bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time with all-cause mortality in Japanese older adults: a 10-year prospective study
Authors: Chen Tao , Chen Sanmei , Honda Takanori , Kishimoto Hiro , Nofuji Yu , Narazaki Kenji 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo examine the associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time with all-cause mortality in older Japanese adults.MethodsA total of 1723 independent Japanese adults aged ≥65 years were followed from 2011 to 2021. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA) and sedentary time were measured using a triaxial accelerometer secured to participants’ waists.ResultsOver a median follow-up of 9.9 years, 336 deaths were recorded. When examined as tertiles, higher MVPA (both ≥10 and <10 min bouts) and LPA were associated with a lower mortality risk. Additional adjustment for MVPA attenuated the associations of LPA, but the HRs in the highest tertile remained significant. Longer sedentary time was significantly associated with an increased mortality risk, but not after adjusting for MVPA. In spline analyses, a linear dose–response association with all-cause mortality was observed for LPA, while the HRs declined progressively with higher levels of MVPA until approximately 80 min/day, beyond which they levelled out. Replacing 10 min/day of sedentary time with MVPA but not LPA was associated with a 12% lower risk of morality (HR 0.88; 95% CI 0.83 to 0.93); the HR for replacing 10 min/day LPA with MVPA was 0.89 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.95). These results were materially unchanged when excluding deaths within the first 5 years of follow-up.ConclusionPhysical activity, regardless of intensity, was associated with a lower all-cause mortality risk among older Japanese adults. Replacing sedentary time or LPA with MVPA was associated with a lower mortality risk. The mortality benefit started from a low MVPA dose and additional benefits were associated with higher doses.
Association between nutritional status, daily nutrition delivery and clinical outcomes of critically ill adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a protocol for Isfahan multicentre prospective observational cohort ICU study (the Isfahan-ICU study)
Authors: Shokri-Mashhadi Nafiseh , Schlesinger Sabrina , Feizi Awat , Rajaii Somayeh , Nasiri Jounaghani Milad 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThere is currently limited information regarding the association between the modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill (mNUTRIC) score, nutrition delivery and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) section.Methods and analysisThe Isfahan-ICU study is a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study that will be conducted on critically ill adults treated in the trauma or medical ICU sections of six hospitals to investigate whether clinical outcomes, including length of ICU stay and 30-day survival, vary by the mNUTRIC score at admission or the 7-day nutrition delivery. This paper outlines the Isfahan-ICU study protocol approved by the ethics committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Patient confidentiality is ensured, and study results will be shared at conferences and in medical papers.Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1401.184). The patient’s identity will be considered confidential and will not be revealed or published under any circumstances; all provisions of laws governing personal data protection will be observed. Patient data recorded in the electronic survey will be documented pseudonymously using de-identified patient ID codes, and authorised staff at each participating site will have access to only their identifiable data. Results from the study will be disseminated at national and international conferences and in medical papers.Trial registration numberEthics committee of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1401.184).
Improving access to pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD treated for substance misuse in the London Borough of Islington
Authors: Narasimhan Divya , Simpson Jane , Stewart Duncan 
Published: January 2025

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a collection of conditions that cause permanent damage to the lungs. Among a range of treatment options, patients can benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programmes involving physical exercises and education.The risk of developing COPD is higher for substance misusers than the general population. Substance misusers with COPD have more severe symptoms and poorer health outcomes than other COPD patients, and experience inequalities in accessing PR services.This project aimed to work with a local substance misuse service to increase the referrals of patients with COPD with a history of drug and/or alcohol problems to a PR programme in the London Borough of Islington. Quality improvement methods were used to explore barriers to accessing PR and to identify ways of making referral to PR easier. A series of change ideas were implemented and tested sequentially through plan–do–study–act, including updating referral systems, educating staff and improving access to diagnosis.The primary objective was to achieve 100 eligible referrals during the 14-month project period. In practice, a total of 57 patients were referred to the programme. Sustained engagement with patients was challenging, with significant attrition observed from referral to programme completion. However, there was indicative evidence of clinical improvements in dyspnoea and exercise capacity among PR completers and qualitative feedback of improved health and well-being.Although referrals numbers were less than expected, we have established an innovative respiratory care pathway for substance misusers, founded on a holistic approach to diagnosis and treatment. There are also clear pointers as to how this approach can be sustained and developed further to maximise the benefits for this cohort of patients.
Twelve barriers to COPD diagnosis in France: a comparative qualitative study
Authors: Roucoux Guillaume , Scanferla Elisabetta , Delorme Mathieu , Fraticelli Laurie , Kiakouama Maleka Lize , Nocent-Ejnaini Cécilia , Ozier Annaig , Patout Maxime , Le Rouzic Olivier , Zysman Maéva 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common treatable disease often diagnosed in patients with risk factors after a prolonged period with suggestive symptoms. Our qualitative study aimed to identify barriers to establishing diagnosis in the natural history of this condition.MethodsAn inductive thematic analysis was performed on structured interviews with patients, general practitioners (GPs) and pulmonologists in France. Inclusion depended on criteria to generate two purposive samples (patients and physicians). Recruitment occurred online. Data collection proceeded until 15 patients and 15 physicians (eight pulmonologists, seven GPs) were interviewed. Data saturation was checked and achieved. The interviews were transcribed and coded in NVivo and triangulated between two researchers. The article respects the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research guidelines.ResultsThree phases in the patients’ clinical pathway to diagnosis and 12 barriers were found: Phase 1 (symptoms before consultation; n=4), lack of COPD knowledge, symptom denial, fear of lung cancer, and delayed general practice consultations; Phase 2 (primary care; n=3), letting bronchitis become chronic, priority to diseases with similar symptoms and/or more serious diseases, lack of COPD screening devices, time and curative treatments; Phase 3 (specialised medicine; n=5), treatment before diagnosis, late referral to pulmonologists, difficulty in accessing specialists and examination results, patient’s reluctance to undergo further examinations, and need for additional tests to confirm a diagnosis.ConclusionPeople unaware of their COPD condition can encounter up to 12 barriers, which may combine before obtaining a formal diagnosis. Patients, GPs, pulmonologists and the state health authorities share responsibility for addressing these barriers and enhancing the care pathway.
Hierarchical relationship of nonlocal correlations in Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime
Authors: Yao Huimin , Zhang Li , Wen Cuihong , Wang Jieci 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigate the hierarchy of nonlocal correlations for Dirac fields in the Schwarzschild de Sitter (SdS) spacetime. We find that the hierarchical relationship between the nonlocal advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC) and Bell nonlocality remains in the multi-event horizon curved spacetime. It is demonstrated that the NAQC and Bell nonlocality provide a more rigorous characterization of physically inaccessible quantum properties than coherence, as classical information cannot be transmitted across the thermally opaque membrane. Furthermore, when considering an effective equilibrium temperature, an enhancement in quantum nonlocality with increasing temperature is observed, which challenges the conventional understanding that the Hawking effect solely diminishes quantum nonlocality. This study contributes to integrating quantum resource theory within the context of multi-event horizon black holes.
Current Progress in Black Phosphorus Nanomaterials: Exploring Electrochemical, Biomedical, and Biosensor Applications
Authors: Mukherjea Nilabha , Ranjan Ruhi , Li Wenxuan (Evelyn) , Darar Sandeep , Makmur Samantha , Basak Rishika , Mukherjee Ranjini , Chadha Utkarsh , SELVARAJ SENTHIL KUMARAN , Bhardwaj Preetam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Black phosphorus nanomaterials (BPN), including 2D phosphorene, 1D nanoribbons, and 0D BP quantum dots (BPQDs) exhibit superior electronic performance, remarkable biocompatibility, and tunable bandgap energy. They present immense potential in a variety of fields involving electronics, energy storage, biosensing, and biomedical applications. Despite these favorable characteristics, there are some significant obstacles impeding the widespread adoption of BPN, which includes their degradation in moisture, light, and oxygen-rich environments, difficulties in achieving scalable, high-quality BPN production and instability in electrocatalysis further limit their practical applications. Future work will revolve around optimizing BPN synthesis, thoroughly examining the degradation mechanisms, maintaining BPN stability, and comprehending the biosafety of BP analogues and polymers. In particular, the review suggests exploring BP-metal/metal oxide nanostructure composites, as well as conducting additional research on BPQD-based nanocomposites for biological imaging and drug delivery. Development of efficient anti-degradation strategies, advancement of synthesis techniques, and a deeper understanding of the characteristics and potential applications of BPN will unlock their immense potential across various fields.
Hepatic Abnormal Secretion of Apolipoprotein C3 Promotes Inflammation in Aortic Dissection
Authors: Zhuang Xinghui , Zarif Mohammad , Shen Yue , Zhang Zhaofeng , He Jian , Xie Linfeng , Wu Qingsong , Lin Xinfan , Chen Keyuan , Tian Yue , Lin Yong , Zhang Yuling , Cai Ziwen , Qiu Zhihuang , Chen Liangwan 
Published: January 2025

Background
Apolipoprotein C3 (apo C3) is primarily secreted by the liver and is involved in promoting sterile inflammation and organ damage under pathological conditions. Previous studies have shown that apo C3 is abundant in the plasma exosomes of patients with aortic dissection (AD), but its specific role in AD remains unclear.

Methods and Results

In vivo, adeno‐associated virus was used to knock down hepatic apo C3 expression in an AD mouse model to assess the impact of liver‐derived apo C3 on the development of AD. In vitro, recombinant apo C3 protein was added to the culture medium of J774A.1 macrophages to evaluate its effect on macrophage polarization and to identify the underlying mechanisms. Additionally, the effect of apo C3 on the function of aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells was explored. Apo C3 in the aortas of AD mice was found to originate from abnormal hepatic secretion, which enters the bloodstream and subsequently deposits in the aorta. Adeno‐associated virus–mediated hepatic apo C3 knockdown significantly reduced AD incidence (
P
=0.0036), macrophage infiltration (
P
=0.0004), and collagen deposition in the aorta (
P
=0.0016). Similarly, inhibiting the apo C3 receptor Toll‐like receptor 2 significantly lowered AD incidence (
P
=0.0352). In vitro, recombinant apo C3 protein promoted M1 polarization and matrix metalloproteinase secretion in macrophages by activating the Toll‐like receptor 2/NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 pathway. Additionally, apo C3 increased adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells and induced inflammation, chemotaxis, and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the role of abnormally secreted hepatic apo C3 in promoting aortic inflammation.
Notes on Baudelaire's Parisian Tableaux (1939)
Authors: Benjamin Walter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Walter Benjamin's largely forgotten paper “Notes on Baudelaire's Parisian Tableaux,” written originally in French and translated into English for the first time here, was delivered at the Abbaye de Pontigny in May of 1939. It is a probable candidate for what he would have presented to the College of Sociology, organized by Georges Bataille and Roger Caillois in Paris, if the war had not cut things short. In this essay, Benjamin slightly diverges from his other work on Charles Baudelaire's poetry, focusing on allusions to the big city and its ethical, political, and social effects on modern subjectivity, as distilled by the Parisian Tableaux cycle in The Flowers of Evil and the Little Poems in Prose and Flares. He considers most notably how the writer's social role is called into question once the work ethic of bourgeois society establishes hegemony. If Baudelaire becomes the emblem of the modern writer who is deprived of identity and condemned to solitude, “désœuvré,” or “out of work,” as Benjamin puts it in a turn of phrase that resonates with Bataille and later Maurice Blanchot, then it is because he draws the material of his verse from this experience of social isolation and abandonment as a flaneur in the midst of the crowd. Benjamin proposes that Baudelaire's images of the crowd, in showing how the modern city dweller is subjected to cruel and dehumanizing mechanisms of homogenization under capitalism, anticipate the governmental management, formation, and control of mass populations by dictators and fascist regimes leading up to the Second World War.
Creation and Decreation in Tacita Dean's Antigone
Authors: Trodd Tamara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
“Creation and Decreation in Tacita Dean's Antigone” explores Dean's major film of 2018, Antigone, in relation to themes of world-making and “decreation.” Situating Antigone as a companion piece to Dean's Event for a Stage (2015), the essay also examines the theme of solar eclipse in the work in relation to the artist's wider oeuvre in terms of a career-long pursuit of the sun and her development of a photological aesthetics. Through examination of treatments of the Antigone material in the work of authors including George Steiner, Anne Carson, Judith Butler, and Virginia Woolf, the essay explores the political significance of the Antigone myth in terms of the individual's relationship to others and to the state, as well as to arguments concerning queer kinship structures, and shows the ways in which Dean develops these implications in her film.
Performing Moral Authority
Authors: Weber Charlotte 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania (ELCT) has repeatedly positioned itself against homosexuality in the past, declaring it to be ‘un-Biblical’ and ‘un-African’. In this paper I investigate how the Church’s relationship to the Tanzanian government has motivated it to politicize the topic of homosexuality. It is the Church’s concern with its own moral authority that emerges as the key factor here. At times, the ELCT has been driven by fear of being identified as infiltrating society with immoral acts, possibly losing political privileges in the process. At other times it has capitalized on the societal resentment of homosexuality to bolster its moral capital vis-à-vis the government. I will show in this paper that the politicization of homosexuality pressures both the Church and the government into repeatedly performing their moral authority. This in turn contributes to the ongoing demonization of homosexuality in the country—a circle of politicized homophobia.
Rip Van Winkle in the Rainforest
Authors: Price Richard , Price Sally 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article reports on a several-week-long visit to Upper River Saamaka by two anthropologists who had been absent from the area for 45 years. They witnessed significant changes in transportation, communication, village layout, education, clothing, agriculture, ritual life, and sex roles. They also report on central government encroachment, illegal logging, Saamaka political resistance, and depopulation due to migration to the capital and to neighboring French Guiana.
Outcomes of Cochlear Implantation in Adolescents With Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder: Scoping Review and Case Report
Authors: Kowkuntla Sandeep , Cathers Phillip , Chisolm Paul , Geng Xue , Jones Laura , Hoa Michael 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To assess outcomes of CI in adolescent patients with ANSD, a population which has not yet been comprehensively reviewed through a scoping review. Methods: A scoping review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane DSR, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of Science was performed. Cohort and case studies evaluating outcomes of CI in adolescents with ANSD were selected. A case report of an adolescent ANSD patient who underwent CI from our tertiary care academic hospital setting is also reported. Results: Our search identified a total of 17 articles after screening 488 articles. Among the 24 patients isolated from the selected articles, the vast majority showed some level of improvement in their hearing ability (n = 21, 87.5%). Additionally, of the 20 individuals whose hearing outcomes had a comparison cohort of subjects under 10 years old, nearly half showed better or similar levels of hearing improvement (n = 9, 45%). Conclusions: Adolescents with ANSD receiving CI have notable improvements in hearing outcomes, but to a lesser degree than younger cohorts with ANSD. As such, CI should be considered as a valid treatment option for adolescents with ANSD. However, the benefit of such intervention has a wide variability, presumably based on the different pathologies that can cause their hearing loss and not necessarily the age at implantation.
First, Do No Harm (to the One You Train)
Authors: Brewer Eberly J. , Frush Benjamin W. 
Published: January 2025

Primum non nocere or “first, do no harm” is perhaps the most well-known aphorism in the culture of medical education. While its application to patients is well known, the injunction can also be read with medical trainees in mind. Teaching physicians have an obligation to recognize their role as moral teachers and coaches, who must consider “first, do no harm” not only when considering their patients but also when weighing the moral formation of their trainees, especially in a season in which medical educators are attempting to clarify the “harms” of medical training. This multi-valent vision of “first, do no harm” offers an alternative way to frame the contemporary difficulties of medical education while inviting a more candid, nuanced discourse between teachers and learners about the experiences of medical training, in which it can be difficult to discern between that which is truly harm and that which is merely “hard.” For those situations in which it is unclear—or indeed when harm is unavoidable—it may be through communal practices of reharmonization, reincorporation, and “reharm” that master educators might learn to tell the story of good medicine with their trainees anew, fostering moral articulacy for the trainees to whom they must also “first, do no harm.” Summary Primum non nocere or “first, do no harm” is among the most well-known proverbs in medical education. While its application to patients is well known, the injunction can also be read with medical trainees in mind. Teaching physicians might consider “first, do no harm” not only when considering their patients but also when considering the moral formation of their trainees. In a season when medical educators are attempting to clarify the “harms” of medical training, this reading can invite a more candid, nuanced discourse between teachers and learners about the experiences of medical training.
Unilateral Market Power in Financial Transmission Rights Auctions
Authors: O’Keefe Matthew 
Published: January 2025

This paper explores market participants’ incentives to exercise unilateral market power in financial transmission rights (FTR) auctions. I present a model of strategic bidding in FTR auctions that illustrates how the standard market clearing mechanism for FTR auctions facilitates cross-path competition, limiting the profitability of demand reduction. Simulation evidence suggests that this force can dramatically reduce rents from unilateral market power relative to other sources of auction revenue shortfalls, highlighting potential adverse effects from proposed market reforms such as decentralized FTR sales and bidding-path restrictions that may weaken cross-path competition. JEL Classification: D44, D47, Q49
The benefit of additional embolization after perioperative balloon occlusion of pelvic artery during cesarean hysterectomy in placenta accreta spectrum
Authors: Feinggumloon Sasikorn , Hansahiranwadee Wirada , Panpikoon Tanapong , Buangam Chinnarat , Pichitpichatkul Kaewpitcha , Chansanti Orapin , Treesit Tharintorn 
Published: January 2025

Background Cesarean hysterectomy in the placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) remains challenging due to difficulty in controlling perioperative bleeding. Purpose To compare the effectiveness and safety of perioperative balloon occlusion with versus without pelvic artery embolization in PAS women who underwent a cesarean hysterectomy. Material and Methods A total of 26 pathological confirmed cases of PAS were retrospectively reviewed and categorized into two groups: perioperative balloon occlusion at either the anterior division of the internal iliac artery or uterine artery followed by gelfoam embolization (n = 12, study group) and perioperative balloon occlusion alone (n = 14, control group). Intraoperative estimated blood loss (EBL), a unit of packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion, surgical time, transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU), postoperative hospitalization days, postoperative complications, and Apgar scores were compared between the two groups. Results The median and interquartile range (IQR) intraoperative EBL in the study group (1200 mL [700–2100 mLl]) was significantly lower compared to those in the control group (1900 mL [1300–3200 mL]) ( P = 0.044). There was no significant difference between the study and control groups in units of pRBC blood transfusion, surgical time, transfer to the ICU, postoperative length of stay, postoperative complications, and mean Apgar score at 1 min and 5 min. Conclusion The perioperative combination of balloon occlusion followed by embolization of the pelvic artery before cesarean hysterectomy is more effective in reducing blood loss than perioperative balloon occlusion alone in PAS with no difference in postoperative complications or neonatal outcomes.