bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factores determinantes de la resiliencia y creencias sobre violencia de género en mujeres mexicanas
Authors: Moncada Herrera Serena María , De la Roca-Chiapas Jose Maria 
Published: February 2024

Una de las problemáticas sociales con más presencia en México es la violencia de género. En los últimos años, las estadísticas mencionan un aumento exponencial en los casos de agresión hacia las mujeres. Este tipo de violencia trae daños físicos, emocionales y materiales a sus víctimas Debido a la consistencia de estos actos, la creencia sobre violencia de genero se ha naturalizado, permitiendo que esta violencia se propague en la cultura. La resiliencia es una herramienta emocional que permite afrontar de manera adecuada situaciones adversas. El estudio fue cuantitativo, correlacional, transversal. La muestra consistió en 100 mujeres mexicanas mayores de 18 años, se obtuvo mediante un Google forms que se distribuyó por redes sociales. Se respetaron los principios éticos en investigación. Los resultados permiten demostrar, que factores como el estado civil y el nivel escolar influyen en los niveles de resiliencia y creencias sobre violencia de género en las mujeres.
Prevalence and pattern of blood and blood component utilization at the Kenyatta National Hospital maternity unit in 2022-2023: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wakoli Elias , Gwako George , Owende Philomena , Ogutu Omondi , Odongo Elly , Karanja Joseph 
Published: February 2024

Background: Blood and blood component transfusion plays a pivotal lifesaving role. Adequate amounts significantly reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and pattern of blood and blood component utilization among women managed at the Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) maternity unit in 2022-2023.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study targeting women admitted to the KNH maternity unit. Participants were recruited through consecutive sampling. A data abstraction chart was used for data collection. The study variables included proportions of patients who required blood or blood components, indications for transfusion, number of units availed against those requested, and outcomes of the participants. To determine the prevalence of transfusion, the proportion of participants who received blood or blood components was calculated over the admissions. To determine the percentage per indication for transfusion, a particular indication was calculated over the total number of indications and expressed in percentages, and the need was calculated as the total need per blood request generated. Continuous data were analyzed for mean and standard deviation. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for variables with categorical data.
Results: Among 5567 admissions, 344 participants who needed blood and blood components were sampled over 7 months from October 2022. This represented a prevalence of 6.2%. Of this prevalence, cesarean deliveries made up 3%, SVD 1.4%, and miscarriages accounted for 0.5% among others. Postpartum hemorrhage was the most common indication (34.5%), with 65.4% of participants having their need for blood/blood components met. The deficit in blood units ordered was 12.4%. The majority (98%) were discharged home. While mortality was recorded at 2%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of blood/blood components transfusion was 6.2%. Postpartum hemorrhage remains the most common indication for blood transfusion. The need for blood and its components remains unmet both for the number of units and the type of component.
Secondary malignancy in a vulva cancer patient – HPV-induced field cancerization: A case report
Authors: Nassir Faiza , Shee Rehema Omar , Abdul lavingia  , Nawal Alyan  
Published: February 2024

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers in men and women. Approximately 90% of all cervical cancers are attributed to high-risk HPV infections, and 60% of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the vulva, vagina, anus, and penis are due to HPV infection.
Case presentation: We present the case of a 26-year-old with retroviral disease managed for locally advanced vulva cancer on external beam radiotherapy followed by wide excision of the residual tumor and bilateral inguino femoral nodal dissection. She later presented with a history of foul-smelling vaginal discharge. A biopsy confirmed moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix clinically and radiologically staged at 2B and 3B, respectively. She was scheduled to start chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel after blood transfusion due to anemia.
Discussion: Field cancerization was coined by Slaughter et al. to describe the existence of generalized carcinogen-induced early genetic changes in the epithelium from which multiple independent lesions occur, leading to the development of multifocal tumors. In some cases, multiple contiguous tumor foci coalesce, hence the lateral spread of squamous cell cancers. It was also observed that normal-looking cells near malignant cells were histologically abnormal and therefore were part of the transformed cells in a particular tumor field and consequently were responsible for the occurrence of local tumor recurrences.
Conclusion: Field cancerization is a well-known and well-documented process of malignant transformation. Several studies have confirmed the importance of this phenomenon in tumor development. Surveillance is the key to detecting early recurrence and secondary malignancies.
Pathogenesis of pelvic endometriomas: Lessons learned from surgical management
Authors: Koigi Paul K , Koigi Kamau , Koigi Mary K 
Published: February 2024

Background: There is a relatively poor understanding of the pathogenesis of pelvic endometriomas, as is the whole subject of endometriosis. The pathophysiological basis of endometriosis remains enigmatic, especially for endometriomas. Diagnostic acumen has remained low; therefore, a standardized objective treatment approach is elusive.
Objective: To elucidate possible pathogenetic processes and collate them with clinical and treatment outcomes.
Results: This is a relatively neglected pathologic process that affects the ovary. It is a composite component of pelvic peritoneal endometriosis with a heavier predilection toward the ovary as the target organ. Infertility is a very common outcome because of reduced ovarian reserve and the inflammatory processes that often accompany the pelvic peritoneal component. Endometriomas are very common, as reflected by the finding that 17-44% of patients with ovarian cysts have endometriomas, and endometriomas constitute 35% of benign ovarian cysts.
Conclusion: The propensity of the condition, coupled with the pathophysiological impact, dictates a need for a better understanding of pathogenesis and conservative treatment that targets fertility preservation.
A retrospective analysis of semen parameters among males at an infertility clinic in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Sonigra Khushboo J , Juma Almas R , Omanwa Kireki , Obiero Jael , Mwaura David K , Nyachieo Atunga 
Published: February 2024

ackground: Male infertility affects a significant proportion of couples trying to conceive because of a variety of factors, such as low sperm count, abnormal sperm morphology, erectile dysfunction, varicocele, infections, and hormonal imbalances. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of male infertility in Nairobi, Kenya, and to better understand the causes of male infertility and improve outcomes for couples struggling to conceive.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at an infertility clinic in Nairobi, Kenya between February 2021 and September 2022. 115 men who underwent semen analysis were chosen. Descriptive statistics were calculated for demographics and sperm parameters using SPSS version 27.
Results: The average age range of study participants was 21-56 years. In most cases, 63% had progressive sperm motility, 28.3% had nonprogressive motility, and 8.7% had sperm immotility. A sperm concentration of <15 million/ml was reported in 24% of men. Of these, 40% had abnormal forms of sperm morphology. 25% had abnormal sperm vitality (<54% of sperm are alive). 32.7% of men had normozoospermia, 20.6% had asthenozoospermia, 11.5% had oligospermia, 6.06% had azoospermia, 21.2% had teratozoospermia, 7.27% had hypospermia, and 0.606 had hyperspermia. All semen abnormalities were more common among middle-class and upper-class males with an income of more than 150,000 per month, aged >35 years, and smokers.
Conclusion: Male infertility is an increasing problem in lives of married couples. Age, occupation, stress, and lifestyle have a significant impact on the quality and quantity of sperm. Couple education on factors affecting male infertility should be encouraged. Clinicians should investigate males for the cause of infertility in couples.
ENDOMETRIOSIS AND FERTILITY -NATURAL CONCEPTION FOLLOWING MULTIPLE SURGERIES FOR ENDOMETRIOSIS
Authors: Wambugu Justus , Oindi Felix , Sequeira Evan 
Published: February 2024

The association between endometriosis and infertility is well established and treatment is challenging. It is a chronic and debilitating disease with multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms. Treatment involves both surgical/medical interventions and ART for those with infertility.
Evidence on the ideal approach is inadequate and guidelines vary. The patient’s symptomatology, age, fertility desires and prior surgical interventions are important factors to consider. Fertility preservation is paramount.
We present an interesting case of a nulliparous patient who over four years has had recurrent ovarian endometriosis, underwent four laparoscopic surgical/medical interventions, and ultimately achieved a natural conception.
Case
A 32-year-old female presented in 2019 with symptoms of endometriosis confirmed on pelvic ultrasound. Laparoscopy, the gold standard was performed and the histology confirmed endometriosis. Postoperatively, she was on medical management to control symptoms. However, seven months later, she presented with worsening symptoms despite being on Leuprolide and later Visanne. Ultrasound showed recurrent ovarian endometriosis and uterine fibroids. A Laparoscopic myomectomy, adhesiolysis, and excision of ovarian endometriosis were done. She was then on Visanne but 6 months later her symptoms returned. A scan showed recurrent left ovarian endometriosis and she underwent laparoscopic excision. Her symptoms improved. Two years later she presented with worsening symptoms. A repeat ultrasound scan showed ovarian endometriosis. With a desire to conceive, laparoscopic excision of endometriosis, Adhesiolysis, and chromopertubation were performed. She conceived spontaneously four months later and is currently in her second trimester.

Conclusion
Treatment for endometriosis is an enigma and has to be individualized. Shared decision-making is important and repeated surgical/medical interventions with fertility preservation are a plausible approach for those keen on child-bearing.
A Shortcut at the Expense of Justice
Authors: Golubok Sergei 
Published: February 2024

On 31 January 2024, the International Court of Justice rendered its judgment on the merits of a case initiated by Ukraine against the Russian Federation in 2017. Ukraine alleged numerous violations by Russia of two treaties: the 1999 International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism and the 1965 International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. This blog post provides a brief overview of the decision and argues that the Court sidestepped the task of reconstructing what has happened in reality via judicial fact-finding. This approach comes at the expense of several legal errors. The harsh realities of the conflict and, most importantly, the human suffering on the territories of Ukraine occupied by Russia seem far removed from the grandeur of the Peace Palace.
Eksploracijska primerjava dveh metod invazivnega zdravljenja lumboishialgije
Authors: Doupona Tajda , Markovič Božič Jasmina , Požlep Gorazd , Spindler Vesel Alenka 
Published: February 2024

Izhodišča: Bolečina v križu je zelo pogosto stanje, vendar zanjo pogosto ne najdemo jasnega vzroka. Poleg farmakoloških in nefarmakoloških ukrepov jo zdravimo tudi z invazivnimi pristopi. Primerjali smo razlike glede jakosti, kakovosti bolečine, porabe analgetikov ter kakovosti življenja med skupinama bolnikov z blokado prožilnih točk in rentgensko vodeno blokado na dan posega, po enem in treh mesecih po blokadi.
Metode: V prospektivno randomizirano raziskavo smo vključili 45 bolnikov s kroničnimi bolečinami v križu, pri katerih smo se odločili za invazivni pristop k zdravljenju. Bolnike smo razdelili v dve skupini glede na vrsto blokade. S pomočjo McGillovega vprašalnika o bolečini in Kratkega vprašalnika o bolečini smo na dan posega, nato po 1 mesecu in 3 mesecih ocenili kakovost bolečine, jakost bolečine, kakovost življenja in porabo analgetikov.
Rezultati: Skupini sta primerljivi v demografskih podatkih, statusu zaposlenosti in porabi analgetikov. Pri bolnikih z ledveno blokado prožilnih točk je bil statistično pomembno nižji časovni potek bolečine po McGillovem vprašalniku po 1 mesecu in 3 mesecih (po 1 mesecu: 3,8 vs. 5,7; p = 0,01; po 3 mesecih 3,8 vs. 5,5; p = 0,01). Bolniki v tej skupini so po 1 mesecu statistično pomembno lažje hodili (5,9 vs. 7,4; p = 0,03). Vpliv bolečine na kakovost življenja je bil 1 mesec po blokadi prožilnih točk statistično pomembno manjši v primerjavi z rentgensko vodeno blokado (40,9 vs. 48,3; p = 0,04), po 3 mesecih pa se v obeh skupinah primerljivo pozna ugoden učinek blokade (40 vs. 45,6; p = 0,2). Kakovost spanja se je v skupini z rentgensko vodeno blokado pomembno izboljšala po 1 mesecu po blokadi (7,1 vs. 5,1; p = 0,01).
Zaključek: Naša raziskava prvič v Sloveniji primerja učinkovitost blokade prožilnih točk in rentgensko vodene blokade mediane veje zadnje veje spinalnega živca. Tudi v literaturi nismo našli podobnih raziskav. V naši raziskavi smo ugotovili izboljšano kakovost spanja pri skupini z rentgensko blokado; v tej skupini je bil tudi manjši vpliv bolečine na kakovost življenja. Izboljšanje kakovosti življenja smo opazovali tudi pri skupini z blokado prožilnih točk.
Explorando las raíces de la violencia en estudiantes de medicina de último año (internos) en Ecuador.
Authors: Alvarado-Vintimilla Gabriela , Perlaza-Flores Katherine , Barros-Angulo Viviana , Arpi Jorge , Sarmiento-Altamirano Doris 
Published: February 2024

Background: Medical interns are frequently victims of a hierarchical system, suffering various forms of abuse, ranging from psychological harm to sexual threats and physical assault. Objective: Determine the prevalence of violence and identify the factors that contribute to it in medical interns. Methods: Cross-sectional survey study with 161 participants. The survey “Workplace Violence in The Health Sector Country Case Studies Research Instruments Survey Questionnaire 2003” was used. Results: 59% have suffered some type of violence, 87.3% psychological violence, 3.1% physical violence and 9.4% both types of violence. In psychological violence, verbal aggression was the most prevalent (76.6%). Health personnel are the main source of violence, in psychological violence it was nursing (32.2%) and in physical violence, senior doctors (41.6%). In both types of violence, the majority perceives it as an everyday event. The cause of violence lies in the behavior of the aggressor due to abuse of authority (31%) and stress in 27%. Only 18.1% know the policies to confront violence. Most do not report the incident mainly due to fear. Conclusion: Violence towards medical students manifests itself in different ways and emanates from hierarchical positions, this can have consequences on the professional and emotional development of future doctors.
Antecedentes: Los internos de medicina frecuentemente son víctimas de un sistema jerárquico, sufriendo diversas formas de abuso, que van desde daño psicológico hasta amenazas sexuales y agresiones físicas. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de la violencia e identificar los factores que contribuyen a la misma en los internos de medicina. Métodos: Estudio transversal de encuesta con 161 participantes. Se utilizó la encuesta “Workplace Violence in The Health Sector Country Case Studies Research Instruments Survey Questionnaire 2003”. Resultados: El 59% ha sufrido algún tipo de violencia, un 87.3% violencia psicológica, 3.1% violencia física y 9.4% ambos tipos de violencia. En la violencia psicológica, la agresión verbal fue la más prevalente (76.6%). El personal de salud es la principal fuente de violencia, en la psicológica fue enfermería (32.2%) y en la física, los médicos de mayor jerarquía (41.6%). En ambos tipos de violencia, la mayoría lo percibe como un evento cotidiano. La causa de violencia radica en el comportamiento del agresor debido al abuso de autoridad (31%) y estrés en un 27%. Apenas el 18.1% conoce las políticas para afrontar la violencia. La mayoría no reporta el incidente debido principalmente al miedo. Conclusión: La violencia hacia los estudiantes de medicina se manifiesta de diferentes formas y emana de posiciones jerárquicas, esto puede traer consecuencias en el desarrollo profesional y emocional del futuro médicos.
Evaluación de las competencias clínicas prácticas en estudiantes de terapia manual ortopédica a través del Examen Clínico Objetivo Estructurado (ECOE): Experiencia piloto en la Universidad Europea de Canarias.
Authors: Martin Perez Sebastian Eustaquio , Martín Pérez Isidro Miguel , Rodríguez Lorenzo Eva , Cabrera Fuentes Andrea , Rodríguez Rodríguez Yeray , González Fernández Josué , Alonso Pérez José Luis 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a practical clinical competency assessment tool in Physical Therapy that has not yet been used to evaluate Orthopedic Manual Therapy specialists. Objective: This study aims to evaluate competency through grades, satisfaction and perceived performance of students enrolled in the Master’s in Orthopaedic Manual Therapy for Pain Treatment at the European University of the Canary Islands. Materials and methods: A descriptive study was conducted on a postgraduate student sample (n=21, W=10, M=11, 24,61 yrs.) between February 1 and July 31, 2023 at the Simulated Hospital of the European University of the Canary Islands (Tenerife, Spain). Results: Participants received predominantly high scores (mean = 8,54 /10, SD= 0.612), although Anatomy and interpretation of complementary test, 19.1% (n=4) perceived their performance as deficient, and 4.8% (n=1) as very deficient. Conclusions: In summary, despite lower scores in certain areas, the results of the practical clinical competency assessment through the OSCE are positive. Furthermore, a high degree of satisfaction and positive performance perception are observed among specialists.
Introducción: El ECOE es una herramienta de evaluación de competencias clínicas prácticas en Fisioterapia, hasta ahora no empleada para examinar las habilidades de los especialistas en Terapia Manual Ortopédica. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la competencia a través de las calificaciones, la satisfacción y el desempeño percibido de los estudiantes del Máster de Terapia Manual Ortopédica en el Tratamiento del Dolor de la Universidad Europea de Canarias. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en una muestra de estudiantes de posgrado (n=21, M=10, V=11, 24,61 años) entre el 1 de febrero y el 31 de julio de 2023 en el Hospital Simulado de la Universidad Europea de Canarias (Tenerife, España). Resultados: Las calificaciones obtenidas por los participantes fueron mayoritariamente altas (media = 8,54 /10, DT= 0.612), aunque en Anatomía e interpretación de pruebas complementarias registraron los resultados más bajos. El 95,1% (n=20) expresó una alta satisfacción con el ECOE. Respecto a la interpretación de pruebas complementarias, un 19,1% (n=4) consideró su desempeño como deficiente y un 4,8% (n=1) muy deficiente. Conclusión: En síntesis, a pesar de las calificaciones más bajas en ciertas áreas, los resultados de la evaluación de competencias clínicas prácticas a través del ECOE son positivos. Además, se observa un elevado grado de satisfacción y percepción positiva del desempeño por parte del especialista.
Internal Equity Annual Changes and Security Returns of Companies Listed in The Nairobi Securities Exchange.
Authors: Rosana Douglas Maroma , Muturi Willy Mwangi , Oluoch Oluoch 
Published: February 2024

This study examined the effect of annual changes in internal equity on ordinary equity security returns in Kenyan public limited firms. Internal equity is the portion of a company's equity generated through retained earnings and the issuance of new shares to existing shareholders. The study was guided by the research philosophy of positivism, given that it relied on quantitative data and espoused the scientific approach to research. It adopted a causal or explanatory research design to check how the annual changes in public firms' internal equity impacted a firm's stock market value. A census study of 67 public companies was employed, of which 49 met data requirements. The study used secondary data from the company's financial statements for eleven years, from January 2012 to December 2022. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The hypothesis that annual changes in internal debts had no significant effect on security returns was tested at a 95% confidence interval using the t-statistic and p-value. The study adopted panel data to carry out the research analysis. Panel regression analysis using the random effects model was undertaken after appropriate normality, model specification, homoscedasticity, linearity and autocorrelation diagnostic tests. Findings reveal significant variability in internal equity changes across sectors. Correlation analysis establishes a positive and significant association between internal equity changes and security returns. Panel regression analysis further confirms a strong and positive relationship, indicating that an increase in internal equity corresponds to higher returns on equity securities. The results emphasize the importance of internal equity in signalling a company's financial health and stability, impacting investor confidence and potentially leading to higher equity security returns. Investors are urged to conduct sector-specific analyses, considering variability in financial structures. The study contributes valuable insights to understanding internal equity's role in influencing financial well-being and security returns in the Kenyan business landscape.
URGENSI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DAN KREATIVITAS GURU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA PADA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN
Authors: Setiaman Larosa  
Published: February 2024

Media pembelajaran merupakan faktor yang sangat penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan pendidikan. Media pembelajaran merupakan alat yang mengantar informasi atau pesan-pesan yang bertujuan instruksional dan mengandung maksud pengajaran. Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang tepat dalam proses pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa. Selain itu, peran kreativitas guru dalam merancang, melaksanakan dan mengevaluasi pembelajaran juga sangat mempengaruhi peningkatan minat belajar
siswa. Guru PAK perlu memikirkan bagaimana cara untuk membangkitkan minat belajar siswa terhadap pelajaran PAK. Siswa yang memiliki minat belajar yang tinggi akan mendapatkan prestasi yang baik. Selanjutnya, prestasi yang baik ini akan menunjang peningkatan mutu PAK. Oleh sebab itu guru PAK dituntut untuk kreatif dalam merancang dan melaksanakan pembelajaran PAK.
Adapun tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk memberikan penjelasan pentingnya penggunaan media pembelajaran dan kreativitas guru dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada pelajaran pendidikan agama Kristen. Dalam melakukan penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan secara komprehensif.