bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PP106 Integrating Organizational Impacts Into Health Technology Assessment: How To Take Them Into Account For Medical Devices?
Authors: Piotto Estelle , Fouteau Emmanuelle , Marguerite Camille , Galmiche Hubert , Adenot Isabelle 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe organizational impact (OI) of new technologies is becoming a major driver for our healthcare systems and for modernizing the care pathway for the benefit of users and professionals. Some technologies give rise to a reorganization of the healthcare system, particularly in the case of connected medical devices.The Medical Device Committee at Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) appraises medical devices (MD) in view of their reimbursement by the French health insurance scheme. The Committee’s evaluation criteria take account of the therapeutic benefit of the MD and its public health benefit. OI-related aspects are frequently claimed by health technology developers (HTD) in their MD submission dossiers. However, this aspect is rarely documented. Therefore, guidance explaining how HTD should support and structure any claim of an OI was needed.MethodsThis work was based on the HAS OI Map for Health Technology Assessment published in 2020, the analyses of specific HAS opinions, hearings with concerned stakeholders (HTD, service providers and patients), and a committee meeting focused on OI.ResultsThe HTD guide for MD submission was updated with guidance to support OI claims. For each claimed OI, the HTD should identify the criterion corresponding to the most relevant OI, the indicator to describe each selected criterion, the stakeholders concerned, and the data to be provided. The choice of method is according to the OI: if the indicator is measurable, data from validated measurement tools are expected. If not, especially in cases where the use of the MD requires a specific organization before its deployment, the absence of data must be justified and a detailed impact analysis is necessary. In this case, the development plan for the demonstration of the OI is needed.ConclusionsWith this updated guide for HTDs, claimed OI dimension shall be better supported in future MD dossiers submitted to HAS in view of their reimbursement in France.
PP125 Why Understanding The Burden Of The Population Is Fundamental
Authors: Schöb Franziska J. , Hahn-Pedersen Julie Hviid 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionDespite intense efforts in development of new treatments over the last two decades, symptomatic treatments remain the only option for the vast majority patients diagnosed with dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There remains a significant unmet need for disease modifying therapies (DMTs) to slow or stop AD progression. DMTs in development are targeting early stages of AD (pre-clinical, mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia stages), thereby creating an entirely new treatment paradigm for patients, clinicians, and payers. A key challenge will be in identifying the appropriate patient for treatment in a very heterogenous population. We have performed a literature review to better understand and define the AD population, with a view to enabling more targeted treatment in future.MethodsEmbase, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify publications between 2010-2021 on observational studies reporting evidence on prevalence and subgroup identification, including clinical feasibility of identification. The search was restricted to English language.ResultsWe identified 45 studies, mostly from Europe, USA and Asia. Populations were primarily grouped based on generic demographic factors (e.g., age, sex, gender), AD staging, comorbidities or biomarkers. Prevalence data was available for six subpopulations: pre-dementia stage, mild dementia, age, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, comorbid obesity and hypertension. Across these, data on prevalence were heterogenous depending on study design and country of origin, and ranging between 66 million to 102 million for people with mild AD dementia, or as another example, ranging between 46 million to 92 million for APOE genotype carriers worldwide.ConclusionsThe heterogeneity and the uncertainty in prevalence of the AD population represent big challenges to clinicians and payers. Future discussions on target patient identification for new treatments should be aligned and integrated with current clinical practice e.g. leveraging validated biomarkers as diagnostic tools. Additional research on an integrated approach to identify patients who would benefit the most from DMTs will be needed.
PP131 Health Technology Assessment Agencies’ Expectations Regarding Patient Experience Data in Europe
Authors: Zschocke Juergen , Alonzo Carolina , Ding Ding , Poon Jiat-Ling , Vonarx Lillbrith , Avitabile Arianna , Myrick Shane , Hill Jennifer , Molero Alberto , Perez Nancy , Delbecque Laure 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionHealth technology assessment (HTA) agencies are increasingly embracing patient experience data (PED) to support reimbursement decisions. This study aimed to describe the European Network for HTA (EUnetHTA) and HTA agencies expectations regarding PED to support reimbursement in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK.MethodsPublished HTA guidance documents were reviewed to identify recommendations related to clinical outcomes assessment (COA) (including disease-specificity, validation, analyses, endpoints and interpretation) and other forms of PED (e.g., patient preference information) in HTA decision-making. Insights from guidance documents were supplemented with a review of literature and published HTA cases and interviews with key opinion leaders (KOLs) focused on current and future states.ResultsThe German and French guidance documents include PED recommendations focused on relevant COA and health-related quality of life data, without detailing preferred COA measures. However, key differences were noted between these two countries in the methodological approaches regarding responder definitions, acceptable missing data threshold and multiplicity analyses. These differences were reinforced by the case studies and the KOLs. UK’s sources also focused on COA, in general proposing specific use of the EQ-5D to derive utility values for modelling, but included limited details on other PED-related elements. The Italian and Spanish guidance documents do not detail COA or other PED expectations, but the Italian KOL described that COA is considered if submitted. The currently developed EUnetHTA21 guidelines include PED-related information that bear the signature of certain individual HTA bodies. Globally, there is limited interest in PED beyond COA across the agencies.ConclusionsThe level of expectations with regards to PED varies across EUnetHTA and several European HTA agencies. Interest in PED derived from non-COA sources is limited across the countries. Knowing each agency’s expectations with regards to PED is key when submitting HTA evidence dossiers and should be considered early in clinical trial design to integrate market access perspectives and optimize drug development. Global harmonization would help advancing PED measurement standards.
PP151 HTA Of Fast Track Hip And Knee Joint Replacement
Authors: Banfi Giuseppe , Borghi Stefano , Bernareggi Susan , Restelli Umberto , Vitale Jacopo 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThis retrospective study was conducted, in accordance with the STROBE guidelines, (Vandenbroucke et al., 2007), considering patients receiving surgical interventions for hip and knee replacement at the IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, located in Milan (Italy), between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019 (two years of traditional procedure, and two years of new one).MethodsWe evaluated 10,922 patients treated for hip or knee joint replacement; there were 5,085 treated following the traditional procedure and 5,837 treated by fast track procedure. Excluding cases which could not satisfy the study criteria we evaluated finally 697 with traditional procedure and 1120 with the new one.ResultsWith the new fast track procedure, knee replacement mean costs were decreased by an average of EUR1,112.4 (-19.9%). Excluding the cost of prostheses from the analysis, the mean costs in the pre fast-track period for knee replacement are equal to EUR3,918.1, while the mean cost of the intervention in the fast-track period was equal to EUR3,245.8, being EUR572.3 lower (-17.2%). Considering the number of days of hospitalization, the adoption of fast-track leads to a decrease of -2.8 days (-37.6%) in knee replacement, from a mean number of days of 7.6 (± 2.8), to a mean number of days of 4.8 (± 1.8), and of – 2.9 days (-39.2%) in hip replacement, from a mean number of days of 7.3 (± 2.7) to a mean number of days of 4.4 (± 2.0).ConclusionsWe performed a study over four years, with a wide number of cases treated by various teams in the hospital having the highest workload on hip and knee joint replacements in Italy.The new fast-track procedure is efficient; the length of stay was decreased by the procedure; the direct and indirect costs were decreased; the hospital organization was improved; the increase of care intensity did not modify efficiency and costs; the effectiveness was similar to the traditional procedure as defined by outcomes collected in a registry, including patient reported outcome measures (PROMs); legal and social effects were not modified.
Desegregation is Not a Black and White Issue: Latino Advocacy for Equal Schooling before and after Brown
Authors: THOMAS LORRIN 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article argues for the importance of reframing the history of school desegregation in the United States beyond Black and white and beyond the regional frames through which this history has been interpreted. In Western states, most Latino children attended schools segregated not by law but by custom starting in the early twentieth century; Latino students also encountered de facto segregation in the Eastern and Midwestern cities with large Puerto Rican populations by the 1950s. Parents, students, advocates, and activists protested the inequality of educational outcomes for Latino children over many decades, developing distinctive strategies to address the combination of racial and language-based discrimination faced by Latino students. Yet, because they were marginalized in political debates in the 1960s and 1970s and because most national-level historical scholarship on school desegregation focuses on Black and white participants, Latinos’ role in this aspect of our national civil rights history has remained obscured.
Authigenic Iron Is a Significant Component of Oceanic Labile Particulate Iron Inventories
Authors: Sofen Laura E. , Antipova Olga A. , Buck Kristen N. , Caprara Salvatore , Chacho Lauren , Johnson Rodney J. , Kim Gabriella , Morton Peter , Ohnemus Daniel C. , Rauschenberg Sara , Sedwick Peter N. , Tagliabue Alessandro , Twining Benjamin S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractParticulate phases transport trace metals (TM) and thereby exert a major control on TM distribution in the ocean. Particulate TMs can be classified by their origin as lithogenic (crustal material), biogenic (cellular), or authigenic (formed in situ), but distinguishing these fractions analytically in field samples is a challenge often addressed using operational definitions and assumptions. These different phases require accurate characterization because they have distinct roles in the biogeochemical iron cycle. Particles collected from the upper 2,000 m of the northwest subtropical Atlantic Ocean over four seasonal cruises throughout 2019 were digested with a chemical leach to operationally distinguish labile particulate material from refractory lithogenics. Direct measurements of cellular iron (Fe) were used to calculate the biogenic contribution to the labile Fe fraction, and any remaining labile material was defined as authigenic. Total particulate Fe (PFe) inventories varied <15% between seasons despite strong seasonality in dust inputs. Across seasons, the total PFe inventory (±1SD) was composed of 73 ± 13% lithogenic, 18 ± 7% authigenic, and 10 ± 8% biogenic Fe above the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM), and 69 ± 8% lithogenic, 30 ± 8% authigenic, and 1.1 ± 0.5% biogenic Fe below the DCM. Data from three other ocean regions further reveal the importance of the authigenic fraction across broad productivity and Fe gradients, comprising ca. 20%–27% of total PFe.
Climate Warming Favoring Sublimation on a Westerlies‐Controlled Glacier of Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Guo Shuhai , Li Yueping , Chen Rensheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDuring the past few decades, the climate over the entire TP changed obviously with general warming and the decreasing trends in wind speed and air humidity. As an important hydrological process of mass losses on the TP glaciers, especially during the cold period, sublimation may be influenced deeply by the climate changes. Therefore, it is imperative to identify the crucial factors controlling and limiting glacier sublimation and analyze its possible changes in the future. The sublimation on a flat‐topped glacier of TP was found to be more intense in spring (0.41 mm d−1) and autumn (0.34 mm d−1) and weak in winter (0.27 mm d−1) and summer (0.16 mm d−1). At yearly scale, sublimation was most sensitive to the surface temperature, followed by air temperature and humidity, and was relatively insensitive to wind speed. However, the main influencing factor was air humidity during summer, showing a strong inhibition on sublimation. The very low surface temperature was the most crucial variable limiting winter sublimation with the highest sensitivity coefficient than other variables. Current sublimation was also found to be more sensitive to the increasing temperature than the decreased air humidity and wind speed. If the climate trends continue, and the glacier climate has the relatively consistent change trend with that of entire TP, glacier sublimation will be more likely to increase, especially during winter.
Quantitatively mapping local quality of super-resolution microscopy by rolling Fourier ring correlation
Authors: Zhao Weisong , Huang Xiaoshuai , Yang Jianyu , Qu Liying , Qiu Guohua , Zhao Yue , Wang Xinwei , Su Deer , Ding Xumin , Mao Heng , Jiu Yaming , Hu Ying , Tan Jiubin , Zhao Shiqun , Pan Leiting , Chen Liangyi , Li Haoyu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn fluorescence microscopy, computational algorithms have been developed to suppress noise, enhance contrast, and even enable super-resolution (SR). However, the local quality of the images may vary on multiple scales, and these differences can lead to misconceptions. Current mapping methods fail to finely estimate the local quality, challenging to associate the SR scale content. Here, we develop a rolling Fourier ring correlation (rFRC) method to evaluate the reconstruction uncertainties down to SR scale. To visually pinpoint regions with low reliability, a filtered rFRC is combined with a modified resolution-scaled error map (RSM), offering a comprehensive and concise map for further examination. We demonstrate their performances on various SR imaging modalities, and the resulting quantitative maps enable better SR images integrated from different reconstructions. Overall, we expect that our framework can become a routinely used tool for biologists in assessing their image datasets in general and inspire further advances in the rapidly developing field of computational imaging.
Temporal differences and commonalities between hand and tool neural processing
Authors: Amaral L. , Besson G. , Caparelli-Dáquer E. , Bergström F. , Almeida J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObject recognition is a complex cognitive process that relies on how the brain organizes object-related information. While spatial principles have been extensively studied, less studied temporal dynamics may also offer valuable insights into this process, particularly when neural processing overlaps for different categories, as it is the case of the categories of hands and tools. Here we focus on the differences and/or similarities between the time-courses of hand and tool processing under electroencephalography (EEG). Using multivariate pattern analysis, we compared, for different time points, classification accuracy for images of hands or tools when compared to images of animals. We show that for particular time intervals (~ 136–156 ms and ~ 252–328 ms), classification accuracy for hands and for tools differs. Furthermore, we show that classifiers trained to differentiate between tools and animals generalize their learning to classification of hand stimuli between ~ 260–320 ms and ~ 376–500 ms after stimulus onset. Classifiers trained to distinguish between hands and animals, on the other hand, were able to extend their learning to the classification of tools at ~ 150 ms. These findings suggest variations in semantic features and domain-specific differences between the two categories, with later-stage similarities potentially related to shared action processing for hands and tools.
On effects of freezing and thawing cycles of concrete containing nano-$$\mathbf {SiO_2}$$: experimental study of material properties and crack simulation
Authors: Arasteh-Khoshbin O. , Seyedpour S. M. , Brodbeck M. , Lambers L. , Ricken T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConstruction during cold weather can lead to freezing accidents in concrete, causing significant hidden threats to the project’s performance and safety by affecting the mechanical properties and durability reduction. This study aims to deduce the compressive strength and durability of the concrete containing nano-$$\mathrm{SiO}_2$$

SiO
2

under freezing-thawing cycles with the Caspian seawater curing condition. The specimens were subjected to freezing-thawing cycles according to ASTM C666. Furthermore, crack propagation in the concrete after freezing-thawing cycles is simulated. The results reveal that adding until nano-$$\mathrm{SiO}_2$$

SiO
2

until 6% improved compressive strength before and after freezing-thaw cycles. The water permeability experiences a substantial reduction as the amount of nano-$$\mathrm{SiO}_2$$

SiO
2

increases. Furthermore, the water permeability exhibits a positive correlation with the number of cycles, resulting in significantly higher values after 150 cycles compared to the initial sample. Moreover, adding 8% nano-$$\mathrm{SiO}_2$$

SiO
2

reduced the depth of water permeability and chloride ion penetration after 150 cycles by 57% and 86%, respectively. The crack simulation results indicate that concrete containing 6% nano-$$\mathrm{SiO}_2$$

SiO
2

shows an optimal resistance against crack formation. Concrete with 6% nano-$$\mathrm{SiO}_2$$

SiO
2

requires 13.88% less force for crack initialization after 150 freezing and thawing cycles. Among different nano-$$\mathrm{SiO}_2$$

SiO
2

percentages, 6% shows the best crack resistance and 8% the minimum water permeability and chloride ion penetration.
Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye using eco-friendly synthesized rGO@ZnO nanocomposites
Authors: Negash Asfaw , Mohammed Said , Weldekirstos Hulugirgesh Degefu , Ambaye Abera D. , Gashu Minbale 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIndustrial chemical pollutants such as methylene blue (MB) dye are released into the water body and potentially cause harm to the human and aquatic biosphere. Therefore, this study aims to synthesize eco-friendly nanocatalysts, i.e., reduced graphene oxide (rGO), zinc oxide (ZnO), and reduced graphene oxide-zinc oxide (rGO@ZnO) nanocomposites, for efficient photocatalytic degradation of MB dye. A graphite rod was obtained from waste dry cell batteries for the electrochemical exfoliation synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) and rGO. For the eco-friendly synthesis of ZnO and rGO@ZnO nanocatalysts, Croton macrostachyus leaf extract was used as a reducing and capping agent. The synthesized nanocatalysts were characterized using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray. The eco-friendly synthesized rGO, ZnO, and rGO@ZnO nanocatalysts were applied for the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye using direct sunlight irradiation. At optimum parameters, photocatalytic degradation of MB dye efficiency reached up to 66%, 96.5%, and 99.0%, respectively. Furthermore, kinetics of the photodegradation reaction based on rGO, ZnO, and rGO@ZnO nanocatalysts follow pseudo-first-order with a rate constant of 2.16 × 10–3 min−1, 4.97 × 10−3 min−1, and 5.03 × 10−3 min−1, respectively. Lastly, this study promotes a low catalyst load (20 mg) for the efficient photodegradation of MB dye.
Evaluation of a mobile app for dark adaptation measurement in individuals with age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Pundlik Shrinivas , Shivshanker Prerana , Nigalye Archana , Luo Gang , Husain Deeba 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe present clinical evaluation of a mobile app for dark adaptation (DA) measurement in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients and in older adults (age > 50 years) without AMD or other retinal disorders (NV). The outcome measures were the area under dark adaptation curve (AUDAC) and the time for visual sensitivity to recover by 3 log units (TR). Larger AUDAC and TR values indicated worse DA response. The association of AUDAC with AMD was analyzed using linear regression, while time-to-event analysis was used for TR. 32 AMD patients (mean ± SD; age:72 ± 6.3 years, VA:0.09 ± 0.08 logMAR) and 25 NV subjects (mean ± sd; age:65 ± 8.7 years, VA:0.049 ± 0.07 logMAR) were measured with the app. Controlling for age, VA, and cataract severity, the AMD presence was significantly associated with higher AUDAC (β = 0.41, 95% CI 0.18–0.64, p = 0.001) and with slower sensitivity recovery (β = 0.32, 95% CI 0.15–0.69, p = 0.004). DA measurements with the app were highly correlated with those obtained with AdaptDx—an established clinical device (n = 18, ρ = 0.87, p < 0.001). AMD classification accuracy using the app was 72%, which was comparable to the 71% accuracy of AdaptDx. Our findings indicate that the mobile app provided reliable and clinically meaningful DA measurements that were strongly correlated with the current standard of care in AMD.
A microbial ecosystem enhanced by regulating soil carbon and nitrogen balance using biochar and nitrogen fertiliser five years after application
Authors: Meng Fanhao , Yang Hengshan , Fan Xiuyan , Gao Xin , Tai Jicheng , Sa Rula , Ge Xuanliang , Yang Xuezhen , Liu Qingyi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe indiscriminate use of nitrogen fertiliser (NF) is a obstruction to improve soil quality and crop yields. However, the effect of biochar and NF on soil microbial ecosystem (SME) and crop yields is unknown. A five-year field experiment in China aimed to evaluate the effects of biochar and nitrogen fertiliser (NF) combination on soil structure, C-to-N ratio (CNR), microbial biomass, and spring maize yield. Biochar and NF were applied at different rates, and the combined application resulted in a soil solid–liquid–gas ratio closer to the ideal value. The use of biochar alone and in combination with NF significantly increased soil's C, N, and CNR. A moderate application of biochar and NF resulted in favourable biological and chemical properties of the soil. The application of biochar and NF at moderate levels led to an increase in SME, with the B8N150 producing the highest yield. The highest yield of B8N150 represents a 24.25% increase compared to the unfertilized control and a 9.04% increase compared to B0N150. Moderate use of biochar and NF could be beneficial in areas with similar climatic conditions.