bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programs to improve body image in adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Flores Perez Virginia , Camacho Ruiz Esteban Jaime , Escoto Ponce de León María del Consuelo , Cervantes Luna Brenda Sarahi , Ibarra Espinosa Manuel Leonardo 
Published: January 2024

Objective: To examine the intervention programs that have been conducted on body image in adolescents.
Materials and methods: The PRISMA statement was used in this review. The search for studies was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE-ProQuest, and EBSCO databases from January 1, 2017, to January 25, 2022. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies, developed by the Effective Public Health Practice Project.
Results: Eight studies were included, most of which had a strong methodological quality. The results obtained after the implementation of the programs reflected favorable changes in body image and body satisfaction for adolescents between 11 and 18 years old, only for five studies. Additionally, five studies maintained the same changes at follow-up.
Conclusions: Findings from this review allow us to conclude that intervention programs are a safe and effective way to influence adolescent body image.

Keywords: Body image; Body dissatisfaction; Adolescents; Program evaluation; Health promotion.
Adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica
Authors: Méndez-Ortega Ocotlán , Hernández-Vicente Irma Alejandra , Juárez Flores Clara Arlina , Lumbreras-Delgado Irma , Banderas Tarabay José Antonio 
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Evaluar los factores que influyen en la adherencia al tratamiento de los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, en el servicio de consulta externa de nefrología de un hospital de Tlaxcala.
Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con una muestra de 80 pacientes que asisten al consultorio de nefrología. Mediante un cuestionario validado, se determinaron los factores que influyen en el paciente para mantenerse en la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológica y no farmacológica.
Resultados: Se muestra un nivel de riesgo moderado de adherencia al tratamiento en la población estudiada, el 8.8% de los pacientes se adhieren al tratamiento, el 58.8% tienen un riesgo moderado de no adherirse al tratamiento, y el 32.5% tienen alto riesgo de no adherirse al tratamiento, siendo sus principales causas la carencia de recursos económicos (65%), no conocer cuál es su peso seco (61.3%), seguir un régimen dietético de alto costo (60%), dificultad para realizar un cambio en el estilo de vida (38.8%), y no recibir la información sobre los beneficios de los medicamentos (8.8%).
Conclusiones: La falta de recursos económicos y la falta de información, son los principales factores que influyen en la no adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico. El profesional de enfermería debe brindar información clara, completa y útil a fin de mejorar el apego al tratamiento y disminuir costos y complicaciones en la ERC. Es necesario buscar estrategias educativas, conductuales, y el apoyo social y familiar, debido a sus condiciones socioeconómicas, y el apego a hábitos que no son de beneficio para su estado de salud.

Palabras clave: Cumplimiento; Adherencia al tratamiento; Factores socioeconómicos; Enfermedad renal crónica.
Hallazgos por tomografía en pacientes confirmados con SARS-CoV-2 y síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo
Authors: Córdova-Matamoros Silvia Dalila , Martínez Padrón Hadassa Yuef , García-Pérez Mario Alberto , Villalobos-Silva José Antonio , Guerrero-Nava José Miguel , Velandia García Laura Yesenia 
Published: January 2024

Objetivos: Describir los patrones tomográficos de afectación pulmonar en pacientes con SARS-CoV2 y SDRA.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal y analítico. Pacientes atendidos en Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ciudad Victoria “Bicentenario 2010” (HRAEV), con diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 por RT-PCR y que contaran con tomografía computarizada de tórax realizada en la institución en el periodo comprendido de 1 marzo de 2020 a 31 julio de 2020. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y analítico. Resultados: Se analizaron estudios de tomografía de 44 pacientes hospitalizados en HRAEV que cursaron con SDRA y requirieron IOT, de los cuales el 72.7% fueron del sexo masculino, la edad promedio fue de 64 años, de los cuales 47.7% cursaba con Diabetes Mellitus, 63.6 % con Hipertensión Arterial Sistémica 43.1% y con algún grado de sobrepeso u obesidad.
Conclusiones: El hallazgo tomográfico característico de los pacientes con SDRA fue mixto de tipo vidrio despulido y consolidación con una afectación severa y generalizada.

Palabras claves: SARS-Cov-2; patrón; SDRA; Tórax, hallazgos.
Virtual technologies in education: Problems of legal regulation
Authors: Pamirsky A. E. , Maslova E. N. , Zhirova E. A. , Pamirsky I. E. , Golokhvast K. S. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The relevance of the article is due to the problems of the regulatory and legal substantiation of the use of virtual technologies in education, which consists in the lack of legal criteria for the introduction of immersive technologies in the educational space. Currently, despite the intensive development of digital technologies, including immersive, domestic education lacks actual regulations that would regulate the use of virtual reality (VR) / augmented reality (AR) technologies in the educational process.Purpose setting. It is becoming relevant to conduct a comparative legal analysis of scientific publications in the legal and pedagogical areas on the regulatory and legal support of virtual VR and AR technologies, to study the regulatory framework of Russian legislation governing the use of VR and AR technologies in education, to identify common regulatory and legal problems for educational organizations of all levels.Methodology and methods of the study. The study includes a review of bibliographic and regulatory sources on the problems of legal justification for the use of virtual technologies in education, a structural analysis of local legal acts, generalization and synthesis of research results. The article talks about the need to have a clear regulatory framework for their use in the educational process, the development of mechanisms and regulations for assessing the safety of the use of technologies, the compliance of the content with the educational goals, and the streamlining of the conceptual apparatus.Results. The results include a generalization of the main legal problems that complicate the implementation of immersive/virtual technologies in the educational process.Conclusion. It has been revealed that the problems of legal regulation of the use of virtual technologies are of a common nature for educational organizations of all levels; the issues of legal justification for the use of virtual technologies in local regulations, the creators of which are each educational organization, have not been sufficiently resolved; the very construction of the concept «virtual technologies» is not presented definitively in regulatory legal acts, which allows the use of broader terms «immersive technologies», «immersion technologies, etc.; the need to develop requirements for new competencies of teachers has been identified; regulatory and legal regulation of the process of introducing VR/AR technologies within the educational process as an educational method is required.
Pitirim Sorokin's personality at the turn of historical eras
Authors: Belokopytov Yu. N. , Panasenko G. V. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article explores the personality of the famous Russian-American scientist Pitirim Sorokin. His life was eventful and passed in Tsarist and Soviet Russia, Europe and the United States. He took an active part not only in the two historical eras of Russia, but also in changing events at the turn of the eras. His passionate personality manifested itself most clearly during the revolution of 1917. Thereafter he became a professor of the largest university in the world, Harvard University, president of many international conferences, author of dozens of scientific papers, including those about the factors of the revolution.Purpose setting. On the structural model of P. Sorokin's personality there is investigated his interaction with the socio-political structure of society. Watching events, passing them through his feelings, thinking, and behavior, he turned them into history. Thanks to the work and communication with talented Russian researchers such as V. M. Bekhterev, I. P. Pavlov, N. D. Kondratiev, the scientist worked out a unique concept of personality. He proposed the model of personality that had four layers and differed from many models of other researchers described in the scientific literature.Methodology and methods of the study. We can analyze this model in layers from the bottom to top. It can be described like that: Subconscious is biologically unconscious; Biological consciousness; Socio-cultural consciousness; Superconscious mind. Interpretation of historical events in line with this model of personality gives us the opportunity to retrospectively deeper understanding the behavior of the real person Pitirim Sorokin.Results. The analysis was carried out in the coordinates which are not studied enough at the moment. This is the interaction of the scientist with the society in the busy life path. He always found himself at the right time and in the right place in the bifurcation points of development of the society. The peculiarities of his behavior can be traced in the exclusive state of the socio-political environment. That means that it is in a stable state of order and unstable state of chaos. In the history of mankind such opposite sides of society periodically replace each other.Conclusion. The functioning of the structural model of personality is transferred to the interpretation of the real personality of Pitirim Sorokin. In particular, historical phenomena are interpreted through the prism of psychological approach in its system of revolutionary factors. This study was carried out in line with the reevaluation of the revolutionary events of 1917.
Young specialists on the labor market of information and computer technologies
Authors: Astafyev Ya. U. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The situation on the labor market of IT specialists in Russia after 02.24.2022 was characterized by a sharp decrease in supply from employers and growth in the number of trainees in information and computer technology specialties. At the same time, salaries in the IT sector for most specialties decreased or slightly increased in comparison with inflation for the same period.Purpose setting. In the article on the basis of analytics of vacancies and salaries in the field of IT sphere the possibilities of occupation of positions in the field of software product development, their maintenance and IT processes management by graduates in the specialties of information and computer technologies are studied.Methodology and methods of the study. The median values of salaries in vacancies in various IT specialties are analyzed and compared with the current salaries of workers in the information sphere.Results. The tendencies of changes in salaries in IT sphere in comparison with employers» vacancies are revealed. The comparison of salaries in vacancies for graduates of universities and vocational training institutions and in offers for specialists with work experience is made.Conclusion. The most in-demand positions in the IT sphere for graduates of universities and vocational training institutions in the specialties of information and computer technologies have been identified.
Quantification of Total Kjeldahl Phosphorus in Eucalyptus Leaves Using Kjeldahl Digestion and Flow Injection Analysis
Authors: Cain Sophia , Younes Nicolas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This protocol outlines the quantification of total phosphorus concentration in leaf material through Kjeldahl digestion and flow injection analysis. This method utilises a traditional Kjeldahl digestion as an alternative to microwave digestion which is utilised in the protocol “Quantification of Total Phosphorus Content in Plant Material Using Microwave Digestion and Segmented Flow Analysis”. The Kjeldahl digestion is more accessible in most laboratories than microwave digestion. The digestion phase converts phosphorus into orthophosphate which reacts with ammonium molybdate and ascorbic acid during flow analysis to form a blue complex which can be measured spectrophotometrically. Phases of analysis include acid digestion using a Kjeldahl digestion (1.5 days); the preparation of reagents (2 hours) and finally analysis for total phosphorus on the flow analyser (30 minutes plus 90 seconds per sample).
Long-Lived Planar Asymmetric Suspended Membranes for Investigating Protein Dynamics and Membrane Fusion
Authors: Bera Manindra , Sundaram Ramalingam Venkat Kalyana , Thoduvayil Sikha , Coleman Jeff , Pincet Frederic , Ramakrishnan Sathish 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Membrane fusion is pivotal in cellular signaling and trafficking, requiring an intricate understanding of the interactions between proteins and lipids. Addressing the limitations of studying complex protein dynamics in cellular environments, a reductionist in vitro membrane model system is essential. Such a method begins with minimal components and incrementally adds complexity, allowing for the isolation and detailed examination of individual molecular species, an effort unattainable with traditional cellular techniques. Suspended lipid membranes accurately mimic cellular architecture by providing a unique environment with aqueous compartments on both sides, exceptional lateral diffusion properties, a solvent-free environment, and excellent stability for time-lapse imaging. Here, we present a detailed protocol for generating pore-spanning based planar suspended lipid membranes from native and reconstituted membranes that are ideal for time-lapse imaging using total internal reflection and confocal microscopy techniques. Our approach enables precise single-molecule protein counting, comprehensive analysis of protein dynamics, and the conduct of single-vesicle fusion assays. This method stands out for its exceptional temporal resolution, essential for accurately monitoring vesicle docking and fusion kinetics. The natural biological composition and lipid asymmetry of these membranes, combined with their excellent diffusion capabilities, greatly enhance the ability of studying the dynamics of membrane proteins. This protocol marks a significant advancement in membrane fusion research and offers deep insights into the nuances of cellular signaling and mechanisms.
Evidence of Community Health Workers’ delivery of Physical Rehabilitation Services in sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Mapulanga Miriam , Kgarosi Kabelo , Maluleke Kuhlula , Hlongwa Mbuzeleni , Dlungwane Thembelihle 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this scoping review was to map the evidence and scope of physical rehabilitation services delivered by Community Health Workers (CHWs) in SSA.
Design: A scoping review
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central and databases within the EBSCOhost platform. We also searched other literature sources including reference lists, conference presentations and publications on organisational websites such as WHO, Ministries of Health, and Non-Governmental Organisations in SSA. Studies from January 1978 to June 2023. The screening was conducted by two reviewers and was guided by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thematic analysis of data was done
Results: A total of 6996 articles were identified by our search criteria for title screening. Twenty studies met our inclusion criteria. Evidence was found in seven countries namely; South Africa, Malawi, Uganda, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Mauritius and Namibia. Assessments, Case management and patient care, Education, Community liaison and support, Health systems linkage and administration were part of the CHWs' scope of practice.
Conclusion: The review presented evidence of CHWs providing physical rehabilitation services from seven countries. The review showed assessments, case management and patient care, education, community liaison and support, health systems linkage and administration as part of the CHWs' scope of practice.
Review of the Ethics, Policies and Regulations of a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC)
Authors: Lidströmer Niklas , Davids Joe , ElSharkawy Mohamed , Ashrafian Hutan , Herlenius Eric 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cloud-based personal health records have increased during the last thirty years across the globe. The concept of a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC) of personal health records is presented in the GPOC series, containing a systematic review and meta-analysis, a global survey among 100% of the UN member states and a technical sandbox environment. GPOC contains patient co-ownership of personal health records. In the global survey a consensus was seen for GPOC. Here, we review the ethics, policies and regulations relevant for GPOC. Co-ownership and security were partly extracted from a systematic review and meta-analysis of twelve core facets of a GPOC. These two, and ten other properties are covered here with an additional literature review and interview series. This, resulting in a global overview of relevant human rights, ethics, privacy, policy, regulations and integration initiatives by states and organisations, markets, AI integration and future challenges for a GPOC. GPOC might result in a new human right to co-own ones’ personal health information. GPOC could drive development and spread of artificial intelligence for healthcare globally. It may solve the lacking personal health record integration on a global scale. Thus, a decentralised GPOC with consensus from blockchain, may benefit global health.
A Summit on a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC)
Authors: Lidströmer Niklas , Davids Joe , ElSharkawy Mohamed , Herlenius Eric , Ashrafian Hutan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During the last thirty years the world benefits from an increasing adoption to cloud-based healthcare for personal health records.
The concept of a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC) of personal health records is presented in the GPOC series, containing a systematic review and meta-analysis, a global survey among 100% of the UN member states and a technical sandbox environment. GPOC contains, among other, patient co-ownership of personal health records. In the global survey a consensus was seen for the realisation of the GPOC.
Here, we present a Delphi styled GPOC Summit as an indicative exit poll for the survey, to both confirm the results and clay these with spoken words of the delegates in a free discussion. At the summit a unanimous consensus for patient co-ownership of the personal health records was expressed. It was also frequently stated that a GPOC would have benefits for global health, transfers of the personal health records globally and for the dissemination of artificial intelligence in medicine across the globe. The global advantages for patients, both refugees and travellers and for developing economies were underlined. GPOC as a large substrate for global medical artificial intelligence research was highlighted. The enthusiasm for GPOC was unanimous.
The marine nitrogen cycle over the past 165 million years
Authors: Godfrey Linda , Omta Anne Willem , Tziperman Eli , Li Xiang , Hu Yongyun , Falkowski Paul 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Nitrogen and phosphorus are the two macro-nutrients that limit biological productivity in the ocean. N is supplied by the biological fixation of N2 from a virtually inexhaustible atmospheric source whereas the supply of P depends on geological processes. However, N2 fixation can be limited by micro-nutrients, especially iron. To address the feedbacks between the N-cycle and productivity on geological timescales, we present a record of N and C isotopes over the past 165 Ma in marine sediments. The N isotope composition of the deep ocean averages 3.2‰, and while relatively stable for most of this time, did range between -2 and +9‰. In comparison, exported production in distal areas of the ocean over the last 90 Myr averages 7.0‰, and ranges between +3 and +11‰, with the greatest difference from deepwater occurring when vertical mixing was limited. These significant multi-million-year time scale fluctuations result from interactions between plate tectonics and ocean biogeochemistry. We further present a coupled climate model that shows that winds that induce upwelling change due to continental meander. Importantly, the response of N cycling to changes in upwelling differs as those centers have moved in response to continent configuration. Upwelling induced productivity along low latitude east-west orientated Tethyan coastlines was elevated throughout much of the late Jurassic to Eocene. As Tethys closed, changing N dynamics are recorded by high δ15N, arising from increased N losses from the water column compared to burial in sediments. As upwelling increased again in the late Miocene, albeit weaker than before, along north-south coasts with narrow shelves, and ocean fronts became more pronounced, another abrupt increase in δ15N occurred. The implications on N-fixation is that meridional overturning circulation has separated areas of N-fixation and upwelling, leading to limitation by N in the modern ocean, unlike the situation of Tethys. However, limitation of N-fixation by Fe in the vast Panthalassic Ocean led to the most severe N-starvation.
Nanoparticle display of neuraminidase elicits enhanced antibody responses and protection against influenza A virus challenge in mice
Authors: Pascha Mirte N. , Ballegeer Marlies , Roelofs Marc C. , Meuris Leander , Albulescu Irina C. , Kuppeveld Frank J. M. van , Hurdiss Daniel L. , Bosch Berend-Jan , Zeev-Ben-Mordehai Tzviya , Saelens Xavier , de Haan Cornelis A. M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Current Influenza virus vaccines primarily induce antibody responses against variable epitopes in hemagglutinin (HA), necessitating frequent updates. However, antibodies against neuraminidase (NA) can also confer protection against influenza, making NA an attractive target for the development of novel vaccines. In this study, we aimed to enhance the immunogenicity of recombinant NA antigens by presenting them multivalently on a nanoparticle carrier. Soluble tetrameric NA antigens of the N1 and N2 subtypes, confirmed to be correctly folded by cryo-electron microscopy structural analysis, were conjugated to Mi3 self-assembling protein nanoparticles using the SpyTag-SpyCatcher system. Immunization of mice with NA-Mi3 nanoparticles induced higher titers of NA-binding and -inhibiting antibodies and improved protection against a lethal challenge compared to unconjugated NA. Additionally, we explored the co-presentation of N1 and N2 antigens on the same Mi3 particles to create a mosaic vaccine candidate. These mosaic nanoparticles elicited antibody titers that were similar or superior to the homotypic nanoparticles and effectively protected against H1N1 and H3N2 challenge viruses. The NA-Mi3 nanoparticles represent a promising vaccine candidate that could complement HA-directed approaches for enhanced potency and broadened protection against influenza A virus.