bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early and late effects of endoscopic interventions in patients with malignant afferent loop syndrome: A single‐center experience and literature review
Authors: Yamamoto Kenjiro , Itoi Takao , Matsunami Yukitoshi , Sofuni Atsushi , Tsuchiya Takayoshi , Mukai Shuntaro , Kojima Hiroyuki , Minami Hirohito , Nakatsubo Ryosuke , Tonozuka Ryosuke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground/PurposeAfferent loop syndrome (ALS) is a rare adverse event after gastrointestinal surgery requiring appropriate early decompression treatment. Several endoscopic interventions have been attempted for treatment, including endoscopic enteral metal stent placement (EMSP), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided entero‐enterostomy (EUS‐EE), and EUS‐guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS). However, there are limited data on outcomes, including duration of stent patency. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of each endoscopic intervention for malignant ALS.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated nine patients with malignant ALS who underwent EMSP, EUS‐EE, or EUS‐HGS. Information on technical success, clinical efficacy, adverse events, stent dysfunction, and overall survival was collected and analyzed.ResultsThe most common symptoms were abdominal pain and cholangitis. ALS was treated by EMSP in three patients, EUS‐EE in three patients, and EUS‐HGS in three patients. Stent placement was successful and clinically effective in all patients with no adverse events. During follow‐up, stent dysfunction occurred in two patients treated by EUS‐HGS. Eight patients died of primary disease during a median follow‐up of 157 days.ConclusionsEach of the available endoscopic interventions for malignant ALS can be expected to produce similar outcomes, including duration of stent patency. The choice of endoscopic intervention should be made based on the characteristics of each treatment.
咳嗽を契機に発症した脳空気塞栓症の1例(Non–iatrogenic cerebral air embolism caused by coughing: a case report)
Authors: 慧 木本 , 祥弘 萩原 , 拓哉 木村 , 隆史 角谷 , 孝臣 小林 , 健亮 藤田 , 崇以 小倉 
Published: November 2023

要旨　脳空気塞栓症の原因の多くは医原性であり，非医原性に生じることは稀である。今回，咳嗽を契機に発症した非医原性脳空気塞栓症の1例を経験したので報告する。症例は特発性肺線維症と肺気腫を基礎疾患に有する63歳の男性。咳嗽の直後に突然の意識障害を発症しCTで縦隔から頸部にかける気腫像と左室内および中心溝動脈を主とした脳表動脈に沿って広範囲に空気塞栓を認めた。MRIでは同部位に拡散強調像で高信号を認め臨床経過と画像所見から脳空気塞栓症と診断した。生命予後を考慮し，保存的に治療したが第2病日に死亡した。本症例は非医原性に脳空気塞栓症が生じることを示している。また，発生機序から慢性肺疾患は発症リスクとなりうることを留意し診療にあたる必要がある。
火災現場から搬送された患者における血中シアン濃度の検討(Analysis of blood cyanide concentration in patients transported from a fire scene)
Authors: 賢彦 海田 , 剛明 松田 , 芳裕 山口 
Published: November 2023

要旨【目的】シアンは火災で発生する主たる有毒ガスであるが，臨床現場においてはほとんど評価されていないのが現状であり，火災傷病者の血中シアン濃度に関して検討することを目的とした。【方法】2014年1月から2023年6月まで当院に搬送された火災傷病者のうち，血中シアン濃度を測定し得た患者を対象とし，その臨床データについて後方視的に検討した。【結果】対象44例中19例が心肺停止であり全例死亡していた。心肺停止例の血中シアン濃度の中央値は3.1µg/mL，中毒レベルが16例，致死レベルが8例あった。一方，CO–Hb濃度の中央値は59.1%で，致死レベルは15例あった。血中シアン濃度のみが致死レベルで，CO–Hb濃度は致死レベルではなかったのが2例あった。非心肺停止25例は全例気道熱傷を合併しており血中シアン濃度の中央値は0.28µg/mL，中毒レベルが9例あった。CO–Hb濃度の中央値は8.5%であり，ともに致死レベルを超えた症例はなかった。シアン中毒群と非シアン中毒群の検討では年齢，性別，総熱傷面積，CO–Hb濃度，乳酸値について有意な差は認めず，人工呼吸期間，ICU滞在期間についてはシアン中毒群のほうが有意に長期であった。【結語】火災現場から搬送された患者においては，シアン中毒の可能性も念頭におく必要がある。
A rapid PCR‐based method to determine the Neurospora crassa mating type
Authors: Schäfer Anke , Kempken Frank 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSo far mating type determination in Neurospora crassa requires test crosses with strains of known mating type. We present a simple, quick, and reliable polymerase chain reaction‐based method for mating type determination in N. crassa.
LEADERSHIP LESSONS FROM FORMULA 1 MOTOR RACING
Authors: Pasternak Ken 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe author has advised and taught business leaders worldwide for the past 25 years, and was previously Director at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. His article examines the business, organizational, and leadership aspects of the highly popular Formula 1 (F1) motor racing. He provides a quick primer on how F1 operates, noting that “Formula 1 racing is a competitive, global industry at the pinnacle of motor sport in terms of technology and innovation.” He notes his own background within F1, including co‐authoring a book that inspired a BBC 8‐part television series, Formula for Success. He outlines the PATL (Performance at the Limit) Framework, in both the article text and a table. It describes the role of individuals, teams, organizations, and partners. He writes: “Surrounding these elements are three dynamic processes influencing performance: Innovating, Transforming, and Integrating.” Another table presents the F1 Performance Pyramid, with leadership and teamwork around Focus, Continual Learning, and Creating a Winning Culture. The final table presents the Plan‐Do‐Review Model. F1 teams “have formal reviews after each of the on‐track sessions. All key decision‐makers and decision‐influencers attend in person or virtually. A template is used to keep the discussion on point and time efficient.”
A FEM for three‐field u–p–η poroelasticity with nonreciprocal interactions
Authors: Campos Bruna , Gracie Robert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe de la Cruz and Spanos (dCS) theory of poroelasticity is a pore‐scale volume averaged formulation and differs from the widely used Biot (BT) theory. A novel Finite Element Method (FEM) is developed for dCS theory to enable the study of nonreciprocal solid–fluid interactions, which are omitted from BT model. Solid deformations are quasi‐static and pore fluid flow is transient; dynamic effects are neglected. The form of the dCS theory chosen includes BT theory as a special case. The governing equations are written in terms of three fields: solid displacement u, fluid pressure p, and porosity η. Fully implicit time integration and a mixed‐element formulation are employed to ensure stability. The convergence rate of the FEM dCS model is shown to be optimal in a one‐dimensional consolidation problem. Examples of a footing and subsurface injection problems in two dimensions further attest the robustness of the implementation and are shown to reproduce BT model results as a special case. The effect of nonreciprocal solid–fluid interactions is studied in all examples and shows a wide range of importance depending on the properties of the porous media (e.g., permeability) and problem‐specific constraints. The developed FEM provides a tool to enable further comparisons between dCS and BT theories and validation in practical applications.
Challenges of COVID‐19 vaccination program in rural areas of Eastern Indonesia: A qualitative study from a multistakeholder perspective
Authors: Nurmansyah Mochamad Iqbal , Samsudin Agus , Listiowati Ekorini , Nurjuman Husnan , Wulandari Yuanita , Asmawati Wa Ode , Soularto Dirwan Suryo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis research aimed to explore the challenges of the COVID‐19 vaccination program from the perspective of multiple stakeholders in rural areas of eastern Indonesia. This qualitative participatory action research involved 115 participants selected from various groups in 20 subdistricts across five provinces, including Health Service workers, police staff monitoring the vaccination program, religious figures, and adult and youth community leaders. Furthermore, focus group discussion was conducted using semi‐structured interview guidelines based on the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) for vaccine and immunization model. The manifest content approach was employed to analyze the visible contents within the text. Implementation of the vaccination program was complicated by contextual, individual, and group factors, as well as vaccine and vaccination‐specific factors. The contextual factors were socioeconomic, religious, and cultural conditions, changes in government policies, and geographical and climatic obstacles. Meanwhile, examples of group and individual factors were people's beliefs of COVID‐19 being harmless and their invulnerability to the disease, along with misinformation and disinformation about vaccination, and fatalistic attitudes. Factors related to the vaccine and vaccination process include limited vaccine supplies, inadequate supporting facilities, and insufficient administration of vaccines. Multiple and complex challenges of COVID‐19 vaccination in the rural areas of eastern Indonesia need attention from the local and national government, as well as other parties including the private sector, socio‐religious figures and organizations, and the media.
Never be mute about bird welfare: Swanning around with environmental enrichment
Authors: Claydon Molly , Brereton James , Rose Paul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnvironmental enrichment (EE) is commonly provided to animals managed under human care, being beneficial to behavioral diversity and improving animal welfare. Use of EE appears to be particularly beneficial to individual wild animals spending a short period of time in captivity, for example, as part of conservation or rehabilitation programs. This paper documents a case study on the application and relevance of EE for a group of captive mute swans housed in a rescue center. Observational data were analyzed for two groups of juvenile swans that were provided with a physical EE device to increase time spent foraging. Periods of no EE were observed and compared to data from when birds were provided with EE. Results show that EE promoted foraging time and helped to reduce long periods of inactivity in captive birds. EE helped to reduce occurrence of captive‐focused (i.e., abnormal behaviors) although these was already seen at very low rates. Inactivity as a measure of welfare in captive swans specifically (and waterbirds generally) should be further investigated to understand potential impacts on bird health. Our research shows the benefits of simple and easy‐to‐use EE devices on captive animal behavior and how use of EE for individuals spending a short amount of time in captivity (e.g., within a rescue center) could ensure diversity of behavior patterns and promote the performance of adaptive behaviors upon release to the wild.
The Holocaust Archival Material Knowledge Graph
Authors: García-González Herminio , Bryant Mike 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearch into the Holocaust faces particular challenges due to the diversity and dispersal of its sources. The EHRI Portal, one of the main outputs of the EHRI project, is a platform for contextualising and integrating metadata about Holocaust-related archival material. In this work we undertake to deliver the EHRI Portal’s archival metadata as Linked Open Data in order to explore the benefits that this model can provide to the field in terms of decentralised data access and integration with the wider Semantic Web. We describe the process of transforming the existing data to a Knowledge Grah aligned with the new ICA conceptual model, Records in Contexts (RiC). As part of this process we describe the challenges and limitations of this alignment, along with future developments that could result in a better fit with our use-case. We envision this work as the first step in delivering Holocaust data to the Semantic Web, allowing partner institutions to evaluate its capabilities and potentially adopt it for their own solutions, making the field more interconnected.
The RML Ontology: A Community-Driven Modular Redesign After a Decade of Experience in Mapping Heterogeneous Data to RDF
Authors: Iglesias-Molina Ana , Van Assche Dylan , Arenas-Guerrero Julián , De Meester Ben , Debruyne Christophe , Jozashoori Samaneh , Maria Pano , Michel Franck , Chaves-Fraga David , Dimou Anastasia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Relational to RDF Mapping Language (R2RML) became a W3C Recommendation a decade ago. Despite its wide adoption, its potential applicability beyond relational databases was swiftly explored. As a result, several extensions and new mapping languages were proposed to tackle the limitations that surfaced as R2RML was applied in real-world use cases. Over the years, one of these languages, the RDF Mapping Language (RML), has gathered a large community of contributors, users, and compliant tools. So far, there has been no well-defined set of features for the mapping language, nor was there a consensus-marking ontology. Consequently, it has become challenging for non-experts to fully comprehend and utilize the full range of the language’s capabilities. After three years of work, the W3C Community Group on Knowledge Graph Construction proposes a new specification for RML. This paper presents the new modular RML ontology and the accompanying SHACL shapes that complement the specification. We discuss the motivations and challenges that emerged when extending R2RML, the methodology we followed to design the new ontology while ensuring its backward compatibility with R2RML, and the novel features which increase its expressiveness. The new ontology consolidates the potential of RML, empowers practitioners to define mapping rules for constructing RDF graphs that were previously unattainable, and allows developers to implement systems in adherence with [R2]RML.Resource type: Ontology/License: CC BY 4.0 InternationalDOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7918478/URL: http://w3id.org/rml/portal/
Awake craniotomy during pregnancy: A systematic review of the published literature
Authors: Mofatteh Mohammad , Mashayekhi Mohammad Sadegh , Arfaie Saman , Wei Hongquan , Kazerouni Arshia , Skandalakis Georgios P. , Pour-Rashidi Ahmad , Baiad Abed , Elkaim Lior , Lam Jack , Palmisciano Paolo , Su Xiumei , Liao Xuxing , Das Sunit , Ashkan Keyoumars , Cohen-Gadol Aaron A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeurosurgical pathologies in pregnancy pose significant complications for the patient and fetus, and physiological stressors during anesthesia and surgery may lead to maternal and fetal complications. Awake craniotomy (AC) can preserve neurological functions while reducing exposure to anesthetic medications. We reviewed the literature investigating AC during pregnancy. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from the inception to February 7th, 2023, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Studies in English investigating AC in pregnant patients were included in the final analysis. Nine studies composed of nine pregnant patients and ten fetuses (one twin-gestating patient) were included. Glioma was the most common pathology reported in six (66.7%) patients. The frontal lobe was the most involved region (4 cases, 44.4%), followed by the frontoparietal region (2 cases, 22.2%). The awake-awake-awake approach was the most common protocol in seven (77.8%) studies. The shortest operation time was two hours, whereas the longest one was eight hours and 29 min. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 13.6 ± 6.5 (2—22) and 19.6 ± 6.9 (9—30) weeks at craniotomy. Seven (77.8%) studies employed intraoperative fetal heart rate monitoring. None of the AC procedures was converted to general anesthesia. Ten healthy babies were delivered from patients who underwent AC. In experienced hands, AC for resection of cranial lesions of eloquent areas in pregnant patients is safe and feasible and does not alter the pregnancy outcome.
Percutaneous coronary intervention in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Aarts Hugo M. , van Hemert Nicole D. , Meijs Timion A. , van Nieuwkerk Astrid C. , Berg Jurriën M. ten , Wykrzykowska Joanna J. , van Royen Niels , Schotborgh Carl E. , Tonino Pim A. L. , IJsselmuiden Alexander , Vossenberg Tessel N. , van Houwelingen Gert K. , Slagboom Ton , Voskuil Michiel , Delewi Ronak 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
The importance of revascularisation of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is unclear. Despite the lack of randomised controlled trials comparing different revascularisation strategies, guidelines currently recommend percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with significant proximal CAD undergoing TAVI.

Methods
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a systematic search was conducted to identify studies comparing TAVI with and without PCI in patients with significant CAD on pre-TAVI coronary angiography. Endpoints were all-cause mortality, cardiac death, stroke, myocardial infarction and major bleeding.

Results
In total, 14 studies were included, involving 3838 patients, of whom 1806 (47%) underwent PCI before TAVI. All-cause mortality did not differ significantly between TAVI with and without preceding PCI at 30 days, 1 year and > 1 year. There were no significant differences in risk of cardiac death, stroke or myocardial infarction between the groups. However, TAVI performed with PCI resulted in a higher risk of major bleeding within 30 days after TAVI (odds ratio: 0.66; 95% confidence interval: 0.46–0.94).

Conclusion
This systematic review and meta-analysis showed no significant differences in clinical outcomes between patients with concomitant significant CAD who were treated with TAVI with and without preceding PCI at both short- and long-term follow-up. However, there was a higher risk of major bleeding at 30 days in patients undergoing TAVI with preceding PCI. In the context of serious risk of bias in the included studies, results of randomised controlled trials are warranted.
Approximation results in Sobolev and fractional Sobolev spaces by sampling Kantorovich operators
Authors: Cantarini Marco , Costarelli Danilo , Vinti Gianluca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present paper deals with the study of the approximation properties of the well-known sampling Kantorovich (SK) operators in “Sobolev-like settings”. More precisely, a convergence theorem in case of functions belonging to the usual Sobolev spaces for the SK operators has been established. In order to get such a result, suitable Strang-Fix type conditions have been required on the kernel functions defining the above sampling type series. As a consequence, certain open problems related to the convergence in variation for the SK operators have been solved. Then, we considered the above operators in a fractional-type setting. It is well-known that, in the literature, several notions of fractional Sobolev spaces are available, such as, the Gagliardo Sobolev spaces (GSs) defined by means of the Gagliardo semi-norm, or the weak Riemann-Liouville Sobolev spaces (wRLSs) defined by the weak (left and right) Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives and so on. Here, in order to face the above convergence problem, we introduced a new definition of fractional Sobolev spaces, that we called the tight fractional Sobolev spaces (tfSs) and generated as the intersection of the GSs and the symmetric Sobolev spaces (i.e., that given by the intersection of the left and the right wRLSs). In the latter setting, we obtain one of the main results of the paper, that is a convergence theorem for the SK operators with respect to a suitable norm on tfSs.
Redox flow batteries and their stack-scale flow fields
Authors: Sun Jing , Guo Zixiao , Pan Lyuming , Fan Xinzhuang , Wei Lei , Zhao Tianshou 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo achieve carbon neutrality, integrating intermittent renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, necessitates the use of large-scale energy storage. Among various emerging energy storage technologies, redox flow batteries are particularly promising due to their good safety, scalability, and long cycle life. In order to meet the ever-growing market demand, it is essential to enhance the power density of battery stacks to lower the capital cost. One of the key components that impact the battery performance is the flow field, which is to distribute electrolytes onto electrodes. The design principle of flow fields is to maximize the distribution uniformity of electrolytes at a minimum pumping work. This review provides an overview of the progress and perspectives in flow field design and optimization, with an emphasis on the scale-up process. The methods used to evaluate the performance of flow fields, including both experimental and numerical techniques, are summarized, and the benefits of combining diverse methods are highlighted. The review then investigates the pattern design and structure optimization of serpentine- and interdigitated-based flow fields before discussing challenges and strategies for scaling up these flow fields. Finally, the remaining challenges and the prospects for designing highly efficient flow fields for battery stacks are outlined.
Surges vs. Waves: Presidents, Popularity, and the Diffusion of Conditional Cash Transfers in Latin America
Authors: Vega Diego 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTConditional cash transfers (CCTs) are a striking case of policy diffusion in Latin America. Almost all countries in the region adopted the model within one decade. While most theories of diffusion focus on the international transference of ideas, this article explains that surge of adoptions by analyzing presidents’ expectations. Out of all ideas transmitted into a country, only a few find their way into enactment and implementation, and the executive has a key role in selecting which ones. Policies expected to boost presidents’ popularity grab their attention. They rapidly enact and implement these models. A process-tracing analysis comparing CCTs and public-private partnerships (PPPs) shows that presidents fast-tracked CCTs hoping for an increase in popular support. Adoptions of PPPs, however, followed normal procedures and careful deliberations because the policy was not expected to quickly affect popularity—which, in the aggregate, leads to a slower diffusion wave.
Future Projections of the El Niño—Southern Oscillation and Tropical Pacific Mean State in CMIP6
Authors: Erickson Nathan E. , Patricola Christina M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe El Niño—Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an important mode of tropical Pacific atmosphere‐ocean variability that drives teleconnections with weather and climate globally. However, prior studies using state‐of‐the‐art climate models lack consensus regarding future ENSO projections and are often impacted by tropical Pacific sea‐surface temperature (SST) biases. We used 173 simulations from 29 climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, version 6 (CMIP6) to analyze model biases and future ENSO projections. We analyzed two ENSO indices, namely the ENSO Longitude Index (ELI), which measures zonal shifts in tropical Pacific deep convection and accounts for changes in background SST, and the Niño 3.4 index, which measures SST anomalies in the central‐eastern equatorial Pacific. We found that the warm eastern tropical‐subtropical Pacific SST bias typical of previous generations of climate models persists into many of the CMIP6 models. Future projections of ENSO shift toward more El Niño‐like conditions based on ELI in 48% of simulations and 55% of models, in association with a future weakening of the zonal equatorial Pacific SST gradient. On the other hand, none of the models project a significant shift toward La Niña‐like conditions. The standard deviation of the Niño 3.4 index indicates a lack of consensus on whether an increase or decrease in ENSO variability is expected in the future. Finally, we found a possible relationship between historical SST and low‐level cloud cover biases in the ENSO region and future changes in ELI; however, this result may be impacted by limitations in data availability.