bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indication-Based Pricing for Multi-Indication Drugs
Authors: Adida Elodie 
Published: December 2023

Many pharmaceutical drugs have multiple indications, for which they offer a varying degree of benefit for patients. Yet, in the current U.S. pricing system, the price of the drug is the same regardless of the indication for which it is prescribed. This uniform pricing policy can deter the payer from providing coverage for low-value indications, if the price is high relative to the potential benefit for patients, which can reduce patients’ access to the drug. It can also deter the drug manufacturer from investing in obtaining U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for new indications, as the lack of flexibility in pricing can result in too low demand (and thus profits) to recoup fixed investment costs. Indication-based pricing has been proposed as a new pricing mechanism for multi-indication drugs allowing the price to differ according to the indication, to better align the price of the drug to its value. In this paper, we analyze the effect of indication-based pricing in comparison with uniform pricing on the drug manufacturer’s profit and investment incentives, the patient demand and utility, the payer’s coverage incentives, and the payer’s objective. Under uniform pricing, we consider both the cases when the price can versus cannot be adjusted upon introduction of a new indication. We find that the drug manufacturer earns higher profits under indication-based pricing than under uniform pricing. Moreover, indication-based pricing improves incentives for the manufacturer to invest in a new indication and for the payer to cover the drug. If the fixed investment cost is high, indication-based pricing also benefits patients and the payer’s objective. Otherwise, the patient demand, patient utility and payer’s objective may be lower under indication-based pricing. Hence, payers who value the patient utility should carefully consider the tradeoffs involved in implementing this pricing system and where the bottlenecks are under uniform pricing. This paper was accepted by Carri Chan, healthcare management. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01721 .
How does subjective social status at school at the age of 15 affect the risk of depressive symptoms at the ages of 18, 21, and 28? A longitudinal study
Authors: Lange Marie Kjærgaard , Just-Nørregaard Vivi , Winding Trine Nøhr 
Published: December 2023

Background
Young people’s mental health is declining. Depression is a public disease which is increasing internationally, and in Denmark an increase is seen especially among young people. Objective social status is known to be associated with mental health and depression, but little is known about the association between adolescent subjective social status at school and depressive symptoms during young adulthood. The aim was to investigate the association between 15-year-old’s subjective social status at school and the development of depressive symptoms at age 18, 21 and 28.

Methods
The study is a longitudinal study using questionnaire data from The West Jutland Cohort Study Denmark. The study population consisted of adolescents who at baseline, at age 15 (2004), had answered questions about their subjective social status in school using the MacArthur scale-youth version. Answers were categorised into low, medium, and high subjective social status. Outcome data about depressive symptoms was collected at age 18 (2007), age 21 (2010) and age 28 (2017) using the CES-DC and CES-D scales, dichotomised into few or many depressive symptoms. The associations between subjective social status at school at age 15 and depressive symptoms at ages 18, 21 and 28 were analysed using multiple logistic regression.

Results
Statistically significant associations were found between low subjective social status at school at age 15 and the odds of many depressive symptoms at all three age points in young adulthood. When adjusting for co-variates the odds ratio for many depressive symptoms at age 18 was OR 3.34 [1.84;6.08], at age 21 OR 3.31 [1.75;6.26] and at age 28 OR 2.12 [1.13;3.97].

Conclusions
The subjective social status of 15-year-olds is associated with depressive symptoms at ages 18, 21 and 28, respectively. It seems that subjective social status at age 15 is of greatest importance for the occurrence of depressive symptoms in the short run, and that the impact attenuates over time.
Long- versus short-duration systemic corticosteroid regimens for acute exacerbations of COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials and cohort studies
Authors: Zhao Zhen , Lou Owen , Wang Yiyang , Yin Raymond , Gong Carrie , Deng Florence , Wu Ethan C. , Xie Jing Yi , Wu Jerry , Ma Avery , Guo Yongzhi , Xiong Wei Ting 
Published: December 2023

While systemic corticosteroids quicken patient recovery during acute exacerbations of COPD, they also have many adverse effects. The optimal duration of corticosteroid administration remains uncertain. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare patient outcomes between short- (≤7 days) and long- (>7 days) corticosteroid regimens in adults with acute exacerbations of COPD. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and hand searches were used to identify eligible studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool and ROBINS-I. Data were summarized as ORs (odds ratios) or MDs (mean differences) whenever possible and qualitatively described otherwise. A total of 11532 participants from eight RCTs and three retrospective cohort studies were included, with 1296 from seven RCTs and two cohort studies eligible for meta-analyses. Heterogeneity was present in the methodology and settings of the studies. The OR (using short duration as the treatment arm) for mortality was 0.76 (95% CI = 0.40–1.44, n = 1055). The MD for hospital length-of-stay was -0.91 days (95% CI = -1.81–-0.02 days, n = 421). The OR for re-exacerbations was 1.31 (95% CI = 0.90–1.90, n = 552). The OR for hyperglycemia was 0.90 (95% CI = 0.60–1.33, n = 423). The OR for infection incidence was 0.96 (95% CI = 0.59–1.156, n = 389). The MD for one-second forced expiratory volume change was -18.40 mL (95% CI = -111.80–75.01 mL, n = 161). The RCTs generally had low or unclear risks of bias, while the cohort studies had serious or moderate risks of bias. Our meta-analyses were affected by imprecision due to insufficient data. Some heterogeneity was present in the results, suggesting population, setting, and treatment details are potential prognostic factors. Our evidence suggests that short-duration treatments are not worse than long-duration treatments in moderate/severe exacerbations and may lead to considerably better outcomes in milder exacerbations. This supports the current GOLD guidelines.Trial registration:Our protocol is registered in PROSPERO:CRD42023374410.
Kepuasan Pengguna Sistem Informasi Rekam Medis Elektronik RSUD Tugurejo
Authors: Astuti Nina Dwi , Fahyudi Asharul 
Published: December 2023

Evaluation of user satisfaction of Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system users can be considered by hospitals in developing EMR systems. Tugurejo Hospital has implemented EMR both outpatient and inpatient. Quantitative research is conducted to determine user satisfaction. The respondents were 67 users of EMR from doctors and nurses. EMR user satisfaction according to Delone and McLean's IT/IS Success Model theory was analyzed using SMART-PLS to determine how strong the influence of system quality, information quality and service quality on EMR user satisfaction. The results showed that user satisfaction was influenced by system quality (T-stat = 2.96), information quality (T-stat = 1.66), service quality (T-stat = 1.84). There is a mutual influence between system quality, information quality and service quality on user satisfaction with strong categories (R-square = 0.748).
Angas-Sura etymologies XIII
Authors: Takács Gábor 
Published: December 2023

The paper as part of a long-running series is devoted to the etymological analysis of a new segment (namely that with initial dental *d-) of the Angas-Sura root stock, a small group of modern languages remotely and ultimately akin to pharaonic Egyptian and the well-known Semitic languages or Twareg in the Sahara etc. Doing so, I wish to continue the noble tradition initiated by J.H. Greenberg (1958), the founding father of modern Afro-Asiatic comparative linguistics (along with I.M. Diakonoff), who was the first scholar ever to have established by Neo-Grammarian the methods regular consonantal correspondences between Angas-Sura (AS) and ancient Egyptian in his pioneering (painfully isolated) paper on the ancient trichotomy of the word-initial labials in both branches. Nowadays our chances in following this path are substantially more favourable being equipped with our gigantic comparative root catalogue system of the Egyptian etymologies ever published (ongoing since 1994) and of the Afro-Asiatic parental lexical stock (ongoing since 1999). This series of papers represents the author’s ongoing project for an etymological dictionary of the Angas-Sura languages comprising their entire Afro-Asiatic cognacy.
BCLM: a novel chaotic map for designing cryptography-based security mechanism for IEEE C37.118.2 PMU communication in smart grid
Authors: Soni Rajkumar , Thukral Manish Kumar , Kanwar Neeraj 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Today, creating a smart grid that is resistant to cyberattacks is a subject of utmost significance. One of the components of the smart grid that is most susceptible to a cyber-attack is the phasor measuring unit (PMU). The reason is that PMU employs IEEE C37.118.2 communication standards, which specify the structure and sequencing of data packets but offer no security measures. Users must implement the security techniques to ensure the protection of PMU data. Additionally, PMU communicates via a public wide-area network, raising the risk to security. In addition, PMU is a crucial component of the smart grid, enabling different crucial choices for the reliable functioning of the smart grid to be made using its data. This research suggests a chaos-based data encryption solution to close the knowledge gap and reduce the confidentiality assault on PMU data. For this, a brand-new boost converter logarithmic map (BCLM), a one-dimensional (1D) chaotic map, has been presented. The research demonstrates how the suggested chaotic map has better chaotic qualities than conventional chaotic maps. The pseudorandom generator is the chaotic BCLM system. The PMU data are encrypted using the random sequence produced by the BCLM chaotic system. The suggested chaotic map is not computationally demanding, making it simple to implement in a PMU device with limited resources.
Quantitative review and machine learning application of refractance window drying of tuber slices
Authors: Akinola Akinjide Abayomi , George Oluwafemi Ayodele , Ogbemhe John , Ipinnimo Oluwafemi , Oribayo Oluwasola 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Refractance window drying (RWD) is a preferred drying technique due to its suitability for heat-sensitive products. Although this drying technique appears promising, it is yet largely unexplored. In this study, the authors provide a review of the existing milestones on RWD using a sample of 40 articles from 2000 to date to quantify the state of investigations across multiple studies and establish specific areas needing further attention. Results show that experimental analyses constitute about 53–59 % of the reported cases, followed by a literature review 24–28 %. Furthermore, 17 % of the total study cases was observed across all modelling categories, with machine learning (ML) techniques constituting only about 8 %. Driven by the outcome, this study thus utilized three ML techniques to model the moisture ratio (MR) of 1.5–4.5 mm thick yam slices, operated over the range of 65–95 °C temperature in an RWD chamber. Unlike the routine procedures, the yam thickness versus air temperature effects on moisture ratio were investigated to determine the more significant factor as well as the air velocity effect or its lack thereof on MR. To investigate the validity window for the entire dataset, all data points were considered, with a training-testing ratio of 7:3 used in each case. For scenario one, prediction based on the yam thickness effect showed a greater influence on the MR. The air velocities at 0.5–1.5 m/s had little effect on MR as compared to the case where air velocity was ignored (i.e., the control case in this study). Also, model accuracy for all tested samples has been determined to be better than 93 %. Insight from this study is to guide in the future design of RW dryers for direct measurement of the moisture ratio of harvested root tubers at various conditions.
The Site Groß Fredenwalde, NE-Germany, and the Early Cemeteries of Northern Europe
Authors: Kotula Andreas , Terberger Thomas , Jungklaus Bettina , Piezonka Henny , Schenk Thomas , Schopper Franz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Mesolithic burial site Groß Fredenwalde, NE-Germany, discovered in 1962, had remained a poorly understood part of the Mesolithic burial record for decades. Since 2012, the site has been under re-investigation. New discoveries confirm the presence of several single and multiple inhumation graves. Groß Fredenwalde stands out as the largest and one of the oldest Mesolithic cemeteries in North-central Europe. Its use period can be separated into two phases: a main phase in the late seventh millennium cal BC to the early sixth millennium cal BC and a later single burial c. 4900 cal BC. Here the state of research on the site is presented and selected characteristics are discussed in the context of early cemeteries of Northern and North-eastern Europe.
Escape from X-chromosome inactivation and sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Song Qing-Hua , Zhao Ke-Xuan , Huang Shuai , Chen Tong , He Ling 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sex differences exist in the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Globally, women have a higher prevalence, while men with Alzheimer’s disease experience earlier mortality and more pronounced cognitive decline than women. The cause of sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease remains unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests the potential role of X-linked genetic factors in the sex difference of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). During embryogenesis, a remarkable process known as X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) occurs in females, leading to one of the X chromosomes undergoing transcriptional inactivation, which balances the effects of two X chromosomes in females. Nevertheless, certain genes exceptionally escape from XCI, which provides a basis for dual expression dosage of specific genes in females. Based on recent research findings, we explore key escape genes and their potential therapeutic use associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Also, we discuss their possible role in driving the sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease. This will provide new perspectives for precision medicine and gender-specific treatment of AD.
Respons pertumbuhan bibit kopi arabika dan sifat kimia media tanam terhadap pemberian pupuk hayati dan pupuk organik
Authors: Sobari Iing , Sasmita Kurnia Dewi , Rokhmah Dewi Nur , Sakiroh Sakiroh , Supriadi Handi 
Published: December 2023

Using soil planting media with low fertility can inhibit seedling growth. Bbiofertilizer and organic fertilizer applications in plantation nurseries aim to improve the planting media quality and stimulate seedling growth. The effectiveness of biofertilizers is thought to be influenced by the carrier formula and the planting medium characteristics. This study aimed to determine the effect of biofertilizer formulas and organic fertilizer doses on the growth of Arabica coffee seedlings and the planting media chemical properties. The experiment used a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was biofertilizer formula types, namely without biofertilizers, 10 g polybag-1 solid biofertilizer, and 10 ml polybag-1 liquid biofertilizer. The second factor was sheep manure dosage (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%). The results showed that the solid biofertilizers significantly increased seed vigor (height, stem diameter, and number of leaves) of coffee seedlings aged 6 MAP (months after planting). The dose of 6% manure produced the highest leaf dry weight of coffee seedlings aged 6 MAP. Increasing the dose of manure from 2% to 8% could significantly increase the pH, organic C content, P-available, CEC, exchangeable pottasium, exchangeable calsium, and exchangeable magnesium of the planting medium. The application of solid biofertilizer formula and manure can support the production of good-quality Arabica coffee seedlings.ABSTRAKPenggunaan media tanam tanah dengan kualitas kesuburan yang rendah dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bibit. Aplikasi pupuk hayati dan pupuk organik pada pembibitan tanaman perkebunan bertujuan untuk memperbaiki kualitas media tanam dan memacu pertumbuhan bibit lebih optimal. Keefektifan pupuk hayati diduga dipengaruhi oleh formula bahan pembawa dan karakteristik media tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh formula pupuk hayati dan dosis pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kopi arabika dan sifat kimia media tanam. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama terdiri dari formula pupuk hayati yaitu tanpa pupuk hayati, pupuk hayati padat 10 g polybag-1, pupuk hayati cair 10 ml polybag-1. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk kandang domba (2%, 4%, 6%, dan 8%). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk hayati padat secara nyata dapat meningkatkan vigor bibit (tinggi, diameter batang, dan jumlah daun) bibit kopi umur 6 BST (bulan setelah tanam). Dosis pupuk kandang 6% menghasilkan bobot kering daun bibit kopi umur 6 BST yang paling tinggi. Peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang 2% menjadi 8% dapat meningkatkan secara nyata pH, kadar C organik, P tersedia, KTK, K-dd, Ca-dd, dan Mg-dd media tanam. Aplikasi formula pupuk hayati padat dan pupuk kandang dapat menunjang produksi bibit kopi arabika yang berkualitas baik.
Developing the quality of functional sausage products with the addition of local vegetable raw materials
Authors: Dzyundzya Oksana , Antonenko Artem , Gorach Olga , Novikova Natalia , Rezvykh Nina , Stukalska Nataliia , Ratushenko Antonina , Biriukova Oleksandra , Kryvoruchko Myroslav , Mihailik Vitalii 
Published: December 2023

In today's world, the issue of creating complete food products is relevant for the development of food technology. One of these areas is devoted to solving the problem of preventing iron deficiency conditions arising from iron deficiency in the diet.
To enrich the diet with necessary nutrients and reduce the loss of valuable raw materials, it is relevant to justify innovative technologies of sausage products.
The object of the study is the technology of blood sausages with the addition of eggplant powder and green buckwheat.
In the process of modeling the recipe, eggplant powders for blood sausage were added in an amount of 5, 10, 15, 20 % by weight of unsalted raw materials. The optimum concentration was found to be 10 % powder.
It was determined that the introduction of plant additives into the stuffing increases the pH value from 6.35 in the control to 6.52 in the experimental sample of the finished sausage.
The introduction of the additive increases the moisture-retaining capacity of the stuffing proteins in the experimental samples by 6.28–6.87 % compared to the control.
The research found that the introduction of unconventional ingredients positively affects the changes in pH (norm 6.5–6.8), which during 5 days of storage was within 6.5–6.52. The control sample on the day of preparation had a pH of 6.5. During storage, the pH decreased dramatically, which indicates increased acidity, accordingly affects the quality of the finished product and confirms the short storage duration.
As a result of laboratory studies of microbiological safety indicators, only mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms were detected in the experimental samples, the number of which does not exceed the standards.
No ochratoxin A (OTA) was found in the studied blood sausage samples, indicating the safety of the developed product
Formation of quality indicators of products based on fruits and berries
Authors: Davydova Oksana , Cherevychna Nataliia , Kramarenko Dmytro , Sysoieva Svitlana , Nechepurenko Krystyna 
Published: December 2023

Fruits and berries are an integral part of a healthy diet. The seasonality of production, short-term preservation in fresh form predetermines the need for their processing in order to provide the population with the necessary nutrients year-round.
Common sauces are tomato and mayonnaise sauces. The assortment of fruit sauces is limited, and the traditional technologies of their production do not make it possible to preserve the biologically active substances of vegetable raw materials in them as much as possible and do not always differ in high organoleptic indicators.
The established relationship between the quality of the fruit product, its color, nutritional value, and digestibility is directly dependent on polyphenols, which are chemically active and extremely unstable.
One of the adopted technological solutions aimed at preserving the polyphenols of cherries and black currants during the development of sauce technology is the use of aromatic plant raw materials widely distributed in Ukraine. Previous studies have suggested that the leaves of black currant, walnut, oregano, elderflower, and chamomile flowers are able to preserve polyphenols from oxidation.
Studies have confirmed the assumptions. It was established that the adopted concentrations of additives are optimal and make it possible to preserve cherry and blackcurrant bioflavonoids by 34...82 % more compared to traditional products. According to the organoleptic parameters, the products are advantageously distinguished by their intense color and pleasant aroma, characteristic of the raw materials.
The radioprotective properties of cherry and blackcurrant sauces were investigated. Their positive influence on the removal of radionuclides from the body has been proven. Sauces reliably have radioprotective, immunomodulating properties and can be used in therapeutic and preventive and baby nutrition