bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baseline Imaging Derived Factors of Response Following [225Ac]Ac‐J591 Therapy in Metastatic Castration‐Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Lesion Level Analysis
Authors: Stangl‐Kremser Judith , Ricaurte‐Fajardo Andres , Huicochea Castellanos Sandra , Martinez‐Fundichely Alexander , Sun Michael , Osborne Joseph R. , Nauseef Jones T. , Tagawa Scott T. , Bander Neil H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeActinium‐225 labeled prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted radionuclide therapy has emerged as a potential treatment option in the management of men with metastatic castrate‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This study investigated molecular imaging‐derived parameters and compared imaging response of lesions categorized by tumor site.MethodsMen with mCRPC treated with [225Ac]Ac‐J591 from 2017 to 2022 at our center on two prospective trials (NCT03276572 and NCT04506567) with pre‐ and post‐treatment [68Ga]Ga‐PSMA‐11 Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging studies available were included. SUVpeak of the 3 most‐ and 3 least‐avid lesions of the tumor sites were manually assessed. The median change of the SUVpeak from pre‐ to post‐treatment per tumor site was evaluated using the paired Wilcox test. An objective response (OR) in the follow‐up image was defined as complete or partial response using PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST) 1.0.ResultsA total of 46 cases met the criteria for image review; most of them (n = 25, 54.3%) had more than one tumor site category. In total, 445 PSMA PET‐positive lesions were assessed: 220 osseous, 163 nodal, 41 visceral, and 21 prostatic lesions. After treatment with [225Ac]Ac‐J591, absolute SUVpeak values per tumor site declined significantly (p < 0.05) except for prostatic lesions (p = 1). The PERCIST‐OR rate for osseous, nodal, visceral, and prostatic lesions was 53%, 28%, 56%, and 38%, respectively.Conclusion[225Ac]Ac‐J591 is an active treatment in men with mCRPC. Tumor distribution patterns may influence treatment response and potentially prognosis. Our findings warrant further validation in a larger cohort but may be considered in treatment planning and trial design.
Transcription factor BbCDR1 regulates the orchestration between conidial formation and maturation in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana
Authors: Zhang Hui , Mao Ajing , Liu Yu , Fu Yu , Cheng Jiahao , Jin Dan , Fan Yanhua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana has been widely used for pest biocontrol with conidia serving as the main active agents. Conidial yield and quality are two important characteristics in fungal conidia development, however, the regulatory mechanisms that orchestrate conidial formation and development are not well understood.RESULTSIn this study, we identified a Zn2Cys6 transcription factor BbCDR1 that inhibits conidial production while promoting conidial maturation. Compared with the wild type, the ΔBbCDR1 mutant exhibited a 1.88‐fold increase in conidial yield but a reduction in conidial quality, including decreased cell wall integrity and trehalose synthesis. The deletion of BbCDR1 also led to reduced conidial germination rates under oxidative, osmotic, conidial wall disruption and UV stresses. Interestingly, ΔBbCDR1 exhibited an increase of fungal virulence with a 12.5% decrease in LT50 compared to the wild type.CONCLUSIONSFurther analysis revealed that BbCDR1 represses the expression of BbbrlA and activates BbwetA, two components of the central developmental pathway (CDP) that regulate conidial initiation and maturation, respectively. These findings suggest that BbCDR1 plays a crucial role in conidial development and a new target gene for the genetic engineering of highly active fungal insecticides. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Investigation of the Potency of KALA and REV Cell‐Penetrating Peptides for In Vitro/In Vivo Delivery of an HPV Multiepitope DNA Construct
Authors: Feyzyab Haleh , Milani Alireza , Agi Elnaz , Hashemi Mehrdad , Bolhassani Azam 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDeveloping human papillomavirus (HPV) therapeutic DNA vaccines requires an effective delivery system, such as cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs). In the current study, the multiepitope DNA constructs harboring the immunogenic and conserved epitopes of the L1, L2, and E7 proteins of HPV16/18 (pcDNA‐L1‐L2‐E7 and pEGFP‐L1‐L2‐E7) were delivered using KALA and REV CPPs with different properties in vitro and in vivo. Herein, after confirmation of the REV/DNA and KALA/DNA complexes, their stability was investigated against DNase I and serum protease. Then, their entry into HEK‐293T eukaryotic cells was analyzed by qualitative and quantitative methods. Finally, anti‐tumor effects of the peptide/DNA complexes were investigated in the C57BL/6 mouse model. Based on the obtained data, the REV/DNA and KALA/DNA complexes at the N/P ratio of 5:1 demonstrated successful penetration into HEK‐293T cells. Furthermore, in vivo studies represented that the REV/DNA (survival rate: 75%) and KALA/DNA (survival rate: 50%) complexes provided significant protection against C3 tumors in mice. Indeed, REV CPP exhibited a higher survival rate and lower tumor volume than KALA CPP, 50 days after the C3 challenge. These findings represented the potential of KALA and REV CPPs, especially REV, as promising gene delivery systems for developing HPV therapeutic DNA vaccine candidates.
Deciphering Potent Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase‐1B Inhibitors Through In silico Molecular Docking, MMGBSA, and Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Malakar Vishnu , Dhanabal SP , Gowramma Bryan , Jangra Aryan , Kant Kamal , El‐Serehy Hamed A. , Keremane Kavya S. , Malakar Chandi C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the most prevalent progressive neurodegenerative disorder, marked by cognitive impairment, memory loss, and cognitive deficits. In the present study, the targeted protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a crucial enzyme involved in various signaling pathways, is associated with AD pathogenesis. Our study employs the virtual screening of the compounds from an extensive database. Based on the docking score, the molecular dynamics simulation has been performed for top three compounds, donepezil and ertiprotafib for the comparative study of the molecules. As a result, the molecules CNP0377119, CNP0390654, CNP0377195, donepezil, and ertiprotafib were identified with the favorable docking scores. Further analyses, including PRIME MMGB‐SA and ADMET properties, focused on standard amino acids like Asp193 and Glu276. In the 100 ns molecular simulation trajectory, the three compounds exhibited stability through effective binding properties with ligands. These interactions included favorable binding conformations and hydrogen bond formations with Asn193, Glu276, Lys197, Glu200, and Tyr46. The π‐π stacking interactions were also observed with amino acids Phe196 and Phe280. The allosteric inhibitor of PTP1B directly attaches to the WPD loop when the cysteine‐phosphate intermediate is in its open conformation hindering the closure of the WPD loop, thereby inhibiting the PTP1B activity.
Multifunctional Copper (I) Oxide Nanoparticles: Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline, Antibacterial, and Anticancer Activities
Authors: Rakshit Soumen , Roy Tamanna , Jana Angshuman , Mondal Krishna Gopal , Jana Paresh Chandra 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe increasing use of metal oxide nanoparticles demands a better understanding of their health impact. Here, we report the synthesis of copper (I) oxide nanoparticles (Cu2O NPs) using cost‐effective chemical methods and assessed their photocatalytic, antibacterial, and anticancer properties. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern verified its cubic structure. The average crystallite size of 11 nm was obtained using the Scherrer method. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of Cu2O NPs. The spherical morphology was confirmed through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) estimated the size of the nanoparticles to be around 15 nm. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of Cu2O NPs showed peaks at 931.75 and 951.82 eV, corresponding to Cu 2p3/2 and Cu 2p1/2, respectively. UV–vis spectroscopy revealed the optical direct bandgap (2.33 eV) of Cu2O NPs. Under light irradiation, the Cu2O NPs catalyst achieved a tetracycline (TC) degradation efficiency of 80% within 75 min. The antibacterial properties of Cu2O NPs against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis using agar disk diffusion have been investigated. The Cu2O NPs also exhibited significant anticancer activity against MCF‐7 cancer cells using the MTT assay, with an IC50 value of 18.88 µg/mL.
Iron Photoredox Catalysis as an Effective Tool for Organic Synthesis via Visible‐Light‐Induced Homolysis (VLIH)
Authors: Srivastava Vishal , Singh Praveen P. , Sinha Surabhi , Tivari Shraddha , Singh Pravin K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOwing to its possible advantages for the environment and the economy, photoredox catalysis of organic processes fueled by iron has garnered a lot of interest recently. The potential for photo‐induced single‐electron transfer (SET) events occurring outside of the sphere is now well acknowledged. Currently, the focus has shifted to a newly discovered photoactivation method that is based on an inner‐sphere mode of reactivity caused by a population of visible‐light‐induced homolysis (VLIH) states. VLIH activation, in contrast to photoredox, is specific to iron complexes, offers distinct reactivity profiles, and does not require redox potentials to coincide. These attractive properties have prompted the development of strategies that use this blueprint to manufacture highly reactive open‐shell species in mild environments. The purpose of this contribution is to promote the development of novel synthetic techniques for sustainable chemical transformations and to offer an educational instrument for the understanding of this evolving idea.
Innovative Method for Reliable Measurement of PEM Water Electrolyzer Component Resistances
Authors: Utsch Nikolai , Berg Florian , Scheepers Fabian , Holtwerth Sebastian , Shviro Meital , Lehnert Werner , Mechler Anna K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderstanding the sheet resistance of porous electrodes is essential for improving the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers and related technologies. Despite its importance, existing methods often fail to provide reliable and comprehensive data, especially for porous materials with complex morphologies and non‐uniform thicknesses. This study introduces a robust and straightforward method for determining the sheet resistance of porous electrodes using a novel probe concept based on industrial printed circuit board (PCB) technology. This probe measures resistance across ten distances, ranging from 250 µm to 2500 µm, enabling local mapping of resistance. The study focuses on the sheet resistance of key components in PEM water electrolyzers, including the gas diffusion layer (GDL), porous transport layer (PTL), and catalyst layers deposited on a membrane. Additionally, an image‐processing‐based method is presented to obtain the thickness distribution of the studied catalyst layers, facilitating a detailed analysis of the electrical in‐plane resistivity with thickness variations. Overall, this methodology has the potential to expedite material integration and bridge the gap between electrode engineering and single‐cell testing, thereby advancing the development of PEM water electrolyzers.
Teacher Actions That Lead to Strategic Behavior in Emergent Readers
Authors: Reed Jolene B. , Miller Melinda M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSome readers thrive more than others because they are more actively involved in their learning. All students can become active participants in their learning through quality teacher prompting. In this article, teachers will learn how to promote emergent learners' active participation as they decode and comprehend, while problem‐solving unknown text. The authors show how to support students by incorporating appropriate prompting determined by student needs.
A Mathematical Programming Approach for Joint Optimization of Wind Farm Layout and Cable Routing Based on a Three‐Dimensional Gaussian Wake Model
Authors: Cao Ziwei , Chen Longwen , Li Ke , Huang Guoqing , Liu Ruili 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWind energy is currently one of the most promising alternative energy sources. The optimization of the wind farm layout and the cable layout are two important elements in the design of wind farms. Since increasing the distance between turbines can reduce wake loss but increase cable cost, these two optimizations are coupled and jointly affect the revenue of wind farms. In this paper, we propose a novel nonlinear mathematical programming model based on the 3D Gaussian wake model and use a mathematical programming approach to optimize the layout of the wind farm and the cable layout together, considering both power generation and cable cost. In this method, some of the constraints were linearized to facilitate the solution process. The optimization results show that profit increased by 9.07% when using annual economic efficiency as the objective function, compared with using energy production as the objective function.
Combining Transversus Abdominis Plane and Rectus Sheath Blocks in Open Inguinal Hernia Surgery Anesthesia: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Lumme Aki , Kalliomäki Maija‐Liisa , Harju Jarkko , Nordström Pia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLichtenstein hernia repair is a common surgical procedure. Previously, combined rectus sheath (RS) and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks have been shown to be beneficial in laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery. Our hypothesis is that combining the two blocks will also be beneficial in open Lichtenstein hernioplasty day‐case procedures.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed data from 186 patients undergoing inguinal hernia surgery chosen using the propensity score matching. Primary endpoint was intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption. Secondary endpoints were conversion of the anesthetic method, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), unscheduled hospitalization or emergency room visits, perioperative duration, analysis of the patient flow, and surgical complications.ResultsNinety‐three patients treated with the blocks (study group) and 93 controls were analyzed. The study group had significantly lower opioid use in the operating room (2.5–7.5 mg vs. 5.0–7.5 mg and p < 0.01) and in the recovery room (0.0–2.0 mg vs. 1.0–10.6 mg and p < 0.0001). There was no difference in postoperative recovery room times nor in the patient flow. Postoperative hospitalization due to pain was 9.1% in the control group, whereas no patients in the study group were hospitalized (p < 0.01).ConclusionsRS and TAP blocks reduce postoperative pain in inguinal hernia surgery, resulting in significantly lower postoperative opioid use and hospitalization rates. The blocks are technically easy and quick to perform and should be considered for pain management in inguinal hernia day‐case surgery.
Analysis of thermal transport and wall stresses for MHD peristaltic motion of Reiner‐Philippoff fluid with viscous dissipation and mixed convection effects
Authors: Alkinidri M. , Iqbal Jamshaid , Abbasi F. M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe present study examines the thermal characteristics and stresses at the boundary for peristaltic motion of Reiner‐Philippoff fluid through a symmetric channel. The Reiner‐Philippoff (R‐P) fluid model is widely recognized for its ability to provide a comprehensive representation of the unique properties exhibited by non‐Newtonian fluids. One notable aspect that initiates this model is the nonlinear relationship between velocity gradient and shear stress. Moreover, this model captures the implicit connection between deformation rate and stress. Additionally, the R‐P fluid model exhibits distinct characteristics, acting as a dilatant fluid for , exhibiting pseudoplastic behavior for , and behaving as a Newtonian fluid when . Governing equations are mathematically modeled under the consideration of mixed convection, viscous dissipation, magnetic field, and Joule heating effects. Long wavelength and small Reynolds number approximations are used to simplify the system. To compute the numerical solution of the simplified nonlinear system, BVP4c technique is employed via MATLAB. The influences of key parameters on Reiner‐Philippoff fluid flow are physically visualized through graphs. A detailed analysis of heat transfer for dilatant, pseudoplastic, and Newtonian fluids is also provided. Additionally, numerical assessments of heat transfer and stresses at the wall are presented via tables. Outcomes reveal that the temperature profile decreases due to R‐P fluid parameter and Bingham number. The findings for the pseudoplastic case indicate that both the enhanced Grashof and Hartmann numbers lead to an increase in the temperature profile. Tabular results indicate that rate of thermal transfer is improved by developing values of Grashof and Brinkman numbers, while stresses at the wall exhibit the opposite behavior. Additionally, the wall stresses decrease with greater values of R‐P fluid parameter and the Bingham number. Furthermore, dilatant fluid is more effective for improving thermal transfer and reducing stresses at the wall compared to Newtonian and pseudoplastic fluids.
Mathematical modeling and numerical simulations of convective heat transport in a stagnant flow of water‐based copper, aluminum oxide and MWCNTs nanofluid upon a stretching spinning disk
Authors: Usman  , Kumar R. S. Varun , Khan W. A. , AL‐lobani Esraa M. , Massoud Ehab El Sayed 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study investigates the flow and heat transfer (HT) characteristics of a ternary hybrid nanofluid (THNF) composed of Cu, Al2O3, and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) over a rotating stretching disk under the influence of a magnetic field. As a result, THNFs hold promise for diverse applications, including HT enhancement, thermal management in electronics, lubrication, and biomedical uses. Thus, this study develops and simulates a mathematical analysis to investigate the flow of a ternary hybrid power‐law nanofluid over a rotatory stretching disk. The impact of the magnetic field and convective boundary conditions is also considered. The leading equations, including the energy, conservation of mass, and momentum, are altered into nonlinear ODEs and are numerically tackled using MAPLE 2022 to investigate the impression of relevant parameters upon dimensionless velocity, the concentration of nanoparticles, temperature, skin friction, mass, and HT rates. Furthermore, a trend is observed where the nondimensional tangential and radial velocities and the surface temperature decrease as the fluid transitions from pseudoplastic to dilatant behavior. This study confirms that THNFs outperform single and binary nanofluids (NFs) in HT, with key quantitative outcomes like the Nusselt number showing an increase of up to 15%. This enhanced performance stems from the synergistic effects of combining Cu, Al2O3, and MWCNT nanoparticles in the fluid. The Nusselt number is enhanced by 10%–15% when using THNFs compared to mono and hybrid NFs, and skin friction is reduced by 8%–12% under a moderate magnetic field.
Numerical exploration of heat source/sink and mixed convection effects on thermally stratified Cu−Al2O3/H2O${\rm Cu} - {\rm Al}_2{\rm O}_3 / {\rm H}_2{\rm O}$ hybrid nanofluid flow over a vertical stretching cylinder subjected to a radial magnetic field
Authors: Sukariya Vijay Kumar , Jakhar Atul , sharma Poonam , Kumar Anand , Anurag  
Published: January 2025

AbstractHybrid nanofluids have extensive applications across various industries, including improved heat transfer in spacecraft, biomedical devices, and nuclear reactors, as well as heat management in generators, transformers, heat pumps, and refrigerators. Building upon these given applications, this study examined the magnetohydrodynamic flow of hybrid nanofluids in a vertical stretching cylinder, focusing on the effects of heat sources/sinks and mixed convection, with the influence of a transverse radial magnetic field. This study explores the characteristics of a hybrid nanoparticle (NP) system, comprising copper () and aluminum oxide () nanoparticles, dispersed in a water‐based solvent. The mathematical model is simplified by applying similarity variables to the system of non‐ordinary differential equations (PDEs), resulting in a set of first‐order differential equations. Subsequently, the boundary constraints are numerically approximated and solved using the bvp4c solver in MATLAB. This study investigates the impact of significant parameters, including the mixed convection parameter, curvature parameter, Prandtl number, nanoparticle (NP) volume fraction, and heat source/sink on the resulting temperature and velocity distributions. Furthermore, the analysis includes a comprehensive presentation of local skin friction and local Nusselt number, with detailed results provided in the tables. Key findings of the study reveal that both the magnetic parameter and the volume fraction lead to reduced velocity profiles and elevated temperature profiles. Similarly, the temperature profile shows analogous trends with respect to curvature parameters and heat source, while opposite effects are observed for the mixed convection parameter and the Prandtl number. Comparisons with existing literature confirm that these results are consistent with the previously published work.
Sicherheit intravenöser Medikationen bei Kindernotfällen
Authors: Kaufmann Jost 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Medikamentenfehler stellen eine bedeutsame Gefahr für Patienten aller Altersgruppen dar. Weil aber bei Kindern altersspezifische Dosierungsempfehlungen und Kontraindikationen zu berücksichtigen sind und eine individuelle Dosisberechnung erforderlich ist, werden unabhängig vom Versorgungsbereich durchgehend höhere Fehlerraten als bei Erwachsenen beobachtet. Ein bedeutsamer Unterschied zur Versorgung von Erwachsenen ist, dass auch bei viel Erfahrung keine Vertrautheit mit einer typischen Dosis entstehen kann, denn in der Kindermedizin wiegen die Patienten zwischen weniger als 1 kg und mehr als 100 kg. Insbesondere in Notfallsituationen mit Kindern besteht zudem bei den meisten Versorgenden eine große psychische Belastung, und es müssen in kurzer Zeit mehrere potenziell gefährliche Medikamente verabreicht werden. Allein schon ein falsch gesetztes Komma bei der Berechnung einer Adrenalindosis kann zu einem lebensbedrohlichen Fehler führen. Diese Übersichtsarbeit analysiert den Prozess der Medikamentengabe, identifiziert typische Stolperstellen, zeigt erfolgreiche Interventionen auf und präsentiert im Wesentlichen die Empfehlungen der AWMF-S2k-Leitlinie zur „Medikamentensicherheit bei Kindernotfällen“.