bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anwendungsberichte über den Einsatz der Mixed Reality in der Aus- und Weiterbildung technischer Fachkräfte
Authors: Liewald Mathias , Hönig Jana , Schade Jochen , Weber Angelika , Clauß Philipp , von Bergen Timm , Schnierle Marc , Röck Sascha 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Methoden der Mixed Reality (MR) bieten mit deren immersiven und intuitiven Visualisierungs- und Interaktionsformen vielfältige Potenziale in der Wissensvermittlung an Universitäten, Hochschulen sowie beruflichen Schulen. In diesem Beitrag werden praxisorientierte Mehrwerte für die Aus- und Weiterbildung technischer Fachkräfte aufgezeigt, die durch die Kopplung von Mixed Reality-Methoden mit Digitalen Zwillingen zur Mixed-Reality-in-the-Loop Simulation (MRiLS) ermöglicht werden. Das Institut für Umformtechnik der Universität Stuttgart thematisiert den praxisorientierten Einsatz der MRiLS in der universitären Lehre im Bereich der Umformtechnik, während das Virtual Automation Lab der Hochschule Esslingen die Mehrwerte der MRiLS in der Hochschulbildung vorstellt. Abschließend zeigt die gewerbliche Max-Eyth-Schule Kirchheim unter Teck die Potenziale der MRiLS in der beruflichen Aus- und Weitbildung im Bereich Robotik auf.
Teachers’ Research Thinking
Authors: Willison John 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn a world of unpredictable change, we need preservice and in-service school teachers, and university educators who can respond dynamically to students’ diverse needs and the evolving demands on their lives. In this book, research thinking is used as an umbrella term for the raft of skills associated with such responsive teaching. Research thinking is needed so that teachers are both able to react quickly to contingencies and systematically adapt their practice through consolidation and change. The chapters of this book show how responsive research thinking in its various guises can help Preservice Teachers, In-Service Teachers, and University Educators to consolidate, change and connect through each chapter’s use of the Research Skill Development (RSD) conceptual framework. This chapter outlines the need for teachers’ research thinking, the nature of the RSD framework and what research thinking looks like with reference to the framework. This chapter then overviews how each chapter contributes to the book’s theme of research thinking for responsive teaching before concluding with implications of the book for educational theory and practice.
High School Student Experiences of Teacher Research Thinking
Authors: Home Jason , Snelling Tom , Willison John 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis chapter reports a Participant Observation study of a teacher’s explicit facilitation of student research skills in a combined Year 9/10 subject that was designed to prepare students for a subsequent year-long Research Project. The Research Skill Development framework was used by the teacher to inform his planning for students’ learning when they conducted their research. The setting is a geographically remote Kindergarten to Year 12 school in Australia, with very limited resources. The data, collected by a Preservice Teacher, is presented as research vignettes, stories of student engagement in the classroom. The focus of the vignettes and subsequent discussion is the teacher’s research thinking and students’ experiences of the development of their research skills in the classroom.
Preservice Teachers’ Use of Social Media for the Development of Their Research Skills
Authors: Mataniari Raissa , Johari Asni , Rusdi Muhammad , Hariyadi Bambang , Matthiesen Finn Kristen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the facilitation of preservice teachers’ (PSTs’) research thinking through the use of social media for designing their future lessons. In this study of 64 undergraduate PSTs in a second-year biology unit, the PSTs identified, reported and researched plants using Instagram. In the unit, the Research Skill Development (RSD) framework was integrated with social media-based learning in order to guide PSTs into research skills-rich activities, to frame assessment and feedback and to evaluate the impact of social media-based learning on the PSTs. This research aimed to develop PSTs’ research skills through the use of Instagram and determine the effectiveness of the approach. This chapter promotes digital learning strategies for interactive learning through widely used online platforms. Outcomes of the study suggest potential for PSTs, as future curriculum designers, to innovate with social media-based interactive instructional design models that enable improvements in their teaching-oriented research skills.
A string-theoretical analog of non-maximal chaos in some Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev-like models
Authors: Tian Chushun , Ma Chen , Chen Jin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Very recently two of the present authors have studied the chaos exponent of some Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK)-like models for arbitrary interaction strength [1]. These models carry supersymmetric (SUSY) or SUSY-like structures. Namely, bosons and Majorana fermions are both present and each of them interacts with (q − 1) particles, but the model is not necessarily supersymmetric. It was found that the chaos exponents in different models, no matter whether they carry SUSY(-like) structures or not, all follow a universal single-parameter scaling law for large q, and by tuning that parameter continuously a flow from maximally chaotic to completely regular motion results. Here we report a string-theoretical analog of this chaotic phenomenon. Specifically, we consider closed string scattering near the two-sided AdS black hole, whose amplitude grows exponentially in the Schwarzschild time, with a rate determined by the Regge spin of the Pomeron exchanged during string scattering. We calculate the Pomeron Regge spin for strings of different types, including the bosonic string, the type II superstring and the heterotic superstring. We find that the Pomeron Regge spin also displays a single-parameter scaling behavior independent of string types, with the parameter depending on the string length and the length scale characterizing the spacetime curvature; moreover, the scaling function has the same limiting behaviors as that for the chaos exponent of SYK-like models. Remarkably, the flow from maximally chaotic to completely regular motion in SYK-like models corresponds to the flow of the Pomeron Regge spin from 2 to 1.
Combinatorial regulation by ERK1/2 and CK1δ protein kinases leads to HIF-1α association with microtubules and facilitates its symmetrical distribution during mitosis
Authors: Arseni Christina , Samiotaki Martina , Panayotou George , Simos George , Mylonis Ilias 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is the key transcriptional mediator of the cellular response to hypoxia and is also involved in cancer progression. Regulation of its oxygen-sensitive HIF-1α subunit involves post-translational modifications that control its stability, subcellular localization, and activity. We have previously reported that phosphorylation of the HIF-1α C-terminal domain by ERK1/2 promotes HIF-1α nuclear accumulation and stimulates HIF-1 activity while lack of this modification triggers HIF-1α nuclear export and its association with mitochondria. On the other hand, modification of the N-terminal domain of HIF-1α by CK1δ impairs HIF-1 activity by obstructing the formation of a HIF-1α/ARNT heterodimer. Investigation of these two antagonistic events by expressing double phospho-site mutants in HIF1A−/− cells under hypoxia revealed independent and additive phosphorylation effects that can create a gradient of HIF-1α subcellular localization and transcriptional activity. Furthermore, modification by CK1δ caused mitochondrial release of the non-nuclear HIF-1α form and binding to microtubules via its N-terminal domain. In agreement, endogenous HIF-1α could be shown to co-localize with mitotic spindle microtubules and interact with tubulin, both of which were inhibited by CK1δ silencing or inhibition. Moreover, CK1δ expression was necessary for equal partitioning of mother cell-produced HIF-1α to the daughter cell nuclei at the end of mitosis. Overall, our results suggest that phosphorylation by CK1δ stimulates the association of non-nuclear HIF-1α with microtubules, which may serve as a means to establish a symmetric distribution of HIF-1α during cell division under low oxygen conditions.
CE-MS/MS and CE-timsTOF to separate and characterize intramolecular disulfide bridges of monoclonal antibody subunits and their application for the assessment of subunit reduction protocols
Authors: Schairer Jasmin , Römer Jennifer , Lang Dietmar , Neusüß Christian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCharacterization at the subunit level enables detailed mass spectrometric characterization of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The implemented reduction often leaves the intramolecular disulfide bridges intact. Here, we present a capillary electrophoretic (CE) method based on a neutral-coated capillary for the separation of immunoglobulin G-degrading enzyme of Streptococcus pyogenes (IdeS) digested and reduced mAb subunits followed by mass spectrometry (MS), MS/MS identification, and trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry (timsTOF). Our CE approach enables the separation of (i) different subunit moieties, (ii) various reduction states, and (iii) positional isomers of these partly reduced subunit moieties. The location of the remaining disulfide bridges can be determined by middle-down electron transfer higher energy collisional dissociation (EThcD) experiments. All these CE-separated variants show differences in ion mobility in the timsTOF measurements. Applying the presented CE-MS/MS method, reduction parameters such as the use of chaotropic salts were studied. For the investigated antibodies, urea improved the subunit reduction significantly, whereas guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) leads to multiple signals of the same subunit in the CE separation. The presented CE-MS method is a powerful tool for the disulfide-variant characterization of mAbs on the subunit level. It enables understanding disulfide bridge reduction processes in antibodies and potentially other proteins.
How body postures affect gaze control in scene viewing under specific task conditions
Authors: Backhaus Daniel , Engbert Ralf 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGaze movements during visual exploration of natural scenes are typically investigated with the static picture viewing paradigm in the laboratory. While this paradigm is attractive for its highly controlled conditions, limitations in the generalizability of the resulting findings to more natural viewing behavior have been raised frequently. Here, we address the combined influences of body posture and viewing task on gaze behavior with the static picture viewing paradigm under free viewing as a baseline condition. We recorded gaze data using mobile eye tracking during postural manipulations in scene viewing. Specifically, in Experiment 1, we compared gaze behavior during head-supported sitting and quiet standing under two task conditions. We found that task affects temporal and spatial gaze parameters, while posture produces no effects on temporal and small effects on spatial parameters. In Experiment 2, we further investigated body posture by introducing four conditions (sitting with chin rest, head-free sitting, quiet standing, standing on an unstable platform). Again, we found no effects on temporal and small effects on spatial gaze parameters. In our experiments, gaze behavior is largely unaffected by body posture, while task conditions readily produce effects. We conclude that results from static picture viewing may allow predictions of gaze statistics under more natural viewing conditions, however, viewing tasks should be chosen carefully because of their potential effects on gaze characteristics.
Danger Zones of the Gluteal Anatomy: Improving the Safety Profile of the Gluteal Fat Grafting
Authors: Seabra Robalo Gomes Jorge Ana Cristina , Feng You-Shan , Santos Stahl Adelana , Grözinger Gerd , Nikolaou Konstantin , Glanemann Matthias , Daigeler Adrien , Stahl Stéphane 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Knowledge of the vascular anatomy is critical to performing safe gluteal surgery. To date, only the course of the main blood vessels within the muscles has been outlined. These findings are based on MRI and CTA images that do not conform to a topographically standardized and normalized probability distribution.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to develop a three-dimensional mapping of the gluteal zones of high vascular density in relation to anatomical landmarks.

Materials and Methods
This single-center retrospective cohort analysis comprised all consecutive patients who underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans between January 2016 and October 2021. The location of blood vessels in the gluteal region was allometrically normalized in relation to anatomical landmarks. Moreover, the caliber and area of the blood vessels were assessed.

Results
CBCT scans of 32 patients with an average age of 64 ± 12 years (range 34–87 years) were included. Fifty-three percent were female. The median [IQR] caliber of the intramuscular gluteal vessels was 1.47 [1.15–1.88] mm, significantly greater than that of the subcutaneous vessels 1.09 [0.72–1.44] mm (p < 0.001). Vascular density was higher intramuscularly, as 4.5% of the area of the muscle was occupied by blood vessels, as opposed to 0.3% in the adipose tissue.

Conclusion
The analysis of the CBCT scans showed a higher vascular density and larger vessels intramuscularly. We, therefore, recommend the injection of autologous fat merely to the subcutaneous plane.

Level of Evidence II
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Glucocorticoid discontinuation rate and risk factors for relapses in a contemporary cohort of patients with giant cell arteritis
Authors: Tsalapaki Christina , Lazarini Argyro , Argyriou Evaggelia , Dania Vassiliki , Boki Kyriaki , Evangelatos Gerasimos , Iliopoulos Alexios , Pappa Maria , Sfikakis Petros P. , Tektonidou Maria G. , Georgountzos Athanasios , Kaltsonoudis Euripidis , Voulgari Paraskevi , Drosos Alexandros A. , Theotikos Evaggelos , Papagoras Charalampos , Dimitroulas Theodoros , Garyfallos Alexandros , Kataxaki Evaggelia , Vosvotekas Georgios , Boumpas Dimitrios , Hadziyannis Emilia , Vassilopoulos Dimitrios 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rates of relapses and therapy discontinuation in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) in the modern therapeutic era have not been defined. We aimed to evaluate the glucocorticoid (GC) discontinuation rate and the factors associated with relapses in a contemporary GCA cohort. Patient and treatment data were collected cross-sectionally at first evaluation and 2 years later (second evaluation), in a multicenter, prospective GCA cohort. Predictors of relapses were identified by logistic regression analyses. 243 patients with GCA were initially included (67% women, mean age at diagnosis: 72.1 years, median disease duration: 2 years) while 2 years later complete data for 160 patients were available and analyzed. All patients had received GCs at diagnosis (mean daily prednisolone dose: 40 mg) while during follow-up, 37% received non-biologic and 16% biologic agents, respectively. At second evaluation, 72% of patients were still on therapy (GCs: 58% and/or GC-sparing agents: 29%). Relapses occurred in 27% of patients during follow-up; by multivariable logistic regression analysis, large vessel involvement at diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) = 4.22], a cardiovascular event during follow-up (OR = 4.60) and a higher initial GC daily dose (OR = 1.04), were associated with these relapses. In this large, real-life, contemporary GCA cohort, the rates of GC discontinuation and relapses were 40% and 27%, respectively. Large vessel involvement, a higher GC dose at diagnosis and new cardiovascular events during follow-up were associated with relapses.
Topographic analysis of local OCT biomarkers which predict progression to atrophy in age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Manafi Navid , Mahmoudi Alireza , Emamverdi Mehdi , Corradetti Giulia , Corona Stephanie Trejo , Wykoff Charles C. , Sadda SriniVas R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To define optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers that precede the development of complete retinal pigment epithelium and outer retinal atrophy (cRORA) at that location in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods
In this retrospective case–control study, patients with dry AMD who had evidence of cRORA and OCT data available for 4 years (48 ± 4 months) prior to the first visit with evidence of cRORA were included. The visit 4 years prior to the development of cRORA was defined as the baseline visit, and the region on the OCT B-scans of future cRORA development was termed the case region. A region in the same eye at the same distance from the foveal center as the case region that did not progress to cRORA was selected as the control region. OCT B-scans at the baseline visit through both the case and control regions were evaluated for the presence of soft and cuticular drusen, drusen with hyporeflective cores (hcD), drusenoid pigment epithelial detachments (PED), subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD), thick and thin double-layer signs (DLS), intraretinal hyperreflective foci (IHRF), and acquired vitelliform lesions (AVL).

Results
A total of 57 eyes of 41 patients with dry AMD and evidence of cRORA were included. Mean time from the baseline visit to the first visit with cRORA was 44.7 $$\pm$$
±
6.5 months. The presence of soft drusen, drusenoid PED, AVL, thin DLS, and IHRF at the baseline visit was all associated with a significantly increased risk of cRORA at that location. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that IHRF (OR, 8.559; p < 0.001), drusenoid PED (OR, 7.148; p = 0.001), and a thin DLS (OR, 3.483; p = 0.021) were independent predictors of development of cRORA at that location.

Conclusions
IHRF, drusenoid PED, and thin DLS are all local risk factors for the development of cRORA at that same location. These findings would support the inclusion of these features within a more granular staging system defining specific steps in the progression from early AMD to atrophy.
Reclassifying BRCA1 c.4358-2A > G and BRCA2 c.475 + 5G > C variants from “Uncertain Significance” to “Pathogenic” based on minigene assays and clinical evidence
Authors: Ning Ying , Zhang Yu , Tian Tian , Chen Yu , Wang Jia , Lei Ke , Cui Zhumei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Pathogenic variants in BRCA genes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Intronic variants of uncertain significance (VUS) may contribute to pathogenicity by affecting splicing. Currently, the significance of many intronic variants in BRCA has not been clarified, impacting patient treatment strategies and the management of familial cases.

Method
A retrospective study was conducted to analyze BRCA intronic VUS in a cohort of 707 unrelated ovarian cancer patients at a single institution from 2018 to 2023. Three splicing predictors were employed to analyze detected intronic VUS. Variants predicted to have splicing alterations were selected for further validation through minigene assays. Patient and familial investigations were conducted to comprehend cancer incidence within pedigrees and the application of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) by the patients. In accordance with the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the intronic VUS were reclassified based on minigene assay results and clinical evidence.

Result
Approximately 9.8% (69/707) of patients were identified as carriers of 67 different VUS in BRCA1/2, with four intronic variants accounting for 6% (4/67) of all VUS. Splicing predictors indicated potential splicing alterations in splicing for BRCA1 c.4358-2A>G and BRCA2 c.475+5G>C variants. Minigene assays utilizing the pSPL3 exon trapping vector revealed that these variants induced changes in splicing sites and frameshift, resulting in premature termination of translation (p. Ala1453Glyfs and p. Pro143Glyfs). According to ACMG guidelines, BRCA1 c.4358-2A>G and BRCA2 c.475+5G>C were reclassified as pathogenic variants. Pedigree investigations were conducted on patients with BRCA1 c.4358-2A>G variant, and the detailed utilization of PARPi provided valuable insights into research on PARPi resistance.

Conclusion
Two intronic VUS were reclassified as pathogenic variants. A precise classification of variants is crucial for the effective treatment and management of both patients and healthy carriers.
Non-linear effects of non-host diversity on the removal of free-living infective stages of parasites
Authors: Welsh Jennifer E. , Markovic Mirjana , van der Meer Jaap , Thieltges David W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAmong the ecological functions and services of biodiversity is the potential buffering of diseases through dilution effects where increased biodiversity results in a reduction in disease risk for humans and wildlife hosts. Whether such effects are a universal phenomenon is still under intense debate and diversity effects are little studied in cases when non-host organisms remove free-living parasite stages during their transmission from one host to the next by consumption or physical obstruction. Here, we investigated non-host diversity effects on the removal of cercarial stages of trematodes, ubiquitous parasites in aquatic ecosystems. In laboratory experiments using response surface designs, varying both diversity and density at same time, we compared three combinations of two non-hosts at four density levels: predatory crabs that actively remove cercariae from the water column via their mouth parts and gills, filter feeding oysters that passively filter cercariae from the water column while not becoming infected themselves, and seaweed which physically obstructs cercariae. The addition of a second non-host did not generally result in increased parasite removal but neutralised, amplified or reduced the parasite removal exerted by the first non-host, depending on the density and non-host combination. These non-linear non-host diversity effects were probably driven by intra- and interspecific interactions and suggest the need to integrate non-host diversity effects in understanding the links between community diversity and infection risk.