bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental Roots of Human Self-consciousness
Authors: Rochat Philippe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Human consciousness is considered in the perspective of early development. Infants and young children remind us that at its core, the problem of consciousness is primarily a problem of identity, in particular a problem of self-identity with others in mind. It is about how we feel and construe ourselves as an entity among other entities. It is about becoming co-conscious: Aware of oneself through the evaluative eyes of others. This development unfolds in the first 18 months of life, following major steps that are described, and arguably considered as a human trademark.
Metacognitive Awareness and the Subjective Experience of Remembering in Aphantasia
Authors: Siena Michael J. , Simons Jon S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Individuals with aphantasia, a nonclinical condition typically characterized by mental imagery deficits, often report reduced episodic memory. However, findings have hitherto rested largely on subjective self-reports, with few studies experimentally investigating both objective and subjective aspects of episodic memory in aphantasia. In this study, we tested both aspects of remembering in aphantasic individuals using a custom 3-D object and spatial memory task that manipulated visuospatial perspective, which is considered to be a key factor determining the subjective experience of remembering. Objective and subjective measures of memory performance were taken for both object and spatial memory features under different perspective conditions. Surprisingly, aphantasic participants were found to be unimpaired on all objective memory measures, including those for object memory features, despite reporting weaker overall mental imagery experience and lower subjective vividness ratings on the memory task. These results add to newly emerging evidence that aphantasia is a heterogenous condition, where some aphantasic individuals may lack metacognitive awareness of mental imagery rather than mental imagery itself. In addition, we found that both participant groups remembered object memory features with greater precision when encoded and retrieved in the first person versus third person, suggesting a first-person perspective might facilitate subjective memory reliving by enhancing the representational quality of scene contents.
A Machine Learning Study of Anxiety-related Symptoms and Error-related Brain Activity
Authors: Grabowska Anna , Sondej Filip , Senderecka Magdalena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Changes in error processing are observable in a range of anxiety-related disorders. Numerous studies, however, have reported contradictory and nonreplicating findings, thus the exact mapping of brain response to errors (i.e., error-related negativity [ERN]; error-related positivity [Pe]) onto specific anxiety symptoms remains unclear. In this study, we collected 16 self-reported scores of anxiety dimensions and obtained spatial features of EEG recordings from 171 individuals. We then used machine learning to (1) identify symptoms that are central for elevated ERN/Pe and (2) estimate the generalizability of traditional statistical approaches. ERN was associated with rumination, threat overestimation, and inhibitory intolerance of uncertainty. Pe was associated with rumination, prospective intolerance of uncertainty, and behavioral inhibition. Our findings emphasize that not only the amplitude of ERN but also other sources of brain signal variance encode information relevant to individual differences in error processing. The results of the generalizability check reveal the need for a change in result-validation methods to move toward robust findings that reflect stable individual differences and clinically useful biomarkers. Our study benefits from the use of machine learning to improve the generalizability of results.
Nonfrontal Control of Working Memory
Authors: Christophel Thomas , Weber Simon , Yan Chang , Stopak Lee , Hetzer Stefan , Haynes John-Dylan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Items held in visual working memory can be quickly updated, replaced, removed, and even manipulated in accordance with current behavioral goals. Here, we use multivariate pattern analyses to identify the patterns of neuronal activity that realize the executive control processes supervising these flexible stores. We find that portions of the middle temporal gyrus and the intraparietal sulcus represent what item is cued for continued memorization independently of representations of the item itself. Importantly, this selection-specific activity could not be explained by sensory representations of the cue and is only present when control is exerted. Our results suggest that the selection of memorized items might be controlled in a distributed and decentralized fashion. This evidence provides an alternative perspective to the notion of “domain general” central executive control over memory function.
Effects of Intraseasonal Oscillation on Timing and Subseasonal Predictability of Mei-yu Onset over the Yangtze River Basin
Authors: Wei Sizhuo , Hsu Pang-Chi , Xie Jinhui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The time of rainy season onset is crucial information for policymakers, especially in densely populated regions such as the Yangtze River basin (YRB) in China. In this study, we proposed a new grid-based index to objectively detect mei-yu onset timing using reanalysis data and model predictions, and then we identified the key processes via which intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) affects the YRB mei-yu onset and its subseasonal predictability based on scale-decomposed moisture analysis. Climatologically, propagation of an ISO anticyclonic anomaly toward East China supports the moisture convergence required for rainy season onset over the YRB via interaction with the seasonal-mean moisture component. In the years of early mei-yu onset, the ISO was enhanced earlier in May and favored the moisture convergence anomaly in late May–early June, when the mei-yu started. In contrast, the enhanced ISO and associated moistening processes were observed later in June–early July in the years with delayed onset. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and National Centers for Environmental Prediction models show skillful prediction of mei-yu onset at forecast lead times of 5–6 pentads, whereas the China Meteorological Administration model has limited skill of 3 pentads. The differences in model prediction skill are related to the accuracy of predicted moisture convergence anomalies induced by the ISO. The prediction bias in mei-yu onset timing (early or delayed) is also connected to bias in the occurrence timing of enhanced intraseasonal perturbations, suggesting the vital role of ISO in YRB mei-yu onset on the subseasonal time scale.
How migraine and its associated treatment impact on pregnancy outcomes: Umbrella review with updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Phillips Katherine , Clerkin-Oliver Conor , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah , Crowe Francesca L , Wakerley Benjamin R 
Published: February 2024

Background Migraine is common in reproductive aged women. Understanding the impact of migraine and associated treatments on pregnancy outcomes remains very important. An umbrella review of systematic reviews, with or without meta-analyses, examined the link between migraine and pregnancy outcomes. Methods We systematically searched Medline, Embase and Cochrane to 27 October 2022. Quality appraisal was carried out using the AMSTAR2 tool. An established framework was used to determine whether included reviews were eligible for update. Results Four studies met review criteria. Migraine was reported to be associated with increased odds ratio (OR) of pre-eclampsia, low birth weight and peripartum mental illness (pooled OR = 3.54 (2.24–5.59)). Triptan-exposed women had increased odds of miscarriage compared to women without migraine (pooled OR = 3.54 (2.24–5.59)). In updated meta-analyses, migraine was associated with an increased odds of pre-eclampsia and preterm birth (pooled OR = 2.05 (1.47–2.84) and 1.26 (1.21–1.32) respectively). Conclusions Migraine is associated with increased odds of pre-eclampsia, peripartum mental illness and preterm birth. Further investigation of the relationship between migraine and placental abruption, low birth weight and small for gestational age is warranted, as well as the relationship between migraine, triptans and miscarriage risk. Systematic Review Registration: Prospero CRD42022357630
Long-term clinical and ultrasound follow-up after transient perivascular inflammation of the carotid artery (TIPIC) syndrome: a multicenter study
Authors: Obadia Michael , Nasr Nathalie , Volle Geoffroy , Charbonneau Frédérique , Guillaume Jessica , Naggara Olivier , Sadik Jean Claude , Lecler Augustin 
Published: February 2024

Background The present study aimed to describe the clinical and ultrasound (US) long-term follow-up of patients with transient perivascular inflammation of the carotid artery (TIPIC) syndrome and the risk of recurrence. Methods We enrolled patients with a definitive diagnosis of TIPIC syndrome who were included in a retrospective multicenter study. These patients were recontacted at least six months after the first TIPIC episode for a clinical and imaging follow-up. Each patient underwent a clinical evaluation through a tailored questionnaire as well as US imaging. Results Twenty-eight patients were enrolled with a median follow-up of 58.7 months (interquartile range = 8–121). Nineteen out of the 28 patients (67.8%) had residual pain, eight (28.6%) had experienced a clinical recurrence and 12 (42.9%) had a thickening of the carotid wall on US. No patients had neurological complication or other associated diseases. Conclusions Patients with TIPIC syndrome have often residual pain and recurrence in about one quarter of cases but the long-term follow-up is in favor a benign self-limited pathology. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier NCT03804112)
Widely targeted quantitative lipidomics reveal lipid remodeling in adipose tissue after long term of the combined exposure to bisphenol A and fructose
Authors: Tang Yonghong , Ou Guifang , Rang Ouyan , Liu Xu , Liu Xiaocheng , Qin Xinru , Li Guojuan , Yang Qing , Wang Mu 
Published: February 2024

Adipose tissue is the main organ that stores lipids and it plays important roles in metabolic balance in the body. We recently reported in Human and Experimental Toxicology that the combined exposure to BPA and fructose may interfere with energy metabolism of adipose tissue. However, it is still unclear whether the combined exposure to BPA and fructose has the possibility to induce lipid remodeling in adipose tissue. In the present study, we performed a widely targeted quantitative lipidomic analysis of the adipose tissue of rats after 6 months of BPA and fructose combined exposure. We totally determined 734 lipid molecules in the adipose tissue of rats. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed the group of the combined exposure to higher-dose (25 μg/kg every other day) BPA and fructose can be distinguished from the groups of control, higher-dose BPA exposure and fructose exposure clearly. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and univariate statistical analysis displayed lipids of PC(18:0_ 20:3), TG(8:0_14:0_16:0), TG(12:0_14:0_16:1), TG(10:0_16:0_16:1), TG(12:0_ 14:0_18:1), TG(14:0_ 16:0_16:1), TG(14:0_14:1_16:1), TG(8:0_ 16:1_16:2), TG(14:1_16:1_ 16:1), TG(16:1_18:1_18:1), TG(16:0_16:1_20:4) and TG(15:0_18:1_ 24:1) may contributed the most to the discrimination. These findings indicated that combined exposure to BPA and fructose has the potential to cause lipid remodeling in adipose tissue.
Royal Enfield’s Plan RE 2.0: Turbulence in Two-wheeler Market
Authors: Gupta Praveen 
Published: February 2024

Eicher Motors Limited, custodian of the revered Royal Enfield (RE) motorcycle brand, faced a pivotal moment in 2019 when Siddhartha Lal, the long-standing Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, stepped down, handing over leadership to Vinod Dasari. RE had enjoyed a decade-long dominance in India’s mid-segment motorcycle market (250–750cc). However, recent years ushered in formidable challenges, including stringent emission norms, evolving tax structures, disruptions in transportation and the rise of electric vehicles. RE navigated the competitive landscape amid the advent of global brands and was caught in a milieu of choices—ranging from product innovation to global expansion. The new leadership, led by Dasari, aimed to strike a delicate balance, addressing challenges in the domestic market and emerging and mature global markets. This case examines the strategic dilemmas and multi-pronged challenges faced by RE as it sought to reshape its trajectory and evolve under Dasari’s guidance during a transformative period in the motorcycle industry.
Preparing for the Future in the Shadow of the Pandemic—The Goat Trust Emerges Digitally
Authors: Sharma Shalaghya , Kumar Amit 
Published: February 2024

The founder of a charitable organization dedicated to small livestock management for livelihood generation now confronts the additional challenge of supporting returnee migrant workers who lost their jobs due to COVID-19. Simultaneously, addressing the need to navigate the economy during and after the COVID era became imperative. India’s diverse economic landscape, marked by substantial regional disparities, compels thousands of labourers to migrate annually for a better life. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the plight of these migrant labourers. Faced with joblessness and unable to sustain themselves in large cities, they began returning to their homes. The Goat Trust, actively promoting livelihood development in resource-deprived areas, is exploring avenues to reshape the value network of goat farming in India. The urgency of the situation demands immediate action. This scenario underscores the potential for social enterprises to play a pivotal role in building the new post-pandemic economy. Organizations like the Goat Trust can seize opportunities presented by this social crisis by upgrading and digitising local economies. This approach is pertinent to India and relevant to the global economy. Focusing on local economic development emerges as a key strategy for alleviating the profound economic depression induced by the pandemic.
Oxyepiberberine from the Active Site of Coptidis Rhizoma Inhibits Lung Adenocarcinoma by Regulating SRC-related Pathways in vivo
Authors: Zhang Ying , Xue Yongqi , Zeng Jing , Wu Hezhen , Yang Yanfang 
Published: February 2024

Background Huanglian (HL), also known as Coptis chinensis Franch., was initially documented in “Sheng Nong’s Herbal Classic” as a high-quality product used to cure ailments such as fever, indigestion, bloating, nausea, dysentery, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and tuberculosis. Nowadays, it is extensively employed in clinical settings to alleviate pulmonary diseases, like tuberculosis, lobular lung disease, and pulmonary abscess, and is worth exploring further. Nevertheless, there is limited research on the precise advancements of anti-lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Objectives Using biological experiments and network pharmacology, the objective of this research was to investigate the most effective parts and chemical constituents of C. chinensis against LUAD and ascertain the probable targets and pathways. Materials and Methods First, an MTT experiment verified the impact of each part on A549 and BEAS-2B cells. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was then used to identify the chemical components of the effective substance in C. chinensis against LUAD. Then, network pharmacology was used to screen potential pathways and binding target proteins. Finally, a subcutaneous tumor model was established in mice using LLC cells to observe the effects of the effective components of C. chinensis against LUAD in tumor-bearing mice. Results The MTT assay demonstrated the efficacy of oxyepiberberine (OPB) as an anti-LUAD compound with minimal toxicity and side effects. According to the results of network pharmacology and molecular docking, SRC appears to be the primary target of C. chinensis active substance against LUAD. In vivo experiments revealed that the OPB group exhibited lowered toxicity and side effects. Additionally, the density of tumor cells decreased and the nuclei were destroyed in OPB groups of tumor tissues. Finally, OPB could regulate apoptosis, migration, and protein expression significantly related to the SRC pathway in tumor cells. Conclusion Our research reveals the anti-LUAD properties of C. chinensis through a combination of experimentation and network analysis. These findings establish a theoretical foundation for C. chinensis as a clinical antitumor agent. Furthermore, our work provided an essential groundwork for further investigations into the medicinal properties of C. chinensis.
How Game Ecology Drives Player Choices in Strategy Video Games: An Environmental Determinism Perspective
Authors: Feng Zihan 
Published: February 2024

Background Recent years have witnessed increasing attention on the study of game ecology, the virtual environments, and underlying mechanics within games. Yet, these studies often focus on the active role that players have in changing game ecology, while overlooking the reciprocal influence between game ecology and players. Methods This study investigates the potential impact of game ecology on player choices from an environmental determinism perspective—the development of humanity is shaped by the physical environment. This new perspective is substantiated by a case study of two strategy games, Sid Meier's Civilization VI and Humankind, using an immersive-participatory method to analyze their game mechanics. Results This study identifies four major forms of game mechanics that use game ecology to influence player choices: spatial constraints, movement modifiers, uncommon events, and dynamic indexes. Discussion This study discusses how the identified game mechanics reflect environmental determinism and contrast with the conventional ideology of cultural determinism. Additionally, environmental determinism in video games, derived from a broader social background, is constantly evolving into new forms. Conclusion This study introduces a new perspective of environmental determinism for analyzing the interaction between game ecology and players. This approach has the potential to offer valuable insights into guiding future game design and research endeavors.
The Effect of Supply Uncertainty on Dynamic Procurement and Pricing Strategies Under Lost Sales
Authors: Feng Qi Annabelle , Li Lei , Shanthikumar J George 
Published: February 2024

The uncertainty in the supplier’s material flows has become a norm rather than an exception in supply chains. The supply uncertainty can result in unexpected inventory shortfall, amplifying lost sales. However, the design of inventory replenishment and product pricing policy to mitigate both supply uncertainty and demand loss remains unexplored. This is because the resulting dynamic planning problem is highly nonconcave and thus intractable. To address this challenge, we propose an approach that focuses on a class of intuitively appealing and practically plausible policies. Specifically, as the level of on-hand inventory increases, we expect an increased amount of demand fulfillment and a decreased product price. Applying the notions of stochastic functions, we show that, under general conditions of the stochastic supply and demand functions, the dynamic planning problem becomes a concave optimization problem over the restricted policy class. We further reduce the set of candidate policies to a refined class by excluding the dominated policies. A refined policy can be easily computed, and appropriately selected refined policies produce close-to-optimal profits. These developments allow us to evaluate the consequences of demand loss. In particular, demand retention through backordering can be beneficial when overstocking is costly in relation to understocking, but the benefit is insensitive to supply and demand uncertainties. Moreover, inventory-based dynamic pricing is more valuable in mitigating supply risk under lost sales than under backordering.
Diagnostic Utility of Conners Continuous Performance Test-3 for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Callan P. Douglas , Swanberg Stephanie , Weber Sarah K , Eidnes Kari , Pope Tara M. , Shepler Dustin 
Published: February 2024

Objective: To review the literature on the utility of the Conners CPT-3 in persons with ADHD. Methods: A systematic review was conducted. Six databases were searched using inclusion criteria: research studies, year 2000+, English, and ages 8+. Two raters independently screened 1,480 title/abstracts and subsequently reviewed 399 full texts. Data extraction and critical appraisal were conducted. Reflective thematic analysis through inductive coding identified qualitative themes. Results: Thirteen studies met inclusion criteria with five themes identified. Five studies found CPT-3 was a weak or poor predictor of ADHD diagnosis while two found it was an adequate predictor. Two studies found CPT-3 could differentiate clients with comorbid ADHD/anxiety from ADHD or ADHD from obsessive-compulsive disorder. One found CPT-3 could not differentiate ADHD from ASD or comorbid ADHD/ASD. Conclusions: Results revealed CPT-3 as a standalone measure is a weak or poor predictor of ADHD. Multiple measures for evaluating persons with ADHD are recommended.
Effects of Five Common Preparatory Approaches on Grand Jeté Biomechanics
Authors: Weigand Victoria , Mokha G. Monique 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The grand jeté requires grace and proper biomechanics to produce the iconic glide through the air. Understanding how the preceding choreographed movements affect take-off and flight may influence teaching and training. We sought to examine the effects of 5 common preparatory approaches on grand jeté biomechanics. Methods: One male and 19 female dancers (19.3 ± 1.4 years; 1.61 ± 0.05 m; 58.1 ± 7.3 kg) with 12.5 ± 4.8 years of formal ballet experience performed grand jetés from run, chaine, chasse, assemble, and step-step approaches. Plié angle (deg), vGRF (BW), leap height (m), and leap distance (m) were measured with a motion analysis system and a force plate. One-way repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to compare variables between approaches and Bonferroni tests were used for pairwise comparisons. Results: Plié depth, vGRF, leap height, and leap distance were all significantly different ( P < .001). Plié angles (43.6-68.2 deg) were deepest for the assemble and shallowest for the run. vGRF (2.46-3.81 BW) were greatest for the assemble versus all but the run, and smallest for the chaine. Leap height (0.33-0.41 m) was highest for the run versus the chaine and step-step, but not versus assemble. Height was lowest for the chaine. Leap distance (0.24-1.03 m) was longest for the run and shortest for the assemble. Conclusions: The run approach optimizes the float through the air illusion (high leap height and distance) through applying high vGRF but moderate plié angles. The chasse approach is the next most optimal. The 2-legged assemble requires deeper plié angles to achieve height but produces shorter horizontal distances. Single leg plié training may enhance grand jeté performance and reduce injury risk from approaches such as the run, chaine, chasse, and step-step. Level of Evidence: Level 2