bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small for Gestational Age Newborns in French Guiana: The Importance of Health Insurance for Prevention
Authors: Osei Lindsay , Vignier Nicolas , Nacher Mathieu , Laumonnier Juliette , Conan Claude , Clarke Loreinzia , Koivogui Akoï , Covis Sabrina , Valony Luciano , Basurko Célia , Wiedner-Papin Solène , Prual Alain , Cardoso Thierry , Leneuve-Dorilas Malika , Alcouffe Leslie , Hcini Najeh , Bernard Stéphanie , Succo Tiphanie , Vendittelli Françoise , Elenga Narcisse 
Published: February 2024

Objectives: Small for gestational age (SGA) newborns have a higher risk of poor outcomes. French Guiana (FG) is a territory in South America with poor living conditions. The objectives of this study were to describe risk factors associated with SGA newborns in FG.Methods: We used the birth cohort that compiles data from all pregnancies that ended in FG from 2013 to 2021. We analysed data of newborns born after 22 weeks of gestation and/or weighing more than 500 g and their mothers.Results: 67,962 newborns were included. SGA newborns represented 11.7% of all newborns. Lack of health insurance was associated with SGA newborns (p &lt; 0.001) whereas no difference was found between different types of health insurance and the proportion of SGA newborns (p = 0.86). Mothers aged less than 20 years (aOR = 1.65 [1.55–1.77]), from Haiti (aOR = 1.24 [1.11–1.39]) or Guyana (aOR = 1.30 [1.01–1.68]) and lack of health insurance (aOR = 1.24 [1.10–1.40]) were associated with SGA newborns.Conclusion: Immigration and precariousness appear to be determinants of SGA newborns in FG. Other studies are needed to refine these results.
Oxolane Ammonium Salts (Muscarine-Like)—Synthesis and Microbiological Activity
Authors: Bogdanowicz Patrycja , Madaj Janusz , Szweda Piotr , Sikorski Artur , Samaszko-Fiertek Justyna , Dmochowska Barbara 
Published: February 2024

Commercially available 2-deoxy-D-ribose was used to synthesize the appropriate oxolane derivative—(2R,3S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-ol—by reduction and dehydration/cyclization in an acidic aqueous solution. Its monotosyl derivative, as a result of the quaternization reaction, allowed us to obtain eight new muscarine-type derivatives containing a quaternary nitrogen atom and a hydroxyl group linked to the oxolane ring. Their structure was fully confirmed by the results of NMR, MS and IR analyses. The crystal structure of the pyridinium derivative showed a high similarity of the conformation of the oxolane ring to previously published crystal structures of muscarine. Two reference strains of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853), two reference strains of Gram-positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213) and four reference strains of pathogenic yeasts of the genus Candida spp. (Candida albicans SC5314, Candida glabrata DSM 11226, Candida krusei DSM 6128 and Candida parapsilosis DSM 5784) were selected for the evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of the synthesized compounds. The derivative containing the longest (decyl) chain attached to the quaternary nitrogen atom turned out to be the most active.
THE EFFECT OF TAHFIDZ QUR’AN PROGRAM ON STUNDENTS ABILITY TO MEMORIZE THE AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Mumtazah Firyal , Sutiono Sutiono , Oktapiani Marliza 
Published: February 2024

This research is motivated by the small number of memorizers of the Qur’an.there are so many people in Indonesia, but the number of memorizers is still very far away. As Muslims we should know how noble it is when we memorize the Qur’an because the Qur’an is a book that is a guide for human life. Memorizing the Qur’an is a necessity, you can imagine when no one memorizes the Qur’an, maybe there will not be the enormity of the beauty of the Qur’an in this world. In fact, everyone’s ability to memorize in different and with the Tahfidz Qur’an program,this will be the best bridge or solution. The method used in this study is a quantitative method. The research object is the Thafidz Qur’an program at SMAIT Buahati Islamic School Jakarta. the research sample consisted of 76 students, which is the entire population in class XI. Data collection techniques are carried out using observation, questionnaires, and documentation. While the data analysis technique uses analysis with the Wilcoxon test. Based on the result of the Wilcoxon test analysis in this study, asignificance level of 0,000 was obtained (P Value < 0,05), then H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted,therefore it can be concluded that the Tahfidz Qur’an program has an effect on the ability to memorize the Qur’an class XI students at SMAIT Buahati Islamic School Jakarta.
ACTUAL PEDAGOGICAL ISSUES RELATED TO YOUTH INFORMATION CULTURE
Authors: Anvarov Alisher Abdulatifovich 
Published: February 2024

This article explains how information culture and its specific features in the modern era of information culture. The social factors that determine the lack of a critical approach to the selection of necessary information among students of a special Islamic educational college have been studied. Also, based on the fact that the acquisition of information culture is a vital necessity for future imams, the author made a number of proposals and recommendations in this regard.
In the article in the information society, ensuring fast and high-quality circulation of information in the education system becomes the main criterion for the progress and development of the country, and also analyzes in detail the need for the effective use of information in the field of education.
The scientific article presents an analysis of studies conducted on the culture of using the Internet and social networks among students studying in secondary specialized educational institutions. This is a scientific study not only in Uzbekistan, but also in all countries of Central Asia; the formation of the information culture of students in secondary specialized Islamic educational colleges has not been studied at all. Formation criteria have been developed and explained in detail information culture of students studying in secondary specialized Islamic educational colleges
Virtual Versus Reality: A Look into the Effects of Discussion Platforms on Speaking Course Achievements in Gather.town
Authors: Rayyan Mohammad , Abusalim Nimer , Alshanmy Sara , Alghazo Sharif , Rababah Ghaleb 
Published: February 2024

The fusion of education with the digital world is still a developing and crucial phenomenon, especially in light of the growth of metaverse applications and the lingering effects of pandemic-induced educational changes. Learning about the efficacy of platforms like Gather.town becomes increasingly important in this situation. This study explores the changing educational environment, focusing on the widely used technique of small group discussions. Our main goal is to compare the effects of such group discussions in real classrooms against the online setting made possible by websites like Gather.town, especially regarding academic performance. We assessed two separate groups of students using a highly controlled experimental method. One group engaged in traditional, face-to-face small group discussions, while the other participated in discussions within the virtual realm of Gather.town. Our research produced notable results, showing a significant difference in academic achievement between the two modes of interaction. Unexpectedly, the online environment displayed higher standards of academic success. These findings highlight the potential effectiveness of digital platforms in educational initiatives. While conventional, face-to-face dialogues still have significance, incorporating digital technologies could result in equal or better educational outcomes. In essence, this research offers insightful viewpoints to the continuing discussion concerning hybridized learning strategies in the modern educational environment. By highlighting the part played by digital platforms in influencing pedagogical practices, it highlights the potential for such approaches to benefit the future of education.
Deformasi Pelat Berongga Dua Arah Sebagai Perkerasan Kaku Pada Tanah Ekspansif
Authors: Prasetya Noerman Adi , Yonathan Yonathan 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research is to develop a two-way hollow plate as an alternative pavement for roads on expansive soils with studies on the southern mountain road of Tarakan City, while the steps to be implemented are to modify the existing road pavement structure with the new type of structure offered, then the results of the new design will be compared with the existing design. The results obtained are that the deformation or settlement that occurs on the slab is very small, so that there is almost no difference in height between the plates that are loaded and those that are not, even though the soil in the subgrade is classified as soft (expansive) with CBR 4%. This shows that the strength capacity due to the reduction in strength that occurs in the two-way hollow plate system is still sufficient to serve the Heaviest Axis Load (MST) based on road class IIIB on Jalan Gunung Selatan, Tarakan City. It is hoped that this research can provide information and input to structural planners in designing buildings made of reinforced concrete, especially on rigid pavement structures, and then provide alternative types of pavement for roads in areas with expansive soil types. Keywords: Rigid Pavement, Expansive Soil, Two-Ways Hollow Slab. ABSTRAK: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menemukembangkan pelat berongga dua arah sebagai alternatif perkerasan untuk jalan pada tanah ekspansif dengan studi pada jalan gunung selatan Kota Tarakan, adapun langkah-langkah yang akan dilaksanakan adalah dengan memodifikasi struktur perkerasan jalan eksisting dengan jenis struktur baru yang ditawarkan, lalu hasil dari desain baru tersebut akan dikomparasikan dengan desain eksisting. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu deformasi atau penurunan yang terjadi pada pelat sangat kecil, sehingga hampir tidak ditemukan adanya selisih ketinggian antara bidang pelat yang terbebani dan yang tidak, meskipun tanah pada subgrade tergolong lunak (ekspansif) dengan CBR 4%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan kapasitas kekuatan akibat reduksi kekuatan yang terjadi pada sistem pelat berongga dua arah masih cukup untuk melayani Muatan Sumbu Terberat (MST) berdasarkan kelas jalan IIIB yang ada pada Jalan Gunung Selatan Kota Tarakan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi informasi dan masukkan kepada perencana struktur dalam mendesain bangunan berbahan beton bertulang, khususnya pada struktur perkerasan kaku, lalu memberikan alternatif jenis perkerasan untuk jalan di daerah dengan jenis tanah ekspansif.Kata kunci: Perkerasan Kaku, Tanah Ekspansif, Pelat Rongga Dua Arah.
Studi Perubahan Tinggi Gelombang Laut Untuk Rencana Pengembangan Infrastruktur Pelabuhan Di Pantai Barat Pulau Tarakan, Kalimantan Utara
Authors: Utomo Edy , Asta Asta 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: Tarakan City has long been a supporting area for the social, cultural and economic life of the North Kalimantan Province, because of its strategic location, especially on the west side of the coast which is used for port infrastructure. Currently climatological conditions are experiencing changes resulting from global warming. An increase the height of the sea waves, because one of the wave generators in the ocean is wind. In this study, it tries to determine changes in wave height and its transformation to the water area of the Port, by utilizing wind speed and direction data sourced from ECMWF. The method used is a quantitative research method by applying the SPM Method, for forecasting wave generation and long-term wave prediction using the Weibull Method, as a reference for wave transformation for the next 100 years. The results of the prediction of wave height in the waters of the West Coast Port of Tarakan Island for the next 100 years are still within safe limits, as long as the wave height that occurs is less than 0,34 meters. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Port Infrastructure can still operate for the next 100 years, as a support for the social, cultural and economic life of the people in North Kalimantan Province. Keywords: ECMWF, Port, Tarakan, Wave, Wind ABSTRAK: Kota Tarakan telah sejak lama menjadi bagian wilayah penopang kehidupan sosial, budaya, dan perekonomian Provinsi Kalimantan Utara, karena letaknya yang strategis terutama pada sisi barat pantainya yang digunakan untuk infrastruktur Pelabuhan. Saat ini kondisi klimatologi mengalami perubahan yang diakibatkan dari pemanasan global. Peningkatan temperatur mengakibatkan perubahan pada hembusan angin yang akan berdampak pada peningkatan ketinggian gelombang laut, karena salah satu pembangkit gelombang di lautan adalah angin. Pada penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengetahui perubahan tinggi gelombang beserta transformasinya sampai ke wilayah perairan Pelabuhan, dengan memanfaatkan data kecepatan dan arah angin yang bersumber dari ECMWF. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan menerapkan Metode SPM, untuk peramalan pembangkitan gelombang dan prediksi gelombang jangka panjang menggunakan Metode Weibull, sebagai acuan transformasi gelombang untuk 100 tahun yang akan datang. Hasil prediksi tinggi gelombang di daerah perairan Pelabuhan pantai barat Pulau Tarakan untuk 100 tahun kedepan masih dalam batas aman, selama tinggi gelombang yang terjadi kurang dari 0,34 meter. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Infrastruktur Pelabuhan-pelabuhan masih dapat beroperasi untuk 100 tahun yang akan datang, sebagai penopang kehidupan sosial, budaya, dan perekonomian masyarakat di Provinsi Kalimantan Utara.Kata kunci: Angin, ECMWF, Gelombang, Pelabuhan, Tarakan
Predictive and prospective calibrated TCAD to improve device performances in sub-20 nm gate length p-FinFETs
Authors: Eyben Pierre , De Keersgieter An , Matagne Philippe , Chiarella Thomas , Porret Clément , Hikavyy Andriy , Siew Yong Kong , Goux Ludovic , Mitard Jérôme , Horiguchi Naoto 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper we present an extended analysis of thsse impact of SiGe p-epi source/drain engineering on sub-20 nm gate length p-FinFETs performance for the N7 technology node. Different Ge concentrations and profiles (graded versus non-graded) are evaluated making use of properly calibrated drift-diffusion TCAD simulations. Calibration of simulations is based on advanced metrology and on Monte-Carlo simulations such that the resulting simulated ID-VG (in LIN and SAT regimes) matches the one measured on device. The calibrated TCAD simulator is then used to understand the limited performances of the device and to propose new source/drain epi architectures with graded and increased Ge content. A new p-FinFET design is fabricated and tested, confirming a boost in ON-current and a reduction of the parasitic resistance. Prospective TCAD work is also presented suggesting possible future improvements on p-epi source/drain and on local interconnect contacts.
استعمال الخوارزمية الجينية في بناء المحفظة الاستثمارية لعينة من الشركات الصناعية
Authors: الحسناوي سالم , عباس علي 
Published: February 2024

يعد موضوع المحافظ الاستثمارية بمثابة محور التطوير لعالم الاستثمار في مواجهة الحاجات الجديدة التي ظهرت للمستثمرين. وقد كان هاري ماركويتز الحاصل على جائزة نوبل في الاقتصاد من الأوائل الذين بحثوا في المحافظ الاستثمارية من خلال مقالته "اختيار المحفظة" المنشور في المجلة المالية في عام 1952. فيما كان John Hollandمن الباحثين الأوائل في الخوارزمية الجينية في الستينيات وطـورها Holland وطلابه وزملاءه في جامعـة ميشيغان في الستينيات والسبعينيات. ثم تم استعمال الخوارزمية الجينية في مجالات شتى وقد تم تطوير الخوارزمية الجينية لبناء المحفظة الاستثمارية من مجموعة كبيرة من الأسهم المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية وتمكين المستثمرين من تحقيق اعلى العائد. وقد جاء البحث في ثلاث فقرات رئيسية تضمنت الأولى منهجية البحث فيما تناولت الثانية الإطار النظري للبحث من خلال التطرق الى الخوارزمية الجينية وبناء المحفظة الاستثمارية لينتهي البحث بالنقطة الثالثة التي كزت على الجانب العملي مع الاستنتاجات والتوصيات.
الأسلوب المعرفي (المجازفة- الحذر) لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: الجوفي اميرة , غثيث سها 
Published: February 2024

يستهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على:
-أسلوب معرفي (مجازفة – حذر) لدى الطلبة في جامعة الكوفة
- فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في أسلوب معرفي لطلبة جامعة الكوفة حسب متغير:
أ: جنس (الطلاب/ الطالبات) بـ: تخصص الدراسي (علمي/ انساني)
ولتحقيق الأهداف للبحث اعتمدت الباحثتان على ما يأتي :
1-استخدام (المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي) للكشف عن (المجازفة – الحذر) .
2-تبني مقياس اسلوب معرفي مجازفة، الحذر الذي أعدته (عبد المجيد ، 2008) المبني اساساً على نظرية (ميسك ،1984) . وتوصلت الباحثتان الى النتائج الاتية:
1- إن أسلوب الحذر هو السائد لدى عينة البحث لدى طلاب جامعة الكوفة.
2- توجد فروق دالة احصائيا في الجنس بين (الذكور والاناث) في (المجازفة – الحذر) لصالح الاناث
ضمانات حقوق الانسان وحرياته الأساسية، مفهومها، أهميتها، أنواعها، نماذجها
Authors: دخيل محمد , الخزرجي رغد 
Published: February 2024

إن من بين الوسائل الأكثر شيوعاً للآليات الحكومية الوطنية لحماية حقوق الإنسان ما يلي:
-الآلية القضائية والمحاكم الدستورية
-آلية الهيئات المتخصصة التي تنشأ أساساً للقيام بمهام المتابعة والرقابة في مجال حقوق الإنسان
-آلية الحماية الدبلوماسية
وأهم ضمانات الحقوق والحريات الفردية، الخضوع للقانون والمساواة في الحقوق والحريات بين الأفراد، فضلا عن ضمان حق التقاضي، بوصفه حقا طبيعيا من حقوق الإنسان، وهو من المبادئ الدستورية العليا التي لا يجوز المساس بها.
وتوصل الباحثان الى أن من ضمانات حقوق الإنسان والحريات الأساسية تحسين وزيادة الإنتاج؛ بما يوفر الحد الأدنى من السهولة في الحياة الاقتصادية- الثقافية للفرد؛ ولذلك يجب تربية الأفراد على الحرية من خلال وضع منهج دراسي يضمن تكوين عقليات ليبرالية قادرة على تكوين رأي مستقل مستنير.
الطعـن لمصلحـة القـانون أمام القضاء الإداري
Authors: حاتم فارس , عبد الرضا رعد 
Published: February 2024

يعد الطعن لمصلحة القانون من طرق طرق الطعن القانونية او المبادئ المهمة التي تهدف الى حماية القانون ومنع أختراقه بواسطة الاحكام والقرارات القضائية الباتة التي تحوي على خرق ومخالفة للقانون فهو يتيح للأدعاء العام او النيابة العامة على أختلاف مسميات هذا الجهاز في الانظمة القانونية المختلفة الطعن في الاحكام والقرارات القضائية التي تمس اوتخالف القانون بصورة عامة ولم يتم الطعن بها من قبل ذوي الشأن او المصلحة ، وذلك حماية للمصلحة العامة او كما تسمى مصلحة القانون دون ان يتعدى هدف هذا الطعن الى تحقيق مصلحة فردية او ذاتية للأشخاص، والمشرع العراقي قد أخذ بهذا الطعن وطبقه على الدعاوى العادية في بادئ الامر وذلك استناداً لقانون الادعاء العام الملغى رقم 159 لسنة 1979 وتعديلاته التي أشارت لهذا الطعن ، وبعد تشريع قانون الادعاء العام رقم 49 لسنة 2017 النافذ أصبح هذا الطعن يمارس أمام القضاء الاداري وفي الدعاوى الادارية ، متى ماتوافرت شروطه وأسبابه القانونية التي نص عليها القانون.
المحكم والمتشابه عند الجزائري في كتابه عقود المرجان في تفسير القرآن
Authors: الزيادي حيدر , عبد الله قاسم 
Published: February 2024

يعد المحكم والمتشابه مبحثا من مباحث علوم القرآن النصّية, وهو عامل مشترك بين العلوم الشرعية من تفسير وعلوم قرآن وأصول الفقه والحديث.
ولمعرفة المحكم والمتشابه وأثرهما التفسيري وأثرهما عند الجزائري لابد من الوقوف على تعريف هذا العلم ومعناه وأنواعه وتأثيره في التفسير، لذا تم تقسيم البحث على ثلاثة محاور، تناول الأول التعريف بالمحكم والمتشابه، وتناول الثاني المحكم والمتشابه عند الجزائري في كتابه (عقود المرجان)، أما المحور الثالث فاختص بدراسة الأثر التفسيري للمحكم والمتشابه عند الجزائري.
Uji aktivitas diuretik ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) terhadap tikus putih jantan (Rattus novergicus)
Authors: Yunus Muhammad , Naldi Jefri , Andry Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

Pendahuluan: World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2015 menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi hipertensi di dunia mencapai sekitar 1,13 miliar individu, artinya 1 dari 3 orang di dunia terdiagnosis hipertensi. Daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) mengandung flavonoid yang bermanfaat sebagai antifungi, diuretik, antihistamin, antihipertensi, insektisida, bakterisida, antivirus, dan menghambat kerja enzim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis optimal ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) paling efektif sebagai diuretik pada tikus putih jantan (Rattus novergicus). Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental laboratorium. Skrining fitokimia meliputi senyawa golongan alkaloid, flavanoid, saponin, tanin, steroid/triterpenoid. Sampel sebanyak 25 ekor tikus putih jantan, dibagi 5 kelompok. Kelompok 1, 2 dan 3 diberi ekstrak etanol dau sirih merah dengan dosis 250 mg/kgBB, 350 mg/kgBB dan 650 mg/kg BB. Kelompok 4 sebagai kontrol negatif diberi suspensi Na CMC 0,5%, kelompok 5 sebagai kontrol positif diberi suspensi furosemide. Dilakukan pengukuran volume urin tikus dengan mengukur volume urin rata-rata pada jam ke- 1-6 dan mengukur akumulasi urin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan akumulasi volume urin selama 6 jam dapat dilihat bahwa kelompok perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dosis 250mg/kgBB diperoleh sebanyak 0,57 mL, dosis 350mg/kgBB diperoleh sebanyak 2,38 mL, dan dosis 650mg/kgBB diperoleh sebanyak 4,29 mL, kontrol negatif (CMC 0,5% ) diperoleh sebanyak 0,2 mL, kontrol positif diperoleh sebanyak 27,52 mL. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah memiliki aktivitas diuretik dan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dengan dosis 650 mg/kgBB merupakan dosis paling optimal.
The Effect of Al-Qur'an Murottal Therapy Surah Ar-Rahman on Reducing Blood Pressure in Menopausal Women Suffering from Hypertension in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Humaeroh Dita 
Published: February 2024

Background: Hypertension is a chronic disease that often occurs in menopausal women. Murottal therapy from Al-Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman is believed to lower blood pressure. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of murottal therapy from Al-Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman on reducing blood pressure in menopausal women with hypertension in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia.
Methods: This research used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest with a control group design. A total of 60 menopausal women with hypertension in Purwakarta Regency were randomly divided into two groups: the intervention group (n=30) who received murottal therapy of Al-Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman for 30 minutes every day and the control group (n=30) who did not receive the intervention. Blood pressure was measured before and after intervention for 4 weeks.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in the reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the intervention and control groups after 4 weeks (p<0.05). Systolic blood pressure in the intervention group fell by an average of 10.5 mmHg, while in the control group, it fell by an average of 3.2 mmHg. Diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group fell by an average of 7.4 mmHg, while in the control group it fell by an average of 2.8 mmHg.
Conclusion: Al-Qur'an murottal therapy Surah Ar-Rahman is effective in lowering blood pressure in menopausal women with hypertension.
The Effect of Baby Gym on Improving Baby Development in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Desty Budi Lestari  , Lova Nova Rati 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Infancy is a critical period for physical, cognitive, and social-emotional development. Baby gym is a stimulation program designed to improve baby development through various physical, sensory, and social activities. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of baby gym in improving baby development in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia.
Methods: Quasi-experimental research design with pre-test and post-test. A sample of 60 babies aged 6-12 months was divided into two groups: intervention (n=30) who participated in the baby gym program for 3 months and controls (n=30) who did not participate in the baby gym program. Infant development was measured using the Denver developmental screening test (DDST) before and after intervention.
Results: There was a significant difference in the development of babies in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The intervention group showed a higher increase in the DDST total score and gross motor, fine motor, language, and personal social subdomains.
Conclusion: The baby gym program is effective in improving baby development in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia.