bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prostate Cancer Skeletal Metastasis: A Spontaneous Evolution from Osteolytic to Osteoblastic Morphology without Treatment
Authors: Lawal Ismaheel O. , Bilen Mehmet A. , Halkar Raghuveer K. , Jani Ashesh B. , Schuster David M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSkeletal metastases due to prostate cancer (PCa) are more commonly osteoblastic than osteolytic. In the rarer cases of osteolytic skeletal metastasis of PCa, transition to osteoblastic phenotype occurs following treatment, which indicates successful healing. In this report, we present a case of spontaneous osteolytic to osteoblastic evolution of PCa skeletal metastasis without treatment in a patient with recurrence of PCa. Our patient is a 59-year-old male who had a robotic radical prostatectomy in July 2014 for a T2c adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland (Gleason score = 4 + 3). He had adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy in January 2015 due to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) persistence. PSA began to rise in October 2015. An 18F-fluciclovine positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan obtained in June 2017 at a PSA of 0.5 ng/mL was negative. Repeat 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT of February 2020 at PSA of 3.72 ng/mL showed prostate bed recurrence and a nonavid osteolytic left inferior pubic ramus lesion. 18F radiohybrid prostate-specific membrane antigen (18F-rhPSMA) PET/CT scan of August 2020 performed as part of an ongoing clinical trial confirmed local prostate bed recurrence with a low-grade radiotracer uptake in the osteolytic left inferior pubic ramus bone lesion. Without salvage therapy, 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT of October 2020 and March 2022 shows progressive sclerosis in the left pubic ramus lesion. An osteolytic to osteoblastic transition of a bone lesion as shown in this patient calls for a rethink in our understanding of untreated PCa skeletal metastasis progression. This case provides novel insight into the understanding of the temporal evolution of skeletal metastasis and calls for further research.
Utility of 18-Flurodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (18FDG PET-CT) in Gallbladder Cancer: Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Bisht Niharika , Lohia Nishant , Singh Sankalp , Sarin Arti , Mahato Abhishek , Paliwal Dharmesh , Sinha Indranil , Bhatnagar Sharad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the most common and aggressive malignancies of the Indo-Gangetic plains. Despite its widespread use in GBC cases, the role of 18-flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18FDG PET-CT) in the management of this disease is not well defined. In our study, we present the practice trends of the utilization of this investigative modality in our hospital and its benefits in aiding diagnosis, staging, and surveillance for recurrence.
Materials and Methods All cases of suspected and biopsy-proven GBCs who underwent PET-CT at our institute between 2016 and 2019 were retrospectively evaluated for the indication of PET-CT testing and its impact on the management of the case. The indications were classified into three categories: (i) staging and metastatic workup, (ii) response assessment post-chemotherapy, and (iii) post-therapy surveillance of patients.
Results A total of 79 PET-CT scans were carried out during the study period. PET-CT was used for less than one-third of the total patients of GBC presenting at our center. Initial staging and workup (49%) was the most common indication followed by surveillance (28%) and response assessment (23%). PET-CT had a substantially better sensitivity in detecting distant metastases compared to conventional imaging in both initial workup and during follow-up. PET-CT provided additional information in 42% scans that led to change in the management of the patient. As a response assessment tool PET-CT aided not only in evaluating efficacy of therapy but also for documenting progressive disease for patients on therapy.
Conclusion PET-CT is a valuable tool to not only rule out metastatic disease while selecting patients for surgery but also for post-therapy surveillance for recurrence in patients of GBC. Larger prospective studies may help in finally elucidating the exact role of PET-CT in this disease.
Fractura tibial secundaria a osteotomía de la tuberosidad anterior de la tibia: Reporte de tres casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Figueroa David , Isla Jorge , Ithriago Minerva , Figueroa Maria Loreto , Orrego Mario 
Published: December 2023

ResumenExisten múltiples opciones de tratamiento al momento de enfrentarnos al amplio espectro de la patología patelofemoral. Dentro de las patologías más frecuentemente encontradas están la inestabilidad y artrosis patelofemoral. Se han descrito distintos tipos de tratamiento, siendo especialmente relevantes los procedimientos de realineamiento distal. Estas técnicas son efectivas en la mayoría de los casos, pero no están exentas de complicaciones, reportándose en hasta un tercio de los casos.A continuación presentamos tres casos donde se realizó una osteotomía de la tuberosidad anterior de la tibia como herramienta terapéutica para 2 patologías distintas, en todos los casos se reportó una fractura tibial a nivel de la osteotomía, complicación infrecuente pero que puede tener graves consecuencias en el pronóstico de nuestros pacientes.
No unión de fémur distal secundario a lesiones por armas de fuego; Manejo con técnica de masquelet y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Niehaus Andres Schmidt-Hebbel , Stegmeier Robert Etienne Partarrieu , Croxatto Matías Javier , Garrido Sergio Arellano , Silva Diego Edwards , Burucker Alex Vaisman 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introducción Las fracturas expuestas por arma de fuego están en riesgo de presentar una pérdida de tejido óseo significativa. En defectos mayores de 2 cm es poco probable la consolidación. La técnica de membrana inducida (TMI) induce la formación de una membrana que facilita la consolidación. Se presentan dos casos de fractura expuestas por arma de fuego que evolucionaron con no uniones infectadas, defectos óseos y posterior manejo con la TMI.
Presentación de los casos Se presentan dos casos de fractura expuesta de fémur distal, secundarias a herida por arma de fuego. Ambos inicialmente manejados con fijación externa seguida de un clavo endomedular (CEM), que evolucionaron con no unión infectada y defecto óseo de 4 cm. Ambos se manejaron con la TMI, logrando control de la infección y consolidación.
Discusión La TMI fue utilizada de forma exitosa como cirugía de salvataje para defectos óseos secundarios a no unión infectada de fémur. El manejo de defectos óseos es un desafío ya que influye la infección, la pérdida de tejidos blandos, el gap óseo y el potencial de curación de la fractura. La TMI es una alternativa atractiva en el tratamiento de defectos óseos mayores de 2 cm, siendo la reparación independiente del tamaño del defecto y permitiendo controlar infecciones asociadas.
Conclusión La TMI es una técnica de salvataje efectiva para el manejo de defectos óseos por arma de fuego, la cual permite salvar la extremidad, con un manejo integral de los diversos aspectos necesarios a considerar en estos casos.
Macroprudential policy, bank competition and bank risk in East Asia
Authors: Chan Ka Kei , Davis E. Philip , Karim Dilruba 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe assess the relation of macroprudential policy and competition to bank risk for a sample of 1373 banks from 13 East Asian countries, using the IMF iMaPP dataset of macroprudential policy from 1990 to 2018. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to include both macroprudential policy and individual bank market power, as well as their interaction, as determinants of bank risk. On the one hand, we find direct effects of both macroprudential policy and competition on risk, in line with the existing literature. On the other hand, we detect important interaction effects. Notably in the developing and emerging East Asian countries, the interactions between competition and macroprudential measures often show a lesser response to such measures in terms of risk reduction for banks with more market power. We suggest that this links in turn to ability of such banks to undertake risk-shifting in response to macroprudential policy. We also find for banks in advanced East Asian countries—and in wider samples—some tendency in the long term for banks facing intense competition to take relatively more risks in face of macroprudential measures, in line with the traditional “franchise value” view of bank competition and risk taking. These findings have important implications for regulators.
Reactivity of radiolytically and photochemically generated tertiary amine radicals towards a CO2 reduction catalyst
Authors: Carr Cody R. , Vrionides Michael A. , Grills David C. 
Published: December 2023

Homogeneous solar fuels photocatalytic systems often require several additives in solution with the catalyst to operate, such as a photosensitizer (PS), Brønsted acid/base, and a sacrificial electron donor (SED). Tertiary amines, in particular triethylamine (TEA) and triethanolamine (TEOA), are ubiquitously deployed in photocatalysis applications as SEDs and are capable of reductively quenching the PS’s excited state. Upon oxidation, TEA and TEOA form TEA•+ and TEOA•+ radical cations, respectively, which decay by proton transfer to generate redox non-innocent transient radicals, TEA• and TEOA•, respectively, with redox potentials that allow them to participate in an additional electron transfer step, thus resulting in net one-photon/two-electron donation. However, the properties of the TEA• and TEOA• radicals are not well understood, including their reducing powers and kinetics of electron transfer to catalysts. Herein, we have used both pulse radiolysis and laser flash photolysis to generate TEA• and TEOA• radicals in CH3CN, and combined with UV/Vis transient absorption and time-resolved mid-infrared spectroscopies, we have probed the kinetics of reduction of the well-established CO2 reduction photocatalyst, fac-ReCl(bpy)(CO)3 (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine), by these radicals [kTEA• = (4.4 ± 0.3) × 109 M−1 s−1 and kTEOA• = (9.3 ± 0.6) × 107 M−1 s−1]. The ∼50× smaller rate constant for TEOA• indicates, that in contrast to a previous assumption, TEA• is a more potent reductant than TEOA• (by ∼0.2 V, as estimated using the Marcus cross relation). This knowledge will aid in the design of photocatalytic systems involving SEDs. We also show that TEA can be a useful radiolytic solvent radical scavenger for pulse radiolysis experiments in CH3CN, effectively converting unwanted oxidizing radicals into useful reducing equivalents in the form of TEA• radicals.
A new six-dimensional ab initio potential energy surface and rovibrational spectra for the N2–CO2 complex
Authors: Peng Yang , Jiang Xuedan , Liu Li , Liu Guangliang , Zhu Hua 
Published: December 2023

New six-dimensional ab initio potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the N2–CO2 complex, which involve the stretching vibration of N2 and the Q3 normal mode for the ν3 asymmetric stretching vibration of CO2, were constructed using the CCSD(T)-F12/AVTZ method with midpoint bond functions. Two vibrational averaged 4D interaction potentials were obtained by integrating over the two intramolecular coordinates. It was found that both PESs possess two equivalent T-shaped global minima as well as two in-plane and one out-of-plane saddle points. Based on these PESs, rovibrational bound states and energy levels were calculated applying the radial discrete variable representation/angular finite basis representation method and the Lanczos algorithm. The splitting of the energy levels between oN2–CO2 and pN2–CO2 for the intermolecular vibrational ground state is determined to be only 0.000 09 cm−1 due to the higher barriers. The obtained band origin shift is about +0.471 74 cm−1 in the N2–CO2 infrared spectra with CO2 at the ν3 zone, which coincides with the experimental data of +0.483 74 cm−1. The frequencies of the in-plane geared-bending for N2–CO2 at the ν3 = 0 and 1 states of CO2 turn out to be 21.6152 and 21.4522 cm−1, the latter reproduces the available experimental 21.3793 cm−1 value with CO2 at the ν3 zone. The spectral parameters fitted from the rovibrational energy levels show that this dimer is a near prolate asymmetric rotor. The computed microwave transitions as well as the infrared fundamental and combination bands for the complex agree well with the observed data.
A Confined Two-peaked Solar Flare Observed by EAST and SDO
Authors: Zhang Liang , Zheng Ruisheng , Xue Zhike , Rao Changhui , Lin Qing , Du Zhimao , Yao Jiawen , Zhong Libo , Chen Yao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The solar flare is one of the most violent explosions, and can disturb the near-Earth space weather. Except for commonly single-peaked solar flares in soft X-ray, some special flares show intriguing a two-peak feature that is deserved much more attentions. Here, we reported a confined two-peaked solar flare and analyzed the associated eruptions using high-quality observations from Educational Adaptive-optics Solar Telescope and Solar Dynamics Observatory. Before the flare, a magnetic flux rope (MFR) formed through partially tether-cutting reconnection between two sheared arches. The flare occurred after the MFR eruption that was confined by the overlying strong field. Interestingly, a small underlying filament immediately erupted, which was possibly destabilized by the flare ribbon. The successive eruptions were confirmed by the analysis of the emission measure and the reconnection fluxes. Therefore, we suggest that the two peaks of the confined solar flare are corresponding to two episodes of magnetic reconnection during the successive eruptions of the MFR and the underlying filament.
Theoretical and experimental analysis of the impact of a recuperative stage on the performance of an ORC-based solar microcogeneration unit
Authors: Fatigati Fabio , Coletta Arianna , Carapellucci Roberto , Cipollone Roberto 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Microgeneration ORC-based units driven by solar energy, which enable combined heat and power generation (CHP), are a promising solution for decarbonizing the domestic sector. However, the intermittent availability of solar energy, coupled with the variability in user demand for domestic hot water (DHW), can lead the system to frequent off-design conditions and a less reliable energy supply. Consequently, increasing attention has recently been focused on the technological and design solutions for improving plant performance and ensuring its continuous operation. This paper presents the results of an experimental campaign carried out to investigate the possible advantages – in terms of efficiency and savings of thermal energy in the upper source – of introducing a recovery heat exchanger (RHX) in the basic configuration of a solar ORC-based system. Tests were conducted on a fully instrumented ORC-based plant with two 12 kW electric heaters providing the thermal power recovered through the solar collectors. The RHX is introduced into a recuperative branch that can be bypassed by closing a dedicated three-way valve. The study aims to investigate the behavior of the ORC unit in the absence of solar radiation (with the electric heaters switched off) when the recovery unit is powered only by the hot water stored in the Thermal Energy Storage (TES) tank. Another purpose of the present work is to evaluate the benefits introduced by the RHX in reducing the temperature decrease of the TES hot water and, consequently, maximizing the operating time of the ORC-based unit. In order to support the experimental analysis, a comprehensive theoretical model of the unit was developed and validated against experimental data. The model was used as a software platform to optimize the plant design and recuperative branch configuration. The theoretical model was developed in the GT-Suite™ environment thus integrating a mono and zero-thermo-fluid-dynamic approach. In this way, a physical representation of the entire ORC-based unit is performed allowing also to define an optimal control strategy for maximizing plant performance under severe off-design and transient conditions.
Renewable energy community design and evaluation according to the Italian regulation
Authors: Brumana G. , Franchini G. , Ghirardi E. , Caldera M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The target of a Renewable Energy Community (REC) is to improve the renewable energy consumption without forcing the grid to work as a power backup and avoid the installation of large energy storage systems. The paper proposes a comparison between different REC configurations with the same annual energy consumption of 500 MWh corresponding to about 200 residential houses in northern Italy. The comparison includes different kinds of building destination (residential, commercial, industrial), and different photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity. The results highlight the fundamental role of a proper design of the Renewable Energy Community configuration. RECs based on members with complementary loads enhance the renewable energy consumption by increasing the fraction of shared energy. Different roles (consumer and prosumer) are fundamental to provide the proper energy distribution during the sunny hours by producing a win-win condition. Nevertheless, an increase of the PV capacity can produce a detrimental effect on the shared energy ratio due the non-contemporaneity of production and consumption.
Carbonaceous materials derived from biowastes pyrolysis as efficient and green biogas desulfurization system
Authors: Marone M , Marasco P , Trotta S , Carnevale A , Salvatori M , Fedele M , Contillo F , Francavilla M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The desulfurization performance of carbonaceous material achieved by slow pyrolysis of different kinds of organic raw biomass has been investigated to provide a greener alternative to using activated carbons and contribute to using available resources more efficiently and sustainably. Nine different raw feedstocks and biowastes were used as biomass precursors for biochar production at different pyrolysis conditions. In particular, six of them originated from lignocellulosic biomass (olive pruning, woods pruning, olive stone, spent coffee grounds, solid digestate from cattle, solid digestate from a mix of cattle and pigs), while the other three were from aquatic biomass (crabs’ blue shells, mussels’ blue shells, and microalga Chlorella sorokiniana). The H2S adsorption performances of the different biochar samples were then evaluated compared to commercial activated carbons, the technology currently in use. Moreover, the chemical composition of biochar (before and after H2S adsorption) was investigated to understand better the physical-chemical mechanism that regulated the adsorption. The results showed significant differences in the H2S adsorption capacity of biochars according to their origin (raw biomass) and operating conditions of pyrolysis (temperature and residence time), with the best performance achieved by biochar from olive pruning and microalga Chlorella. Interestingly, a combined mechanism of physio adsorption and chemical oxidation of H2S to elemental Sulphur (S) and sulphate (SO4
2-) was found.
Power-to-liquid versus biomass-derived kerosene: a comparative study
Authors: Manente Giovanni , Ficarella Antonio , Rahim Ahtasham 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Power-to-Liquid (PtL) kerosene is considered by many experts as the only viable option to achieve a large scale decarbonization of the aviation sector in the near-medium term. In the PtL process carbon dioxide of renewable origin or from ambient air and green hydrogen are combined to produce a liquid fuel that can replace fossil kerosene. For this purpose the Fischer-Tropsch pathway and the methanol pathway are available. On the other hand, more production pathways are available when using a biomass feedstock. The aim of this work is to compare the power and biogenic routes for the production of sustainable kerosene in terms of performance and requirements. Indeed, there is a lack of studies in the literature that directly compare the two options, i.e. biofuels and e-fuels, on a common basis. Accordingly, simulation models are built in this work for both routes to calculate the yield of kerosene and co-products, the hydrogen demand, the flows of carbon dioxide, the electricity and thermal energy demands. The simulation outputs are compared against the results of the relevant studies in the literature. The expectation from this comparative study is to highlight the criticalities of each route and, possibly, any opportunity to overcome them by exploring any synergy between the different routes.
Analysis of combined cycle plants integrating biomass and natural gas
Authors: Morrone Pietropaolo , Falbo Luigi , Settino Jessica , Fragiacomo Petronilla , Ferraro Vittorio , Arcuri Natale 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Biomass plays a vital role in broadening the energy portfolio and reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels. Combining biomass with natural gas-powered combined cycle plants offers an opportunity to improve biomass conversion efficiency. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive technical and economic analysis, comparing two configurations of combined-cycle plants fueled by natural gas and lignocellulosic biomass. The first configuration implements traditional post-combustion methods to augment steam cycle output, while the second directs exhaust gases to a heat exchanger, pre-heating the compressor’s outgoing air. A significant focus was placed on assessing biomass conversion efficiency, specifically the marginal efficiency in electricity generation attributed to biomass input. This parameter was compared with the performance of standard conventional biomass-only plants. The research delved into the impact of varying biomass feed ratio on key performance indicators, including the cost of electricity generation, the overall and marginal biomass efficiency, and the share of electricity production due to biomass. The determination of the optimal plant configuration and the ideal biomass fraction was achieved through multivariable optimization techniques.
Monitoring and analysis of environmental and IAQ conditions in classrooms with controlled mechanical ventilation
Authors: Remia G. , Summa S. , Stazi F. , Di Perna C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Following the health emergency from COVID-19, indoor air quality control has become of paramount importance, especially inside school buildings. For this reason, in 2021, the Marche region proposed and implemented an extraordinary intervention for the safe conduct of educational activities through the installation in classrooms of controlled mechanical ventilation systems aimed at air exchange. This type of system has been installed in more than 1,200 classrooms belonging to about 130 schools throughout the Marche region. This intervention made it possible to carry out a robust experimental measurement campaign on a significant number of classrooms where controlled mechanical ventilation systems were installed. Specifically, the work proposes a replicable measurement and analysis methodology for classrooms, with the aim of monitoring thermo-hygrometric and air quality conditions for environmental comfort. Thus, the research aims to implement knowledge on environmental comfort in classrooms equipped with controlled mechanical ventilation systems. The proposed measurements and analyses cover the most important environmental variables, i.e., air temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration. In addition, measurements regarding system ventilation flow rates, smoke tests and evaluations of the permeability of classrooms.