bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work‐attributed symptom clusters (darkroom disease) among radiographers versus physiotherapists: Associations between self‐reported exposures and psychosocial stressors
Authors: Tarlo Susan M. , Liss Gary M. , Greene Justina M. , Purdham Jim , McCaskell Lisa , Kipen Howard , Kerr Mickey 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackground“Darkroom disease” (DRD) has been used to describe unexplained multiple symptoms attributed by radiographers to their work environment. This study determines the prevalence of symptom clusters similar to other unexplained syndromes among (medical radiation technologists (MRTs) as compared with physiotherapists (PTs), and identifies associated work‐related (WR) factors.MethodsA mail survey was undertaken of members of the professional associations of MRTs and PTs in Ontario, Canada. Questions were included to determine the prevalence and frequency of symptom clusters including abnormal tiredness as well as WR headaches, and symptoms suggestive of eye, nasal, and throat irritation. For the purpose of this study, these are considered to be DRD symptom clusters. Individuals with doctor‐diagnosed asthma were excluded from our analyses.ResultsOverall, 63.9% of MRTs and 63.1% of PTs participated. Criteria for DRD were met by 7.8% of 1,483 MRTs and 1.8% of 1,545 PTs [odds ratio, OR 4.8 (confidence interval, CI 3.1–7.5); (P < 0.0001)]. Both occupations showed significant associations between responses reflecting psychosocial stressors and DRD. Those with this symptom cluster were more likely to report additional symptoms than those without, and MRTs with DRD symptoms reported significantly more workplace chemical exposures.ConclusionsFindings suggest excess symptoms consistent with DRD among MRTs versus PTs, and there were associations among those meeting our definition of DRD with self‐reported irritant exposures and psychosocial stressors. Am. J. Ind. Med. 45:513–521, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An integrated comprehensive occupational surveillance system for health care workers
Authors: Dement John M. , Pompeii Lisa A. , Østbye Truls , Epling Carol , Lipscomb Hester J. , James Tamara , Jacobs Michael J. , Jackson George , Thomann Wayne 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackgroundWorkers in the health care industry may be exposed to a variety of work‐related stressors including infectious, chemical, and physical agents; ergonomic hazards; psychological hazards; and workplace violence. Many of these hazards lack surveillance systems to evaluate exposures and health outcomes. The development and implementation of a comprehensive surveillance system within the Duke University Health System (DUHS) that tracks occupational exposures and stressors as well as injuries and illnesses among a defined population of health care workers (HCWs) is presented.MethodsHuman resources job and work location data were used to define the DUHS population at risk. Outcomes and exposure data from existing occupational health and safety programs, health promotion programs, and employee health insurance claims, were linked with human resources data and de‐identified to create the Duke Health and Safety Surveillance System (DHSSS).ResultsThe surveillance system is described and four examples are presented demonstrating how the system has successfully been used to study consequences of work‐related stress, hearing conservation program evaluation, risk factors for back pain and inflammation, and exposures to blood and body fluids (BBF).ConclusionsUtilization of existing data, often collected for other purposes, can be successfully integrated and used for occupational health surveillance monitoring of HCWs. Use of the DHSSS for etiologic studies, benchmarking, and intervention program evaluation are discussed. Am. J. Ind. Med. 45:528–538, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vibration exposure and disease in a shipyard: A 13‐year revisit
Authors: Cherniack Martin , Morse Timothy F. , Brammer Anthony J. , Lundstrom Ronnie , Meyer Jon D. , Nilsson Tohr , Peterson Donald , Toppila Esko , Warren Nick , Fu Rongwei , Bruneau Heather , Croteau Marc 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackgroundIn a 1988 study of shipyard workers, a progressive association was observed between cumulative exposure to vibration and the vascular and neurological symptoms of the hand‐arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). In 2001, after a decade of exposure reduction and ageing of the workforce, a second study at the same site was initiated.MethodsIn 2001, 214 subjects were selected; they represented four current weekly vibration exposure time intervals—0 hr, >0 < 5 hr, ≥5 < 20 hr, ≥20 hr. The 1988 and 2000 cross‐sectional populations were compared on the basis of exposure duration and current symptoms.ResultsIn 2001, the study population was 9.6 years older than the 1988 group. Current weekly exposure hours were similar in the low and medium exposure groups 2001 and 1988, but exposure was reduced by an average of 9.7 hr per week in the highest exposure group (≥20 hr) in 2001. Symptom severity was regressed polychotomously on estimated exposure (log cumulative hours); the OR was weaker in 2001 than in 1988 for sensorineural symptoms—1.44 [CI 1.04–1.98] versus 2.35 [CI 1.48–3.73]. This was also true for vascular symptoms—1.70 [CI 1.06–2.71] versus 3.99 [CI 2.27–7.01]. Vascular symptoms were more prevalent in the highest lifetime vibration exposure group in 1988 (68.7 vs. 43.2% in 2001); sensorineural symptoms were more prevalent in the least vibration exposed group in 2001 (52.6 vs. 20.7% in 1988).ConclusionsThe prevalence of vascular symptoms associated with cumulative vibratory exposure was significantly greater in 1988, but neurological symptoms were more common at lower exposure levels in 2001. The presumption that reducing exposure duration alone is sufficient, in the absence of change in vibration magnitude, is not supported by the results of this study. Am. J. Ind. Med. 45:500–512, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Severe lower limb defects in exstrophy of the cloaca
Authors: Jain Mahim , Weaver David D. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe present here a patient with exstrophy of the cloaca associated with severe lower limb defects. The limb malformations include, on the right, a split foot with distal separation of the tibia and fibula, and on the left, attachment of the lower half of the left leg with a two‐toed foot at nearly a right angle to the mid left thigh. A review of the literature indicates that 17–26% of patients with cloacal exstrophy also have lower limb defects. We hypothesize that cloacal exstrophy and associated lower limb defects have a related pathogenesis and that both are related to deficiencies of caudal mesoderm or mesodermal differentiation signals. More cases of exstrophy of the cloaca with limb defects need to be reported to better characterize the limb anomalies and to more precisely determine their frequency. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Newly recognized autosomal recessive acrofacial dysostosis syndrome resembling Nager syndrome
Authors: Kennedy Shelley J. , Teebi Ahmad S. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe report on two patients with a unique constellation of anomalies resembling the Nager acrofacial dysostosis syndrome. Clinical manifestations which differentiate their condition from Nager syndrome include: microcephaly, cleft lip and palate, a peculiar beaked nose, blepharophimosis, microtia, symmetrical involvement of the thumbs, and great toes and developmental delay. We postulate that the inheritance is autosomal recessive on the basis of similarly affected male and female sibs. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variations in the NMDA receptor subunit 2B gene (GRIN2B) and schizophrenia: A case‐control study
Authors: Di Maria Emilio , Gulli Rossella , Begni Silvia , De Luca Alessandro , Bignotti Stefano , Pasini Augusto , Bellone Emilia , Pizzuti Antonio , Dallapiccola Bruno , Novelli Giuseppe , Ajmar Franco , Gennarelli Massimo , Mandich Paola 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA well established model for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia postulates a role for the NMDA‐mediated glutamate transmission. The human gene coding for the 2B subunit of the NMDA receptor (GRIN2B) is considered a candidate based on its selective expression in brain. To evaluate the hypothesis that GRIN2B acts as a major gene in determining susceptibility to schizophrenia, a case‐control association study was performed. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 188 Italian patients and 156 control subjects. The association study showed a marginally significant excess of homozygosity for the polymorphism located in the 3′UTR region (P = 0.04). No other difference in genotype and allele frequencies was found in schizophrenics as compared to the control series. The case‐control study was also carried out on estimated haplotypes, confirming a trend for association (P = 0.04). These results suggest that GRIN2B variations might be linked with susceptibility to schizophrenia. Replication studies on larger samples are warranted to further test this hypothesis. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
No association between DUP25 and anxiety disorders
Authors: Henrichsen Charlotte Neergaard , Delorme Richard , Boucherie Maria , Marelli Dominique , Baud Patrick , Bellivier Franck , Courtet Philippe , Chabane Nadia , Henry Chantal , Leboyer Marion , Malafosse Alain , Antonarakis Stylianos E. , Dahoun Sophie 
Published: May 2004

AbstractGratacos et al. [2001: Cell 106:367‐379] described an interstitial duplication dup(15)q24q26 (DUP25) in patients with anxiety disorders; this duplication was found in approximately 90% of patients and in 7% of controls. In order to determine if DUP25 is present in additional individuals susceptible to panic attacks, we tested 44 patients with anxiety disorders, using probes 251c23 and 216c14 mapping in the 15q24 and 15q26 region. We have not detected any DUP25. Our results suggest that DUP25 is not common in people with anxiety disorders in the population tested here. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Linkage disequlibrium in the DTNBP1 (dysbindin) gene region and on chromosome 1p36 among psychotic patients from a genetic isolate in Israel: Findings from identity by descent haplotype sharing analysis
Authors: Kohn Yoav , Danilovich Eduardo , Filon Dvorah , Oppenheim Ariella , Karni Osnat , Kanyas Kyra , Turetsky Neil , Korner Mira , Lerer Bernard 
Published: May 2004

AbstractSeveral genes have been reported recently to be associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Because of the complexity of the inheritance of these disorders, there is an urgent need to replicate these findings and to search for additional candidate genes. The study of genetic isolates is a powerful technique that may overcome some of the obstacles caused by genetic heterogeneity and ambiguity of phenotype definition. Identity by descent (IBD) haplotype sharing analysis in these populations may be used to detect mutations within shared haplotypes in smaller samples of affected individuals. In this study, we used IBD haplotype sharing analysis to replicate positive linkage and association findings in psychotic disorders, and to identify other regions of interest. Fifty‐two patients with major psychiatric disorders from a genetically isolated village in Israel were studied. By studying eight Y chromosome markers, we were able to confirm the oral tradition of members of this isolate regarding a common paternal origin. Three hundred fifty nine microsatellite markers on 9 candidate chromosomes were genotyped, and haplotypes were reconstructed using information from family members. Two highly significant (P < 0.0001) peaks of haplotype sharing were found. One was for psychotic patients with any diagnosis at the location of dysbindin, a gene previously associated with schizophrenia. The other peak was for patients with schizophrenia on chromosome 1p36. Thus, this study both replicates an earlier finding and points to a novel region of interest, which might be unique to this population. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The dopamine transporter: Importance in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Nutt John G. , Carter Julie H. , Sexton Gary J. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe dopamine transporter (DAT) may be the single most important determinant of extracellular dopamine concentrations. The importance of DAT in Parkinson's disease (PD) in which DAT may be reduced by 50 to 70% is unclear. We have examined the effects of methylphenidate (MPD), an inhibitor of DAT, administered alone or with levodopa, on parkinsonism measured with tapping and walking speeds, dyskinesia, subjective effects, and vital signs. MPD in oral doses of up to 0.4mg/kg was well tolerated. Administered alone, MPD produced no objective improvement of parkinsonism. MPD, 0.4mg/kg orally, coadministered with 2‐hour levodopa infusions at 0.5 or 1.0mg/kg/hr increased the percentage of patients responding to the 0.5mg/kg/hr dose and prolonged the response to levodopa infusions as measured by tapping and walking speeds. Dyskinesia was prolonged in proportion to the increase in antiparkinson actions but severity was not increased. MPD decreased the hypotensive response to levodopa. In conclusion, MPD appeared to have no effect given alone but potentiated the effects of levodopa, particularly doses at threshold for clinical effects. These observations indicate that the residual DAT is functional in PD and is a potential target for symptomatic therapy of PD.
Adult‐onset ataxia telangiectasia due to ATM 5762ins137 mutation homozygosity
Authors: Sutton Ian J. , Last James I. K. , Ritchie Susan J. , Harrington Hugh J. , Byrd Philip J. , Taylor A. Malcolm R. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractAtaxia telangiectasia (A‐T) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder that arises because of mutations in the ATM gene. The 5762ins137 A→G point mutation activates a cryptic splice donor site resulting in a 137bp intronic insert being aberrantly spliced into the ATM transcript. However, normal ATM transcript also is produced from this affected allele, albeit at significantly reduced levels. An exceptionally mild A‐T phenotype occurs as a result of homozygosity for the 5762ins137 mutation because of relative preservation of ATM protein expression/kinase activity. Ann Neurol 2004;55:891–895
Protein structure preference, tRNA copy number, and mRNA stem/loop content
Authors: Luo Liaofu , Jia Mengwen , Li Xiaoqin 
Published: May 2004

AbstractFrom statistical analyses of protein sequences for humans and Escherichia coli we found that the messenger RNA segment of m‐codons (for m=2 to 6) with average high tRNA copy number (TCN) (larger than ∼10.5 for humans or ∼1.95 for E. coli) preferably code for the α helix and that with low TCN (smaller than ∼7.5 for humans or ∼1.7 for E. coli) preferably code for coil. Between them there is an intermediate region without correlation to structure preference. For the β strand the preference/ avoidance tendency is not obvious. All strong preference‐modes of TCN for protein secondary structures have been deduced. The mutual interaction between two factors—protein secondary structural type and codon TCN—is tested by F distribution. A phenomenological model on the relation between structure preference and translational efficiency or accuracy is proposed. It is pointed out that the structure preference of codons is related to the distribution of mRNA stem/loop content in three TCN regions. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers, 2004
Frösche im brasilianischen Araukarienwald: Frösche im brasilianischen Araukarienwald
Authors: Kwet Axel 
Published: May 2004

AbstractDer Nordosten des brasilianischen Bundesstaates Rio Grande do Sul besitzt eine für eine subtropische Region außergewöhnlich große Artenvielfalt an Froschlurchen (Anura). Auf einer Fläche von etwa 300 Quadratkilometern wurden bis heute 76 Arten in 24 Gattungen nachgewiesen, von denen etwa ein Viertel endemisch ist. Ursache dieser Artenvielfalt sind die hohen, ausgeglichenen Jahresniederschläge und die vielfältigen Lebensräume, die zahlreiche gut strukturierte und für Amphibien nutzbare Habitate bereit halten. Während auf dem vulkanischen Hochplateau Araukarienwälder und offenes Grasland (Campos) die Landschaft prägen, finden sich in den Berghängen die südlichsten Ausläufer des Atlantischen Küstenregenwaldes (Mata Atlântica) und im Tiefland dominieren wechselgrüne, subtropische Wälder sowie eine Caatinga‐ähnliche Strandvegetation.
Shugoshin: Schutzgeist der Meiose
Authors: Kronberg Inge 
Published: May 2004

AbstractEine erfolgreiche Keimzellbildung hängt entscheidend davon ab, dass der Zusammenhalt an den Centromeren der Schwesterchromatiden nicht schon in der Meiose I, sondern erst in der Meiose II gelöst wird. Anscheinend schützt ein nach dem japanischen Wort für Schutzgeist „Shugoshin”︁ benanntes Protein die Centromerenregion während der Meiose I vor Separasen.
Überleben als Tönnchen
Authors: Schill Ralph O. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractEs ist eine fantastische Idee: einfach Eintrocknen zum Überdauern. Bärtierchen und eine Reihe anderer kleiner Organismen sind dazu in der Lage — doch wie genau es funktioniert, ist bislang unbekannt. Aufschluss könnte die Entdeckung von drei verschiedenen Stress‐Proteinen geben, die als molekulare Chaperone die Proteine der Bärtierchen vor einer Denaturierung bei Wasserentzug schützen.
Evolution and cellular function of monothiol glutaredoxins: involvement in iron–sulphur cluster assembly
Authors: Vilella Felipe , Alves Rui , Rodríguez‐Manzaneque María Teresa , Bellí Gemma , Swaminathan Swarna , Sunnerhagen Per , Herrero Enrique 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA number of bacterial species, mostly proteobacteria, possess monothiol glutaredoxins homologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial protein Grx5, which is involved in iron–sulphur cluster synthesis. Phylogenetic profiling is used to predict that bacterial monothiol glutaredoxins also participate in the iron–sulphur cluster (ISC) assembly machinery, because their phylogenetic profiles are similar to the profiles of the bacterial homologues of yeast ISC proteins. High evolutionary co‐occurrence is observed between the Grx5 homologues and the homologues of the Yah1 ferredoxin, the scaffold proteins Isa1 and Isa2, the frataxin protein Yfh1 and the Nfu1 protein. This suggests that a specific functional interaction exists between these ISC machinery proteins. Physical interaction analyses using low‐definition protein docking predict the formation of strong and specific complexes between Grx5 and several components of the yeast ISC machinery. Two‐hybrid analysis has confirmed the in vivo interaction between Grx5 and Isa1. Sequence comparison techniques and cladistics indicate that the other two monothiol glutaredoxins of S. cerevisiae, Grx3 and Grx4, have evolved from the fusion of a thioredoxin gene with a monothiol glutaredoxin gene early in the eukaryotic lineage, leading to differential functional specialization. While bacteria do not contain these chimaeric glutaredoxins, in many eukaryotic species Grx5 and Grx3/4‐type monothiol glutaredoxins coexist in the cell. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Late granule cell genesis in quail cerebellum
Authors: Stamatakis Antonis , Barbas Helen , Dermon Catherine R. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractProliferation of avian cerebellar neurons, including granule cells, is thought to be completed during embryonic life, and aspects of cell addition in cerebellar lobules in posthatching life are unknown. The present study tested the hypothesis that cell genesis in late embryonic and posthatching stages of quail cerebellum occurs in parallel with the performance of motor programs. After exposure to bromodeoxyuridine, short (20 hours) and long survival time points were selected to investigate survival and migration of labeled cells. Quantitative analysis of the lobular distribution of labeled cells was performed with the stereological disector method. External granular layer (EGL) proliferation did not cease after hatching, indicating that there is an extended posthatching period, lasting until P20, when cells can be added into the internal granular layer, modifying the cerebellar circuitry and function. Indeed, long survival experiments suggested that EGL‐labeled cells migrated into the internal granular layer and survived for a prolonged time, although many of the progenitor cells remained in the EGL for days. Double‐labeling experiments revealed that most of the late‐generated granule cells were NeuN positive, but only few expressed nitric oxide synthase. In addition to granule cells, the white matter and a glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)‐positive cell population in the molecular layer around Purkinje somata showed bromodeoxyuridine labeling. Although all lobules showed significant posthatching proliferation, an anteroposterior gradient was evident. The index of granule cell production and survival supports a spatiotemporal pattern, in correlation with the functional division of cerebellum into anterior and posterior domains. J. Comp. Neurol. 474:173–189, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytoarchitectonic characterization of the parahippocampal region of the guinea pig
Authors: Uva Laura , Grüschke Sebastiaan , Biella Gerardo , de Curtis Marco , Witter Menno P. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe cytoarchitectonic features of the parahippocampal region (PHR) in the guinea pig are described, based on coronal, horizontal, and sagittal 50‐μm sections stained for Nissl substance, zinc, parvalbumin, or calbindin. We differentiate between perirhinal (PRC), postrhinal (POR), and entorhinal (ERC) cortices. PRC is divided into areas 35 and 36 occupying the fundus and the dorsal bank of the rhinal fissure, respectively. POR is located caudal to the PRC. POR and area 36 show a dense, clustered cellular layer II and a thinner layer III in comparison to the adjacent neocortex, and they differ from each other with respect to the orientation of the somata of layer VI neurons. Area 35 is characterized by a thin layer II that is not very different from layer III. Layer IV is (dys)granular in area 36 and POR, and is absent in area 35 and ERC. ERC, located ventromedial to the PRC and POR, is subdivided in six fields, of which field 5 is adjacent to area 35. In both area 35 and field 5, no clear differentiation between layers II and III is present. Field 5 shows a darker cellular stain and exhibits a cell‐free zone or lamina dissecans between layers III and V. Medial to field 5, an area characterized by large cell clusters in layer II is designated field 4. The latter field is replaced by field 3 rostromedially, which also typically shows clustering of layer II neurons. These cell clusters in field 3, however, are much more constant in size in spacing compared to those in field 4. The caudomedial portion of ERC is subdivided into fields 1, 1′, and 2. The latter, characterized by a homogeneous distribution of neurons in all layers with large darkly stained neurons in layer V is positioned rostral to field 1 and caudomedial to fields 4 and 5. In field 1, layers V and VI are thinner, and layer II neurons are smaller then in field 1′ and field 2. We conclude that the architectonic features of the guinea pig PHR are comparable to those described in other mammals, particularly the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 474:289–303, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.