bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of preoperative circulating tumor DNA in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Jiamin , Feng Yuqian , Guo Kaibo , Sun Leitao , Ruan Shanming , Zhang Kai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Several recent studies have reported the increasing application of preoperative circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a biomarker of tumor burden for guiding potential postoperative treatment strategies.

Methods
A meta-analysis of prospective/retrospective cohort studies was conducted to compare the prognosis of preoperatively genetically positive and genetically negative NSCLC patients. The endpoints used in the included studies were overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). The objective of the meta-analysis was to comprehensively explore the prognostic value of preoperative ctDNA for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its significance in guiding postoperative adjuvant therapy (AT) in patients with NSCLC.

Results
The preliminary analysis identified 1565 studies, among which only 11 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were finally included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. The statistical results revealed that the expression of preoperative ctDNA was associated with worse RFS (HR = 3.00; 95% CI 2.26–3.98; I2 = 0%) and OS (HR = 2.77; 95% CI 1.67–4.58; I2 = 0%), particularly in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients (RFS: HR = 3.46; 95% CI 2.37–5.05; I2 = 0%; OS: HR = 3.52; 95% CI 1.91–6.49; I2 = 0%) and patients with I–II stage of NSCLC (RFS: HR = 2.84; 95% CI 1.88–4.29; I2 = 0%; OS: HR = 2.60; 95% CI 1.43–4.74; I2 = 0%). Moreover, compared to patients with negative preoperative ctDNA, patients with positive preoperative ctDNA presented greater survival benefits (HR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.22–0.67; I2 = 2%) from postoperative AT.

Conclusion
The evaluation of the prognostic value of preoperative ctDNA revealed that preoperative ctDNA might be used as a prognostic biomarker for patients with LUAD or those with stage I–II NSCLC. In addition, postoperative AT is recommended for NSCLC patients with positive preoperative ctDNA, regardless of the disease stage and subtype.
The comparison of functional status and health-related parameters in ovarian cancer survivors with healthy controls
Authors: Gultekin Sukriye Cansu , Cakir Ahmet Burak , Guc Zeynep Gulsum , Ozalp Faruk Recep , Keskinkilic Merve , Yavuzsen Tugba , Yavuzsen Husnu Tore , Karadibak Didem 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate functional status and health-related parameters in ovarian cancer (OC) survivors and to compare these parameters with healthy controls. The secondary purpose of this study was to compare these parameters in early and advanced OC survivors.

Methods
Thirty-two OC survivors (n = 15 early stage; n = 17 advanced stage) with no evidence/suspicion of cancer recurrence after completing adjuvant local and systemic treatments for at least 12 months and 32 healthy controls were recruited for functional- and health-related assessments. Participants were assessed using the following methods of measuring the following: 6-min walk test (6MWT) for functional exercise capacity, 30-s chair stand test (30 s-CST) for functional fitness and muscle endurance, a handheld dynamometer for peripheral muscle strength, and a handheld dynamometer for lower extremity strength, Medical Micro RPM for respiratory muscle strength, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) for physical activity level, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Scale (ECOG-PS) for performance status, Checklist Individual Strength (CIS) for fatigue, Treatment/Gynecological Oncology-Neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-NTX) for neuropathy, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for anxiety and depression level, and the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5) for generic quality of life.

Results
All OC survivors underwent surgery and chemotherapy, and only 9.4% received radiotherapy in addition to chemotherapy. The median recurrence-free period post-completion of adjuvant treatments was 24.00 (12.00–75.00) months. OC survivors had lower 6MWT (m) (p < 0.001, r = 1.50), peripheral muscle strength (p = 0.005, r = 0.72), knee extension (p < 0.001, r = 1.54), and respiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory pressure) (p < 0.001, r = 1.90) (maximal expiratory pressure) (p < 0.001, r = 1.68) compared to healthy controls. HADS-A (p = 0.005, r = 0.75) and CIS scores (p = 0.025, r = 0.59) were also higher in the OC survivors. Early-stage OC survivors had better 6MWT (m) than advanced-stage OC survivors (p = 0.005, r = 1.83). Peripheral muscle strength was lower in advanced-stage OC survivors (p = 0.013, r = 0.92). FACT/GOG-NTX scores were higher in early-stage OC survivors (p < 0.001, r = 1.42). No significant differences were observed between early- and advanced-stage OC survivors in other measures (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The findings suggest functional status, and health-related parameters are negatively affected in OC survivors. Additionally, higher levels of fatigue, neuropathy anxiety, and depression were reported in advanced OC survivors.
Accuracy of FAST in detecting intraabdominal bleeding in major trauma with pelvic and/or acetabular fractures: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jensen Lasse Rehné , Possfelt-Møller Emma , Nielsen Allan Evald , Singh Upender Martin , Svendsen Lars Bo , Penninga Luit 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) is a tool to rapidly detect intraabdominal and intrapericardial fluid with point-of-care ultrasound. Previous studies have questioned the role of FAST in patients with pelvic fractures. The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of FAST to detect clinically significant intraabdominal hemorrhage in patients with pelvic fractures.

Methods
We included all consecutive patients with pelvic and/or acetabular fractures treated our Level 1 trauma center from 2009–2020. We registered patient and fracture characteristics, FAST investigations and CT descriptions, explorative laparotomy findings, and transfusion needs. We compared FAST to CT and laparotomy findings, and calculated true positive and negative findings, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).

Results
We included 389 patients. FAST had a sensitivity of 75%, a specificity of 98%, a PPV of 84%, and a NPV of 96% for clinically significant intraabdominal bleeding. Patients with retroperitoneal hematomas were at increased risk for laparotomy both because of True-negative FAST and False-positive FAST.

Conclusion
FAST is accurate to identify clinically significant intraabdominal blood in patients with severe pelvic fractures and should be a standard asset in these patients. Retroperitoneal hematomas challenge the FAST interpretation and thus the decision making when applying FAST in patients with pelvic fractures.
Propagating Uncertainty in Predicting Individuals and Means Illustrated with Foliar Chemistry and Forest Biomass
Authors: Yanai Ruth D. , Drake John E. , Buckley Hannah L. , Case Bradley S. , Lilly Paul J. , Woollons Richard C. , Gamarra Javier G. P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractQuantifying uncertainty is important to establishing the significance of comparisons, to making predictions with known confidence, and to identifying priorities for investment. However, uncertainty can be difficult to quantify correctly. While sampling error is commonly reported based on replicate measurements, the uncertainty in regression models used to estimate forest biomass from tree dimensions is commonly ignored and has sometimes been reported incorrectly, due either to lack of clarity in recommended procedures or to incentives to underestimate uncertainties. Even more rarely are the uncertainty in predicting individuals and the uncertainty in the mean both recognized for their contributions to overall uncertainty. In this paper, we demonstrate the effect of propagating these two sources of uncertainty using a simple example of calcium concentration of sugar maple foliage, which does not require regression, then the mass of foliage and calcium content of foliage, and finally an entire forest with multiple species and tissue types. The uncertainty due to predicting individuals is greater than the uncertainty in the mean for studies with few trees—up to 30 trees for foliar calcium concentration and 50 trees for foliar mass and calcium content in the data set we analyzed from the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. The most correct analysis will take both sources of uncertainty into account, but for practical purposes, country-level reports of uncertainty in carbon stocks can safely ignore the uncertainty in individuals, which becomes negligible with large enough numbers of trees. Ignoring the uncertainty in the mean will result in exaggerated confidence in estimates of forest biomass and carbon and nutrient contents.
Grundlagen des notfallmedizinischen „Bridgings“ von kritisch kranken Patienten in der Notaufnahme bis zur Intensivstationsverlegung
Authors: Kemper Johann J. , Michael Mark , Kümpers Philipp , Reindl Michael , Kumle Bernhard , Pin Martin , Bernhard Michael 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Beschluss des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses (G-BA) zu einem gestuften System von Notfallstrukturen in Krankenhäusern aus dem Jahr 2018 sieht vor, dass in Krankenhäusern der erweiterten und umfassenden Versorgungsstufe beatmungspflichtige Patienten innerhalb von 60 min nach Krankenhausaufnahme aus der Klinik für Notfallmedizin/Notaufnahme auf die Intensivstation übernommen werden. In Abhängigkeit von der Krankenhausstruktur, den Auslastungen der Intensivstation, dem Pflegemangel, der Jahreszeit und der Art des Notfalls kann es in der Praxis jedoch vorkommen, dass überwachungs- und intensivpflichtige Patienten auch über einen längeren Zeitraum in der Klinik für Notfallmedizin/Notaufnahme verbleiben müssen. Durch Notfallmediziner:innen werden daher immer häufiger bereits in der Klinik für Notfallmedizin/Notaufnahme erweiterte notfallmedizinische Therapiemaßnahmen als Überbrückung („Bridging“) durchgeführt, bis innerhalb des Krankenhauses oder durch die Verlegung in ein externes Krankenhaus ein entsprechender Überwachungs- oder Intensivbehandlungsplatz geschaffen werden kann. Darüber hinaus kann bei einem ausgewählten Patientenkollektiv durch kurzfristige notfallmedizinische Maßnahmen der Zustand der Patienten so weit stabilisiert werden, dass eine Behandlung auf der Intensivstation nicht mehr erforderlich ist, mit entsprechender Entlastung der knappen intensivmedizinischen Ressourcen. Das hier erstmals vorgestellte Akronym „OSKARinED“ fasst dabei die notfallmedizinischen Schwerpunkte zu Oxygenierung und Beatmung, Sedierung und Analgesie, Katecholamin- und Volumentherapie sowie Kathetermanagement, antiinfektiver Therapie, Lagerungs‑, Ulkus- und Thromboseprophylaxe, Ernährung und Blutzuckereinstellung, Delirprophylaxe und -management zusammen.
Local geometric edge features based registration for textureless object in augmented reality assisted assembly
Authors: Li Wang , Wang Junfeng , Wei Ming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractImage-based methods have been widely used in augmented reality (AR) assistant assembly systems. However, due to the lack of sufficient texture information on the surface of assembly part, traditional image feature matching methods still face challenges. This paper proposes a coarse-to-fine AR registration method for textureless assembly part. In the first stage, a new feature matching method which is called line neighborhood edge descriptor (LNED) is presented to find the coarse camera pose from textureless image. The LNED take the contour line of assembly part as the description object, and use local geometric edge of assembly part to describe the contour line. During the image matching, the binary encoding is used to reduce the computational consumption for LNED. In the second stage, spatial points in the CAD model of assembly part are reverse projected to the textureless image based on the coarse camera pose. And the bundle adjustment method based on the edge distance of the textureless image is adopted to iteratively calculate the precise camera pose. In the experimental evaluation, the proposed registration method shows high accuracy and fast speed in comparison with conventional registration methods, which demonstrates that our method can effectively solve the problem of AR registration for textureless assembly part.
Auditory Cortical Plasticity in Patients with Single-Sided Deafness Before and After Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Peter Nicole , Treyer Valerie , Probst Rudolf , Kleinjung Tobias 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated neuroplastic changes induced by postlingual single-sided deafness (SSD) and the effects of a cochlear implantation for the deaf ear. Neural processing of acoustic signals from the normal hearing ear to the brain was studied before and after implantation using a positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scanner.

Methods
Eight patients with postlingual SSD received a cochlear implant (CI) in a prospective clinical trial. Dynamic imaging was performed in a PET/CT scanner using radioactively labeled water ([15O]H2O) to localize changes in the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with and without an auditory task of logatomes containing speech-like elements without meaningful context. The normal hearing ear was stimulated before implantation and after the use of the cochlear implant for at least 8 months (mean 13.5, range 8.1–26.6). Eight age- and gender-matched subjects with normal hearing on both sides served as healthy control subjects (HCS).

Results
When the normal hearing ear of SSD patients was stimulated before CI implantation, the [15O]H2O-PET showed a more symmetrical rCBF in the auditory regions of both hemispheres in comparison to the HCS. The use of CI increased the asymmetry index (AI) in six of eight patients indicating an increase of activity of the contralateral hemisphere. Non-parametric statistics revealed a significant difference in the AI between patients before CI implantation and HCS (p < .01), which disappeared after CI implantation (p = .195).

Conclusion
The functional neuroimaging data showed a tendency towards normalization of neuronal activity after CI implantation, which supports the effectiveness of CI in SSD patients.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01749592, December 13, 2012.
Diverse migration patterns of anadromous white-spotted charr Salvelinus leucomaenis revealed from otolith microchemistry
Authors: Goto Akihiko , Kuroki Mari , Shirai Kotaro , Morita Kentaro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAnadromous migration of salmonid fish has been extensively studied, primarily focusing on the dichotomous framework of anadromy and residency. However, there remains a limited understanding of intermediate migratory behaviors within the anadromous framework. Our study aimed to classify the lifetime migration patterns of the anadromous white-spotted charr Salvelinus leucomaenis within and among populations using otolith annuli and Sr:Ca ratios. Initially, the migratory histories of anadromous charr were divided into two stages: “virgin sea-run stage” and “veteran sea-run stage”. The former was further categorized into three types: ocean entry at age ≥1+ years old, early descending, and brackish use. The latter was grouped into four types: annual migrants, frequent migrants, retired migrants, and ocean residents. We found that the proportion of migration patterns varied among rivers, with multiple patterns coexisting within the same river. Migration patterns typically involving 1–5 years spent in freshwater rivers followed by annual oceanic migrations were the most abundant, although diverse patterns were also observed. In the virgin sea-run stage, some individuals experienced the ocean at age 0+ years or brackish environments before their first sea entry. In the veteran sea-run stage, we found individuals who had resided in either the ocean or rivers for over a year. Retired migrants, characterized by stopping oceanic migration at a certain age and subsequently spending time in rivers, were exclusive to southern rivers. Conversely, ocean residents who spend one or more years in the ocean were more frequent in northern regions. Consequently, the lifetime migration patterns of anadromous white-spotted charr may exhibit stronger ocean dependency at higher latitudes. The implications of this study highlight the complexity and flexibility of migratory behaviors within and among white-spotted charr populations.
Allometric equations for estimating aboveground biomass carbon in five tree species grown in an intercropping agroforestry system in southern Ontario, Canada
Authors: Bazrgar Amir Behzad , Thevathasan Naresh , Gordon Andrew , Simpson Jamie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAllometric equations were developed for estimating aboveground biomass carbon (AGBC) in five tree species grown in a tree-based intercropping system at the University of Guelph Agroforestry Research Station, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. A total of 66 representative trees from five species: red oak (Quercus rubra) [n = 12], black walnut (Juglans nigra) [n = 16], black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) [n = 10], white ash (Fraxinus americana) [n = 15], Norway spruce (Picea abies) [n = 13] were selected, harvested and their aboveground biomass and carbon content were quantified. Three commonly used allometric models were used to develop predictive equations. Regression models were developed and parameterized for each tree species and the best are presented based on information criteria (AIC, AICc, and BIC), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), over/under estimation (MOUE), root mean square error (RMSE), R2, and regression coefficients (a, b) of the observed/predicted (OP) linear regression analysis. All equations with diameter at breast height (D) only and D and tree height (H) as the predictor variables fitted the AGBC data well, with R2 > 97% and RMSE < 40. However, a power model using D as the only predictor is recommended as the best model for black walnut, black locust, white ash, and Norway spruce. The models presented are the best fitted allometric equations for the indicated species and are recommended for these species, growing on similar soils under the same temperate conditions at densities of < 125 tree per hectare.
“IPCC-envy”? Shaping global soil and land governance through science-policy activism
Authors: De Donà Matteo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between science and policy, including the role of actors engaged in facilitating science-policy interplay, is crucial in the study of global environmental governance. In spite of this, theorization of agency in science-policy relations has been limited in the IR field. Concomitantly, limited knowledge exists about the role played in this respect by international bureaucracies. This paper addresses these issues by introducing the concept of science-policy activism. The paper is based on the study of two UN institutions, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) and the Global Soil Partnership (GSP) of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), which operate in the issue—area of soil and land degradation. Informed by a combination of elite interviews and participant observation, the study investigates the ways in which the UNCCD and GSP secretariats steer the interplay between scientific advice and policymaking. The qualitative analysis reveals that, although both secretariats engage in normative narratives of cooperation, they actively and competitively pursue self-interested agendas. Unearthing the key role of secretariats in comparison with other relevant actors, such as member states and epistemic communities, the study shows that science-policy activism is conducive to “regime conflict,” limiting opportunities for interplay management and ultimately benefiting the interests of international bureaucracies themselves.
Digital Addiction in Organizations: Challenges and Policy Implications
Authors: Lam Helen , Harcourt Mark 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDigital addiction (DA) is an emerging problem with significant implications for organizations and individuals. However, studies of DA have been largely confined to individual situations, such as the impact on adolescent schoolwork, mental health and social interactions. Organizational studies of DA are rare. This study is intended to fill the gap by defining DA, examining current trends, challenges and impacts for organizations and employees, and by looking at how DA can be measured, and negative repercussions ameliorated. A typology is developed to explain differing organizational responses to employee DA, and steps are outlined to describe how it might be combatted.
Transport Property Measurement of Liquid Metals and Alloys Using Electromagnetic and Electrostatic Levitation
Authors: Brillo Jürgen , Yang Fan , Holland-Moritz Dirk 
Published: January 2024

AbstractContainerless measurements of the thermophysical properties density, viscosity, and self-diffusion by electromagnetic- (EML) and electrostatic levitation (ESL) are compared. The development history of the two techniques is briefly traced. The levitation principles and the measurement techniques for the properties considered are discussed. In the case of the density, data measured by both techniques are available for a liquid NiTi alloy. The results agree within a systematic error of ± 1 %. The data measured in EML exhibit a significant larger scatter. Viscosity data cannot be measured in ground-based electromagnetic levitation, so the comparison is carried out for a NiB alloy investigated in ESL and a classical viscometer. Good agreement was found as well. No significant difference is observed in self-diffusion data of various systems between different levitation techniques.
Can perioperative pCO2 gaps predict complications in patients undergoing major elective abdominal surgery randomized to goal-directed therapy or standard care? A secondary analysis
Authors: de Keijzer Ilonka N. , Kaufmann Thomas , de Waal Eric E.C. , Frank Michael , de Korte-de Boer Dianne , Montenij Leonard M. , Buhre Wolfgang , Scheeren Thomas W.L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe difference between venous and arterial carbon dioxide pressure (pCO2 gap), has been used as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. We aimed to assess whether perioperative pCO2 gaps can predict postoperative complications. This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter RCT comparing goal-directed therapy (GDT) to standard care in which 464 patients undergoing high-risk elective abdominal surgery were included. Arterial and central venous blood samples were simultaneously obtained at four time points: after induction, at the end of surgery, at PACU/ICU admission, and PACU/ICU discharge. Complications within the first 30 days after surgery were recorded. Similar pCO2 gaps were found in patients with and without complications, except for the pCO2 gap at the end of surgery, which was higher in patients with complications (6.0 mmHg [5.0–8.0] vs. 6.0 mmHg [4.1–7.5], p = 0.005). The area under receiver operating characteristics curves for predicting complications from pCO2 gaps at all time points were between 0.5 and 0.6. A weak correlation between ScvO2 and pCO2 gaps was found for all timepoints (ρ was between − 0.40 and − 0.29 for all timepoints, p < 0.001). The pCO2 gap did not differ between GDT and standard care at any of the selected time points. In our study, pCO2 gap was a poor predictor of major postoperative complications at all selected time points. Our research does not support the use of pCO2 gap as a prognostic tool after high-risk abdominal surgery. pCO2 gaps were comparable between GDT and standard care. Clinical trial registration Netherlands Trial Registry NTR3380.