bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The state of play in musical performance studies
Authors: Rink John 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Chapter 1 surveys the ‘discipline’ of musical performance studies, noting key achievements during its development over the past three decades as well as certain pitfalls or problems that have arisen. One of the conclusions is that if research in the field is to resonate with musical practice and to achieve its full elucidatory potential, it must focus on and account for performers’ concerns first and foremost. To that end, the chapter considers how diverse types of knowledge might influence a performance conception without necessarily overdetermining it. Characterised as a form of refraction, this process of sense- and decision-making is exemplified through an extended case study of Chopin’s Prelude in E minor Op. 28 No. 4, which traces a profile of the music under scrutiny – one of many such profiles in the book.
Impersonating the music in performance
Authors: Rink John 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Chapter 2 considers how performers conceive of what they do and the identity that can accrue with the music they are performing. Evidence for this ‘identity as’/‘identity with’ relationship – likened to an act of impersonation – is adduced in a series of performer testimonies, including the author’s own. Preliminary conclusions are drawn about the relation between thought and embodied action in performance. It is claimed that for those who are performing, ‘the music’ tends to be heard and felt above all else, but with the important proviso that the hearing and feeling in question are not what is commonly understood by these terms. Close examination of select writings of three authors – Erwin Stein, Edward Cone and Alfred Brendel – yields additional insights into the performer experience, despite the initial impressions given by the respective texts.
Judging Chopin
Authors: Rink John 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter – like chapter 12 – challenges current orthodoxies surrounding artistic research. It extends the practice-led ambit of much of the book by presenting an autoethnography of the author’s experiences as a member of the jury of the International Chopin Competition in 2015. The first task is to explore literature on music historiography, autoethnography and adjudication; reference is also made to the interviews in which the author participated, with a view to identifying the criteria used to assess pianists in the competition. The focus then shifts to the experience of listening to select performances, and to the structural representation formed by the author on the basis of one pianist’s unique musical conception. All of this illuminates how musicians are evaluated in action, the narratives that we construct about music’s course in time, and musical experience in general. It shows furthermore that methods characteristic of artistic research can be applied to a broader range of practices.
Introduction
Authors: Westerhoff Jan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
After a brief introduction to Candrakīrti’s life and works, this section discusses the background of Candrakīrti’s text in Nāgārjuna’s Madhyamaka, and the debate between Buddhapālita and Bhāviveka, two key commentators from the Indian Budddhist scholastic commentarial tradition. This is followed by a survey of the structure of the text, with particular focus on the 6th chapter, the main part of the work, which provides a detailed exposition of the Madhyamaka theory of emptiness. The remainder of the section comments on Candrakīrti’s relation to Yogācāra before looking at the history of the reception of the text, first in India, then in Tibet.
Essentials of Making Sound
Authors: Fieldsteel Eli 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter builds upon the previous chapter and introduces basic tools, techniques, and considerations for launching the audio server application and creating/manipulating sound, with the goal of familiarizing the reader with sonic expression and actualization on a fundamental level. Unit Generators (“UGens”) are presented as the basic building blocks of audio synthesis algorithms, while reinforcing relevant theoretical concepts of digital audio signals. The “function-dot-play” construct is introduced, along with techniques for altering and fading sound, as the simplest and most direct way to play and control sound in real-time. Additional topics include UGen rates and ranges, sustaining and non-sustaining envelopes, envelope gates and triggers, basic mathematical operations with signals (such as mixing and modulation), multichannel signals, the core classes Synth and SynthDef, and a handful of other techniques and utilities that provide visual aids and enhance the workflow.
Sampling
Authors: Fieldsteel Eli 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces creative techniques for generating musical sound based on the playback and manipulation of pre-recorded audio files, presented as a complementary but wholly different practice than synthesis, discussed in the previous chapter. Sampling in SuperCollider begins by loading one or more audio files into buffer objects, and playing them back with a sampling UGen, often PlayBuf or BufRd. Topics include attributes and operations relevant to sample buffers, techniques for organizing a large sample library into an appropriate data structure, pitch transposition, looping, and nonlinear playback techniques. This chapter also introduces UGens for recording audio signals into buffers (RecordBuf and BufWr), opening doors to delay/echo effects and live looping, and concludes with an introduction to sample-based granular synthesis, which facilitates the creation of dense textures/drones, as well as independent control over pitch and durational aspects of recorded sound.
Describing Cinema
Authors: Corrigan Timothy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Describing Cinema is part theory, part rhetoric, and part pedagogy. It examines and demonstrates acts of describing scenes, shots, and sequences in films, as probably the most common and the most underestimated way viewers respond to movies. Practiced energetically and carefully, descriptions become exceptionally rich ways to demonstrate and celebrate the activities, varieties, and challenges of a central generative movement in the viewing and interpretation of films. My motto might be an inversion of one character’s tongue-in-cheek remark in Jean-Luc Godard’s First Name, Carmen (played by Godard himself), “badly seen, badly said,” rephrased for this project as “badly said, badly seen.” Here, that phrase becomes an indication how acts of describing films or parts of films can measure and instantiate complex ways of seeing that are partly about accuracy but also about the mobility of understanding and interpretation. At its best, describing films never simply denotes actions, images, sounds, or styles but rather produces the orchestration of one or more of those dimensions as an often creative and intersubjective movement between images, viewers, and a rhetorical language. Here, especially, writing about film becomes thinking about film. Part I provides a theoretical basis for this argument. Part II features sixteen short essays from landmarks of postwar cinema that demonstrate the energy and movement of precise descriptions.
Describing . . . Vacancy: Throne of Blood (Akira Kurosawa, 1957)
Authors: Corrigan Timothy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Focusing on the motif of vacancy, an analysis of the use of space and movement in the sequence that leads up to and includes the murder of the Lord. The discussion relates to the Japanese traditions of Noh theatre and Bunraku theatre, as described by Roland Barthes.
Describing . . . Immobility: The Conformist (Bernardo Bertolucci, 1970)
Authors: Corrigan Timothy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
An analysis of Italian fascism in the late 1930s focused on the dance hall sequence. The sequence reveals the repressed desires of Marcello for the wife of the anti-fascist leader he is sent to assassinate. Throughout the sequence this repression and Marcello’s inability to act on his desires becomes reconfigured as the stasis and immobility that metaphorically sustains fascism.
How does exposure work?
Authors: Farrell Nicholas R. , Becker Carolyn Black , Waller Glenn 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Although the effectiveness of exposure therapy is well supported in scientific research, less is known about how exposure therapy exerts its therapeutic influence. Nonetheless, research has provided scientific support for several proposed mechanisms of action by which patients experience relief from their symptoms via exposure therapy. This chapter gives readers an overview of these important mechanisms of change that are believed to underlie the benefits associated with exposure therapy. Specifically, habituation of anxiety, violation of fear expectancies (i.e., safety learning), and enhancements in self-efficacy are all described as important mechanisms of action in exposure therapy. Readers are guided in identifying their own life experiences that are illustrative of the mechanisms of action described in this chapter.
Learning Without Lessons
Authors: Lancy David F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis work is designed to fill a rather large lacuna in the field of child development and education. A growing scholarly consensus challenges the universality of Western-dominated research in psychology. All or most markers of the child’s growth and development are now subject to reexamination through a cross-cultural lens. By the same token, the study of education has been similarly restricted as norms and theory are constructed almost exclusively from research in Euroamerican schools. This work aims to fill a substantial portion of this gap, in particular to document and analyze the myriad processes that come to play as indigenous children learn their culture—without schools or lessons. It will characterize the conglomeration of learning-rich events as instances of “pedagogy in culture.” The construct has several connotations, but paramount is the idea that opportunities for learning occur naturally in the course of activities such as work, play, nighttime campfire stories, and so on, that are not primarily intended to educate. Two significant sources of data will be drawn on: focused, empirical studies in cultural psychology and accounts of childhood in the ethnographic and archaeological records. These latter sources have been underutilized in speculations on the nature of child development and learning. The overall conclusion from this study is that the pedagogy found in communities before the advent of schooling differs in very significant ways from that practiced in schools and in the homes of schooled parents. These differences help to account for the early failure of many introduced schools to educate their naïve subjects successfully.
The Chore Curriculum
Authors: Lancy David F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA major transition in the child’s education occurs when play is gradually superseded by work. Play is appreciated as a means to keep children busy and out of the way. But virtually every skill is first encountered in play, and the “play stage” is seen as the essential first step in the chore curriculum. Once the child is perceived as making a real contribution to the family economy, others pay closer attention. Above all, the child for the first time will be assigned specific tasks. Indigenous children take on a variety of chores, and each task has its own curriculum or “ladder” of skills to master and then deploy. This chapter catalogs the varied inventory of child work and the learning process associated with each.
The Transition to Structured Learning
Authors: Lancy David F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo accentuate the unique aspects of Indigenous pedagogy, this chapter reviews the origin and spread of schooling. These antecedents such as Mesopotamia and Egypt feature rote memorization, the child’s loss of autonomy, and corporal punishment as examples. The Indigenous community may also incorporate more school-like institutions to carry out specific pedagogical goals. These might include the training of expert navigators, complex skills learned during apprenticeship, and the severe indoctrination found in initiation rites. The chapter also features the recent history of public schools finding their way into school-less villages and the consequences.
Global WEIRDing
Authors: Lancy David F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWestern, educated, industrialized, rich, democratic (WEIRD) notions of pedagogy, as many other aspects of WEIRD culture, are spreading rapidly around the world. The most obvious sign of this phenomenon is that a larger and larger proportion of the world’s population is schooled. This chapter reviews four areas where this transformation is having a major impact. “Lesson Creep” documents the growing role that formal education plays in the lives of both WEIRD and village children. The second topic in the chapter, “Lost Skills,” follows directly from the first. If schooling is occupying a larger and larger portion of the child’s time, it follows that children will have much less time to benefit from local, Indigenous pedagogy. Another victim of WEIRDing is the drive to fit in, be helpful, and learn to work collaboratively. The third topic in the chapter is labeled “The Schooled Mind.” Recent research is focused on the decline or absence of Indigenous cognitive and social skills due to schooling. A major shift takes place as the pedagogy of the village—direct, hands-on experience—is replaced by lessons that are delivered primarily through speech and printed material. The fourth topic to consider is the future of research on Indigenous pedagogy. The study of pedagogy in Indigenous communities has been significantly compromised by the spread of formal education. A community where children no longer participate in subsistence activity is, for the purpose of comparative analysis, already WEIRD. The chapter ends with a review of the major points made throughout the book.
The Classical Upaniṣads
Authors: Cohen Signe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Upaniṣads are central Hindu philosophical and religious texts, composed in Sanskrit from the eighth century bce onward that focus on the identity between a person’s inner self, ātman, and the cosmic divine force, brahman. According to the Upaniṣads, the knowledge of the mystical identity between ātman and brahman can lead to immortality and liberation from rebirth. The Classical Upaniṣads: A Guide is an accessible guide to the older Upaniṣads, written both for college students and for a general audience with an interest in Indian religion, philosophy, and culture. This volume explores the historical, geographical, and social context of the classical Upaniṣads; discusses issues of dating, authorship, and transmission of the texts; and analyzes central ideas in the Upaniṣads, such as ātman, brahman, karma, reincarnation, mokṣa, knowledge, and sacred sounds (mantras). This book also discusses the importance of the Upaniṣads for Hinduism and Indian culture, as well as the reception of the Upaniṣads in the West.
Dating and Authorship
Authors: Cohen Signe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the dating of the classical Upaniṣads. Most scholarly estimates of the date of composition for the classical Upaniṣads range from around 800 bce to 100 ce, and chapter 3 outlines the various types of evidence (archaeological, linguistic, and textual) that have been used to arrive at dates of composition for the Upaniṣads. The authorship and transmission of the Upaniṣads are described in more detail, and the chapter also analyzes claims to secrecy in the Upaniṣads. Several Upaniṣadic texts state that their teachings should only be shared with initiated students, not with outsiders. The chapter suggests that these assertions of secrecy should not necessarily be taken literally, but rather that secrecy is a discursive activity that marks boundaries and structures power relationships in these texts.
Being Single in the 21st Century
Authors: Kislev Elyakim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter surveys the recent literature on singlehood and examines the reasons and consequences of the choice to remain single, in four parts. First, the chapter introduces the concept of singlehood and its various definitions. In the second part, the chapter delves into the reasons and circumstances that lead people to be single. The third part explores how cultural norms and societal expectations play into singles’ well-being and social standing. The fourth part discusses the implications of singlehood on mental well-being, social connections, sexuality, and stereotypes. The chapter concludes by considering how the shift toward singlehood is changing the way in which individuals organize their lives socially and economically. These changes are leading a cultural shift that is reconceptualizing the modern meaning of family and, in turn, allowing more people than ever to choose to stay single in the long term.
Diverse Friendships
Authors: Shelton J. Nicole , Turetsky Kate M. , Park Yeji , Eikenburg Lindsey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
As the United States becomes increasingly diverse and technological advances afford greater contact with people beyond one’s local geography, people have more opportunities to befriend others who differ from them on various identities, including race/ethnicity, socioeconomic class, religion, and political ideology to name a few. This chapter, first, identifies structural and psychological processes that facilitate or hinder the formation and maintenance of cross-group friendships. Second, it synthesizes the benefits of cross-group friendship to intergroup attitudes, perceptions and beliefs, and physical and mental health. A major goal is to highlight asymmetries in these processes and outcomes for traditionally low- and high-status groups. Ideas for future research and interventions are discussed.
Relationships and Health
Authors: Moyer Anne , Mock K. Olivia , Martillotti Rose 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The quantity, quality, and types of relationships as well as our level of embeddedness in social networks have been linked to morbidity and even mortality. More recent research has investigated the mechanisms through which these aspects of social life get “under the skin” to affect well-being. These range from health-related behaviors such as eating, exercise, smoking, and obtaining preventive healthcare to changes in the brain and gene expression, observed through techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), RNA sequencing, and gene arrays. This chapter highlights research related to how relationships with romantic partners, families, and friends translate to salutary and negative health outcomes. It also discusses contemporary themes relevant to the current social context.
Manufacturing Catastrophe
Authors: Nichols Shaun S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Manufacturing Catastrophe explores the origins of industrial growth and decay in the United States through a study of the paradigmatic case of southeastern Massachusetts. American economic history has long been defined by the classic, waveform narrative of nineteenth-century industrialization, urbanization, and capitalist expansion followed by twentieth-century deindustrialization, globalization, and urban decay. Manufacturing Catastrophe, however, argues that this foundational mythology is deeply flawed. It shows that industrial Massachusetts did not simply “rise” and “fall,” but was made and re-made over and over again, beset by incessant waves of economic collapse and reconstruction. Tracing the successive rise and fall of the Massachusetts whaling, textile, garment, electronics, and high-tech industries over the past 200 years, it shows how Massachusetts business, labor, and political leaders repeatedly mobilized the lure of crisis itself—in everything from cheap labor and slashed tax rates to low rents and high manufacturing subsidies—to pull and push both capital and workers across the continents. Economic catastrophe was skilfully mobilized by business leaders and policymakers to shift the geography of global capitalism to rebuild shattered economies; it was, unexpectedly, a critical ingredient in the making of American industrial hegemony. To that end, Manufacturing Catastrophe suggests that the mad scramble for globally mobile capital—the so-called race to the bottom—is not some unique new problem that affluent nations alone face. As the Massachusetts case shows, it was part and parcel of the global spread of industrial capitalism, stretching back to the nineteenth century.
Cut from the Same Cloth
Authors: Nichols Shaun S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines how the desperation and working-class suffering left in the wake of the collapse of the Massachusetts textile industry in the 1930s was itself packaged, marketed, and ultimately exploited by local capitalists’ “development programs” in their efforts to again attract mobile capital to the area. As a result, just as textile mills were fleeing the Massachusetts seaboard en masse, they were replaced by a wave of equally mobile garment and electronics firms from cities such as New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago. Lured by promises of newly unemployed immigrant women willing to work for rock-bottom wages, generous funding packages from local elites desperate to see the economy revived, and a host of incentives from state leaders, ranging from free rent to tax clemency, these invading sweatshops turned local desperation into industrial development.
The “New” Economy
Authors: Nichols Shaun S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Although stories of the American northeast in the 1970s and 1980s are often defined by deindustrialization, crisis, and rust-belt obsolescence, Massachusetts blazed a very different path. Boston-area capitalists leveraged the 1973 crisis into renewed commitments of state investment toward the creation of an entirely new economic regime: “high-tech” Massachusetts. As policy leaders attempted to reorient the educational infrastructure of Massachusetts to adapt to the needs of the “new economy,” workers followed suit. They trained for the coming onslaught of high-tech jobs. But, for South Coast Massachusetts, it was an onslaught that never came. Workers’ creeping realization that they had been trained for jobs that were never going to arrive set off a crashing wave of discontent. This working-class disenchantment would be a critical ingredient in the grinding decline of Massachusetts’s industrial cities in the late-twentieth century.
A seasonally programmed energy rheostat
Authors: Stevenson Tyler John 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers one simple overview of energy stability: the coordinated regulation of food intake (energy input) and expenditure (energy outflow). Most animals living in the temperate zone rely on seasonal changes in nutrient availability to develop sufficient stores of energy in the form of fat cells to survive seasons of drought and poor food availability. For most, an annual interval timer is used to anticipate future environments. Long-term interval timers are also used to govern regulated changes in energy stability across phases of nutrient abundance and paucity to maintain animal fitness across the year, and across multiple years for long-lived species.