bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A best practice for gamification in large companies: An extensive study focusing inter-generational acceptance
Authors: Caserman Polona , Baumgartner Kim Annabell , Göbel Stefan , Korn Oliver 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGamification is increasingly successful in the field of education and health. However, beyond call-centers and applications in human resources, its utilization within companies remains limited. In this paper, we examine the acceptance of gamification in a large company (with over 17,000 employees) across three generations, namely X, Y, and Z. Furthermore, we investigate which gamification elements are suited for business contexts, such as the dissemination of company principles and facts, or the organization of work tasks. To this end, we conducted focus group discussions, developed the prototype of a gamified company app, and performed a large-scale evaluation with 367 company employees. The results reveal statistically significant intergenerational disparities in the acceptance of gamification: younger employees, especially those belonging to Generation Z, enjoy gamification more than older employees and are most likely to engage with a gamified app in the workplace. The results further show a nuanced range of preferences regarding gamification elements: avatars are popular among all generations, badges are predominantly appreciated by Generations Z and Y, while leaderboards are solely liked by Generation Z. Drawing upon these insights, we provide recommendations for future gamification projects within business contexts. We hope that the results of our study regarding the preferences of the gamification elements and understanding generational differences in acceptance and usage of gamification will help to create more engaging and effective apps, especially within the corporate landscape.
Corrosion Behaviors of Ni–Cr Alloys in O2, H2O and H2O + O2 Gases at 700°C and the Effect of Temperature
Authors: Chen Jiarui , Jiang Chengyang , Zhang Jianqiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPure nickel and four binary Ni–Cr (5, 10, 20 and 30 wt%) alloys were exposed to Ar–20O2, Ar–20O2–20H2O and Ar–20H2O (vol.%) at 700°C. In dry and wet O2, three Ni–Cr alloys (5, 10 and 20 wt%) formed a three-layered structure: an external NiO layer, an inner oxide layer of NiO + Cr2O3 and an internal oxidation zone (IOZ) with Cr2O3 dispersed. The Ni–30Cr alloy formed a continuous chromia layer, with locally outer NiO islands. In pure water vapor, all alloys underwent internal oxidation, nickel metal expulsion and NiO formation. Compared with the results at 650°C, increasing the temperature to 700°C did not alter the morphology of the oxide scale, but enhanced the scale growth kinetics. A significant difference between these two temperatures was that the strong retarding effect of water vapor on NiO formation in oxygen at 650°C became insignificant at 700°C. However, in water vapor only condition, NiO formation remained much slower at both temperatures. The effects of water vapor and oxygen partial pressure on NiO formation of different alloys and the effect of temperature on scale growth kinetics and morphology were discussed.
Stressful life events and depression and fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional analysis of an international cohort
Authors: Reece Jeanette C. , Neate Sandra L. , Davenport Rebekah A. , Milanzi Elasma , Nag Nupur , Bevens William , Yu Maggie , Jelinek George A. , Simpson-Yap Steve 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Relationships between stressful life events (SLEs) and health outcomes in people living with multiple sclerosis (plwMS), beyond relapse, are not well-established. We examined associations between SLEs and fatigue and symptoms of depression in plwMS.

Methods
948 participants were queried whether they had experienced any of the 16 SLEs (Holmes–Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale) in the preceding 12 months. SLEs were summated to estimate SLE number and SLE load (weighted for the degree of associated stress). Cross-sectional associations between SLE (number, load and individual) and fatigue, and depressive symptoms were examined using log-binomial or log-multinomial regression adjusted for age, sex, relapse symptoms, education, MS type at baseline, disability, fatigue, comorbidity, depression, and antidepressant/antifatigue medications, as appropriate. Sub-analyses restricted to SLEs with a negative emotional impact were performed.

Results
Median SLE number and load were 2 (IQR 1–2) and 57 (IQR 28–97), respectively. SLE number and load were not associated with a higher prevalence of fatigue, or depressive symptoms, even when restricting analyses to SLEs with a perceived negative emotional impact. A new relationship or family member with a negative impact was associated with a threefold and 2.5-fold higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, respectively. Serious illness was associated with a 28% higher prevalence of depressive symptoms.

Conclusion
Psychological support for SLEs, and/or intervention targeted to SLE appraisal, may be beneficial in mitigating the adverse effects of SLEs with a perceived negative emotional impact on depressive symptoms in plwMS. Potential associations between serious illness and increased prevalence of depressive symptoms may warrant further investigation.
Nashian game theory is incompatible with quantum physics
Authors: Baczyk Michal , Fourny Ghislain 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe suggest to look at quantum measurement outcomes not through the lens of probability theory, but instead through decision theory. We introduce an original game-theoretical framework, model and algorithmic procedure where measurement scenarios are multiplayer games with a structure all observers agree on. Measurement axes and, newly, measurement outcomes are modeled as decisions with nature being an action-minimizing economic agent. We translate physical notions of causality, correlation, counterfactuals, and contextuality to particular aspects of game theory. We investigate the causal consistency of dynamic games with imperfect information from the quantum perspective and conclude that counterfactual dependencies should be distinguished from causation and correlation as a separate phenomenon of its own. Most significantly, we observe that game theory based on Nash equilibria stands in contradiction with a violation of Bell inequalities. Hence, we propose that quantum physics should be analyzed with non-Nashian game theory, the inner workings of which we demonstrate using our proposed model.
How Positive Activities Shape Emotional Exhaustion and Work-Life Balance: Effects of an Intervention via Positive Emotions and Boundary Management Strategies
Authors: Althammer Sarah Elena , Wöhrmann Anne Marit , Michel Alexandra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe positive-activity model (PAM) proposes how and for whom positive activity interventions work best. This article evaluates the effectiveness of a web-based self-regulation intervention that teaches participants positive activities. Over six weeks, participants engage in different positive activities to meet the particular challenges in flexible work designs (FWD) such as remote work or mobile work. In line with the PAM, we expected the intervention to decrease emotional exhaustion and increase satisfaction with work-life balance via increases in both positive emotions and boundary management. Moreover, individuals’ depressive symptoms were expected to moderate this relationship. In a randomized controlled trial, participants were assigned to a waitlist control group or an intervention group. Study participants received questionnaires before and after the intervention and at a four-week follow-up. The final sample included 288 participants (intervention group: n = 105; control group: n = 183). Results of mixed variance analyses were in line with our predictions. Findings indicate that the intervention is an effective tool for improving well-being and work-life balance for workers with FWD. Changes in positive emotions and boundary management explained intervention effects. The intervention was effective regardless of participants’ baseline level of depressive symptoms.
Identifying “sloppy” users in TMS through operation logs
Authors: Zhang Shaoyang , Wen Lian , Torrisi Geraldine , Li Jicheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA transportation management system (TMS) is an integral software system for modern logistics and transportation companies. It is crucial to evaluate the quality of a TMS objectively, a task that currently presents significant challenges to both the IT and logistics sectors. One approach to this evaluation is usage analysis. However, usage analysis is complicated by the presence of both diligent users who utilize the system correctly and 'sloppy' users who enter inaccurate data haphazardly. This inaccuracy hampers the success of the information system and obstructs effective decision-making. Thus, identifying and excluding data from such users is essential for an accurate and objective evaluation of a TMS. Yet, the focus has primarily been on identifying outliers, typically for security reasons, while the identification of 'sloppy' users has been overlooked. Against this context we propose a novel method—Log Evaluation through Operation Sequence Distribution (LEOSD). This method distinguishes between abnormal and normal usage of a TMS by analysing system-generated logs. LEOSD is highly efficient and lightweight, minimizing any disruption to ongoing operations. Our experiment, based on real logs gathered from the industry, supports our hypothesis, and shows that LEOSD is effective in identifying 'sloppy' users. The positive results attest to the efficacy and practicality of our proposed method.
Chirurgie des obstruktiven Defäkationssyndrom (ODS)
Authors: Steinemann Daniel C. , Nocera Fabio 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDas obstruktive Defäkationssyndrom (ODS) ist eine Erkrankung, bei der Patienten Schwierigkeiten haben, den Enddarm zu entleeren. Es kann verschiedene Ursachen haben, darunter anatomische Veränderungen oder funktionelle Störungen. Patienten klagen oft über Symptome wie verlängertes Pressen, häufigen Stuhlgang und unvollständige Entleerung. Die Diagnosestellung ist schwierig, da es fliessende Übergänge zu anderen Erkrankungen gibt. Die Diagnose basiert auf einer ausführlichen Krankengeschichte, körperlichen Untersuchungen und speziellen Untersuchungen wie der MR-Defäkographie und der anorektalen Manometrie. Die Wahl der Behandlung hängt von der Ursache und den Symptomen ab. Konservative Behandlungsoptionen sollten vor einer Operation ausgeschöpft werden. Bei Versagen der konservativen Therapie können verschiedene chirurgische Verfahren eingesetzt werden. Die minimal-invasive, laparoskopische oder robotische, ventrale netzverstärkte Rektopexie setzt sich zunehmend als Therapie der Wahl des strukturellen ODS durch.
On the socles of isotype and balanced submodules
Authors: Sikander Fahad , Begam Firdhousi , Fatima Tanveer 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we define a condition termed as cohesiveness on a submodule N of the socle of QTAG-module M, which is necessary for N to be the socle of an isotype submodule of M. It is proved here that for the countably generated submodule N, this condition is both necesaary and sufficient. We further define a restricted condition called as completely cohesiveness and shows that this condition is necessary and sufficient for a subsocle T of a QTAG-module which supports a balanced submodule of M.
Digital transformation and firm performance: a case study on China’s listed companies in 2009–2020
Authors: Chen Chuanglian , Zhang Yi , Wang Shudan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBased on a panel fixed effect model, our paper explores the impact of digital transformation on the operation efficiency of Chinese A-share listed enterprises during 2009–2020. It conducts related robustness tests, mechanism analysis, and heterogeneity analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of the intrinsic relationship between digitalization and firm performance. The empirical findings demonstrate that digital transformation has a significantly positive effect on firm performance. More specifically, rising digital transformation of enterprises leads to an improvement in their operation efficiency. The research further reveals that digital transformation mainly promotes the efficiency of capital-labor allocation, which in turn enhances firm performance. Overall, our study adds to the existing literature by offering empirical evidence on the relationship between digital transformation and enterprise operation efficiency, providing valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers.
Underwater computational imaging: a survey
Authors: Gu Zhaorui , Liu Xiuhan , Hu Zhiqiang , Wang Guoyu , Zheng Bing , Watson John , Zheng Haiyong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith the increasingly urgent demand for marine research and development, optical imaging technology remains crucial for underwater close-range information detection. However, the inherent obstacles of light transmission in strongly attenuating environments constitute a bottleneck that restricts the development of traditional optical imaging technology. Underwater computational imaging has emerged gradually, leveraging its cross-disciplinary advantages. It deeply couples optical system design with signal calculation and processing and has a high utilization rate of focusing information. It can achieve qualitative breakthroughs in imaging resolution, scale, dimension, and hardware convenience. However, existing work is mostly limited to the extension of free-space computational imaging techniques to underwater environments, lacking systematic research on common needs and key technologies. Therefore, it is essential to refine the connotation and advantages of underwater computational imaging technology, especially in combination with highly complex and nonlinear application scenarios, and to identify potential development space and breakthroughs.
Automatic SDG budget tagging: Building public financial management capacity through natural language processing
Authors: Guariso Daniele , Guerrero Omar A. , Castañeda Gonzalo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The “budgeting for SDGs”–B4SDGs–paradigm seeks to coordinate the budgeting process of the fiscal cycle with the sustainable development goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations. Integrating the goals into public financial management systems is crucial for an effective alignment of national development priorities with the objectives set in the 2030 Agenda. Within the dynamic process defined in the B4SDGs framework, the step of SDG budget tagging represents a precondition for subsequent budget diagnostics. However, developing a national SDG taxonomy requires substantial investment in terms of time, human, and administrative resources. Such costs are exacerbated in least-developed countries, which are often characterized by a constrained institutional capacity. The automation of SDG budget tagging could represent a cost-effective solution. We use well-established text analysis and machine learning techniques to explore the scope and scalability of automatic labeling budget programs within the B4SDGs framework. The results show that, while our classifiers can achieve great accuracy, they face limitations when trained with data that is not representative of the institutional setting considered. These findings imply that a national government trying to integrate SDGs into its planning and budgeting practices cannot just rely solely on artificial intelligence (AI) tools and off-the-shelf coding schemes. Our results are relevant to academics and the broader policymaker community, contributing to the debate around the strengths and weaknesses of adopting computer algorithms to assist decision-making processes.
Corals and a cephalopod from the Whirlpool Formation (latest Ordovician, Hirnantian), Hamilton, Ontario: biostratigraphic and biogeographic significance
Authors: Elias Robert J. , Hewitt Roger A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolitary rugose corals assigned to Streptelasma rutkae n. sp. and an annulated orthoconic cephalopod identified as Gorbyoceras sp. occur in nearshore shallow-marine sandstone of the Whirlpool Formation in Hamilton, southern Ontario. They are the first macrofossils contributing to a modern understanding of the age and correlation of this stratigraphic unit. Streptelasma rutkae most closely resembles S. subregulare (Savage, 1913), which occurs widely in the Edgewood Province of the east-central United States, in strata considered latest Ordovician (Hirnantian). Gorbyoceras ranges into the latest Katian (latest Richmondian) in the Cincinnati Arch region. Thus, the occurrences of S. rutkae and Gorbyoceras sp. support other biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic data suggesting that the Whirlpool Formation is latest Ordovician, rather than earliest Silurian as traditionally thought. They also indicate paleogeographic connections between the area of Whirlpool deposition in Ontario and the Edgewood Province and Cincinnati Arch region in the east-central United StatesUUID: http://zoobank.org/d1ded814-204d-4070-a469-52d3b6e259c7
Lyman-α at cosmic noon I: Lyα spectral type selection ofz∼ 2 – 3 Lyman break galaxies with broadband imaging
Authors: Foran Garry , Cooke Jeff , Reddy Naveen , Steidel Charles , Shapley Alice 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh-redshift Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) are efficiently selected in deep images using as few as three broadband filters, and have been shown to have multiple intrinsic and small- to large-scale environmental properties related to Lyman-$\alpha$. In this paper we demonstrate a statistical relationship between net Lyman-$\alpha$equivalent width (net Ly$\alpha$EW) and the optical broadband photometric properties of LBGs at$z\sim2$. We show that LBGs with the strongest net Ly$\alpha$EW in absorption (aLBGs) and strongest net Ly$\alpha$EW in emission (eLBGs) separate into overlapping but discrete distributions in$(U_n-\mathcal{R})$colour and$\mathcal{R}$-band magnitude space, and use this segregation behaviour to determine photometric selection criteria by which sub-samples with a desired Ly$\alpha$spectral type can be selected using data from as few as three broadband optical filters. We propose application of our result to current and future large-area and all-sky photometric surveys that will select hundreds of millions of LBGs across many hundreds to thousands of Mpc, and for which spectroscopic follow-up to obtain Ly$\alpha$spectral information is prohibitive. To this end, we use spectrophotometry of composite spectra derived from a sample of 798 LBGs divided into quartiles on the basis of net Ly$\alpha$EW to calculate selection criteria for the isolation of Ly$\alpha$-absorbing and Ly$\alpha$-emitting populations of$z\sim3$LBGs usingugribroadband photometric data from the Vera Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST).
Human rights and divine holiness
Authors: Vallier Kevin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTheists commonly hold that God endows humans with rights. Standard explanations draw on natural law theory or divine command theory. However, the natural law account does not give God a central role in explaining our rights, and the divine command account does not assign human nature a significant explanatory role. A successful theistic explanation of human rights must meet three conditions: (1) God must directly explain human rights; (2) human nature must also directly explain human rights; (3) this dual contribution must explain why morality forbids rights violations by grounding the deontic reasons associated with rights. I propose a holiness account of rights. On this view, God endows human nature with rights by making human nature holy, and God does so by fashioning humans with one of God's essential properties: the capacity to love. This theory satisfies all three conditions and explains the deontological character of rights.
Is language-of-thought the best game in the town we live?
Authors: Lupyan Gary 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
There are towns in which language-of-thought (LoT) is the best game. But do we live in one? I go through three properties that characterize the LoT hypothesis: Discrete constituents, role-filler independence, and logical operators, and argue that in each case predictions from the LoT hypothesis are a poor fit to actual human cognition. As a hypothesis of what human cognition ought to be like, LoT departs from empirical reality.
Is evidence of language-like properties evidence of a language-of-thought architecture?
Authors: Attah Nuhu Osman , Machery Edouard 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We argue that Quilty-Dunn et al.'s commitment to representational pluralism undermines their case for the language-of-thought hypothesis as the evidence they present is consistent with the operation of the other representational formats that they are willing to accept.
Linguistic meanings in mind
Authors: Wellwood Alexis , Hunter Tim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The target article focuses on evidence from nonlinguistic faculties to defend the claim that cognition generally traffics in language-of-thought (LoT)-type representations. This focus creates needed space to discuss the mounting accumulation of nonclassical evidence for LoT, but it also misses relevant work in linguistics that directly offers a perspective on specific hypotheses about candidate LoT representations.
Perception is iconic, perceptual working memory is discursive
Authors: Block Ned 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe evidence that the target article cites for language-of-thought (LoT) structure in perceptual object representations concerns perceptual working memory, not perception. Perception is iconic, not structured like an LoT. Perceptual working memory representations contain the remnants of iconic perceptual representations, often recoded, in a discursive envelope.
Do nonlinguistic creatures deploy mental symbols for logical connectives in reasoning?
Authors: Carey Susan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Some nonlinguistic systems of representation display some of the six features of a language-of-thought (LoT) delineated by Quilty-Dunn et al. But they conjecture something stronger: That all six features cooccur homeostatically in nonlinguistic thought. Here I argue that there is no good evidence for nonlinguistic deductive reasoning involving the disjunctive syllogism. Animals and prelinguistic children probably do not make logical inferences.
Natural logic and baby LoTH
Authors: Canudas-Grabolosa Irene , Martín-Salguero Ana , Bonatti Luca L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLanguage-of-thought hypothesis (LoTH) is having a profound impact on cognition studies. However, much remains unknown about its basic primitives and generative operations. Infant studies are fundamental, but methodologically very challenging. By distilling potential primitives from work in natural-language semantics, an approach beyond the corset of standard formal logic may be undertaken. Still, the road ahead is challenging and long.
A Wide-Enough Range of ‘Test Environments’ for Psychiatric Disabilities
Authors: Jeppsson Sofia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe medical and social model of disability is discussed and debated among researchers, scholars, activists, and people in general. It is common to hold a mixed view and believe that some disabled people suffer more from social obstacles and others more from medical problems inherent in their bodies or minds. Rachel Cooper discusses possible ‘test environments’, making explicit an idea which likely plays an implicit part in many disability discussions. We place or imagine placing the disabled person in a range of different environments. If there is a relevant test environment in which they do fine, their problem was societal/external; if there is not, it was medical/internal. Cooper admits that deciding on the appropriate range of test environments is an ethical and political question. In this chapter, I argue that we often ought to widen our scope when discussing psychiatric disabilities.