bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multimodal and interpretable-based approach for improving melanoma detection using dermoscopy images
Authors: Gómez-Martínez Vanesa , Chushig-Muzo David , Veierød Marit B. , Granja Conceição , Soguero-Ruiz Cristina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: The global incidence of skin cancers, particularly melanoma, the deadliest among them, has risen in recent decades. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has yielded remarkable results across diverse domains including healthcare. However, most AI models for skin cancer prediction primarily focus on a single data type or modality, such as images. Emerging research highlights the potential of multimodal approaches to enhance predictive performance and interpretability in clinical tasks.
Methods: In this work, the effectiveness of multimodal fusion methods —including early and late fusion— for the detection of melanoma is assessed. Three public skin image datasets (ISIC, PH2, and Derm7pt) were considered, and two types of modalities were used, including dermoscopy images and tabular data comprising metadata, image features, and image embeddings. This study employed AI-based image classification and extended feature extraction to capture the color and texture characteristics of skin lesions, aiming to discover factors related to melanoma.
Results: Experimental findings reveal that the proposed multimodal fusion methods outperform single-modality models. Early fusion methods achieve the highest classification results, with an overall AUCROC of 0.873, 0.963, and 0.857 for ISIC, PH2, and Derm7pt, respectively. Compared with models trained with single-modality data, fusion approaches exhibited notable improvements of 6.67% (ISIC), 8.27% (Derm7pt), and 7% (PH2) in AUCROC. Two post-hoc techniques were used for detecting salient regions in dermoscopy images and identifying the most relevant image features for melanoma diagnosis.
Conclusions: These results hold promise for early skin lesion detection, contributing valuable support to dermatologists in their daily practice.
First-order loss estimation for subaqueous mass-movement generated tsunamis on perialpine lakes
Authors: Strupler Michael , Papadopoulos Athanasios N. , Wiemer Stefan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Subaqueous mass movements can trigger tsunami waves not only in the oceans, but also on lakes. For a few Swiss perialpine lakes, tsunamis have been documented in historical reports (e.g. Cysat 1969; Favrod 1991), mainly caused by earthquake-triggered subaqueous mass movements. In addition, results from numerical modelling show that tsunamis may occur again on perialpine lakes (e.g. Hilbe and Anselmetti 2015). To be prepared for such events, a quantitative risk assessment is essential. Although several authors have tried to quantify marine tsunami risk, the possible impact of lake tsunamis remains understudied. Herein, we leverage recent work that modeled possible earthquake-triggered mass movement tsunami scenarios on the well-investigated Lake Lucerne in Switzerland and proceed to obtain some fist-order estimates of possible earthquake- and tsunami-induced economic losses. We use tsunami intensity footprints, in terms of flow depth and momentum flux, conditional on subaqueous mass movements triggered by 475- and 2475-year ground motions. These are overlaid with the built exposure at the village of Buochs-Ennetbürgen, located at the shore of Lake Lucerne. Earthquake and tsunami damage is computed based on fragility and consequence information retrieved from the Earthquake Risk Model of Switzerland (ERM-CH23) and the HAZUS tsunami model. Earthquake and tsunami losses are further contrasted and discussed. This work provides a first analysis of the tsunami risk around perialpine lakes.
Research on residential building duration prediction model based on mean clustering and neural network
Authors: Ji Fanrong , Nan Yunquan , Wei Aifang , Fan Peiyan , Luo Zhaoyuan , Song Xiaoqing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The duration target will directly affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the residential building project, so it is necessary to predict a reasonable residential building duration. In this work, genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize and improve the weights and thresholds of the BP neural network to form a GA-BP neural network model, and seven parameters, such as aboveground building structure, number of building floors, building area, decoration standards, foundation structure, number of underground building floors, and underground building area, are taken as the input parameters of the neural network model, and the residential building duration is taken as the output parameter. 111 sets of residential building duration data were collected and divided into 90 training sets and 21 test sets, and the model was validated and analyzed in comparison using root mean square error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (R) and average error rate, which were used to validate that the GA-BP neural network model helps in predicting the duration of residential buildings. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of GA-BP neural network model, this work uses artificial bee colony improved K-means clustering algorithm to classify 111 sets of experimental data and 33 sets of new data, according to the classification of the training and testing results show that the ABC-K-means-GA-B model all have a strong generalization ability and strong prediction accuracy, and at the same time, it proves that this paper's proposed ABC- K-means-GA-BP neural network helps to predict the construction period of residential buildings, which is of great practical significance for improving construction efficiency.
Effect of gradient pressure therapy on the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Dongxue Guo , Fangfei Zhao , Ran Li , Lizhi Zhou 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of gradient pressure therapy on the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and improvement in activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with breast cancer.
Methods: Eighty female patients with breast cancer were selected as research participants and divided into control and intervention, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received routine treatment and care, whereas the intervention group received gradient pressure therapy based on routine treatment and care. Incidence of peripheral neuropathy and degree of impact on ADL between the groups were compared after the intervention for cycles 2, 4, and 6.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the general information between the two groups (P>0.05). After two intervention cycles, there was no significant difference in the incidence of CIPN, various dimensions of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool (CIPNAT), and total scores between the groups (P>0.05). After four intervention cycles, the two groups had a statistically significant difference in the incidence of CIPN, sensory dimension, general activity dimension, and total CIPNAT score (P<0.05). After six intervention cycles, there was a significant difference in the incidence of CIPN, sensory dimension, fine activity dimension, general activity dimension, and total CIPNAT score between the two groups (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the other dimensions (P>0.05).
Conclusions: Gradient pressure therapy can effectively prevent or alleviate peripheral neuropathy in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and improve their ability to perform ADL. Thus, it is safe, effective, and worthy of clinical application.
Preparation of Cellulose fiber for Oil Adsorption from Cattail using Two-Stage Pretreatment and Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction
Authors: Thiamngeon Phattharamat , Pinpatthanapong Khathapon , Juntadech Nithinart C. , Rangseesuriyachai Thaneeya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cattail cellulose microfibers were produced through a sequence of hydrothermal (HTP) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pretreatments, followed by the synthesis of deep eutectic solvent (DESs). This study focuses on assessing the oil-adsorption capacity of these microfibers and explores the preparation of optimized adsorbent materials. The optimization involves DESs synthesis at temperatures of 50, 70, and 90°C, following a two-stage pretreatment process, including HTP at 180°C for 2 h and NaOH treatment at 90°C for 1 h, with an emphasis on maximizing cellulose content, hemicellulose removal, and delignification. Various oil absorption tests were conducted using the resulting absorbent materials under suitable conditions. The findings highlight that the optimal temperature for DESs synthesis is 70°C, resulting in microfibers with a composition of 43.13% cellulose, 3.88% hemicellulose, and 8.6% lignin. These absorbent materials exhibit a remarkable oil absorption capacity, capable of absorbing a variety of oils at a consistent rate of approximately 6–7 g/g. Notably, these cellulose fiber materials outperform conventional oil-absorbing materials while utilizing environmentally abundant cattails.
Technical considerations for cost-effective Transposon Directed Insertion-Site Sequencing (TraDIS)
Authors: Kyono Yasuhiro , Tolwinski Madeline , Flowers Stephanie A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Transposon Directed Insertion-Site Sequencing (TraDIS) is a high-throughput assay that defines essential bacterial genes across diverse growth conditions. However, the variability between laboratory environments often requires laborious, time-consuming modifications to its protocol. In this technical study, we aimed to refine the protocol by identifying key parameters that can impact the complexity of mutant libraries. Firstly, we discovered that adjusting electroporation parameters including transposome concentration, transposome assembly conditions, and cell densities can significantly improve the recovery of viable mutants for different Escherichia coli strains. Secondly, we found that post-electroporation conditions, such as recovery time and the use of different mediums for selecting mutants may also impact the complexity of viable mutants in the library. Finally, we developed a simplified sequencing library preparation workflow based on a Nextera-TruSeq hybrid design without compromising the ability to detect transposon-DNA junctions. The technical improvements presented in our study aim to streamline TraDIS protocols, making this powerful technique more accessible for a wider scientific audience.
Transient performance analysis of centrifugal Left Ventricular Assist Devices coupled with Windkessel model: LES study on Continuous and Pulsatile Flow operation
Authors: Megías Antonio Gil , García Roberto Navarro , Igeño Pedro Quintero , Bou Andrea Mares 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are widely used to develop and analyze blood-contacting medical devices such as Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs). This work presents an analysis of the transient behavior of two centrifugal LVADs with different designs: HeartWare VAD and HeartMate3. A scale-resolving methodology is followed by means of Large Eddy Simulations. The 3D LVAD models are coupled to a 0D 2-element Windkessel model, which accounts for the vascular resistance and compliance of the arterial system downstream of the device. Furthermore, both continuous- and pulsatile-flow operation modes are analyzed. For the pulsatile conditions, the artificial pulse of HeartMate3 is imposed, and CFD results are compared to those obtained by accessing the quasi-stationary maps of the pumps. Although the quasi-stationary results in terms of efficiency and hemolysis are not realistic, this approach can be used as a rapid tool to provide a preliminary approximation of the pulsatile evolution of flow rate, pressure head, and power, entailing a significant reduction of 99% in computational cost.
Particle-in-Cell simulation of radio-frequency ion thruster RIT-1.0
Authors: Joshi Ninad , Heiliger Christian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Ion propulsion systems with a small thrust can be used in space missions for highly accurate controllability while possessing low power and propellant consumption.
At the University of Giessen, radio-frequency ion thrusters are miniaturized with thrusts in the order of micro-Newtons ($\mu$N-RIT).
As the size of the thruster becomes smaller the plasma properties can not be measured inside a closed plasma chamber.
The simulations are needed to investigate plasma properties which would aid further opimization.
In this work, we present kinetic simulations of plasma inside the RIT-1.0 thruster using in-house developed PlasmaPIC code that incorporates Monte-Carlo collisions (MCC) and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) for neutral gas distribution.
Temperature and precipitation affect the water fetching time burden in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Paulos Abigail , Carroll David , Powers Julie , Campolo Jake , Kim Daehyun , Cohn Avery , Pickering Amy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), over 75% of the population must spend time walking to collect water from outside their home, with women and girls bearing the majority of the time burden. The proximity of households to their water source can affect child health, with more distant water sources associated with higher child diarrhea and mortality. Climate change is predicted to alter water availability in SSA through increased temperatures and changes in precipitation. Here, we used spatial first differences to estimate the causal effects of preceding weather over time periods ranging from one week to one year on household water fetching times. We merged nationally representative household survey data (n=979,759 observations collected from 34 countries) with geo- and temporally-linked precipitation and temperature preceding the date of each household survey. Increased precipitation reduced water fetching walk times; a 1cm increase in weekly rainfall over the past year was associated with a 5.1 min decrease in walking time. Elevated temperatures increased walk times; a 1°C increase in temperature over the past year was associated with a 1.2 min increase in walking time. Rural household water fetching times were more impacted by recent weather than in combined urban and rural households; however, higher electricity access in rural communities mitigated the effect. Our findings suggest that future climate change will increase the water fetching burden in SSA, but that co-provision of electricity and water infrastructure may be able to alleviate this burden.
Cooperative Diversity with Dual Relay Alamouti Scheme in Wireless Communication
Authors: Siddiqui Fazeela , Yang Jiachen , Xiao Shuai , Zhang Zhuo , Fahad Muhammad , Ali Abubakar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Wireless communication has continually faced challenges associated with fading propagation channels, with detrimental effects arising from multipath fading. Though effective in addressing these challenges, traditional diversity techniques often require multiple antennas, which a transmitter's size can constrain. This study introduces an innovative approach to overcoming these limitations through cooperative diversity. By leveraging cooperative diversity, we enable single-antenna terminals to create a virtual multi-antenna array, thereby achieving the benefits of spatial transmitting diversity without the need for physical multiple antennas. We built our cooperative system around the Alamouti code, where two relays cooperate: each relay captures, processes, and cross-verifies the transmitted information with its counterpart to ensure accuracy. This cross-verification significantly mitigates the chances of data errors. The processed data is then collectively transmitted to the intended Destination. This cooperative mechanism inherently reduces noise interference, ensuring a higher-quality signal transmission. Through extensive simulations, our results demonstrate a notable reduction in bit error rates, making a solid case for the superiority of our two-relay scheme over conventional single-relay models. Incontrovertibly, our proposed transmission mechanism provides improved signal performance and increased stability in signal propagation, representing a notable advancement in the field of wireless networks.
A Systematic Literature Mapping on the Security of 5G and Vertical Applications
Authors: Sobrinho Álvaro , Santos Matheus V. P. dos , Silva Amanda B. , Santos Danilo F. S. , Gurjao Edmar C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The deployment of 5G infrastructure is one of the main vectors for new application scenarios since it enables enhanced data bandwidth, low latency, and comprehensive signal coverage. As a result, this communication system supports various vertical applications such as the Industrial Internet of Things, smart health, smart cities, smart grids, and transportation systems. However, these applications bring new challenges to 5G networks due to specific requirements for such scenarios. Furthermore, as software-based technologies, including network slicing, software-defined networks, network function virtualization, and multi-access edge computing are a fundamental part of the 5G architecture, the network can expose these applications to new security and privacy concerns. This study summarizes the existing literature on 5G vertical applications security. We highlight vulnerabilities, threats, attacks, and solutions for 5G vertical applications. We conducted a Systematic Literature Mapping (SLM) to discuss security and privacy challenges regarding the 5G vertical applications. The SLM answered the following research question: what is the state-of-the-art regarding security in 5G networks and vertical applications? We reviewed 389 papers from 2,349 produced by searching with a curated search query and discussed vulnerabilities, threats, attacks, and solutions for 5G vertical applications. Smart cities, Industry 4.0, smart transportation, public services, smart grids, and smart health are vertical applications with relevant security concerns. We observed the need for more research since the 5G and vertical applications continuously evolve. This review also uncovers research gaps and future research directions.
Mapping competition between domestic and distant water fishing fleets in West Africa
Authors: Issifu Ibrahim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The marine waters of West Africa are one of the most productive in the world with diverse marine fish species that support livelihoods and food security for about 6.7 million people across the region. Small-scale fisheries accounts for approximately 44% of total landed catches and 48% of the total landed value, with regional catches exceeding 1.8 million tonnes and generating over 2 billion USD per year. The domestic fishing fleet consists of about 54,000 small–scale canoes, and over 3,300 industrial vessels (~ 20% are foreign owned). This study examined the interaction between domestic and Distant Water Fishing fleets (DWF) that are predominantly from Asia and the European Union. Our results indicate that domestic and DWFs target key species in the region such as marine horse mackerels (Trachurus), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus Albacares), and Senegalese hake (Merluccius senegalensis). We found that DWFs substantially overlap with domestic fleets in local fishing grounds, which has caused vessel conflicts and may be contributing to the overexploitation of fisheries resources. For instance, our analysis suggests that DWFs operate within 90% of the surface area of the Senegalese EEZ suggesting a high level of competition with the Senegalese domestic fleet for space and resources. To mitigate the overexploitation of fish stocks in West Africa by DWF, we recommend that the region should create a regional management body using the Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency as a model.
Targeting AML Growth: Vitamins' Influence on FLT3, NPM1, and RUNX1 Interactions
Authors: Dasgupta Tunnisha , Chatterjee Rounak , Mondal Moumita , Sen Soham , Banik Soumil , Pati Subhadeep , Chell Gora Chand , Chakraborty Srenwentu , Mondal Sikta , Sen Saptaparna , Jo Yongdeok , Majumdar Ujjayan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The call for implementing inhibitory methods in cancer treatment has intensified. Recently, cancer has deeply affected society, with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) being identified as one of the most formidable and lethal adversaries. This research investigates the intricate interactions between vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K and critical signaling pathways, such as NPM1, FLT3, and RUNX1, uncovering meaningful associations. Employing the precision of molecular docking with Autodock Vina 1.5.7, a thorough exploration of these interactions was carried out. The analysis entailed a detailed examination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic aspects using LigPlot, complemented by additional insights visualized through PyMol. The considerable occurrence of observed hydrophilic interactions, coupled with the noteworthy binding energy, underscores the potential of vitamin-related derivatives as promising contenders for inhibitory cancer treatments. However, the realization of this potential is contingent upon subsequent investigations, including a comprehensive exploration through RT-qPCR studies. While the study has successfully identified significant interactions, the intricate dynamics of gene expression necessitate thorough studies to attain a holistic understanding of both upregulation and downregulation. In conclusion, the revelations from this study not only set the stage for potential inhibitory treatments of AML through the strategic application of vitamin-based derivatives but also underscore the transformative capabilities of these derivatives. In future research endeavors, should vitamin interactions reveal substantial downregulation, these derivatives stand poised to spearhead innovative cancer treatments, marking a transformative era in targeted drug delivery.