bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feature-Tracking Strain Parameters Differ Between Highly Accelerated and Conventional Acquisitions
Authors: Halfmann Moritz C. , Klimzak Tim , Schoepf U. Joseph , Kloeckner Roman , Chitiboi Teodora , Schmidt Michaela , Wenzel Philip , Müller Lukas , Geyer Martin , Varga-Szemes Akos , Kreitner Karl-Friedrich , Dueber Christoph , Emrich Tilman 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging protocols have been adapted to fit the needs for faster, more efficient acquisitions, resulting in the development of highly accelerated, compressed sensing-based (CS) sequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate intersoftware and interacquisition differences for postprocessing software applied to both CS and conventional cine sequences.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 106 individuals (66 healthy volunteers, 40 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, 51% female, 38±17 y) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance at 3T with retrospectively gated conventional cine and CS sequences. Postprocessing was performed using 2 commercially available software solutions and 1 research prototype from 3 different developers. The agreement of clinical and feature-tracking strain parameters between software solutions and acquisition types was assessed by Bland-Altmann analyses and intraclass correlation coefficients. Differences between softwares and acquisitions were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variances. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curve-derived cutoffs were used to evaluate whether sequence-specific cutoffs influence disease classification.

Results:
There were significant intersoftware (P<0.002 for all except LV end-diastolic volume per body surface area) and interacquisition differences (P<0.02 for all except end-diastolic volume per body surface area from Neosoft, left ventricular mass per body surface area from cvi42 and TrufiStrain and global circumferential strain from Neosoft). However, the intraclass correlation coefficients between acquisitions were strong-to-excellent for all parameters (all ≥0.81). In comparing individual softwares to a pooled mean, Bland-Altmann analyses revealed smaller magnitudes of bias for cine acquisition than for CS acquisition. In addition, the application of conventional cutoffs to CS measurements did not result in the false reclassification of patients.

Conclusion:
Significantly lower magnitudes of strain and volumetric parameters were observed in retrospectively gated CS acquisitions, despite strong-to-excellent agreement amongst software solutions and acquisition types. It remains important to be aware of the acquisition type in the context of follow-up examinations, where different cutoffs might lead to misclassifications.
Rhinoplasty and Le Fort I Maxillary Osteotomy in Cleft Patients
Authors: Harjunpää Roni , Grann Annemari , Saarikko Anne , Heliövaara Arja 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Cleft patients often need orthognathic surgery to correct maxillary hypoplasia and rhinoplasty to correct nasal deformity. Rhinoplasty can be performed as a staged procedure after orthognathic surgery or simultaneously with maxillary osteotomy.

Aim:
The authors evaluated need for and complications of staged and simultaneous rhinoplasties in patients with different cleft types undergoing maxillary osteotomy.

Patients and Methods:
This retrospective study examined 99 (54 females) consecutive nonsyndromic patients with cleft lip/palate [23 bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), 51 unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), and 25 cleft palate (CP)] with a mean age of 17.8 (range: 11.5–45.3) years who had undergone Le Fort I maxillary advancement or bimaxillary osteotomy at the Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, between 2002 and 2016. Medical charts were accessed through the hospital’s archives and database.

Results:
Of patients who underwent maxillary osteotomy, 45% (45/99) needed rhinoplasty (14 BCLP, 27 UCLP, and 4 CP). A significant difference (P<0.01) existed in the need for rhinoplasty between different cleft types, those with BCLP and UCLP needing the most operations (60% and 53%). In 20 patients (20%), rhinoplasty was performed simultaneously with maxillary osteotomy, and in 25 patients (25%) in a second operation after osteotomy. The overall complication rate was 14%. No difference existed in complication rate in patients with or without simultaneous rhinoplasty.

Conclusions:
Of cleft patients who underwent maxillary osteotomy, 45% needed rhinoplasty. Patients with BCLP and UCLP needed rhinoplasty most often. Staged and simultaneous procedures were almost equally common with similar complication rates.
A Novel Neurovascular Protection Method In Nasolabial Muscle Biomechanical Bionic Surgery For Secondary Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair: A Three-Dimensional Evaluation Of Short And Long-Term Results
Authors: Liu Siyu , Jiang Chanyuan , Ma Hengyuan , Wang Yongqian , Song Tao , Li Haidong , Wu Di , Yin Ningbei 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Neurovascular protection within the upper lip muscles is essential in muscle tension reconstruction and functional recovery during surgery. This study aimed to investigate a novel neurovascular protection method based on the intramuscular neurovascular partitions of the upper lip applied to nasolabial muscle biomechanical bionic surgery for secondary unilateral cleft lip repair and to evaluate postoperative outcomes.

Methods:
From November 30, 2019 to October 31, 2020, 50 consecutive patients with secondary unilateral cleft lips who underwent the modified biomechanical bionic surgery were reviewed retrospectively. Three-dimensional (3D) photographs of patients were collected preoperatively, 7-day postoperatively, and during long-term follow-up (at least 6 months). The Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale was used to evaluate surgical subjective outcomes, and statistical analysis of nasolabial measurements on 3D photographs was used to evaluate objective outcomes before and after surgery.

Results:
The Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale showed that 94% of patients had improved upper lip morphology and 92% had improved nasal morphology 7-day postoperatively. In all, 84% maintained favorable nasolabial morphology during long-term follow-up. Statistical results showed that the postoperative alar width, philtral depth, columellar angle, and nasal base inclination angle were significantly improved compared with preoperatively (P<0.01). The differences between the above 4 indexes were not statistically significant (P >0.05) between 7-day postoperatively and long-term follow-up, indicating that the postoperative lasting outcomes were satisfactory.

Conclusions:
The novel method of neurovascular protection in nasolabial muscle biomechanical bionic surgery can achieve a long-term improvement of labial-nasal morphology and function in patients with secondary unilateral cleft lip.
Repair of Oroantral Fistulas Using Free Bone and Mucoperiosteal Flaps After Endoscopic Removal of the Medial Wall of the Maxillary Sinus
Authors: Wang Ai , Zhao Changqing , Li Qingfeng , An Yunfang , Xue Jinmei , Wang Min 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Oroantral fistula (OAF) refers to a pathological connection between the oral cavity and maxillary sinus. It may lead to symptoms that include purulent mucus, nasal congestion, facial swelling, bad breath, and nasal regurgitation of food, all of which negatively impact patients’ quality of life.

Objective:
This study presents a novel approach for OAF repair using a 2-layered structure composed of free bone and a mucoperiosteal flap obtained from the medial wall of maxillary sinus.

Materials and methods:
Ten OAF patients who underwent repair using this method were retrospectively reviewed between August 2015 and June 2022.

Results:
The extraction of maxillary molars was the most common cause of OAF. The size of the fistulas ranged from 1×2 mm to 5×8 mm. Nine of the 10 patients achieved successful OAF closure following the initial operation using the 2-layer structure composed of free bone and mucoperiosteal flag. One patient was lost to follow-up. The 9 patients were observed for 6 months to 1 year, and they exhibited no obvious complications or recurrence.

Conclusion:
The use of free bone and mucoperiosteal flag from the medial wall of maxillary sinus through an endoscope was effective for OAF repair.
Goals of care are rarely discussed prior to potentially futile trauma transfer: Is it okay to say “No”?
Authors: Trenga-Schein Nellie , Zonies David , Cook Mackenzie 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND
It is unknown how often the physician-to-physician trauma transfer conversation includes a discussion of patient goals of care (GOC). We hypothesized that physicians would rarely discuss GOC on transfer calls when faced with patients with catastrophic injuries.

METHODS
We completed a retrospective case series of trauma patients transferred to an ACS-verified Level I trauma center between 2018 and 2022 who died or were discharged to hospice without surgical intervention within 48 hours. Transfer call recordings were analyzed for GOC conversations.

RESULTS
A total of 5,562 patients were accepted as transfers and 82 (1.5%) met inclusion criteria. Eighty of the 82 patients had recorded transfer calls and were analyzed. The most common transfer reason was traumatic brain injury (TBI) and need for neurosurgical capabilities (53%) followed by complex multisystem trauma (23%). There was explicit discussion of code status prior to transfer in 20% and a more in depth GOC conversation for 10% of patients. Appropriateness of transfer was discussed in 21% and at least one physician expressed explicit concerns of futility for 14%, though all were subsequently transferred. Code status was changed immediately upon arrival for 15% for patients and 19% of patients transferred for neurosurgical expertise were deemed to have non-survivable injuries based on imaging and examination that were unchanged from the referring hospital.

CONCLUSION
Among a group of profoundly injured trauma patients at high risk of death, an explicit discussion of GOC occurred in just 10%. This suggests that even when the catastrophic nature of patient injury is understood, transfers still occur, and patients and their families are subjected to an expensive, disruptive, and displacing experience with little to no anticipated benefit. A discussion of GOC and therapeutic objectives should be considered in all severely injured trauma patients prior to transfer.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
Delirium risk screening and assessment among older patients in general wards and the emergency department: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Lafarga-Molina Laura , Albornos-Muñoz Laura , González-María Esther , Vrbová Tereza , Moreno-Casbas María Teresa , Klugar Miloslav , Klugarová Jitka 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The aim of this project was to improve compliance with evidence-based criteria regarding risk of delirium and the assessment of delirium among older patients in the general hospitalization wards and the emergency department.

Introduction:
More than 50% of older hospitalized patients experience delirium. Some studies have highlighted the need to implement an orientation protocol in the emergency department and to continue this in the general wards, with the aim of decreasing the delirium rate among older patients admitted to hospital.

Methods:
The project followed the JBI evidence implementation framework. We conducted a baseline audit, a half-way audit, and final audit of 50 patients at risk of delirium admitted to the emergency department and the general wards, respectively. The audits measured compliance with eight criteria informed by the available evidence.

Results:
In the final audit, three of the eight criteria achieved more than 50% compliance in the general wards: pressure injury screening (96%); monitoring changes (74%); and performing interventions (76%). In the emergency department, worse results were reported because of the service conditions. The exception was the criterion on the training of nurses on the topic, with 98%. The integration of a tool to screen for delirium in older patients in the hospital's electronic clinical history records increased the percentage of compliance with audit criteria regarding the use of the scale and delirium detection (rising from 0% to 32% in the final audit in the general wards).

Conclusion:
Through the implementation of this project, validated and evidence-based evaluation will ensure that nurses are supported through appropriate measures to reduce patient confusion and aggression resulting from delirium.
A Multicenter Retrospective Chart Review on the Effectiveness and Tolerability of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Adolescents and Young Adults With Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar Depression
Authors: Schukking Nout , Scheepstra Karel W.F. , Bergfeld Isidoor O. , van Waarde Jeroen A. , Tendolkar Indira , Spaans Harm-Pieter , Hegeman Annette J. M. , Scheepens Dominique S. , Lok Anja 
Published: November 2023

Background
Major depressive disorder and bipolar depression in adolescents and young adults are prevalent and major contributors to the global burden of disease, whereas effective interventions are limited. Available evidence is insufficient to assess effectiveness and tolerability of electroconvulsive therapy in depressed adolescents and young adults.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted in patients with major depressive disorder or bipolar depression who underwent electroconvulsive therapy from 2001 to 2021 in 12 centers in the Netherlands. Patients were classified as young (15–25 years) and older adults (26–80 years). Primary outcome was effectiveness, expressed as response (≥50% reduction in rating scale score compared with baseline) and remission. Rating scale scores were cross-sectionally assessed at baseline and at the end of the index course. Outcomes of remitters were included in responders. Secondary outcome was occurrence of subjective cognitive impairment and adverse events. Long-term outcomes were not available.

Results
In the young (n = 57) and older adult (n = 41) group, 40.4% and 56.1% (P = 0.153) of patients achieved response and 28.1% and 39.0% (P = 0.281) remission, respectively. Subjective cognitive impairment (80.5% vs 56.3%; P = 0.001) and transient cardiac arrhythmia (14.6% vs 2.8%; P = 0.020) were reported significantly more frequently in the older adult group.

Conclusions
Despite significantly more comorbidity of personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and anxiety disorders, effectiveness in the young was similar to the older adults. Tolerability was even superior in the young, despite significantly more bilateral treatment. Electroconvulsive therapy could be considered a viable treatment option in depressed adolescents and young adults.
Relevance of pharmacogenetic analyses and therapeutic drug monitoring of antidepressants for an individualized treatment of peripartum psychopathology
Authors: Colombo Anna , Cafaro Rita , Di Bernardo Ilaria , Mereghetti Marta , Cerolini Lucia , Giacovelli Luca , Giorgetti Federica , Vanzetto Simone , Girone Nicolaja , Savasi Valeria , Cetin Irene , Clementi Emilio , Bosi Monica Francesca , Viganò Caterina Adele , Dell’Osso Bernardo 
Published: November 2023

Objective
Psychiatric disorders burden the peripartum period, often requiring psychopharmacological treatment, including antidepressants. Efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants are influenced by the physiological changes of the peripartum and individual metabolic profiles, which in turn can be modified by pregnancy. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between antidepressants’ pharmacokinetic profiles during pregnancy and individual metabolic profiles, along with the efficacy of the treatment.

Methods
In total 87 outpatients with diagnoses of bipolar disorder, major depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder who required antidepressant treatment during pregnancy were recruited. Genotyping analysis of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYPs) individual isoforms was performed. Antidepressants’ blood concentrations and psychometric assessments were collected at five time points. Antidepressants’ cord blood concentrations were assessed at birth.

Results
Sertraline showed greater stability in plasma concentrations and a lower placental penetrance index. Most of the antidepressants’ concentrations below the therapeutic range were found in women with an extensive/ultrarapid metabolic profile. Antidepressants mainly metabolized by CYP2C19 were less frequently below the therapeutic range compared with antidepressants metabolized by CYP2D6.

Conclusions
Pregnancy modulates cytochrome activity and drugs’ pharmacokinetics. Genotyping analysis of CYPs isoforms and therapeutic drug monitoring might be used to guide clinicians in a well-tolerated treatment of psychiatric symptoms in pregnant women.
A novel learning function for adaptive surrogate-model-based reliability evaluation
Authors: Yang Shiyuan , Meng Debiao , Wang Hongtao , Yang Chang 
Published: November 2023

The classical reliability analysis methods, due to the ever-increasing complexity of engineering structure, may lead to higher and higher calculation errors and costs. The adaptive surrogate-model-based reliability evaluation method strikes a desirable balance between computational efficiency and accuracy, making it a prevalent technique in the domain of reliability evaluation. Learning function is the core of this reliability evaluation method. In this study, a novel learning function is proposed to adaptively choose the best update sample. This learning function does not depend on the prediction variance provided by the Kriging model. Therefore, this learning function is not limited to the Kriging model. In theory, it can be combined with different surrogate models. Four comparative cases are used to illustrate the computational efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method, including series system case with four branches, highly nonlinear two-dimensional numerical example, and two practical engineering case.
This article is part of the theme issue 'Physics-informed machine learning and its structural integrity applications (Part 2)'.
Physics-informed deep learning for structural vibration identification and its application on a benchmark structure
Authors: Zhang Minte , Guo Tong , Zhang Guodong , Liu Zhongxiang , Xu Weijie 
Published: November 2023

Structural vibration identification is an important task in civil engineering that is based on processing measured data from structural monitoring. However, predicting the response at unsensed locations based on limited sensor data can be challenging. Deep learning (DL) methods have shown promise in vibration data feature extraction and generation, but they struggle to capture the underlying physics laws and dynamic equations that govern vibration identification. This paper presents a novel framework called physics-informed deep learning (PIDL) that combines deep generative networks with structural dynamics knowledge to address these challenges. The PIDL framework consists of a data-driven convolutional neural network for structural excitation identification and a physics-informed variational autoencoder for explicit time-domain (ETD) vibration analysis with the generated unit impulse response (UIR) signal of the measured structure. The proposed framework is evaluated on a benchmark structure for structural health monitoring, demonstrating its effectiveness in extracting physics-related dynamics features and accurately identifying excitation signals and latent physics parameters across different damage patterns. Additionally, the incorporation of an ETD method-aided convolution function in the loss function aligns the generated UIR signals with the dynamic properties of the measured structure. Compared with conventional DL-based vibration analysis methods, the PIDL framework offers improved accuracy and reliability by integrating structural dynamics knowledge. This study contributes to the advancement of structural vibration identification and showcases the potential of the PIDL framework in civil structure monitoring applications.
This article is part of the theme issue 'Physics-informed machine learning and its structural integrity applications (Part 2)'.
Interpretable fusion methodology of health indices with an application to industrial turbine cavitation condition monitoring
Authors: Fu Yichu , Chen Yikai , Wang Dong , Peng Zhike 
Published: November 2023

Using health indices (HIs) to characterize machine conditions is greatly helpful to prevent machine failures and their subsequent catastrophe. Fusion and interpretation of the main contributions of HIs to machine condition monitoring are still challenging. In this paper, an interpretable fusion methodology of HIs is proposed for machine condition monitoring. The proposed methodology begins with elements of statistical learning for classification, following by an essence of how HIs are fused with their associated linear weights to realize machine condition monitoring. One main contribution of this paper gives a theoretical justification for positive and negative weights of the proposed fusion methodology for understanding their importance for machine condition monitoring and making the proposed methodology physically interpretable. In order to be suitable for two practical situations, in which whether faulty data are available or not, two solutions including an offline solution with healthy and faulty datasets and an online solution with only available healthy datasets are suggested to estimate interpretable weights of the proposed methodology. Finally, industrial turbine cavitation status data collected from our group are used to verify the proposed methodology and show its superiority to two existing popular machine fault diagnosis methods.
This article is part of the theme issue 'Physics-informed machine learning and its structural integrity applications (Part 2)'.
Physics-based and machine-learning models for accurate scour depth prediction
Authors: Jatoliya Ajay , Bhattacharya Debayan , Manna Bappaditya , Bento Ana Margarida , Fazeres Ferradosa Tiago 
Published: November 2023

Scour phenomena remain a significant cause of instability in offshore structures. The present study estimates scour depths using physics-based numerical modelling and machine-learning (ML) algorithms. For the ML prediction, datasets were collected from previous studies, and the trained models checked against the statistical measures and reported outcomes. The numerical assessment of the scour depth has been also carried out for the current and coupled wave–current environment within a computational fluid dynamics framework with the aid of the open-source platform REEF3D. The outcomes are validated against the previously reported experimental studies. The results obtained from ML schemes demonstrated that the artificial neural network and adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system models have an elevated level of effectiveness compared with the other models. Whereas the numerical analysis results show a good agreement against the reported values. For the current only conditions, the normalized scour depth (S/D) at the front and rear end of the pier is 0.65 and 0.81. For the wave–current conditions, the normalized scour depth (S/D) is 0.26. The study highlights the importance of machine learning and physics-based numerical modelling to assess scour depth within a reasonable time frame without compromising accuracy.This article is part of the theme issue 'Physics-informed machine learning and its structural integrity applications (Part 2)'.