bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of COVID-19 on Student’s Travel Behavior in Bangalore City, Karnataka
Authors: Kanimozhee S , Srikanth Seelam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 tragedy had a significant impact on travel and demand for transportation in India before everything returned to normal. The current study is focused on students’ travel behavior in Bangalore City because commutes to college and university were most adversely affected during the pandemic. The modeling of travel demand and transportation planning in and around educational regions depend heavily on the investigation of student travel behavior in large cities like Bengaluru. An online questionnaire survey was used to gather information about changes in travel behavior before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Gender, age, vehicle ownership, household income, travel expenditure, and travel distance all have a substantial impact on the primary trip taken according to the findings. It is also observed that the frequency of student trips reduced from 6 days per week to 3 to 4 days per week. The analysis also shows that many students chose to stay at home than PG or hostel post-COVID-19 due to concerns about the virus’s spread. To simulate the behavior change, multiple linear regression, and artificial neural networks were employed. The ANN model showed the best fit for forecasting travel behavior in terms of travel duration before COVID-19 and after the COVID-19 outbreak, according to the AUC values. The finding of the work can be used for better planning of their operations and services, especially, near colleges and universities.
Understanding The Prevalence of Eco Guilt and Eco Grief among Adolescents: A Salutogenic Approach Towards Building ‘Pro-Environmental Behaviour’
Authors: Nambiar Vaishnavi , Singh Suyesha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Negative emotions within the context of environment such as eco guilt and eco grief help individuals understand their impact on the environment and motivate them to act favorable to the environment. Antonovsky’s Salutogenic theory, specifically the sense of coherence model consisting of 3 components, namely, Comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness has been used as a foundation for explaining the concept of eco-guilt, eco-grief, environmental locus of control and pro-environmental behavior in adolescents. This paper aims to examine the relationship between eco-guilt, eco-grief, environmental locus of control and pro-environmental behavior among adolescents. The Eco guilt questionnaire, Eco grief questionnaire and Adolescent Internal Environmental Locus of Control Questionnaire were administered to the subjects to measure the prevalence of eco guilt, eco grief, and environmental locus of control, respectively, and General Ecological Behavior scale was used to assess pro-environmental behavior. Upon analysis, it was found that eco-guilt, eco-grief, and environmental locus of control shared a positive association with pro-environmental behavior among adolescents. Moreover, eco-guilt, eco-grief, and environmental locus of control were found to predict pro-environmental behavior among adolescents. Further investigation may be conducted to deepen the understanding of the relationship between eco-guilt, eco-grief and environmental locus of control and pro-environmental behavior.
Pollutant Dispersion in Atmospheric Boundary Layer Emitted by Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Singh Biri , Singh Devesh , Gupta Anupama , Paul Akshoy Ranjan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Dispersion from the polluted point source within the atmosphere is the major concern in the urban areas. The dispersion of Sulphur dioxide (SO2) from a power plant with a 60 m-high chimney is investigated in this study under different atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) of stable and neutral conditions. This paper presents the results obtained by numerical simulation by the discreet phase model using realisable standard k-ε model. For the air pollutants dispersion in the atmosphere boundary layer coming from the deportation of combustion gases ensuing from the fuel combustion in a thermal power plant. Navier-Stokes equation is used to simulate the dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere boundary layer. With this numerical simulation concentration of SO2 is determined as 0.093 kgm−3.
Role of Community-Based Organizations (CBO) in Formalizing the Informal E-waste Dismantling Sector of India: An Opinionated Perspective
Authors: Jishaant  , Chowdhury A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The informal e-waste dismantling community consists of individuals who recycle and dismantle electronic waste (e-waste) outside of formal regulations. This informality is due to a lack of knowledge about proper waste handling, complex formalization procedures, competition from the formal sector, and economic challenges. Community-based organizations (CBOs) play a vital role in addressing these issues. CBOs support the formalization of informal dismantlers by providing licensed workspaces, access to recycling technologies, and assistance in transitioning to the formal economy. Formalizing the informal e-waste dismantling community through CBOs ensures compliance with regulations, promotes sustainability, and provides economic opportunities and social benefits. Case study analysis revealed that E-waste dismantler communities formed Community level, Sub-provincial Level, and Provincial level representatives partnered with local government bodies and organizations to attain socio-economic stability. They also contribute to capacity building, collaboration, and access to resources, and markets, supporting the transition to a formal sustainable e-waste management system.
Environmental Concerns, Communal Orientation, and Environmental Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behaviour Among Young Adults
Authors: Singh Suyesha , Khanwani Geeta 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The quintessential era of 21st century is well-known for rapid industrialization and growth. Expansion of industrialization has resulted in massive environmental damage leading to several environmental concerns such as global warming, pollution, non-biodegradable wastes, and frequent climatic changes. To combat the threat of environmental damage, ‘Green or eco-friendly products’ has gained enormous attention from both commodities producers and consumers. In no time, there has been an increase in demand for eco-friendly products by consumers globally. Reports have that the young population showed a vigilant interest in adapting to green marketing strategies as a part of their daily routine. However, it is crucial to understand the underlying psycho-social factors responsible for young consumers’ decision-making process while engaging in green purchase behaviour as they will be significantly contributing to nature being the proactive and highly conscious generation. Therefore, the present study aims to understand the role of environmental concerns or attitudes, communal orientation and environmental self-efficacy as the predictors of pro-environmental purchase behaviour among young adults. The cross-sectional survey study was conducted on 150 young adults between the age range of 18-34 years. Psychometric tools i.e., pro-environmental purchase behaviour scale (PPS) [1], new ecological paradigms scale (NEPS) [2], communal orientation scale (COS) [3] and environmental self-efficacy scale (ESE-20) [4] were used for data collection. Mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation and regression analysis were computed to statistically analyse the obtained data. Findings of the study aid in gaining insight into motives and intentions related to pro-environmental behaviour engagement among young population. It will help in formulating better public and environmental interventions and policies for strengthening and safeguarding the environment and maintaining sustainability.
Nature Relatedness, Eco-centric Concerns, Future Time Perspective, and Pro-ecological Behavior in Young Adults
Authors: Jain Paridhi , Singh Suyesha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Human civilization poses a grave threat to global biodiversity, evident in climate change, species extinction, infectious diseases, food production challenges, droughts, and floods. To reverse this peril, societal structures and individual behavior must transform. Embracing pro-ecological behavior is pivotal in combating environmental issues, reducing waste, curbing pollutants, and minimizing harm. Furthermore, fostering a connection to nature, embracing sustainability, and adopting a long-term perspective can aid in resolving these challenges.
This research explores the link between nature-relatedness, eco-centric concerns, future time perspective, and pro-ecological behavior among 210 young adults. Utilizing multiple regression and Pearson’s correlation, the study reveals significant positive correlations between pro-ecological behavior and nature-relatedness, eco-centric concerns, and future time perspective. Moreover, these factors significantly predict pro-ecological behavior in young adults. These findings offer insights for developing strategies and interventions to nurture pro-ecological and sustainable behavior in future generations, bolstering environmental preservation efforts. The study discusses the limitation and their repercussions.
A comprehensive review of the application of modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for the removal of metals from wastewater
Authors: Abdullah Thamer Adnan , Rasheed Rashed Taleb , Adnan Mustafa , Qasim Bashar , Sajet Firas , Mansoor Hadeel Salah , Talib Haitham , Kadhim Mohammed Salman , Kułacz Karol , Meharban Faiza , Abdul-Zahra Zainab 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs), a type of carbonaceous material, have extremely distinctive qualities in terms of tensile strength, heat stability, electrical conductivity, catalysis, and adsorption. These properties rely on structure, length, and thickness. Carbon nanotube and metal oxide combination have been successfully used over the past few decades to create carbon nanomaterials with extraordinary features. The current study offers an outline of the developments in the theory, procedures, and chemical modification of CNT with metals or polymers. This review presents different synthesis methods of functionalized CNTs along with their properties and factors affecting their adsorption capacity. In addition, it explains the role of different functionalized CNTs in removing different metals like Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Cr6+, Ni2+, Tl+3, and Hg2+from wastewater. The adsorption capacity of these modified CNTs is in the range of 130–180 mg g−1. This review offers an essential understanding of the methods for creating multifunctional nano-hybrids for various applications and prospects of using nanomaterials for environmental remediation.
Enhancement of the electrocaloric effect in the 0.4BCZT-0.6BTSn ceramic synthesized by sol-gel route
Authors: Khardazi S , Zaitouni H , Neqali A , Mezzane D , Amjoud M , Abkhar Z , Lyubchyk S , Rožič B , Lyubchyk S , Kutnjak Z , Lukyanchuk I 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The lead-free ferroelectric 0.4Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.10Ti0.90O3–0.6BaTi0.89Sn0.11O3 (0.4BCZT–0.6BTSn) ceramics were successfully prepared by the sol–gel process. Raman spectroscopy was used to examine the structural properties of the 0.4BCZT-0.6BTSn sample. The findings indicate that the sample was well crystallized into a single perovskite structure. The phase transitions of the studied sample have been investigated using the DSC technique. The electrocaloric effect (ECE) properties were indirectly determined using the Maxwell approach. Under a relatively low applied electric field of 30 kV cm−1, the results show enhanced electrocaloric temperature change and entropy change of ΔT = 1.32 K and ΔS = 1.41 J/kg.K, respectively. Besides, the electrocaloric responsivity (ξ
max = 0.45 K·mm/kV) obtained is among the highest reported values in pb-free ferroelectrics near room temperature. These findings demonstrate that the lead-free 0.4BCZT–0.6BTSn ceramic is a promising candidate for solid-state cooling applications.
Contractile asymmetry and survival in patients with left bundle branch abnormality treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Kader Nareen , Holm-Nielsen Liv Therese , Tayal Bhupendar , Riahi Sam , Sommer Anders , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Kronborg Mads Brix , Stephansen Charlotte , Andersen Niels Holmark , Risum Niels , Søgaard Peter , Zaremba Tomas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
Currently, electrical rather than mechanical parameters of delayed left ventricular (LV) activation are used for patient selection for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). However, despite adhering to current guideline-based criteria, about one-third of heart failure (HF) patients fail to derive benefit from CRT. This study sought to investigate the prognostic survival significance of a recently introduced index of contractile asymmetry (ICA) based on the deformation of entire opposing LV walls in the context of selecting patients with HF and left bundle branch abnormality (LBBB) for CRT.

Methods and results
We analysed 367 patients with HF and LBBB undergoing CRT (31.6% females, 69 ± 9 years, ischaemic aetiology in 50.7%, LV ejection fraction 27 ± 6%). ICA was calculated using LV strain rate values from curved anatomical M-mode plots of apical 2D echocardiography images. The predictive value of ICA was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models. During a median follow-up time of 5.54 years, death or cardiac transplantation occurred in 105 (28.6%) cases. Higher baseline ICA values in all apical views, particularly in the two-chamber view (ICA-2ch), were associated with increased event-free survival, and the unadjusted hazard ratio was 0.28 (95% confidence interval 0.18–0.46). Higher ICA-2ch (&gt;0.319 s−1) consistently predicted survival across clinical subgroups and remained significant after covariate adjustment, while the event rate sharply increased in low ICA-2ch cases. Additionally, including ICA-2ch improved the predictive value of the multivariate risk model containing the typical LBBB pattern.

Conclusion
Pre-implant ICA suggests a quantitative prognostic threshold for both long-term survival and adverse outcomes following CRT implantation.
Unsupervised cluster analysis reveals different phenotypes in patients after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Kusunose Kenya , Tsuji Takumasa , Hirata Yukina , Takahashi Tomonori , Sata Masataka , Sato Kimi , Albakaa Noor , Ishizu Tomoko , Kotoku Jun’ichi , Seo Yoshihiro ,   JSE-TAVI investigators, Izumo Masaki , Okada Atsushi , Izumi Chisato , Inami Shu , Takeda Yasuharu , Onishi Toshinari , Izumi Yuki , Kumagai Akiko , Fukuda Tomoko , Takahashi Naohiko , Kitai Takeshi , Iwano Hiroyuki , Sugawara Shigeo , Akasaka Kazumi , Harada Kenji , Masaoka Yoshiko , Tanabe Kazuaki , Sakamoto Takahiro , Takamura Takeshi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study was to identify phenotypes with potential prognostic significance in aortic stenosis (AS) patients after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) through a clustering approach.

Methods and results
This multi-centre retrospective study included 1365 patients with severe AS who underwent TAVR between January 2015 and March 2019. Among demographics, laboratory, and echocardiography parameters, 20 variables were selected through dimension reduction and used for unsupervised clustering. Phenotypes and outcomes were compared between clusters. Patients were randomly divided into a derivation cohort (n = 1092: 80%) and a validation cohort (n = 273: 20%). Three clusters with markedly different features were identified. Cluster 1 was associated predominantly with elderly age, a high aortic valve gradient, and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy; Cluster 2 consisted of preserved LV ejection fraction, larger aortic valve area, and high blood pressure; and Cluster 3 demonstrated tachycardia and low flow/low gradient AS. Adverse outcomes differed significantly among clusters during a median of 2.2 years of follow-up (P &lt; 0.001). After adjustment for clinical and echocardiographic data in a Cox proportional hazards model, Cluster 3 (hazard ratio, 4.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.76–9.94; P = 0.001) was associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes. In sequential Cox models, a model based on clinical data and echocardiographic variables (χ2 = 18.4) was improved by Cluster 3 (χ2 = 31.5; P = 0.001) in the validation cohort.

Conclusion
Unsupervised cluster analysis of patients after TAVR revealed three different groups for assessment of prognosis. This provides a new perspective in the categorization of patients after TAVR that considers comorbidities and extravalvular cardiac dysfunction.
Risk of unemployment and work disability among refugee and non-refugee migrants with incident psychotic disorders in Sweden and Denmark
Authors: Mastafa Suborna , de Montgomery Christopher J , Pettersson Emma , Norredam Marie , Krasnik Allan , Taipale Heidi , Mittendorfer-Rutz Ellenor , Cullen Alexis E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Unemployment and work disability are common among individuals with non-affective psychotic disorders (NAPDs) but it is unknown whether rates differ among migrants and native-born individuals. The present study aimed to compare the risk of these outcomes during the first 5 years of illness in non-refugee migrants, refugees and native-born individuals with NAPDs in Sweden and Denmark—two countries with different immigration policies and models of early psychosis care.

Methods
Using national registers, we identified all individuals aged 18–35 years in Sweden and Denmark who received an incident NAPD diagnosis between 2006 and 2013 (N = 6750 and 8320, respectively). Cohorts were followed for 5 years to determine the days of unemployment and sickness absence (analyzed using zero-inflated negative binomial models) and the time to receipt of disability pension (analyzed using complementary log-log models).

Results
Relative to their native-born peers, refugees and non-refugee migrants in Sweden and non-refugee migrants in Denmark were significantly less likely to have zero unemployment days (OR range: 0.54–0.72) and all migrant groups experienced more unemployment days (IRR range: 1.26–1.37). Results were largely unchanged after adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical factors. In the adjusted model, both Swedish migrant groups and refugees in Denmark were more likely to experience zero sickness absence days than native-born individuals (OR range: 1.48–1.56). Only refugees in Denmark were at greater risk of disability pension.

Conclusions
Non-refugee migrants and refugees with NAPDs in both Sweden and Denmark are particularly vulnerable to experiencing unemployment. Targeted interventions may help to reduce these disparities and promote long-term work ability among migrant groups.
Quasi-geostrophic convection-driven dynamos in a thick spherical shell
Authors: Barrois O , Gastine T , Finlay C C 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYWe present dynamos computed using a hybrid QG-3D numerical scheme in a thick spherical shell geometry. Our model is based on a quasi-geostrophic convection code extended with a 3-D treatment of heat transport and magnetic induction. We find a collection of self-sustained, multipolar, weak field dynamos with magnetic energy one or two orders of magnitude lower than the kinetic energy. The poloidal magnetic energy is weak and, by construction, there is a lack of equatorially antisymmetric components in the Buoyancy and Lorentz forces. This leads to configurations where the velocity field is only weakly impacted by the magnetic field, similar to dynamos found in 3-D simulations where zonal flows and the Ω-effect dominate. The time-dependence of these dynamos is characterized by quasi-periodic oscillations that we attribute to dynamo waves. The QG-3D dynamos found so far are not Earth-like. The inability of our setup to produce strong, dipole-dominated, magnetic fields likely points to a missing ingredient in our QG flows, and a related lack of helicity and α-effect. The models presented here may be more relevant for studying stellar dynamos where zonal flows are known to dominate. This study was carried out at modest control parameters, however moving to lower Ekman numbers, when smaller values of both the magnetic and hydrodynamic Prandtl numbers can be of interest, our approach will be able to gain in efficiency by using relatively coarse grids for the 3-D magnetic and temperature fields and a finer grid for the QG velocity field.
Characterization and imaging magnetic minerals from ultramafic roots of a LIP: implication for deep crustal magnetic sources
Authors: ter Maat Geertje W , Church Nathan S , Oda Hirokuni , Pastore Zeudia , McEnroe Suzanne A 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARY
Satellite magnetic surveys have revealed features consistent with magnetization at depth in the lithosphere. Previous studies have reported magnetic minerals preserved in mantle nodules and in some eclogite facies rocks. Deep crustal rocks are another possible source for these deep lithospheric signals, but have not been extensively studied, in many cases due to the difficulty in obtaining samples unaffected by later near-surface alteration processes. Here, we used a combined approach involving petrophysical, rock magnetic and scanning magnetic microscopy (SMM) analyses on unaltered pristine ultramafic samples from the Reinfjord Ultramafic Complex in northern Norway. The focus was to identify the magnetic carriers using SMM and link the magnetic anomalies mapped in thin section to distinct rock magnetic measurements. The dominant magnetic carriers are Cr-magnetite exsolved from grains of Al-chromite, and magnetite exsolution lamellae from clinopyroxene. In addition, some samples have exsolved magnetite from Al-Cr-spinel and Fe-rich exsolution from Cr-spinel as carriers. Rock magnetic measurements suggest that these primary magnetic carriers, could retain magnetization to considerable crustal depths.
The association of safety-net program participation with government perceptions, welfare stigma, and discrimination
Authors: Pulvera Richard , Jackson Kaitlyn , Gosliner Wendi , Hamad Rita , Fernald Lia C H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Safety-net programs in the United States offered critical support to counter food insecurity and poverty during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) are both means-tested programs with significant benefits. Take-up of SNAP and EITC is lower in California than nationwide and reasons for this difference are unclear. We examined associations of participation in SNAP and receipt of the EITC and perceptions of the US government, 2 types of welfare stigma (program stigma and social stigma), and perceived discrimination. We interviewed a sample of 497 caregivers of young children from families with low income in California during the COVID-19 pandemic (August 2020-May 2021). We found that participation in SNAP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.24 [1.05, 1.47]) and receiving the EITC (OR = 1.39 [1.05, 1.84]) were both associated with greater reported perceptions of social stigma, but not with perceptions of government, program stigma, or discrimination. Among food-insecure respondents, we found that participation in SNAP was additionally associated with program stigma and discrimination. These findings suggest that perceived social stigma may be a reason that people with low income may not participate in programs for which they are eligible.
Creating a network of people affected by neglected tropical diseases in Liberia: the same secret we were keeping, they are keeping it, too
Authors: Zaizay Emmanuel Guyan , Joefay Francis , Dennis Decontee 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article is written by three people with lived experience of neglected tropical diseases in Liberia. We describe our journey to becoming peer advocates, why mental health is important to us, and our recommendations for challenging stigma and improving the mental well-being of people affected.