bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolome profiling of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) callus under drought stress conditions induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) as osmoticant
Authors: Boutchouang Rodrigue Pouengue , Fliniaux Ophélie , Eyamo Jos Victor Evina , Djabou Astride Stephanie Mouafi , Fontaine Jean‐Xavier , Molinié Roland , Mesnard François , Niemenak Nicolas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe cacao tree (Theobroma cacao), a perennial crop that serves as a source of cacao beans, can suffer from drastic climate changes such as irregular rainfall and shorter rainy seasons. The search for hybrids which are capable of producing specific metabolites favoring adaptation in new climatic conditions is a challenge in cacao farming.ObjectivesWe aimed to (1) analyze the metabolic changes in calli of three cacao genotypes during water deficit induced by incubation with polyethylene glycol and (2) assess their response to water deficit stress with regard to somatic embryo differentiation.MethodsMetabolic profiling was carried out using 1H‐NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis was applied to crude extracts of calli grown in non‐stress or water deficit stress conditions.ResultsWater deficit stress influences the capacity of calli to produce embryos. The SCA12 genotype exhibited the best conversion capacity under severe conditions and was considered as tolerant to drought, followed by the SCA6 genotype (mid‐tolerant) and the MA12 genotype (sensitive). Fifty‐four metabolites were identified in the three cacao genotypes and discriminant metabolites were identified. Metabolites involved in water stress tolerance such as fructose, trans‐aconitic acid, leucine, and hydroxybenzene derivatives were observed in SCA12, the tolerant genotype.ConclusionThese results demonstrate the utility of 1H‐NMR metabolomics as an essential tool for the analysis of the drought tolerance characteristics of T. cacao.
Sex differences in the tumor promoting effects of tobacco smoke in a cRaf transgenic lung cancer disease model
Authors: Zhong Shen , Borlak Jürgen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTobacco smoke (TS) is the leading cause for lung cancer (LC), and female smokers are at a greater risk for LC. Yet, the underlying causes are unknown. We performed whole genome scans in TS exposed wild type and histologically characterized tumor lesions of cRaf transgenic mice. We constructed miRNA-gene and transcription factor-miRNA/gene regulatory networks and determined sex-specific gene regulations by evaluating hormone receptor activities. We validated the findings from TS exposed cRaf mice in a large cohort of smoking and never-smoking LC patients. When compared to males, TS prompted a sevenfold increase in tumor multiplicity in cRaf females. Genome-wide scans of tumor lesions identified 161 and 53 genes and miRNAs, which code for EGFR/MAPK signaling, cell proliferation, oncomirs and oncogenes, and 50% of DEGs code for immune response and tumor evasion. Outstandingly, in transgenic males, TS elicited upregulation of 20 tumor suppressors, some of which are the targets of the androgen and estrogen receptor. Conversely, in females, 18 tumor suppressors were downregulated, and five were specifically repressed by the estrogen receptor. We found TS to perturb the circadian clock in a sex-specific manner and identified a female-specific regulatory loop that consisted of the estrogen receptor, miR-22-3p and circadian genes to support LC growth. Finally, we confirmed sex-dependent tumor promoting effects of TS in a large cohort of LC patients. Our study highlights the sex-dependent genomic responses to TS and the interplay of circadian clock genes and hormone receptors in the regulation of oncogenes and oncomirs in LC growth.
Optimal Investment with a Noisy Signal of Future Stock Prices
Authors: Bank Peter , Dolinsky Yan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe consider an investor who is dynamically informed about the future evolution of one of the independent Brownian motions driving a stock’s price fluctuations. With linear temporary price impact the resulting optimal investment problem with exponential utility turns out to be not only well posed, but it even allows for a closed-form solution. We describe this solution and the resulting problem value for this stochastic control problem with partial observation by solving its convex-analytic dual problem.
Habitat and morphological characteristics affect juvenile mortality in five coral reef damselfishes
Authors: Fakan Eric P. , McCormick Mark I. , Jones Geoffrey P. , Hoey Andrew S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe abundance and distribution of demersal fishes rely on larvae successfully settling from the pelagic environment to a benthic habitat and their subsequent survival. With high mortality rates during this life stage, settling to a habitat that maximizes survival is critical. However, relationships between settlement choices and subsequent survival are poorly understood and may vary among species with different habitat preferences. To test this, we focused on five congeneric (Pomacentrus) damselfish species that are known to differ in their habitat choices and explored whether habitat associations at settlement influenced survival. Newly settled individuals were tagged and monitored daily for two weeks to estimate natural mortality rates. Morphological attributes of fish and characteristics of settlement habitats, including depth, rugosity, benthic substrata, and local fish assemblages, were used to predict mortality. We found that some species displayed stronger associations with specific benthic substrata at settlement, but contrary to expectations, these selected habitat characteristics were relatively weak predictors of survivorship. Our survival analysis revealed that the best predictors of survivorship were rugosity (P. adelus and P. amboinensis) and two morphological traits, body depth and ocellus size (P. chrysurus and P. adelus). Interestingly, we found that P. moluccensis that settled in areas of high coverage of mounding coral experienced increased mortality. Of the remaining substrata, analysis showed that instead of associating with habitat characteristics enhancing survivorship, individuals tended not to associate with habitats characteristics that increased mortality (e.g., Turbinaria and sand). This study highlights the species-specific drivers of early post-settlement mortality in coral reef fishes.
Evaluating the impact of passive physical everyday tools on interacting with virtual reality museum objects
Authors: Ogrizek Manca , Mortimer Michael , Antlej Kaja , Callari Tiziana C. , Stefan Hans , Horan Ben 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMuseums are increasingly embracing new methods and technologies to enhance the visitor experience. Virtual Reality (VR) provides the opportunity to experience objects and situations that are not readily available or don’t otherwise exist making it well suited to museum applications. Museum visitors represent an ultra-diverse cohort with technology experience levels ranging from first-time users through to experts, and typically needing to interact with the exhibit with little to no induction and training, and in many instances as a once off encounter. To support such users, this paper evaluates the impact of passive physical everyday tools to provide passive haptic feedback and enhance user interaction with desk-top sized museum objects. Museums face challenges in exhibiting larger objects and in this work the cargo area of a utility vehicle (i.e. ute) was selected as contextually suitable larger object. Three different interaction techniques are used with and without everyday physical tools and experiments undertaken to investigate the impact of the physical tools on the usability and user experience with free-hand interaction techniques. A comparison between using the passive physical tool for the interaction technique and without showed improved efficiency for two of the techniques and positive impact on the user experience with the mechanically more complex of the interaction techniques. These insights may prove useful in the design of interaction techniques for enhanced free-hand interaction with museum objects in VR.
Evaluation of the novelty effect in immersive Virtual Reality learning experiences
Authors: Miguel-Alonso Ines , Checa David , Guillen-Sanz Henar , Bustillo Andres 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, the novelty effect or initial fascination with new technology is addressed in the context of an immersive Virtual Reality (iVR) experience. The novelty effect is a significant factor contributing to low learning outcomes during initial VR learning experiences. The aim of this research is to measure the effectiveness of a tutorial at mitigating the novelty effect of iVR learning environments among first-year undergraduate students. The iVR tutorial forms part of the iVR learning experience that involves the assembly of a personal computer, while learning the functions of the main components. 86 students participated in the study, divided into a Control group (without access to the tutorial) and a Treatment group (completing the tutorial). Both groups showed a clear bimodal distribution in previous knowledge, due to previous experience with learning topics, giving us an opportunity to compare tutorial effects with students of different backgrounds. Pre- and post-test questionnaires were used to evaluate the experience. The analysis included such factors as previous knowledge, usability, satisfaction, and learning outcomes categorized into remembering, understanding, and evaluation. The results demonstrated that the tutorial significantly increased overall satisfaction, reduced the learning time required for iVR mechanics, and improved levels of student understanding, and evaluation knowledge. Furthermore, the tutorial helped to homogenize group behavior, particularly benefiting students with less previous experience in the learning topic. However, it was noted that a small number of students still received low marks after the iVR experience, suggesting potential avenues for future research.
An 18–28 GHz dual-mode down-converter IC for 5G applications
Authors: Naghavi Saeed , Ryynänen Kaisa , Zahra Mahwish , Korsman Aleksi , Stadius Kari , Kosunen Marko , Unnikrishnan Vishnu , Anttila Lauri , Valkama Mikko , Ryynänen Jussi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEmerging spectrum trends require a higher integration of 5G New Radio Frequency Range 1 (FR1) and Frequency Range 2 (FR2) bands to enhance the availability of spectrum and spectrum-sharing opportunities. To enable the reception of both FR1 and FR2 bands in a seamless hardware entity, we propose combining homodyne and heterodyne architectures. This necessitates the incorporation of a down-converter module that transfers the incoming signals from FR2 bands down to FR1, ensuring compatibility with an FR1 direct-conversion receiver (DCR) for the final signal reception. The primary focus of this paper is the design and implementation of the required integrated down-converter. The module includes an integrated balun, a low-noise amplifier (LNA) with a bypass mode, a dual-mode mixer, and an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier. The introduced bypass mode helps to further elevate the linearity performance compared to the nominal mode. The bypass mode is designed for joint communication and sensing operation to avoid the compression of the receiver. This work also incorporates a local oscillator (LO) signal distribution network with phase tuning elements using a mixed-signal approach. The circuit is implemented in a 22-nm CMOS process, and the active die area is 0.6 $$\text {mm}^\text {2}$$

mm
2

. The measurements demonstrate that the implemented chip can efficiently perform the required frequency conversion over a wide frequency range of 18–28 GHz. Conversion gain of 4.5–7.5 dB, noise figure of 15–19.7 dB, 1 dB compression point (IP1dB) of − 16 to − 10 dBm, and input third-order intercept point (IIP3) of − 5 to 0 dBm are achieved. The measured IP1 dB and IIP3 for the bypass mode are +0.5 to +4.5 dBm and +8.5 to +10 dBm, respectively.
Variability in the Integration of Peers in a Multi-site Digital Mental Health Innovation Project
Authors: Cha Biblia S. , Borghouts Judith , Eikey Elizabeth , Mukamel Dana B. , Schueller Stephen M. , Sorkin Dara H. , Stadnick Nicole A. , Zhao Xin , Zheng Kai , Schneider Margaret L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPeer support specialists (“peers”) who have the lived experience of, and are in recovery from, mental health challenges are increasingly being integrated into mental health care as a reimbursable service across the US. This study describes the ways peers were integrated into Help@Hand, a multi-site innovation project that engaged peers throughout efforts to develop and offer digital mental health interventions across counties/cities (“sites”) in California. Using a mixed methods design, we collected quantitative data via quarterly online surveys, and qualitative data via semi-annual semi-structured phone interviews with key informants from Help@Hand sites. Quantitative data were summarized as descriptive findings and qualitative data from interviews were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis methods. In the final analytic phase, interview quotes were used to illustrate the complex realities underlying quantitative responses. 117 quarterly surveys and 46 semi-annual interviews were completed by key informants from 14 sites between September 2020 and January 2023. Peers were integrated across diverse activities for support and implementation of digital mental health interventions, including development of training and educational materials (78.6% of sites), community outreach (64.3%), technology testing (85.7%), technology piloting (90.9%), digital literacy training (71.4%), device distribution (63.6%), technical assistance (72.7%), and cross-site collaboration (66.7%). Peer-engaged activities shifted over time, reflecting project phases. Peer-provided digital literacy training and technology-related support were key ingredients for project implementations. This study indicates the wide range of ways peers can be integrated into digital mental health intervention implementations. Considering contextual readiness for peer integration may enhance their engagement into programmatic activities.
Characterization and Statistical Optimization of Enterobatin Synthesized by Escherichia coli OQ866153
Authors: Khazaal Mohamed T. , Faraag Ahmed H. I. , Hamada Marwa A. , El-Hendawy Hoda H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMicroorganisms produce siderophores, which are secondary metabolites with a high affinity for iron. Siderophores have received significant attention due to their diverse applications in ecological and clinical research. In this study, siderophores production by Escherichia coli OQ866153 was optimized using two-stage statistical approach involving Plackett–Burman design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD). Out of 23 variables, succinate, tryptophan, Na2HPO4, CaCl2, agitation, and KH2PO4 were found to have the most significant effect on siderophores production in the first optimization stage with the highest SU% of 43.67%. In the second stage, RSM using CCD was utilized, and the optimal conditions were determined to be 0.3 g/l succinate, 0 g/l tryptophan, 6 g/l Na2HPO4, 0.1 g/l CaCl2, 150 RPM agitation, and 0.6 g/l KH2PO4, resulting in a maximum siderophore units (SU%) of 89.13%. The model was significant, as indicated by the model f-value of 314.14 (p-value = 0.0004) and coefficient of determination R2 of 0.9950. During validation experiments, the obtained maximum SU% was increased up to 87.1472%, which was two times as the value obtained under ordinary conditions (46.62%). The produced siderophores were purified and characterized using 1H, 13C NMR, IR spectroscopy. The obtained results indicated that the compound was enterobactin and entABCDEF genes were further detected in Escherichia coli OQ866153 extracted DNA. To our knowledge, this is the first report of statistical optimization for enterobactin synthesis by an E. coli strain isolated from a clinical source in Egypt.
Effects of Horseback Riding on the Postural Control of Autistic Children: A Multiple Baseline Across-subjects Design
Authors: Vives-Vilarroig Juan , Ruiz-Bernardo Paola , García-Gómez Andrés 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the effect of a horseback-riding programme on postural control in a group of autistic children (ASD). Nine children aged 9 to 12 years participated in this study through a multiple baseline across subjects design. The whole programme took place over nine months. Participants followed a previously developed specific horseback-riding programme, consisting of 45-minute sessions held twice a week for at least three months. To evaluate postural control, the average velocity of the centre of pressure displacement was measured by means of a posturographic platform. Results indicated that this intervention with horses had a positive effect on the postural control in children with ASDs.
Improvement of Cross-linked Alginate Hydrogel Microparticles Loaded with Galangin-β-Cyclodextrin Complex by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Şahin Saliha , Aybastıer Önder , Dorken Eftal Alp , Patır İlkyaz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGalangin is a phenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activity, which makes it highly useful in cosmetics and medicine. However, the poor solubility of galangin in water limits its usefulness in these areas. This study it is aimed to increase the solubility of galangin in water by encapsulation method. Therefore, in this study, ethanolic and methanolic extracts were obtained from Alpinia officinarum Hance, and the phenolic compound profile and content of the extracts were determined by HPLC-DAD. Galangin was purified and fractionated from Alpinia officinarum Hance extracts by column chromatography. Galangin was encapsulated with β-cyclodextrin, and galangin-β-cyclodextrin loaded alginate hydrogel microparticles were developed. The central composite design-response surface methodology was used to develop galangin-β-cyclodextrin loaded alginate hydrogel microparticles under optimum conditions with maximum galangin release. The encapsulation efficiency and release of galangin in galangin-β-cyclodextrin loaded alginate hydrogel microparticles developed under optimum conditions were characterized by HPLC-DAD, surface morphology by SEM, and structural properties by FTIR.
Consequences of Juvenile Fish Movement and Seascape Connectivity: Does the Concept of Nursery Habitat Need a Rethink?
Authors: Swadling Daniel S. , Knott Nathan A. , Taylor Matthew D. , Rees Matthew J. , Cadiou Gwenael , Davis Andrew R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEstuarine and adjacent inshore habitats have long been recognised as important nursery areas for fishes before they disperse to coastal habitats. Assessing nursery function supports spatial and fisheries management, yet work commonly focusses on singular habitat types. Re-considering how juvenile fish connect habitats may improve our understanding of nursery function and the scales that recruits are supplied to coastal fisheries. This study quantified the juvenile movements of two harvested fishes in south-eastern Australia, luderick (Girella tricuspidata) and yellowfin bream (Acanthopagrus australis). Acoustic tags were used to track 33 luderick and 20 yellowfin bream from seagrass meadows for up to ~400 days in Jervis Bay Marine Park. Both species had relatively small home ranges (< 7 km2) and exhibited site attachment to seagrass meadows where they were released. Most luderick and yellowfin bream were detected moving 100’s metres to kilometres to reefs adjacent to seagrass, although these movements were not habitat shifts. Rather, reef-ward movements represented repeated visits that lasted days to months before fish returned to seagrass, suggesting that these movements may be explorations in search of suitable adult habitat. Strong retention within an existing marine reserve was observed, with only five of 33 fish tagged within reserves crossing the boundary into fished waters. Overall, our results demonstrate that juvenile fish use and connect multiple habitat types during their movements. These findings support the broadening of the nursery concept from single habitats to a mosaic of functionally connected habitat patches (dubbed ‘seascape nurseries’).
Aspect-level multimodal sentiment analysis based on co-attention fusion
Authors: Wang Shunjie , Cai Guoyong , Lv Guangrui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAspect-level multimodal sentiment analysis is the fine-grained sentiment analysis task of predicting the sentiment polarity of given aspects in multimodal data. Most existing multimodal sentiment analysis approaches focus on mining and fusing multimodal global features, overlooking the correlation of more fine-grained multimodal local features, which considerably limits the semantic relevance between different modalities. Therefore, a novel aspect-level multimodal sentiment analysis method based on global–local features fusion with co-attention (GLFFCA) is proposed to comprehensively explore multimodal associations from both global and local perspectives. Specially, an aspect-guided global co-attention module is designed to capture aspect-guided intra-modality global correlations. Meanwhile, a gated local co-attention module is introduced to capture the adaptive association alignment of multimodal local features. Following that, a global–local multimodal feature fusion module is constructed to integrate global–local multimodal features in a hierarchical manner. Extensive experiments on the Twitter-2015 dataset and Twitter-2017 dataset validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which can achieve better aspect-level multimodal sentiment analysis performance compared with other related methods.
High-Temperature Corrosion of High- and Medium-Entropy Alloys CrMnFeCoNi and CrCoNi Exposed to a Multi-Oxidant Atmosphere H2O–O2–SO2
Authors: Mohring Wencke , Karafiludis Stephanos , Manzoni Anna M. , Laplanche Guillaume , Schneider Mike , Stephan-Scherb Christiane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe high-temperature corrosion behaviors of the equimolar CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy and CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy were studied in a gas atmosphere consisting of a volumetric mixture of 10% H2O, 2% O2, 0.5% SO2, and 87.5% Ar at 800 °C for up to 96 h. Both alloys were initially single-phase fcc with a mean grain size of ~ 50 μm and a homogeneous chemical composition. The oxide layer thickness of CrMnFeCoNi increased linearly with exposure time while it remained constant at ~ 1 μm for CrCoNi. A Cr2O3 layer and minor amounts of (Co,Ni)Cr2O4 developed on the latter while three oxide layers were detected on the former, i.e., a thin and continuous chromium rich oxide layer at the oxide/alloy interface, a dense (Mn,Cr)3O4 layer in the center and a thick and porous layer of Mn3O4 and MnSO4 at the gas/oxide interface. Additionally, a few metal sulfides were observed in the CrMnFeCoNi matrix. These results were found to be in reasonable agreement with thermodynamic calculations.