bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification and authentication of operating conditions in different processes using Partial Least Squares
Authors: Chandra Rubal , Kundu Madhusree 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Partial Least Squares (PLS) is a supervised multivariate statistical/machine learning technique, which is used for classification and identification/authentication of a variety of operating conditions in tomato juice concentrator/evaporator, yeast fermentation bioreactor and fluid catalytic cracking process plants. Data for the three processes were generated pertaining to different operating conditions (for each of them) including faulty ones by simulating their mechanistic models over 25 h. The simulated data at transient conditions were chosen for further processing. They were divided into training and testing data pools. After training, the developed PLS model could classify various process operating conditions 100 % accurately and identify unknown process operating conditions (simulated using training pool with certain degree of variations in them) pertaining to the processes.
Comparative study of the stable carbon isotope ratio of cellulose, lignin and whole wood powder of Balanites aegyptiaca
Authors: Dougabka Dao , Bianzeube Tikri , Amadji Togbé Armel , Gérard Jean , Djonglibet Wel-Doret , Bentaleb Ilham 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study involved analysing the carbon-13 isotope ratio (δ13C) of cellulose, lignin, and whole wood powder of Balanites aegyptiaca to determine the optimal substrate for future ecophysiological studies. From seven different trees (i.e., three from the Sudanian zone and four from the Chadian Sahelian zone), 21 samples were taken for this study. Identical variation trends were observed with cellulose, lignin, and whole wood powder, with δ13C values for cellulose always higher than for the other substrates, although the trees were located under different climatic conditions. The means obtained were −26.0 ‰, −28.7 ‰, and −27.1 ‰, for cellulose, lignin, and whole wood powder, respectively. Spearman’s correlation test, which was used to analyse relationships between the results, revealed a strong correlation (r
2 = 0.93) between the δ13C cellulose values and those of whole wood powder from B. aegyptiaca, as well as between the δ13C cellulose values and those of lignin (r
2 = 0.73). This strong correlation between cellulose and wood powder results, and between cellulose and lignin, suggests that the isolation of cellulose is not necessary for δ13C analysis of B. aegyptiaca wood.
The progress of autoimmune hepatitis research and future challenges
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Dehe , Chen Ling , Zhou Jing , Ren Binbin , Chen Haijun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver inflammatory disease with various immune system manifestations, showing a global trend of increased prevalence. AIH is diagnosed through histological abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and biochemical indicators. The biochemical markers involve interfacial hepatitis, transaminase abnormalities, positive autoantibodies, etc. Although AIH pathogenesis is unclear, gene mutations and immunological factors could be the leading factors. AIH usually presents as a chronic liver disease and sometimes as acute hepatitis, making it challenging to distinguish it from drug-related hepatitis due to similar clinical symptoms. Normalizing transaminases and serum IgG levels is essential in assessing the remission status of AIH treatment. Glucocorticoids and azathioprine are the first-line AIH treatment, with lifelong maintenance therapy in some patients. The quality of life and survival can be improved after appropriate treatment. However, certain limitations jeopardize the quality of treatment, including long treatment cycles, side effects, poor patient compliance, and inability to inhibit liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Accurate AIH animal models will help us understand the pathophysiology of the disease while providing fresh perspectives for avoiding and treating AIH. This review will help us understand AIH better, from the cellular and molecular causes to the clinical features, and will provide insight into new therapy techniques with fewer side effects.
The crystal structure of hexakis(3-thiophenecarboxylato-κ
2
O,O″)-bis(1,10-phenanthroline-κ
2
N,N′) trimanganese(II), C54H34N4O12S6Mn3
Authors: Zhou Lili , Zhang Zhongyu , Men Xiaoxia , Zhang Yaxuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
C54H34N4O12S6Mn3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.0140(4) Å, b = 22.3222(9) Å, c = 11.2886(5) Å, β = 105.436(1)°, Z = 2, V = 2675.27(19) Å3, R

gt
(F) = 0.0361, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0846, T = 273 K.
Crystal structure of (E)-1-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-N-(4,5-dihydropyren-2-yl)methanimine, C24H16N2S
Authors: Shen Lingyi , Gong Qianjin , Xu Na , Xu Xiaoling , Jiang Mengna , Zhao Jiang , Huang Ya-Li , Wang Zhi-Yong , Zhang Qi-Long 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
C24H16N2S, monoclinic, P21
/n (no. 14), a = 18.443(2) Å, b = 4.0161(6) Å, c = 23.396(4) Å, β = 99.246(6)°, V = 1710.4(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0589, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1173, T = 273.15 K.
An experimental investigation of flame retardancy and thermal stability of treated and untreated kenaf fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Muralidharan Nivedhitha Durgam , Subramanian Jeyanthi , Rajamanickam Sathish Kumar , Gopalan Venkatachalam 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Natural fiber reinforced polymeric composites perform poor in mechanical and thermal properties at elevated temperatures due to the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of natural fiber start degrading at elevated temperature. In this research work, flame retardancy and thermal stability of treated and untreated kenaf fiber reinforced epoxy composites have been experimentally investigated and reported. Two composite laminates, one with 6 % NaOH Alkali treated and another with untreated woven kenaf mats, were fabricated by hand lay-up technique followed by compression molding with 40 % fiber weight fractions. Flame retardancy test and various thermal characteristics studies such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), heat deflection temperature (HDT), and morphological analysis via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were carried out. The results showed that alkali treated kenaf fiber composite achieved V0 fire retardancy grade. The major weight losses, 86 % and 75.5 % for untreated and treated composites respectively were recorded between 300 °C and 450 °C. 13.6 % increase in HDT was noted for treated composite with 0.25 mm deflection at 0.45 MPa pressure condition. Thus the composite laminate with 6 % NaOH alkali-treated kenaf fiber achieved the best thermal stability with less degradation which is more suitable for automobile and aerospace applications.
The structural human and semiotic animal: between pride and humiliation
Authors: Švantner Martin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The main theme of the article, which by genre falls into the area of semiotically influenced philosophy, is a reflection on the relationship between the human and the non-human, using two partial but parallel discourses. The first discourse is the perspective of general semiotics, which is defined in the article on the basis of two distinct forms of rationality that, in different guises, still intervene in debates about the nature of the humanities and social sciences today. The first form of this rationality is semiological, which can be classified under the encyclopaedic rubric of structuralism, and which has its main source of inspiration in general linguistics and its continuation in philosophical anti-humanism. The second perspective has its origins in Peirce’s logicist theory of the sign and his pragmatist metaphysics, and opens up thinking about the sign, the human, and the non-human to a non-language-centric view of the world. Despite their demonstrable theoretical and methodological incompatibility, the present text treats them as incompatible but largely complementary perspectives. It is in their mutual exposition that one can see the moments in which the view of modern human as a semiological and semiotic animal takes shape. The text brings this fundamental and founding theoretical schism into focus by examining two images from post/modern art: Ted Chiang’s “The Great Silence” and Jorge Luis Borges’ “Averroës’s Search.”
Design, synthesis and apoptotic effects of novel benzoxazole compounds
Authors: Kaya Betül , Yurttaş Leyla , Akalın-Çiftçi Gülşen , Aksoy Mehmet Onur 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A series of new benzoxazole-hydrazone and benzoxazole-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated as cytotoxic agents toward human A549 lung cancer cells. Compounds 3d, 3e, 5b, 5c, 5d and 5e were the most potent compounds with IC50 values of <3.9, 10.33, 11.6, 5.00, <3.9 and 4.5 μg/mL, respectively, which are higher than reference drug cisplatin (IC50 = 19.00 μg/mL). The flow cytometry-based apoptosis detection assay was performed to determine their effects on apoptosis in A549 cells. All tested compounds induced apoptosis in A549 cell line.
Teachers’ professional development for cooperative learning: A constructive controversy between long-term versus short-term professional development
Authors: Liebech- Lien Beathe , Hammar Chiriac Eva , Davidson Neil 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Previous scientific research has recognised the pedagogical model of cooperative learning (CL) as a best-practice pedagogy, which facilitates students’ academic and social learning. Teachers are crucial for implementing CL in the classroom. While they value the method, they often find it complex and challenging to use. Thus, it is crucial to support effective CL professional development (PD) for teachers. Various approaches, forms and lengths of PD in CL are available for teachers, and long- and short-term approaches have been debated in the literature. Based on the perspective of constructive controversy, the goal of this study is to examine teachers’ PD in CL, with a particular focus on long- and short-term PD. Drawing on our different perspectives and experiences with long- and short-term PD in CL, we aim to contribute knowledge that can support teachers’ learning and implementation of CL. To provide insights and reflections along with theoretical findings, we utilise a narrative approach, with one narrative on long-term PD and one on short-term PD. One issue that becomes clear is the lack of a consensus on what counts as PD for teachers, as PD is a holistic multidimensional construct. We propose four common characteristics that should be considered in developing successful PD regardless of the CL approach or the length of the PD: 1) It enables participating teachers to acquire a shared understanding and knowledge of the theoretical framework of CL; 2) It supports teachers in taking ownership of CL; 3) It involves collaboration (in different forms); and 4) It includes support structures. While both long- and short-term PD can support teacher learning, how the time is used is the most important factor for a successful outcome. Hence, short-term PD is better than no PD at all.
La división del trabajo en la creación de una encuadernación copta
Authors: Nieto López Blanca 
Published: October 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las dificultades de realizar una encuadernación copta antigua (Ss. II – III d.C.) para determinar si la división del trabajo y, por tanto, la especialización de las tareas, era necesaria. El texto se estructura en una introducción, donde se tratarán aspectos básicos de contexto para comprender el origen de la encuadernación y su desarrollo; los pasos de la experimentación propiamente dicha desde cero (materiales, preparación de las diferentes fases, …); y finalmente, se exponen y discuten los resultados obtenidos, y se presentan las conclusiones.
The activities of Priest Peter Nortamo on the reunification of the Finnish and Russian Orthodox Churches
Authors: Simonov V. V. , Nikitin S. S. 
Published: October 2023

Russian Orthodox Diocese of Finland, taking advantage of the church and international policy, illegally transferred to the Patriarchate of Constantinople in 1923 and its relations with the Russian Church were interrupted for two decades. At the end of the Great Patriotic War, a movement for the reunification of the two churches began, but there was no unity within the Finnish Church on this issue, and the efforts of the Moscow Patriarchate’s hierarchy led to limited results. The article reveals the history of the participation of Petter Nortamo, a Finnish pastor who converted to Orthodoxy and tried to speed up the process of the return of the Finnish Archdiocese to the Russian Orthodox Church, unknown to Russian scientists. One of the characteristic features of his activity was the active involvement in this process of political parties and associations of socialist orientation, as well as the press (in particular, the Democratic Union of the People of Finland). The article disputes the reading of this story by the Finnish historian Juha Riikonen, who sees this primarily as a political background. Nortamo’s active contacts with Metropolitan Grigory (Chukov) and Patriarch Alexy I, his ordination to holy orders in Leningrad indicate that the church component was decisive in his activities. However, Nortamo’s efforts were not enough to solve the problem of the relationship between the Finnish and Russian Orthodox Churches, and his death coincided with the end of such attempts. The Patriarchate of Constantinople played a significant role in freezing the process of church reunification. To this day, the figure of Nortamo remains unknown in Russian historical science.
Synodic of the Studenitsa Monastery as a historical source
Authors: Beliankin Yu. S. 
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the content of the handwritten Synodic, which has belonged to one of the most important Serbian monasteries — Studenica — since the middle of the XVII century. Such manuscripts are known in single copies in the repositories of the Balkan Peninsula and Greece, all of them reflect the history of Russia’s relations with the South Slavic and other Orthodox peoples of southern Europe during the reign, mainly, of the Romanov dynasty.The value of this manuscript is that it marks the beginning of the establishment of the regular practice of the clergy of the Studenitsa for alms in Russia, which lasted a century. Synodic contains a wealth of material on the genealogy of many Russian, Ukrainian, Serbian and other families that played a historical role in the events of Southern and Eastern Europe in the second half of the XVII-XVIII centuries.
Most Online Resources for Home Suture Removal are Poor in Quality
Authors: Fan Emily , Ho Bao Vincent K. , Seger Edward W. , McClure Spencer P. , Rajpara Anand 
Published: October 2023

Introduction. At home suture or staple removal can be stressful for patients and may lead some to seek out additional instruction via online resources as an adjunct to what was explained to them by their provider. The purpose of this study was to examine the existing online resources available to patients who may be interested in or have been instructed to remove sutures at home after a simple procedure such as a skin biopsy or excision.
Methods. A systematic search was conducted using internet search engines to identify videos and webpages targeting at home suture removal instruction. The DISCERN instrument was used to evaluate the information quality of each included resource.
Results. There was no statistically significant difference between average DISCERN scores for videos and webpage resources, and the majority were rated poor in quality.
Conclusions. The online resources for at home suture and staple removal are often not comprehensive and are below the standard quality for written information. Healthcare providers should consider referring their patients to validated online sources for suture removal to prevent misinformation and improve patient safety.
Association of obesity with the clinical severity of COVID-19 among hospitalized patients in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Samia , Ahmed Shamim , Paul Susanta Kumar , Rahman Mohammed Atiqur , Jahan Rawnak , Choudhury Shah Ashiqur Rahman Ashiq , Chakrabortty Rajashish 
Published: October 2023

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is increasingly drawing worldwide attention. Among multiple risk factors, obesity is one of the factors that can influence the disease severity. This study aimed to explore the impact of obesity on the severity of COVID-19 infection.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from September 2020 to February 2021. The Adult (Aged ≥18 years) patients of both genders, who were COVID-19 positive, were included in this study. Ninety-one COVID-19 patients with BMI≥25 kg/m2 were set as case and another ninety-one patients with BMI<25 kg/m2 were selected as control. The patient's BMI and waist circumference (WC) were recorded. Disease severity was evaluated by the management of COVID-19 disease guidelines by the World Health Organization (WHO) 2020.
Results: The maximum patients were male (65.38%), in the sixth and seventh decades. The proportion of severe illness was higher in the obese group 69.2% compared to the non-obese 47.3%. Patients with obesity require more ICU support (15.4% versus 5.5%) and invasive mechanical ventilation (9.9% versus 2.2%) compared to non-obese patients. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting age, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, obesity (BMI>25 kg/m2) was an independent risk factor for severe illness.
Conclusions: Obese patients are associated with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. As BMI increases, disease severity increases, needs more ICU support, and needs more invasive mechanical ventilation.
Occurrence of genital ulcer due to herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) in attendees of a regional centre for sexually transmitted infections, central India: how disturbing is it?
Authors: P. Thenmozhi , Mukhi Jayesh I. , Sharma Manisha , Deogade Kalindi S. , Gosavi Sonali S. , Agarwal Vandana A. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Genital herpes is caused predominantly by Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and less commonly by HSV-1. Genital HSV-1 infection results from oral sex, with fewer recurrences, mild symptoms, less asymptomatic shedding and poor genital transmission. The present study was undertaken to identify frequency of occurrence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in genital herpes by microscopy, serology and Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).
Methods: Genital ulcer swabs and serum were collected at regional STI centre, Govt Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur. A total of 53 patients of Genital Ulcer Disease from December 2020 -22 were examined for etiology by microscopy, serum IgM and IgG against HSV-1 and 2 by ELISA and HSV-1 and 2 DNA by RT- PCR.
Results: Out of 53 genital swabs processed, 6 (11.3%) and 28 (52.8%) samples were positive for HSV-1 and 2 DNA respectively. Of the 6 HSV-1 DNA positive samples, seropositivity for HSV-1 IgM was in 2 (33.3%) samples and for HSV-1 IgG in 4 (66.7%) samples. Of the 28 HSV-2 DNA samples, HSV-2 IgM was positive in 4 (14.3%) samples and HSV-2 IgG was positive in 7 (25%) samples, multi nucleated giant cells were seen in 2 (7.14%) samples. The remaining 15 (53.6%) HSV-2 DNA positive samples were seronegative.
Conclusions: HSV-1 was detected in 6 (11.3%) samples. Though these genital ulcers may be mild, it is important to counsel the patients for abstinence or safe sex practices to prevent their partners from acquiring painful non-genital ulcers due to HSV-1.
Optic nerve sheath diameter as a non-invasive indicator of intracranial hypertension in traumatic brain injury: correlation with CT head and prognostic implications
Authors: Chauhan Vrinda , Raina Parul , Kumar Manuj , Kumar Sudarshan , Joshi Amit , Chauhan Narvir , Kumari Usha 
Published: October 2023

Background: Ultrasound guided measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is an emerging non invasive bedside tool that is being used to detect raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI). Early detection of raised ICP can guide in the timely management of such patients with raised ICP due to TBI.
Methods: A prospective, observational, open labelled study planned with a 30 patients of TBI of both genders, aged between 18 to 70 years. ONSD readings were taken 3 times a day for three days from the time of admission with portable SonoSite ultrasound machine. Data was expressed as mean ±standard deviation. Values were compared using T test and P value was calculated.
Results: Highest reading recorded in patients with GCS <8 was 6.26±0.73 in comparison to 5.38±0.56 (p=0.001) in patients with GCS >8. Highest reading of ONSD correlating with a positive CT finding at admission was 6.22±.81 and was 5.46±.57 (p=0.006) in patients with negative findings on CT. ROC curve with average cut off of 6 mm correlated with positive CT findings with sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 70% and negative predictive value of 87% was found.
Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided ONSD monitoring shows promise for diagnosing intracranial hypertension in traumatic brain injury. Correlations with CT, GCS, and outcomes emphasize its clinical relevance, warranting further validatio.
Analysis Qualitative of Bioactive Compounds of Chromolaena odorata Leaves from Aceh Besar District
Authors: Santi Tahara Dilla , Candra Aditya 
Published: October 2023

Chromolaena odorata leaves have been used by the people of Aceh Besar as herbal medicine. The chemical compounds in the leaves of this plant act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, antibacterials and wound healers. The research objective was to determine the phytochemical content of C. odorata leaves through qualitative methods. The extraction method used is maceration and testing of bioactive compounds using a color test. The results showed that the yield percentage was 6.05%. The results of the analysis of phytochemical compounds obtained seven phytochemical compounds contained in C. odorata, namely compounds belonging to the class of flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, steroids and tannins. It is recommended to identify chemical compounds using the GC-MS test to obtain specific compounds that play an active role in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
Keywords: C. odorata, Rendemen, Maceration, Color Test, GC-MS