bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative diet-gut microbiome analysis in Crohn’s disease and Hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Cronin Peter , McCarthy Siobhan , Hurley Cian , Ghosh Tarini Shankar , Cooney Jakki C. , Tobin Ann-Marie , Murphy Michelle , O’Connor Eibhlís M. , Shanahan Fergus , O’Toole Paul W. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe chronic inflammatory skin disease Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is strongly associated with Crohn’s Disease (CD). HS and CD share clinical similarities and similar inflammatory pathways are upregulated in both conditions. Increased prevalence of inflammatory disease in industrialised nations has been linked to the Western diet. However, gut microbiota composition and diet interaction have not been compared in HS and CD.MethodsHere we compared the fecal microbiota (16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing) and habitual diet of previously reported subjects with HS (n = 55), patients with CD (n = 102) and controls (n = 95).Results and discussionPatients with HS consumed a Western diet similar to patients with CD. Meanwhile, habitual diet in HS and CD was significantly different to controls. Previously, we detected differences in microbiota composition among patients with HS from that of controls. We now show that 40% of patients with HS had a microbiota configuration similar to that of CD, characterised by the enrichment of pathogenic genera (Enterococcus, Veillonella and Escherichia_Shigella) and the depletion of putatively beneficial genera (Faecalibacterium). The remaining 60% of patients with HS harboured a normal microbiota similar to that of controls. Antibiotics, which are commonly used to treat HS, were identified as a co-varying with differences in microbiota composition. We examined the levels of several inflammatory markers highlighting that growth-arrest specific 6 (Gas6), which has anti-inflammatory potential, were significantly lower in the 40% of patients with HS who had a CD microbiota configuration. Levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12, which is a modulator of intestinal inflammation in CD, were negatively correlated with the abundance of health-associated genera in patients with HS. In conclusion, the fecal microbiota may help identify patients with HS who are at greater risk for development of CD.
Exploring the causal correlations between 486 serum metabolites and systemic lupus erythematosus: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Li , Li Wenyu , Ma Qing , Lin Youkun , Cui Zhezhe 
Published: November 2023

Objective: The observational association between circulating metabolites and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been well documented. However, whether the association is causal remains unclear. In this study, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) was introduced to analyse the causal relationships and possible mechanisms.Methods: We conducted a two-sample bidirectional MR study. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 7,824 participants provided data on 486 human blood metabolites. Outcome information was obtained from a large-scale GWAS summary, which contained 5,201 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) cases and 9,066 control cases of Europeans and yielded a total of 7,071,163 SNPs. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) model was recruited as the primary two-sample MR analysis approach, followed by sensitivity analyses such as the heterogeneity test, horizontal pleiotropy test, leave-one-out analysis, and linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression.Results: In this study, we discovered that 24 metabolites belonging to the lipid, carbohydrate, xenobiotic and amino acid superpathways may increase the risk of SLE occurrence (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, the metabolic disorders of 51 metabolites belonging to the amino acid, energy, xenobiotics, peptide and lipid superpathways were affected by SLE (p &lt; 0.05). Palmitoleate belonging to the lipid superpathway and isobutyrylcarnitine and phenol sulfate belonging to the amino acid superpathway were factors with two-way causation. The metabolic enrichment pathway of bile acid biosynthesis was significant in the forward MR analysis (p = 0.0435). Linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism (p = 0.0260), betaine metabolism (p = 0.0314), and glycerolipid metabolism (p = 0.0435) were the significant metabolically enriched pathways in the reverse MR analysis.Conclusion: The levels of some specific metabolites may either contribute to the immune response inducing SLE, or they may be intermediates in the development and progression of SLE. These metabolites can be used as auxiliary diagnostic tools for SLE and for the evaluation of disease progression and therapeutic effects.
Fuzzy super twisting mode control of a rigid-flexible robotic arm based on approximate inertial manifold dimensionality reduction
Authors: Qian Xiaoshan , Xu Lisha , Yuan Xinmei 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe control of infinite-dimensional rigid-flexible robotic arms presents significant challenges, with direct truncation of first-order modal models resulting in poor control quality and second-order models leading to complex hardware implementations.MethodsTo address these issues, we propose a fuzzy super twisting mode control method based on approximate inertial manifold dimensionality reduction for the robotic arm. This innovative approach features an adjustable exponential non-singular sliding surface and a stable continuous super twisting algorithm. A novel fuzzy strategy dynamically optimizes the sliding surface coefficient in real-time, simplifying the control mechanism.ResultsOur findings, supported by various simulations and experiments, indicate that the proposed method outperforms directly truncated first-order and second-order modal models. It demonstrates effective tracking performance under bounded external disturbances and robustness to system variability.DiscussionThe method's finite-time convergence, facilitated by the modification of the nonlinear homogeneous sliding surface, along with the system's stability, confirmed via Lyapunov theory, marks a significant improvement in control quality and simplification of hardware implementation for rigid-flexible robotic arms.
Reperfusion status and postoperative blood pressure in acute stroke patients after endovascular treatment
Authors: Xu Hongye , Li He , Zhang Ping , Gao Yuan , Liu Hanchen , Shen Hongjian , Hua Weilong , Zhang Lei , Li Zifu , Zhang Yongxin , Xing Pengfei , Zhang Xiaoxi , Yang Pengfei , Liu Jianmin 
Published: November 2023

Background and purposeAn aggressive lowering of blood pressure (BP) could lead to neurological worsening, particularly of the area that has not been reperfused in acute stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). We sought to investigate the association of reperfusion status and BP course following mechanical thrombectomy (MT) with outcomes in LVO.Materials and methodsConsecutive patients with LVO treated with MT between Jan 2020 to Jun 2021 were enrolled in a retrospective cohort study. Hourly systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were recorded for 72 h following MT and maximum SBP and DBP levels were identified. The Extended Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (eTICI) scale was used to assess reperfusion extent. LVO patients were stratified in 2 groups based on reperfusion status: complete reperfusion (eTICI 3) and incomplete reperfusion (eTICI 2b/c). Three-month functional independence was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2.ResultsA total of 263 acute ischemic stroke patients with LVO were retrospectively evaluated. Complete reperfusion was achieved in 210 patients (79.8%). Post-MT maximum SBP over 160 mmHg was significantly related to worse functional outcome (38.1% vs. 55.7%, p = 0.006), higher likelihood of in-hospital mortality and 3-month mortality (19.0% vs. 6.9%, p = 0.004, 27.4% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.012). No statistical correlation was found between reperfusion status and blood pressure level (p &gt; 0.05). In patients with complete reperfusion, patients with an average BP 120-140 mmHg tends to have worse functional outcome compared with 100-120 mmHg (OR = 1.77, 95%CI: 0.97–3.23, p = 0.061).ConclusionHigh maximum SBP levels following MT are associated with an increased likelihood of 3-month functional dependence and mortality. An average BP of 100–120 mmHg tends to have better functional independence in completely reperfused patients. The effect of intensive BP control on incomplete reperfusion still warrants further investigations.
Nationwide emergency department visits for pediatric traumatic spinal cord injury in the United States, 2016–2020
Authors: Crispo James A. G. , Liu Lisa J. W. , Noonan Vanessa K. , Thorogood Nancy P. , Kwon Brian K. , Dvorak Marcel F. , Thibault Dylan , Willis Allison W. , Cragg Jacquelyn J. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionTraumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) is a debilitating neurological condition resulting in lifelong disability for many individuals. The primary objectives of our study were to describe national trends in incident emergency department (ED) visits for tSCI among children (less than 21 years) in the United States, and to determine the proportion of visits that resulted in immediate hospitalization each year, including stratified by age and sex. Secondary objectives were to examine associations between select characteristics and hospitalization following tSCI, as well as to assess sports-related tSCIs over time, including by individual sport and geographic region.MethodsWe used the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Emergency Department Sample to identify ED visits among children between January 2016 and December 2020 for incident tSCI. Diagnosis codes were used to identify tSCI and sports-related injury etiologies. Census Bureau data were used to approximate annual rates of pediatric ED visits for tSCI per 100,000 children. Unconditional logistic regression modeling assessed whether select factors were associated with hospital admission.ResultsWe found that the annual ED visit rate for tSCI remained relatively stable between 2016 and 2020, with approximately 2,200 new all-cause pediatric ED visits for tSCI annually. Roughly 70% of ED visits for tSCI resulted in hospitalization; most ED visits for tSCI were by older children (15–20 years) and males, who were also more often admitted to the hospital. Notable secondary findings included: (a) compared with older children (15–20 years), younger children (10–14 years) were less likely to be hospitalized immediately following an ED visit for tSCI; (b) patient sex and race were not associated with hospital admission; and (c) American tackle football was the leading cause of sports-related ED visits for tSCI among children. Our findings also suggest that the proportion of sports-related tSCI ED visits may have increased in recent years.DiscussionFuture research should further examine trends in the underlying etiologies of pediatric tSCI, while assessing the effectiveness of new and existing interventions aimed at tSCI prevention.
TelePriming sentence production in aphasia
Authors: Lee Jiyeon , Keen Austin D. , Farr Ellis , Christ Sharon 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe application of videoconferencing to the assessment and treatment of aphasia has been rapidly increasing; however, there is a need to develop treatments targeting sentence production in persons with aphasia (PWA) that can be delivered through videoconferencing. Structural priming has received recent attention as a potential training method for PWA. We investigated the feasibility and efficacy of a collaborative structural priming task delivered via the internet, TelePriming, in facilitating sentence production in PWA and healthy adults.MethodIn Study 1, young adults (YA), older adults (OA), and PWA participated in a collaborative dialogue-like priming task through videoconferencing, taking turns with an interlocutor (experimenter) to describe transitive action pictures with the goal of finding matching pictures. We measured whether participants produced more passive sentences to describe their picture after hearing their interlocutor produce passive compared to active sentences (primes). In Study 2, we compared the data from the OA and PWA of Study 1 (TelePriming) to different groups of OA and PWA, who completed the same priming task in person.ResultsAll three groups showed robust priming effects in Study 1, producing more passive sentences to describe target pictures after hearing the experimenter produce passive versus active sentences. In Study 2, when controlling for demographic information (age, education) and aphasia severity, TelePriming resulted in larger priming effects for OA and PWA, compared to the in-person priming task. Survey results revealed that both OA and PWA experienced increased comfort and satisfaction with using technology following the task.ConclusionInteractive message-structure alignment processes remain largely intact in PWA, and the positive effects of structural priming in a collaborative communicative task are not diminished by remote delivery. The findings demonstrate the feasibility and validity of TelePriming in OA and PWA, laying experimental groundwork for future use of TelePriming in the assessment and treatment of clinical populations with limited access to face-to-face sessions.
Use of non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: neurodevelopmental and sensory follow-up
Authors: Aljuhani Turki , Coker-Bolt Patricia , Katikaneni Lakshmi , Ramakrishnan Viswanathan , Brennan Alyssa , George Mark S. , Badran Bashar W. , Jenkins Dorothea 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) paired with oral feeding on long-term neurodevelopmental and sensory outcomes.MethodWe tested 21 of 35 children who as infants were gastrostomy tube (G-tube) candidates and participated in the novel, open-label trial of taVNS paired with oral feeding. To evaluate possible effects on development at 18-months after infant taVNS, we performed the Bayley-III (n = 10) and Sensory Profile (SP-2, n = 12) assessments before the COVID pandemic, and Cognitive Adaptive Test (CAT), Clinical Linguistics and Auditory Milestone (CLAMS), Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), and Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 gross motor tests as possible during and after the pandemic. We compared outcomes for infants who attained full oral feeds during taVNS (‘responders’) or received G-tubes (‘non-responders’).ResultsAt a mean of 19-months, taVNS ‘responders’ showed significantly better general sensory processing on the SP-2 than ‘non-responders’. There were no differences in other test scores, which were similar to published outcomes for infants who required G-tubes.ConclusionThis is the first report of neurodevelopmental follow-up in infants who received taVNS-paired feeding. They had similar developmental outcomes as historical control infants failing oral feeds who received G-tubes. Our data suggests that infants who attained full oral feeds had better sensory processing.
Fat intake impairs the recovery of endothelial function following mental stress in young healthy adults
Authors: Baynham Rosalind , Weaver Samuel R. C. , Rendeiro Catarina , Veldhuijzen van Zanten Jet J. C. S. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionMental stress has been identified as a trigger of cardiovascular events. A single episode of stress can induce acute impairments in endothelial function in healthy adults. Importantly, during stressful periods, individuals often resort to unhealthy behaviors, such as increased consumption of high-fat foods, which is also known to negatively impact endothelial function. Therefore, this study examined whether consumption of a high-fat meal would further exacerbate the negative effect of mental stress on vascular function.MethodsIn a randomized, counterbalanced, cross- over, postprandial intervention study, 21 healthy males and females ingested a high-fat (56.5 g fat) or a low-fat (11.4 g fat) meal 1.5 h before an 8-min mental stress task (Paced-Auditory-Serial-Addition-Task, PASAT). Plasma triglyceride (TAG) concentration was assessed pre-and post-meal. Forearm blood flow (FBF), blood pressure (BP), and cardiovascular activity were assessed pre-meal at rest and post-meal at rest and during stress. Endothelial function, measured by brachial flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) was assessed pre-meal and 30 and 90 min following mental stress.ResultsPlasma TAG concentration was significantly increased following the high-fat meal compared to the low-fat condition. Mental stress induced similar increases in peripheral vasodilation, BP, and cardiovascular activity, and impaired FMD 30 min post-stress, in both conditions. FMD remained significantly impaired 90 min following stress in the high-fat condition only, suggesting that consumption of fat attenuates the recovery of endothelial function following mental stress.DiscussionGiven the prevalence of fat consumption during stressful periods among young adults, these findings have important implications for dietary choices to protect the vasculature during periods of stress.
A multi-center prospective study of plant-based nutritional support in adult community-based patients at risk of disease-related malnutrition
Authors: Delsoglio Marta , Griffen Corbin , Syed Rakshan , Cookson Tobias , Saliba Hanorah , Vowles Amanda , Davies Samuel , Willey Nicola , Thomas Jennifer , Millen Nicola , Odeh Nour , Longstaff Jayne , Westran Naomi , Allan Lindsey , Offer Hannah , Howell Chloe , Sanders Meg , Gaffigan Kirsty , Garrett Kirby , Foster Sally , Salt Agnes , Carter Emily , Moore Sarah , Bergin Nick , Roper Jane , Alvarez Joe , Voss Christine , Connolly Teresa , MacDonald Clare , Thrower Tracey , Sills Darren , Baxter Janet , Manning Rhonda , Gray Lynsey , Voas Karen , Richardson Scot , Hurren Anne-Marie , Murphy Daniel , Blake Susan , McArdle Paul , Walsh Sinead , Booth Lucy , Albrich Louise , Ashley-Maguire Sarah , Allison Joanna , Brook Sarah , Capener Rebecca , Hubbard Gary P. , Stratton Rebecca J. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThere is an emerging need for plant-based, vegan options for patients requiring nutritional support.MethodsTwenty-four adults at risk of malnutrition (age: 59 years (SD 18); Sex: 18 female, 6 male; BMI: 19.0 kg/m2 (SD 3.3); multiple diagnoses) requiring plant-based nutritional support participated in a multi-center, prospective study of a (vegan suitable) multi-nutrient, ready-to-drink, oral nutritional supplement (ONS) [1.5 kcal/mL; 300 kcal, 12 g protein/200 mL bottle, mean prescription 275 mL/day (SD 115)] alongside dietary advice for 28 days. Compliance, anthropometry, malnutrition risk, dietary intake, appetite, acceptability, gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance, nutritional goal(s), and safety were assessed.ResultsPatients required a plant-based ONS due to personal preference/variety (33%), religious/cultural reasons (28%), veganism/reduce animal-derived consumption (17%), environmental/sustainability reasons (17%), and health reasons (5%). Compliance was 94% (SD 16). High risk of malnutrition (‘MUST’ score ≥ 2) reduced from 20 to 16 patients (p = 0.046). Body weight (+0.6 kg (SD 1.2), p = 0.02), BMI (+0.2 kg/m2 (SD 0.5), p = 0.03), total mean energy (+387 kcal/day (SD 416), p &lt; 0.0001) and protein intake (+14 g/day (SD 39), p = 0.03), and the number of micronutrients meeting the UK reference nutrient intake (RNI) (7 vs. 14, p = 0.008) significantly increased. Appetite (Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) score; p = 0.13) was maintained. Most GI symptoms were stable throughout the study (p &gt; 0.06) with no serious adverse events related.DiscussionThis study highlights that plant-based nutrition support using a vegan-suitable plant-based ONS is highly complied with, improving the nutritional outcomes of patients at risk of malnutrition.
Apatinib plus chemotherapy for non-metastatic osteosarcoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Jiaqiang , Zhang Fan , Dong Shuping , Yang Yang , Gao Fangfang , Liu Guancong , Zhang Peng , Wang Xin , Du Xinhui , Tian Zhichao 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundEffective adjuvant therapy for osteosarcoma is necessary for improved outcomes. Previous studies demonstrated that apatinib plus doxorubicin-based chemotherapy may improve the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy. This study aimed to clarify the effectiveness and safety of apatinib plus doxorubicin and cisplatin (AP) as neoadjuvant therapy for osteosarcoma.MethodsThe clinical data of osteosarcoma patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and surgery between August 2016 and April 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: the apatinib plus AP (apatinib + AP) group and the methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MAP) group.ResultsThis study included 42 patients with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma (19 and 23 patients in the apatinib + AP and MAP groups, respectively). The 1- and 2-year disease-free survival rates in the apatinib + AP group were higher than those in the MAP group, but the difference was not significant (P=0.165 and 0.283, respectively). Some adverse events were significantly more common in the apatinib + AP group than in the MAP group, including oral mucositis (grades 3 and 4) (52.6% vs. 17.4%, respectively, P=0.023), limb edema (47.4% vs. 17.4%, respectively, P=0.049), hand-foot syndrome (31.6% vs. 0%, respectively, P=0.005), proteinuria (26.3% vs. 0%, respectively, P=0.014), hypertension (21.1% vs. 0%, respectively, P=0.035), and hypothyroidism (21.1% vs. 0%, respectively, P=0.035). No drug-related deaths occurred. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the groups (P&gt;0.05).ConclusionThe present study suggests that apatinib + AP may be a promising candidate for neoadjuvant therapy for osteosarcoma, warranting further validation in prospective randomized controlled clinical trials with long-term follow-up.
Prognostic value of preoperative albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio in patients with surgically treated urological cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ren Shangqing , Wang Han , Yang Bo , Zheng Yang , Ou Yong , Bao Yige , Mao Yu , Feng Yunlin 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveA novel albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) is associated with the prognosis of several cancers. In the present study, we evaluate the prognostic significance of perioperative AAPR in urological cancers.MethodRelevant studies were searched comprehensively from CNKI, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science up to March 2023. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were extracted from each study to evaluate the prognostic value of perioperative AAPR in patients with surgically treated urological cancers.ResultsA total of 8 studies consisting of 3,271 patients were included in the final results. A low AAPR was significantly associated with a worse OS (HR=2.21; P&lt;0.001), CSS (HR=2.61; P&lt;0.001) and RFS/DFS (HR=2.87; P=0.001). Stratified by disease, a low AAPR was also associated with worse OS in renal cell carcinoma (HR=2.01; P&lt;0.001), bladder cancer (HR=3.37; P&lt;0.001) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (HR=1.59; P=0.002).ConclusionIn conclusion, low AAPR could serve as an unfavorable factor in patients with surgically treated urological cancers. Stratified by tumor type, the low AAPR was also associated with inferior survival. While more prospective and large-scale studies are warranted to validate our findings.