bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benign termination of runaway electron beams on ASDEX Upgrade and TCV
Authors: Sheikh U , Decker J , Hoppe M , Pedrini M , Sieglin B , Simons L , Cazabonne J , Caloud J , Cerovsky J , Coda S , Colandrea C , Dal Molin A , Duval B , Ficker O , Griener M , Papp G , Pautasso G , Paz-Soldan C , Reux C , Tomesova E , Wijkamp T , Upgrade Team the ASDEX ,   the TCV Team,   the MST1 Team
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses the development of a benign termination scenario for runaway electron (RE) beams on ASDEX Upgrade and TCV. A systematic study revealed that a low electron density (n
e) companion plasma was required to achieve a large MHD instability, which expelled the confined REs over a large wetted area and allowed for the conversion of magnetic energy to radiation. Control of the companion plasma ne was achieved via neutral pressure regulation and was agnostic to material injection method. The neutral pressure required for recombination was found to be dependent on impurity species, quantity and RE current. On TCV, n
e increased at neutral pressures above 1 Pa, indicating that higher collisionality between the REs and neutrals may lead to an upper pressure limit. The conversion of magnetic energy to radiated energy was measured on both machines and a decrease in efficiency was observed at high neutral pressure on TCV. The benign termination technique was able to prevent any significant increase in maximum heat flux on AUG from 200 to 600 kA of RE current, highlighting the ability of this approach to handle fully formed RE beams.
Opportunities for fundamental physics research with radioactive molecules
Authors: Arrowsmith-Kron Gordon , Athanasakis-Kaklamanakis Michail , Au Mia , Ballof Jochen , Berger Robert , Borschevsky Anastasia , Breier Alexander A , Buchinger Fritz , Budker Dmitry , Caldwell Luke , Charles Christopher , Dattani Nike , de Groote Ruben P , DeMille David , Dickel Timo , Dobaczewski Jacek , Düllmann Christoph E , Eliav Ephraim , Engel Jonathan , Fan Mingyu , Flambaum Victor , Flanagan Kieran T , Gaiser Alyssa N , Garcia Ruiz Ronald F , Gaul Konstantin , Giesen Thomas F , Ginges Jacinda S M , Gottberg Alexander , Gwinner Gerald , Heinke Reinhard , Hoekstra Steven , Holt Jason D , Hutzler Nicholas R , Jayich Andrew , Karthein Jonas , Leach Kyle G , Madison Kirk W , Malbrunot-Ettenauer Stephan , Miyagi Takayuki , Moore Iain D , Moroch Scott , Navratil Petr , Nazarewicz Witold , Neyens Gerda , Norrgard Eric B , Nusgart Nicholas , Pašteka Lukáš F , N Petrov Alexander , Plaß Wolfgang R , Ready Roy A , Pascal Reiter Moritz , Reponen Mikael , Rothe Sebastian , Safronova Marianna S , Scheidenerger Christoph , Shindler Andrea , Singh Jaideep T , Skripnikov Leonid V , Titov Anatoly V , Udrescu Silviu-Marian , Wilkins Shane G , Yang Xiaofei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMolecules containing short-lived, radioactive nuclei are uniquely positioned to enable a wide range of scientific discoveries in the areas of fundamental symmetries, astrophysics, nuclear structure, and chemistry. Recent advances in the ability to create, cool, and control complex molecules down to the quantum level, along with recent and upcoming advances in radioactive species production at several facilities around the world, create a compelling opportunity to coordinate and combine these efforts to bring precision measurement and control to molecules containing extreme nuclei. In this manuscript, we review the scientific case for studying radioactive molecules, discuss recent atomic, molecular, nuclear, astrophysical, and chemical advances which provide the foundation for their study, describe the facilities where these species are and will be produced, and provide an outlook for the future of this nascent field.
Characterization of magnetostrictive bi-stable rotational vibration energy harvester with integrated centrifugal effect
Authors: Dong Weiwei , Liang Quan , Liu Huifang , Mei Xutao , Shu Liang , Liu Zhanqi , Chang Yunlong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Rotational machinery is a common presence in dust still production, and the occurrence of operational failures in components like engines and turbine blades necessitates effective measures. To solve this challenge, remote structural health monitoring using energy harvesting and wireless sensors has been widely employed to realize self-powered sensing. This study proposes a magnet-induced bi-stable rotational energy harvester (REH), which utilizes the centrifugal effect to broaden the effective frequency bandwidth, enabling efficient energy harvesting in complex environments. A comprehensive mathematical model has been established to facilitate the dynamic characteristics of the bi-stable system, taking into account the centrifugal effect. The theoretical results demonstrate that the gap distance of magnetic configuration has great effects on the bi-stable system. Additionally, the centrifugal effect decided by the centrifugal radius and rotational speeds also affects the stable high-energy orbit oscillations. Furthermore, experimental results indicate that the proposed REH can effectively operate within the frequency range of 230–290 rpm, with a maximum RMS voltage of 780 mV and corresponding power of 4.35 mW. These findings validate the performance of the bi-stable magnetostrictive REH with the centrifugal effect and indicate its potential to effectively address the power supply challenges for wireless sensors. Overall, this study presents a promising solution for enhancing the energy harvesting performance of REH and also provides insights into the design of high-efficiency REH by magnet-induced nonlinearity and the centrifugal effect.
Few-shot meta transfer learning-based damage detection of composite structures
Authors: Chen Yan , Xu Xuebing , Liu Cheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Damage detection and localization using data-driven approaches in carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) composite structures is becoming increasingly important. However, the performance of conventional data-driven methods degrades greatly under little amount of data. In addition, the scarcity of data corresponding to defect/damage conditions of CFRP structures lead to extreme data imbalance, which make this problem even more challenging. To address these challenges of few training data and the scarcity of damage samples, this paper proposes a few-shot meta transfer learning (FMTL)-based approach for damage detection in CFRP composite structures. This method leverages knowledge learnt from an unbalanced data domain generated from a single CFRP composite sample and adapts the knowledge to be applied for other data domains generated by CFRP samples with different structural properties. The contributions of this research include demonstrating the feasibility of harnessing knowledge from notably limited experiment data, designing an algorithm for configuring hyperparameters based on a specific FMTL task, and identifying the impacts of hyperparameters on learning performances. Results show that FMTL can improve the recall rate by at least 15% while preserving the ability to identify health conditions. This method can be extremely useful when we need to monitor health condition of critical CFRP structures, like airplanes, because they can rarely generate data under damage conditions for model training. FMTL enables us to build new models based on unbalanced source domain data with the cost of a minimal set of samples from the target domain.
M-Fractional soliton solutions of fifth order generalized nonlinear fractional differential equation via (G′/G

2
)-expansion method
Authors: Zafar Asim , Ashraf Muhammad , Saboor Abdul , Bekir Ahmet 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The motivation of this research is to investigate four fifth order generalized nonlinear fractional differential equations. Here, we analyze a local derivative, as conformable sense called truncated M-fractional derivative. We also discuss some properties satisfied by the derivative. An effective analytical method namely

(
G
′

/

G

2

)

-expansion method combined with truncated M-fractional derivative will be studied. As a result, the different types of new soliton solutions were obtained such as dark soliton, bright soliton, kink soliton and periodic soliton wave solutions etc and are verified through MATHEMATICA. This approach is a strong contender for future use in resolving the other problems of a similar nature. A visualization of a few findings is given, which demonstrates the effectiveness and suitability of the suggested approach in producing solutions with well-understood physical behavior. The above mentioned method is more reliable and efficient and simple as compared to rest of the methods to solve the fifth order generalized nonlinear fractional differential equations. The results will also be displayed in two dimensional as well as in three dimensional plots.
22/43 GHz low-insertion-loss dual-polarized multi-layer bandpass frequency selective surfaces for millimeter astronomy
Authors: Tong Jinye , Zhong Weiye , Shi Jun , Li Jinji , Xu Zhixia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We design a frequency selective surface (FSS) capable of transmitting K-band and reflecting Q-band radio waves. The equivalent circuit approach assists the distribution of multi-layer FSS to achieve a third-order bandpass response with an incident angle of less than 30°. The unit structure consists of three metal layers embedded with two dielectric substrates. Especially, the FSS provides a 3 dB transmission bandwidth range from 18.6 to 26.7 GHz with a maximum measured insertion loss of 0.61 dB. Hence the proposed polarization-insensitive FSS with low insertion loss can be applied in the observation system of millimeter astronomy.
Parameter space geometry of the quartic oscillator and the double-well potential: classical and quantum description
Authors: Gonzalez Diego , Chávez-Carlos Jorge , Hirsch Jorge G , David Vergara J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We compute the quantum metric tensor and its scalar curvature for the anharmonic oscillator for positive and negative quadratic potentials, where the potential displays a double well, employing exact numerical and perturbative procedures. We also introduce a formulation of the classical analog of the quantum metric tensor by using a novel approach based on Fourier series, which is shown to reproduce the relevant quantum features involved in the parameter space. It is remarkable that both the exact quantum treatment and classical formalism recognize the negative oscillator parameter at which the ground state starts to be delocalized in two wells.
Matter-antimatter asymmetry and dark matter stability from baryon number conservation
Authors: Císcar-Monsalvatje Mar , Ibarra Alejandro , Vandecasteele Jérôme 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
There is currently no evidence for a baryon asymmetry in our universe. Instead, cosmological observations have only demonstrated the existence of a quark-antiquark asymmetry, which does not necessarily imply a baryon asymmetric Universe, since the baryon number of the dark sector particles is unknown.
In this paper we discuss a framework where the total baryon number of the Universe is equal to zero, and where the observed quark-antiquark asymmetry arises from neutron portal interactions with a dark sector fermion N that carries baryon number. In order to render a baryon symmetric universe throughout the whole cosmological history, we introduce a complex scalar χ, with opposite baryon number and with the same initial abundance as N.
Notably, due to the baryon number conservation, χ is absolutely stable and could have an abundance today equal to the observed dark matter abundance. Therefore, in this simple framework, the existence of a quark-antiquark asymmetry is intimately related to the existence (and the stability) of dark matter.
Neutrinos from Earth-bound dark matter annihilation
Authors: Pospelov Maxim , Ray Anupam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A sub-component of dark matter with a short collision length compared to a planetary size leads to efficient accumulation of dark matter in astrophysical bodies. We analyze possible neutrino signals from the annihilation of such dark matter and conclude that in the optically thick regime for dark matter capture, the Earth provides the largest neutrino flux. Using the results of the existing searches, we consider two scenarios for the neutrino flux, from stopped mesons and prompt higher-energy neutrinos. In both cases we exclude some previously unexplored parts of the parameter space (dark matter mass, its abundance, and the scattering cross section on nuclei) by recasting the existing neutrino searches.
WarmSPy: a numerical study of cosmological perturbations
in warm inflation
Authors: Montefalcone Gabriele , Aragam Vikas , Visinelli Luca , Freese Katherine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present WarmSPy, a numerical code in Python designed to solve for the
perturbations' equations in warm inflation models and compute the corresponding scalar power
spectrum at CMB horizon crossing. In models of warm inflation, a radiation bath of temperature T
during inflation induces a dissipation (friction) rate of strength Q ∝ Tc
/ϕm
in the
equation of motion for the inflaton field ϕ. While for a temperature-independent dissipation
rate (c = 0) an analytic expression for the scalar power spectrum exists, in the case of a
non-zero value for c the set of equations can only be solved numerically. For c > 0 (c < 0), the
coupling between the perturbations in the inflaton field and radiation induces a growing
(decaying) mode in the scalar perturbations, generally parameterized by a multiplicative function
G(Q) which we refer to as the scalar dissipation function. Using WarmSPy, we provide an
analytic fit for G(Q) for the cases of c = {3,1,-1}, corresponding to three cases that have
been realized in physical models. Compared to previous literature results, our fits are more
robust and valid over a broader range of dissipation strengths
Q ∈ [10-7,104]. Additionally, for the first time, we numerically assess the stability of
the scalar dissipation function against various model parameters, inflationary histories as well
as the effects of metric perturbations. As a whole, the results do not depend appreciably on most
of the parameters in the analysis, except for the dissipation index c, providing evidence for
the universal behaviour of the scalar dissipation function G(Q).
Cosmological constraints from the tomography of DES-Y3 galaxies with CMB lensing from ACT DR4
Authors: Marques G.A. , Madhavacheril M.S. , Darwish O. , Shaikh S. , Aguena M. , Alves O. , Avila S. , Bacon D. , Baxter E.J. , Bechtol K. , Becker M.R. , Bertin E. , Blazek J. , Richard Bond J. , Brooks D. , Cai H. , Calabrese E. , Carnero Rosell A. , Carrasco Kind M. , Carretero J. , Cawthon R. , Crocce M. , da Costa L.N. , Pereira M.E.S. , De Vicente J. , Desai S. , Diehl H.T. , Doel P. , Doux C. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Dunkley J. , Elvin-Poole J. , Everett S. , Ferraro S. , Ferrero I. , Flaugher B. , Fosalba P. , García-Bellido J. , Gatti M. , Giannini G. , Gluscevic V. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R.A. , Gutierrez G. , Harrison I. , Colin Hill J. , Hinton S.R. , Hollowood D.L. , Honscheid K. , Huterer D. , Jeffrey N. , Kim J. , Kuehn K. , Lahav O. , Lemos P. , Lima M. , Huffenberger K.M. , MacCrann N. , Marshall J.L. , Mena-Fernández J. , Miquel R. , Mohr J.J. , Moodley K. , Muir J. , Naess S. , Nati F. , Page L.A. , Palmese A. , Plazas Malagón A.A. , Porredon A. , Prat J. , Qu F.J. , Raveri M. , Ross A.J. , Rykoff E.S. , Farren G.S. , Samuroff S. , Sanchez E. , Schubnell M. , Sehgal N. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Sheldon E. , Sherwin B.D. , Sifón C. , Smith M. , Spergel D.N. , Staggs S.T. , Suchyta E. , Tarle G. , To C. , Van Engelen A. , Weaverdyck N. , Weller J. , Wenzl L. , Wiseman P. , Wollack E.J. , Yanny B. ,   The ACT and DES collaborations
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a measurement of the cross-correlation between the MagLim galaxies selected from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) first three years of observations (Y3) and cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 4 (DR4), reconstructed over ∼ 436 deg2 of the sky. Our galaxy sample, which covers ∼ 4143 deg2, is divided into six redshift bins spanning the redshift range of 0.20<z<1.05. We adopt a blinding procedure until passing all consistency and systematics tests. After imposing scale cuts for the cross-power spectrum measurement, we reject the null hypothesis of no correlation at 9.1σ. We constrain cosmological parameters from a joint analysis of galaxy and CMB lensing-galaxy power spectra considering a flat ΛCDM model, marginalized over 23 astrophysical and systematic nuisance parameters. We find the clustering amplitude S
8 ≡ σ
8(Ω
m
/0.3)0.5 = 0.75+0.04
-0.05. In addition, we constrain the linear growth of cosmic structure as a function of redshift. Our results are consistent with recent DES Y3 analyses and suggest a preference for a lower S
8 compared to results from measurements of CMB anisotropies by the Planck satellite, although at a mild level (< 2σ) of statistical significance.
Structure of persistently prominent stocks in financial dynamics
Authors: Qiu Tian , Sun Xiao-Wen , Chen Guang , Zhong Li-Xin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Prominent components of financial markets have been identified in previous studies using random matrix theory. However, these studies are typically conducted based on static periods. Although these components may dominate during certain periods, they may not necessarily maintain dominance. In financial dynamics, it is important to understand how dominant components persist. In this study, we reveal the structure of prominent stocks by determining the stocks that remain dominant, namely persistently prominent stocks, based on eigenvalue and eigenvector analyses of multiple short time windows. Structural persistence is investigated by a temporal correlation, which suggests better structural sustainability of the persistently prominent stocks for the sector mode and a more stable structure of the whole market for the market mode. Furthermore, persistently prominent stocks are found to have a higher cross-correlation than the whole market for the market mode but show a lower correlation in extreme market states and present a business sector effect for the sector mode.
Multiscaling in the 3D critical site-diluted Ising ferromagnet
Authors: Marinari E , Martin-Mayor V , Parisi G , Ricci-Tersenghi F , Ruiz-Lorenzo J J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study numerically the appearance of multiscaling behavior in the 3D ferromagnetic Ising site-diluted model, in the form of a multifractal distribution of the decay exponents for the spatial correlation functions at the critical temperature. We have computed the exponents of the long-distance decay of higher moments of the correlation function, up to the 10th power, by studying three different quantities: global susceptibilities, local susceptibilities and correlation functions. We have found very clear evidence of multiscaling behavior.
Experimental research on energy recovery efficiency and dynamic characteristics of heavy electric forklift
Authors: Gong Wen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The heavy electric forklift adopts a high-voltage system with fast charging speed and a large amount of recoverable potential energy. Energy recovery can prolong the operation time and improve the overall efficiency of the machine significantly. The energy recovery system has a large flow range, and the system of a single hydraulic motor-permanent magnet synchronous motor cannot meet the actual working needs of the heavy electric forklift. This paper proposes a new energy recovery system with dual hydraulic motors and permanent magnet synchronous motors. The system has two work modes, single and dual modes. The system operates in the single mode for a low flow rate and the dual mode for a high flow rate. Experimental research on energy recovery efficiency and dynamic characteristics is carried out. The experimental results show that power generation efficiency is above 50% within a certain speed range.
Development of n-heptane/2-butyltetrahydrofuran mechanism based on decoupling approach
Authors: Chen Konghao , Lu Heng , Zhang Qingfeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aims to investigate 2-butyltetrahydrofuran (2-BTHF) as a potential alternative to diesel engine fuel. In response to the fact that the chemical kinetic mechanism for the combustion of 2-BTHF blended with diesel has not yet been established, the present study simplified and optimized the mechanism of 2-BTHF and n-heptane by using the direct relationship diagram method and sensitivity analysis and constructed a combined 2-BTHF/n-heptane mechanism based on the decoupling method. The validation of experimental results shows that the combined mechanism can accurately predict the combustion process and agrees well with the experimental data, and thus a reliable 2-BTHF/n-heptane combined mechanism has been successfully established, which provides an effective tool for simulating the combustion of diesel and the mixture of 2-BTHF and diesel with a high degree of accuracy and applicability.
PV power prediction based on feature selection and GMM clustering
Authors: Peng Kun , Tan Xiaohong , Wang Zunming , Wu Yuelan , Cai Yuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The increase in the installed capacity of photovoltaics (PV) brings great challenges to the stable operation of the power system. To improve the accuracy of PV power prediction, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and Grey Relation analysis (GRA) are combined to analyze and screen each meteorological feature to ensure the effectiveness and reasonableness of the input features. Based on the analysis of meteorological features, the Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) clustering method is proposed to cluster the historical data sets. The historical data are clustered into two categories: simple PV power change and complex PV power change, which facilitates the model to learn the power change characteristics under different weather conditions. A Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) prediction model is built to mine the timing properties of the two types of data and trained and tested separately. By setting several error evaluation indexes for comprehensive judgment, the methods in this paper are better than several other classical prediction methods and have a strong adaptability to different weather conditions.
Effect of H2S on high-pressure decarbonization of biogas based on aspen hysys
Authors: Ma Ke , Lu Yuangang , Li Zhenpeng , Dou Mingyaun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper studied the process of distributed methane purification and proposed a method to collect and separate carbon dioxide from methane by simulation. Aspen Hysys software was used to simulate the effect of hydrogen sulfide content change on methane compression, separation, and decarbonization purification process. The critical properties of methane, power consumption of the compressor, and caloric value of methane were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Therefore, this article has significant guidance on how to improve the high value-added utilization of biogas, recover CO2 and utilize it with high quality, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It is also one of the key directions of biogas research both domestically and internationally.