bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weight loss enhances meniscal healing following transtibial pullout repair for medial meniscus posterior root tears
Authors: Hiranaka Takaaki , Furumatsu Takayuki , Yokoyama Yusuke , Higashihara Naohiro , Tamura Masanori , Kawada Koki , Ozaki Toshifumi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study investigated the impact of weight change on the success of transtibial pullout repair for medial meniscus (MM) posterior root tears (MMPRTs).MethodsThe study included 129 patients diagnosed with MMPRTs who had undergone transtibial pullout repair. The patients were screened between July 2018 and November 2021. Patient‐reported outcomes were assessed preoperatively and at 12 months postoperatively using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). MM extrusion (MME) and ΔMME (postoperative MME – preoperative MME) were calculated preoperatively and at 12 months postoperatively using magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsPatients were divided into weight loss (body mass index [BMI] decrease of at least 0.5 kg/m2 after primary repair; n = 63) and weight gain (BMI increase of at least 0.5 kg/m2; n = 66) groups. Both groups had similar demographic variables and preoperative clinical scores; patient‐reported outcomes significantly improved postoperatively. The weight loss group had significantly greater improvement in KOOS–quality of life (weight loss, 29.4 ± 23.7; weight gain, 23.9 ± 27.6; p = 0.034), lower postoperative MME (weight loss, 3.9 ± 1.7 mm; weight gain, 4.2 ± 1.2 mm; p = 0.043) and lower ΔMME (weight loss, 0.8 ± 0.8 mm; weight gain, 1.2 ± 0.9 mm; p = 0.002) than the weight gain group. Total arthroscopic healing scores (weight loss, 7.6 ± 1.0; weight gain, 7.2 ± 1.5; p = 0.048) and associated subscales, including anteroposterior bridging tissue width (weight loss, 4.0 ± 0.0; weight gain, 3.8 ± 0.7; p = 0.004) and MM posterior root stability (weight loss, 2.6 ± 0.7; weight gain, 2.4 ± 0.7; p = 0.041), significantly differed between the groups.ConclusionsWeight loss was associated with better meniscal healing and less MME progression after MMPRT repair, highlighting the significance of weight management in individuals undergoing meniscal surgery. These findings provide valuable insights into the clinical significance of weight loss in the success of transtibial pullout repair for MMPRTs.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Effect of partial surface waviness on the dynamic and stability performance of journal bearing
Authors: Bangotra Arun , Sharma Sanjay 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study presents the impact of full and partial surface waviness on the dynamic and stability performance of the journal bearing. The Reynolds equation is modified to account for the impact of surface waviness, and the lubricant domain is discretized using the Finite element method to obtain dynamic characteristics such as stiffness and damping coefficients and stability parameters, that is, threshold speed. Different wave numbers in the axial, circumferential and mixed directions are considered at variable wave amplitudes in different regions at an average eccentricity ratio of 0.6 to obtain the optimum values. The obtained results reveal that by application of waviness in the full region and partial waviness in the pressure‐reducing region on the bearing surface provides the enhanced value of stability parameter, fluid film stiffness and dynamic coefficients as compared to the simple journal bearing under the same working conditions.
Beat phenomena of oscillating readouts
Authors: Dillinger Hannes , Peereboom Sophie M. , Kozerke Sebastian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate slowly varying, erroneous magnetic field gradients for oscillating readouts due to the mechanically resonant behavior of gradient systems.MethodsProjections of a static phantom were acquired using a one‐dimensional (1D) EPI sequence with varying EPI frequencies ranging from 1121 to 1580 Hz on clinical 3T systems (30 mT/m, 200 T/m/s). Phase due to static B0 inhomogeneities was eliminated by a complex division of two separate scans with different polarities of the EPI readout. The temporal evolution of phase was evaluated and related to the mechanical resonances of the gradient systems derived from the gradient modulation transfer function. Additionally, the impact of temporally varying mechanical resonance effects on EPI was evaluated using an echo‐planar spectroscopic imaging sequence.ResultsA beat phenomenon resulting in a slowly varying phase was observed. Its temporal frequency was given by the difference between the EPI frequency and the mechanical resonance frequency of the activated gradient axis. The maximum erroneous, oscillating phase during phase encoding was ±0.5 rad for an EPI frequency of 1281 Hz. Echo‐planar spectroscopic imaging images showed the resulting time‐dependent stretching/compression of the FOV.ConclusionOscillating readouts such as those used in EPI can result in low‐frequency, erroneous phase contributions, which are explained by the beat phenomenon. Therefore, EPI phase‐correction approaches may need to include beat effects for accurate image reconstruction.
Rapid and accurate navigators for motion and B0 tracking using QUEEN: Quantitatively enhanced parameter estimation from navigators
Authors: Brackenier Yannick , Wang Nan , Liao Congyu , Cao Xiaozhi , Schauman Sophie , Yurt Mahmut , Cordero‐Grande Lucilio , Malik Shaihan J. , Kerr Adam , Hajnal Joseph V. , Setsompop Kawin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop a framework that jointly estimates rigid motion and polarizing magnetic field (B0) perturbations () for brain MRI using a single navigator of a few milliseconds in duration, and to additionally allow for navigator acquisition at arbitrary timings within any type of sequence to obtain high‐temporal resolution estimates.Theory and MethodsMethods exist that match navigator data to a low‐resolution single‐contrast image (scout) to estimate either motion or . In this work, called QUEEN (QUantitatively Enhanced parameter Estimation from Navigators), we propose combined motion and estimation from a fast, tailored trajectory with arbitrary‐contrast navigator data. To this end, the concept of a quantitative scout (Q‐Scout) acquisition is proposed from which contrast‐matched scout data is predicted for each navigator. Finally, navigator trajectories, contrast‐matched scout, and are integrated into a motion‐informed parallel‐imaging framework.ResultsSimulations and in vivo experiments show the need to model to obtain accurate motion parameters estimated in the presence of strong . Simulations confirm that tailored navigator trajectories are needed to robustly estimate both motion and . Furthermore, experiments show that a contrast‐matched scout is needed for parameter estimation from multicontrast navigator data. A retrospective, in vivo reconstruction experiment shows improved image quality when using the proposed Q‐Scout and QUEEN estimation.ConclusionsWe developed a framework to jointly estimate rigid motion parameters and from navigators. Combing a contrast‐matched scout with the proposed trajectory allows for navigator deployment in almost any sequence and/or timing, which allows for higher temporal‐resolution motion and estimates.
Toward accurate and fast velocity quantification with 3D ultrashort TE phase‐contrast imaging
Authors: Degenhardt Katja , Schmidt Simon , Aigner Christoph S. , Kratzer Fabian J. , Seiter Daniel P. , Mueller Max , Kolbitsch Christoph , Nagel Armin M. , Wieben Oliver , Schaeffter Tobias , Schulz‐Menger Jeanette , Schmitter Sebastian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTraditional phase‐contrast MRI is affected by displacement artifacts caused by non‐synchronized spatial‐ and velocity‐encoding time points. The resulting inaccurate velocity maps can affect the accuracy of derived hemodynamic parameters. This study proposes and characterizes a 3D radial phase‐contrast UTE (PC‐UTE) sequence to reduce displacement artifacts. Furthermore, it investigates the displacement of a standard Cartesian flow sequence by utilizing a displacement‐free synchronized‐single‐point‐imaging MR sequence (SYNC‐SPI) that requires clinically prohibitively long acquisition times.Methods3D flow data was acquired at 3T at three different constant flow rates and varying spatial resolutions in a stenotic aorta phantom using the proposed PC‐UTE, a Cartesian flow sequence, and a SYNC‐SPI sequence as reference. Expected displacement artifacts were calculated from gradient timing waveforms and compared to displacement values measured in the in vitro flow experiments.ResultsThe PC‐UTE sequence reduces displacement and intravoxel dephasing, leading to decreased geometric distortions and signal cancellations in magnitude images, and more spatially accurate velocity quantification compared to the Cartesian flow acquisitions; errors increase with velocity and higher spatial resolution.ConclusionPC‐UTE MRI can measure velocity vector fields with greater accuracy than Cartesian acquisitions (although pulsatile fields were not studied) and shorter scan times than SYNC‐SPI. As such, this approach is superior to traditional Cartesian 3D and 4D flow MRI when spatial misrepresentations cannot be tolerated, for example, when computational fluid dynamics simulations are compared to or combined with in vitro or in vivo measurements, or regional parameters such as wall shear stress are of interest.
Confidence maps for reliable estimation of proton density fat fraction and R2* in the liver
Authors: Tamada Daiki , van der Heijden Rianne A. , Weaver Jayse , Hernando Diego , Reeder Scott B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeThe objective was to develop a fully automated algorithm that generates confidence maps to identify regions valid for analysis of quantitative proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and maps of the liver, generated with chemical shift–encoded MRI (CSE‐MRI). Confidence maps are urgently needed for automated quality assurance, particularly with the emergence of automated segmentation and analysis algorithms.MethodsConfidence maps for both PDFF and maps are generated based on goodness of fit, measured by normalized RMS error between measured complex signals and the CSE‐MRI signal model. Based on Cramér‐Rao lower bound and Monte‐Carlo simulations, normalized RMS error threshold criteria were developed to identify unreliable regions in quantitative maps. Simulation, phantom, and in vivo clinical studies were included. To analyze the clinical data, a board‐certified radiologist delineated regions of interest (ROIs) in each of the nine liver segments for PDFF and analysis in consecutive clinical CSE‐MRI data sets. The percent area of ROIs in areas deemed unreliable by confidence maps was calculated to assess the impact of confidence maps on real‐world clinical PDFF and measurements.ResultsSimulations and phantom studies demonstrated that the proposed algorithm successfully excluded regions with unreliable PDFF and measurements. ROI analysis by the radiologist revealed that 2.6% and 15% of the ROIs were placed in unreliable areas of PDFF and maps, as identified by confidence maps.ConclusionA proposed confidence map algorithm that identifies reliable areas of PDFF and measurements from CSE‐MRI acquisitions was successfully developed. It demonstrated technical and clinical feasibility.
Developing communication strategies to engage a new generation of donors: Fostering relationships between Gen Z and non‐profit organizations
Authors: Parker Kimberly A. , Amegbeha Amissah Anne , Deffendall Matthew , Pfeiffer Samantha N. , Adams Madison , Clements Christopher , Scheuer Sylvia , Guay Madison , Abney David , Ribott Mark A. , Rahman Nadia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA current challenge for non‐profit organizations (NPOs) is attracting and retaining a new generation of younger philanthropic donors. As such, this exploratory focus group study examined how donor‐perceived barriers and motivators may inform NPOs' understanding of strategically approaching and motivating Generation Z (Gen Z; born 1996–2012) donations. More specifically, the findings revealed that the participants (1) experienced pseudoinefficacy as they felt their small donations would not make a difference. In addition, they felt (2) a general lack of trust toward NPOs regarding financial stewardship. Finally, (3) they wanted organizations to develop data‐driven narratives to share how funds were used to help the community. As such, the analysis and recommendations are rooted in Narrative Theory. Narrative strategies present a potential avenue for generating persuasion and fostering positive relationships between NPOs and emerging Gen Z donors.
Study on preparation, structure, and cooling properties of TiO2/acrylonitrile–styrene–acrylate terpolymer solar reflective nanocomposite
Authors: Amanizadehfini Farhad , Salehi‐Mobarakeh Hamid , Mahdavian Alireza , Jahanmardi Reza 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPreparation, characterization, and cooling properties of TiO2 /acrylonitrile–styrene‐acrylate (ASA) terpolymer solar reflective nanocomposites with various contents of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were investigated. The formation of nanocomposites was monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle measurements. The cooling features were characterized via ultraviolet–visible–near infrared (UV–vis–NIR) spectrophotometry and heat build‐up tests. FTIR spectra show the disappearance of the vinylic absorption peak at 1636 cm−1 of the modified TiO2 which signifies good chemical interaction between the poly (butyl acrylate) chains and the nanoparticles. DLS measurements revealed relative enlargement in the diameter of nanocomposite latex particles from 107 to 184 nm as the percentage of mineral nanoparticles increased. SEM and TEM analysis revealed the formation of a core‐shell morphology with an almost uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the polymer chains. Spectral properties details obtained using UV–vis–NIR spectrophotometry revealed that surface modification of TiO2 nanoparticles resulted in a more than 7% increase in solar transmittance compared to the raw form. Nevertheless, grafting a thermoplastic shell onto the acrylic core reduced the average solar transmittance from 81.92% to 55.32%. Incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles (up to 6 wt%) into the polymer matrix led to an 18.44% further decrease in solar transmittance compared to the neat ASA. Heat build‐up tests showed enhanced cooling of 10.2, 12.7°C, 13.4°C, and 14.2°C for 0, 2, 4, and 6 wt% of used nanoparticles, respectively.Highlights
In situ nanocomposites were synthesized through mini‐emulsion polymerization.
Chemical bonding formed between functionalized TiO2 and polymeric matrix.
ASA/TiO2 nanocomposite shields >56% of NIR light and 63% of solar light.
Nanocomposites reduced heat build‐up temperature by more than 14°C during indoor test.
The FAIRification of research in real‐world evidence: A practical introduction to reproducible analytic workflows using Git and R
Authors: Weberpals Janick , Wang Shirley V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTransparency and reproducibility are major prerequisites for conducting meaningful real‐world evidence (RWE) studies that are fit for decision‐making. Many advances have been made in the documentation and reporting of study protocols and results, but the principles for version control and sharing of analytic code in RWE are not yet as established as in other quantitative disciplines like computational biology and health informatics. In this practical tutorial, we aim to give an introduction to distributed version control systems (VCS) tailored toward the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reproducible) implementation of RWE studies. To ease adoption, we provide detailed step‐by‐step instructions with practical examples on how the Git VCS and R programming language can be implemented into RWE study workflows to facilitate reproducible analyzes. We further discuss and showcase how these tools can be used to track changes, collaborate, disseminate, and archive RWE studies through dedicated project repositories that maintain a complete audit trail of all relevant study documents.
Preserving traditional systems: Identification of agricultural heritage areas based on agro‐biodiversity
Authors: Bai Yunxiao , Li Xiaoshuang , Feng Yuqing , Liu Moucheng , Chen Cheng 
Published: January 2024

Societal Impact StatementWith the rapid development of modern agriculture and its reliance on high‐yielding and genetically uniform varieties, many traditional agricultural systems are gradually being abandoned. The genetic diversity contained in landraces is crucial for modern eco‐agriculture. An indicator evaluation model combined with machine learning could help to locate and conserve these existing traditional agricultural systems, called agricultural heritage systems (AHS). Here, this method provided the first map of potential areas of Tea‐AHS in China. These results could help policymakers to confirm priorities and rationally allocate conservation resources based on the distribution status and endangerment of AHS. This could also help local people to receive additional support for the transfer of germplasm resources and indigenous knowledge.Summary

Modern agriculture is overly dependent on high‐yielding and genetically uniform varieties, whereas traditional agricultural systems contain a large number of genetically diverse landraces and the indigenous knowledge associated with them. We call traditional agricultural systems that survive to the present‐day agricultural heritage systems (AHS). Under the impact of modernization, AHS are gradually disappearing. Identifying these systems is the first step towards conserving them, but the potential areas of AHS related to agro‐biodiversity are not yet clear.
Using Chinese tea as an example, this paper provides the first universal method for identifying potential areas of AHS based on agro‐biodiversity and the first map of potential areas of Tea‐AHS in China. The map is constructed based on the maximum entropy model (Maxent) of tea germplasm resources and related indicator functions and has been validated by existing Tea‐AHS in China.
The study identified 54 potential areas of Tea‐AHS. These potential areas are mainly concentrated in the southern region, in 15 provinces, including Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hubei, and Hunan. Mangshi, Qimen County, and Chaisang District are among the high potential areas for Tea‐AHS and are the next priority for exploration and conservation work.
We have verified the validity of the proposed method, which can help conserve the germplasm resources and traditional wisdom in the global AHS in a timely manner, and contribute to the development of modern and eco‐agriculture.
Light transmittance measurement method of solid rocket motor plume based on laser modulation spectrum analysis
Authors: Yang Bin , Ye Mingchun , Qiang Kejie , Tao Jinxin , Chen Sihua , Chen Jiahui , Wang Zhixin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe light transmittance measurement method, which is used to characterize smoke characteristic signal of solid rocket motor plume, can provide important reference for development and design of low smoke characteristic signal solid propellants and motors. The light transmittance measurement method of solid rocket motor plume based on laser modulation spectrum analysis is proposed in this paper. By using a 405 nm laser as the light source and a narrow‐band filter detection method, the influence of plume radiation on the measurement of light transmittance of solid rocket motor plume smoke can be minimized. Additionally, combined with the laser modulation spectrum analysis technology, the signal amplitude is selected by the laser modulation frequency to improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio of the signal. Compared with the laser constant current measuring mode, laser high‐frequency modulation measuring mode with spectrum analysis effectively improves the optical transmittance measurement accuracy. Based on this, a solid rocket motor plume smoke transmittance test system is developed to measure the plume smoke of standard test motors with different propellants and combustion chamber pressures. The results demonstrate that the system can effectively measure the light transmittance of the plume smoke. The light transmittance of solid rocket motor plume can be increased by reducing the aluminum content of solid propellant or increasing the pressure of the combustion chamber. Thus, this research provides an effective measuring tool for evaluating smoke concentration of solid rocket motor plume, which is beneficial to develop low smoke characteristic signal solid propellants and motors.
Cn, CnH and their anions: Quest for linearity with n≤8 even versus odd, and beyond
Authors: Varandas A. J. C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsing the concept of quasi‐molecule (“tile”) and the database of quasi‐molecules embedded on a parent molecule, it is discussed whether the latter can attain linear form or otherwise. Besides anew accurate optimization of all tiles (quasi‐triatomics) at various levels of ab initio theory and basis‐sets, the nature of the predicted stationary points for the title parent molecules is probed through a priori calculations here too reported. Also discussed is the common rule that even‐ anions are linear while odd‐numbered ones tend to have nonlinear isomers. The reported quasi‐molecule approach is general, and allow the prediction of linearity or otherwise of the parent systems prior to calculations on them. When based on an extension of the bisection method (Varandas, Int. J. Quantum Chem. 2023, 123, e27036.), it is easy to use even for large parent molecules, as illustrated for neutral and anionic carbon clusters with .
Software‐based method for automated intraoperative planning of Schoettle Point in surgical medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction: A comparative validation study
Authors: Privalov Maxim , Kordon Florian , Kunze Holger , Beisemann Nils , Vetter Sven Yves , Franke Jochen , Grützner Paul Alfred , Swartman Benedict 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to validate a software‐based planning method for the Schoettle Point and to evaluate precision and time efficiency of its live overlay on the intraoperative X‐ray.MethodsA software‐based method was compared with surgeons' manual planning in an inter‐ and intrarater study. Subsequently, K‐wire placement was performed with and without an overlay of the planning. The time used and the precision achieved were statistically compared.ResultsThe average deviation between the surgeons (1.68 mm; 2.26 mm) was greater than the discrepancy between the surgeons and the software‐based planning (1.30 mm; 1.38 mm). In the intrarater comparison, software‐based planning provided consistent results. Live overlay showed a significantly lower positioning error (0.9 ± 0.5 mm) compared with that without overlay (3.0 ± 1.4 mm, p = 0.000; 3.1 ± 1.4 mm, p = 0.001). Live overlay did not achieve a significant time gain (p = 0.393; p = 0.678).ConclusionThe software‐based planning and live overlay of the Schoettle Point improves surgical precision without negatively affecting time efficiency.