bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and validation of a glycolysis‐related taxonomy for improving outcomes in glioma
Authors: Ying Tianshu , Lai Yaming , Lu Shiyang , E Shaolong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundReprogramming of glucose metabolism is a prominent abnormal energy metabolism in glioma. However, the efficacy of treatments targeting glycolysis varies among patients. The present study aimed to classify distinct glycolysis subtypes (GS) of glioma, which may help to improve the therapy response.MethodsThe expression profiles of glioma were downloaded from public datasets to perform an enhanced clustering analysis to determine the GS. A total of 101 combinations based on 10 machine learning algorithms were performed to screen out the most valuable glycolysis‐related glioma signature (GGS). Through RSF and plsRcox algorithms, adrenomedullin (ADM) was eventually obtained as the most significant glycolysis‐related gene for prognostic prediction in glioma. Furthermore, drug sensitivity analysis, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments were utilized to verify the efficacy of ADM and ingenol mebutate (IM).ResultsGlioma patients were classified into five distinct GS (GS1‐GS5), characterized by varying glycolytic metabolism levels, molecular expression, immune cell infiltration, immunogenic modulators, and clinical features. Anti‐CTLA4 and anti‐PD‐L1 antibodies significantly improved the prognosis for GS2 and GS5, respectively. ADM has been identified as a potential biomarker for targeted glycolytic therapy in glioma patients. In vitro experiments demonstrated that IM inhibited glioma cell progression by inhibiting ADM.ConclusionThis study elucidates that evaluating GS is essential for comprehending the heterogeneity of glioma, which is pivotal for predicting immune cell infiltration (ICI) characterization, prognosis, and personalized immunotherapy regimens. We also explored the glycolysis‐related genes ADM and IM to develop a theoretical framework for anti‐tumor strategies targeting glycolysis.
The role of magnetoencephalography in preoperative localization and postoperative outcome prediction in patients with posterior cortical epilepsy
Authors: Hao Guiliang , Yan Hao , Wang Xueyuan , Gao Runshi , Xue Yansong , Zhang Xiating , Ni Duanyu , Shu Wei , Qiao Liang , He Liu , Yu Tao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to explore the value of magnetoencephalography in the presurgical evaluation of patients with posterior cortex epilepsy.MethodsA total of 39 patients with posterior cortex epilepsy (PCE) and intact magnetoencephalography (MEG) images were reviewed from August 2019 to July 2022. MEG dipole clusters were classified into single clusters, multiple clusters, and scatter dipoles based on tightness criteria. The association of the surgical outcome with MEG dipole classifications was evaluated using Fisher's exact tests.ResultsAmong the 39 cases, there were 24 cases of single clusters (61.5%), nine cases of multiple clusters (23.1%), and six cases of scattered dipoles (15.4%). Patients with single dipole clusters were more likely to become seizure‐free. Among single dipole cluster cases (n = 24), complete MEG dipole resection yielded a more favorable surgical outcome than incomplete resection (83.3% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.007). Patients with concordant MRI and MEG findings achieved a significantly more favorable surgical outcome than discordant patients (66.7% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.044), especially in single dipole cluster patients (87.5% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.005).SignificanceMEG can provide additional valuable information regarding surgical candidate selection, epileptogenic zone localization, electrode implantation schedule, and final surgical planning in patients with posterior cortex epilepsy.
Previous infestation by conspecifics leads to a transient increase of the performance of Sitobion avenae aphids on wheat leaves
Authors: Bühler Andreas , Schweiger Rabea 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The ecological niche of aphids is largely defined by the phloem sap of plants, which they consume. Previous studies revealed that aphids may change the phloem sap metabolome and that a previous aphid infestation may benefit them. As aphids reproduce parthenogenetically, the performance and preference of aphids of the same monoclonal aphid lineage can be compared between previously uninfested and previously aphid‐infested plants.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves were infested by clonal lineages of Sitobion avenae aphids for 9–10 days. Leaf phloem exudates were analysed using amino acid profiling and metabolic fingerprinting, capturing mainly specialised metabolites. It was investigated whether aphid colony sizes differ between leaves that were previously uninfested or infested by aphids of a different clonal lineage or by aphids of the same clonal lineage and whether aphids show a preference for any of these leaves.
The relative concentrations of metabolites in the phloem exudates were not affected by aphid infestation. Aphid colonies were partly larger on previously aphid‐infested leaves than on control leaves. However, this effect was transient and finally colonies had similar sizes. Given a choice between previously aphid‐infested and uninfested leaves, S. avenae nymphs showed no preferences.
The findings that positive effects of previous aphid infestation on aphid performance are transient and that the performance but not the preference of the aphids was affected by previous aphid infestation highlight the temporal dynamics and complexity of aphid–plant interactions. Niche alteration processes may be partly involved in these interactions.
RAGE induces physiological activation of NADPH oxidase in neurons and astrocytes and neuroprotection
Authors: Seryogina Evgenia S. , Kamynina Anna V. , Koroev Dmitry O. , Volpina Olga M. , Vinokurov Andrey Y. , Abramov Andrey Y. 
Published: February 2024

The transmembrane receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a signaling receptor for many damage‐ and pathogen‐associated molecules. Activation of RAGE is associated with inflammation and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Although several sources of ROS have been previously suggested, how RAGE induces ROS production is still unclear, considering the multiple targets of pathogen‐associated molecules. Here, using acute brain slices and primary co‐culture of cortical neurons and astrocytes, we investigated the effects of a range of synthetic peptides corresponding to the fragments of the RAGE V‐domain on redox signaling. We found that the synthetic fragment (60–76) of the RAGE V‐domain induces activation of ROS production in astrocytes and neurons from the primary co‐culture and acute brain slices. This effect occurred through activation of RAGE and could be blocked by a RAGE inhibitor. Activation of RAGE by the synthetic fragment stimulates ROS production in NADPH oxidase (NOX). This RAGE‐induced NOX activation produced only minor decreases in glutathione levels and increased the rate of lipid peroxidation, although it also reduced basal and β‐amyloid induced cell death in neurons and astrocytes. Thus, specific activation of RAGE induces redox signaling through NOX, which can be a part of a cell protective mechanism.
Acceptable ‘expats’ versus unwanted ‘Arabs’: Tracing hierarchies through everyday urban practices of skilled migrant women in Istanbul
Authors: Tuncer Ezgi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on ethnic hierarchies found within highly educated migrant women working in Istanbul traced through their everyday urban practices. It introduces the stratified and comparative results of migration and resettlement of those from the Global North and the Global South through a comprehensive analysis on their urban lives, including their social positionings, preferences of neighbourhoods and daily patterns of their use of the city. Contrary to the common conception that skilled migrants are privileged, our research reveals inequalities and discriminatory practices they face that intersect with gender, nationality and ethnicity. Our research, based on qualitative analyses of in‐depth interviews along with online subjective mapping representing use of the city, also reveals that regardless of their origin and identity, almost all our participants experience verbal/physical sexual harassment or discrimination in public space in Istanbul, which forces women to produce spatial tactics of everyday life.
Antimicrobial effects of Cinnamomum verum essential oil against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus in mulberry and carrot juices
Authors: Erkmen Osman 
Published: February 2024

SummaryIn developing countries, fresh fruit juices are prepared and sold without ongoing assessment of the quality and safety of mulberry and carrot juices. Therefore, most fruit juices offered for consumption had high microbial content. This investigation was performed to indicate the efficacy of low concentrations of Cinnamomum verum essential oils (CEO) in the inactivation of E. faecalis and S. aureus in carrot juice and white mulberry juice and the impact on the sensorial characteristics of the juices. CEO antimicrobial activity can prevent the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis at 12 and 4 °C in juices. For the MIC and MBC concentrations, CEO exhibited higher antibacterial effects against S. aureus and E. faecalis. A higher number of pathogens were inactivated at 12 °C than at 4 °C. Cytoplasmic membrane permeability plays a vital role in the CEO bactericidal action. CEO can be recommended to extend the shelf‐life of juices by retaining the sensorial quality and inactivating pathogenic microorganisms, which provides a reference for practical production and application.
Adulteration identification of Hainan camellia (Camellia oleifera Abel.) oil based on comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass coupled with chemometrics spectrometry
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyan , Zhang Shanying , Ai Binling , Yang Yang , Zheng Lili , Xiao Dao , Zhu Kexue , Sheng Zhanwu 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe nutritional value of Hainan camellia oil is incomparable to other places, and Hainan camellia oil is expensive, so unscrupulous businessmen often mix other edible oils into them for illegal profit. This study detected the changes of volatile components in Hainan camellia oil adulterated with five edible oils (peanut, soybean, corn, rapeseed, and sunflower oils) using comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME‐GC × GC‐Q‐TOFMS). The principal component analysis (PCA) score plot showed that pure Hainan camellia oil (PHCO) and Hainan camellia oil samples were adulterated with other edible oils clearly to identify the adulteration separated from each other. The adulteration of PHCO could be accurately predicted using the developed PCA and OPLS‐DA models for concentrations as low as 5%. More importantly, several potential markers were found to identify the impersonate PHCO. Therefore, the volatile compound determination based on HS‐SPME‐GC × GC‐Q‐TOFMS proved to be an effective method for detecting adulteration of other edible oils in PHCO.
“Exiliados” in Podemos: A grassroots approach of long‐distance activism in parties abroad
Authors: Dain Vincent 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a grassroots approach and a process‐based analysis of emigrants' activism in parties abroad, through a case study on the Spanish party Podemos' circle in Paris. Building on ethnographic fieldwork and biographical interviews conducted between 2015 and 2016, I explore activists' individual trajectories to better understand the process leading them to join the party abroad. I find that Podemos Paris' activists, previously involved in anti‐austerity protests in Spain, feel part of a generation of young “exiles” forced to leave the country and deprived of their social and civic rights by the conservative government. Joining Podemos in Paris is thus a way to reconnect with Spanish politics and society, compensate for the “need to be part of it,” and contribute to the party's campaigns abroad and in the homeland by raising awareness on emigrants' condition among Spanish residents.
Student nurse retention. Lived experience of mature female students on a UK Bachelor of Nursing (Adult) programme: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Simpson Owena , Bennett Clare L. , Whitcombe Steven W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsTo explore the lived experiences of mature female students undertaking a Bachelor of Nursing (Adult) programme in the UK, to gain insight into the challenges and barriers faced by students and investigate the factors that support students who have considered leaving, to stay and continue with their studies.BackgroundThere is a global shortage of nurses and challenges exist in ensuring that enough nurses are available to provide care in the complex and rapidly changing care environments. Initiatives introduced to increase the number of Registered Nurses (RN), include increasing the number of students enrolled on pre‐registration nursing programmes. However, the success of this intervention is contingent on the number of students who go on to complete their course.DesignThis qualitative study employed Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), which provided a methodological framework and analytical approach to enable an exploration of participants' individual and shared lived experiences.MethodsEight female, mature students at the end of their second year of a Bachelor of Nursing (Adult) programme at a Higher Education Institution in South Wales participated in semi‐structured, face‐to‐face interviews, which were analysed idiographically before group‐level analysis was undertaken.FindingsThe analysis revealed three superordinate themes: ‘Ambition to become a Registered Nurse’; ‘Jugging Roles’ and ‘Particular Support Needs for a Particular Student’.ConclusionEach student had a unique history, their past and present social and psychological experiences were multifaceted and complex. These differences resulted in varying degrees of resilience and motivations to continue their studies. These findings are important for ensuring that services develop and provide effective support to maximize retention and, ultimately, increase the number of students entering the RN workforce.Patient of Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.Impact StatementThis research expands on current literature regarding the needs of mature female students, a growing student nurse demographic. Every student had a dynamic set of circumstances and demonstrated that the identification of ‘at‐risk’ students, purely based on demographics or information on a Curriculum Vitae, is problematic and potentially futile. This knowledge could be used to tailor University support systems and inform curriculum development and support systems for maximizing student retention. These findings are important for ensuring that services continue to develop and provide effective support to maximize retention and completion and, ultimately, increase the number of students entering the Nursing and Midwifery Council register.
Livin is protective in UVB‐induced skin photodamage by regulating keratinocyte activation and inflammatory responses
Authors: Wang Kaijie , You Xiaolan , Qu Zhenri , Che Delu , Cao Xianwei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUVB radiation can lead to skin photodamage, which might arise from keratinocyte (KC) activation. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) assumes an essential function in the context of UVB‐triggered skin photodamage. Initiating the NF‐κB cascade leads to the release of inflammatory factors from KCs. Livin can modulate both KC activation and function, yet it remains uncertain whether and how Livin regulates KC activation induced by UVB. To explore the involvement of Livin in UVB‐triggered skin photodamage and its impact on skin damage through NF‐κB activation. Immunofluorescence staining was used to analyse the expression of Livin in individuals with skin photodamage and in mice treated with UVB radiation. KC‐specific Livin knockout (LivinΔKC) mice and HaCaT cells with Livin knockdown were employed to examine the function of Livin in regulating KC activation induced by UVB radiation. Additionally, the impact of Livin on the NF‐κB cascade during KC activation was confirmed via western blot analysis. In patients with skin photodamage, UVB‐treated mice and HaCaT cells, Livin expression was reduced in KCs. LivinΔKC mice displayed heightened sensitivity to UVB radiation, resulting in more pronounced skin damage and inflammatory responses compared to the control Livinfl/fl mice. Following UVB exposure, both LivinΔKC mice and Livin‐knockdown HaCaT cells released elevated levels of cytokines compared to their respective controls. Moreover, the UVB‐induced activation of NF‐κB in HaCaT cells was significantly enhanced following Livin knockdown. Our findings propose that Livin within KCs could contribute to reducing UVB‐induced skin photodamage by regulating the NF‐κB pathway.
Towards an empathic hidden curriculum in medical school: A roadmap
Authors: Howick Jeremy , Slavin Daniel , Carr Sue , Miall Fiona , Ohri Chandra , Ennion Steve , Gay Simon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe “hidden curriculum” in medical school includes a stressful work environment, un‐empathic role models, and prioritisation of biomedical knowledge. It can provoke anxiety and cause medical students to adapt by becoming cynical, distanced and less empathic. Lower empathy, in turn, has been shown to harm patients as well as practitioners. Fortunately, evidence‐based interventions can counteract the empathy dampening effects of the hidden curriculum. These include early exposure to real patients, providing students with real‐world experiences, training role models, assessing empathy training, increasing the focus on the biopsychosocial model of disease, and enhanced wellbeing education. Here, we provide an overview of these interventions. Taken together, they can bring about an “empathic hidden curriculum” which can reverse the decline in medical student empathy.
Paleoproterozoic ultrahigh‐temperature mafic granulites with a high‐pressure prograde path from the Alxa Block: Implications on the tectonic evolution of the Khondalite Belt, North China Craton
Authors: Zou Lei , Guo Jing‐Hui , Zhang Li‐Fei , Huang Guang‐Yu , Jiao Shu‐Juan , Tian Zhong‐Hua , Wang Da , Liu Ping‐Hua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUltrahigh‐temperature (UHT) granulites, a prominent feature of Paleoproterozoic orogenic belts, preserve a record of geodynamic processes during the Precambrian (Archean–Paleoproterozoic). Quantitative pressure–temperature–time (P–T–t) paths of these UHT granulites can constrain the tectonic processes and metamorphic evolution in such a tectonic regime. Here, UHT mafic granulites with a high‐pressure (HP) prograde path are first reported in the Diebusige Complex in the Alxa Block, western part of the Khondalite Belt (KB), North China Craton (NCC). The detailed petrographic studies show that two mafic granulite samples preserve corona textures around relict garnet or garnet pseudomorphs (completely replaced by plagioclase), and a third mafic granulite sample has a relatively simple mineralogy with a granoblastic‐polygonal texture. These mafic granulites have similar peak (Tmax) assemblages of clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene + plagioclase + ilmenite ± garnet ± amphibole ± quartz + melt. Phase equilibrium modelling and Ti‐in‐amphibole and rare earth element (REE)‐based thermometries all constrain similar peak conditions of ~880–950°C/~8.5–10 kbar implying an ~100°C/kbar apparent geothermal gradient for these mafic granulites. Based on the corona textures or pseudomorphs of garnet and mineral assemblages, we identified a Pmax (~14 kbar) prograde stage before the Tmax stage. Thus, a clockwise P–T path with heating and decompression followed by near‐isobaric cooling (IBC) is recorded from these UHT mafic granulites. In addition, zircon and apatite SHRIMP or LA–ICP–MS U–Pb dating yields an age interval of ~1.81–1.7 Ga, which is interpreted as representing the cooling time from ~900–800°C to ~575°C at the middle‐upper crustal levels (<25 km deep) for these mafic granulites, with an ~1.5–2.5°C/Myr cooling rate. The new P–T–t path of these rocks includes high‐pressure prograde, UHT peak, and slow cooling retrograde processes, which implicates a post‐collisional tectonic setting for UHT metamorphism in the KB and the processes of collision, exhumation, and cooling of the KB.
Clinical bleeding diathesis, laboratory haemostatic aberrations and survival in dogs infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum: 180 cases (2005‐2019)
Authors: Thomsen A. S. , Petersen M. P. , Willesen J. L. , Bach M. B. T. , Kieler I. N. , Kristensen A. T. , Koch J. , Nielsen L. N. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesBleeding diathesis is a complication in dogs infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum. This retrospective study investigated clinical and laboratory haemostatic differences in A. vasorum‐positive dogs with and without signs of bleeding and impact of bleeding on survival.Materials and MethodsDemographics, type of clinical bleeding, haematocrit and a range of haemostatic tests, including thromboelastography and derived velocity curves were retrospectively registered from A. vasorum‐positive dogs. All parameters were compared between dogs with and without signs of bleeding using univariable analyses. Binomial and multinomial regression models were applied to examine specific indicators in the bleeding dogs. P‐values were false discovery rate adjusted, and adjusted P<0.05 was considered significant.ResultsOne hundred and eighty dogs entered the study, including 65 dogs (36.1%) presenting with bleeding diathesis. Different types of cutaneous and mucosal bleeding were the most common clinical findings. Twenty dogs presented with neurological signs associated with intracranial and intra‐spinal bleeding. One hundred and thirty‐seven dogs had haematological and/or haemostatic laboratory analyses performed. Haematocrit, platelet count, thromboelastographic angle, maximum amplitude, global clot strength, maximum rate of thrombin generation and total thrombin generation were decreased, while prothrombin time was prolonged in bleeding dogs. Survival rate of bleeding dogs was lower at hospital discharge (76.9%) and 1 month after diagnosis (66.0%) than in dogs without signs of bleeding (94.8% and 90.1% at discharge and at 1 month, respectively).Clinical SignificanceSeveral haemostatic aberrations were detected in A. vasorum‐positive dogs with bleeding diathesis. Bleeding was identified as an important negative prognostic indicator in A. vasorum‐positive dogs.
Structural integrity of a submersible sea cage exposed to extreme oceanographic conditions
Authors: López Jesús , Hurtado Carlos Felipe , Toledo Jean Pierre , Suazo Gonzalo , Zamora Víctor , Queirolo Dante , Gutiérrez Alfonso 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the structural integrity analyses of a submersible cage with dimensions of 20 m in diameter and 10 m depth under extreme oceanographic conditions, including current speed of 0.5 and 1 m/s, combined with waves ranging from 2 to 5 m in height and a period of 7 s. Employing a dynamic simulation model based on finite elements, The study examines the stresses in the cage's pipes, as well as the tension in the bridle lines and mooring lines. Results indicate that submerging the cage leads to a reduction in peak tensions, with mooring lines experiencing a decrease of up to 32% and bridle lines experiencing a decrease of up to 59%. Furthermore, the stresses in the pipes exhibit a significant decline of up to 71.4%. These findings demonstrate that the submersible cage, when submerged, significantly reduces peak stresses, thereby decreasing the risk of structural loss or damage when the system is submerged.