bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buckling and fracture characterization of pristine bundles of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes using quantitative in situ TEM axial compression
Authors: Samira Raz , Cohen Adam , Eliasi Rami , Sherman Dov , Patolsky Fernando , Lachman Noa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This work investigates the mechanical deformation and fracture characteristics of pristine bundles of vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) subjected to axial compression in situ transmission electron microscope (TEM). Accurate measurements of force-displacement data were collected simultaneously with real-time TEM videos of the deformation process. Two distinct regimes were observed in the force-displacement curve: (1) an initial elastic section with a linear slope, followed by (2) a transition to a force plateau at a critical buckling force. Morphological data revealed coordinated buckling of the pristine bundle, indicating strong van der Waals (VdW) forces between the nanotubes. The experimental setup measured an effective modulus of 83.9 GPa for an MWCNT bundle, which was in agreement with finite element analysis (FEA) simulations. FEA also highlighted the significant role of VdW forces in the bundle mechanical reactions. Furthermore, we identified nickel nanoparticles as key players in the fracture behavior of the bundles, acting as nucleation sites for defects. The direct mechanical measurements of MWCNT bundles provide valuable insights into their mechanical deformation and fracture behavior, while correlating it to the morphology of the bundle. Understanding these interactions at the bundle level is crucial for improving the reliability and durability of VACNTs-based components.
Polyethylene glycol with dual three-dimensional porous carbon nanotube/diamond: a high thermal conductivity of composite PCM
Authors: Feng Xurui , Zhang Yuanying , Yang Zhiliang , Zhao Zihao , Zhu Fen , Wei Xinyi , Chen Liangxian , Liu Jinlong , Feng Yanhui , Li Chengming , Feng Daili , Wei Junjun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used as a phase change material (PCM) in thermal energy storage systems due to its high latent heat and chemical stability. However, practical application has been hindered by its low thermal conductivity and leakage issues. Therefore, developing shape-stable high thermal conductivity PCM is of great importance. In this study, new shape-stable composite PCM with high thermal conductivity and leak-prevention capabilities were designed. The porous carbon skeleton of diamond foam (DF) and dual-3D carbon nanotube-diamond foam (CDF) were prepared using the microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition method. The composite materials (DF/PEG and CDF/PEG) were produced by vacuum impregnation with PEG and skeletons. The results showed that CDF/PEG had the highest thermal conductivity, measuring 2.30 W·m−1·K−1, which is 707% higher than that of pure PEG. The employing of 3D networks of CNTs, which can improve the phonon mean free path in DF/PEG (1.79 W·m−1·K−1) while reducing phonon dispersion.The phonon vibration of dual-3D CDF plays an important role in heat transfer. PEG was physically absorbed and well-distributed in CDF, alleviating leakage of liquid PEG. The weight loss of CDF/PEG was only 25% at 70 °C for 120 s. Using CDF is an attractive and efficient strategy to increase the heat transfer of PEG and improve heat storage efficiency, alleviate the problem of poor shape-stability.
Tranexamic acid (class I drug) reduced and capped gold nanoparticles as a potential hemostatic agent with enhanced performance
Authors: Jha Chandan Bhogendra , Singh Chitrangda , Patil Parag , Manna Kuntal , Singh Sweta , Varshney Raunak , Mathur Rashi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
External hemostatic agents play a crucial role in stabilizing an impaired process during pathological conditions. The idea is to stabilize the in vivo system as soon as possible. This study uses a class I hemostatic drug tranexamic acid as a reducing and capping agent for synthesizing the gold nanoparticles (Tr-AuNPs). Being the synthetic analogue of lysine and a biologically inspired alkylamine molecule, the chemistry can be fine-tuned for stable material that can simultaneously target the intrinsic and extrinsic hemostatic pathway, making it promising for hemostatic applications. The Tr-AuNPs of hydrodynamic diameter ∼46 nm were synthesized and evaluated physio-chemically using various analytical techniques wherein they showed hemocompatibility and increased thrombus weight compared to the native drug. The decrease in prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio supported by the dynamic thromboelastography (TEG) study indicates the prepared nano-conjugate’s potential in reducing time for attaining hemostasis as compared to the native tranexamic acid drug. At a 9 μg ml−1 concentration, Tr-AuNPs had a procoagulant effect, shown by decreased reaction time (R) and coagulation time (K) with improved α angle and MA. There was a significant increase in the rate of coagulation in vivo by Tr-AuNPs, i.e. (52 s) compared to the native tranexamic acid (360 s). Radiolabelling studies ascertained the in vivo biocompatibility (non-invasive distribution, residence, clearance, and stability) of the Tr-AuNPs. The short-term toxicity studies were conducted to establish a proof of concept for the biomedical application of the material. The results highlighted the use of biologically alkyl amine molecules as capping and reducing agents for the synthesis of nanoparticles, which have shown a synergistic effect on the coagulation cascade while holding the potential for also acting as potential theranostic agents.
High precision of sign language recognition based on In2O3 transistors gated by AlLiO solid electrolyte
Authors: Bian Jing , Geng Sunyingyue , Dong Shijie , Yu Teng , Fan Shuangqing , Xu Ting , Su Jie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the synaptic properties of transistors have been extensively studied. Compared with liquid or organic material-based transistors, inorganic solid electrolyte-gated transistors have the advantage of better chemical stability. This study uses a simple, low-cost solution technology to prepare In2O3 transistors gated by AlLiO solid electrolyte. The electrochemical performance of the device is achieved by forming a double electric layer and electrochemical doping, which can mimic basic functions of biological synapses, such as excitatory postsynaptic current, paired-pulse promotion, and spiking time-dependent plasticity. Furthermore, complex synaptic behaviors such as Pavlovian classical conditioning is successfully emulated. With a 95% identification accuracy, an artificial neural network based on transistors is built to recognize sign language and enable sign language interpretation. Additionally, the handwriting digit’s identification accuracy is 94%. Even with various levels of Gaussian noise, the recognition rate is still above 84%. The above findings demonstrate the potential of In2O3/AlLiO TFT in shaping the next generation of artificial intelligence.
Magnetocardiography-based coronary artery disease severity assessment and localization using spatiotemporal features
Authors: Han Xiaole , Pang Jiaojiao , Xu Dong , Wang Ruizhe , Xie Fei , Yang Yanfei , Sun Jiguang , Li Yu , Li Ruochuan , Yin Xiaofei , Xu Yansong , Fan Jiaxin , Dong Yiming , Wu Xiaohui , Yang Xiaoyun , Yu Dexin , Wang Dawei , Gao Yang , Xiang Min , Xu Feng , Sun Jinji , Chen Yuguo , Ning Xiaolin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective. This study aimed to develop an automatic and accurate method for severity assessment and localization of coronary artery disease (CAD) based on an optically pumped magnetometer magnetocardiography (MCG) system. Approach. We proposed spatiotemporal features based on the MCG one-dimensional signals, including amplitude, correlation, local binary pattern, and shape features. To estimate the severity of CAD, we classified the stenosis as absence or mild, moderate, or severe cases and extracted a subset of features suitable for assessment. To localize CAD, we classified CAD groups according to the location of the stenosis, including the left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex artery (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA), and separately extracted a subset of features suitable for determining the three CAD locations. Main results. For CAD severity assessment, a support vector machine (SVM) achieved the best result, with an accuracy of 75.1%, precision of 73.9%, sensitivity of 67.0%, specificity of 88.8%, F1-score of 69.8%, and area under the curve of 0.876. The highest accuracy and corresponding model for determining locations LAD, LCX, and RCA were 94.3% for the SVM, 84.4% for a discriminant analysis model, and 84.9% for the discriminant analysis model. Significance. The developed method enables the implementation of an automated system for severity assessment and localization of CAD. The amplitude and correlation features were key factors for severity assessment and localization. The proposed machine learning method can provide clinicians with an automatic and accurate diagnostic tool for interpreting MCG data related to CAD, possibly promoting clinical acceptance.
Anti-reflective MX (M = Sc and Y; X = N, P, As, Sb and Bi) monolayers: structural, electronic and optical study
Authors: Babaee Touski Shoeib , Hosseini Manouchehr , Kokabi Alireza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the structural, electronic and optical properties of tetragonal binary monolayers of MX (M = Sc, Y; X = As, Bi, N, P, Sb) are investigated using the density functional theory. The optical study demonstrates that ScN and YN compounds are promising anti-reflective materials. All compounds are found to be semiconductors with a bandgap in the range of 0.45–1.8 eV. Among these compounds, ScN and YN have a direct bandgap at Γ-point while the remainings demonstrate an indirect bandgap. It is found that the structural anisotropy controls the anisotropy of the electronic properties. The biaxial strain analysis shows that YBi monolayer has the maximum linear strain bandgap dependency, making it a suitable candidate for pressure sensing applications. The ScN and YN monolayers demonstrate a phase transition from semiconductive to Dirac semi-metallic characteristics at large compressive strains.
Combining orbit jump and potential wells optimizations for nonlinear vibration energy harvesters
Authors: Saint-Martin C , Morel A , Charleux L , Roux E , Gibus D , Benhemou A , Badel A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nonlinear vibration energy harvesters (VEHs) are widely used for scavenging vibrational energy due to their broadband behaviors. However, they exhibit multiple orbits of different powers for a given excitation, including low-power orbits that might limit their performance. To address this issue and enhance nonlinear VEHs performance, various studies have defined orbit jump strategies to transition from low-power to high-power orbits. Another way to maximize the power of nonlinear VEHs is to optimize their geometry by finely engineering their potential wells (PWs). In this letter, we propose an orbit jump strategy for bistable VEHs that combines the two latter approaches, i.e. that simultaneously optimizes their PWs while jumping from low-power to high-power orbits. This orbit jump strategy is optimized using a numerical criterion that takes into account the robustness of the jumps and the invested energy. The proposed orbit jump strategy has been experimentally validated for vibration frequencies between 30 and 60 Hz. It is shown that the proposed approach can increase the power by an average of 121 times over the considered frequency range. Compared to traditional orbit jump strategies, the proposed approach, which combines orbit jumping and PWs optimizations, increases by up to three times the harvested power.
Multimode coaxial extrusion of segmented core-shell structures for soft metamechanics and biomimetic applications
Authors: Xu Jiawen , Cao Yanbing , Wang Zhenyu , Nie Heng-Yong , Wang Xiaolong , Liu Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The unique ability to combine versatile materials via additive manufacturing greatly enhances the functionalities of soft machines. However, manufacturing for multi-material devices often involves complex and redundant procedures. Herein, we develop a multimode coaxial direct ink writing method for efficient 3D printing of multi-material filaments in the form of core-shell material distribution at millimeter scales. Through simulations and experiments, essential printing parameters, such as extrusion pressure and deposition speed combinations, are investigated to control compositions simultaneously. As exemplars, we fabricate soft lattices presenting tunable mechanical responses by printing soft and tough silicone in a single pass. We also demonstrate bio-mimetic potentials by fabricating soft fingers and magnetic shape-shifting structures with multiple functional materials. Our method is expected to provide a new paradigm for designing and manufacturing the rapid prototyping of soft functional machines.
Narrow-band and highly absorbing fano resonance in a cavity-coupled dielectric metasurface
Authors: Yu Jiachen , Wulan Qiqige , Xing Li , Liu Zhijun , Peng Hao , Chen Zhi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Metamaterial resonance offers a flexibility in engineering the frequency and bandwidth of light absorption for a variety of optoelectronic applications such as wavelength-selective photodetection, optical sensing and infrared camouflaging etc. In this paper, we demonstrate a class of metal-dielectric thin-film cavity-coupled dielectric metasurfaces, which feature Fano resonances with both narrow bandwidth and strong light absorption. Our fabricated metasurface consists of a Si cuboid array on top of a SiO2 film backed with a metallic Cu layer. The weak coupling between electric mie mode in Si cuboid and Fabry–Perot mode within the SiO2 spacer layer yields a Fano resonance at 4.19 μm wavelength, which exhibits a strong light absorption of 65.8% and a quality (Q) factor of 112. The strongly absorbing Fano resonance is tunable within the 3–5 μm band by varying geometric parameters of the metasurface. To reveal potential application of the metasurface, the Fano resonance is applied in refractive index sensing and exhibits a sensitivity of 518.75 nm RIU−1 and a figure-of-merit (FoM) of 14.82 RIU−1. These results suggest that cavity-coupling presents an effective way in reducing the resonance bandwidth and enhancing light absorption in dielectric metamaterials, which holds promise for expanding the properties and device functionalities of metamaterials.
Resolution recovery on list mode MLEM reconstruction for dynamic cardiac SPECT system
Authors: Feng Yuemeng , Worstell William , Kupinski Matthew , Furenlid Lars R , Sabet Hamid 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Dynamic Cardiac SPECT (DC-SPECT) system is being developed at the Massachusetts General Hospital, featuring a static cardio focus asymmetrical geometry enabling simultaneous high-resolution and high-sensitivity imaging. Among 14 design iterations of the DC-SPECT with varying number of detector heads, system sensitivity and resolution, the current version under development features 10 mm FWHM geometrical resolution (without resolution recovery) and 0.07% sensitivity at the center of the FOV, this is 1.5× resolution gain and 7× sensitivity gain compared to a conventional dual head gamma camera (0.01% sensitivity and 15-mm resolution). This work presents improvement in imaging resolution by implementing a spatially variant point spread function (SV-PSF) with list mode MLEM reconstruction. A resolution recovery method by PSF deconvolution is validated on list mode MLEM reconstruction for the DC-SPECT. A spatial invariant PSF is included as an additional test to show the influence of the PSF modelling accuracy on reconstructed image quality. We compare the MLEM reconstruction with and without PSF deconvolution; an analytic model is used for the calculation of system response, and the results are compared to the reconstruction with system modelling using Monte Carlo (MC) based methods. Results show that with PSF modelling applied, the quality of the reconstructed image is improved, and the DC-SPECT system can achieve a 4.5 mm central spatial resolution with average 795 counts/Mbq. Both the SV-PSF and the spatial-invariant PSF improve the image quality, and the reconstruction with SV-PSF generates line profiles closer to the ground truth. The results show substantial improvement over the GE Discovery 570c performance (7 mm spatial resolution with an average 460 counts/MBq, 5.8 mm resolution at the FOV center). The impact of PSF deconvolution is significant, improvement of the reconstructed image quality is evident in comparison to MC simulated system matrix with the same sampling size in the simulation.
How to identify and characterize strongly correlated topological semimetals
Authors: Kirschbaum Diana M , Lužnik Monika , Roy Gwenvredig Le , Paschen Silke 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
How strong correlations and topology interplay is a topic of great current interest. In this perspective paper, we focus on correlation-driven gapless phases. We take the time-reversal symmetric Weyl semimetal as an example because it is expected to have clear (albeit nonquantized) topological signatures in the Hall response and because the first strongly correlated representative, the noncentrosymmetric Weyl–Kondo semimetal Ce3Bi4Pd3, has recently been discovered. We summarize its key characteristics and use them to construct a prototype Weyl–Kondo semimetal temperature-magnetic field phase diagram. This allows for a substantiated assessment of other Weyl–Kondo semimetal candidate materials. We also put forward scaling plots of the intrinsic Berry-curvature-induced Hall response vs the inverse Weyl velocity—a measure of correlation strength, and vs the inverse charge carrier concentration—a measure of the proximity of Weyl nodes to the Fermi level. They suggest that the topological Hall response is maximized by strong correlations and small carrier concentrations. We hope that our work will guide the search for new Weyl–Kondo semimetals and correlated topological semimetals in general, and also trigger new theoretical work.
The effect of maximum diameter of geogrid-reinforced sandy soil particles on shear strength parameters
Authors: Fateh Amir Mansour Askari , Goleij Mahdiye 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Geogrid reinforcement is an effective method for improving the strength characteristics and bearing capacity of granular soils. The dimensional ratio of the diameter of soil particles to the mesh size of geogrid apertures can be effective on the strength performance and stress- deformation of the reinforced soil. To explore these factors, a sandy soil sample from Tonekabon (Iran) was separated into three gradations with a maximum particle diameter of 4.75, 2, and 0.425 mm, with an average relative density of about 57%. The samples were reinforced with two types of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) mesh as a geogrid, with aperture dimensions of 5 and 3 mm. All the samples were subjected to compressive loading in the triaxial shear apparatus under effective stress conditions. With a relative increase in the mesh size of the geogrid aperture to the maximum dimension of the reinforced soil grains, the internal friction angle decreased. Moreover, reinforcement of non-cohesive sandy soil caused apparent cohesion in the consolidated undrained conditions, and this was more evident with the reduction of the maximum diameter of sand particles. Decreasing the maximum diameter of the particles from 4.75 to 0.425 mm in the unreinforced and reinforced conditions caused the internal friction angle of the soil to drop by about 8%–10%. For the non-cohesive sandy soil, the results showed that soil reinforcement caused a more salient apparent cohesion in the soil with the maximum diameter of smaller particles. The sand passing through sieve #40 (0.425 mm) showed a cohesion of 0.2 to 0.34 kg/cm2 upon reinforcement with both types of meshes, while the soil lacked significant cohesion in the unreinforced conditions.
Ancient Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Annas Julia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ancient Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction explores the tradition of ancient philosophy. It elaborates on the key themes and debates of Graeco-Roman philosophy. Due to the long, rich, and variety of ancient philosophy, the field is in constant discussion and argument. The VSI showcases a sense of freshness and liveliness in the field of ancient philosophy in a wide variety of themes and styles in an attempt of branching itself away from the presentation of ancient philosophy as a success of Great Thinkers. It also highlights the relationship of ancient Graeco-Roman philosophy to other traditions and its subsequent relevance to modern thinkers.
The Relevance of Arterial Blood Pressure in the Management of Glaucoma Progression: A Systematic Review
Authors: Van Eijgen Jan , Melgarejo Jesus D , Van Laeken Jana , Van der Pluijm Claire , Matheussen Hanne , Verhaegen Micheline , Van Keer Karel , Maestre Gladys E , Al-Aswad Lama A , Vanassche Thomas , Zhang Zhen-Yu , Stalmans Ingeborg 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of global blindness and is expected to co-occur more frequently with vascular morbidities in the upcoming years, as both are aging-related diseases. Yet, the pathogenesis of glaucoma is not entirely elucidated and the interplay between intraocular pressure, arterial blood pressure (BP) and ocular perfusion pressure is poorly understood.

OBJECTIVES
This systematic review aims to provide clinicians with the latest literature regarding the management of arterial BP in glaucoma patients.

METHODS
A systematic search was performed in Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Articles written in English assessing the influence of arterial BP and systemic antihypertensive treatment of glaucoma and its management were eligible for inclusion. Additional studies were identified by revising references included in selected articles.

RESULTS
80 Articles were included in this systemic review. A bimodal relation between BP and glaucoma progression was found. Both high and low BP increase the risk of glaucoma. Glaucoma progression was, possibly via ocular perfusion pressure variation, strongly associated with nocturnal dipping and high variability in the BP over 24 h.

CONCLUSIONS
We concluded that systemic BP level associates with glaucomatous damage and provided recommendations for the management and study of arterial BP in glaucoma. Prospective clinical trials are needed to further support these recommendations.