bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The causal effects of working time on mental health: The effectiveness of the law reform raising the overtime wage penalty
Authors: Kohara Miki , Noda Taisei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present paper reexamines the causal effect of working hours on workers’ mental health. We utilize Japan's 2010 reform of the Labor Standards Act as a social experiment to examine how the increased wage penalty for long overtime work affects working hours and workers’ mental health. Utilizing a unique panel dataset containing health behaviours as well as individual, household and workplace characteristics of male workers, we find that the wage penalty reform indeed succeeded in reducing overtime hours and total working hours and that the reductions contributed to better mental health of workers. Further empirical investigation suggests that the reduction effect of the reform on working time is homogeneous among age groups; however, the harmful effect of working time on mental health is large and statistically significant among young workers. Our results suggest that setting a high wage penalty for long overtime work effectively reduces overtime work and improves workers’ health outcomes, particularly for young people.
An unusual case of high‐voltage electrocution of a truck driver due to inadvertent contact of the truck with an overhead wire
Authors: Mathew Deepu , Jadav Devendra , Munisankar Prudvi , Meshram Vikas P. , Kumawat Ruchi , Elhence Poonam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrocution deaths are mostly accidental. However, reconstruction of events in unusual electrocution death is challenging. This article reports an accidental death due to electrocution in a highly unusual circumstance, in which a truck driver reversing his vehicle was electrocuted when his truck inadvertently touched an overhead high‐voltage wire. The electric injury marks were present over the sole of the right foot. The scene investigation revealed that the high‐voltage wire was loose and was below the level of the prescribed height. The truck was passing over an elevated area made up of dirt and stone. The interior of the cabin of the truck revealed a few non‐insulated metallic areas over the floor of the truck, between the accelerator and the brake, which were attributed as the sources of entry of electricity into the body. The electric injury marks were different than those usually seen in high‐voltage electrocution as there was an intermediate object (truck) involved, and the contact period between the truck and the electric wire was minimal. This fatality was attributed to the non‐proper insulation of the interior of the truck, the negligent driving of the truck driver over the elevated surface, and the loose high‐voltage wire without proper maintenance.
Electrical current disrupts the electron transfer in defined consortia
Authors: Yee Mon Oo , Ottosen Lars D. M. , Rotaru Amelia‐Elena 
Published: December 2023

AbstractImproving methane production through electrical current application to anaerobic digesters has garnered interest in optimizing such microbial electrochemical technologies, with claims suggesting direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) at the cathode enhances methane yield. However, previous studies with mixed microbial communities only reported interspecies interactions based on species co‐occurrence at the cathode, lacking insight into how a poised cathode influences well‐defined DIET‐based partnerships. To address this, we investigated the impact of continuous and discontinuous exposure to a poised cathode (−0.7 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode) on a defined consortium of Geobacter metallireducens and Methanosarcina barkeri, known for their DIET capabilities. The physiology of DIET consortia exposed to electrical current was compared to that of unexposed consortia. In current‐exposed incubations, overall metabolic activity and cell numbers for both partners declined. The consortium, receiving electrons from the poised cathode, accumulated acetate and hydrogen, with only 32% of the recovered electrons allocated to methane production. Discontinuous exposure intensified these detrimental effects. Conversely, unexposed control reactors efficiently converted ethanol to methane, transiently accumulating acetate and recovering 88% of electrons in methane. Our results demonstrate the overall detrimental effect of electrochemical stimulation on a DIET consortium. Besides, the data indicate that the presence of an alternative electron donor (cathode) hinders efficient electron retrieval by the methanogen from Geobacter, and induces catabolic repression of oxidative metabolism in Geobacter. This study emphasizes understanding specific DIET‐based interactions to enhance methane production during electrical stimulation, providing insights for optimizing tailored interspecies partnerships in microbial electrochemical technologies.
A novel index reveals disconnects between recreational harmful algal bloom exposure risks and responses among U.S. states
Authors: Dodds Walter K. , Bonjour Sophia M. , Fisher Molly , Krueger Laura J. , Pfaff Peter J. , Raihan Md. Abu , Rode Olivia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecreational and occupational contact with freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose human health and economic risks worldwide. Individual U.S. states control monitoring, reporting, and mitigation of recreational exposure to HABs. We surveyed states to catalog responses to HAB problems. We used this data to develop a state‐specific HAB response index (HABRI) and compared it to HAB risks derived from empirical nation‐wide data and per capita state environmental management and public health spending. States varied in regulations, reporting, monitoring, communication, and mitigation. The HABRI was not correlated with empirically based risk. Several states had no limits on toxin exposure or limits that were higher than recommended by the USEPA or World Health Organization. Other states did not provide public signage or notification when HABs were occurring and recreation could be hazardous. Increased federal involvement, communication among states, and state and federal legislation could minimize this variation and positively influence responses. We identify best practices for addressing HABs in our study that could provide guidance to authorities in any part of the world while developing new programs or enhancing existing efforts.
Mineral Geochemistry of Apatite in the Jiama Porphyry‐Skarn Deposit, Tibet and its Geological Significance
Authors: YANG Yang , TANG Juxing , ZHANG Zebin , TANG Pan , XIE Fuwei , RAN Fengqin , YANG Zongyao , YANG Huaichao , BAI Yun , SUN Miao , QI Jing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Jiama deposit, a significant porphyry‐skarn‐type copper polymetallic deposit located within the Gangdese metallogenic belt in Tibet, China, exemplifies a typical porphyry metallogenic system. However, the mineral chemistry of its accessory minerals remains under‐examined, posing challenges for resource assessment and ore prospecting. Utilizing electron microprobe analysis and LA‐ICP‐MS analysis, this study investigated the geochemical characteristics of apatite in ore‐bearing granite and monzogranite porphyries, as well as granodiorite, quartz diorite, and dark diorite porphyries in the deposit. It also delved into the diagenetic and metallogenic information from these geochemical signatures. Key findings include: (1) The SiO2 content, rare earth element (REE) contents, and REE partition coefficients of apatite indicate that the dark diorite porphyry possibly does not share a cogenetic magma source with the other four types of porphyries; (2) the volatile F and Cl contents in apatite, along with their ratio, indicate the Jiama deposit, formed in a collisional setting, demonstrates lower Cl/F ratios in apatite than the same type of deposits formed in a subduction environment; (3) compared to non‐ore‐bearing rock bodies in other deposits formed in a collisional setting, apatite in the Jiama deposit exhibits lower Ce and Ga contents. This might indicate that rock bodies in the Jiama deposit have higher oxygen fugacity. Nevertheless, the marginal variation in oxygen fugacity between ore‐bearing and non‐ore‐bearing rock bodies within the deposit suggests oxygen fugacity may not serve as the decisive factor in the ore‐hosting potential of rock bodies in the Jiama deposit.
A Methodology for Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Underground Space
Authors: GUO Junhan , LIU Kai , MA Yan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUnderground space resources are important for the purposes of urban sustainable development and are a significant means by which to realize three‐dimensional urban development. A reasonable and scientific evaluation of underground space resources is the foundation for the rational use of land resources and urban planning. On the basis of the geological conditions used by preceding researchers, this study adds the analysis of two influencing factors of social and economic value, alongside existing facilities and protection needs. The evaluation index is quantified and the comprehensive quality evaluation system of underground space resources is constructed. Finally, taking the Nanshan District of Shenzhen as an example, the evaluation of underground space resources is carried out. The results show that for shallow underground space, the comprehensive quality of underground space resources development in Nanshan District is generally high. Nantou, Nanshan and Yuehai streets are recommended as areas to actively develop underground space, whereas the Qianhai and Houhai areas are recommended to be used with caution in the development and construction of their underground space. In addition, this study also provides a reference for the purposes of underground space planning in the Nanshan district of Shenzhen.
Genome‐wide association study of growth traits and validation of key mutations (MSTN c.C861T) associated with the muscle mass of meat pigeons
Authors: Hou Haobin , Wang Xiaoliang , Li Xin , Cai Xia , Tu Yingying , Yang Changsuo , Yao Junfeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSelective breeding of meat pigeons is primarily based on growth traits, especially muscle mass (MM). Identification of functional genes and molecular markers of growth and slaughter traits through a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) will help to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and provide a theoretical basis for the selective breeding of meat pigeons. The phenotypic data of body weight (BW) and body size (BS) of 556 meat pigeons at 52 and 80 weeks of age were collected. In total, 160 434 high‐quality single nucleotide polymorphism sites were obtained by restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing. The GWAS analysis revealed that MSTN, IGF2BP3 and NCAPG/LCORL were important candidate genes affecting the growth traits of meat pigeons. IGF2BP3 and NCAPG/LCORL were highly correlated to BW and BS, which are related to overall growth and development, while MSTN was associated with pectoral thickness and BW. Phenotypic association validation with the use of two meat pigeon populations found that the MSTN mutation c.C861T determines the MM. These results provide new insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic variations of growth traits and MM in commercial meat pigeons. The identified markers and genes provide a theoretical basis for the selective breeding of meat pigeons.
Epidemiological and clinical evolution of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children throughout the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic in a tertiary Italian children's hospital
Authors: Bellini Tommaso , Brisca Giacomo , Mariani Marcello , Caorsi Roberta , Bustaffa Marta , Drago Enrico , Strati Marina Francesca , Piccotti Emanuela , Moscatelli Andrea , Gattorno Marco , Castagnola Elio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) is a potentially life‐threatening disease temporally linked to SARS‐CoV‐2 whose incidence and clinical presentation may have been altered by the different SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and by vaccination.MethodsWe retrospectively collected the data of all MIS‐C cases admitted to the Gaslini Children's Hospital, the hub for SARS‐CoV‐2 related diseases in Liguria region, Italy, from 01 October 2020, to 30 November 2022, evaluating the ratio between MIS‐C cases and (1) COVID‐19 paediatric cases in our region, (2) emergency department admissions and (3) emergency department febrile patients. We also compared MIS‐C incidence in pre‐ post‐vaccination periods.ResultsWe observed a significant global decline in the incidence of MIS‐Cover the four variant periods and after the starting of vaccination whereas clinical features, therapeutic management and severity did not significantly vary.ConclusionsIn our setting, we demonstrated a significant decrease of MIS‐C incidence according to the predominant variant and including not vaccinated children. Regardless of variant type, the patients showed similar phenotypes and severity throughout the pandemic. SARS‐CoV‐2 variants as well as immune protection after previous infections and/or vaccination may have interacted by playing different roles and reducing the incidence of MIS‐C.
Sperm mitochondria dysfunction in response to testicular cancer
Authors: Qasemi Maryam , Sur Vishma Pratap , Simonik Ondrej , Postlerova Pavla , Skrobanek Pavel , Hradec Tomas , Boublikova Ludmila , Zamecnik Libor , Buchler Tomas , Neuzil Jiri , Komrskova Katerina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTesticular cancer is the most common form of cancer in young men of reproductive age and its incidence is increasing globally. With the currently successful treatment and 95% survival rate, there is a need for deeper understanding of testicular cancer‐related infertility. Most patients with testicular cancer experience semen abnormalities prior to cancer therapy. However, the exact mechanism of the effect of testicular cancer on sperm anomalies is not known. Mitochondria are organelles that play a crucial role in both tumorigenesis and spermatogenesis and their malfunction may be an important factor resulting in sperm abnormalities in testicular cancer patients. Within the scope of this review, we will discuss current knowledge of testicular cancer‐related alterations in the ATP production pathway, a possible pathophysiological switch from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis, as well as the role of oxidative stress promoting sperm dysfunction. In this regard, the review provides a summary of the impact of testicular cancer on sperm quality as a possible consequence of impaired mitochondrial function including the energy metabolic pathways that are known to be altered in the sperm of testicular cancer patients.
The effect of patch distance, matrix type and experience on habitat perception and flight speed of two species of Heliconius butterflies
Authors: Cardoso Márcio Zikán , de Morais Vanessa Rodrigues , Falcão Tanágara Irina , Sun Zheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The perceptual range of an organism is the distance at which landscape elements are recognised by it. Estimates of this sensory trait are relevant to understand how organisms recognise suitable habitat within fragmented landscapes.
We investigated how the nature of inhospitable environments (matrix) neighbouring a forest patch and adult experience (lab‐raised naïve vs. free‐flying experienced adults) affect the perceptual range and flight speed of the forest butterfly species Heliconius erato and Heliconius melpomene.
In field experiments, butterflies were released at various distances from the edge of the habitat patch. Flight orientation and speed were evaluated. In one experiment, wild‐caught individuals of H. erato and H. melpomene were released in two matrix types, a coconut plantation and an open field. In a subsequent experiment, lab‐raised naïve H. erato was released at the same site.
Release distance was the best predictor of butterfly behaviour for the two species. Individuals released up to 60 m successfully oriented towards the habitat patch, indicating a perceptual range below 100 m. Flight speed was higher the closer a butterfly was released to the edge. Matrix type did not affect butterfly orientation within its perceptual range distance. We did not find a significant effect of experience on butterfly orientation.
Our study shows that the perceptual distance of Heliconius is within the range of known estimates from other butterfly species. Within this range, and irrespective of matrix type and experience, individuals were capable of orienting towards their preferred habitat and at flight speeds that were related to the distance of release.
Uncovering widespread Anthropocene dietary shifts in Chinese large mammalian herbivores
Authors: Yang Yangheshan , Zhao Yuhao , Stidham Thomas A. , Liu Xiangxu , Zhu Xichao , Li Bicheng , Zhang Lixun , Ni Xijun , Si Xingfeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Anthropocene's human‐dominated habitat expansion endangers global biodiversity. However, large mammalian herbivores experienced few extinctions during the 20th century, hinting at potentially overlooked ecological responses of a group sensitive to global change. Using dental microwear as a proxy, we studied large herbivore dietary niches over a century across mainland China before (1880s–1910s) and after (1970s–1990s) the human population explosion. We uncovered widespread and significant shifts (interspecific microwear differences increased and intraspecific microwear dispersion expanded) within dietary niches linked to geographical areas with rapid industrialization and population growth in eastern China. By contrast, in western China, where human population growth was slower, we found no indications of shifts in herbivore dietary niches. Further regression analysis links the intensity of microwear changes to human land‐use expansion. These analyses highlight dietary adjustments of large herbivores as a likely key factor in their adaptation across a century of large‐scale human‐driven changes.
Lesioned hemisphere‐specific phenotypes of post‐stroke fatigue emerge from motor and mood characteristics in chronic stroke
Authors: De Doncker William , Kuppuswamy Annapoorna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and purposePost‐stroke fatigue commonly presents alongside several comorbidities. The interaction between comorbidities and their relationship to fatigue is not known. In this study, we focus on physical and mood comorbidities, alongside lesion characteristics. We predict the emergence of distinct fatigue phenotypes with distinguishable physical and mood characteristics.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional observational study, in 94 first time, non‐depressed, moderate to minimally impaired chronic stroke survivors, the relationship between measures of motor function (grip strength, nine‐hole peg test time), motor cortical excitability (resting motor threshold), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale‐7 (FSS‐7) scores, age, gender and side of stroke was established using Spearman's rank correlation. Mood and motor variables were then entered into a k‐means clustering algorithm to identify the number of unique clusters, if any. Post hoc pairwise comparisons followed by corrections for multiple comparisons were performed to characterize differences among clusters in the variables included in k‐means clustering.ResultsClustering analysis revealed a four‐cluster model to be the best model (average silhouette score of 0.311). There was no significant difference in FSS‐7 scores among the four high‐fatigue clusters. Two clusters consisted of only left‐hemisphere strokes, and the remaining two were exclusively right‐hemisphere strokes. Factors that differentiated hemisphere‐specific clusters were the level of depressive symptoms and anxiety. Motor characteristics distinguished the low‐depressive left‐hemisphere from the right‐hemisphere clusters.ConclusionThe significant differences in side of stroke and the differential relationship between mood and motor function in the four clusters reveal the heterogenous nature of post‐stroke fatigue, which is amenable to categorization. Such categorization is critical to an understanding of the interactions between post‐stroke fatigue and its presenting comorbid deficits, with significant implications for the development of context‐/category‐specific interventions.
Fenfluramine below the age of 2 years in Dravet syndrome: What about safety and efficacy?
Authors: Pietrafusa Nicola , Trivisano Marina , Casellato Susanna , Correale Cinzia , Cappelletti Simona , De Liso Paola , Onida Ilaria , Sotgiu Stefano , Butera Ambra , Specchio Nicola , Vigevano Federico 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDravet syndrome (DS) is a rare developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Infants with DS are especially vulnerable to the detrimental effects of prolonged and frequent seizures on development. Fenfluramine (FFA) is approved for the treatment of DS in patients aged 2 years and older. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of FFA in patients with DS younger than 2 years. We analyzed safety, tolerability, seizure, and neuropsychological outcome in a real‐world setting. Developmental profile was investigated using Griffiths Mental Development Scales (GMDS). Five patients received FFA at a mean age of 14.9 months (9.6–18.6). Median follow‐up was 13 months (interquartile range [IQR] = 12.9–24.4). All patients showed good tolerance to FFA. No significant variation of body mass index or echocardiographic issue was observed. Monthly median convulsive seizure frequency (MCSF) was 1.71 (IQR = 1.56–3.27) at the 6‐month baseline period and .92 (IQR = .43–1.28) at last follow‐up, with a median 54.43 (IQR = 40.91–60.83) percentage reduction in MCSF. Two of five patients had a performance improvement on GMDS subscales. Overall, the use of FFA below the age of 2 years in our small sample of patients was safe and represents a promising opportunity for seizure control and for protection of the neurodevelopmental outcome.
Recent trends and advances in machine learning challenges and applications for industry 4.0
Authors: Rodriguez‐Fernandez Victor , Camacho David 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis editorial summarizes and analyzes 17 articles selected for a special issue on machine learning advances for Industry 4.0 applications. The diverse articles cover fault detection, deep learning optimisation, IoT networking, vehicle control, recommendation systems and domain knowledge integration. Key methods represented include neural networks, deep learning, reinforcement learning and explainable AI. Real‐world industrial case studies showcase machine learning's versatility in enabling intelligent automation, control, and decision‐making across manufacturing, healthcare, transportation and other sectors. While highlighting theoretical innovations, the contributions also demonstrate machine learning's transformative potential for intelligent, connected, self‐optimising next generation production systems. This editorial concisely overviews the latest trends represented in this special issue.