bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radio Galaxy Zoo: Tagging radio subjects using text
Authors: Chen Dawei , Kerai Vinay , Alger Matthew J. , Wong O. Ivy , Ong Cheng Soon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRadioTalk is a communication platform that enabled members of the Radio Galaxy Zoo (RGZ) citizen science project to engage in discussion threads and provide further descriptions of the radio subjects they were observing in the form of tags and comments. It contains a wealth of auxiliary information which is useful for the morphology identification of complex and extended radio sources. In this paper, we present this new dataset, and for the first time in radio astronomy, we combine text and images to automatically classify radio galaxies using a multi-modal learning approach. We found incorporating text features improved classification performance which demonstrates that text annotations are rare but valuable sources of information for classifying astronomical sources, and suggests the importance of exploiting multi-modal information in future citizen science projects. We also discovered over 10000 new radio sources beyond the RGZ-DR1 catalogue in this dataset.
ABSOLUTE CHRONOLOGY OF THE RAMPART OF THE EARLY IRON AGE HILLFORT IN CHOTYNIEC NEAR RADYMNO (SOUTHEASTERN POLAND) IN THE CONTEXT OF RADIOCARBON DATING
Authors: Czopek Sylwester , Krąpiec Marek , Pawlyta Jacek , Tokarczyk Tomasz 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe Early Iron Age hillfort in Chotyniec (SE Poland) is the westernmost permanent settlement of the Scythian cultural circle. Recognizing the construction of the fortified settlement’s ramparts and their chronology was considered one of the priorities of the systematic research conducted since 2016. Based on 18 radiocarbon dated samples from different parts of the rampart, a chronological model of its functioning was made. It indicates that the construction of this monumental fortifications protecting the settlement in Chotyniec should be dated to between 651–595 or 531–409 BC. This dating synchronizes well with the chronology of the most important ritual and ceremonial object within the Chotyniec settlement—the so-called zolnik and other Scythian settlements from the East European forest-steppe zone.
Decolonising the History of Internationalism: Transnational Activism across the South
Authors: Lewis Su Lin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe history of internationalism has tended to focus on power centres in the Global North – London, Geneva, New York, Paris – and institutions like the League of Nations, United Nations and UNESCO. What happens when we flip our perspective, and view internationalism from the point of view of the decolonising South? What do we get when we shift our focus from world leaders to the internationalism of activists, intellectuals, feminists, poets, artists, rebels and insurgents operating in Asia and Africa? Moreover, how are our methods of researching and debating international history – in universities, archives and conferences in the Global North – structured by economic inequalities, colonial legacies and visa regimes that limit participation by scholars from the South? This paper considers how we might decolonise both the content and the methods of international history, focusing especially on leftist internationalism and South–South connections in Southeast Asia and the wider Global South.
Teaching Modern British Political History in a Politically Polarised and ‘Post-Truth’ Environment
Authors: Jobson Richard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article assesses the challenges that university-level teachers of modern British political history currently face in what is often described as a ‘post-truth’ and polarised political environment. It argues that, whilst these challenges do not always present entirely new pedagogical considerations, the sociocultural and political terrain in Britain today requires careful navigation, particularly in an academic field which addresses recent historical topics that are routinely politicised and contested in contemporary discourse. Although there is a lack of scholarly literature on the topic of teaching modern British political history in a higher education setting, this article draws upon a wide array of educational studies to map out the contours of a successful pedagogical strategy that could facilitate ‘deep’ learning in the current contextual environment. To this end, it suggests that by utilising modern British political history's interdisciplinary foundations, applying teaching techniques that help students to explore topics from multiple viewpoints, devising new and stimulating interactive tasks, and capitalising on the opportunities afforded by the Internet age, learning can be enhanced and many of the more academically problematic features and characteristics of the current political climate can be counteracted.
States as bystanders of legal change: Alternative paths for the human rights to water and sanitation in international law
Authors: Reiners Nina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article argues for international legal change in human rights as a consequence of a states-as-bystander effect: When states do neither actively drive nor block change processes, and alternative state-empowered authorities exist in a legal field, states’ position at the sidelines opens a path for non-state actors to enact substantive change. In human rights law, this is a process they route through General Comments, a powerful instrument of the human rights treaty bodies to set, expand, and redefine standards for global human rights. This article bears its core argument of a states-as-bystander effect by taking a single norm, the necessity of water for human life, and tracing its change process from non-existent in human rights law, to a non-right, to a condition for other rights, and, finally, to the recognition of water and sanitation as independent rights at the international level. Ultimately, the analysis shows that non-actors can enact change to law, and do so, on the heels of states’ relegation to the periphery of the human rights system. This opened the door for certain actors – transnational coalitions of expert body members, human rights advocates and issue professionals – to use General Comments in a way that not only impacts international legal change but can also withstand state opposition.
Between ‘Indubitably Certain’ and ‘Quite Detrimental’ to Philosophy: Kant on the Guise of the Good Thesis
Authors: Carvalho Vinicius 
Published: October 2023

AbstractKant clearly endorses some version of the ‘old formula of the schools’, according to which all volition is sub ratione boni. There has been a debate whether he holds this only for morally good actions. I argue that a closer look at the distinction between the good and the agreeable does not support this conclusion. Considering Kant’s account of the detrimental and the correct use of this thesis, I argue that rational beings always will sub ratione boni, even when they act immorally, because they act on principles. I argue that Kant’s accounts of self-love and self-conceit support this view.
Estimating the Genetic Contribution to Astigmatism and Myopia in the Mexican Population
Authors: Román-López Talía V. , García-Vilchis Brisa , Murillo-Lechuga Vanessa , Chiu-Han Enrique , López-Camaño Xanat , Aldana-Assad Oscar , Diaz-Torres Santiago , Caballero-Sánchez Ulises , Ortega-Mora Ivett , Ramírez-González Diego , Zenteno Diego , Espinosa-Valdés Zaida , Tapia-Atilano Andrea , Pradel-Jiménez Sofía , Rentería Miguel E. , Medina-Rivera Alejandra , Ruiz-Contreras Alejandra E. , Alcauter Sarael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAstigmatism and myopia are two common ocular refractive errors that can impact daily life, including learning and productivity. Current knowledge suggests that the etiology of these conditions is the result of a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Studies in populations of European ancestry have demonstrated a higher concordance of refractive errors in monozygotic (MZ) twins compared to dizygotic (DZ) twins. However, there is a lack of studies on genetically informative samples of multi-ethnic ancestry. This study aimed to estimate the genetic contribution to astigmatism and myopia in the Mexican population. A sample of 1399 families, including 243 twin pairs and 1156 single twins, completed a medical questionnaire about their own and their co-twin’s diagnosis of astigmatism and myopia. Concordance rates for astigmatism and myopia were estimated, and heritability and genetic correlations were determined using a bivariate ACE Cholesky decomposition method, decomposed into A (additive genetic), C (shared environmental) and E (unique environmental) components. The results showed a higher concordance rate for astigmatism and myopia for MZ twins (.74 and .74, respectively) than for DZ twins (.50 and .55). The AE model, instead of the ACE model, best fitted the data. Based on this, heritability estimates were .81 for astigmatism and .81 for myopia, with a cross-trait genetic correlation of rA = .80, nonshared environmental correlation rE = .89, and a phenotypic correlation of rP = .80. These results are consistent with previous findings in other populations, providing evidence for a similar genetic architecture of these conditions in the multi-ethnic Mexican population.
Series-elastic actuator with two degree-of-freedom PID control improves torque control in a powered knee exoskeleton
Authors: Sarkisian Sergei V. , Gabert Lukas , Lenzi Tommaso 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPowered exoskeletons need actuators that are lightweight, compact, and efficient while allowing for accurate torque control. To satisfy these requirements, researchers have proposed using series elastic actuators (SEAs). SEAs use a spring in series with rotary or linear actuators. The spring compliance, in conjunction with an appropriate control scheme, improves torque control, efficiency, output impedance, and disturbance rejection. However, springs add weight to the actuator and complexity to the control, which may have negative effects on the performance of the powered exoskeleton. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new SEA designs that are lighter and more efficient than available systems, as well as for control strategies that push the performance of SEA-based exoskeletons without requiring complex modeling and tuning. This article presents the design, development, and testing of a novel SEA with high force density for powered exoskeletons, as well as the use of a two degree-of-freedom (2DOF) PID system to improve output impedance and disturbance rejection. Benchtop testing results show reduced output impedance and damping values when using a 2DOF PID controller as compared to a 1DOF PID controller. Human experiments with three able-bodied subjects (N = 3) show improved torque tracking with reduced root-mean-square error by 45.2% and reduced peak error by 49.8% when using a 2DOF PID controller. Furthermore, EMG data shows a reduction in peak EMG value when using the exoskeleton in assistive mode compared to the exoskeleton operating in transparent mode.
Fractal Distribution of Subduction‐Related Crack‐Seal Veins (Schistes Lustrés, W. Alps): Implications for Fluid Flow and Rupture Processes at the Downdip End of the Seismogenic Zone
Authors: Herviou Clément , Agard Philippe , Verlaguet Anne , Gyomlai Thomas , Bonnet Guillaume , Mendes Kevin , Plunder Alexis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the Western Alps, oceanic lithosphere fragments recovered from subduction are exposed continuously across the Liguro‐Piemont domain. In this nappe‐stack, the Schistes Lustrés metasediments are volumetrically dominant and contain large amounts of high‐pressure lawsonite‐ and Fe‐Mg carpholite‐bearing veins. These veins formed close to peak burial conditions at 30–60 km depth where deep slow slips and tremors occur. In the 12 studied outcrops, vein thickness distribution fit power laws while vein spacings and clustering show significant deviations from power laws, interpreted as the result of truncation artifacts and, possibly, at least in part, of later ductile deformation. Vein distribution at the outcrop scale suggests that fluids mostly circulated pervasively through the rock rather than along major localized conduits, in agreement with geochemical studies. Through the study of vein textures at macroscopic and microscopic scales, we showed that these high‐pressure veins formed by an incremental crack‐seal mechanism under tensile and shear failure and possibly between extremely weak planes. The spacings between crack‐seal inclusion trails and bands, which is in the same order as slip increments for low frequency‐earthquakes, fit a power law for a small fractal range with a fractal exponent similar to those estimated for slow slip events and ordinary earthquakes. In addition, the shear stress drop estimated for these veins is consistent with those inferred for slow slips and tremors. Data suggest that these veins, formed at the downdip end of the seismogenic zone, may correspond to the record of successive low‐frequency earthquakes during subduction of the Liguro‐Piemont ocean.
Study of Urban Thermal Environment and Local Circulations of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Using WRF and Local Climate Zones
Authors: Xin Rui , Li Xian‐Xiang , Shi Yurong , Li Lei , Zhang Yuejuan , Liu Chun‐Ho , Dai Yongjiu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), a cluster of world‐class cities, is undergoing rapid urbanization. However, the heterogeneity of the urban thermal environment resulting from the diversity of urban forms is not yet fully understood. This paper assesses the heterogeneity of the urban heat island (UHI) effect in the GBA using the coupled Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model/multi‐layer urban canopy and building energy model (BEP/BEM), with high‐resolution local climate zone (LCZ) map as urban land use/land cover data. The average UHI intensity is found to peak at 1.8 ± 0.4°C in the evening, when the average UHI intensity of LCZ 2 can reach a maximum of 2.4 ± 0.58°C. Properly setting air‐conditioning temperatures can effectively prevent the enhancement of the UHI phenomenon at night by the anthropogenic heat (AH) released from air‐conditioning. The UHI‐induced local circulations and enhanced surface roughness inhibit the penetration of sea breezes inland, and surface wind speed decreases in all LCZs, with a maximum change of more than 0.8 m s−1. However, the increased thermal difference between land and sea leads to enhanced sea breezes offshore, especially in the Pearl River estuary. In addition, a series of sensitivity experiments have been conducted in this paper on initial and boundary conditions, building drag coefficients and urban fractions, which paves the way for further analyzing urban climate in GBA using WRF model and LCZs.
The Mojave Section of the San Andreas Fault (California): 1. Shaping the Terrace Stratigraphy of Little Rock Creek Through the Competition Between Rapid Strike‐Slip Faulting and Lateral Stream Erosion Over the Last 40 k.y.
Authors: Moulin Adrien , Cowgill Eric , Scharer Katherine , McPhilipps Devin , Heimsath Arjun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo determine the post‐40 ka slip‐rate along the Mojave section of the San Andreas Fault (MSAF) we re‐analyze the sedimentary record preserved where Little Rock (LR) Creek flows across the fault. At this location, interaction between the northeast‐flowing stream and right‐lateral fault has resulted in the abandonment and preservation of 11 strath terraces and one paleo‐floodplain in the downstream trailing corner of the river, two of which are also preserved upstream to provide cross‐fault matches. A new model of fault‐induced river deflection, together with standard terrace riser restoration, yields strike‐slip displacements of 1,140 ± 160 m for the older terrace and 360 ± 70 m for the younger one. When combined with new 10Be dating and reinterpretation of prior measurements the displaced terraces yield right‐lateral slip‐rates of 27.7+6.9/−3.5 and 26.8+3.4/−3.0 mm/yr over the last 23 k.y. and last 40 k.y., where uncertainties are at 95% credible intervals. These new rate determinations are consistent with independent late Holocene estimates, indicating that the long‐term rate of strain accumulation along the MSAF is relatively fast and does not vary significantly when averaged over timescales of 15–20 k.y. Using our new model of stream deflection, we find that the fluvial sequence was emplaced in two distinct periods, each characterized by a temporally stable but markedly different deflected river geometry. Each period coincides with a distinct stage of erosive power along LR Creek determined from independent paleoclimate proxies. Importantly, application of the new river‐deflection model allows strike‐slip displacements to be determined in the absence of upstream piercing points.
Zones of Weakness Within the Juan de Fuca Plate Mapped From the Integration of Multiple Geophysical Data and Their Relation to Observed Seismicity
Authors: Ashraf Asif , Filina Irina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to explain the nonuniform earthquake pattern along the Cascadia Subduction Zone. In particular, we investigate the relationship between the tectonic features of the subducting oceanic Juan de Fuca slab and the onshore seismicity pattern. We have integrated multiple geophysical data sets toward three general objectives. The first study intends to study variations in physical properties along three 2‐dimensional models through regions of different seismicities that combine public gravity, magnetic, and seismic data sets. These models reveal multiple zones of decreased crustal density that we interpret as regions of weaker oceanic crust. The second objective is to delineate major tectonic features by performing spatial analysis of potential fields. The overall methodology comprises gravity and magnetic data filtering, followed by lineaments mapping and cross‐referencing interpretation with available seismic reflection data. This process allows delineating zones of crustal weakness by extrapolating outside our three 2‐D models. We also map multiple seamounts that appear to cluster along identified zones of weaker crust. Third, we investigate the relationship between the mapped tectonic elements, namely the zones of weak crust with accompanying seamounts, and the observed seismicity trends within the subducted slab. The alignment between those suggests that mapped weak crust zones and associated seamounts may have an influence on the overall subduction process. As more of these structures are heading toward the Washington portion of the margin than to the Oregon portion, more earthquakes are observed in the north than in the south.
TRAF7-targeted HOXA5 acts as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer progression and stemness via transcriptionally activating SPRY2 and regulating MEK/ERK signaling
Authors: Ye Jianfeng , Liu Wangmin , Yu Xueyang , Wu Lina , Chen Zhengjie , Yu Yufei , Wang Jianfeng , Bai Song , Zhang Mo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHomeobox A5 (HOXA5), a homeodomain transcription factor, is considered a tumor suppressor in cancer progression; however, its function in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. This study focused on the relevance of HOXA5 in PCa progression. We identified the downregulation of HOXA5 in PCa tissues based on the TCGA database and further verified in 30-paired PCa and adjacent normal tissues. Functional studies revealed that HOXA5 upregulation impaired the stem-like characteristics and malignant behaviors of PCa cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, HOXA5 was found to be regulated by tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 7 (TRAF7), a putative E3-ubiquitin ligase. We observed that TRAF7 was overexpressed in PCa and subsequently enhanced the degradation of HOXA5 protein via its ubiquitin ligase activity, contributing to the acquisition of an aggressive PCa phenotype. For its downstream mechanism, we demonstrated that sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 2 (SPRY2) served as a downstream target of HOXA5. HOXA5 could directly bind to the SPRY2 promoter, thereby regulating the SPRY2-mediated MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Silencing SPRY2 largely compromised the tumor-suppressive effect of HOXA5 in PCa progression and cancer stemness. Our findings highlight the previously-underappreciated signaling axis of TRAF7–HOXA5–SPRY2, which provides a novel prognostic and therapeutic target for PCa treatment.
Initial conditions combine with sensory evidence to induce decision-related dynamics in premotor cortex
Authors: Boucher Pierre O. , Wang Tian , Carceroni Laura , Kane Gary , Shenoy Krishna V. , Chandrasekaran Chandramouli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe used a dynamical systems perspective to understand decision-related neural activity, a fundamentally unresolved problem. This perspective posits that time-varying neural activity is described by a state equation with an initial condition and evolves in time by combining at each time step, recurrent activity and inputs. We hypothesized various dynamical mechanisms of decisions, simulated them in models to derive predictions, and evaluated these predictions by examining firing rates of neurons in the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) of monkeys performing a perceptual decision-making task. Prestimulus neural activity (i.e., the initial condition) predicted poststimulus neural trajectories, covaried with RT and the outcome of the previous trial, but not with choice. Poststimulus dynamics depended on both the sensory evidence and initial condition, with easier stimuli and fast initial conditions leading to the fastest choice-related dynamics. Together, these results suggest that initial conditions combine with sensory evidence to induce decision-related dynamics in PMd.
Soluble organic matter Molecular atlas of Ryugu reveals cold hydrothermalism on C-type asteroid parent body
Authors: Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe , Hertkorn Norbert , Harir Mourad , Moritz Franco , Lucio Marianna , Bonal Lydie , Quirico Eric , Takano Yoshinori , Dworkin Jason P. , Naraoka Hiroshi , Tachibana Shogo , Nakamura Tomoki , Noguchi Takaaki , Okazaki Ryuji , Yabuta Hikaru , Yurimoto Hisayoshi , Sakamoto Kanako , Yada Toru , Nishimura Masahiro , Nakato Aiko , Miyazaki Akiko , Yogata Kasumi , Abe Masanao , Usui Tomohiro , Yoshikawa Makoto , Saiki Takanao , Tanaka Satoshi , Terui Fuyuto , Nakazawa Satoru , Okada Tatsuaki , Watanabe Sei-ichiro , Tsuda Yuichi ,   Hayabusa2-initial-analysis SOM team, Hamase Kenji , Furusho Aogu , Hashiguchi Minako , Fukushima Kazuhiko , Aoki Dan , Aponte José C. , Parker Eric T. , Glavin Daniel P. , McLain Hannah L. , Elsila Jamie E. , Graham Heather V. , Eiler John M. , Ruf Alexander , Orthous-Daunay Francois-Regis , Isa Junko , Vuitton Véronique , Thissen Roland , Ogawa Nanako O. , Sakai Saburo , Yoshimura Toshihiro , Koga Toshiki , Sugahara Haruna , Ohkouchi Naohiko , Mita Hajime , Furukawa Yoshihiro , Oba Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe sample from the near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu is analyzed in the context of carbonaceous meteorites soluble organic matter. The analysis of soluble molecules of samples collected by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft shines light on an extremely high molecular diversity on the C-type asteroid. Sequential solvent extracts of increasing polarity of Ryugu samples are analyzed using mass spectrometry with complementary ionization methods and structural information confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Here we show a continuum in the molecular size and polarity, and no organomagnesium molecules are detected, reflecting a low temperature and water-rich environment on the parent body approving earlier mineralogical and chemical data. High abundance of sulfidic and nitrogen rich compounds as well as high abundance of ammonium ions confirm the water processing. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are also detected in a structural continuum of carbon saturations and oxidations, implying multiple origins of the observed organic complexity, thus involving generic processes such as earlier carbonization and serpentinization with successive low temperature aqueous alteration.