bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extreme fire weather in Chile driven by climate change and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
Authors: Cordero Raúl R. , Feron Sarah , Damiani Alessandro , Carrasco Jorge , Karas Cyrus , Wang Chenghao , Kraamwinkel Clarisse T. , Beaulieu Anne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA string of fierce fires broke out in Chile in the austral summer 2023, just six years after the record-breaking 2017 fire season. Favored by extreme weather conditions, fire activity has dramatically risen in recent years in this Andean country. A total of 1.7 million ha. burned during the last decade, tripling figures of the prior decade. Six of the seven most destructive fire seasons on record occurred since 2014. Here, we analyze the progression during the last two decades of the weather conditions associated with increased fire risk in Central Chile (30°–39° S). Fire weather conditions (including high temperatures, low humidity, dryness, and strong winds) increase the potential for wildfires, once ignited, to rapidly spread. We show that the concurrence of El Niño and climate-fueled droughts and heatwaves boost the local fire risk and have decisively contributed to the intense fire activity recently seen in Central Chile. Our results also suggest that the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean variability modulates the seasonal fire weather in the country, driving in turn the interannual fire activity. The signature of the warm anomalies in the Niño 1 + 2 region (0°–10° S, 90° W–80° W) is apparent on the burned area records seen in Central Chile in 2017 and 2023.
Application of multi-gene genetic programming to the prognosis prediction of COVID-19 using routine hematological variables
Authors: Niazkar Hamid Reza , Moshari Jalil , Khajavi Abdoljavad , Ghorbani Mohammad , Niazkar Majid , Negari Aida 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIdentifying patients who may develop severe COVID-19 has been of interest to clinical physicians since it facilitates personalized treatment and optimizes the allocation of medical resources. In this study, multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP), as an advanced artificial intelligence (AI) tool, was used to determine the importance of laboratory predictors in the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. The present retrospective study was conducted on 1455 patients with COVID-19 (727 males and 728 females), who were admitted to Allameh Behlool Gonabadi Hospital, Gonabad, Iran in 2020–2021. For each patient, the demographic characteristics, common laboratory tests at the time of admission, duration of hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were collected through the electronic information system of the hospital. Then, the data were normalized and randomly divided into training and test data. Furthermore, mathematical prediction models were developed by MGGP for each gender. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the significance of input parameters on the COVID-19 prognosis. Based on the achieved results, MGGP is able to predict the mortality of COVID-19 patients with an accuracy of 60–92%, the duration of hospital stay with an accuracy of 53–65%, and admission to the ICU with an accuracy of 76–91%, using common hematological tests at the time of admission. Also, sensitivity analysis indicated that blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) play key roles in the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. AI techniques, such as MGGP, can be used in the triage and prognosis prediction of COVID-19 patients. In addition, due to the sensitivity of BUN and AST in the estimation models, further studies on the role of the mentioned parameters in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 are recommended.
Comparison between a deep-learning and a pixel-based approach for the automated quantification of HIV target cells in foreskin tissue
Authors: Shao Zhongtian , Buchanan Lane B. , Zuanazzi David , Khan Yazan N. , Khan Ali R. , Prodger Jessica L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe availability of target cells expressing the HIV receptors CD4 and CCR5 in genital tissue is a critical determinant of HIV susceptibility during sexual transmission. Quantification of immune cells in genital tissue is therefore an important outcome for studies on HIV susceptibility and prevention. Immunofluorescence microscopy allows for precise visualization of immune cells in mucosal tissues; however, this technique is limited in clinical studies by the lack of an accurate, unbiased, high-throughput image analysis method. Current pixel-based thresholding methods for cell counting struggle in tissue regions with high cell density and autofluorescence, both of which are common features in genital tissue. We describe a deep-learning approach using the publicly available StarDist method to count cells in immunofluorescence microscopy images of foreskin stained for nuclei, CD3, CD4, and CCR5. The accuracy of the model was comparable to manual counting (gold standard) and surpassed the capability of a previously described pixel-based cell counting method. We show that the performance of our deep-learning model is robust in tissue regions with high cell density and high autofluorescence. Moreover, we show that this deep-learning analysis method is both easy to implement and to adapt for the identification of other cell types in genital mucosal tissue.
Creatinine-cystatin C ratio and death with a functioning graft in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Choi Mun Chae , Kim Deok Gie , Yim Seung Hyuk , Kim Hyun Jeong , Kim Hyoung Woo , Yang Jaeseok , Kim Beom Seok , Huh Kyu Ha , Kim Myoung Soo , Lee Juhan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeath with a functioning graft is important cause of graft loss after kidney transplantation. However, little is known about factors predicting death with a functioning graft among kidney transplant recipients. In this study, we evaluated the association between post-transplant creatinine-cystatin C ratio and death with a functioning graft in 1592 kidney transplant recipients. We divided the patients into tertiles based on sex-specific creatinine-cystatin C ratio. Among the 1592 recipients, 39.5% were female, and 86.1% underwent living-donor kidney transplantation. The cut-off value for the lowest creatinine-cystatin C ratio tertile was 0.86 in males and 0.73 in females. The lowest tertile had a significantly lower 5-year patient survival rate and was independently associated with death with a functioning graft (adjusted hazard ratio 2.574, 95% confidence interval 1.339–4.950, P < 0.001). Infection was the most common cause of death in the lowest tertile group, accounting for 62% of deaths. A low creatinine-cystatin C ratio was significantly associated with an increased risk of death with a functioning graft after kidney transplantation.
Contrasting latitudinal evolution of East Asian monsoonal precipitation during the Last Interglacial (130–120 ka)
Authors: Jiang Nanxuan , Yan Qing , Wang Huijun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEvolution of East Asian monsoonal precipitation across the Last Interglacial (LIG) remains controversial, owing to the discrepancies between various proxies and their low temporal resolution. Through a transient high-resolution global climate simulation covering the interval of 130–120 ka, we illustrate a long-term increasing (decreasing) trend in summer precipitation over south China (northeast Asia) during the LIG (i.e. 130–120 ka). The out-of-phase precipitation evolution across latitudes were coherently regulated by the weakened monsoonal circulation, southward moved western North Pacific high, and southward displaced East Asian westerly jet from the early to late LIG. These atmospheric circulation variations were in turn determined by sea surface temperature anomalies over the Pacific and the propagation of extratropical Rossby waves originating from North Africa. Our results may provide important insights for reconciling discrepancies between precipitation proxies during the LIG and for precipitation behavior in a warmer-than-present world.
An intriguing vision for transatlantic collaborative health data use and artificial intelligence development
Authors: Baumgart Daniel C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOur traditional approach to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, can no longer process and transform the enormous volume of information into therapeutic success, innovative discovery, and health economic performance. Precision health, i.e., the right treatment, for the right person, at the right time in the right place, is enabled through a learning health system, in which medicine and multidisciplinary science, economic viability, diverse culture, and empowered patient’s preferences are digitally integrated and conceptually aligned for continuous improvement and maintenance of health, wellbeing, and equity. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been successfully evaluated in risk stratification, accurate diagnosis, and treatment allocation, and to prevent health disparities. There is one caveat though: dependable AI models need to be trained on population-representative, large and deep data sets by multidisciplinary and multinational teams to avoid developer, statistical and social bias. Such applications and models can neither be created nor validated with data at the country, let alone institutional level and require a new dimension of collaboration, a cultural change with the establishment of trust in a precompetitive space. The Data for Health (#DFH23) conference in Berlin and the Follow-Up Workshop at Harvard University in Boston hosted a representative group of stakeholders in society, academia, industry, and government. With the momentum #DFH23 created, the European Health Data Space (EHDS) as a solid and safe foundation for consented collaborative health data use and the G7 Hiroshima AI process in place, we call on citizens and their governments to fully support digital transformation of medicine, research and innovation including AI.
Paris targets within reach by aligning, broadening and strengthening net-zero pledges
Authors: Dafnomilis Ioannis , den Elzen Michel , van Vuuren Detlef 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMany countries have recently announced the ambition to reach net-zero emissions targets. Here we explore the climate and energy transition impacts of the following strategies using the IMAGE integrated assessment model: 1) implementing the pledged 2030 targets and net-zero targets, 2) aligning the 2030 emission targets with the net-zero targets, 3) broadening the coalition of net-zero countries, and 4) strengthening the net-zero pledges by bringing them forward in time. The results illustrate that each step could accelerate the low-carbon transition by building on existing elements in international climate policy. Our study shows that the gap between a continuation of current emission trends and a Paris-aligned 1.5 °C target can be reduced by about 90% by 2100. This provides a pathway to bring the Paris Agreement climate goals within reach.
Help-seeking behaviours and experiences for mental health symptoms related to the menstrual cycle: a UK-wide exploratory survey
Authors: Funnell Erin L. , Martin-Key Nayra A. , Spadaro Benedetta , Bahn Sabine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPremenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are menstrual cycle-related disorders characterised by psychological and physical symptoms which impact functioning. Little is known about avenues for help-seeking for these disorders. Therefore, we sought to examine help-seeking behaviours and experiences. An online survey was delivered and data from 530 participants whose mental health was affected by their menstrual cycle were analysed. All participants endorsed at least one premenstrual symptom, with 97.17% experiencing functional impairment. Help was sought by 64.91% (online: 29.81%; formal: 7.36%; online and formal: 27.74%), with 78.49% perceiving that their symptoms were not taken seriously when seeking formal help. Most sought help online to look up symptoms (85.57%) and treatment options (39.67%). The study revealed an association between premenstrual symptoms and mental wellbeing, as well as revealing a high prevalence of online help-seeking, emphasising the need for high-quality, evidence-based online resources and improvement of formal care provision.
Interferon induced circRNAs escape herpesvirus host shutoff and suppress lytic infection
Authors: Dremel Sarah E , Tagawa Takanobu , Koparde Vishal N , Hernandez-Perez Carmen , Arbuckle Jesse H , Kristie Thomas M , Krug Laurie T , Ziegelbauer Joseph M 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo globally profile circRNAs, we employ RNA-Sequencing paired with chimeric junction analysis for alpha-, beta-, and gamma-herpesvirus infection. We find circRNAs are, as a population, resistant to host shutoff. We validate this observation using ectopic expression assays of human and murine herpesvirus endoribonucleases. During lytic infection, four circRNAs are commonly induced across all subfamilies of human herpesviruses, suggesting a shared mechanism of regulation. We test one such mechanism, namely how interferon-stimulation influences circRNA expression. 67 circRNAs are upregulated by either interferon-β or -γ treatment, with half of these also upregulated during lytic infection. Using gain and loss of function studies we find an interferon-stimulated circRNA, circRELL1, inhibits lytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 infection. We previously reported circRELL1 inhibits lytic Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection, suggesting a pan-herpesvirus antiviral activity. We propose a two-pronged model in which interferon-stimulated genes may encode both mRNA and circRNA with antiviral activity. This is critical in cases of host shutoff, such as alpha- and gamma-herpesvirus infection, where the mRNA products are degraded but circRNAs escape.
Achieving ultra-trace analysis and multi-light driven photodegradation toward phenolic derivatives via a bifunctional catalyst derived from a Cu(i)-complex-modified polyoxometalate
Authors: Li Shuang , Wang Bingqian , Liu Guocheng , Li Xiaohui , Sun Chang , Zhang Zhong , Wang Xiuli 
Published: January 2024

A polyoxometalate-based bifunctional catalyst was applied for the “nM” detection of phenolic derivatives, and exhibited good removal efficiencies under UV light, visible light, NIR light, full spectrum light, and sunlight irradiation to phenol.
Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Version of Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six–34
Authors: Çağlar Nazmiye Atila , Erbaş Ayşın Noyan , Tığrak Arcan , Özcebe Esra 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
Speech and language disorders can negatively affect preschool children's communicative participation skills. Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six–34 (FOCUS-34) is a valid and reliable scale that evaluates communicative participation in preschool children with speech and language disorders. This study aimed to establish the Turkish version of FOCUS-34 (FOCUS-34-TR) and investigate its validity and reliability.

Method:
A total of 175 children with language disorders, speech sound disorders, and fluency disorders (aged 20–72 months) and their parents were included in the study. Parents were asked to complete the demographic information form, the FOCUS-34-TR scale, and the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social–Emotional (ASQ-SE) Turkish version. The construct validity, convergent and divergent validity, internal consistency, and test–retest reliability of the scale were investigated.

Results:

The FOCUS-34-TR had high values for internal consistency (α = .97) and test–retest reliability (
r
= .95). The correlations between the FOCUS-34-TR total score and its subscales were between .77 and .90. A moderately significant negative correlation was found between the FOCUS-34-TR scale and the ASQ-SE.

Conclusion:
The Turkish version of FOCUS-34 is a valid and reliable scale that can be used in clinics and for research purposes to evaluate the communicative participation skills of Turkish-speaking preschool children with speech and language disorders.
A Comparison of Lingual Pressure Generation Measures Using Two Devices in Community-Dwelling, Typically Aging Adults: An Important Clinical Implication
Authors: Drulia Teresa , Szynkiewicz Sarah , Griffin Lindsay , Mulheren Rachel , Murray Kelsey , Kamarunas Erin 
Published: January 2024

Design:
A multisite, prospective, and randomized within-subject design study.

Setting:
Five university settings in varied geographical areas in the United States.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to compare lingual pressure generation using the Tongueometer (TO) and the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) in typically aging, community-dwelling adults during three measurement tasks: maximum isometric pressure (MIP), regular effort saliva swallow (RESS) pressure, and effortful saliva swallow pressure (ESP).

Participants:
Eighty-seven typically aging, community-dwelling adults (aged 55 years and over) with no self-reported history of swallowing or neurological disorders were recruited to complete this study.

Results:

Strong positive associations were found between the lingual pressure generation measures from the TO and IOPI in all tasks in typically aging adults, with Pearson correlations ranging from
r
= .780 to .874,
p
< .001. Agreement between the devices (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient) ranged from moderate for the MIP (ρ
c
= .78) and ESP (ρ
c
= .61) tasks to weak agreement for the RESS task (ρ
c
= .47). MIP, RESS pressure, and ESP were lower when measured by the TO compared with the IOPI,
p
< .001.

Conclusions:
The TO measures lingual pressure generation similarly to the IOPI but pressures register lower when using the TO than the IOPI in typically aging persons. This supports the need for developing normative values specific to the TO device or development of a valid and reliable conversion formula from TO to IOPI normative values. At this time, the clinical use of reference values from the TO should not be generalized to IOPI normative values.
Insulation characteristics of polyimide film used in liquid nitrogen of compact HTS transformers
Authors: Zhou Qibin , Xiao Yijie , Bian Xiaoyan , Tang Feipeng , Wang Xi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSince compact high temperature superconducting (HTS) transformer has a small size and high efficiency, it can meet the requirements of high‐voltage transformers for vehicle‐mounted mobile substation. However, due to the small internal insulation size of the compact HTS transformers, it is necessary to improve the insulation strength to ensure the insulation safety of the transformer. Reasonable main insulation structure can greatly improve the insulation level of transformer. Based on the design theory of main insulation structure, this paper designs a main insulation structure model “small liquid nitrogen gap—barrier” suitable for compact HTS transformer. The insulation withstand voltage experiment of the main insulation structure shows that when the liquid nitrogen gap distance is less than 8 mm, the insulation strength of liquid nitrogen in the structure is improved. When the liquid nitrogen gap distance is too small, the size and thickness of the barrier will affect the insulation strength of the structure. According to the insulation strength of main insulation structures with different liquid nitrogen gaps, the feasibility of “small liquid nitrogen gap—barrier” main insulation structure is verified. The small liquid nitrogen gap structure can be adopted for the main insulation of compact HTS transformer.
Coordinated restoration of inverter‐based power sources and synchronous generators for the high renewable penetrated power system considering the dynamic frequency regulation capability
Authors: Yang Chao , Liao Huanxin , Liang Gaoqi , Gao Huisheng , Xin Huanhai , Zhao Junhua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExtensive inverter‐based power sources (IPS) impose significant challenges on the restoration of high renewable penetrated power systems (HRPPS). To enhance HRPPS resilience, the proper utilization of IPSs must be implemented. Combining frequency dynamics of IPSs and synchronous generators, this paper proposes a coordinated restoration method for multi‐type power sources after a major blackout. First, interactions between synchronous generators and IPSs are systematically analyzed. Based on this, output characteristics and constraints of IPSs in the power sources restoration process are quantified. Second, the dynamic frequency regulation capability (DFRC) of restored systems is quantified based on a unified transfer function structure model. Then the maximum power disturbance that restored systems can bear is derived based on DFRC indices including the maximum frequency deviation and the rate of change of frequency. Third, considering interactions between power sources and the DFRC of restored systems, a coordinated restoration optimization model of multi‐type power sources is proposed. Finally, case studies based on a modified IEEE 39‐bus system are simulated to verify the applicability and superiority of the proposed method. Meanwhile, results show that the proposed method for quantifying DFRC is more suitable for HRPPSs than traditional inertia‐based methods.
Oral lichen planus pemphigoid : a case report of a rare disease treated by topical Tacrolimus mouthwash and Hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Douley Jeremy , Fricain Jean-Christophe 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Oral Lichen Planus Pemphigoid (LPP) is the rare association of lichen planus and Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP) whose therapeutic lines are poorly defined. Bilateral and symmetrical reticulated white lesions characteristic of lichen planus (LP) most often precede the painful post-bullous ulcerations of pemphigoid (P). The oral LPP is very rare and the treatment is not codified. This report described a rare case of oral LPP, successfully treated with an original combo of topical Tacrolimus and hydroxychloroquine. Observation: A 72 yr old patient was referred to the unit of the oral mucosa pathology and oro-facial pain, of the oral surgery service of Bordeaux hospital. He has painful mouth ulcerations accompanied by reticulated and symmetrical white lesions. A biopsy to perform an anatomopathological examination and a direct immunofluorescence founds the anatomopathological characteristics of LP and P.As first line of treatment, local and general corticosteroid therapy was undertaken to reduce inflammation. The result was not totally satisfactory. As second line of treatment topical Tacrolimus and hydroxychloroquine made it possible to reduce drastically the patient's erosive and ulcerated lesions. Conclusion: The combination of topical tacrolimus and HCQ should be considerated as second line of treatment for LPP resistant to corticotherapy.
Umsetzung der Berufskrankheiten (BK)-Reform: Auswirkungen in der Praxis
Authors: Skudlik Christoph 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDurch die Reform des Berufskrankheitenrechts zum 01.01.2021 mit Wegfall des Unterlassungszwangs sind die Voraussetzungen zur Anerkennung einer Berufskrankheit Nr. 5101 wesentlich erleichtert worden. Maßgebliche Anerkennungsvoraussetzung ist nunmehr v.a. das Kriterium der Schwere, welches sich insbesondere aus dem Ansprechen der beruflich verursachten oder verschlimmerten Hauterkrankung auf dermatologische Therapie und Prävention ergibt. Aus der Anerkennung einer Berufsdermatose als Berufskrankheit ergeben sich für die betroffenen Patienten und die Hautarztpraxis Vorteile im Hinblick auf Kostenübernahme und Spektrum der therapeutischen Maßnahmen. Weiterhin bleiben der Hautarztbericht und das Hautarztverfahren die zentralen Elemente hinsichtlich Meldung und dermatologischer Versorgung von Patienten mit Berufsdermatosen.