bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reexamining Differences Between Black and White Veterans in Hospital Mortality and Other Outcomes in Veterans Affairs and Other Hospitals
Authors: Yoon Jean 
Published: February 2024

Objectives:
To examine Black-White patient differences in mortality and other hospital outcomes among Veterans treated in Veterans Affairs (VA) and non-VA hospitals.

Background:
Lower hospital mortality has been documented in older Black patients relative to White patients, yet the mechanisms have not been determined. Comparing other hospital outcomes and multiple hospital systems may help inform the reasons for these differences.

Methods:
Repeated cross-sectional analysis of hospitalization records was conducted for Veterans discharged in VA and non-VA hospitals from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017 in 11 states. Hospital outcomes included 30-day mortality, 30-day readmissions, inpatient costs, and length of stay. Hospitalizations were for acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, gastrointestinal bleeding, heart failure, pneumonia, and stroke. Differences in outcomes were estimated between Black and White patients for VA and non-VA hospitals and age groups younger than 65 years or 65 years and older in regression models adjusting for patient and hospital factors.

Results:
There were a total of 459,574 study patients. Older Black patients had lower adjusted mortality for acute myocardial infarction, gastrointestinal bleeding, heart failure, and pneumonia. Adjusted probability of readmission was higher and adjusted mean length of stay and costs were greater for older Black patients relative to White patients in non-VA hospitals for several conditions. Fewer differences were observed in younger patients and in VA hospitals.

Conclusion:
While older Black patients had lower mortality, other outcomes compared poorly with White patients. Differences were not fully explained by observable patient and hospital factors although social determinants may contribute to these differences.
[18F]-PSMA-1007 PET imaging optimization and inter-rater reliability – a comparison of three different reconstructions read by four radiologists
Authors: Jonmarker Olof , Nilsson Ted , Axelsson Rimma , Ericson Lovisa Hult , Tran Thuy A. , Tzortzakakis Antonios , Savitcheva Irina , Holstensson Maria 
Published: February 2024

Objectives
To increase understanding of optimal imaging parameters [18F]PSMA-1007 when imaging patients with prostate cancer and to determine interrater agreement using [18F]PSMA-1007.

Methods
In this observational study, four independent physicians read reconstruction sets using bedtimes of 1, 2 and 3 minutes of patients undergoing [18F]PSMA-1007. positron emission topography. Clear and equivocal lesions and their locations were recorded. Image noise was rated on a four-point scale. Lesion counts were compared using inter-class correlation whereas noise ratings were compared using generalized estimating equations. Repeated cases were used to assess intra-rater agreement.

Results
Sixty reconstruction sets of 16 consecutively examined participants were included. Participants had a mean age of 71.5 years, six of them were examined prior to any treatment, three had a history of radiotherapy and seven of prostatectomy. Median Gleason score of primary tumors was 7. Imaging was performed after a mean of 132 min using a mean 3.95 MBq/Kg body weight of [18F] PSMA-1007. Neither the total number of lesions per location nor the proportion of equivocal lesions varied consistently between bedtimes. Inter-rater reliability scores varied depending on location from 0.40 to 1.0 and were similar for all bedtimes. Intra-rater reliability varied between 0.70 and 0.76 for the three different bedtimes. Noise ratings were significantly lower for 1 minute than 3 minutes per bed.

Conclusion
In the setting of [18F]PSMA-1007 PET CT, 1, 2 and 3 minutes per bed produce similar results unlikely to affect clinical interpretation. Image noise ratings favor 2 and 3 minutes per bed.
Health-related quality of life and related factors in patients with colorectal cancer in Iran: a systematic review
Authors: Naeimabadi Zahra , Bana Derakhshan Homayoon , Rassouli Maryam , Ebadi Abbas 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
This systematic review aims to examine the health-related quality of life (QOL) in Iranian patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and its related factors.

Methods:
A thorough, systematic search was conducted in different international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database using keywords such as “Colorectal neoplasm”, “Colorectal tumors”, “Colorectal cancer”, “Quality of life”, and “Life quality” from the earliest to 17 October 2022. The quality of the studies included in this systematic review was evaluated using the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS tool).

Results:
There were 820 CRC patients in the five cross-sectional studies that made up this systematic review. The mean score of QOL in patients with CRC was 61.99 (SD=15.87) out of 100 based on EORTC-QLQ-C30, which indicates a moderate to good level of QOL. Factors such as age, gender, living conditions, level of education, occupation, monthly income, health insurance, physical activity, performance status, and comorbidities had a significant relationship with QOL in patients with CRC.

Conclusion:
In sum, the findings of the five studies that were a part of this systematic review revealed that Iranian patients with CRC had a moderate to good QOL. Therefore, managers and health policymakers can create psychological counseling programs with an emphasis on the factors affecting the QOL of patients in light of how crucial it is to raise patients’ understanding of the long-term impacts of CRC and how they affect their QOL.
Unplanned pregnancy and risk of peripartum depression: a prospective cohort study in Saudi pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic
Authors: Alsahafi Imtinan K. , Alblady Eman H. , Magliah Sultan F. , Alahmadi Layan S. , Alshareef Reem J. , Binmahfoodh Dina S. , Alsalem Moayyad S. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Few studies have been conducted on unintended pregnancies and peripartum depression in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between unplanned pregnancies and peripartum depression among pregnant women in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
This prospective cohort study included pregnant women attending an antenatal care clinic in 2021. The London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy was used to assess the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess antenatal and postnatal depression.

Results:
A total of 236 participants were included, of which 25.8% had unplanned pregnancies, 36.0% had ambivalent pregnancies, and 38.1% had planned pregnancies. EPDS results revealed that 77.5% and 73.35% of the females were negative for antenatal and postnatal depression, respectively. A history of stressful events (P=0.001), husband (P=0.020), and family support (P=0.007) was significantly associated with antenatal EPDS score, whereas age (P=0.005), type of delivery (P=0.019), and family support (P=0.031) were significantly associated with the postnatal score.

Conclusion:
Unplanned pregnancies may affect the perinatal mental health of women. We demonstrated the importance of family or husbands’ support for women with perinatal depression. In addition, our research showed that pregnancy at an early age is a risk factor for postnatal depression. Therefore, these women should be closely monitored not only during their pregnancy but also during the first postpartum year.
Risk factor analysis and prediction model construction for surgical patients with venous thromboembolism: a prospective study
Authors: Pan Shucheng , Bian Lifang , Luo Huafang , Conway Aaron , Qiao Wenbo , Win Topatana , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Patients undergoing surgery are at high risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). This study aimed to determine the predictive value of risk factors for VTE in surgical patients and to develop a prediction model by integrating independent predictors.

Methods:
A total of 1,111 patients who underwent surgery at clinical departments in a tertiary general hospital were recruited between May and July 2021. Clinical data including patient-related, surgery-related, and laboratory parameters were extracted from the hospital information system and electronic medical records. A VTE prediction model incorporating ten risk variables was constructed using artificial neural networks (ANNs).

Results:
Ten independent factors (X1: age, X2: alcohol consumption, X3: hypertension, X4: bleeding, X5: blood transfusions, X6: general anesthesia, X7: intrathecal anesthesia, X8: D-dimer, X9: C-reactive protein, and X10: lymphocyte percentage) were identified as associated with an increased risk of VTE. Ten-fold cross validation results showed that the ANN model was capable of predicting VTE in surgical patients, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89, a Brier score of 0.01, an accuracy of 0.96, and a F1 score of 0.92. The ANN model slightly outperformed the logistic regression model and the Caprini model, but a DeLong test showed that the statistical difference in the AUCs of the ANN and logistic regression models was insignificant (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
Ten statistical indicators relevant to VTE risk prediction for surgical patients were identified, and ANN and logistic regression both showed promising results as decision-supporting tools for VTE prediction.
Night time heart rate predicts next-day pain in fibromyalgia and primary back pain
Authors: Dudarev Veronica , Barral Oswald , Radaeva Mariia , Davis Guy , Enns James T. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Primary chronic pain is pain that persists for over 3 months without associated measurable tissue damage. One of the most consistent findings in primary chronic pain is its association with autonomic hyperactivation. Yet whether the autonomic hyperactivation causes the pain or results from it is still unclear. It is also unclear to what extent autonomic hyperactivation is related to experienced pain intensity in different subtypes or primary chronic pain.

Objectives:
Our first aim was to test lagged relationships between the markers of autonomic activation (heart rate) and pain intensity to determine its directionality. The main question here was whether autonomic biomarkers predict pain intensity or whether pain intensity predicts autonomic biomarkers. The second aim was to test whether this relationship is different between people with primary back pain and people with fibromyalgia.

Methods:
Sixty-six patients with chronic pain were observed over an average of 81 days. Sleep heart rate and heart rate variability were measured with a wearable sensor, and pain intensity was assessed from daily subjective reports.

Results:
The results showed a predictive relationship between sleep heart rate and next-day pain intensity (P < 0.05), but not between daily pain intensity and next night heart rate. There was no interaction with the type of chronic pain.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that autonomic hyperactivation, whether stress-driven or arising from other causes, precedes increases in primary chronic pain. Moreover, the present results suggest that autonomic hyperactivation is a common mechanism underlying the pain experience in fibromyalgia and chronic back pain.
Publication Trends of Research on Adverse Event and Patient Safety in Nursing Research: A 8-Year Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Lin Miaoyuan , Chen Bei , Xiao Leyao , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2024

Background
Adverse events (AEs), which are associated with medical system instability, poor clinical outcomes, and increasing socioeconomic burden, represent a negative outcome of the healthcare system and profoundly influence patient safety. However, research into AEs remains at a developmental stage according to the existing literature, and no previous studies have systematically reviewed the current state of research in the field of AEs. Therefore, the aims of this study were to interpret the results of published research in the field of AEs through bibliometric analysis and to analyze the trends and patterns in the data, which will be important for subsequent innovations in the field.

Methods
A statistical and retrospective visualization bibliometric analysis was performed on July 28, 2022. The research data were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection, and bibliometric citation analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer 1.6.18, CiteSpace 6.1.R2, and the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology (http://bibliometric.com/).

Results
A total of 1035 publications on AEs were included in the analysis. The number of articles increased annually from 2014 to 2022. Among them, the United States (n = 318) made the largest contribution, and Chung-Ang University (n = 20) was the affiliation with the greatest influence in this field. Despite notable international cooperation, a regional concentration of research literature production was observed in economically more developed countries. In terms of authors, Stone ND (n = 9) was the most productive author in the research of AEs. Most of the publications concerning AEs were cited from internationally influential nursing journals, and the Journal of Nursing Management (n = 62) was the most highly published journal. Regarding referencing, the article titled “Medical error—the third leading cause of death in the US” received the greatest attention on this topic (51 citations).

Conclusions
After systematically reviewed the current state of research in the field of AEs through bibliometric analysis, and AEs highlighted medication errors, patient safety, according reporting, and quality improvement as essential developments and research hotspots in this field. Furthermore, thematic analysis identified 2 new directions in research, concerned with psychological safety, nurse burnout, and with important research value and broad application prospects in the future.
Focused Ultrasound Blood-Brain Barrier Opening Arrests the Growth and Formation of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations
Authors: Fisher Delaney G. , Sharifi Khadijeh A. , Shah Ishaan M. , Gorick Catherine M. , Breza Victoria R. , Debski Anna C. , Hoch Matthew R. , Cruz Tanya , Samuels Joshua D. , Sheehan Jason P. , Schlesinger David , Moore David , Lukens John R. , Miller G. Wilson , Tvrdik Petr , Price Richard J. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUNDCerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are vascular lesions within the central nervous system, consisting of dilated and hemorrhage-prone capillaries. CCMs can cause debilitating neurological symptoms, and surgical excision or stereotactic radiosurgery are the only current treatment options. Meanwhile, transient blood-brain barrier opening (BBBO) with focused ultrasound (FUS) and microbubbles is now understood to exert potentially beneficial bioeffects, such as stimulation of neurogenesis and clearance of amyloid-β. Here, we tested whether FUS BBBO could be deployed therapeutically to control CCM formation and progression in a clinically-representative murine model.METHODSCCMs were induced in mice by postnatal, endothelial-specificKrit1ablation. FUS was applied for BBBO with fixed peak-negative pressures (PNPs; 0.2-0.6 MPa) or passive cavitation detection-modulated PNPs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to target FUS treatments, evaluate safety, and measure longitudinal changes in CCM growth after BBBO.RESULTSFUS BBBO elicited gadolinium accumulation primarily at the perilesional boundaries of CCMs, rather than lesion cores. Passive cavitation detection and gadolinium contrast enhancement were comparable in CCM and wild-type mice, indicating thatKrit1ablation does not confer differential sensitivity to FUS BBBO. Acutely, CCMs exposed to FUS BBBO remained structurally stable, with no signs of hemorrhage. Longitudinal MRI revealed that FUS BBBO halted the growth of 94% of CCMs treated in the study. At 1 month, FUS BBBO-treated lesions lost, on average, 9% of their pre-sonication volume. In contrast, non-sonicated control lesions grew to 670% of their initial volume. Lesion control with FUS BBBO was accompanied by a marked reduction in the area and mesenchymal appearance ofKritmutant endothelium. Strikingly, in mice receiving multiple BBBO treatments with fixed PNPs,de novoCCM formation was significantly reduced by 81%. Mock treatment plans on MRIs of patients with surgically inaccessible lesions revealed their lesions are amenable to FUS BBBO with current clinical technology.CONCLUSIONSOur results establish FUS BBBO as a novel, non-invasive modality that can safely arrest murine CCM growth and prevent theirde novoformation. As an incisionless, MR image-guided therapy with the ability to target eloquent brain locations, FUS BBBO offers an unparalleled potential to revolutionize the therapeutic experience and enhance the accessibility of treatments for CCM patients.
Thalamic feedback shapes brain responses evoked by cortical stimulation in mice and humans
Authors: Russo Simone , Claar Leslie , Marks Lydia , Krishnan Giri , Furregoni Giulia , Zauli Flavia Maria , Hassan Gabriel , Solbiati Michela , d’Orio Piergiorgio , Mikulan Ezequiel , Sarasso Simone , Rosanova Mario , Sartori Ivana , Bazhenov Maxim , Pigorini Andrea , Massimini Marcello , Koch Christof , Rembado Irene 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCortical stimulation with single pulses is a common technique in clinical practice and research. However, we still do not understand the extent to which it engages subcortical circuits which contribute to the associated evoked potentials (EPs). Here we find that cortical stimulation generates remarkably similar EPs in humans and mice, with a late component similarly modulated by the subject’s behavioral state. We optogenetically dissect the underlying circuit in mice, demonstrating that the late component of these EPs is caused by a thalamic hyperpolarization and rebound. The magnitude of this late component correlates with the bursting frequency and synchronicity of thalamic neurons, modulated by the subject’s behavioral state. A simulation of the thalamo-cortical circuit highlights that both intrinsic thalamic currents as well as cortical and thalamic GABAergic neurons contribute to this response profile. We conclude that the cortical stimulation engages cortico-thalamo-cortical circuits highly preserved across different species and stimulation modalities.Graphical abstract
A programmable arthritis-specific receptor for guided articular cartilage regenerative medicine
Authors: Walton Bonnie L. , Shattuck-Brandt Rebecca , Hamann Catherine A. , Tung Victoria W. , Colazo Juan M. , Brand David D. , Hasty Karen A. , Duvall Craig L. , Brunger Jonathan M. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveInvestigational cell therapies have been developed as disease-modifying agents for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), including those that inducibly respond to inflammatory factors driving OA progression. However, dysregulated inflammatory cascades do not specifically signify the presence of OA. Here, we deploy a synthetic receptor platform that regulates cell behaviors in an arthritis-specific fashion to confine transgene expression to sites characterized by cartilage degeneration.MethodsAn scFv specific for type II collagen (CII) was used to produce a synthetic Notch (synNotch) receptor that enables “CII-synNotch” mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to recognize CII fibers exposed in damaged cartilage. Engineered cell activation by both CII-treated culture surfaces and on primary tissue samples was measured via inducible reporter transgene expression. TGFβ3-expressing cells were assessed for cartilage anabolic gene expression via qRT-PCR. In a co-culture with CII-synNotch MSCs engineered to express IL-1Ra, ATDC5 chondrocytes were stimulated with IL-1α, and inflammatory responses of ATDC5s were profiled via qRT-PCR and an NF-kB reporter assay.ResultsCII-synNotch MSCs are highly responsive to CII, displaying activation ranges over 40-fold in response to physiologic CII inputs. CII-synNotch cells exhibit the capacity to distinguish between healthy and damaged cartilage tissue and constrain transgene expression to regions of exposed CII fibers. Receptor-regulated TGFβ3 expression resulted in upregulation ofAcan andCol2a1in MSCs, and inducible IL-1Ra expression by engineered CII-synNotch MSCs reduced pro-inflammatory gene expression in chondrocytes.ConclusionThis work demonstrates proof-of-concept that the synNotch platform guides MSCs for spatially regulated, disease-dependent delivery of OA-relevant biologic drugs.
Digital Health Tools Applications in Frail Older Adults - A Review Article
Authors: Isaradech Natthanaphop , Sirikul Wachiranun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundFrailty is a common degenerative condition highly prevalent in adults over 60 years old. A frail person has a higher risk of morbidities and mortality when exposed to health-related stressors. However, frailty is a reversible state when it is early diagnosed. Studies have shown that frail people who participated in an exercise prescription have a greater chance to transition from frail to fit. Additionally, with a rapid advancement of technology, a vast majority of studies are supporting evidence regarding the digital health tools application on frail population in recent years.ObjectivesThis review comprehensively summarizes and discusses about technology application in frail persons to capture the current knowledge gaps and propose future research directions to support additional research in this field.MethodsWe used PubMed to search literature (2012-2023) with pre-specified terms. Studies required older adults (≥40 years) using digital tools for frailty comparison, association, or prediction and we excluded non-English studies and those lacking frailty comparison or digital tool use.FindingsOur review found potential etiognostic factors in trunk, gait, upper-extremity, and physical activity parameters for diagnosing frailty using digital tools in older adults.ConclusionStudies suggest exercise improves frailty status, emphasizing the need for integrated therapeutic platforms and personalized prevention recommendations.