bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Workers’ compensation claims for COVID-19 among workers in healthcare and other industries during 2020–2022, Victoria, Australia
Authors: Kelsall Helen Louise , Di Donato Michael F , McGuinness Sarah L , Collie Alex , Zhong Shannon , Eades Owen , Sim Malcolm Ross , Leder Karin 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo identify and characterise COVID-19 workers’ compensation claims in healthcare and other industries during the pandemic in Victoria, Australia.MethodsWe used workers’ compensation claims identified as COVID-19 infection related from 1 January 2020 to 31 July 2022 to compare COVID-19 infection claims and rates of claims by industry and occupation, and in relation to Victorian COVID-19 epidemiology. A Cox proportional hazards model assessed risk factors for extended claim duration.ResultsOf the 3313 direct and indirect COVID-19-related claims identified, 1492 (45.0%) were classified as direct COVID-19 infection accepted time-loss claims and were included in analyses. More than half (52.9%) of COVID-19 infection claims were made by healthcare and social assistance industry workers, with claims for this group peaking in July–October 2020. The overall rate of claims was greater in the healthcare and social assistance industry compared with all other industries (16.9 vs 2.4 per 10 000 employed persons) but industry-specific rates were highest in public administration and safety (23.0 per 10 000 employed persons). Workers in healthcare and social assistance were at increased risk of longer incapacity duration (median 26 days, IQR 16–61 days) than in other industries (median 17 days, IQR 11–39.5 days).ConclusionsCOVID-19 infection claims differed by industry, occupational group, severity and timing and changes coincided with different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Occupational surveillance for COVID-19 cases is important and monitoring of worker’s compensation claims and incapacity duration can contribute to understanding the impacts of COVID-19 on work absence.
Polarization study of a boosted W boson decaying hadronically at the LHC with jet substructures and a multivariate analysis
Authors: Dey Atri , Samui Tousik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe study of the polarization of heavy particles is an important branch of research in today’s collider physics. The massive W boson has two types of polarization states, which usually are studied via the angular distribution of its decay products. We present a jet substructure-based study on the polarization of a boosted W boson decaying hadronically, which forms a fat jet, in pp collision at the $$\sqrt{s}$$

s

= 14 TeV at the LHC. Two different methods, viz.N-subjettiness and Soft Drop, were used to find the subjets, which are approximately considered to be the two hadronic decay products of W, inside boosted W jets. These subjets were then used to calculate two variables $$p_\theta =|E_1-E_2|/p_T^W$$

p
θ

=

|

E
1

-

E
2

|

/

p
T
W

and $$z_j=\max (p_{T_1},p_{T_2})/p_T^W$$

z
j

=
max

(

p

T
1

,

p

T
2

)

/

p
T
W

, where the subscripts 1 and 2 are for two subjets and W represents the reconstructed W jet. We then prepared the templates for longitudinally and transversely polarized W. These templates were used to extract the fractions of different W polarization in a mixed sample with relatively good accuracy.
Pionic transitions from $$Z_c(4020)$$ to D wave charmonia
Authors: Qi Xiao-Yu , Wu Qi , Chen Dian-Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the present work, we investigate the charmed meson loops contributions to the pionic transitions from $$Z_c(4020)^+$$

Z
c

(
4020
)

+

to the D wave triplets charmonia by using an effective Lagrangian approach. Our estimations indicate that the predicted branching fraction of $$Z_c(4020)^+ \rightarrow \pi ^+ \psi (1^3D_J), \ J=(1,2,3)$$

Z
c

(
4020
)

+

→

π
+

ψ

(

1
3

D
J

)

,

J
=

(
1
,
2
,
3
)

are much smaller than the one of $$Z_c(4020)^+ \rightarrow \pi ^+ h_c $$

Z
c

(
4020
)

+

→

π
+

h
c

. Thus, searching $$Z_c(4020)^\pm $$

Z
c

(
4020
)

±

in the $$\pi ^\pm \psi (1^3D_J) $$

π
±

ψ

(

1
3

D
J

)

invariant mass distributions is impossible. Thus, the observed peak structures at 4.04 and 4.13 GeV in the $$\pi ^\pm \psi (3770)$$

π
±

ψ

(
3770
)

invariant mass distributions should not come from the contributions of $$Z_c(4020)^\pm $$

Z
c

(
4020
)

±

, and further precise experimental measurements of the $$e^+ e^- \rightarrow \pi ^+ \pi ^- \psi (3770)$$

e
+

e
-

→

π
+

π
-

ψ

(
3770
)

process are needed to decode the nature of these two peak structures.
Spatial and Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveal a Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Subset in HNSCC That Restricts Infiltration and Antitumor Activity of CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Li Chuwen , Guo Haiyan , Zhai Peisong , Yan Ming , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaoning , Shi Chaoji , Li Jiang , Tong Tong , Zhang Zhiyuan , Ma Hailong , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Although immunotherapy can prolong survival in some patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the response rate remains low. Clarification of the critical mechanisms regulating CD8+ T-cell infiltration and dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment could help maximize the benefit of immunotherapy for treating HNSCC. Here, we performed spatial transcriptomic analysis of HNSCC specimens with differing immune infiltration and single-cell RNA sequencing of five pairs of tumor and adjacent tissues, revealing specific cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) subsets related to CD8+ T-cell infiltration restriction and dysfunction. These CAFs exhibited high expression of CXCLs (CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL12) and MHC-I and enrichment of galectin-9 (Gal9). The proportion of MHC-IhiGal9+ CAFs was inversely correlated with abundance of a TCF1+GZMK+ subset of CD8+ T cells. Gal9 on CAFs induced CD8+ T-cell dysfunction and decreased the proportion of tumor-infiltrating TCF1+CD8+ T cells. Collectively, the identification of MHC-IhiGal9+ CAFs advances the understanding of the precise role of CAFs in cancer immune evasion and paves the way for more effective immunotherapy for HNSCC.

Significance:
Spatial analysis identifies IFN-induced MHC-IhiGal9+ CAFs that form a trap for CD8+ T cells, providing insights into the complex networks in the tumor microenvironment that regulate T-cell infiltration and function.
Comprehensive DNA Methylation Profiling of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Molecular Classification, Potential Therapeutic Target, and Classifier System
Authors: Shen Cenkai , Shi Xiao , Wen Duo , Zhang Yuqing , Du Yuxin , Zhang Yu , Ma Ben , Tang Haitao , Yin Min , Huang Naisi , Liao Tian , Zhang Ting-Ting , Kong Chang’e , Wei Wenjun , Ji Qinghai , Wang Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) presents a distinct biological context from other thyroid cancers due to its specific cellular origin. This heterogeneous and rare tumor has a high prevalence of advanced diseases, making it crucial to address the limited therapeutic options and enhance complex clinical management. Given the high clinical accessibility of methylation information, we construct the largest MTC methylation cohort to date.

Experimental Design:
Seventy-eight fresh-frozen MTC samples constituted our methylation cohort. The comprehensive study process incorporated machine learning, statistical analysis, and in vitro experiments.

Results:
Our study pioneered the identification of a three-class clustering system for risk stratification, exhibiting pronounced epigenomic heterogeneity. The elevated overall methylation status in MTC-B, combined with the “mutual exclusivity” of hypomethylated sites displayed by MTC-A and MTC-C, distinctively characterized the MTC-specific methylation pattern. Integrating with the transcriptome, we further depicted the features of these three clusters to scrutinize biological properties. Several MTC-specific aberrant DNA methylation events were emphasized in our study. NNAT expression was found to be notably reduced in poor-prognostic MTC-C, with its promoter region overlapping with an upregulated differentially methylated region. In vitro experiments further affirmed NNAT's therapeutic potential. Moreover, we built an elastic-net logistic regression model with a relatively high AUC encompassing 68 probes, intended for future validation and systematic clinical application.

Conclusions:
Conducting research on diseases with low incidence poses significant challenges, and we provide a robust resource and comprehensive research framework to assist in ongoing MTC case inclusion and facilitate in-depth dissection of its molecular biological features.
Genetic Silencing of AKT Induces Melanoma Cell Death via mTOR Suppression
Authors: Parkman Gennie L. , Turapov Tursun , Kircher David A. , Burnett William J. , Stehn Christopher M. , O'Toole Kayla , Culver Katie M. , Chadwick Ashley T. , Elmer Riley C. , Flaherty Ryan , Stanley Karly A. , Foth Mona , Lum David H. , Judson-Torres Robert L. , Friend John E. , VanBrocklin Matthew W. , McMahon Martin , Holmen Sheri L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aberrant activation of the PI3K–AKT pathway is common in many cancers, including melanoma, and AKT1, 2 and 3 (AKT1–3) are bona fide oncoprotein kinases with well-validated downstream effectors. However, efforts to pharmacologically inhibit AKT have proven to be largely ineffective. In this study, we observed paradoxical effects following either pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of AKT1–3 in melanoma cells. Although pharmacological inhibition was without effect, genetic silencing of all three AKT paralogs significantly induced melanoma cell death through effects on mTOR. This phenotype was rescued by exogenous AKT1 expression in a kinase-dependent manner. Pharmacological inhibition of PI3K and mTOR with a novel dual inhibitor effectively suppressed melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, this single-agent–targeted therapy was well-tolerated in vivo and was effective against MAPK inhibitor–resistant patient-derived melanoma xenografts. These results suggest that inhibition of PI3K and mTOR with this novel dual inhibitor may represent a promising therapeutic strategy in this disease in both the first-line and MAPK inhibitor–resistant setting.
ORAOV1, CCND1, and MIR548K Are the Driver Oncogenes of the 11q13 Amplicon in Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mahieu Céline I. , Mancini Andrew G. , Vikram Ellee P. , Planells-Palop Vicente , Joseph Nancy M. , Tward Aaron D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

11q13 amplification is a frequent event in human cancer and in particular in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Despite almost invariably spanning 10 genes, it is unclear which genetic components of the amplicon are the key driver events in SCC. A combination of computational, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models leveraging efficient primary human keratinocyte genome editing by Cas9-RNP electroporation, identified ORAOV1, CCND1, and MIR548K as the critical drivers of the amplicon in head and neck SCC. CCND1 amplification drives the cell cycle in a CDK4/6/RB1-independent fashion and may confer a novel dependency on RRM2. MIR548K contributes to epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Finally, we identify ORAOV1 as an oncogene that acts likely via its ability to modulate reactive oxygen species. Thus, the 11q13 amplicon drives SCC through at least three independent genetic elements and suggests therapeutic targets for this morbid and lethal disease.

Implications:
This work demonstrates novel mechanisms and ways to target these mechanisms underlying the most common amplification in squamous cell carcinoma, one of the most prevalent and deadly forms of human cancer.
Patient Awareness of Heart Failure Diagnosis: A Community Study
Authors: Shropshire Stacie J. , Fabbri Matteo , Manemann Sheila M. , Roger Véronique L. , Killian Jill M. , Weston Susan A. , Chamberlain Alanna M. 
Published: November 2023

Background
Heart failure (HF) is a complex disease that contributes to a high number of hospitalizations, deaths, and economic health care costs each year. However, among patients with HF, there is a lack of awareness of their HF diagnosis that has not been fully examined.

Methods and Results

Residents from 3 counties of southeast Minnesota with a first‐ever
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision
(
ICD‐9
) code 428 or
Tenth Revision
(
ICD‐10
) code I50 between January 1, 2013 and March 31, 2016 (N=2461) were prospectively surveyed to measure HF self‐awareness. A total of 1114 patients returned the survey (response rate, 45%), and 787 had validated HF upon medical record review. Among these 787 patients with HF (mean age, 76 years; 53% men), 37% (n=293) were aware of their HF diagnosis. After adjustment, being a woman (odds ratio [OR], 1.56 [95% CI, 1.10–2.22]), having HF with reduced ejection fraction (OR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.13–2.22]), attending the HF clinic (OR, 4.07 [95% CI, 2.25–7.36]), and having coronary artery disease (OR, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.16–2.37]) were all associated with increased awareness of an HF diagnosis. Conversely, having diabetes was associated with decreased awareness of an HF diagnosis (adjusted OR, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.50–0.95]).

Conclusions
Awareness of an HF diagnosis is low in a community population of patients with HF. Strategies to improve patient awareness of their diagnosis should be implemented to improve self‐care behaviors and outcomes in patients with HF.
Coronary Artery Calcium and Cognitive Decline in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study
Authors: Gadde Kishore M. , Yin Xiaoyan , Goldberg Ronald B. , Orchard Trevor J. , Schlögl Mathias , Dabelea Dana , Ibebuogu Uzoma N. , Watson Karol E. , Pi‐Sunyer F. Xavier , Crandall Jill P. , Temprosa Marinella , Luchsinger José A. ,   the Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group
Published: November 2023

Background
Our aim was to investigate the association of coronary artery calcium (CAC) with cognitive function in adults with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes.

Methods and Results
The Diabetes Prevention Program was a randomized controlled trial comparing an intensive lifestyle intervention, metformin, or placebo for prevention of type 2 diabetes among patients with prediabetes. After 3 years, intensive lifestyle intervention and placebo were stopped, the metformin arm was unmasked, and participants continued in the DPPOS (Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study). Approximately 14 years after randomization (Y14), CAC (Agatston score) was assessed with computed tomography, and cognitive performance was assessed with the Spanish English Verbal Learning Test (SEVLT) and Digit Symbol Substitution Test. SEVLT and Digit Symbol Substitution Test were reassessed 5 years later (Y19) along with the Modified Mini‐Mental State Exam. We examined cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations between CAC and cognition among 1931 participants using linear and logistic regression. In unadjusted analyses, compared with no calcification, CAC score >300 was associated with decreased performance on all cognitive tests at Y14 in both sexes. Additionally, CAC >300 was associated with a greater 5‐year decline in SEVLT Immediate Recall in both sexes and SEVLT Delayed Recall in women. After adjustment for demographic, genetic, metabolic, vascular, and behavioral covariates, CAC score >300 remained associated with greater decline in only SEVLT Delayed Recall in women.

Conclusions
In women with prediabetes or diabetes, CAC >300, compared with no calcification, was independently associated with greater decline in verbal memory.

Registration information

clinicaltrials.gov
. Identifier: NCT00038727.
Cooling the Coldest Continent: The 4 December 2021 Total Solar Eclipse over Antarctica
Authors: Garreaud René , Bozkurt Deniz , Spangrude Carl , Carrasco-Escaff Tomás , Rondanelli Roberto , Muñoz Ricardo , Jubier Xavier M. , Lazzara Matthew , Keller Linda , Rojo Patricio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Total solar eclipses (TSEs) are impressive astronomical events that have attracted people’s curiosity since ancient times. Their abrupt alterations to the radiation balance have stimulated studies on “eclipse meteorology,” most of them documenting events in the Northern Hemisphere while only one TSE (23 November 2003) has been described over Antarctica. On 4 December 2021—just a few days before the austral summer solstice—the moon blocked the sun over the austral high latitudes, with the path of totality arching from the Weddell Sea to the Amundsen Sea, thus producing a ∼2-min central TSE. In this work we present high-resolution meteorological observations from Union Glacier Camp (80°S, 83°W), the only location with a working station under totality, and South Pole station. These observations were complemented with meteorological records from 37 surface stations across Antarctica. Notably, the largest cooling (∼5°C) was observed over the East Antarctic dome, where obscurity was ∼85% while many sectors experienced insignificant temperature changes. This heterogenous cooling distribution, at odds with the seemingly homogeneous land surface of Antarctica, is partially captured by a simple radiative model. To further diagnose the effect of the eclipse on the surface meteorology, we ran multiple pairs of simulations (eclipse enabled and disabled) using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The overall pattern and magnitude of the simulated cooling agree well with the observations and reveal that, in addition to the solar radiation deficit and cloud cover, low-level winds and the height of the planetary boundary layer are key determinants of the temperature changes and their spatial variability.
Frontline professionals’ use of and attitudes towards technology to support interventions for adolescents with depression symptoms: A mixed methods survey
Authors: Loades Maria E , Cliffe Bethany , Perry Grace 
Published: November 2023

Depression is common in adolescence, and subthreshold symptoms even more so. Untreated, it is disabling. Yet, upscaling traditional clinic-based provision would be prohibitively expensive. We aimed to investigate frontline, non-specialist professionals’ use of and attitudes towards technology to increase the availability of early help. Method Cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of professionals in the UK ( N = 115, including low intensity practitioners, GPs, education staff, school nurses). The survey included rating scales and free text boxes. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and we used reflexive thematic analysis for the qualitative data. Results Frontline professionals rate their technological competence as good and have favourable attitudes towards using technology to support adolescents with depression symptoms. They rated online resources as most useful with mild-moderate symptoms, compared to severe symptoms ( t(110) = 14.54, p < .001, Cohen’s d = 1.49). Technology was viewed as important to bridge the needs-access gap and professionals were interested in learning about online SSIs due to usefulness ( r = .32, p < .001). Conclusion Technology, such as SSIs, are of interest to mental health professionals and may be useful for supporting adolescents with depression. Future research should explore the use of SSIs for treating adolescent depression.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the GASA gene family in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)
Authors: Sun Bingxin , Zhao Xianlei , Gao Jiahui , Li Jie , Xin Yue , Zhao Yonghui , Liu Zhiyong , Feng Hui , Tan Chong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The Gibberellic Acid-Stimulated Arabidopsis (GASA) gene family is widely involved in the regulation of plant growth, development, and stress response. However, information on the GASA gene family has not been reported in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis).

Results
Here, we conducted genome-wide identification and analysis of the GASA genes in Chinese cabbage. In total, 15 GASA genes were identified in the Chinese cabbage genome, and the physicochemical property, subcellular location, and tertiary structure of the corresponding GASA proteins were elucidated. Phylogenetic analysis, conserved motif, and gene structure showed that the GASA proteins were divided into three well-conserved subfamilies. Synteny analysis proposed that the expansion of the GASA genes was influenced mainly by whole-genome duplication (WGD) and transposed duplication (TRD) and that duplication gene pairs were under negative selection. Cis-acting elements of the GASA promoters were involved in plant development, hormonal and stress responses. Expression profile analysis showed that the GASA genes were widely expressed in different tissues of Chinese cabbage, but their expression patterns appeared to diverse. The qRT-PCR analysis of nine GASA genes confirmed that they responded to salt stress, heat stress, and hormonal triggers.

Conclusions
Overall, this study provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the important role of the GASA gene family in the functional genome of Chinese cabbage.
Growth of fungi and yeasts in food production waste streams: a feasibility study
Authors: Bansfield D. , Spilling K. , Mikola A. , Piiparinen J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFood production produces nutrient-rich waste streams which, depending on local legislation, are either sent to wastewater treatment plants or discharged into the environment. In addition to causing environmental harm in the second instance, valuable nutrients are lost. A more circular approach would be to reuse these waste streams. Fungi and yeasts are ideal candidates as they require lots of organic carbon (which is especially high in food production waste streams) for growth, with the potential for producing value-added biomass. Here, we tested the metabolic activity and possible growth of seven fungi and three yeasts in five different food production waste streams. Initial tests were done to find the most promising waste streams for growth and these were chosen for further study. All species were then cultured in these waste streams and oxygen uptake was measured to gauge metabolic activity which we used as a proxy for growth rate. Pelletization’s effect on metabolic rates was tested on the most pellet-forming species, by adding agar to inhibit pellet formation. The most promising waste stream for yeast/fungal growth was cheese whey (Whey). Pellet inhibition (i.e., filamentous growth) resulted in increased metabolic activity of cells in the confectionary bakery waste stream with agar but decreased metabolic activity in Whey with agar. The best-growing species, Geotrichum candidum, has potential commercial value as a producer of enzymes, biochemicals and lipids and could provide added value while improving the circularity of water and nutrients in food production.