bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of the fatigue behavior of functionally graded materials: Study of the residual stresses induced by surface severe plastic deformation
Authors: Dureau Clément , Arzaghi Mandana , Grosdidier Thierry , Massion Roxane , Nadot Yves 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA new finite elements approach has been used to model the evolution of residual stresses during cyclic loading in functionally graded 316 L stainless steel, obtained by surface severe plastic deformation. The affected layer modeling was divided in two stages: the compressive residual stress state initialization and the update of the mechanical properties characteristic of the gradient microstructure determined from local characterization. The capacity of the model to simulate both the strain‐ and stress‐controlled fatigue behavior was evaluated, and a good consistency between the numerical and experimental results was obtained. Numerical residual stress fields were compared to the experimental measurements, and a very good agreement was observed. A mean error of approximately 65 MPa over all the compared data was measured. Especially, the relaxed and inverted residual stress gradient after the different testing conditions were nicely retrieved, indicating the capabilities of the newly proposed model.
Differential peripheral memory T cell subsets sensitively indicate the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Kado Akira , Tsutsumi Takeya , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Ikeuchi Kazuhiko , Okushin Kazuya , Moriya Kyoji , Koike Kazuhiko , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimDifferential patterns of peripheral memory T cell subsets in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were assessed using flow cytometry (FCM) to elucidate their association with NAFLD severity and provide a new noninvasive method to sensitively detect the disease severity in addition to existing biomarkers.MethodsWe assessed the differential frequencies of peripheral memory T cell subsets in 103 patients with NAFLD according to the degree of liver fibrosis (FIB) using FCM analysis. We focused on the following populations: CCR7+ CD45RA+ naïve T, CCR7+ CD45RA– central memory T cells (TCM), CCR7– CD45RA– effector memory T, and CCR7– CD45RA+ terminally differentiated effector memory T (TEMRA) cells in CD4+ and CD8+ T, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, respectively. To evaluate the pathological progression of the disease, these frequencies were also examined according to the degree of the NAFLD activity score (NAS).ResultsSeveral significant correlations were observed between laboratory parameters and peripheral memory T lymphocyte frequencies according to the degree of liver FIB and NAS in NAFLD. In univariate and multivariate analyses, the frequency of CD8+ TEMRA cells predicted severe FIB, and the predictive power was validated in an independent cohort. Furthermore, the frequencies of several memory T cell subsets sensitively indicated the pathological progression of NAFLD (Th17 TCM: steatosis, CD4+ TCM: lobular inflammation, and CD8+ TEMRA and effector memory T cells: hepatocellular ballooning).ConclusionsOur results suggest that the analysis of peripheral memory T lymphocyte frequencies can noninvasively predict severe FIB and sensitively indicate the pathological progression of NAFLD.
Impact of sex differences on the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis of Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Xuan Yuhao , Zhang Xiao , Wu Huaxun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSjögren's syndrome is a common chronic autoimmune disease that manifests as dry mouth, dry eyes and systemic complications. There are sex differences in the clinical manifestations between men and women, with the average age of onset being around 55 years and the majority of female patients developing the disease during the menopausal years. Understanding the impact of sex differences on SS may help in the treatment and prognosis of patients. Studies have confirmed that a number of factors are associated with the onset of SS, but the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. Sex hormones (especially oestrogens and androgens) play a very important role, and the balance of sex hormone levels in the body is crucial for maintaining homeostasis in the acinar cells of the lacrimal and salivary glands. In addition, chromosomes play a very important role in the sex differences in SS. The gut microbiota also has some influence on sex differences in SS. In this review, we focus on oestrogens and androgens, which are important in the pathogenesis of SS, and summarize the progress of non‐clinical studies. Sex differences may influence differences in individualized treatment regimens and further studies are needed.
Comparative efficacy of silver alginate dressings versus standard gauze in enhancing wound healing post‐mastectomy for triple‐negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Qiang Kejiao , Jiang Hong , Xing Yuanyuan , Liang Xin , Luo Yangfei , Wu Xiao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis meta‐analysis evaluates the efficacy of silver alginate dressings (SAD) compared to standard gauze (SG) in enhancing wound healing and reducing scar formation post‐mastectomy in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer. From an initial pool of 1245 articles, five studies met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that SAD significantly improve early wound healing 1 week post‐mastectomy, as indicated by lower Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, and Approximation (REEDA) scales (I2 = 85%; Random: SMD: −7.08, 95% CI: −8.26 to −5.98, p < 0.01), compared to SG. Additionally, long‐term scar outcomes measured by the Manchester Scar Scale (MSS) 5 months post‐mastectomy showed a notable reduction in scar formation (I2 = 95%; Random: SMD: −12.97, 95% CI: −16.20 to −9.75, p < 0.01)) in the silver alginate group. The findings support the use of SAD in post‐mastectomy care for triple‐negative breast cancer patients but highlight the need for further research on long‐term safety and cost‐effectiveness.
Wound healing and postoperative management in paediatric patients following 27‐Gauge Transconjunctival Sutureless Vitrectomy for vitreoretinal conditions
Authors: WenTao Dong , SanMei Liu , Jie Li , Jie Zhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe utilization of 27‐G TSV, or 27‐Gauge Transconjunctival Sutureless Vitrectomy, poses distinct difficulties in the context of paediatric patients, particularly those younger than 14 years old, on account of the dearth of exhaustive documentation concerning the efficacy and results of these operations. Therefore, this retrospective study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 27‐G TSV in paediatric patients, with emphasis on management of intraoperative and postoperative complications and postoperative wound healing. A total of 54 eyes of 52 paediatric patients who underwent 27‐G TSV at Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital were included in the study. The average duration of follow‐up was 9.32 ± 3.35 months. The complication with the highest incidence rate was Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment (RRD), which was detected in 27.8% cases. Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) and Persistent Fetal Vasculature (PFV) each accounted for 16.7% of the cases. Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) and Vitreous Haemorrhage (VH) constituted 11.1% and 14.8%, respectively, of the reported cases. Lens injury (1.9%), cannula slippage (7.4%) and wound leakage (5.6%) were intraoperative complications. Iatrogenic retinal detachment occurred at 3.7%. Hypotony (10.8% of patients), vitreous haemorrhage (9.3%), cataract formation (9.3%), ocular hypertension (8.1%) and retinal detachment (5.6%) were postoperative complications. Effective management strategies were executed, such as performing in situ trocar puncture to address cannula slippage and promptly suturing to address wound leakage. 27‐G TSV exhibited promise as the therapeutic alternative for range of vitreoretinal disorders in paediatric patients, accompanied by complications that were controllable during and after the procedure. Strict preoperative planning and precise surgical technique are indispensable in order to maximize patient outcomes and guarantee effective wound healing and recovery within this particular demographic.
Utility of dexmedetomidine on surgical site wound pain undergoing thoracoscopic surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Mingzhu , Zhang Kaitian , Lu Huanqian , Liang Yuqiong , Zhang Yuling , Feng Guifeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe conducted this study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine in thoracoscopic surgery on postoperative wound pain, and to provide a reference for clinical use of the drug. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, and supplemented with manual searching. We searched from database inception to October 2023, to collect the randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on dexmedetomidine application in thoracoscopic surgery. Two researchers screened all the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the literature included in the study was evaluated for quality, extracted information and required data. Stata 17.0 software was employed for data analysis and the outcomes were 2 6, 12, 24 and 48 h postoperative wound visual analog scores (VAS). Twenty‐four RCTs totalling 2246 patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery were finally included. The analysis revealed dexmedetomidine applied to thoracoscopic surgery significantly reduced the postoperative wound VAS scores at 2 h (SMD: −0.96, 95% CI: −1.57 to −0.36, p = 0.002), 6 h (SMD: −0.98, 95% CI: −1.27 to −0.69, p < 0.001), 12 h (SMD: −1.19, 95% CI: −1.44 to −0.94, p < 0.001), 24 h (SMD: −0.91, 95% CI: −1.16 to −0.66, p < 0.001) and 48 h (SMD: −0.75, 95% CI: −1.02 to −0.48, p < 0.001). Our results suggest dexmedetomidine applied to thoracoscopic surgery can significantly reduce postoperative wound pain, which is worthy of clinical application.
Evaluating the impact of ultrasound‐guided subsheath versus extrasheath sciatic nerve block on postoperative wound pain in tibial and foot surgeries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yu Dongdong , Wang Xiaoyu , Jiang Li , Wu Yajing , Han Shuang , Li Jianli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluate the impact of ultrasound‐guided subsheath versus extrasheath sciatic nerve blocks on postoperative wound pain in tibial and foot surgeries, crucial for effective pain management and patient recovery. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, this study used a PICO framework, focusing on patients undergoing tibial and foot surgeries and comparing the efficacy and safety of subsheath and extrasheath sciatic nerve blocks. The literature search spanned four databases without time restrictions, assessing various outcomes like success rate, onset time, duration of analgesia and complication rates. Quality assessment employed the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool, and statistical analyses included heterogeneity assessment, fixed‐effect and random‐effects models, sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation using funnel plots and Egger's linear regression test. From an initial pool of 1213 articles, six met the inclusion criteria. The subsheath group showed a significantly higher success rate of complete sensory blockade within 30 min compared with the extrasheath group (OR = 5.39; 95% CI: 2.82–10.28; p < 0.01). No significant differences were found in procedure duration or incidence of nerve‐related complications between the two techniques. The subsheath approach also demonstrated a quicker onset time of sensory blockade (MD = −8.57; 95% CI: −11.27 to −5.88; p < 0.01). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the results, and no significant publication bias was detected. Ultrasound‐guided subsheath sciatic nerve blocks are more effective than extrasheath blocks in achieving rapid and complete sensory blockade for tibial and foot surgeries, with a quicker onset time and comparable safety profile. Subsheath injections are thus recommended as a preferred method for anaesthesia and postoperative pain management in these surgical procedures, enhancing overall patient outcomes.
The effect of learning strategies adopted in K12 schools on student learning in massive open online courses
Authors: Tang Shan , Lei Chi‐Un , Wei Hong Qiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundGiven students' lack of self‐directed learning skills and the growing concern about implementing massive online open courses (MOOCs) in K12 education, learning strategies are needed to facilitate MOOC learning. Many studies have provided different strategies for effective learning in MOOCs. However, there is still limited research to confirm whether these strategies effectively support MOOC learning when deployed by secondary schools, which are not MOOC developers.ObjectivesThis mixed‐method study examines the provision of different learning strategies, including a learning guide, an academic mentoring programme, a training workshop, and a reimbursement scheme, and investigates the impact of these strategies on student learning in MOOCs.MethodsThe study uses two data sources: (1) surveys with 40 participants and (2) semi‐structured interviews with 12 participants. The quantitative data were analysed with descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test, and the qualitative data were analysed with thematic analysis.Results and ConclusionThe findings indicate that MOOC learners had positive attitudes towards the overall school support, with mentoring enjoying great popularity amongst the students. In terms of the effectiveness of the school support, the mentoring programme and reimbursement scheme were more effective than the university training and learning guide. The paper discusses the implications for researchers and educators.
Exploration of the advanced preparation nurse‐mother role in care of children with chronic disease: A narrative inquiry
Authors: Metersky Kateryna , Tan Valerie , Al‐Hamad Areej , Catallo Cristina , Koller Donna , Patel Kiran 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the lived experience of advanced preparation nurses (APNs) who are mothers (APN‐mothers) as they seek care in the Emergency Department for a child with a chronic disease.DesignQualitative, Narrative Inquiry.MethodsNarrative Inquiry was used to examine critical self‐reflections of four (n = 4) APN‐mothers. Directed by a question guide, participants engaged in the Narrative Reflective Process through metaphoric and artistic means.ResultsParticipants identified salient challenges associated with their experiences. Narrative threads that emerged include feelings around being discovered, unfair expectations by healthcare providers, feelings of guilt and the tension from competing roles: APN and mother.ConclusionAPN‐mothers represent a unique population with enhanced knowledge, skills and judgement; however, they indicate that there is insufficient communication and interprofessional collaboration between parents and Emergency Department staff. Further research is needed to foster and improve therapeutic relationships between APN‐mothers and healthcare providers.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareFindings can inform the development of family centred care guidelines for healthcare professional parents and their children.ImpactThis study explores the experiences of an understudied population. This research will impact APN‐mothers, healthcare professionals in the Emergency Department as well as nursing students and researchers.Reporting MethodEQUATOR guidelines and SRQR reporting method used.Patient or Public ContributionAPN‐mothers, caregivers and support persons of children with chronic disease enacted investigator‐participant roles and were involved in each step of the study process. In addition, some patients (participants' children with chronic diseases) were included in data collected.
Insights into the chaotropic tolerance of the desert cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp. 029 (Chroococcidiopsales, Cyanobacteria)
Authors: Fagliarone Claudia , Fernandez Beatriz Gallego , Di Stefano Giorgia , Mosca Claudia , Billi Daniela 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe mechanism of perchlorate resistance of the desert cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp. CCMEE 029 was investigated by assessing whether the pathways associated with its desiccation tolerance might play a role against the destabilizing effects of this chaotropic agent. During 3 weeks of growth in the presence of 2.4 mM perchlorate, an upregulation of trehalose and sucrose biosynthetic pathways was detected. This suggested that in response to the water stress triggered by perchlorate salts, these two compatible solutes play a role in the stabilization of macromolecules and membranes as they do in response to dehydration. During the perchlorate exposure, the production of oxidizing species was observed by using an oxidant‐sensing fluorochrome and determining the expression of the antioxidant defense genes, namely superoxide dismutases and catalases, while the presence of oxidative DNA damage was highlighted by the over‐expression of genes of the base excision repair. The involvement of desiccation‐tolerance mechanisms in the perchlorate resistance of this desert cyanobacterium is interesting since, so far, chaotropic‐tolerant bacteria have been identified among halophiles. Hence, it is anticipated that desert microorganisms might possess an unrevealed capability of adapting to perchlorate concentrations exceeding those naturally occurring in dry environments. Furthermore, in the endeavor of supporting future human outposts on Mars, the identified mechanisms might contribute to enhance the perchlorate resistance of microorganisms relevant for biologically driven utilization of the perchlorate‐rich soil of the red planet.
Personality and public sector employment in Finland
Authors: Maczulskij Terhi , Viinikainen Jutta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUsing long‐term Finnish register data on labor market outcomes, we examine how personality traits predict the sorting of individuals into public and private sector employment. Our findings suggest that personality‐based sectoral sorting primarily occurs during the selection of educational fields. Once education and occupation are controlled for, public sector employment is negatively related to self‐confidence among males and extraversion among females. We also find that pecuniary incentives and shifts between the sectors may partly explain these relationships. Overall, our empirical results, combined with values that we use as theoretical mechanisms, suggest that values may serve as mediators explaining our results.
5. Sacroiliac joint pain
Authors: Szadek Karolina , Cohen Steven P. , de Andrès Ares Javier , Steegers Monique , Van Zundert Jan , Kallewaard Jan Willem 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionSacroiliac (SI) joint pain is defined as pain localized in the anatomical region of the SI joint. The reported prevalence of SI joint pain among patients with mechanical low back pain varies between 15% and 30%.MethodsIn this narrative review, the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of SI joint pain was updated and summarized.ResultsPatient's history provides clues on the source of pain. The specificity and sensitivity of provocative maneuvers are relatively high when three or more tests are positive, though recent studies have questioned the predictive value of single or even batteries of provocative tests. Medical imaging is indicated only to rule out red flags for potentially serious conditions. The diagnostic value of SI joint infiltration with local anesthetic remains controversial due to the potential for false‐positive and false‐negative results. Treatment of SI joint pain ideally consists of a multidisciplinary approach that includes conservative measures as first‐line therapies (eg, pharmacological treatment, cognitive‐behavioral therapy, manual medicine, exercise therapy and rehabilitation treatment, and if necessary, psychological support). Intra‐ and extra‐articular corticosteroid injections have been documented to produce pain relief for over 3 months in some people. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the L5 dorsal ramus and S1‐3 (or 4) lateral branches has been shown to be efficacious in numerous studies, with extensive lesioning strategies (eg, cooled RFA) demonstrating the strongest evidence. The reported rate of complications for SI joint treatments is low.ConclusionsSI joint pain should ideally be managed in a multidisciplinary and multimodal manner. When conservative treatment fails, corticosteroid injections and radiofrequency treatment can be considered.
The evolution history of an allotetraploid mangrove tree analysed with a new tool Allo4D
Authors: Wang Yuan , Li Yulong , Wu Weihong , Shao Shao , Fang Qi , Xu Shaohua , Guo Zixiao , Shi Suhua , He Ziwen 
Published: December 2023

SummaryMangrove species are broadly classified as true mangroves and mangrove associates. The latter are amphibious plants that can survive in the intertidal zone and reproduce naturally in terrestrial environments. Their widespread distribution and extensive adaptability make them ideal research materials for exploring adaptive evolution. In this study, we de novo assembled two genomes of mangrove associates (the allotetraploid Barringtonia racemosa (2n = 4x = 52) and diploid Barringtonia asiatica (2n = 2x = 26)) to investigate the role of allopolyploidy in the evolutionary history of mangrove species. We developed a new allotetraploid‐dividing tool Allo4D to distinguish between allotetraploid scaffold‐scale subgenomes and verified its accuracy and reliability using real and simulated data. According to the two subgenomes of allotetraploid B. racemosa divided using Allo4D, the allopolyploidization event was estimated to have occurred approximately one million years ago (Mya). We found that B. racemosa, B. asiatica, and Diospyros lotus shared a whole genome duplication (WGD) event during the K‐Pg (Cretaceous‐Paleozoic) period. K‐Pg WGD and recent allopolyploidization events contributed to the speciation of B. racemosa and its adaptation to coastal habitats. We found that genes in the glucosinolates (GSLs) pathway, an essential pathway in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses, expanded rapidly in B. racemosa during polyploidization. In summary, this study provides a typical example of the adaptation of allopolyploid plants to extreme environmental conditions. The newly developed tool, Allo4D, can effectively divide allotetraploid subgenomes and explore the evolutionary history of polyploid plants, especially for species whose ancestors are unknown or extinct.
Idiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation in a pediatric patient and a review of the literature
Authors: Dhami Ramneek K. , Handfield Chelsea , Johnson Emma F. , Tollefson Megha M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIdiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation (IEMP) is a rare, benign, self‐resolving melanosis consisting of hyperpigmented macules typically on the face, trunk, and extremities that can occur in children and adolescents and often presents a diagnostic conundrum. We report a case involving an 8‐year‐old female whose previous clinical presentation was concerning for an atypical presentation of cutaneous mastocytosis or neurofibromatosis. The clinical and histopathologic evaluation was consistent with the diagnosis of IEMP, and no active intervention was pursued. Our accompanying literature review serves to better characterize this condition, highlight key diagnostic features, and emphasize the tendency for spontaneous resolution to avoid unnecessary treatments with limited clinical efficacy.