bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning for human emotion recognition: a comprehensive review
Authors: Younis Eman M. G. , Mohsen Someya , Houssein Essam H. , Ibrahim Osman Ali Sadek 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEmotion is an interdisciplinary research field investigated by many research areas such as psychology, philosophy, computing, and others. Emotions influence how we make decisions, plan, reason, and deal with various aspects. Automated human emotion recognition (AHER) is a critical research topic in Computer Science. It can be applied in many applications such as marketing, human–robot interaction, electronic games, E-learning, and many more. It is essential for any application requiring to know the emotional state of the person and act accordingly. The automated methods for recognizing emotions use many modalities such as facial expressions, written text, speech, and various biosignals such as the electroencephalograph, blood volume pulse, electrocardiogram, and others to recognize emotions. The signals can be used individually(uni-modal) or as a combination of more than one modality (multi-modal). Most of the work presented is in laboratory experiments and personalized models. Recent research is concerned about in the wild experiments and creating generic models. This study presents a comprehensive review and an evaluation of the state-of-the-art methods for AHER employing machine learning from a computer science perspective and directions for future research work.
Photodynamic bone stabilization for traumatic and pathologic fractures: a systematic review of utilization, complications, and patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Zhu Kevin Y. , McNassor Ryan , Hecht II Christian J. , Burkhart Robert J. , Nystrom Lukas M. , Kamath Atul F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The photodynamic bone stabilization system (PBSS) was was developed in 2010, and in 2018 gained FDA approval in the United States. Given its relative novelty, our analysis sought to analyze the available literature exploring the indications, outcomes, and complications of the PBSS.

Methods
We performed a systematic review (PROSPERO registration of study protocol: CRD42022363065, October 8th, 2022). PubMed, EBSCOHost, and Google Scholar electronic databases were queried to identify articles evaluating PBSS in the treatment of pathologic or traumatic fractures between January 1 2010 and 15 October 2022. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies tool.

Results
Our initial search yielded 326 publications, which were then screened for appropriate studies that aligned with the purpose of our review. A total of thirteen studies, comprising seven case series, four case reports, and two cohort studies. The total sample size of the included studies consisted of 345 patients, with 242 females (70%) and 103 males (30%). The implants were most commonly utilized in the humerus (41%), radius (12%), and metacarpal (12%). The most common complications were related to broken implants (5%) and dislocation (1%). Most studies reported complete fracture healing and return of full strength and range of motion.

Conclusion
Despite being a relatively novel technology, PBSS appears to be a viable option for fracture stabilization. Most studies included in our analysis reported complete fracture healing and return of function with minimal complications.
Pediatric osteochondral fractures: clinical insights associate early diagnosis to early rehabilitation via arthroscopy
Authors: Pechlivanidou Evmorfia , Zambakides Christos , Margariti Rodanthi E. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This retrospective observational cohort analysis aims to address diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in managing osteochondral fractures (OCFs) resulting from acute patella dislocation and ankle sprains in children.

Methods
The study includes 15 children treated for OCFs between January 2020 and July 2022. Data were obtained from medical records and analyzed using logistic regression.

Results
The diagnostic and treatment algorithm involves detailed history, clinical examination, and imaging, with MRI guiding therapeutic decisions. Arthroscopic or mini open fixation led to successful rehabilitation, with 93% achieving full mobility at 9 months. Age was identified as a slight risk factor for free fragments in MRI, and arthroscopic management correlated with faster recovery at 3 months.

Conclusion
This study underscores the importance of immediate diagnosis and minimally invasive intervention for OCFs in children. Timely treatment, guided by a diagnostic algorithm, facilitates joint restoration and prevents degenerative consequences, ensuring a return to regular activities within a year postoperatively.

Level of Evidence
IV
Combining X-ray micro-CT and microscopy-based images of two lianas species to derive structural, mechanical and functional relationships
Authors: Karlen Claudine , Turberg Pascal , Buttler Alexandre , Martin Océane , Schweingruber Fritz , Vassilopoulos Anastasios P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a biomechanical study of stems of two liana species, Clematis vitalba and Vitis vinifera, investigates the mechanical performance of these two liana species and attempts to enhance the understanding of structure–function relationships. The investigation involved mechanical testing of whole plant stems, supplemented by X-ray micro-CT (X-ray computed tomography at micron voxel size) imaging and 2D microscopic images of stained cross sections of the plant stems, to derive structure–function relationships with potential for application in bioinspired composite materials. The micro-CT images were compared to the microscopic images of stained cross sections, in order to show benefits and potential drawbacks of the X-ray micro-CT method with respect to traditional methods. The high-resolution 3D imaging capacity of micro-CT is exploited to explain the structural functionality derived from the mechanical testing. A simple finite element model is developed based on the plant topology derived by the micro-CT images and proved accurate enough to model the plant’s mechanical behaviour and assess the influence of their structural differences. The two plants exhibit different to each other physical and mechanical properties (density, strength and stiffness) due to their common growth form. Anatomical cross-sectional observation and X-ray micro-CT provide complementary information. The first method allows the identification of the lignified parts, supposedly more resistant mechanically, of these structures, while the second one provides a full 3D model of the structure, admittedly less detailed but providing the spatial distribution of density contrasts supposed to be important in the mechanical properties of the plant. The proposed methodological approach opens new perspectives to better understand the mechanical behaviour of the complex structure of plants and to draw inspiration from it in structural engineering.
Role of zonisamide in advanced Parkinson’s disease: a randomized placebo-controlled study
Authors: Essam Mohamed , Hamid Eman , Abushady Eman , El-Balkimy Mahmoud , Antonini Angelo , Shalash Ali 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Zonisamide (ZNS) has shown some efficacy in motor symptoms of PD; however, more evidence is lacking, and its effects on nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) and quality of life (QoL) remain to be investigated. This randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled crossover study investigated the effect of ZNS on motor and NMS symptoms and QoL in advanced PD.

Methods
PD patients with Hoehn and Yahr stage ≥ 2 (“On” state) and at least 2 h off time daily were randomized to groups: ZNS 25 mg, ZNS 50 mg and placebo. Groups were assessed at baseline and at the 1- and 3-month follow-ups. The primary endpoint was the change in the total MDS-UPDRS III “On”, while the secondary endpoint was the change in the total and parts I and IV MDS-UPDRS, Nonmotor Symptoms Scale and Parkinson’s disease questionnaire-39 at the final assessment.

Results
Sixty-nine patients were assessed for efficacy at the 1-month follow-up, and 58 patients were assessed at the 3-month follow-up. The primary endpoint showed significant improvement in the ZNS 25 mg group compared to the placebo group (p = 0.009). At the final assessment, the ZNS 25 mg group showed significant improvement of total and part VI MDS-UPDRS, bradykinesia, tremor and functional impact of fluctuations compared to placebo. There was no change in dyskinesia, NMSs, QoL or side effects except for sedation.

Conclusion
ZNS has a favourable effect on motor symptoms in patients with wearing off as adjunctive therapy with other dopaminergic drugs, with no exacerbation of dyskinesia and a limited impact on NMSs and QoL.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04182399, in 24/11/2019.
Statistics anxiety or statistics fear? A reinforcement sensitivity theory perspective on psychology students’ statistics anxiety, attitudes, and self-efficacy
Authors: Mendes Renata A. , Loxton Natalie J. , Stuart Jaimee , O’Donnell Alexander W. , Stainer Matthew J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research investigates the role of reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) in statistics education among two distinct samples of undergraduate psychology students. In Study 1, 318 students in a third-year statistics course completed self-report measures of RST, anxiety, attitudes, and self-efficacy concerning the study of statistics. In Study 2, 577 students from first-, second-, and third-year statistics courses participated. Controlling for age and gender, both studies found students who were high in goal-drive persistence reported lower statistics anxiety, higher statistics self-efficacy and more favourable attitudes toward learning statistics, while students who were high in the tendency to avoid threat reported higher statistics anxiety. Those with a more sensitive behavioural inhibition system reported greater statistics anxiety and less favourable attitudes, in Study 2 but not Study 1. Results indicate that RST dimensions account for as much as 23% of additional variance in statistics anxiety, 18% in statistics self-efficacy, and 11% in attitudes, after controlling for age and gender. These studies highlight the utility of RST dimensions, notably goal-drive persistence, threat sensitivity, and behavioural inhibition, in providing critical information as to personality differences among students that need to be considered when developing programs targeting statistics anxiety, attitudes, and self-efficacy.
Seltene und komplexe Epilepsien – Herausforderungen in Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Brandt Christian , Bien Christian G. , Kohnen Oona , Krey Ilona , Ramantani Georgia , Renzel Roland , Wolff Markus , Imbach Lukas L. 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungEpilepsie ist mit einer Prävalenz von ca. 0,7 % eine häufige Erkrankung. Gleichzeitig kann sie durch eine Vielzahl von Ursachen bedingt bzw. von einer großen Zahl von Komorbiditäten begleitet sein. Viele dieser Ursachen und Komorbiditäten erfüllen wiederum die Definition einer seltenen Erkrankung. Eine solche liegt vor, wenn weniger als einer unter 2000 Menschen an dieser Erkrankung leidet. Dies trifft für die entwicklungsbedingten und epileptischen Enzephalopathien („developmental and epileptic encephalopathies“ [DEEs]) zu. Bei diesen trägt die zugrunde liegende Ätiologie zur Entstehung einer Epilepsie wie auch einer Entwicklungsstörung bei. Die Prävalenz von Epilepsie unter Menschen mit Intelligenzminderung ist hoch. Unter Berücksichtigung dieser Ausführungen ergibt sich eine Schnittmenge von Epilepsie, seltenen Erkrankungen, DEEs und Intelligenzminderung. Je nach Blickwinkel ergeben sich andere Aspekte. Menschen mit Intelligenzminderung haben besondere Bedürfnisse, DEEs erfordern eine genetische Diagnostik und sind so ggf. einer spezifischen Behandlung zugänglich, und der Begriff der seltenen Erkrankungen hat zusätzliche Implikationen im Sinne politischer Unterstützung und Forschungsförderung. Diesen Themen – also seltene Erkrankungen, DEEs und Intelligenzminderung im Kontext der Epilepsien – war ein Workshop am Schweizerischen Epilepsie-Zentrum (Klinik Lengg), Zürich, im Frühjahr 2023 gewidmet. Diese Übersicht gibt den Inhalt der Vorträge wieder, die bei dieser Gelegenheit gehalten wurden.
Characterizing Inverse Sequences For Which Their Inverse Limits Are Homeomorphic
Authors: Črepnjak M. , Sovič T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn [11], Mioduszewski characterized inverse sequences of polyhedra
for which their inverse limits are homeomorphic. In this article, we obtain a
more general characterization: we characterize inverse sequences of arbitrary compact
metric spaces and continuous single-valued functions for which their inverse
limits are homeomorphic. In our approach, set-valued functions are used instead
of continuous single-valued functions in almost commutative diagrams. Using
this characterization we give an alternative proof that the Brouwer-Janiszewski-Knaster continuum and the pseudo-arc are circle-like continua.
Reasoning Around Wealth Decumulation Choices for Adults Aged 50 Years and Older: The Role of Family Values
Authors: CHEN Ke , LOU Vivian Wei Qun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStudies have shown that older people do not dissave and that they dissave slower than theoretically predicted. They also rarely use wealth decumulation products like annuities and reverse mortgages, despite the longevity insurance these provide. Most extant explanations characterized financial decumulation choices as rational, independent, and egocentric, overlooking the socioeconomic context and cultural values. The Confucian cultural heritage concerning family values may provide an alternative explanation and enrich the understanding of this phenomenon. Consequently, we explored how adults aged 50 years and older in Hong Kong reason about their financial decumulation choices, specifically with respect to four financial decumulation products: annuities, reverse mortgages, joint accounts, and wills. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data in this participatory qualitative study, conducted in partnership with older adults and law students. Sixty community-dwelling residents in Hong Kong ages 50–70 years participated in the study. The results show that wealth decumulation is largely influenced by relational and family values and is complicated by intersecting political, social, and cultural circumstances. The Confucianism-based, collectivist familism and filial piety underpinning Hong Kong society incline adults to adopt an attitude of self-restrain when making financial decumulation choices. Family morality values must be considered in the development of retirement products and retirement protection policies in contemporary Chinese society.
Empowered or impoverished: the impact of panic buttons on domestic violence
Authors: Tumen Semih , Ulucan Hakan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper estimates the causal effect of a targeted panic button program—implemented in two Turkish provinces between 2012 and 2016—on domestic violence. Difference-in-differences and synthetic control estimates suggest that the program notably increased physical violence against women both at the extensive and intensive margins. The likelihood of physical violence in the treated provinces increased by more than 5 percentage points relative to the control provinces, and the number of physical violence incidents increased by about 10 percent. The increase comes almost entirely from the increase in violence against less-educated women. Employment rates and economic independence indicators improved for women in the treated provinces, which suggests that the program empowered vulnerable women. However, male partners increased physical violence in response to female empowerment. The results are consistent with the male backlash theories and a class of non-cooperative models incorporating violence as a vehicle for enhancing males’ bargaining power, but inconsistent with the models predicting that economic empowerment of women reduces violence by balancing bargaining power within the household. We also develop a method based on retrospective violence information to understand whether the increase is attributable to actual or self-reported violence and conclude that the estimates are entirely driven by the increase in actual violence.
Mixotrophic and heterotrophic growth of microalgae using acetate from different production processes
Authors: Proietti Tocca Giacomo , Agostino Valeria , Menin Barbara , Tommasi Tonia , Fino Debora , Di Caprio Fabrizio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe high metabolic flexibility and biodiversity of microalgae make them promising systems for the production of chemicals and high-value metabolites to be utilized in various industrial applications. Currently, microalgae are primarily cultivated in phototrophic processes or in fermenters using glucose as substrate. However, such configurations are often too costly for the majority of potential applications and require improvements. The use of acetate as substrate to enhance biomass productivity and reduce cost and environmental impacts is a promising solution. In a future bio-based economy, acetate can serve as an excellent intermediate to link many industrial facilities, as it can be synthesized using different technologies from renewable resources as CO2 and waste. This work provides a detailed description of acetate synthesis processes alternative to the conventional methanol carbonylation, including the pros and cons of each: aerobic and anaerobic fermentations; thermochemical treatments; C1 gas fermentation; microbial electrosynthesis and artificial photosynthesis. Additionally, the utilization of acetate as substrate for microalgae growth in mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions is reviewed, covering key metabolic and engineering aspects (strains, yields, growth rate, inhibition, productivity, process configuration). These aspects serve as guidelines for a rationale design of an algal cultivation process based on acetate as a carbon source. Finally, the review critically assesses the state of the art of coupling of acetate-rich streams with algal biomass production, highlighting the pros and cons and addressing the main knowledge gaps to be filled through future research.
Deep learning and predictive modelling for generating normalised muscle function parameters from signal images of mandibular electromyography
Authors: Farook Taseef Hasan , Haq Tashreque Mohammed , Ramees Lameesa , Dudley James 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChallenges arise in accessing archived signal outputs due to proprietary software limitations. There is a notable lack of exploration in open-source mandibular EMG signal conversion for continuous access and analysis, hindering tasks such as pattern recognition and predictive modelling for temporomandibular joint complex function. To Develop a workflow to extract normalised signal parameters from images of mandibular muscle EMG and identify optimal clustering methods for quantifying signal intensity and activity durations. A workflow utilising OpenCV, variational encoders and Neurokit2 generated and augmented 866 unique EMG signals from jaw movement exercises. k-means, GMM and DBSCAN were employed for normalisation and cluster-centric signal processing. The workflow was validated with data collected from 66 participants, measuring temporalis, masseter and digastric muscles. DBSCAN (0.35 to 0.54) and GMM (0.09 to 0.24) exhibited lower silhouette scores for mouth opening, anterior protrusion and lateral excursions, while K-means performed best (0.10 to 0.11) for temporalis and masseter muscles during chewing activities. The current study successfully developed a deep learning workflow capable of extracting normalised signal data from EMG images and generating quantifiable parameters for muscle activity duration and general functional intensity.
Graphical Abstract
Mid-term results (4–8 years) with the stemless Simpliciti shoulder system
Authors: Barth Benjamin , Schmalzl Jonas , List Kilian , Böhm Dorota , Böhm Dirk 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The stemless Simpliciti shoulder prosthesis has been available since 2010. To date, there are no scientific results on this type of prosthesis with a follow-up of more than 24–35 months. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of the Simpliciti shoulder system in a mid-term follow-up of 4–8 years.

Material and methods
Between April 2011 and December 2014, the Simpliciti shoulder system was implanted in 110 shoulders in 93 patients. After a mean follow-up of 72 (49–106) months, 98 shoulders (89.1%) in 93 patients with an average age of 72.7 years were available for clinical and radiological follow-up. There were 10 hemi-shoulder arthroplasties (HSA) and 88 total shoulder arthroplasties (TSA). Clinical examination, ultrasound of the rotator cuff, Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), Quick-DASH (QDASH), Constant score (CS), range of motion, and radiographs were evaluated.

Results
All shoulders showed good clinical results. The mean SSV was 86% (HSA 79%, TSA 87%). The mean QDASH was 12 points (HSA 22, TSA 10). The mean CS improved from 32.2 to 75.4 ± 10.9 points (p < 0.005; HSA 70.4, TSA 76.0). The average age-adjusted CS was 89.7% ± 12.4% (HSA 82.1%, TSA 90.7%). The mean flexion was 141.4°, the mean abduction was 124.5°, and the mean external rotation was 47.2°. A pain reduction from 3.7 to 13.3 points in CS was achieved. Good anatomical reconstruction of the center of rotation and radius of curvature was evaluated in the postoperative radiographs. Bone resorption in unloaded bone of the humeral head was frequent but without any clinical impact.

Conclusion
The stemless Simpliciti shoulder prosthesis demonstrated very good clinical and radiological mid-term results, comparable to stemmed prostheses. Further follow-up is needed to determine the long-term results.
Smoking Is Correlated to Internal Hernia After Gastric Bypass Surgery: a Post hoc Analysis of Data from a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Bossen Marlene F. , Gormsen Johanne , Kristensen Sara D. , Helgstrand Frederik 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Internal herniation is a well-known complication of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (L-RYGB). The aim of this study was to evaluate smoking as an independent risk factor for internal herniation after L-RYGB.

Materials and Methods
This study was performed as an exploratory post hoc analysis of data from a previous published randomized controlled trial (RCT) designed to compare closure and non-closure of mesenteric defects in patients undergoing L-RYGB. The primary outcome of this study was to assess the significance of smoking as a risk factor for internal herniation after L-RYGB. Secondary outcome was early postoperative complications defined as Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ 2.

Results
Four hundred one patients were available for post hoc analysis. The risk of internal herniation was significantly higher among patients who were smoking preoperatively (hazard ratio (HR) 2.4, 95% confidence interval (c.i.) 1.3 to 4.5; p = 0.005). This result persisted after adjusting for other patient characteristics (HR 2.2, 1.2 to 4.2; p = 0.016). 6.0% of the patients had postoperative complications within the first 30 days. 4.9% of these patients were smoking and 6.3% were not smoking, p = 0.657. 11.0% of the patients underwent surgery due to internal herniation by 5 years after the primary procedure.

Conclusion
Smoking is a significant risk factor for internal herniation but did not increase risk for 30 days postoperative complications.

Graphical Abstract