bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the Japanese version of the Ego‐Dissolution Inventory (EDI)
Authors: Kusudo Keisuke , Tani Hideaki , Yonezawa Kengo , Nakajima Shinichiro , Nour Matthew M. , Carhart‐Harris Robin , Uchida Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimPsychedelics have recently gained attention as potential therapeutic agents for various psychiatric disorders. Previous research has highlighted that a diminished sense of self, commonly termed “ego‐dissolution” is a pivotal feature of the psychedelic‐induced state. While the Ego‐Dissolution Inventory (EDI) is a widely acknowledged instrument for measuring this phenomenon, no Japanese version has been available. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the EDI.MethodsWe adhered to the “Guidelines for Best Practices in the Translation and Cultural Modification Process for Patient‐Reported Outcomes Instruments: Document from the ISPOR Committee on Translation and Cultural Modification” during our translation approach. Two Japanese psychiatrists independently conducted initial translations, and a consolidated version was achieved via mutual agreement. This version was then back‐translated to English and assessed by the original authors for consistency. The repetitive modification process was conducted in continuous dialogues with the original authors until they accepted the concluding back‐translated version.ResultsThe finalized, approved back‐translated version of the EDI is presented in the accompanying figure. In addition, the authorized Japanese version of the EDI is included in the Appendix.ConclusionsIn this study, we successfully developed the Japanese version of the EDI. This instrument will assist in assessing ego‐dissolution experiences associated with psychedelic‐assisted therapy among Japanese speakers. Additional studies are necessary to evaluate the reliability and validity of this newly translated instrument.
Evaluating Sinus Microbiology by Transplant Status in Persons With Cystic Fibrosis: A Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Somayaji Ranjani , Thornton Christina S. , Acosta Nicole , Smith Kristine , Clark Jessica , Fatovich Linda , Thakrar Mitesh V. , Parkins Michael D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveSinus disease is prevalent in persons with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) and may be a reservoir of airway infection in postlung transplant (pTx) patients. The microbial composition of cystic fibrosis sinuses and its associations with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is relatively unexplored. We aimed to examine the sinus and lower airway microbiome and their associations with CRS in PwCF and pTxPwCF.Study DesignProspective single‐centre study.SettingA total of 31 sex and age (±2 years) matched PwCF and pTxPwCF.MethodsDemographic and clinical data along with sinus swabs and sputum were collected. CRS was assessed using Sinonasal Outcome Test‐22 (SNOT‐22) (patient reported outcome) and Lund‐McKay (computed tomography sinus) scores. Samples underwent MiSeq Illumina sequencing of the universal 16S ribosomal RNA gene.ResultsA total of 31 PwCF (15 pTxPwCF) were included. Aggregate airways microbiome composition was dominated by Pseudomonas (46%), Haemophilus (14%), Staphylococcus (11%), Streptococcus (10%), and Fusobacterium (6%). α‐diversity was significantly lower in post‐Tx samples across both sputum and sinus samples (P = .005). β‐diversity was significantly different between sputum (P = .004), but not sinus (P = .75) samples by transplant status. While there was a trend in higher β‐diversity associated with lower SNOT‐22 score at time of first visit, this did not reach significance (P = .05).ConclusionSinus and airway microbiomes differed in PwCF and pTxPwCF, but the prevalent organisms remained consistent. Elucidating the relationship of the microbiome with clinical status to better understand when to intervene accordingly is needed to optimize sinus disease management in PwCF.
Investigation of nanocomposite PNIPAm‐g‐graphene with pre‐lower critical solution temperature rapid thermal response function for chip adaptive cooling: A molecular dynamics and computational fluid dynamics simulations
Authors: Li Chenghang , Luo Zhumei , Qing Shan , Wang Yixiang , Huang Haoming , Zhang Xiaohui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTemperature‐sensitive hydrogels have been widely used for rapid adaptive cooling in electronic device thermal management with promising applications. However, existing temperature‐sensitive hydrogels can only regulate the flow in the chip cooling system after the ambient temperature reaches their lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Before reaching LCST, effective rapid heat dissipation for electronic chips is not achievable. This study aims to develop a temperature‐sensitive hydrogel that can provide assisted adaptive cooling for electronic chips before reaching its LCST. This requires the hydrogel to have a thermal conductivity far surpassing existing hydrogel materials. Using the temperature‐sensitive hydrogel PNIPAm and graphene molecules as base materials, this research utilized molecular dynamics simulations to graft graphene molecules onto PNIPAm molecules in different ways, resulting in the temperature‐sensitive hydrogel material PNIPAm‐g‐graphene. Non‐equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) was employed to calculate the thermal conductivity of this material under different temperature conditions. The results indicate that the thermal conductivity of PNIPAm‐g‐graphene can reach up to 1.95474 W/m K (graphene grafted at CH3 functional group, temperature at 280 K). Compared to the thermal conductivity of PNIPAm under the same conditions (0.45 W/m K), the increase in thermal conductivity is significant, demonstrating excellent thermal conductivity compared to PNIPAm. Subsequently, this study analyzed the underlying mechanisms of different thermal conductivities in materials obtained by grafting graphene molecules at different points using the method of overlap in Phonon Density of States Curves (PDOS) from the perspective of interfacial thermal conduction. Finally, through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, this study investigates the chip's adaptive cooling performance with PNIPAm‐g‐graphene material. The results show that, compared to traditional temperature‐sensitive hydrogels, PNIPAm‐g‐graphene can achieve efficient adaptive cooling of chip hotspots before the cooling fluid temperature reaches its LCST value. This finding is significant for the field of chip cooling. The study proposes a new method for rapid, adaptive cooling of chip hotspots and explores its feasibility from the perspectives of molecular dynamics and CFD simulation. It holds importance in the thermal management of electronic devices and the rapid adaptive cooling of electronic chips.
Percolation behavior and sensing performance of polypropylene‐based conductive polymer composites under compressive strains and temperature
Authors: Wu Zhi , Xie Long , Shao Yu , Wang Jun , Zhang Minghua , Du Jianke 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPercolation behavior is highly significant for mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties, as well as manufacturing processes of conductive polymer composites (CPCs). It has been reported that temperature and external loads are important parameters directly affecting the percolation threshold. Herein, carbon black/polypropylene (CB/PP) and carbon black/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/polypropylene (CB/MWCNTs/PP) composites are prepared via the melt blending method. After the synthesis of composites, the rheological properties, the filler distribution, crystallization, and conductive network formation within the composite are evaluated. The effect of conductive network structure on conductive percolation behavior is studied under various compressive strains and temperatures. Finally, the sensing performance under compressive strain and temperature cycling is discussed. Obtained results reveal that MWCNTs work as “bridges” between segregated CB particles leading to a synergic effect on the conducting properties. The volume resistivity of PP‐based CPCs exhibits a critical strain and a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), resulting in altered percolation. PP‐based CPCs with the addition of MWCNTs have greater PTC intensity, demonstrating sensing stability and sensitivity to compressive strain under temperature cycling. This study underscores the essential contribution of MWCNTs in building conductive networks and elucidates the potential application of PP‐based CPCs with superior sensing performance under compressive strain and varying temperatures.
An Exact Expression for Multidimensional Spectroscopy of a Spin‐Boson Hamiltonian
Authors: Liu Albert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMultidimensional coherent spectroscopy is a powerful tool to characterize nonlinear optical response functions. Typically, multidimensional spectra are interpreted via a perturbative framework that straightforwardly provides intuition into the density matrix dynamics that give rise to specific spectral features. When the goal is to characterize system coupling to a thermal bath however, the perturbative formalism becomes unwieldy and yields less intuition. Here, an approach developed by Vagov et al. is extended to provide an exact expression for multidimensional spectra of a spin‐boson Hamiltonian up to arbitrary order of electric field interaction. The utility of this expression is demonstrated by modeling polaron formation and coherent exciton‐phonon coupling in quantum dots, which strongly agree with experiment.
Sclerosing thymoma with numerous coarse calcifications
Authors: Oyamatsu Hironori , Fujimura Takaki , Okagawa Takehiko , Niimi Seijirou 
Published: February 2024

Key messageThis patient is the youngest among the previously reported sclerosing thymoma cases, and the resected mass contained numerous coarse calcifications due to dystrophic calcification. This is an unprecedented and extremely rare case.
Dynamic event‐triggered prescribed performance control for nonlinear systems with signal temporal logic
Authors: Long Lijun , Gao Ge 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article is concerned with the problem of dynamic event‐triggered prescribed performance control for nonlinear systems under signal temporal logic tasks. By utilizing the method of prescribed performance control, the constrained plant can be transformed into an unconstrained one, and a dynamic event‐triggered feedback control law is generated for the transformed system to ensure that the signal temporal logic specification is satisfied. A dynamic event‐triggered mechanism is designed to guarantee the event‐triggered stability, safety and complex specification. Besides, Zeno phenomenon is definitely avoided. Compared with the continuous‐time feedback controller, the event‐triggered controller has proven to be effective in reducing sensing, communication and computation costs. Finally, two simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.
Adaptive flexible performance function approach for dynamic obstacle avoidance to distributed formation tracking of range‐constrained switched nonlinear multiagent systems
Authors: Yoo Sung Jin , Park Bong Seok 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrescribed performance control allows preselected transient and steady‐state bounds of formation control performance. However, owing to the predetermined decaying property of performance functions, it is unavailable for the formation tracking problem with dynamic obstacle avoidance. Thus, it is essential to design a flexible performance function to accommodate the increasing formation error during dynamic obstacle avoidance. This article pays attention to the development of an adaptive flexible performance (AFP) function usable for the avoidance of dynamic obstacles with unknown velocities in the distributed formation framework. We develop an AFP‐based distributed formation tracker design for range‐constrained switched multi‐input multi‐output nonlinear multiagent systems with asynchronous switching. The AFP functions for ensuring graph connectivity and dynamic obstacle avoidance are derived by designing time‐varying variables adjusted by an adaptive relaxation signal. The neural‐network‐based adaptive distributed formation tracker using the derived performance functions is constructed with the adaptive relaxation signal to ensure the stability of the closed‐loop formation system, regardless of asynchronous switching and dynamic obstacles. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by simulation results.
Targeted learning in observational studies with multi‐valued treatments: An evaluation of antipsychotic drug treatment safety
Authors: Poulos Jason , Horvitz‐Lennon Marcela , Zelevinsky Katya , Cristea‐Platon Tudor , Huijskens Thomas , Tyagi Pooja , Yan Jiaju , Diaz Jordi , Normand Sharon‐Lise 
Published: February 2024

We investigate estimation of causal effects of multiple competing (multi‐valued) treatments in the absence of randomization. Our work is motivated by an intention‐to‐treat study of the relative cardiometabolic risk of assignment to one of six commonly prescribed antipsychotic drugs in a cohort of nearly 39 000 adults with serious mental illnesses. Doubly‐robust estimators, such as targeted minimum loss‐based estimation (TMLE), require correct specification of either the treatment model or outcome model to ensure consistent estimation; however, common TMLE implementations estimate treatment probabilities using multiple binomial regressions rather than multinomial regression. We implement a TMLE estimator that uses multinomial treatment assignment and ensemble machine learning to estimate average treatment effects. Our multinomial implementation improves coverage, but does not necessarily reduce bias, relative to the binomial implementation in simulation experiments with varying treatment propensity overlap and event rates. Evaluating the causal effects of the antipsychotics on 3‐year diabetes risk or death, we find a safety benefit of moving from a second‐generation drug considered among the safest of the second‐generation drugs to an infrequently prescribed first‐generation drug known for having low cardiometabolic risk.
Extractive Promotion on the Synthesis of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural from Highly Concentrated Saccharides in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Cui Tianyi , Jia Songyan , Zheng Qiang , Ma Yali , Li Xue 
Published: February 2024

Abstract5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) is perceived as a versatile biobased platform compound. The large‐scale production of 5‐HMF in ionic liquids (ILs) is still limited due to the inefficiency with diluted carbohydrate feedstocks. The IL/extractant biphasic media are benign systems for the efficient synthesis of 5‐HMF from highly concentrated carbohydrates. This work demonstrated that the hydrogen‐bond interaction between the hydroxyl group of 5‐HMF and IL played a critical role in the dissolution of 5‐HMF. The introduction of hydroxyl group into the structure of an IL was conducive to break the mentioned hydrogen‐bond interaction, therefore improving the extraction of 5‐HMF. Ethyl levulinate (EL) was found to be an excellent extractant for separating 5‐HMF from ILs for the first time. In a system consisting of 1‐hydroxyethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, EL and water, highly concentrated (80 wt %) fructose and glucose could be efficiently converted into 5‐HMF with a yield of 82 % and 70 % at 100 °C and 120 °C, respectively. The obtained results are superior to previous works on the synthesis of 5‐HMF from highly concentrated carbohydrates, which can provide useful information on designing a process for the large‐scale refining of biomass in ILs.
Photoelectrochemical Properties and Characterization of CdS/CdSe Heterojunctions Obtained by CBD on ITO and p–Si Substrates
Authors: Ozmen S. Ildan , Diallo Matar , Suna Karatekin Rukan , Gubur H. Metin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research investigates the optical, structural, electrical, and photoelectrochemical characteristics of CdS/CdSe heterojunctions formed on both ITO and p–Si substrates. The deposition of CdS and CdSe films was carried out using the chemical bath deposition method, which is economical and simple method. The optical, structural, and electrical properties of CdS/CdSe heterojunctions were analyzed through UV–Vis spectrometry, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, field emission–scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and Hall‐effect measurements. Furthermore, Mott–Schottky analysis was employed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the semiconductor CdS/CdSe heterojunctions on both ITO and p–Si substrates. Additionally, the photoelectrochemical investigations of CdS/CdSe heterojunctions on ITO and p–Si substrates were conducted by electrochemical analyses using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and photocurrent – time plots under both dark and illuminated conditions.
Development of PANI/FeS2/MnO2 Composite Electrode Materials for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Li Ke , Li Zhifang , Cui Jinxing , Zhou Boyang , Dong Weiwei , Zhang Boxuan , Yang Changlong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPolyaniline (PANI) has unique physical and chemical peculiarities, so it has been widely researched in the field of energy storage. However, its structure is easy to be damaged during charging and discharging, which seriously affects its application. PANI/FeS2/MnO2 composite materials were successfully prepared by an easy combination of chemical precipitation and chemical oxidative polymerization. The electrochemical test results manifested that the specific capacitance of PANI/FeS2/MnO2 4 : 1 : 3 was 580 F/g at 1 A/g, and had great cyclic stability (capacitance retention rate was 85.2 % after 10000 cycles at 5 A/g). It was because that reticular structure shortened the ion transport path. On the other hand, it was able to effectively mitigate the volume change during long‐term charging and discharging, thus improving the cycling stability. In addition, PANI/FeS2/MnO2 4 : 1 : 3 as the positive and activated carbon (AC) as the negative, an asymmetrical supercapacitor was assembled with a maximal energy density of 37.93 Wh/kg when its power density was 0.85 kW/kg. At the same time, the device possessed a long cycle life (the capacitance conservation rate was 82 % after 5000 cycles at 5 A/g). This excellent performance is due to the excellent synergy between the PANI, FeS2 and MnO2. This study opens a new way to investigate polyaniline‐based composite electrode materials.
Magnetic Characterization of Human Intrinsically Magnetic Monocytes Through a Novel Optical Tracking‐Based Magnetic Sensor
Authors: Wu Linyuan , Zhang Yuxin , Zhao Fengfeng , Sheng Jingyi , Gu Ning 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntrinsically magnetic cells naturally occur within organisms and are believed to be linked to iron metabolism and certain cellular functions while the functional significance of this magnetism is largely unexplored. To better understand this property, an approach named Optical Tracking‐based Magnetic Sensor (OTMS) has been developed. This multi‐target tracking system is designed to measure the magnetic moment of individual cells. The OTMS generates a tunable magnetic field and induces movement in magnetic cells that are subsequently analyzed through a learning‐based tracking‐by‐detection system. The magnetic moment of numerous cells can be calculated simultaneously, thereby providing a quantitative tool to assess cellular magnetic properties within populations. Upon deploying the OTMS, a stable population of magnetic cells in human peripheral monocytes is discovered. Further application in the analysis of clinical blood samples reveals an intriguing pattern: the proportion of magnetic monocytes differs significantly between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and healthy volunteers. This variation is positively correlated with disease activity, a trend not observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study, therefore, presents a new frontier in the investigation of the magnetic characteristics of naturally occurring magnetic cells, opening the door to potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications that leverage cellular magnetism.
Transfer‐Printing of Insoluble Conducting Polymer for Soft 3D Conformal All‐Organic Transistors
Authors: Zhao Pengfei , Wang Xue , Tong Yanhong , Zhao Xiaoli , Tang Qingxin , Liu Yichun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe development of high‐precision insoluble conducting polymer patterns for soft electronics is extremely challenging, mainly because of the incompatibility of the synthesis process with the underlying layers. In this study, a novel transfer‐printing method is designed that enables the fabrication of photolithographic insoluble conducting polypyrrole (PPy) electrode patterns on soft substrates with high precision, demonstrating compatibility with various soft organic functional layers. Excellent mechanical stability, good biocompatibility, ultra‐smooth surface, and outstanding conformability are observed. The photolithographic PPy electrode patterns, combined with an elastic organic semiconductor and dielectric, produce conformal all‐organic transistors with mobility of 1.8 cm2 V−1 s−1. This study paves the way to use insoluble conducting polymers to develop complex, high‐density flexible patterns and offers a promising organic electrode for the new‐generation soft all‐organic electronics.
1‐D Carbon Nano‐Coils Derived from Almond Skin: Exhibiting Density of State, Diffusivity, Electron Transfer Rate, and Dopamine Redox Modulation Properties Akin to Graphene Oxide
Authors: Appiah‐Ntiamoah Richard , Guye Meseret Ethiopia , Dabaro Mintesinot Dessalegn , Kim Hern 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe quest to develop graphene‐like biomass‐carbon for advanced biomolecule redox modulation and sensing remains a challenge. The primary obstacle is the limited ability of biomass to undergo extensive graphitization during pyrolysis resulting in the formation of amorphous carbon materials with a small carbon‐double‐bond‐carbon domain size (Lsp2), density of state (LDOS), ion diffusivity (D), and electron transfer rate constant (Ks). Herein, using almond skin (AS) the morphology of biomass is demonstrated as the key to overcoming these limitations. AS consists of 1D syringyl/guaiacyl lignin nano‐coils which under H2/H2 annealing transform into pyrolytic 1D carbon nano‐coils (r‐gC). Spectroscopy and microscopy analyses reveal that the sheet layering structure, crystallinity, LDOS, and Lsp2 of r‐gC mimic those of graphene oxide (GO). Moreover, its unique 1D morphology and profound microstructure facilitate faster charge transfer and ion diffusion than GO's planar structure, leading to better redox modulation and sensing of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) in physiological fluids. r‐gC's DA detection limit of 3.62 nM is below the lower threshold found in humans and on par with the state‐of‐the‐art. r‐gC is also DA‐selective over 14 biochemicals. This study reveals that biomasses with well‐defined and compact lignin structures are best suited for developing highly electroactive graphene‐like biomass carbon.