bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Pt Loading on Co/Al2O3 Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Bis(hydroxymethyl)furan and 2,5‐Dimethylfuran
Authors: Srifa Atthapon , Kalong Munsuree , Praikaew Wanichaya , Ratchahat Sakhon , Chaiwat Weerawut , Koo‐Amornpattana Wanida , Klysubun Wantana , Limphirat Wanwisa , Assabumrungrat Suttichai , Kawi Sibudjing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSelective hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) and 2,5‐dimethylfuran (DMF) were explored by regulating the nanosized Pt on Co/Al2O3 catalysts. Characterization results revealed that the catalyst acidity was influenced by adjusting the Co/Pt composition, while the addition of more Pt loading on Co/Al2O3 catalysts resulted in a facilitation of H2 reduction process. Lower size of catalyst particles was obtained for the Co−Pt system in comparison to the monometallic Co/Al2O3 catalyst. Additionally, the structural characterizations by XRD, XANES, and XPS established the co‐existences between metallic Pt0/Co0 and oxophilic PtO2/CoOx, acting as the active components for the reactions. Operated under a full HMF conversion, the Co1Pt0.050Al catalyst with high Pt loading gave >99.9 % BHMF selectivity at 40 °C; whereas, an 86.7 % of DMF selectivity was noticeable over low Pt loading of the Co1Pt0.013Al catalyst at 160 °C. This investigation evidenced that the selective production of BHMF or DMF towards hydro‐conversion of HMF was relied on the amount of Pt contents on Co/Al2O3 catalyst, in which the metal sizes and acidity had meaningful effects on the hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis processes.
Enhanced adhesive and mechanically robust silicone‐based coating with excellent marine anti‐fouling and anti‐corrosion performances
Authors: Li Qiang , He Peng , Wang Haihua , Xu Ziqi , Zhan Xiaoli , Liu Quan , Zhang Qinghua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPoly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is widely used in marine antifouling coatings due to its low surface energy property. However, certain drawbacks of PDMS coatings such as poor surface adhesion, weak mechanical properties, and inadequate static antifouling performance have hindered its practical applications. Herein, condensation polymerization is utilized to prepare PDMS‐based polythiamine ester (PTUBAF) coatings that consist of PDMS, polytetrahydrofuran (PTMG), 2, 3, 5, 6‐tetrafluoro‐1, 4‐benzenedimethanol (TBD) as the main chains and isobornyl acrylate(IBA) as the antifouling group. The surface adhesion to the substrate is enhanced due to the hydrogen bond between the coated carbamate group and the hydroxyl group on the surface of the substrate. Mechanical properties of PTUBAF are significantly improved due to the benzene ring and six‐membered ring biphase hard structure. The strong synergistic effect of bactericidal groups and low surface energy surface endows the PTUBAF coating with outstanding antifouling performance. Due to the low surface energy surface, the PTUBAF coatings are also found to possess excellent anti‐corrosion. Furthermore, since the PTUBAF coatings exhibit a visible light transmittance of 91 %, they can applied as protective films for smartphones. The proposed method has the potential to boost the production and practical applications of silicone‐based coatings.
Intraflagellar transport: A critical player in photoreceptor development and the pathogenesis of retinal degenerative diseases
Authors: Gupta Mohona , Pazour Gregory J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn vertebrate vision, photons are detected by highly specialized sensory cilia called outer segments. Photoreceptor outer segments form by remodeling the membrane of a primary cilium into a stack of flattened disks. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is critical to the formation of most types of eukaryotic cilia including the outer segments. This review covers the state of knowledge of the role of IFT in the formation and maintenance of outer segments and the human diseases that result from mutations in genes encoding the IFT complex and associated motors.
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation of Pudexacianinium (ASP5354) for Dose Setting of a Phase 2 First‐in‐Patient Study: A Novel Imaging Agent for Intraoperative Ureter Visualization during Abdominopelvic Surgery
Authors: Saito Masako , Kojima Tomoki , Komatsu Kanji , Takusagawa Shin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPudexacianinium (ASP5354) chloride is an indocyanine green derivative designed to enable enhanced ureter visualization during surgery. The objective of the present analysis was to determine appropriate doses of pudexacianinium for a phase 2, dose‐ranging study (NCT04238481). Real‐time urine pudexacianinium concentration is considered a good pharmacodynamic surrogate marker, since ureter visualization likely depends on its concentration in the ureter. Using plasma and urine concentrations of pudexacianinium from a phase 1 single‐ascending‐dose (0.1‐24.0 mg) study in healthy participants, a 3‐compartment population pharmacokinetic model with a urine output compartment was developed and effectively described the concentration‐time profiles. The individual estimated glomerular filtration rates had a significant impact on drug clearance. Simulations suggested that a 1.0 mg intravenous injection would achieve target urine concentrations over 1 μg/mL (determined from previous nonclinical studies) for 3 hours postdose, assuming a urine production rate of 1.0 mL/min. Based on this simulation, doses of 0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg were proposed for the phase 2 study. The observed plasma concentrations were generally consistent with model predictions. For urine, although only limited data could be obtained due to the difficulties of spot urine collection from surgical patients, intraoperative ureter visualization was successful at 1.0 and 3.0 mg.
IFATA‐Deep net: Improved invasive feedback artificial tree algorithm with deep quantum neural network for root disease classification
Authors: Jackulin C. , Murugavalli S. , Valarmathi K. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryIdentification of crop plant disease in the early phase is one of the most vital tasks in agriculture. The infection by disease resulted in huge loss to economy. Thus, quick and precise treatment of disease prevented the product loss and enhances the product quality. In this work, a method for categorizing the root disease is developed. The goal is to create a model utilizing a collection of photos of roots to categorize root sickness. Initially, noise is removed during the pre‐processing using a Gaussian filter. The segments are generated using the Pyramid Scene Parsing Network (PSPNet). Here, PSPNet training is carried out using the improved invasive feedback artificial tree method (IFATA), which is developed by combining the improved invasive weed optimization (IIWO) and Feedback Artificial Tree (FAT). Data augmentation is done to make an image suitable for further processing. Root disease is categorized using a deep quantum neural network. With the suggested IFATA, Deep Quantum Neural Network (DQNN) is trained. The analysis of technique is performed with two databases, namely Rice root Gellan dataset and Alfalfa root crowns. The proposed IFATA‐based DQNN outperformed with higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity scores of 93.5%, 94.5%, and 90.5%, respectively.
Multi‐objective Firefly algorithm for enhanced balanced exploitation and exploration capabilities
Authors: Liu Lei 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe multi‐objective Firefly algorithm has a single strategy for finding the best in the evolutionary process, which is easy to fall into the local optimum and leads to poor distribution and convergence of the population. To address this problem, this article proposes an enhanced multi‐objective Firefly algorithm with balanced exploitation and exploration capability (MOFA‐EBE). The convergence evaluation index is introduced to divide the population into two sub‐regions according to the difference of convergence, namely, the development area and exploration area, and each sub‐region is assigned its learning strategy to maximize the utilization of population information. Since the individuals in the development region are far from the Pareto front, the Lévy flights mechanism is added to expand the search area and make them approach the Pareto front quickly under the guidance of the convergent global optimal particles to improve the convergence of the algorithm; since the individuals in the exploration region already have better convergence, they are assigned the most diverse and convergent global individuals for guidance and the Cauchy The variation mechanism is added to the Pareto frontier for continuous exploration to improve the distributivity of the algorithm. In the experimental part, the algorithm is compared with some multi‐objective optimization algorithms on 19 benchmark test functions, and the effectiveness of the added strategy of MOFA‐EBE is verified. The results show that MOFA‐EBE is significantly superior to several other algorithms in terms of improving population convergence and distributivity.
Temperature‐Controlled Hydrothermal Synthesis of α‐MnO2 Nanorods for Catalytic Oxidation of Cyclohexanone
Authors: Jha Ratnesh Kumar , Manikandan Marimuthu , Prabu Marimuthu , Vineeth Nidhi R. , Dharmalingam Praveen , Archana Ramakrishnan , Harsha Murudappa , Shankar Sonu Ram , Bhatte Kushal , Raja Thirumalaiswamy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis work describes the comparison of the catalytic performances of α‐MnO2 nanorods synthesized by a facile hydrothermal approach at varying temperatures (140–200 °C). The structure and morphology of these nanorods were analyzed by XRD, N2‐physisorption, NH3‐TPD, Raman, SEM, HRTEM, and XPS. The prepared α‐MnO2 nanorods also performed exceptionally well in the catalytic oxidation of cyclohexanone to dicarboxylic acids under mild reaction conditions. The characterization results conferred that there is a significant influence of hydrothermal temperatures on the textural properties, morphology, and catalytic activity. Notably, the α‐MnO2 nanorods obtained from 180 °C hydrothermal conditions outperformed other catalysts with 77.3 % cyclohexanone conversion and 99 % selectivity towards acid products such as adipic acid (AA), glutaric acid (GA) and succinic acid (SA). The improved catalytic activity may be attributed to the interaction of the bifunctional Mn3+/4+ redox metal centres and surface acidic sites. The present oxidation reaction was found to be a promising eco‐benign process with high selectivity for the production of commercially significant carboxylic acids from cyclohexanone.
Historic winter wheat yield, production, and economic value trends in Kansas, the “Wheat State”
Authors: Holman Johnathan D. , Obour Augustine K. , O'Brien Daniel , Assefa Yared 
Published: December 2023

AbstractYear‐to‐year weather variability and technologies (fertilizer, irrigation, herbicides, conservation tillage, varieties, mechanization, and others) are among factors that affect winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields in water‐limited cropping systems. The objective of these analyses was to quantify winter wheat yield trends, variability, relationship with weather, yield gap, and value in the “Wheat State,” Kansas. Two data sources were used for this study, that is, annual winter wheat yield reported for selected counties from the United States Department of Agriculture and the Kansas State University wheat variety performance trial near Colby, Garden City, Hays, and Tribune, Kansas. Results of the study showed a decline in harvest area and inflation‐adjusted market value per area of winter wheat beginning in the 1930s. However, both the survey and research data showed continuous increase in winter wheat yield at rates of 3–180 kg ha−1 year−1 that varied by irrigation, location, data source, or time range considered, except for a few years where yield stagnated or declined. Despite increased productivity, results indicated an increase in annual winter wheat yield variation over time. A positive correlation was observed between nonirrigated wheat yield and all months of precipitation except for January, February, and June. October through December precipitation provided the best positive correlation with nonirrigated wheat yield. Wheat yields were negatively correlated with high temperature in months that coincided with wheat flowering and maturity. The yield gap between actual and potential wheat yield was estimated at 15%–55%. The decreasing revenue per land area may be one of the reasons for decreasing wheat planted acreage over time. We concluded producers need to increase adoption of latest technology (varieties with drought and heat tolerance) and management to obtain yield potential. Research should investigate methods to increase the stability of state‐wide wheat production and financial return.
Combined 18F‐FDG PET‐CT markers in dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Mattoli Maria Vittoria , Cocciolillo Fabrizio , Chiacchiaretta Piero , Dotta Francesco , Trevisi Gianluca , Carrarini Claudia , Thomas Astrid , Sensi Stefano , Pizzi Andrea Delli , Nicola Angelo Domenico Di , Crosta Adolfo Di , Mammarella Nicola , Padovani Alessandro , Pilotto Andrea , Moda Fabio , Tiraboschi Pietro , Martino Gianluigi , Bonanni Laura 
Published: December 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTION18F‐Fluoro‐deoxyglucose–positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) is a supportive biomarker in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) diagnosis and its advanced analysis methods, including radiomics and machine learning (ML), were developed recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the FDG‐PET diagnostic performance in predicting a DLB versus Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis.METHODSFDG‐PET scans were visually and semi‐quantitatively analyzed in 61 patients. Radiomics and ML analyses were performed, building five ML models: (1) clinical features; (2) visual and semi‐quantitative PET features; (3) radiomic features; (4) all PET features; and (5) overall features.RESULTSAt follow‐up, 34 patients had DLB and 27 had AD. At visual analysis, DLB PET signs were significantly more frequent in DLB, having the highest diagnostic accuracy (86.9%). At semi‐quantitative analysis, the right precuneus, superior parietal, lateral occipital, and primary visual cortices showed significantly reduced uptake in DLB. The ML model 2 had the highest diagnostic accuracy (84.3%).DISCUSSIONFDG‐PET is a valuable tool in DLB diagnosis, having visual and semi‐quantitative analyses with the highest diagnostic accuracy at ML analyses.
Adapting dose–response methodology to improve clinical trial design for psychotherapies
Authors: Sysko Robyn , Holland Katherine , Hildebrandt Tom 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveConventional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have long served as the foundation of research in clinical psychology; however, most treatments for eating disorders show only modest effects on reduction of symptoms and maintenance of long‐term remission. New options for psychotherapy treatment development research, beyond continuing to pursue additive or subpopulation approaches, are needed.MethodsOne option is to apply dose–response designs, which are commonplace in studies of pharmacology, toxicology, and medical research, and characterized by the evaluation of the amount of exposure (dose) to an intervention, and the resulting changes in body function or health (response).ResultsEating disorder interventions are particularly well‐suited for dose–response treatment designs. The deadly nature of eating disorders makes it imperative that patients are not turned away for not being “ready” to engage with treatment. By identifying optimal doses, research will likely yield a more parsimonious course of treatment, which will lend itself to reduced costs, greater uptake, and reduced drop‐out.DiscussionLimited use of within‐subject designs in trials for patients with eating disorders has produced fast‐track efficacy studies and omitted key elements in the treatment development pathway. To decrease reliance on RCT's, dose–response methods should be applied as an alternative study design.Public SignificanceEating disorders are associated with medical and psychiatric comorbidities, poor quality of life, and high mortality. Access to evidence‐based services for patients with eating disorders is limited, and identifying additional effective treatment options can be difficult because of challenges inherent to randomized‐controlled trials. This manuscript describes an alternative trial methodology to maximize the information that can be gathered prior to utilizing a standard large‐scale efficacy design.
Investigation of vacuum measurement by nano‐gap device
Authors: Komiya Kazuki , Nagata Koki , Yamaoka Hidehiko , Date Shuichi , Miyashita Yuito , Yan Min 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdvances in microfabrication technology have enabled electron beam lithography (EB lithography) systems to produce microfabrication on the order of 10 of nanometers. Using this technology, we have fabricated nanogap electrodes that can generate large electric fields at low voltages. The gap between the tips of the fabricated electrodes is 100 nm, and the curvature of each tip is 50 nm. The device was confirmed to work as an electronic vacuum gauge, the device successfully measured vacuum from 10−3 to 1 Pa at the electrode voltage of 3 V.
The serum levels of angiopoietin‐like protein 3 and 4 in type 2 diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome compared to the control group
Authors: Hezarkhani Sharabeh , Hajighaderi Aytekin , Hosseinzadeh Sara , Behnampour Naser , Veghari Gholamreza , Fathabadi Farshid , Hesari Zahra , Joshaghani Hamid Reza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionANGPTLs (Angiopoietin‐like proteins) 3 and 4 play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes. These glycoproteins affect the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. They inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and provoke lipolysis. This study was aimed to investigate the protein levels of ANGPTL3 and 4 in the serum of type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome in comparison to the type 2 diabetic patients without metabolic syndrome and the control group.MethodsThree groups of individuals were included in this study; Group I: 47 patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome; Group II: 25 patients with type 2 diabetes without metabolic syndrome; Group III: 40 non‐diabetic healthy people without metabolic syndrome as a control group. After collection of 5 mL fasting blood samples, serum concentrations of fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol (Chol), triglyceride (TG), HDL‐C (High‐density lipoprotein‐Cholesterol) and LDL‐C (Low‐density lipoprotein‐Cholesterol) were measured by the enzymatic method; blood pressure (BP), height and weight with stadiometers; and ANGPTL3 and 4 by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsThe serum levels of ANGPTL3 was significantly different among our three groups (p = .000). In patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome (Group I), ANGPTL3 and 4 levels were lower than the control group.The serum levels of the parameters evaluated in this study (except HDL‐C) was lower in the group II in comparison with the group I, and this difference was significant for TG, Chol, BP and BMI between these two groups. Also, our results revealed that there was a negative correlation between FBS, TG, Chol, LDL‐C and BMI with ANGPTL3 and 4. While, there was a significant positive correlation between ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL3.ConclusionAltogether, our findings suggest that the decreased levels of ANGPTL3 and 4 may be a causative factor for type 2 diabetes.
Infant massage as a stress management technique for parents of hospitalized extremely preterm infants
Authors: McCarty Dana , Silver Rachel , Quinn Lauren , Dusing Stacey , O'Shea Thomas Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMothers of infants born extremely preterm requiring prolonged medical intervention in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are at high risk of developing stress. Parent‐administered infant massage is a well‐established, safe intervention for preterm infants with many developmental benefits, but the published literature has mostly examined its impact on infants and parents through self‐reported or observational measures of stress. The aim of this study was to measure salivary cortisol, a biomarker for stress, in extremely preterm infants and their mothers immediately pre and post parent‐administered infant massage in order to detect potential changes in physiologic stress. Twenty‐two mother‐infant dyads completed massage education with a physical or occupational therapist. All dyads provided salivary cortisol samples via buccal swab immediately pre‐ and post‐massage at the second session. Of mothers determined to be “cortisol responders” (15/22), salivary cortisol levels were lower after massage (pre‐minus post‐level: −26.47 ng/dL, [CI = −4.40, −48.53], p = .016, paired t‐test). Our primary findings include a clinically significant decrease (as measured by percent change) in maternal cortisol levels immediately post parent‐administered massage, indicating decreased physiological stress. Integration of infant massage into NICU clinical practice may support maternal mental health, but further powered studies are necessary to confirm findings.
Not all beef‐cut price shocks are alike: Disentangling supply and demand shocks in the US beef market
Authors: Ortez Mario A. , Tolhurst Tor N. , Thompson Nathanael M. , Widmar Nicole Olynk 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe examine the causal effects of supply and demand shocks on the relative prices of beef cuts in the United States using a Structural Vector Autoregression model to disentangle the shocks. Supply and demand shocks have distinct, dynamic effects on relative prices, of roughly equal magnitude. Responses to supply shocks are less flat than implied by biological constraints, implying market constraints are binding. Responses to demand shocks are more stable, but interestingly “invert” about 9 months after the shock. Our findings are consistent with heterogeneous demand functions and fixed proportions of supply across cuts, as well as lifecycle constraints on livestock production.
Engineers, figuring it out: Collaborative learning in cultural worlds
Authors: Nolen Susan Bobbitt , Michor Edward L. , Koretsky Milo D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough open‐ended projects are common in the first and final years of US engineering programs, middle‐year courses tend to utilize simpler highly constrained problems. Such problems can elicit knowledge and social practices typical of school activity (“School World”), with limited applicability in real engineering work (“Engineering World”). They can also result in inequitable participation in groups.PurposeWe investigate whether a single‐session, complex studio task can promote equitable disciplinary engagement in the middle years, where time is limited and students' engineering knowledge needs to be developed. We ask whether and how the task is taken up by teams “thinking and acting like students” versus “thinking and acting like engineers.”Design/MethodThis microgenetic laboratory study analyzes video data of three student teams completing a realistic complex task.ResultsTeams initially used “School World” strategies and social arrangements, but eventually the task demands and facilitator framing shifted activity to “Engineering World.” We found within‐team, between‐world differences in reasoning, tool use, and social practices. Examination of shifts from School World to Engineering World pointed to the importance of task framing, material tools, peer interaction, and facilitator support.ConclusionsActivity can shift to the disciplinary social and knowledge practices of engineering in a single task, expanding opportunities to learn those practices and promoting more equitable interactions. Instructors should seek to support disciplinary practices while preserving students' authority to make decisions. Future research should explore the impact of a steady diet of these kinds of studios in the middle years.