bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction Of LiCl From Low‐Purity Chlorides Through Solid Electrolyte Towards High‐Purity Li2CO3 Production
Authors: Lei Chong , Lang Jialiang , Wang Kuangyu , Liu Kai , Jin Yang , Wu Hui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLithium carbonate (Li2CO3) plays a crucial role in advancing state‐of‐the‐art lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) for efficient energy storage. The primary source of lithium is lithium‐rich brines, which have complex compositions. Conventional extraction processes from brines involve cumbersome methods that often lead to emissions and/or large volumes of wastewater. To address these environmental challenges, a novel and eco‐friendly lithium extraction process under ambient pressure is necessary. In this project, we developed an electrolytic process utilizing a NASICON‐type solid‐state electrolyte (LATP) to extract lithium chloride from low‐purity sources at a temperature of 380 °C. To reduce the melting points of the lithium sources, ZnCl2 was introduced as a fluxing agent. The electrolytic process effectively separated Li+ from other coexisting ions, but resulted in their mixture with Zn2+. Subsequently, purification and carbonation processes were employed to produce high‐purity Li2CO3 (98.9 %). We also obtained high‐purity Zn(OH)2 (>99.9 %) as a value by‐product. Despite the formation of color centers that caused the LATP disk to change from white to black during the electrolytic process, it exhibited sufficient ionic conductivity for successful lithium extraction. Our environmentally friendly approach offers a promising pathway for efficient and sustainable lithium extraction, contributing to the advancement of LIB technology for energy storage applications.
2023 Focused Update of the 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure
Authors:   Authors/Task Force Members:, McDonagh Theresa A. , Metra Marco , Adamo Marianna , Gardner Roy S. , Baumbach Andreas , Böhm Michael , Burri Haran , Butler Javed , Čelutkienė Jelena , Chioncel Ovidiu , Cleland John G.F. , Crespo‐Leiro Maria Generosa , Farmakis Dimitrios , Gilard Martine , Heymans Stephane , Hoes Arno W. , Jaarsma Tiny , Jankowska Ewa A. , Lainscak Mitja , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Lyon Alexander R. , McMurray John J.V. , Mebazaa Alexandre , Mindham Richard , Muneretto Claudio , Francesco Piepoli Massimo , Price Susanna , Rosano Giuseppe M.C. , Ruschitzka Frank , Skibelund Anne Kathrine ,   ESC Scientific Document Group
Published: January 2024

AbstractDocument Reviewers: Rudolf A. de Boer (CPG Review Co‐ordinator) (Netherlands), P. Christian Schulze (CPG Review Co‐ordinator) (Germany), Elena Arbelo (Spain), Jozef Bartunek (Belgium), Johann Bauersachs (Germany), Michael A. Borger (Germany), Sergio Buccheri (Sweden), Elisabetta Cerbai (Italy), Erwan Donal (France), Frank Edelmann (Germany), Gloria Färber (Germany), Bettina Heidecker (Germany), Borja Ibanez (Spain), Stefan James (Sweden), Lars Køber (Denmark), Konstantinos C. Koskinas (Switzerland), Josep Masip (Spain), John William McEvoy (Ireland), Robert Mentz (United States of America), Borislava Mihaylova (United Kingdom), Jacob Eifer Møller (Denmark), Wilfried Mullens (Belgium), Lis Neubeck (United Kingdom), Jens Cosedis Nielsen (Denmark), Agnes A. Pasquet (Belgium), Piotr Ponikowski (Poland), Eva Prescott (Denmark), Amina Rakisheva (Kazakhstan), Bianca Rocca (Italy), Xavier Rossello (Spain), Leyla Elif Sade (United States of America/Türkiye), Hannah Schaubroeck (Belgium), Elena Tessitore (Switzerland), Mariya Tokmakova (Bulgaria), Peter van der Meer (Netherlands), Isabelle C. Van Gelder (Netherlands), Mattias Van Heetvelde (Belgium), Christiaan Vrints (Belgium), Matthias Wilhelm (Switzerland), Adam Witkowski (Poland), and Katja Zeppenfeld (Netherlands)All experts involved in the development of this Focused Update have submitted declarations of interest. These have been compiled in a report and simultaneously published in a supplementary document to the Focused Update. The report is also available on the ESC website www.escardio.org/guidelinesSee the European Heart Journal online for supplementary documents that include evidence tables.
Reactivity of an Iron Carbonyl Dianion Dictated by a Lewis Basic Appendant
Authors: Zhang Xiaohu , Guo Xueying , Chu Jiaxiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStudies toward transition metals in negative oxidation states are much less explored compared to those in zero or positive oxidation states. In this study, we present the synthesis and reactivity studies of an Fe(‐II) carbonyl dianion (3) featuring an appended Lewis base, [(L)Fe(CO)3]2− (L=Ph2PCH2CH2NMe2). Unlike the well‐known reactivity of [Fe(CO)4]2− with common electrophiles (E+) which typically forms [(E)2Fe(CO)4], 3 reacted with 2 equiv. of Ph3SnCl to afford a mixture of two products: one being an Fe(II) bis(triphenylstannyl) product (4), and the other an Fe stannylene product (5). Further insights into the reactivity of 3 was elucidated through its reactions with 2 equiv. of Cy3SnCl or Me3SiCl, producing an Fe(II) bis(tricyclohexylstannyl) product (8) and a zwitterionic complex (11), respectively, the latter emerging via THF ring‐opening. Intermediates generated from reactions of 3 with 1 equiv. of each electrophile were isolated to shed light on the reaction mechanisms, highlighting the influence of appended Lewis base on the reactivity of metal carbonyl dianions, especially the generation of the novel stannylene complex 5. The electronic structure of this paramagnetic stannylene complex was also investigated by computational studies.
Productivity enhancement techniques for tubular solar still—A review
Authors: Sambare Ritesh Krishna , Dewangan Satish Kumar , Gupta Pankaj Kumar , Joshi Sandeep 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccess to safe drinking water remains a global challenge, primarily due to the prevalence of water contamination in various regions. Numerous methods have been explored to address this issue and convert polluted water into potable sources. However, the cost associated with these methods often hinders their widespread adoption. Solar distillation, harnessed by abundant solar energy, emerges as a promising and sustainable solution. Although solar distillation technology has made significant advancements in recent years, the endeavor to boost its efficiency remains a substantial challenge. Typically, solar stills yield between 4 and 6 liters of fresh water per square meter of solar still per day under ideal circumstances. Notably, both single‐basin and double‐basin solar stills have been extensively researched to discover methods for enhancing their productivity. A notable innovation in this field, the tubular solar still (TSS), has gained recognition for its capacity to improve productivity. The present review article systematically examines the development of efficient and cost‐effective solar distillation systems on a global scale. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature pertaining to techniques employed to enhance TSS performance. The study categorizes these techniques, conducts in‐depth evaluations of both experimental and simulation studies, and offers a meticulous comparison of various strategies to optimize TSS functionality. Furthermore, the article identifies existing research gaps and puts forth prospective directions for advancing TSS efficiency.
A 3E analysis of a multi‐power generation system employing CO2, LNG, and Organic Rankine cycles
Authors: Dadpour Daryoush , Deymi‐Dashtebayaz Mahdi , Delpisheh Mostafa , Naghibi Fard Seyed Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOne avenue in increasing the energy efficiency of energy systems is through utilizing the thermal energy of flue gases of industrial plants. On this thread, herein, a novel combined cascade cycle for heat recovery of flue gases of an industrial plant is proposed comprising of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC), high‐pressure transcritical CO2 cycle, transcritical CO2 cycle, and a liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification cycle. System analysis is conducted using energy, exergy, and eco‐exergy equations. The optimization is carried out using the TOPSIS multi‐objective method. Exergy efficiency, net output work, and cost are identified as the optimization objectives. The optimization process focused on fine‐tuning variables including the vapor generator pinch point temperature, ORC turbine inlet pressure, ORC condenser pressure, and ORC condenser pinch point temperature, with optimal values gauged at 19.31°C, 29.59 bar, 1.413 bar, and 14.52°C, respectively. The preheater had the largest exergy destruction share, followed by the heat exchanger unit. The analysis showed that the ORC condenser pressure and temperature difference between two working fluids in the heat exchanger were the most critical parameters in the proposed cycle, significantly affecting the system performance. Accordingly, the exergy efficiency, net output work, and cost values in the optimal state were equal to 15.2%, 6416 kW, and 0.7457 $/s, respectively. The advantages of the proposed system include efficient heat recovery through the coupling of the multiple cycles and enhanced energy conversion pertinent to a wider range of temperatures, maximizing the overall energy extraction from the waste heat.
Forecasting carbon price using signal processing technology and extreme gradient boosting optimized by the whale optimization algorithm
Authors: Duan Yonghui , Zhang Jingyi , Wang Xiang , Feng Mengdan , Ma Lanlan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPredicting carbon prices is crucial for the growth of China's carbon trading industry. This paper proposes a residual correction model that considers multiple influencing factors. First, the best historical data and main external factors input by the model are determined by using the partial autocorrelation function and Spearman correlation analysis, and the carbon price forecasting index system is constructed. Second, the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is utilized to determine the optimal parameters of the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and the WOA‐XGBoost model is built to perform preliminary carbon price forecasts and obtain the residual series. Finally, the carbon price residual series undergoes decomposition into multiple components utilizing the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition for subsequent forecasting and the aggregation of outcomes. Experiments are conducted to predict two carbon trading markets in Hubei and Guangzhou, and a feature importance analysis is performed. The results indicate that the proposed hybrid model consistently outperforms the comparative models in terms of prediction accuracy. Furthermore, it is revealed that historical carbon prices and European Union carbon prices are the key factors influencing the prediction of carbon market prices.
A novel energy optimization framework to enhance the performance of sensor nodes in Industry 4.0
Authors: Sivakumar Sangeetha , Logeshwaran Jaganathan , Kannadasan Raju , Faheem Muhammad , Ravikumar Dhanasekar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIndustry 4.0 is a term used to refer to the fourth industrial revolution, characterized by the introduction of new technologies, such as the Internet of Things, Big Data, and artificial intelligence (AI). As the number of connected devices in industrial settings grows, energy optimization of such sensors becomes increasingly essential. This paper proposes an energy optimization framework for sensor nodes in Industry 4.0. The framework is based on energy efficiency, energy conservation, and energy harvesting principles. It is designed to optimize the energy consumption of sensor nodes while maintaining their performance. The framework includes dynamic power management, scheduling, and harvesting techniques to reduce energy consumption while maintaining performance. In addition, the framework provides a comprehensive approach to energy optimization, including advanced analytics and AI to predict energy consumption and optimize energy use. The proposed model reached 96.93% sensitivity, 91.36% false discovery rate, 11.28% false omission rate, 90.12% prevalence threshold, and 91.24% threat score. The proposed framework is expected to improve the performance of sensor nodes in Industry 4.0, enabling increased efficiency and cost savings.
Thirteen‐gene DNA methylation analysis of oral brushing samples: A potential surveillance tool for periodic monitoring of treated patients with oral cancer
Authors: Gissi Davide B. , Rossi Roberto , Lenzi Jacopo , Tarsitano Achille , Gabusi Andrea , Balbi Tiziana , Montebugnoli Lucio , Marchetti Claudio , Foschini Maria Pia , Morandi Luca 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated the prognostic role of 13‐gene DNA methylation analysis by oral brushing repeatedly performed during the follow‐up of patients surgically treated for oral cancer.MethodsThis is a nested case–control study including 61 patients for a total of 64 outcomes (2/61 patients experienced multiple relapses). Samples were collected at baseline (4–10 months after OSCC resection) and repeatedly every 4–10 months until relapse or death. DNA methylation scores were classified as persistently positive, persistently negative, or mixed.ResultsTwenty cases who had persistently positive scores and 30 cases with mixed scores had, respectively, an almost 42‐fold (p < 0.001) and 32‐fold (p = 0.006) higher likelihood of relapse, compared to 14 patients with persistently negative scores. The last score before reoccurrence was positive in 18/19 secondary events.ConclusionsThe 13‐gene DNA methylation analysis may be considered for the surveillance of patients treated for oral carcinoma.
Assessing the status of oral health integration in South East Asian Regional Office countries' Universal Health Coverage–A scoping review
Authors: Acharya Shashidhar , Mathur Manu Raj , Tadakamadla Santosh Kumar , Brand Angela 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundOral diseases affect close to 3.5 billion people worldwide and there has been a call by the World Health Organization (WHO) to integrate oral health into the Universal Health Coverage (UHC) agenda.ObjectivesTo collate and synthesise information regarding the status of integration of oral health into the health systems covered by UHC across the 11 countries in the South East Asian Regional Office.MethodsDrawing on the framework of the six building blocks of health systems as devised by WHO, we compared the public dental care coverage models, with a focus on outpatient dental care in these countries. We gathered this information from publicly available resources, databases and peer‐reviewed publications to populate the template guided by the WHO Health System Building Blocks.ResultsWe found a poor access to oral health care, lopsided distribution of manpower, rickety health information systems, and private sector domination and inadequate or absent financing mechanisms for outpatient procedures. The private sector was dominant in all countries except Thailand and Srilanka. Financing was absent in most countries and deficient in Thailand and Indonesia. Dental workforce was deficient in most countries except India, Srilanka, and Thailand. Health information systems were weak with no dental items under price control. Better UHC indicators did not guarantee a lower oral disease burden.ConclusionsOur review highlighted the close connection between service quality and human resources, governance, and finance. There is a need to establish standardised dental treatment guidelines that are uniformly adopted across countries, integrate oral health into national health and development programs, push for functional oral health research through collecting robust surveillance, economic, and social impact data and the development of cost‐effective strategies tailored to each country's unique needs.
Cross‐border buyout exit success
Authors: Tian Siyang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the importance of institutional contexts in cross‐border buyout exit success. After tracking 2639 cross‐border buyout investments during 1998–2007 in 38 countries and regions as of 2016, I find that the higher the institutional quality of the country where the portfolio company is located, the higher the probability of a successful exit via IPO or M&A. The larger the institutional distance between the portfolio company country and the private equity (PE) firm country, the lower the exit success, while PE firms' international experience, industrial experience, and reputation help improve exit success. Further, their industrial experience and the establishment of a local office mitigate the adverse effects of institutional distance.
Research progress in failure mechanisms and electrolyte modification of high‐voltage nickel‐rich layered oxide‐based lithium metal batteries
Authors: Liu Jiandong , Hu Xinhong , Qi Shihan , Ren Yurong , Li Yong , Ma Jianmin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh‐voltage nickel (Ni)‐rich layered oxide‐based lithium metal batteries (LMBs) exhibit a great potential in advanced batteries due to the ultra‐high energy density. However, it is still necessary to deal with the challenges in poor cyclic and thermal stability before realizing practical application where cycling life is considered. Among many improved strategies, mechanical and chemical stability for the electrode electrolyte interface plays a key role in addressing these challenges. Therefore, extensive effort has been made to address the challenges of electrode‐electrolyte interface. In this progress, the failure mechanism of Ni‐rich cathode, lithium metal anode and electrolytes are reviewed, and the latest breakthrough in stabilizing electrode‐electrolyte interface is also summarized. Finally, the challenges and future research directions of Ni‐rich LMBs are put forward.image
Matrix‐based molecular mechanisms, targeting and diagnostics in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mastronikolis Nicholas S. , Kyrodimos Efthymios , Piperigkou Zoi , Spyropoulou Despoina , Delides Alexander , Giotakis Evangelos , Alexopoulou Miranda , Bakalis Nick A. , Karamanos Nikos K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a head and neck cancer (HNC) with a high mortality rate. OSCC is developed in the oral cavity and it is triggered by many etiologic factors and can metastasize both regionally and distantly. Recent research advances in OSCC improved our understanding on the molecular mechanisms involved in and the initiation of OSCC metastasis. The key roles of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in OSCC are an emerging area of intensive research as the ECM macromolecular network is actively involved in events that regulate cellular morphological and functional properties, transcription and cell signaling mechanisms in invasion and metastasis. The provisional matrix that is formed by cancer cells is profoundly different in composition and functions as compared with the matrix of normal tissue. Fibroblasts are mainly responsible for matrix production and remodeling, but in cancer, the tumor matrix in the tumor microenvironment (TME) also originates from cancer cells. Even though extensive research has been conducted on the role of ECM in regulating cancer pathogenesis, its role in modulating OSCC is less elucidated since there are several issues yet to be fully understood. This critical review is focused on recent research as to present and discuss on the involvement of ECM macromolecular effectors (i.e., proteoglycans, integrins, matrix metalloproteinases) in OSCC development and progression.
Flat Small Intestinal Mucosa and Autoantibodies Against the Gut Epithelium
Authors: Unsworth Joseph , Hutchins Paul , Mitchell John , Phillips Alan , Hindocha Previn , Holborow John , Walker‐Smith John 
Published: January 2024

SummaryA male infant, aged 1 year 3 months, was admitted to the hospital with protracted diarrhoea, vomiting, and weight loss. The diarrhoea and vomiting coincided with an outbreak of acute diarrhoea and vomiting affecting other family members. Biopsy showed a flat small intestinal mucosa which did not respond to a diet free of gluten, cow's milk, and eggs, or during 8 weeks of intravenous alimentation. Steroids were given, and courses of nalcrom and later cimetidine, but these did not produce any significant improvement. A rare IgG autoantibody specific for gut epithelium was found, which, when present, was associated with a cytological abnormality of crypt enteroblasts. The autoantibody disappeared after treatment with cyclophosphamide, and the cytological abnormality subsequently diminished. However, the mucosa remained severely abnormal and has been so for 23 months. It is possible that an autoimmune reaction against the patient's small intestinal mucosa has led to persistence of the enteropathy.
Morphometric Study of the Jejunal Mucosa in Various Childhood Enteropathies with Special Reference to Intraepithelial Lymphocytes
Authors: Kuitunen P. , Kosnai I. , Savilahti E. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryA morphometric study of intraepithelial (IE) lymphocytes per 100 epithelial cells, villous heights (VH), crypt depths (CrD). and epithelial cell heights (ECH) was made on jejunal specimens of 17 patients with cow's‐milk allergy (CMA), 52 with celiac disease (CD), seven with congenital lactase deficiency (CLD), four with acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE), four with giardiasis, and four with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). The aim of this study was to investigate how the morphometric parameters correlate with each other. All cases with CMA, CD, and DH had villous atrophy with hyperplasia of the crypts, both signs being more severe in cases with CD and DH than with CMA. IE lymphocyte infiltration was more intense in specimens of patients with CD and DH (mean 76.0), than those with CMA (mean 62.5). The ECH were equally reduced in patients with CD and CMA. In a follow‐up specimen at 1 year and 10 months for CD patients and 11 months for CMA patients the inflammation was reduced, and the VH were increased but still differed from the controls. In CLD cases the morphology of the villi and crypts of the jejunum was quite normal, with no IE lymphocyte infiltration: ECH were reduced. Minor morphological changes were seen in the specimens of patients with AE and giardiasis. In the whole study group there was a significant linear correlation, either positive or negative, between all variables measured (IE lymphocytes, VH, CrD, and ECH).
Delivery of Vitamins E and C from Parenteral Alimentation Solution
Authors: Shenai Jayant P. , Borum Peggy R. , Duke Elizabeth A. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryWe have previously shown that substantial losses of fat‐soluble (FS) vitamin A from parenteral alimentation solution occur due to adsorption in the intravenous tubing and photodegradation in the bottle. This study assessed the delivery of other vitamins, viz. FS vitamin E and water‐soluble (WS) vitamin C, from parenteral alimentation solution. The solution containing 2.0 ml/L of an aqueous multivitamin infusion was infused at a constant rate of 10 ml/h using a standard intravenous administration set. Multiple aliquots of the solution from the bottle and the effluent obtained sequentially in a 24‐h period were analyzed for concentrations of vitamins E and C. Both vitamins remained relatively stable in the bottle. A significant amount (12%) of vitamin E was lost in the intravenous tubing. No losses of vitamin C were incurred in the intravenous tubing. The data suggest that delivery of FS vitamin E from parenteral alimentation solutions is less than optimum because of adsorptive losses. Similar losses are not encountered with WS vitamin C.