bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production and characterization of single-chain variable fragment antibodies targeting the breast cancer tumor marker nectin-4
Authors: Liu Ching-Hsuan , Leu Sy-Jye , Lee Chi-Hsin , Lin Cheng-Yuan , Wang Wei-Chu , Tsai Bor-Yu , Lee Yu-Ching , Chen Chi-Long , Yang Yi-Yuan , Lin Liang-Tzung 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundNectin-4 is a novel biomarker overexpressed in various types of cancer, including breast cancer, in which it has been associated with poor prognosis. Current literature suggests that nectin-4 has a role in cancer progression and may have prognostic and therapeutic implications. The present study aims to produce nectin-4-specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies and evaluate their applications in breast cancer cell lines and clinical specimens.MethodsWe generated recombinant nectin-4 ectodomain fragments as immunogens to immunize chickens and the chickens' immunoglobulin genes were amplified for construction of anti-nectin-4 scFv libraries using phage display. The binding capacities of the selected clones were evaluated with the recombinant nectin-4 fragments, breast cancer cell lines, and paraffin-embedded tissue sections using various laboratory approaches. The binding affinity and in silico docking profile were also characterized.ResultsWe have selected two clones (S21 and L4) from the libraries with superior binding capacity. S21 yielded higher signals when used as the primry antibody for western blot analysis and flow cytometry, whereas clone L4 generated cleaner and stronger signals in immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry staining. In addition, both scFvs could diminish attachment-free cell aggregation of nectin-4-positive breast cancer cells. As results from ELISA indicated that L4 bound more efficiently to fixed nectin-4 ectodomain, molecular docking analysis was further performed and demonstrated that L4 possesses multiple polar contacts with nectin-4 and diversity in interacting residues.ConclusionOverall, the nectin-4-specific scFvs could recognize nectin-4 expressed by breast cancer cells and have the merit of being further explored for potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
OCT angiography indices and the choroidal vascularity index in wild-type transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTRwt)
Authors: Rinaldi Michele , Tranfa Fausto , Chiosi Flavia , Campagna Giuseppe , De Bernardo Maddalena , Gioia Marco , Natale Francesco , Caiazza Martina , Dongiglio Francesca , Verrillo Federica , Palmiero Giuseppe , Limongelli Giuseppe , Costagliola Ciro 
Published: January 2024

PurposeRetinal angiopathy represents a well-known ocular manifestation of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv). Until recently, there have been no reports on retinal changes in ATTRwt. In this retrospective observational clinical study, we aimed to determine whether vessel density (VD) indices and the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) could offer insights into retinal and choroidal vascular changes among patients affected by ATTRwt.MethodsEighteen patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ATTRwt underwent structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). We established a control group consisting of 16 healthy subjects for statistical comparisons. The 3D OCT and OCTA datasets were analyzed to assess retinal and choroidal thickness and VD. For measuring CVI, we obtained measurements for the total choroid area (TCA), luminal area (LA), and stromal area (SA).ResultsThe mean VD exhibited a statistically significant reduction in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC) among the ATTRwt group in comparison to the control group (p &lt; 0.0001). Notably, ATTRwt patients displayed decreased choroidal thickness (p = 0.08). Additionally, the median CVI was lower in the ATTRwt group than in the control group (p = 0.04).ConclusionThe indices from OCTA and CVI have the potential to serve as non-invasive biomarkers for the quantitative evaluation of retinal and choroidal vascular involvement in patients with ATTRwt.
Modeling the effect of climatic conditions and topography on malaria incidence using Poisson regression: a Retrospective study in Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Haq Ijaz Ul , Mehmood Zafar , Khan Gausal Azam , Kainat Bushra , Ahmed Bilal , Shah Jahan , Sami Amtul , Nazar Muhammad Subhan , Xu Jielian , Xiang He 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundMalaria has been identified as a crucial vector-borne disease around the globe. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of malaria in the district of Bannu and its relationship with climatic conditions such as temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, and topography.MethodsSecondary data were obtained from the metrological office and government hospitals across the district for 5 years (2013–2017). A Poisson regression model was applied for the statistical analysis.Results and discussionThe number of reported cases of malaria was 175,198. The regression analysis showed that temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall had a significant association (p &lt; 0.05) with malaria incidence. In addition, the topographic variables were significantly associated (p &lt; 0.05) with malaria incidence in the region. The percent variation in the odds ratio of incidence was 4% for every unit increase in temperature and 2% in humidity. In conclusion, this study indicated that the temperature, humidity, rainfall, and topographic variables were significantly associated with the incidence of malaria. Effective malaria control and interventions integrated with climatic factors must be considered to overcome the disease burden.
Early vaccination of laying hens with the live bivalent Salmonella vaccine AviPro™ Salmonella DUO results in successful vaccine uptake and increased gut colonization
Authors: Cawthraw Shaun A. , Goddard Adam , Huby Tom , Ring Isaac , Chiverton Louise , Mueller-Doblies Doris 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionSalmonella Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium are the two most clinically important zoonotic Salmonella serovars and vaccination of breeding and laying hens affords effective Salmonella control. The use of live vaccines has proven beneficial for a number of reasons, including ease of application, protection from the first day of life onwards and initiation of a strong local immune response. Live vaccines can be applied in the drinking water from the first day of life onwards, but some rearers choose to wait until the end of the first week to ensure sufficient water consumption. However, this practice leaves the birds unprotected during the crucial first week of life, where they are most susceptible to colonization by field strains. The aim of this study was to determine if successful vaccine uptake is achieved when layer pullets are vaccinated as early as day one.MethodsThree pullet flocks were vaccinated at 1, 2, 3 or 5 days-of-age with AviPro™ Salmonella DUO, a live vaccine containing attenuated strains of S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium (Elanco Animal Health, Cuxhaven, Germany). The vaccine was administered via the drinking water following manufacturer’s instructions. Two days post-vaccination, 10 birds per flock were culled and caecal and liver samples taken, along with two pools of faeces per flock. Levels of vaccine strains were determined by quantitative and qualitative bacteriology.ResultsVaccine strains were detected in all birds from all age groups indicating successful uptake of the vaccine. Levels of the S. Enteritidis vaccine were higher than levels of the S. Typhimurium vaccine, with the latter frequently only detectable following enrichment. There was an inverse correlation between age and caecal levels of vaccines, with the highest numbers seen in birds vaccinated at 1-day-of-age. Interestingly, S. Enteritidis vaccine strain levels in liver samples were highest when birds were vaccinated at 5 days-of-age.DiscussionThese results show that successful uptake of both vaccine strains was evident in all age groups. The earlier the chicks were vaccinated, the higher the vaccine levels in caecal contents. We therefore recommend vaccination of pullets as early as practicably possible to ensure protection against exposure to field strains.
Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE effectively alleviates allergic rhinitis symptoms by modulating functions of various cytokines and chemokines
Authors: Han Haijun , Chen Guoliang , Zhang Bin , Zhang Xuewen , He Jingmin , Du Wenjuan , Li Ming D. 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundCurrently, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) remains high and there is a great need to develop better and safer ways to alleviate AR symptoms. The Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE probiotic was reported as an immunomodulator through maintaining Th1/Th2 balance. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of GUANKE in AR subjects.MethodsAdults aged from 18 to 60 years old and previously suffered from AR were recruited and received GUANKE probiotics treatment for 4 weeks. The questionnaires of Total nasal symptom scores (TNSS), total non-nasal symptom score (TNNSS), and rhinitis control assessment test (RCAT) were used to assess the effectiveness before and after treatment. The serum allergen-specific IgE and cytokines were also determined at baseline and after 4 weeks of probiotics administration.ResultsThe results showed that TNSS and TNNSS were significantly reduced and the RCAT score was significantly increased compared to baseline. The sub-symptom score of rhinorrhea, itching, sneezing, and tearing in each questionnaire also showed significant changes, and the serum IgE level was markedly decreased. We further measured inflammatory-related proteins in serum and found that a total of 20 proteins (6 upregulated and 14 downregulated) were significantly changed compared to baseline, including IL-4, IL-7, IL-20, IL-33, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL11, CCL4, CCL23, TGF-alpha, LAP-TGF-beta-1, MMP-1, MMP-10, AXIN1, NT-3, OSM, SCF, CD6, and NRTN. Enrichment analysis showed that these significantly altered proteins were mainly enriched in cytokine and chemokine-related signaling pathways.ConclusionTaken together, this study demonstrated the Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE can serve as an effective immunobiotic for the treatment of AR, which is realized through maintaining the Th1/Th2 balance by modulating the functions of various cytokines and chemokines.
The adverse events of CDK4/6 inhibitors for HR+/ HER2- breast cancer: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Pu Dongqing , Wu Yue , Xu Debo , Shi Guangxi , Chen Hanhan , Feng Dandan , Zhang Mengdi , Li Jingwei 
Published: January 2024

Background: The clinical selection of three CDK4/6 inhibitors presents a challenging issue, owing to the absence of distinct clinical case characteristics, biomarkers, and their comparable clinical benefits in progression-free survival and overall survival To inform clinical treatment decisions, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the adverse events associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with endocrine therapy for hazard ratio+/HER2-breast cancer.Methods: We searched Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from their inception until 1 August 2022. The results were summarized narratively, and we assessed the methodological quality, reporting quality, and evidence quality of AEs by AMSTAR-2, PRISMA, and GRADE.Results: Our analysis included 24 meta-analyses systematic reviews that evaluated the quality of AEs in 13 cases of early breast cancer (EBC) and 158 cases of advanced breast cancer The addition of CDK4/6 inhibitors was found to significantly increase AEs of any grade and AEs of grade 3 or higher in early breast cancer, along with a significant increase in the risk of treatment discontinuation. In advanced breast cancer, high and moderate-quality evidence indicated that CDK4/6 inhibitors significantly increased AEs across all grades, including grade 3/4 AEs, leucopenia, grade 3/4 leucopenia, neutropenia, grade 3/4 neutropenia, anemia, grade 3/4 anemia, nausea, grade 3/4 constipation, fatigue, pyrexia, venous thromboembolism abdominal pain, and cough. However, they did not significantly elevate the incidence of grade 3/4 diarrhea. Subgroup analysis revealed that palbociclib primarily increased hematologic toxicity, particularly grade 3/4 neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Ribociclib was mainly associated with grade 3/4 neutropenia, prolonged QT interval, and alopecia. Abemaciclib was closely linked with diarrhea and elevated blood creatinine levels.Conclusion: The AEs associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors vary, necessitating individualized and precise clinical selection for optimal management. This approach should be based on the patient’s medical history and the distinct characteristics of different CDK4/6 inhibitors to improve the patient’s quality of life.Systematic Review Registration: [https://systematicreview.gov/], identifier [CRD42022350167]
Why do democracies respond differently to COVID-19? A comparison of the United States and South Korea
Authors: Mao Yexin 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundCOVID-19 has posed severe challenges to crisis management in democracies. Different democracies respond to the crisis differently. This article proposes an analytical framework to explain why democracies respond differently to the public health crisis and how different contextual factors affect crisis response in democracies.MethodsBy comparing COVID-19 responses in the US and South Korea, this article conducts a comparative case study with a most similar system design. The two countries have been selected as cases because they are both developed democracies with a robust healthcare system. However, different contextual factors in the two countries have created different crisis responses by shaping different crisis leadership and political and social solidarity. This study collected data from different sources, including government documents, official websites, leaders’ speeches, research reports, academic articles and news media. We tried to enhance the reliability of the data by comparing different data sources.ResultsWe found that individual, institutional and cultural dimensions of contextual factors can influence different crisis responses of democratic countries by shaping crisis leadership and political and social solidarity. On the individual and institutional dimensions, leadership style and governance structure shape crisis leadership (sense making, decision making and coordinating, and meaning making), which in turn influences crisis management. On the cultural dimension, political and social solidarity measured by political polarization and social cooperation are shaped by cultural and social norms.ConclusionOur findings indicate that democracies require strong crisis leadership and a high degree of political and social solidarity to tackle public health crises. A centralized and coordinated system, as well as a political elite leadership style shaped by rich crisis response experience, expertise and high sensitivity to crises are conducive to crisis management. Fostering a cultural and social norm that facilitates state–society collaboration can promote crisis management. These findings provide valuable insights for decision-makers to effectively respond to future pandemics.
Community health nurses' concerns about infant regulatory problems are predictive of mental disorders diagnosed at hospital: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Pant Sofie Weber , Holstein Bjørn Evald , Ammitzbøll Janni , Skovgaard Anne Mette , Pedersen Trine Pagh 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionRegulatory problems of eating, sleeping, and crying in infancy may index mental health vulnerability in older ages, and knowledge is needed to inform strategies to break the developmental trajectories of dysregulation in early childhood. In this study, we examined the prospective associations between infant regulatory problems at the age of 8–10 months identified by community health nurses (CHN) and mental disorders diagnosed in hospital settings in children aged 1–8 years.MethodsFrom a cohort of all newborn children in 15 municipalities in the Capital Region of Copenhagen (N = 43,922) we included all children who were examined by CHNs at the scheduled home visit at the age of 8–10 months (N = 36,338). Outcome measures were ICD-10 mental disorders diagnosed at public hospitals and reported to the National Patient Register. Logistic regression included data on child and family covariables obtained from population registers.ResultsThe CHNs reported concerns regarding sleep in 7.7% of the study population, feeding and eating in 19.1%, combined sleeping and eating problems in 3.6%, and incessant crying in 0.7%. A total of 1,439 children (4% of the study population) were diagnosed in hospital settings with an ICD-10 mental disorder between the ages of 11 months and 8 years. Analyses adjusted for a range of perinatal and family adversities showed an increased risk of any neurodevelopmental disorder among children with CHN concerns of feeding and eating (odds ratio (OR) 1.36 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–1.63)) and co-occurrent problems of feeding and eating and sleep (OR 1.60 (95% CI 1.14–2.26)). For autism-spectrum disorders, an increased risk was seen among children with co-occurrent problems of both feeding and eating and sleep (OR 1.73 (95% CI 1.07–2.79)). Concern about feeding and eating was also associated with an increased risk of behavioral and emotional disorders (OR 1.27 (95% CI 1.03–1.56)). Concern about incessant crying at the age of 8–10 months was not associated with a diagnosed mental disorder, but findings may reflect low statistical power due to low frequency of concern.DiscussionCHN concerns mirror a group of developmentally vulnerable children. Further research is needed to explore the possibilities of preventive intervention within the general child health surveillance to address the developmental psychopathology of dysregulation in early ages.
The magnitude of correlation between deadlift 1RM and jumping performance is sports dependent
Authors: Schiemann Stephan , Keiner Michael , Wirth Klaus , Lohmann Lars H. , Wagner Carl-Maximilian , Behm David G. , Warneke Konstantin 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionBased on the assumption of maximal strength as a basic ability, several studies show a high influence of maximum strength on jumping performance in several sport athletes. However, there is a wide range of correlations from r = 0.17–0.9 between squat 1RM and jumping performance in different sports. Additionally, there are only a few studies investigating the influence of deadlift one repetition maximum (1RM) on jumping performance. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the correlations between 1RM in the deadlift on jumping performance using the countermovement jump height (CMJ) and squat jump height (SJ) considering different sports.Methods103 athletes with experience in the deadlift from soccer, basketball, American football, powerlifting as well as participants from different sports without any deadlift experience (control group) were included to this study.ResultsOverall statistics showed a significant moderate influence of deadlift 1RM (r = 0.301–0.472) on jumping performance. However, subgroup analysis showed no significant correlation between deadlift 1RM and jumping performance in control participants, while moderate correlations could be detected in powerlifters (r = 0.34–0.39), soccer players (r = 0.437–0.46), American football players (0.584–0.62) and high correlations in basketball players (r = 0.809–0.848) showing significant influence of type of sport on correlations between deadlift maximum strength and jumping performance.DiscussionPresented results underline movement velocity- and task specificity of strength training routines which is discussed in the light of the respective sports.
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN EMOSIONAL ANAK USIA PRSEKOLAH (4 -6 TAHUN) DI TK NEGERI PENGGILINGAN JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Wahyuni Salvirah Eko , Meilita Zuhriya 
Published: January 2024

Perkembangan emosional pada anak merupakan bentuk komunikasi perasaan anak sehingga perlu mendapatkan stimulasi yang baik agar tidak menimbulkan ketegangan emosi seperti anak sulit bergaul, hiperaktif, tantrum, mudah menangis, dan memiliki perilaku agresif sehingga berakibat pada mental di masa anak, remaja hingga dewasa kelak. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan emosional anak adalah pola asuh orang tua yang mencangkup pola asuh demokratis, otoriter dan permisif. Metode Penelitian deskriptif korelatif dengan teknik probability sampling dengan metode total sampling. Jumlah sampel 60 orang tua di TK Negeri Penggilingan Jakarta Timur. Analisis yang digunakan univariat dan bivariat menggunakan chi-square a= 5% . Hasil penelitian Orang tua anak di TK Negeri Penggilingan Jakarta Timur menerapkan pola asuh demokratis 41 (68,3%), otoriter 14 (23,3%)
dan permisif 5 (8,3%). Perkembangan emosional anak 37 (61,7%) anak dalam kategori normal, 18 (30%) anak dalam kategori borderline dan 5 (8,3%) anak dalam kategori abnormal. Hasil chi-square didapatkan nilai Asymp.Sig (2-sided) sebesar 0.000 (p<5%). Simpulan terdapat hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan perkembangan emosional anak yang kuat dengan nilai keeratan 0,768. Saran diharapkan adanya kerjasama oleh TK Negeri Penggilingan dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada orang tua mengenai pola asuh yang tepat guna menunjang perkembangan emosional anak agar dapat berkembang dengan baik.
HUBUNGAN KOPING STRES DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PADA MAHASISWA S1 KEPERAWATAN DI FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM AS-SYAFI’IYAH
Authors: Purwanti Tri , Seniwati Seniwati 
Published: January 2024

Koping stres merupakan suatu proses yang dinamis individu mengubah secara konstan pikiran dan perilaku mereka dalam merespon perubahan-perubahan dalam penilaian terhadap kondisi stres dan tuntutan-tuntutan, World Health Organization mencatat 27% di Asia tenggara yang mempunyai kasus stres terbanyak, dan dapat meningkatkan resiko kematian hingga 43%. Tujuan Penelitan ini untuk menganalisis hubungan koping stres terhadap motivasi belajar. Metode Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan cross sectional (potong lintang). Jumlah populasi 200 responden. Sampel yang dipilih sebanyak 133 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Kuesioner selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Chi-Square. Hasil Penelitian koping stres sebanyak 71 responden (53.4%) mendapatkan koping stress yang baik, 62 responden (46.6%) mendapatkan koping stres yang buruk, dan 72 mahasiswa (54.1%) mendapatkan motivasi belajar tinggi, 61 mahasiswa (45.9%) mendapatkan motivasi belajar yang rendah, hasil Penelitian dari Chi-Square didapatkan bahwa nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) : 0.003 nilai ini lebih besar a=5% maka hipotesis H1 diterima dan H0 ditolak. Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan koping stres dengan motivasi belajar pada mahasiswa S1 Keperawatan Di Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Islam As-Syaf’iyah dengan nilai 0,003 terdapat kategori rendah. Ini menunjukan tingkat hubungan koping stress dengan motivasi belajar yang rendah. Saran diharapkan pada peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian dengan variabel lain yang dapat mempengaruhi motivasi belajar contohnya kemampuan belajar, kondisi lingkungan dan unsur-unsur dinamis belajar.