bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface‐Enriched Single‐Bi‐Atoms Tailoring of Pt Nanorings for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells with Ultralow‐Pt‐Loading
Authors: Fan Xiaokun , Chen Wen , Xie Lei , Liu Xianglong , Ding Yutian , Zhang Long , Tang Min , Liao Yujia , Yang Qi , Fu Xian‐Zhu , Luo Shuiping , Luo Jing‐Li 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSingle‐atom decorating of Pt emerges as a highly effective strategy to boost catalytic properties, which can trigger the most Pt active sites while blocking the smallest number of Pt atoms. However, the rational design and creation of high‐density single‐atoms on Pt surface remain as a huge challenge. Herein, a customized synthesis of surface‐enriched single‐Bi‐atoms tailored Pt nanorings (SE‐Bi1/Pt NRs) toward methanol oxidation is reported, which is guided by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggesting that a relatively higher density of Bi species on Pt surface can ensure a CO‐free pathway and accelerate the kinetics of *HCOOH formation. Decorating Pt NRs with dense single‐Bi‐atoms is achieved by starting from PtBi intermetallic nanoplates (NPs) with intrinsically isolated Bi atoms and subsequent etching and annealing treatments. The SE‐Bi1/Pt NRs exhibit a mass activity of 23.77 A mg−1 Pt toward methanol oxidation in alkaline electrolyte, which is 2.2 and 12.8 times higher than those of Pt‐Bi NRs and Pt/C, respectively. This excellent activity endows the SE‐Bi1/Pt NRs with a high likelihood to be used as a practical anodic electrocatalyst for direct methanol fuel cells （DMFCs） with high power density of 85.3 mW cm−2 and ultralow Pt loading of 0.39 mg cm−2.
PROTAC Prodrug‐Integrated Nanosensitizer for Potentiating Radiation Therapy of Cancer
Authors: Zhang Shunan , Lai Yi , Pan Jiaxing , Saeed Madiha , Li Shiqin , Zhou Huiling , Jiang Xingyu , Gao Jing , Zhu Yun , Yu Haijun , Zhang Wen , Xu Zhiai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRadiation therapy (RT) is one of the primary options for clinical cancer therapy, in particular advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Herein, the crucial role of bromodomain‐containing protein 4 (BRD4)‐RAD51 associated protein 1 (RAD51AP1) axis in sensitizing RT of HNSCC is revealed. A versatile nanosensitizer (RPB7H) is thus innovatively engineered by integrating a PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTAC) prodrug (BPA771) and hafnium dioxide (HfO2) nanoparticles to downregulate BRD4‐RAD51AP1 pathway and sensitize HNSCC tumor to RT. Upon intravenous administration, the RPB7H nanoparticles selectively accumulate at the tumor tissue and internalize into tumor cells by recognizing neuropilin‐1 overexpressed in the tumor mass. HfO2 nanoparticles enhance RT effectiveness by amplifying X‐ray deposition, intensifying DNA damage, and boosting oxidative stress. Meanwhile, BPA771 can be activated by RT‐induced H2O2 secretion to degrade BRD4 and inactivate RAD51AP1, thus impeding RT‐induced DNA damage repair. This versatile nanosensitizer, combined with X‐ray irradiation, effectively regresses HNSCC tumor growth in a mouse model. The findings introduce a PROTAC prodrug‐based radiosensitization strategy by targeting the BRD4‐RAD51AP1 axis, may offer a promising avenue to augment RT and more effective HNSCC therapy.
3D Printing of Hierarchically Porous Polyetherimide for Enhanced Oil Adsorption and Oil/Water Separation via Supercritical CO2 Foaming
Authors: Sun Huiting , Guo Qi , Wang Jinmei , Ruan Hongwei , Wang Tingmei , Wang Qihua , Wang Chao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMost mechanical oil leaks and industrial oily wastewater are in complex and harsh environments. Hence, developing a simple and efficient method to store oil or separating oil–water contaminants has become an ongoing challenge. Hierarchically porous polyetheimide (HPPEI) is a promising competitive candidate due to the combination of functional designability, featuring multilayer pores, and the excellent properties of PEI. Herein, HPPEI (micro‐ and nano‐) is developed by fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing, which enables customizable uniform pores, and green and cost‐effective supercritical CO2 foaming method. HPPEI exhibits remarkable oil content and oil adsorption rate, attributed to the nanopores functioning as “windows.” Nanopores alter the adsorption mode from the “individual adsorption” of PPEI to “interconnected adsorption,” accompanied by an increased storage capacity, and enhanced the overall adsorption rate due to strong capillary effect and higher adsorption rate. HPPEI modified with hydrophobic nano fumed silica (HN─SiO2), demonstrates outstanding hydrophobicity and lipophilicity features selective oil adsorption and oil–water separation, and retains excellent hydrophobic even at high temperatures and in acidic and alkaline environments. This material is expected to provide a strategy for energy conservation: selective oil adsorption from oily wastewater in harsh environments and then the oily material is utilized for lubrication areas, avoiding material waste.
Simple Solution Processed Solid‐State Organic Transistor Chip for Multi‐Ion Sensing
Authors: Arthur Joshua N. , Yambem Soniya D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIon concentrations in the human body are closely tied to crucial biological functions and thus serve as important diagnostic health markers. Biological samples are chemically complex, containing a wide range of ions and molecules, necessitating the use of sensors that are highly selective to the target analyte. In this work, a multi‐ion sensing chip, capable of selectively detecting potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), and calcium (Ca2+) ions at physiologically relevant concentrations, is demonstrated. Each sensor consists of a simple, solution‐processed, all solid‐state, and low‐voltage organic thin film transistor, functionalized with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ion selective membranes sandwiched between the insulator and gate electrode. The sensors are responsive to 4–5 decades of each primary ion. When a response from interfering ions is seen at higher concentrations, the sensors can uniquely discriminate between primary and interfering ions by a difference in the polarity of the current modulation. The sensors function well in mixed‐ion solutions, and can detect K+, Na+, and Ca2+ in simulated human blood serum, demonstrating the feasibility of using these devices for the analysis of complex analytes. This work represents an important step toward the development of simple, inexpensive organic multi‐ion sensors.
Multi‐Bioinspired Droplet Self‐Actuated Sweat Transport Platform for Continuous Wearable Biochemical Monitoring
Authors: Shen Hao , Pang Yan , Yuan Detao , Zhang Jing , Guo Hao , Wang Chunju , He Haidong , Ling Mingxiang , Chen Liguo , Huang Haibo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWearable sweat sensors exhibit significant promise in the realm of smart healthcare. Efficient and non‐contaminating continuous sweat collection, transport, and disposal are crucial for enhancing detection accuracy. In this study, a novel wearable sweat sensor is presented that integrates various biomimetic structures, including cactus‐inspired spine, shorebird‐inspired conical through‐holes, and frog‐foot‐inspired micro‐grooves. These structures facilitate sweat droplets to be automatically transported from the skin to the sensing chamber and discharged without external power. First, theoretical analysis, simulation, and experiments based on self‐driven droplet mechanisms to determine the optimal transport efficiency parameters for biomimetic structures are conducted. Next, a novel sweat transport module is fabricated through ultra‐precision 3D printing according to these optimal parameters. And this module has excellent sweat collection performance contrastively. Finally, the novel biomimetic sweat transport module is integrated with a high‐sensitivity glucose detection electrode, resulting in a wearable sweat glucose detection system. Human experiments monitoring glucose metabolism in sweat verify the correlation between glucose concentrations in blood and sweat, which proves the feasibility of reflecting changes in the body's circulatory system by monitoring changes in sweat composition.
Magnetic Domain Wall Networked Films – Configurational Switching for Tunable Magnetization Dynamics by Perforated Thin Films
Authors: Holländer Rasmus B. , Müller Cai , McCord Jeffrey 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSetting the magnetization and its properties in magnetic materials and films is of the utmost fundamental and technological importance for magnetic applications and devices. Magnetic permeabilities in a material are generally defined by the acting magnetic anisotropies together with an applied magnetic field. Here, deterministic switching of the effective dynamic magnetic properties is demonstrated by tunable networks of magnetic domain walls. By perforating magnetic films, a reversible switching between different magnetization states is achieved. Due to the resulting local effective dynamic fields for the changed domain configurations, different zero‐field permeability spectra are attained for the same material structure. Using local configurational magnetic resonances confined by magnetic domain walls, deterministic switchable bimodal dynamic behavior is achieved. Dynamic magnetooptical Kerr microscopy with picosecond temporal resolution proves that the varying periodic magnetic domain configurations are responsible for the dynamic magnetic bistability. In particular, the field‐free precessional magnetic response can be reproducibly switched between 1.3 and 2.3 GHz. The magnetization dynamics can be modified by small interventions in a repeatable manner beyond fixed material and structural properties. The described fundamental mechanism enables to design new energy efficient configurational microwave devices by switching between zero‐field magnetic arrangements.
A Long Life Moisture‐Enabled Electric Generator Based on Ionic Diode Rectification and Electrode Chemistry Regulation
Authors: Fu Chunqiao , Zhou Jian , Lu Xulei , Feng Haochen , Zhang Yong , Shang Kedong , Jiang Zhongbao , Yao Yuming , He Qi‐Chang , Yang Tingting 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConsiderable efforts have recently been made to augment the power density of moisture‐enabled electric generators. However, due to the unsustainable ion/water molecule concentration gradients, the ion‐directed transport gradually diminishes, which largely affects the operating lifetime and energy efficiency of generators. This work introduces an electrode chemistry regulation strategy into the ionic diode‐type energy conversion structure, which demonstrates 1240 h power generation in ambient humidity. The electrode chemical regulation can be achieved by adding Cl−. The purpose is to destroy the passivation film on the electrode interface and provide a continuous path for ion‐electron coupling conduction. Moreover, this device simultaneously satisfies the requirements of fast trapping of moisture molecules, high rectification ratio transport of ions, and sustained ion‐to‐electron current conversion. A single device can deliver an open‐circuit voltage of about 1 V and a peak short‐circuit current density of 350 µA cm−2. Finally, the first‐principle calculations are carried out to reveal the mechanism by which the electrode surface chemistry affects the power generation performance.
Decoupling the Influence of Poly(3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene)‐Collagen Composite Characteristics on Cell Stemness
Authors: Keate Rebecca L. , Tropp Joshua , Wu Ruiheng , Petty Anthony J. , Ameer Guillermo A. , Rivnay Jonathan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConductive polymers (CPs) are widely studied for their ability to influence a myriad of tissue systems. While their mixed ionic/electronic conductivity is commonly considered the primary driver of these benefits, the mechanisms by which CPs influence cell fate remain unclear. In this study, CP‐biomaterial interactions are investigated using collagen, due to its widespread prevalence throughout the body and in tissue engineering constructs. Collagen is functionalized with both electrostatically and covalently bound derivatives of the CP poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped via backbone‐tethered sulfonate groups, which enable high solubility and loading to the collagen biomatrix. Intrinsically doped scaffolds are compared to those incorporated with a commercially available PEDOT formulation, which is complexed with polyanionic polystyrene sulfonate (PSS). Low loadings of intrinsically doped PEDOT do not increase substrate conductivity compared to collagen alone, enabling separate investigation into CP loading and conductivity. Interestingly, higher PEDOT loading bolsters human mesenchymal stromal (hMSC) cell gene expression of Oct‐4 and NANOG, which are key transcription factors regulating cell stemness. Conductive collagen composites with commercial PEDOT:PSS do not significantly affect the expression of these transcription factors in hMSCs. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that PEDOT regulates cellular fate independently from physical changes to the material but directly to the loading of the polymer.
Myeloid‐Mas Signaling Modulates Pathogenic Crosstalk among MYC+CD63+Endothelial Cells, MMP12+Macrophages, and Monocytes in Acetaminophen‐Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Chen Shuai , Lu Zhi , Zhao Yudong , Xia Lu , Liu Chun , Zuo Siqing , Jin Manchang , Jia Haoyu , Li Shanshan , Zhang Shuo , Yang Bo , Wang Zhijing , Li Jing , Wang Fei , Yang Changqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAcetaminophen overdose is a leading cause of acute liver failure (ALF). Despite the pivotal role of the inflammatory microenvironment in the progression of advanced acetaminophen‐induced liver injury (AILI), a comprehensive understanding of the underlying cellular interactions and molecular mechanisms remains elusive. Mas is a G protein‐coupled receptor highly expressed by myeloid cells; however, its role in the AILI microenvironment remains to be elucidated. A multidimensional approach, including single‐cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and hour‐long intravital imaging, is employed to characterize the microenvironment inMas1deficient mice at the systemic and cell‐specific levels. The characteristic landscape of mouse AILI models involves reciprocal cellular communication among MYC+CD63+endothelial cells, MMP12+macrophages, and monocytes, which is maintained by enhanced glycolysis and the NF‐κB/TNF‐α signaling pathway due to myeloid‐Mas deficiency. Importantly, the pathogenic microenvironment is delineated in samples obtained from patients with ALF, demonstrating its clinical relevance. In summary, these findings greatly enhance the understanding of the microenvironment in advanced AILI and offer potential avenues for patient stratification and identification of novel therapeutic targets.
Nanomaterials Regulate Bacterial Quorum Sensing: Applications, Mechanisms, and Optimization Strategies
Authors: Hu Chen , He Guixin , Yang Yujun , Wang Ning , Zhang Yanli , Su Yuan , Zhao Fujian , Wu Junrong , Wang Linlin , Lin Yuqing , Shao Longquan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnti‐virulence therapy that interferes with bacterial communication, known as “quorum sensing (QS)”, is a promising strategy for circumventing bacterial resistance. Using nanomaterials to regulate bacterial QS in anti‐virulence therapy has attracted much attention, which is mainly attributed to unique physicochemical properties and excellent designability of nanomaterials. However, bacterial QS is a dynamic and multistep process, and there are significant differences in the specific regulatory mechanisms and related influencing factors of nanomaterials in different steps of the QS process. An in‐depth understanding of the specific regulatory mechanisms and related influencing factors of nanomaterials in each step can significantly optimize QS regulatory activity and enhance the development of novel nanomaterials with better comprehensive performance. Therefore, this review focuses on the mechanisms by which nanomaterials regulate bacterial QS in the signal supply (including signal synthesis, secretion, and accumulation) and signal transduction cascade (including signal perception and response) processes. Moreover, based on the two key influencing factors (i.e., the nanomaterial itself and the environment), optimization strategies to enhance the QS regulatory activity are comprehensively summarized. Collectively, applying nanomaterials to regulate bacterial QS is a promising strategy for anti‐virulence therapy. This review provides reference and inspiration for further research on the anti‐virulence application of nanomaterials.
Modulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Dysregulation via a SPAK and OSR1 Targeted Framework Nucleic Acid in Hydrocephalus
Authors: Wang Qiguang , Cheng Jian , Liu Fei , Zhu Jianwei , Li Yue , Zhao Yuxuan , Li Xiang , Zhang Huan , Ju Yan , Ma Lu , Hui Xuhui , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrocephalus is one of the most common brain disorders and a life‐long incurable condition. An empirical “one‐size‐fits‐all” approach of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting remains the mainstay of hydrocephalus treatment and effective pharmacotherapy options are currently lacking. Macrophage‐mediated ChP inflammation and CSF hypersecretion have recently been identified as a significant discovery in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus. In this study, a pioneering DNA nano‐drug (TSOs) is developed by modifying S2 ssDNA and S4 ssDNA with SPAK ASO and OSR1 ASO in tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) and synthesis via a one‐pot annealing procedure. This construct can significantly knockdown the expression of SPAK and OSR1, along with their downstream ion channel proteins in ChP epithelial cells, thereby leading to a decrease in CSF secretion. Moreover, these findings indicate that TSOs effectively inhibit the M0 to M1 phenotypic switch of ChP macrophages via the MAPK pathways, thus mitigating the cytokine storm. In in vivo post‐hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) models, TSOs significantly reduce CSF secretion rates, alleviate ChP inflammation, and prevent the onset of hydrocephalus. These compelling results highlight the potential of TSOs as a promising therapeutic option for managing hydrocephalus, with significant applications in the future.
Discovery of a Small Molecule Activator of Slack (Kcnt1) Potassium Channels That Significantly Reduces Scratching in Mouse Models of Histamine‐Independent and Chronic Itch
Authors: Balzulat Annika , Zhu W. Felix , Flauaus Cathrin , Hernandez‐Olmos Victor , Heering Jan , Sethumadhavan Sunesh , Dubiel Mariam , Frank Annika , Menge Amelie , Hebchen Maureen , Metzner Katharina , Lu Ruirui , Lukowski Robert , Ruth Peter , Knapp Stefan , Müller Susanne , Steinhilber Dieter , Hänelt Inga , Stark Holger , Proschak Ewgenij , Schmidtko Achim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVarious disorders are accompanied by histamine‐independent itching, which is often resistant to the currently available therapies. Here, it is reported that the pharmacological activation of Slack (Kcnt1, KNa1.1), a potassium channel highly expressed in itch‐sensitive sensory neurons, has therapeutic potential for the treatment of itching. Based on the Slack‐activating antipsychotic drug, loxapine, a series of new derivatives with improved pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles is designed that enables to validate Slack as a pharmacological target in vivo. One of these new Slack activators, compound 6, exhibits negligible dopamine D2 and D3 receptor binding, unlike loxapine. Notably, compound 6 displays potent on‐target antipruritic activity in multiple mouse models of acute histamine‐independent and chronic itch without motor side effects. These properties make compound 6 a lead molecule for the development of new antipruritic therapies targeting Slack.
Bioinspired Injectable Polyurethane Underwater Adhesive with Fast Bonding and Hemostatic Properties
Authors: Guo Xiaolei , Zhao Xin , Yuan Lei , Ming Hao , Li Zhen , Li Jiehua , Luo Feng , Tan Hong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderwater adhesives with injectable, organic solvent‐free, strong, fast adhesion, and hemostatic properties have become an urgent need in biomedical field. Herein, a novel polyurethane underwater adhesive (PUWA) inspired by mussels is developed utilizing the rapid post‐cure reaction of isocyanate esterification without organic solvents. The PUWA is created through the injectable two component curing process of component A (biocompatible polyurethane prepolymer) and component B (dopamine modified lysine derivatives: chain extender‐LDA and crosslinker‐L3DA). The two‐component adhesive cures quickly and firmly underwater, with an impressive bonding strength of 40 kPa on pork skin and excellent burst pressure of 394 mmHg. Moreover, the PUWA exhibits robust adhesion strength in hostile environments with acid, alkali and saline solutions. Combined with excellent biocompatibility and hemostatic performance, the PUWA demonstrates effectively sealing wounds and promoting healing. With the ability to bond diverse substrates rapidly and strongly, the PUWA holds significant potential for application in both biomedical and industrial fields.
Quantifying Landscape‐Flux via Single‐Cell Transcriptomics Uncovers the Underlying Mechanism of Cell Cycle
Authors: Zhu Ligang , Wang Jin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent developments in single‐cell sequencing technology enable the acquisition of entire transcriptome data. Understanding the underlying mechanism and identifying the driving force of transcriptional regulation governing cell function directly from these data remains challenging. This study reconstructs a continuous vector field of the cell cycle based on discrete single‐cell RNA velocity to quantify the single‐cell global nonequilibrium dynamic landscape‐flux. It reveals that large fluctuations disrupt the global landscape and genetic perturbations alter landscape‐flux, thus identifying key genes in maintaining cell cycle dynamics and predicting associated functional effects. Additionally, it quantifies the fundamental energy cost of the cell cycle initiation and unveils that sustaining the cell cycle requires curl flux and dissipation to maintain the oscillatory phase coherence. This study enables the inference of the cell cycle gene regulatory networks directly from the single‐cell transcriptomic data, including the feedback mechanisms and interaction intensity. This provides a golden opportunity to experimentally verify the landscape‐flux theory and also obtain its associated quantifications. It also offers a unique framework for combining the landscape‐flux theory and single‐cell high‐through sequencing experiments for understanding the underlying mechanisms of the cell cycle and can be extended to other nonequilibrium biological processes, such as differentiation development and disease pathogenesis.