bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The clinical management of congenital absence of the uterine cervix
Authors: Rock John A. , Schlaff William D. , Zacur Howard A. , Jones Howard W. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractEight women with cervical atresia were evaluated and treated for symptoms of pelvic pain. Two distinct anatomic variations of cervical atresia were observed among these patients. A fibrous cord, with islands of endocervical glands, was noted in two patients surgically treated with the creation of a cervico‐vaginal fistula through the fibrous cord. Alternatively, a complete absence of the cervical stroma required a uterovaginal anastomosis in two women. One of the two women with the cervicovaginal fistula continues to menstruate. Both women, after the anastomosis, required additional surgery to maintain menstrual flow and ultimately received hysterectomy. Subsequently, four women with complete congenital absence of the cervical stroma were treated primarily with the removal of the uterine fundus. Although menstrual function may be maintained in patients with some cervical stroma, no pregnancies have occurred. Thus, removal of the uterine fundus remains the treatment of choice, relieving symptoms and avoiding additional surgery to maintain uterovaginal patency.
Left‐sided hydrothorax in connection with severe pre‐eclampsia case reports
Authors: Suonio S. , Saaranen M. , Saarikoski S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFour cases of left‐sided pleural hydrothorax in connection with severe pre‐eclampsia are reported. In addition an increased formation of ascitic fluid was observed in the patients. A long‐lasting bed rest in the left lateral recumbent position preceded the discovery of the roentgenologically verified pleural changes. Hypoproteinemia caused by the excretion of large amounts of protein in the urine seems to be a partial etiological factor aggravated by the renal retention of sodium and water. Pleural transudate disappeared spontaneously within two weeks from the delivery. In such cases, immediate diagnostic procedures, e.g. the exclusion of tuberculosis, are unnecessary. The authors think that the phenomenon is common in similar cases but usually remains undiagnosed.
Cesarean versus vaginal delivery in abruptio placentae associated with live fetuses
Authors: Okonofua F.E. , Olatunbosun O.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn order to test the relative effectiveness of cesarean section and vaginal delivery in mild abruptio placentae associated with live fetuses, 23 consecutive patients were delivered vaginally and 18 by cesarean section over an 18‐month period at the University of Ife Hospital in Nigeria. The perinatal mortality of the vaginal delivery group (52.2%) was significantly greater than that of those delivered by cesarean section (16.7%) (P > 0.02; <0.05; χ2 test). The 1‐min Apgar score test was also significantly greater than that of those delivered by cesarean section (P > 0.001). These differences have been attributed to the admission‐to‐delivery interval, which was significantly longer in the vaginal delivery group (12 h vs. 2 h). It is concluded that cesarean section is clearly superior to vaginal delivery in the management of abruptio placentae associated with live fetuses.
Factors influencing maternal survival in ruptured uterus
Authors: Megafu Uche 
Published: April 2004

AbstractRuptured uterus continues to be a common obstetric hazard in under developed countries. The commonest cause is spontaneous rupture from obstructed labor in the multipara. There was not a single rupture in the primipara. Rupture following previous cesarean section scar is also common. The most effective way of management is to correct fluid and blood loss followed by laparotomy and subtotal hysterectomy. This method gave a lower mortality than either repair and sterilization or total hysterectomy. Adequate pre‐operative resuscitation and time interval between rupture and operation also influences mortality rate. The experience of the surgeon is another vital factor in determining mortality rate.
Luteal phase defects in repeated abortion
Authors: Vanrell Juan A. , Balasch Juan 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFifty women with 2 or more previous first‐trimester abortions and 300 infertile patients underwent a luteal phase evaluation by basal body temperature, plasma progesterone, estradiol and prolactin determination, and endometrial biopsy (repeated in a later cycle when the first was defective).An endometrial luteal phase deficiency was detected in 15 (30%) of aborting patients. In 13 (26%) of these women the endometrial defect was associated to normal hormonal levels. This condition was only present in 36 (12%) of the infertility cases (P < 0.01).We conclude that the possible etiologic role of luteal phase defects in repeated abortion, is by a secretory insufficiency in the endometrial pattern despite normal plasma hormonal levels.
A case of single umbilical artery with various fetal anomalies: Correlations between prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis and autopsy
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Hata Kohkichi , Kitao Manabu , Tanaka Osamu 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe report a case of a single umbilical artery with various fetal anomalies, and a comparative study between prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis and autopsy was done. The prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis included, atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), mitral atresia or stenosis and a single great vessel. At autopsy, ASD, VSD, mitral atresia, overriding aorta and pulmonary atresia were evident. In case of other anomalies, the findings in the prenatal diagnosis and at autopsy were encephalocele, adrenal hypoplasia and a single umbilical artery. The ultrasonic detection of these anomalies is discussed and the limitations of this diagnostic method are given attention.
Sequential radiation changes in cytology of vaginal smears in carcinoma of cervix uteri during radiotherapy
Authors: Gupta S. , Mukherjee K. , Gupta Y.N. , Kumar M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe study deals with acute/immediate radiation changes in 2020 sequential vaginal smears in 101 patients of carcinoma of the cervix uteri, 97 were of squamous cell carcinoma and 4 of adenocarcinoma. The smears were collected after 12–14 days, 15–24 days and 25 days to 6 weeks following radiotherapy. The pretreatment vaginal smears were collected and examined for percentage of cancer cells. Subsequent smears were studied for radiation changes in benign and malignant cells, such as cell size, vacuolation of cytoplasm, multinucleation and nuclear changes, etc. A gradual and linear decline in cancer cells was observed until the end of therapy; 41.6% of patients had less than 10% cancer cells within 12–14 days of therapy, 63.4% of patients between 15 and 24 days and 74.6% after 25 days to 6 weeks following radiation. Eighty three percent of the patients attained zero level at the end of therapy.
Recurrent uterine myomata in three sisters — an uncommon occurrence
Authors: Kulenthran A. , Sivanesaratnam V. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThree sisters who developed recurrent uterine myomata from a very young age are presented. Despite repeated attempts at myomectomy, all three cases had hysterectomies ultimately. Complications encountered during surgery were severe hemorrhage, inadvertent injury to bladder and bowel in two patients and a rare complication of colonicuteric‐cutaneous fistula occurring post‐operatively in one patient. Histology of the final hysterectomy specimens in two cases showed low grade leiomyosarcoma and cellular myoma, respectively.
Experience with a new flexible hysteroscope
Authors: Marty R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis is a report of our experience with a new flexible fibroscope, the CHF P 10. We performed more than 50 diagnostic endoscopies and 28 operative procedures. It is extremely practical to perform diagnostic and operative procedures at the same time if necessary. The major advantages of the new fibroscope are its diameter (4.9 mm), flexibility and bendable tip (260° range). This permits a substantial decrease in cervical dilatation and use of anesthesia. Because of this, hospitalization costs decrease and the safety of surgical procedures is increased.
Serum lipids and lipoproteins in women with polycystic ovarian disease with different body mass index
Authors: Rojanasakul A. , Chailurkit L. , Sirimongkolkasem R. , Chaturachinda K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA study to determine serum lipids and lipoproteins in 54 women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) who had varying body mass index (BMI) compared to the normal regular menstruating women was carried out. All patients had similar hormonal profiles of PCOD and differed from the control group. The significant observations were high level of triglyceride and low percentage of alpha lipoprotein in obese PCOD. The BMI was positively correlated with serum triglyceride level, beta and prebeta lipoproteins but inversely correlated with high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, the low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio and alpha lipoprotein. No significant correlation between lipids, lipoproteins and testosterone levels was observed. It appeared that the alteration of serum lipids and lipoproteins in PCOD is due to the effect of obesity.
Infertility in Central Africa: Infection is the cause
Authors: Collet M. , Reniers J. , Frost E. , Gass R. , Yvert F. , Leclerc A. , Roth‐Meyer C. , Ivanoff B. , Meheus A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractDeterminants of infertility were studied in 340 women in Eastern Gabon, an area situated in the “infertility belt” of Central Africa. Fallopian tube occlusion was diagnosed in 82.8% of cases, showing the importance of infection‐related causes. Women with tubal occlusion did not differ significantly from women with normal tubes in obstetrical history or prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis on endocervical culture. Antecedents of pelvic inflammatory disease or a pelvic mass were significantly more common in the group with tubal occlusion. This group also had a significantly higher prevalence of serum chlamydial antibodies at a titer of 1/64 or higher. Hormonal factors were found in 31.7% of women, a cervical factor in 29.0% and mechanical factors in 5.6%. No diagnosis could be made in 12.2% of cases. During the investigation, 4.4% of women became pregnant. The predominance of infectious related causes of infertility makes it imperative to focus resources on prevention programs of upper genital tract infections in women.
Fentanyl‐midazolam‐flumazenil anesthesia for induced abortion
Authors: Hamar O. , Garamvölgyi Gy. , Kálmán A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA new anesthetic method (fentanyl‐midazolam‐flumazenil) was compared with a previously administered anesthetic regimen (pethidine‐diazepam‐ketamine) in two groups of 25 women, each of whom underwent termination of pregnancy. No significant difference was found between the two groups in quality of anesthesia. Recovery was assessed by means of the Aldrete score and a visual analog scale. The recovery time was significantly shorter in patients who received the fentanyl‐midazolam‐flumazenil.
Observations on molar pregnancy in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Egwuatu V.E. , Ozumba B.C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractForty‐one molar pregnancies seen at the University Teaching Hospital Enugu, Nigeria during the 10‐year period 1976–1985 are analyzed. The incidence of hydatidiform mole was 0.82 per 1000 pregnancies. The incidence of molar pregnancy was lowest among teenage women and increased markedly with advancing age over 35 years. Hyperemesis gravidarum, a relatively uncommon finding in Nigerian women during normal pregnancy was a prominent feature of molar pregnancy in the women. The incidence of postmolar gestational trophoblastic disease was 17%; choriocarcinoma occurred in 7% of the subjects. Molar pregnancy and postmolar malignant trophoblastic disease occurred much less frequently among the Igbo women of Enugbu than the Yorubas of western Nigeria. Earlier and better recognition and treatment of hydatidiform mole will probably result in a decrease in the high rate of complications found during this study.
Laparoscopic adhesiolysis for infertile patients with pelvic adhesive disease
Authors: Serour G.I. , Badraoui M.H. , El Agizi H.M. , Hamed A.F. , Abdel‐Aziz F. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThirty patients with secondary infertility were subjected to laparoscopic adhesiolysis during the period January 1986 to February 1987 at Al‐Azhar Endoscopy and Microsurgery Unit. Second look laparoscopy (SLL) was performed after a period of 9–12 months. At laparoscopy, pelvic adhesive disease was staged according to the severity of the disease and compared with the finding at SLL. Five patients defaulted, three patients (12%) became pregnant and 22 patients underwent SLL. Ten patients (45.5%) showed no recurrence of adhesions. This study suggests that laparoscopy has a role in adhesiolysis of mild and moderate adhesions and SLL provides further opportunity to relyse reformed adhesions in some cases.
Actinomycosis mimicking pelvic malignancy
Authors: Snowman B.A. , Malviya V.K. , Brown W. , Malone J.M. , Deppe G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPelvic actinomyces, usually a complication of an intrauterine device (IUD), is uncommon and may present a diagnostic dilemma because of an atypical clinical presentation. We present a patient with a cervical tumor, extensive parametrial induration with involvement of the posterior bladder wall, and regional lymph nodes which mimicked advanced cervical cancer and presented a significant diagnostic problem.
Culture of seminal fluid in infertile men and relationship to semen evaluation
Authors: Gregoriou O. , Botsis D. , Papadias K. , Kassanos D. , Liapis A. , Zourlas P.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBacterial flora of the seminal fluid and its influence on semen quality, was examined in 225 asymptomatic unselected men. Each semen sample was cultured aerobically, anaerobically, for genital mycoplasmas, and for Chlamydia trachomatis. Semen analysis was made according to standard methods recommended by the W.H.O. All 225 semen samples had microbial isolates. All isolates had colony counts of 102 colony forming units (cfu/ml). Thirty‐three cases had > 102 cfu/ml, 85 cases had > 103 cfu/ml and 78 cases > 105 cfu/ml. The most common organisms isolated were Ureaplasma urealyticum in 86 samples and C. trachomatis in 26 samples. The most frequent abnormal parameters were viability (117 of 212, 52%), motility (85 of 212, 40%) and number of sperm cells (74 of 225, 32.8%). No significant correlation was found between abnormal semen parameters and presence of U. urealyticum, and C. trachomatis. We concluded that asymptomatic bacteriospermia (infection) in the semen did not significantly affect the count, motility or morphologic features of the specimen.
The development and evaluation of a computerised antenatal questionnaire
Authors: Fawdry R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA computerised questionnaire, for convenience entitled “PAM” (Programmed Aid for use in Midwifery), was created for use at the time of first antenatal assessment. The system required simple direct input by the expectant mother; and in response to a short descriptive letter, 73.4% of 349 women were prepared to try the new method. The response of 100 consecutive women who tried the system was further analysed. Seventy women liked PAM, four disliked the technique and the remainder had no strong feelings. Asked by the midwife which they would prefer, 46 women expressed a preference for the computer questionnaire and only nine would rather have had a traditional interview with a midwife asking the same questions. PAM or similar systems provide a new opportunity, both for research and as a means of reliably decentralising the initial assessment of a pregnancy.
Fetal macrosomia and pregnancy outcome in Lagos
Authors: Abudu O.O. , Awonuga A.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn an analysis of 6376 singleton births the prevalence of macrosomia was 4.9%; the attending perinatal mortality was 58/1000 compared to 18/1000 in controls. Eighty‐three percent perinatal deaths occurred in unbooked patients after prolonged and neglected labor. Mortality and morbidity were weight related; the macrosomic baby delivered by section or by diabetic mother or that died was significantly heavier. There was strong association between maternal age, parity, diabetes, mild hypertension, previous history of a big baby and macrosomia in this study. Pregnancy was significantly prolonged with higher incidence of emergency sections and primary postpartum hemorrhage in mothers of macrosomic babies. Fetal sex does not appear to be an important factor in macrosomia.
Severe abruptio placentae — still unpreventable
Authors: Rai L. , Duvvi H. , Rao U.R. , Vaidehi  , Nalini V. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe management of abruptio placentae remains a problem, despite advances in medical science. This study analyses severity of abruption, resultant morbidity, and maternal and fetal mortality in 105 cases. Among the contributory factors, hypertension (44%) and grand multiparity (24%) were common. There was no maternal death among these cases, mainly because of liberal use of blood transfusion, prompt delivery, and careful fetal monitoring, but perinatal mortality remained high (73%). Factors responsible for this high perinatal mortality and its prevention are discussed.
Analysis of 20,291 deliveries in a Turkish institution
Authors: Ayhan A. , Yüce K. , Kisnisci H.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractData of 20,291 deliveries are presented; 6.85% (1389) of the patients were 19 years old or under and 6.24% (1276) were 35 or over; 7352 women had one child (primipara) and 1475 had five or more. Cephalic presentation constituted 94.2% of deliveries. The total induction rate was 9%. The incidence of prematurity and post‐term gestation was 13 and 7.2%, respectively. Prolonged labor was encountered in 4% of the patients. Anesthesia was employed in 65.8% of all deliveries. Total and primary cesarean section rates were 9.77 and 7%, respectively. The incidence of fetal mortality was 2.55% and congenital anomalies were seen in 1.53% of the infants. The birth weight was under 2499 g in 9.5% of the newborns. Pregnancy complications of different magnitude were encountered in 23.7% of the cases. Uterine rupture and inversion rates were 0.12% and 0.005% respectively. The maternal mortality rate was found to be 64.06 per 100,000 deliveries.
Risk factors for fever, endometritis and wound infection after abdominal delivery
Authors: Suonio S. , Saarikoski S. , Vohlonen I. , Kauhanen O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractRisk factors for postoperative fever, endometritis and wound infection were analyzed in 761 consecutive cesarean sections. Postoperative fever was observed in 12%, endometritis in 4.7% and wound infection in 3% of cases. The relative risk for postoperative fever was increased in cases with postoperative hematoma (relative risk = 16.0), in cases with blood loss over 500 g (relative risk = 1.8) and if the duration of labor exceeded 6 h (relative risk = 1.9). The only significant risk factors for endometritis were amnionitis (relative risk = 8.7), postoperative hematoma (relative risk = 5.0) and age under 24 years (relative risk = 3.0). Wound infections were less frequent in cases with previous cesarean sections (relative risk = 0.15) and after elective cesarean sections (relative risk = 0.22), but duration of operation over 1 h (relative risk = 2.8), induction of labor (relative risk = 3.2) and puerperal endometritis (relative risk = 7.9) increased the risk of wound infection. By elimination of amnionitis and postoperative hematomas the rate of endometritis would have diminished only from 4.7% to 3.8%, a percentage equally unacceptable; diagnostics and prevention should be directed to young patients undergoing caesarean section. Besides technical procedures prevention of endometritis is important for the prevention of wound infection. In hospitals with low postcesarean infectious morbidity antibiotic prophylaxis seems to be unwarranted.
Ectopic pregnancy in a defined Nigerian population
Authors: Makinde O.O. , Ogunniyi S.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAll cases of ectopic pregnancy in the Ile‐Ife teaching hospital between 1977 and 1987 were reviewed. The incidence per 1000 births was 4.76, and this condition accounted for 2.75% of all gynecological admissions. The associated mortality was low (0.5%). An increasing incidence was observed during the study period, as was an increasing proportion of nulliparous patients. Tubal damage from pelvic infections might account for the trends.
Prevention of hepatitis B infection in infants born to hepatitis B carrier mothers: low dosage vaccination
Authors: Theppisai U. , Thanuntaseth C. , Chiewsilp P. , Siripoonya P. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwo groups of newborn infants born to HBeAg positive carrier mothers were given HBIG (200 IU) immediately after birth. Subsequently, at age 2 days and at 1, 2 and 12 months, the first group received 5 μg and the second group 2 μg of HBV vaccines. There was no significant difference in the anti‐HBs seroconversion rate (SR), and the protective efficacy rate (PER) at the age of 13 months in either group. The SR and PER of group I were 91.7% and 90.18%, and group II were 92.9% and 91.01%, respectively. Although the significant differences were observed in the geometric mean titers of anti‐HBs in group I (526.3 mIU/ml) and group II (371.4 mIU/ml), both were above the protective level. The immune responses to the reduced dosage of HBV vaccines are satisfactory in preventing HBV in the newborn infants of HBeAg positive carrier mothers.
Plasma zinc and copper in pregnant Nigerian women at term and their newborn babies
Authors: Okonofua F.E. , Isinkaye A. , Onwudiegwu U. , Amole F.A. , Emofurieta W.A. , Ugwu N.C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe concentration of copper and zinc was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 26 normal Nigerian women at term and their newborn babies. Cord zinc was significantly greater than maternal zinc. In contrast, cord copper was lower than maternal copper. There was only a weak correlation between cord copper and maternal copper but none between cord zinc and maternal zinc. There was no correlation between maternal and cord zinc and neonatal birthweight. However, an inverse correlation was found between maternal and cord copper and neonatal birthweight. These results indicate that: (1) zinc has no effect on fetal growth in Nigerian women but (2) copper may have a negative effect on fetal growth.
Laparoscopy in the diagnosis of gynecologic chronic pelvic pain
Authors: Vercellini P. , Fedele L. , Molteni P. , Arcaini L. , Bianchi S. , Candiani G.B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractLaparoscopy was performed on 126 women with undiagnosed chronic pelvic pain. Abnormalities were demonstrated in 62.7% of the cases. Endometriosis was present in 32.5% of the women. Laparoscopy is useful in the differential diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain and is indicated when symptoms persist for over 6 months.
Ectopic pregnancy associated with tubal schistosomiasis in a Nigerian woman
Authors: Okonofua F.E. , Ojo O.S. , Odunsi O.A. , Odesanmi W.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy is presented. On histological examination of the fallopian tube involved, ova of Schistosoma haematobium were found in the submucosal and intramural parts of the tube. The case illustrates a rare preventable cause of ectopic pregnancy in this population.