bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photothermal‐Controllable Microneedles with Antitumor, Antioxidant, Angiogenic, and Chondrogenic Activities to Sequential Eliminate Tracheal Neoplasm and Reconstruct Tracheal Cartilage
Authors: Wang B. , Fei X. , Yin H. F. , Xu X. N. , Zhu J. J. , Guo Z. Y. , Wu J. W. , Zhu X. S. , Zhang Y. , Xu Y. , Yang Y. , Chen L. S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe optimal treatment for tracheal tumors necessitates sequential tumor elimination and tracheal cartilage reconstruction. This study introduces an innovative inorganic nanosheet, MnO2/PDA@Cu, comprising manganese dioxide (MnO2) loaded with copper ions (Cu) through in situ polymerization using polydopamine (PDA) as an intermediary. Additionally, a specialized methacrylic anhydride modified decellularized cartilage matrix (MDC) hydrogel with chondrogenic effects is developed by modifying a decellularized cartilage matrix with methacrylic anhydride. The MnO2/PDA@Cu nanosheet is encapsulated within MDC‐derived microneedles, creating a photothermal‐controllable MnO2/PDA@Cu‐MDC microneedle. Effectiveness evaluation involved deep insertion of the MnO2/PDA@Cu‐MDC microneedle into tracheal orthotopic tumor in a murine model. Under 808 nm near‐infrared irradiation, facilitated by PDA, the microneedle exhibited rapid overheating, efficiently eliminating tumors. PDA's photothermal effects triggered controlled MnO2 and Cu release. The MnO2 nanosheet acted as a potent inorganic nanoenzyme, scavenging reactive oxygen species for an antioxidant effect, while Cu facilitated angiogenesis. This intervention enhanced blood supply at the tumor excision site, promoting stem cell enrichment and nutrient provision. The MDC hydrogel played a pivotal role in creating a chondrogenic niche, fostering stem cells to secrete cartilaginous matrix. In conclusion, the MnO2/PDA@Cu‐MDC microneedle is a versatile platform with photothermal control, sequentially combining antitumor, antioxidant, pro‐angiogenic, and chondrogenic activities to orchestrate precise tracheal tumor eradication and cartilage regeneration.
Tear clearance rate in dogs: Measurement using anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Yoon Hyun‐Jeong , Park Sangshin , Kim Joon‐Young 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe tear clearance rate (TCR), determined using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS‐OCT) images, and its correlation with ocular surface parameters, including blink rate, Schirmer tear test‐1 (STT‐1) and tear film breakup time (TFBUT), were evaluated.Animals studiedLeft eyes of 20 client‐owned dogs with no ocular disease symptoms.ProceduresThe tear meniscus height (TMH) was evaluated using AS‐OCT images before the instillation of 5 μL saline (TMHbase), immediately post‐instillation (TMH0), 30‐s post‐instillation (TMH0.5) and at 1 min intervals for 5 min post‐instillation (TMH1, TMH2, TMH3, TMH4 and TMH5). The TCR was calculated using the formula [(TMH0 − TMH0.5)/TMH0]×100 (%). The eyes were classified into two groups with the median: ‘High TMHbase’ (n = 10) and ‘Low TMHbase’ (n = 10). Eyes with STT‐1 values ≥15 mm/min and TFBUT ≥ 12 s were assigned to the ‘Satisfied’ subgroup, whereas eyes not satisfying these criteria were assigned to the ‘Not satisfied’ subgroup.ResultsTMH0 was higher than TMH0.5 (p = 0.02), wherein TMH0.5 to TMH5 did not differ significantly. The TCR and blink rate were negatively correlated (p = 0.02). The ‘Not satisfied’ subgroup in the low TMHbase group had a lower TCR (p = 0.02) and higher blink rate (p = 0.04) than the ‘Satisfied’ subgroup.ConclusionsTCR can be evaluated using AS‐OCT in dogs. Eyes with a lower TCR blink more frequently. TMH merits studying to understand ocular surface health.
Derivative of Certain Stochastic Integrals with Anticipating Integrands
Authors: Jornet Marc 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe investigate whether an analogue of the fundamental theorem of calculus holds for the Ayed–Kuo stochastic integral. This integral was defined for anticipating processes $$\phi =\{\phi _t:t\in [a,b]\}$$

ϕ
=
{

ϕ
t

:
t
∈

[
a
,
b
]

}

of the form $$\phi _t=h_t\psi _t$$

ϕ
t

=

h
t

ψ
t

, where h is adapted and $$\psi $$
ψ
is instantly independent with respect to the forward filtration of Brownian motion B. If $$Y_t=\int _a^t \phi _s\text {d}B_s$$

Y
t

=

∫
a
t

ϕ
s

d

B
s

, we aim at proving that $$\begin{aligned} \underset{\Delta t\rightarrow 0}{\text {plim}}\left( \frac{\Delta Y_t}{\Delta B_t}-h_t\psi _{t+\Delta t}\right) =0 \end{aligned}$$

plim

Δ
t
→
0

Δ

Y
t

Δ

B
t

-

h
t

ψ

t
+
Δ
t

=
0

under different scenarios, where the limit is taken to be in probability.
A comprehensive review of studying the influence of laser cutting parameters on surface and kerf quality of metals
Authors: Alsaadawy Muhammad , Dewidar Montasser , Said Ahmed , Maher Ibrahem , Shehabeldeen Taher A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSheet metals such as titanium alloys, steel alloys, and aluminum alloys are significant materials due to their importance among everyday life products as well as high-strength applications in aircraft, ships, automobiles, construction, military, and marine purposes. Recently, laser cutting is one of the best and fastest non-conventional methods to cut sheet metals, so it is necessary to understand how laser cutting parameters affect cutting quality. A comprehensive review was presented to investigate how laser cutting parameters affect the cut surface and kerf quality and which parameters affect cutting quality the most. An overview of the advantages of laser cutting when compared to other methods of machining was presented. In addition, a description of the laser cutting method and the different sources of laser were presented with clearing the range of thicknesses of the cut material for each source and their advantages. Also, a description of the properties and the applications of the studied materials were discussed. The performance parameters ofcutting were illustrated in detail by graphs and equations. The research analysis and discussion were discussed in such organized details by tables and graphs which show the full classification of the studied papers. It was found that the best conditions to obtain low surface roughness, small HAZ width, small kerf width, and small kerf angle are using low laser power, high cutting speed, medium gas pressure, high standoff distance, medium pulse frequency, medium pulse width, small nozzle diameter, small thickness, and nitrogen as an assist gas.
Rapid characterization of adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid proteins using microchip ZipChip CE-MS
Authors: Smith Josh , Carillo Sara , Kulkarni Aditya , Redman Erin , Yu Kate , Bones Jonathan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are viral vectors used as delivery systems for gene therapies. Intact protein characterization of AAV viral capsid proteins (VPs) and their post-translational modifications is critical to ensuring product quality. In this study, microchip-based ZipChip capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) was applied for the rapid characterization of AAV intact VPs, specifically full and empty viral capsids of serotypes AAV6, AAV8 and AAV9, which was accomplished using 5 min of analysis time. Low levels of dimethyl sulfoxide (4%) in the background electrolyte (BGE) improved MS signal quality and component detection. A sensitivity evaluation revealed consistent detection of VP proteoforms when as little as 2.64 × 106 viral particles (≈26.4 picograms) were injected. Besides the traditional VP proteoforms used for serotype identification, multiple VP3 variants were detected, including truncated VP3 variants most likely generated by leaky scanning as well as unacetylated and un-cleaved VP3 proteoforms. Phosphorylation, known to impact AAV transduction efficiency, was also seen in all serotypes analysed. Additionally, low abundant fragments originating from either N- or C-terminus truncation were detected. As the aforementioned VP components can impact product quality and efficacy, the ZipChip’s ability to rapidly characterize them illustrates its strength in monitoring product quality during AAV production.
Graphical Abstract
User versus institutional perspectives of metadata and searching: an investigation of online access to cultural heritage content during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gibson Ryan Colin , Chowdhury Sudatta , Chowdhury Gobinda 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFindings from log analyses of user interactions with the digital content of two large national cultural heritage institutions (National Museums of Scotland and National Galleries of Scotland) during the COVID-19 lockdown highlighted limited engagement compared to pre-pandemic levels. Just 8% of users returned to these sites, whilst the average time spent, and number of pages accessed, were generally low. This prompted a user study to investigate the potential mismatch between the way content was indexed by the curators and searched for by users. A controlled experiment with ten participants, involving two tasks and a selected set of digital cultural heritage content, explored: (a) how does the metadata assigned by cultural heritage organisations meet or differ from the search needs of users? and (b) how can the search strategies of users inform the search pathways employed by cultural heritage organisations? Findings reveal that collection management standards like Spectrum encourage a variety of different characteristics to be considered when developing metadata, yet much of the content is left to the interpretations of curators. Rather, user- and context-specific guidelines could be beneficial in ensuring the aspects considered most important by consumers are indexed, thereby producing more relevant search results. A user-centred approach to designing cultural heritage websites would help to improve an individual’s experience when searching for information. However, a process is needed for institutions to form a concrete understanding of who their target users are before developing features and designs to suit their specific needs and interests.
Predicting merge conflicts considering social and technical assets
Authors: Vale Gustavo , Costa Heitor , Apel Sven 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConcurrent contributions to a code base may introduce merge conflicts. Whereas merge conflicts are easy and common to introduce, resolving them is a difficult, time-consuming, and often error-prone task. Previous research concentrated on the emergence of merge conflicts considering technical assets in their analyses and often ignored the social perspective (e.g., developer roles). Our goal is to understand and predict merge conflicts considering social and technical assets. We devise three models for predicting merge conflicts based on common measures used by developers. The first model focuses on the social assets, the second on technical assets, and the third on technical and social assets. To evaluate our predictors, we report on a large-scale empirical study analyzing the histories of 66 real-world software systems. Specifically, we categorize developers into top or occasional contributors at project and merge-scenario level. We found that top contributors at project level and occasional contributors at merge-scenario level cause more merge conflicts than the other roles. Hence, the coordination of top contributors at project level and occasional contributors at merge-scenario level is a good starting point to minimize the occurrence of merge conflicts (especially because when these two developers work on the source branch, the chances of merge conflicts are 32.31%). Overall, we show that predicting merge conflicts incorporating developer roles is possible in practice with high accuracy (0.92) and recall (1.00) when combining technical and social assets, which is vital information to guide improvements on speculative merging techniques.
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) signalling in seed dormancy release, perception of environmental cues, and heat stress response
Authors: Puglia Giuseppe Diego 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSeed germination is a crucial plant-life process whose success depends largely on the seed's ability to germinate under favourable environmental conditions. Through molecular signalling, a seed is able to perceive environmental information, assimilate it, and transmit signals that determine its destiny. Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species (RONS) function as signalling molecules that influence multiple phases of plant development. In the process of seed germination, their presence generally promotes germination completion, though not to the same extent in all species and environments. As signalling molecules, they participate in the sensing of light and temperature fluctuations as favourable germination cues, but they also play a role in inhibiting germination when temperatures exceed the optimal range, preventing seedling exposure to heat. Depending on environmental conditions, RONS set up crosstalk with the major phytohormones involved in germination, ABA, GA, and even auxin, regulating their biosynthesis and signalling. Here, we show relevant studies on how RONS exert seed germination control on multiple levels, such as through protein oxidation, epigenetic control, promotion of phytohormone key-metabolism genes expression, post-translational protein modifications, and redox interactions with DOG1. This review summarises the current understanding of the role of RONS in the seed, from its maturation to the transduction of environmental conditions. Special consideration is given to the RONS-mediated germination response to favourable stimuli, such as light or temperature fluctuations, and to conditions that inhibit germination, such as high temperatures.
Obesity Management Solutions in Rural Communities
Authors: Beverly Elizabeth A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Obesity is more common in rural than in urban areas. The disparities in body mass index (BMI) may be due to growing socioeconomic disparities in rural communities, including limited healthcare infrastructure, lack of access to healthy and affordable food, transportation barriers, financial insecurity, lower educational attainment, and barriers to physical activity. To address these issues, obesity management models are needed in rural areas to promote and sustain weight loss. Obesity interventions for rural populations published in the last 5 years are included in this review.

Recent Findings
Recent clinical trials report improvements in nutrition knowledge, physical activity, reduced energy consumption, and weight loss in rural populations. Three elementary school-based interventions implemented nutrition, physical activity, or a nutrition plus physical activity interventions ranging in duration from 2 months to 3 years. These interventions observed improvements in nutrition knowledge, daily energy intake, and body mass index (BMI), such that the trial resulted in weight loss or prevented weight gain. Two school-based lunch interventions observed increases in fruit and vegetable intake, reductions in energy consumption, and decreases sugar and sodium intake. Two large cluster randomized controlled trials in the USA showed clinically significant weight loss could be achieved via different lifestyle intervention approaches. Similarly, a 1-year intensive lifestyle intervention in Germany documented reductions in body weight and BMI. Additionally, recent telehealth interventions compared the use of teleconferencing, telephone counseling, and short message service (SMS) interventions to promote weight loss. Overall, findings showed that telehealth interventions can recruit and retain rural adults, and improvements in weight loss were greater than or equal to in-person interventions.

Summary
Obesity is a serious public health problem associated with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, and certain cancers. Well-designed, geographically tailored interventions with proper control conditions are needed for rural populations. Including data from neighborhood built environment with comprehensive interventions that address barriers to healthy eating, physical activity, and behavior change hold the most promise for the future.
Cellulose-based sustainable packaging of leafy vegetables: an experimental study on the shelf life of baby spinach
Authors: Agustin-Salazar Sarai , Torrieri Elena , Immirzi Barbara , Di Lorenzo Maria Laura 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA novel bio-based and compostable cellulose film (NF) was studied for the packaging of fresh baby spinach, with results compared to a petroleum-derived non-biodegradable polypropylene (PP) film, currently used to market the same product. Baby spinach is a leafy vegetable with high metabolic activity. A preliminary analysis of the product respiration rate was conducted to select the cellulose film grade. The chosen NF film ensures the optimal O2 and CO2 concentration in the headspace, performing even better than the conventional PP film. In fact, when the leafy vegetable is packed within PP, after 15 days of storage, no equilibrium value of gas concentration was reached, which, upon longer storage, might cause anaerobic conditions and off-odor development. Baby spinach leaves packed with NF film showed a slower decrement in texture properties and total antioxidant capacity during storage with respect to control samples, but also a larger weight loss, mostly due to the high-water permeability of the cellulose. However, water condensation upon storage was noted for both packaging materials. Analysis of mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of the NF film before, during, and after use probed no deterioration of material properties, confirming the potentiality of this polymer for sustainable packaging of fresh leafy vegetables.
A comprehensive survey to study the utilities of image segmentation methods in clinical routine
Authors: Mohapatra Rashmita Kumari , Jolly Lochan , Lyngdoh Dalamchwami Chen , Mourya Gajendra Kumar , Changaai Mangalote Iffa Afsa , Alam Syed Intekhab , Dakua Sarada Prasad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe clinicians usually desire to know the shape of the liver during treatment planning to minimize the damage to the surrounding healthy tissues and hepatic vessels, thus, building the geometric model of the liver becomes paramount. There have been several liver image segmentation methods to build the model over the years. Considering the advantages of conventional image segmentation methods, this paper reviews them that spans over last 2 decades. The review examines about twenty-five automated and eleven semi-automatic approaches that include Probabilistic atlas, K-means, Model and knowledge-based (such as active appearance model, live wire), Graph cut, Region growing, Active contour-based, Expectation Maximization-based, Level sets, Laplacian network optimization, etc. The main contribution of this paper is to highlight their clinical suitability by providing their advantages and possible limitations. It is nearly impossible to assess the methodologies on a single scale because a common patient database is usually not used, rather, diverse datasets such as MICCAI 2007 Grand Challenge (Sliver), 3DIRCADb, Zhu Jiang Hospital of Southern Medical University (China) and others have been used. As a result, this study depends on the popular metrics such as FPR, FNR, AER, JCS, ASSD, DSC, VOE, and RMSD. offering a sense of efficacy of each approach. It is found that while automatic segmentation methods perform better technically, they are usually less preferred by the clinicians. Since the objective of this paper is to provide a holistic view of all the conventional methods from clinicians’ stand point, we have suggested a conventional framework based on the findings in this paper. We have also included a few research challenges that the readers could find them interesting.
Tribological behavior of lubricant-impregnated porous polyimide
Authors: Li Jinbang , Zhou Ningning , Wong Janet S. S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPorous materials impregnated with lubricants can be used in conditions where limited lubricant is desirable. In this work, three porous polyimides (PPI) with different densities were prepared. Polyalphaolefin (PAO) impregnated PPI (iPPI) discs were rubbed against steel and sapphire balls. In operando observations of the iPPI–sapphire contacts show that oil is released under an applied load, forming a meniscus around contacts. Cavitation at the outlet is created at high sliding speeds. The amount of released oil increases with increasing PPI porosity. Contact moduli, E*, estimated based on the actual contact size show that trapped oil in iPPIs contributes to load support. At higher speeds, tribological rehydration of the contact occurs in low density iPPI, with that E* rises with speed. For high density PPIs, high speeds give a constantly high E* which is limited by the viscoelastic properties of the PPI network and possibly the rate of oil exudation. Friction of iPPI–steel contacts is governed by the mechanical properties of the PPI, the flow of the lubricant, and the roughness of the PPI surfaces. For low- and medium- density (highly porous, high roughness) PPIs, large amount of oil is released, and lubrication is mainly via lubricant restricted in the contact in the pores and possibly tribological rehydration. For high density (low porosity) PPI, with lower roughness, hydrodynamic lubrication is achieved which gives the lowest friction. Our results show that polymeric porous materials for effective lubrication require the optimization of its surface roughness, stiffness, oil flow, and oil retentions.
Association of COVID-19 coinfection with increased mortality among patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infection in the Veterans Health Administration system
Authors: Hojat Leila S. , Wilson Brigid M. , Perez Federico , Mojica Maria F. , Singer Mendel E. , Bonomo Robert A. , Epstein Lauren H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infection (PA-BSI) and COVID-19 are independently associated with high mortality. We sought to demonstrate the impact of COVID-19 coinfection on patients with PA-BSI.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Veterans Health Administration.

Patients:
Hospitalized patients with PA-BSI in pre-COVID-19 (January 2009 to December 2019) and COVID-19 (January 2020 to June 2022) periods. Patients in the COVID-19 period were further stratified by the presence or absence of concomitant COVID-19 infection.

Methods:
We characterized trends in resistance, treatment, and mortality over the study period. Multivariable logistic regression and modified Poisson analyses were used to determine the association between COVID-19 and mortality among patients with PA-BSI. Additional predictors included demographics, comorbidities, disease severity, antimicrobial susceptibility, and treatment.

Results:
A total of 6,714 patients with PA-BSI were identified. Throughout the study period, PA resistance rates decreased. Mortality decreased during the pre-COVID-19 period and increased during the COVID-19 period. Mortality was not significantly different between pre-COVID-19 (24.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 23.3–28.6) and COVID-19 period/COVID-negative (26.0%, 95% CI 23.5–28.6) patients, but it was significantly higher in COVID-19 period/COVID-positive patients (47.2%, 35.3–59.3). In the modified Poisson analysis, COVID-19 coinfection was associated with higher mortality (relative risk 1.44, 95% CI 1.01–2.06). Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, higher modified Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score, and no targeted PA-BSI treatment within 48 h were also predictors of higher mortality.

Conclusions:
Higher mortality was observed in patients with COVID-19 coinfection among patients with PA-BSI. Future studies should explore this relationship in other settings and investigate potential SARS-CoV-2 and PA synergy.