bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sliding wear characterization of epoxy composites filled with wood apple dust using Taguchi analysis and finite element method
Authors: Purohit Abhilash , Pradhan Priyabrat , Gupta Gaurav , Jena Hemalata , Singh Jayshree 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this research, a new class of composite made up of wood apple dust (WAD) and epoxy is developed using the hand lay‐up process. The impact of WAD filler on the physical and wear characteristics of epoxy‐based composites are examined. The composite samples are prepared by varying the weight content of WAD (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 wt%). The composites are subjected to dry sliding wear testing in accordance with the L25 Taguchi design to calculate the specific wear rate (SWR). An optimum parametric combination of control factors is established for the composites to have the least amount of wear loss. The SWR of WAD/epoxy composites is also predicted using commercial finite element method (FEM) software ANSYS 2019 R2. The experimental findings are compared with the predicted wear rates of the composites. The results revealed that addition of WAD powder improved the wear resistance of the composites. A remarkable increase in tensile, compressive and flexural strength values of 34.79%, 10.12%, and 22.66% respectively, is observed. Neat polymer has tensile, compressive and flexural strengths of 48, 82, and 22.5 MPa respectively, and the values increased to 64.7, 90.3, and 27.6 MPa with addition of 12 wt% WAD. It is further observed that out of the four control factors the most influencing control factor affecting the wear rate of the composites in decreasing order are WAD content, sliding velocity, sliding distance, and normal load.Highlights
In this study a natural fiber‐based waste, wood apple dust (WAD) is successfully used as a potential filler material in epoxy matrix.
Physical and mechanical properties of the epoxy‐WAD composites are analyzed.
Effects of filler contents on the wear behavior are studied using design of experiment.
The wear rate of WAD/epoxy composites is predicted using finite element method.
Die Situiertheit der sozialrechtsbezogenen Beratung – Methodisch-methodologische Zugänge
Authors: Weyrich Katharina 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungFür das Forschungsdesign der vorliegenden Studie wählte ich ein qualitatives Untersuchungsdesign, das als Fallstudie angelegt ist. Die qualitative Forschung ermöglicht mir die sozialrechtsbezogene Beratung „als Ergebnis gemeinsam in sozialer Interaktion hergestellter Bedeutungen und Zusammenhänge [zu: KW] verstehen“ und die Herstellung eines Zugangs zum System sozialer Sicherung anhand beobachteter Beratungsgespräche zu rekonstruieren. Fallstudien dienen in diesem Zusammenhang der genauen Beschreibung und Rekonstruktion einzelner Fälle, die typisch oder besonders aufschlussreich für das Erkenntnisinteresse sind.
Die sozialrechtsbezogene Beratung ein Gatekeeper zum System sozialer Sicherung? Methodische Reflexion, zusammenfassende Darstellung der Ergebnisse und weiterführende Forschungsperspektiven
Authors: Weyrich Katharina 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungZunächst möchte ich mein methodisches Vorgehen reflektieren. Es erwies sich auch nach Abschluss der Erhebungsphasen als sinnvoll, den Zugang zum Forschungsfeld über die beratenden Einrichtungen zu wählen. Mit den Kontakt- und Vernetzungsmöglichkeiten des Forschungsverbundes für Sozialrecht und Sozialpolitik (FoSS) der Hochschule Fulda und der Universität Kassel gelang es mir, Kontakt zu zwei der drei großen Sozialverbände und vielen weiteren Beratungseinrichtungen herzustellen. Von insgesamt 28 kontaktierten Beratungsstellen haben 13 ihre Bereitschaft zur Teilnahme an meiner Studie erklärt. Mit der Durchführung der 13 Expert:inneninterviews gewann ich Anfang 2018 erste Erkenntnisse über die jeweiligen Strukturen der Verbände und Beratungseinrichtungen, die inhaltlichen Schwerpunkte ihrer Beratungsangebote, die Vorgehensweisen in der Beratungsarbeit und über die beratenen Personen.
Energy trading strategy of community shared energy storage
Authors: Khojasteh Meysam , Faria Pedro , Gomes Luis , Vale Zita 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOne of the challenges of renewable energy is its uncertain nature. Community shared energy storage (CSES) is a solution to alleviate the uncertainty of renewable resources by aggregating excess energy during appropriate periods and discharging it when renewable generation is low. CSES involves multiple consumers or producers sharing an energy storage system. This work presents an optimal strategy for CSES operators and community members to determine their optimal energy trading strategy based on social welfare maximization. Energy communities contain diverse resources, demand patterns, and constraints. The Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) technique is an iterative nature that decomposes the original problem into smaller sub-problems and enables parallel processing of these sub-problems. The final decomposed subproblems enable community agents to determine their optimal strategies independently decreasing the solving time, speeding up convergence to the optimal solution, and improving the scalability. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated by a case study. The presented model demonstrates that by leasing the capacity of CSES, community members could decrease their energy supply costs. Moreover, the CSES can supply the required charging and discharging power of community members from the local grid.
Presentation of the obsolete drug reserpine in three German-language pharmacology textbooks
Authors: Misera Nikolas , Seifert Roland 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor several decades, reserpine was used to treat hypertension and, to a limited extent, psychoses. Over time, however, the indication became more and more restricted to the point of obsolescence. This study examines the extent to which textbooks are up to date in their content and oriented towards therapeutic guidelines, using the obsolete drug reserpine as a paradigm. Three German pharmacology textbook series were examined for the coverage of reserpine from 1964-2023: Allgemeine und Spezielle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie (Aktories), Allgemeine und Spezielle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie (Karow) and Pharmakologie und Toxikologie (Lüllmann). We compared the textbook content with data on reserpine prescriptions and hypertension guidelines and analysed the relevance of reserpine in examinations using German federal exam questions by the Institute for medical and pharmaceutical exam questions (IMPP). The textbooks differ conceptually from each other. The indication of reserpine for hypertension has become more restricted over time in all three textbooks, yet they partially show discrepancies with hypertension guidelines. The reserpine prescription figures show a strong decline , and reserpine has not been queried by the IMPP, which underlines the obsolescence of the drug. Overall, our study shows that the presentation of a representative obsolete drug in pharmacology textbooks lags current medical practice. We also unmasked more differences in the presentation of an obsolete drug in standard textbooks than anticipated. In conclusion, the analysis of obsolete drugs in pharmacology textbooks is an informative way of assessing how up-to-date they are.
Dynamically computed characteristic adjustment time scale for Zhang–McFarlane convective parameterization scheme
Authors: Wang Minghao , Wang Lanning , Wu Qizhong , Cheng Huaqiong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCharacteristic adjustment time scale τ is an important parameter in convective parameterization scheme. In this paper, we propose a dynamic calculation formula of τ in the Zhang–McFarlane scheme based on convective available potential energy (CAPE) in order to improve the simulation of precipitation. The performance of using the new formula is tested and evaluated using the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM5) for numerical experiments. The results indicate that the root mean square errors of mean precipitation amount over the Northern Hemisphere eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, the central Indo-Pacific Warm Pool, the Tibetan Plateau, and northern South America are reduced by 20.15, 16.40, 12.56, and 6.45% in summer, respectively, after a dynamic τ is adopted. The dynamically computed τ improves the Pacific Walker circulation by strengthening the western ascending and eastern descending, and increases the intensity of deep convective precipitation in tropical areas by at least 1 mm/day. Dynamic τ also increases the frequency of large deep convective precipitation in the equatorial Pacific by almost 50%, and decreases the frequency of light deep convective precipitation in many other regions. The dynamic τ has positive effects in the areas with large CAPE and spatiotemporal variability, and also leads to an increase in deep convective precipitation and a significant decrease in large-scale precipitation over high-altitude regions of windward slopes. Therefore, the generation of exaggerated precipitation in the highlands is reduced in the CAM5. Overall, the dynamic calculation of characteristic adjustment time scale can improve precipitation simulation.
The impact of aspirin use on outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Insights from a national database
Authors: Iqbal Humzah , Arora Gagandeep Singh , Singh Ishandeep , Kohli Isha , Chaudhry Hunza , Sohal Aalam , Prajapati Devang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder that can increase the risk of mortality. Aspirin is an anti-inflammatory drug used for primary prevention of cardiovascular events. A single center analysis previously reported that aspirin use did not impact major outcomes in IBD. In this study, we aim to assess the impact of aspirin use on mortality and other outcomes in patients with IBD using national data.

Methods
National inpatient sample (NIS) 2016–2020 was used to identify adult patients with IBD. Data were collected on patient demographics, hospital characteristics, and comorbidities. The outcomes studied were in-hospital mortality, sepsis, shock, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, and need for surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results
A total of 1,524,820 IBD hospitalizations were included. Of these, 137,430 (9%) were long-term aspirin users. The majority of the patients in the aspirin group were aged > 65 years (34.11%), female (56.37%), White (78.83%) and had Medicare insurance (36.77%). Aspirin users had a lower incidence of in-hospital mortality (1.6% vs 1.4%, P = 0.06), sepsis (2.5% vs 2.9%, P < 0.001), shock (2.9% vs 3.4%, P < 0.001), ICU admission (2.6% vs 2.9%, P < 0.001), need for surgery (2.1% vs 4.2%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, aspirin was associated with a reduction in mortality (adjusted odds ratio: 0.49, 95%CI 0.45–0.55, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our study reports that aspirin use among patients with IBD was associated with a lower risk of death, sepsis, and shock. Aspirin use may have a protective effect in patients with IBD. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
The resting calcaneal stance position (RCSP): an old dog, with new tricks
Authors: Martinez-Sebastian Carlos , Gijon-Nogueron Gabriel , Ramos-Petersen Laura , Molina-Garcia Cristina , Sánchez-Gómez Rubén , Evans Angela M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to establish the accuracy of the resting calcaneal stance position (RCSP) for the assessment of flat foot (FF) in children, aligned to the validity of the foot posture index (FPI). The RCSP cut-off point was explored, in context of both FF prevalence and the relationship between FF and body weight. A total of 205 healthy children, aged 5 to 10 years, participated in a cross-sectional study. Correlation was performed between RCSP and FPI. ROC curve technique was calculated to assess differentiation between groups. A score equal to or greater than 7 on the FPI was used as the ‘gold standard’ for analysis. The correlation between FPI and RCSP was significant (r = 0.63; p < 0.01). The discrimination score on the ROC curve (6 points/degrees) shows that the model can be used to identify FF through RCSP, with a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 85% returned. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the role of RCSP for simple, accessible and quick screening of paediatric FF. This is especially pertinent for non-podiatric healthcare professional without specialised paediatric foot knowledge.

What is Known:• Most children develop a normal arch quickly, and flat feet usually resolve on their own between 2 and 6 years of age.• The measurement used to diagnose flat foot in children must be accurate, consistent, and valid to characterize the standard foot position. The Resting Calcaneal Stance Position (RCSP) is another widely used measure to evaluate the position of the flat foot in children.

What is New:• The RCSP cut-off point 6 shows a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 85% thanks to the FPI as the Gold standard.• The RCSP is useful for health professionals who are not specialised in pediatric foot health. The RCSP is useful to detect flat foot in children.
Physical activity and its impact on cardiovascular health in pediatric kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Kohlmeier Lena , von der Born Jeannine , Lehmann Elena , Fröde Kerstin , Grabitz Carl , Greiner Anne-Sophie , Albrecht Alexander A. , Memaran Nima , Sugianto Rizky I. , Tegtbur Uwe , Schmidt Bernhard M. W. , Kanzelmeyer Nele , Melk Anette 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity after kidney transplantation (KTx) in childhood is of increasing importance. In light of a high prevalence of CV risk factors, protective measures such as physical activity (PA) come into focus. Our aim was to comprehensively assess PA in pediatric KTx recipients and evaluate its impact on CV health.

Methods
Forty-eight patients were assessed for frequency, duration, intensity, and setting of PA using the “Motorik–Modul” PA questionnaire. Walking-based activity was measured by accelerometer in a subgroup (n = 23). CV risk factors and subclinical CV organ damage were determined. The impact of PA on CV parameters was analyzed using linear regression models.

Results
Fifty-two percent of pediatric KTx recipients did not reach WHO recommended PA level; 54% did not engage in PA with vigorous intensity (VPA). Twenty-nine percent indicated an extremely inactive lifestyle (< 120 min/week of moderate to vigorous intensity PA, MVPA). Compared to the healthy German KiGGS cohort, KTx recipients specifically lacked engagement in sport activities (KTx: 129 min/week; 95%CI, 97–162 vs. KiGGS, 242 min/week; 95%CI, 230–253). VPA was associated with lower systolic blood pressure (p = 0.024) and resting heart rate (p = 0.005), MVPA with fewer components of the post-transplant metabolic syndrome (p = 0.037), and better left ventricular diastolic function (p = 0.006).

Conclusions
A considerable lack of PA, especially VPA, exists in young KTx recipients. PA was positively associated with important parameters of CV health. While long-term CV protection through PA seems promising in pediatric KTx recipients, specific educational approaches are most likely needed to increase patients’ engagement in sport activities.

Graphical abstract
Para-Abelian Varieties and Albanese Maps
Authors: Laurent Bruno , Schröer Stefan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe construct for every proper algebraic space over a ground field an Albanese map to a para-abelian variety, which is unique up to unique isomorphism. This holds in the absence of rational points or ample sheaves, and also for reducible or non-reduced spaces, under the mere assumption that the structure morphism is in Stein factorization. It also works under suitable assumptions in families. In fact the treatment of the relative setting is crucial, even to understand the situation over ground fields. This also ensures that Albanese maps are equivariant with respect to actions of group schemes. Our approach depends on the notion of families of para-abelian varieties, where each geometric fiber admits the structure of an abelian variety, and representability of tau-parts in relative Picard groups, together with structure results on algebraic groups.
The synthesis of higher-carbon sugar alcohols via indium-mediated acyloxyallylation as potential phase change materials
Authors: Draskovits Markus , Biedermann Nina , Mihovilovic Marko D. , Schnürch Michael , Stanetty Christian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, sugar alcohols have gained significant attention as organic phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage due to their comparably high thermal storage densities up to 350 J/g. In a computational study, outstandingly high values of up to ~ 450500 J/g have been postulated for specific higher-carbon sugar alcohols. These optimized structures feature an even number of carbon atoms in the backbone and a stereochemical configuration in which all hydroxyl groups are in an 1,3-anti-relationship, as found in the natural hexitol d-mannitol. However, these manno-configured higher-carbon sugar alcohols have not been experimentally investigated as PCMs yet and described synthetic routes are elaborate multiple steps syntheses. Therefore, we aimed to synthesize sugar alcohols of the manno-series with a concise synthetic protocol based on the indium-mediated acyloxyallylation (IMA) of aldoses. En route the C2-epimers were easily accessible, namely gluco-configured sugar alcohols, bearing one set of hydroxyl groups in a suboptimal 1,3-syn-realtionship. The synthesized compounds were found to possess thermal properties consistent with the predicted values, and the “perfect” higher-carbon sugar alcohol with eight carbon atoms was found to have indeed an outstanding high latent heat of fusion of ~ 380 J/g with a melting point of 260 °C.
Graphical abstract
Patients with oral lichen planus display lower levels of salivary acidic glycoproteins than individuals without oral mucosal disease
Authors: Çevik‐Aras H. , Musa Shehed , Olofsson Richard , Almståhl Annica , Almhöjd Ulrica 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Salivary proteins, acidic glycoproteins, and free calcium might take part in oral mucosal defence against inflammation in oral lichen planus (OLP). The study aimed to investigate whether the levels of sulfated and sialylated glycoproteins, total protein, and free calcium in saliva from patients with OLP differ from those of individuals without oral mucosal diseases.

Material and Methods
Patients diagnosed with OLP (n = 25) and two control groups without any oral mucosal disease; age- and gender-matched controls (n = 25, 65.6 ± 2.9 years), and younger controls (n = 25, 41.8 ± 2.5 years) were included. Subjective dry mouth (xerostomia) was assessed by asking a single-item question. Chew-stimulated whole saliva was collected to measure sulfated and sialylated glycoproteins by the Alcian Blue method. The total protein was determined spectrophotometrically, and the free calcium measured using an electrode.

Results
The output of salivary sulfated and sialylated glycoproteins in the OLP group (21.8 ± 2.4 µg/min) was lower than in the age- and gender-matched controls (43.0 ± 2.9 µg/min, p = 0.0002), whereas the total protein and calcium output did not differ between the three groups (p > 0.05). The prevalence of xerostomia was significantly higher in the OLP group compared to both control groups (p = 0.038).

Conclusions
Patients with OLP showed a high prevalence of xerostomia and lower levels of salivary acidic type glycoproteins compared to the individuals without oral mucosa disease.

Clinical relevance
It is relevant to investigate the role of acidic glycoproteins in the pathogenesis of OLP.
Future treatment options for facial nerve palsy: a review on electrical stimulation devices for the orbicularis oculi muscle
Authors: Scherrer Elena , Chaloupka Karla 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFacial nerve palsy can cause diminished eyelid closure (lagophthalmos). This occurs due to functional deficits of the orbicularis oculi muscle, potentially leading to sight-threatening complications due to corneal exposure. Current management options range from frequent lubrication with eye drops, to the use of moisture chambers and surgery. However, achieving functional restoration may not always be possible. Recent efforts have been directed towards the support of orbicularis oculi muscle function through electrical stimulation. Electrical stimulation of the orbicularis oculi muscle has been demonstrated as feasible in human subjects. This article offers a comprehensive review of electrical stimulation parameters necessary to achieve full functionality and a natural-looking eye blink in human subjects. At present, readily available portable electrical stimulation devices remain unavailable. This review lays the foundation for advancing knowledge from laboratory research to clinical practice, with the ultimate objective of developing a portable electrical stimulation device. Further research is essential to enhance our understanding of electrical stimulation, establish safety standards, determine optimal current settings, and investigate potential side effects.
Post-processing for Bayesian analysis of reduced rank regression models with orthonormality restrictions
Authors: Aßmann Christian , Boysen-Hogrefe Jens , Pape Markus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrthonormality constraints are common in reduced rank models. They imply that matrix-variate parameters are given as orthonormal column vectors. However, these orthonormality restrictions do not provide identification for all parameters. For this setup, we show how the remaining identification issue can be handled in a Bayesian analysis via post-processing the sampling output according to an appropriately specified loss function. This extends the possibilities for Bayesian inference in reduced rank regression models with a part of the parameter space restricted to the Stiefel manifold. Besides inference, we also discuss model selection in terms of posterior predictive assessment. We illustrate the proposed approach with a simulation study and an empirical application.