bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Cyclosporin A‐Induced Gingival Overgrowth
Authors: Bulut Sule , Alaaddinoglu Emine E. , Bilezikç Banui , Demirhan Beyhan , Moray Gokhan 
Published: February 2005

Background: Cyclosporin A (CsA) is an immunosuppressive agent that is known to induce gingival overgrowth (GO). Pharmacological, genetic, immunologic, and inflammatory factors seem to be involved in the complex pathogenesis of drug‐induced GO. Lymphocyte subpopulations in human gingival connective tissue have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal diseases. One purpose of this study was to quantify CD4, CD8‐, CD57‐, and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA)‐positive cells in the gingiva of renal transplant recipients treated with CsA, and compare them to findings in healthy controls. A second aim was to correlate cell numbers with clinical findings.Methods: The study included 19 kidney recipients who were taking CsA and had significant GO (CsAGO+), 13 recipients who were taking CsA but showed no GO (CsAGO−), and 14 systemically healthy individuals with gingivitis (C). Sections from gingival biopsies were incubated with monoclonal antibodies for CD4, CD8, EMA, and CD57, and then analyzed using the avidin‐biotin complex method. In each specimen, the mononuclear cell types were quantified and their distribution was evaluated in 3 separate tissue zones: S = subepithelial connective tissue beneath the sulcular epithelium; O = subepithelial connective tissue beneath the oral epithelium; and M = middle connective tissue.Results: There were no significant differences among the groups with respect to the numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in each of the 3 zones (P >0.05). In zone S, the CsAGO+ group had significantly more EMA‐positive cells than either the C or CsAGO− groups (P <0.05). There were significant differences among the groups regarding numbers of CD57+ (natural killer) cells in zone M, with the lowest cell numbers in the CsAGO+ patients (P <0.05).Conclusions: The results showed that low numbers of natural killer cells are important in the expression of plaque‐induced inflammatory changes in CsA‐associated GO. It appears that these cells may influence the drug's ability to induce proliferative activity. J Periodontol 2002;73:892‐899.
A Retrospective Case Series Comparing the Use of Demineralized Freeze‐Dried Bone Allograft and Freeze‐Dried Bone Allograft Combined With Enamel Matrix Derivative for the Treatment of Advanced Osseous Lesions
Authors: Rosen Paul S. , Reynolds Mark A. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Combined regeneratbe approaches have been used for treating advanced osseous lesions around teeth. The aim of combining treatments is to enhance both clinical predictability and regeneratbe outcome compared to a monotherapeutic approach. This case series from a prioate practice reports on the clinical efficacy of an enamel matrix derioatioe (EMD) combined with either demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft (DFDBA) or freeze‐dried bone allograft (FDBA) in the treatment of adoanced infrabony lesions. The aduanced lesions were veneered by a rapidly formed absorbable polymer barrier of poly (DL‐lactide) to enhance graft containment.Methods: A total of 22 consecutiue patients, each contributing one infrabony lesion, are reported. After patients completed presurgical preparation, the infrabony lesions were surgically treated with a combined approach that included root surface treatment with citric acid. The two groups differed in their composite graft; one receiued DFDBA‐EMD (n = 10) and the other received FDBA‐EMD n = 12). Patients followed a stringent postoperatioe protocol and were eoaluated 6 months postsurgery. Clinical outcomes were assessed by changes in clinical attachment leoel (CAL) and probing depth (PO) from pretreatment. Surgical re‐entry of seoeral sites was possible in each group.Results: CAL at pretreatment measured 9.2 ± 1.3 mm and 9.1 ± 1.9 mm for DFDBA‐EMD and FDBAEMD groups, respectiuely, with corresponding PD of 8.4 ± 1.6 mm and 8.9 ± 2.0 mm for each group. At 6 months post‐treatment, CALs were reduced to 4.7 ± 1.3 mm and 3.8 ± 1 .O mm for DFDBA‐EMD and FDBAEMD groups, respectiuely; with corresponding PD decreased to 3.0 ± 0.8 mm and 3.2 ± 1.0 mm. Relative improoements in CAL for the DFDBA‐EMD and DFDBA‐EMD groups were 49.1 % ± 11.O% and 57.3% ± 9.4%, respectioely (P <0.07).Conclusions: This case series demonstrates the clinical benefits of using a combined therapeutic approach in which a biologic mediator (EMD) was combined with either DmBA or FDBA. In this limited case series, a trend was obseroed towards greater improoement in clinical attachment leoel gain in adoanced infrabony defects when EMD was combined with FDBA as compared to DFDBA. Larger prospective controlled clinical trials are needed to determine if differences exist in the relative efficacy of DFDBA uersus FDBA in combination with EMD. J Periodontol 2002;73:942‐949.
Bone Repair Following Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2 Stimulated Periodontal Regeneration
Authors: Selvig Knut A. , Sorensen Rachel G. , Wozney John M. , Wikesjö Ulf M.E. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) in an absorbable sponge (ACS) carrier is currently being evaluated as candidate therapy for periodontal regeneration. The objective of this study was to characterize, in some detail, tissue reactions following surgical implantation of rhBMP‐2/ACS into periodontal defects.Methods: Four young adult, male beagle dogs with surgically induced, bilateral, critical size, supraalveolar, mandibular premolar defects sequentially received rhBMP‐2/ACS (rhBMP‐2 at 0.2 mg/ml) in right and left jaw quadrants. After 4 or 8 weeks of healing, experimental teeth with surrounding tissues were harvested and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy.Results: Surgical implantation of rhBMP‐2/ACS into large supraalveolar periodontal defects resulted in a variable tissue response without marked difference between 4‐ and 8‐week observations. New bone, exceeding the volume of the normal alveolar process, had formed within 4 weeks. The regenerated bone tissue consisted of finely trabeculated woven bone. Marrow spaces exhibited a continuous lining of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and resting cells. The marrow spaces contained numerous large, thin‐walled vessels but were almost devoid of collagen fibrils or fibroblasts. Large voids (seromas) encountered in the newly formed bone were free of structured elements except for occasional aggregates of effete erythrocytes. A variety of tissue reactions were observed along the root surface including areas of resorption, areas of hard tissue deposition, and areas without resorptive or appositional activity. Ankylosis was a frequent observation, although areas showing characteristics of a periodontal ligament with a fine layer of acellular fiber cementum and occasional inserting Sharpey's fibers were also observed. Osteoblasts facing the root surface often appeared to be in a highly active state judged by their cuboidal shape, well‐developed endoplasmic reticulum and numerous mitochondria, and the presence of an adjacent layer of preosteoblasts. Conspicuous bundles of wide collagen fibrils near the dentin surface as well as within the marrow spaces were considered to represent remnants of the ACS. These fibrils were associated with areas of mineralization as verified by examination of undecalcified specimens.Conclusions: rhBMP‐2/ACS elicits a rapid osteoinductive process throughout the implant as well as along and onto the instrumented adjacent root surface. Lamellated trabecular bone was the predominant regenerated tissue. A typical cementum‐periodontal ligament‐alveolar bone relationship was a rare observation. The great variability in histological tissue response along the instrumented root surface indicates that the stimulus to hard tissue formation resided primarily in the rhBMP‐2/ACS implant rather than in the root surface. J Periodontol 2002;73:1020‐1029.
Comparison Between Patient Expectation Before and Satisfaction After Periodontal Surgical Treatment
Authors: Lee Jae‐Mok , Song Keun Bae , Sohn Hee Yong , Jeong Seong Hwa , Kwon Ho Kwen 
Published: February 2005

Background: The purposes of this study were to compare patient expectation before periodontal surgical treatment with their level of satisfaction afterward on the basis of a self‐reported questionnaire, and to analyze the relationship between various satisfaction factors and periodontal surgical treatment.Methods: Information was obtained from 33 patients initially diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. The survey was completed twice by each patient, once before and once after modified Widman flap surgery.Results: The satisfaction scores of items related to patient expectation of treatment outcome decreased significantly following surgery. The patients also expressed great dissatisfaction with items regarding disease prevention such as “desire for knowledge of periodontal disease prevention” and “desire for knowledge of recurrence control methods.” However, some items such as ”dental pain during treatment,” “dental fear of treatment,” and ”cost of treatment” increased significantly after treatment. The total mean score of general satisfaction before treatment was 2.65, decreasing to 2.60 after treatment.Conclusions: Among the 5 subscales, any increase in patient satisfaction related to the treatment factors is difficult to achieve, but we should be able to raise the satisfaction level of our patients through improvement of the preventive measure factors. J Periodontol 2002;73:1037‐1042.
Peripheral Odontogenic Keratocyst: A Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Ide Fumio , Shimoyama Tetsuo , Horie Norio 
Published: February 2005

Background: Occurrence of a gingival cyst in adults that exhibits the histopathologic hallmarks of an odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is rare.Methods: Two cases of primary soft tissue OKC in an adult female are described. Both presented as an asymptomatic small nodule on the buccal gingiva of the anterior mandible.Results: After simple excision, no recurrence was observed.Conclusions: All available data indicate that, irrespective of the nomenclature, peripheral OKC should be included under the histopathological spectrum of gingival cysts in the adult. J Periodontol 2002;73:1079‐1081.
Intermittent Cigarette Smoke Inhalation May Affect Bone Volume Around Titanium Implants in Rats
Authors: Nociti Francisco Humberto , Neto João Batista César , Carvalho Marcelo , Sallum Enilson Antonio , Sallum Antonio Wilson 
Published: February 2005

Background: A negative influence of smoking on implant outcomes has been reported. This animal study investigated the influence of cigarette smoke on osseointegration and newly formed bone within implant threads.Methods: Male Wistar rats were included in the study. After anesthesia, the tibiae surface was exposed and a screw‐shaped titanium implant (4.0 mm in length; 2.2 mm in diameter) was placed bilaterally. The animals were randomly assigned to group 1, control, or group 2, intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation. The animals were sacrificed after 60 days and undecalcified sections obtained. The degree of bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and the bone area (BA) within the implant threads were measured in the cortical (zone A) and cancellous bone (zone B) areas.Results: A slight difference in the BIC was noted between the groups, but this was not statistically significant either in zone A or in zone B (Mann‐Whitney test, P >0.05). In contrast, the BA close to the implant significantly decreased in both zones for group 2 (84.73% ± 4.77 versus 79.85% ± 6.17, zone A in groups 1 and 2, respectively, and 32.01% ± 6.62 versus 20.71% ± 8.57, zone B in groups 1 and 2, respectively, P <0.05).Conclusion: Within the limits of the present study, intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation may result in a poor bone quality around titanium implants inserted in rats. J Periodontol 2002;73:982‐987.
Resolution of Crevicular Fluid Leukocyte Activity in Patients Treated for Aggressive Periodontal Disease
Authors: Buchmann Rainer , Hasilik Andrej , Van Dyke Thomas E. , Lange Dieter E. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Enhanced neutrophil responses play a critical role in the activation of the innate immune system and causation of aggressive periodontitis (AgP). The hypothesis that comprehensive periodontal treatment expedites resolution of amplified leukocyte activity and facilitates the reconstitution of periodontal health was tested.Methods: Four different gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) markers from 14 patients were characterized prior to and at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after periodontal therapy. GCF myeloperoxidase (MPO), beta‐N‐acetyl‐hexosaminidase (beta‐NAH), and beta‐glucuronidase (beta‐G) were determined spectrophotometrically, and cathepsin D (CD) by liquid scintillation counting using [14C] hemoglobin as substrate. The primary outcome was long‐term stability of periodontal health.Results: In untreated AgP, GCF markers were significantly amplified (MPO: 1.9‐fold; beta‐NAH: 1.3‐fold; beta‐G: 1.7‐fold; CD: 4.7‐fold). Following periodontal therapy, the leukocyte activity was significantly dampened (0.3‐ to 0.5‐fold), and paralleled with a sustained improvement of periodontal health (P <0.05). Thereafter and at 3 years, GCF leukocyte responses remained on a physiologic low level compatible to normal immune function.Conclusions: Comprehensive treatment of AP induces a downregulation of amplified crevicular neutrophil activity. The release of the innate immune system from exacerbating damage elicits a successful reconstitution of long‐term periodontal health with no setbacks seen after 3 years. J Periodontol 2002;73:995‐1002.
Clinical and Microbiologic Study of Periodontitis Associated With Kindler Syndrome
Authors: Wiebe Colin B. , Penagos Homero , Luong Nancy , Slots J⊘rgen , Epstein Ervin , Siegel Dawn , Häkkinen Lari , Putnins Edward E. , Larjava Hannu S. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Little is known about the onset and prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with the rare Kindler syndrome, genodermatological disorder. This study investigated the level of clinical periodontal attachment in relation to age and presence of putative periodontopathogenic bacteria in individuals with Kindler syndrome.Methods: Eighteen individuals diagnosed with Kindler syndrome and 13 control subjects, aged 4 to 37 years, from rural Panama received a limited clinical periodontal examination. Subgingival samples were collected for identification of putative periodontal pathogens by polymerase chain reaction.Results: Mild to severe gingivitis was a common finding in all adults of the study population. Seventy‐two percent (13/18) of the Kindler patients and 46% (6/13) of the control subjects showed mild to severe periodontal disease (P = 0.001, chi‐square test). The onset of periodontitis was earlier and the progression occurred at a faster rate in the Kindler group. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.83) between the level of attachment loss and age in the Kindler group and a weaker correlation (r = 0.66) in the control group. The appearance of gingival tissues suggested atypical periodontitis with spontaneous bleeding and fragile, often desquamative, gingiva. In periodontitis patients, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Dialister pneumosintes tended to occur more frequently in control individuals compared to those with Kindler syndrome.Conclusions: In the Kindler group, periodontitis had an onset in early teenage years and progressed more rapidly compared to non‐Kindler individuals of the same geographic and ethnic group. Clinical and microbiological findings suggest atypical periodontitis in Kindler patients. We propose to include Kindler syndrome in the category of medical disorders predisposing to destructive periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2003;74:25‐31.
The Relationship Between Volatile Sulfur Compounds and Major Halitosis‐Inducing Factors
Authors: Lee Chae‐Hoon , Kho Hong‐Seop , Chung Sung‐Chang , Lee Sung‐Woo , Kim Young‐Ku 
Published: February 2005

Background: Although tongue coating and periodontal conditions have been reported to be major halitosis‐inducing factors, the relationship between volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) and these 2 major factors is not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of VSC concentrations to tongue coating and periodontal health.Methods: Forty subjects (mean age 33.3 years, range 14 to 64 years) were enrolled in this study. Gas chromatography was performed to analyze each VSC component from the mouth air sampled prior to tongue scraping, after tongue scraping, and after a subsequent prophylaxis on the interdental spaces.Results: CH3SH was the most malodorous component among the 3 major VSC from the mouth air. The high CH3SH group showed a significantly higher organoleptic rating (P <0.01), gingival index (P <0.01), bleeding index (P <0.01), probing depth (P <0.05), and VSC concentrations prior to tongue scraping (P <0.01), except for the amount of tongue coating, compared to the low CH3SH group. All VSC concentrations were vastly reduced by tongue scraping in both groups, and the remaining contents were nearly all removed by the subsequent prophylaxis. The VSC contents produced by the tongue coating played a major role [H2S: 76%; CH3SH: 52%; (CH3)2S: 55%] in the low CH3SH group. In the high CH3SH group which had poor periodontal health, the tongue coating still played a major role [H2S: 67%; CH3SH: 59%; (CH3)2S: 48%], but the interdental spaces also contributed to VSC production [H2S: 26%; CH3SH: 32%; (CH3)2S; 36%].Conclusions: The tongue coating was demonstrated to be a primary halitosis‐inducing factor. Periodontal health was also shown to contribute to VSC production. J Periodontol 2003;74:32‐37.
Human Monoclonal Antibody Inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis Hemagglutinin Activity
Authors: Kaizuka Kouji , Hosogi Yumiko , Hayakawa Mitsuo , Shibata Yasuko , Abiko Yoshimitsu 
Published: February 2005

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis has been implicated as an important pathogen in the development of chronic periodontitis, and its colonization of subgingival sites is critical in the pathogenic process. One potential virulence factor, hemagglutinin, may mediate bacteria attachment onto and penetration into host cells, as well as agglutinate and lyse erythrocytes to intake heme, an absolute requirement for growth. We previously cloned the gene encoding the 130 kDa hemagglutinin domain (130k HMGD) and identified its functional domain. The construction of a human monoclonal antibody that is capable of inhibiting the hemagglutinating ability is significant and important toward the development of passive immunotherapy.Methods: Human lymphocytes isolated from a donor, who had high antibody titer against the recombinant 130k HMGD (r130k HMGD), were immortalized by Epstein‐Barr virus, and specific antibody‐producing B cells were established by panning using the r130k HMGD.Results: The constructed HuMAb‐HMGD1, IgG subclass, recognized the r130k HMGD as well as the 43 and 49 kDa major bands in P. gingivalis cells and vesicles. The HuMAb‐HMGD1 significantly inhibited hemagglutinating activity of P. gingivalis vesicles in a dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, the HuMAb‐HMGD1 recognized the synthetic peptide, EGSNEFAPVQNLTGSSVG, which contains the functional domain of 130k HMGD.Conclusion: The newly constructed HuMAb‐HMGD1 may prove to be useful for the development of passive immunization against periodontal diseases caused by P. gingivalis infection, pending the results of fertility study in disease mode. J Periodontol 2003;74:38‐43.
The Influence of Alendronate on Bone Formation and Resorption in a Rat Ectopic Bone Development Model
Authors: Yaffe Avinoam , Kollerman Ron , Bahar Hila , Binderman Itzhak 
Published: February 2005

Background: Most bone grafting techniques that include bone marrow, alloplastic materials, and extracellular bone matrix produce new bone mass, filling bone defects unpredictably. In most cases, the new bone undergoes resorption due to low local strains, resulting in significant bone loss. Recently, it was shown that alendronate and other bisphosphonates reduce bone loss when administered systemically or locally. The aim of this study was to investigate whether alendronate is effective on bone formation or bone resorption.Methods: A total of 64 rats were divided into 2 main groups. In all the rats, fresh bone marrow removed from DA young rats was placed into demineralized rat femur cylinders (DBMC) and implanted into subcutaneous sites of host DA rats, to form new bone. Group A served as an alendronate treatment group, and group B served as a non‐treated control. Group A received 100 µl of 1.5 mg/ml alendronate solution at 1, 2, and 3 weeks (group A1) and at 3, 4, and 5 weeks (group A2). At designated times, the rats were sacrificed, and the implanted DBMC was dissected out of the thorax and processed for histological and microradiography image analysis.Results: Alendronate given at 1, 2, and 3 weeks (during the bone formation phase) did not increase the amount of bone or the visual bone density in comparison to the time‐matched control, after 4 and 8 weeks. When alendronate was injected at 3, 4, and 5 weeks, the bone mass increased by 70% and by 166% after 6 and 10 weeks, respectively, in comparison to the untreated control. The visual bone density in group A2 was maintained at the level of 140 ± 15 at 6 weeks and 152 ± 15 at 10 weeks. The matched, non‐treated control group B2 was signifi‐cantly lower, 106 ± 20 and 108 ± 15, respectively. The histological sections showed that alendronate treatment at 3, 4, and 5 weeks maintained the normal appearance of the ossicle at 6 and 10 weeks in comparison to the osteopenic bone appearance in the matched controls.Conclusions: This study suggests that alendronate is effective in inhibiting bone loss, but ineffective during the bone formation phase. We suggest, therefore, that alendronate should be administered in procedures where bone resorption is expected. J Periodontol 2003;74:44‐50.
Five‐Year Clinical, Microbiological, and Radiological Outcome Following Treatment of Peri‐Implantitis in Man
Authors: Leonhardt Åsa , Dahlén Gunnar , Renvert Stefan 
Published: February 2005

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the longterm outcome of a combined surgical and antimicrobial treatment of peri‐implantitis lesions in humans.Methods: Nine partially dentate individuals with titanium implants demonstrating a marginal bone loss of ≥ three threads as compared to baseline measurements made from 1‐year intraoral radiographs, bleeding on probing, and/or suppuration from the peri‐implant sulci were included in the study. In each individual, subgingival bacterial samples were obtained and subjected to microbiological analysis by culture. Surgical exposure of the lesions and cleaning of the implants using hydrogen peroxide were performed. The patients were given systemic antibiotics according to a susceptibility test of target bacteria. The treatment was evaluated clinically, microbiologically, and radiograpically at 6 months, 1 year, and 5 years.Results: Seven out of 26 implants with peri‐implantitis at baseline were lost during the 5‐year follow‐up period despite a significant reduction in the presence of plaque and gingival bleeding. Four implants continued to lose bone, 9 had an unchanged bone level, and 6 gained bone. Five of the patients were treated with antibiotics directed against putative periodontopathogens, i.e.,A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. intermedia, or P. gingivalis; three patients were treated for presence of enterics (E. coli and E. cloace); and, in one patient, treatment was directed against S. aureus.Conclusions: Despite treatment and retreatment, seven implants were lost. However, the applied surgical and antimicrobial treatment strategy for advanced peri‐implantitis lesions was successful in 58% of the implants treated during the 5‐year follow‐up period. Smoking seemed to be a negative risk factor for treatment success. J Periodontol 2003;74:1415‐1422.