bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the International Cocaine Market: A Novel Combination of Excess Compensation and Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Authors: Le Ba Tam , Mai Xuan Thi Thanh , Ngo Thanh , Le Tu D. Q. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Although there are different ways to estimate the value of the illicit drug markets, the main issue remains that one cannot estimate the unseized or floating value of drugs at the country- and international-level markets. This study applies a novel estimation method that combines excess compensation estimation (from the financial field) and stochastic frontier analysis (from the operations research field) to estimate the value of the international cocaine market in 2019. Our estimations show that in 2019, the unseized market accounted for 32.16 % of the total market of cocaine and was smaller than the ratio of 48 % in 2007, indicating that the effectiveness of countries in disrupting the illicit cocaine market has improved. More importantly, we show that improvement in dealing with money laundering risks could also help reduce the illicit market of cocaine since illicit cocaine/drug proceeds must be laundered before they can be used by criminal organisations.
Iterative approximation of common solution of variational inequality and certain optimization problems with multiple output sets in Hadamard space
Authors: Abass Hammed Anuoluwapo , Oyewole Olawale Kazeem , Onifade Olayinka Martins , Narain Ojen Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, our main interest is to propose a viscosity iterative method for approximating
solutions of variational inequality problems, resolvents of monotone operators and
fixed points of ρ-demimetric mappings with multiple output sets in Hadamard spaces.
We prove a strong convergence result for approximating the solutions of the aforementioned problems
under some mild conditions. Also, we present an application of our main result to a convex minimization problem.
Our results improve and generalize many related results in the literature.
Titchmarsh and Boas-type theorems related to (κ,n)-Fourier transform
Authors: Mannai Mehrez , Negzaoui Selma 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to prove a generalization of Titchmarsh’s theorems for the generalized Fourier transform called (

κ
,
n

{\kappa,n}

)-Fourier transform, where n is a positive integer and κ is a constant coming from Dunkl theory. As an application, we derive a

(
κ
,
n
)

{(\kappa,n)}

-Fourier multiplier theorem for

L
2

{L^{2}}

Lipschitz spaces. Moreover, we give necessary conditions to ensure that f belongs to either one of the generalized Lipschitz classes of order m. This allows us to establish the analogue of the Boas-type result for

ℱ

κ
,
n

{\mathcal{F}_{\kappa,n}}

.
Affective geographies and tribal epistemologies: studying abroad during COVID-19
Authors: Jones Rodney H. , Jaworska Sylvia , Hua Zhu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between epistemologies, tribalism and affect in the experiences of Chinese international students studying in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on data from student diaries, interviews, and focus groups, it explores how boundaries between in-groups and out-groups were erected and dismantled through processes of socio-temporal scaling, whereby social actors configured affective geographies by linking local spatial relationships to higher level (national and international) scales. The analysis reveals how negative emotions like fear of infection led to practices of spatial distancing and the drawing of cultural boundaries between groups, while feelings of worry about family members in China shaped communication patterns and information flows across geographic spaces. At times, however, positive emotions like affection and sympathy helped participants transcend boundaries, leading them to readjust their emotional mappings of the world and reevaluate their beliefs about COVID. The study highlights the central role affect and emotional labor play both in the formulation of epistemologies around health and in the drawing of boundaries between groups.
Wave Propagation in High-Contrast Media: Periodic and Beyond
Authors: Fressart Élise , Verfürth Barbara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This work is concerned with the classical wave equation with a high-contrast coefficient in the spatial derivative operator. We first treat the periodic case, where we derive a new limit in the one-dimensional case. The behavior is illustrated numerically and contrasted to the higher-dimensional case. For general unstructured high-contrast coefficients, we present the Localized Orthogonal Decomposition and show a priori error estimates in suitably weighted norms. Numerical experiments illustrate the convergence rates in various settings.
New phenomena in deviation of Birkhoff integrals for locally Hamiltonian flows
Authors: Frączek Krzysztof , Kim Minsung 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We consider smooth locally Hamiltonian flows on compact surfaces of genus

g
≥
1

{g\geq 1}

to prove a deviation formula of Birkhoff integrals for smooth observables.
Our work generalizes results of [G. Forni,
Deviation of ergodic averages for area-preserving flows on surfaces of higher genus,
Ann. of Math. (2) 155 2002, 1, 1–103] and [A. I. Bufetov,
Limit theorems for translation flows,
Ann. of Math. (2) 179 2014, 2, 431–499] (and a recent result in [K. Frączek and C. Ulcigrai,
On the asymptotic growth of Birkhoff integrals for locally Hamiltonian flows and ergodicity of their extensions,
preprint 2021]) which prove the existence of the deviation spectrum of Birkhoff integrals for observables whose jets vanish at sufficiently high order around fixed points of the flow.
They showed that ergodic integrals display a power deviation spectrum with
exactly g positive exponents related to the positive Lyapunov exponents of the cocycle so-called Kontsevich–Zorich, a renormalization cocycle over the Teichmüller flow on a stratum of the moduli space of translation surfaces.
Our paper extends the study of the deviation spectrum of ergodic integrals beyond the case of observables whose jets vanish at sufficiently high order around fixed points.
We prove the existence of some extra terms in the deviation spectrum related to the non-vanishing of some derivatives of the observable at fixed points. The proof of this new phenomenon is inspired by tools developed in
the recent work of the first author and Ulcigrai for locally Hamiltonian flows having only (simple) non-degenerate saddles.
In full generality, due to the occurrence of (multiple) degenerate saddles, we introduce new methods of handling functions with polynomial singularities over a full measure set of interval exchange transformations.
Octonionic monogenic and slice monogenic Hardy and Bergman spaces
Authors: Colombo Fabrizio , Kraußhar Rolf Sören , Sabadini Irene 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper we discuss some basic properties of octonionic Bergman and Hardy spaces. In the first part we review some fundamental concepts of the general theory of octonionic Hardy and Bergman spaces together with related reproducing kernel functions in the monogenic setting.
We explain how some of the fundamental problems in well-defining a reproducing kernel can be overcome in the non-associative setting by looking at the real part of an appropriately defined para-linear octonion-valued inner product. The presence of a weight factor of norm 1 in the definition of the inner product is an intrinsic new ingredient in the octonionic setting.
Then we look at the slice monogenic octonionic setting using the classical complex book structure. We present explicit formulas for the slice monogenic reproducing kernels for the unit ball, the right octonionic half-space and strip domains bounded in the real direction. In the setting of the unit ball we present an explicit sequential characterization which can be obtained by applying the special Taylor series representation of the slice monogenic setting together with particular octonionic calculation rules that reflect the property of octonionic para-linearity.
Two curious q-supercongruences and their extensions
Authors: He Haihong , Wang Xiaoxia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We prove two single-parameter q-supercongruences which were recently conjectured by Guo, and establish their further extensions with one more parameter. Crucial ingredients in the proof are the terminating form of the q-binomial theorem, a Karlsson–Minton-type summation formula due to Gasper, and the method of “creative microscoping” developed by Guo and Zudilin. Incidentally, an assertion of Li, Tang and Wang is also confirmed by establishing its q-analogue.
Archimedean toroidal maps and their edge covers
Authors: Kundu Arnab , Maity Dipendu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The automorphism group of a map on a surface acts naturally on its flags (triples of incident vertices, edges, and faces). We will study the action of the automorphism group of a map on its edges. A map is semi-equivelar if all of its vertices have the same type of face-cycles. A semi-equivelar toroidal map refers to a semi-equivelar map embedded on a torus. If a map has k edge orbits under its automorphism group, it is referred to as a k-edge orbital or k-orbital. Specifically, it is referred to as an edge-transitive map if

k
=
1

{k=1}

. If any two edges have the same edge-symbol, a map is said to be edge-homogeneous. Every edge-homogeneous toroidal map has an edge-transitive cover, as proved in [A. Orbanić, D. Pellicer, T. Pisanski and T. W. Tucker,
Edge-transitive maps of low genus,
Ars Math. Contemp. 4 2011, 2, 385–402]. In this article, we show the existence and give a classification of k-edge covers of semi-equivelar toroidal maps.
Tilings of the sphere by congruent quadrilaterals III: Edge combination a
3
b with general angles
Authors: Liao Yixi , Qian Pinren , Wang Erxiao , Xu Yingyun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Edge-to-edge tilings of the sphere by congruent quadrilaterals are completely classified in a series of three papers. This last one classifies the case of

a
3

⁢
b

{a^{3}b}

-quadrilaterals with some irrational angle: there are a sequence of 1-parameter families of quadrilaterals admitting 2-layer earth map tilings together with their basic flip modifications under extra condition, and 5 sporadic quadrilaterals each admitting a special tiling. A summary of the full classification is presented in the end.
Finite approximation properties of C*-modules III
Authors: Amini Massoud 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We introduce and study a notion of module nuclear dimension for a

C
*

\mathrm{C}^{*}

-algebra A which is a

C
*

\mathrm{C}^{*}

-module over another

C
*

\mathrm{C}^{*}

-algebra

𝔄

{\mathfrak{A}}

with compatible actions. We show that the module nuclear dimension of A is zero if A is

𝔄

{\mathfrak{A}}

-NF. The converse is shown to hold when

𝔄

{\mathfrak{A}}

is a

C
⁢

(
X
)

{C(X)}

-algebra with simple fibers, with X compact and totally disconnected. We also introduce a notion of module decomposition rank, and show that when

𝔄

{\mathfrak{A}}

is unital and simple, if the module decomposition rank of A is finite then A is

𝔄

{\mathfrak{A}}

-QD. We study the set

𝒯
𝔄

⁢

(
A
)

{\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{A}}(A)}

of

𝔄

{\mathfrak{A}}

-valued module traces on A and relate the Cuntz semigroup of A with lower semicontinuous affine functions on the set

𝒯
𝔄

⁢

(
A
)

{\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{A}}(A)}

. Along the way, we also prove a module Choi–Effros lifting theorem. We give estimates of the module nuclear dimension for a class of examples.
Generalized orthogonal measures on the space of unital completely positive maps
Authors: Bhattacharya Angshuman , Kulkarni Chaitanya J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A classical result by Effros
connects the barycentric decomposition of a state on a C*-algebra to the disintegration theory of the GNS representation of the state with respect to an orthogonal measure on the state space of the C*-algebra. In this note, we take this approach to the space of unital completely positive maps on a C*-algebra with values in

B
⁢

(
H
)

{B(H)}

, connecting the barycentric decomposition of the unital completely positive map and the disintegration theory of the minimal Stinespring dilation of the same. This generalizes Effros’ work in the non-commutative setting. We do this by introducing a special class of barycentric measures which we call generalized orthogonal measures. We end this note by mentioning some examples of generalized orthogonal measures.
Generalized derivations over amalgamated algebras along an ideal
Authors: Boudine Brahim , Zerra Mohammed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Let A and B be two associative rings, let I be an ideal of B and let

f
∈

Hom
⁢

(
A
,
B
)

{f\in\mathrm{Hom}(A,B)}

. In this paper, we give a complete description of generalized derivations over

A

⋈
f

I

{A\bowtie^{f}I}

. Furthermore, when A is prime or semi-prime, we give several identities on generalized derivations which provide the commutativity of

A

⋈
f

I

{A\bowtie^{f}I}

.
Essential norm of Riemann–Stieltjes operator on weighted Bergman spaces with doubling weights
Authors: Hu Lian , Li Songxiao , Yang Rong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Let ω be a doubling weight and

0
<
p
≤
q
<
∞

{0<p\leq q<\infty}

. The essential norm of Riemann–Stieltjes operator

T
g

{T_{g}}

from the weighted Bergman space

A
ω
p

{A^{p}_{\omega}}

to

A
ω
q

{A^{q}_{\omega}}

was investigated in the unit ball of

ℂ
n

{\mathbb{C}^{n}}

.
Representations of a number in an arbitrary base with unbounded digits
Authors: Dubickas ArtÅ«ras 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we prove that, for

β
∈
ℂ

{\beta\in{\mathbb{C}}}

, every

α
∈
ℂ

{\alpha\in{\mathbb{C}}}

has at most finitely many (possibly none at all) representations of the form

α
=

d
n

⁢

β
n

+

d

n
-
1

⁢

β

n
-
1

+
…
+

d
0

{\alpha=d_{n}\beta^{n}+d_{n-1}\beta^{n-1}+\dots+d_{0}}

with nonnegative integers

n
,

d
n

,

d

n
-
1

,
…
,

d
0

{n,d_{n},d_{n-1},\dots,d_{0}}

if and only if β is a transcendental number or an algebraic number
which has a conjugate over

ℚ

{{\mathbb{Q}}}

(possibly β itself) in the real interval

(
1
,
∞
)

{(1,\infty)}

. The nontrivial part here is to show that for every algebraic number β lying with its all conjugates in

ℂ
∖

(
1
,
∞
)

{{\mathbb{C}}\setminus(1,\infty)}

,
there is

α
∈

ℚ
⁢

(
β
)

{\alpha\in{\mathbb{Q}}(\beta)}

with infinitely many such representations. In a particular case, when β is a quadratic algebraic number, this
was recently established by Kala and Zindulka.
A comparative study of variational autoencoders, normalizing flows, and score-based diffusion models for electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Wang Huihui , Xu Guixian , Zhou Qingping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a widely employed imaging technique in industrial inspection, geophysical prospecting, and medical imaging. However, the inherent nonlinearity and ill-posedness of EIT image reconstruction present challenges for classical regularization techniques, such as the critical selection of regularization terms and the lack of prior knowledge. Deep generative models (DGMs) have been shown to play a crucial role in learning implicit regularizers and prior knowledge. This study aims to investigate the potential of three DGMs – variational autoencoder networks, normalizing flow, and score-based diffusion model – to learn implicit regularizers in learning-based EIT imaging. We first introduce background information on EIT imaging and its inverse problem formulation. Next, we propose three algorithms for performing EIT inverse problems based on corresponding DGMs. Finally, we present numerical and visual experiments, which reveal that (1) no single method consistently outperforms the others across all settings, and (2) when reconstructing an object with two anomalies using a well-trained model based on a training dataset containing four anomalies, the conditional normalizing flow (CNF) model exhibits the best generalization in low-level noise, while the conditional score-based diffusion model (CSD*) demonstrates the best generalization in high-level noise settings. We hope our preliminary efforts will encourage other researchers to assess their DGMs in EIT and other nonlinear inverse problems.
Scan-less microscopy based on acousto-optic encoded illumination
Authors: Marchese Andrea , Ricci Pietro , Saggau Peter , Duocastella Martí 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Several optical microscopy methods are now available for characterizing scientific and industrial processes at sub-micron resolution. However, they are often ill-suited for imaging rapid events. Limited by the trade-off between camera frame-rate and sensitivity, or the need for mechanical scanning, current microscopes are optimized for imaging at hundreds of frames-per-second (fps), well-below what is needed in processes such as neuronal signaling or moving parts in manufacturing lines. Here, we present a scan-less technology that allows sub-micrometric imaging at thousands of fps. It is based on combining a single-pixel camera with parallelized encoded illumination. We use two acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) placed in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer and drive them simultaneously with multiple and unique acoustic frequencies. As a result, orthogonal light stripes are obtained that interfere with the sample plane, forming a two-dimensional array of flickering spots – each with its modulation frequency. The light from the sample is collected with a single photodiode that, after spectrum analysis, allows for image reconstruction at speeds only limited by the AOD’s bandwidth and laser power. We describe the working principle of our approach, characterize its imaging performance as a function of the number of pixels – up to 400 × 400 – and characterize dynamic events at 5000 fps.
Disulfidptosis-related long non-coding RNAs predict prognosis and indicate therapeutic response in non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Liu Huan , He Shaohua , Tan Liming , Li Mingzhen , Chen Cheng , Tan Ruiming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Disulfidptosis is a novel form of cell death, whose modulation in tumor cells may present a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. However, the role of disulfidptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains poorly elucidated. This study aims to investigate the prognostic significance of disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs (DRLs) and reveal their relationship to the immune microenvironment of NSCLC.

Methods
DRLs were identified through co-expression analysis of NSCLC transcriptomic data obtained from the Genomic Data Commons (GDC) data portal. The DRLs prognostic signature (DRLPS) was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analyses. Samples were separated into high-DS and low-DS groups based on the median disulfidptosis score (DS) of DRLPS. Integrated analyses were then implemented to unveil the association between DRLs and NSCLC microenvironment. These involved the evaluation of functional enrichments, immune cell infiltrations, genetic alterations, and drug sensitivity.

Results
A prognostic signature was developed based on six prognostic DRLs, which are AL606489.1, LINC00857, AP003555.1, AP000695.1, AC113346.1, and LINC01615. The Kaplan–Meier survival curves demonstrated the significant association between DRLPS and NSCLC prognosis. The functional enrichment assessment revealed the pivotal involvement of DRLs in immune regulation and metabolism in NSCLC. The low-DS and high-DS subgroups of NSCLC patients exhibited distinct differences in terms of immune infiltration and tumor mutation burden. The potential to predict immunotherapy benefit and drug sensitivity in NSCLC treatments was observed in DRLPS.

Conclusions
In this study, disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs were identified and their roles in NSCLC were revealed. A novel prognostic signature with the potential to predict drug response in NSCLC treatment was developed.
The tumor microenvironment: a key player in multidrug resistance in cancer
Authors: Meng Lingnan , Zheng Ying , Liu Hao , Fan Daiming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Although multiple new cancer treatments have emerged in recent years, drug therapy, mainly comprising chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, remains the most common approach. The multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells to various treatments remains a challenge. Scientists have always focused on the acquired drug resistance mechanisms of tumor cells themselves. However, recent evidence shows that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in regulating tumor cell progression, metastasis, immune escape, and drug resistance. In the TME, interactions between cancer cells and non-malignant cells often modify the TME and facilitate drug resistance. Therefore, elucidating this complex interaction mechanism is essential for the development of effective treatments. This review focuses on the role of the TME in promoting chemoresistance in tumor cells through the following mechanisms: (i) inhibiting the immune clearance of tumor cells and facilitating immune escape responses; (ii) stimulating the release of soluble paracrine factors to enhance tumor survival and growth; (iii) promoting survival and altering drug delivery through metabolic reprogramming; (iv) obstructing drug absorption by inducing changes in stomatal cells and blood vessels surrounding the tumor; and (v) inducing the cancer stem cell phenotype. This review also addresses a clinical treatment strategy for targeting the TME, providing insights and a basis for reversing multidrug resistance.
Metal-based nanoparticles: basics, types, fabrications and their electronic applications
Authors: Nazir Shoaib , Zhang Jian-Min , Junaid Muhammad , Saleem Shahroz , Ali Asjad , Ullah Arif , Khan Shahab 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Nanoparticles below 100 nm have sparked immense interest for their unique physical and chemical properties, separate from bulk materials. These particles have versatile applications in electronics, magnetism, optoelectronics, and electricity. This article overviews ongoing research on nanoparticle-based electronic devices and explores anticipated advancements. In electronics, nanoparticles are essential components for enhanced performance and functionality, promising breakthroughs in computing, telecommunications, and sensing. This work explores the groundbreaking potential of metal-based nanoparticles, such as ZnO NPs, Cu NPs, Al NPs, and Fe NPs, in various electronic device applications. It investigates different synthetic methods, including bottom–up, sol–gel, co-precipitation, hydrothermal, CVD, and green/biological method to enhance the effectiveness of these nanoparticles. The study briefly examines the efficiency of these nanoparticles for electronic device applications, and it extends their potential applications to areas such as data storage, sensors, protective coatings, energy storage, chemical industries, water treatment, fertilizers, and defense. Challenges include precise control of nanoparticle shape and arrangement, which researchers address to design new materials with controlled properties. The present work discusses the anticipated and emerging applications of nanoparticles, emphasizing their unique physical and chemical properties compared to bulk materials. Ongoing research explores their full potential, while manipulation techniques open doors to novel materials. The progress made underscores the immense possibilities of nanoparticle-based electronics.