bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual cerebella model neural networks based robust adaptive output feedback control for electromechanical actuator with anti‐parameter perturbation and anti‐disturbance
Authors: Hu Jian , Cao Mengmeng , Bai Yanchun , Song Qiuyu , Yao Jianyong 
Published: February 2024

SummaryTo realize a high‐accuracy tracking control of an electromechanical actuator in which only position signal is available, a new robust adaptive output feedback control strategy based on dual CMAC neural networks is proposed in this article. A high‐gain observer and a neural network are combined to estimate the unmeasured system states, in which a neural network is designed to estimate and compensate the system parameter estimation error and other uncertain nonlinearity to improve the performance of the traditional observer. A robust adaptive controller and another neural network are combined to decrease the impact of parameter perturbation and external disturbance and strengthen the system robustness. Lyapunov theorem is used to derive an on‐line weight adaption law for the two neural networks and an on‐line parameter adaptation law for the uncertain parameters to stabilize the system. Thus the parameter uncertainty and disturbance can be compensated with feedforward compensation technique. A nonlinear robust feedback term is designed to suppress the model compensation deviation. Considering the stronger approximation ability of CMAC basis function against RBF basis function, an improved CMAC neural network is introduced in the proposed controller. A large number of simulations and experiments show that the proposed controller has better tracking performance than many main‐stream output feedback controllers in present.
Grafted MXene Assisted Bifunctional Hydrogel for Stable and Highly Sensitive Self‐Powered Fibrous System
Authors: Pu Jie , Gao Yong , Geng Zeyu , Zhang Yongjie , Cao Qinghe , Yang Jiayu , Zhao Xin , Wang Yuxuan , Wang John , Guan Cao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAchieving highly efficient self‐powered fibrous sensing systems is desirable for smart electronic textiles but remains a great challenge. Here, a bifunctional hydrogel is proposed by introducing of polyacrylic acid grafted MXene (MXene‐g‐PAA) into polyacrylamide/chitosan, achieving high‐sensitivity sensor and a stable hydrogel electrolyte of battery. The MXene‐g‐PAA flakes act as ion transport “highway”, significantly enhance ionic conductivity, thereby increasing the sensitivity of sensors and facilitating Zn2+ diffusion in Zn‐ion battery (ZIB). The rich hydrogen bonding network in the hydrogel improves its mechanical properties and limits water molecule movement, thus reducing side reactions and prolonging the stability of ZIB. As a result, the fibrous sensor exhibits high strain sensitivity (gauge factor of 2.4) with a wide detection range (0–800%), and the fibrous Zn‐ion battery exhibits high capacity (353 mAh cm−3) with long cycling stability (400 cycles). The hydrogel‐based sensor and ZIB can be easily integrated into a flexible self‐powered sensing system, which effectively detects human movement and 3D ball motion. The bifunctional hydrogel with the integrated fibrous system will shed light on the development of next‐generation smart electronic textiles.
Thermally Activated Photochromism: Realizing Temperature‐Gated Triphenylethylene Photochromic Materials
Authors: Xiao Yuxin , Shen Mingyao , Li Jiahui , Wang Hailan , Sun Haodong , He Yunfei , Huang Rongjuan , Yu Tao , Huang Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotochromic materials have drawn enormous attention for their potential applications in optical memory storage and photoswitchable molecular devices. Although great achievements for photochromic materials have been fulfilled, it is still a big challenge to realize gated photochromism for ready tunable photochromic properties. In previous studies, rare examples of gated photochromism are reported. Herein, three triarylethylene derivatives FTrPE‐oI, ClTrPE‐oI and BrTrPE‐oI with reversible thermally activated photochromic characteristics are designed and synthesized, whose crystalline powders show no photochromism until thermally activated treatments to relative temperature. Temperature acts as a gate to switch the photochromic properties by switching the aggregation state from crystalline to melted amorphous. With this progress, a broader structural realm becomes accessible for gated photochromic materials, which can now be synthetically tailored for advanced future applications, e.g., in research on gated molecular machines and switches, in studies of photoisomerization mechanisms, or in the generation of thermal tracing materials. To showcase the potential of these distinct thermally activated photochromic materials, their applications in encrypted thermal printing, thermal trace monitoring as well as multi‐level anticounterfeiting are demonstrated, in addition to a comprehensive photochemical study of all compounds.
Building Interconnected Architectures with Silicon‐Based Nanospheres and TiN Ionic Fence Enables Ultrahigh Electrochemical Stability
Authors: Jiang Miaomiao , Chen Junliang , Luo Hongxia , Ma Yuanyuan , Jiang Wan , Li Guisheng , Yang Jianping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSilicon oxide (SiOx) material is gradually developing as a promising alternative to silicon due to a better trade‐off in terms of volume expansion and theoretical capacity. However, the low conductivity and the instability of the electrode–electrolyte interface caused by the penetration of the fluorine anion (F−) severely affect the stability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), ultimately leading to capacity loss and cycling instability. In this work, an “ionic fence” idea is proposed, which effectively inhibits the shuttle of F− and promotes the stability of the SEI. Based on this, a dense and orderly silicon‐based interconnected assembly covered by a TiN protective ionic fence is designed using melt‐assembly technique and nitridation strategy. After 1000 deep cycles, the capacity can be maintained at 431.7 mA h g−1, the average Coulombic efficiency can reach 99.69% throughout the cycling process, and even a steady state after 2000 cycles, showing excellent electrochemical stability. Finite element analysis reveals that the TiN fence, as a stress management layer, effectively constrains the volume expansion of materials and improves the mechanical structural stability of the particles in the fully lithiated state, thus ensuring long‐term cycling stability. Selective fence design for material interface has great universality and development potential in building stable electrode materials.
Direct Assembly of Aerogel Micro‐Nanofiber/MXene Sponges with Dual‐Network Structures for All‐Day Personal Heating
Authors: Wang Sai , Zhao Xiangdong , Yang Zaihui , Ding Ruida , Tian Yucheng , Wang Xianfeng , Yu Jianyong , Zhang Shichao , Ding Bin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMaintaining human body temperature under low temperature is crucial to human well‐being, thereby urgently requiring for high‐performance warmth retention materials. However, designing such materials with both mechanical robustness and warming up the human body under complex and changing outdoor environments remains challenging. Here, a dual‐network structured aerogel micro‐nanofiber/MXene sponge is directly synthesized by the synchronous occurrence of electrospinning and electrospraying. Tailoring phase inversion of the solution jet creates micro‐nanofibers with highly porous aerogel structures, which exhibit nanoscale aperture (30–60 nm) and high single fiber surface aera (56.5 m2 g−1). Under strong hydrogen bonding interaction, the dual‐network structures are constructed by chemical entanglement between aerogel micro‐nanofibers and self‐assembled MXene networks, achieving robust stretchable and compressible property. The nanopores of the single fiber cause the Knudsen effect to suppress the slippage of air molecules, thereby enhancing the unique capacity to block heat energy. Further integrating passive radiative heating and active heating performance of MXene networks, the as‐designed sponge offers an all‐day personal heating system to rise human skin temperature over 3.5 °C. This work may provide new candidates for the applications within aerospace, energy, transportation, and building.
The Electron Migration Polarization Boosting Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Based on Ce Atoms Modulated yolk@shell FexN@NGC
Authors: Ma Zhenhui , Yang Ke , Li Da , Liu Hu , Hui Shengchong , Jiang Yuying , Li Siyuan , Li Yiming , Yang Wang , Wu Hongjing , Hou Yanglong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe electron migration polarization is considered as a promising approach to optimize electromagnetic waves (EMW) dissipation. However, it is still difficult to realize well‐controlled electron migration and elucidate the related EMW loss mechanisms for current researches. Herein, a novel FexN@NGC/Ce system to construct an effective electron migration model based on the electron leaps among the 4f/5d/6s orbitals of Ce ions is explored. In Fe4N@NGC/CeSA+Cs+NPs, Ce single‐atoms (SA) mainly represent a +3 valence state, which can feed the electrons to Ce4+ of clusters (Cs) and CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) through a conductive network under EMW, leading to the electron migration polarization. Such electron migration loss combined with excellent magnetic loss provided by Fe4N core, results in the optimal EMW attenuation performance with a minimum reflection loss exceeds −85.1 dB and a broadened absorption bandwidth up to 7.5 GHz at 1.5 mm. This study clarifies the in‐depth relationship between electron migration polarization and EMW dissipation, providing profound insights into developing well‐coordinated magnetic–dielectric nanocomposites for EMW absorption engineering.
Symmetry Breaking Induced Amorphization of Cobalt‐Based Catalyst for Boosted CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Guo Tianqi , Xu Xiaoxue , Xu Zhongfei , You Feifei , Fan Xiaoyu , Liu Juzhe , Wang Zhongchang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic reduction of CO2 to energy carriers is intriguing in the industry but kinetically hard to fulfil due to the lack of rationally designed catalysts. A promising way to improve the efficiency and selectivity of such reduction is to break the structural symmetry of catalysts by manipulating coordination. Here, inspired by analogous CoO6 and CoSe6 octahedral structural motifs of the Co(OH)2 and CoSe, a hetero‐anionic coordination strategy is proposed to construct a symmetry‐breaking photocatalyst prototype of oxygen‐deficient Se‐doped cobalt hydroxide upon first‐principles calculations. Such involvement of large‐size Se atoms in CoO6 octahedral frameworks experimentally lead to the switching of semiconductor type of cobalt hydroxide from p to n, generation of oxygen defects, and amorphization. The resultant oxygen‐deficient Se,O‐coordinated Co‐based amorphous nanosheets exhibit impressive photocatalytic performance of CO2 to CO with a generation rate of 60.7 µmol g−1 h−1 in the absence of photosensitizer and scavenger, superior to most of the Co‐based photocatalysts. This work establishes a correlation between the symmetry‐breaking of catalytic sites and CO2 photoreduction performances, opening up a new paradigm in the design of amorphous photocatalysts for CO2 reduction.
Fabrication of [001]‐Oriented FAPbI3‐Based Photodetector With Excellent Air Stability Via Green Anti‐Solvent Additive Engineering
Authors: Yun Kwang‐Ro , Kim Se‐Jin , Seong Tae‐Yeon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFormamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) exhibits excellent thermal and chemical stability, making it a suitable alternative for methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) in high‐performance photodetectors. However, FAPbI3 faces the challenge of transforming from the metastable photoactive black phase α‐FAPbI3 to the photoinactive yellow phase δ‐FAPbI3 at room temperature. This phase transition is accelerated in humid atmospheric conditions. To realize high‐performance FAPbI3‐based photodetectors, it is crucial to form stable and highly crystalline phase‐pure α‐FAPbI3 films. Herein, is fabricate highly stable and crystalline FAPbI3 films and photodetectors through anti‐solvent additive engineering (AAE) using a green anti‐solvent (isopropanol, IPA) and an organic spacer (phenethylammonium iodide, PEAI). It is found that PEAI‐AAE treatment induced [001]‐preferred orientation growth in FAPbI3 films, and passivated defects within the crystal. The photodetectors based on PEAI‐AAE‐treated FAPbI3 film exhibits a fast response time of 485 µs/525 µs (rise time/fall time), high responsivity of 24.89 A W−1, and excellent specific detectivity of 1.56 × 1013 Jones. Moreover, the PEAI‐AAE‐treated FAPbI3 photodetector retained over 80% of its initial performance even after exposure to ambient air for over 720 h, demonstrating excellent long‐term stability. This study provides a green processing method that paves the way for future commercialization of perovskite‐based optoelectronic devices.
Regioselective [3+2]‐Spiroannulation and [4+n]‐Annulation Approaches through Activation of C−H Bond Facilitated by Ru(II) as Catalyst: Role of Solvent Selectivity
Authors: Dev Mandal Rahul , Sarkar Anindita , Das Dwaipayan , Das Asish R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRu(II)‐catalyzed and solvent‐switched [3+2]‐spiroannulation and [4+n] (n=1, 2, 3) annulations of 2‐aryl quinazolinone or 2‐aryl‐2,3‐dihydrophthalazine‐1,4‐diones with ynones or alkynyl alcohol or 1,3‐diynes under mild reaction conditions have been analyzed. These reactions take place in the presence of the appropriate solvent and features a redox‐neutral pathway. Ynone serves as an ‘atypical one‐carbon unit’ in [4+1] annulation and generates a tetrasubstituted carbon center bearing diverse heterocycles through [3+2] and [4+1] annulation strategies. Post transformations of the synthesized spiro‐products augments the potential of the developed methodology.
Supramolecular Chiral Binding Affinity‐Achieved Efficient Synergistic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhou Jinfeng , Gu Jiake , Sun Xiaohuan , Ye Qianyun , Wu Xuan , Xi Juqun , Han Jie , Liu Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSupramolecular chirality‐mediated selective interaction among native assemblies is essential for precise disease diagnosis and treatment. Herein, to fully understand the supramolecular chiral binding affinity‐achieved therapeutic efficiency, supramolecular chiral nanoparticles (WP5⊃D/L‐Arg+DOX+ICG) with the chirality transfer from chiral arginine (D/L‐Arg) to water‐soluble pillar[5]arene (WP5) are developed through non‐covalent interactions, in which an anticancer drug (DOX, doxorubicin hydrochloride) and a photothermal agent (ICG, indocyanine green) are successfully loaded. Interestingly, the WP5⊃D‐Arg nanoparticles show 107 folds stronger binding capability toward phospholipid‐composed liposomes compared with WP5⊃L‐Arg. The enantioselective interaction further triggers the supramolecular chirality‐specific drug accumulation in cancer cells. As a consequence, WP5⊃D‐Arg+DOX+ICG exhibits extremely enhanced chemo‐photothermal synergistic therapeutic efficacy (tumor inhibition rate of 99.4%) than that of WP5⊃L‐Arg+DOX+ICG (tumor inhibition rate of 56.4%) under the same condition. This work reveals the breakthrough that supramolecular chiral assemblies can induce surprisingly large difference in cancer therapy, providing strong support for the significance of supramolecular chirality in bio‐application.
3D Printing of a Vascularized Mini‐Liver Based on the Size‐Dependent Functional Enhancements of Cell Spheroids for Rescue of Liver Failure
Authors: Zhang Jiabin , Chen Xiaodie , Chai Yurong , Zhuo Chenya , Xu Yanteng , Xue Tiantian , Shao Dan , Tao Yu , Li Mingqiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe emerging stem cell‐derived hepatocyte‐like cells (HLCs) are the alternative cell sources of hepatocytes for treatment of highly lethal acute liver failure (ALF). However, the hostile local environment and the immature cell differentiation may compromise their therapeutic efficacy. To this end, human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hASCs) are engineered into different‐sized multicellular spheroids and co‐cultured with 3D coaxially and hexagonally patterned human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a liver lobule‐like manner to enhance their hepatic differentiation efficiency. It is found that small‐sized hASC spheroids, with a diameter of ≈50 µm, show superior pro‐angiogenic effects and hepatic differentiation compared to the other counterparts. The size‐dependent functional enhancements are mediated by the Wnt signaling pathway. Meanwhile, co‐culture of hASCs with HUVECs, at a HUVECs/hASCs seeding density ratio of 2:1, distinctly promotes hepatic differentiation and vascularization both in vitro and in vivo, especially when endothelial cells are patterned into hollow hexagons. After subcutaneous implantation, the mini‐liver, consisting of HLC spheroids and 3D‐printed interconnected vasculatures, can effectively improve liver regeneration in two ALF animal models through amelioration of local oxidative stress and inflammation, reduction of liver necrosis, as well as increase of cell proliferation, thereby showing great promise for clinical translation.
New Mechanistic Insights into Electrokinetic Competition Between Nitrogen Reduction and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Jiang Lin , Bai Xiaowan , Zhi Xing , Jiao Yan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAchieving both high activity and selectivity presents a significant challenge for electrochemical N2 reduction (eNRR) due to the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Although density functional theory‐based computations can identify eNRR‐favored electrocatalysts, there is a significant gap between theoretical predictions and experimental observations. In this work, a comprehensive analysis of the kinetic competition between eNRR and HER at the electrode‐electrolyte interface (EEI) from three perspectives: kinetic N2 adsorption, *N2 hydrogenation, and corresponding potential‐dependent kinetics is presented. This data reveals that N2 adsorption at EEI is kinetically facile. Upon *N2 adsorption, the subsequent hydrogenation is influenced by electrode potentials. At lower overpotentials, *N2 hydrogenation is more facile than HER. However, at higher overpotentials, eNRR becomes kinetically disadvantaged due to limited N2 availability at the EEI, while HER kinetics accelerate and eventually dominate. Therefore, the electrochemical eNRR potential window for different catalysts is identified. A compelling evidence is presented that enhancing N2 concentration near the EEI is the key to improving eNRR activity. These findings offer critical fundamental insights for future strategies aimed at making green ammonia synthesis more efficient.
Systematic online academic resource (SOAR) review: Pediatric respiratory infectious disease
Authors: Belfer Joshua , Roskind Cindy G. , Grock Andrew , Jung JooYeon , Bae Shirley W. , Zhao Lisa , Sobolewski Brad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundFree open access medical education (FOAM) resources have become increasingly popular in graduate medical education. Despite their accessibility, the assessment of FOAM resources’ quality is challenging due to their decentralized nature and the diverse qualifications of their authors and distribution platforms. In this first pediatric systematic online academic resource (SOAR) review, we utilized a systematic methodology to aggregate and assess the quality of FOAM resources on pediatric respiratory infectious disease topics.MethodsWe searched 177 keywords using FOAMSearch, the top 50 FOAM websites on the Social Media Index, and seven additional pediatric emergency medicine–focused blogs. Following a basic initial screen, resources then underwent full‐text quality assessment utilizing the revised Medical Education Translational Resources: Impact and Quality (rMETRIQ) tool.ResultsThe search yielded 44,897 resources. After 44,456 were excluded, 441 underwent quality assessment. A total of 36/441 posts (8% of posts) reached the high‐quality threshold score (rMETRIQ ≥ 16). The most frequent topics overall were pneumonia and bronchiolitis. A total of 67/441 posts (15% of posts) were found to have a rMETRIQ score of less than or equal to 7, which may indicate poor quality.ConclusionsWe systematically identified, described, and performed quality assessment on FOAM resources pertaining to the topic of pediatric respiratory infectious disease. We found that there is a paucity of high‐quality posts on this topic. Despite this, the curated list of high‐quality resources can help guide trainees and educators toward relevant educational information and suggest unmet needs for future FOAM resources.
Premises for a digital twin of the Atlantic salmon in its world: Agency, robustness, subjectivity and prediction
Authors: Budaev Sergey , Dumitru Magda L. , Enberg Katja , Handeland Sigurd Olav , Higginson Andrew D. , Kristiansen Tore S. , Opdal Anders F. , Railsback Steven F. , Rønnestad Ivar , Vollset Knut Wiik , Mangel Marc , Giske Jarl 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAquaculture of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar is in transition to precision fish farming and digitalization. As it is easier, cheaper and safer to study a digital replica than the system itself, a model of the fish can potentially improve monitoring and prediction of facilities and operations and replace live fish in many what‐if experiments. Regulators, consumers and voters also want insight into how it is like to be a salmon in aquaculture. However, such information is credible only if natural physiology and behaviour of the living fish is adequately represented. To be able to predict salmon behaviour in unfamiliar, confusing and stressful situations, the modeller must aim for a sufficiently realistic behavioural model based on the animal's proximate robustness mechanisms. We review the knowledge status and algorithms for how evolution has formed fish to control decisions and set priorities for behaviour and ontogeny. Teleost body control is through genes, hormones, nerves, muscles, sensing, cognition and behaviour, the latter being agentic, predictive and subjective, also in a man‐made environment. These are the challenges when constructing the digital salmon. This perspective is also useful for modelling other domesticated and wild animals in Anthropocene environments.