bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Random walk on spheres method for solving anisotropic transient diffusion problems and flux calculations
Authors: Shalimova Irina , Sabelfeld Karl 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Random Walk on Spheres (RWS) algorithm for solving anisotropic transient diffusion problems based on
a stochastic learning procedure for calculation of the exit position of the anisotropic diffusion process on a sphere is developed.
Direct generalization of the Random Walk on Spheres method to anisotropic diffusion equations is not possible, therefore, we have
numerically calculated the probability density for the exit position on a sphere. The first passage time is then represented explicitly.
The method can easily be implemented to solve diffusion problems with spatially varying diffusion
coefficients for complicated three-dimensional domains. Particle tracking algorithm is highly efficient for calculation of fluxes to boundaries. We apply the developed algorithm for solving an exciton transport in a semiconductor material with a threading dislocation
where the measured functions are the exciton fluxes to the semiconductor’s substrate and on the dislocation surface.
Design optimization of hybrid material B-pillar under crush loading
Authors: Öztürk İsmail 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
B-pillars are vital structural components in rollover-related accidents. In this study, the performances of homogeneous B-pillars designed from B1500HS-T25, AA2024-T351, and AA6061-T6 materials and hybrid B-pillars designed from their combinations under crushing load were compared in energy absorption using simulation results. Optimization studies were conducted utilizing the upper part B1500HS-T25 and lower part AA6061-T6 hybrid B-pillar, which gave the highest energy absorption value. Method of feasible directions was utilized to solve the single-objective optimization, and B-pillar mass decreased by 22.6 % from 2.736 to 2.117 kg compared with the reference B-pillar. Global Response Search Method and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm were used to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. B-pillar with min mass decreased mass value by 25 % from 2.736 to 2.052 kg for both methods. This optimum hybrid B-pillar can be utilized in car design.
Subsidized fertilizer management in the rice production centers of South Sulawesi, Indonesia: Bridging the gap between policy and practice
Authors: Jamil Ali , Ali Muhammad Saleh S. , Fahmid Imam Mujahidin , Salman Darmawan , Rahmadanih Rahmadanih 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims to examine the dynamics of subsidized fertilizer management in rice production areas in Sidrap and Wajo districts, South Sulawesi province. Using a case study approach with qualitative analysis, the study combined primary data from in-depth interviews and secondary data derived from various studies and reports from government organizations. The results show that there is a considerable gap between the government’s fertilizer budget and farmers’ actual needs, leading to coverage of only 37%, thus forcing farmers to purchase more expensive non-subsidized fertilizers. The inefficient distribution system results in delays and scarcity. As a result, there will be market and price dualism between subsidized and non-subsidized markets, as well as subsidized and non-subsidized prices. Enforcement of pricing regulations faces hurdles due to the black market. In addition, farmers use the “foster father” system to obtain credit. To improve fertilizer management, the study recommends a multifaceted approach: increased budget allocation, efficient distribution, strong enforcement of pricing regulations, and innovative financing solutions such as the Tani Card. These strategies, along with improved inter-agency coordination, aim to address challenges and increase the effectiveness of subsidized fertilizer policies.
„Was willst du in Milano?“
Authors: Noeske Nina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The article examines the significance of musical images of Italy in the GDR. On the basis of travel documentaries, films and Italienschlager, especially from the 1950s and 1960s, it demonstrates that the traditional image of the South was aimed at a domestic audience – especially because, since the construction of the Wall in 1961, travel to capitalist foreign countries was impossible for ordinary citizens. East German criticism of capitalism, exploitation and, in part, neo-fascism in Italy was intended to cause the people of the GDR to lose interest in Italy. Finally, the debates about the ideal East German Schlager lyrics of around 1960 shed light on another aspect that is also relevant for the Italienschlager.
Napoli fürs Sofa
Authors: Krahn Carolin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Using a famous commercial shown on German-language television from the 1980s, this article analyses the media staging, reactivation and transformation of audio-visual images of Italy at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. The case study operates at the intersection of music history, the advertising and insurance industries, mass media and global tourism. It interweaves musical, technological, socio-cultural and discursive perspectives. In doing so, it demonstrates how key acoustic motifs become nationally connoted carriers of meaning in the context of the cross-media production and dissemination of clichés relating to Italy in international everyday culture.
Eine Quellengattung im Spektrum der römischen Überlieferung
Authors: Esch Arnold 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The wealth of source material produced by Roman notaries has long been neglected. Only in recent decades has it been systematically evaluated by researchers. Given the fragmentary source situation in general, these atti notarili add considerable detail to our knowledge of everyday life. They provide insights not only into the Rome of the popes, which has received considerable attention, but above all into the Rome of the Roman people, much less studied. This paper focuses not on another notary, but on the question of the potential contribution of this genre of sources to the history of late medieval Rome. We see how clients belonging to different social groups approach different notaries. We understand the typical concerns and problems of Roman society, ranging from the debtor imprisoned in a dungeon to the Colonna family in their palazzo. We find confident Florentines with their business dealings, German bakers and their partnership contracts, impoverished monasteries with their growing debts. We see the building boom of the Renaissance and how Piazza Navona is transformed from a campus into a platea, as well as rural Rome within the walls and its countless vineyards.
Riconversione e Ricostruzione
Authors: Alvi Maddalena , Unger-Alvi Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on German-Vatican debates on the Reichskonkordat after 1945. For this purpose, it explores newly available documents in the Vatican Apostolic Archive from the West German Nunciature in Bonn. Thereby, this essay retraces how the Catholic Church followed German political discourses and how it sought to influence public debates. While Konrad Adenauer and the Christian-Democratic Party aimed to preserve the Reichskonkordat, which had been negotiated by Eugenio Pacelli in 1933, an inner-German opposition began to question the role that the Church had played in the Nazi regime. Already in the 1950s, a diverse alliance of Social Democrats, liberals and Protestant intellectuals accused both the Vatican and members of Adenauer’s government to have supported Nazism in order to establish a form of ‚clerical fascism‘. While these accusations were often of polemical nature, they initiated a profound re-calibration of church-state relations, showing the limits of both Adenauer’s political ambitions and the visions of Pius XII to re-establish a Catholic dominance in postwar culture.
Integrated modeling and coupling characteristics analysis of helicopter/engine/infrared suppressor
Authors: Cheng Benlin , Huang Xing , Ji Chuang , Zhong Wencheng , Zhang Haibo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In order to explore the influence of the infrared stealth technology on the performance of the integrated helicopter/engine system, an integrated modeling method of helicopter/engine/infrared suppressor is proposed. Firstly, based on the power calculation model of the helicopter, combined with the high-precision turboshaft engine component-level model, an integrated simulation platform is built, which takes into account the nonlinear characteristics. Then, the aerodynamic characteristics of infrared suppressors under different engine operation states are studied by CFD numerical computation method, and the infrared radiation characteristics are obtained through combining the positive and negative ray tracing method and narrow band model method. Ultimately, the utilization of the power turbine outlet stagnation pressure is employed as the pivotal interface linking the turboshaft engine and the infrared suppressor in order to formulate an integrated model encompassing the helicopter, engine, and infrared suppressor subsystems. The simulation results demonstrate that compared with the conventional exhaust system, the application of the infrared suppressor greatly enhances the stealth performance of the helicopter, but also results in the unexpected decrease in engine output power. Moreover, the specific fuel consumption of the turboshaft engine increase and the compressor surge margin decreases in case of the consistent flight condition.
Editorial: Special Issue on Very High Cycle Fatigue
Authors: Simsiriwong Jutima , Haghshenas Meysam , Marquard Kirk , Kersey R. Keith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As the co-guest editors of the special issue of ASTM International’s journal Materials Performance and Characterization on very high cycle fatigue (VHCF), we are delighted to have this issue published by ASTM. Fatigue phenomena have long been a topic of significant interest and of research focusing on understanding the behavior of materials and structures under cyclic loading. However, the exploration of fatigue properties beyond traditional high cycle fatigue has gained substantial momentum in recent years. The VHCF regime, characterized by fatigue life exceeding 107 cycles, presents unique challenges and opportunities for advancing our understanding of fatigue mechanisms and developing robust design methodologies. This special issue brings together a collection of outstanding research articles that delve into various aspects of VHCF and contains 15 peer-reviewed articles (research and review) from researchers all around the globe (Asia, South and North America, and Europe). The published contributions encompass a broad range of materials, including metals and alloys, and employ diverse experimental, analytical, and computational techniques to investigate the behavior of structures subjected to VHCF loading. The research presented here not only enhances our fundamental knowledge of fatigue mechanisms but also provides practical insights for industrial applications such as aerospace, automotive, and additive manufacturing. We would like to sincerely thank all the authors who contributed to this special issue for their high-quality submissions, which greatly contribute to the advancement of this less-explored field. We also extend our acknowledgment to the Editor in Chief of the journal, Dr. Richard W. Neu (Georgia Institute of Technology), and the ASTM Publishing Manager, Ms. Alyssa Conaway. Without their invaluable help and support, it would have been impossible to publish this special issue. We hope this special issue enhances our knowledge and understanding in the field of fatigue, particularly VHCF, and serves as a reliable reference for students, researchers, and engineers working in this field. Co-guest editors Summer 2023
MAPL loss dysregulates bile and liver metabolism in mice
Authors: Goyon Vanessa , Besse‐Patin Aurèle , Zunino Rodolfo , Ignatenko Olesia , Nguyen Mai , Coyaud Étienne , Lee Jonathan M , Nguyen Bich N , Raught Brian , McBride Heidi M 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMitochondrial and peroxisomal anchored protein ligase (MAPL) is a dual ubiquitin and small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) ligase with roles in mitochondrial quality control, cell death and inflammation in cultured cells. Here, we show that MAPL function in the organismal context converges on metabolic control, as knockout mice are viable, insulin‐sensitive, and protected from diet‐induced obesity. MAPL loss leads to liver‐specific activation of the integrated stress response, inducing secretion of stress hormone FGF21. MAPL knockout mice develop fully penetrant spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma. Mechanistically, the peroxisomal bile acid transporter ABCD3 is a primary MAPL interacting partner and SUMOylated in a MAPL‐dependent manner. MAPL knockout leads to increased bile acid production coupled with defective regulatory feedback in liver in vivo and in isolated primary hepatocytes, suggesting cell‐autonomous function. Together, our findings establish MAPL function as a regulator of bile acid synthesis whose loss leads to the disruption of bile acid feedback mechanisms. The consequences of MAPL loss in liver, along with evidence of tumor suppression through regulation of cell survival pathways, ultimately lead to hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
Psychometrics and Cognitive Research: Contradictions and Possibility for Cooperation
Authors: Кузьмина Юлия 
Published: November 2023

The article considered several issues of the relationships between cognitive psychology and psychometrics. Cognitive psychology has mainly developed within experimental paradigm in psychology, whereas psychometrics has developed within a different paradigm – assessment of individual differences and correlational studies. In the article it has been considered a brief history of the development of relationships between experimental studies and psychometrics, from the end of 19th century to the present. The historical view allows understanding problems in the use of experimental tasks for assessing individual differences and obstacles to the widespread of use psychometric models in experimental studies. Several recommendations are proposed to improve the accuracy of measurements of individual differences in cognitive abilities and processes, from psychometric perspectives.
Determination of markers of lifetime use of substances containing ricin
Authors: Kalekin Roman A. , Barsegyan Samvel S. , Volkova Alla A. , Orlova Alevtina M. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: The problem of establishing the fact of acute and lethal poisoning with cytotoxic substances currently remains an urgent task for forensic medical examination. Ricin belongs to this group of substances and is the most toxic representative, which can have irreversible health consequences if ingested into the human body.
AIM: development of a rapid analysis technique for detecting marker substances when establishing the fact of ricin poisoning in biological objects for the purposes and tasks of forensic medical examination.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have described optimal conditions for isolating ricinin and ricinolic acid, as markers of the presence of ricin, from blood and urine for further investigation by modern chromatographic methods (HPLC/MS/MS and GC/MS/MS).
RESULTS: According to the results of the study, an express method for the detection of ricinin and ricinoleic acid in biological fluids, castor oil and castor seeds has been developed, which requires only 200 l of biological fluid. Chromatographic and mass spectrometric characteristics were determined for the subsequent identification of ricinin and ricinolic acid. The authors have established the presence of toxic ricinin in the products of processing of castor seeds, which can be a causal cause of poisoning of people.
CONCLUSION: For the first time, an express technique of forensic chemical and chemical-toxicological examination of ricin poisoning by chromatographic methods - HPLC/MS/MS and GC/MS/MS, based on the determination of marker substances in biological objects ― ricinin and ricinolic acid, is presented.
Effect of patanjali yoga sutra on personality development: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kumari Nandani , Maurya Sushma , Negi Kavita 
Published: November 2023

The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali describes a wise process of living that promotes balance and harmony. The study evaluates the personality development or positive changes from the physical to the spiritual through the Patanjali Yoga Sutra.A randomized controlled trial included 200 participants (age – 21-25 yrs.), both gender physically fit for the yoga module. Participants were undergraduate students from Ambala, Haryana. Participants were equally randomized to each group (100). The researcher used structured and planned intervention methods for the experiments—the practice of techniques given in Tools for data collection werestructured questionnaires (Demographic data), Vedic Personality Inventory (VPI), andageneral health questionnaire (GHQ-28). Results were analyzed as per intention to treat analysis. and GHQ's Total scores differed statistically significantly (p-value &#60; 0.000) in both groups. We found greater improvement in the YG compared to the CG. Sattva score in YG increased dramatically from 30.70 (8.635) to 49.99 (15.137), simultaneously increasing from 30.01 (10.508) to 41.94 (13.667) in CG. ' score in YG significantly reduced from 37.12 (13.318) to 27.68 (9.043) and decreased significantly from 41.94 (13.966) to 30.01 (10.508) in CG. Tamas's score in YG significantly reduced from 37.22 (10.669) to 22.34 (10.780), whereas it was the same as 28.20 (10.453) in CG. The results have shown that practice has improved the personality of young, healthy volunteers by increasing their Sattva Guna and reducing their and
Study of and isolated from edible leafy greens
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sayan , Kabiraj Ankush , Lahiri Shibani 
Published: November 2023

Tulsi, Mint and Spinach all are leafy greens. They have tremendous medicinal properties thus they are used as culinary herbs or sometimes consumed as raw. Although sometimes they caused health issues due to presence of some enteropathogenic bacteria.: In this study we are tried to identify the enteropathogens and through different types of laboratory examinations. : We looked for the enteropathogens and in Tulsi, mint and spinach leaves via different types of laboratory techniques. Many of these leaves contained th3ese pathogens which can be harmful if ingested by the oral route.: Enteropathogenic bacteria can often be found in edible leafy greens and this should be of public health concern.
US - Great Britain Economic Relations
Authors: Davydov Andrey 
Published: November 2023

This article covers the major trends of United States and Great Britain economic relations. Economic cooperation between these countries is closely connected with the phenomenon of “special relationships” in the political field. Sources and main points of the “special relationships” are being analyzed in the article. British departure from the European Union created possibilities to develop further economic cooperation between the United States and the United Kingdom. Negotiations on free trade agreement started under Donald Trump administration but were frozen under current US administration. In the result UK proved to be between Scylla and Charybdis. The article covers major trends of structural changes in mutual trade and investment flows during last decade. Statistical analysis shows that oil and natural gas are the major articles of US export to Great Britain. United Kingdom is exporting transport equipment, chemicals and different types of machinery. Different services (professional, business, finance and science) are also important for mutual cooperation. Current investment positions of both countries are being analyzed. Great Britain is interested to get American direct investment in different fields. UK big holding companies are the major target of US direct investors. British equities are also in great demand on the global financial market. Most of British capitals are invested in manufacturing companies of the US. Current situation with free trade negotiations is being analyzed. President John Baiden administration realizes conservative economic policy. US conservative policy is aimed to support national producers. In view of the above it is highly likely that trade negotiations between US and UK will not be in progress for a long period.
Rare damage to the tendons of the posterior thigh muscle group. Clinical case
Authors: Mironov A. V. , Mironov V. S. , Shalin V. V. 
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Hamstring tendon injury is a rare high-energy injury.The aim of the work is to demonstrate a rare clinical case of simultaneous damage to the distal tendon of the semimembranous muscle and the distal tendon of the biceps femoris.Object and methods. The patient is 55 years old, fell on the ice and sat in the "splits" position. Immediately after the injury, there was a sharp pain, the absence of active flexion of the right shin. She was treated conservatively. However, the pronounced pain syndrome and the lack of active movements forced the patient to do an MRI and consult a traumatologist.Results and discussion. After performing an MRI and examination by a traumatologist, damage to the distal tendons of the semi-webbed and biceps femoral muscles was diagnosed. Surgical interventions were performed – tendon suture and tenodesis. Immobilization with a sharshnir splint with a bending angle of 80 degrees. After immobilization, a dosed extension of the knee joint with a hinge system with a frequency of 5 degrees per day was performed for 6 weeks. After carrying out a full complex of medical rehabilitation using physiotherapy and the Arthromot apparatus, the volume of movements is 0/0/180.Conclusion. Early surgical treatment and competent rehabilitation measures allow you to fully restore the lost functions. Even with such rare injuries.