bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive evaluation of privacy policies using the contextual integrity framework
Authors: Ghahremani Shahram , Nguyen Uyen Trang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOnline privacy policies are often lengthy and difficult to understand. This may lead many users to avoid reading them despite increasing concerns about how their personal information is managed. This article presents a structured approach to evaluate the transparency and comprehensiveness of privacy policies using a comprehensive set of evaluation questions within the contextual integrity (CI) framework. We use these questions to identify policies' responses to key privacy concerns. Applying the CI framework, we analyze the clarity and context of these responses, identifying any vagueness and contextual issues that could impede a user's understanding of the privacy policy. Using the CI analysis, we quantify the quality of policies' responses, thereby enabling users to make informed decisions about online services or products. We apply our methodology to two popular messaging apps, Telegram and WhatsApp, using them as case studies to systematically uncover the strengths and weaknesses of their privacy policies. The findings demonstrate that our proposed methodology can effectively identify transparency issues and assess the comprehensiveness of privacy policies. This suggests that our approach could serve as a practical alternative to subjective evaluations typically conducted by privacy experts.
Surgical stabilization of a distal tibial fracture in a jungle cat (Felis chaus) using orthogonal double plating
Authors: Farzad‐Mohajeri Saeed , Mollaei Zahra , Sari Mohammad Mahdi , Rostami Amir 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe jungle cat (Felis chaus) is a member of the genus Felis within the family Felidae, native to south‐east Asia, west Asia and north Africa. A 2‐year‐old male jungle cat was referred with a history of lameness of 3 days duration. At the time of presentation, the animal had non‐weight‐bearing lameness of the right hindlimb. Examination identified crepitation and instability in the distal diaphyseal region of the right tibial bone. Radiographs confirmed the presence of fractures in the distal diaphyseal region of the right tibia and fibula. Double plating of the tibia was employed for used fixation. The animal was evaluated 2, 4 and 8 weeks post‐operatively, and the procedure was considered to have been successful with no observed surgical complications.
The unexpected social cost of inguinal hernioplasty procedures derived from the COVID‐19 pandemic: Surgical trend analysis based on an Italian hospital series
Authors: De Luca Alessandro , Gurrado Angela , Prete Francesco Paolo , Pepe Angelo Santo , De Luca Giuseppe Massimiliano , Testini Mario 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of inguinal hernias are usually paucisymptomatic, so are restored electively. The main purpose of this study is to assess the trends in hernia repair surgery before and during the pandemic period, analyzing an Italian hospital series of 390 patients, in an attempt to quantify the negative impact regarding social costs derived from the Covid‐19 outbreak. Moreover, we want to focus on the concept of apparently minor pathology as hernioplasty which could represent a life‐threatening condition for patients.MethodsThe study population consisted of all patients operated for inguinal hernia in a General Surgery Unit from 2019 to 2021, divided into a pre‐pandemic and a pandemic period.ResultsThe Covid‐19 pandemic increased urgent operations in a complicated setting. A statistically significant difference was found regarding the trend of hospitalization length as well as a strong positive correlation between the severity of hernia and the hospitalization length.ConclusionsDuring the pandemic, it has been registered a mishandling of inguinal hernias to the detriment of both the healthcare system and patients, due to multifactorial issues and, in particular, to the restrictions imposed by the regional government that erroneously declassed hernia pathology as a minor problem for public health. We do believe that patients, after diagnosis of inguinal hernia, should learn the Taxis maneuver for its feasibility and ease of execution, in order to reduce access to emergencies in many cases and likewise to better pain and discomfort perceived, even in the event of unexpected worldwide healthcare scenario.
Three results on the energy conservation for the 3D Euler equations
Authors: Berselli Luigi C. , Georgiadis Stefanos 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe consider the 3D Euler equations for incompressible homogeneous fluids and we study the problem of energy conservation for weak solutions in the space-periodic case. First, we prove the energy conservation for a full scale of Besov spaces, by extending some classical results to a wider range of exponents. Next, we consider the energy conservation in the case of conditions on the gradient, recovering some results which were known, up to now, only for the Navier–Stokes equations and for weak solutions of the Leray-Hopf type. Finally, we make some remarks on the Onsager singularity problem, identifying conditions which allow to pass to the limit from solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations to solution of the Euler ones, producing weak solutions which are energy conserving.
Disequilibrium reaction pathways and the twin-mediated growth of tabular forsterite during contact metamorphism of quartz-bearing dolomite
Authors: Acosta Marisa D. , Baumgartner Lukas P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe forsterite zone of the Ubehebe Peak contact aureole, Death Valley, USA consists of an outer zone of tabular/jack-straw olivine and an inner zone of subequant polyhedral olivine. Subequant polyhedral forsterite crystals close to the intrusion are small and tabular forsterite crystals farther away are larger. To investigate the formation of the two morphologies, forsterite growth experiments were conducted in cold seal pressure vessels in the CaO-MgO-SiO2-CO2-H2O system. Forsterite precipitation follows a disequilibrium reaction pathway made of three reactions: [1] tabular forsterite growth from quartz and dolomite, [2] forsterite growth from tremolite dissolution, and [3] subequant polyhedral forsterite growth from tabular forsterite dissolution. Initially, quartz reacts with dolomite to simultaneously form twinned tabular forsterite and tremolite. As quartz reacts away, forsterite precipitation continues at a slower rate through tremolite dissolution. A second generation of forsterite then precipitates on top of some tabular forsterite but has different habit and tracht. Once all the tremolite reacts away, subequant polyhedral forsterite precipitation continues at an even slower rate through dissolution of tabular forsterite. The tabular morphology of jack-straw olivine is a consequence of twin-mediated unidirectional growth; the abundance of twins being due to rapid nucleation and growth at initially high reaction affinities. Twin junctions are preferential nucleation centers for steps, so faceted growth is enhanced on {100}. This phenomenon is the twin plane re-entrant effect. Subequant polyhedral forsterite in the Ubehebe Peak inner contact aureole recrystallized and ripened from tabular forsterite. In the outer contact aureole, conditions were not conducive to recrystallization and ripening so well-developed tabular forsterite persists.
The repeated bout effect of traditional resistance training on cycling efficiency and performance
Authors: Devantier-Thomas Baily , Deakin Glen B. , Crowther Fiona , Schumann Moritz , Doma Kenji 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study examined the repeated bout effect of two resistance training bouts on cycling efficiency and performance.

Methods
Ten male resistance-untrained cyclists (age 38 ± 13 years; height 180.4 ± 7.0 cm; weight 80.1 ± 10.1; kg; VO2max 51.0 ± 7.6 ml.kg−1.min−1) undertook two resistance training bouts at six-repetition maximum. Blood creatine kinase (CK), delayed-onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), counter-movement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), submaximal cycling and time-trial performance were examined prior to (Tbase), 24 (T24) and 48 (T48) h post each resistance training bout.

Results
There were significantly lower values for DOMS (p = 0.027) after Bout 2 than Bout 1. No differences were found between bouts for CK, CMJ, SJ and submaximal cycling performance. However, jump height (CMJ and SJ) submaximal cycling measures (ventilation and perceived exertion) were impaired at T24 and T48 compared to Tbase (p < 0.05). Net efficiency during submaximal cycling improved at Bout 2 (23.8 ± 1.2) than Bout 1 (24.3 ± 1.0%). There were no changes in cycling time-trial performance, although segmental differences in cadence were observed between bouts and time (i.e. Tbase vs T24 vs T48; p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Cyclists improved their cycling efficiency from Bout 1 to Bout 2 possibly due to the repeated bout effect. However, cyclists maintained their cycling completion times during exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in both resistance training bouts, possibly by altering their cycling strategies. Thus, cyclists should consider EIMD symptomatology after resistance training bouts, particularly for cycling-specific technical sessions, regardless of the repeated bout effect.
Learning nonlinear constitutive models in finite strain electromechanics with Gaussian process predictors
Authors: Pérez-Escolar A. , Martínez-Frutos J. , Ortigosa R. , Ellmer N. , Gil A. J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a metamodelling technique that employs gradient-enhanced Gaussian process regression (GPR) to emulate diverse internal energy densities based on the deformation gradient tensor $$\varvec{F}$$

F

and electric displacement field $$\varvec{D}_0$$

D

0

. The approach integrates principal invariants as inputs for the surrogate internal energy density, enforcing physical constraints like material frame indifference and symmetry. This technique enables accurate interpolation of energy and its derivatives, including the first Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor and material electric field. The method ensures stress and electric field-free conditions at the origin, which is challenging with regression-based methods like neural networks. The paper highlights that using invariants of the dual potential of internal energy density, i.e., the free energy density dependent on the material electric field $$\varvec{E}_0$$

E

0

, is inappropriate. The saddle point nature of the latter contrasts with the convexity of the internal energy density, creating challenges for GPR or Gradient Enhanced GPR models using invariants of $$\varvec{F}$$

F

and $$\varvec{E}_0$$

E

0

(free energy-based GPR), compared to those involving $$\varvec{F}$$

F

and $$\varvec{D}_0$$

D

0

(internal energy-based GPR). Numerical examples within a 3D Finite Element framework assess surrogate model accuracy across challenging scenarios, comparing displacement and stress fields with ground-truth analytical models. Cases include extreme twisting and electrically induced wrinkles, demonstrating practical applicability and robustness of the proposed approach.
Costs of revision operations for distal junctional kyphosis following thoracic posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Theologis Alekos A. , Wu Hao-Hua , Oeding Jacob F. , Diab Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess direct costs and risks associated with revision operations for distal junctional kyphosis/failure (DJK) following thoracic posterior spinal instrumented fusions (TPSF) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods
Children who underwent TPSF for AIS by a single surgeon (2014–2020) were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were minimum follow-up of 2 years, thoracolumbar posterior instrumented fusion with a lower instrumented vertebra (LIV) cranial to L2. Patients who developed DJK requiring revision operations were identified and compared with those who did not develop DJK.

Results
Seventy-nine children were included for analysis. Of these, 6.3% developed DJK. Average time to revision was 20.8 ± 16.2 months. Comparing index operations, children who developed DJK had significantly greater BMIs, significantly lower thoracic kyphosis postoperatively, greater post-operative lumbar Cobb angles, and significantly more LIVs cranial to the sagittal stable vertebrae (SSV), despite having statistically similar pre-operative coronal and sagittal alignment parameters and operative details compared with non-DJK patients. Revision operations for DJK, when compared with index operations, involved significantly fewer levels, longer operative times, greater blood loss, and longer hospital lengths of stay. These factors resulted in significantly greater direct costs for revision operations for DJK ($76,883 v. $46,595; p < 0.01).

Conclusions
In this single-center experience, risk factors for development of DJK were greater BMI, lower post-operative thoracic kyphosis, and LIV cranial to SSV. As revision operations for DJK were significantly more costly than index operations, all efforts should be aimed at strategies to prevent DJK in the AIS population.
A comparative study of LSTM-ED architectures in forecasting day-ahead solar photovoltaic energy using Weather Data
Authors: Ekinci Ekin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSolar photovoltaic (PV) energy, with its clean, local, and renewable features, is an effective complement to traditional energy sources today. However, the photovoltaic power system is highly weather-dependent and therefore has unstable and intermittent characteristics. Despite the negative impact of these features on solar sources, the increase in worldwide installed PV capacity has made solar energy prediction an important research topic. This study compares three encoder-decoder (ED) networks for day-ahead solar PV energy prediction: Long Short-Term Memory ED (LSTM-ED), Convolutional LSTM ED (Conv-LSTM-ED), and Convolutional Neural Network and LSTM ED (CNN-LSTM-ED). The models are tested using 1741-day-long datasets from 26 PV panels in Istanbul, Turkey, considering both power and energy output of the panels and meteorological features. The results show that the Conv-LSTM-ED with 50 iterations is the most successful model, achieving an average prediction score of up to 0.88 over R-square (R2). Evaluation of the iteration counts’ effect reveals that the Conv-LSTM-ED with 50 iterations also yields the lowest Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) values, confirming its success. In addition, the fitness and effectiveness of the models are evaluated, with the Conv-LSTM-ED achieving the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) values for each iteration. The findings of this work can help researchers build the best data-driven methods for forecasting PV solar energy based on PV features and meteorological features.
DKC1 aggravates gastric cancer cell migration and invasion through up-regulating the expression of TNFAIP6
Authors: Chen Huihua , Wu Yibo , Jiang Yancheng , Chen Zixuan , Zheng Tingjin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is one hackneyed malignancy tumor accompanied by high death rate. DKC1 has been discovered to serve as a facilitator in several cancers. Additionally, it was discovered from one study that DKC1 displayed higher expression in GC tissues than in the normal tissues. Nevertheless, its role and regulatory mechanism in GC is yet to be illustrated. In this study, it was proved that DKC1 expression was upregulated in GC tissues through GEPIA and UALCAN databases. Moreover, we discovered that DKC1 exhibited higher expression in GC cells. Functional experiments testified that DKC1 accelerated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in GC. Further investigation disclosed that the weakened cell proliferation, migration, and invasion stimulated by DKC1 knockdown can be reversed after TNFAIP6 overexpression. Lastly, through in vivo experiments, it was demonstrated that DKC1 strengthened tumor growth. In conclusion, our work uncovered that DKC1 aggravated GC cell migration and invasion through upregulating the expression of TNFAIP6. This discovery might highlight the function of DKC1 in GC treatment.
Unlabeled learning algorithms and operations: overview and future trends in defense sector
Authors: e Oliveira Eduardo , Rodrigues Marco , Pereira João Paulo , Lopes António M. , Mestric Ivana Ilic , Bjelogrlic Sandro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the defense sector, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have been used to analyse and decipher massive volumes of data, namely for target recognition, surveillance, threat detection and cybersecurity, autonomous vehicles and drones guidance, and language translation. However, there are key points that have been identified as barriers or challenges, especially related to data curation. For this reason, and also due to the need for quick response, the defense sector is looking for AI technologies capable of successfully processing and extracting results from huge amounts of unlabelled or very poorly labelled data. This paper presents an in-depth review of AI/ML algorithms for unsupervised or poorly supervised data, and machine learning operations (MLOps) techniques that are suitable for the defense industry. The algorithms are divided according to their nature, meaning that they either focus on techniques, or on applications. Techniques can belong to the supervision spectrum, or focus on explainability. Applications are either focused on text processing or computer vision. MLOps techniques, tools and practices are then discussed, revealing approaches and reporting experiences with the objective of declaring how to make the operationalization of ML integrated systems more efficient. Despite many contributions from several researchers and industry, further efforts are required to construct substantially robust and reliable models and supporting infrastructures for AI systems, which are reliable and suitable for the defense sector. This review brings up-to-date information regarding AI algorithms and MLOps that will be helpful for future research in the field.
Fashion intelligence in the Metaverse: promise and future prospects
Authors: Mu Xiangyu , Zhang Haijun , Shi Jianyang , Hou Jie , Ma Jianghong , Yang Yimin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and the constraints on offline activities imposed due to the sudden outbreak of the COVID epidemic, the Metaverse has recently attracted significant research attention from both academia and industrial practitioners. Fashion, as an expression of a consumer’s aesthetics and personality, has enormous economic potential in both the real world and the Metaverse. In this research, we provide a comprehensive survey of two of the most important components of fashion in the Metaverse: virtual digital humans, and tasks related to fashion items. We survey state-of-the-art articles from 2007 to the present and provide a new taxonomy of extant research topics based on these articles. We also highlight the applications of these topics in the Metaverse from the perspectives of designers and consumers. Finally, we describe possible scenes involving fashion in the Metaverse. The current challenges and open issues related to the fashion industry in the Metaverse are also discussed in order to provide guidance for fashion practitioners, and to shed some light on the future development of fashion AI in the Metaverse.
Reaction-diffusion equations on metric graphs with edge noise
Authors: Sikolya E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe investigate stochastic reaction-diffusion equations on finite metric graphs. On each edge in the graph a multiplicative cylindrical Gaussian noise driven reaction-diffusion equation is given. The vertex conditions are the standard continuity and generalized, non-local Neumann-Kirchhoff-type law in each vertex. The reaction term on each edge is assumed to be an odd degree polynomial, not necessarily of the same degree on each edge, with possibly stochastic coefficients and negative leading term. The model is a generalization of the problem in
[14] where polynomials with much more restrictive assumptions are considered and no first order differential operator is involved. We utilize the semigroup approach from
[15] to obtain existence and uniqueness of solutions with sample paths in the space of continuous functions on the graph.
Utilization of Silybum marianum extract as a high-performance natural antioxidant for polyethylene
Authors: Pınar Ozlem , Koc Fatma Ebru , Alanalp Mine Begum , Sivri Nurcan , Ezdesir Ayhan , Durmus Ali 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, Silybum marianum extract powder was introduced into low density polyethylene (LDPE) as a primary polyphenolic antioxidant via melt blending method. Two synthetic and commercial polyphenol- and phosphite-based antioxidants (Irganox® 1010 and Irgafos® 168) were also used for comparing the antioxidant efficiency and performance of Silybum marianum extract with commercial ones. A systematic formulation study was achieved by varying the amount of Silybum marianum extract in the range of 0.1–1.0 wt% and the primary:secondary antioxidant ratio. Antioxidant efficiency of Silybum marianum extract was quantified with the oxygen induction time (OIT) and oxidation onset temperature values determined by thermal analysis in a differential scanning calorimeter depending on the compositional variations. Some physical properties of specimens such as transparency, color coordinates, contact angle, and degree of crystallinity values were also examined. It was found that 0.2 wt% of Silybum marianum extract and 0.2 wt% of Irgafos® 168 loaded sample showed an OIT value of 22 min. at 210 °C that could be regarded as a very successful commercial potential. Increasing amount of Silybum marianum extract and Irgafos® 168 significantly improved the oxidation stability of polyethylene under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. It was also found that introducing Silybum marianum extract, even the loading content of 1.0 wt%, did not alter the transparency and physical properties of LDPE. It has been concluded that Silybum marianum extract can be successfully used as a natural antioxidant in polyolefins and these samples could be used in packaging film applications.
Graphical Abstract