bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Russia in the Pacific during the Age of Imperialism
Authors: Ziegler Charles E. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Exploration and the pursuit of wealth motivated Russia’s initial drive toward the Pacific, from the seventeenth to the mid-nineteenth century. By the late nineteenth century Russian imperial expansion was encroaching on the interests of China, Japan, and major European powers, opening new economic opportunities but also generating new security threats. Territorial buffer zones were critical to protect sparsely populated and vulnerable frontiers in Siberia and the Russian Far East. The Russian state, under Nicholas II, expanded eastward to acquire territory; preempt expansion by other European powers active in the region; and, for reasons of economic development, each goal advocated by competing elite circles in St. Petersburg. Constant bureaucratic infighting and overly-centralized decision-making often led to ineffective foreign policies in the Pacific region. Russia’s imperial ambitions culminated in the disastrous Russo-Japanese War of 1904–5, and the first Revolution of 1905. Foreign policy setbacks and domestic upheaval forced limited political reforms on the tsar but failed to constrain the autocrat’s foreign policy prerogatives.
Redistribution: Inequality and Envy
Authors: Sehon Scott R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers the question of inequality in relation to overall well-being. Given that money has diminishing marginal utility, there is obvious reason to expect that we would increase overall well-being by diminishing inequality. Capitalists have two replies: first, if we diminish inequality by redistributing wealth, we will destroy incentives and have less wealth overall; second, concerns about inequality really just stem from the petty emotion of envy. This chapter points to empirical data indicating that both replies are wrong. Work by economists indicates that we could make our taxation system far more progressive while not diminishing productivity or tax revenues. Data put together by social scientists Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett show that wealth inequality is toxic to human well-being.
Market Failures I: Public Goods
Authors: Sehon Scott R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Capitalists argue that free markets give people better incentives to make better economic decisions for themselves, and that this ultimately benefits us all. This chapter responds that the capitalist argument in favor of markets breaks down for goods and services where the benefit is diffuse—public goods where the benefit goes well beyond the person who might be able to be made to pay for it at point of service. F. A. Hayek acknowledges this point when it comes to services like sanitation and roads, but the point would arguably extend to other areas like public transportation, education, and healthcare.
Market Failures III: Neighborhood Effects and Climate Change
Authors: Sehon Scott R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter contends that the Hayek and Friedman arguments for the superiority of markets fail whenever there are significant negative externalities, or neighborhood effects, involved with economic transactions. The obvious case of a negative neighborhood effect is pollution, but many other economic decisions can have neighborhood effects that negate the capitalist premise that markets work better for everyone. The biggest and most dangerous example of a neighborhood effect is the looming disaster of climate change. It is quite dubious that capitalism is well situated to deal with this issue. Socialism, via more democratic control of the economy, at least gives us some hope.
Commencing and Concluding the Carita of Krishna
Authors: Pillai Sohini Sarah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 closely compares the first and final books of Villiputturar’s Tamil Pāratam and Sabalsingh Chauhan’s Bhasha (Old Hindi) Mahābhārat. This chapter begins with a discussion of how both Villiputturar and Sabalsingh Chauhan ensure that their audiences are constantly thinking of Krishna from the very beginnings of their respective poems. It then analyzes another key similarity between the Pāratam and the Mahābhārat: the opening books of both texts introduce Krishna as the Pandavas’ protector and, in turn, the Pandavas are introduced as Krishna’s devotees. While the chapter shows that the endings of these retellings are radically different, it also reveals how the conclusions of both texts are integral parts of Villiputturar and Sabalsingh Chauhan’s shared project of recasting the Mahabharata as kṛṣṇacaritas, or works that relate “the deeds of Krishna.”
Prayers and Protection
Authors: Pillai Sohini Sarah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 analyzes how Villiputturar and Sabalsingh Chauhan rework two of the most troubling sequences in the Sanskrit Mahābhārata into devotional stories focused on Krishna. The two epic sequences that are examined in this chapter are the attempted disrobing of the Pandavas’ shared wife Draupadi and the entire fifth book, the Book of Effort, about the preparations for the great battle between the Pandavas and the Kauravas. The comparisons in this chapter reveal significant differences and similarities between these two sequences in Villiputturar’s Tamil Pāratam and Sabalsingh Chauhan’s Bhasha (Old Hindi) Mahābhārat. They also show how the poets incorporate elements of local Vaishnava bhakti traditions into their individual regional retellings.
Remembering Rama
Authors: Pillai Sohini Sarah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6 contends that the prevalence of certain kinds of allusions to the Ramayana narrative tradition throughout the Bhasha (Old Hindi) Mahābhārat identifies Sabalsingh Chauhan as both a devotee of the Hindu god Rama (an incarnation of Vishnu and the hero of the Ramayana tradition) and a connoisseur of the sixteenth-century Rama-centric Bhasha poetry of the beloved bhakti poet Tulsidas. The chapter demonstrates this with examinations of three types of Ramayana allusions in Sabalsingh Chauhan’s Mahābhārat. The first is invocations to Rama and other Ramayana figures in the opening prologues of the different books of the Bhasha poem. The second is episodes in the narrative in which Rama’s most cherished devotee, the monkey deity Hanuman, comes to the aid of the Pandava prince Arjuna. The third is passages in which Krishna is equated with his earlier incarnation of Rama.
Radical Democracy and Sacred Value
Authors: Stauffer Aaron 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter elaborates the political conditions that are implicit within my social practical account of the political role of sacred value and social practical reasoning. To do that, I turn to how counterpublics like broad-based community organizing (BBCO) affiliates habituate individuals in radically democratic social practices and what political conditions are required for individuals and groups to engage in an ethical way of life free of domination, exploitation, expropriation. To make this case I turn to John Dewey, Sheldon Wolin and Cornel West to illustrate the way the everyday patient work of BBCO recasts Dewey’s, Wolin’s, and Wests’s theories of radical democracy. The chapter offers a unique theory of radical democracy that is capacious enough for political struggles involving sacred values and honest enough about racial capitalism and power in democratic life.
On Organizing as Practice
Authors: Stauffer Aaron 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
BBCO is a practice more than it is a craft or art. Most accounts tend to frame BBCO as an activity by single individuals. The lone professional organizer has become the emblem of BBCO, a single stand-in for a collective practice. This chapter argues that BBCO is a practice. The activity of organizing can be best understood by following the action itself rather than focusing on individual actors or actor organizations. One consequence of this account is a richer description of the role of sacred values in the life of BBCO counterpublics and a truer account of the feel of the practice of BBCO. By figuring BBCO as a practice, we can gain greater insight into how sacred values fit into the life of the BBCO constituency and how the organizing involves individual and collective agents taking positions in fields of power where sacred values play important roles.
On Black Organizing
Authors: Stauffer Aaron 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Any account of radical democracy that cannot adequately grapple with the tentacles of capitalist exploitation and racial expropriation in the US is fundamentally flawed. Some religious scholars and theologians are less convinced that BBCO is the right example for radical democracy. The first section of this chapter gets this critique up and running. In the next section, I draw on political and social theorists to argue that capitalism moves by exploitation and expropriation that depends on “hidden abodes” not entirely encompassed within the economy. The third section explores how BBCO organizes against racial capitalism. The final section argues that by centering the political role of sacred value, in this specific case the sacred value of Black life, BBCO can more adequately build relational power that grasps the role of race expropriation and class exploitation in contemporary racial capitalism.
On Churches
Authors: Stauffer Aaron 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a counterpublic political ecclesiology for local churches to join BBCOs. To make this case, I draw from a radical social gospelers, Rev. George Washington Woodbey. After a brief caveat in the first section, this chapter’s second section, then, dives into Woodbey’s life, seeking to draw out from his life and work key themes and principles of a counterpublic political ecclesiology. These are three: cooperation, dialogue, and agitation. We need to do some updating of Woodbey’s nascent political ecclesiology and as I explore Woodbey’s life and writing I work dialogically to develop my counterpublic political ecclesiology. In my third section, I briefly review theologians and theological ethicists who have written about social practices of recognition, political ecclesiology, or churches in organizing. The fourth section sums up my argument and addresses the reality that a counterpublic political ecclesiology of churches in BBCO takes place in religiously plural constituencies.
Land Use and Its Consequences
Authors: Powers Madison 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The first section of the chapter outlines food security implications of agricultural land use, surveys unsustainable features of widespread food production practices, and unpacks the debate over intensification and extensification of agriculture. The second section explores consequences of agricultural land use extending beyond the land itself, affecting groundwater and surface water, oceans, ambient air quality, and the functioning of critical planetary systems. The third section examines causes of destruction and fragmentation of forests and the impacts of the global expansion of forest land used for production of “high-risk commodities.” It explains the linkage between deforestation and declining terrestrial biodiversity and the global market dynamics driving both crises. It assesses the socioeconomic and ecological shortcomings of some proposed nature-based solutions and shows how they perpetuate an unsustainable business-as-usual approach. The fourth section summarizes how these land use issues are conceptualized as human rights concerns and translated into concrete policy proposals.
Water and Social Organization
Authors: Powers Madison 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The first section of the chapter surveys estimates of diminished freshwater availability and explains its causes and consequences. It demonstrates that responsibilities for fulfilling human rights to water within highly interdependent, densely concentrated human settlements are wide-ranging and difficult to carry out in the absence of centralized institutional coordination. The second section examines the global political economy of water resource acquisition and use. It first looks at the global effects of policies designed to conserve a nation’s resources by decoupling its economic growth from its domestic water consumption. It then examines unsustainable policies that promote production or export of resource-depleting crops and commodities. The third section assesses the privatization of water delivery and sanitation services, the political objectives and market dynamics behind it, and the problems that have ensued. It evaluates the ecological and human rights implications of placing highly consequential water resource decisions in the hands of private institutions.
Energy Transition Pathways
Authors: Powers Madison 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter shows how pathways for transition to sustainable energy policies generate new ecological and economic risks, introduce market uncertainties, and disrupt established expectations. Hence the allure of sacrifice-free solutions and incrementally transformative pathways. The first section considers pathways unlikely to produce timely changes because they depend on unrealistic assumptions regarding human behavior or the operation of markets. The second section examines solutions that produce some positive results but create problems within another sphere of activity, shift problems onto other communities, or postpone or magnify long-term harm. Section three explores “path dependencies,” aspects of social organization that lock in existing economic relations, thereby constraining the feasible options for the future. Examples include market strategies that prolong the commercial life of unsustainable products and unsustainable governmental policies skewed by corporate interests, extensive state investments, and national security objectives. Section four illustrates connections between human rights and a sustainable energy transition.
Foundations
Authors: McLean Kate C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter defines culture as encompassing the valued practices and activities of community members, such as storytelling, as well as the processes of negotiating with master and alternative narratives. The historical foundation of the study of self and identity is articulated, including an analysis of how the hyperattention to self comes at the cost of attending to the larger sociocultural context. Such hyperattention results in viewing individuals as having more agency to control and chart their life courses than they may have in reality. The challenge of cultural change is illuminated with the examples about narratives regarding American racism. The challenge of studying personal change is examined in terms of the study of posttraumatic growth.
Our Scientific Responsibility for Change
Authors: McLean Kate C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter concludes the volume with a call toward changes in scientific approaches and practices. Suggestions include prioritizing descriptive work, the inclusion of more diverse and representative samples, including systemic and structural analyses in psychological research, and greater transparency about the biases of scholars. Examples of doing such work are provided, including in the study of psychological well-being, racial and gender identity, and socialization within the LGBTQ+ community.
Seeing Beauty
Authors: Grillo Jennie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Susanna’s is a story of being seen, and the reception of the biblical tale has clustered around its themes of subjection to sight. Much of the painting tradition of the story has been characterized as voyeuristic, and this criticism has often been extended to implicate the text of the Additions in the painters’ guilt. This chapter examines a series of moments in that story and its representation in painting, and concludes that the text itself, particularly in Theodotion’s recension, rejects the voyeurism of the elders. This resistance is also successfully captured in Tintoretto’s attention to Susanna’s own subjectivity, in Rembrandt’s echo of the text’s own critique of the voyeur, and in Rubens’ frankness about the violent horror of Susanna’s situation. Interpreters like Pseudo-Chrysostom illuminate the way Susanna defies shame, and medieval illuminators put her beauty to typological uses.
Food and Culture in the Works of Ford Madox Ford, Gertrude Stein, and Virginia Woolf
Authors: O’Brien Nanette 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Food and Culture in Ford Madox Ford, Gertrude Stein, and Virginia Woolf: Culinary Civilization examines the literary representation of food in the first half of the twentieth century. Embodying a transition from late nineteenth-century concerns to the upheavals of twentieth-century modernity, their works exhibit fascinations with sensual and aesthetic taste and the implications of food preparation and consumption in Britain, America, and France. Representations of everyday culinary practices provide these authors with a way to articulate concerns about the state of civilization, particularly in peacetime. This book proposes that food is significant to literary modernism in two major ways. The first is that food culture provides a means for thinking about the dialectic between the concepts of civilization and barbarism. The second is that writing about food is necessarily grounded in material history, and this book establishes the contexts and conditions of food culture in the first half of the twentieth century, particularly with regards to women’s experiences of dining. Drawing on sociological thinking from Norbert Elias’s conception of the civilizing process and Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of distinction, and using close reading and biographical and historical analysis, Food and Culture in Ford Madox Ford, Gertrude Stein, and Virginia Woolf reveals Ford’s, Stein’s, and Woolf’s investment in the connections between culinary practices and social and political change that contribute to a positive vision of civilization.
Cultures of Food and Eating
Authors: O’Brien Nanette 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chapter 1: ‘Cultures of Food and Eating’ establishes that the concepts of nationhood, food culture, and history in early twentieth-century England, France, and America are an intrinsic part of the discussion about culinary civilization in Ford’s, Stein’s, and Woolf’s work. Food helps these authors to form their notions of civilization with regard to industrialism, agriculture, domesticity, education, and gender. Changes in these contexts can be linked to how each of the three authors understand the historicity of food and its social effects in relation to civilization and barbarism. This chapter traces the nineteenth-century legacies that are carried into and adapted in the twentieth century by modernist writers, from Victorian social norms, to diet reform, to shifts in growing, processing, and preparing food. Transformations are seen in the industrialization of food and agricultural production in all three countries, in a rapidly growing processed-food market, and in the shrinking populace of domestic servants as middle-class households cook more for themselves and eat out in restaurants more.
Rights and Recognition Puzzles
Authors: Hickey Sam , Sen Kunal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores what drives ruling elites to offer protection to vulnerable and excluded groups. It focuses on two different types of response: the adoption of non-contributory forms of social assistance targeted at vulnerable groups and the passing of legislation designed to protect women from domestic violence. Both policy responses were actively promoted by international actors in the first two decades of the twenty-first century and have been subject to different levels of resistance and forms of ‘policy translation’ in different contexts. This chapter argues that elite commitment to adopting and delivering both cash transfers and anti-domestic-violence legislation was directly shaped by the configuration of power and by the nature of paradigmatic ideas within different types of political settlement. In some cases, reforms were led by dominant leaders with an ideological commitment to development and women’s rights. More often, change was catalysed by advocates establishing ‘reform coalitions’ that were able to navigate and overcome various forms of ideological, political, and bureaucratic resistance within increasingly competitive settlements. For cash transfers these reform coalitions were led by international development agencies who formed alliances with government officials and then a broader range of actors, whereas the key actors on women’s rights were women’s movements, female parliamentarians, and senior ‘femocrats’ (feminist bureaucrats). Successful coalitional strategies included the alignment of advocacy messaging with dominant ideas (e.g. dignity or vulnerability, and family values rather than ‘rights’) and co-option of potential veto actors (e.g. finance ministry officials, religious leaders).
Enhancing Disruption
Authors: Dell'Erba Marco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides an analysis of initial coin offerings, their development in the market, and their role in shaping the development of the cryptoeconomy. It identifies the initial ICO ‘structural’ pattern and its subsequent evolutions. It then characterizes ICOs in three major jurisdictions—the United States, Europe, and Switzerland. Furthermore, this chapter considers specific unsolved issues as they emerged in the markets and legal systems. In doing so, it focuses on the lack of a definitive approach for regulating ICOs, as well as on specific promises that ICOs breached, in particular with respect to financial inclusion, disintermediation, and infrastructural transformations. Finally, this chapter identifies the main consequences brought by ICOs, with an emphasis on capital market structures and digital securities, which triggered multiple transformations at multiple levels, including corporate governance, development of digital assets, and non-fungible tokens.
First Conversation
Authors: Pattison George 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Continuing the previous chapter, Dostoevsky explains how the widowed husband of A Gentle Spirit might escape despair by acknowledging his guilt, a principle spelled out in The Brothers Karamazov as ‘each is guilty of everything, before everyone, and I most of all’. Attention is paid as to whether guilt is something we need to be freed from or to embrace. The transition from despair to faith is further discussed in terms of Dostoevsky’s dialectical method and a parallel is drawn with Hegel and his possible influence on the Russian writer. The meaning of the suicide in A Gentle Spirit is considered further.
Fifth Conversation
Authors: Pattison George 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The narrator encounters Dostoevsky in Glasgow’s Kelvingrove Park. He has been handed a pamphlet in the cause of Scottish independence. This occasions a discussion of nationalism and Dostoevsky’s view that the experience of brotherhood, lacking in the West, is a defining feature of Russia and its historical significance. He explains his support for Russia’s intervention in the Balkan Wars. The narrator worries that this is an exclusive view, implying that Russians have a superior access to truth. They are joined by the philosopher V. S. Solovyov, who argues that Dostoevsky’s view of humanity is not nationalistic but universal. However, he and Dostoevsky disagree about the Church. Dostoevsky and Solovyov explain to the narrator that human history is the progressive fulfilment of a process of life discernible already in the life of nature.