bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superposition of modulated nonlinear waves in inhomogeneous systems with negative coherent coupling
Authors: Jia Shuoshuo , Jia Heping , Yang Rongcao , Fan Kaikai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The superimposed wave solutions of the variable coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger equations with negative coherent coupling are derived under a more relaxed constraint condition than those in previous literatures. For the benefit of the more relaxed constraint, the dispersion, nonlinearity, and gain/loss can be designed freely, and the obtained solutions can describe the nonlinear waves in general inhomogeneous optical fiber systems. The obtained solutions with two free phase parameters can be deemed to be the superposition of the typical simple modulated solutions, and the arbitrary of the optical parameters and the free phase parameters be expected to give the rise of abundant forms of modulation functions, that leads to the diverse characteristics of superimposed waves. Take the kink dispersion fiber systems with constant gain/loss and trigonometric gain/loss as examples, rich dynamics of the superimposed waves are displayed. By changing the gain/loss, the physical features of superimposed waves, such as the amplitudes of solitons and Kuznetsov-Ma breathers, the widths of solitons, the distances between Kuznetsov-Ma breathers, and the backgrounds of Akhmediev breathers and rogue waves can be controlled. The interaction of solitons or Kuznetsov-Ma breathers, and the number of the rogue waves or Akhmediev breathers can also be manipulated by selecting appropriate value of gain/loss. The results presented here may be useful to explore the diverse dynamics of superimposed waves and prove significance for the control of nonlinear waves in weakly birefringent fibers.
Breakdown characteristics of nitrogen at different pressures in alternating non-uniform electric fields
Authors: Wang Yilong , Zheng Yuesheng , Serdyuk Yuriy V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
AC breakdown characteristics of nitrogen at different pressures in electric fields with different degrees of non-uniformity provided by a sphere-plane electrode system have been investigated. It is found that the measured breakdown voltages obey Paschen’s law at the values of the field factor (the ration of the maximum field strength between electrodes to the average field strength) below ∼2. Deviations start to appear and increase gradually if the field factor increases above this threshold. Respectively, the dependence of the breakdown voltage U
b on the product of pressure p and gap distance d changes from been linear U
b ∼ p ×d to a more complex relationship of type U
b ∼ p ×ln(d). It is found that the maximum field strength corresponding to the breakdown increases with increasing gas pressure and decreasing electrode radius but it is independent on the gap distance. The breakdown voltages predicted by the streamer criterion agree well with the experimental data. The results obtained for nitrogen were compared with the breakdown characteristics of air and it was found that at the values of the field factor below 9, the breakdown strength of nitrogen was higher than that of ambient air.
On slow-flow dynamics, stability charts, and vibration elimination of a self-excited structure utilizing a novel control technique
Authors: Saeed Nasser A , Ashour Amal , Abdelhafez Hassan , Sharaf Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This work focuses on vibration elimination, bifurcation control, and stability achievement in a harmonically forced self-excited nonlinear oscillator. A novel control technique called the Integral Resonant Positive Position Feedback Controller (

IRPPFC

) has been introduced in this study. The proposed controller is composed of second-order and first-order filters, integrated into the targeted oscillator in nonlinear form. Then, the averaging equations governing the slow-flow dynamics of the coupled systems are deduced. Subsequently, the relevant nonlinear algebraic system, which characterizes the static bifurcation, is obtained. The effectiveness of the controller in eliminating system vibrations, controlling nonlinear bifurcations, and stabilizing the unstable motion is investigated through bifurcation diagrams, two-dimensional stability charts, and numerical simulations of the instantaneous vibrations. The conducted analyses approved that the

IRPPFC

not only can stabilize the unstable motion of the considered system, but also it can completely eliminate the self-excited vibration regardless of the forcing magnitude and excitation frequencies. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted to evaluate the control performance of the

IRPPFC

in comparison to previously utilized control techniques for vibration control in self-excited systems. The comparative results demonstrate that the

IRPPFC

exhibits superior performance in terms of vibration elimination efficiency, bifurcation control, and stability achievement. Finally, numerical validation corroborated our analytical findings, showing alignment with the analytical solution. Moreover, the simulation results demonstrated that the

IRPPFC

effectively mitigates undesired vibrations, reducing them to zero in a short transient period.
Effects of different carbides content and brazing process on the electrochemical behaviour of vacuum brazed WC-10Ni+NiCrBSi coatings
Authors: Zhu Jiawei , Liu Zhaolong , Yuan Hongtao , Zhou Hansen , Qiao Yanxin , Xu Xiangping , Zou Jiasheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study prepared a WC-10Ni/NiCrBSi composite coating on Q235 steel employing flexible coating cloth and vacuum brazing technologies. The surface hardness and corrosion resistance of the coating were characterised by the Vickers hardness, electrochemical, and micro-electrochemical tests. The results show that the corrosion resistance of the coating improved with the increase in cladding temperature. Moreover, with the increase in WC-10Ni content, the corrosion resistance of the coating decreased. Through transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis, it is shown that there is galvanic corrosion in the micro-zone corrosion, where the WC particles are protected as cathodes, and the hardness of the coating is not affected by electrochemical behaviour. Thus, the hardness of the coating is not affected when it is applied in a corrosive environment.
An incommensurate fractional order model for complex dynamics of viral infection with immunity
Authors: Dutta Hemen , Phukan Jyotiska 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with an incommensurate fractional order mathematical model for dynamic analysis of viral infection with immunity. The primary focus of the work is to explore stability analysis of this version of incommensurate fractional order model with harmonic mean type incidence function and fractional derivative in Caputo sense. First, well-posed ness of the model has been established by analyzing existence and uniqueness of the solution. In the next section, stability analysis of the equilibrium points has been caried out based on the basic reproduction number. Sensitivity analysis of the threshold parameter have been performed in the following sections. Finally, rigorous numerical simulations have been performed to support the theoretical findings as well as to observe the effect of various fractional orders and incidence function.
Achieving spatial superresolution with engineered spatial modes
Authors: Thachil Jerin A , Ramanan B , Kumar Ashok 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Rayleigh’s criterion sets a limit on the minimum separation between two incoherent point sources to be resolved into distinct objects. However, superresolution techniques have been developed to circumvent Rayleigh’s criterion. These techniques mainly deal with single parameter estimation and require prior information about the centroid. Here, we use multi-parameter estimation tools to simultaneously and optimally retrieve information about the centroid and object separation. Collective measurements on photons using two-photon interference followed by spatially resolved detection have significantly improved over direct detection schemes. Following the same approach, we extend the analysis of the two-photon interference protocol to spatially engineered photons having a Pearson type VII profile with arbitrary positive excess kurtosis. We calculate the precision limits in the current measurement scheme as well as the ultimate precision limits based on the quantum Cramer–Rao bound for different spatial modes. We theoretically show that such engineered pulses show enhanced precision with increasing kurtosis in simultaneous estimation of the centroid and object separation compared to a Gaussian amplitude profile. Furthermore, we discuss an experimental setup to realize the proposed superresolution scheme.
Analysis of quantum systems subject to inverse trigonometry Scarf plus Coulomb potential in N-dimensions
Authors: Özfidan Aysel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present approximate solutions of the N-dimensional Klein–Gordon equation in the presence of a superposition of inverse trigonometry Scarf potential and Coulomb potential through asymptotic iteration approach. With the purpose of dealing with the

l

N
−
1

-state, we use Greene-Aldrich approximation which is valid for the small values of the screening parameter. The analytical expressions for the relativistic energy eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions are established in hyperspherical coordinates. The normalized hyper-radial wavefunction is expressed in terms of hypergeometric and Jacobi polynomials. We analyze the dependences of the relativistic energy levels on the dimensions. We also discuss the effect of the screening parameter on the relativistic energy spectrum. The expectation values of inverse position

r

−
1

,

the square of inverse position

r

−
2

,

kinetic energy

T

and square of momentum

p

2

in N-dimensional space are reported using the Hellmann-Feynmann theorem. Discussing the special cases of the relevant potential, we show the accuracy of our results.
Towards optimal and robust f_nl constraints with multi-tracer analyses
Authors: Barreira Alexandre , Krause Elisabeth 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We discuss the potential of the multi-tracer technique to improve observational constraints of the local primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) parameter f

nl

from the galaxy power spectrum. For two galaxy samples A and B, the constraining power is ∝ |bB

1
bA
ϕ
- bA

1
bB
ϕ
|, where b
1 and bϕ
are the linear and PNG galaxy bias parameters. We show this allows for significantly improved constraints compared to the traditional expectation ∝ |bA
- bB
| based on naive universality-like relations where bϕ
∝ b
1. Using IllustrisTNG galaxy simulation data, we find that different equal galaxy number splits of the full sample lead to different |bB

1
bA
ϕ
- bA

1
bB
ϕ
|, and thus have different constraining power. Of all of the strategies explored, splitting by g-r color is the most promising, more than doubling the significance of detecting f

nl

bϕ
≠ 0. Importantly, since these are constraints on f

nl

bϕ
and not f

nl
, they do not require priors on the bϕ
(b
1) relation. For direct constraints on f

nl
, we show that multi-tracer constraints can be significantly more robust than single-tracer to bϕ
misspecifications and uncertainties; this relaxes the precision and accuracy requirements for bϕ
priors. Our results present new opportunities to improve our chances to detect and robustly constrain f

nl
, and strongly motivate galaxy formation simulation campaigns to calibrate the bϕ
(b
1) relation.
Higher-order Allan variance for atomic clocks of arbitrary order: mathematical foundation
Authors: Ishizaki Takayuki , Ichimura Taichi , Kawaguchi Takahiro , Yano Yuichiro , Hanado Yuko 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we perform a time-domain analysis of the higher-order Allan variance for atomic clock models of arbitrary order. Adopting a standard atomic clock model where the time series of the clock reading deviation is expressed as a Wiener or integrated Wiener process, we define the higher-order Allan variance as the mean squared higher-order difference of the clock reading deviation. The main results of this paper are threefold. First, we prove that the higher-order difference operation of the clock reading deviation, which can be interpreted as a linear aggregation with binomial coefficients, is not only sufficient but also necessary for a resulting aggregated time series to be an independent and identically distributed Gaussian process. Second, we derive a complete analytical expression of the higher-order Allan variance, which consists of both time-dependent and time-independent terms. Third, we prove that the higher-order Allan variance is time-independent if and only if the order of difference operation is greater than or equal to the order of the atomic clock model.
Integration and dosimetric validation of a dynamic collimation system for pencil beam scanning proton therapy
Authors: Nelson Nicholas P , Culberson Wesley S , Hyer Daniel E , Geoghegan Theodore J , Patwardhan Kaustubh A , Smith Blake R , Flynn Ryan T , Gutiérrez Alonso N , Boland Thibault , Hill Patrick M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. To integrate a Dynamic Collimation System (DCS) into a pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy system and validate its dosimetric impact. Approach. Uncollimated and collimated treatment fields were developed for clinically relevant targets using an in-house treatment plan optimizer and an experimentally validated Monte Carlo model of the DCS and IBA dedicated nozzle (DN) system. The dose reduction induced by the DCS was quantified by calculating the mean dose in 10- and 30-mm two-dimensional rinds surrounding the target. A select number of plans were then used to experimentally validate the mechanical integration of the DCS and beam scanning controller system through measurements with the MatriXX-PT ionization chamber array and EBT3 film. Absolute doses were verified at the central axis at various depths using the IBA MatriXX-PT and PPC05 ionization chamber. Main results. Simulations demonstrated a maximum mean dose reduction of 12% for the 10 mm rind region and 45% for the 30 mm rind region when utilizing the DCS. Excellent agreement was observed between Monte Carlo simulations, EBT3 film, and MatriXX-PT measurements, with gamma pass rates exceeding 94.9% for all tested plans at the 3%/2 mm criterion. Absolute central axis doses showed an average verification difference of 1.4% between Monte Carlo and MatriXX-PT/PPC05 measurements. Significance. We have successfully dosimetrically validated the delivery of dynamically collimated proton therapy for clinically relevant delivery patterns and dose distributions with the DCS. Monte Carlo simulations were employed to assess dose reductions and treatment planning considerations associated with the DCS.
Synergistic effect of ion-releasing fillers on the remineralization and mechanical properties of resin–dentin bonding interfaces
Authors: Xie Yimeng , Chen Ruhua , Yao Wei , Ma Liang , Li Bing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In modern restorative dentistry, adhesive resin materials are vital for achieving minimally invasive, esthetic, and tooth-preserving restorations. However, exposed collagen fibers are found in the hybrid layer of the resin-dentin bonding interface due to incomplete resin penetration. As a result, the hybrid layer is susceptible to attack by internal and external factors such as hydrolysis and enzymatic degradation, and the durability of dentin bonding remains limited. Therefore, efforts have been made to improve the stability of the resin-dentin interface and achieve long-term clinical success. New ion-releasing adhesive resin materials are synthesized by introducing remineralizing ions such as calcium and phosphorus, which continuously release mineral ions into the bonding interface in resin-bonded restorations to achieve dentin biomimetic remineralization and improve bond durability. As an adhesive resin material capable of biomimetic mineralization, maintaining excellent bond strength and restoring the mechanical properties of demineralized dentin is the key to its function. This paper reviews whether ion-releasing dental adhesive materials can maintain the mechanical properties of the resin-dentin bonding interface by supplementing the various active ingredients required for dentin remineralization from three aspects: phosphate, silicate, and bioactive glass.
Clinicopathologic characterization of cutaneous adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: A single tertiary care center experience in the United States
Authors: Modi Mitul B , Kiszluk Alexandra , Chai Jiani N , Edema Ukuemi , Ma Maxwell Y , Sica R Alejandro , Wang Yanhua , Shi Yang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare aggressive T-cell leukemia/lymphoma associated with human T lymphotropic virus type 1 infection. The patients might present with skin rash before, at, or after the diagnosis. The dermatopathologic finding might be diagnostically very challenging.

Methods
We retrospectively identified 110 patients with ATLL at a single institution in a 19-year period, with 19 patients having skin biopsies. Clinical, dermatopathologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings were studied.

Results
The cohort included 13 skin-first (5 acute, 5 lymphomatous, 2 chronic, 1 smoldering), 6 skin-second (4 acute, 1 lymphomatous, 1 smoldering), and 91 patients without skin biopsy. Some nonphotoprotected areas of body such as the forearm and lower lip were also seen. Skin manifestations included papular (5), erythroderma (1), nodulotumoral (3), plaques (1), patches (1), and a combination of skin rashes (2). Histopathologic findings included large pleomorphic cells, angiocentrism, epidermal infiltration with large Pautrier-like microabscesses, and folliculotropism. Fifteen (78.9%) cases showed CD4+/CD7–/CD25+. Next-generation sequencing study was conducted on 5 patients using either blood or bone marrow samples, revealing multiple genetic mutations across multiple signaling pathways.

Conclusions
Pleomorphic large, atypical cells with CD4+/CD25+/CD7– immunophenotype from a non–“bathing trunk” location, especially in a patient from endemic regions, raise suspicion for ATLL. T-cell receptor gene rearrangement is almost always positive, and the neoplasm usually demonstrates multiple mutations by next-generation sequencing study.
Characterizing Imbalance in the Tails of the Propensity Score Distribution
Authors: DiPrete Bethany L , Girman Cynthia J , Mavros Panagiotis , Breskin Alexander , Brookhart M Alan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Understanding characteristics of patients with propensity scores in the tails of the propensity score (PS) distribution has relevance for inverse-probability-of-treatment–weighted and PS-based estimation in observational studies. Here we outline a method for identifying variables most responsible for extreme propensity scores. The approach is illustrated in 3 scenarios: 1) a plasmode simulation of adult patients in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (2011–2015) and 2) timing of dexamethasone initiation and 3) timing of remdesivir initiation in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 from February 2020 through January 2021. PS models were fitted using relevant baseline covariates, and tails of the PS distribution were defined using asymmetric first and 99th percentiles. After fitting of the PS model in each original data set, values of each key covariate were permuted and model-agnostic variable importance measures were examined. Visualization and variable importance techniques were helpful in identifying variables most responsible for extreme propensity scores and may help identify individual characteristics that might make patients inappropriate for inclusion in a study (e.g., off-label use). Subsetting or restricting the study sample based on variables identified using this approach may help investigators avoid the need for trimming or overlap weights in studies.
Cooperation of an external carbonic anhydrase and HCO3– transporter supports underwater photosynthesis in submerged leaves of the amphibious plant Hygrophila difformis
Authors: Horiguchi Genki , Oyama Ryoma , Akabane Tatsuki , Suzuki Nobuhiro , Katoh Etsuko , Mizokami Yusuke , Noguchi Ko , Hirotsu Naoki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
HCO3– can be a major carbon resource for photosynthesis in underwater environments. Here we investigate the underlying mechanism of uptake and membrane transport of HCO3– in submerged leaves of Hygrophila difformis, a heterophyllous amphibious plant. To characterize these mechanisms, we evaluated the sensitivity of underwater photosynthesis to an external carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor and an anion exchanger protein inhibitor, and we attempted to identify components of the mechanism of HCO3– utilization.

Methods
We evaluated the effects of the external CA inhibitor and anion exchanger protein inhibitor on the NaHCO3 response of photosynthetic O2 evolution in submerged leaves of H. difformis. Furthermore, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis between terrestrial and submerged leaves.

Key Results
Photosynthesis in the submerged leaves was decreased by both the external CA inhibitor and anion exchanger protein inhibitor, but no additive effect was observed. Among upregulated genes in submerged leaves, two α-CAs, Hdα-CA1 and Hdα-CA2, and one β-carbonic anhydrase, Hdβ-CA1, were detected. Based on their putative amino acid sequences, the α-CAs are predicted to be localized in the apoplastic region. Recombinant Hdα-CA1 and Hdβ-CA1 showed dominant CO2 hydration activity over HCO3– dehydration activity.

Conclusions
We propose that the use of HCO3– for photosynthesis in submerged leaves of H. difformis is driven by the cooperation between an external CA, Hdα-CA1, and an unidentified HCO3– transporter.
Capsaicin indirectly regulates TRPA1 via the arachidonic acid cascade, resulting in TJ opening
Authors: Kanda Yusuke , Mukaiyama Minagi , Yamasaki Yohei , Usui Takeo , Nagumo Yoko 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Capsaicin induces the reversible opening of tight junctions (TJs) and enhances the delivery of hydrophilic macromolecules through a paracellular route. We previously revealed that TRPA1 is involved in the capsaicin-induced Ca2+ influx and TJ permeability increase, although there are no reports that capsaicin directly activates TRPA1. In this study, we investigated the upstream factors of TRPA1 using RNA-seq analysis, and found that the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) gene was upregulated by capsaicin. Cyclooxygenase 2 converts arachidonic acid (AA), a metabolite by phospholipase A2 (PLA2), to prostaglandins. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was stimulated by capsaicin, and capsaicin-induced Ca2+ influx was effectively inhibited by PLA2 and COX2 inhibitors. The AA-induced TJ permeability increase was inhibited by a TRPA1 antagonist, but the capsaicin- and AA-induced TJ permeability increases were hardly inhibited by a COX2 inhibitor. These results suggest that capsaicin-induced PLA2 activation and AA production are the important steps for the TJ permeability increase.