bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of isometric versus isotonic exercise training on right ventricular morpho‐functional parameters in Olympic athletes
Authors: Di Gioia Giuseppe , Polito Dajana , Crispino Simone Pasquale , Maestrini Viviana , Nenna Antonio , Segreti Andrea , Squeo Maria Rosaria , Lemme Erika , Pelliccia Antonio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular adaptations in elite athletes involve both ventricular and atrial changes. Nowadays, limited research exists on right ventricular (RV) remodeling, particularly in female athletes and across different types of exercise training.MethodsOur study evaluated 370 athletes (61% males) participated at 2020 Tokyo and 2022 Beijing Olympic Games. Athletes were categorized according to main type of exercise into isometric and isotonic. Comprehensive echocardiographic assessments were conducted to analyze RV morpho‐functional parameters, comparing genders and different sporting exercise.ResultsSignificant differences in RV parameters were observed based on exercise type and gender. Isotonic athletes showed greater RV remodeling with larger RV outflow tract (15.1 ± 2.1 vs. 14.5 ± 1.7 mm, p < .0001) end‐diastolic and end‐systolic area (respectively, 24.6 ± 5.5 vs. 21.7 ± 5 mm, p < .000 and 11.7 ± 3.2 vs. 10.1 ± 2.8 mm, p < .0001) and right atrium size (11.7 ± 3.2 vs. 10.2 ± 2.3 mm2, p = .0001). Functional parameters, such as TDI velocities, were similar between groups. Males showed larger RV area and right atrium size (p < .0001) and lower RV TDI velocities with reduced E′ (15.4 ± 2.9 vs. 16.1 ± 3.2 m/s in females, p = .031), resulting in lower E′/A′ ratio (1.69 ± .6 vs. 1.84 ± .6 m/s, p = .021), while S′ was lower females (14.6 ± 2.3 vs. 14.1 ± 2.4 m/s, p = .041). RV TDI velocities were similar in isotonic and isometric both in male and females.ConclusionsIn elite athletes, RV morphological changes are influenced by exercise modality but do not translate into functional differences. Female athletes present distinct RV functional profiles, with lower S′ velocities and a higher E′/A′ ratio. Functional RV TDI parameters are not affected by the typology of exercise practiced.
Understanding different dominance patterns in western Amazonian forests
Authors: Matas‐Granados Laura , Draper Frederick C. , Cayuela Luis , de Aledo Julia G. , Arellano Gabriel , Saadi Celina Ben , Baker Timothy R. , Phillips Oliver L. , Honorio Coronado Eurídice N. , Ruokolainen Kalle , García‐Villacorta Roosevelt , Roucoux Katherine H. , Guèze Maximilien , Sandoval Elvis Valderrama , Fine Paul V. A. , Amasifuen Guerra Carlos A. , Gomez Ricardo Zarate , Stevenson Diaz Pablo R. , Monteagudo‐Mendoza Abel , Martinez Rodolfo Vasquez , Socolar Jacob B. , Disney Mathias , del Aguila Pasquel Jhon , Llampazo Gerardo Flores , Arenas Jim Vega , Huaymacari José Reyna , Grandez Rios Julio M. , Macía Manuel J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDominance of neotropical tree communities by a few species is widely documented, but dominant trees show a variety of distributional patterns still poorly understood. Here, we used 503 forest inventory plots (93,719 individuals ≥2.5 cm diameter, 2609 species) to explore the relationships between local abundance, regional frequency and spatial aggregation of dominant species in four main habitat types in western Amazonia. Although the abundance‐occupancy relationship is positive for the full dataset, we found that among dominant Amazonian tree species, there is a strong negative relationship between local abundance and regional frequency and/or spatial aggregation across habitat types. Our findings suggest an ecological trade‐off whereby dominant species can be locally abundant (local dominants) or regionally widespread (widespread dominants), but rarely both (oligarchs). Given the importance of dominant species as drivers of diversity and ecosystem functioning, unravelling different dominance patterns is a research priority to direct conservation efforts in Amazonian forests.
PowerPulse: Power energy chat model with LLaMA model fine‐tuned on Chinese and power sector domain knowledge
Authors: Yin ChunLin , Du KunPeng , Nong Qiong , Zhang HongCheng , Yang Li , Yan Bin , Huang Xiang , Wang XiaoBo , Zhang Xuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecently, large‐scale language models (LLMs) such as chat generative pre‐trained transformer and generative pre‐trained transformer 4 have demonstrated remarkable performance in the general domain. However, inadaptability in a particular domain has led to hallucination for these LLMs when responding in specific domain contexts. The issue has attracted widespread attention, existing domain‐centered fine‐tuning efforts have predominantly focused on sectors like medical, financial, and legal, leaving critical areas such as power energy relatively unexplored. To bridge this gap, this paper introduces a novel power energy chat model called PowerPulse. Built upon the open and efficient foundation language models (LLaMA) architecture, PowerPulse is fine‐tuned specifically on Chinese Power Sector Domain Knowledge. This work marks the inaugural application of the LLaMA model in the field of power energy. By leveraging pertinent pre‐training data and instruction fine‐tuning datasets tailored for the power energy domain, the PowerPulse model showcases exceptional performance in tasks such as text generation, summary extraction, and topic classification. Experimental results validate the efficacy of the PowerPulse model, making significant contributions to the advancement of specialized language models in specific domains.
Analysis of data‐driven models for predicting fatigue strength of steel components with uncertainty quantification
Authors: Frie Christian , Kolyshkin Anton , Eberl Chris 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMaterial informatics has emerged as a valuable research field in material science, providing solutions to previously unsolvable problems or accelerating deliverables. Fatigue failure, as a complex and non‐deterministic phenomenon, requires a probabilistic approach to assess the uncertainty of the fatigue strength prediction. This study compares various probabilistic data‐driven models for credible fatigue strength predictions for three distinct steel groups. The analysis considers data and model uncertainty, evaluating their impacts on predictive quality from engineering and data science perspectives. Results reveal that deep ensembles outperform other probabilistic models regarding negative log‐likelihood (NLL), while random forest exhibits the lowest root mean square error (RMSE). Notably, the prediction accuracy of case‐hardened steels is negatively affected by insufficient material properties definitions, while stainless steels demonstrate the best performance compared to other steel types.
Cyclic behavior of AA2024 aluminum alloy under different loading paths and heat treatments
Authors: Mokdad Abdelghani , May Abdelghani , Belattar Adel , Ould Ouali Mohand , Ramtani Salah 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe focus of this study is to investigate the impact of cyclic loading path and temperature on the mechanical behavior of AA2024 aluminum alloy, a material commonly used in the aerospace industry. Our study aims to understand the cyclic evolution of work hardening (isotropic and kinematic) in response to different loading paths: tension‐compression cycles followed by equivalent torsion cycles, and vice versa. We also perform microstructural investigations using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to gain insights into the evolution of fatigue damage during cyclic loading. By examining these factors, we aim to provide insights into the material's mechanical behavior and anisotropy. This research contributes to improving our understanding of the performance of AA2024 alloy under cyclic loading conditions.
Positive effects of biomass of unpalatable neighborhoods on palatable plants in a grassland community under heavy grazing pressure by sika deer
Authors: Otsu Chiaki , Iijima Hayato , Nagaike Takuo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe intensity of grazing on palatable species can vary depending on the neighboring plants in plant communities. We aimed to search for species whose biomass can have a positive effect on palatable plants near them in a grassland under grazing pressure by sika deer. We selected Iris sanguinea Hornem. as an indicator species of ease of being grazed because it is a palatable and past dominant species before the increase in deer density. We estimated the effects of the biomass of neighboring plant species, soil water content, and distance from the forest edge on the height of I. sanguinea. The height was remarkably and positively affected by the biomass of four graminoid species with larger biomass and slightly positively affected by the biomass of a toxic species. This study suggests that the biomass of less‐palatable species may have an important influence on the size of palatable species under grazing pressure by deer.
Development of the Groundwater Concept Inventory to Measure Groundwater Knowledge in a General Audience
Authors: Ojeda Ann , Rogers Stephanie R. , Jannach Charlotte , McNeal Karen S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGroundwater is a critical resource globally, and understanding groundwater processes is vital to ensure sustainable management practices. However, there are many widely held misconceptions and inaccuracies about groundwater, and we currently lack tools to measure groundwater knowledge across large populations and measure how groundwater knowledge relates to management decisions or behaviors. Here, we present a survey instrument, the Groundwater Concept Inventory (GWCI), that has been designed for general audiences to measure groundwater knowledge comparable to that in an introductory geoscience curriculum. The GWCI was developed using ∼1200 responses using an online platform, Amazon Mechanical Turks, to represent a general population. Responses were evaluated using the Rasch model that configures a relationship between person‐ability and item‐difficulty. We found that the study population displayed similar misconceptions about groundwater compared with previous literature, and that age and education were not strong predictors of GWCI scores. The GWCI can be used by researchers to understand links between knowledge and behavior, and also by other stakeholders to quantify misconceptions about groundwater and target resources for a more informed public.
Observational cohort study of long‐term outcomes of liver transplantation in haemophilia
Authors: Ragni Margaret V. , Callis Jessica , Daoud Nabil , Hu Brian , Manuel Matthew , Santos Jarren , Schwartz Jonathan , Friedman Kenneth D. , Kouides Peter , Kuriakose Philip , Leavitt Andrew D. , Lim Ming Y. , Machin Nicoletta , Recht Michael , Chrisentery‐Singleton Tammuella 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionGene therapy is now a reality for individuals with haemophilia, yet little is known regarding the quality‐of‐life impact of factor correction. As few data exist, and recognizing the analogy to liver transplantation (OLTX), we identified OLTX+ and OLTX‐ men in the ATHNdataset to compare post‐OLTX factor VIII and IX on quality of life (QoL) by Haem‐A‐QoL and PROMIS‐29.MethodsOLTX‐ were matched to OLTX+ by age, race, and haemophilia type and severity. Deidentified demographic data, including post‐transplant factor levels, genotype and target joint disease were analysed by descriptive statistics. Haem‐A‐Qol and PROMIS‐29 were compared in OLTX+ and OLTX‐ by student's t‐test and univariate regression models.ResultsOf 86 people with haemophilia A (HA) or haemophilia B (HB) cared for at 10 haemophilia treatment centers (HTCs), 21 (24.4%) OLTX+ and 65 (75.6%) OLTX‐ were identified. OLTX+ and OLTX‐ had a similar frequency of target joint disease (p = .806), HA genotypes, null versus non‐null (p = .696), and HIV infection (p = .316). At a median 9.2 years post‐OLTX, median FVIII, .63 IU/mL [IQR 0.52–0.97] and FIX, .91 IU/mL [IQR .63–1.32], Haem‐A‐QoL, PROMIS‐29, and HOT scores were comparable. Severe HA/HB had lower post‐OLTX ‘dealing with haemophilia’ scores (p = .022) and higher ‘sports and leisure’ (p = .010) and ‘view of yourself’ scores (p = .024) than OLTX+ non‐severe participants. Non‐caucasian OLTX+ had significantly lower scores in sports and leisure (p = .042), future expectations (p = .021) and total score (p = .010).ConclusionNine years after OLTX, QoL is comparable to OLTX–, but significantly better in OLTX+ with severe than non‐severe disease and in caucasians than non‐caucasians.
A new imaging classification for safer radial access visceral intervention of the liver and optimal case selection: A preliminary report
Authors: Kawamura Yusuke , Akuta Norio , Fujiyama Shunichiro , Hosaka Tetsuya , Saitoh Satoshi , Sezaki Hitomi , Suzuki Fumitaka , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Ikeda Kenji , Arase Yasuji , Kumada Hiromitsu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a new classification for safer transradial access hepatic interventional radiology, based on preoperative evaluation of the location of the left subclavian artery bifurcation in the aortic arch.MethodsA total of 38 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 74 sessions of radial access for visceral intervention (R.A.V.I.) were reviewed. We classified the location of the left subclavian artery bifurcation in the aortic arch in three areas using an oblique view computed tomography image matched with the curve of the aortic arches according to a new criteria Three Areas Criteria For R.A.V.I. (named “TAC‐F‐R”), and measured the required time from initial left radial artery arteriography to celiac artery or superior mesenteric artery arteriography.ResultsThe median time required for left radial artery arteriography to the celiac artery or superior mesenteric artery arteriography in each of the three areas were: area A, 0:11:10 (h, min, s); area B, 0:14:44; and area C, 0:31:51. There were significant differences between each area after Bonferroni correction (p < 0.01; A vs. B, p = 0.086; A vs. C, p = 0.001; and B vs. C, p = 0.045), with areas A and B requiring a significantly shorter time. Finally, no patients showed neurogenic disfunction within 1 week after the R.A.V.I. procedure.ConclusionsThe new classification, “TAC‐F‐R,” for safer transradial access hepatic interventional radiology is effective for avoiding difficult cases, and selects more suitable patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for the R.A.V.I. procedure.
Accessing Meals on Wheels: A qualitative study exploring the experiences of service users and people who refer them to the service
Authors: Papadaki Angeliki , Wakeham Mary , Ali Becky , Armstrong Miranda Elaine Glynis , Willis Paul , Cameron Ailsa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to explore the perceptions of Meals on Wheels (MoWs) service users (SUs), and people who refer them to MoWs (‘referrers’), with accessing and commencing the service in England, the barriers that might hinder service uptake, and what information would be valued when considering accessing the service.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted in May–July 2022 with seven SUs and 21 referrers, recruited from four MoWs providers across England. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsParticipants indicated various pathways into the service, but referrers (family members) were more likely to be the ones enquiring about, and commencing, MoWs for SUs. Once an enquiry about MoWs had been made, the service was perceived as straightforward to set up. However, existing preconceptions and stereotypes were perceived to act as barriers to accessing MoWs. Information that participants deemed important to have available when deciding on whether to access MoWs related to the meals, the specific services provided, the reliability and flexibility of delivery and the cost of services.ConclusionThese findings could inform MoWs service providers' public awareness strategies about MoWs, to facilitate referrals to the service for adults with care and support needs.Patient or Public ContributionAn advisory group of people with lived experience of MoWs (users of the service and their family referrers) extensively discussed the findings of the research and advised on the implications and future dissemination steps.
Preparation and adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of sodium humate‐modified diatomite
Authors: Chen Hongye , Gao Ruqin , Ma Qiuhui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiatomaceous earth has been used as a nonorganic carrier to prepare a sodium humate modified diatomaceous space using the sol‐gel method. X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, and other methods were used to characterize its physio‐chemical properties. The effects of sodium humate/diatomite on the pH of tetracycline in water, the dosage of adsorbent, and pollutant temperature on the adsorption effect were studied. The results show that after alkali modification, the porous structure of diatomite remains undamaged, and the specific surface area of the modified sample is increased to 12.712 m2/g, and the average pore diameter is reduced to 146.19 nm. Adding 20‐mg sodium humate/diatomite into 100‐mL tetracycline wastewater with an initial concentration of 20 mg/L, and pH of 5 at a temperature of 55°C, the adsorption capacity reaches 75.1 mg/L, and the removal rate reaches 78.3%. The quasi‐second‐order kinetic model was fitted by regression and found to have R2 > 0.99, indicating that the adsorption process was one of surface adsorption. It is a process that involves initially rapid adsorption and then slowly reaching equilibrium. As an adsorption thermodynamics model, the Temkin, Redlich‐Peterson and Koble‐Corrigan models can explain humic acid sodium/diatomite behavior in the adsorption of tetracycline in water (each with R2 ≥ 0.99), and the effects of surface behavior in multilayer adsorption and electrostatic attraction on uneven heterogeneous adsorption.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination among male nurses
Authors: Sağtaş Furkan , Gürsoy Melike Yalçın 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of male nurses towards human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination and to examine whether knowledge about the HPV vaccine affects attitudes and beliefs about HPV vaccines.BackgroundHPV is responsible for ≈5% of all cancers worldwide. Therefore, vaccination against HPV is recommended to prevent HPV infections and HPV‐related cancers in men and women.MethodsThe study group included 383 male nurses who were asked to complete online questionnaires. The data were collected using the following tools: a sociodeomographical characteristics form, the Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Scale (HPVKS), and The Carolina HPV Immunization Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (CHIAS).ResultsIt was determined that the general HPV knowledge of the male nurses participating in the study was at a moderate level, but their knowledge of HPV screening test, HPV vaccination, and current HPV vaccination programmes were at a low level. Male nurses' HPV vaccination rates were relatively low, and most of them did not intend to be vaccinated. In addition, CHIAS Attitudes and Beliefs scores of the male nurses were at an average level and HPV knowledge affected the attitudes and beliefs of the nurses.ConclusionThese results demonstrate an opportunity to improve information and awareness about HPV and vaccines by nursing education.
Real‐world outcomes of avelumab plus axitinib as first‐line therapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma in Japan: A multicenter, retrospective, observational study (J‐DART)
Authors: Kato Taigo , Nakano Yuzo , Hongo Fumiya , Katano Hidenori , Miyagawa Tomoaki , Ueda Kosuke , Azuma Haruhito , Nozawa Masahiro , Hinata Nobuyuki , Hori Junichi , Otoshi Taiyo , Shimizu Nobuaki , Aizawa Mana , Osada Shingo , Matsui Akiko , Oya Mototsugu , Eto Masatoshi , Tomita Yoshihiko , Shinohara Nobuo , Uemura Hirotsugu 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesIn the phase 3 JAVELIN Renal 101 trial in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC), objective response rate (ORR) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were significantly improved in patients treated with first‐line avelumab plus axitinib vs sunitinib. Here we evaluate real‐world outcomes with first‐line avelumab plus axitinib in Japanese patients with aRCC.MethodsIn this multicenter, noninterventional, retrospective study, clinical data from patients with aRCC treated with first‐line avelumab plus axitinib between December 2019 and December 2020 in Japan were reviewed. Endpoints included ORR and PFS per investigator assessment, and time to treatment discontinuation (TTD).ResultsData from 48 patients (median age, 69 years) from 12 sites were analyzed. Median follow‐up was 10.4 months (range, 2.6–16.5), and median duration of treatment was 7.4 months (range, 0.5–16.5). International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk category was favorable, intermediate, or poor in 16.7%, 54.2%, and 29.2% of patients, respectively. The ORR was 48.8% (95% CI, 33.3%–64.5%), including complete response in 3/43 patients (7.0%). Thirteen patients (27.1%) had disease progression or died, and median PFS was 15.3 months (95% CI, 9.7 months – not estimable). At data cutoff, 24 patients (50.0%) were still receiving avelumab plus axitinib, and median TTD was 15.2 months (95% CI, 7.4 months – not estimable). Three patients (6.3%) received high‐dose corticosteroid treatment for immune‐related adverse events, and 8 (16.7%) received treatment for infusion‐related reactions.ConclusionsWe report the first real‐world evidence of the effectiveness and tolerability of first‐line avelumab plus axitinib in Japanese patients with aRCC. Results were comparable with the JAVELIN Renal 101 trial.
Recombinant bone matrix maintains the graft space, induces vascularized bone regeneration and preserves canine tooth extraction socket structure
Authors: Okamura Ai , Hiratsuka Takahiro , Fushimi Hideo , Nishimura Ichiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimRecombinant bone matrix (RBM) is a newly conceived and engineered porous bone graft granule of average size 600 μm composed of purified recombinant collagen peptide. We sought to examine the behaviour with time of RBM that was grafted in the canine tooth extraction socket.Materials and MethodsThe canine tooth extraction socket of the hemisectioned mandibular third premolar distal root was grafted with RBM granules, whereas the opposite side extraction socket served as non‐grafted control. The mandibular samples were harvested at 1, 3 and 6 months of healing and subjected to micro‐CT imaging and decalcified paraffin‐embedded histology. Separately, the effect of RBM was compared with that of deproteinized cancellous bovine bone (DCBB) and bovine atelocollagen plug (BACP) in the canine tooth extraction model at 3 months of healing.ResultsRBM maintained the grafted space in the socket and the gingival connective tissue until new bone was formed within its porous space. The regenerated bone was highly vascularized and continued to mature, while RBM was completely bioresorbed by 6 months. The buccal and lingual alveolar ridge heights of the RBM‐grafted extraction socket was better preserved than those of non‐grafted control sockets. The degree of socket preservation by RBM was equivalent to that by DCBB, although their healing mechanisms were different.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that RBM induced controlled active bone regeneration and preserved the extraction socket structure in a canine model. Bioresorbable RBM engineered without animal or human source materials presents a novel bone graft category with robust bone regenerative property.