bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-radiation effect of MRN-100: a hydro-ferrate fluid, in vivo
Authors: Ghoneum Mamdooh , Badr El-Din Nariman K , Alaa El-Dein Mai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) severely harms many organs, especially the hematopoietic tissue, mandating the development of protective nutraceuticals. MRN-100, a hydro-ferrate fluid, has been shown to protect γ-radiated fish against hematopoietic tissue damage and lethality. The current study aimed to examine MRN-100’s protective effect against irradiated mice and explore the mechanisms underlying its effect. Mice received a single acute, sub-lethal, 5 Gy, whole body dose of X-ray IR. MRN-100 treatment was administered daily for 2-weeks pre-irradiation until 1-week post-irradiation. Spleen and blood were analysed for oxidative stress, hematological, histological and biochemical parameters. Radiation exposure markedly decreased complete blood count (CBC) parameters including hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells and lymphocytes, and significantly increased neutrophils. In contrast, MRN-100 supplementation to irradiated mice ameliorated all CBC parameters and protected against DNA damage in both splenic cells and serum. It also had an antioxidant effect, increasing the levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity, which were otherwise decreased by irradiation. MRN-100 intake reduced the oxidative stress biomarker levels of nitric oxide, protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker specific to DNA damage. Furthermore, MRN-100 enhanced serum iron and reversed the radiation-induced elevations of liver enzymes. Finally, MRN-100 protected splenic tissue from irradiation as observed by histology. We conclude that MRN-100 consumption may protect against oxidative stress generated by radiation exposure, suggesting that it may be employed as an adjuvant treatment to prevent radiation’s severe damage to important organs.
Gonadal Morphology of Stillborn Hawksbill Sea Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) Hatchlings
Authors: Rocha Emanuel Lucas Bezerra , da Silva Lucas Gabriel Verissimo Pinheiro , Barreto Isadora Natália Rocha , Magalhães Marcela dos Santos , Dias Lucas Castanhola , Matias de Oliveira Radan Elvis , Braz Janine Karla França da Silva , de Oliveira Moacir Franco , de Moura Carlos Eduardo Bezerra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate sexual dimorphism in stillborn hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) through gonadal morphological characterizations. Macroscopic, light microscopy, and transmission electron analyses were performed for 30 gonad-mesonephros complexes. Female gonads were spindle-shaped and present a translucent whitish appearance with a grainy texture. Male gonads were approximately ovoid with a smooth opaque white surface. A primary sexual difference concerns different marrow structures, with females presenting organized cellularity featuring oocytes, lacunae, and blood vessels, while males presented a distinct organizational medulla pattern marked by testicular cords extending throughout the gonad length. Ultrastructurally, female’s stroma presented interstitial cells and an abundant cytoplasm rich in electrodense droplets and large oval germline cells, with a conspicuous and noncentral nucleus. Males, on the other hand, presented testicular cord cells containing small amounts of heterochromatin and approximately triangular apical and basal cytoplasms with an evident nucleolus characteristic of support cells. Additionally, there were cells with a large spherical nucleus compared with the cell size and a relatively scarce cytoplasm, identified as gonocytes. These findings indicate that macroscopic, microscopic, and ultrastructural evaluations are effective and reliable techniques for the sexual identification of stillborn E. imbricata hatchlings.
Increased risk of malignancy in HLA-B27-positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis requiring biologics for sustained inflammation: A long-term, single-center retrospective study
Authors: Wang Kai-Chun , Sun Yi-Syuan , Tsai Hung-Cheng , Liao Hsien-Tzung , Lai Chien-Chih , Chen Wei-Sheng , Lu Ling-Ying , Chen Ming-Han 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To assess the link between the administration of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and the risk of malignancy in human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27)-positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) experiencing sustained inflammation.

Methods
Between 2006 and 2021, 1445 HLA-B27-positive patients with AS were retrospectively evaluated. Among them, 112 patients required bDMARD therapy. The study compared conventional therapy with bDMARDs and investigated the risk factors for developing malignancies.

Results
During 8253 patient-years of follow-up, 38 (2.6%) patients developed various malignancies, including lung, liver, breast, and colon cancer. The risk of malignancy was significantly higher in the bDMARD-treated group compared to PS-matched groups receiving conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARD) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The cumulative risk of malignancies increased significantly after 6 years of follow-up. All patients who developed malignancy after bDMARD therapy received tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors. Requiring bDMARD therapy, requiring bDMARDs in combination with csDMARD therapy, and being diagnosed with AS after 30 years of age were independent risk factors for developing malignancy.

Conclusions
HLA-B27-positive AS patients with sustained inflammation requiring biologic therapy, particularly if diagnosed after age 30, may have an increased risk of malignancy. Regular cancer screenings are advisable for these patients while undergoing biologic treatment.
Early full weight-bearing and gait exercise after cemented total ankle arthroplasty with a modified anterolateral approach
Authors: Sakata Manabu , Hirao Makoto , Noguchi Takaaki , Okamura Gensuke , Higuchi Yusei , Tabuse Yuki , Etani Yuki , Ebina Kosuke , Tsuboi Hideki , Miyama Akira , Takahi Koichiro , Takami Kenji , Tsuji Shigeyoshi , Okada Seiji , Hashimoto Jun 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
According to the conventional postoperative procedure after total ankle arthroplasty (TAA), mobilization and weight-bearing is currently started after completion of wound healing. Recently, early mobilization for dorsiflexion after TAA with modified antero-lateral approach was reported to be feasible and safe. To investigate the further possibility of expediting rehabilitation, this study evaluated the feasibility and safety of early full weight-bearing and gait exercise after cemented TAA.

Materials and Methods
This retrospective, observational study investigated 23 consecutive ankles (OA: 14 ankles, RA: 9 ankles) that had received cemented TAA with a modified antero-lateral approach. These ankles were divided into three groups 1. conventional postoperative protocol, 2. early dorsiflexion protocol, 3. early dorsiflexion+full weight-bearing protocol. Postoperative wound complications were observed and recorded. Number of days for hospitalization was also evaluated.

Results
No postoperative complications related to wound healing were observed even after early full weight-bearing and gait exercise. Days for hospitalization was significantly shortened in early full weight-bearing and gait exercise group (group 3) from 35-38 days to 24 days.

Conclusions
Within this small number of cases, early full weight-bearing and gait exercise from 7 days after cemented TAA was feasible and safe with the modified antero-lateral approach. Combination of early dorsiflexion mobilization and weight-bearing/gait exercise contributed to shortening the hospitalization day. Innovations in postoperative procedures for rehabilitation after TAA can be expected.
A case of systemic lupus erythematosus in a patient with Noonan syndrome with recurrent severe hypoglycaemia
Authors: Masuoka Shotaro , Tanaka Takashi , Kanaji Miwa , Furukawa Karin , Koshiba Keiko , Yamada Zento , Watanabe Eri , Kawazoe Mai , Ito Shun , Fuchigami Ayako , Nanki Toshihiro 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Noonan syndrome (NS) is a dominantly inherited genetic disorder with mutations in genes encoding components or regulators of the Rat sarcoma virus/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Its diagnosis is based on characteristic features, including typical facial features, a short stature, congenital heart disease, mild developmental delay, and cryptorchidism. Patients with NS sometimes develop autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and, rarely, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We herein present a 29-year-old Japanese female with NS complicated by SLE and repeated severe hypoglycaemia. The patient was diagnosed with SLE based on thrombocytopenia, nephritis, a positive antinuclear antibody titre (1:640), and a positive anti-dsDNA antibody. The patient was treated with a glucocorticoid, mycophenolate mofetil, and tacrolimus, which attenuated both SLE and hypoglycaemia. Since insulin receptor antibody levels were higher to the upper normal range and decreased after treatment, hypoglycaemia probably appeared to be attributed to type B insulin resistance syndrome. We herein present the first case of SLE in NS complicated by type B insulin resistance syndrome. Although NS is a rare disease, we need to consider the complication of autoimmune diseases, including SLE.
Risk Factors of Developing Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Shigellosis Patients, 5 Years After Hospitalization During the Outbreak
Authors: Soheilipour Maryam , Chahichi Atefeh , Mohajer Hamid , Ghomashi Niousha , Roohafza Hamidreza , Adibi Peyman 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be triggered by bacterial dysentery. This study aimed to investigate postinfectious IBS and its risk factors after the shigellosis outbreak in hospitalized patients.

Methods
This retrospective study was conducted in 2020–2021 in referral hospitals for Shigella gastroenteritis during the 2014 shigellosis outbreak in Isfahan. The Shigella-infected group included hospitalized shigellosis patients with clinical symptoms and positive stool culture. The control group included patients matched pairwise on age and sex to the Shigella-infected group, admitted to the same hospitals in the same period with diagnoses other than shigellosis. Both groups had no history of diagnosed IBS before the outbreak. The incidence of IBS (according to Rome-III criteria) and its related factors was compared between the 2 groups 5 years after infection.

Results
Of 619 participants, 220 (35.5%) were in the Shigella-infected group. The 5-year incidence of IBS was 31.8% and 5.7% in the Shigella-infected and control groups, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that shigellosis was significantly associated with increased risk of IBS (odds ratio [OR], 17.18 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 9.37–31.48]). Multivariate analysis indicated education level (OR, 4.15 [95% CI, 1.47–11.73]), diarrhea lasting &gt;4 days (OR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.17–2.44]), and abdominal cramps during the infection (OR, 0.27 [95% CI, .77–.95]) associated with postinfectious IBS (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions
Hospitalized patients with Shigella gastroenteritis are at increased risk of IBS within 5 years after infection. Factors such as higher education level and the absence of abdominal cramps and diarrhea persisting for &gt;5 days during hospitalization can further increase this risk.
CD155 is essential for skeletal muscle regeneration by regulating satellite cell proliferation and differentiation
Authors: Li Wenpeng , Zhang Yuan , Liu Yitian , Feng Chongyang , Duan Chujun , Zhang Zhixiang , Zhao Peng , Zhuang Ran , Ding Yong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCD155, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is closely related to cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration. CD155 is overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells to promote cell proliferation and is upregulated in damaged tissues as a stress‐induced molecule. The process of skeletal muscle regeneration after injury is complex and involves injurious stimulation and subsequent satellite cell proliferation. However, the role of CD155 in this process remains unelucidated. This study aimed to explore the role of CD155 in injured skeletal muscle regeneration and to clarify its effect on satellite cell proliferation and differentiation. Here, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and immunofluorescence results indicated that CD155 expression in satellite cells increased after skeletal muscle injury. CD155 knockout in mice impaired the regeneration of skeletal muscle. A bone marrow transplantation mouse model was constructed and revealed that CD155 on skeletal muscle tissues, not immune cells, affected muscle regeneration. In vitro, CD155 knockdown in myoblasts inhibited their proliferation and differentiation. The transcriptomic analysis also indicated that CD155 absence can impair the biological proliferation and differentiation process of myoblasts. Our research demonstrates that CD155 directly promotes injured muscle regeneration by regulating satellite cell proliferation and differentiation, which may be a potential therapeutic molecule for skeletal muscle injury.
Lumbar Decompression With and Without Fusion for Lumbar Stenosis With Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Sastry Rahul A. , Levy Joseph F. , Chen Jia-Shu , Weil Robert J. , Oyelese Adetokunbo A. , Fridley Jared S. , Gokaslan Ziya L. 
Published: January 2024

Study Design.
Markov model.

Objective.
To compare the cost-effectiveness of lumbar decompression alone (DA) with lumbar decompression with fusion (DF) for the management of adults undergoing surgery for lumbar stenosis with associated degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Summary of Background Data.
Rates of lumbar fusion have increased for all indications in the United States over the last 20 years. Recent randomized controlled trial data, however, have suggested comparable functional outcomes and lower reoperation rates for lumbar decompression and fusion as compared with DA in the treatment of lumbar stenosis with degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Materials and Methods.
A multistate Markov model was constructed from the US payer perspective of a hypothetical cohort of patients with lumbar stenosis with associated spondylolisthesis requiring surgery. Data regarding clinical improvement, costs, and reoperation were generated from contemporary randomized trial evidence, meta-analyses of recent prospective studies, and large retrospective cohorts. Base case, one-way sensitivity analysis, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted, and the results were compared with a WTP threshold of $100,000 (in 2022 USD) over a two-year time horizon. A discount rate of 3% was utilized.

Results.
The incremental cost and utility of DF relative to DA were $12,778 and 0.00529 aggregated quality adjusted life years. The corresponding incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $2,416,281 far exceeded the willingness to pay threshold of $100,000. In sensitivity analysis, the results varied the most with respect to rate of improvement after DA, rate of improvement after lumbar decompression and fusion, and odds ratio of reoperation between the two groups. Zero percent of one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses achieved cost-effectiveness at the willingness-to-pay threshold.

Conclusions.
Within the context of contemporary surgical data, DF is not cost-effective compared with DA in the surgical management of lumbar stenosis with associated spondylolisthesis over a two-year time horizon.
Single-cell landscape identifies the immunophenotypes and microenvironments of HBV-positive and HBV-negative liver cancer
Authors: Zheng Qian , Sun Qi , Yao Hong , Shi Ruoyu , Wang Cheng , Ma Zhijie , Xu Haojun , Zhou Guoren , Cheng Zhangjun , Xia Hongping 
Published: January 2024

Background:
HBV infection leads to HCC and affects immunotherapy. We are exploring the tumor ecosystem in HCC to help gain a deeper understanding and design more effective immunotherapy strategies for patients with HCC with or without HBV infection.

Methods:
Single-cell RNA sequencing series were integrated as a discovery cohort to interrogate the tumor microenvironment of HBV-positive (HBV+) HCC and HBV-negative (HBV−) HCC. We further dissect the intratumoral immune status of HBV+ HCC and HBV− HCC. An independent cohort, including samples treated with immune checkpoint blockade therapy, was used to validate the major finding and investigate the effect of HBV infection on response to immunotherapy.

Results:
The interrogation of tumor microenvironment indicated that regulatory T cells, exhausted CD8+ T cells, and M1-like Macrophage_MMP9 were enriched in HBV+ HCC, while mucosa-associated invariant T cells were enriched in HBV− HCC. All subclusters of T cells showed high expression of immune checkpoint genes in HBV+ HCC. Regulatory T cells enriched in HBV+ HCC also showed more robust immunosuppressive properties, which was confirmed by cross talk between immune cell subsets. The ability of antigen presentation with major histocompatibility complex-II was downregulated in HBV+ HCC and this phenomenon can be reversed by immunotherapy. Two types of HCC also present different responses to immunotherapy.

Conclusions:
There is a more immunosuppressive and exhausted tumor microenvironment in HBV+ HCC than in HBV− HCC. This in-depth immunophenotyping strategy is critical to understanding the impact of HBV and the HCC immune microenvironment and helping develop more effective treatments in patients with HCC.
Influence of the Method of Calculating the Effective Atomic Number on the Estimate of Fluorescence Yield for Metal Alloys of Biomedical Interest
Authors: Garcia Caroline V. , Souza Divanizia N. , Andrade Edson R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study evaluates the influence of the method used to calculate the effective atomic number (Zeff) on the estimate of secondary radiation yielded under kilovoltage x-ray beams by metal alloys with a wide range of biomedical applications. Two methods for calculating Zeff (referred to here as M1 and M2) are considered, and six metallic alloys are investigated: Ti-6Al-4 V, Co-Cr-Mo, Ni-Cr-Ti, Ni-Cr, Co-Cr-Mo-W, and Ag3Sn-Hg (amalgam). The results indicate significant differences in the estimates of fluorescence yield depending on the method used to estimate Zeff for each metallic alloy. Both the choice of the calculation method for Zeff and the energy ranges of the incident radiation are essential factors affecting the behavior of alloys in terms of fluorescence production. Our results may guide the selection of the best material for a biomedical application. The metallic alloys simulated here show equivalences and discrepancies that depend on the method used to estimate Zeff and the energy range of the incident photons. This finding allows for the creation of combinations of alloys and methods for calculating Zeff and the photon energy to maximize safety and minimize cost.
The Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor as a Severity Biomarker in Children With Acute COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Louka Magdalini , Tatsi Elizabeth Barbara , Vassiliu Sofia , Theoharis George , Straka Kalliopi , Filippatos Filippos , Dourdouna Maria Myrto , Siahanidou Tania , Syriopoulou Vasiliki , Michos Athanasios 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Elevated soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) has been associated with a poor prognosis in serious infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of suPAR in children with acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C).

Methods:
Serum suPAR was measured using the suPARnostic AUTO Flex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in hospitalized children with COVID-19, MIS-C, bacterial pneumonia, and healthy controls.

Results:
A total of 211 children with a mean (±SD) age of 6.9 ± 4.96 years were tested; with COVID-19: 59 (28%), MIS-C: 36 (17%), pneumonia: 78 (37%) and healthy controls: 38 (18%). In the acute phase, the levels of suPAR (mean ± SD) were: MIS-C: 8.11 ± 2.80 ng/mL, COVID-19: 4.91 ± 1.90 ng/mL, pneumonia: 4.25 ± 1.44 ng/mL and controls: 2.09 ± 0.47 ng/mL (P < 0.001). Children with acute COVID-19 and a severe or moderate clinical presentation had higher values than those with mild symptoms: 5.79 ± 1.58 versus 5.40 ± 1.94 versus 3.19 ± 0.73 ng/mL, respectively (P < 0.001). In the MIS-C group, children hospitalized in the intensive care unit and in need of mechanical ventilation had higher suPAR than those who were not admitted to an intensive care unit: 9.32 ± 3.06 versus 7.13 ± 2.19 ng/mL, respectively (P = 0.023). In children with COVID-19 or MIS-C, a correlation was detected between suPAR values and length of hospitalization (r

s
= 0.418, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The findings suggest that suPAR may be a valuable biomarker of disease severity in children with COVID-19 or MIS-C. This could facilitate the identification of children in need of intensive anti-inflammatory treatment, as it has been shown in adults with severe COVID-19.
Risk factors of more severe hypotension after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section
Authors: Li Yi-Shiuan , Lin Shih-Pin , Horng Huann-Cheng , Tsai Shiang-Wei , Chang Wen-Kuei 
Published: January 2024

Background:
The aim of this study was to examine the risk factors associated with the use of vasopressors to prevent hypotension that occurs after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section. Although the prophylactic use of vasopressors is already suggested as routine care in many parts of the world, the occurrence of spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension (SAIH) is still common in parturients.

Methods:
This retrospective study included parturients receiving elective cesarean deliveries under spinal anesthesia from April 2016 to March 2020. Risk factors related to ephedrine dosage were analyzed using a hurdle model, and risk factors related to SAIH were further analyzed with logistic regression.

Results:
Five risk factors, namely maternal body mass index (BMI, p < 0.001), baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP, p < 0.001), baseline heart rate (HR, p = 0.047), multiparity (p = 0.003), and large fetal weight (p = 0.005) were significantly associated with the requirement for ephedrine. Furthermore, a higher ephedrine dosage was significantly associated with maternal BMI (p < 0.001), baseline SBP (p < 0.001), baseline HR (p < 0.001), multiparity (p = 0.027), large fetal weight (p = 0.030), maternal age (p = 0.009), and twin pregnancies (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis also showed that the same five risk factors—maternal BMI (p = 0.030), baseline SBP (p < 0.001), baseline HR (p < 0.001), multiparity (p < 0.001), and large fetal weight (p < 0.001)—were significantly associated with SAIH, even in cases where vasopressors were administered.

Conclusion:
These findings can be useful for clinicians when deciding the dose of prophylactic ephedrine or phenylephrine to prevent SAIH.