bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress Analysis of Endodontically Treated Tooth–Implant Different Connectors Designs in Maxillary Posterior Region: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Hashemi Sara , Baghaei Kimia , Fathi Amirhossein , Aghadavoudi Navid , Hashemi Seyed Saman , Atash Ramin , Khademi Sayed Sobhan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives Using finite element analysis (FEA), this study aimed to determine the effect of nonrigid connectors (NRCs) and their position on the success of tooth and implant-supported fixed prostheses in the maxillary posterior region.
Materials and Methods Three three-dimensional FEA models were designed, presuming maxillary second premolar and first molar to be extracted. Implant (replacing first molar), abutment, bone (spongious and cortical), first premolar (containing dentin, root cement, gutta-percha, and casting post and core), periodontal ligament, and three three-unit cemented porcelain-fused-to-metal prostheses (a rigid one and two nonrigid) were modeled. The NRC was once on the tooth side and once on the implant side. The prostheses were loaded twice. The first molar (180 N) and premolars (120 N) teeth were subjected to progressive vertical and oblique (12-degree) loads, and maximum von Mises stress and strain in teeth and connectors were calculated for each model.
Results The findings of the current study showed evidence that tooth-implant design with an NRC has significantly increased the average stress in the tooth. The average stress in dentin was 769.02 for the mesial connector and 766.95 for the distal connector, and this was only 731.59 for rigid connector. Furthermore, it was observed that rigid connector has considerably minimized the stress within the tooth–implant-supported fixed partial denture. The average stress for the crown and metal frame is 346.22 and 526.41 in rigid connector, while it is 1,172.9 and 2,050.9 for the nonrigid mesial connector.
Conclusion Although distal NRC was more efficient than mesial NRC, using NRC will only reduce the stress applied to cortical bone and is not recommended in the posterior region of the maxilla.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Conventional and Microsurgical Access Flap Techniques in Managing Horizontal Bony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Clinical and Radiographic Study
Authors: Thakur Shambhavi , Martande Santosh , Ankit Kumar , Gopalakrishnan D. , Kulloli Anita , Shetty Sharath , Mehta Vini , Suryawanshi Krishna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjective Periodontal microsurgery is descendant of conventional periodontal surgery to reduce surgical trauma, improve wound healing, and enhance patient compliance. This study compared the efficacy of conventional and microsurgical access flap in the management of horizontal bony defects in chronic periodontitis patients.Materials and Methods Eight pairs of contralateral horizontal bone defects in chronic periodontitis patients were randomly allocated to control group and test group. Microsurgical access flap was carried out in test group under magnification, while control group received conventional access flap. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), relative attachment level (RAL), and relative gingival marginal level (RGML) were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Wound healing index (WHI) was evaluated after 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. Pain perception was evaluated using visual analog scale (VAS) post-surgery and after 24 hours. Radiographic defect depth was measured at baseline and after 6 months.Statistical Analysis The statistical analysis was done by SPSS statistical software. The intragroup comparison was done by repeated measures analysis of variance. The intergroup difference between both groups was done by Student's t-test. The descriptive statistics for VAS and WHI was done by Wilcoxon signed rank test. The mean difference between clinical parameters from baseline to follow-up intervals was calculated by post-hoc least significance difference analysis.Results There was significant reduction in PI, GI, PPD, and RAL within both the groups (p < 0.05). There was increase in RGML within both the groups from baseline to 6 months (p < 0.05). In the intergroup comparison, test group showed better WHI and better pain perception (VAS) compared to control group (p < 0.05). No difference was found between both the groups in terms of radiographic defect depth (p > 0.5).Conclusion Both the procedures were effective in improving the clinical parameters but the microsurgical group showed better results in terms of wound healing and less postoperative pain. Both procedures showed no significant effect on radiographic defect depth.
Homodigital Unipedicled Islanded Neurovascular Pulp Advancement Flap/Colombo Flap for Fingertip Reconstruction: A Case Series with a Novel Technique
Authors: Rankothkumbura Jeewan Pradeep , Prasad Iddagoda Hewage Don Samitha , Gayamali Gamini Kaushalya , Dissanayake Dammika Abeywickrama 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFingertip injury is the most common type of upper extremity injury. Operative treatment with flap cover is required for tissue loss causing bone exposure and when there is a compelling need to preserve the length, unless microvascular replantation is possible. There are many techniques described for this purpose offering varying degrees of good outcomes. Yet there are limitations and long-term problems. We report a case series with a novel technique named “Colombo flap,” which is a neurovascular islanded advancement flap based on a single pedicle. Five fingers of four consented patients were operated using this technique and they were followed up for 2.5 years. All had satisfactory sensory recovery (S3 +/S4), preserved range of motion (ROM) at interphalangeal joints, good grip strengths, and satisfactory outcomes based on Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ). There were no complications such as flap necrosis, infection, and neuroma formation. Hook nail deformity was minimal and none had pain or cold intolerance.
Recipient Vessel Dissection Technique in Diabetic Foot Patients with Perivascular Fibrosis
Authors: Periasamy Madhu , Muthukumar Vamseedharan , Venkatramani Hari , Sabapathy S. Raja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcers are becoming more prevalent, and microsurgical free flaps are gaining popularity in salvaging the foot after postdebridement. The perivascular fibrosis around the recipient vessels often makes the dissection of vessels difficult. In this article, we describe a technique of dissection in such situations where fibrosis and dissection of vessels are fraught with danger. In the period from November 2020 to May 2023, 72 free flap reconstructions of the diabetic foot were done at our institute using this technique, with a success rate of 95.8%.
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to Orbital Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: A Minimally Invasive Method for Rare Orbital Tumor—Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Ganigi Praveen M. , Chakraborty Arijit , Bopanna K.M. , Shetty Sathwik R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are uncommon tumors that rarely occur in the orbit. Malignant orbital tumors are always a challenge to remove completely. We present the case of a 42-year man with painful movement of the left eye and restriction of adduction of the left eye causing double vision. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain/orbit revealed intraconal tumor located inferomedial to the optic nerve. The imaging features were suggestive of schwannoma or cavernoma. Gross total resection of the tumor was done with an endoscopic endonasal intraconal approach. The histopathology revealed an MPNST. The patient received adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. His left eye adduction recovered completely and he had no local recurrence or systemic metastasis on follow-up evaluation.
Management of Post–Electric Burn Microstomia by Free Radial Artery Forearm Flap in a 1-Year-Old Child
Authors: Manas Raj Kumar , Chatterji Sujoy Kumar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractManagement of post–electric burn microstomia is a challenging task, especially in children, as it causes difficulty in feeding and airway problems (secondary to nasal airway blockage). The recreated defect is often full thickness and requires full-thickness tissue for reconstruction. The free flap can provide adequate normal tissue for the restoration of functions and aesthesis of the perioral region. However, performing free flaps in children is equally demanding due to small-diameter vessel anastomosis and postoperative monitoring. We present a case of postburn microstomia that was managed by contracture release and reconstruction by free radial artery forearm flap in a 1-year-old child. Postoperatively, at 6 months of follow-up, the flap settled well and the child was able to open his mouth fully with good aesthetic outcome. The free flap can be considered a good and safe option for perioral contracture release and reconstruction for better functional and aesthetic outcomes.
Restoring Quality of Life: Assessing the Impact of Free Flap Reconstruction in Coronavirus Disease 2019-Associated Rhino-Orbital Mucormycosis Patients
Authors: Rao Neeraj , Agrawal Anand , Kapoor Akshay , Mago Vishal , Vathulya Madhubari , Chattopadhyay Debarati 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background In India, between May 5 and July 2021, 41,512 cases and 3,554 deaths due to mucormycosis were reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-infected patients or COVID-19-recovered patients. COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital mucormycosis (CAROM) has been associated with adverse effects that can affect oral health, vision, and physical as well as emotional functioning. After the radical debridement of CAROM and antifungal therapy, reconstructive surgery should be employed to restore function and aesthetics; however, limited clinical data exist on its potential effect on the quality of life (QOL) of these patients.
Objective Our objective was to assess the QOL among CAROM patients reconstructed with free flap surgery.
Materials and Methods This analysis studied 19 patients of CAROM who had maxillectomy and/or orbital exenteration defects reconstructed with free flaps at a tertiary care center. All these patients were free from any residual disease, as confirmed by tissue biopsy taken from the affected area. The QoL of these patients was assessed 1 week preoperatively and 4 to 6 months postoperatively using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Head and Neck Module (EORTC QLQ-HN43) questionnaire module.
Results There was a statistically significant improvement in 10 out of the total 19 parameters (p < 0.05) which include pain in the mouth, problems opening mouth, speech, swallowing, weight loss, dry mouth and sticky saliva, body image, fear of progression, social contact, and social eating.
Conclusion The EORTC QLQ-HN43 questionnaire module presented a statistically significant improvement in the functional as well as psychological status of the CAROM patients undergoing reconstruction by free flap surgery.
Failure of Reconstructive Technique to Repair a Giant Intracranial Fusiform Aneurysm of the Basilar Artery: Case Report and Literature Review in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Solis Frank G. , Toledo Mauro , Ecos Rosa L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTreatment of giant basilar aneurysm presents a major treatment challenge, especially in the pediatric population. Morbidity and mortality approach 80 and 30%, respectively. Both reconstructive and deconstructive techniques are associated with high rates of complete occlusion and good neurological outcomes. We report a 14-year-old male with a giant basilar trunk aneurysm treated with an endovascular approach. Clinical symptoms began following an ischemic stroke 2 weeks prior to admission. Endovascular treatment was performed through a reconstructive technique by single flow diverter device (FDD) in the basilar artery; however, this technique failed. At 1-year follow-up, without additional endovascular treatment, the mid-basilar artery and aneurysm were occluded, with vertebrobasilar flow maintained through collaterals from the right posterior communicating artery. We present a challenging management of giant basilar aneurysm in a pediatric patient experiencing a failure of FDD deployment; however, we highlight the importance of collateral flow development in progressive occlusions.
Optical frequency divider: Capable of measuring optical frequency ratio in 22 digits
Authors: Shi H. , Jiang Y. , Yao Y. , Li B. , Wang C. , Yu H. , Ma L. 
Published: October 2023

Recent advances in optical frequency standards and optical frequency combs (OFCs) have drawn wide attention since by transforming other quantities into frequency metrology, a higher measurement sensitivity or accuracy can be achieved. Among them, the search for dark matter, tests of relativity, and detection of gravitational wave anticipate even more precise frequency ratio measurement of optical signals, which challenges the state-of-the-art optical frequency standards and OFCs. Here, we report an optical frequency divider (OFD) based on a Ti:sapphire mode-locked laser, which can realize ultraprecise optical frequency ratio measurements and optical frequency division to other desired frequencies. The OFD is based on an OFC frequency-stabilized to a hydrogen maser, whose frequency noise in optical frequency division is subtracted via the transfer oscillator scheme. An optically referenced radio frequency time-base is introduced for the fine-tuning of the divisor and the reduction in division noise. Using the OFD, the frequency ratio between the fundamental and its second harmonic of a 1064 nm laser is measured with a fractional uncertainty of 3 × 10−22, nearly five times better than previous results. Meanwhile, we also report the ability to transport between laboratories, the long-term operation, and the multi-channel division of the OFD.
Viscosity and Stokes-Einstein relation in deeply supercooled water under pressure
Authors: Mussa Alexandre , Berthelard Romain , Caupin Frédéric , Issenmann Bruno 
Published: October 2023

We report measurements of the shear viscosity η in water up to 150 MPa and down to 229.5 K. This corresponds to more than 30 K supercooling below the melting line. The temperature dependence is non-Arrhenius at all pressures, but its functional form at 0.1 MPa is qualitatively different from that at all pressures above 20 MPa. The pressure dependence is non-monotonic, with a pressure-induced decrease of viscosity by more than 50% at low temperature. Combining our data with literature data on the self-diffusion coefficient Ds of water, we check the Stokes-Einstein relation which, based on hydrodynamics, predicts constancy of Dsη/T, where T is the temperature. The observed temperature and pressure dependence of Dsη/T is analogous to that obtained in simulations of a realistic water model. This analogy suggests that our data are compatible with the existence of a liquid-liquid critical point at positive pressure in water.
Mathematical solutions in internal dose assessment: A comparison of Python-based differential equation solvers in biokinetic modeling
Authors: Mate-Kole Emmanuel Matey , Margot Dmitri , Dewji Shaheen Azim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In biokinetic modeling systems employed for radiation protection, biological retention and excretion have been modeled as a series of discretized compartments representing the organs and tissues of the human body. Fractional retention and excretion in these organ and tissue systems have been mathematically governed by a series of coupled first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The coupled ODE systems comprising the biokinetic models are usually stiff due to the severe difference between rapid and slow transfers between compartments. In this study, the capabilities of solving a complex coupled system of ODEs for biokinetic modeling were evaluated by comparing different Python programming language solvers and solving methods with the motivation of establishing a framework that enables multi-level analysis. The stability of the solvers was analyzed to select the best performers for solving the biokinetic problems. A Python-based linear algebraic method was also explored to examine how the numerical methods deviated from an analytical or semi-analytical method. Results demonstrated that customized implicit methods resulted in an enhanced stable solution for the inhaled 60Co (Type M) and 131I (Type F) exposure scenarios for the inhalation pathway of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication 130 Human Respiratory Tract Model (HRTM). The customized implementation of the Python-based implicit solvers resulted in approximately consistent solutions with the Python-based matrix exponential method (expm). The differences generally observed between the implicit solvers and expm are attributable to numerical precision and the order of numerical approximation of the numerical solvers. This study provides the first analysis of a list of Python ODE solvers and methods by comparing their usage for solving biokinetic models using the ICRP Publication 130 HRTM and provides a framework for the selection of the most appropriate ODE solvers and methods in Python language to implement for modeling the distribution of internal radioactivity.
Interference-free laser-based temperature and CO-concentration measurements for shock-heated isooctane and isooctane/ethanol blends
Authors: He Dong , Si Ting , Fikri Mustapha , Luo Xisheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Species concentration (e.g. CO) and temperature measurements in the combustion field require fast-response technique without interfering species. In the last decade, tunable diode lasers have been established as strong technique to measure species such as CO, CO2, and H2O as well as temperature with high sensitivity. The drawback is the degree of interference that might hamper the robustness of the technique. In this work simultaneous measurements of temperature and CO concentration were carried out using an interference-free mid-infrared laser-based absorption technique behind reflected shock waves. Two transition lines of CO (P(v″ = 0, J″ = 21) and P(v″ = 1, J″ = 21)) in the fundamental vibrational band near 4.87 and 4.93 μm, respectively, were selected. Absorbance interferences from CO2 and H2O at room and high temperatures were evaluated. Spectroscopic parameters for the development of the system were measured: line strengths and collisional broadening coefficients (in Ar) of both lines were obtained at 1020–1950 K by using the scanned-wavelength direct-absorption method. The technique was demonstrated for non-reactive and reactive mixtures. For the non-reactive case, temperature and CO concentration were measured at 1030–1910 K and 1.0–3.7 bar. For the reactive case, oxidation of i-C8H18/O2/Ar and i-C8H18/C2H5OH/O2/Ar mixtures were investigated at three equivalence ratios of 2.0, 1.0, and 0.5. The two newly adopted lines exhibited good performance in the detection of CO concentration and are immune to interferences from CO2 and H2O. In addition, the simulated data from the state-of-the-art isooctane/ethanol mechanisms in literature were compared with the measured data, showing overall good agreement.
Multi-valued perturbations on stochastic evolution equations driven by fractional Brownian motions
Authors: Ma Zhong-Xin , Valero José , Zhao Jia-Cheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We consider a stochastic evolution inclusion having deterministic multi-valued nonlinearity and fractional Brownian motion with nonlinear diffusion. We establish the nonemptiness and compactness of its solution set. After that, the upper semicontinuity with respect to random parameters and initial values of the corresponding solution map is proved. In particular, the results on nonemptiness and upper semicontinuity imply that the inclusion under consideration defines a multi-valued random dynamical system. Moreover, under an extra smooth assumption on the diffusion, it is demonstrated that the solution set has the topological structure of R

δ
-type.
Studies about zones of proximal mathematical development and methods of developmental teaching of Mathematics
Authors: Semenets S P , Semenets L M , Andriichuk N M , Chugunova O V , Lutsyk O M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The work develops the doctrine of the zones of the nearest mathematical development in the education seekers, reveals their content, substantiates the classification basis, and establishes typological characteristics. The structural and functional features of the studied phenomenon are represented by the principle of developmental continuity of Mathematics education and the task structure of educational and mathematical activities. In this way, compliance with the deductive essence of Mathematics was ensured, and emphasis was also placed on the phenomenological characteristics of mathematical abilities – the ability to generalize the content of mathematical education. Taking into account the established zones of the nearest mathematical development of the students of education, using the system approach and the modeling method, a theoretical-probabilistic methodical model of the developmental teaching of Mathematics was built, and the content of its stages was revealed. It was established that the method of developmental teaching of Mathematics involves the following stages: determination of areas of actual mathematical development; creation of areas of proximal mathematical development; transformation of zones of the nearest mathematical development into zones of actual mathematical development; designing the zones of the nearest mathematical development in the education seekers. Taking into account the problem raised in the work, the results of a pilot study on the manifestations of mathematical abilities of education seekers, significant factors of their development, as well as the effectiveness of the methodology of developmental teaching of Mathematics were experimentally verified.
Methodology of project-based learning for training junior students in applied mathematics: general scheme of the educational process
Authors: Akhiiezer O B , Haluza O A , Savchenko A O , Lyubchyk L M , Protsay N T , Aslandukov M O 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An original methodology of the project-based learning for junior students of the specialty applied mathematics is proposed in the paper. A complete step-by-step diagram (as a BPMN diagram) of the process of the project-based learning as a business process with a description of the specific actions of all its participants is given. The paper specified and clearly describes all the main aspects of the work on the project, starting from the criteria that the project problem must satisfy, and ending with the form of project defense. The roles of both students within the project team and all teachers are described in detail. Special attention is paid to all documents accompanying the work on the project, which should be submitted by the project team. The results of the article may be useful to those teams of teachers who are just starting to work on the implementation of project-based learning into the educational process for the specialty of applied mathematics or related ones.