bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VEGF-mediated endothelial P-selectin translocation: role of VEGF receptors and endogenous PAF synthesis
Authors: Rollin Simon , Lemieux Caroline , Maliba Ricardo , Favier Judith , Villeneuve Louis R. , Allen Bruce G. , Soker Shay , Bazan Nicolas G. , Merhi Yahye , Sirois Martin G. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractThe acute increase in vascular permeability produced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A165) requires activation of endothelial Flk-1 receptors (VEGFR-2) and stimulation of platelet-activating factor (PAF) synthesis. Like PAF, VEGF-A165 promotes translocation of P-selectin to the endothelial cell (EC) surface. However, the mechanisms involved remain unknown. By treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with VEGF analogs, we show that activation of VEGFR-1 or VEGFR-2 or both induced a rapid and transient translocation of endothelial P-selectin and neutrophil adhesion to activated ECs. The effects mediated by VEGF-A165 and VEGF-A121 (VEGFR-1/VEGFR-2 agonists) were blocked by a selective VEGFR-2 inhibitor, SU1498. VEGF-A165 was twice as potent as VEGF-A121, which can be explained by the binding capacity of VEGF-A165 to its coreceptor neuropilin-1 (NRP-1). Indeed, treatment with NRP-1 antagonist (GST-Ex7) reduced the effect of VEGF-A165 to the levels observed upon stimulation with VEGF-A121. Finally, the use of selective PAF receptor antagonists reduced VEGF-A165–mediated P-selectin translocation. Together, these data show that maximal P-selectin translocation and subsequent neutrophil adhesion was mediated by VEGF-A165 on the activation of VEGFR-2/NRP-1 complex and required PAF synthesis.
Combined deficiency in IκBα and IκBϵ reveals a critical window of NF-κB activity in natural killer cell differentiation
Authors: Samson Sandrine I. , Mémet Sylvie , Vosshenrich Christian A. J. , Colucci Francesco , Richard Odile , Ndiaye Delphine , Israël Alain , Di Santo James P. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractNuclear factor κB (NF-κB) transcription factors are key regulators of immune, inflammatory, and acute-phase responses and are also implicated in the control of cell proliferation and apoptosis. While perturbations in NF-κB activity impact strongly on B- and T-cell development, little is known about the role for NF-κB in natural killer (NK) cell differentiation. Inhibitors of NF-κB (IκBs) act to restrain NF-κB activation. We analyzed the cell-intrinsic effects of deficiencies in 2 IκB members (IκBα and IκBϵ) on NK cell differentiation. Neither IκBα nor IκBϵ deficiency had major effects on NK cell generation, while their combined absence led to NF-κB hyperactivation, resulting in reduced NK cell numbers, incomplete NK cell maturation, and defective interferon γ (IFN-γ) production. Complementary analysis of transgenic mice expressing an NF-κB-responsive reporter gene showed increased NF-κB activity at the stage of NK cell development corresponding to the partial block observed in IκBα × IκBϵ-deficient mice. These results define a critical window in NK cell development in which NF-κB levels may be tightly controlled. (Blood. 2004;103:4573-4580)
Survival of children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Quinn Charles T. , Rogers Zora R. , Buchanan George R. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractContemporary survival data are not available for children with sickle cell disease (SCD). The few previous childhood SCD cohort studies do not reflect the benefits of modern therapy. We defined an inception cohort of newborns with sickle cell anemia (SS), sickle-β°-thalassemia (S β°), sickle-hemoglobin C disease (SC), or sickle-β+-thalassemia (Sβ+) who were identified by newborn screening and followed for up to 18 years. The incidence of death and stroke were calculated. Overall survival, SCD-related survival (considering only SCD-related deaths), and strokefree survival were determined. The 711 subjects provided 5648 patient-years of observation. Twenty-five subjects died; mean age at death was 5.6 years. Five patients died from infection. Thirty had at least one stroke. Among SS and Sβ° subjects (n = 448), the overall rates of death and stroke were 0.59 and 0.85/100 patient-years. Survival analysis of SS and Sβ° subjects predicted the cumulative overall, SCD-related, and stroke-free survival to be 85.6%, 93.6%, and 88.5% by 18 years of age. No SCD-related deaths or strokes occurred in SC or Sβ+ subjects (n = 263). Childhood mortality from SCD is decreasing, the mean age at death is increasing, and a smaller proportion of deaths are from infection.
Transgenic mice studies demonstrate a role for platelet factor 4 in thrombosis: dissociation between anticoagulant and antithrombotic effect of heparin
Authors: Eslin Don E. , Zhang Chunyan , Samuels Kathleen J. , Rauova Lubica , Zhai Li , Niewiarowski Stefan , Cines Douglas B. , Poncz Mortimer , Kowalska M. Anna 
Published: February 2004

AbstractThe platelet-specific chemokine platelet factor 4 (PF4) is released in large amounts at sites of vascular injury. PF4 binds to heparin with high affinity, but its in vivo biologic role has not been defined. We studied the role of PF4 in thrombosis using heterozygote and homozygote PF4 knock-out mice (mPF4+/– and mPF4–/–, respectively) and transgenic mice overexpressing human PF4 (hPF4+). None of these lines had an overt bleeding diathesis, but in a FeCl3 carotid artery thrombosis model, all showed impaired thrombus formation. This defect in thrombus formation in the mPF4–/– animals was corrected by infusing hPF4 over a narrow concentration range. The thrombotic defect in the mPF4+/– and mPF4–/– animals was particularly sensitive to infusions of the negatively charged anticoagulant heparin. However, the same amount of heparin paradoxically normalized thrombus formation in the hPF4+ animals, although these animals were anticoagulated systemically. Upon infusion of the positively charged protein, protamine sulfate, the reverse was observed with mPF4+/– and mPF4–/– animals having improved thrombosis, with the hPF4+ animals having worsened thrombus formation. These studies support an important role for PF4 in thrombosis, and show that neutralization of PF4 is an important component of heparin's anticoagulant effect. The mechanisms underlying these observations of PF4 biology and their clinical implications remain to be determined.
Single-Crystalline Photochromism of Diarylethenes
Authors: Kobatake Seiya , Irie Masahiro 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Diarylethene single crystals which exhibit thermally irreversible and fatigue-resistant photochromic reactions have been developed. Upon irradiation with ultraviolet light, the colorless diarylethene crystals turn yellow, red, blue, or green, depending on the substituents of the aryl groups. Dichroism of the photogenerated absorption spectra and in situ X-ray crystallographic analysis confirmed that the diarylethene molecules underwent photochromism in the single-crystalline phase. The photocyclization quantum yields were found to depend on the distance between the reactive carbon atoms in the crystal; the yields were close to unity when the distance is less than 4.2 Å. Multi-color photochromism was demonstrated for the crystals composed of two types of diarylethenes. The diarylethene single crystals showed reversible surface morphology changes upon photoirradiation.
Low serum vitamin B12 levels in an outpatient HIV-infected population
Authors: Hepburn Matthew J , Dyal Kamal , Runser Lloyd A , Barfield Russell L , Hepburn Lisa M , Fraser Susan L 
Published: February 2004

A retrospective review was conducted on serum vitamin B12 levels in an HIV-infected outpatient cohort, many of whom received antiretroviral therapy. B12 levels were obtained at most staging visits (every six months) and when clinically indicated. For each serum B12 level, laboratory values and clinical symptoms were recorded. Thirty-two patients (32/251 or 13%) had at least one low B12 level (<211pg/ mL) during the course of their HIV infection. Within two years of their initial HIV presentation, 6/57 patients had a low serum B12. Using multiple linear regression analysis, a higher serum B12 level was significantly associated with higher folate levels, African-American race, and lower mean corpuscular volume. B12 levels increased significantly after initiating antiretroviral therapy (416 vs 535 pg/mL, P = 0.04). In conclusion, low serum B12 levels occur commonly among HIV-infected patients, even at early stages without overt symptoms of B12 deficiency. Antiretroviral therapy may increase serum B12 levels.
Possible Warfarin Failure Due to Interaction with Smokeless Tobacco
Authors: Kuykendall Jim R , Houle Michael D , Rhodes Richard S 
Published: February 2004

OBJECTIVE To report a case of possible interaction of smokeless tobacco with warfarin in a patient treated after several thromboembolic events. CASE SUMMARY A white man with a long history of smokeless tobacco use was unsuccessfully treated with warfarin up to 25–30 mg/day. International normalized ratio (INR) values never stabilized >2.0 over 4.5 years of therapy. This patient had experienced 3 myocardial infarctions (MIs) and 2 ischemic strokes between the ages of 29 and 31 years and experienced another MI at age 33 years. This was followed by several episodes of transient ischemic attacks at age 34 years. During the final year of warfarin treatment, tobacco use was terminated, followed by an increase in INR values from 1.1 to 2.3 within one week. Warfarin therapy was discontinued and smokeless tobacco use was reinstated and tapered slowly to discontinuation. Following warfarin discontinuation, ticlopidine therapy was initiated. Subsequently, this patient was placed on long-term clopidogrel therapy. Mechanisms responsible for this interaction have not been established, but would most likely involve an increased dietary source of vitamin K from tobacco. DISCUSSION Tobacco contains high levels of vitamin K, and its use may have contributed directly to the failure of warfarin therapy to achieve therapeutic INR levels in this patient. An objective causality scale indicates a probable association between this combination and the adverse effects. Smokeless tobacco use should be charted in patients undergoing warfarin therapy, and patients who desire to stop tobacco use should be aided in this process. CONCLUSIONS Possible health effects of smokeless tobacco may include potential drug interactions. These interactions may be based on pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic parameters involving any of the many pharmacologically active substituents of tobacco. Proposed mechanisms of drug interaction may include increased vitamin K levels in the diet.
Clinical Activities of an Academic Pediatric Pharmacy Team
Authors: Condren Michelle E , Haase Mark R , Luedtke Sherry A , Gaylor Allyson S 
Published: February 2004

BACKGROUND Pharmacy school faculty, residents, and students have been shown to positively impact patient care in multiple settings. However, their potential role in the care of pediatric patients has not been described. OBJECTIVE To document the contribution of pharmacy school faculty, residents, and students to the optimization of medical care for pediatric patients. METHODS All clinical interventions performed by faculty, residents, and students for pediatric patients seen from January through December 2002 were recorded and analyzed. The interventions were concurrently recorded using a handheld and desktop computer-based documentation system, the Pharmacist's Electronic Database for Interventions, developed by the pediatric practice team. Practice sites included general pediatrics, pediatric intensive care, neonatal intensive care, and ambulatory clinics. RESULTS Four faculty members, 5 residents, and 44 students collected intervention data. A total of 4605 interventions were performed for 3978 patients. The most common interventions performed were drug therapy change, pharmacokinetic monitoring, drug information, and medication histories/patient education. Drug added and drug deleted were the most frequent interventions performed in the drug therapy change category. The most common indications for which interventions were made were infectious (39.6%) and respiratory (23.3%) diseases. A total of 223 adverse drug events or medication errors were prevented or detected during the study period. Errors in dosing (overdose or underdose) were the most commonly encountered adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacy school faculty, residents, and students perform numerous clinical activities that play a significant role in the multidisciplinary care of pediatric patients.
Darstellung und H
∞-Regelung örtlich verteilter, linearer, zeitinvarianter Systeme
Authors: Reinschke Johannes 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Der Beitrag befasst sich mit Regelstrecken, deren Ein- und Ausgangssignale neben der Zeit auch von örtlichen Koordinaten abhängen können. Für den modellgestützten Reglerentwurf mittels Standard-H
∞-Methoden wird die Klasse endlich-dimensionaler, örtlich verteilter, linearer, zeitinvarianter Systeme (so genannter 〟FDDLTI-Systeme〞) eingeführt. Das 〟Spillover〞-Problem kann durch eine robuste Stabilitätsanalyse bzw. einen robusten Reglerentwurf vermieden werden. Mögliche Anwendungen der hier entwickelten Theorie sind z.B. Regelungen der Wärmeleitung sowie von Membran- und Plattenschwingungen, insbesondere wenn die Platzierung der Sensoren und Aktuatoren nicht vorgegeben, sondern als Teil eines optimalen Reglerentwurfs zu bestimmen ist.
Flachheitsbasierter Entwurf von linearen und nichtlinearen Vorsteuerungen (Flatness-based Design of Linear and Nonlinear Feedforward Controls)
Authors: Hagenmeyer Veit , Zeitz Michael 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Modellbasierte Vorsteuerungen werden zur gezielten Beeinflussung des Führungsverhaltens einer Regelung verwendet. Nominale Vorsteuerungen benötigen das inverse Modell der Regelstrecke. Die damit zusammenhängenden Probleme der Realisierbarkeit einer Vorsteuerung und deren Instabilität im Fall von nichtminimalphasigen Strecken können für flache Systeme gelöst werden. Dabei werden die Solltrajektorien der Steuerung und Regelung in den Koordinaten des flachen Ausgangs geplant. Der flachheitsbasierte Entwurf von linearen und nichtlinearen Vorsteuerungen wird beispielhaft für einen Arbeitspunktwechsel von SISO–Systemen erläutert und an einfachen Beispielen demonstriert.
Parameterrestriktionen bei der Identifikation am Beispiel des LSQ-Problems (Least Squares with a Single Quadratic Constraint)
Authors: Gröll Lutz 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Verschiedenartige praktische Anwendungen führen auf LSQ-Probleme (Least-Squares-Probleme mit einer quadratischen Restriktion). Für diese Klasse von Problemen beschreibt der Beitrag einen numerisch robusten Algorithmus, der sich auf einen Satz von Moré stützt. Der Algorithmus löst das durch die Karush-Kuhn-Tucker-Bedingungen gegebene nichtlineare Gleichungssystem, indem er es auf eine skalare Gleichung für den Lagrange-Multiplikator reduziert. Zusätzlich werden Modifikationen für spezielle LSQ-Probleme vorgeschlagen.
99Tc detection in water samples by ICP-MS
Authors: Mas José L. , García-León M. , Bolívar J. P. 
Published: February 2004

Summary
In this work three radiochemical procedures are presented for the determination of 99Tc in aqueous environmental samples by ICP-MS. Technetium is pre-concentrated from a dilute solution by a reduction-precipitation process using FeSO4 as the reducing agent. The precipitate is treated to extract and isolate Tc by three alternative methods which combine ionic exchange, with conventional or TEVA resins, and solvent extraction techniques using TBP. Special emphasis is paid to isolating the technetium from Mo and Ru, which are the major interfering elements for the mass spectrometric determination of 99Tc.
Limiting transport properties and hydration numbers of actinyl ions in pure water
Authors: Mauerhofer E. , Zhernosekov K. P. , Rösch Frank 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
The transport properties in pure water, i.e. the limiting ionic conductivity (λ°) and the limiting diffusion coefficient (D°), and the hydration numbers (N) of the singly and doubly charged uranyl, neptunyl, plutonyl and americyl ions MO2

n

+ (n = 1 or 2) have been calculated at 298.15K. A geometric model was applied in which the actinyl ions described by ellipsoids of revolution, with the axis O-M-O as axis of revolution, were transformed into spherical ions. The microscopic version of the Stokes–Einstein law has been used to derive the limiting transport properties of the ions. The main parameters involved in the calculations were the size of the bare ion, the effective cationic charge of the central actinide M, the viscosity of the water molecules in the first hydration shell of the ion and the size of this first hydration shell. The results obtained for the limiting transport properties and for the hydration numbers of the actinyl ions were found in good agreement with experimental data from the literature.
Optoelektronisches 3D-Positionsmesssystem (Optical 3D-Position Measuring System)
Authors: Abdelmalek Latifa , Hempel Eckhard , Fischer Harald 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Die Positionserfassung bewegter Komponenten in der Robotik und Medizintechnik wird immer komplexer und erfordert in vielen Anwendungen die gleichzeitige Erfassung vieler Freiheitsgrade eines Objektes im Raum. Das führt zur Entwicklung von 3D-Sensoren, die die Raumlage der Roboter bzw. Instrumente bestimmen können. Ein optoelektronisches und berührungslos arbeitendes Messsystem zur dreidimensionalen Positionserfassung, basierend auf einem CCD-Flächenbildsensor, wurde entwickelt. Es kann sechs Freiheitsgrade erfassen, die drei translatorischen in x-, y- und z-Richtung und die drei rotatorischen um die jeweilige Koordinatenachse. Die experimentell bestimmten Auflösungen des Systems liegen für die x- und y-Richtung bei ca. 1 mm, für die z-Richtung bei 6 mm und für die Rotationen bei ca. 1º.
Affinitätsassay in der Mikrodialysekammer – ein generelles Prinzip für kontinuierlich messende Biosensoren (Affinity Assay in the Microdialysis Cell – a General Principle for On-line Measuring Biosensors)
Authors: Ehwald Rudolf 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Verschiedene physikalische Größen – Fluoreszenzausbeute, Viskosität und osmotischer Partialdruck von Polymeren – wurden bisher zur Erfassung des Ligandenaustauschgleichgewichtes an einem Affinitätsrezeptor in einer Mikrodialyse-Kammer genutzt. Die Affinität des verwendeten Rezeptorproteins für die Liganden darf nicht zu hoch sein, da andernfalls der Ligandenaustausch zu langsam für einen On-line-Sensor erfolgt. Auf dieser Grundlage realisierte Sensoren für Glucose sind in das Unterhautfettgewebe implantierbar. Sie besitzen ein Anwendungspotenzial für das Blutglucose-Monitoring.
Affinitätssensor auf der Grundlage eines Membranosmometers (Affinity Sensor based on a Membrane Osmometer)
Authors: Krieftewirth Michael , Beyer Uwe , Doss Alexander , Ehwald Rudolf 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Beim osmotischen Affinitätssensor wird die Konzentration von niedermolekularen Analytmolekülen gemessen, die einen polymeren Affinitätsliganden aus einem Komplex mit einem Affinitätsrezeptor verdrängen können. Der Ligandenaustausch findet in einem Mikro-Membran-Osmometer statt und führt zu einer Konzentrationsänderung der Polymere in der Osmometerzelle. Somit bewirkt der Ligandenaustausch eine Änderung der hydrostatischen Druckdifferenz gegenüber der Außenlösung. Da der Austausch von Dextranmolekülen an dem Lektin Concanavalin A durch Glucose relativ schnell und reversibel erfolgt, kann die Glucosekonzentration mit einem osmotischen Affinitätssensor kontinuierlich gemessen werden.
Quantitative comparisons of structures
Authors: Dziubek Kamil F. , Katrusiak Andrzej 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
Diagrams of the shortest selected non-bonding distances illustrating and measuring the structural differences have been employed for analysing polymorphs, isostructural crystals, and crystal structures at varied thermodynamical conditions. The diagrams efficiently compare the interatomic, intermolecular or interionic distances, describe quantitatively the crystal packings, and facilitate finding the molecular or ionic features responsible for the formation of polymorphs, isostructural crystals, or strains induced by changes of temperature or pressure. It appears as an immediate conclusion from comparing the interactions in a series of polymorphs and isostructural crystals, that the close packing rule plays the crucial role for the formation of these structures.
Determinations of crystallographic space group and atomic arrangements in oxide-ion-conducting Nd9.33(SiO4)6O2
Authors: Okudera Hiroki , Yoshiasa Akira , Masubuchi Yuji , Higuchi Mikio , Kikkawa Shinichi 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
In this paper we report single crystal X-ray diffraction study of an oxide-ion-conductor Nd9.33(SiO4)6O2 at 150 K. By detailed examinations of the atomic positions and an electron density distribution, it was clearly shown that Nd9.33(SiO4)6O2 has an apatite structure (space group P63/m) with no symmetry lowering or site-splitting. All oxygens in the hexagonal channel were located at their ideal positions (2a site at 0, 0, ¼) of the apatite structure, while their thermal displacements were highly anisotropic and that in the c-axis direction was more than four-times larger than those in other directions. Cation vacancies were located at the nine-coordinated 4f Nd site. The other Nd site (seven-coordinated 6h site) were basically fully occupied. This full occupation of the 6h Nd site makes potential waves inside the hexagonal channel smooth and transports of oxide-ions in the channel much easier. The distortion of SiO4 tetrahedron was not apparent. Crystallographic data at 150 K: Cell dimensions a = 9.5556(6) Å and c = 7.019(2) Å; F
(000) = 852; Z = 1; D
c = 5.779(2) g/cm3.
Comparative neutron and X-ray study of [PPN][HIr4(CO)9(μ-Ph2PCH2PPh2)]
Authors: Detti Serena , Forsyth V. Trevor , Roulet Raymond , Ros Renzo , Tassan Augusto , Schenk Kurt J. 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
The structure of this tetranuclear iridium cluster featuring a terminal Ir–H bond has been investigated by neutron crystallography using the D19 diffractometer at the Institut Laue Langevin in Grenoble. The structure, which is stabilized by numerous C–H⋯O=C hydrogen bonds, has no π–π stacking. The neutron study described here resolves a difficulty encountered in previous X-ray work where it proved impossible to locate reliably the position of hydrogen in the presence of heavy iridium atoms. Neutron crystallography offers unique advantages for this type of problem and in this case has provided the first reliable value for a terminal Ir–H distance of 1.618(14) Å and an intramolecular H–H contact of 2.40(2) Å.
EXAFS Spectroscopy – Fundamentals, Measurement Techniques, Data Evaluation and Applications in the Field of Phthalocyanines
Authors: Krishnan Venkata , Feth Martin P. , Wendel Eric , Chen Yu , Hanack Michael , Bertagnolli Helmut 
Published: February 2004

Abstract
EXAFS spectroscopy is a useful method for determining the local structure around a specific atom in disordered systems. This technique provides information about the coordination number, the nature of the scattering atoms surrounding a particular absorbing atom, the interatomic distance between the absorbing atom and the backscattering atoms, and Debye–Waller factor. The measurements are done with high energy X-rays, which are normally generated by synchrotron radiation sources. The data analysis is facilitated by specially developed program packages suitable for evaluation purposes. EXAFS spectroscopy is employed in several fields for a variety of applications. Here the structural characterization of a series of amorphous μ-oxo-bridged metallophthalocyanine dimers is presented. It is found that the phthalocyanine macrocycle has significant influence in the spectra and the results obtained are in agreement with the well-known structure of phthalocyanine complexes.