bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on genetic diversity, gene flow and landscape genetic in Avicennia marina: Spatial PCA, Random Forest, and phylogeography approaches
Authors: Malekmohammadi Laleh , Sheidai Masoud , Ghahremaninejad Farrokh , Danehkar Afshin , Koohdar Fahimeh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMangrove forests grow in coastal areas, lagoons, estuaries, and deltas and form the main vegetation in tidal and saline wetlands. Due to the mankind activities and also changes in climate, these forests face degradations and probably extinction in some areas. Avicennia marina is one of the most distributed mangrove species throughout the world. The populations of A. marina occur in a limited region in southern parts of Iran. Very few genetic and spatial analyses are available on these plants from our country. Therefore, the present study was planned to provide detailed information on Avicennia marina populations with regard to genetic diversity, gene flow versus genetic isolation, effects of spatial variables on connectivity and structuring the genetic content of trees populations and also identifying adaptive genetic regions in respond too spatial variables. We used SCoT molecular markers for genetic analyses and utilized different computational approaches for population genetics and landscapes analyses. The results of present study showed a low to moderate genetic diversity in the studied populations and presence of significant Fst values among them. Genetic fragmentation was also observed within each province studied. A limited gene flow was noticed among neighboring populations within a particular province. One population was almost completely isolated from the gene flow with other populations and had peculiar genetic content.Spatial PCA analysis revealed both significant global and local genetic structuring in the studied populations. Spatial variables like humidity, longitude and altitude were the most important spatial features affecting genetic structure in these populations.
Low lean mass with obesity in older adults with hypertension: prevalence and association with mortality rate
Authors: Qu Qiang , Guo Qixin , Sun Jinyu , Lu Xinyi , Cheang Iokfai , Zhu Xu , Yao Wenming , Li Xinli , Zhang Haifeng , Zhou Yanli , Liao Shengen , Gao Rongrong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The influence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) on overall survival in older adults with hypertension has not been addressed. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and mortality predictive value of various body composition phenotypes, focusing mainly on SO, in older adults with hypertension.

Methods
We included 1105 hypertensive patients aged ≥ 60 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004. Sarcopenia was broadly defined based on low lean mass (LLM; as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and was defined using appendicular lean mass (ALM) divided by height squared (ALM/height2), weight (ALM/weight), and body mass index (BMI; ALM/BMI), respectively. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, body fat percentage ≥ 30/42%, or waist circumference ≥ 102/88 cm. The prevalence of LLM with obesity was estimated according to each ALM index (ALMI). Multivariable Cox regression analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to examine the association between various body composition phenotypes and all-cause mortality.

Results
In older adults with hypertension, the prevalence of LLM with obesity by the ALM/height2 index (9.8%) was lower relative to the ALM/weight (11.7%) and ALM/BMI indexes (19.6%). After a median follow-up of 15.4 years, 642 deaths occurred. In the fully adjusted models, LLM with obesity was significantly associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–2.49, P = 0.008; HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.04–2.10, P = 0.028; HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.02–1.66, P = 0.037; respectively) compared with the normal body phenotype, with no statistical differences found in individuals with LLM or obesity alone. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results.

Conclusions
The prevalence of LLM with obesity markedly differed in older adults with hypertension according to the 3 different ALMIs, varying from 9.8%, 11.7%, to 19.6%. Patients with both LLM and obesity had a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Further large, prospective, cohort studies are warranted to validate these findings and uncover underlying mechanisms.
Gestational diabetes is associated with the risk of offspring’s congenital anomalies: a register-based cohort study
Authors: Kinnunen Jenni , Nikkinen Hilkka , Keikkala Elina , Mustaniemi Sanna , Gissler Mika , Laivuori Hannele , Eriksson Johan G. , Kaaja Risto , Pouta Anneli , Kajantie Eero , Vääräsmäki Marja 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy-related disorder and a well-known risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. There are conflicting findings on the association of GDM with the risk of congenital anomalies (CAs) in offspring. In this study, we aimed to determine study whether maternal GDM is associated with an increased risk of major CAs in offspring.

Methods
This Finnish Gestational Diabetes (FinnGeDi) register-based study included 6,597 women with singleton pregnancies and a diagnosis of GDM and 51,981 singleton controls with no diabetes identified from the Finnish Medical Birth Register (MBR) in 2009. Data from MBR were combined in this study with the Register of Congenital Malformations, which includes the data of CAs. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) for CAs, together with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for maternal age, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and maternal smoking status.

Results
The risk of major CAs was higher in the GDM-exposed (n = 336, 5.09%) than in the non-exposed group (n = 2,255, 4.33%) (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05–1.33, p = 0.005). The adjusted OR (aOR) was 1.14 (95% CI: 1.00-1.30, p = 0.047). There was a higher overall prevalence of CAs, particularly chromosomal abnormalities (0.52% vs. 0.21%), in the GDM-exposed group (OR: 2.49, 95% Cl: 1.69–3.66, p < 0.001). The aOR was 1.93 (95% Cl: 1.25–2.99, p = 0.003).

Conclusions
Offspring exposed to GDM have a higher prevalence of major CAs. Of note, risk factors other than GDM, such as older maternal age and a higher pre-pregnancy BMI, diminished the between group differences in the prevalence of major CAs. Nevertheless, our findings suggest that offspring exposed to maternal GDM are more likely to be diagnosed with a chromosomal abnormality, independent of maternal age, parity, pre-pregnancy BMI, and smoking.
Exploring factors influencing the uptake of kangaroo mother care: key informant interviews with parents
Authors: Foong Wai Cheng , Foong Siew Cheng , Ho Jacqueline J. , Gautam Divya , Leong Jen Jen , Tan Pek Yong , Baskaran Mehala 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The updated World Health Organization (WHO) guideline recommends immediate kangaroo mother care (KMC) for all infants, particularly those born preterm. However, its uptake and sustainability have been unsatisfactory. Therefore, we aimed to gain deeper insight into factors influencing the uptake of KMC practice in our setting, and thereby identify possible solutions for the development of relevant interventions to improve its adoption and make KMC a routine practice for all infants.

Methods
Using the Triandis model of social behaviour as our framework, we conducted key informant interviews with parents and healthcare providers. Trained interviewers conducted interviews with nine parents, recruited via purposive sampling. These parents were parents of preterm infants who had been introduced to KMC. Data was transcribed and analysed based on Triandis’ Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour. This paper only reports the results of the parent interviews.

Results
Major findings were how positive feelings like warmth and contentment, the sense of parenthood with KMC, the benefits of KMC for their infant and parents being enablers for KMC uptake. Conversely, the lack of KMC awareness, the initial negative feelings such as fear, uncertainty and embarrassment, the prioritization of time for milk expression, overcrowding in the ward, lack of space and privacy, limited visiting hours, lack of support and poor communication resulting in misapprehension about KMC were major barriers.

Conclusion
A deeper understanding of the factors influencing the uptake of KMC using the Triandis behavioural model provided a way forward to help improve its uptake and sustainability in our settings.

Trial registration
This study was registered with the National Medical Research Registry (NMRR-17-2984-39191).
Dietary advanced glycation end products are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in Iranian adults
Authors: Jahromi Mitra Kazemi , Tehrani Asal Neshatbini , Farhadnejad Hossein , Emamat Hadi , Ahmadirad Hamid , Teymoori Farshad , Heidari Zeinab , Saber Niloufar , Rashidkhani Bahram , Mirmiran Parvin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can play an important role in increasing inflammatory factors and oxidative stress as risk factors for cancers. In the present study, we aimed to assess the relationship between dietary AGEs and the risk of breast cancer (BC) in Iranian adult women.

Methods
This hospital-based case-control study includes 401 participants aged ≥ 30 years old. The cases group consisted of 134 women diagnosed with histologically confirmed BC. The control group included 267 women enrolled randomly from patients admitted to the same hospitals. Dietary intake information was determined using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and dietary AGEs intake was computed for all participants. Logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to determine the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of BC across tertiles of dietary AGEs.

Results
The mean ± SD age and body mass index of the study population were 47.92 ± 10.33 years and 29.43 ± 5.51 kg/m2, respectively. The median (interquartile) of dietary AGEs in all individuals was 9251(7450, 11,818) kU/day. After adjusting for age, first pregnancy age, and energy intake, participants in the highest tertile of dietary AGEs intakes had higher odds of BC compared to those in the lowest tertile of dietary AGEs (OR:2.29;95%CI:1.19–4.39, Ptrend:0.012). Additionally, in the multivariable model, after adjusting for age, age at first pregnancy, energy, menopausal status, family history of cancer, anti-inflammatory drug use, Vitamin D supplementation, physical activity, body mass index, number of childbirths, and history of abortion, breastfeeding, and oral contraceptive pills use, the odds of BC were increased across tertiles of dietary AGEs intake (OR: 2.33; 95%CI: 1.18–4.60, Ptrend: 0.017).

Conclusion
The present findings suggest that a diet with high AGEs is associated with a higher likelihood of BC in adult women.
Breast-conserving surgery is an appropriate procedure for centrally located breast cancer: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yuan Ye-Wei , Liu Peng-Cheng , Li Fang-Fang , Yang Ya-Han , Yang Wei , Fan Li , Mou De-Wu , Yang Hong-Wei , Chen Mao-Shan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The evidence of breast-conserving therapy (BCT) applied in centrally located breast cancer (CLBC) is absent. This study aims to investigate the long-term survival of breast-conserving therapy (BCT) in centrally located breast cancer (CLBC) compared with mastectomy in CLBC and BCT in non-CLBC.

Methods
Two hundred ten thousand four hundred nine women with unilateral T1-2 breast cancer undergoing BCT or mastectomy were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were assessed via log-rank test. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline features, and the multivariable Cox model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio [HR] and its 95% confidence interval [CI] for breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS).

Results
With a median follow-up of 91 months, the BCSS and OS rates in patients who received BCT were greater than those patients treated with mastectomy in the entire CLBC set. Multivariable Cox analyses showed that CLBC patients who received BCT had better BCSS (HR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.55–0.80, p < 0.001) and OS (HR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.68–0.90, p = 0.001) than patients who received a mastectomy, but there were no significant differences of BCSS (HR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.47–0.90, p = 0.009) and OS (HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.65–1.04, p = 0.110) after PSM. In patients treated with BCT, CLBC patients had a similar BCSS (HR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.87–1.12, p = 0.850) but a worse OS (HR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.01–1.18, p = 0.040) compared to that of the non-CLBC patient, but there was no significant difference both BCSS (HR = 1.05, 95%CI: 0.88–1.24, p = 0.614) and OS (HR = 1.08, 95%CI: 0.97–1.20, p = 0.168) after PSM.

Conclusion
Our findings revealed that BCT should be an acceptable and preferable alternative to mastectomy for well-selected patients with CLBC.
Survival benefit of surgery with postoperative radiotherapy in locally advanced cervical adenocarcinoma: a population-based analysis
Authors: Wang Xia , Lu Xiaojuan , Chen Junxing , Yi Hanjie , Lan Qiongyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma (AC) has experienced a considerable increase in recent decades. Despite this, our understanding of the optimal management of locally advanced cervical AC remains limited. The present study sought to compare the clinical outcomes of radical hysterectomy with postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) and primary radiotherapy (RT) in patients with locally advanced cervical AC using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Methods
The data were extracted from the SEER database utilizing the SEER ∗ STAT software (version 8.4.0.1). The study included patients diagnosed with locally advanced cervical AC between 2004 and 2017 with adequate information available for analysis. Patients were assigned to either the Surgery + PORT or Primary RT group based on treatment modality, and their clinical characteristics were compared. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between groups. The primary endpoints of the study were overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Results
Of the 1363 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 302 (22.16%) underwent Surgery + PORT, while 1061 patients received Primary RT. The two groups differed significantly in terms of age, year of diagnosis, tumor size, grade, stage, T/N stage, and chemotherapy. PSM was performed to balance the baseline characteristics between the two groups, resulting in 594 patients being analyzed. After PSM, the Surgery + PORT group exhibited significantly improved survival rates. The 5-year OS rates were 69.7% (95% CI: 63.3%-76.9%) for the Surgery + PORT group and 60.9% (95% CI: 56.0%-66.3%) for the group receiving Primary RT (p = 0.002). The 5-year CSS rates for the two groups were 70.7% (95% CI: 64.3%-77.8%) and 66.2% (95% CI: 61.3%-71.5%), respectively (p = 0.049). Multivariate analysis revealed that Surgery + PORT was an independent favorable prognostic factor for OS (HR = 0.60, p = 0.001) and CSS (HR = 0.69, p = 0.022). Although the combined approach of surgery and PORT resulted in a favorable impact on OS in patients aged 65 years or older (HR = 0.57, p = 0.048), it did not result in a statistically significant improvement in CSS in the same age group (HR = 0.56, p = 0.087). Similarly, the combined treatment did not yield a statistically significant increase in either OS (HR = 0.78, p = 0.344) or CSS (HR = 0.89, p = 0.668) in patients with tumors larger than 60 mm.

Conclusion
The present study demonstrated that Surgery + PORT was associated with improved OS and CSS in patients with locally advanced cervical AC when compared to Primary RT. As such, Surgery + PORT may be a preferable therapeutic option for carefully selected patients with cervical AC. These findings offer valuable insight into the management of locally advanced cervical AC and may assist in personalized treatment decisions.
Exosomal miR-105-5p derived from bladder cancer stem cells targets for GPR12 to promote the malignancy of bladder cancer
Authors: Pan Gaojian , Jiang Bo , Yi Zhongquan , Yin Jiuhu , Liu Yadong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBladder cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are considered as the root cause of BC initiation and recurrence, and exosomes derived from BCSCs (CSCs-exo) are the vital tool for establishing a stable tumor microenvironment. miR-105-5p has been revealed to promote tumor growth in a variety of cancers, but the effects on BC are still not included.Characteristics of CSCs-exo were examined by transmission electron microscope and nanoparticle tracking analysis. PKH67 dye was used to observe the cellular uptake of exosomes. Cell viability, migration and invasion were detected by CCK-8, wound healing and transwell invasion assays, respectively. The interaction between miR-105-5p and GPR12 was verified by luciferase activity assay. Xenografts were induced in the nude mice, and H&E staining method was applied to analyze the histological changes of xenografts. CSCs-exo efficiently promoted BC cell viability, migration and invasion. miR-105-5p was highly expressed in CSCs and CSCs-exo treatment significantly upregulated the expression of miR-105-5p in BC cells.GPR12 was subsequently verified to be the target gene of miR-105-5p, and overexpression of GPR12 abrogated the effects of miR-105-5p on BC cell growth and metastasis. Reversely, the anti-tumor function of miR-105-5p antagomir was observed in the xenograft mice.CSCs aggravated the malignancy of BC partly through transmitting exosomal miR-105-5p to BC cells to inhibit the expression of GPR12, which developed a novel aspect for CSC-targeted therapies.
Association of SGLT-2 inhibitors with bacterial urinary tract infection in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tanrıverdi Mustafa , Baştemir Mehmet , Demirbakan Hadiye , Ünalan Alperen , Türkmen Merve , Tanrıverdi Gülşen Özkan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to investigate the factors associated with UTI in patients with T2D whether being treated with SGLT-2i or not.

Methods
Adult patients with T2D, whose urine culture results were available, were analyzed retrospectively. Urine culture was obtained from mid-flow urine. Antibacterial treatment was given to the patients with UTI, which was defined by positive urine cultures and/or clinical findings. We grouped the patients as follows: Group A, those treated with SGLT-2i; and Group B, those not treated with SGLT-2i.

Results
A total of 101 patients were included. Median age was 56 (45–67), 56.4% (n = 57) of the patients were female. Urine culture was positive in 54.9% (n = 28) and 16% (n = 8) of Group A (n = 51) and Group B (n = 50), respectively. Of those for whom urine culture was positive, Escherichia coli was isolated in 83.3% (n = 30), and both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pneumoniae) were isolated in 16.7% (n = 6). Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated only from Group A. The need for and duration of hospitalization were higher in Group A (p < 0.001). UTI was detected in 60 patients. ROC analysis showed that a HbA1c of > 5.8% was associated with UTI with good accuracy (AUC: 0.835, p < 0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, SGLT-2i use and glucosuria were positive predictors for UTI (p = 0.004, Odds Ratio: 1984.013; and p = 0.028, and Odds Ratio: 12.480, respectively).

Conclusion
Besides the association of HbA1c and BMI with UTI, SGLT-2i use and glucosuria predicted UTI. Urine culture is important with respect to the choice of antibacterial treatment, especially in those patients under SGLT-2i treatment. The effect of SGLT-2i on the development of UTI is independent of baseline BMI score or HbA1c.
Zingiber officinale rhizome extracts mediated ni nanoparticles and its promising biomedical and environmental applications
Authors: Abdullah  , Hussain Tahir , Faisal Shah , Rizwan Muhammad , Almostafa Mervt M. , Younis Nancy S. , Yahya Galal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Zingiber officinale, generally known as ginger, contains bioactive phytochemicals, including gingerols and shogaols, that may function as reducing agents and stabilizers for the formation of nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs). Ginger extract-mediated nickel nanoparticles were synthesized using an eco-friendly method, and their antibacterial, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, anticancer, dye degrading, and biocompatibility properties were investigated.

Methods
UV–visible spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to validate and characterize the synthesis of Ni-NPs. Agar well diffusion assay, alpha-amylase and glucosidase inhibitory assay, free radical scavenging assay, biocompatibility assay, and MTT assay were used to analyse the biomedical importance of Ni-NPs.

Results
SEM micrograph examinations revealed almost aggregates of Ni-NPs; certain particles were monodispersed and spherical, with an average grain size of 74.85 ± 2.5 nm. Ni-NPs have successfully inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris by inducing membrane damage, as shown by the absorbance at 260 nm (A260). DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals were successfully scavenged by Ni-NPs at an inhibition rate of 69.35 ± 0.81% at 800 µg/mL. A dose-dependent cytotoxicity of Ni-NPs was observed against amastigote and promastigote forms of Leishmania tropica, with significant mortality rates of 94.23 ± 1.10 and 92.27 ± 1.20% at 1.0 mg/mL, respectively. Biocompatibility studies revealed the biosafe nature of Ni-NPs by showing RBC hemolysis up to 1.53 ± 0.81% at 400 µg/mL, which is considered safe according to the American Society for Materials and Testing (ASTM). Furthermore, Ni-NPs showed antidiabetic activity by inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes at an inhibition rate of 22.70 ± 0.16% and 31.23 ± 0.64% at 200 µg/mL, respectively. Ni-NPs have shown significant cytotoxic activity by inhibiting MCF-7 cancerous cells up to 68.82 ± 1.82% at a concentration of 400 µg/mL. The IC50 for Ni-NPs was almost 190 µg/mL. Ni-NPs also degraded crystal violet dye up to 86.1% at 2 h of exposure.

Conclusions
In conclusion, Zingiber officinale extract was found successful in producing stable nanoparticles. Ni-NPs have shown substantial biomedical activities, and as a result, we believe these nanoparticles have potential as a powerful therapeutic agent for use in nanomedicine.