bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of l-ascorbic acid on growth, non-specific immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal and hepatopancreatic histology of red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii
Authors: Khalil Hala S. , Ahmed Hamdy Omar , Elkhouly Nehal , El Basuini Mohammed F. , El-Nokrashy Asmaa M. , Hessein Amira A. A. , Khaled Asmaa A. , Rashad Amr M. A. , Kord Mohamed , Alkenawy Diaa , Abdel-Tawwab Mohsen , Abdel-Latif Hany M. R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the dietary effects of coated l-ascorbic acid (LA) on growth, feed utilization, survival, serum biochemical indices, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal and hepatopancreatic histology of the pre-adult red swamp crayfish. Four isoproteinous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain several LA levels as 0, 1300, 1600, and 1900 mg/kg and designated as control (LA0), LA13, LA16, and LA19, respectively. However, the analyzed LA concentrations in diets were 0.00, 199.57, 360.45, and 487.50 mg/kg in LA0, LA13, LA16, and LA19, respectively. Triplicate treatments of crayfish (21.60 ± 0.14 g) were fed the test diets and reared in fiberglass tanks with a density of 20 individuals per each for eight weeks. Results revealed that all LA treatments had significantly enhanced growth performance compared to the control. Of interest, the LA16 treatment recorded the highest final tank biomass, biomass gain, total feed intake, condition factor, and muscle yield among the other treatments. The tank feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased in LA treatments compared to the control. Moreover, dietary LA16 and LA19 had significantly higher survival rates (93.3%) compared to (85.0%) in the LA0 group. All dietary doses of LA significantly increased serum parameters (total protein, albumin, globulin, lysozyme activity) and respiratory burst activity compared to the LA0 treatment. Dietary LA16 significantly boosted the hepatopancreatic antioxidant capacity, manifested by decreased malondialdehyde concentrations, increased catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities, and reduced glutathione content compared to the LA-free diet. A normal histoarchitecture of the hepatopancreatic tubules was found in all LA treatments except with some minor degenerative changes in the tubular lumen, and hepatopancreatic cells associated with enlarged nuclei were found in the LA19. However, normal intestinal histoarchitecture was found in all treatments with no recorded intestinal lesions. Of interest, the polynomial regression performed on the analyzed LA concentrations suggested that 380 mg/kg would be suitable to provide maximal biomass gain for pre-adult crayfish. In conclusion, results revealed that coated LA could enhance the growth, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of pre-adult red swamp crayfish, suggesting its potential as a functional and necessary micronutrient for crayfish diets.
Influence of grasping postures on skin deformation of hand
Authors: Zhai Yanru , Wu Shaoguo , Hu Qinyue , Zhou Wenjing , Shen Yue , Yan Xuefeng , Ma Yan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo investigate the influence of different grasping postures on the hand’s skin deformation, a handheld 3D EVA SCANNER was used to obtain 3D models of 111 women in five postures, including a straight posture and grasping cylinders with various diameters (4/6/8/10 cm). Skin relaxation strain ratio ($${\lambda }_{p}$$

λ
p

) and surface area skin relaxation strain ratio ($${\lambda }_{m}$$

λ
m

) were used as measures of skin deformation between two landmarks and multiple landmarks, respectively. The effects of grasping posture on skin deformation in different directions were analyzed. The results revealed significant variations in skin deformation among different grasping postures, except for the width of middle finger metacarpal and the length of middle finger’s proximal phalanx. The $${\lambda }_{p}$$

λ
p

increased with decreasing grasping object diameter, ranging from 5 to 18% on the coronal axis, and from 4 to 20% on the vertical axis. The overall variation of $${\lambda }_{m}$$

λ
m

ranged from 5 to 37.5%, following the same trend as $${\lambda }_{p}$$

λ
p

except for the surface area of tiger’s mouth, which exhibited a maximum difference of 10.9% with significant differences. These findings have potential applications in improving the design of hand equipment and understanding hand movement characteristics.
Antimicrobial activity of ZnO-Ag-MWCNTs nanocomposites prepared by a simple impregnation–calcination method
Authors: Al-Gaashani Rashad , Pasha Mujaheed , Jabbar Khadeeja Abdul , Shetty Akshath R. , Baqiah Hussein , Mansour Said , Kochkodan Viktor , Lawler Jenny 
Published: December 2023

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods and ZnO nanostructures composited with silver (Ag) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been synthesized by a simple impregnation–calcination method and have been shown to be suitable for use as antimicrobial agents. The preparation method used for composite materials is very simple, time-effective, and can be used for large-scale production. Several analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), have been used to characterize the prepared ZnO-Ag-MWCNT composite materials. The effects on structural, morphological, and antimicrobial properties of (ZnO)100-x (Ag)x nanocomposites at various weight ratios (x = 0, 5, 10, 30, and 50 wt%) have been investigated. The antimicrobial properties of ZnO composited with Ag nanoparticles and MWCNTs towards both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria species were studied. The effect of raw MWCNTs and MWCNTs composited with ZnO and Ag on the cell morphology and chemical composition of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) was studied by SEM and EDS, respectively. It was found that composite materials made of ZnO-Ag-MWCNTs exhibit greater antibacterial activities toward the microorganisms E. coli and S. aureus than ZnO-Ag, which could be beneficial for efficient antimicrobial agents in water and air treatment applications.
Establishment and characterization of matched immortalized human frontal and occipital scalp dermal papilla cell lines from androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Kwack Mi Hee , Hamida Ons Ben , Kim Min Kyu , Kim Moon Kyu , Sung Young Kwan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA), also known as male pattern baldness, is a common hair loss condition influenced by genetic and hormonal factors. Variations in gene expression and androgen responsiveness have been observed between the frontal and occipital regions of AGA patients. However, obtaining and cultivating frontal hair follicles is challenging. Therefore, no matched frontal and occipital dermal papilla (DP) cell lines have been reported yet. This study aimed to establish matched immortalized human frontal and occipital scalp DP cell lines from AGA patients. Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40T-Ag) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) were introduced into primary human DP cells. The obtained cell lines were characterized by assessing their gene expression patterns, androgen receptor (AR) levels, and the presence of 5-alpha reductase (5αR). Additionally, we examined their response to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and evaluated cell viability. The conditioned medium from the frontal DP cell line inhibited human hair follicle growth, leading to reduced keratinocyte proliferation and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, when the cells were cultured in a 3D environment mimicking in vivo conditions, the 3D cultured frontal DP cell line exhibited weaker sphere aggregation than the occipital DP cell line due to the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), MMP3, and MMP9. Additionally, the expression of DP signature genes was inhibited in the 3D cultured frontal DP cell line. These matched frontal and occipital DP cell lines hold significant potential as valuable resources for research on hair loss. Their establishment allows us to investigate the differences between frontal and occipital DP cells, contributing to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying AGA. Furthermore, these cell lines may be valuable for developing targeted therapeutic approaches for hair loss conditions.
β-Arrestin pathway activation by selective ATR1 agonism promotes calcium influx in podocytes, leading to glomerular damage
Authors: Semenikhina Marharyta , Fedoriuk Mykhailo , Stefanenko Mariia , Klemens Christine A. , Cherezova Alena , Marshall Brendan , Hall Gentzon , Levchenko Vladislav , Solanki Ashish K. , Lipschutz Joshua H. , Ilatovskaya Daria V. , Staruschenko Alexander , Palygin Oleg 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the first-line treatment for hypertension; they act by inhibiting signaling through the angiotensin 1 receptor (AT1R). Recently, a novel biased AT1R agonist, TRV120027 (TRV), which selectively activates the β-arrestin cascade and blocks the G-protein-coupled receptor pathway has been proposed as a potential blood pressure medication. Here, we explored the effects of TRV and associated β-arrestin signaling in podocytes, essential cells of the kidney filter. We used human podocyte cell lines to determine β-arrestin’s involvement in calcium signaling and cytoskeletal reorganization and Dahl SS rats to investigate the chronic effects of TRV administration on glomerular health. Our experiments indicate that the TRV-activated β-arrestin pathway promotes the rapid elevation of intracellular Ca2+ in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the amplitude of β-arrestin-mediated Ca2+ influx was significantly higher than the response to similar Ang II concentrations. Single-channel analyses show rapid activation of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels following acute TRV application. Furthermore, the pharmacological blockade of TRPC6 significantly attenuated the β-arrestin-mediated Ca2+ influx. Additionally, prolonged activation of the β-arrestin pathway in podocytes resulted in pathological actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, higher apoptotic cell markers, and augmented glomerular damage. TRV-activated β-arrestin signaling in podocytes may promote TRPC6 channel-mediated Ca2+ influx, foot process effacement, and apoptosis, possibly leading to severe defects in glomerular filtration barrier integrity and kidney health. Under these circumstances, the potential therapeutic application of TRV for hypertension treatment requires further investigation to assess the balance of the benefits versus possible deleterious effects and off-target damage.
An Exploration of the Nature of Vocabulary Change Following Language and Literacy Together Intervention
Authors: Bedore Lisa M. , Peña Elizabeth D. , Shivabasappa Prarthana , Perez Cecilia , Vargas Alejandro Granados , Leachman Molly , Wang Jiali 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
This exploratory study evaluates how bilingual first graders' vocabulary use in narrative changed after a Spanish-language intervention that focuses on connection between language and literacy.

Method:
Ten Spanish–English bilingual first graders produced three English and three Spanish narratives based on the Test of Narrative Language protocol pre- and postintervention. All samples were transcribed. Based on comprehensive word inventories, all words produced by the children were identified as being core words; Tiers 1, 2, and 3 words; and/or cognates in both languages. We also coded all utterances for use of internal state terms (ISTs). We evaluated total and unique production of these kinds of words.

Results:
Postintervention children increased their total number of cognates and ISTs across languages. They also increased the unique core words, Tier 1 words, and cognates postintervention. They also used more of each of these kinds of words in Spanish—the language of intervention—than in English.

Conclusions:
Children make qualitative changes to their vocabulary postintervention. There is greater change in the use of core words and Tier 1 words in Spanish. These increases in productivity and variability were indicated by the number of unique words added to the children's repertoires in ways that supported narrative production.
Assessment in Farsi–English Emerging Bilingual Children: A Tutorial
Authors: Namazi Mahchid , Salehomoum Maryam 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
Emerging bilingual children represent a diverse population with regard to their language learning histories and individual factors. When assessing a bilingual child, it is important to accurately differentiate typical second-language learning characteristics from differences that indicate a disorder. The Iranian scholarly and clinical communities have established essential linguistic norms and identified linguistic and nonlinguistic indicators of speech and language disorder in Farsi-speaking children. The community has also developed assessment tools that are useful when evaluating the language skills of bilingual Farsi-English–speaking children.

Method:
We present some relevant characteristics of the Farsi-speaking community and summarize the literature related to linguistic norms and the characteristics of the Farsi language, particularly related to the phonological and morphosyntactic structure of Farsi. To illustrate the diversity in bilingual children's profiles and the need for individualized assessment, we present two case studies of sequential emerging Farsi–English bilingual children.

Results:
We present the children's assessment results and report clinical indicators of a language disorder. The case examples are used to highlight several recommendations for conducting individualized and culturally sensitive assessments.

Conclusions:
This tutorial highlights the need for a comprehensive and individualized assessment of a bilingual child. Specific assessment tools and procedures are outlined to support clinicians in completing accurate and sensitive evaluations of Farsi–English bilingual children.
Learning the geometry of short‐circuit faults in power systems for real‐time fault detection and classification
Authors: Naranjo Cuéllar Juan Pablo , Ramos López Gustavo , Giraldo Trujillo Luis Felipe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGiven the short time intervals in which short‐circuit faults occur in a power system, a certain time delay between the moment of a fault's inception in the system to the moment in which the fault is actually detected is introduced. In this small time margin, the high amplitudes of the fault current can deal significant damage to the power system. A technique to characterise different types of short circuit faults in a power system for real‐time detection, namely AB, BC, CA, ABC, AG, BG and CG faults (and normal operation), is presented based on the geometry of the curve generated by the Clarke transform of the three‐phase voltages of the power system. The process was conducted in real time using the HIL402 system and a Raspberry Pi 3, and all programming done in the Python programming language. It was concluded that the tested types of faults can be accurately characterised using the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix that characterises an ellipse associated with each fault: eigenvalues can be used to determine the fault inception distance and eigenvectors can be used to determine the type of fault that occurred. Next, the design of a machine learning model was done based on the previously mentioned characterisation technique. The model was embedded into a Raspberry Pi 3, thus enabling fault detection and classification in a base power system in real time. Finally, the accuracy of the model was tested under different measurement conditions, yielding satisfactory results for a selected set of conditions and overcoming the shortcomings presented in the current research, which do not perform detection and classification in real time.
Deep learning‐based time delay estimation for motion compensation in synthetic aperture sonars
Authors: Chen Shiping , Chi Cheng , Zhang Pengfei , Wang Peng , Liu Jiyuan , Huang Haining 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAccurate and robust time delay estimation is crucial for synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) imaging. A two‐step time delay estimation method based on displaced phase centre antenna (DPCA) micronavigation has been widely applied in motion estimation and compensation of SASs. However, the existing methods for time delay estimation are not sufficiently robust, which reduces the performance of SAS motion estimation. Deep learning is currently one of the cutting‐edge techniques and has brought about a remarkable progress in the field of underwater acoustic signal processing. In this study, a deep learning‐based time delay estimation method is introduced to SAS motion estimation and compensation. The subband processing is first applied to obtain ambiguous time delays between adjacent pings from phases of SAS echoes. Then, a lightweight neural network is utilised to construct phase unwrapping. The model of the employed neural network is trained with simulation data and applied to real SAS data. The results of time delay estimation and motion compensation demonstrate that the proposed neural network‐based method has much better performance than the two‐step and joint‐subband methods.
Genetische Ursachen der Adipositas und ihre therapeutischen
Implikationen
Authors: Rajcsanyi Luisa Sophie , Schmidt Jasmin , Düerkop Sieglinde , Grote Lola , Peters Triinu , Körner Antje , Fischer-Posovszky Pamela , Hinney Anke 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungAdipositas ist eine komplexe Störung, die von Umweltfaktoren und
genetischen Varianten beeinflusst wird. Basierend auf den genetischen Grundlagen
wird zwischen zwei Formen der Adipositas unterschieden. Die monogene (und
syndromale) Adipositas ist selten und wird von Mutationen in jeweils einem Gen
bedingt. Zur Manifestation einer extremen Adipositas mit Hyperphagie kommt es
bereits in den ersten Lebensjahren. Abhängig vom betroffenen Gen
können zudem weitere phänotypische Ausprägungen
hinzukommen. Die polygene Adipositas dagegen ist weitaus häufiger.
Ursächlich für diese Form ist eine Vielzahl von genetischen
Varianten, die jeweils einen geringen, aber additiven Effekt auf das
Körpergewicht haben. Frühzeitige genetische Diagnostik kann die
vorliegende Form der Adipositas identifizieren und die Wahl einer geeigneten
Therapieoption, ob Lebensstilintervention, bariatrische Chirurgie oder
pharmakologische Behandlung, unterstützen. Wir stellen aktuelle
Erkenntnisse der Forschung über die genetischen Ursachen der Adipositas
dar. Zudem werden therapeutische und diagnostische Optionen, die teils auf
genetischen Befunden basieren, beleuchtet.
Phytotherapeutische Optionen zur Behandlung von akuten
Harnwegsinfekten und interstitieller Zystitis
Authors: Utz Sandra , Klose Petra , Langhorst Jost 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungHarnwegsinfektionen gehören zu den häufigsten bakteriellen
Infektionen beim Menschen, wobei die unkomplizierte Zystitis die
häufigste Form ist. Studien haben gezeigt, dass die
Durchspülungstherapie mit Wasser und pflanzlichen
Durchspülungsmitteln wie Birkenblätter, Brennnesselkraut,
Hauhechelwurzel, Katzenbart, Schachtelhalmkraut,
Bärentraubenblätter, Goldrutenkraut, Spargelwurzelstock,
Cranberries und Wacholderbeeren effektiv zur Reduktion von rezidivierenden
Harnwegsinfektionen beitragen kann. Die steigende Antibiotika-Resistenz hat dazu
geführt, dass Phytopharmaka als mögliche Alternative betrachtet
werden. Pflanzen enthalten sekundäre Inhaltsstoffe mit antibakterieller
Wirkung, die auf verschiedenen Ebenen auf mikrobielle Erreger einwirken
können. Phytopharmaka können als Antiinfektiva mit einer breiten
Wirkung und als Adjuvantien zur Verbesserung der antibiotischen Therapie
eingesetzt werden.Bei interstitieller Zystitis (IC), einer nichtinfektiösen chronischen
Erkrankung der Harnblase, sind die Ursachen vielfältig und die
Behandlung ist häufig komplex. Eine mögliche Verbindung zur
Histaminintoleranz wird diskutiert, da viele histaminhaltige Nahrungsmittel
Symptome der IC auslösen können. Die Phytotherapie, insbesondere
mit Kräutern wie Rosmarin, Tausendgüldenkraut,
Liebstöckel, Hauhechelwurzel, Orthosiphonblätter und
Goldrutenkraut, die histaminreduzierende oder -stabilisierende Eigenschaften
haben, könnte eine vielversprechende Option sein. Es gibt jedoch noch
keine formellen Studien zur Phytotherapie bei IC. Zusammenfassend lässt
sich sagen, dass die Phytotherapie bei Harnwegsinfektionen,
einschließlich IC, vielversprechende Ansätze bietet. Weitere
klinische Studien sind jedoch erforderlich, um die Wirksamkeit und Akzeptanz in
der medizinischen Praxis zu bestätigen und möglicherweise in
zukünftige Leitlinien aufzunehmen.
Total Synthesis of Lucidumone: Attempted Shortcuts, Dead Ends and Lessons Learnt
Authors: de la Torre Aurélien , Huang Guangho , Laporte Amaury , Pagès Lucas , Kouklovsky Cyrille 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLucidumone is a meroterpenoid isolated from the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum, displaying selective COX-2 inhibitory activity. In this work, we detail our synthetic efforts which led to the first enantioselective synthesis of lucidumone in 13 steps (longest linear sequence). Beyond the key retro-[4+2]/intramolecular Diels–Alder cascade, we discuss the difficulties regarding fragment assembly, introduction of the methyl ketone moiety and choice of adequate protecting group.
Familial MEN1 Syndrome Diagnosed on Functional Imaging: A Case Report with Clinical and Genetic Correlation
Authors: Kalshetty Ashwini , Chalikandy Ashwini 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMultiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1 (MEN1) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by tumors involving parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreas. The diagnosis is mostly clinical and by the presence of MEN1 gene mutation. We present a case with initial presentation of neuroendocrine tumor of pancreas whose ancillary findings on 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography-computed tomography helped in raising suspicion of MEN1, which was confirmed on genetic testing and family history. We emphasize the importance of using gestalt approach in such cases to avoid misdiagnosis or delay. Additionally, we describe the clinical profile of affected family members with their MEN1 gene mutation status, highlighting the gestalt approach again to uncover the unknowns.
Complications and Outcome of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease in Small Dogs Treated with Tiny TTA Rapid
Authors: Entoft Jessica , Skytte Ditte , Schmökel Hugo , Dyall Barbara 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the complications and the long-term outcome of TTA Tiny in small dogs using data from pressure-sensitive walkway analysis and the Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD) questionnaire. This is a retrospective study. Dogs under 15 kg were included. Breed, weight, gender, age, and lameness were recorded. Clinical examination, radiographs, and pressure-sensitive walkway analysis were performed during the long-term follow-up visit. Radiographs were assessed for the postoperative patellar tendon angle (PTA), bone healing, and implant position, and the postoperative complications were recorded. Twenty-nine stifles were included. One dog (3%) had an intraoperative major complication and 14 (48%) had minor complications. Medium- to long-term follow-up was available in 20 of the 23 dogs (87%). Eight (40%) dogs were followed up by telephone using the LOAD questionnaire and 12 dogs (60%) came back for a long-term follow-up appointment. The average LOAD score was 3.6 and the average lameness score was 0. All the dogs presented at a clinical follow-up were considered lame free. All the owners were pleased with the long-term result after surgery based on the LOAD score and the return to normal activity. The result from this study showed low rate of perioperative complications with the use of the TTA Tiny implant in small dogs and a good long-term outcome based on client questionnaire and the result from pressure-sensitive walkway analysis.