bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the 177mLu-concentration in in-house produced 177Lu-radiopharmaceuticals and commercially available Lutathera®
Authors: Balzer Matthias , Spiecker Fleur , Bluemel Stephanie , Amthauer Holger , Brenner Winfried , Spreckelmeyer Sarah 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
177Lu-radiopharmaceuticals can contain the metastable impurity [177mLu]lutetium with a physical half-life of 160.4 days, in varying concentrations depending on the route of production of the radionuclidic precursor [177Lu]lutetium. Due to the long half-life of [177mLu]lutetium, difficulties with waste disposal or sterility testing could arise. Here, we analyzed several 177Lu-samples of different origins and suppliers regarding their 177mLu-concentration.

Results
All samples tested showed a 177mLu-concentration in the range that was stated on the certificate of analysis from the supplier which is in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia.

Conclusions
Although all 177mLu-concentrations were in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia, we need to take into account the respective national legislation regarding radioactivity release limits. With regard to the German legislation, several probes for sterility testing in external laboratories could not be released for transport due to the concentration of [177mLu]lutetium. Moreover, waste water tanks should specifically be monitored for 177mLu-concentration, when e.g. Lutathera® is administered in the clinic.
Awake self-proning for COVID-19 non-intubated patients—a single-centered experience
Authors: Solanki Rekha Nileshbhai , Thakkar Jayshree Mahendra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure may need intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Prone positioning in mechanically ventilated patients improves oxygenation and reduces mortality in moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. For better oxygenation and outcomes, awake proning is being tried in non-intubated patients also. Our aim was to investigate advantage of awake self-prone positioning with oxygen therapy using non-rebreathing mask (NRBM) in COVID-19 ICU patients.

Results
This prospective observational study was conducted in ICU from 18th November 2020 to 28th February 2021. Sixty COVID-19 cooperative patients with hypoxemia on arrival with hemodynamic stability were included. Patients on NRBM were advised to turn prone for 12–14 h per day. Oxygen saturation (SpO2) was recorded in supine position and 30 min after initiation of prone positioning. Ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen and fractional concentration of inspired oxygen (P/F) was recorded in supine and 24 h after initiation of prone position. Primary outcome was improvement in SpO2 > 94%. Secondary outcome was incidence of intubation.
Sixty patients were received in ICU with supplemental oxygen, and median SpO2 was 80% (IQR 70–88%). Patients were put on NRBM with median SpO2 in supine position 86% (IQR 76–90). Thirty minutes of proning increased SpO2 to 94% (IQR 89 to 97%). Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used (P = 0.001). Forty-three patients did not require intubation, and seventeen patients needed intubation.

Conclusions
Awake self-proning in COVID-19 patients on NRBM improved oxygenation with reduced intubation rate.
What can be lost? Genomic perspective on the lipid metabolism of Mucoromycota
Authors: Sokołowska Blanka , Orłowska Małgorzata , Okrasińska Alicja , Piłsyk Sebastian , Pawłowska Julia , Muszewska Anna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMucoromycota is a phylum of early diverging fungal (EDF) lineages, of mostly plant-associated terrestrial fungi. Some strains have been selected as promising biotechnological organisms due to their ability to produce polyunsaturated fatty acids and efficient conversion of nutrients into lipids. Others get their lipids from the host plant and are unable to produce even the essential ones on their own. Following the advancement in EDF genome sequencing, we carried out a systematic survey of lipid metabolism protein families across different EDF lineages. This enabled us to explore the genomic basis of the previously documented ability to produce several types of lipids within the fungal tree of life. The core lipid metabolism genes showed no significant diversity in distribution, however specialized lipid metabolic pathways differed in this regard among different fungal lineages. In total 165 out of 202 genes involved in lipid metabolism were present in all tested fungal lineages, while remaining 37 genes were found to be absent in some of fungal lineages. Duplications were observed for 69 genes. For the first time we demonstrate that ergosterol is not being produced by several independent groups of plant-associated fungi due to the losses of different ERG genes. Instead, they possess an ancestral pathway leading to the synthesis of cholesterol, which is absent in other fungal lineages. The lack of diacylglycerol kinase in both Mortierellomycotina and Blastocladiomycota opens the question on sterol equilibrium regulation in these organisms. Early diverging fungi retained most of beta oxidation components common with animals including Nudt7, Nudt12 and Nudt19 pointing at peroxisome divergence in Dikarya. Finally, Glomeromycotina and Mortierellomycotina representatives have a similar set of desaturases and elongases related to the synthesis of complex, polyunsaturated fatty acids pointing at an ancient expansion of fatty acid metabolism currently being explored by biotechnological studies.
Precise orbit determination of Haiyang-2D using onboard BDS-3 B1C/B2a observations with ambiguity resolution
Authors: Jiang Kecai , Li Wenwen , Li Min , Geng Jianghui , Lyu Haixia , Zhao Qile , Liu Jingnan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Haiyang-2D altimetry mission of China is one of the first Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites that can receive new B1C/B2a signals from the BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) for Precise Orbit Determination (POD). In this work, the achievable accuracy of the single-receiver ambiguity resolution for onboard LEO satellites is studied based on the real measurements of new BDS-3 frequencies. Under normal conditions, six BDS-3 satellites on average are visible. However, the multipath of the B1C/B2a code observations presents some patchy patterns that cause near-field variations with an amplitude of approximately 40 cm and deteriorate the ambiguity-fixed rate. By modeling those errors, for the B2a code, a remarkable reduction of 53% in the Root Mean Square (RMS) is achieved at high elevations, along with an increase of 8% in the ambiguity-fixed rates. Additionally, an analysis of the onboard antenna's phase center offsets reveals that when compared to the solutions with float ambiguities, the estimated values in the antenna’s Z direction in the solutions with fixed ambiguities are notably smaller. The independent validation of the resulting POD using satellite laser ranging at 16 selected high-performance stations shows that the residuals are reduced by a minimum of 15.4% for ambiguity-fixed solutions with an RMS consistency of approximately 2.2 cm. Furthermore, when compared to the DORIS-derived orbits, a 4.3 cm 3D RMS consistency is achieved for the BDS-3-derived orbits, and the along-track bias is reduced from 2.9 to 0.4 cm using ambiguity fixing.
Effect of retrieval practice and drawing on high school students’ conceptual understanding of the carbon cycle
Authors: Wang Mengyu , Yang Ming , Kyle William C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBoth learner-generated drawing and retrieval practice methods are effective to enhance science learning. To compare the impact of combining different drawing methods (representational drawing vs. abstract drawing) with retrieval practice on the carbon cycle learning, 136 Chinese high school students enrolled in a geography course were assigned randomly to six learning conditions: students built their mental models of the carbon cycle by either generating sketches with or without access to the text learning material introducing the carbon cycle (i.e., generative sketching vs. retrieval sketching), or by creating concept maps with or without access to the learning material (i.e., generative concept mapping vs. retrieval concept mapping), or students just freely recalled on what they have learned from the learning material by paragraphing (i.e., retrieval practice), or restudied the learning material with note-taking (i.e., restudy). Students’ learning outcomes were assessed by immediate and one-week delayed tests. Results revealed that no difference was found between the six conditions on the immediate test, whereas students in the retrieval practice condition with paragraphing significantly outperformed those who did not practice retrieval on the one-week delayed test. However, there was no difference between the two drawing conditions regardless of whether they were adopted with or without retrieval practice. Furthermore, the same pattern was found on the factual knowledge questions in both tests, but no main effect of condition was found on both the immediate and the delayed tests for the application questions. We conclude that retrieval-based drawing could be adopted for climate change education at the high school level.
Stem cell therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and end-stage liver disease
Authors: Abdellateif Mona S. , Zekri Abdel-Rahman N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide, especially for patients who are suffering from end-stage liver disease (ESLD). The ESLD is considered a great challenge for clinicians due to the limited chance for liver transplantation, which is the only curative treatment for those patients. Stem cell-based therapy as a part of regenerative medicine represents a promising application for ESLD patients. Many clinical trials were performed to assess the utility of bone marrow-derived stem cells as a potential therapy for patients with liver diseases. The aim of the present study is to present and review the various types of stem cell-based therapy, including the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs), CD34 + hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and cancer stem cells.Though this type of therapy achieved promising results for the treatment of ESLD, however still there is a confounding data regarding its clinical application. A large body of evidence is highly required to evaluate the stem cell-based therapy after long-term follow-up, with respect to the incidence of toxicity, immunogenicity, and tumorigenesis that developed in many patients.
The reliability of POCUS in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia in critically ill pediatric patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mohamed Shereen A. , Bazaraa Hafez M. , Ishak Sally K. , El-Ghobashy Mohamed H. , Gommaa Maie A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Community-acquired pneumonia represents a noteworthy concern in terms of morbidity and mortality, particularly in countries with lower and middle-income levels. Accurate and timely diagnosis of pneumonia is crucial for optimal management. Chest CT is considered the gold standard imaging for diagnosis of pneumonia, but it is not always readily available and exposes children to radiation hazards, so it becomes important to find easily available and less hazardous imaging tools such as lung ultrasound to diagnose pneumonia.
A comparative investigation was carried out to assess the diagnostic capability of lung ultrasound in critically ill pediatric patients presenting with respiratory symptoms. Forty-two patients with community-acquired pneumonia from the pediatric intensive care unit were included.

Results
Lung ultrasound demonstrated high sensitivity (88.1%) and specificity in diagnosing pneumonia, outperforming chest X-ray (50%) and providing comparable results to chest CT (95.2%). In addition, 45.2% of patients required mechanical ventilation, and 69.1% were diagnosed with viral pneumonia.

Conclusion
The employment of lung ultrasound is deemed secure, accessible, transferable, and efficacious in the expeditious detection of community-acquired pneumonia and the subsequent monitoring of patients. Its high sensitivity and specificity make it a valuable imaging modality in pediatric pneumonia diagnosis, helping clinicians make informed decisions and improve patient outcomes.
MRI of Endometriosis: Single institute experience including MRI classification and Laparoscopic correlation with ENZIAN classification
Authors: Elsadawy Momena Essam Ibrahim , Ali Heba Ibrahim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition affecting women of reproductive age and may cause pelvic pain and infertility. MRI is the best imaging technique for mapping and preoperative staging of endometriosis as it provides a tool for the assessment of deep infiltrating endometriosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detection and characterization of endometriosis in correlation between it and the laparoscopic findings according to ENZIAN classification.

Methods
We assessed 100 patients by MRI dedicated pelvis protocol for endometriosis with an assessment of the ovaries, uterus, uterosacral ligaments (USL), broad ligaments, and round ligaments, cul-de-sac, rectosigmoid colon, bladder, ureters, and rectovaginal septum. All these patients are submitted for laparoscopy, and then, data from both investigations were correlated.

Results
MRI provided a road map for surgeons before laparoscopy. The sensitivity of MRI was 87.5% in small deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) (grade A1) and 100% in large DIE (A2). MRI detected 82.3% of uterosacral ligament involvement, specificity 80%. Detection rate in rectal involvement was 71.4%, specificity 75%. There was 100% sensitivity and specificity in adenomyosis and urinary bladder endometriosis.

Conclusions
Preoperative detection of endometriotic lesions is recommended using a dedicated MRI endometriosis protocol to choose the surgical approach and for proper multidisciplinary teamwork planning.
Developing ethical standards for dissemination and implementation research: a roadmap for consensus and guidance
Authors: Tetteh Emmanuel K. , Geng Elvin H. , Huffman Mark D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
As a relatively new field, dissemination and implementation research has not been included as a separate study design category for ethical consideration compared with clinical and social/behavioral research, yet it should be based on unique study designs, targets of intervention, and corresponding risks.

Main text
Research teams conducting dissemination and implementation research have raised important questions related to the responsible conduct of research such as collecting informed consent, site monitoring, identifying and mitigating risks of unintended consequences, and adverse event ascertainment and reporting in dissemination and implementation research. In this commentary, we highlight the need for guidance and consensus standards on ethical issues in dissemination and implementation research and describe some ethical domains and relevant questions in dissemination and implementation research. Additionally, we propose a process for conceptual development and a research agenda to create consensus standards for the responsible conduct of research for dissemination and implementation research.

Conclusion
Thorough research is needed to understand the depth of ethical issues in dissemination and implementation research. A consensus-seeking process will be needed to develop new bioethical standards that carefully identify, measure, and mitigate unintended consequences in dissemination and implementation research.
Immunogenicity of extracellular proteins of Flavobacterium covae in Ictalurus punctatus
Authors: Sayed Mohamed , Omar Rania 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Columnaris disease, instigated by Gram-negative Flavobacterium covae (F. covae), is a dreadful disease of many different genera of freshwater fish with alarmingly high mortality rates. Ictalurus punctatus (I. punctatus) is extremely prone to this disease. Despite the terrible implications of this disease, very little is known about how the host and the bacterium's virulence factor interact. Secreted extracellular proteins (SEPs) are key bacterial virulence agents that frequently provide immunogenicity. In a previous study, the major secreted extracellular proteins of F. covae were identified and their protective efficacy was verified in I. punctatus, and the results were published. In the current study, an endeavor has been made to examine the progressive shifts in I. punctatus immunity following immunization with F. covae SEPs in order to more thoroughly comprehend the host's intrinsic and acquired immune responses against F. covae infection. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA) is operated to analyze specific humoral immune responses against SEPs of F. covae. Moreover, the expressions of immune-associated genes that are related to inherent and acquired immunity were monitored in the anterior kidneys and spleens of the vaccinated I. punctatus.

Results
Marked rise in immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels were detected in the serum of I. punctatus vaccinated with different SEP formulations, including crude SEPs, heat-deactivated SEPs, and SEPs combined with adjuvant, at 14 and 21 days post-vaccination. At the same time points, a marked increase in the expression levels of clusters of differentiation (CD4-1 and CD8-β) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) genes was detected in the vaccinated fish's anterior kidneys and spleens, while the highest levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) up-regulations were detected in the immunized fish's anterior kidneys 14 days following vaccination.

Conclusions
This work revealed that SEPs are an effective basis for vaccination against F. covae infection, eliciting humoral and inherent immune responses of I. punctatus after SEPs immunization. Improvements are needed to further enhance the I. punctatus immunological responses to SEPs of F. covae since these antigens remain a prospective candidate for future optimization and clinical trials in aquaculture settings.
Diagnostic dilemma in disseminated TB could be fatal: lesson learned through a bitter encounter
Authors: Bahar Moni Ahmed Suparno , Johnson Tiffany Ann , McGarvey Cade Ray , Ivy Razia Sultana , Yean Tasmia Jahan , Ahmad Muhamad Zabidi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA definitive diagnosis of soft tissue cystic swelling is challenging, as clinical and imaging findings might misguide the clinician and delay timely diagnosis and treatment as well as outcome. The radiological features of tubercular cysts often overlap with that of sarcoma or metastatic cancer. Involvement of a multidisciplinary team, tissue biopsy, and histopathology should supplement standard diagnostic testing and imaging to confirm the diagnosis and avoid delay in treatment. We report a case of multiple cystic swelling of the upper limb, ankle, and pelvis mimicking metastatic ovarian cancer which was later diagnosed as a case of disseminated tuberculosis.
Hemoglobin Glycation Index: A Novel Risk Factor for Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in an Apparently Healthy Population
Authors: Nakasone Yasuto , Miyakoshi Takahiro , Sakuma Takahiro , Toda Shigeru , Yamada Yosuke , Oguchi Tomomasa , Hirabayashi Kazuko , Koike Hideo , Yamashita Koh , Aizawa Toru 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Context
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem. Recent literature has shown an association of hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and CKD in patients with dysglycemia.

Objective
The aim of this study was to reveal the impact of HGI as a predictor for incident CKD in the general population.

Methods
CKD was defined as dipstick proteinuria or estimated glomerular rate (eGFR) &lt; 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Impact of HGI on incident CKD was assessed using the data from CKD-free health examinees (N = 23 467, 4.1% with diabetes) followed for a mean of 5.1 years: Cox proportional hazards model was employed with multivariate adjustment for age, systolic blood pressure, eGFR, fasting plasma glucose, body mass index, log[alanine aminotransferase], log[triglycerides], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, platelet counts, smoking, and sex. Elevated level of HGI in subjects with CKD was ascertained after propensity score matching of another group of health examinees (N = 2580, 7.6% with diabetes).

Results
In the former group, CKD developed in 2540 subjects and HGI was the second most robust predictor for CKD, following low eGFR. With adjustment for the 11 covariates, the hazard ratio of HGI (95% CI) for CKD was 1.293 (1.238 to 1.349) (P &lt; .0001). The population attributable risk of HGI for CKD was 4.2%. In the latter group, among 708 subjects matched 1:1 for 9 covariates, HGI was significantly elevated in subjects with CKD (median [interquartile range] −0.208 [−0.504 to −0.156] vs −0.284 [−0.582 to 0.052], P = .03).

Conclusion
HGI was a novel risk factor for CKD in the general population.
Effect of Burosumab on Muscle Function and Strength, and Rates of ATP Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle in Adults With XLH
Authors: Insogna Karl L , Sullivan Rebecca , Parziale Stephen , Deng Yanhong , Carrano Diana , Simpson Christine , Dufour Sylvie , Carpenter Thomas , Petersen Kitt Falk 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Context
In clinical trials, burosumab ameliorates symptoms of pain, fatigue, and stiffness and improves performance on certain muscle function studies in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH).

Objective
This work aimed to determine if burosumab increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis in skeletal muscle of treatment-naive adults with XLH, and if so, whether that correlates with improved muscle function.

Methods
Ten untreated, symptomatic adults with XLH had ATP synthesis rates measured in the right calf using the 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy saturation transfer technique. Baseline muscle function tests and symptoms of pain, fatigue, stiffness, and lower-extremity joint pain were quantified. All participants were treated with burosumab, 1 mg/kg every 4 weeks for 12 weeks. ATP synthesis rates and muscle function tests were repeated 2 weeks (“peak”) and 4 weeks (“trough”) after the third dose of burosumab.

Results
All symptoms improved with treatment. Performance on the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and Sit to Stand (STS) tests also improved. Muscle strength and ATP synthesis rates did not change over the 3 months of the study. When individuals whose performances on the 6MWT and STS test were at or better than the median outcome for those tests were compared to those whose outcomes were below the median, no difference was observed in the rate of change in ATP synthesis. Intracellular muscle concentrations of phosphate were normal.

Conclusion
The improvement in the 6MWT and STS test without changes in muscle strength or ATP synthesis rates suggests that reductions in pain, fatigue, and stiffness may partly explain the improved performance. Intracellular phosphate in skeletal muscle is insulated from hypophosphatemia in XLH.