bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decadal mapping of flood inundation and damage assessment in the confluence region of Rivers Niger and Benue using multi-sensor data and Google Earth Engine
Authors: Odiji Caleb , James Godstime , Oyewumi Ademuyiwa , Karau Shomboro , Odia Belinda , Idris Halima , Aderoju Olaide , Taminu Abubakar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Climate change has made weather patterns more extreme, causing floods in Nigeria. Flooding is the most frequent and serious natural hazard in the confluence region of Rivers Niger and Benue, impacting lives, agriculture, and socio-economic activities significantly. Advancements in satellite technology and computational capabilities have enhanced rapid information about flood extent for monitoring, mitigation, and planning. However, there is a dearth of information based on time series analysis of flood inundation and monitoring in the confluence region. In this study, Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar, Sentinel-2, and Landsat-7 and Landsat-8 data were used to extract flood inundation for 10 years (2012–2022) in the confluence region of Rivers Niger and Benue. Flood extent/surface waterbodies were extracted using the Google Earth Engine platform, modified normalized difference water index, and normalized difference water index methods. The findings revealed that within 10 years, four significant flooding incidents occurred in 2012, 2018, 2020, and 2022, inundating 60.57, 48.24, 39.98, and 84.39 km2 of the area, respectively. The study underscores the need for the establishment of a decision support system for monitoring flood inundation and providing decision-makers necessary information for flood disaster preparedness, mitigation, and adaptation.
Biochar mitigates the adverse effects of antimony on methanogenic activity: role as methane production-enhancer
Authors: Valenzuela-Cantú Ana K. , Atilano-Camino Marina M. , Cervantes Francisco J. , Pat Espadas Aurora M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Antimony, extensively used in energy applications, poses toxicity and contamination concerns, especially in anaerobic environments where its impact on microbial activity is poorly understood. Emerging remedies, like biochar, show promise in soil and water treatment. This study investigates biochar's influence on methanogenic activity under Sb(V) and Sb(III) stress using anaerobic sludge as inoculum and lactate as the carbon source. Sb(III) and Sb(V) were introduced at varied concentrations (5–80 mg/L), with or without biochar, monitoring changes in biogas production, pH, Sb, and lactate levels over time. Experiments with Sb(V) also involved calculating mass balance and electron distribution. Results showcased the following significant enhancements: biochar notably improved COD removal and biogas production in Sb(III) spiked conditions, up to 5-fold and 2-fold increases, respectively. Sb(III) removal reached up to 99% with biochar, while in high Sb(V) concentrations, biochar reduced the adverse effect on biogas production by 96%. Adsorption capacities favored biomass (60.96 mg Sb(III)/gVSS, and 22.4 mg Sb(V)/gVSS) over biochar (3.33 mg Sb(III)/g, and 1.61 mg Sb(V)/g) for both Sb species. This study underscores biochar's potential to mitigate metalloid impact on methanogenic activity while aiding Sb removal from liquid phase, suggesting promising implications for remediation and methane production enhancement strategies.
How to Identify e-Cigarette Brands Available in the United States During 2020-2022: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Ma Shaoying , Kaareen Aadeeba , Park Hojin , He Yanyun , Jiang Shuning , Qiu Zefeng , Xie Zidian , Li Dongmei , Chen Jian , O’Connor Richard J , Fong Geoffrey T , Shang Ce 
Published: January 2024

Background
Prior studies have demonstrated that the e-cigarette market contains a large number of brands. Identifying these existing e-cigarette brands is a key element of market surveillance, which will further assist in policy making and compliance checks.

Objective
To facilitate the surveillance of the diverse product landscape in the e-cigarette market, we constructed a semantic database of e-cigarette brands that have appeared in the US market as of 2020-2022.

Methods
In order to build the brand database, we searched and compiled e-cigarette brands from a comprehensive list of retail channels and sources, including (1) e-liquid and disposable brands sold in web-based stores, (2) e-cigarette brands sold in brick-and-mortar stores and collected by the Nielsen Retail Scanner Data, (3) e-cigarette brands compiled by Wikipedia, (4) self-reported e-cigarette brands from the 2020 International Tobacco Control Four-Country Smoking and Vaping (ITC 4CV) US survey, and (5) e-cigarette brands on Twitter. We also estimated the top 5 e-cigarette brands by sales volume in brick-and-mortar stores, by the frequency and variety of offerings in web-based shops, and by the frequency of self-reported brands from the 2020 ITC 4CV US survey.

Results
As of 2020-2022, a total of 912 e-cigarette brands have been sold by various retail channels. During 2020-2022, the top 5 brands are JUUL, vuse, njoy, blu, and logic in brick-and-mortar stores; blu, king, monster, twist, and air factory for e-liquids in web-based stores; hyde, pod mesh, suorin, vaporlax, and xtra for disposables sold in web-based stores; and smok, aspire, vaporesso, innokin, and eleaf based on self-reported survey data.

Conclusions
As the US Food and Drug Administration enforces the premarket tobacco market authorization, many e-cigarette brands may become illegal in the US market. In this context, how e-cigarette brands evolve and consolidate in different retail channels will be critical for understanding the regulatory impacts on product availability. Our semantic database of e-cigarette brands can serve as a useful tool to monitor product and marketplace development, conduct compliance checks, assess manufacturers’ marketing behaviors, and identify regulatory impacts.
Identifying and Validating Alcohol Diagnostics for Injury-Related Trauma in South Africa: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Petersen Williams Petal , Prinsloo Megan , Peden Margaret M , Neethling Ian , Mhlongo Shibe , Maqungo Sithombo , Parry Charles , Matzopoulos Richard 
Published: January 2024

Background
The burden of alcohol use among patients with trauma and the relative injury risks is not routinely measured in South Africa. Given the prominent burden of alcohol on hospital trauma departments, South Africa needs practical, cost-effective, and accurate alcohol diagnostic tools for testing, surveillance, and clinical management of patients with trauma.

Objective
This study aims to validate alcohol diagnostics for injury-related trauma and assess its use for improving national health practice and policy.

Methods
The Alcohol Diagnostic Validation for Injury-Related Trauma study will use mixed methods across 3 work packages. Five web-based focus group discussions will be conducted with 6 to 8 key stakeholders, each across 4 areas of expertise (clinical, academic, policy, and operational) to determine the type of alcohol information that will be useful for different stakeholders in the injury prevention and health care sectors. We will then conduct a small pilot study followed by a validation study of alcohol diagnostic tools (clinical assessment, breath analysis, and fingerprick blood) against enzyme immunoassay blood concentration analysis in a tertiary hospital trauma setting with 1000 patients. Finally, selected alcohol diagnostic tools will be tested in a district hospital setting with a further 1000 patients alongside community-based participatory research on the use of the selected tools.

Results
Pilot data are being collected, and the protocol will be modified based on the results.

Conclusions
Through this project, we hope to identify and validate the most appropriate methods of diagnosing alcohol-related injury and violence in a clinical setting. The findings from this study are likely to be highly relevant and could influence our primary beneficiaries—policy makers and senior health clinicians—to adopt new practices and policies around alcohol testing in injured patients. The findings will be disseminated to relevant national and provincial government departments, policy experts, and clinicians. Additionally, we will engage in media advocacy and with our stakeholders, including community representatives, work through several nonprofit partners to reach civil society organizations and share findings. In addition, we will publish findings in scientific journals.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/52949
ChatGPT Use Among Pediatric Health Care Providers: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kisvarday Susannah , Yan Adam , Yarahuan Julia , Kats Daniel J , Ray Mondira , Kim Eugene , Hong Peter , Spector Jacob , Bickel Jonathan , Parsons Chase , Rabbani Naveed , Hron Jonathan D 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

The public launch of OpenAI’s ChatGPT platform generated immediate interest in the use of large language models (LLMs). Health care institutions are now grappling with establishing policies and guidelines for the use of these technologies, yet little is known about how health care providers view LLMs in medical settings. Moreover, there are no studies assessing how pediatric providers are adopting these readily accessible tools.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine how pediatric providers are currently using LLMs in their work as well as their interest in using a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)–compliant version of ChatGPT in the future.

METHODS

A survey instrument consisting of structured and unstructured questions was iteratively developed by a team of informaticians from various pediatric specialties. The survey was sent via Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) to all Boston Children’s Hospital pediatric providers. Participation was voluntary and uncompensated, and all survey responses were anonymous.

RESULTS

Surveys were completed by 390 pediatric providers. Approximately 50% (197/390) of respondents had used an LLM; of these, almost 75% (142/197) were already using an LLM for nonclinical work and 27% (52/195) for clinical work. Providers detailed the various ways they are currently using an LLM in their clinical and nonclinical work. Only 29% (n=105) of 362 respondents indicated that ChatGPT should be used for patient care in its present state; however, 73.8% (273/368) reported they would use a HIPAA-compliant version of ChatGPT if one were available. Providers’ proposed future uses of LLMs in health care are described.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite significant concerns and barriers to LLM use in health care, pediatric providers are already using LLMs at work. This study will give policy makers needed information about how providers are using LLMs clinically.
Exploring the Dynamics of Maqashid Performance in Indonesian Islamic Banking
Authors: Nastiti Ari Sita 
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the factors influencing the performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia by utilizing the Maqasid Sharia Index (MSI), specifically designed to assess Islamic bank performance in accordance with maqasid sharia principles. The sample sample was drawn from 57 data points gathered from 12 Islamic commercial banks registered with the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan-OJK) from 2016-2020. Employing a quantitative approach, the study conducted data analysis through multiple linear regression. The results revealed that temporary shirkah funds and Islamic intellectual capital had a significant negative impact on MSI, while Islamic corporate governance exhibited a notably positive effect. This empirical investigation provides valuable insights into the determinants of Islamic bank performance in Indonesia, thereby contributing to the existing body of Islamic banking literature and offering practical implications for enhancing alignment with maqasid sharia through strategic resource optimization. The findings highlight the critical importance of reinforcing Islamic corporate governance and Islamic intellectual capital to enhance the performance of Islamic banks. Furthermore, expanding the scope of research to broader contexts could improve the generalizability of these findings.============================================================================================================ABSTRAK - Eksplorasi Dinamika Kinerja Perbankan Syariah Indonesia dengan Indeks Maqasid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji determinan yang mempengaruhi kinerja perbankan syariah di Indonesia melalui pendekatan Maqasid Sharia Index (MSI). MSI khusus dikembangkan secara khusus untuk mengukur kinerja bank syariah agar lebih akurat karena mengakomodir prinsip-prinsip maqasid syariah. Sampel penelitian diambil dari 57 poin data dari 57 bank umum syariah yang terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) periode 2016-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dimana data dianalisis melalui regresi linier berganda. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa dana syirkah temporer dan modal intelektual syariah secara signifikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap MSI, sebaliknya tata kelola perusahaan syariah menunjukkan pengaruh positif yang signifikan. Hasil ini memberikan gambaran tentang determinan kinerja perbankan syariah di Indonesia, sehingga berkontribusi pada literatur perbankan syariah yang ada dan menawarkan implikasi praktis untuk meningkatkan kesesuaian dengan maqasid syariah melalui optimalisasi sumber daya strategis. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya memperkuat tata kelola perusahaan syariah dan modal intelektual syariah untuk meningkatkan kinerja bank syariah. Untuk dapat meningkatkan generalisasi temuan ini, diperlukan kajian lebih lanjut dalam konteks yang lebih luas.
War in Europe, but Still Low Tension in the High North? An Analysis of Norwegian Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Knutsen Bjørn Olav , Pettersen Elisabeth 
Published: January 2024

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has created the most precarious security situation in Europe, including the High North, since the Second World War. This article studies how Norway manages High North security dilemmas in the context of this ongoing war. Based on security dilemma theory, we direct our attention to a set of mitigation strategies and discuss the effectiveness of these. We build our arguments on Robert Jervis’ article “Cooperation under the Security Dilemma” in World Politics (1978), and his understanding that a security dilemma occurs when an increase in one state’s security leads to other states fearing for their own security, thus creating tension or conflict escalation. To limit such dilemmas, Norway has pursued a policy mix of both deterrence and reassurance measures. Our contribution to the research debate is the term mitigation-strategies, derived from security dilemma theory. First, we discuss people-to-people cooperation and analyse how this is a trust-building measure. Secondly, we explore how Norway approaches confidence and security building measures in the High North. Finally, we discuss the implications of letting the Arctic Council become an arena for security- and defence political coordination. Building upon insights from security dilemma theory, we demonstrate how Norway contributes to maintaining lower levels of tension in the High North.
KINERJA AGROINDUSTRI KERIPIK PISANG DI KECAMATAN TANJUNG RAJA KABUPATEN LAMPUNG UTARA
Authors: Delima Deta , Indriani Yaktiworo , Nugraha Adia 
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the procurement of raw materials, processing, profits and marketing of banana chips in Tanjung Raja District, North Lampung Regency. The research method used is a case study by determining the research location purposively at the Siti, Farida and Giyarti Agroindustry. Data collection was obtained through observation and interviews using questionnaires collected from May to June 2022 at the Siti, Farida and Giyarti Banana Chips Agroindustry. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive analysis (processing analysis and marketing mix analysis) and quantitative descriptive analysis (EOQ, FIFO and profit analysis). The research results showed that the optimal amount of banana inventory based on the EO method at the Siti, Farida and Giyarti Agroindustry were 63.56 kg, 50.67 kg, 44.33 kg with an ordering frequency of 95 times. The final inventory value of bananas based on the FIFO method at the three Agro-industries in 2021 were IDR 8,853,000.00, IDR 2,298,000.00 and IDR 2,940,000.00, respectively. The processing processes at the three agro-industries include peeling, slicing, frying, draining, cooling, adding flavoring powder and packaging. The marketing mix at the three Agro-industries applies product, price, place, promotion, human resources, process and physical evidence. Profit per production at Siti, Farida and Giyarti Agroindustry respectively amounted to IDR 8,942,657.75; Rp. 2,958,631.94; and IDR 1,842,164.58 with a selling price per 200 grams of IDR 12,000 at Siti Agroindustry and IDR 10,000 at Farida and Giyarti Agroindustry. Key words: EOQ, FIFO, marketing mix, processing and profit
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS THAT ARE ENCOUNTERED BY ENGLISH FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNERS
Authors: Astuti Nanda , Fitriani Siti Sarah , Kismullah Kismullah 
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate the psychological problems perceived by students in speaking English and to examine factors leading to the problems as well as the students' efforts to cope with the problems. A mixed-method design was used in conducting this study. Data collection was done by distributing a questionnaire to sixty-four participants and interviews conducted with ten students participants of MAS Ulumul Quran in Aceh. The data were analyzed using quantitative data analysis (frequency and percentage formula), and interactive models of qualitative data analysis (data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawings). The findings revealed that the most common psychological problems faced by the students were fear of making mistakes with followed by speaking anxiety, lack of confidence, shyness, and lack of motivation. Those problems were caused by their inability to speak English, an unsupportive learning atmosphere, less speaking practice, negative attitude towards English, afraid of being mocked and underestimated by friends, afraid of being misunderstood, and terrified of appearing foolish. To cope with the problems, the students did many efforts such as pretending not to be panicked, making jokes, asking friends’ help, preparing before speaking, avoiding eye contact, inviting friends to practice English, motivating themselves to speak English by reading a motivational book or watching motivational videos, etc. In this regard, it was suggested that the teacher should encourage students to stop thinking that English is difficult to learn, stop worrying about friends’ judgments, and stop thinking about mistakes they possibly made when speaking English in the classrooms. Besides, the teacher should encourage students to practice English with peers or their classmates. Finally, the researcher recommends for further researcher to investigate the teacher’s perception of students’ psychological problems and how they overcome the problems when teaching English.
Mi van a megtérésen túl? I. rész: A lelki formálódás teológiai alapjai
Authors: SZABÓNÉ LÁSZLÓ Lilla 
Published: January 2024

What is beyond conversion? Part I. The theological foundations of spiritual formation
Both the soullessness of our times, the spiritual overheating, and the unfolding pragmatism in the field of spiritual life call for practical theology to reflect on the field of spiritual formation. In our Church, in our congregations, evangelization, the call to conversion, is still at the heart of the matter. Little is said about what is or what should be after conversion? In this paper, we will reflect theologically on the subject of spiritual formation. We will examine the ordo salutis discussed in classical dogmatics, and within it the interpretations of justification, conversion, and regeneration. Finally, we will explore the theme of sanctification, what is the responsibility of man in the process of spiritual formation according to the Reformed theological approach.
Modelling of nonlinear asymmetric effects of changes in tourism on economic growth in an autonomous small-island economy
Authors: Garrod Brian , Almeida António , Machado Luiz 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
While a substantial body of empirical evidence exists supporting the tourism-led growth hypothesis, more limited evidence exists regarding the dynamics of the relationship between tourism and economic growth in the island context, with important questions remaining to be answered regarding the linearity and symmetry of the relationship. Policymakers would benefit greatly from such knowledge as they attempt to harness inbound tourism as an engine of economic growth. This study contributes to bridging this important gap in knowledge by investigating the dynamics of the relationship between tourism and GDP in Madeira, a small-island autonomous region of Portugal. The analysis employs an asymmetric nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model, using data from 1976 to 2019. The results confirm unidirectional causality between tourism and GDP, thus corroborating the tourism-led growth hypothesis. The relationship is also found to be asymmetrical, where the retarding effect of falling tourism receipts is significantly stronger than the stimulus effect associated with increasing tourism receipts. Significant non-linear effects are also found in each adjustment pathway. In terms of policymaking, while this study confirms that investing in tourism can be an effective way of promoting economic growth, efforts should also be made to diversify both the tourism sector and the wider economy to reduce exposure to downside risks.
The dark side of social relationships – the context of the video game industry
Authors: Czernek-Marszałek Katarzyna , Klimas Patrycja , Wójcik Dagmara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Paper’s objectives
The paper aims to explore the negative impacts of social relationships (SR) on business activity. As a research context, the video game industry (VGI) and the video game developers’ (VGDs) relationships are analyzed.

Design/methods
17 semistructured in-depth interviews and 1 focus group interview with Polish VGDs were conducted.

Findings
(1) support for five negatives of SR previously discussed in the literature (2) recognition of the four original negatives (i.e., employee turnover, buying up employees, inefficiency/termination of interorganizational cooperation, and confidential information leakage); and (3) recognition of the harmful results of SR as an industry-dependent issue.

Originality/value
(1) Analyzing the negative consequences of SR for business, which is less frequently considered compared to the positive consequences of these relationships for business; (2) identifying dark sides previously unidentified in the literature; and (3) using the VGI as the research context.
Current trends in German language teaching: Analysis of pupils’ knowledge, its comparison, and attitudes towards the German language
Authors: Lagerová Viera , Harajová Alica 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the authors discuss specific methods and innovative trends in education. They analyse the conditions for effective teaching and focus on modern teaching practices. The primary method of foreign language education consists mainly of a communicative approach with a dominant orientation on cultural aspects. The authors are not only concerned with linguistic competences but also point out how they can be achieved. In the research part, they set as their primary goal the observation of the use of illustrative means in German language teaching in terms of the changes that can be brought about by teachers themselves through the simplest possible intervention - in our case, by pictures, under which one can imagine materials ranging from the most concrete to the more abstract representations of reality.