bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social media marketing content strategy: A comprehensive framework and empirically supported guidelines for brand posts on Facebook pages
Authors: Drossos Dimitris , Coursaris Constantinos , Kagiouli Eleni 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite all the marketing power social media marketing has, a major challenge it faces is how to create meaningful content that ignites a spark with audiences. The purpose of this research is to examine in what way brands can produce compelling social media content to engage and connect with target audiences. Eighteen brand Facebook Pages from nine major industries were reviewed to identify characteristics of content associated with higher levels of user engagement. Results show that multimedia content, transformational appeal, low levels of interactivity, and endorser type influence user engagement with brand posts on Facebook. Posts made on weekdays demonstrate higher levels of positive reactions than posts made during the weekends. In addition, consumer engagement is higher for service‐ (vs. product‐based) Facebook brand posts. Furthermore, the length of the message proved to play a key role in prompting users to share a social media post, in that longer posts were more likely to be shared than shorter ones.
Synergistic and Additive Effects of Menadione in Combination with Antibiotics on Multidrug‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Insights from Structure‐Function Analysis of Naphthoquinones
Authors: Mone Nishigandha S. , Syed Sahil , Ravichandiran Palanisamy , Kamble Ekta E. , Pardesi Karishma R. , Salunke‐Gawali Sunita , Rai Mansi , Vikram Singh Ajay , Prasad Dakua Sarada , Park Byung‐Hyun , Yoo Dong Jin , Satpute Surekha K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) interferes with the effective treatment of infections and increases the risk of microbial spread and infection‐related illness and death. The synergistic activities of combinations of antimicrobial compounds offer satisfactory approaches to some extent. Structurally diverse naphthoquinones (NQs) including menadione (−CH3 group at C2) exhibit substantial antimicrobial activities against multidrug‐resistant (MDR) pathogens. We explored the combinations of menadione with antibiotic ciprofloxacin or ampicillin against Staphylococcus aureus and its biofilms. We found an additive (0.5<FICI
1.0) and synergistic (FICI≤0.5) effect of menadione with ciprofloxacin and ampicillin, respectively. High reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity and inhibition of biofilm formation (>90 %) were also observed. However, preformed biofilms were not affected. Dent formation was also evident in S. aureus treated with the test compounds. The structure‐function relationship (SFR) of NQs was used to determine and predict their activity pattern against pathogens. Analysis of 10 structurally distinct NQs revealed that the compounds with −Cl, −Br, −CH3, or −OH groups displayed the lowest MICs (32–256 μg/mL). Furthermore, 1,4‐NQs possessing a halogen or −CH3 moiety showed elevated ROS activity, whereas molecules with an −OH group affected cell integrity. Improved activity of antimicrobial combinations and SFR approaches are significant in antimicrobial therapies.
Assessing unmanned aerial vehicle‐based imagery for breeding applications in St. Augustinegrass under drought and non‐drought conditions
Authors: Rockstad Greta B. G. , Austin Robert E. , Gouveia Beatriz T. , Carbajal Esdras M. , Milla‐Lewis Susana R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe use of imagery collected from small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in turfgrass breeding has rapidly increased, as has the demand to develop drought‐resistant cultivars. However, prior to adopting UAVs to help guide turfgrass selection under drought stress conditions, a clear understanding of the value and predictive ability of imagery‐based turfgrass characterization is required. In St. Augustinegrass, a major warm‐season turfgrass species grown in the Southeastern United States, limited research has been published about characterizing drought stress using aerial imagery. Specifically, no efforts have compared the various vegetation indices (VIs) commonly used to evaluate vegetative health in other species and sought to identify the most useful index for phenotyping drought stress traits in St. Augustinegrass. In this study, traditional ground‐based approaches for measuring percent green cover (PGC) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were compared against their UAV‐derived counterparts as well as 13 VIs under drought and non‐drought conditions, and broad‐sense heritability (H2) was calculated. A population of 115 genotypes from a ‘‘Raleigh’’ × ‘‘Seville’’ cross were analyzed at two environmentally distinct field sites in North Carolina. At both sites, a significant relationship between ground‐based and UAV‐derived measurements for PGC and NDVI was observed before and during drought (r = 0.82 to 0.95) and suggests a clear advantage to using UAVs for phenotyping drought traits given the reduced time and labor costs compared to on‐ground efforts. Among all VIs compared, UAV‐derived NDVI (NDVI‐U) showed strong correlation with the PGC taken on the ground (r > 0.85), a similar trend over time, and a higher H2 estimate under drought conditions, suggesting that NDVI‐U has the potential to assist in the selection of St. Augustinegrass genotypes with the best phenotypic response to drought. Implementing UAV imagery‐based high‐throughput methods will allow breeders to evaluate germplasm with unbiased quantitative consistency, quickly and thoroughly, and with increased frequency—all without sacrificing the response to selection potential.
Life insurance consumption across generations: The roles of financial knowledge, planning horizon, and self‐control
Authors: Rey‐Ares Lucía , Fernández‐López Sara , Castro‐González Sandra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLife insurance enhances households' capacity to absorb financial shocks and protects against personal risks that no one likes to contemplate. This is even more important in times of economic hardship such as now, when many Europe countries and particularly Spain are going through difficult times due to rising inflation, the war in Ukraine, and the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic. Although previous studies have analysed the driving forces of life insurance demand, the influence of the individual's financial planning horizon, financial knowledge, and financial self‐control have been underexplored. This study analyses the influence of personal financial attributes on life insurance demand and, in so doing, explores whether the effects of such attitudes differ across different generational cohorts (i.e., the silent generation, baby boomers, Gen Xers, and millennials). The data, taken from the Survey of Financial Competences, comprises 7245 Spanish individuals. Evidence from multivariate analyses reflects the relevance of standard sociodemographic characteristics in explaining individuals' decisions to become life insurance holders. In contrast, evidence does not support a statistically significant relationship in the case of behavioural variables such as financial self‐control and the financial planning horizon.
An Assessment of Recent Pharmacy Graduates' Knowledge and Competency, Professional Practice Functions, and Involvement in Pharmacy Teaching Programs
Authors: Bond C.A. , Pitterle Michael E. , Raehl Cynthia L. 
Published: October 2023

Study Objectives. To determine self‐evaluated professional knowledge and competency, functions, demographic information, lifelong learning, degree and training status, practice sites, involvement in pharmacy teaching programs, and salary for recent pharmacy graduates.Design. A survey of recent Bachelor of Science (B.S.) pharmacy graduates of the University of Wisconsin School of Pharmacy.Measurements and Main Results. A total of 371 B.S. pharmacy graduates (55% response rate) provided information. Graduates who had an advanced degree or training (from many programs) after completing their B.S. pharmacy degree, and those who were teaching in pharmacy programs generally had higher self‐rated levels of knowledge and competencies. Hospital pharmacists spent less of their work time in dispensing activities (33.82% ± 30.39%) than community pharmacists (61.04% ± 19.97%;t=8.78,df = 288, p<0.001); community pharmacists spent twice as much of their work time counseling and educating patients (16.65% ± 10.47% vs 7.13% ± 7.39%;t= 9.06,df = 288, p<0.001). The amount of time pharmacists spent in dispensing functions had a negative association with knowledge and competencies in the sections on pharmacokinetic and disease process (r=−0.277, p<0.01), patient communications (r=−0.272, p<0.01), and administrative and economic aspects of practice (r=−0.210, p<0.01) for all respondents. Pharmacists reported that they spent 13.78 ± 14.06 hours per month outside work in professional lifelong learning. There was a negative association between the time pharmacists spent dispensing and the time they spent in professional lifelong learning (r=−0.239, p<0.001), and a positive relationship between the time spent in such learning and the time providing information to prescribers and other health care professionals (r=0.214, p<0.001), monitoring patients (r=0.216, p<0.001), and performing primary care activities (r=0.176, p<0.001). Graduates reported a mean yearly salary of $46,879 ± $8183. More hospital pharmacists were involved in teaching (48, 37%) than those practicing in a community setting (19, 12%).Conclusions. Practice site, advanced degree or training, lifelong learning, involvement in teaching programs, and time spent in various professional functions were associated with pharmacists' self‐rated knowledge and competencies. (Pharmacotherapy 1994;14(6):712–723)
Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in the Rat Testis after Cigarette Smoke Inhalation or Administration of Polychlorinated Biphenyls or Polychlorinated Naphthalenes
Authors: PELTOLA VILLE , MÄNTYLÄ EERO , HUHTANIEMI ILPO , AHOTUPA MARKKU 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTLipid peroxidation products and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied in the rat testis following exposures to cigarette smoke, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), or polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs). Three hours after a single 1‐hour period of smoke inhalation, the levels of fluorescent chromolipids and thiobarbituric acid‐reactive species (TBARS) were markedly increased in the testis (+49%, P < 0.01, and +43%, P < 0.05, respectively). Twelve hours after daily smoking for 1 hour, for 1, 5, or 10 days, such an increase was not found. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), glutathione transferase (GSH‐Tr), or hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS) were not affected immediately, 3 hours, or 12 hours after a single smoking session. Twelve hours after smoking for 5 days, the activity of catalase was decreased (‐16%, P < 0.05). Smoking exposures had no consistent effects on serum follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), or testosterone concentrations. Single i.p. injections of PCB or PCN mixtures resulted in decreases in testicular SOD activity 1 day after the exposures (‐14%, P < 0.05, and −51%, P < 0.01, respectively). Catalase activity also decreased after both exposures (−30 to −42%, P < 0.05, at days 1–7 after PCB exposure, and −37 to −43%, P < 0.05, at days 3–7 after PCN exposure). Ninety days after the PCN exposure, activities of GSH‐Px and GSH‐Tr were decreased in the testis (−20%, P < 0.05, and −26%, P < 0.05, respectively). The only statistically significant change in lipid peroxidation measurements in the testes of PCB‐ or PCN‐treated rats was a decrease in TBARS by 13% (P < 0.01) 1 day after PCN exposure. The main findings of this study were the increase in lipid peroxidation in the rat testis after cigarette smoke inhalation and the impairment of the function of the enzymatic antioxidant defense after exposures to PCBs or PCNs. These results suggest that free radical‐dependent mechanisms may play an important role in the testicular toxicity of environmental chemicals.
Two‐Dimensional Electrophoretic Profile of Human Sperm Membrane Proteins
Authors: XU CHONG , RIGNEY DAVID R. , ANDERSON DEBORAH J. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to characterize highly enriched human spermatozoa membrane proteins by two‐dimensional electrophoresis and computer image analysis. Sperm membrane proteins were extracted by detergent solubilization from three different preparations: 1) washed semen cells following centrifugation and three wash steps in Ham's F‐10 medium (the standard sperm preparation, which is contaminated with seminal immature germ cells, white blood cells, and acellular material), 2) the motile sperm fraction following centrifugation of diluted semen cells through a Percoll density gradient to enrich (>98%) the viable mature sperm population, and 3) sperm membrane vesicles isolated from Percoll‐purified motile mature sperm by nitrogen cavitation followed by differential centrifugation. The two‐dimensional gel profiles of extracts of washed semen cells and motile spermatozoa contained more than 600 protein spots between pH 4 and 7 and apparent molecular mass ranging from 7.9 to 93.5 kDa. Only 73% of the major proteins in these two samples matched by computer image analysis. The highly enriched sperm membrane vesicle extract showed a much simpler protein pattern, with only 64 major protein spots, 61 of which could be matched with proteins detected in extracts from purified motile sperm.The isoelectric point and molecular weight coordinates of these major human sperm membrane proteins could serve as a foundation for systematic isolation and further characterization of human sperm antigens for studies of mechanisms of fertilization and the development of contraceptive vaccines.
Volume Effect of Nerve Hydrodissection for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Huang Chien‐Yao , Lai Chia‐Ying , Reeves Kenneth Dean , Lam King Hei Stanley , Li Tsung‐Ying , Cheng Chin‐I , Wu Yung‐Tsan 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesThis study compared ultrasound‐guided nerve hydrodissection (HD) outcomes using two commonly used injectate volumes (10 and 5 mL) of normal saline to explore if there is a volume effect of HD for patients with moderate carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).MethodsTwenty‐four participants were randomly assigned to treatment with HD using ultrasound‐guidance and either 10 mL or 5 mL of normal saline (HD‐10 and HD‐5 groups respectively). Our primary outcome measures were the change scores of the two subscales of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire: The Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) and Functional Status Scale (FSS). We conducted a one‐way repeated analysis of variance for 3 time points (4, 12, and 24 weeks) for both SSS and FSS, respectively, for change scores from time 0, and percentage change from time 0.ResultsAll participants (n = 12 per group) completed the study. From 0 to 24 weeks the HD‐10 group outperformed the HD‐5 group for improvement in SSS (median ± IQR; −0.8 ± 0.4 versus −0.5 ± 0.5; P = .024) and FSS scores (mean ± SD; −0.8 ± 0.2 versus −0.5 ± 0.5; P = .011). The HD‐10 group improvement in FSS subtest significantly exceeded the MCID percentage‐change‐based threshold of 27% (34%; P = .039).ConclusionsDespite the limitations of small study size, a largely inert injectate, and a single injection approach, these findings in favor of the 10 mL group suggest that the volume used for ultrasound‐guided HD in moderate CTS matters, and a higher volume is more effective.
Dam‐induced riverbed degradation in the Saskatchewan River Delta
Authors: Li Lin , Sabokruhie Pouya , Lindenschmidt Karl‐Erich 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRiver deltas formed by the uninterrupted flow of water carrying sediments and nutrients provide many benefits to humans, including natural resources (e.g., water, aquatic, and terrestrial species) and fertile land. However, the sustainability of river deltas is threatened by large hydraulic infrastructure (e.g., upstream dams), other human activities, and climate change. For example, the Saskatchewan River Delta in Northern Canada is threatened because dams upstream interrupt the sediment transport, resulting in declining sediment levels. The lack of sediment affects the ecology and environment of the delta. This paper will address how dam operation can be adapted to decrease erosion and maintain hydrological, ecological, and environmental outcomes from human activities in the Saskatchewan River Basin, especially the South Saskatchewan River and the river delta. The cross‐sectional data along the Saskatchewan River below the E.B. Campbell Dam were considered for unsteady flow simulations via HEC‐RAS. Insufficient sediment reaches the Saskatchewan River Delta, resulting in ecological changes. The purpose is to give decision‐makers or related stakeholders insight into developing strategies for reducing erosion, replenishing moisture, and restoring sediment in the Saskatchewan River Delta to minimize dam‐induced issues.
Enhancing Metallocene Catalyst Activity: Utilizing Layered Double Hydroxide for Ethylene–Propylene Copolymerization
Authors: Mazhar Hassam , Shehzad Farrukh , Hong Sung‐Gil , Al‐Harthi Mamdouh A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study reports the heterogenization of metallocene catalysts on sodium dodecyl sulfate (DDS)‐modified layered double hydroxides (LDHs) for efficient ethylene–propylene (EP) slurry‐phase copolymerization. The LDH support offers considerable compositional tunability. NiFe LDHs with different anions () and metallic compositions are applied as support for the metallocene catalysts; these significantly influence the catalytic properties of the heterogenized catalyst system. The supported‐catalyst intercalating DDS− anion in the galleries of NiFe and ZnAl LDHs demonstrates a high catalytic activity. They produce EP copolymers with high molecular weights (Mw) and wide polydispersity, compared with the homogeneous Zr catalyst. Further, the supported catalyst complex containing anion produces EP with a tenfold high Mw and demonstrate subdued catalytic activity. The higher basicity of the support is associated with the enhanced activity and the wider polydispersity of the EP pertaining to the different interactions of the catalyst molecule with the support. Overall, Ni‐containing LDH favors a higher activity, whereas Fe‐containing LDH favors a higher Mw. Therefore, NiFe‐based LDH results in both higher activity and molecular weight. 13C and 27Al magnetic angle spinning solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance confirm the formation of the supported catalyst complex.
Comparison between statistical and dynamical downscaling of rainfall over the Gwadar‐Ormara basin, Pakistan
Authors: Attique Raazia , Rientjes Tom , Booij Martijn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper evaluated and compared the performance of a statistical downscaling method and a dynamical downscaling method to simulate the spatial–temporal rainfall distribution. Outputs from RegCM4 Regional Climate Model (RCM) and the CanESM2 Atmosphere–Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM) were selected for the data scarce Gwadar‐Ormara basin, Pakistan. The evaluation was based on the climatological average and standard deviation for historic (1971–2000) and future (2041–2070) time periods under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The performance evaluation showed that statistical downscaling is preferred to simulate and project rainfall patterns in the study area. Additionally, the Statistical DownScaling Model (SDSM) showed low R2 values in calibration and validation of the simulations with respect to observed data for the historic period. Overall, SDSM generated satisfactory results in simulating the monthly rainfall cycle of the entire basin. In this study, RegCM4 showed large rainfall errors and missed one rainfall season in the historic period. This study also explored whether the grid‐based rainfall time series of the Asian Precipitation—Highly Resolved Observational Daily Integration Towards Evaluation (APHRODITE) dataset could be used to enlarge and complement the sample of in situ observed rainfall time series. A spatial correlogram was used for observed and APHRODITE rainfall data to assess the consistency between the two data sources, which resulted in rejecting APHRODITE data. For the future time period (2041–2070) under RCPs 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, rainfall projections did not show significant difference for both downscaling approaches. This may relate to the driving model (CanESM2 AOGCM) and not necessarily suggests poor performance of downscaling; either statistical or dynamical. Hence, the study recommends evaluating a multi‐model ensemble including other GCMs and RCMs for the same area of study.
Extracranial germ cell tumours: Mature and immature (1990–2015). First report by the South African Association of Paediatric Haematology Oncology (SAAPHO)
Authors: Hendricks Marc , Cois Annibale , Geel Jennifer , van Heerden Jaques , Naidu Gita , Plessis Jan du , van Zyl Anel , Bassingthwaighte Mairi , Omar Fareed , Büchner Ané , Rowe Biance , Thomas Karla , Uys Ronelle , Mahlachana Ngoakoana , Davidson Alan , Frazier L A. Lindsay , Donald Kirsten A. , Kruger M Mariana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and objectivesOutcomes of rare paediatric teratomas have not previously been reported nor treatment regimens standardised in low‐ and middle‐income settings. We sought to evaluate treatment outcomes of children and adolescents with histologically confirmed extracranial germ cell tumours, both mature teratomas (MT) and immature teratomas (IT) in preparation for the development of the South African national treatment guideline.MethodsRetrospective data by folder review were collated from nine South African paediatric oncology units. Kaplan–Meier analysis with Cox regression was performed to determine 5‐year overall survival (OS) and prognostic factors.ResultsFrom January 1990 to December 2015, 60 patients were diagnosed with MTs; 14 males (median age 2 months; interquartile range [IQR]: 0–8.75 months) and 46 females (median age 9 months; IQR: 0–88.5 months). Forty patients were diagnosed with ITs; 10 males (median age less than 1 month; IQR: 0–1.75 months) and 30 females (median age 4.5 months; IQR: 1–162 months). There were high rates of upfront surgical resections in patients with MTs (58/60; 96.6%) and ITs (36/40; 90%), and similarly satisfactory rates of complete resection in patients with both MTs (55/60; 91.7%) and ITs (32/40; 80%). The 5‐year OS for the whole group was 85.4%, significantly influenced by stage: Stage I (96.9%), Stage II (100%), Stage III (38.9%) (p < .001 [MT]; p = .013 [IT]). The event‐free survival (EFS) ratio for the whole cohort was 78.7%.ConclusionsFive‐year OS for those with low‐stage disease was excellent, but was poorer for patients with advanced disease. The implementation of a national treatment guideline will facilitate the standardising of surgical approaches, indications for chemotherapy and specifications for follow‐up to improve survival and to collect more robust late effects data.