algorithm which outputs$$\{y_i\}_{i=1}^n$${yi}i=1nafter receiving$$\{x_i\}_{i=1}^n$${xi}i=1nas input. The proof relies on a derandomized version of Maurey’s empirical method (1981) combined with a combinatorial idea of Ball (1990) and a suitable change of measure. Motivated by the above embedding, we introduce the notion of$$\varepsilon $$ε-isometric dimension reduction of the unit ball$${\textbf {B}}_E$$BEof a normed space$$(E,\Vert \cdot \Vert _E)$$(E,‖·‖E)and we prove that$${\textbf {B}}_{\ell _p}$$Bℓpdoes not admit$$\varepsilon $$ε-isometric dimension reduction by linear operators for any value of$$p\ne 2$$p≠2.
On the behavior of prolate spheroids in a standing surface acoustic wave field
Authors: Sachs Sebastian , Schmidt Hagen , Cierpka Christian , König Jörg 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe active manipulation of particle and cell trajectories in fluids by high-frequency standing surface acoustic waves (sSAW) allows to separate particles and cells systematically depending on their size and acoustic contrast. However, process technologies and biomedical applications usually operate with non-spherical particles, for which the prediction of acoustic forces is highly challenging and remains a subject of ongoing research. In this study, the dynamical behavior of prolate spheroids exposed to a three-dimensional acoustic field with multiple pressure nodes along the channel width is examined. Optical measurements reveal an alignment of the particles orthogonal to the pressure nodes of the sSAW, which has not been reported in literature so far. The dynamical behavior of the particles is analyzed under controlled initial conditions for various motion patterns by imposing a phase shift on the sSAW. To gain detailed understanding of the particle dynamics, a three-dimensional numerical model is developed to predict the acoustic force and torque acting on a prolate spheroid. Considering the acoustically induced streaming around the particle, the numerical results are in excellent agreement with experimental findings. Using the proposed numerical model, a dependence of the acoustic force on the particle shape is found in relation to the acoustic impedance of the channel ceiling. Hence, the numerical model presented herein promises high progress for the design of separation devices utilizing sSAW, exploiting an additional separation criterion based on the particle shape.
A new corpus of geolocated ASR transcripts from Germany
Authors: Coats Steven 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis report describes the Corpus of German Speech (CoGS), a 56-million-word corpus of automatic speech recognition transcripts from YouTube channels of local government entities in Germany. Transcripts have been annotated with latitude and longitude coordinates, making the resource potentially useful for geospatial analyses of lexical, morpho-syntactic, and pragmatic variation; this is exemplified with an exploratory geospatial analysis of grammatical variation in the encoding of past temporal reference. Additional corpus metadata include video identifiers and timestamps on individual word tokens, making it possible to search for specific discourse content or utterance sequences in the corpus and download the underlying video and audio from the web, using open-source tools. The discourse content of the transcripts in CoGS touches upon a wide range of topics, making the resource potentially interesting as a data source for research in digital humanities and social science. The report also briefly discusses the permissibility of reuse of data sourced from German municipalities for corpus-building purposes in the context of EU, German, and American law, which clearly authorize such a use case.
Biodegradable iron-based foams prepared by the space holder technique using urea
Authors: Čákyová V. , Gorejová R. , Macko R. , Petruš O. , Sopčák T. , Kupková M. , Kaľavský F. , Oriňaková R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIron-based degradable biomaterials have attracted much attention as next-generation bone implants due to their excellent mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. Many studies are now focusing on the preparation and detailed study of porous versus non-porous degradable materials. Porous degradable biomaterials have many advantages over the non-porous ones owing to their structure, which allows easier bone tissue ingrowth. The aim of this work was to prepare Fe-based biodegradable porous materials in a cost-effective way via powder metallurgy technique using urea space holders. Five different samples with increasing space holder weight ratio (up to 20 wt%) were prepared. Surface morphology and sample structure were studied using the optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Electrochemical corrosion rate analysis confirmed that the samples corroded faster with increasing number of pores. With an increasing amount of urea, the number of pores increased proportionally, which can potentially be used to tune the corrosion rate. However, mechanical integrity of the samples was not maintained when more than 10 wt% of space holder was used.
Graphical abstract