bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Adalimumab Dose at Beginning Maintenance Therapy in Crohn’s disease Patients
Authors: Peng Xiang , Xu Zhao-yuan , Wei Ming , Yao Jia-Yin , Zhang Min , Zhi Min 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Adalimumab is used to treat Crohn's disease, but the high dosage is controversial.
Methods
In this retrospective study we compared patients with Crohn's disease who had not previously received or had received infliximab treatment with high doses (subcutaneously injected with 80mg of adalimumab every other week) and standard doses (subcutaneously injected with 40mg of adalimumab every other week). The primary outcome was 12th -week clinical remission rate with two different dosage regimens, while the secondary outcome included the time to treatment failure and the incidence of adverse events.
Results
144 patients had not used infliximab before and 86 patients had used infliximab before. In the infliximab-naïve group, there were no significant differences in the 12th-week clinical remission rate (78.0% vs 73.8%, OR 1.36, 95%CI 0.56–3.54, P = 0.509), and treatment failure for two regimens were similar (HR 0.49,95%CI [0.19,1.22], P = 0.123). However, in the infliximab-exposed group, the high dose of adalimumab provided a significantly higher clinical remission rate (72.7% vs. 47.6%, OR 3.31, 95%CI 1.28–8.57, P = 0.035,) and lower risk of treatment failure (HR 0.33, 95%CI [0.13, 0.85], P = 0.019), The incidence of adverse events was comparable between two regimens (34.1% vs. 29.7%, P = 0.556).
Conclusions
The high dosage of adalimumab doesn’t provide additional clinical benefits to infliximab-naïve CD patients with the standard dosage. However, it can increase the clinical remission rate and reduce the risk of treatment failure in infliximab-exposed CD patients, without increasing the incidence of adverse events.
A Novel Approach to Decision Making in Rice Quality Management using Interval-Valued Pythagorean fuzzy Schweizer and Sklar power aggregation operators
Authors: Khalid Usman , Binyamin Ahsan , Ali Jawad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Pythagorean fuzzy set is an extension of the traditional fuzzy set which offers an effective approach to addressing the complex uncertainty in decision-analysis processes, making it applicable across a broad spectrum of applications. Given the limitations of available facts, decision experts often face challenges in precisely defining the grades of belongingness (BG) and non-belongingness (NG) using crisp values. In such situations, opting for interval-valued belongingness and non-belongingness grades proves to be a suitable choice. This work uses the notion of power aggregation operators through Schweizer and Sklar (SS) operations to build aggregation operators for interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy (IVPF) sets. This paper introduces several aggregation operators within the IVPF framework, such as the IVPF SS power weighted average operator, the IVPF SS power geometric operator, and the IVPF SS power average operator. The existence of SS t-norms and t-conorms in the IVPF framework for addressing multi-attribute decision-making problems gives the generated operators the ability to make the information aggregation approach more adaptable compared to other current ones. The application of the proposed approach holds the potential to enhance crop yield, optimize resource utilization, and contribute to the overall sustainability of agriculture. Additionally, sensitivity and comparative analyses are provided to clarify the stability and dependability of the results acquired through this approach.
Performance, kinetic characteristics and bacterial community of short-cut nitrification and denitrification system at different ferrous ion conditions
Authors: Chang Ben-ze , Zhang Shuai , Chen Dong-zhi , Gao Kai-tuo , Yang Guang-feng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In order to explore the operation performance, kinetic characteristics and bacterial community of the short-cut nitrification and denitrification (SND) system, the SND system with pre-cultured short cut nitrification and denitrification sludge was established and operated under different ferrous ion (Fe (II)) conditions. Experimental results showed that the NH4+-N removal efficiency (ARE) of SND system was 97.3% on Day 5 and maintained a high level of 94.9%±1.3% for a long operation period. When the influent Fe(II) concentration increased from 2.3mg L-1 to 7.3mg L-1, the sedimentation performance, sludge concentration and organic matter removal performance were improved. However, higher Fe(II) of 12.3mg L-1 decreased the removal performance of nitrogen and CODCr with the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased to 30.28% and 19.41% , respectively. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes were the dominant phyla in SND system. Higher Fe(II) level of 12.3 mg L-1 increase the RA of denitrifying genus Trichococcus (33.93%), and the denitrifying genus Thauera and Tolumonas dominant at Fe(II) level of no more than 7.3 mg L-1.
Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metals in Wulongdong National Forest Park
Authors: chen xiaolong , Wong Cora Un In , Zhang Hongfeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
To find out the spatial distribution characteristics and pollution status of soil heavy metal content in Wulongdong National Forest Park.
Method
On the shady and sunny slopes, 3 altitude gradients of 900, 1000, 1069 m were selected respectively, and 6 sampling points were set up to collect soil samples in layers,The contents of 7 heavy metal elements in soil including Cr, Cd, Hg, Ni, Se, As, Pb were determined. Referring to the national background values of soil elements, the single factor index method, Nemerow index method and pollution load index method were used to comprehensively evaluate the pollution status of heavy metals in soil.
Conclusion
In the 0-20 cm soil layer of Wulongdong National Forest Park, three heavy metal elements, Ni, Cd and Hg, have reached the pollution level, among which Ni is slightly polluted, and Cd and Hg are moderately or above polluted. The soil on the sunny slope was slightly polluted by heavy metals, and the soil on the shady slope was not polluted by heavy metals.
The frequency of ctDNA with KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations in colorectal cancer is associated with the mutation site
Authors: Yoshimura Fumihiro , Yoshida Yoichiro , Yamada Teppei , Tanaka Keita , Hayashi Takaomi , Shimaoka Hideki , Kajitani Ryuji , Munechika Taro , Matsumoto Yoshiko , Sakamoto Ryohei , Aisu Naoya , Yoshimatsu Gumpei , Hasegawa Suguru 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Early prediction of metastatic risk after tumor resection for colorectal cancer (CRC) is critical to improve treatment outcomes. Although circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is an important biomarker in CRC patients, methods and cutoff values have not been clearly established. In this study, we examined the relationship between mutatnt allele frequency (MAF) and the genetic mutation site and factors that influence the prediction of recurrence by ctDNA. This study included 422 CRC patients who underwent surgery. ctDNA was sampled from blood samples of 102 CRC patients with KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutation and analyzed using the digital polymerase chain reaction system. Preoperative, postoperative day 1, postoperative day 7, and postoperative day 30 MAF was examined for each gene mutation sites. Kruskal–Wallis test revealed significant differences in MAF between mutated codon sites at all MAF assessment times (p < 0.001). The MAF values of KRAS codon 146 at all time points were significantly higher than for the other mutation sites. This study revealed that MAF values differed significantly depending on the site of mutation, even for the same gene. These results indicate that MAF cutoff values need to be established not only for each gene but also for each mutation site.
To What Extent Can Mastication Functionality Be Restored Following Mandibular Reconstruction? A Simulation Study
Authors: Aftabi Hamidreza , Sagl Benedikt , Lloyd John , Prisman Eitan , Hodgson Antony , Fels Sidney 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Advanced cases of head and neck cancer involving the mandible often require surgical removal of diseased sections and subsequent replacement with donor bone. During the procedure, the surgeon has to decide which soft tissues structures to resect (especially muscles). This requires balancing tradeoffs related to issues such as surgical access and post-operative function; however, the latter is often difficult to predict, especially given that long-term functionality also depends on the impact of post-operative rehabilitation programs. To assist in surgical decision-making, we present an approach to estimating effects of typical muscle resections on key aspects of post-operative function. We validate our dynamic biomechanical models of the reconstructed mandible using literature data and use these models to estimate the degree of functionality that might be achieved following post-operative rehabilitation. We find significant potential for restoring mandibular functionality, even in cases involving large defects. This entails an average trajectory error below 2 mm, bite force comparable to a healthy individual, improved condyle mobility, and a muscle activation change capped at a maximum of 20%. These results suggest that there is significant potential for improving post-operative rehabilitation to gain greater restoration of jaw function.
Emerging Trends in Federated Learning: From Model Fusion to Federated X Learning
Authors: Ji Shaoxiong , Tan Yue , Saravirta Teemu , Yang Zhiqin , Liu Yixin , Vasankari Lauri , Pan Shirui , Long Guodong , Walid Anwar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Federated learning is a new learning paradigm that decouples data collection and model training via multi-party computation and model aggregation.As a flexible learning setting, federated learning has the potential to integrate with other learning frameworks.We conduct a focused survey of federated learning in conjunction with other learning algorithms. Specifically, we explore various learning algorithms to improve the vanilla federated averaging algorithm and review model fusion methods such as adaptive aggregation, regularization, clustered methods, and Bayesian methods. Following the emerging trends, we also discuss federated learning in the intersection with other learning paradigms, termed federated X learning, where X includes multitask learning, meta-learning, transfer learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning. This survey reviews the state of the art, challenges, and future directions.
Women’s experiences and perceptions of the menstrual cycle on strength training performance – a conventional content analysis
Authors: Augustsson Sofia Ryman , Findhé-Malenica Anna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
During the menstrual cycle, hormones vary greatly and can affect physical performance during training. However, research regarding women's experience of strength training performance during the different phases of the menstrual cycle appears to be limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore women's experience and perception of strength training performance during the different phases of the menstrual cycle.
Methods
In this study, a qualitative study design was used where five women of childbearing age (24–32 years) with experience in strength training kept an exercise diary during a menstrual cycle. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using qualitative conventional content analysis, with an inductive approach.
Results
From the analysis, four overarching themes describing the content of the text emerged: “Varying mental and physical experiences in the early follicle phase", "Peak performance during the late follicle phase", "Breakpoint at ovulation" and "Varying mental and physical experiences during the luteal phase".
Conclusion
In conclusion, from the woman's perspective, performance in strength training seems to be dependent on the different phases of the menstrual cycle but the experiences vary between individuals. Thus, it may be important to be aware of the performance alteration during one’s individual cycle to best adapt the training. In addition, the results of this study highlight the need for a holistic approach in understanding and managing both the physiological and psychological problems that can occur during the different phases of the menstrual cycle.
Diagnostic value of corneal optical densitometry in keratoconus
Authors: Yang Min , Tian He , Xue Chao , Li Jing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the clinical significance of the correlation between optical densitometry and both biomechanical and morphological parameters in keratoconus and to verify the diagnostic value of optical densitometry in keratoconus.
Method
This cross-sectional study included 436 eyes of 251 patients with keratoconus. Corneal optical densitometry, morphological parameters and biomechanical parameters were measured. Spearman's correlation analysis was employed to investigate the association between optical densitometry and both biomechanical and morphological parameters.
Result
Optical densitometry of the anterior (0–2 mm and 2–6 mm), central (0–2 mm), posterior (2–6 mm) and total (2–6 mm) layers correlated positively with SPA1, while the posterior layer (0–2 mm) correlated negatively. Optical densitometry of the anterior layers 2–6 mm, 6–10 mm, and the central layer 6–10 mm negatively affected AL1, while the posterior layer 0–2 mm positively affected it. Optical densitometry of the anterior, central, and posterior layers 0–2 mm and 2–6 mm positively influenced morphological parameters K1, K2 and Km. Optical densitometry of the center (0–2 mm) and posterior (2–6 mm) layers negatively influenced TCT. Optical densitometry of the anterior (0–2 mm and 2–6 mm), center (0–2 mm), posterior (2–6 mm) and total (2–6 mm) layers correlated positively with ACE and PCE, whereas the posterior layer (0–2 mm) correlated negatively.
Conclusion
Optical densitometry was correlated with biomechanical and morphological parameters in keratoconus, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic indicator for assessing keratoconus progression and treatment efficacy.
Residues from the Fundão dam accident in Brazil and their effects on photosynthetic efficiency of two restinga plant species
Authors: Lopes Namir Gabriely Matos , Campostrini Eliemar , França Marcel Giovanni Costa , Silva Diolina Moura 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 2015, a breach in the Fundão Dam in Mariana (Minas Gerais State, Brazil) resulted in the release of contaminated tailings into the Doce River basin. This accident increased the concentrations of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), vanadium (V), and manganese (Mn) in the soil, posing a potential hazard to the physiology of native species. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) in Allagoptera arenaria and Guapira pernambucensis changed following this accident when tested under different precipitation regimes in relation to soil properties, and heavy metal absorption. Our research was conducted in the Environmental Protection Area of Conceição da Barra (APA) and the Comboios Biological Reserve (RBC) located in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, south-eastern Brazil. Five independent biological replicates of A. arenaria and G. pernambucensis were selected at each site for nutritional and chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis. Soil samples from APA and RBC had similar metal concentrations and physical properties. Five years after the dam rupture, A. arenaria had absorbed As, Pb, and V. The increased amounts of heavy metals absorbed did not significantly impair the OJIP curve configuration in both species during the evaluated periods. However, A. arenaria at RBC during the rainy season showed increases in the values of φR0, φP0, PITOTAL, and φE0. Cluster analysis indicated that ChlF in both species was more sensitive to variations in heavy metals within plant tissues. Then, ChlF variation indicated that A. arenaria and G. pernambucensis exhibited an acclimation strategy in response to increased absorption of heavy metals.
Industrial Product Surface Defect Detection via the Fast Denoising Diffusion Implicit Model
Authors: wang yue , Yang Yong , Liu Mingsheng , Tang Xiangtong , Wang Haibin , Hao Zhifeng , Shi Ze , Wang Gang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the age of intelligent manufacturing, surface defect detection plays a pivotal role in the automated quality control of industrial products, constituting a fundamental aspect of smart factory evolution. Considering the diverse sizes and feature scales of surface defects on industrial products and the difficulty in procuring high-quality training samples, the achievement of real-time and high-quality surface defect detection through artificial intelligence technologies remains a formidable challenge. To address this, we introduce a defect detection approach grounded in the Fast Denoising Probabilistic Implicit Model. Firstly, we propose a noise predictor influenced by the spectral radius feature tensor of image. This enhancement augments the ability of generative model to capture nuanced details in non-defective areas, thus overcoming limitations in model versatility and detail portrayal. Furthermore, we present a loss function constraint based on the Perron root. This is designed to incorporate the constraint within the representational space, ensuring the denoising model consistently produces high-quality samples. Lastly, comprehensive experiments on both the Magnetic Tile and Market-PCB datasets, benchmarked against nine most representative models, underscore the exemplary detection efficacy of our proposed approach.
Efficacy of lysostaphin-coated titanium plates on implant- associated MRSA osteitis in minipigs
Authors: Jaekel Carina , Windolf Ceylan D. , Bieler Dan , Oezel Lisa , Seiler Lars F. , Lakomek Felix N. , Beyersdorf Christoph , Mertens Jann , Steuwe Andrea , Windolf Joachim , Grassmann Jan P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose. The growing incidence of implant-associated infections (IAIs) caused by biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus in combination with an increasing resistance to antibiotics requires new therapeutic strategies. Lysostaphin has been shown to eliminate this biofilm. Own studies confirm the effectiveness in a murine model. The current study characterizes the effects of lysostaphin-coated plates in an IAI minipig model.
Methods. The femur of 30 minipigs was stabilized with a 5-hole plate, a bone defect was created, and in 20 cases methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus was applied. 10 animals served as control group. After 14 days, local debridement, lavage, and plate exchange (7-hole plate) were performed. 10 of the infected minipigs received an uncoated plate and 10 a lysostaphin-coated plate. On day 84, the minipigs were again lavaged, followed by euthanasia. Bacterial load was quantified by colony-forming units (CFU). Immunological response was determined by neutrophils, as well as interleukins. Fracture healing was assessed radiologically.
Results. CFU showed significant difference between infected minipigs with uncoated plate and minipigs with lysostaphin-coated plate (p=0.0411). The infection-related, excessive callus formation and calcification was significantly greater in the infected animals with uncoated plate than in animals with lysostaphin-coated plate (p=0.0164 / p=0.0033). The analysis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and interleukins did not reveal any pioneering findings.
Conclusion. This study confirms the minipig model for examining IAI. Furthermore, coating of plates using lysostaphin could be a promising tool in the therapeutic strategies of IAI. Future studies should focus on coating technology of implants and on translation into a clinical model.
Layer-specific hypoxic responses to spreading depolarizations in gyrencephalic swine cortex unveiled by photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Santos Edgar , Lopez-Navarro Juan M. , Suarez-Gutierrez Marcos A. , Holzwarth Niklas , Albiña-Palmarola Pablo , Kirchner Thomas , Hernandez-Aguilera Adrian , Fernandez-Amador Jose Antonio , Vazifehdan Farzam , Woitzik Johannes , Maier-Hein Lena , Sanchez-Porras Renan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are a marker of brain injury and have a causative effect on ischemic lesion progression. The hemodynamic responses elicited by SDs are contingent upon the metabolic integrity of the affected tissue, with vasoconstrictive reactions leading to pronounced hypoxia often indicating poor outcomes. The stratification of hemodynamic responses within different cortical layers remains poorly characterized. This study sought to elucidate the layer-specific hemodynamic changes in response to SDs within the gray matter of the gyrencephalic swine brain. To achieve this, we employed multispectral photoacoustic imaging (PAI) to estimate regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rcSO2%) changes consequent to potassium chloride induced SDs. Regions of interest were demarcated at three cortical depths covering up to 4 mm. Electrocorticography (ECoG) strips were placed to validate the presence of SDs. Through PAI, we detected 12 distinct rcSO2% responses, which corresponded with SDs detected in ECoG. Notably, a higher frequency of hypoxic responses was observed in the deeper cortical layers compared to superficial layers, where hyperoxic and mixed responses predominated (p < 0.001). This data provides novel insights into the differential oxygenation patterns across cortical layers in response to SDs, underlining the complexity of cerebral hemodynamics post-injury.
Maternal Serum Concentrations of Vitamin D Early in Pregnancy and Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study in Southern Sweden
Authors: Olstrup Henrik , Rylander Lars , Lindh 'Christian , Malm Gunilla , Vilhelmsson Andreas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this case-control study was to investigate the associations between maternal serum concentrations of vitamin D early in pregnancy and the occurrence of preterm birth.
Methods
The study included 269 women (cases) whose children were born preterm (< 37 gestational weeks [gw]) and 332 women (controls) whose children were born term (≥ 37 gw). Among the cases, 59 were extreme preterm (< 28 gw), 74 severe preterm (28‒32 gw), and 136 late preterm (33‒36 gw). All women gave birth in Scania, the most Southern County of Sweden. Concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D) in maternal serum collected early in pregnancy were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The serum concentrations of vitamin D were trichotomized based on the distributions among the controls (≤ 44.9; 45.0‒68.8; and ≥ 68.9 nmol/L) as well as dichotomized at a predefined cut-off (< 50 and ≥ 50 nmol/L). Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between vitamin D and preterm births, partly when all cases were included in the analyses, and partly when the three different case groups were included separately. The category with the highest vitamin D concentration was used as a reference in the regression analyzes. The analyses were performed without as well as with adjustments for potential confounders.
Results
When the category with the lowest vitamin D concentrations were compared with the reference category in the analyses where the vitamin D concentrations were trichotomized, no statistically significant associations were observed. However, among the extreme preterm an adjusted odds ratio of 1.93 (95% confidence interval 0.83‒4.48) was observed. The patterns were similar when 50 nmol/L was used as the cut-off.
Conclusion
Although all comparisons gave adjusted odds ratios in the direction that low maternal vitamin D concentrations early in pregnancy increase the risk of preterm birth, none of these were statistically significant. Accordingly, the present study gives no to very weak support for an association.