bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REFINING AN ICT-ENRICHED NONPHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION FOR PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA: A PARTICIPATORY DESIGN
Authors: Choy Jacky C P , Wong Gloria Hoi-Yan , Wong Kayla 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Information and communication technology (ICT) has enabled the rapid development of remote non-pharmacological intervention for people living with dementia (PLwD). Yet, PLwD were seldom actively involved in the design process. We developed a prototype of Virtual Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (vCST) by adapting CST, an evidence-based group activity intervention, for remote delivery and tested among PLwD in the community. Following a participatory design approach, the current study aims to understand the needs of refinement from the users’ and providers’ perspectives for improving person-centred engagement and accessibility of vCST. Participants were 15 PLwD who received fourteen vCST sessions, 15 family carers who assisted the PLwD’s participation, and 15 trained volunteers who delivered the sessions. We observed the video-recordings of vCST sessions, and then conducted semi-structured interviews with dyads of PLwD and carers, and focus groups with the providers. Thematic analysis was conducted to understand their views on refinement needs. Two themes and 7 subthemes representing a two-level refinement needs emerged. At intervention operation level, 3 subthemes were 1) pre-assessment of personal characteristics, 2) consistent and comfortable environment and equipment setup, and 3) optimal level of carer involvement. At activity delivery level, 4 subthemes were 5) facilitating skills for positive relationships and active participation, 5) tailoring activity content to PLwD biography, interest, and ability, 6) interactive and collaborative activity design for rapport building and empowerment, and 7) materials use for enhancing stimulation and engagement. With appropriate research design and interview prompts, PLwD could comprehend novel ideas and actively contribute to intervention design.
TRAINING INTERPROFESSIONAL STUDENTS TO LEAD AND COLLABORATE IN THE FIELD OF GERONTOLOGY AND OLDER ADULT CARE
Authors: Wong Jennifer , Kang Chun-Ya Belinda 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With the historic demographic transition of older populations outnumbering younger ones comes an urgent need for services and support for older adults, which entails an integration of various fields. Simultaneously, there has been an alarming decline in the amount of professionals entering older adult care. Furthermore, colleges and universities provide limited education on the service of older adults, and even less fieldwork exposure to older demographics. As such, academia and fieldwork teams must prioritize the training of students in the field of gerontology and of equal importance, students in adjacent fields in order to recruit and equip the incoming workforce in older adult care. Moreover, the training must be integrated and emphasize leadership, as the complex care of older adults requires an interprofessional team engaged in multi-level collaboration. Wallis Annenberg GenSpace is an innovative community space dedicated to older adults and is invested in combating ageism and promoting lifelong learning. GenSpace serves as a fieldwork placement for gerontology, occupational therapy, communication, and public health students. Through supporting community programs and larger policy level work, students are immersed in various aspects of gerontology. Students discover a diversity of crucial ways that their respective professions can contribute to serving older adults. Additionally, GenSpace’s team-based environment allows students to understand the various roles of their peers and prepare to build cross-sectoral partnerships when they enter the workforce. The orientation, curriculum, and outcomes of the student fieldwork completed thus far will be presented.
PREVALENCE OF ELDER ABUSE AND NEGLECT OF PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Sun Fei , Zhang Xuehan , Shen Yan , Feng Yali , Kennedy Teri 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
People with dementia (PWD) are at high risk for abuse and neglect. Little is known about the synthesized prevalence rate of abuse among this population though. This study reviewed articles on abuse and neglect among PWD to learn about the pooled prevalence estimates of elder abuse among this population with a meta-analytic approach and examined the heterogeneity associated with the prevalence estimates through meta-regression and subgroup analyses. A total of 27 studies were selected from 479 relevant studies after careful identification using eight academic databases (e.g., ProQuest, CINAHL Plus). All 27 studies received acceptable scores on study quality and demonstrated no significant publication biases. All the studies included a total sample of 11,246 care recipient and caregiver dyads. In addition to overall abuse, three subtypes of elder abuse including physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect were examined. Results showed that the pooled prevalence of overall elder abuse was 41% (95%CI [0.31,0.49], p &lt; 0.001). The pooled prevalence of abuse subtypes were 43%(95% CI [0.35, 0.52], p &lt; .001) for emotional abuse, followed by neglect at 16%, and physical abuse at10% (95% CI [0.07, 0.13], p &lt; 0.01). Overall, studies with caregiver average age below 60. reported higher abuse rates than those with caregivers’ age over 60. These results call for more policy and practice efforts to assist PWD who are victims of abuse and neglect, and more so, to prevent caregivers from exerting abuse and neglect behaviors toward PWD via education, skills training and support.
A LONGITUDINAL EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF RESILIENCE AGAINST ANXIETY DURING COVID-19
Authors: Carr Dawn , Sachs-Ericsson Natalie , Sheffler Julia , Meynadasy Melissa , Schmidt Brad , Hajcak Greg 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This longitudinal study of community dwelling older adults (N = 453) examined consequences of COVID-related worries on changes in anxiety symptoms before relative to during the pandemic. We further evaluated if pre-COVID psychological resilience (PR) buffered the impact of COVID-related worry. Pre-COVID data were collected in September 2018. COVID-related worry and COVID anxiety symptoms were collected in October 2020 (Wave 2). Controlling for pre-COVID anxiety symptoms, we examined if COVID-related worries (e.g., I’m worried that I might die from COVID-19) were associated with increased anxiety symptoms, and whether pre-COVID PR moderated the association between COVID-related worries and prospective increases in anxiety symptoms. COVID-related worries were associated with increased anxiety symptoms (β = 0.005, p &lt; .01), whereas pre-COVID PR was associated with a decrease in anxiety symptoms (β = -0.029, p &lt; .05). PR moderated the association; COVID-related worries were associated with greater increases in anxiety symptoms among those with low pre-COVID PR (Model η2 = 0.35). Thus, the extent to which COVID-related worries influenced psychological health was dependent on pre-COVID levels of PR. We conclude the combined vulnerabilities of low pre-COVID PR and high COVID-related worries significantly increased the psychological consequences of COVID-19 for our sample of older adults.
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF SELF-HELP GUIDED BY LAY PROVIDERS FOR GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Landreville Philippe , Grenier Sébastien , Gosselin Patrick , Carmichael Pierre-Hugues 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Low use of professional help for anxiety disorders in older adults may be due in part to limited access to mental health services. Self-help guided by lay providers (LPs) could help improve access to treatment. This study evaluated the efficacy and long-term outcomes of self-help guided by LPs for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in older adults. Participants (≥ 60 years) with threshold or subthreshold GAD were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 75) or a wait-list control group (n = 75). Intervention group participants used a manual presenting readings and exercises based on principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy and received weekly support calls by LPs. Groups were similar in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and initially did not differ significantly on outcomes. At post-treatment, the intervention group had decreased significantly on various measures while the wait-list group remained stable: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7): -4.8 vs -.03; Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ): -11.7 vs .07; Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI): -5.3 vs -.07. Probability of having a diagnosis of threshold GAD decreased significantly more in the intervention group (79% to 16% vs 74% to 53%). Intervention group scores on the GAD-7, the PSWQ, and the GAI as well as probability of having a diagnosis of threshold GAD remained stable at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Results provide evidence of the efficacy of self-help guided by LPs for GAD in older adults as well as of the maintenance of improvement following this treatment.
A STUDY ON THE TYPES OF CHANGES IN DEPRESSION AND COVID-19 AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN KOREA
Authors: Jeong Kyu-Hyoung , Ryu Ju Hyun , Lee Seoyoon , Kim Sunghee 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on the long-term trends in depression levels in older adults, with a particular focus on the period following the onset of COVID-19. While previous studies have examined depression levels in older adults, this study aims to complement those studies by providing a longitudinal perspective. This study used data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study(KoWePS), which included 2,716 data of older adults aged 65 and above, from 2017 to 2021. The study variables included gender, age, income, educational background, residential area, living alone, and disability status. The results of this study identified two types of changes in depression levels in older adults: the ’rapidly rising’ type and the ’steadily increasing’ type. The study found that those who were more likely to belong to the ’rapidly rising’ type were those with lower equalized annual income, women, those with lower education, those living in urban areas, and those living alone. These findings suggest that those who are already at risk for depression are at even higher risk during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Given these findings, it is crucial to provide timely and effective guidelines to prevent depression in older adults during outbreaks of infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Policymakers should consider the findings of this study when implementing policies aimed at preventing depression in older adults. Overall, this study provides important insights into the long-term trends in depression levels in older adults and highlights the importance of addressing this issue in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
IT BOTHERS ME TO ASK FOR HELP: MODERATION OF SELF RELIANCE ON MASCULINE DEPRESSION AND SUICIDAL IDEATION IN OLDER MALES
Authors: Lohmar Sabine , An Jeongwi , Owsiany Montgomery , Fenstermacher Erika , Fiske Amy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Compared to females, males are less likely to seek help and less likely to be diagnosed with depression despite having depressive symptoms. Masculine depression, a ‘masked’ depression is associated with greater endorsement of masculine norms such as self-reliance. Self-reliance, or a preference to not seek help from others, is related to suicidal ideation in males. Although death by suicide remains the highest among adult males over the age of 75, research has yet to examine the role that self-reliance has on suicidal ideation in older males with masculine depression. This study examined the moderating effect of the self-reliance subscale of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-30) on the relation between the Male Depression Risk Scale-22 (MDRS-22) and the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaires-Revised (SBQR). This study included 214 males aged 65 and older surveyed on Mechanical Turk. A multiple regression analysis indicated that self-reliance moderated the relation between the MDRS-22 and the SBQR (β =.220, t = 2.174, p=.031). Graphical representations of these data indicated that the relation between the MDRS-22 and SBQR was stronger in those with higher self-reliance. Thus, older males with masculine depression may be more likely to endorse suicidal ideation if they endorse self-reliance norms, or are less likely to seek help from others. This study illustrates the importance of self-reliance when understanding older males with elevated suicide risk. Future research should address how other masculine norms influence or explain the relation between masculine depression and suicidal ideation.
THE EFFECT OF MEDIA USAGE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN KOREAN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Kim Miri , Chung Soondool 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The current study was conducted to examine the structural relationship between change in the media usage during the COVID-19 pandemic, media use frequency, perception of social connectivity and depressive symptoms among older people in South Korea. The study sought to address the increased use of media among older adults during the pandemic. A cross-sectional dataset with 398 older adults aged 65 to 94 living in Seoul was analyzed using a structural equation model with the bootstrapping method. The findings are as follows. In terms of direct effects, older adults who used more media during the COVID-19 pandemic showed lower level of depressive symptoms (β=-.141,p&lt;.001), older adults who used media more frequently showed an increase in the perception of social connectivity (β=.123,p&lt;.001), and older adults with higher perception of social connectivity showed lower level of depressive symptoms (β=-.371,p&lt;.001). In terms of the indirect effects, the perception of social connectivity had a significant mediating effect in the relationship between change in the media usage during the COVID-19 pandemic and depressive symptoms (95% CI: -0.044, -.001), as well as in the relationship between media use frequency and depressive symptoms (95% CI: -.059, -.033). The findings of the study underscore the importance of social connectivity in promoting mental health among older adults during periods of social isolation and highlight the potential benefits of media usage.
EXPLORING EMOTION CONTROL BELIEFS ACROSS THE LIFESPAN: ROLES OF AGE AND CHRONIC ILLNESS
Authors: Rutledge Jocelyn , Barlow Meaghan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Existing theory and research highlights emotion control beliefs have important implications for emotion regulation and psychological well-being. Emotion control beliefs can be subdivided into four categories: the extent to which people believe 1) they can control their emotion (self-can beliefs), they should control their emotions (self-should beliefs), 3) others can control their emotions (others-can beliefs), and 4) other should control their emotions (others-should beliefs). To our knowledge, research has yet to examine how developmental factors are associated with emotion control beliefs in adults (i.e., age and non-normative experience of chronic illness). Past research highlights age related differences in emotional processes, and the influence of non-normative chronic illness on emotional well-being. Therefore, the present study utilized data from a lifespan sample of 47 participants (younger adults: n = 21, age range = 19-35, M = 27.55; older adults: n = 26, age range = 68-81, M = 72.40) to examine differences in emotion control beliefs among younger and older adults, people with and without chronic illness, and the interaction between these factors. Our analyses revealed levels of self-can beliefs were lower in people with chronic illness. In particular, younger adults with chronic illness reported the lowest levels of self-can beliefs. By contrast, among people without chronic illness, older adults reported lower levels of others-should beliefs, relative to younger adults. These findings inform theories of emotional aging, development, and health by suggesting emotion control beliefs vary with age and chronic illness.
CHANGES IN DRIVER’S LICENSE STATUS AMONG MID-AGED AND OLDER CANADIANS OVER THREE YEARS
Authors: Stinchcombe Arne , Hopper Shawna , Gagnon Sylvain , Bedard Michel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
For older people, driving may contribute to health and quality of life. Conversely, driving cessation is associated with negative outcomes, including poor physical and mental health. We examined changes in driving status over a three-year period among participants in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), which includes Canadians aged 45-85 at baseline. At baseline (data collected between 2011 and 2015) and follow-up (data collected between 2015 and 2018), participants reported whether they had a driver’s license. Using multiple logistic regression, we examined the relationship between covariates and changes in license status (i.e., having a license at baseline but not at follow-up vs. maintaining license). Of the participants who reported having a driver’s license at baseline (n=36,266), 1.19% (n=432) reported no longer having one at follow-up. This change was associated with lower income categories and poorer self-rated health. Age (B=.12, p&lt;.001) and depression symptoms (B =.04, p&lt;.001) were positively associated with no longer having a license. Participants who reported a change had lower scores on a memory task (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; B=-.07, p&lt;.001). Women had greater odds than men to report a change in driver’s license at follow-up (OR=1.5, p&lt;.001). The results highlight the salience of health, cognition, and income as correlates of driving cessation in a sample of mid-aged and older adults. These results may help identify individuals who are likely to stop driving and who may need additional supports maintaining mobility, health, and quality of life.
GOLF CARTS AS A TRANSPORTATION MODE: WHO USES THEM?
Authors: Barrett Anne , Mimbs Hope , Noblitt Jessica , Michael Cherish , Soulie Brianna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Golf carts are rising in popularity among older adults, not only for use on the course but also for traveling short distances. Alongside their rising popularity are increases in related injuries, which have been the focus of the relatively small literature on golf carts. Little is known, however, about the frequency or social patterning of older adults’ use of golf carts as a transportation mode. Using data from an online survey of Floridians aged 50 and older that was conducted between December 2020 and April 2021 (n=4,199), we used multivariate regression to examine five sets of predictors of golf cart use: sociodemographics, health, subjective aging experiences, transportation experiences, and social relationships. Sociodemographics predicting more frequent golf cart use included being younger, male, or white. More frequent golf cart use also was associated with lower levels of loneliness but was unrelated to physical health. Other predictors of more frequent golf cart use included reporting older age identities and more frequent walking. Also significant were social relationship measures. Results revealed more frequent golf cart use among married individuals and those interacting more frequently with friends – but less frequently with family members. By examining a variety of factors that may influence golf cart use, our study provides clues about how golf carts may relate to older adults’ transitioning from driving.
LOCATION MODERATES THE EFFECT OF COGNITIVE TRAINING ON CRASH RISK OVER 20 YEARS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVE STUDY
Authors: Wheeler Katie , Bell Tyler , Carroll Brooke , Pope Caitlin , Ball Karlene , Clay Olivio , Stavrinos Despina , Black Sheila 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Driving is a critical everyday function that helps older adults remain independent. The Advanced Cognitive Training in Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study has shown cognitive training improves driving safety outcomes for older adults. Few studies have examined the longitudinal effects of cognitive training on crash risk beyond 5 years. To address this empirical gap, we aimed to determine the effects of cognitive training on crash risk over 20 years, and how urbanicity moderates these relationships. Using participants from the no-contact control and intervention (speed of processing, memory, and reasoning training) groups in the ACTIVE study (n=2170) and state-recorded crash reports, cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the effect of three cognitive training interventions as predictors of time to first at-fault crash over 20 years. Participants (mean age 73, 73% White, 23% Male) reported driving 90.6 miles/week on average and 12.6% experienced an at-fault crash. Overall, speed of processing training was the only intervention related to lower crash risk, but this varied by urbanicity. Namely, speed of processing training was related to lower crash risk for individuals living in rural environments (HR=.16, 95% CI [.04-.73], p=.018) but not for individuals in urban environments (HR=.89, 95% CI [.54-1.50], p=.679). Findings highlight the safety benefits of speed of processing training for older drivers living in rural environments where more fatal crashes occur. However, interventions are still needed to improve safety in urban environments where more crashes occur generally. Consideration of location in future interventions may help improve safe driving for older adults.
BROADBAND ACCESS, SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS, AND SELF-REPORTED HEALTH IN A RURAL COMMUNITY SAMPLE OF OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Killian Tim , Garrison Betsy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Social connections provide older persons with access to important resources supporting their physical and psychological health. People aging in rural areas may have more challenges to maintaining and developing social connectedness because of geographic separation with friends, neighbors, and family members. One way to mitigate the risk of reduced social connectedness is by using internet-enabled technologies to facilitate social connections. However, these solutions are also limited by internet access, stability, and questions about whether or not technology enabled connections are able to meet needs for social connections. The objective of this study was to examine the role of internet access to (a) social connectedness and (b) self-rated health (SRH) and direct and indirect pathways from internet access to SRH. We used data collected in 2020 during the height of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns from a random sample of about 450 people aged 50 years old or older living in rural counties in Arkansas. Path analyses were used to regress participants’ self-reported health on social connectedness and examine direct and indirect pathways from internet access to health. Interestingly, we found that internet access was positively related to self-reported health, but was fully mediated through social connectedness. Moreover, these relationships remained significant even after controlling for variabilities in income. Although more research is needed, these results suggest that maintaining social connections using the internet was an effective approach to support the health of the older rural persons and has policy implications for maintaining and continuing to increase stable broad-band technologies for rural areas.