bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endocardial Schwannomas in the Wistar Rat
Authors: Teredesai A. , Wöhrmann T. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryEndocardial neoplasms were observed in 13 Wistar rats, 15–30 months old, from a 30‐month inhalation study. Eight of the rats were dissected at 30 months and the other five between 15 and 29 months. Histologically, the lesions in the heart were diagnosed as endocardial schwannomas. Two of the 13 schwannomas were malignant, while the rest were benign. One malignant schwannoma metastasized to the thymus and the other metastasized to the aorta, oesophagus, liver and spleen. Some schwannomas appeared as early lesions limited to the endocardium consisting of round to ovoid cells interspersed with spindle cells, while other schwannomas appeared as advanced lesions consisting of a thin superficial layer of round to ovoid cells and a deeper layer of spindle cells characteristic of endocardial schwannomas. The histological appearance of the metastases was identical to that of the primary tumour. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive immunostaining for S‐100 protein. The incidence of endocardial schwannomas in the Wistar rat strain was 1.8%.
Effect of 5‐hydroxytryptamine on neurogenic vasoconstriction in the isolated, autoperfused hindquarters of the rat
Authors: Calama E , Ortíz de Urbina AV , Morán A , Martín ML , San Román L 
Published: September 2005

SUMMARY1. In the present study, we analysed the effect of different doses of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT; intravenous infusions of 0.001–40 µg/kg per min) in the autoperfused hindquarters of the rat subjected to electrical stimulation (frequencies of 0.5–20 Hz) of the lumbar chains, investigating the relationship between the adrenergic and serotonergic systems in this vascular bed.2. Because we observed that 5‐HT inhibited the increases in perfusion pressure induced by electrical stimulation of the lumbar chains, we used different agonists and antagonists to analyse the mechanism of action of 5‐HT.3. The effect of 5‐HT was inhibited by methiothepin (a non‐specific 5‐HT receptor antagonist), but not by ritanserin (a selective 5‐HT2 receptor antagonist). The effects of 5‐HT were mimicked by 5‐carboxamidotryptamine (a 5‐HT1 receptor agonist) and L‐694 247 (a selective 5‐HT1D receptor agonist), but not by 8‐hydroxy‐2‐dipropylaminotetralin (a 5‐HT1A receptor agonist), CGS‐12066B (a 5‐HT1B receptor agonist), α‐methyl‐5‐HT (a 5‐HT2 receptor agonist), 1‐(3‐chlorophenyl) piperazine (a 5‐HT2C receptor agonist) or 1‐phenylbiguanide (a 5‐HT3 receptor agonist). The selective 5‐HT1D/1B receptor antagonist BRL 15572 inhibited the effect of the agonist L‐694 247.4. Our data suggest that 5‐HT inhibits the increases in perfusion pressure induced by the electrical stimulation of the lumbar chains, acting on presynaptic 5‐HT1D receptors and decreasing the release of noradrenaline from the sympathetic nerves in the hindquarter vascular bed of the rat.
Effect of phase limited inhibition of MyoD expression on the terminal differentiation of bovine myoblasts: No alteration of Myf5 or myogenin expression
Authors: Muroya Susumu , Nakajima Ikuyo , Oe Mika , Chikuni Koichi 
Published: September 2005

To investigate the roles played by MyoD in the terminal differentiation of satellite cell‐derived myoblasts, the effect of antisense inhibition of MyoD expression was examined in bovine adult myoblast culture, in which inhibition treatment was limited to the terminal differentiation phase. MyoD antisense oligonucleotide DNA (AS‐mD) suppressed the formation of multinucleated myotubes in the cell culture. Myotube formation was suppressed even when AS‐mD treatment was limited to the period preceding the onset of myotube formation. Reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) analysis revealed that treatment with AS‐mD suppressed the expression of myosin heavy chain embryonic isoform and troponin T isoforms at 4 days after the induction of differentiation. AS‐mD also suppressed the expression of MRF4, but did not alter the expression of either Myf5 or myogenin, in contrast to previous results using mouse cells possessing MyoD(–/–) genetic background. These findings suggest that MyoD controls myogenesis but not Myf5 or myogenin mRNA expression during the terminal differentiation phase. Furthermore, among the α4, α5, α6, and α7 integrins, α4, α5, and α7 integrin expression was suppressed by AS‐mD treatment, in parallel with the suppression of myotube formation, which suggests that MyoD controls myotube formation by regulating the expression of α4, α5, and α7 integrins.
Photodynamic therapy in the management of juxtapapillary capillary haemangiomas
Authors: Golshevsky Jonathan R , O'Day Justin 
Published: September 2005

AbstractCapillary haemangiomas occurring on or adjacent to the optic disc pose unique therapeutic problems. Their natural history is highly variable, but has a propensity to lead to the development of progressive exudate with marked deterioration in visual acuity, often culminating in retinal detachment and vitreal haemorrhages. On reviewing the literature, no therapeutic modality has demonstrated an efficacy in treating the lesion and providing an acceptable visual acuity result. A case of a 61‐year‐old man with a left‐sided juxtapapillary capillary haemangioma treated with verteporfin photodynamic therapy is described. The patient's visual acuity improved from 6/36 to 6/12 initially, with an appreciable reduction in exudate and lesion size. Subsequent treatments failed to eradicate the lesion, with visual acuity stabilizing at 6/60. With larger cohorts of patients and variable treatment parameters, the true efficacy of photodynamic therapy to treat these lesions may be determined.
Glial heterotopia of the orbit and extranasal region: an unusual entity
Authors: Bajaj Mandeep S , Kashyap Seema , Wagh Vijay B , Pathak Harish , Shrey Dinesh 
Published: September 2005

AbstractGlial heterotopia or the occurrence of isolated non‐teratomatous extracranial glial tissue is rare. Most of the reported cases of this entity arise in the nose. Herein a rare case of heterotopic glial tissue in the orbit and extranasal region without bony defect is described.
Bruch's membrane and the vascular intima: is there a common basis for age‐related changes and disease?
Authors: Sivaprasad Sobha , Bailey Tracey A , Chong Victor NH 
Published: September 2005

AbstractSeveral clinical and epidemiological studies have concurrently illuminated established cardiovascular risk factors in age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), raising the possibility that cardiovascular disease and AMD may share a similar pathogenic process. The vascular intima and the Bruch's membrane share several age‐related changes and are the seat of many common molecules. Diseases of these structures may represent parallel responses to the tissue injury induced by multiple intercalated factors such as genetic variations, oxidative stress, inappropriately directed immune response or inflammatory disease complex. However, there are marked differences in the age‐related changes in these two structures. The strategic location of the Bruch's membrane between the retinal pigment epithelium and the choriocapillaris can at least partially explain the differential susceptibility of AMD to cardiovascular risk factors. Unlike the vascular wall that is exposed to changes from the endothelium, the Bruch's membrane is subject to changes from both the endothelium (choriocapillaris) and epithelium (retinal pigment epithelium). Moreover, although both the vascular wall and Bruch's membrane become lipid laden with age, the lipid composition is characteristically different. This review examines the morphological and biochemical alterations in the senescent Bruch's membrane and its analogy to the vascular wall to evaluate the concurrence of atherosclerosis and AMD.
Fascicular keratitis in children: can corneal phlycten be mobile?
Authors: Taherian Kasra , Shekarchian Mina , Taylor Robert H 
Published: September 2005

AbstractPhlyctenulosis is an uncommon condition that usually affects children's cornea or conjunctiva. Although its exact aetiology is unknown, it is thought to be a non‐specific delayed hypersensitivity reaction to staphylococci or other bacterial, fungal or parasitic antigens. Herein a case of a 3.5‐year‐old boy with corneal phlyctenulosis is described in whom the phlycten appears to have has migrated from its origin at the limbus to the central cornea (fascicular keratitis) and become visually disabling. At his last follow up he was asymptomatic. Some stromal scarring of the right cornea remained and his visual acuity improved in both eyes following treatment.
Skew deviation: a precursor to basilar artery thrombosis
Authors: Mennel Stefan , Hergan Klaus , Peter Silvia 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe skew deviation and vertical nystagmus as the initial signs for basilar artery thrombosis, a life‐threatening disease. A 51‐year‐old woman complained of vertical diplopia for more than 20 h. A computed tomography of the brain was normal, but subsequently the patient developed additional symptoms including nausea, ventilation problems (dyspnoea) and somnolence. Neuro‐ophthalmological evaluation revealed a skew deviation and a vertical nystagmus. Magnetic resonance imaging allowed the diagnosis of basilar artery occlusion. An emergency intervention with cerebral catheter angiography and local intra‐arterial thrombolysis was performed. Total recanalization of the basilar artery was achieved resulting in a complete neurological recovery, including the skew deviation and nystagmus. This rare case of skew deviation associated with basilar artery occlusion was a diagnostic challenge and highlights adequate differential diagnosis. Skew deviation is an important clinical sign. In this patient it was the key to a correct diagnosis enabling an immediate and successful intervention.
Priming Effects in Explicit and Implicit Memory for Textual Advertisements
Authors: Finlay Karen , Marmurek Harvey H.C. , Morton Rachel 
Published: September 2005

Les effets d’une amorce sur les mémoires implicite et explicite à propos d’un produit placé dans un texte ont été mis à l’épreuve sous deux conditions, l’une où l’attention était orientée vers (encodage intentionnel) ou détournée du produit (encodage incident). Dans la première expérience, les caractéristiques positives d’un produit avaient plus de chances que les négatives d’être restituées, ce qui a conduit à un effet d’assimilation dans une condition témoin. Par contre, lorsque les particularités du produit étaient en amorec, le rappel explicite des caractéristiques négatives augmentait, débouchant sur un effet de contraste. L’impact de l’amorce était limitéà la condition d’encodage intentionnel, ce qui signifiait un effacement de l’information incompatible avec l’amorce. Dans la deuxième expérience, les épreuves de mémoires implicites perceptuelle et sémantique ont montré des effets d’amorce équivalents suite à l’encodage du produit, qu’il soit intentionnel ou incident. Par suite et contrairement à la mémoire explicite, la mémoire implicite du produit n’était pas conditionnée par l’attention. L’identification de ces limites de l’amorçage est utile aux gens de marketing qui envisagent ce consevoir une publicité exploitant les mémoires explicite et implicite d’un produit.The effects of priming on explicit and implicit memory about a product placed within a narrative were tested under conditions in which attention was drawn to (intentional encoding) or away from (incidental encoding) the product. In Experiment 1, positive features of a product were more likely to be recalled than negative features leading to an assimilation effect in a baseline condition. When the product characteristic was primed, however, explicit recall of the negative features increased resulting in a contrast effect. The impact of priming was restricted to the intentional encoding condition reflecting resolution of information incongruent with the prime. In Experiment 2, perceptual and semantic implicit memory tests revealed equivalent priming effects following both intentional and incidental encoding of the product. Thus, unlike explicit memory, implicit memory for the product was not limited by attention. Recognition of these boundary conditions of priming informs marketers intending to design advertising that taps explicit and implicit memory for a product.
Individuality, Belonging, and Children's Self Concepts: A Motivational Spiral Model of Self‐Evaluation, Performance, and Participation in Physical Activities
Authors: Bornholt L.J. , Piccolo A. 
Published: September 2005

Problématique. Ce projet avait pour objectif d’étudier les fondements sociaux et personnels des images de soi des enfants en rapport avec les activités physiques selon le modèle de la motivation de l’apprentissage en spirale. Ce modèle rapproche l’image de soi des enfants, leurs sentiments, leurs choix, leurs stratégies de résolution de problèmes et leurs performances, tout ce qui peut stimuler et contraindre les motivations des enfants à participer à des activités physiques dans les années à venir. Méthode. La première étude a porté sur de jeunes enfants (N= 40. Age: m = 6,3; σ= 1,1), mais aussi sur des moins jeunes (N= 36. Age : m = 10,2; σ= 1,2). La seconde concernait des enfants de 4 à 11 ans (N= 56. Age : m = 8; σ= 2,1). Résultats. Dans la première étude, les bases personnelles et sociales des images de soi variaient selon l’âge et les images des soi n’étaient pas nécessairement en rapport avec les performances observées. Dans la deuxième étude, les images de soi et les sentiments relatifs aux activités incitaient à une participation ultérieure fournissant aux enfants des occasions de développer leurs capacités et leur stratégies cognitives. Conclusion. Les résultats confirment les fondements hypothétiques personnels et sociaux des images de soi, ce qui est essentiel dans le modèle de l’apprentissage en spirale des motivations des enfants. Il en ressort qu’il existe des pistes communes et diversifiées qui conduisent les enfants à s’adonner à des activités physiques, ce qui a des retombées importantes sur les programmes cliniques et éducatifs concernant la santé et le bien‐être des enfants.This project examined the personal and social bases of children's self concepts about movement within the Motivational Spiral Model. The model relates children's self concepts, feelings, choices, task strategies, and performance that feed forward to support and constrain children's motivations to participate in physical movement in subsequent years. Study 1 was with younger (N= 40, age 6.3, SD 1.1 years) and older children (N= 36, age 10.2, SD 1.2 years). Study 2 was with 4‐ to 11‐year‐old children (N= 56, age 8.0, SD 2.1). In Study 1, personal and social bases of self concepts varied for younger and older children, and their self concepts were not necessarily associated with actual performance. In Study 2, children's self concepts and feelings about movement feed forward to subsequent participation providing children with opportunities to develop their task strategies and skills. Results support the proposed personal and social bases to self concepts that are central to the Motivational Spiral Model. The findings suggest common and diverse pathways to children's participation in physical activities, that have important applications in educational and clinical programmes for children's health and well‐being.
The Role of Risk in Making Decisions under Escalation Situations
Authors: Wong Kin Fai Ellick 
Published: September 2005

Cet article décrit deux recherches portant sur la relation entre l’intensification de l’implication et trois variables liées au risque: la propension au risque, la perception du risque et l’attente du résultat. L’analyse des données montra (a) que l’intensification de l’implication était en relation négative avec la perception du risque et en relation positive avec la propension au risque et l’attente du résultat; (b) que la perception du risque médiatisait partiellement les effets de la propension au risque et que l’attente du résultat médiatisait les effets de la perception du risque. Ces observations sont dans l’ensemble cohérentes avec schéma théorique proposé par Sitkin et Pablo (1992). On discute des conséquences de cette recherche pour le comportement de prise de risque, l’intensification de l’implication et la pratique.This paper reports on two studies examining the relationship between escalation of commitment and three risk‐related variables—risk propensity, risk perception, and outcome expectancy. Results showed that (a) risk propensity and outcome expectancy were positively related to escalation of commitment, whereas risk perception was negatively related to escalation of commitment; (b) risk perception partially mediated the effects of risk propensity, and outcome expectancy mediated the effects of risk perception. These findings are generally consistent with the conceptual framework proposed by Sitkin and Pablo (1992). Implications for risk‐taking behavior, escalation of commitment, and practice are discussed.
Test–retest reliability of the Chinese version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children‐Version 4 (DISC‐IV)
Authors: Ho Ting‐pong , Leung Patrick Wing‐leung , Lee Chi‐chiu , Tang Chun‐pan , Hung Se‐fong , Kwong Shi‐leung , Lucas Christopher P. , Lieh‐Mak Felice , Shaffer David 
Published: September 2005

Background:  Despite the huge youth population, there is a lack of psychiatric diagnostic instruments with reported psychometric properties in Chinese. This study reports the development of the Chinese version of DISC‐IV and examines its test–retest reliability.Method:  Seventy‐eight parents and 79 youths (mean age 13.1 years) attending child psychiatric clinics were interviewed twice using the Chinese DISC‐IV (Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children‐IV) about 22 days apart.Results:  The kappa coefficients were good to excellent for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) (both youth (Y) and parent (P) versions), major depressive disorder (MDD) (P), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (P); fair for anxiety disorder (P), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (P, Y), MDD (Y); but poor for anxiety disorder (Y) and ADHD (Y). Parent informants had better test–retest reliability than youth informants.Conclusions:  The Chinese DISC‐IV had comparable test–retest reliability with the original English version.
Investigating the structure of the restricted, repetitive behaviours and interests domain of autism
Authors: Szatmari Peter , Georgiades Stelios , Bryson Susan , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Roberts Wendy , Mahoney William , Goldberg Jeremy , Tuff Lawrence 
Published: September 2005

Background:  The Restricted, Repetitive Behaviours and Interests (RRBIs) are represented in the DSM‐IV and measured by the Autism Diagnostic Interview‐Revised (ADI‐R) as one of the three homogeneous symptom categories of Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Although this conceptualisation is well accepted in the field, the grouping of symptoms is based primarily on clinical judgment rather than on empirical evidence.Methods:  The objective of this study was to examine the factor structure of the RRBI domain of autism. Eleven items from this domain of the ADI‐R were used in a Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Our sample consisted of 339 individuals with a Best Estimate diagnosis of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD).Results:  Findings indicate that the RRBI domain is composed of two distinct factors or dimensions: Insistence on Sameness (IS) and Repetitive Sensory and Motor Behaviours (RSMB). RSMB is negatively correlated with adaptive skills; that is, lower functioning individuals tend to have higher levels of repetitive sensory and motor behaviours. On the other hand, IS is positively correlated with autistic symptoms in the communication and language domain. Further analyses suggest moderate familial aggregation among affected sibling pairs within the IS but not the RSMB factor.Conclusions:  These results provide evidence for the heterogeneity of the RRBI domain of the ADI‐R in terms of both clinical presentation and other correlates. In addition, the IS factor seems to be under familial (presumably genetic) control, while RSMB appears to simply reflect variation in developmental level.
Abortion in young women and subsequent mental health
Authors: Fergusson David M. , John Horwood L. , Ridder Elizabeth M. 
Published: September 2005

Background:  The extent to which abortion has harmful consequences for mental health remains controversial. We aimed to examine the linkages between having an abortion and mental health outcomes over the interval from age 15–25 years.Methods:  Data were gathered as part of the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a 25‐year longitudinal study of a birth cohort of New Zealand children. Information was obtained on: a) the history of pregnancy/abortion for female participants over the interval from 15–25 years; b) measures of DSM‐IV mental disorders and suicidal behaviour over the intervals 15–18, 18–21 and 21–25 years; and c) childhood, family and related confounding factors.Results:  Forty‐one percent of women had become pregnant on at least one occasion prior to age 25, with 14.6% having an abortion. Those having an abortion had elevated rates of subsequent mental health problems including depression, anxiety, suicidal behaviours and substance use disorders. This association persisted after adjustment for confounding factors.Conclusions:  The findings suggest that abortion in young women may be associated with increased risks of mental health problems.
Epstein–Barr virus infection during pregnancy and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome
Authors: Eskild Anne , Bruu Anne‐Lise , Stray‐Pedersen Babill , Jenum Pål 
Published: September 2005

Objectives  To study the association between Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) antibody status in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes including fetal death, length of gestation and fetal weight and length at birth.Design  Nested control study.Setting  Population based health registers.Population  The source population comprised 35,940 pregnant women. Cases were all (280) women with fetal death and a random sample of 940 women with a live born child.Method  Information on pregnancy outcome was obtained from the Norwegian Medical Birth Registry. Serum samples from the first trimester were tested for EBV antibodies. In women seronegative for EBV, further serum from late pregnancy was analysed to detect seroconversion.Main outcome measures  Vital status, length of gestation, weight and length at birth.Results  There was no association between EBV antibody status and fetal death. Women with significant EBV reactivation had a significantly shorter duration of pregnancy, and associated lighter babies, compared with women without significant reactivation (stillborn: 176 vs 197 days, P= 0.16, and live born: 271 vs 279 days, P= 0.03, respectively).Conclusion  Significant reactivation of EBV infection during pregnancy may influence pregnancy duration.