bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Aboriginal Kidney Health Mentors in the Transplant Journey: A Qualitative Evaluation
Authors: Pascoe Sophie , Croker David , Ross Lachlan , Henwood Peter , Wilkshire Neil , Algy Cedrina , Bob Selina , Hall Heather , Misener Michelle , Gorham Gillian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIssue AddressedWhilst Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia experience disproportionately high rates of chronic kidney disease, they have lower rates of kidney transplantation and face many barriers to accessing culturally safe health care. Aboriginal kidney health mentors with lived experience of transplantation have been proposed to improve the patient journey and increase health promotion, but there has been limited evaluation of the role of mentors.MethodsA qualitative evaluation of the ‘Hunting Kidney Transplant’ patient mentoring project implemented by Purple House in the Northern Territory involved in‐depth interviews, focus groups and participant observation with Aboriginal kidney health mentors and renal staff. Data analysis methods included inductive thematic coding and collaborative synthesis of emerging themes with Aboriginal co‐researchers.ResultsAboriginal kidney health mentors play a holistic and multi‐directional role helping people to navigate the transplant process. The role of mentors encompasses both visible and invisible work and is centred on a ‘Right Way Working’ approach, including building trust, respect and taking time during the work‐up period. Key enablers include kinship and community connections and ongoing support from Purple House. Key barriers include COVID‐19 and institutional racism within the mainstream health service.ConclusionsAboriginal health mentors with lived experience of chronic conditions can play an important role in supporting people and promoting cultural safety in health services.So What?Further support and funding are needed to develop, evaluate and embed the mentor role into policy and practice to improve patient journeys, health promotion, transplant rates and health outcomes.
Co‐Designing Strategies to Improve Asthma Health Literacy With Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Communities
Authors: Jayaram Lata , Jayakody Mahisha , Kim Dasom , Wijeratne Tissa , Nguyen Canh Vinh N. , Tran Hoan , Paiva Shani , Karunajeewa Harin , Lemoh Christopher , Rasmussen Bodil , Haines Kimberley J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundEvidence indicates that an early intervention nurse‐led model of care transitioning consumers with asthma from hospital to home improves asthma health literacy and asthma control compared with usual care. This intervention, however, is not reaching individuals from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) communities who require added support to navigate our health care system.AimsTo (1) investigate the barriers and enablers to improving asthma care in consumers from three CALD communities and (2) improve the nurse‐led programme to suit the needs of CALD consumers with asthma.MethodsParticipants with asthma from Vietnamese, Indian and Sri Lankan communities and clinicians providing asthma care completed separate and combined focus group workshops. Qualitative data were collected on the barriers and enablers for asthma health literacy, attendance at clinics and Emergency Department presentations. Input was sought on to how to adapt the nurse‐led programme to support CALD consumers. Data was thematically analysed and discussed in the combined clinician and consumer session with a view to integrating the key findings into the current care model.ResultsNine consumers with asthma and nine clinicians were recruited. Key findings included language and communication barriers (despite interpreters), poor understanding of asthma, poor cultural support (other than interpreters), poor trust in the hospital system, lack of access to and affordability of general practice, specialist clinics and hospitals.ConclusionThe findings informed the modification of our model of care to include bicultural health educators, who support consumers' transition from hospital to home. This model of care is currently under evaluation.So What?Nurse‐led models of asthma care improve asthma control and health literacy but are not reaching individuals from CALD communities. We asked participants with asthma from three CALD communities, and clinicians looking after those with asthma to provide insights on the barriers (challenges) and enablers (solutions) to improving asthma outcomes and the health care journey for CALD consumers.
NanoCoating Preparation to Improve Heat Dissipation of a Heat Sink Inside an Enclosure for Power Electronic Devices
Authors: Abdulsahib Ahmed Dhafer , Alkhafaji Dhirgham , Albayati Ibrahim M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHeat sinks dissipate heat from electronic components, and the increase in heat generation owing to technological advancements has prompted researchers to improve heat sink efficiency. The present study aims to improve heat sinks by high‐emissivity nanocoating where the coating is prepared using nanoparticles CuO and MWCNT at a rate of 6% in half a liter of Acrylic resin and solvents Xylene and Butyl acetate at a rate of 30%. After coating the heat sink, the emissivity was examined and it was (0.963) while it was before coating (0.202). The heat sink is examined inside a cubic cavity with a right surface containing heaters that give temperature at the same value as the thyristors (58.5°C, 90°C, and 112.5°C) and a cold left surface (30°C). The temperatures at the tip of each fin are measured before and after coating when they change with time and at a steady state. The results showed that the nanocoating significantly reduced the temperature compared to the uncoated condition with the improvement percentage at a heater temperature of 58.5°C ranging from 10% to 15% at 90°C ranging from 24% to 34% and at 112.5°C ranging from 23% to 35%. It is concluded that the nanocoating showed great effectiveness in improving the performance of the heat sink at all temperatures, but the maximum effectiveness was at high thermal loads.
Learning in Dos Idiomas: The Impact of Codeswitching on Children's Noun and Verb Learning
Authors: Libersky Emma , Slawny Caitlyn , Kaushanskaya Margarita 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCodeswitching is a common feature of bilingual language practices, yet its impact on word learning is poorly understood. Critically, processing costs associated with codeswitching may extend to learning. Moreover, verbs tend to be more difficult to learn than nouns, and the challenges of learning verbs could compound with processing costs associated with codeswitching. In two Experiments, we taught 4–5‐year‐old bilingual children verbs (Experiment 1, N = 25, 13 girls, 69% white, 83% Hispanic) and nouns (Experiment 2, N = 29, 12 girls, 72% while, 68% Hispanic) within English‐only and Spanish‐English codeswitched learning contexts. Children's language ability across Spanish and English was modeled continuously, allowing us to test the impact of language ability on learning. Children learned novel words successfully in both experiments, with no difference between conditions. However, children with higher language ability demonstrated steeper learning rates l in the English‐only condition relative to the codeswitched condition in both Experiment 1 (standardized coefficient of 0.19) and Experiment 2 (standardized coefficient of 0.14). Our findings indicate that bilingual children can successfully learn both verbs and nouns in codeswitched contexts but learning is modulated by a child's language skills as well as the number of learning opportunities they have had.
Predisposing conditions in patients with small intestinal adenocarcinomas in the Netherlands: A 20‐year nationwide cohort study
Authors: Linssen Jasmijn D. G. , Schafrat Pascale J. M. , de Back Tim R. , van Erning Felice N. , van Leerdam Monique E. , Dekker Evelien , Vermeulen Louis , de Hingh Ignace H. J. T. , Sommeijer Dirkje W. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSmall intestinal adenocarcinomas (SIAs) are associated with predisposing conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease, but also genetic syndromes such as Lynch syndrome (LS) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). This nationwide cohort study investigated the incidence of genetic and non‐genetic predisposing conditions in SIA and their influence on tumor characteristics and clinical features. Data were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. The incidence, characteristics, and clinical features per predisposing condition were analyzed in 2697 SIA patients diagnosed from 1999 through 2019. Of all SIA patients, 5.6% were known to have a genetic predisposing syndrome, of whom 4.0% had LS and 1.6% had a polyposis syndrome. In addition, 6.8% of SIA patients had a non‐genetic predisposing condition: 3.9% IBD and 2.9% celiac disease. SIAs of patients with such predisposing syndromes or conditions were diagnosed at a younger age and earlier stage and affected the duodenum less often as compared to sporadic SIA patients. Both genetic and non‐genetic predisposing conditions were associated with significantly better overall survival (OS) compared to sporadic SIA: sporadic SIA (median OS: 13.0 months, 95% CI: 11.8–14.2), LS (213.1 months, 99.3–NA), polyposis syndromes (61.3 months, 19.7–NA), IBD (29.5 months, 20.3–69.8), and celiac disease (50.4 months, 24.6–124.7). This nationwide cohort study shows significant differences between SIA with and without predisposing conditions and highlights the need for research on underlying molecular mechanisms to improve outcomes of SIA patients.
The impact of obtaining explicit informed consent for medical student participation in the pelvic examination under anesthesia: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Milad Hannah C. , Watson Katie , Eucalitto Patrick F. , Hill Ricky , Zamantakis Alithia , Pierre‐Wright Marlise Jeanne , Emeka Adaeze A. , Tsai Susan , Goldsmith Susan , Milad Magdy P. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo examine patient, physician, and operating room (OR) staff perceptions at an academic institution following the introduction of an explicit, written consent form for medical student participation in the pelvic examination under anesthesia (EUA).MethodsThe study was performed at one urban academic medical center between May 2021 and May 2023. Thirty‐one individuals including patients, OR staff, and physicians were interviewed to better understand their perspectives regarding an initiative to explicitly consent patients for the student pelvic EUA. Northwestern University Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.ResultsPatients appreciated being asked to explicitly consent to or refuse the student pelvic EUA and having a dedicated consent form left them with a positive feeling about the hospital and their healthcare providers. OR staff and physicians agreed that the student pelvic EUA is necessary, and almost all supported an explicit consent form. Physicians did not find the additional consent form burdensome and noted only a modest decline in learning opportunities.ConclusionPatients and healthcare providers agreed that requiring explicit written consent for the student pelvic EUA respected patient autonomy, improved healthcare quality, and caused minimal disruption to medical education. Our data support the use of an explicit written consent form as standard practice.
Impact of Top Management Characteristics on Firm's Labor Investment Efficiency
Authors: Moeini Chaghervand Amirali , Laksmana Indrarini 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study examines the effect of top management team (TMT) characteristics on labor investment efficiency. Specifically, we focus on TMT within‐firm experience, tenure diversity, and the pay for performance sensitivity (PPS) dispersion as three potential factors affecting the team's group dynamics leading to labor investment decisions. Using a sample of US firms from 2000 to 2019, we show that TMTs with a greater percentage of within‐firm experience, a high level of tenure diversity, and higher PPS dispersion make more efficient labor investments. Splitting the sample into over‐ and under‐investment subsamples, we find that TMT within‐firm experience reduces underinvestment in labor while tenure diversity and PPS dispersion reduce overinvestment in labor. Our study provides practical implications for corporate boards in assessing TMT's hiring and promotion, making investment decisions, and determining top executive compensations.
Students' Perceptions of Virtual Reality as Learning Tool in a Radiographic Technique Course
Authors: Ingebrigtsen Katrine Staurem , Hanger Nina , Rusandu Albertina 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionVirtual reality (VR) has been increasingly recognised as a beneficial pedagogical tool in radiography education, particularly for skills training. This pilot study aims to gain insight into the viability of VR as a pedagogical instrument in a radiographic technique course within a Norwegian bachelor's programme in radiography by assessing users' experiences.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted involving all first‐year radiography students from a single bachelor programme in Norway. The study included a preliminary survey to gauge students' expectations prior to their first VR session and a main survey following the completion of the course. The surveys assessed demographics, prior VR experience, experiences with the use of VR as a learning tool and possible improvements. VR training was facilitated using Skilitics radiography simulation software across six stations equipped with Oculus Rift VR gear.ResultsResults indicated a significant difference between students' expectations and their actual experiences with VR in skills learning. While initial expectations were high, only 37% of students were content with VR training. Major issues highlighted included technical problems and limited pre‐session training. Students expressed a preference for more VR stations, teacher guidance and better software features.ConclusionAlthough VR holds potential as a supplementary tool in radiography education, the study identified several areas for improvement in the pedagogical approach. Pre‐session training, teacher assistance during the training sessions and feedback after the session are recommended to maximise the educational benefits of VR in radiography skills training.
The Role of Anthropogenic Climate Change on March–April–May (MAM) Drought Trends Across Global Land
Authors: Yohannes Hansewo Tamirat , Yu Jinhua , Zhang Xuyu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the influence of human‐induced climate change on drought is critical for addressing global challenges. This study uses the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to identify detection and attribution of global drought patterns during the March–April–May (MAM) season. SPI focuses on rainfall, while SPEI accounts for both Precipitation and potential evapotranspiration. We analysed spatial trends using ensemble mean data from 15 global climate models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Simulations incorporating both natural and anthropogenic forcings (ALL) were compared with those limited to natural forcings (NAT) to evaluate human impacts on drought patterns. Results based on SPI from both observational data (OBS) and ALL simulations reveal wetting trends in Southwest Asia, South America, Eastern Europe, and Central Africa, and drying trends in Northwestern Europe, Southeastern China, India, North America, East Africa, and Australia. SPEI shows wetting in Northeast Asia, Europe, Southeastern North America, and Northwest Africa, with drying in North America, Southeastern Africa, Europe, and Southeastern China. Significantly, the drying trends in ALL simulations are stronger than in NAT, highlighting anthropogenic climate change as a key driver of worsening drought patterns. Detection analysis confirms a strong ALL signal in SPI and SPEI observations, while NAT remains undetected. Lastly, Severe droughts (indices < −2) were examined, in terms of likelihood ratio in All and NAT, show human activities significantly influence precipitation in Southeast Asia, tropical rainforests, and East Africa, with temperature variations driving droughts in Central Asia and other tropical regions.
Impact of Lumbar Degenerative Changes on Vertebral Bone Strength: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Tani Soji , Ishikawa Koji , Chiapparelli Erika , Camino‐Willhuber Gaston , Schönnagel Lukas , Caffard Thomas , Amoroso Krizia , Guven Ali E. , Shue Jennifer , Alman Benjamin A. , Carrino John A. , Girardi Federico P. , Sama Andrew A. , Cammisa Frank P. , Hughes Alexander P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAssessing the bone condition in patients with spinal disease is clinically valuable. However, evaluating bone strength in the presence of spine degenerative changes is challenging. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and finite element analysis (FEA) have been proposed as methods for more accurate bone quality assessment. This study investigates the relationship between bone strength predicted by FEA and other relevant biological parameters. This retrospective cross‐sectional study included 127 patients with spinal disease who underwent preoperative CT scans between 2014 and 2020. Baseline patient characteristics, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) measured by QCT, and vertebral bone strength predicted by FEA were collected. The degree of degeneration was evaluated by classifying osteophyte formation, disc height narrowing, vertebral sclerosis, and spondylolisthesis into a grading scale ranging from 0 to 2. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the effect of each factor on bone strength predicted by FEA. Of 127 patients, 120 patients (median age was 62 years) were included. The median vBMD and vertebral strength were 114.3 mg/cm3 and 7892.9 N, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, vBMD, and degenerative changes, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that sex, vBMD, and degree of degeneration independently increased the vertebral strength measured by FEA. This study suggests that in patients with spinal disease, vertebral bone strength is affected not only by sex and bone mineral density but also by degenerative changes. Thus, bone strength could be predicted more accurately in patients with spinal disease using FEA.
Knowledge Spillovers and Organizational Resilience: The Digital Capabilities Moderating Effect on MSMEs Innovation Orientation in Service Sector
Authors: Fernandes Cristina , Veiga Pedro Mota , Ramadani Veland 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAlthough the importance of integrating digital technologies in micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) is growing rapidly, empirical research related to knowledge spillovers (KS), organizational resilience, innovation orientation, and digital capabilities still remains scarce. This research proposes a framework in which we verify the moderating effect of digital capabilities on the relationship between KS, organizational resilience, and innovation orientation. Another aim of this research is to study the effect of KS and organizational resilience on innovation orientation by conducting a quantitative study utilizing data from the World Bank's Enterprise Survey, collected at three separate times. Drawing from a sample of 2291 MSMEs in the service sector across 15 EU countries, the partial least squares structural equation modeling was the method used to evaluate our proposed conceptual model and examine the hypothesized relationships. The findings reveal that KSs have a positive effect on innovation orientation by leveraging digital capabilities. In addition, the empirical evidence demonstrates that both KS and organizational resilience have a positive impact on innovation orientation. This research also makes several theoretical and practical contributions.
Nutritional features of organic peas (Pisum sativum L.) cultivated in different Italian environments and rheological profile of pea‐enriched crackers
Authors: Tibaldi Camilla , Oliveira Sónia , Dinelli Giovanni , Marotti Ilaria , Raymundo Anabela 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDLegumes are a key component of the human diet and a primary source of plant‐based protein. They have attracted global attention as potential plant‐based meat alternatives due to their numerous health benefits, and they contribute to a more sustainable and healthy food system. Among pulses, peas (Pisum sativum L.) are considered a good source of proteins, fibers, starch, minerals, and vitamins. This study evaluated the effect of environmental conditions on nutritional profile of peas cultivated in an organic farming system, in different Italian environments (mountainous and hilly), during different cultivation years (2021 and 2022). Pea grain from peas cultivated under the various conditions was used to prepare pea‐based crackers containing 6% pea flour. The appearance, physical properties (rheology and texture), and nutritional profile of the snacks were evaluated, and sensory analysis was conducted.RESULTSThe nutritional and bioactive compounds were strongly related and the environment exerted a substantial impact on most of the nutritional components (proteins and carbohydrates), due to climatic conditions during the vegetative and reproductive stage of the crop. The incorporation of cultivated peas into wheat‐based crackers improved their functional and nutritional quality while maintaining consumer acceptability, as demonstrated by sensory analysis.CONCLUSIONSThe results confirmed that growing conditions significantly influence the nutritional composition of peas, enhancing their quality and that of the resulting crackers. This aligns with the increasing global demand for high‐quality, sustainable food products. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Physicochemical, antioxidant, gastrointestinal digestion and probiotic growth promoting properties of water and alkali extracted polysaccharides from Schizophyllum commune
Authors: Li Chen , Gao Hong , Yin Chaomin , Liu Mengfan , Fan Xiuzhi , Shi Defang , Yao Fen , Li Jiangtao , Liu Qiongxiang , Wen Jing , Qiu Jianhui , Hu Guoyuan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDSchizophyllum commune is a traditional edible and medicinal mushroom that has been successfully artificially cultivated in China. Polysaccharides from S. commune have attracted much attention because of their bioactivity. The present study aimed to investigate the physicochemical, gastrointestinal digestion and probiotic growth promoting properties of water extracted polysaccharides (WSP) and alkali extracted polysaccharides (WSP) from S. commune.RESULTSThe extraction rates and the total sugar contents of WSP and ASP were 11.97% and 14.36% and 57.71 g kg−1 and 52.34 g kg−1, respectively. The main monosaccharides of WSP are glucose and mannose, whereas glucose, mannose and galacturonic acid are the main monosaccharides of ASP. Although the molecular weight of WSP is greater than that of ASP, both WSP and ASP show the typical absorption peaks of polysaccharides and a triple helix structure. WSP shows a coarse granular microstructure, whereas ASP presents a dense porous microstructure. Moreover, WSP shows typical Newtonian fluid behavior, whereas ASP exhibits typical non‐Newtonian fluid behavior. WSP presents better thermal stability and antioxidant properties than that of ASP. Both WSP and ASP have good hydrolysis resistance in vitro simulated digestion, but ASP shows better hydrolysis resistance. Both WSP and ASP can promote the growth of probiotic, but the promoting growth effect depends on the strain of the probiotic.CONCLUSIONIn sum, WSP shows better physicochemical properties, but ASP has more potential to be an excellent prebiotic. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.