bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
As consequências da pandemia de COVID-19 no perfil epidemiológico da Hanseníase no Brasil
Authors: Giacon Taino Rafaela Monique , Dolores Zornitta Júlia , Tavares de Marchi Mariana , Fernandes Aguiar Gustavo , Riva Alves Isabelle Caroline , Coelho Damin Bianca 
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A Hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa prevalente nas regiões tropicais que durante muito tempo foi considerada um problema de saúde pública global. Sua importância clínica se deve ao fato de o bacilo possuir tropismo pelo Sistema Nervoso Periférico, cursando com incapacidades permanentes se não for tratada. Com o início da pandemia de COVID-19, profissionais da atenção primária à saúde foram remanejados para atendimento dos infectados pelo vírus, houve a redução de transporte público e fechamento de ambulatórios, ações que interferiram no acompanhamento médico para toda a população, inclusive daqueles com Hanseníase. Objetivo: Analisar a incidência da Hanseníase no Brasil durante a pandemia de COVID-19 utilizando como parâmetros o número de casos diagnosticados, o sexo, a região política-administrativa de diagnóstico, a faixa etária e a forma clínica. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal sobre a incidência de Hanseníase no Brasil nos anos de 2018 a 2022, período em que se enquadra o início da pandemia de COVID-19 no país. Os dados foram coletados do Repositório de dados dos Sistemas de Informação de Agravos e Notificações (SINAN). Resultados: Teve-se redução dos casos diagnosticados no ano de 2020. Conclusão: A análise dos dados apontou que a pandemia de COVID-19 influenciou a incidência de hanseníase no país, pois houve uma queda brusca nos diagnósticos da doença em 2020. Além disso, o isolamento social contribuiu para o aumento da subnotificação, atrasos nos diagnósticos, e disseminação da doença.
Incidence of Wounds Associated with Posterior Midline Incision for Achilles Tendon Pathology in a Large Cohort at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Hurst Michael J. , Hughes Hannah J. , Blazek Cody , Lerch Ryan J. , Burns Patrick R. , Manway Jeffrey 
Published: January 2025

Background: We sought to determine the wound complications associated with a straight midline incision overlying the Achilles tendon. Data on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), surgery performed, date of surgery, and wound development were collected.
Methods: We retrospectively collected data on 217 patients with a mean ± SD age of 46.16 ± 13.72 years and follow-up of 9.1 ± 12.42 months. The specific procedures performed with this incision included repair of ruptured Achilles tendon (n = 89), Haglund deformity correction (n = 75), and flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer (n = 63). Wound complication was defined as a delay in wound healing with necrosis of the incisional margins resulting in exposure of superficial or deep layers. Deep infection was defined as the need for intravenous antibiotics.
Results: We reported 15 wound complications (6.91%): ten (4.6%) were superficial and five (2.3%) were deep. All five patients with deep wound complications required operative debridement, and four patients required intravenous antibiotics. The infection rate of the midline incisional approach was 1.83%. Superficial wound complications were treated with local care and oral antibiotics, as necessary. There were no significant differences between age (P = .5986; P < .05), BMI (P = .7968; P < .05), smoking history (P = .6356; P < .05), or length of follow-up (P = .8338; P < .05). The overall wound rate of 6.91% is comparable with other literature with larger cohorts.
Conclusions: These results will help us better educate surgeons about the risk of wound development with the posterior midline Achilles tendon incision.
The Role of Serum HMGB-1 Level in Differentiating the Soft-Tissue Infection From Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis
Authors: Rizvanoglu Ibrahim Halil , Cinkir Ümit , Bosnak Vuslat , Orhan Nuri , Benlier Necla , Kokcu Füsun 
Published: January 2025

Background: The incidence of diabetic foot infections is increasing due to the rising number of persons with diabetes and the prolonged life expectancy. It is vital to differentiate soft-tissue infection (STI) from diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO), as treatment modalities and durations vary widely, but this can be challenging. We aimed to assess the blood concentration levels of the high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB-1) in STI and DFO compared to healthy subjects, and to investigate whether this protein could contribute to differentiating STI from DFO.
Methods: Data from patients with suspected soft-tissue infection or diabetic foot osteomyelitis and healthy volunteers were prospectively recorded. Mean C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell, and HMGB-1 values in the groups were analyzed. Cut-off values of HMGB-1 between the three groups were also determined. A three-phase bone scintigraphy was accepted as the diagnostic method for differentiating STI and DFO.
Results: A total of 92 volunteers, were included in the study. Group 1 comprised 28 healthy individuals who composed the control group. Group 2 comprised the 35 patients diagnosed with STI, and Group 3 comprised 29 patients diagnosed with DFO. The HMGB-1 was significantly higher in DFO. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of HMGB-1 in differentiating between STI and DFO was 55%, 94%, and 77%, respectively.
Conclusions: We concluded that measurement of the serum HMGB-1 level could be an adjunctive test in the differential diagnosis of diabetic foot infections.
Cartilage‐Inspired Multidirectional Strain Sensor with High Elasticity and Anisotropy Based on Segmented Embedded Strategy
Authors: Jiang Haocheng , Jiang Saihua , Chen Guohua , Lan Yang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFlexible, stretchable, and sensitive multidirectional sensing systems that can decouple different mechanical inputs and identify multidirectional signals are crucial for dynamic human signal perception and intelligent human–computer interaction. Most reported multidirectional sensors are suitable for discriminating in‐plane deformation directions, and the sensing materials are difficult to balance between stretchability and mechanical strength. Here, a segmented embedded structure strategy inspired by the interlaced structure of cartilage is proposed. This strategy combines soft and hard materials in a topological and zipper‐shear chain manner and balances the performance of reinforced composites with flexibility and high toughness. In the case of segmented embedded hydrogels (SEHs), a wearable multidirectional sensing system that can decouple and identify planar strain/pressure is constructed. The multidirectional sensing system exploits the inherent anisotropy and layered structure design of composites to decouple the sensing functions. Supported by machine learning algorithms, the high accuracy demonstration of the multidirectional sensors in typical multidirectional motion joint posture monitoring and recognition confirms their potential in practical applications such as personal health sensing and human–computer interaction.
Improved Durability of Ti3C2Tz at Potentials above the Reversible Hydrogen Electrode by Tantalum Substitution
Authors: Favelukis Bar , Chakrabartty Sukanta , Kumar Vipin , Kim Se‐Ho , El‐Zoka Ayman , Krämer Mathias , Raabe Dierk , Gault Baptiste , Eliaz Noam , Natan Amir , Sokol Maxim , Rosen Brian A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMXenes have gained significant attention, particularly Ti3C2Tz, as materials with favorable properties for energy storage and conversion applications. The overwhelming majority of electrochemical durability studies are based on durability in the hydrogen evolution window, well below the reversible hydrogen electrode where degradation via electrochemical oxidation is less relevant. Consequently, few strategies have been put forward to protect Ti3C2Tz at higher potentials and widen their applicability to electrochemical systems. Here, the electrochemical degradation of pristine Ti3C2Tz and tantalum (Ta)‐substituted (Ti0.95Ta0.05)3C2Tz is reported. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron microscopy revealed that pristine and Ta‐doped MXene went through entirely different degradation mechanisms, and that these mechanisms are driven by electrochemical, rather than chemical effects. Density functional theory is used to explain the role of Ta doping with respect to the binding of oxygen and the formation of metal oxide phases. The influence of the degradation mechanism is observed by accelerated stress tests and anode reversal tests on a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. Therefore, the substitution of titanium (Ti) with other oxyphilic metals in Ti3C2Tz may be an effective route to improve the durability of the otherwise fragile MXene phase.
Portable and Rapid Dual‐Biomarker Detection Using Solution‐Gated Graphene Field Transistors in the Accurate Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Deng Minghua , Yang Huan , Zhang Huibin , Li Chaoqian , Chen Jingqiu , Tang Wei , Wang Xianbao , Chen Zhaowei , Li Jinhua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProstate‐specific antigen (PSA) is the common serum‐relevant biomarker for early prostate cancer (PCa) detection in clinical diagnosis. However, it is difficult to accurately diagnose PCa in the early stage due to the low specificity of PSA. Herein, a new solution‐gated graphene field transistor (SGGT) biosensor with dual‐gate for dual‐biomarker detection is designed. The sensing mechanism is that the designed aptamers immobilized on the surface of the gate electrodes can capture PSA and sarcosine (SAR) biomolecules and induce the capacitance changes of the electric double layers of SGGT. The limit of detections of PSA and SAR biomarkers can reach 0.01 fg mL−1, which is three‐to‐four orders of magnitude lower than previously reported assays. The detection time of PSA and SAR is ≈4.5 and ≈13 min, which is significantly faster than the detection time (1–2 h) of conventional methods. The clinical serum samples testing demonstrates that the biosensor can distinguish the PCa patients from the control group and the diagnosis accuracy can reach 100%. The SGGT biosensor can be integrated into the portable platform and the diagnostic results can directly display on the smartphone/Pad. Therefore, the integrated portable platform of the biosensor can distinguish cancer types through the dual‐biomarker detection.
A Counterion‐Free Strategy for Chronic Metabolic Acidosis Based on an Orally Administered Gut‐Restricted Inorganic Adsorbent
Authors: Liu Zhen , Xiang Liang , Tian Meng , Wang Haoyu , Zhao Xin , Liu Kangfei , Yu Jia , Liu Tianzhi , Liu Shangpeng , Mu Xin , Yang Bingxue , Zhang Shiyi , Luo Jie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChronic metabolic acidosis, arising as a complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), not only reduces patients’ quality of life but also aggravates renal impairment. The only available therapeutic modality, involving intravenous infusion of NaHCO3, engenders undesirable sodium retention, thereby increasing hemodynamic load and seriously exacerbating the primary disease. This deleterious cascade extends to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Herein, an orally administered, gut‐restricted inorganic adsorbent that can effectively alleviate chronic metabolic acidosis without causing any electrolytic derangement or superfluous cardiovascular strain is developed. The genesis of ABC‐350 entails the engineering of bismuth subcarbonate via annealing, thereby yielding a partially β‐Bi2O3‐doped (BiO)2CO3 biphasic crystalline structure framework enriched with atomic vacancies. ABC‐350 can selectively remove chloride ions and protons from the gastrointestinal tract, mimicking the physiological response to gastric acid removal and resulting in increased serum bicarbonate. Owing to its gut‐restricted nature, ABC‐350 exhibits commendable biosafety, averting undue systemic exposure. In two rat models of metabolic acidosis, ABC‐350 emerges not only as a potent mitigator of acidosis but also effects discernible amelioration concerning proximal tubular morphology, interstitial fibrosis, and the incendiary cascades incited by metabolic acidosis. ABC‐350, as the translationally relevant material, provides a promising strategy for the treatment of metabolic acidosis.
Protein Nanotubes as Advanced Material Platforms and Delivery Systems
Authors: Liu Bin , Li Xing , Zhang Ji Peng , Li Xin , Yuan Yu , Hou Guo Hua , Zhang Hui Juan , Zhang Hui , Li Yuan , Mezzenga Raffaele 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProtein nanotubes (PNTs) as state‐of‐the‐art nanocarriers are promising for various potential applications both in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Derived from edible starting sources like α‐lactalbumin, lysozyme, and ovalbumin, PNTs bear properties of biocompatibility and biodegradability. Their large specific surface area and hydrophobic core facilitate chemical modification and loading of bioactive substances, respectively. Moreover, their enhanced permeability and penetration ability across biological barriers such as intestinal mucus, extracellular matrix, and thrombus clot, make it promising platforms for health‐related applications. Most importantly, their simple preparation processes enable large‐scale production, supporting applications in the biomedical and nanotechnological fields. Understanding the self‐assembly principles is crucial for controlling their morphology, size, and shape, and thus provides the ground to a multitude of applications. Here, the current state‐of‐the‐art of PNTs including their building materials, physicochemical properties, and self‐assembly mechanisms are comprehensively reviewed. The advantages and limitations, as well as challenges and prospects for their successful applications in biomaterial and pharmaceutical sectors are then discussed and highlighted. Potential cytotoxicity of PNTs and the need of regulations as critical factors for enabling in vivo applications are also highlighted. In the end, a brief summary and future prospects for PNTs as advanced platforms and delivery systems are included.
High‐Resolution Recording of Neural Activity in Epilepsy Using Flexible Neural Probes
Authors: Cheng Qian , Li Gen , Tian Ye , Wang Han , Ye Yifei , Zhou Cunkai , Xu Chengjian , Nie Yanyan , Yang Huiran , Zhou Zhitao , Li Meng , Wei Xiaoling , Liu Qiangqiang , Tao Tiger H. , Sun Liuyang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEpilepsy, a prevalent neurological disorder, necessitates precise and reliable electrophysiological recording for accurate study and diagnosis. Although traditional stereo‐electroencephalography and micro‐wire probes are widely used in epilepsy research, they are limited by recording site numbers and mechanical properties. This study explores the use of high‐density, ultra‐flexible neural probes in epilepsy monitoring, highlighting their advantages in terms of recording performance, scalability, and tissue compatibility. This work validates the effectiveness of the probes in detecting characteristic epileptic signals across various stages, including resting, preictal, and ictal stages, in two different mouse models of epilepsy. Additionally, the high spatial resolution of the probes allows to capture fine spatial propagation of epilepsy‐associated high‐frequency oscillations. Furthermore, the flexible probes exhibit superior biocompatibility, reducing inflammation and neuronal apoptosis compared to rigid electrodes. The results underscore the promising potential of ultra‐flexible neural probes for advancing epilepsy research, providing a powerful technological platform for future studies in the field.
Sodium Butyrate Regulates Gasdermin B Exerted Protection Effect on the MTX‐Induced NCM460 and Hum Cells
Authors: Jiang Chensheng , Liu Yang , Chen Hangping , Qian Yifan , Tang Leilei , Wu Channi , Han Tiemei , Jin Chengfeng , Ju Haihong , Shen Xiaofeng , Yu Jiawen , Zhang Lingdi , Dai Yiyang , Jiang Guojun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder with unclear etiology, and the impact of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on its pathogenesis is not well‐studied. This research explores the potential protective effects of sodium butyrate (NaB) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through the Gasdermin B (GSDMB) non‐pyroptotic pathway. Fecal SCFA levels and GSDMB‐related proteins of IBD patients are analyzed. NCM460 and HUM cells are treated with methotrexate (MTX) for 24 hours. NaB is applied at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 mm mL−1 to cells. It is found that a decrease in SCFAs content, zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1), and Occludin expression, along with an increase in GSDMB, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and extracellular singal‐regulated kinase (ERK) in IBD patients is observed. NaB, at medium and high concentrations, promotes cell viability and migration and increased GSDMB expression. The low concentration of NaB has a significant protective effect on IBD‐affected cells, activating the GSDMB non‐pyroptotic pathway. This protection diminishes after the GSDMB knockdown. The study reveals that NaB may play a crucial role in protecting intestinal epithelial integrity in IBD through the GSDMB non‐pyroptotic pathway. These findings underline the potential of targeting this pathway for therapeutic strategies, highlighting the importance of SCFAs in understanding and treating IBD.
Orientation of Corannulenes inside Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Thamwattana Ngamta , Karton Amir , Sripaturad Panyada , Stevens Kyle , Baowan Duangkamon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCorannulenes have received much interest due to their electronic properties, which differ between the convex and concave surfaces of the molecule. The ability to control the shapes of corannulenes to optimize charge distribution is therefore important for the development of seminconductors and electronic devices. In this paper, the interactions of corannulenes are modeled inside carbon nanotubes of various sizes using the Lennard–Jones potential and a continuum approach. The major contribution of this work is the analytical expressions for the interaction energy, which are obtained as a function of the nanotube's radius, the offset distance of corannulene from the tube's axis and the orientation of corannulene. Minimizing this energy, the range of nanotube's radii that allow the corannulene to adopt lying, tilting and standing configurations both on‐ and off‐axis of the nanotubes is determined. These results are supported by the density functional theory calculations and agree with previously published work using molecular dynamics simulations for corannulenes located on the nanotube's axis.
How accurate is the human olfactory system in detecting peanuts?
Authors: Kim Yeo E. , Wang Andrea , Christos Paul J. , Valente Katherine E. , Reisacher William R. 
Published: November 2023

Key Points
This is the first study to quantify the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the human olfactory system in detecting peanuts in common food items.
With more competing sensory input, the human olfactory sensitivity to peanuts decreases; this is especially evident when peanuts are mixed in sauces.
Metrics established in this study can be used to develop standards for determining the clinical utility of allergen detecting devices that are currently under development.
An investigation of temperature and fever burdens in patients with sepsis admitted from the emergency department to the hospital
Authors: Beadle Jessica L. , Perman Sarah M. , Pennington Justin , Gaieski David F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimWe sought to collect granular data on temperature burden to further explore existing conflicting information on the relationship between temperature alterations and outcomes in patients with sepsis requiring hospital admission.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study that enrolled a convenience sample of patients with sepsis or septic shock admitted to the hospital from the emergency department (ED). A “unit of temperature burden (UTB)” was defined as >1°C (1.8°F) above or below 37°C (98.6°F) for 1 min. Fever burden was defined as the number of UTBs >38°C (100.4°F). The primary objective was to calculate the fever burden in patients with sepsis during their ED stay. This was analyzed for patients who present to triage febrile or hypothermic and also for those who developed temperature abnormalities during their ED stay. The secondary objectives were correlating fever and hypothermia burden with in‐hospital mortality, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria, and the quick Sequential (Sepsis‐Associated) Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score and identification of patients who may benefit from early implementation of targeted temperature management.ResultsA total of 256 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of patients was 60.1 ± 18.4 years; 46% were female and 29.6% were black. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) fever burden for the fever in triage cohort (n = 99) was 364.6 (174.3‐716.8) UTB and for the no fever in triage cohort (n = 157) was 179.3 (80.9‐374.0) UTB (p = 0.005). The two groups had similar in‐hospital mortality (6.1 vs 8.3%; p = 0.5). The median fever burden for the fever anytime cohort was 303.8 (IQR 138.8‐607.9) UTB and they had lower mortality than the no fever anytime cohort (4.7% vs 11.2%; p = 0.052). Patients with fever at triage had higher mean SIRS criteria than those without (2.8 vs 2.0; p < 0.001) while qSOFA points were similar (p = 0.199). A total of 27 patients had hypothermia during their ED stay and these patients were older with higher mean SIRS criteria.ConclusionsPatients with sepsis and septic shock have a significant temperature burden in the ED. When comparing patients who had fever at any time during their ED stay with those who never had a fever, a trend toward an inverse relationship between fever burden and mortality was found.
Outcome in intoxicated patients transported by a physician‐staffed helicopter in Japan from 2015 to 2020
Authors: Yanagawa Youichi , Takeuchi Ikuto , Nagasawa Hiroki , Ohsaka Hiromichi , Ishikawa Kouhei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimWe retrospectively investigated the current status of poisoned patients who had been transported by a physician‐staffed helicopter emergency medical service and their final outcomes using data from the JAPAN DOCTOR HELICOPTER REGISTRY SYSTEM.MethodsThe following details of dispatch activity were collected from the database of the JAPAN DOCTOR HELICOPTER REGISTRY SYSTEM: patient age and sex, timing of dispatch request, presence of cardiac arrest, vital signs, medical intervention, main etiology of intoxication, and final outcome. The patients were divided into two groups: those with a good outcome and those with a poor outcome. The variables were compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 336 patients were intoxicated. Psychotropic drug overdose was the dominant cause, followed by carbon monoxide and ethanol. The median Glasgow Coma Scale score was significantly higher in the good outcome group than in the poor outcome group. The rates of cardiac arrest, interventions to secure an airway and/or assist with ventilation, and drug administration were significantly lower in the good outcome group than in the poor outcome group. There were no records concerning the decontamination of the intoxicating substance at the scene or during air evacuation.ConclusionThe study suggests that various factors may influence the outcomes of patients with different types of intoxication. These findings offer valuable insights that could help to establish effective treatment strategies and the operation of doctor helicopters for intoxicated patients.