bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PVA@tea tree oil‐emulsion core–shell microfiber membranes for extending the shelf life of fruits
Authors: Dai Tianliang , Liu Ya , Wang Lina , Yao Juming , Zhu Guocheng , Guo Baochun , Militk Jiri , Kremenakova Dana , Zhang Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, a temperature‐regulating and antimicrobial–antioxidant fiber membrane was fabricated using coaxial electrospinning technology. The tea tree oil (TTO) emulsion used as the core solution, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the shell solution for coaxial electrospinning, has been demonstrated. Compared with the original PVA fibers, the average diameter of the fibers is increased after coaxial electrospinning, and the diameter increases with the core flow rate. The diameters corresponding to core flow rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mL/h are 561, 597, and 849 nm, respectively. Via in vitro release experiment demonstrated that the quantity of TTO released from the composite membrane increased with the elevation of temperature. The inclusions TTO and polyethylene glycol give the film excellent antibacterial–antioxidant properties and a delayed thermal response. More intriguingly, core–shell fiber membranes containing TTO in the core part are effective in slowing down the formation of oxidation spots on the surface of banana compared with pure PVA membranes. Seven days after wrapping bananas with different membranes, the surface of banana in pure PVA film was full of oxidized spots, whereas banana in PVA core–shell fibers showed only one obvious spot.
Feasibility of Kelvin probe force microscopy to measure the surface potential decay of polystyrene film due to relative humidity
Authors: Jaber Albraa A. , Abu Obaid Ahmad , Advani Suresh G. , Gillespie John W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe feasibility of measuring the surface potential decay of polystyrene (PS) film is investigated at room temperature by using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). The PS film was charged by an ion injection method utilizing Bruker's atomic force microscope (AFM) Nanoman module with a pulse duration of 1 ms, SCM‐PIT electrically conductive probe, and a voltage pulse of −250 mV. The surface potential decayed linearly on a semi‐log scale with time, where the time decay constant was quantified for relative humidity (RH) = 5% by KPFM at room temperature. The surface potential decayed due to the interaction of the PS film with the hydronium ions available in the environment. Furthermore, the effect of the material forms (film vs. microspheres) on the time decay constant at RH = 5% was investigated. The time decay constants measured using different methods exhibited excellent correlation with the AFM‐KPFM. This also confirmed that the results are independent of the material form (microspheres vs. film form). As a result, the proposed method can be used to measure the effect of RH for any PS surface (i.e., particles of various sizes and films) exposed to these environmental conditions.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis‐induced multiple tenosynovial masses with rice bodies: A case report
Authors: Moein Seyed Arman , Fereidooni Reza , Niakan Reza , Kousari Aliasghar 
Published: December 2023

Key clinical messageTenosynovitis with rice bodies is a rare presentation, diagnosable by MRI. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment for tendon sheath masses containing rice bodies. The etiology was Mycobacterium tuberculosis in our case, highlighting the need to consider extrapulmonary TB in atypical presentations, ensuring effective treatment.AbstractRice body tenosynovitis is a rare clinical phenomenon with various etiologies. Inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and tuberculosis have been shown to be associated with this condition. Herein we report a 46‐year‐old male who presented with multiple masses of the dorsal and volar aspects of the left wrist. The masses did not cause significant pain or limitation of motion. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of numerous hypointense bodies in the masses. During the surgical procedure, separate cysts originating from the synovitis of both the extensor and flexor compartments were identified along with white rice bodies within them. Masses were excised and Xpert MTB/RIF assay on the rice bodies was conclusive of M. tuberculosis (TB). The patient was discharged on anti‐TB medications with no complication or recurrence after 1 year of follow‐up.
Aldehyde and Ketone Hydroboration Mediated by a Heterogeneous Single‐Site Molybdenum‐Dioxo Catalyst: Scope and Mechanistic Implications
Authors: Liu Yiqi , Agarwal Amol , Ye Liwei , Kratish Yosi , Marks Tobin J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEfficient hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones is demonstrated using a single‐site MoO2 catalyst supported on activated carbon. Under mild conditions with low catalytic loadings, the reaction exhibits chemoselectivity towards carbonyl reduction over halides, alkene, alkyne, nitrile, and ester groups, affording high yields of desired products. Furthermore, competition studies between aldehyde and ketone reduction using HBpin and HBcat indicate that HBpin preferably functionalizes aldehydes, while HBcat can functionalize either substrate under specific conditions. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds via the initial formation of a molybdenum‐hydride species upon B−H activation and subsequent molybdenum‐alkoxide species upon carbonyl activation by the Mo center. The experimental activation energy of 14.3 kcal/mol alignssatisfactorily with the DFT computed ΔH≠ of 18.7 kcal/mol, further supporting the proposed mechanism. Combined experimental/computational analyses reveal that excess HBpin can possibly deactivate the catalyst. The presence of excess benzaldehyde efficiently mitigates deactivation by HBpin, providing significantly higher catalyst recyclability. Overall, this non‐toxic, air‐ and moisture‐stable, active, and selective catalyst demonstrates significant potential for green processes.
Nucleophilic Substitution at Phosphorus Centres – Old and Recent Studies and a Final Solution of Mechanistic and Related Stereochemical Problems
Authors: Mikołajczyk Marian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAmong many problems of a fundamental value in the heteroatom chemistry the mechanism and stereochemistry of the nucleophilic substitution reaction at the phosphorus and other heteroatom centres have attracted great attention of phosphorus chemists already in the middle of the last century. This review, which does not have a comprehensive character, summarizes the selected original contributions aimed at solution of the mechanism of SN2−P reaction and its relationship with stereochemistry. The breakthrough in these studies was the Westheimer's concept and his rules which is presented at the beginning of this article. Next, a series of papers is presented where the stereochemistry of the substitution at phosphorus was investigated in cyclic five‐, four‐ and six‐membered ring phosphorus compound. The majority of these reactions have been found to occur with retention of the P‐configuration. In the third part of this account, the selected examples of substitution reactions at phosphorus in acyclic compounds are discussed. As the results of all the investigations discussed did not allow to undoubtedly ascribe the mechanism (SN2 or A−E) to the investigated reactions, in the last part the SN‐P reactions are presented, the mechanism of which has been established by combination of the stereochemical and DFT‐studies.
Short‐Process Regeneration of Highly Stable Spherical LiCoO2 Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries through Carbonate Precipitation
Authors: He Jingjing , Cao Yuanpeng , Wang Xianshu , Zhao Chao , Huang Jiemeng , Long Wei , Zhou Zhongren , Dong Peng , Zhang Yingjie , Wang Ding , Duan Jianguo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh‐efficacy recycling of spent lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) batteries is one of the key tasks in realizing a global resource security strategy due to the rareness of lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co) resources. However, it is of great significance to develop the innovative recycle methods for spent LiCoO2, simultaneously realizing the efficient recovery of valuable elements and the regeneration of high‐performance LiCoO2. Herein, a novel strategy of regenerating LiCoO2 cathode is proposed, which involves the preparation of micro‐spherical aluminum (Al)‐doped lithium‐lacked precursor (Li2xCo1−x−yAl2/3yCO3, remarked as “PLCAC”) via ammonium bicarbonate coprecipitation. The comprehensive conditions affecting particle growth kinetics, morphology and particle size the has been investigated in detail by physical characterizations and electrochemical measurements. And the optimized Al‐doped LiCoO2 materials with high‐density sphericity (LiCo1−zAlzO2, remarked as “LCAO”) shows a high initial specific capacity of 161 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and excellent capacity retention of 99.5 % within 100 cycles at 1 C in the voltage range of 2.8 to 4.3 V. Our work provides valuable insights into the featured design of LiCoO2 precursors and cathode materials from spent LiCoO2 batteries, potentially guaranteeing the high‐efficacy recycling and utilization of strategic resources.
Double Four Ring Units‐Containing Zeolites: Synthesis, Structural Modification and Catalytic Applications
Authors: Peng Mingming , Zhao Yuhong , Xu Hao , Jiang Jingang , Wu Peng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn zeolite frameworks, double four‐ring (d4r) configurations are among the most frequent composite building units. The composition variations in d4r units greatly influence the energy and structural modifiability of the zeolitic framework. The introduction of germanium, with a larger ionic radius than silicon or aluminum, not only reduces the energy constraints of d4r in the nucleation and crystal growth of zeolites, but also opens a new window for constructing novel crystalline structures, especially with large or extra‐large pores and channels. Ge‐enriched d4r units endow germanosilicates with structure diversity readily for post treatments. Promising catalytic materials have been gradually developed and increasingly studied by direct synthesis or post‐synthetic isomorphous substitution for Ge. This review focuses on the recent progress in the synthesis, modification, and catalytic application of d4r‐containing zeolites, including germanosilicates, aluminosilicates, and silicates.
Cardio‐renal‐metabolic disease in primary care setting
Authors: Ibrahim Mahmoud , Ba‐Essa Ebtesam M. , Baker Jason , Cahn Avivit , Ceriello Antonio , Cosentino Francesco , Davies Melanie J. , Eckel Robert H. , Van Gaal Luc , Gaede Peter , Handelsman Yehuda , Klein Samuel , Leslie Richard David , Pozzilli Paolo , Del Prato Stefano , Prattichizzo Francesco , Schnell Oliver , Seferovic Petar M. , Standl Eberhard , Thomas Abraham , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Valensi Paul , Umpierrez Guillermo E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the primary care setting providers have more tools available than ever before to impact positively obesity, diabetes, and their complications, such as renal and cardiac diseases. It is important to recognise what is available for treatment taking into account diabetes heterogeneity. For those who develop type 2 diabetes (T2DM), effective treatments are available that for the first time have shown a benefit in reducing mortality and macrovascular complications, in addition to the well‐established benefits of glucose control in reducing microvascular complications. Some of the newer medications for treating hyperglycaemia have also a positive impact in reducing heart failure (HF). Technological advances have also contributed to improving the quality of care in patients with diabetes. The use of technology, such as continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM), has improved significantly glucose and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values, while limiting the frequency of hypoglycaemia. Other technological support derives from the use of predictive algorithms that need to be refined to help predict those subjects who are at great risk of developing the disease and/or its complications, or who may require care by other specialists. In this review we also provide recommendations for the optimal use of the new medications; sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and Glucagon‐like peptide‐receptor agonists 1 (GLP1RA) in the primary care setting considering the relevance of these drugs for the management of T2DM also in its early stage.
Mobilization in two‐step capillary isoelectric focusing: Concepts assessed by computer simulation
Authors: Thormann Wolfgang , Mosher Richard A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe mobilization step in a two‐step capillary isoelectric focusing protocol is discussed by means of dynamic computer simulation data for systems without and with spacer compounds that establish their zones at the beginning and end of the focusing column. After focusing in an electroosmosis‐free environment (first step), mobilization (second step) can be induced electrophoretically, by the application of a hydrodynamic flow, or by a combination of both means. Dynamic simulations provide insight into the complexity of the various modes of electrophoretic mobilization and dispersion associated with hydrodynamic mobilization. The data are discussed together with the relevant literature.
Cytotoxicity of 19 pesticides in rainbow trout gill, liver, and intestinal cell lines
Authors: Emberley-Korkmaz Sophie , Mittal Krittika , Temlock Na'im , Head Jessica , Basu Niladri 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The rainbow trout gill cell line (RTgill-W1), via test guideline 249 of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, has been established as a promising New Approach Methodology, although to advance confidence in the method more case studies are needed that: 1) expand our understanding of applicability domains (chemicals with diverse properties); 2) increase methodological throughput (96-well format); and 3) demonstrate biological relevance (in vitro to in vivo comparisons; gill vs. other cells). Accordingly, the objective of our study was to characterize the cytotoxicity of 19 pesticides against RTgill-W1 cells, and also liver (RTL-W1) and gut epithelial (RTgutGC) cell lines, and then to compare the in vitro and in vivo data. Of the 19 pesticides tested, 11, 9, and 8 were cytotoxic to the RTgill-W1, RTL-W1, and RTgutGC cells, respectively. Six pesticides (carbaryl, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, dimethenamid-P, metolachlor, and S-metolachlor) were cytotoxic to all three cell lines. Aminomethylphosphonic acid, chlorantraniliprole, dicamba, diquat, imazethapyr, and permethrin exhibited cell-line–specific toxicity. No cytotoxic responses were observed for three herbicides (atrazine, glyphosate, and metribuzin) and four insecticides (clothianidin, diazinon, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam). When cytotoxicity was measured, there was a strong correlation (rs = 0.9, p &lt; 0.0001) between in vitro median effect concentration (EC50) values (based on predicted concentrations using the In Vitro Mass Balance Model Equilibrium Partitioning (IV-MBM EQP) Ver. 2.1) derived from RTgill-W1 and RTL-W1 cells with in vivo median lethal concentration (LC50) values from 96-h acute toxicity studies with trout. In all 28 cases, the in vitro EC50 was within 18-fold of the in vivo LC50. These data help increase our understanding of the ecotoxicological domains of applicability for in vitro studies using cultured rainbow trout cells, while also demonstrating that these assays performed well in a 96-well format and have promise to yield data of biological relevance.
Sustainable Power Generation Through Solar‐Driven Integration of Brayton and Transcritical CO2 Cycles: A Comprehensive 3E (Energy, Exergy, and Exergoenvironmental) Evaluation
Authors: Khan Yunis , Raman Roshan , Said Zafar , Caliskan Hakan , Hong Hiki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSolar power tower technology has strong potential among the other concentration solar power techniques for large power generation. Therefore, it is necessary to make a new and efficient power conversion system for utilizing the solar power tower system. In present research, a novel combined cycle is proposed to generate power for the application of the solar power tower. The pre‐compression configuration of the Brayton cycle is used as a topping cycle in which helium is taken as the working fluid. The transcritical CO2 cycle is used as bottoming cycle for using the waste heat. The proposed system is investigated based on exergy, energy, and exergoenvironmental point of view using computational technique engineering equation solver. Also, the parametric analysis is carried out to check the impact of the different variables on the system performance. It is concluded that the overall plant's optimized thermal and exergy efficiencies are obtained as 31.59% and 33.12%, respectively, at 800 °C optimum temperature of combined cycle and 850 W m−2 of direct normal irradiation and 2.278 of compressor pressure ratio. However, exergetic stability factor and exergoenvironmental impact index are observed as 0.5952 and 0.6801 respectively. The present proposed system performs better than the previous studies with fewer components.
Using carboxyl groups to improve the compatibility of XNBR/lignin composites
Authors: Campos Gustavo Ninho , da Rocha Elisson Brum Dutra , Furtado Cristina Russi Guimarães , de Figueiredo Marco Antonio Gaya , de Sousa Ana Maria Furtado 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe paper and pulp industry produces lignin as a byproduct, which could be a bio‐based reinforcing filler for rubber. Carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) contains carboxyl groups that form ionic bonds with zinc oxide, potentially increasing compatibility with lignin, compared to usual nonpolar rubbers. This study employed the traditional mixing method, two‐roll mill, to incorporate hardwood Kraft lignin without chemical or physical modification as a reinforcing filler in commercial XNBR. A mixture design of experiments was used to explore the effect on rubber/lignin interaction of the carboxyl group content (from 1% to 7% in blends of XNBR) and the amount of lignin (from 0 to 40 phr). Adding 40 phr of lignin increased stress at 100% in XNBR 7% from 1.7 to 6.3 MPa. In XNBR 1%, the increase was from 1.2 to 1.9 MPa. Lignin showed better interaction and dispersion with XNBR 7%, determined from response surface of G′ at high deformations and SEM, respectively. Loss of thermal transition in DMA indicates interaction through ionic groups. These results show that the presence of carboxyl groups enhances the rubber/lignin interaction. This research open possibilities of compatibilization of lignin, offering guidance for future studies and technologies involving lignin in technical applications.Highlights
Lignin dispersion increased as the carboxyl group content increased to 7% (w/w).
Stress at 100% elongation increased 370% with 40 phr of lignin and 7% carboxyl.
Rubber/lignin interaction as per G′ increased with carboxyl groups.
Loss of thermal transition suggests lignin/carboxy/zinc oxide interaction.
Lignin can be used as a reinforcing filler in nitrile carboxylated rubber.
Enhancing shear and flexural strength of single lap composite joints with a graphene nanoparticle‐reinforced adhesive through a co‐curing technique
Authors: Venugopal Anandhan , Sudhagar P Edwin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdhesive‐bonded joints in glass fiber‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite structures give numerous benefits, such as greater flexibility, good specific strength, improved fatigue resistance, and the ability to reduce stress concentration. Consequently, adhesive‐bonded joints are considered more influential if compared to fasteners. This research investigates the effects of incorporating graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) into the adhesive layer on several aspects of adhesively bonded co‐cure (CC) single‐lap GFRP composite joints. These aspects include shear strength, flexural strength, failure mechanisms, and fractography studies. The study examined six distinct weight percentages of GNP, specifically 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 wt.%, which are considered to enhance the interfacial strength of adhesive joints. Based on the research, 0.75 wt.% of GNP single‐lap joint (SLJ) shear strength improved by 69.40% when compared to the plain matrix SLJ. This suggests excellent load transmission between adherends. In addition, the flexural strength increased by 46.57% in the specimens containing 1.25 wt.% GNP when compared to the plain matrix used to bond in SLJ. After testing, fractured specimen microscopic images were used to examine failure mechanisms. According to fractography studies, adding GNPs to the adhesive causes surfaces to become rougher, which improves the adhesion between the adhesive and the adherends.Highlights
Six distinct wt.% of GNPs were used to prepare the matrix by sonication.
Single‐lap GFRP composite joints were fabricated through a CC technique.
SLJ's maximum shear strength was found at 0.75 wt% of GNP.
SLJ's maximum flexural strength was found at 1.25 wt% of GNP.
Failure analysis was conducted using microscopes and FESEM images.
A new statistical downscaling approach for short‐term forecasting of summer air temperatures through a fusion of deep learning and spatial interpolation
Authors: Cho Dongjin , Im Jungho , Jung Sihun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReliable early forecasting of extreme summer air temperatures is essential for effectively managing and mitigating the socioeconomic damage caused by thermal disasters. Numerical weather prediction models have become valuable tools for forecasting air temperature; however, they incur high computational costs, resulting in coarse spatial resolution and systematic bias owing to imperfect parametrization. To address these problems, we developed a novel statistical downscaling and bias correction method (named DeU‐Net) for the maximum and minimum air temperature (Tmax and Tmin respectively) forecasts obtained from the Global Data Assimilation and Prediction System with a spatial resolution of 10 to 1.5 km over South Korea through the fusion of deep learning (i.e., U‐Net) and spatial interpolation. In this study, we used a methodology to decompose statistically downscaled Tmax and Tmin forecasts into temporal dynamics over South Korea and spatial fluctuations by pixels. When comparing the proposed DeU‐Net with the dynamical downscaling model (i.e., Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System) and support vector regression‐based statistical downscaling model at the seen and unseen stations for forecasting the next‐day Tmax and Tmin, DeU‐Net showed the highest spatial correlation and the lowest root‐mean‐square error in all cases. In a qualitative evaluation, DeU‐Net successfully produced a detailed spatial distribution most similar to the observations. A further comparison extending the forecast lead time to 7 days indicated that the proposed DeU‐Net is a better downscaling approach than support vector regression, regardless of the forecast lead time. These results demonstrate that bias‐corrected high spatial resolution air temperature forecasts with relatively long forecast lead times in summer can be effectively produced using the proposed model for operational forecasting.