bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visible negative pressure wound therapy for open abdominal management: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Takamatsu Jumpei , Yasue Yuichi , Fukuhara Aya , Kang Jinkoo , Nakata Masatoshi , Nakajima Hajime , Oda Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to compare open abdominal management (OAM) between visible negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) and commercial NPWT to determine whether NPWT can detect intestinal ischemia in its early stages without causing complications or worsening prognosis, and to determine whether the actual visualization results in early detection.MethodsPatients were divided into two groups: those who underwent OAM with visible NPWT (A: 32 patients) and those who underwent OAM with commercial NPWT (B: 12 patients). We compared background factors, disease severity, vital signs, blood test values, and 28‐day outcomes between the two groups. We also checked the records to determine how many visualized cases were detected early and operated on. We then examined the weaknesses of this method.ResultsNo differences were observed in the background factors or disease severity between the two groups. The duration of the open abdomen and intensive care unit stay were significantly shorter for group A than for group B. The groups showed no significant differences in lactate levels, 28‐day outcomes, complications during OAM, or other factors. After a review of the medical records, ischemic progression was detected early, and surgery could be performed in seven cases in the visible NPWT group. The progression of ischemia was confirmed at the time of the second‐look operation in two cases in the ascending colon.ConclusionThe visualization device allowed us to gain insights into the intra‐abdominal cavity and determine the appropriate time for closing the abdomen without worsening the prognosis.
Unraveling Dynamic Helicity Inversion and Chirality Transfer through the Synthesis of Discrete Azobenzene Oligomers by an Iterative Exponential Growth Strategy
Authors: Wang Xiao , Yu Zhihong , Huang Zhihao , Zhou Nianchen , Cheng Xiaoxiao , Zhang Zhengbiao , Zhang Wei , Zhu Xiulin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnraveling the chirality transfer mechanism of polymer assemblies and controlling their handedness is beneficial for exploring the origin of hierarchical chirality and developing smart materials with desired chiroptical activities. However, polydisperse polymers often lead to an ambiguous or statistical evaluation of the structure–property relationship, and it remains unclear how the iterative number of repeating units function in the helicity inversion of polymer assemblies. Herein, we report the macroscopic helicity and dynamic manipulation of the chiroptical activity of supramolecular assemblies from discrete azobenzene‐containing oligomers (azooligomers), together with the helicity inversion and morphological transition achieved solely by changing the iterative chain lengths. The corresponding assemblies also differ from their polydisperse counterparts in terms of thermodynamic properties, chiroptical activities, and morphological control.
Implanting Transition Metal into Li2O‐Based Cathode Prelithiation Agent for High‐Energy‐Density and Long‐Life Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Yilong , Zhu Yuanlong , Zuo Wenhua , Kuai Xiaoxiao , Yao Junyi , Zhang Baodan , Sun Zhefei , Yin Jianhua , Wu Xiaohong , Zhang Haitang , Yan Yawen , Huang Huan , Zheng Lirong , Xu Juping , Yin Wen , Qiu Yongfu , Zhang Qiaobao , Hwang Inhui , Sun Cheng‐Jun , Amine Khalil , Xu Gui‐Liang , Qiao Yu , Sun Shi‐Gang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCompensating the irreversible loss of limited active lithium (Li) is essentially important for improving the energy‐density and cycle‐life of practical Li‐ion battery full‐cell, especially after employing high‐capacity but low initial coulombic efficiency anode candidates. Introducing prelithiation agent can provide additional Li source for such compensation. Herein, we precisely implant trace Co (extracted from transition metal oxide) into the Li site of Li2O, obtaining (Li0.66Co0.11□0.23)2O (CLO) cathode prelithiation agent. The synergistic formation of Li vacancies and Co‐derived catalysis efficiently enhance the inherent conductivity and weaken the Li−O interaction of Li2O, which facilitates its anionic oxidation to peroxo/superoxo species and gaseous O2, achieving 1642.7 mAh/g~Li2O prelithiation capacity (≈980 mAh/g for prelithiation agent). Coupled 6.5 wt % CLO‐based prelithiation agent with LiCoO2 cathode, substantial additional Li source stored within CLO is efficiently released to compensate the Li consumption on the SiO/C anode, achieving 270 Wh/kg pouch‐type full‐cell with 92 % capacity retention after 1000 cycles.
A Boron‐Dependent Antibiotic Derived from a Calcium‐Dependent Antibiotic
Authors: Chiou Shao‐Lun , Chen Yi‐Ju , Lee Chu‐Ting , Ho Minh Ngoc , Miao Jiayuan , Kuo Po‐Cheng , Hsu Cheng‐Chih , Lin Yu‐Shan , Chu John 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of drug‐resistant bacterial pathogens foreshadows a healthcare crisis. Calcium‐dependent antibiotics (CDAs) are promising candidates to combat infectious diseases as many of them show modes of action (MOA) orthogonal to widespread resistance mechanisms. The calcium dependence is nonetheless one of the hurdles toward realizing their full potential. Using laspartomycin C (LspC) as a model, we explored the possibility of reducing, or even eliminating, its calcium dependence. We report herein a synthetic LspC analogue (B1) whose activity no longer depends on calcium and is instead induced by phenylboronic acid (PBA). In LspC, Asp1 and Asp7 coordinate to calcium to anchor it in the active conformation; these residues are replaced by serine in B1 and condense with PBA to form a boronic ester with the same anchoring effect. Using thin‐layer chromatography, MS, NMR, and complementation assays, we demonstrate that B1 inhibits bacterial growth via the same MOA as LspC, i.e., sequestering the cell wall biosynthetic intermediate undecaprenyl phosphate. B1 is as potent and effective as LspC against several Gram‐positive bacteria, including methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus. Our success in converting a CDA to a boron‐dependent antibiotic opens a new avenue in the design and functional control of drug molecules.
Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetracyclic Cycloheptanols through (4+3) Annulation via C−C/C−H Activation Cascade
Authors: Yan Xin , Liu Min , Pan Deng , Wang Qi , Tang Qi , Dai Ya‐Mei , Hu Ping , Wang Bi‐Qin , Huang Genping , Song Feijie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed annulations of four‐membered rings via C−C activation are powerful tools to construct complex fused and bridged ring systems. Despite significant progress in (4+1), (4+2) and (4+4) annulations, the (4+3) annulation remains unexplored. Herein, we develop an asymmetric Rh‐catalyzed intramolecular (4+3) annulation of α‐arylalkene‐tethered benzocyclobutenols for the synthesis of dihydrofuran‐annulated dibenzocycloheptanols with two discontinuous chiral carbon centers via a C−C and C−H activation cascade. The reaction features excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities and 100 % atom economy, and is applicable to late‐stage modification of complex molecules.
Neutral Chromium Complex with a Cr≡Si Triple Bond: Synthesis and Photoinduced H−H and Benzene C−H Bond Activation
Authors: Matsuoka Masahiro , Nagata Koichi , Ohno Ryoma , Matsuo Tsukasa , Tobita Hiromi , Hashimoto Hisako 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA neutral silylyne complex with a Cr≡Si triple bond was prepared by dehydrogenation of a chromium silylene complex with Cr−H and Si−H bonds, and was isolated as monomeric crystals, unlike dimeric forms of its tungsten and molybdenum congeners. The strong Cr(δ−)−Si(δ+) bond polarity was revealed by the reaction with MeOH and DFT calculations. The chromium silylyne complex reacted with H2 under LED (365 nm) irradiation to reproduce the precursor silylene complex with a (H)Cr=Si(H) moiety, as a result of 1,2‐H−H addition across the Cr≡Si triple bond. Similarly, the chromium silylyne complex reacted with benzene under irradiation to afford an 1,2‐addition product with a (H)Cr=Si(Ph) moiety, via benzene C−H bond activation accompanied by Si−C bond forming.
An unsupervised machine learning approach for ground‐motion spectra clustering and selection
Authors: Bond Robert Bailey , Ren Pu , Hajjar Jerome F. , Sun Hao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClustering analysis of sequence data continues to address many applications in engineering design, aided with the rapid growth of machine learning in applied science. This paper presents an unsupervised machine learning algorithm to extract defining characteristics of earthquake ground‐motion spectra, also called latent features, to aid in ground‐motion selection (GMS). In this context, a latent feature is a low‐dimensional machine‐discovered spectral characteristic learned through nonlinear relationships of a neural network autoencoder. Machine discovered latent features can be combined with traditionally defined intensity measures and clustering can be performed to select a representative subgroup from a large ground‐motion suite. The objective of efficient GMS is to choose characteristic records representative of what the structure will probabilistically experience in its lifetime. Three examples are presented to validate this approach, including the use of synthetic and field recorded ground‐motion datasets. The presented deep embedding clustering of ground‐motion spectra has three main advantages: (1) defining characteristics that represent the sparse spectral content of ground motions are discovered efficiently through training of the autoencoder, (2) domain knowledge is incorporated into the machine learning framework with conditional variables in the deep embedding scheme, and (3) the method results in a ground‐motion subgroup that is more representative of the original ground‐motion suite compared to traditional GMS techniques.
Synoptic Reporting of Focal Liver Masses in at Risk Patients
Authors: Lu Fangshi , Samuel Anna , Merrill Christine , Medellin Alex , Burrowes David P. , Wilson Stephanie R. 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesReporting contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for focal liver masses in at risk patients is a challenging task. Traditionally used prose reporting (PR) is inconsistent and lacks standardization. We propose synoptic reporting (SR), encompassing algorithmic interpretation and liver imaging and reporting data system (LI‐RADS) categorization.MethodsA software worksheet from Kailo Medical (Melbourne, AU), incorporates the CEUS algorithm for liver interpretation and CEUS LI‐RADS categorization. Part 1. Feasibility of SR: twenty participants of varying experience were presented a brief lecture on SR, algorithmic approach to liver mass interpretation, and CEUS LI‐RADS categorization. Ten representative liver masses were shown as unknown cases. Participants inputted data into SR worksheets. Results and LI‐RADS category were generated solely by SR. Data were categorized as “correct” or “incorrect.” Part 2. Prospective Analysis: Ninety‐one patients for SR and 56 for PR, all were tested for completeness, efficiency, and user satisfaction.ResultsPart 1: Junior participants, pass rate 81.6%, and senior participants, pass rate 83.3% showed no difference in performance. Part 2: Completeness: SR 98.4% and PR 87.0%. Efficiency: Average total time to completion: SR 11 minutes and PR 20 minutes. User satisfaction: Ultrasound technologists, all referring physicians, and six out of seven radiologists preferred SR over PR. Major benefits cited were total time saved, consistency and accuracy in documentation, and report completeness.ConclusionsSR is a reliable and useful tool in clinical practice to report liver masses on ultrasound and assign an appropriate LI‐RADS categorization and management pathway. This ultimately improves communication with referring clinicians and leads to better patient outcomes.
Base‐assisted anionic polymerization of alkyl sorbates and subsequent ring‐closure without extreme dilution for synthesis of cyclic stereoregular poly(alkyl sorbates)
Authors: Ide Yuto , Ito Hiroki , Takasu Akinori , Higuchi Masahiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA typical base, lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) or lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (LiHMDS), was found to initiate the anionic chain‐growth polymerization of ethyl sorbate (ES) in the presence of an aluminum Lewis acid, that is, methylaluminum bis(2,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methylphenoxide) (MAD) and, after ES consumption, ring‐closure occurred without highly dilute conditions to give the cyclic poly(ES). The finding of ring closure was supported by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectroscopy and direct transmittance electron microscope (TEM) observations, in which a series of spectral patterns separated by the mass of ES and cyclic objects with 7.4–25.9 nm rings were observed, respectively. The results indicated that instead of the use of an expensive N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC), employing these commodity bases to initiate chain polymerization enabled us to fabricate the intended cyclic vinyl polymers without highly dilute conditions. Also, this polymerization proceeded even at −80°C to give threo (98%)‐disyndiotactic (91%) stereoregular poly(ES) in an excellent yield with narrow molecular weight distributions (Mn = 5.9 × 103–8.4 × 103, Mw/Mn = 1.14).
Distributed data network: a case study of the Indian textile homeworkers
Authors: Carpenter Martin , Poon Ser-Huang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In recent years, and with the COVID disruption, many companies have moved toward digitization, adopting digital supply chains for enhanced efficiency. This coincided with the Western Governments mandating, through modern slavery legislation, that multinational companies should mitigate human rights risks in their supply chains. In addition, the Indian government has been making major efforts to equip residents in India with digital identities; first with the Aadhaar identity system, and, on August 26, 2021, the eShram portal aimed specifically at registering informal workers recognizing them formally as part of the Indian labour force. This article shows how a full digitization of the supply chains might be problematic, and in the extreme, might threaten the livelihoods of homeworkers. For the homeworkers to survive the seemingly inevitable digitization, there is a clear need to ensure that they have a direct representation in the digital supply chains. Given the limited ability of the homeworkers to directly represent themselves, we need appropriate models of digital custodianship and policies for promoting their uptake. We discuss the shape that such solutions might take. Finally, an open acceptance by brands of homeworking as a part of their supply chains is called for, paving the way to a public acceptance of these workers’ right to a minimum/living wage. To engineer widespread acceptance is an insurmountable task. It is hoped that the eShram scheme will help to change the political balance in India as the informal workers now become “traceable.”
The ELSI Virtual Forum, 30 Years of the Genome: Integrating and Applying ELSI Research
Authors: Moore Caroline B. , Dolan Deanne Dunbar , Yarmolinsky Rachel , Cho Mildred K. , Soo-Jin-Lee Sandra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper reports our analysis of the ELSI Virtual Forum: 30 Years of the Genome: Integrating and Applying ELSI Research, an online meeting of scholars focused on the ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of genetics and genomics.
(Re)criminalizing Abortion: Returning to the Political with Stories
Authors: Annas George J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAbortion stories have always played a powerful role in advancing women’s rights. In the abortion sphere particularly, the personal is political. Following the Court’s reversal of Roe v. Wade, abortion politics, and abortion storytelling, take on an even deeper political role in challenging the bloodless judicial language of Dobbs with the lived experience of women.
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health: Undermining Public Health, Facilitating Reproductive Coercion
Authors: Ahmed Aziza , Evans Dabney P. , Jackson Jason , Meier Benjamin Mason , Tomori Cecília 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health continues a trajectory of U.S. Supreme Court jurisprudence that undermines the normative foundation of public health — the idea that the state is obligated to provide a robust set of supports for healthcare services and the underlying social determinants of health. Dobbs furthers a longstanding ideology of individual responsibility in public health, neglecting collective responsibility for better health outcomes. Such an ideology on individual responsibility not only enables a shrinking of public health infrastructure for reproductive health, it facilitates the rise of reproductive coercion and a criminal legal response to pregnancy and abortion. This commentary situates Dobbs in the context of a long historical shift in public health that increasingly places burdens on individuals for their own reproductive health care, moving away from the possibility of a robust state public health infrastructure.
“A Vigorous Campaign against Abortion”: Views of American Leaders of Eugenics v. Supreme Court Distortions
Authors: Lombardo Paul A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Supreme Court decided Box v. Planned Parenthood of Indiana and Kentucky in 2019. Justice Clarence Thomas’s opinion in the case claimed there was a direct connection between the legalization of abortion, in the late 20th Century, and the beginnings of the birth control movement a full three quarters of a century earlier. “Many eugenicists,” Thomas argued, “supported legalizing abortion.”Justice Samuel Alito highlighted similar claims in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health, citing a brief entitled “The Eugenic Era Lives on through the Abortion Movement.” That brief was an echo of Justice Thomas’ misguided attempt at history in the Box opinion. Similar claims reoccur in Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk’s opinion in the Texas mifepristone case, Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine v. U.S. Food and Drug Administration.These false claims are the focus of this article. There is no evidence that early leaders of the eugenics movement supported abortion as part of the movement for birth control. It is accurate to describe those leaders as anti-abortion, and their followers as people who condemned abortion for moral, legal, and medical reasons.
“A Raw Blessing” – Caregivers’ Experiences Providing Care to Persons Living with Dementia in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Largent Emily A. , Peterson Andrew , Harkins Kristin , Coykendall Cameron , Kleid Melanie , Abera Maramawit , Stites Shana D. , Karlawish Jason , Clapp Justin T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has been devastating for people living with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers. While prior research has documented these effects, it has not delved into their specific causes or how they are modified by contextual variation in caregiving circumstances.
A large pelagic lobopodian from the Cambrian Pioche Shale of Nevada
Authors: McCall Christian R.A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLobopodians are an iconic and diverse group of animals from the Cambrian, which alongside radiodonts, present an important window into the evolution of arthropods and the development of Paleozoic ecosystems. Of these, a rare few species outside of Radiodonta possess lateral swimming flaps. The recent discovery of Utahnax provided much-needed insight into the evolution of swimming flaps, suggesting that the ventrolateral flaps of Kerygmachela evolved independently from other flap-bearing lobopodians and radiodonts. Here a new pelagic lobopodian species is described, Mobulavermis adustus new genus new species, the first lobopodian to be reported from the Cambrian-age Pioche Shale of Nevada. Mobulavermis adustus was large and possessed more ventrolateral flap pairs than any other known lobopodian or radiodont. It is found to be a close relative of both Kerygmachela and Utahnax, allowing the establishment of the new lobopodian family Kerygmachelidae new family. In addition, an indeterminate euarthropod fossil from the Pioche Formation is described in brief, and the recently described Chengjiang species Parvibellus avatus Liu et al., 2022, thought to have been related to the “gilled lobopodians,” is reinterpreted as a juvenile siberiid lobopodian.UUID: http://zoobank.org/759c4eb9-ec60-4d5a-8b20-4f115ab79575
Do we need a radical redefinition of secularism? A critique of Charles Taylor
Authors: Akan Murat 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Charles Taylor's “radical redefinition of secularism” has a significant place in the post-9/11 research on secularism. He replaces secularism's “old” paradigm, separation between state and religious institutions, with a “new” one, responding to diversity. Taylor appeals to French laïcité in-itself as the old paradigm. With an analysis of the parliamentary debates at the institutional origins of the old paradigm in the Third French Republic, this article questions whether Taylor's redefinition of secularism is truly radical. This historical intervention in Taylor's “radical redefinition” reformulates his novelty as the reconfiguration of the relation between generality of laws and meaning worlds in the institutional response to diversity. The Third Republic pushed generality in laws against diverse meaning worlds. Taylor (with Jocelyn Maclure) demands that general laws reasonably accommodate “meaning-giving convictions.” I explore this reversal and argue that it's questionable Taylor offers a radical redefinition of secularism—or even that we need one.
A case study on War Poses
Authors: Widström Angelica 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article delves into Sweden's evolving legal response to international crimes, notably focusing on the 2021 War Poses case before the Swedish Supreme Court. The case involves an Iraqi asylum-seeker charged with violating the personal dignity of several persons, presumed to be deceased, during a 2015 non-international armed conflict in Kirkuk, Iraq. A key contention is whether deceased individuals can be considered “protected persons” under Swedish war crimes legislation. The article examines the Swedish Supreme Court's decision, which deems deceased individuals as protected persons, drawing on the Rome Statute's Elements of Crimes. It examines the complexities surrounding the application of international humanitarian law (IHL) to cases involving the deceased and explores potential misinterpretations arising from the Court's brief and ambiguous reasoning. As Sweden grapples with the complexities of international criminal law, the article advocates for clarity and comprehensive discussion to ensure that justice is served while upholding accurate and harmonized definitions of fundamental concepts of IHL.