bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of the Interfacial Electronic Structures of Metal‐Ion Containing Polyelectrolytes on ITO Substrates
Authors: Lee Jin Hee , Khan Yeasin , Kim Seunghwan , Choi Ae Jin , Walker Bright , Park Soohyung , Seo Jung Hwa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResearch in the field of organic electronics has witnessed dramatic improvements in device performance over the past several decades through an ever‐improving understanding of electron and hole movement and the development of new interfacial materials. In this study, a type of interfacial material that relies on ionic charges comprising metal:poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) polyelectrolytes are synthesized and investigated as structural analogs of the ubiquitously used poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole transport layer, in order to investigate correlations between metal cation ions and the cationic PEDOT component. The metal ions selected for this study include Li, Mg, V, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pd, Ag, Cs, and Pb ions. To analyze the interfacial energy level alignment, electronic band structure, and band bending at the Indium tin oxide (ITO)/metal:PSS interface, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) are employed. Alkali (earth) and post‐transition metals show deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels and low work function (WF) due to Fermi level balance, implying poor hole transport. Remarkably, Cu:PSS displays a unique electronic structure, suggesting potential as a hole transport layer with increased WF and low hole injection barrier. Period 5 transition metals mirror PEDOT:PSS trends, and Ag:PSS holds the potential to form effective ohmic contacts.
A Laparoscopically Compatible Rapid‐Adhesion Bioadhesive for Asymmetric Adhesion, Non‐Pressing Hemostasis, and Seamless Seal
Authors: Yang Yueying , Wang Jiaxin , Yang Jiashen , Wu Xiaoyu , Tian Ye , Tang Hanchuan , Li Na , Liu Xurui , Zhou Mengyuan , Liu Jihong , Ling Qing , Zang Jianfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBioadhesive hydrogels offer unprecedented opportunities in hemostatic agents and tissue sealing; however, the application of existing bioadhesive hydrogels through narrow spaces to achieve strong adhesion in fluid‐rich physiological environments is challenged either by undesired indiscriminate adhesion or weak wet tissue adhesion. Here, a laparoscopically compatible asymmetric adhesive hydrogel (aAH) composed of sprayable adhesive hydrogel powders and injectable anti‐adhesive glue is proposed for hemostasis and to seal the bloody tissues in a non‐pressing way, allowing for preventing postoperative adhesion. The powders can seed on the irregular bloody wound to rapidly absorb interfacial fluid, crosslink, and form an adhesive hydrogel to hemostatic seal (blood clotting time and tissue sealing in 10 s, ≈200 mm Hg of burst pressure in sealed porcine tissues). The aAH can be simply formed by crosslinking the upper powder with injectable glue to prevent postoperative adhesion (adhesive strength as low as 1 kPa). The aAH outperforms commercial hemostatic agents and sealants in the sealing of bleeding organs in live rats, demonstrating superior anti‐adhesive efficiency. Further, the hemostatic seamless sealing by aAH succeeds in shortening the time of warm ischemia, decreasing the blood loss, and reducing the possibility of rebleeding in the porcine laparoscopic partial nephrectomy model.
Ultrathin Ambipolar Polyelectrolyte Capacitors Prepared via Layer‐by‐Layer Assembling
Authors: Paghi Alessandro , Mariani Stefano , Corsi Martina , Maurina Elena , Debrassi Aline , Dähne Lars , Capaccioli Simone , Barillaro Giuseppe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMiniaturized solid state capacitors leveraging migration of unipolar ions in a single polyelectrolyte layer sandwiched between metal electrodes, namely, polyelectrolyte capacitors (PECs), have been recently reported with areal capacitance up to 100–200 nF mm−2. Nonetheless, application of PECs in consumer and industrial electronics has been hindered so far by their small operational frequency range, up to a few kHz, due to the resistive behavior (phase angle >−45°) of PECs in the range kHz‐to‐MHz. Here, it is reported on multilayer polyelectrolyte capacitors (mPECs) that leverage as dielectric an ambipolar nanometer‐thick (down to 10 nm) stack of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes assembled layer‐by‐layer between metal electrodes to eliminate the resistive behavior at frequencies from kHz to MHz. This significantly extends the operational range of mPECs over PECs. mPECs with areal capacitance as high as 25 nF mm−2 at 20 Hz and full capacitive behavior from 100 mHz to 10 MHz are demonstrated using different assembling conditions and anionic/cationic polyelectrolyte pairs. The mPECs reliably operate over time for >300 million cycles, at different biasing voltages up to 3 V, and temperatures up to 80 °C, showing a reversible capacitive behavior without significant hysteresis. Application of mPECs in flexible electronics, also operating at high frequency, is envisaged.
Boosting the Performances of Semitransparent Organic Photovoltaics via Synergetic Near‐Infrared Light Management
Authors: Xu Tao , Deng Baozhong , Zheng Kaiwen , Li Hongyu , Wang Zihan , Zhong Yunbo , Zhang Chengxi , Lévêque Gaëtan , Grandidier Bruno , Bachelot Renaud , Treguer‐Delapierre Mona , Qi Yabing , Wang Shenghao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSemitransparent organic photovoltaics (ST‐OPVs) offer promising prospects for application in building‐integrated photovoltaic systems and greenhouses, but further improvement of their performance faces a delicate trade‐off between the two competing indexes of power conversion efficiency (PCE) and average visible transmittance (AVT). Herein, the authors take advantage of coupling plasmonics with the optical design of ST‐OPVs to enhance near‐infrared absorption and hence simultaneously improve efficiency and visible transparency to the maximum extent. By integrating core–bishell PdCu@Au@SiO2 nanotripods that act as optically isotropic Lambertian sources with near‐infrared‐customized localized surface plasmon resonance in an optimal ternary PM6:BTP‐eC9:L8‐BO‐based ST‐OPV, it is shown that their interplay with a multilayer optical coupling layer, consisting of ZnS(130 nm)/Na3AlF6(60 nm)/WO3(100 nm)/LaF3(50 nm) identified from high‐throughput optical screening, leads to a record‐high PCE of 16.14% (certified as 15.90%) along with an excellent AVT of 33.02%. The strong enhancement of the light utilization efficiency by ≈50% as compared to the counterpart device without optical engineering provides an encouraging and universal pathway for promoting breakthroughs in ST‐OPVs from meticulous optical design.
The Unique Fe3Mo3N Structure Bestowed Efficient Fenton‐Like Performance of the Iron‐Based Catalysts: The Double Enhancement of Radicals and Nonradicals
Authors: Liu Zhen , Su Ruidian , Xu Fei , Xu Xing , Gao Baoyu , Li Qian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIron‐based catalysts are widely used in Fenton‐like water pollution control technology due to their high efficiency, but their practical applications are limited by complex preparation conditions and strong blockage of Fe2+/Fe3+ cycle during the reaction. Here, a new iron–molybdenum bimetallic carbon‐based catalyst is designed and synthesized using cellulose hydrogel for adsorption of Fe and Mo bimetals as a template, and the effective iron cycle in water treatment is realized. The integrated materials (Fe2.5Mo@CNs) with “catalytic/cocatalytic” performance have higher Fenton‐like activation properties and universality than the equivalent quantity iron–carbon‐based composite catalysts (Fe@CNs). Through the different characterization methods, experimental verifications and theoretical calculations show that the unique Fe3Mo3N structure promotes the adsorption of persulfate and reduces the energy barrier of the reaction, further completing the double enhancement of radicals (such as SO4·−) and nonradicals (1O2 and electron transport process). The integrated “catalytic/cocatalytic” combined material is expected to provide a new promotion strategy for Fenton‐like water pollution control.
Enhancing Purely Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescence via Supramolecular Self‐Assembly
Authors: Zheng Han , Zhang Zaiyong , Cai Suzhi , An Zhongfu , Huang Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLong‐lived and highly efficient room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials are in high demand for practical applications in lighting and display, security signboards, and anti‐counterfeiting. Achieving RTP in aqueous solutions, near‐infrared (NIR) phosphorescence emission, and NIR‐excited RTP are crucial for applications in bio‐imaging, but these goals pose significant challenges. Supramolecular self‐assembly provides an effective strategy to address the above problems. This review focuses on the recent advances in the enhancement of RTP via supramolecular self‐assembly, covering four key aspects: small molecular self‐assembly, cocrystals, the self‐assembly of macrocyclic hosts and guests, and multi‐stage supramolecular self‐assembly. This review not only highlights progress in these areas but also underscores the prominent challenges associated with developing supramolecular RTP materials. The resulting strategies for the development of high‐performance supramolecular RTP materials are discussed, aiming to satisfy the practical applications of RTP materials in biomedical science.
Direct Observation of Room‐Temperature Magnetic Skyrmion Motion Driven by Ultra‐Low Current Density in Van Der Waals Ferromagnets
Authors: Ji Yubin , Yang Seungmo , Ahn Hyo‐Bin , Moon Kyoung‐Woong , Ju Tae‐Seong , Im Mi‐Young , Han Hee‐Sung , Lee Jisung , Park Seung‐young , Lee Changgu , Kim Kab‐Jin , Hwang Chanyong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe recent discovery of room‐temperature ferromagnetism in 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials, such as Fe3GaTe2 (FGaT), has garnered significant interest in offering a robust platform for 2D spintronic applications. Various fundamental operations essential for the realization of 2D spintronics devices are experimentally confirmed using these materials at room temperature, such as current‐induced magnetization switching or tunneling magnetoresistance. Nevertheless, the potential applications of magnetic skyrmions in FGaT systems at room temperature remain unexplored. In this work, the current‐induced generation of magnetic skyrmions in FGaT flakes employing high‐resolution magnetic transmission soft X‐ray microscopy is introduced, supported by a feasible mechanism based on thermal effects. Furthermore, direct observation of the current‐induced magnetic skyrmion motion at room temperature in FGaT flakes is presented with ultra‐low threshold current density. This work highlights the potential of FGaT as a foundation for room‐temperature‐operating 2D skyrmion device applications.
Multidimensional Interactive Cascading Nanochips for Detection of Multiple Liver Diseases via Precise Metabolite Profiling
Authors: Li Zhiyu , Peng Weili , Zhou Juan , Shui Shaoxuan , Liu Yicheng , Li Tan , Zhan Xiaohui , Chen Yuanyuan , Lan Fang , Ying Binwu , Wu Yao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is challenging to detect and differentiate multiple diseases with high complexity/similarity from the same organ. Metabolic analysis based on nanomatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (NMALDI‐MS) is a promising platform for disease diagnosis, while the enhanced property of its core nanomatrix materials has plenty of room for improvement. Herein, a multidimensional interactive cascade nanochip composed of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeNPs)/MXene/gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), IMG, is reported for serum metabolic profiling to achieve high‐throughput detection of multiple liver diseases. MXene serves as a multi‐binding site and an electron‐hole source for ionization during NMALDI‐MS analysis. Introduction of AuNPs with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties facilitates surface charge accumulation and rapid energy conversion. FeNPs are integrated into the MXene/Au nanocomposite to sharply reduce the thermal conductivity of the nanochip with negligible heat loss for strong thermally‐driven desorption, and construct a multi‐interaction proton transport pathway with MXene and AuNPs for strong ionization. Analysis of these enhanced serum fingerprint signals detected from the IMG nanochip through a neural network model results in differentiation of multiple liver diseases via a single pass and revelation of potential metabolic biomarkers. The promising method can rapidly and accurately screen various liver diseases, thus allowing timely treatment of liver diseases.
Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Biomarker Detections
Authors: Liu Hong , Song Jiajun , Zhao Zeyu , Zhao Sanqing , Tian Zhiyuan , Yan Feng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe improvement of living standards and the advancement of medical technology have led to an increased focus on health among individuals. Detections of biomarkers are feasible approaches to obtaining information about health status, disease progression, and response to treatment of an individual. In recent years, organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have demonstrated high electrical performances and effectiveness in detecting various types of biomarkers. This review provides an overview of the working principles of OECTs and their performance in detecting multiple types of biomarkers, with a focus on the recent advances and representative applications of OECTs in wearable and implantable biomarker detections, and provides a perspective for the future development of OECT‐based biomarker sensors.
Control of Polar/Antipolar Layered Organic Semiconductors by the Odd‐Even Effect of Alkyl Chain
Authors: Inoue Satoru , Higashino Toshiki , Nikaido Kiyoshi , Miyata Ryo , Matsuoka Satoshi , Tanaka Mutsuo , Tsuzuki Seiji , Horiuchi Sachio , Kondo Ryusuke , Sagayama Ryoko , Kumai Reiji , Sekine Daiki , Koyanagi Takayoshi , Matsubara Masakazu , Hasegawa Tatsuo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSome rodlike organic molecules exhibit exceptionally high layered crystallinity when composed of a link between π‐conjugated backbone (head) and alkyl chain (tail). These molecules are aligned side‐by‐side unidirectionally to form self‐organized polar monomolecular layers, providing promising 2D materials and devices. However, their interlayer stacking arrangements have never been tunable, preventing the unidirectional arrangements of molecules in whole crystals. Here, it is demonstrated that polar/antipolar interlayer stacking can be systematically controlled by the alkyl carbon number n, when the molecules are designed to involve effectively weakened head‐to‐head affinity. They exhibit remarkable odd–even effect in the interlayer stacking: alternating head‐to‐head and tail‐to‐tail (antipolar) arrangement in odd‐n crystals, and uniform head‐to‐tail (polar) arrangement in even‐n crystals. The films show excellent field‐effect transistor characteristics presenting unique polar/antipolar dependence and considerably improved subthreshold swing in the polar films. Additionally, the polar films present enhanced second‐order nonlinear optical response along normal to the film plane. These findings are key for creating polarity‐controlled optoelectronic materials and devices.
Investigating the Photostability of Organic Photovoltaics for Indoor and Outdoor Applications
Authors: Clarke Andrew J. , Yang Emily J. , Thomas Suzanne K. , Lee Harrison K. H. , Hunter Ann , Lan Weixia , Carnie Matthew J. , Kim Ji‐Seon , Tsoi Wing Chung 
Published: January 2024

Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) show great promise for both outdoor and indoor applications. However, there remains a lack of understanding around the stability of OPVs, particularly for indoor applications. In this work, the photostability of the poly[(thiophene)‐alt‐(6,7‐diﬂuoro‐2‐(2‐hexyldecyloxy)quinoxaline)]:2,2′‐((2Z,2′Z)‐((4,4,9,9‐tetrahexyl‐4,9‐dihydro‐s‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b′]dithiophene‐2,7‐diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐indene‐2,1‐diylidene))dimalononitrile blend is investigated for both outdoor and indoor applications. Photostability is found to vary drastically with illumination intensity. Devices under high‐intensity white light‐emitting diode (LED) illumination, with their short‐circuit current density (JSC) matching JSC–EQE for AM1.5 G illumination, lose 42% of their initial performance after 30 days of illumination. Contrastingly, after almost 47 days of illumination devices under 1000 lux white LED illumination show no loss in performance. The poor photostability under 1 sun illumination is linked to the poor photostability of IDIC. Through Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, IDIC is found to suffer from photoisomerization, which detrimentally impacts light absorption and carrier extraction. In this work, it is highlighted that under low light levels, the requirement of intrinsic material photostability may be less stringent.
Kinetic study on the reaction between CO2 and tertiary amine catalyzed by zinc(II) aza‐macrocyclic complexes
Authors: Du Meng‐Meng , Sun Bao‐Chang , Wang Bei‐Bei , Luo Yong , Zhang Liang‐Liang , Chu Guang‐Wen , Zou Hai‐Kui , Chen Jian‐Feng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, the kinetics study on the reaction between CO2 and tertiary amine catalyzed by zinc(II)‐1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane complexes (CM) and zinc(II)‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane complexes (CN) was carried out in a stopped‐flow device. The effects of the catalyst concentration, type of tertiary amines, and temperature on the reaction rate (ν) and catalytic activity (φ) were studied. It was found that the catalyst concentration, tertiary amine with higher pKa, and temperature had positive effects on ν. ν in N‐methyl diethanolamine solution with 10.0 mol m−3 CM and CN were 16.62 and 26.05 folds than the uncatalyzed ν at 298 K, respectively. φ increased with increasing catalyst concentration, decreasing temperature and tertiary amine's pKa. In addition, the kinetics behavior of tertiary amine‐CM/CN‐CO2 systems conformed to the Michaelis–Menten model. The activation energies in catalytic systems were 4%–15% lower than that in the non‐catalytic systems.
Lewy body dementia: Overcoming barriers and identifying solutions
Authors: Agarwal Kanishka , Backler Wendi , Bayram Ece , Bloom Leah , Boeve Bradley F. , Cha Jang‐Ho , Denslow Maria , Ferman Tanis J. , Galasko Douglas , Galvin James E. , Gomperts Stephen N. , Irizarry Michael C. , Kantarci Kejal , Kaushik Harsh , Kietlinski Matt , Koenig Aaron , Leverenz James B. , McKeith Ian , McLean Pamela J. , Montine Thomas J. , Moose Sandra O. , O'Brien John T. , Panier Valery , Ramanathan Sharad , Ringel Michael S. , Scholz Sonja W. , Small Jonnell , Sperling Reisa A. , Taylor Angela , Taylor John‐Paul , Ward Rebecca A. , Witten Lisa , Hyman Bradley T. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDespite its high prevalence among dementias, Lewy body dementia (LBD) remains poorly understood with a limited, albeit growing, evidence base. The public‐health burden that LBD imposes is worsened by overlapping pathologies, which contribute to misdiagnosis, and lack of treatments. For this report, we gathered and analyzed public‐domain information on advocacy, funding, research outputs, and the therapeutic pipeline to identify gaps in each of these key elements. To further understand the current gaps, we also conducted interviews with leading experts in regulatory/governmental agencies, LBD advocacy, academic research, and biopharmaceutical research, as well as with funding sources. We identified wide gaps across the entire landscape, the most critical being in research. Many of the experts participated in a workshop to discuss the prioritization of research areas with a view to accelerating therapeutic development and improving patient care. This white paper outlines the opportunities for bridging the major LBD gaps and creates the framework for collaboration in that endeavor.Highlights
A group representing academia, government, industry, and consulting expertise was convened to discuss current progress in Dementia with Lewy Body care and research.
Consideration of expert opinion,natural language processing of the literature as well as publicly available data bases, and Delphi inspired discussion led to a proposed consensus document of priorities for the field.
Optimization of emulsion properties of chickpea protein and its application in food
Authors: Xu Wen , McClements David Julian , Xu Zhenlin , Meng Man , Zou Yidong , Chen Guanxiong , Jin Zhengyu , Chen Long 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs a leguminous plant, chickpea has been widely concerned by researchers because of its high yield, low production cost, and high protein content. Compared with soy protein, chickpea protein has lower allergenicity, better solubility, and foaming properties. Therefore, chickpea protein is considered a good alternative to animal protein. Currently, chickpea protein is used in products made from flour, such as cookies, breads, and noodles. Chickpea protein emulsion also has many potential applications in food, such as delaying lipid oxidation, transporting nutrients, and serving as a substitute for animal fat. However, the physical, chemical stability and biological activity of chickpea protein emulsion are easily affected by many factors, including salt ionic strength, pH, temperature, and so forth in food processing. In order to better apply chickpea protein emulsions to more real food substrates, it is necessary and meaningful to study the factors that affect the characteristics of the emulsion. The properties of chickpea protein emulsion can be improved by pretreatment of chickpea protein, including pH adjustment, cross‐linking by glutaminase, hydrolysis of by protein hydrolase, formation of complex with glycosides or polysaccharides and acetylation modification. In the future, the optimized and stable chickpea protein emulsion will be more widely used in the food field.
Structural controllability of multi‐agent systems with directed switching topologies
Authors: Si Yuanchao , Wang JinRong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper considers structural controllability of multi‐agent systems (MASs) with switching topologies, in which each interaction topology is modeled by a weighted digraph. Under the adopted relative protocol, the MASs with directed switching topologies are modeled by a switched system with parameter interdependence. The technique of linear parameterization, the graph theory, and so forth are applied to tackle the structural controllability of the switched system. A graph‐theoretic interpretation for structural controllability of the system is proposed. Examples with single leader and multiple leaders are presented to illustrate our work.