bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ensemble approach to species distribution modelling reconciles systematic differences in estimates of habitat utilization and range area
Authors: Harris J. , Pirtle J. L. , Laman E. A. , Siple M. C. , Thorson James T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Species distribution models (SDMs) are an important tool for conservation and resource management. However, managers are often interested in derived quantities such as range or area occupied, and how these are calculated can have a large impact.

Ecosystem‐based management typically requires spatial information about species distributions, which is increasingly generated from SDMs that are then processed to identify occupied habitat. Many types of SDMs exist, but there is little research regarding how this model‐choice affects outcomes when defining occupied habitat, in part because these models generate different types of output.

We fit a suite of five SDMs to data for 208 species/life stage combinations in three marine ecosystems while ensuring that they all estimate a ‘common currency’ of numerical abundance. We then calculate out‐of‐sample predictive performance to weight these constituents in an ensemble SDM.

Results show that this approach can reduce bias arising from a priori specification of individual SDMs resulting in a better fit to survey data (constituent SDMs had a median of 7% higher RMSE). The SDMs had a range of responses relative to the ensemble, with MaxEnt typically predicting a median 1.3% higher area occupied, and negative‐binomial GAMs predicting 21.4% lower area occupied.

Two potential methods of identifying the area of occupied habitat from SDM outputs are compared—probability‐based and cumulative density‐based methods. We find that cumulative densities result in smaller estimates of area occupied, and we recommend careful consideration of how model‐choice affects occupied‐habitat estimates in spatial management.

Policy implications: Finally, we discuss how the patterns identified during the 5‐year Review of Essential Fish Habitat for Alaska should be carefully considered by managers using SDMs to identify habitat that may be impacted by anthropogenic activities.
Comparative microbiome analysis of Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks at the Korea Combat Training Center in 2022
Authors: Kim Minsung , Oh Singeun , Yi Myung‐hee , Kim Myungjun , Yun Sohyeon , Choi Jun Ho , Yoon Moonsoo , Yong Tai‐Soon , Lee Buddle , Noh Kyung Tae , Park Quehn , Lee Chanhee , Kim Ju Yeong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Korea Combat Training Center (KCTC), located in Gangwon Province, is a restricted military training facility where research on the environmental conditions and health risks to military personnel has been limited. In this study, using iSeq 100, we investigated the bacterial abundance and microbiome of Haemaphysalis longicornis specimens collected at the KCTC from June to August 2022, to assess current and potential public health risks to military personnel. Our results show that adult ticks had significantly greater species richness compared with larvae and nymphs, with no notable differences in diversity across developmental stages. Principal coordinate analysis of the microbial communities did not show differences attributable to any single factor, such as collection location or date. Coxiella‐like endosymbionts (AB001519) were identified in all 13 samples, and Jatrophihabitans, Sphingomonas, and Spirosoma were consistently found across all samples. In addition, iSeq 100 also identified Rickettsia rickettsii and Borrelia spp., which were not detected with conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Fibroblast growth factor 23 and calcium‐phosphate metabolism in relation to cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Vermeulen Stephanie , Scheffer‐Rath Mirjam E. A. , Besouw Martine T. P. , van der Vaart Amarens , de Borst Martin H. , Boot Annemieke M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of mortality in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The objective of this study is to evaluate fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and calcium‐phosphate metabolism in relation to cardiovascular risk factors in adults with and without T1D.MethodsA case–control study was conducted using data from patients with T1D and age‐ and sex matched controls without T1D from the Lifelines Cohort Study.ResultsWe included 302 adults in the T1D group and 302 adults in the control group. Median age was 42 years. Median glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the T1D group was 7.8%. FGF23 of all patients with T1D was not significantly different from controls. Females with T1D had significantly higher FGF23 than males with T1D (83.3 vs 69.3 U/mL, p = 0.002), this was not observed in controls. Serum phosphate, calcium, and alkaline phosphatase were higher and parathyroid hormone was lower in patients with T1D, compared to controls (all p < .001), all within normal range. In the T1D group, FGF23 was positively correlated with serum phosphate (p < .001), alkaline phosphatase (p = .01), and calcium (p = .030), these correlations were not observed in controls. Median FGF23 was significantly higher in current smokers than in nonsmokers with T1D (84.9 vs 73.5 U/mL, p < .05).ConclusionsSerum calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase were higher in patients with T1D than in controls and were positively correlated to FGF23 in patients with T1D. Current smokers with T1D had higher FGF23 than nonsmokers with T1D. These findings may contribute to the increased risk of CVD in patients with T1D.image
Insight into the significance of CD8+ tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in squamous cell lung cancer
Authors: Shiomi Kazu , Ichinoe Masaaki , Ushiwata Ai , Eshima Koji , Nagashio Ryo , Hayashi Shoko , Sonoda Dai , Kondo Yasuto , Maruyama Raito , Mikubo Masashi , Murakumo Yoshiki , Satoh Yukitoshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough there are great expectations regarding the use of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) to predict effects of immunotherapies and prognosis, knowledge about TILs remains insufficient for clinical application.MethodsWe objectively investigated the prognostic significance of tumor‐infiltrating CD8 + lymphocytes (CD8 + TILs) in squamous cell lung cancer (SQ‐LC). Among patients who underwent surgical resection of SQ‐LC in 2011–2017, 100 patients with pathological stage IA3‐III were immunohistochemically studied to evaluate CD8 + TILs in the tumor stroma and parenchyma. The impact of CD8 + TILs on relapse‐free survival was analyzed using a Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and multivariate analyses using Fine‐Gray and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsThe multivariate analysis showed that large and small numbers, but not intermediate numbers, of CD8 + TILs in the tumor stroma may be related to a more favorable prognosis (small vs. intermediate: HR, 0.64; 95% CI: 0.29–1.41, p = 0.27; large vs. intermediate: HR, 0.48; 95% CI: 0.21–1.09, p = 0.08). In contrast, a large number of CD8 + TILs in the tumor parenchyma was associated with a poor prognosis (HR, 2.60; 95% CI: 0.91–7.42, p = 0.075). An exploratory analysis showed a potentially strong association between an extremely large number of CD8 + TILs in the tumor parenchyma and a poor prognosis, even with a large number of CD8 + TILs in the tumor stroma.ConclusionOur study provided partial but important information on the significance of CD8 + TILs in SQ‐LC. To use CD8 + TILs as biomarkers, a better understanding of CD8 + TILs as well as other important components in the tumor microenvironment and the inflammatory phenotypes they form may be needed.
Sex differences in preterm respiratory morbidity: A recent whole‐population study
Authors: Dassios Theodore , Harris Christopher , Williams Emma E. , Greenough Anne 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo determine whether there were differences between male and female infants in respiratory morbidity in a whole population of extremely preterm infants, including infants born below 24 weeks of gestation.MethodsRetrospective whole‐population study of all infants <28 weeks of gestation admitted to a neonatal unit in England from 2014 to 2019. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) development was defined as any respiratory support at 36 weeks postmenstrual age.ResultsThe 11 844 infants had a median (IQR) gestational age of 26.0 (24.9–27.1) weeks and a birth weight of 0.81 (0.67–0.96) kg. The duration of invasive ventilation was longer in male compared to female infants who were born at 24–27 completed weeks of gestation (p < 0.001), but not significantly different between male and female infants born at 22 and 23 weeks of gestation (p = 0.446). The incidence of BPD was higher in male compared to female infants born at 24–27 weeks of gestation (p < 0.001) but not different between male and female infants born at 22 and 23 weeks of gestation (p = 0.148).ConclusionRespiratory morbidity was more pronounced in male compared to female extremely preterms, only in gestations 24–27 completed weeks. Male predominance was absent in infants born below 24 weeks of gestation.
Serum thrombospondin‐2 level changes with liver stiffness improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Mak Jimmy Ho Cheung , Lui David Tak‐Wai , Fong Carol Ho‐Yi , Cheung Chloe Yu‐Yan , Wong Ying , Lee Alan Chun‐Hong , Hoo Ruby Lai‐Chong , Xu Aimin , Tan Kathryn Choon‐Beng , Lam Karen Siu‐Ling , Lee Chi‐Ho 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveBaseline circulating thrombospondin‐2 (TSP2) level was identified as a potential novel hepatic fibrosis biomarker that associates with development and progression of hepatic fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. Here, we investigated whether circulating TSP2 levels changed with improvement in liver stiffness (LS), which reflects liver fibrosis on transient elastography.DesignSerum TSP2 levels were measured in participants from a randomized, open‐label intervention study, at baseline and after 24‐weeks treatment of either dapagliflozin 10 mg (N = 30) or sitagliptin 100 mg daily (N = 30). Vibration‐controlled transient elastography was performed to evaluate the severity of hepatic fibrosis and steatosis using LS and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), respectively.Patients and MeasurementsAmong all 60 participants with similar clinical characteristics at baseline (mean HbA1c 8.9%, CAP 289 dB/m and LS 5.8 kPa), despite similar HbA1c lowering, treatment with dapagliflozin, but not sitagliptin, led to significant improvements in body weight (BW) (p = .012), CAP (p = .015) and LS (p = .011) after 24 weeks.ResultsSerum TSP2 level decreased significantly from baseline in dapagliflozin‐treated participants (p = .035), whereas no significant change was observed with sitagliptin. In correlation analysis, change in serum TSP2 levels only positively correlated with change in LS (r = .487, p = .006), but not with changes in BW, CAP or HbA1c after dapagliflozin treatment.ConclusionsSerum TSP2 level decreased with LS after dapagliflozin treatment, and was independent of improvements in BW, glycemic control and hepatic steatosis, further supporting the potential of serum TSP2 level as a novel hepatic fibrosis biomarker in type 2 diabetes.
Tuning into HEAT: Thermoceptive enskilment and insecurity
Authors: Osbourne Alana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this article, I address how discernments of alterity as insecurity are intimately connected to bodily perceptions and cultural elaborations of heat. Focusing on the interplay of temperature and danger, I look at the role of thermoception—as sensation, as ambient quality, as idiom, and as technology—in experiences and retellings of (in)security. These are themes I explore in relation to and beyond Hostile Environment Awareness Training (HEAT), an intensive practical course that prepares expats, journalists, NGO workers, and other professionals for their travels to areas deemed unsafe. In the course, participants are taught to tap into their embodied sensations and to acquire the sensory skills to identify, avoid, and mitigate danger. Using hotness as gateway into the relation between sensory enskilment and security, this article contributes to literature concerned with the somatechnics of difference: the learnt corporeal, atmospheric, and immaterial forces that structure how we articulate Otherness and/as danger. In so doing, it unpacks how the senses, and thermoception more specifically, contribute to the production and governance of landscapes of insecurity.
Factors associated with decision regret after bariatric surgery
Authors: Dijkhorst Phillip J. , Nijland Leontien M. G. , van Veen Ruben N. , de Castro Steve M. M. 
Published: December 2023

SummaryIt is assumed that the individuals who undergo bariatric surgery will experience significant improvements in their health and overall well‐being. However, it is yet to be examined whether these individuals may also experience subsequent decision regret. The level of regret regarding the choice to undergo bariatric surgery was assessed 1 year after bariatric surgery using the Decision Regret Scale (DRS). Associations of regret with patient characteristics, complications, weight loss and quality of life (BODY‐Q) were investigated using linear regression analyses. In total, 115 patients completed the DRS (92% underwent Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass and 8% underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG)). Two out of 115 patients indicated absolute regret about their decision to undergo bariatric surgery because of insufficient weight loss and complications. The median decision regret score was zero (range 0–80). Most patients experienced no decision regret (50.4%), followed by mild regret (34.8%) and moderate to strong regret (14.8%). Higher levels of regret were associated with having osteo‐articular disorders, gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease or a history of psychiatric disorders at baseline. Patients with mild regret demonstrated significantly more weight loss and better psychological function. Major surgical complications were not associated with increased decision regret. Only two out of 115 patients (1.7%) indicated absolute regret about their decision to undergo bariatric surgery, and 15% reported moderate‐to‐strong regret according to the results of the DRS. These findings should be considered when providing pre‐operative counselling and could assist patients in their decision‐making process.
The role of microcomedones in acne: Moving from a description to treatment target?
Authors: Xie Li , Hamblin Michael R , Zheng DanLing , Wen Xiang 
Published: December 2023

SummaryA major factor in the pathogenesis of acne is ductal hyperproliferation in the pilosebaceous glands. This takes the form of invisible microcomedones and leads to the subsequent formation of both inflammatory and non‐inflammatory clinical lesions. Microcomedones are the initial stage in the cyclical development of acne, so called comedogenesis. Microcomedones can be detected using cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping, electron microscopy, reflection confocal microscopy and other techniques. It has been proposed that the density and the size of microcomedones are positively correlated with acne severity. Thus, the purpose of this review is to summarize the root causes of acne, and suggest that treatment of microcomedones could, at least in part, resolve acne lesions and prevent relapse.
Retail ETF investing
Authors: Gempesaw David , Henry Joseph J. , Xiao Han 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUsing marketable order flow data, we analyze key characteristics of aggregate retail exchange‐traded fund (ETF) investing from 2010 to 2021, including allocations, holding period and investment performance. Retail traders allocate 12% more dollar volume to leveraged and inverse ETFs versus nonretail traders. Retail ETF trades distinctly increase with prior ETF returns, in contrast to contrarian stock trading. Estimated ETF holding periods are longer for retail investors versus nonretail. Finally, retail and nonretail ETF trades perform similarly over hypothetical holding periods up to one quarter. Overall, we provide policy‐relevant insights into retail investing behaviours, which have been the subject of recent concern.
VOCABULARY FOR AN UNTHINKABLE GRAMMAR: SHARON DODUA OTOO'S SYNCHRONICITY
Authors: Galasso Stephanie 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThis article examines the eponymous notion of ‘synchronicity’ in Sharon Dodua Otoo's novella, Synchronicity: the original story. Drawing on Denise Ferreira da Silva's notion of Black Feminist ‘poethics’, I argue that ‘synchronicity’ might serve as a ‘guide’ for the imagination that also expands significant critiques of (post)‐Enlightenment notions of temporality (e.g. those by Michelle M. Wright, Rei Terada and Christina Sharpe). It does so, I argue, by exposing the significance of temporality and the related notion of causality for racial constructions of the subject. The blending of temporalities and senses in Synchronicity de‐centre the persistent Enlightenment construction of the subject as a causal agent, showing instead the dependence of existence on intricate cycles of loss and gain. To illustrate this, I offer a close reading of Synchronicity alongside analysis of its implicit critique of Enlightenment notions of being and thought. The novella, I argue, offers not only much‐needed vocabulary for the contemporary moment and the synchronous vestiges of ‘past’ violence within it but also challenges the ‘modern political grammar’ (Silva) through which racial subjects emerge.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory based on the Middle‐Range Theory of Self‐Care of Chronic Illness
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Zhang Lujing , Liu Yuan , Liu Ling , De Maria Maddalena , Matarese Maria , Wang Lan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsTo test the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory on a sample of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China.BackgroundMeasuring the self‐care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is vital to promote the performance of effective self‐care behaviours. However, few instruments have been developed to measure self‐care in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the existing instruments lack theoretical support and satisfactory psychometrics properties. The Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory based on Middle‐Range Theory of Self‐Care of Chronic Illness has been developed and tested previously in Italian and US population.DesignA cross‐sectional instrument development study.MethodsConstruct validity was tested by confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis testing, and reliability internal consistency using factor score determinacy coefficients.ResultsA convenience sample of 185 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was recruited from September 2020 to January 2022. The instrument consists of three scales: self‐care maintenance, self‐care monitoring and self‐care management. Confirmatory factor analysis performed on the three scales produced good fit indices. The internal consistency was adequate with factor score determinacy coefficients ranging from 0.891 to 0.953 in Self‐Care Maintenance Scale, 0.990 to 0.993 in Self‐Care Monitoring Scale and 0.750 to 0.976 in Self‐Care Management Scale.ConclusionsThe Chinese version of the Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory has acceptable reliability and validity. Some differences from the original instrument were identified. Further validation studies should be conducted to confirm the psychometric properties of the instrument in Chinese population.
Recent changes in forest structure and growth at the alpine‐treeline ecotone in the Rocky and Columbia Mountains of central British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Griesbauer Hardy , Bevington Alexandre 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimGlobally, forests at the alpine‐treeline ecotone (ATE) are considered sensitive to warming temperatures; however, responses to recent climate change show high variability and many underlying processes remain unclear. This study aims to provide further insight into possible ATE forest responses to climate change by examining spatiotemporal patterns in recent tree regeneration and growth responses to climate across treeline forms.LocationThis study is situated at the ATE in the Rocky Mountain and Columbia Mountain ranges in central British Columbia, Canada.TaxonGymnosperms – subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa Hooker (Nutall)).MethodsWe collected tree and stand data from 48 plots across five study sites. Plots were distributed across three treeline stand types: (i) islands; (ii) abrupt; and (iii) fringes of regeneration adjacent to tree islands. We used a dendrochronological approach to analyse the ages of recently established trees in fringe stand types, detect long‐term trends in annual tree growth and quantify climate‐growth relationships.ResultsSeedling recruitment adjacent to tree islands occurred over a period of approximately 40 years (1960–2000), with two regeneration “pulses” in the late 1970s and 1980s. Abrupt and fringe trees showed a similar age structure and annual radial growth has increased in most trees over the past 30 years. Across the study region and stand types, summer temperature has the strongest influence on radial growth. Over the past 70 years, growth in tree islands has become increasingly correlated with growing season temperature variables.Main ConclusionsForest growth and structure have changed in coherent spatial and temporal patterns over recent decades at the ATE in central BC. Projections for sustained warming in this region will likely result in increased tree growth and potential continued expansion of forests into untreed areas below the treeline. These changes will have implications for hydrological regimes, wildlife habitat and carbon sequestration.
Downregulation of JAM3 occurs in cholangiocarcinoma by hypermethylation: A potential molecular marker for diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Shi Yi , Feng Xiao , Zhang Ying , Gao Ji , Bao Wei , Wang Jian‐dong , Bai Jian‐feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractJunctional adhesion molecular 3 (JAM3) is downregulated by hypermethylation in cancers but is unclear in cholangiocarcinoma. The JAM3 expression level was checked in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines and tissues. Methylated JAM3 was detected in cell lines, tissues and plasma cell‐free DNAs (cfDNA). The roles of JAM3 in cholangiocarcinoma were studied by transfection of siRNA and pCMV3‐JAM3. The survival analysis was based on the Gene Set Cancer Analysis (GSCA) database. JAM3 was downregulated in HCCC‐9810 and HuCCT1 cell lines and tissues by hypermethylation. Methylated JAM3 was detected in cfDNAs with 53.3% sensitivity and 96.6% specificity. Transfection of pCMV3‐JAM3 into HCCC‐9810 and HuCCT1 induced apoptosis and suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The depletion of JAM3 in RBE cells using siRNA decreased apoptosis and increased cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Hypermethylation of JAM3 was associated with tumour differentiation, metastasis and TNM stage. Downregulation and hypermethylation of JAM3 were related to poor progression‐free survival. Junctional adhesion molecular 3 may function as a tumour suppressor in cholangiocarcinoma. Methylated JAM3 DNA may represent a non‐invasive molecular marker for the early detection of cholangiocarcinoma and prognosis.