bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Larvae of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) resistant to double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) remain susceptible to small‐molecule pesticides
Authors: Mishra Swati , Moar William , Jurat‐Fuentes Juan Luis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDImplementation of resistance management tools is crucial for the continued efficacy of insect control technologies. An important aspect of insect resistance management (IRM) is the combined or sequential use of different modes‐of‐action to reduce selection pressure and delay evolution of resistance. This is especially important for insect pests with established ability to develop resistance to insecticides, such as the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata, CPB). A new class of insecticides, based on double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) activating the gene silencing RNA‐interference (RNAi) pathway, are currently under review for regulatory approval and commercial use in the USA against CPB. However, there is no information available on the potential for cross‐resistance between RNAi insecticides and other classes of insecticides used against CPB. Herein, we aim to fill this knowledge gap by capitalizing on the availability of a CPB strain highly resistant to dsRNAs and test its susceptibility to diverse small‐molecule insecticide classes compared to reference dsRNA‐susceptible CPB strains.RESULTSDifferences in activity were observed among the four insecticides tested, with abamectin demonstrating highest activity against all three strains of CPB. However, no differences were observed among the dsRNA‐resistant and susceptible CPB strains for any of the tested compounds. Overall, these results demonstrate lack of cross‐resistance to commonly used chemical insecticides in the dsRNA‐resistant strain of CPB.CONCLUSIONThese data support the use of these different insecticide classes along with RNAi‐based insecticides as part of an effective insect resistance management framework aimed at delaying resistance in CPB. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The protective effects of curcumin against cigarette smoke‐induced toxicity: A comprehensive review
Authors: Fanoudi Sahar , Alavi Mohaddeseh Sadat , Mehri Soghra , Hosseinzadeh Hossein 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCigarette smoking (CS) is a crucial modifiable risk of developing several human diseases and cancers. It causes lung, bladder, breast, and esophageal cancers, respiratory disorders, as well as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Because of these adverse health effects, continual efforts to decrease the prevalence and toxicity of CS are imperative. Until the past decades, the impacts of natural compounds have been under investigation on the harmful effects of CS. Turmeric (Curcuma longa), a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family, is the main source of curcumin. This review is an attempt to find out the current knowledge on CS's harmful effects and protective potential of curcumin in the pulmonary, liver, brain, gastrointestinal, and testis organs. According to the present review, simultaneous consumption of curcumin and CS can attenuate CS toxicities including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal toxicity, metabolic diseases, testis injury, and neurotoxicity. Moreover, curcumin suppresses carcinogenesis in the skin, liver, lungs, breast, colon, and stomach. Curcumin mediates these protective effects through antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐apoptotic, and anti‐carcinogenicity properties.
A down‐up chain with persistent labels on multifurcating trees
Authors: Sørensen Frederik 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this article, we propose to study a general notion of a down‐up Markov chain for multifurcating trees with labeled leaves. We study in detail down‐up chains associated with the ‐model of Chen et al. (Electron. J. Probab. 14 (2009), 400–430.), generalizing and further developing previous work by Forman et al. (arXiv:1802.00862, 2018; arXiv:1804.01205, 2018; arXiv:1809.07756, 2018; Random Struct. Algoritm. 54 (2020), 745–769; Electron. J. Probab. 25 (2020), 1–46.) in the binary special cases. The technique we deploy utilizes the construction of a growth process and a down‐up Markov chain on trees with planar structure. Our construction ensures that natural projections of the down‐up chain are Markov chains in their own right. We establish label dynamics that at the same time preserve the labeled alpha‐gamma distribution and keep the branch points between the smallest labels for order time steps for all . We conjecture the existence of diffusive scaling limits generalizing the “Aldous diffusion” by Forman et al. (arXiv:1802.00862, 2018; arXiv:1804.01205, 2018; arXiv:1809.07756, 2018.) as a continuum‐tree‐valued process and the “algebraic ‐Ford tree evolution” by Löhr et al. (Ann. Probab. 48 (2020), 2565–2590.) and by Nussbaumer and Winter (arXiv:2006.09316, 2020.) as a process in a space of algebraic trees.
3D‐Printed TiO2 Electrode as a Viable Alternative for Photoelectrocatalytic Purification of Water
Authors: Tedesco Gustavo C. , Joll Cynthia A. , Ela Wendell P. , Pivrikas Almantas , Henry David J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA commercial pure titanium (cp‐Ti) powder was used to produce a photoelectrode substrate via 3D‐printing and a commercial titanium foil (Ti‐foil) was used as substrate for direct comparison. TiO2 nanotubes were prepared on both Ti substrates via electrochemical anodization. Characterisation of electrodes showed similar results in all aspects analysed: morphology, absorbance, crystallinity, and photo‐current response. The efficiency of photoelectrocatlytic treatment of methylene blue dye (MB) in water with a single‐chip UVA‐LED was identical. The cp‐Ti/TiO2 electrode achieved 93±4 % removal of MB after 210 min, when combined with a four‐chip UVA‐LED. The cp‐Ti photoelectrode was also tested for the first time for photoelectrocatalytic treatment of benzothiazole (BTH). The highest degradation of BTH (98±2 %, 120 min) was also achieved using the four‐chip UVA‐LED. This study supports further development of 3D‐printed electrodes, maximizing the potential for the creation of novel electrodes for use in PEC technologies for abatement of organic pollutants.
A Facile and Fast Synthesis of Barium Molybdate Nanoparticles: Effects of PH and Surfactant
Authors: Sarılmaz Adem 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBarium molybdate (BaMoO4) is one of the materials used extensively in electronic and optical devices. Although there are many synthesis methods in the literature, a route for facile synthesis of nano‐BaMoO4 has been ignored. In this study, BaMoO4 nanoparticles were produced by the co‐precipitation method at room temperature within a short time. The effects of ammonia solutions and surfactants on the morphology of the particles were investigated. Various properties of these materials were characterized by XRD, SEM‐EDX, elemental mapping, TEM, and UV‐Vis analysis methods. Also, the crystal structure parameters and the compatibility of these values with the theoretical calculations were determined by Rietveld refinement. From the HR‐TEM image, the interplanar spacing was calculated as 3.2 Å. It was determined from these analyses that BaMoO4 particles with optical band gaps varying between 3.80 and 3.95 eV were produced in nano and micrometer sizes. It has been demonstrated by this study that the pH of the synthesis solution and the type of surfactant have significant effects on the morphological and optical properties of the materials.
Preparation and Utilization of a Comb‐Like Polycarboxylate Dispersant for Organic Pigment
Authors: Cao Xinjie , Cai Zhenyu , Huang Yifei , Wang Danlei , Zhang Lei , Huang Kai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs a novel form of carboxylate comb‐like copolymers, SAM‐(m)PEG was prepared by polymerizing styrene (S), acrylic (A), and maleic anhydride (M) to obtain a random copolymer labeled SAM. SAM was then esterified using either polyethylene glycol (PEG) or methyl PEG (mPEG), a waterborne polymer dispersant for dispersing and stabilizing C.I. Pigment Yellow 180 (PY 180). The structures of SAM‐(m)PEG and the ground suspension of PY 180 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a nanoparticle size analysis, and viscometry. The effects of different branch chains, synthetic formulas, and grinding conditions on the dispersibility of SAM‐(m)PEG were evaluated. In addition, the optical properties of the pigments were investigated after ultrafine grinding. The adsorption mechanism between the SAM‐(m)PEG dispersants and PY 180 particles is also discussed. SAM‐PEG6002 outperformed the other SAM‐(m)PEG dispersants owing to its excellent dispersion and stability. When used as the dispersant, the average particle size (Z‐average) of PY 180 after grinding was 264.6 nm, and the particle size distribution became narrow (PDI=0.089). Moreover, SAM‐PEG6002 effectively maintained the color performance of the pigment, and the product was successfully applied to the pigment coating. Therefore, SAM‐PEG6002 is an effective waterborne polymer dispersant for organic pigments.
Effect of a single session of yoga and meditation on stress reactivity: A systematic review
Authors: Mandlik Gandhar V. , Siopis George , Nguyen Binh , Ding Ding , Edwards Kate M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis systematic review synthesises the evidence for the effectiveness of a single session of yoga or its components including meditation and breathing techniques in reducing acute stress reactivity in healthy adults. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and PsycINFO on 30th July 2023 for randomised controlled or crossover trials of yoga components and reporting physiological and/or psychological outcome measure(s) related to stress reactivity. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Cochrane ROB 2 tool. Data were synthesised narratively. Twenty‐one out of 28 eligible studies (n = 2574) relating to 31 interventions (meditation [n = 22], breathing [n = 4] and yoga [n = 5]) reported outcomes in favour of the intervention. Stress reactivity was reported to be reduced by 71% of studies measuring physiological outcomes and 65% of studies measuring psychological outcomes. These studies show that a single session of yoga components is effective in reducing acute stress reactivity in adults and could be recommended for stress management. Future studies with larger populations and a more equal representation of genders and age groups are warranted.
Profiles of resilient psychosocial function during three isolated ski expeditions in the High Arctic
Authors: Smith Nathan , Bostock Louisa , Barrett Emma C. , Sandal Gro M. , Jones Marc V. , Wuebker Robert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo successfully complete a Polar expedition individuals and teams must respond resiliently to the environmental, psychological, and social demands they face. In this study we examined profiles of resilient function in seven people from three expeditions in the High Arctic. Using a structured daily diary, participants reported on experiences of physical health (morning and evening), affect, team cohesion, performance, and potential explanatory factors including sleep, demand appraisals, events, and coping strategies. Notable intra‐ and inter‐individual variability was observed in daily reports and all profiles could be interpreted as representing resilient function. A number of significant relationships were found between markers of resilient physical and psychosocial function and potential explanatory variables. For example, there was much more daily variability in an individual's reporting of positive affect than prior research might imply, and what prior research designs could capture. Further, while negative affect tended to remain low and stable, our findings reveal that even minor and infrequent increases in negative emotions were significantly associated with other variables in the network. Finally, across the expedition period individual coping resources consistently exceeded demands, suggesting that individuals viewed the expedition as a challenge and not a threat. More broadly, these findings inform efforts to monitor, and maintain resilience when operating in Polar and other extreme settings.
Highly Reversible Molecular Photoswitches with Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Electrodes
Authors: Chen Li‐Chuan , Shi Jie , Lu Zhi‐Xing , Lin Rong‐Jian , Lu Tai‐Ge , Zou Yu‐Ling , Liang Qing‐Man , Huang Ruiyun , Shi Jia , Xiao Zong‐Yuan , Zhang Yanxi , Liu Junyang , Yang Yang , Hong Wenjing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe molecule‐electrode coupling plays an essential role in photoresponsive devices with photochromic molecules, and the strong coupling between the molecule and the conventional electrodes leads to/ the quenching effect and limits the reversibility of molecular photoswitches. In this work, we developed a strategy of using transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) electrodes to fabricate the thiol azobenzene (TAB) self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) junctions with the eutectic gallium‐indium (EGaIn) technique. The current‐voltage characteristics of the EGaIn/GaOx//TAB/TMDCs photoswitches showed an almost 100% reversible photoswitching behavior, which increased by ∼28% compared to EGaIn/GaOx//TAB/AuTS photoswitches. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed the coupling strength of the TAB‐TMDCs electrode decreased by 42% compared to that of the TAB‐AuTS electrode, giving rise to improved reversibility. our work demonstrated the feasibility of 2D TMDCs for fabricating SAMs‐based photoswitches with unprecedentedly high reversibility.
Modulating the Coordination Environment of Carbon‐Dot‐Supported Fe Single‐Atom Nanozymes for Enhanced Tumor Therapy
Authors: Han Yu , Ge Kun , Zhao Ying , Bottini Massimo , Fan Dehui , Wu Wenchang , Li Luwei , Liu Fengsong , Gao Shutao , Liang Xing‐Jie , Zhang Jinchao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHerein, carbon dot (CD)‐supported Fe single‐atom nanozymes with high content of pyrrolic N and ultrasmall size (ph‐CDs‐Fe SAzyme) are fabricated by a phenanthroline‐mediated ligand‐assisted strategy. Compared with phenanthroline‐free nanozymes (CDs‐Fe SAzyme), ph‐CDs‐Fe SAzyme exhibit higher peroxidase (POD)‐like activity due to their structure similar to that of ferriporphyrin in natural POD. Aberration‐corrected high‐angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF‐STEM) and X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) analyses show that metal Fe is dispersed in ph‐CDs‐Fe SAzyme as single atoms. Steady‐state kinetic studies show that the maximum velocity (Vmax) and turnover number (kcat) of H2O2 homolytic cleavage catalyzed by ph‐CDs‐Fe SAzyme are 3.0 and 6.2 more than those of the reaction catalyzed by CDs‐Fe SAzyme. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the energy barrier of the reaction catalyzed by ph‐CDs‐Fe SAzyme is lower than that catalyzed by CDs‐Fe SAzyme. Antitumor efficacy experiments show that ph‐CDs‐Fe SAzyme can efficiently inhibit the growth of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo by synergistic chemodynamic and photothermal effects. Here a new paradigm is provided for the development of efficient antitumor therapeutic approaches based on SAzyme with POD‐like activity.
Dynamic diselenide bond‐enabled liquid crystal elastomer‐based two‐way shape memory aerogels with weldability and closed‐loop recyclability
Authors: Wang Meng , Li Jingshu , Yang Hong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTwo‐way shape memory polymeric aerogels (2W‐SMPAs), with the ability to undergo reversible shape deformation in response to external stimuli, have extensive application in diverse fields such as actuators, sensors, robotics, and other relevant domains. In this study, we introduce a novel approach for fabricating a 2W‐SMPA material based on liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) incorporating dynamic diselenide bonds. The aerogel exhibits liquid crystal phases, excellent compressibility and shape stability, and the mesogens are uniaxial‐oriented along the stretching direction. By capitalizing on the dynamic diselenide bonds, the LCE‐based aerogel demonstrated remarkable reprogrammability, weldability, and recyclability through thermal reorganization. The shape‐programmed aerogel sample exhibits reversible shrinking deformation during the heating and cooling cycles, ultimately achieving a maximum shrinkage ratio of 26.1%. Moreover, the LCE‐based aerogel's porous structure and monodomain orientation effectively enable the adsorption of the photothermal dye DR1 and facilitated the reversible photothermal‐induced shape deformation when exposed to 520 nm light irradiation. These findings reveal the potential application of this innovative LCE‐based aerogel material, enabled by dynamic diselenide bonds, in various areas including control devices, soft actuators, and other diverse fields.
All‐Thermally Evaporated Blue Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes for Active Matrix Displays
Authors: Zhu Jiaxing , Li Jinghui , Huang Yuanlong , Liu Nian , Sun Liang , Shen Zixi , Yang Chaoqun , Liu Fanxin , Song Boxiang , Luo Jiajun , Tang Jiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the rapid progress of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs), the large‐scale fabrication of active matrix PeLED displays (AM‐PeLEDs) is gaining increasing attention. However, the integration of high‐resolution PeLED arrays with thin‐film transistor backplanes remains a significant challenge for conventional spin‐coating techniques. Here, the demonstration of large‐area, blue‐emitting AM‐PeLEDs are demonstrated using a vacuum deposition technique, which is regarded as the most effective route for organic light‐emitting diode displays. By the introduction of an in situ passivation strategy, the defects‐related nonradiative recombination is largely suppressed, which leads to an improved photoluminescence quantum yield of vapor‐deposited blue‐emitting perovskites. The as‐prepared blue PeLEDs exhibit a peak external quantum efficiency of 2.47% with pure‐blue emission at 475 nm, which represents state‐of‐the‐art performance for vapor‐deposited pure‐blue PeLEDs. Benefiting from the excellent uniformity and compatibility of thermal evaporation, the 6.67‐inch blue‐emitting AM‐PeLED display with a high resolution of 394 pixels per inch is successfully demonstrated. The demonstration of blue‐emitting AM‐PeLED display represents a crucial step toward full‐color perovskite display technology.
Evaluating growth in Macrospondylus bollensis (Crocodylomorpha, Teleosauroidea) in the Toarcian Posidonia Shale, Germany
Authors: Johnson Michela M. , Amson Eli , Maxwell Erin E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe study of how organisms grow is a fundamental aspect of palaeontology. Growth in teleosauroids is poorly understood and little studied, especially in an ontogenetic sense. We investigate growth rates of the most common and abundant teleosauroid, Macrospondylus bollensis, in which a large sample of multiple body sizes is available from the Posidonienschiefer Formation (Posidonia Shale) of southwestern Germany. We perform linear regression analyses on 62 specimens of Macrospondylus (16 juveniles, 7 subadults and 39 adults) using 21 cranial and postcranial measurements. Our results show that juvenile, subadult and adult individuals have near‐isometric or isometric growth throughout much of the body. Notably, we find that in Macrospondylus: (1) the femur grows at a faster rate than the skull and hindlimb zeugopodium; (2) the forelimb and hindlimb grow at the same rate; and (3) there is distinct ontogenetic signal in the growth of the orbit and supratemporal fenestra. We also find that limb scaling in Macrospondylus is somewhat comparable to that seen in the extant gavialids Gavialis gangeticus and Tomistoma schlegelii. Last, we examine evolutionary allometry in skull length relative to body size in Crocodylomorpha using femoral length as a proxy, which shows a near‐isometric trend. Non‐thalattosuchian crocodylomorphs (with the exception of one pholidosaurid and one dryosaurid taxon) are differentiated from thalattosuchians due to their shorter skulls, as previously suggested, but the scaling relationship with femur length remains unchanged.
Study of the flexural performance and a novel calculation formula for the degree of composite action for precast concrete sandwich panels
Authors: Zheng Tiancai , Ge Qi , Xiong Feng , Li Guo , Xue Yu , Deng Xiang 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThis study investigates the flexural performance and degree of composite action (DCA) of precast concrete sandwich panels (PCSPs) with four types of connectors. Five full‐scale specimens were designed, and 4‐point bending tests were performed. The specimens included four PCSPs utilizing glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) truss connectors, steel truss connectors, concrete rib connectors, and GFRP pin connectors, respectively, along with a solid panel (SP). The results indicated that the flexural performance and DCA provided by the four types of connectors followed an ascending order as follows: GFRP pin‐type connectors, GFRP truss connectors, steel truss connectors, and concrete rib‐type connectors. Moreover, the study presented a novel method for calculating DCA, namely, the neutral axis method, which was compared with the displacement and strain methods. The reasonableness and accuracy of the neutral axis method in calculating DCA during the linear elastic stage were verified. Results indicated that the neutral axis method provided more precise and reasonable DCA that closely matched the experimental results compared with the displacement and strain methods. Additionally, the neutral axis method was simpler to calculate DCA and had a broader range of applications. Finally, the study provided recommendations for the optimal application scenarios of each calculation method.
Structural damping estimation from live monitoring of a tall modular building
Authors: Hickey John , Moore Hollie , Broderick Brian , Fitzgerald Breiffni 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe damping ratio is a key indicator of an individual structure's susceptibility to dynamic loads, including the level of discomfort experienced by the occupants of a tall building subjected to wind loading. While computational models, laboratory studies and empirical data can provide estimates of structural damping, the most reliable way to evaluate true damping ratio values is through modal identification using data from field tests on full‐scale finished structures. As an innovative form of construction, high‐rise modular buildings have not been the subject of previous vibration monitoring investigations, implying an absence of essential structural dynamics information. This paper assesses the reliability of four modal identification methods for estimating the damping ratio of a structure using ambient acceleration response data recorded from the world's tallest modular structure, the Ten Degrees building in Croydon, South London. The methods considered are two implementations of the Bayesian fast Fourier transform (BFFT), the random decrement technique (RDT), and a hybrid of the RDT which first decomposes the ambient data into sub‐signals using analytical mode decomposition (AMD‐RDT). Each method is applied to response data collected during 10 significant wind loading events to evaluate the inherent modal properties of the structure, with the computed damping ratio values compared between methods and events. By reporting the first measured damping ratios for a tall modular structure, the paper makes an important contribution to knowledge about the vibration properties of an emerging form of construction.