bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problems and solution of appointment of forensic linguistic expertise during the investigation of crimes provided for in Articles 207.3, 280.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Антонов О.Ю. , Сааков Т.А. 
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблемы назначения лингвистической экспертизы, возникающие в ходе расследования преступлений, предусмотренных ст. 207.3, 280.3 УК РФ, и предлагаются пути их решения. Авторы аргументированно приходят к выводу, что ведомственные противоречия в части производства судебной лингвистической экспертизы по составам, предусмотренным ст. 207.3, 280.3 УК РФ, способствуют усложнению оценки заключения эксперта следователем, в связи с чем требуется унифицировать научно-методические подходы к исследованию таких объектов в различных ведомствах. На основе анализа научной литературы и эмпирических данных авторы полагают, что компетенции эксперта-лингвиста достаточно для решения экспертных задач по рассматриваемым преступлениям, в связи с чем нет целесообразности в привлечении психолога и назначении комплексной психолого-лингвистической экспертизы по рассматриваемым делам. Проанализированный массив следственной и судебно-экспертной практики позволил авторам сформулировать научно-практические рекомендации по формулированию вопросов эксперту, которому может быть поручено производство судебной лингвистической экспертизы при расследовании преступлений, предусмотренных ст. 207.3, 280.3 УК РФ.
The article discusses the problems of assigning linguistic expertise arising during the investigation of crimes under Articles 207.3, 280.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and suggests ways to solve them. The authors reasonably come to the conclusion that departmental contradictions in the part of the judicial linguistic proceedings according to the compositions provided for in Articles 207.3, 280.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation contribute to the complication of the assessment of the expert's conclusion by the investigator, and therefore it is necessary to unify scientific and methodological approaches to the study of such objects in various departments. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and empirical data, the authors reasonably conclude that the competence of an expert linguist is sufficient to solve expert tasks on the crimes under consideration, and therefore there is no expediency in involving a psychologist and assigning a comprehensive psychological and linguistic expertise on the cases under consideration. The analyzed array of investigative and forensic expert practice allowed the authors to formulate scientific and practical recommendations on the formulation of questions to an expert who may be entrusted with the production of forensic linguistic expertise in the investigation of crimes under Articles 207.3, 280.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
Some issues of organization and tactics searching for criminal burials
Authors: Бартенев Е.А. , Сажаев А.М. 
Published: January 2024

При проведении отдельных следственных действий одной из важнейших задач является поиск следов и объектов, имеющих значение для дела. Поэтому следователь должен обладать необходимыми технико-криминалистическими средствами и владеть тактическими приемами обнаружения, фиксации и изъятия таких следов и объектов. К числу таких объектов мы в полной мере можем отнести и трупы людей, ставших жертвами различных преступлений и впоследствии захороненных тайно, с использованием различных методов маскировки могил. Организация поиска криминальных захоронений, работа по эксгумации тел требуют от следователя достаточных знаний и умений. Особое место в данной работе занимает криминалистическая техника, с помощью которой нередко производится поиск подобных захоронений. К такой технике в первую очередь относится современный геофизический прибор – георадар, предназначенный для обнаружения различных объектов, в том числе неметаллических, в различных средах. В статье авторы раскрывают отдельные вопросы организации и тактики поиска криминальных захоронений, применения поисковых приборов для поиска пропавших без вести тел, формулируют возникающие при поиске криминальных захоронений проблемы и варианты их разрешения.
When conducting individual investigative actions, one of the most important tasks is to search for traces and objects that are relevant to the case. Therefore, the investigator must have the necessary technical and forensic tools and tactics for detecting, fixing and seizing such traces and objects. Among such objects, we can fully include the corpses of people who became victims of various crimes and subsequently buried secretly, using various methods of masking graves. The organization of the search for criminal burials, the work of exhuming bodies require sufficient knowledge and skills from the investigator. A special place in this work is occupied by forensic techniques, with the help of which such burials are often searched. This technique primarily includes a modern geophysical device – a ground penetrating radar, designed to detect various objects, including non-metallic ones, in various environments. In the article, the authors reveal certain issues of the organization and tactics of searching for criminal burials, the use of search instruments to search for missing bodies, formulate the problems that arise when searching for criminal burials and options for their resolution.
Effectiveness of Pursed Lip Breathing and Alternate-Nostril Breathing in Patients with Respiratory Dysfunction
Authors: Munawar Meerab , Khalid Ramiza , Qadeer Ayesha , Sardar Hanook , Batool Amna , Munawar Ishban , Ehsan Muqadas , Khalid Amna 
Published: January 2024

Respiratory dysfunctions are the diseases or disorders like Asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, lung cancer, pulmonary hypertension, COPD and tuberculosis. Among respiratory dysfunctions, COPD is the most common and may be fatal. Objective: To observe the effectiveness of pursed lip breathing and alternate-nostril breathing in patients of respiratory dysfunction. Methods: This study is aimed to see the effects of PLB and ANB on respiratory outcomes in COPD patients. Qausi Experimental study was completed on 100 participants of age between 24-60 years. Purposive sampling is used to select the population. The participants were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria. Informed consent was taken before the start of exercise. Pulse oximeter was used to assess oxygen saturation values, numeric pain rating scale rating pain from 1-10 , was used to check pain level and Samn-perelli fatigue scale rating fatigue from 1-7 from fully alert till completely exhausted was used respectively. SPSS (version 23) was used for statistical analysis. Findings show that there is marked improvement in respiratory functions including oxygen saturation, pain and fatigue. Results: Outcomes after 4-6 weeks of performing pursed lip breathing shows improvement in oxygen saturation and alternate nostril decreases fatigue and pain with the p-value 0.05 which is highly significant. According to statistics, all respiratory variables are highly significant with the p-value<0.05. Conclusions: It is concluded that pursed lip breathing and alternate nostril breathing is an effective in improving oxygen saturation and respiratory rate. It is an inexpensive, non-pharmacological and easy method and helped in improving respiratory outcomes.
Avtrykk av den europeiske flyktningkrisa i 2015
Authors: Neraas Silje 
Published: January 2024

Artikkelsamandrag (Norsk)
Denne artikkelen undersøkjer fire norske kulturelle uttrykk, retta mot barn og unge, som kom ut i tidsrommet 2016 og 2017, og som fortel om spesifikke hendingar og narrativ frå det som vart kalla for den europeiske flyktningkrisa i 2015. Dei fire verka består av popsongen «Gutten på stranda» av Rasmus og Verdens Beste Band, teaterstykket «Myke øyne», med manus av Kate Pendry og framført av Artilleriet Produksjoner, romanen Hver morgen dyppet min søster brystene i isvann for å bli pen av Bjørn Sortland og teaterførestillinga «MariAmira» av Siri Broch Johansen. Artikkelen har ei transmedial tilnærming ved at eg undersøkjer korleis flyktningkrisa er mediert på tvers av ulike kulturelle uttrykk. Det teoretiske grunnlaget for artikkelen er minneteoretisk, og i artikkelen argumenterer eg for at vi kan forstå medieringa av element frå flyktningkrisa som del av ei minneskaping («memory-making») (Erll & Rigney, 2009). Eg argumenterer for at gjennom deira mediering tek dei kulturelle verka del i å velje ut kva som blir hugsa frå flyktningkrisa, men også i korleis desse hendingane og narrativa blir hugsa. Det gjer at artikkelen sitt fokus ligg på å undersøkje korleis medieringa etablerer og former kollektive og kulturelle minne frå den europeiske flyktningkrisa frå 2015.
Association Between Toxoplasmosis Infection and Human Insulin In Pregnant and Aborted Women
Authors: Aziz Rbat Mokhalad , Kadhum Shubber Habeeb Waseel 
Published: January 2024

Background : People with compromised immune systems are more likely to get infected with the opportunistic parasite Toxoplasma gondii than healthy individuals. Diabetes and toxoplasmosis are two conditions that are rather prevalent in Iraq.
Objective : human insulin was the major objective of this study, along with determining the frequency of anti- T. gondii IgG antibodies in pregnant and abortion. In addition to this, establish a connection of (RBS) and (HbA1c).
Methods : The investigation was in Al-Qadisiyah. The term for collecting was from the November 2022 to the end of February 2023. where specimens were collected from the Maternity and Children's Teaching Hospital, 350 serum samples that were collected from pregnant, and abortion women. The healthy samples that served as a control group50 samples,. Both the ELISA technique and the Toxo Rapid Diagnostic Test (Cassette) were used to analyze the samples in order to determine the levels of human insulin present in pregnant and abortion women. Also measures (HbA1c) and (RBS).
Results : the Results According Cassette the 350 samples, only 130 (43.3%) positive, whereas 170 (56.7%) negative. Using ELISA, anti-T. gondii IgG was present in 90 (69.2%) of the women from 170 positive cassette. ELISA was also used to assess of human insulin that was present in order to get a better understanding of the role that toxoplasmosis plays in the development of diabetes. Patients with diabetes had considerably higher levels of human insulin (22.83 ± 13.91) when compared to patients with toxoplasmosis alone and healthy controls
Conclusion : T. gondii is more prevalent among pregnant women and abortions. Diabetes and toxoplasmosis have been shown to have a close connection, according to research. Our hypothesis is that toxoplasmosis provides the way for diabetes, and diabetes paves the way for toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmosis is more likely to develop in people with diabetes since the disease lowers the immune response.
Contemporary orthodontic archwires: A literature review
Authors: M. Noori Reyam , A. Yassir Yassir , T. McIntyre Grant 
Published: January 2024

Archwires are the principal force generators used in orthodontic treatment. They are one of the fixed appliances’ active components. They produce various tooth movements by interaction with brackets and buccal tubes. Recent advancements in orthodontics have resulted in a wide variety of archwire alloys with a broad spectrum of characteristics. The proper application of these wires can shorten treatment duration, improve patient comfort, and reduce chairside time. Furthermore, the need for esthetic orthodontic treatment alternatives resulted in the introduction of esthetic archwires. These innovative archwires attempt to combine both the esthetics and good clinical performance. Understanding recent
How Can Business Best Approach Human Rights in Third-Party Litigation Funding?
Authors: Ucín María Carlota 
Published: January 2024

How Can Business Best Approach Human Rights in Third-Party Litigation Funding?
Conceived as a human right, access to justice is part of the rule of law, well recognised in several international instruments (Arts. 8 and 10 of the UDHR; Arts. 2.3 and 14 of the ICCPR; Arts. 6 and 13 of the ECHR and Art. 47 of the CFR). The present fulfilment of this right includes forms of privatisation like private insurance covering the costs of litigation, contingency-fee arrangements between lawyers and clients, crowdfunding applied to support the costs of litigation, and third-party litigation funding (TPLF). In the present article, I will restrict my analysis to TPLF as a private form of investment designed to finance access to justice. The aim of this article is to provide arguments in support of the regulation of TPLF as well as normative guidelines to inform that regulation. For this purpose, I will start by presenting different approaches to TPLF and will then assess – from the human rights perspective – examples of regulation. This evaluation intends to determine to what extent these regulations are in line with the human rights matrix of obligations: namely, the duty to respect, to protect and to fulfil human rights. Finally, I will present conclusions following the results of this evaluation and suggest guidelines to improve future regulations.
PENGARUH TEKNIK (MURDER) MOOD, UNDERSTAND, RECALL, DETECT, EXPAND DAN RIVIEW DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BERDISKUSI PADA SISWA KELAS IX SMP NEGERI 1 LAWE ALAS TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Marda Husni  , Rekaza Akbar  , Ati Rosmiati  
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Teknik MURDER ( Mood, Understand, Recall, Detect, Expand dan Riview) Dalam Pembelajaran Berdiskusi Pada Siswa Kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Lawe Alas Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimen yaitu suatu penelitian yang berusaha mencari pengaruh variabel tertentu terhadap variabel yang lain dalam kondisi yang terkontrol secara ketat. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 20 siswa yaitu kelas IX 1 dan yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposif sampling atau pengambilan sampel yang ditentukan. Adapun alasan penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive adalah kelas tersebut merupakan kelas yang belum pernah dilakukan penelitian dengan judul yang sama. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: Mentabulasi skor tes awal, Mentabulasi skor tes akhir, Menentukan skor tertinggi dan skor terendah dari hasil tes awal dan tes akhir, Menghitung rata-rata skor variabel hasil tes awal dan tes akhir dengan rumus berikut. Tingkat kemampuan pembelajaran berdiskusi siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Lawe Alas Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara sebelum menggunakan teknik MURDER (Mood, Understand, Recall,, Detact, Expand dan Riview) memperoleh nilai rata-rata 62.05 dengan kategori kurang baik dan setelah menggunakan teknik MURDER (Mood, Understand, Recall, Detact, Expand dan Riview) memperoleh nilai rata-rata 81.05 dengan kategori baik. Berdasarkan hasil uji-t disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penggunaan teknik MURDER (Mood, Understand, Recall, Detact, Expand dan Riview) pada siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Lawe Alas Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara karena thitung > ttabel 7.33. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan pembelajaran berbiskusi siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Lawe Alas Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara setelah menggunakan teknik MURDER (Mood, Understand, Recall, Detact, Expand dan Riview) lebih baik dibandingkan sebelum menggunakan teknik MURDER (Mood, Understand, Recall,, Detact, Expand dan Riview). Hal ini juga terlihat dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang menampilkan suasana tenang dan fokus dalam pembelajaran berdiskusi.
PENERAPAN METODE SMALL GROUP WORK TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPLANASI PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 2 BADAR TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2021/2022
Authors: Sri Malinda  , Ati Rosmiati  , Lusi Selvia Fitri  
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada penerapan metode small group work terhadap kemampuan menulis teks eksplanasi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Badar Tahun Pembelajaran 2021/2022. Yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Badar yang berjumlah 73 siswa. Adapun yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII A yang berjumlah 30 siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan one group preetest and posttest design dengan analisis data menggunakan uji “t”. Adapun data yang diperoleh nilai rata-rata tes awal penerapan metode small group work terhadap kemampuan menulis teks eksplanasi adalah sebesar 53,66 dan termasuk dalam kategori kurang, dengan standar deviansinya sebesar 5,76 dan mengalami peningkatan pada hasil tes akhirnya dengan nilai rata – rata 76,33 dengan standar deviansinya sebesar 3,72. Berdasarkan hasil nilai tes awal dan tes akhir siswa tersebut dan jika dikaitkan dengan nilai KKM pelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMP Negeri 2 Badar sebesar 75, maka kemampuan siswa dalam penerapan metode small group work terhadap kemampuan menulis teks eksplanasi untuk tes akhir siswa termasuk dalam kategori baik. Dari pengujian hipotesis diperoleh thitung sebesar 16,66 dikonsultasikan dengan ttabel pada taraf signifikasi 5% adalah sebesar 1,699 dengan demikian thitung > ttabel atau 16,66 > 1,699 maka hipotesis diterima. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada penerapan metode small group work terhadap kemampuan menulis teks eksplanasi pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Badar Tahun Pembelajaran 2021/2022.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BATANG UBI KAYU DAN PLASTIK SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN PAPAN PARTIKEL
Authors: Widodo Laurentius Urip , Pratama Fibriangi Miya Enggar , Prastya Sandika Mudji 
Published: January 2024

Particle board consists of sheets of material made from wood chips or materials containing lignocellulose such as flakes and strands to be joined by using a binder and by providing various aids such as heat and press. The purpose of this research was to study the physical value (moisture content, thickness development, and density) and mechanical properties (elasticity and tensile strength) and its conformity to SNI. Particle board making in this study was a mixture of wood powder with plastic Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) with a composition according to variable pressure pressed with 25 kg/cm2 with long pressing at the required temperature for an hour and added with 30 minutes of packing. The variables used were temperature and material composition. The making of particle board from cassava powder and plastic LDPE based on air content test, thickness development, and straight tensile strength were appropriate to SNI. The best results obtained in this study was the composition comparison of plastic LDPE: wood powder (80; 20) with a temperature of 160℃ with a moisture content of 1,2027%, thickness development of 9.217 %, density of 0,831 g/cm3, MOE of 21304,600 kgf/cm2, and perpendicular tensile strength of 31,094 kgf/cm2. This particle board passed all tests and have the average value and better characteristics compared to others.
Legal Protection For Doctors in Running A Practice
Authors: Sinaga Hasudungan , Pondang Josafat 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Legal problems that may arise as a result of using hospital services when a general practitioner is on call to carry out medical procedures that are the rights of the treating doctor. This article aims to determine the practice of implementing health law in relation to the protection of doctors who carry out daily practice in Indonesia. This article also reviews deviations in health law in relation to medical practice in Indonesia. In the end, the author intends to offer and provide solutions to problems and irregularities in the implementation of health law in medical practice so it is hoped that this article can become a reference in increasing compliance with health law, especially regarding the protection of doctors when carrying out medical practice.

Theoretical Framework: Legal protection is something an effort to protect individual interests by allocating a human right of power to the individual to be able to act in the context of those interests. Legal protection is basically protection given to legal subjects in the form of legal instruments. Doctors who carry out their profession have the right to receive legal protection as regulated in Article 50 of Law Number 29 of 2004 concerning Medical Practice. Hospitals are obliged to provide legal protection to doctors who work in their hospitals in accordance with the hospital's obligations as regulated in Article 29 paragraph (1) letter (s) of Law Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals. In Indonesia, laws and regulations do not yet clearly regulate legal protection for doctors.

Method: This study uses normative legal methods supported by literature reviews from national and scientific journals international. The main focus of the subject is law, which is understood as social standards or regulations that guide everyone's behavior.

Results: The research results show that as long as doctors follow standard operating procedures in their practice, they are allowed to carry out medical procedures to save lives in emergencies. Professional standards refer to a set of minimum competencies (knowledge, abilities, and attitudes) that a doctor must possess.

Conclusions: Legal protection for medical professionals practicing in hospitals is necessary to ensure that the health services offered comply with medical standards and medical ethics. At the same time, improving health service standards needs to be supported by providing a supportive work environment for doctors.
Effectiveness of Indonesia’s Simple Proof Test in Comparison to the US Code
Authors: Silalahi Udin , Iskandar Louise Kalista 
Published: January 2024

Objective: This paper aims to analyze (1) simply proving the elements for bankruptcy under Article 2(1) jo. 8(4) Law No. 37 of 2004 (“Bankruptcy Law”), and (2) its effectiveness in comparison to bankruptcy in the US. This paper assesses also distinctive judgement between the bankruptcy system of Indonesia and the US even when relying on the same forms of evidence. Legal experts and advocates recognize Indonesia’s Simple Proof Test for bankruptcy as ineffective and ‘too simple’ where Courts turn a blind eye to rule out matters requiring a thorough legal and factual assessment, hence the current Bankruptcy Bill basing future revisions on United States (“US”) practices. However, the simple proof test remains.

Methods: This research is a normative legal research with applying the statutory and comparatives approach to analyze the research questions concerned with descriptive qualitative.

Conclusions: The result of this research found that applying the same standards in an entirely different regime would not reap the benefits intended. Therefore, a thorough assessment should replace the simple proof test entirely.