bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zoledronic Acid Add-on Therapy for Standard-Risk Ewing Sarcoma Patients in the Ewing 2008R1 Trial
Authors: Koch Raphael , Haveman Lianne , Ladenstein Ruth , Brichard Benedicte , Jürgens Heribert , Cyprova Sona , van den Berg Henk , Hassenpflug Wolf , Raciborska Anna , Ek Torben , Baumhoer Daniel , Egerer Gerlinde , Kager Leo , Renard Marleen , Hauser Peter , Burdach Stefan , Bovee Judith V.M.G. , Hong Angela M. , Reichardt Peter , Kruseova Jarmila , Streitbürger Arne , Kühne Thomas , Kessler Torsten , Bernkopf Marie , Butterfaß-Bahloul Trude , Dhooge Catharina , Bauer Sebastian , Kiss János , Paulussen Michael , Bonar Fiona , Ranft Andreas , Timmermann Beate , Rascon Jelena , Vieth Volker , Kanerva Jukka , Faldum Andreas , Hartmann Wolfgang , Hjorth Lars , Bhadri Vivek A. , Metzler Markus , Gelderblom Hans , Dirksen Uta 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurpose:The phase III, open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomized Ewing 2008R1 trial (EudraCT2008-003658-13) was conducted in 12 countries to evaluate the effect of zoledronic acid (ZOL) maintenance therapy compared with no add-on regarding event-free survival (EFS, primary endpoint) and overall survival (OS) in standard-risk Ewing sarcoma (EWS).Patients and Methods:Eligible patients had localized EWS with either good histologic response to induction chemotherapy and/or small tumors (&lt;200 mL). Patients received six cycles of VIDE induction and eight cycles of VAI (male) or eight cycles of VAC (female) consolidation. ZOL treatment started parallel to the sixth consolidation cycle. Randomization was stratified by tumor site (pelvis/other). The two-sided adaptive inverse–normal four-stage design (planned sample size 448 patients, significance level 5%, power 80%) was changed after the first interim analysis using the Müller–Schäfer method.Results:Between April 2010 and November 2018, 284 patients were randomized (142 ZOL/142 no add-on). With a median follow-up of 3.9 years, EFS was not significantly different between ZOL and no add-on group in the adaptive design (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.43–1.28, P = 0.27, intention-to-treat). Three-year EFS rates were 84.0% (95% CI, 77.7%–90.8%) for ZOL vs. 81.7% (95% CI, 75.2%–88.8%) for no add-on. Results were similar in the per-protocol collective. OS was not different between groups. The 3-year OS was 92.8% (95% CI, 88.4%–97.5%) for ZOL and 94.6% (95% CI, 90.9%–98.6%) for no add-on. Noticeable more renal, neurologic, and gastrointestinal toxicities were observed for ZOL (P &lt; 0.05). Severe renal toxicities occurred more often in the ZOL arm (P = 0.003).Conclusions:In patients with standard-risk localized EWS, there is no additional benefit from maintenance treatment with ZOL.
Willingness-to-pay for a Haze Adaptation Program and a Haze Eradication Program in Singapore: The 2015 Transboundary Haze
Authors: Quah Euston , Chia Wai-Mun , Tan Tsiat-Siong , Ho Nick 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In Southeast Asia, the seasonal transboundary haze pollution stemming from slash-and-burn practices of traditional Indonesian farmers affects several countries in the region including Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, and Brunei. Despite both domestic and regional efforts that have been put in place to help fight against haze, Southeast Asian haze remains a long-term issue that recurs in a varying degree of intensity during every dry season in the region. While we remain optimistic that the problem will eventually be resolved, given that most of these fires are the result of human activity, solutions can be executed successfully only in the longer run. In the interim, one of Singapore's options is to adapt. A contingent valuation (CV) survey on 793 Singapore residents was conducted in Singapore between November and December 2017 to elicit their willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a haze adaptation program and a haze eradication program in Singapore. We use a double-bounded dichotomous choice CV survey design and the Kaplan-Meier-Turnbull method and the probit regression to infer the distribution of Singapore residents’ WTP for the two programs and find that they are willing to pay between S$ 46.46 and S$ 60.06 for a haze adaptation program that reduces the local impacts of haze and between S$ 51.66 and S$ 66.76 for a haze eradication program. These findings suggest that Singapore residents continue to value the government's effort to derive solutions to resolve the haze crisis that recurs intermittently.
Decarbonization Pathways in Laos: The Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Kyophilavong Phouphet 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Climate change is a severe threat to humankind. To keep global warming limited to 1.5C, it must reach net-zero emission by 2050. It is ambitious and challenging for Laos to achieve the target. The main objective of this paper is to identify the challenges and solutions to the decarbonization pathway in Laos. The net-zero emission by 2025 goal is too ambitious for Laos and the LDC countries, and there are several challenges, including human resources, funding, and technologies. Achieving the target requires extensive funding, human resources, and technologies. Therefore, the roles of developed countries and international donors are crucial.
Surface Solar Radiation Compositions Observed from Himawari-8/9 and Fengyun-4 Series
Authors: Letu Husi , Ma Run , Nakajima Takashi Y. , Shi Chong , Hashimoto Makiko , Nagao Takashi M. , Baran Anthony J. , Nakajima Teruyuki , Xu Jian , Wang Tianxing , Tana Gegen , Bilige Sude , Shang Huazhe , Chen Liangfu , Ji Dabin , Lei Yonghui , Wei Lesi , Zhang Peng , Li Jun , Li Lei , Zheng Yu , Khatri Pradeep , Shi Jiancheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Surface downward solar radiation compositions (SSRC), including photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), ultraviolet-A (UVA), ultraviolet-B (UVB), and shortwave radiation (SWR), with high spatial–temporal resolutions and precision are essential for applications including solar power, vegetation photosynthesis, and environmental health. In this study, an optimal algorithm was developed to calculate SSRC, including their direct and diffuse components. Key features of the algorithm include combining the radiative transfer model with machine learning techniques, including full consideration of the effects of aerosol types, cloud phases, and gas components. A near-real-time monitoring system was developed based on this algorithm, with SSRC products generated from Himawari-8/9 and Fengyun-4 series data. Validation with ground-based data shows that the accuracy of the SWR and PAR compositions (daily mean RMSEs of 19.7 and 9.2 W m−2, respectively) are significantly better than those of state-of-the-art products from CERES, ERA5, and GLASS. The accuracy of UVA and UVB measurements is comparable with CERES. Characteristics of aerosols, clouds, gases, and their impacts on SSRC are investigated before, during, and post COVID-19; in particular, significant SSRC variations due to the reduction of aerosols and increase of ozone are identified in the Chinese central and eastern areas during that period. The spatial–temporal resolution of data products [up to 0.05° (10 min)−1 for the full-disk region] is one of the most important advantages. Data for the East Asia–Pacific region during 2016–20 is available from the CARE home page (www.slrss.cn/care/sp/pc/).
Barotropic and Moisture–Vortex Growth of Monsoon Low Pressure Systems
Authors: Luo Haochang , Adames Corraliza Ángel F. , Rood Richard B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As one of the most prominent weather systems over the Indian subcontinent, the Indian summer monsoon low pressure systems (MLPSs) have been studied extensively over the past decades. However, the processes that govern the growth of the MLPSs are not well understood. To better understand these processes, we created an MLPS index using bandpass-filtered precipitation data. Lag regression maps and vertical cross sections are used to document the distribution of moisture, moist static energy (MSE), geopotential, and horizontal and vertical motions in these systems. It is shown that moisture governs the distribution of MSE and is in phase with precipitation, vertical motion, and geopotential during the MLPS cycle. Examination of the MSE budget reveals that longwave radiative heating maintains the MSE anomalies against dissipation from vertical MSE advection. These processes nearly cancel one another, and it is variations in horizontal MSE advection that are found to explain the growth and decay of the MSE anomalies. Horizontal MSE advection contributes to the growth of the MSE anomalies in MLPSs prior to the system attaining a maximum amplitude and contributes to decay thereafter. The horizontal MSE advection is largely due to meridional advection of mean state MSE by the anomalous winds, suggesting that the MSE anomalies undergo a moisture–vortex instability (MVI)-like growth. In contrast, perturbation kinetic energy (PKE) is generated through barotropic conversion. The structure, propagation, and energetics of the regressed MLPSs are consistent with both barotropic and moisture–vortex growth.
Flash Drought Typologies and Societal Impacts: A Worldwide Review of Occurrence, Nomenclature, and Experiences of Local Populations
Authors: Walker David W. , Vergopolan Noemi , Cavalcante Louise , Smith Kelly Helm , Agoungbome Sehouevi Mawuton David , Almagro André , Apurv Tushar , Dahal Nirmal Mani , Hoffmann David , Singh Vishal , Xiang Zhang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Flash droughts, characterized by rapid onset and intensification, are increasingly occurring as a consequence of climate change and rising temperatures. However, existing hydrometeorological definitions fail to encompass the full range of flash droughts, many of which have distinct local physical attributes. Consequently, these events often go undetected or unforecast in generic global flash drought assessments and are underrepresented in research. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive survey to gather information on local nomenclature, characteristics, and impacts of flash droughts worldwide. The survey revealed the widespread occurrence of these phenomena, highlighting their underresearched nature. By analyzing case studies, through literature review often in local languages to unearth elusive studies, we identified five different types of flash droughts based on their specific characteristics. Our study aims to increase awareness about the complexity and diverse impacts of flash droughts, emphasizing the importance of considering regional contexts and the vulnerability of affected populations. The reported impacts underscore the need for better integration of all flash drought types in drought research, monitoring, and management. Monitoring a combination of indicators is crucial for timely detection and response to this emerging and escalating threat.

Significance Statement
This study aims to better understand flash droughts worldwide and their varying characteristics and impacts. We surveyed the experiences of people affected by flash droughts and then examined a wide range of literature, including non-English and nonacademic sources. This helped us understand how flash droughts can differ from those commonly studied in the United States and China. We identified and described five types of flash droughts, some of which may not be detected by current drought measurement methods. It is crucial to include all types of flash droughts in drought monitoring systems and management plans, as they are expected to become more common due to global warming. We can then better prepare for and reduce the impacts of this growing threat.
Mental health and quality of life across 6 years of medical training: A year-by-year analysis
Authors: Maddalena Natalia de Castro Pecci , Lucchetti Alessandra Lamas Granero , Moutinho Ivana Lucia Damasio , Ezequiel Oscarina da Silva , Lucchetti Giancarlo 
Published: October 2023

Background: Despite growing evidence on medical students’ mental health deterioration, studies have primarily used short follow-up periods and not followed the students throughout their medical training. Objective: To assess mental health (stress, anxiety, and depression) and quality of life changes throughout their medical program, we followed up with the same cohort of students for 6 years. Methods: This longitudinal prospective study followed up with the same group of medical students at a Brazilian public medical school from 2014 to 2020. The study analyzed sociodemographic data, mental health (including depression, anxiety, and stress [DASS-21]), quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), satisfaction from studying to be a physician, and happiness with life. General linear mixed models were used for the analyses. Results: The cohort included 80 Brazilian medical students (63.7% women; mean age = 19.6 years [ SD = 2.21]). A high prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress was found throughout medical training, with more than 50% of students having significant symptoms. Mental health, happiness, and quality of life levels tended to be better in the first and last semesters, being worse in the middle of the program. However, satisfaction from studying to become a doctor decreased in the second semester, remained low throughout the program, and never returned to baseline levels. Conclusion: Mental health and quality of life levels remained high throughout the medical program, with better levels in the first and last semesters and falling in the middle of the program. These data can help managers and educators understand how psychological distress affects medical students.
Second International Consensus Study of Antipsychotic Dosing (ICSAD-2)
Authors: McAdam Matthew KT , Baldessarini Ross J , Murphy Andrea L , Gardner David M 
Published: October 2023

Background: Expert consensus-based clinically equivalent dose estimates and dosing recommendations can provide valuable support for the use of drugs for psychosis in clinical practice and research. Aims: This second International Consensus Study of Antipsychotic Dosing provides dosing equivalencies and recommendations for newer drugs for psychosis and previously reported drugs with low consensus. Methods: We used a two-step Delphi survey process to establish and update consensus with a broad, international sample of clinical and research experts regarding 26 drug formulations to obtain dosing recommendations (start, target range, and maximum) and estimates of clinically equivalent doses for the treatment of schizophrenia. Reference agents for equivalent dose estimates were oral olanzapine 20 mg/day for 15 oral and 7 long-acting injectable (LAI) agents and intramuscular haloperidol 5 mg for 4 short-acting injectable (SAI) agents. We also provide a contemporary list of equivalency estimates and dosing recommendations for a total of 44 oral, 16 LAI, and 14 SAI drugs for psychosis. Results: Survey participants ( N = 72) from 24 countries provided equivalency estimates and dosing recommendations for oral, LAI, and SAI formulations. Consensus improved from survey stages I to II. The final consensus was highest for LAI formulations, intermediate for oral agents, and lowest for SAI formulations of drugs for psychosis. Conclusions: As randomized, controlled, fixed, multiple-dose trials to optimize the dosing of drugs for psychosis remain rare, expert consensus remains a useful alternative for estimating clinical dosing equivalents. The present findings can support clinical practice, guideline development, and research design and interpretation involving drugs for psychosis.
Roxadustat treatment for erythropoiesis-stimulating agent-hyporesponsive anemia in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Song Jie , Chen Xiaojun , Zhou Linshan , Yu Weihong , Liu Hong , Yuan Fang 
Published: October 2023

Objective Hyporesponsiveness to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) is a prevalent problem affecting hemodialysis (HD) patients. Roxadustat is an oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor that stimulates erythropoiesis and regulates iron metabolism. We explored the ability of roxadustat to increase the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in ESA-hyporesponsive patients undergoing HD and assessed its effect on iron metabolism and inflammation. Methods This prospective study included 30 patients with ESA-hyporesponsive anemia who had been undergoing stable dialysis. All patients received roxadustat three times per week for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was the mean change in Hb from baseline to the average level over weeks 20 to 24. Iron metabolism markers, C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, and safety were also assessed. Results At week 24, roxadustat treatment resulted in a 2.5 ± 1.3 g/dL increase in the Hb level. In total, 28 of 30 patients (93.3%) had an Hb level increase of more than 1.0 g/dL from baseline. Seventeen patients (56.7%) met the endpoint, with a mean Hb level of at least 10.0 g/dL. Iron metabolism and IL-6 levels were also improved. Conclusions Oral roxadustat is effective for ESA-hyporesponsive anemia in maintenance HD patients and may also improve iron metabolism and IL-6 levels.
Electroacupuncture at GB20 improves cognitive ability and synaptic plasticity via the CaM–CaMKII–CREB signaling pathway following cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats
Authors: Han Qing , Wang Feng 
Published: October 2023

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on cognitive recovery and synaptic remodeling in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion and explore the possible mechanism. Method: Focal cerebral ischemia was modeled in healthy adult Sprague-Dawley rats by MCAO. The MCAO rats were classified into four groups: sham, MCAO, MCAO + GB20 (receiving EA at GB20) and MCAO + NA (receiving EA at a “non-acupoint” location not corresponding to any traditional acupuncture point location about 10 mm above the iliac crest). Neurological deficit scores and behavior were assessed before and during the treatment. After intervention for 7 days, the hippocampus was dissected to analyze growth-associated protein (GAP)-43, synaptophysin (SYN) and postsynaptic density protein (PSD)-95 expression levels by Western blotting. Bioinformatic analysis and primary hippocampal neurons with calcium-voltage gated channel subunit alpha 1B (CACNA1B) gene overexpression were used to screen the target genes for EA against MCAO. Results: Significant amelioration of neurological deficits and learning/memory were found in MCAO + GB20 rats compared with MCAO or MCAO + NA rats. Protein levels of GAP-43, SYN and PSD-95 were significantly improved in MCAO + GB20–treated rats together with an increase in the number of synapses in the hippocampal CA1 region. CACNA1B appeared to be a target gene of EA in MCAO. There were increased mRNA levels of CACNA1B, calmodulin (CaM), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMKII) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding (CREB) and increased phosphorylation of CaM, CaMKII and CREB in the hippocampal region in MCAO + GB20 versus MCAO and MCAO + NA groups. CACNA1B overexpression modulated expression of the CaM–CaMKII–CREB axis. Conclusion: EA treatment at GB20 may ameliorate the negative effects of MCAO on cognitive function in rats by enhancing synaptic plasticity. EA treatment at GB20 may exert this neuroprotective effect by regulating the CACNA1B–CaM–CaMKII–CREB axis.
‘Suspension Palatoplasty’ - A new Method of Primary Palate Repair for Speaking Un-Repaired Clefts
Authors: Damalachervu Mukunda Reddy , Yellinedi Rajesh , A Dharanipriya , Nuvvula Rambabu 
Published: October 2023

Objective To design a technique of palate repair with predictable Velo Pharyngeal (VP) closure and normal speech - ‘Suspension Palatoplasty’ in speaking unrepaired Cleft Palate (CP) patients. To evaluate the results of patients with CP operated using the technique of ‘Suspension palatoplasty’ from 2014 −2018 in terms of surgical complications and speech outcomes. Design An ambi-spective longitudinal clinical study. Setting Comprehensive cleft care clinic in a private trust hospital. Patients/ Participants Patients above 6 years of age with isolated CP, cleft lip and palate (CLP), operated using ‘Suspension Palatoplasty’ technique between 2014 and 2018 were included with minimum follow up period of 5 years. Subjective speech evaluation was done by two speech therapists and analysed. Intervention Author designed the technique of ‘Suspension Palatoplasty’ which aims to suspend the soft palate repaired by ‘Hybrid Palatoplasty’ technique, close to the nasopharynx using narrow pharyngeal flap with the pedicle based superiorly at adenoids, for an acceptable VP closure. Main Outcome Measures Speech outcome and surgical complications were assessed. Results Out of 94 cases operated with age ranging from 6 to 45 years, 59 (62.8%) had normal speech, 12 (12.8%) had articulation errors but with no Velo-Pharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) and 23 patients (24.4%) had hypernasality/ nasal emission (Suspected VPI). None of them had difficulty in breathing but one patient had snoring. Conclusion ‘Suspension Palatoplasty’ is a simple primary operation with excellent speech outcomes with no obstructive sequelae in patients with speaking unrepaired cleft palate.
Mindfulness and cognitive training interventions that address intersecting cognitive and aging needs of older adults
Authors: Eaton Andrew D , Rourke Sean B , Craig Shelley L , Fallon Barbara A , Emlet Charles A , Katz Ellen , Walmsley Sharon L 
Published: October 2023

Summary Mindfulness and cognitive training interventions are promising models to address impacts (e.g., anxiety and stress) of cognitive impairment among older adults. Combining strategies may yield better outcomes than models offered in isolation. However, there are numerous uncertainties about these interventions, potential for combination, and implementation. Social workers are well placed to offer these interventions. Findings From an initial search of 3,538 records, 13 studies were included in the final review. Mindfulness studies focused on stress reduction or cognitive behavioral therapy. Cognitive training studies applied stimulation or activity approaches. Results indicate that the field is still emerging, as most studies were pilot or feasibility trials. A combination of mindfulness-based stress reduction and brain training activities may offer the most promising model for older adults with cognitive impairment, based on outcome assessments and other factors. A common limitation among the reports was detailed on engaging older adults with cognitive challenges in the design and implementation of these interventions. Applications This realist review deepens the understanding of how, why, for whom, and in what circumstances a combination of mindfulness and cognitive training could be most successful for social workers to address intersecting cognitive and aging needs of older adults. Building evidence on combining mindfulness-based stress reduction and brain training activities among older adults with cognitive impairment could yield promising results, and this review identifies implementation considerations. The review also found a need for psychometric scale development on the benefits of brain training activities.