bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of host quality ofCallosobruchus maculatus(Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on performance of the egg parasitoidUscana lariophaga(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Authors: Spitzen J. , van Huis A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDevelopment and reproductive success of the solitary egg parasitoidUscana lariophagaSteffan were examined after development in eggs of the bruchid storage pestCallosobruchus maculatusFabricius reared at either low or high densities on cowpea seeds and laid at day 1 and 4 of maternal life. Both bruchid larval competition and maternal age negatively affected egg size, but the latter more than the former.Uscana lariophagareared in small hosts developed slower, were smaller and produced fewer eggs compared to parasitoids reared in large hosts. Fecundity of the parasitoid was heavily influenced by host egg size. This was reflected in the values for the intrinsic rate of increase ofU. lariophaga, which differed for wasps that developed in host eggs laid by bruchid females of different age. Wasps allocated marginally more female offspring to larger hosts.
Return migration of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) during autumn in northern China
Authors: Feng H.-Q. , Wu K.-M. , Ni Y.-X. , Cheng D.-F. , Guo Y.-Y. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe autumn migration of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) was observed with radar and two types of light-trap at Langfang, Hebei province, China in 2001 and 2002. The sudden increase in the proportion of H. armigera moths in the searchlight trap indicated migration into the area and catches increased 10-fold during the second half of the night due to the landing of migrants before dawn. The moths’ migratory flights took place at up to 2000 m above the ground, and moths flew differentially at times, and heights, when favourable (i.e. northerly) winds occurred. This facilitated the maximum displacement of moths towards the south during these ‘return’ migrations. The moths flew over the radar site at consistently high densities through the night, and the resulting flight durations of c. 10 h, at displacement speeds of 30–33 km h−1, would allow moths emerging in the far northeast of China (i.e. Liaoning and Jilin provinces and the Inner Mongolia autonomous region) to migrate into northern China (Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces). The association of the seasonal migratory movements of H. armigera with crops in northern China is briefly discussed.
The Scottish Parliament and e‐democracy
Authors: Seaton Janet 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo describe the initiatives of the Scottish Parliament in the field of e‐democracy and assess the prospects for future developments.Design/methodology/approachAnalysis and review.FindingsThe Scottish Parliament has always seen the internet as one of the major mechanisms for engaging Scottish citizens in the Parliament's business and activities. Its most successful initiatives have been the e‐petitioning system, the webcasting of proceedings, the discussion forums and the MSP video diaries.Research limitations/implicationsRelevant to parliaments and other representative institutions.Practical implicationsSimple implementable tools are described that have been shown to be effective.Originality/valueFew parliaments have been able to put theory into practice in a short time. Applicable to other small parliaments with limited resources wishing to enhance democratic participation by electronic means.
UK elected representatives and their weblogs: first impressions
Authors: Auty Caroline 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo examine the weblogs written by members of UK legislatures and to determine whether such weblogs address commonly cited criticisms of MPs' web sites and serve to bridge the gap between representative and constituent.Design/methodology/approachExamination of the literature on MPs' web sites to draw up a list of common criticisms. Construction of evaluation criteria to analyse the blogs in terms of content, currency, design, interactivity and evidence of personality both as a snapshot and over a longer period.FindingsThat weblogs are, on the whole, kept up to date and show promising levels of activity. Blogs enable constituents to see with what their MPs have been involved (on both the local and the Parliamentary stages) and to see what areas of policy particularly interest their MP. Personality of the MPs is apparent on most of the blogs, which are less party‐oriented than many MPs' web sites. Although the gap between representatives and constituents may have been bridged to an extent, blogging is still largely a top‐down form of communication – even though people do submit relevant and pertinent comments to the blogs, proper two‐way debate is rarely seen and comments are not always acknowledged or answered.Research limitations/implicationsBased on a small number of blogs covering the UK only.Practical implicationsProvides simple evaluation criteria that could be applied to blogs in other areas.Originality/valueProvides a useful first structured analysis of weblogs written by elected representatives, on which further work can be undertaken once the sample size has increased and existing blogs are more established.
Novel design of disturbance decoupled reduced‐order observer
Authors: Luan Jia‐hui , Jiang Xing‐wei , Song Zheng‐ji 
Published: July 2005

PurposeIn order to improve the practicability of the design in state estimation, the paper aims to present a novel disturbance decoupled reduced‐order observer (DDRO) design scheme.Design/methodology/approachThe paper first uses equivalence transformation to eliminate unknown input appearing in measurement. Then based on Luenberger observer and using two non‐singular coordinate transformation, the design observer can get no bias error in the state estimation.FindingsBy using this approach we find that the conditions of DDRO depend on the system itself that is weaker than other observers. It is a qualified and simple and straightforward approach to be applied in wide domains.Research limitations/implicationsWe should note that the number of independent rows of the matrix C must not be less than the number of the independent columns of the matrix E to satisfy condition rank(CE)=rank(E)=q. In other words, the maximum number of disturbances which can be decoupled cannot be larger than the number of independent measurements.Practical implicationsIt is a very useful approach to solve the problem that the measurement is contaminated by disturbances.Originality/valueThe paper proposed an equivalence transformation. It is used to eliminate unknown input appearing in measurement. At the same time the algebraic transformation guaranteed that it would lose no information of the unknown inputs. And compared with other known results, the design condition of the reduced‐order observer which proposed in this paper depends on system itself, especially, which is weaker than others.
Inner‐outer matching solution of Blasius equation by DTM
Authors: Arikoglu Aytac , Ozkol Ibrahim 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo study the flow of a two‐dimensional, steady, incompressible and constant property fluid over a semi‐infinite flat plate represented by the well‐known Blasius equation.Design/methodology/approachDifferential transform method was used to solve this equation. The solution is based on matching of the inner and outer solutions.FindingsIt is observed that the inner solution diverges at η≅5.5 and the outer solution developed for η≥5.5 should be matched with the inner one.Originality/valueIt is the first time, for the best of the authors' knowledge, the missing boundary condition f″(0), related to surface friction, is obtained in a closed form. Also, the matching technique implemented in this study can be used for this type of physical length sensitive problems.
Autonomous optical navigation for landing on asteroids
Authors: Shuang Li , Hutao Cui , Pingyuan Cui 
Published: July 2005

PurposeIn order to succeed in landing asteroids, good accuracy autonomous navigation is absolutely necessary. Aims to describe a new autonomous navigation algorithm.Design/methodology/approachFirst, gray images of asteroid surface are acquired by optical navigation camera, and nature feature points are detected and tracked autonomously. Second, the directional vector from spacecraft to the center of each feature point can be computed from the image coordinates in camera focal plane. Then, LIDAR/LRF is directed to three feature points and the distances from spacecraft to feature points are obtained. Last, the relative position vector from spacecraft to the target asteroid is reconstructed base on measurement outputs of navigation cameras and laser light radar (laser range finder).FindingsSuppose the initial conditions presented in this paper, the autonomous optical navigation position error and velocity error are less than 1 m and 0.1 m/s, respectively; this navigation accuracy can satisfy the requirement of soft landing on asteroids.Originality/valueBased on feature detection and tracking, an autonomous optical navigation scheme is brought out and the validity is confirmed by computer simulation.
Designing a successful library school field experience
Authors: Kelsey Paul , Ramaswamy Mohan 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo share the library school field experience paradigm that the authors developed after their successful participation as a supervisor and student.Design/methodology/approachA review of field experience literature is provided. The field experience paradigms and perspectives pertaining to the supervisor and the student are explained. The paradigm is suggested as a model for field experience participants and their supervisors.FindingsThe field experience paradigm for the supervisors elucidates the stages – planning, training, mentoring and evaluation. The paradigm for students explains the phases – awareness, interests, planning and participation.Research limitations/implicationsThe focus of the field experience, from which the paradigm emanated, was to train and prepare the student for agricultural librarianship in an academic library. The application of the paradigm may vary for different situations.Practical implicationsThe paradigm is expected to be useful for supervisors and students of field experience programs.Originality/valueThis paradigm stems from the participation of the authors as a field experience supervisor and student. The steps and methods the authors followed will help advance future field experience programs.
Knowledge processes
Authors: Huotari Maija‐Leena , Iivonen Mirja 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo explore the nature of the university's knowledge processes and to specify the library's role in these processes.Design/methodology/approachA theoretical framework for strategic management based on the concepts of the value constellation of networked enterprises and the knowledge processes is applied along with the concept of a strategic partnership to indicate the library's new role within the university.FindingsThe library's role in the generative knowledge processes is likely to become the major managerial challenge. Its role in the productive knowledge processes will increase, and in the representative knowledge processes it will diversify.Research limitations/implicationsThe same research object could be approached empirically from a multidisciplinary perspective, i.e. the transforming research and teaching processes and enhancement of the library's role in them. The impact of the library's intellectual capital on the university's intellectual capital should be examined in terms of performance assessment in theory and practice.Practical implicationsIlluminative examples indicate how libraries can take a more proactive, strategic role in practice.Originality/valueThis timely paper develops a sound theoretical basis on which the library can be understood as a vital member of a strategic partnership in the management of the university's intellectual capital. It is a significant application to library management of theory from outside the field. The paper is rich in stimulating ideas, and should be of considerable interest to a wide readership.
Sensemaking a public library's internet policy crisis
Authors: Cavanagh Mary 
Published: July 2005

PurposeUsing Weick's sensemaking theory within a KM framework, and storytelling methodology, this study aims to deconstruct a recent public internet access policy crisis at the newly amalgamated Ottawa Public Library (Canada). As the library's former Manager of Virtual Library Services, the author retrospectively enacts the story of how the library board and management resolved a public controversy led by the staff and the community newspaper. At issue were the library staff's right to be protected from viewing internet pornography, the community's reaction to the issue of protecting children's internet access, and the library's commitment to intellectual freedom online.Design/methodology/approachPlausible meanings are presented, the public library's identity and beliefs are reinterpreted, organizational vocabularies are challenged and tacit and cultural knowledge is created and shared.FindingsIn keeping with a commitment to knowledge creation and use, the library should be actively engaged in multiple tellings of this organizational story by both staff and management. Such tellings, while perhaps not building any new consensus, would contribute to future sensemaking and could aid future strategic planning.Originality/valueApplies Weick's theory, developed in a larger KM framework, and using storytelling methodology, to deconstruct the experience of a recent organizational crisis involving public internet access in a Canadian public library.
The best business practices of Sri Lankan firms
Authors: Jayakody J.A.S.K. , Sanjeewani W.M.A. 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe present study was undertaken to identify what practices are considered best business practices by business firms in Sri Lanka and to explore whether there exist different practices in different sectors.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from managers attending postgraduate and mid‐career development programs in a large Sri Lankan university. A total of 71 managers responded to the questionnaire representing 71 firms. The data were analyzed with principal component factor (Varimax rotation) technique to identify the best practices and Tukey's post hoc test was employed to compare them across different sectors.FindingsThe findings indicate that the following are considered to be best business practices in Sri Lanka: a bias for action, quality focus, customer orientation, relationships with customers, relationships with employees and outsourcing. These best practices belong to four key performance areas, namely external market orientation, internal organizational process, current business performance, and internal customer orientation. It was also found that medium‐sized firms are different from large, and service firms are different from firms in the trade sector in terms of a bias for action. Further, firms operating in the overseas markets and manufacturing firms are significantly higher in “quality focus” than their counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsThe researchers suggest that future research be undertaken using large samples, taking the four‐dimensional framework as the conceptual framework.Originality/valueThough the history of best business practices runs into the early 1980s, empirical studies on the topic are limited both in the West and the East. During the last two decades a number of lists of best practices appeared with little empirical support, thus causing a research gap.
Value orientations: a case study of north Indian manufacturing managers
Authors: Monga Manjit 
Published: July 2005

PurposeIt is argued that ethical ideology espoused by an individual provides the framework within which individuals contemplate the issues and determine the right way to behave. This paper aims to report the findings of a study designed to examine the ethical orientations of managers.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted on a sample of 175 managers and was drawn from 12 large manufacturing organizations in the state of Punjab, India, using Forsyth's ethics position questionnaire.FindingsIt was found that the large majority of managers were situationists and only a small percentage were absolutists.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample in this study is restricted to large manufacturing enterprises only and reports espoused values only.Practical implicationsAn understanding of the value orientations of managers is valuable for business representatives from other cultural contexts when working with their Indian counterparts. It is also a useful input in establishing organisational strategies for management development and training for expatriate assignments and leadership roles.Originality/valueThe author is of the belief that, at the present time, this is the largest study of personal ethical orientations of practising managers in the manufacturing sector in Punjab, India. It adds to the work done by various researchers into ethical beliefs and values of managers in various cultural contexts.
International training and management development: theory and reality
Authors: Shen Jie 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThis article aims to outline the theoretical perspectives of international training and development and examine how theoretical frameworks have been implemented by practitioners.Design/methodology/approachLiterature review.FindingsThere appears to be a considerable gap between academic theories and multinational enterprises’ (MNEs’) practices. MNEs pay little attention to international training and management development. Ineffective international training and management development have a considerably adverse impact on MNEs.Practical implicationsIn order to succeed in a globally competitive environment MNEs need to effectively train expatriates and their spouses, host‐country nationals (HCNs) and third‐country nationals (TCNs), and develop and nurture a truly global management team.Originality/valueThis paper systematically reviews the existing literature and reveals a considerable gap between academic theories and MNEs’ practices.
Global measures of development and the information society
Authors: Albright Kendra S. 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo examine the effects of telecommunications on national development, broadly measured in the areas of economic, social, and political change, and cultural development.Design/methodology/approachThe results of a structural equation model are reported, designed to examine the bi‐directional relationship between telecommunications infrastructure and national development for countries worldwide. The economic, social, and political development, and cultural changes that result from telecommunications infrastructure are investigated.FindingsTelecommunications infrastructure effects extend beyond economic impacts to include social, political, and cultural change.Research limitations/implicationsCriteria used to measure development and change, particularly those that examine the effects of telecommunications on culture, are inadequate and do not adequately measure the effects of telecommunications on national development.Practical implicationsAlternative methods of assessment or measure are needed to examine more critically the effects of telecommunications within the context of national development.Originality/valueThis paper argues for the necessity of deeper investigation into the influence of technology on society, particularly in the area of cultural change.
Re‐engineering customer services: University of Salford information services division
Authors: Jeal Yvette 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThis paper describes the first steps in a process of service re‐engineering – business process re‐engineering (BPR) – in the information services division (ISD) of the University of Salford.Design/methodology/approachThis paper begins by describing the recent changes within HE and the impact of these changes to support services. The structure of ISD (and customer services within that) in the University of Salford is described, and the need for process change is analysed. The CRISP (Customer Resolution and Information Services Project) teams are then described, as are the principles behind the planned process mapping exercise. Finally, change management issues and customer relationships are discussed, as is our vision of a learning organisation.FindingsThe ISD will re‐engineer its key processes providing a customer‐focused service with resources directed specifically to where they are required. The process has already met challenges, even though its scope is just being defined. Those challenges include the complexity of the cultures that will need to be accounted for, the threats of a loss of momentum due to the need for thoroughness and fairness, and the need for planned communication and change management.Originality/valueThe scale of BPR being undertaken at the University of Salford is unmatched in the UK. This paper will begin the thought process for similar services who wish to focus what they do and the resources they use in providing that service.
Creating digital value: at the heart of the I‐E‐I framework
Authors: Foster Tim 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide a better understanding on the use of web sites for creating value in industrial buyer‐seller relationships.Design/methodology/approachThrough an extensive yet not exhaustive review of previous studies on business‐to‐business (B2B) web site development, the extranet level of a conceptual model (the I‐E‐I framework) is tested in an industrial setting in Sweden. Using four research questions as a guide, a qualitative, case study approach is followed in order to uncover both the industrial sellers' and buyers' perspectives on the true value of an industrial extranet.FindingsThe findings show that, for true value to be created at this level, both the seller and the buyer must not only take value out, but also put it in. Value in this setting focuses on information as the heart of true value creation, and the view that the extranet can indeed be considered the “super‐glue” of such seller‐buyer relationships.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the aim of qualitative research is rarely to generalize in any way, it does allow one to probe more deeply and uncover detailed clues and descriptions of what is happening in an area of research that is itself dynamic and constantly changing. What practitioners can take from this study is that extranets can be developed to serve and create true value at the (core) seller‐buyer relationship.Originality/valueEmpirical evidence regarding extranets in such settings has been limited. This study helps to fill this gap and provide a foundation for future research efforts within the area.
Supply chain management and business cycles
Authors: Heng Michael S.H. , Chung William Wang Yu , He Xianghua 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe purpose of this research note is to investigate the implications of supply chain management of e‐business for the macroeconomic phenomenon of business cycles.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides a list of propositions, which form the broad basis of an empirical research agenda, to explore and investigate the mechanisms through which supply chain innovations can influence business cycle.FindingsEconomic research literature has pointed out that there are linkages between inventory investment and business cycle fluctuation. Given that the e‐business supply chain management drastically alters inventory investment across a range of industries, it is likely to affect the behaviour of economic fluctuation.Originality/valueThis research has the potential to contribute to a better‐informed formulation of economic policies at national and global level.