bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisa Sosio-Yuridis Perlindungan Hak Cipta Terhadap Penyebarluasan Konten Tanpa Izin Melalui Media Sosial
Authors: R Zaira Sandina , Siswoyo Amelia Anggrainy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInstagram’s presence as one of the popular social media apps in the society has contributed to various impact, either towards the social behavior of the people, as well as the effort on Copyright protection, especially in Indonesia. By adopting the participative networking platforms and User Generated Content (UGC), Instagram has benefited the people by creating economic benefits on one hand but also presents legal risks of copyright infringement on the other, mainly via the illegal distribution of Copyrighted contents by irresponsible party-(ies). This research is aimed to gain a general view on the regulatory framework of the prevailing Copyright Law against the digitalization of various Copyright forms under the Copyright Law via various social media apps, especially Instagram. The issue discussed in this research shall be analyzed with the normative juridical method and by reference to secondary legal data. The research results indicates that the misled public’s perception on the available contents in Instagram remains attributable to the repeating Copyright infringements. On the other hand, Instagram as the platform possess a limited liability to provide protection and have adequately provide mitigative actions. AbstrakKehadiran Instagram sebagai salah satu media sosial (social media) populer di masyarakat telah menimbulkan berbagai dampak, baik terhadap perilaku sosial masyarakat maupun terhadap upaya perlindungan Hak Cipta, khususnya di Indonesia. Instagram yang mengadopsi konsep participative networking platforms dan User Generated Content (UGC) pada satu sisi memberikan manfaat ekonomi bagi masyarakat namun juga menghadirkan risiko pelanggaran Hak Cipta di sisi lain, terutama melalui penyebarluasan konten Hak Cipta tanpa izin Pencipta melalui Instagram oleh berbagai pihak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum tentang aspek sosio-yuridis perlindungan Hak Cipta dalam kaitannya dengan digitalisasi bentuk Ciptaan yang terjadi melalui pengunggahan di berbagai aplikasi media sosial (social media), khususnya Instagram, yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini secara yuridis normatif dengan mengacu pada olahan data sekunder. Dalam penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahwa pelanggaran Hak Cipta tersebut sering terjadi dikarenakan adanya anggapan bahwa foto dan video yang ditemukan di Instagram merupakan “milik publik” yang dapat digunakan sebebasnya. Sebagai penyelenggara platform sosial media, Instagram memiliki tanggung jawab yang bersifat terbatas namun telah melaksanakan kewajibannya dalam rangka perlindungan dan penegakan Hak Cipta di Instagram.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Improving Spasticity, Gross Motor Functions, Balance and Gait in Spastic Cerebral Palsy: Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.
Authors: Hassan Zainab , Hussain Syed Ali , Rasanani Mohammad Reza Hadian , Talebian Saeed , Shadmehr Azadeh , Bagheri Hossein , Sarmad Samia 
Published: February 2024

Context: Cerebral palsy is known as a non-progressive neuromotor disorder that is characterized by abnormalities of muscular tonicity, gross and fine motor skills, balance, posture and gait. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a rather promising therapeutic tool for the management of the above-mentioned symptoms and to possibly to optimize the rehabilitation strategies.
Purpose: This review study evaluates the effectiveness of tDCS on spasticity, gross motor function, balance, and gait; it also tends to summarize the beneficial protocols of tDCS for spastic cerebral palsy patients.
Methods: Comprehensive searches were performed on three electronic databases including PubMed, PEDro, and Cochrane. The inclusion criteria for considered articles were (1) English-language publications available in full text between 2000 and 2023.(2), The PEDro scale, where a score of at least 5 out of 10 was acceptable, (3) Human studies using the tDCS intervention with control group , and (4) Study design (PICOS) method, where P = spastic CP; I = transcranial direct current stimulation; C = conventional physical Therapy; O = muscle strength, spasticity, , and gait kinematics; and S = RCT.
Results: Nine RCTs were included based on the inclusion criteria. This systematic review showed transcranial direct current stimulation is a non-invasive safe modality, and well-tolerated brain stimulation technique with positive effects on gross motor function, spasticity, balance, muscle strength, and gait. Besides, it can be used in conjunction with different modalities as well as conventional physical therapy.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that transcranial direct current stimulation is a novel, fairly simple, low cost and low risk therapeutic modality that can be easily administered in a clinic as well as at home to produce a significant change in spasticity, balance, gross motor function, and gait.
Allometric Models for Estimating Tree Biomass of Dryland Secondary Forest in East Halmahera
Authors: Mujahidah Mujahidah Sylviari Zaenal , Tatang Tatang Tiryana , Muhdin Muhdin Muhdin 
Published: February 2024

Biomass estimation of secondary forests is required to support the emission reduction of carbon dioxide through an enhancement of forest carbon stocks. Commonly, forest biomass is indirectly estimated using tree biomass allometric models that are developed based on a destructive sampling of sample trees. The availability of biomass allometric models for secondary forests in Indonesia is still limited, particularly for secondary forest ecosystems in eastern Indonesia. This study aimed to develop allometric biomass models for mixed-species trees in a secondary forest of East Halmahera, North Maluku, and to compare their accuracies with some other allometric biomass models that commonly used for estimating biomass of secondary forests. The tree biomass measurement was conducted by using a destructive sampling of 18 mixed-species trees (with diameter range of 5,4 – 36,9 cm) in a secondary forest. The samples of each tree component (stem, branch, twig, and leaf) were analyzed in a laboratory to determine the biomass of each sample tree. Allometric models were developed by using a non-linear regression analysis, which were then compared with other allometric models. This study revealed that the biomass of mixed-species trees in the study area could be estimated accurately using the M7 model that used diameter, height, and wood density variables. Such local allometric model was more accurate than other allometric models commonly used for estimating tropical forest biomass. Alternatively, the M3 model that used diameter and height variables could also be used when wood density data was not available. The local allometric models from this study can enrich the availability of biomass allometric models for secondary forest ecosystems in eastern Indonesia.
Analysis of Vulnerability Levels to the Flash Flood Based on Social Economic and Institutional Factors in Wasior, Teluk Wondama, West Papua
Authors: Baharinawati Baharinawati Wilhan Hastanti , Freddy Freddy Jontara Hutapea 
Published: February 2024

One form of disaster mitigation is to know the vulnerability of areas that are at risk of disaster socially and economically. Studies on vulnerability to flash floods are necessary, as it might prevent material losses and fatalities. Wasior District at Teluk Wondama Regency experienced a flash flood in 2010 causing negative impacts such as fatalities and large material losses. To anticipate flash floods that might occur in the future, studies to evaluate the vulnerability to the flash flood are needed. This study aimed to: 1) analyze the level of vulnerability to flash floods in Wasior based on socioeconomic factors post the 2010 flash floods, 2) analyze the level of vulnerability to flash floods in Wasior based on institutional factors. The method used in this study was a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Data collection was conducted by observation, interview, and documentation. Data were analyzed by: 1) identifying the socioeconomic indicators of the community and institutions around the watershed, 2) providing weighting scores to the social economic criteria and institutional criteria from the most vulnerable to the least vulnerable, 3) assessing the level of community and institution vulnerabilities in the study site to the impact of flash floods based on the calculation of the weighting scores of socio-economic and institutional indicators. The results showed that the level of socioeconomic vulnerability to flash floods were categorized as moderate (total score 2.084), while the level of institutional vulnerability was low (total score 2.251). The results of this study can be used as a basis for considerations in the implementation of flash flood mitigation in Wasior.
The Effect of Tree Shade and Pruning Techniques on Screw Tree (Helicteres isora Linn.) Fruit Productivity in the Natural Habitat
Authors: Dani Dani Pamungkas , Siswadi Siswadi Siswadi 
Published: February 2024

Screw tree (Helicteres isora Linn.) is a shrub species with 5 to 15 main stems where the natural distribution can be found in South Timor Tengah (TTS) regency of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) province and it is potential as a medicinal plant. The fruits are the main material harnessed for traditional medicine or jamu. Recently, little is known on fruit productivity of screw tree under shaded and open area. At the field showed that there were differences on fruit and flower production under two shade condition and the main stems. The research aimed for gaining information on the effect of pruning on screw tree fruit productivity in the natural habitat under two shade conditions on fruit productivity. Split plot design was employed with two factors which were two shade conditions (shaded under trees and open) as a main plot and the pruning techniques as a sub plot. Pruning techniques had affected significantly on the number of shoots and fruits, and there was an interaction between treatments to the number of fruits. Shade conditions had an important role on fruit production. Plants grew under open space had better fruit characteristics on fruit length (46,94 cm), fruit diameter (6,41 mm), post-harvest fruit weight (0,94 g), oven-dried fruit weight (0,89 g) and lower water content (5,57 %), compared to under shaded space 44,16 mm; 5,73 mm; 0,87 g; 0,81 g and 6,95 %, respectively for fruit length, fruit diameter, post-harvest fruit weight, oven-dried fruit weight and fruit water content.
Behavioral aspects of Angelman syndrome: A case control study
Authors: Berry Raymond J. , Leitner Robert P. , Clarke Adam R. , Einfeld Stuart L. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractAngelman syndrome (AS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by impairments in intellectual, neurological and motor functioning and a postulated behavioral profile. This study compared behavioral characteristics of 62 individuals with genetically confirmed AS and 29 individuals with presumed AS from clinical features, with a control group of young persons with intellectual disability (ID) derived from an Australian epidemiological register. Twelve behavioral items from the developmental behavior checklist (DBC) were used for this comparison. The groups were matched for chronological age, gender, and level of ID. In the AS group, significant differences were found for 10 behaviors, with poor attention span and impulsivity being less common, and overactivity/restlessness, chewing or mouthing objects, eating non‐food items, gorging food, food fads, fascination for water, hand flapping and sleep disturbance being more common. Interestingly, there was no difference in prevalence of unprovoked laughter. Comparison of the results of the genetically confirmed with the genetically unconfirmed AS cases showed no significant differences between individual behavior prevalence. These findings show that a “behavioral phenotype” of AS can be distinguished from others of similar level of ID, but it is different from that hitherto published. Abnormal food related behaviors, hyperactivity, fascination for water, hand flapping, and sleep disturbance should be included in a “behavioral phenotype” for AS. Apart from hyperactivity, “ADHD‐type” behaviors are not more characteristic of AS than in ID generally. Therefore, the Consensus Criteria for the diagnosis of AS need to be reviewed. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rett syndrome in females with CTS hot spot deletions: A disorder profile
Authors: Smeets E. , Terhal P. , Casaer P. , Peters A. , Midro A. , Schollen E. , van Roozendaal K. , Moog U. , Matthijs G. , Herbergs J. , Smeets H. , Curfs L. , Schrander‐Stumpel C. , Fryns J.P. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFrom a series of 107 females with Rett syndrome (RTT), we describe the long‐term history of ten females with a deletion in the C‐terminus of the MECP2 gene. We observed that their disorder profile is clinically recognizable with time and different from other atypical and milder RTT phenotypes. In females with hot spot deletions in the C‐terminus, dystonia is present from childhood and results in a serious spine deformation in spite of preventive measures. Their adaptive behavior is surprisingly better preserved and in contrast with the typical decline in motor functioning. The delineaton of disorder profiles by long‐term clinical observation can teach us about genotype/phenotype relationships and eventually about the effect of epigenetic phenomena on the final phenotype. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MECP2 mutation analysis in patients with mental retardation
Authors: Ylisaukko‐oja Tero , Rehnström Karola , Vanhala Raija , Kempas Elli , von Koskull Harriet , Tengström Carola , Mustonen Aki , Õunap Katrin , Lähdetie Jaana , Järvelä Irma 
Published: December 2004

AbstractMutations in the methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene are known to underlie Rett' syndrome, the most common cause of mental retardation (MR) in girls. Since the original report, phenotypes resulting from MECP2 mutations have been shown to extend, for example, to several Rett variants, autism, atypical Angelman syndrome, and nonspecific MR. It was earlier proposed that MECP2 mutations might account for ∼2% of the male cases with nonspecific MR. Thereby, the frequency of MECP2 mutations in the mentally retarded population would be comparable to that of Fragile‐X syndrome. The aim of this study was to analyze well‐characterized cases with MR and to clarify the role of the MECP2 gene in the etiology of MR and atypical Angelman syndrome. The coding sequence of the MECP2 gene was analyzed in a sample of 118 patients (103 males, 15 females) by direct sequencing. Two coding sequence variants, 602C > T (A201V) and 1189G > A (E397K), were identified. In addition, we identified four variants in the intronic or 3′UTR regions. None of these variants is likely to be causal. We conclude that the evidence across all the mutation screening studies implies that MECP2 mutations do not represent a major cause of nonspecific MR. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimizing anti‐terrorism resource allocation
Authors: Haynes Steven R. , Kannampallil Thomas George , Larson Lawrence L. , Garg Nitesh 
Published: December 2004

AbstractSince spring of 2002 we have been working on a methodology, decision model, and cognitive support system to aid with effective allocation of anti‐terrorism (AT) resources at Marine Corps installations. The work has so far been focused on the military domain, but the model and the software tools developed to implement it are generalizable to a range of commercial and public‐sector settings including industrial parks, corporate campuses, and civic facilities. The approach suggests that anti‐terrorism decision makers determine mitigation project allocations using measures of facility priority and mitigation project utility as inputs to the allocation algorithm. The three‐part hybrid resource allocation model presented here uses multi‐criteria decision‐making techniques to assess facility (e.g., building, hangar) priorities, a utility function to calculate anti‐terrorism project mitigation values (e.g., protective glazing, wall coatings, and stand‐off barriers) and optimization techniques to determine resource allocations across multiple, competing AT mitigation projects. The model has been realized in a cognitive support system developed as a set of loosely coupled Web services. The approach, model, and cognitive support system have been evaluated using the cognitive walkthrough method with prospective system users in the field. In this paper we describe the domain, the problem space, the decision model, the cognitive support system and summary results of early model and system evaluations.
Fugenausbildung und ‐abdichtung bei wasserundurchlässigen Bauwerken aus Beton: Neue Regelwerke setzen Maßstäbe
Authors: Hohmann Rainer 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFugen stellen bei wasserundurchlässigen Bauwerken aus Beton häufig eine Schwachstelle dar. Sie erfordern die besondere Beachtung des Planers und der Ausführenden. Eine fachgerechte Handhabung sowohl durch den Planer als auch durch den Ausführenden ist eine entscheidende Voraussetzung für eine funktionierende Abdichtung. Neue Regelwerke, wie die DAfStb‐Richtlinie “Wasserundurchlässige Bauwerke aus Beton“ und die DIN V 18197 “Abdichten von Fugen in Beton mit Fugenbändern” geben Hinweise, wie Abdichtungssysteme richtig einzusetzen und zu dimensionieren sind. In dem Beitrag wird auf die neuen Regelwerke und die wesentlichen Regelungen für die Abdichtung eingegangen.
Stochastische Parameteridentifikation bei Konstruktionsbeton für die Betonerhaltung
Authors: Strauss Alfred , Bergmeister Konrad , Novák Drahomír , Lehký David 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIn der Bauwerkserhaltung gewinnt die permanente Überwachung mittels Monitoringsystemen immer mehr an Bedeutung. Es ist ein vorrangiges Ziel der Bauwerkserhaltung, diese Überwachungsergebnisse mit numerischen Methoden zu koppeln, um damit die Bestimmung der Zuverlässigkeit der Struktur zu ermöglichen. Eine Möglichkeit, die Monitoring Daten effizient für die Erhaltungsplanung zu nutzen, bieten die “Sensitivity Factor Evolution Methode” und die Neuronale Netzwerktechnik. Diese Verfahren werden gemeinsam mit einem kurzen Exkurs über die stochastische Modellbildung von Beton im folgenden Artikel vorgestellt.
Bauwerksüberwachung der Autobahnbrücke Gossensaß
Authors: Santa Ulrich , Bergmeister Konrad , Strauss Alfred 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIm Hinblick auf die angenommene Lebensdauer des vorhandenen Bauwerksinventars ergeben sich zukünftig enorme Unterhaltungs‐ und Sanierungskosten. In vielen Fällen wird es über die reine Sichtprüfung hinaus nur mit Mitteln einer geeigneten Bauwerksüberwachung möglich sein, der Zuverlässigkeitsanalyse und Maßnahmenplanung auch quantitative Entscheidungsmerkmale zugrunde zu legen. Gepaart mit den numerischen Möglichkeiten der mechanischen Modellbildung bilden die Daten einer kontinuierlichen Bauwerksüberwachung zudem die Basis für Simulationsprozesse und Zukunftsprognosen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird auf die Realisierung der Monitoringanlage an der Autobahnbrücke Gossensaß und die grundlegenden Erkenntnisse über den vorliegenden Beobachtungszeitraum eingegangen.
Kraftbestimmung in Schrägseilen durch dynamische Messung
Authors: Geier Roman , Petz Johannes 
Published: December 2004

AbstractDie Kraftbestimmung in Kabeln von Schrägseilbrücken und externen Spanngliedern ist zur Prüfung und Beurteilung dieser Bauteile erforderlich. Die Feststellung der Kräfte durch Abhebekontrollen mit hydraulischen Pressen ist mit erheblichem Aufwand sowie der Gefahr von Beschädigung verbunden. Auch Schwingungsmeßmethoden zur Bestimmung der wirksamen Kabelkräfte zeigen nicht immer zufriedenstellende Ergebnisse. Vor allem bei hohen Zugkräften und kurzen Kabeln sind fallweise Fehler von bis zu ± 10% feststellbar. Aus diesem Grund sind Verfahren erforderlich, die eine effiziente und sehr genaue Bestimmung der Kabelkraft ermöglichen. In diesem Beitrag wird eine praktisch einsetzbare Methode für eine genaue Kraftbestimmung auf Basis von Schwingungsmessungen am Beispiel der Schrägseilbrücke über den Wiener Donaukanal präsentiert.
Verdrängungskörper in vorgespannten Brücken: Untersuchung und Instandsetzung
Authors: Sodeikat Christian , Bunge Eckhard , Schoßmann Alexander 
Published: December 2004

AbstractUntersuchung und Instandsetzung Unserem Kollegen Herrn cand.‐ing. Martin Seebauer gewidmet, der Anfang November dieses Jahres bei einer Brückenuntersuchung durch einen tragischen Unfall unverschuldet ums Leben kam. In den 1960er und 1970er Jahren wurden in vorgespannten Brückenüberbauten häufig sogenannte Verdrängungskörper eingebaut. Untersuchungen an diesen Brücken zeigten, daß diese Verdrängungskörper oft Ausgangspunkt von Schäden im Brückenüberbau sind. Mitunter sind bereits während der Bauphase Baumängel, z. B. durch zu steife Betone, welche die Verdrängungskörper nicht hohlstellenfrei einbinden konnten, entstanden. Nicht funktionsfähige Brückenabdichtungen und Risse im Überbau können dazu führen, daß Verdrängungskörper praktisch vollständig mit Wasser vollaufen. Vielfach haben auch zunehmende Undichtigkeiten in Entwässerungseinrichtungen (z.B. Tropftüllen), welche durch bzw. nahe an Verdrängungskörpern vorbei geführt wurden, zu Schäden im Brückenüberbau geführt. Der Beitrag berichtet anhand von zwei Beispielen über Untersuchung und Instandsetzung solcher Schäden.
Synthesis and Photochemistry of β,β′‐Di(2‐furyl)‐Substituted o‐Divinylbenzenes: Intra‐ and/or Intermolecular Cycloaddition as an Effect of Annelation
Authors: Škorić Irena , Basarić Nikola , Marinić Željko , Višnjevac Aleksandar , Kojić‐Prodić Biserka , Šindler‐Kulyk Marija 
Published: December 2004

AbstractNew heteroaryl‐substituted o‐divinylbenzenes, 2,2′‐(1,2‐phenylenedivinylene)difuran (9), 2,2′‐(1,2‐phenylenedivinylene)bisbenzo[b]furan (10), and 2,2′‐(1,2‐phenylenedivinylene)bisnaphtho[2,1‐b]furan (11), were prepared and irradiated at various concentrations; intramolecular photocycloaddition and intermolecular [2+2] twofold photoaddition reactions took place to give bicyclo[3.2.1]octadiene derivatives 12–14 and cyclophane derivatives 15–17, respectively. Compound 11 was the most selective of these o‐divinylbenzenes, which, owing to π–π intra‐ or intermolecular complexation, gave only the exo‐bicyclo[3.2.1]octadiene derivative 14 at low concentrations, and only the cyclophane derivative 17 at high concentrations.
Wissenschaft und Zivilcourage: Heinrich Wieland – Ein aufrechter Dissident
Authors: Hamm‐Brücher Hildegard 
Published: December 2004

AbstractDieser Beitrag enthält meine persönlichen Erinnerungen an meinen verehrten Doktorvater und Beschützer, an mein Ideal eines naturwissenschaftlichen Lehrers und Forschers. Er kann und soll keine wissenschaftliche Würdigung eines der bedeutendsten und vielseitigsten Chemiker dieses Jahrhunderts sein, wohl aber eine “Hommage” – eine Würdigung des Menschen Heinrich Wieland, einen der ganz wenigen deutschen Naturwissenschaftler, die den Versuchungen und Pressionen der Nazidiktatur widerstanden haben.
‘The good, the bad and defenceless Jimmy’—a single case study of Schema Mode Therapy
Authors: Bamber Martin 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThis paper presents a single case study, which outlines the innovative application of a new approach to working with a complex clinical case, for whom all other forms of therapy, including drug therapy, psychoanalytic therapy, hypnotism and traditional CBT interventions, had been found to be ineffective. It describes the use of Jeffrey Young's Schema Mode Therapy in the treatment of a 47 year old man with a 30 year history of chronic agoraphobia. The results obtained in terms of the clinical outcome of this single case study are very encouraging and indicate that Schema Mode Therapy may indeed be an effective form of therapy for certain types of complex case, for which more traditional approaches have been unsuccessful. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.