bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Portal Vein Pulsatility Pattern in Cirrhotic Patients with Portal Hypertension: A Tool to Assess Severity of Liver Disease in a Low Setting Tertiary Hospital; A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Saha Tithi , Saha Akash , Kar Shourav Kanti , Shapla Sanchita Paul , Ferdousi Azrun , Rahman Motiur 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Liver Cirrhosis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Simple parameters such as portal vein pulsatility index(PI) and complete spectral widening(CSW) have been observed in some studies to reflect early alterations in portal hemodynamics associated with the severity of liver disease.
Methodology:
It was a cross-sectional study, and a purposive non-probability sampling technique was used for selecting cases.
Results:
Among 33 patients with liver disease, 5 (15.2%) of them were in Child-Pugh class A, 10 (30.3%) in class B and 18 (54.5%) in class C. In the healthy group, 97.0% (32 of 33) had PI between 0.2–0.5 and 3.0% (1 of 33) had pronounced pulsatility > 0.5 whereas, in the cirrhotic patients, 63.6% (21 of 33) had PI between < 0.2 and 36.4% (12 of 33) had a pulsatility index between 0.2–0.5. The mean PI in Child-Pugh class A was 0.28 ± 0.11, in Child-Pugh class B 0.20 ± 0.03, and in Child-Pugh class C, it was 0.14 ± 0.05, indicating that the PI becomes lower with increasing severity of cirrhosis. Complete spectral widening (CSW) was present in 60.6% of patients with cirrhosis (20 of 33) and none of the healthy subjects in the control group (0 of 33).
Conclusion:
A decrease in the pulsatility index and the presence of complete spectral widening are valuable predictors of cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension, with alterations become significantly more pronounced as disease severity increases. However, this study could emphasize the role of duplex Doppler in recognizing disease in its early stages and determining disease severity in low setting tertiary hospital.
Is commuting a daily behavior? Rhythmic evidence as of France, 2019
Authors: Liang Kang , Leurent Fabien , Boënnec Rémy Le 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Home to Work (H2W) commuting travel, together with urbanization and transport networks, have experienced much development since the end of the 19th century in both workers’ lives and transport networks’ traffic. The attraction of metropolises and the ease of transport have even triggered long distance commuting, sometimes in conjunction with overnighting practices that stretch the commuting tours (or cycles) beyond the day level. Based on the French nationwide household travel survey of 2019, this article gives a comprehensive description of commuting practices across origin-destination distance and along time as lived by individual workers at the month level. Commuting rhythms are characterized in terms of commuting cycle length in days and monthly frequency. Four typical patterns are exhibited, namely bi-daily, full daily, mono-daily and overnighting. Their respective shares are measured in the statistical populations (i) of workers, (ii) of days of life or just at work, (iii) of distances travelled on modal networks. Discrete-choice models of H2W rhythm choice are designed and estimated: the results show the influence of travel impedance in time and distance at the level of one-way trips for short range H2W and at the level of monthly budgets for long range H2W. Lastly, the shares of commuting trips in modal traffic on road and rail networks are measured, evidencing a significant contribution of long distance commuting to the GHG emissions of transport.
Long non-coding RNA Malat1 is essential for fine-tuning bone homeostasis through orchestrating cellular crosstalk and the β-catenin-OPG/Jagged1 pathway
Authors: Zhao Baohong , Qin Yongli , Shirakawa Jumpei , Xu Cheng , Chen Ruge , Ng Courtney , Nakano Shinichi , Elguindy Mahmoud , Deng Zhonghao , Prasanth Kannanganattu , Eissmann Moritz , Nakagawa Shinichi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The annotation of lncRNAs is transitioning from original sequence recognition and functional screening in vitro to comprehensive functional and mechanistic studies in vivo, anchored in genetic evidence. This shift is crucial for definitively understanding the roles of lncRNAs, particularly in vivo contexts such as development, metabolism, homeostasis, and tissue remodeling. Contrary to the initial belief that Malat1 (metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) is dispensable for mouse physiology due to the lack of observable phenotypes in Malat1 knockout (KO) mice, our study challenges and overturns this previous conclusion. We examined both Malat1 KO and conditional KO mice in the osteoblast lineage, and found that these mice exhibit significant osteoporosis. Our data further demonstrate that Malat1 emerges as a novel regulator impacting multiple cell types, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and chondrocytes, in bone homeostasis and remodeling. Mechanistically, Malat1 plays a dual role, promoting osteoblastic bone formation while suppressing osteoclastic bone resorption. Our findings substantiate the existence of a novel remodeling network in which Malat1 serves as a central regulator by binding to β-catenin. It orchestrates the β-catenin pathway, autonomously enhancing osteogenesis in osteoblasts while non-autonomously suppressing osteoclastogenesis through the β-catenin-OPG/Jagged1 axis in osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Bone homeostasis is crucial to well-being but often overlooked. These discoveries establish the first paradigm model of Malat1 function in the skeletal system, providing novel mechanistic insights into how a lncRNA integrates cellular crosstalk and molecular networks to fine tune tissue homeostasis and remodeling.
LLaMALoop: Enhancing Information Retrieval in LLaMA with Semantic Relevance Feedback Loop
Authors: Tsai Hsiao-Ching , Kuo Chih-Wei , Huang Yueh-Fen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper introduces LLaMALoop, an innovative enhancement to the Large Language Model (LLaMA), through the integration of a Semantic Relevance Feedback Loop (SRFL). This enhancement addresses the challenge of dynamic and context-sensitive information retrieval, a limitation in standard language models reliant on static training datasets. The SRFL enables LLaMALoop to adapt in real-time to evolving user queries, refining its comprehension and response accuracy through continuous learning from user feedback. The study's experimental setup involves rigorous testing across several semantic tasks, demonstrating significant improvements in the model's ability to process and interpret complex linguistic structures and user intents. Notable advancements in Semantic Role Labeling, Word Sense Disambiguation, Textual Entailment, Frame Semantic Parsing, and Commonsense Reasoning are presented. While the SRFL enhances semantic processing capabilities, it also introduces computational trade-offs, particularly in processing time. Qualitative analysis further highlights the model's improved user interaction and adaptability. LLaMALoop sets a new benchmark in the adaptability and responsiveness of language models, paving the way for more user-centric, context-aware AI systems. The findings significantly contribute to the field of AI and LLM research, particularly in areas focusing on dynamic learning and user-centric model adaptation.
Metamorphosis of Metal Markets: Exploring Economic Adaptations in Renewable Energy Era
Authors: Reynolds Samantha , Reynolds Benjamin , Mitchell Ethan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This research looks at how the metal industry's finances have changed because of the move toward green energy sources. By talking to important people in the metal business in semi-structured interviews, the study tried to find out what changes, problems, and opportunities metal companies were facing during this time of transition. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used as a research method in this study. These interviews allowed for a full exploration of the experiences, perspectives, and strategic actions within the metal business. The interviews were then analyzed by theme, which gave us useful information about how businesses are changing their methods to meet the needs of green energy technology. The study's results show that the industry is paying more attention to important metals like lithium and rare earth elements that are needed for renewable energy uses. To keep up with the rising demand, this adaptability means big investments in changing the layout of production lines and looking into new ways to extract the material. It became clear that building a strong supply chain would be difficult in important ways. There are risks in the field because of changes in the market and tense political situations. For this reason, we need to look into different ways to get supplies and different types of stocks to make the supply chain stronger and more resistant to problems. The problems with the study come from the fact that it used a qualitative approach, which makes it hard to do more general numeric analyses. In addition, the study only shows how things changed during a certain time period. Basically, the research gives everyone in the field important information that helps them make strategic decisions, improve the supply chain, and enter new markets. When it comes to social impact, the industry's move toward green energy could lead to better sustainability and fewer negative effects on the environment. This study gives new information about how the metal industry's economy has changed because of the switch to green energy sources. This article gives a complete picture of how the industry is reacting and what might happen as a result. Still, the qualitative way might make it harder to draw broad conclusions, and the business needs to be watched over time to see long-term patterns.
Chemical composition of fiber and shive in bast-fiber crops and the products of their alkaline delignification
Authors: Korchagina A. A. , Gladysheva E. K. , Budaeva V. V. , Skiba E. A. 
Published: December 2023

The present article examines the chemical composition of fiber and shive from fiber flax and hemp obtained in Russia under industrial conditions, as well as that of the products of their alkaline delignification. Alkaline delignification was carried out at atmospheric pressure with a 4% sodium hydroxide solution; the chemical composition was determined via wet analysis. The chemical composition of hemp shive from Russian producers was studied for the first time. In the studied objects, the mass fraction of cellulose was found to range from 42.3 to 66.1%, and after alkaline delignification, the yield of products reached 47.0–50.0%. The behavior of fiber flax and hemp fiber is similar during alkaline delignification: cellulose content increases by 1.2–1.3 times, pentosan content decreases by 4.3–6.3 times, and lignin content is virtually the same. The behavior of fiber flax and hemp shive is dramatically different during alkaline delignification. The shive of fiber flax is resistant to alkaline delignification: cellulose content increases by 1.4 times, pentosan content decreases by 4.2 times, and lignin content increases by 1.4 times, which is due to the nature of lignin. Hemp shive is easily alkaline delignified: cellulose content increases by 1.8 times; the content of pentosans decreases by 5.8 times, and lignin content decreases by 2.2 times; the product of alkaline delignification contains cellulose (87.3%), pentosans (5.4%), and lignin (8.2%). The use of hemp shive for chemical and biotechnological transformation is expected to have high prospects.
OXIMETRIA DE PULSO NEONATAL: CAPACITAÇÃO DE PROFISSIONAIS E ESTUDANTES DA SAÚDE NO FORMATO REMOTO E PRESENCIAL
Authors: Silva Cybelle Dutra da , Costa Vinícius Xavier de Araújo , Martinho Paula Laís Padilha , Lopes Elisa Torquato Cardoso , Paiva Richard Anderson de Souza , Vieira Gustavo Calado , Leite Gisele Correia Pacheco 
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A oximetria de pulso neonatal compõe o Programa Nacional de Triagem Neonatal do Brasil desde 2014. Entretanto, existem poucos registros de sua efetiva implementação na rotina de cuidados materno-infantis no país. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a experiência em ações de educação em saúde a profissionais e estudantes da área da saúde e à população em geral, em temas relacionados ao Teste do Coraçãozinho. Metodologia: O estudo foi executado entre julho de 2019 a julho de 2021, antes e durante a pandemia de Covid-19, por discentes vinculados ao projeto de extensão de serviço universitário de referência do Rio Grande do Norte. Resultados: As capacitações ministradas a profissionais e estudantes da área da saúde totalizaram 1212 participantes. Os eventos direcionados ao meio externo, como transmissões ao vivo e conteúdos audiovisuais em redes sociais, atingiram 12.931 pessoas. O fomento à produção científica envolveu a elaboração de 95 trabalhos aprovados em congressos regionais, nacionais e internacionais, bem como a organização de um congresso internacional nas áreas de Pediatria e Cardiologia, contabilizando 29.007 inscritos. Conclusões: Evidenciou-se a importância de intervenções para melhoria da linha de cuidado à criança cardiopata.
Palavras-Chave: Oximetria de Pulso. Triagem Neonatal. Educação em Saúde. Pandemia da COVID-19.
Screening of Soybean Advanced Breeding Lines for Resistance Against the Southern Green Stink Bug Nezara viridula L (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) under Free-Choice and No-Choice Tests
Authors: Nuryati Nuryati , Soehendi Rudy , Hermanto Catur , Krisdiana Ruly , Pardal Saptowo Jumali , Jumakir Jumakir , Adie Mochammad Muchlish , Krisnawati Ayda , Baliadi Yuliantoro , Abubakar Basri 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The southern green stink bug (SGSB), Nezara viridula, is a potentially harmful pod sucker insect found in soybean.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance level of several soybean advanced breeding lines against the southern green stink bug N. viridula under the free-choice and no-choice tests.

Methods:
The research materials were 14 advanced breeding lines and four check cultivars. The experiment was conducted in Malang, East Java, Indonesia, during the dry season I and II 2022. The resistance evaluation of the soybean genotypes against the N. viridula was under the Free-Choice test (FC) and the No-Choice test (NC). The newly emerged adults N. viridula were infested when plants reached the R5 stage. The data were observed for damage intensity, yield and yield components.

Results:
The intensity of pod damage in the FC ranged from 20.09 to 46.40%, meanwhile, in the NC was 25.63 to 67.63%. This shows that the NC condition provides more selection pressure than the FC. Each genotype exhibited different resistance reactions in the FC and NC. The pod damage intensity had a significant negative correlation with seed yield both in the FC and NC.

Conclusion:
The No-Choice test (NC) provided a higher selection pressure for resistance to SGSB than the Free-Choice test (NC). The use of SGSB-resistant cultivars will prevent soybean seed yield losses. A new finding in this study, two soybean genotypes Anj/Rjbs-305 and Anj/Rjbs-306 were resistant to SGSB. Both genotypes exhibit good agronomic performance (high yield and large seed size), thus can be proposed as new soybean varieties to be developed in the country.
Advantages of Friction Welding of Fittings with Small Diameter Conical Contact Form
Authors: Poletaev Yu. V. , Shchepkin V. V. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. As numerous production tests show, the use of manual arc welding (MAW) of thick-walled fittings of small diameter (up to 80 mm) does not provide a high-quality weld joint that meets the requirements of regulatory and technical documents of nuclear power plants (NPP). The solution to this problem is possible on the basis of research and development of welding technology with optimal heat input instead of MAW. Existing fusion welding technologies do not allow for optimal regulated heat input. However, this can be realized during the development and further use of the friction welding (FW) method. Therefore, this work aimed at developing a technology based on an automated technique of friction welding, which could provide the enhancing of the quality of weld joints of small diameter fittings of power equipment to the level of regulatory requirements.Materials and Methods. Small diameter fittings with a conical contact surface made of low-alloy steel 10GN2MFA were used. The experimental study was performed on a friction welding machine MST–41. Methods of non-destructive and destructive quality control were used in accordance with the regulatory and technical documentation of nuclear power engineering.Results. A methodology was developed, and the optimal dimensions of the conical contacting surface under welding were determined. It was shown that optimal heat input during friction welding was achieved by preparing a conical contacting surface in the angle range α = 30º–40º. The methodology and parameters of the friction welding mode for models of small diameter fittings were experimentally tested. In the course of the research, a cyclogram of the friction welding process was obtained and described, which confirmed the stage-by-stage formation of the weld joint due to the sequential inclusion of annular sections of the conical surface of the connected parts in the heating stage. The results of non-destructive and destructive testing were obtained, confirming the presence of a high-quality weld joint at the level of the requirements of the regulatory and technical documents of the NPP.Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained research results can be used to develop the technology of friction welding of pipes, as well as products made of carbon and low-alloy steels.
Pulmonic stenosis caused by single coronary artery in dogs: Four cases (1965-1984)
Authors: Buchanan James W. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Single right coronary artery (ca) associated with pulmonic stenosis was found in 3 English Bulldogs and a Boxer, suggesting a genetic predisposition for the associated anomalies. The left main coronary branch arose from the single right ca, encircled the pulmonic root over hypoplastic pulmonic valves at the level of the obstruction, and appeared to be the primary cause of underlying pulmonic stenosis. Patchgraft surgery to relieve pulmonic stenosis caused death in 1 dog when the unrecognized anomalous ca was severed during the procedure. The anomalous left ca was detectable by use of angiocardiography in all 4 dogs and was recognized before surgery in 2 of them. In 1 dog, a right ventricle-to-pulmonary trunk-bridging conduit was implanted to improve outflow from the right side of the heart.
Evaluation of an automated tabletop blood biochemical analyzer for the veterinary clinical pathology laboratory
Authors: Sallee Susan , Rippel Ray , Hoffmann Walter E. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The importance of accurate quantitative blood biochemical analysis for the diagnosis and management of disease is recognized by most veterinarians. In recent years, several biochemical analyzers have become available for the veterinary market. One of these analyzers was evaluated for its suitability in measuring several biochemical variables—alkaline phosphatase, urea nitrogen, creatinine, glucose, alanine transaminase (dog and cat only), and aspartate transaminase (horse only)—in dogs, cats, and horses. Instrument within-day precision ranged from 1.0 to 7.1%, and between-day precision ranged from 1.6 to 7.4%. During the 6-month period of the study, the analyzer required recalibration for only 1 analyte (creatinine).
Concentrations of individual analytes were similar when blood (collected in anticoagulant), plasma, and serum were assayed in parallel. The accuracy of the analyzer, as measured by correlation to a reference method, ranged from 0.861 for creatinine in horses to > 0.950 for each of the other analytes in the 3 species. Mean values for each analyte were similar, except for alkaline phosphatase, which had consistently lower values by use of the analyzer method. A data base was established for reference values in each species.
Evaluation of a scheme for predicting the gram-staining reaction of organisms causing bovine mastitis
Authors: Jones Gary F. , Ward G. E. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
The accuracy of a scheme for predicting the gram-staining reaction of organisms causing bovine mastitis in cows with systemic signs of disease (anorexia) was evaluated over 1 year. Criteria for making the predictions included: season of year, stage of lactation, appearance of milk, detection and duration of teat injuries, and milk odor. It was possible to determine the cause by microbiologic culture of specimens from 136 of the 147 cows of the study. Of 78 infections caused by gram-negative (mostly coliform) organisms, 62 (79%) were predicted accurately to be caused by gram-negative organisms. Of 57 infections caused by gram-positive organisms, 45 (79%) were predicted correctly to be caused by gram-positive organisms. Correctly predicted as gram-positive organisms causing infection were: Actinomyces pyogenes in 20 of 21 (95%) cows; Staphylococcus sp in 14 of 22 (64%) cows; Streptococcus sp in 10 of 13 (77%) cows and Bacillus sp in 1 cow. Overall accuracy, in those instances when bacteria were isolated (136 cows), was 78%.
A survey of equine parasite control practices in Tennessee
Authors: Reinemeyer Craig R. , Rohrbach Barton W. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
A weighted, random sample of 130 horse owners in Tennessee was selected from subscribers to an equine newsletter published by the Agricultural Extension Service. Data about the participants' farms, horses, parasite control practices, and sources of information regarding equine parasite control were obtained through a telephone survey. The response rate was 98%.
The typical respondent kept 4 horses on 2 pastures totaling 15 acres, and did not rotate pastures as a parasite control measure. The majority (83%) of horse owners indicated that they administered anthelmintics according to a regular schedule; 9% delayed deworming until the onset of weight loss.
Proportions of owners deworming the various classes of horses at least 1, 2, 3, or 4 times annually were as follows: foals (0 to 6 months) 100, 60,15, and 0%, respectively; weanlings (6 to 12 months) 100, 91, 32, and 0%, respectively; yearlings (1 to 2 years) 100, 100,86, and 51%, respectively; and adults (> 2 years) 100, 94, 56, and 24%, respectively. Median treatments of yearlings and adults were evenly spaced at 6-, 4-, or 3-month intervals when the owners dewormed 2, 3, or 4 times annually, respectively. Mean intervals between treatments of foals and weanlings were less regular.
Of the horse owners who dewormed 2 or more times annually, most (53 to 80%) used the same product exclusively for all treatments. In all age classes of horses, ivermectin paste (46 to 63%) was the most common product used, followed by tube deworming (23 to 38%) and use of benzimidazoles (4 to 16%). Nearly all respondents (98%) planned to use the same anthelmintics the next year, and 91% intended to maintain the same frequency of treatment.
Equine-oriented magazines (41%) and veterinarians (27%) were considered the most important sources of information about when to deworm horses, and veterinarians (75%) were the most important source of information about which product to use.