bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multicenter case–controlled study on laparoscopic hepatectomy versus microwave ablation as first-line therapy for 3–5 cm hepatocellular carcinoma in patients aged 60 and older
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zhang Hua , Meng Qiong , Zhang De-zhi , Wu Song-song , Hong Zhi-xian , He Guang-bin , Yang Hong , Xiang Bang-de , Li Xiao , Jiang Tian-an , Li Kai , Tang Zhe , Huang Fei , Lu Man , Liu Cun , Yu Xiao-ling , Cheng Zhi-gang , Liu Fang-yi , Han Zhi-yu , Dou Jian-ping , Yu Jie , Liang Ping 
Published: February 2024

Background:
There is currently a lack of convincing evidence for microwave ablation (MWA) and laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for patients ≥60 years old with 3–5 cm hepatocellular carcinoma.

Materials and methods:
Patients were divided into three cohorts based on restricted cubic spline analysis: 60–64, 65–72, and ≥73 years. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the baseline variables in a 1:1 ratio. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed, followed by a comparison of complications, hospitalization, and cost.

Results:
Among 672 patients, the median age was 66 (IQR 62–71) years. After PSM, two groups of 210 patients each were selected. During the 36.0 (20.4–52.4) month follow-up period, the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS rates in the MWA group were 97.6, 80.9, and 65.3% and 95.5, 78.7, and 60.4% in the LLR group (HR 0.98, P=0.900). The corresponding DFS rates were 78.6, 49.6, and 37.5% and 82.8, 67.8, and 52.9% (HR 1.52, P=0.007). The 60–64 age cohort involved 176 patients, with no a significant difference in OS between the MWA and LLR groups (HR 1.25, P=0.370), MWA was associated with a higher recurrence rate (HR 1.94, P=0.004). A total of 146 patients were matched in the 65–72 age cohort, with no significant differences in OS and DFS between the two groups (OS (HR 1.04, P=0.900), DFS (HR 1.56, P=0.110)). In 76 patients aged ≥73 years after PSM, MWA provided better OS for patients (HR 0.27, P=0.015), and there were no significant differences in DFS between the two groups (HR 1.41, P=0.380). Taken together, for patients older than 65 years, the recurrence rate of MWA was comparable with LLR. Safety analysis indicated that LLR was associated with more postoperative bleeding (P=0.032) and hypoproteinemia (P=0.024).

Conclusions:
MWA was comparable to LLR in patients aged 65 years and older. MWA could be an alternative for the oldest old or the ill patients who cannot afford LLR, while LLR is still the first option of treatments for early-stage 3–5 cm hepatocellular carcinoma in capable elderly’s.
Efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: an umbrella review of systematic reviews
Authors: Ran Jun , Dziedzic Arkadiusz , Naser Israa Habeeb , Itumalla Ramaiah , Gupta Jeetendra Kumar , Rustagi Sarvesh , Satapathy Prakasini , Khatib Mahalaqua Nazli , Gaidhane Shilpa , Zahiruddin Quazi Syed , Gaidhane Abhay M , Sah Ranjit 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Stem cell therapy (SCT) has emerged as a potential therapeutic avenue, with various cell types being explored for their efficacy in treating dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the safety and efficacy of these therapies have been the subject of numerous systematic reviews. This umbrella review aims to consolidate the existing evidence on stem cell interventions for DCM, providing a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape.

Methods:
This review was conducted following the JBI and PRISMA guidelines. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the safety and efficacy of SCT for DCM were included. Outcomes such as 6-minute walk test (6-MWT), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), New York Heart Association (NYHA), and quality of life (QoL), among others, were considered. A literature search was executed across databases like PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database up to 7 October 2023. The quality of the included reviews was assessed using the JBI Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses. Data synthesis was carried out in both narrative and tabular formats, with the GRADE criteria guiding the determination of evidence certainty.

Results:
Nine systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. LVEF found to be significantly improved with SCT. LVEDD and LVEDV assessments yielded mixed results, with some reviews observing significant changes. Left ventricular end-systolic volume showed consistent reductions across multiple studies. B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations post-interventions were explored in several studies, with mixed findings. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) showed varied results, with some studies noting improvements and others finding no significant differences. NYHA classifications and 6-MWT results indicated potential benefits from stem cell treatments. SCT was observed to be generally safe. The certainty of evidence was low or very low for most of outcomes.

Conclusion:
SCT showed has shown promise in treating DCM, with many studies highlighting its safety and potential benefits. Nonetheless, the existing data has its limitations due to biases in the RCTs studies. To truly establish the benefits of SCT for DCM, future high-quality RCTS, are crucial.
Educational, Exercise, and Occupational Therapy-Based Telerehabilitation Program Versus “Wait-and-See” for Improving Self-perceived Exertion in Patients With Post-COVID Fatigue and Dyspnea
Authors: Calvo-Paniagua José , Díaz-Arribas María José , Valera-Calero Juan Antonio , Ramos-Sánchez Mabel , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Navarro-Santana Marcos José , del Corral Tamara , Plaza-Manzano Gustavo 
Published: February 2024

Objective
The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of a telerehabilitation exercise program versus “wait-and-see” on physical exertion, quality of life, dyspnea severity, heart rate, and oxygen saturation in patients with post-COVID fatigue and dyspnea.

Design
Sixty-four patients were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial. A telerehabilitation program based on patient education, physical activity, airway clearing, and breathing exercise interventions was conducted. Self-perceived physical exertion during daily living activities, dyspnea severity, health-related quality of life and physiological outcomes, and the 6-min walking test were assessed at baseline, after the program and at 1- and 3-mo follow-up periods.

Results
The experimental group experienced greater improvements in self-perceived physical exertion during daily living activities, dyspnea severity, health-related quality of life, and 6-min walking test (all, P < 0.001). In addition, patients undergoing the telerehabilitation program reported lower exertion scores at rest and after the 6-min walking test (both, P < 0.001). Between-group oxygen saturation differences were found at rest (P < 0.001), but not after the 6-min walking test (P = 0.024). Finally, significant between-group differences were found for heart rate after the 6-min walking test (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Although both groups showed a significant improvement after 3 mos of follow-up, the group receiving the telerehabilitation program described a greater improvement compared with the group receiving no intervention.
Additional Effect of Interfascial Hydrodissection With Dextrose on Shoulder and Neck Function in Patients With Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Authors: Hsu Chih Yang , Hsu TingHsuan , Lin Yen-Nung , Cheng Yu-Hsuan 
Published: February 2024

Objective
The aim of the study is to evaluate whether the application of an interfascial injection with dextrose water could result in reduced pain and improved shoulder function and range of motion.

Design
This is a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Thirty-five patients with chronic shoulder pain were randomly assigned to receive either an interfascial injection of 10 mL of 10% dextrose water guided by ultrasound or a sham injection of 0.5 mL of 10% dextrose water into the subcutaneous layer. All patients received education on a home program of self-massage and self-stretching. Shoulder pain, shoulder range of motion, and neck and shoulder function were measured before injection and at 4 and 12 wks after injection.

Results
Both groups showed significant improvements in visual analog scale scores at 12-wk follow-up. The interfascial injection group exhibited a significant pain reduction compared with the sham group at the 12-wks follow-up. No between-group differences were observed in shoulder range of motion, pain threshold, and neck and shoulder function.

Conclusions
Interfascial injection is effective in decreasing pain in patients with myofascial pain syndrome.
Intention-to-Treat Analysis in Clinical Research
Authors: Armijo-Olivo Susan , Barbosa-Silva Jordana , de Castro-Carletti Ester Moreira , de Oliveira-Souza Ana Izabela Sobral , Pelai Elisa Bizetti , Mohamad Norazlin , Baghbaninaghadehi Fatemeh , Dennett Liz , Steen Jeremy P. , Kumbhare Dinesh , Ballenberger Nikolaus 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This review presents a comprehensive summary and critical evaluation of intention-to-treat analysis, with a particular focus on its application to randomized controlled trials within the field of rehabilitation. Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a methodological review that encompassed electronic and manual search strategies to identify relevant studies. Our selection process involved two independent reviewers who initially screened titles and abstracts and subsequently performed full-text screening based on established eligibility criteria. In addition, we included studies from manual searches that were already cataloged within the first author’s personal database. The findings are synthesized through a narrative approach, covering fundamental aspects of intention to treat, including its definition, common misconceptions, advantages, disadvantages, and key recommendations. Notably, the health literature offers a variety of definitions for intention to treat, which can lead to misinterpretations and inappropriate application when analyzing randomized controlled trial results, potentially resulting in misleading findings with significant implications for healthcare decision making. Authors should clearly report the specific intention-to-treat definition used in their analysis, provide details on participant dropouts, and explain upon their approach to managing missing data. Adherence to reporting guidelines, such as the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials for randomized controlled trials, is essential to standardize intention-to-treat information, ensuring the delivery of accurate and informative results for healthcare decision making.
Patient-Specific Implant Customization for Treatment of Internal Orbital Fractures Using Office-Based Three-Dimensional Printing
Authors: Yoon Joshua S. , Rao Manaahil , Dunlow Ryan , Wasicek Philip , Ha Michael , Le Paulina , Rasko Yvonne M. , Liang Fan , Grant Michael P. , Nam Arthur J. 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
Three-dimensional (3D) modeling technology aids the reconstructive surgeon in designing and tailoring individualized implants for the reconstruction of complex craniofacial fractures. Three-dimensional modeling and printing have traditionally been outsourced to commercial vendors but can now be incorporated into both private and academic craniomaxillofacial practices. The goal of this report is to present a low-cost, standardized office-based workflow for restoring bony orbital volume in traumatic orbital fractures.

Methods:
Patients with internal orbital fractures requiring open repair were identified. After the virtual 3D models were created by iPlan 3.0 Cranial CMF software (Brainlab), the models were printed using an office-based 3D printer to shape and modify orbital plates to correctly fit the fracture defect. The accuracy of the anatomic reduction and the restored bony orbital volume measurements were determined using postoperative computed tomography images and iPlan software.

Results:
Nine patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria: 8 patients had unilateral fractures and 1 patient had bilateral fractures. Average image processing and print time were 1.5 hours and 3 hours, respectively. The cost of the 3D printer was $2500 and the average material cost to print a single orbital model was $2. When compared with the uninjured side, the mean preoperative orbital volume increase and percent difference were 2.7 ± 1.3 mL and 10.9 ± 5.3%, respectively. Postoperative absolute volume and percent volume difference between the orbits were −0.2 ± 0.4 mL and −0.8 ± 1.7%, respectively.

Conclusions:
Office-based 3D printing can be routinely used in the repair of internal orbital fractures in an efficient and cost-effective manner to design the implant with satisfactory patient outcomes.
Proposed revision of the American Association for Surgery of Trauma Renal Organ Injury Scale: Secondary analysis of the Multi-institutional Genitourinary Trauma Study
Authors: Matta Rano , Keihani Sorena , Hebert Kevin J. , Horns Joshua J. , Nirula Raminder , McCrum Marta L. , McCormick Benjamin J. , Gross Joel A. , Joyce Ryan P. , Rogers Douglas M. , Wang Sherry S. , Hagedorn Judith C. , Selph J. Patrick , Sensenig Rachel L. , Moses Rachel A. , Dodgion Christopher M. , Gupta Shubham , Mukherjee Kaushik , Majercik Sarah , Broghammer Joshua A. , Schwartz Ian , Elliott Sean P. , Breyer Benjamin N. , Baradaran Nima , Zakaluzny Scott , Erickson Bradley A. , Miller Brandi D. , Askari Reza , Carrick Matthew M. , Burks Frank N. , Norwood Scott , Myers Jeremy B. ,   in conjunction with the Trauma and Urologic Reconstruction Network of Surgeons
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
This study updates the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) Organ Injury Scale (OIS) for renal trauma using evidence-based criteria for bleeding control intervention.

METHODS
This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter retrospective study including patients with high-grade renal trauma from seven level 1 trauma centers from 2013 to 2018. All eligible patients were assigned new renal trauma grades based on revised criteria. The primary outcome used to measure injury severity was intervention for renal bleeding. Secondary outcomes included intervention for urinary extravasation, units of packed red blood cells transfused within 24 hours, and mortality. To test the revised grading system, we performed mixed-effect logistic regression adjusted for multiple baseline demographic and trauma covariates. We determined the area under the curve (AUC) to assess accuracy of predicting bleeding interventions from the revised grading system and compared this to 2018 AAST OIS.

RESULTS
Based on the 2018 OIS grading system, we included 549 patients with AAST grades III to V injuries and computed tomography scans (III, 52% [n = 284]; IV, 45% [n = 249]; and V, 3% [n = 16]). Among these patients, 89% experienced blunt injury (n = 491), and 12% (n = 64) underwent intervention for bleeding. After applying the revised grading criteria, 60% (n = 329) of patients were downgraded, and 4% (n = 23) were upgraded; 2.8% (n = 7) downgraded from grade V to IV, and 69.5% (n = 173) downgraded from grade IV to III. The revised renal trauma grading system demonstrated improved predictive ability for bleeding interventions (2018 AUC, 0.805; revised AUC, 0.883; p = 0.001) and number of units of packed red blood cells transfused. When we removed urinary injury from the revised system, there was no difference in its predictive ability for renal hemorrhage intervention.

CONCLUSION
A revised renal trauma grading system better delineates the need for hemostatic interventions than the current AAST OIS renal trauma grading system.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Diagnostic Test/Criteria; Level III.
Develop and Validate a Computable Phenotype for the Identification of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Using Electronic Health Record Data
Authors: He Xing , Wei Ruoqi , Huang Yu , Chen Zhaoyi , Lyu Tianchen , Bost Sarah , Tong Jiayi , Li Lu , Zhou Yujia , Guo Jingchuan , Tang Huilin , Wang Fei , DeKosky Steven , Xu Hua , Chen Yong , Zhang Rui , Xu Jie , Guo Yi , Wu Yonghui , Bian Jiang 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) are often misclassified in electronic health records (EHRs) when relying solely on diagnostic codes. This study aims to develop a more accurate, computable phenotype (CP) for identifying AD patients by using both structured and unstructured EHR data.METHODSWe used EHRs from the University of Florida Health (UF Health) system and created rule-based CPs iteratively through manual chart reviews. The CPs were then validated using data from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health) and the University of Minnesota (UMN).RESULTSOur best-performing CP is “patient has at least 2 AD diagnoses and AD-related keywords” with an F1-score of 0.817 at UF, and 0.961 and 0.623 at UT Health and UMN, respectively.DISCUSSIONWe developed and validated rule-based CPs for AD identification with good performance, crucial for studies that aim to use real-world data like EHRs.
Do women on boards break the glass ceiling or face the glass cliff?
Authors: Poma Erica , Pistoresi Barbara 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to appraise the effectiveness of gender quotas in breaking the glass ceiling for women on boards (WoBs) in companies that are legally obliged to comply with quotas (listed companies and state-owned companies, LP) and in those that are not (unlisted companies and nonstate-owned companies, NLNP). Furthermore, it investigates the glass cliff phenomenon, according to which women are more likely to be appointed to apical positions in underperforming companies.

Design/methodology/approach
A balanced panel data of the top 116 Italian companies by total assets, which are present in both 2010 and 2017, is used for estimating ANOVA tests across sectors and fixed-effects panel regression models.

Findings
WoBs significantly increased in both the LP and the NLNP companies, and this increase was greater in the financial sector. Furthermore, the relationship between the percentage of WoBs and firm performance is not linear but depends on the financial corporate health. Specifically, the situation in which a woman ascends to a leadership position in challenging circumstances where the risk of failure is high (glass cliff phenomenon) is only present in companies with the lowest performance in the sample, in other words, when negative values of Roe and negative or zero values of Roa occur together.

Practical implications
These findings have relevant policy implications that encourage the adoption of gender quotas even in specific top positions, such as CEO or president, as this could lead to a “double spillover effect” both vertically, that is, in other job positions, and horizontally, toward other companies not targeted by quotas. Practical interventions to support women in glass cliff positions, on the other hand, relate to the extent of supervisor mentoring and support to prevent women from leaving director roles and strengthen their chances for career advancement.

Originality/value
The authors explore the ability of gender quotas to break through the glass ceiling in companies that are not legally obliged to do so, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, for the first time, the glass cliff phenomenon in the Italian context.
UClean scaling up dilemma: towards building a laundromat mosaic in India
Authors: Swarup Kriti , Mathur Anshul 
Published: February 2024

Learning outcomes
This case study outlines the strategic and organisational issues faced by an entrepreneurial firm operating in an emerging economy. This case study has been written to equip students with how entrepreneurs can overcome certain barriers and use technology to achieve product–market fit, taking the Indian laundry sector as an example. The following are the key learnings for the case: start-ups need to continuously assess the product–market fit to organise a highly unorganised sector; market entry and expansion modes require proper evaluation of available entry and expansion modes before pursual; franchising decisions require firm-specific and location-specific considerations; and careful consideration given to celebrity endorsement will result in increased sales.

Case overview/synopsis
The Indian laundry market was a highly unorganised market and presented an untapped opportunity. While the market opportunity was enormous, the existing solutions comprised local vendors that may not provide end-to-end services (washing, ironing, etc.). The case study described how a young entrepreneur, Arunabh Sinha, overcame certain challenges to achieve a product–market fit for metro cities and later expanded to Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities in India as well. However, the challenges remained, as the firm expanded by using a franchise model, and other modes of business were required to be evaluated as well.

Complexity academic level
The case study is suitable for students pursuing MBA courses in marketing, service marketing and entrepreneurship development.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS3: Entrepreneurship.
Understanding corruption in India: determinants, nonlinear dynamics and policy implications
Authors: Shaurav Kumar , Deheri Abdhut , Rath Badri Narayan 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to evaluate corruption in the context of India, spanning the period between 1988 and 2021. Additionally, it aims to provide an in-depth comprehension of the factors that drive its prevalence and to propose policy directives for addressing these underlying issues.Design/methodology/approachThe study instead of relying on perception-based measures, takes a distinct approach by formulating a corruption index derived from reported instances, thus ensuring a more objective assessment. Furthermore, we employ stochastic frontier analysis to tackle the issue of under-reporting within the corruption index based on reported cases. Subsequently, an auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) methodology is applied to ascertain the principal drivers of corruption, encompassing both long and short factors.FindingsThis study reveals that corruption in India is notably influenced by economic growth and income inequality. Conversely, government effectiveness and globalization display a tendency to mitigate corruption. However, our rigorous analysis demonstrates that financial development does not wield a substantial influence in our study. Moreover, our inquiry uncovers a nonlinear relationship between economic growth and corruption. Additionally, we ascertain that the long run and short run impacts of corruption remain relatively stable across both models utilized in our study.Originality/valueThis study differs from previous research in the subsequent manners. Primarily, we employed an objective measure to formulate the corruption index, coupled with addressing the underreporting issues via stochastic frontier analysis. Moreover, this study pioneers the identification of a non-linear relationship between corruption and economic growth within the Indian context, a facet unexplored in previous investigations.