bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Complications of Cirrhosis Are Linked With Distinct Gut Microbial Bacteriophage and Eukaryotic Viral-Like Particle Signatures in Cirrhosis
Authors: Peña Rodríguez Marcela , Fagan Andrew , Sikaroodi Masoumeh , Gillevet Patrick M. , Bajaj Jasmohan S. 
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) modulate the progression of cirrhosis to hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and can affect the bacterial microbiome. However, the impact of PPI on the virome in cirrhosis using viral-like particle (VLP) analysis is unclear.

METHODS:
We determined the VLP in the stool microbiome in patients with cirrhosis cross-sectionally (ascites, HE, and PPI use analyzed) who were followed up for 6-month hospitalizations and through 2 clinical trials of PPI withdrawal and initiation.

RESULTS:
In a cross-sectional study, PPI users had greater ascites prevalence and 6-month hospitalizations, but VLP α diversity was similar. Among phages, PPI users had lower Autographviridae and higher Streptococcus phages and Herelleviridae than nonusers, whereas opposite trends were seen in ascites and HE. Trends of eukaryotic viruses (higher Adenoviridae and lower Virgaviridae/Smacoviridae) were similar for PPI, HE, and ascites. Twenty-one percent were hospitalized, mostly due to HE. α Diversity was similar in the hospitalized/nonhospitalized/not groups. Higher Gokushovirinae and lower crAssphages were related to hospitalizations such as HE-related cross-sectional VLP changes. As part of the clinical trial, PPIs were added and withdrawn in 2 different decompensated groups over 14 days. No changes in α diversity were observed. Withdrawal reduced crAssphages, and initiation reduced Gokushovirinae and Bacteroides phages.

DISCUSSION:
In cirrhosis, PPI use has a gut microbial VLP phage signature that is different from that in HE and ascites, and VLP changes are linked with hospitalizations over 6 months, independent of clinical biomarkers. Eukaryotic viral patterns were consistent across PPI use, HE, and ascites, indicating a relationship with the progression of cirrhosis. PPIs alone showed modest VLP changes with withdrawal or initiation. Distinct phage and eukaryotic viral patterns are associated with the use of PPIs in cirrhosis.
10 Things I Get From You: The Benefits of Partnerships in the Pursuit of Improvement and Sustainability in Libraries
Authors: Petrak Ani 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Globalization and growth in digitalization have led to a greater connectivity between individuals, groups, organizations, and libraries. This article will share ten practical outcomes from one librarian’s personal experience with partnerships. A clear example of these collaborative benefits may be seen in the Czech-German Library Next Door partnership, as well as the individual partnership between the Stadtbibliothek Chemnitz and Ústí Regional Library. Partnerships and collaborations allow all involved members to overcome their own shortcomings, strengthen others around them, and excel at their greatest strengths.
Zusammenarbeit mit Bibliotheken der Tschechischen Republik
Authors: Malz Angela 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Die UB Chemnitz arbeitet seit längerer Zeit in verschiedenen Projekten mit tschechischen Bibliotheken zusammen. Als Leadpartner von zwei Projekten konnten viele Erfahrungen gesammelt werden. Besonders das Projekt „Lernraum – Bibliothekarische Informationsplattform“ brachte nachhaltige Ergebnisse. Welche Themen gemeinsam behandelt und welche Erkenntnisse aus der Zusammenarbeit gewonnen wurden, soll der Erfahrungsbericht zeigen.
A case report of diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis with NGS
Authors: Jiang Jiamei , Lv Meng , Yang Kaichao , Zhao Gang , Fu Yimu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Listeria monocytogenes (LM) infections of the central nervous system are deadly and have vague symptoms. Traditional cerebro spinal fluid culture has a low positive rate, and because antibiotic use is common following therapy, it is more challenging to assess the response from pathogen content. In this case, a 66-year-old man who had a fever, a headache, and vomit was admitted to the hospital. He had diabetes, decline in thyroid function, and a history of pituitary tumor removal surgery. His initial treatment with ribavirin, ceftriaxone antibiotic, and moxifloxacin did not go well. Using two etiological tests (culture and metagenomic next-generation sequencing [mNGS]), his cerebrospinal fluid tested positively for LM. Ampicillin-sulbactam and meropenem were used as treatments once LM meningitis was identified. After treatment, his cerebrospinal fluid was assessed once more. Culture: negative; targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS): positive and shows changes in the copy number of the LM. After 44 days of treatment, the patient finally stopped taking antibiotics, and the prognosis was good. Our study showed that mNGS and tNGS, as novel approaches for pathogen detection, are capable of identifying pathogens quickly, sensitively, and accurately, especially when there are few infections present (such as after antibiotic treatment). The two methods can be a powerful assistance for helping clinicians to choose the best course of action.
Prognostic significance of chronic myocardial injury diagnosed by three different cardiac troponin assays in patients admitted with suspected acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Steiro Ole-Thomas , Langørgen Jørund , Tjora Hilde L. , Bjørneklett Rune O. , Skadberg Øyvind , Bonarjee Vernon V.S. , Mjelva Øistein R. , Steinsvik Trude , Lindahl Bertil , Omland Torbjørn , Aakre Kristin M. , Vikenes Kjell 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Chronic myocardial injury (CMI) is defined as stable concentrations of cardiac troponin T or I (cTnT or cTnI) above the assay-specific 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL) and signals poor outcome. The clinical implications of diagnosing CMI are unclear. We aimed to assess prevalence and association of CMI with long-term prognosis using three different high-sensitivity cTn (hs-cTn) assays.

Methods
A total of 1,292 hospitalized patients without acute myocardial injury had cTn concentrations quantified by hs-cTn assays by Roche Diagnostics, Abbott Diagnostics and Siemens Healthineers. The median follow-up time was 4.1 years. The prevalence of CMI and hazard ratios for mortality and cardiovascular (CV) events were calculated based on the URL provided by the manufacturers and compared to the prognostic accuracy when lower percentiles of cTn (97.5, 95 or 90), limit of detection or the estimated bioequivalent concentrations between assays were used as cutoff values.

Results
There was no major difference in prognostic accuracy between cTnT and cTnI analyzed as continuous variables. The correlation between cTnT and cTnI was high (r=0.724–0.785), but the cTnT assay diagnosed 3.9–4.5 times more patients with having CMI based on the sex-specific URLs (TnT, n=207; TnI Abbott, n=46, TnI Siemens, n=53) and had higher clinical sensitivity and AUC at the URL.

Conclusions
The prevalence of CMI is highly assay-dependent. cTnT and cTnI have similar prognostic accuracy for mortality or CV events when measured as continuous variables. However, a CMI diagnosis according to cTnT has higher prognostic accuracy compared to a CMI diagnosis according to cTnI.
Features of liver injury in 138 Chinese patients with NICCD
Authors: Jiang MinYan , Peng MinZhi , Lu ZhiKun , Shao YongXian , Liu ZongCai , Li XiuZhen , Lin YunTing , Liu Li , Zhang Wen , Cai YanNa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To find biochemical and molecular markers can assist in identifying serious liver damage of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) patients.

Methods
138 patients under 13 days to 1.1 year old diagnosed of NICCD in our center from 2004 to 2020. Base on the abnormal liver laboratory tests, we divided 138 patients into three groups: acute liver failure (ALF), liver dysfunction, and non-liver dysfunction groups, then compared their clinical, biochemical and, molecular data.

Results
96 % of 138 patients had high levels of citrulline and high ratio of threonine to serine, which is the distinctive feature of plasma amino acid profile for NICCD. A total of 18.1 % of 138 patients had evidence of ALF who presented the most severity hepatic damage, 51.5 % had liver dysfunction, and the remaining 30.4 % presented mild clinical symptoms (non-liver dysfunction). In ALF group, the levels of citrulline, tyrosine, TBIL, ALP, and γ-GT was significantly elevated, and the level of ALB and Fisher ratio was pronounced low. Homozygous mutations of 1,638_1660dup, IVS6+5G.A, or IVS16ins3kb in SLC25A13 gene were only found in ALF and liver dysfunction groups. Supportive treatment including medium-chain triglyceride supplemented diet and fresh frozen plasma could be life-saving and might reverse ALF.

Conclusions
High level of citrulline, tyrosine, TBIL, ALP, γ-GT, and ammonia, low level of albumin, and low Fisher ratio were predictors to suggest severe liver damage in NICCD patients who may go on to develop fatal metabolic disorder. Early identification and proper therapy is particularly important for these patients.
Changes in circMyt1l/rno-let-7d-5p/brain-derived neurotrophic factor. A damaged periventricular white matter damage model in neonatal rats
Authors: Zhu Lihua , Han Yiwen , Shu Jiaping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the function of circMyt1l/rno-let-7d-5p/BDNF in the white matter damage of premature rats.

Methods
Bioinformatic analysis was used to analyze the differential expression of circMyt1l and its interacting miRNAs and mRNAs in rats with periventricular white matter damage. Rats at postnatal day 3 had their right common carotid artery permanently ligated, and were then exposed for 2 h to 6 % O2, or sham surgery and exposure to normal O2 levels (sham). CircMyt1l and rno-let-7d-5p expression was detected and BDNF protein levels were analyzed at 24, 48, and 72 h post hypoxia–ischemia.

Results
Bioinformatic analysis suggested that circMyt1l, rno-let-7d-5p and BDNF interact. CircMyt1l expression decreased significantly relative to the sham-operated rats (p<0.01) in an exposure time-dependent manner. Contrastingly, rno-let-7d-5p increased significantly relative to the sham-operated rats (p<0.01) in an exposure time dependent manner. BDNF protein levels decreased significantly relative to the sham-operated rats (p<0.05) in an exposure time dependent manner.

Conclusions
The expression levels of circMyt1l/rno-let-7d-5p/BDNF are interrelated in periventricular white matter damage. Decreased circMyt1l expression of promoted the effect of rno-let-7d-5p and decreased the level of its target, BDNF.
Validation of an automated software (Smartpelvic™) in assessing hiatal area from three dimensional transperineal pelvic volumes of pregnant women: comparison with manual analysis
Authors: Resta Serena , De Vito Marika , Patelli Chiara , Lu Jia Li Angela , Gabrielli Gianluca , Chiodo Erika , Mappa Ilenia , Rizzo Giuseppe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the agreement between a manual and an automatic technique in assessing levator hiatus area (LHA) during pregnancy from three-dimensional (3D) pelvic floor volumes obtained by trans-perineal ultrasound (TPUS).

Methods
3D volumes were acquired during rest, maximum pelvic floor contraction and Valsalva maneuver from 66 pregnant women. Manual selection of LHA and automatic software (Smart Pelvic™) were applied on TPUS volume starting from a C-plane view. To evaluate intra- and inter-observer variability measurements of LHA were performed twice by the same operator and once by a second sonographer. Reference hiatal contours obtained manually by the first operator were compared with the automated ones. Reproducibility was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland–Altman plots.

Results
LHA measurement, using automatic software, achieved excellent intra-observer and inter-observer reproducibility in pregnant women both at rest and after dynamic analysis (ICC>0.9). Further, an excellent agreement resulted between manual selection of the LHA and automatic imaging (ICC>0.9). The average time taken to obtain LHA manually was significantly longer when compared to the automatic analysis (p≤0.0001).

Conclusions
Smart pelvic software resulted from a reliable method for automatically measuring the LHA, showing high reproducibility and accuracy.
Von Konfessionskunde zu ökumenischer Kirchenkunde und Studies in World Christianity?
Authors: Iff Markus 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Konfessionskunde vermittelt wissenschaftliche Kenntnisse von historisch gewordenen, systematisch begründeten und empirisch beschreibbaren Formationen und spezifischen Merkmalen des Christentums. Geschichte und Theorie der Konfessionskunde zeigen, dass sie im europäischen Kontext entstanden und verwurzelt ist, gleichzeitig aber auf die Pluralität des weltweiten Christentums und der damit verbundenen Ökumene ausgerichtet ist. Der Begriff Konfessionskunde hat eine begrenzte Reichweite, da sich eine Vielzahl christlicher Gemeinschaften nicht unter einem eng gefassten Konfessionsbegriff rubrizieren lässt. Gleichzeitig ist ein weit gefasster Konfessionsbegriff im Sinne von konfessioneller Identität als Grammatik des christlichen Glaubens als Kategorie zur Wahrnehmung und Darstellung des weltweiten Christentums relevant. Die Bedeutung der Konfessionskunde ergibt sich aus ihrem spezifischen Forschungsgegenstand und ihrem (wiederum konfessionell bestimmten) Ort, von dem aus sie die Vielfalt christlicher Gemeinschaften untersucht sowie ihrer Aufgabe, die christlichen Gemeinschaften in ihrer jeweiligen Eigenart und ihrem Zusammenhang darzustellen.
Gate-readout and a 3D rectification effect for giant responsivity enhancement of asymmetric dual-grating-gate plasmonic terahertz detectors
Authors: Satou Akira , Negoro Takumi , Narita Kenichi , Hosotani Tomotaka , Tamura Koichi , Tang Chao , Lin Tsung-Tse , Retaux Paul-Etienne , Takida Yuma , Minamide Hiroaki , Suemitsu Tetsuya , Otsuji Taiichi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We experimentally investigated the asymmetric dual-grating-gate plasmonic terahertz (THz) detector based on an InGaAs-channel high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) in the gate-readout configuration. Throughout the THz pulse detection measurement on the fabricated device, we discovered a new detection mechanism called the “3D rectification effect” at the positive gate bias application, which is a cooperative effect of the plasmonic nonlinearities in the channel with the diode nonlinearity in the heterobarrier between the InGaAs channel layer and the InAlAs spacer/carrier-supply/barrier layers, resulting in a giant enhancement of the detector responsivity. We also found that an undesired long-tail waveform observed on the temporal pulse photoresponse of the device is due to trapping of carriers to the donor levels in the silicon δ-doped carrier-supply layer when they tunnel through the barrier to the gate and can be eliminated completely by introducing the so-called inverted-HEMT structure. The internal current responsivity and noise-equivalent power are estimated to be 0.49 A/W (with the equivalent voltage responsivity of 4.9 kV/W with a high output impedance of 10 kΩ) and 196 pW/√Hz at 0.8 THz. These results pave the way towards the application of the plasmonic THz detectors to beyond-5G THz wireless communication systems.
Wetted-wire columns: a potential alternative to packed or spray columns
Authors: Wagstaff Christopher , Al-Juaied Mohammed , Prabhudharwadkar Deoras , Roberts William L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Wetted wires are a unique column internal with several advantages compared to spray and packed columns. These include near-perfect liquid distribution, extremely low pressure drops, and better heat or mass transfer due to droplet circulation. Currently, wetted-wire columns remain within the laboratory prototyping stage. The primary goal of this review is to present the current research on wetted-wire columns and to highlight the gaps that impede scale-up and commercialization. Initially, wetted-wire columns were proposed as an alternative to spray towers. However, wetted-wire columns occupy a space in between spray towers and packed columns. Therefore, wetted-wire columns should also be analyzed more like packed columns to increase the speed of technological translation. Wetted-wire column literature is presented by defining features (wire diameter, nozzle diameter, pitch, and material) and by performance indicators (operating range, pressure drop, hold-up, and separation efficiency). In addition, adjacent literature on wire-like structures is discussed.
Myocardial perfusion segmentation and partitioning methods in personalized models of coronary blood flow
Authors: Danilov Alexander A. , Gamilov Timur M. , Liang Fuyou , Rebrova Alina A. , Chomakhidze Petr Sh. , Kopylov Philipp Yu. , Bravyy Yan R. , Simakov Sergey S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this work we present methods and algorithms for construction of a personalized model of coronary haemodynamics based on computed tomography images. This model provides estimations of fractional flow reserve, coronary flow reserve, and instantaneous wave-free ratio taking into account transmural perfusion ratio indices obtained from perfusion images. The presented pipeline consists of the following steps: aorta segmentation, left ventricle wall segmentation, coronary arteries segmentation, construction of 1D network of vessels, partitioning of left ventricle wall, and personalization of the model parameters. We focus on a new technique, which generates specific perfusion zones and computes transmural perfusion ratio according to the quality of available medical images with a limited number of visible terminal coronary vessels. Numerical experiments show that accurate evaluation of stenosis before precutaneous coronary intervention should take into account both fractional flow reserve indices and myocardial perfusion, as well as other indices, in order to avoid misdiagnosis. The presented model provides better understanding of the background of clinical recommendations for possible surgical treatment of a stenosed coronary artery.
Tug-of-Peace: Visual Rivalry and Atypical Visual Motion Processing in MECP2 Duplication Syndrome of Autism
Authors: Bogatova Daria , Smirnakis Stelios M. , Palagina Ganna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExtracting common patterns of neural circuit computations in the autism spectrum and confirming them as a cause of specific core traits of autism is the first step toward identifying cell-level and circuit-level targets for effective clinical intervention. Studies in humans with autism have identified functional links and common anatomic substrates between core restricted behavioral repertoire, cognitive rigidity, and overstability of visual percepts during visual rivalry. To study these processes with single-cell precision and comprehensive neuronal population coverage, we developed the visual bistable perception paradigm for mice based on ambiguous moving plaid patterns consisting of two transparent gratings drifting at an angle of 120°. This results in spontaneous reversals of the perception between local component motion (plaid perceived as two separate moving grating components) and integrated global pattern motion (plaid perceived as a fused moving texture). This robust paradigm does not depend on the explicit report of the mouse, since the direction of the optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is used to infer the dominant percept. Using this paradigm, we found that the rate of perceptual reversals between global and local motion interpretations is reduced in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 duplication syndrome (MECP2-ds) mouse model of autism. Moreover, the stability of local motion percepts is greatly increased in MECP2-ds mice at the expense of global motion percepts. Thus, our model reproduces a subclass of the core features in human autism (reduced rate of visual rivalry and atypical perception of visual motion). This further offers a well-controlled approach for dissecting neuronal circuits underlying these core features.
Neurobiology and Changing Ecosystems: Mechanisms Underlying Responses to Human-Generated Environmental Impacts
Authors: Anttonen Tommi , Burghi Thiago , Duvall Laura , Fernandez Maria P. , Gutierrez Gabrielle , Kermen Florence , Merlin Christine , Michaiel Angie 
Published: November 2023

Human generated environmental change profoundly affects organisms that reside across diverse ecosystems. Although nervous systems evolved to flexibly sense, respond, and adapt to environmental change, it is unclear whether the rapid rate of environmental change outpaces the adaptive capacity of complex nervous systems. Here, we explore neural systems mediating responses to, or impacted by, changing environments, such as those induced by global heating, sensory pollution, and changing habitation zones. We focus on rising temperature and accelerated changes in environments that impact sensory experience as examples of perturbations that directly or indirectly impact neural function, respectively. We also explore a mechanism involved in cross-species interactions that arises from changing habitation zones. We demonstrate that anthropogenic influences on neurons, circuits, and behaviors are widespread across taxa and require further scientific investigation to understand principles underlying neural resilience to accelerating environmental change.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeural systems evolved over hundreds of millions of years to allow organisms to sense and respond to their environments – to be receptive and responsive, yet flexible. Recent rapid, human-generated environmental changes are testing the limits of the adaptive capacity of neural systems. This presents an opportunity and an urgency to understand how neurobiological processes, including molecular, cellular, and circuit-level mechanisms, are vulnerable or resilient to changing environmental conditions. We showcase examples that range from molecular to circuit to behavioral levels of analysis across several model species, framing a broad neuroscientific approach to explore topics of neural adaptation, plasticity, and resilience. We believe this emerging scientific area is of great societal and scientific importance and will provide a unique opportunity to reexamine our understanding of neural adaptation and the mechanisms underlying neural resilience.
Histone retention preserves epigenetic marks during heat stress‐induced transcriptional memory in plants
Authors: Pratx Loris , Wendering Philipp , Kappel Christian , Nikoloski Zoran , Bäurle Isabel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPlants often experience recurrent stressful events, for example, during heat waves. They can be primed by heat stress (HS) to improve the survival of more severe heat stress conditions. At certain genes, sustained expression is induced for several days beyond the initial heat stress. This transcriptional memory is associated with hyper‐methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3), but it is unclear how this is maintained for extended periods. Here, we determined histone turnover by measuring the chromatin association of HS‐induced histone H3.3. Genome‐wide histone turnover was not homogenous; in particular, H3.3 was retained longer at heat stress memory genes compared to HS‐induced non‐memory genes during the memory phase. While low nucleosome turnover retained H3K4 methylation, methylation loss did not affect turnover, suggesting that low nucleosome turnover sustains H3K4 methylation, but not vice versa. Together, our results unveil the modulation of histone turnover as a mechanism to retain environmentally mediated epigenetic modifications.