bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From prescribed reading to the excitement or the burden of choice
Authors: Andretta Susie 
Published: April 2005

PurposeThe paper focuses on e‐learning from an information literacy perspective and promotes the view that information literacy education needs to play a central role within any e‐learning initiative. The main aim of this paper is therefore to present the claim that e‐learning must be supported by an information literacy framework to enable an effective interaction between learners, information literacy educators and complex information environments.Design/methodology/approachLiterature‐based analysis of the main issues covered. These include: the challenges generated by the proliferation of digital information and the consequent need for information literacy education to counteract the phenomenon of information overload; the comparison of the information literacy approach promoted by Australia and the USA with the ICT‐skills approach adopted by the UK.FindingsExamples of information literacy frameworks promoted by the Association of College and Research Libraries and the Australian and New Zealand Institute are used to illustrate the strong association between the “learning‐how‐to‐learn” model, lifelong learning and the global knowledge economy. The UK perspective on e‐learning reveals a similar lifelong‐learning agenda, although in this case ICT skills, not information literacy, are identified as a priority, even though the effectiveness of lifelong‐learning competences depends on the learner's ability to interact with constantly changing information and knowledge structures.Originality/valueThe paper promotes the view that a fully‐fledged information literacy education, based on nationally recognised standards, must underpin any pedagogical initiative especially in the area of e‐learning which requires the learners’ active engagement with a wide range of information sources and formats. The paper is therefore relevant to those professionals involved in the development of policy and provision at higher education level.
Engineering an afterburner for a miniature gas turbine engine
Authors: Cooper Jonathan , Dingle Lloyd 
Published: April 2005

PurposeThis paper is concerned with the theoretical and practical engineering development issues, necessary for the design, build and test of an afterburner thrust augmentation system for a model aircraft gas turbine engine.Design/methodology/approachResearch into key combustion parameters including, flame holder diameter, flame holder edge velocity, burner velocity and equivalence ratio were undertaken. This information was used as the basis for the design and fabrication of the afterburner combustion system. The after burner system had been designed to fit a Wren MW54 model gas turbine engine, that included FADEC control for the mother engine. Substantial testing of the afterburner system was undertaken.FindingsChanges in “dry” and “wet” jet efflux temperature while the engine is accelerating from idle to full power are found. The increase in temperature between the dry and wet case are not markedly different, demonstrating the poor quality of the afterburner flame: the testing of the afterburner system resulted in limited flame substantiation being achieved.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research is required and is currently being undertaken, into the computational modelling of fuel atomisation issues and further engineering of the fuel injection system.Practical implicationsThis afterburner design may eventually be adopted by Wren Turbines for economic production.Originality/valueProvides further information on the engineering and efficiency problems associated with very small‐scale gas turbine engines.
A review of conventional and synergistic systems for small satellites
Authors: Varatharajoo Renuganth , Kahle Ralph 
Published: April 2005

PurposeTo compare the conventional reaction wheel and battery systems with the combined energy and attitude control system. The system mass, volume and power requirements are revealed corresponding to the small satellite missions.Design/methodology/approachAll the relevant system parametric equations are established. The system mass, volume and power are estimated accordingly for the conventional and the combined systems. Then, both systems are compared with respect to the typical small satellite missions.FindingsThe combined system outperforms the conventional system in most small satellite missions. However, there are some small satellite missions where the conventional systems are better in terms of the mass and volume budgets.Research limitations/implicationsThis research work is exclusively for small satellites in the LEO orbits.Practical implicationsA reasonable information for sizing the combined energy and attitude control system is established. The system mass, volume and power budgets can be extracted from this research work.Originality/valueThe results provide an instant answer regarding the feasibility of the combined energy and attitude control system for small satellites.
A model governing the stall characteristics of an isolated axial compressor rotor
Authors: Canbazoğlu Suat , Sami Yilbaş Bekir 
Published: April 2005

PurposeA stall model to predict the performance of a blade row operating under rotating stall conditions, is proposed.Design/methodology/approachThe experiments were carried out on an isolated rotor row of an axial flow compressor of a radius ratio of 0.66 hub/tip. Wall static pressure tappings were used for measurement of blade row pressure rise. The mass flow rate through the machine was determined from the pressure drop at the intake. Detailed flow measurements were made using a hot wire “V” probe and transducers. An online data acquisition system was used in which data sampling was phase‐locked with respect to stall cell trailing edge.FindingsMeasurements indicate that a pressure depression occurs in the stalled region. The assumption of uniform static pressure at the exit of a stalled blade row is not supported by the present work. The assumption of uniform static pressure at the exit of a stalled row together with the assumption that flow in unstalled regions operates at fixed point on the unstalled characteristic leads to the conclusion that total‐to‐static pressure rise during stalled operation is independent of blockage. This view is not supported by the experiments carried out on an isolated rotor.Research limitations/implicationsAdditional experimental studies for axial compressors having different rotor and blade geometries and rotor speeds, are required.Practical implicationsThe results can be used in the design and operation of axial compressor rotors.Originality/valueA new stall model is presented in which the behavior during stalled operation with large blockage is different from that during, low blockage.
A simple method of estimating the maintenance cost of airframes
Authors: Eduardo Salamanca H. , Luis Quiroz L. 
Published: April 2005

PurposeTo make easier the estimation of maintenance cost of airframes, using commercial software and considering reliability's conditions.Design/methodology/approachIt was possible to propose a new method using commercial reliability software. Stress load is included as a random variable in reliability analysis. An example is done. The results are compared with other works.FindingsIt is easier and faster to apply than the methodology proposed by other authors.Originality/valueThis paper suggests an easy way of evaluating the economic life of aircraft structures. The calculated optimal stress distribution function can be used with commercial reliability software to estimate the crack size population.
Sensor and control surface/actuator failure detection and isolation applied to F‐16 flight dynamic
Authors: Hajiyev Chingiz , Caliskan Fikret 
Published: April 2005

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to present an approach to detect and isolate the aircraft sensor and control surface/actuator failures affecting the mean of the Kalman filter innovation sequence.Design/methodology/approachThe extended Kalman filter (EKF) is developed for nonlinear flight dynamic estimation of an F‐16 fighter and the effects of the sensor and control surface/actuator failures in the innovation sequence of the designed EKF are investigated. A robust Kalman filter (RKF) is very useful to isolate the control surface/actuator failures and sensor failures. The technique for control surface detection and identification is applied to an unstable multi‐input multi‐output model of a nonlinear AFTI/F‐16 fighter. The fighter is stabilized by means of a linear quadratic optimal controller. The control gain brings all the eigenvalues that are outside the unit circle, inside the unit circle. It also keeps the mechanical limits on the deflections of control surfaces. The fighter has nine state variables and six control inputs.FindingsIn the simulations, the longitudinal and lateral dynamics of an F‐16 aircraft dynamic model are considered, and the sensor and control surface/actuator failures are detected and isolated.Research limitations/implicationsA real‐time detection of sensor and control surface/actuator failures affecting the mean of the innovation process applied to the linearized F‐16 fighter flight dynamic is examined and an effective approach to isolate the sensor and control surface/actuator failures is proposed. The nonlinear F‐16 model is linearized. Failures affecting the covariance of the innovation sequence is not considered in the paper.Originality/valueAn approach has been proposed to detect and isolate the aircraft sensor and control surface/actuator failures occurred in the aircraft control system. An extended Kalman filter has been developed for the nonlinear flight dynamic estimation of an F‐16 fighter. Failures in the sensors and control surfaces/actuators affect the characteristics of the innovation sequence of the EKF. The failures that affect the mean of the innovation sequence have been considered. When the EKF is used, the decision statistics changes regardless the fault is in the sensors or in the control surfaces/actuators, while a RKF is used, it is easy to distinguish the sensor and control surface/actuator faults.
Are we making the most of food safety inspections?
Authors: Griffith C.J. 
Published: April 2005

PurposeInspections by environmental health practitioners are an important element of how regulatory agencies attempt to ensure that consumers are provided with safe food. However, there are concerns about the efficacy of inspections at a time of industry expansion and limited resources. This paper seeks to review traditional and potential new approaches to inspection.Design/methodology/approachThe traditional cycle of public health protection is reviewed. Problems with inspections are identified. How a consumer demand can be created for food service operations to implement food safety is examined. The publication of inspection reports is reviewed.FindingsAn essential requirement for publication of inspection reports is consistency of inspections. How information technology can be applied to the inspection process is discussed. Additional advantages from using new technology are presented, linking inspections to the design and construction of targeted hygiene initiatives.Originality/valueA new model for the cycle of public health protection is proposed.
Assessing compliance with food safety legislation in small businesses
Authors: Yapp Charlotte , Fairman Robyn 
Published: April 2005

PurposeThis article aims to describe a research methodology used to examine compliance with food safety legislation within small businesses and the effect of local authority interventions on compliance. Different methodological approaches used within the research design are evaluated.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical research using multiple case studies investigated compliance within small food businesses. Multiple sources of evidence were analysed using qualitative and quantitative techniques.FindingsThe validity of research design was affected in various ways. Using a quantitative approach was limited by the availability of a suitable indicator to measure compliance and by the difficulty in establishing causality. Qualitative approaches showed that businesses constructed their conception of compliance differently from the more formal compliance concept of regulatory agencies. This alternative construction of compliance impacts on the effectiveness of different methodologies.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings demonstrate the limitations of quantitative approaches in exploring the compliance process. Differences in understanding the nature of compliance impact on validity: researchers cannot rely on businesses accurately “reporting” their compliance.Originality/valueThis article examines empirical research on the compliance process in small food businesses. It shows how the validity of a research design can be affected using evidence from this research.
Protecting consumers
Authors: Worsfold Denise 
Published: April 2005

PurposeHygiene award schemes are intended to promote excellent food safety standards. They should encourage food premises to raise standards and provide consumers with more information. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) is considering a national hygiene award scheme as part of its strategy to improve food safety management in food businesses throughout the UK. This paper seeks to review four hygiene award schemes that are currently operating in the UK.Design/methodology/approachThe schemes were assessed using the preferred components for a national scheme established by the FSA. An attempt was made to gauge consumer and industry interest in the schemes and to identify whether food safety standards had been improved.FindingsIn all of the schemes the food safety standards were assessed by enforcement officers during routine inspections to grade the awards. The award schemes appeared to be popular with most award winners, with some of the local authorities and with those members of the public who are aware of them. However, the schemes do little to inform the public of actual standards in food premises. This lack of transparency mainly relates to a lack of information on the scoring mechanism for businesses and the public, limited publicity for the scheme in the media and the evident need to educate the public.Originality/valueInformation on the benefits and limitations of the different schemes that are highlighted may make some contribution to the debate on a national scheme.
Management training: benefits and lost opportunities (part II)
Authors: Longenecker Clinton O. , Fink Laurence S. 
Published: April 2005

PurposeThis paper aims to explore why organizations often focus little attention and resources on management training and provides a useful checklist of ways to close the managerial skills gap through training.Design/methodology/approachSeasoned managers (278) in rapidly changing organizations were surveyed on their experiences with management training.FindingsA content analysis revealed the most frequently cited causes of why organizations fail to properly train their managers.Research limitations/implicationsGeneralization of these findings to non‐rapidly changing organizations may be limited.Practical implicationsResults indicate that organizations fail to properly train managers for a host of reasons. Many of failures to train are caused by misconceptions about training needs, the ability of managers to handle their own training or the value of training to the organization compared with other efforts. Lack of accountability and poor implementation are other key reasons cited for training failures.Originality/valueThe findings provide a useful list of the causes for ineffective training and the discussion focuses on ways to close the managerial skills gap.
The similarities and differences between coaching and therapy
Authors: Bluckert Peter 
Published: April 2005

PurposeThis article sets out to explore the similarities and differences between coaching and therapy – a subject of great interest currently within coaching and therapy fields.Design/methodology/approachThe objectives are achieved by examining the convergence of approaches and thinking within these fields, as well as exploring theoretical contributions to the debate.FindingsCoaching and therapy have a number of similarities. However, as this article explores, the two disciplines are in many ways, considerably different, particularly in terms of context issues bought to sessions and the ultimate intension. Typically, the skill sets required for each differ. Practical considerations such as terms of contract, length of session, pricing and boundaries also vary greatly.Originality/valueThe paper examines in greater detail a subject which is of very definite interest to both coaching and therapeutic practitioners, and also examines the popular argument in greater depth.
The power within
Authors: Rabey Gordon 
Published: April 2005

Purpose of this paperAims to consider the two scenarios facing a new manager appointee – the organization chart which outlines assignment of authority in the workplace and the involvement in a work group in which teamwork is advocated.Design/methodology/approachAdvises new managers that though they were appointed to their positions, their recognition as leaders has to be earned by their performance.FindingsObserves that if employees choose not to follow – which is voluntary – the manager will find it very hard to be effective.Originality/valueEmphasises what tends to be overlooked.
The Jagiellonian Library, Cracow: its history and recent developments
Authors: Bakowska Ewa 
Published: April 2005

PurposeTo describe the history of the Jagiellonian Library (Biblioteka Jagiellońska), Cracow, Poland up to the present time.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a narrative and factual account of the library's past and present development in the broader context of Polish history.FindingsThe strengths of the collection are summarised, as well as the historical role of the library, which has emerged as the second national library of Poland.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is only able to present a summary of the library's collection strengths, though more scholarly analyses are listed for further reading.Practical implicationsThe paper gives historical insight into the development of a rich, historic library collection and explores how such a collection can maintain a vital relationship with the identity of a nation – in this case, Poland.Originality/valueThis paper raises awareness of some hitherto unfamiliar facts about Polish Library history, highlighting aspects of the Jagiellonian Library's possibly unique position in world library history.
Entrepreneurship education and training: can entrepreneurship be taught? Part I
Authors: Henry Colette , Hill Frances , Leitch Claire 
Published: April 2005

PurposeDespite a growing body of literature in the field, there is still considerable uncertainty as to whether entrepreneurs are born or made, which has led to an ongoing debate in the entrepreneurship academy about whether we can actually teach individuals to be entrepreneurs. With this in mind, this two‐part paper aims to address the question of whether or not entrepreneurship can be taught.Design/methodology/approachIn part I the importance of entrepreneurship in a modern, constantly changing environment is outlined, and the various ways in which entrepreneurship programmes can be categorised are considered. Attention is given to the various difficulties associated with the design of programmes, as well as their objectives, content and delivery methods. Part II of the paper focuses on the difficulties associated with programme evaluation and the various approaches adopted to determining and measuring effectiveness. This leads to a discussion on whether or not entrepreneurship can be successfully taught.FindingsDespite the growth in entrepreneurship education and training programmes, the paper reports that little uniformity can be found. Attention is drawn to the art and the science of entrepreneurship, with the consensus that at least some aspects of entrepreneurship can successfully be taught.Originality/valueThe authors highlight the need for evaluating programmes and for educators and trainers to have a fuller understanding of what they wish to achieve from their programme from the outset in order to ensure a more accurate assessment of the outcomes.
Reconfiguring higher education: the case of foundation degrees
Authors: Wilson John P. , Blewitt John , Moody Daphne 
Published: April 2005

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the policy background, educational rationale, developmental stages, and the introduction and piloting of a foundation degree (FD).Design/methodology/approachThe approach is a description and discussion. The paper draws together, for the first time, the main policy documents and reviews and relates these to the pilot programme.FindingsThis new qualification is an attempt to reduce the academic and vocational divide, improve intermediate skill levels, develop the qualifications progression ladder and effectively widen participation to higher education (HE) for non‐traditional groups. Despite criticisms and hesitant take up FDs represent a significant development in British Higher Education producing some innovative and successful programmes such as the FD in Health and Social Care at Bradford University.Originality/valueOf value to those interested in developments in HE. A number of conclusions are drawn and questions are raised regarding the extent to which FDs might achieve their objectives.
Organizational values and social power
Authors: Koslowsky Meni , Stashevsky Shmuel 
Published: April 2005

PurposeOver the past decade, the social power taxonomy has been applied in many organizational contexts. This study aims to examine the issue of organizational values as antecedents of social power.Design/methodology/approachA total of 187 Israeli MBA students participated in a study of power and values, as measured by organizational practices and behaviors.FindingsFindings indicated that soft power bases were preferred over harsh, as expected. In addition, support for the hypothesis of an interaction affect was obtained as charismatic leaders in a complex work environment used punishment very rarely. The findings were discussed in terms of the use in organizations of power strategies as a function of values.Originality/valueAlthough the main independent variables, organizational type (routine vs complex) and leadership style (transformational vs transactional), had each been studied independently, this was the first study of their interaction.
Rewards and sacrifices in élite and non‐élite organizations
Authors: Pichanick Mogelof Josephine , Haueisen Rohrer Lisa 
Published: April 2005

PurposeThe original purpose of this study was not to focus on job satisfaction, but rather to conduct an exploratory investigation of how symphony orchestra players cope with the frustrations and disappointments of orchestra life. Symphony orchestra players report surprisingly low levels of job satisfaction given the perception held by many that life and work in symphony orchestras is glamorous and rewarding.Design/methodology/approachJob satisfaction data were collected in the form of interviews and surveys from 66 musicians in an élite, major orchestra and a non‐élite, regional orchestra.FindingsPlayers in both orchestras were similarly satisfied with co‐worker relationships and experienced similar levels of intrinsic work motivation and job involvement. Despite better financial resources in the major orchestra, satisfaction with opportunities for growth and opportunities to exert influence increased with tenure in the regional orchestra, whereas the opposite was true for major players.Originality/valueThe article discusses context‐driven job satisfaction tradeoffs associated with careers in élite versus non‐élite organizations and the role organizations may play in facilitating or impeding workers’ participation in valued activities. It emphasizes the importance of participation in valued activities as a key driver of job satisfaction.