bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a College-Based Intervention to Increase Physical Activity and Decrease Screen Time Among Pakistani Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Roy Nadeem , Tanveer Moazzam , Ardigò Luca Paolo , Badicu Georgian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The increasing prevalence of physical inactivity and excessive screen time among college students poses significant health risks, including obesity and related diseases. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a 12-week multilevel intervention designed to enhance physical activity and reduce screen time among Pakistani college students aged 18–25.
Objective
This study aimed to assess the impact of a structured intervention incorporating physical education improvements, extracurricular activities, and family engagement on the physical activity levels and screen time of Pakistani college students.
Methods
Employing a randomized controlled trial design, this research was conducted in eight public colleges in Lahore, Punjab. Cluster sampling was utilized to form two groups: an intervention group (n = 980) and a control group (n = 1,020). Pre- and post-test surveys, along with anthropometric measurements, were employed to evaluate changes in physical activity, screen time, and weight status, using BMI as a measure of overweight and obesity.
Results
At baseline, both groups exhibited similar demographic characteristics and physical activity levels. Post-intervention results showed a significant increase in physical activity in the intervention group, with 75% engaging in physical activity more than twice a week compared to 30% pre-intervention (p < 0.001). Conversely, the control group maintained high levels of inactivity, with 73% reporting less than twice a week of physical activity. Screen time decreased significantly in the intervention group (p < 0.001), alongside notable reductions in BMI and waist circumference.
Conclusion
The multilevel intervention effectively increased physical activity and reduced screen time among Pakistani college students. These findings underscore the importance of implementing structured, supportive interventions in educational settings to foster healthier lifestyles among young adults. Further research is warranted to explore long-term sustainability and scalability of such interventions across diverse populations.
Virtual Physical Therapist System Using Full-Chain Patient Data — Focusing on Rehabilitation of Orthopedic Lower Limb Postoperative
Authors: Chen Yuze , Liu Ruotao , Zhang Changqing , Xue Bingsen , Yuan Yizhe , Wang Chengxiang , Wang Ruoxi , Zu Weitao , Jiao Rushi , Fang Xin , Liu Shuyu , Liu Fang , Ma Xin , Zheng Xianyou , Zhang Jinshan , Zheng Yongqiang , Wei Hongjiang , Zhang Zhiyong , Zhang Ya , Wang Yanfeng , Huang Qiu , Zhu Zhenzhong , Jin Cheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Personalized weight-bearing rehabilitation is crucial for orthopedic lower limb postoperative patients with different health backgrounds. However, physical therapists are in significant shortage, and the effectiveness of one-size-fits-all rehabilitation plans varies greatly. Here, using full-chain data from hospitalization to rehabilitation of over 1,200 patients across 25 medical institutions, a comprehensive AI-driven rehabilitation system was proposed as a Virtual Physical Therapist (VPT). The system achieves automatic formulation of overall rehabilitation plans at discharge (Multimodal Rehabilitation Schedule Network) and real-time dynamic interventions during the rehabilitation process (InsFormer). Multi-center validation showed that over 95% of patients achieved reasonable weight-bearing training in the appropriate rehabilitation period. Mean absolute error (MAE) of recovery time prediction is 0.8 week. Specifically, it showed superior rehabilitation outcomes for some patients with underlying diseases or the elderly, surpassing the diagnostic level of senior physicians. This generative AI approach adapts to changes in patients’ physical function and specific rehabilitation feedback, shortening recovery time, improving rehabilitation outcomes, and opening up new pathways for intelligent rehabilitation paradigms.
Health status assessment of tropical trees in Malay beechwood (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) plantation using electrical resistivity method and electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Olaoye Kayode , Agbo-Adediran Adewale , Wang Xiping , Soge Ayodele O. , Abodunrin Kolawole , Adenuga Denis , Ayankoso Samuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the tree health status of a Malay beechwood (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) plantation using the non-destructive four-point electrical resistivity method and electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Twenty standing G. arboreatrees (T1-T20) of different stem diameters were selected for evaluation. The electrical resistivities of the sampled trees were measured with varying current penetration and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and correlation analysis. EIT tomograms were generated for three trees to corroborate the electrical resistivity findings. Subsequently, the trees were felled to inspect internal decay visually. Healthy trees exhibited a consistent pattern of increasing electrical resistivity from sapwood to heartwood, ranging between 58 Ωm and 1797 Ωm, while unhealthy trees, T1 and T6 were characterized by irregular electrical resistivity patterns with exorbitant mean values of 193,508 Ωm and 5,542 Ωm, respectively. Also, we found a negative significant correlation between stem diameters and electrical resistivity at the core stem. The ANOVA and follow-up test showed significant variability in the mean electrical resistivity of healthy trees. Trees T3 and T8, which exhibited lower mean electrical resistivity values of 157 Ωm and 183 Ωm, respectively, were determined to be healthier. The EIT tomograms and cross-sectional analyses of the felled trees corroborated the results obtained from the four-point electrical resistivity method.
Direct measurement of Two-Photon Absorption and Refraction properties of SZ2080™-based resists at 515 nm: insights into 3D printing
Authors: Stavrou Michalis , LADIKA DIMITRA , SKLIUTAS EDVINAS , JUKNA VYTAUTAS , GRAY DAVID , FARSARI MARIA , JUODKAZIS SAULIUS , MALINAUSKAS MANGIRDAS 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The two-photon absorption (TPA) and non-linear refraction coefficients β and n2 of SZ2080TM resist with the photo-initiators (PI) IRG369 and BIS (Irgacure 369 and 4,4' bis(diethylamino)-benzophenone or Michler’s ketone) are determined using the Z-scan method at a wavelength of 515 nm. The nonlinear response of the host polymer is shown to have a considerable contribution to energy deposition despite the addition of the PI, as the host polymer makes up the majority of 99% in the solution. TPA cross section σ = 5.7 ± 0.4 GM (1GM = 10-50 cm4sphoton-1) for pure SZ2080ΤΜ, 40 GM for IRG and 87 GM for BIS at 515 nm. The positive n2 = (85.3 ± 6) × 10-5 cm2/TW for pure polymer favors self-focusing and is larger than that for PIs: 16 × 10-5 cm2/TW (IRG369) and 2.8 × 10-5 cm2/TW (BIS). Hence, the properties of the host material govern non-linear light propagation, although, in high numerical aperture focusing, the self-focusing has a negligible effect. Z-scan experiments were carried out at a low 1 kHz laser repetition rate to exclude thermal accumulation at the focal region. These findings will allow for the estimation of exact energy deposition in 3D laser printing using ultrashort laser pulses.
Entropy-based groundwater quality monitoring network design using a simulation–optimization approach by coupling genetic algorithm, MODFLOW and MT3DMS
Authors: Farshad Hasan , Shourian Mojtaba , Salehi Maryam Javan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Groundwater resources meet a substantial portion of Iran's water demands, making awareness of groundwater quality essential for effective resource management. However, direct water quality monitoring is both time-consuming and costly. This study aims to optimize the monitoring network for groundwater quality at the Eshtehard plain, Iran, to reduce operational costs while maximizing information gained. A simulation–optimization approach is developed based on entropy theory, using SWAT to simulate runoff and nitrate recharge to the aquifer. Groundwater flow and quality are further modeled with MODFLOW–MT3DMS, while a genetic algorithm (GA) in MATLAB determines the optimal configuration of monitoring wells. Runoff calibration in SWAT achieved a coefficient of determination of 0.85 and a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.81. For the groundwater model, NS values of 0.99 and 0.75 were achieved for steady-state and transient calibrations, respectively. Results indicate that 7 wells, out of 19 active monitoring wells, can provide sufficient qualitative information, allowing reduced sampling effort. To validate these findings, the fuzzy C-means clustering method was applied for comparative analysis. A joint entropy-based comparison revealed that the FCM-derived network provided less information significance than the GA-optimized network, underscoring the robustness of the proposed approach for designing efficient groundwater quality monitoring networks.
Glacier-influenced hydrological regimes in the Afghanistan Hindu Kush Himalaya under current and future climate
Authors: Shokory Jamal Abdul Naser , Horton Pascal , Schaefli Bettina , Lane Stuart N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Glaciers in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) are important freshwater resources. Glacier recession may lead to a significant decrease in summer runoff. This study focuses on Afghanistan in the western Himalayas with an arid to semi-arid climate, where, despite strong societal and ecosystem dependance upon mountain water resources, the contribution of glacier melt is poorly known. This study used a new conceptual precipitation and ice melt-runoff model to assess current and future streamflow, taking into account the effects of debris-covered ice. Three catchments with varying glacier cover are considered: Sust (4,609 km2, 15.6% glacier cover) in eastern Afghanistan; the Taqchakhana (264.4 km2 area, 2.8% glacier cover) in northern Afghanistan; and the Bamyan (325.3 km2, 0.7% glacier cover) in central Afghanistan. Results identified different annual hydrological regimes, with glacier runoff dominating Sust (76%), rain and snow runoff dominating Taqchakhana (50%), and baseflow dominating Bamyan (61%). Under RCP 2.6, glacier runoff in Sust and Taqchakhana is expected to increase until 2050, then decline as temperatures stabilize; under RCP 8.5, a more significant increase is projected, while runoff in Bamyan will decrease throughout the century. Catchments may experience a peak water phase due to both temperature effects and progressively diminishing size of glaciers.
Application of nanofiltration membrane process for the treatment of laundry wastewater
Authors: Sugali Chandra Sekhar , Sajja Chandrasekhar , G. Naga Srinivas , Sundergopal Sridhar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The present study investigated the physicochemical characteristics of laundry wastewater (LWW) collected from the CSIR-IICT Hyderabad hostel, and the operation and performance of the hydrophilized polyamide (HPA) nanofiltration membrane before and after the treatment process. The samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, hardness, calcium, chloride, and nitrate. A significant reduction in the impurities was observed for LWW including 100% color and turbidity for both membranes; 92.2% TSS, 85.5% TDS, 96.25% COD, 91% hardness, 85.5% calcium, 96.5% chloride, and 99% nitrate for HPA-100 of both runs, whereas 92% TSS, 81.2% TDS, 96.1% COD, 90.25% hardness, 81.25% calcium, 85.5% chloride, and 98.1% nitrate for HPA-250 of both runs, respectively.
Current status and views on the discharge of domestic wastewater to the environment in developing Asia
Authors: Otaki Yurina , Otaki Masahiro , Thuy Do Quyen Thi , Shibao Erina , Nagai Hiro , Tokunaga Chika 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

A sufficient water supply is important for human health; however, it results in the generation of large amounts of domestic wastewater. This study aimed to determine the impact of domestic wastewater on the surrounding environment as well as residents' opinions on the issue. Domestic wastewater consists of blackwater (toilet wastewater) and greywater (miscellaneous domestic wastewater), each of which is discharged in different ways. Blackwater was treated using a septic tank, without the required desludging, despite policy goals, owing to a lack of awareness among residents as well as structural problems. However, the targeted septic tanks efficiently removed microbiological indicators. It is assumed that the larger capacity and tropical savanna climate, with consistently high temperatures, were beneficial for the treatment process. Greywater was discharged into public waters without any treatment and caused degradation of the waterside environment. More than 70% of respondents thought there was a problem with the canal that flows close to houses; however, there was variation in the awareness. It is necessary to reduce the greywater load from each household at the source as much as possible, and this goal requires residents to have an accurate understanding of greywater emissions.
Modified sustainable water management strategy in batch process plants: a case study on reducing freshwater consumption
Authors: Jivani Jaydeep , Srinivasarao Meka , Dhanwani Anand 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Batch process industries generate substantial wastewater due to the repeated washing of process units, driving high freshwater demand. Sustainable practices are essential to minimize freshwater usage and ensure effective wastewater treatment before discharge. This study proposes an efficient wastewater management network by implementing recycling strategies to reduce freshwater consumption in equipment washing. Using a case study of a commercial pharmaceutical plant, the proposed method demonstrates a significant reduction in freshwater consumption by nearly 58% and operating costs by 57%. The approach involves integrating recycling strategies and optimizing storage tanks to handle low-contaminated wash water before discharge, resulting in a payback period of less than 3 months. In addition, strategic end-of-pipe treatment selection ensures that wastewater meets regulatory standards, reduces influent fluctuations, and facilitates optimal treatment technique selection. The findings highlight the dual benefits of environmental sustainability and economic efficiency, emphasizing the importance of innovative approaches in wastewater management. This study presents a roadmap for batch process industries to enhance resource utilization and reduce costs significantly by adopting recycling strategies, optimizing water handling, and selecting suitable treatment methods, thereby aligning with Sustainable Development Goals.
Presença de anormalidades anatômicas na eminência arqueada do osso temporal: um estudo em cadáveres
Authors: Moura Kelvin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction: the arcuate eminence (AS) is an important anatomical repair to demarcate the location of the superior semicircular canal (SSC) during surgeries with access through the middle cranial fossa. However, its use has been questioned in the literature due to its varied presentation and questionable relationship with CSS. Objective: to elucidate the topography of the arcuate eminence and observe the presence of anatomical changes and/or variations in this structure. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional study developed from the open dissection of adult cadaver heads. All anatomical measurements were performed with the aid of a digital carbon fiber caliper with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. Results: the study consisted of the analysis of 40 antimeres from 20 specimens. It was possible to identify EA in 92.5% of these pieces and no CSS dehiscence was observed in any of the pieces studied. The distance from EA to cranial vault was on average 25.66mm with a standard deviation of ± 4.6; from the EA to the internal carotid arteries was 47.12mm with a standard deviation of ± 4.2 and from the EA to the internal auditory canal the distance was 18.23mm, with a standard deviation of ± 2.6. Conclusion: EA is a structure with varied presentation, such that an individualized and detailed preoperative study is necessary for a correct and safe surgical technique. CSS dehiscence is a rare variation that requires local studies on its prevalence.
Co-Designing a Digital Brief Intervention to Reduce the Risk of Prescription Opioid–Related Harm Among People With Chronic Noncancer Pain: Qualitative Analysis of Patient Lived Experiences
Authors: Elphinston Rachel A , Pager Sue , Brown Kelly , Sterling Michele , Fatehi Farhad , Gray Paul , Hipper Linda , Cahill Lauren , Connor Jason P. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Opioid medications are important for pain management, but many patients progress to unsafe medication use. With few personalized and accessible behavioral treatment options to reduce potential opioid-related harm, new and innovative patient-centered approaches are urgently needed to fill this gap.

Objective
This study involved the first phase of co-designing a digital brief intervention to reduce the risk of opioid-related harm by investigating the lived experience of chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) in treatment-seeking patients, with a particular focus on opioid therapy experiences.

Methods
Eligible patients were those aged between 18 and 70 years with CNCP at a clinically significant level of intensity (a score of ≥4 of 10). Purposive sampling was used to engage patients on public hospital waitlists via mail or through the treating medical specialist. Participants (N=18; n=10 women; mean age 49.5 years, SD 11.50) completed semistructured telephone interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, thematically analyzed using grounded theory, and member checked by patients.

Results
Eight overarching themes were found, listed in the order of their prominence from most to least prominent: limited treatment collaboration and partnership; limited biopsychosocial understanding of pain; continued opioid use when benefits do not outweigh harms; a trial-and-error approach to opioid use; cycles of hopefulness and hopelessness; diagnostic uncertainty; significant negative impacts tied to loss; and complexity of pain and opioid use journeys.

Conclusions
The findings of this study advance progress in co-designing digital brief interventions by actively engaging patient partners in their lived experiences of chronic pain and use of prescription opioid medications. The key recommendations proposed should guide the development of personalized solutions to address the complex care needs of patients with CNCP.
Revolutionizing Civil Servant’s Work Behavior through Flexible Working Spaces: Digital Transformation &Green Practices at the Ministry of Finance
Authors: Senja Puput Yanita , Silviani Wahyu Dian , Puspita Rosana Eri 
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Main Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic forced the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia to carry out a digital transformation by employing the concept of the Flexible Working Space (FWS) to ensure its civil servants can use the Work From Anywhere (WFA) system, including the Work From Home (WFH) system. These concepts are expected to help civil servants to optimize their performance. Background Problems: FWS has been practiced for two years, but detailed information on how the civil servants’ green work behavior has helped in maintaining their performance has not been investigated. Novelty: The researchers also studied how the digital transformation has changed the working practices among civil servants at the Ministry of Finance, and do they employ more green practices now? Discussion about the civil servants' green work behavior during this digital transformation is still limited. Research Methods: This study applied a qualitative technique to analyze the data obtained from an online qualitative survey, focus group discussions (FGD), observations and docu­mentation. These research data were validated through a triangulation approach before being analyzed using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Finding/ Results: The positive aspects of the Ministry of Finance’s digital transformation, which occurred during the pandemic, are civil servants can work faster, more efficiently, more flexibly, and they are more focused, but they have less contact with other people. While the identified disadvantage is that the internet network is occasionally unstable, thus disrupting the learning and discussion processes. The civil servants at the Ministry of Finance had used several green practices before the pandemic began, such as saving water, saving electricity, and to some extent they had gone plasticless and paperless. After the pandemic happened and FWS was implemented, these practices became more prominent, producing better results compared to the results before the pandemic. The pandemic also brought other advantages, including carbon emissions reductions and time savings. Conclusion: The FWS concept in the Ministry of Finance changed the work behavior related to the digital transformation, and the green work behavior of the civil servants. This is based on the TPB which includes attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral control. Digital transformation using the FWS concept has had positive and negative impacts on the civil servants' green work behavior, and in maintaining their performance.
Neuroaccounting: Integrating Neurophysiological Techniques into Accounting and Accounting Information Systems Research
Authors: Rotaru Kristian , Rose Jacob M. , Ganbold Odkhishig , Rose Anna M. , Loveridge Jonathan , Stamatelatos Anna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
This paper is designed to enhance accounting researchers’ understanding of neurophysiological research methods. Our methodological guide presents the latest innovations in this realm, including pupillometry, facial expression analysis, electroencephalography, electrocardiography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, electrodermal activity assessment, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The paper introduces readers to uses of neurophysiological research techniques by identifying key themes in the recent AIS literature and assessing the potential value of a spectrum of neurophysiological techniques for advancing these research themes. In essence, this paper serves as a foundational guide for researchers aspiring to harness the potential of neurophysiological techniques in accounting contexts.