bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Organ Chips Reveal New Inflammatory Bowel Disease Drivers
Authors: Ingber Donald , Ozkan Alican , Merry Gwenn , Posey Ryan , Calderon Karina , Stejskalova Anna , Sperry Megan , Horvath Viktor , Goyal Girija , Carlotti Emanuela , McDonald Stuart , Chou David , Winton Douglas , Riccardi Rocco , Bordeianou Liliana , Hall Sean , Ferri Lorenzo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients exhibit compromised intestinal barrier function and decreased mucus accumulation, as well as increased inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer risk, with symptoms often being exacerbated in women during pregnancy. Here, we show that these IBD hallmarks can be replicated using human Organ Chips lined by IBD patient-derived colon epithelial cells interfaced with matched fibroblasts cultured under flow. Use of heterotypic tissue recombinants revealed that IBD fibroblasts are the primary drivers of multiple IBD symptoms. Inflammation and fibrosis are accentuated by peristalsis-like motions in IBD Chips and when exposed to pregnancy-associated hormones in female IBD Chips. Carcinogen exposure also increases inflammation, gene mutations, and chromosome duplication in IBD Chips, but not in Healthy Chips. These data enabled by human Organ Chip technology suggest that the intestinal stroma, sex hormones, and peristalsis-associated mechanical deformations play a key role in driving inflammation, fibrosis, and disease progression in male and female IBD patients.
Weather and Climate Extremes Drive Grain Yield Reductions and Economic Losses in China
Authors: Li Fang , Yin Dezhen , Jaegermeyr Jonas , Müller Christoph , Xia Lili , Zabel Florian , Liu Wenfeng , Folberth Christian , Mialyk Oleksandr , Lin Tzu-Shun , Li Mengxue 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

As the world's largest grain producer, China faces substantial challenges from weather and climate extremes, threatening domestic and global food security. Earlier studies focused narrowly on a single crop type, extreme event type, or small region. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of heatwaves, drought, extreme cold, and extreme rainfall on wheat, maize, and rice yields in China from 1970 to 2019. We find these extremes reduce grain yields by 3.3, 7.3, 1.9, and 3.0%, respectively, amounting to 33.5, 66.6, 18.0, and 29.3% of the interannual yield variability. Chinese agriculture faces distinct vulnerabilities, with more diverse extremes significantly affecting more crop types compared to global, European, and American assessments. These yield reductions cause annual losses of 9.1 million tons in production and USD 3.1 billion, both increasing over time. Rainfed croplands suffer twice the yield losses of irrigated croplands, suggesting irrigation as an effective adaptation strategy. Current crop models largely underestimate these losses, indicating future climate impacts may be more severe than previously assessed.
An Abrupt Change in the Disk Fraction of Free-Floating Planets at the Deuterium-Burning Ignition Limit
Authors: Rodrigues Tommy , Bouy Hervé , Raymond Sean , Martín Eduardo , Bertin Emmanuel , Romero Javier Olivares , Barrado David , Huélamo Nuria , Tamura Motohide , Roig Núria Miret , Galli Phillip , Cuillandre Jean-Charles 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Free-floating planets (FFPs) - planetary-mass objects that roam the galaxy unbound to any star - have been identified through both indirect microlensing detections in the field \citep{Mroz2017, Sumi2023} and direct observations within young, nearby star-forming regions \citep{Tamura1998, Zapatero2000, Lucas2000, PenaRamirez2012, Lodieu2018, Suarez2019, Luhman&Hapich2020, MiretRoig2022a, Pearson2023, Langeveld2024, Martin2024, Luhman2024, DeFurio2024}. Simulations propose that FFPs can arise either by ejection from planetary systems \citep{Chatterjee2008, Boley2012, Juric&Tremaine2008, Veras&Raymond2012} or through gravitational collapse of isolated gas clumps, similar to stars \citep{Bate2002, Padoan&Nordlund2004, Hennebelle&Chabrier2008}. Despite the theoretical framework, the relative contribution of these formation mechanisms remains unclear. One promising approach to distinguish formation scenarios involves examining the presence and characteristics of circumstellar disks around FFPs. However, limited sample sizes have hindered previous studies \citep{Allers2006, Zapatero2007, PenaRamirez2012, Esplin&Luhman2019, Scholz2023}. Here we present an exhaustive survey of disks around a large sample of FFPs and low-mass brown dwarfs (BDs) within the 5-10 Myr old Upper Scorpius association \citep{MiretRoig2022a}. By employing a refined analysis of data obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope \citep{Werner2004} and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer \citep[{\it WISE},]{Wright2010}, we extend previous disk fraction studies down to objects as low as 7 Jupiter masses (MJup). Our findings reveal a steep increase in disk fraction, from about 20-30% for objects with M>20 MJup to 60-80% at M<20 MJup over a very narrow mass range. Such an abrupt change in the disk fraction points toward a major fundamental change in the physics of either FFP and BD formation mechanisms and/or FFP and BD disk evolution. Strikingly, it occurs near the deuterium fusion ignition threshold at the age of Upper Scorpius \citep[≈20 MJup,]{Chabrier&Baraffe2000}. We speculate that the abrupt change in the disk fraction provides the first observational evidence of deuterium burning’s role in the formation and early evolution of BDs and FFPs, defining a new physical boundary. The extended disk lifetimes around FFPs and low-mass BD likely have significant implications for the formation of companions and moons, presenting exciting opportunities to investigate the formation and evolution of hierarchical isolated planetary systems.
Diffusion analysis of inflationary shocks in the Mexican economy. A study using dynamic network analysis
Authors: Alatriste-Contreras Martha G. , Alvarez Emiliano 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This paper analyzes the impacts of shocks on the price system of the economy. We investigate how variations in retail prices, in the exchange rate, and policy interventions affect the diffusion of inflationary pressures in Mexico, based on open data from the Consumer Price Index. We propose to analyze the processes of price formation and diffusion through network techniques. Empirical results allow us to identify the most relevant nodes in the price network of the Mexican economy. Results also show a dynamic network structure that evolves according to a core-peripheric structure, with important implications for the policies that are usually applied against inflation. The network analysis based on price correlations using the T-MDS methodology and a sensitivity analysis revealed that results are robust to adjustments in the threshold value. Finally, the examined dynamic network measures are related to the rate of inflation and rapid fluctuations in the official exchange rate. We found that staple foods are highly relevant to the network’s structure based on several centrality measurements.
Structural basis of collagen glucosyltransferase function and its serendipitous role in kojibiose synthesis
Authors: Guo Hou-Fu , Kim Jeong Seon , Chen Zhenhang , Garcia Sara Espinosa , Buhlheller Christoph , Richards Stephen , Chen Tingfei , Wu Jingjing , Bruntz Ronald , Gilliam Marisa , Yamauchi Mitsuo , Liang Bo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Collagen glucosyltransferases catalyze a unique type of collagen glucosylation that is critical for biological processes and disease mechanisms. However, the structural regulation of collagen glucosyltransferases remains poorly understood. Here, we report the crystal structures of a mimiviral collagen glucosyltransferase in its apo form and in complexes with uridine diphosphate (UDP) and the disaccharide product. Our findings reveal that the enzyme functions as a homodimer, stabilized by a loop from one subunit locking into a cleft on the opposite subunit. This dimerization enables UDP-glucose binding cooperativity and enzymatic activity, a property conserved in the human homolog. Further structural analyses suggest an induced fit model for UDP interaction, mediated by Lysine 222. The dimerization also forms an extended cleft flanked by two active sites, which likely facilitates collagen recognition. Unexpectedly, we discovered that the mimiviral collagen glucosyltransferase can also synthesize the prebiotic disaccharide kojibiose. An elongated pocket adjacent to the UDP-binding site allows the enzyme to use UDP-glucose as the sugar donor and glucose as the acceptor for kojibiose production. Enzymatic activity assays confirmed the enzyme's novel kojibiose synthesis activity in vitro and in vivo. These structural insights not only inform glucosyltransferase function but also open new avenues for biomedicine.
Assessing the Impact of Environmental Pollution on the Incidence of Blood Transfusion- Related Infections in Urban Populations
Authors: Ogolla Collince Odiwuor , Guya Benard , Maima Apollo O. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure but carries risks of transmitting bloodborne infections, such as Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV), and HIV. Environmental pollution, especially in urban areas, has been associated with various health risks, but its impact on transfusion-related infections is not well understood.
Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of environmental pollution on the incidence of blood transfusion-related infections among blood donors in an urban population.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 108 blood donors from a high-pollution urban environment. Exposure to air pollution (PM2.5) was measured, and genetic factors such as the CCR5-Δ32 mutation were analyzed. Blood samples were screened for HBV, HCV, and HIV. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression.
Results: Higher levels of air pollution were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of transfusion-related infections (p<0.05). Additionally, individuals with the CCR5-Δ32 mutation showed a lower incidence of HIV infections (OR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.14–0.81).
Conclusion: Environmental pollution contributes to the increased incidence of transfusion-related infections in urban populations. Genetic factors like the CCR5-Δ32 mutation may provide protection against HIV. These findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions addressing both environmental pollution and genetic screening to ensure blood transfusion safety.
A Comparative Study of Ensemble Classification Algorithms for Crop Yield Forecasting
Authors: MATSIKIRA NORMIAS , MAZAMBANI GIDEON , MUDUVA MARTIN 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study explores the application of ensemble learning techniques to improve predictive model accuracy. It focuses on combining classifiers to outperform individual models using structured and unstructured data from agricultural datasets. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and ensemble methods were used to increase deep neural network efficiency. Experiments with different network structures, training iterations, and topologies were conducted, evaluating measures like sensitivity and specificity. The research also includes predicting crop yields using ensemble classification algorithms, comparing accuracy with conventional methods. The study highlights the importance of crop yield prediction for agricultural management and discusses the benefits of ensemble methods. Results show that Random Forest, XGBoost, AdaBoost, and ANNs perform well in predicting crop yields as compared to the other algorithms. This research contributes to understanding the impact of weather patterns and genotype on crop yields.
Lactate-associated gene MCU promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Yuhang , Zhang Fenglin , Dai Suoyi , Zhao Jiangang , Cai Wenxun , Zhang Ke , Liao Xinghe , Chen Lianyu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the predictive value and therapeutic significance of lactate-related genes (LRGs) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). By analyzing PDAC data from the TCGA and GEO databases and employing WGCNA and consensus clustering, we identified two lactate subtypes with distinct gene expression profiles and clinical outcomes, and extracted differentially expressed genes. Functional enrichment and GSEA analyses were conducted to explore related pathways, and a lactate-associated risk signature based on four LRGs was constructed, which demonstrated significant accuracy in predicting survival. In vitro experimental results showed that MCU gene knockdown reduced the proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness of PDAC cells, confirming its role in the malignancy of PDAC. This study underscores the importance of LRGs in PDAC, providing new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the prognostic assessment and treatment of PDAC.
Background
The metabolism of lactate and lactylation of proteins are believed to influence tumor development through their effects on the tumor microenvironment and immune escape mechanisms. Nevertheless, its significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has yet to be fully understood. This investigation sought to assess the predictive value and treatment implications of lactate-related genes (LRGs) in PDAC.
Methods
We analyzed PDAC data from TCGA and GEO, identifying LRGs. Using WGCNA and consensus clustering, we delineated lactate subtypes and extracted differentially expressed genes. Functional enrichment and GSEA analyses were conducted to explore pathways. A lactate-linked risk signature was constructed using Lasso-Cox regression, and its prognostic value was validated. In vitro experiments were executed to examine the function of MCU in PDAC cells.
Results
Two lactate subtypes were identified, with distinct gene expression profiles and clinical outcomes. The risk signature, comprising four LRGs, predicted survival with significant accuracy. In vitro, MCU knockdown reduced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness, confirming its role in PDAC malignancy.
Conclusion
Our investigation underscores the importance of LRGs in PDAC, providing a novel prognostic signature and therapeutic target.
Towards global carbon transparency: Spaceborne imaging spectroscopy enables precise CO2 emission quantification at facility scale
Authors: Han Ge , Wang Huayi , Pei Zhipeng , Mao Huiqin , Ying Jiaying , Li Siwei , Ma Xin , Liu Boming , Mao Feiyue , Gong Wei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The Paris Agreement requires countries to develop Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, with regular verification efforts. Establishing a transparent and accurate CO2 Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) system is a cornerstone for supporting the Paris Agreement. Facility-scale CO2 emissions account for more than half of anthropogenic carbon emissions, making them a key focus of MRV systems. Current verification methods rely heavily on accounting approaches, which face challenges in transparency, accuracy and cost. In recent years, satellite remote sensing has emerged as a promising approach for top-down emission monitoring. However, significant gaps remain in the availability and accuracy of remote sensing measurements for facility-scale CO2 emissions. This study proposes a novel hyperspectral satellite-based method for directly monitoring facility-scale CO2 emissions. Leveraging abundant data and high-resolution features, this method achieves unbiased measurements with a correlation (R) exceeding 0.82 compared to Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS). Existing satellites, such as the GF and ZY series, can detect point sources with CO2 emission intensities above 350 t/h. According to emission inventories, over 1,000 global point sources exceed this threshold, collectively emitting more than 50 MT CO2 annually—greater than the total annual emissions of the United States. Benefiting from extensive hyperspectral satellite data (e.g., EMIT, PRISMA, EnMAP), this work offers a novel pathway for achieving transparent, accurate, and affordable facility-scale CO2 emission monitoring and verification on a global scale.
Do Horizontal and Vertical Mismatches Affect Workers' Incomes in Cameroon? Results From the Instrumental Variable Models Using the Function-control Approach
Authors: Doubla Joseph Dabo , Hamen Valère Amassangka Haman , Tchaltouang Constant 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Human capital theory postulates that education improves an individual's productivity and earning potential. However, when there is a mismatch between an individual's education and employment, the return on investment in human capital decreases, resulting in reduced earnings. This paper uses employment data from Cameroon's National Institute of Statistics to examine the wage effects of horizontal and vertical mismatches. To this end, we estimate the augmented Mincer model using the double ordinary least squares method via the control function approach to deal with endogeneity bias and the quantile regression method. The results indicate that the mismatch between education and employment, whether horizontal or vertical, is linked to a wage penalty. In particular, the wage penalty associated with horizontal mismatch is greater than that associated with vertical mismatch. Furthermore, the results reveal that private sector workers suffer greater penalties due to horizontal mismatch, while those in the public sector are more affected by vertical mismatch. Additionally, the results reveal a significant trend towards a greater wage penalty for men than for women.
JEL Classification: I21 ; J24 ; J31 ; J41
The Relationship Between Postpartum Social Support, Postpartum Depression, and Quality of Lifeduring the Puerperium A Study of Primiparas
Authors: Li Heyu , Lu Yang , Tian Yang , Wang Danna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective This study aims to investigate the interrelationship between postpartum social support, postpartum depression, and quality of life during the puerperium, with a specific focus on primiparas.Methods A cross-sectional survey employing a descriptive correlational design was conducted for this study. A total of 328 primiparas participated in the survey, which utilized a self-developed demographic questionnaire tailored to primiparas, the Postpartum Social Support Scale, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Brief Version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF).Results The total quality of life score for primiparas on the 7th day postpartum was 56.87 ± 7.27, whereas the score at 6 weeks postpartum was 53.19 ± 7.95. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed in the scores across various domains and in the total scores between these two time points. The total score for postpartum depression exhibited a negative correlation with postpartum social support and quality of life across all domains (P < 0.05). In contrast, the scores for postpartum social support across various dimensions demonstrated a positive correlation with quality of life scores in all domains during the puerperium (P < 0.05).Conclusion Postpartum social support and postpartum depression are critical determinants of postpartum quality of life. Enhancing social support systems in postpartum care can mitigate the risk of postpartum depression and promote quality of life during the puerperium.
Bitcoin prediction with a hybrid model
Authors: Ashou, et. al. Marwan Abdul Hameed 
Published: January 2025

In recent years, Bitcoin has become the most widely used blockchain platform in business and finance. The goal of this work is to find a viable prediction model that incorporates and perhaps improves on a combina-tion of available models. Among the techniques utilized in this paper are exponential smoothing, ARIMA, artificial neural networks (ANNs) models, and prediction combination models. The study's most obvious discovery is that artificial intelligence models improve the results of compound prediction models. The sec-ond key discovery was that a strong combination forecasting model that responds to the multiple fluctua-tions that occur in the bitcoin time series and Error improvement should be used. Based on the results, the prediction accuracy criterion and matching curve-fitting in this work demonstrated that if the residuals of the revised model are white noise, the forecasts are unbiased. Future work investigating robust hybrid model forecasting using fuzzy neural networks would be very interesting.
Evaluation of shear behavior of prepared recycled concrete aggregate concrete deep beam
Authors: Wanas, et. al. Abeer Hassan 
Published: January 2025

In this article, the shear behavior of a deep beam made of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) was analyzed. Rapid urbanization has presented a massive new activity that is necessary to meet the needs of the influx of people. Developments of all types, from housing to infrastructure, ne-cessitate considerable input from both natural and monetary resources. The purpose of this study is to compare the strength and loading capacity of RAC to that of Naturally Aggregate Concrete (NAC). The samples were evaluated at a controlled deformation rate of 2mm/minute in the "Ma-terial Testing Laboratory of the Department of Civil Engineering," where this investigation was conducted. The researcher has chosen two different sizes of coarse totals to use throughout this study: those measuring 5mm to 15mm (60.2%) and those measuring 15mm to 25mm (40.3%). In support of her claims, the researcher presents a variety of charts and datasets in the following research. There is an overall drop in strength in the recycled aggregate concrete samples. The load-deflection curves and the techniques are depicted by which the specimens failed. Shear re-quired beams' experimental data and predicted values. This study reveals that compared to natu-ral aggregate concrete, recycled aggregate concrete has weaker compressive, flexural, and break-ing tensile strengths. The maximum load-bearing strength of longitudinally supported beams built of "recycled and natural aggregate concrete" is also not significantly different.