bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser assisted skin closure (LASC) by using a 815‐nm diode‐laser system accelerates and improves wound healing
Authors: Capon A. , Souil E. , Gauthier B. , Sumian C. , Bachelet M. , Buys B. , Polla B.S. , Mordon Serge 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate a 815‐nm diode‐laser system to assist wound closure to accelerate and improve healing process.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA total of 25 male hairless rats (mutant OFA Sprague‐Dawley rats, IFFA‐CREDO, L'Arbresle, France) with four dorsal skin incisions were used for the study. For each wound, the good apposition of the edges was obtained with buried absorbable suture. In the laser group, the laser beam was applied spot by spot through a transparent adhesive dressing along two incisions with the following parameters: 1.5 W; 3 seconds; spot diameter, 2 mm; fluence, 145 J/cm2. Both control wounds were closed with conventional suture techniques. The duration of the closure procedure was noted for each group. Clinical examination, histologic study, and measurement of tensile strength were performed at 3, 7, 15, and 21 days after surgery. Determination of activation of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) through immunocytochemistry was performed at days 1 and 7.ResultsLASC was 4 times faster to process than conventional suture: 1 minute 49 ± 20.6 seconds vs. 7 minutes 26 ± 62.2 seconds. In the laser group, healing was accelerated resulting in a more indiscernible scar than in the control groups. Histologic aspect was better with earlier continuous epidermis and dermis and a thinner resulting scar. Tensile strength was 30 to 58% greater than in control groups at 7 and 15 days (P < 0.001). Expression of Hsp70 was markedly induced in skin structures examined after laser exposure.ConclusionsThis study shows the ability of the 815‐nm diode‐laser system to assist wound closure leading to an acceleration and an improvement of wound healing with indiscernible resulting scar. The mechanisms of this phenomenon are still unclear but further investigations are in progress to attempt to explain them. Lasers Surg. Med. 28:168–175, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Illusions of marketing planners
Authors: Weber John A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe article highlights the risks of using self‐evaluation as a substitute for primary and secondary market research when designing and monitoring marketing programs. Included is a study of 110 management teams that suggests internally dominated marketing analysis may breed illusory evaluations of a company's own marketing programs versus competitors. If acted upon, such illusions could lead to oversights in developing marketing offerings. The overriding potential implication of the study addresses the allocation of a company's substantial marketing assets—most notably, the risks of bypassing secondary market data and primary market research when developing and evaluating marketing programs. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effects of consumer goals on attribute weighting, overall satisfaction, and product usage
Authors: Garbarino Ellen , Johnson Mark S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWith the use of field data from a live theater company, this article demonstrates that customers' goal orientation affects not only what information is used in assessing overall satisfaction, but also downstream measures of level of satisfaction and product usage. The study segmented the customers into four groups based on their goal orientations for the established arts goals of cultural enrichment and relaxation, finding that the different groups weigh the attributes of the service differentially in determining overall satisfaction based on each attribute's ability to fulfill their goals. Furthermore, customers whose goals match the organization's orientation give the product a higher evaluation and utilize it more often. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Induction of a bystander effect in HeLa cells by using a bigenic vector carrying viral thymidine kinase and connexin32 genes
Authors: Tanaka Toshiaki , Yamasaki Hiroshi , Mesnil Marc 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe previously showed that gap junction intercellular communication mediates the bystander effect in anticancer gene therapy with the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV‐tk) and ganciclovir. Because most cancer cell lines have lost their ability to communicate through gap junctions, we investigated whether we could induce such a communication by transferring a gene for a gap junction. We transfected a vector carrying the HSV‐tk (tk) and gap junction (connexin (Cx) 32) genes (Cx32+tk+) into noncommunicating HeLa cells. We compared the cytotoxicity of ganciclovir with mixtures of these cells and HeLa cells that expressed (Cx32+) or did not express (Cx32−) the Cx32 gene. The bystander effect was strong when the two mixed cell types expressed Cx32 (i.e., Cx32+tk+ cells and Cx32+tk− cells). Only 25% of cells survived in this communicating mixture, even when only 10% of the cells were Cx32+tk+. There was also a moderate bystander effect when the Cx32+tk+ cells were mixed with noncommunicating HeLa cells in a 50% ratio. These results demonstrated that the bystander effect is enhanced by Cx32 and suggested that expression of Cx in only one cell type in a mixture can cause a bystander effect. Mol. Carcinog. 30:176–180, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Packed capillary column solvating gas chromatography using neat water mobile phase and flame ionization detection
Authors: Wu Naijun , Tang Qinglin , Lippert J. Andreas , Lee Milton L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNeat water at temperatures above its normal boiling point was used as a mobile phase for packed capillary column chromatography. The “universal” flame ionization detector (FID) was used for detection. No restrictor or back pressure was imposed at the column outlet. The effects of temperature on column efficiency and retention were investigated using particle‐bonded continuous bed columns packed and crosslinked with 3 μm polybutadiene‐encapsulated zirconia particles. It was found that when the column inlet pressure was held constant and the temperature was increased to values that were higher than 100°C, the pressure drop decreased rapidly, allowing the use of long columns or small particles. Solute retention factors decreased with increasing temperature; however, column inlet pressure had little effect on retention factor. Mass transfer resistance also decreased with an increase in temperature. Mixtures of alcohols and phenols could be separated within several minutes after the interface between the column and the FID was optimized. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Micro Sep 13: 41–47, 2001
The option to change the use of a property when future property values and construction costs are uncertain
Authors: Gunnelin Åke 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper models the decision to change the use of a property when its value in the current use and the new use, as well as construction costs, are uncertain. In the case of development of vacant land, when cash flows and construction costs are lognormally distributed, the development of the property optimally takes place when the ratio of benefit to cost of development reaches some fixed level. In the redevelopment case, the timing problem is found to be more complex, as the cost of exercising the conversion option consists of two parts, the construction costs and the surrendered value of the property in the current use, which may evolve differently over time. In this case, optimal redevelopment will take place for different benefit–cost ratios, depending on the relative sizes of the property values in the different uses and the construction costs. Also, for a given current benefit–cost ratio, the option value will vary significantly, depending on the relative size of the state variables. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real estate and corporate valuation: an asset pricing perspective
Authors: Hiang Liow Kim 
Published: August 2002

AbstractProperty is a significant asset in the balance sheets of some Singapore industrial/commerce firms and hotel corporations. In this research, we take on the task of examining the relationship between real estate and stock market valuation of these business firms from an asset pricing perspective. Specifically, the real estate sensitivity of ‘property‐intensive’, non‐real estate stocks is investigated in both a three‐index (market, sector and property) of stock returns and in an arbitrage pricing theory (APT) framework. The APT model is further recast as a multivariate non‐linear regression model with across‐equation restrictions. Using weekly returns on ‘property‐intensive’ stocks in the period 1989–1998 and three shorter‐sample periods, iterated non‐linear seemingly regression techniques (ITNSUR) are employed to obtain joint estimates of stock sensitivities and their associated APT risk ‘prices’. The ‘real estate’ sensitivity is found to be systematic and priced in the APT sense of corporations being paid an ex ante premium for bearing property market risk in investing and owning properties in two of the three sample periods (1989–1991, 1992–1994). The empirical results provide some support that property is a factor in corporate valuation, and is broadly consistent with the efficient markets hypothesis. The implications for portfolio and corporate management are examined. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence of Parkinson's disease in Cantalejo, Spain: A door‐to‐door survey
Authors: Clavería Luis Erik , Duarte Jacinto , Sevillano Maria Dolores , Pérez‐Sempere Angel , Cabezas Carmen , Rodríguez Fernanda , de Pedro‐Cuesta Jesús 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe assessed the prevalence of Parkinson's disease in Cantalejo, Spain. In 1994, we screened 1,579 persons (age ≥ 40 years) using a high‐sensitivity method. Cases fulfilling established clinical criteria were followed for a minimum of 3 years. Prevalences were compared with those from other door‐to‐door surveys. We detected 27 individuals with parkinsonism, 20 of whom had Parkinson's disease. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease increased with age and, when age‐adjusted to European standards, was 9.01 per 1,000 (age 40 years and over; 10.78 in men and 5.23 in women). Of the 11 men, three were in Hoehn & Yahr grades III–IV, but six of the nine women were more severely affected. Overall, we found 18 newly diagnosed cases of parkinsonism, 13 of which were Parkinson's disease, and the majority of which were in men aged 80 years or older with a mean duration of illness of 5 years. Our prevalence figures are the highest reported, apparently because of the inclusion of several very elderly men. Parkinson's disease in Cantalejo is less severe in men than in women, particularly in those newly diagnosed. Despite the low numbers, the high prevalence and sex‐related pattern are unexplained but they probably relate to the high sensitivity of the screening method. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society
Genetic polymorphisms of superoxide dismutase in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Farin Federico M. , Hitosis Yolanda , Hallagan Sarah E. , Kushleika John , Woods James S. , Janssen Patricia S. , Smith‐Weller Terri , Franklin Gary M. , Swanson Phillip D. , Checkoway Harvey 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOxidative stress reactions may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The superoxide dismutases potentially play significant roles in PD by detoxifying superoxide radical. We developed genomic DNA and cDNA‐based sequencing assays to identify genetic variants in the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) genes. No genetic variants were detected in the gene encoding SOD1 in DNA from 45 idiopathic PD cases and 49 controls from a population‐based case‐control study. However, we identified a previously described polymorphism of the mitochondrial targeting sequence consisting of a C47T in exon 2 of SOD2, which results in an alanine to valine substitution. We analyzed this SOD2 variant in DNA from 155 cases and 231 controls from the same study, using an allele‐specific fluorogenic 5′ nuclease assay, and found no differences in the distributions of allelic frequencies. These results indicate that SOD gene variants do not contribute to PD pathogenesis. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Mirthful laughter induced by subthalamic nucleus stimulation
Authors: Krack Paul , Kumar Rajeev , Ardouin Claire , Dowsey Patricia Limousin , McVicker John M. , Benabid Alim‐Louis , Pollak Pierre 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHigh‐frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) improves the motor signs of Parkinson's disease (PD). The three main components (motor, associative, and limbic) of the cortical‐basal ganglia‐cortical circuits pass through the STN. It is not known whether STN stimulation can influence the limbic loop. We present two PD patients in whom acute stimulation of an electrode located in the STN using high stimulation parameters (50% higher than therapeutic) induced funny associations, leading to infectious laughter and hilarity, whereas the therapeutic parameters induced a hypomanic behavior and marked improvement of akinesia. Our report suggests that the STN, with its sensorimotor, cognitive, and limbic parts is not only involved in motor, but also in psychomotor regulation. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Motor imagery in Parkinson's disease: A PET study
Authors: Cunnington R. , Egan G.F. , O'Sullivan J.D. , Hughes A.J. , Bradshaw J.L. , Colebatch J.G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe used positron emission tomography (PET) with 15O‐labelled water to record patterns of cerebral activation in six patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), studied when clinically “off” and after turning “on” as a result of dopaminergic stimulation. They were asked to imagine a finger opposition movement performed with their right hand, externally paced at a rate of 1 Hz. Trials alternating between motor imagery and rest were measured. A pilot study of three age‐matched controls was also performed. We chose the task as a robust method of activating the supplementary motor area (SMA), defects of which have been reported in PD. The PD patients showed normal degrees of activation of the SMA (proper) when both “off” and “on.” Significant activation with imagining movement also occurred in the ipsilateral inferior parietal cortex (both “off” and when “on”) and ipsilateral premotor cortex (when “off” only). The patients showed significantly greater activation of the rostral anterior cingulate and significantly less activation of the left lingual gyrus and precuneus when performing the task “on” compared with their performance when “off.” PD patients when imagining movement and “off” showed less activation of several sites including the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) when compared to the controls performing the same task. No significant differences from controls were present when the patients imagined when “on.” Our results are consistent with other studies showing deficits of pre‐SMA function in PD with preserved function of the SMA proper. In addition to the areas of reduced activation (anterior cingulate, DLPFC), there were also sites of activation (ipsilateral premotor and inferior parietal cortex) previously reported as locations of compensatory overactivity for PD patients performing similar tasks. Both failure of activation and compensatory changes are likely to contribute to the motor deficit in PD. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Chemical control of phospholipid distribution across bilayer membranes
Authors: Boon J. Middleton , Smith Bradley D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMost biological membranes possess an asymmetric transbilayer distribution of phospholipids. Endogenous enzymes expend energy to maintain the arrangement by promoting the rate of phospholipid translocation, or flip‐flop. Researchers have discovered ways to modify this distribution through the use of chemicals. This review presents a critical analysis of the phospholipid asymmetry data in the literature followed by a brief overview of the maintenance and physiological consequences of phospholipid asymmetry, and finishes with a list of chemical ways to alter phospholipid distribution by enhancement of flip‐flop. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 22, No. 3, 251–281, 2002; Published online in wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/med.10009
On the numerical computation of blowing‐up solutions for semilinear parabolic equations
Authors: Fayyad D. , Nassif N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTheoretical aspects related to the approximation of the semilinear parabolic equation: $u_t=\Delta u+f(u)$\nopagenumbers\end, with a finite unknown ‘blow‐up’ time Tb have been studied in a previous work. Specifically, for ε a small positive number, we have considered coupled systems of semilinear parabolic equations, with positive solutions and ‘mass control’ property, such that:
\def\ve{^\varepsilon}$$u_t\ve=\Delta u\ve+f(u\ve)v\ve\qquad v_t\ve=\Delta v\ve‐\varepsilon f(u\ve)v\ve$$\nopagenumbers\end

The solution \def\ve{^\varepsilon}$$\{u\ve,v\ve\}$$\nopagenumbers\end of such systems is known to be global. It is shown that $$\|(u^\varepsilon‐u)(\, .\, ,t)\|_\infty\leq C(M_T)\varepsilon$$\nopagenumbers\end, \def\lt{\char'74}$t\leq T \lt T_b$\nopagenumbers\end
where $M_T=\|u(\, .\, ,T)\|_\infty$\nopagenumbers\end and $C(M_T)$\nopagenumbers\end is given by (6). In this paper, we suggest a numerical procedure for approaching the value of the blow‐up time Tb and the blow‐up solution u. For this purpose, we construct a sequence $\{M_\eta\}$\nopagenumbers\end, with $\lim_{\eta\rightarrow 0}M_\eta=\infty$\nopagenumbers\end. Correspondingly, for $\varepsilon\leq1/2C(M_\eta+1)=\eta^\alpha$\nopagenumbers\end and \def\lt{\char'74}$0\lt\alpha\lt\,\!1$\nopagenumbers\end, we associate a specific sequence of times $\{T_\varepsilon\}$\nopagenumbers\end, defined by $\|u^\varepsilon(\, .\, ,T_\varepsilon)\|_\infty=M_\eta$\nopagenumbers\end. In particular, when $\varepsilon=\eta\leq\eta^\alpha$\nopagenumbers\end, the resulting sequence $\{T_\varepsilon\equiv T_\eta\}$\nopagenumbers\end, verifies, $\|(u‐u^\eta)(\, .\, ,t)\|_\infty\leq{1\over2}(\eta)^{1‐\alpha}$\nopagenumbers\end, \def\lt{\char'74}$0\leq t\leq T_\eta\lt T_{\rm b}$\nopagenumbers\end with $\lim_{\eta\rightarrow 0}T_\eta=T_{\rm b}$\nopagenumbers\end. The two special cases of a single‐point blow‐up where $f(u)=\lambda{\rm e}^u$\nopagenumbers\end and $f(u)=u^p$\nopagenumbers\end are then studied, yielding respectively sequences $\{M_\eta\}$\nopagenumbers\end of order $O(\ln|\ln(\eta)|)$\nopagenumbers\end and $O(\{|\ln(\eta)|\}^{1/p‐1})$\nopagenumbers\end. The estimate $|T_\eta‐T_{\rm b}|/T_{\rm b}=O(1/|\ln(\eta)|)$\nopagenumbers\end is proven to be valid in both cases. We conduct numerical simulations that confirm our theoretical results. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the approximate solution of some two‐dimensional singular integral equations
Authors: Didenko V. D. , Silbermann B. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAn approximation method for a wide class of two‐dimensional integral equations is proposed. The method is based on using a special function system. Orthonormality and good interaction with fundamental integral operators arising in partial differential equations are remarkable properties of this system. In addition, all the basis elements can easily be calculated by recurrence relations. Taking into account these properties we construct a numerical algorithm which does not require additional effort (such as quadrature) to compute the values of the fundamental operators on the basis elements. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kinks and rotations in long Josephson junctions
Authors: Hauck Wolfgang 
Published: August 2002

AbstractKinks and rotations are studied in long Josephson junctions for small and large surface losses. Geometric singular perturbation theory is used to prove existence for small surface losses, while numerical continuation is necessary to handle large surface losses. A survey of the system behaviour in terms of dissipation parameters and bias current is given. Linear orbital stability for kinks is proved for small surface losses by calculating the spectrum of the linearized problem. The spectrum is split into essential spectrum and discrete spectrum. For the determination of the discrete spectrum, robustness of exponential dichotomies is used. Puiseux series together with perturbation theory for linear operators are an essential tool. In a final step, a smooth Evans function together with geometric singular perturbation theory is used to count eigenvalues. For kinks, non‐linear orbital stability is shown. For this purpose, the asymptotic behaviour of a semigroup is given and the theory of centre and stable manifolds is applied. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling and measuring the reflection and transmission of a silicon wafer in the X‐ and Ka‐bands under illumination of light in a closed waveguide structure
Authors: Hajian M. , Heijnen S. H. , Groen F. , Hakkert P. , Ligthart L. P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn the past two years, extensive research has been carried out at IRCTR (International Research Centre for Telecommunication‐Transmission and Radar) in order to analyze and model the reflection and transmission coefficients of a semiconductor, i.e., doped silicon, under illumination of light. It was found that the characteristics of the semiconductor material could substantially be changed once it is illuminated with light. This property of the semiconductor material can be used to realize a nonmechanical beam deflector that can form and scan a beam of millimeter‐wave (MMW) radiation at a rapid rate. The preliminary measurements in a closed waveguide structure show that there is a total reflection of MMW and microwave (MW) power after the laser is turned on. The laser light causes a considerable change in the equivalent conductivity of the silicon wafer, changing it from an insulator to a good conductor. The reflection and transmission are modeled using the S–T matrix of the total microwave network. There is a good similarity in the behavior of the theoretical and measurement results. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 31: 349–353, 2001.
Investigation of the wideband operation capability of Gilbert cell mixers
Authors: Cabuk A. , Yeo K. S. , Ma J. G. , Do M. A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe design of a low‐voltage low‐power wideband mixer for radio‐frequency applications is presented in this Letter. Two different input‐matching topologies are employed to see the effects of the matching on the mixer's wideband performance. The new strategy of midway matching is proven to be satisfactory for the wideband applications. Simulations are based on a 0.25‐μm CMOS process. A simulated SSB noise figure of 10.3 dB, a conversion gain of 9.4 dB, and a power consumption of 8.3 mW are among the main achievements. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 97–100, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10237
Reversed circular dichroism of isotropic chiral mediums with negative real permeability and permittivity
Authors: Lakhtakia Akhlesh 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNegative real parts of the permittivity and permeability lead an isotropic chiral medium to exhibit circular dichroism that is reversed with respect to that exhibited by an identical medium, the real parts of which have positive permittivity and permeability. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 96–97, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10239