bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatal drowning in Indonesia: understanding knowledge gaps through a scoping review
Authors: Cenderadewi Muthia , Devine Susan G , Sari Dian Puspita , Franklin Richard C 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLittle is known about unintentional drowning deaths in Indonesia, the world’s fourth most populous and largest archipelagic country. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and risk factors of unintentional drowning in Indonesia and explore existing health promotion and drowning prevention approaches in Indonesia within a socio-ecological health promotion framework. A scoping review, guided by PRISMA-ScR, was conducted to locate peer-reviewed studies and government reports/policy documents published until May 2023, in English or Indonesian language, using MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Informit, PsycINFO (ProQuest), Scopus, SafetyLit, BioMed Central and Google Scholar, Indonesian journal databases (Sinta, Garuda) and government agencies websites around the terms: drown, swim, flood, hurricane, cyclone, disaster, water rescue and maritime/boat safety. This review identified 32 papers. However, a paucity of information on unintentional drowning rates, risk factors and prevention in Indonesia was noted. The unavailability of a coordinated national drowning data collection system in Indonesia, from which national and subnational subcategory data can be collected, underlines the possibility of under-representation of drowning mortality. The association between various exposures and drowning incidents has not been fully investigated. An over-reliance on individual-focused, behaviour-based, preventive measures was observed. These findings highlight the need for improving drowning surveillance to ensure the availability and reliability of drowning data; and strengthening research to understand the risk factors for drowning and delivery of drowning prevention programs. Further policy development and research focusing on health promotion approaches that reflect a socio-ecological approach to drowning prevention in Indonesia is imperative.
Prototype Pathogens for Vaccine and Monoclonal Antibody Countermeasure Development: NIAID Workshop Process and Outcomes for Viral Families of Pandemic Potential
Authors: Deschamps Anne M , DeRocco Amanda J , Bok Karin , Patterson L Jean 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Given the increased risk of pandemics driven by emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, it is imperative that the United States and global scientific community be better prepared for future threats by prioritizing and launching key research programs and strategies. In December 2021, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) published its pandemic preparedness plan, which focuses on the prototype pathogen approach for medical countermeasure development. The plan was introduced before its release at a NIAID-hosted workshop in November 2021 that featured scientific experts from the extramural community, government, and the private sector and focused on selection of prototype pathogens from 10 viral families with pandemic risk and moderate resources. This article will serve as an introduction to this special issue and will briefly define the prototype pathogen approach, describe the workshop goals and process for outcomes, and provide an outline of the viral working group articles to follow and future directions for NIAID.
Paramyxoviruses: Pathogenesis, Vaccines, Antivirals, and Prototypes for Pandemic Preparedness
Authors: Duprex W Paul , Dutch Rebecca Ellis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Paramyxoviridae family includes established human pathogens such as measles virus, mumps virus, and the human parainfluenza viruses; highly lethal zoonotic pathogens such as Nipah virus; and a number of recently identified agents, such as Sosuga virus, which remain poorly understood. The high human-to-human transmission rate of paramyxoviruses such as measles virus, high case fatality rate associated with other family members such as Nipah virus, and the existence of poorly characterized zoonotic pathogens raise concern that known and unknown paramyxoviruses have significant pandemic potential. In this review, the general life cycle, taxonomic relationships, and viral pathogenesis are described for paramyxoviruses that cause both systemic and respiratory system–restricted infections. Next, key gaps in critical areas are presented, following detailed conversations with subject matter experts and based on the current literature. Finally, we present an assessment of potential prototype pathogen candidates that could be used as models to study this important virus family, including assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of each potential prototype.
Protection for Hire: Cooperation through Regional Organizations
Authors: Cottiero Christina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
There is growing evidence that leaders cooperate through regional intergovernmental organizations (RIOs) to address domestic security challenges. What sustains this collaboration? I present a theory of regional cooperation driven by mutual interest in stability and protection for heads of state. RIOs support the development of rules and norms around contributing to regional security and can legitimize pro-government military interventions. Leaders concerned that they may need external support—particularly against members of their own military—cooperate to remain in good standing with co-members. Using original security personnel deployment data for members of four Africa-based RIOs with mutual defense pacts between 1990 and 2017, I show that leaders facing higher coup risk were more likely to deploy personnel to support co-members. I also find evidence for the underlying mechanism—that these leaders contribute because they expect RIO members to reciprocate support in the future. Leaders who contributed more personnel to support co-members, and leaders who contributed more often, were more likely to receive military support from co-members in the future. These findings shed light on the dynamics sustaining regional security cooperation.
Differential sensitivity of climate conditions on birth weight genetic values in mice divergently selected for birth weight residual variance
Authors: El-Ouazizi El-Kahia Laila , Formoso-Rafferty Nora , Cervantes Isabel , Gutiérrez Juan Pablo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
After 32 generations of a divergent selection experiment for residual variance of birth weight in mice, two divergent lines were thus obtained: the heterogeneous line (H-line) and the homogeneous line (L-line). Throughout the generations, differences were observed between the two lines in traits such as litter size, survival at weaning, and birth weight variability caused by unidentified environmental conditions. The L-line exhibited advantages in terms of higher survival rates, larger litter sizes, and less sensitivity to changes in food intake. The study is an examination of the effects of climate as an environmental factor on the performance of these animals. Climate factors including maximum, minimum, and mean temperature (T), humidity (H), and TH index; at three stages (the fecundation, a week before the parturition and the parturition), were linked to a birth weight dataset consisting of 22,614 records distributed as follows: 8,853 corresponding to the H-line, 12,649 to the L-line, and 1,112 to the initial population. Out of the 27 analyzed climatic variables, the maximum temperature 1 wk before parturition (MXTW) was identified as the most influential when comparing heteroscedastic models with the deviance information criterion. The order of Legendre polynomial to apply in the following random regression model was tested by a cross-validation using homoscedastic models. Finally, MXTW was compared on how it affected the two divergent lines by analyzing predicted breeding values (PBV) obtained from a random regression heteroscedastic model. The mean PBV of the H-line in the first generation showed a range of 0.070 g with a negative slope, which was 35 times higher than the range obtained for the L-line, which varied within 0.002 g. In the last generation of selection, the H-line exhibited greater instability of PBV across temperatures, with a difference of 0.101 g between the maximum and minimum mean PBV, compared to 0.017 g for the L-line. The standard deviations of the slopes in the H-line were more dispersed than in the L-line. Unlike the H-line, the L-line had slopes that were not significantly different from 0 throughout the generations of selection, indicating greater stability in response to MXTW variations. The H-line exhibited a higher sensitivity to changes in MXTW, particularly in birth weight, with the L-line being more stable. The selection for uniformity of birth weight could lead to less sensitive animals under environmental changes.
Do adult Magicicada (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) feed? Historical perspectives and evidence from molecular gut content analysis
Authors: Hepler James R , Cooper W Rodney , Cullum John P , Dardick Chris , Dardick Liam , Nixon Laura J , Pouchnik Derek J , Raupp Michael J , Shrewsbury Paula , Leskey Tracy C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The periodical cicadas in the genus Magicicada are remarkable for their unusual life histories and dramatic synchronized emergences every 13 or 17 years. While aspects of their evolution, mating behaviors, and general biology have been well-characterized, there is surprising uncertainty surrounding the feeding habits of the short-lived adult stage. Despite a tentative scientific consensus to the contrary, the perception that adult Magicicada do not feed has persisted among the general public, and recent studies are lacking. We directly investigated the feeding behavior of Magicicada spp. through high-throughput sequencing (HTS)-based dietary analysis of nymphs, freshly molted (teneral) adults, and fully sclerotized adults collected from orchard and wooded habitats during the 2021 emergence of Brood X. Identifiable plant DNA (trnF, ITS amplicons) was successfully recovered from nymphs and adults. No plant DNA was recovered from teneral adults, suggesting that all DNA recovered from sclerotized adults was ingested during the post-teneral adult stage. Both nymphs and adults were found to have ingested a range of woody and herbaceous plants across 17 genera and 14 families. Significantly more plant genera per individual were recovered from adults than from nymphs, likely reflecting the greater mobility of the adult stage. We hypothesize that the demonstrated ingestion of plant sap by Magicicada adults is driven by a need to replace lost water and support specialized bacteriome-dwelling endosymbionts that cicadas depend upon for growth and development, which constitutes true feeding behavior.
Clinical impact of sarcopenia for overweight or obese patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Wei-Zhe , Lin Feng , Yu Ding-Ye , Ren Qi , Zhang Feng-Min , Shen Zi-Le , Chen Wen-Hao , Dong Qian-Tong , Yu Zhen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Sarcopenia, overweight and obesity are all dynamic changes in body composition, which may have a negative effect on the prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of sarcopenia on overweight or obese patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods
We conducted an observative study on the population of overweight or obese patients with colorectal cancer who underwent curative surgeries in two centers between 2015 and 2021. They were grouped by the presence of sarcopenia. Propensity score match analysis was used to balance the baseline of clinicopathologic characteristics of the two groups. Then, the postoperative outcomes between the two groups were compared. Independent risk factors were evaluated for complications using univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results
Of 827 patients enrolled, 126 patients were matched for analysis. Patients with sarcopenia had a higher incidence of total complication and medical complications, a higher rate of laparoscopic surgery performed and higher hospitalization costs. Old age (≥65 years, P = 0.012), ASA grade (III, P = 0.008) and sarcopenia (P = 0.036) were independent risk factors for total complications. ASA grade (III, P = 0.002) and sarcopenia (P = 0.017) were independent risk factors for medical complications.

Conclusions
Sarcopenia was prevalent among overweight or obese patients with colorectal cancer and was associated with negative postoperative outcomes. Early recognition of changes in body composition could help surgeons be well prepared for surgical treatment for overweight or obese patients.
Human papillomavirus–associated anal squamous cell carcinoma: sociodemographic, geographic, and county-level economic trends in incidence rates—United States, 2001-2019
Authors: Gopalani Sameer Vali , Senkomago Virginia , Rim Sun Hee , Saraiya Mona 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma is increasing, but vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) and removal of precancerous anal lesions could prevent new cases. The overall HPV-associated cancer incidence is reported to be higher in rural populations and in counties with lower economic status. We assessed these differences specifically for HPV-associated anal squamous cell carcinoma and described the geographic, county-level economic, and sociodemographic variations in incidence rates and trends.

Methods
We analyzed data from the US Cancer Statistics to assess age-standardized incidence rates of HPV-associated squamous cell carcinomas among adults aged 18 years and older from 2001 to 2019. We calculated rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals to examine differences in incidence rates. We also quantified changes in incidence rates over time using joinpoint regression.

Results
From 2001 to 2019, 72 421 new cases of HPV-associated anal squamous cell carcinoma were diagnosed among women (2.8 per 100 000) and 37 147 among men (1.7 per 100 000). Age-standardized incidence rates were higher in the South compared with other census regions and in counties ranked in the bottom 25% and 25%-75% economically than in the top 25%. The overall incidence rate increased in women but remained stable in men during 2009-2019. Incidence rates increased in adults aged 50 years and older but decreased among those aged 40-44 years from 2001 to 2019 in women and from 2007 to 2019 in men.

Conclusions
There were inequities in HPV-associated anal squamous cell carcinoma incidence by geographic and county-level economic characteristics. Failure to improve vaccine and treatment equity may widen existing disparities.
Cost of Medically Attended RSV Among Medicaid Beneficiaries ≤2 Years of Age by Underlying Risk Condition
Authors: Choi Yoonyoung , Finelli Lynn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We evaluated costs for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) medical attention in children aged &lt;24 months using MarketScan® Medicaid Multi-State claims database 2015–2019. Average cost was highest for RSV hospitalization with intensive care unit (ICU) admission ($23 514–24 835), followed by no ICU admission ($8039–8990), ED visits ($463–482), and outpatient visits ($145–151). Cost was higher for those with comorbidities.
Patient Registry of Upper Limb Outcomes (PRULO): a protocol for an orthopaedic clinical quality registry to monitor treatment outcomes
Authors: Scholes Corey , Eng Kevin , Harrison-Brown Meredith , Ebrahimi Milad , Brown Graeme , Gill Stephen , Page Richard 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Registries have been widely utilized to track clinical results in observational cohorts for quality improvement. They are successful in orthopaedics, particularly in the context of arthroplasties where they have optimized implant selection, improved patient safety and identified underperforming implants. However, equivalent systems to monitor outcomes in soft-tissue disorders are lacking. This protocol described the design, ethics and implementation of a regional registry focusing on upper limb soft tissue orthopaedic conditions. Patient Registry of Upper Limb pathology Outcomes (PRULO) is a multi-cohort, prospective observational, clinical quality registry collating clinical data and patient-reported outcomes for patients presenting to a specialist orthopaedic clinic with upper limb pathology. PRULO is currently a single-centre study involving three clinician investigators, which aims to determine what patient characteristics, pathology factors and treatment strategies are associated with treatment success within 2 years of surgical or non-surgical treatment of pathology. PRULO captures patient-reported outcomes (VAS, EQ5D-5 L, QuickDASH, MODEMS-Expectations and Satisfaction, WORC, WOSI), clinical and radiological data. Data points are recorded at practice registration, after initial consultation, intraoperatively and at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Inclusion criteria are patients aged 16 and above offered treatment by the surgeons for upper limb orthopaedic pathology. Patient cohorts will include shoulder conditions affecting the rotator cuff (tear, tendinopathy), conditions associated with glenohumeral instability, as well as all other conditions presenting in the shoulder elbow, hand and wrist, according to the surgeon-generated diagnosis. Ethical approval was obtained by the Barwon Health Research Ethics Committee (19/70).
Optical Measurement of the Stoichiometry of Thin-Film Compounds Synthetized From Multilayers: Example of Cu(In,Ga)Se2
Authors: Poeira Ricardo G , Siopa Daniel , Anacleto Pedro , Sadewasser Sascha , Dale Phillip J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The properties of centimeter-sized thin-film compound semiconductors depend upon the morphology and chemical composition of the multiple submicrometer-thick elemental and alloy precursor layers from which they are synthesized. The challenge is to characterize the individual precursor layers over these length scales during a multistep synthesis without altering or contaminating them. Conventional electron and X-ray-based morphological and compositional techniques are invasive, require preparation, and are thus incompatible with in-line synthesis processes. In a proof-of-concept study, we applied confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) as a noninvasive optical imaging technique, which measures three-dimensional surface profiles with nanoscale resolution, to this challenge. Using an array of microdots containing Cu(In,Ga)Se2 semiconductor layers for solar cells as an example, we performed CLSM correlative studies to quantify morphological and layer thickness changes during four stages of a thin-film compound synthesis. Using simple assumptions, we measured the micrometer-scale spatially resolved chemical composition of stacked precursor layers to predict the final material phases formed and predict relative device performance. The high spatial resolution, coupled with the ability to measure sizeable areas without influencing the synthesis at high speed, makes CLSM an excellent prospect for research and quality control tool for thin films.
Solaris photometric survey: Search for circumbinary companions using eclipse timing variations
Authors: Moharana A , Hełminiak K G , Marcadon F , Pawar T , Pawar G , Garczyński P , Perła J , Kozłowski S K , Sybilski P , Ratajczak M , Konacki M 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Eclipse timing variations (ETVs) have been a successful tool for detecting circumbinary companions to eclipsing binaries (EBs). While TESS and Kepler have been prolific for ETV searches, they sometimes can be limited by time and sky coverage, a limitation that can be addressed by specialized ground-based ETV surveys. We present the initial results from the Solaris photometric survey, which uses four 0.5-m robotic telescopes in the Southern hemisphere to look for circumbinary companions. We present the method of light-curve extraction, detrending, and EB modelling using observations from the Solaris network. Using these light curves, we extract precise eclipse timings for seven EBs and look for companions using a Lomb–Scargle periodogram search. We find two possible periodic signals for the target GSC 08814–01026. With the system having strong activity, we check for the feasibility of orbital solutions at these two periods. We find that the 245 ± 1 d period is due to an M dwarf-mass companion. This makes GSC 08814–01026 a candidate compact hierarchical triple system. The other periodic signal at 146 ± 1 d is an artefact of stellar activity.
Seeding the CGM: how satellites populate the cold phase of milky way haloes
Authors: Roy Manami , Su Kung-Yi , Tonnesen Stephanie , Fielding Drummond B , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The origin of the cold phase in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) is a highly debated question. We investigate the contribution of satellite galaxies to the cold gas budget in the CGM of a Milky Way-like host galaxy. We perform controlled experiments with three different satellite mass distributions and identify several mechanisms by which satellites can add cold gas to the CGM, including ram pressure stripping and induced cooling in the mixing layer of the stripped cold gas. These two mechanisms contribute a comparable amount of cold gas to the host CGM. We find that the less massive satellites (≤109M⊙) not only lose all of their cold gas in a short period (∼ 0.5–1 Gyr), but their stripped cold clouds also mix with the hot CGM gas and get heated up quickly. However, stellar feedback from these less massive satellites can hugely alter the fate of their stripped gas. Feedback speeds up the destruction of the stripped cold clouds from these satellites by making them more diffuse with more surface area. On the other hand, the more massive satellites (LMC or SMC-like ∼1010M⊙) can add cold gas to the total gas budget of the host CGM for several Gyr.
A halo model for cosmological Lyman-limit systems
Authors: Theuns Tom , Chan T K 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present an analytical model for cosmological Lyman-limit systems (lls) that successfully reproduces the observed evolution of the mean free path (λeff) of ionizing photons. The evolution of the co-moving mean free path is predominantly a consequence of the changing meta galactic photoionization rate and the increase with cosmic time of the minimum mass below which haloes lose their gas due to photoheating. In the model, Lyman-limit absorption is caused by highly ionized gas in the outskirt of dark matter haloes. We exploit the association with haloes to compute statistical properties of λeff and of the bias, b, of lls. The latter increases from b ∼ 1.5 → 2.6 from redshifts z = 2 → 6. Combined with the rapid increase with redshift of the bias of the haloes that host a quasar, the model predicts a rapid drop in the value of λeff when measured in quasar spectra from z = 5 → 6, whereas the actual value of λeff falls more smoothly. We derive an expression for the effective optical depth due to Lyman limit absorption as a function of wavelength and show that it depends sensitively on the poorly constrained number density of lls as a function of column density. The optical depth drops below unity for all wavelengths below a redshift of ∼2.5 which is therefore the epoch when the Universe first became transparent to ionizing photons.