bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The quasi-Gramian solution of a non-commutative extension of the higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Riaz H W A , Lin J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation, which incorporates higher-order dispersive terms, is widely employed in the theoretical analysis of various physical phenomena. In this study, we explore the non-commutative extension of the higher-order NLS equation. We treat real or complex-valued functions, such as g
1 = g
1(x, t) and g
2 = g
2(x, t) as non-commutative, and employ the Lax pair associated with the evolution equation, as in the commutation case. We derive the quasi-Gramian solution of the system by employing a binary Darboux transformation. The soliton solutions are presented explicitly within the framework of quasideterminants. To visually understand the dynamics and solutions in the given example, we also provide simulations illustrating the associated profiles. Moreover, the solution can be used to study the stability of plane waves and to understand the generation of periodic patterns within the context of modulational instability.
Theoretical calculations of proton emission half-lives based on a deformed Gamow-like model*
Authors: Zhang 张 Dong-Meng 冬萌 , Hu 胡 Xiao-Yuan 笑源 , Qi 亓 Lin-Jing 林静 , Liu 刘 Hong-Ming 宏铭 , Li 李 Ming 明 , Li 李 Xiao-Hua 小华 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, proton emission half-lives were investigated for deformed proton emitters with

based on the presented deformed Gamow-like model, where the deformation effect was included in the Coulomb potential. The experimental half-lives of proton emitters can be reproduced within a factor of 3.45. For comparison, the results from the universal decay law and the new Geiger-Nuttall law are also presented. Furthermore, the relevance of the half-lives to the angular momentum l for 117La, 121Pr, 135Tb, and 141Ho were analyzed, and the corresponding possible values of l were proposed: l = 3, 3, 4, 4.
Revisiting the top-quark pair production at future e
+
e
− colliders*
Authors: Ma 马 Jin 进 , Wang 王 Sheng-Quan 声权 , Sun 孙 Ting 婷 , Shen 申 Jian-Ming 建明 , Wu 吴 Xing-Gang 兴刚 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we reanalyze the top-quark pair production at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at future

colliders using the Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC) method. The PMC renormalization scales in

are determined by absorbing the non-conformal β terms by recursively using the Renormalization Group Equation (RGE). Unlike the conventional scale-setting method of fixing the scale at the center-of-mass energy

, the determined PMC scale

is far smaller than the

and increases with the

, yielding the correct physical behavior for the top-quark pair production process. Moreover, the convergence of the pQCD series for the top-quark pair production is greatly improved owing to the elimination of the renormalon divergence. For a typical collision energy of

GeV, the PMC scale is

GeV; the QCD correction factor K for conventional results is

, where the first error is caused by varying the scale

and the second error is from the top-quark mass

GeV. After applying the PMC, the renormalization scale uncertainty is eliminated, and the QCD correction factor K is improved to

, where the error is from the top-quark mass

GeV. The PMC improved predictions for the top-quark pair production are helpful for detailed studies of the properties of the top-quark at future

colliders.
The effects of social distancing markers on single-file pedestrian movement during the pandemic
Authors: Lu Tuantuan , Zhu Pengfei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Social distancing markers placed on the floor are a commonly used measure by city authorities to remind pedestrians to keep a safe distance during the pandemic. However, little is known about the effects of social distancing markers on pedestrian dynamics. In this paper, we conducted a series of single-file experiments with and without social distancing markers under a prescribed social distance of 1 m. By comparing the trajectories with and without social distancing markers, the two-sided effects of social distancing markers are revealed. Pedestrians have significantly fewer social distance violations and less exposure time with the help of social distancing markers, which can decrease the total infection risk. However, pedestrians under the measure of social distancing markers need longer delay times for velocity-matching behavior; also, lower velocity and specific flow are observed at densities greater than 0.6 m−1, which will increase the queue length. Stepping behavior is further analyzed to reveal the impact mechanism behind the reduction in velocity and specific flow. It is found that pedestrians’ step length is sensitive to social distancing markers, and pedestrians tend to shorten their step length rather than step frequency more rapidly when the markers are implemented. These evidence-based results provide interesting insights for crowd management, and help to develop pedestrian simulation models in preparation for future outbreaks and pandemics.
System for the fast readout and tests of pixel IC operating in single photon counting mode using PCIe-based FPGA
Authors: Skrzypiec P. , Gryboś P. , Szczygieł R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Hybrid Pixel Detectors (HPDs) have become popular in particle and photon detection
techniques in recent years. This type of devices consists of two parts: a pixelated sensor (based
on Si, Ge, GaAs, CZT, etc.), and a readout Integrated Circuit (IC), which usually contains
thousands of pixels and millions of transistors. ICs suffer from the inaccuracies of
manufacturing processes, therefore HPDs have to be thoroughly tested before the sensor
bump-bonding process.

This paper presents a highly efficient system for the automated testing of pixelated HPDs. The presented solution is based on the Intel Arria 10 GX Field
Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) development kit and a Linux-powered Personal Computer (PC),
connected via Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) 8x Gen. 3 interface. The proposed
system has been built of well-thought-out modules connected through the set of precisely defined
interconnects. This approach enabled the development of an architecture that may be easily
implemented in both PCIe-based systems and
System-on-Chip devices, such as Intel Agilex SoC. The presented system has been tested with
both a manufactured IC and a model implemented in the FPGA.
Ultra-low work function of caesiated surfaces and impact of selected gas species
Authors: Heiler A. , Friedl R. , Fantz U. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Modern high-power negative hydrogen ion sources rely predominantly on the surface
production of negative hydrogen ions. Hence, low work function converter surfaces are mandatory,
for which the alkali metal Cs is commonly evaporated into the ion source to lower the work
function of refractory metals by surface adsorption. To study the work function behaviour upon
caesiation under the typically given non-ultra-high vacuum conditions, investigations are
performed at a dedicated laboratory experiment. In a vacuum environment dominated by water vapour,
the work function evolution is found to be dependent on the flux ratio of Cs to H2O onto the
surface. For sufficiently high flux ratios, ultra-low work functions in the range of
1.25±0.10 eV are generated with excellent reproducibility. In the absence of Cs evaporation,
the work function gradually increases under the influence of the residual gases, and re-caesiation
processes lead to lower quantum efficiencies and higher work functions of typically
1.9–2.1 eV. While the addition of hydrogen and deuterium gas at several Pa as well as the
leakage of inert gases (argon and nitrogen) into the vacuum system have a negligible influence on
the caesiation process, small amounts of oxygen with partial pressures of
∼10-2–10-1 Pa lead to an instant reduction of the Cs density in the gas phase by
several orders of magnitude and to an increase in the work function of the order of 1 eV. After
the oxygen exposure is terminated, however, the Cs density and work function fully recover within
several minutes.
Electron transfer efficiency in liquid xenon across THGEM holes
Authors: Martínez-Lema G. , Roy A. , Breskin A. , Arazi L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Dual-phase liquid-xenon time projection chambers (LXe TPCs)
deploying a few tonnes of liquid are presently leading the search
for WIMP dark matter. Scaling these detectors to 10-fold larger
fiducial masses, while improving their sensitivity to low-mass WIMPs
presents difficult challenges in detector design. Several groups are
considering a departure from current schemes, towards either
single-phase liquid-only TPCs, or dual-phase detectors where the
electroluminescence region consists of patterned electrodes. Here,
we discuss the possible use of Thick Gaseous Electron Multipliers
(THGEMs) coated with a VUV photocathode and immersed in LXe as a
building block in such designs. We focus on the transfer
efficiencies of ionization electrons and photoelectrons emitted from
the photocathode through the electrode holes and show experimentally
that efficiencies approaching 100% can be achieved with realistic
voltage settings. The observed voltage dependence of the transfer
efficiencies is consistent with electron transport simulations once
diffusion and charging-up effects are included.
Increasing influence of evapotranspiration on prolonged water storage recovery in Germany
Authors: Boeing Friedrich , Wagener Thorsten , Marx Andreas , Rakovec Oldrich , Kumar Rohini , Samaniego Luis , Attinger Sabine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Central Europe, including Germany, has faced exceptional multi-year terrestrial water storage (TWS) deficits since 2018, negatively impacting various sectors such as forestry, energy production, and drinking water supply. Currently, the understanding of the recovery dynamics behind such extreme events is limited, which hampers accurate water management decisions. We used a simulation of the mesoscale hydrological model (mHM) over the last 257 years (1766–2022) to provide the first long-term perspective on the dynamics of the TWS deficit recovery in Germany. The results show that severe TWS deficits surpassing a peak deficit of −42 mm (−15 km3) exhibit large variability in recovery times (3–31 months). The 2018–2021 TWS deficit period was unprecedented in terms of recovery time (31 months), mean intensity and the associated negative 30-year TWS trend. In recent decades, we identified increased evapotranspiration (E) fluxes that have impacted TWS dynamics in Germany. Increased E flux anomalies contributed to prolonged TWS recovery, given that the TWS deficit did not quickly recover through above-average precipitation (P). An extreme TWS deficit similar to that in 2018 was recovered by above-average P within three months in the winter of 1947–1948. Our research contributes to an improved understanding of the dynamics and drivers of TWS deficit recovery.
Assessment of Soil Degradation for Biomass Production in Tanjungpinang, Indonesia
Authors: Danardono  , Taryono  , Ridwan Saiful 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Land management, especially land that is not in accordance with the rules can cause damage/change in soil properties which in turn impacts the disruption of biomass production. The lack of available data regarding soil degradation, especially in Tanjungpinang City, has resulted in less than optimal supervision and control over land management. Mapping the condition of soil degradation is necessary to exercise control over land management. The purpose of this research is to assess soil degradation in Tanjungpinang City, Riau Archipelago for biomass production. Soil degradation can be modeled by scoring and overlaying four parameters, namely land use, slope, soil type, and rainfall, producing a tentative map of potential soil degradation. Next, a tentative map of soil degradation is corrected using a field survey. Field surveys are used to measure the standard criteria for soil degradation according to Government Regulation No. 150 of 2000. The results show that the criteria for soil degradation in Tanjungpinang City are light damage and moderate damage. The criteria for moderate damage have the largest area spread over Dompak Sub-District, Batu Sembilan, Melayu City Plate, Bukit Cermin, West Tanjungpinang, East Tanjungpinang, Kampung Baru, and Tanjung Ayun Sakti. The main limiting factors that limit land use in Tanjungpinang City are permeability, surface rocks, and redox.
Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Urban Heat Island Phenomenon 2014-2021 in Cianjur District
Authors: Inayah K , Wibowo Adi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cianjur District is one of the areas in Cianjur Regency, West Java, Indonesia, which is the center of community activities. These community activities allow the Cianjur District area to experience massive urbanization and development to meet the growing demand for land increase. This research aims to analyze the spatial distribution of urban phenomena Heat Island (UHI) in Cianjur District and the association between LST and NDVI in Cianjur District. This research uses Landsat 8 data to analyze UHI with LST values. Correlation analysis was also performed to see the association between LST and vegetation density. Based on LST data processing, the temperature in 2014 and 2021 showed that 2014 10 Villages had a surface temperature above 30°C, so they experienced the UHI Phenomenon. The village comprises Bojongherang, Muka, Pamoyanan, Solokpandan, Sayang, Sawahgede, Mekarsari, Limbangansari, Nagrak, and Sukamaju. In 2021, the UHI phenomenon will expand to all villages. LST in Cianjur Regency has a robust negative correlation with NDVI, both in 2014 and 2021. So, the more dense vegetation, the lower is LST, and vice versa.
Study of Social Vulnerability in the Land Sector in Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Setyasih Iya’ , Anwar Yaskinul , Wijaya Akhmad , Nanang Martinus , Gugus Perdana M , Dita Samsudin Rizka 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Social vulnerability in the land sector is a problem that is not directly visible, which is caused by conflict, both between individuals and with the government or the private sector. This vulnerability will be more difficult to resolve, especially with the absence of land ownership status in several villages, including Tanjung Harapan and Sanggulan Villages. The purpose of this research is to comprehensively examine the social risks that can be experienced by vulnerable groups. This study uses qualitative and quantitative approaches to assess the level of social vulnerability. The level of vulnerability is seen based on the Household Vulnerability Index (HVI) approach. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires and interviews with 50 respondents in the villages of Tanjung Harapan and Sanggulan. The social vulnerability in the two villages is at level III or ELH, which means it includes chronic social vulnerability and needs special treatment. The vulnerability of this community is influenced by factors of knowledge and analysis of social, economic, physical, and environmental factors that make the community more vulnerable. In order to reduce high social risks, there needs to be certainty and protection for the community, especially farmers who own land with an area of less than 0.5 ha, women and the poor. So that it needs various efforts through policies and implementation methodologies for addressing land social vulnerabilities.
Association of Variability and Hypertensive Loads in 24-h Blood Pressure With Mortality and Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Melgarejo Jesus D , Patil Dhrumil , Mena Luis J , Vatcheva Kristina P , Garcia Jose A , Satizabal Claudia L , Chavez Carlos A , Pirela Rosa V , Silva Egle , Calmon Gustavo , Lee Joseph H , Terwilliger Joseph D , Seshadri Sudha , Maestre Gladys E 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Evidence shows that high 24-h blood pressure (BP) variability increases cardiovascular risk. We investigated whether 24-h BP variability relates to mortality and cardiovascular risk due to inherent variability and/or hypertensive loads in 24-h BP.

METHODS
A total of 1,050 participants from the Maracaibo Aging Study (mean age, 66 years; women, 67.2%) underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring and were followed between 2001 and 2016. To evaluate inherent BP variability, we used average real variability (ARV) as it captures variability among consecutive BP readings. 24-h systolic BP load was the proportion (%) of systolic BP readings ≥130 mm Hg during the daytime and ≥110 during the nighttime. Our primary endpoint was total mortality and major adverse cardiovascular endpoints (MACE). Statistics included Cox proportional models.

RESULTS
During a median follow-up of 8.3 years, 299 participants died and 210 experienced MACE. Each +2 mm Hg (corresponding to 1-standard deviation) higher 24-h systolic ARV (mean value, 9.0 ± 2.0 mm Hg) was associated with higher hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality by 1.28-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14–1.43) and for MACE by 1.24-fold (95% CI, 1.08–1.42). Each 30% higher 24-h systolic BP load (median value, 63%) was associated with mortality and MACE with HRs of 1.29 (95% CI, 1.15–1.46) and 1.28 (95% CI, 1.10–1.48); respectively. After models were additionally adjusted by BP level, only ARV was associated with mortality (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.04–1.33) and MACE (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.00–1.34).

CONCLUSIONS
High ARV and hypertensive loads in 24-h systolic BP were associated with mortality and cardiovascular risk, however, only ARV is associated independently of the BP level.
Efficacy of a mixed extract ofSalvia miltiorrhizaandPaeonia lactiflorain inhibiting the aging of vascular wall throughin vitroandin vivoexperiments
Authors: Son Juah , Cha Mi-Ran , Song Sukjin , Oh Byulnim , Bang Sangwoo , Cha Jinwook , Lim Sung Don , Yang Seo Young 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTVascular wall aging has been strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of USCP-GVH-014, a mixed extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Paeonia lactiflora Pall., in inhibiting vascular wall aging through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results revealed that USCP-GVH-014 inhibited abnormal cell proliferation, collagen overproduction, and MMP-2 and MMP-9 overexpression caused by various stimuli and recovered the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase on human aortic smooth muscle cells. In addition, it inhibited the increase in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha on human aortic endothelial cells and prevented the aging of the vascular wall by regulating related proteins such as epidermal growth factor and interleukin-1ß. Furthermore, it reduced vascular aging in in vivo studies. These results demonstrate that USCP-GVH-014 effectively reduces vascular aging, thereby rendering it a potential therapeutic candidate for cardiovascular diseases.
GeNLP: a web tool for NLP-based exploration and prediction of microbial gene function
Authors: Miller Danielle , Arias Ofir , Burstein David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Summary
GeNLP is a web application that enables exploring microbial gene “semantics” and predictions of uncharacterized gene families based on their genomic context. It utilizes a pre-trained language model to uncover gene relationships and allows users to access and utilize the data as well as make their own predictions through an interactive interface.

Availability and implementation
The web application is accessible from all browsers at: http://gnlp.bursteinlab.org/. All source codes are freely available from GitHub under the MIT license here: https://github.com/burstein-lab/genomic-nlp-server.
Scbean: a python library for single-cell multi-omics data analysis
Authors: Zhang Haohui , Wang Yuwei , Lian Bin , Wang Yiran , Li Xingyi , Wang Tao , Shang Xuequn , Yang Hui , Aziz Ahmad , Hu Jialu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Summary
Single-cell multi-omics technologies provide a unique platform for characterizing cell states and reconstructing developmental process by simultaneously quantifying and integrating molecular signatures across various modalities, including genome, transcriptome, epigenome, and other omics layers. However, there is still an urgent unmet need for novel computational tools in this nascent field, which are critical for both effective and efficient interrogation of functionality across different omics modalities. Scbean represents a user-friendly Python library, designed to seamlessly incorporate a diverse array of models for the examination of single-cell data, encompassing both paired and unpaired multi-omics data. The library offers uniform and straightforward interfaces for tasks, such as dimensionality reduction, batch effect elimination, cell label transfer from well-annotated scRNA-seq data to scATAC-seq data, and the identification of spatially variable genes. Moreover, Scbean’s models are engineered to harness the computational power of GPU acceleration through Tensorflow, rendering them capable of effortlessly handling datasets comprising millions of cells.

Availability and implementation
Scbean is released on the Python Package Index (PyPI) (https://pypi.org/project/scbean/) and GitHub (https://github.com/jhu99/scbean) under the MIT license. The documentation and example code can be found at https://scbean.readthedocs.io/en/latest/.
Delayed presentation of congenital sigmoid colon stenosis: a rare entity
Authors: Dahal Prajwal , Dawadi Kapil , Parajuli Sabina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Congenital sigmoid colon stenosis is a rare entity that can mimic Hirschsprung disease. Presentation of congenital colon stenosis is usually within first few weeks of life. Our case presented with features of distal bowel obstruction at 2 years of age with the history of chronic constipation and progressive abdominal distention from first week of life and bilious vomiting for the last 1 week. Clinical diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease was made. Contrast enhanced CT abdomen showed bowel obstruction with transition point at the level of proximal sigmoid colon. There was a short segment stenosis at the level of proximal sigmoid colon. Contrast enema showed stenosis at proximal sigmoid colon. The bowel distal to stenosis was normal in calibre. Similar findings were seen during surgery. Mesocolon was present in stenosed segment of the bowel. The resected stenotic segment showed adequate ganglion cells in histopathology.