bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding exogenous factors and biological mechanisms for cognitive frailty: a multidisciplinary scoping review
Authors: Holland Carol , Dravecz Nikolett , Owens Lauren , Benedetto Alexandre , Dias Irundika , Gow Alan , Broughton Susan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCognitive frailty (CF) is the conjunction of cognitive impairment without dementia and physical frailty. While predictors of each element are well-researched, mechanisms of their co-occurrence have not been integrated, particularly in terms of relationships between social, psychological, and biological factors. This interdisciplinary scoping review set out to categorise a heterogenous multidisciplinary literature to identify potential pathways and mechanisms of CF, and research gaps. Studies were included if they used the definition of CF OR focused on conjunction of cognitive impairment and frailty, AND excluded studies on specific disease populations, interventions, epidemiology or prediction of mortality. Searches used Web of Science, PubMed and Science Direct. Search terms included “cognitive frailty” OR ((“cognitive decline” OR “cognitive impairment”) AND (frail*)), with terms to elicit mechanisms, predictors, causes, pathways and risk factors. To ensure inclusion of animal and cell models, keywords such as “behavioural” or “cognitive decline” or “senescence”, were added. 206 papers were included. Descriptive analysis provided high-level categorisation of determinants from social and environmental through psychological to biological. Patterns distinguishing CF from Alzheimer’s disease were identified and social and psychological moderators and mediators of underlying biological and physiological changes and of trajectories of CF development were suggested as foci for further research.HighlightsSpecific impairments in cognition distinguish cognitive frailty from early dementias.Depression mediates links between frailty and cognitive impairment in aging.Psychosocial and environmental factors impact underlying biological processes.Health behaviour and population interventions could prevent or reverse cognitive frailty.Development of model organism models of cognitive frailty is needed.
Fuel savings on missed approach through aircraft reinjection
Authors: Carmona María , Casado González Rafael , Bermúdez Aurelio , Pérez-Francisco Miguel , Boronat Pablo , Calafate Carlos 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
In the aerial transportation area, fuel costs are critical to the economic viability of companies, and so urgent measures should be adopted to avoid any unnecessary increase in operational costs. In particular, this paper addresses the case of missed approach manouevres, showing that it is still possible to optimize the usual procedure.

Design/methodology/approach
The costs involved in a standard procedure following a missed approach are analysed through a simulation model, and they are compared with the improvements achieved with a fast reinjection scheme proposed in a prior work.

Findings
Experimental results show that, for a standard A320 aircraft, fuel savings ranging from 55% to 90% can be achieved through the reinjection method.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is the first study in the literature addressing the fuel savings benefits obtained by applying a reinjection technique for missed approach manoeuvres.
Visual assessment of fashion merchandising based on scene saliency
Authors: He Huazhou , Xu Pinghua , Jia Jing , Sun Xiaowan , Cao Jingwen 
Published: January 2024

PurposeFashion merchandising hold a paramount position within the realm of retail marketing. Currently, the purpose of this article is that the assessment of display effectiveness predominantly relies on the subjective judgment of merchandisers due to the absence of an effective evaluation method. Although eye-tracking devices have found extensive used in tracking the gaze trajectory of subject, they exhibit limitations in terms of stability when applied to the evaluation of various scenes. This underscores the need for a dependable, user-friendly and objective assessment method.Design/methodology/approachTo develop a cost-effective and convenient evaluation method, the authors introduced an image processing framework for the assessment of variations in the impact of store furnishings. An optimized visual saliency methodology that leverages a multiscale pyramid model, incorporating color, brightness and orientation features, to construct a visual saliency heatmap. Additionally, the authors have established two pivotal evaluation indices aimed at quantifying attention coverage and dispersion. Specifically, bottom features are extract from 9 distinct scale images which are down sampled from merchandising photographs. Subsequently, these extracted features are amalgamated to form a heatmap, serving as the focal point of the evaluation process. The authors have proposed evaluation indices dedicated to measuring visual focus and dispersion, facilitating a precise quantification of attention distribution within the observed scenes.FindingsIn comparison to conventional saliency algorithm, the optimization method yields more intuitive feedback regarding scene contrast. Moreover, the optimized approach results in a more concentrated focus within the central region of the visual field, a pattern in alignment with physiological research findings. The results affirm that the two defined indicators prove highly effective in discerning variations in visual attention across diverse brand store displays.Originality/valueThe study introduces an intelligent and cost-effective objective evaluate method founded upon visual saliency. This pioneering approach not only effectively discerns the efficacy of merchandising efforts but also holds the potential for extension to the assessment of fashion advertisements, home design and website aesthetics.
ESD action competencies of future teachers: self-perception and competence profile analysis
Authors: García-Fortes María Ángeles , Banos-González Isabel , Esteve-Guirao Patricia 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to analyse the self-perception of future secondary school teachers (FTs) of biology about their education for sustainable development (ESD) competencies and evaluate the competence profile they develop in their educational proposals.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed methodological approach was used to analyse 162 FTs’ ESD action competencies as proposed by UNECE. Firstly, a six-point Likert-type scale questionnaire is used to explore their self-perception of the level of acquisition of these competencies. Then, a rubric is applied to analyse the competence profile when designing educational proposals to address socio-environmental issues related to consumption and waste generation. Besides descriptive analysis, inferential statistics were used to assess the significance of the differences detected between the competencies.

Findings
FTs self-perceive a partial acquisition of ESD action competencies, in line with their competence profile. Where they recognise and show significant difficulties is in assessing learning outcomes in terms of changes and achievements. Similarly, their best perception and competence profile is achieved in the approach to contextualised situations in the students’ lives. There are also some discrepancies between their perception and their profile. In particular, FTs regard themselves as very competent in considering different dimensions and perspectives of the issues, but this is precisely where they reveal a lower competence profile.

Originality/value
This study applies a fully replicable rubric for the assessment of teachers’ ESD competencies when designing proposals to address socio-environmental issues. This assessment allows one to approach the sustainability competencies that they will promote in their classrooms.
Paternalistic leadership, efficacy beliefs and followers' performance: testing a multilevel model
Authors: Chan Simon C.H. 
Published: January 2024

PurposeUsing a multilevel model, this study examined how paternalistic leadership behaviors, including authoritarianism, morality and benevolence, influence followers' performance.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 556 leader–follower dyads from 66 groups in a manufacturing firm in China was collected for analysis. Descriptive statistics and multi-level regression analyses were used to analyze the data.FindingsThe results indicated that group efficacy mediates the relationship between authoritarian leadership and followers' performance and that self-efficacy mediates the relationship between benevolent leadership and followers' performance. In addition, the positive relationship between self-efficacy and followers' performance is weaker when followers exhibit higher levels of group efficacy.Research limitations/implicationsThe data were collected in a manufacturing firm in China, it is difficult to generalize the results to other settings.Practical implicationsManagers should use their abilities and skills to interpret which paternalistic leadership styles their followers prefer, so as to improve their performance.Originality/valueThis study developed a multilevel model to examine the mediating processes of group efficacy and self-efficacy in the effect of PL behaviors, including authoritarianism, benevolence and morality, on followers' performance.
Analysis of the effect of growth strategies and hotel attributes on performance
Authors: Martorell Cunill Onofre , Otero Luis , Durán Santomil Pablo , Gil Lafuente Jaime 
Published: January 2024

PurposeIn this vein, this paper aims to provide empirical evidence on the following questions: Which expansion strategies offer better operational and economic performance? What effects does performance-related diversification have? How do other factors such as size, quality, service offered, location or seasonality interact with performance.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the analysis of the effects of growth strategies and hotel attributes on performance is carried out with a sample of 255 hotels that operate internationally. Using panel data and quantile regression, this study evaluates the effect of expansion and diversification on the hotels’ performance.FindingsFrom these findings, it appears that the equity strategy (own hotels) outperforms non-equity strategies (hotels under rental, franchise and management contract) at the operational level. However, the economic return of the property, both adjusted and unadjusted to risk, is lower under the property ownership strategy than under the franchise and management strategies because, in general, it requires a higher investment. Regarding diversification, the growth strategy based on related diversification in food and beverage services has a negative impact on performance, calling into question the synergies between the two businesses. However, an exception to this effect is seen among those hotels, mainly those in the Caribbean, that opt to provide all-inclusive services, since these hotels achieve better occupancy rates and more stable results.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has not taken into account the effect of hotel property revaluation on the performance of the ownership strategy, as there is no information on the historical average revaluation at the level of each individual hotel. This study has also been unable to include information regarding the level of competition and seasonality of sales.Originality/valueThis paper considers a wide number of factors that can influence the performance of hotels. Second, this is the only paper that studies the impact of growth strategies from the point of view of the hotel chain. Also, the sample considered uses data at the individual level on hotels and this research analyses not only operational performance but also economic performance.
Decrypting the specifics of professional football club investments: Why? What? How? An integrative review
Authors: Kirsch Benedikt , Sauer Tim , Zülch Henning 
Published: January 2024

PurposeSince the beginning of the 2000s, investors have more frequently invested into professional football clubs, thereby radically changing the industry landscape. This review's purpose is to analyze and synthesize the state of research to understand motives, roles and implications of football club investors, and to provide recommendations for further research.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents an integrative literature review by identifying relevant English articles based on the search terms investor, owner, investment, ownership, shareholder and stakeholder in combination with soccer or football. Around 2,431 articles were reviewed. A total of 129 relevant articles was analyzed and synthesized within eight subject areas.FindingsInvestors in professional club football is a young research stream with a clear European focus. Investor motives and roles are diverse and implications are multidimensional. Investors mostly aim for indirect returns rather than pure profit- or win-maximization.Research limitations/implicationsFootball clubs comprise an own investment class for which the identified, unique specifics must be considered to develop a financially successful investment model. Thorough academic research of investors' inherent characteristics, investor-club pairings and the pillars of long-term strategies for successful investor-club liaisons are avenues of future research. Furthermore, the results illustrate the need for research outside of Europe.Originality/valueThe paper is the first systematic, integrative review of existing literature in the domain of equity investments into professional club football. The findings genuinely show that, depending on the investor type and ownership structure, investors have a wide impact in professional club football.
‘Staying in the lane’ of public health? Boundary‐work in the roles of state health officials and experts in COVID‐19 policymaking
Authors: Esmonde Katelyn , Jones Jeff , Johns Michaela , Hutler Brian , Faden Ruth , Barnhill Anne 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe state‐level COVID‐19 response in the United States necessitated collaboration between governor' offices, health departments and numerous other departments and outside experts. To gain insight into how health officials and experts contributed to advising on COVID‐19 policies, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with 25 individuals with a health specialisation who were involved in COVID‐19 policymaking, taking place between February and December 2022. We found two diverging understandings of the role of health officials and experts in COVID‐19 policymaking: the role of ‘staying in the lane’ of public health in terms of the information that they collected, their advocacy for policies and their area of expertise and the role of engaging in the balancing of multiple considerations, such as public health, feasibility and competing objectives (such as the economy) in the crafting of pandemic policy. We draw on the concept of boundary‐work to examine how these roles were constructed. We conclude by considering the appropriateness as well as the ethical implications of these two approaches to public health policymaking.
Opinion incongruence and public support for direct decision‐making
Authors: VAN DIJK LISA , VANBROEKHOVEN WOUTER , MARIEN SOFIE 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPolitical representation does not function well for citizens whose positions on political issues differ from those of elected representatives. In this paper, we argue that opinion incongruence leads citizens to want to bypass elected representatives and place more decision‐making power in the hands of the public. We theorise that this is because incongruent citizens are highly dissatisfied with the existing political system and/or think they will benefit from direct decision‐making in terms of improved policy responsiveness. Using data from the 2019 Belgian Election Survey (n = 3413) and Party Leadership Survey, we find that greater incongruence between citizens’ positions and those of their elected representatives is related to higher support for direct decision‐making. This holds for opinion incongruence with the party voted for and incongruence with Parliament as a whole. This paper contributes novel insights into the consequences of the quality of political representation as well as the drivers of citizens’ support for direct decision‐making processes.
The symbiotic effects of energy consumption, globalization, and combustible renewables and waste on ecological footprint in the United Kingdom
Authors: Eweade Babatunde Sunday , Akadiri Ada Chigozie , Olusoga Kehinde O. , Bamidele Ruth Oluyemi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effects of energy consumption, globalization, and combustible renewable waste consumption on the ecological footprint in the United Kingdom. The study utilizes data from 1970 to 2015 using econometrics techniques, including the Fourier autoregressive Distributive Lag (Fourier ADL) co‐integration test, autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL), and co‐integrating regression. The results of the Fourier ADL and ARDL bounds tests indicate a long‐term relationship among the variables examined. The outcomes of the ARDL model and co‐integrating regression tests demonstrate that globalization, energy consumption, and economic growth contribute positively to the ecological footprint. However, there is a negative impact of combustible renewable waste on the ecological footprint. Furthermore, the gradual shift causality test identifies a one‐way causal relationship between the ecological footprint and the investigated variables. The study acclaims that the British government should prioritize implementing policies to transition to sustainable and renewable energy sources.
Isolated injury of the caudate lobe of the liver due to cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Lee Nadia , Chan Shijia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChest compressions are the mainstay of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Secondary injuries are frequently reported, most frequently to the thorax and less frequently to the abdomen. Review of existing literature highlights liver lacerations as the most common abdominal injury following cardiopulmonary resuscitation; however, an isolated hepatic caudate lobe injury due to CPR has not yet been reported. We discuss existing literature regarding resuscitation‐related injuries, report a case of an isolated hepatic caudate lobe injury due to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and discuss possible mechanisms of injury.
Varying precipitation conditions allow directing the composition and physical properties of soy protein concentrates
Authors: Li Jiashu , Janssen Frederik , Verfaillie Diete , Brijs Kristof , Delcour Jan A. , Van Royen Geert , Wouters Arno G. B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSoy protein concentrates (SPCs) are common food ingredients. They typically contain 65% (w/w) protein and ∼30% (w/w) carbohydrate. SPCs can be obtained with various protein precipitation conditions. A systematic study of the impact of these different protein precipitation protocols on the SPC protein composition and physical properties is still lacking. Here, SPCs were prepared via three different protocols, that is, isoelectric (pH 3.5–5.5), aqueous ethanol (50%–70% [v/v]), and Ca2+ ion (5–50 mM) based precipitations, and analyzed for (protein) composition, protein thermal properties, dispersibility, and water‐holding capacity. SPCs precipitated at pH 5.5 or by adding 15 mM Ca2+ ions had a lower 7S/11S globulin ratio (∼0.40) than that (∼0.50) of all other SPC samples. Protein in SPCs obtained by isoelectric precipitation denatured at a significantly higher temperature than those in ethanol‐ or Ca2+‐precipitated SPCs. Precipitation with 50%–60% (v/v) ethanol resulted in pronounced denaturation of 2S albumin and 7S globulin fractions in SPCs. Additionally, increasing the precipitation pH from 3.5 to 5.5 and increasing the Ca2+ ion concentration from 15 to 50 mM caused a strong decrease of both the dispersibility of the protein in SPC and its water‐holding capacity at pH 7.0. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the SPC production process can be directed to obtain ingredients with versatile protein physicochemical properties toward potential food applications.Practical ApplicationThis study demonstrates that applying different protein precipitation protocols allows obtaining SPCs that vary widely in (protein) composition and physical properties (such as protein dispersibility and water‐holding capacity). These varying traits can greatly influence the suitability of SPCs as functional ingredients for specific applications, such as the production of food foams, emulsions, gels, and plant‐based meat alternatives. The generated knowledge may allow targeted production of SPCs for specific applications.
Effects of oral and intranasal resveratrol nanoparticle administration on neurodegeneration and neuronal dysfunction in a model of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Shamsher Ehtesham , Khan Reas , Davis Benjamin , Dine Kimberly , Luong Vy , Somavarapu Satyanarayana , Cordeiro Maria Francesca , Shindler Kenneth 
Published: January 2024

Aims/Purpose: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Immunomodulatory treatments seek to reduce inflammation in MS but have limited effect on neurodegeneration. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties which could be neuroprotective in MS. The purpose of this study is to compare the oral and intranasal administration of resveratrol nanoparticles (RN) in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS with ocular and neurological endpoints.Methods: RN were formulated using a thin rehydration technique. In the 1st experiment, 16.9 mg/kg RN (n = 6) or equivalent vehicle (n = 5) were given orally to EAE mice daily for 30 days. In the 2nd experiment, 8.44 mg/kg RN (n = 6) or vehicle (n = 6) were given intranasally to EAE mice daily for 30 days. EAE mice were assessed daily for clinical signs of ascending paralysis and weekly for visual function. After sacrifice at day 30, retinas were immunostained for brn3a to count retinal ganglion cells (RGC), and spinal cords and optic nerves were stained by H&E and luxol fast blue to assess inflammation and demyelination.Results: 16.9 mg/kg oral RN treatment reduced RGC loss compared to vehicle (4164 ± 406 vs 2422 ± 401 RGC/1.56 mm2, p < 0.05). Similarly, 8.44 mg/kg RN given intranasally reduced RGC loss compared to vehicle (3569 ± 241 vs 2280 ± 329 RGC/1.56 mm2, p < 0.05). Oral and intranasal RN showed similar neuroprotective effects (4164 ± 406 vs 3569 ± 241 RGC/1.56 mm2, p > 0.05). Although neither route of administration showed a reduction of ascending paralysis, 16.9 mg/kg oral RN reduced the severity of paralysis compared to vehicle and 8.44 mg/kg intranasal RN (survival analysis with median survival 29.5 vs 19.0 and 19.0 days, p < 0.05). Likewise, the severity of visual function loss was reduced by the administration of 16.9 mg/kg oral RN compared to vehicle and 8.44 mg/kg intranasal RN (median survival > 28.0 vs 28.0 and 21.0 days, p < 0.05). Neither oral nor intranasal administration showed a significant reduction of spinal cord or optic nerve inflammation or demyelination.Conclusions: RN were able to reduce RGC loss independent of their administration route, but oral administration demonstrated additional neuroprotective effects by reducing paralysis severity.