bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIURNAL BIRD COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AROUND THE WAILOI RIVER, OF HILA KAITETU (LEIHITU DISTRICT) MALUKU
Authors: Saman Risna , Moniharapon Mechiavel , Eddy La 
Published: October 2023

Birds are very dynamic and are found almost everywhere. The purpose of this study was to determine the community structure of diurnal birds around the Wailoi Negeri Hila Kaitetu River, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency. The type of this research was quantitative descriptive in nature. The method used is the station line method combined with the count point. The results showed that in the Wailoi River, Negeri Hila Kaitetu, with 2 stations and 11 counting points, several species of diurnal birds were found, namely the type of Trinil beach (Actitis hypoleucos), Tiger Kestrel (Falco severus), Gray Flycatcher (Myagra galeata), Red-
cheeked Lorike. (Geoffroyus geoffroyi), Terkukur common (Streptopelia chinensis), Wiwik Jungle (Cacomantis variolosus), Hornbill Irian (Rhyticeros plicatus), Nuri Maluku (Eos borneo), King Prawn Erasia (Alcedo atthis), Pacific Baza (Aviceda subcristata), Small perling (Aplonis minor), Lazuli Checkfish (Halcyon lazuli), Dotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa griseisticta), Sriganti sunbird (Nectarinia jugularis), Asian Tuwur (Eudynamys cyanochepala), Black honey (Necterinia aspesia), Pergam tarut (Ducula concinna). The diversity index for the 2 stations was 1.74 and classified as moderate species diversity criteria. For the average dominance value of station I and station II, which is 0.24, it is included in the low dominance criteria. The evenness value of the two stations is 0.80 and is included in the criteria for a high level of evenness.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO IRREGULAR MIGRATION
Authors: Usbobo Yohanes Victor Lasi , Sogen Jasintah Tagang 
Published: October 2023

This paper discusses the main factors that encourage Migrant Workers from East Nusa Tenggara Province, especially those from South Central of Timor District to migrate irregularly. We conducted this study in 6 migrant workers' villages in TTS in May 2018. It applied mixed-methods, qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study involved about 360 respondents who are retired migrant workers or the families of migrant workers. The study found that approximately 42% of the 360 ​​respondents answered that the migrant workers from the six villages did not have a birth certificate. About 67% of the migrant workers had an ID card from their area of ​​origin. Surprisingly, approximately 33% of migrant workers from those six villages get their identity cards and migration documents from other provinces in Indonesia. Generally, most of the migrant workers from those villages have low levels of education and skills. As many as 28.3% of respondents answered that their household only holds IDR 100,000 in cash a month. The recruiters understand that rural communities have a low level of cash holdings, so they disrupt the civic virtue of Oko Mama in the Atoni Meto culture. Through the Oko Mama, recruiters give some money to the families, parents, husbands, or wives of migrant workers. That money then becomes a debt for the migrant workers. They should repay the money after working work abroad.
The Polish Language Is Not a Male-Chauvinistic Language (A Computer-Aided Research on the Polish Gender Category Presented in a Nutshell)
Authors: Włodarczyk Hélène 
Published: October 2023

I took up the topic of grammatical gender in Polish due to the fact that the theories of 5, 7 and even 9 genders (including the so-called personal-masculine gender in plural) accepted in Poland since the second half of the 20th century give rise to unnecessary difficulties for foreigners attempting at correctly building Polish sentences such as Matka i dziecko nie mogli się sobą nacieszyć. (‘Mother and child could not stop enjoying each other’). The research I conducted as part of interactive linguistics (using the Prolog artificial intelligence language and the SEMANA platform) showed that the theory distinguishing the category of gender from the category of animacy (as in comparative Slavic linguistics) is more economical and gives better results (than the theory of 9 genders) both in the analysis and production of utterances. Additionally, due to the “personal-masculine” gender introduced into Polish grammar, there arose a debate on the possible “male-chauvinistic” character of the Polish language, and consequently of the entire Polish culture. In response to this, I argue that one should not too hastily identify grammatical categories with cognitive categories, especially since in all European languages I know, it is the masculine gender which is the unmarked gender (-feminine). It follows from this that the masculine gender has two meanings, one broad and more abstract (e.g., man as a human being in general) and one narrow indicating only men (e.g., man as a male person). Recently, however, the non-marked meaning of the masculine gender has been undermined by the so-called inclusive speech. In Polish, in the plural, the so-called masculine-personal form indicates either a group of men or a group of entities among which is at least one human being regardless of gender (in the utterance quoted above, in which the verb nie mogli (‘could not’) exhibits the so-called personal-masculine form, the feminine noun matka (‘mother’) and the neuter noun dziecko (‘child’) constitute a collective subject that occurs in grammatical agreement with the verb form in the masculine gender, acting as an exponent of the category of humanity (not “masculinity”). Thus, the so-called personal-masculine form is used with the unmarked gender meaning of a personal (or human) form (+human, feminine). The research I conducted shows that in contemporary Polish the category of gender has the following meanings: masculine, feminine, and neuter, and the category of animacy: inanimate (-animate), human animate (+animate, +human), and non-human or animal animate (+animate, -human).
Specifické znaky autorského stylu Ziemowita Szczerka a jak je překládat [Wyznaczniki autorskiego stylu Ziemowita Szczerka. Jak je tłumaczyć?]
Authors: Jeništa Jan 
Published: October 2023

Chociaż Ziemowit Szczerek należy do najciekawszych polskich współczesnych pisarzy, jego książki nie są zbyt często tłumaczone na inne języki. Biorąc pod uwagę fakt, że podejmuje on głównie kwestie dotyczące Europy Środkowej, to jego utwory z pewnością znalazłyby czytelników także w Czechach lub na Słowacji. Czy przyczyną takiego stanu rzeczy może być bardzo oryginalny styl autora, zniechęcający potencjalnych tłumaczy? W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę analizy stylu językowego Szczerka na przykładzie jego książki Międzymorze (2017a). Celem rozprawy jest m.in. pokazanie, jak staranna analiza i przygotowanie filologiczne mogą przybliżyć tłumaczowi oryginalny styl autora, a tym samym pomóc w ewentualnym przekładzie. W artykule omówiono specyficzne środki wyrazu: twórczo pojmowane neologizmy oraz wyrażenia ekspresyjne (książkowe i poetyckie, zdrobnienia i zgrubienia, słowa modne, często zaczerpnięte ze slangu młodzieżowego lub z niektórych jej specyficznych subkultur, a także bardzo liczne wulgaryzmy). Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na konkretne konstrukcje zdaniowe i możliwości ich przełożenia na język czeski. Również typowe dla twórczości Szczerka są elementy obcojęzyczne, oddające atmosferę miejsca lub charakteryzujące mówiącego, którego narrator spotyka w podróży po Europie Środkowej. Wszystkie te środki wyrazu stanowią wielkie wyzwanie dla każdego tłumacza, który powinien mieć na uwadze, że głównym nastawieniem narratora jest ironiczny dystans przejawiający się w neutralnym, naturalnym języku, sporadyczne zaś zaangażowanie emocjonalne realizowane jest na zasadzie kontrastu poprzez ekspresję językową. Jednak także ironia może być wyrażana w kategoriach ekspresji (np. nadużywanie zdrobnień). Pozorny „freestyle” autora, zbliżony do tzw. pisma automatycznego, jest w istocie dobrze przemyślaną strategią. Teksty Szczerka stoją na pograniczu literackiego reportażu i fikcji, zaliczane są także do literatury podróżniczej. Dlatego w artykule poruszono również kwestię określenia gatunkowego tej twórczości.
Ensino e aprendizagem da língua polonesa no Brasil no contexto pandêmico: desafios e possibilidades [Nauczanie i uczenie się języka polskiego w Brazylii w czasie pandemii. Wyzwania i możliwości]
Authors: Niewiadomski Sônia Eliane , Budant Luiz Henrique , Czervinski Regiane Maria 
Published: October 2023

W czasie pandemii spowodowanej wirusem SARS-CoV-2, która objęła cały świat, instytucje musiały zareagować na kryzys, który wymusił na wszystkich inny model działania, głównie ze względu na zmianę sposobu funkcjonowania większości instytucji edukacyjnych. W Brazylii od marca 2020 roku po raz pierwszy większość uczniów, studentów i nauczycieli miała do czynienia z nauką zdalną przy zastosowaniu nowych technologii, co dla wielu z nich stanowiło nowe doświadczenia w tym zakresie, podobnie jak w wielu innych krajach. Owa sytuacja wymusiła przyspieszenie działań i wprowadzenie nauczania zdalnego bez przygotowania. Nauczyciele musieli zmodyfikować metody prowadzenia zajęć w taki sposób, aby dostosować się do sytuacji i utrzymać jakość kształcenia, a uczniowie również musieli sprawnie zaadaptować się do uczenia się w nowej rzeczywistości. W tymże kontekście są celami niniejszej pracy zaprezentowanie wyzwań, z jakimi mierzą się uczniowie języka polskiego jako obcego w Brazylii, oraz zastanawianie się nad możliwościami zdecydowanie spowodowanymi z nauki zdalnej, np. większe zainteresowanie językiem polskim w Brazylii. Zatem niniejsze badanie jest postrzegane z perspektywy uczniów, ponieważ istotne wydaje się nam podjęcie badań w celu uzyskania opinii uczniów na temat funkcjonowania edukacji zdalnej, ujęte z doświadczeń w uczestnictwie w niej. Jako narzędzie badawcze wykorzystano anonimowy kwestionariusz z pomocą formularza elektronicznego Google Forms, który składał się zarówno z pytań zamkniętych, jak i otwartych. Pytania dotyczyły między innymi wieku respondenta, miejsce zamieszkania, wyobrażeń o zajęciach w trybie zdalnym (wcześniejsze doświadczenia, ograniczenia, trudności, adaptacja), motywacji, środowiska nauki, zagadnień dydaktyczno-pedagogicznych (umiejętność, stosowane platformy, czas trwania zajęć, materiały). Dane zbierano w okresie sierpnia 2021 r. Rezultaty badania umożliwiły diagnozę pozytywnych i negatywnych aspektów nauki zdalnej języka polskiego w Brazylii. Zdecydowana większość respondentów nie miała żadnych wcześniejszych doświadczeń z nauczaniem zdalnym lub na odległość. Uczniowie mierzyli się m.in. z takimi problemami, jak trudności z obsługą narzędzi cyfrowych, brak bezpośredniego kontaktu z kolegami oraz z nauczycielem, kwestie techniczne, niska jakościa połączenia z internetem, problemy z koncentracją i nieodpowiednie otoczenie. Z badania wynika, że zdalne uczenie polskiego jako obcego w Brazylii jest nowym polem dla nauczycieli oraz uczniów, mając na uwadze aspekty geograficzne oraz społeczne specyficzne dla Brazylii.
FAKTOR PENYEBAB PERNIKAHAN DINI DI KELURAHAN KEPALO KOTO PADANG
Authors: Oktoriny Fitra , Rosita Silvia 
Published: October 2023

Pernikahan dini masih menjadi masalah penting dalam kesehatan reproduksi perempuan di Indonesia. Riskesdas mencatat, anak perempuan yang menikah pertama kali pada usia sangat muda, 10-14 tahun, cukup tinggi, jumlahnya 4,8 persen dari jumlah perempuan usia 10-59 tahun. Sedangkan yang menikah dalam rentang usia 16-19 tahun berjumlah 41,9 persen. Dengan demikian, hampir 50 persen perempuan Indonesia menikah pertama kali pada usia di bawah 20 tahun. Dampak lainnya adalah dalam kesehatan reproduksinya, kesehatan reproduksi sangat penting bagi remaja (putri) yang kelak akan menikah dan menjadi orangtua. Kesehatan reproduksi yang prima akan menjamin generasi yang sehat dan berkualitas. Selain dampak reproduksi literasi keuangan sangat mempengaruhi pasangan muda. Semakin bertambah usia akan semakin baik literasi keuangan.Kata Kunci : pernikahan dini, kesehatan reproduksi, literasi keuangan
Gender Identity Matters: Barriers to Employment Cycle of Transgender Individuals in the Labor Market of Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijayawardhana W.M.P.M  , Chaminda J.W.D  , Siriwardhane D.R.J  
Published: October 2023

Transgender individuals, a vulnerable community in Sri Lanka do not share the same economic opportunities in the labor market as cisgender individuals. This paper examines the barriers faced by transgender individuals in Sri Lanka during three stages of the employment cycle, namely the pre-working stage, the working stage, and the post-working stage. This qualitative study used snowball sampling to select a sample of 25 transgender participants in early adulthood (20–40 years). The in-depth interviews and participatory observations were the data collection methods used. Reflexive thematic analysis is employed for the data analysis with the use of the NVivo analytical tool. This study found that there is no free entry, free stay and free exit for transgender individuals in the Sri Lankan labor market. The labor entry at the pre-working stage is identified to be restricted by the employer’s prejudicial attitude at the selection phase, delays in labor entry due to the transition process, and fear of labor entry due to previous negative experiences. Further, this study recognized the absence of free stay during the working stage, mainly due to underemployment, the glass ceiling, hegemonic masculinity, and harassment and discrimination. Moreover, this research has revealed that transgender individuals’s freedom to exit their current job is suppressed by the uncertainty of receiving a new job at the post-working stage. In doing so, this study highlights the importance of having a trans-inclusive and equitable workplace policy in every organization.
Keywords: Labor Market Barriers, Qualitative Study, Sri Lanka, Transgender Individuals
The Impact of Financial Sector Development on Economic Growth: Evidence from Sri Lanka
Authors: Samuditha Ganepola  , Prabhath Jayasinghe  
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of financial sector development on economic growth in Sri Lanka by taking two complementary sectors, namely banking and equity markets, to represent the financial sector. All previous studies in the Sri Lankan context have examined this relationship employing either the banking sector variables or equity market variables to represent the financial sector. This study is in favour of the supply-leading hypothesis and it tests the empirical validity of the hypothesis. The proposed model has been estimated with five banking sector variables and two equity market variables. Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach is employed to identify the existence of short- and long-run relationships. The study relies on quarterly data from 2002:01 to 2020:04. Findings reveal that there exists a long-run relationship between financial sector variables and economic growth. More specifically, the size of financial intermediaries, interest rate, monetization, and size of the stock market have a significant positive impact on economic growth in the long-run. Somewhat surprisingly, the availability of credit to the private sector has a significant negative impact. All seven variables significantly influence economic growth in the short-run. Overall, the results of this study support the supply-leading hypothesis or the notion that financial sector development affects economic growth. These findings are mostly in line with previous literature. The results of seven diagnostic tests show that the estimated model is adequate for the purpose and estimation results are reliable. The study has some important policy implications.
Keywords: Financial sector development, Economic growth, Banking sector development, Equity market development, ARDL
The Spectacle and Reification of Game of Thrones
Authors: Sheridan Sylva 
Published: October 2023

Tortures and executions have been publicly displayed to deter crime, but their staging has also been characterized as spectacle. Public spectacle, and associated technologies, were foundational to the aggregated graphic depiction of Damiens the regicide sentenced to death by torture. Pain was not considered as the sole purpose, but rather to inflict trauma and cause shame. We see that the sovereign holds power over the body, often considered a vessel to be regulated and managed. In this article, the author explores the events surrounding the walk of atonement conducted by Cersei Lannister in Game of Thrones. This article analyzes how power structures use brutality to cause trauma. The queen is confined to a prison cell where she is psychologically and spiritually tortured by religious fanatics using technologies of private disciplinary power. She is then forced to walk naked through the streets of King’s Landing. As she progresses, her body is pelted with fruit, manure, and bodily fluids, and she endures jeers and curses from the public. A septa (nun) follows her, repeating the word shame eighty-eight times. Her body becomes degraded and objectified. The author’s argument is grounded in a unique reading of disciplinary power, which he has conceptualized as traumapower, defined as the use of public (spectacle) and private (confinement) disciplinary power to inflict physical, psychological, and spiritual harm. In Cersei’s confinement and walk, we see the manifestation of traumapower. This article explores how external power structures are operationalized to assert body control through trauma, thus rendering it docile.
TEST OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER AND DOSAGE OF CHICKEN MANURE ON GROWTH RESPONSE AND YIELD OF EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena L) PLANTS
Authors: Rahmaniah Rahmaniah 
Published: October 2023

The business of growing eggplant plants is still traditional in Indonesia and does not involve a great deal of intensive cultivation, particularly when it comes to the application of fertilizers to support the growth and yield of eggplant plants. As a result, eggplant plant production is low there. Using the right dose of fertilizer can also help increase production yields. The primary purpose of fertilizer is to provide or add nutrients to the soil that may only be present in trace amounts or not at all. Natural chicken compost and inorganic phosphate manures contain different kinds of supplements and substances required by plants. Consequently, it is important to find the proper portion used to acquire ideal development and yield of eggplant plants. Research Targets To decide the portion of chicken compost and phosphate manure on the development and yield of eggplant (Solanum malongena L). to ascertain how the growth and yield of eggplant (Solanum malongena L) are affected by the dosages of phosphate fertilizer and chicken manure, as well as the optimal interaction between the two substances. In this study, the experimental design was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two treatment factors: Factor I: Dosage of chicken manure (A) consisted of 3 levels, namely: = Kontrol, = 4 kg/plot (6 ton/ha), = 6 kg/plot (8 ton/ha). Factor II: = Kontrol, = 4,5 g/plot, = 9,0 g/plo, = 13,5 g/plot. Chicken manure dosage varied significantly depending on plant height, primary branch count, sample planting fruit count, sample planting production, and plot production. A2 (6 kg/plot) was the most effective dose of chicken manure in this study. The dosage of phosphate fertilizer was significantly different for plant height, primary branch count, sample planting fruit count, sample crop production, and plot production. P3 (13.5 g/plot) was the NPK fertilizer dose that performed the best in this study. There was no significant difference in plant height, primary branch count, sample planting fruit count, sample crop production, or production per plot between cow manure and phosphate fertilizer doses.
Individual educational trajectory from the point of higher education acquirer
Authors: Тозюк О. Ю. , Кривов’яз О. В. , Томашевська Ю. О. 
Published: October 2023

The relevance of the issue of formation and implementation of an individual educational trajectory by higher education acquirers is determined by the requirements of the Law of Ukraine «On Higher Education». This strategy is implemented through personal and personalized training.
The aim of the work is to assess the realization level of the higher education acquirers right to choose educational components and the possibility of individual educational trajectory formation.
The object of the research is the results of higher education acquirers surveyby the questionnaire. The method of information search, sociological survey, statistical analysis, comparison and generalization have been used.
The survey was conducted among the 2nd–5th year higher education acquirers at the Pharmacy Faculty of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia. It was established that 94% are satisfied with the right of free choice of elective courses according to the survey results. The educational and professional program «Pharmacy» includes 57 elective courses. Higher education acquirers must choose 6 disciplines for the 2nd year, 5 – for the 3rd, 4 – both for the 4th and the 5th. The results indicate that 82% agree that such a number of elective courses is quite sufficient for free choice. The majority of survey participants noted that the procedure itself is quite clear and accessible.
The content of the course (for 103 persons) and competence (for 99 persons) are decisive for the choice process. Feedback from senior students and the teaching methods are also important (for 70 and 49 respondents, respectively). It was established that 16% have experience of academic mobility. The activity of higher education acquirers in research work was determined as 25%. 32% take part in the work of student self-government, artistic activities, volunteering and sports. It was established that 87% feel personal responsibility for the formation and implementation of an individual educational trajectory. At the same time 73% note the necessity of higher informational support in this process. The results confirm that higher education acquirer suse completely their right to choose elective courses and take an active part in their own individual educational trajectory formation.