bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of age at initial HPV vaccination on cervical cancer screening participation in a nationally representative cohort of women in the United States
Authors: Chirikova Ekaterina , Dorismond Vanessa , Cortella Alyssa M. , DeRouen Mindy C. , Sawaya George F. 
Published: January 2025

Objective A better understanding of factors associated with cervical cancer screening can inform strategies for cervical cancer prevention. This study examined the relationship between age at human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and participation in cervical cancer screening among a nationally representative sample of women in the United States. Methods We utilized data from the National Survey of Family Growth for the years 2015–2019 focusing on women aged 18–24 vaccinated against HPV. Age at first HPV immunization was analyzed as both a dichotomous (vaccinated at 9–12 vs. 13–23 years) and a continuous variable. The outcome measured was ever having a Pap smear. Multivariable logistic regression that accounted for complex survey design was employed to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and differences from average marginal predictions. Results The study comprised 981 individuals, representing 6.05 million women. Over half of the study population had a Pap test (57.4%). Women vaccinated at ages 9–12 were less likely to participate in screening compared to those vaccinated at ages 13–23 [risk difference: −9.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) −16.7 to −1.5)] which translates into 120,260 fewer women nationwide getting cervical cancer screening. Each 1-year increase in age at first vaccination was associated with a 1.1% (95% CI, −0.1 to 2.4%) higher probability of having a Pap test, but this linear trend was not statistically significant. Conclusions Our study underscores the importance of promoting cervical cancer screening not only among unvaccinated women but also among those who received the HPV vaccine at the recommended ages of 9–12.
MRI Analysis of the Wrist: Does the Presence of Palmaris Longus Affect Median Nerve Position?
Authors: Chavez Victor B. , Smith Dean W. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Understanding the median nerve’s position relative to surrounding anatomy is essential; however, there are many variations among individuals. This study assesses differences in median nerve position with or without palmaris longus (PL). We hypothesize that PL presence alters median nerve position, resulting in a greater distance to the skin volar surface, a decreased distance to the radius volar surface, and an increased distance to the flexor carpi radialis (FCR). Methods: 1193 wrist magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies were retrospectively reviewed from 2019 to 2023. One hundred adults ages 18 to 50 meeting criteria were included for a power > 80%: 50 wrist axial plane MRIs (distal radial-ulnar joint level) with PL and 50 without PL. Measurements included the distance from the median nerve center to the skin volar surface, radius volar surface, and FCR center. Statistical analysis included Fisher exact tests and Mann-Whitney U Test (median, ranges), with significance at P-value < 0.05. Results: Individuals with PL had a greater distance between the median nerve and skin volar surface. The presence of PL exhibited no discernable difference in the distance between the median nerve to the radius volar surface or the FCR center. Palmaris longus presence or absence did not affect the radial/ulnar positioning of the median nerve to the FCR center. Conclusions: PL presence results in a deeper median nerve position within the wrist in relation to the skin volar surface. This knowledge is crucial for musculoskeletal specialists, especially during volar approach wrist surgeries and when administering anesthetic or therapeutic injections to the median nerve.
Women and birth partners’ experiences of cervical ripening at home and in hospital
Authors: Yuill Cassandra , Harkness Mairi , Cheyne Helen , Charkin Boo , Ferreira Monica , Price Eloise , Bhide Amarnath , Black Mairead , Boyd Kathleen , Heera-Shergill Neelam , Modi Neena , Norrie John , Pasupathy Dharmintra , Sanders Julia , Stock Sarah J. , Townsend Rosemary , Williams Linda J. , McCourt Christine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
In the United Kingdom, induction of labour rates are rapidly rising, and around a third of pregnant women undergo the procedure. The first stage, cervical ripening, traditionally carried out in hospital, is increasingly offered outpatient – or ‘at home’. The current induction of labour rates place considerable demand on maternity services and impact women’s experiences of care, and at home cervical ripening has been suggested as potential solution for alleviating these. However, there is a lack of evidence on both women’s and birth partners’ experiences and acceptability of at home cervical ripening informing its practice.

Methods
We undertook a qualitative study of women and their birth partners’ experiences of cervical ripening at home and in hospital. Semi-structured interviews explored experiences, acceptability and consequences of cervical ripening.

Results
We identified six key themes: ‘Information and choice’; ‘Physical and sensorial environments’; ‘Pain’; ‘Uncertainty’; ‘Care during induction’; ‘Lasting effects’. Women and birth partners experienced limited choice about cervical ripening. Many reported that shared hospital spaces contributed to negative experiences, while home environments were comforting. Women were unprepared for cervical ripening-associated pain, and delays and uncertainty during induction caused anxiety. Supportive care contributed to more positive experiences; however, some reported difficult or traumatic experiences related to induction.

Conclusions
Most participants were positive about home cervical ripening, yet our study highlights the lack of information and genuine choice regarding cervical ripening and induction. Privacy, presence of birth partners and supportive care contributed to more positive experiences among women. Home cervical ripening may be acceptable to some women and birth partners in the context of informed choice and personalised care.
The attitudes of physicians toward nurse prescribing rights: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wu Yu , Liu Jian , Fornah Lovel , Yan Zeping , Meng Lijun , Wu Shicai 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Nursing prescribing rights have been proposed in many countries, with physicians’ attitudes playing an important role. This study aimed to investigate the attitudes of physicians toward nurse prescribing rights.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of 112 Chinese physicians was conducted from January to March 2024. This study utilized a demographic information form, nurses’ prescription right knowledge questions, and a scale to measure nurse-physician collaboration. The data was analyzed with IBM SPSS-21 software using descriptive and inferential statistics. We used the mean±standard deviation, frequencies and percentages to describe the demographic information, T-test, Chi-square test or Fisher’ s exact test, and binary logistic regression analysis to analyze the correlated factors of the attitudes of physicians toward nurse prescribing rights.

Results
Of 112 physicians, 60 supported nurse prescribing rights, accounting for 53.57% of the total. The results of the single-factor analysis indicated significant differences in the aspects of sex. The binary logistic regression revealed that being female (OR = 0.195, 95%CI = 0.072 ∼ 0.529), having knowledge of nurse prescribing rights (OR = 1.513, 95%CI = 1.051 ∼ 2.176), and promoting nurse-physician collaboration (OR = 1.058, 95%CI = 1.032 ∼ 1.084) were the factors that correlated with physicians’ attitudes toward nurse prescribing rights.

Conclusions
Most physicians expressed a favorable attitude toward nurse prescribing rights. The results of this study will help advance the development of nurse prescribing rights and ultimately improve the quality of patient care.
Enhancing immunotherapy efficacy with synergistic low-dose radiation in metastatic melanoma: current insights and prospects
Authors: Rafiq Zahid , Kang Mingyo , Barsoumian Hampartsoum B. , Manzar Gohar S. , Hu Yun , Leuschner Carola , Huang Ailing , Masrorpour Fatemeh , Lu Weiqin , Puebla-Osorio Nahum , Welsh James W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent advances in oncology research have highlighted the promising synergy between low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) and immunotherapies, with growing evidence highlighting the unique benefits of the combination. LDRT has emerged as a potent tool for stimulating the immune system, triggering systemic antitumor effects by remodeling the tumor microenvironment. Notably, LDRT demonstrates remarkable efficacy even in challenging metastatic sites such as the liver (uveal) and brain (cutaneous), particularly in advanced melanoma stages. The increasing interest in utilizing LDRT for secondary metastatic sites of uveal, mucosal, or cutaneous melanomas underscores its potential efficacy in combination with various immunotherapies. This comprehensive review traverses the journey from laboratory research to clinical applications, elucidating LDRT’s immunomodulatory role on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and systemic immune responses. We meticulously examine the preclinical evidence and ongoing clinical trials, throwing light on the promising prospects of LDRT as a complementary therapy in melanoma treatment. Furthermore, we explore the challenges associated with LDRT’s integration into combination therapies, addressing crucial factors such as optimal dosage, fractionation, treatment frequency, and synergy with other pharmacological agents. Considering its low toxicity profile, LDRT presents a compelling case for application across multiple lesions, augmenting the antitumor immune response in poly-metastatic disease scenarios. The convergence of LDRT with other disciplines holds immense potential for developing novel radiotherapy-combined modalities, paving the way for more effective and personalized treatment strategies in melanoma and beyond. Moreover, the dose-related toxicities of immunotherapies may be reduced by synergistic amplification of antitumor efficacy with LDRT.
The health paradoxes of social media influencers
Authors: Mileros Martin , Norrman Charlotte , Öberg Christina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper describes and discusses social media influencers’ health-related costs of keeping traction as influencers. The paper is based on interviews and social media posts. Four paradoxes highlight the social media influencers’ contradictory circumstances: (1) the social media influencer’s well-being is situated between not being dependent on income and earning the income to avoid monetary stress; (2) well-being becomes associated with playing a role, while authenticity is crucial for the influencer; (3) the premises of being a successful social media influencer is what creates their despair; and (4) being exposed as a healthy role model risks harming the well-being of the social media influencer. The paper takes a unique perspective on social media influencers, focusing on their well-being rather than their promotional power. The paper helps to create socially sustainable conditions for influencers, while it adds to theory through outlining influencers’ paradoxical conditions.
Restoring riparian habitats for benefits to biodiversity and human livelihoods: a systematic map protocol for riparian restoration approaches in the tropics
Authors: Davis Sheena , Grainger Matthew , Pfeifer Marion , Pattison Zarah , Stephens Philip , Sanderson Roy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Riparian zones are vital transitional habitats that bridge the gap between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. They support elevated levels of biodiversity and provide an array of important regulatory and provisioning ecosystem services, of which, many are fundamentally important to human well-being, such as the maintenance of water quality and the mitigation of flood risk along waterways. Increasing anthropogenic pressures resulting from agricultural intensification, industry development and the expansion of infrastructure in tropical regions have led to the widespread degradation of riparian habitats resulting in biodiversity loss and decreased resilience to flooding and erosion. Considering climate change and its associated effects on freshwater systems, the need to build resilience and adaptive capacities is pertinent. This has prompted the need to protect existing riparian habitats and the implementation of solutions to restore these degraded habitats to recover their functional capacity. This systematic map will aim to identify and collate existing literature on approaches for riparian restoration implemented in tropical regions and identify what indicators have been used to measure outcomes for biodiversity and human well-being. The resulting collation of evidence will help to identify current knowledge gaps and inform the direction of future research.

Methods
To address the aims of this systematic map, a search of pre-identified bibliographic databases will be undertaken using a set string of search terms. In addition to this, a grey literature search will be conducted using Google Scholar and by searching for references using specialist websites. All literature that is gathered will be screened by title, abstract and full text using a two-phase screening process which adheres to a pre-determined eligibility criteria. Data will then be coded from the collated group of articles using a pre-designed data coding sheet. Heterogeneity will likely be present in the data; therefore, studies will be grouped appropriately based on the restoration strategy implemented and, on the type of outcome measured. These will be presented as sub-groups. A narrative synthesis of map findings will be produced, this will outline the distribution and frequency of restoration interventions, and outcomes measured, and will highlight evidence gaps to direct future research.
Fast agglomerative clustering using approximate traveling salesman solutions
Authors: Sieranoja Sami , Fränti Pasi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Agglomerative clustering, and Ward’s method, in particular, provide good clustering accuracy for most applications. However, its adoption has been limited by its quadratic time complexity, which makes it slow for large datasets. It also consumes O(N
2) memory for non-vectorial data. In this work, we propose a fast variant of Ward’s method that reduces the number of distance calculations and only needs O(N) memory. It works by constraining the merges to neighboring nodes on a novel fully connected graph that consists of multiple approximate traveling salesman problem (TSP) solutions. This avoids the problems caused by disconnected graph components that can occur with a k-nearest neighbors graph. The method is general and works for all types of data for which a distance function can be defined. For a dataset of size 1.28 million, the proposed method achieves a speedup factor of 25:1 compared with the best exact implementation of Ward’s method and obtains identical results. The algorithm allows a flexible compromise between clustering quality and running time. For a moderate degradation in quality (NMI 0.90 to 0.80), the speedup factor improves further to 625:1. The proposed TSP-graph can also be used in other applications that require a connected neighborhood graph.
The impact of COVID-19 on the social and cultural integration of international students: a literature review
Authors: Sin Cristina , Tavares Orlanda , Apsite-Berina Elina , Borràs Judith , Bulut-Sahin Betül , Chrančoková Martina , Czerska-Shaw Karolina , Devlin Anne Marie , Heinzmann Sybille , Jokila Suvi , Kéri Anita , Lešević Ivana , Magliacane Annarita , Nicolaou Anna , Onder-Ozdemir Neslihan , Perez-Encinas Adriana , Raikou Natassa , Soule Maria Victoria , Valančiūnas Deimantas , Voda Ana Iolanda , Zayim-Kurtay Merve 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This systematic literature review summarises the state-of-the-art evidence on the impact of COVID-19 on the integration of international students in their host countries and institutions. Conducted between January and May 2022, it analyses the responses to COVID-19 of the key actors involved in international student mobility: national/regional authorities, higher education institutions, and students. Findings reveal that governmental action and institutional measures were decisive in shaping international students’ integration experiences. Regarding governmental action, criticism of the policies adopted by Australia and the USA in relation to immigration and/or support stand out, in contrast to policies adopted by the Canadian authorities. Higher education institutions played an important role in mitigating the negative effects of COVID-19 on international students’ integration. These targeted different needs– material, well-being, and social– through different types of support: logistical and financial support, psychological support, and the provision of platforms for ongoing social interaction and exchange. Most studies, however, focus on the students themselves, the challenges they faced during the pandemic and their coping strategies. Common to international students’ lived experience was (dis)connectedness, with the following themes emerging as obstacles to their social and cultural integration: distress during lockdown periods, disruption of their social life and support networks, mental health issues, discrimination and racialised prejudice, and language barriers. The review concludes by proposing recommendations and by identifying avenues for future research.
Digital technologies and performance incentives: evidence from businesses in the Swiss economy
Authors: Lehmann Johannes , Beckmann Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using novel survey data from Swiss firms, this paper empirically examines the relationship between the use of digital technologies and the prevalence of performance incentives. We argue that digital technologies tend to reduce the cost of organizational monitoring through improved measurement of employee behavior and performance, as well as through employee substitution in conjunction with a reduced agency problem. While we expect the former mechanism to increase the prevalence of performance incentives, the latter is likely to decrease it. Our doubly robust ATE estimates show that companies using business software and certain key technologies of Industry 4.0 increasingly resort to performance incentives, suggesting that the improved measurement effect dominates the employee substitution effect. In addition, we find that companies emerging as technology-friendly use performance incentives more frequently than their technology-averse counterparts. Both findings hold for managerial and non-managerial employees. Our estimation results are robust to a variety of sensitivity checks and suggest that Swiss businesses leverage digital technologies to enhance control over production or service processes, allowing them to intensify their management of employees through performance incentives.
How to effectively and efficiently use the Class II carriere motion appliance
Authors: Jawad Mariam , Alkadhimi Aslam 
Published: January 2025

Class II malocclusion is a relatively common orthodontic presentation. Management can include various approaches depending on the severity of the malocclusion, the patient's age, wishes, expectations and the clinician's experience. As well as the increased overjet commonly seen in Class II malocclusion, the overbite usually, but not always, is increased. Managing and controlling both the anteroposterior and vertical elements of the malocclusion simultaneously can be very efficient and lead to a reduced overall treatment duration. The Carriere Class II 3D motion appliance (CMA) is a relatively new concept in managing Class II malocclusion. The simple design makes CMAs more comfortable than other appliances. The distal force on the posterior maxillary segment is applied by elastics, worn from the anterior hook to a button or hook on the mandibular first molar. The protocol for mandibular anchorage includes the use of a removable Essix-type clear retainer that has been modified posteriorly to accommodate the bonded buccal tubes or hooks on the mandibular molars. This article presents two cases where patients were concurrently treated with CMA and lower fixed appliances. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Correction of Class II malocclusion can be made more efficient if both the anteroposterior and vertical components are addressed simultaneously.
Optimization of orthodontic bond strength to defective enamel
Authors: Emms George , Brierley Catherine 
Published: January 2025

Defective enamel can render conventional methods for bonding orthodontic brackets ineffective and compromise orthodontic tooth movement. There are various techniques proposed in the literature to optimize the orthodontic bond strength. A clinical case is presented here with some additional lesser-known techniques to aid bonding. These include etching the enamel surfaces twice, curing the resin adhesive (primer) after etching, and placing composite ‘pads’ to maximize the surface area for bonding. These techniques may be implemented when the primary objective is to improve the bond strength. However, the need to maximize bond strength must be balanced against the risk of causing iatrogenic damage to weaker enamel. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Defective enamel can present an orthodontic challenge owing to compromised bond strength between the adhesive and enamel.
Utilização de painéis didáticos no ensino de óptica mediado pela Astronomia
Authors: Vinicio Santos Marlus , De Lima Ribeiro Carlos Alberto 
Published: January 2025

Nosso objetivo foi criar uma unidade didática que possibilitou trabalhar com conceitos de Astronomia e Óptica nas aulas de Física. Organizamos uma Sequência Didática como ferramenta pedagógica de modo a utilizar a Astronomia como facilitadora para o ensino de Óptica em aulas de Física do Ensino Médio. A metodologia empregada para o desenvolvimento dos Painéis Didáticos e da Sequência Didática envolveu a utilização da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa. Uma abordagem qualitativa, investigação sobre conhecimentos prévios, problematização e sensibilização; apresentação do objeto de conhecimento; atividade prática; discussão da atividade prática; e a finalização. A Sequência Didática, formada por 16 aulas, teóricas e experimentais e dois Painéis Didáticos foram os Produtos Educacionais desenvolvidos e aplicados no Colégio Estadual Rubem Nogueira, localizado na cidade de Serrinha-BA com turmas da 2ª série do Ensino Médio com cerca de 70 estudantes. Os resultados foram avaliados por meio de questionário do tipo Formulário Google. A aceitação, envolvimento e participação dos estudantes foi muito boa.