bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LPA in neural cell development
Authors: Fukushima Nobuyuki 
Published: May 2004

AbstractLysophosphatidic acid (LPA) elicits diverse cellular responses through cell surface LPA receptors in nervous system‐derived cells and cell lines. The developing nervous system is one of the major loci for LPA receptor expression. Recent studies have also revealed that metabolic pathways of LPA are present in the nervous system. A growing body of literature suggests a crucial role for LPA in neuronal development processes, including neurogenesis, neuronal migration, neuritogenesis, and myelination. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Application of n.c.a. 4‐[18F]fluorophenol in diaryl ether syntheses of 2‐(4‐[18F]fluorophenoxy)‐benzylamines
Authors: Stoll Timo , Ermert Johannes , Oya Shunichi , Kung Hank F. , Coenen Heinz H. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe availability of no‐carrier‐added (n.c.a.) 4‐[18F]fluorophenol offers the possibility of introducing the 4‐[18F]fluorophenoxy moiety into potential radiopharmaceuticals. Besides alkyl–aryl ether synthesis using n.c.a. 4‐[18F]fluorophenol the diaryl ether coupling is an attractive synthetic method to enlarge the spectrum of interesting labelling procedures. As examples the syntheses of n.c.a. 2‐(4‐[18F]fluorophenoxy)‐N,N‐dimethylbenzylamine and n.c.a. 2‐(4‐[18F]fluorophenoxy)‐N‐methylbenzylamine were realized by an Ullmann ether synthesis of corresponding 2‐bromobenzoic acid amides using tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) hexafluorophosphate as catalyst and a subsequent reduction of the amides formed. The radiochemical yield of the coupling varied between 5 and 65% based on labelled 4‐[18F]fluorophenol. Both compounds are structural analogues of recently published radiotracers for imaging the serotonin reuptake transporter sites (SERT). However, in vitro binding assays of both molecules showed only a low affinity towards monoamine transporters. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PCR‐based amplicon length polymorphisms (ALPs) at microsatellite loci and indels from non‐coding DNA regions of cloned genes as a means of authenticating commercial Japanese green teas
Authors: Kaundun Shiv Shankhar , Matsumoto Satoru 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe have developed PCR‐based DNA markers with the objective of authenticating, and discouraging the fraudulent commercialization of, the forty‐four most cultivated Japanese green teas. For this purpose we have generated amplicon length polymorphisms (ALPs) by targeting microsatellite loci using nucleotide information from other species and indels located in the non‐coding regions of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL) and dihydroflavonol 4‐reductase (DFR) genes in tea. One useful indel was detected in the unique intron of PAL and three others in introns 2, 3 and 5 of the DFR gene. All four nuclear microsatellite loci were polymorphic showing three to four alleles per locus, while only one out of the four chloroplast loci was variable with two distinct haplotypes. PCR primers were designed to amplify small but variable PCR fragments in such a way that they were applicable to low amounts of highly degraded DNA. The markers devised here were sufficient to differentiate all the teas, although a combination of several loci was necessary for most of them. This single‐step PCR‐based methodology is more effective than the PCR‐RFLP technique commonly used for identifying food materials and will be useful for the certification of commercial Japanese green teas. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Generalization of Runge‐Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method to LWR traffic flow model with inhomogeneous road conditions
Authors: Zhang Peng , Liu Ru‐Xun 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe discussed model is characterized by changeable lane numbers and free flow velocities that give rise to the spatially varying flux function in conservation equation. Accordingly a new numerical flux and a new limiter for the Runge‐Kutta Discontinuous Galerkin method are considered, which are compared with a natural but simple extension. It is verified that the new generalization is of high‐resolution and has wider stable and convergent ranges. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2005
Growth hormone therapy for short stature in Diamond Blackfan anemia
Authors: Scott Emily Gale , Haider Anzar , Hord Jeffrey 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBackgroundWe report a 13‐year‐old male with Diamond Blackfan anemia and short stature. He had a normal biochemical response to growth hormone (GH) stimulation, but his bone age was delayed, his insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) was low, and he had a poor growth velocity. He was started on daily GH injections.MethodsFrom the patient's medical record the following data were collected: serial heights, serial weights, hemoglobin, hematocrit, bone age, IGF‐1, and steroid dose.ResultsThis patient had an increase in growth velocity up to 8.2 cm/year.ConclusionsGrowth hormone therapy should be considered in children with DBA, short stature and poor growth velocity. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Management of coagulopathy with recombinant factor VIIa in a neonate with echovirus type 7
Authors: Tancabelic Jakica , Haun Steven Edward 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA 5‐day‐old newborn presented with neonatal enteroviral infection. The patient's hospital course was complicated by acute liver dysfunction, renal insufficiency, fluid overload, respiratory failure, hypertension, catheter related thrombosis, Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis, intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhage, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Administration of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and cryoprecipitate failed to control the patient's hemostasis and led to significant fluid overload. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa, Novoseven® NovoNordisk, Bagsvaerd, Denmark) was given to the neonate as a bolus (rFVIIa at 60–80 μg/kg body weight), followed by a continuous infusion (2.5–16 μg/kg/hr). Recombinant activated factor VII controlled hemostasis, until the patient's liver function recovered. The patient's blood product requirement significantly decreased and his fluid overload resolved. Administration of rFVIIa appears to have stabilized the coagulation process. The patient appears to have fully recovered from the infection's complications. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Infective endocarditis (IE) in children receiving treatment for cancer
Authors: Rech Angela , Loss Jiseh F. , Machado Adão , Brunetto Algemir L. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractInfective endocarditis (IE) is rare in children but is associated with substantial morbidity/mortality. Medical records of 161 new patients admitted to the Pediatric Oncology Unit in a 2 years period were reviewed to identify patients with a diagnosis of IE following the Duke criteria. Nine patients developed IE; their ages ranged from 2.4 to 11.3 years. The patients received treatment according to the results of blood cultures. TIPs are associated with a high rate of IE. The diagnosis of IE should be considered in children with cancer who have major/minor criteria as defined by the Duke criteria. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and fungicidal activity of ethaboxam against Oomycetes
Authors: Kim Dal‐Soo , Chun Sam‐Jae , Jeon Jae‐Jin , Lee Sang‐Who , Joe Goon‐Ho 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis study describes the chemical synthesis and intrinsic fungicidal activity of ethaboxam [(RS)‐N‐(α‐cyano‐2‐thenyl)‐4‐ethyl‐2‐(ethylamino)‐1,3‐thiazole‐5‐carboxamide], a new Oomycetes fungicide. In in vitro tests, ethaboxam showed inhibitory activity against isolates of Phytophthora and some Pythium spp, with MIC values ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 mg litre−1 for nine isolates of Phytophthora infestans (Montagne) de Bary and from 1.0 to 5.0 mg litre−1 for eight isolates of Phytophthora capsici Leonian. In tests to determine time and concentration for complete inactivation of each pathogen (five isolates of P infestans and five isolates of P capsici), ethaboxam inactivated all isolates of P infestans within 48 h at 10 mg litre−1 and those of P capsici within 96 h at 10 mg litre−1. Ethaboxam effectively suppressed development of tomato late blight caused by P infestans and pepper Phytophthora blight caused by P capsici in the studies conducted to determine its preventive, curative, persistent and systemic activity. These results show that ethaboxam has desirable fungicidal characteristics as an Oomycetes fungicide. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Interfacial diffusion in Fe/Cr multilayers studied by synchrotron X‐ray techniques
Authors: Cho Tae Sik , Yi Min Su , Doh Seok Joo , Je Jung Ho , Noh Do Young 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe have studied the interfacial diffusion of Fe/Cr multilayers using synchrotron X‐ray techniques, such as X‐ray reflectivity, extended X‐ray absorption fine structures (EXAFS), and high‐resolution X‐ray scattering. The results of X‐ray reflectivity indicated that the interfacial roughness of Fe/Cr multilayers increases with the Cr‐layer thickness. The Fourier transform (FT) of EXAFS data clearly showed that the Fe atoms dominantly diffuse into the stable Cr layers at the Fe/Cr interface. The results of high‐resolution X‐ray scattering supported the interfacial diffusion of Fe atoms. Our study revealed that the dominantly interfacial diffusion of Fe atoms into the Cr layers effects the interfacial roughness of the Fe/Cr multilayers. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetic properties of Mn‐doped Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3
Authors: Choi Jeongyong , Choi Sungyoul , Choi Jiyoun , Park Yongsup , Park Hyun‐Min , Lee Hee‐Woong , Woo Byung‐Chul , Cho Sunglae 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe have fabricated Mn‐doped Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 single crystals by the vertical gradient solidification method. The compositions and crystal structures of Bi2−xMnxTe3 and Sb2−xMnxTe3 were determined using Electron Probe Micro‐Analyzer (EPMA) and powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, respectively. Both crystal structures were rhombohedral with smaller lattice constants because of the smaller atomic radius of Mn than those of Bi and Sb. Based on the magnetization measurements, Mn‐doped Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 compounds have ferromagnetic ordering at TC = 10 and 17 K, respectively. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Modern computational magnetism: role of noncollinear magnetism in complex magnetic phenomena
Authors: Freeman A. J. , Nakamura Kohji 
Published: May 2004

AbstractModern computational magnetism continues to grow at an accelerating pace stimulated by new and exciting discoveries important for basic science and technological applications. Here, we review some recent important progress made in treating complex noncollinear magnetic phenomena arising from the breaking of symmetry at surfaces, interfaces, and nanostructures, by means of our newly generalized first principles full‐potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method for noncollinear magnetism with no shape approximation to the magnetization. Because of space limitations, we restrict our report to illustrate results of the noncollinear magnetic structures induced at the FM NiFe/AFM NiMn interfaces, in the domain walls of FM Fe and AFM NiMn, and in the vortex cores of an Fe quantum dot. These results are in good agreement with experiments and provide new information about magnetic phenomena at surfaces, interfaces, and in nanostructures. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Circulator with coplanar waveguide structure
Authors: Yamamoto Setsuo , Shitamitsu Keiko , Kurisu Hiroki , Matsuura Mitsuru , Oshiro Kazunori , Mikami Hideto , Fujii Shigeo 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA small size circulator with a coplanar waveguide structure was designed and its transmission characteristics were analyzed using a high frequency electromagnetic simulation based on 3D FEM. The circulator consisted of a YIG ferrite substrate and a transmission line and a ground. When a YIG ferrite substrate with a saturation magnetization of 90 mT was used and a magnetic bias field of 64 kA/m was applied, the circulator operates at 6.98 GHz with an insertion loss |S21| of 1.06 dB, an isolation |S31| of 32.90 dB, a return loss |S11| of 29.89 dB, and a bandwidth (at 20 dB) of 43 MHz. The nonreciprocal transmission characteristics are achieved skillfully utilizing the wavy non‐uniform distribution of microwave. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Evaluation of microstructures of variously heat treated carbon steel by magnetic coercivity measurement
Authors: Byeon Jai Won , Kwun S. I. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe microstructures of variously heat treated 0.85% carbon steel were evaluated by magnetic coercivity measurement. Austenitizing, isothermal transformation, continuous cooling or spheroidization heat treatment was carried out to produce various microstructures. Microstructural parameters such as prior austenite grain size, phase and pearlite interlamellar spacing were measured along with coercivity to investigate the relationships between them. Prior austenite grain size had little effect on the measured coercivity. Coercivity was observed to be high in order of martensite, pearlite and ferrite phase. The linear decrease of coercivity with the increasing pearlite interlamellar spacing was found. Therefore, coercivity was suggested as a potential nondestructive evaluation parameter for assessing the microstructures – pearlite interlamellar spacing and kind of phase – of 0.85% carbon steel. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Crystal structure and multiferroic properties of the BiFeO3–PrFeO3–DyFeO3–BaTiO3 systems
Authors: Kim Jeong Seog , Cheon Chae Il , Oh Wha‐Sook , Jang Pyung Woo 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe binary and quaternary solid solutions (1 – x)BiFeO3–xPrFeO3 and BiFeO3–PrFeO3–DyFeO3–BaTiO3 have been investigated for attaining ferromagnetic ferroelectricity in bulk ceramics. The coexistence of ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity has been observed only in the quaternary compositions, 0.4BiFeO3–0.1PrFeO3–0.1DyFeO3–0.4BaTiO3 (Mr = 0.04 emu/g, Pr = 4.2 μC/cm2) and 0.45BiFeO3–0.075PrFeO3–0.025DyFeO3–0.45BaTiO3 (Mr = 0.03 emu/g, Pr = 1.0 μC/cm2). The introduction of DyFeO3 into the ternary 0.45BiFeO3–0.1PrFeO3–0.45BaTiO3 resulted in the production of spontaneous magnetization. The binary (1 – x)BiFeO3–xPrFeO3 solid solution showed spontaneous magnetization at x ≥ 0.2, but showed paraelectric behavior. The crystal structures have been analyzed using neutron and XRD diffraction data. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of organic additives on magnetoresistance of electrodeposited Ni–Cu thin films
Authors: Hong Kimin , Kim Jin‐Kyu , Lee Seung‐Kwon , Park Sanghun , Gyun Byunggu , Ko Young‐Dong , Jeon Nam‐Jin , Chung Jin‐Seok 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe have investigated the effect of organic additives on electroplated nickel‐copper thin films. The plating electrolyte utilized mixtures of copper sulfate and nickel sulfamate. The electrolyte contained small volumes of an appropriate organic additive known as an accelerator. By simply adding an additive, we could vary the concentration of copper between 5 and 15%. Thin films of nickel‐copper prepared from the electrolyte containing the additive have also shown alteration of crystalline orientations and increase of magnetoresistance from ∼0.55% to ∼1%. This method has advantage of controlling the composition of the co‐deposited nickel‐copper without changes in deposition conditions and inducing a change in magnetoresistance. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Formability and thermal stability of α′ phase in (Fe1−y Coy)–(B, C, N) films
Authors: Sunaga K. , Kadowaki S. , Tsunoda M. , Takahashi M. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn order to find a way to obtain stable α″‐Fe16X2 phase, the formability and thermal stability of α′ (bct) phase were discussed. According to a rigid sphere model, we concluded that the less formability of B for the α′ phase is due to its large atomic radius. We elucidated the difference of thermal stability of α′‐Fe–X, taking into account their decomposition process. While, the decomposition of α′‐Fe–N progresses only by the migration of N, without changing the bone structure of Fe lattice, the additional energy is needed to break the original α‐Fe lattice in the cases of α′‐Fe–B and α′‐Fe–C. Therefore thermal stability of α′‐Fe–B and α′‐Fe–C is higher than that of α′‐Fe–N. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dependence of indices of refraction on Mn composition of Zn1−xMnxSe thin films using prism coupler technique
Authors: Um Y. H. , Hwang Y. H. , Peiris F. C. , Furdyna J. K. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe have measured the dependence of the indices of refraction n on alloy composition x of Zn1−xMnxSe films grown by MBE on GaAs (100) substrates for a series of alloy compositions x. The Mn compositions of the films were determined by XRD. A prism coupler technique was used to measure n and thickness of each of the alloy films. On the whole, the indices of refraction n obtained by this method decrease linearly as increasing x showing an inverse relationship with respect to their band gaps, in spite of showing a minimum in the near‐band gap energy in the region of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1. We obtained a linear calibration function for n as from the prism coupler technique, which can be used to make an accurate estimate the Mn composition in the Zn1−xMnxSe alloy system if you only measure n. And, the crystalline quality of the Zn1−xMnxSe alloy film was deteriorated showing an exponential dependence of FWHM ratio of alloy layer to GaAs substrate obtained from DCRC as increasing Mn mole fraction. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electronic and magnetic properties of MnSnAs2
Authors: Cho Sunglae , Choi Sungyoul , Cha Gi‐Beom , Hong Soon Cheol , Park Yongsup , Park Hyun‐Min , Kim Yunki , Ketterson John B. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe have synthesized MnSnAs2 single crystals using the vertical temperature gradient solidification method. The crystal structure of MnSnAs2 is chalcopyrites, which are “genealogically” related to the more familiar tetrahedrally‐coordinated zinc‐blende materials, with lattice constants of a = 5.794 Å, c = 11.365 Å. Using the experimentally determined lattice constants and crystal structure, we carried out first principles electronic structure calculations, using the full‐potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method in the local density approximation (LDA). The lowest total energies were observed for the AFM state, indicating that AFM ordering in the system is energetically favored at 0 K. We find that MnSnAs2 is metallic in the electronic calculation. Interestingly, MnSnAs2 exhibited ferromagnetism with TC = 328 K. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Resistivities and magnetoresistances of pure, Co‐ and V‐doped Ge single crystals
Authors: Choi Jiyoun , Choi Sungyoul , Hong Soon Cheol , Park Yongsup , Park Hyun‐Min , Kim Y. C. , Cho Sunglae 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe have grown pure, Co‐ and V‐doped Ge bulk single crystals using the vertical gradient solidification method. We measured electrical resistivities, magnetoresistances (MRs) and Hall coefficients of V0.015Ge0.985 and Co0.02Ge0.98 single crystals. The resistivities rapidly increased at low temperature, which might be used for cryogenic thermometer. The MR ratios of V0.015Ge0.985 and Co0.02Ge0.98 are 130 and 90% at 77 K in the field of 5 T, respectively. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quantitative study of magnetoresistance in patterned Ni80Fe20 wires
Authors: Tsai J. L. , Hsieh J. H. , Chen T. Y. , Liou S. H. , Lee S. F. , Yao Y. D. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe domain wall resistivity of the patterned Ni80Fe20 zigzag wires has been studied as functions of the number of corners and temperature in zigzag wires. The quantitative ratio of domain wall magnetoresistance (MR) is estimated by two methods. One is the discontinuous jump that represent the domain state sweep between two states in MR curve. The other is the angular dependence on the resistance at remanent state. The ratio of domain wall MR increased when domain wall number density over total wire length (DWs/L) changed from 12/73 to 34/73 with film thickness 40 nm at 10–300 K. Especially, the ratio of domain wall MR decreased slightly as the temperature ranged from 10 to 300 K. The anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) has been subtracted in the calculation. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of surfactant on properties of magnetic fluids for biomedical application
Authors: Park S. I. , Lim J. H. , Kim J. H. , Yun H. I. , Roh J. S. , Kim C. G. , Kim C. O. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBiocompatible magnetic fluids are applied for medical diagnosis and therapy. In this work, magnetic particles were prepared and then were coated with various 2nd surfactants for obtaining the water‐based magnetic fluids by chemical coprecipitation. Toxicity of each fluid sample was estimated using Sprague–Dawley rats. Finally, the used samples resulted in severe toxic reactions through in vitro, indicating that all samples can not be seen as biocompatible agents or suggesting the possibilities of another effects. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Transport properties of metal/insulator/semiconductor tunnel junctions
Authors: Lee J. H. , Park S. Y. , Jun Kyung‐In , Shin K.‐H. , Hong Jinki , Rhie K. , Lee B. C. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe transport properties of ferromagnet/Al2O3/semiconductor tunnel junctions were investigated. Si and GaAs substrates were used, and CoFe and NiFe were taken for ferromagnets. Diode characteristics were observed in current‐voltage curves. The dependences on the Al2O3 thickness and temperature were also studied. It is found that the Al2O3 layer plays a crucial role in preventing inter‐diffusion at the interface. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of Solenostemma argel on oviposition, egg hatchability and viability of Culex pipiens L. larvae
Authors: Al‐Doghairi Mohammed , El‐Nadi Abdelrahman , Elhag Eltayeb , Al‐Ayedh Hassan 
Published: May 2004

AbstractMethanolic extracts of aerial parts of the medicinal plant Argel (Solenostemma argel (Del.) Hayne), incorporated into rearing media of Culex pipiens L. showed effect on oviposition, egg hatchability and larval viability. Acute toxicity of S. argel extract was found to possess LC50 of 0.037, 0.031, 0.009 and 0.007 ppm and the LC95 was found 0.394, 0.293, 0.065 and 0.030 ppm, after 1, 2, 4 and 7 days against the larva of C. pipiens under laboratory conditions.The ovicidal effect of S. argel was relatively less pronounced, however, the 0.1% concentration reduced egg hatch by 33.7%. The mortality of the newly hatched larvae, reared from eggs in this media, reached 100% at concentrations as low as 0.025%, 2 days post hatching. Complete suppression of oviposition within the ﬁrst 2 days was observed, however its action was gradually lost thereafter.Bioactive effects were mainly attributed to the presence of a variety of bioactive organic substances mainly terpenes, pergenine glucosides, alkaloids and sterols. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.