bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal dysfunction contributes to deteriorated survival outcomes in patients with upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding: insights from a cohort study of 1160 cases
Authors: Simon Orsolya Anna , Frim Levente , Farkas Nelli , Sipos Zoltán , Vörhendi Nóra , Boros Eszter , Pálinkás Dániel , Teutsch Brigitta , Kalló Patrícia , Vass Vivien , Szentesi Andrea , Hágendorn Roland , Hegyi Péter , Erőss Bálint , Szabó Imre 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease are risk factors for many outcomes of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). These are associated with higher mortality, longer hospitalisation, and greater need for transfusion in case of overt GIB. Our study aimed to further evaluate the role of kidney function in several clinical outcomes of GIB patients. The Hungarian Gastrointestinal Bleeding Registry collected data on all-cause GIB between 2019 and 2022. A multi-level data-validation system provided high-quality data, which was retrospectively analysed. Numerous primary (in-hospital mortality, discharge, need for endoscopic intervention, in-hospital rebleeding, length of hospitalisation, need for emergency surgery, need for endoscopic examination and need for intensive care unit) and secondary (detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), recognition of cancer as the source of bleeding, need for any kind of transfusion or clotting factor, anticoagulation therapy) outcomes were observed. Descriptive statistical tools were used to summarize our data. Among others, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (ml/min/1.73 m2) was used as continuous variable, mean, standard deviation, median, interquartile range and minimum/maximum values were calculated. Reduced kidney function was associated with in-hospital mortality (eGFR: 42.63 ± 28.78 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 57.08 ± 26.62 ml/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.001), need for red blood cells (RBC) transfusion (eGFR: 51.98 ± 27.90 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 60.11 ± 25.06 ml/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.001) and clotting factor supplementation (eGFR: 47.40 ± 27.41 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 56.68 ± 27.02 ml/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.001). Better eGFR values at admission were associated with discharge home after proper treatment, compared to any other outcome of the admission (eGFR: 58.12 ± 25.56 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 50.23 ± 29.69 ml/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.001), H. pylori positivity (eGFR: 59.63 ± 25.24 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 52.76 ± 25.44 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.021) and the need for endoscopic intervention (eGFR: 58.65 ± 26.61 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 54.31 ± 27.64 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.008). At admission, patients with better eGFR than 36.64 ml/min/1.73 m2 were discharged to their homes, mortality was higher with eGFR worse than 25.96 ml/min/1.73 m2, more RBC transfusion was needed if eGFR was lower than 49.61 ml/min/1.73 m2. Regulation of anticoagulation was examined extensively. Impaired kidney function at admission results higher in-hospital mortality in overt all-cause GIB and increases the need of RBC transfusion.
Error-driven upregulation of memory representations
Authors: Weuthen Alexander , Kirschner Hans , Ullsperger Markus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Learning an association does not always succeed on the first attempt. Previous studies associated increased error signals in posterior medial frontal cortex with improved memory formation. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms that facilitate post-error learning remain poorly understood. To address this gap, participants performed a feedback-based association learning task and a 1-back localizer task. Increased hemodynamic responses in posterior medial frontal cortex were found for internal and external origins of memory error evidence, and during post-error encoding success as quantified by subsequent recall of face-associated memories. A localizer-based machine learning model displayed a network of cognitive control regions, including posterior medial frontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, whose activity was related to face-processing evidence in the fusiform face area. Representation strength was higher during failed recall and increased during encoding when subsequent recall succeeded. These data enhance our understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms of adaptive learning by linking the need for learning with increased processing of the relevant stimulus category.
Effect of HRTFs and head motion on auditory-visual localization in real and virtual studio environments
Authors: Riedel Stefan , Frank Matthias , Zotter Franz 
Published: January 2025

When localizing sound sources in natural or virtual environments, multisensory integration that combines auditory and visual cues is often involved. This study aims to determine the effect of (non-)individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) on sound source localization in the presence of visual cues.
Participants ($N=16$) were seated in a hemispherical loudspeaker arrangement, and their task was to indicate the perceived direction of pink-noise bursts. The conditions included localization of real loudspeakers and virtualized loudspeakers based on binaural rendering with (non-)individual HRTFs. The horizontal spacing of the visible loudspeakers was 30 degrees or larger and the vertical spacing was varied between 30 degrees and 15 degrees, to focus on vertical discrimination.
The results of a static localization experiment (no head movements during playback) demonstrated an increased rate of vertical local confusions using non-individual binaural room impulse responses (BRIRs) of the KU100 dummy head compared to individual BRIRs. Dynamic auditory-visual localization with non-individual HRTFs suffered from vertical uncertainty and bias in the frontal area, where local confusion rates were consistent with the static experiment.
In conclusion, the horizontal localization mapping of dynamic binaural rendering with non-individual HRTFs was comparable to real loudspeaker reproduction, while the vertical mapping was significantly impaired.
Investigating the kill cloud: information warfare, autonomous weapons & AI
Authors: Bhila Ishmael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The “kill chain”—involving the analysis of data by human users of military technologies, the understanding of that data, and human decisions—has fast been replaced by the “kill cloud” that necessitates, allows, and exacerbates increased thirst for domination, violence against distant populations, and a culture of experimentation with human lives. This commentary reports an interdisciplinary discussion organised by the Disruption Network Lab that brought together whistleblowers, artists, and experts investigating the impact of artificial intelligence and other emerging technologies on networked warfare. Exposing the problematics of networked warfare and the kill cloud, their colonial overtones, effects on human subjects in real life, erroneous scientific rationalities, and the (business) practices and logics that enable this algorithmic machinery of violence. The conference took place from the 29th of November to the 1st of December 2024 at the Kunstquartier Bethanien in Berlin, Germany.
Nitride thin films grown by thermal laser epitaxy
Authors: Kim Dong Yeong , Harbola Varun , Jung Seungwon , Lee Jinjoo , Roy Sukanya , Hensling Felix V. E. , Majer Lena N. , Wang Hongguang , van Aken Peter A. , Lopes Joao Marcelo J. , Aggarwal Neha , Mannhart Jochen , Braun Wolfgang 
Published: January 2025

The growth of a wide range of binary nitride films with excellent properties is reported. These films are deposited by thermal laser epitaxy (TLE). If equipped with CO2–laser substrate heating, TLE allows growth temperatures ≫ 1000 °C combined with strong nitriding conditions, which are established by using ammonia (NH3) gas as a nitrogen precursor. Films deposited on c-plane sapphire substrates include semiconducting nitrides (BN, AlN, ScN, and YN), superconducting nitrides (TiN, VN, ZrN, and NbN), and magnetic nitrides (CrN and GdN). The superconducting transition temperatures of TiN, VN, ZrN, and NbN films are 5.7, 8.9, 8.9, and 16.9 K, respectively. The Néel temperature of CrN films is ≃280 K, and the Curie temperature of GdN films is 66 K; both lie within the reported ranges. The controlled fabrication of different phases of individual nitride compounds is explored, revealing that subnitride phases can be grown at lower NH3 pressures. This study also demonstrates the heteroepitaxial growth of multilayer nitride films on c-plane sapphire.
Microring quantum cascade surface emitting lasers
Authors: Stark David , Beck Mattias , Faist Jérôme 
Published: January 2025

We miniaturize a vertically coupled in-plane whispering gallery mode cavity incorporating a quantum cascade gain medium, aiming to realize the mid-infrared counterpart to the vertical cavity surface emitting laser. Building on previous work with linear microcavities, we introduce a new type of quantum cascade surface emitting laser (QCSEL) by miniaturizing a buried heterostructure ring cavity. At wavelengths of 4.5 and 8 μm, we investigate the optical losses for decreasing ring diameters while benchmarking the device performance against linear microcavities. We achieve an equivalent mirror reflectivity of 0.95 and demonstrate lasing with ring diameters as small as 50 μm. Finally, we report a continuous-wave threshold power dissipation of 274 mW for a 100 μm diameter ring QCSEL, characterized on wafer level at 20 °C.
The construction of large-scale structure catalogs for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
Authors: Ross A.J. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Alam S. , Anand A. , Bailey S. , Bianchi D. , Brieden S. , Brooks D. , Burtin E. , Carnero Rosell A. , Chaussidon E. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , Dawson K. , de la Macorra A. , de Mattia A. , Dey A. , Dey B. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Ferraro S. , Ereza J. , Font-Ribera A. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gil-Marín H. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Gonzalez-Morales A.X. , Guy J. , Hahn C. , Heydenreich S. , Honscheid K. , Howlett C. , Ishak M. , Karim T. , Kirkby D. , Kisner T. , Kong H. , Kremin A. , Krolewski A. , Lambert A. , Landriau M. , Lasker J. , Guillou L.L. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Martini P. , McDonald P. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Moon J. , Moustakas J. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A.D. , Nadathur S. , Napolitano L. , Newman J.A. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Raichoor A. , Ravoux C. , Rezaie M. , Rosado-Marin A. , Rossi G. , Samushia L. , Sanchez E. , Schlafly E.F. , Schlegel D. , Seo H. , Smith A. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Valcin D. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Weaver B.A. , Wilson M.J. , Yu J. , Zarrouk P. , Zhao C. , Zhou R. , Zou H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present the technical details on how large-scale structure (LSS) catalogs are constructed from redshifts measured from spectra observed by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). The LSS catalogs provide the information needed to determine the relative number density of DESI tracers as a function of redshift and celestial coordinates and, e.g., determine clustering statistics. We produce catalogs that are weighted subsamples of the observed data, each matched to a weighted `random' catalog that forms an unclustered sampling of the probability density that DESI could have observed those data at each location.
Precise knowledge of the DESI observing history and associated hardware performance allows for a determination of the DESI footprint and the number of times DESI has covered it at sub-arcsecond level precision. This enables the completeness of any DESI sample to be modeled at this same resolution.
The pipeline developed to create LSS catalogs has been designed to easily allow robustness tests and enable future improvements. We describe how it allows ongoing work improving the match between galaxy and random catalogs, such as including further information when assigning redshifts to randoms, accounting for fluctuations in target density, accounting for variation in the redshift success rate, and accommodating blinding schemes.
HOD-dependent systematics for luminous red galaxies in the DESI 2024 BAO analysis
Authors: Mena-Fernández J. , Garcia-Quintero C. , Yuan S. , Hadzhiyska B. , Alves O. , Rashkovetskyi M. , Seo H. , Padmanabhan N. , Nadathur S. , Howlett C. , Alam S. , Rocher A. , Ross A.J. , Sanchez E. , Ishak M. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Andrade U. , BenZvi S. , Brooks D. , Burtin E. , Chen S. , Chen X. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , de la Macorra A. , de Mattia A. , Dey Arjun , Dey B. , Ding Z. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gil-Marín H. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Gutierrez G. , Guy J. , Hahn C. , Honscheid K. , Juneau S. , Kremin A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Medina-Varela L. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Mueller E. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A.D. , Newman J.A. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Paillas E. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Pérez-Fernández A. , Rosado-Marin A. , Rossi G. , Ruggeri R. , Saulder C. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Weaver B.A. , Yu J. , Zhang H. , Zou H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we present the estimation of systematics related to the halo occupation
distribution (HOD) modeling in the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) distance measurement of the
Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) 2024 analysis. This paper focuses on the study of HOD
systematics for luminous red galaxies (LRG). We consider three different HOD models for LRGs,
including the base 5-parameter vanilla model and two extensions to it, that we refer to as
baseline and extended models. The baseline model is described by the 5 vanilla HOD parameters, an
incompleteness factor and a velocity bias parameter, whereas the extended one also includes a
galaxy assembly bias and a satellite profile parameter. We utilize the 25 dark matter simulations
available in the AbacusSummit simulation suite at z=0.8 and generate mock catalogs for our different
HOD models. To test the impact of the HOD modeling in the position of the BAO peak, we run BAO
fits for all these sets of simulations and compare the best-fit BAO-scaling parameters α
iso
and α
AP between every pair of HOD models. We do this for both Fourier and configuration
spaces independently, using post-reconstruction measurements. We find a 3.3σ detection of
HOD systematic for α
AP in configuration space with an amplitude of 0.19%. For the other
cases, we did not find a 3σ detection, and we decided to compute a conservative estimation
of the systematic using the ensemble of shifts between all pairs of HOD models. By doing this, we
quote a systematic with an amplitude of 0.07% in α
iso for both Fourier and configuration
spaces; and of 0.09% in α
AP for Fourier space.
An analysis of parameter compression and Full-Modeling techniques with Velocileptors for DESI 2024 and beyond
Authors: Maus M. , Chen S. , White M. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Aviles A. , Brieden S. , Brooks D. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , de la Macorra A. , Dey Arjun , Doel P. , Ferraro S. , Findlay N. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gil-Marín H. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Hahn C. , Honscheid K. , Howlett C. , Ishak M. , Juneau S. , Kremin A. , Lai Y. , Landriau M. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Miquel R. , Mueller E. , Myers A.D. , Nadathur S. , Nie J. , Noriega H.E. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Ramirez-Solano S. , Rezaie M. , Rocher A. , Rossi G. , Sanchez E. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Seo H. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Weaver B.A. , Yuan S. , Zarrouk P. , Zhang H. , Zhou R. , Zou H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In anticipation of forthcoming data releases of current and future spectroscopic surveys, we present the validation tests and analysis of systematic effects within velocileptors modeling pipeline when fitting mock data from the AbacusSummit N-body simulations. We compare the constraints obtained from parameter compression methods to the direct fitting (Full-Modeling) approaches of modeling the galaxy power spectra, and show that the ShapeFit extension to the traditional template method is consistent with the Full-Modeling method within the standard ΛCDM parameter space. We show the dependence on scale cuts when fitting the different redshift bins using the ShapeFit and Full-Modeling methods. We test the ability to jointly fit data from multiple redshift bins as well as joint analysis of the pre-reconstruction power spectrum with the post-reconstruction BAO correlation function signal. We further demonstrate the behavior of the model when opening up the parameter space beyond ΛCDM and also when combining likelihoods with external datasets, namely the Planck CMB priors. Finally, we describe different parametrization options for the galaxy bias, counterterm, and stochastic parameters, and employ the halo model in order to physically motivate suitable priors that are necessary to ensure the stability of the perturbation theory.
Semi-analytical covariance matrices for two-point correlation function for DESI 2024 data
Authors: Rashkovetskyi M. , Forero-Sánchez D. , de Mattia A. , Eisenstein D.J. , Padmanabhan N. , Seo H. , Ross A.J. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Alves O. , Andrade U. , Brooks D. , Burtin E. , Chen X. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , de la Macorra A. , Ding Z. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Ferraro S. , Font-Ribera A. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Garcia-Quintero C. , Gil-Marín H. , Gontcho A Gontcho S. , Gonzalez-Morales A.X. , Gutierrez G. , Honscheid K. , Howlett C. , Juneau S. , Kremin A. , Le Guillou L. , Manera M. , Medina-Varela L. , Mena-Fernández J. , Miquel R. , Mueller E. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A.D. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Paillas E. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Pérez-Fernández A. , Rezaie M. , Rosado-Marin A. , Rossi G. , Ruggeri R. , Sanchez E. , Saulder C. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Weaver B.A. , Yu J. , Zhao C. , Zou H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present an optimized way of producing the fast semi-analytical covariance matrices for the Legendre moments of the two-point correlation function, taking into account survey geometry and mimicking the non-Gaussian effects.
We validate the approach on simulated (mock) catalogs for different galaxy types, representative of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1, used in 2024 analyses.
We find only a few percent differences between the mock sample covariance matrix and our results, which can be expected given the approximate nature of the mocks,
although we do identify discrepancies between the shot-noise properties of the DESI fiber assignment algorithm and the faster approximation (emulator) used in the mocks.
Importantly, we find a close agreement (≤ 8% relative differences) in the projected errorbars for distance scale parameters for the baryon acoustic oscillation measurements.
This confirms our method as an attractive alternative to simulation-based covariance matrices, especially for non-standard models or galaxy sample selections, making it particularly relevant to the broad current and future analyses of DESI data.
Low power design for Medipix readout systems
Authors: Paulino G. , Wanner L.F. , Oliveira P.H. , Tartarotti R.K. , Argentato M.C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Photon-counting hybrid pixel detector chips, such as those based on the Medipix3RX technology, have been central to advancements in spectral and multi-dimensional imaging at synchrotron facilities. As these facilities continue to improve with ongoing upgrades, there is a growing demand for large-area cameras that not only handle increased X-ray flux performances but also integrate effectively into various scientific setups with minimal power consumption.

This work focuses on optimizing the energy efficiency of Medipix3RX readout chips used in the context of large-area X-ray photon-counting detectors. We have introduced several power optimization techniques, including dynamic frequency and voltage scaling, and the incorporation of standby/sleep modes into sensor operation. These methods have significantly reduced power consumption, thereby allowing for simplified cooling systems and enhanced durability without compromising the robustness and reliability of the system.

Experimental results demonstrate that applying dynamic voltage and frequency scaling can reduce power consumption by 5%, while the clock gating technique can reduce it by up to 23%. Furthermore, the implementation of a sleep mode during periods of inactivity reduces heat dissipation, improving sensor temperature stability, while also reducing overall energy requirements by up to 40% compared to continuous operation. A detailed characterization of the internal parameters of the Medipix3RX analog front-end has enabled us to identify optimal operating points that balance low power consumption with high performance, which is crucial for maintaining low noise levels and fast count rates in challenging experimental environments.
Design and characterization of a large-area phoswich detector for continuous measurement of gross alpha and beta activity in low-level radioactive water
Authors: Chen Meng-jia , He San-jun , Qu Guo-pu , Liu Li-yan , Yu Wan-tang , Wei Qi-an , Hou Jia-bin , Zhao Xiu-liang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A large number of nuclear power plants are approaching
decommissioning, and the low-level radioactive waste discharged
during the decommissioning process may increase environmental
radioactive background. There have been no reports on the accurate
differentiation of alpha, beta and gamma signals from low-level
radioactive water and their corresponding activityvalues. We have
developed a prototype of a large area phoswich detector with the
intention of establishing a detection system for real-time
monitoring of gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity levels in
water, enabling prompt response in case of elevated radioactivity
concentrations. The phoswich detector features two layers of
scintillators, and the size of the scintillator and light guide was
determined by using Geant4 simulation. The first layer is a
200 mm× 200 mm× 10 mm-plastic
scintillator coated with 7 mg/cm2 thick ZnS(Ag)that measures
alpha and beta particles, the second layer is a
200 mm× 200 mm× 10 mm-plastic
scintillator that measures gammarays, which reduces the background
interference in the main detector, and the two layers ofscintillator
are coupled to a photomultiplier(PMT) through a 6 mm thick light
guide. The alpha and beta signals detected were analyzed by usinga
digitizer. Due to the significant difference in the decay times of
the alpha and beta pulses, pulse shape discrimination (PSD) is very
effective. We obtained a 2D PSD scatter plot with a particle
discrimination line position of PSD = 0.562 and a figure of
merit (FOM) = 1.4134. We measured the alpha and beta detection
efficiencies and the background count rate under lead shielding. The
detection efficiency when the source is placed at different
positions was measured by combining simulation and experiment. We
also verified the ability of the prototype to detect alpha/beta
particles in low-level radioactive water, which can detect and
distinguish alpha and beta particles at different radioactive
activity levels in water from 1 Bq/L to 50 Bq/L within 1 hour of
counting time. After setting up the water tank and detection system,
it can be applied for continuous monitoring of low-level radioactive
water around decommissioned nuclear facilities.