bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Getting Started (Again)
Authors: Schneider Pat , Elbow Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A writer is someone who writes. You have done it; you have expressed yourself on paper. Getting started is almost always picking up an old dream, an old desire. Getting started is usually getting started again.
Frequently at writers’ conferences people ask what may seem to be irrelevant questions: What kind of pen do you use when you write? Do you write your first drafts on lined paper, or blank? Do you write at a typewriter or computer or with a pencil or fountain pen? Do you write in the daytime or at night?
Actually, questions about the intimate details and habits of the writing life are not irrelevant; beginning or blocked writers know instinctively that these are important matters. They have to do with getting started, with keeping going. Each of us has idiosyncrasies, habits, and inclinations, and those peculiar traits are often linked closely to our creativity. Of course, what truly matters is not what works for the famous writer at the conference but rather what works for you.
Writing Practice: The Journal
Authors: Schneider Pat , Elbow Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Writing is an art form. Like all other art forms it requires practice. The act of writing is the only way to become a better writer, just as getting out onto the ice with skates fastened to your feet is the only way to become a better skater. One of the problems with assuming that only rare human beings are born with genius is that it does a disservice to those with great accomplishment, as well as to those who believe they just don’t have “what it takes.” Itzhak Perlman, the great violinist, said, “If I miss practice one day, I know it. If I miss practice two days, the critics know it. If I miss practice three days, everybody knows it.”
The Ethical Questions: Spirituality, Privacy, and Politics
Authors: Schneider Pat , Elbow Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Any consideration of ethical questions in writing will of necessity touch our most primal spiritual orientation. What do we value? What are our commitments? Where do we take a stand on issues of importance to our own generation and possibly to those who come after us?
Whether we write as an act of personal discovery, as a form of prayer in the sense of the deepest cry and search of our spirits, or as a means of having a voice in the world, writing can be a fundamental act of the human spirit.
In 1934 Dorothea Brande put forth the idea of writing “morning pages” in Becoming a Writer.
Using Writing to Empower the Silenced
Authors: Schneider Pat , Elbow Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When I met for the first time with a group of low-income women, at night in an office building in an old mill town in Massachusetts, I had no idea that my life and their lives were about to change. “Big time,” I can almost hear Robin say. She was homeless in that first year, but too proud to let any of us know that she and her three small children were living in her old car, getting food and showers at various shelters. Robin later said she was planning to kill the children and then kill herself. Things were that bad.
Carnivorous Land Snail Tasmaphena lamproides in Tasmania: Effects of Forest Harvesting
Authors: Regan Tracey J , Bonham Kevin J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tasmaphena lamproides (Cox 1868) is a carnivorous land snail that inhabits native forests in northwest Tasmania, Australia. Suitable habitat for the species encompasses approximately 380 km2 of forest areas in the northwest corner of Tasmania, with the total range extending to the main land in Victoria. Due to its small range, the species is currently listed as rare under the Tasmanian Threatened Species Protection Act (1995). Much of the species habitat is within timber production forest, an area administered by Forestry Tasmania. Future use of the area involves converting native forest to eucalypt plantations or harvesting native forest followed by burning to promote regeneration. Forestry Tasmania’s management decisions require consideration of the competing demands for timber production and conservation of this sensitive species to ensure that the forest activities are sustainable. The purpose of this study was to develop a model of T. lamproides in order to provide managers with a decision support tool with which they can explore the trade-offs between timber production requirements and conservation of the species under various management scenarios.
Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) in Western Switzerland: Viability and Management of an Endangered Grouse Metapopulation
Authors: Sachot SÉbastien , Perrin Nicolas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Capercaillie, the largest European grouse, is listed as Threatened in western, central, and southeastern Europe (IUCN 1996). Though the species still occupies most of its original range throughout northern Europe and Asia, western and central European populations have experienced important declines and local extinctions over the past decades (Storch 2000), owing to habitat losses and human disturbance (Ménoni et al. 1994, Storch 1994). Rainy conditions during egg incubation and young rearing, as well as predation (Storch 1991), can locally amplify population decline. Remnant populations are restricted to mountain regions where habitats are often isolated and fragmented (Blair et al. 1997). In Switzerland, concerns raised by capercaillie’s rapid decline resulted in financial support for silvicultural practices that would improve its habitat conditions. Political pressure to invest money in a cost-effective way called for a comprehensive approach aimed at identifying crucial life history stages, key populations parameters, and potential effects of habitat improvements.
Seaside Sparrows (Ammodramus maritimus) in Connecticut: Projected Effects of Sea-Level Rise
Authors: Shriver W Gregory , Gibbs James P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Global average surface temperature is projected to increase by 1.4 to 5.80 °C between 1900 and 2100 (International Panel on Climate Change 2001), largely due to human industrial activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas). Rising sea levels predominantly associated with oceanic thermal expansion are one consequence of changes in surface temperatures (Titus et al. 1991). Although according to some estimates, average sea-level rise is predicted to be 50 cm by the year 2100 (Houghton 1999, International Panel on Climate Change 2001), there have been few attempts to estimate the magnitude of the adverse effects that these coastal ecosystems and, in particular, the species these unique habitats support may experience (Donnelly and Barnes 2001). Salt marshes are coastal ecosystems dominated by halophytic plants and exposed to daily inundation of saline water. Because salt marsh ecosystems are transitional between terrestrial and marine environments, they are particularly susceptible to sea-level rise at their outer boundaries and lowest elevations (Simas et al. 2001). Historically, salt marshes could expand and retreat with changes in sea level, but presently in many areas there is little opportunity for marshes to migrate inland as the advance is blocked by dense human settlements along the coastal fringe (Alexander et al. 1986, Chabreck 1988, Bildstein et al. 1991).
Wandering Albatross (Diomedea exulans chionoptera) in the Southern Oceans: Effects of Dispersal and Density Dependence on the Persistence of an Island Metapopulation
Authors: Inchausti Pablo , Weimerskirch Henri 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Spatially explicit metapopulation models, in which local population dynamics result from the interplay between local and regional environmental variability and dispersal from nearby populations, have become an important research direction in conservation biology. By allowing populations that experienced declines to recover through dispersal from other nearby populations, metapopulation models explicitly assess the impact of the degradation, destruction, and fragmentation of natural habitats, and this is probably the single most impotant cause of the current biodiversity crisis (Heywood and Watson 1995). While studies of dispersal have focused on terrestrial animals, very little information exists for marine animals for obvious logistical reasons. Pelagic seabirds breed on islands scattered over open waters—that is, on highly fragmented breeding habitats—and, while they are thought to have a high philopatry (Warham 1990), there is scant evidence of actual dispersal rates among colonies or islands (Ainley et al. 1990, Pyle 2001, Russell 1999), especially for those breeding on remote scattered oceanic islands like pelagic petrels and albatrosses.
A Putatively Banned Type of Raising
Authors: Postal Paul M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Syntacticians are a notoriously argumentative lot given to (sometimes) acrimonious disputes, and few, if any, syntactic conclusions have achieved uniform endorsement. One might therefore assume that a point on that a broad consensus of syntactic opinion has been reached is one that can be accorded some confidence. Notable then is that during the 1980s and 1990s proponents of the three most widely appealed to contemporary views of NL syntax, that is, the government binding (GB), lexical functional grammar (LFG), and head-driven phrase structure grammar (HPSG) frameworks, all came to a common conclusion. Namely, although as a consequence of very different principles internal to each of these views, a certain type of syntactic raising was taken to be impossible. One might be tempted then to infer that this conclusion is now a well-established fact of NL syntax. In the framework of skeptical essays, however, caution is evidently in order.
Junk Syntax 2: “There Remain a Few As Yet Unexplained Exceptions”
Authors: Postal Paul M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the now nearly five decades during which the ideas of generative transformational grammar have been applied to English syntax, passive constructions such as (1) have been a continuing focus: If these ideas were sound, one could today reasonably expect a basic analysis that embodied a core of insight into English passive structures to have emerged. Such has often been implied, as in the implicit suggestion in (2), which yielded the title of this chapter, that the only problems that persisted (as of 1977; presumably even a few of those would have since been resolved) are at the margins: I am aware of no repudiation since by the author of this remarkably optimistic view of the level of success achieved by his transformational movement view of English passivization.
Junk Linguistics: The Bottom Line
Authors: Postal Paul M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I assume the previous seven chapters have given good grounds for the belief that junk linguistics is not only existent but also widespread and well entrenched. This raises the inevitable question of how to deal with it. My suggestions are these: It seems proper and reasonable to consider junk linguistics as a kind of pollution of the scholarly environment. Viewed from that vantage point, if one wants less of it, then one should proceed as in (1)–(5): No matter what one’s place in the linguistic world, with respect to junk linguistics:
Of The First Serious Enemies And Of The First Russian A-Bomb
Authors: Pais Abraham 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Oppenheimer had emerged from the war as an American hero. In 1945 he had been considered for nomination to a California Congress seat. In 1946 the War Department had called him “a man of boundless energy, rare common sense, great personal charm, and possessing tremendous organizational abilities.” In a White House press release (also from 1946), he was described as “an outstanding theoretical physicist with the broadest insight into all the problems in the development of atomic energy . . . a very helpful citizen . . . [who had the confidence] of the armed services.” President Truman wrote of him: “More than any other man, Oppenheimer is to be credited with the achievement of the completed bomb.”
Atomic Politics In The Early 1950S
Authors: Pais Abraham 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Throughout most of the Truman administration, military leaders had been reluctant to have an air defense system worked out in any detail. The Vista proposal for a secondary role of SAC had been considered too controversial, as had the Lincoln proposals for air defense. It was not until January 1953, when the Republican Eisenhower administration took over, that a definite defense policy was enacted, named “The New Look,” sanctioned by newly elected Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Attention, Representation, and Affiliation
Authors: Charon Rita 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Many of us in narrative medicine have learned how writing in nontechnical language about our patients helps us to perceive them, to interpret what they do, to acknowledge our own emotional responses to their plight, and to cohere all that we receive about them. Many health care professionals and educators have been attracted to narrative writing as a road toward empathy and reflection in clinical work.1 More and more clinical settings offer trainees and health care professionals opportunities for reflective writing. Nursing students keep reflective journals as they proceed through clinical training.2 First-year medical students are asked to write about their feelings in dissecting the human body.3 Preclinical students in courses on the doctor-patient relationship write about their patients’ lives.4 Medical students are encouraged to write fiction or poetry to foster sensitivity and humane care.5 Students and residents write of “critical incidents” to understand their own experiences.6 House officers write naturalistic descriptions of what they learn about their patients while making house calls.7 Physicians write of the meaningful experiences in their practice to process their clinical work.8 Doctors, nurses, and social workers together write in narrative oncology sessions about their care of in-patients on the hospital units they staff.9
Fathers and Sons
Authors: Bliss Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘ My darling father. I can’t wait. I can’t wait for that minute when I see your darling face again. It seems as though I had not seen you for a century or longer …If you come in the night come up in Mary’s and my room and take me up in your arms and then I will never let go of you.’ Ten-year-old Betsey wept joyfully when her father, back from the war, stepped off the train in Boston on February 20, 1919. Gus the chauffeur had bedecked the car in flags and brought all the children; he held baby Barbara in his arms.
A Conclusion in Which Almost Nothing is Concluded Middlemarch”s “Finale”
Authors: Miller J Hillis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The “finale,” it would seem likely, is the place to look for an “ending” to Middlemarch, drawing all its threads tight.The finale, however, it turns out, ends the novel only by presenting generalizations about openness. The first sentence of the finale says this clearly enough: “Every limit is a beginning as well as an ending.” The novel”s eighth book, of which the finale is a part, is entitled “Sunset and Sunrise.” What this might mean is indicated by what is said proleptically in the finale about the future lives of Dorothea and the other characters. The marriages of Dorothea and Will, Fred Vincy and Mary Garth, end the narrative conventionally enough. The narrator reminds the reader, however, that marriage, too, is a beginning as well as an ending, in real life and in realistic fiction, as well as in epics and in the Bible: “Marriage, which has been the bourne of so many narratives, is still a great beginning, as it was to Adam and Eve, who kept their honeymoon in Eden but had their first little one among the thorns and thistles of the wilderness. It is still the beginning of the home epic” (finale, 779).
Losing for Profit
Authors: Siegel Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the climate of surrender that hangs over George Eliot”s novels, there is no shelter for those who clutch. Hetty Sorrel with her dreams of being a lady, Silas Marner with his golden coins, Tito Melema with his burgeoning reputation”all of these characters find that they must painfully and inevitably lose hold of the things they value most. Many of Eliot”s readers have commented on the drama of release that plays itself out over and over again in her fiction. One traditional form of moral release lies in the movement from egotism to altruism, a movement frequently identified by critics as the key to Eliot”s social vision. In exceptional moments of sympathy, moments often arising from sorrow and humiliation (like the kind that besets Silas Marner when he loses his gold), characters shake off the chains of self-absorption and enter the wider world of fellow feeling. Having lost the objects they are most attached to, these people look for new resources in the community they had shunned.
Narrative Vision in Middlemarch the Novel Compared with the BBC Television Adaptation
Authors: Lothe Jakob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What exactly did Virginia Woolf have in mind when, in a deservedly famous statement, she described Middlemarch as “one of the few English novels written for grown-up people”?1 We cannot know for certain, of course, but Woolf was probably thinking of not just one but several of the novel”s characteristic features. She may have been reflecting on the ways in which its constituent aspects”narrative, structural, thematic, metaphorical”interact in the formation of an exceptionally complex and multifaceted narrative discourse. More specifically, she may have been thinking of the diverse functions and effects of George Eliot”s third-person narrator”a narrator who, even though she is possessed of the powers and characteristics of realist narration, anticipates the narrators Woolf employs in novels such as Mrs Dalloway and To the Lighthouse. This essay will discuss how Eliot uses the literary device of a third-person narrator in order to present, and cumulatively enrich and complicate, her narrative vision in Middlemarch. I will also discuss how this vision can be presented on film.
Neurology And Trauma
Authors: Evans Randolph W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Disorders due to trauma to the head, spine, and peripheral nerves are among the most common seen by neurologists, neurosurgeons, and emergency physicians. This is the comprehensive definitive work on the subject, offering coverage on a wide range of clinical issues. There are comprehensive sections on head trauma, spinal trauma, plexus and peripheral nerve injuries, post-traumatic pain syndromes, sports and neurologic trauma, environmental trauma, posttraumatic sequelae and medicolegal aspects, and iatrogenic trauma. For the second edition, the editor has added 11 new chapters, and the existing chapters will be thoroughly revised and updated. Randolph Evans is a highly regarded neurologist and an excellent editor, ensuring effective coverage of all topics and a consistent manner of presentation.
Assessment of vitamin B6 status
Authors: Gibson Rosalind S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The term “vitamin B6” is used as the generic descriptor for 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine derivatives that exhibit the biological activity of pyridoxine in rats. The requirement for vitamin B6 is linked to the intake of protein and the function of the vitamin in amino acid metabolism. The adult human has only a small body pool of this vitamin (20–30 mg), which is rapidly depleted when intakes of the vitamin are inadequate. Most of the vitamin B6 in the body pool is in the form of pyridoxal-5/-phosphate (PLP) in muscle bound to phosphorylase.
Semantic Amnesia
Authors: Papanicolaou Andrew C , Billingsley-Marshall Rebecca , Molfese, David , Novak Barbra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Semantic amnesia is a syndrome that results from temporal lobe lesions that are restricted to the neocortex and do not include the hippocampus or any other limbic areas. This syndrome was briefly discussed in the previous chapter, in the context of the temporal variant of frontotemporal dementia. Yet, several reasons compel us to revisit it here and devote a separate chapter to it. To begin with, the syndrome is not exclusively due to degenerative diseases; other, non-progressive lesions may also cause it. More importantly, its nature raises basic questions: Is the syndrome distinct from other forms of loss of knowledge, namely aphasia and agnosia, and, if so, how? Do episodic and semantic memories entail the same or different sets of mnemonic operations and cerebral mechanisms, and how is the meaning of facts, concepts, and symbols coded and arranged in the cortex? These are questions, in short, that merit special treatment.
Limbic Amnesia
Authors: Billingsley-Marshall Rebecca , Simos Panagiotis G , Papanicolaou Andrew C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Damage to the limbic system results in anterograde and retrograde deficits in explicit memory, with the most consistent symptom across patients being anterograde episodic amnesia. As described in Chapter 2, the limbic circuit that was characterized by Papez (1937) includes the medial temporal lobe structures (hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, entorhinal cortex, and perirhinal cortex), the mammillary bodies and mammillothalamic tract, and the anterior thalamus. The limbic system also includes the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus, the nuclei of the basal forebrain, and the amygdala. In this chapter, we describe, with the aid of several case studies, the clinical presentation typically associated with lesions in three sets of regions within the limbic system: the medial temporal lobes, the thalamic nuclei and the mammillary bodies (i.e., diencephalic structures), and the basal forebrain.
Divine Evil
Authors: Lewis David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Standard versions of the argument from evil concern the evils God fails to prevent: the pain and suffering of human beings and non-human animals, and the sins people commit. The most ambitious versions of the argument claim that the existence of evil is logically incompatible with the existence of an omnipotent, omniscient, and completely benevolent deity. More-cautious approaches maintain that the existence of pain and sin ought to make us skeptical about any such deity. Or that the extent of the suffering in the millions of years of sentient life on Earth gives us strong reason to think no such deity exists. Or that particular cases of extreme anguish and human cruelty make belief in this sort of deity irrational. And so on.
Schubert’s Gretchen am Spinnrade: Latest Results of a Manuscript Study
Authors: Schenker Heinrich 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For whom has this musical notation not been an old friend since childhood! On closer examination, however, we find significant differences when compared with the familiar reading, and can only wonder that it has taken us any time at all to notice them. The new reading is taken from Schubert’s autograph manuscript. Previously owned by Nikolaus Dumba, and now the property of the Vienna City Council, it has been published for the first time by the noted Schubert scholar O. E. Deutsch in volume 4 of Musikalische Seltenheiten (Vienna: Universal Edition).