bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of metformin therapy and treatment with an allosteric luteinizing hormone agonist and chorionic gonadotropin on spermatogenesis in male rats with obesity
Authors: Derkach K. V. , Morina I. Yu. , Bayunova L. V. , Bakhtuykov A. A. , Didenko E. A. , Sorokoumov V. N. , Romanova I. V. , Shpakov A. O. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: In men, obesity is accompanied by a complex of metabolic and hormonal disorders, which leads to androgen deficiency and impaired spermatogenesis. Antidiabetic drugs, including metformin (MF), and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) agonists, which activate testicular steroidogenesis, can be used to correct reproductive dysfunctions. However, in diet-induced obesity (DIO), their effectiveness and mechanisms of action are poorly understood.AIM: In men, obesity is accompanied by a complex of metabolic and hormonal disorders, which leads to androgen deficiency and impaired spermatogenesis. Antidiabetic drugs, including metformin (MF), and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) agonists, which activate testicular steroidogenesis, can be used to correct reproductive dysfunctions. However, in dietinduced obesity (DIO), their effectiveness and mechanisms of action are poorly understood.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Obesity in male Wistar rats was induced by a 23-week diet enriched with saturated fats. MF treatment was carried out for 5 weeks at a dose of 120 mg/kg/day (orally), and the treatment with hCG and TP03 was carried out for 5 days at daily doses of 20 IU/rat (s.c.) and 15 mg/kg (i.p.), respectively. Using microscopy and histochemical analysis, the number and motility of spermatozoa (SP), the number of their defective forms and the morphology of the seminiferous tubules were assessed, and the levels of testosterone and other hormones in the blood were measured using ELISA.RESULTS: MF, hCG, and TP03 to varying degrees increased the number of SP and the proportion of their mobile forms, including those with forward movement, which were reduced in DIO rats, and also normalized the thickness of the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules and the number of spermatogonia and pachytene spermatocytes in them, but did not reduced the proportion of defective forms of SP, increased in DIO. In the case of MF, this was associated with the drug-induced normalization of body weight, glucose tolerance, and the insulin and leptin levels in DIO rats. The positive effect of hCG and TP03 on spermatogenesis was due to their stimulating effect on testosterone production.CONCLUSION: The use of long-term MF therapy and short-term courses of LHR-agonists normalizes impaired spermatogenesis in DIO, which indicates the prospects for their use to improve male fertility in obesity, and in the case of MF therapy, normalization of the metabolic and hormonal status is of great importance, while in the case of LHR-agonists the most important factor is their steroidogenic effect.
Karakteristik Mikroplastik Di Perairan Pulau Tengah, Karimunjawa
Authors: Salsabila Salsabila , Indrayanti Elis , Widiaratih Rikha 
Published: November 2023

Abstrak Mikroplastik merupakan partikel plastik berukuran mikro (<5 mm). Ukurannya yang kecil dan ketahanannya yang lama menyebabkan mikroplastik berbahaya jika terakumulasi di dalam tubuh makhluk hidup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasikan karakteristik mikroplastik yang berada di Pulau Tengah, Karimunjawa. Sampel mikroplastik diambil pada 12 April 2021 di 4 stasiun. Sampel air laut diambil menggunakan plankton net dan diukur parameter fisika dan kimianya. Sampel kemudian dilarutkan dalam larutan etanol 96%, H2O2 30%, selanjutnya disaring menggunakan vacuum pump untuk didapatkan partikel mikroplastik. Partikel mikroplastik diamati kelimpahan dan bentuknya menggunakan mikroskop stereo, lalu dianalisis jenis polimernya dengan alat FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan total mikroplastik yang terdapat di perairan Pulau Tengah sebesar 142,44 partikel/m3. Jenis mikroplastik dalam sampel air laut adalah fiber, fragment, film, dan pellets. Warna mikroplastik yang ditemukan adalah hitam, biru, merah, cokelat, kuning, tranparant, dan hijau. Hasil Uji FT-IR jenis polimer mikroplastik yang ditemukan adalah Nitril, HDPE, LDPE, PVA, dan PP. Mikroplastik berbentuk fragmen paling banyak ditemukan di semua stasiun, dengan kelimpahan 90,3 partikel/m3 dan mikroplastik berwarna hitam paling banyak ditemukan, dengan kelimpahan 74,1 partikel/m3. Mikroplastik yang berada di Perairan Pulau Tengah memiliki potensi untuk mengkontaminasi terumbu karang yang berada di sekitar perairan tersebut.Kata kunci : Pulau Tengah, Mikroplastik, Kelimpahan, FTIRAbstractMicroplastics are micro-sized plastic particles (<5 mm). Its small size and long durability make microplastics dangerous if they accumulate in the body of living things. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of microplastics in Central Island, Karimunjawa. Microplastic samples were taken on April 12, 2021 at 4 stations. Sea air samples were taken using a plankton net and measured physical and chemical parameters. The sample was then dissolved in 96% ethanol solution, 30% H2O2, then filtered using a vacuum pump to obtain microplastic particles. Microplastic particles were observed and their shape using a stereo microscope, then the type of polymer was analyzed by means of FTIR. The results showed that the total microplastic found in the waters of Central Island was 142.44 particles/m3. The types of microplastics in seawater samples are fiber, fragment, film, and pellet. The colors of the microplastics found were black, blue, red, brown, yellow, transparent, and green. The results of the FT-IR test of the types of microplastic polymers found were Nitrile, HDPE, LDPE, PVA, and PP. Microplastics in the form of fragments were found at all stations, with 90.3 particles/m3 and black microplastics were the most commonly found, with 74.1 particles/m3. Microplastics in Central Island waters have the potential to contaminate coral reefs around these waters.Keywords : Central Island, Microplastics, Abundance, FTIR
Studi Karakteristik Geospasial Daerah Senyap (Shadow Zone) Menggunakan Pendekatan MMPE (Monterrey-Miami Parabolic Equation) di Perairan Selat Sunda Bagian Selatan
Authors: Keninggan Khalif , Helmi Muhammad , Rifai Azis 
Published: November 2023

Selat Sunda merupakan selat yang berada di dalam ALKI (Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia) dimana kapal selam bebas melewatinya. Pada Selat Sunda terdapat daerah senyap, yaitu daerah bawah air yang tidak dapat dilalui gelombang suara. Sehingga Selat Sunda memiliki posisi strategis dalam segi militer dan keamanan negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan daerah senyap dan karakteristik geospasialnya di perairan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode MMPE (Monterrey-Miami Parabolic Equation) dengan data input berupa batimetri dan jenis sedimen. Data karakteristik termoklin dan haloklin sebagai validasi. Metode MMPE menghasilkan data dan informasi visual propagasi gelombang suara di dalam kolom perairan yang dapat diinterpretasikan sebagai daerah senyap. Riset ini menunjukkan daerah senyap di Selat Sunda bagian selatan berada di kedalaman 50-200 m dan panjang bervariasi dari 20-55 km dengan luas 265.2 hektar. Keberadaan daerah senyap sesuai dengan kedalaman termoklin yaitu 50-200 meter dan kedalaman dari haloklin yaitu 30-150 meter.Kata kunci: Shadow zone, sonar, geospasial, MMPE, Selat Sunda The Sunda Strait is located within Indonesia Archipelago Sea Channel, where submarines are free to pass through. The Sunda Strait has a shadow zone, which is an underwater area where sound waves cannot propagate. So that the Sunda Strait has a strategic position in terms of military and state security. This research aims to determine geospatial characteristics of shadow zone in Sunda strait. The MMPE (Monterrey-Miami Parabolic Equation) method uses bathymetry and sediment type as inputs of the program. The Characteristics of thermocline and halocline were used to validated f the results. The MMPE method provides visual information of underwater wave propagation, which is interpreted as a shadow zone. The results showed that using 5000hz frequency and 150 m sound source depth has provided the best information about the shadow zone. This research showed that the shadow zone waslocated at a depth ranged from 50 to 200 m and has a length that varies from 20-55 km with area wide 265,2 ha. The results also showed that the characteristics of the shadow zone directly influenced by the bathymetric condition of Sunda Strait . The location of the shadow zone corresponds to the depth of thermocline, which was 50-200 m and the depth of halocline, which was 30-150 m. It can be concluded that thermocline and halocline can affect the depth of the shadow zone and the characteristic as well.Keywords: Shadow Zone, Sonar, Geospatial, MMPE, Sunda Strait
Distribusi Sedimen di Pantai Seribu Ranting, Kecamatan Kedung, Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Dewantoro Tatih , Suryoputra Agus Anugroho Dwi , Setiyono Heryoso 
Published: November 2023

Pantai Seribu Ranting berada di Kecamatan Kedung Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Di sekitar pantai ini ditemukan rumah tinggal penduduk, memiliki wahana sebagai tempat memancing, dan memiliki destinasi menarik bagi wisatawan. Aktivitas daerah hulu sungai dan daratan memiliki kontribusi terhadap masukan sedimen, yang telah menyebabkan pendangkalan di Pantai Seribu Ranting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan distribusi ukuran partikel sedimen di Pantai Seribu Ranting. Metode penentuan ukuran partikel sedimen berdasarkan pengayakan dan pipeting. Penelitian ini dilakukan 18 stasiun pada bulan Februari 2022. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa jenis sedimen pasir adalah yang mendominasi. Jenis sedimen lainnya yang ditemukan yaitu lanau, lumpur pasir, dan pasir lanauan. Distribusi sedimen dipengaruhi oleh arus sepanjang pantai, yang merupakan arus pasang surut. Hasil analisis metode admiralty menunjukkan bahwa tipe pasang surutnya merupakn campuran condong ke harian ganda.AbstractSeribu Ranting coastal waters are located in Kedung District, Jepara Regency, Central Java. Around this beach, there are houses for residents, rides as fishing spots, and attractive destinations for tourists. Activities in the upstream and inland areas have contributed to sediment input, which has caused siltation in Seribu Ranting Beach. This study aimed to determine the distribution of sediment particle sizes at Seribu Ranting Beach. The method of determining the extent of sediment particles is based on sieving and pipetting. This research was conducted at 18 stations in February 2022. The results found that the type of sand sediment dominates. Other types of sediment found were silt, silt mud, and silty sand. The sediment distribution is influenced by longshore currents, which are tidal currents. The results of the analysis of the Admiralty method show that the tidal type is a mixed tidal type with a double daily tendency.
Discrete approximation of nonlocal-gradient energies
Authors: Braides Andrea , Causin Andrea , Solci Margherita 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We study a discrete approximation of functionals depending on nonlocal gradients.
The discretized functionals are proved to be coercive in classical Sobolev spaces. The key ingredient in the proof is a formulation in terms of circulant Toeplitz matrices.
The second nonlinear mixed Lie triple derivations on standard operator algebras
Authors: Rehman Nadeem ur , Nisar Junaid , Wani Bilal Ahmad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Let

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

be a standard operator algebra containing the identity operator I on an infinite dimensional complex Hilbert space

ℋ

{\mathcal{H}}

which is closed under adjoint operation. Suppose that

ϕ
:

𝒜
→
𝒜

{\phi:\mathcal{A}\to\mathcal{A}}

is the second nonlinear mixed Lie triple derivation. Then ϕ is an additive

∗

{\ast}

-derivation.
Protectionism and Gender Inequality in Developing Countries
Authors: Artuc Erhan , Depetris Chauvin Nicolas , Porto Guido , Rijkers Bob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
How do tariffs impact gender inequality? Using harmonized household survey and tariff data from 54 low- and middle income countries, this paper shows that protectionism has an anti-female bias. On average, tariffs repress the real incomes of female headed households by 0.6 percentage points relative to that of male headed ones. Female headed households bear the brunt of tariffs because they derive a smaller share of their income from and spend a larger share of their budget on agricultural products, which are usually subject to high tariffs in developing countries. Consistent with this explanation, the anti-female bias is stronger in countries where female-headed households are underrepresented in agricultural production, are more reliant on remittances, and spend a comparatively larger share of their budgets on food than male-headed ones.
Review on Helicobacteriosis Associated Diseases
Authors: Almashhadany Dhary Alewy , Mohammed Hero Ismael , Aljoborey Abdulmunem Dherar Abdullah 
Published: November 2023

Helicobacteriosis is a bacterial infection caused by Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori)(HP). which was discovered in 1982 by Australian scientists Barry Marshall and Robin Warren, who were later awarded the Nobel Prize in 2005.Epidemiological evidence has shown that H.pylori colonizes the upper gastrointestinal tract(GIT), and the infection is one of the most common human bacterial pathogens worldwide, with 4.4 billion infected individuals in 2015, but the prevalence varies according to situation and hygiene principles. Since this first isolation, it has become apparent that this organism may be one of the most common bacterial pathogens of humans, and it is one of the risk factors for adenocarcinoma. Thus, it was categorized as a group 1 carcinogen in 1994 by the World Health Organization (WHO). New infections with H.pylori are thought to occur as a consequence of direct human-to-human transmission, via either an oral-oral or fecal-oral route or both. H.pylori has been detected in stool, saliva, vomitus, and gastric refluxate, the material that has been subject to reflux, principally stomach acid that has leaked up into the esophagus. Clinically, H. pylori infection in humans is related to chronic gastritis, peptic ulceration, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer in addition to mucosa-associated lymphoid malignancies.According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates available at that time, it was supposed that about 4.4 billion infected individuals in 2015 were infected with H. pylori. These estimations can vary and are subject to change over time as recent investigations and information become obtainable. The prevalence of H. pylori is complex and affected by several factors, comprising age, clinical outcomes, geographical location, and socioeconomic status. A higher incidence was reported in unhygienic and economically poor areas; the rate of H. pylori infection in Africa, South America, and Asia was significantly higher than that in Western Europe, North America, and Australia. However, the disease spectrum of H. pylori infection shows a wide range of clinical aspects, including gastrointestinal diseases and extra gastric manifestations. In this review, we have described the general scope of these diseases.
Small bowel volvulus (SBV) due to multiple adhesion in the small intestine: A case report
Authors: Pranata Pradnya Gunadi , Made Kurniawan AS  
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Small bowel volvulus (SBV) is a rare but significant cause of small intestinal obstruction. Ischemia or even infarction is frequently the result. Morbidity and death rates rise when surgical intervention and diagnosis are delayed. Volvulus is a special form of mechanical intestinal obstruction. It happens when a loop of small intestine twists abnormally around the axis of its mesentery. An acute abdomen is a clinical presentation. The bowel itself may become constricted, strangulation of the blood supply, or both may be the source of the symptoms.
Case Description: A-49-year old female patient was delivered to the emergency department because of severe pain around her abdomen that lasted for one day with a bloated abdomen. Other symptoms she complained of were nausea, vomiting, fever and constipation since one day before hospitalization. She was transferred to the medical ward and initially diagnosed with abdominal pain due to severe dyspepsia. After four days, her complaints were not improved, and she was diagnosed with intraabdominal obstruction and decided to undergo an emergency laparotomy. During surgery, there was a small bowel volvulus due to multiple adhesion in the small intestine, which caused all of her symptoms. After total 8 days of hospitalization, the patient was finally discharged.
Conclusion: Diagnosing SBV can be difficult, especially if the sign of ileus obstruction is not yet fully developed. Early diagnosis and suspicion are pivotal in SBV because a delay in the surgical treatment can be disastrous.
Clinical and laboratory features of urinary tract infection in hospitalized children
Authors: Sutyandi Sang Ayu Prabha Amandari , Nilawati Gusti Ayu Putu , Mahakrishna Bagus Ngurah , Setiyawan I Made Karma 
Published: November 2023

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is a common infection in children and a significant problem in Indonesia. Epidemiological data in developing countries are not widely available. This study aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory features of UTIs in hospitalized children.
Methods: A retrospective study at a tertiary hospital in Denpasar–Bali. Children diagnosed with UTIs from January 1st, 2021–December 31st, 2022 were enrolled. Subjects are characterized based on age, nutritional status, and comorbidity. Clinical and laboratory features were described.
Results: There were 84 children diagnosed with UTIs. A total of 30 subjects (35.7%) were <1–year-old and mostly female (52.4%). Most subjects (47.6%) were well–nourished and had comorbidities (92.9%) from a non-kidney disease (65.5%). Eight (9.5%) of the 52 subjects had hypertension. The most common symptom in the < 1–year–old group was jaundice (50%). The predominant symptom in the 1–5–year–old group was also fever (71.4%). Localized symptoms in the > 5–year–old groups showed dysuria (38.5%), urinary retention (30.8%), and frequency (26.9%). Urinalysis showed 30 subjects (35.7%) with positive nitrites and pyuria (66.7%). Leukocytosis was found in 24 subjects (72%) with a median NLR of 1.8. Abnormalities found in imaging examinations were cystitis (19.2%), hydronephrosis (42.1%), and hydroureter (11.5%).
Conclusion: Age < 1–year–old, female, had comorbidities with predominant symptom was fever found in hospitalized UTIs. Half of the subjects had leukocytosis, abnormalities in urinalysis, and urology imaging. However, further research is needed to know the association and risk factors for UTIs in hospitalized children.
Five core areas to focus infection prevention and transmission risk breaches training based on quarantine staff orientation sessions: A qualitative study
Authors: Sheedy Angela Dawn , Fitzgerald Alison Claire , Black Diann Elizabeth , Scott Joy Antoinette , Rettie Fiona Mary 
Published: November 2023

Background & Aim: Breach awareness in relation to types, mitigation, and reporting should be a routine part of infection prevention training. Understanding breaches can reduce risk of disease transmission to staff and communities when contextualized to the infectious disease, environment, and situation. At a large-scale Australian COVID-19 quarantine facility, this study examined the core personal protective equipment and infection prevention breaches new quarantine workers identified during their site orientation to inform future breach training.
Methods & Materials: Through the application of a qualitative approach, the project implemented a descriptive thematic analysis to identify the different types of breaches staff presented. An additional summative content analysis method was applied to determine if the breaches staff identified were breaching and if the risk level staff allocated to the breach was mapped to the risk of disease transmission. Data were collected from 30 orientation sessions and included 603 breach risk responses for analysis.
Results: There were five core breach areas identified: donning and doffing of personal protective equipment, failure of personal protective equipment or lack of equipment, environmental factors, staff behaviors, and resident behaviors. The breach allocations by staff demonstrated knowledge deficits across health and non-health staff in disease transmission, particularly in the actual level of the risk for transmission.
Conclusion: Breaches awareness in relation to types, mitigation and reporting should be a routine part of infection prevention training. The five areas of breaches present an adaptable foundation to base infection prevention breach training for any health facility. When contextualised to the communicable disease, environment and situation, understanding breaches can reduce the risk of disease transmission to staff and communities.
Functional capacity and its associated factors in older adults in the rural area in Brazil
Authors: Costa Lima Eveline Fontes , Oliveira da Silva Ezequiel , Silva Fhon Jack Roberto 
Published: November 2023

Background & Aim: Aging leads to bodily changes and impairment of functional capacity in older adults. The objective was to analyze the association between socio-demographic and health data, cognitive impairment, and risk of sarcopenia with functional capacity in older adults enrolled in the Family Health Strategies in the rural area of the municipality of Picos, Piauí, Brazil.
Methods & Materials: This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study that was developed with 320 older adults attending the Family Health Strategies located in the rural area of Picos, Piauí, Brazil. The participants were people 60 years old, registered in the Family Health Strategies, and living in a rural area. Data was collected in the older adults’ homes using the following instruments: Demographic profile, Self-reported illnesses, Mini-Mental State Examination, Barthel Index, Lawton and Brody Scale, and SARC-F.
Results: It was found that 70% had cognitive impairment, 53.8% were at risk of sarcopenia, with a mean of 93.72 (SD=11.84) points for basic activities daily living, and 77.8% with partial dependence for instrumental activities daily living with a mean of 16.79 (SD=3.79) points. In the multivariate multiple regression, it was identified that there was an association between Basic Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living with age (p<0.001), number of children (p=0,025), education (p=0.003), monthly income (p=0.018), number of diseases (p<0.001), sarcopenia (p<0.001) and cognitive status (p<0.001).
Conclusion: A high prevalence of functional disability was identified in elderly people living in the rural area of ​​Picos, Piauí, Brazil. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to factors associated with dependence on daily activities.