bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the multidimensionality of home‐based dementia caregiving and related challenges based on digital journaling and interviews
Authors: Davidsson Rebecca , Baker David , Chintakrindi Sameeksha , Lee Jung‐Ah , Kinser Patricia , Ozkaynak Mustafa , Chung Jane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundHome‐based dementia caregiving is often complicated and may be fragmented due to differences in caregiver roles, needs, preferences and caregiving circumstances. The complex structure of informal caregiving and inadequate support result in negative health outcomes among informal caregivers. Prior methodologies appear to lack a systematic capture of the critical features and intricate structures of home‐based dementia caregiving.ObjectivesTo characterize dimensions and delivery frequencies of dementia caregiving tasks provided by family members and explore how caregivers framed their everyday challenges related to providing dementia care and support at home. We evaluated the value of digital journaling (caregiver journaling with a messenger app) as a novel data collection technique to better characterize informal dementia caregiving in the home setting.MethodsWe incorporated multiple data sources from family caregivers, including qualitative interviews, digital journals over four weeks and self‐report caregiver and care recipient characteristics to characterize dimensions, types and frequencies of home‐based dementia care tasks and explore caregivers’ challenges and coping to adapt to the changing caregiving situations. Ten family caregivers completed qualitative interviews and digital journaling.ResultsA content analysis of 124 journal entries and a thematic analysis of 20 qualitative interviews show that caregivers offered assistance that extended far beyond activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL. The key themes identified centred around how caregivers shape caregiving tasks, their personas and caregiving strategies while performing multiple roles, as well as the emotional toll of being a caregiver in the face of maintaining coping and resilience.ConclusionsThe study suggests the use of novel methodology to characterize home‐based dementia caregiving and to identify day‐to‐day care delivery challenges to increase our understanding of how to better support family caregivers.Implications for PracticeNursing interventions aimed at improving informal caregivers’ well‐being need to focus on understanding the dynamic nature of caregiving roles and responsibilities, and the evolving needs of caregivers and care recipients.
Experiences of interventions to reduce hospital stay for older adults following elective treatment: Qualitative evidence‐synthesis
Authors: Kinsey Debbie , Carrieri Daniele , Briscoe Simon , Febrey Sam , Kneale Dylan , Lovegrove Chris , Nunns Michael , Coon Jo Thompson , McGrath John , Hemsley Anthony , Shaw Liz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHospitals streamline treatment pathways to reduce the length of time older adults admitted for planned procedures spend in hospital. However patient perspectives have been poorly evaluated. This systematic review aimed to understand the experiences of older patients, carers, families and staff of multi‐component interventions intended to improve recovery following elective treatment.Research Design and MethodsBibliographic databases searched in June 2021 included MEDLINE ALL, HMIC, CENTRAL, CINAHL, AMED and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. We conducted citation searching and examined reference lists of reviews. Two reviewers independently undertook screening and data extraction, resolving disagreements through discussion. We used an adapted Wallace checklist for quality appraisal and meta‐ethnography to synthesise data. Clinician, carer and patient views were incorporated throughout the review.ResultsThirty‐five papers were included in the synthesis. Thirteen studies were conducted in the UK, with patient views the most frequently represented. We identified six overarching constructs: ‘Home as preferred environment for recovery’, ‘Feeling safe’, ‘Individualisation of structured programme’, ‘Taking responsibility’, ‘Essential care at home’ and ‘Outcomes’.Discussion and ImplicationsFindings explore the support patients, families and carers need throughout hospital admission, and may inform commissioning of services to ensure patients and carers receive appropriate follow‐up support after hospital discharge. The findings may help hospital and community‐based health and social care staff provide person‐centred care based upon assessments of emotional and physical wellbeing of patients and family/carers. Research is needed to establish a core‐set of patient‐reported outcome measures which capture aspects of recovery which are meaningful to patients.
Finnish telehomecare workers' satisfaction with the inclusion of telehomecare in older adults' home care and factors associated with it
Authors: Hoffrén‐Mikkola Merja , Eloranta Sini , Teeri Sari , Mikkola Tuula , Komulainen Marjatta 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTelehomecare in older adults' home care in Finland is mainly video‐mediated check‐up and reminder calls with home care clients. Home care workers have reported mixed attitudes and feelings towards utilisation of technologies and remote services in their work.ObjectivesThe aim of this cross‐sectional study was to investigate Finnish telehomecare workers' satisfaction with the inclusion of telehomecare in older adults' home care. Another aim was to examine what factors are associated with this satisfaction.MethodsThe data were collected with an electronic quantitative email survey. Five Finnish older adults' home care organisations participated as the target organisations of the study. Two of the organisations were located in large cities, one in a medium‐sized provincial centre and two in rural municipalities. Three organisations provided telehomecare services with centralised service models and two with decentralised service models. In total, the organisations had 103 telehomecare workers to whom the survey was directed.ResultsThe telehomecare workers were mostly satisfied with (55.8%) or felt neutral about (20.9%) the inclusion of telehomecare in older adults' home care. Satisfaction was strongly related to the workers' experience of telehomecare making their work easier, improving interaction and enhancing relationships of trust with clients as well as decreasing workload. Application of telehomecare to overcome the workers' physical restrictions, and also their perceptions of being able to influence whether to start working in telehomecare, were strongly related to their satisfaction with the inclusion of telehomecare in home care.ConclusionsThe results confirm that telehomecare job positions function well as relocated job positions in home care when workers have musculoskeletal problems or injuries. However, it is important that workers' willingness to work in telehomecare is also respected. From the telehomecare workers' perspective, good interaction and trustful relationships with clients are important factors that produce good care and increase satisfaction with telehomecare.Implications for practiceTelehomecare may have a positive impact on the home care workers’ job satisfaction. The homecare workers need training in the use of new technologies. In addition, they need to be able to decide themselves whether they start working in telehomecare or not.
Comparison of En Bloc Resection and Intralesional Excision for Re‐resection of Giant Cell Tumors of the Spine
Authors: Zhou Hua , Tang Yanchao , Hu Panpan , Zhai Shuheng , Liu Xiaoguang , Liu Zhongjun , Wei Feng 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveRe‐resection of spinal giant cell tumors is an exceedingly difficult procedure. Moreover, the prognosis of patients with en bloc resection or intralesional excision for re‐resection has rarely been reported. This study aimed to compare the prognostic value of en bloc resection with that of intralesional excision in patients undergoing re‐resection for giant cell tumors of the spine.MethodsThis retrospective analysis evaluated patients who underwent revision surgeries for relapse of giant cell tumors of the spine at our center between January 2005 and January 2021. Local progression‐free survival represents the duration between en bloc resection or intralesional excision and tumor recurrence. Neurological recovery, survival rates, local control, and complications were evaluated. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used for survival analysis.ResultsA total of 22 patients (nine men and 13 women) with a mean age of 34.1 (range 19–63) years were included. Significant statistical differences were found in the local tumor recurrence rate between patients treated with en bloc resection and those treated with intralesional excision (p < 0.05). The 5‐ and 10‐year local progression‐free survival rates were both 90% in the en bloc resection group, while in the intralesional excision group, the 5‐year local progression‐free survival rate was 80% with a 10‐year rate of 45.7%. The en bloc resection group had a lower local tumor recurrence rate than that of the intralesional excision group (p < 0.05), but the former had a higher rate of complications (p = 0.015).ConclusionsThis study revealed a low local recurrence rate in patients who underwent en bloc resection for giant cell tumors, while the perioperative complication rate was high.
Photosynthetic adaptation mechanisms of waterlogged wheat (Triticum aestivum) at flowering under exogenous nitric oxide donor application
Authors: Yang Ru , Ou Jun , Zhang Kou , Qian Tianyu , Yang Wenjun , Zhang Xiangshuo , He Haibing , Zhang Wenjing , Ma Shangyu , Fan Yonghui , Ding Wenjing , Huang Zhenglai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe effects of nitric oxide (NO) on the photosynthetic adaptation mechanisms of wheat plants in waterlogging during the flowering stage are poorly understood. Field and pot experiments using two cultivars were conducted with three treatments: waterlogging (WL), waterlogging plus NO donor sodium nitroprusside (WLsnp), and adequate water (CK). The results indicated that the WLsnp and CK treatments exhibited significantly higher 1000‐kernel weight and yield than the WL treatment because of high photosynthetic potential(P<0.05). We found that the photosynthetic performance, including photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), mesophyll conductance (gm), carbon dioxide concentration at the carboxylation site (Cc), maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax), maximum electron transfer rate (Jmax), actual electron transfer rate (J), actual PSII efficiency (ΦPSII) and potential maximum efficiency in PSII (Fv/Fm), was significantly improved in the WLsnp treatment compared to the WL treatment, both during waterlogging and after de‐waterlogging. Little difference was observed in the photosynthetic performance between the WLsnp and CK treatments during waterlogging for cultivar YM15 and after de‐waterlogging for cultivar YM24. Further analysis indicated that gs, gm and J were identified as key physiological indicators that synergistically regulate Pn of waterlogged wheat plants. Overall, the improvement of wheat's waterlogging resistance capacity after spraying NO is mainly related to high gs, great gm, and high J.
Electoral Campaigns and Parliamentary Practice: Do Parties Pursue the Issues They Campaigned On?
Authors: Gross Martin , Nyhuis Dominic , Block Sebastian , Velimsky Jan A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWell‐functioning political representation presupposes that the substantive focus of parties‘ parliamentary efforts reflects the issues on which parties campaigned. Although the link between electoral campaigning and parliamentary practice is crucial for successful representation in modern democracies, we still have little evidence that the issues on which political actors campaigned are the ones they focus on in day‐to‐day politics. We investigate the link between electoral campaigning and parliamentary practice by examining the overlap between parties‘ issue attention in manifestos and parliamentary questions. Our results for parties‘ issue attention in local campaigns and in local councils in Germany between 2011 and 2020 show that parties follow up on the issues they campaign on: The more parties emphasise an issue in their campaign, the more they pay attention to it in their parliamentary activities.
Genetic structuring and species boundaries in the Atlantic stony coral Favia (Scleractinia, Faviidae)
Authors: Adam Carolina de Lima , Toonen Robert J. , Carlon David B. , Zilberberg Carla , Barbeitos Marcos Soares 
Published: January 2024

AbstractScleractinian corals are the main modern builders of coral reefs, which are major hot spots of marine biodiversity. Southern Atlantic reef corals are understudied compared to their Caribbean and Indo‐Pacific counterparts and many hypotheses about their population dynamics demand further testing. We employed thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) recovered via ezRAD to characterize genetic population structuring and species boundaries in the amphi‐Atlantic hard coral genus Favia. Coalescent‐based species delimitation (BFD* – Bayes Factor Delimitation) recovered F. fragum and F. gravida as separate species. Although our results agree with depth‐related genetic structuring in F. fragum, they did not support incipient speciation of the ‘tall’ and ‘short’ morphotypes. The preferred scenario also revealed a split between two main lineages of F. gravida, one from Ascension Island and the other from Brazil. The Brazilian lineage is further divided into a species that occurs throughout the Northeastern coast and another that ranges from the Abrolhos Archipelago to the state of Espírito Santo. BFD* scenarios were corroborated by analyses of SNP matrices with varying levels of missing data and by a speciation‐based delimitation approach (DELINEATE). Our results challenge current notions about Atlantic reef corals because they uncovered surprising genetic diversity in Favia and rejected the long‐standing hypothesis that Abrolhos Archipelago may have served as a Pleistocenic refuge during the last glaciations.
Using theater as an innovative knowledge translation approach for health research: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Jackson Poppy , Luke Alison , Goudreau Alex , Doucet Shelley 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
The objective of this review is to synthesize the existing literature on how theater has been used as a knowledge translation approach for health research and to identify the outcome measures employed for evaluation as well as the facilitators/challenges related to this approach.

Introduction:
The use of arts-based knowledge translation methods is relatively new in health research but has already shown to have positive impacts on knowledge, attitudes, policy, and practice. Specifically, theater has proven to be an effective approach for communicating research findings in a way that stimulates thought and discussion on important health-related topics.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will include scholarly literature on how theater is being used as a knowledge translation approach for health research. The review will not impose any limitations related to demographic variables, health issues, or settings. The review will consider papers using any study design, and will also consider other literature, such as protocols, descriptive papers, unpublished papers, and evaluation reports.

Methods:
This review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. The databases to be searched will include CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Embase, MEDLINE (Ovid), Academic Search Premier (EBSCOhost), and Scopus. Google/Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses will also be searched for unpublished studies and gray literature. All literature identified in the search will be screened by 2 independent reviewers and the results will be presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram. The data extracted from the included literature will be presented in both tabular and narrative format.

Review registration:
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/gbcpj
A Golden Eye in the Sky
Authors: Zeldovich Lina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The James Webb Telescope is NASA’s largest and most complex orbiting observatory to date. Ten years in the making at a price tag of nearly $10 billion, Webb was designed to not only go where no other telescopes have gone before, but also see things no other telescopes have been able to see. This is the story of the engineering underpinning this new space telescope.
Machine Learning for Modeling Oscillating Heat Pipes: A Review
Authors: Núñez Roberto , Mohammadian Shahabeddin K. , Rupam Tahmid Hasan , Mohammed Ramy H. , Huang Guliang , Ma Hongbin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Oscillating heat pipes are heat transfer devices with the potential of addressing some of the most pressing current thermal management problems, from the miniaturization of microchips to the development of hypersonic vehicles. Since their invention in the 1990s, numerous studies have attempted to develop predictive and inverse design models for oscillating heat pipe function. However, the field still lacks robust and flexible models that can be used to prescribe design specifications based on a target performance. The fundamental difficulty lies in the fact that, despite the simplicity of their design, the mechanisms behind the operation of oscillating heat pipes are complex and only partially understood. To circumvent this limitation, over the last several years, there has been increasing interest in the application of machine learning techniques to oscillating heat pipe modeling. Our survey of the literature has revealed that machine learning techniques have successfully been used to predict different aspects of the operation of these devices. However, many fundamental questions such as which machine learning models are better suited for this task or whether their results can extrapolate to different experimental setups remain unanswered. Moreover, the wealth of knowledge that the field has produced regarding the physical phenomena behind oscillating heat pipes is still to be leveraged by machine learning techniques. Herein, we discuss these applications in detail, emphasizing their advantages, limitations, as well as potential paths forward.
Motion-Based Wave Inference With Neural Networks: Transfer Learning From Numerical Simulation to Experimental Data
Authors: Bisinotto Gustavo A. , de Mello Pedro C. , Cozman Fabio G. , Tannuri Eduardo A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The directional wave spectrum, which describes the distribution of wave energy along frequencies and directions, can be estimated from the measured motions of a vessel subjected to a particular sea condition by resorting to the wave-buoy analogy. Several methods have been proposed to address the inverse estimation problem; recently, machine learning techniques have been assessed as further alternatives. However, it may be difficult to gather large datasets of in-service motion responses and the associated sea states to train effective data-driven models. In this work, an encoder–decoder neural network is trained with the synthetic responses of a station-keeping platform supply vessel (PSV) to estimate the directional wave spectrum. This estimation model is directly applied to perform wave inference from motion data of wave basin tests with a small-scale model of the same vessel. Furthermore, fine-tuning is also used to incorporate experimental data into the neural network model. Results show a satisfactory match between estimated and measured values, both with respect to the energy distribution and the integral spectrum parameters, indicating that the proposed approach can be employed to obtain data-driven wave inference models when there is little or no availability of measured motion records and the corresponding sea conditions.
Multimodal ultrasonography evaluation in thyroid nodule characterization: what is the ideal algorithm?
Authors: Gürsel Başak Erdemli , Çağlar Barış , Özpar Rıfat , Saraydaroğlu Özlem , Gökalp Gökhan , Topal Naile Bolca 
Published: January 2024

Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic performances of Ultrasonography (US), Shear-wave Elastography (SWE), and Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) findings in the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules (MTNs) and to determine the US algorithm with the best diagnostic performance.Material and methods: Eighty-one nodules in 77 patients who had underwent multimodal US with biopsy results, were evaluated. Echogenicity, nodule components, contours, presence and type of calcification, and size were analyzed with US. Nodule stiffness and vascular index (VI) measurements were performed via SWE and SMI. The power of the US algorithm in predicting malignancy was evaluated.Results: Hypoechogenicity, irregular contour, aspect ratio (anteroposterior (AP)/transvers diameter) >1, and >43.9 kPa were the characteristicshad significant efficacy in the diagnosis of MTNs. Sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values were respectively 100%, 48.5%, and 0.742 for hypoechogenicity; 80%, 90.1%, and 0.855 for irregular contour; 60%, 71.2%, and 0.656 for aspect ratio >1; 60%, 72.7%, and 0.671 for >43.9 kPa; and 93.3%, 90.9%, and 0.921 for the US algorithm. VI did not show significant efficacy in diagnosis.Conclusion: Some B-mode and SWE findings showed sufficient efficacy in differentiating benign and malign nodules on their own. However, diagnostic accuracy increased significantly when the US algorithm was applied
The Effect of Active Release Technique on Hamstring Extensibility: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Palermo Mikala , Reich Sierra , Rives Mika 
Published: January 2024

Clinical Scenario: Hamstring extensibility plays a significant role in maintaining postural alignment essential for a functional musculoskeletal system. When hamstring extensibility is lacking, individuals are placed at a higher risk for developing various lumbar spine, pelvis, knee, and foot dysfunctions. Limited hamstring extensibility is common, occurring in as much as 40% of college students and 86% of the adult population. Therefore, it is essential to maintain hamstring extensibility, which can be aided by understanding intervention effectiveness for improving flexibility. Purpose: To critically appraise the literature on the effectiveness of Active Release Technique (ART) for the treatment of hamstring extensibility deficits. Clinical Question: What is the effect of ART in a healthy population with or without hamstring extensibility deficits? Summary of Key Findings: Three studies were included for critical appraisal. Two studies concluded a single treatment session of ART that individuals possessing limited straight leg raise range of motion experienced improved active knee extension, popliteal angle, and sit-and-reach test measures. In the third study, a single session of ART was effective at improving hamstring extensibility in males without hamstring extensibility dysfunction. Clinical Bottom Line: Based on the current level 1 and level 3 evidence, ART may be an effective treatment to produce acute increases in hamstring extensibility. Future research is still needed. Strength of Recommendation: Level B evidence exists to support the use of ART to improve hamstring extensibility in the healthy population.