bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social determinants of long-term reported changes in physical activity and healthy eating during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: multiple cross-sectional surveys analysis from the iCARE study
Authors: O'Connor Sarah , Bélanger-Gravel Ariane ,   for the iCARE study team
Published: October 2023

The long-term consequences of COVID-19 on healthy behaviours (physical activity practice and healthy eating) among Canadians remain largely unexplored. The objectives were (i) to describe the proportion of Canadians who reported a change in healthy behaviours, 9 and 20 months since the beginning of COVID-19; and (ii) to identify the social determinants associated with healthy behaviour changes. Using two representative Canadian surveys from the International COVID-19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation study (January 2021, n = 3000; November 2021, n = 3002), reported changes in healthy behaviours were assessed as follows: “In general, how have the following behaviours changed since the start of COVID-19?”: (1) Increase; (2) No change; and (3) Decrease. The association between individual determinants and changes in healthy behaviours was analyzed using weighted univariate polytomous logistic regression models. In January 2021, 41% and 22% of respondents reported a decline in physical activity and healthy eating, respectively, while in November 2021, 34% and 20% of respondents reported a decline in physical activity and healthy eating, respectively. The main determinants associated with changes in healthy behaviours were younger age (18–25 years), area of residency, student status, changes in bodyweight, financial concerns/insecurity, anxiety/depression, and ethnicity. Changes in healthy behaviours were also associated with household composition, presence of chronic diseases, and occupation. In sum, this study depicted long-term changes in healthy behaviours during COVID-19, with differential changes according to social determinants of health. This study highlighted the presence of health inequalities in Canada during COVID-19 and supports the implementation of personalized programs in prevention of healthy behaviour degradation.
Yang-Baxter deformations of the $$GL(2,{\mathbb {R}})$$ WZW model and non-Abelian T-duality
Authors: Eghbali Ali , Parvizi Tayebe , Rezaei-Aghdam Adel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBy calculating inequivalent classical r-matrices for the $$gl(2,{\mathbb {R}})$$

g
l
(
2
,
R
)

Lie algebra as solutions of (modified) classical Yang-Baxter equation ((m)CYBE), we classify the YB deformations of Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) model on the $$GL(2,{\mathbb {R}})$$

G
L
(
2
,
R
)

Lie group in twelve inequivalent families. Most importantly, it is shown that each of these models can be obtained from a Poisson-Lie T-dual $$\sigma $$
σ
-model in the presence of the spectator fields when the dual Lie group is considered to be Abelian, i.e. all deformed models have Poisson-Lie symmetry just as undeformed WZW model on the $$GL(2,{\mathbb {R}})$$

G
L
(
2
,
R
)

. In this way, all deformed models are specified via spectator-dependent background matrices. For one case, the dual background is clearly found.
Acahualinca, Nicaragua, a scientifically significant site of ancient human footprints in the New World
Authors: Lucas Spencer G. , Espinoza Edgar , Alvarado Guillermo E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Ancient human footprints have been known from Managua, Nicaragua, since the 1880s. The main footprint site, long preserved in the Acahualinca Tracks Museum (
Huellas de Acahualinca
), reveals hundreds of human footprints that represent a minimum of 12 clearly defined trackways and a trampled trail or path. Deer, opossum and bird tracks are also present at Acahualinca, and bison and tapir tracks have been documented from the nearby and stratigraphically equivalent El Recreo site. The age of the Acahualinca footprints is controversial, but the best current estimate is about 2–2.2 ka BP. The Acahualinca site is one of the most scientifically important human footprint sites known from the Holocene. It exhibits footprints that are very abundant, well-preserved, accessible for study and part of a large sample that demonstrates variation within a single population. The Acahualinca site has historical, cultural and archaeological importance in preserving at least two intervals of human occupation, that of the footprints and of the ceramics in much younger layers. Its significance to anthropology and palaeontology as a sub-fossil footprint locality is clear and the volcanological history of the area is intimately related to determining the age and the circumstances of footprint registration at Acahualinca. The Acahualinca footprints merit geoheritage status.
Cluster Editing Parameterized above Modification-disjoint
P
3
-packings
Authors: Li Shaohua , Pilipczuk Marcin , Sorge Manuel 
Published: October 2023

Given a graph
G
=(
V,E
) and an integer
k
, the
Cluster Editing
problem asks whether we can transform
G
into a union of vertex-disjoint cliques by at most
k
modifications (edge deletions or insertions). In this paper, we study the following variant of
Cluster Editing
. We are given a graph
G
= (
V,E
), a packing ℋ of modification-disjoint induced
P
3
s (no pair of
P
3
s in ℋ share an edge or non-edge) and an integer ℓ. The task is to decide whether
G
can be transformed into a union of vertex-disjoint cliques by at most ℓ +|ℋ| modifications (edge deletions or insertions). We show that this problem is NP-hard even when ℓ = 0 (in which case the problem asks to turn
G
into a disjoint union of cliques by performing exactly one edge deletion or insertion per element of ℋ) and when each vertex is in at most 23
P
3
s of the packing. This answers negatively a question of van Bevern, Froese, and Komusiewicz (CSR 2016, ToCS 2018), repeated by C. Komusiewicz at Shonan meeting no. 144 in March 2019. We then initiate the study to find the largest integer
c
such that the problem remains tractable when restricting to packings such that each vertex is in at most
c
packed
P
3
s. Here packed
P
3
s are those belonging to the packing ℋ. Van Bevern et al. showed that the case
c
= 1 is fixed-parameter tractable with respect to ℓ and we show that the case
c
= 2 is solvable in |
V
|

2ℓ +
O
(1)

time.
The BRD4–NUT Fusion Alone Drives Malignant Transformation of NUT Carcinoma
Authors: Durall R. Taylor , Huang Julianna , Wojenski Luke , Huang Yeying , Gokhale Prafulla C. , Leeper Brittaney A. , Nash Joshua O. , Ballester Pedro L. , Davidson Scott , Shlien Adam , Sotirakis Emmanuel , Bertaux Fabien , Dubus Vincent , Luo Jia , Wu Catherine J. , Keskin Derin B. , Eagen Kyle P. , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , French Christopher A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

NUT carcinoma (NC) is an aggressive squamous carcinoma defined by the BRD4–NUT fusion oncoprotein. Routinely effective systemic treatments are unavailable for most NC patients. The lack of an adequate animal model precludes identifying and leveraging cell-extrinsic factors therapeutically in NC. Here, we created a genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of NC that forms a Brd4::NUTM1 fusion gene upon tamoxifen induction of Sox2-driven Cre. The model displayed complete disease penetrance, with tumors arising from the squamous epithelium weeks after induction and all mice succumbing to the disease shortly thereafter. Closely resembling human NC (hNC), GEMM tumors (mNC) were poorly differentiated squamous carcinomas with high expression of MYC that metastasized to solid organs and regional lymph nodes. Two GEMM-derived cell lines were developed whose transcriptomic and epigenetic landscapes harbored key features of primary GEMM tumors. Importantly, GEMM tumor and cell line transcriptomes co-classified with those of human NC. BRD4–NUT also blocked differentiation and maintained the growth of mNC as in hNC. Mechanistically, GEMM primary tumors and cell lines formed large histone H3K27ac-enriched domains, termed megadomains, that were invariably associated with the expression of key NC-defining proto-oncogenes, Myc and Trp63. Small-molecule BET bromodomain inhibition (BETi) of mNC induced differentiation and growth arrest and prolonged survival of NC GEMMs, as it does in hNC models. Overall, tumor formation in the NC GEMM is definitive evidence that BRD4–NUT alone can potently drive the malignant transformation of squamous progenitor cells into NC.

Significance:
The development of an immunocompetent model of NUT carcinoma that closely mimics the human disease provides a valuable global resource for mechanistic and preclinical studies to improve treatment of this incurable disease.
Racial Disparities in Accessing Care along the Continuum of Cancer Genetic Service Delivery
Authors: Wagner Ingrid M. , Xuan Ziming , Lu Haibo , Wang Catharine 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:
Public health calls to ensure equity in genomics and precision medicine necessitate a closer examination of how these efforts might differentially affect access to genetic services across demographic subgroups. This study set out to examine racial/ethnic disparities along the cancer genetic service delivery continuum.

Methods:
Retrospective data are drawn from 15 clinical sites across 6 U.S. States. Individuals who screened at-risk for hereditary cancer were: (i) referred/scheduled to see a genetic counselor (referral workflow), or (ii) offered genetic testing at the point-of-care (POC testing workflow). Logistic regression analyses evaluated the associations between race/ethnicity and several outcomes including appointment scheduling, genetic counseling, and genetic testing, controlling for demographics, clinical factors, and county-level covariates.

Results:
A total of 14,527 patients were identified at-risk. Genetic testing uptake was significantly higher at POC sites than referral sites (34% POC vs. 11% referral, P &lt; 0.001). Race/ethnicity was significantly associated with testing uptake among all sites, with non-Hispanic Blacks having lower odds of testing compared with non-Hispanic Whites [aOR = 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71–1.00; P = 0.049]. Moreover, this disparity was observed at referral sites, but not POC sites. Among patients scheduled, non-Hispanic Blacks had lower odds of counseling (aOR = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.17–0.47; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that factors influencing genetic counseling show rates may be driving disparities in genetic testing.

Impact:
Strategies to reduce barriers to seeing a genetic counselor, including modifications to clinical workflow, may help mitigate racial/ethnic disparities in genetic testing.
Lenvatinib, Toripalimab plus FOLFOX Chemotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Extrahepatic Metastasis: A Biomolecular Exploratory, Phase II Trial (LTSC)
Authors: He MinKe , Huang YeXing , Du ZeFeng , Lai ZhiCheng , Ouyang Hanyue , Shen JingXian , Wen DongSheng , Li QiJiong , Zhang YaoJun , Wei Wei , Chen MinShan , Xu Li , Kan Anna , Shi Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To investigate the efficacy, safety, and biomarkers of systemic chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX) in combination with lenvatinib and toripalimab as the first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with extrahepatic metastasis.

Patients and Methods:
In this biomolecular exploratory, phase II trial, eligible patients underwent the triple combination therapy of lenvatinib, toripalimab, plus FOLFOX chemotherapy. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months by RECIST v1.1. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of tumor biopsy samples was performed for exploratory biomarker analyses.

Results:
Between November 19, 2019, and July 4, 2021, 30 patients were enrolled. The primary endpoint was a 6-month PFS rate of 66.7%, with a median PFS of 9.73 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.89–16.58]. The median overall survival (OS) was 14.63 months (95% CI, 11.77–17.50), with an objective response rate of 43.3%. Twenty-four (80.0%) patients exhibited high-risk features, among whom the median OS and PFS were 13.7 months (95% CI, 9.24–18.16) and 8.3 months (95% CI, 3.02–13.58), respectively. The most common adverse events were neutropenia, and increased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels. Exploratory analyses of snRNA-seq profiles suggested that patients with higher abundance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells were more likely to benefit from this combination. In addition, two subtypes of hepatocytes (AKR1C2+ and CFHR4+ malignant hepatocytes) were associated with reduced clinical benefits.

Conclusions:
FOLFOX chemotherapy in combination with lenvatinib and toripalimab showed promising antitumor activity with manageable toxicities in advanced HCC with extrahepatic metastasis. AKR1C2+ and CFHR4+ hepatocyte subtypes may be predictive biomarkers of resistance to the combination therapy.
A Phase I Expansion Cohort Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of the CHK1 Inhibitor LY2880070 with Low-dose Gemcitabine in Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huffman Brandon M. , Feng Hanrong , Parmar Kalindi , Wang Junning , Kapner Kevin S. , Kochupurakkal Bose , Martignetti David B. , Sadatrezaei Golbahar , Abrams Thomas A. , Biller Leah H. , Giannakis Marios , Ng Kimmie , Patel Anuj K. , Perez Kimberly J. , Singh Harshabad , Rubinson Douglas A. , Schlechter Benjamin L. , Andrews Elizabeth , Hannigan Alison M. , Dunwell Stanley , Getchell Zoe , Raghavan Srivatsan , Wolpin Brian M. , Fortier Caroline , D'Andrea Alan D. , Aguirre Andrew J. , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Cleary James M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Combining gemcitabine with CHK1 inhibition has shown promise in preclinical models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, we report the findings from a phase I expansion cohort study (NCT02632448) investigating low-dose gemcitabine combined with the CHK1 inhibitor LY2880070 in patients with previously treated advanced PDAC.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with metastatic PDAC were treated with gemcitabine intravenously at 100 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15, and LY2880070 50 mg orally twice daily on days 2–6, 9–13, and 16–20 of each 21-day cycle. Pretreatment tumor biopsies were obtained from each patient for correlative studies and generation of organoid cultures for drug sensitivity testing and biomarker analyses.

Results:
Eleven patients with PDAC were enrolled in the expansion cohort between August 27, 2020 and July 30, 2021. Four patients (36%) experienced drug-related grade 3 adverse events. No objective radiologic responses were observed, and all patients discontinued the trial by 3.2 months. In contrast to the lack of efficacy observed in patients, organoid cultures derived from biopsies procured from two patients demonstrated strong sensitivity to the gemcitabine/LY2880070 combination and showed treatment-induced upregulation of replication stress and DNA damage biomarkers, including pKAP1, pRPA32, and γH2AX, as well as induction of replication fork instability.

Conclusions:
No evidence of clinical activity was observed for combined low-dose gemcitabine and LY2880070 in this treatment-refractory PDAC cohort. However, the gemcitabine/LY2880070 combination showed in vitro efficacy, suggesting that drug sensitivity for this combination in organoid cultures may not predict clinical benefit in patients.
Abstract P338: ASSOCIATION OF HYPERTENSION AND FOOD INSECURITY WITH DIETARY SODIUM AND POTASSIUM IN ADULTS
Authors: Onugha Elizabeth , Banerjee Ankona , Vimalajeewa Horahenage Dixon , Dave Jayna , Racette Susan B 
Published: October 2023

Food insecurity (FIS), the lack of consistent access to nutritious food is a risk factor for HTN and leads to poorer health outcomes. Although studies show a higher prevalence of HTN in patients living with FIS, there is limited data exploring the underlying mechanism. Using dietary recall data, we sought to evaluate the relationship between HTN and FIS.
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 16,703 adults aged between 18 and 65 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2011 and 2018. We excluded pregnant participants. We examined the association between FIS, HTN, and dietary sodium and potassium levels using univariate and multivariate analysis.
Adults who reported FIS were more likely to have HTN (aOR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.02-1.46, p=0.029). Non-Hispanic Blacks participants were more likely to have HTN than Non-Hispanic Whites (aOR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.54-1.96, p<0.001) while Hispanic participants were more likely to have lower BP (aOR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.71-0.94, p=0.007). The prevalence of FIS was higher among Non-Hispanic Black (28.8%) (aOR= 1.28, 95% CI= 1.02-1.61, p<0.01) and Hispanic participants (33.5%) (aOR= 1.67, 95% CI= 1.33-2.09, p<0.01) compared to Non-Hispanic White. Individuals living in food-insecure households had a higher prevalence of obesity (23.7%) compared to adults who lived in food secure households. (18.4% for normal weight and 17.9% for overweight; p < 0.01). The prevalence of hypertension increased with age, peaking in the 60-65 age group (p<0.001). Individuals who reported FIS had a significantly lower mean intake of sodium (3.57 ± 0.04 gm) and potassium (2.5 ± 0.03 gm) compared to individuals living in food secure households (3.69 ± 0.02 gm and 2.74 ± 0.02 gm, respectively; p < 0.01 for both). We found that for every 1 gm increase in dietary sodium, the odds of HTN increased by 1% (p<0.01). For every 1 gm increase in dietary potassium the odds of HTN decreased by 9% and the odds of living in a food insecure household decreased by 16%.
Adults with a lower dietary potassium intake were more likely to report FIS and have HTN. Increasing assess to healthy foods, particularly foods rich in sources of potassium, for individuals living with FIS, may reduce the prevalence of HTN and lead to better cardiovascular outcomes.
Brothers in Arms? The Selection and Prioritisation of Core International Crimes and Terrorism in the Netherlands
Authors: Verhagen Giel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Since 2019, the Dutch Public Prosecutor has tried four cases in which the accused has been cumulatively charged with a terrorism-related crime as well as a core international crime. This article examines the Dutch selection and prioritisation process of these charges when they are combined, comparing it to cases that solely include a core international crime charge and solely include terrorism-related charges. The findings suggest that, as a result of the suspect-driven approach and limited universal jurisdiction in the Netherlands, the available evidence is the most important criterion in the selection and prioritisation process in cases that include core international crimes. Moreover, resources can also be identified as an influential factor, whereas this aspect features less prominently in cases that only include terrorism-related charges. The influence of other criteria, such as gravity, remains ambiguous.
Plague and the Leviathan
Authors: Kapust Daniel J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Building on a number of recent studies that have turned to Hobbes in light of covid-19, I explore the context of Hobbes’ own encounters with plague while at Oxford, along with efforts to mitigate plague by the regime of James I. I then explore what role his encounters with plague may have played as he wrote his philosophical masterpiece, Leviathan.
Literature and Prophecy
Authors: Chantaca Claudia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article analyzes Raquel Jodorowsky’s idea of poetry as revelation and examines the ludic aspects of her work, which functioned as a form of resistance to the canon. By focusing on her works Ajy Tojen [The Creator of Light] (1964) and Cuentos para cerebros detenidos [Tales for Detained Brains] (1974), this study highlights her relation to Latin American neovanguardias and explores her idea of the artist as a self-constructive individual. It also addresses her notion of Ajy Tojen, a mystical understanding of the poet as a person with the power to dissolve worn forms in order to seek a primordial expression and contribute to cosmic regeneration. Through an examination of her short stories, this study will show how she used different ludic strategies to desacralize literary and extra-literary genres.
Composite Mesoscale Environmental Conditions Influencing Tornado Frequencies in Landfalling Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Trier Stanley B. , Ahijevych David A. , Carroll-Smith Dereka , Bryan George H. , Edwards Roger 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Spatial patterns of tropical cyclone tornadoes (TCTs), and their relationship to patterns of mesoscale predictors within U.S. landfalling tropical cyclones (LTCs) are investigated using multicase composites from 27 years of reanalysis data (1995–2021). For 72 cases of LTCs with wide-ranging TC intensities at landfall, daytime TCT frequency maxima are found in the northeast, right-front, and downshear-right quadrants when their composites are constructed in ground-relative, TC-heading relative, and environmental shear relative coordinates, respectively. TCT maxima are located near maxima of 10-m–700-hPa bulk wind difference (BWD), which are enhanced by the TC circulation. This proxy for bulk vertical shear in roughly the lowest 3 km is among the best predictors of maximum TCT frequency. Relative to other times, the position of maximum TCT frequency during the afternoon shifts ∼100 km outward from the LTC center toward larger MLCAPE values. Composites containing the strongest LTCs have the strongest maximum 10-m–700-hPa and 10-m–500-hPa BWDs (∼20 m s−1) with nearby maximum frequencies of TCTs. Corresponding composites containing weaker LTCs but still many TCTs, had bulk vertical shear values that were ∼20% smaller (∼16 m s−1). Additional composites of cases having similarly weak average LTC strength at landfall, but few or no TCTs, had both maximum bulk vertical shears that were an additional ∼20% lower (∼12 m s−1) and smaller MLCAPE. TCT environments occurring well inland are distinguished from others by having stronger westerly shear and a west–east-oriented baroclinic zone (i.e., north–south temperature gradient) that enhances mesoscale ascent and deep convection on the LTC’s east side.
Machine learning-based analysis of risk factors for chronic total occlusion in an Asian population
Authors: Shi Yuchen , Cheng Zichao , Jian Wen , Liu Yanci , Liu Jinghua 
Published: October 2023

Objectives Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a form of coronary artery disease (CAD) requiring percutaneous coronary intervention. There has been minimal research regarding CTO-specific risk factors and predictive models. We developed machine learning predictive models based on clinical characteristics to identify patients with CTO before coronary angiography. Methods Data from 1473 patients with CAD, including 317 patients with and 1156 patients without CTO, were retrospectively analyzed. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM) models were used to identify CTO-specific risk factors and predict CTO development. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for model validation. Results For CTO prediction, the PLS-DA model included 10 variables; the ROC value was 0.706. The RF model included 42 variables; the ROC value was 0.702. The SVM model included 20 variables; the ROC value was 0.696. DeLong’s test showed no difference among the three models. Four variables were present in all models: sex, neutrophil percentage, creatinine, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Conclusions Validation of machine learning prediction models for CTO revealed that the PLS-DA model had the best prediction performance. Sex, neutrophil percentage, creatinine, and BNP may be important risk factors for CTO development.