bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute adverse events of ultra-hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation after breast-conserving surgery for early breast cancer in Japan: an interim analysis of the multi-institutional phase II UPBEAT study
Authors: Tokuda Peter J. K. , Mitsuyoshi Takamasa , Ono Yuka , Kishi Takahiro , Negoro Yoshiharu , Okumura Setsuko , Ikeda Itaru , Sakamoto Takashi , Kokubo Yumi , Ashida Ryo , Imagumbai Toshiyuki , Yamashita Mikiko , Tanabe Hiroaki , Takebe Sayaka , Tokiwa Mariko , Suzuki Eiji , Yamauchi Chikako , Yoshimura Michio , Mizowaki Takashi , Kokubo Masaki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The applicability of ultra-hypofractionated (ultra-HF) whole-breast irradiation (WBI) remains unknown in Japanese women. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this approach among Japanese women and report the results of an interim analysis performed to assess acute adverse events (AEs) and determine whether it was safe to continue this study.
Methods
We enrolled Japanese women with invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ who had undergone breast-conserving surgery, were aged ≥ 40 years, had pathological stages of Tis–T3 N0–N1, and had negative surgical margins. Ultra-HF-WBI was delivered at 26 Gy in five fractions over one week. When the number of enrolled patients reached 28, patient registration was paused for three months. The endpoint of the interim analysis was the proportion of acute AEs of grade ≥ 2 (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0) within three months.
Results
Of the 28 patients enrolled from seven institutes, 26 received ultra-HF-WBI, and 2 were excluded due to postoperative infections. No AEs of grade ≥ 3 occurred. One patient (4%) experienced grade 2 radiation dermatitis, and 18 (69%) had grade 1 radiation dermatitis. The other acute grade 1 AEs experienced were skin hyperpigmentation (n = 10, 38%); breast pain (n = 4, 15%); superficial soft tissue fibrosis (n = 3, 12%); and fatigue (n = 1, 4%). No other acute AEs of grade ≥ 2 were detected.
Conclusions
Acute AEs following ultra-HF-WBI were within acceptable limits among Japanese women, indicating that the continuation of the study was appropriate.
Purification of polluted air from toluene vapor using catalytic oxidation and photocatalytic methods
Authors: Khoshpasand Fatemeh , keshavarz Mehrdad , Nikpay Ahmad , madandar Maryam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
: Indoor air quality and it’s side effects have increased the prevalence of emerging diseases and cancer. Due to its widespread use in industrial products, Toluene is an organic solvent that has a high potential for release and various health effects. Various methods, including catalytic oxidation and photocatalytic oxidation, have been proposed to limit VOCs in indoor environments. One of the most effective and cost-effective catalysts used in air purification is manganese oxides (MnxOy), which are effective in converting organic compounds into water, carbon dioxide, and other low-risk compounds at room temperature. Photocatalytic oxidation of pollutants is also economically and environmentally popular.
Material and methods
The aim of this study was compared the efficiency of catalytic oxidation and photocatalytic removal of toluene from polluted air at room temperature on aluminum mesh in a glass reactor with dimensions of 20 cm height, 7 cm outer diameter, and 6 cm inner diameter. After preparing the surface of the used beds, the airflow containing pollutants was introduced into the beds, and the concentration of toluene was measured before and after of pass through from bed surface. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and efficiency and capacity equations.
Results
The results showed a reduction in toluene concentration by catalytic and photocatalytic methods at room temperature. The photocatalytic reactor had better removal efficiency at a high flow rate (5.45 L/min) and low concentration (4.27 ppm), while MnO2 had better performance at a medium concentration (13.87 ppm) and flow rate (3.30 L/min), and KMnO4 had better performance at high concentration (44.28 ppm) and flow rate (5.48 L/min).
Conclusion
Catalytic oxidation and photocatalytic methods have suitable efficiency and capability for removing volatile organic compounds at low concentrations that we mainly face in indoor environments. We can choose the desired surface area for catalytic or photocatalytic beds depending on the pollutant concentration and flow rate.
Dynamic Doubled-handed sign language Recognition for deaf and dumb people using Vision Transformers
Authors: Vaidhya G. K. , Anand G. Paavai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Sign language is an effective communication tool to convey information to each other, that is a bridge to reduce the communication gap between deaf and dumb people. The word level sign language recognition is a challenging task due to the wide range of body gestures, unidentified signals and hand configuration. To overcome this issue, a novel Inverted Residual Network Convolutional Vision Transformer based Mutation Boosted Tuna Swarm Optimization (IRNCViT-MBTSO) algorithm is proposed for recognizing double-handed sign language. The proposed dataset is designed to identify different dynamic words and the predicted images are preprocessed to enhance the generalization ability of the model and improve image quality. The local features are extracted after performing feature graining and the global features are captured from the preprocessed images by implementing the ViT transformer model. These extracted features are concatenated to generate a feature map and are classified into different dynamic words using the Inverted Residual Feed Forward Network (IRFFN). The TSO algorithm tunes the parameters of the IRNCViT model that is responsible for handling high-dimensional problems and convergence issues. The Mutation operator is introduced in this optimization phase to escape local optimum issues while updating the position of tuna. The performance valuation of this proposed model is performed in terms of recognition accuracy, convergence and visual output of the dataset that showed the highest performance than other state-of-the-art methods.
Robust Storm Surge Forecasts for Early Warning System: A Machine Learning Approach Using Adaptive Monte Carlo Bayesian Model Selection Algorithm
Authors: Macdonald Euan , Tubaldi Enrico , Patelli Edoardo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Machine-learning based methods are increasingly employed for the prediction of storm surges and development of early warning systems for coastal flooding. The evaluation of the quality of such methods need to explicitly consider the uncertainty of the prediction, which may stem from the inaccuracy in the forecasted inputs to the model as well as from the uncertainty inherent to the model itself. Defining the range of validity of the prediction is essential for the correct application of such models.
Here, a methodology is proposed for building a robust model for forecasting storm surges accounting for the relevant sources of uncertainty. The model uses as inputs the mean sea level pressure and wind velocity components at 10 m above sea level. A set of Artificial Neural Networks are used in conjunction with an adaptive Bayesian model selection process to make robust storm surge forecast predictions with associated confidence intervals. The input uncertainty, characterised by comparing hindcast data and one day forecasted data, is propagated through the model via a Monte Carlo based approach.
The application of the proposed methodology is illustrated by considering 24 hour target forecast predictions of storm surges for Millport, in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland, UK. It is shown that the proposed approach improves significantly the predictive performance of existing Artificial Neural Network based models and provides a meaningful confidence interval that characterises both model and input uncertainty.
Ultrasound-guided lateral versus posterior quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: a retrospective study
Authors: Xi Peng , Hu Jiamin , Sui Junhao , Zhang Pei , Hou Jiong , Wang Heng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective To compare the postoperative 24-hour opioid consumption and pain relief between unilateral single-shot lateral and posterior quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN). Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: A tertiary hospital. Interventions: Quadratus lumborum block. RAPN was performed under general anesthesia plus lateral QLB (n = 219) or posterior QLB (n = 201) for analgesia. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The primary outcome was postoperative cumulative sufentanil consumption at 24 and 48 hours. The secondary outcomes were visual analog scale (VAS) scores, time to first rescue analgesia, and intraoperative sufentanil consumption. Adverse effects and complications were also assessed. Results The postoperative 24-hour cumulative sufentanil consumption was significantly lower in the posterior QLB group 54.315[50.306–58.140](54.8 [51.7–59.5]) compared to the lateral QLB group (56.9 [49.1–65.8]) 55.913[48.675–62.595](P = 0.042). However, this difference was not noticed at for the 48-hour cumulative consumption. There were also no significant differences in postoperative VAS scores and time to first rescue analgesia between the two groups, although the postoperative BCS scores were significant higher in the lateral QLB group. Posterior QLB had a higher incidence of intraoperative ephedrine use, while lateral QLB was associated with a higher proportion of ipsilateral lower limb weakness. No significant differences were found in adverse effects or complications. Conclusions Posterior QLB was associated with modestly lower postoperative opioid consumption compared to lateral QLB in RAPN, although the difference was modest. Both techniques provided comparable pain relief.
AFS-BM: Enhancing Model Performance through Adaptive Feature Selection with Binary Masking
Authors: Turali Mehmet Y. , Lorasdagi Mehmet E. , Koc Ali T. , Kozat Suleyman S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the problem of feature selection in general machine learning (ML) context, which is one of the most critical subjects in the field. Although, there exist many feature selection methods, however, these methods face challenges such as scalability, managing high-dimensional data, dealing with correlated features, adapting to variable feature importance, and integrating domain knowledge. To this end, we introduce the ``Adaptive Feature Selection with Binary Masking" (AFS-BM) which remedies these problems. AFS-BM achieves this by joint optimization for simultaneous feature selection and model training. In particular, we do the joint optimization and binary masking to continuously adapt the set of features and model parameters during the training process. This approach leads to significant improvements in model accuracy and a reduction in computational requirements. We provide an extensive set of experiments where we compare AFS-BM with the established feature selection methods using well-known datasets from real-life competitions. Our results show that AFS-BM makes significant improvement in terms of accuracy and requires significantly less computational complexity. This is due to AFS-BM's ability to dynamically adjust to the changing importance of features during the training process, which an important contribution to the field. We openly share our code for the replicability of our results and to facilitate further research.
Comparison of efficacy between Kocher's wire and hollow screw internal fixation after pediatric supracondylar humeral fracture osteotomy
Authors: Li JiaHui , Deng Hansheng , Qiu Xin , Huang Zilong , Gu Zhenkun , chen Yang , Wu Zhaohan , Luo Jingtong , Feng Haoran , Chen Jianlin , Liu Shizhe , Wang Shuaiyin , Wu Dechao , Caggiari Gianfilippo , You Chao , Fu Guibing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In post-traumatic cubitus valgus osteotomy, conventional internal fixation methods typically involve the use of Kirschner wires (K-wires). Nevertheless, with advancements in medical technology and a growing demand for robust internal fixation, surgeons are increasingly opting for hollow screws. Despite this trend, controversy remains regarding whether hollow screws are superior to K-wires, particularly in pediatric patients with open epiphyses. This study aimed to compare the clinical treatment outcomes and complications of K-wires and hollow screws as internal fixation methods in post-traumatic cubitus valgus osteotomy procedure in pediatric patients with open epiphyses.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of surgical treatments administered to pediatric patients with post-traumatic cubitus valgus at our institution between 2010 and 2022. A total of 89 pediatric patients meeting the inclusion criteria were categorized into the K-wire (group A, 54 patients) and hollow screw (group B, 35 patients) groups based on the internal fixation method used during osteotomy. Comparative analyses were performed on demographic characteristics, imaging results, postoperative complications, hospitalization duration, and plaster and internal fixation duration between the groups. Treatment outcomes were assessed using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS).
Results
Compared to pediatric patients in group B, those in group A exhibited shorter durations of plaster and internal fixation but an extended hospital stay. On the final follow-up radiographs, significantly smaller humerus-Cobb angles and lateral prominence indices (LP) were observed for patients in group A than those for patients in group B. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of postoperative fixation angle loss. Additionally, the MEPS scores did not show any statistically significant differences. During the 6-month follow-up period, no statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of complications such as scar proliferation, restricted movement, residual deformity, pain, recurrent fractures, and lateral prominence of the epicondyle.
Conclusion
For young children with significant growth potential, K-wires demonstrated superior advantages over hollow screws. Moreover, compared with hollow screws, K-wires reduce postoperative discomfort and the risk of complications, providing a more reliable safety assurance for selecting K-wires in young children.
What affects the career choice of medical students?
Authors: Öncü Selcen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:Career choice is a critical decision that may be affected by various factors. Being physician have always been attractive and preferred, although studying medicine may be challenging. Medical faculties all aim to graduate well-trained physicians. This may be possible with motivated students willing to be good physicians. Therefore, it is important to know students' perceptions and motivations for choosing medicine. The objective of this study was to explore the factors affecting first-year medical students' choice of medical school.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The data were collected from 297 first-year medical school students using an online questionnaire. Chi-square tests, t tests and ANOVA were used to analyse the data, and the significance level was p<0.05.
Results: The most important factors affecting the students' choices were their own desires, belief that they would be good physicians, high morale satisfaction in medicine, employment guarantees and good financial income. However, the perception that physicians are not paid well and inappropriate working conditions are the most significant factors for students’ hesitation to choose medical school. The female participants were more influenced by personal factors, while the male participants were more influenced by good financial income.
Conclusions:This study is important for understanding the complex process of career choice in medicine. This may help policymakers develop strategies for attracting and retaining the medical profession, medical educators in curriculum design, teaching methods and motivating students in medical education.
Modified Horton Method Based on Field Work During Intermittent Rainfall
Authors: Kencanawati Martheana , Maulana Mahendra Andiek 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Infiltration can be identified as the critical processes in the hydrological process. Infiltration affects the vertical distribution of rainwater on surface water and significantly distresses between groundwater and surface water. Infiltration is one of an important parameters that could affect and increase the runoff. In advance, the Horton Method is the most widely used in hydrology infiltration models for fields research than the others. The objective of this study was to determine a relationship between infiltration capacity and runoff flow to improve the Horton infiltration equation during intermittent rainfall by field work. Research area was located Lanang sub-catchment, Kediri, East Java. Double ring infiltrometer was used to determine field infiltration rate. Land use and soil type maps were used to categorize sampling area and type of soil. Intermittent rainfall data was measured from rain gauge in the study area. According to the analysis, the capacity of infiltration decreases equal to a constant value and the results of infiltration rate from a double ring infiltrometer value obtained was 90 mm/hour at the upstream area. In the other hands, the downstream area resulted 26,4 mm/hour of infiltration rate or 30% out of upstream area value
A Comparative Analysis of the different HIV Testing Techniques used in Zambia: Data from a Clinical Performance Study
Authors: Mukuka Loveness , Theo Andros , Simushi Precious , Zambwe Mowa , Chipimo Peter J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
Early detection of HIV means early identification of people living with HIV, who are immediately linked to care and antiretroviral therapy. This decreases transmission of the virus, which reduces HIV new infection rates. The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of different HIV testing strategies used in Zambia.
Results
A quantitative descriptive approach was used to analyze samples of 2564 participants within Lusaka district. 2564 participants were subjected to OraQuick ADVANCE Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test and Abbot Determine™ HIV-1/2 antibody test, if Reactive, they were tested on Uni-Gold™ Recombigen® HIV-1/2 rapid test as a confirmatory RDT. The samples sent to the Laboratory were tested on fourth generation Abbot ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo and then confirmed on Genscreen™ ULTRA HIV Ag-Ab. The Abbot ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo fourth generation assay was used as the gold standard to compare the other tests. OraQuick ADVANCE Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test detected 245 reactive tests, Abbot Determine™ HIV-1/2 antibody test detected 249 reactive tests, all reactive tests on the first two RDTs were confirmed on Uni-Gold™ Recombigen® HIV-1/2 rapid test which detected 247 Reactive and 2 Non-Reactive. The fourth generation reference test -ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo detected 2297 Non-Reactive and 267 Reactive tests.
Conclusion
The results indicate that the rapid tests false negatives are high and a 4th generation Rapid test to the testing algorithm is vital. This will increase total number of Positive results being missed be accounted for.
Exploring the Prevalence and Awareness of Dyscalculia Among Grade 10 Learners: A Case Study
Authors: TIBANE CARLIT CASEY , MHLONGO THABO , MAFA THELEDI OLIVIA NEO 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study investigates Dyscalculia prevalence and awareness among Grade 10 learners employing a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative analysis using a Dyscalculia standardized test reveals a concerning prevalence of below-average mathematical skills across various domains. Focused group interviews provide qualitative insights into learners' shared struggles and frustrations with mathematics. The study highlights negative perceptions, impacting attitudes and overall academic experiences. Additionally, it exposes a critical gap in teacher awareness and training. The findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions, effective teaching strategies, and increased teacher awareness to enhance mathematics education for learners facing mathematical learning difficulties. The research contributes valuable insights to inform policy decisions and create a more inclusive learning environment for all learners, including those with Dyscalculia.
Soybean peptide preparation and its protective effect on IPEC-J2 cell injury induced by H2O2
Authors: Lu Fushan , Yin Qingqiang , Wang Xiao , Xu Lijuan , Liu Mengjie , Zhang Qian , Sheng Hai , Liu Chaoqi , Wang Ping , Wang Lijun , Jin Sanjun , Li Xinxin , Chang Juan , Zhu Qun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The study aimed to illustrate the protective effect of soybean peptides (SBP) on intestinal porcine epithelial cell (IPEC-J2) damage induced by H2O2. SBP were prepared by protease hydrolysis. Cell experiment included four groups: Control, SBP incubation, H2O2 treatment, SBP + H2O2 groups. This study showed that cell viability was significantly decreased when H2O2 concentration was increased. However, the cells pretreated with SBP (100 µg/mL) for 12 h followed by H2O2 treatment at 1mM for 1 h significantly increased cell viability and antioxidant enzyme activity, decreased cell apoptosis, compared with the single H2O2–induced cells. Moreover, the mRNA abundances of Bax, Caspase-3 and Nrf2 were significantly down-regulated; while the mRNA abundances of ZO-1, claudin-1, occludin, catalase, GSH-Px1, SOD1, HO-1 and NQO-1 were significantly up-regulated in SBP + H2O2 group, compared with the single H2O2 group. This study indicated that SBP pretreatment alleviated H2O2-induced cell oxidative stress and protected intestinal cell integrity.
Evaluation of Cruise Control Model based MCDM
Authors: Al-Rubaiee Mustafa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this article Proportional Integral Derivative Acceleration (PIDA) controller has been presented with Jaya Optimization Algorithm (JOA) to improve that performance for given Cruise Control System. For made greatest performance for the proposed model to make a comparison with the conventional P-I-D controller that could being achieve such the suitable stability for resolve the execution for overall Cruise Control System, additionally to create a step response of change compared with different optimized algorithms like PSO algorithm. The Jaya Optimization Algorithm (JOA) with P-I-D-A controller is utilized for solve that efficiency work for Cruise System model for reduce overall error for controlled system. The controlled model was achieved using MATLAB-Simulink.