bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accretion around a hairy black hole in the framework of gravitational decoupling theory
Authors: Rehman H. , Abbas G. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigate astrophysical accretion onto a static and spherically symmetric hairy black hole within the framework of gravitational decoupling. To achieve this goal, we examine the accretion procedure for several types of perfect fluids, including polytropic fluid and ultra-stiff, ultra-relativistic, radiation, and sub-relativistic isothermal fluids. Moreover, we determine the critical or sonic points for numerous fluid forms that are accreting onto the black hole by utilizing the Hamiltonian dynamical approach. Additionally, the closed form of the solutions are presented for a number of fluids, which are represented in phase diagram curves. We estimate the mass accretion rate of a static and spherically symmetric hairy black hole within the framework of gravitational decoupling. These findings are helpful in constraining the parameters of black holes while physical matter accretes onto the black holes.
Temporal Variation of Land Use in Fadak Project, Najaf Governorate - Iraq using some Spectral Index
Authors: Mahdi Nabeel Ammar , Ali Ayad Kadhim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A project called Fadak farm in Najaf province was selected to study and analyze the variations in land covers for agricultural projects in central Iraq using geospatial technologies. Three US Landsat satellite sensors, 5, 8, and 9, were chosen for the years 1989, 2013, and 2022. The satellite images were optically and digitally processed, radiometrically and spatially enhanced Two indices were used. to determine the variations in the three selected years: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). The spatial data were classified using ArcGIS Pro software, and the results showed spatial and temporal changes in the values of the indices used in the study area, reflecting changes in land covers. The percentage of variation in these indices was also determined between each year. The results indicated that barren lands were the most prevalent cover, occupying 63.75% (1585.86 hectares) of the study area. The second category in terms of area was non-cultivated agricultural lands, with an area of 610.91 hectares (24.56%) of the study area. The third category was areas affected by salinity, with an area of 86.95 hectares (3.50%) of the study area. Finally, the smallest category was vegetation cover with an area of 203.97 hectares (8.20%) of the study area. The results indicate that barren lands and non-cultivated agricultural lands dominate the study area.
Beneficial Effects of Adding a Mixture of Medicinal Herbs to Quail Diet on some Physiological and Biochemical Blood Parameters
Authors: Al-Tawash Ali Sami Amin , Lattif Fallah Hassan Abdel , Ibrahim Ali Abd Al-Jabbar , Mardenli Omar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted in the poultry field of the Department of Animal production / College of Agriculture / University of Al-Qadisiyah to know the effect of using a mixture of herbs (licorice, thyme, turmeric and red pepper) on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of quail. 120 quail were used in this study. Which were randomly distributed in four treatments (2 replicates for each treatment, 15 birds for each replicate). The mixture of herbs was added to the diet in equal proportions and with different concentrations.(T1) A mixture of medicinal herbs was used at 2% of the ration (T2) A mixture of medicinal herbs was used at 4% of the ration (T3) A mixture of medicinal herbs was used at 6% of the ration (CONTROL), The mixture of medicinal herbs was used with a percentage of 0% of the feed. Feed and water were provided freely to the birds throughout the experiment period.The effect of a mixture of herbs (licorice, thyme, turmeric and red pepper) on some physiological characteristics such as the number of red cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC), types of white blood cells, the packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and biochemical traits such as glucose, total protein and cholesterol concentration was studied. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between the experimental treatments (medical herbal mixture) compared with the control treatment in both eosinophil and basophil white blood cells, as well as the percentage of total protein. A significant increase (p<0.05) in (red blood cell count(RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin percentage(Hb), white blood cell count(WBC), and white lymphocyte count, in the experimental treatments (medical herbal mixture) compared with the control treatment. There was a significant decrease in both glucose and cholesterol concentration in the experimental treatments (medical herbal mixture) compared with the control treatment. From this study we conclude that the use of the medical herbal mixture led to the improvement of some of the studied traits.
Replacing Formalin with Alcohol and its Effect on Preserved Fish Specimens
Authors: Ghazwan Muhammad I. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims to formulate an alternative solution for Formalin for preserving fish as study specimens for long periods. The main reason for finding a solution instead of formalin is to get rid of the negative effects of this solution on those who work with it, as well as to better preserve the bodies of fish. Hence, three new solutions were proposed to replace formalin. Thus, Formalin, in turn, may enter the composition of a small part of these solutions to give better results and for long periods of keeping specimens. All solutions prepared in this study participated in being acidic as in formalin. Two solutions succeeded in compensating for the use of formalin in preserving fish bodies for a period of six months, with a lesser effect on some of the studied biometrics of fish kept in these two solutions.
The Effect of Planting Dates and Spraying with Boron and Sulfur on Raising the Yield Efficiency of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Abd Ali Mohamed , Huwaidi Mudhir Ismail 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during the spring period of the agricultural season 2022 AD at a research station of the Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture - University of Tikrit in Salah al-Din Governorate, located at longitude 43.679 degrees east and latitude 34.616 degrees north of the equator in gypsum soil, in order to know the effect of different planting dates. With three datesThe first date (15/3), the second date (5/4), and the third date (25/4). And add boron and sulfur before flowering by spraying on the plant (boron 50 mg L in the form of boric acid, sulfur 25 mg L in the form of liquid sulfate, boron + sulfur). Its effect on the number of ears, the number of ear beans, the number of its rows, the weight of 300 seeds, the biological yield, the total grain yield, the protein percentage and the ash percentage of the yellow corn cultivar (Sara), using the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, as each experimental unit included four lines and the length of the line was 3 m and the distance between lineAnd the last 0.75 cm, and between one plant and another 20 cm, and to study the characteristics of growth, yield, its components, and quality characteristics. The first date was superior in all the studied traits except for the following traits: the number of earwigs and the percentage of ash, and there were no significant differences. We conclude from the fertilizer additions the superiority of the addition (sulfur and boron), and it gave the highest averages in the characteristics of the number of ears, the number of ear seeds, the number of rows, the weight of 300 seeds, the biological yield, and the total grain yield, as it reached 1.68 ears, 441.33 ears, 15.00 ear rows, 69.94 g, and 7.94 ton e and 12.69 ton e respectively, outperformingThe addition of boron as a percentage of protein is 11.93% and the percentage of ash is 1.27%. The combination (planting dates + fertilizer additions (first date × sulfur and boron) gave the highest averages in the characteristics of ear number, number of ear pods, number of rows, weight of 300 seeds, total grain yield, and biological yield. for ashes.
Response Growth and Yield of Three Broad Bean Cultivars (Vicia faba L.) to Spraying with Different Concentrations of Salicylic Acid Under Saline Soil Conditions
Authors: Atab Huda A. , Al-Ubori Rafid , Aboohanah Mansoor Abed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
South of Babylon province, at 32 degrees 40 minutes north latitude and 44 degrees 39 minutes east longitude, was the site of a field experiment run by the College of Agriculture at Al-Qasim Green University during the winter of 2022-2023. Three broad bean varieties were tested for their reactions to salicylic acid sprays of varying doses in saline soil. The experiment was conducted with a split plot arrangement according to The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The experiment included two factors: The first important factor was the cultivation of three cultivars of broad beans (Turkish, Spanish, and Dutch) which were placed in the main plot. As for, the sub-plot was included three concentrations of salicylic acid: control treatment, the spraying treatment with 100 mg L-1, and the spraying treatment with 200 mg L-1. The results showed that the Turkish cultivar was significantly excelled in the studied trait of plant height (118.46 cm), the number of branches (branch-1), and the biological yield (4.81 tons. ha-1), while the Spanish cultivar was excelled in leaf area (2505.8 cm2) and the number of pods (21.74 pods. plant -1), seed yield (2.49 ton. ha-1), and harvest index (56.15%). Where spraying with salicylic acid was significantly excelled on 200 mg L-1 in the studied traits for plant height (97.08 cm), the number of branches (10.87 branch.plant-1), the leaf area (2363.7 cm2), the number of pods (23.01 pods plant-1), seed yield (2.40 ton.ha-1), and the harvest index (49.23%).
The Importance of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum in Biological Control to Root Rot Pathogens (Review)
Authors: Al-Baldawy Muneer Saeed M. , Matloob Ahed A. A. H. , Almammory Mohammed K. N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Intense research continues by researchers to find safe alternatives to chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers, and its frequent use without correct programming and guiding awareness, which has caused many environmental problems, poisoning, destruction of the ecosystem, and pollution of water, air, and agricultural soils. The use of these chemicals has also affected many living organisms, including them Humans, which motivated researchers to study and re-introduce the natural elements and beneficial microorganisms into agricultural production so that the consumer can obtain safe and healthy food free from the accumulation of harmful chemical residues. Inside the soil, which can carry out the process of converting nitrogen while it is in the state of being a gas to a state of solubility. Through this process, plants can obtain the benefit from it through the stabilization process that occurs. These bacteria perform a major work, as they work to fix nitrogen in the air This is because the plant finds it difficult to use it in its form as a gas, so it makes it in the soil in a form ready for the plant. Studies have also shown that this bacteria has many beneficial properties for the growth and protection of the plant from pathogens and the importance of this bacteria and to try to shed light on its beneficial activities for the plant. The importance of this bacteria and the role of Azotobacter chroococcum in protecting plants from root rot diseases.
Genetic Analysis of Yield and its Components in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using Generation Mean Analysis
Authors: Al-Mfarji Barazan A. Mohammed , Mahdi Mudhafar Abed , Al-Timimi Omar A. Ahmed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, the six generational clans (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1, and B2) were used for two crosses of bread wheat. (Triticum aestivum. L), (the first cross was between the two cultivars (Milan * Abu Ghraib 3) and the second cross between (Milan * Sham 6). The six generations of the two crosses were cultivated according to the randomized complete block design in three replications for each of them. The averages of the generations were analyzed for the studied quantitative traits. For the six generations in the two crosses, the arithmetic averages and their standard errors showed that the values of the generations differed significantly from zero and in both crosses. F2 clans outperformed P1 in their performance and for some traits, and this indicates more frequency of the alleles responsible for this trait in the second generation clan and thus the expression of this trait. Through superior dominance as well as ultra-border genetic isolations, as well as the superiority of BC2 over F2 clans, which indicates more frequency of the alleles responsible for this trait in the second generation clan and for some traits. This means the dominance of the dominant variance that controls the inheritance of traits, and heritability in the narrow sense was low due to the low additional genetic variance.was significant in all traits except for the number of grains per spike and yield efficiency in the first cross, while the values of [d] were significant and positive for leaf area and protein content, which makes early selection beneficial for these traits, and were significant and negative for the traits of number of grains per spike and grain yield, and the dominance effects were [h] Positive and significant values for the characteristics of plant height, total number of tillers, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike, biological yield, grain yield, weight of 1000 grains, protein content and gluten content, while significant did not appear in the rest of the studied traits, in the first cross, and in the characteristics of plant height and total number of tillers The number of grains per spike, grain yield, harvest index, weight of 1000 grains, yield efficiency, protein content and gluten content, the second cross, and the superior effects (i) were the first contributors to the inheritance of these traits, followed by the part of the superior genetic action dominant x dominant (l) and then the superior genetic action additional × dominant (j) followed by the dominant genetic act and then the additive genetic action were significant in most of the traits studied in both crosses.
Roadmap on optical sensors
Authors: Ferreira Mário F S , Brambilla Gilberto , Thévenaz Luc , Feng Xian , Zhang Lei , Sumetsky Misha , Jones Callum , Pedireddy Srikanth , Vollmer Frank , Dragic Peter D , Henderson-Sapir Ori , Ottaway David J , Strupiechonski Elodie , Hernandez-Cardoso Goretti G , Hernandez-Serrano Arturo I , González Francisco J , Castro Camus Enrique , Méndez Alexis , Saccomandi Paola , Quan Qimin , Xie Zhongcong , Reinhard Björn M , Diem Max 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Optical sensors and sensing technologies are playing a more and more important role in our modern world. From micro-probes to large devices used in such diverse areas like medical diagnosis, defence, monitoring of industrial and environmental conditions, optics can be used in a variety of ways to achieve compact, low cost, stand-off sensing with extreme sensitivity and selectivity. Actually, the challenges to the design and functioning of an optical sensor for a particular application requires intimate knowledge of the optical, material, and environmental properties that can affect its performance. This roadmap on optical sensors addresses different technologies and application areas. It is constituted by twelve contributions authored by world-leading experts, providing insight into the current state-of-the-art and the challenges their respective fields face. Two articles address the area of optical fibre sensors, encompassing both conventional and specialty optical fibres. Several other articles are dedicated to laser-based sensors, micro- and nano-engineered sensors, whispering-gallery mode and plasmonic sensors. The use of optical sensors in chemical, biological and biomedical areas is discussed in some other papers. Different approaches required to satisfy applications at visible, infrared and THz spectral regions are also discussed.
Product stewardship for solar photovoltaic panels
Authors: Chhillar Ishika , Sandhu Sukhbir , Majewski Peter , Parida Subhadarsini , Sardeshmukh Shruti 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The uptake of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels for the generation of clean energy has almost exponentially increased over the past 10 years and can be expected to further exponentially increase until 2030. Organisations like the International Renewable Energy Agency have clearly outlined the need and benefits of robust end-of-life (EoL) management legislations, such as a product stewardship scheme or extended producer responsibility, to cope with the significant expected waste volume arising from solar PV panels during the next 30 years or so. However, effective EoL management legislation is still not existing in many countries despite having significant solar PV capacity installed. This article explores a possible strategy for a product stewardship legislation for solar PV panels including options for necessary levies to support an emerging recycling industry for solar panels. Given that currently almost 3 billion solar PV panels are installed worldwide, considerations are also given for a legislation which supports and encourages a second hand economy for solar PV panels.
Assessment of conservation status of riparian vascular plant species in a dry season exposed flood plain area of the Incalaue river catchment, Niassa Special Reserve, Northern Mozambique
Authors: Natumanya Ezrah , Ribeiro Natasha , Mwanjalolo Majaliwa Jackson-Gilbert , Steinbruch Franziska 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Riparian vegetation usually gets less focus in biodiversity assessments and yet species diversity is important knowledge when applying patch specific conservation value in the Niassa Special Reserve (NSR). This study assessed the composition and conservation status of riparian species in an exposed river basin downstream location. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of sites and respondents to maximize data collection. The study found 19 species belonging to 15 families with 52.63% of them having a frequency of ⩾50% in sampling plots. There were 10 species that are endemic to the sub-Sharan Africa Region. Fabaceae was the dominant family with 5 species. The species with the highest population was Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr. Species richness ranged from 0.35 to 0.98 with a mean of 0.66 ± 0.22. The IVI ranged from 34.70 (F. indica (Burm. f.) Merr) to 4.43 (Tribulus cistoides L.) with a mean of 15.79 ± 7.79. Threats of species loss and ecosystem disturbance were agriculture, infrastructure development and plant harvests. There was a reported decline in species availability over the previous 10 years by 18.7% of the respondents. The results added to existing studies and records of vegetation species of conservation value in areas exposed to loss in the NSR. This study advances research on vegetation range dynamics in the NSR and presents a need to mitigate human land use impacts on riparian vegetation species composition.
Has a sufficient case been made for the Law Commission’s proposals in respect of section 67?
Authors: Gunning Alexander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Law Commission has recommended reforming the approach to be taken where (i) a challenge is made in the English Courts to an arbitration award on grounds of lack of substantive jurisdiction and (ii) the challenging party has participated in the arbitration under protest. It has recommended including in the Act the power to make rules of court limiting both the grounds for such a challenge and the evidence that may be heard. The Law Commission’s proposed reform stems from concern that the present approach could be wasteful and unfair. This article seeks to explore whether the now extensive experience of challenges under section 67 of the Arbitration Act 1996 justifies those apprehensions.
Application of deep learning in cancer epigenetics through DNA methylation analysis
Authors: Yassi Maryam , Chatterjee Aniruddha , Parry Matthew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic modification involved in various biological processes and diseases. Analysis of DNA methylation data at a genome-wide and high-throughput level can provide insights into diseases influenced by epigenetics, such as cancer. Recent technological advances have led to the development of high-throughput approaches, such as genome-scale profiling, that allow for computational analysis of epigenetics. Deep learning (DL) methods are essential in facilitating computational studies in epigenetics for DNA methylation analysis. In this systematic review, we assessed the various applications of DL applied to DNA methylation data or multi-omics data to discover cancer biomarkers, perform classification, imputation and survival analysis. The review first introduces state-of-the-art DL architectures and highlights their usefulness in addressing challenges related to cancer epigenetics. Finally, the review discusses potential limitations and future research directions in this field.
IDESS: a toolbox for identification and automated design of stochastic gene circuits
Authors: Sequeiros Carlos , Pájaro Manuel , Vázquez Carlos , Banga Julio R , Otero-Muras Irene 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Motivation
One of the main causes hampering predictability during the model identification and automated design of gene circuits in synthetic biology is the effect of molecular noise. Stochasticity may significantly impact the dynamics and function of gene circuits, specially in bacteria and yeast due to low mRNA copy numbers. Standard stochastic simulation methods are too computationally costly in realistic scenarios to be applied to optimization-based design or parameter estimation.

Results
In this work, we present IDESS (Identification and automated Design of Stochastic gene circuitS), a software toolbox for optimization-based design and model identification of gene regulatory circuits in the stochastic regime. This software incorporates an efficient approximation of the Chemical Master Equation as well as a stochastic simulation algorithm—both with GPU and CPU implementations—combined with global optimization algorithms capable of solving Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming problems. The toolbox efficiently addresses two types of problems relevant in systems and synthetic biology: the automated design of stochastic synthetic gene circuits, and the parameter estimation for model identification of stochastic gene regulatory networks.

Availability and implementation
IDESS runs under the MATLAB environment and it is available under GPLv3 license at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7788692.