bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myopericytoma of the mouth floor: The diagnostic and therapeutic challenge—A case report and literature review
Authors: Hamdy Omar , Mahmoud Aya , Attia Samar , Megahed Nirmeen , Elged Basma , Mansour Manar , Awny Shadi , Ezat Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMyopericytoma is defined as a rare benign myxoid tumour that is usually found in distal extremities. However, it may rarely affect the oral cavity. Few cases of oral myopericytoma were reported in the literature. A 56‐year‐old female patient presented with a mouth floor lesion. A wedge biopsy performed from the lesion revealed an atypical round cell proliferation, which may be plasmablastic lymphoma or plasmacytoma. Post‐contrast neck MRI described a well‐defined lobulated lesion at the right sublingual region measuring 14 × 21 mm. Transoral wide local excision of the ulcer was performed, and reconstruction of the defect was done using an inferiorly‐based nasolabial flap. Microscopic examination of the excised swelling revealed a tumour proliferation formed of bland‐looking spindle cells alternating with fibroblasts and intervening vascular spaces. No detected mitosis or necrosis in the examined material. IHC staining of the tumour cells was positive for Caldesmon and alpha smooth muscle actin, while Ki67 was positive in 3% of cellularity. Desmin, ALK, B‐catenin, ERG, CD31, and CD138 showed a negative reaction. This led to the diagnosis of bland spindle cell proliferation suggestive of oral myopericytoma with free all surgical margins. Myoepricytoma is a rare benign tumour that rarely affects the oral cavity. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment. Local flaps constitute a good choice for the reconstruction of the resection defect.
Dynamic Anterior Stabilization with Hill‐Sachs Remplissage Can be Employed in Skeletally Immature Patients—Operative Technique
Authors: Neculau Diana‐Cosmina , Avram George Mihai , Simion Cosmin , Predescu Vlad , Obada Bogdan , Popescu Ion‐Andrei 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundNumerous studies indicate that glenoid bony augmentation raises the risk of complications during and after surgery. On the other hand, repairing the labrum alone in cases with subcritical glenoid bone loss results in recurrent instability and persistent apprehension. As a result, recent advancements in shoulder instability surgery prioritize fully restoring the anterior shoulder restraint.Operative TechniqueA novel method for treating recurrent anterior shoulder instability with subcritical glenoid bone loss and off‐track Hill‐Sachs lesion in skeletally immature patients is suggested: the use of dynamic anterior stabilization technique incorporating the long head of the biceps tendon onto the anterior glenoid rim via trans‐subscapular transfer, in conjunction with Hill‐Sachs remplissage. A practical, step‐by‐step surgical technique for a complete reconstruction of the anterior capsule‐labral‐ligamentous complex is provided. This involves utilizing a soft‐tissue dynamic anterior sling, achieved through the trans‐subscapularis transfer of the long head of the biceps tendon at the glenoid level. The procedure concludes with a Hill‐Sachs remplissage to further prevent off‐track events and alleviate apprehension.ConclusionDynamic anterior stabilization is a suitable approach for addressing recurring anterior shoulder instability in skeletally immature patients who have subcritical glenoid bone loss and bipolar bone lesions.
Contact allergy to subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator in a child with Brugada syndrome
Authors: Ciriello Giovanni Domenico , Colonna Diego , Correra Anna , Romeo Emanuele , Russo Maria Giovanna , Sarubbi Berardo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAllergic reactions to components of cardiac implantable electronic devices are rare and often go undiagnosed, which can lead to a misdiagnosis of device infection. Contact allergy to subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S‐ICD) is extremely rare. In this report, we present a case of cobalt‐related contact allergy in a pediatric patient with Brugada syndrome who underwent S‐ICD implantation.
Evaluation of the use of chamomile in isolation and in association with laser photobiomodulation in the healing of rats oral mucosa
Authors: Fortuna Tila , Dantas Juliana Borges , Santana Rejane Conceição , Della Cella Hortência Resende , de Jesus Campos Elisângela , Martins Gabriela Botelho 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLaser photobiomodulation (LPBM) has been shown to be one of the possible modulating agents of inflammation. Similarly, medicinal plants, such as chamomile (Matricaria recutita) are also used with the same purpose. To evaluate tissue repair in the dorsum of the tongue of rats under topical use of chamomile alone and in association with LPBM. Seventy‐five male Wistar rats received a standardized wound on the dorsum of the tongue and were allocated into experimental groups: Control (G1), Chamomile Fluid extract (G2), Chamomile Infusion (G3), Laser (G4), Chamomile Infusion + Laser (G5). Euthanasia was done on days 3, 7, and 14 after surgery. Ulcers were evaluated and measured with a caliper. Sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Picrosirius Red allowed evaluation of edema, inflammatory infiltrate, cellularity, and re‐epithelialization and characterization of total collagen. Histomorphometric analysis of the percentage of total collagen, the distance from the basal layer to the epithelial surface, and the thickness of the stratum corneum were performed. The G2 and G4 groups modulated the exudative and proliferative phases of inflammation, both clinically and histologically. The G3 and G5 groups did not show significant differences in relation to the G1 group in most of the evaluated parameters. Chamomile fluid extract and LPBM alone showed better clinical and histological responses for tissue repair than the association between these therapeutic modalities. There were differences in the parameters of clinical, histological, and histomorphometric patterns between the experimental groups of the present investigation. The LPBM proved to be superior in the performed analysis.
Daniel Billy et al v Australia (Torres Strait Islanders Petition): Climate change inaction as a human rights violation
Authors: Lentner Gabriel M. , Cenin Weronika 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis case note analyses in detail the decision of the United Nations Human Rights Committee (HRComm) in Daniel Billy et al v Australia. The decision concerned a communication brought by members of an indigenous peoples' group from the Torres Strait Islands in the state of Queensland, Australia. The applicants claimed that their human rights had been violated as a result of the State's failure to take mitigation and adaptation measures to combat the effects of climate change. The HRComm's finding of a violation of the applicants' human rights deserves a closer look, as it has broader implications for future climate change‐related human rights litigation. While the HRComm missed the opportunity to consider the State's human rights obligations concerning climate change mitigation, this decision represents an important milestone in climate change litigation, as it confirms a State's obligation to protect a community from adverse climate change effects and recognises the specific vulnerabilities of indigenous peoples and their cultures to its impacts.
Safety and efficacy of blood flow restriction exercise in individuals with neurological disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Jønsson Anette Bach , Krogh Søren , Laursen Henrik Sehested , Aagaard Per , Kasch Helge , Nielsen Jørgen Feldbæk 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis systematic review evaluated the safety and efficacy of blood flow restriction exercise (BFRE) on skeletal muscle size, strength, and functional performance in individuals with neurological disorders (ND).MethodsA literature search was performed in PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase. Two researchers independently assessed eligibility and performed data extraction and quality assessments. Eligibility criteria: Study populations with ND, BFRE as intervention modality, outcome measures related to safety or efficacy.ResultsOut of 443 studies identified, 16 were deemed eligible for review. Three studies examined the efficacy and safety of BFRE, one study focused on efficacy results, and 12 studies investigated safety. Disease populations included spinal cord injury (SCI), inclusion body myositis (sIBM), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and stroke. A moderate‐to‐high risk of bias was presented in the quality assessment. Five studies reported safety concerns, including acutely elevated pain and rating of perceived exertion levels, severe fatigue, muscle soreness, and cases of autonomic dysreflexia. Two RCTs reported a significant between‐group difference in physical function outcomes, and two RCTs reported neuromuscular adaptations.ConclusionBFRE seems to be a potentially safe and effective training modality in individuals with ND. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to limited quality and number of studies, small sample sizes, and a general lack of heterogeneity within and between the examined patient cohorts.
Locked out? Navigating the geographies of precarity on Britain's waterways
Authors: Herman Agatha , Yarwood Richard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMotivations for living on the UK's waterways range from lifestyle to financial, but increasing numbers have been pushed aboard in response to current, and longstanding, cost‐of‐living and housing crises. However, while more affordable than living on land, our qualitative investigation reveals a diversity of practices and experiences of marginalisation on the waterways, drawing out the impacts of temporal and spatial fluidity to inform our understanding of precarity in a mobile world. The waterways are a contested and politicised space with diverse actors seeking to delineate legitimate practices and users. Liveaboard boaters practice residential subjectivities in what others designate as leisure spaces. Resistance to such powerful claims to the waterways is not necessarily chosen or active and yet has become implicit to boaters' everyday practices. The mobility and liminality offered by boat living, experienced by some as a chosen freedom and others as a restrictive imposition, presents opportunities for resistance to powerful interests but also social marginalisation and stigmatisation. Through a focus on moorings, we highlight the legal and spatial grey areas regularly inhabited by all boaters. In seemingly secure marinas, we expose a hidden world of housing precarity with residential boaters' living in the shadows of these leisure‐designed spaces, resulting in no stability, security or statutory rights. For boaters out on the waterways, precarity continued, albeit with different manifestations. Powerful local actors mobilise narratives that disembed boaters from the waterways through the absence and poor maintenance of essential facilities alongside the loss of legal, safe mooring sites. Precarity emerges as not something restricted to ‘vulnerable groups’ but an ever present ontological condition. As such it is critical to understand how individuals and communities are responding to their implicit vulnerability, and the opportunities and challenges that mobility offers to the development and practice of this agency.
Cytologic features of canine melanotroph and corticotroph pituitary adenomas
Authors: Furtado Adriana P. , DeCourcey Michelle , Miller Margaret A. , Chen Annie V. , Martin Linda G. , Guess Sarah C. , Wardrop K. Jane , de Souza Cleverson , Owen Tina J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe introduction of intraoperative cytology revolutionized neurosurgical procedures in human medicine, providing real‐time diagnostic guidance to surgeons and contributing to improved patient outcomes. In the realm of veterinary medicine, the understanding of pituitary tumors in dogs and cats remains limited due to challenges in obtaining antemortem samples of central nervous system lesions.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the cytologic features of pituitary adenomas in 12 dogs that underwent hypophysectomy.MethodsThe series included nine melanotroph adenomas and three corticotroph adenomas. Definitive diagnosis was based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry.ResultsCytologically, the adenomas had high numbers of bare nuclei and intact cells that were round to polygonal and situated individually or in small clusters. The intact cells had round to oval, eccentric nuclei with finely stippled chromatin and one to three prominent nucleoli and ample to abundant lightly basophilic to amphophilic, grainy cytoplasm with distinct borders, and variable numbers of discrete vacuoles. Mild‐to‐moderate anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, occasional binucleation, rare and atypical mitotic figures, and nuclear molding were also observed.ConclusionsThe results suggest that intraoperative cytology of canine pituitary adenomas holds promise as a valuable diagnostic tool, aiding swift differentiation from other sellar masses before histologic confirmation. Cytologic characterization of pituitary adenomas in dogs is exceptionally rare in the scientific literature, making this study one of the first to offer a comprehensive description of these cytologic features.
Association of leukergy (in vitro leukocyte aggregation) with systemic inflammation in dogs and cats (2017–2022)
Authors: Nolen‐Walston Rose D. , Stefanoski Darko , Conrado Francisco O. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundLeukergy is the phenomenon of aggregation of leukocytes on a peripheral blood film, and in humans, it is used as an indicator of systemic inflammation and infection.ObjectivesTo assess the association of leukergy on blood film examination with biochemical and clinical evidence of systemic inflammation, infection, neoplasia, or specific organ system disease.MethodsA case–control study using retrospective analysis (2017–2022) identified all canine and feline patients that had been presented to an academic referral center with a finding of leukergy on peripheral blood film and an equal number of species‐matched controls.ResultsA total of 127 cases (canine n = 44, feline n = 83) were identified, as well as 127 controls. Feline samples were 7.6× more likely to exhibit leukergy (0.019%) than canine (0.0025%). A positive association was noted between leukergy and higher globulin concentrations in dogs (marginal difference 0.5 mg/dL, P = .016) and cats (marginal difference 0.67 mg/dL, P = <.001). Cats with leukergy had higher WBC counts and were less likely to be diagnosed with cardiac or urinary tract disease than controls. Dogs with leukergy had lower WBC counts and were more likely to be febrile but were less likely to have urinary tract disease than controls. No association was found with neutrophil toxic change or band forms, systemic antimicrobial therapy, or signalment.ConclusionsWe conclude that there is a positive association between increased globulin concentrations and leukergy and inconsistent associations between leukergy and other markers of inflammation or infection. Leukergy is rare overall but markedly more common in cats than dogs.
Neutrophil depletion attenuates acute renal injury after exhaustive exercise in mice
Authors: Mizokami Tsubasa , Shimada Michiko , Suzuki Katsuhiko 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProlonged intense exercise induces acute renal injury; however, the precise mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the effects of neutrophil depletion in male C57BL/6J mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: sedentary with control antibody; sedentary with antineutrophil antibody; exhaustive exercise with control antibody; and exhaustive exercise with antineutrophil antibody. Antineutrophil (1A8) or control antibody was administered i.p. to the mice before they ran on a treadmill. Plasma levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. Renal histology was assessed 24 h after exhaustive exercise, and the concentration of kidney injury molecule (KIM)‐1 was measured using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured using qRT‐PCR. Furthermore, NADPH oxidase activity and the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the kidney were measured. Immediately after exhaustive exercise, plasma BUN was significantly increased, but creatinine was not. The increase in BUN after exercise was suppressed by 1A8 treatment. The pathological changes manifested as congested and swollen glomeruli and nuclear infiltration after exhaustive exercise. These changes were suppressed by treatment with the 1A8 antibodies. The KIM‐1 concentration increased after exhaustive exercise but was reduced by the 1A8 antibodies. Treatment with the 1A8 antibody also decreased exhaustive exercise‐induced inflammation and reactive oxygen species levels in the kidney. These results suggest that neutrophils contribute to exercise‐induced acute renal injury by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress.
Co-evolution of gene transfer agents and their alphaproteobacterial hosts
Authors: Kogay Roman , Zhaxybayeva Olga 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Gene transfer agents (GTAs) are enigmatic elements that resemble small viruses and are known to be produced during nutritional stress by some bacteria and archaea. The production of GTAs is regulated by quorum sensing, under which a small fraction of the population acts as GTA producers, while the rest becomes GTA recipients. In contrast to canonical viruses, GTAs cannot propagate themselves because they package pieces of the producing cell’s genome. In alphaproteobacteria, GTAs are mostly vertically inherited and reside in their hosts’ genomes for hundreds of millions of years. While GTAs’ ability to transfer genetic material within a population and their long-term preservation suggest an increased fitness of GTA-producing microbes, the associated benefits and type of selection that maintains GTAs are poorly understood. By comparing rates of evolutionary change in GTA genes to the rates in gene families abundantly present across 293 alphaproteobacterial genomes, we detected 59 gene families that likely co-evolve with GTA genes. These gene families are predominantly involved in stress response, DNA repair, and biofilm formation. We hypothesize that biofilm formation enables the physical proximity of GTA-producing cells, limiting GTA-derived benefits only to a group of closely related cells. We further conjecture that the population structure of biofilm-forming sub-populations ensures that the trait of GTA production is maintained despite the inevitable rise of “cheating” genotypes. Because release of GTA particles kills the producing cell, maintenance of GTAs is an exciting example of social evolution in a microbial population.

IMPORTANCE
Gene transfer agents (GTAs) are viruses domesticated by some archaea and bacteria as vehicles for carrying pieces of the host genome. Produced under certain environmental conditions, GTA particles can deliver DNA to neighboring, closely related cells. The function of GTAs remains uncertain. While making GTAs is suicidal for a cell, GTA-encoding genes are widespread in genomes of alphaproteobacteria. Such GTA persistence implies functional benefits but raises questions about how selection maintains this lethal trait. By showing that GTA genes co-evolve with genes involved in stress response, DNA repair, and biofilm formation, we provide support for the hypothesis that GTAs facilitate DNA exchange during the stress conditions and present a model for how GTAs persist in biofilm-forming bacterial populations despite being lethal.
Deep learning model for extensive smartphone-based diagnosis and triage of cataracts and multiple corneal diseases
Authors: Ueno Yuta , Oda Masahiro , Yamaguchi Takefumi , Fukuoka Hideki , Nejima Ryohei , Kitaguchi Yoshiyuki , Miyake Masahiro , Akiyama Masato , Miyata Kazunori , Kashiwagi Kenji , Maeda Naoyuki , Shimazaki Jun , Noma Hisashi , Mori Kensaku , Oshika Tetsuro 
Published: January 2024

AimTo develop an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that diagnoses cataracts/corneal diseases from multiple conditions using smartphone images.MethodsThis study included 6442 images that were captured using a slit-lamp microscope (6106 images) and smartphone (336 images). An AI algorithm was developed based on slit-lamp images to differentiate 36 major diseases (cataracts and corneal diseases) into 9 categories. To validate the AI model, smartphone images were used for the testing dataset. We evaluated AI performance that included sensitivity, specificity and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the diagnosis and triage of the diseases.ResultsThe AI algorithm achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.998 (95% CI, 0.992 to 0.999) for normal eyes, 0.986 (95% CI, 0.978 to 0.997) for infectious keratitis, 0.960 (95% CI, 0.925 to 0.994) for immunological keratitis, 0.987 (95% CI, 0.978 to 0.996) for cornea scars, 0.997 (95% CI, 0.992 to 1.000) for ocular surface tumours, 0.993 (95% CI, 0.984 to 1.000) for corneal deposits, 1.000 (95% CI, 1.000 to 1.000) for acute angle-closure glaucoma, 0.992 (95% CI, 0.985 to 0.999) for cataracts and 0.993 (95% CI, 0.985 to 1.000) for bullous keratopathy. The triage of referral suggestion using the smartphone images exhibited high performance, in which the sensitivity and specificity were 1.00 (95% CI, 0.478 to 1.00) and 1.00 (95% CI, 0.976 to 1.000) for ‘urgent’, 0.867 (95% CI, 0.683 to 0.962) and 1.00 (95% CI, 0.971 to 1.000) for ‘semi-urgent’, 0.853 (95% CI, 0.689 to 0.950) and 0.983 (95% CI, 0.942 to 0.998) for ‘routine’ and 1.00 (95% CI, 0.958 to 1.00) and 0.896 (95% CI, 0.797 to 0.957) for ‘observation’, respectively.ConclusionsThe AI system achieved promising performance in the diagnosis of cataracts and corneal diseases.
Prognostic value of right ventricular dyssynchrony in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Papa Andrea , Nussbaumer Clement , Goulouti Eleni , Schwitz Fabienne , Wustmann Kerstin , Tobler Daniel , Greutmann Matthias , Schwerzmann Markus 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveResidual sequelae after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) affect clinical outcome. We investigated the prognostic impact of right ventricular (RV) dyssynchrony in adults with rTOF years after the surgical repair.MethodsPatients from the Swiss Adult Congenital HEart disease Registry were included. NT-proBNP levels, echocardiography, exercise testing and MRI data were collected. An offline strain analysis to quantify RV-ventricular and interventricular dyssynchrony was performed. The standard deviation of the time-to-peak shortening (TTP) of six RV segments defined the RV Dyssynchrony Index (RVDI). Maximal difference of TTP between RV and left ventricular segments defined the interventricular shortening delay (IVSD). Predictors of a composite adverse event (arrhythmias, hospitalisation for heart failure and death) were identified by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Their median values were used to create a risk score.ResultsOut of 285 included patients (mean age 34±14 years), 33 patients (12%) experienced an adverse event during a mean follow-up of 48±21 months. No correlation was found between RVDI, IVSD and clinical events. NT-proBNP, right atrial area and peak heart rate were independent predictors of outcomes. After 4 years-follow-up, no adverse events occurred in patients at low risk (score=0 points), while an adverse event occurred in 62% of patients at high risk (score=3 points, p<0.001).ConclusionIn our cohort of adults with rTOF, surrogates of RV dyssynchrony did not correlate with outcomes. A multimodality approach was effective in predicting the risk for adverse events.