bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term oncologic outcomes of unselected triple-negative breast cancer patients according to BRCA1/2 mutations
Authors: Ryu Jai Min , Chung Soo Yeon , Park Woong Ki , Jung You Jin , Nam Seok Jin , Kim Seok Won , Yu Jonghan , Chae Byung Joo , Lee Jeong Eon , Kim Sung-Won 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients are more likely to have BRCA1/2 mutations, with a prevalence rate of about 10–20%. Although several studies have analyzed the oncologic outcomes between BRCA1/2 carriers and non-carriers, the impact on breast cancer patients is still unclear. A retrospective review was performed to determine the differences in long-term outcomes of TNBC patients according to BRCA1/2 mutation status. A total of 953 TNBC patients who underwent primary breast cancer surgery from June 2008 to January 2016 were included. The oncologic outcomes were compared according to BRCA1/2 mutation status. Overall, 122 patients (12.8%) had BRCA1/2 mutations. The median follow-up duration was 80.9 months. There were no significant differences in distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival (P = 0.330 and 0.549, respectively) between BRCA1/2 carriers and non-carriers at 150 months. However, BRCA1/2 carrier cumulative recurrence rate and breast cancer-specific survival rate showed meaningful difference compared to non-carriers at 150 months (36.1% vs. 23.5%, 88.8% vs. 82.4%, P = 0.080 and 0.072, respectively). Cumulative contralateral breast cancer (CBC) incidence for BRCA1/2 carriers at 150 months was significantly higher than non-carriers (25.5% vs. 5.2%, P = 0.018). Among 29 patients with CBC recurrence, 24 patients (82.8%) had recurring TNBC type breast cancer and among the CBC recurrence patients, 19 patients (65.5%) resumed chemotherapy. In unselected TNBC patients with known BRCA1/2 mutations, we found significantly increased CBC recurrence in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers than non-carriers. While survival was not significantly different, more than 80% of CBC recurrence patients were TNBC.
E4BP4 in macrophages induces an anti-inflammatory phenotype that ameliorates the severity of colitis
Authors: Taguchi Akihiko , Kajimura Yasuko , Ohta Yasuharu , Yamamoto Kaoru , Masuda Konosuke , Nagao Yuko , Shibata Kensuke , Asaoka Yoichi , Furutani-Seiki Makoto , Tanizawa Yukio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Macrophages are versatile cells of the innate immune system that work by altering their pro- or anti-inflammatory features. Their dysregulation leads to inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. We show that macrophage-specific upregulation of the clock output gene and transcription factor E4BP4 reduces the severity of colitis in mice. RNA-sequencing and single-cell analyses of macrophages revealed that increased expression of E4BP4 leads to an overall increase in expression of anti-inflammatory genes including Il4ra with a concomitant reduction in pro-inflammatory gene expression. In contrast, knockout of E4BP4 in macrophages leads to increased proinflammatory gene expression and decreased expression of anti-inflammatory genes. ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq analyses further identified Il4ra as a target of E4BP4, which drives anti-inflammatory polarization in macrophages. Together, these results reveal a critical role for E4BP4 in regulating macrophage inflammatory phenotypes and resolving inflammatory bowel diseases.
A Capstone Experience for International MDs: Preparing UAE Graduates for UME to GME Transitions post COVID Pandemic
Authors: Dimassi Zakia , Zitoon Mohammed Abu , Ahmad Masood , Lutfi Dana , Mohamed Ahmed , Murray David 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
Facilitating the transition of graduating medical students who did their clinical clerkships under the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions to post-graduate training remains under-explored, particularly in the Middle East region.
Objectives:
A tailored Capstone course was developed to bridge the educational gaps for the first graduating class in the first MD program across the United Arab Emirates, to ready them for residency training. These are international medical graduates who studied exclusively online for years 1 and 2 because of the COVID19 pandemic restrictions, which affected their proper acquisition of clinical skills. They also are the first cohort to graduate from a nascent MD program in the UAE, while all other medical schools in the country have historically adopted the MBBS program.
Methods:
A total of 26 fourth-year medical students participated in the Capstone course between April and May 2023. Pre- and post-course students’ self-confidence levels on the skills learned were analysed using paired t-tests to determine any statistical significance. Means, standard seviations, and p-values for all stations were computed to summarize the overall changes in confidence levels.
Results:
The statistical analysis revealed a highly statistically significant p-value of 8.68757E-06, indicating a substantial improvement in the students' self-confidence levels after completing the capstone course. The findings support the effectiveness of the course in enhancing students' confidence, noting that the overall results are more favorable for the psychomotor skills (p-value = 0.00011), with the exception of the cognitive skills related to “reporting events/participating in root cause analysis”, and “recognize high risk medications for error and how to report such errors”.
Conclusions:
The current study demonstrates the positive impact of a capstone course on the self-confidence levels of graduating medical students. The significant improvements in both psychomotor and cognitive/communication skills highlight the value of targeted training and hands-on experiences in addressing the gaps in clinical education. The results underscore the importance of incorporating in-person training opportunities, especially for developing psychomotor skills, and provide insights for curriculum development and the design of future capstone programs.
Vitrification-Enabled Enhancement of Proton Conductivity in Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks
Authors: Liang Linfeng , Yang Feng-Fan , Wang Xiao-Lu , Tian Jiayue , Yang Yin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are versatile materials with potential applications in proton conduction. Traditional approaches involve incorporating humidity control to address grain boundary challenges for proton conduction. This study finds vitrification as an alternative strategy to eliminate grain boundary effect in HOFs by rapidly melt quenching the kinetically stable to glassy state HOF-SXU-8-g. Notably, a remarkable enhancement in proton conductivity without humidity was achieved after vitrification, from 1.31 × 10-7 S cm-1 to 5.62 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 100°C. Long term stability test showed negligible performance degradation, and even at 30°C, the proton conductivity remained at high level of 1.2 × 10-2 S cm-1. Molecule dynamics (MD) simulations and X-ray total scattering experiments reveal the HOF-SXU-8-g system is consisted of three kinds of clusters, i.e., 1,5-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid (1,5-NSA) anion clusters, N,N-dimethylformamide molecule clusters, and H+-H2O clusters. In which, the H+ plays an important role to bridge these clusters and the high conductivity is mainly related to the H+ on H3O+. 1H magic angle spinning (MAS) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed that the H+ mobility was increased significantly after the transformation. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing HOFs, enabling efficient proton conduction, and advancing energy conversion and storage devices.
Prevalence and correlates of subclinical hypothyroidism in young first-episode drug-naïve major depression patients with high BMI
Authors: Liu Chengyang , Yu Hui , Sun Xiaghong , Xu Qitao , Wang Xinyue , Huang Yingying , Sun Ping , zhang Xiangyang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Both subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and overweight or obesity are prevalent in major depressive disorder (MDD), with inconsistent results due to differences in inclusion criteria in previous studies. Few previous studies have compared the prevalence and influencing factors of SCH in MDD patients accompanied by overweight or obesity between those who are not. The aim of our study was to examine the prevalence of SCH and associated risk factors among young Chinese first-episode drug-naïve (FEND) MDD patients with overweight or obesity and exclude the impact of age and medication. This study recruited a total of 1289 young FEDN MDD outpatients and their demographic data, clinical information, thyroid function and biochemical parameters were collected. They were also assessed on the Hamilton Depression Inventory (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Inventory (HAMA), and Positive and Negative Symptom Scales (PANSS). The incidence of SCH in young FEDN MDD patients with overweight or obesity was 65.78%, which was 1.59 times higher than that in patients without high BMI (28.6%). Patients with SCH had longer duration of illness, higher HAMA, HAMD, and PANSS positive symptom scores, stronger suicide attempts, higher blood pressure (BP), higher fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC) levels and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels than those without SCH. Additionally, logistic regression showed that the HAMD score, fasting blood glucose, TC levels, HDL-C levels, systolic and diastolic BP were significantly associated with SCH. Furthermore, the combination of TC levels and systolicBP could differentiate patients with SCH from those without SCH. Our results suggested a high incidence of SCH in young MDD patients with high BMI. The severity of depression and several metabolic parameters contribute to the incidence of SCH in young MDD patients with high BMI.
Core-shell Co3O4/CF flexible composites constructed by Co3O4 nanofibers on carbon fibers as the high-performance microwave absorber
Authors: Liu Xiaowei , Tian Konghu , Zhang Chao , Wang Jing , Li Yufei , Xu Lixin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study obtained cobalt nitrate (Co3O4)/carbon fibers (CF) composites with the core-shell structure using in situ Co3O4 growth on lightweight and flexible hydrophilic CF through a hydrothermal synthesis method and a simple heat treatment to improve the attenuation of microwaves and their absorption properties. The urea content was adjusted to tune the needle-like morphology of Co3O4. The results showed that sample S3 had excellent microwave absorption (MA) performance with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -61.55 dB at 4.75 mm thickness. However, the thickness corresponding to the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL<-10 dB) of 4.72 GHz was only 1.88 mm, covering almost the entire Ku band. CF, as the core of the structure, significantly impacted the microwave reflection. However, the Co3O4 shell coating dominated the dielectric loss of the Co3O4/CF composite, and its MA performance improved with the Co3O4 structure refinement. This study provided a practical solution for preparing lightweight and efficient transition metal oxide and carbon-based MA composites.
Early outcomes of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for high-risk surgical patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xin , Zhong Xiaohan , Jinag Wenjian , Zhang Hongjia , Liu Yuyong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Data regarding transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) in treating high-risk surgical patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) is scarce. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the early outcomes of TEER for the treatment of DMR, as compared with surgery.
Methods:PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched for eligible studies. The primary outcomes were early (in‐hospital or within 30 days) all-cause mortality and survival at 1-year. The secondary outcomes comprised acute postprocedural residual mitral regurgitation (MR) >2+, recurrent MR > 2+ at 1-year, and SF-36 physical score at 1-year.
Results: A total of 4 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled results showed that there was no significant difference in early all-cause mortality (OR = 1.093, 95% CI [0.393, 3.041], p = 0.864), survival at 1-year (OR= 0.996, 95% CI [0.403, 2.458], p = 0.993), and SF-36 physical score at 1-year (SMD = 0.044, 95% CI [-0.217, 0.305], p = 0.740) between TEER and surgery. However, TEER was associated a higher risk of acute postprocedural residual MR > 2+ (OR = 11.819, 95% CI [6.498, 21.496], p < 0.001) and MR >2+ at 1-year (OR = 4.114, 95% CI [2.188, 7.737], p <0.001) compared with surgery.
Conclusions:TEER achieves similar early survival to surgery in DMR patients with high-risk profiles. Acute postprocedural residual MR >2+ and recurrent MR > 2+ at 1-year, however, occurs more frequently after TEER than surgery.
TITLE: Antibiotic Therapy in Moderate to Late Preterm Infants with Presumed Early Onset Sepsis is Associated with Aberrations to Feeding Tolerance and Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Ng Daniel , Fan Wei Qi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Presumed early onset sepsis (PEOS) requiring antibiotics is concerning for our cohort of moderate to late preterm infants. Studies on very premature neonates have shown disruption to feeding tolerance achievement. We aimed to assess whether this concern is valid in our cohort and whether a link existed to prolonged jaundice. A single site retrospective study was performed on infants born between 32+ 3 and 36+ 6 weeks (2016 to 2019). PEOS infants on antibiotics (ABX) were strictly matched by gestational age (± 1 day) and birthweight (± 5%) against a reference group of non-PEOS infants (REF). Key outcomes included: enteral feeding commencement and achievement; feeding intolerance (FI); phototherapy commencement and duration; antibiotic therapy duration; maximum bilirubin (MaxBili); length of stay (LEN); net post-birth weight gain. ABX(n = 185):REF(n = 185) univariate and multivariable analysis revealed (respectively): delayed enteral feed commencement (p < 0.001, p < 0.001); no difference in FI; delayed onset of peak jaundice (p = 0.002, p = 0.001); increased duration of phototherapy (p = 0.016, p = 0.001); increased LEN (p < 0.002, p < 0.035). Univariate analysis also showed (ABX:REF): no significant difference in MaxBili; delayed full enteral feed achievement (p = 0.010). Univariant or multivariable analysis found no difference in irradiance level. However, for REF infants having 0 or 1 lights, there was a bias towards increased irradiance for ABX infants (< 0.001, 0.037 respectively). In moderate to late preterm infants, PEOS antibiotic therapy is associated with negative impacts on feeding and jaundice, adding to an infant’s burden of suffering.
Cross-border CO2 Transport Decreases Public Support for Carbon Capture and Storage
Authors: Anders Sven , Meyerhoff Jürgen , Liebe Ulf 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) of CO2 has become indispensable to reach net-zero targets. Investments into cross-border CO2 transport infrastructure are considered essential to the cost-efficiency of a CCS strategy. We conduct multifactorial vignette experiments in four European countries and Canada to disentangle the impact of cross-border CO2 transport on individuals’ acceptance and fairness evaluations of CCS. We find its perceived unfairness to clearly hinder public acceptance of CCS.
Basic characteristics of tongue pressure and electromyography generated by articulation of a syllable using the posterior part of the tongue
Authors: Manda Yousuke , Kodama Naoki , Mori Keitaro , Adachi Reimi , Matsugishi Makoto , Minagi Shogo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The basic function of the tongue in pronouncing diadochokinesis and other syllables is not fully understood. Our study aimed to clarify the influence of sex, syllables, tongue pressure, and muscle activity associated with the movement of the posterior tongue on sound pressure levels during articulation in 19 healthy adults (mean age: 28.2 years; range: 22–33 years). Tongue pressure and activity of the posterior tongue were measured using electromyography (EMG) when the soft palatal sounds /ka/, /ko/, /ga/, and /go/ were pronounced at 70, 60, 50, and 40 dB. In the multiple regression analysis with sound pressure level as the objective variable and sex, syllable, tongue pressure, EMG as explanatory variables, the adjusted coefficient of determination for the degrees of freedom was 0.24. Tongue pressure and EMG were adopted as explanatory variables, with standard regression coefficients of 3.72 and 3.63, respectively. Tongue pressure and muscle activity were significantly increased at 70 dB compared to other sound pressure levels. Tongue pressure and muscle activity had a significant effect on the sound pressure generated during articulation. Tongue is strongly activated during articulation at sound pressure levels greater than the daily level.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as add-on therapy in persistent postural-perceptual dizziness
Authors: Jia Yao , Wang Hongbin , Li Dan , Wu Xingli , Yang Jiawen , Min Weifei , Ma Ting , Huang He , Li Rui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
To observe the clinical efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as add-on therapy for patients with PPPD.
Methods
In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial, we assigned patients diagnosed with PPPD in a 1:1 ratio to receive active or sham rTMS treatment as add-on therapy over the existing routine treatments. The primary efficacy end point was the levels of vertigo, anxiety and depression at baseline, 2 weeks and 4 weeks of treatment as indicated by the Dizziness Impairment Inventory (DHI), Hamilton Anxiety Inventory (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Inventory (HAMD), respectively. The primary safety endpoint was the adverse events.
Results
Twenty-two participants were assigned to undergo active rTMS (10 Hz for 20 min in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) once a day, 5 times a week for 20 sessions) and 22 to sham rTMS. The HAMA, HAMD and DHI scores at the end of 2 or 4 weeks significantly decreased in rTMS group as compared with sham rTMS group (P༜0.05). There was a correlation between the decrease in DHI score and the decrease in HAMA and HAMD scores. The incidence of adverse reactions in rTMS group was 9% (2/22), which was not statistically significant as compared with sham rTMS group (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
This pilot study shown that rTMS is beneficial to patients with PPPD as add-on therapy. Further multi-centered, large-scale randomized clinical trials are warranted.
Reporting of the certainty of evidence through GRADE in systematic reviews in dentistry indexed during late 2019 - late 2020
Authors: de Oliveira Julia Meller Dias , Oliveira Luciana Buttini , Pauletto Patricia , Stefani Cristine Miron , Massignan Carla , Martins Carolina Castro , Porfírio Gustavo José Martiniano , Peres Marco Aurélio , Flores-Mir Carlos , Canto Graziela De Luca 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To assess how systematic reviews of interventions in dentistry report the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, Evaluation approach (GRADE).
Methods: A search on MEDLINE/PubMed database from September 2019 to September 2020 was performed. We included systematic reviews of intervention in dentistry using the GRADE approach to assess the certainty of the evidence. Data was narratively synthesized and summarized using relative frequencies.
Results: From 449 retrieved systematic reviews of interventions in dentistry, 23.6% used the GRADE approach and were finally included. Among these, 92.5% used the approach as recommended by the GRADE developers. Regarding the GRADE individual components, 73.6% of studies reported how the risk of bias, 61.3% inconsistency, 16% indirectness, 41.5% imprecision, and 48.1% publication bias domains were assessed. Overall, 41.5% of reviews clearly stated the main outcome assessed and, from these, 6.8% reported high, 38.6% moderate, 25% low, and 29.5% very low certainty of the evidence. For the remaining reviews (50.9%), the main outcome was not possible to be identified, and in 7.5% the judgement about the certainty of evidence found was not adequately reported. Finally, 59.4% of systematic reviews used the certainty of evidence assessment to support their conclusion.
Conclusions: Only around one in four systematic reviewsof interventions in dentistry identified in this study have used the GRADE approach to assess the certainty of evidence. In most of those reviews that applied it, GRADE was correctly applied. In more than half, the certainty of the evidence was judged to be low or very low.
Ambroxol-enhanced frequency and amplitude of beating cilia mediated by pHi and [Cl-]i in lung airway epithelial cells of mice
Authors: Nakahari Takashi , Suzuki Chihiro , Kawaguchi Kotoku , Hosogi Shigekuni , Tanaka Saori , Asano Shinji , Inui Toshio , Marunaka Yoshinori 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ambroxol (ABX), a frequently prescribed secretolytic agent that stimulates Ca2+ release from acidic stores and Ca2+ entry through CaV1.2, enhanced the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and ciliary bend angle (CBA, an index of amplitude) by 30% in ciliated lung airway epithelial cells (c-LAECs) of mice. An increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) stimulated by ABX triggers two signals in c-LAECs; an increase in pHi (pH pathway) and a decrease in [Cl-]i (Cl- pathway). The pH pathway, which was activated by the HCO3- entry through Na+-HCO3- cotransporter (NBC) and inhibited by 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid (DIDS), enhanced the CBF (by 30%) and CBA (by 15-20%) and the Cl- pathway, which was activated by Cl- secretion through anoctamine 1 (ANO1) and inhibited by Cl- channel blockers (NPPB and T16Ainh), enhanced the CBA (by 10-15%). The enhancement of the CBF and CBA stimulated by ABX was decreased to 50% by a Ca2+-free solution or nifedipine (an inhibitor of L-type Ca2+ channels) and was abolished by BAPTA-AM in c-LAECs, indicating that an increase in [Ca2+]i stimulated by ABX is essential for activating the pH pathway and the Cl- pathway. The enhancement of CBF and CBA enhanced by ABX was mimicked by applying a CO2/HCO3--free Cl--free solution, which increased the pHi and decreased the [Cl-]i. In conclusion, ABX increased the CBF and CBA by 30% via the pH pathway and the Cl- pathway triggered by the [Ca2+]i increase in c-LAECs of mice.
"Not everyone wants to go to Europe": Narrative inquiry into the psychological struggle between movement and settlement among Syrian refugees in Turkey
Authors: Lucic Luka 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Following the onset of the Syrian Civil War, Turkey came to host the largest refugee population in the world. As of September of 2023, over 3.6 million Syrian nationals were still residing on Turkish territory, the majority of whom are classified under the temporary protection status. Their legal status in Turkey is precarious, and their access to the rights guaranteed by the 1951 U.N. Refugee Convention is limited. Yet, without the right to settle permanently in Turkey and despite the legal and economic challenges that complicate their everyday life, most Syrian refugees are reluctant to migrate toward the economically developed countries of Western Europe. Employing the methodology of narrative inquiry, this work explores the narrative-based thought processes among seven refugees of the Syrian Civil War living in Istanbul. Analyses show a complex, dynamic, and culturally situated process of making sense across two cultural contexts. While their thoughts, feelings, and attention are primarily directed towards their everyday life in Turkey, the attempts at making sense of their everyday reality are refracted through the prism of Europe. As a relational context – or as an illusion once held and then lost – Europe is not a teleological end destination of their journey but a symbolic place of refuge.