bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary tumor resection improves prognosis of unresectable carcinomas of the transverse colon including flexures with pulmonary metastasis: a cohort study
Authors: Zhao Huixia , Song Guangze , Wang Ruliang , Guan Na , Yun Chao , Yang Jingwen , Ma Jin-Bao , Li Hui , Xiao Wenhua , Peng Liang 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
Studies of unresectable colorectal cancer pulmonary metastasis (CRPM) have rarely analyzed patient prognosis from the perspective of colonic subsites. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of primary tumor resection (PTR) on the prognosis of patients with unresectable pulmonary metastases of transverse colon cancer pulmonary metastasis (UTCPM), hepatic flexure cancer pulmonary metastasis (UHFPM), and splenic flexure cancer pulmonary metastasis (USFPM).

Methods
Patients were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2000 and 2018. The Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) and cause-specific survival (CSS). The Kaplan–Meier analyses and log-rank tests were conducted to assess the effectiveness of PTR on survival.

Results
This study included 1294 patients: 419 with UHFPM, 636 with UTCPM, and 239 with USFPM. Survival analysis for OS and CSS in the PTR groups, showed that there were no statistical differences in the the UHFPM, UTCPM, and USFPM patients. There were statistical differences in the UHFPM, UTCPM, and USFPM patients for OS and CSS. Three non-PTR subgroups showed significant statistical differences for OS and CSS.

Conclusion
We confirmed the different survival rates of patients with UTCPM, UHFPM, and USFPM and proved for the first time that PTR could provide survival benefits for patients with unresectable CRPM from the perspective of the colonic subsites of the transverse colon, hepatic flexure, and splenic flexure.
Luteal phase stimulation in double ovarian stimulation cycles is not affected by the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor genotype: double ovarian stimulation is beneficial independently of the genotype at position 680 of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor
Authors: Hortal Mónica , Lledo Belén , Ortiz Jose A. , Fuentes Ana , García-Ajofrín Cristina , Romero Ruth , Cascales Alba , Bernabeu Andrea , Bernabeu Rafael 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
To determine whether follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) genotype influences the outcome of ovarian stimulation treatment in luteal phase.

Methods
A total of 299 patients were included in a retrospective study between July 2017 and December 2021. These patients carried out a double stimulation protocol and the variant Asn680Ser (rs6166; c.2039A>G) of FSH receptor was genotyped either as part of the pre-treatment fertility tests or for the current study. Patients undergoing a double stimulation treatment who could not be genotyped were excluded from this analysis.

Results
The results obtained from ovarian stimulation in luteal phase were better than those obtained in conventional follicular phase. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.001) were found in the number of retrieved oocytes (5.47 vs. 4.18), retrieved MII (4.52 vs. 3.29) and fertilised oocytes (3.81 vs. 2.20). Furthermore, these differences remained regardless of the FSH receptor genotype for the 680 position in all groups (P < 0.05). In addition, stimulation in luteal phase lasts longer and requires more gonadotropins than in follicular phase. This is especially noteworthy in patients with Ser/Ser genotype, who required a slightly higher dose of gonadotropins compared to other genotypes in luteal phase, as previously observed in the follicular phase for this genotype. No significant differences in age, anti-Müllerian hormone levels, antral follicle count, BMI and type of trigger used in luteal phase were observed among groups of patients with different FSH receptor genotypes.

Conclusion
All patients undergoing IVF seem to benefit from luteal phase ovarian stimulation, regardless of their FSHR genotype.
Anterior Ear Reconstruction with the Posterior Pull-through Flap
Authors: Gatti John E. , Charipova Karina , Sollitto Robert B. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Defects of the central ear after skin cancer removal remain a common problem for the reconstructive surgeon. The experience with a one-stage, postauricular, skin-island flap passed through the cartilage to reconstruct ear defects is reported.

Methods:
Patients with an intact ear helix and an anterior full-thickness defect (cartilage defects included) were reconstructed with a skin-island flap based on posterior subcutaneous tissue deep to the flap base. The flap was passed through a generous aperture created in the ear cartilage. The skin at the base was incised superficially after the flap was passed through the cartilage to create a skin-island and avoid burial of epithelium. The flap periphery and postauricular harvest site were sutured with absorbable chromic sutures.

Results:
Twenty-two patients (six women, 16 men) with ear defects underwent single-stage reconstruction over a 9-year period. The defects reconstructed measured in diameter from 2 cm to 4.5 cm. Six patients required a second skin flap from the preauricular area to close ear canal defects. The pull-through flap added structural support, and prevented ear distortion. No flap necrosis occurred. Venous congestion was common and self-limiting. No epithelial cysts developed.

Conclusions:
A one-stage postauricular skin-island flap can reliably reconstruct anterior ear defects without distorting shape or position of the ear. Care is needed to provide a generous aperture through the ear cartilage to accommodate the flap. Healing proceeds predictably, and minimal complications are associated with this posteriorly-based, pass-through, skin-island flap in ear reconstruction.
Development of Respiratory Tract Organs for ICRP Pediatric Mesh-type Reference Computational Phantoms
Authors: Choi Chansoo , Shin Bangho , Yeom Yeon Soo , Kim Chan Hyeong , Bolch Wesley E. , Jokisch Derek W. , Han Haegin , Lee Choonsik , Chung Beom Sun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As part of the activities of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Task Group 103, the present study developed a new set of respiratory tract organs consisting of the extrathoracic, bronchial, bronchiolar, and alveolar-interstitial regions for newborn, 1-, 5-, 10-, and 15-y-old males and females for use in pediatric mesh-type reference computational phantoms. The developed respiratory tract organs, while preserving the original topologies of those of the pediatric voxel-type reference computational phantoms of ICRP Publication 143, have improved anatomy and detailed structure and also include μm-thick target and source regions prescribed in ICRP Publication 66. The dosimetric impact of the developed respiratory tract organs was investigated by calculating the specific absorbed fraction for internal electron exposures, which were then compared with the ICRP Task Group 96 values. The results showed that except for the alveolar-interstitial region as a source region, the pediatric mesh phantoms showed larger specific absorbed fractions than the Task Group 96 values. The maximum difference was a factor of ~3.5 for the extrathoracic-2 basal cell and surface as target and source regions, respectively. These results reflect the differences in the target masses and geometry caused by the anatomical enhancement of the pediatric mesh phantoms. For the alveolar-interstitial region as a source region, the pediatric mesh phantoms showed larger values for low energy ranges and lower values with increasing energies, owing to the differences in the size and shape of the alveolar-interstitial region.
USE OF HAND-HELD OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY DURING RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY SCREENING DEMONSTRATES AN INCREASED OUTER RETINA FROM EARLY POSTMENSTRUAL AGE IN PRETERM INFANTS WITH RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY
Authors: Anwar Samira , Nath Mintu , Patel Aarti , Tyradellis Straton , Gottlob Irene , Proudlock Frank A. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To identify structural markers of active retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in foveal and parafoveal retinal layers using hand-held optical coherence tomography.

Methods:
Hand-held optical coherence tomography images (n = 278) were acquired from a prospective mixed cross-sectional longitudinal observational study of 87 participants (23–36 weeks gestational age; n = 30 with ROP, n = 57 without ROP) between 31 and 44 weeks postmenstrual age excluding treated ROP and features of cystoid macular edema. Six retinal layer thicknesses from the fovea to the parafovea were analyzed at five locations up to 1,000 µm, temporally and nasally.

Results:
The mean outer retinal thickness during active ROP increased at the fovea and parafovea from postmenstrual age 33 weeks to 39 weeks (P < 0.001), whereas the parafoveal inner nuclear layer and retinal nerve fiber layer reduced (P < 0.001). Outer retinal thickness at the fovea from 33 weeks to 39 weeks postmenstrual age was consistently thicker in infants with ROP across all levels of prematurity (gestational age).

Conclusion:
Increased foveal and parafoveal outer retina measured using hand-held optical coherence tomography shows potential as a marker for ROP screening.
IRIS NODULES SECONDARY TO RETAINED PERFLUORO-N-OCTANE IN THE ANTERIOR CHAMBER AFTER MACULA-OFF RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR
Authors: Waninger Jessica J. , Ayres Bernadete , Jayasundera Kanishka , Demirci Hakan 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To describe a case of perfluoro-n-octane (PFO) retention, migration into the anterior chamber, and the subsequent formation of iris nodules after the repair of a giant retinal tear.

Methods:
Patient data were collected by a manual chart review. All patient information was deidentified.

Results:
Slit-lamp photographs demonstrate nodules on the iris surface and retained PFO in the anterior chamber. Ultrasound biomicroscopy shows multifocal hyperreflective signals on the iris surface, corresponding to the retained PFO within the iris.

Conclusion:
Retention and migration of PFO to the anterior chamber after retinal detachment repair can lead to formation of nodules on the surface of the iris.
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis with extramammary manifestations: a case report
Authors: Hamsho Suaad , Alaswad Mohammed , Alsmodi Hasan , Sleiay Mouhammed , Hoha Ghofran , Alcheikh Salwa 
Published: October 2023

Introduction and Importance:
Granulomatous mastitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the breast, which can be either idiopathic or due to secondary etiology. This disease affects women of reproductive age. The exact pathophysiology underlying idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) remains unclear, but it is believed to be mediated by immunological processes. Establishing a diagnosis of this condition could be challenging due to the long list of differential diagnoses that it creates.

Case Presentation:
We report a 24-year-old Syrian female presented to the clinic complaining of a 2-week history of fatigue, fever and chills, swelling, and localized pain in her left breast. Physical examination revealed erythema nodosum, episcleritis, and arthralgia in the wrists, ankles, and elbows. An excisional biopsy was done and a microscopic examination of the lesion confirmed granulomatous perilobular mastitis. Symptoms had resolved after the surgical excision and follow-up evaluation showed no signs of recurrence.

Clinical Discussion:
IGM typically presents as an enlarging breast mass that can be mistaken for breast cancer or an abscess. The diagnostic approach should consider the presence of extramammary symptoms such as fever, arthralgia, and fatigue. Treatment options include corticosteroids, surgical excision, or steroid-sparing agents, but relapse rates vary.

Conclusions:
Episcleritis should be considered as a potential extramammary manifestation in cases of IGM. We highlight the importance of recognizing and investigating the potential systemic involvement in patients with IGM. Accurate interpretation of pathological and radiological findings by a multidisciplinary breast team can facilitate the diagnosis and reduce unnecessary interventions.
Adoption and use of immunotherapy in breast cancer management in Africa: barriers and prospect – a narrative review
Authors: Mutiu Alani Jimoh , Olaoye Damilola Quazeem , Adesina Abass Abdus-Salam 
Published: October 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is the world’s most frequently diagnosed cancer in women, with 7.8 million women diagnosed with BC in the past 5 years. BC has the highest incidence rate of all cancers in women worldwide (1.67 million), accounting for over 500 000 deaths annually. In Africa, BC accounts for 28% of all cancers and 20% of all cancer deaths in women. The African continent has recorded an alarming increase in incidence, with the highest mortality rate globally. Despite BC being a major health concern in Africa, there is limited access to adequate healthcare services to combat the growing need. Immunotherapy, a promising treatment approach that harnesses the immune system’s power to fight cancer, has shown great potential in BC management. However, in the face of the growing body of evidence supporting its effectiveness, the adoption and use of immunotherapy in BC management in Africa remain limited. Hence, this review aimed to explore the barriers and prospects of immunotherapy adoption and use in BC management in Africa. A comprehensive search across various databases and sources using specific keywords related to immunotherapy and BC to achieve the study aim was conducted. The criteria for including data in the study were based on relevance and availability in English, with no publication year restrictions. The collected data underwent narrative analysis, supplemented by information from sources like country reports, newsletters, commentaries, policy briefs, and direct Google searches. By identifying the challenges and opportunities, this review provided insights into how healthcare providers, policymakers, and other stakeholders can work together to improve the availability and accessibility of immunotherapy to BC patients in Africa.
A Psychometric Evaluation of the Nurse Practitioner Self-efficacy Scale
Authors: Azama Katie 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
In this study, a psychometric evaluation of the Nurse Practitioner Self-efficacy Scale (NPSES) was conducted.

BACKGROUND
Self-efficacy is an important concept for optimal nurse practitioner (NP) performance and retention. The NPSES may serve as a valuable instrument to support NP practice.

METHODS
This descriptive cross-sectional study evaluated the NPSES responses from 230 NPs. Confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, and t tests were used to analyze the results.

RESULTS
Confirmatory factor analysis revealed acceptable goodness of fit for an 8-factor model (root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.05, comparative fit index = 0.97, Tucker Lewis index = 0.96). Reliability estimates resulted in acceptable internal consistency (coefficient α = 0.94). The t tests comparing more and less experienced NPs resulted in higher scores in more experienced NPs.

CONCLUSION
This validation study showed that the NPSES is a psychometrically-sound instrument to assess NP self-efficacy. The NPSES is a cost-effective and convenient method to measure self-efficacy, a valuable concept for NP practice.
Handoff Tool Improves Transitions from the Operating Room to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Gallois Julie B. , Zagory Jessica A. , Barkemeyer Brian , Knecht Michelle , Richard Lauren , Vincent Kathleen , Sciacca David , Maise-Dykes Crystal , Mumphrey Christy 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Standardized handoffs reduce medical errors and prevent adverse events or near misses. This article describes a quality improvement initiative implementing a unique standardized handoff tool and process to transition from the operating room to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at a level-four regional center with many inpatients requiring surgical intervention. Before this project, there was no standardized handoff tool or process for postsurgical transitions. The primary aim was to achieve 80% compliance with completing a structured postoperative OR to NICU handoff tool within 12 months of implementation.

Methods:
An interdisciplinary team developed and implemented a standardized NICU postoperative handoff tool and process that requires face-to-face communication, defines team members who should be present, and highlights communication with the family. In addition, the handoff tool compliance and process measures were monitored, evaluated, and audited.

Results:
Although not consistent, we achieved eighty percent compliance with the outcome measures using the handoff tool. We did not sustain 80% of appropriate providers present at handoff. In addition, insufficient data assess overall parental satisfaction with the surgical experience. Although improved, the process measure of immediate postoperative family updates did not reach the targeted goal. However, the balancing measure of staff experience and satisfaction did improve.

Conclusion:
Implementing a standardized handoff tool and process with an interdisciplinary and interdepartmental collaboration improves critical patient transitions from the operating room to the NICU.
The Rise of Online Medical Education in Craniofacial Surgery
Authors: Tu Junior Chun-Yu , Chen Gloria , Seo Hyung Joon , Tansipek Bernard , Honda Takayuki , Fayyaz Ghulam Qadir , Chou Pang-Yun , Lo Lun-Jou , Chen Yu-Ray 
Published: October 2023

Background
International travel had been radically disrupted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), leaving traditional medical conferences on a 2-year hiatus. The International Craniofacial Chang Gung Group (ICC) was thus created to disseminate knowledge related to craniofacial surgery. This study aimed to reveal how webinars fundamentally transformed the traditional format of medical conferences.

Materials and Method
In total, 64 ICC webinars held between December 13, 2020, and May 21, 2023, were documented and reviewed. A questionnaire was designed and sent to ICC members. The questionnaire collected information on attitudes and habits relating to videoconferencing in general before and after the start of COVID-19 and on the ICC webinars specifically. Responses were analyzed to inform our understanding of respondents' experience and satisfaction with the webinars.

Results
The webinars covered a variety of topics related to craniofacial surgery. In total, 64 webinars were included for analysis. The mean number of attendees at each webinar was 86.7. In total, 111 respondents were more satisfied (4.25 ± 0.72 out of 5) with ICC webinars than with other media of online meetings (P < 0.001). In total, 89.2% of respondents were willing to continue attending ICC webinars after COVID-19 restrictions have been lifted.

Conclusions
Webinars are an effective format for imparting knowledge, especially in the ICC, and will become key in continuing medical education.
An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Tissue Oximetry Versus Conventional Methods for Postoperative Monitoring of Autologous Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Johnson Braden M. , Egan Katie G. , He Jianghua , Lai Eric C. , Butterworth James A. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Tissue oximetry monitoring has shown superior outcomes to conventional monitoring methods for autologous breast reconstruction in retrospective studies with consecutive cohorts. A recent study used consecutive cohorts with tissue oximetry as the earlier cohort and found that tissue oximetry was nonsuperior. We hypothesize that improvement in microsurgical outcomes with institutional experience confounds the superiority of tissue oximetry demonstrated in prior studies. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the outcomes of tissue oximetry monitoring compared with conventional monitoring.

Methods
Relevant studies were found using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science searches for keywords such as near-infrared spectroscopy or tissue oximetry and microsurgery. Studies included compared tissue oximetry and conventional monitoring in autologous breast reconstruction patients. Studies were excluded if they did not contain a comparison group. Random-effective models were used to analyze early returns to the operating room, the total number of partial or complete flap loss, and late fat necrosis.

Results
Six hundred sixty-nine studies were identified; 3 retrospective cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 1644 flaps were in the tissue oximetry cohort, and 1387 flaps were in the control cohort. One study contained tissue oximetry as the former cohort; 2 had tissue oximetry as the latter. Neither technique was superior for any measured outcomes. The estimated mean differences between tissue oximetry and conventional monitoring method were early returns, −0.06 (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.52 to 0.410; P = 0.82); partial flap loss, −0.04 (95% CI, −0.86 to 0.79; P = 0.93); complete flap loss, −1.29 (95% CI, −3.45 to 0.87; P = 0.24); and late fat necrosis −0.02 (95% CI, −0.42 to, 0.39; P = 0.94).

Conclusions
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of mixed timeline retrospective cohort studies, tissue oximetry does not provide superior patient outcomes and shifts our current understanding of postoperative breast reconstruction monitoring. Prospective studies and randomized trials comparing monitoring methods need to be included in the existing literature.
Hepatitis Delta Virus Reporting Requirements in the United States and Territories: A Systematic Review
Authors: Assadi-Rad Milaveh , Acosta Brenda E. , Hesterman Matthew C. , Fallon Braden S. , Hill Rachel L. , Farnsworth Ethan W. , Barbeau Bree , Vilven Dede , Lynch Keisa M. , Weller Melodie L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHepatitis D virus (HDV) is a rare co-infection with hepatitis B virus. Currently, HDV is not a nationally notifiable disease in the United States. Only 55% of states and territories require HDV reporting, and most lack defined case definitions. Standardization of reporting requirements is crucial for monitoring HDV epidemiology.
Fusobacterium nucleatumpresent in the saliva of oral cancer subjects can activate niche defense of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Saikia Partha Jyoti , Pathak Lekhika , Mitra Shirsajit , Baishya Tutumoni , Das Rupam , Akeel Ibrahim S , Pal Bidisha , Das Bikul 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOral cancer is a subset of head and neck cancer (HNC), has a high incidence rate in this malignancy group. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are population of the heterogeneous malignant cells present within oral tumor microenvironment. CSCs’ stemness permits them to control several signaling pathways and so play a role in cancer progression and relapse. A number of studies have recently demonstrated the presence of specific oral bacteria populations and their lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the tumor microenvironment. The precise mechanism of action in the initiation, progression, and relapse of oral cancer by the oral bacteria are yet to be determined. We previously reported pathogenic bacterial internalization in CSCs. Based on the findings; we have developed an in-vitro model to investigate how oral microbiota may integrate into the tumor microenvironment’s CSC population and control its activity. Notably, we found that live bacteria and their LPS, mostlyFusobacterium nucleatumisolated from clinical subjects, were capable of invading CSCs in thein-vitroexperimental design setup. Post the host-pathogen interaction; it enabled the activation of a niche modulatory tumor stemness defense (TSD) phenotype in the CSCs. These aggressive CSCs with the TSD phenotype have been found to have a critical role in the progression and relapse of oral cancer.