bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial study of biexponential model of intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of the liver fibrosis
Authors: Cuiyun Chen , Bin Wang , Dapeng Shi , Fangfang Fu , Jiliang Zhang , Zejun Wen , Shaocheng Zhu , Junling Xu , Qing Lin , Jing Li , Shewei Dou 
Published: January 2024

Background
The diagnosis of liver fibrosis is a difficult task at any time using conventional clinical imaging. Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) can be used to investigate both diffusion and perfusion changes in tissues. This study was designed to determine the value of IVIM in the diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis.

Methods
IVIM examinations were performed on a GE 3.0T MR scanner in 25 patients with liver fibrosis and 25 healthy volunteers as the control group. Patients with liver fibrosis diagnosis were confirmed by pathology and staged on a scale of F0–4. The standard ADC values and the values of a biexponential model (slow ADC (Dslow), fast ADC (Dfast) and fraction of fast ADC (FF)) were measured in three liver regions per person. The mean standard ADC values, Dslow values, Dfast values and FF values from the study group were compared among the right posterior hepatic lobe, right anterior hepatic lobe and medial segment of the left lobe. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and independent-samples t-tests were used to calculate the mean standard ADC values, Dslow values, Dfast values and FF values from the study group and the control group. Spearman rho correlation analysis was used for the stage of liver fibrosis. The liver fibrosis stages between the groups F0–1 and F2–4, the groups F0–2 and F3–4 were compared.

Results
Among the liver fibrosis, there was no significant difference in the mean standard ADC values, Dslow values, Dfast values, and FF values obtained from the right posterior hepatic lobe, right anterior hepatic lobe and medial segment of the left lobe. Using ROC analysis, the Area Under the Curve (AUC) values of standard ADC, Dslow, Dfast, FF were all between 0.7 to 0.9. The mean standard ADC values, Dslow values, Dfast values and FF values of the liver in the study group were significantly lower than the values in the control group (P <0.05). As the stage of the fibrosis increased, the values decreased by Spearman rho correlation analysis. The mean values (standard ADC, Dslow, Dfast, and FF) of liver fibrosis stages between the groups F0–1 and F2–4, the groups F0–2 and F3–4 showed significant differences (P<0.05).

Conclusions
IVIM can reflect the conditions of perfusion and diffusion in liver fibrosis and thus distinguish between normal liver and liver fibrosis. The IVIM technique may serve as a valuable tool for detecting and characterizing liver fibrosis, and monitoring its progression in a noninvasive manner.
High prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in Marfan's syndrome
Authors: Li Mo , Quanying He , Yinna Wang , Birong Dong , Jinhan He 
Published: January 2024

Objective
To review the current evidence about the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with Marfan's syndrome, and discuss some proposed potential mechanisms for this relationship.

Data sources
The data in this review were mainly from Medline and PubMed articles published in English from 1990 to 2013. The search term was “Marfan's syndrome and sleep apnea”.

Study selection
Clinical evidence about the epidemiology of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with Marfan's syndrome; the mechanism that causes obstructive sleep apnea; interventional therapy for patients with Marfan's syndrome, and coexisting obstructive sleep apnea.

Results
A high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea exists in patients with Marfan's syndrome. The potential reasons are craniofacial abnormalities and lax upper airway muscles, which lead to high nasal airway resistance and upper airway collapse. Obstructive sleep apnea mechanically deteriorates aortic dilatation and accelerates progression of aortic aneurysms. The condition is reversible and rapid maxillary expansion and adequate continuous positive airway pressure therapy are possible effective therapies to delay the expansion of aortic diameter in patients with Marfan's syndrome.

Conclusions
Obstructive sleep apnea is strongly associated with Marfan's syndrome. Craniofacial abnormalities and lax upper airway are the main mechanisms. Untreated obstructive sleep apnea accelerates progression of aortic dissection and rupture. Effective therapies for obstructive sleep apnea could postpone the aortic dilatation in patients with Marfan's syndrome.
Impact of vitamin D supplementation on the outcome of tuberculosis treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jingyan Xia , Liyun Shi , Lifang Zhao , Feng Xu 
Published: January 2024

Background
Vitamin D supplementation is believed to be beneficial in the treatment of patients with tuberculosis (TB), however, results from clinical trials have been inconclusive.

Methods
We performed a systematic literature search across MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Springer, EBSCO, ProQuest, HighWire Press, and Web of Science, published as of December 2013. We individually inspected citations and extracted data independently. We estimated pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using random-effect models. We also assessed risk of bias using the Jadad scale and the quality of the evidence using GRADE. We included all randomized controlled trials comparing vitamin D with or without standard TB therapy or placebo.

Results
A total of five studies were analyzed in our meta analysis covering 841 newly-diagnosed TB cases. Patients receiving vitamin D supplementation had a 39% reduced risk of sputum smear or culture positive after six weeks of anti-TB treatment than those in the control group, although this is not statistically significant (pooled RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.24 to 1.56, P=0.30). Apart from an increased serum vitamin D level in the supplement group after eight weeks of treatment there was no evidence of any additional adverse effects related to vitamin D.

Conclusions
The meta analysis results indicate that vitamin D supplementation does not seem to have any beneficial effect in the treatment of TB. Future rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to explore whether the supplementation of vitamin D could shorten treatment duration and to confirm whether the polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor have any potentially beneficial effect.
Molecular mechanisms of FK506-induced hypertension in solid organ transplantation patients
Authors: Jianglin Wang , Ren Guo , Shikun Liu , Qingjie Chen , Shanru Zuo , Meng Yang , Xiaocong Zuo 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTacrolimus (FK506) is an immunosuppressive drug, which is widely used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. However, chronic administration of FK506 leads to hypertension in solid organ transplantation patients, and its molecular mechanisms are much more complicated. In this review, we will discuss the above-mentioned molecular mechanisms of FK506-induced hypertension in solid organ transplantation subjects.Data sourcesThe data analyzed in this review were mainly from relevant articles without restriction on the publication date reported in PubMed. The terms “FK506” or “tacrolimus” and “hypertension”were used for the literature search.Study selectionOriginal articles with no limitation of research design and critical reviews containing data relevant to FK506-induced hypertension and its molecular mechanisms were retrieved, reviewed and analyzed.ResultsThere are several molecular mechanisms attributed to FK506-induced hypertension in solid organ transplantation subjects. First, FK506 binds FK506 binding protein 12 and its related isoform 12.6 (FKBP12/12.6) and removes them from intracellular ryanodine receptors that induce a calcium ion leakage from the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum. The conventional protein kinase C beta II (cPKCβII)-mediated phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase at Thr495, which reduces the production of NO, was activated by calcium ion leakage. Second, transforming growth factor receptor/SMAD2/3 signaling activation plays an important role in Treg/Th17 cell imbalance in T cells which toget converge to cause inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and hypertension following tacrolimus treatment. Third, the activation of with-no-K(Lys) kinases/STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase/thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride co-transporter (WNKs/SPAK/NCC) pathway has a central role in tacrolimus-induced hypertension. Finally, the enhanced activity of renal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system seems to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of FK506-induced hypertension.ConclusionFK506 plays a predominant role in the pathophysiology of hypertension in solid organ transplantation subjects.
Effect of short-term high-dose atorvastatin on systemic inflammatory response and myocardial ischemic injury in patients with unstable angina pectoris undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Sun Fei , Yin Zhao , Shi Quanxing , Zhao Bei , Wang Shouli 
Published: January 2024

Background
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) could develop periprocedural myocardial infarction and inflammatory response and statins can modify inflammatory responses property. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether short-term high-dose atorvastatin therapy can reduce inflammatory response and myocardial ischemic injury elicited by PCI.

Methods
From March 2012 to May 2014, one hundred and sixty-five statin-naive patients with unstable angina referred for PCI at Department of Cardiology of the 306th Hospital, were enrolled and randomized to 7-day pretreatment with atorvastatin 80 mg/d as high dose group (HD group, n=56) or 20 mg/d as normal dose group (ND group, n=57) or an additional single high loading dose (80 mg) followed 6-day atorvastatin 20 mg/d as loading dose group (LD group, n=52). Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined before intervention and at 5 minutes, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days after intervention. Creatine kinase-myocardial isoenzyme (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were measured at baseline and then 24 hours following PCI.

Results
Plasma CRP and IL-6 levels increased from baseline after PCI in all groups. CRP reached a maximum at 48 hours and IL-6 level reached a maximum at 24 hours after PCI. Plasma CRP levels at 24 hours after PCI were significantly lower in the HD group ((9.14±3.02) mg/L) than in the LD group ((11.06±3.06) mg/L) and ND group ((12.36±3.08) mg/L, P <0.01); this effect persisted for 72 hours. IL-6 levels at 24 hours and 48 hours showed a statistically significant decrease in the HD group ((16.19±5.39) ng/L and (14.26±4.12) ng/L, respectively)) than in the LD group ((19.26±6.34) ng/L and (16.03±4.08) ng/L, respectively, both P <0.05) and ND group ((22.24±6.98) ng/L and (17.24±4.84) ng/L, respectively). IL-6 levels at 72 hours and 7 days showed no statistically significant difference among the study groups. Although PCI caused a significant increase in CK-MB and cTnI at 24 hours after the procedure in all groups, the elevated CK-MB and cTnI values were lower in the HD group ((4.71±4.34) ng/ml and (0.086±0.081) ng/ml, respectively) than in the ND group ((7.24±6.03) ng/ml and (0.138±0.103) ng/ml, respectively, both P <0.01) and LD group ((6.80±5.53) ng/ml and (0.126±0.101) ng/ml, respectively, both P <0.01).

Conclusion
Short-term high-dose atorvastatin treatment before PCI significantly reduced systemic inflammatory response and myocardial ischemic injury elicited by PCI.
Association between arterial stiffness and risk of coronary artery disease in a community-based population
Authors: Zhang Yun , Ye Ping , Luo Leiming , Bai Yongyi , Xu Ruyi , Xiao Wenkai , Liu Dejun , Wu Hongmei 
Published: January 2024

Background
Arterial stiffness is well known as an important risk factor for coronary artery disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between carotid-ankle pulse wave velocity (caPWV) and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), and the interaction between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and other potential risk factors of CAD.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted for subjects living in Beijing, China. We collected 213 subjects with coronary artery disease and 1 266 subjects without CAD between September 2007 and January 2009 in a community center of Beijing. A multivariate Logistic regression analysis was carried out to assess the odds ratios of factors related to CAD.

Results
We found CAD subjects were more likely to have a higher body massindex (BMI), fasting glucose, uric acid, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-sensitivity Creactive protein (hs-CRP), carotic-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and caPWV (P <0.05), and CAD subjects had a significantly lower HDL cholesterol levels (P <0.05). Moreover, the proportion of hypertension in CAD subjects was significantly higher than non-CAD subjects. The multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension, higher uric acid, hs-CRP, cfPWV and caPWV levels significantly increased the risk of CAD, with ORs (CI) of 1.47 (1.25–1.74), 1.17 (1.01–1.26), 1.35 (1.10–1.67), 1.15 (1.09–1.19) and 1.07 (1.01–1.15), respectively. Higher HDL cholesterol was significantly associated with reduced risk of CAD, with ORs (CI) of 0.58 (0.40–0.83). In addition, cfPWV had significant association with age, hypertension, LDL cholesterol, with Pearson's coefficients of 0.166, 0.074, and 0.030, respectively.

Conclusions
cfPWV and caPWV are independently associated with significant CAD, and cfPWV has significant correlation with age and hypertension. cfPWV and caPWV may be used as a practical tool for predicting the risk of CAD.
Influence of developmental cervical stenosis on dural sac space
Authors: Tang Yanchao , Yu Miao , Liu Zhongjun , Sun Yu , Liu Xiaoguang 
Published: January 2024

Background
This retrospective study aimed to investigate the difference of the intra-dural reserving space for spinal cord in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between patients with and without developmental cervical stenosis and its clinical significance.

Methods
A total of 264 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy who had decompression surgeries were recruited. The average follow-up was 29 months. Based on their lateral radiographs, they were divided into stenosis group and non-stenosis group. On the magnetic resonance images, the ratio of the sagittal diameter of the dural sac to that of the vertebral body was measured and calculated as MRI Pavlov ratio at the mid-vertebral level on T2-weighted sagittal images from C3 to C7. The ratio of the transverse area of the spinal cord to that of the dural sac was measured and calculated as occupation ratio on T2-weighted axial images at the same levels. The MRI Pavlov ratio and occupation ratio were compared between the two groups. The stenosis group was further divided into space-reserving and non-space-reserving subgroups based on the occupation ratios; then clinical parameters were compared between the two subgroups to determine the clinical significance of the reserving space.

Results
The MRI Pavlov ratio of the stenosis group was significantly smaller than that of the non-stenosis group at C3-C7 (P <0.01), while the occupation ratio was significantly larger only at C7 (P <0.05). For the space-reserving subgroup, the postoperative recovery rate was lower (P <0.05). The postoperative recovery rate was (23±6)% in anterior approach, larger than (-23±15)% in posterior approach (P <0.05).

Conclusions
Developmental cervical stenosis is associated with a smaller sagittal diameter of the dural sac, but does not lead to a significant decrease in intra-dural space available for the cord. For patients with normal intra-dural space, the recovery after anterior decompression surgery was better than posterior approach.
Closed reduction external fixator fixation versus open reduction internal fixation in the patients with Bennett fracture dislocation
Authors: Li Zhongzhe , Guo Yang , Tian Wen , Tian Guanglei 
Published: January 2024

Background
The Bennett fracture is either a common or a challenging problem to hand surgeons. It is still debated whether closed or open reduction gives optimal results. This study aimed to describe and assess a closed reduction and mini-external fixator fixation technique for the treatment of Bennett's fracture dislocation and to compare this technique versus open reduction and internal fixation.

Methods
From October 2002 to December 2012, 56 patients with Bennett's fracture dislocation were treated by closed reduction and mini-external fixator fixation and 32 patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation in Jishuitan Hospital. Patients with an articular step-off of more than 1 mm were excluded. All patients were assessed at a mean follow-up of 7 years (range 2–10 years) and the two groups were compared with pain levels, active range of trapeziometacarpal motion, grip strength and pinch strength, arthritic changes, and adduction deformity.

Results
Based on primary closed reduction maintained, the rate of anatomic reduction is 63.6%. Radiographic fracture union was achieved in all patients at a mean time of 5 weeks. At the final follow-up, there was no difference between the two groups in mean union time and pain levels (P=0.2). There was also no difference between the two groups regarding the active range of trapeziometacarpal motion (P=0.3), grip stength (P=0.6), pinch strength (P=0.2), arthritic change and loss of reduction (P=0.2). There was a significant correlation between adduction deformity and the development of arthritis (P=0.02).

Conclusion
Closed reduction mini-external fixator fixation should be first tried to apply in the treatment of Bennett's fracture dislocation, and open reduction internal fixation should only be performed for irreducible fractures.
Paralebeda prokopenkoi — new lappet moth species from southern Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)
Authors: Spitsyn Vitaly M. , Kondakov Alexander V. , Soboleva Alena A. , Spitsyna Elizaveta A. 
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we describe Paralebeda prokopenkoi sp. nov., a new species from southern Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. This species is a sister species to Paralebeda lucifuga (Swinhoe, 1892) which was described from Singapore. The new species differs externally by the more elongate forewings. Additionally, the uncorrected COI p-distance between P. prokopenkoi sp. nov. and P. lucifuga is 2.61–3.90%.
К ЮБИЛЕЮ Т.М. ХАДЖИЕВОЙ
Authors: кафедры Коллектив 
Published: January 2024

Известный ученый, фольклорист Танзиля Мусаевна Хаджиева родилась в 1952г. в Казахстане. После окончания филологического факультета Кабардино-Балкарского государственного университета с красным дипломом она поступила в аспирантуру ИМЛИ РАН и в 1980 г. успешно защитила кандидатскую диссертацию по поэтике карачаево-балкарского нартского эпоса. С 1980 по 2004 гг. Т.М. Хаджиева работала в Кабардино-Балкарском институте гуманитарных исследований в секторе фольклора и литературы. Все эти годы принимала участие в фольклорно-этнографических экспедициях Института.
ОТКРЫТИЕ МЕМОРИАЛЬНОЙ ДОСКИ В Г. ПЕНЗЕ В ЧЕСТЬ Э.Р.ТЕНИШЕВА
Authors: Псянчин Юлай Валиевич 
Published: January 2024

2022 год стал знаменательным для отечественной тюркологии: 25 апреля состоялась торжественная церемония открытия мемориальной доски выдающемуся советскому и российскому лингвисту-тюркологу, монголоведу, педагогу-просветителю, члену-корреспонденту Российской академии наук, заведующему Отделом урало-алтайских языков Института языкознания РАН в 1963–2004 гг., уроженцу г. Пензы, ученому с мировым именем Тенишеву Эдхяму (Эдгему) (1921–2004)1. Символичным было то, что данное мероприятие прошло в день 101-летия Э.Р. Тенишева.
Galactic Gamma-Ray Diffuse Emission at TeV Energies with HAWC Data
Authors: Alfaro R. , Alvarez C. , Arteaga-Velázquez J. C. , Arunbabu K. P. , Avila Rojas D. , Babu R. , Baghmanyan V. , Belmont-Moreno E. , Brisbois C. , Caballero-Mora K. S. , Capistrán T. , Carramiñana A. , Casanova S. , Chaparro-Amaro O. , Cotti U. , Cotzomi J. , Coutiño de León S. , De la Fuente E. , Diaz Hernandez R. , DuVernois M. A. , Durocher M. , Díaz-Vélez J. C. , Engel K. , Espinoza C. , Fan K. L. , Fraija N. , Galván-Gámez A. , García-González J. A. , Garfias F. , González M. M. , Goodman J. A. , Hernandez S. , Hona B. , Huang D. , Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F. , Humensky T. B. , Iriarte A. , Joshi V. , Kaufmann S. , Kieda D. , Kunde G. J. , Lara A. , León Vargas H. , Linnemann J. T. , Longinotti A. L. , Luis-Raya G. , Malone K. , Martinez O. , Martínez-Castro J. , Matthews J. A. , Miranda-Romagnoli P. , Moreno E. , Mostafá M. , Nayerhoda A. , Nellen L. , Noriega-Papaqui R. , Pérez-Pérez E. G. , Rosa-González D. , Ruiz-Velasco E. , Salazar H. , Salazar-Gallegos D. , Salesa Greus F. , Sandoval A. , Serna-Franco J. , Smith A. J. , Springer R. W. , Tibolla O. , Tollefson K. , Torres I. , Torres-Escobedo R. , Ureña-Mena F. , Villaseñor L. , Willox E. , Zhou H. , de León C. , Fornieri O. , Gaggero D. , Grasso D. , Marinelli A. , Ventura S. ,   HAWC Collaboration
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Galactic gamma-ray diffuse emission (GDE) is emitted by cosmic rays (CRs), ultra-relativistic protons, and electrons, interacting with gas and electromagnetic radiation fields in the interstellar medium. Here we present the analysis of teraelectronvolt diffuse emission from a region of the Galactic plane over the range in longitude of l ∈ [43°, 73°], using data collected with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) detector. Spectral, longitudinal, and latitudinal distributions of the teraelectronvolt diffuse emission are shown. The radiation spectrum is compatible with the spectrum of the emission arising from a CR population with an index similar to that of the observed CRs. When comparing with the DRAGON
base model, the HAWC GDE flux is higher by about a factor of 2. Unresolved sources such as pulsar wind nebulae and teraelectronvolt halos could explain the excess emission. Finally, deviations of the Galactic CR flux from the locally measured CR flux may additionally explain the difference between the predicted and measured diffuse fluxes.
Diurnal Ejection of Boulder Clusters on Comet 67P Lasting beyond 3 au
Authors: Shi Xian , Hu Xuanyu , Agarwal Jessica , Güttler Carsten , Rose Martin , Keller Horst Uwe , Fulle Marco , Deller Jakob , Sierks Holger 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Ejection of large boulder-like debris is a vigorous form of cometary activity that is unlikely induced by water ice out-gassing alone but rather associated with the sublimation of super-volatile ices. Though perceived on several comets, the actual pattern and mechanism of such activity are still unclear. Here we report on a specialized observation of ejections of decimeter- to meter-sized boulders on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko outbound between 2.5 and 3.3 au from the Sun. With a common source region, these events recurred in local morning. The boulders of elongated shapes were ejected in clusters at low inclinations comparable to the solar elevation below 40° at the time. We show that these chunks could be propelled by the surrounding asymmetric gas field that produced a distinct lateral acceleration. Possibly both water and carbon dioxide have contributed to their mobilization, while the season and local topography are among deciding factors. The mechanisms for sustaining regular activity of comets at large heliocentric distances are likely more diverse and intricate than previously thought.