bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Graphical Analysis of Tooth Width Discrepancy
Authors: Christopher T.C. , Freer T.J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The standard tooth width ratio tables currently do not provide an overall indication of the final interdigitation of teeth. To provide a comprehensive analysis of inter-arch tooth width discrepancy, this study has developed a combination of cumulative percentage tooth width ratios and a method to visually determine the harmony betweeu maxillary and mandibular tooth widths. Mesiodistal tooth widths from the first permanent molar to the corresponding first permanent molar were measured from 60 sets of pretreatment study models which were selected consecutively. Cumulative percentage ratios relating mandibular teeth to maxillary teeth were calculated utilising the mesiodistal tooth width measurements. The 13 mean cumulative percentage ratios developed in this study were plotted on graph paper showing plus and minus two standard deviations from the mean. These ratios provide a standard from which cumulative percentage ratios obtained from any new case may be compared graphically. Deviations from the mean cnmulative percentage ratios are immccliately recognised. No simple graphical method of assessment on the final intercligitation of anterior and posterior teeth has previonsly been dcvisecl. The graphical analysis of toolh width discrepancy is invalnahle as an aicl in localising any toolh width discrepancy and ensnring that incompatihle maxillary-to-manclibnlar tooth wid ths are recognised prior to orthodontic treatment.
The Role of CT, MRI and 3D Imaging in the Diagnosis of Temporomandibular Joint and Other Orofacial Disorders in Children
Authors: Hall Roger K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Advances in medical imaging techniques add a new third dimension (3D computer reconstruction of CT, MR and Ultrasound images) to the diagnostic armamentarium of practitioners in orofacial medicine, surgery and Orthodontics. In particular, Computerized Tomography and Magnetic Resonance lmaging with, to a lesser extent, Nuclear Medicine lmaging and Sonography provide more accurate and dctailed information on abnormalities and disorders of craniofacial osseous and soft tissues, especially the temporomandibular joint, than was previously available from plain films or tomography. Greater familiarity with these new imaging modalities by dental specialists will result in their more effective use in paediatric patients.
Quantification of Ethnic Differences in Facial Profile
Authors: Sheridan Charles S. , Thomas C. David L. , Clement John G. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The concept of facial aesthetics is becoming increasingly important and with the expanding application of orthodontic, orthognathic, plastic and reconstructive techniques to patients from continually diversifying ethnic backgrounds, it is timely that more elaborate methods for the evaluation of facial form are adopted. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the use of Fourier shape analysis in the quantification of facial profile and to investigate differences between racial groups. One hundred and twenty-two undergraduate dental students were photographed and surveyed for information pertaining to ethnic origin. Student’s t-tests revealed significant diferences (p<0.05) in higher-order (fourth-and above) Fourier harmonics between male and female profiles, as well as between intervention and nonintervention groups. A comparison of multiple means test revealed significant diferences (p<0.05) in the third-order Fourier harmonie (vertex projection) between the Asian group and three other groups - Anglo-Celtic, Eastern European and Western European. Differences correlated with convexity in the lower third of the face, which was demonstrated by Fourier reconstruction.
The Rotation of Maxillary First Molars, Mandibular First Molars, and Maxillary First Premolars in Acceptable Occlusions
Authors: Kristian Hansen G. , Caruso Joseph M. , West Vic , Andreiko Craig A. , Farrage James R. , Toufic Jeiroudi M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The rotation of the maxillary molars is considered important in the orthodontic treatment of malocclusions. In this study, a computer analysis program was developed to examine the rotations of maxillary molars, mandibular molars, and maxillary first premolars in casts of permanent dentitions with acceptable occlusions. Ninety-three sets of untreated ‘acceptable occlusion’ models from the collection of the Foundation for Orthodontic Research (FOR) were scanned on a flat bed scanner. The images were analysed using eustom software. Measurements were made by relating maxillary first permanent molars to the midline, archform, opposite canine, and mandibular first permanent molars. The mandibular first molars and maxillary first premolars were also analysed and their rotations measured. The mean rotations of the maxillary first molars, measured as the angle between a line joining the tips of the buccal cusps and a line tangent to the appropriate archwire form (from Ricketts’ Pentanmorphic Arches) at the first molars, were 0.59 and −0.72 degrees (positive values represent mesio-lingual rotations) for the right and left, respectively. For the mandibular molars, these means were 6.34 and 8.40 degrees, respectively. The mean differences in rotation betweeu buccal cusp tips of maxillary and mandibular first molars in occlusion were 5. 75 and 9.12 degrees for the right and left, respectively, with the mandibular being more mesio-lingually rotated. The differences between left and right were significant for all measurements. The present study brings into question the suitability of onr present “straight wire” prescriptions in producing similar occlusions. It also suggests that scanning models for computer analysis may be a practical and precise way to measure similar rotations in untreated normal and treated occlnsious.
Skeletal maturation of the hand and wrist and its correlation with dental development
Authors: So Lisa L. Y. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The maturation status of each hand and wrist bone age of 117 12-year-old Southern Chinese girls was studied using the Greulich and Pyle Atlas (1959) Method. The bone ages were found to range from 12.14 years (scaphoid) to 12.80 years (middle phalanx V). The mean and standard deviation of the skeletal age of the hand and wrist region were 12.57 years and 1.11 years, respectively. Skeletal maturation of 102 of these Southern Chinese girls was correlated to the developmental status of their permanent dentition. A statistically significant difference with p<0.0 I was found between the skeletally above-average and skeletally below-average girls. Contrary to previous studies, the skeletally below-average group had on average 1.1 more erupted permanent teeth than the skeletally advanced group. In addition, there did not seem to be any close relation between apical closure of the permanent mandibular canine and bone age of the adductor sesamoid.
Shear bond strength of ceramic brackets to resin-composite surfaces
Authors: Chunhacheevachaloke Ekachai , Tyas Martin J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, two types of ceramic brackets – monocrystalline and polycrystalline – were bonded to unroughened and roughened resin-composite discs using a light-cured orthodontic adhesive, and the bonds tested under shear stress in a universal testing machine. There was no significant difference in the shear bond strength between the combinations of ceramic brackets, and between the surface treatments of the resin composite. A higher frequency of resin-composite fracture was observed with the polycrystalline brackets (12/20) than with the monocrystalline ceramic brackets (7/20). lt is concluded that debonding any type of ceramic bracket from a resin-composite surface may cause damage to the resin composite itself.
Review of Toxic Chemical Factors Influence in Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers
Authors: Lutenco Valerii , Beznea Adrian , Mihailov Raul , Stefanopol Ioana Anca , Bulza Valentin , Baroiu Liliana 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Peptic ulcer is a lesion most often located in the stomach or the proximal duodenum. The incidence, the hospitalization rate and the associated mortality in the last decades is decreasing due to modern therapy and hygiene measures. Approximately half of the population is colonized by H. Pylori, which is one of the main causes of ulcers. Other contributing factors are diet and stress. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories cause damage to the gastro-duodenal mucosa by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1. Concomitant consumption of proton pump inhibitors can be a solution. Natural evolution can lead to healing or complications. Ulcer perforation is one of the loudest and most serious complications of ulcers. Alcohol consumption has been shown to be a strong risk factor. Various studies have shown that smokers have a double risk of developing gastro-duodenal ulcers.
Fractures of the Proximal End of the Femur: Exploration of Treatments and Assessment of Outcomes
Authors: Ioannis Algiounidis , Eleutheropoulos Alexandros , Karanikolas Anestis , Gurgas Leonard , Craciun Aurora , Bordei Petru 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Fractures of the proximal extremity of the femur are some of the most common injuries treated by orthopedic surgeons, often associated with life-threatening polytrauma. Trochanteric fractures have an increased incidence, which is becoming more common due to the aging population. Femoral neck fractures are a particular type of intracapsular hip fracture, and the location of the junction makes the femoral neck prone to fracture. Fractures of the femoral shaft are found in approximately 6-9% of cases of femoral neck fractures. The management of these fractures is interdisciplinary, but in most cases, it requires surgical treatment to allow rapid elevation and recovery of autonomy.
The present study is retrospective in which 140 cases of fracture of the upper femur extremity collected at the trauma department of Naousa and Kilkis Hospital over 4 years from December 2018 to December 2022 were analyzed, processed, and reviewed with a minimum follow-up of 6 months.
The purpose of this article is to analyze the frequency of various types of fractures of the proximal extremity of the femur and to identify the etiological factors that contribute to these injuries, thus providing a comprehensive understanding of these traumatic events to treat them.
The study showed that there is a preponderance of trochanteric fractures, with an increased frequency in the 75-89 age group and a predominance of femoral neck fractures in women, mainly caused by falls. External surgical approaches, standard gamma nail, and bipolar treatment had "excellent/good" functional results reflecting the success of the surgical interventions. The high frequency of anatomical reductions underlines the attention paid to the quality of the procedures.
Cleaning Methods for Dust Deposited on the Front Cover of Photovoltaic Module
Authors: RUDNICKA Małgorzata , KLUGMANN-RADZIEMSKA Ewa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Photovoltaic modules are one of the renewable energy sources with great potential for application in various regions of the world as well as for different terrain. They are, however, sensitive to external factors, affecting the overall amount of energy generated, such as solar irradiance, shading effects and any form of soil build-up on the front glass cover of solar device. The latter issue happens over a course of weeks, months and years and the exact pace is determined for a specific location. Nevertheless, dust remaining on the module surface limits the amount of solar irradiation that can reach solar cells. It then leads to a lowered maximum power and correspond to a decrease in energy yield. A way to mitigate soiling effect, outside of natural washing dependent on precipitation, is a regular debris removal. The proposed methods utilise different approaches, namely active cleaning such as manual, mechanical or electrodynamic, or passive cleaning by applying additional hydrophobic or hydrophilic coating to slow down the accumulation tempo.
Changes in the core-Periphery Structure of the Framework Programme’s Regional Network
Authors: Bilicz Dávid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work
The aim of this paper is to measure whether the regions lagging behind in the European knowledge field could get closer to the core of the Framework Programmes’ (FP) R&D network.

Materials and methods
Annual snapshots of the network have been analysed between 2004-2014. With the use of four different core-periphery measures, regions with converging and diverging tendencies have been identified. The author analysed how the results vary with different regions and indicators used.

Results
The few core regions of the network in the eastern bloc tend to diverge from the core, while almost none of the peripheral regions in these countries could even get to the semi-periphery of the network in the examined timeframe.

Conclusions
Although one of the goals of the EU with the European Research Area was to help peripheral regions catch up, this has not yet happened in the case of the examined collaborative R&D network.
The Return of Pensioners to the Labour Market in the Macro-Region of Eastern Poland
Authors: Guzal-Dec Danuta , Siedlecka Agnieszka , Jakubowicz Anna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work
The aim of the study is to determine the scale of the phenomenon of pensioners remaining on the labour market and their potential readiness to return, as well as the determinants of this phenomenon in the peripheral areas of the macro-region of Eastern Poland.

Materials and methods
The results of a survey conducted in 2021 among pensioners from Podlaskie, Lubelskie and Podkarpackie Voivodeships were used.

Results
Simultaneous receipt of a pension and continued employment occurred in the case of 36.9% of the surveyed sample, 10% of the respondents were not working but declared their readiness to return to the labour market. The reasons for remaining unemployed mainly included: lack of suitable job offers, health problems and unwillingness to work.

Conclusions
The specificity of the problems of unemployed pensioners in the macro-region of Eastern Poland suggests the need for regional activation measures in social policy, taking into account the existing potential of elderly people.
PENGARUH PRODUKSI, KONSUMSI, HARGA, CADANGAN DEVISA, KURS DOLLAR AS TERHADAP MINYAK BUMI INDONESIA
Authors: Ulfa Safitri Linni Lailina , Bendesa I Komang Gde 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh produksi, konsumsi, harga, cadangan devisa, kurs dollar AS dengan impor minyak bumi sebagai penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Indonesia. Dan apakah ada pengaruh secara simultan maupun parsial terhadap impor minyak bumi Indonesia, antara produksi, konsumsi, harga, cadangan devisa, kurs dollar AS.Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier berganda, dan menggunaka data sekunder periode 1996-2017. Berdasarkan hasil uji dengan SPSS memperoleh hasil produksi, konsumsi, harga, cadangan devisa dan kurs dollar Amerika Serikat secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap impor minyak bumi Indonesia. Secara parsial konsumsi dan cadangan devisa berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap impor minyak bumi Indonesia. Impor akan meningkat bila tidak diimbangi dengan produksi dalam negeri yang tidak sesuai dengan konsumsi masyarakat yang tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat. sedangkan produksi, harga dan kurs dollar Amerika Serikat berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap impor minyak bumi Indonesia.
Kata kunci: produksi, konsumsi, harga, cadangan devisa, kurs dollar AS
PENGARUH INVESTASI DAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DI WILAYAH BALI TIMUR
Authors: Diannita Ida Ayu Trisna , Wenagama I Wayan 
Published: January 2024

Pertumbuhan ekonomi merupakan indikator untuk mengukur keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi. Kesejahteraan masyarakat merupakan tujuan dari pertumbuhan ekonomi. Beberapa faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat yaitu investasi dan pendapatan asli daerah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) menganalisis pengaruh investasi dan pendapatan asli daerah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Wilayah Bali Timur, (2) menganalisis pengaruh investasi dan pendapatan asli terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat di Wilaya Bali Timur, dan (3) menganalisis pengaruh tidak langsung investasi dan pendapatan asli daerah terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi di Wilayah Bali Timur. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dengan 27 pengamatan, yang dianalisis dengan teknik analisis jalur (path analysis) dengan Eviews9. Hasil analisis menunjukkan investasi dan pendapatan asli daerah memiliki pengaruh langusng positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Investasi memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat. Pendapatan asli daerah berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat. Pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat. Investasi dan pendapatan asli daerah tidak berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Kata Kunci: investasi, pendapatan asli daerah, pertumbuhan ekonomi, kesejahteraan masyarakat
Pengaruh Status Bekerja, Tingkat Pendidikan, dan Usia Terhadap Pendapatan Perempuan yang Menikah Usia Dini di Kabupaten Tabanan
Authors: Putu Ayu Paramitha Purwanti Ni Kadek Ayu Novita Dewi, 
Published: January 2024

Pernikahan usia dini merupakan permasalahan yang masih sering terjadi di Kabupaten Tabanan, penyebabnya karena faktor ekonomi dan faktor sosial. Tidak menutup kemungkinan yang terjadi, remaja yang menikah usia dini akan memutuskan pendidikannya karena tuntutan untuk berumah tangga sehingga tidak dapat memiliki pekerjaan yang baik dan tidak bisa menghasilkan pendapatan yang lebih tinggi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh status bekerja, tingkat pendidikan, dan usia terhadap pendapatan perempuan yang menikah usia dini di Kabupaten Tabanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Tabanan. Jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 98 responden remaja perempuan yang menikah usia dini, dengan metode non probability sampling, khususnya qouta sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melalui wawancara. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa status bekerja, tingkat pendidikan, dan usia secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan perempuan yang menikah usia dini. Status bekerja, tingkat pendidikan, dan usia secara parsial berpengaruh positif terhadap pendapatan perempuan yang menikah usia dini. Pemerintah sebaiknya memberikan sosialisasi mendalam dan memberikan kesempatan mengikuti pendidikan kejar paket kepada remaja perempuan yang menikah usia dini sehingga kedepannya dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mencari pekerjaan.

Kata kunci: pernikahan dini, status bekerja, tingkat pendidikan, usia.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INFLASI DI WILAYAH INDONESIA BAGIAN BARAT
Authors: Yasa I Made Putra , Mahaendrayasa Made Sinthya Aryasthini 
Published: January 2024

Inflasi merupakan salah satu indikator stabilitas perekonomian dan isu perekonomian yang selalu menjadi perhatian penting bagi negara berkembang, khususnya Indonesia. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah, tingkat suku bunga, eskpor dan impor terhadap inflasi di Wilayah Indonesia Bagian Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder provinsi-provinsi di Indonesia Bagian barat yang berjumlah 18 provinsi dari tahun 2011-2021. Metode analisis kuantitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode regresi data panel. pengeluaran konsumsi pemerintah berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat inflasi di Wilayah Indonesia Bagian Barat. Suku bunga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat inflasi di Wilayah Indonesia Bagian Barat. Ekspor berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap tingkat inflasi di Wilayah Indonesia Bagian Barat. Impor berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap tingkat inflasi di Wilayah Indonesia Bagian Barat.
Kata Kunci: pengeluaran pemerintah, tingkat suku bunga, eskpor impor, inflasi
tutoría como experiencia de acompañamiento en el marco de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana
Authors: Pérez Ruiz Abel , Cárdenas Anzaldo Paola Odette , Ramírez Martínez Alberto 
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo muestra los resultados de una intervención pedagógica en estudiantes de secundaria, donde se expone la relevancia de la tutoría para ampliar, diversificar y enriquecer el aprendizaje en el marco de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana. El propósito fue implementar un programa de acompañamiento orientado a favorecer la colaboración, la autonomía y la creatividad de los adolescentes en función de sus intereses y expectativas de formación. A partir de un enfoque basado en el método de proyectos se diseñó una serie de actividades pedagógicas sobre la base de tres dimensiones: el saber ser, el saber convivir y el saber disciplinar, las cuales, en conjunto, ofrecieron un reto de conocimiento para darle otro sentido al trabajo tutorial. De lo encontrado se concluye que es necesario reforzar las aptitudes docentes en materia de tutoría para asegurar una formación integral en los estudiantes.

The tutoring as accompaniment in the Mexican New School frame
Abstract
This paper exposes the results of a pedagogical intervention in high school students in which the relevance of tutoring is shown to broaden, diversify and enrich learning in the Mexican New School frame. The purpose was to implement an accompaniment program aimed at promoting the collaboration, autonomy and creativity of the students based on their interests and vocational training expectations. From an approach based on the project method, a series of pedagogical activities was designed on the basis of three dimensions: the knowing how to be, the knowing how to live and the disciplinary knowing, which were a knowledge challenge to give another meaning to tutoring From the studied it is concluded that it is necessary to reinforce the teaching aptitudes in the tutoring to make sure a whole vocational training in the students.
دراسة تحليلية لعدد من المتغيرات البايوميكانيكية لأداء الضربة الامامية ( المستقيمة والقطرية ) وعلاقتها بالدقة للاعبي تنس الطاولة
Authors: فاروق يونس عمر , سعد محمود محمد , عويد عبود نواف 
Published: January 2024

هدف البحث الى التعرف على :
- العلاقة بين عدد من المتغيرات البايوميكانيكية وقيم الدقة للضربة الأمامية(المستقيمة والقطرية) لعينة البحث.
استخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي بالعلاقات الارتباطية لملائمته لطبيعة وأهداف البحث وتكونت عينة البحث من (6) من لاعبي تنس الطاولة المتقدمين في محافظة نينوى ، استخدم الباحثون المصادر العلمية والقياس والاختبار والملاحظة العلمية التقنية والتحليل الحركي كوسائل لجمع البيانات ، تم استخدام آلتي تصوير رقمية نوع (iphone12 pro max) وبسرعة (240) صورة /ثانية ، لدراسة المتغيرات البايوميكانيكية ، تم معالجة البيانات احصائيا باستخدام الحقيبة الاحصائية (spss) للحصول على (الوسط الحسابي ، الانحراف المعياري، معامل الارتباط البسيط بيرسون، قيمة z لاختبار (كولمكروف – سميرنوف ) ) ، واستنتج الباحثون عدد من الاستنتاجات منها :

كان لكبر زاوية مفصل مرفق الذراع الضاربة ، وبعد م.ك.ج عن الطاولة في الوضع الرئيس دوراً فعالاً في الحصول على مدى حركي اوسع للذراع الضاربة في كل من الضربة الأمامية المستقيمة والقطرية للحصول على سرعة ودقة للضربة.
كان للزخم الخطي والطاقة الحركية للذراع الضاربة اهمية في الحصول على كمية حركة وطاقة حركية كبيرتين للحصول على سرعة عالية للكرة في الضربة الأمامية القطرية وبشكل اكبر من الضربة الأمامية المستقيمة.

واوصى الباحثون عدة توصيات للاستفادة منها في تطوير الاداء المهاري للضربة الأمامية( المستقيمة والقطرية)