bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distributed consensus tracking of nonlinear MASs under stochastic switching topologies via aperiodically intermittent control
Authors: Zhao Xiujuan , Chen Shiming , Zhang Zheng , Zheng Yuanshi 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIn this article, we investigate the mean‐square consensus tracking problem of nonlinear MASs subjected to external disturbances under stochastic switching topologies. An aperiodically intermittent control strategy is proposed to guarantee consensus tracking in the mean‐square sense, which depends only on the local state information of the neighbors and the leader. The stochastic switching signal of the interaction topologies is modeled as a continuous‐time Markov process, and the aperiodically intermittent control method is driven by a discrete‐time series of stochastic samples, that are independent of each other. Moreover, several sufficient conditions are established to ensure the feasibility of the control strategy. The proofs are given by employing matrix inequality theory and Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to verify the feasibility of the proposed theoretical results.
Historical accounts provide insight on the geological evolution of the 20th century eruptions at Santorini volcano, Greece
Authors: Drymoni Kyriaki , Browning John , Pomonis Panagiotis , Magganas Andreas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe 20th century eruptions of the Santorini volcano in Greece are the most recent activity of the volcano’s long lifespan. While the different eruptions taking place between 1925 and 1950 have traditionally been considered to exhibit similar eruptive styles, aspects of their evolution and precise information related to the individual eruption dynamics were poorly constrained. This study collates field reports and historical accounts, mainly from the Greek national scientific committee, which was assigned to study the volcanic activity in Nea Kameni Island with recent field campaigns. This analysis provides further insight into these eruptions and attempts to unravel the timing and style of explosive and effusive episodes that took place. Reconstruction of the recent geological evolution and of the eruptive history allow a more complete description of the eruption dynamics and associated unrest. These include fumarolic behaviour, explosion intensity, direction and volume of the lava flows, eruption duration, vent morphological changes (such as craters, domes, and horseshoe ramparts), textural characteristics and lava morphologies, as well as surface fracturing. Specific features related to first-hand accounts of the eruptions and associated products, in conjunction with our in situ post-eruptive geological study, allow an improved reconstruction of activity, both prior to and during the historical eruptions, which contributes to understanding the development of the eruption and enhances the forecast of potential future eruptions from patterns of precursory activity.
An existence and uniqueness result about algebras of Schwartz distributions
Authors: Dias Nuno Costa , Jorge Cristina , Prata João Nuno 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe prove that there exists essentially one minimal differential algebra of distributions $$\mathcal A$$
A
, satisfying all the properties stated in the Schwartz impossibility result [L. Schwartz, Sur l’impossibilité de la multiplication des distributions, 1954], and such that $$\mathcal C_p^{\infty } \subseteq \mathcal A\subseteq \mathcal D' $$

C
p
∞

⊆
A
⊆

D
′

(where $$\mathcal C_p^{\infty }$$

C
p
∞

is the set of piecewise smooth functions and $$\mathcal D'$$

D
′

is the set of Schwartz distributions over $$\mathbb R$$
R
). This algebra is endowed with a multiplicative product of distributions, which is a generalization of the product defined in [N.C.Dias, J.N.Prata, A multiplicative product of distributions and a class of ordinary differential equations with distributional coefficients, 2009]. If the algebra is not minimal, but satisfies the previous conditions, is closed under anti-differentiation and the dual product by smooth functions, and the distributional product is continuous at zero then it is necessarily an extension of $$\mathcal A$$
A
.
Adaptive learning from outcome contingencies in eating-disorder risk groups
Authors: Pike Alexandra C. , Sharpley Ann L. , Park Rebecca J. , Cowen Philip J. , Browning Michael , Pulcu Erdem 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEating disorders are characterised by altered eating patterns alongside overvaluation of body weight or shape, and have relatively low rates of successful treatment and recovery. Notably, cognitive inflexibility has been implicated in both the development and maintenance of eating disorders, and understanding the reasons for this inflexibility might indicate avenues for treatment development. We therefore investigate one potential cause of this inflexibility: an inability to adjust learning when outcome contingencies change. We recruited (n = 82) three groups of participants: those who had recovered from anorexia nervosa (RA), those who had high levels of eating disorder symptoms but no formal diagnosis (EA), and control participants (HC). They performed a reinforcement learning task (alongside eye-tracking) in which the volatility of wins and losses was independently manipulated. We predicted that both the RA and EA groups would adjust their learning rates less than the control participants. Unexpectedly, the RA group showed elevated adjustment of learning rates for both win and loss outcomes compared to control participants. The RA group also showed increased pupil dilation to stable wins and reduced pupil dilation to stable losses. Their learning rate adjustment was associated with the difference between their pupil dilation to volatile vs. stable wins. In conclusion, we find evidence that learning rate adjustment is unexpectedly higher in those who have recovered from anorexia nervosa, indicating that the relationship between eating disorders and cognitive inflexibility may be complex. Given our findings, investigation of noradrenergic agents may be valuable in the field of eating disorders.
Acoustic transmission loss in Hilbert fractal metamaterials
Authors: Comandini Gianni , Ouisse Morvan , Ting Valeska P. , Scarpa Fabrizio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcoustic metamaterials are increasingly being considered as a viable technology for sound insulation. Fractal patterns constitute a potentially groundbreaking architecture for acoustic metamaterials. We describe in this work the behaviour of the transmission loss of Hilbert fractal metamaterials used for sound control purposes. The transmission loss of 3D printed metamaterials with Hilbert fractal patterns related to configurations from the zeroth to the fourth order is investigated here using impedance tube tests and Finite Element models. We evaluate, in particular, the impact of the equivalent porosity and the relative size of the cavity of the fractal pattern versus the overall dimensions of the metamaterial unit. We also provide an analytical formulation that relates the acoustic cavity resonances in the fractal patterns and the frequencies associated with the maxima of the transmission losses, providing opportunities to tune the sound insulation properties through control of the fractal architecture.
Probing the effects of streptomycin on Brassica napus germination and assessing its molecular interactions using extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations
Authors: Patel Rohit , Prajapati Karan , Goswami Dweipayan , Saraf Meenu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAntibiotics are chemical compounds that are used to treat and prevent disease in humans and animals. They have been used in animal feed for over 60 years and are widely used in industrial farming. Antibiotics can have negative environmental impacts, including the potential to contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant organisms. They can enter the environment through various pathways, including the manufacturing process, the direct application of antibiotic-laden manure to fields, and through grazing animals. Antibiotics that are given to animals can be excreted from where they can enter soil and groundwater which enable their entry in plants. Streptomycin is an antibiotic that is used against a range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but its use has led to the development of antibiotic resistance in some pathogens. It has also been shown to have negative impacts on a range of plant species, including tobacco, tomato, and wheat. Although, the major effect of streptomycin on plant physiology have been studied, the molecular mechanisms at play are barely understood in plant body. In current study, we examined the impact of streptomycin on germination of Brassica napus and then using docking, MM-GBBSA and MD simulations identified key proteins that interact with streptomycin by performing rigorous computational screening of 106 different proteins. Our finding suggest that streptomycin might be interacting with acyl-CoA oxidases, protochlorophyllide reductase B and leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase based on simulation and docking analysis.
Historical navigation routes in European waters leave their footprint on the contemporary seascape genetics of a colonial urochordate
Authors: Reem Eitan , Douek Jacob , Rinkevich Baruch 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHumans have intensively sailed the Mediterranean and European Atlantic waters throughout history, from the upper Paleolithic until today and centuries of human seafaring have established complex coastal and cross-seas navigation networks. Historical literature revealed three major long-lasting maritime routes (eastern, western, northern) with four commencing locations (Alexandria, Venice, Genoa, Gibraltar) and a fourth route (circum-Italian) that connected between them. Due to oceangoing and technological constraints, most voyages were coastal, lasted weeks to months, with extended resting periods, allowing the development of fouling organisms on ship hulls. One of the abiding travellers in maritime routes is the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri already known since the eighteenth century in European and Mediterranean ports. This species, was almost certainly one of the common hull fouling travellers in all trade routes for centuries. Employing COI haplotypes (1008 samples) and microsatellite alleles (995 samples) on colonies sampled from 64 pan-European sites, present-day Botryllus populations in the Mediterranean Sea/European Atlantic revealed significant segregation between all four maritime routes with a conspicuous partition of the northern route. These results reveal that past anthropogenic transports of sedentary marine species throughout millennia long seafaring have left their footprint on contemporary seascape genetics of marine organisms.
Formulation of lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles of the phytochemical Fisetin and its in vivo assessment against severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Awadeen Randa Hanie , Boughdady Mariza Fouad , Zaghloul Randa A. , Elsaed Wael M. , Abu Hashim Irhan Ibrahim , Meshali Mahasen Mohamed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFisetin (FST) is a naturally occurring flavonol that has recently emerged as a bioactive phytochemical with an impressive array of biological activities. To the author knowledge, boosting the activity of FST against severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) through a nanostructured delivery system (Nanophytomedicine) has not been achieved before. Thereupon, FST-loaded lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (FST-loaded LPHNPs) were prepared through conjoined ultrasonication and double emulsion (w/o/w) techniques. Comprehensive in vitro and in vivo evaluations were conducted. The optimized nanoparticle formula displayed a high entrapment efficiency % of 61.76 ± 1.254%, high loading capacity % of 32.18 ± 0.734, low particle size of 125.39 ± 0.924 nm, low particle size distribution of 0.357 ± 0.012, high zeta potential of + 30.16 ± 1.416 mV, and high mucoadhesive strength of 35.64 ± 0.548%. In addition, it exhibited a sustained in vitro release pattern of FST. In the in vivo study, oral pre-treatment of FST-loaded LPHNPs protected against l-arginine induced SAP and multiple organ injuries in rats compared to both FST alone and plain LPHNPs, as well as the untreated group, proven by both biochemical studies, that included both amylase and lipase activities, and histochemical studies of pancreas, liver, kidney and lungs. Therefore, the study could conclude the potential efficacy of the novel phytopharmaceutical delivery system of FST as a prophylactic regimen for SAP and consequently, associated multiple organ injuries.
Threshold effect of technological innovation on carbon emission intensity based on multi-source heterogeneous data
Authors: Zhao Xiaochun , Xu Huixin , Yin Shi , Zhou Ying 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt is of much importance to clarify the impact of technological innovation on carbon emission intensity for the low-carbon transformation of China's economy. This study, based on the panel data of 30 Chinese provinces and municipalities from 2010 to 2020, measures and analyzes the carbon emission intensity and the level of technological innovation, establishing a spatial econometric model to study the spatial spillover effect and a panel threshold model to analyze the nonlinear influence of technological innovation level on carbon emission intensity. The findings are as follows: First, the overall carbon emission intensity in China shows a decreasing trend from 2010 to 2020, with the average dropping from 3.09 in 2010 to 1.98 in 2020; Second, the spatial autocorrelation results reveal that the level of technological innovation and carbon emission intensity in China are obviously aggregated in the global spatial distribution pattern. Third, the regression results of the spatial econometric model show that the direct effect of technological innovation on carbon emission intensity is significantly negative at the level of 1%, that is, the improvement of the technological innovation in a certain area has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emission intensity. Fourth, based on the level of economic development, there is a significant three-threshold effect of the level of technological innovation on carbon emission intensity in China, and the influence of the level of technological innovation on carbon emission intensity varies in the direction of existence and coefficient values within different threshold intervals. As economic development reaches the third interval, the technological innovation level has the most significant inhibition on carbon emission intensity. These findings enriches the research of the nonlinear relationship between technological innovation and carbon emission intensity, clarifies the spatial spillover effect and threshold effect between among them, and provides inspiration for better promote the low-carbon transformation of economy.
Effect of sodium fluorescein strip application on cornea parameters commonly used in laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis
Authors: Han Dongmei , Xie Wenjuan , Yuan Muqu , Cui Jing , Wang Qifeng , Zhang Qingsong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo assess the effect of sodium fluorescein (NaF) strip on corneal parameters commonly used in Laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Eighty-six subjects (172 eyes) scheduled for LASIK were recruited between January and March 2022. The study and statistical analysis test were conducted in April 2022. Topographic measurements of corneal parameters, including central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior keratometric (K) readings (K1, flat keratometry; K2, steep keratometry), horizontal corneal diameter (white to white, WTW), and corneal asphericity (Q value), were obtained using a Scheimpflug device (Pentacam) before and 10 min after NaF strip treatmentThe Pentacam recorded a small significant increase in CCT (mean 538.88 ± 28.78 μm to 547.90 ± 29.94 μm; p < .001), with no differences in K1 and K2 (mean 42.24 ± 1.35D to 42.24 ± 1.35D, and mean 43.34 ± 1.50D to 43.32 ± 1.51D; P > .05, for all) as well as WTW(mean 11.58 ± 0.32 mm to 11.58 ± 0.32 mm, P > .05) before and after NaF strip intervention. Furthermore, there was no significant difference was observed in Q value (mean − 0.30 ± 0.13 to − 0.30 ± 0.14, P > .05). These results indicate that clinicians should avoid NaF strip application before obtaining precise topographic measurements of cornea parameters using the Pentacam.
A rare case of a sporadic retroperitoneal hemangioblastoma
Authors: Malagic Polutak Maida , Hartel Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hemangioblastoma is a rare, benign, and morphologically distinctive tumor. In most cases, the tumor involves the central nervous system. Extraneural occurrences are rare, with just a few reports of hemangioblastoma situated outside of neural tissue, such as the retroperitoneum. We report a case of sporadic retroperitoneal hemangioblastoma in an 87-year-old male patient, diagnosed as an incidental finding in a CT scan performed because of kidney stone disease. The CT scan showed a mass in the retroperitoneum posterior to the inferior vena cava. The patient reported no remarkable symptoms. We describe our path to diagnosis, the possible differential diagnosis for retroperitoneal masses, and the histopathologic features of the tumor. There are &lt;250 reported extra neuraxial hemangioblastomas and just 14 reported cases situated outside of the neural tissue. Our case is the eighth case report of a hemangioblastoma arising from the soft tissue of the retroperitoneum.
Approaching Children’s Literature
Authors: Hunt Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Children’s literature is a remarkable area of writing: it is one of the roots of western culture, it is enjoyed passionately by adults as well as by children, and it has exercised huge talents over hundreds of years. It involves and integrates words and pictures, it overlaps into other modes—video, oral storytelling—and other art forms. For both adults and children it serves the purpose that ‘literature’ is frequently claimed to serve: it absorbs, it possesses, and is possessed; its demands are very immediate, involving, and powerful.
Percentage of population who smoke
Authors: Wald Nicholas , Nicolaides-Bouman Ans 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Information on the percentages of men and women in the population who smoke is available from 1948 onwards, when the TRC/TAC surveys started. From 1972 data are also available from the GHS. According to TAC data, the percentage of men who smoke manufactured cigarettes fell from 65 per cent in 1948 to 34 per cent in 1987. The percentage of men who smoke hand¬ rolled cigarettes fell slightly from 13 per cent in 1961 to 10 per cent in 1987. (Men who smoke both manufactured and hand-rolled cigarettes are included in both figures.) GHS data indicate a decline in the percentage of men who smoke cigarettes (manufactured and hand¬ rolled) from 52 per cent in 1972 to 33 per cent in 1988.
Smoking habits: by age
Authors: Wald Nicholas , Nicolaides-Bouman Ans 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Information on smoking habits at different ages is available from the TAC from 1948, and from the GHS from 1972. The age groups used by the 1)C changed in 1976. Before 1976 the TAC used the age groups 16-19, 20-24, 25-34, 35-59,.and 60+ years, oraltematively, 16- 19, 20-24, 25-34, 35-49, 50-59, 60+ years; from 1976 onwards the age groups 16-24, 25-34, 35-49, 50-64, and 65+ years have been used. In most tables containing TAC data, those for 1975 are presented according to both old and new groupings; the discontinuities caused by these changes are indicated on the relevant graphs by a vertical line.
Ex-smokers and persons who have never smoked
Authors: Wald Nicholas , Nicolaides-Bouman Ans 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The TAC provides data on ex-smokers of any form of tobacco and on persons who have never smoked any form of tobacco, classified according to age from 1956-1987, and according to social class from 1975-1987. From 1969 onwards these data have been sales¬ adjusted to correspond with the sales-adjustment that was applied to the percentage of smokers.
The consumption of cigarettes by cigarette type (plain/filter/hand-rolled) and by tar yield
Authors: Wald Nicholas , Nicolaides-Bouman Ans 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
TAC data show that, in 1961, 83 per cent of men and 64 per cent of women smokers of manufactured cigarettes usually smoked plain cigarettes. The switch to filter cigarettes began in the 1950s, quickened in the 1960s, and by 1971 plain cigarettes were smoked by only 23 per cent of men and 10 per cent of women who smoked manufactured cigarettes. This change to filters took place most quickly among young adults; by 1987 most plain cigarette smokers were aged 50 and over. Plain cigarettes are more popular with men than with women and more popular with social classes IV, V and VI than with other classes.
Smoking habits: by region
Authors: Wald Nicholas , Nicolaides-Bouman Ans 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this section, TAC data on the consumption of all tobacco products per person and per smoker in England and Wales and in Scotland between 1956 and 1981 are presented. Also included is the prevalence of cigarette smoking by region between 1974 and 1988 from the GHS.
Children and smoking
Authors: Wald Nicholas , Nicolaides-Bouman Ans 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Data on the smoking habits of children are available from different surveys from 1966 to 1988 and the results are summarized in this section. As one would expect, the adoption of smoking increases steadily as children progress through secondary school. In the 1960s and 1970s, the prevalence of regular smoking (defined as smoking one cigarette or more a week in most surveys) was higher among boys than girls. In the late 1980s the proportion of children smoking was lower than in the early 1980s. Smoking declined more markedly among boys and by 1988 smoking was more prevalent among girls than boys.
Cigarette smoking and age at natural menopause
Authors: Baron John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Women who smoke cigarettes have consistently been found to have a natural menopause at an earlier age than women who do not smoke. Expressed asa difference of median menopausal ages, currently smoking women have a menopause one to two years earlier than never smokers. Expressed as prevalence odds ratios, currently smoking women have a relative risk of 1.6 to 2.0 of being menopausal. Ex-smokers appear to have only a small excess risk of menopause, suggesting that the effect of smoking is reversible. Possible mechanisms for these associations include direct toxic effects on the ovaries, interference in gonadotropin release, and alteration in metabolism of sex steroids.
Hyperemesis gravidarum, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis: effects of cigarette smoking on risk
Authors: Ross Ronald K , Bernstein Leslie , Vessey Martin P , Henderson Brian E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is substantial evidence that smoking produces an ‘anti-oestrogen’ effect (Baron 1984). This important consequence of smoking appears to be the end result of a number of metabolic pathways: altered hepatic metabolism of endogenously-derived oestrogens (Michnovicz et al. 1986), early ovarian failure (Willett et al. 1983), reduced circulating levels of orally ingested exogenous oestrogens (Jensen et al. 1985), and, possibly, reduced ovarian oestrogen production (MacMahon et al. 1982).
Cigarette smoking and benign breast disease
Authors: Rohan Thomas E , Baron John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The rubric ‘benign breast disease’ (BBD) encompasses a wide range of histological conditions, many of which may not actually be diseases (Love et al. 1982). The histological heterogeneity of the process, together with the lack of a universally accepted classification scheme for it, complicate study of its aetiology. Commonly, however, these conditions are either examined collectively as BBD, or the major subcomponents of BBD (fibrocystic disease, itself a collective term, and fibroadenoma) are identified for separate study.