bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Firearms-related injury and sex: a comparative National Trauma Database (NTDB) Study
Authors: Zwemer Catherine , Kartiko Susan , Forssten Maximilian Peter , Zebley James A , Hughes Joy Dowden , Sarani Babak , Mohseni Shahin 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundExisting study findings on firearms-related injury patterns are largely skewed towards males, who comprise the majority of this injury population. Given the paucity of existing data for females with these injuries, we aimed to elucidate the demographics, injury patterns, and outcomes of firearms-related injury in females compared with males in the USA.Materials and methodsA 7-year (2013–2019) retrospective review of the National Trauma Database was conducted to identify all adult patients who suffered firearms-related injuries. Patients who were males were matched (1:1, caliper 0.2) to patients who were females by demographics, comorbidities, injury patterns and severity, and payment method, to compare differences in mortality and several other post-injury outcomes.ResultsThere were 196 696 patients admitted after firearms-related injury during the study period. Of these patients, 23 379 (11.9%) were females, 23 378 of whom were successfully matched to a male counterpart. After matching, females had a lower rate of in-hospital mortality (18.6% vs. 20.0%, p<0.001), deep vein thrombosis (1.2% vs. 1.5%, p=0.014), and had a lower incidence of drug or alcohol withdrawal syndrome (0.2% vs. 0.5%, p<0.001) compared with males.ConclusionFemale victims of firearms-related injuries experience lower rates of mortality and complications compared with males. Further studies are needed to elucidate the cause of these differences.Level of evidenceLevel III.
Development of EST-SSR markers in Bergenia ciliata using de novo transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Singh Harish Chandra , Tiwari Vandana , Tiwari Avinash , Rana Tikam S. 
Published: December 2023

Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. is an important herb predominantly found in the Indian Himalayan Region. It is widely used in medicines, healthcare systems, cosmetics, fodder, and ornamental purposes. The Illumina sequencing and de novo transcriptome assembly were carried out in B. ciliata to develop and identify simple sequence repeat markers. A total of 18 226 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified wherein di-nucleotides were found to be abundant (47.88%), followed by mono-nucleotide (35.03%) and tri-nucleotide (15.88%) repeats. A total of 11 839 EST-SSR primers were designed, of which 96 primer pairs were commercially synthesized. Finally, 17 primer pairs revealed clear, distinct polymorphic bands, and these primers were validated with 40 diverse B. ciliata accessions. The present study revealed moderate level of genetic diversity ( Ho = 0.389, He = 0.542, and PIC = 0.513). Furthermore, the transcriptome data and EST-SSR markers generated during the present investigation could be an important genetic resource for functional genomics, population studies, and conservation genetics of the genus Bergenia.
Towards the optimal beam dump experiment to search for feebly interacting particles
Authors: Bondarenko Kyrylo , Boyarsky Alexey , Jacobsson Richard , Mikulenko Oleksii , Ovchynnikov Maksym 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFuture searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model are without doubt in need of a diverse approach and experiments with complementary sensitivities to different types of classes of models. One of the directions that should be explored is feebly interacting particles (FIPs) with masses below the electroweak scale. The interest in FIPs has significantly increased in the last ten years. Searches for FIPs at colliders have intrinsic limitations in the region they may probe, significantly restricting exploration of the mass range $$m_{\text {FIP}} < 5{-}10$$

m
FIP

<
5
-
10

GeV/c$$^2$$

2

. Beam dump-like experiments, characterized by the possibility of extremely high luminosity at relatively high energies and the effective coverage of the production and decay acceptance, are the perfect option to generically explore the “coupling frontier” of the light FIPs. Several proposals for beam-dump detectors are currently being considered by CERN for implementation at the SPS ECN3 beam facility. In this paper, we analyse in depth how the characteristic geometric parameters of a beam dump experiment influence the signal yield. We apply an inclusive approach by considering the phenomenology of different types of FIPs. From the various production modes and kinematics, we demonstrate that the optimal layout that maximises the production and decay acceptance consists of a detector located on the beam-axis, at the shortest possible distance from the target defined by the systems required to suppress the beam-induced backgrounds.
Auger spectroscopy beyond the ultra-short core-hole relaxation time approximation
Authors: Nocera Alberto , Feiguin Adrian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe present a time-dependent computational approach to study Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) beyond the ultra-short core-hole relaxation time approximation and, as a test case, we apply it to the paradigmatic example of a one-dimensional Mott insulator represented by a half-filled Hubbard chain. The Auger spectrum is usually calculated by assuming that, after the creation of a core-hole, the system thermalizes almost instantaneously. This leads to a relatively simple analytical expression that uses the ground-state with a core-hole as a reference state and ignores all the transient dynamics related to the screening of the core-hole. In this picture, the response of the system can be associated to the pair spectral function. On the other hand, in our numerical calculations, the core hole is created by a light pulse, allowing one to study the transient dynamics of the system in terms of the pulse duration and in the non-perturbative regime. Time-dependent density matrix renormalization group calculations reveal that the relaxation process involves the creation of a polarization cloud of doublon excitations that have an effect similar to photo-doping. As a consequence, there is a leak of spectral weight to higher energies into what otherwise would be the Mott gap. For longer pulses, these excited states, mostly comprised of doublons, can dominate the spectrum. By changing the duration of the light-pulse, the entire screening process can be resolved in time.
On the semiconductor to metal transition in a quantum wire: Influence of geometry and laser
Authors: Vignesh G. , Balaji A. Sakthi , Mahalakshmi S. M. , Kalpana P. , Mohan C. Raja 
Published: December 2023

The diamagnetic susceptibility and binding energy (BE) of a hydrogenic donor confined in a GaAs/AlGaAs QWW were theoretically studied in this paper under the influences of the applied laser field, QWW geometry, and non-parabolicity using variation technique combined with effective mass approximation. In the first part, the diamagnetic susceptibility and BE of the donor at the ground state are studied as a function of the size of the QWW, geometry, and applied laser field. The results reveal that changing the geometry of QWW enhances the quantum confinement effects. However, increasing the laser field reduces the BE by adding screening effects to the Coulomb interactions. Further, the diamagnetic susceptibility is available with the stability information about the carrier–parent donor system based on the mean square separation between them. It also demonstrates that susceptibility may remain stable regardless of the change in geometry and applied laser field. Thus, the diamagnetic behavior can serve as a better tool to evaluate the stability and Mott transition of donors in QWW. In the second section, the consequences of laser field and geometry on the SMT of confined donors in QWW have been studied. It is observed that the BE of donors remains constant until [Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text] beyond which it starts to decrease gradually and vanishes exactly at critical concentration ([Formula: see text]. However, the diamagnetic susceptibility of the donor has remained constant until reaching [Formula: see text], beyond which it turned into a drastic fall, which manifested the SMT in the system. The current work is expected to add a few noteworthy points to the SMT phenomena in nanostructures.
Effect of Te doping in SnO2 in Sn and O sites: A DFT study
Authors: Shekhawat Pushpendra Singh , Sharma Neha , Dwivedi Umesh K. , Singh Mukhtiyar , Choudhury Sandip Paul 
Published: December 2023

In this work, we have studied the electronic properties of SnO2 by employing the density functional theory. The aim of the work is to study the comparative effect of Te doping in SnO2 in Sn and O sites. The CASTEP module is used for the simulation. [Formula: see text] lattice of SnO2 was used for the study of the band structure and density of state. The electronic properties change significantly on doping the sample with Te. Also, when Te is doped in different quantities and at different sites in SnO2, the bandgap is overlapped in 0.75% Te doping at O site and the maximum is found to be 0.587 eV in 0.75% Te doping at Sn site. For pure SnO2, the bandgap is 1.064. Hence SnO2 when doped with Te influences the conductivity.
Design of an interface circuit system for mode-separation MEMS digital gyroscope
Authors: Zhang Huan , Yin Liang , Chen Weiping , Fu Qiang 
Published: December 2023

In this paper, a novel digital closed-loop interface circuit system of MEMS vibrating gyroscope is proposed, which includes driving, detection and quadrature circuits. Because of the high sensitivity and precision of the MEMS gyroscope, the interface circuit system is established under the condition of mode separation. The driving circuit of MEMS gyroscope adopts digital automatic gain control (AGC) to realize self-excitation closed-loop control, which makes the gyroscope system simple in structure and good in robustness. First, the working principle of the gyroscope’s sensitive structure is introduced and the system simulation model of the sensitive structure is developed. Second, a [Formula: see text] ADC and DAC with single-bit output are designed and the feasibility of the driving circuit design is verified by the system-level model. Third, the quadrature closed-loop correction circuit is designed to reduce the coupling of the quadrature component to the gyroscope detection circuit. The simulation results show that the quadrature correction loop can effectively reduce the influence of the quadrature coupling on the detection loop of MEMS gyroscope. Finally, the system-level model of the gyroscope is established by SIMULINK, the overall system performance of the gyroscope is analyzed, and the test system of MEMS gyroscope is built by field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The experiment verifies the feasibility of the digital interface circuit design, and the zero-bias instability of the gyroscope system is 1.0∘/h.
Effortless Polite Telepresence using Intention Recognition
Authors: Daneshmand Morteza , Even Jani , Kanda Takayuki 
Published: December 2023

Telepresence technology creates the opportunity for people that were traditionally left out of the workforce to work remotely. In the service industry, a pool of novice remote workers could teleoperate robots to perform short work stints to fill in the gaps left by the dwindling workforce. A hurdle is that consistently talking appropriately and politely imposes a severe mental burden on such novice operators and the quality of the service may suffer. In this study, we propose a teleoperation support system that lets novice remote workers talk freely without considering appropriateness and politeness while maintaining the quality of the service. The proposed system exploits intent recognition to transform casual utterances into predefined appropriate and polite utterances. We conducted a within-subject user study where 23 participants played the role of novice remote operators controlling a guardsman robot in charge of monitoring customers’ behaviors. We measured the workload with and without using the proposed support system using NASA task load index questionnaires. The workload was significantly lower (
p
< .001) when using the proposed support system (
M
= 46.07,
SD
= 14.36) than when not using it (
M
= 62.74,
SD
= 12.70). The effect size was large (Cohen’s
d
= 1.23).
Short-Term Outcomes of Total Arterial Revascularization Compared to Conventional Coronary Artery Bypass Graft in Patients with Multivessel Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Lin Zhi-qin , Xu Zheng , Chen Liang-wan , Dai Xiao-fu 
Published: December 2023

Background. Multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) and left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) present challenges in CABG. We aimed to compare early outcomes of total arterial revascularization (TAR) versus conventional CABG in this high-risk population. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study based on a single-center registry of patients who underwent isolated CABG for multivessel CAD and LVD between January 2014 and December 2022. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were early complications, graft patency rate at 3 months, readmission rate within 6 months, and freedom from angina rate within 6 months. Results. A total of 112 cases were included in this study; 52 patients for TAR and 60 patients for conventional CABG. Both groups had comparable baselines and operative profiles. In-hospital mortality was similar between TAR and conventional CABG (2 deaths, 3.85% vs 4 deaths, 6.67%,

p

= 0.810). TAR had shorter ICU (3.5 vs 5 days,

p

= 0.016) and hospital stay (10.5 vs 12 days,

p

= 0.007). Other postoperative complications were similar. At 3 months, TAR had superior graft patency (91.7% vs 83.7%,

p

= 0.034) and lower 6-month readmission (TAR: 2/50, 4.0% vs. CR: 10/56, 17.9%,

p

= 0.024). Freedom from angina rate within 6 months was similar between the two groups (TAR: 43/50, 86.0% vs. CR: 42/56, 75.0%,

p

= 0.240). Conclusion. Our findings suggest that TAR may offer benefits in terms of shorter hospital stays, higher early graft patency, and lower readmission rates for patients with multivessel CAD and LVD. However, further research, particularly large-scale, randomized trials with longer follow-up periods, are needed to fully understand the long-term clinical outcomes and confirm these promising early results.
Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals the Heterogeneity of the Immune Landscape of IDH–Wild-Type High-Grade Gliomas
Authors: Ran Xiaojuan , Zheng Jian , Chen Linchao , Xia Zhen , Wang Yin , Sun Chengfang , Guo Chen , Lin Peng , Liu Fuyi , Wang Chun , Zhou Jianguo , Sun Chongran , Liu Qichang , Ma Jianzhu , Qin Zhiyong , Zhu Xiangdong , Xie Qi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)–wild-type (WT) high-grade gliomas, especially glioblastomas, are highly aggressive and have an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Although tumor-infiltrating immune cells are known to play a critical role in glioma genesis, their heterogeneity and intercellular interactions remain poorly understood. In this study, we constructed a single-cell transcriptome landscape of immune cells from tumor tissue and matching peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from IDH-WT high-grade glioma patients. Our analysis identified two subsets of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in tumors with the highest protumorigenesis signatures, highlighting their potential role in glioma progression. We also investigated the T-cell trajectory and identified the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) as a regulator of T-cell dysfunction, providing a potential target for glioma immunotherapy. We further demonstrated that knockout of AHR decreased chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell exhaustion and improved CAR T-cell antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we explored intercellular communication mediated by ligand–receptor interactions within the tumor microenvironment and PBMCs and revealed the unique cellular interactions present in the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, our study provides a comprehensive immune landscape of IDH-WT high-grade gliomas and offers potential drug targets for glioma immunotherapy.
CaO:Tb<sup>3+ </sup> green-emitting phosphor for white light-emitted diode-phosphor applications: the improvement of light output intensity
Authors: Tung Ha Thanh , Nguyen Thi Dieu An 
Published: December 2023

The use of CaO:Tb3+ with light green emission on for improvement of both luminescent output and chromatic fidelity of the white light emitted from a light-emitting diode (LED). The CaO:Tb3+ is combined with the yellow-emitting phosphor of YAG:Ce3+ to provide sufficient colored spectral proportion for the white light generation, enhancing the color performance. The phosphor combination is utilized for the three most applied LED structures: conformal, in-cup, and remote phosphor structures. The changes in optical properties of these three LEDs are monitored with adjustments in the proportion of CaO:Tb3+. The higher proportion of the green phosphor results in higher scattering efficiency in all structures, offering better color coordination and stronger luminous flux. The color quality scale is somehow reduced when CaO:Tb3+ concentration is more than a certain level. Therefore, depending on the phosphor configuration of the white light-emitting diode (WLED), the concentration of CaO:Tb3+ should be modified to achieve a good color rendition with improved color consistency and luminous properties.
Effect of proton radiation on gallium nitride light emitting diodes
Authors: Baba Tamana , Husni Muhammad Hazeeq , Saidin Norazlina , Hasbullah Nurul Fadzlin 
Published: December 2023

The compound semiconductor gallium nitride offers enormous potential for facilitating economic expansion in the silicon-based semiconductor industry, which is currently seeing decreasing performance returns compared to investment costs. Its high electron mobility and electric field strength at the material level have already demonstrated enormous potential for photonics and high-frequency communications applications. However, its application in devices used in the radiation-prone environment is hindered by degradation and failure caused by the radiation. In this paper, the effect of proton radiation on the electrical properties of InGaN light emitting diodes (LEDs) for the fluence range of 1×1014 cm-2 to 3×1014 cm-2 is performed. On comparing the results before and after radiation, it is found that radiation mainly affected the reverse IV characteristics of the device with little or no effect on forward IV or CV characteristics. Apart from the electric properties, the optical properties of the LEDs show improvement after radiation as the light intensity increases post-irradiation.
Financial relaxation of Islamic rural banks and private schools resilience during COVID-19
Authors: Riduwan Riduwan , Nuryana Zalik , Wahyudi Rofiul , Suyadi Suyadi , Handayani Lina 
Published: December 2023

<span lang="EN-US">The pandemic of COVID-19 has increased tensions between Islamic rural banks and private schools. Many parents lose their jobs and are thus unable to pay their children’s school tuition. Private schools, on the other hand, are heavily reliant on tuition and bank financing. As a result, student enrollment falls, school finances suffer a deficit, many parents and students lose trust in the school, and some students may wish to drop out. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of financial relaxation on schools’ resilience. It was qualitative research with a case study approach focusing on the causal relationship of an Islamic rural banks with a private school affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in Muhammadiyah 1 Yogyakarta Vocational High School and Islamic rural banks’ <em>Bangun Drajat Warga </em></span><span lang="EN-US">(BDW). The research finding reveals that BDW Islamic rural banks has implemented financing relaxation three times to ease the school’s burden and it has resulted in an improvement in the school’s resilience by as much as 33%. Besides, due to the high ideological commitment and adaptability of Muhammadiyah 1 Yogyakarta Vocational High School as well as the success of gaining parents’ trust regarding online teaching and learning, there has been an increase in the school tuition by as much as 80%. Although though the COVID-19 epidemic is coming to an end, it is still important to study the financial flexibility of Islamic rural banks and private schools in similar crises in the past to better prepare for the future.</span>
Trends in Infective Endocarditis Mortality in the United States: 1999 to 2020: A Cause for Alarm
Authors: Chobufo Muchi Ditah , Atti Varunsiri , Vasudevan Archana , Bhandari Ruchi , Badhwar Vinay , Baddour Larry M. , Balla Sudarshan 
Published: December 2023

Background
Data on national trends in mortality due to infective endocarditis (IE) in the United States are limited.

Methods and Results

Utilizing the multiple causes of death data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database from 1999 to 2020, IE and substance use were identified using
the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification
codes. Between 1999 and 2020, the IE‐related age‐adjusted mortality rates declined. IE‐related crude mortality accelerated significantly in the age groups 25–34 years (average annual percentage change, 5.4 [95% CI, 3.1–7.7];
P
<0.001) and 35–44 years (average annual percentage change, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.3–3.3];
P
<0.001), but remained stagnant in those aged 45–54 years (average annual percentage change, 0.5 [95% CI, −1.9 to 3];
P
=0.684), and showed a significant decline in those aged ≥55 years. A concomitant substance use disorder as multiple causes of death in those with IE increased drastically in the 25–44 years age group (
P
<0.001). The states of Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia showed an acceleration in age‐adjusted mortality rates in contrast to other states, where there was predominantly a decline or static trend for IE.

Conclusions
Age‐adjusted mortality rates due to IE in the overall population have declined. The marked acceleration in mortality in the 25‐ to 44‐year age group is a cause for alarm. Regional differences with acceleration in IE mortality rates were noted in Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia. We speculate that this acceleration was likely due mainly to the opioid crisis that has engulfed several states and involved principally younger adults.