bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water uptake as a fuel for soft actuators from cellulose
Authors: Lopes da Costa Lisa , Villares Ana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Water plays an important role in the properties of cellulose. In materials design, the water uptake of cellulose has been traditionally seen as a drawback, since water reduces mechanical resistance of paper and cardboard, and at high hydration, cellulose-based products are disintegrated. However, recently, the hydration of cellulose has been considered as an advantage to design water-responsive soft actuators. In Nature, water is the fuel for several plant functions that involve motion, such as the seed release or the plant protection from high temperature and radiation. Inspired by these natural systems, cellulose-based actuators have been designed to display different movements (bending, twisting, curling) in response to water. Biopolymer structuration inducing anisotropy within the system allows the asymmetric expansion of layers, which results in macroscopic movement. This review gives an overview of the soft actuators triggered by the hydration/dehydration processes of cellulose. We present representative examples of water-triggered natural actuators, which have inspired researchers to design anisotropic cellulose-based materials that develop controlled movement in response to water.
PPARα agonist fenofibrate prevents postoperative cognitive dysfunction by enhancing fatty acid oxidation in mice
Authors: Liu Tiantian , Chen Xinlu , Wei Ziqi , Han Xue , Liu Yujia , Ma Zhengliang , Xia Tianjiao , Gu Xiaoping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Due to high rates of incidence and disability, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) currently receives a lot of clinical attention. Disturbance of fatty acid oxidation is a potential pathophysiological manifestation underlying POCD. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a significant transcription factor of fatty acid oxidation that facilitates the transfer of fatty acids into the mitochondria for oxidation. The potential role of PPARα intervention in POCD warrants consideration.

Objective
The present study is aimed to investigate whether PPARα agonist fenofibrate (FF) could protect long-term isoflurane anesthesia-induced POCD model and to explore the potential underlying function of fatty acid oxidation in the process.

Methods
We established the POCD model via 6 h long-term isoflurane anesthesia in vivo with C57BL/6J mice and in vitro with N2a cells. Cells and mice were pretreated with PPARα agonist FF before anesthesia, after which fatty acid oxidation and cognitive function were assessed. The level of fatty acid oxidation-related proteins was determined using western blotting. The contextual fear conditioning test was utilized to evaluate mice’s learning and memory.

Results
Our results showed that 6 h long-term isoflurane anesthesia induced contextual memory damage in mice, accompanied by decreases of fatty acid oxidation-related proteins (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, and PPARα) both in the hippocampus of POCD mice and in N2a cells. In the N2a cell model, pretreatment of PPARα agonist FF led to the upregulation of fatty acid oxidation-related proteins. In vivo results showed that preconditioned FF reached similar effects. More crucially, FF has been shown to reduce cognitive damage in mice after long-term isoflurane anesthesia. Additionally, our data showed that after blocking fatty acid oxidation by Etomoxir, FF failed to protect cognitive function from long-term isoflurane anesthesia.

Conclusions
Pretreatment of PPARα agonist FF can protect against long-term isoflurane anesthesia-induced POCD by enhancing fatty acid oxidation.
Effect of ionic strength on DNA–dye interactions of Victoria blue B and methylene green using UV–visible spectroscopy
Authors: Rahman Faizan Ur , Khan Shahab , Rahman Maooz Ur , Zaib Rukhsana , Rahman Mudassir Ur , Ullah Riaz , Zahoor Muhammad , Kamran Abdul Waheed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Victoria blue and methylene green dyes have both been extensively studied due to their numerous applications, including their ability to bind to DNA. Dyes are very important in everyday life with applications in textile, cosmetics, food and pharmaceutical industries. It has been found that some of them adversely affect human health causing severe abnormalities. Among these abnormalities, cancer is of great concern due to its fatal and almost non-recoverable nature. In this work we have studied the binding of two dyes namely Victoria blue B (VBB) and Methylene green (MG) with double stranded DNA (Salmon sperm). The interactions were studied in the presence of different concentrations of buffer solutions at a constant pH. The selected dyes showed interactions with double-stranded DNA through intercalation and electrostatic modes. Upon increasing ionic strength of the buffer the binding constant (K

b
) value for MG was decreased whereas increased for VBB, which conclude that, at higher ionic strength (0.5 M) the DNA–MG interactions is lower and DNA–VVB interactions is maximum. The carcinogenicity of a given dye is indicated from its binding constants in the current study. Based on the recorded K

b
values of the selected dyes it was concluded that proper disposing and precautions should be taken while utilizing/dealing these dyes in order to minimize/avoid their impact on environment and human health.
USP3 plays a critical role in the induction of innate immune tolerance
Authors: Duan Tianhao , Feng Yanchun , Du Yang , Xing Changsheng , Chu Junjun , Ou Jiayu , Liu Xin , Zhu Motao , Qian Chen , Yin Bingnan , Wang Helen Y , Cui Jun , Wang Rong‐Fu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMicrobial products, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), can elicit efficient innate immune responses against invading pathogens. However, priming with LPS can induce a form of innate immune memory, termed innate immune “tolerance”, which blunts subsequent NF‐κB signaling. Although epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming has been shown to play a role in innate immune memory, the involvement of post‐translational regulation remains unclear. Here, we report that ubiquitin‐specific protease 3 (USP3) participates in establishing “tolerance” innate immune memory through non‐transcriptional feedback. Upon NF‐κB signaling activation, USP3 is stabilized and exits the nucleus. The cytoplasmic USP3 specifically removes the K63‐linked polyubiquitin chains on MyD88, thus negatively regulating TLR/IL1β‐induced inflammatory signaling activation. Importantly, cytoplasmic translocation is a prerequisite step for USP3 to deubiquitinate MyD88. Additionally, LPS priming could induce cytoplasmic retention and faster and stronger cytoplasmic translocation of USP3, enabling it to quickly shut down NF‐κB signaling upon the second LPS challenge. This work identifies a previously unrecognized post‐translational feedback loop in the MyD88–USP3 axis, which is critical for inducing normal “tolerance” innate immune memory.
Noaiwia
Authors: Lipovsky Caroline 
Published: November 2023

This article focuses on the linguistic landscape of Noaiwia, one of thirteen villages located on Nguna Island off the north coast of Efate, Vanuatu. It contributes to the understanding of the linguistic landscape of a small village in a previously undocumented rural setting in the understudied islands of Southeast Asia and Oceania. Using a corpus of photographs and detailed qualitative interpretation of the visual and verbal signs found around the village, the analysis first highlights the near absence of the island’s indigenous language in the public space. An analysis of the signage found at the school further suggests the exclusive presence and high status of the English language. A contrastive analysis also shows a different linguistic landscape from the one found in Vanuatu’s capital city Port Vila. Finally, the article looks at the presence of the Chinese language on a water tank, a reflection of China’s 21st Century Maritime Silk Road programme in the Pacific. The results are discussed in relation to the status of indigenous languages and Bislama, the islands’ lingua franca, language policy in education in Vanuatu, and language ideology in a globalised world.
Concluding remarks
Authors: Sloboda Marián 
Published: November 2023

Concluding this issue of Sociolinguistic Studies on the crossing of the urban-rural border or divide in Linguistic Landscape research, this article takes up the questions formulated in the opening contribution by Yao and Xu. It thus addresses communicative affordances of rural vs. urban spaces, and sign-making and sign usage in rural areas. Drawing on the findings of the four studies from the Asian Pacific and Oceania included in this issue as well as the work by Charles Goodwin, this article suggests that Linguistic Landscape research of rural areas could pay more attention to how social practices of people build on each other, reuse the material culture accumulated in an environment by their predecessors and in this way develop certain types of infrastructure for its population, which changes the nature of rural space.
FIRE RESISTANCE LIMITS OF WOOD DEPENDING ON IMPREGNATION TIME
Authors: Gazizov Asgat M. , Sadykova Alina M. , Sadykov Albert I. 
Published: November 2023

Due to the high demand for wood as a building material, there are many ways to improve its strength, physical and other characteristics. One of the most important factors in the sphere of fire and industrial safety of facilities in which wood materials are used is the study of increasing the fire resistance of this material. The most effective ways to improve the fire protection of wood are surface treatment with fire-retardant paints and enamels, as well as impregnation of the inner layers of wood with special compounds. The purpose of the work is to study the impregnation of wood with Pirotex, to analyze the effect of the immersion time of wood in a fire retardant composition on burning behavior and afterglow time. In the course of the studies, the average values of the first flash, afterglow duration and the combustion initiation, depending on the time of impregnation, expressed in seconds, were established. Based on these data, it is possible to interpret the conclusion about the need for wood impregnation for a certain amount of time. The result of the experiments carried out is the establishment of the most effective range of wood impregnation time. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the most qualitative result is obtained by impregnation from 8 to 24 h at a temperature of 26 ± 1 °С.
Phytochemical Screening and Profiling of Secondary Metabolites of Annona Muricata Bark
Authors: S Sudhashini , P Amudha , R Vidya , V Rani , S Satheesh Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Screening of phytochemicals is a precious stair in the detection of bioactive principles present in medicinal plants and may lead to novel drug discovery). In present study aimed to investigate the preliminary phytochemical screening, fluorescence, and spectroscopic characterization in Annona muricata bark. The qualitative analysis of aqueous, hexane, ethanol, hydro-ethanolic and methanol extracts of Annona muricata bark were investigated. Among the various extracts, the hydro-ethanolic extract of Annona muricata bark contains a higher concentration of phytochemicals than other extracts and is used for subsequent studies. Quantitative analysis revealed that the Annona muricata bark has contain significant amount of phenol, flavonoids, saponin, tannin and alkaloids were present. Histochemical analysis further confirmed the presence of phytochemicals in Annona muricata bark. UV-VIS spectral analysis we can confirm that the presence of tannins and flavonoids. FTIR analysis had confirmed the presence of alcohol, phenol, aromatic, carboxylic acid, and aliphatic amines. Results of the study concluded that rich source of phytochemicals in Annona muricata bark is responsible for their therapeutic effects. So, it is recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance and further studies are needed with these plants to evaluate their pharmacological potentials of the bioactive compounds responsible for their bio-activities and other medicinal values.
NON-LINEAR MODEL OF A RECUPERATIVE SHOCK ABSORBER
Authors: Novykov Anton , Slidenko Viktor 
Published: November 2023

This article examines the rationale for using a shock absorber with the function of recuperating mechanical energy into electrical energy. Current trends in the transport industry, regarding the need to use autonomous power sources in the transport infrastructure, are considered. This direction is promising due to the replacement of vehicles with internal combustion engines by electric transport, as well as the need for autonomous power supply of individual nodes and aggregates. The need for autonomy emerges acutely in the conditions of the energy crisis, and at the same time, the lack of energy resources. Special attention is paid to energy recovery using the direct and conversepiezoelectric effect. The structure, chemical and physical properties, principle of operation and practical application of piezoceramic transducers, and the possibility of their use as energy harvesters (generators) are considered. The considered scientific and technical problem, which consists in determining the nature of the negative impact of various types of external oscillations on the functioning of structural elements of vehicles, to reduce which various shock absorbers or dampers are used. This work considers the use of a recuperative shock absorber of vibration loads with the use of a piezoelectricenergy harvester as a converter of mechanical energy of vibrations into electrical energy. Piezoceramic inserts are used as an energy collector in the design of an automobile hydraulic shock absorber. An assessment of the efficiency of recuperation and conclusions regarding the feasibility of use and implementation are provided. The shock absorbers which are installed to absorb vibrations consume a large amount of mechanical energy, converting it into heat which is dissipated into the atmosphere. This energy, without reducing the efficiency of functioning, can be beneficially used by using a piezoelectric generator with piezoelectric ceramics to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Precision or Pitfall? Evaluating the Accuracy of ICD-10 Coding for Cemented Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Singh Vivek , Jolissaint Josef E. , Kohler James G. , Goh Megan H. , Chen Antonia F. , Bedard Nicholas A. , Springer Bryan D. , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) was adopted in the U.S. in 2015. Proponents of the ICD-10-PCS have stated that its granularity allows for a more accurate representation of the types of procedures performed by including laterality, joint designation, and more detailed procedural data. However, other researchers have expressed concern that the increased number of codes adds further complexity that leads to inaccurate and inconsistent coding, rendering registry and research data based on ICD-10-PCS codes invalid and inaccurate. We aimed to determine the accuracy of the ICD-10-PCS for identifying cemented fixation in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed all cemented primary THAs performed at 4 geographically diverse, academic medical centers between October 2015 and October 2020. Cemented fixation was identified from the ICD-10-PCS coding for each procedure. The accuracy of an ICD-10-PCS code relative to the surgical record was determined by postoperative radiograph and chart review, and cross-referencing with institution-level coding published by the American Joint Replacement Registry (AJRR) was also performed.

Results:
A total of 552 cemented THA cases were identified within the study period, of which 452 (81.9%) were correctly coded as cemented with the ICD-10-PCS. The proportion of cases that were correctly coded was 187 of 260 (72%) at Institution A, 158 of 185 (85%) at Institution B, 35 of 35 (100%) at Institution C, and 72 of 72 (100%) at Institution D. Of the 480 identified cemented THA cases at 3 of the 4 institutions, 403 (84%) were correctly reported as cemented to the AJRR (Institution A, 185 of 260 cases [71%]; Institution B, 185 of 185 [100%]; and Institution C, 33 of 35 [94%]). Lastly, of these 480 identified cemented THA cases, 317 (66%) were both correctly coded with the ICD-10-PCS and correctly reported as cemented to the AJRR.

Conclusions:
Our findings revealed existing discrepancies within multiple institutional data sets, which may lead to inaccurate reporting by the AJRR and other registries that rely on ICD-10-PCS coding. Caution should be exercised when utilizing ICD-10 procedural data to evaluate specific details from administrative claims databases as these inaccuracies present inherent challenges to data validity and interpretation.
Predictors Associated with Symptoms of Depression &amp; Anxiety during the COVID-19 Among MENA Immigrants in Houston, Texas
Authors: Zamil Jenna , Fatima Bilqees , Yazdanfard Sahar , Atrooz Fatin , Abughosh Susan , Salim Samina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Very limited knowledge is available regarding the mental health of the immigrant population in the United States. We aim to assess the factors affecting the mental health of immigrants living in Houston from war-inflicted and stable countries of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) origin during the pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted among the MENA immigrants using a validated survey of sociodemographic, general health, and COVID-19 questions. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed sociodemographic and clinical predictors of depression and anxiety. The outcome of interest was categorized as “moderate or severe” versus “minimal or mild” for depression and anxiety.
Results
Total of 94 participants completed the study, with the sample rate of "moderate or severe" symptoms of anxiety and depression being 29.78% and 64.89%, respectively. Multivariable regression analysis for depression showed that immigrants from war-inflicted countries of origin were less likely to report “moderate or severe” depression compared to immigrants from stable countries (OR = 0.082, 95%CI 0.012–0.551). Individuals with excellent overall health (OR = 0.074, 95%CI = 0.013–0.414) had a significantly lower likelihood of “moderate or severe” depression than those who reported fair/poor health. Nonsmokers (OR = 0.068, 95%CI = 0.012–0.377) were less likely to report “moderate or severe” depression in comparison to those who engage in smoking behavior. Participants who responded to the question that they tried hard to avoid thoughts of COVID-19 were less likely to have symptoms of “moderate or severe” depression compared to participants who responded, “No” (OR = 0.110, 95%CI = 0.017–0.712). Those who have” Excellent/Good knowledge” (OR = 0.0146, 95%CI = 0.022–0.946) about the prevention of COVID-19 spread were less likely to have “moderate or severe” depression compared to those who had “average/poor/terrible.”. Multivariable regression analysis revealed smoking as a significant predictor of anxiety, with non-smokers demonstrating a lower likelihood of experiencing "moderate or severe" anxiety than smokers (OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.06–0.84).
Conclusions
MENA immigrant communities in the US have diverse immigration experiences, cultural backgrounds, and instability issues in their home countries, possibly elevating the risk of depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 crisis. Predictors identified should be considered by policymakers when developing targeted interventions to ensure the mental and social well-being of immigrant communities in the US.
Wading Through Crises: The Lived Experiences of Social Work Students Through the Covid-19 Pandemic Wading Through Crises: The Lived Experiences of Social Work Students Through the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Oni-Eseleh Ohiro , McGuirk Shannon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This qualitative study explored the lived experiences of social work students through the Covid-19 pandemic. In the weeks following the detection of Covid-19 in the United States, educational institutions closed down on very short notice and administrators scrambled to develop plans that would ensure as little disruption as possible to faculty teaching and student learning. For social work students, the consequent developments were extensive, affecting learning in the classroom and field. Nineteen social work students at a university in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States were interviewed about their lived experiences during the pandemic. The findings revealed that students had significant concerns at the beginning of the pandemic, most of which abated with time because of decisions and adjustments made by university administrators, faculty and students. Field education produced extensive demands on university administrators, students and field agencies to innovate in ways that they had not previously prepared for. Furthermore, an overwhelming number of students developed new perceptions of their own abilities having successfully navigated the challenges and responsibilities of the period.
Effects of Mg Doping on Electrical Performance of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 Cathode Materials
Authors: Syahrial Anne Zulfia , Trouerbach Muhammad Farhan Firdaus 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The electrical and structural performance of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC 811) is analyzed with the doping of magnesium using a solution combustion synthesis (SCS) procedure with precursors LiNO3, Ni(NO)3.6H2O, Mn(NO3)2.4H2O, and Co(NO3)2.6H2O. The doping was done with stoichiometric calculation for the addition of MgCl2.6H2O. The reactants were dissolved in still water and stirred using a hot plate magnetic stirrer at room temperature. After fully dissolved, the solution is heated at 185oC for 2-3 hours for the solution combustion to occur. After the product was obtained, the NMC 811 powder was calcined at 800oC for 4 hours to obtain a fine powder. The synthesized powder morphology was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with an obtained surface area of 4.3 μm. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) was further employed to identify the crystal structure of the powder showing changes in microstructure in the presence of lithium nickel oxide (LNO) as a contaminant. To measure the resistance and determine how it affected the cathode's electrical conductivity, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was utilized. The outcomes demonstrated that adding a certain quantity of magnesium might improve the NMC 811's electrical conductivity. An investigation using cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed multiple oxidation-reduction peaks as a sign of contamination.