bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HRM and performance: can partnership address the ethical dilemmas?
Authors: Guest David E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Human resource management has become established as a focus of study largely on the basis of two core propositions. The first is that people are a key source of competitive advantage for organizations (Barney 1991; Barney and Wright 1998;Wright, Dunford, and Snell 2001a) and, as such, should be properly managed. The second is that effective management of HR should result in demonstrably superior performance. These combined propositions have led to an interest in HRM among specialists in business strategy, concerned with the analysis of strategic choices about the most effective deployment of HR (Boxall and Purcell 2003). It has also begun to interest accountants and national policymakers, reflected in consideration of the management of human assets or human capital. The Kingsmill Report (2003) in the UK, titled Accounting For People, is one illustration of this. The government-sponsored Task Force that led to this report started from the assumption that if human assets are so important, the state of these assets should be systematically presented and explained in annual company reports.
HR managers as ethics agents of the state
Authors: Bennington Lynne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Corporate governance and ethics are hot topics in both the popular press and in the academic management literature. Codes of conduct are burgeoning yet we still hear about amazing corporate collapses in which senior management not only failed to comply with various laws but has even failed to comply with, or enforce, its own code of conduct (Meisinger 2002). These codes are often developed and maintained in HR departments, and HR practitioners are often responsible for management-level ethics awareness programmes (Wiley 2000). In general, though, HRM is rarely mentioned in any of the reports on ethical failures.
Ethical Leadership in Employee Development
Authors: Pinnington Ashly H , Bayraktaroglu Serkan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If HRM has an ethical purpose we argue it must involve more than ‘following’ the strategy of the business and likewise employee development means a lot more than developing human ‘assets’. Ethical leadership in HRM would require at the very least that due attention be given to matters of both economic capital and cultural capital. In this chapter we examine the potential of Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of practice for its capacity to consider these capitals within diverse political and societal contexts. We present two empirical case studies of typical corporate stances on HRM and then make some tentative recommendations for more ethical leadership in employee development.
Forum Shopping and Foreign Law
Authors: James Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If a case has a foreign aspect, the claimant may be able to ‘forum shop’, that is exercise a choice as to where to bring proceedings. He will therefore need to know something about the laws of foreign countries, or at least how to find out about them. The same applies to a defendant who faces proceedings in a foreign country. Foreign law may be significant even if a case is litigated in England. If, for example, the dispute arises under a contract governed by French law, the English court will apply French law. This chapter explores the tactics of forum shopping, comments briefly on the differences between the legal systems of various countries, and explains how to find out about foreign law.
Jurisdiction Based on Consent to English Jurisdiction
Authors: James Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Generally, the English courts will accept jurisdiction if the parties have consented to English jurisdiction. Common law gives parties considerable freedom to choose where they wish to litigate, including a neutral forum unconnected with either party or their dispute. Where the Judgments Regulation or Conventions governs the validity of the jurisdiction agreement, no objective connection between the relationship in dispute and the court designated is required. In addition to an express agreement, a party’s consent to English jurisdiction can be manifest in submission to the jurisdiction, or agreeing to service of process on someone within the jurisdiction. These are all discussed below.
Introduction
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since 1844, Acts of the United Kingdom Parliament have provided, and continue to provide, a system of incorporating companies by supplying prescribed documents to a public official called the registrar of companies (formerly the registrar of joint stock companies). If the documents are in order and the required fee has been paid, the registrar registers them and issues a certificate of incorporation which marks the creation of the company as an entity with separate corporate personality. The system was initiated by the Joint Stock Companies Act 1844, but was completely revised by the Joint Stock Companies Act 1856. The system established by the 1856 Act was further improved by the Companies Act 1862 and then re-enacted when the legislation on companies was consolidated in 1908,1 1929,2 19483 and 1985.4 United Kingdom company law has been completely reformed by the Companies Act 2006, which comes into force fully on 1 October 2009.5 Separate legislation for Northern Ireland was enacted in 1932,6 19607 and 1986,8 but the Companies Act 2006 applies throughout the United Kingdom.
1856 Table B And Forms A And C
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
1856 Table B provides the default articles of association for a limited or unlimited company 2 registered from 14 July 1856 3 to 1 November 1862.4 Model articles for a company registered from 14 July 1856 to 1 November 1862 are set out in the Joint Stock Companies Act 1856, sch, Form C.5 A model form of memorandum for a limited or unlimited company registered from 14 July 1856 to 1 November 1862 was set out in the Joint Stock Companies Act 1856, sch, Form A.The Joint Stock Companies Act 1856 provided only for limitation by shares, not by guarantee. On the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company under the Joint Stock Companies Act 1856, s 110, from 14 July 1856 to 1 November 1862, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association,6 but the provision made in subsequent Acts that the default articles of association were not to apply to such a company unless adopted by special resolution7 is not made in the Joint Stock Companies Act 1856.
1862 Table A and Form A
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
1862 Table A provides the default articles of association for a company limited by shares2 registered from 2 November 18623 to 30 September 1906.4 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1862 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 2 November 1862 to 30 September 1906.5 A model form of memorandum for a company limited by shares registered from 2 November 1862 to 31 March 1909 was set out in the Companies Act 1862, sch 2, Form A.6 From 2 November 1862 to 30 September 1906, on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company under the Companies Act 1862, part 7 (ss 179–198), as a company limited by shares, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association, and 1862 Table A did not apply unless adopted by special resolution.7
1948 Table a, Part 2
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
from 1 July 19484 to 21 December 1980.5 1948 Table A, Part 2, ceased to apply to new companies when it was repealed by the Companies Act 1980, sch 3, para 36(1), and sch 4.6 1948 Table A, Part 2, incorporates 1948 Table A, part 1, except for arts 24 and 53. In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1948 Table A, Part 2, could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 July 1948 to 21 December 1980.7 A model form of memorandum for a company limited by shares registered from 1 July 1948 to 21 December 1980 was set out in the Companies Act 1948, sch 1, Table B.8 From 1 July 1948 to 21 December 1980, on the registration of an existing nonCompanies Acts company under the Companies Act 1948, part 8 (ss 382–397), as a company limited by shares which was a private company as defined in s 28, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association, and 1948 Table A, Part 2, did not apply unless adopted by special resolution.9
2008 Model Articles for Private Companies Limited by Guarantee
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A company registered under the Companies Act 2006 as a company limited by guarantee without a share capital must be a private company, because only a limited company with a share capital can be a public company.4 On or after 5 October 2009, on the registration under the Companies Act 2006, s 1040, of an existing non-Companies Acts company as a private company limited by guarantee, its existing constitution is treated as its articles of association,5 and 2008 pclg does not apply unless adopted by special resolution.6 On or after 5 October 2009, for re-registration as a private company limited by guarantee, of a public company under the Companies Act 2006, s 97, or of an unlimited company under s 105, the company must make such changes in its articles as are necessary in connection with its becoming a private company limited by guarantee,7 and those changes take effect on the issue of a certificate of incorporation on re-registration.8 The directors may decide to make provision for the benefit of persons employed or formerly employed by the company or any of its subsidiaries (other than a director or former director or shadow director) in connection with the cessation or transfer to any person of the whole or part of the undertaking of the company or that subsidiary.
2004 Commonhold Association
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
commonhold association must be in the form in the Commonhold Regulations 2004, sch 2, or a form to the same effect.4 They must contain all the provisions in that schedule,5 and may simply adopt its provisions.6 However, some of the provisions may be modified as permitted by the Commonhold Regulations 2004, reg 14(2)–(10).7 Each provision of sch 2 will have effect for a commonhold association whether or not it is adopted in the association’s articles, subject to any permissible modifications.8 A commonhold association may include in its articles provisions additional to those in the Commonhold Regulations 2004, sch 2.9 Each additional provision must be preceded by a heading which must include ‘additional provision specific to this commonhold association’.10 Each additional provision must be identified by the number of the immediately preceding article from sch 2 followed by a capital letter, going through the alphabet when more than one additional article is inserted consecutively.11 A commonhold association is not authorized to adopt any of the regulations contained in 1985 Table A, because the Companies Act 1985, s 8(1), does not apply to a commonhold association.12 When this book went to press it was not known whether there will be authority to adopt provisions of 2008 pclg.
1908 Form C
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
to 31 October 1929 in England and Wales or Scotland,4 to 31 December 1932 in Northern Ireland5 or to 31 March 1964 in the Republic of Ireland.6 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1908 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929 in England and Wales or Scotland, to 31 December 1932 in Northern Ireland or to 31 March 1964 in the Republic of Ireland.7 From 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929, in England and Wales and Scotland,8 on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company under the Companies (Consolidation) Act 1908, part 7 (ss 249–266), as a company limited by guarantee with a share capital, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association,9 subject to the statutory requirement of being in accordance with 1908 Form C or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.10
1929 Table D
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
1929 Table D provides the model memorandum and articles of association for a company limited by guarantee with a share capital2 registered from 1 November 19293 to 30 June 1948.4 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1929 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 November 1929 to 30 June 1948.5 From 1 November 1929 to 30 June 1948, on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company as a company limited by guarantee with a share capital, under the Companies Act 1929, part 9 (ss 321–336), its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association,6 subject to the statutory requirement of being in accordance with 1929 Table D or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.7 From 1 November 1929 to 30 June 1948, the re-registration of a company under the Companies Act 1929, s 16(1), as a company limited by guarantee with a share capital, took place in the same manner and had the same effect as if it were the first registration of the company,8 and so its memorandum and articles of association had to be in accordance with 1929 Table D, or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.9
Northern Ireland 1932 Tables A and B
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Northern Ireland 1932 Table A provides the default articles of association for a company limited by shares1 registered in Northern Ireland from 1 January 19332 to 31 March 1961.3 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in Northern Ireland 1932 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered in Northern Ireland from 1 January 1933 to 31 March 1961.4 A model form of memorandum for a company limited by shares registered in Northern Ireland from 1 January 1933 to 31 March 1961 was set out in the Companies Act (Northern Ireland) 1932, sch 1, Table B.5 From 1 January 1933 to 31 March 1961, on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company under the Companies Act (Northern Ireland) 1932, part 9 (ss 276–291), as a company limited by shares, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association, and Northern Ireland 1932 Table A did not apply unless adopted by special resolution.6
Northern Ireland 1986 Tables A, B and F
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Northern Ireland 1986 Table A provides the default articles of association for a company limited by shares1 registered in Northern Ireland from 24 September 19862 to 2 October 2009.3 The provisions of the Companies Act 2006 relating to registration of new companies come into force on 1 October 2009,4 but it is proposed that no companies will be registered under the 2006 Act until the following Monday, 5 October.5 Processing of applications for registration received before 1 October 2009 may continue on or after that day under the Companies (Northern Ireland) Order 1986.6 A company which is registered on or after 1 October 2009 on an application received before that date is called a ‘transitional company’.7 Northern Ireland 1986 Table A will be the default articles of association of a transitional company which is a company limited by shares.8 It is expected that registration of transitional companies will be completed on or before 2 October 2009.9 All or any of the regulations contained in Northern Ireland 1986 Table A can be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered in Northern Ireland from 24 September 1986 to 2 October 2009.10
Irishness at the Altar
Authors: Elliott Marianne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This association of Irishness with Catholicism has been common for a number of centuries. It lies behind many of the problems in Anglo–Irish relations, informing the thought processes of successive generations of most Irish and British people and continuing to bedevil the situation in Northern Ireland. Nor has this notion been confined to Catholics. It was also proclaimed by Protestants, often dismissively so. Modern Irish nationalism is built on an inclusive myth. It was most clearly articulated by Theobald Wolfe Tone in 1796. In this, all religious groupings are merged in ‘the common name of Irishman’.
How Long do Linguistic Areas Last? Western Nilotic Grammars in Contact1
Authors: Storch Anne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Investigations into the realms and limitations of linguistic areas may take on diffierent forms. The most obvious one, perhaps, would be to dene a geographic area or region which is characterized by the occurrence of similar grammatical techniques and common typological patterns in a number of otherwise probably unrelated languages. A second approach would deal with the time depth of a Sprachbund or language contact area. Here, geographical boundaries may vary during the course of time, as the grammatical features that help to identify the contact zone could tend to diffuse into other languages or contact areas, while they may become unproductive in parts of their former zone of origin. In the East African set-up that will be discussed here—focusing on Western Nilotic languages of the Nilo-Saharan phylum— the emergence of intensive and extremely productive contact situations appears to depend on several sociolinguistic as well as geographic parameters that are not continuously present in the entire area.
Basque in Contact with Romance Languages
Authors: Jendraschek Gerd 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Basque is a language isolate spoken by approximately 600,000 people, 80 per cent of whom live in the Basque Autonomous Community (in Basque ‘Euskadi’), one of the seventeen Autonomous Communities of Spain. Euskadi is located on the Atlantic coast and composed of the territories of Bizkaia, Gipuzkoa, and Araba. Approximately 10 per cent of Basque speakers live in ‘Iparralde’ (literally ‘northern side’), composed of the territories of Lapurdi, Low Navarre (Nafarroa Beherea), and Zuberoa, on the French side of the border. The remaining speakers live in (High) Navarre (Nafarroa). The Basque Country is not only divided by a national, but also by a linguistic border, which runs through the north of Araba and splits Bizkaia and High Navarre into a Basque-speaking and a Spanish-speaking area. Map 1 shows the geographic divisions in the Basque Country.
Is asthma increasing?
Authors: Hasan Arshad S , Suresh Babu K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children There has been an increase of severalfold in the prevalence of asthma and allergy over the last few decades There are several genes that predispose to asthma and allergy Both genes and environment contribute to the development of asthma
The future: what are the prospects of a cure for essential tremor?
Authors: Plumb Dr Mark , Bain Dr Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Looking into the not so distant future, we can imagine a time when molecular biologists and medical geneticists have identified the defective gene(s) and neurologists have identified how that defect leads to the periodic ET-related neuronal firing that causes ET. They may also identify the precise anatomical position and physiological properties of the defective nerve cells that cause ET. Armed with this information, it should be possible to develop a cure for ET.
The position of adjectives and other phrasal modifiers in the decomposition of DP
Authors: Svenonius Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Patterns in adjective ordering have long been noted, and have been characterized in impressionistic semantic terms: “inherent” properties are expressed doser to the noun (Whorf 945), or “objective” properties are (Hetzron 1978 J. Such characterizations have proven difficult to evaluate, but cross-linguistic examinations regularly show that similar patterns hold across languages to a striking degree (e.g. Sproat and Shih 1991). Cinque (1994) suggests that these orders can be captured in terms of a layered functional structure in the DP: different layers of nominal structure correspond to the attachment sites of different categories of adjective. Scott (2002) and Laenzlinger (2005) expand on Cinque’s hierarchy of nominal functional projections with this aim in mind.
Adjectives and degree modification
Authors: Doetjes Jenny 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Adjectives are often considered to be the prototypical example of a “gradable” category. Degree expressions such as too are restricted to adjectives and morphological comparatives, and superlatives are found for adjectives and not for other categories. This has led several linguists to assume that gradability is a distinctive property of adjectives (see, among others, Jack end off 1977), while others rather insist on the fact that gradability is found across categories (see Bolinger 1972; Bresnan 1973; Doetjes 1997; Neeleman et al. 2004). This chapter investigates the relation between grad ability and the category “adjective,” as opposed to other categories, on the basis of the distribution of degree expressions.
Aspectual composition with degrees
Authors: Pinon Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Approaches to aspectual composition (most notably Krifka 1989, 1992; Verkuyl 1993) have generally focused on how to account for contrasts such as those in (1) and (2), where compatibility with a temporal m-adverbial is taken to indicate a telic interpretation, and compatibility with a temporal for-adverbial to signal an atelic interpretation, of the phrase that the adverbial attaches to. Nothing hinges on the use of the terms telic and atelic here, and for present purposes, bounded and unbounded would do equally well.
Lexical semantics and pragmatics of evaluative adverbs
Authors: bonami Olivier , godard daniele 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Evaluative adverbs, such as unfortunately, strangely, and curiously, form a small but interesting class of adverbs. We aim here at proposing a precise account of their lexical semantic and pragmatic properties, using French as our object language. We argue that many peculiar properties of these adverbs follow from their special pragmatic status rather than their semantic type. It is generally recognized that the content of an evaluative is not part of the “main sentential content” (Bartsch 1976; Bellert I977; Bach 1999; Jayez and Rossari 2004; Potts 2005). We propose that their behavior calls for an explicit modeling of their pragmatic properties in a model of dialogue. In the case of simple assertion, the speaker asserting p without an evaluative commits himself to the truth of p, at the same time as he asks the addressee(s) to evaluate p; when he asserts evaluative p, the same conversational moves are present, but, in addition, the speaker commits himself to the propositoin associated with the adverb while withdrawing it from the addressee’s evaluation.
Becoming a classic
Authors: Holland Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Shakespeare’s plays continued to be performed through the years before the theatres were closed in 1642. There were per- formances at the Globe and the Blackfriars but the casts were changing. As actors died or left the King’s Men others took over their roles, but some thought it could not be the same: an elegy on the death of Richard Burbage in 1619 mourned:
Kind Leer, the greved Moore, and more beside, That lived in him, have now for ever dy’de. (E. K. Chambers, The Elizabethan Stage, 1923, 2.309)