bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Incorporation of Spent Coffee Grounds as an Additive in Cement Ventilation Blocks
Authors: Shahid Khairul Anuar , Ganesh Vignesh , Ghazali Norhaiza 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
The growing coffee industry has created a lot of waste in the form of spent coffee grounds (SCG), mainly disposed of through landfills. Recycling them into concrete construction products helps reduce their carbon effect on the atmosphere. According to earlier investigations, the SCGs have potential usage as supplemental construction materials across various civil engineering applications. However, the absence of thorough research and successful practical implementations in the sector necessitate further detailed studies in ventilation block application.

Aims
This study investigates the workability, compressive strength, water absorption and thermal performance of cement mortar containing different percentages of SCG in ventilation block production.

Methods
Cement, sand, and water with the 1: 2.75: 0.6 ratio and different percentages of SCG are used in the mortar mix as additives. The specimens were cast in cubes (50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm) to investigate the workability, strength, water absorption and dry density. Further, the ideal mix was chosen to produce ventilation blocks. The prototype cubicles made from the SCG ventilation blocks were used for continuous indoor temperature monitoring.

Results
The results show that adding high amounts of SCGs into mortar has decreased workability and compressive strength in cement mortar blocks. However, the water absorption has reduced with the increased percentage of SCG added to the mix. Based on the results, the SCG0.75 is the most suitable ratio to be used as it showed a flowability of 48%, a compressive strength of 12.574 MPa and water absorption of 6.107%, which is ideal for producing the ventilation block. In addition, the temperature monitoring results showed a reduction in the indoor temperature that used the SCG ventilation block.

Conclusion
This result suggests incorporating SCG in the ventilation block requires a suitable percentage of the SCG to fulfill the workability and strength of the block. Nevertheless, it may reduce indoor temperature, thus providing better thermal comfort. This study enables the SCG waste products to be used as sustainable materials in ventilation block production.
Seismic Response Analysis of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Tank Constructed on Loess Soil
Authors: Ren Jiaqi , Vafaei Mohammadreza , Alih Sophia C. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Liquid storage tanks are an essential container structure widely used in various industries. In earthquake disasters, liquid storage tanks cause not only direct disasters but also induce secondary severe disasters, such as fires, explosions, nuclear leaks, and human and animal poisoning. The latest research on seismic analysis of structures showed that soils with different stiffness can affect the seismic response characteristics of surface structures, and various irregular topographies can also alter the degree of seismic-induced damage to surface structures. Studying the seismic response of liquid storage tanks can mitigate the risk of earthquake damage to these vital structures.

Methods
This study used finite element simulations. Three sizes of liquid storage tanks with different aspect ratios were selected, including the squat, square, and slender tanks. Three conditions were considered for the tanks' liquid: empty, half-filled, and fully filled. Two types of topographies were considered, including flat and step-like slope topography with an inclination angle of 116.6°. Nine natural earthquake records were used for seismic analysis and divided into three categories: high-frequency, medium-frequency, and low-frequency. Established finite element models were validated through comparison with the results of other studies. The dynamic time history analysis was carried out for each finite element model. The tank's base shear forces, the normal stress in the tank wall, the shear stress in the tank bottom, and the maximum displacement of the tank wall were measured and compared.

Results
The step-like slope topography and loess soil significantly amplified the seismic response of the liquid storage tank. Moreover, as the liquid height and the tanks’ aspect ratio increased, the seismic damage intensity also increased. The seismic response of the liquid storage tank was generally more sensitive to low-frequency and medium-frequency seismic records. The Eurocode 8’s equation underestimated tanks’ base shear when located on a step-like slope topography.

Conclusion
The obtained results demonstrated the significant effect of irregular topography and loess soil on the seismic response of liquid storage tanks. Therefore, it was concluded that they should be considered when liquid storage tanks are designed for seismic actions.
Association of TAS1R2 (rs35874116 or rs9701796) Gene Polymorphism with Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Motahari Paria , Molaei Zahra , Adhami Ziya Ebrahim 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Gene variations affecting taste preference and glucose consumption have recently been linked to dental caries.

Aims:
Possible associations between dental caries and the TAS1R2 gene polymorphisms rs35874116 and rs9701796 have been investigated, but conflicting results have been found. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to find comprehensive and more specific results in this direction.

Methods:
The work started by searching English articles until April 2023 from the reliable databanks PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. Then, relevant articles were carefully chosen in various steps based on defined selection criteria and assessed by comprehensive meta-analysis v.2.0 software.

Results:
Based on six selected articles, the meta-analyses showed a significant association between dental caries risk and the TAS1R2 gene polymorphism rs9701796 (p<0.05), with the GG genotype in rs9701796 increasing the risk. No significant relation was found for rs35874116.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis concluded that the rs9701796 polymorphism increases the risk of dental caries. Studies with larger sample sizes can clarify the relationship further.
Intentional Replantation as the Treatment of Left Mandibular Second Premolar Refractory Periapical Periodontitis: A Case Report
Authors: Aji Yaerken , Yao Qing-ting , Wu Yan-hui , Li Shu-hui 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
This report aims to assess the feasibility of intentional replantation combined with concentrated growth factor(CGF) membrane treatment for refractory apical periodontitis of the left mandibular second premolar (35), with a 13-month follow-up period.

Case Report
A 24-year-old female patient underwent root canal treatment for pulpitis of the left mandibular second premolar 3 years ago, and her gum repeatedly swelled and drained pus after the treatment. CBCT revealed that the apical area of 35 was adjacent to mental foramina, and the cyst range was large. There could be issues of poor visual field, trauma, difficulty in apical preparation and backfilling after the apical resection. The left mandibular second premolar (35) was extracted, and the inflammatory tissues in the apical and alveolar fossa were removed, followed by the removal of apical irritants. The extracted premolar was then implanted into the alveolar fossa and fixed.

Results and Prognosis
After a duration of 13 months, the left mandibular second premolar 35 exhibited no clinical symptoms and was able to perform normal masticatory function. There was an absence of gum swelling, pain or mobility; cone beam computed tomography imaging revealed bone regeneration below the root apex with the absence of new lesions, root resorption, or adhesion to the alveolar bone. The periodontal ligament demonstrated healing between the root and alveolar bone, effectively controlling infection, preserving infected teeth and facilitating the formation of new attachments around them.

Discussion
Intentional tooth replantation has some advantages, like short operation time, less cost, less bone injury, and less limitations in terms of anatomy and location. However, clinicians should consider whether intentional replantation could be performed before dental implantation for the affected teeth with intractable periapical lesions. Nonetheless, its efficacy needs further evaluations through long-term clinical follow-ups.
Evaluation of the Tuberculosis Surveillance System in the Southern Region of Iran
Authors: Faryabi Reza , Raesi Rasoul , Taghdisi Heydarian Seyyedeh Mona , Daneshi Salman , Kermani Bahareh , Hushmandi Kiavash , Barfar Eshagh 
Published: February 2024

Aim
The aim of this study was the evaluation of Tuberculosis (TB) surveillance system in Southern Iran.

Background
TB is one of the most important infectious diseases that has been common since ancient times.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study that was conducted by the census method using the TB Surveillance System on 77 patients with tuberculosis in the southern region of Kerman province in Iran. The study was conducted over one year, from April 2020 to March 2021. Statistical tests were used by SPSS version 20 to analyze the data.

Results
90.62% of the patients were cured and the rest experienced treatment failure and absenteeism. The average and standard deviation of the interval between the onset of the first symptom and the diagnosis and discovery of the disease were 88 and 93 days, respectively. Regarding the treatment duration, 95.5% of the cases followed the prescribed duration while the remaining cases did not. Among the affected patients, 34.8% had a history of hospitalization, while the rest had no such history. The average hospitalization duration was 12.92 days, with a standard deviation of 9.94 days. The longest hospital stay was 60 days, while the shortest was 2 days.

Conclusion
We need to have a suitable program for early diagnosis of TB, compliance with the length of treatment, and training of private and public centers to strengthen the care system. Additionally, we should strengthen the process of the directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS) program to control TB.
Tuberculosis Preventive Behaviors and their Determining Factors among Household Contacts of Tuberculosis Patients in Thailand: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Phadoongmai Mullika , Jariya Wutthichai 
Published: February 2024

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) places a substantial burden on global public health, particularly in developing countries—including Thailand. Household contacts (HHCs) of individuals infected with TB are considered high risk due to their elevated risk of catching and transmitting the disease.

Objectives
This study explores TB preventive behaviors and their determining factors among HHCs of TB patients.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of 245 HHCs who cared for TB patients was conducted in 2022. A questionnaire was used to collect data, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

Results
The overall mean score for all the TB preventive behaviors combined was high (3.84 ± 0.692). On examining the three domains of TB preventive behaviors, the mean score for healthy self-care behaviors was lower (3.45 ± 0.752) than the mean score for behaviors performed to contain and prevent the spread of TB infection from TB patients (4.09 ± 0.860), as well as that for environmental management behaviors (3.99 ± 0.910). TB preventive behaviors were determined to a statistically significant degree by the response efficacy of TB prevention (b = 0.396, P-value < 0.001), perceived self-efficacy at TB prevention (b = 0.260, P-value = 0.01), and gender (b = −0.146, P-value = 0.047).

Conclusion
Overall, TB preventive behaviors among HHCs are at a commendable level in Thailand. However, healthcare institutions and relevant agencies need to actively promote healthier self-care behaviors within these HHCs. This advocacy should place a strong emphasis on enhancing conviction in the benefits of TB preventive behaviors and confidence in performing these behaviors, especially among male HHCs.
Preparation, Optimization, and in-vitro Release Study of Abemaciclib-Loaded Chitosan Nanocarrier as a New Approach for Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Ali Mohammed Mohanad , Hussein-Al-Ali Samer Hasan , Kh. Haddad Mike 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Abemaciclib (Abm) is a CDK inhibitor that specifically targets the CDK4/6 cell cycle
pathway and has potential anticancer activity. Unfortunately, it has a low solubility and dissolution
rate.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to enhance the solubility of ABM by loading it onto a chitosan (CS)
polymer.

Method:
Polymer nanoparticle (NP) and Abm-CSNPs nanocomposites were prepared. Minitab 18
software was used to design 18 run samples to study the effects of CS, tripolyphosphate, and pH as
independent variables on the loading efficiency and particle size (dependent variable). The response
surface methodology (RSM) was also used to determine how the variables affected the response.
The graphical analysis used surface plots, main effects plots, contour plots, and interaction graphs.
The study includes F values, P values, variance inflation factors (VIFs), adjusted sums of square
(Adj SSs), adjusted mean squares (Adj MSs) and square error of the coefficient (SE Coef). The
carriers and loaded samples were also examined using the results of tests, including Fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the
release of Abm from Abm-CSNPs nanocomposite was studied in vitro.

Results:
The results revealed an ability to produce particle sizes ranging from (168-192) nm and
loading efficiencies from (56.7-62.1).

Conclusion:
Abm-CSNPs nanocomposite may be used as an alternative drug delivery system for
Abm to increase the release time of Abm to 1400 minutes.
Mobile App–Based Lifestyle Coaching Intervention for Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kwon Oh Young , Lee Mi Kyung , Lee Hye Won , Kim Hyerang , Lee Jae Seung , Jang Yeonsoo 
Published: February 2024

Background
Lifestyle modification in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is key to improving health outcomes. Mobile health technologies may offer potential effective and efficient health care support to facilitate self-management.

Objective
This study aims to develop a lifestyle coaching intervention using a mobile app for patients with NAFLD and evaluate physiological and psychological health outcomes for 6 months.

Methods
This study was a randomized controlled trial. The personalized lifestyle coaching intervention using a mobile app was developed through established guidelines and literature reviews. This intervention consisted of information on NAFLD management, diet and physical activity self-monitoring, and coaching sessions based on patient records and SMS text messages. A total of 102 individuals were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=48) or the control group (n=54). The outcomes were improvements in physiological (weight, liver fat score, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase) and clinical outcomes (self-management, NAFLD self-management knowledge, self-efficacy, fatigue, depression, and quality of life). Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and a linear mixed model to test the effects of the intervention.

Results
All participants completed the study. The mean age of the participants was 48.9 (SD 13.74) years, 38.2% (39/102) were female participants, and 65.7% (67/102) were married. There were no differences in baseline demographic and clinical data between the intervention and control groups. Changes from baseline to 6 months were significant only within the intervention group for weight (P<.001), liver fat score (P=.01), aspartate aminotransferase (P=.03), alanine transferase (P=.002), gamma-glutamyl transferase (P=.04), self-management (P<.001), fatigue (P=.005), depression (P=.003), and quality of life (P<.001). The differences between the 2 groups for the changes over the 6 months were significant in self-management (P=.004), self-management knowledge (P=.04), fatigue (P=.004), depression (P=.04), and quality of life (P=.01). However, the intervention-by-time interaction was significantly effective only for self-management (P=.006) and fatigue (P=.02).

Conclusions
Nonpharmacological interventions using a mobile app may be effective in improving the physiological and psychological health outcomes of patients with NAFLD.

Trial Registration
Clinical Research Information Service KCT0005549; http://tinyurl.com/y2zb6usy
Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Telehealth Internet of Things Systems Through Fog and Cloud Computing Integration: Simulation Study
Authors: Guo Yunyong , Ganti Sudhakar , Wu Yi 
Published: February 2024

Background
The increasing adoption of telehealth Internet of Things (IoT) devices in health care informatics has led to concerns about energy use and data processing efficiency.

Objective
This paper introduces an innovative model that integrates telehealth IoT devices with a fog and cloud computing–based platform, aiming to enhance energy efficiency in telehealth IoT systems.

Methods
The proposed model incorporates adaptive energy-saving strategies, localized fog nodes, and a hybrid cloud infrastructure. Simulation analyses were conducted to assess the model’s effectiveness in reducing energy consumption and enhancing data processing efficiency.

Results
Simulation results demonstrated significant energy savings, with a 2% reduction in energy consumption achieved through adaptive energy-saving strategies. The sample size for the simulation was 10-40, providing statistical robustness to the findings.

Conclusions
The proposed model successfully addresses energy and data processing challenges in telehealth IoT scenarios. By integrating fog computing for local processing and a hybrid cloud infrastructure, substantial energy savings are achieved. Ongoing research will focus on refining the energy conservation model and exploring additional functional enhancements for broader applicability in health care and industrial contexts.
Study of an Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Germanium-Based CsGeI3 Perovskite Structure For Single and Double Solar Cells
Authors: Arbouz Hayat 
Published: February 2024

This work deals with the simulation and optimization of a single perovskite solar cell based on the lead-free, inorganic perovskite absorber CsGeI3 with a bandgap energy of 1.6 eV. An appropriate simulation model was designed on the basis of the physical properties employed and carefully selected. Firstly, the study demonstrated the role of increasing the bulk defect density of the absorber as well as the interface defect density at the boundaries between the absorber and the carrier transport layers on increasing the photo-generated carrier recombination velocity, causing the collapse of the solar cell performance. The effect of layer thickness on photovoltaic parameters was also investigated. Next, various combinations of ETL and HTL electron and hole transport materials, with different bandgap alignments with the absorber were studied. The performance of the different structures was used to determine the optimum structure for obtaining the best results. An efficiency of 15.9% was obtained with the ETL-SnO2 /CsGeI3/HTL- SrCu2O2 architecture. Finally, the optimized structure was simulated in a 2T-tandem configuration in combination with the 1.3 eV-CsSnI3 based solar sub-cell. It was found that the efficiency could reach 25%. The aim of this work is to develop an efficient, lead-free and stable perovskite cell structure that could replace its hybrid perovskite counterpart and be used as a performing sub-cell in a tandem structure.
Hypothermia, anemia, hyperglycemia, and severe hypoglycemia are significant prognostic indicators of death in client-owned ferrets (Mustela putorius furo)
Authors: Stratton Hayley S. , Rao Sangeeta , Sadar Miranda J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether rectal temperature, Hct, or blood glucose at presentation were associated with all-cause mortality in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo).

ANIMALS
321 client-owned ferrets.

METHODS
A medical record database was searched for ferrets from January 2012 through September 2022. Records from 1,189 individual examinations were evaluated. Inclusion criteria were rectal temperature, Hct, and/or blood glucose measured at presentation and data on survival status 7 days postpresentation. Data were included from 321 ferrets from 571 examinations. Rectal temperature in 244 ferrets from 346 examinations, Hct in 181 ferrets from 277 examinations, and blood glucose in 260 ferrets from 420 examinations were available.

RESULTS
The odds of death for hypothermic ferrets (< 37.8 °C) were 3.72 times (OR, 3.72; 95% CI, 2.30 to 6.01) the odds of death for normothermic ferrets (37.8 to 40 °C). For every 0.56 °C below normal rectal temperature, the odds of death increased 1.49 times (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.90). The odds of death for anemic ferrets (Hct < 33%) were 4.74 times (OR, 4.74; 95% CI, 1.70 to 13.21) the odds of death for ferrets with a normal Hct (33% to 57%). The odds of death for hyperglycemic ferrets (> 152 mg/dL) were 2.61 times (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.29 to 5.30) the odds of death for normoglycemic ferrets (74 to 152 mg/dL). The odds of death for severely hypoglycemic ferrets (< 40 mg/dL) were 9.45 times (OR, 9.45; 95% CI, 3.18 to 28.12) the odds of death for normoglycemic ferrets.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Hypothermia, anemia, hyperglycemia, and severe hypoglycemia were significant prognostic indicators of death in ferrets. Further investigation into the causes and management of these derangements is warranted.
Exploring the Impact of the New Crown Epidemic on Tourism in Qiannan, Guizhou Using Principal Component Analysis Methods
Authors: Zou Yuanyuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Principal component analysis is usually a linear combination of all variables, which is very detrimental to the interpretation of the results. Therefore, this paper proposes sparse principal component analysis for analyzing the impact of the Xinguang epidemic on tourism, which can find linear combinations containing only a few input variables, effectively filter out sparse principal components, and achieve the purpose of explaining a high percentage of changes with sparse linear combinations. By observing the trend of accommodation, food and beverage, and tourism turnover data in Guizhou Qiannan region before and after the epidemic from 2015 to 2021, it was confirmed that the data of 2020 was mainly used as the dataset. For sparse principal component analysis, four data sets were selected, each with 14 indicators and 32 samples. The findings revealed that the tourism topics of interest during the epidemic were more spread out and had a lower concentration of links among each other. In the accommodation industry, the 1st principal component is turnover, which has a common factor variance of 0.995 and an eigenvalue of 13.408. In the catering industry, the 2 principal components can be interpreted as the major category of operating costs and the major category of turnover, with component matrix values of (0.997, -0.073) and (0.996, 0.064), respectively.