bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between postcesarean delivery inpatient opioid consumption &amp; post-discharge opioid usage: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Veade Ashley , kosmacki alison , Hamilton Owen , KELLY Jeannie , Huang Ruizhi , Zhang Fan , Hincker Alex , Keasler Paige , Hoang Sandy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The United States continues to experience increasing moribity and mortality from opioid misuse with prescription opioids. Prescription opioids account for 32% of opioid related deaths. Cesarean delivery is the most common surgery among females. This makes this patient population directly at risk for opioid misuse as 75% of opioid prescriptions are filled after a cesarean delivery. Creating a plan for optimizing postpartum opioid pain control while limiting narcotic usage is a must. Primary objective was to identify an association of inpatient opioid use and post-discharge opioid consumption after cesarean delivery (CD).
Methods
This prospective, observational study at a single academic tertiary hospital included patients undergoing CD between February to October of 2021. 142 patients met inclusion criteria with 110 (77%) patients completing the follow up phone call. Post-CD inpatient opioid consumption, discharge opioid prescription amount, and sociodemographics were recorded from the electronic medical record. Women with opioid use disorder, wound complication, peripartum hysterectomy, general anesthesia for delivery, or readmission for infection or surgery were excluded. Patients were then contacted by phone approximately two weeks post-discharge to assess the status of their opioid tablets and their subjective pain control. Opioid amounts were recorded as Oxycodone 5 milligram (mg) tablets. Primary outcome was the association between inpatient opioid use and post-discharge opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes included disposition of tablets at two weeks post-discharge. Outcomes were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression between quartiles of inpatient and post-discharge opioid consumption.
Results
After CD, inpatient opioid use predicted outpatient opioid use (r2 = 0.25; p < 0.001): patients in the highest quartile of inpatient use (≥ 13 tablets) consumed a mean of 16.6 tablets as inpatients and 13.1 tablets as outpatients. The lowest quartile of inpatient opioid users (≤ 5 tablets) consumed a mean of 1.0 tablet as inpatients and 1.7 tablets as outpatients (t = 18.1, p < 0.001 and t = 7.8, p < 0.001, respectively). 80/110 (73%) of patients had leftover opioids, with only 5 patients (6%) disposing of their tablets.
Conclusion:
The amount of tablets consumed post-CD as an inpatient is predictive of outpatient opioid consumption with minimal disposal of unused opioid tablets at two weeks post-discharge.
RING1 missense variants reveal sensitivity of DNA damage repair to H2A monoubiquitination dosage during neurogenesis.
Authors: Ryan Charles , Regan Samantha , Tsan Yao-Chang , Mills Eleanor , Gong Emily , Lai Yi-Ting , Sheingold Jason , Patel Khushboo , Horowitz Theodore , Moccia Amanda , Srivast Anshika , Bielas Stephanie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) modifies chromatin through catalysis of histone 2A lysine 119 monoubiquitination (H2AK119ub1). RING1 and RNF2 interchangeably serve as the catalytic subunit within PRC1. Pathogenic missense variants in PRC1 core components reveal functions of these proteins that are obscured in knockout models. While Ring1a knockout models remain healthy, the microcephaly and neuropsychiatric phenotypes associated with a pathogenic RING1 missense variant implicate unappreciated functions. Using an in-vitro model of neurodevelopment, we observe that RING1 contributes to the broad placement of H2AK119ub1, and that its targets overlap with those of RNF2. PRC1 complexes harboring hypomorphic RING1 bind target loci but do not catalyze H2AK119ub1, reducing H2AK119ub1 by preventing catalytically active complexes from accessing the locus. This results in delayed DNA damage repair and cell cycle progression in neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Conversely, reduced H2AK119ub1 due to hypomorphic RING1 does not generate differential expression that impacts NPC differentiation. The greater reduction of H2AK119ub1 dosage observed in NPCs expressing hypomorphic RNF2, however, exhibited defects in both DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. These findings suggest that the DNA damage response is more sensitive to H2AK119ub1 dosage change than is regulation of gene expression.
Higher Inflammatory Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma is Associated with Immune Cell Infiltration and a Better Outcome
Authors: Oshi Masanori , Chida Kohei , Roy Arya Mariam , Mann Gabriella Kim , An Nan , Yan Li , Endo Itaru , Takabe Kazuaki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often develops from chronic liver inflammation. Inflammation within a tumor can either promote cancer progression or activate an immune response against it. This study aims to determine the clinical significance of enhanced inflammation in HCC.
Methods: Data from 655 HCC patients across four cohorts (TCGA, GSE6764, GSE76427, GSE89377) were examined. Inflammatory response was quantified using a scoring system derived from the gene set variation analysis of the “INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE” gene set.
Results: A stepwise increase in inflammatory response was noted from normal liver to cirrhosis, with consistently lower levels in HCC across both GSE6764 and GSE89377 cohorts (both p<0.001). Similar trends were observed in interferon response, pathways such as IL6/JAK/STAT3 and complement signaling, coagulation cascade, and allograft rejection (all p<0.02). HCCs with high inflammatory response were associated with increased immune cell infiltrations (p<0.01) and cytolytic activity (p<0.001). Interestingly, these HCCs had reduced mutation rates, no relationship with cell proliferation, and displayed both immune responses and pro-cancerous signals including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, KRAS, and hypoxia. Further, a high inflammatory score correlated with improved disease-free survival in TCGA (p=0.034) and overall survival in GSE76427 (p=0.008).
Conclusion: HCC with higher levels of inflammatory response demonstrated increased immune cell infiltration, enhanced immune-related and other pro-cancerous-related signaling, and better patient prognosis.
Adverse childhood experiences、marital status and depressive symptoms in later life among the middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults : the mediating role of marital status
Authors: Yu Pengfei , Wang Xiaoman , Liu Jianmo , Luo Haowen , Yi Yingping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Many studies have shown that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) lead to adverse social relations in middle-aged and elderly people and harm physical and mental health, but few studies have focused on the impact of ACEs on marital status in middle-aged and elderly people and the potential influence of marital status between ACEs and depressive symptoms.
Purpose
This study aimed to analyze the effect of ACEs on marital status and depressive symptoms in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population, and to explore the mediating role of marital status in the association between ACEs and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults.
Method
This study used the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2014 life history survey and 2015 and 2018 follow-up data to analyze,ten ACEs conditions and marital status were collected by questionnaire,using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) 10-item short form to assess depressive symptoms. The association between cumulative ACEs and marital status was assessed by constructing a multinomial logistic regression (MLR) model, as well as a binary logistic regression model to assess the association between ACEs and depressive symptoms. The mediating role of marital status in the association between ACEs and depressive symptoms was also assessed.
Results
A total of 10,246 individuals aged 45 years or older were included in the analysis. Compared to individuals who did not experience ACEs, those who experienced two or more ACEs had a higher risk of being unmarried (divorced/never married) (OR = 1.67, 95% CI=[1.10,2.51]) and a higher risk of depressive symptoms (OR = 1.66, 95% CI=[1.49,1.84]) in middle and old age.There was a significant dose-response relationship between cumulative ACEs counts and both divorce/unmarried and depressive symptoms. Unmarried status partially mediated the association of ACEs with depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
Chinese middle-aged and older people who experienced two or more ACEs have higher risks of unmarried status and depressive symptoms, and unmarried status partially mediated the ACEs-depressive symptom association. These findings reveal the fact that we need to develop life-cycle public health strategies to reduce exposure to ACEs and improve the marital status of middle-aged people, thereby reducing the risk of depression among middle-aged and older adults in China.
NEU4-mediated desialylation ignites the oncogenic receptors for the dissemination of ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Wang Long , Shi Jie , Zhou Rui , Wang Shuo , Liu Yuxin , Tian Baorui , Liu Yanhua , Chen Yanan , Hu Taoyu , Mu Yuhao , Wang Shufan , Shao Xintao , Yan Jie , Qu Pengpeng , Wei Ding , Yang Shuang , Shi Yi , Li Jia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Glycosylation profoundly influences the interactions between cancer cells and microenvironmental stromal cells during the peritoneal disseminated metastasis of ovarian carcinoma (OC), which is the major cause of cancer-related death. Although the characteristic cancer glycoconjugates are widely used as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, our knowledge about cancer glycome remains quite fragmented due to the technique limitations in analyzing glycan chains with tremendous structural and functional heterogeneity. Given the dysregulated cancer glycome is defined by the altered glycosylation machinery, here we performed a systematic loss-of-function screen on 498 genes involved in glycosylation for key regulators of OC dissemination. We identified neuraminidase 4 (NEU4), an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing terminal sialic acid from glycoconjugates, as a vital peritoneal dissemination-promoting modifier of OC glycome. In human patients with high-grade serous OC (HGSOC), increased NEU4 was detected in the disseminated OC cells when compared with that in the primary tumor cells, which significantly correlated with the worse survival. Among three alternative splice-generated isoforms of human NEU4, we revealed that only the plasma membrane-localized NEU4 isoform 2 (NEU4-iso2) and intracellular isoform 3 promoted the peritoneal dissemination of OC by enhancing the cell motility and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We also identified NEU4-iso2-regulated cell surface glycoproteome and found that NEU4-iso2 desialylated the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), in particular at N196 residue, for the hyperactivation of EGFR and its downstream tumor-promoting signaling cascades. Our results provide new insights into how the OC glycome is dysregulated during OC progression and reveals a functionally important glycosite on EGFR for its abnormal activation in cancer.
Knowledge of Modifiable Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Diseases, Primary Prevention Practices And Associated Factors Among Type-II Diabetic Patients Attending Public HospitalsAt Shashemene, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: kumsa kebede , Bosha Tafese 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality globally. This is due to the increasing prevalence of modifiable CVDs risk factors such as high blood glucose, high systolic blood pressure, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and obesity. Certain evidence also indicates that increased burden and severity of CVD due to the additive and synergistic effect of the presence of multiple modifiable CVD risk factors. However, there is a scarcity of information about knowledge of modifiable risk factors for CVD among Type-II diabetic patients attending public hospitals at Shashemene, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was designed with major objectives to assess the diabetic patients' knowledge about modifiable cardiovascular disease and primary prevention practices, and to identify risk factors in Shashemene public hospital, West Arsi zone, Oromia, Southern Ethiopia, in 2023. To this end, an institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetes mellitus patients on follow-up at public hospitals in Shashemene Town in March 2023. The collected data was checked for completeness, coded and compiled. The data were entered into SPSS version 20 for further analysis. Both descriptive and analytical results were used to present the findings. In this study 418 type II diabetes patients were participated. Of these, 64.6% were male and the mean age of study participants was 44 ± 15 year. The diabetic clients who had good knowledge of modifiable CVD risk factors were 51.4% and also about 41.4% showed good practices. Moreover, the patients attained primary school had more than 2 times knowledge of CVD risk factors than illiterate ones [AOR: 2.78 (1.64,4.71)p-0.01. Similarly, females had 39% less knowledge and about the modifiable risk factors compared to men [AOR: 0.61 (0.40, 0.92)P-0.01]. Singles were more than 2 times knowledgeable about modifiable risk factors [AOR: 2.42(1.33, 4.40) p-0.00]. Furthermore, college educated patients were more likely to be aware of modifiable CVD risk factors [(AOR: 2.13(1.05, 4.34), p0.03)] than others. In the same way, merchants had more knowledge and showed better primary prevention practices of modifiable CVD than farmers [AOR: 2.33(1.11, 4.89), p-0.01]. In conclusion, the proportion of diabetic patients having good knowledge of modifiable cardiovascular disease and good primary prevention practices were 51.4% and 41.4%, respectively in Shashemene. Besides, illiteracy, sex, marital status, education level and occupation were identified as risk factors for knowledge about modifiable CVD and primary prevention practices. These results may provide some hints for programs targeting fighting against CVD among type-II diabetic patients in Oromia Region.
Investigations on milling performance of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)
Authors: Beșliu Irina , Tamașag Ioan , Slătineanu Laurențiu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the milling performance of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a high-performance thermoplastic polymer widely used in various engineering applications. The study focuses on understanding the impact of cutting feed and machining strategies (zig, zig-zag, and follow periphery) on surface texture and integrity during milling processes. Additionally, key factors such as maximum cutting temperature, cutting forces, and variation in surface hardness are systematically examined and analyzed. Two cutting feed ranges, 0.0167–0.025 mm/tooth and 0.05–0.15 mm/tooth, are employed in experimental setups to explore their influence on the machined surfaces. Different machining strategies are applied to assess their effects on surface quality and integrity. The investigation involves the use of advanced tools, including a confocal microscope and an interferometer (Mahrsurf CWM100, Mahr, Germany), for precise surface texture analysis. In-depth discussions and analyses are provided on the observed variations in maximum cutting temperature, cutting forces, and surface hardness during the milling of PEEK. The findings aim to enhance the understanding of the milling behavior of PEEK and offer valuable insights for optimizing machining parameters to achieve desired surface characteristics. This research contributes to the broader knowledge of polymer machining and provides practical implications for the precision milling of PEEK in engineering applications.
The role of local indigenous institutions in enhancing social capital for adoption of agricultural innovations: A special emphasis in Ethiopia
Authors: Lakew Molla Tadesse 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Researchers tried to find out the socioeconomic and supply-side constraint factors to adoption. However, they overlooked the role of social networks and relationships among the community. Therefore, the aims of this review were to review the roles and negative effects of social capital. Based on its contents, relevancy, and time duration, only 129 (82 journals, 29 books, and 18 paper reports) were selected. It concludes that social capital has an indispensable role in facilitating cooperation and connection between members of the farmers' community, informal and experiential knowledge sharing, and access to research-based knowledge and contributes to reducing the transaction cost of adoption. On the contrary, inside the black box of social capital, the negative effects include the exclusion of outsider’s knowledge and experiences, excessive claims on group members, and restrictions on individual freedom.
Methods for Evaluating the Efficacy and Effectiveness of Direct-to-Consumer Mobile Health Apps: A Scoping Review
Authors: Prentice Carley , Peven Kimberly , Zhaunova Liudmila , Nayak Vaaruni , Radovic Tara , Klepchukova Anna , Potts Henry W. W. , Ponzo Sonia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
There is an evaluation crisis in mobile health (mHealth). The majority of mHealth apps are released with little evidence base. While many agree on the need for comprehensive evaluations to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of mHealth apps, the field is some way from achieving that. This scoping review describes the current state of direct-to-consumer mHealth app evaluations so as to inform how the situation can be improved.
Results
Findings showed a predominance of wellness management apps, focusing on fitness, diet, mental health, or other lifestyle factors. Evaluations were conducted by companies at varied financing stages, with a mix of start-ups, scale-ups, and public companies. Most studies employed full-scale or pilot randomised controlled trial designs.
Conclusions
Participant demographics indicate a need for more inclusive recruitment strategies around ethnicity and gender so as to avoid worsening health inequalities. Measurement tools varied widely, highlighting the lack of standardisation in assessing mHealth apps. Promoting evidence-based practices in digital health should be a priority for organisations in this space.
Molecular Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance Development in Shigella flexneri isolated from Pediatric Diarrheal Patients
Authors: Hossain A K M Zakir , Mina Sohana Akter , Chowdhury A M Masudul Azad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern, particularly in developing countries, and Shigella flexneri is a leading cause of pediatric diarrheal infections. This study aimed to investigate the development of antibiotic resistance in Shigella flexneri isolated from pediatric diarrheal patients. We conducted a comprehensive investigation involving 29 Shigella isolates previously identified from 204 pediatric diarrheal patients. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using antibiotics commonly used in pediatric cases. Conventional PCR assays were employed to detect antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) int1, sul2, and gyrA. Gene expression levels were assessed through RT-PCR analysis. Additionally, plasmid profiling was conducted to elucidate the transmission of antibiotic-resistant genes among pediatric patients. Our findings reveal a concerning surge in multidrug-resistant S. flexneri strains among pediatric patients, with a particularly alarming 100% multidrug resistance observed in infants aged 1 day to 6 months. Multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were identified in the studied isolates. Furthermore, RT-PCR analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between elevated ARG expression and antibiotic resistance. Plasmid profiling revealed a diverse plasmid population, including the novel plasmid pNV-Y394 harboring multiple antibiotic resistance genes. Collectively, these findings emphasize the critical importance of addressing antibiotic resistance in pediatric diarrheal cases, demanding immediate and decisive interventions.
Experimental Validation of FOPI Controllers and Modelling of DC Motor for Robotics Applications
Authors: Kumar Pravin , Kumar Vishal , Tyagi Barjeev 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This work introduces the modelling of the DC servo motor for robotics applications. For the modelled system, it proposes the fractional-order proportional-integral controller. The analysis of different components of the modular servo system has been stated. Various transient responses, like overshoot, steady-state error, delay time, etc., have been considered to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller for the modelled system. The proposed controller has been simulated for various ranges of gain to assess stability. In the last, the experimental validations of the proposed model for the various proportional-integral controllers have also been carried out for the comparative analysis, and the found results are significantly superior.
Characterizing the intestinal chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan sulfation signature in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Francis Kendra L. , Zheng Hengqi (Betty) , Suskind David L. , Phan Bao Anh , Nuding Mason , Hudson Alexandra , Morton Gregory J. , Schwartz Michael W. , Alonge Kimberly M. , Scarlett Jarrad M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The intestinal extracellular matrix (ECM) helps maintain intestinal homeostasis, and pathologic ECM remodeling is implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycans (CS/DS-GAGs) are integral components of the ECM, and alterations in CS/DS-GAGs significantly influence its function. However, it is unknown whether changes in CS/DS-GAG composition are linked to IBD. Our aim was to characterize the intestinal ECM CS/DS-GAG composition in active IBD using mass spectrometry to analyze intestinal biopsy samples. We characterized the intestinal CS/DS-GAG composition in 50 pediatric and young adult patients (n = 13 control, n = 37 IBD; age 7–23) and 6 adult patients (n = 6 control, age 24–67). The abundance of isomers associated with matrix stability (CS-A and DS) was significantly decreased in patients with IBD compared to controls, while isomers implicated in inflammation (CS-C and CS-E) were significantly increased. This imbalance of intestinal CS/DS isomers was restored among patients achieving clinical remission. Across the entire cohort, the abundance of pro-stabilizing CS/DS isomers negatively correlated with clinical disease activity scores, whereas both CS-C and CS-E content positively correlated with disease activity scores. Thus, pediatric patients with active IBD exhibited increased pro-inflammatory and decreased pro-stabilizing CS/DS isomer composition, and future studies are needed to determine whether changes in the CS/DS-GAG composition play a pathogenic role in IBD.