bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nd:YAG pulsed laser on the antibacterial activity and physical properties of newly synthesized composites, CdO/Co3O4 and Ag/CdO/Co3O4
Authors: El Agammy E F , Hasaneen M F , Essawy Amr A , Moustafa Shaima M N , Khalil G E , Nassar A M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Two compounds were prepared: cadmium oxide/cobalt oxide (referred to as oxide A) and silver decorated cadmium oxide/cobalt oxide (referred to as oxide B). Yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers, doped with neodymium, were used to irradiate the samples at 532 nm and 1064 nm. The effect of the Nd:YAG laser on the morphological, optical, structural, and antibacterial properties was investigated. The XRD data shows that both oxides are polycrystalline, and the laser irradiation increases the crystal size. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy results (SEM) show that particle size increases with laser irradiation and laser wavelength. While both oxides expand under the influence of a laser, oxide A has a larger optical band gap than oxide B. The intensity of PL increases with the pulsed laser effect and the addition of Ag. The antibacterial test shows that silver is quite effective in eliminating germs and other harmful microbes for human health. Moreover, the results show that, after adjusting the other laser parameters, the wavelength of 1064 nm performed better compared to the wavelength of 532 nm in pure water.
Lead integrated two-dimensional (MXene/PbCrO4) nanocomposite designed for energy storage and photocatalytic degradation applications
Authors: Akram Mariam , Rani Malika , Batool Kiran , Habila Mohamed A , Sillanpää Mika , Shah Aqeel Ahmad , Shafique Rubia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Supercapacitors (SCs), among other electrochemical device applications, require materials with maximal energy storage capacity, and the stacked two-dimensional titanium carbide MXene (Ti3C2) sparked the development of these materials. This paper embellished to present smoothed MXene/PbCrO4 nanocomposite via co-precipitation method along with modified sol–gel achieved lead chromate (PbCrO4) nano-crystalline for energy storage and photocatalytic applications using ethylene glycol as connecting agent to restrict nano-particle growth. It is evident from photoluminescence spectra that peak intensity has decreased, whilst Raman spectra show the presence of MXene and lead peaks in the nanocomposite, whereas FTIR has revealed the presence of functional groups in synthesized material. According to calculations made using EIS spectra, the charge transfer resistance is 1.4 Ω, with the electron shift rate constant Kapp value 6.98 10−9 cm s−1. Additionally, the electrochemical performance of the designed material in supercapacitors at 0.3Ag−1 of current density indicates elevated capacitance of 5408 Fg−1 with scan rate of 10 mV s−1 using 1MKOH aqueous electrolyte, resulting in power and energy densities of 2991.8 W kg−1 and 110.1 Wh K−1 g−1, respectively. UV–vis spectra shows the nanocomposite has a 1.86 eV band gap that, in the presence of direct sunlight, might cause the destruction of MB dye at a rate of 92.79%. These findings suggested that the newly created MXene/PbCrO4 nanocomposite demonstrates evidence of substantial features as compared to single materials has potential as an electrode material for supercapacitors as well as best photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants regarding water purification.
Regularization scheme dependence of the counterterms in the galaxy bias expansion
Authors: Patrone Samuel , Testa Adriano , Wise Mark B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper we explore how different regularization prescriptions affect the counterterms in the renormalization of the galaxy bias expansion. We work in the context of primordial local non-Gaussianity including non-linear gravitational evolution. We carry out the one-loop renormalization of the field δρ

2 (i.e. the square of the matter overdensity field) up to third order in gravitational evolution. Three regularization schemes are considered and their impact on the values of the counterterms is studied. We explicitly verify that the coefficients of the non-boost invariant operators are regularization scheme independent.
Stochastic dynamics of multi-waterfall hybrid inflation and formation of primordial black holes
Authors: Tada Yuichiro , Yamada Masaki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We show that a hybrid inflation model with multiple waterfall fields can result in the
formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) with an astrophysical size, by using an advanced algorithm to follow the
stochastic dynamics of the waterfall fields. This is in contrast to the case with a single
waterfall field, where the wavelength of density perturbations is usually too short to form PBHs
of the astrophysical scale (or otherwise PBHs are overproduced and the model is ruled out)
unless the inflaton potential is tuned. In particular, we demonstrate that PBHs with masses of
order 1020 g can form after hybrid inflation consistently with other cosmological
observations if the number of waterfall fields is about 5 for the case of instantaneous
reheating. Observable gravitational waves are produced from the second-order effect of large
curvature perturbations as well as from the dynamics of texture or global defects that form after
the waterfall phase transition.
Spectra of axions emitted from main sequence stars
Authors: Nguyen Ngan H. , Tanin Erwin H. , Kamionkowski Marc 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We compute the detailed energy spectra of axions with two-photon coupling produced in
stellar cores over a wide range of stellar masses. We focus on main sequence stars and base our
calculations on the stellar interior profiles from MESA, for which we provide simple fits in an
appendix. The obtained stellar axion spectra, combined with recent models of star formation
history and stellar initial mass function, enable us to estimate the properties of the diffuse
axion background sourced by all the stars in the universe. The fluxes of this stellar axion
background and its decay photons are subdominant to but can in principle be disentangled from
those expected from the Sun and the early universe based on their different spectral and spatial
profiles.
Disassociation of a one-dimensional cold molecule via quantum scattering
Authors: Li Wen-Liang , Song Hai-Jing , Song Tie-Ling , Zhou D L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Motivated by the recent experimental developments in ultracold molecules and atoms, we propose a simple theoretical model to address the disassociation, reflection, and transmission probability of a one-dimensional cold molecule via quantum scattering. First, we show the Born approximation results in the weak interaction regime. Then, by employing the Lippmann–Schwinger equation, we give the numerical solution and investigate the disassociation’s dependence on the injection momentum and the interaction strengths. We find that the maximum disassociation rate has a limit when increasing the interaction strengths and injection momentum. We expect that our model can be realized in experiments in the near future.
Dark matter interactions from an extra U(1) gauge symmetry with kinetic mixing and Higgs charge*
Authors: Shan 单 Lianyou 连友 , Yu 余 Zhao-Huan 钊焕 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigate fermionic dark matter interactions with standard model particles from an additional

gauge symmetry, assuming kinetic mixing between the

and

gauge fields as well as a nonzero

charge of the Higgs doublet. To ensure gauge-invariant Yukawa interactions and the cancellation of gauge anomalies, standard model fermions are assigned Y-sequential

charges proportional to the Higgs charge. Although the Higgs charge should be small owing to collider constraints, it is useful to decrease the effective cross section of dark matter scattering off nucleons by two orders of magnitude to easily evade direct detection bounds. After performing numerical scans in the parameter space, we find that the introduction of the Higgs charge can also enhance the dark matter relic density by at least two orders of magnitude. In the case where the resonance effect is important for dark matter freeze-out, when the observed relic density and direct detection constraints are tangled, the Higgs charge can expand physical windows to some extent by relieving the tension between the relic density and direct detection.
Investigating the Evolution of Amati Parameters with Redshift
Authors: Singh Meghendra , Singh Darshan , Lal Pandey Kanhaiya , Verma Dinkar , Gupta Shashikant 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the brightest objects in the Universe and, hence, can be observed up to a very high redshift. Properly calibrated empirical correlations between intensity and spectral correlations of GRBs can be used to estimate the cosmological parameters. However, the possibility of the evolution of GRBs with redshift is a long-standing puzzle. In this work, we used 162 long-duration GRBs to determine whether GRBs below and above a certain redshift have different properties. The GRBs are split into two groups, and we fit the Amati relation for each group separately. Our findings demonstrate that estimations of the Amati parameters for the two groups are substantially dissimilar. We perform simulations to investigate whether the selection effects could cause the difference. Our analysis shows that the differences may be either intrinsic or due to systematic errors in the data, and the selection effects are not their true origin. However, in-depth analysis with a new data set comprised of 119 long GRBs shows that intrinsic scatter may partly be responsible for such effects.
Dual-Wavelength Q-switched Fiber Laser Generation by Incorporating 2D Materials in D-SMS Fiber Structure
Authors: Zaini M. A. Z. , Saaid N. F. F. M. , Rusdi M. F. M. , Latiff A. A. , Rahman M. F. A. , Al-Masoodi A. H. H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We demonstrate a dual-wavelength Q-switched fiber laser generation by inserting a combination of SM-MM-SM fiber and a d-shape structure. This combination is known as D-SMS fiber. By side-polishing an SM fiber with 1-dB loss, the d-shape fiber structure is obtained. Then the d-shape SM fiber is spliced to 25 cm long MM and SM fiber to form a D-SMS fiber structure. After inserting D-SMS fiber, a stable dual-wavelength presence at 1562.8 nm and 1563.8 nm (1 nm wavelength spacing). The pulse train generates once we deposited a graphene oxide solution onto the surface of the d-shape structure. This Q-switching operation mode obtained from 45 mW to 111 mW pump power with a maximum pulse energy of 56 nJ. The repetition rate and pulse width have been recorded from 34 kHz to 55 kHz and from 10.22 µs to 6.47 µs, respectively.
Exploration of Fibre Bragg Grating for Potential Breathing Behaviour Monitoring System
Authors: Noorbahrin N. A. S. , Mohd Asseri S. N. F. , Ahmad H. , Lim K. S. , Bahari I. , Thambiratnam K. , Zulkifli M. Z. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An optical-fiber based temperature sensor for the monitoring of breathing behaviour during different physical activities is proposed and demonstrated. The proposed sensor utilizes Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) to detect temperature changes in breath, which are then correlated to the breathing behaviour and thus able to profile the patient for breathing abnormalities. The proposed sensor is cost-effective and light-weight, and can be integrated into wearable devices for real-time monitoring of the patient.
Study on the mechanism of coarse grain formation of 6061 aluminium alloy forged wheels
Authors: Chen Tieqiang , Xu Shiwen , Li Meng , Liu Haifeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The formation of coarse grains is easy to occur during the mass production of 6061 aluminium alloy forged wheels. The coarse grains and uneven grain structure will lead to the reduction and instability of the mechanical properties of the wheels, which will affect the fatigue strength, corrosion resistance and impact toughness of the wheels. In this paper, the effect of solution temperature and solution time on the coarse-grained formation of 6061 forged wheel was studied. The reasons and mechanism of coarse-grained formation were revealed by advanced materials characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscope, electron backscattering diffraction and transmission electron microscope. The results show that the deformation causes a large number of dislocation pile-up and entanglement in the grain, forming a large number of small angle sub-grains, and the heating process of sub-grains has more interfaces, which provides the driving energy for the abnormal grain growth.
Recrystallization kinetics of larger yttria particle dispersion tungsten alloy warm rolled to 50% thickness reduction
Authors: Wang K , He G Y , Zan X , Luo L M , Liu J Q , Wu Y C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tungsten-based materials are considered one of the candidate materials for the key components (such as the first wall and diverter) of future thermonuclear fusion reactors because of their excellent properties. At high operation temperatures, restoration processes such as recovery, recrystallization and grain growth will unavoidably embrittle ductile tungsten achieved by rolling. Dispersed second-phase particles will affect the recrystallization behavior. The thermal stability of a yttria dispersion-strengthened tungsten plate warm-rolled to 50% thickness reduction is investigated. Isochronous annealing is used to predict its recrystallization temperature range and isothermal annealing is used to study its recrystallization kinetics. The tungsten alloy in the present study has a faster recrystallization kinetics and a smaller activation energy compared to that of W-2 vol% Y2O3 alloy with small Y2O3 particles, indicating that the larger Y2O3 particles have little effect on impeding grain boundaries during recrystallization.
On intergranular interaction and the crystallographic mechanism of plastically deformed polycrystalline metals
Authors: Mao Weimin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Taylor principle prevailing currently has been proved to be effective only when grains or grain clusters are deformed in a rigid environment, which disagrees with the reality. Grains realize their plastic deformation in elastoplastic environment, and the equilibrium of intergranular stress and strain need to be reached simultaneously and naturally. The intergranular reaction stress (RS) during deformation can be calculated according to Hooke’s law and the yield stress should be the up-limit of the RS. The combinations of constant external stress and changing RS in RS theory induce alternate activation of deformation systems including slips and twinning with different work hardening rates, while grain orientations and inhomogeneous distribution of external stress have important influence. Some additional deformation systems near the boundaries need to be locally activated when the reduced stress up-limits are reached frequently, to balance the intergranular stress and strain incompatibilities in elastoplastic way. Based on the simpler RS theory, the simulation results of rolling texture on aluminium, low carbon steel, austenite stainless steel, titanium are very close to the reality, indicating that the intergranular elastoplastic interactions and the corresponding crystallographic behaviours of plastic deformation have been reasonably and quantitatively described, therefore, Taylor principle becomes no more necessary.
Microstructure, texture and recrystallization of heavily rolled CoCrFeNi medium entropy alloy
Authors: Mishin O V , Xiao Y W , Cheng Z , Winther G , Wu G L , Mao X P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The microstructure and texture have been characterized in a CoCrFeNi medium entropy alloy after cold rolling to 85% and subsequent annealing at 550°C for 130 min. It is observed that the as-rolled microstructure is heterogeneous and comprises extended regions of either 〈110〉//ND or 〈111〉//ND orientations and volumes of mixed orientations. The microstructure also contains a large number of shear bands acting as preferential nucleation sites for recrystallization during annealing. Recrystallization generates annealing twins, which results in new components along the 〈110〉//ND fiber and other new orientations, thus making the texture of recrystallized regions fairly weak. Orientations demonstrating increased intensities in the recrystallization texture are identified as {113}〈332〉 and {236}〈385〉 components.
NbC reinforced FeMnCoCr high entropy alloy with excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance
Authors: Wang Q , Deng X T , Yu S X , Wang Z D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a NbC reinforced FeMnCoCr dual-phase high entropy alloy was used. After hot rolling, cold rolling and annealing, partial recrystallization sample and fully recrystallized fine-grained sample were obtained. The annealed samples are a single FCC phase, with micron-sized NbC particles of different shapes including columnar, granular and polygonal are distributed in the matrix. The yield strength of the partial recrystallization sample is 708 MPa, which was 1.4 times of the yield strength of the fine-grained sample, and the tensile elongation is 39.4%. The main reasons for the high yield strength of partially recrystallized samples is dislocation strengthening. The recrystallization volume fraction of partially recrystallized samples is 66.2%, and the un-recrystallization grains contain high dislocation density, and the increment of dislocation strengthening is 144 MPa. The work hardening rate of partially recrystallized samples is lower than that of fine-grained samples. Due to the high dislocation density in the partially recrystallized samples, there are fewer dislocations that can be activated and propagated during the tensile process. The high yield strength and the existence of a large number of micron-sized NbC make the NbC reinforced FeMnCoCr high entropy alloy have good wear resistance.
Microstructure and texture development during annealing in UF340
Authors: Li Yi , Guan Jiandong , Ma Jiaji , Gong Jian , Wu Nai , Wei Dong , Wang Wenjun , Chen Fengjiao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
UF340 is a new type of cold-rolled fine grain high-strength steel with excellent formability developed by Shougang Co., Ltd Company. In this paper, the formation mechanism of recrystallisation texture of UF340 during annealing at 720 °C were systematically investigated. The as-received cold rolled sheet displayed a pronounced α-fiber texture together with a weak γ-fiber texture. With increasing annealing time, recrystallization occurred in the elongated grains, γ-fiber texture grains generated and grew up gradually. The texture component of the original α-fiber grains shift toward {112} <110>, {023} <100>, {223}<352> and finally {111} <112>. High r-values of UF340 in all directions were achieved by the development of the remarkable γ-fiber texture. In addition, the

r
¯

value of the annealed UF340 was as high as 1.96, and the Δr value was only 0.2. As a result, excellent deep drawability and relatively high strength of UF340 were realized simultaneously, making it one of the ideal materials for automobile outer panels.
Exploring 4D microstructural evolution in a heavily deformed ferritic alloy
Authors: Yildirim Can , Detlefs Carsten , Zelenika Albert , Poulsen Henning F. , Rodriguez-Lamas Raquel , Cook Philip K. , Kutsal Mustafacan , Mavrikakis Nikolas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present a multi-scale study of recrystallization annealing of an 85% cold rolled Fe-3%Si alloy using a combination of dark field X-ray microscopy (DFXM), synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The intra-granular structure of the as-deformed grain reveals deformation bands separated by ≈ 3–5°misorientation. We monitor the structural evolution of a recrystallized grain embedded in bulk, from the early stages of recrystallization to 65% overall recrystallization through isothermal annealing steps. Results show that the recrystallized grain of interest (GOI) grows much faster than its surroundings yet remains constant in size as the recrystallization proceeds. Isolated dislocations embedded within the volume of the recrystallized GOI are investigated.
Research on the modeling and control mechanism of three-phase cascade rectification stage of non-power frequency transformer
Authors: Hu Jingpeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Non-power frequency transformers are essential and important devices for new energy generation and smart grid construction. This article analyzes the working principle of voltage cascade rectifier stage, constructs a mathematical model of three-phase cascade rectifier stage system, and simplifies its model. Finally, the idea of overall control of the voltage loop in the rectifier stage system was derived, and the traditional control method of rectification was directly transplanted into the overall control system of the cascade rectifier stage. At the same time, the characteristics of voltage loop and current loop of cascade rectifier stage system are analyzed, and the relevant control structure block diagram and controller design idea are given, which lays an important theoretical foundation for in-depth study of non-power frequency transformer.
ECG Signal Acquisition and Processing System
Authors: Chu Huiyan , Zhen Wei , Wang Hai , Wan Yuanfei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper mainly designs an ECG signal acquisition and processing acquisition system, which mainly includes two parts: an ECG acquisition front-end circuit module and a LabVIEW processing and display module. The front-end circuit of ECG acquisition mainly consists of amplifying and filtering modules, which are used to collect and process human signals in real time. In addition, a charging box circuit is designed at the same time, which can charge the ECG monitoring equipment while storing energy and increase the standby time of the equipment. At the same time, the acquired signal is filtered in LabVIEW, and the baseline drift is eliminated to obtain a cleaner and clearer ECG waveform.
An ascorbic acid-decorated nanostructured surface on titanium inhibits breast cancer development and promotes osteogenesis
Authors: Li Rong , Liu Hongyu , Shi Qinying , Zhang Guannan , Pang Guobao , Xu Yannan , Song Jianbo , Lu Ying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The chest wall is the most frequent metastatic site of breast cancer (BC) and the metastasis usually occurs in a solitary setting. Chest wall resection is a way to treat solitary BC metastasis, but intraoperative bone defects and local tumor recurrence still affect the life quality of patients. Titanium-based prostheses are widely used for chest wall repair and reconstruction, but their inherent bio-inertness makes their clinical performance unfavorable. Nanostructured surfaces can give titanium substrates the ability to excellently modulate a variety of cellular functions. Ascorbic acid is a potential stimulator of tumor suppression and osteogenic differentiation. An ascorbic acid-decorated nanostructured titanium surface was prepared through alkali treatment and spin-coating technique and its effects on the biological responses of BC cells and osteoblasts were assessed. The results exhibited that the nanorod structure and ascorbic acid synergistically inhibited the proliferation, spreading, and migration of BC cells. Additionally, the ascorbic acid-decorated nanostructured surface significantly promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts. This work may provide valuable references for the clinical application of titanium materials in chest wall reconstruction after the resection of metastatic BC.