bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Number of sites‐based solver for determining coverages from steady‐state mean‐field micro‐kinetic models
Authors: Vijay Sudarshan , H. Heenen Hendrik , Singh Aayush R. , Chan Karen , Voss Johannes 
Published: November 2023

AbstractKinetic models parameterized by ab‐initio calculations have led to significant improvements in understanding chemical reactions in heterogeneous catalysis. These studies have been facilitated by implementations which determine steady‐state coverages and rates of mean‐field micro‐kinetic models. As implemented in the open‐source kinetic modeling program, CatMAP, the conventional solution strategy is to use a root‐finding algorithm to determine the coverage of all intermediates through the steady‐state expressions, constraining all coverages to be non‐negative and to properly sum to unity. Though intuitive, this root‐finding strategy causes issues with convergence to solution due to these imposed constraints. In this work, we avoid explicitly imposing these constraints, solving the mean‐field steady‐state micro‐kinetic model in the space of number of sites instead of solving it in the space of coverages. We transform the constrained root‐finding problem to an unconstrained least‐squares minimization problem, leading to significantly improved convergence in solving micro‐kinetic models and thus enabling the efficient study of more complex catalytic reactions.
Mindfulness, coping, and optimism as mechanisms of change in the 3RP‐NF intervention
Authors: Grunberg Victoria A. , Bakhshaie Jafar , Manglani Heena , Hooker Julia , Rochon Elizabeth A. , Vranceanu Ana‐Maria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionNeurofibromatosis (NF) is chronic neurogenetic condition that increases risk for poor quality of life, depression, and anxiety. Given the lack of biomedical treatments, we developed the “Relaxation Response Resiliency for NF” (3RP‐NF) program to improve psychosocial outcomes among adults with NF.ObjectiveTo move toward effectiveness testing, we must understand mechanisms that explained treatment effects. We tested whether our hypothesized mechanisms of change—mindfulness, coping, and optimism—mediated improvements in quality of life, depression, and anxiety among adults in the 3RP‐NF program (N = 114; ages 18–70; 72.80% female; 81.58% White).MethodsWe conducted mixed‐effects models to assess whether these mechanisms uniquely mediated outcomes.ResultsImprovements in quality of life were most explained by coping, (b = 0.97, SE = 0.28, CI [0.45, 1.56]), followed by mindfulness (b = 0.46, SE = 0.17, CI [0.15, 0.82]) and optimism (b = 0.39, SE = 0.12, CI [0.17, 0.65]). Improvements in depression and anxiety were most explained by mindfulness (b = −1.52, SE = 0.38, CI [−2.32, −0.85], CSIE = −0.26; b = −1.29, SE = 0.35, CI [−2.04, −0.67], CSIE = −0.23), followed by optimism (b = 0.39, SE = 0.12, CI [0.17, 0.65]; b = −0.49, SE = 0.20, CI [−0.91, −0.13]), but were not explained by coping (b = 0.22, SE = 0.43, CI [−0.62, 1.07]; b = 0.06, SE = 0.46, CI [−0.84, 0.97]), respectively.ConclusionsTargeting mindfulness, coping, and optimism in psychosocial interventions may be a promising way to improve the lives of adults with NF.
Potential relevance of salivary legumain for the clinical diagnostic of hand, foot, and mouth disease
Authors: Tan Yong Wah , Teo Fiona Mei Shan , Ler Siok Ghee , Alli‐Shaik Asfa , Nyo Min , Chong Chia Yin , Tan Natalie Woon Hui , Wang Robert Y. L. , Gunaratne Jayantha , Chu Justin Jang Hann 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe fight against hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) remains an arduous challenge without existing point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostic platforms for accurate diagnosis and prompt case quarantine. Hence, the purpose of this salivary biomarker discovery study is to set the fundamentals for the realization of POC diagnostics for HFMD. Whole salivary proteome profiling was performed on the saliva obtained from children with HFMD and healthy children, using a reductive dimethylation chemical labeling method coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry‐based quantitative proteomics technology. We identified 19 upregulated (fold change = 1.5–5.8) and 51 downregulated proteins (fold change = 0.1–0.6) in the saliva samples of HFMD patients in comparison to that of healthy volunteers. Four upregulated protein candidates were selected for dot blot‐based validation assay, based on novelty as biomarkers and exclusions in oral diseases and cancers. Salivary legumain was validated in the Singapore (n = 43 healthy, 28 HFMD cases) and Taiwan (n = 60 healthy, 47 HFMD cases) cohorts with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.7583 and 0.8028, respectively. This study demonstrates the feasibility of a broad‐spectrum HFMD POC diagnostic test based on legumain, a virus‐specific host systemic signature, in saliva.
Evaluating the effects of graphene nanoparticles combined radio‐frequency thawing on the physicochemical quality and protein conformation in hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus) dorsal muscle
Authors: Tian Fang , Gu Xiaohan , Li Yujin , Cai Luyun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe thawing process is an essential step for a frozen marine fish. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of graphene magnetic nanoparticles combined radio‐frequency thawing methods on frozen hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus) dorsal muscle. Seven thawing methods were used: air thawing, 4 °C cold storage thawing, water thawing, radio‐frequency thawing (RT), radio frequency thawing combined with graphene nanoparticles (G‐RT), radio frequency thawing combined with graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO‐RT) and radio‐frequency thawing combined with graphene magnetic nanoparticles (GM‐RT). The thawing loss and centrifugal loss, electric conductivity, total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and color of thawed hairtail dorsal muscle were determined. The carbonyl content, total sulfhydryl groups, Ca2+‐ATPase activity, raman spectroscopy measurements and Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometry measurements were determined using myofibrillar extracted from the dorsal muscle of hairtail. The water distribution was determined using low‐field NMR techniques.RESULTSThe results demonstrated that the RT, G‐RT, GO‐RT and GM‐RT could significantly shorten the thawing time. Moreover, GO‐RT and GM‐RT efficiently preserved the color of fish dorsal muscle and reduced the impact of thawing on fish quality by reducing lipid and protein oxidation. Meanwhile, the myofibrillar protein structure thawed by GO‐RT and GM‐RT were more stable and had a more stable secondary structure, which maintained strong systemic stability at the same time as slowing down protein oxidation.CONCLUSIONThe results showed that GO‐RT and GM‐RT can significantly improve the thawing efficiency at the same time as effectively maintaining and improving the color and texture of thawed fish, slowing down the oxidation of proteins and lipids, and maintaining a good quality of thawed fish meat. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Bioactive agents from Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R.Br. ex G. Don bark extracts for health promotion and nutraceutical uses
Authors: Sut Stefania , Dall'Acqua Stefano , Sinan Kouadio Ibrahime , Zengin Gokhan , Uba Abdullah Ibrahim , Etienne Ouattara Katinan , Jugreet Sharmeen , Mahomoodally Mohamad Fawzi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDParkia biglobosa stem bark extracts were prepared using methanol, methanol 80%, water and ethyl acetate to investigate their phytochemical contents, as well as antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties.RESULTSLiquid chromatography (LC) quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MS) and LC‐MSn revealed the presence of flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and gallotannins. Particularly, the water extract contained rutin (480 μg per 100 mg) and 3‐caffeoylquinic acid (1109 μg per 100 mg) in higher amounts, whereas the 80% methanol extract contains methoxyluteolin‐7‐O‐rutinoside and catechin derivatives as major compounds. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were yielded in the range of 32.26–119.88 mg gallic acid equivalents g−1 and 0.60–2.39 mg rutin equivalents g−1, respectively. Total antioxidant capacity was also displayed in the range of 0.53–6.34 mmol Trolox equivalents (TE) g−1. Both the methanolic extracts showed higher total antioxidant capacity that could be related to the total phenolic contents. Radical scavenging capacity in DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl) (37.21–508.30 mg TE g−1) and ABTS [2,2‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐ 6‐sulfonic acid)] (60.95–1068.06 mg TE g−1) assays, reducing power in cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (54.23–1002.78 mg TE g−1) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (33.18–558.68 mg TE g−1) assays, as well as metal chelating activity (2.45–11.28 mg EDTA equivalents g−1), were exhibited by all extracts. All extracts were found to inhibit acetylcholinesterase [0.23–2.47 mg galanthamine equivalents (GALAE) g−1], tyrosinase [27.20–83.33 mg kojic acid equivalents g−1], amylase [mmol acarbose equivalents (ACAE) g−1]. On the other hand, all extracts, except the water extract, inhibited butyrylcholinesterase (5.38–6.56 mg GALAE g−1), whereas only the water and ethyl acetate extract showed glucosidase inhibitory potential (1.96 and 1.82 mmol ACAE g−1). In general, the water extract was found to be a weaker enzyme inhibitor suggesting that water is not the preferrable extraction solvent to obtain active products.CONCLUSIONThe present study demonstrated that the stem bark extracts of P. biglobosa contains good amount of phytochemical and extracts present significant antioxidant, as well as reasonable enzyme inhibitory effects. Hence, these findings suggest that further studies can be performed on more specific biological targets and models of bioactivity to determine their safe usage as a nutraceutical or for the preparation functional foods. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
3D Printable Self‐Sensing Magnetorheological Elastomer
Authors: Costi Leone , Georgopoulou Antonia , Mondal Somashree , Iida Fumiya , Clemens Frank 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMagnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are a category of smart materials composed of a magnetic powder dispersed in an elastomeric matrix. They are characterized by the ability to change their mechanical properties when an external magnetic field is applied, called magnetorheological (MR) effect. When a conductive filler is added to a magnetorheological elastomer, the resulting hybrid filler composite showcases both MR and piezoresistive effects. For such a reason, these composites are referred to as self‐sensing magnetorheological elastomers. In this case, the synthesized self‐sensing magnetorheological elastomers are based on styrene‐based thermoplastic elastomers (TPS), carbonyl iron particles (CIP), and carbon black (CB). The hybrid filler concept using various coated CIP and constant CB content showed that above 25 vol.% CIP the resistivity increased rapidly. This work proposes the first case of a 3D printable self‐sensing magnetorheological elastomer and cyclic mechanical compression and tensile mode analysis at high deformation (up to 20% and 10%, respectively). The results showcase a magnetoresistive change of up to 68% and a piezoresistive change of up to 42% and 98% in compression and tension, respectively. In addition, the magnetostriction of the self‐sensing samples has been characterized to be 3.6% and 5.6% in the case of CIP 15 and 30 vol.%, respectively.
The effects of pseudo‐relevant 100% claims
Authors: Munichor Nira , Levontin Liat 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe term “100%” represents perfection. Thus, it is not surprising that marketers believe that claims that contain this term (e.g., “100% organic”) can make products more appealing. This intuition is reflected in the extensive use of 100% claims to describe products' qualities. We discuss how the term 100% can be used to create a claim about perfection that seems to, but does not, provide meaningful information about a product's benefits (e.g., “100% juice”). By appearing to be, but actually not being, relevant to the judgment at hand, these so‐called pseudo‐relevant 100% claims may mislead consumers into making baseless positive assumptions regarding the focal product. Three studies examine how consumers respond to pseudo‐relevant 100% claims. Our results suggest that pseudo‐relevant 100% claims lead to lower product evaluations and consumption intentions than similar claims that include adjacent percentages or no numerical terms. Interestingly, they also suggest spillover effects onto evaluations of the products' customers. Our findings show that consumers pick up on the meaninglessness of the promise of perfection implied by the term “100%” in pseudo‐relevant 100% claims, which causes them to perceive the product as less appealing.
Unbiased evaluation of predicted gamma passing rate by an event‐mixing technique
Authors: Koganezawa Akito S , Matsuura Takaaki , Kawahara Daisuke , Nakashima Takeo , Shiba Eiji , Murakami Yuji , Nagata Yasushi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPredicting models of the gamma passing rate (GPR) have been studied to substitute the measurement‐based gamma analysis. Since these studies used data from different radiotherapy systems comprising TPS, linear accelerator, and detector array, it has been difficult to compare the performances of the predicting models among institutions with different radiotherapy systems.PurposeWe aimed to develop unbiased scoring methods to evaluate the performance of the models predicting the GPR, by introducing both best and worst limits for the performance of the GPR prediction.MethodsTwo hundred head‐and‐neck VMAT plans were used to develop a framework. The GPRs were measured using the ArcCHECK device. The predicted GPR [p] was generated using a deep learning‐based model [pDL]. The predicting model was evaluated using four metrics: standard deviation (SD) [σ], Pearson's correlation coefficient (CC) [r], mean squared error (MSE) [s], and mean absolute error (MAE) [a]. The best limit [, , , and ] was estimated by measuring the SD of measured GPR [m] by shifting the device along the longitudinal direction to measure different sampling points. Mimicked best and worst p’s [pbest and pworst] were generated from pDL. The worst limit was defined such that m and p have no correlation [CC ∼ 0]. The worst limit [σMix, rMix, sMix, and aMix] was generated using the event‐mixing (EM) technique originally introduced in high‐energy physics experiments. The range of σ, r, s, and a was defined to be , , , and . The achievement score (AS) independently based on σ, r, s, and a were calculated for pDL, pbest and pworst. The probability that p fails the gamma analysis (alert frequency; AF) was estimated as a function of values within the [, σMix] range for the 3%/2 mm data with a 95% criterion.ResultsSDs of the best limit were well reproduced by . The EM technique successfully generated the pairs with no correlation. The AS using four metrics showed good agreement. This agreement indicates successful definitions of both best and worst limits, consistent definitions of the AS, and successful generations of mixed events. The AF for the DL‐based model with the 3%/2 mm tolerance was 31.5% and 63.0% with CL's 99% and 99.9%, respectively.ConclusionWe developed the AS to evaluate the predicting model of the GPR in an unbiased manner by excluding the effects of the precision of the radiotherapy system and the spreading of the GPR. The best and worst limits of the GPR prediction were successfully generated using the measured precision of the GPR and the EM technique, respectively. The AS and are expected to enable objective evaluation of the predicting model and setting exact achievement goal of precision for the predicted GPR.
Entanglement Negativity in de Sitter Biverse from Stringy Axionic Bell Pair: An Analysis Using Bunch‐Davies Vacuum
Authors: Choudhury Sayantan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work, signatures of quantum entanglement by computing entanglement negativity between two causally unrelated regions in 3 + 1 dimensional global de Sitter space are studied. A bipartite quantum field theoretic setup for this purpose, driven by an axionic Bell pair resulting from Type IIB string compactification on a Calabi‐Yau three fold is investigated. A spherical surface that divides the spatial slice of the global de Sitter space into exterior and interior causally unrelated sub regions is taken into account. For the computational purpose, the simplest possible initial choice of quantum vacuum, which is Bunch‐Davies state is used. The quantitative quantum information theoretic measure for entanglement negativity turns out be consistent with the results obtained for entanglement entropy, even it is better than that from quantum information theoretic point of view. The problem in a hyperbolic open chart where one of the causally unrelated observers remains constrained and the scale dependence enters to the corresponding quantum information theoretic entanglement measure for axionic Bell pair is designed. From the analysis it is found that in the large scales, initially maximally entangled Bunch‐Davies state turns out to be strongly entangled or weakly entangled depending on the axionic decay constant and the supersymmetry breaking scale. It is also found that at the small scales the initial entanglement can be perfectly recovered. The possibility of having a biverse picture, which is a mini version of the multiverse in the present theoretical set up is discussed. Last but not the least, the necessary criteria for generating non vanishing quantum entanglement measures within the framework of quantum field theory of global de Sitter space as well as well as in primordial cosmology due to the axion derived from string theory are provided.
Oral administration of punicalagin attenuates imiquimod‐induced psoriasis by reducing ROS generation and inflammation via MAPK/ERK and NF‐κB signaling pathways
Authors: Wang Yuqian , Han Dan , Huang Yingjian , Dai Yilin , Wang Yan , Liu Meng , Wang Ning , Yin Tingyi , Du Wenqian , He Ke , Zheng Yan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPsoriasis, an immune‐mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease, imposes a huge mental and physical burden on patients and severely affects their quality of life. Punicalagin (PU), the most abundant ellagitannin in pomegranates, has become a research hotspot owing to its diverse biological activities. However, its effects on psoriasis remain unclear. We explored the impact and molecular mechanism of PU on M5‐stimulated keratinocyte cell lines and imiquimod (IMQ)‐induced psoriasis‐like skin inflammation in BABL/c mice using western blotting, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescent. Administration of PU‐enriched pomegranate extract at dosages of 150 and 250 mg/kg/day markedly attenuated psoriatic severity, abrogated splenomegaly, and reduced IMQ‐induced abnormal epidermal proliferation, CD4+ T‐cell infiltration, and inflammatory factor expression. Moreover, PU could decrease expression levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, such as IL‐1β, IL‐1α, IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α, IL‐17A, IL‐22, IL‐23A, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by keratinocyte proliferation inhibition in the M5‐stimulated cell line model of inflammation through inhibition of mitogen‐activated protein kinases/extracellular regulated protein kinases (MAPK/ERK) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF‐κB) signaling pathways. Our results indicate that PU may serve as a promising nutritional intervention for psoriasis by ameliorating cellular oxidative stress and inflammation.
Recent Advances in Light Detection and Ranging: Optical Modulation Solutions and Novel Nanotechnologies
Authors: Chen Jun‐Da , Miao Wen‐Chien , Hong Yu‐Heng , Kuo Hao‐Chung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLight detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor is widely recognized as a critical component for accurate perception. However, there are a host of challenges that impede their performance, including low spatial resolution, high costs, large size, low reliability, and susceptibility to interference. It is challenging to overcome these issues using a single LiDAR module, necessitating the need for a review of current LiDAR technologies. The paper commences by introducing the fundamental principles of various laser rangefinders and discussing the optical modulation technologies used to prevent interference and ghost images. Next, the paper delves into the latest developments in laser technology, with a focus on enhancing the switching rate, compliance with eye safety regulations, miniaturization, and improving stability. One highly promising innovation is the photonic crystal surface emitting laser (PCSEL), a novel light source that boasts high‐speed, small divergence angles, and high‐power output. Finally, the paper discusses the advancements made in non‐solid‐state scanning and solid‐state scanning, such as improving stability, increasing scanning angles, and optimizing the manufacturing of mechanical and micro‐electromechanical systems (MEMS). Additionally, the paper highlights the recent advancements in nanotechnology, specifically metasurface technology, which offers superior capabilities such as beam deflection, enhanced field‐of‐view (FOV), and dynamic modulation.
Quantification of systemic importance of SDGs in Asian‐African countries: A network hierarchy analysis
Authors: Wang Yuanhui , Song Changqing , Gao Peichao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAsian‐African countries face challenges in achieving the 2030 Agenda and require scientific support for progress. Studies have focused on reorganizing important Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and targets to assess their priorities in these countries considering internal interactions. While previous studies mainly considered first‐order interactions among SDGs, some scholars have emphasized the significance of high‐order interactions that amplify SDG impacts and lead to systemic transformations. To address this, we propose a network hierarchy analysis‐based method to quantify what we called “systemic importance” of SDGs considering high‐order interactions of SDGs in 26 Asian‐African countries using country‐specific target level interaction networks. By analyzing the results, we draw the following conclusions. Goals 13–17 have the highest systemic importance, with the majority of targets being important in the system. Goals with lower systemic importance still include exceptional targets, such as targets related to technological capacity, international representation, and scholarships within Goals 4, 10, and 12, respectively. The rankings of systemic importance for targets and SDGs are similar among the 26 Asian‐African countries, but Lao PDR and Indonesia exhibit larger numerical ranges that require further attention to systemically important targets and goals. Additionally, certain countries show significantly higher systemic importance in specific goals, such as Goal 4 in the Republic of Korea and Goal 7 in Singapore. This study offers quantitative support for prioritizing SDGs in Asian‐African countries by considering the profound impacts resulting from high‐order interactions.