bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: Impact of genomic instability in risk assessment and chemoprevention of oral premalignancies
Authors: Reith Albrecht , Sudbø Jon 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRetraction: The following article from International Journal of Cancer, “Impact of genomic instability in risk assessment and chemoprevention of oral premalignancies”, by Albrecht Reith and Jon Sudbø, published online in Wiley InterScience (http://www3.interscience.wiley.com) on 31 July 2002 and in Volume 101, Number 3, pages 205‐209, has been retracted by agreement among author Albrecht Reith, the journal Editor in Chief, Peter Lichter, and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation conducted by the Rikshospitalet‐Radiumhospitalet MC and the University of Oslo into the work carried out by Jon Sudbø.
Monensin‐mediated growth inhibition in acute myelogenous leukemia cells via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
Authors: Park Woo H. , Lee Myung S. , Park Keunchil , Kim Eun S. , Kim Byoung K. , Lee Young Y. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMonensin, an Na+ ionophore, regulates many cellular functions including apoptosis. However, there has been no report about the antitumoral effect of monensin on acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Here, we investigated the antiproliferative effect of monensin on AML cells in vitro and in vivo. Monensin efficiently inhibited the proliferation of all of 10 AML cell lines, with IC50 of about 0.5 μM. DNA flow cytometric analysis indicated that monensin induced a G1 and/or a G2‐M phase arrest in these cell lines. To address the mechanism of the antiproliferative effect of monensin, we examined the effect of monensin on cell cycle‐related proteins in HL‐60 cells. The levels of CDK6, cyclin D1 and cyclin A were decreased. In addition, monensin not only increased the p27 level but also enhanced its binding with CDK2. Furthermore, the activities of CDK2‐ and CDK6‐associated kinases reduced by monensin were associated with hypophosphorylation of Rb protein. Monensin also induced apoptosis in AML cells including HL‐60 cells. The apoptotic process of HL‐60 cells was associated with changes in Bax, caspase‐3, caspase‐8 and mitochondria transmembrane potential (Δψm). In particular, monensin (i.p. at a dose of 8 mg/kg thrice weekly) significantly reduced the tumor size of BALB/c mice that were inoculated s.c. with its derived cell line, WEHI‐3BD cells (69% growth inhibition relative to control group; p < 0.05). Tumors from monensin‐treated mice exhibited increased apoptosis, and these tumor were immunohistochemically more stained with Bax, Fas and p53 antibodies than control tumors. In conclusion, this is the first report that monensin potently inhibits the proliferation of AML cells. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intratumoral injection of dendritic cells after treatment of anticancer drugs induces tumor‐specific antitumor effect in vivo
Authors: Tanaka Fumiaki , Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Ohta Mitsuhiko , Mashino Kohjiro , Sonoda Hideto , Sadanaga Noriaki , Inoue Hiroshi , Mori Masaki 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe investigated the in vivo antitumor effects of intratumoral (i.t.) administration of dendritic cells (DC) after low‐dose chemotherapy using cisplatin + 5‐FU. Combination of i.t. injection of DC and systemic chemotherapy induced complete rejection of the treated tumor, MC38 murine adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the antitumor effects were also observed on a distant tumor inoculated in the contralateral flank of the animal. When 10× the number of tumor cells were inoculated, the antitumor effect of the combination of DC after chemotherapy was also confirmed and in comparison to that of DC or chemotherapy alone, thereafter contributed to a greater prolongation of survival. To analyze the mechanisms of the systemic antitumor effect generated in this system, we assessed the cytolytic activity against inoculated tumors. The cytolytic activity of effector cells from treated animals was shown to be tumor‐specific and was mainly CD8 and MHC Class‐I (p < 0.01) restricted. CD4 and MHC Class‐II treatment marginally inhibited the cytolytic activity but not significantly (p = 0.07, 0.08 respectively). The cytolysis of effector cells was enhanced more significantly by the treatment of both DC and chemotherapy, than that of either DC or chemotherapy alone. Our study suggests that the strategy of i.t. injection of DC after low‐dose chemotherapy could be a powerful weapon to treat patients with cancer in the clinical settings. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p53 status correlates with the differential expression of the DNA mismatch repair protein MSH2 in non‐small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Xinarianos George , Liloglou Triantafillos , Prime Wendy , Sourvinos George , Karachristos Andreas , Gosney John R. , Spandidos Demetrios A. , Field John K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe examined the p53 status of 108 NSCLCs compared to the expression of MLH1 and MSH2 proteins. p53 overexpression was demonstrated by IHC in 64% of patients examined, whereas p53 mutations were detected in 43%. Twenty‐two percent of mutations were located outside of the hot‐spot (exons 5–8) area. p53 mutations and overexpression were more frequent in SCCL (57% and 73%, respectively) than in lung adenocarcinomas (22% and 50%, respectively). In NSCLC‐carrying wild‐type p53, increased expression of MSH2 correlated with p53 overexpression (p = 0.018). In addition, in SCCL, p53 mutations correlated with reduced MSH2 expression (p = 0.019). These data suggest a relationship between p53 and MSH2. While there is evidence for p53 being a transcriptional activator of MSH2, the hypothesis that MSH2 acts as a DNA‐damage signaller triggering p53 overexpression needs to be clarified in future studies. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Viruses and Hodgkin disease: No evidence of novel herpesviruses in non‐EBV‐associated lesions
Authors: Gallagher Alice , Perry Jacqueline , Shield Lesley , Freeland June , MacKenzie Jane , Jarrett Ruth F. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a proportion of cases of Hodgkin disease (HD) and this association is believed to be causal. Epidemiological studies suggest that an infectious agent is involved in the aetiology of young adult HD, however, cases in this age group are less likely to have EBV‐associated disease than cases diagnosed in early childhood or older adult years. Molecular studies have failed to find a consistent association between HD and other candidate viruses, and the aetiology of non‐EBV‐associated cases remains obscure. We looked for evidence of herpesvirus infection in samples of non‐EBV‐associated HD using a highly sensitive, degenerate PCR assay. Despite exhaustive sequence analysis of PCR products, no novel herpesviruses were identified. These results suggest that it is extremely unlikely that a novel herpesvirus is involved in the pathogenesis of non‐EBV‐associated HD. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Apoptotic body–loaded dendritic cells efficiently cross‐prime cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for NA17‐A antigen but not for Melan‐A/MART‐1 antigen
Authors: Labarrière Nathalie , Bretaudeau Laurent , Gervois Nadine , Bodinier Marie , Bougras Gwenola , Diez Elisabeth , Lang François , Gregoire Marc , Jotereau Francine 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDCs hold promise for cancer immunotherapy due to their functional ambivalence: iDCs internalize antigens, then mDCs trigger naive T‐cell activation. However, no consensus has been reached concerning the optimal mode of antigen acquisition for efficient cross‐priming of TAA‐specific CTLs, and this remains a field of investigation. Here, we used highly purified apobodies derived from an HLA‐A*0201‐negative melanoma line as a source of tumor antigens for HLA‐A*0201 DCs. We compared in vitro mDCs loaded with apobodies to DCs loaded with antigenic peptides, NA17‐A1–9 and Melan‐A/MART‐126–35 A27L analogue, for their capacity to stimulate melanoma antigen‐specific T cells from autologous PBLs. Apobody phagocytosis did not induce spontaneous DC maturation, but phagocytic DCs were still responsive to maturation signals, resulting in a functional ability to activate antigen‐specific lymphocytes. NA17‐A‐specific T lymphocytes were activated by both types of stimulation, whereas only peptide‐pulsed DCs stimulated the growth of Melan‐A/MART‐1‐specific lymphocytes. We also observed a lack of staining of melanoma‐derived apobodies with a Melan‐A‐specific MAb, suggesting protein alteration during apoptosis induction. After HLA‐A*0201/NA17‐A multimer sorting, antigen‐specific lymphocytes induced by mature DCs loaded with either peptide or apobodies displayed similar functional capacity against peptide‐pulsed T2 cells and melanoma cells. Therefore, apobody‐loaded DCs can achieve T‐cell priming similar to that induced by peptide‐pulsed DCs, provided that the apoptotic process allows the preservation of antigen expression. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Autocrine motility factor secreted by tumor cells upregulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (Flt‐1) expression in endothelial cells
Authors: Funasaka Tatsuyoshi , Haga Arayo , Raz Avraham , Nagase Hisamitsu 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe autocrine motility factor (AMF) is known as a cytokine regulating tumor cells motility via AMF receptor (AMFR) and promotes their metastasis. Recently, AMFRs have been found on the surface of host cells and it was showed that AMF possibly affects them. The signaling of AMF‐AMFR in the host endothelial cells induces expression of a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) Flt‐1 and AMFR feedback that is regulated at the transcriptional level. AMF‐exposure stimulated the Flt‐1 expression on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) surface and this AMF‐treated cells exhibited high‐responsibility against VEGF. The protein kinase C (PKC) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) play an important role in this signal transduction. The findings of our study suggest the possibility of “tumor AMF→host AMFR→PKC, PI3K→→VEGFR or AMFR→angiogenesis, metastasis” as a new signal cross talk between the tumor and the host. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Testing for causality‐in‐variance: an application to the East Asian markets
Authors: Caporale Guglielmo Maria , Pittis Nikitas , Spagnolo Nicola 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper we provide some empirical evidence on the casual relationship between stock prices and exchange rates volatility in four East Asian countries. In order to test for causality‐in‐variance, we use a GARCH model for which a BEKK representation is adopted, and then test for the relevant zero restrictions on the conditional variance parameters. We find that in the pre‐crisis sample stock prices lead exchange rates negatively in Japan and South Korea (consistently with the portfolio approach) and positively in Indonesia and Thailand. In the latter two countries after the onset of the 1997 East Asian crisis the spillover effects are found to be bidirectional. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Credit rationing for bad companies in bad years: evidence from bank loan transaction data
Authors: Shen Chung‐Hua 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper examines whether or not there is equilibrium credit rationing using Taiwan banks loans' transaction data. Our transaction data are unique since they help us to identify the exact lenders and borrowers, thus reducing the aggregation bias. This paper raises three hypotheses to test equilibrium credit rationing. First, we argue that the loan supply should bend backward to be consistent with equilibrium credit rationing. Second, credit rationing is expected to be more severe in bad years than in good years, suggesting stronger asymmetric information during turbulent days. Third, the asymmetric information is more severe for bad companies than for good companies. Our results support almost all hypotheses except when a bad company is similarly credit rationed as a good company in bad years. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The economics of exchange rate volatility asymmetry
Authors: McKenzie Michael 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOne commonly observed feature of financial market volatility is the presence of asymmetry whereby shocks to the market do not generate equal responses. This phenomenon has been attributed to the leverage effect for stock markets. For exchange rates, asymmetry has also been documented with no economic reason apparent. In this paper, a hypothesis is proposed and tested which attributes the presence of asymmetric responses in exchange rate volatility to the intervention activity of the central bank. Using daily intervention data for the Reserve Bank of Australia, empirical evidence is presented in support of this hypothesis which suggests that intervention may do more harm than good in volatile markets. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Volatility linkages among interest rates: implications for global monetary policy
Authors: Laopodis Nikiforos T. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper explores the effects of a greater integration among major capital markets from 1984 to 2001 on the conduct of global monetary policy. The methodological design is a multivariate vector moving average GARCH model which is suitable for examining the nature of the volatility spillover mechanism of long‐term interest rates across markets. The empirical findings indicate that there have been stronger linkages among major bond markets since 1990 at the volatility level. The more synchronized behaviour of long‐term interest rates across countries is evidenced by the speed and persistence with which disturbances in a particular market transmit to other markets. Such volatile behaviour affects the conduct of global monetary policy which now has to be done interactively among the world's major players. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial profiles in the analysis of event histories: an application to first sexual intercourse in Italy
Authors: Billari Francesco C. , Borgoni Riccardo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe aim of this paper is mainly methodological using individual‐level retrospective data from the Italian Fertility and Family Survey. Linking individual‐level data with geographical characteristics of the community, we firstly used non‐parametric methods, and in particular the bi‐dimensional LOESS (locally weighted regression) method, to build smoothed maps of the transition to first sexual intercourse. Secondly, we used a discrete‐time multilevel event‐history model (with logit specification), allowing for the presence of unobserved heterogeneity at the municipality level. We used ‘latitude’, ‘longitude’, and dimension of the municipality as aggregate‐level explanatory variables in the model. Thus, we could build spatial profiles and a map, using predicted values for the log‐odds‐ratio, and we could also study cohort dynamics. Our results confirm that Italy is a heterogeneous country; when looking at age at the first sexual intercourse, women are more influenced by their context than men. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mining, migration and immobility: towards an understanding of the relationship between migration and occupation in the context of the UK mining industry
Authors: Hollywood Emma 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe large‐scale decline of the UK mining industry in recent years has led to significant job losses, unemployment and inactivity throughout the coalfields. This paper aims to examine the role of migration as a response to these closures during the last 30 years. In neo‐classical economic theory, migration is traditionally seen as an equilibrating force in areas of labour‐market imbalance. However, this paper argues that migration is more closely associated with occupation than with imbalances in the demand and supply of labour, with professional workers displaying far higher rates of migration than manual workers. While migration is often seen as an integral part of many professional careers, by contrast it has little to do with the nature of manual occupations. Consequently, it is argued that the labour‐market problems faced by manual workers, such as miners, are unlikely to be alleviated by labour migration. In order to illustrate these arguments, the paper uses data from the Sample of Anonymised Records and the ONS Longitudinal Study. The migration rates of miners are compared with other occupational groups; migration rates over time are considered; and transitions in employment are examined. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Data mining using a genetic algorithm‐trained neural network
Authors: Sexton Randall S. , Sikander Naheel A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNeural networks have been shown to perform well for mapping unknown functions from historical data in many business areas, such as accounting, finance, and management. Although there have been many successful applications of neural networks in business, additional information about the networks is still lacking, specifically, determination of inputs that are relevant to the neural network model. It is apparent that by knowing which inputs are actually contributing to model prediction a researcher has gained additional knowledge about the problem itself. This can lead to a parsimonious neural network architecture, better generalization for out‐of‐sample prediction, and, probably the most important, a better understanding of the problem. It is shown in this paper that by using a modified genetic algorithm for neural network training, relevant inputs can be determined while simultaneously searching for a global solution. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Executable declarative business rules and their use in electronic commerce
Authors: Antoniou G. , Arief M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBusiness rules are statements which are used to run the activities of an organization. In the era of electronic commerce it is important for these rules to be represented explicitly, and to be automatically applicable. In this paper we argue that methods from the field of knowledge representation can be used for this purpose. In particular, we propose the use of defeasible reasoning, a simple but efficient reasoning method based on rules and priorities. We motivate the use of defeasible reasoning, give examples, describe two case studies, and outline current and future work in our research. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A data mining approach to financial time series modelling and forecasting
Authors: Vojinovic Zoran , Kecman Vojislav , Seidel Rainer 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper describes one of the relatively new data mining techniques that can be used to forecast the foreign exchange time series process. The research aims to contribute to the development and application of such techniques by exposing them to difficult real‐world (non‐toy) data sets. The results reveal that the prediction of a Radial Basis Function Neural Network model for forecasting the daily $US/$NZ closing exchange rates is significantly better than the prediction of a traditional linear autoregressive model in both directional change and prediction of the exchange rate itself. We have also investigated the impact of the number of model inputs (model order), the number of hidden layer neurons and the size of training data set on prediction accuracy. In addition, we have explored how the three different methods for placement of Gaussian radial basis functions affect its predictive quality and singled out the best one. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organizing and personalizing intelligence gathering from the web
Authors: Ong Hwee‐Leng , Tan Ah‐Hwee , Ng Jamie , Pan Hong , Li Qiu‐Xiang 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper, we describe how an integrated web‐based application, code‐named FOCI (Flexible Organizer for Competitive Intelligence), can help the knowledge worker in the gathering, organizing, tracking and dissemination of competitive intelligence (CI). It combines the use of a novel user‐configurable clustering, trend analysis and visualization techniques to manage information gathered from the web. FOCI allows its users to define and personalize the organization of the information clusters according to their needs and preferences into portfolios. These personalized portfolios created are saved and can be subsequently tracked and shared with other users. The paper runs through an example to show how the use of a predefined domain template coupled with personalization can greatly enhance an organization and tracking of CI gathered from the web. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reorganizing web sites based on user access patterns
Authors: Fu Yongjian , Shih Ming‐Yi , Creado Mario , Ju Chunhua 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper, an approach for reorganizing Web sites based on user access patterns is proposed. Our goal is to build adaptive Web sites by evolving site structure to facilitate user access. The approach consists of three steps: preprocessing, page classification, and site reorganization. In preprocessing, pages on a Web site are processed to create an internal representation of the site. Page access information of its users is extracted from the Web server log. In page classification, the Web pages on the site are classified into two categories, index pages and content pages, based on the page access information. After the pages are classified, in site reorganization, the Web site is examined to find better ways to organize and arrange the pages on the site. An algorithm for reorganizing Web sites has been developed. Our experiments on a large real data set show that the approach is efficient and practical for adaptive Web sites. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Facilitating knowledge flow through the enterprise
Authors: Bruno Jeanette 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the issues we encountered when attempting to achieve enterprise level knowledge reuse. We present three pilot studies where new visualization techniques were used to allow manufacturing and service operations take advantage of engineering knowledge embodied in 3D models. Though all these studies showed dramatic productivity increases, only one business unit from the studies is currently working to achieve the reuse. There are a number of reasons why this is so, but the key underlying theme is a lack of enterprise level commitment to knowledge sharing and a lack of an adequate knowledge architecture for sharing knowledge across organizational boundaries. We conclude with an approach for facilitating knowledge flow across functional units. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Censored latent effects autoregression, with an application to US unemployment
Authors: Franses Philip Hans , Paap Richard 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA model is proposed to describe observed asymmetries in postwar unemployment time series data. We assume that recession periods, when unemployment increases rapidly, correspond with unobserved positive shocks. The generating mechanism of these latent shocks is a censored regression model, where linear combinations of lagged explanatory variables lead to positive shocks, while otherwise shocks are equal to zero. We apply this censored latent effects autoregression to monthly US unemployment, where the positive shocks are found to be predictable using various leading indicators. The model fits the data well and its out‐of‐sample forecasts appear to improve on those from alternative models. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A flexible parametric selection model for non‐normal data with application to health care usage
Authors: Prieger James E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractI examine the effects of insurance status and managed care on hospitalization spells, and develop a new approach for sample selection problems in parametric duration models. MLE of the Flexible Parametric Selection (FPS) model does not require numerical integration or simulation techniques. I discuss application to the exponential, Weibull, log‐logistic and gamma duration models. Applying the model to the hospitalization data indicates that the FPS model may be preferred even in cases in which other parametric approaches are available. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.