bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urgensi Pelestarian Aksara Pegon sebagai Bentuk Peninggalan Budaya Sunan Ampel
Authors: Munawir Munawir , Adilah Muqouwi Matul , Anggraini Refi Mariska 
Published: January 2024

Walisongo is known for the figures who spread Islam in Indonesia, especially on the island of Java, with a variety of unique ways of conveying their da'wah. One of them is Sunan Ampel whose real name is Sayid Ali Rahmatullah, he has a unique way of spreading Islam through writing the Pegon script. The writing does have a connection with the history of the development of Islam in Indonesia, especially the Pegon script under Sunan Ampel in Java. Where the pegon script was widely used by scholars in the past in making a work. Pegon script is able to protect these works from change. This Pegon script does have its own uniqueness because the form of writing is like Arabic writing, but actually the rules deviate from Arabic and Javanese. Through the spread of Islam by Sunan Ampel on the island of Java, finally the Pegon script was very popular in various circles, even as a form of acculturation of Islamic culture with Java. At present, the preservation of the Pegon script is mostly taught by pesantren through the yellow book. Whereas the preservation of pegon as an Islamic culture should not only be the task of the Islamic boarding school. Therefore, this study relates to the importance of preserving the Pegon script, as a form of preserving Islamic culture in Indonesia which has become a historical symbol of the entry of Islam on the island of Java. Walisongo dikenal dengan para tokoh yang menyebarkan agama islam di Indonesia terutama di pulau jawa dengan beragam cara yang unik dalam menyampaikan dakwahnya. Salah satunya yakni Sunan Ampel yang memiliki nama asli Sayid Ali Rahmatullah, beliau memiliki cara yang unik dalam menyebarkan islam melalui tulisan aksara pegon. Tulisan memang memiliki keterkaitan dengan sejarah perkembangan islam di Indonesia, khususnya aksara pegon yang dibawah oleh Sunan Ampel di tanah Jawa. Dimana aksara pegon banyak digunakan oleh ulama pada masa dahulu dalam membuat sebuah karya. Aksara pegon mampu membuat karya-karya tersebut terjaga dari perubahan. Aksara pegon ini memang memiliki keunikan tersendiri sebab bentuk tulisannya seperti tulisan Arab namun sebenarnya kaidahnya menyimpang dari bahasa Arab dan juga bahasa jawa. Melalui penyebaran agama islam oleh Sunan Ampel di pulau Jawa akhirnya aksara pegon sangat populer di berbagai kalangan bahkan sebagai wujud dari akulturasi budaya islam dengan Jawa. Pada masa sekarang, pelestarian aksara pegon kebanyakan diajarkan oleh pesantren melalui kitab kuning. Padahal seharusnya pelestarian pegon sebagai budaya islam bukan hanya tugas dari pondok pesantren saja. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berkaitan dengan pentingnya melestarikan aksara pegon, sebagai wujud pelestarian budaya islam di Indonesia yang menjadi simbol sejarah masuknya islam di pulau Jawa.
EDUKASI DAN PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN NUTRASETIKAL WEDANG RONDE PADA MASYARAKAT DESA GEGERUNG LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Deccati Rizqa Fersiyana , Muliasari Handa , Permatasari Lina , Saputra Yoga Dwi 
Published: January 2024

Nutrasetikal merupakan pangan atau bagian dari pangan yang memberikan manfaat medis atau kesehatan, meliputi pencegahan dan terapi suatu penyakit. Jahe (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan perenial yang banyak dijumpai di Indonesia dan dapat diolah menjadi nutrasetikal yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan seperti wedang ronde. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini ibu-ibu PKK Desa Gegerung, Kecamatan Lingsar, Lombok Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat diberikan edukasi dan pelatihan pembuatan nutrasetikal wedang ronde. Tahapan pada kegiatan ini meliputi persiapan kegiatan, pelaksanaan sosialisasi, pelatihan pembuatan nutrasetikal dengan metode partisipatif dan evaluasi kegiatan melalui pemberian umpan balik oleh peserta. Melalui kegiatan ini, pengetahuan terhadap nutrasetikal meningkat dan peserta mendapatkan kemampuan di dalam pembuatan wedang ronde. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner juga diketahui bahwa 94% peserta merasa kegiatan ini dirasa sangat baik dan sangat bermanfaat. Peserta juga merasa dapat mengaplikasikan ilmu yang didapat setelah pelatihan ini. Nutraceuticals are foods or parts of food that provide medical or health benefits, including prevention and therapy of disease. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a perennial plant that is often found in Indonesia and can be processed into nutraceuticals that are beneficial for health such as wedang ronde. Through this community service activity, PKK women in Gegerung Village, Lingsar District, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara were given education and training in making the nutraceutical wedang ronde. The stages in this activity include activity preparation, implementation of socialization, training in making nutraceuticals using participatory methods and evaluation of activities through providing feedback by participants. Through this activity, participant’s knowledge of nutraceuticals increased and participants gained skills in making wedang ronde. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it was also known that 94% of participants felt that this activity was very good and very useful. Participants also felt they could apply the knowledge gained after this training
Vapor compression air conditioning system with solar heat collector
Authors: Al-Okbi A. K. , Vankov Yu. V. 
Published: January 2024

THE RELEVANCE of the study lies in the fact that air conditioning systems in Iraq consume more than half of the electricity generation. During the summer, when temperatures rise, the demand for air conditioning increases, resulting in constant power outages. Consumers are starting to use local generation - diesel generators, which increase environmental pollution. THE PURPOSE. Consider the problems thermal energy from the sun is an ideal solution for reducing electricity consumption, increasing the performance of air conditioners, ensuring continuity of power supply and reducing pollution from diesel generators and power plants, as well as saving energy and reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. METHODS. When solving the problem, a comparison of options for standard and (hybrid using solar thermal energy) air conditioning systems was used. In a hybrid system, thermal energy enters the system from a solar collector built behind the compressor. Thermal parameters and level of electricity consumption were calculated. RESULTS. The article showed that a hybrid air conditioning system using solar thermal energy is more efficient than a traditional system, as it increases the cooling coefficient by (38.9 - 46.3%) and reduces electricity consumption by (56.89 - 66.66). %). CONCLUSION. The use of a hybrid air conditioning system in the climate of Baghdad city with a vapor compression air conditioning system reduced the electrical energy consumption of the compressor and increased the performance of the system, which will lead to increased reliability of power supply and eliminate the need to use local diesel generators.
Improving the operational characteristics of electrical power systems of marine vessels
Authors: Savenko A. E. , Savenko P. S. 
Published: January 2024

THE PURPOSE. Consider the experience of use and conduct a study of the electrical power systems of sea vessels to determine the possibility of improving their operational characteristics. Obtain data on noise and vibration levels of electrical power systems elements.METHODS. The article analyzes the electrical power systems of the Azipod type steering columns of the Baltika icebreaker. The issue of regulating the rotation speed of propulsion electric motors using frequency control based on a DC link and parallel-connected inverter units on IGBT transistors is considered. Motor control on the frequency converter side can be based on direct torque control, scalar and vector control. There are control modes for reducing and increasing voltage.RESULTS. Typical dependences of structure-borne noise levels of main engines and generators are given. Measurements were taken at various frequencies of engine sound power levels, exhaust gases and vibration of generator sets. Experimental oscillograms of studies of the parallel operation of diesel generator sets were obtained, on which power exchange and common-mode oscillations were recorded.CONCLUSION. It is proposed to use multiphase AC electric motors to improve performance characteristics, including reducing noise and vibration. The existing experience in using frequency converters based on a rectifier section and inverter units in electric rowing installations with Azipod propellers makes it possible to implement such a change. To do this, it is necessary to parallelize the inverters that supply each of the three phases and provide the appropriate phase shifts.
Drinking Water Supply System in Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Tamrakar Pratima 
Published: January 2024

This study designed to analyze physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of drinking water quality and its management by the city water supply system in the Kathmandu Valley. The study covers 18 core areas including 32 samples sites. Altogether 325 samples collected from intake, reservoirs, treatment plants and deep wells to their connectivity as well as alternative sources such as shallow wells, tube wells, processed water and stone spouts of Sundarijal water supply system. Primary information collected through In-depth interview with 155 households (hhs), 15 focus group discussions, interview with 20 water suppliers (government and private sector) and 30 school teachers and students of linking with water supply system within the study areas. The study analyzed 7 physical, 16 chemical and 2 microbiological parameters (Total coliform (TC) and Fecal coliform (FC) following the standard methods (APHA 2000). The findings have elaborated the water quality in the source is acceptable and it is deteriorate the quality linking with its supply chains and connectivity, which is severely affected by the scaled, rusted, leakage, old pipelines and intermittence of water supply. Most of the sampling sites were microbiologically, contaminated (TC 6->180MPN/100mL and FC 1-7MPN/100mL). The processed water contains lower level of essential minerals because of reverse osmosis treatments.
The fluoride (0.8-2mg/L), manganese (0.1-0.5mg/L), ammonia (52-70mg/L), iron 5mg/L, color (20-25°Hazen), pH (6) and turbidity (32-40 NTU) in deep wells, its supplies, well, tube wells were found beyond the value of tolerance level recommended by NDWQS and WHO guidelines. About 98% hhs used traditional methods for water management; indicates poor handling practices. Hence water quality management is a big challenge in Kathmandu Valley in terms of adequate safe water and requires regular surveillances and monitoring system for improvement.
Knowledge and Practice Regarding Menstrual Hygiene among School Going Adolescents of Kohalpur Municipality
Authors: Mahato Lalan , Poudel Priyanka , Jaishwal Aakash , Pathak Sheetal 
Published: January 2024

Background: Menstruation is still considered as stigma in our society. The talks and discussion regarding menstruation is not quite acceptable because of shame and fear. Therefore many girls and women have become the victim of sour incidents like diseases ,rape ,death ,depression etc. We made a small effort to access knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among school going adolescent girls of Kohalpur municipality through study.
Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from June to September 2021 among 359 students from grade eight, nine and ten of 4 different schools of Kohalpur municipality. Semiopen questionnaire were prepared and analysis was done to access knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene.
Results: 90.3% females had adequate knowledge about menstrual hygiene while 9.75 % females had poor knowledge .Majority of females were engaged in good menstrual practices.
Conclusions: Majority of females had adequate knowledge about menstrual hygiene but it has not being adequately brought into practices and the attitude of females towards menstrual hygiene is still unsatisfactory. As a result there is a need of awareness programs regarding menstrual hygiene and its management.
Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty for Treatment of the Hemorrhoids in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Amit , Adhikari Dinesh , Poudel Saurav , Mehta Anil Kumar , Yadav Dipak Kumar , Parajuli Bivusha , Singh Abhilekh Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Background: Millions worldwide are affected by hemorrhoids (prevalence 2.9%-27.9%), causing symptoms in over 4% of individuals. These anorectal disorders result from enlarged anal hemorrhoidal cushions, often due to constipation. Internal or external, they're graded by prolapse severity, with common symptoms including painless rectal bleeding. Treatment options range from conservative to surgical, with the gold standard, Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy, associated with postoperative pain. Laser hemorrhoidoplasty, a minimally invasive diode laser approach, shows promise, offering less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and fewer complications than traditional surgical methods.
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study of 40 adults undergoing laser hemorrhoidectomy for symptomatic Goligher’s grade II and III hemorrhoids at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal, from June 2022 to June 2023. Outcomes included pain scores, bleeding, operative time, postoperative complications, hospital stay length, return-to-work time, and patient satisfaction measured by QOL SF36 scoring.
Results: Among 40 patients, 16 were male and 24 females, averaging 42.32 ± 12.26 years. Grade III hemorrhoids were found in 31 patients, Grade II in 9. Operative time averaged 17.22 ± 2.14 minutes, with one case of managed intraoperative bleeding. Postoperative symptoms included pain, skin tags, and wound infection, but no reactive bleeding, urinary, or stool/flatus incontinence. Two cases experienced recurrence. Patient satisfaction in general health evaluation scored 65.11 ± 10.35.
Conclusion: Laser hemorrhoidoplasty is associated with less complications, quicker operative time, quick recovery and similar patient satisfaction when compared to surgical methods of hemorrhoidectomy.
Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms among Patients with Hypothyroidism in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Acharya Mukti , Karki Deepak , Shah Surendra Prasad 
Published: January 2024

Background: The correlation between depression, anxiety and thyroid function is widely recognized. These conditions exhibit numerous similar symptoms, which complicates the process of diagnosing and treating them. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of Anxiety Symptoms in Individuals with Hypothyroidism at a Specialized Medical Facility.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive assessment was conducted on 100 individuals who had been diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The evaluation involved the utilization of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A). The study included participants of all genders, ranging in age from 18 to 45 years, who had confirmed diagnoses of hypothyroidism and provided their explicit written consent.
Results: Out of the participants, 73% were females and 27% were males. Among the total sample, 63% displayed different levels of depression based on the HDR Scale, while 65% exhibited varying degrees of anxiety according to the HAM-A scales. When considering males, the most prevalent symptoms in line with the HDR scales were feelings of depression (74.07%) and anxiety (85.18%). Conversely, among females, the most frequent symptoms were somatic symptoms related to the gastrointestinal system (69.86%). Analyzing the HAM-A scales, the primary symptom for males was depressed mood (92.59%), whereas for females, it was anxious mood (93.15%).
Conclusion: There is significant prevalence of depression and anxiety among the patients with hypothyroidism.
Association of Non High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol and HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Thapa Saroj , Vaidya Nirish , Pandey Rachana , Takanche Jyoti Shrestha 
Published: January 2024

Background: Dyslipidemia is a common issue among diabetic patients and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Non-High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol has emerged as a valuable marker for assessing combined cardiovascular risk in diabetes. Measures to improve the Non-High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol within optimal level might improve the glycemic status and decrease the cardiovascular risk. This study aims to examine the relationship between Non-High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol and glycated hemoglobin levels in type 2 diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 544 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The classification of lipid profile and glycemic control was carried out as per the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Plan III and American Diabetes Association guidelines.
Results: Our study found that Non-High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol levels was higher in uncontrolled diabetes (157.9±46.8) compared to controlled diabetes (132.6±40.6), with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). There was a weak positive correlation between Non-High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol and glycated hemoglobin levels (r=0.37).Among the total participants, 226 (41.5%) had optimal Non-High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol level whereas 318 (58.5%) had high Non-High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol.
Conclusion: This study confirms a positive correlation between Non-High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol and HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Dyslipidemia prevalence was substantial, emphasizing the importance of achieving target Non-High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol levels for improved glycemic control and cardiovascular risk reduction.
Use of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Surgery
Authors: Regmi Gunjan , Khanal Kanak , Arjyal Batsalya , Pyakurel Kumud , Pradhan Roshan , Rajbhandari Prasun 
Published: January 2024

Background: Various adjuvants have been added in Brachial plexus block but only few studies have reported the use of dexmedetomidine. Alpha 2 agonist Dexmedetomidine used as an adjuvant to the local anesthetic has been suggested to prolong the duration of peripheral nerve block. The objective of this study is to compare the effect adding Dexmedetomidine to Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular brachial plexus block
Materials and Methods: A Quantitative, comparative cross sectional prospective study was conducted in 78 patients randomly allocated into three groups. Group R received 30ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine, Group B received 30ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine + 50mcg of Dexmedetomidine for supraclavicular block and Group Y received 30ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine 0.5% for supraclavicular block and intravenous Dexmedetomidine 50mcg . The onset time to sensory and motor blockade, duration of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia were recorded.
Results: The onset of Sensory block and motor block was earlier in group B than in group Y and group R. The duration of sensory block and motor block duration was also prolonged in group B when compared with group Y and group R. The duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group B, and group Y when compared to group R.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to Ropivacaine decreases the sensory as well as motor block onset time, prolongs sensory and motor block duration and also increases the duration of analgesia. The action of Dexmedetomidine most probably is local rather than centrally mediated.
Influence of Social Media Use on Employees Self-Confidence among Health Service Providers in Selected Health Institutes
Authors: Thapa Pramila , Bhusal Mahendra Raj , Palladino Francesco Pio , Shrestha Manuka , Lamichhane Nabin 
Published: January 2024

Background: The social media use and its impact on employee self-confidence in the workplace have garnered attention and concern. However, limited studies exist in the Nepali context. Therefore, researchers aim to examine the influence of social media use on Employee Self-Confidence and explore the moderating role of age in the relationship betweenSocial media use and employee self-confidence.
Materials and Methods: Utilizing a quantitative cross-sectional design and convenience sampling, data were collected from July to Aug, 2022, via Google Forms for selected health institutes in Kathmandu Valley. The sample size was 149. Ethical clearance was obtained from Yeti Health Science Academy, IRC, recognized by the Nepali Health Research Council. Modified 11-point items, using a 5-point Likert scale (1 to 5) for social media use and employee self-confidence, were validated through pilot tests, Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, and content validity. The independent variables of social media use and employee self-confidence exhibited robust performance, providing valuable insights for the study.
Results: Researchers conducted descriptive, regression, and moderation analyses to examine the frequency, influence, and moderating role of age in this study. Facebook emerged as the preferred social media platform. The analysis revealed that social media use has a significantly positive influence on employee self-confidence (Beta = 0.588, p < 0.001). Age significantly moderates the relationship between social media use and employee self-confidence, with beta values indicating a negative relationship.
Conclusion: Social media use is gaining popularity, even in health institutes. Effectively utilized, it contributes significantly to the workplace, as evidenced in this study. Age also showed a moderating role, suggesting health care leadership should initiate interventions to foster social media use among employees for increased confidence, and performance.
Outcome of Early Excision versus Delayed Excision and Grafting in Burn Less than Twenty Percent Body Surface Area
Authors: Pathak Kamal Raj , Basnet Surendra Jung , Rai Shankar Man 
Published: January 2024

Background: Burn injuries are a significant public health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical interventions, including early excision and grafting or delayed excision and grafting are crucial for deep burns. This study compares graft take, number of procedures, duration of stay, and burn wound infections between early excision and grafting and delayed excision and grafting groups.
Materials and Methods: A comparative study was conducted at a burn referral center from January 1st to March 31st, 2020. Eighty-six patients (43 in each group) with deep burns covering 10-20% TBSA were included. Early excision and grafting and delayed excision and grafting groups were determined by the timing of the first operation (within or beyond 7 days post-injury). Parameters compared included graft take, number of grafting procedures, duration of stay, and graft site infection.
Results: Both groups had a mean age of 42.6 years, with predominantly female populations. The mean total body surface area % of burn area was 15%. Early excision and grafting and delayed excision and grafting groups showed comparable outcomes in graft take (90.6% vs. 88.16%), mean duration of hospital stay (16.72 vs. 16.53 days), number of surgical procedures (1.3 vs. 1.4), and graft site infection (23.3% vs. 30.2%).
ConclusionGraft take, duration of hospital stay, number of surgical procedures, and graft site infections were comparable in Early excision and grafting and delayed excision and grafting groups for burns covering less than twenty percent body surface area. Delay in excision and grafting did not significantly impact outcomes in smaller burns, providing valuable insights for managing delayed burn presentations.