bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of food metabolism in Chinese cities: based on emergy analysis
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Yu Hu , Wang Yangyang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The rapid urbanization of the world requires attention to food metabolism processes at the micro-level of urban elements and exploration of the fundamental role of urban material and energy metabolism as represented by food metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the structure and intensity of urban food metabolism in 30 Chinese provinces using Emergy analysis and analyze the eco-efficiency of this metabolism. The findings are as follows: From 2000 to 2020, the annual growth rate of food metabolism flux in Chinese cities was 7.04%. In the "well-off society", urban residents have shown a preference for consuming high nutritional food such as meat, eggs and milk, which has become an important indicator of a high-quality lifestyle. However, this has led to an increase in the density and intensity of food metabolism, the density is mainly concentrated within the range of [0,5.0E + 08] sej/m2, with an average value of 2.4 E + 08 Sej/m2. The intensity of food metabolism can be categorized into three types, continuous expansion, lifting before lowering, and stable development according to the changing trends. The imbalance of regional density and intensity can be adjusted by changing the scale, type and structure of food circulation. Furthermore, the rapid food metabolism system has concealed ecological damage, environmental pollution, soil fertility decline and other problems. Although the eco-efficiency of food metabolism of Chinese urban residents has increased by 5.6%, they still face significant challenges in the utilization of non-renewable resources.
Environmental risk score of multiple pollutants for kidney damage among residents in vulnerable areas by occupational chemical exposure in Korea: The FROM study
Authors: Jang Hyun A , Choi Kyung-Hwa , Cho Yong Min , Han Dahee , Hong Young Seoub 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aims to develop an environmental risk score (ERS) of multiple pollutants (MP) that cause kidney damage (KD) in Korean residents near abandoned metal mines or smelters and evaluate the association between ERS and KD by a history of occupational chemical exposure (OCE). Exposure to MP consisting of nine metals, four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and four volatile organic compounds was measured as urinary metabolites. The study participants based on the Forensic Research via Omics Markers (FROM) study (n = 256). Beta-2-microglobulin (β2-MG), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were used as biomarkers of KD. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was selected as the optimal ERS model with the best performance and stability of the predicted effect size among elastic net, adaptive elastic net, weighted quantile sum regression, BKMR, Bayesian additive regression tree, and super learner model. Variable importance was estimated to evaluate the effects of metabolites on KD. When stratified with the history of OCE after adjusting for several confounding factors, the risks for KD were higher in the OCE group than those in the non-OCE group: Odds ratio (OR; 95% CI) for ERS in non-OCE and OCE groups were 2.97 (2.19, 4.02) and 6.43 (2.85, 14.5) for β2-MG, 1.37 (1.01, 1.86) and 4.16 (1.85, 9.39) for NAG, and 4.57 (3.37, 6.19) and 6.44 (2.85, 14.5) for eGFR, respectively. We found that the ERS stratified the history of OCE was the most suitable for evaluating the association between MP and KD, and the risks were higher in the OCE group than in the non-OCE group.
Study on the regulatory mechanism and experimental verification of Ardisia crenata for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tian Zhongjia , Zhu Lin , Xie Yutong , Hu Huan , Lin Qin , Luo Qian , Liu Huaqian , Wu Faming , Wang Qian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common squamous epithelial malignancies. Ardisia crenatahas an effect in the inhibition of tumor cells by regulating the cell cycle and inducing cell apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of A. crenata anti-HNSCC based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and in vitro experiments.
Methods The active compounds of A. crenata and HNSCC related targets were retrieved from SwissTargetPrediction, BATMAN-TCM, and SymMap v2 databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and the key targets were screened. GO and KEGG enrichment was conducted in DAVID. Survival analysis and core targets identification were conducted in TISIDB. The main active compounds of A. crenata were docked with the corresponding core targets by AutoDockTools and Autodock Vina. The regulatory effect of A. crenata on HNSCC was verified in FaDu cells.
Results 163 common target genes were identified as candidate targets of A. crenata for the treatment of HNSCC, the top core targets are TP53, GAPDH, AKT1, STAT3, CCND1 and SRC. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that A. crenata exerted anti-HNSCC effects mainly through pathways in cancer, prostate cancer, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and endocrine resistance. It’s also confirmed that A. crenatacould effectively inhibit the proliferation of FaDu cells, and down-regulate the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT.
Conclusion The study demonstrated the multi-targets and multi-pathways characteristics of A. crenata in the treatment of HNSCC.
Cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol synthase 2 is a synthetic lethal target in mesenchymal cancers
Authors: Arnoldus Tim , Vliet Alex van , de Groot Adriaan , Blomberg Niek , Bleijerveld Onno , Veen Susan van Hal-van , Grootemaat Anita , Harkes Rolf , Wel Nicole van der , Altelaar Maarten , Giera Martin , Peeper Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Synthetic lethal interactions (SLIs) can provide a therapeutic index, as illustrated by PARP inhibition of BRCA-deficient cancers1–4. Whereas additional SLIs based on genomic alterations in cancer have been identified5–19, we set out to explore the SLI space as a function of differential RNA expression profiles in cancer and normal tissue. By unbiased computational analyses of publicly available functional genomic and gene expression resources we uncovered a cancer-specific SLI between the paralogs cytidine diphosphate synthase 1 (CDS1) and CDS2. The essentiality of CDS2 for cell survival is observed for mesenchymal-like cancers, which express low levels of CDS1. We confirm the CDS1-2 SLI in a panel of cultured cancer cell lines and in tumor-bearing mice. Mechanistically, the CDS1-2 SLI is accompanied by disruption of lipid homeostasis including extensive accumulation of cholesterol esters and triglycerides, and induction of apoptotic cell death. Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens in a panel of CDS1-negative cancer cell lines failed to identify a common escape mechanism of death caused by CDS2 ablation, indicating the robustness of the SLI. Our findings reveal that CDS2 may serve as a pharmacologically tractable target in mesenchymal cancers, meriting therapeutic exploration.
Simulation of the Uncertainties propagation in the measurement of the scattering matrix of a duct containing porous material
Authors: Hannachi Hanen , Trabelsi Hassen , Taktak Mohamed , Chaabane Mabrouk , Haddar Mohamed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The objective of a theoretical simulation of an experiment is the identification of the experience parameters which are the most sensitive to errors to take them into account during the measurement and to reduce their corresponding errors.
In this study, a simulation of the experiment procedure of measurement of the scattering matrix and the acoustic power attenuation of a duct element containing porous material is presented. The influence of the errors of measurement parameters like the separation distance, the length of the porous material and the modulus of the incident pressure on the measured quantities (scattering matrix coefficients and the acoustic power attenuation) is evaluated using the Monte Carlo technique. This method is considered as a benchmark for examining uncertainty diffusion on theoretical methods. The results of the uncertainty simulation are used to determine the 95% confidence intervals and the maximum and minimum errors for each measured parameter. The obtained results show that errors on the estimation of the length of the porous material has a great influence on the transmission and reflection coefficients as well as the acoustic power attenuation of the studied duct. For the other parameters, their effects are negligible.
Triose phosphate utilization determines the yield-grain protein trade-off in contrasting rice genotypes under varying light intensities
Authors: Nagaraju Spoorthi , Ramesh Mohan , Vijayaraghavareddy Preethi , Abhishree Ramachandra , Chaitanya Purushothama , Sree Sheshshayee 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aim: Attempts to increase grain protein content (GPC) most often result in a reduction in yield in cereals. This trade-off between GPC and yield could arise mainly because of the shared source of reductants for carbon and nitrogen assimilation. The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether the negative relationship between yield and GPC is primarily influenced by the availability of reductants for carbon and nitrogen assimilation.
Methods: Based on the initial screening of ten high-yielding rice genotypes, we identified two genotypes contrasting in GPC with comparable yield and photosynthesis. This would be the most appropriate set to assess the interrelationship between carbon and nitrogen assimilation among the contrasts under ambient (~1500 µmole m-2 s-1) and low light intensities (~300 µmole m-2 s-1).
Results: Data suggest that triose phosphate utilization limitation acts as a switch between carbon and nitrogen assimilation. Under ambient conditions, the high GPC genotype effectively managed the flow of electrons to carbon assimilation and diverted the excess electrons to other sinks. The diversion of extra electrons, particularly to nitrite reduction, was boosted by increased substrates from higher uptake, transport, and metabolism of nitrogen in leaves. In low GPC genotype, under ambient condition, excess electrons were quenched in the form of heat.
Conclusions: The current study suggests that an efficient utilization of electrons by adopting a switch called TPU limitation coupled with better uptake of nitrogen and remobilization efficiency can be a promising genotype for breeders to develop a high yielding variety complemented with high GPC.
Hypophosphatemia in critically ill patients: Incidence, Patient Characteristics, Trajectory, Treatment and Outcomes
Authors: Attokaran Antony George , White Kyle C , Doola Ra'eesa , McIlroy Philippa , Senthuran Siva , Luke Stephen , Garrett Peter , Tabah Alexis , Shekar Kiran , Laupland Kevin B , Edwards Felicity , White Hayden , McCullough James , Hurford Rod , Clement Pierre , Ramanan Mahesh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Hypophosphatemia is common in critically ill patients. We have described the epidemiology of hypophosphatemia in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Units.
Methods: A multicentre, retrospective cohort study of 12 ICUs in Queensland, Australia using clinical information systems. All adult patients admitted from January 1st, 2015, or from the commencement of the clinical information system to December 31st, 2021, were included. Patients on renal replacement therapy and those admitted with palliative intent or transferred from other ICUs were excluded. Patients were classified into four groups based on severity of serum phosphate (PO4) derangement: “None” (PO4: ≥ 0.81 mmol/L, ``Mild” (PO4: ≥ 0.50 mmol/L & < 0.81 mmol/L) “Moderate” (PO4: ≥ 0.30 mmol/L & < 0.50 mmol/L) and “Severe” (PO4: < 0.30 mmol/L).
Results: Of the 89,776 patients admitted, 77,310 patients were included in this study, with 26,409 (34.2%) having at least an episode of hypophosphatemia with onset mostly on ICU Day-2 in all groups. The proportion of ICU days with low phosphate was highest in the severe group (Mild: 0.33; Moderate: 0.40; Severe: 0.5). Groups received phosphate administration to varying extents (None: 1031(2%), Mild 13343 (59%); Moderate: 2658 (91%); Severe: 583 (97%)). The serum phosphate concentration normalised by Day-3 in all groups. There was substantial variation among participating ICUs in the percentage of hypophosphatemic patients who received phosphate replacement, the threshold for replacement and the route by which it was administered.
Conclusion: Hypophosphatemia, while common, was mostly mild and occurred on day 2 with early normalisation of serum phosphate. Phosphate replacement practices were variable among ICUs in dose, route, threshold for administration and duration of replacement.
TCR signatures following SARS-CoV-2 infection correlate with clinical symptoms and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19
Authors: Smith Corey , Lineburg Katie , Mahajan Arushi , Raju Jyothy , Panikkar Archana , Texier Laetitia Le , Lekieffre Lea , Swaminathan Srividhya , Crooks Pauline , Srih Sriganesh Srihari , Neller Michelle , Khanna Rajiv 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) diversity analysis is critical for understanding the complex role of T cells in disease pathogenesis. In this study we profile the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments in SARS-CoV-2-recovered participants and use TCR beta variable (TRBV) receptor deep sequencing to explore the association between the T cell repertoire and severity of COVID-19. We compare mild and severe COVID-19 cohorts and identify two unique populations of shared TRBV sequences that are significantly enriched in patients following severe disease or in patients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). These enriched TRBV sequences display a clear association with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II alleles, yet are distinct from the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell repertoire. Exploration of additional disease datasets confirms that these TRBV populations are present in unexposed individuals and potentially represent a TRBV signature associated with either restricting efficient viral control or exacerbating disease symptoms.
Subject terms: COVID-19, T cell immunity, T cell receptor
Mood Sharedness: Well-being indicator on the team status, rather than individual factors
Authors: Aramaki Eiji , Ito Kazuhiro , Wakamiya Shoko , Manabe Masae , Watanabe Yasushi , Nakayama Masataka , Uchida Yukiko 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Well-being has drawn considerable attention due to its contributions to physical and mental health, economic prosperity, and work performance. Although numerous studies have examined individual well-being, little attention has been paid to the relationship between individuals and their social groups. Based on the social psychology theory of shared reality, we propose that individuals in a team with a recognized shared mood are more likely to experience increased well-being. This study examined the relationship between individual well-being and the consistency of recognised team mood (mood sharedness) through a two-month experiment involving the daily reports of 94 employees of a Japanese company. Mood sharedness was measured using both score- and text-based methods. The results showed that higher individual well-being correlated with higher mood sharedness. Employers and team leaders can leverage mood sharedness to enhance team members' well-being, thereby enhancing employee motivation and productivity.
Sex disparities of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality among patients living with tuberculosis in the United States
Authors: Deng Huan , Liu Yishan , Lv Fan , Li Xiaofeng , Qi Mingyan , Bo Yajing , Qiu Sikai , He Xinyuan , Ji Fanpu , Zeng Qing-Lei , Gao Ning 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background：
We aimed to determine the trend of tuberculosis (TB)-related deaths during the pandemic, with focus on the impact of the epidemic on mortality in males and females.
Methods：
Using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Census Bureau, TB-related mortality data of decedents aged ≥ 25 years from 2006-2021 were analyzed. Excess TB-related deaths were estimated by determining the difference between observed and projected mortality rates during the pandemic. The mortality trends were then quantified with Joinpoint regression analysis.
Results：
A total of 18,626 TB-related deaths were documented among adults aged 25 years and older from 2006-2021. A downward trend was noted in TB-related mortality rates before the pandemic, followed by an increase during the pandemic. TB-related age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) were 0.51 in 2020 and 0.52 in 2021, corresponding to an excess mortality of 10.22% and 9.19%, respectively. Increased TB-related mortality was observed across all age and sex subgroups, but female with TB demonstrated a higher relative increase in mortality (26.33% vs. 2.17% in 2020; 21.48% vs.3.23% in 2021) during the pandemic when compared to male. Furthermore, female with TB and aged 45-64 years old showed a surge in mortality, with an annual percent change (APC) of -2.2% pre-pandemic to 22.8% (95% CI: -1.7% to 68.7%) during the pandemic, corresponding to excess mortalities of 62.165% and 99.16% in 2020 and 2021, respectively; these excess mortality rates were higher than those observed in the overall female population ages 45-64 years in 2020 (17.53%) and 2021 (33.79%).
Conclusions：
The steady decline in TB-related mortality in the United States has been reversed by COVID-19. Female patients with TB were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, largely owing to care gaps and health disparities experienced by this population.
The effect of a clinical leadership and management course on residents' knowledge of clinical leadership competencies in the Department of Internal Medicine and General Surgery of Hazrat-e Rasul-e Akram (PBUH) Hospital in 2021
Authors: Kadkhodaei Monireh sadat , Sohrabi Zohreh , Arabshahi Seyed Kamran Soltani , Bigdeli Shoaleh , Zabihi Atefe , Ghassabichorsi mehdi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Today, the growing need for efficient medical leaders has been highlighted due to the complexity of health care systems, rising costs, and attention to patient-centered care. Therefore, it is essential to design and implement curricula related to the development of the leadership skills of medical students. This study aims to investigate the effect of clinical leadership and management courses on residents' knowledge of clinical leadership competencies in the Department of Internal Medicine and General Surgery.
Methods: The present research is a preexperimental study with a one-group pretest and posttest that is conducted on residents of the Department of Internal Medicine and General Surgery of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The Dick and Carey nine-step instructional design model was used to design, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of the course. After translating and verifying validity and reliability, the self-assessment of clinical leadership competencies questionnaire of the NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement and Academy of Medical Royal Colleges was used as a data collection method in this study. The results were analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistical test, parametric independent t test, and paired-sample t test.
Results: In the present study, the content validity index and content validity ratio of the self-assessment questionnaire of clinical leadership competencies of the residents were confirmed. The reliability of the questionnaire was also verified by Cronbach's alpha of 0.956. Moreover, after instruction, the mean scores of each dimension of clinical leadership competencies increased significantly so that the mean scores of "clinical leadership competencies" of 43 participants increased from 131/14 in the pretest to 151/186 in the posttest, and the significant value of the paired t test was less than 0.001, which implies that the instructional intervention had a significant impact on improving the scores of "clinical leadership competencies" of residents.
Conclusion: Considering the effect of holding leadership courses on promoting clinical leadership competencies and responding to the instructional needs of individuals in this field, it is necessary that curriculum planners specifically address strengthening the curriculum of residents concerning the subject matter of leadership.
Evaluating carbon stocks in soils of fragmented Brazilian Atlantic Forests (BAF): How soil features and different methodologies influence its assessment
Authors: Guerrini Iraê Amaral , Silva Jaqueline Pinheiro , Sivisaca Deicy Carolina Lozano , Moraes Felipe Góes , Puglla Celso Anibal Yaguana , Neto Carlos de Melo Silva , Silva Rafael Barroca , Justino Sérvio Túlio Pereira , Roder Ludmila Ribeiro , James Jason Nathaniel , Capra Gian Franco , Ganga Antonio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Brazil’s Atlantic Forest (BAF) is a highly fragmented, strategic environmental and socio-economic region that represents the fourth biodiversity hotspot while also producing many commodities that are exported globally. Human disturbance plays a pivotal role as a driver of BAF’s soil dynamics and behaviors. The soils below Riparian Forests (RFs) and some Semideciduous Primary Forests (SFs) were characterized by high to moderate resilience, with improved chemical properties as human disturbance decreased. The Transitional Forest to Cerrado (TFC) had the worst soil conditions. Accordingly, SOCs stocks and soil carbon credits (SCC) increased from TFC << SFs < RFs. In BAF soils, measurements of SOC quantity and behavior should be conducted to at least 1 m soil depth to avoid unreliable data. Furthermore, quantifying SOC with a CHN analyzer was more reliable than other methods. A positive feedback was observed between soil and BAF vegetation, with human disturbance strongly affecting it and related SOCs dynamics. Soil development decreased as human disturbance increased, thus negatively affecting SOC. Soils in the BAF require a long time to recover after the end of human disturbance, thus suggesting that preservation strategies should be prioritized in remnant BAF fragments.
Study on antioxidation and antialcohol activity of Puerariae Flos Chrysanthemum functional drink in vitro
Authors: Quan Chunmei , Li Yuanmei , Wang Zhaoyao , Ling Qinglong , Cao Shuai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine, Puerariae Flos is often used as a hangover remedy and Chrysanthemum is often used in some drinks to clear heat and detoxify. We develope a functional drink with potential effects of curing wine using Puerariae Flos and Chrysanthemums as materials. In this study, DPPH method, ABTS method and salicylic acid method were used to study the antioxidant activity of the functional drink in vitro. By investigating the activation of ethanol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) of the functional drink, the antialcohol activity in vitro was studied. DPPH method, ABTS method and salicylic acid method were used to prove that the functional drink had the ability to remove oxygen free radical and hydroxyl group and the clearance rates were 96.63%, 93.44%, 86.72%, respectively. Besides, the functional drink can activate ADH (289.2%) and ALDH (66.1%) in vitro. The study has shown that the Puerariae Flos Chrysanthemum functional drink not only has the antioxidant effect of scavenging free radicals, but also has the effect of activating alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Therefore, the functional drink has the potential antialcohol effect.