bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mind mapping in recalling and retrieving core contents in anesthesia technology students
Authors: Sajadi Atiyeh S. , Majd Parisa Moradi , Maroufi Shahnam Sedigh , Abolghasemi Jamileh 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:Human memory represents the ability to recall and retrieve information. Learning methods have a great impact on remembering and retrieving material. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the mind map learning method on the amount of recall and retrieval of the core contents of anesthesia technology students.MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this quasi-experimental study, 55 undergraduate students of anesthesia technology were included in the study by census method. In both groups, teaching was done in the same way (lecture method) by a single professor. The intervention group was randomly divided into six groups. After training to work with a mind map in this group, the teaching of lessons started with the lecture method, and then the mind map was drawn by the group members. In the control group, the students followed the lecture method and note-taking. Finally, three tests were taken. Test 1 (before the start of the training), test 2 (immediately after the training (scheduled test)), and test 3 (after 2 weeks (surprise test)).RESULTS:The data obtained from the test scores were analyzed by pairedt-test, independentt-test, and analysis of covariance. The analysis showed that the mind map method significantly improved the short-term (P< 0.001) and long-term memory of anesthesia technology students (P< 0.001) compared to the traditional method. Examining the effect of gender on long-term memory showed that in the intervention group, female samples had an average score of 1 more than male samples (P= 0.044).DISCUSSION:It seems that mind mapping improves short-term and long-term memory in anesthesia technology students who play a critical role in saving the lives of patients and this issue improves the quality of services in the field of health.
A study of factors affecting the length of hospital stay (LOS) of COVID-19 patients: A qualitative evidence in Iranian hospital
Authors: Zaboli Rouhollah , Bahadori Mohammadkarim , Jafari Hamid , Mousavi Seyed Masood , Bahariniya Sajjad , Mehdizadeh Parisa , Delavari Abdoreza 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
The present study aimed to identify the administrators' and physicians' experiences and viewpoints about the factors affecting the length of stay (LOS) of COVID-19 patients and provide valid operational evidence.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The current study was carried out qualitatively and phenomenologically on experts, officials, and administrators of hospitals in 2021. Purposeful sampling was performed with the maximum diversity. To achieve a comprehensive view, snowball sampling was conducted. Twenty-one experts in the field of healthcare and emerging diseases participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. The study sites were universities of medical sciences and hospitals of the Ministry of Health of Iran. The interview questions included questions about the factors affecting the LOS and strategies for controlling the LOS of COVID-19 patients in infectious units. Text analysis was performed through the content analysis method in MAXQDA-10 software.

RESULTS:
Based on the experts' viewpoints, several factors affected the LOS in COVID-19 patients. These factors were divided into five clinical, preclinical, economic, social, and management subcategories. The proposed solutions included policy solutions (supportive policies, development of home care services, training and culture building, and establishment of clinical guidelines) and operational solutions (drug management, promotion of equipment and facilities, telehealth or telemedicine services, and promotion of clinical and support processes).

CONCLUSION:
One of the main tasks of hospital administrators is identifying the factors affecting the reduction of LOS. Among these factors, clinical and management factors in the hospital are more important and need more planning and attention by hospital officials.
How public hospitals manage epidemic crises? Lessons from Iranian public hospitals
Authors: Tahmasebi Ali , Asl Iravan Masoudi , Aryankhesal Aidin , Vatankhah Soudabeh , Masoumi Gholamreza 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
The public hospital preparedness is essential for epidemic disaster like COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted to present a hospital management preparedness model of Iran's public hospitals for the epidemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The method of this study was an exploratory sequential mix method study (qualitative–quantitative). In this study, qualitative and quantitative methods were used in four stages. (1) Interviews with hospital managers to identify hospital management experiences during the COVID-19 epidemic and categorize the results in themes and subthemes, (2) assessing the performance of public hospitals in managing the coronavirus epidemic in a quantitative method, (3) present the initial hospital management model for a public hospital in epidemic conditions using an expert panel, and (4) validation of the model using the Delphi method.

RESULTS:
Experiences of hospital managers and specialists were categorized into eight themes: information gathering and environmental analysis, general and operational planning, provision of equipment and physical and financial resources, training and empowerment of human resources, a compilation of instructions and job descriptions, review and ensuring maximum readiness, monitoring and follow-up of service provision and existing problems, evaluation and feedback of performance problems and level of preparation and 51 sub-themes. The quantitative study indicated that all the investigated indicators had a significant decrease in the first month and an increase in the epidemic's continuation. The results were categorized in nine themes and 59 sub-themes, and finally, the model was validated in one round by the Delphi method.

CONCLUSION:
In Iran, managers have valuable experiences in COVID-19 epidemy management, but these experiences are scattered and not organized. In this study, by a qualitative–quantitative, a model was presented that contains essential points obtained from the experience of hospital managers and experts in actual disaster conditions and is appropriate and fits hospital structure and infrastructure of the health system in Iran.
Single Anesthesia ERCP and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Management of Common Bile Duct Stones
Authors: Tarway N. K. , Sharma S. P. , Gupta Tarun , Kanyal V. S. , Kumar Brajesh , Nair R. K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Management of choledocho-cholelithiasis requires a multi-disciplinary approach. It involves clearance of common bile duct stones (CBDS) on the one hand and addressing gallstone disease (GSD) on the other hand. With technological advancements and growing expertise in the fields of endoscopy and laparoscopy, endoscopic retrograde (or radiological) cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and laparoscopy cholecystectomy (LC) have become modalities of choice for CBDS and GSD, respectively. Conventionally, in patients with choledocho-cholelithiasis, ERCP is performed first followed by LC after an interval of 4–6 weeks. This approach requires two separate admissions involving anesthesia twice, thus increasing the risk related to multiple general anesthesia, higher cost of care, and greater loss of man hours. These issues can be mitigated by the novel approach of single anesthesia ERCP and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SERLAC). At our center, we follow both approaches, depending on the availability of resources and patient characteristics.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the safety of SERLAC.

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective, descriptive study, we analyzed data of patients undergoing SERLAC for outcome, complications, benefits, and constraints.

Results:
Of the 36 patients who underwent ERCP before LC for choledocho-cholelithiasis, 10 opted for SERLAC. Despite relatively prolonged anesthesia time (mean 85.3 min), owing to both ERCP and LC being performed in the same sitting, no anesthesia-related adverse event was noted. SERLAC was preferred in two cases to avoid exposure to second general anesthesia due to comorbidities such as old age with polytrauma and use of oral anticoagulant related to a prosthetic cardiac valve. Hospital stay was significantly lower (mean 4.3 days) in patients opting for SERLAC and it provided a definite cure for 8 out of 10 patients. The major constraint noted was logistical, in terms of ensuring the availability of the operating room (OR) and teams for both procedures besides setting up the ERCP and laparoscopy workstations in the same OR in quick succession. Our study shows that SERLAC is a safe approach and further studies are required to build consensus.

Conclusion:
This study has proven that SERLAC is safe and comparable to interval ERCP and LC. It offers a definite cure with a single admission, single anaesthesia, and significantly shorter hospital stay and thus results in much greater patient satisfaction in expert hands.
Anti-cancer Schiff bases as photostabilizer for poly(vinyl chloride)
Authors: Alwan Farhan Mohammed , Baqir Ali Wassan , Amer Ibrahim Wijdan , H. Mahmoud Zaid 
Published: November 2023

To prevent or reduce the drawback effect and prolong the life of PVC and preserve its composition and efficiency, compounds are incorporated with PVC. In this work, three highly aromatic anti-cancer Schiff base compounds in symbol (C2, C3 and C5) were applied to photostabilize of PVC against photodegradation, by added it to the polymer in the form of Schiff bases, to increase the stability of polymer when irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light, (λmax = 365 nm) at 30 ºC, with the intensity of the light wavelength at 1920 lux for a long duration. The PVC was blended with Schiff's base in concentration (0.5 %wt.), with thickness films (40 μm) were made from the blended materials. Several methods were used, including infrared spectroscopy, surface examination of irradiated films to know the effect of additives on PVC photostabilization and conductivity of films were measured by LCR meter. The results showed that the additives significantly reduced the photodegradation of PVC. C2 compound as additive, stabilize PVC more than other additives, it can absorb harmful radiation, deactivate hydrogen chloride, and scavenge high-energy species such as peroxides. Several mechanisms of photostabilization for C2 compound have been suggested. Therefore it is acting as stabilizers for PVC.
KEY WORDS: PVC, Photostabilizer, UV radiation, AFM, FESEM, LCR-meter
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(1), 135-146. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i1.11
Diversity and distribution of vascular cryptogams in relation to elevation gradient in Osomba range of the Cross River National Park, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Bassey M.E. , Anwana E.D. , Mbong E.O. , Umoh O.T. 
Published: November 2023

Vascular cryptogams also known as Pteridophytes have been found to colonize the lower altitudes of world’s tropical forest regions. Hence, a study to establish the relationship existing between elevation gradient and Pteridophytes heterogeneity and distribution within Osomba Range, Cross River State, Nigeria was carried out. In this study, we delineated four elevation classes and enumerated the vascular cryptogam communities found at each level within the range using standard scientific protocol. Shannon-Wiener's (3.434 and 2.833) and Simpson’s indices of diversity (0.968 and 0.941) as well as Taxa (31 and 17) assumed a dump bell pattern with peak values associated with the mid-elevation classes (178 -205m and 232 – 240m) respectively. On the contrary, dominance followed an inverted dump bell distribution with its optimum (0.1667 and 0.2500) skewed towards the extreme elevation classes (297 – 295 m and 347- 405 m). Correlation analysis imprinted a significant (P<0.05) positive relationship between altitude and dominance (0.867*) but an inverse relationship between elevation and Simpson diversity (-0.867*). 178- 205 m and 232-240 m elevation classes were more comparable with lesser species heterogeneity judging from Bray and Curtis (0.458), Simpson (0.647) and Jaccard (0.297) similarity indices respectively. Conclusively, forty-nine (49) species of vascular cryptogams were identified and their occurrence seemed patchy in distribution along the gradient. This is an indication that elevation is an important factor amongst the suite of ecological drivers which determine the diversity of this critical group of plants. Further investigation on individual species response to ecological gradient is recommended as this will enhance the conservation of these vascular cryptogams within and outside the study area.
Pengaruh Stres Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Kasus Pada Uptd Puskesmas Maros Baru)
Authors: Saderiah Saderiah , Otoluwa Narto Irawan , Burhani Abdul Hafid 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Stres Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Interveing (Studi Kasus pada UPTD Puskesmas Maros Baru). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan sekunder Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan uji instrument (Validitas dan Reliabilitas) uji asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis dan analisis jalur dengan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa nilai signifikan uji Kolmogrov-Smimmov yaitu 0,231 lebih besar dari 0,05 yang berarti bahwa signifikan residualnya berdistribusi normal kemudian Nilai signifikan (p-Value) semua variabel independen > 0,05 maka Ho diterima yang artinya varian residual homogen (tidak terjadi kasus heteroskedastisitas), adapun hasil uji analisis jalur pada pengaruh langsung Pengaruh variabel stres kerja (X1) terhadap komitmen organisasi (Z) X1 ke Z = 0,351, Pengaruh variabel kepuasan kerja terhadap komitmen organisasi X2 Ke Z =0,465, Pengaruh variabel stres kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai X1 ke Y = -0,099, Pengaruh variabel kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai X2 Ke Y = 0,190, Pengaruh variabel komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja pegawai Z Ke Y= 0,357, adapaun pengaruh tidak langsung Pengaruuh variabel stres kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai Melalui Komitmen Organisasi X1 keY ke Z = -0,099 x 0,357 = -0,035, Pengaruh variabel kepuasan terhadap kinerja pegawai melalui komitmen organisasi X2 Ke Y ke Z = 0,190 x 0,357 = 0,067.
EVALUASI KONSTRUKSI BENDUNG SEI WAMPUKECAMATAN STABAT KABUPATEN LANGKAT (STUDI KASUS)
Authors: Syaputra Dedy , Sidjabat Robinson , Ginting Rahelina 
Published: November 2023

Tujuan studi ini adlah untuk mengetahui debit banjir rencana pada bendung Sei Wampu; mengetahui debit air maksimum dan minimum pada bendung Sei Wampu; mengetahui stabilitas bending; dan mengetahui hidrolis bending. Setelah dilakukan survey pendahuluan, penentuan lokasi penelitian dapat ditetapkan jika lokasi tersebut telah memenuhi persyaratan yang telah ditentukan.Dimana lokasi penelitian berada di Bendungan Sei Wampu di Desa Pantaigemi Kec. Stabat Kab. Langkat. Sungai merupakan yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan manusia salah satunya adalah sebagai sumber air yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan irigasi, penyediaan air minum, kebutuhan air industri, rumah tangga dan lain-lain.Kebutuhan air bagi kehidupan manusia semakin meningkat sehingga perlu dilakukan penyediaan air. Dalam pembangunan bendung tetap dilengkapi dengan data-data sebagai berikut Luas Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) adalah seluas 291.91 km2 dan Panjang sungai ± 41,87 km. Curah hujan rencana periode ulang T Tahun menggunakan metode Gumbel yaitu R2 = 119,666 mm; R5 = 149,076 mm; R10 = 168,546 mm; R20 = 186,980 mm; R25 = 193,153 mm; R50 = 211,405 mm; R100 = 229,523 mm. Dari hasil perhitungan debit banjir periode ulang T tahun menggunakan Metode Weduwen dengan nilai Q2 = 2776,318 m3/det; Q5 = 3110,045 m3/det; Q10 = 3330,978 m3/det; Q20 = 3540,156 m3/det; Q25 = 3610,203 m3/det; Q50 = 3817,316 m3/det; Q100 = 4022,908 m3/det. Untuk menjaga keamanan kontruksi pada waktu dilewati banjir besar, pada perencanaan Bendung Sei Wampu ini di pakai debit banjir rencana yang nilainya sedang yaitu Q100 tahun = 4022,908 m3/detik. gaya akibat berat sendiri tubuh bendung didapat gaya akibat berat sendiri (G) = 107,62 Ton (↓), momen akibat berat sendiri (M) = 304,12 Ton meter (↑), Gaya Akibat Gempa, gaya akibat gempa (K) = 10,36 T (→), Momen akibat gempa (M) = 83,00 Tm ( ).
ANALISA PERKUATAN DINDING PENAHAN TANAH (STUDI KASUS : AREA BENDUNGAN WAMPU KECAMATAN KUTA BULUH KABUPATEN KARO)
Authors: Kurniawan Indra , Endayanti M 
Published: November 2023

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya gaya-gaya yang terjadi pada dinding penahan tanah; mengetahui besarnya gaya aktif pada dinding penahan tanah akibat percepatan gempa; dan mengetahui faktor keamanan terhadap guling, geser, dan kapasitas daya dukung dinding penahan tanah. Metode pelaksanaan studi ini dilakukan dengan menganalisa dan menghitung kestabilan dinding penahan tanah terhadap daya dukung tanah; menganalisa dan menghitung kestabilan dinding penahan tanah terhadap gaya pergeseran dan penggulingan; danmenganalisa dan menghitung terhadap gaya-gaya dalam yang bekerja pada dinding penahan tanah tipe grafitasi. Bendungan Wampu Kecamatan Kuta Buluh Kabupaten Karo ditinjau dari tingkat kegempaan berada pada zona 2. Daerah ini rentan terhadap gempa dan sering terjadinya aktifitas erupsi Gunung Sinabung. Bendungan ini berada di daerah perbukitan yang rawan terhadap longsor, sehingga pada daerah dengan kondisi tanah lunak akan diberi perkuatan lereng dengan konstruksi dinding penahan tanah.Dari hasil perhitungan stabilitas dinding penahan tanah dalam keadaan statis didapatkan hasil bahwa struktur stabil terhadap guling, geser dan daya dukung. Stabilitas dinding penahan tanah terhadap guling, geser, dan daya dukung memberikan nilai aman yaitu SF > 1,5, Nilai SF(over turning) = 2,331; SF(Sliding) = 2,779; SF(bearingcapacity) = 4,839. Dari hasil perhitungan stabilitas dinding penahan tanah dalam keadaan dinamis didapatkan hasil bahwa struktur stabil terhadap guling dan daya dukung, tetapi tidak stabil terhadap geser. Stabilitas dinding penahan tanah terhadap guling dan daya dukung memberikan nilai aman yaitu SF > 1,5. NilaiSF(Sliding) 1,028 < 1,5; Nilai SF(over turning) = 1,849; SF(bearingcapacity) = 1,779.Nilai SF menjadi lebih kecil setelah konstruksi memikul beban gempa.
ANALISA STABILITAS TANAH TIMBUNAN PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN KILANG MINYAK PADA PT. INDUSTRI NABATI LESTARI SEI SEMANGKEI KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Siringoringo Anton , Simanullang Parlin , Endayanti Masriani , Ginting Rahelina 
Published: November 2023

Kondisi tanah dibawah struktur begitu berhubungan dengan sifat tanah itu sendiri ketika mendapat beban, kegagalan yang terjadi pada sub-grade pondasi timbunan yaitu tanah pondasi terlalu lunak sehingga daya dukung tanah, dalam menahan beban timbunan kecil, sehingga penurunan yang terjadi sangat besar. Lapisan tanah yang ada dibawah bangunan tersebut harusla kuat, stabil, aman, sehingga tidak mengalami penuruna , retak, karena sulit mempebaiki struktur atas bila hal ini terjadi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah agar menganlisa besarnya penurunan akibat material penimbunan pada lokasi proyek KILANG MINYAK PT. INDUSTRI NABATI LESTARI SEI SEMANGKEI. Penurunan tanah proyek akan mempengaruhi kontruksi dimasa depan, penurunan yang terlalu besar menimbulkan kerusakan yang lumayan berpengaruh terhadap kontruksi. Oleh sebab itu dilakukan analisa kpada besarnya penurunan. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang dilakukan kepada design timbuna bahu jalan di atas tanah lunak di lokasi pekerjaan dapat disimpulkan : 1). Untuk penurunan konsolidasi, semakin tinggi tanah timbunan semakin lama proses penurunan, 2).Hasil Sc pada BH – 01 lebih besar dari Sc pada BH – 02, hal ini dikarenakan angka pori pada sampel BH – 01 lebih kecil dari BH – 02. Proses pembebanan sangat dipengaruhi oleh nilai void ratio yang terkait dengan permeabilitas atau sifat kelolosan air, 3).Nilai K pada BH – 01 lebih kecil dari BH – 02. Semakin bertambah besar nilai permeabilitas maka proses terdissipasinya angka pori akan semakin cepat. Sehingga penurunan yang terjadi akan semakin besar, 4).Nilai Coeffisient Index Cc mempengaruhi besarnya penurunan, semakin besar nilai Coeffisient Index Cc, semakin besar penurunan yang terjadi.
ANALISADAYA DUKUNG PONDASI BORE PILE DAN STABILITAS ABUTMENT PADA PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN TITI PAYUNG HAMPARAN PERAK KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG
Authors: Sembiring Japrin Paulus , Ginting Erni Br. , Ginting Rahelina , Gultom Adventus 
Published: November 2023

Jembatan Titi Payung berada di Hamparan Perak Kabuaten Deli Serdang. Suatu jembatan harus direncanakan dengan baik agar dapat menahan berbagai beban yang dipikulnya seperti berat sendiri, beban lalu lintas, beban gempa, beban angin dan beban lain yang ada pada jembatan. Konstruksi jembatan adalah suatu konstruksi bangunan yang membuat jembatan mampu kokoh berdiri dan dapat dilewati kendaraan di atasnya. Dalam pembangunan jembatan dibutuhkan pondasi yang kuat agar mampu menahan seluruh beban jembatan ke dasar tanah. Konstruksi jembatan terdiri dari : 1). Bangunan atas : bagian utama yaitu struktur atas, struktur bagian bawah, jalan pendekat dan bangunan pengaman, 2). Bangunan bawah : terdiri dari struktur utama dan pangkal jembatan (abutment). Dalam tugas akhir ini, pembahasan dititik beratkan pada kajian struktur bawah Jembatan Titi Payung berada di Hamparan Perak. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analisa daya dukung pondasi bore pile pada abutment konstruksi jembatan Titi Payung Hamparan Perak dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut : 1).Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan daya dukung pondasi dari data SPT, maka diperoleh daya dukung pondasi pada kedalaman 40 m dengan metode Mayerhoff sebesar Qg =177730,3 kN >22064,361kN, 2).Perhitungan efisiensi kelompok tiangdengan menggunakan metode Converse-Labarre adalah : efisiensi kelompok tiang(Eg) = 0,793 yang berarti dengan konfigurasi 24 tiang memberikan 79,3 % besarnya nilai perhitungan pondasi tiang yang dapat dihitung.
ANALISIS PERENCANAAN PERKERASAN LENTUR PEMBANGUNAN RUAS JALAN KUTABANGUN-KUTAKENDIT LIANG MELAS DATAS KABUPATEN KARO
Authors: Ginting Benyamin , Sembiring Daniel P. , Debataraja Semangat M.T , Lubis Yusuf Aulia 
Published: November 2023

Infrastuktur sangatlah berpengaruh dalam proses peningkatan ekonomi serta akses akitivitas suatu daerah seperti Kabupaten Karo terkhususnya pada Ruas Jalan Kutabangun-Kutakendit di titik Desa Pola Tebu STA 0+000 – 2+000. Studi ini bertujuann untuk mengetahui kondisi infrastuktur jalan dan Perencanaan Pembangunan Ruas Jalan yang dimana sebagai sarana akses masyarakat sekitar untuk memasarkan hasil pertanian. Dalam studi ini direncanakan tebal perkerasan lentur dengan Metode Manual Desain Perkerasan Bina Marga Revisi 2017 dan Metode Manual Desain Perekrasan AASHTO 1993. Berdasarkan hasil analisa dan perhitungan maka didapatkan hasil pada Manual Desain Perkerasan Bina Marga Revisi 2017 untuk Lapisan Permukaan diperoleh tebal 100 mm, Lapisan Pondasi Atas diperoleh tebal 400 mm, dan Timbunan Urugan diperoleh tebal 175 mm. sedangkan pada Metode Manual Desain Perkerasan AASHTO 1993 yaitu Lapisan Permukaan diperoleh tebal 110 mm, Lapisan Pondasi Atas diperoleh tebal 230 mm, Lapis Pondasi Bawah diperoleh tebal 260 mm dan Timbunan Urugan 100 mm.