bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behavior in adolescents: the mediating role of future self-continuity and the moderating role of green self-efficacy
Authors: Qin Ziqi , Wu Qi , Bi Cuihua , Deng Yanwei , Hu Qiuyun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Climate change is seriously affecting human survival and development, and the anxiety caused by it is becoming increasingly prominent. How to alleviate people's climate change anxiety, improve the ecological environment, and promote the formation of green lifestyles among people, especially young people, is an important topic worth exploring. This study examined the relationship between climate change anxiety and pro-environment behaviors and the underlying psychological mechanism in the adolescents based on the proposed moderated mediation model.
Methods
This study explored the crucial role of future self-continuity between climate change anxiety (CCA) and pro-environmental behaviors (PEB) in adolescents and examined the moderating role of green self-efficacy. In this study, 1851 middle school students in four grades of junior high school and senior high school were selected for the questionnaire survey.
Results
The results showed that (1) in both middle and high school grades, there was a significant negative correlation between climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behaviors; future self-continuity was significantly positively correlated with pro-environmental behaviors; green self-efficacy was negatively correlated with climate change anxiety and positively correlated with pro-environmental behaviors; (2) climate change anxiety negatively predicted pro-environmental behaviors, and compared with middle school grades, high school grade adolescents' climate change anxiety was significantly predicted pro-environmental behaviors. Future self-continuity mediated the relationship between climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behaviors in both grades. (3) Green self-efficacy moderated the second half of the mediating pathway among middle school-aged adolescents. In contrast, the moderating effect of green self-efficacy was not significant in high school grades. Future self-continuity had a greater impact on pro-environmental behaviors in the high green self-efficacy group compared to the low green self-efficacy group.
Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that there is a moderated mediation model between adolescent climate change anxiety and pro-environmental behaviors, with different mediating and moderating effects among adolescents in various grade levels. This has important implications for targeting the alleviation of adolescent climate anxiety and fostering their pro-environmental behaviors.
Allergic Clinical Symptoms and Distribution of Stimulation Index of Drug Lymphocyte Stimulation Test for Local Anesthetics
Authors: Baba Yukiko , Sato Yu , Takahashi Ken , Ito Takaya , Wakita Ryo , Maeda Shigeru 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
The Drug Lymphocyte Stimulation Test (DLST), recognized for its safety as an allergy diagnostic modality, has been acknowledged for its utility in diagnosing drug-induced pathological conditions. However, reports elucidating DLST outcomes concerning local anesthetics are notably scarce.
Materials and Methods
An exhaustive analysis was conducted on the DLST results pertaining to local anesthetics derived from 571 patients presenting with suspected allergies to these specific agents.
Results
Remarkably, Stimulation Index (SI) > 180% was discerned in 11.4% and 7.8% of patients exhibiting hives or swelling subsequent to the administration of local anesthetics, surpassing the incidence observed in those experiencing post-injection discomfort. Additionally, SI > 300% was observed in 3 cases with lidocaine, 3 cases with prilocaine, and 1 case with mepivacaine. The distribution of SI exhibited a non-normal pattern for all three tested local anesthetics. Noteworthy is the case of a singular patient registering an SI of 184%, who also yielded a positive challenge test, conclusively confirming an allergy to lidocaine.
Conclusions
The DLST, holding promise as a potentially invaluable tool in identifying the causative factors behind adverse reactions to dental local anesthetics, lacks sufficient evidence to substantiate its efficacy definitively at present.
Clinical relevance
DLST, coupled with intradermal testing and challenge testing, may be elucidated in patients exhibiting indicators of suspected local anesthetic allergy.
Addiction treatment and harm reduction programs in prisons: lessons from Iran
Authors: SaberiZafarghandi MohammadBagher , Eshrati Sahar , Shoorsan Ali , Kohzadi Amir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background. Substance use disorder is one of the most prevalent health issues among prison populations. In this regard, the Department of Health and Treatment of the Iranian Prisons has implemented treatment and harm reduction programs in prisons since 2002. The purpose of the present study was to describe the practical experience of implementation of addiction treatment and harm reduction programs in Iran's prisons.Methods. A qualitative cross-sectional study was designed in the present study. Further to library sources, we used face-to-face semi-structure interviews with 11 key informants with question about the evolution of treatment and harm reduction programs in Iranian prisons. We analyzed the data using content analysis method by MAXQDA-10 software.Results. The HIV outbreaks was a challenge in Iranian prisons in the late 18th-century (1999). Policy makers had different responses ranging from denying the issue to solving it according to the abstinence paradigm that was prevailed among the majority of drug experts and politicians, and finally to issuing a legal amendment based on evidence-based health literature. Although, at first, financial problems and lack of human resources hindered the implementation of large scale harm reduction measures, the extent and quality of these programs rapidly improved. Recently, these programs in Iranian prisons are a unique model of health in the Persian Gulf region. The main treatment and harm reduction programs in Iranian prisons were methadone maintenance treatment and setting up triangular clinics. Also, the national program for diagnosing HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis in prison were provided by the collaboration of medical sciences universities.Conclusion. One of the main measures to provide evidence-based health interventions in prisons is the advocating for policy reform to implementation and expand harm reduction-based approaches. Providing evidence-based treatment and harm reduction programs in prisons and after inmates’ release into the community can significantly reduce health costs.
Changes in serum tumor marker levels are efficient predictors of complete response in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab
Authors: Takeuchi Yasuto , Sue Masahiko , Adachi Takuya , Onishi Hideki , Takaki Akinobu , Nouso Kazuhiro , Kariyama Kazuya , Kuwaki Kenji , Toshimori Jyunichi , Iwado Shota , Moriya Akio , Hagihara Hiroaki , Takabatake Hiroyuki , Tada Toshifumi , Yasunaka Tetsuya , Sakata Masahiro , Otsuka Motoyuki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background and aims: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy is recommended as first-line regimen for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). Complete response (CR) is now being experienced at a consistent rate. This study aimed to identify predictive factors for CR.Methods A retrospective analysis of 319 patients with uHCC in whom atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy was introduced at our and joint research institutions from October 2020 to August 2023.Results Nineteen patients (6.0%) achieved CR. Multivariate analysis identified a Child–Pugh score 5 and decrease in alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels of more than 20% at 3 weeks as significant and independent determinants of achieving CR. Sixteen of the 19 patients (84.2%) maintained a cancer-free status. Cancer-free patients had a significantly higher proportion of lower levels of Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP isoform (AFP-L3) at CR. Patients with AFL-L3 values of 15% or higher at CR had a significantly lower duration of response (log-rank test, P = 0.032).Conclusions Changes in AFP levels are important predictors of CR achievement in atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy. AFP-L3 levels are important for predicting maintenance of the therapeutic response.
Suture Button Systems for Coronoid Fracture Fixation: A Biomechanical Time-Zero Pilot Study
Authors: Lappen Sebastian , Kadantsev Pavel , Bohnet Daniel , Geyer Stephanie , Hinz Maximilian , Max Christian , Braun Sepp , Siebenlist Sebastian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to describe a fixation technique for coronoid fractures using suture buttons, and to biomechanically evaluate this technique in comparison to screw fixation as a time-zero pilot study.
Methods: An O'Driscoll type 2 anteromedial coronoid facet (AMCF) fracture was simulated in 20 fresh-frozen human elbows. The specimens were randomized into two groups and fracture fixation was performed with either a suture button system or a 3.5 mm cannulated screw. Ultimate load-to-failure (N) was then tested for each specimen.
Results: The mean load-to-failure was 322.6 ± 75.9 N for suture button fixation and 314.2 ± 85.9 N for screw fixation. The differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.432). Additional fracturing of the coronoid fragment was observed in two specimens with screw fixation.
Conclusion: Promising biomechanical evaluations show that this fixation technique using suture buttons in the treatment of coronoid fractures provides equal construct stability as screw fixation. Further studies are required to fully validate this procedure.
Multi-dataset study on neoadjuvant treatment-related prognostic model and molecular network mechanism of locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Su Wenzhao , Wu Yong , Xing Chungen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Backgrounds
Local advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is a common disease occurrence in clinical settings due to its unique anatomical location and treatment approach. The effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) plays a crucial role in determining the appropriate treatment and prognosis for patients. Currently, there exists no universally acknowledged benchmark for prognosticating the effectiveness of neoadjuvant therapy. Our study obtained the GSE150082 dataset from the NCBI Geo Public Database, consisting of expression profile data for 39 groups of patients who either responded to nCRT or did not. Differential gene analysis was performed using the Limma package with a significance threshold of p < 0.05 and |log fold change| > 0.585. The functions and pathways associated with the differentially expressed genes were analyzed, and a protein interaction network was constructed using Cytoscape software. Additionally, the TCGA data was used to identify prognostic-related genes from the differential genes through Cox univariate regression and the lasso regression algorithm. Predictive models were then constructed and validated using both internal and external datasets.
Results
A total of 633 differentially expressed genes associated with nCRT were identified, comprising 238 up-regulated and 395 down-regulated genes. These genes are predominantly enriched in pathways related to innate immune response, regulation of biological stimulus-response, and cell activation. The results from gene screening and the construction of a predictive model demonstrate the model's efficacy in effectively distinguishing between high- and low-risk patients. This predictive capability was validated in both the training set and an external validation set. Additionally, an analysis of the relationship between the risk score and immune infiltration in the tumor microenvironment unveiled a potential molecular mechanism, suggesting that the risk score may impact patient prognosis by modulating specific immune cell populations and immune-related genes.
Conclusions
MCOLN3、CINP、HAND2 and CCDC85A might be the identified key genes and play a critical role in several pathways associated with response to nCRT. Furthermore, a risk score model was constructed based on prognosis-related genes, providing potential molecular markers and therapeutic targets for personalized strategies in nCRT. Our findings could potentially offer a fresh and innovative outlook for future treatment for patients with LARC.
Examination of Cardiac Functions During Acute Attack and Remission Period in Children With Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Gunay Yusuf , Karagozlu Fatih , Gemici Sanem , Yilmaz Sukran Seyma , Sahin Sezgin , Barut Kenan , Kasapcopur Ozgur , Dedeoglu Reyhan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disease characterized by recurring serosal inflammation. Cardiac involvement in FMF commonly manifests as pericarditis and pericardial effusion, however there is limited research on myocardial function. This study aimed to assess cardiac functions during active inflammation and remission periods of FMF patients and investigate the cardiac effects of inflammation during the attack period.
Methods
Thirty-eight FMF patients without additional cardiac diseases were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, family history, and MEFV gene analysis results were obtained retrospectively. Blood tests, blood pressure measurements, electrocardiogram evaluations, conventional echocardiography, and speckle-tracking echocardiography were performed during the attack and remission periods. Disease severity was assessed using the Pras scoring system.
Results
During the attack period, FMF patients exhibited significantly higher leukocyte count, neutrophil count, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate compared to the remission period (p < 0.005). Speckle-tracking echocardiography revealed decreased function in the inferior segments of the left ventricle during the attack period (p < 0.005). Right ventricular function was more affected in the moderate disease group. FMF patients with lymphopenia during the attack demonstrated more impaired right ventricular function compared to those with normal lymphocyte count.
Conclusions
FMF patients experience cardiac abnormalities during active inflammation, highlighting the importance of monitoring cardiac functions in these patients. Speckle-tracking echocardiography can provide valuable insights into cardiac involvement in FMF. These findings emphasize the cardiac impact of FMF inflammation and the significance of long-term cardiac function monitoring in the management of FMF patients.
“You go an extra mile”: a qualitative study of community health worker perspectives in a health promotion intervention in urban South Africa
Authors: Draper Catherine E , Soepnel Larske , Mabetha Khuthala , Motlhatlhedi Molebogeng , Nkosi Nokuthula , Lye Stephen J , Norris Shane A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
As part of the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative in South Africa, the Bukhali health promotion intervention is being implemented by community health workers (CHW’s) with young women in urban Soweto. The perspectives of these CHW’s have not been fully explored
Methods
A qualitative study was conducted to describe CHW’s perspectives and experiences of delivering the Bukhali intervention. Three focus groups were conducted with the 13 CHWs employed at the time of the study, and a thematic approach was taken to data analysis.
Results
Themes identified included: contextual realities for participants and CHWs, building relationships with participants, workload, emotional toll, and learning and development. Since they are recruited from Soweto, CHWs experienced similar contextual challenges to participants, and have to manage multiple roles, including health promotion and education, referral and support within the health system, counselling (although out of their scope of work), and data recording. The findings indicate the critical role CHWs play in building relationships with participants, especially establishing trust. Many CHWs spoke about going beyond what was expected in their role, which sometimes involved taking participants to medical facilities, and sharing resources with their participants. They spoke about the emotional toll of managing these relationships, their workload, and particularly the need for resilience and boundaries. CHWs experienced learning and development in their role as positive.
Conclusions
These findings provide a voice for these CHWs, but they also offer important learning of the implementation of the Bukhali intervention within the context of Soweto, as well as, future potential scale-up of CHW-delivered interventions in South Africa and other low- and middle-income countries.
The comparative evaluation of biofilm production and antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates
Authors: Ekselli Servet , Çiftci Alper 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance profiles, the genes which play roles for biofilm and antibiotic resistances of 48 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates isolated from different clinical samples. The identifications of the P.aeruginosa isolates were confirmed with PCR. The antibiotic resistances against 8 antibiotics were determined by Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method. The biofilm formations of the isolates were investigated in vitro with Congo Red Agar, Modified Tube Adherence (Christensen) and Micro plate Methods. The isolates which were found as positive with three methods were genotyped with RAPD-PCR. pelA, lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR,PA0756, PA0757, PA2070 and PA5033 genes were investigated with using PCR. The antibiotic resistance rates of the isolates among enrofloxacine, ceftriaxone, amoxicilline-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, colistin, gentamycin, and azithromycin were found as 16.67%, 60.42%, 100%, 10.42%, 29.17%, 4.17%, 12.5% and %97.9, respectively. The biofilm formation ratios were determined as 83,33% with CRA, 93.75% with Christensen method and 64.58% with micro plate method. pelA, lasI, rhlI and rhlR were carried by all the isolates. lasR gene was found in %97.92 of the isolates. Fortysix (95.83%) of the isolates carried PA0756 and PA0757. Fortyfive (93.75%) of the isolates were found as positive for PA2070 and PA5033 genes. The phylogenetic relations of the biofilm positive isolates were calculated as 56–93%. The biofilm formation and multiple antibiotic resistance rates were found as high in the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. The widespread and advanced studies thought to be performed for the lightening of this situation and biofilm related antibiotic resistances.
Mean-field analysis of synaptic alterations underlying deficient cortical gamma oscillations in schizophrenia
Authors: Song Deying , Chung Daniel W. , Ermentrout G. Bard 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Deficient gamma oscillations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) are proposed to arise from alterations in the excitatory drive to fast-spiking interneurons (E → I) and in the inhibitory drive from these interneurons to excitatory neurons (I→E). Consistent with this idea, prior postmortem studies showed lower levels of molecular and structural markers for the strength of E→I and I→E synapses and also greater variability in E→I synaptic strength in PFC of SZ. Moreover, simulating these alterations in a network of quadratic integrate-and-fire (QIF) neurons revealed a synergistic effect of their interactions on reducing gamma power. In this study, we aimed to investigate the dynamical nature of this synergistic interaction at macroscopic level by deriving a mean-field description of the QIF model network that consists of all-to-all connected excitatory neurons and fast-spiking interneurons. Through a series of numerical simulations and bifurcation analyses, findings from our mean-field model showed that the macroscopic dynamics of gamma oscillations are synergistically disrupted by the interactions among lower strength of E→I and I→E synapses and greater variability in E→I synaptic strength. Furthermore, the two-dimensional bifurcation analyses showed that this synergistic interaction is primarily driven by the shift in Hopf bifurcation due to lower E→I synaptic strength. Together, these simulations predict the nature of dynamical mechanisms by which multiple synaptic alterations interact to robustly reduce PFC gamma power in SZ, and highlight the utility of mean-field model to study macroscopic neural dynamics and their alterations in the illness.
Maternal Insulinemic and Inflammatory Dietary Patterns and Risk of Child Neurodevelopmental Delay
Authors: Wang Haixia , Yin Wanjun , Zu Ping , Zhang Lei , Chen Xianxia , Zhu Peng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Insulin response, inflammation, and hyperglycemia are important factors contributing to impaired neural development. However, the relationship between higher insulinemic, inflammatory, and hyperglycemia potential in the diet during pregnancy, and delayed neurodevelopment in children remains unclear. This study explored whether maternal dietary patterns promoting hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, or hyperglycemia may influence child neurodevelopmental delay risk.
Methods
We calculated dietary scores from initial food frequency questionnaires completed by 7,438 pregnant women participating in the Maternal and Infant Health Cohort Study in Hefei (MIH-Hefei). The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to evaluate the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) during mid-pregnancy. Child developmental assessment was conducted at 6–36 months postpartum.
Results
We documented 540 incident child neurodevelopmental delay cases over 7,438 pregnant women. Pregnant women exhibiting the high levels of hyperinsulinemic or proinflammatory components, or GI encountered an elevated risk of child neurodevelopmental delay; the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for comparing the highest and lowest dietary indices quintiles were as follows: EDIH 1.48(1.07,2.04; P trend = 0.017), EDIP 1.39(1.05,1.84; P trend = 0.019) and GI 1.36(1.02,1.81; P trend = 0.038). In sex-stratified analyses, these results remained significant only in boys. The performance of combined model of EDIH and EDIP for boys is comparable to that of the combined model of EDIH, EDIP, and GI to assess the risk of neurodevelopmental delay (AUC 0.801 vs. AUC 0.830). Both values are higher than the AUC values achieved by models using either set of indictors individually.
Conclusion
In this prospective cohort study, the maternal consumption of high insulinemic potential diet, high inflammatory potential diet, or high glycemic index diet is related to child neurodevelopmental delay, particularly amongst boys. Higher insulinemic and inflammatory potentials within the maternal diet could potentially forecast child neurodevelopmental delay among boys.