bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P30 Trouble with skin: Do parents understand the impact skin conditions have on children’s quality of life?
Authors: Leahy Marion , Murphy Annette 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Paediatric skin conditions have a negative impact on the quality of life in patients and their families. The children’s dermatology life quality index score (CDLQI) was initially designed and published in 1951. Often the parent or guardian fills out this questionnaire; basing their answers on how they feel the disease is affecting the child. This leads to a biased CDLQI that doesn’t show the true impact on the child.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis on children aged 4-12 and to assess if there is a difference in the CDLQI depending on whether the parent or child fills out the form.
Observational cross-sectional study. Eighty patients aged 4-12 were recruited from paediatric dermatology clinic. Disease severity scores were completed and treatment to date noted. Parents filled out the CDLQI on their own while the child filled it out with the doctor. Parent and child answers assessed for differences.
Eighty patients and parents met the inclusion criteria. Forty patients had psoriasis and forty had atopic dermatitis. Across all disease severities parents underestimated the impact of itch. The moderate disease cohort showed the greatest difference in patient/parent CDLQI. Parents overestimated how embarrassed children were and most parents felt the disease was impacting the childs friendships and causing bullying. The majority of children did not report this as being an issue.
This highlights the impact of paediatric skin disease on carers and the importance of the child filling out the CDLQI form.
Gene therapy encoding cell cycle factors to treat chronic ischemic heart failure in rats
Authors: Abouleisa Riham R E , Tang Xian-Liang , Ou Qinghui , Salama Abou-Bakr M , Woolard Amie , Hammouri Dana , Abdelhafez Hania , Cayton Sarah , Abdulwali Sameeha K , Arai Momo , Sithu Israel D , Conklin Daniel J , Bolli Roberto , Mohamed Tamer M A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aims
Gene therapies to induce cardiomyocyte (CM) cell cycle re-entry have shown a potential to treat subacute ischaemic heart failure (IHF) but have not been tested in the more relevant setting of chronic IHF. Our group recently showed that polycistronic non-integrating lentivirus encoding Cdk1/CyclinB1 and Cdk4/CyclinD1 (TNNT2-4Fpolycistronic-NIL) is effective in inducing CM cell cycle re-entry and ameliorating subacute IHF models and preventing the subsequent IHF-induced congestions in the liver, kidneys, and lungs in rats and pigs. Here, we aim to test the long-term efficacy of TNNT2-4Fpolycistronic-NIL in a rat model of chronic IHF, a setting that differs pathophysiologically from subacute IHF and has greater clinical relevance.

Methods and results
Rats were subjected to a 2-h coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion; 4 weeks later, rats were injected intramyocardially with either TNNT2-4Fpolycistronic-NIL or LacZ-NIL. Four months post-viral injection, TNNT2-4Fpolycistronic-NIL–treated rats showed a significant reduction in scar size and a significant improvement in left ventricular (LV) systolic cardiac function but not in the LV dilatation associated with chronic IHF. A mitosis reporter system developed in our lab showed significant induction of CM mitotic activity in TNNT2-4Fpolycistronic-NIL–treated rats.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates, for the first time, that TNNT2-4Fpolycistronic-NIL gene therapy induces CM cell cycle re-entry in chronic IHF and improves LV function, and that this salubrious effect is sustained for at least 4 months. Given the high prevalence of chronic IHF, these results have significant clinical implications for developing a novel treatment for this deadly disease.
Dancing in the purple rain: color affinity and oviposition choices in Aedes sierrensis (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Bibbs Christopher S , Casci Kai , Widmer Thomas D , Dewsnup M Andrew , Jay Kaia , Meredith Kirsten D , Faraji Ary , Vickers Neil J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The western tree hole mosquito, Aedes sierrensis (Ludlow) (Diptera: Clucidae), is a pestiferous mosquito with a range extending over the entire pacific seaboard and into portions of the intermountain west. As a peridomestic heartworm vector, it demands at least some level of surveillance to understand its abundance. However, the species is refractory to a majority of conventional vector surveillance approaches for tracking mosquitoes. To find more options for Aedes sierrensis surveillance, a variety of oviposition attractants were evaluated in arena-style choice assays using colony reared adults. A range of infusion treatments (e.g., alfalfa, oak, and beetroot) were examined and then combined with investigations of liquid color as well as ovicup color and entryway position. These studies revealed that Ae. sierrensis have an affinity for purple coloration, plain water, and larger entryway sizes for oviposition cups. A prototype ovicup was 3D-printed using purple filament and multiple types of entryways, and used to re-test infusion waters. No particular attraction differences were detected after normalizing for purple color. Comparisons to black 3D-printed cups yielded surprising observations that male mosquitoes also aggregated on purple cups while females sheltered, but not necessarily oviposited, in black cups. Although this was only a laboratory-based assessment, these studies provide useful information for future field trials of potential oviposition traps for surveillance of Ae. sierrensis.
Relapse and failure rates between CAD/CAM and conventional fixed retainers: a 2-year follow-up of a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Tran Giau , Rucker Ryan , Foley Patrick , Bankhead Brent , Adel Samar M , Kim Ki Beom 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Retention has been always considered a major challenge in orthodontics. Recently computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fixed retainers (FRs) have been introduced as a marked development in retainer technology, offering potential advantages.

Objective
The objective of this study was to compare the differences in relapse and failure rates in patients treated with FRs using CAD/CAM technology, lab-based technique, and chairside method.

Trial design
A double-blinded, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted over a 2-year period at a single centre.

Methods

Participants
Initially, 81 patients were recruited, but only 43 patients who came back for a 2-year retention were included in the study.

Interventions
These patients were divided into three groups: CAD/CAM group with multistranded Stainless Steel wires (CAD/CAM, n = 14), lab group with the same multistranded wires (lab, n = 15), and a chairside group with Stainless Steel Ortho-FlexTech wires (chairside, n = 14).

Outcomes
Inter-canine width (ICW) and Little’s irregularity index were digitally measured from scans at the orthodontic debonding (T1), 6-month retention (T2), 1-year retention (T3), and 2-year retention (T4) visits. All forms of failure were documented and analyzed.

Randomization
Participants were randomly assigned to the three groups using online randomization software (randomization.com) by a statistician who was not involved in the study.

Blinding
Patients were blinded in terms of the FR group to which they were each randomly assigned. The principal investigator was blinded upon data analysis since patients’ records were coded to minimize observer and measurement bias.

Results
Initially 81 patients were assessed for eligibility. Seventy-five patients were randomly allocated into the three study groups. After 2-year follow-up, 43 patients came back for the follow-up and were analyzed. The CAD/CAM group showed significantly less reduction in ICW compared to the chairside group at all time intervals (P &lt; .05) and compared to the lab group at 6 months (P = .038). In terms of LII, the CAD/CAM group exhibited significantly less change than the chairside and lab groups at all time intervals (P &lt; .05). The CAD/CAM group had the lowest failure rate (21.4%), followed by chairside group (28.6%) and then lab group (33.3%), however the differences were insignificant. No harms were observed in the current study.

Conclusion
Within 2 years of fixed retention, CAD/CAM FRs showed significantly less relapse than lab-based and chairside FRs. However, there was no significant difference in failure rates among the groups.

Trial registration
NCT05915273
The relationship between third molar agenesis and craniofacial morphology: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Le Yushi , Li Mingjuan , Li Feng , Wu Shuxuan , Zhu Chongjie , Wan Qilong 
Published: January 2024

Summary

Background
Agenesis of third molar agenesis has a higher incidence than other tooth development anomalies. Previous research identified a potential correlation between third molar agenesis and specific craniofacial morphology; however, no systematic review and meta-analysis on this topic currently exists.

Objective
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between third molar agenesis and craniofacial sagittal and vertical morphology.

Search methods
An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library without restrictions on publication year or language; this was supplemented by the manual retrieval of relevant literature.

Selection criteria
Cross-sectional studies that compared craniofacial morphology using angular and linear measurements obtained from lateral cephalography between patients with third molar agenesis and those without were included.

Data collection and analysis
The quality assessment of the enrolled articles was evaluated by the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. Meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed by Review Manager software (The Cochrane Collaborative, version 5.4, Cochrane IMS).

Results
A total of seven studies were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that the ANB (mean differences (MD) = –0.75, 95% CI: –1.31 to –0.19, P &lt; 0.01), palate length (ANS–PNS, MD = –1.68, 95% CI: –2.24 to –1.11, P &lt; 0.01), and mandibular length (Go-Pog, MD = –0.36, 95% CI: –0.59 to –0.13, P &lt; 0.01) were smaller in patients with third molar agenesis. With regard to vertical craniofacial morphology, the mandibular plane angle (MP-FH; MD = –1.88, 95% CI: –3.45 to –0.31, P = 0.02), gonial angle (gonial angle; MD = –1.73, 95% CI: –2.69 to –0.77, P &lt; 0.01) and lower face height (lower face heigh angle; MD = –1.36, 95% CI: –1.94 to –0.77, P &lt; 0.01) were smaller in patients with third molar agenesis, indicating a flatter or brachyfacial skeletal pattern.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that third molar agenesis maybe associated with a reduced maxillary length and a flatter mandible. However, these findings need to be interpreted with caution due to inconsistencies in the certainty of evidence.

Clinical Trial Registration
PROSPERO (CRD42023448226).
‘Real National Work’: The Politics of Nazi Race Science in Upper Silesia, 1934–1942
Authors: Evans Andrew D 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article analyses the political and scientific controversy surrounding a race science project undertaken by the anthropologist Egon Freiherr von Eickstedt under National Socialism. Beginning in 1934, Eickstedt and his team of assistants conducted a series of racial studies on the population of Upper Silesia, a contested borderland in East Prussia. Motivated by a nationalist desire to counter the work of Polish anthropologists in the region, Eickstedt argued that the population of Upper Silesia belonged predominantly to the so-called ‘Nordic race’ and that the territory was thus fundamentally German. Nazi officials, however, viewed the Silesian studies with alarm, since the results also appeared to show that people in the area were a racial mixture and that the ‘Nordic race’ made up less than 40 per cent of the population in some locales. They worried that Eickstedt’s studies could undermine Germany’s territorial claims in the region and threaten national unity. The ensuing controversy presents a case in which the anthropological concept of ‘race’, rather than serving its usual role in Nazi thinking as the biological underpinning of the Volk (or people), threatened to undermine its coherence. The reaction to Eickstedt’s Silesian studies demonstrates a lack of consensus on race within the Nazi system, suggesting that understandings of race in Nazi Germany were neither as coherent nor as uniform as the paradigm of the ‘racial state’ has assumed.
Trademark Protection Versus Parodic Use in Commerce: A Comparative Analysis of the US Approach Post Jack Daniel’s Properties v. VIP Products and the German Likelihood of Confusion Analysis
Authors: Chiampi Ohly Diana D 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In June 2023, the US Supreme Court delivered its highly anticipated verdict in Jack Daniel’s Properties v. VIP Products. The case involves a parodic use of the famous Jack Daniel’s Tennessee whiskey trade dress, name, logo and appearance by VIP Products, which sells dog toys called ‘Silly Squeakers.’ The disputed toy, named ‘Bad Spaniels,’ resembles the whiskey bottle in shape and design but with humorous alterations.
Jack Daniel’s argued that this use could confuse consumers and harm the company’s reputation. VIP Products, on the other hand, claimed it was exercising its First Amendment right to free speech through parody. Jack Daniel’s requested VIP Products to stop advertising and selling the toy.
The central issue is the balance between brand protection under US Trademark Law and the right to a parodic use in a commercial context when a mark is used as a mark with a source-identifying purpose. Additionally, the impact of consumer surveys for determining the likelihood of confusion in case of an infringement action is emphasized. Overall, the case raises critical questions about trademark protection and freedom of speech, with potential implications for future parodic uses of famous marks in commercial contexts.
The distinction between actions for infringement and dilution by tarnishment lies in their respective purposes. Dilution actions aim to safeguard the reputation of a famous mark’s owner, while infringement actions seek to prevent confusion among consumers. These fundamental principles hold true in both US and German trademark law. The forthcoming analysis will delve into the implications and consequences of the US Supreme Court’s ruling, comparing it with pertinent German case law concerning freedom of speech and artistic expression. Particular focus will be given to the potential authorization of parodic use of a mark resembling another’s trademark for commercial purposes. Notably, a relevant case involving canines, referred to as the ‘Leaping Poodle,’ will be central to this contemplation.
Older Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are at Higher Risk of Developing Antibodies to Infliximab
Authors: Faye Adam S , Lee Kate E , Hudesman David , Dervieux Thierry 
Published: January 2024

Lay Summary
Although older age is thought to confer immunosenescence, we found that older adults with inflammatory bowel disease are independently at higher risk to develop antibodies to infliximab. Additionally, older adults are less likely to receive escalated doses of infliximab.
Infliximab Monotherapy vs Combination Therapy for Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Exhibit Similar Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Colman Ruben J , Vuijk Stephanie A , Mathôt Ron A A , Van Limbergen Johan , Jongsma Maria M E , Schreurs Marco W J , Minar Phillip , de Ridder Lissy , D’Haens Geert R A M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The use of concomitant azathioprine may improve efficacy and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of infliximab (IFX) but is also associated with an increased risk of adverse events. Proactive therapeutic drug monitoring (pTDM) of IFX monotherapy is an alternative strategy to improve PK. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether IFX with an immunomodulator (combo) has PK benefits over IFX-pTDM (mono) in pediatric Crohn’s disease (CD).

Methods
This PK analysis included pediatric CD patients who started either IFX combo (TISKids study) or IFX mono with pTDM (REFINE cohort). Combo and mono IFX trough levels (TLs) and antibodies-to-infliximab were assessed at infusion 3, 4, and 5. A population PK model was built to compare IFX PK outcomes (clearance [CL], TLs and cumulative exposure) between combo and mono groups at infusion 4 and 5. Clinical response and steroid-free clinical remission (SFCR) was assessed at infusion 4 and 5.

Results
This study included 128 pediatric CD patients (66 mono and 62 combo). At infusion 5, there was no significant difference between mono and combo median TLs 4.1 µg/mL (2.1, 7.8) vs 5.9 µg/mL (3.2, 9.4; P = .14) or median CL 0.26 L/d (0.21, 0.32) vs 0.26 L/d (0.21, 0.33; P = .81). Mono patients had a lower SFCR rate at infusion 5 (53% [31 of 59] vs 80% [32 of 40]; P = .01). Clinical response rates were significantly higher among combo than mono patients at both infusion 4 and 5.

Conclusions
This study suggests that there are no PK differences (TLs and CL) between combo and mono therapy in pediatric CD patients who started IFX.
Moving Lexicographical Mountains for the Community: A Comparison of Print and Online Resources of Mountaineering English
Authors: Leuckert Sven 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The specialised community of (Anglophone) mountaineers began producing their own systematic lexicographical output in the second half of the 19th century. Since then, digitalisation has led to more and more online resources of ‘Mountaineering English’ (MountE) being created. In this contribution, a major print dictionary by Samet (2011) is compared to four online resources of MountE in terms of their micro-structure and their macro-structure. The study shows that, with few exceptions, the online resources make little use of digital affordances; the print dictionary is the most comprehensive and the most complex in almost all aspects. However, there are important differences between all five resources as far as their micro- and macro-structures are concerned. Overall, the paper highlights that, while the lexicographical efforts of the community are laudable, more work needs to be done.
Political Turmoil and Attitude Change Among the Diaspora. The Impact of the 2016 Attempted Military Coup on Homeland Orientation Among Recent Turkish Immigrants in the Netherlands
Authors: Lubbers Marcel , Fleischmann Fenella , Geurts Nella , Gijsberts Mérove 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study underscores the significance of home-country events in shaping connections between diaspora and their country of origin. Focusing on immigrants from Turkey who migrated to the Netherlands in 2012/2013, our panel-study sheds light on post-migration developments concerning interest in Turkish politics and sense of identification with Turkey. Leveraging the 2016 failed military coup as a natural experiment, we apply also rally effect theory. Our findings reveal that political interest increased in the aftermath of the coup attempt and stronger so among immigrants who supported the AK-party. Conversely, identification with Turkey declined, while remaining stable among migrants identifying as Turkish majority members. This research demonstrates the importance of examining responses to home-country events, elucidating on variations observed across subgroups.
Is Science for the Rich and Powerful? Investigating the Relation Between Income and Trust in Science Across 145 Countries
Authors: Fuglsang Simon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Prior research indicates that income relates to trust in science. However, no prior studies exclusively focus on this relationship, leaving questions on the characteristics and universality of the relationship unanswered. This study enriches our understanding of the relationship between individual-level income and trust in science on 3 fronts. First, this study explicates income into the dimensions of relative income (objective economic status) and subjective income (perceived economic hardship and satisfaction). Second, it provides a global overview by assessing the aforementioned relationship across 145 countries, investigating whether the relationship is universal or contingent on country-level characteristics. Third, the study investigates moderators at country and individual-level. Results indicate that subjective income is more strongly related to trust in science than relative income and that it is strongest in previously studied populations. The relationship is moderated by institutional quality (which increases the relationship) and economic climate (GDP per capita increasing the relationship) at the country-level, and science efficacy (increasing the relationship) and trust in government (decreasing the relationship) at the individual-level.
Partisan Risk Tolerance for In-Person Voting During the Pandemic: Survey Evidence from the U.S. 2020 Election
Authors: Whitt Sam , Yanus Alixandra B , McDonald Brian , Kifer Martin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To what extent will people turn out to vote under high-risk, high-cost circumstances? We examine the impact of risk tolerance on willingness to vote in person in the U.S. 2020 election during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our results are based on pre- and postelection surveys that indicated partisan Republicans were more willing to vote in person than Democrats or Independents, who preferred voting by mail. Using behavioral measures of risk-taking, we find that Republican in-person voting is predicted by greater generalized and pandemic-related risk tolerance compared with Democrats and nonpartisans. To explain risk tolerance, we employ prospect theory to illustrate how Republicans’ fear of electoral loss, alongside conservative elite and media efforts to downplay COVID-19 severity, likely influenced Republican readiness to assume risks of in-person voting during the pandemic. We urge scholars to consider the implications of risk tolerance for models of electoral behavior under high-risk and high-cost voting conditions.
Formality in the Deligne-Langlands Correspondence
Authors: Antor Jonas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Deligne-Langlands correspondence parametrizes irreducible representations of the affine Hecke algebra $\mathcal{H}^{\operatorname{aff}}$ by certain perverse sheaves. We show that this can be lifted to an equivalence of triangulated categories. More precisely, we construct for each central character $\chi $ of $\mathcal{H}^{\operatorname{aff}}$ an equivalence of triangulated categories between a perfect derived category of dg-modules $D_{\operatorname{perf}}(\mathcal{H}^{\operatorname{aff}}/(\ker (\chi )) - \operatorname{dgMod})$ and the triangulated category generated by the corresponding perverse sheaves. The main step in this construction is a formality result that we prove for a wide range of ‘Springer sheaves’.