bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective comparison of clinical and ultrasonic methods of predicting normal and abnormal fetal growth
Authors: Okonofua F.E. , Ayangade S.O. , Chan R.C.W. , O'Brien P.M.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractCharts of symphysial‐fundal height (SFH) and ultrasound growth of fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) and abdominal circumference (FAC) were used simultaneously for the antenatal diagnosis of altered fetal growth in 100 patients. After delivery, infants were classified as small‐for‐gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) by birthweight and the postnatal diagnoses compared to antenatal diagnoses. The results indicate that although SFH is as good as ultrasound in predicting normal fetal growth, it is less sensitive than ultrasound for the diagnosis of SGA infants and even less so for macrosomia.It is concluded that SFH should be retained or instituted as a routine screening test for abnormal fetal growth.
Severe hypoglycemia during pregnancy: Its frequency and predisposing factors in diabetic women
Authors: Rayburn W. , Piehl E. , Jacober S. , Schork A. , Ploughman L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSevere hypoglycemic episodes, as defined as altered consciousness to the extent that self treatment is impossible, were sought prospectively in pregnant diabetic women. One or more episodes were found in none of 21 gestational onset, insulin‐requiring women during their 28 pregnancies but were present in 19 (33%) of the 57 already insulin dependent (Type 1) women during 26 (36%) of their 72 pregnancies. The most common predisposing factors included strict glucose control, anorexia, early morning hours (1200‐0900), lack of an adrenergic response and time shortly before the next anticipated meal.
Mortality associated with sterilization: Preliminary results of an international collaborative observational study
Authors: Rochat R.W. , Bhiwandiwala P.P. , Feldblum P.J. , Peterson H.B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSterilization is the contraceptive method most widely used worldwide, yet the case‐fatality rate of deaths attributable to sterilization is not known. We used data collected from 1971–1979 from 28 countries by Family Health International to estimate case‐fatality rates. We adjusted these rates for individuals lost to follow‐up.Of 41,834 sterilizations, 23 resulted in deaths temporally associated with the procedure used. The adjusted attributable case‐fatality rates were 13.4 per 100,000 for interval procedures, 53.3 per 100,000 for postabortion procedures, and 43.4 per 100,000 sterilizations after vaginal delivery.Multiple factors contributed to the deaths, including pre‐existing health problems, infection and anesthesia. Prevention of deaths resulting from sterilization depends on complete ascertainment of deaths associated with sterilization and careful investigation to determine preventable risk factors.We conclude that, overall, sterilization in these programs was conducted with very low attributable mortality.
Outcome of pregnancy following investigation and treatment of infertility
Authors: Varma T.R. , Patel R.H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe studied 500 women who conceived after investigation and treatment for different infertility problems and compared the outcome of the 5 infertility groups (Group 1 to 5), the ovulatory dysfunction (Group 1), male infertility (Group 2), A.I.D. (Group 3), tubal surgery and IVF (Group 4) and no treatment (Group 5) with the outcome in the hospital group during a period of 3 years. The incidence of abortion in Group 3 is significantly higher (13.8%), the incidence of ectopic pregnancy is significantly higher in Group 4 (21.7%) as compared with the incidence in the hospital group (P < 0.01). The rate of pre‐existing hypertension and gestational diabetes is significantly higher in all the 5 infertility groups as compared with the incidence in the hospital group (P < 0.05). The incidence of preterm labor in general is less in the infertility group as compared with the incidence in the hospital group (P > 0.05). The incidence of older women, multiple pregnancy, induction of labor, operative deliveries, fetal distress, low Apgar score, babies with birth weight below the tenth centile were higher in the infertility groups (P < 0.05). But the perinatal mortality or major or minor fetal anomalies were not significantly different in the infertility groups as compared with the rate in the hospital groups (P > 0.05).
Intracervical administration of prostaglandin E2‐gel prior to therapeutic abortion: a prospective randomized double‐blind study
Authors: Shalev E. , Tsabari A. , Edelstein S. , Weiner E. , Zuckerman H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractForty primigravid women due to undergo first trimster termination of pregnancy were randomly selected for intracervical application of 1 mg prostaglandin E2 in gel or gel only as placebo. In the PGE2‐gel group, a marked dilatation of the cervical canal was obtained, with post‐gel treatment mean Hegar dilatation of 11.18 mm in that group, compared to 4.4 mm in the control group (P 0.001). Moreover, 16 (80%) patients in the PGE2‐gel group had a complete abortion, one (5%) patient had an incomplete abortion and in the remaining three (15%) patients, fetal demise was observed. The mean induction‐abortion interval in this group was 7.5 h. In the placebo group, none of the above effects were observed. The only side effect noted was vomiting, which occurred in five (25%) of the patients in the PGE2‐gel group. Termination of pregnancy was found to be easier in the PGE2‐gel group, compared to the placebo group.
The incidence of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infections among patients in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Drescher C. , Elkins T.E. , Adkeo O. , Akins‐Bekoe P. , Agbemadzo T. , Foster R.L. , Martey J.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe incidence of urogenital chlamydia infections among selected patients in Kumasi, Ghana was evaluated using an immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody technique. Chlamydia trachomatis was identified in 4 of 110 patients presenting for prenatal care, 2 of 55 female patients with infertility and 6 of 15 males with acute urethritis. The findings demonstrate that C. trachomatis is a frequently identified pathogen among male patients presenting with symptoms of acute urethritis; however, the incidence of chlamydia infections among asymptomatic patients is relatively low.
Sonographic study of the endometrial responses to ovarian hormones in patients receiving ovarian stimulation
Authors: Sakamoto C. , Yoshimitsu K. , Nakamura G. , Ootsuka H. , Yoshida K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA total of 486 endometrial sonograms from 60 cases were reviewed to study the endometrial responses. There was a significant change in the proportion of each sonographic criterion between the pre‐ and post‐ovulatory phases. After ovulation endometrial image showed distinct changes, and its thickness increased. These results suggest that classification of endometrial sonograms according to criteria and thickness measurements provides useful information.
Virilization due to a rare ovarian tumor in a postmenopausal woman
Authors: Varma T.R. , Patel R.H. , Burke M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA 60‐year‐old postmenopausal woman presented with evidence of hirsutism, alopecia and mild virilization. Clinical examination and biochemical abnormalities suggested that the source of androgen excess was ovarian, and an ovarian tumor was confirmed and removed at laparotomy followed by normal endocrine profile in the postoperative period.
Endoscopic suspension of vaginal prolapse
Authors: Palma P.C.R. , Pinotti J.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA new alternative for the surgical treatment of vaginal prolapse is presented in which the prolapse vagina is brought towards the abdominal wall using an extraperitoneal abdomino perineal approach with endoscopic control. The technique consists of a small suprapubic transverse incision to expose the abdominis rectus muscle aponeurosis. A Stamey needle is passed retropubically to the vagina and the extremity of a helicoidal suture previously made in the vaginal wall is introduced in the eye of the needle. It is then withdrawn to bring the thread to the suprapubic region. The maneuver is repeated on the other side and the threads are tied up over the aponeurosis of the rectus abdominis muscles, bringing the vagina to its original position. Endoscopic control is important to avoid bladder perforation.
Serum lactic dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in patients with ovarian dysgerminoma
Authors: Yoshimura T. , Takemori K. , Okazaki T. , Suzuki A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractLactic dehydrogenase (LDH) is a glycolytic enzyme that may be elevated in the serum of patients with gonadal and extragonadal germinomas. In this report, a case of unilateral ovarian pure dysgerminoma with remarkably elevated levels of serum LDH is presented. After complete excision of the tumor, serum LDH levels promptly returned to normal levels. Although an electrophoretic pattern of serum LDH isoenzymes was within normal limits pre‐operatively, an increase in LDH‐1 and 2 was found 1 week after operation. Seventeen additional examples of ovarian dysgerminomas with elevated serum LDH levels have been reported in the English literature including five cases who had high levels of two fast fractions of LDH. These data suggest that serum LDH levels and its isoenzymes pattern are useful tumor markers for diagnosis and post‐therapy surveillance in patients with ovarian dysgerminomas.
Management of vesico‐uterine fistulae: a report of six cases
Authors: Kumar A. , Vaidyanathan S. , Sharma S.K. , Sharma A.K. , Goswami A.K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSix cases of vesico‐uterine fistulae caused by cesarean section in four and pelvic trauma in two cases were treated during the past 15 years. Both the cases of vesico‐uterine fistulae due to pelvic trauma and one case of vesico‐uterine fistula due to cesarean section in whom the fistula was detected in the early post‐operative period, could be managed successfully by suprapubic urinary diversion and control of infection. Two patients who were seen more than 1 year after the cesarean section, were cured by trans‐abdominal closure of the fistula with omental interposition. One patient who reported 3 months after the cesarean section was managed by estrogen and progesterone‐induced amenorrhea. The management protocol for vesico‐uterine fistula should thus be individualised taking into consideration the etiology, and time interval between its occurrence and institution of treatment regimen.
Interval insertion of an intrauterine contraceptive device following cesarean section
Authors: Holloway G.A. , Goldstuck N.D. , Bowen D. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwo previous studies of interval insertion of intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) in women with previous cesarean delivery produced conflicting results. We studied the first and subsequent segment IUCD performance in 215 women with one or more cesarean deliveries. All the insertions were performed by doctors in the outpatient department of the hospital. The follow‐up rate at 6 months was over 80%. There was a higher than expected expulsion rate of 19 per 100 insertions in the first 12 months, in both the first and subsequent segments. Other IUCD related problems were in keeping with expectations. The IUCD nonetheless remains a useful contraceptive option for these women.
Pneumoperitoneum due to peritoneovaginal fistula following hysterectomy
Authors: Massad L.S. , Santoriello K. , Berchuck A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA patient with pneumoperitoneum that developed due to peritoneovaginal fistula following hysterectomy is presented. In addition, we have reviewed the literature and formulated guidelines for the management of this problem. Most patients present following sexual intercourse and in many cases the fistula can be diagnosed radiographically. Laparotomy may be avoided if the cause of the fistula is suspected. Surgical closure of the fistula may be unnecessary since spontaneous closure occurs frequently.
Fertility after ectopic pregnancy in an African population
Authors: Ogunniyi S.O. , Faleyimu B.L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractCases of ectopic pregnancy were studied retrospectively at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile‐Ife, Nigeria, for the period from January 1, 1977 to June 30, 1987. The records of 108 patients who had at least 1 year of follow‐up were reviewed to determine their subsequent reproductive performance. Thirty‐eight patients (35.9%) subsequently conceived, 15 (13.9%) had recurrent ectopic pregnancy, 21 (19.4%) delivered at term, and 40 (37%) remained secondarily infertile. Thirty patients were sterilized or using contraception.
Cost effectiveness of ambulatory uterine activity monitoring
Authors: Morrison J.C. , Martin J.N. , Martin R.W. , Hess L.W. , Gookin K.S. , Wiser W.L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA cost analysis is presented comparing 34 patients who received uterine activity monitoring versus 33 patients who attempted to detect uterine activity by palpation. All patients were at high risk for preterm delivery and were given the same educational information and prenatal care regarding signs and symptoms of preterm labor. The results revealed an increase in newborn days (640) and cost to those patients who were in the self‐palpation group ($13,364) compared to monitored parturients (268 days and $8,633). The difference was attributed to neonatal morbidity from an increased number of preterm deliveries > 26 weeks but < 37 weeks (P = 0.04). The increase in NICU days was significant (P = 0.03). No difference in normal newborn costs for infants delivered after > 33 weeks could be detected between the two groups, but morbidity was increased among control infants delivering between 34 and 36 weeks. Uterine activity monitoring to prevent preterm birth appears to be medically effective and reduces cost.
Ogilvie's syndrome in the postcesarean section patient
Authors: Rodriguez‐Ballesteros R. , Torres‐Bautista A. , Torres‐Valadez F. , Ruiz‐Moreno J.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwo cases of colonic pseudo‐obstruction (the so‐called Ogilvie's syndrome) are reported. Both patients were in the immediate postcesarean section puerperium. The importance of early diagnosis in these cases is stressed, because this complication has a high mortality rate, frequently in relation to delayed diagnosis and treatment. One patient was successfully treated with conservative measures because diagnosis was made early. A plain X‐ray abdominal film which shows cecum dilatation, with or without ascending and transverse colon dilatation, and no distal air, makes the diagnosis. A cecum diameter of 9 cm or more is a surgical indication, because the possibility of wall perforation is high. Surgical techniques are: puncture decompression or cecostomy. When cecum diameter is less than 9 cm, non‐surgical measures (nasogastric suction, correction of any fluid and electrolytic imbalance, and maybe a flatus tube) are indicated. Observation through repeated X‐ray abdominal films shows when the surgical indication appears: (1) failure of the conservative treatment (cecal distension continues or increases); or (2) cecal perforation is documented.
Recurrent trophoblastic neoplasia
Authors: Nalini V. , Dasan J. , Mathura Vani K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAn unusual case of recurrent benign trophoblastic growth occurring for the fourth time in a gravida 4, para 0, 30‐year‐old woman is reported. Prophylactic chemotherapy was instituted to avert the disaster again, without success. The question of her future obstetric outcome poses a formidable dilemma and no radical measures could be undertaken, as the patient hoped for a normal pregnancy.
Eclampsia and fetal sex
Authors: López‐Llera M.M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe study of the possible importance of the sex of the fetus on the frequency and clinical characteristics of 777 singleton pregnancies complicated by antepartum eclampsia showed that; (1) the male to female ratio for the total group was 1.23/1, (2) this figure was 1.27/1 in first pregnancies and 1.32/1 in patients less than 20 years old, (3) the ratio increased to 1.44/1 in women more than 30 years of age, and (4) in contrast, 169 postpartum eclampsia cases had a male to female ratio of 1.07/1. There were no statistically significant differences in the obstetric profiles, the main eclamptic symptoms or the fetomaternal mortality figures attributable to the sex of the fetus. However, since eclampsia is more severe in older women, the clinician may see more complications and maternal deaths associated with male fetuses because of their significantly higher ratio. In addition, these findings suggest that the presence of a male fetus with a hormonal and genetic code more different from the mother than with female offspring may be an accessory to the fundamental causes of this disease.
Anamnestic pregnancy risk assessment
Authors: de Caunes F. , Alexander G.R. , Berchel C. , Guengant J.P. , Papiernik E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBased on data obtained from the 1984–1985 Guadeloupean Perinatal Audit, a pregnancy risk scoring system was developed using maternal demographic, socioeconomic, obstetric history and risk characteristics recorded at the first prenatal visit. Various combinations of risk factors were identified for four distinct pregnancy outcomes (perinatal mortality, low birth weight, preterm delivery and intra‐uterine growth retardation). The findings emphasize the importance of developing risk assessments for discrete pregnancy outcomes within specific populations.
Comparative study of Filshie clip and Pomeroy method for postpartum sterilization
Authors: Yan J.‐S. , Hsu J. , Yin C.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA prospective randomized comparison of the peri‐operative complications and long‐term sequelae between the Filshie clip and Pomeroy methods was undertaken in 200 postpartum women at Tri‐Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. The peri‐operative complications in either group were mild and infrequent. One pregnancy in the Pomeroy group was reported after follow‐up for 24 months. No significant difference between the two groups was found in respect to long‐term sequelae.
The commitment to breastfeeding
Authors: Brady N.C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe Agency for International Development (A.I.D.) is increasing its efforts to promote breastfeeding, as part of its child survival initiatives in child spacing, diarrheal disease control, and nutrition. Research suggests that promotion can increase breastfeeding rates. The Agency, for the first time, has set aside funds specifically for breastfeeding promotion and is working to identify places in its programs where such promotion can take place.
The effect of breastfeeding promotion on the infertile postpartum period
Authors: Perez A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA new project is testing whether a breastfeeding promotion program will change breastfeeding behavior and the length of postpartum amenorrhea. The control group and 100 of the eventual 400 experimental subjects have been recruited. The program consists of workshops, prenatal care, maternity ward postpartum care, early home visits, and a breastfeeding outpatient clinic. Early results seem to indicate decreased use of pacifiers and foods and fluids other than breast milk by women in the study group.
Breastfeeding trends and the breastfeeding promotion program in the Philippines
Authors: Williamson N.E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBreastfeeding duration and incidence have declined in the Philippines since 1973, particularly in urban, better‐educated, and higher income groups. As more and more women move into these modern groups breastfeeding may continue to decline, making attempts to decrease fertility more difficult. The National Movement for the Promotion of Breastfeeding seeks to overcome the declines by encouraging a wide range of breastfeeding promotion activities including improving hospital practices and implementing a 5‐year plan.
A midwife's view of the history of modern breastfeeding practices
Authors: Fisher C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe author finds that three things make breastfeeding successful: the mother's desire; correct positioning of the baby; and the baby's control of time at the breast. Restrictions of feeding time originated early in this century. Combined with descriptions of babies sucking from the nipple instead of the breast, misinformation has spread about breastfeeding in spite of correct knowledge being available. A review of textbooks and articles should be undertaken.
Food supplementation programs and breastfeeding practices
Authors: Marchione T.J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThere has been insufficient evaluation of food supplementation programs and their effect on breastfeeding. On the one hand, they reach millions of childbearing women, often in rural areas with little or no other services, and act as a magnet for other health interventions to take place. On the other hand, the risks of substituting food assistance for breast milk and overburdening health personnel with feeding responsibilities, contradict breastfeeding promotion efforts. There is some evidence that focusing on pregnant women rather than infants will reduce these problems and will result in fewer low birth weight babies and better capacity for the mother to produce breast milk.
Technical working group D report: Government and donor support for breastfeeding in health and health‐related programs
Authors: Hogan Robert , Cravero Kathleen , Dabbs Carol 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe purpose of this working group was to design a general strategy for government and donor support for breastfeeding promotion in health‐related and other non‐maternity health programs. First, it is important to examine the reasons why governments and donor agencies accept or reject programs to support.
Twin gestations and prophylactic hospitalization
Authors: Younis J.S. , Sadovsky E. , Eldar‐Geva T. , Mildwidsky A. , Zeevi D. , Zajicek G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe study evaluates the benefit of elective hospitalization in preventing premature deliveries of twin gestations. Three groups of women with twin gestations, having no other complications of pregnancy which could cause premature delivery, were evaluated. The study group was comprised of 43 women who were electively hospitalized between 30—32 and 36 weeks of gestation. Control group 1 was comprised of 55 women who were not hospitalized but were instructed to rest at home. Control group 2 was comprised of 53 women who were not hospitalized and were not instructed to rest at home. Our results showed that elective hospitalization did not significantly affect the gestational duration or the prematurity rate. However the mean birthweight difference between the study group and the two control groups were 143 ± 83 g and 205 ± 84 g, respectively. This result was more significant in multiparous women. The slight increase in birthweight of the hospitalized women compared to the controls, does not seem to justify the cost of hospitalization.
Gravid uterus in an anterior abdominal wall hernia of a Nigerian woman
Authors: Dare F.O. , Makinde O.O. , Lawal O.O. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA case of a gravid uterus in an incisional hernia in the anterior abdominal wall of a 27‐year‐old Nigerian woman is presented. The patient developed an ulceration of the anterior abdominal wall necessitating prolonged hospitalization. She was delivered by emergency lower segment cesarean section at 35 weeks gestational age because of premature labor. The patient unfortunately died from primary postpartum hemorrhage.