bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Orthodontic Records Keeping: A clinical audit
Authors: Elsheikhi Fatma 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To assess the quality of keeping orthodontic records. A further aim was to raise awareness of undertaking clinical audits to improve the quality of patient care.
Methods: Retrospective records of 50 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, were collected to assess the quality of clinical record keeping in practice. The assessment was done by one orthodontist, by measuring 11 different criteria. Furthermore, to decide on any future changes to be done. Statistical analysis was done by descriptive analysis.
Results: The personal information were taken by 100%. Medical history was consistently checked but not updated or signed. 64% of cases came to the clinic with referral letters. The oral examination showed that 42% of patients had good oral hygiene, with 50% had fair oral hygiene, while, 8% with poor oral hygiene. 38% of patients had carious lesions. A form for treatment plan consent was not used, it had been taking verbally by 98%. The skeletal pattern showed, class I by 42%, class II was 52%, while class III accounted for 6%. On the other hand, dental malocclusion showed the following: 30% of class I, 56% class II division 1, 6% class II division 2 and class III 8%.
Conclusion: This self-audit highlights the shortcomings in the collected records. Furthermore, this procedure shows how an audit can be performed in any area of orthodontics to improve the quality of patient care.
Nurses' Awareness of Patient Privacy and Confidentiality in Benghazi Medical Centre (BMC): A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Omar Fatma Abdalla Atitalla , Eltarhuni Ainas Salem , Elamrony Randa Mahmoud Gadalla , Kutran Huda 
Published: December 2023

Background:- Respect for the privacy of patients and the confidentiality of their information, personal data is a fundamental principle of patient rights. All healthcare providers, especially physicians and nurses play a crucial role as guardians of patient safety and rights therefore this study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness of patients’ rights among nurses at the Benghazi Medical Center.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 184 nurses at the gynecology and obstetrics department of the Benghazi Medical Center, using a self-administrated questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: personal characteristics, and the knowledge towards privacy part (21 statements), and confidentiality (11 statements). Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) were used to describe the knowledge of privacy and confidentiality among nurses. A relation test was used to measure the association between privacy and confidentiality with personal data. Also, statistical significance was set at a P- value of <0.05.
Results: 67.9% of the nurses reported that they had experienced patient rights. The knowledge about privacy among nurses in the target hospital was high, and the most common knowledge was: during the examination, treatment, and care, all healthcare professionals should be careful about the protection of patient privacy (91.8%) and nursing care to protect privacy in the work environment (91.3%). Concerning confidentality, nurses had a high level of knowledge in general, and the highest level of knowledge was in the statement ‘patients must get all kind of health service in an environment that is suitable for confidentiality’. The result found there was no association between personal characteristics and privacy and confidentiality.
Conclusion:- It was concluded that nurses commonly encounter patient rights issues in their workplace. However, the majority of the nurses who participated in the study had a very good level of knowledge about privacy and confidentiality. Age, educational level or length of working experience was insignificantly associated with the level of knowledge of privacy and confidentiality.
Energy and Exergy Analysis for Unit13E1 of Benghazi Combined Cycle Power Plant
Authors: Elfeituri Idris , El Gehani Hamza 
Published: December 2023

Presented in this paper, an exhaustive energy-exergy analysis of a 476 MW combined cycle power plant located in Benghazi-Libya, as an example to illustrate the utility and importance of exergy analysis compared with energy analysis. The proposed power plant cycle was simplified into sub-systems and modelled. These models of mass, energy and exergy balance equations were applied to each sub-system and farther validated by the manufacturer’s data at design operating condition. The results indicate that, the power plant has an overall energy and exergy efficiencies of 55.0% and 52.0% respectively. The total exergy destruction rate is found to be 444.2 MW (48.3 % of fuel input exergy). Significant exergy destruction rate is found to occur in the combustion chamber which contributes a major share of 340.7 MW (37.06%), followed by heat recovery steam generator with 35.7MW (4. %). Moreover, the results of the exergy analysis are compared with those of energy analysis. The comparison is quite of interest. The exergy analysis is much more enlightening, because the dissipations and efficiencies measured with availability are true one, where as those measured with energy are erroneous and misleading. The benefit of this study has enabled us to identify sites where loss of useful energy (exergy) takes place in a power plant and its performance can be evaluated. The results presented here are of real practical value in many ways, they can be valuable for the academic research interest.
El control estatal sobre el autocultivo de cannabis con fines medicinales
Authors: Álvarez Eugenia 
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto analizar lo resuelto por la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación con fecha 5 de julio de 2022 en el marco de la causa caratulada “Asociación Civil Macame y otros c/ Estado Nacional Argentino - P.E.N. s/ amparo ley 16.986”, en la cual se trató la acción de amparo interpuesta por una asociación civil junto con un grupo de madres a fin de que se les garantizara el acceso gratuito al aceite de cannabis sin forzar a los niños a someterse a un programa estatal de investigación experimental, y cuestionando toda aquella norma que prohibiera el autocultivo para el consumo medicinal de los menores de edad a su cargo. El máximo tribunal rechazó por unanimidad la acción intentada, afirmando que el Estado se encuentra obligado por nuestra Constitución Nacional a adoptar medidas tendientes a salvaguardar el derecho a la salud, y que el registro creado con tales fines –Reprocann– implicaba un control estatal razonable.
Le rôle des conseillers et l’efficacité de l’aide des maisons de France Services dans l'adoption de démarches numériques de services publics
Authors: Leroux Erick , Pupion Pierre-Charles , Lancella Fabienne 
Published: December 2023

Les plans de développement de l’e-administration incluent désormais un volet de lutte contre l’illectronisme et d’accompagnement des usagers dans leur démarche en ligne. Notre recherche analyse les effets et l’efficacité d’un dispositif d’accompagnement-aide en e-administration. Elle s’inscrit dans un nouveau courant de recherche qui identifie l’impact de l’aide sur les facteurs facilitateurs et inhibiteurs de l’usage d’une technologie. L’originalité du modèle tient à ce qu’il explique l’effet de l’organisation de l’aide sur l’appropriation des démarches en ligne. Il inclut les trois phases de l’adoption affectées par l’aide : acceptation a priori expliquant le recours aux maisons de France Services, effet de l’organisation de l’aide sur l’acceptation d’une technologie et enfin mesures de l’appropriation de la technologie ou dépendance à l’aide. Les résultats de l’étude réalisée par enquête auprès de 248 agents de France Services font apparaître l’effet de certains traits organisationnels qui affectent la facilité d’usage acquise et l’utilité perçue en agissant respectivement sur l’attitude des usagers face à la dématérialisation par les explications délivrées et par le succès de l’aide apportée. Ils révèlent de façon originale un comportement de dépendance à l’aide s’expliquant par l’anxiété et par la qualité du service rendu. Ces analyses sur l’action des maisons de France Services sont construites à partir des perceptions de leurs agents. En effet, le public qui sollicite cette aide est par essence en difficulté et n’a pas la capacité, en raison de l’effet dit de Kruger-Dunning, d’évaluer son autonomie et la qualité du service fourni.
Rôle d’un tiers-lieu, le « grin », dans la satisfaction-clients dans les garages automobiles informels de Bamako
Authors: Kamissoko Boubacar 
Published: December 2023

« Grin », que l’on peut traduire par un lieu de causerie en langue Bambara, est un endroit au Mali où sont débattus des sujets d’actualité, des problèmes familiaux, des affaires entre amis voire entre prestataires de services et clients. Différent de la maison et du lieu de travail, le grin dispose de toutes les caractéristiques d’un tiers-lieu. Cependant, son rôle dans le rapprochement entre les prestataires de services et les clients est ignoré voire méconnu. Ce travail vise à comprendre le rôle du grin dans la satisfaction des clients des garages automobiles informels de la commune 6 de Bamako. Ainsi, nous avons effectué notre guide d’entretien auprès de 5 mécaniciens, 5 électriciens, 5 tôliers, 15 clients de 5 ateliers dont 3 choisis par atelier ainsi que 5 personnes différentes de ces catégories énumérées intervenant dans ce tiers-lieu. Pour ce faire, ces entretiens ont été analysés manuellement conformément à l’analyse thématique de Paillé et Muchielli. Les résultats montrent que le grin contribue positivement à la satisfaction relationnelle. L’étude relève l’importance des grins dans le processus de satisfaction dans les garages automobiles de la Commune 6 de Bamako.
Le brevet européen à effet unitaire
Authors: Ocvirk Philippe 
Published: December 2023

Après dix ans, le paquet brevet unitaire est entré en vigueur le 1 er juin dernier ; c’est une révolution dans le domaine des brevets en Europe. Nouvel outil à la disposition des déposants à l’issue de la procédure de délivrance, le brevet européen à effet unitaire constitue une aubaine économique et amène une simplification administrative. Sa mise en œuvre se fait exclusivement devant la nouvelle Juridiction unifiée du brevet, permettant au titulaire de faire respecter ses droits à l’échelle pan-européenne. Il ne s’agit toutefois pas du « nouveau » brevet européen : il est optionnel, ne couvre qu’une partie de l’UE, présente un coût fixe qui ne convient pas à toutes les stratégies, et dépend d’une juridiction doit encore faire ses preuves.
La dronisation du soutien médical au combat
Authors: Queyriaux Benjamin 
Published: December 2023

Au combat, l’absence de supériorité aérienne rend les évacuations médicales aériennes extrêmement difficiles : l’« heure d’or » devient le « soin prolongé aux blessés ». Les drones vont révolutionner cette approche grâce à des innovations technologiques et doctrinales. Couplé à la télémédecine et à l’intelligence artificielle, on peut imaginer des drones-cargos, des drones-ambulances voire des drones-robots médicaux.
IFN-β Pretreatment Alleviates Allogeneic Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell–Induced NK Cell Responses via the IRF7/HLA-E/NKG2A Axis
Authors: Zhang Xing , Wang Junni , Wang Mowang , Du Mengbao , Chen Jianghua , Wang Limengmeng , Wu Jianyong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecules are promising targets for suppressing the immune response but have received little attention in immune tolerance induction in organ transplantation. In this study, we found that IFN-β could induce the expression of HLA-E as well as PD-L1 on human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 and renal tissue of the C57BL/6 mouse. The JAK/STAT2 pathway was necessary for this process. Upregulation of both HLA-E and PD-L1 was fully abrogated by the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. Signaling pathway molecules, including STAT1, STAT2, mTOR, Tyk2, and p38 MAPK, were involved in HLA-E and PD-L1 upregulation. IRF7 is the key transcription factor responsible for the activation of HLA-E and PD-L1 promoters. Through screening an epigenetic regulation library, we found a natural compound, bisdemethoxycurcumin, enhanced IFN-β–induced HLA-E and PD-L1 expression in vitro and in vivo. In PBMC-derived CD56+ NK cells, we found that NKG2A but not PD1 was constitutively expressed, indicating HLA-E/NKG2A as a more potent target to induce tolerance to innate immune cells. Pretreating HK-2 cells by IFN-β significantly attenuated the degranulation of their coincubated NK cells and protected cells from NK-mediated lysis. In conclusion, IFN-β pretreatment could activate HLA-E and PD-L1 transcription through the JAK/STAT/IRF7 pathway and then could protect renal tubular epithelial cells from allogeneic immune attack mediated by NK cells.
Luteolin attenuates diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of metalloenzymes in rats
Authors: Daude R. B. , Bhadane Rajendra , Shah J. S. 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
To investigate the renoprotective effects of luteolin on diabetes in rats.

Methods:
One week after administration of streptozotocin 55 mg/kg intraperitoneally, rats were given 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg/day of luteolin orally for another eight weeks. At the end of the experiment, body weight, blood glucose level, biochemical parameters for renal function (serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, serum albumin, and total protein), kidney histology, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC-2) expression, and malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, and hydroxyproline content in renal tissue were evaluated. High glucose- induced damage using NRK-52E cell line was studied to evaluate cell viability and metalloenzyme expression. Additionally, in silico studies including docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted.

Results:
MMP-2, MMP-9, and HDAC-2 expressions were significantly increased in high glucose-induced NRK-52E cells and the renal tissue of diabetic rats. However, these changes were reversed by luteolin at the administered doses. Additionally, luteolin significantly reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis, as well as improved biochemical parameters in diabetic rats. Furthermore, luteolin at the examined doses markedly alleviated diabetes-induced histopathological changes in renal tissues.

Conclusions:
Luteolin effectively attenuates streptozotocin- induced diabetic nephropathy in rats by inhibiting MMP-2, MMP- 9, and HDAC-2 expression, and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Macrophage-secreted exosomes inhibit breast cancer cell migration via the miR- 101-3p/DLG5 axis
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Chao-Qun , Zhu Yong-Kang , Xu Jia-Fang , Yin Si-Qi , Hu Qing-Jie , Yang Rui-Qi 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
To investigate the role of macrophages in regulating breast cancer cell migration and its related mechanisms.

Methods:
Human leukemia monocytic cell line THP-1-secreted exosomes were isolated using multi-step ultracentrifugation and verified using nanoparticle tracking analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using RNA sequencing. Overexpression of inhibitors of hsa-miR-101-3p in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells was performed by infecting their lentiviral constructs. The luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate the interaction of DLG5 and miR-101. DGL5 expression was detected using qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses.

Results:
The migration of breast cancer cells was significantly inhibited after addition of exosomes. RNA sequencing results showed that miR-101-3p expression was significantly upregulated. Targetscan analysis predicted that miR-101-3p could target DLG5, and this prediction was verified using the luciferase assay. The addition of the miR-101-3p precursor significantly increased the expression of miR-101-3p, and the mRNA and protein levels of DLG5 were suppressed. In contrast, inhibiting the expression of miR-101-3p increased the mRNA and protein levels of DLG5. Furthermore, the scratch assay showed that inhibiting miR-101-3p could promote the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells.

Conclusions:
Macrophage exosomes can inhibit the migration of breast cancer cells, and increasing the expression of miR-101-3p to inhibit DLG5 expression may play an important role in this process, which needs further investigation.
Study of alteration of hematological and biochemical parameters among adult patients with dengue infection at a tertiary care hospital in Western Maharashtra
Authors: Gulabani Parth Bhim , Buch Archana Chirag , Nair Gayatri R. , Rathod Hetal , Nanda Sanya , Haseen Salwa 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Dengue is an important mosquito-borne viral disease worldwide with increasing emergence in India. It has varied epidemiological factors and presentations; hence, laboratory diagnosis and analysis is extremely essential. This study aims to analyze the alteration of hematological and biochemical parameters in adult patients diagnosed with dengue at a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done on 729 diagnosed adult cases of dengue over a period of 1 year. Patients with secondary infections and preexisting diseases were excluded from the study. Laboratory data of serological parameters and hematological and biochemical profiles were recorded and analyzed using Epi Info 7.2.5.0 and MedCalc Statistical Software.

Results:
The study was done from January 2022 to December 2022, consisting of 446 males (61.1%) and 283 females (38.8%). The infection was most prevalent in the 2nd–3rd decades of life. Serological parameters showed 31.4% NS1 positive and 29.4% IgM positive. The peak annual incidence was seen in July–August. Thrombocytopenia was the most commonly deranged parameter seen in 56% of patients and leukopenia was seen in 20.8% of cases. 34.8% of cases had hemoglobin <12 g/dl. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase levels were elevated in 58.5% and 44.3%, respectively. Serum creatinine was raised in 17% of cases. Serum proteins levels were reduced in 34.5%. Activated partial thromboplastin clotting time was elevated in 58.7% cases.

Conclusion:
This study elucidates the altered laboratory findings in dengue viral infection that could facilitate appropriate management and monitor disease progression to prevent advancement to fatal forms.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:
Medical knowledge, Practice-based learning and improvement.
Late-onset hypocalcemia seizure: An interesting presentation of sporadic maternal primary hyperparathyroidism with hypovitaminosis D
Authors: Subin S , Shah Ravi , Mittal Bhagwant Rai , Subramanian Karthikeyan , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The cardinal manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism is secondary to hypercalcemia and high bone turnover disease due to sustained elevation of parathyroid hormone. A high index of suspicion for maternal primary hyperparathyroidism should be kept in the setting of neonatal hypocalcemia. Delayed presentation of hypocalcemic seizure secondary to maternal primary hyperparathyroidism is infrequent. Herein, we report a case of a 2-month-old infant who presented with late-onset (>72 h) hypocalcemic seizure, biochemically mimicking pseudohypoparathyroidism, which eventually led to the diagnosis of maternal hyperparathyroidism with vitamin D deficiency.
Hypercalcemia of unusual etiology: A case report
Authors: Thulasidass Kumar , Swaminathan Subramanian , Karuppan Ashwin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A 71-year-old lady, known to have diabetes and hypertension, was evaluated for a history of fever and tiredness for a few weeks. She had drug-induced hypokalemia due to chlorthalidone that she was taking for hypertension, and it was corrected. Further investigations revealed hypercalcemia of 11.3 mg/dL, which rose to 14.4 mg/dL in a few days. Parathyroid hormone level was low. Her respiratory evaluation showed granulomatous features in the lungs in PET-CT scan and GeneXpert for tuberculosis in urine, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was positive, suggestive of disseminated tuberculosis. Her serum calcium was reduced with zoledronic acid given for emergency treatment of hypercalcemia and reached a normal level within 6 days and was maintained within normal limits by 3 weeks of starting antituberculosis treatment. This is a case of tuberculosis-induced hypercalcemia.
Prevalence of Premature Hair Greying, its Associated Factors and Impact on Quality of Life in Medical Students from Rajasthan, India
Authors: Parihar Shivay , Verma Manoj , Sharma Savitri , Meena Rita 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Considering the paramount significance of hair in life, greying hair at a young age can be extremely distressing. In addition, an incompletely understood aetiology and scarcity of treatment options make premature hair greying (PHG) noteworthy.

Aims:
We aimed to estimate the prevalence of PHG in medical college students from Rajasthan, India, and any sociodemographic and lifestyle correlates of PHG and to determine its effect on the quality of life (QOL).

Patients and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 295 students of a medical college in western Rajasthan, India, under the age of 25 years. A scalp examination was done to count grey hair. All factors were investigated using structured, pre-validated questionnaires.

Results:
The prevalence of premature greying of hair was 41.4%. Sociodemographic factors such as older age, rural residence and positive family history were significantly associated with PHG. The number of meals, fruit consumption and irregularity of meals were the lifestyle factors associated with PHG. The QoL of 54.1% of students with grey hair was poor; males and rural residents were more affected.

Conclusions:
Premature greying of hair is a fairly prevalent condition in medical college students affecting their QoL. Factors such as family history, age, residence and eating habits may predispose students to PHG.
A Survey on Learning Styles of Undergraduate Medical Students and its Associated Factors
Authors: Dhurandhar Diwakar , Chandrakar Tripti , Chandrakar Deepti , Agrawal Jagriti 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Global education curriculum is gradually shifting from teacher centric to learner centric approaches. Each of the learners is different in his/her preference of the style of learning.

Aims:
The present study aims to decipher the learning styles of learners of 1st year MBBS students studying in Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, and also to find its association with gender and past academic achievement.

Patients and Methods:
The present cross sectional descriptive study was conducted by self administered visual aural read kinaesthetic (VARK) questionnaire version 8.01. Test of association was done to illicit any significant difference between learning style preferences with gender or percentage in Class 12th.

Results:
Amongst 188, 184 students participated in the study, and thus, response rate was 97.9%. Amongst these participants, 41.3% were females and mean Class 12th percentage was 85.4 ± 8.66. Seventy one percent of the subjects were found to have multimodal learning preferences whereas 29% were unimodal learners. Kinaesthetic components were maximum whereas read/write learning components were minimum. The frequency of learners was maximum for K (Kinaesthetic) followed by VARK (Visual Aural Read Kinaesthetic) and AK (Aural Kinaesthetic) type of learners. There was no significant association between type of learners with gender or academic performance in Class 12th with P > 0.05 by non parametric Mann–Whitney U-test.

Conclusion:
Most of the learners had kinaesthetic components, and thus, teaching–learning methods should be accordingly adapted to suit the learning styles of the subjects.