bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The recovery of the microbial community after plaque removal depends on periodontal health status
Authors: Li Xiaoqing , Yu Cheng , Zhang Bing , Shan Xiaogang , Mao Wenjun , Zhang Zicheng , Wang Chunyan , Jin Xiaoxia , Wang Jinfeng , Zhao Hui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlaque accumulation and microbial community changes are important causes of periodontal disease. Cleaned plaque microorganisms will reattach to form biofilms, but the recovery and outcome of plaque microbial communities in different periodontal health states remain unknown. In this study, we tracked the biofilm remodeling process in 206 dental plaque samples from 40 healthy periodontal, gingivitis and periodontitis volunteers at 6 time points before and after supragingival scaling. We found that microbial communities of different periodontal states changed asynchronously during the process, and the more severe the periodontal disease condition, the more lagged the recovery of plaque microorganisms to their original state after cleaning; this reflected a higher degree of plaque development in periodontitis samples. The plaque index and bleeding index were significantly correlated with plaque recovery, especially the recovery of bacteria such asAbiotrophiaandCapnocytophaga. Meanwhile, we found that the microbial community structure of different periodontal health states was most similar at the Day 3 after plaque cleaning, and the communities gradually differentiated and developed in different directions.Abiotrophiaand other bacteria might play an important role in determining the development trend of plaque biofilms. The discovery of specific time points and bacteria was of great value in clarifying the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and in seeking targets for prevention and treatment.
Mitochondrial dysfunction promotes microbial composition that negatively impacts on ulcerative colitis development and progression
Authors: Peña-Cearra Ainize , Song Deguang , Castelo Janire , Palacios Ainhoa , Lavín Jose Luis , Azkargorta Mikel , Elortza Felix , Fuertes Miguel , Pascual-Itoiz Miguel Angel , Barriales Diego , Martín-Ruiz Itziar , Fullaondo Asier , Aransay Ana M. , Rodríguez Hector , Palm Noah W. , Anguita Juan , Abecia Leticia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent evidence demonstrates potential links between mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In addition, bidirectional interactions between the intestinal microbiota and host mitochondria may modulate intestinal inflammation. We observed previously that mice deficient in the mitochondrial protein MCJ (Methylation-controlled J protein) exhibit increased susceptibility to DSS colitis. However, it is unclear whether this phenotype is primarily driven by MCJ−/− associated gut microbiota dysbiosis or by direct effects of MCJ-deficiency. Here, we demonstrate that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from MCJ-deficient into germ-free mice was sufficient to confer increased susceptibility to colitis. Therefore, an FMT experiment by cohousing was designed to alter MCJ-deficient microbiota. The phenotype resulting from complex I deficiency was reverted by FMT. In addition, we determined the protein expression pathways impacted by MCJ deficiency, providing insight into the pathophysiology of IBD. Further, we used magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize taxa-specific coating of the intestinal microbiota with Immunoglobulin A (IgA-SEQ) in MCJ-deficient mice. We show that high IgA coating of fecal bacteria observed in MCJ-deficient mice play a potential role in disease progression. This study allowed us to identify potential microbial signatures in feces associated with complex I deficiency and disease progression. This research highlights the importance of finding microbial biomarkers, which might serve as predictors, permitting the stratification of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients into distinct clinical entities of the UC spectrum.
Accelerating GW calculations through machine-learned dielectric matrices
Authors: Zauchner Mario G. , Horsfield Andrew , Lischner Johannes 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe GW approach produces highly accurate quasiparticle energies, but its application to large systems is computationally challenging due to the difficulty in computing the inverse dielectric matrix. To address this challenge, we develop a machine learning approach to efficiently predict density–density response functions (DDRF) in materials. An atomic decomposition of the DDRF is introduced, as well as the neighborhood density–matrix descriptor, both of which transform in the same way under rotations. The resulting DDRFs are then used to evaluate quasiparticle energies via the GW approach. To assess the accuracy of this method, we apply it to hydrogenated silicon clusters and find that it reliably reproduces HOMO–LUMO gaps and quasiparticle energy levels. The accuracy of the predictions deteriorates when the approach is applied to larger clusters than those in the training set. These advances pave the way for GW calculations of complex systems, such as disordered materials, liquids, interfaces, and nanoparticles.
Scalable and eco-friendly flexible loudspeakers for distributed human-machine interactions
Authors: Pi Yucong , Liu Qiutong , Li Zhaoyang , Zhao Dazhe , Zhang Kaijun , Liu Zhirui , Zhou Bingpu , Lei Iek Man , Ma Yuan , Zhong Junwen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFlexible loudspeakers that can be easily distributed in the surrounding environment are essential for creating immersive experiences in human-machine interactions, as these devices can transmit acoustic information conveniently. In this paper, we present a flexible electret loudspeaker that offers numerous benefits, such as eco-friendly, easy fabrication, flexible customization, strong durability, and excellent outputs. The output sound pressure level (SPL) and frequency response characteristic are optimized according to the simulation and experiment results. At a distance of 50 meters, a large-size loudspeaker (50 × 40 cm2) can produce an average SPL of 60 dB (normal SPL range of human voices is between 40 to 70 dB). The frequency response of our loudspeaker is high and relatively consistent up to 15 kHz, which covers the normal frequency range of human voices (<8 kHz). As demonstrated in this work, our loudspeakers can be used for scalable applications, such as being integrated with curtains or hung up like posters, offering a promising and practical solution for creating better human-machine interaction experiences.
Ethnicity- and sex-specific genome wide association study on Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Park Kye Won , Ryu Ho-Sung , Shin Eunsoon , Park YoonGi , Jeon Sang Ryong , Kim Seong Yoon , Kim Jae Seung , Koh Seong-Beom , Chung Sun Ju 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMost previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on Parkinson’s disease (PD) focus on the European population. There are several sex-specific clinical differences in PD, but little is known about its genetic background. We aimed to perform an ethnicity-specific and sex-specific GWAS on PD in the Korean population. A total of 1050 PD patients and 5000 controls were included. For primary analysis, we performed a GWAS using a logistic additive model adjusted for age and sex. The same statistical models were applied to sex-specific analyses. Genotyping was performed using a customized microarray chip optimized for the Korean population. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including four in the SNCA locus and three from the PARK16 locus were associated with PD in Koreans. The rs34778348 in the LRRK2 locus showed a strong association, though failed to pass cluster quality control. There were no notable genome-wide significant markers near the MAPT or GBA1 loci. In the female-only analysis, rs34778348 in LRRK2 and the four other SNPs in the SNCA showed a strong association with PD. In the male-only analysis, no SNP surpassed the genome-wide significance threshold under Bonferroni correction; however, the most significant signal was rs708726 in the PARK16 locus. This ethnicity- and sex-specific GWAS on PD implicate the pan-ethnic effect of SNCA, the universal but East-Asian inclined effect of PARK16, the East Asian-specific role of LRRK2 G2385R variants, and the possible disproportionate effect of SNCA and PARK16 between sexes for PD susceptibility. These findings suggest the different genetic contributions to sporadic PD in terms of ethnicity and sex.
Identification of motor progression in Parkinson’s disease using wearable sensors and machine learning
Authors: Sotirakis Charalampos , Su Zi , Brzezicki Maksymilian A. , Conway Niall , Tarassenko Lionel , FitzGerald James J. , Antoniades Chrystalina A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWearable devices offer the potential to track motor symptoms in neurological disorders. Kinematic data used together with machine learning algorithms can accurately identify people living with movement disorders and the severity of their motor symptoms. In this study we aimed to establish whether a combination of wearable sensor data and machine learning algorithms with automatic feature selection can estimate the clinical rating scale and whether it is possible to monitor the motor symptom progression longitudinally, for people with Parkinson’s Disease. Seventy-four patients visited the lab seven times at 3-month intervals. Their walking (2-minutes) and postural sway (30-seconds,eyes-closed) were recorded using six Inertial Measurement Unit sensors. Simple linear regression and Random Forest algorithms were utilised together with different routines of automatic feature selection or factorisation, resulting in seven different machine learning algorithms to estimate the clinical rating scale (Movement Disorder Society- Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III; MDS-UPDRS-III). Twenty-nine features were found to significantly progress with time at group level. The Random Forest model revealed the most accurate estimation of the MDS-UPDRS-III among the seven models. The model estimations detected a statistically significant progression of the motor symptoms within 15 months when compared to the first visit, whereas the MDS-UPDRS-III did not capture any change. Wearable sensors and machine learning can track the motor symptom progression in people with PD better than the conventionally used clinical rating scales. The methods described in this study can be utilised complimentary to the clinical rating scales to improve the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy.
Lifetime of coexisting sub-10 nm zero-field skyrmions and antiskyrmions
Authors: Goerzen Moritz A. , von Malottki Stephan , Meyer Sebastian , Bessarab Pavel F. , Heinze Stefan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMagnetic skyrmions have raised high hopes for future spintronic devices. For many applications, it would be of great advantage to have more than one metastable particle-like texture available. The coexistence of skyrmions and antiskyrmions has been proposed in inversion-symmetric magnets with exchange frustration. However, so far only model systems have been studied and the lifetime of coexisting metastable topological spin structures has not been obtained. Here, we predict that skyrmions and antiskyrmions with diameters below 10 nm can coexist at zero magnetic field in a Rh/Co bilayer on the Ir(111) surface—an experimentally feasible system. We show that the lifetimes of metastable skyrmions and antiskyrmions in the ferromagnetic ground state are above one hour for temperatures up to 75 and 48 K, respectively. The entropic contribution to the nucleation and annihilation rates differs for skyrmions and antiskyrmions. This opens the route to the thermally activated creation of coexisting skyrmions and antiskyrmions in frustrated magnets with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction.
Using beat-to-beat heart signals for age-independent biometric verification
Authors: Davoodi Moran , Soker Adam , Behar Joachim A. , Yaniv Yael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUse of non-stationary physiological signals for biometric verification, reduces the ability to forge. Such signals should be simple to acquire with inexpensive equipment. The beat-to-beat information embedded within the time intervals between consecutive heart beats is a non-stationary physiological signal; its potential for biometric verification has not been studied. This work introduces a biometric verification method termed “CompaRR”. Heartbeat was extracted from longitudinal recordings from 30 mice ranging from 6 to 24 months of age (equivalent to ~ 20–75 human years). Fifty heartbeats, which is close to resting human heartbeats in a minute, were sufficient for the verification task, achieving a minimal equal error rate of 0.21. When trained on 6-month-old mice and tested on unseen mice up to 18-months of age (equivalent to ~ 50 human years), no significant change in the verification performance was noted. Finally, when the model was trained on data from drug-treated mice, verification was still possible.
Aging characteristics of drip irrigation belt in Xinjiang cotton fields and their effects on its recovery and recycling
Authors: Ran Junhui , Ren Yu , Guo Wensong , Hu Can , Wang Xufeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe old drip irrigation belts in Xinjiang cotton fields are prone to damage and have low recovering efficiency when being mechanically recovered, as well as poor mechanical performance and short service life of the old materials used in the production of various new products. Therefore, experiments were carried out from the macroscopic mechanical properties and microscopic chemical composition changes of the old drip irrigation belt to explore how the changes in its mechanical and chemical properties affect the recovery and recycling of the old drip irrigation belt. Mechanical properties of the old drip irrigation belts were tested by statics and dynamics test methods. The experiment results of indicators about mechanical properties showed that the tensile strength, elongation at break, natural rebound rate, impact strength and other mechanical parameters of the old drip irrigation belt samples were significantly lower than the corresponding values of the new ones. Which will affect the tensile capacity of the drip irrigation belt when it is recovered in the field. Furthermore, X-ray energy spectrum and infrared spectrum methods were used to analyse the chemical composition changes of the old drip irrigation belt. The determination results of X-ray energy spectrum showed that the oxygen content of the new drip irrigation belt samples was 1.73%, while that of old drip irrigation belt samples reached 12.15% ~ 15.27%. Then, the infrared spectrum experiment results showed that there were significantly more carbon groups in the old drip irrigation belt samples than that in the new ones. In addition, the correlation between the mechanical properties and oxidation degree of drip irrigation belt samples was analyzed, results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between them. This study results can provide basic data and theoretical guidance for the research and development of drip irrigation belt recovery equipment in Xinjiang cotton field, the research of rapid detection method of drip irrigation belt aging, the manufacture of anti-aging drip irrigation belt and the cyclic utilization of old materials.
Study on signal transmission mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal network against root rot of Salvia miltiorrhiza
Authors: Han Song , Na Li , Rongchao Zhang , Xiuqin Hu , Wenyu Zhang , Bo Zhang , Xinpeng Li , Zhen Wang , Jie Xin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo explore the signal transmission mechanism of the arbuscular mycorrhizal network against root rot of Salvia miltiorrhiza. In this experiment, the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal network was established among Salvia miltiorrhiza plants, and a two plant three-compartment culture model was established. The root of the donor Salvia miltiorrhiza was inoculated with the pathogenic fungi Fusarium solani. The changes of hormone signals such as jasmonic acid and salicylic acid and the expression of related defense genes in the recipient Salvia miltiorrhiza plants in different periods were measured, to study the underground disease resistance signal transmission mechanism among medicinal plants. Salvia miltiorrhiza can transmit the signal of resistance to root rot through the jasmonic acid pathway; When plants suffer from disease stress, the content of JA increases significantly, and the increase of JA content will inhibit the content of SA in plants; The gene expression of PR-10 gene in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza with arbuscular mycorrhizal network infected by pathogenic fungi was 17.56 times higher than that inoculated only with pathogenic fungi; Changes in hormone content will also cause changes in the expression of related defense genes, such as SnRK2 is inhibited by ABA in the signal transduction pathway, while JA and ABA show antagonistic changes after inoculation of pathogenic fungi in Salvia miltiorrhiza, so JA may positively regulate the expression of SnRK2 gene. Plants can transmit signals through AM hyphal network after being stressed by the pathogen Fusarium solani. In the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal network, JA has important significance for the signal transmission of resistance to root rot and disease resistance of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which can make Salvia miltiorrhiza ready for stress resistance and improve the stress resistance of Salvia miltiorrhiza. This experiment is of great significance to further analyze the signal transmission mechanism of the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal network.
ceRNA network-regulated COL1A2 high expression correlates with poor prognosis and immune infiltration in colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yuan Xia , He Yi , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCollagen type I α 2 (COL1A2) is a major component of collagen type I. Recently, abnormal COL1A2 expression has been reported in human cancers. However, the specific role and mechanism of COL1A2 in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remain unclear. We performed the pan-cancer analysis of COL1A2 expression in 33 types of human cancers from TIMER database and integrated data combined TCGA with GTEx. The prognostic values of COL1A2 for 17 cancer types of interest were estimated from GEPIA database. The results showed that COL1A2 was significantly upregulated in COAD tissues and that higher COL1A2 expression predicted unfavorable prognosis for patients with COAD. Next, COL1A2-related functional pathways in COAD were analyzed with TCGA data using R package. Additionally, we constructed a ceRNA network that LINC00638/hsa-miR-552-3p axis served as a potential regulatory pathway of COL1A2 in COAD. Furthermore, our findings showed that COL1A2 positively associated with immune infiltration and that tumor immune escape might be involved in COL1A2-mediated carcinogenesis in COAD. For the first time, we constructed a ceRNA prediction network of COL1A2 and explored the association of COL1A2 with tumor immune microenvironment remodeling. The findings may advance our understanding of the pathogenesis mechanism in COAD and paves the way for further cancer therapeutics.
Utilizing shallow seismic reflection for mitigating seismic and geo-environmental hazards in the development project of Gabal Ataqa Area, Cairo–Suez District, Egypt
Authors: Mohammad Hossameldin M. , Elhady Sherif M. , Kotb Adel , Ezzelarb Mohammad , Basheer Alhussein Adham 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNowadays, development projects are becoming so rapid in many developing countries worldwide. The study of interest focuses on Cairo–Suez District, which represents the most important location in Egypt for major infrastructure projects and urbanization expansion. Consequently, it is very important to reduce the hazards surrounding this area from natural disasters, so all information that supports geo-environmental hazards assessment is importantly needed. The Gabal Ataqa area has socioeconomic importance as it is considered the industrial zone in the national project for developing the northern part of the Gulf of Suez. The situation of Gabal Ataqa area for being rich with numerous geological structures, and its socioeconomic importance calls the need for the delineation of the subsurface structural features in this area using the appropriate method. The geological framework has recognized all Quaternary faults in the Gabal Ataqa area as they are exposed to the surface, at the same time, no seismic reflection data has been acquired in the Gabal Ataqa area. Accordingly, the shallow seismic reflection method is applied in the Gabal Ataqa area to detect the Quaternary faults that are not exposed to the surface and also to detect any subsurface features that may cause construction problems, such as water-wet sands, sabkhas, and limestone cavities. Three lines of 2D seismic profiles are acquired in the study area. After applying seismic data processing and interpretation, two Quaternary faults have been recognized in the first and third lines. The location of the first seismic line has been chosen to be between two historic earthquake events, increasing the probability that the sources causing these two events will be located on the newly recognized quaternary fault. A dim spot has been recognized in the second seismic line at a depth of 50 m, which may indicate the presence of a groundwater aquifer or wet sandstone layer. Based on these results, changing the industrial zone place to another side to be away from the area of the three seismic lines is highly recommended.
A synthetic coolant (WS-23) in disposable electronic cigarettes impairs cytoskeletal function in EpiAirway microtissues exposed at the air liquid interface
Authors: Wong Man , Martinez Teresa , Tran Mona , Zuvia Cori , Gadkari Alisa , Omaiye Esther E. , Luo Wentai , McWhirter Kevin J. , Sha Jihui , Kassem Ahmad , Wohlschlegel James , Talbot Prue 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe design of popular disposable electronic cigarettes (ECs) was analyzed, and the concentrations of WS-23, a synthetic coolant, in EC fluids were determined for 22 devices from 4 different brands. All products contained WS-23 in concentrations that ranged from 1.0 to 40.1 mg/mL (mean = 21.4 ± 9.2 mg/mL). To determine the effects of WS-23 on human bronchial epithelium in isolation of other chemicals, we exposed EpiAirway 3-D microtissues to WS-23 at the air liquid interface (ALI) using a cloud chamber that generated aerosols without heating. Proteomics analysis of exposed tissues revealed that the cytoskeleton was a major target of WS-23. BEAS-2B cells were exposed to WS-23 in submerged culture to validate the main results from proteomics. F-actin, which was visualized with phalloidin, decreased concentration dependently in WS-23 treated BEAS-2B cells, and cells became immotile in concentrations above 1.5 mg/mL. Gap closure, which depends on both cell proliferation and migration, was inhibited by 0.45 mg/mL of WS-23. These data show that WS-23 is being added to popular EC fluids at concentrations that can impair processes dependent on the actin cytoskeleton and disturb homeostasis of the bronchial epithelium. The unregulated use of WS-23 in EC products may harm human health.