bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic ultrasound molecular‐targeted imaging of senescence in evaluation of lapatinib resistance in HER2‐positive breast cancer
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Li Ying , Zhou Zhiwei , Zhang Yanqiu , Chang Luchen , Gao Xiujun , Li Qing , Luo Hao , Westover Kenneth D. , Zhu Jialin , Wei Xi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundProlonged treatment of HER2+ breast cancer with lapatinib (LAP) causes cellular senescence and acquired drug resistance, which often associating with poor prognosis for patients. We aim to explore the correlation between cellular senescence and LAP resistance in HER2+ breast cancer, screen for molecular marker of reversible senescence, and construct targeted nanobubbles for ultrasound molecular imaging to dynamically evaluate LAP resistance.Methods and ResultsIn this study, we established a new cellular model of reversible cellular senescence using LAP and HER2+ breast cancer cells and found that reversible senescence contributed to LAP resistance in HER2+ breast cancer. Then, we identified ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase (NT5E) as a marker of reversible senescence in HER2+ breast cancer. Based on this, we constructed NT5E‐targeted nanobubbles (NT5E‐FITC‐NBs) as a new molecular imaging modality which could both target reversible senescent cells and be used for ultrasound imaging. NT5E‐FITC‐NBs showed excellent physical and imaging characteristics. As an ultrasound contrast agent, NT5E‐FITC‐NBs could accurately identify reversible senescent cells both in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate that cellular senescence‐based ultrasound‐targeted imaging can identify reversible senescence and evaluate LAP resistance effectively in HER2+ breast cancer cells, which has the potential to improve cancer treatment outcomes by altering therapeutic strategies ahead of aggressive recurrences.
Structural Analyses of DP‐1, a Protein with the Ability To Bind Gold Nanoparticles, by Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Futagawa Kei , Tang Donglin , Kato Yugo , Nagata Koji , Suzuki Muchio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGold nanoparticles (AuNPs), consisting of metallic gold, are applied in various fields owing to their characteristic physical properties. Collimonas sp. D‐25 (D‐25) is a Gram‐negative bacterium obtained from soil, compost, and other environmental materials in the Akita Prefecture. DP‐1 is a water‐soluble protein found in D‐25 that binds specifically to AuNPs and retains them with high stability. This study aimed to identify the part of DP‐1 that interacts with AuNPs and determine its 3D structure in solution using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Peptide fragments obtained by trypsin digestion were examined for their AuNP‐binding capacity to determine the key Au‐binding domain of DP‐1. A fragment consisting of 16 amino acid residues (GHAATPEQYGVVTANK) was identified as the peptide with the highest binding activity. Structural analyses of this peptide indicated that the main chain was elongated, and negatively charged residues in the side chain were exposed on the surface by incorporating AuNPs. These results suggest that DP‐1 interacts with AuNPs through negatively charged residues and extended hydrophobic residues for protein–protein interactions. The structural data also provide new insights into biomimetic technologies.
Heart rate‐dependent mitral regurgitation
Authors: Farandzha Dzhem , Lyoskova Irina , Shikerova Petranka , Hazarbasanov Dobri 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageMitral regurgitation (MR) is a particularly dynamic valvular disorder. Extreme bradycardia can lead to prolonged left ventricular filling time and mitral annular dilatation, hence causing secondary MR in a structurally normal mitral valve.
Parallel pathogens: Coexistence of chickenpox and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura—A case report
Authors: Shrestha Abhigan Babu , Yadav Anuj , Sharma Sadish , Sapkota Unnat Hamal , Farho Mohamad Ali , Islam Md. Moududul , Abu Sayem Md. Ibn , Nuruzzaman Md. 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis case report documents the unusual co‐occurrence of immune thrombocytopena (ITP) and chickenpox in a 15‐year‐old girl. Initial symptoms included shortness of breath, chest pain, and heavy menstrual bleeding. Laboratory results revealed significant anemia and thrombocytopenia. Treatment involved blood transfusions, prednisolone, and iron supplementation. The patient's vesicular skin rash emerged 8 weeks later, prompting the combined diagnosis of ITP and chickenpox. Antiviral treatments, blood transfusions, and supportive care were used in the course of treatment, leading to full recovery. This case emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis, appropriate management, and regular follow‐up for patients with both chickenpox and ITP. The coexistence of chickenpox and ITP poses a clinical challenge due to the complex interaction between the viral infection and the immune system. The exact mechanism linking these two conditions remains unclear, making it a baffling case that warrants investigation and further understanding. As low is the occurrence of hemorrhagic chickenpox, the presentation of simultaneous chicken pox with or following ITP was found to be rarer, and thus is this enigmatic case presented. Healthcare providers should remain vigilant about such co‐occurrences to prevent complications. In order to improve treatment for instances with comparable clinical presentations and advance our collective knowledge, further study is required to better understand the mechanisms relating viral infections and ITP.
Heteroatom tuning in agarose derived carbon aerogel for enhanced potassium ion multiple energy storage
Authors: Xie Kaijun , Liu Xin , Li Haolin , Fang Long , Xia Kai , Yang Dongjiang , Zou Yihui , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe incorporation of heteroatoms into carbon aerogels (CAs) can lead to structural distortions and changes in active sites due to their smaller size and electronegativity compared to pure carbon. However, the evolution of the electronic structure from single‐atom doping to heteroatom codoping in CAs has not yet been thoroughly investigated, and the impact of codoping on potassium ion (K+) storage and diffusion pathways as electrode material remains unclear. In this study, experimental and theoretical simulations were conducted to demonstrate that heteroatom codoping, composed of multiple heteroatoms (O/N/B) with different properties, has the potential to improve the electrical properties and stability of CAs compared to single‐atom doping. Electronic states near the Fermi level have revealed that doping with O/N/B generates a greater number of active centers on adjacent carbon atoms than doping with O and O/N atoms. As a result of synergy with enhanced wetting ability (contact angle of 9.26°) derived from amino groups and hierarchical porous structure, ON‐CA has the most optimized adsorption capacity (−1.62 eV) and diffusion barrier (0.12 eV) of K+. The optimal pathway of K+ in ON‐CA is along the carbon ring with N or O doping. As K+ storage material for supercapacitors and ion batteries, it shows an outstanding specific capacity and capacitance, electrochemical stability, and rate performance. Especially, the assembled symmetrical K+ supercapacitor demonstrates an energy density of 51.8 Wh kg−1, an ultrahigh power density of 443 W kg−1, and outstanding cycling stability (maintaining 83.3% after 10,000 cycles in 1 M KPF6 organic electrolyte). This research provides valuable insights into the design of high‐performance potassium ion storage materials.
A Prato Tour on Carbon Nanotubes: Raman Insights
Authors: Isabel Lucío María , Giacalone Francesco , La Parola Valeria , Gámez‐Valenzuela Sergio , Muñoz‐Alba Fernando , Ruiz Delgado M. Carmen , Herrero M. Antonia , Vázquez Ester 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe functionalisation of carbon nanotubes has been instrumental in broadening its application field, allowing especially its use in biological studies. Although numerous covalent and non‐covalent functionalisation methods have been described, the characterisation of the final materials has always been an added challenge. Among the various techniques available, Raman spectroscopy is one of the most widely used to determine the covalent functionalisation of these species. However, Raman spectroscopy is not a quantitative technique, and no studies are reported comparing its performance when the same number of functional groups are added but using completely different reactions. In this work, we have experimentally and theoretically studied the functionalisation of carbon nanotubes using two of the most commonly used reactions: 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethylene ylides and diazonium‐based radical addition. The number of groups introduced onto the tubes by these reactions has been determined by different characterisation techniques. The results of this study support the idea that data obtained by Raman spectra are only helpful for comparing functionalisations produced using the same type of reaction. However, they should be carefully analysed when comparing functionalisations produced using different reaction types.
Generation and Application of Homoallylic α,α‐Diboryl Radicals via Diboron‐Promoted Ring‐Opening of Vinyl Cyclopropanes: cis‐Diastereoselective Borylative Cycloaddition**
Authors: Vyas Het , Gangani Ashvin J. , Mini Aiswarya , Lin Shengjia , Chu Jia‐Min , Agee Caitlyn O. , Gabriel Justin , Williamson R. Thomas , Zhang Yong , Sharma Abhishek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCarbon‐centered radicals stabilized by adjacent boron atoms are underexplored reaction intermediates in organic synthesis. This study reports the development of vinyl cyclopropyl diborons (VCPDBs) as a versatile source of previously unknown homoallylic α,α‐diboryl radicals via thiyl radical catalyzed diboron‐directed ring opening. These diboryl stabilized radicals underwent smooth [3+2] cycloaddition with a variety of olefins to provide diboryl cyclopentanes in good to excellent diastereoselectivity. In contrast to the trans‐diastereoselectivity observed with most of the dicarbonyl activated VCPs, the cycloaddition of VCPDBs showed a remarkable preference for formation of cis‐cyclopentane diastereomer which was confirmed by quantitative NOE and 2D NOESY studies. The cis‐stereochemistry of cyclopentane products enabled a concise intramolecular Heck reaction approach to rare tricyclic cyclopentanoid framework containing the diboron group. The mild reaction conditions also allowed a one‐pot VCP ring‐opening, cycloaddition‐oxidation sequence to afford disubstituted cyclopentanones. Control experiments and DFT analysis of reaction mechanism support a radical mediated pathway and provide a rationale for the observed diastereoselectivity. To the authors’ knowledge, these are the first examples of the use of geminal diboryl group as an activator of VCP ring opening and cycloaddition reaction of α‐boryl radicals.
Kostengünstige Batterietechnologie für die Energiewende
Authors: Putsykina Olga 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEin deutsches Forschungskonsortium unter der Leitung des Fraunhofer IZM entwickelt eine neuartige und kostengünstige Zink‐Batterie, die nicht nur als Langzeitspeicher von Energie, sondern auch zur Wasserstoffproduktion genutzt werden kann. Erste Tests weisen einen Wirkungsgrad von 50 % zur Stromspeicherung und 80 % zur Wasserstofferzeugung bei einer prognostizierten Lebensdauer von zehn Jahren aus.
Die Wasserstoffproduktion optimieren
Authors: Kirner Gerhard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUm Elektrolyseure stabil, verlässlich und vorhersehbar betreiben zu können, sind verschiedene Analysetechniken eine Grundlage: Von der Güte der eingesetzten Chemikalien und Rohstoffe bis hin zur kontinuierlichen überwachung des Energiebedarfes. Die Zellspannungsüberwachung (CVM) ist dabei eines der Schlüsselthemen, wenn es um Effizienzsteigerung und Ausfallvermeidung geht.
Synthesis of Pyrrole‐2‐Carboxylic Acid from Cellulose‐ and Chitin‐Based Feedstocks Discovered by the Automated Route Search
Authors: Pham Thuy Trang , Guo Zhen , Li Bing , Lapkin Alexei A. , Yan Ning 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe shift towards sustainable feedstocks for platform chemicals requires new routes to access functional molecules that contain heteroatoms, but there are limited bio‐derived feedstocks that lead to heteroatoms in platform chemicals. Combining renewable molecules of different origins could be a solution to optimize the use of atoms from renewable sources. However, the lack of retrosynthetic tools makes it challenging to examine the extensive reaction networks of various platform molecules focusing on multiple bio‐based feedstocks. In this study, a protocol was developed to identify potential transformation pathways that allow for the use of feedstocks from different origins. By analyzing existing knowledge on chemical reactions in large databases, several promising synthetic routes were shortlisted, with the reaction of D‐glucosamine and pyruvic acid being the most interesting to make pyrrole‐2‐carboxylic acid (PCA). The optimized synthetic conditions resulted in 50 % yield of PCA, with insights gained from temperature variant NMR studies. The use of substrates obtained from two different bio‐feedstock bases, namely cellulose and chitin, allowed for the establishment of a PCA‐based chemical space.
Phenotyping obesity: A focus on metabolically healthy obesity and metabolically unhealthy normal weight
Authors: Agius Rachel , Pace Nikolai P. , Fava Stephen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOver the past 4 decades, research has shown that having a normal body weight does not automatically imply preserved metabolic health and a considerable number of lean individuals harbour metabolic abnormalities typically associated with obesity. Conversely, excess adiposity does not always equate with an abnormal metabolic profile. In fact, evidence exists for the presence of a metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUHNW) and a metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype. It has become increasingly recognised that different fat depots exert different effects on the metabolic profile of each individual by virtue of their location, structure and function, giving rise to these different body composition phenotypes. Furthermore, other factors have been implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of the body composition phenotypes, including genetics, ethnicity, age and lifestyle/behavioural factors. Even though to date both MHO and MUHNW have been widely investigated and documented in the literature, studies report different outcomes on long‐term cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality. Future large‐scale, observational and population‐based studies are required for better profiling of these phenotypes as well as to further elucidate the pathophysiological role of the adipocyte in the onset of metabolic disorders to allow for better risk stratification and a personalised treatment paradigm.
Interpopulation differences and temporal synchrony in rates of adult survival between two seabird colonies that differ in population size and distance to foraging grounds
Authors: Horswill C. , Warwick‐Evans V. , Esmonde N. P. G. , Reid N. , Kirk H. , Siddiqi‐Davies K. R. , Josey S. A. , Wood M. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the processes that drive interpopulation differences in demography and population dynamics is central to metapopulation ecology. In colonial species, populations are limited by local resource availability. However, individuals from larger colonies will travel greater distances to overcome density‐dependent competition. Consequently, these individuals may also experience greater carry‐over effects and interpopulation differences in demography. To test this prediction, we use mark‐recapture data collected over four decades from two breeding colonies of a seabird, the Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus), that exhibit strong spatial overlap throughout the annual cycle but differ in population size and maximum foraging distances. We quantify interpopulation differences and synchrony in rates of survival and assess whether local mean wind speeds act to strengthen or disrupt synchrony. In addition, we examine whether the imputed interpopulation differences in survival can generate population‐level consequences. The colony where individuals travel further during the breeding season had slightly lower and more variable rates of survival, indicative of individuals experiencing greater carry‐over effects. Fluctuations in survival were highly synchronous between the colonies, but neither synchronous, nor asynchronous, variation could be strongly attributed to fluctuations in local mean wind speeds. Finally, we demonstrate that the imputed interpopulation differences in rates of survival could lead to considerable differences in population growth. We hypothesise that the observed interpopulation differences in rates of adult survival reflect carry‐over effects associated with foraging distances during the breeding season. More broadly, our results highlight that breeding season processes can be important for understanding interpopulation differences in the demographic rates and population dynamics of long‐lived species, such as seabirds.
Investigation of physicochemical drivers directing ionic liquid assembly on polymeric nanoparticles
Authors: Edgecomb Sara X. , Hamadani Christine M. , Roberts Angela , Taylor George , Merrell Anya , Suh Ember , Yaddehige Mahesh Loku , Chandrasiri Indika , Watkins Davita L. , Tanner Eden E. L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) have emerged as promising biomaterials for enhancing drug delivery by functionalizing polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). Despite the biocompatibility and biofunctionalization they confer upon the NPs, little is understood regarding the degree in which non‐covalent interactions, particularly hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, govern IL‐NP supramolecular assembly. Herein, we use salt (0‐1 M sodium sulfate) and acid (0.25 M hydrochloric acid at pH 4.8) titrations to disrupt IL‐functionalized nanoassembly for four different polymeric platforms during synthesis. Through quantitative 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering, we demonstrate that the driving force of choline trans‐2‐hexenoate (CA2HA 1:1) IL assembly varies with either hydrogen bonding or electrostatics dominating, depending on the structure of the polymeric platform. In particular, the covalently bound or branched 50:50 block co‐polymer systems (diblock PEG‐PLGA [DPP] and polycaprolactone [PCl]‐poly[amidoamine] amine‐based linear‐dendritic block co‐polymer) are predominantly affected by hydrogen bonding disruption. In contrast, a purely linear block co‐polymer system (carboxylic acid terminated poly[lactic‐co‐glycolic acid]) necessitates both electrostatics and hydrogen bonding to assemble with IL and a two‐component electrostatically bound system (electrostatic PEG‐PLGA [EPP]) favors hydrogen‐bonding with electrostatics serving as a secondary role.
Preparation, characterization, and application of stable naphthalenediimide‐based metal–organic framework for cooperative capture low concentration uranium from wastewater
Authors: Zhao Wan‐Wan , Li Li‐Hong , Liao Jian‐Zhen , Ke Hua , Liang Ru‐Ping , Qiu Jian‐Ding 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExtracting uranium from real water samples remains a great challenge due to low uranium concentration, concentrated competing ions and volumes of water. The design and preparation of uranium adsorbents with high efficiency and affinity are still difficult. Herein, we presented a facile one‐pot strategy to obtain a novel metal organic framework (denoted as Mn‐NDISA) for stable and efficient trapping of low concentration uranium. Mn‐NDISA with a built‐in hydrophobic cavity can boost the absorption affinity to 1.99 × 106 mL g−1 through the cooperative capture composed of electrostatic interaction, coordination force and hydrogen binding. Owing to the coordination‐available oxygen sites in flexible framework, a rapid kinetic equilibrium was achieved in just 25 min. Moreover, these exceptional adsorption features enabled Mn‐NDISA to successfully capture the naturally occurring uranium traces (~ppb) in wastewater samples, making it one of the most influential absorbents toward UO22+ ever reported. The experimental and theoretical studies revealed that the electrostatic attraction came from the surface negatively charged Mn‐NDISA and the positively charged UO22+. The coordination originated from Lewis basic hydroxyl, carbonyl groups, and Lewis acid UO22+, while hydrogen bonds further reinforced the as‐formed uranium binding complex. This research offered a promising cooperative capture strategy to improve the uranium affinity of the pristine MOF for trace contaminants removal in environmental remediation fields.
Multiobjective optimization of heat recovery steam generator in a combined cycle power using genetic algorithm
Authors: Mehrpanahi Abdollah , Akbari Vakilabadi Moslem , Nikbakht Naserabad Sadegh , Ahmadi M. H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to the increasing demand for electrical energy, efforts to increase the thermal efficiency of the steam and gas power plants have led to extensive reform in these cycles. One of these common reforms is employing a conventional combined gas‐steam cycle. In combined cycle power plants that are built to produce power, a significant portion of the input energy is lost. In this research to achieve the thermodynamic properties of a combined cycle power plant after modeling the cycle and determining the cycle potential independent variables, multiobjective optimization by imposing restrictions on cost functions and changing them concerning exergy efficiency has been analyzed. The results show that increasing the parameters of superheated temperature, pinch point temperature difference, pump exhaust pressure, and condenser inlet flow rate improves the system performance and increases exergy efficiency. It is shown by two‐objective optimization that when costs are increased up to 40%, exergy efficiency is increased, and when an increase is more than 40% repeated results would be obtained. Applying costs lower than 5% is not considered according to software limitations. Also, the results show that it is possible to increase exergy efficiency up to 79.7% with a 40% investment cost.
Noise‐robust gas path fault detection and isolation for a power generation gas turbine based on deep residual compensation extreme learning machine
Authors: Nekoonam Ali , Montazeri‐Gh Morteza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne of the major challenges facing fault diagnosis tools is their exposure to noise. The presence of noise may cause false alarms or the inability to detect a progressive fault in the early stages of its occurrence. Continuing previous efforts to address such a problem, in this paper, a noise‐robust diagnosis system for an industrial gas turbine is presented. The proposed structure employs a set of deep residual compensation extreme learning machines (DRCELMs). In this model, an optimal number of compensating blocks are trained to recover some of the lost useful information in the face of noise. Training and testing data required to develop the fault diagnosis model are generated by a performance model of the studied gas turbine. The t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding algorithm is employed for visualizing the gas path faults. Furthermore, the performance of the DRCELM is evaluated by comparing it with six other diagnosis models. The results indicate higher robustness of the DRCELM compared to other fault diagnosis systems. The proposed model presents a classification accuracy of >97% in noisy data and an accuracy of >98% in noise‐free data and combined data, while the average of fault positive rate and fault negative rate in noisy data is less than 2.5%.