bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on forecasting model of corporate financial crisis based on pattern recognition and artificial intelligence
Authors: Li Dongyun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In today’s rapid development of the economic environment, the company’s financial crisis can significantly reflect the enterprise crisis, and it has a significant impact on the development of the enterprise. Therefore, the prediction of the company’s financial crisis and the establishment of an early warning system have important practical significance. Based on the method of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence, this paper establishes a new forecasting model of corporate financial crisis, predicts its financial index data and realises the dynamic financial crisis warning. The model developed in this paper employs pattern recognition and artificial intelligence, and is thus endowed with high classification accuracy, good anti-noise ability and the ability to be sorted according to the importance of its index features.
Effectiveness and duration of two-arch fixed appliance treatment
Authors: Chew Ming Tak , Sandham Andrew 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aims of this study were to determine the effectiveness and duration of single-phase two-arch fixed appliance treatment and to evaluate factors that may influence these two variables. Data were collected from 177 consecutively completed cases at the Orthodontic Department, Government Dental Clinic, Singapore, during a three-month period. Pre-treatment and post-treatment models were assessed using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index. The result showed that two-arch fixed appliance treatment reduced the malocclusions on average by 77.80 per cent over a period of 25 months. Multiple regression techniques revealed that 22 per cent of the variability in treatment effectiveness could be explained by the pre-treatment PAR score, the age at the start of treatment, the frequency of office visits and whether or not the treatment involved extractions. The variation in treatment duration was due to the frequency of office visits, the pre-treatment PAR score and whether or not the treatment involved extractions or headgear.
Treatment of an “ankylosed” upper central incisor in the mixed dentition
Authors: Cerny Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A ten-year-old boy presented with an unerupted upper right central incisor (UR1). An OPG radiograph showed a super-numerary tooth lying over its crown, preventing its eruption. Standard orthodontic treatment involving removal of the super-numerary tooth, attaching a gold chain to the UR1 and treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances failed to bring the tooth down, until it was found that tough fibrous gingival tissue entwined in the gold chain had “ankylosed” the tooth. Once this tissue had been removed and the wound packed open, the tooth was brought down successfully into occlusion.
A comparison of retention rates of brackets with thermally-cured and light-cured custom bases in indirect bonding procedures
Authors: Miles Peter G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study compared the retention rates of thermally-cured (TC) and light-cured (LC) custom bases attached to metal mini-diamond brackets and clear Spirit MB brackets, when used in indirect bonding procedures. The custom base comprised either the light-cured or thermally-cured material attached to the bracket base and prepared in the laboratory, the whole unit later being bonded to the natural teeth. Thirty consecutively treated patients had fixed appliances fitted in both arches, with Spirit MB brackets on the maxillary anterior teeth, and metal brackets on the maxillary posterior and all mandibular teeth. All brackets were bonded using either the LC or TC method. All procedures and treatment was by the same operator, using identical techniques. Observation was for six months. All bonding failures were recorded. The results indicated no significant differences in the retention rates of either of the custom-base materials when used with metal brackets. However, the Spirit MB brackets exhibited a significantly higher bonding failure rate when a TC custom base was used. It was therefore concluded that either material could be used in the indirect bonding of metal brackets, and that LC custom bases should be used in the indirect bonding of Spirit MB brackets.
Facial aesthetics in Orthodontics
Authors: Jay Bowman S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Current trends in orthodontic care emphasise alternatives to the extraction of premolars, despite a lack of support from the refereed literature for many of the non-extraction treatments. Anecdotal reports published in non peer-reviewed journals have called into question the aesthetic effects of extraction treatment. As calls for evidence-based treatments increase throughout dentistry, reports on the effects—both positive and negative— of different orthodontic options have appeared in growing numbers. Given the results of a variety of reports in the peer-reviewed literature, it may be concluded that orthodontic treatment involving extractions can produce improved aesthetics for many patients who have some combination of crowding and protrusion. However, careful diagnosis followed by evidence-based treatment decisions should be the accepted clinical norm as the specialty of Orthodontics embarks on its second century.
Bonding to previously bleached teeth
Authors: Homewood Christopher (Kip) , Tyas Martin , Woods Michael 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Some authors have reported a decrease in the bond strength of restorative composite resin to previously bleached enamel. Since there has been an increase in the number of adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment, this study was undertaken to determine whether the act of bleaching would somehow affect the bonding of orthodontic brackets to enamel surfaces. Sixty extracted premolar teeth were divided into 6 groups of 10, for comparison of the shear/peel bond strength of orthodontic brackets to enamel using light-cured composite resin cement and a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement. For each material, one group of teeth was used for bonding to unbleached enamel, and the other two for bonding to enamel at 24 hours and 14 days after bleaching. The experimental method simulated clinical procedures as closely as possible. No significant difference in the shear/peel bond strength was found between the bleached and the unbleached groups. It was concluded, therefore, that at-home bleaching with Nite Lite does not affect the shear/peel bond strength of light-cured composite resin and resin-modified glass-ionomer cements used for bracket bonding.
Non-extraction Tip-Edge appliance management of a moderate Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion commenced in the late mixed dentition
Authors: Kift Russell J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This case presentation concerns the correction of a moderate Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion of a patient whose treatment began during the late mixed dentition. Owing to the need to preserve and improve the existing facial aesthetics, treatment was started with a non-extraction approach and, in order to exploit favourable dentofacial growth changes and to avoid the possibility of extraction of teeth, was timed to coincide with the patient’s expected adolescent growth spurt. Fixed appliances only were used. Special consideration had to be made for the patient’s fractured upper central incisor teeth. An aesthetically pleasing treatment outcome was achieved within the expected time frame for correction. The case shows the successful combination of typical Begg mechanotherapy used during the early stages of treatment and Tip-Edge rectangular archwire mechanotherapy as used for the later and finishing stages.
Finishing occlusion in Class II or Class III molar relation: Therapeutic Class II and III
Authors: Nangia Annu , Ali Darendeliler M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The most frequent extraction regime consists of the removal of upper and lower premolars. Depending on anchorage requirements, camouflage treatment options, surgical intervention, or the absence of teeth in only one arch, it may become necessary to finalise the occlusion with a one-dental-unit discrepancy between the upper and lower dental arches. Guidelines are presented for finishing occlusions in Class II or Class III molar relation.
Varying treatments of Class II malocclusions: Two case reports
Authors: Malek Sameh , Rapaport Morris , Ali Darendeliler M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Two female patients, JH aged 13 years 5 months and CN, aged 13 years 10 months, presented at the Sydney University Orthodontic Clinic, Australia. Patient JH complained that her lower teeth were “too far back behind her top teeth”. She was treated using the Speed Appliance. Patient CN complained that her teeth were “crooked”. The main point of interest of her case is the mechanics used following the extraction of her four first molar teeth. Both patients were keen to improve their appearance.
Syndecan-1 expression during postnatal tooth and oral mucosa development in rats aged from two days to six weeks
Authors: De Angelis Daniel D. , Sampson Wayne J. , Wiebkin Ole W. , Wilson David F. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Syndecans are a family of heparan sulphate proteoglycans that regulate cell-matrix interactions that influence cell growth, proliferation and morphology. The aim of this study was to observe changes in the expression of Syndecan-1 in the developing epithelium of the rat oral mucosa and in the epithelial cell rests of Malassez in the developing periodontium of normal rat molars, from late crown development through to early eruption. Immuno-histo-chemistry (Syndecan-1 N–18) and histochemistry (Alcec Blue) were used to observe changes in the expression of Syndecan-1 in rats aged two to 42 days. Results indicated that during normal tooth development in the rat, labelling or staining of variable intensity for Syndecan-1 was demonstrated in the stratified oral epithelium above the stratum basale in the rat tongue and palate, and in ameloblasts of the developing molar in rats aged two to 14 days. Histochemical staining of the predentine and dentine layers was consistent in all specimens. Labelling or staining for Syndecan-1 was negative in the rat periodontal ligament, which may suggest that either Syndecan-1 was not expressed during normal molar root development or that continued work is required for identification of a suitable label in rats.
Pulp-test responses in orthodontic patients
Authors: Cave S. G. , Freer T. J. , Podlich H. M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The diagnosis of orofacial pain is complicated in the orthodontic patient as treatment-induced alterations to pulpal physiology may result in altered responses to pulp-test stimuli. Thirty-three subjects commencing fixed orthodontic treatment and another 15 subjects not undergoing orthodontic treatment were used in this study. Cold and electrical stimuli were applied to the maxillary incisor teeth prior to treatment, after the placement of fixed appliances and at regular intervals for both groups for up to 252 days. At baseline, response thresholds to electric testing were typically higher for orthodontic subjects, particularly for the lateral incisors. For the non-orthodontic group, the response threshold over the 252 days was relatively constant. For the orthodontic group, application of force immediately increased the response threshold to electric pulp testing, which peaked after two months. By day 252, response means for lateral incisors still remained elevated. Responses to thermal testing were more consistent and reliable. The results of this study indicate that dental practitioners should interpret responses to electric pulp testing cautiously in orthodontic patients and that thermal testing with carbon dioxide snow may be more reliable.
Uprighting of impacted lower third molars using brass ligature wire
Authors: Moro Naohiro , Murakami Teruo , Tanaka Takemasa , Ohto Chie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As the orthodontic stage at the time of the eruption of the third molar is usually the retention period, it is desirable for both the patient and the clinician that impacted or inclined third molars be uprighted without an appliance. Impacted lower third molars can be successfully uprighted using only brass ligature wire. This paper suggests that brass ligature-wire therapy can be used to upright impacted molars that show considerable inclination.
Incomplete unilateral cleft of the primary palate: delayed secondary bone grafting combined with orthodontic treatment
Authors: Lertnimulchai Supachai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The presence of a fissural lateral incisor in an alveolar cleft is not a common occurrence and, if one is present, must in most instances be removed because of microdontia or because it may compromise a bone graft. This case report presents an example of bone grafting carried out late in the secondary stage of the patient’s dentition, in conjunction with retention of the fissural lateral incisor as requested by the patient, and shows an acceptable outcome from the points of view of both aesthetics and dento-alveolar health.
A comparison of splinted and banded Herbst appliances: treatment changes and complications
Authors: Hägg Urban , Tse Edmond L.K. , Rabie A. Bakr M. , Robinson W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aims of this study were to compare the frequency of clinical problems, such as fracture and dislodgment, and the dentofacial changes in 28 13-year-old Chinese children with Class II, division 1 malocclusions treated with either cast-metal splinted Herbst appliances or banded Herbst appliances.
The first fourteen children were treated with a maximum anchorage type of banded Herbst appliance for six months, and the remainder were treated with cast-silver splinted Herbst appliances for seven months. The dentofacial form and the treatment changes were assessed with the aid of pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs. The number of visits and the number of fractured and dislodged appliances were recorded. Both appliances had similar effects on the dentofacial structures. There were no statistically significant dentofacial differences between the groups at the conclusion of treatment. During treatment relatively few banded appliances were dislodged and few splinted appliances fractured. However, a large number of banded appliances fractured, and a similar number of splinted Herbst appliances were dislodged. The latter required less clinical and laboratory time to service and/or replace. It was concluded that splinted Herbst appliances are preferable to banded Herbst appliances because of the savings in clinical and laboratory time. Aust Orthod J 2002; 18:
Maxillonasal dysplasia (Binder syndrome): a lateral cephalometric assessment
Authors: Carach Barbara , Woods Michael , Scott Peter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Binder syndrome or maxillonasal dysplasia was first described by Binder in 1962, and is a disorder characterised by nasomaxillary hypoplasia. The records of 33 patients who had been diagnosed clinically with Binder syndrome at the Royal Children’s Hospital of Melbourne were examined. Of these 33 patients, 14 were selected because they met the inclusion criteria: that they had not had prior surgical and/or orthodontic treatment, and that high-quality lateral cephalometric radiographs were available. The craniofacial morphology of these patients was determined on lateral cephalometric radiographs and compared with published age- and sex-matched norms. In agreement with published studies, the anteroposterior lengths of the anterior cranial base and maxilla were reduced, and the majority of patients had a Class III skeletal relationship. Although the lower incisors tended to be prominent, both overjet and overbite fell within the ranges for the normal population. Despite the fact that the orthodontic and surgical treatment for patients with Binder syndrome is normally carried out within specialised units, clinicians should be aware of the variety of ways in which this condition may present.
Distortions in panoramic radiographs
Authors: Yeo D.K.L. , Freer T.J. , Brockhurst P.J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the factors affecting linear distortion in orthopantomography. A test model was constructed with metallic rods positioned to simulate maxillary teeth from the first permanent molar to the lateral incisor. In addition to examining the effects of varying the tilts of the test rods in a mesio-distal or bucco-palatal direction, spatial position changes (sagittal displacement, transverse displacement and horizontal rotation) of the test model were evaluated by determining the magnification changes in the width and length of the test rods. Results showed that significant errors occurred with all variations in magnification when test rods were inclined buccopalatally (p < 0.001) at or exceeding 5 degrees relative to the true perpendicular, and for spatial positioning errors (p < 0.05) at or exceeding ±5 degrees and ±5 mm. Bucco-palatally inclined objects in the lateral incisor-canine region were particularly susceptible to large changes in horizontal magnification. Linear measurements and clinical assessments from panoramic radiographs should therefore be undertaken cautiously. To minimise errors in orthopantomography, it is important to position the patient in the focal trough precisely according to the manufacturer’s specification.
Hand-wrist and cervical vertebral maturation indicators: how can these events be used to time Class II treatments?
Authors: Grave Keith , Townsend Grant 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Ossification events in the hand and wrist and in the cervical vertebrae have been shown to occur at specific times before, during and after the adolescent growth spurt, but there is still debate about the applicability of these findings to the clinical management of Class II cases. The aim of this study was to relate, on an individual basis, cervical vertebral maturation stages and hand-wrist ossification events to the timing of peak statural and mandibular growth in a group of indigenous Australians.
Methods: Velocity curves for stature and mandibular growth were constructed for 47 boys and 27 girls, and maturation events were then plotted on the curves. Results: For the majority of children, peak velocity in mandibular growth coincided with peak velocity in stature. Particular combinations of hand-wrist and cervical maturation events occurred consistently before, during or after the adolescent growth spurt.
Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with those for North American children and we believe that assessment by orthodontists of a combination of hand-wrist and cervical vertebral maturation stages will enhance prediction of the adolescent growth spurt, thereby contributing to a positive, purposeful and more confident approach to the management of Class II cases.
A longitudinal index study of orthodontic stability and relapse
Authors: Olive Richard J. , Basford Kaye E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground: Previous studies of stability and relapse after orthodontic treatment report short-term stability is generally followed by slow relapse to the original condition. What these studies do not report is whether this relapse is continuous or interspersed with periods of improvement or stability.Methods: A subjective 0–10 index of malocclusion was used to record post-treatment stability and relapse over 10 to 12 years following fixed appliance orthodontic treatment of 24 patients. The severity scores were plotted on timelines.Results: Episodes of change, both favourable and unfavourable, were interspersed with episodes of stability.Conclusions: Changes in the first 3 and 12 months post-treatment are indicative of the 10 to 12 years post-treatment outcomes. This index may provide a useful instrument to analyze patients and/or their study models longitudinally.
Distribution of the epithelial rests of Malassez and their relationship to blood vessels of the periodontal ligament during rat tooth development
Authors: Kat Petrina S.P. , Sampson Wayne J. , Wilson David F. , Wiebkin Ole W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: There is some evidence that the epithelial cell rests of Malassez partition the root surface from the periodontal ligament blood vessels, and may protect the root from resorption.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the distributions of the epithelial rests of Malassez (ERM) and blood vessels in the periodontal ligament (PDL) of the developing rat first molar before, during and after emergence.

Methods: Four Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed at two days, one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks and six weeks of age. After processing, the maxillae were embedded in paraffin, and sectioned longitudinally and transversely. The sections were stained with a double immuno-histochemical technique which utilised a keratin antibody AE1–AE3 (1:2,000) and an endothelial antibody Factor VIII (1:10,000) to enable simultaneous labelling of ERM and blood vessels. ERM and blood vessel counts were obtained from the mesio-buccal roots of three week, four week and six week-old rats, whilst qualitative observations were made for the earlier developmental stages.

Results: ERM cells and cell clusters were found in the tooth third of the PDL width at the three, four and six week stages. Cells and cell clusters increased in number with age, especially in the upper third of the mesio-buccal root. The largest numbers of cells and clusters were found on the distal surfaces of the roots in all age groups. Cells and clusters in all root surfaces increased from three to four weeks, but decreased from four to six weeks. The greatest number of blood vessels was found in the bone-side third of the PDL. The distal surface had the highest proportion of blood vessels, and the palatal surface the least proportion. The number of blood vessels in all surface quadrants did not vary much from three to four weeks of age, but increased from four to six weeks of age, possibly as a reaction to tooth emergence and occlusal function. Physiological root resorption was only observed after tooth emergence, and appeared to be related to loss of continuity of the ERM network and the incursion of blood vessels.

Conclusions: Orthodontic root resorption can be regarded as an exaggerated response to loss of PDL homeostatic control, possibly mediated by the epithelial rests of Malassez.