bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verification of a new gene on Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome III
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Dietrich Fred S. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractWe present verification of the existence of a previously unannotated, intron‐containing gene of 134 amino acids (predicted molecular weight ∼15.5 kDa) located on chromosome III of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Strains carrying a deletion of this gene, which we have called YCL012C, reveal no apparent phenotype. Orthologues of YCL012C are present in related species S. bayanus, S. paradoxus and Ashbya gossypii. Comparison with other fungal sequences reveals that orthologues of this gene are likely present in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Neurospora crassa and Cryptococcus neoformans as well, indicating that YCL012C is a widely conserved fungal gene. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subject‐specific finite element analysis of the human medial collateral ligament during valgus knee loading
Authors: Gardiner John C. , Weiss Jeffrey A. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe objectives of this study were (1) to develop subject‐specific experimental and finite element (FE) techniques to study the three‐dimensional stress–strain behavior of ligaments, with application to the human medial collateral ligament (MCL), and (2) to determine the importance of subject‐specific material properties and initial (in situ) strain distribution for prediction of the strain distribution in the MCL under valgus loading. Eight male knees were subjected to varus–valgus loading at flexion angles of 0°, 30°, and 60°. Three‐dimensional joint kinematics and MCL strains were recorded during kinematic testing. Following testing, the MCL of each knee was removed to allow measurement of the in situ strain distribution and to perform material testing. A FE model of the femur–MCL–tibia complex was constructed for each knee to simulate valgus loading at each flexion angle, using subject‐specific bone and ligament geometry, material properties, and joint kinematics. A transversely isotropic hyperelastic material model was used to represent the MCL. The MCL in situ strain distribution at full extension was used to apply in situ strain to each MCL FE model. FE predicted MCL strains during valgus loading were compared to experimental measurements using regression analysis. The subject‐specific FE predictions of strain correlated reasonably well with experimentally measured MCL strains (R2 = 0.83, 0.72, and 0.66 at 0°, 30°, and 60°, respectively). Despite large inter‐subject variation in MCL material properties, MCL strain distributions predicted by individual FE models that used average MCL material properties were strongly correlated with subject‐specific FE strain predictions (R2 = 0.99 at all flexion angles). However, predictions by FE models that used average in situ strain distributions yielded relatively poor correlations with subject‐specific FE predictions (R2 = 0.44, 0.35, and 0.33 at flexion angles of 0°, 30°, and 60°, respectively). The strain distribution within the MCL was nonuniform and changed with flexion angle. The highest MCL strains occurred at full extension in the posterior region of the MCL proximal to the joint line during valgus loading, suggesting this region may be most vulnerable to injury under these loading conditions. This work demonstrates that subject‐specific FE models can predict the complex, nonuniform strain fields that occur in ligaments due to external loading of the joint. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Quantifying thumb rotation during circumduction utilizing a video technique
Authors: Coert J. H. , van Dijke G. A. Hoek , Hovius S. E. R. , Snijders C. J. , Meek M. F. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThumb rotation is an essential component of circumduction in order to achieve pulp to pulp contact. In order to evaluate opponensplasty, a device was developed to quantify thumb rotation utilizing a special jig to hold the hand and video analysis. Twenty‐seven healthy volunteers (12 female and 15 male) were tested to obtain normative data. Thumb rotation was measured as the difference in angle between the thumb in abduction and extension and maximal circumduction. Rotation angles varied from 70° to 110°. No gender or right/left differences could be detected. We concluded that comparing rotation of the non‐injured hand to the injured hand in evaluating opponensplasties can be used as an accurate measurement of thumb circumduction and opposition. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Genetic Counselors' Experiences with Paternal Involvement in Prenatal Genetic Counseling Sessions: An Exploratory Investigation
Authors: Lafans Richard S. , Veach Patricia McCarthy , LeRoy Bonnie S. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractLimited research exists concerning male partners' participation in prenatal genetic counseling (R. Kenen, A. C. M. Smith, C. Watkins, & C. Zuber‐Pitore, J. Genet Corns 9, 33–45, 2000). To further understand paternal participation, we interviewed 17 experienced prenatal genetic counselors to assess their perspectives on this issue. We investigated 6 research questions: 1) How do genetic counselors define paternal involvement, 2) how do they determine and address problematic involvement, 3) what factors influence involvement, 4) was paternal involvement addressed in training, 5) how might training be improved, and 6) how do participant strategies for addressing involvement compare to those of marriage/family therapists? Qualitative analysis revealed that 1) participants regard paternal involvement asimportant; 2) most address problematic involvement with strategies similar to those of marital/family therapists; 3) influential factors include male partner's characteristics, the couple's relationship (including culturalpractices), and pregnancy factors; and 4) participants received little or notraining on paternal involvement and recommended didactic and experientialactivities. Implications and research recommendations are presented.
Psychosocial Genetic Counseling in the Post‐Nondirective Era: A Point of View
Authors: Weil Jon 
Published: June 2003

AbstractFor three decades nondirectiveness has served as the central ethos for genetic counseling. It has evolved from narrow definitions defining what should not be done to broad definitions that promote active counseling skills in support of client autonomy and informed decision making. As broad definitions have been formulated, the term “nondirective” has become largely irrelevant to their content; it persists primarily as a historic relic. It has thus become an impediment to creative theory and clinical practice. I propose that nondirectiveness be replaced as the central ethos, while relevant components (providing balanced information, not imposing the counselor's values) are retained as elements of practice and ethics. This raises the question of what principle(s) should be adopted as a new guiding ethos. To promote a discussion of that issue I propose that the central ethos of genetic counseling should be to bring the psychosocial component into every aspect of the work.
Reducing Psychological Distress in a Genetic Counseling Consultation for Breast Cancer
Authors: Duric Vlatka , Butow Phyllis , Sharpe Louise , Lobb Elizabeth , Meiser Bettina , Barratt Alexandra , Tucker Katherine 
Published: June 2003

AbstractHigh levels of cancer specific distress have been found before and after genetic counseling for breast cancer. This study investigated the process of reducing distress during 111 genetic counseling consultations for familial breast cancer. Consultations were audiotaped, transcribed, and a detailed coding system developed to measure cues of emotional distress from the patient, and consultant (clinical geneticist or genetic counselor) behaviors before and after the cues. At least 1 emotional cue was given in 64 consultations, with a median of 1 cue per consultation. More emotional cues of distress occurred when the consultant responded empathetically to the first cue of distress. Satisfaction outcomes were largely positive regardless of the consultant's attentiveness to distress. Postconsultation depression scores were significantly reduced if more empathic responses were given, but anxiety remained the same. These results are discussed and recommendations are made for improving patient care.
MMPI‐2 F scale elevations in adult victims of child sexual abuse
Authors: Flitter Jill M. Klotz , Elhai Jon D. , Gold Steven N. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe present study assessed whether the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory—2 (MMPI‐2) F scale elevations may reflect genuine trauma‐related distress and/or psychopathology, rather than malingering, in a clinical sample of adult child sexual abuse (CSA) victims. Eighty‐eight women seeking outpatient treatment for CSA after‐effects participated. Self‐report measures of dissociation, posttraumatic stress, depression, and family environment individually correlated significantly with F, and collectively accounted for 40% of its variance. Dissociation was the strongest predictor. Findings suggest that high F elevations may reflect genuine problem areas often found among CSA victims, rather than symptom overreporting.
Participation in trauma research: Is there evidence of harm?
Authors: Griffin Michael G. , Resick Patricia A. , Waldrop Angela E. , Mechanic Mindy B. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractFew studies have examined the impact of trauma research participation upon trauma survivors. Empirical data regarding reactions to research participation would be very useful to address the question of whether it is harmful for trauma survivors to participate in trauma studies. We examined participant reactions to different trauma assessment procedures in domestic violence (N = 260), rape (N = 108), and physical assault (N = 62) samples. Results indicated that participation was very well tolerated by the vast majority of the trauma survivors. Participants generally found that the assessment experience was not distressing and was, in fact, viewed as an interesting and valuable experience. The findings suggest that trauma survivors are not too fragile to participate in trauma research even in the acute aftermath of a traumatic experience.
Effects of context and question type on endorsement of childhood sexual abuse
Authors: Fricker Adrienne E. , Smith Daniel W. , Davis Joanne L. , Hanson Rochelle F. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractUse of contextual information and behaviorally specific questions have been found to detect higher rates of child sexual abuse (CSA); however, no study has examined the use of contextual information or question type within 1 study. This study examined 236 college students randomly assigned to 1 of 4 conditions: noncontext/label questions, noncontext/specific question, context/label questions, context/specific questions. Reported history of CSA did not differ across presentation of videotaped contextual information. However, respondents endorsed behaviorally specific questions significantly more (32%) than label questions (9%). Results suggest that researchers and clinicians attempting to detect childhood victimization history should utilize multiple behaviorally specific screening questions.
The relationship between self‐disclosure and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in peacekeepers deployed to Somalia
Authors: Bolton Elisa E. , Glenn D. Michael , Orsillo Susan , Roemer Lizabeth , Litz Brett T. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe challenges of peacekeeping place individuals at risk for the development of significant psychological distress (e.g., B. T. Litz, S. Orsillo, M. Freidman, P. Ehlich, & A. Batres, 1997). Self‐disclosure has been shown to ameliorate psychological distress following exposure to potentially traumatic events (J. W. Pennebaker & K. D. Harber, 1993). Sharing, or self‐disclosure of deployment‐related experiences, was the focus of this study and was hypothesized to be associated with adaptation. As part of a larger investigation, 426 U.S. military personnel who served as peacekeepers in Somalia were administered a comprehensive psychosocial questionnaire that included measures of exposure to negative and potentially traumatic experiences, reception at homecoming, self‐disclosure, and PTSD symptom severity. The results indicate that adjustment to peacekeeping is significantly related to self‐disclosure, especially to supportive significant others.
Time does not heal all wounds: Quality of life and psychological distress of people who survived the Holocaust as children 55 years later
Authors: Amir Marianne , Lev‐Wiesel Rachel 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe present study assessed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, psychological distress, and subjective quality of life (QoL) in a group of 43 child Holocaust survivors and a community sample of 44 persons who had not personally experienced the Holocaust. The participants were administered the PTSD‐Scale, the SCL‐90, and the WHOQOL‐Bref. Results showed that the child survivors had higher PTSD symptom scores, higher depression, anxiety, somatization, and anger–hostility scores; and lower physical, psychological, and social QoL than did the comparison group. The findings suggest that the psychological consequences of being a child during the Holocaust can be long lasting.
Service utilization and outcomes in medically ill veterans with posttraumatic stress and depressive disorders
Authors: Kramer Teresa L. , Booth Brenda M. , Han Xiaotong , Williams D. Keith 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThis study examined behavioral health service utilization, health‐related quality of life, and psychological distress in medically hospitalized male veterans (N = 743) with and without current or lifetime comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive disorder. Participants completed psychiatric and psychosocial self‐report measures at baseline and follow‐up. Clinical/functional status and service utilization rates were compared for patients with PTSD only, depressive disorder only, comorbid PTSD/depressive disorder, and neither disorder. Patients with PTSD/depressive disorder were more likely to use mental health/substance abuse services, have longer lenghts of stay, and report more psychological distress than others. Results indicate that screening, early detection, and referral are critical in treating these comorbid patients because of increased psychological distress and high service‐use rates.
Children's memory for trauma and positive experiences
Authors: Berliner Lucy , Hyman Ira , Thomas Ayanna , Fitzgerald Monica 
Published: June 2003

AbstractCharacteristics of children's memory for a trauma and for a positive event were compared and relationships of memory characteristics to trauma symptoms examined in 30 children who experienced a traumatic event. Results revealed that memories for trauma tended to have less sensory detail and coherence, yet have more meaning and impact than did memories for positive experiences. Sexual traumas, offender relationship, and perceived life threat were associated with memory characteristics. Few relationships between memory characteristics and trauma symptoms were found. Therapist ratings of child memory characteristics were correlated with some child trauma memory characteristic reports. These results are consistent with other studies. Possible explanations include divided attention during the traumatic event and cognitive avoidance occurring after the event.
Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on heart rate variability during REM sleep in female rape victims with PTSD
Authors: Nishith Pallavi , Duntley Stephen P. , Domitrovich Peter P. , Uhles Matthew L. , Cook Brenda J. , Stein Phyllis K. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractSix female rape victims with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were assessed for sleep disturbances. Five responded to cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) and one did not complete treatment. Sympatho‐vagal balance was measured using heart rate variability (HRV) during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The treatment responders significantly decreased on HRV while the noncompleter increased. The responders also significantly decreased on sleep disturbances. The noncompleter remained unchanged. Thus a remission in PTSD symptoms following CBT accompanied a reduction in the HRV indicator of sympathetic predominance in REM sleep.
Sensitivity and specificity of the PTSD checklist in detecting PTSD in female veterans in primary care
Authors: Lang Ariel J. , Laffaye Charlene , Satz Leslie E. , Dresselhaus Timothy R. , Stein Murray B. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractPTSD affects a substantial number of women in medical settings and is associated with significant distress and impairment. There are effective methods of treating trauma‐related distress, but a minority seek such care. Thus, primary care is an important setting in which to identify individuals with PTSD. We sent questionnaires, including the PTSD Checklist—Civilian Version (PCL‐C), to 419 female veterans who were seen in our primary care clinic in 1998; 56% (N = 221) returned the measures. A random subset (n = 49) was interviewed to establish psychiatric diagnoses. The results provide qualified support for the use of the PCL‐C total score with a lowered cutoff score as a screening measure for PTSD in female veterans in primary care.
Rapid isolation, characterization, and glycan analysis of Cup a 1, the major all_ergen of Arizona cypress (Cupressus arizonica) pollen
Authors: Alisi C. , Afferni C. , Iacovacci P. , Barletta B. , Tinghino R. , Butteroni C. , Puggioni E. M. R. , Wilson I. B. H. , Federico R. , Schininà M. E. , Ariano R. , Di Felice G. , Pini C. 
Published: June 2003

Background: A rapid method for the purification of the major 43‐kDa all_ergen of Cupressus arizonica pollen, Cup a 1, was developed. Methods: The salient feature was a wash of the pollen in acidic buffer, followed by an extraction of the proteins and their purification by chromatography. Immunoblotting, ELISA, and lectin binding were tested on both the crude extract and the purified Cup a 1. Biochemical analyses were performed to assess the Cup a 1 isoelectric point, its partial amino‐acid sequence, and its glycan composition. Results: Immunochemical analysis of Cup a 1 confirmed that the all_ergenic reactivity is maintained after the purification process. Partial amino‐acid sequencing indicated a high degree of homology between Cup a 1 and all_ergenic proteins from the Cupressaceae and Taxodiaceae families displaying a similar molecular mass. The purified protein shows one band with an isoelectric point of 5.2. Nineteen out of 33 sera (57%) from patients all_ergic to cypress demonstrated significant reactivity to purified Cup a 1. MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry indicated the presence of three N‐linked oligosaccharide structures: GnGnXF3 (i.e., a horseradish peroxidase‐type oligosaccharide substituted with two nonreducing N‐acetylglucosamine residues), GGnXF3/GnGXF3 (i.e., GnGnXF with one nonreducing galactose residue), and (GF)GnXF3/Gn(GF)XF3 (with a Lewisa epitope on one arm) in the molar ratio 67:8:23. Conclusions: The rapid purification process of Cup a 1 all_owed some fine studies on its properties and structure, as well as the evaluation of its IgE reactivity in native conditions. The similarities of amino‐acid sequences and some complex glycan stuctures could explain the high degree of cross‐reactivity among the Cupressaceae and Taxodiaceae families.
Periurethral connective tissue status of postmenopausal women with genital prolapse with and without stress incontinence
Authors: Goepel Christian , Hefler Lukas , Methfessel Hans‐Dietrich , Koelbl Heinz 
Published: June 2003

Objective.  Connective tissue consists mainly of collagen and structural glycoproteins and is considered an important factor of the supportive structures of the genitourinary region. Few data have been published as yet with respect to the role of connective tissue in pelvic floor relaxation and genuine stress incontinence (GSI). We compared periurethral connective tissue structures between continent and incontinent postmenopausal women with genital prolapse.Methods.  Twenty‐nine women underwent pelvic floor reconstructive surgery (anterior colporrhaphy: n = 29, sacrospinous fixation: n = 12), with biopsies obtained from the periurethral region. Fifteen patients and 14 women were incontinent and continent, respectively. Tissue samples were investigated for localization and distribution of collagen (types I, III, IV, V, VI) and glycoproteins (fibronectin, laminin, vitronectin) using immunofluorescent microscopic techniques.Results.  Collagen types I, III, IV, V, and VI were found in all tissue samples. Compared with the continent women, the tissue samples of the incontinent women showed a significantly weaker immunohistochemical staining of type I, III, and VI collagen. No difference in staining patterns of collagen type IV and V, fibronectin, and laminin was observed between the two groups. Intact vitronectin was found in the periurethral tissues of all the continent women, whereas this glycoprotein was either absent or fragmented in the incontinent women.Conclusions.  Our results indicate an altered metabolism of connective tissue in the periurethral region with a significant decrease of collagen and vitronectin expression in postmenopausal women with pelvic floor relaxation with and without GSI.
Differential expression of T‐helper cytokines in the peritoneal fluid of women with normal ovarian cycle compared with women with chronic anovulation
Authors: Omu Alexander E. , Al‐Azemi Majedah K. , Makhseed Ma'asoumah , Al‐Oattan Fawzia , Ismail Amal A. , Al‐Tahir Sami , Al‐Busiri Nasser 
Published: June 2003

Background.  Estrogen and progesterone immunoregulate the genital environment by expression of cytokines and growth factors.Objective.  To investigate the pattern of expression of T‐helper cytokines during the ovarian cycle compared with women with chronic anovulation resistant to clomiphene citrate.Hypothesis.  Expression of T‐helper cytokines in women with chronic anovulation may be different from the pattern in women with a normal ovarian cycle.Methods.  We evaluated 31 infertile women having laparoscopy for evaluation of tubal patency and evidence of ovulation in two groups during (a) the luteal phase (17 women) and (b) the follicular phase (14 women). A third group was composed of 14 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, but they were resistant to clomiphene citrate for induction of ovulation and had laparoscopic ovarian cautery. Peritoneal fluid was collected during laproscopy. Estimation of T‐helper cytokine interleukin (IL)‐2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, IL‐4 and IL‐6 in serum, peritoneal fluid and culture of the peritoneal mononuclear cells was performed by ELISA. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, estradiol and progesterone were evaluated by the Vidas Parametric System.Results.  The LH : FSH ratio was significantly higher in the women with polycystic ovaries than in the ovulatory groups. IL‐2 and IFN‐γ were more highly expressed in the follicular phase but the T‐helper 2 cytokines IL‐4 and IL‐6 predominated in the luteal phase, serum, peritoneal fluid and culture of the peritoneal mononuclear cells. From the follicular to the mid‐luteal phase, IL‐6 increased three to fivefold in the serum and peritoneal fluid, but there was low expression with anovulation.Conclusions.  The peritoneal fluid levels of IL‐4 and IL‐6 are higher in the luteal phase. Low IL‐6 levels in chronic anovulation may be a marker of resistance to clomiphene citrate.