bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reoperation for post hepatectomy complications
Authors: Yu Sam , Liu Jianliang , Reid Jessica , Clarke Jessie , Edwards Suzanne , Maddern Guy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundReoperation for post hepatectomy complications is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. We aim to describe the frequency, indications, and risk factors for reoperation after liver resection in a single centre.MethodsPerioperative data of 464 patients, who underwent elective hepatectomy from 2001 to 2020 at The Queen Elizabeth Hospital in South Australia, were retrospectively analysed. The frequency and indications for reoperation for post hepatectomy complications were recorded. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine variables associated with reoperation.ResultsA total of seven patients (1.5%) underwent reoperation post hepatectomy. The most common indications for reoperation were intra‐abdominal abscess, post‐operative haemorrhage, bile leak, and ischaemic bowel. Three out of the seven patients died. Patients were more likely to require reoperation if an additional major non‐hepatic procedure was performed.ConclusionReoperation post hepatectomy is associated with morbidity and mortality and is more likely to occur in patients who have undergone a non‐hepatic procedure at the same time as the primary hepatic resection. Surgeons should ensure these patients are appropriately monitored and be selective about performing complex, multiple procedures. When possible, procedures should be staged.
Early clearance of hairy cell leukaemia in the bone marrow after first‐line treatment with cladribine predicts a favourable outcome
Authors: Ligia S. , Passucci M. , Assanto G. M. , D'Elia G. M. , Annechini G. , De Propris M. S. , Martelli M. , Del Giudice I. , Tiacci E. , Pulsoni A. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryFirst‐line purine nucleoside analogues (PNAs) in hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) allow deep and long‐lasting responses. We retrospectively analysed 53 HCL patients treated frontline with cladribine and assessed for response at 2 and 6 months after treatment to evaluate the kinetics of response. The estimated median progression‐free survival was significantly different according to the degree of residual HCL infiltrate detected by immunohistochemistry at the bone marrow biopsy at 2 months (≤5% vs. >5%, 247 vs. 132 months, respectively, p = 0.033), but not at 6 months (p = 0.79). Our data suggest a favourable prognostic impact of early marrow HCL clearance in patients treated with cladribine.
Contributing causes of mortality and potentially avoidable deaths of people with intellectual or learning disability: A data‐linkage study
Authors: Iffland Michelle , Jorgensen Mikaela , Gillies Donna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities are at much higher risk of preventable deaths compared to the general community. However, studies identifying the cause of death in people with intellectual disability are generally based on one primary cause which is frequently attributed to the person's disability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the most common associated causes that may have contributed to the deaths of Australians with intellectual or learning disabilities, particularly those that may be avoidable.MethodsLinked data that had previously been used to identify underlying causes of deaths were re‐analysed to determine other contributing causes of death in Australians with intellectual disabilities aged under 65 years who accessed disability services between July 2013 and June 2018.FindingsTwo thousand three hundred and thirty‐three deaths occurred among 180,790 people with intellectual disability. Contributing causes of death with the greatest disparities compared to the general community were lung diseases due to external agents (adjusted rate ratio (RR) 70.6 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 63.7–78.2), influenza and pneumonia (RR 18.3; 95% CI 16.4–20.4), and coronary heart disease (RR 3.3; 95% CI 2.8–3.8).ConclusionsAnalysing all contributing causes of death in people with intellectual disabilities can ensure that the higher rates of preventable deaths in people with intellectual disability are identified and addressed earlier in the disability and health sectors.
Improved secure PCA and LDA algorithms for intelligent computing in IoT‐to‐cloud setting
Authors: Jiasen Liu , An Wang Xu , Guofeng Li , Dan Yu , Jindan Zhang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe rapid development of new technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data analysis requires the simultaneous development of cloud computing technology. The application of IoT‐to‐cloud setting has been fully applied in various industry sectors, such as sensor‐cloud system which is composed of wireless sensor network and cloud computing technology. With the increasing amount and types of collected data, companies need to reduce the dimension of massive data in cloud servers for obtaining data analysis reports rapidly. Due to frequent cloud server data leaks, companies must adequately protect the privacy of some confidential data. To this end, we designed a dimension reduction method for ciphertext data in the sensor‐cloud system based on the CKKS encryption scheme, principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) dimension reduction algorithm. As data cannot be directly calculated using traditional PCA and LDA algorithm after encryption, we add some interactive operations and iterative calculations to replace some steps in traditional algorithms. Finally, we select the classification dataset IRIS which is commonly used in machine learning, and screen out the best encryption and calculation parameters, and efficiently realize the dimension reduction method of ciphertext data through a large number of experiments.
Social threat processing in adults and children: Faster orienting to, but shorter dwell time on, angry faces during visual search
Authors: Plate Rista C. , Powell Tralucia , Bedford Rachael , Smith Tim J. , Bamezai Ankur , Wedderburn Quentin , Broussard Alexis , Soesanto Natasha , Swetlitz Caroline , Waller Rebecca , Wagner Nicholas J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAttention to emotional signals conveyed by others is critical for gleaning information about potential social partners and the larger social context. Children appear to detect social threats (e.g., angry faces) faster than non‐threatening social signals (e.g., neutral faces). However, methods that rely on behavioral responses alone are limited in identifying different attentional processes involved in threat detection or responding. To address this question, we used a visual search paradigm to assess behavioral (i.e., reaction time to select a target image) and attentional (i.e., eye‐tracking fixations, saccadic shifts, and dwell time) responses in children (ages 7–10 years old, N = 42) and adults (ages 18–23 years old, N = 46). In doing so, we compared behavioral responding and attentional detection and engagement with threatening (i.e., angry and fearful faces) and non‐threatening (i.e., happy faces) social signals. Overall, children and adults were faster to detect social threats (i.e., angry faces), but spent a smaller proportion of time dwelling on them and had slower behavioral responses. Findings underscore the importance of combining different measures to parse differences between processing versus responding to social signals across development.Research Highlights
Children and adults are slower to select angry faces when measured by time to mouse‐click but faster to detect angry faces when measured by time to first eye fixation.
The use of eye‐tracking addresses some limitations of prior visual search tasks with children that rely on behavioral responses alone.
Results suggest shorter time to first fixation, but subsequently, shorter duration of dwell on social threat in children and adults.
How to define climate justice
Authors: Søvik Atle Ottesen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe article argues that we need a concrete, simple, well‐justified, and global concept for climate justice, and then suggests such a concept. It starts with the abstract idea that nobody should use more than what provides others, both those living now and in the future, with the same opportunity to live on a sustainable planet. This idea is then made concrete by the use of the concept of a global hectare, which is further transformed into the currency of climate dollars in order to establish a clear understanding of what constitutes fair and sustainable behavior. The suggestion is defended against a long list of objections.
Indecent eco‐theology: A case for practice‐oriented eco‐theology
Authors: Birkler Margrethe Kamille 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this article, I propose that eco‐theology should become indecent. Eco‐theology has a lot to learn from Marcella Althaus‐Reid's indecent theology and its orientation towards practice and warning against formalizing and intellectualizing theology within the universities’ walls. This focus on how we act in the world and then thereafter on how we understand the world, ourselves, and God can be advantageous for eco‐theology as it tackles the very concrete reality of the climate crisis. In indecent theology, practice guides and corrects perception. After an introduction to Althaus‐Reid's indecent theology and its relevance to the mobilization of religious communities in the climate crisis, I exemplify perception‐oriented eco‐theology with Sallie McFague's eco‐theology and ask where a practice‐oriented indecent eco‐theology can find inspiration. I then offer a look into what an indecent eco‐theology might look like and mention eco‐friendly practices found in various religious communities.
Transporters involved in adult rat cortical astrocyte dopamine uptake: Kinetics, expression and pharmacological modulation
Authors: Sočan Vesna , Dolinar Klemen , Kržan Mojca 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAstrocytes, glial cells in the central nervous system, perform a multitude of homeostatic functions and are in constant bidirectional communication with neuronal cells, a concept named the tripartite synapse; however, their role in the dopamine homeostasis remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to clarify the pharmacological and molecular characteristics of dopamine transport in cultured cortical astrocytes of adult rats. In addition, we were interested in the expression of mRNA of dopamine transporters as well as dopamine receptors D1 and D2 and in the effect of dopaminergic drugs on the expression of these transporters and receptors. We have found that astrocytes possess both Na+‐dependent and Na+‐independent transporters. Uptake of radiolabelled dopamine was time‐, temperature‐ and concentration‐dependent and was inhibited by decynium‐22, a plasma membrane monoamine transporter inhibitor, tricyclic antidepressants desipramine and nortriptyline, both inhibitors of the norepinephrine transporter. Results of transporter mRNA expression indicate that the main transporters involved in cortical astrocyte dopamine uptake are the norepinephrine transporter and plasma membrane monoamine transporter. Both dopamine receptor subtypes were identified in cortical astrocyte cultures. Twenty‐four‐hour treatment of astrocyte cultures with apomorphine, a D1/D2 agonist, induced upregulation of D1 receptor, norepinephrine transporter and plasma membrane monoamine transporter, whereas the latter was downregulated by haloperidol and L‐DOPA. Astrocytes take up dopamine by multiple transporters and express dopamine receptors, which are sensitive to dopaminergic drugs. The findings of this study could open a promising area of research for the fine‐tuning of existing therapeutic strategies.
To pool or not to pool data? Applying a generalized depletion model to assess American eel elver Anguilla rostrata fisheries from multiple rivers in Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Lin Yu‐Jia , Jessop Brian M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSpatial scales are important for examining health of exploited fishery stocks and guiding management actions. However, information about the optimal spatial scale is still unclear for assessment of transit fisheries, such as elver fisheries of the American eel Anguilla rostrata. We applied a generalized depletion model to assess catch and effort data from three nearby rivers (within 50 km) to test the hypothesis that modeling on pooled and separate data from nearby rivers would give similar estimates of abundance and exploitation rate. Overall, pooling data from rivers within 50 km did not result in large differences (<20% in relative difference) in estimates of abundance and exploitation rate with close mean abundance estimates and similar temporal trends in abundance, exploitation rate, and relative escapement. Pooling nearby river systems can greatly reduce modeling effort, at the cost of ignoring fine‐scale variability in elver recruitment and having coarser spatial scale for the management. When only an index of annual recruitment and exploitation rate are of interest, pooling data may be practical from different locations up to 50 km.
Human modification of land cover alters net primary productivity, species richness and their relationship
Authors: Deng Shuyu , Beale Colin M. , Platts Philip J. , Thomas Chris D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimHumans have altered ecosystem productivity and biodiversity worldwide by changing land‐cover types and management. High local species richness is commonly found in geographic areas and ecosystems with high net primary productivity (NPP), but the long‐term effects of modification on productivity and biodiversity change, and particularly on the relationship between the two, are poorly understood. Here we evaluate whether human modification tends to increase biodiversity in low‐productivity ecosystems (where human management is likely to increase productivity) and decrease biodiversity in ecosystems that were originally high‐productive.LocationGlobal.Time Period2001–2013.Major Taxa StudiedPlants, mammals, birds, hexapods, arachnids, other terrestrial invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles and fungi.MethodsWe assembled a large worldwide dataset of NPP and associated species richness from MODIS land cover and NPP products and the PREDICTS biodiversity database, involving 11,849 sites. This enabled comparisons of species richness and NPP differences between samples of relatively natural and human‐modified vegetation within the same geographic regions, considering 102 types of land‐cover transitions.Results(1) Modification from non‐forest vegetation to forests on average increased NPP by 7.76%, and vice versa. (2) Human modification of less productive areas tended to increase NPP and vice versa, with stronger effects of major modification. (3) However, site‐level species richness decreases were associated with nearly all land‐cover transitions from relatively natural to modified vegetation. (4) Despite expectations, we found no significant relationship between species richness differences (between relatively natural and modified vegetation) and productivity differences, when considering conversions across land‐cover types and excluding human‐appropriated productivity in croplands.Main ConclusionsHuman modification tends to increase NPP in low‐productivity ecosystems, but species richness declines are associated with most major human‐induced land‐cover changes. Therefore, increasing or decreasing NPP did not generate corresponding increases or decreases in species richness, contrary to expectations of the general species richness‐productivity relationship.
Regional diversification in Brazil: The role of relatedness and complexity
Authors: Françoso Mariane Santos , Boschma Ron , Vonortas Nicholas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe paper contributes to the growing literature on the relationship between relatedness, complexity and regional diversification. It explores regional diversification in an emerging economy, focusing on diversification opportunities of regions with distinct levels of local capabilities. We investigate the importance of relatedness and economic complexity for sectoral and technological diversification in all regions of Brazil during the period 2006–2019. Regions tend to diversify in sectors/technologies requiring similar capabilities to those already available locally. In general, the higher the sector/technology complexity, the lower the probability of diversification. However, in high‐complex regions, complexity reverses into a positive force for diversification. Our analysis shows diversification prospects vary widely across different types of regions in Brazil.
Synthetic strigolactone (rac‐GR24) alleviates the photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative damage in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under salt stress
Authors: Lu Junfeng , Shen Yingying , Yang Yuwei , Li Xiaotong , Li Xin'e , Liu Dalin , Wang Lin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSalt stress is one of the main environmental factors affecting plant growth. Photosynthesis, which provides the energy needed for plant growth and development, will be severely restricted under salt stress. Strigolactones (SLs), a class of carotenoid‐derived phytohormone, play an important role in regulating plant growth and responding to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we investigated the role of rac‐GR24 (a synthetic SLs analog) in the amelioration of salt stress in the photosynthesis of alfalfa. These results showed that rac‐GR24 treatment could increase the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein, increase superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activity and reduce the content of malondialdehyde in alfalfa leaves, thus relieving the damage caused by salt stress in alfalfa leaves. Moreover, rac‐GR24 treatment could also regulate the K+/Na+ homeostasis, improved stomatal conductance and increased chlorophyll content, which improved the photosynthesis limited by salt stress. The expression levels of selected gene for photosynthesis and antioxidants were consistent with the physiological performance. Our study indicated that rac‐GR24 could alleviate the negative effects on photosynthesis of alfalfa under salt stress.
Pregnant women with diabetes and their clinician's experience of participating in a pilot randomised controlled trial of corticosteroid administration in late pregnancy: A qualitative study
Authors: Sweet Linda , Vasilevski Vidanka , Lynch Lee‐Anne , Said Joanne M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLittle research exists to support the administration of corticosteroids to pregnant women with diabetes. Pregnant women are often excluded from clinical trials due to concerns of harm to the foetus.AimThis study aimed to understand the experiences of women and clinicians of participating in the Prevention of neonatal Respiratory distress with antenatal corticosteroids before Elective Caesarean section in women with Diabetes pilot randomised controlled trial to determine the acceptability of the study protocol.MethodsWomen and clinicians participating in the pilot trial were invited to complete a telephone interview regarding their experiences of participating. Qualitative data were collected and subsequently analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsA total of 13 women and nine clinicians were recruited between June 2020 and May 2022 for a telephone interview. Participating in the study was deemed acceptable by women and clinicians. Women chose to participate in the study due to the perceived low risk of harm associated with the intervention and for altruistic reasons. The high level of clinical support and information provided for the duration of the pilot trial was valued by women and clinicians. All clinicians highlighted the importance of conducting the trial to inform evidence‐based practice.ConclusionsPregnant women are more likely to participate in clinical trials when perceived risks are low and they are well‐informed during decision‐making. Clinicians will support clinical trials when they perceive a benefit to practice and feel assured that women receive extensive monitoring and support. Incorporating these factors into study protocols is more likely to be successful in recruiting pregnant women and maintaining the engagement of clinical staff for the duration of clinical trials.Patient or Public ContributionsPatients were invited to be participants in this study. A consumer has been included in the planning and oversite of the large multicentre trial.
Report of the International Council for Standardization in Haematology working group for standardization of reticulocyte parameters
Authors: Obstfeld Amrom E. , Davis Bruce H. , Han Jin‐Yeong , Urrechaga Eloisa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe International Council for Standardization in Haematology convened a working group to assess and propose improvements upon the state of standardization and harmonization of reticulocyte parameters among commercial hematology analyzers.MethodsAn international group of laboratory hematologists prospectively collected and analyzed clinical samples using locally available IVD commercial hematology analyzers. Eight hundred and fifty‐five total samples were collected at 6 sites using 9 distinct analyzer types. Samples were assessed for reticulocyte percent (RET%), immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF), and reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RHC). Method comparison and regression statistics were calculated. These analyses were used to determine whether statistical recalibration offered a potential avenue for increasing comparability between these methods.ResultsWhile methods producing reticulocyte percent were the most comparable in this study, the state of harmonization for the IRF and RHC was reduced with pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.955 to 0.77 and 0.927 and 0.680, respectively. Nevertheless, use of parameters from the Passing Bablok regression substantially improved the comparability of the results. In addition, precision data was derived which also demonstrated substantial differences between analyzer systems.ConclusionWhile reticulocyte counting is correlated between the automated methods evaluated in this study, the current state of harmonization of other reticulocyte parameters is not as strong. A major challenge in moving this field forward is the need for commutable materials to facilitate comparisons between analyzers not co‐located. A potential alternate approach to improve the current state would be instrument re‐calibration. However, this is challenging both technically and due to national regulatory frameworks.