bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A RECOMMENDATION FOR A UNIFORM DEFINITION OF DISTANCE CAREGIVING: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Budnick Andrea , Bünning Farina , Kuhlmey Adelheid 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Distance caregiving has increasingly attracted the attention of the gerontological research community. This indicates the importance of this caregiving arrangement in the face of progressive demographic change including fewer and fewer individuals providing local care. There have been attempts to define distance caregiving for more than two decades. The literature focuses predominantly on North America and Great Britain (e.g. Cagle & Munn, 2012; Franke et al., 2019). Although Cagle and Munn defined distance caregiving broadly, recent literature continues to focus on individual aspects, such as distance or time. Thus, future research on distance caregiving may benefit from using a uniform definition to compare findings across studies. Accordingly, we reviewed the literature of the last five years by means of a scoping review in 13 English and German databases. Following the systematic review on distance caregiving by Franke et al., we used May 2019 as the starting point of our search. Two independent raters classified the articles using prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. We identified a total of N=14,546 articles. After removal of duplicates, and title and abstract screening, we identified a total of n=59 articles for full text screening. We found the broad definition of distance caregiving by Cagle and Munn in 26 articles. The remaining articles referred to aspects like distance in miles or kilometers, time required, or other circumstances. In sum, our findings indicate that gerontological research on distance caregiving does not always build on existing knowledge.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE ART-BASED RESEARCH WITH OLD ADULTS IN SOUTH KOREA
Authors: Yoon Yeojin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aims to review and summarize the literature on the use of Arts-based Research(ABR) with older adults in South Korea. The study was conducted as a systematic literature review. ABR is method that utilizes the arts to expand horizons of awareness. In South Korea, there is a large gap between the literacy levels of young and older adults and the differences in their cultures. Therefore, using art to convey expressions that are difficult to communicate through text and utilizing common values through art can be more effective than using text. This study was designed using Electronic databases. Keywords for older adult and ABR were searched in Electronic databases, and Korean literature published in peer-reviewed journals before December 31, 2022 were identified. After review of the 1515 abstracts yielded from the databases and the reference lists of the associated articles, 5 eligible studies were identified, and relevant findings extracted. The five eligible studies will not have found all of the ABR on older adults published in South Korea. However, this shows the level of research and interest in arts-based research in Korea. These five studies had several commonalities. First, they utilized ABR as an extension of qualitative research methods, with arts-based research as another methodology. Second, the distinction between art-based research and qualitative research was not clear in the literature, so art-based research methods were used, but art-based research was not mentioned. Based on these findings, it was suggested that ABR on older adults needs to be revitalized and diversified.
A WAY OF COMMUNICATING...WHICH DOESN’T MAKE THEM FEEL THREATENED: CANCER SURVIVORSHIP IN AGING BLACK/LATINX PEOPLE
Authors: Nweke Chizobam , Nwakasi Candidus “Candi” 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background. About 2 million people are diagnosed with cancer each year in the US and minoritized groups such as Black and Latinx people share a significant burden of the disease. To better understand how to improve the quality of life of an increasingly diverse population of aging cancer survivors, this study explored the cancer survivorship experiences of older adults in Black and Latinx people in the U.S. Method. A qualitative descriptive approach was used on a sample of 17 participants (Mage 64 years), 6 Black and 12 Latinx cancer survivors, at various stages of cancer treatment. Open-ended, semi-structured interviews were administered to the participants. We used reflexive thematic analysis for data analysis. Results. The following themes were identified from the analysis: cancer is (not) stigmatizing, effects of race/ethnicity on survivorship, and being an immigrant and survivorship. These themes enable a better perception of enablers and barriers to resilience among Black and Latinx cancer survivors. Conclusion. The findings of this study will increase the knowledge on sociocultural factors that influence cancer survivorship experiences in the US. The implications on resilience and access to cancer care will be discussed.
“THEY’VE KIND OF SHUT THAT DOWN WITH COVID”: HOME-LIKE ENVIRONMENTS FOR RESIDENTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Thaitrong Phatt , Douglas Joy , Knol Linda L , Ellis Amy , Noh Hyunjin , Sanchez Shena 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Current guidelines recommend providing a home-like dining environment for older adults living in long-term care (LTC) facilities, as this atmosphere has a positive impact on resident independence, social interaction, mealtime experience, and food intake. In LTC settings, registered dietitians (RDs) play a crucial role in providing nutritional care for residents with dementia. Our study explored RDs’ perspectives on how they provide home-like mealtime environments for LTC residents with dementia. RDs who work with residents with dementia in the U.S. (n = 18) participated in one of five focus groups. Focus groups were led by a trained moderator using a semi-structured interview guide, transcribed verbatim, and audited by the research team for accuracy. Transcripts underwent descriptive content analyses using NVivo© software. Data analyses revealed a significant barrier, the Coronavirus Diseases of 2019 (COVID-19), in providing home-like environments for LTC residents with dementia. RDs reported the negative impact of COVID-19-related isolation among LTC residents with dementia. To mitigate the spread of COVID-19 among vulnerable residents, strict infection control policies were implemented. Therefore, many LTC facilities suspended communal dining, resulting in increased isolation and a sense of social disconnection, exacerbating the progression of dementia in many residents. Thus, COVID-19 presented a significant barrier for RDs to provide a mealtime environment that is home-like for LTC residents. To provide optimal nutrition care for LTC residents with dementia, having a middle road between the COVID-19 policies and traditional practices has been suggested.
“WE DON’T AGE ALONE; WE AGE AS A COMMUNITY”: BARRIERS AND ENABLERS OF AGING WELL IN BLACK/AFRICAN AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Khan Mushira , Holton John , Basic Ajla 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Eurocentric understandings of successful aging privilege optimal physical and cognitive health, absence of disease and disability, and active social engagement in later life. This marginalizes the experiences of diverse older adults who may live with chronic conditions but maintain a good quality of life, supported by factors such as spirituality, resilience, and close familial ties. Further, this approach is myopic because it fails to capture social determinants of health (SDOH) that influence the aging process over time. The Perceptions of Aging Well in Diverse Older Adults study is a 5-year series that seeks to identify: 1) micro-, meso- and macro-level factors that shape aging well in racial/ethnic minority older adults, and 2) strategies to support aging well in racial/ethnic minority older adults. This presentation highlights preliminary findings from a sub-study with Black/African American participants. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 community-dwelling Black/African American adults age 50+ (14 females, 9 males; mean age = 71.2 years). Thematic analysis of the interview data showed that neighborhood safety, food insecurity, pharmacy deserts, adverse childhood experiences, structural racism, and everyday micro-aggressions shaped perceptions of aging well in powerful ways. Strong kinship bonds and a desire to leave a legacy of resilience and empowerment for younger generations motivated participants to engage in prosocial activities such as volunteering in local church communities. These findings suggest that along with addressing key SDOH, fostering generativity through teaching and mentoring, creative arts, and taking on community leadership roles may enhance subjective well-being in Black/African American older adults.
ADRD: A REVIEW OF THE PATIENT-CENTERED OUTCOMES RESEARCH INSTITUTE’S (PCORI) RESEARCH PORTFOLIO AND PRIORITIES
Authors: Audley John , Majid Tabassum , Akinbami Yewande , Arora Neeraj , Coyle Marissa , Philips Joanna , Moraras Kate , Clauser Steve 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Given the aging of the U.S. population, the number of individuals living with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) is projected to reach 13 million by 2050. There is an urgent need for research efforts to advance prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for ADRD. Furthermore, caregivers of individuals with ADRD often face distinct challenges and experience significant caregiving burden that has an impact on their well-being. To address unmet needs of individuals with ADRD and their caregivers, PCORI has invested nearly $85 million in patient-centered comparative clinical effectiveness research (CER) focused on ADRD and has initiated several stakeholder convenings to identify future research priorities. PCORI’s ADRD portfolio of 15 CER studies includes interventions focused on caregiving, polypharmacy, telehealth, care models, and palliative care. Additionally, PCORI has funded engagement awards, dissemination & implementation initiatives, and research infrastructure projects to help facilitate the conduct and awareness of research on persons living with ADRD and their caregivers. To support continued research in this area, PCORI plans to re-issue a $50 million funding initiative on Healthy Aging with a special area of emphasis on interventions for caregivers of older adults living with ADRD. By systematically synthesizing PCORI’s portfolio and themes from stakeholder convenings in ADRD, we can identify the strengths of current investments and understand evidence gaps to guide PCORI’s future investments. This will enable us to holistically address future real-world, decisional dilemmas most important to patients, caregivers, and other stakeholders.
AGE DIFFERENCES IN EMOTION REGULATION AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTION
Authors: Toh Wei Xing , Yang Hwajin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Age-related improvements in emotion regulation (ER) are thought to account for the relatively healthy levels of well-being observed in late adulthood. However, extant laboratory-based evidence on age differences in the effective implementation of ER strategies―such as reappraisal (i.e., reframing the meaning of an emotion-eliciting event) and distraction (i.e., redirecting attention away from emotional to non-emotional information)―remains equivocal (Isaacowitz, 2022). Moreover, developmental differences in ER monitoring (i.e., adjusting regulatory approach as needed, such as maintaining or switching strategies), and factors that underpin such age-related differences, are poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated how younger and older adults (N = 335) differ in the implementation and monitoring aspects of ER, and how executive function (EF)―a collection of higher-order control operations that underlie ER processes (Pruessner et al., 2020; Schmeichel & Tang, 2015)―could explain such age-related differences in ER. Using a comprehensive battery of nine EF and two ER tasks, results indicated age-related decline for the implementation of reappraisal but not distraction. For monitoring, advancing age was associated with a less flexible pattern of strategy maintenance and switching (of reappraisal and distraction) across high- and low-intensity emotional contexts. Importantly, these age-related differences in ER implementation and monitoring were significantly mediated by declines in EF (βs = .25‒.29, ps &lt; .007), thereby alluding to the role of EF as a potential mechanism. Our findings suggest that certain ER processes are more cognitively demanding than others, and that EF could be a viable target of intervention to improve such ER processes in late adulthood.
AGE-STRATIFIED INVESTIGATION OF SLEEP DISORDERS AND PTSD PREVALENCE AMONG VIETNAM VETERANS
Authors: Chacko Thomas , Mithani Sara , Bunker Melissa , Breneman Charity , Broderick Gordon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Military Veterans often experience a range of sleep disorders that significantly impact their physical and psychological wellbeing. Current study describes prevalence and age differences (≥65 to ≤74yrs; n =193)) vs. (≥75 to ≤ 90yrs; n =157) across insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), nightmare disorder (ND), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Vietnam Veterans (N = 350; AgeMean= 74.4 [SD= 3.6]) completed a survey (online or paper) of their sleep experiences and PTSD as part of a cross-sectional study. Veterans were mostly White (95%), male (97.7%), from the Army (55%), with some or two-year college (43%), and currently married (76%). Insomnia was screened positive in 27.7% of the Veterans, OSA in 58.6%, ND in 5.7%, and PTSD in 18.6%. There were significant mean differences in insomnia and PTSD across age groups (t(348) = 2.43, p = .016) and (t(348) = 2.06, p =.04), respectively, with younger age group showing higher insomnia, and PTSD. There were no significant mean differences in OSA and ND. Pearson correlation analyses yielded important associations. Insomnia was significantly positively correlated with PTSD (r= .60), OSA (r= .33), and ND (r= .51). PTSD was significantly positively correlated with OSA (r= .30) and ND (r= .67). ND was significantly positively correlated with OSA (r= .22). There were no significant differences in the associations across the two age groups. Recognizing and addressing various sleep disorders and comorbid PTSD are crucial to improving the quality of life of Veterans. Results emphasize need for comprehensive assessment of sleep disorders and PTSD among Veterans.
AGING IN JAIL: CHALLENGES AND IMPROVEMENTS
Authors: Hernandez Adriana , Driscoll Laura , Leverentz Andrea , Mutchler Jan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The increase in incarcerated older people has created challenges in correctional facilities, including settings ranging from large prisons to smaller county jails. Aging while incarcerated brings a new dimension of difficulties for older people, and to the correctional system as a whole. The resources and environments are unsuitable for an aging population and ultimately result in greater health complications. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing challenges experienced by older adults. To further assess the issues that incarcerated older people face, researchers from UMass Boston partnered with a local jail to determine the current needs and deficiencies experienced by older men. Focus groups were conducted in person with incarcerated older men regarding their experiences, opinions on having a unit specifically for older adults, and institutional changes that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Zoom interviews were also carried out with staff. These conversations suggest that older incarcerated men encounter unique conditions that challenge their well-being. Such challenges include limited access to medical care and proper diets, lack of environmental accommodations, and inadequate exercise opportunities. These challenges exacerbate the burden of being in jail and can lead to higher risks of chronic illness. As well they have potential implications for the communities to which the men are released. Older men and jail staff were receptive to creating a unit specifically for older adults as a means of remedying some of these challenges. This poster offers policy suggestions to improve correctional facilities that better align with the unique needs of incarcerated older people.
ARCHITECTURAL, INTERIOR DESIGN, AND TECHNOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS TO FACILITATE REHABILITATION AND AGING IN PLACE
Authors: Katyarmal Swati , Wyndham-West Michelle , Khan Shehroz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Most older adults 60 years and above live in the community with either support from their caregivers or independently. Aging in place successfully involves safely carrying out activities of daily living at home without accidents and injuries. However, most traditional homes are not equipped with safe interior designs or support technological interventions, which could be a barrier to aging in place. We performed a narrative review to understand the importance of incorporating architectural, interior design, and technological interventions to support the rehabilitation of older adults with disabilities to successfully age in place. We reviewed 28 research papers from several research databases matching the inclusion criteria on interventions targeting older adults’ rehabilitation outcomes. We included studies that focused on various health conditions (e.g., spinal cord injury, stroke) and supporting home modification along with technological interventions. The review shows that the home environment has a significant impact on older adults’ overall health, and recovery, including functional capacities, cognitive processes, and emotional states providing autonomy, safety, and accessibility. Several safe design features were found, including barrier-free entrance, mobile stair climber, handrails and grab bars, anti-skid flooring, open layout, and shower seat. The integration of technologies (e.g., sensor lights, voice-activated devices) was identified as a promising avenue for enhancing the quality of life. Co-designing the built space with older adults was found to be effective. Our review highlights the need for collaboration between healthcare professionals, engineers, architects, and policymakers to design existing or new homes that support safe aging in place of older adults.
ASSESSMENT OF DEFICITS IN SPECIFIC COGNITIVE DOMAINS IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING WITH HIV (OALWH)
Authors: Reyes-Vega Andrea , Samanapally Harideep , Rijal Rishikesh , Furmanek Stephen , Shields Christopher B , Dennis Brandon C , Ghare Smita , Barve Shirish 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A significant proportion of people living with HIV (PLWH) have cognitive impairment. Moreover, approximately 70% of PLWH in the United States will be ≥50 years old by 2030, raising concerns of a higher incidence of dementia as they age. Accordingly, there is a clinical need to monitor their cognitive status. The aim of this study was to delineate specific cognition areas impacted in OALWH with a clinical diagnosis of neurocognitive impairment. We used a comprehensive set of tests (paper and NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery), to assess different cognitive domains in a total of 25 OALWH ≥ 50 years. 64% were diagnosed with neurocognitive impairment and 36% were non-impaired. T-scores were compared using t-tests of means. Differences in means and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Impaired patients scored on average 18.35 T-score points lower on Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) retention trial (p 0.016, CI:6.74-29.97) and 9.19 T-score points lower on the NIH Picture Vocabulary Test (PVT) (p 0.033, CI:1.12-17.26). Stroop color word, NIH Card Sort and NIH Picture sequence memory test were trending to be significantly lower in impaired patients (p&lt; 0.07). In impaired OALWH, the HVLT data demonstrated a decreased capacity to learn and an early memory loss, suggesting frontal executive and attention type deficits. Moreover, the decreased PVT scores demonstrated an impact on crystallized intelligence, indicating decline in verbal skills, semantic knowledge, or retrieval. Overall, the observed deficits in different cognitive domains support early neurocognitive screening even when OALWH do not show overt signs of neurocognitive impairment.
ASSESSMENT OF ELECTROLYTE ABNORMALITIES IN OLDER ADULTS WITH COVID-19 DELIRIUM
Authors: Petrovic Milenko , Park Esther , Pangle Amanda , Wei Jeanne , Azhar Gohar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This retrospective study explored the impact of COVID-19 on altered sodium and potassium in older adults with delirium. EMRs from the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) database were reviewed from January 7, 2018 to January 5, 2021 for electrolyte abnormalities and delirium. Inclusion criteria were age 65 or older, all races, genders, and ethnicities with COVID or non-COVID infections. We identified 319 patients with COVID-19 out of which 108 (33.8%) had delirium during COVID. In COVID-delirious patients, hypokalemia was present in 8, hyperkalemia in 10, hyponatremia in 9, and hypernatremia in 20.127/319 (39.8%) COVID patients had an electrolyte disorder at some point with hypokalemia being most represented at 58/127 (45.7%). Out of the patients who experienced hypokalemia at some point, 34/319 (10.6%) had delirium. In another cohort of 306 older adults with non-COVID pneumonias we identified 173 patients with electrolyte disorders and 106 (34.6%) with delirium during pneumonia. Electrolyte disturbances were more present in non-COVID pneumonias vs. those with COVID (p&lt; 0.001). Hypokalemia was more identified in non-COVID, 56/306 (18.3%), vs. COVID patients, 34/319 (10.6%) (p&lt; 0.006). Interestingly, hypernatremia was greater in COVID groups (p&lt; 0.0321). There was no difference in delirium between COVID vs non-COVID patients, but electrolytes disorders and hypokalemia were observed with greater frequency in non-COVID pneumonias. Notably, hypernatremia developed more in patients suffering from COVID and since it can be associated with seizures and cerebral hemorrhage, particular attention should be paid to prevent hypernatremia from developing in order to reduce COVID-related morbidity and mortality.
ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF PARTICIPATION IN DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY: A STUDY BASED ON OLDER PEOPLE IN CHINA
Authors: Liu Lan , Guo Chao , Qi Liangshu , Wang Yingying , Shu Ruixin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There has been an increasingly important trend that more and more older people take part in activities of digital technology nowadays in China. In this study, the research question associated to determinants of older people’s digital engagement was addressed, which has been quantitatively analyzed by statistical models in a sample of older people 60 to 98 years of age from China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (N=11207). For dependent variable, digital participation of older people has been measured by the access to the Internet with mobile phones and various digital devices, whereas for independent variables, individual, situational, environmental, and social policy factors which were based on a conceptual model of productive aging framework have been constructed to present academic explanations on dependent variable. Results of Probit and Ordered-Probit regression showed that the older people’s participation in digital technology was closely related to individual and situational factors, whereas the effects of environmental factors and social policies were not statistically significant. Older adults who were much younger and physically healthier had higher probability of participation in digital technology. Meanwhile, those who lived in urban area, had higher levels on income, literacy and social support were more likely to be involved in digital activities. Conclusions shed light on the significance of academic research to improve productive ageing and successful ageing which takes a more active role on exploring and grappling with issues related to application of digital technology especially technological difficulties that older people have confronted with in an ageing society.