bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triptolide inhibits proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by blocking Nrf2 expression
Authors: Wang Hui‐feng , Zhao Zhi‐long 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTriptolide (TPL), the main active ingredient of Tripterygium wilfordii, has anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antitumor actions. It can also inhibit cell proliferation and metastasis while promoting apoptosis of several tumors, such as colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mechanism of TPL against CRC is not clear. This study was designed to investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of TPL on the proliferation and invasion ability of CRC cells. A human CRC cell line (HT29 cell line) cultured in vitro was treated with different concentrations of TPL (0, 25, 50, and 100 nmol/L). The proliferation of cells was detected by MTT, the invasion ability of cells by Transwell, and the apoptosis level by flow cytometry. The protein expression levels of nuclear factor‐erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, and MMP‐9 were detected by western blotting. After transfection with sh‐Nrf2, HT29 cells were divided into NC group, NC + TPL group and sh‐Nrf2 + TPL group, and the above assays were repeated for each group. TPL significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion ability of HT29 cells and promoted apoptosis (p < .05). Notably, its inhibitory or promotional effects were concentration‐dependent, which were enhanced with increasing drug concentration (p < .05). After silencing Nrf2 expression, the proliferation, and invasion ability of HT29 cells were further significantly inhibited while cells apoptosis was further promoted (p < .05). Besides, the decreased Nrf2 expression reduced the protein expression levels of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 (p < .05). TPL can effectively inhibit the proliferation and invasion while promoting apoptosis of HT29 cells. And its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of Nrf2 signaling expression.
Primary cutaneous SMARCA4‐deficient undifferentiated malignant neoplasm: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: Gumusgoz Emrah , Graham Bradley S. , Hosler Gregory A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrimary cutaneous SMARCA4‐deficient undifferentiated malignant neoplasm (SD‐UMN) is a rare and recently described entity characterized by the loss of expression of the SMARCA4 (BRG1) protein, which is involved in chromatin remodeling. SD‐UMN presents a diagnostic challenge due to its rarity and unique histopathological and immunohistochemical features. In this report, we present a case of primary cutaneous SD‐UMN in a 67‐year‐old man who presented with a rapidly growing, ulcerated, and bleeding nodule on his right cheek. Histopathological examination revealed a highly cellular dermal tumor consisting of pleomorphic epithelioid cells with prominent mitotic figures and necrosis, lacking any morphological evidence of differentiation. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a complete loss of SMARCA4 and SMARCA2 expression, while INI‐1 expression remained intact. p53 was diffusely expressed, and p16 was completely absent. In addition, a range of markers, including high‐molecular‐weight cytokeratin, p63, SOX10, INSM1, MCPyV, NKX2.2, CD99, CDX2, CD56, ERG, NUT, desmin, androgen receptor, chromogranin, CD34, and CD43 were all negative. To date, only two cases of primary cutaneous SMARCA4‐deficient undifferentiated tumors have been reported in the literature. Therefore, this case report adds to the limited body of knowledge on the clinical and histopathological features of this novel entity. The report highlights the importance of considering SD‐UMN in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated cutaneous tumors.
Use of platelet transfusions and tranexamic acid in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: A clinical practice survey
Authors: Mo Allison , Weinkove Robert , Wood Erica M. , Shortt Jake , Johnston Anna , McQuilten Zoe K. ,   the Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group Supportive Care Scientific Working Party
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThrombocytopenia and bleeding are common in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), but optimal management is unknown. We conducted a survey to identify current clinical practice regarding platelet transfusion (PLT‐T) and tranexamic acid (TXA) to inform future trial design.MethodA 25‐question survey was distributed to members of the ALLG from December 2020 to July 2021.ResultsSixty‐four clinicians across Australia, New Zealand and Singapore responded. Clinicians treated a median of 15 MDS patients annually. Twenty‐nine (45%) reported having institutional guidelines regarding prophylactic PLT‐T. Although 60 (94%) said they would consider using TXA, most (58/64; 91%) did not have institutional guidelines. Clinical scenarios showed prophylactic PLT‐T was more likely administered for patients on disease‐modifying therapy (49/64; 76%, commonest threshold <10 × 109/L) or with minor bleeding (32/64 [50%] transfusing at threshold <20 × 109/L, 23/64 [35%] at <10 × 109/L). For stable untreated patients, 29/64 (45%) would not give PLT‐T and 32/64 (50%) would. Most respondents (46/64; 72%) were interested in participating in trials in this area. Potential barriers included resource limitations, funding and patient/clinician acceptance.ConclusionReal‐world management of MDS‐related thrombocytopenia varies and there is a need for clinical trials to inform practice.
Prefrontal cortex hemodynamic activity during a test of lower extremity functional muscle strength in children with cerebral palsy: A functional near‐infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Licea Joel , Khan Owais A. , Singh Tarkeshwar , Modlesky Christopher M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChildren with cerebral palsy (CP) exhibit impaired motor control and significant muscle weakness due to a brain lesion. However, studies that assess the relationship between brain activity and performance on dynamic functional muscle strength assessments in CP are needed. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a progressive lateral step‐up test on prefrontal cortex (PFC) hemodynamic activity in children with CP. Fourteen ambulatory children with spastic CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System level I; 5–11 y) and 14 age‐ and sex‐matched typically developing control children completed a progressive lateral step‐up test at incremental step heights (0, 10, 15 and 20 cm) using their non‐dominant lower limb. Hemodynamic activity in the PFC was assessed using non‐invasive, portable functional neuroimaging (functional near‐infrared spectroscopy). Children with CP completed fewer repetitions at each step height and exhibited lower PFC hemodynamic activity across step heights compared to controls. Lower PFC activation in CP was maintained after statistically controlling for the number of repetitions completed at each step height. PFC hemodynamic activity was not associated with LSUT task performance in children with CP, but a positive relationship was observed in controls at the most challenging 20 cm step height. The results suggest there is an altered PFC recruitment pattern in children with CP during a highly dynamic test of functional strength. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying the suppressed PFC activation observed in children with CP compared to typically developing children.
Predicting fatigue life of shear connectors in steel‐concrete composite bridges using artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Roshanfar Melika , Ghiami Azad Amir Reza , Forouzanfar Mohamad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFatigue limit states often govern the design of shear connectors in steel‐concrete composite bridges. AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications provides a linear equation in a semi‐logarithmic S‐N curve for predicting the fatigue life of shear connectors. However, this equation can be too conservative in some cases, as supported by the available experimental data. In this paper, artificial intelligence (AI) was incorporated into the prediction of the fatigue life of shear connectors. Six different machine learning (ML) algorithms were considered for this purpose. The predictions of ML algorithms were compared both with the available experimental data and the equation provided by AASHTO. The results showed that the fatigue life predicted by ML methods is more accurate than that predicted by the current equation of AASHTO. The results of this study showed that AI can be a proper alternative to the existing methods for predicting the fatigue life of shear connectors.
Predicting fracture behavior (mixed‐modes I/III) of cement asphalt mortar under fatigue and static loading conditions using response surface method
Authors: Najjar Shima , Mohammadzadeh Moghaddam Abolfazl , Sahaf Ali , Mohammadaliha Mohammadreza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStatic and cyclic fracture properties (Modes I, III, and I/III) of cement emulsified asphalt mortar at three frequencies were investigated in terms of the fracture energy and fatigue life, respectively. For this to achieve, 576 edge notched disk bend specimens with 16 haphazard mix designs including, disparate bitumen‐to‐cement (B/C), water‐to‐cement (W/C) ratios, and cement contents (C) were tested. By developing statistical models (at the 5% significance level, p value < 0.05), the findings revealed that under static loading, the fracture energy got highest in tearing mode and lowest in opening mode. In all fracture modes, the fracture energy decreased with an increase of C and decrease of B/C while the mortar's fatigue life augmented due to a rise in C and B/C. Moreover, the fatigue life gained an increase with the increase in the fracture energy, loading frequency, and Me in the nonlinear trend. The utmost variation of fatigue life was explained with the increase of fracture energy which had the greatest effect in mode‐III loading.
A case of A20 haploinsufficiency complicated by autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Iwasa Taisei , Miwa Takao , Unome Shinji , Hanai Tatsunori , Imai Kenji , Takai Koji , Miwa Yuki , Hori Tomohiro , Ohnishi Hidenori , Matsumoto Munekazu , Niwa Ayumi , Miyazaki Tatsuhiko , Shimizu Masahito 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimA20 haploinsufficiency (HA20) is a recently described autoinflammatory disease that manifests symptoms similar to those of Behçet's disease. However, little is known about the involvement of the liver in HA20. Here, we report a case of HA20 complicated by autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).Case presentationA 33‐year‐old woman was previously diagnosed with HA20 and chronic thyroiditis, and was treated with prednisolone (PSL; 7.5 mg/day) and levothyroxine sodium hydrate (125 μg/day). She experienced general malaise and jaundice, and biochemical evaluation revealed elevated liver function with an aspartate aminotransferase level of 817 U/L, an alanine aminotransferase level of 833 U/L, and a total bilirubin of 8.3 mg/dL. Pathological evaluation of the liver biopsy revealed interface hepatitis and the patient was diagnosed with acute exacerbation of AIH. Upon increasing the PSL dose to 60 mg/day, the liver enzyme levels rapidly decreased. During tapering of PSL, azathioprine 50 mg/day was added, and there was no relapse of AIH with combination therapy of PSL 7 mg/day and azathioprine 50 mg/day.ConclusionThis is the first report of biopsy‐proven AIH in an Asian patient with HA20. This case has significant implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of AIH in patients with HA20.
Struggling with capital: Recovery after severe traumatic brain injury among working‐age individuals in Denmark
Authors: Hindhede Anette L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study uses capital theory to investigate survivors' investments in their bodies and the resources they accumulate during their rehabilitation trajectory, and how these factors impact their perception of recovery from their impairments.MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted with 20 patients of working age and their relatives, with audio recordings transcribed verbatim. Data analysis utilized an abductive approach informed by Bourdieu's capital theory.FindingsDuring the initial phases of rehabilitation (acute and subacute), survivors invest in their physical bodies and acquire physical capital. However, they encounter a range of complex barriers when attempting to convert this capital into the resources necessary for re‐entering the workforce or pursuing education. These difficulties are linked to the lack of specialized community services in the later phases of their rehabilitation trajectory.Discussion and ConclusionPresent‐day Danish healthcare rehabilitation focuses on restoring physical function and recovering physical capital. However, comprehensive rehabilitation to enhance mental and cognitive abilities and increase levels of emotional capital, which is crucial for working‐age individuals, is inadequately addressed within community services. This results in unequal treatment and care, contradicting the stated goal of equality in the Danish healthcare system.Patient or Public ContributionThis study incorporated the perspectives of 20 individuals who have survived severe traumatic brain injury, as well as their relatives, to gain insights into their experiences throughout the rehabilitation process, the resources they have accumulated and how these factors contribute to their sense of recovery.
A configurational perspective on design elements and user governance engagement in blockchain platforms
Authors: Zhang Rongen “Sophia” , Ramesh Balasubramaniam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBlockchain technology offers the potential to create an open, decentralised governance structure that empowers stakeholders to participate in decentralised engagement. However, how blockchain platforms configure their design elements to establish and maintain decentralised systems with high levels of user governance engagement requires further research. This study investigates the key design elements of blockchain platforms and their ideal configurations for promoting user governance engagement. Due to the complex and interdependent nature of the design elements, we adopt a configurational perspective accompanied by a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to uncover complex nonlinear relationships among key conditions that are relevant to decentralised governance. Our research identifies five key design elements that facilitate distributed governance (Access to decision rights,Process visibility,Protocol automation,Incentives for developers/miners, andIncentives for other stakeholders) based on existing blockchain governance literature. We analyse 14 unique blockchain platform cases that adopted on‐chain governance. Our fsQCA results reveal three ideal types of blockchain governance configurations that are sufficient for high generative user governance engagement:Centralised incentive model,Impartial incentive model, andAutomation‐driven model, whereas achieving high evaluative governance engagement requires the presence of all the design elements (Comprehensive model). Also, we foundAccess to decision rightsandProtocol automationare necessary conditions for generative governance engagement, andAccess to decision rights together withProcess visibilityis a combined necessary condition for evaluative governance engagement. Relevant theoretical and practical implications for platform designers as well as methodological implications for applying QCA to emerging IS phenomena are discussed.
A systematic review of the efficacy, safety and satisfaction of regenerative medicine treatments, including platelet‐rich plasma, stromal vascular fraction and stem cell‐conditioned medium for hypertrophic scars and keloids
Authors: Jafarzadeh Alireza , PourMohammad Arash , Goodarzi Azadeh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe primary objective of this study is to examine the efficiency of various regenerative medicine approaches, such as platelet‐rich plasma, cell therapy, stromal vascular fraction, exosomes and stem cell‐conditioned medium, in the process of healing hypertrophic and keloid scars. Major databases including PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched, and based on the content of the articles and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight articles were selected. Out of these eight articles, there were two non‐randomized clinical trial studies (25%), one randomized, single‐blinded comparative study (12.5%), one retrospective clinical observational study (12.5%) and four randomized clinical trial studies (50%). We employed EndNote X8 and Google Sheets to conduct article reviews and extract relevant data. Following the review phase, the studies underwent analysis and categorization. In all eight reviewed studies, the effectiveness of regenerative medicine in treating hypertrophic scars and keloids has been proven. Out of these studies, five (62.5%) focused on the effectiveness of platelet‐rich plasma, two study (25%) examined the effectiveness of stromal vascular fraction and one study (12.5%) explored the efficacy of stem cell‐conditioned medium. In two studies (25%), the treatment methods were added to standard treatment, while in six studies (75%), regenerative medicine was used as the sole treatment method and compared with standard treatment. The use of these treatment methods did not result in any serious side effects for the patients. Regenerative medicine is an effective method with minimal side effects for the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids. It can be used as a monotherapy or in combination with other treatment methods. However, further studies are needed to thoroughly evaluate the effectiveness of all sub‐branches of this method.
Evaluating a technologically enhanced rehabilitation programme for wound healing in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Hong Feifei , Liu Feifei , Li Yan , Liu Pengxi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWound healing symptoms in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) are frequently problematic, potentially resulting in complications. In order to tackle this concern, a state‐of‐the‐art rehabilitation programme was created, which incorporated telehealth, virtual reality and robotics in an effort to optimize wound healing in patients with coronary heart disease. The purpose of this research was to assess the efficacy of a rehabilitation programme that utilized cutting‐edge technology in enhancing the outcomes of wound recovery for individuals diagnosed with (CHD). Data from 120 CHD patients who participated in this longitudinal randomized controlled trial of a specialized rehabilitation programme intended to promote wound repair were utilized in a cross‐sectional analysis. Anthropometric measurements, sociodemographical factors, exercise capacity and the progression of wound recovery were gathered as data. The research participants were primarily comprised of older males from various socioeconomic backgrounds. Age, gender, BMI, socio‐educational orientation, physical activity, identified regulation and identified regulation were all significant determinants of wound healing. The significance of customized strategies in cardiac rehabilitation programmes that aim to achieve favourable wound healing outcomes is underscored by these results. In conclusion, this study emphasized the importance of incorporating unique patient attributes when designing technologically advanced rehabilitation protocols aimed at facilitating wound recovery in patients with coronary heart disease. Personalized interventions that consider these variables could potentially result in improved outcomes for wound healing among this particular group of patients.
Visualization of the relationship between macrophage and wound healing from the perspective of bibliometric analysis
Authors: Guo Qiang , Li Wanqing , Xie Ruijie , Wang Yulin , Xie Yuchen , Cheng Kunming , Sun Zhiming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMacrophages play a crucial role in aiding all phases of the wound‐healing process and has garnered increasing attention recently. Although a substantial body of related studies has been published, there remains a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analysis. In this study, we collected 4296 papers from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Three tools including CiteSpace, VOSviewer and one online analytical platform were employed to conduct bibliometric analysis and data visualization. Our results revealed that the annual number of publications related to macrophage and wound healing has increased exponentially with the year. The United States and China stand as the primary driving forces within this field, collectively constituting 58.2% of the total publication output. The application of biomaterials was one of the most concerned research areas in this field. According to references analysis, the current research focus has shifted to diabetic wound healing and regulating macrophage polarization. Based on the keywords analysis, we identified the following research frontiers in the future: exosomes and other extracellular vesicles; bio‐derived materials and drug delivery methods such as nanoparticles, scaffolds and hydrogels; immunomodulation and macrophage polarization in the M2‐state; chronic wounds, particularly those associated with diabetes; antimicrobial peptides; and antioxidant. Additionally, TNF, IL‐6, IL‐10, TGF‐β1 and VEGF ranked as the five genes that have garnered the most research attention in the intersection of macrophage and wound healing. All in all, our findings offered researchers a holistic view of the ongoing progress in the field of macrophages and wound healing, serving as a valuable reference for scholars and policymakers in this domain.
Tweets versus broadsheets: Sentiment impact on stock markets around the world
Authors: Gan Baoqing , Alexeev Vitali , Yeung Danny 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe contrast sentiment derived from social and news media to investigate its impact across 14 international markets. We find that heightened media sentiment during nontrading periods significantly affects the next day's opening returns even after accounting for the previous‐day activity. Markedly, only the US market exhibits strong reactions to social media, whereas other markets are more responsive to the news. We find that most variability in overnight returns is explained by sentiment aggregated 3 h before markets open. Our findings suggest that the overnight sentiment does not simply subsume previous‐day market activity but contains additional information that helps improve predictability in return forecasting models.