bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different involvement for aldolase isoenzymes in kidney glucose metabolism: Aldolase B but not aldolase A colocalizes and forms a complex with FBPase
Authors: Yañez Alejandro J. , Ludwig Heide C. , Bertinat Romina , Spichiger Carlos , Gatica Rodrigo , Berlien Gustavo , Leon Oscar , Brito Monica , Concha Ilona I. , Slebe Juan C. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe expression of aldolase A and B isoenzyme transcripts was confirmed by RT‐PCR in rat kidney and their cell distribution was compared with characteristic enzymes of the gluconeogenic and glycolytic metabolic pathway: fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase (FBPase), phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and pyruvate kinase (PK). We detected aldolase A isoenzyme in the thin limb and collecting ducts of the medulla and in the distal tubules and glomerula of the cortex. The same pattern of distribution was found for PK, but not for aldolase B, PEPCK, and FBPase. In addition, co‐localization studies confirmed that aldolase B, FBPase, and PEPCK are expressed in the same proximal cells. This segregated cell distribution of aldolase A and B with key glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes, respectively, suggests that these aldolase isoenzymes participate in different metabolic pathways. In order to test if FBPase interacts with aldolase B, FBPase was immobilized on agarose and subjected to binding experiments. The results show that only aldolase B is specifically bound to FBPase and that this interaction was specifically disrupted by 60 μM Fru‐1,6‐P2. These data indicate the presence of a modulated enzyme–enzyme interaction between FBPase and isoenzyme B. They affirm that in kidney, aldolase B specifically participates, along the gluconeogenic pathway and aldolase A in glycolysis. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of Concern: Neurotensin and EGF induce synergistic stimulation of DNA synthesis by increasing the duration of ERK signaling in ductal pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Kisfalvi Krisztina , Guha Sushovan , Rozengurt Enrique 
Published: September 2004

AbstractNeurotensin (NT) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced rapid extracellular‐regulated protein kinase (ERK) activation through different signaling pathways in the K‐Ras mutated human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines PANC‐1 and MIA PaCa‐2. NT stimulated ERK activation via a protein kinase C (PKC)‐dependent (but EGF receptor‐independent) pathway in PANC‐1 and MIA PaCa‐2 cells, whereas EGF promoted ERK activation through a PKC‐independent pathway in these cells. Concomitant stimulation of these cells with NT and EGF induced a striking increase in the duration of ERK pathway activation as compared with that obtained in cells treated with each agonist alone. Stimulation with NT + EGF promoted synergistic stimulation of DNA synthesis and anchorage‐independent growth. Addition of the MEK inhibitor U0126, either prior to stimulation with NT + EGF or 2 h after stimulation with NT + EGF prevented the synergistic increase in DNA synthesis and suppressed the sustained phase of ERK activation. Furthermore, treatment with the selective PKC inhibitor GF‐1 converted the sustained ERK activation in response to NT and EGF into a transient signal and also abrogated the synergistic increase in DNA synthesis. Collectively, our results suggest that the sustained phase of ERK signaling mediates the synergistic effects of NT and EGF on DNA synthesis in pancreatic cancer cells. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interactions between cardiac cells enhance cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increase fibroblast proliferation
Authors: Fredj Sandra , Bescond Jocelyn , Louault Claire , Potreau Daniel 
Published: September 2004

AbstractIn cardiac hypertrophy, both excessive enlargement of cardiac myocytes (CMs) and progressive fibrosis are known to occur simultaneously. To investigate the nature of interactions between ventricular CMs and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in these conditions, we have established a “dedifferentiated model” of adult murine CMs in coculture with CFs. In such a model, which is recognized to study cardiac cell hypertrophy in vitro, dedifferentiated CMs in culture and in coculture were characterized by immunopositive staining to ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) and β‐myosin heavy chain (β‐MHC). The results confirm that ANP secretion by CMs was significantly increased during the cultures. The increase size of cultured CMs was significantly higher in CM/CF cocultures than in CM cultures which was also observed when CMs were cultured with fibroblast conditioned medium (FCM). In addition, fibroblast proliferation studies showed that CMs favored fibroblast adhesion and/or growth at the beginning of the coculture and fibroblast proliferation throughout the time course of the coculture. Furthermore, a significant level of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) production was detected by ELISA in CM/CF cocultures. A similar higher increase was observed when CMs were cultured in the presence of FCM. These results demonstrate that CFs enhance myocyte hypertrophy and that CMs regulate fibroblast adhesion and/or proliferation, suggesting a paracrine interaction between CMs and CFs which could involve IL‐6. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Membrane bioreactors vs conventional biological treatment of landfill leachate: a brief review
Authors: Alvarez‐Vazquez Héctor , Jefferson Bruce , Judd Simon J 
Published: September 2004

AbstractA review of quality and biological treatment of landfill leachate is presented. Conventional ex‐situ treatment normally demands multistage process treatment schemes, which may encompass both aerobic and anaerobic technologies alongside chemical precipitation and/or oxidation. This is to be contrasted with the more recent membrane bioreactor technology, which generally demands much reduced pre‐ and post‐treatment and has a much reduced footprint compared with conventional biotreatment. Results are summarised in terms of the key determinant of COD removal for waters characterised in terms of BOD/COD ratio and age. Process operation is characterised with respect to COD strength and loading rate, hydraulic retention time and number of individual unit operations. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Novel thin‐film reactor for photocatalytic degradation of pesticides in an aqueous solution
Authors: Shankar Muthukonda Venkatakrishnan , Anandan Srinivasan , Venkatachalam Nallusamy , Arabindoo Banumathi , Murugesan Velayutham 
Published: September 2004

AbstractA thin‐film reactor was fabricated with immobilised TiO2 and this reactor was used for photocatalytic mineralisation of common pesticides, 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (DPA) and monocrotophos (MCP), and their commercially formulated products in an aqueous solution. Zeolites HY and Hβ with different physico‐chemical properties were chosen as support material. The supported TiO2 was used for the degradation and mineralisation studies. TiO2/zeolite‐supported photocatalyst showed enhanced degradation efficiency compared with bare TiO2 for both DPA and MCP. Formulated pesticides were mineralised at shorter irradiation times than technical grade pesticides. The results clearly demonstrated that the good adsorption capacity of the support, and the effective light utilisation by TiO2, improved the photocatalytic activity of supported TiO2. Reusability studies have also shown the stability of supported photocatalysts. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Equilibrium data of the exchange of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ ions for H+ on the cationic exchanger Lewatit TP‐207
Authors: Valverde José L , de Lucas Antonio , Carmona Manuel , González Marcela , Rodríguez Juan F 
Published: September 2004

AbstractEquilibrium ion exchange isotherms in aqueous medium of H+/Cu2+, H+/Zn2+ and H+/Cd2+ on a weak acid resin Lewatit TP‐207, at different pH values and at 298 K have been determined in order to assess the possibility of using ion exchange to eliminate heavy metal ions from industrial aqueous liquid streams. The experimental equilibrium data have been satisfactorily correlated using a Langmuir‐type empirical equation. It was found that the operating resin capacity with respect to each metal ion increased with increase in solution pH, in accordance with a second‐degree polynomial equation. Taking into account the variation of operating capacity with pH, each system exhibited a unique separation factor, namely all the experimental points can be described by a unique isotherm in a dimensionless form. Resin Lewatit TP‐207 exhibited the following selectivity order: Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Cd2+ at 298 K. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Puerperal vulvovaginal hematoma: Sonographic findings with MRI correlation
Authors: Guerriero Stefano , Ajossa Silvia , Bargellini Roberta , Amucano Giovanni , Marongiu Donatella , Melis Gian Benedetto 
Published: September 2004

AbstractPuerperal hematomas are a major complication of delivery. Little information about the role of sonography in the management of puerperal hematomas is available in the English literature. We report a case of a vulvovaginal hematoma that developed subsequent to vaginal delivery and that was managed conservatively using sonography. Our report includes the sonographic follow‐up of the lesion with MRI correlation. The present case report suggests that sonography has a role in the detection and follow‐up of the condition, with MRI providing a more detailed mapping of the lesion and excluding any retroperitoneal involvement. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:415–418, 2004
Early abdominal sonographic findings in patients with dengue fever
Authors: Wu Keng‐Liang , Changchien Chi‐Sin , Kuo Chung‐Huang , Chiu King‐Wah , Lu Sheng‐Nan , Kuo Chung‐Mou , Chiu Yi‐Chun , Chou Yeh‐Pin , Chuah Seng‐Kee 
Published: September 2004

AbstractPurposeThis study was conducted to evaluate the early sonographic findings in dengue hemorrhagic fever.MethodsFrom July 2002 to September 2002, 86 patients were referred to our center with suspected dengue fever during an outbreak of the disease in Taiwan. All the patients underwent immediate abdominal sonography when they arrived at our emergency room. The diagnosis of dengue fever was subsequently confirmed by serology in 65 patients.ResultsAll our patients had type 2 dengue fever, as confirmed by serologic tests. The sonographic features included a thickened gallbladder wall in 38 patients (59%), ascites in 24 patients (37%), splenomegaly in 22 patients (34%), and pleural effusion in 21 patients (32%); pleural effusion was either right‐sided or bilateral.ConclusionsAbdominal sonography can be used as a first‐line imaging modality in patients with suspected dengue fever to detect early signs suggestive of the disease prior to obtaining serologic confirmation test results, especially in a dengue fever epidemic area. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:386–388, 2004
Synthesis of 5,5,6,6‐D4‐L‐lysine‐aflatoxin Bl for use as a mass spectrometric internal standard
Authors: Scholl Peter F. , Groopman John D. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractHuman exposure to the hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin aflatoxin Bl results in modification of serum albumin lysine ε‐amino residues to form lysine‐aflatoxin adducts. A perdeuterated reference standard is now required to quantitatively measure this adduct in epidemiologic studies of liver cancer using isotopic dilution mass spectrometry. A convenient method for the preparation of D4‐L‐lysine‐AFBl using commercially available 5,5,6,6‐D4‐l‐lysine is demonstrated for the first time. The application of two standard α‐amino protection methods is also reported that simplifies the production of natural isotopic abundance lysine‐AFBl over the currently used method employing Nα‐acetyl‐l‐lysine. t‐Boc‐Nα‐lysine was used to prepare lysine‐AFBl; however, a preferred method for directing reaction of AFBl‐dialdehyde to the ε‐amino group of 5,5,6,6‐D4‐l‐lysine utilized cupric ions that were spontaneously removed during the reverse phase HPLC purification of D4‐lysine‐AFBl using 1% HOAc. This strategy eliminates the need to otherwise synthesize and purify t‐Boc‐Nα‐ or Nα‐acetyl‐5,5,6,6‐D4‐lysine and then TFA or enzymatically deprotect overnight to obtain the target compound. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective dissociation of non‐covalent bonds in biological molecules by laser spray
Authors: Takamizawa Atsushi , Itoh Yoshiyuki , Osawa Ryo , Iwasaki Noriyuki , Nishimura Yoshifumi , Akashi Satoko , Hiraoka Kenzo 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe laser spray developed in our laboratory was applied to the analysis of bovine serum albumin (BSA), double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) and a protein–DNA complex. The tip of a stainless‐steel capillary was irradiated with a 10.6 µm infrared laser by increasing the laser power from 0 W (electrospray) to 1.4 W. The laser beam was focused to about 0.3 mm at the tip of the stainless‐steel capillary. When BSA aqueous solution was irradiated by the laser, highly charged monomer ions were newly observed in addition to the multiply charged ions of non‐denatured monomer, dimer and trimer moieties. This indicates that BSA suffers from denaturation on irradiation with an infrared laser in solution. A 1.4 W laser power is not sufficient to cause the complete denaturation of BSA under the present experimental conditions. Whereas dsDNA was found to dissociate almost completely to single‐stranded DNA constituents on laser irradiation with a power of 1.2 W, no fragmentation of DNA molecules was observed. For a protein–DNA complex, i.e. a complex of c‐Myb DNA binding domain and dsDNA, dissociation of the complex to the component moieties was observed. These findings indicate that the laser spray can selectively dissociate non‐covalent complexes into subunits without causing dissociation of the covalent bonds of the subunits. The laser spray will be a versatile method for the investigation of the structures and stabilities of biomolecules including non‐covalent complexes. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HIV‐1 DNA burden dynamics in CD4 T cells and monocytes in patients undergoing a transient therapy interruption
Authors: Garbuglia Anna Rosa , Calcaterra Silvia , D'Offizi Gianpiero , Topino Simone , Narciso Pasquale , Lillo Flavia , Girardi Enrico , Capobianchi Maria Rosaria 
Published: September 2004

AbstractReplication‐competent HIV, as well as HIV‐1 DNA, has been detected in CD4 T cells and in monocytes during antiretroviral therapy (ART), indicating that these cells could represent an important viral reservoir. We measured HIV‐1 DNA in monocytes and CD4 T cells in patients undergoing transient therapy interruption (TTI), to establish the dynamic of HIV‐1 DNA burden and to find possible correlations with immune restoration and re‐establishment of virological control after ART resumption. In most patients CD4 depletion and viral load rebound followed TTI. Rapid resumption of virological and immunological control was achieved after ART reintroduction. After TTI, in most cases a transient increase of both monocyte and CD4 HIV‐1 DNA burden was observed. After ART reintroduction, both CD4 T cell and monocyte HIV‐1 DNA copy number decreased, reaching baseline levels at the end of observation. At this time monocyte HIV‐1 DNA burden was always undetectable, while CD4 T cell HIV‐1 DNA burden was lower than at baseline. As CD4 T cell HIV‐1 DNA values are independently associated with CD4 depletion, the increase of HIV‐1 DNA burden in these cells after TTI is presumably due to acute infection, causing cell death. This is also supported by the pattern of 2‐LTR appearance in these cells after TTI. HIV‐1 DNA burden in monocytes and CD4 T cells show high correlation, suggesting reciprocal re‐feeding of two cell populations. Repopulation by HIV these cells after TTI is temporary, and no significant changes of HIV‐1 DNA burden were observed after ART resumption respect to pre‐TTI period. J. Med. Virol. 74:373–381, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Retrospective, longitudinal analysis of serum human herpesvirus‐8 viral DNA load in AIDS‐related kaposi's sarcoma patients before and after diagnosis
Authors: Polstra Abeltje M. , Cornelissen Marion , Goudsmit Jaap , van der Kuyl Antoinette C. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractHuman herpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8) is detected more often in patients progressing towards Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) than in patients who do not develop the disease, suggesting that the level of viremia might be associated with Kaposi's sarcoma disease and progression. Longitudinal serum samples from 19 AIDS‐Kaposi's sarcoma patients, ranging from 2 years before KS till 2 years after KS diagnosis were tested. No correlation was found between viral load and progression to KS, or disease stage. J. Med. Virol. 74:390–396, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epstein–Barr virus‐encoded dUTPase modulates immune function and induces sickness behavior in mice
Authors: Padgett David A. , Hotchkiss Andrew K. , Pyter Leah M. , Nelson Randy J. , Yang Eric , Yeh Peir‐En , Litsky Monica , Williams Marshall , Glaser Ronald 
Published: September 2004

AbstractEpstein–Barr virus (EBV) is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis (IM). In addition, latent infections with EBV are associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and Burkitt's Lymphoma (BL). Antibodies to several EBV‐encoded early antigens (EA) are often observed in patients with NPC and BL, however, the role of EBV‐encoded proteins in the etiology of these and other EBV‐associated diseases is not completely understood. The EA complex encodes for at least six different viral enzymes including deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase). dUTPase has recently been shown to modulate activation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro (unpublished data). Therefore, these studies were designed to test whether dUTPase would modulate immune function in an in vivo model. Mice were injected with purified EBV dUTPase, and baseline immune function and sickness behaviors were measured. EBV dUTPase treatment inhibited replication of mitogen‐stimulated lymphocytes obtained from treated mice. These lymphocytes were also less able to synthesize interferon‐γ after re‐stimulation. In addition, treatment with dUTPase induced sickness behaviors. For example, as compared to control animals, dUTPase‐treated animals lost body mass, had elevated body temperature, and displayed diminished locomotor activity. These data suggest that individual viral proteins may play a role in the pathophysiology of EBV associated disease. J. Med. Virol. 74:442–448, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modulation of apoptosis during HTLV‐1‐mediated immortalization process in vitro
Authors: Matteucci Claudia , Balestrieri Emanuela , Macchi Beatrice , Mastino Antonio 
Published: September 2004

AbstractSuppression of apoptosis has been proposed as a mechanism involved in the transforming action of human T‐cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type‐1 (HTLV‐1). However, there is evidence that HTLV‐1 and its protein Tax also induce apoptosis. To resolve this apparent paradox, apoptosis was monitored in primary cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from healthy donors, following HTLV‐1 infection in vitro. High levels of apoptosis in HTLV‐1 infected cultures during the first weeks after infection were detected. Apoptosis was not related to the presence of uninfected cells, as revealed by a fluorescence in situ hybridization assay. Successively, a progressive decrease in apoptosis in infected cultures going towards immortalization, was observed. When IL‐2 in the medium was replaced by IL‐4, allowing the cells to be efficiently infected by HTLV‐1 but not immortalized, apoptosis levels tended to increase, instead of decreasing, with the ongoing time. The caspase cascade was remarkably activated in PBLs recently infected in vitro by HTLV‐1, but apoptosis was only partly reduced by caspase inhibitors. Even if spontaneous apoptosis was relatively low in long‐term cultures of PBLs immortalized by HTLV‐1 in vitro, Fas death‐receptor expression and function were well conserved. These observations provide a new rationale for explaining the dual effect of HTLV‐1 in controlling apoptosis. J. Med. Virol. 74:473–483, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
UV‐induced apoptosis in SH‐SY5Y cells: Contribution to apoptosis by JNK signaling and cytochrome c
Authors: Berglund C. Mikaela D. , Radesäter Ann‐Cathrin , Persson Mats A.A. , Budd Haeberlein Samantha L. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractActivation of the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is suggested to be required for neuronal apoptosis. We investigated the role of JNK on phosphorylation of c‐Jun, Bcl‐2, and apoptotic translocation of cytochrome c (cyt c) in UV‐induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells. We confirm that UV irradiation induces both apoptosis and necrosis in SH‐SY5Y cells and that phosphorylation of JNK at Thr183/Tyr185 in SH‐SY5Y cells treated with UV is an early event preceding apoptosis. We also demonstrate that phosphorylation of c‐Jun at Ser63 is an early event coinciding with JNK activation, and that the phosphorylation of c‐Jun is partially prevented by the JNK inhibitor SP600125. Despite the use of SP600125, the amount of cyt c released into the cytoplasm is not diminished and SP600125 is also unable to decrease the extent of UV‐induced apoptosis. These data support the hypothesis that in this system, UV‐induced apoptosis is not dependent exclusively on JNK activation. Possible involvement of cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDKs) in c‐Jun phosphorylation at Ser63 was excluded by pretreating UV‐irradiated SH‐SY5Y cells with the CDK1/2/5 inhibitor roscovitine. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alterations in spinal cord gene expression after hindpaw formalin injection
Authors: Li Xiangqi , Lighthall Geoff , Liang De‐Yong , Clark J. David 
Published: September 2004

AbstractHeme oxygenase type 2 (HO‐2) is an enzyme that uses heme as a substrate to produce iron, biliverdin, and carbon monoxide (CO). This enzyme participates in regulation of nociceptive signal transmission in spinal cord tissue. We set out to identify genes undergoing alterations in expression in a model of inflammatory pain and to determine whether HO‐2 participates in that regulation. After the hindpaw injection of formalin in mice, we measured changes in expression of immediate early genes including c‐fos, c‐jun, jun B, nerve growth factor induced genes (NGFI‐A and NGFI‐B) and activity‐related cytoskeletal protein (ARC) using real‐time PCR. The mRNA corresponding to these genes increased in abundance in the first hour after formalin injection and then slowly declined. Changes in the abundance of prodynorphin, extracellular signal related kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) and N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor R1 subunit mRNA generally peaked between 8 and 12 hr after formalin injection. In HO‐2 null mutant mice, the enhancement of expression was less for all genes studied. We went on to quantify gene expression in superficial dorsal horn tissue using laser capture microdissection followed by RNA amplification and real‐time PCR. The results confirmed that the changes in gene expression were occurring in regions of the spinal cord involved in nociceptive processing. We conclude that the hindpaw injection of formalin leads to enhanced early and late expression of many genes in spinal cord dorsal horn tissue, and that this enhancement of expression relies to a degree on the presence of HO‐2. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.