bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal origin of nestedness in interaction networks
Authors: Staniczenko Phillip P A , Panja Debabrata 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nestedness is a common property of communication, finance, trade, and ecological networks. In networks with high levels of nestedness, the link positions of low-degree nodes (those with few links) form nested subsets of the link positions of high-degree nodes (those with many links), leading to matrix representations with characteristic upper triangular or staircase patterns. Recent theoretical work has connected nestedness to the functionality of complex systems and has suggested that it is a structural by-product of the skewed degree distributions often seen in empirical data. However, mechanisms for generating nestedness remain poorly understood, limiting the connections that can be made between system processes and observed network structures. Here, we show that a simple probabilistic model based on phenology—the timing of copresences among interaction partners—can produce nested structures and correctly predict around two-thirds of interactions in two fish market networks and around one-third of interactions in 22 plant–pollinator networks. Notably, the links most readily explained by frequent actor copresences appear to form a backbone of nested interactions, with the remaining interactions attributable to opportunistic interactions or preferences for particular interaction partners that are not routinely available.
Police engagement with rural communities on Facebook
Authors: Bullock Karen , Harkness Alistair , Mellberg Jacques , Christmas Hilary 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Police organizations in Western liberal democracies are under increasing pressure to generate effective means of engaging with the communities that they serve. Established as a contemporary means of communication engagement, many police organizations have turned to social media to interact with citizens. A growing body of work examines the nature of public engagement with police social media. However, it tends not to differentiate by the features of place. This article starts to fill this gap by examining the effectiveness of the police use of Facebook as an engagement tool with rural communities, reporting on research conducted in the United Kingdom and in Australia. The aim here is to identify what type of content rural police Facebook pages are posting and whether certain post types and post-characteristics are associated with higher levels of engagement. We argue that certain characteristics of Facebook posts assist in gaining ‘cut through’ and thus effective engagement with rural communities. Implications for community engagement are discussed.
Implementation of Physical Therapist Services for Men Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy: An Administrative Case Report
Authors: Wolden Mitchell , Brown Scott , Carlsson Sigrid V , Noah Thomas A , Mungovan Sean F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men in the USA, and radical prostatectomy (RP) is the primary surgical treatment option. With an increasing number of men undergoing RP and surviving prostate cancer, clinical management strategies have broadened to improve the preoperative and postoperative patient experience and minimize treatment-related functional consequences. Urinary incontinence is a predictable functional consequence of RP. Recent reviews recommend preoperative and postoperative physical therapist services as the standard of care for men undergoing RP to decrease the severity of urinary incontinence and improve patients’ quality of life. Despite compelling evidence, the routine provision of physical therapist services preoperatively and postoperatively for men undergoing RP is limited. The purpose of this case report is to describe the implementation of preoperative and postoperative physical therapist services for men undergoing RP in a US health care system using the knowledge-to-action process and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research frameworks.

Case Description
The implementation process included 4 steps: (1) development of a preoperative and postoperative physical therapist services program; (2) identification of barriers and enablers for implementation; (3) implementation of the program; and (4) evaluation of the effectiveness of the implemented program.

Results
Outcomes from the implementation of a physical therapist services program for men undergoing RP included lower urinary incontinence rates, improved patient satisfaction, and increased physical therapist utilization.

Conclusion
This case report documents the implementation of physical therapist services for men undergoing RP. The use of implementation frameworks enabled the identification of unique enablers, barriers, and strategies for the implementation of physical therapist services for men undergoing RP.

Impact
Implementing preoperative and postoperative physical therapist services for men undergoing RP improves patient outcomes. The implementation process and outcomes can be considered by other health care systems when developing preoperative and postoperative physical therapist services for men undergoing RP.
Sol–gel derived B2O3–CaO borate bioactive glasses with hemostatic, antibacterial and pro-angiogenic activities
Authors: Zheng Kai , Bider Faina , Monavari Mahshid , Xu Zhiyan , Janko Christina , Alexiou Christoph , Beltrán Ana M , Boccaccini Aldo R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sol–gel borate bioactive glasses (BGs) are promising ion-releasing biomaterials for wound healing applications. Here, we report the synthesis of a series of binary B2O3–CaO borate BGs (CaO ranging from 50 to 90 mol%) using a sol–gel-based method. The influence of CaO content in B2O3–CaO borate BG on morphology, structure and ion release behavior was investigated in detail. Reduced dissolution (ion release) and crystallization could be observed in borate BGs when CaO content increased, while the morphology was not significantly altered by increasing CaO content. Our results evidenced that the ion release behavior of borate BGs could be tailored by tuning the B2O3/CaO molar ratio. We also evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity, hemostatic, antibacterial and angiogenic activities of borate BGs. Cytocompatibility was validated for all borate BGs. However, borate BGs exhibited composition-dependent hemostatic, antibacterial and angiogenic activities. Generally, higher contents of Ca in borate BGs facilitated hemostatic activity, while higher contents of B2O3 were beneficial for pro-angiogenic activity. The synthesized sol–gel-derived borate BGs are promising materials for developing advanced wound healing dressings, given their fast ion release behavior and favorable hemostatic, antibacterial and angiogenic activities.
Multimorbidity in systemic lupus erythematosus in a population-based cohort: the Lupus Midwest Network
Authors: Figueroa-Parra Gabriel , Meade-Aguilar Jose A , Hulshizer Cassondra A , Gunderson Tina M , Chamberlain Alanna M , Thanarajasingam Uma , Greenlund Kurt J , Barbour Kamil E , Crowson Cynthia S , Duarte-García Alí 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and incidence of multimorbidity and its association with the SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI) among patients with SLE.

Methods
Using prevalent and incident population–based cohorts of patients with SLE and their matched comparators, we assessed 57 chronic conditions. Chronic conditions were categorized as SDI-related or SDI-unrelated. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more chronic conditions. The prevalence of multimorbidity for both cohorts was compared using logistic regression. Cox models were used to examine the development of multimorbidity after SLE incidence.

Results
The prevalent cohort included 449 patients with established SLE on 1 January 2015. They were three times more likely to have multimorbidity compared with non-SLE comparators [odds ratio (OR) 2.98, 95% CI 2.18–4.11]. The incident cohort included 270 patients with new-onset SLE. At SLE incidence, patients with SLE were more likely to have multimorbidity than comparators (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.59–3.27). After incidence, the risk of developing multimorbidity was 2-fold higher among patients with SLE than among comparators [hazard ratio (HR) 2.11, 95% CI 1.59–2.80]. The development of multimorbidity was higher in patients with SLE based on SDI-related conditions (HR 2.91, 95% CI 2.17–3.88) than on SDI-unrelated conditions (HR 1.73, 95% CI, 1.32–2.26).

Conclusion
Patients with SLE had a higher burden of multimorbidity, even before the onset of the disease. The risk disparity continued after SLE classification and was also seen in a prevalent SLE cohort. Multimorbidity was driven both by SDI-related and unrelated conditions.
Twin-screw melt granulation for high-dose paracetamol tablets
Authors: Ross Steven A , Mithu Md Sadeque , Douroumis Dennis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
In this study twin-screw melt granulation (TSMG) was used to produce sustained release formulations and improve the poor compressibility of paracetamol (PMOL).

Methods
By using various amounts of polyethylene glycol (PEG), a low melting point binder and ethyl cellulose (EC) as insoluble carrier, the formation of high content of PMOL granules occurred at low processing temperatures (55°C).

Key findings
X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed the presence of partially crystalline PMOL in the extruded granules. Compressed caplet tablets comprising of TSMG granules presented sustained release profiles for 3-4 h depending on the EC concentration. The tablets showed excellent tabletability and low compaction forces were applied.

Conclusions
TSMG can be used for the processing of drugs with poor compressibility actives for the compression of high-dose tablets.
Sleep features and long-term incident neurodegeneration: a polysomnographic study
Authors: Ibrahim Abubaker , Cesari Matteo , Heidbreder Anna , Defrancesco Michaela , Brandauer Elisabeth , Seppi Klaus , Kiechl Stefan , Högl Birgit , Stefani Ambra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Sleep is altered early in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) and may contribute to neurodegeneration. Long-term, large sample-size studies assessing NDDs association with objective sleep measures are scant. We aimed to investigate whether video-polysomnography (v-PSG)-based sleep features are associated with long-term NDDs incidence.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of patients referred 2004–2007 to the Sleep Disorders Unit, Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria. All patients ≥ 18 years undergoing v-PSG and without NDDs at baseline or within 5 years were included. Main outcome was NDDs diagnosis ≥5 years after v-PSG.

Results
Of 1454 patients assessed for eligibility, 999 (68.7%) met inclusion criteria (68.3% men; median age 54.9 (IQR 33.9–62.7) years). Seventy-five patients (7.5%) developed NDDs and 924 (92.5%) remained disease-free after a median of 12.8 (IQR 9.9–14.6) years. After adjusting for demographic, sleep, and clinical covariates, a one-percentage decrease in sleep efficiency, N3-, or rapid-eye-movement (REM)-sleep was associated with 1.9%, 6.5%, or 5.2% increased risk of incident NDDs (HR 1.019, 1.065, and 1.052). One-percentage decrease in wake within sleep period time represented a 2.2% reduced risk of incident NDDs (HR 0.978). Random-forest analysis identified wake, followed by N3 and REM-sleep percentages, as the most important feature associated with NDDs diagnosis. Additionally, multiple sleep features combination improved discrimination of incident NDDs compared to individual sleep stages (concordance-index 0.72).

Conclusions
These findings support contribution of sleep changes to NDDs pathogenesis and provide insights into the temporal window during which these differences are detectable, pointing to sleep as early NDDs marker and potential target of neuroprotective strategies.
Cell Therapy Improves Quality-of-Life in Heart Failure: Outcomes From a Phase III Clinical Trial
Authors: Yamada Satsuki , Bartunek Jozef , Povsic Thomas J , Cotter Gad , Davison Beth A , Edwards Christopher , Behfar Atta , Metra Marco , Filippatos Gerasimos S , Vanderheyden Marc , Wijns William , Terzic Andre 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Patients with heart failure experience limitations in daily activity and poor quality-of-life. Prospective surveillance of health-related quality-of-life supplemented traditional death and hospitalization outcomes in the multinational, randomized, double-blinded CHART-1 clinical trial that assessed cardiopoiesis-guided cell therapy in ischemic heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), a Food and Drug Administration qualified instrument for evaluating therapeutic effectiveness, was applied through the 1-year follow-up. Cell treated (n = 109) and sham procedure (n = 140) cohorts reported improved MLHFQ scores comparable between the 2 study arms (mean treatment difference with baseline adjustment −3.2 points, P = .107). Superiority of cell treatment over sham in betterment of the MLHFQ score was demonstrated in patients with pre-existing advanced left ventricular enlargement (baseline-adjusted mean treatment difference −6.4 points, P = .009). In this highly responsive subpopulation, benefit on the MLHFQ score paralleled reduction in death and hospitalization post-cell therapy (adjusted Mann-Whitney odds 1.43, 95% CI, 1.01-2.01; P = .039). The potential of cell therapy in addressing the quality-of-life dimension of heart failure requires further evaluation for disease relief.
Kangaroo mother care utilization at stepdown ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital: a quality improvement study
Authors: Patel Dipen V , Sameer K , Pujara Reshma K , Nimbalkar Somashekhar M , Patel Paresha Y , Makwana Jayshreeben B , Patel Smita N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
India has the highest burden of preterm/low birth weight newborns. To tackle this, Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) needs to be scaled up. We did a quality improvement (QI) study to increase KMC coverage to 80% and its utilization to at least 4 h/infant/day.

Methods
This study was conducted at a stepdown ward (KMC ward) of a tertiary care teaching institute over a period of four months. All babies with birth weight &lt;2.5 kg were eligible. The QI team included faculty in-charge, one senior resident and three senior staff nurses. Potential barriers were listed using fish-bone analysis. Four possible interventions were identified (daily documentation of total KMC hours by doctor, providing KMC during all the nursing duty shifts, counseling and education to mothers and family members), introduced, and then subsequently tested by four Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles and sustenance was assessed over three months.

Results
A total of 93 infants were included in this QI study. During baseline phase, the KMC coverage was 50% which increased to 100% by the end of fourth PDSA cycle and remained 100% during the sustenance phase. During baseline period, KMC was given for ≥ 4 h in 18.8% (28 of 149) patient days which increased to 88.96% (137 of 154) during the sustenance phase. The mean KMC utilization increased from 1.97 (1.57) h/infant/day to 5.65 (1.20) h/infant/day in the sustenance phase.

Conclusion
QI study incorporating PDSA cycles helped improve coverage and utilization of KMC.
Mitochondrial phylogenomics of bumblebees, Bombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae): a tale of structural variation, shifts in selection constraints, and tree discordance
Authors: Gonçalves Leonardo Tresoldi , Françoso Elaine , Deprá Maríndia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of bumblebees (Bombus) has been widely used for phylogenetic studies, but its evolution is still underexplored. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of 60 bumblebee mitogenomes, including 40 newly assembled ones, to investigate bumblebee mtDNA structure, composition, and informativeness under a phylogenetic framework. Our mtDNA dataset supports the monophyly of Bombus and its subgenera, although we found a high degree of tree discordance in deeper nodes when using different inference methods or matrix composition. Concerning mitogenome structure, our results show that tRNA genes were often rearranged, with unique rearrangements indicating shared ancestry across bumblebee subgenera, illustrating their potential for subgeneric classification. Our results also challenge the notion that faster evolving mtDNA exhibits higher gene rearrangement rates. Finally, we explicitly assessed shifts in selection constraints of mtDNA genes in obligate social parasites of subgenus Psithyrus and found that their mtDNA evolved under relaxed selective constraints. Our findings show the utility of mtDNA in providing insights into bumblebee phylogenetics, evolution, and genome trait diversification. We also highlight the potential for comparative mitogenomics to uncover previously unknown aspects of bumblebee evolution, offering exciting opportunities for future research in this field.
Higher matrix stiffness promotes VSMC senescence by affecting mitochondria–ER contact sites and mitochondria/ER dysfunction
Authors: He Haipeng , Zeng Baozhu , Wu Xinxiang , Hou Jianfeng , Wang Yannan , Wang Yanheng , Lin Yuqing , Wu Peng , Zheng Changyu , Yin Henghui , Wang Nan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a prevalent condition characterized by the weakening and bulging of the abdominal aorta. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a stiff matrix on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in AAA development. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in VSMCs of an AAA mouse model were enriched in cellular senescence and related pathways. To simulate aging‐related changes, VSMCs were cultured on stiff matrices, and compared to those on soft matrices, the VSMCs cultured on stiff matrices exhibited cellular senescence. Furthermore, the mutual distance between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in VSMCs was increased, indicating altered mitochondria–endoplasmic reticulum contacts (MERCs). The observed upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, antioxidant gene expression, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential suggested the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction in VSMCs cultured on a stiff matrix. Additionally, the induction of ER stress‐related genes indicated ER dysfunction. These findings collectively indicated impaired functionality of both mitochondria and ER in VSMCs cultured on a stiff matrix. Moreover, our data revealed that high lipid levels exacerbated the effects of high matrix stiffness on VSMCs senescence, MERC sites, and mitochondria/ER dysfunction. Importantly, treatment with the antilipemic agent CI‐981 effectively reversed these detrimental effects. These findings provide insights into the role of matrix stiffness, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, and lipid metabolism in AAA development, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for intervention.
Prodromal Parkinson's disease and the catecholaldehyde hypothesis: Insight from olfactory bulb organotypic cultures
Authors: Bagnoli Enrico , Trotier Alexandre , McMahon Jill , Quinlan Leo R. , Biggs Manus , Pandit Abhay , FitzGerald Una 
Published: November 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder with an increasing incidence, unknown etiology, and is currently incurable. Advances in understanding the pathological mechanisms at a molecular level have been slow, with little attention focused on the early prodromal phase of the disease. Consequently, the development of early‐acting disease‐modifying therapies has been hindered. The olfactory bulb (OB), the brain region responsible for initial processing of olfactory information, is particularly affected early in PD at both functional and molecular levels but there is little information on how the cells in this region are affected by disease. Organotypic and primary OB cultures were developed and characterized. These platforms were then used to assess the effects of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetylaldehyde (DOPAL), a metabolite of dopamine present in increased levels in post‐mortem PD tissue and which is thought to contribute to PD pathogenesis. Our findings showed that DOPAL exposure can recapitulate many aspects of PD pathology. Oxidative stress, depolarization of mitochondrial membranes, and neurodegeneration were all induced by DOPAL addition, as were measured transcriptomic changes consistent with those reported in PD clinical studies. These olfactory models of prodromal disease lend credence to the catecholaldehyde hypothesis of PD and provide insight into the mechanisms by which the OB may be involved in disease progression.
Lipid raft interacting galectin 8 regulates primary ciliogenesis
Authors: Syu Jhan‐Jhang , Chang Chieh‐Hsiang , Chang Pei‐Yu , Liu Chia‐Hsiung , Yu Chia‐Jung , Jou Tzuu‐Shuh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPrimary cilium is a specialized sensory organelle that transmits environmental information into cells. Its length is tightly controlled by various mechanisms such as the frequency or the cargo size of the intraflagellar transport trains which deliver the building materials such as tubulin subunits essential for the growing cilia. Here, we show the sialoglycan interacting galectin 8 regulates the process of primary ciliogenesis. As the epithelia become polarized, there are more galectin 8 being apically secreted and these extracellular galectin 8 molecules apparently bind to a lipid raft enriched domain at the base of the primary cilia through interacting with lipid raft components, such as GD3 ganglioside and scaffold protein caveolin 1. Furthermore, the binding of galectin 8 at this critical region triggers rapid growth of primary cilia by perturbing the barrier function of the transition zone (TZ). Our study also demonstrates the functionality of this barrier depends on intact organization of lipid rafts at the cilia as genetically knockout of Cav1 and pharmacologically inhibition of lipid raft both phenocopy the effect of apical addition of recombinant galectin 8; that is, rapid elongation of primary cilia and redistribution of cilia proteins from TZ to the growing axoneme. Indeed, as cilia elongated, endogenous galectin 8, caveolin 1, and TZ component, TMEM231, also transited from the TZ to the growing axoneme. We also noted that the interaction between caveolin 1 and TMEM231 could be perturbed by exogenous galectin 8. Taken together, we proposed that galectin 8 promoted primary cilia elongation through impeding the barrier function of the TZ by interfering with the interaction between caveolin 1 and TMEM231.