bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training of physician graders on diabetic retinopathy screening using hand-held digital retinal imaging in a nonophthalmic setting
Authors: Piyasena Prabhath , Dhanapala Mangala , Banduthilake Kapila 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
There is no systematic diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening program in Sri Lanka. We aimed to train and assess physician graders as primary graders of DR screening, using hand-held retinal imaging, in a nonophthalmic setting.

Materials and Methods:
Selected general duty physicians in a tertiary level medical clinic underwent training to capture and grade DR independently, using a hand-held digital retinal camera (Zeiss Visuscout 100-Germany), at an outpatient medical department. Training curriculum was developed to identify the defined levels of DR, applicable to a resource poor nonophthalmic setting. Eight general physicians from a tertiary level medical department in the Western province of Sri Lanka underwent training.

Results:
All physicians were trained on knowledge and skills component and one-to-one direct observation was done by the study investigators to assess competency. Physicians underwent self-training until they were competent in capturing required retinal fields and grading them. 100% of them acquired skills on pupil dilatation and capturing required fields using the hand-held digital retinal camera. All physician graders underwent an assessment using a set of archived images in identifying DR signs, grading DR, and identifying the level of gradability. We selected the two best physicians (based on agreement levels, Kappa (k) =0.92 and k = 0.80, range k = 0.48–0.92) after the assessment, for a screening intervention validation study described elsewhere.

Conclusions:
At the medical clinic level, requirement exists for training and developing skills among physicians for DR screening and grading. The physicians can be effectively trained in DR screening using digital retinal imaging despite poor resources availability.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KEPEMILIKAN SENJATA PENIKAM ATAU PENUSUK BERUPA BADIK (Studi Putusan Nomor: 88/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Gdt)
Authors: Putra Dimas Pratama , Hakim Lukmanul , Ainita Okta 
Published: September 2023

Siapapun orang yang membawa senjata tajam tanpa kekuatan menguasainya akan ancaman kriminal. Melalui itu, jika bukan untuk keperluan profesional atau kantor, sebaiknya tidak membawa senjata tajam saat bepergian, karena untuk perlindungan diri. hal ini tidak bisa diterima sebagai alasan jika terjadi sesuatu. Apabila kedapatan membawa senjata tajam, diharapkan masyarakat dapat bersikap bijak agar tidak terjerat tindak pidana ancaman membawa senjata tajam tanpa izin. Permasalahan dalam penelitian adalah bagaimana pertanggungjawaban pidana pelaku tindak pidana kepemilikan senjata penikam atau penusuk berupa badik berdasarkan Putusan Nomor: 88/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Gdt dan bagaimana pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan terhadap kejahatan kepemilikan senjata penikam atau penusuk berupa badik berdasarkan Putusan Nomor: 88/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Gdt. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi pelanggar kepemilikan senjata tajam atau senjata tajam berupa badik didasarkan pada Putusan Nomor: 88/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Gdt adalah dengan menghukum terdakwa diatas dengan pidana penjara selama 1 (satu) tahun 3 (tiga) bulan dan menetapkan bahwa masa penangkapan dan penahanan yang telah dijalani terdakwa dikurangi seluruhnya dari pidana tersebut. dikenakan. Pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam mengambil keputusan mengenai delik kepemilikan senjata tajam atau senjata tajam berbentuk badik didasarkan pada Putusan Nomor: 88/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Gdt Berikut ini, keadaan yang lebih memberatkan adalah tindakan si penyerang yang mengganggu ketertiban masyarakat dan mengancam keselamatan orang lain, sedangkan keadaan Keadaan yang meringankan adalah tindak pidana yang pertama kali dilakukan terdakwa dan penyesalan terdakwa atas perbuatannya. diadili dan berjanji tidak akan mengulangi perbuatannya.
Structural, electronic, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of undoped and Mo (I, II)-doped LiNbO3 crystal
Authors: Abdul-Hussein W. A , Almusawe A. J 
Published: September 2023

In this paper, density functional theory (DFT) calculations used to investigate the structural, electronic, linear and nonlinear optical properties of pure lithium niobate crystal (LiNbO3) and doped LiNbO3 by Mo (I) and Mo (I). The lattice constants were calculated by analysing the optimised unit cell, and the results were found to be in good agreement with both the experimental and theoretical values that were reported. The results indicate a clear distinction in the electronic characteristics of LiNbO3 and doped LiNbO3 (Mo-Nb), the band structures that have been computed indicate that the band gap of LiNbO3 can be narrowed by adding Mo (I) and Mo (II) dopants to 2.068 eV and 0.476 eV, respectively. Interesting results were obtained by this doping process, as these results showed that the effect of doping led to an improvement in some optical properties, such as the absorption spectrum of the material, and also led to an increase in the effect of second harmonic generation (SHG), which is considered a basic requirement for developing optical devices in many photonic applications such as laser, electro-optic applications and optical switches.
Cross-Sectional Study to Explore the Prevalence of Shoulder Impingement and Its Association with Training Volume Among Cricketers in Sport Academies of Faisalabad
Authors: Wassi Ahmad , Mudassir Muhammad , Mustafa Awais ul , Ullah Ubaid , Aslam Dr Memoona , Ghaffar Tamjeed , Zartasha Amina , Imtiaz Farwa 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Cricketers are vulnerable to high-risk injuries. Throwing and striking are the two activities that put the most strain and effort at the shoulder joint and leads to shoulder impingement and other problems. To explore the prevalence of shoulder impingement and its association with training volume among cricketers in sport academies of Faisalabad.
Methodology: It was cross-sectional study. Study was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019. Sample size of the study was 116. Convenient sampling technique was used to enrolled participants in study. Inclusion criteria of the study were the cricket players of age between 13 to 22 years, practice regularly in sport academies of Faisalabad. Players of Faisalabad cricket academies including, Saeed Ajmal International Cricket Academy, Eden cricket & Fitness center, Combined cricket club, National Cricket Club, Lyallpur Gymkhana cricket club and Prince Gymkhana Cricket Club, Faisalabad were interviewed and evaluated for the presence of shoulder impingement. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Data was presented in forms of tables and graphs.
Findings: Out of 116 cricket players, 28.44% were spinners, 41.37% were fast bowlers and 30.17% were batsmen. Shoulder impingement was found to be present in 49(42%) of the cricketers in sport academies of Faisalabad. Chi- square test showed a statistically significant association between shoulder impingement and training volume (p<0.05).
Recommendations: Shoulder impingement had a prevalence of 42% in cricketers of Faisalabad. A statistically significant association was found between shoulder impingement and training volume among cricketers of sport academies in Faisalabad. This study was informed by the BiomechanicalTheory, emphasizing the importance of considering mechanical stressors on the shoulder region in cricketers. To reduce the occurrence of shoulder pain among cricket players, practitioners should emphasize proper biomechanical techniques in training programs, with a focus on shoulder joint stability and injury prevention strategies. Policymakers should advocate for sports injury prevention programs that incorporate fundamental biomechanical concepts into training curricula, ensuring cricket players' long-term shoulder health and ensuring the sport's long-term viability.
Assessment of Readiness for a Community-based Teleaudiology Program of Selected Primary Care Health Facilities in the Philippines
Authors: Marcelo, MD, MPH Portia Grace , Tulisana Mark Lenon , Gaspar Manuel John Paul , Amoranto Abegail Jayne , Sunga Monica , Fullante Philip 
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Access to appropriate and timely care underpins the Republic Act 9707 or the Universal Newborn Hearing Screening and Intervention Act of 2009. However, less than 10% of babies born every year have been screened for hearing loss. The Hearing for Life (HeLe) research program aims to increase the rate of newborn hearing screening (NHS) nationwide through the development and deployment of novel digital health or eHealth technologies in government rural primary care health centers (PCHC). The HeLe is also built on the global call for increased and systematic use of eHealth to strengthen health systems. Effectiveness of eHealth innovations requires acknowledgment of the product’s life cycle; one consideration is organizational readiness at this development stage of the HeLe.Objective. This study assessed readiness of the eight PCHC selected to use the HeLe technologies.Methods. This research utilized the Khoja-Durrani-Scott (KDS) eHealth evaluation tool to assess the PCHC’s readiness level prior to the implementation of HeLe. The KDS tool was distributed through a self-administered survey; data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Readiness is measured in terms of seven dimensions or outcomes resulting from the use of the HeLe technologies.
Results. The study revealed that the eight PCHC were most to least ready, in decreasing order, in the following areas: Ethical, Health, Technology, Social & Cultural, Readiness & Change Management, as well as Economic, and Policy outcomes. The study affirms the PCHCs’ value for equity in health care, i.e., providing accessible NHS services in the community setting closest to where the families and their newborns are. Likewise, results confirm the PCHC staff’s preparedness for another set of innovations, through agreement with statements on Technology, Social & Cultural as well as Readiness & Change Management parameters.Conclusions. The results informed the training and technical support strategies to be implemented by theHeLe program proponents. However, even in this early development phase of the HeLe technologies, the PCHC are already concerned with how to sustain NHS services after the research. Fully aware that the HeLe ICT tools need to be maintained and upgraded, the PCHC views that economic and policy support should also be in place to ensure continuous delivery of the ICT-enabled NHS services. While results are illustrative, usefulness is limited by the small sample size and character of the study sites. Nevertheless, social dimensions still have to be carefully considered as innovative NHS tools are introduced to primary care health workers nationwide. Researchers have to be deliberate in working with broader health systems and policy advocacy efforts to allow novel NHS technologies to be smoothly introduced at the community level and frontlines of care.
Lack of Methylation Changes in GJB2 and RB1 Non-coding Regions of Cochlear Implant Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Sumalde Angelo Augusto , Yang Ivana , Yarza Talitha Karisse , Tobias-Grasso Celina Ann , Tantoco Ma. Leah , Davidson Elizabeth , Chan Abner , Azamian Mahshid , Cruz Teresa Luisa , Lalani Seema , Reyes-Quintos Maria Rina , Cutiongco-de la Paz Eva Maria , Santos-Cortez Regie Lyn , Chiong Charlotte 
Published: September 2023

Objective. Recent advances in epigenetic studies continue to reveal novel mechanisms of gene regulation and control, however little is known on the role of epigenetics in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in humans. We aimed to investigate the methylation patterns of two regions, one in RB1 and another in GJB2 in Filipino patients with SNHL compared to hearing control individuals.Methods. We investigated an RB1 promoter region that was previously identified as differentially methylated in children with SNHL and lead exposure. Additionally, we investigated a sequence in an enhancer-like region within GJB2 that contains four CpGs in close proximity. Bisulfite conversion was performed on salivary DNA samples from 15 children with SNHL and 45 unrelated ethnically-matched individuals. We then performed methylation-specific real-time PCR analysis (qMSP) using TaqMan® probes to determine percentage methylation of the two regions.Results. Using qMSP, both our cases and controls had zero methylation at the targeted GJB2 and RB1 regions. Conclusion. Our study showed no changes in methylation at the selected CpG regions in RB1 and GJB2 in the two comparison groups with or without SNHL. This may be due to a lack of environmental exposures to these target regions. Other epigenetic marks may be present around these regions as well as those of other HL-associated genes.
The Chiasm: The Inverse Parallel of Le Corbusier
Authors: Kelley Christine M. 
Published: September 2023

The “axis” is ubiquitous in Le Corbusier’s architectural oeuvre. “The Chiasm: The Inverse Parallel of Le Corbusier” examines the concept of the axis in the essays, “Architecture, Pure Creation of the Mind,” and “Architecture, The Illusion of the Plan,” published in Vers une architecture (1923). Le Corbusier writes: “…a sense of the harmonious that gives rise to a resonance…” and “…the trace of an indefinable absolute preexisting at the core of our being.” And decisively, “This must be the axis along which man is organized…”. The axis Le Corbusier described is, in fact, a chiastic device he employed in his writings, drawings and architecture. Chiasmus, conceptually defined, is the “inverted repetition of grammatical structure.” Inversion, as two sides of the axis, identifies representations of things related and simultaneously different. The twentieth century French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty identifies the chiasm as a concept to describe the body as sensible and sentient, a reflection in relation to the self, others, and the perceived world. Merleau-Ponty uses the chiasm to clarify reversibility and the phenomenological experience. Merleau-Ponty’s theories of chiastic inversion substantiate the chiastic structure that supports Le Corbusier’s ideology and his search for a harmonious milieu that is based in the axis.
Une introduction à Vers une architecture
Authors: Cohen Jean-Louis 
Published: September 2023

La décision de publier, dans ce numéro spécial de la revue LC. Revue de recherches sur Le Corbusier consacré à Vers une architecture, une version française de la monumentale introduction en anglais que Jean-Louis Cohen a donnée à la nouvelle traduction en américain de Vers une architecture, parue en 2007, a été prise avec lui en juillet 2023. Sa mort tragique le 8 août l’a empêché, à quelques jours près, de relire ce texte inédit en français, dont il n’avait conservé qu’une esquisse en français ; en accord avec lui, seules quelques modifications mineures et mises à jour, rendues nécessaires après les quinze années qui se sont écoulées depuis sa parution, ont été apportées. Nous publions ce texte en hommage au grand historien de l’architecture moderne qui a tant œuvré pour la connaissance de Le Corbusier. La revue LC publiera la seconde partie de cette introduction dans son prochain numéro, accompagnée d’une bibliographie aussi exhaustive que possible de ses articles sur Le Corbusier.
Guillemette Morel Journel
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN PAI PADA SISWA KELAS VI SD NEGERI 8 SUNGAI RAYA
Authors: ERNAWATI ERNAWATI 
Published: September 2023

This research aims to improve learning outcomes in PAI subjects for class VI students at SDN 8 Sungai Raya by using the jigsaw type cooperative learning model. This research uses classroom action research methods. This research uses a qualitative approach. The subjects in this classroom action research consisted of Class VI students for the 2021/2022 Even Semester Academic Year at SD Negeri 8 Sungai Raya, in the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subject. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and test results. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The learning outcomes of students who use the cooperative learning model, after being given the first cycle of learning actions (cycle I), the average score of student learning evaluation results is 66.67% and is classified as still below the existing ideal score, namely 75%. Meanwhile, in the implementation of cycle II, 86.67% of students obtained scores that reached the KKM from the final evaluation results given. Thus, learning outcomes using the jigsaw type cooperative model in PAI lessons at SD Negeri 8 Sungai Raya are said to be very good and have experienced significant improvement.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mata pelajaran PAI pada siswa kelas VI SDN 8 Sungai Raya dengan penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. subjek dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini terdiri dari siswa Kelas VI Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022 Semester Genap SD Negeri 8 Sungai Raya, pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan hasil tes. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif, setelah diberikan tindakan pembelajaran siklus pertama (siklus I) rata-rata skor hasil evaluasi belajar siswa 66.67% dan tergolong masih dibawah skor ideal yang ada yaitu 75%. Sedangkan pada penerapan siklus II skor yang terdapat 86.67% siswa yang memproleh nilai yang mencapai KKM dari hasil evaluasi akhir yang diberikan. Dengan demikian, hasil belajar dengan menggunakan model kooperatif tipe jigsaw dalam pelajaran PAI SD Negeri 8 Sungai Raya dikatakan sangat baik dan mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan.
Patient Privacy Attitude Scale: A Scale Development Study
Authors: SEVİMLİGÜL Gülgün , EVCİLİ Funda 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a measurement tool to determine the attitudes of health professionals towards patient privacy.
Material and Methods: First, an item pool of 42 items was created by the researchers and expert opinion was presented. The scale form, whose language and content validity was ensured, was applied to the sample group, and the data obtained were analyzed through LISREL 8.54 and SPSS 22.0 package programs. The validity of the scale was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient, test-retest method and item analysis.
Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 27-item structure with 5 factors explaining 57.483% of the variance, eigenvalues above 1, and factor loadings above 0.53. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the scale showed a theoretically and statistically acceptable level of fit. The reliability of the scale was examined by test-retest method and internal consistency analysis. The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.91. There was no statistical difference between the test-retest means of the total and five sub-dimensions of the scale (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The analysis shows that the scale is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used to determine the attitudes of health professionals towards patient privacy.
Pengaruh Variabel Putaran (RPM) terhadap Temperatur Gas Buang Mesin Penggerak Utama Type MAN B&W 31990 KW pada Kapal Kontainer
Authors: Budiyanto Lilik , Haryadi Sugeng 
Published: September 2023

Penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh putaran mesin penggerak utama (mesin induk) yang cenderung berubah- ubah pada saat beroperasi terhadap temperatur gas buang mesin induk dikapal container dengan bobot 35981GT .Penelitian ini kami lakukan di atas kapal container KM SPIL Citra PT Salam Pasific Indonesia line pada saat pelayaran dari Pelabuhan Balik Papan Kalimantan Timur ke Pelabuhan Bitung Sulawesi Utara.Tujuan dari penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk memahami dan mengetahui bagaimana menentukan putaran mesin induk yang sesuai agar gas buang mesin induk stabil dan tidak terlalu tinggi yang mengakibatkan kinerja mesin induk menurun. Pengujian dilakukan pada saat kapal berlayar di Tengah laut kondisi full away mesin penggerak utama (mesin induk) beroperasi pada putaran,52 Rpm sampai dengan 57 Rpm dengan rata rata Running hours masing masing putaran selama 4 jam.Temperatur maksimal gas buang diperoleh sebesar 260 C dan temperatur minimal di peroleh sebersar 230 C dengan rata- rata temperatur air laut pendingin dan temperature kamar mesin konstan. Kesimpulan yang di ketahui bahwa semakin tinggi putaran mesin induk semakin tinggi pula temperature gas buang mesin induk sehingga perlu diperhatikan batas maksimal Rpm mesin induk agar tidak terjadi temperature tinggi.
ЖЕРДІ ПАЙДАЛАНУ ТУРАЛЫ ДЕРЕКТЕРДІ ГЕНЕРАЦИЯЛАУ ЖӘНЕ ВЕГЕТАЦИЯЛЫҚ ИНДЕКСТЕРДІ ЕСЕПТЕУ ҮШІН ҒАРЫШТЫҚ СУРЕТТЕРДІ ТАҢДАУ ЖӘНЕ ТАЛДАУ (БАТЫС ҚАЗАҚСТАН АЙМАҒЫ МЫСАЛЫНДА)
Authors: Kudaibergenov Muratbek , Кудайбергенов М.К  , Токбергенова А.А  , Tokbergen@mail.ru  , Нысанбаева А. С  , Дүйсенбаев С.М.  , Сейтқазы М. М.  , Калиева Д. М  
Published: September 2023

Соңғы жылдары ЖҚЗ деректерін пайдалана отырып, вегетациялық индекстерді есептеу, соның ішінде өсімдіктердің нормаланған айырмашылық индексі (NDVI) бойынша жерді пайдалану мен жер жамылғысының өзгеруін анықтау және бақылау әдісі кеңінен қолданылады. Ұсынылып отырған жұмыста MODIS (MOD13Q1) деректерін пайдалана отырып, 2002, 2012 және 2022 жылдардағы Батыс Қазақстан аймағының көктем және жаз айларындағы NDVI және мамыр айындағы EVI индекстері есептелінді. Зерттеу аумағындағы NDVI индексінің сандық мәндері: 0-ден 0.15-ке дейін өте төмен, 0.15-ден 0.2-ге дейін төмен, 0.2-ден 0,3-ке дейін орташа, 0.3-тен 0.4-ке дйін жоғары және 0.4-тен жоғары өте жоғары көрсеткіштерімен бағаланды.
2002 жылы зерттеу аумағындағы өсімдік жамылғысының өте төмен (0-0.15) көрсеткіштеріне жататын жерлердің ауданы 0.78 млн гектардан 2022 жылы 19.21 млн гектарға, ал өсімдік жамылғысының төмен (0.15-0.2) көрсеткіштеріне ие жерлердің ауданы 14.05 млн гектардан 17.48 гектарға өскен. Алайда, 2002-2022 жж аралығында өсімдік жамылғысының орташа (0.2-0.3) көрсеткішіне ие жерлердің ауданы 24.13 млн гектардан 15.72 млн гектарға, жоғары (0.3-0.4) көрсеткіштегі жерлер 20.54 млн гектардан 11.4 млн гектарға және өте жоғары (>0.4) санаттағы жерлер 13.27 млн гектардан 7.98 млн гектарға дейін қысқарған. 2022 жылғы көрсеткіштер бойынша аумақтағы өсімдік жамылғысының кейбір санаттары 2012 жылға қарағанда жақсарған, алайда, өсімдік жамылғысы өте төмен (0-0.15) көрсеткіштеріне ие жерлердің ауданы үздіксіз ұлғайып келеді. Мұндай учаскелердің басым бөлігі Маңғыстау облысында болғандықтан Landsat 8-9 (OLI-TIRS) деректері негізінде қосымша NDVI, EVI, GNDVI және CVI индекстері есептелінді.
Зерттеу нәтижелері соңғы жылдары аумақтың өсімдік жамылғысының нашарлауының негізгі себебі климаттық факторларға, атап айтқанда температураның жоғарылауына және жауын-шашынның азаюына тікелей байланысты екенін анықтады.
La Communication dans le Contexte Scolaire Libanais : vecteur de motivation des enseignants
Authors: Gharib Yvette , Rached Patricia 
Published: September 2023

Communication in the Lebanese School Context: motivation vector of teachers
The objective of this article is to study the relationship between communication and the determinants of the teachers’ motivation within the same scholar institutions. Therefore, the question of the research is: what quality communication establishes a constructive institutional culture that enhances the teacher’s motivation? Answering this question, a survey is conducted in 28 Lebanese schools and the obtained results, according to the statistic method of multidimensional analysis, show a divergence concerning the views between school leaders and teachers.