bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary immunodeficiency diseases of adults: a review of pulmonary complication imaging findings
Authors: Grenier Philippe A. , Brun Anne Laure , Longchampt Elisabeth , Lipski Madeleine , Mellot François , Catherinot Emilie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Our objective in this review is to familiarize radiologists with the spectrum of initial and progressive CT manifestations of pulmonary complications observed in adult patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases, including primary antibody deficiency (PAD), hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES), and chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). In patients with PAD, recurrent pulmonary infections may lead to airway remodeling with bronchial wall-thickening, bronchiectasis, mucus-plugging, mosaic perfusion, and expiratory air-trapping. Interstitial lung disease associates pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia, granulomatous inflammation, and organizing pneumonia and is called granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD). The CT features of GLILD are solid and semi-solid pulmonary nodules and areas of air space consolidation, reticular opacities, and lymphadenopathy. These features may overlap those of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, justifying biopsies. In patients with HIES, particularly the autosomal dominant type (Job syndrome), recurrent pyogenic infections lead to permanent lung damage. Secondary infections with aspergillus species develop in pre-existing pneumatocele and bronchiectasis areas, leading to chronic airway infection. The complete spectrum of CT pulmonary aspergillosis may be seen including aspergillomas, chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)-like pattern, mixed pattern, and invasive. Patients with CGD present with recurrent bacterial and fungal infections leading to parenchymal scarring, traction bronchiectasis, cicatricial emphysema, airway remodeling, and mosaicism. Invasive aspergillosis, the major cause of mortality, manifests as single or multiple nodules, areas of airspace consolidation that may be complicated by abscess, empyema, or contiguous extension to the pleura or chest wall.

Clinical relevance statement
Awareness of the imaging findings spectrum of pulmonary complications that can occur in adult patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases is important to minimize diagnostic delay and improve patient outcomes.

Key Points
• Unexplained bronchiectasis, associated or not with CT findings of obliterative bronchiolitis, should evoke a potential diagnosis of primary autoantibody deficiency.
• The CT evidence of various patterns of aspergillosis developed in severe bronchiectasis or pneumatocele in a young adult characterizes the pulmonary complications of hyper-IgE syndrome.
• In patients with chronic granulomatous disease, invasive aspergillosis is relatively frequent, often asymptomatic, and sometimes mimicking or associated with non-infectious inflammatory pulmonary lesions.
Mammographic features and risk of breast cancer death among women with invasive screen-detected cancer in BreastScreen Norway 1996–2020
Authors: Moshina Nataliia , Backmann Heinrich A. , Skaane Per , Hofvind Solveig 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
We explored associations between mammographic features and risk of breast cancer death among women with small (<15 mm) and large (≥15 mm) invasive screen-detected breast cancer.

Methods
We included data from 17,614 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer as a result of participation in BreastScreen Norway, 1996–2020. Data on mammographic features (mass, spiculated mass, architectural distortion, asymmetric density, density with calcification and calcification alone), tumour diameter and cause of death was obtained from the Cancer Registry of Norway. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for breast cancer death by mammographic features using spiculated mass as reference, adjusting for age, tumour diameter and lymph node status. All analyses were dichotomised by tumour diameter (small versus large).

Results
Mean age at diagnosis was 60.8 (standard deviation, SD=5.8) for 10,160 women with small tumours and 60.0 (SD=5.8) years for 7454 women with large tumours. The number of breast cancer deaths was 299 and 634, respectively. Mean time from diagnosis to death was 8.7 (SD=5.0) years for women with small tumours and 7.2 (4.6) years for women with large tumours. Using spiculated mass as reference, adjusted HR for breast cancer death among women with small tumours was 2.48 (95% CI 1.67–3.68) for calcification alone, while HR for women with large tumours was 1.30 (95% CI 1.02–1.66) for density with calcification.

Conclusions
Small screen-detected invasive cancers presenting as calcification and large screen-detected cancers presenting as density with calcification were associated with the highest risk of breast cancer death.

Clinical relevance statement
Small tumours (<15 mm) presented as calcification alone and large tumours (≥ 15 mm) presented as density with calcification were associated with the highest risk of breast cancer death among women with screen-detected invasive breast cancer diagnosed 1996–2020.

Key Points
• Women diagnosed with invasive screen-detected breast cancer 1996–2020 were analysed.
• Small screen-detected cancers presenting as calcification alone resulted in the highest risk of breast cancer death.
• Large screen-detected cancers presenting as density with calcification resulted in the highest risk of breast cancer death.
Prognostic factors to identify resolution of small bowel obstruction without need for operative management: systematic review
Authors: Eze Vivienne N. , Parry Tom , Boone Darren , Mallett Sue , Halligan Steve 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To identify imaging, clinical, and laboratory variables potentially prognostic for surgical management of small bowel obstruction.

Methods
Two researchers systematically reviewed indexed literature 2001–2021 inclusive for imaging, clinical, and laboratory variables potentially predictive of surgical management of small bowl obstruction and/or ischaemia at surgery, where performed. Risk of bias was assessed. Contingency tables for variables reported in at least 5 studies were extracted and meta-analysed to identify strong evidence of association with clinical outcomes, across studies.

Results
Thirty-one studies were ultimately included, reporting 4638 patients (44 to 313 per study). 11 (35%) studies raised no risk of bias concerns. CT was the modality reported most (29 studies, 94%). Meta-analysis of 21 predictors identified 5 strongly associated with surgical intervention, 3 derived from CT (peritoneal free fluid, odds ratio [OR] 3.24, 95%CI 2.45 to 4.29; high grade obstruction, OR 3.58, 95%CI 2.46 to 5.20; mesenteric inflammation, OR 2.61, 95%CI 1.94 to 3.50; abdominal distension, OR 2.43, 95%CI 1.34 to 4.42; peritonism, OR 3.97, 95%CI 2.67 to 5.90) and one with conservative management (previous abdominopelvic surgery, OR 0.58, 95%CI 0.40 to 0.85). Meta-analysis of 10 predictors identified 3 strongly associated with ischaemia at surgery, 2 derived from CT (peritoneal free fluid, OR 3.49, 95%CI 2.28 to 5.35; bowel thickening, OR 3.26 95%CI 1.91 to 5.55; white cell count, OR 4.76, 95%CI 2.71 to 8.36).

Conclusions
Systematic review of patients with small bowel obstruction identified four imaging, three clinical, and one laboratory predictors associated strongly with surgical intervention and/or ischaemia at surgery.

Clinical relevance statement
Via systematic review and meta-analysis, we identified imaging, clinical, and laboratory predictors strongly associated with surgical management of small bowel obstruction and/or ischaemia. Multivariable model development to guide management should incorporate these since they display strong evidence of potential utility.

Key Points
• While multivariable models incorporating clinical, laboratory, and imaging factors could predict surgical management of small bowel obstruction, none are used widely.
• Via systematic review and meta-analysis we identified imaging, clinical, and laboratory variables strongly associated with surgical management and/or ischaemia at surgery.
• Development of multivariable models to guide management should incorporate these predictors, notably CT scanning, since they display strong evidence of potential utility.
Studying macro- and mesoscopic wetting dynamics of a spreading oil droplet using multiple wavelength interferometry
Authors: Richter Timo , Fricke Mathis , Stephan Peter , Tropea Cameron , Hussong Jeanette 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study we present an interferometric technique based on multiple wavelengths to capture the transient free surface contour of nanolitre drops spreading on a wettable surface, in particular close to the three-phase contact line. Various data analysis procedures are evaluated in terms of error and noise sensitivity. The technique allows an unambiguous determination of the local liquid film thickness for optical path differences up to $$\Delta s \approx 3.19\,\upmu \text {m}$$

Δ
s
≈
3.19

μ
m

without the need of a known reference height. Film thicknesses as low as $$0.1\,\upmu \text {m}$$

0.1

μ
m

can be measured with the present optical configuration. The entire three-dimensional droplet shape is investigated for different capillary numbers, allowing also reliable measurements of the time-resolved contact angle.
The role of glycolytic metabolic pathways in cardiovascular disease and potential therapeutic approaches
Authors: Chen Shuxian , Zou Yuanming , Song Chunyu , Cao Kexin , Cai Kexin , Wu Yanjiao , Zhang Zhaobo , Geng Danxi , Sun Wei , Ouyang Nanxiang , Zhang Naijin , Li Zhao , Sun Guozhe , Zhang Yixiao , Sun Yingxian , Zhang Ying 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major threat to human health, accounting for 46% of non-communicable disease deaths. Glycolysis is a conserved and rigorous biological process that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, and its primary function is to provide the body with the energy and intermediate products needed for life activities. The non-glycolytic actions of enzymes associated with the glycolytic pathway have long been found to be associated with the development of CVD, typically exemplified by metabolic remodeling in heart failure, which is a condition in which the heart exhibits a rapid adaptive response to hypoxic and hypoxic conditions, occurring early in the course of heart failure. It is mainly characterized by a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation and a rise in the glycolytic pathway, and the rise in glycolysis is considered a hallmark of metabolic remodeling. In addition to this, the glycolytic metabolic pathway is the main source of energy for cardiomyocytes during ischemia–reperfusion. Not only that, the auxiliary pathways of glycolysis, such as the polyol pathway, hexosamine pathway, and pentose phosphate pathway, are also closely related to CVD. Therefore, targeting glycolysis is very attractive for therapeutic intervention in CVD. However, the relationship between glycolytic pathway and CVD is very complex, and some preclinical studies have confirmed that targeting glycolysis does have a certain degree of efficacy, but its specific role in the development of CVD has yet to be explored. This article aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the glycolytic pathway and its key enzymes (including hexokinase (HK), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1), aldolase (Aldolase), phosphoglycerate metatase (PGAM), enolase (ENO) pyruvate kinase (PKM) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) for their role in cardiovascular diseases (e.g., heart failure, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis) and possible emerging therapeutic targets.
The value of combined detailed first-trimester ultrasound–biochemical analysis for screening fetal aneuploidy in the era of non-invasive prenatal testing
Authors: Ye Caixia , Duan Hongyan , Liu Mengyuan , Liu Jianqiang , Xiang Jingwen , Yin Yizhen , Zhou Qiong , Yang Dan , Yan Ruiling , Li Ruiman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the performance, cost-effectiveness and additional findings of combined detailed ultrasound and biochemical screening for risks of major fetal trisomies in the first-trimester.

Methods
This is a retrospective analysis study, we estimated the risk of trisomies 21, 18 and 13 based on maternal age, fetal nuchal translucency thickness, nasal bone, ductus venosus pulsatility index velocity, tricuspid regurgitation, fetal heart rate, free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A in singleton pregnant women, and performed non-invasive prenatal testing for women with risks of trisomy 21 between 1:500 and 1:300. Invasive diagnostic testing was performed for women with positive or failed non-invasive prenatal testing result and in the high-risk group of this screening method. The direct costs were compared between this strategy and the non-invasive prenatal testing which alone used as first-line screening for all pregnant women.

Results
Among 25,155 singleton pregnant women who underwent screening, 24,361 were available for analysis, of these, 194 cases underwent non-invasive prenatal testing. Among the 24,361 women, 39, 19, and 7 had trisomies 21, 18 and 13, respectively. The use of this strategy could potentially detect approximately 94.87% of trisomy 21 cases, 100% of trisomy 18 cases, and 100% of trisomy 13 cases, with false-positive rates of 2.49%, 0.41%, and 0.49%, respectively. The overall detection rate and overall false-positive rates were 96.92% and 2.52%, respectively. The detection rate was 100% in the advanced age group and 94.12% in the general age group. Additionally, structural abnormalities were detected in 137 fetuses, and 44 fetuses had other chromosomal abnormalities. The total cost of this strategy was $3,730,843.30, and the cost per person tested was $153.15. The total cost of using non-invasive prenatal testing as the first-line strategy would be $6,813,387.04 and the cost per person tested was $279.68.

Conclusions
Our strategy is an efficient and cost-effective approach for detecting major trisomies and identifying more fetuses with a potential abnormality. Therefore, this strategy is a valuable screening method and highly feasible in the clinical setting.
Synchronous action observation and motor imagery may not always represent the optimal form of action simulation: a commentary on Eaves et al. (2022)
Authors: Wright David J. , Holmes Paul S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract(Eaves et al., Psychological Research Psychologische Forschung, 2022) summary review, showing positive behavioural effects of AOMI interventions, is a welcome addition to the field. Several recent studies, however, have reported that AOMI may be no more beneficial than independent MI, and, for some tasks, may add no benefit beyond that obtained via physical practice. We discuss evidence to balance the narrative but support the pragmatic reasons why AOMI remains a suitable and appealing form of action simulation. We propose that further research interrogation of the discrete AOMI states through a more continuum-based approach could address some of the inconsistent data seen in AOMI research.
MicroRNA-367-3p directly targets RAB23 and inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells and increases cisplatin sensitivity
Authors: Wei Xifeng , Jiang Yuchen , Yang Guanghua , Chang Taihao , Sun Guangyu , Chen Shuaiqi , Wu Shangrong , Liu Ranlu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study investigated the biological role of miR-367-3p upregulation in bladder cancer and verified the mutual relation between miR-367-3p and RAB23.

Materials and methods
Expression levels of miR-367-3p were determined by RT–qPCR in bladder cancer cell lines and human bladder cancer tissues. The effects of miR-367-3p on proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated by cell colony formation assays, wound healing assays and trans-well assays, respectively. The effects of miR-367-3p and RAB23 on cisplatin sensitivity of bladder cancer cells were assessed by CCK-8 assay. The expression of its target-RAB23 was determined by western blotting in T24, 5637. Plasmids used in dual-luciferase assays were constructed to confirm the action of miR-367-3p on downstream target-RAB23 in T24 cells. And also, the role of miR-367-3p in tumorigenesis was also confirmed in nude mouse models.

Results
The downregulation of miR-367-3p was observed in human bladder cancer tissues. MiR-367-3p downregulation positively correlated with tumor stage and tumor grade. MiR-367-3p overexpression in T24, 5637 cells suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells in vitro while decreasing IC50 values under T24 and 5637 cisplatin treatment conditions. RAB23 was shown to be upregulated in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. MiR-367-3p directly bound to the 3′ UTR of RAB23 in T24 cells. RAB23 was potentially accounted for the aforementioned functions of miR-367-3p. Tumor formation experiments in nude mouse models confirmed that overexpression of miR-367-3p could inhibit tumor growth and invasion in vivo.

Conclusions
miR-367-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer by downregulating RAB23 signaling. We conjecture that miR-367-3p-mediated downregulation of RAB23 expression may be a new therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer treatment.
Harnack inequality and one-endedness of UST on reversible random graphs
Authors: Berestycki Nathanaël , van Engelenburg Diederik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe prove that for recurrent, reversible graphs, the following conditions are equivalent: (a) existence and uniqueness of the potential kernel, (b) existence and uniqueness of harmonic measure from infinity, (c) a new anchored Harnack inequality, and (d) one-endedness of the wired uniform spanning tree. In particular this gives a proof of the anchored (and in fact also elliptic) Harnack inequality on the UIPT. This also complements and strengthens some results of Benjamini et al. (Ann Probab 29(1):1–65, 2001). Furthermore, we make progress towards a conjecture of Aldous and Lyons by proving that these conditions are fulfilled for strictly subdiffusive recurrent unimodular graphs. Finally, we discuss the behaviour of the random walk conditioned to never return to the origin, which is well defined as a consequence of our results.
Pan-PI3K inhibition with copanlisib overcomes Treg- and M2-TAM-mediated immune suppression and promotes anti-tumor immune responses
Authors: Heller Simon , Glaeske Sarah , Gluske Katja , Paul Juliane , Böhme Annika , Janzer Andreas , Roider Helge Gottfried , Montebaur Anna , Nicke Barbara , Lesche Ralf , von Ahsen Oliver , Politz Oliver , Liu Ningshu , Gorjánácz Mátyás 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe PI3K pathway is one of the most frequently altered signaling pathways in human cancer. In addition to its function in cancer cells, PI3K plays a complex role in modulating anti-tumor immune responses upon immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). Here, we evaluated the effects of the pan-Class I PI3K inhibitor copanlisib on different immune cell types in vitro and on tumor growth and immune cell infiltration in syngeneic murine cancer models. Intermittent treatment with copanlisib resulted in a strong in vivo anti-tumor efficacy, increased tumor infiltration of activated T cells and macrophages, and increased CD8+ T cell/regulatory T cell and M1/M2 macrophage ratios. The strong in vivo efficacy was at least partially due to immunomodulatory activity of copanlisib, as in vitro these murine cancer cells were resistant to PI3K inhibition. Furthermore, the combination of copanlisib with the ICI antibody anti-PD-1 demonstrated enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in both ICI-sensitive and insensitive syngeneic mouse tumor models. Importantly, in an ICI-sensitive model, combination therapy resulted in complete remission and prevention of tumor recurrence. Thus, the combination of ICIs with PI3K inhibition by intermittently dosed copanlisib represents a promising new strategy to increase sensitivity to ICI therapies and to treat human solid cancers.
Prognostic impact of absolute peripheral blood NK cell count after four cycles of R-CHOP-like regimen treatment in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Huo Zhongjun , Chen Fang , Zhao Jiajia , Liu Ping , Chao Zhi , Liu Kang , Zhou Ji , Zhou Dan , Zhang Lu , Zhen Haifeng , Yang Wenqun , Tan Zhenqing , Zhu Kaibo , Luo Zimian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs a subtype of lymphocyte, natural killer (NK) cell is the first line of defense that shows a strong function in tumor immunotherapy response and clinical outcomes. The current study aims to investigate the prognostic influence of peripheral blood absolute NK cell count after four cycles of rituximab combined with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP) treatment (NKCC4) in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. A total of 261 DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP from January 2018 to September 2022 were enrolled. The low NKCC4 was observed in patients who died during the study period compared with survival individuals. A NKCC4 < 135 cells/μl had a remarkable negative influence in overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to a NKCC4 ≥ 135 cells/μl (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0004, respectively). In addition, the OS and PFS were synergistically lower in a NKCC4 < 135 cells/μl group among DLBCL patients with GCB type or high IPI. In conclusion, this study indicates NCKK4 as a valuable marker in clinical practice and provides an insight for combination treatment of R-CHOP to improve outcomes of DLBCL patients.
A constrained swarm optimization algorithm for large-scale long-run investments using Sharpe ratio-based performance measures
Authors: Kaucic Massimiliano , Piccotto Filippo , Sbaiz Gabriele 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study large-scale portfolio optimization problems in which the aim is to maximize a multi-moment performance measure extending the Sharpe ratio. More specifically, we consider the adjusted for skewness Sharpe ratio, which incorporates the third moment of the returns distribution, and the adjusted for skewness and kurtosis Sharpe ratio, which exploits in addition the fourth moment. Further, we account for two types of real-world trading constraints. On the one hand, we impose stock market restrictions through cardinality, buy-in thresholds, and budget constraints. On the other hand, a turnover threshold restricts the total allowed amount of trades in the rebalancing phases. To deal with these asset allocation models, we embed a novel hybrid constraint-handling procedure into an improved dynamic level-based learning swarm optimizer. A repair operator maps candidate solutions onto the set characterized by the first type of constraints. Then, an adaptive $$\ell _1$$

ℓ
1

-exact penalty function manages turnover violations. The focus of the paper is to highlight the importance of including higher-order moments in the performance measures for long-run investments, in particular when the market is turbulent. We carry out empirical tests on two worldwide sets of assets to illustrate the scalability and effectiveness of the proposed strategies, and to evaluate the performance of our investments compared to the strategy maximizing the Sharpe ratio.