bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giant built-in electric field enabled quantum-confined Stark effects
Authors: Lu Yuerui , Shunshun Yang , Sun Xueqian , Zhou Fei , Kang Jian , Li Mengru , Liu Xiaolong , Yan Han , Tanju Yildrim , Luo Xiaoguang , Pei Jiajie , Song Hucheng , Qin Shuchao , Liu Youwen , Zhang Linglong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Quantum-confined Stark effects (QCSEs), where external or built-in electric fields modify optical transition energies1-6, have garnered significant interest due to their potential for tuning emission energies to couple with quantum dots, metasurfaces and cavities, etc1-3,7,8. However, only external electric-field-enabled QCSEs in 2D semiconductors have been reported so far1-3, owing to the challenges posed by small and uncontrollable built-in electric fields2,3, as well as charge modulation effects9-14. Here we report the first observation of giant built-in electric field-enabled QCSEs in 1L WSe2/1L graphene heterostructure (HS), based on chemical potential calculations. Electrical control of QCSEs demonstrates a maximum Stark shift of ~56.97 meV. This significant shift is attributed to enhanced built-in electric fields, resulting from the increased chemical potential difference induced by electrostatic doping. While increasing optical doping or reducing the interlayer distance, QCSEs weaken due to the reduced built-in electric fields. By leveraging efficient exciton dissociations from built-in electric fields15,16, the responsivity (R) and response speed of HS photodetectors increase by 6 orders of magnitude and 3 folds, respectively, compared to 1L WSe2. Our results offer a new avenue for expanding the tunability for excitons and exploiting the application potentials for 2D material in photodetectors, polariton transistors and quantum light sources.
Dynamics of bio-based carbon dioxide removal in Germany
Authors: Wollnik Ronja , Borchers Malgorzata , Seibert Ruben , Abel Susanne , Herrmann Pierre , Elsasser Peter , Hildebrandt Jakob , Meisel Kathleen , Henning Pia , Radtke Kai , Selig Marco , Kazmin Stanislav , Szarka Nora , Thrän Daniela 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Bio-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR) encompasses a wide range of (i) natural sink enhancement concepts in agriculture and on organic soils including peatlands, and in forestry, (ii) bio-based building materials, and (iii) bioenergy production with CO2 capture and storage (BECCS), which are also expected to contribute to the German climate neutrality target. While the concepts vary in CO2 removal dynamics, long-term CO2 removal potential, in specific costs and many other factors, a common database is crucial to compare and discuss the different options. To cover this gap, we provide standardised factsheets with many aspects from economics, resource base and environmental impacts to social and political implications. When comparing those concepts, we find different dynamics of their development until 2045: For CO2 removal rates from the atmosphere, natural sink enhancement concepts are characterised by gradually increasing rates, followed by a saturation and potentially a decrease after few decades; forest-related measures ramp up slowly and for construction projects and bioenergy plants, annually constant removal rates are assumed during operation which drop to zero afterwards. The natural sink enhancement concepts and some long-lived materials could be deployed immediately, whilst BECCS and ramping up construction materials still face legal and political barriers. The expenses for removing 1 t CO2 from the atmosphere were found to be between 8 and 520 € t CO2-1. All concepts investigated could theoretically be scaled up to remove over 1 million tons of CO2 during 25 years, suggesting they can become part of a portfolio of CDR measures.
Analysis and Ideal Model Construction of the Geometric Parameters and Thermal Environment Correlation Mechanism of Xi'an's Summer Outdoor Commercial Pedestrian Streets
Authors: Su Yutong , Wang Xuhui , Xuan Le , Wu Tianji , Ge Xin , Wang Zhao , Duan Jingya , Yang Mei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Intensive urban development has resulted in the degradation of the urban thermal environment. There is a growing consensus on the need to enhance urban thermal comfort through well-designed forms, especially in open spaces like urban canyons. To address this, our study focuses on Xi'an's commercial pedestrian streets, employing K-means clustering analysis to create 32 representative models based on actual scenes, capturing their textural characteristics. Simultaneously, 11 geometric indicators (2D/3D) were chosen to quantify the canyon's geometric form. We assessed the spatial and temporal distribution differences in the thermal environment across these models using Envi-met simulation. Finally, Spearman correlation analysis was employed to examine the correlation and significance of the two sets of indicators, culminating in formulating an ideal model. The findings reveal that (1) wind conditions are predominantly influenced by the canyon's geometric form, followed by solar radiation and temperature, with the lowest relative humidity change amplitude among the assessed thermal parameters. (2) Among the 11 geometric form indicators, 3D indicators correlate more significantly with thermal environment parameters than 2D indicators. Specifically, SO significantly impacts the thermal environment, P holds greater significance than De, and both BSC and BSR are significantly correlated with air temperature and wind speed, with a weaker correlation to solar radiation. (3) In the Xi'an region, courtyards oriented north-south demonstrate a more favorable trend in the thermal environment.
Effects of Six Earthquake Scaling Methods on Drift Demand Distribution of Buckling Restrained Braced Frames: A Comparative Study with Endurance Time Method
Authors: Hadinejad Amirali , Zahrai Seyed Mehdi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This paper investigates the effect of six different methods of scaling ground motion records on the response of maximum nonlinear displacement and maximum acceleration of frames equipped with Buckling Restrained Braces (BRBs). The study focuses on achieving the target range of the design and compares the average values obtained with the Endurance Time (ET) method. To achieve this objective, two steel bending frames, consisting of three and nine stories, respectively, which were designed for the SAC project, were selected. These frames were modeled and validated using OpenSees software. To ensure the model's accuracy, the BRB elements were modeled using the Steel02 steel material, along with Pinching4 and Fatigue Material, to make them more compatible with reality. The model was then validated using experimental results. The aim of this research is to evaluate the accuracy and dispersion of various scaling methods of ground motion records in calculating the relative displacement, maximum acceleration, and base shear of BRB frames. The study also aims to determine the most suitable scaling method based on its efficiency and accuracy in a parametric manner. A total of 530 nonlinear dynamic analyses were conducted, and the average results of drift and acceleration obtained from the scaling methods were compared to the results obtained from the endurance time method. The findings suggest that the Endurance Time Method provides accurate results for short structures, but it requires correction for tall structures. Additionally, the IM4 scaling method has unique properties on BRB-equipped frames, making its use logical in the process of obtaining the synthetic ET method record.
A 4096 channel event-based multielectrode array with
asynchronous outputs compatible with neuromorphic
processors
Authors: Cartiglia Matteo , Costa Filippo , Narayanan Shyam , Bui Cat-Vu , Ulusan Hasan , Risi Nicoletta , Haessig Germain , Hierlemann Andreas , Cardes Fernando , Indiveri Giacomo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Bio-signal sensing represents a pivotal domain in the medical applications of bioelectronics. Traditional methods have, so
far, focused on capturing these signals as accurately as possible, leading to high sampling rates in clocked synchronous
architectures. Given the sparse activity of bio-signals, this approach often results in large amounts of digitized data with no
relevant information and in a significant amount of energy consumed during transmission. Here, we introduce a self-clocked
microelectrode array (MEA) that senses and digitizes bio-signals at the pixel level by encoding their changes as asynchronous
digital address-events, significantly reducing the amount of data that needs to be transmitted off-chip. This novel MEA comprises
an array of 64 × 64 electrodes, an asynchronous 2D-arbiter, and an Address-Event Representation (AER) communication block.
Each pixel within the array operates autonomously, monitoring input signals for relative voltage fluctuations instigated by cellular
activity. Upon detecting a sufficiently large signal change, the pixel produces a digital pulse encoded with its corresponding
address. Positive signal changes are encoded as “up” events, while negative ones are encoded as “down” events and, upon
generation, are routed off-chip instantly via the asynchronous arbiter. Here, we present results from the chip characterization
and experimental measurements using electrogenic cells. Moreover, we interface the MEA to a mixed-signal neuromorphic
processor, demonstrating a prototype for end-to-end event-based bio-signal sensing and processing.
Cavitating turbulent flow investigation for the twisted NACA66 hydrofoil using a PANS model with helicity modification
Authors: Geng Chen , Qian Zhaohui , Zheng Kexin , Ye Weixiang , Luo Xianwu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In the present paper, the unsteady cavitating turbulent flow over the twisted NACA66 hydrofoil has been investigated based on an SST k-ω partially averaged Navier-Stokes (MSST PANS) model i.e., NMSST PANS model, where the production term of kinetic energy in turbulence model is modified with helicity. Compared with the experimental data, cavitation evolution, and its characteristic frequency are satisfactorily predicted by the proposed NMSST PANS model. It is revealed that the interaction among the main flow, the reentrant jets, and sheet cavitation causes the formation of the primary shedding cavity near the mid-span and the secondary shedding cavity at each side of the twisted hydrofoil, and further induces the remarkable pressure gradient around shedding cavities. Along with the development of the primary and the secondary shedding cavities, the great pressure gradient associated with large cavity volume variation promotes the vortical flow generation and the spatial deformation of vortex structure during cavitation evolution, and results in the primary and the secondary U-type vortex. Further, DMD analysis is utilized to confirm the interaction among the main flow, the main reentrant jet and two side reentrant jets, and cavitation. These results indicate that the proposed NMSST PANS model is suitable to simulate the complicated cavitating turbulent flow for various engineering applications.
Exploring of the sorption mechanism of endocrine disruptors on a newly developed cost-effective microporous material derived from puck (Afroxtyrax lepidophyllus) shell
Authors: Kouahou Gédéon Nzetchuen , Djioko Fredy Harcel Kamgang , Atemkeng Cyrille Donlifack , Fotsop Cyrille Ghislain , Amola Liouna Adoum , Bopda Aurelien , Ngomadé Serges Bruno Lemoupi , Kamgaing Theophile 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), due to its recognized dangerous effects such as interfering in the hormonal system, requires special attention for scientists. This work opens with the aim of depolluting TBBPA in the environment by adsorption in batch mode using activated carbon prepared from puck shell. Absorbent prepared from the puck shells (CRP) bio-based material have been characterized by advanced techniques such as iodine number, EDX mapping, FT-IR, FE-SEM, XRD, N2 adsorption/desorption. Analysis show a high carbon rate in the activated carbons obtained with a surface essentially made up of acid functions. In addition, the Activated carbon derived from puck shell (CRP) exhibited an amorphous phase consisting of mesopores and micropores. The specific surface area obtained from the BET was 502 m²/g. Optimum conditions of TBBPA adsorption obtained from response surface methodology using Box-Behnken model were 200 mg for activated carbon, 15mg/L for TBBPA concentration at pH 7.6, a stirring time of 89 minutes, with a retention percentage of 87.9%. The mechanism explained from the adsorption isotherms and kinetics showed a multilayer and favorable adsorption involving π-π interactions, possibility of ion exchange, Van der Waals and hydrogen bonds. Computational modeling was carried out through functional density theory and Monte Carlo molecular modeling to elucidate the underlying mechanism. These confirmed the experimental results indicating a strong affinity between CRP and TBBPA in a slightly basic medium with adsorption energy of -135.25 Kcal/mol. The results of desorption process using sodium hydroxide, water and ethanol as desorbing agents obtained show that the CRP are indeed reusable.
Hopf-Hopf bifurcation and spatially staggered time-periodic orbits induced by the joint effects of predator-taxis and delay
Authors: Xing Yue , Jiang Weihua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
When Hopf bifurcation with different modes interact with each other, making the positive constant steady state unstable through Hopf-Hopf bifurcation, it often means that there will be relatively rich time-periodic orbits. It is meaningful and necessary to study the types and stability of these time-periodic orbits. In this paper, we provide a theoretical tool to reveal the time-periodic patterns caused by Hopf-Hopf bifurcation for partial functional differential equations with nonlinear diffusion by means of the normal form method and center manifold reduction. We derive the explicit formulae for the coefficients of normal form associated with Hopf-Hopf bifurcation, which can be applied for the systems with or without nonlinear diffusion. A delayed predator-prey model with predator-taxis is performed to illustrate our results. It turns out that Hopf-Hopf bifurcation will occur due to the combined effects of predator-taxis and time delay. And we theoretically prove that stable spatially homogeneous time-periodic orbits, stable/bistable time-periodic orbits with spatially staggered oscillations as well as transient quasi-periodic orbits exist near the Hopf-Hopf bifurcation point. These phenomena can not occur for the same system with only time delay or only predator-taxis. Some numerical simulations are also presented to verify our analysis expected on theoretical grounds.
A study on the relationship between cooperative education, self-efficacy, and employability of sports major students
Authors: hui zhang , jun chen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the normal operation of the global economy, leading to a significant decline in demand in the job market, leaving sports major students unemployed. In light of this, the present study aims to examine the associations between cooperative education (i.e., family-school-industry partnerships), self-efficacy, and employability of Chinese sports major students. Data was collected from a sample of 384 Chinese university students, consisting of 68.8% males and 31.2% females. Participants completed questionnaires on cooperative education, self-efficacy, and employability. Descriptive statistics and mediation analysis were employed to analyze the obtained data. The findings revealed a positive correlation between cooperative education and employability, with the mediating role of self-efficacy in this relationship. These significant findings serve as a foundation for future researchers to further.
Awareness of Syrian Private University students about the Use of antibiotics for respiratory infections
Authors: Ibrahim Louay , ALsewiti Joseph , Bardan Housam 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background and aim of the research:
The use and selection of appropriate antibiotics in respiratory infections is extremely important. The current study aimed to determine the awareness of medical students at the Syrian Private University about the use of antibiotics in respiratory infections.
Methods and materials:
Samples were collected at the Syrian Private University through an electronic questionnaire that was distributed to the special groups of the Syrian Private University. The samples were analyzed using the SPSS program during official working hours. The sample selection method was convenience sampling. Our required sample size was 295, which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and design. The study is cross-sectional.
Results
The study included (295) students, most of whom were sixth-year students (25.8%). Most of the students used both azithromycin and amoxicillin. Most students answered that antibiotics should be used when suffering from pneumonia (96.5%) and acute bronchitis (45.8%). Most of the students answered that green sputum is evidence of a bacterial infection and antibiotics should be used (30.1%), the ideal treatment for acute bronchitis is antibiotics (50.8%), the optimal treatment for purulent sinusitis and rhinitis is antibiotics (61.4%), and the ideal treatment for the common cold is antibiotics (62.7%), and antibiotics are used for asthma attacks, tonsillitis, and laryngitis (44.1%, 75.6%, 45.5%).
Conclusion
The awareness rate was higher among sixth and fifth year students for each type of antibiotic used. Antibiotics must be prescribed in the case of bacterial pneumonia. The green color of the sputum is evidence of a bacterial infection. Treating purulent sinusitis is with antibiotics. Treating colds is symptomatic. Purulent tonsillitis is treated with antibiotics.
Evaluation of Groundwater Potentiality and Quality in Ikot Ekpene-Obot Akara Local Government Areas, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ekanem Aniekan Martin , Udosen Ndifreke Inyang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Adequate supply of potable water in Ikot Ekpene-Obot Akara Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Akwa Ibom State, southern Nigeria has been of a serious concern in recent times. Consequently, this study’s major goal is to evaluate groundwater potentiality and quality in the LGAs via the use of the electrical resistivity technique and geochemical analysis of borehole water samples to map out the zones for the optimum location of boreholes in the area. The results of the Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) performed at 28 locations in the area show that the lithological succession comprises sands and gravels with minor clay interbeddings at a number of locations. The main aquifer units in the area are found at depths of between 2.1 and 30.2 m, with resistivity values ranging from 40.6 to 2648.1 Ohms-metres. The generated groundwater potentiality map indicates that 89 % of the investigated area has high groundwater potential while 7 % and 4 % have low and moderate potentials respectively. The contamination level in the groundwater is shown to be very low or insignificant. Policymakers in the LGAs can use these insights to effectively manage and utilize groundwater to meet the needs of the masses.
Type-2 fuzzy chance-constrained linear fractional programming model for a water resource management system: A case study of Taiyuan city, China
Authors: Wu Wenyu , Zhao Xuehua , Zhang Xueyou , Yao Liushan , Liu Xin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Uncertainties arising from extreme climate events and human activities pose a challenge to the efficient allocation of water resources. In this study, a type-2 fuzzy chance-constrained linear fractional programming (T2F-CCLFP) is developed to support the water resource management system under uncertainty by incorporating type-2 fuzzy sets, chance-constrained programming, and fractional programming into a comprehensive multi-objective optimization framework. The model enables the trade-off between economic, social, and environmental sustainability and provides water supply solutions associated with different levels of fuzzy uncertainty and risk of violating constraints. The T2F-CCLFP model is applied to Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China, to support its water resource management. Results reveal that: (i) the industrial structure is transitioning toward diverse industries from energy and heavy industry dominance; (ii) external water transfer will be the major water-supply sources for the city in the future, accounting for 55 and 50% of the total water supply in 2025 and 2030, respectively; (iii) the water-supply security of the city is enhanced by provoking the utilization of reclaimed water (the annual growth rate is 13.9%). The results are helpful for managers in adjusting the current industry structure, enhancing water supply security, and contributing to the sustainable development of socio-economic and water systems.
State-of-art of Liquid Hydrogen Carriers: Trends in the Selection of Organic
Molecules
Authors: Stepanenko Sergey A. , Koskin Anton P. , Kukushkin Roman G. , Yeletsky Petr M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Nowadays, fossil fuels represent the main energy source. According to the BP
Statistical Review of World Energy report, in 2021, global energy consumption amounted to
595.15 EJ of which 82% was generated from natural gas, oil and coal. The energy consumption
growth, rapid depletion of fossil fuels and increasing pressure on the environment
threaten the continued sustainability of the global energy system. In this context, renewable
energy sources (RES), which now account for 6.7% are attracting increasing attention. The
key obstacles to the introduction of RES (solar, wind geothermal, etc.) are their nonstationarity
due to seasonality, meteorology and differences in geoclimatic conditions. In
this regard, an important role is played by the development of technologies for efficient
storage and transportation of renewable energy to consumers. One of the most promising
storage technologies is the processing of renewable energy into hydrogen, which, due to the
high mass energy intensity (120 MJ⋅kg-1) and environmental friendliness, can be considered a promising energy
carrier. Nevertheless, the widespread use of hydrogen as a fuel is limited due to the low volumetric energy density
and high explosiveness. Thus, along with the development of technologies for processing renewable energy
sources into hydrogen (e.g., electrolysis), a large number of studies are focused on the development of technologies
for storage and transportation. This study provides a brief overview of the state of the art of these technologies,
with a focus on technology based on the use of liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs).