bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steps to achieve carvone-rich spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) essential oil: a case study on the use of different distillation methods
Authors: Moradi-Sadr Jalil , Ebadi Mohammad-Taghi , Ayyari Mahdi 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSpearmint essential oil is a valuable medical and food product. Spearmint essential oil is effective for the treatment of flatulence, indigestion, nausea, and colic along with Alzheimer, obesity, and fungal infections.MethodsThis study evaluated the quality and quantity of spearmint essential oil by examining some extraction strategies. The procedures were hydro-distillation, hydro-steam distillation, microwave-assisted hydro-distillation, and open hydro-distillation. The hydro-distillation had five pH levels (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) and four NaCl concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%). microwave-assisted hydro-distillation at a power of 225 W was applied for 60, 90, and 120 minutes for process durations. The solvent extraction of herbal distillate obtained by an open hydro-distillation system was done using n-pentane and n-hexane to achieve a recovered essential oil by a rotary evaporator.Results and discussionThe results showed that the lowest pH in the hydro-distillation process led to obtaining double yield compared to the control. Additionally, at 1 and 1.5% NaCl concentrations, the oil yield increased by 12.86 and 20.87%, respectively. Although the yield was reduced by microwave-assisted hydro-distillation, however within 120 minutes, carvone increased by 12.7% and limonene decreased by 42.3%. The best quality of spearmint oil belonged to solvent extraction followed by rotary evaporator.
The effect of internal and external focus of attention on tennis skill acquisition in children
Authors: Tapan Tuncay , Şahan Asuman , Erman Kemal Alparslan 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the effect of internal and external focus attention instructions on learning the tennis groundstroke (forehand-backhand drive) for children.MethodsA total of 60 (30 girls, 30 boys) children aged 10.24 ± 0.48 years were included in the study. Children were randomly divided into three groups: External Focused Group (EFG), Internal Focused Group (IFG), and Control Group (CG).ResultsIn the pre-training tests of tennis skill (TST) and tennis transfer (TTT), there was no significant difference between the three groups (EFG, IFG, and CG) according to one-way ANOVA results (p &gt; 0.05). Significant interaction was determined between groups and measurements in a repeated-measures ANOVA analysis (three groups, three measurements) and TST and TTT (p &lt; 0.01). According to the post-hoc analysis, it was determined that the TST results increased significantly in the EFG compared to the IFG and CG, and there was no significant difference in the TTT between the EFG and IFG, but both groups showed significant improvements compared to the CG.ConclusionInstructions to children to focus attention externally facilitate learning the groundstroke (forehand-backhand) technique, which is one of the basic tennis techniques.
Adolescent experiences, perceptions, and preferences for the process of HIV status disclosure in Kenya
Authors: Mugo Cyrus , Njuguna Irene N. , Beima-Sofie Kristin , Mburu Caren W. , Onyango Alvin , Itindi Janet , Richardson Barbra A. , Oyiengo Laura , John-Stewart Grace , Wamalwa Dalton C. 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionDisclosure of HIV status to adolescents living with HIV has been associated with improved treatment outcomes. However, there are limited data regarding the experiences of, perceptions of, and preferences for the process of disclosure of HIV status among adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYLH), especially in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsYoung adults living with HIV from 20 HIV clinics in Kenya who participated in a clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of a disclosure and transition package completed an anonymous survey in 2019. We described their experiences and preferences using counts and proportions and assessed factors associated with satisfaction with the disclosure process using linear regression, reporting age-adjusted mean differences (aMD), and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).ResultsOf the 375 enrolled AYLH, 265 (71%) had perinatally acquired HIV, of whom 162 (61%) were female. The median age of the enrolled AYLH was 16 years (IQR: 14–19 years), and all of them were on antiretroviral therapy (ART). For over half (55%) of the participants, caregivers disclosed their HIV status, and 57% preferred that their caregivers disclose the status to them. Most (78%) of the participants preferred full disclosure by 12 years of age. The majority (69%) believed the disclosure was planned, and 11% suspected being HIV positive before the disclosure. Overall, 198 (75%) AYLH reported that they were ready for disclosure when it happened, and 86% were satisfied with the process. During both pre-disclosure (67 and 70%, respectively) and post-disclosure (&gt;75% for each), AYLH felt supported by the clinic and caregivers. Factors associated with higher satisfaction with the disclosure process were pre-disclosure clinic support (aMD: 0.19 [95%CI: 0.05–0.33]) and pre-disclosure (aMD: 0.19 [0.06–0.31]) and post-disclosure (aMD: 0.17 [0.03–0.31]) caregiver support. AYLH who suspected they were HIV positive before they were disclosed to tended to have lower satisfaction when compared to those who never suspected (aMD: −0.37 [−0.74-(−0.01)]). Overall, they reported that disclosure positively influenced their ART adherence (78%), clinic attendance (45%), and communication with caregivers (20%), and 40% reported being happier after disclosure.ConclusionYoung adults living with HIV advocated for an appropriately timed disclosure process with the involvement of caregivers and healthcare workers (HCWs). Support from caregivers and HCWs before and during disclosure is key to improving their disclosure experience.
Using the exploration, preparation, implementation, sustainment (EPIS) framework to assess the cooperative re-engagement controlled trial (CoRECT)
Authors: Elder Heather , Lang Simona G. , Villanueva Merceditas , John Betsey , Roosevelt Kathleen , Altice Frederick L. , Brady Kathleen A. , Gibson Briana , Buchelli Marianne , DeMaria Alfred , Randall Liisa M. 
Published: December 2023

Background“Data to Care” (D2C) is a strategy which relies on a combination of public health surveillance data supplemented by clinic data to support continuity of HIV care. The Cooperative Re-Engagement Controlled Trial (CoRECT) was a CDC-sponsored randomized controlled trial of a D2C model, which provided an opportunity to examine the process of implementing an intervention for people with HIV (PWH) who are out-of-care across three public health department jurisdictions. Using the EPIS (Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment) framework, we aimed to retrospectively describe the implementation process for each site to provide insights and guidance to inform future D2C activities implemented by public health agencies and their clinical and community partners.MethodsAfter completion of CoRECT, the three (Connecticut, Massachusetts, Philadelphia) trial sites reviewed study protocols and held iterative discussions to describe and compare their processes regarding case identification, interactions with partnering clinics and patients, and sustainability. The EPIS framework provided a structure for comparing key organizational and operational practices and was applied to the entire implementation process.ResultsThe trial sites varied in their implementation processes and the specific elements of the intervention. Factors including prior D2C experience, data management and analytic infrastructure, staff capacity, and relationships with clinic partners informed intervention development and implementation. Additionally, this review identified key lessons learned including to: (1) explore new supplemental sources for public health surveillance data; (2) work with stakeholders representing core functions/components in the early stages of the intervention design process; (3) build flexibility into all components of the follow-up activities; and (4) integrate data sharing, project management, and follow-up activities within existing DPH organizational structure.ConclusionThe CoRECT study provides a general blueprint and lessons learned for implementing a D2C intervention for re-engagement in HIV care. Interventions should be tailored to local operational and structural factors, and responsive to evolving clinical and public health practices.
Association between longitudinal dietary patterns and changes in obesity: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Zheng Liuyan , Lu Xinyue , Guo Jianhui , Xu Xingyan , Yang Le , Xie Xiaoxu , Li Huangyuan , Wu Siying 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionResearch on the trajectory of dietary patterns and changes in obesity has been inconclusive.MethodsThis study described the dietary intake and adiposity trajectories of Chinese adults and assessed the association between dietary trajectories and changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). We used data from 3, 643 adults who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1997 to 2015. Detailed dietary data were collected by conducting three consecutive 24-h recalls. Multitrajectories of diet scores were identified by a group-based multitrajectory method. We described the change in BMI and WHR using group-based trajectory modeling. We assessed the associations between dietary trajectories and changes in people with obesity using a logistic regression model.ResultsOur study revealed four trajectories of low-carbohydrate (LCD) and low-fat diet (LFD) scores. Three adiposity trajectories were identified according to the baseline level and developmental trend of BMI and WHR. Compared with the reference group, which was characterized by sustained healthy dietary habits with healthy diet scores at baseline and sustained maintenance of healthy diet scores, the other three diet trajectories had a higher risk of falling into the adverse adiposity trajectory.DiscussionMaintaining a healthy LCD and LFD can markedly decrease the risk of adiposity.
Design guidelines for healing gardens in the general hospital
Authors: Wang Quying , Tzortzi Julia Nerantzia 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionDespite being recognized as a cost-effective method to enhance physical and mental health, Healing Gardens remain insufficiently popularized in outdoor spaces of hospitals. This paper aims to introduce a new perspective and offer guidelines for their implementation within general hospitals.MethodsA methodology is proposed for formulating hospital-specific guidelines, encompassing the extraction of successful Healing Garden features from case studies, definition of key components grounded in theoretical frameworks, validation of essential features through user questionnaires, and comprehensive site analyses.ResultsThe methodology was applied in a case study at Zhongnan Hospital in Wuhan. This research presents a novel perspective and robust methodology for implementing Healing Gardens in general hospital settings, potentially improving physical and mental health in a cost-efficient manner.DiscussionThis work aims to encourage the adoption of Healing Gardens as preventive medical tools in more healthcare settings. By providing a comprehensive methodology and a case study illustration, this research endeavors to stimulate broader acceptance and utilization of Healing Gardens in healthcare environments.
Service-level barriers to and facilitators of accessibility to treatment for problematic alcohol use: a scoping review
Authors: Wolfe Dianna M. , Hutton Brian , Corace Kim , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn , Ngorsuraches Surachat , Nochaiwong Surapon , Presseau Justin , Grant Alyssa , Dowson Mackenzie , Palumbo Amelia , Suschinsky Kelly , Skidmore Becky , Bartram Mary , Garner Gordon , DiGioacchino Lisha , Pump Andrew , Peters Brianne , Konefal Sarah , Eves Amy Porath , Thavorn Kednapa 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionServices to treat problematic alcohol use (PAU) should be highly accessible to optimize treatment engagement. We conducted a scoping review to map characteristics of services for the treatment of PAU that have been reported in the literature to be barriers to or facilitators of access to treatment from the perspective of individuals with PAU.MethodsA protocol was developed a priori, registered, and published. We searched MEDLINE®, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and additional grey literature sources from 2010 to April 2022 to identify primary qualitative research and surveys of adults with current or past PAU requiring treatment that were designed to identify modifiable characteristics of PAU treatment services (including psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions) that were perceived to be barriers to or facilitators of access to treatment. Studies of concurrent PAU and other substance use disorders were excluded. Study selection was performed by multiple review team members. Emergent barriers were coded and mapped to the accessibility dimensions of the Levesque framework of healthcare access, then descriptively summarized.ResultsOne-hundred-and-nine included studies reported an extensive array of unique service-level barriers that could act alone or together to prevent treatment accessibility. These included but were not limited to lack of an obvious entry point, complexity of the care pathway, high financial cost, unacceptably long wait times, lack of geographically accessible treatment, inconvenient appointment hours, poor cultural/demographic sensitivity, lack of anonymity/privacy, lack of services to treat concurrent PAU and mental health problems.DiscussionBarriers generally aligned with recent reviews of the substance use disorder literature. Ranking of barriers may be explored in a future discrete choice experiment of PAU service users. The rich qualitative findings of this review may support the design of new or modification of existing services for people with PAU to improve accessibility.Systematic Review RegistrationOpen Science Framework doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/S849R.
Qualitative perspectives on COVID-19, interpersonal violence, and interventions to improve well-being from adolescent girls and young women in Kisumu, Kenya
Authors: Reed Ruby E. , Omollo Mevis , Odero Isdorah , Awuonda Eucabeth , Ochere Peter , Ondeng’e Ken , Kang Jennifer L. , Altamirano Jonathan , Barsosio Hellen C. , Sarnquist Clea 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionAdolescent girls and young women (AGYW) face a high burden of gender-based violence (GBV) worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic and associated policies led to global increases in GBV, decreased access to resources, and disruptions of pathways to care. We aimed to understand the effects of COVID-19 on AGYW affected by GBV in Kisumu, Kenya, as well as to identify possible interventions to mitigate those effects.MethodsFocus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with AGYW aged 15–25 with a history of exposure to GBV. AGYW were split into age-matched groups; aged 15–19 for younger groups and 19–25 for older groups. Discussions focused on how COVID-19 affected experiences of GBV, access to care services, economic and social outcomes, and opportunities for interventions to mitigate negative impacts of COVID-19 and violence.ResultsFive FGDs with 46 AGYW were completed in June-September 2021. AGYW described increases in all types of GBV, particularly sexual abuse and intimate partner violence. Early marriage and subsistence transactional sex also increased. AGYW described violence as both a cause and effect of poor economic, social and health consequences related to the pandemic. Notably, AGYW emphasized stress, lack of mental health support and increased substance use as risk factors for violence, and discussed the deleterious mental health effects of violence—particularly in the wake of disruption of mental health services. COVID-19 disrupted referrals to violence-related services, and reduced access to both medical services and psychosocial services. AGYW believed that interventions focused on improving mental health as well as economic empowerment would be the most feasible and acceptable in mitigating the negative effects of COVID-19 and related exacerbations in violence.DiscussionAGYW reported increases in almost all forms of GBV during the pandemic, with related exacerbation in mental health. Concurrently, AGYW endorsed decreased access to care services. As there is no evidence that violence and mental health challenges will quickly resolve, there is an urgent need to identify and implement interventions to mitigate these negative effects.
Expression of Cry1Ab/2Aj Protein in Genetically Engineered Maize Plants and Its Transfer in the Arthropod Food Web
Authors: Chen Yi , Meissle Michael , Xue Jiabao , Zhang Nan , Ma Shulin , Guo Anping , Liu Biao , Peng Yufa , Song Xinyuan , Yang Yan , Li Yunhe 
Published: December 2023

While transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize provides pest resistance and a reduced application of chemical pesticides, a comprehensive environmental risk assessment is mandatory before its field release. This research determined the concentrations of Bt protein in plant tissue and in arthropods under field conditions in Gongzhuling City, northeastern China, to provide guidance for the selection of indicator species for non-target risk assessment studies. Bt maize expressing Cry1Ab/2Aj and non-transformed near-isoline were grown under identical environmental and agricultural conditions. Cry1Ab/2Aj was detected in plant tissues and arthropods collected from Bt maize plots during pre-flowering, flowering, and post-flowering. The expression of Cry1Ab/2Aj varied across growth stages and maize tissues, as well as in the collected arthropods at the three growth stages. Therefore, representative species should be chosen to cover the whole growing season and to represent different habitats and ecological functions. Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Heteronychus arator (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), and Somaticus angulatus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are suitable non-target herbivores. Propylea japonica (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Paederus fuscipes (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), Chrysoperla nipponensis (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), and spiders are suggested predators. Apis cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica (both Hymenoptera: Apidae) represent pollinators and Folsomia candida (Collembola: Isotomidae) decomposers.
Edentulismo no Brasil: impactos na saúde da população idosa com foco na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Marcelino William Max do Nascimento , Belarmino Maria Clarice Conceição , Mendes Cacio Lopes , Ribeiro Adriana da Costa 
Published: December 2023

O modelo de atenção primária à saúde (APS) proporcionou mudanças na organização dos processos de trabalho dentro do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). No contexto da saúde bucal, a inserção das equipes odontológicas na estratégia de saúde da família (ESF), além de ter possibilitado o aumento do número de cirurgiões-dentistas na APS, alterou o modelo de atenção à saúde bucal. Apesar disso, o edentulismo ainda é um problema de grande impacto na qualidade de vida da população idosa. O objetivo deste estudo foi discorrer sobre os fatores que influenciam o edentulismo no Brasil, bem como, seu impacto na vida social do idoso. O levantamento bibliográfico foi conduzido no PubMed/Medline, LILACS e SciELO, utilizando-se os seguintes descritores: Qualidade de Vida; Saúde da Família; Edentulismo. O edentulismo provoca grande impacto na saúde da pessoa idosa, que compreende desde perdas funcionais às influências psicológicas. Em relação ao bem-estar do indivíduo, há evidências de que a perda de dentes influenciam negativamente na qualidade de vida do paciente e de que a reabilitação protética é capaz de devolver a autoestima e melhor qualidade de saúde bucal. Dado o exposto, o edentulismo exerce grande influência psicossocial, de forma que a perda dos dentes causa impactos negativos e piora sua qualidade de vida, afetando as condições física, funcional e psicológicas do indivíduo.
Comparação entre IA e radiologistas na performance em avaliação de nódulos pulmonares em exames de imagem: uma revisão sistemática integrativa
Authors: Mendes Júlio Barros , Gonsalves Danilo Amoras Collares , Campos Achiles Eduardo Pontes 
Published: December 2023

O câncer de pulmão é o tumor maligno de maior incidência e mortalidade no mundo em ambos os sexos. Sua taxa de sobrevivência é baixa devido o diagnóstico ser realizado majoritariamente em estágios avançados. A taxa de sobrevivência em 05 anos é maior que 50% em diagnósticos precoces, entretanto, a neoplasia em estágios iniciais não apresenta quadro clínico exuberante. Diante da necessidade de redução de resultados falso-negativos, carga laboral excessiva para radiologistas e demanda por celeridade na identificação precoce de nódulos pulmonares, diversas ferramentas baseadas em Inteligência Artificial (IA) têm sido desenvolvidas e testadas. O Objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão sistemática das literaturas disponíveis que comparam a capacidade de radiologistas e IAs em detectar, segmentar e caracterizar nódulos pulmonares. Após realização de pesquisa em bases de dados indexadas utilizando o fluxograma PRISMA, dez artigos foram selecionados para análise de viés e discussão. IAs mostraram-se eficazes na detecção de nódulos, apresentando sensibilidade superior e especificidade inferior a radiologistas, apresentando também uma alta taxa de falsos positivos. Sua capacidade de caracterização de nódulos e indicar seguimento se mostra inferior à de radiologistas experientes. Faz-se necessário o estabelecimento e alimentação de bancos de dados para validação externa e interna, além de padronização metodológica para diminuir o risco de viés, para assim implementar estudos prospectivos e integrar de forma efetiva tais ferramentas na rotina do radiologista.
Conhecimento de discentes sobre o uso do método contraceptivo oral
Authors: Aoyama Elisângela de Andrade , Da Silva Anna Luiza Vicente , Moureira Thais Alves , Feitosa Mirela Alves 
Published: December 2023

O anticoncepcional oral é um dos métodos contraceptivos mais eficazes disponíveis, com poucos efeitos colaterais graves e podem ser usados para regular o ciclo menstrual, reduzir o fluxo menstrual e aliviar os sintomas da tensão pré-menstrual. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o nível de conhecimento das discentes sobre o uso do método contraceptivo oral em uma instituição de ensino superior do Distrito Federal. Trata-se de um estudo de campo transversal, com tamanho amostral 349, com discentes de idades entre 18 e 52 anos. O questionário foi aplicado por conveniência, contendo 15 questões fechadas, com opções de resposta de sim ou não, para levantamento do perfil demográfico e nível de conhecimento das participantes. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por estatística descritiva e compilados em planilhas, utilizando o programa Microsoft Excel. Houve prevalência na faixa etária de 18 a 22 anos (78,51%), solteiras (82,52%), a maioria reside no Distrito Federal (78,22%) e cursam ciências da saúde (68,48%). Sobre o próprio conhecimento, as discentes afirmaram que a compreensão sobre o tema é favorável (55,30%) e dentre elas 54,44% disseram que a abordagem da temática é pertinente. Levando-se em consideração os aspectos observados, as discentes fazem uso corretamente dos contraceptivos orais. Em contrapartida, constatou-se que algumas respondentes tiveram ou conheciam alguém que com o uso incorreto do contraceptivo obtiveram consequências.