bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation and experimental investigation of pressure riveting connection using the smoothed particle Galerkin method
Authors: Zhang Jianhui , Huang Tongxiang , Qin Xuan , Yin Changcheng , Yan Xianchao 
Published: January 2025

This paper conducts experimental and numerical simulations of the riveting process using the Smoothed Particle Galerkin (SPG) method. The riveting process involves significant material failure, making precise simulation challenging. Initially, the mechanical process of riveting and quality testing experiments are briefly described. In addition, the SPG method is introduced. The SPG method is a truly meshless method where nodes are connected through keys, and material failure is simulated by the breakage of these keys. This approach avoids the non-physical responses or erroneous failure modes associated with element deletion methods. Subsequently, three-dimensional finite element models for press-in push-out and press-in twist-out are established to simulate the riveting process and meet the requirements for quality testing of riveted joints. Finally, we compare the force–displacement curves obtained from the simulations and experiments: The maximum riveting force measured in the experiments was 18.5 kN, while the simulated value was 17.8 kN, which is 3.78% lower than the experimental value. The maximum push-out force measured in the experiments was 3.2 kN, and the simulated value was 3.39 kN, which is 5.9% higher than the experimental value. The maximum applied torque measured in the experiments was 24.875 N m, while the simulated value was 24.12 N m, which is 3.03% lower than the experimental value. These comparisons validate the accuracy and limitations of the numerical method. Pressure-riveting connections are extensively used in the high-voltage distribution boxes of electric vehicles, and the quality of these connections is crucial for ensuring vehicle safety. Parameters such as the diameter and thickness of the components being connected can significantly affect the quality of the pressure-riveting connection. Accurate simulation of this process can aid in better understanding of the material behavior during riveting and in designing assembly process parameters.
Absorption loss and Kerr nonlinearity in barium titanate waveguides
Authors: Riedhauser Annina , Möhl Charles , Schading Johannes , Caimi Daniele , Indolese David I. , Karg Thomas M. , Seidler Paul 
Published: January 2025

Because of its exceptionally large Pockels coefficient, barium titanate (BaTiO3) is a promising material for various photonic applications at both room and cryogenic temperatures, including electro-optic modulation, frequency comb generation, and microwave-optical transduction. These applications rely on devices with low optical loss to achieve high efficiency. Material absorption sets a lower limit to optical loss and is thus a crucial property to determine, particularly for integrated photonic devices. Using cavity-enhanced photothermal spectroscopy, we measure the absorption loss of BaTiO3 ridge waveguides at wavelengths near 1550 nm to be αabs = 10.9−0.4+5.8 dB m−1, well below the propagation losses due to other sources, such as scattering. We simultaneously determine that the BaTiO3 has a large Kerr nonlinear refractive index of n2,BaTiO3 = 1.8−0.3+0.3 × 10−18 m2 W−1. Considering these results, photonic integrated circuits utilizing BaTiO3 have the potential to achieve significantly higher efficiency than demonstrated to date and are especially interesting for applications exploiting the combination of Pockels and Kerr effects.
“Do not approach men. You will be miserable.”
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhang Luoxiangyu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates a type of internet memes, namely, “misandry memes,” which often exhibit critical
evaluations of heterosexual males and traditional masculinity in China. Drawing on the notion of feminist humor, we examine how
“misandry” memes assemble semiotic resources for humorous effect, reveal perceived sexist realities, and disrupt
dominant gender ideologies. Data were collected through keyword searches on the most visited microblogging site in China, i.e.,
Weibo, totaling a dataset of 63 memes. A multimodal analysis identified seven themes emerging from the data, including
mystification of males, jocular abuse against males, reversal of gender ethics, parody of popular stereotypes of males,
demonstration of feminine superiority, satire of males’ genitalia, and sexual objectification of males. The findings demonstrate
that misandry memes in our dataset playfully challenge traditional gender ideologies that privilege men over women via positioning
women in the social hierarchies of power, while simultaneously unsettling heterosexual males’ privilege, supremacy, and hegemony
in a humorous discourse.
Iterative regularization in classification via hinge loss diagonal descent
Authors: Apidopoulos Vassilis , Poggio Tomaso , Rosasco Lorenzo , Villa Silvia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Iterative regularization is a classic idea in regularization theory, that has recently become popular in machine learning. On the one hand, it allows to design efficient algorithms controlling at the same time numerical and statistical accuracy. On the other hand it allows to shed light on the learning curves observed while training neural networks. In this paper, we focus on iterative regularization in the context of classification. After contrasting this setting with that of linear inverse problems, we develop an iterative regularization approach based on the use of the hinge loss function. More precisely we consider a diagonal approach for a family of algorithms for which we prove convergence as well as rates of convergence and stability results for a suitable classification noise model. Our approach compares favorably with other alternatives, as confirmed by numerical simulations.
Assessment of cell electroporation on nanosecond timescales based on electroporation current
Authors: Guo Yuyi , Kolb Juergen F , Wang Weidong , Wu Xiaodong , Shi Fukun , Zhuang Jie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Electroporation of the cell membrane has been widely used in biology, medicine, and food engineering. However, there is still a lack of direct and real-time characterization methods to investigate the highly rapid dynamic process of nano-electroporation. In this study, voltage and current measurements of cell suspensions, combined with impedance spectroscopy and an equivalent circuit model, were used to calculate macroscopic electroporation current (I
ep). The results demonstrated that high voltage induces rapid pore formation, with I
ep accuracy influenced by waveform smoothness and oscilloscope resolution. Averaging three sampling points (6 ns) effectively minimized the waveform oscillations, allowing for a clear differentiation of changes across varying electric field strengths. Overall, I
ep increased as the electric field strength increased, exhibiting a field strength-dependent manner. Compared to cell membrane conductivity and instantaneous impedance, I
ep is more directly correlated with membrane electroporation and is applicable to various biological samples, including cell suspensions and tissues. This study indicates that based on electrical measurements and a simple circuit model, online monitoring of real-time electroporation processes can be conducted in situ with high temporal resolution, sensitivity, and broad applicability.
Study on electric field shielding in SiO2 and CaF2 vapor cell for Rydberg atom electric field sensors
Authors: Ma Kai , Xiao Dongping , Zhang Huaiqing , Wang Xin , Wei Xutao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The measurement of Rydberg atoms in low-frequency electric fields is hindered due to the shielding effect of the vapor cell against low-frequency electric fields. This study analyzes the electric field shielding effect of Vapor Cell in Rydberg atom electric field sensors, which arises primarily from the polarization charges generated in dielectric materials under electric field influence, as well as the reduced surface resistivity caused by the adsorption of alkali metal atoms on the inner surfaces of the vapor cell. To investigate the electric field shielding resulting from the dielectric materials, we utilized finite element simulation software for analysis and normalized the influencing factors. For the shielding associated with reduced surface resistivity, we measured the electric field transmission coefficients of SiO2 in the 0–60 MHz range using the Stark effect of Rydberg atoms. Additionally, we combined finite element simulations with molecular dynamics analysis software to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the properties of the SiO2 surface after cesium atom adsorption. Building on this foundation, we conducted a simulation analysis of vapor cell made from CaF2. Our results indicate that after cesium atom adsorption, CaF2 retains excellent insulating properties, with a surface resistivity exceeding 1 × 1012 Ω/sq, making it suitable for electric field measurements in the tens of Hz range. Furthermore, we examined the influence of laser transmittance in Vapor Cell on the peak of electromagnetically induced transparency. We measured the laser transmittance of SiO2 and Al2O3 vapor cells and compared these values to the calculated laser transmittance of CaF2. The results revealed that CaF2 exhibits slightly higher laser transmittance than SiO2, demonstrating favorable optical characteristics for use in optical systems. In summary, this research provides significant theoretical insights and experimental support for enhancing the performance of Rydberg atom electric field sensors.
Time-dependent propulsion of fully inertial active stochastic particles: theory and simulations
Authors: Gutierrez-Martinez Luis L , Sandoval Mario 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Up to now, studies on fully inertial (adding mass and moment of inertia) active Brownian particles (IABPs) have only considered a constant propulsion force. This work overcomes this by studying IABPs but with a time-dependent propulsion and analytically characterizes this system by finding its mean-square displacement and effective diffusion for any periodic time-dependent propulsion speed. To exemplify the periodic general expressions, three particular self-propulsion signals are addressed, expressly, a cosine, a square-wave, and a zig-zag propulsion force. Langevin dynamics simulations are also employed to validate the analytical findings.
A novel weak signal reception algorithm integrating a soft-limiter with adaptive stochastic resonance in alpha-stable-distributed noise environments
Authors: Liu Jin , Li Zan , Gao Yue , Yang Li , Wang Danyang , Qi Peihan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The alpha-stable distribution is capable of modeling non-Gaussian impulsive noise, which widely exists in practical applications. Research on weak signal reception with alpha-stable-distributed noise is not only of great significance but also faces substantial challenges. In light of this, an innovative weak signal reception algorithm integrating a soft-limiter with the adaptive stochastic resonance (ASR) technique is proposed. This approach capitalizes on the initial noise suppression capability of the nonlinear soft-limiter, coupled with the unique benefit of the ASR technique in fostering a cooperative resonance effect through automatically adjusting stochastic resonance system parameters, even amidst highly dynamic signal and noise conditions. Through an in-depth quantitative study of the stochastic resonance system mechanism, detailed steps for ASR system implementation are provided. The realization of the ASR system can make full use of the random noise energy transferring to ordered signals, thus achieving the goal of using random noise to enhance weak, useful signals. By employing the ASR system as a weak signal pre-enhancement unit, the performance of weak signal reception in alpha-stable-distributed noise environments can be significantly improved. Finally, extensive numerical simulations are provided to verify the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.
Exploring the relation between transonic dislocation glide and stacking fault width in FCC metals
Authors: Jones Kathryn R , Dang Khanh , Blaschke Daniel N , Fensin Saryu J , Hunter Abigail 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Theory predicts limiting gliding velocities that dislocations cannot overcome. Computational and recent experiments have shown that these limiting velocities are soft barriers and dislocations can reach transonic speeds in high rate plastic deformation scenarios. In this paper we systematically examine the mobility of edge and screw dislocations in several face centered cubic (FCC) metals (Al, Au, Pt, and Ni) in the extreme large-applied-stress regime using molecular dynamics simulations. Our results show that edge dislocations are more likely to move at transonic velocities due to their high mobility and lower limiting velocity than screw dislocations. Importantly, among the considered FCC metals, the dislocation core structure determines the dislocation’s ability to reach transonic velocities. This is likely due to the variation in stacking fault width due to relativistic effects near the limiting velocities.
Validating the galaxy and quasar catalog-level blinding scheme for the DESI 2024 analysis
Authors: Andrade U. , Mena-Fernández J. , Awan H. , Ross A.J. , Brieden S. , Pan J. , de Mattia A. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Alves O. , Brooks D. , Buckley-Geer E. , Chaussidon E. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , de la Macorra A. , Dey A. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gil-Marín H. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Guy J. , Hahn C. , Hanif M.M.S. , Honscheid K. , Howlett C. , Huterer D. , Juneau S. , Kremin A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Mueller E. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A.D. , Nadathur S. , Newman J.A. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Paillas E. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Pinon M. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Pérez-Fernández A. , Rashkovetskyi M. , Rezaie M. , Rossi G. , Sanchez E. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Seo H. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Verde L. , Weaver B.A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the era of precision cosmology, ensuring the integrity of data analysis through blinding techniques is paramount — a challenge particularly relevant for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). DESI represents a monumental effort to map the cosmic web, with the goal to measure the redshifts of tens of millions of galaxies and quasars. Given the data volume and the impact of the findings, the potential for confirmation bias poses a significant challenge. To address this, we implement and validate a comprehensive blind analysis strategy for DESI Data Release 1 (DR1), tailored to the specific observables DESI is most sensitive to: Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), Redshift-Space Distortion (RSD) and primordial non-Gaussianities (PNG). We carry out the blinding at the catalog level, implementing shifts in the redshifts of the observed galaxies to blind for BAO and RSD signals and weights to blind for PNG through a scale-dependent bias. We validate the blinding technique on mocks as well as on data by applying a second blinding layer to perform a series of sanity checks; the latter allows probing complexities in real data not captured in mocks.
We find that the blinding strategy alters the data vector in a controlled way, and the BAO and RSD analysis choices are robust to blinding. The successful validation of the blinding strategy paves the way for the unblinded DESI DR1 analysis, alongside future blind analyses with DESI and other surveys.
Upgrade of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter for High-Luminosity LHC
Authors: Amendola Chiara ,   the CMS collaboration
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) is a homogeneous PbWO4-based detector. The upcoming High-Luminosity upgrade of the CERN LHC will provide detectors with unprecedented instantaneous luminosity, entailing an increase of the average number of proton-proton collisions per bunch crossing up to a value of 200. To cope with such busy environment and with the trigger latency and rate, the ECAL readout and trigger electronics system will be replaced. The front-end electronics will deploy custom ASICs optimised for precise timing, improved signal discrimination, lossless data compression, and fast transmission. Off-detector FPGA processor boards will form trigger primitives and perform basic signal reconstruction. The upgraded system has been validated over several test beam campaigns. In terms of physics performance, it will match the outstanding energy resolution of the current ECAL detector, while significantly enhancing the time resolution of electrons and photons above 50 GeV.
A BMP-2 sustained-release scaffold accelerated bone regeneration in rats via the BMP-2 consistent activation maintained by a non-sulfate polysaccharide
Authors: Sun Jinghe , Gao Rongchun , Qin Ningbo , Yang Jingfeng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and a polysaccharide (SUP) were embedded in the calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold, and the bone repair ability was evaluated. The new scaffolds were characterized using x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform-infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses. CPC-BMP2-SUPH scaffold promoted the BMP-2 release by 1.21 folds of the CPC-BMP2 scaffold on day 3. SUP sustained the release of BMP-2 within 21 d. It enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity by 25.9% in comparison to the CPC scaffold. These results suggest that the SUP consistently activated and sustained BMP-2 release in vitro. Furthermore, the CPC-BMP2-SUPH scaffold activated the BMP-2/Smads and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2) pathways in MC3T3-E1 cells to up-regulate the levels of osteogenic relative genes (BMP-2, bone sialoprotein, collagen 1, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and Runx-2). The in vivo result showed that the bone defect area in the CPC-BMP2-SUPH scaffold-treated Sprague–Dawley rats lessened significantly compared with the CPC group after 4 weeks. CPC-BNP2-SUPH scaffold also improved collagen regeneration in bone. The bone surface and bone volume in the CPC-BMP2-SUPH group improved by 3.68 and 2.17-fold compared with the CPC group, respectively. In conclusion, the CPC-BMP2-SUPH scaffold represents a novel biomaterial capable of accelerating osteoblast differentiation and promoting bone injury repair.
On Hagedorn wavepackets associated with different Gaussians
Authors: Vaníček Jiří J L , Zhang Zhan Tong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hagedorn functions are carefully constructed generalizations of Hermite functions to the setting of many-dimensional squeezed and coupled harmonic systems. Wavepackets formed by superpositions of Hagedorn functions have been successfully used to solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation exactly in harmonic systems and variationally in anharmonic systems. To evaluate typical observables, such as position or kinetic energy, it is sufficient to consider orthonormal Hagedorn functions with a single Gaussian center. Instead, we derive various relations between Hagedorn bases associated with different Gaussians, including their overlaps, which are necessary for evaluating quantities nonlocal in time, such as the time correlation functions needed for computing spectra. First, we use the Bogoliubov transformation to obtain the commutation relations between the ladder operators associated with different Gaussians. Then, instead of using numerical quadrature, we employ these commutation relations to derive exact recurrence relations for the overlap integrals between Hagedorn functions with different Gaussian centers. Finally, we present numerical experiments that demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our algebraic method as well as its suitability for treating problems in spectroscopy and chemical dynamics.
First return times on sparse random graphs
Authors: Evnin Oleg , Horinouchi Weerawit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider random walks in the form of nearest-neighbor hopping on Erdős–Rényi random graphs of finite fixed mean degree c as the number of vertices N tends to infinity. In this regime, using statistical field theory methods, we develop an analytic theory of the first return time probability distribution. The problem turns out closely related to finding the spectrum of the normalized graph Laplacian that controls the continuum time version of the nearest-neighbor-hopping random walk. In the infinite graph limit, where loops are highly improbable, the returns operate in a manner qualitatively similar to c-regular trees, and the expressions for probabilities resemble those on random c-regular graphs. Because the vertex degrees are not exactly constant, however, the way c enters the formulas differs from the dependence on the graph degree of first return probabilities on random regular graphs.
Exact analysis of the two-dimensional asymmetric simple exclusion process with attachment and detachment of particles
Authors: Ishiguro Yuki , Sato Jun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) is a paradigmatic driven-diffusive system that describes the asymmetric diffusion of particles with hardcore interactions in a lattice. Although the ASEP is known as an exactly solvable model where physical quantities can be evaluated without approximations, most exact results are limited to one-dimensional systems. Recently, the exact steady states in the multi-dimensional ASEP have been proposed (Ishiguro and Sato 2024 Phys. Rev. Res.
6 033030). The research focused on the situations where the number of particles is conserved. In this paper, we consider the two-dimensional ASEP with attachment and detachment of particles (ASEP-LK), where particle number conservation is violated. By applying the results from (Ishiguro and Sato 2024 Phys. Rev. Res.
6 033030), we construct the exact steady states of the ASEP-LK and reveal their properties through the exact computation of physical quantities.