bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eligibility of cardiac arrest patients for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and their clinical characteristics: a retrospective two-centre study
Authors: Verdonschot Rob J.C.G. , Buissant des Amorie Floor I. , Koopman Seppe S.H.A. , Rietdijk Wim J.R. , Ko Sindy Y. , Sharma Upasna R.U. , Schluep Marc , den Uil Corstiaan A. , dos Reis Miranda Dinis , Mandigers Loes 
Published: October 2023

Background and importanceSudden cardiac arrest has a high incidence and often leads to death. A treatment option that might improve the outcomes in refractory cardiac arrest is Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (ECPR).ObjectivesThis study investigates the number of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients eligible to ECPR and identifies clinical characteristics that may help to identify which patients benefit the most from ECPR.Design, settings and participantsA retrospective two-centre study was conducted in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. All IHCA and OHCA patients between 1 January 2017 and 1 January 2020 were screened for eligibility to ECPR. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients eligible to ECPR and patients treated with ECPR. The secondary outcome was the comparison of the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients eligible to ECPR treated with conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CCPR) vs. those of patients treated with ECPR.Main resultsOut of 1246 included patients, 412 were IHCA patients and 834 were OHCA patients. Of the IHCA patients, 41 (10.0%) were eligible to ECPR, of whom 20 (48.8%) patients were actually treated with ECPR. Of the OHCA patients, 83 (9.6%) were eligible to ECPR, of whom 23 (27.7%) were actually treated with ECPR. In the group IHCA patients eligible to ECPR, no statistically significant difference in survival was found between patients treated with CCPR and patients treated with ECPR (hospital survival 19.0% vs. 15.0% respectively, 4.0% survival difference 95% confidence interval −21.3 to 28.7%). In the group OHCA patients eligible to ECPR, no statistically significant difference in-hospital survival was found between patients treated with CCPR and patients treated with ECPR (13.3% vs. 21.7% respectively, 8.4% survival difference 95% confidence interval −30.3 to 10.2%).ConclusionThis retrospective study shows that around 10% of cardiac arrest patients are eligible to ECPR. Less than half of these patients eligible to ECPR were actually treated with ECPR in both IHCA and OHCA.
The Relationship Between Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic-linked Job Losses and Health Care Access and Household Financial Health in Medicaid Expansion and Nonexpansion States
Authors: Benitez Joseph A. , Huang Huang , Johnson Portia L. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Unemployment associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was linked to financial insecurity and disruptions in access to health care.

Objective:
To explore whether expanded access to Medicaid mitigated the likelihood of health and non-health financial hardship associated with pandemic-linked job loss.

Design:
We estimate linear regression models comparing differences in the levels of outcomes attributable to pandemic-linked joblessness in Medicaid expansion and nonexpansion states.

Observations:
A total of 20,281 adults aged 19–64 were in the 2021 National Financial Capability Study.

Measures:
Our key exposure was job loss, layoffs, and furloughs, attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. Outcomes under evaluation include indicators of health care access and household financial health.

Results:
Relative to persons reporting pandemic-linked unemployment in nonexpansion states, adults experiencing pandemic-linked job loss in expansion states were less likely to report as uninsured [−6.2 percentage points (PPs); 95% CI: −10.8, −1.6; P < 0.01], having unpaid medical bills (−4.3 PP; 95% CI: −8, −0.6; P < 0.05), having unmet medical needs due to cost (−5.3 PP; 95% CI: −10.1, −0.5; P < 0.05), and having calls from debt collection agencies (−6.9 PP; 95% CI: −10.6, −3.1; P < 0.01). Patterns consistent with Medicaid acting as a safety net for the adverse financial effects of job loss were more pronounced for middle-income households.

Conclusions:
In economic downturns, such as the COVID-19 crisis, Medicaid can help insulate households from diminished health care access and financial distress associated with job loss.
Climate change and its influence in nephron mass
Authors: Alvarez-Elias Ana Catalina , Brenner Barry M. , Luyckx Valerie A. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
The consequences of climate change, including heat and extreme weather events impact kidney function in adults and children. The impacts of climate change on kidney development during gestation and thereby on kidney function later in life have been poorly described. Clinical evidence is summarized to highlight possible associations between climate change and nephron mass.

Recent findings
Pregnant women are vulnerable to the effects of climate change, being less able to thermoregulate, more sensitive to the effects of dehydration, and more susceptible to infections. Exposure to heat, wildfire smoke, drought, floods and climate-related infections are associated with low birth weight, preterm birth and preeclampsia. These factors are associated with reduced nephron numbers, kidney dysfunction and higher blood pressures in offspring in later life. Exposure to air pollution is associated with higher blood pressures in children and has variable effects on estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Summary
Climate change has important impacts on pregnant women and their unborn children. Being born too small or too soon is associated with life-time risk of kidney disease. Climate change may therefore have a dual effect of impacting fetal kidney development and contributing to cumulative postnatal kidney injury. The impact on population kidney health of future generations may be significant.
Predictive Value of Antithrombin III and d-Dimer in the Development of Moderate-To-Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Garcia Borobia Francisco , Flores Clotet Roser , Bejarano Gonzalez Natalia , Gonzalez Martinez Sergio , Garcia Monforte Neus , Romaguera Monzonis Andreu , Gonzalez Abos Carolina , Gonzalez Abos Sandra , Lucas Guerrero Victoria , Perez Perarnau Alba , Mota Villaplana Francisco 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
To analyze if antithrombin III (AT-III) and d-dimer levels at admission and at 24 hours can predict acute pancreatitis (AP) progression to moderately severe AP (MSAP) to severe AP (SAP) and to determine their predictive value on the development of necrosis, infected necrosis, organ failure, and mortality.

Methods
Prospective observational study conducted in patients with mild AP in 2 tertiary hospitals (2015–2017).

Results
Three hundred forty-six patients with mild AP were included. Forty-four patients (12.7%) evolved to MSAP/SAP. Necrosis was detected in 36 patients (10.4%); in 10 (2.9%), infection was confirmed. Organ failure was recorded in 9 patients (2.6%), all of whom died. Those who progressed to MSAP/SAP showed lower AT-III levels; d-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels increased. The best individual marker for MSAP/SAP at 24 hours is CRP (area under the curve [AUC], 0.839). Antithrombin III (AUC, 0.641), d-dimer (AUC, 0.783), and creatinine added no benefit compared with CRP alone. Similar results were observed for patients who progressed to necrosis, infected necrosis, and organ failure/death.

Conclusion
Low AT-III and high d-dimer plasma levels at 24 hours after admission were significantly associated with MSAP/SAP, although their predictive ability was low. C-reactive protein was the best marker tested.

Clinical Study Identifier

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02373293
Start With the Body or the Mind? Differential Benefits of Mindfulness and Qigong Practices for Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Authors: Wan Adrian H. Y. , Ho Rainbow T. H. , Yau Joshua C. Y. , Yau Elzer F. K. 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundMindfulness and qigong are 2 distinct forms of mind-body practice that have been well-received by cancer survivors. Although there is evidence supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness or qigong in promoting wellness of cancer survivors, little is known about the differential benefits of these common forms of mind-body practices among survivors.ObjectiveTo compare the potential biopsychosocial-spiritual impacts of mindfulness and Baduanjin (BDJ) qigong on colorectal cancer survivors.MethodsSixty cancer survivors who participated in a mindfulness intervention (n = 38) and BDJ qigong (n = 22) intervention were invited to provide qualitative feedback for their experiences. Content analyses were conducted to identify emerging themes from the data, andχ2tests were conducted to compare the responses of the mindfulness and BDJ groups in the major categories.ResultsBoth practices positively influenced psychosocial wellness. The practice of BDJ qigong led to more prominent improvements in physical well-being, whereas mindfulness worked best in enhancing spiritual growth and intrapersonal connectedness.ConclusionsSurvivors of colorectal cancer who are looking for ways to enhance their vitality and rejuvenate their physical body may find the practice of BDJ helpful, whereas survivors who are looking for spiritual comfort or growth may consider practicing mindfulness as an entry point toward mind-body unity.Implications for PracticeMindfulness and BDJ may be helpful for survivors of colorectal cancer to improve their holistic wellness. Oncology nurses can consider prescription of mindfulness and/or BDJ for patients recovering from colorectal cancer.
Burden of Other Musculoskeletal Disorders in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Mendoza-Pinto Claudia , Etchegaray-Morales Ivet , Munguía-Realpozo Pamela , Rojas-Villarraga Adriana , Osorio-Peña Ángel David , Méndez-Martínez Socorro , García-Carrasco Mario 
Published: October 2023

Objective
To describe the results from the Global Burden Disease (GBD) study 2019 on the burden of other musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from all LAC region in the GBD study from 1990 to 2019. Other MSK (other than rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout, low back pain, and neck pain) burden was measured as prevalence, mortality, years lived with disability (YLD), and disability-adjusted life (DALY), by year, sex, and country. We show the counts, rates, and 95% uncertainty intervals (95% UI). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to estimate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) from 1990 to 2019. A correlational analysis between the burden parameters and sociodemographic index (SDI) was performed.

Results
In 2019, there were 52.0 million (95% UI, 44.8–60.1 million) individuals with other MSK disorders in LAC. The age-standardized mortality rate in 2019 was 1.2 (95% UI, 0.8–1.6) per 100,000 inhabitants. The AAPC was estimated as 0.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.1–0.2) and 0.2% (95% CI, 0.1–0.3) for prevalence and mortality rates, respectively. The age-standardized DALY rate was 685.4 (95% UI, 483.6–483.6) per 100,000 inhabitants, representing an AAPC of 0.2% (95% CI, 0.1–0.3). The burden was larger in women and the elderly. The SDI was positively correlated with the prevalence of YLD in 2019.

Conclusions
LAC region has experienced a significant burden of other MSK disorders over the last three decades. To challenge this growing burden, population-based strategies designed to reduce the burden of other MSK and strengthen health systems to contribute effective and cost-efficient care are necessary.
Ultrasound—An Easy Available and Useful Point-of-Care Adjunct for Clinical Decision-Making in Hand Infections
Authors: Mueller Camillo Theo , Aman Martin , Grünfelder Franziska , Haug Valentin , Thomas Benjamin , Bollmann Christoph , Kneser Ulrich , Harhaus Leila 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Initial findings of hand infections warrant a thorough treatment strategy depending on the progress of the infection. The decision for surgical treatment can be unclear. Searching to improve the quality of diagnostics, we reviewed the literature regarding the use of point-of-care ultrasound (PCUS) in hand infections and analyzed patients undergoing decision-making with PCUS. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Register, and Google Scholar for the use of PCUS in therapy planning in infections of the hand. In addition, we screened our patients from July 1, 2020, to November 30, 2020, to validate the potential benefit of ultrasound examination in suspected hand infections. We evaluated initial clinical examinations versus blinded sonographic assessments in the context of correct decision to proceed with surgery or conservative treatment. Two thousand forty-eight studies within the topic were identified, but only 9 studies were found eligible to be included with a total of 88 patients. The studies illustrate that ultrasound can be performed on all patients, including children and pregnant women, and can be performed in a timely manner. In our retrospective analysis of 20 patients with suspected hand infection, the clinical and ultrasound assessment led to surgery in 13 cases. Of those 13 patients, 7 revealed intraoperative pus. By retrospective assessment of solely the ultrasound images, surgery would have been indicated in 9 cases, including all 7 cases with intraoperative pus. Clinical examination and ultrasound can help in detecting infections of the hand. Ultrasound examination, however, seems to yield a lower false-positive rate than clinical examination. Ultrasound could be a valuable addition to clinical examination.
The Buccal Fat Pad as a Primary Flap for the Reconstruction of Intraoral Defect After Resection of Oral Cavity Malignant Tumors: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Jolly Satnam Singh , Singh Apoorva , Rattan Vidya 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Among the various local and regional flaps used for the reconstruction of intraoral defects after oral cavity cancer surgery, the pedicled buccal fat pad (BFP) flap is considered a reliable alternative. Reconstruction with a BFP flap is particularly feasible in oral cavity areas, such as the posterior maxilla, buccal mucosa, retromolar trigone, and gingivobuccal sulcus. The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of pedicled BFP as a primary reconstruction flap for small to medium intraoral posterior oral cavity postresection defects operated in our institute.

Methods:
This study was designed as a retrospective study. Thirty-seven patients with oral cavity cancer underwent wide local excision with adequate margins, followed by reconstruction of the defect with a pedicled BFP flap. Defect size, postoperative healing of the surgical site, mouth opening at 6 months, and any associated complications were assessed.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 47.38±9.95 years with a male-to-female ratio of 3.6:1. Mean defect size at the greatest dimension was 5.01±1.39 cm. The mean preoperative mouth opening of patients was 35±6.4 mm, whereas the mean postoperative mouth opening after 6 months of follow-up was 27.8±9.2 cm.

Conclusion:
The BFP flap is a convenient, reliable, and feasible reconstruction modality after oncological resection of posterior oral cavity cancers. Harvesting a BFP flap is minimally invasive with fewer complications, shorter recovery time, no donor site morbidity, and allows early initiation of adjuvant therapy postoperatively.
Clinical and genetic associations of asymmetric apical and septal left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Yuan Victoria , Vukadinovic Milos , Kwan Alan C. , Rader Florian , Li Debiao , Ouyang David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIncreased left ventricular mass has been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes including incident cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation. Such associations have been studied in relation to total left ventricular hypertrophy, while the regional distribution of myocardial hypertrophy is extremely variable and the clinical significant and genetic associations of such variability requires further study. Here, we use deep learning derived phenotypes of disproportionate patterns of hypertrophy, such as apical hypertrophy and septal hypertrophy, to study genome-wide and clinical associations in addition to and independent from total left ventricular mass within 35,268 UK Biobank participants. Adjusting for total left ventricular mass, apical hypertrophy is associated with elevated risk for cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation, and the risk for cardiomyopathy was increased for subjects with increased apical or septal mass even in the absence of global hypertrophy. We identified seventeen genome-wide associations for left ventricular mass, three unique associations with increased apical mass, and three additional unique associations with increased septal mass. Further studies are needed in multi-ethnic cohorts.
Deriving Explainable Metrics of Left Ventricular Flow by Reduced-Order Modeling and Classification
Authors: Borja María Guadalupe , Martinez-Legazpi Pablo , Nguyen Cathleen , Flores Oscar , Kahn Andrew M. , Bermejo Javier , del Álamo Juan C. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundExtracting explainable flow metrics is a bottleneck to the clinical translation of advanced cardiac flow imaging modalities. We hypothesized that reduced-order models (ROMs) of intraventricular flow are a suitable strategy for deriving simple and interpretable clinical metrics suitable for further assessments. Combined with machine learning (ML) flow-based ROMs could provide new insight to help diagnose and risk-stratify patients.MethodsWe analyzed 2D color-Doppler echocardiograms of 81 non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients, 51 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients, and 77 normal volunteers (Control). We applied proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to build patient-specific and cohort-specific ROMs of LV flow. Each ROM aggregates a low number of components representing a spatially dependent velocity map modulated along the cardiac cycle by a time-dependent coefficient. We tested three classifiers using deliberately simple ML analyses of these ROMs with varying supervision levels. In supervised models, hyperparameter gridsearch was used to derive the ROMs that maximize classification power. The classifiers were blinded to LV chamber geometry and function. We ran vector flow mapping on the color-Doppler sequences to help visualize flow patterns and interpret the ML results.ResultsPOD-based ROMs stably represented each cohort through 10-fold cross-validation. The principal POD mode captured >80% of the flow kinetic energy (KE) in all cohorts and represented the LV filling/emptying jets. Mode 2 represented the diastolic vortex and its KE contribution ranged from <1% (HCM) to 13% (DCM). Semi-unsupervised classification using patient-specific ROMs revealed that the KE ratio of these two principal modes, the vortex-to-jet (V2J) energy ratio, is a simple, interpretable metric that discriminates DCM, HCM, and Control patients. Receiver operating characteristic curves using V2J as classifier had areas under the curve of 0.81, 0.91, and 0.95 for distinguishing HCM vs. Control, DCM vs. Control, and DCM vs. HCM, respectively.ConclusionsModal decomposition of cardiac flow can be used to create ROMs of normal and pathological flow patterns, uncovering simple interpretable flow metrics with power to discriminate disease states, and particularly suitable for further processing using ML.
Nphos: Database and Predictor of ProteinN-phosphorylation
Authors: Zhao Ming-Xiao , Ding Ruo-Fan , Chen Qiang , Meng Junhua , Li Fulai , Fu Songsen , Huang Biling , Liu Yan , Ji Zhi-Liang , Zhao Yufen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProteinN-phosphorylation widely present in nature and participates in various biological functions. However, current knowledge onN-phosphorylation is extremely limited compared to that onO-phosphorylation. In this study, we collected 11,710 experimentally verifiedN-phosphosites of 7344 proteins from 39 species and subsequently constructed the database Nphos to share up-to-date information on proteinN-phosphorylation. Upon these substantial data, we characterized the sequential and structural features of proteinN-phosphorylation. Moreover, after comparing of hundreds of learning models, we chose and optimized gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) models to predict three types of humanN-phosphorylation, achieving mean areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 90.56%, 91.24%, and 92.01% for pHis, pLys, and pArg, respectively. Meanwhile, we discovered 488,825 distinctN-phosphosites in the human proteome. The models were also deployed in Nphos for interactiveN-phosphosite prediction. In summary, this work provides new insights and points for both flexible and focused investigations ofN-phosphorylation. It will also facilitate a deeper and more systematic understanding of proteinN-phosphorylation modification by providing a data and technical foundation. Nphos is freely available athttp://www.bio-add.organdhttp://ppodd.org.cn/Nphos/.
The impact of pubertal stress and adult hormone exposure on the transcriptome of the developing hypothalamus
Authors: Gautier Karissa N. , Higley Samantha L. , Mendoza John M. , Morrison Kathleen E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhy individuals suffer negative consequences following stress is a complex phenomenon that is dictated by individual factors, the timing of stress within the lifespan, and when in the lifespan the consequences are measured. Women who undergo adverse childhood experiences are at risk for lasting biological consequences, including affective and stress dysregulation. We have shown that pubertal adversity is associated with a blunted hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis glucocorticoid response in peripartum humans and mice. In mice, our prior examination of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus showed that pubertal stress led to an upregulation of baseline mRNA expression of six immediate early genes (IEGs) in the PVN of adult, pregnant mice. Separately, we showed that the pregnancy-associated hormone allopregnanolone is necessary and sufficient to produce the blunted stress response phenotype in pubertally stressed mice. In the current study, we further examined a potential mechanistic role for the IEGs in the PVN. We found that in pubertally stressed adult female, but not male, mice, intra-PVN allopregnanolone was sufficient to recapitulate the baseline IEG mRNA expression profile previously observed in pubertally stressed, pregnant mice. We also examined baseline IEG mRNA expression during adolescence, where we found that IEGs have developmental trajectories that showed sex-specific disruption by pubertal stress. Altogether, these data establish that IEGs may act as a key molecular switch involved in increased vulnerability to negative outcomes in adult, pubertally stressed animals. How the factors that produce vulnerability combine throughout the lifespan is key to our understanding of the etiology of stress-related disorders.