bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
En Route: A Self-Reflective Lens as a Case Study
Authors: van der Westhuizen Thea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn keeping with the stated paradigm for this research, namely, that the practitioner-researcher and the participants learn jointly from their past and current experiences, I provide the following autobiographical case study, in which I reflect on the experiences in my own life (entrepreneurial experiences in particular) that I believe qualified me to lead the SHAPE systemic action learning and action research (SALAR) project.
Apéry Sets and the Ideal Class Monoid of a Numerical Semigroup
Authors: Casabella Laura , D’Anna Marco , García-Sánchez Pedro A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of this article is to study the ideal class monoid $${\mathscr {C}}\ell (S)$$

C
ℓ
(
S
)

of a numerical semigroup S introduced by V. Barucci and F. Khouja. We prove new bounds on the cardinality of $${\mathscr {C}}\ell (S)$$

C
ℓ
(
S
)

. We observe that $${\mathscr {C}}\ell (S)$$

C
ℓ
(
S
)

is isomorphic to the monoid of ideals of S whose smallest element is 0, which helps to relate $${\mathscr {C}}\ell (S)$$

C
ℓ
(
S
)

to the Apéry sets and the Kunz coordinates of S. We study some combinatorial and algebraic properties of $${\mathscr {C}}\ell (S)$$

C
ℓ
(
S
)

, including the reduction number of ideals, and the Hasse diagrams of $${\mathscr {C}}\ell (S)$$

C
ℓ
(
S
)

with respect to inclusion and addition. From these diagrams, we can recover some notable invariants of the semigroup. Finally, we prove some results about irreducible elements, atoms, quarks, and primes of $$({\mathscr {C}}\ell (S),+)$$

(
C
ℓ
(
S
)
,
+
)

. Idempotent ideals coincide with over-semigroups and idempotent quarks correspond to unitary extensions of the semigroup. We show that a numerical semigroup is irreducible if and only if $${\mathscr {C}}\ell (S)$$

C
ℓ
(
S
)

has at most two quarks.
$$\Gamma $$-conjugate weight enumerators and invariant theory
Authors: Nebe Gabriele , Scheeren Leonie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLet K be a field, $$\Gamma $$
Γ
a finite group of field automorphisms of K, F the $$\Gamma $$
Γ
-fixed field in K, and $$G\le {{\,\textrm{GL}\,}}_v(K)$$

G
≤

GL

v

(
K
)

a finite matrix group. Then the action of $$\Gamma $$
Γ
defines a grading on the symmetric algebra of the F-space $$K^v$$

K
v

which we use to introduce the notion of homogeneous $$\Gamma $$
Γ
-conjugate invariants of G. We apply this new grading in invariant theory to broaden the connection between codes and invariant theory by introducing $$\Gamma $$
Γ
-conjugate complete weight enumerators of codes. The main result of this paper applies the theory from Nebe, Rains, Sloane to show that under certain extra conditions these new weight enumerators generate the ring of $$\Gamma $$
Γ
-conjugate invariants of the associated Clifford–Weil groups. As an immediate consequence, we obtain a result by Bannai et al. that the complex conjugate weight enumerators generate the ring of complex conjugate invariants of the complex Clifford group. Also the Schur–Weyl duality conjectured and partly shown by Gross et al. can be derived from our main result.
Combustion characteristics and mechanical properties of wood impregnated with a paraffinic phase change material
Authors: Hartig Jens U. , Haller Peer 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this contribution, investigations towards multifunctional wood and timber elements impregnated with phase change materials (PCM) are presented. The purpose of the PCM impregnation is a passive air-conditioning by structural timber elements like beams, walls or ceilings and non-structural elements like flooring or wall panels. PCM have the ability to take up substantial thermal energy within a narrow, latent temperature range without increasing their temperature. The high specific heat capacity combined with low additional mass can improve the room climate in timber buildings, which have often, especially in the summer, unpleasant temperature amplitudes without active air-conditioning due to low thermal mass.In order to produce PCM-impregnated timber elements, several investigations are performed. As a first aspect, investigations related to the mechanical behaviour of PCM-impregnated wood are presented. The investigations show that in its solid state the PCM can improve the mechanical properties. In the liquid state of the PCM, the mechanical properties of the impregnated wood are on the level of PCM-free wood. A second aspect, which was investigated, is the combustion behaviour. Investigations with cone calorimetry showed that directly flamed PCM-impregnated wood acts as fire accelerant. However, reaction to fire tests of laminated non-structural elements also showed that a proper protection from direct contact to fire could enable a safe use of PCM-impregnated wood in construction elements.
Differential neurocognitive profiles in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder subtypes revealed by the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery
Authors: Somogyi Szilvia , Kilencz Tünde , Szőcs Katalin , Klein Izabella , Balogh Lívia , Molnár Rebeka , Bálint Sára , Pulay Attila J. , Nemoda Zsófia , Baradits Máté , Réthelyi János M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (aADHD) represents a heterogeneous entity incorporating different subgroups in terms of symptomatology, course, and neurocognition. Although neurocognitive dysfunction is generally associated with aADHD, its severity, association with self-reported symptoms, and differences between subtypes remain unclear. We investigated 61 outpatients (65.6% male, mean age 31.5 ± 9.5) diagnosed using DSM-5 criteria together with age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HC) (n = 58, 63.8% male, mean age 32.3 ± 9.6). Neurocognitive alterations were assessed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and compared between groups using the generalized linear model (GLM) method. Multivariate effects were tested by principal component analysis combined with multivariate pattern analysis. Self-reported symptom severity was tested for correlations with neurocognitive performance. GLM analyses revealed nominally significant differences between the aADHD and HC groups in several domains, however, only the Rapid Visual Information Processing measures survived correction, indicating impaired sustained attention and response inhibition in the aADHD group. Comparison of the predominantly inattentive and the hyperactive-impulsive/combined subtypes yielded nominally significant differences with higher levels of dysfunction in the inattentive group. In the stepwise discriminant analysis aADHD and HC groups were best separated with 2 factors representing sustained attention and reaction time. We found only weak correlations between symptom severity and CANTAB factors. aADHD patients are neuropsychologically heterogeneous and subtypes show different neurocognitive profiles. Differences between the aADHD and HC groups were driven primarily by the inattentive subtype. Sustained attention and its factor derivative showed the most significant alterations in aADHD patients.
Telomere shortening induces aging-associated phenotypes in hiPSC-derived neurons and astrocytes
Authors: Harley Jasmine , Santosa Munirah Mohamad , Ng Chong Yi , Grinchuk Oleg V. , Hor Jin-Hui , Liang Yajing , Lim Valerie Jingwen , Tee Wee Wei , Ong Derrick Sek Tong , Ng Shi-Yan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTelomere shortening is a well-established hallmark of cellular aging. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) plays a crucial role in maintaining the length of telomeres, which are specialised protective caps at the end of chromosomes. The lack of in vitro aging models, particularly for the central nervous system (CNS), has impeded progress in understanding aging and age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the possibility of inducing aging-associated features in cell types of the CNS using hiPSC (human induced pluripotent stem cell) technology. To achieve this, we utilised CRISPR/Cas9 to generate hiPSCs with a loss of telomerase function and shortened telomeres. Through directed differentiation, we generated motor neurons and astrocytes to investigate whether telomere shortening could lead to age-associated phenotypes. Our findings revealed that shortened telomeres induced age-associated characteristics in both motor neurons and astrocytes including increased cellular senescence, heightened inflammation, and elevated DNA damage. We also observed cell-type specific age-related morphology changes. Additionally, our study highlighted the fundamental role of TERT and telomere shortening in neural progenitor cell (NPC) proliferation and neuronal differentiation. This study serves as a proof of concept that telomere shortening can effectively induce aging-associated phenotypes, thereby providing a valuable tool to investigate age-related decline and neurodegenerative diseases.
Graphical abstract
Aerobic release of arsenic and antimony from mine soils by biostimulation of indigenous microbial activity and bioaugmentation with Cupriavidus genera of bacteria
Authors: Horváthová Hana , Schwarzkopfová Katarína , Vojtková Hana , Jurkovič Ľubomír , Faragó Tomáš , Boturová Kateřina , Hiller Edgar , Urík Martin , Vítková Martina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims
Bioremediation of soils contaminated with metal(loid)s is an attractive research area due to its sustainability and economic benefits. In the Slovak Republic, there are several abandoned mines containing high concentrations of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb). This calls for new options for removing these hazardous metalloids from contaminated substrates. Studies on bioleaching of soils co-contaminated with both metalloids are very rare. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of bioleaching of soils heavily co-contaminated with As and Sb (up to 1463 mg.kg–1 and 5825 mg.kg–1, respectively) at a former stibnite mining site (Poproč, eastern Slovakia) through biostimulation and bioaugmentation.

Methods
Bioleaching of As and Sb from four soils was induced by biostimulation of autochthonous microflora with Sabouraud medium (SAB) and SAB+glucose, and bioaugmentation of the soil with bacterial strains Cupriavidus oxalaticus and Cupriavidus metallidurans. Soil samples were subjected to determination of physico-chemical properties, microbiological parameters, and additional mineralogical analysis.

Results
An inverse relationship between the total metalloid concentration and the microbial diversity was confirmed. In experiments with Cupriavidus metallidurans and Cupriavidus oxalaticus, mean bioleached As fractions were 37.6% and 41.3%, while Sb bioleaching was significantly lower, ranging between 17.0–26.2%. The mean bioleached fraction of As and Sb using SAB was 40.7% and 14.4%, respectively. The addition of glucose to SAB increased As bioleaching (50.7%) but not that of Sb.

Conclusion
Collectively, the results highlighted a role of microorganisms in the mobility of metalloids in soils with their prospective applications in remediation of contaminated sites.
Actions and perceived impact of African swine fever control measures along the smallholder pig value chain in Uganda
Authors: Aliro Tonny , Odongo Walter , Ståhl Karl , Dione Michel Mainack , Okello Daniel Micheal , Masembe Charles , Chenais Erika 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPig production in Uganda is constrained by African swine fever (ASF) which is endemic in the country. Current measures taken by the Government of Uganda in controlling ASF outbreaks include trade and livestock movement restrictions, called “quarantine.” Little is known about the actions of, and impact of value chain actors in response to ASF quarantines. This study describes actions that different stakeholders in the smallholder pig value chain took, and the perceived economic impact, during ASF quarantines. Data was collected in ten focus group discussions (FGD) using participatory epidemiology tools and two key informants’ (KIs) interviews with District Veterinary Officers (DVOs) of Kisoro and Moyo districts in Uganda. The results show that during ASF quarantine, pig value chain actors shifted their activities from formal places such as livestock markets, slaughter slabs, pork butcheries and pork joints to informal places such as farmers’ homesteads. Farmers were perceived the most economically affected stakeholder group with forgone income due to unsold pigs, costs for implementing biosecurity measures and extra costs for feeding unsold pigs being the major perceived causes of the losses. The continued trade in pigs and pig products in informal marketplaces suggests that quarantine might not be effective for hindering activities that might spread ASF in these settings. The perceived economic losses provide an insight into the negative economic impact of the quarantine for the different stakeholders.
Variable physical functions in individuals in response to sensory stimuli
Authors: Tsujimoto Masashi , Yoshida Takahiro , Tanaka Seiya , Shitara Hitoshi , Suzuki Keisuke 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Sensory stimulation affects physical function; however, the type and range of physical function change remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the type and extent of changes in simple physical functions resulting from exposure to color and taste stimuli.

Methods
Five basic colors (red, blue, yellow, green, and black) and foods representative of the five basic tastes (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami) were used as stimuli. Three different physical function tests on muscle strength (grip strength), flexibility (bending length), and balance (stabilometer trajectory area) were performed while wearing color-tinted goggles or after tasting food stimuli. All the stimuli tests were performed in 1 day and repeated for 6 successive days each for color and taste stimuli.

Results
Each stimulus had a different effect on the participants. For color stimulation, the median change ratio between the minimum and maximum effects was 5.68% (4.14–8.07%) for muscle strength, 8.52% (5.11–13.39%) for flexibility, and 30.60% (26.81–36.18%) for balance. The corresponding values for taste stimulation were 4.96% (3.67–7.89%), 6.11% (4.37–8.86%), and 28.92% (21.38–34.01%). The rate of change in balance was the highest among the three physical tests and was significantly different from the rate of change in other physical functions (balance vs. muscle power, P < 0.001; balance vs. flexibility, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Color and taste stimuli have different effects on physical function, with individual-level differences in sensitivity to stimuli. Sensory stimuli may affect individual physical functions.
Role of the kisspeptin-KISS1R axis in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease and uremic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Dinh Hoa , Kovács Zsuzsanna Z. A. , Kis Merse , Kupecz Klaudia , Sejben Anita , Szűcs Gergő , Márványkövi Fanni , Siska Andrea , Freiwan Marah , Pósa Szonja Polett , Galla Zsolt , Ibos Katalin Eszter , Bodnár Éva , Lauber Gülsüm Yilmaz , Goncalves Ana Isabel Antunes , Acar Eylem , Kriston András , Kovács Ferenc , Horváth Péter , Bozsó Zsolt , Tóth Gábor , Földesi Imre , Monostori Péter , Cserni Gábor , Podesser Bruno K. , Lehoczki Andrea , Pokreisz Peter , Kiss Attila , Dux László , Csabafi Krisztina , Sárközy Márta 
Published: November 2023

Abstract The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing globally, especially in elderly patients. Uremic cardiomyopathy is a common cardiovascular complication of CKD, characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction, and fibrosis. Kisspeptins and their receptor, KISS1R, exert a pivotal influence on kidney pathophysiology and modulate age-related pathologies across various organ systems. KISS1R agonists, including kisspeptin-13 (KP-13), hold promise as novel therapeutic agents within age-related biological processes and kidney-related disorders. Our investigation aimed to elucidate the impact of KP-13 on the trajectory of CKD and uremic cardiomyopathy. Male Wistar rats (300–350 g) were randomized into four groups: (I) sham-operated, (II) 5/6 nephrectomy-induced CKD, (III) CKD subjected to a low dose of KP-13 (intraperitoneal 13 µg/day), and (IV) CKD treated with a higher KP-13 dose (intraperitoneal 26 µg/day). Treatments were administered daily from week 3 for 10 days. After 13 weeks, KP-13 increased systemic blood pressure, accentuating diastolic dysfunction’s echocardiographic indicators and intensifying CKD-associated markers such as serum urea levels, glomerular hypertrophy, and tubular dilation. Notably, KP-13 did not exacerbate circulatory uremic toxin levels, renal inflammation, or fibrosis markers. In contrast, the higher KP-13 dose correlated with reduced posterior and anterior wall thickness, coupled with diminished cardiomyocyte cross-sectional areas and concurrent elevation of inflammatory (Il6, Tnf), fibrosis (Col1), and apoptosis markers (Bax/Bcl2) relative to the CKD group. In summary, KP-13’s influence on CKD and uremic cardiomyopathy encompassed heightened blood pressure and potentially activated inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in the left ventricle.
The Evolving Treatment Landscape of Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Laganà Marta , Cremaschi Valentina , Alberti Andrea , Vodopivec Kuri Danica M. , Cosentini Deborah , Berruti Alfredo 
Published: November 2023

Opinion statementGenetic assessment is crucial to address the correct treatment for advanced medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Multi tyrosine kinase inhibitors (mTKIs) cabozantinib and vandetanib are good first line options, even vandetanib prescription is currently limited to RET mutated patients. Selective RET inhibitors such as pralsetinib could be a preferred upfront treatment in case of RET mutated MTC presenting common or gatekeeper RET mutations (e.g. M918T; V804L/M). Selpercatinib, otherwise, can be prescribed as the second line after disease progression to mTKIs. The best option for subsequent lines is to consider inclusion in clinical trials or alternatively other mTKIs such as sunitinib, sorafenib, lenvatinib, or pazopanib could be evaluated. New perspectives include next-generation RET inhibitors able to overcome resistance mechanisms responsible for disease progression to standard mTKIs and RET inhibitors, and immunotherapy for MTC presenting with high tumor mutational burden.
Advancements in the Genetics of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection
Authors: Katz Alexander E. , Ganesh Santhi K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a significant cause of acute myocardial infarction that is increasingly recognized in young and middle-aged women. The etiology of SCAD is likely multifactorial and may include the interaction of environmental and individual factors. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the genetic factors contributing to the development of SCAD.

Recent Findings
The molecular findings underlying SCAD have been demonstrated to include a combination of rare DNA sequence variants with large effects, common variants contributing to a complex genetic architecture, and variants with intermediate impact. The genes associated with SCAD highlight the role of arterial cells and their extracellular matrix in the pathogenesis of the disease and shed light on the relationship between SCAD and other disorders, including fibromuscular dysplasia and connective tissue diseases.

Summary
While up to 10% of affected individuals may harbor a rare variant with large effect, SCAD most often presents as a complex genetic condition. Analyses of larger and more diverse cohorts will continue to improve our understanding of risk susceptibility loci and will also enable consideration of the clinical utility of genetic testing strategies in the management of SCAD.
Associations Between Cancer Risk Perceptions, Self-Efficacy, and Health Behaviors by BMI Category and Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Ezeani Adaora , Boggan Brianna , Hopper Lorenzo N. , Herren Olga M. , Agurs-Collins Tanya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Cancer risk perceptions and high health-related self-efficacy may impact health behaviors and reduce risk of developing obesity-related cancers. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there are differences in associations among cancer risk perceptions, health-related self-efficacy, and health behaviors between people with healthy weight (PwHW) and people with overweight or obesity (PwO/O), and whether these associations vary by race and ethnicity.

Method
Data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5 Cycles 2 and 3 were used. Data from 6944 adults were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to assess associations among study variables.

Results
PwO/O who believed there are too many cancer prevention recommendations had lower log odds of meeting guidelines for strength training (β − 0.28; CI − 0.53 to − 0.04; p < 0.05) compared to PwHW. PwO/O who believed that obesity influences cancer risk were associated with low sedentary behavior (β 0.29; CI 0.05–0.54; p < 0.05) compared to PwHW. NHB PwO/O who held fatalistic beliefs and reported high self-efficacy ordered less food (e.g., fewer food items, foods with less calories, or smaller food sizes) compared to NHB Pw/HW (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Health behavior differences in PwHW and PwO/O may be associated with differences in cancer risk beliefs and health-related self-efficacy. Findings support the need for further research considering BMI and race and ethnicity in obesity-related cancer prevention and control.
Modeling the transition of the multimodal pan-European energy system including an integrated analysis of electricity and gas transport
Authors: Yueksel-Erguen Inci , Most Dieter , Wyrwoll Lothar , Schmitt Carlo , Zittel Janina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMost recently, the European energy system has undergone a fundamental transformation to meet decarbonization targets without compromising the security of the energy supply. The transition involves several energy-generating and consuming sectors emphasizing sector coupling. The increase in the share of renewable energy sources has revealed the need for flexibility in supporting the electricity grid to cope with the resulting high degree of uncertainty. The new technologies accompanying the energy system transition and the recent political crisis in Europe threatening the security of the energy supply have invalidated the experience from the past by drastically changing the conventional scenarios. Hence, supporting strategic planning tools with detailed operational energy network models with appropriate mathematical precision has become more important than ever to understand the impacts of these disruptive changes. In this paper, we propose a workflow to investigate optimal energy transition pathways considering sector coupling. This workflow involves an integrated operational analysis of the electricity market, its transmission grid, and the gas grid in high spatio-temporal resolution. Thus, the workflow enables decision-makers to evaluate the reliability of high-level models even in case of disruptive events. We demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed workflow using results from a pan-European case study. The case study, spanning 2020–2050, illustrates that feasible potential pathways to carbon neutrality are heavily influenced by political and technological constraints. Through integrated operational analysis, we identify scenarios where strategic decisions become costly or infeasible given the existing electricity and gas networks.