bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing 2D Phthalocyanine Covalent Organic Framework with Enhanced Stability and Conductivity via Interlayer Hydrogen Bonding as Electrocatalyst for CO2 Reduction
Authors: Li Mingrun , Han Bin , Li Senzhi , Zhang Qi , Zhang Enhui , Gong Lei , Qi Dongdong , Wang Kang , Jiang Jianzhuang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFabricating COFs‐based electrocatalysts with high stability and conductivity still remains a great challenge. Herein, 2D polyimide‐linked phthalocyanine COF (denoted as NiPc‐OH‐COF) is constructed via solvothermal reaction between tetraanhydrides of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24‐octacarboxyphthalocyaninato nickel(II) and 2,5‐diamino‐1,4‐benzenediol (DB) with other two analogous 2D COFs (denoted as NiPc‐OMe‐COF and NiPc‐H‐COF) synthesized for reference. In comparison with NiPc‐OMe‐COF and NiPc‐H‐COF, NiPc‐OH‐COF exhibits enhanced stability, particularly in strong NaOH solvent and high conductivity of 1.5 × 10−3 S m−1 due to the incorporation of additional strong interlayer hydrogen bonding interaction between the O−H of DB and the hydroxy “O” atom of DB in adjacent layers. This in turn endows the NiPc‐OH‐COF electrode with ultrahigh CO2‐to‐CO faradaic efficiency (almost 100%) in a wide potential range from −0.7 to −1.1 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), a large partial CO current density of −39.2 mA cm−2 at −1.1 V versus RHE, and high turnover number as well as turnover frequency, amounting to 45 000 and 0.76 S−1 at −0.80 V versus RHE during 12 h lasting measurement.
Self‐Flipping Solar Seesaw Evaporators Leverage Scaling to De‐Scale
Authors: Chen Yi‐Zhou , Yang Hao‐Cheng , Li Hao‐Nan , Xin Jia‐Hui , Zhang Chao , Wan Ling‐Shu , Xu Zhi‐Kang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSalt scaling poses a significant obstacle to the practical implementation of solar‐driven evaporation for desalination. Attempts to mitigate scaling by enhancing mass transfer often lead to a compromise in evaporation efficiency due to associated heat loss. In the present work, a novel seesaw evaporator with a Janus structure to harness scaling for periodic self‐descaling is reported. The seesaw evaporators are facilely fabricated by delignifying balsa wood and subsequently single‐sided spray‐coating it with soot and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This unique Janus structure enables the evaporator to float on the brine while ensuring an ample supply of solution for evaporation. During evaporation, salt ions are transported directionally toward the cocked end of the evaporator to form scaling, triggering the seesaw evaporator to flip once a threshold is reached. The accumulated salts re‐dissolve back into the solution. By adjusting the tilt angle, the evaporator can achieve an impressive evaporation rate of up to 2.65 kg m−2 h−1 when evaporating an 8 wt.% NaCl solution. Remarkably, these evaporators maintain a stable evaporation rate during prolonged 120 h operation and produce ≈3.93–6.35 L m⁻2·day⁻¹ of freshwater from simulated brines when assembled into an evaporation device.
Nanoparticulate TiN Loading to Promote Z‐Scheme Water Splitting Using a Narrow‐Bandgap Nonoxide‐Based Photocatalyst Sheet
Authors: Galvão Rhauane Almeida , Nandy Swarnava , Hirako Akio , Otsuki Takehiro , Nakabayashi Mamiko , Lu Daling , Hisatomi Takashi , Domen Kazunari 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSome oxide‐based particulate photocatalyst sheets exhibit excellent activity during the water‐splitting reaction. The replacement of oxide photocatalysts with narrow‐bandgap photocatalysts based on nonoxides could provide the higher solar‐to‐hydrogen energy conversion efficiencies that are required for practical implementation. Unfortunately, the activity of nonoxide‐based photocatalyst sheets is low in many cases, indicating the need for strategies to improve the quality of nonoxide photocatalysts and the charge transfer process. In this work, single‐crystalline particulate SrTaO2N is studied as an oxygen evolution photocatalyst for photocatalyst sheets applied to Z‐scheme water splitting, in combination with La5Ti2Cu0.9Ag0.1O7S5 and Au as the hydrogen evolution photocatalyst and conductive layer, respectively. The loading of SrTaO2N with CoOx provided increases activity during photocatalytic water oxidation, giving an apparent quantum yield of 15.7% at 420 nm. A photocatalyst sheet incorporating CoOx‐loaded SrTaO2N is also found to promote Z‐scheme water splitting under visible light. Notably, the additional loading of nanoparticulate TiN on the CoOx‐loaded SrTaO2N improves the water splitting activity by six times because the TiN promotes electron transfer from the SrTaO2N particles to the Au layer. This work demonstrates key concepts related to the improvement of nonoxide‐based photocatalyst sheets based on facilitating the charge transfer process through appropriate surface modifications.
Highly Sensitive Fiber Crossbar Sensors Enabled by Second‐Order Synergistic Effect of Air Capacitance and Equipotential Body
Authors: Qu Xiangyang , Wu Yuchen , Han Zhiliang , Li Jing , Deng Lili , Xie Ruimin , Zhang Guanglin , Wang Huaping , Chen Shiyan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFiber crossbars, an emerging electronic device, have become the most promising basic unit for advanced smart textiles. The demand for highly sensitive fiber crossbar sensors (FCSs) in wearable electronics is increased. However, the unique structure of FCSs presents challenges in replicating existing sensitivity enhancement strategies. Aiming at the sensitivity of fiber crossbar sensors, a second‐order synergistic strategy is proposed that combines air capacitance and equipotential bodies, resulting in a remarkable sensitivity enhancement of over 20 times for FCSs. This strategy offers a promising avenue for the design and fabrication of FCSs that do not depend on intricate microstructures. Furthermore, the integrative structure of core‐sheath fibers ensures a robust interface, leading to a low hysteresis of only 2.33% and exceptional stability. The outstanding capacitive response performance of FCSs allows them to effectively capture weak signals such as pulses and sounds. This capability opens up possibilities for the application of FCSs in personalized health management, as demonstrated by wireless monitoring systems based on pulse signals.
Stabilization of LiCoO2 Cathodes in High Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries Through 2‐(Trifluoromethyl)Benzamide (2‐TFMBA) Electrolyte Additives
Authors: Li Jinyang , Wang Jiajun , Huang He , Gao Meng , Wang Xingkai , Dong Qiujiang , Zhang Wanxing , Zhang Shiyu , Guo Hao , Han Xiaopeng , Hu Wenbin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIncreasing the charging cutoff voltage of LiCoO2 to 4.6 V is significant for enhancing battery density. However, the practical application of Li‖LiCoO2 batteries with a 4.6 V cutoff voltage faces significant impediments due to the detrimental changes under high voltage. This study presents a novel bifunctional electrolyte additive, 2‐(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (2‐TFMBA), which is employed to establish a stable and dense cathode–electrolyte interface (CEI). Characterization results reveal that an optimized CEI is achieved through the synergistic effects of the amide groups and trifluoromethyl groups within 2‐TFMBA. The resulting CEI not only enhances the structural stability of LiCoO2 but also serves as a high‐speed lithium‐ion conduction channel, which expedites the insertion and extraction of lithium ions. The Li‖LiCoO2 batteries with 0.5 wt% 2‐TFMBA achieves an 84.7% capacity retention rate after enduring 300 cycles at a current rate of 1 C, under a cut‐off voltage of 4.6 V. This study provides valuable strategic insights into the stabilization of cathode materials in high‐voltage batteries.
Activatable theranostic prodrug scaffold with tunable drug release rate for sequential photodynamic and chemotherapy
Authors: Wang Si‐Yu , Pan Ying‐Hao , Qu Yu‐Chen , Chen Xiao‐Xiao , Shao Na , Niu Li‐Ya , Yang Qing‐Zheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlutathione (GSH)‐activated prodrugs are promising for overcoming the limitations of conventional anti‐tumor drugs. However, current GSH‐responsive disulfide groups exhibit unregulated reactivity, making it impossible to precisely control the drug release rate. We herein report a series of GSH‐responsive prodrugs with a “three‐in‐one” molecular design by integrating a fluorescence report unit, stimuli‐responsive unit and chemodrug into one scaffold with tunable aromatic nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) reactivity. The drug release rate of these prodrugs is tailored by modification of substituent groups with different electron‐withdrawing or ‐donating abilities on the BODIPY core. Furthermore, the prodrugs self‐assemble in water to form nanoparticles that serve as photosensitizers to produce reactive oxygen species upon irradiation for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The PDT process also increases the concentration of GSH in cells, further promoting the release of drugs for chemotherapy. This strategy provides a powerful platform for sequential photodynamic and chemotherapy with tunable drug release rates and synergistic therapeutic effects.
Tuberowithania pengiana (Withaninae, Physalideae, Solanaceae), a new species and genus from southwest Yunnan, China
Authors: Wang Ze‐Huan , Yang Yi , Wang Yi , Chen Li , Zhao Fei , Li Yuan‐Yuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe describe a small population of remarkable plants found in Shuangjiang County, SW Yunnan, as Tuberowithania pengiana gen. & sp. nov., a unique genus within the subtribe Withaninae, tribe Physalideae of the Solanaceae family. The new genus and species feature a distinctive combination of morphological traits, including a large clumped tuberous root, urceolate and densely pubescent dark purplish flowers, densely pubescent purplish filaments, and yellowish‐white, ovoid berries snugly covered by 10‐ribbed accrescent calyx. Molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on a combined matrix of four DNA markers (nrITS, trnL‐F, waxy, LFY), revealed that T. pengiana is deeply nested within the subtribe Withaninae. It forms a sister relationship with Archiphysalis chamaesarachoides, although with weak support.
On matched asymptotic expansion solutions of a bucklewave propagation problem
Authors: Langthjem Mikael A. , Jensen Henrik M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the present paper, the method of matched asymptotic expansions is used to derive approximate analytical solutions to a model problem related to bucklewave propagation in undersea pipelines. The model problem, introduced by Chater, Hutchinson and Neale (in: Collapse – The Buckling of Structures in Theory and Practice (Thompson, J.M.T., Hunt, G.W., eds.) Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1983), consists of a linear elastic beam resting on a nonlinear elastic foundation, with inclusion of axial tension and inertia, related to a propagating buckle. When tension dominates over inertia, it is found that the asymptotic solution describing a propagating buckle has the character of nonoscillatory motion. When tension and inertia forces are of equal magnitude, or when inertia forces dominate over tension, the solutions are found to be oscillatory, but still localized around the bucklewave front. Finally, it is shown that when the propagation speed of the buckle exceeds a critical value, a spatial instability sets in, with exponentially growing amplitude of the beam deflection.
Impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on population management in AZA
Authors: Bladow Rachel A. , Strohmayer Kendra A. , Johnstone Hana K. , Eebes Kristine Schad , Dorsey Candice L. , Andrews John E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSoon after the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, almost all Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) facilities closed to the public. Resulting cost‐saving and safety measures led some facilities to temporarily cease or reduce animal breeding and/or transfers. We surveyed AZA facilities and Species Survival Plan® (SSP) Coordinators for AZA's cooperative population management programs to evaluate how widespread these decisions were, if impacts varied by taxa, and how the AZA community navigated related challenges during the pandemic. We found that 60% of responding facilities did not suspend breeding and 22% did not suspend transfers. About 50% of responding zoos increased their reliance on ground transportation to move animals, while aquariums reported no change to transportation methods. SSP Coordinators reported the main reason why breeding decreased, regardless of taxa, was due to canceled or delayed transfers. The reasons transfers decreased differed by taxa, such as limited financial resources and lack of access to air transportation. The majority of respondents for both surveys stated transfers were the greatest challenge they faced. To address this, facilities utilized alternative transportation methods and worked closely with nearby zoos and aquariums for the movement of animals, while SSP Coordinators issued alternative transfer recommendations. If another pandemic or other widespread facility closure occurs, our research highlights the importance of communication, collaboration, and flexibility to fulfill breeding and transfer recommendations to maintain sustainable zoo and aquarium populations.
Homological quantum mechanics
Authors: Chiaffrino Christoph , Hohm Olaf , Pinto Allison F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We provide a formulation of quantum mechanics based on the cohomology of the Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) algebra. Focusing on quantum-mechanical systems without gauge symmetry we introduce a homotopy retract from the chain complex of the harmonic oscillator to finite-dimensional phase space. This induces a homotopy transfer from the BV algebra to the algebra of functions on phase space. Quantum expectation values for a given operator or functional are computed by the function whose pullback gives a functional in the same cohomology class. This statement is proved in perturbation theory by relating the perturbation lemma to Wick’s theorem. We test this method by computing two-point functions for the harmonic oscillator for position eigenstates and coherent states. Finally, we derive the Unruh effect, illustrating that these methods are applicable to quantum field theory.
The chiral separation effect from lattice QCD at the physical point
Authors: Brandt B. B. , Endrődi G. , Garnacho-Velasco E. , Markó G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper we study the Chiral Separation Effect by means of first-principles lattice QCD simulations. For the first time in the literature, we determine the continuum limit of the associated conductivity using 2+1 flavors of dynamical staggered quarks at physical masses. The results reveal a suppression of the conductivity in the confined phase and a gradual enhancement toward the perturbative value for high temperatures. In addition to our dynamical setup, we also investigate the impact of the quenched approximation on the conductivity, using both staggered and Wilson quarks. Finally, we highlight the relevance of employing conserved vector and anomalous axial currents in the lattice simulations.
A new redundancy strategy for enabling graceful degradation in resilient robotic flexible assembly cells
Authors: Jin Ziyue , Marian Romeo M. , Chahl Javaan S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe development of resilience in manufacturing systems has drawn more attention than ever. Using redundant components is one of the key strategies for building and enhancing the resilience of a manufacturing system. However, current redundancy strategies require duplicated machinery employed either in active or in standby status. This in turn causes extra costs in designing and achieving resilience. Achieving an efficient deployment of the redundant component in the face of failures is also challenging. In this paper, we introduce a novel redundancy strategy, called adaptive standby redundancy (ASR), to achieve resilient performance for discrete manufacturing systems while reducing the cost of employing the duplicated components that are typically used in traditional systems. This novel strategy permits achievement of high levels of utilisation of the system and graceful degradation in case of failure, keeping the system functional. The strategy is then validated in a developed robotic flexible assembly cell (RFAC), which is tested and results on its efficacy and performance enhancement are discussed.
Evaluation of Outcomes Between the Top-down Versus the Bottom-up Approach for Retropubic Midurethral Sling
Authors: Mehrotra Vidushri , Pearl John , Sheyn David , Wherley Susan D. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Retropubic midurethral sling (MUS) placement is the gold standard for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in the USA. The procedure can be approached from either a top-down or a bottom-up direction, but there is a paucity of contemporary data regarding outcomes between these approaches. The aim of this study was to provide updated clinical outcomes data.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of women undergoing the retropubic MUS procedure alone or at the time of pelvic organ prolapse repair between 2010 and 2020 at a single academic medical center. The electronic medical record was used to extract demographic data, operative approach, and perioperative complications. The primary outcome was a composite incidence of any perioperative complication.

Results
Of the 309 patients analyzed, 140 (45.3%) underwent top-down and 169 (54.7%) underwent bottom-up retropubic MUS placement. Patients undergoing top-down MUS placement were more likely to be older (mean age 58 vs 54, p=0.02), have a history of diabetes mellitus (20% vs 8.9%, p=0.004), and have had a prior hysterectomy (27% vs 16%, p=0.02). They were less likely to have a concurrent anterior (p<0.001) or posterior repair (p<0.001). Patients undergoing the top-down procedure were less likely to experience sling exposure (p=0.02); complications in the two groups were otherwise similar.

Conclusions
The top-down approach to retropubic MUS placement was associated with lower rates of mesh erosion in this population of patients. Neither approach is associated with an increased overall risk of complications or de novo overactive bladder symptoms.
Comparison of Cross-Sectional Area of Pubovisceral Muscle in Nulliparous and Primiparous Women
Authors: Regendova Alexandra , Samesova Adela , Zapletalova Katerina , Horejskova Sabina , Svata Zuzana , Hrdouskova Monika , Zapletal Jan , Krofta Ladislav , Hajkova Hympanova Lucie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
The main risk factor for pelvic floor disorders is vaginal delivery, which may cause levator ani muscle (LAM) injury and denervation. LAM includes pubovisceral muscle (PVM, pubococcygeus), puborectalis muscle (PRM), and iliococcygeus muscle. We hypothesize that primiparous women with low pelvic floor muscle contraction have a reduced PVM cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to nulliparous women.

Methods (Sample Size and Statistical Approaches)
This single-centre prospective observational study compared healthy nulliparous (n = 40) to primiparous (n = 40) women after vaginal delivery without LAM avulsion and Oxford score ≤ 3. Demographics, questionnaires (ICIQ-UI-SF, OAB-Q-SF, PISQ-12), POP-Q, Oxford score, ultrasound measurements (minimal anteroposterior and lateral diameters, hiatal area, PRM thickness, levator-urethra gap) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)—PVM CSA were evaluated. Normality was tested, and an appropriate test was used to compare the groups. Power calculation suggested 40 participants per group.

Results
The primiparous group was older, had a higher BMI, and their hiatal area on ultrasound at contraction was larger compared to the nulliparous group. The CSA of the left-sided PVM (1.15 ± 0.50 cm2) was larger compared to the right side (1.03 ± 0.50 cm2), p = 0.02 in nulliparous women. The PVM CSA of primiparous women with low Oxford score was reduced compared to nulliparous (0.87 ± 0.30 versus 1.09 ± 0.50 cm2, p = 0.006). The intra-rater reliability for PVM CSA had an ICC of 0.90 and inter-rater ICC of 0.77.

Conclusions
Primiparous women after vaginal delivery with low pelvic floor contraction force had reduced PVM CSA on MRI images compared to nulliparous women.
Quantum Theory in Finite Dimension Cannot Explain Every General Process with Finite Memory
Authors: Fanizza Marco , Lumbreras Josep , Winter Andreas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractArguably, the largest class of stochastic processes generated by means of a finite memory consists of those that are sequences of observations produced by sequential measurements in a suitable generalized probabilistic theory (GPT). These are constructed from a finite-dimensional memory evolving under a set of possible linear maps, and with probabilities of outcomes determined by linear functions of the memory state. Examples of such models are given by classical hidden Markov processes, where the memory state is a probability distribution, and at each step it evolves according to a non-negative matrix, and hidden quantum Markov processes, where the memory is a finite-dimensional quantum system, and at each step it evolves according to a completely positive map. Here we show that the set of processes admitting a finite-dimensional explanation do not need to be explainable in terms of either classical probability or quantum mechanics. To wit, we exhibit families of processes that have a finite-dimensional explanation, defined manifestly by the dynamics of an explicitly given GPT, but that do not admit a quantum, and therefore not even classical, explanation in finite dimension. Furthermore, we present a family of quantum processes on qubits and qutrits that do not admit a classical finite-dimensional realization, which includes examples introduced earlier by Fox, Rubin, Dharmadikari and Nadkarni as functions of infinite-dimensional Markov chains, and lower bound the size of the memory of a classical model realizing a noisy version of the qubit processes.
The microbial community of coral reefs: biofilm composition on artificial substrates under different environmental conditions
Authors: Yanovski Roy , Barak Hana , Brickner Itzchak , Kushmaro Ariel , Abelson Avigdor 
Published: February 2024

AbstractArtificial reefs are used as tools for the restoration of degrading coral reefs by providing new settlement substrates. The initial recruitment process consists of the formation of microbial biofilms shortly after deployment. The aim of the present study is to compare biofilm composition and development on artificial substrates at two different coral-reef sites. These locations differ in their environmental conditions, including their level of anthropogenic impact. Substrate and seawater samples were collected four times during the first 6 months after deployment, using a new methodology termed ‘tab-by-tab’. DNA was extracted, sequenced, and sorted for both prokaryotic (16s) and eukaryotic (18s) genes. No difference was found between the planktonic communities in the water, yet significant differences were observed in the biofilm communities on the structures at the two sites. Moreover, differences were recorded in coral recruitment rates, which are known to be affected by biofilm composition. Our findings suggest a potential role of environmental conditions in the early biofilm stages (first few months), which in turn may impact the succession and development of coral-reef communities and the success of artificial reefs as restoration tools.