bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
10 Karriere‐Tipps für angehende Biowissenschaftler
Authors: Debus‐Spangenberg Isolde 
Published: March 2004

AbstractJe früher Biowissenschaftler ihre Karriere planen, um so größere Chancen bieten sich ihnen auf dem weiterhin recht angespannten Arbeitsmarkt. Mit der Medienwissenschaftlerin und Karriereberaterin Isolde Debus‐Spangenberg startet BIUZ deshalb in dieser Ausgabe ein Bewerbungstraining für Studenten. Den Anfang machen zehn Karriere‐Tipps, in der nächsten Ausgabe folgen konkrete Ratschläge für eine erfolgreiche Bewerbung.
Selektionsfaktor Jagd
Authors: Kronberg Inge 
Published: March 2004

AbstractWerden aus einer Population gezielt bestimmte Merkmalsträger entfernt und von der Reproduktion ausgeschlossen, werden die Genotyp‐Häufigkeiten verändert: Es findet Evolution statt. Vögel fressen beispielsweise vor allem diejenigen Birkenspanner, die schlecht an den Untergrund angepasst sind. Auch Menschen erlegen bei der Jagd Wildtiere, die sie nach bestimmten Gesichtspunkten auswählen. Handelt es sich dabei um erbliche Merkmale, kann sich die Wildpopulation evolutiv verändern.
„Missing Link”︁ als echter Eukaryot enttarnt
Authors: Brennicke Axel 
Published: March 2004

AbstractAm Zellkern scheiden sich die Lebewesen auf unserem Planeten: Wer einen besitzt, heißt Eukaryot, wer keinen hat, heißt Prokaryot und gehört zu den Archaea oder den Bakterien. Die Eukaryoten haben für spezielle chemische Reaktionen abgeteilte Kammern wie beispielsweise die Mitochondrien, die aus integrierten Prokaryoten entstanden sind. Für die Zwischenstufe dieser Entwicklung (Zellkern — aber noch keine Mitochondrien) gab es unter den heutigen Organismen mehrere Kandidaten. Jetzt wurden auch in dem letzten Zwischenwesen Giardia intestinalis Mitochondrien nachgewiesen. Damit stellt sich die Frage, ob es solche Intermediate überhaupt geben kann, oder ob die Aufnahme der endosymbiotischen Mitochondrien gleichzeitig mit der Ausbildung des Zellkerns erfolgte und diesen vielleicht erst ermöglichte.
Wespenspinnen — Selbstmord für mehr Nachwuchs
Authors: Irsch Wilhelm 
Published: March 2004

AbstractZebra‐ oder Wespenspinne (Argyope bruennichi) ist eine wärmeliebende Art. Seit einigen Jahren breitet sie sich von Süden weiter nach Norden aus und gilt daher als Vorbote einer langsamen klimatischen Veränderung. Doch nicht nur ihr Auftauchen in neuen Lebensräumen macht die Radnetzspinne und damit Verwandte unserer Kreuzspinne für den Biologen interessant. Wespenspinnen verfügen auch über ein recht aufregend wirkendes Sexualleben, dessen Kenntnis durch jüngste Forschungen um ein spannendes Kapitel erweitert werden konnte.
Your health, SIR!
Authors: Kronberg Inge 
Published: March 2004

AbstractVon Jungbrunnen bis Anti‐Aging: Jede Generation hat ihren eigenen Ausdruck gefunden für den übereinstimmenden Wunsch nach ewiger Jugend. Seit langem weiß man, dass eine kalorienreduzierte Diät das Altern verlangsamen kann. Dem Menschen erscheint dieses Verfahren aber oft zu entbehrungsreich und mühsam. Die Suche nach einem pharmazeutisch nutzbaren Stoff mit vergleichbarer Wirkung läuft daher auf Hochtouren.
Analysis of the aconitine alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicines by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis using a new recording mode
Authors: Zhao Shengguo , Pan Zhongwei , Chen Xingguo , Hu Zhide 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe determination of three aconitine alkaloids (hypaconitine, aconitine, mesaconitine) in ﬁve traditional Chinese medicines including two Tibetan medicines, Chuanwu, Caowu, Fuzi, Aconitum Tanguticum Maxim and Aconitum Gymnandrum Maxim by non‐aqueous capillary electrophoresis using a new recording mode is described. The dissociation constants of aconitine, mesaconitine and hypaconitine have also been determined by CZE and were 7.71, 6.60 and 6.25, respectively. The separation was achieved by optimizing the applied voltage, the pH and the concentration of the buffer. The electrophoretic medium was 20 mm borax–70% (v/v) methanol (pH 8.5) and an uncoated capillary (50 cm × 75 µm i.d.) was used. Detection was carried out with a UV monitor at 214 nm. The total time for separation and determination was under 13 min. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generic personality and emotion simulation for conversational agents
Authors: Egges Arjan , Kshirsagar Sumedha , Magnenat‐Thalmann Nadia 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThis paper describes a generic model for personality, mood and emotion simulation for conversational virtual humans. We present a generic model for updating the parameters related to emotional behaviour, as well as a linear implementation of the generic update mechanisms. We explore how existing theories for appraisal can be integrated into the framework. Then we describe a prototype system that uses the described models in combination with a dialogue system and a talking head with synchronized speech and facial expressions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of co‐articulation regions for performance‐driven facial animation
Authors: Fidaleo Douglas , Neumann Ulrich 
Published: March 2004

AbstractA facial gesture analysis procedure is presented for the control of animated faces. Facial images are partitioned into a set of local, independently actuated regions of appearance change termed co‐articulation regions (CRs). Each CR is parameterized by the activation level of a set of face gestures that affect the region. The activation of a CR is analyzed using independent component analysis (ICA) on a set of training images acquired from an actor. Gesture intensity classification is performed in ICA space by correlation to training samples. Correlation in ICA space proves to be an efficient and stable method for gesture intensity classification with limited training data. A discrete sample‐based synthesis method is also presented. An artist creates an actor‐independent reconstruction sample database that is indexed with CR state information analyzed in real time from video. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Chemodiversity of Purine as a Constituent of Natural Products
Authors: Rosemeyer Helmut 
Published: March 2004

AbstractIn this review, I describe various natural manifestations of purine systems, i.e., methylated, higher‐alkylated, and glycosylated forms. These comprise the purine alkaloids, cytokinines, as well as the purine nucleoside antibiotics. In part, the compounds described herein were isolated from natural sources already long ago. However, some have been reported only during the last few years. The biological activities of most of the purine derivatives are briefly described, and, in some cases, syntheses are formulated. In particular, this article introduces the main synthetic principles for the generation of the purine ring system. The last chapter describes modern preparative routes for C‐alkylation and C‐arylation of purines.
Novel Lipid‐Peroxidation‐ and Cyclooxygenase‐Inhibitory Tannins from Picrorhiza kurroa Seeds
Authors: Zhang Yanjun , DeWitt David L. , Murugesan Sorimuthu , Nair Muraleedharan G. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFrom the AcOEt extract of the seeds of Picrorhiza kurroa were isolated picrorhiza acid (1), picrorhizoside A (2), picrorhizoside B (3), picrorhizoside C (4), (−)‐shikimic acid (5), gallic acid (6), ellagic acid (7), isocorilagin (8), 1‐O‐galloyl‐β‐D‐glucose (9), 1‐O,3‐O,6‐O‐trigalloyl‐β‐D‐glucose (10), and 1‐O,2‐O,3‐O,4‐O,6‐O‐pentagalloyl‐β‐D‐glucose (11), and their structures were established by extensive NMR and chemical studies. Constituents 1–4 are novel compounds, and the known compounds 5–11 have been isolated for the first time from the seeds of P. kurroa. Compounds 2 and 3 were hydrolyzed and yielded 12, isochebulic acid. Compounds 1–12 showed 89.6, 77.3, 56.1, 50.5, 11.0, 86.4, 50.5, 29.2, 70.9, 50.5, 56.5, and 86.1% inhibition of lipid peroxidation at 5 μg/ml, respectively. The commercial antioxidants BHA (1.8 μg/ml), BHT (2.2 μ/ml), and TBHQ (1.66 μg/ml) inhibited lipid peroxidation at 85.6, 87.1, and 81.1%, respectively. The inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐1 (COX‐1) by 2–5, 7, 8, and 10–12 at 100 μg/ml was 41.9, 28.4, 32.9, 9.3, 70.7, 34.7, 16.0, 89.6, and 53.4%, respectively. Similarly, compounds 1–8 and 11 and 12, at 100 μg/ml, inhibited COX‐2 by 12.6, 15.3, 25.1, 5.3, 13.2, 21.7, 2.0, 42.4, 43.4, and 36.9%, respectively.
Modelling of the Complex between a 15‐Residue Peptide from mSos2 and the N‐Terminal SH3 Domain of Grb2 by Molecular‐Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Calero Sofía , Lago Santiago , van Gunsteren Wilfred F. , Daura Xavier 
Published: March 2004

AbstractUnder specific conditions, the complex formed by the adaptor protein Grb2 and the guanine‐nucleotide exchange factor Sos2 is responsible for the activation of Ras, a low‐molecular‐weight GTPase involved in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation. The interaction between the N‐terminal SH3 domain of the mouse Grb2 and one of its potential target sequences in the mouse, Sos2, a 15‐residue peptide corresponding to residues 1264–1278, had been studied by NMR. However, the resulting data provided very limited information on the structure of the peptide and its interaction with the protein. Here, we present results from a molecular‐dynamics simulation aimed at producing a realistic, atomic model for the interaction between the N‐terminal SH3 domain of Grb2 and the SPLLPKLPPKTYKRE peptide from Sos2. In the simulation, the peptide adopts an extended conformation over the protein's binding surface. The proposed polyproline‐type‐II helicity appears only locally, and the peptide displays substantial flexibility. It is found that the peptide residues Lys10 to Tyr12 could be responsible for most of the specificity of the interaction.
Pentacoordinate Nickel(II) Complexes Double Bridged by Phosphate Ester or Phosphinate Ligands: Spectroscopic, Structural, Kinetic, and Magnetic Studies
Authors: Santana M. Dolores , García Gabriel , Lozano A. Abel , López Gregorio , Tudela José , Pérez José , García Luis , Lezama Luis , Rojo Teófilo 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe bis(phosphatediester)‐bridged complexes [{Ni([12]aneN3)(μ‐O2P(OR)2)}2](PF6)2 {[12]aneN3=Me3[12]aneN3, 2,4,4‐trimethyl‐1,5,9‐triazacyclododec‐1‐ene; R=Me (1), Bu (2), Ph (3), Ph‐4‐NO2 (4); [12]aneN3=Me4[12]aneN3, 2,4,4,9‐tetramethyl‐1,5,9‐triazacyclododec‐1‐ene; R=Me (5), Bu (6), Ph (7), Ph‐4‐NO2 (8)} were prepared by hydrolysis of the phosphate triester with the hydroxo complex [{Ni([12]aneN3)(μ‐OH)}2](PF6)2 or by acid–base reaction of the dialkyl or diaryl phosphoric acid and the above hydroxo complex. The acid–base reaction was also used to synthesise the phosphinate‐bridged complexes [{Ni([12]aneN3)(μ‐O2PR2)}2](PF6)2 {[12]aneN3=Me3[12]aneN3, R=Me (9), Ph (10); [12]aneN3=Me4[12]aneN3, R=Me (11), Ph (12)}. The molecular structures of complexes 2, 3 and 12 were established by single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. The eight‐membered rings defined by the nickel atoms and the bridging ligands show distorted twist‐boat, chair and boat–boat conformations in 2, 3 and 12, respectively. The experimental susceptibility data for compounds 2, 3 and 12 were fitted by least‐squares methods to the analytical expression given by Ginsberg. The best fit was obtained with values of J=−0.11 cm−1, D=−9.5 cm−1 and g=2.20 for 2; J=−0.97 cm−1, D=−9.3 cm−1 and g=2.21 for 3; and J=−0.14 cm−1, D=−11.9 cm−1 and g=2.195 for 12. The magnetic‐exchange pathways must involve the phosphate/phosphinate bridges, because these favour antiferromagnetic interactions. The observation of a higher exchange parameter for compound 3 is a consequence of a favourable disposition of the OPO bridges. The kinetics for the hydrolysis of TNP (tris(4‐nitrophenyl)phosphate) with the dinuclear nickel(II) hydroxo complex [{Ni(Me3[12]aneN3)(μ‐OH)}2](PF6)2 was studied by UV‐visible spectroscopy. The proposed mechanism for TNP‐promoted hydrolysis can be described as one‐substrate/two‐product, and can be fitted to a Michaelis–Menten equation.
Low‐Temperature Destruction of Carbon Tetrachloride over Lanthanide Oxide‐Based Catalysts: From Destructive Adsorption to a Catalytic Reaction Cycle
Authors: Van der Avert Pieter , Podkolzin Simon G. , Manoilova Olga , de Winne Hendrik , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe catalytic destruction of carbon tetrachloride in the presence of steam, CCl4 + 2 H2O→4 HCl + CO2, was investigated at 200–350 °C over a series of lanthanide (La, Ce, Pr and Nd) and alkaline‐earth metal (Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba) oxide‐based catalysts with kinetic experiments, Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and DFT calculations. This new catalytic reaction was achieved by combining destructive adsorption of CCl4 on a basic oxide surface and concurrent dechlorination of the resulting partially chlorinated solid by steam. The combination of the two noncatalytic reactions into a catalytic cycle provided a rare opportunity in heterogeneous catalysis for studying the nature and extent of surface participation in the overall reaction chemistry. The reaction is proposed to proceed over a terminal lattice oxygen site with stepwise donation of chlorine atoms from the hydrocarbon to the surface and formation of the gas‐phase intermediate COCl2, which is readily readsorbed at the catalyst surface to form CO2. In a second step, the active catalyst surface is regenerated by steam with formation of gas‐phase HCl. Depending on the reaction conditions, the catalytic material was found to transform dynamically from the metal oxide state to the metal oxide chloride or metal chloride state due to the bulk diffusion of oxygen and chlorine atoms. A catalyst obtained from a 10 wt % La2O3/Al2O3 precursor exhibited the highest destruction rate: 0.289 g CCl4 h−1 g−1 catalyst at 350 °C, which is higher than that of any other reported catalyst system.
A Systematic Investigation into the Mechanism of the Reaction Between CF3 Radicals and CO/O2
Authors: Burgos Paci Maximiliano A. , Argüello Gustavo A. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractA complete study of the reaction of CF3 radicals in the presence of CO and O2 was carried out by using isotopically labeled reagents to form, selectively, all the possible isotopomers of the intermediate trioxide, CF3OC(O)OOOC(O)OCF3, and of the stable peroxide, CF3OC(O)OOC(O)OCF3. Analyses were carried out by means of FTIR spectroscopy in combination with ab initio calculations. At temperatures close to 0 °C, the acyloxy radicals formed were shown to exist long enough to yield a statistical mixture of isotopomers. In previous reports their lifetime was considered to be too short.
Control of Hydrogen Bond Strengths through Push–Pull Effects Triggered by a Remote Reaction Center: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Hwang Tsong‐Song , Juan Ning , Chen Hsing‐Yin , Chen Cheng‐Chung , Lo Shih‐Jung , Chao Ito 
Published: March 2004

AbstractIn an effort to manipulate the bond strengths of hydrogen bonds, we have studied a three‐component chemical system consisting of a reaction center, a conjugated bridge, and a hydrogen‐bonding site. Protonation of the reaction center triggers intramolecular charge transfer from the hydrogen‐bonding site, altering its affinity to bind to an acceptor. Previously, we had found that this communication (signal transduction) between the reaction center and the hydrogen‐bonding site does not necessarily die out with increasing length of the conjugated bridge. In certain cases, this signal transduction is maintained—and even amplified—over long distances (I. Chao, T.‐S. Hwang, Angew. Chem. 2001, 113, 2775–2777; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 2703–2705). In this study we report the results of an extensive theoretical investigation of this problem to provide insights into this intriguing phenomenon. In the systems we investigated it was found that the push–pull process between the hydrogen‐bonding site and the protonatable reaction center was mediated with the greatest facility by conjugated bridges with low‐lying π and π* orbitals.
Dynamic Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries: Probing the Binding Site of the Concanavalin A Lectin
Authors: Ramström Olof , Lohmann Sophie , Bunyapaiboonsri Taridaporn , Lehn Jean‐Marie 
Published: March 2004

AbstractDynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) has emerged as an efficient approach to receptor/ligand identification based on the generation of combinatorial libraries by reversible interconversion of the library constituents. In this study, the implementation of such libraries on carbohydrate–lectin interactions was examined with the plant lectin Concanavalin A as a target species. Dynamic carbohydrate libraries were generated from a pool of carbohydrate aldehydes and hydrazide linker/scaffold components through reversible acylhydrazone exchange, resulting in libraries containing up to 474 constituents. Dynamic deconvolution allowed the efficient identification of the structural features required for binding to Concanavalin A and the selection of a strong binder, a tritopic mannoside, showing an IC50‐value of 22 μM.
Homogeneous Catalysts Supported on Soluble Polymers: Biphasic Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling of Aryl Chlorides Using Phase‐Tagged Palladium–Phosphine Catalysts
Authors: an der Heiden Markus , Plenio Herbert 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of aryl chlorides and PhB(OH)2 under biphasic conditions (DMSO/heptane) can be performed in almost quantitative yields over several cycles by means of polymeric Pd catalysts with soluble polyethylene glycol phase tags. Three sterically demanding and electron‐rich phosphines 1‐CH2Br,4‐CH2P(1‐Ad)2‐C6H4, and 2‐PCy2,2′‐OH‐biphenyl, and 2‐PtBu2,2′‐OH‐biphenyl were covalently bonded to 2000 Dalton MeOPEG‐OH. The catalysts, which were formed in situ from Na2[PdCl4], the respective polymeric phosphine, KF/K3PO4, and PhB(OH)2, efficiently couple aryl chlorides at 80 °C at 0.5 mol % loading, resulting in a >90 % yield of the respective biphenyl derivatives. The use of polar phase tags allows the efficient recovery of palladium–phosphine catalysts by simple phase separation of the catalyst‐containing DMSO solution and the product‐containing n‐heptane phase. The high activity (TOF) of the catalyst remains almost constant over more than five reaction cycles, which involve the catalytic reaction, separation of the product phase from the catalyst phase, and addition of new reactants to initiate the next cycle. The Buchwald type biphenyl phosphines form the most active Pd catalysts, which are 1.3–2.8 times more active than catalysts derived from diadamantyl–benzylphosphine, but appear to be less robust in the recycling experiments. There is no apparent leaching of the catalyst into the heptane solution (<0.05 %), as evidenced by spectrophotometric measurements, and contamination of the product with Pd is avoided.
Design, Synthesis and Structural Investigations of a β‐Peptide Forming a 314‐Helix Stabilized by Electrostatic Interactions
Authors: Rueping Magnus , Mahajan Yogesh R. , Jaun Bernhard , Seebach Dieter 
Published: March 2004

AbstractTwo different strategies have been employed for the synthesis of Fmoc‐protected β3‐homoarginine; the Arndt–Eistert homologation of α‐arginine and the guanidinylation of β3‐homoornithine. Solid‐phase β‐peptide synthesis was used for the preparation of β‐heptapeptide 1, which was designed to form a helix stabilized by electrostatic interactions through positively (β3hArg) and negatively charged (β3hGlu) amino acid residues. CD measurements and corresponding NMR investigations in MeOH and aqueous solutions do indeed show that the β‐peptidic 314‐helix can be stabilized by salt‐bridge formation.
Reaction of Alkenes with Hydrogen Peroxide and Sodium Iodide: A Nonenzymatic Biogenic‐Like Approach to Iodohydrins
Authors: Barluenga José , Marco‐Arias María , González‐Bobes Francisco , Ballesteros Alfredo , González José M. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractAn efficient protocol to synthesize iodohydrins from alkenes is presented. Reactions were conducted in aqueous media using safe and readily available sodium iodide (the most abundant form of the element), and a highly convenient oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide. Addition of a protic acid triggers a faster and efficient process, a role formally related to that played by haloperoxidase enzymes in naturally occurring transformations. The successful application of these conditions to multigram scale preparations and over natural products derivatives is also discussed.
Titanocene‐Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization of Epoxypolyprenes: Straightforward Synthesis of Terpenoids by Free‐Radical Chemistry
Authors: Justicia José , Rosales Antonio , Buñuel Elena , Oller‐López Juan L. , Valdivia Mónica , Haïdour Ali , Oltra J. Enrique , Barrero Alejandro F. , Cárdenas Diego J. , Cuerva Juan M. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractThe titanocene‐catalyzed cascade cyclization of epoxypolyenes, which are easily prepared from commercially available polyprenoids, has proven to be a useful procedure for the synthesis of C10, C15, C20, and C30 terpenoids, including monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic natural products. Both theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that this cyclization takes place in a nonconcerted fashion via discrete carbon‐centered radicals. Nevertheless, the termination step of the process seems to be subjected to a kind of water‐dependent control, which is unusual in free‐radical chemistry. The catalytic cycle is based on the use of the novel combination Me3SiCl/2,4,6‐collidine to regenerate the titanocene catalyst. In practice this procedure has several advantages: it takes place at room temperature under mild conditions compatible with different functional groups, uses inexpensive reagents, and its end step can easily be controlled to give exocyclic double bonds by simply excluding water from the medium.
Realization of Unusual Ligand Binding Motifs in Metalated Container Molecules: Synthesis, Structures, and Magnetic Properties of the Complexes [(LMe)Ni2(μ‐L′)]n+ with L′=NO3−, NO2−, N3−, N2H4, Pyridazine, Phthalazine, Pyrazolate, and Benzoate
Authors: Hausmann Julia , Klingele Marco H. , Lozan Vasile , Steinfeld Gunther , Siebert Dieter , Journaux Yves , Girerd Jean Jacques , Kersting Berthold 
Published: March 2004

AbstractA series of dinickel(II) complexes with the 24‐membered macrocyclic hexaazadithiophenol ligand H2LMe was prepared and examined. The doubly deprotonated form (LMe)2− forms complexes of the type [(LMe)Ni${{{\rm II}\hfill \atop 2\hfill}}$(μ‐L′)]n+ with a bioctahedral N3NiII(μ‐SR)2(μ‐L′)NiIIN3 core and an overall calixarene‐like structure. The bridging coordination site L′ is accessible for a wide range of exogenous coligands. In this study L′=NO3−, NO2−, N3−, N2H4, pyrazolate (pz), pyridazine (pydz), phthalazine (phtz), and benzoate (OBz). Crystallographic studies reveal that each substrate binds in a distinct fashion to the [(LMe)Ni2]2+ portion: NO2−, N2H4, pz, pydz, and phtz form μ1,2‐bridges, whereas NO3−, N3−, and OBz− are μ1,3‐bridging. These distinctive binding motifs and the fact that some of the coligands adopt unusual conformations is discussed in terms of complementary host–guest interactions and the size and form of the binding pocket of the [(LMe)Ni2]2+ fragment. UV/Vis and electrochemical studies reveal that the solid‐state structures are retained in the solution state. The relative stabilities of the complexes indicate that the [(LMe)Ni2]2+ fragment binds anionic coligands preferentially over neutral ones and strong‐field ligands over weak‐field ligands. Secondary van der Waals interactions also contribute to the stability of the complexes. Intramolecular ferromagnetic exchange interactions are present in the nitrito‐, pyridazine‐, and the benzoato‐bridged complexes where J=+6.7, +3.5, and +5.8 cm−1 (H=−2 JS1S2, S1=S2=1) as indicated by magnetic susceptibility data taken from 300 to 2 K. In contrast, the azido bridge in [(LMe)Ni2(μ1,3‐N3)]+ results in an antiferromagnetic exchange interaction J=−46.7 cm−1. An explanation for this difference is qualitatively discussed in terms of bonding differences.