bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 perturbation on US air quality and human health impact assessment
Authors: He Jian , Harkins Colin , O’Dell Katelyn , Li Meng , Francoeur Colby , Aikin Kenneth C , Anenberg Susan , Baker Barry , Brown Steven S , Coggon Matthew M , Frost Gregory J , Gilman Jessica B , Kondragunta Shobha , Lamplugh Aaron , Lyu Congmeng , Moon Zachary , Pierce Bradley R , Schwantes Rebecca H , Stockwell Chelsea E , Warneke Carsten , Yang Kai , Nowlan Caroline R , González Abad Gonzalo , McDonald Brian C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 stay-at-home orders issued in the United States caused significant reductions in traffic and economic activities. To understand the pandemic's perturbations on US emissions and impacts on urban air quality, we developed near-real-time bottom-up emission inventories based on publicly available energy and economic datasets, simulated the emission changes in a chemical transport model, and evaluated air quality impacts against various observations. The COVID-19 pandemic affected US emissions across broad-based energy and economic sectors and the impacts persisted to 2021. Compared with 2019 business-as-usual emission scenario, COVID-19 perturbations resulted in annual decreases of 10–15% in emissions of ozone (O3) and fine particle (PM2.5) gas-phase precursors, which are about two to four times larger than long-term annual trends during 2010–2019. While significant COVID-induced reductions in transportation and industrial activities, particularly in April–June 2020, resulted in overall national decreases in air pollutants, meteorological variability across the nation led to local increases or decreases of air pollutants, and mixed air quality changes across the United States between 2019 and 2020. Over a full year (April 2020 to March 2021), COVID-induced emission reductions led to 3–4% decreases in national population-weighted annual fourth maximum of daily maximum 8-h average O3 and annual PM2.5. Assuming these emission reductions could be maintained in the future, the result would be a 4–5% decrease in premature mortality attributable to ambient air pollution, suggesting that continued efforts to mitigate gaseous pollutants from anthropogenic sources can further protect human health from air pollution in the future.
Infection of tumor cells with Salmonella typhimurium mimics immunogenic cell death and elicits tumor-specific immune responses
Authors: Horiuchi Yutaka , Nakamura Akihiro , Imai Takashi , Murakami Takashi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Some properties of Salmonella-infected cells overlap with immunogenic cell death. In this study, we demonstrated that intracellular infection of melanoma with Salmonella typhimurium induced high immunogenicity in melanoma cells, leading to antitumor effects with melanoma-antigen-specific T-cell responses. Murine B16F10 melanoma cells were infected with tdTomato-expressing attenuated S. typhimurium (VNP20009; VNP-tdT), triggering massive cell vacuolization. VNP-tdT-infected B16F10 cells were phagocytosed efficiently, which induced the activation of antigen-presenting cells with CD86 expression in vitro. Subcutaneous coimplantation of uninfected and VNP-tdT-infected B16F10 cells into C57BL/6 mice significantly suppressed tumor growth compared with the implantation of uninfected B16F10 cells alone. Inoculation of mice with VNP-tdT-infected B16F10 cells elicited the proliferation of melanoma-antigen (gp100)-specific T cells, and it protected the mice from the second tumor challenge of uninfected B16F10 cells. These results suggest that Salmonella-infected tumor cells acquire effective adjuvanticity, leading to ideal antitumor immune responses.
Effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia on ocular and intraoral mechanical allodynia mediated via the calcitonin gene-related peptide in a rat
Authors: Katagiri Ayano , Kishimoto Saki , Okamoto Yoshie , Yamada Masaharu , Niwa Hitoshi , Bereiter David A , Kato Takafumi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Obstructive sleep apnea, a significant hypoxic condition, may exacerbate several orofacial pain conditions. The study aims to define the involvement of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in peripheral and central sensitization and in evoking orofacial mechanical allodynia under chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH).

Methods
Male rats were exposed to CIH. Orofacial mechanical allodynia was assessed using the eyeblink test and the two-bottle preference drinking test. The CGRP-immunoreactive neurons in the trigeminal ganglion (TG), CGRP-positive primary afferents projecting to laminae I–II of the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis (Vc), and neural responses in the second-order neurons of the Vc were determined by immunohistochemistry. CGRP receptor antagonist was administrated in the TG.

Results
CIH-induced ocular and intraoral mechanical allodynia. CGRP-immunoreactive neurons and activated satellite glial cells (SGCs) were significantly increased in the TG and the number of cFos-immunoreactive cells in laminae I–II of the Vc were significantly higher in CIH rats compared to normoxic rats. Local administration of the CGRP receptor antagonist in the TG of CIH rats attenuated orofacial mechanical allodynia; the number of CGRP-immunoreactive neurons and activated SGCs in the TG, and the density of CGRP-positive primary afferent terminals and the number of cFos-immunoreactive cells in laminae I–II of the Vc were significantly lower compared to vehicle-administrated CIH rats.

Conclusions
An increase in CGRP in the TG induced by CIH, as well as orofacial mechanical allodynia and central sensitization of second-order neurons in the Vc, supported the notion that CGRP plays a critical role in CIH-induced orofacial mechanical allodynia.
Benchmarking current preslaughter management factors, welfare indicators, and meat quality outcomes at commercial fed cattle processing facilities in the United States
Authors: Davis Melissa K , Sullivan Paxton A , Hess Ann M , Nair Mahesh N , Mooney Daniel F , Edwards-Callaway Lily N 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Preslaughter management factors and their impacts on cattle welfare and meat quality are well documented in current literature. However, certain management factors related to transportation and lairage are underrepresented. Benchmarking preslaughter management factors that can impact welfare and meat quality outcomes will allow the industry to identify areas for improvement. The objective of the current study was to benchmark preslaughter management factors for a nationwide sample of commercial fed cattle processing facilities. Five processing facilities in the West, Midwest, and Southwest regions of the United States were sampled from March 2021 to July 2022. Data were collected on a total of n = 637 slaughter lots representing n = 87,220 head of cattle. Variables of interest included general cattle characteristics, distance traveled to the plant, truck wait times to unload, environmental conditions, lairage density, and lairage duration. Additionally, mobility was scored using a four-point locomotion scale (one being normal, not lame, and four being extremely reluctant to move). Carcasses were also observed for bruising using the following scale: no bruises, bruises smaller or larger than a deck of cards, and having multiple bruises. Descriptive statistics were performed on the data at the lot and individual animal level. On average, cattle traveled 155.8 ± 209.6 km (mean ± SD) from the feedlot to the processing facility and waited 30.3 ± 39.7 min to unload. Once in lairage pens, cattle were held for 200.7 ± 195.0 min. The mean lairage stocking density was 3.1 ± 2.0 m2 per head. A majority of the cattle scored a mobility score of 1 (n = 77,645, 91.8%), 7.8% (n = 6,125) were scored as a two and the remaining less than one percent of cattle were scored as either a 3 or 4 (n = 265). Carcasses with bruises less than or equal to the size of a deck of cards (n = 22,672, 27.1%) were less frequent than bruises measuring greater than the size of a deck of cards (n = 34,427, 42.6%). Of carcasses that were bruised, 65.2% (n = 39,856) had multiple bruises of varying size. This baseline data on preslaughter management factors identifies opportunities for improvement in wait times, lairage densities, and factors that cause bruising. Future studies should explore the relationships between these factors and their impacts on welfare and meat quality, report the economic value of these outcomes, and explore industry acceptability and adoptability of optimal preslaughter management practices.
Shock and modified shock indices in predicting poisoning severity and outcomes in acute aluminum phosphide poisoned patients
Authors: Ghonem Mona M , Abdelnoor Amira A , Hodeib Aliaa A 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundSevere refractory hypotension and cardiogenic shock are the main contributors to death in acute aluminum phosphide (ALP) poisoning. Shock index (SI) and modified shock index (MSI) are easily obtained parameters that reflect shock at an early stage.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the role of SI and MSI in the prediction of the severity and outcomes of acute ALP poisoned patients.Patients and methodsThis cross sectional study was conducted on patients admitted to Tanta University Poison Control Centre with acute ALP poisoning from April 2022 to March 2023. Socio-demographics and toxicological data were taken, findings of clinical examination and laboratory investigations were recoded, SI was calculated by dividing heart rate over systolic blood pressure, and MSI was obtained by dividing heart rate over mean arterial pressure. Poisoning severity was assessed using poisoning severity score (PSS). Patients were divided into groups according to intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality.ResultsThe study enrolled 94 patients. The median values of SI and MSI were significantly higher in ICU-admitted patients and non-survivors rather than their comparable groups. Significant positive correlations were observed between each of SI and MSI and PSS. At cut-off &gt;1.14, SI conveyed fair performance to predict ICU admission and mortality (AUC = 0.710 and 0.739, respectively). Similarly, MSI had fair performance to predict ICU admission (AUC = 0.731) and mortality (AUC = 0.744) at cut-off &gt;1.47 and &gt;1.5, respectively.ConclusionBoth SI and MSI could be considered simple bedside adjuncts to predict ICU admission and mortality in acute ALP poisoning.
New molecular targets in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wallace Beth I. , Cooney Laura , Fox David A. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
This review will discuss selected emerging molecular targets and associated potential therapeutic agents for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-directed treatment.

Recent findings
Agents in active development for RA treatment include those targeted to CD40 and CD40 ligand, programmed death protein 1 (PD-1), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Several other molecules with a strong theoretical role in RA pathogenesis and/or demonstrated efficacy in other autoimmune diseases are also being evaluated as potential drug targets in preclinical or translational studies in RA. These targets include interleukin 1 receptor associated kinases 1 and 4 (IRAK1, IRAK4), tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2), bradykinin receptor 1 (B1R), OX40 and OX40 ligand.

Summary
Identification of molecular targets for RA treatment remains an active area of investigation, with multiple therapeutic agents in clinical and preclinical development.
Relationship of calcium and magnesium intakes with the dietary approaches to stop hypertension score and blood pressure: the International Study of Macro/micronutrients and Blood Pressure
Authors: Gibson Rachel , Aljuraiban Ghadeer S. , Oude Griep Linda M. , Vu Thanh-Huyen , Steffen Lyn M. , Appel Lawrence J. , Rodriguez Beatriz L. , Daviglus Martha L. , Elliott Paul , Van Horn Linda , Chan Queenie 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
Research investigating calcium and magnesium intakes from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) pattern and other sources in association with blood pressure is limited. We aimed to characterize sources/intake levels of calcium and magnesium in relation to overall diet quality (DASH-score) and determine modification effects with DASH score and blood pressure.

Methods:
Cross-sectional United States data (average dietary and supplement intake from four 24 h recalls and eight blood pressure measurements) from two separate visits, 2195 men and women (40–59 years) in the International Study of Macro/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure were analysed. Food-based adherence to the DASH diet was estimated. Linear models tested associations between each 1-point DASH score with blood pressure. Participants were stratified by adherence to sex-specific recommended allowance for magnesium and calcium intakes. Effect-modification was tested across DASH-score quintiles and median of urinary sodium.

Results:
DASH-score was inversely associated with SBP in fully adjusted models (−0.27; 95%CI: −0.38 to −0.15 mmHg). SBP was inversely associated with dietary calcium intake from DASH food groups: −1.54 (95% CI: −2.65 to −0.43) mmHg; calcium intake from other non-DASH food groups: −1.62 (95% CI: −2.94 to −0.29) mmHg. Dietary magnesium intake from DASH food groups (−1.59; 95% CI: −2.79, −0.40 mmHg) and from other non-DASH foods (−1.92; 95% CI: −3.31, −0.53 mmHg) was inversely associated with SBP.

Conclusion:
A higher DASH score showed a consistent association with lower BP suggesting a relationship between intakes of calcium and Mg with BP regardless of whether the source is part of the DASH diet or not, even when adjusted for supplement intakes.
The INTERMAP is registered as NCT00005271 at www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Ten-year follow-up of very-high risk hypertensive patients undergoing renal sympathetic denervation
Authors: Wang Li , Li Chao , Li Zhuqing , Li Qi , Liu Chunlei , Sun Xiaoqiang , He Qiang , Xia Da-sheng , Xia Dachuan , Lu Chengzhi 
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
Renal denervation (RDN) has been proven to be effective in lowering blood pressure (BP) in patients, but previous studies have had short follow-ups and have not examined the effects of RDN on major cardiovascular outcomes. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of RDN in the long-term treatment of hypertension and to determine if it has an effect on cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods:
All patients with resistant hypertension who underwent RDN between 2011 and 2015 at Tianjin First Central Hospital were included in the study. Patients were followed up at 1,5 and 10 years and the longest follow-up was 12 years. Data were collected on office BP, home BP, ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), renal function, antihypertensive drug regimen, major adverse events (including acute myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular death and all cause death) and safety events.

Results:
A total of 60 participants with mean age 50.37 ± 15.19 years (43.33% female individuals) completed long-term follow-up investigations with a mean of 10.02 ± 1.72 years post-RDN. Baseline office SBP and DBP were 179.08 ± 22.05 and 101.17 ± 16.57 mmHg under a mean number of 4.22 ± 1.09 defined daily doses (DDD), with a reduction of −35.93/−14.76 mmHg as compared with baseline estimates (P < 0.0001). Compared with baseline, ambulatory SBP and DBP after 10-years follow-up were reduced by 14.31 ± 10.18 (P < 0.001) and 9 ± 4.35 (P < 0.001) mmHg, respectively. In comparison to baseline, participants were taking fewer antihypertensive medications (P < 0.001), and their mean heart rate had decreased (P < 0.001). Changes in renal function, as assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and creatinine, were within the expected rate of age-related decline. No major adverse events related to the RDN procedure were observed in long-term consequences. All-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality rates were 10 and 8.34%, respectively, for the 10-year period.

Conclusion:
The BP-lowering effect of RDN was safely sustained for at least 10 years post-procedure. More importantly, to the best of my knowledge, this is the first study to explore cardiovascular and all-cause mortality at 10 years after RDN.
Relationship Between Retinal Hemorrhage on Green and Red Channels of Ultra-Widefield Fundus Images and Retinal Perfusion in Acute Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Sun Gongpeng , Wang Xiaoling , Yi Zuohuizi , Su Yu , He Lu , Zheng Hongmei , Chen Changzheng 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:To explore the relationship between retinal hemorrhage in the green and red channels on ultra-widefield fundus images (UWFIs) and the nonperfusion area (NPA) on ultra-widefield fundus fluorescein angiography in patients with acute branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods:This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with 96 patients, including 46 with ischemic BRVO and 50 with nonischemic BRVO. Correlation analysis between green channel hemorrhage (GCH), red channel hemorrhage (RCH), and NPA was performed. Panretina was divided into posterior and peripheral areas.Results:Ischemic BRVO showed significantly higher GCH% and RCH% than nonischemic BRVO in the peripheral regions (bothP< 0.001), while no significant differences were observed in the panretinal and posterior area (allP> 0.05). Significant correlations were found between NPA% in the panretinal and peripheral areas and the corresponding GCH% and RCH% (all P < 0.01). However, no significant correlation was observed between posterior NPA% and posterior GCH% or RCH% (bothP> 0.05). Additionally, peripheral GCH% and RCH% were related to panretinal NPA% (r = 0.506,P< 0.001; r = 0.558,P< 0.001).Conclusion:Retinal hemorrhage on UWFI was significantly associated with NPA, providing insights for assessing retinal perfusion status in acute BRVO patients.
CASE SERIES OF PROGRESSIVE RETINAL DETACHMENTS IN PERSISTENT FETAL VASCULATURE
Authors: Somani Nicole , Sheng Jiwei , Rao Prethy , Chang Emmanuel 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
Persistent fetal vasculature may be associated with tractional retinal detachment due to tractional contraction of the fibrovascular stalk. Persistent fetal vasculature is often believed to be congenital and nonprogressive. A rhegmatogenous component is far less common and is typically identified as a postoperative complication and has not been spontaneously reported. The authors present five cases illustrating potential progressive changes and complications that may arise in nonoperated persistent fetal vasculature.

Methods:
This was a retrospective case series of five patients who presented with progressive retinal detachments from persistent fetal vasculature.

Results:
Five unique cases of persistent fetal vasculature with significant progression from time of initial presentation, four of which included development of rhegmatogenous components.

Conclusion:
Patients with persistent fetal vasculature and a seemingly stable tractional detachment should undergo evaluation with a retinal specialist for risk stratification and management because rhegmatogenous detachments may occur due to ocular growth and stretch breaks, and tractional detachments can continue to progress over time.
Quantum Molecular Resonance Effects on Patients With Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shemer Asaf , Altarescu Aya , Nusbaum Lee , Vardi Maya , Dubinsky-Pertzov Biana , Hecht Idan , Or Lior , Einan-Lifshitz Adi , Pras Eran 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of quantum molecular resonance in the treatment of dry eye disease.

Methods:
This study was a double-blind randomized control trial in 1 academic medical center, for 2 years. Participants received treatment or a placebo with the Rexon-Eye device, once per week for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in dry eye symptoms assessed by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Secondary outcomes were clinical findings associated with the dry eye such as meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) score, tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer test, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Results:
Forty patients were recruited, 20 in each arm. The mean age was 63.5 ± 15.1 years and 27 (67.5%) were female. The mean OSDI score significantly improved in the intervention group from 19.15 ± 10.3 to 10.5 ± 7.0 (P < 0.001), whereas the control group showed no significant change (14.4 ± 8.4 to 15.5 ± 8.6, P = 0.830). MGD scores significantly improved in the intervention group (1.57 ± 1.2 to 0.8 ± 0.9, P = 0.006), whereas showing no significant change in the control group (1.60 ± 0.9 to 1.99 ± 1.0, P = 0.244). The corneal staining score also showed significant improvement in the intervention group (P = 0.045) and a nonsignificant decline in the placebo group (P = 0.50). No significant difference was seen in TBUT, visual acuity, and Schirmer scores between groups. No harm resulting from treatment was reported during the duration of the trial.

Conclusions:
High-frequency electrotherapy may have a positive effect on symptoms and signs of dry eye. This emerging technology may become part of the arsenal of therapeutic modalities for this condition.
Use of Cemiplimab, an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor for Conjunctival Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Ceylanoglu Kubra Serbest , Eisenberg Anne , Worden Francis Paul , Elner Victor Mauris , Demirci Hakan 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been recently introduced for the treatment of locally unresectable conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. We present 2 cases with conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) who were treated with ICIs.

Methods:
A report of 2 cases with CIN who were treated with systemic cemiplimab (350 mg IV every 3 weeks).

Results:
A 70-year-old man was treated with cemiplimab for metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The pre-existing CIN continued to progress over the nasal bulbar conjunctiva and cornea, while the other metastatic sites, including parotid glands, and neck lymph nodes showed a complete response after 16 cycles of treatment. An 84-year-old woman had bilateral diffuse CIN involving bulbar and lower eyelid palpebral conjunctiva. Cemiplimab was started because of the extent of involvement. While the bulk of CIN was reduced, it progressed over the cornea and forniceal conjunctiva on OU after 10 cycles of treatment. Excisional biopsies of conjunctival lesions after cemiplimab confirmed CIN in both patients.

Conclusions:
Although conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma tumors are reported to be highly responsive to ICIs, a similar effect has not been observed in 2 patients with CIN. Further studies are needed to evaluate ICIs in the management of CIN.