bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appendix: Agamemnons on the APGRD Database
Authors: Wrigley Amanda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter comprises a reference list of over 750 works of performance which draw on Aeschylus and Seneca’ s Agamemnons. The list includes theatrical, operatic, and danced works, as well as those delivered through the medium of Wlm, television, and radio. Since the overwhelming majority claim an Aeschylean rather than a Senecan influence, it should be assumed that they draw on Aeschylus unless it is stated otherwise. The Oresteia trilogy— comprising Aeschylus’ Agamemnon, Libation Bearers, and Eumenides—is included in the list under the title of the trilogy, unless there is good reason
Introduction
Authors: Gill Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This volume of new essays discusses issues in ancient and modern philosophy about the nature and grounding of ethical norms and concepts, including virtue, and, in particular, the idea that ethics is objectively grounded. To appreciate the contribution of this collection, it is helpful to locate it, in the first instance, against the larger background of recent debate about the relationship between ancient and modern ethical theory; this debate also bears on the merits and demerits of different types of ethical approach and on the nature and basis of the norms and concepts on which these approaches centre.
What Difference do Forms make for Platonic Epistemology?
Authors: Rowe Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It will presumably be uncontroversial to claim that the so-called Platonic ‘Theory of Forms’ (whatever we understand that name, ‘Theory of Forms’, to refer to) represents the first attempt in Western philosophy to work out a theory of ethical objectivity. Under the heading of ‘Platonism’, or ‘Platonic essentialism’, it still represents something of a benchmark for objectivist and realist theories; so, for instance, for the deconstructionists, if there are any of that tribe still remaining. In this chapter I shall be asking whether and how this ‘benchmark’ theory of Plato’s can in the end properly be called ‘objectivist’.
Aristotelian Virtue and Practical Judgement
Authors: Price A W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
J. L. Mackie drew a notion of ‘simple truth’ from Aristotle: ‘To say of what is that it is, or of what is not that it is not, is true’ (Metaphysics 3.7, 1011b27). In his paraphrase, ‘To say that a statement is true is to say that things are as, in it, they are stated to be.’2 This truism already conveys an abstract notion of objectivity: when a statement is true, there is away things are that is identical to how it states them to be. How things are is not always independent of how they are stated to be: saying something of the form ‘I promise to do X’, or even ‘I state that p’, may, in context, make things be as it states them to be. Yet there should be, or become, a way things are that may or may not be as stated. Moreover, as Michael Dummett has emphasized,3 it is the primary criterion of success for a statement that it be true; in making an assertion one conveys, whether sincerely or not, an intention to be telling the truth. The direction of fit is of what one says to how things are (or become).
Robert Frost and Northern Irish Poetry
Authors: Buxton Rachel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this incisive and highly readable study, Rachel Buxton offers a much-needed assessment of Frost's significance for Northern Irish poetry of the past half-century. Drawing upon a diverse range of previously unpublished archival sources, including juvenilia, correspondence, and drafts of poems, Robert Frost and Northern Irish Poetry takes as its particular focus the triangular dynamic of Frost, Seamus Heaney, and Paul Muldoon. Buxton explores the differing strengths which each Irish poet finds in Frost's work: while Heaney is drawn primarily to the Frost persona and to the "sound of sense", it is the studied slyness and wryness of the American's poetry, the complicating undertow, which Muldoon values. This appraisal of Frost in a non-American context not only enables a fuller appreciation of Heaney's and Muldoon's poetry but also provides valuable insight into the nature of trans-national and trans-generational poetic influence. Engaging with the politics of Irish-American literary connections, while providing a subtle analysis of the intertextual relationships between these three key twentieth-century poets, Robert Frost and Northern Irish Poetry is a pioneering work.
Mediterraneans
Authors: Abulafia David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We talk of the Mediterranean and of the Mediterranean Sea, and we often assume we mean much the same thing. But here lies the root of a significant confusion. ‘Mediterranean’ means that which is between the surrounding lands. Yet histories and geographies of ‘the Mediterranean’ may concern themselves mainly with the lands that surround the Mediterranean Sea and the peoples who have inhabited them, to the extent of paying rather little attention to the bonds that have linked the opposing shores of the Mediterranean world: studies of Mediterranean Europe, for example, that are more concerned with the inner history of Provence or Catalonia than with the impact of the Great Sea upon the societies that developed in such regions. Many associations of ‘Mediterranean historians’ are really concerned with research on the lands that border the Mediterranean, and the Society of Mediterranean Studies based in the United States goes even further afield, taking in all those societies that trace their cultural origins back to the ancient and medieval Mediterranean, including not merely Portugal (which for various reasons has often been counted as an honorary Mediterranean land) but Brazil and Spanish South America.
Histories
Authors: Burnett Mark Thornton , Wray Ramona 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
History occupies a central site in current reconceptualisations of the Renaissance. The move to situate an early modern text historically gradually gained momentum over the course of the 1980s, and was encouraged by the influential activity of critics working within the broad and fluid groupings of New Historicism and Cultural Materialism. Although revealing different political investments, these influential movements had in common an insistence upon the return of the literary work to the social, economic and cultural environment from whence it came. Such was the dominant effect of their shared venture that, although the terms for these schools of thinking have been superseded, a historicizing imperative is now regarded as an essential element in interpretive validity.
Conservative Endings
Authors: Lyne Raphael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Shakespeare’s late plays feature drastic action and turbulent personal journeys. To some extent it is paradoxical that the world that emerges from the action is very similar to, or follows naturally from, the one that preceded it. This is particularly true of the plays’ social structures: the twists and turns of fortune are not reflected in new configurations of power or a greater mobility between groups. Rather, once-truncated royal bloodlines are restored and consolidated by advantageous marriages, and power is passed on. In addition, the good characters in whom moral hopes reside turn out to be related to the ruling families of the plays. There is little of the discovered virtue that one can see in comedy, or of the discovered sin one finds in tragedy: eventually the powerful find validation, albeit in traumatic ways. As Northrop Frye said of romance in general, there may be a ‘pervasive social snobbery’.
Literary silence in rousseau’s Rêveries
Authors: Loevlie Elisabeth Marie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The desolation and fear that accompany the silence éternel in the Pensées reappears in a different guise in the confessional project of Rousseau. It is no longer the silence of a mute God, but of the mute and silent others. Remaining silent, the people surrounding Rousseau do not recognize and affirm the interiority of his self. This is the terrifying silence that leaves one abandoned, uncertain, and ultimately dead in the eyes of the world. It follows that one of the most famous and certainly most painful silences in the work of Rousseau is that which follows his public reading of the Confessions: ‘
Ordering Creation, or Maybe Not
Authors: Ritvo Harriet 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By the middle of the nineteenth century systematics no longer constituted the cutting edge of natural history. As William Jardine, the editor of the Naturalist’s Library, an influential series of zoology guides, put it, ‘the age of superstitious reverence for categories ... has long passed away’.’ Black-boxed and metonymized in the person of Linnaeus, classification had, in fact, come to occupy a somewhat unenviable position in the view of the two major audiences for zoology and botany. What in 1845 a Westminster reviewer of popular natural history books called its ‘hard names and crabbed systems’ lent an air of formidably arcane authority that discouraged, or even dismayed, amateur admirers of ‘the living tenants of the fields, the woods, the waters ... the birds that fill the air with their gladsome songs, and the . . . [flowers] which enamel the earth with their exquisite tints, and impart their fragrance to the pure breezes ofheaven’.
A Freudian Curiosity
Authors: Bowlby Rachel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the course of an essay on islands, Gillian Beer dwells with relish on Robinson Crusoe’s simple, repeated declaration: ‘I was curious.’ Defoe’s words suggest a whole distinctive attitude to individuality and knowledge, with curiosity poised between the purposeful and the pleasurable of possible discovery. We can see the beginning, here, of how later, in the nineteenth century, curiosity could figure as a distinctly modern disposition of openness to the world.3 We are born curious; happy the man, be he poet or fianeur, who knows how to retain or how to return to the bright curiosity now confidently attributed to the child.
On Not Knowing Why: Memorializing the Light Brigade
Authors: Tate Trudi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Near the beginning of To the Lighthouse (1927), Mrs Ramsay is sitting by the window with her little boy James. Her husband is outside, walking up and down the terrace, reciting poetry to himself. Mrs Ramsay listens to the rhythmical sound, ‘half said, half chanted ... something between a croak and a song’. Occasionally a line bursts out: ‘Stormed at with shot and shell’; ‘Someone had blundered’. She finds the sound calming, soothing, assuring her that all is well. Lily Briscoe, quietly working on her painting, is alarmed to feel Mr Ramsay bear down upon her, ‘arms waving, shouting out, “Boldly we rode and well”, but mercifully, he turned sharp, and rode off to die gloriously she supposed upon the heights of Balaclava’ (25).
Heterodoxy in Natural Philosophy and Medicine: Pietro Pomponazzi, Guglielmo Gratarolo, Girolamo Cardano
Authors: Maclean Ian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There were, of course, mute inglorious heterodox thinkers in the early modern period whose speculations were lost on the desert air: Carlo Ginzburg has given a fascinating account of one such village philosopher in The Cheese and the WormsBut this study is about those who achieved notoriety or fame through the various means of disseminating knowledge available to early modern writers. The most celebrated of these means was the printing press: reformers such as Luther and Calvin and thinkers such as Girolamo Cardano showed themselves to be very conscious of the power of this medium.2 Manuscript circulation of lectures and monographs, and the com munication of ideas through epistolary exchanges and personal encounters were also effective, as the case of Pomponazzi will show; one of the reasons why early modern scholars and librarians expended so much effort in the pursuit of the unpublished Nachlass of innovative writers (such as Paracelsus, Cardano, Harriot, and Descartes) was because it was suspected that it contained their most radical and explicit speculations.
Galileo Galilei and the Myth of Heterodoxy
Authors: Carroll William E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On the occasion of the publication in March 1987 of the Catholic Church’s condemnation of in vitro fertilization, surrogate mother hood, and fetal experimentation, there appeared a cartoon in the Roman newspaper, La Repubblica, in which two bishops are standing next to a telescope. In the distant night sky, in addition to Saturn and the Moon, there are dozens of test-tubes. One bishop turns to the other, who is in front of the telescope, and asks: ‘This time what should we do? Should we look or not? ‘ The historical reference to Galileo was clear. In fact, at a press conference at the Vatican, Cardinal Ratzinger was asked whether he thought the Church’s response to the new biology would not result in another ‘Galileo affair ‘. The Cardinal smiled, perhaps realizing the persistent power, at least in the popular imagination, of the story of Galileo’s encounter with the Inquisition more than three hundred and fifty years before. The Vatican office which Cardinal Ratzinger headed, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, is the direct successor to the Holy Roman and Universal Inquisition. Or consider the recent remarks of the American philosopher Paul Kurtz who, in referring to ‘the intrusion of religion into science with a ban on cloning ‘, derided attempts to ‘censor scientific research in the name of religious morality ‘, by exclaiming: ‘Hark, hark back to the days of Galileo ‘.
Preface
Authors: Scase Wendy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book is an account of complaint and the shaping of literature in England. When I speak of ‘complaint’, I refer, first and foremost, to the expression of a grievance as a means of obtaining a judicial remedy. The thesis of the book is that the judicial institutions of written complaint which emerged dramatically in the reign of Edward I came into dialogue with literary production, becoming part of, and centrally informing, a wider literature of complaint.
Virtue Ethics as Professional Ethics: The Case of Psychiatry
Authors: Radden Jennifer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the following discussion I explore the applicability of a virtue ethics framework to professional ethics using the case of psychiatry. This inquiry is motivated in several ways. Possession of a virtuous character, over and above an exhibition of exemplary deeds, has long been seen as requisite for ethical medical practice, and medicine most generally understood has been judged a place where the virtues have special relevance (Drane 1988; Dyer 1988, 1999; Churchill 1989; May 1994; Pellegrino and Thomasma 1993).
Famine, Affluence, and Virtue
Authors: Slote Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One of the greatest challenges to ordinary moral thinking and to recent moral theory has been the views and arguments advanced by Peter Singer in his classic paper, ‘Famine, Affluence, and Morality’ (1972). Philosophers have struggled with and in many cases attempted to refute Singer’s conclusion that our moral obligation to relieve hunger or disease in distant parts of the world is just as great as, say, our obligation to save a child drowning in a shallow pool of water right in front of us. But although this debate continues to be very lively, virtue ethics has not joined in the fray.
Introduction: The Two Books
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In November 1972 in San Francisco I was startled to read in its daily paper the headline ‘God versus Evolution Decision-Move over Darwin’! The report began: The State Curriculum Commission gave up its three-year fight yesterday to keep Eden from getting equal billing with Darwin in the State’s science textbooks ... The new criteria adopted by the commission, which recommends material in textbooks, would allow use of both divine creation and evolution as opposing theories in the new science textbooks scheduled to be chosen at the Board of Education’s December meeting.
Man’S Emergence In The Universe
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One of the outstanding features of the processes of development in the cosmos is, then, that in time new forms of organization of matter emerge with new qualities and behaviour, and man is one such emergent entity. Even allowing for our natural anthropocentrism, there are purely biological criteria where by man may be seen to constitute a point of development in which many tendencies have reached a pre-eminently high level.
The Search For Intelligibility And Meaning In Science And In The Judeo-Christian Tradition
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the previous lecture, I spoke of two kinds of search in which men are engaged in relation to the world in which they live. One, primarily intellectual, is the search for intelligibility, for explanation, and, though not without existential urgency, arises from the asking of questions such as ‘Why is there anything at all?’, ‘Why does the world exist?’, ‘Is there a reason for the existence of the world?’, and, somewhat differently, ‘Why are things the way they are?’ Such questions, even if logically unanswerable, add impetus to the other search-that for personal meaning in human existence, in general, and our own in particular.
The Doctrine Of Creation In The Light Of The Scientific World-View
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Certain clarifications are required from the outset. In saying that God is, and that God is Creator, we do not affirm that he/ she (rather than it, for personal pronouns are now clearly less misleading than impersonal ones) is any ordinary ‘cause’ in the physical nexus of the universe itself-otherwise God would be neither explanation nor possible meaning. He47 cannot be the old ‘God of the gaps’-but we shall have to explore, in the light of the scientific account of the world, what images are best now employed to unfold the relation of the all-embracing reality of God to that world to which he stands as Creator.
Chance
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the preceding lecture I referred frequently to the element of ‘necessity’ in the universe-the givenness, from our point of view, of certain of its basic features: the fundamental constants, the nature of the fundamental particles (and so of atoms, and so of molecules and so of complex organizations of molecules), the physical laws of the interrelation of matter, energy, space, and time.
The Life-Game
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Until the recent past, chance and law have often been regarded as alternatives for interpreting the natural world. But I hope enough has now been said to show that, at many levels (from those of fundamental particles up to living organisms, and indeed in the processes of coalescence that occur in cloud and in galaxy formation), the interplay between these principles is more subtle and complex than the simple dichotomies of the past would allow.
Modifications Of The Model Of God As Agent
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
However, there are other inadequacies in the model which are basically theological and will lead us into both modifying it and suggesting other complementary models-as, we earlier hinted, 1s likely to be the case with any useful theological model. We note, firstly, that many individual events in our bodies, and many regular patterns of events, occur without any conscious control by the self-all the regular processes that maintain us alive-digestion, control of breathing, body temperature, balance, and many others, including all reflex actions (roughly, functions controlled by the central nervous system).
Theological Appraisals Of Man
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Man’s nature, predicament and hope have always been, it need hardly be said, central in the articulation of the Judeo Christian experience of God’s action towards him. Out of the rich kaleidoscope of this experience and its intellectual formulation, I can pick only a few pieces here and there which refract light of such colour and direction that they may illuminate those facets of the nature and needs of evolved man upon which we have already focused.
Our Understanding Of Goo’S Relation To The World In The Light Of The Knowledge Afforded By The Natural Sciences
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Before we proceed, it is important to be clear about the picture of the world and God’s relation to it that we are rejecting because it is inconsistent with both our scientific perspective on the world and with theological insights. This is the picture of the world as a closed mechanism, operating according to laws and within boundary conditions both prescribed ‘at the beginning’ and identified with a temporal act of creation by God.
The World Ecosystem
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The energy source for all living organisms, including man, is the Sun whose energy is absorbed through green plants, on which all animals depend ultimately for food and which them selves depend on the activities of bacteria decomposing dead organisms and making nitrogen available. So all life is inter dependent-indeed many creatures can only live in concert with, and often literally on, particular other organisms (symbiosis).
Theology And Ecological Values
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The claim that the understanding of nature as creation is relevant to the generation of ecological values needs a more general justification before any closer study of the relation of the doctrine of creation to our ecological situation is merited. Do religious beliefs, as articulated intellectually in theological models, matter? Does any distinctive attitude to nature logically follow from theological statements? Before following up such questions, it is worth while to take note that there have in recent years been significant statements, from a distinctively scientific viewpoint, of the role of religion in the cultural history of mankind.
Introduction
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is a natural human curiosity and enchantment about the future-for it is undoubtedly true that that is where we all plan to spend the rest of our lives! Yet do not most of us feel, now, that even the future isn’t what it used to be? The hopeful 196os-the decade of Kennedy, of Vatican II, of ‘socialism with a human face’ in Czechoslovakia, of the first space-flights to the moon, of expanding educational systems, of a new-found and hopeful environmental awareness, of economic expansion (we could all give our own list)-have given way to the tired cynicism of the 1970s as the hopes placed in these features of our life then have become increasingly manifest as misplaced.
Creation And Hope In Contemporary Theology
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘All of our deeds and actions finally come to nought in this temporal scene’, says Ford-from what science can tell us, not only our deeds and actions, as well as those of our predecessors, but also of those who, down the corridors of time, will succeed us-until the Earth is burnt up into the Sun, and the Sun and its galaxy go to their ‘long home’, of ‘slow refrigeration through everlasting expansion or dramatic cremation and complete obliteration of the physical world.
Hope In Creation
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Of these three theological perspectives on the future and of God’s relation to it the Teilhardian and process theologians explicitly take into account a scientific world-view, the ‘theo-logians of hope’ being primarily biblically orientated. If one allows for their different ways of expounding that ‘future’ which is God’s concern (or even God himself, it almost seems in some of these expositions), then these three theologies of the future prove to be more convergent than at first appears to be the case.