bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gesture imitation performance in community‐dwelling older people: assessment of a gesture imitation task in the screening and diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and dementia
Authors: Takasaki Akihiro , Hashimoto Mamoru , Fukuhara Ryuji , Sakuta Shizuka , Koyama Asuka , Ishikawa Tomohisa , Boku Shuken , Ikeda Manabu , Takebayashi Minoru 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundGesture imitation, a simple tool for assessing visuospatial/visuoconstructive functions, is reportedly useful for screening and diagnosing dementia. However, gesture imitation performance in healthy older adults is largely unknown, as are the factors associated with lower performance. To address these unknowns, we examined the gesture imitation performance of a large number of community‐dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years in Arao City, Kumamoto Prefecture (southern Japan).MethodsThe examiner presented the participants with eight gesture patterns and considered it a success if they could imitate them within 10 s. The success rate of each gesture imitation was calculated for three diagnostic groups: cognitively normal (CN) (n = 1184), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 237), and dementia (n = 47). Next, we reorganised the original gesture imitation battery by combining six selected gestures with the following scoring method: if the participants successfully imitated the gestures, immediately or within 5 s, two points were assigned. If they succeeded within 5–10 s, one point was assigned. The sensitivity and specificity of the battery were investigated to detect the dementia and MCI groups. Factors associated with gesture imitation battery scores were examined.ResultsExcept one complex gesture, the success rate of imitation in the CN group was high, approximately 90%. The sensitivity and specificity of the gesture imitation battery for discriminating between the dementia and CN groups and between the MCI and CN groups were 70%/88%, and 45%/75%, respectively. Ageing, male sex, and a diagnosis of dementia or MCI were associated with lower scores on the gesture imitation battery.ConclusionGesture imitation tasks alone may not be sufficient to detect MCI. However, by combining gestures with set time limits, gesture imitation tasks can be a low‐burden and effective method for detecting dementia, even in community medicine, such as during health check‐ups.
Crisis? What crisis? Social policy when crises are and are not crises in Czechia, Hungary and Slovakia
Authors: Saxonberg Steven , Sirovátka Tomáš , Csudai Eduard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this article, we analyse how different governments have dealt with situations, labelled as ‘crises’ in the international and national discourses. More specifically, we analyse how the Czech, Hungarian and Slovak governments framed and dealt with their social policies during the 2008 ‘financial crisis’, the 2015 ‘refugee crisis’, and the 2020 ‘Covid crisis’. We argue that sometimes governments and the mass media frame the situation as a crisis, when objectively it would be hard to argue empirically that there really was a crisis. At other times, according to objective criteria, there is ample evidence that there is indeed a crisis, but the government tries to deny it for political reasons. Despite differences in objective conditions and differences in political constellations, none of the policymakers in the three countries took advantage of the windows of opportunity that the alleged crises presented to carry out path‐changing social policy? changes. Instead, the changes we rather small and usually only temporary; thus, showing the importance of path dependency even during crisis situations.
Understanding volcanic margin evolution through the lens of Norway's youngest granite
Authors: Gernigon Laurent , Knies Jochen , Schönenberger Jasmin , Piraquive Alejandro , van der Lelij Roelant , Huyskens Magdalena H. , Planke Sverre , Berndt Christian , Jones Morgan , Millett John M. , Mohn Geoffroy , Alvarez Zarikian Carlos A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThree boreholes drilled during the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 396 have yielded unexpected findings of altered granitic rocks covered by basalt flows, interbedded sediments and glacial mud near the continent‐ocean transition of the mid‐Norwegian margin. U‐Pb and K‐Ar geochronological analyses were conducted on both protolithic and authigenically formed K‐bearing minerals to determine the age of granite crystallisation and subsequent alteration episodes. The granite's crystallisation age based on 104 zircons is 56.3 ± 0.2 Ma, and subsequent exhumation along with alteration/weathering events took place between 54.7 ± 1 and 37.1 ± 1 Ma. This intrusion represents the youngest granite discovered in Norway and intruded at an extremely shallow crustal level before a rapid rift‐to‐drift transition. The shallow emplacement of granitic rock and its fast exhumation before and during the onset of volcanism holds significant implications for the syn‐ and post‐breakup tectonic evolution of volcanic margins.
Almost strict domination and anti‐de Sitter 3‐manifolds
Authors: Sagman Nathaniel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe define a condition called almost strict domination for pairs of representations , , where is the isometry group of a Hadamard manifold, and prove that it holds if and only if one can find a ‐equivariant spacelike maximal surface in a certain pseudo‐Riemannian manifold, unique up to fixing some parameters. The proof amounts to setting up and solving an interesting variational problem that involves infinite energy harmonic maps. Adapting a construction of Tholozan, we construct all such representations and parametrise the deformation space. When , an almost strictly dominating pair is equivalent to the data of an anti‐de Sitter 3‐manifold with specific properties. The results on maximal surfaces provide a parametrisation of the deformation space of such 3‐manifolds as a union of components in a relative representation variety.
Some rational homology computations for diffeomorphisms of odd‐dimensional manifolds
Authors: Ebert Johannes , Reinhold Jens 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe calculate the rational cohomology of the classifying space of the diffeomorphism group of the manifolds , for large and , up to degree . The answer is that it is a free graded commutative algebra on an appropriate set of Miller–Morita–Mumford classes. Our proof goes through the classical three‐step procedure: (a) compute the cohomology of the homotopy automorphisms, (b) use surgery to compare this to block diffeomorphisms, and (c) use pseudoisotopy theory and algebraic ‐theory to get at actual diffeomorphism groups.
Revenue Requirements Method for Assessing the Cost Impact of Fuel Cladding Corrosion in a Supercritical Water-Cooled Small Modular Reactor: A Methodological Review on Life Cycle Costing Corrosion
Authors: Mendoza España Alberto D'Ansi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL) is collaborating in the Joint European Canadian Chinese Development of Small Modular Reactor Technology (ECC-SMART) project to understand the corrosion behavior of the most promising candidate materials for a future supercritical water-cooled – small modular reactor (SCW-SMR). To support this aim and the project's requirements, the present study develops a costing method for assessing the impact of corrosion in a power generation cost model. This cost model builds on a methodological study of various corrosion engineering economics topics in nuclear power generation, such as the expected fuel cladding corrosion phenomena in a supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR) concept and estimating the main corrosion costs categories. This understanding is incorporated in a power generation cost model that applies the revenue requirements approach to life cycle costing (LCC). The LCC includes the main corrosion cost categories and a reliability factor used in assessing power generation costs, the costing of chemical species for controlling corrosion, and the present worth of revenue requirements. The method and model, therefore, provide a framework for understanding the kind of information available and needed for taking economical preventative corrosion measures for the current generation of water-cooled reactors and advanced reactors, such as the SCWR.
Dissecting 20 million years of deep-water forearc sediment routing using an integrated basin-wide Bayesian chronostratigraphic framework
Authors: Coutts Daniel , Hubbard Stephen , Englert Rebecca , Ward Peter , Matthews William 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Sedimentary deposits along convergent margins contain a record of sediment transfer and coupled tectonic processes. Deciphering the evolution of ancient convergent margins, both spatially and temporally, is challenging as their stratigraphic successions are often locally deformed, which makes it difficult to correlate stratigraphic units over large distances, and they may have limited age constraints. Here, we construct a novel Bayesian chronostratigraphic framework for Late Cretaceous–Paleocene units of the Nanaimo forearc basin in western British Columbia, Canada, which reveals unparalleled detail into long-term sedimentation processes along an active deep-water margin. The Upper Nanaimo Group outcrop belt features ~2000 m of forearc basin fill that includes the deposits of multiple submarine channel systems along a 160-km-long depositional strike-oriented cross section of the ancient continental margin. The age and longevity of individual slope-channel systems was determined by constructing a Bayesian Monte Carlo numerical model in which biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic measurements were used to further constrain 37 detrital zircon maximum depositional ages. Important context for the refined maximum depositional ages is provided by a detailed stratigraphic dataset composed of 2199 m of measured stratigraphic section and 4207 paleoflow measurements, which demonstrate the facies, architecture, distribution, and orientation of 12 slope-channel systems. In combination, our results reconstruct the spatio-temporal evolution of coarse-grained, deep-water sediment routing along the paleo-margin and enable the timing of sedimentation to be compared with hinterland and forearc processes. Our integrative approach demonstrates that submarine channel-system deposits of the upper Nanaimo Group cluster into three long-lived fairways (8–18 m.y.), each of which has a unique depositional history. Along-strike variations in the timing of sediment routing, channel-system architecture, and channel-system orientation are interpreted to be driven by local subsidence, magmatism, and subduction-related processes. We show, for the first time, how Bayesian age models can be applied at a basin-scale to produce robust chronostratigraphic frameworks for deciphering basin evolution that provide valuable insight into long-term geodynamic processes.
Stepwise genetic approach for the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia in highly consanguineous populations
Authors: Gatt Dvir , Golan Tripto Inbal , Levanon Eran , Arwas Noga , Hazan Guy , Alkrinawi Soliman , Goldbart Aviv D , Aviram Micha 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe American Thoracic Society guidelines for the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) consider the presence of a bi-allelic pathogenic variant confirmatory for the diagnosis of PCD, with genetic testing recommended when other confirmatory diagnostic tests are less accessible. We present our experience with genetic testing as first line with a proposed algorithm for high consanguinity populations.MethodsPatients with a suspected diagnosis of PCD underwent genetic testing according to a diagnostic algorithm composed of three steps: (1) patients with a previously known causative familial/Bedouin tribal pathogenic variant completed direct testing for a single variant; (2) if the initial test was negative or there was no known pathogenic variant, a PCD genetic panel was completed; (3) if the panel was negative, whole exome sequencing (WES) was completed.ResultsSince the implementation of the protocol, diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing in 21 patients. The majority of them were of Bedouin origin (81%) and had a positive history of consanguinity (65%). Nine patients (43%) had a sibling with a confirmed diagnosis. Most patients (15/21, 71%) were diagnosed by direct pathogenic variant testing and the remainder by genetic panel (19%) and WES (10%). Disease-causing variants were found in nine genes, withDNAL1(24%) andDNAAF3,DNAAF5,ZMYND10(14% each) as the most prevalent ones.ConclusionsIn highly consanguineous regions, a stepwise genetic testing approach is recommended. This approach may be particularly useful in areas where the ability to obtain confirmatory diagnostic tests through other modalities is less accessible.
Head Exposure to Acceleration Database in Sport (HEADSport): a kinematic signal processing method to enable instrumented mouthguard (iMG) field-based inter-study comparisons
Authors: Tierney Gregory , Rowson Steven , Gellner Ryan , Allan David , Iqbal Sadaf , Biglarbeigi Pardis , Tooby James , Woodward James , Payam Amir Farokh 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveInstrumented mouthguard (iMG) systems use different signal processing approaches limiting field-based inter-study comparisons, especially when artefacts are present in the signal. The objective of this study was to assess the frequency content and characteristics of head kinematic signals from head impact reconstruction laboratory and field-based environments to develop an artefact attenuation filtering method (HEADSport filter method).MethodsLaboratory impacts (n=72) on a test-dummy headform ranging from 25 to 150 g were conducted and 126 rugby union players were equipped with iMGs for 209 player-matches. Power spectral density (PSD) characteristics of the laboratory impacts and on-field head acceleration events (HAEs) (n=5694) such as the 95th percentile cumulative sum PSD frequency were used to develop the HEADSport method. The HEADSport filter method was compared with two other common filtering approaches (Butterworth-200Hz and CFC180 filter) through signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and mixed linear effects models for laboratory and on-field events, respectively.ResultsThe HEADSport filter method produced marginally higher SNR than the Butterworth-200Hz and CFC180 filter and on-field peak linear acceleration (PLA) and peak angular acceleration (PAA) values within the magnitude range tested in the laboratory. Median PLA and PAA (and outlier values) were higher for the CFC180 filter than the Butterworth-200Hz and HEADSport filter method (p<0.01).ConclusionThe HEADSport filter method could enable iMG field-based inter-study comparisons and is openly available athttps://github.com/GTBiomech/HEADSport-Filter-Method.
PD-1 checkpoint inhibition enhances the antilymphoma activity of CD19-CAR-iNKT cells that retain their ability to prevent alloreactivity
Authors: Moraes Ribeiro Emmanuelle , Secker Kathy-Ann , Nitulescu Ana-Maria , Schairer Rebekka , Keppeler Hildegard , Wesle Anton , Schmid Hannes , Schmitt Anita , Neuber Brigitte , Chmiest Daniela , Podavini Silvia , Märklin Melanie , Klimovich Boris , Schmitt Michael , Korkmaz Fulya , Lengerke Claudia , Schneidawind Corina , Schneidawind Dominik 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundRelapse and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are the main causes of death after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Preclinical murine models and clinical data suggest that invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells prevent acute and chronic GVHD. In addition, iNKT cells are crucial for efficient immune responses against malignancies and contribute to reduced relapse rates after transplantation. Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) redirect effector cells to cell surface antigens and enhance killing of target cells. With this study, we aimed to combine enhanced cytotoxicity of CD19-CAR-iNKT cells against lymphoma cells with their tolerogenic properties.MethodsiNKT cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and transduced with an anti-CD19-CAR retrovirus. After in vitro expansion, the functionality of CD19-CAR-iNKT cells was assessed by flow cytometry, image stream analysis and multiplex analysis in single-stimulation or repeated-stimulation assays. Moreover, the immunoregulatory properties of CD19-CAR-iNKT cells were analyzed in apoptosis assays and in mixed lymphocyte reactions. The effect of checkpoint inhibition through nivolumab was analyzed in these settings.ResultsIn this study, we could show that the cytotoxicity of CD19-CAR-iNKT cells was mediated either through engagement of their CAR or their invariant T-cell receptor, which may circumvent loss of response through antigen escape. However, encounter of CD19-CAR-iNKT cells with their target induced a phenotype of exhaustion. Consequently, checkpoint inhibition increased cytokine release, cytotoxicity and survival of CD19-CAR-iNKT cells. Additionally, they showed robust suppression of alloreactive immune responses.ConclusionIn this work, we demonstrate that CAR-iNKT cells are a powerful cytotherapeutic option to prevent or treat relapse while potentially reducing the risk of GVHD after allogeneic HCT.
No detrimental association between antibiotic use and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: an observational cohort study comparing patients with ICI-treated and TKI-treated melanoma and NSCLC
Authors: Metselaar-Albers Marjolein , Meijerman Irma , Engels Ferdi , Haanen John , Beijnen Jos , Lalmohamed Arief 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe role of antibiotics in malignancies treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remains unclear. Several studies suggested a detrimental impact of antibiotic use on the response to ICI, but were susceptible to confounding by indication. Our objective was therefore to assess whether the relationship between antibiotic use and ICI response is causative or merely associative.MethodsA large, single-center observational cohort study was performed with individuals treated for either non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) or metastatic melanoma. An effect modification approach was used, aiming to estimate the association between antibiotic use and overall survival (OS) and compare these estimates between individuals receiving first-line ICI treatment versus those receiving first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Exposure of interest was antibiotic use within 30 days before the start of anticancer treatment. HRs for OS were estimated for antibiotics versus no antibiotics in each cohort using multivariable propensity adjusted analysis. The “true antibiotic effect” within the ICI versus TKI cohort was modeled using an interaction term.ResultsA total of 4534 patients were included, of which 1908 in the ICI cohort and 817 in the TKI cohort. Approximately 10% of patients in each cohort used antibiotics within 30 days before the start of anticancer treatment. Our results demonstrate a lack of synergistic interaction between current antibiotic use and ICI therapy in relation to OS: although antibiotic use was significantly associated with OS decline in the ICI cohort (HR=1.26 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.51)), a similar magnitude in OS decline was found within the TKI cohort (HR=1.24 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.62)). This was reflected by the synergy index (HR=0.96 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.31)), which implied no synergistic interaction between current antibiotic use and ICI.ConclusionThis study strongly suggests that there is no causal detrimental association between antibiotic use and ICI therapy outcome when looking at OS in individuals with malignant melanoma or NSCLC. The frequently observed inverse association between antibiotics and ICI response in previous studies is most likely driven by confounding by indication, which was confirmed by the findings in our reference TKI cohort.
Childhood-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by thin-filament sarcomeric variants
Authors: Norrish Gabrielle , Gasparini Marisa , Field Ella , Cervi Elena , Kaski Juan Pablo 
Published: January 2024

Up to 20% of children with sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have disease-causing variants in genes coding for thin-filament proteins. However, data on genotype-phenotype correlations for thin-filament disease are limited. This study describes the natural history and outcomes of children with thin-filament-associated HCM and compares it to thick-filament-associated disease.Longitudinal data were collected from 40 children under 18 years with a disease-causing variant in a thin-filament protein from a single quaternary referral centre. Twenty-one (female n=6, 35.5%) were diagnosed with HCM at a median age of 13.0 years (IQR 8.3–14.0). Over a median follow-up of 5.0 years (IQR 4.0–8.5), three (14.3%) experienced one or more major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (two patients had an out-of-hospital arrest and eight appropriate implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) therapies in three patients). One gene carrier died suddenly at age 9 years. Compared with those with thick-filament disease, children with thin-filament variants more commonly experienced non-sustained ventricular tachycardia [NSVT; n=6 (28.6%) vs n=14 (10.8%), p=0.024] or underwent ICD insertion (thin, n=13 (61.9%) vs thick, n=50 (38.5%), p=0.040). However, there was no difference in the incidence of MACE (thin 2.47/100 pt years (95% CI 0.80 to 7.66) vs thick 3.63/100 pt years (95% CI 2.25 to 5.84)) or an arrhythmic event (thin 1.65/100 pt years (95% CI 0.41 to 6.58) vs thick 2.55/100 pt years (95% CI 1.45 to 4.48), p value 0.43).This study suggests that adverse events in thin-filament disease are predominantly arrhythmic and may occur in the absence of hypertrophy, but overall short-term outcomes do not differ significantly from thick-filament disease.
Plaque characteristics associated with failure of primary balloon angioplasty for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: a retrospective study
Authors: Mei Yuexin , Yu Shan , Li Zhuhao , Chen Hongbing , Zhang Jian , Tan Shuangquan , Zeng Jinsheng , Xing Shihui , Chen Xinran 
Published: January 2024

Background
Primary balloon angioplasty (PBA) is an alternative treatment approach for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS); however, its efficacy may be compromised by arterial dissection or early elastic recoil after balloon dilation. This study aimed to explore the association between plaque characteristics on high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) and failure of PBA for ICAS.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 113 patients with ICAS who underwent HR-VWI before endovascular treatment. Based on the presence of arterial dissection or early elastic recoil post-balloon dilation, patients were classified into the failed PBA (FPBA) group or the successful PBA (SPBA) group. Clinical and baseline HR-VWI characteristics were compared between the two groups. Multivariable analysis was used to investigate plaque features associated with the failure of PBA.

Results
The FPBA and SPBA groups comprised 74 and 39 patients, respectively. Plaque eccentricity (83.78% vs 46.15%, P<0.001), negative remodeling (90.54% vs 48.72%, P<0.001), remodeling index (median 0.73 vs 0.90, P=0.001), and intraplaque hemorrhage (31.08% vs 5.13%, P=0.002) differed significantly between the FPBA and SPBA groups. Multivariable analysis indicated that higher frequency of plaque eccentricity (OR 14.03, 95% CI 3.42 to 57.62, P<0.001) and negative remodeling (OR 6.11, 95% CI 1.22 to 30.71, P=0.028) were independently associated with failure of PBA.

Conclusion
Our findings showed that failure of PBA was associated with plaque eccentricity and negative remodeling. Analysis of plaque characteristics on baseline HR-VWI holds potential value for identifying arterial dissection or early elastic recoil after angioplasty in patients with ICAS.