bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does systematic lymphadenectomy have a benefit on survival of suboptimally debulked patients with stage III ovarian carcinoma? A DEGOG* Study
Authors: Saygili Ugur , Guclu Serkan , Uslu Turhan , Erten Oktay , Ture Sevgi , Demir Namik 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate whether systematic lymphadenectomy is necessary in suboptimally cytoreduced patients with stage III ovarian carcinoma.MethodsPrognostic significance and the effect on survival of systematic pelvic and para‐aortic lymphadenectomy were investigated retrospectively in 61 suboptimally debulked patients with stage III ovarian carcinoma. All patients received platinum‐based chemotherapy after surgery; 51 patients had been followed for ≥1 year, or until death. Survival curves were calculated according to the Kaplan‐Meier method and were evaluated by log‐rank test.ResultsMost patients had stage IIIC disease (60.7%), poorly differentiated tumor (45.9%), and serous histological type (59%). Systematic pelvic and para‐aortic lymphadenectomy was performed in 29 patients (47.5%). Lymph node metastases were found in 17 (58.6%) patients; the median number of metastatic nodes was 7 (5–10). Lymph node metastasis was significantly higher in patients with residual disease of >2 cm (P < 0.05). Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that systematic pelvic and para‐aortic lymphadenectomy was not a significant prognostic factor (P > 0.05). In lymph node‐dissected patients, survival was significantly longer in patients with minimal residual tumor than in those with residual tumor size >2 cm (P = 0.005).ConclusionsLymphadenectomy seems not to have an evident prognostic value and a benefit on survival in suboptimally debulked patients with stage III ovarian carcinoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;81:132–137. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adenocarcinoma of the stomach in patients age 35 years and younger: No impact of early diagnosis on survival outcome
Authors: Windham T. Christopher , Termuhlen Paula M. , Ajani Jaffer A. , Mansfield Paul F. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPatients aged 35 years and younger with gastric adenocarcinoma constitute a group of patients who have been observed to have low survival rates as compared with older gastric adenocarcinoma patients. A low index of suspicion for gastric cancer in this age group has been suspected to result in a delay in diagnosis. The use of computed tomography (CT) scanning and endoscopy has become much more common during the past 15 years. We hypothesized that early diagnosis would result in improved survival for these patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of 127 patients aged 35 years and younger with gastric (median follow‐up, 9 months).ResultsHigh proportions of female patients and Hispanic patients were observed. Overall survival of this group of patients was poor, with a median survival of only 8 months. Comparison of patients diagnosed within 2 months of the onset of symptoms with those diagnosed later revealed no survival advantage to early diagnosis. Similarly, diagnosis within 2 months of presentation to a physician conferred no survival advantage.ConclusionsLong‐term survival is rare, with a short overall median survival. Early diagnosis conferred no survival advantage. This group of patients should be considered for protocol based multi‐modality therapy, even with potentially resectable disease. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;81:118–125. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phase II study of gemcitabine combined with radiation therapy in patients with localized, unresectable pancreatic cancer
Authors: Epelbaum Ron , Rosenblatt Edward , Nasrallah Suheil , Faraggi David , Gaitini Dianna , Mizrahi Solly , Kuten Abraham 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGemcitabine is an active agent in pancreatic cancer, with known radiosensitizing properties. Therefore, a phase II study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of gemcitabine combined with radiation therapy in patients with localized unresectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.MethodsWeekly gemcitabine at a dose of 1,000 mg/m2 for 7 weeks was given as an induction phase. Patients who showed both clinical benefit response (CBR) and reduced or stable tumor size on computed tomography (CT) scan entered the chemoradiotherapy phase of the treatment. This consisted of gemcitabine 400 mg/m2 weekly ×3 every 28 days for 2 cycles, given concurrently with radiotherapy, for a total dose of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions. After completion of radiotherapy, gemcitabine was continued as maintenance.ResultsTwenty patients entered this study. Ten patients (50%) achieved CBR to gemcitabine in the induction phase; these patients had no objective tumor progression and were therefore enrolled in the chemoradiotherapy phase. Four patients (20%) had a partial response, and three patients (15%) underwent pancreatectomy. Two patients had negative surgical margins, and in one patient histologic examination of the residual mass showed only fibrosis. The median survival for the entire group was 8 months, and the median survival has not yet been reached for the chemoradiotherapy group.ConclusionsTreatment with gemcitabine concomitant with radiation therapy according to the present schedule is well tolerated and can provide prolonged CBR and disease stabilization in patients with localized, unresectable pancreatic cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;81:138–143. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
5‐ and 10‐year survival in cancer patients aged 90 and older: A study of 37,318 patients from SEER
Authors: Saltzstein Sidney L , Behling Cynthia A. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesUncertainty exists about the value of cancer therapy in patients aged 90 years and older. Because of the relative paucity of these patients, as well as the possibility of selection bias in any one institution, the use of a large, total population‐based cancer registry was employed.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) offers a large, total population‐based cancer registry. It includes more than 2,000,000 cases in the nine registry data from 1973 to 1998; 37,318 of these are 90 or older and are eligible for follow‐up studies. A cross‐sectional study of relative survival of all these cases, along with younger age groups for comparison, was carried out.ResultsAfter the first year after diagnosis, the annual relative survival is not affected by a patient's age for up to 10 years.ConclusionsAge alone is not a contraindication to cancer treatment in the most elderly and, other than in the first year, one can expect the same relative survival in these oldest patients as one does for younger patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;81:113–116. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aggressive resection of retroperitoneal sarcoma is superior to simple excision: An animal study using a novel model for retroperitoneal sarcoma
Authors: Tsivian Alexander , Lev‐Chelouche Dina , Shtabsky Alexander , Issakov Josephine , Sidi Ami A. , Gutman Mordechai , Szold Amir 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesRetroperitoneal sarcomas constitute a difficult management problem. The need for, and extent of, aggressive surgery continues to be debated. The aim of our study was to compare the impact of radical en bloc resection of retroperitoneal sarcoma with complete resection of the tumor alone in a rat model.MethodsUnder laparoscopic guidance, a fibrosarcoma cell line suspension was injected into the left paranephric space of a rat, resulting in the development of a macroscopic retroperitoneal tumor. Ten days after inoculation, 50 rats were randomized into three groups: (1) local resection, (2) radical resection, and (3) follow‐up only. Groups 1 and 2 were further randomized for sacrifice 1 month after surgery or were followed up for 2 months.ResultsLocal recurrence: 46% of group 1, while none in group 2 developed local recurrence during the same follow‐up period (P = 0.02). Survival: 33% of group 1 were alive after 2 months, as compared with 54.5% of group 2. (P = 0.04). All rats in the control group died within <25 days.ConclusionsOur results suggest that aggressive en bloc resection of retroperitoneal sarcomas with adjacent viscera, even when macroscopically uninvolved with disease, has an advantage over complete local resection alone. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;81:144–147. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative analysis of heparanase messenger RNA expression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ikeguchi Masahide , Ueta Tsuyoshi , Yamane Yoshiaki , Hirooka Yasuaki , Kaibara Nobuaki 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn the process of tumor invasion, cancer cells secrete enzymes including heparanase that degrade extracellular matrices and basement membranes of blood vessels. In the present study, the clinical importance of enhanced expression of heparanase messenger RNA (mRNA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was evaluated.MethodsFresh tumor and noncancerous liver tissue adjacent to a tumor were obtained from 50 patients with HCC immediately after hepatic resection. The expression levels of heparanase mRNA were analyzed quantitatively, using the real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method, and were compared with clinicopathological findings.ResultsRelative heparanase mRNA expression level in HCC was significantly lower than that of noncancerous liver tissue (P < 0.001). Tumor heparanase expression did not correlate with tumor differentiation, tumor stage, or patient prognosis.ConclusionsEnhanced heparanase mRNA expression may not be a good biological marker in HCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;81:148–154. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lymphatic spread among women with primary peritoneal carcinoma
Authors: Eltabbakh Gamal H. , Mount Sharon L. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesOur knowledge regarding the pathologic lymphatic spread pattern of primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC) is limited. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and the pathologic patterns of pelvic and para‐aortic lymph node metastases among women with PPC and those with papillary serous ovarian carcinoma (PSOC).MethodsWe conducted a prospective study over the last 4 years among women with FIGO stage III and IV PPC and PSOC who had optimal primary cytoreductive surgery (<1 cm residual). The same surgeon performed pelvic and para‐aortic lymphadenectomy on all the patients using a similar technique. The same pathologist reviewed all lymph nodes and recorded nodal involvement with cancer, diameter of the largest nodal tumor, capsular integrity, and pattern of immune response (lymphocyte predominant, germinal cell predominant, unstimulated, or lymphocyte depletion). Both groups were compared in their characteristics, FIGO stage, tumor grade, number of lymph nodes, proportion of lymph nodes with metastases, and the pathologic characteristics of the positive lymph nodes.ResultsEleven women had PPC and 27 had PSOC. Patients with PPC were older than those with PSOC (mean age: 63.2 years ± 11.0 vs. 57.4 ± 13.4, P = 0.181). There was no difference in FIGO stage or tumor grade between both groups. There was no difference among the mean numbers of pelvic and para‐aortic lymph nodes between women with PPC and those with PSOC (10.8 ± 7.3 vs. 11.0 ± 6.7 and 3.0 ± 3.3 vs. 3.4 ± 2.1, P = 0.768 and 0.706, respectively). The incidences of pelvic, para‐aortic, and pelvic and/or para‐aortic lymph node metastases were similar among women with PPC and those with PSOC (72.7% vs. 66.6%, P = 0.701, 72.7% vs. 48.1%, P = 0.172, and 72.7% vs. 77.8%, P = 0.736, respectively). Similarly, pelvic and para‐aortic nodal tumor size, capsular integrity, and immune response were similar in both groups. The incidence of significant complications related to lymphadenectomy was low among women with PPC and those with PSOC (9.1% vs. 7.4%, respectively).ConclusionsPPC and PSOC exhibit similar pathologic lymphatic spread patterns. Pelvic and para‐aortic lymphadenectomy should be considered among women with PPC in whom the tumor could be optimally cytoreduced. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;81:126–131. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hospitality research: a pause for reflection
Authors: Morrison Alison 
Published: October 2002

AbstractOver recent decades hospitality research has made considerable advancements and contributions to knowledge creation. However, a review of associated literature reveals that there exists a significant degree of debate concerning the definitional, philosophical and conceptual dimensions of hospitality. This paper aims to capture current thinking and key challenges confronting the research community. Conclusions are drawn calling for: definitional precision of hospitality; a clearly articulated research philosophy locating hospitality as a specialist field of study within the social science landscape; an enhanced degree of research philosophy awareness by researchers; and the benefits of formulating and agreeing an internally valid conceptual framework. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Power, social exchanges and tourism in Langkawi: rethinking resident perceptions
Authors: Kayat K. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA study was undertaken among the residents on Langkawi Island, Malaysia to explore the utility of a combination of social exchange and power theories to explain residents' attitudes toward tourism and to examine how residents' evaluation of the impact of tourism influences their attitudes. In‐depth, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 46 residents. The study concludes that the combination of social exchange and power theories is more useful than social exchange theory alone in understanding residents' attitudes concerning the impact of tourism. However, residents' general values, dependence on tourism, and ability and willingness to adapt moderate the influence of power on residents' evaluation of the impact of tourism. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling inbound international tourism demand to Portugal
Authors: Daniel Ana Cristina M. , Ramos Francisco F. R. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIn this paper the Johansen cointegration analysis of time series is used to model the Portuguese inbound international tourism demand from five countries of origin—France, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain and UK. This approach examines the long‐run relationships between the demand for holiday visits and the variables that affect holiday travel such as income, destination prices and travel costs (airfares and road costs). Demand functions, for each country of origin, are estimated using annual data on tourism flows from 1975 to 1997. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rural tourism and the development of less favoured areas—between rhetoric and practice
Authors: Ribeiro Manuela , Marques Carlos 
Published: October 2002

AbstractTourism has, in recent times, been advocated as a particularly efficient way to promote the development of the so‐called less favoured regions, mostly inland and mountain, owing to its potential for employment and income creation and the synergies it is able to generate in other sectors of activity. Based on the results of empirical research carried out in two distinct inland zones of Portugal, this article tries to demonstrate that a wide gap and considerable contradictions are emerging between the rhetoric and the real benefits that tourism has been producing in the local societies and economies of these regions. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The challenges of economic diversification through tourism: the case of Abu Dhabi
Authors: Sharpley Richard 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIn recent years, tourism has become a ubiquitous vehicle for economic development and diversification and, for many regions and countries both in the developed and less developed worlds, tourism has become an integral element of economic development policy. Even those countries that, in the past, have had neither the desire nor the need to seek alternative economic sectors increasingly have been turning to tourism as a potentially effective means of achieving economic growth and diversification. As this paper argues, however, the justification for using tourism as an agent of economic development must be treated with some caution. Focusing upon the case of Abu Dhabi, the oil‐rich emirate that in recent years, and in common with other countries in the region, has been seeking economic diversification through tourism to counter instability in global oil prices, a number of challenges to tourism development are identified. These may be overcome collectively through significant investment in product and promotion but, as the example of Abu Dhabi demonstrates, tourism may not always be an easy or cost‐effective means of achieving economic growth and diversification. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Booking and flying with low‐cost airlines
Authors: Piga Claudio A. , Filippi Nicola 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe first part of the paper develops a theoretical framework for the analysis of strategic behaviour of European low‐cost airlines that emphasises the role of product differentiation. The second part uses original survey data to assess the effectiveness of low‐cost airlines' distribution strategies. Finally, an econometric model is developed to assess the joint impact of the factors affecting the level of the fares charged by low‐cost airlines. The evidence suggests that, among other things, the highest prices normally are paid for tickets bought between 30 and 8 days before departure, and thus indicates an original pricing strategy that differentiates low‐cost airlines from traditional carriers. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structures and properties of the hydrides of light elements
Authors: Smith Garry T. , Smith Vedene H. , Frolov Alexei M. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractBasic geometric and other properties for a number of neutral holovalent hydrides of light elements (M = Li − F)(MHn) are discussed. Their molecular geometries, energies, and vibrational frequencies have been determined from ab initio calculations of benchmark quality. We calculated harmonic vibrational frequencies, zero point vibrational energies, and atomization energies for the deuterides, tritiides, and combinations of them for these light elements. These isotopomers are of great interest for thermonuclear applications because they are often used as thermonuclear fuels or components of such fuels. In fact, only for these substances thermonuclear energy gain exceeds (at some densities and temperatures) the bremsstrahlung loss and other high‐temperature losses, i.e., thermonuclear burn‐up is possible. The vibrational frequencies are useful in determining the composition of mixed samples by means of spectroscopy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2002
Protein‐folding simulations in generalized ensembles
Authors: Hansmann Ulrich H. E. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractWe demonstrate that modern simulation techniques such as the generalized‐ensemble approach allow one to study secondary structure formation and folding in peptides and small proteins. Two systems are investigated. For the simple artificial peptide, Ala10‐Gly5‐Ala10, we research the relation between helix formation and folding. The 36‐residue villin headpiece peptide HP‐36 is used to study the structure prediction of proteins with our techniques. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2002
Site preference occupation of Ti, Ni, and Cr in Fe3Al compound
Authors: Fuks David , Dorfman Simon , Liubich Vlad , Kutsenko Larisa 
Published: November 2002

AbstractNonempirical study of the site preference occupation for Ni, Ti, and Cr substituting for Fe in Fe0.75‐xMexAl0.25 has been carried out for a number of Me dopant concentrations in the framework of the coherent potential approximation. Obtained values of total energies confirmed experimental observations that Ni atoms occupy the sublattice Fe(1) (see Fig. 1), Ti atoms occupy the sublattice Fe(2), and Cr atoms do not show any preference in substitution of Fe in Fe0.75‐xMexAl0.25. We demonstrated also that Ni addition to Fe0.75‐xMexAl0.25 does not change the type of bonding in Fe0.75‐xNixAl0.25, while Cr and Ti additions lead to sufficient hybridization of d‐electrons. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2002
Environment effects on chemical reactivity of heme proteins
Authors: Scherlis Damián A. , Martí Marcelo A. , Ordejón Pablo , Estrin Darío A. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractHeme proteins are involved in a variety of physiological processes, such as O2 transport, electron transfer, sensing of O2 or CO, and catalysis of redox reactions. Despite the differences in biologic function, all these proteins have iron protoporphyrin IX (heme b) as the active site. The amino acids surrounding the active site are responsible for the specific reactivity of each protein. We analyzed the environment effects on binding of small ligands such as O2 and NO to several heme proteins using density functional theory (DFT) calculations of model systems including selected amino acid residues, and also DFT calculations of the active site coupled to an electrostatic representation of the rest of the protein. Specifically, we considered the following problems: (1) the mechanisms underlying inactivation by nitric oxide of cytochrome P450; (2) O2 affinity of human and Ascaris hemoglobin and the role of oxygen hydrogen bonding to the distal amino acids; (3) the influence of the amino acid residues surrounding the proximal histidine in the Fehistidine bond cleavage upon binding of NO in FixL, horseradish peroxidase, and human hemoglobin. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2002
Virtues and potentialities of the Fourier transform method for electronic structure calculations of 1‐D periodic systems at the Hartree–Fock level and beyond
Authors: Delhalle Joseph , Fripiat Joseph G. , Harris Frank E. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractA major challenge in electronic structure calculations of extended systems is to compute to appropriate accuracy the lattice sums arising in the various ab initio formalisms. Unsatisfactory convergence of all or some of these contributions can lead to such imbalance in the matrix elements that total energy, hence the most stable structure, and other more sensitive properties such as force constants cannot be computed. The purpose of this article is to point out the intrinsic virtues of the Fourier transform method for handling accurately the lattice sums arising in Hartree–Fock and many‐body approaches such as MP2. The infinite chain of Be atoms, (‐Be‐)∞, is used to illustrate some of the points addressed in the present contribution. Even in this simple system it is seen that direct‐space methods do not permit the exchange energy sum to be converged sufficiently to permit computations near the equilibrium lattice spacing. However, the Fourier transform method enables identification of the equilibrium configuration in a stable and accurate fashion. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2002
Analysis of measurements of stopping powers of formvar, polyimide, polysulfone, and vyns for 3.6 to 10.5 MeV 7Li ions
Authors: Porter L. E. , Räisänen J. , Munnik F. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe stopping powers of formvar, polysulfone, polyimide, and vyns for 7Li projectiles have been measured with the transmission technique and thin foil targets. The experimental data have been analyzed in terms of modified Bethe–Bloch theory to extract characteristic values of the mean excitation energy and Barkas effect parameter, as well as to study the effects of including a single effective charge parameter. Results of this investigation are in general supportive of the outcomes of earlier similar studies with protons and α‐particles traversing the same target materials in the sense that previously reported trends in projectile‐dependent behavior of values of mean excitation energy and Barkas effect parameter are followed in most cases. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2002