bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enatiomeric analysis of simendan by CE with β‐CD as chiral selector compared with CMPA‐HPLC
Authors: Li Famei , Zhang Dandan , Lu Xiumei , Wang Yuling , Xiong Zhili 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe chiral separation of simendan enantiomers using capillary electrophoresis was studied with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) as chiral selector. The inﬂuences of the concentration and pH of borate buffer solution, β‐CD concentration and methanol content in the background electrolyte were investigated. These factors were compared with those in an HPLC with β‐CD as chiral mobile phase additive (CMPA‐HPLC). The quantiﬁcation properties of the developed CE method were examined. A baseline separation of simendan enantiomers was achieved in the background electrolyte of 20 mmol/L borate buffer (pH 11.0) containing 12 mmol/L β‐CD‐methanol (50:50 in volume ratio). The CE method is comparable with CMPA‐HPLC in chiral resolution, although the optimal pH in CE (11.0) is much higher than that (6.0) in CMPA‐HPLC. This chiral CE method is applicable to the quantitative ananlysis and enantiomeric excess value determination of l‐simendan. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
From issues to checkpoints and back: managing green issues in R&D
Authors: Blomquist Tomas , Sandström Johan 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe article is based on a qualitative study of how green issues affect the R&D work in two large Swedish manufacturing firms. Both internal (environmental staff, top management) and external (regulators) actors drive the greening processes and our firms seem to be far reaching in their green works. In our discussions, we rely on a dynamic model of organizational change to emphasize that if green issues, in our cases perceived as strategic issues, are to change the firm and its R&D work, there has to be a focus on not only technological (tangible) components, but also on cultural (intangible) aspects. A proactive environmental product development strategy might therefore benefit from widening its focus to the whole organization. In addition to a more holistic approach, a basic argument in the paper is also that if green issues are to survive, they have to be kept evergreen. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Constructing ‘the eating disordered patient’1: A discourse analysis of accounts of treatment experiences
Authors: Malson H. , Finn D. M. , Treasure J. , Clarke S. , Anderson G. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractIn this study 39 participants who had all been hospitalized, either in Britain or Australia, at least once for anorexia nervosa and/or bulimia, were interviewed about their experiences of treatment for an eating disorder. Each interview lasted approximately 1 hour and was semi‐structured in nature covering: (i) the beginning of participants' problems and their initial diagnosis; (ii) their history of previous interventions; (iii) their current in‐patient treatment episode; (iv) their views on their recovery and future. Interview was audio‐tape recorded and transcribed verbatim. The resulting interview transcripts were then analysed qualitatively using a discourse analytic methodology in order to identify the ways in which participants discursively constituted their treatment experiences. More specifically, the article focuses on an analysis of how ‘the eating disordered patient’ was constituted in participants' accounts both as a self‐construction and as a construction attributed to healthcare workers. The implications of these subject im/positions of ‘the eating disordered patient’ are discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of the Luciferin–Luciferase System and Quantification of Coelenterazine by Mass Spectrometry in the Deep‐Sea Luminous Ostracod Conchoecia pseudodiscophora
Authors: Oba Yuichi , Tsuduki Hiroshi , Kato Shin‐ichi , Ojika Makoto , Inouye Satoshi 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe bioluminescence system of the ostracod Conchoecia pseudodiscophora, which is abundant in the Sea of Japan, has been characterized. The luminescence (λmax=463 nm) is produced by a luciferin–luciferase reaction, and the luciferin has been identified as coelenterazine. Coelenterazine, coelenteramide, and coelenteramine from C. pseudodiscophora were quantified by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS analysis. The coelenterazine content was estimated to be approximately 230 pg per animal by using a calibration curve of synthetic coelenterazine. The reaction between homogenates of C. pseudodiscophora and synthetic coelenterazine showed luminescence activity; this suggests that a coelenterazine‐type luciferase is present.
Power Consumption in Agitated Vessels with Dual Rushton Turbines: Baffle Length and Impeller Spacing Effects
Authors: Markopoulos J. , Babalona E. , Tsiliopoulou E. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe dependence of power consumption on baffle length, L, in vessels agitated by a dual Rushton turbine system was studied within the turbulent regime, and also in relation to the impeller spacing, ΔH. A dependence of varying strength could be observed. The presence of baffles in the agitated systems provided a stabilizing effect with regard to the dependence of the Newton number Ne on the Reynolds number Re. A sharp decrease in power consumption could be detected for baffle lengths L < 0.3 H, with H the liquid height in the vessel. The Newton number was not significantly affected by L in the range 0.3 H < L< 0.5 H. For L > 0.5 H a sharp increase in Ne with increasing L could be observed. The two Rushton turbines act independently at ΔH > 1.65 d, with d being the impeller diameter. As the baffle length decreased, an increased mutual interaction between the two impellers could be observed for a broad regime of ΔH/d values. Ne was not affected by ΔH for the unbaffled agitated systems studied.
High‐Pressure Treatment of Wood – Combination of Mechanical and Thermal Drying in the “I/D Process”
Authors: Stahl M. , Bentz M. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThermal drying of materials with internal pores is always a time‐consuming and energy‐intensive step within a production process. For chemical and pharmaceutical mass products and, in particular, for wood as an important raw material it is desirable to reduce the water content before thermal treatment by mechanical operations. The wood‐processing industry, facing a rising stress of competition, is forced more than ever to offer high‐quality products at lowest prices. Today, drying of timber is mostly done by air drying or by technical drying in kiln dryers. In any case, drying is necessary to prevent deterioration in quality by shrinkage, formation of cracks, discoloration or infestation. A new process of dewatering wood by combining mechanical and thermal means has been developed at the University of Karlsruhe. Compared to conventional drying processes, short drying times and a low residual moisture content can be achieved and, thus, energy consumption and costs can be reduced. In industrial wood drying only thermal processes (e.g., convective kiln drying, vacuum drying, etc.) have been established because so far no method has been known for removing liquid by mechanical force without significant change in wood structure. With the new I/D process chances for alternatives to conventional thermal drying or for mechanothermal applications are offered.
Effective rank for multivariate calibration methods
Authors: Seipel Heather A. , Kalivas John H. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractIn order to determine the proper multivariate calibration model, it is necessary to select the number of respective basis vectors (latent vectors, factors, etc.) when using principal component regression (PCR) or partial least squares (PLS). These values are commonly referred to as the prediction rank of the model. Comparisons between PCR and PLS models for a given data set are often made with the prediction rank to determine the more parsimonious model, ignoring the fact that the values have been obtained using different basis sets. Additionally, it is not possible to use this approach for determining the prediction rank of models generated by other modeling methods such as ridge regression (RR). This paper presents measures of effective rank for a given model that can be applied to all modeling methods, thereby providing inter‐model comparisons. A definition based on the regression vector norm and is compared with two alternative forms from the literature. With a proper definition of effective rank, a better assessment of degrees of freedom for statistical computations is possible. Additionally, the true nature of variable selection for improved parsimony can be properly assessed. Spectroscopic data sets are used as examples with PCR, PLS and RR. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adsorptive Behandlung VOC‐haltiger Abluftströme – Stand der Technik
Authors: Bathen D. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractUm den Stand der Technik bei der adsorptiven Behandlung VOC‐haltiger Ströme zu ermitteln, wurden 247 Anlagen analysiert, die in den Jahren 1986 – 2003 gebaut wurden. Insgesamt zeigt diese Analyse, dass nur fünf Kombinationen aus Verfahren und Bautyp im Gebiet der VOC‐Behandlung breite Anwendung finden. Es handelt sich um Wechseladsorber, PSA‐Festbettadsorber, TSA‐Dampf‐regenerierte Festbettadsorber, TSA‐Abgas‐regenerierte Festbettadsorber und TSA‐Rotoradsorber. Aufbauend auf diesen Ergebnissen wird anhand von Beispielen aus der Industrie erläutert, welche Stärken und Schwächen die einzelnen Varianten haben und warum in welchen Bereichen welche Adsorbertypen eingesetzt werden.
Expression of cyclooxygenase‐1 and cyclooxygenase‐2 in bronchial epithelium and nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Hastürk Serap , Kemp Bonnie , Kalapurakal Shyla K. , Kurie Jonathan M. , Hong Waun K. , Lee Jin S. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDCyclooxygenase (Cox) is the main target enzyme for the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs that have been shown to suppress carcinogenesis in both experimental models and epidemiologic studies.METHODSTo evaluate its utility as an intermediate biomarker in bronchial chemoprevention trials, the authors examined Cox 1 and Cox 2 expression in normal and premalignant bronchial epithelial cells and nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) samples using an immunohistochemical staining technique. Included in the current study were 101 NSCLC samples and 77 bronchial biopsy samples obtained from 15 healthy smokers.RESULTSIn the normal bronchial epithelium, Cox 2 expression was found to be completely negative whereas Cox 1 expression was noted in a few scattered cells. The areas of basal cell hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia demonstrated the same pattern. There were relatively more Cox 2‐positive tumors, as defined by positive staining in > 10% of tumor cells, than Cox 1‐positive tumors (30 of 101 tumors [30%] vs. 14 of 101 tumors [14%]; P = 0.01). When tumor types were considered, there were more Cox 2‐positive adenocarcinomas compared with squamous cell carcinomas (21 of 51 adenocarcinomas [41%] vs. 9 of 46 squamous cell carcinomas [20%]; P = 0.03). In contrast, fewer adenocarcinomas tended to show Cox 1 expression compared with squamous cell carcinomas (4 of 51 adenocarcinomas [8%] vs. 9 of 46 squamous cell carcinomas [20%]; P = 0.14). Although smokers tended to have more Cox 2‐positive tumors than nonsmokers (29 of 91 tumors in the smokers [32%] vs. 1 of 10 tumors in the nonsmokers [10%]; P = 0.15), there was no statistically significant relation found between Cox 1 or Cox 2 expression and smoking status or prognostically significant clinicopathologic features.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study suggest that Cox 1 and Cox 2 expression may not be a useful intermediate biomarker in bronchial chemoprevention trials. Nevertheless, considering the patterns of Cox 1 and Cox 2 expression in tumor cells, Cox expression status may be a useful parameter when designing treatment strategies for a subset of NSCLC patients. Cancer 2002;94:1023–31. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10262
Serum cross‐linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) as a prognostic tumor marker in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nabeya Yoshihiro , Shimada Hideaki , Okazumi Shinichi , Matsubara Hisahiro , Gunji Yoshio , Suzuki Takao , Ochiai Takenori 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDSerum cross‐linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of Type I collagen (ICTP) is a metabolite of Type I collagen and has been reported to serve not only as a marker of bone metastasis but also as an indicator of treatment response and prognosis in several malignant tumors. The objective of this work was to evaluate the value of serum ICTP as a tumor marker in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).METHODSIn this study, pretreatment serum ICTP concentrations were measured by double‐antibody radioimmunoassay in 50 patients undergoing tumor resection, chemoradiotherapy, or palliation for newly diagnosed esophageal SCC. The cutoff value for positive ICTP levels was defined as 4.50 ng/mL. As a comparison, serum concentrations of SCC antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin‐19 fragment, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase were simultaneously evaluated. The results were categorized according to several clinicopathologic variables.RESULTSAmong the markers tested, ICTP showed the highest sensitivity (58.0%) in esophageal SCC sera. Positive ICTP levels were significantly correlated with tumor progression variables, such as tumor depth ≥ T2, regional lymph node metastasis (N1), distant metastasis (M1), TNM stage ≥ II, and maximal tumor length greater than 50 mm. Survival analyses of 29 patients who underwent curative resection demonstrated that patients who were positive for ICTP had significantly worse outcomes in terms of overall, disease specific, and disease free survival than those who were negative. Multivariate analyses confirmed that serum ICTP levels provided an independent prognostic indicator of overall and disease specific survival. However, serum ICTP values did not correlate with prognosis or treatment response in 17 unresectable cases treated by chemoradiotherapy.CONCLUSIONSOur results indicated that serum ICTP concentrations might be a novel prognostic tumor marker for assessing the progression of esophageal SCC. Cancer 2002;94:940–9. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10267
Different simian virus 40 genomic regions and sequences homologous with SV40 large T antigen in DNA of human brain and bone tumors and of leukocytes from blood donors
Authors: Martini Fernanda , Lazzarin Lorena , Iaccheri Laura , Vignocchi Beatrice , Finocchiaro Gaetano , Magnani Ivana , Serra Massimo , Scotlandi Katia , Barbanti‐Brodano Giuseppe , Tognon Mauro 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDMany studies found only a small fragment of the large T‐antigen coding sequences in human tumors, raising doubts on authenticity of SV40 sequences detected in these samples.METHODSFive different regions of SV40 DNA were investigated in 106 fresh human tumor biopsies (25 brain, 69 bone, 12 Wilms' tumors), 71 tumor‐derived cell cultures (38 from brain and 33 from bone tumors) and normal tissues (5 fresh bone biopsies and 38 buffy coats) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques and filter hybridization with specific oligoprobes. Expression of SV40 Tag sequences was analyzed in human tumor specimens by RT‐PCR.RESULTSSV40 large T‐antigen sequences were detected at high prevalence, in human biopsies of primary brain (37–44%) and bone (21–37%) tumors, in cell cultures derived from brain (30–54%) and bone (53–80%) tumors. SV40 Tag sequences were detected in 29% of buffy coats of blood donors. However, only four brain tumor cell lines showed all the five regions of the SV40 genome investigated. Expression of SV40 Tag sequences was found in 11 of 27 (41%) human tumor samples. DNA sequence analysis indicated that the PCR‐amplified products belong to the SV40 wild type. Polymerase chain reaction products of Tag middle portion from 20 of 78 (26%) samples showed a 97% homology with telomeric sequences of human chromosomes 10 and 11.CONCLUSIONSAuthentic SV40 sequences were detected in human samples. The expression of SV40 Tag sequences indicates that SV40 could play a role, as a cofactor, in the onset/progression of specific human cancers. The inability to detect some regions of the virus genome may suggest that those regions are not required for tumor persistence or growth and have been lost or, alternatively, may be the result of assay conditions that were unable to PCR‐amplify those regions in the tumors. Cancer 2002;94:1037–48. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10272
The specific role of isoflavones on estrogen metabolism in premenopausal women
Authors: Kumar Nagi B. , Cantor Alan , Allen Kathy , Riccardi Diane , Cox Charles E. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere is increasing evidence that dietary factors may play a role in the production, metabolism, and bioavailability of sex hormones and their impact on target tissues. The specific objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementing a group of premenopausal women who were free of breast carcinoma with a dietary supplement of isoflavones (40 mg per day) in producing a change in steroid hormones and menstrual cycle length.METHODSSixty‐eight consecutively recruited, premenopausal, omnivorous women of all races and ethnicities between the ages of 25 years and 55 years were admitted to the study and randomized to an experimental group supplemented with soy (40 mg genistein per day) or to a control group that consumed a placebo for a 12‐week period. Changes in their anthropometric, nutritional, and hormonal biomarkers from early follicular phase were analyzed at baseline and postintervention.RESULTSSerum‐free estradiol and estrone levels decreased moderately in the experimental group. Serum hormone‐binding globulin levels increased in 41.4% of women in the experimental group compared with 37.5% of women in the placebo group. Free estradiol decreased in 53.85% of women in the experimental group compared with 37.5% of women in the placebo group. Estrone decreased in 55.56% of women in the experimental group compared with 42.86% in the placebo group. Those women in the experimental group who were consuming soy had their mean menstrual cycle length increased by 3.52 days compared with a mean decrease of 0.06 days for women in the placebo group (P = 0.04) from baseline to the third menstrual cycle. In addition, women who were taking soy had their mean follicular phase increase by 1.46 days compared with a mean increase of 0.14 days for women who were taking the placebo (P = 0.08).CONCLUSIONSThese data suggest that increased isoflavone intake affects estrogen metabolism by altering the steroid hormone concentrations and menstrual cycle length, thereby demonstrating a potential to reduce the risk for breast carcinoma. Cancer 2002;94:1166–74. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10320
Cancer trends among Hispanic men in South Florida, 1981–1998
Authors: Wilkinson James D. , Wohler‐Torres Brad , Trapido Edward , Fleming Lora E. , MacKinnon Jill , Voti Lydia , Peace Steven 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDHispanics now represent a majority of residents in Miami‐Dade County, Florida. In this report, the authors present new cancer incidence and mortality data for South Florida's Hispanic men for the period 1990–1998 and compare them with data from a previous report from the 1980s. Periodic updating of cancer incidence data, reflecting current population distribution, lifestyle, and environmental risk factors, is necessary to inform cancer prevention and control activities optimally.METHODSThe study population consisted of all incidents of cancer (1981–1998) occurring in males from Miami‐Dade County, as determined from the Florida Cancer Data System data base; patients were divided into two 9‐year periods for analysis. Age‐standardized incidence and mortality rates were computed for 14 common cancer sites, and rates for Hispanic men were compared with the rates for non‐Hispanic white men as standardized rate ratios (SRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Incidence and mortality trends were determined using linear regression analysis.RESULTSNearly 70,000 incident cancer cases were analyzed. For 1990–1998, the top five incident cancers for both race/ethnic groups were the same. The overall decreased cancer risk for Hispanic men (SRR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.79–0.82), compared with non‐Hispanic white men, remained essentially constant over the two study periods. Cancer incidence increased similarly for the two race‐ethnic groups; cancer mortality decreased, with a sharper decrease for non‐Hispanic white men, resulting in apparent convergence of mortality trends recently.CONCLUSIONSDifferences in cancer risk for South Florida's Hispanic men have not attenuated over the past 20 years. With cancer incidence significantly less for Hispanic men, their mortality rate approaches that of non‐Hispanic white men, and cancer prevention and control strategies targeted for this ethnic group become increasingly important. Cancer 2002;94:1183–90. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10321
Overexpression of caveolin‐1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma correlates with lymph node metastasis and pathologic stage
Authors: Kato Kentaro , Hida Yasuhiro , Miyamoto Masaki , Hashida Hideaki , Shinohara Toshiya , Itoh Tomoo , Okushiba Shunichi , Kondo Satoshi , Katoh Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDCaveolin‐1 plays a regulatory role in several signaling pathways. Recently caveolin‐1 was identified as a metastasis‐related gene in prostate carcinoma. However, the clinical impact of caveolin‐1 expression in esophageal carcinoma remains unknown.METHODSOne hundred thirty surgical specimens of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were immunohistochemically assessed for caveolin‐1 expression by polyclonal antibody. Caveolin‐1 immunoreactivity was correlated with patients' clinicopathologic parameters and outcome.RESULTSPositive caveolin‐1 immunostaining was detected in 58 patients (44.6%). Positive caveolin‐1 immunostaining correlated positively with pathologic stage (P = 0.029), pN (P = 0.023), and pM (P = 0.018). The overall survival rate was worse in patients with caveolin‐1‐positive tumors than in patients with caveolin‐1‐negative tumors (P = 0.0215). Univariate analyses identified caveolin‐1 positivity (P = 0.0238), pT (P = 0.0002), pN (P < 0.0001), pM (P = 0.0002), lymphatic invasion (P = 0.0021), and positive surgical margin (P < 0.0001) as negative prognostic predictors. Multivariate analyses indicated that pT (P = 0.0296), pN (P = 0.0003), and a positive surgical margin (P = 0.0452) were independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSIONSOver‐expression of caveolin‐1 is associated with lymph node metastasis and a worse prognosis after surgery in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer 2002;94:929–33. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10329