bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Far Away from Home’: adolescent inpatient admissions far from home, out of area or to adult wards: a national surveillance study
Authors: Holland Josephine , Roe James , Guo Boliang , Dasilva-Ellimah Morenike , Burn Anne-Marie , Dubicka Bernadka , Ford Tamsin , Wagner Adam P , Nazir Saeed , James Anthony , Morriss Richard , Sayal Kapil 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe increasing prevalence and acuity of mental disorders among children and adolescents have placed pressure on services, including inpatient care, and resulted in young people being admitted at-distance or to adult wards. Little empirical research has investigated such admissions.ObjectiveTo determine the incidence, clinical characteristics and 6-month outcomes of patients aged 13–17 years old admitted at-distance (>50 miles from home or out of region) to general adolescent psychiatric wards or to adult psychiatric wards.MethodsSurveillance over 13 months (February 2021–February 2022) using the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Surveillance System including baseline and 6-month follow-up questionnaires.FindingsData were collected about 290 admissions (follow-up rate 99% (288 of 290); sample were 73% female, mean age 15.8 years). The estimated adjusted yearly incidence of at-distance admission was 13.7–16.9 per 100 000 young people 13–17 years old. 38% were admitted >100 miles from home and 8% >200 miles. The most common diagnoses at referral were depression (34%) and autism spectrum disorder (20%); other common referral concerns included suicide risk (80%), emotional dysregulation (53%) and psychotic symptoms (22%). Over two-fifths (41%) waited ≥1 week for a bed, with 55% waiting in general hospital settings. At 6-month follow-up, 20% were still in hospital, the majority in at-distance placements.ConclusionsAt-distance and adult ward admissions for patients aged <18 remain an ongoing challenge for healthcare provision and have an impact on acute hospital resource use.Clinical implicationsLong waits in non-specialist settings increase pressure across the healthcare system, highlighting the need to improve local service provision and commissioning to reflect identified clinical needs.
Impact of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy programme on HbA1c, self-management and psychosocial factors in adults with type 1 diabetes and elevated HbA1c levels: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wijk Ingrid , Amsberg Susanne , Johansson Unn-Britt , Livheim Fredrik , Toft Eva , Anderbro Therese 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) programme, tailored for people living with type 1 diabetes, on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), self-management and psychosocial factors among individuals with HbA1c>60 mmol/mol compared with treatment as usual (TAU).SettingAn endocrinologic clinic in Sweden.ParticipantsIn this randomised controlled trial, 81 individuals with type 1 diabetes, aged 18–70 years with HbA1c>60 mmol/mol, were randomly assigned to either an ACT group intervention or TAU. Exclusion criteria were: unable to speak Swedish, untreated or severe psychiatric disease, cortisone treatment, untreated thyroid disease and newly started insulin pump therapy. At the 2-year follow-up, HbA1c was measured in 26 individuals.InterventionThe ACT programme comprised seven 2-hour sessions held over 14 weeks and focused on acceptance of stressful thoughts and emotions, and to promote value-based committed action.OutcomesThe primary outcome was HbA1c, and the secondary outcomes were measures of depression, anxiety, general stress, fear of hypoglycaemia, diabetes distress, self-care activities, psychological flexibility (general and related to diabetes) and quality of life. The primary endpoint was HbA1c 2 years after the intervention programme. Linear mixed models were used to test for an interaction effect between measurement time and group.ResultsLikelihood ratio test of nested models demonstrated no statistically significant interaction effect (χ2=0.49, p=0.485) between measurement time and group regarding HbA1c. However, a statistically significant interaction effect (likelihood ratio test χ2=12.63, p<0.001) was observed with improved scores on The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire in the intervention group after 1 and 2 years.ConclusionsNo statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding the primary outcome measure, HbA1c. However, the ACT programme showed a persistent beneficial impact on psychological flexibility in the intervention group. The dropout rate was higher than expected, which may indicate a challenge in this type of study.Trial registration numberNCT02914496.
NIMBUS study protocol: a single-centre feasibility study of non-invasive monitoring with bowel ultrasound in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Green Zachary , Mayberry Ella , Ashton James John , Beattie R Mark , Evans Alison , Wahid Amar , Edwards Martin Oliver 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionIncidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in childhood and treatment increasingly targets mucosal healing. Monitoring bowel inflammation requires endoscopy or MRI enterography which are invasive, expensive and have long waiting lists.We aim to examine the feasibility of a non-invasive monitoring tool—bowel ultrasound (BUS)—in children with IBD and explore correlations with inflammatory markers and disease activity measures. Some BUS criteria have been found to correlate with these markers; however, this has not been validated in children.We aim to examine the feasibility of BUS for monitoring inflammation in this population; highlighting useful parameters for this purpose. We aim to inform a larger scale randomised controlled trial using BUS.Methods and analysisThis prospective observational feasibility study will be carried out over 24 months at the Noah’s Ark Children’s Hospital for Wales, Cardiff; with the endpoint recruitment of 50 participants. Children aged 2–18 years with a modified Porto criteria diagnosis of IBD will be included.Patients without IBD or who have previously undergone IBD-related surgery will be excluded; as will families unable to give informed consent.Ultrasound scan images and reports will be collected, as well as laboratory results and clinical outcomes.The primary aim will assess the feasibility of targeted BUS for disease monitoring; including recruitment statistics. The secondary aims will involve data collection and correlation analysis for targeted ultrasound parameters, biomarkers, disease activity scores and prediction of changes in treatment. The statistical methods will include: feasibility metrics, descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation and χ2analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is granted by NHS Research Ethics Committee. The sponsor is Cardiff and Vale University Health Board. We will publish the results in a peer-reviewed medical journal.Trial registration numberNCT05673278.
Impact of pelvic radiation therapy in patients with early neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma and no residual disease in the radical hysterectomy specimen: a NeCTuR study
Authors: Khurana Nilsha , Frumovitz Michael , Flores Legarreta Alejandra , Ramalingam Preetha , Jhingran Anuja , Bhosale Priya , Saab Reem , Gonzales Naomi R R , Chisholm Gary B , Salvo Gloria 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe impact of adjuvant pelvic radiation therapy on the rate and location of recurrences was evaluated in patients with early-stage (IA1–IB2) neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma who underwent prior conization or polypectomy with no residual disease and negative nodes in the subsequent upfront radical hysterectomy specimen. As a secondary objective, disease-free and overall survival were analyzed.MethodsWe searched the Neuroendocrine Cervical Tumor Registry (NeCTuR) to identify patients with clinical early-stage neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma with no residual disease in the specimen from upfront radical surgery and negative nodes. Patients who received pelvic radiation therapy were compared with those who did not, regardless of whether they received adjuvant chemotherapy.ResultsTwenty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria, representing 17% of all patients with clinical early-stage disease who underwent upfront radical hysterectomy included in the NeCTuR registry. The median age was 36.0 years (range 26.0–51.0). Six (22%) patients had stage IA, 20 (74%) had stage IB1, and one (4%) had stage IB2 disease. Seven (26%) patients received adjuvant radiation therapy and 20 (74%) did not. All seven patients in the radiation group and 14 (70%) in the no-radiation group received adjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.16). Fifteen percent (4/27) of patients had a recurrence, 14% (1/7) in the radiation group and 15% (3/20) in the no-radiation group (p=0.99). In the radiation group the recurrence was outside the pelvis, and in the no-radiation group, 67% (2/3) recurred outside the pelvis and 33% (1/3) recurred both inside and outside the pelvis (p=0.99). In the radiation group the 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 100% while, in the no-radiation group, the 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 81% (95% CI 61% to 100%) (p=0.99) and 80% (95% CI 58% to 100%) (p=0.95), respectively.ConclusionsFor patients with no residual disease and negative nodes in the upfront radical hysterectomy specimen, our study did not find that pelvic radiation therapy improves survival.
Effect of aerobic exercise training on pulse wave velocity in adults with and without long-term conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bakali Majda , Ward Thomas CJ , Daynes Enya , Jones Amy V , Hawthorne Grace M , Latimer Lorna , Divall Pip , Graham-Brown Matt , McCann Gerry P , Yates Thomas , Steiner Michael C , Evans Rachael Andrea 
Published: December 2023

RationaleThere is conflicting evidence whether aerobic exercise training (AET) reduces pulse wave velocity (PWV) in adults with and without long-term conditions (LTCs).ObjectiveTo explore whether PWV improves with AET in adults with and without LTC, to quantify the magnitude of any effect and understand the influence of the exercise prescription.Data sourcesCENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE were among the databases searched.Eligibility criteriaWe included studies with a PWV measurement before and after supervised AET of at least 3 weeks duration. Exclusion criteria included resistance exercise and alternative measures of arterial stiffness.DesignControlled trials were included in a random effects meta-analysis to explore the effect of AET on PWV. Uncontrolled studies were included in a secondary meta-analysis and meta-regression exploring the effect of patient and programme factors on change in PWV. The relevant risk of bias tool was used for each study design.Results79 studies (n=3729) were included: 35 controlled studies (21 randomised control trials (RCT) (n=1240) and 12 non-RCT (n=463)) and 44 uncontrolled (n=2026). In the controlled meta- analysis, PWV was significantly reduced following AET (mean (SD) 11 (7) weeks) in adults with and without LTC (mean difference −0.63; 95% CI −0.82 to −0.44; p<0.0001). PWV was similarly reduced between adults with and without LTC (p<0.001). Age, but not specific programme factors, was inversely associated with a reduction in PWV −0.010 (−0.020 to −0.010) m/s, p<0.001.DiscussionShort-term AET similarly reduces PWV in adults with and without LTC. Whether this effect is sustained and the clinical implications require further investigation.
First operation of an ALICE OROC operated in high pressure $${\text {Ar-CO}}_2$$ and $$\text {Ar-CH}_4$$
Authors: Ritchie-Yates A. , Deisting A. , Barker G. , Boyd S. , Brailsford D. , Chen-Wishart Z. , Cremonesi L. , Dunne P. , Eeles J. , Hamilton P. , Kaboth A. C. , Khan N. , Klustová A. , Monroe J. , Nowak J. , Singh P. , Waldron A. V. , Walding J. , Warsame L. , Wascko M. O. , Xiotidis I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNew neutrino–nucleus interaction cross-section measurements are required to improve nuclear models sufficiently for future long baseline neutrino experiments to meet their sensitivity goals. A time projection chamber (TPC) filled with a high-pressure gas is a promising detector to characterise the neutrino sources used for such experiments. A gas-filled TPC is ideal for measuring low-energy particles, which travel further in gas than in solid or liquid detectors and using high-pressure increases the target density, resulting in more neutrino interactions. We examine the suitability of multiwire proportional chambers (MWPCs) from the ALICE TPC for use as the readout chambers of a high-pressure gas TPC. These chambers were previously operated at atmospheric pressure. We report the successful operation of an ALICE TPC outer readout chamber (OROC) at pressures up to 4.2 bar absolute (barA) with $$\text {Ar-CH}_4$$

Ar-CH
4

mixtures with a $$\text {CH}_{4}$$

CH
4

content between 2.8 and 5.0%, and so far up to 4 bar absolute with $${\text {Ar-CO}}_2$$

Ar-CO
2

(90-10). The charge gain of the OROC was measured with signals induced by an $$^{55}\text {Fe}$$

55

Fe

source. The largest gain achieved at 4.2 bar was $$(29\pm 1)\cdot 10^{3}$$

(
29
±
1
)

·

10
3

in $$\text {Ar-CH}_4$$

Ar-CH
4

with 4.0% $$\text {CH}_{4}$$

CH
4

with an anode voltage of $${2975}\,\hbox {V}$$

2975

V

. In $${\text {Ar-CO}}_2$$

Ar-CO
2

with 10% $$\text {CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

at 4 barA, a gain of $$(4.2\pm 0.1)\cdot 10^{3}$$

(
4.2
±
0.1
)

·

10
3

was observed with anode voltage $${2975}\,\hbox {V}$$

2975

V

. We extrapolate that at 10 barA, an interesting pressure for future neutrino experiments, a gain of 5000 in $${\text {Ar-CO}}_2$$

Ar-CO
2

with 10% $$\text {CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

(10,000 in $$\text {Ar-CH}_4$$

Ar-CH
4

with $$\sim \!{4}{\%}$$

∼

4
%

$$\text {CH}_{4}$$

CH
4

) may be achieved with anode voltage of $${4.6}\,\hbox {kV}$$

4.6

kV

($$\sim \!{3.6}\,\hbox {kV}$$

∼

3.6

kV

).
Using entropy bounds to avoid the cosmological singularity and constrain cosmological particle production
Authors: Yu Hao , Li Jin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, we study the applications of entropy bounds in two toy cosmological models with particle production (annihilation), i.e., a radiation-dominated universe and a dust-dominated universe. We consider the co-moving volume and the volume covered by the particle horizon of a given observer as the thermodynamic systems satisfying entropy bounds. For the Bekenstein bound and the spherical entropy bound, it is found that the cosmological singularity can be avoided and cosmological particle production needs to be truncated in some special cases. Our study can be extended to other cosmological models with particle production.
Scalarized black holes in new massive gravity dressed by a nonminimally coupled scalar
Authors: Myung Yun Soo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe investigate scalarized black holes in new massive gravity dressed by a nonminimally coupled scalar. For this purpose, we find the Gregory–Laflamme (GL) and tachyonic instability bounds of bald BTZ black hole expressed in terms of $$m^2$$

m
2

a massive spin-2 parameter and $$\alpha $$
α
a scalar coupling parameter to Ricci scalar by making use of the linearized theory around black hole. On the other hand, we obtain a solution bound of $$0.161<\alpha <3/16$$

0.161
<
α
<
3
/
16

for achieving non-BTZ black holes with scalar hair analytically and a thermodynamic bound of $$1/8<\alpha <13/80$$

1
/
8
<
α
<
13
/
80

for obtaining consistent thermodynamic quantities. Without imposing the GL instability bound $$(m^2<1/2\ell ^2),$$

(

m
2

<
1
/
2

ℓ
2

)
,

we find a very narrow bound of $$0.161<\alpha <0.1625$$

0.161
<
α
<
0.1625

which is located inside tachyonic instability bound of $$\alpha >1/8+m^2_{\Phi } \ell ^2/6$$

α
>
1
/
8
+

m
Φ
2

ℓ
2

/
6

for obtaining scalarized black holes where $$m^2_{\Phi }$$

m
Φ
2

is a scalar mass parameter.
Learning More from Mixed Emotions: A Label Refinement Method for
Emotion Recognition in Conversations
Authors: Wen Jintao , Tu Geng , Li Rui , Jiang Dazhi , Zhu Wenhua 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One-hot labels are commonly employed as ground truth in Emotion Recognition in Conversations (ERC). However, this approach may not fully encompass all the emotions conveyed in a single utterance, leading to suboptimal performance. Regrettably, current ERC datasets lack comprehensive emotionally distributed labels. To address this issue, we propose the Emotion Label Refinement (EmoLR) method, which utilizes context- and speaker-sensitive information to infer mixed emotional labels. EmoLR comprises an Emotion Predictor (EP) module and a Label Refinement (LR) module. The EP module recognizes emotions and provides context/speaker states for the LR module. Subsequently, the LR module calculates the similarity between these states and ground-truth labels, generating a refined label distribution (RLD). The RLD captures a more comprehensive range of emotions than the original one-hot labels. These refined labels are then used for model training in place of the one-hot labels. Experimental results on three public conversational datasets demonstrate that our EmoLR achieves state-of-the-art performance.
“It’s a Lovely Peaceful Gentle Soothing Sound, Why Do You Hate It?”
Authors: Mansouri Shahriyar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This essay examines tinnitus in Samuel Beckett’s Embers as a hidden audiological disability that informs the core soundscape of the radio drama. Henry’s tinnitus as an invisible condition replaces his voice and transforms into a dramatic and personal anchor, one that parodies conventional radiophonic narratives by explicating how the tics of his ears propel his sonic narrative. Henry’s radiographic quest for silence is not betrayed by the phantom sound or the tic in his ears, or his troupe of phantom characters, but rather by his failure to appreciate, reveal, and prove his disability to his hearing audience. To this end, the article assays and expands key concepts in social understanding of audiological disabilities such as ‘dysconscious audism’, and ‘impaired consciousness’, to address a phonocentric culture that either suppresses or normalizes such otological disorders by disregarding them as invisible personal matters rather than a debilitating handicap.
Exploring Directions for Uzbekistan Pre-service Science Teacher Education on the Ecological Environment
Authors: Seo Misuk , Lee Yumi , Bae Kyungsuk , Son Yeon-A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study provides a comparative analysis of pre-service science teachers in Uzbekistan and Korea, exploring ecological footprint, ecological worldview, subjective happiness, and pro-environmental behavior. Using a questionnaire whose reliability and validity had been verified, an online and offline survey was conducted targeting pre-science teachers attending teacher education universities: in metropolitan areas in Korea and Uzbekistan. Independent samples t-tests revealed significant findings: Uzbekistani teachers exhibited a lower ecological footprint but shared a similar ecological worldview with their Korean counterparts, while also reporting higher levels of subjective happiness and pro-environmental behavior. The results emphasize the need for science education strategies tailored to Uzbekistan’s context, particularly the development of the new ecological paradigm (NEP). To enhance subjective happiness and pro-environmental behavior, we suggest employing pedagogical approaches such as case-based or phenomenon-based learning. This research underscores the importance of contextualization, with NEP development, and practical methodologies among Uzbekistani students.
Medical Marijuana for Pain Management in Hospice Care as a Complementary Approach to Scheduled Opioids: A Single Arm Study
Authors: Zanker Theodore , Sacco Joseph , Prota James , Palma Michelle , Viola Lee Kyoung A , Wang Ruixiao Rachel , Liang Yixuan , Cunningham James , Mackary Mona , Ovchinnikova Polina 
Published: December 2023

Background: Opioid therapy is critical for pain relief for most hospice patients but may be limited by adverse side effects. Combining medical cannabis with opioids may help mitigate adverse effects while maintaining effective pain relief. Aim: This single-arm study investigated the impact of combined medical cannabis/opioid therapy on pain relief, opioid dose, appetite, respiratory function, well-being, nausea, and adverse events in hospice inpatients. Design: Adult hospice inpatients using scheduled oral, parenteral, or transdermal opioids for pain were administered standardized oral medical cannabis, 40 mg CBD/1.5 mg THC or 80 mg CBD/3 mg THC. Descriptive statistics detailed demographic and clinical baseline characteristics, the Mann-Whitney test compared outcomes, and the longitudinal mixed effects regression model analyzed longitudinal effects of combined therapy. Setting/Participants: Sixty-six inpatients at The Connecticut Hospital, Inc. were assessed over 996 treatment days; average age was 68.2 ± 12.9 years, 90.9% were white. Cancer was the most common diagnosis. Results: The medical cannabis/opioid combination showed a significant longitudinal reduction in pain intensity ( P = .0029) and a non-significant trend toward lower opioid doses. Well-being, appetite, nausea, and respiratory function showed non-statistically significant changes. Three patients (4.5%) experienced minor, reversible adverse events potentially related to medical cannabis. No serious or life-threatening adverse events were seen. Conclusion: Combination medical cannabis/opioid therapy showed statistically significant pain relief and may have the potential for reducing opioid dose and mitigating opioid toxicity, offering a safe pain management alternative to opioids alone for patients in end-of-life care settings, and warrants further investigation in larger controlled trials.
Preloaded DMEK with endo-in technique: Standardizing and minimizing the learning curve over 5 years using 599 corneal tissues
Authors: Ruzza Alessandro , Grassetto Andrea , Favaro Elisa , Baruzzo Mattia , Romano Vito , Ponzin Diego , Ferrari Stefano , Parekh Mohit 
Published: December 2023

Purpose To report the outcomes of standardizing pre-loaded DMEK with endothelium-inwards and its associated learning curve. Methods Between 2017 and 2021, a total of 599 tissues were stripped using ‘trephine and strip’ method and loaded by folding the tissue as a taco-fold with endothelium-inwards. The folded tissues were pulled inside the funnel of a 2.2 mm IOL cartridge and stored for the desired number of days in organ culture media supplemented with dextran. Donor characteristics, endothelial cell loss (ECL) and mortality assessed by trypan blue positivity before and after stripping, and eventful cases during stripping/loading were recorded. Results The tissues found unsuitable for transplant after stripping (6.7%) were significantly higher compared with loading (0.67%). Central or peripheral tears, fragility of the tissues, and insufficient endothelial cell density mainly attributed towards the discard rate. Mean ECL from pre-stripping to post-stripping was 0.27% with endothelial cell mortality of 0.64% at the end of stripping. Cumulative endothelial mortality fold change (pre-strip to post-strip) was high in the first two years of operation (18.9%), which reduced to 5.1% in the following three years with significant difference (p = 0.0352). Average tissue wastage (3 operators) from first 1–150 tissues was 3%, which significantly reduced to 0.9% after achieving the learning curve (151–250) (p = 0.0492). Conclusion DMEK graft preparation requires a learning curve. However, an operator with DMEK stripping skills can easily adapt to pre-loading a DMEK graft in endothelium-inwards fashion with minimal learning curve.