bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of early cold stress on the maturation of rice anthers
Authors: Imin Nijat , Kerim Tursun , Rolfe Barry G. , Weinman Jeremy J. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractMale reproductive development in rice (Oryza sativa Linnaeus is very sensitive to various forms of environmental stresses including low temperature. Here, we present our findings on the proteomic analysis of the later developmental consequences of low temperature treatment on rice anthers. Anther proteins at the trinucleate stage, with or without cold treatment for four days at 12°C at the young microspore stage, were extracted, separated by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE) and compared. More than 3000 rice anther proteins of cold‐sensitive cultivar Doongara plants at the trinucleate stage were resolved on 2‐DE gels over a pH range of 4–7 and detected by silver‐staining. Seventy protein spots were differentially displayed after four days of cold treatment at the young microspore stage. Of these, 12 protein spots were newly‐induced, 47 were up‐regulated, and 11 were down‐regulated by cold treatment at the early microspore stage. We identified 18 by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) analysis. Of the identified proteins, seven were observed as breakdown (cleavage) products by a combination of 2‐DE and MALDI‐TOF analysis, thus demonstrating for the first time that cold temperature stress at the young microspore stage enhances and induces partial degradation of proteins in the rice anthers at the trinucleate stage.
Hepatoprotective effect of New Livﬁt®, a polyherbal formulation, is mediated through its free radical scavenging activity
Authors: Gupta Y. K. , Sharma Monisha , Chaudhary Geeta , Katiyar C. K. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe effect of New Livﬁt®, a polyherbal formulation, was studied on pyrogallol‐induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Administration of pyrogallol 100 mg/kg, i.p. caused a signiﬁcant increase in liver enzymes as well as a signiﬁcant increase in lipid peroxidation. Simultaneous administration of oral New Livﬁt® and pyrogallol prevented these changes in hepatic damage. The results of the study showed that New Livﬁt® exerted a hepatoprotective effect against pyrogallol induced liver toxicity, which was mediated through its free radical scavenging property. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Amirkabiria odorastissima mozaffarian on the development and progression of fatty streaks in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
Authors: Asgary S. , Naderi Gh. , Dashti Gh. , Paknahad Z. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractNew studies have introduced atherosclerosis as an inﬂammatory disease. Different factors affect the development of inﬂammation that can be linked to free radicals, hypertention, diabetes mellitus, genetic changes, hypercholesterolemia and some of the microorganisms. Using anti‐inﬂammatory drugs can be useful in preventing atherosclerosis. Finding drugs from natural sources and without side‐effects can be useful. Amirkabiria odoratissima (umbelliferae) is from Iranian ﬂora and is used traditionally as an anti‐inﬂammatory drug. This study was designed to assess the effects of this plant on the development and progression of fatty streaks. Male rabbits were fed: (a) rabbit chow; (b) 1% cholesterol diet; (c) cholesterol diet supplemented with the plant; (d) normal diet supplemented with the plant. After 12 weeks, the animals were sacriﬁced and the aorta, right and left branches of coronary arteries were dissected and histologically processed. Before and after the end of the study, biochemical factors were measured. The amounts of cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglyceride and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were determined by enzymatic methods, quantitative CRP was determined by turbidimetric methods, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant capacity were determined by speceterophotometric methods. The results indicate that there is a signiﬁcant difference between the groups supplemented with herbal medicine and others (p < 0.05) in the mean grade of fatty streak of right and left coronary artery and aorta. At the end of the 12‐week period cholesterol, LDL and CRP were signiﬁcantly reduced in the groups which received herbal medicine (p < 0.05). The data suggests that Amirkabiria odoratissima Mozaffarian has beneﬁcial effects to prevent development of fatty streak; however, further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms whereby this plant exerts its anti‐atherosclerotic effects. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypoglycaemic effect of stigmast‐4‐en‐3‐one and its corresponding alcohol from the bark of Anacardium occidentale (cashew)
Authors: Alexander‐Lindo Ruby Lisa , Morrison E.Y. St. A. , Nair Muraleedharan G. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIntravenous administration of the hexane extract of the bark of Anacardium occidentale (cashew) in normal, healthy dogs produced a signiﬁcant lowering of the blood glucose levels. Pursuit of the hypoglycaemic principle(s) in the hexane extract resulted in the isolation and characterization of two compounds, stigmast‐4‐en‐3‐ol (1) and stigmast‐4‐en‐3‐one (2). These compounds were puriﬁed by chromatographic methods and the structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Both compounds produced signiﬁcant hypoglycaemic activity after intravenous administration at a dose of 1.3 mg/kg body weight. The bark of the cashew plant, A. occidentale, exhibited a hypoglycaemic effect probably due to the presence of these compounds. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hepatoprotective activity of Centaurium erythraea on acetaminophen‐induced hepatotoxicity in rats
Authors: Mroueh Mohamad , Saab Yolande , Rizkallah Raed 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe methanol extract of the leaves of Centaurium erythraea L. (Gentianaceae) was evaluated for hepatoprotective activity against acetaminophen‐induced liver toxicity in rats. An oral dose of 300 mg/kg/day for 6 days or a single dose of 900 mg/kg for 1 day exhibited a signiﬁcant protective effect by lowering serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The activity of the extract was supported by histopathological examination of liver sections. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reproducible product‐ion tandem mass spectra on various liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry instruments for the development of spectral libraries
Authors: Bristow Anthony W. T. , Webb Kenneth S. , Lubben Anneke T. , Halket John 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe results of the comparison of product‐ion tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra recorded on three ion trap mass spectrometers, a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer are reported. The spectra were recorded in accordance with a simple experimental protocol, which involved the collision‐induced dissociation (CID) attenuation of the abundance of the [M+H]+ ion to between 10 and 50% of its original abundance.The degree of similarity between the spectra from four of the mass spectrometers was calculated off‐line by comparing the five most abundant ions from the spectrum on each instrument. A percentage fit value (20% for each ion that matches) was calculated by comparing each spectrum against the spectra recorded for the same compound on each instrument. The percentage of the inter‐library pairwise comparisons (total = 434) that matched to ≥60% ranged from 64–89%, depending on the instrument pair. A blind trial was also undertaken using five unknown compounds resulting in 1670 pairwise comparisons with the library entries. The blind trial produced no false positives and correct identifications in all cases. The results of the study have established the basis for the construction of a transferable product‐ion MS/MS library. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using sol–gel/crown ether hybrid materials as desalting substrates for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization analysis of oligonucleotides
Authors: Weng Mao‐Feng , Chen Yu‐Chie 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis study demonstrates the feasibility of using sol–gel/crown ether hybrid materials as sample substrates that reduce the intensity of the signals of sodium ion adducts of oligonucleotides during matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) analysis. 2‐Hydroxymethyl[15]crown‐5 and 2‐hydroxymethyl[18]crown‐6 were added as dopants during the sol–gel process to generate desalting substrates for MALDI sample deposition. The results demonstrate that the sol–gel/crown ether hybrid materials effectively suppress the formation of sodiated oligonucleotides during MALDI analysis. The largest detectable molecular size for an oligonucleotide was a 100‐mer, and the detection limit for an oligonucleotide 36‐mer was ca. 20 fmol. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrasound imaging of the pelvic floor. Part II: three‐dimensional or volume imaging
Authors: Dietz H. P. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn this second part of a review of pelvic floor ultrasound imaging, current three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound technology and its use for imaging pelvic floor structure and function is described. Recent technical developments enable rapid automated volume acquisition in real time, and currently available transducers designed for abdominal use are well suited for translabial/transperineal imaging. To date, such systems have been used to image the urethra, the levator ani and paravaginal supports, prolapse and implants used in pelvic floor reconstruction and anti‐incontinence surgery. While 3D pelvic floor imaging is a field that is still in its infancy, it is already clear that the method has opened up entirely new opportunities for the observation of functional anatomy. Copyright © 2004 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of ultrasound and fetal fibronectin in predicting the length of induced labor when the cervix is unfavorable
Authors: Roman H. , Verspyck E. , Vercoustre L. , Degre S. , Col J. Y. , Firmin J. M. , Caron P. , Marpeau L. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo compare cervical clinical data, ultrasound parameters and fetal fibronectin assessment in the prediction of the duration of induced labor when the cervix is unfavorable.MethodsThis was a prospective study of 90 pregnant women with a Bishop score ≤ 5 undergoing labor induction. The Bishop score and its components, parity, cervical ultrasound parameters and fetal fibronectin level were analyzed using Cox's model in order to determine the most predictive factors for the duration of the latent and active phases of labor as well as its total duration.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between duration of the latent phase and the whole of labor, and digitally assessed cervical dilatation (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively), parity (P = 0.006 and P < 0.001), the Bishop score (P = 0.019 and P = 0.003) and ultrasound‐determined cervical length (P = 0.035 and P = 0.003). The length of the active phase of labor did not correlate with the cervical status. Funneling did not appear to be predictive of the duration of labor and it had a poor correlation with digital cervical dilatation. The length of the latent phase and that of the whole of labor was significantly longer when cervical dilatation was ≤ 2 cm (P < 0.001 in each case), when women were nulliparous (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001) and when ultrasound cervical length was ≥ 27 mm (P = 0.002 and P = 0.005).ConclusionCervical dilatation as assessed by digital examination is the best predictor of the duration of the latent phase and of that of the whole of labor. Ultrasound measurement of cervical length is not more accurate at predicting the duration of labor than are clinical data. Copyright © 2004 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increased risk of perinatal/neonatal death in infants who were smaller than expected at ultrasound fetometry in early pregnancy
Authors: Källén K. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate if there is an association between perinatal/neonatal death and a discrepancy between gestational age by ultrasound fetometry in early pregnancy (GAU) and gestational age by last menstrual period (GALMP), and to investigate possible causes for such an association.MethodsThe Swedish Medical Birth Registry was used to identify singleton pregnancies with information available on GALMP and GAU that were delivered in Sweden between 1990 and 2000. A total of 718 011 pregnancies was included and information on the pregnancy and delivery was obtained from the National Board of Health.ResultsInfants with a GAU at least 7 days less than the GALMP were at increased risk for stillbirth (odds ratio (OR), 1.45; 95% CI, 1.32–1.58), neonatal death within 1 month (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.67–2.09), Apgar score < 7 at 5 min (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.11–1.24), birth weight < 2500 g (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.43–1.52), and preterm birth < 37 weeks (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.42–1.49). The association between a postponed expected date of delivery and perinatal/neonatal death increased with gestational length and was especially pronounced among infants who were born after at least 40 completed weeks of pregnancy (GAU).ConclusionsA discrepancy between GAU and GALMP may indicate early disturbances in fetal/placental development. Furthermore, it can be speculated that, as the risk significantly increased with gestational duration, at least a part of the increased risk for poor pregnancy outcome in adjusted pregnancies was due to consequences of true post‐term pregnancies not being recognized as such. Copyright © 2004 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Oxalato‐bridged Lead(II) Polymer: {[Pb(phen)2(ox)]·5H20}n (phen = 1, 10‐phenanthroline, ox = oxalate)
Authors: Zhu Li‐Hong , Zeng Ming‐Hua , Ye Bao‐Hui , Chen Xiao‐Ming 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA new one‐dimensionally neutral coordination polymer, namely {[Pb(phen)2(ox)]·5H20}n (phen = 1, 10‐phenanthroline, ox = oxalate) (1), has been synthesized under hydrothermal condition and characterized by X‐ray crystallography. Complex 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pban (No. 50) with a = 19.358(2), b = 6.8135(6), c = 9.7015(8)Å, V = 1279.6(2)Å3, and Z = 2. Each Pb(II) atom is eight‐coordinated in a square‐antiprismatic D4d geometry by four nitrogen atoms from two phen groups and four oxygen atoms from two ox ligands. The polymeric chains further constructed into a three‐dimensional network via strong π—π stacking interactions and hydrogen bonds. The complex exhibits intense blue photoluminescence with an emission maximum at 403 nm at room temperature.
Phosphanimin‐Komplexe des Berylliums und Phosphaniminato‐Komplexe mit Heterokubanstruktur
Authors: Neumüller Bernhard , Dehnicke Kurt 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBerylliumdichlorid reagiert mit dem silylierten Phosphanimin Me3SiNPEt3 in Dichlormethan‐Lösung unter Bildung des monomeren Molekülkomplexes [BeCl2(Me3SiNPEt3)] (1), dessen Thermolyse bei 160 °C unter Abspaltung von Trimethylchlorsilan zu dem Phosphaniminato‐Komplex [BeCl(μ3‐NPEt3)]4 (2) mit Heterokubanstruktur führt. In Anwesenheit von BeCl2 reagiert 1 in der Schmelze zu dem Phosphaniminato‐Komplex [Be4Cl4(μ3‐Cl)(μ3‐NPEt3)3] (3), dessen Struktur sich von 2 durch Ersatz eines (μ3‐NPEt3)—‐Liganden durch einen μ3‐Chloroliganden ableitet. Als Nebenprodukt entstand aus der Lösung von 2 in Dichlormethan der Phosphanimin‐Komplex [BeCl2(μ‐HNPEt3)]2 · CH2Cl2 (4·CH2Cl2), der über zwei Cl···H‐N—Wasserstoffbrücken zu Dimeren [{BeCl2(μ‐HNPEt3)}2]2 der Symmetrie D2 assoziiert ist. 1—4·CH2Cl2 werden durch Kristallstrukturanalysen charakterisiert, 1—3 zusätzlich durch ihre IR‐Spektren.(Kristallstrukturdaten s. Abstract)
Unexpected Coordination Behaviour of a Polypyrrole Ligand
Authors: Bröring Martin , Link Stephan , Köhler Silke , Cónsul Tejero Esther 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe first coordination compounds of a hexapyrrin reveal an unexpected binding mode of longer open‐chain oligopyrroles to transition metal ions as observed by the X‐ray structural analysis of a PdII derivative.
Comparison of the Non‐linear Spin Dynamics in Antiferromagnetic Chain Compounds Na2MnF5 and (ND4)2MnF5
Authors: Pebler Jürgen , Frommen Christoph , Mangold Mathias , Stief Ronald , Krimmel Alexander , van de Kamp Reiner , Ohl Michael , Regnault Louis‐Pierre 
Published: May 2004

AbstractNa2Mn0.98Fe0.02F5 and (ND4)2Mn0.98Fe0.02F5 was studied with the aid of Mössbauer spectroscopy. These results were interpreted on the basis of classical soliton theory. In order to confirm this concept, we have performed neutron scattering experiments on large single crystals of the pure compounds. We discuss the results obtained on a thermal and cold three‐axis spectrometer, which probe the magnon spin wave excitations and the existence of the nonlinear excitations in the quasi 1‐d antiferromagnetic chains of Na2MnF5 and (ND4)2MnF5, respectively. Additionally, we include elastic neutron diffraction and dc. single crystal susceptibility measurements to determine the magnetic structure. From the width of the quasielastic scattering signal the temperature dependence of the inverse magnetic correlation lengths was derived resulting in a soliton activation energy of Es/k = 65(3) K and Es/k = 81(3) K, respectively, which are in good agreement with the soliton energies obtained by our high resolution inelastic neutron scattering experiment. In contrast to these results the Mössbauer spectroscopy gives twice the value of the soliton energy caused by soliton pair or inter‐band excitations.
Tantalum Clusters in Oxidic Matrices — Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of Eu1.83Ta15O32
Authors: Álvarez‐López Maria R. , Ritter Arno , Pietzonka Clemens , Harbrecht Bernd 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe mixed‐valent oxotantalate Eu1.83Ta15O32 was prepared from a compressed mixture of Ta2O5 and the metals in a sealed Ta ampoule at 1400 °C. The crystal structure was determined by means of single crystal X‐ray diffraction: space group R3¯, a = 777.2(6) pm and c = 3523.5(3) pm, Z = 3, 984 symmetrically independent reflections, 83 variables, RF = 0.027 for I > 2σ (I). The structure is isotypic to Ba2Nb15O32. The salient feature is a [Ta(+8/3)6O12iO6a] cluster consisting of an octahedral Ta6 core bonded to 12 edge‐bridging inner and six outer oxygen atoms. The clusters are arranged to slabs which are sandwiched by layers of [Ta(+5)3O13] triple octahedra. Additional Ta(+5) and Eu(+2) atoms provide the cohesion of these structural units. Twelve‐fold coordinated Eu(+2) atoms are situated on a triply degenerate position 33 pm displaced from the threefold axis of symmetry. A depletion of the Eu(+2) site from 6 to 5.5 atoms per unit cell reduces the number of electrons available for Ta‐Ta bonding from 15 to 14.67 electrons per cluster. Between 125 and 320 K Eu1.83Ta15O32 is semi‐conducting with a band gap of 0.23 eV. The course of the magnetization is consistently described with the Brillouin function in terms of a Mmol/(NAμB) versus B/T plot in the temperature range 5 K — 320 K and at magnetic flux densities 0.1 T — 5 T. At moderate flux densities (< 1 T) the magnetic moment agrees fairly well with the expected value of 7.94 μB for free Eu (2+) ions with 4f7 configuration in 8S7/2 ground state. Below 5 K, anisotropic magnetization measurements at flux densities B < 1 T point to an onset of an antiferromagnetic ordering of Eu spins within the layers and an incipient ferromagnetic ordering perpendicular to the layers.
Oxorhenium(V)‐ and Tricarbonylrhenium(I) Complexes with Substituted Pyrazoles as Products of the Degradation of Hydrotrispyrazolylborates
Authors: Kückmann Theresa I. , Abram Ulrich 
Published: May 2004

AbstractHydrotris(3, 5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)borate and hydrotris(3‐phenylpyrazol‐1‐yl)borate decompose during reactions with [ReOCl3(PPh3)2] and [NEt4]2[Re(CO)3Br3], respectively. The generated pyrazole ligands form complexes with the rhenium(V) oxo and the rhenium(I) tricarbonyl cores.X‐ray crystal structures of the oxo‐bridged dimer [Cl(PPh3)(O)Re(μ‐O)(μ‐Me2pz)2Re(O)(HMe2pz)Cl] (1) and [Re(CO)3(HPhpz)2(Phpz)] (2) (HMe2pz = 3, 5‐dimethylpyrazole, HPhpz = 3‐phenylpyrazole) show that the substituted pyrazoles can readily deprotonate and act as monodentate or bridging anionic ligands. Re‐N bond lengths between 2.09 and 2.14Å have been observed for the bridging and between 2.12 and 2.23Å for the terminal pyrazole ligands.
Tieftemperatur‐Oxidation in flüssigem Ammoniak: [Eu2(Ind)4(NH3)6], das erste Indolat eines Selten‐Erd‐Elementes
Authors: Müller‐Buschbaum Klaus 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIntensiv gelb‐orange, transparente Kristalle von [Eu2(Ind)4(NH3)6] (Ind = Indolat‐Anion, C8H6N—) wurden durch Tieftemperatur‐Oxidation von Europium‐Metall mit Indol (C8H6NH) in flüssigem Ammoniak bei —50 °C und anschließendem Aufschmelzen des Reaktionsgemenges in überschüssigem Indol bei 120 °C erhalten. [Eu2(Ind)4(NH3)6] zeigt einen dimeren Aufbau und enthält Eu2+‐Ionen. Die Koordinationssphäre um die Eu‐Atome besteht aus fünf N‐Atomen von zwei cis‐stehenden Indolat‐Anionen und drei NH3‐Molekülen sowie einem η5‐koordinierenden π‐System eines weiteren Indolat‐Liganden, dessen N‐Atom mit einem sp2‐Orbital zum nächsten Eu‐Atom verbrückt.
Lithium Bis(pentafluorophenyl)amide — Syntheses and Structural Characterization of its Complexes with Diethyl Ether and THF
Authors: Khvorost Alexander , Shutov Pavel L. , Harms Klaus , Lorberth Jörg , Sundermeyer Jörg , Karlov Sergey S. , Zaitseva Galina S. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe title compound, viz. (C6F5)2NLi was prepared as dimeric complexes with Et2O or THF by the reaction of (C6F5)2NH (DFDPA) with n‐BuLi. Identity and structures were established by elemental analyses, 1H, 13C, and 19F NMR spectroscopy, and IR spectroscopy. The crystal structures of dimeric [(C6F5)2NLi(Et2O)]2 (1) and [(C6F5)2NLi(THF)]2 (2) were determined by X‐ray diffraction methods.
Preventing and managing complications of induced abortion in Third World countries
Authors: Ladipo Oladipo A. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn societies with restrictive abortion laws, clandestine induced abortion by unskilled personnel results in needless and very high mortality and morbidity, tremendous strain on limited health resources, and inexcusable human suffering. Sepsis, hemorrhage, genitol tract trauma, and related ill health and sterility, could be prevented by legalizing abortion, making appropriate sex education and contraceptive services available and training physicians and nonphysicians in uterine vacuum aspiration.
Unwanted pregnancy: challenges for health policy
Authors: Pinotti JoséAristodemo , Faúndes Anibal 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn Latin America, governments fail to recognize that information and services for sexuality, reproduction and contraception are essential to women's health. Governments should adopt comprehensive women's health policies and programs to help women avoid unwanted pregnancies that lead to dangerous illegal abortions. This includes sex education, especially for adolescents; contraceptive choices; accessible services; decriminalization of abortion and removal of obstacles to legal abortion services; and support for women who wish to carry their pregnancies to term.
Commentary on a community‐based approach to reproductive health care
Authors: Bang Rani , Bang Abhay 
Published: May 2004

AbstractReproductive care needs to be broadened beyond maternity care and family planning to include care for gynecological and sexual problems, safe abortion services, and sex and reproductive health education. Our epidemiologic study of rural women has shown a very high prevalence of gynecological diseases. We tried to develop a community‐based approach to comprehensive reproductive care by undertaking participatory research, fostering mass education with the people's involvement, and by making care available through village‐based female workers and improved referral services. We end with two appeals:

“MCH” needs to be replaced by WCH: not merely Maternal and Child Health but Woman and Child Health.
Care should be provided through a community‐based participatory approach, not through narrow technocratic vertical programs. Let people shape their own lives!