bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in control and value appraisals predict changes in learning enjoyment: A four‐wave analysis among lower secondary school students
Authors: Hawrot Anna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe control‐value theory of achievement emotions postulates that it is possible to affect achievement emotions by decreasing or increasing control and value appraisals. This implies that changes in the latter should result in changes in the former. However, the assumption has been rarely tested.AimsThis study aimed at verifying whether changes in control and value appraisals – two proximal antecedents of achievement emotions – predicted changes in learning enjoyment over the course of lower secondary school. Moreover, since studying changes requires knowledge of their overall pattern, it also investigated the developmental trajectories of the three student characteristics.SampleThe study used longitudinal data of 5125 German students gathered between Grades 5 and 9, four measurement occasions in total.MethodsThe hypotheses were tested using univariate and multivariate latent change score models.ResultsThe analyses revealed decreases in control and value appraisals and learning enjoyment between Grades 5 and 9. Moreover, the decreases in control and value appraisals predicted the decreases in learning enjoyment.ConclusionsThe study provides support for the change–change assumption, which is one of the key but under‐researched elements of the control‐value theory of achievement emotions. As such, it suggests that alleviating the decrease in control and value appraisals may mitigate the decrease in learning enjoyment. Moreover, by providing longitudinal evidence on the decrease in the three constructs under study, it corroborates the inimical trend observed in past research.
Chimera heuristics: Generative rational heuristics for the unknown from design theory
Authors: Gilain Agathe , Le Masson Pascal , Weil Benoit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe learning strategies offered by science for discovering the world by generating and testing hypotheses have been used abundantly to build decision‐making heuristics. In contrast, decision‐making heuristics for (re)designing the world are rarer. This paper develops a heuristic combining the exploratory power of chimeras with a design logic. Chimeras have long been used to foster imagination and build initially unknown futures. And recent advances in design theory show that in decision‐making situations, chimeras can be generated as nonfalsifiable existential statements about desirable alternatives and events. Moreover, design theory offers learning operations that handle nonfalsifiable statements to generate new real objects. This paper uses these operations to build a rational heuristic that may or may not transform initial chimeras into reality. Its main effect is to ensure that stimulated learning leads to decision alternatives (whether pre‐existing or novel) that surpass the initial optimal one. This paves the way for a class of design‐based heuristics extending the main functions of Bayesian learning to a non‐Bayesian world.
Cosine modulated filter bank‐based architecture for extracting and fusing saliency features
Authors: Ali Md. Yousuf , Jiang Bin , Chowdhury Oindrila , Harun‐Ar‐Rashid Md. , Hossain M. Shamim , AlMutib Khalid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMany academics are interested in content‐based image retrieval techniques like image segmentation. In computer vision, the most popular method for segmenting a digital image into different parts is known as image segmentation. We assigned the artificially intelligent algorithm to the image's critical areas by modeling human features in specific regions. In order to detect the object and identify the key parts in the ‘RGB’ photographs, we combined scenes based on a colour and depth map, or ‘RGB‐D’, and used cosine modulated filter bank (CMFB), which conducts cross‐scale extraction of joint features from the images during feature extraction. The proposed ‘CMFB’ combines the discovered collaborative elements with the discovered supplementary data. The features in multi‐scale images is combined using fusion blocks with the goal of producing additional features (FB). Then, a saliency mapping calculation is made for the loss linked to two blocks. The suggested ‘CMFB’ is tested with the aid of five data sets, and it is shown that, the proposed ‘CMFB’ outperforms other conventional techniques.
Myrtenal exhibits cardioprotective effects by attenuating the pathological progression associated with myocardial infarction
Authors: Abhirami N , Chandran Mahesh , Ramadasan Athira , Bhasura Dhanalekshmi , Plakkal Ayyappan Janeesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMyocardial infarction poses major risks to human health because of their incredibly high rates of morbidity and mortality. Infarctions are more likely to develop as a result of dysregulation of cell death. Myrtenal can be considered for their bioactive beneficial activity in the context of cardiovascular pathologies and, particularly, in the protection toward oxidative stress followed by ischemic injury.ObjectiveThis study aimed to put limelight on the antioxidant, anti‐apoptotic, and antibacterial properties of Myrtenal.MethodsAn in vitro model of oxidative stress‐induced injury was entrenched in H9c2 cells using hydrogen peroxide, and the effects of Myrtenal were investigated. The MTT, cellular enzyme level, staining, and flow cytometry analysis were used to examine protective, antioxidant, and anti‐apoptotic effects. The gene expressions were detected by qPCR. Antibacterial effect and biofilm formation were also done.ResultThe findings revealed that Myrtenal alone had negligible cytotoxic effects and that Myrtenal protects H9c2 against H2O2‐induced cell death at micromolar concentrations. Myrtenal pre‐treatment inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as remarkably decreased the fluorescence intensity of ROS. Additionally, Myrtenal considerably increased the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes while dramatically decreasing the production of MDA and LDH. qPCR demonstrated the downregulation of Cas‐9, TNF‐α, NF‐κB, P53, BAX, iNOS, and IL‐6 expression while an upregulation of Bcl‐2 expression in Myrtenal pre‐treated groups. Myrtenal also holds the magnificent property of inhibiting bacterial growth.ConclusionMyrtenal ameliorates H2O2‐induced cardiomyocyte injury and protects cardiomyocyte by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis and may be a promise drug for the treatment of heart diseases.
Trait–micro‐environment relationships of forest herb communities across Europe
Authors: Govaert Sanne , Meeussen Camille , Vanneste Thomas , Bollmann Kurt , Brunet Jörg , Calders Kim , Cousins Sara A. O. , De Pauw Karen , Diekmann Martin , Graae Bente J. , Hedwall Per‐Ola , Iacopetti Giovanni , Lenoir Jonathan , Lindmo Sigrid , Orczewska Anna , Ponette Quentin , Plue Jan , Sanczuk Pieter , Selvi Federico , Spicher Fabien , Verheyen Kris , Vangansbeke Pieter , De Frenne Pieter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe microclimate and light conditions on the forest floor are strongly modified by tree canopies. Therefore, we need to better consider the micro‐environment when quantifying trait–environment relationships for forest understorey plants. Here, we quantify relationships between micro‐environmental conditions and plant functional traits at the community level, including intraspecific trait variation, and their relationship with microclimate air temperature, light and soil properties.LocationDeciduous temperate forests across Europe.Time period2018.Major taxa studiedHerbaceous vegetation.MethodsWe sampled 225 plots across 15 regions along four complementary gradients capturing both macro‐ and microclimatic conditions including latitude, elevation, forest management and distance to forest edges. We related the community‐weighted mean of five plant functional traits (plant height, specific leaf area [SLA], plant carbon [C], plant nitrogen [N] and plant C:N ratio) across 150 vascular plant species to variation in local microclimate air temperature, light and soil properties. We tested the effect of accounting for intraspecific variation in trait–environment relationships and performed variation partitioning to identify major drivers of trait variation.ResultsMicroclimate temperature, light availability and soil properties were all important predictors of community‐weighted mean functional traits. When light availability and variation in temperature were higher, the herb community often consisted of taller plants with a higher C:N ratio. In more productive environments (e.g. with high soil nitrogen availability), the community was dominated by individuals with resource‐acquisitive traits: high SLA and N but low C:N. Including intraspecific trait variation increased the strength of the trait–micro‐environment relationship, and increased the importance of light availability.Main conclusionsThe trait–environment relationships were much stronger when the micro‐environment and intraspecific trait variation were considered. By locally steering light availability and temperature, forest managers can potentially impact the functional signature of the forest herb‐layer community.
Predictive value of the Ishii score for sarcopenia and the prognosis of older patients hospitalized with heart failure
Authors: Maeda Daichi , Matsue Yuya , Kagiyama Nobuyuki , Fujimoto Yudai , Sunayama Tsutomu , Dotare Taishi , Nakade Taisuke , Jujo Kentaro , Saito Kazuya , Noda Takumi , Yamashita Masashi , Kamiya Kentaro , Saito Hiroshi , Ogasahara Yuki , Maekawa Emi , Konishi Masaaki , Kitai Takeshi , Iwata Kentaro , Wada Hiroshi , Hiki Masaru , Kasai Takatoshi , Nagamatsu Hirofumi , Ozawa Tetsuya , Izawa Katsuya , Yamamoto Shuhei , Aizawa Naoki , Wakaume Kazuki , Oka Kazuhiro , Momomura Shin‐ichi , Minamino Tohru 
Published: November 2023

AimsAlthough sarcopenia is common and associated with poor outcomes in patients with heart failure, its simple screening methods remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the predictive value of the Ishii score, which includes age, grip strength, and calf circumference, for sarcopenia and its prognostic predictability in patients with heart failure.MethodsThis was a subanalysis of the FRAGILE‐HF study. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the predictive value for sarcopenia. Patients were stratified into the high and low Ishii score groups based on the cutoff values of the Ishii score determined by the Youden index for sarcopenia, and the 1‐year mortality rates were compared.ResultsOf the 1262 study participants, 936 were evaluated with sarcopenia, and 184 (55 women, 129 men) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for sarcopenia were 0.73 and 0.87 for women and men, respectively. The optimal cutoff values for predicting sarcopenia were 165 and 141 for women and men, respectively. Using these cutoff values, the sensitivity and specificity for sarcopenia were 70.9% and 68.5% for women and 88.4% and 69.7% for men, respectively. At 1 year, 151 (low Ishii score group, 98; high Ishii score group, 53) deaths were observed. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that the high Ishii score group was significantly associated with 1‐year mortality.ConclusionAmong older patients hospitalized for heart failure, the Ishii score is useful for predicting sarcopenia and 1‐year mortality. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 147–153.
Visualization of the landscape of the read alignment shape of ATAC‐seq data using Hellinger distance metric
Authors: Cheng Jian Hao , Zheng Cheng , Yamada Ryo , Okada Daigo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAssay for Transposase‐Accessible Chromatin using high‐throughput sequencing (ATAC‐seq) is the popular technique using next‐generation sequencing to measure chromatin accessibility and identify open chromatin regions. While read alignment shape information of next‐generation sequencing data with intensity information has been used in various bioinformatics methods, few studies have focused on pure shape information alone. In this study, we investigated what types of ATAC‐seq read alignment shapes are observed for the promoter region and whether the pure shape information was related or unrelated to other gene features. We introduced a novel concept and pipeline for handling the pure shape information of NGS data as probability distributions and quantifying their dissimilarities by information theory. Based on this concept, we demonstrate that the pure shape information of ATAC‐seq data is correlated with chromatin openness and some gene characteristics. On the other hand, it is suggested that the pure information of ATAC‐seq read alignment shape is unlikely to contain additional information to explain differences in RNA expression. Our study suggests that viewing the read alignment shape of NGS data as probability distributions enables us to capture the characteristics of the genome‐wide landscape of such data in a non‐parametric manner.
Codesigning implementation strategies to improve evidence‐based stroke rehabilitation: A feasibility study
Authors: Lynch Elizabeth A. , Bulto Lemma N. , West Maria , Cadilhac Dominique A. , Cooper Fawn , Harvey Gillian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPeople with lived experience are rarely involved in implementation science research. This study was designed to assess the feasibility of codesigning and delivering implementation strategies with people with lived experience of stroke and health professionals to improve evidence‐based stroke rehabilitation.MethodsWe used Experience‐Based CoDesign to design and deliver strategies to implement Stroke Clinical Guideline recommendations at one Australian inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit. Workgroups were formed with health professionals and people with 6–12 months experience of living with stroke (survivors and carers). Feasibility of the codesign approach (focusing on acceptability, implementation fidelity, signal of promise) was evaluated using mixed methods, using data from interviews, observations and inpatient self‐reported outcomes.ResultsOf 18 people with stroke invited, eight (44%) agreed to join the lived experience workgroup. All disciplines with ≥1 full‐time staff members on the stroke unit were represented on the health professional workgroup. Median workgroup attendance over 6 months was n = 8 health professionals, n = 4 survivors of stroke and n = 1 carers. Workgroup members agreed to focus on two Guideline recommendations: information provision and amount of therapy. Workgroup members indicated that the codesign approach was enjoyable and facilitated effective partnerships between health professionals and lived experience workgroup members. Both cohorts reported contributing valuable input to all stages of the project, with responsibility shifting between groups at different project stages. The codesigned strategies signalled promise for improving aspects of information provision and creating additional opportunities for therapy. We could not compare patient‐reported outcomes before and after the implementation period due to high variability between the preimplementation and postimplementation patient cohorts.ConclusionIt is feasible to codesign implementation strategies in inpatient rehabilitation with people with lived experience of stroke and health professionals. More research is required to determine the effect of the codesigned strategies on patient and service outcomes.Patient or Public ContributionPeople with lived experience of stroke codesigned and evaluated implementation strategies. Author F. C. has lived experience of stroke and being an inpatient at the inpatient rehabilitation service, and has provided input into analysis of the findings and preparation of this manuscript.
Co‐designing a telepractice journey map with disability customers and clinicians: Partnering with users to understand challenges from their perspective
Authors: Benz Cloe , Scott‐Jeffs William , Revitt Jerah , Brabon Chloe , Fermanis Chloe , Hawkes Melanie , Keane Catherine , Dyke Robert , Cooper Samantha , Locantro Matthew , Welsh Mai , Norman Richard , Hendrie Delia , Robinson Suzanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionTelepractice has the potential to align with the directive to reduce inequalities by United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 10. Telepractice additionally addresses a national digital health strategic plan for accessible digitally enabled models of care. To plan improvements, it is essential to understand the experience of telepractice for people with disability, which may be achieved through an approach such as journey mapping. The current article provides both a disability‐specific case study and a methodological guide for the inclusion of customers and clinicians in the meaningful redevelopment of services. The Perth, Australia‐based case study aimed to gain insights into the experience of telepractice for people with disability. The methodological aim describes using co‐design to produce a journey map in collaboration with customers and clinicians, for potential replication in a wide range of health and social care contexts.MethodInterview transcripts gathered from a cohort of customer participants (n = 17) were used to inform the journey map. A group of customers (n = 5) and clinicians plus one manager (n = 5) distributed the findings onto a customer experience journey map during a co‐design workshop. The journey map describes the emotional experience and actions taken, along five phases of a timeline through telepractice service interactions: (1) before, (2) selecting telepractice, (3) telepractice preparation, (4) during telepractice sessions and (5) after.ResultsA journey map visualisation of customer experiences was produced that identified strengths of telepractice service delivery (flexibility) while noting challenges (with technology) as opportunities for improvement. The consensus of participants was the desire to have access to telepractice currently and in the future, in addition to in‐person delivery.ConclusionThese findings are valuable in the context of advocating for the incorporation of customers and clinicians through co‐design workshops in the content analysis and creation of a journey map that is representative of the lived experience of accessing telepractice services.Patient or Public ContributionThe paper forms part of a larger co‐design process that included customer participants throughout the design and planning of the project, inclusion of a peer researcher and the co‐designers in the workshops, journey map and this article production.
Machine learning‐derived identification of prognostic signature for improving prognosis and drug response in patients with ovarian cancer
Authors: Huan Qing , Cheng Shuchao , Ma Hui‐Fen , Zhao Min , Chen Yu , Yuan Xiaolu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClinical assessments relying on pathology classification demonstrate limited effectiveness in predicting clinical outcomes and providing optimal treatment for patients with ovarian cancer (OV). Consequently, there is an urgent requirement for an ideal biomarker to facilitate precision medicine. To address this issue, we selected 15 multicentre cohorts, comprising 12 OV cohorts and 3 immunotherapy cohorts. Initially, we identified a set of robust prognostic risk genes using data from the 12 OV cohorts. Subsequently, we employed a consensus cluster analysis to identify distinct clusters based on the expression profiles of the risk genes. Finally, a machine learning‐derived prognostic signature (MLDPS) was developed based on differentially expressed genes and univariate Cox regression genes between the clusters by using 10 machine‐learning algorithms (101 combinations). Patients with high MLDPS had unfavourable survival rates and have good prediction performance in all cohorts and in‐house cohorts. The MLDPS exhibited robust and dramatically superior capability than 21 published signatures. Of note, low MLDIS have a positive prognostic impact on patients treated with anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy by driving changes in the level of infiltration of immune cells. Additionally, patients suffering from OV with low MLDIS were more sensitive to immunotherapy. Meanwhile, patients with low MLDIS might benefit from chemotherapy, and 19 compounds that may be potential agents for patients with low MLDIS were identified. MLDIS presents an appealing instrument for the identification of patients at high/low risk. This could enhance the precision treatment, ultimately guiding the clinical management of OV.
Light activates Ube3a, an Angelman syndrome‐associated gene, by mediating the chromatin structures during postnatal development of mouse retina
Authors: Lin Chao‐Wen , Cheng Yi‐Chun , Yang Chang‐Hao , Huang Hsien‐Sung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAngelman syndrome, a severe neurodevelopmental disorder, is primarily caused by mutations or deletions of maternally inherited ubiquitin protein ligase E3A (UBE3A). Activation of the silenced paternal copy of UBE3A can occur with pharmacological perturbation; however, an environmental approach has not been examined. Here, we found Ube3a is highly expressed in embryonic and early neonatal mouse retina and is maternally‐, but not paternally‐, expressed in ganglion cells, amacrine cells, and horizontal cells. Moreover, we analyzed UBE3A expression in the retina and visual cortex of postnatal day 28 mice (P28) following exposure to light emissions from white compact‐fluorescent bulbs or blue light‐emitting diodes from postnatal day 0 (P0) to 28 (P28), encompassing a crucial phase of visual system development. We found higher levels of Ube3a RNA and protein in the retina, but not visual cortex compared with tissues from P28 mice exposure to typical lighting (controls). Levels of both paternal‐ and maternal‐UBE3A protein in mouse retina were higher than controls in P28 mice exposed to white or blue light. Moreover, levels of open and repressive chromatin structures, indicated by histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), respectively, were increased in the Ube3a promoter from mouse retina exposed to white or blue light. Our findings strongly suggest that extended exposure to white or blue light constitutes a substantial environmental factor that can effectively promote UBE3A expression within the central nervous system.