bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of ZnCl2, H3PO4, and KOH activation on low‐temperature NH3‐denitration performance of activated carbon
Authors: Huang Bangfu , Li Wanjun , Shi Zhe , Yang Linjing , Wen Zhenjing , Zi Gaoyong , Luo Liubin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aims to explore the effect of the activator type, activation time, and activator concentration on the denitration performance of activated carbon (AC). Combined with denitration experiments, scanning electron microscopy, pore size analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization methods, an orthogonal experiment was conducted using zinc chloride (ZnCl2), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as activators to explore the interaction between various factors and their effect on the denitration performance of AC. The results show that the denitration rate of ZnCl2‐activated AC is generally low because a high concentration of ZnCl2 will block the micropores of AC and destroy the original structure. The denitration rate of H3PO4‐activated AC decreased with the increase in H3PO4 concentration, especially severe blockage occurred on the AC‐H3 surface. KOH activation can optimize the pore structure of AC and generate some oxygen‐containing functional groups, which is beneficial to improve the adsorption performance of AC. Orthogonal experiments showed that the activator type had the most obvious effect on the denitration rate, followed by the activation time, whereas reagent concentration had little effect on the denitration rate. The optimum activation condition was 3 mol L−1 KOH at 80°C for 3.5 h.
Small‐Molecule Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inducer Triggers Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
Authors: Ingle Jaypalsing , Tirkey Anjana , Pandey Shalini , Basu Sudipta 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum (ER) is highly critical for the sub‐cellular protein synthesis, post‐translational modifications and myriads of signalling pathways to maintain cellular homeostasis. Consequently, dysregulation in the ER functions leads to the ER stress in different pathological situations including cancer. Hence, exploring small molecules to induce ER stress emerged as one of the unorthodox strategies for future cancer therapeutics. However, development of ER targeted novel small molecules remains elusive due to the dearth of ER targeting moieties. Herein we have synthesized a small library of 3‐methoxy‐pyrrole‐enamine through a concise strategy. Screening of this library in cervical (HeLa), colon (HCT‐116), breast (MCF7) and lung cancer (A549) cells identified a novel small molecule which localized into the ER of the HeLa cervical cancer cells within 3 h, induced ER stress through the increased expression of ER stress markers (CHOP, IRE1α, PERK, BiP and Cas‐12) and triggered the programmed cell death (apoptosis) leading to remarkable HeLa cell killing. This novel small molecule can be explored further as a tool to understand the chemical biology of ER towards the development of ER targeted cancer therapeutics.
Entropy‐aware energy‐efficient virtual machine placement in cloud environments using type information
Authors: Mousavi Tayebeh Sadat , Shankar Achyut , Rezvani Mohammad Hossein , Ghadiri Hamid 
Published: November 2023

SummaryOne of the practical preferences of cloud service providers is to use specialized physical hosts. In other words, the goal is to place homogeneous virtual machines (VMs) on the physical host according to performance criteria such as energy consumption, resource wastage, and utilization. virtual machine placement (VMP) falls into NP‐hard knapsack problems. To overcome the time complexity, the use of heuristic and metaheuristic methods has attracted the attention of researchers. In this paper, we use an entropy‐based method for VMP for the first time. The proposed method tries to place the VMs on physical machines by considering the type of VMs to minimize entropy. Entropy is a measurable property that is more associated with disorder, randomness, or uncertainty. We use one of the most common entropy criteria called the Gini coefficient. In summary, among the different placement combinations of VMs, those that can minimize the Gini coefficient are preferred. We then solve the multi‐objective problem with the non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA‐III). We also combine this method with differential evolution methods to improve the quality of solutions. Recent research in other engineering fields has shown that combining metaheuristic methods with differential evolution methods increases the rate of convergence toward the optimal solution. The simulation results on the CloudSim simulator, along with statistical analysis, show that the entropy‐based method has a significant improvement over the state‐of‐the‐art methods in terms of significant performance criteria such as utilization, resource wastage, and energy consumption.
Application of ecohydrological criteria for the management of fisheries in the middle Paraná River (Argentina) during extreme low water levels
Authors: Espínola Luis A. , Baigún Claudio , Górski Konrad , Abrial Elie , Rabuffetti Ana P. , Garello Nicolas , Blettler Martín C. M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince 2019, there has been a long‐duration low water event that has no previous records in the floodplain of the Paraná River. This event highlights the lack of backgrounds and a lack of information on the socio‐economic and ecohydrological impacts, as well as the difficulty of implementing relevant management measures to address this hydrological condition. This scenario has triggered several environmental and socio‐economic conflicts associated with fishing activity. However, a conventional fisheries management approach with merely hydrological criteria is still carried out. This decoupling between the hydrological reality and the intensity of the fishing activity poses a threat to fish resources. The objective of this study was to discuss the application of ecohydrological criteria to advance the understanding of fish assemblage responses to the dynamics of hydrological processes in order to apply it to the management of the Paraná River fisheries, particularly in scenarios of extraordinary low water levels. We conclude that available knowledge does not include a comprehension of the effects of prolonged low water level on commercial fish assemblage recruitment and structure during prolonged low water levels, and there is not enough knowledge to establish criteria to define the sustainable management of fishery resources.
Prediction accuracy improvement of pressure pulsation signals of reversible pump‐turbine: A LSTM and VMD‐based optimization approach
Authors: Fang Mingkun , Zhang Fangfang , Cao Zhong , Tao Ran , Xiao Wei , Zhu Di , Gui Zhonghua , Xiao Ruofu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe reversible pump‐turbine plays an important role in hydropower stations, but pressure pulsation during their operation affects their performance and lifespan. Accurate prediction of pressure pulsation signals can provide an important basis for energy planning and stable operation of pumped storage units, thereby promoting sustainable development of the environment. This study introduces an optimization method that combines long short‐term memory (LSTM) and variable mode decomposition (VMD) to enhance the prediction accuracy of pressure pulsation signals. First, by decomposing the pressure pulsation signal into multiple relatively stable subsequence components using VMD, the characteristics of the original signal become more distinct. Subsequently, individual LSTM‐based time series prediction models were constructed for each modal function, and the hyperparameters related to subsequence were optimized using the sparrow search algorithm. To validate the efficacy of the proposed approach, this paper conducted experiments using pressure pulsation signals of a pump‐turbine obtained through numerical simulation. The experimental data was divided into training and testing sets, with the former used to train the LSTM model and the latter used for validation. The experimental results show that the optimized VMD with an optimized LSTM method can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of pressure pulsation signals in reversible pump‐turbine.
Delgadoana, a new replacement name for Delgadoa F.S.Santos, Snak & L.P.Queiroz (Phaseolinae: Leguminosae)
Authors: Deshmukh Umakant B. , Shende Mukund B. , Reddy Eanguwar Srinivas , Mungole Arvind J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe name of a newly described monotypic genus of woody lianas, Delgadoa F.S.Santos, Snak & L.P.Queiroz from Bahia is an illegitimate name because of later homonym of fossil Pteridophyte genus Delgadoa Heer, and hence according to article 53.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), a new name Delgadoana U.B.Deshmukh, M.B.Shende, E.S.Reddy & Mungole is proposed here along with a new combination for D. bambuicola F.S.Santos, Snak & L.P.Queiroz.
Stainless steel bipolar plates with rectangular micro channels by additive manufacturing: Effect channel width on fuel cell performance
Authors: Jin Chul Kyu , Kim Jae Hyun , Lee Bong‐Seop , Bae Sung Hwan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStainless steel bipolar plates (BPs) fabricated using innovative additive manufacturing techniques can improve fuel cell performance and reduce costs. A high current density can be obtained using a low‐cost membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with low platinum (Pt) loading at the anode, along with BPs with rectangular micro channels. Three types of BPs of serpentine flow field are designed after varying the width of the rectangular channel. Two types of MEAs are used. First is 0.12 mg cm−2 Pt loading at anode, and the second is 0.50 mg cm−2. Wherein MEA with Pt loading at 0.12 mg cm−2 is used, a high current density is obtained as the channel width decreases. The BP with 300 µm channels has a current density of 1.205 A cm−2, which is higher by 31.4% than that of BP with 500 µm channels and higher by 70.2% than that of the BP with 940 µm channels. However, when the MEA with Pt loading at 0.50 mg cm−2 is applied to the test, the opposite results are obtained: As the channel width becomes narrow, the current density decreases. In the long‐term operation, a similar trend in the current density as that of the short‐term operation is observed.
Richard A. Lerner – Little Known Facets of an Outstanding Man
Authors: Keinan Ehud 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRichard was mainly known as a gifted scientist, a charismatic leader, and an original and creative President. And he was my good friend and a role model for over three decades. The term impossible was not part of his vocabulary. I′ve learned from him that there is no limit to imagination and creativity, no limit to the number of assignments one can fulfill, and no limit to the magnitude of a dream one can turn into reality. Richard was blessed with the unique talent to quickly decipher the essence of people‘s thoughts and discover the hidden parts of their personalities, which allowed him to focus on what he defined as the most valuable issues and productive discussions. My experience with him included the joy of scientific discovery, the silent mode of human communication, the power of commitment and dedication, and the wildest sense of humor. Now, nearly two years after his departure, I feel free and obliged to share unknown stories and anecdotes that illuminate various facets of his personality.
Combinational antibody detection approach increases the clinical validity of colorectal cancer screening
Authors: Kobayashi Sohei , Hiwasa Takaki , Kitamura Kouichi , Kano Masayuki , Hoshino Tyuji , Hirano Sho , Hashimoto Mayuko , Seimiya Masanori , Shimada Hideaki , Nomura Fumio , Matsubara Hisahiro , Matsushita Kazuyuki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAt different stages of the disease, biomarkers can help to determine disease progression and recurrence and provide a personalized indicator of therapeutic effectiveness. The serological identification of antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning (SEREX) has identified five SEREX antigens.ResultsCompared with healthy donors, anti‐FIRΔexon2 and anti‐SOHLH antibodies (Abs) in the sera of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were markedly higher. Furthermore, no correlation was noted between five SEREX antigens and the three tumor markers (CEA, CA19‐9, and anti‐p53 Abs), indicating that anti‐FIRΔexon2 Abs are an independent candidate marker for patients with CRC. Generally, the levels of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Abs combined with clinically available tumor markers were determined to be significantly higher compared with CEA, CA19‐9. Moreover, in early‐stage CRC, the levels of anti‐FIRΔexon2 Abs combined with existing tumor markers were higher than those of CEA, CA19‐9.ConclusionDue to the highly heterogeneous nature of CRC, a single tumor marker is unlikely to become a standalone diagnostic test due to its commonly insufficient sensitivity and/or specificity. Using a combination antibody detection approach of tumor markers for CRC diagnosis has the potential to be an effective approach. Therefore, the use of serum protein biomarker candidates holds promise for the development of inexpensive, noninvasive, and inexpensive tests for the detection of CRC.
Artificial neural network‐based gene screening and immune cell infiltration analysis of osteosarcoma feature
Authors: Shi Shaoyan , Guo Yunshan , Wang Qian , Huang Yansheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to construct an artificial neural network (ANN) model that leverages characteristic genes associated with osteosarcoma (OS) to enable accurate prognostication for OS patients.MethodsOur research revealed 467 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) via gene expression contrast analysis, consisting of 345 downregulated genes and 122 upregulated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis illuminated functions primarily encompassing T‐cell activation, secretory granule lumen and antioxidant activity, among others. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, we discovered significant correlations between the DEGs and certain pathways, including phagosome, Staphylococcus aureus infection and human T‐cell leukemia virus 1 infection. We then screened out 30 characteristic DEGs (CDEGs) based on random forest analysis and constructed the ANN model using the gene score matrix. To verify the credibility and accuracy of the ANN model, we performed internal and external validation processes, which affirmed our model's predictive capabilities.ResultsThe study further delved into the analysis of immune cell infiltration and its correlation with the target CDEGs, revealing disparities in the infiltration of 22 types of immune cells across different groups and their interrelationships. Moreover, we probed the expression of the two foremost CDEGs (YES1 and MFNG) in OS and normal tissues. We noted a positive relationship between the expression of YES1 and MFNG in OS tissues and the clinicopathological characteristics of OS patients.ConclusionsCollectively, the findings of the present study validate the effectiveness of the CDEGs‐based ANN model in predicting OS patients, which might facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of OS.
Additional Impact of Aortic Regurgitation on Left Ventricular Strain and Remodeling in Essential Hypertension Patients Evaluated Using MRI
Authors: Yan Wei‐Feng , Yang Zhi‐Gang , Li Xue‐Ming , Tang Si‐Shi , Guo Ying‐Kun , Jiang Li , Min Chen‐Yan , Li Yuan 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundUnderstanding the impact of aortic regurgitation (AR) on hypertensive patients' hearts is important.PurposeTo assess left ventricular (LV) strain and structure in hypertensive patients and investigate the relationship with AR severity.Study TypeRetrospective.Population263 hypertensive patients (99 with AR) and 62 controls, with cardiac MRI data.Field Strength/SequenceBalanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) sequence at 3.0T.AssessmentAR was classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on echocardiographic findings. LV geometry was classified as normal, concentric remodeling, eccentric hypertrophy, or concentric hypertrophy based on MRI assessment of LV mass/volume ratio and LV Mass index (LVMI). LV global radial peak strain (GRPS), global circumferential peak strain (GCPS), and global longitudinal peak strain (GLPS) were obtained by post‐processing bSSFP cine datasets using commercial software.Statistical TestsANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman's correlation coefficients (r), chi‐square test, and multivariable linear regression analysis. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsHypertensive patients with AR had significantly lower LV myocardial strain and higher LVMI than the group without AR (GRPS 26.25 ± 12.23 vs. 34.53 ± 9.85, GCPS −17.4 ± 5.84 vs. −20.57 ± 3.57, GLPS −9.86 ± 4.08 vs. −12.95 ± 2.94, LVMI 90.56 ± 38.56 vs.58.84 ± 17.55). Of the 99 patients with AR, 56 had mild AR, 26 had moderate AR and 17 had severe AR. The degree of AR was significantly negatively correlated to the absolute values of LV GRPS, GCPS and GLPS (r = −0.284 – −0.416). LV eccentric hypertrophy increased significantly with AR severity (no AR 21.3%, mild AR 42.9%, moderate AR 73.1%, severe AR 82.4%). In multivariable analysis, the degree of AR was an independent factor affecting LV global strain and LVMI even after considering confounding factors (β values for global myocardial strain were −0.431 to −0.484, for LVMI was 0.646).Data ConclusionIncreasing AR severity leads to decreased cardiac function and worse ventricular geometric phenotypes in hypertensive patients.Level of Evidence4Technical EfficacyStage 3
Aneurysmal bone cysts: A UK wide tumor center experience
Authors: Bavan Luckshman , Eastley Nicholas , Stevenson Jonathan , Mifsud Maximillian , Bayliss Lee , Mahmoud Shady , Baker Gavin , Cusick Laurence , Nail Rebecca , Rankin Kenneth , Crooks Sophie , Cool Paul , Williams Derfel , Kandarakis Georgios , Duncan Roderick , Kothari Alpesh ,   The ABC Study Group
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis multicenter retrospective series of consecutive extra‐spinal aneurysmal bone cysts aims to identify risk factors for treatment failure.MethodsAneurysmal bone cysts treated within seven collaborating centers with over 12‐months follow‐up were eligible for inclusion. Survival analyses were performed to identify variables associated with recurrence using log‐rank tests and Cox proportional hazard regression.ResultsOne hundred and fifteen (M:F 60:55) patients were included. Median age at presentation was 13 years and median follow‐up was 27 months. Seventy‐five patients underwent surgical curettage and 27% of these required further intervention for recurrence. Of the 30 patients who underwent biopsy with limited percutaneous curettage as initial procedure, 47% required no further treatment. Patients under 13 years (log‐rank p = 0.006, HR 2.3, p = 0.011) and those treated who had limited curettage (log‐rank p = 0.001, HR 2.7, p = 0.002) had a higher risk of recurrence/persistence.ConclusionsThere is a high risk of recurrence following surgical treatment for aneurysmal bone cysts and this risk is higher in young patients. However, the cyst heals in a substantial number of patients who have a limited curettage at the time of biopsy.
Human otopathology in scleroderma
Authors: Castillo‐Bustamante Melissa , Roychowdhury Prithwijit , Gandhi Dhrumi , Kozin Elliott D. , Remenschneider Aaron K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveScleroderma is a complex chronic progressive immune‐mediated disease that causes fibrosis of the skin and internal organs, and vasculopathy.Ear involvement has been poorly studied in patients with scleroderma. Vasculitic and autoimmune mechanisms are considered as possible etiologies on hearing impairment, however, this etiology still unclear.Herein, we reviewed three cases of scleroderma from a temporal bone repository.MethodsThe national temporal bone database was reviewed for cases with scleroderma. Clinical case review and correlative otopathologic analysis. Middle and inner ear otopathologic analysis was performed following hematoxylin and eosin staining under light microscopy. Findings were compared to three age‐matched controls.ResultsTwo patients (three cases) with a history of serologically confirmed scleroderma were identified. Both individuals reported tinnitus and demonstrated bilateral moderate to severe down‐sloping sensorineural hearing loss on audiometry. Histologically, the incudomallear joint space was diminished and ossicles appeared demineralized. A loss of hyaline cartilage, and obliteration of the incudomallear and incudostapedial joint synovial spaces was observed. Decreased caliber and intimal hyperplasia of arteries adjacent to ossicles was also identified. Mild diffuse atrophy of stria vascularis in the middle and apical turns of cochlea were found. Hair cell populations were normal. Total spiral ganglion neurons were lower in cases of scleroderma (range 29%–51%) compared to age‐matched controls.ConclusionFibrosis, inflammation, and vascular changes were observed in the middle and inner ear in patients with scleroderma. Findings have implications for understanding hearing and vestibular dysfunction in this patient population.Level of evidenceRetrospective study.
Outcomes of Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy in Tremor Syndromes
Authors: Peters James , Maamary Joel , Kyle Kain , Olsen Nick , Jones Lyndsey , Bolitho Samuel , Barnett Yael , Jonker Benjamin , Tisch Stephen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe current literature comparing outcomes after a unilateral magnetic resonance image–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy between tremor syndromes is limited and remains a possible preoperative factor that could help predict the long‐term outcomes.ObjectiveThe aim was to report on the outcomes between different tremor syndromes after a unilateral MRgFUS thalamotomy.MethodsA total of 66 patients underwent a unilateral MRgFUS thalamotomy for tremor between November 2018 and May 2020 at St Vincent's Hospital Sydney. Each patient's tremor syndrome was classified prior to treatment. Clinical assessments, including the hand tremor score (HTS) and Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire (QUEST), were performed at baseline and predefined intervals to 36 months.ResultsA total of 63 patients, comprising 30 essential tremor (ET), 24 dystonic tremor (DT), and 9 Parkinson's disease tremor (PDT) patients, returned for at least one follow‐up. In the ET patients, at 24 months there was a 61% improvement in HTS and 50% improvement in QUEST compared to baseline. This is in comparison to PDT patients, where an initial benefit in HTS and QUEST was observed, which waned at each follow‐up, remaining significant only up until 12 months. In the DT patients, similar results were observed to the ET patients: at 24 months there was a 61% improvement in HTS and 43% improvement in QUEST compared to baseline.ConclusionThese results support the use of unilateral MRgFUS thalamotomy for the treatment of DT, which appears to have a similar expected outcome to patients diagnosed with ET. Patients with PDT should be warned that there is a risk of treatment failure. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.