bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air-Pinch PWM Valve to Regulate Flow Rate of Hollow-Cone Nozzles for Variable-Rate Sprayers
Authors: Campos Javier , Zhu Heping , Jeon Hongyoung , Salcedo Ramón , Ozkan Erdal , Roman Carla , Gil Emilio 
Published: October 2023

Highlights

Air-pinch PWM valve was investigated as an alternative to electric PWM valves to manipulate hollow-cone nozzles.

Air-pinch and electric PWM valves performed comparable accuracy in flow rate modulations.

Droplet sizes from hollow-cone nozzles with both PWM valves were comparable across DUCs ranging from 20% to 100%.

Air-pinch PWM valve had great potential of use due to its capacity to isolate the internal parts of the valve from chemicals.

Abstract. Electric pulse width modulation (PWM) solenoid valves are commonly used to regulate nozzle flow rates to achieve precision variable-rate spray applications. However, some pesticide formulations, such as wettable powders and adhesive additives, can potentially cause a malfunction such that the valve cannot completely shut off during flow rate modulation if spray lines are not cleaned thoroughly after spray applications. An air-pinch PWM valve was evaluated as a potential alternative to conventional PWM valves to modulate the flow rates of hollow-cone nozzles used on air-assisted orchard sprayers. With the air-pinch valve, spray mixtures only passed through a flexible tube to avoid chemicals directly contacting the moving components inside the valve chamber. The flow rate modulation was performed by pinching and releasing the tube back and forth with air-pilot PWM actions. Evaluations included the flow rate modulation capability along with droplet size distributions from three disc-core hollow-cone nozzles coupled with the PWM pinch valve and compared with a conventional electric PWM valve. Both air-pinch and electric PWM valves performed comparably in the flow rate modulation accuracy and droplet size distribution for hollow-cone nozzles operated at 414 and 827 kPa pressures across the duty cycles (DUCs) ranging from 10% to 100%, except for the air-pinch valve that could not activate at 10% DUC. The flow rates of nozzles modulated with both PWM valves at all DUCs were 5.3% greater on average than the target flow rates, while the flow rates were similar at 90% and 100% DUCs. Droplet size classifications based on ASABE Standard S-572.3 were generally consistent across DUCs ranging from 20% to 100% for the same nozzle and pressure with the air-pinch PWM valve and from 10% to 100% with the conventional electric PWM valve. The consistency of droplet sizes across DUCs and accuracy of flow rate modulations demonstrated the potential advantage of using the air-pinch PWM solenoid valve as an alternative for precision variable-rate sprayers to accurately apply different chemicals. Keywords: Droplet size, Flow rate control, Pesticide, Pinch valve, Precision farming, Pulse width modulation.
Acceptability of using the medication monitor and experience of a differentiated care approach for TB treatment adherence among people living with TB in South Africa
Authors: Mukora Rachel , Ahumah Barack , Maraba Noriah , Orrell Catherine , Jennings Lauren , Naidoo Pren , Fielding Katherine L. , Velen Kavindhran , Charalambous Salome , Chetty-Makkan Candice M. 
Published: October 2023

Background
The introduction of digital adherence technologies (DATs) such as medication monitors in tuberculosis (TB) programmes supports treatment adherence among people with tuberculosis (PWTB). We evaluated the acceptability of using medication monitors (Wisepill evriMED) prompting a stepwise differentiated care approach (DCA), involving short message service (SMS), phone calls, home visits and motivational counselling, among PWTB in South Africa.

Methods
We conducted 62 in-depth interviews with participants in local languages across three provinces (January—October 2020), purposively selected by treatment month, adherence history and gender. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated. Using a deductive approach and the Theoretical Framework for Acceptability (TFA), we explored acceptability across the sample attributes.

Results
PWTB across adherence histories showed a positive attitude to using the evriMED device and receiving the DCA support. PWTB described the SMS reminders and phone calls as effective reminders, though home visits were less acceptable, due to perceived stigma. Despite willingness to participate in the intervention, the large size of the monitor and sound of the alarm drew attention, potentially causing embarrassment and stigma. Due to perceived stigma, some PWTB adapted the intervention by leaving the monitor at home after removing the pills to ensure that someone else tracked usage, while the PWTB used alternative reminders such as cell phones to take their medication.

Conclusion
Although PWTB showed a positive attitude towards the intervention, perceived stigma contributed to participants adapting their lifestyle to meet treatment adherence requirements without using the monitor. However, the medication monitor was a tool that seemed to prompt this personal change in behaviour. Achieving people-centered TB care, including the introduction of DATs, will require that TB programmes incorporate PWTB insights to maximize their use and effectiveness.
IL-6 serum level, ARDS, and AKI as risk factors for the COVID-19 infection’s mortality in children
Authors: Ganda Idham Jaya , Putri Try Kartika Eka , Rauf Syarifuddin , Laompo Amiruddin , Pelupessy Ninny Meutia , Lawang Sitti Aizah , Ridha Nadirah Rasyid , Fikri Bahrul , Massi Muhammad Nasrum 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Dysregulated immune responses are developed in Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels are reflecting the severity of the clinical presentation. This study aimed to analyze IL-6 serum level, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) as risk factors for mortality in children with COVID-19.

Methods
This prospective cohort study was conducted on children with COVID-19 infection confirmed by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) who were admitted to infection center at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from September 2021 to September 2022. Subjects were selected using the consecutive sampling method.

Results
A total of 2,060 COVID-19 RT-PCR tests were performed, and 1,065 children were confirmed positive. There were 291 cases that met the inclusion criteria, with 28.52 percent non-survives and 71.48% survives. The risk factors for mortality were IL-6, ARDS, AKI, Prothrombin Time / Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (PT/aPTT), oxygen saturation, Absolut lymphocyte count (ALC), leukocytes, Length of Stay (LOS), and nutritional status (p<0.05). IL-6 levels increased in all patients (23.48–252.58 pq/ml). COVID-19 patients with AKI, ARDS, low oxygen saturation and thrombocytopenia had the highest levels of IL-6 (p 0.05). The IL-6 cut-off point was >80.97 pg/ml with 93% sensitivity and 90% specificity. Area Under Curve was 0.981 (95% CI), 0.960–1.000). A multivariate analysis showed IL-6 levels with OR 18.570 (95% CI 5.320–64.803), ARDS with Odds Ratio (OR) 10.177, (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.310–9.040), and AKI with OR 3.220 (95% CI 1.070–10.362). A combination of increased IL-6, ARDS, and AKI can predict a mortality probability as high as 98.3%.

Conclusion
IL-6, ARDS, and AKI are risk factors for mortality in children with COVID-19. IL-6 level was the highest mortality risk factor.
Optimal auxiliary function method for analyzing nonlinear system of coupled Schrödinger–KdV equation with Caputo operator
Authors: Alshehry Azzh Saad , Yasmin Humaira , Ganie Abdul Hamid , Ahmad Muhammad Wakeel , Shah Rasool 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The optimal auxiliary function method (OAFM) is introduced and used in the analysis of a nonlinear system containing coupled Schrödinger–KdV equations, all within the framework of the Caputo operator. The OAFM, known for its efficiency in solving nonlinear issues, is used to obtain approximate solutions for the coupled equations’ complicated dynamics. Numerical and graphical assessments prove the suggested method’s correctness and efficiency. This study contributes to the understanding and analysis of coupled Schrödinger–KdV equations and their many applications by providing insights into the behavior of nonlinear systems within mathematical physics.
Fogyatékossággal élő és megváltozott munkaképességű csoportok a munka világában - felnőttképzési nézőpontból
Authors: Kraiciné Szokoly Mária 
Published: October 2023

Napjainkban a hátrányos helyzetű, alulképzett társadalmi csoportok képzés útján történő felzárkóztatása, foglalkoztatottságának növelése mind társadalmi, mind gazdasági szempontból aktuális és fontos feladat. Ez egyaránt kihívást jelent a szakképzés, a felnőttképzés és a munkaerőhiánnyal küzdő gazdasági szervezetek számára. A tanulmány a munkaerőpiacon hátrányban lévő csoportok közül a fogyatékossággal élő és a megváltozott munkaképességű személyek munkaerőpiaci helyzetével foglalkozik felnőttképzési aspektusból.
Az alul-foglalkoztatottságnak a szakképzettség hiányán túl számos oka van (alacsony információhiány, diszkrimináció, inkluzív, akadálymentesített munkahelyek hiánya stb.). További ok az a sajátos jelenség, hogy fogyatékossággal élő és megváltozott munkaképességű személyek esetén nem igaz a többségi társadalom tagjaira az a kutatásokkal igazolt tény, hogy minél magasabb a munkavállaló iskolai végzettsége, szakképzettsége, annál valószínűbb a munkaerőpiaci sikeressége.
A tanulmány célja - egy későbbi nagyobb mintájú kutatás előkészítéseként - tisztázni a főbb fogalmakat, továbbá pilot jellegű vizsgálat révén informálódni az érintettek foglalkoztatásának (toborzás és kiválasztás, képzés és a karrierépítés) esélyegyelőségi kérdéseiről. A vizsgálat módszere félig strukturált interjú, a célcsoport egyrészt fogyatékossággal élő személyeket képviselő civil szervezetek vezetői, másrészt a munkaerőpiacon IT szolgáltatásokat nyújtó cégek vezetői. A két mesterszakos hallgató bevonásával készült interjúkutatás bővíti a fogyatékossággal élő személyek munkaerőpiaci helyzetének ismeretét és konkrét javaslatokkal segíti munkaerőpiaci helyzetük javítását.
A „jövő társadalmának” építői: Szocialista iskola és gyermekideál Magyarországon a 60-70-es években
Authors: K. Farkas Claudia 
Published: October 2023

A gyermeki világ és múlt, a gyermekről való gondolkozás problematikája mára a neveléstörténet integráns része. A gyermekkortörténet tudománya felöleli a gyermekekkel kapcsolatos meggyőződéseket, hiteket, továbbá a nevelésükről és a szocializációjukról szóló tárgykört.
A második világháború utáni kétpólusú világrendben Magyarország a Szovjetunió szatellitállamaként, a szovjet minta alapján az ún. szocialista társadalom építésébe kezdett. A tanulmány célja, hogy hozzájáruljon az ún. szocialista korszak magyarországi nevelés- és gyermekkortörténetének bővítéséhez. Az írás a 60-70-es évek ún. szocialista gyermekideáljának megjelenítésére és elemzésére összpontosít, elhelyezve a korszak iskolaügyében. A vizsgálódási periódust indokolttá teszi, hogy kevéssé feltérképezett. A vizsgálat primer forrásokra és szekunder bázisra épül, metodológiai szempontból kvalitatív szemléletű, deduktív megközelítésű, feltáró és magyarázó jellegű, teoretikus és szintetizáló perspektívájú, a dokumentumelemzés módszerét alkalmazza.
Megállapítást nyert, hogy a szocializmus építésének korszaka szignifikánsan befolyásolta a gyermeki létet, a gyermekkorral kapcsolatos elgondolásokat, a gyermekeszményt a politikai hatások festették újra. A tanulmány bővíti a gyermekkortörténet értelmezési kereteit, ismerteti a szocialista pedagógia gyermekeszmény értelmezését, következtetéseivel hozzájárul a szocialista korszak pedagógiájáról meglévő tudás növeléséhez.
Állami Műszaki Főiskola 1947-51
Authors: Pethő László 
Published: October 2023

A tanulmány egy felzárkóztató program keretében létrejött felnőttképzési kezdeményezés történetét vázolja és hatását elemzi. A második világháború után megalakult főiskola a gazdaság konkrét igényei alapján alakult meg. Lérejöttét a szakszervezetek kezdeményezték, a kormány biztosította a főiskola működésének finanszírozását. Az újonnan létrejött intézmény vállalta, hogy a felmerült igényekre reagálva nagyszámú mérnököt képez. A tanulmány követi a főiskola alapítását, bemutatja működését, vezetőit és tanárait, akiknek többsége pályakezdő oktató volt. Kiválasztásuk során igyekeztek eleget tenni a minőségbiztosítás feltételeinek, lényegesnek tartották, hogy komoly gyakorlati tapasztalattal rendelkezzenek. A szerző bemutatja a kiszemelt hallgatók toborzását, akiket főleg tanulni kívánó gyári alkalmazottakból és munkásokból választottak ki. A dolgozat írója külön kitér a főiskola programjában alkalmazott felnőttképzési módszerek alkalmazására. Kiemeli az instrutorok közreműködését, akik konzulensként és tanulást támogató személyként segítették a hallgatók tanulását. Végül konkrét példák bemutatásával áttekinti a felzárkóztató program mérlegét, és a végzett hallgatók karrierjének alakulását. Elemzése során említést tesz a kudarcokról, és vázolja a munka melletti tanulás speciális problémáit.
Evaluation of Physiological Parameters During Recovery in Children Treated Under General Anesthesia - A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shreenidhi S , Govindaraju Lavanya 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: General anesthesia is used predolminantly in pediatric dentistry. However, certain concerns over evaluating physiological parameters in children after postoperative dental treatment after under-recovery of general anesthesia still remain a concern Aim: The current study aim is to evaluate the physiological parameters during postoperative treatment on children treated over general anesthesia. Materials and methods: Children under the age group of 1-12 years were included in the study. The data of physiological parameters which include, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate were taken into the study from the DIAS record and were analyzed using SPSS software. Results:
The results show that the mean value of systolic heart pressure is 74.06, diastolic blood pressure is 37.52 and the average mean pulse rate is 131. Conclusion: The study concludes that all the physiological parameters were within the normal range during recovery in children who underwent dental treatment under general anesthesia.
Exploring Community Participation in Prevention and Care of Tuberculosis from Patients’, Healthcare Providers’ and Community Member’s Perspective, In Wolayta Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia. A Qualitative Study
Authors: Wada Abraham , Baxi Rejendera 
Published: October 2023

Background: In developing countries, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality. To reduce the loss of lives and economical burden that TB poses up on citizens, early case detection and successful treatment of infected cases are very essential mainly with active community participation in prevention and care of TB. This study was aimed to explore community participation in prevention and care of TB in Wolayta Zone of SNNPR, Ethiopia. Method: Descriptive phenomenological research methodology was employed in the study. A total 24 participants were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Participants in the study were from various sections of society. Of these, 14 were TB patients on TB treatment and former TB patients who were recovered, 8 were health professionals and 2 were Key Informants which were selected from the community to provide key information. Data were gathered through focus groups and in-depth interviews. Using the Open Code and Colaizi 7 steps of descriptive phenomenological method data analysis was used. Interviews were audio recorded, verbatim transcribed, translated, and exhaustive description was written. Results: Community participation in prevention and care of TB in study area was high. Preventive participation and supportive participations were identified and these participations have their own goals in TB prevention and care. Preventive participation has focused on early case finding strategies like referring the suspect cases for TB diagnosis and contact tracing. Supportive participation has focused on treatment success such physical, economical, psychological and social supports which increase the patients adherence to treatment and as result increases treatment success rate. Conclusion. Our study revealed highto moderate community participation in tuberculosis prevention and care in the the study area. The finding is that the TB prevention and care strategy for eliminating TB will be operationally effective. In cumulative effect, the region might be able to meet the WHO's recommendations for the community TB prevention and care plan, which call for case notification of more than 70% and an 85% success rate for treatment and all seek to eliminating TB by 2030. Therefore, the study emphasizes the necessity for effective communication to be established between community and the health institutions. To further raise TB notification and treatment success rates, all feasible methods of utilizing community participation in TB care are advised.
Transformation of Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Kenyan Coastal Region: Traditional Healing, Witchcraft and Witch Hunts in a Contemporary Context
Authors: Lukaszewicz Aleksandra 
Published: October 2023

The intangible heritage of Coastal Kenya pertains in great part to the Mijikenda people and consists of ceremonies, rituals, beliefs, forms of healing, prayer, and adjudication of disputes, which are subject to various cultural and religious factors that affect their perception and transform them. The younger generation’s perception of them, influenced by modern life’s technologized approach to culture, hugely contributes to such transformations. As a result, cultural roots fall into oblivion, which sometimes has dramatic effects, for example, the abandonment of witch hutching, paradoxically causing negative social effects. Not following traditional practices is not equal to disbelief in witches. Therefore, it often occurs that someone is accused of witchcraft to kill them without any possibility of reconciliation with the community, because the rejection of traditional practices causes the lack of any remediation for an instance of witchcraft, and elicits the easiest solution: the death of the accused. Such events happen to be combined with economic reasons, like the desire of some members of the youngest generation to sell the family land or even the sacred forest, in the care of the elders, who are then usually the ones accused as witches. This kind of cultural knot, appearing in the last 150 years due to interference of various cultures and religions, especially Christianity, requires careful consideration, also given the importance of interfaith dialogue, supported by the Coast Interfaith Council of Clerics Trust (CICC), among others. This investigation on transformation of cultural practices in Coastal Kenya is based on in-depth interviews with representatives of Malidni District Cultural Association (MADCA), field research and conversations with elders, and a review of research materials provided by the National Museums of Kenya Library in Malindi, and the Pwani University Library in Kilifi, Kenya.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ЗБИТКОВИХ LDPC КОДІВ В СТАНДАРТІ LORAWAN
Authors: Погасій Сергій 
Published: October 2023

В умовах зростання технологій Інтернет-речей, актуальною проблемою стає забезпечення безпеки інформації. Визначено, що найбільш перспективною бездротовою мережею зв'язку для Інтернету речей (IoT) на даний час є LoRaWAN. Однак пропрієтарна технологія модуляції та шифрування LoRa, "закрита" патентом Semetech, що приводить до кіберінцидентів з вилучення ключів із пристрою за допомогою реверс-інжинірингу; зламування мережі за допомогою облікових даних за замовчуванням або через вразливість та викрадення ключів із сервера. В якості засобу вдосконалення існуючого алгоритму пропонується інтеграція у існуючу апаратну частину ІоТ пристрою додаткового мікроконтролеру (засіб криптографічного захисту інформації) з вбудованими алгоритмами крипто-кодових конструкцій Мак-Еліса та Нідеррейтера на модифікованих LDPC кодах в для посилення алгоритмів шифрування технології LoRaWAN що застосовуються при передачі даних в середині мережі та для забезпечення безпеки зовнішнього контуру пропонується використовувати розроблений сервер, який фізично розміщується у місці де буде знаходитися шлюз з виходом до зовнішнього каналу зв’язку мережі інтернет.
LEXICAL MEANS OF EXPRESSING VERBAL AGGRESSION IN SOCIAL NETWORKS (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF COMMENTS ON FACEBOOK AND TWITTER ON THE PAGES OF P. POROSHENKO AND V. ZELENSKY)
Authors: Zavalska L. V. 
Published: October 2023

The article characterizes the lexical means of realizing the conflictual communicative behavior of social network users. The network comments presented on the official pages of Ukrainian politicians - the current President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyi and the previous President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko - in the Facebook and Twitter social networks were considered. The concept of verbal aggression is defined as a means of implementing conflictual communicative behavior. The genre specificity of comments in social networks is outlined and the peculiarities of their functioning are determined. Lexical units, which are verbal markers of aggressive behavior of commentators in social networks, were analyzed.
The purpose of the study is to identify the main lexical means of implementing verbal aggression in the political discourse of social networks. The object of analysis is the conflictual communicative behavior of social network users; the subject of the study is the verbal aggression of commentators on the official pages of Ukrainian politicians.
The material for analysis was comments on posts on the official pages of Ukrainian politicians Volodymyr Zelenskyi and Petro Poroshenko on Facebook and Twitter for the year 2023. In total, more than 2,000 comments were analyzed. The lexical means of expressing verbal aggression were analyzed based on the material of those comments that characterize politicians, rather than direct communicators – supporters of one of the Ukrainian presidents. It has been proven that the main means of representing verbal aggression in comments to the posts of Ukrainian politicians on Facebook and Twitter are anthroponyms, stylistically reduced vocabulary, invectives, jargonisms and reminiscences and quotes of politicians’ speeches.