bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long noncoding RNAs and their complex role in shaping and regulating arachidonic acid metabolism: Learning to love the (not‐really) junk
Authors: Desind Samuel Z. , Bell Samira K. , Davidson Zachary M. , Lutz Carol S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in numerous biological processes. The arachidonic acid (AA) metabolic pathway is a fundamental biochemical pathway responsible for the enzymatic conversion of AA, a 20‐carbon omega‐six polyunsaturated fatty acid, into a variety of potent lipid signaling molecules known as eicosanoids. Eicosanoids are produced through the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase arms of the AA pathway and have diverse biological roles in both healthy and disease states, including cancer and inflammatory diseases. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2), the inducible, rate‐limiting enzyme of the cyclooxygenase arm, produces two main forms of eicosanoids: prostaglandins and thromboxanes. AA metabolized through the lipoxygenase arm by the action of 5‐lipoxygenase (ALOX5) produces eicosanoids known as leukotrienes. COX‐2 and ALOX5 gene expression are regulated through many different lncRNAs and microRNA (miRNA)‐mediated mechanisms. As previously reviewed, noncoding RNAs affect transcription, splicing, alternative polyadenylation, messenger RNA stability, translation, and miRNA regulation of COX‐2 and ALOX5 (Lutz and Cornett, 2013, Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA, 4(5), 593–605). This current review discusses the intricate roles of lncRNAs, including MALAT1, NEAT1, HOTAIR, PACER, and others, in modulating the AA pathway. In this review update, we will delve into advancements in our understanding of AA gene expression regulation. We will explore the mechanisms of lncRNAs and their associated miRNAs and proteins known to regulate key components of the AA signaling pathway. We will also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting lncRNA‐mediated regulation, with a focus on modulating COX‐2 and ALOX5 activity and downstream eicosanoid production for applications in inflammatory and oncological conditions.This article is categorized under:
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
High nitrogen concentration causes G2/M arrest in Hanseniaspora vineae
Authors: Schwarz Luisa Vivian , Sandri Fernanda Knaach , Scariot Fernando , Delamare Ana Paula Longaray , Valera Maria Jose , Carrau Francisco , Echeverrigaray Sergio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractYeasts have been widely used as a model to better understand cell cycle mechanisms and how nutritional and genetic factors can impact cell cycle progression. While nitrogen scarcity is well known to modulate cell cycle progression, the relevance of nitrogen excess for microorganisms has been overlooked. In our previous work, we observed an absence of proper entry into the quiescent state in Hanseniaspora vineae and identified a potential link between this behavior and nitrogen availability. Furthermore, the Hanseniaspora genus has gained attention due to a significant loss of genes associated with DNA repair and cell cycle. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the effects of varying nitrogen concentrations on H. vineae's cell cycle progression. Our findings demonstrated that nitrogen excess, regardless of the source, disrupts cell cycle progression and induces G2/M arrest in H. vineae after reaching the stationary phase. Additionally, we observed a viability decline in H. vineae cells in an ammonium‐dependent manner, accompanied by increased production of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial hyperpolarization, intracellular acidification, and DNA fragmentation. Overall, our study highlights the events of the cell cycle arrest in H. vineae induced by nitrogen excess and attempts to elucidate the possible mechanism triggering this absence of proper entry into the quiescent state.
Data-Based Utilisation Contexts
Authors: Scheffer Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPersonalised data are used in different economic contexts of utilisation to target users with the right products, information and services. The channels through which person-related data are obtained are as various as the possibilities of approaching people individually. While the extensive knowledge about users provides the topic for research looking into (government) surveillance or the loss of privacy, this chapter focuses on the significance of self-mirroring: What are the social implications of targeting every user individually when people are confronted with the economic expression of their own dispositions? Numerous examples will illustrate that such a recursive reference is possible and widely used for the majority of day-to-day activities, online as well as offline.
Einleitung
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungAm 31. Dezember 2003 strahlen alle nationalen chilenischen Nachrichtensender die gleichen Bilder aus: der damalige Präsident Ricardo Lagos läuft in Badehose über einen weißen Sandstrand in ein türkisfarbenes Meer und badet vor den Augen lokaler PolitikerInnen, AnwohnerInnen und gefolgt von mehreren Kameramännern ausgelassen in der Bucht von Chañaral. Nach einem erfolgreichen Dekontaminierungsplan sei einer der größten Umweltskandale des Landes nun behoben und der Sandstrand offiziell wieder zum Baden freigegeben, wodurch die Region eine neue Tourismusattraktion dazugewinnen würde, kommentieren die NachrichtensprecherInnen die Bilder. Sie berichten, es handle sich dabei um ein öffentliches Zeichen des Präsidenten, das sein Engagement für die Umwelt unterstreiche.
Theoretischer Rahmen, zentrale Begriffe und Forschungsstand
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird zunächst slow violence als zentrales Konzept innerhalb dieser Arbeit dargestellt, um den Forschungsgegenstand einzugrenzen und seine zentralen Elemente herauszuarbeiten. Von ihm ausgehend wird die bestehende Literatur und Forschung zu verschiedenen Mechanismen und Strukturen, die zur gesellschaftlichen Unsichtbarkeit dieser Form sozial-ökologischer Probleme führen, herausgearbeitet und dargestellt. Auf diese Weise wird einerseits die bestehende Forschungslücke, die anschließend empirisch bearbeitet wird, dargestellt und gleichzeitig werden jene Erklärungsansätze aufgeführt, die für meine Forschung relevant sind und später erneut aufgegriffen werden.
Fragestellung und Forschungsheuristik
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDie unterschiedlichen, oben dargestellten Forschungslücken und im Besonderen die Arbeiten von und mit Sebastián Ureta stellen den Ausgangpunkt des Forschungsinteresses dar, das dieser Arbeit zugrunde liegt. Die Fragestellung dieses Vorhabens entspringt zudem vorwiegend aus eigenen Erkenntnissen und selbst erhobenen Daten zweier vorangegangener Untersuchungen. Zwischen 2014 und 2015 habe ich im Rahmen des Fondecyt-Projekts El desecho de Chile: Un análisis sociotécnico de las prácticas y políticas respecto del manejo de relaves mineros en el país, das von Sebastián Ureta geleitet wurde, zwei Teilprojekte durchgeführt.
Constructing Carrollian field theories from null reduction
Authors: Chen Bin , Liu Reiko , Sun Haowei , Zheng Yu-fan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel way to construct off-shell actions of d-dimensional Carrollian field theories by considering the null-reduction of the Bargmann invariant actions in d +1 dimensions. This is based on the fact that d-dimensional Carrollian symmetry is the restriction of the (d + 1)-dimensional Bargmann symmetry to a null hypersurface. We focus on free scalar field theory and electromagnetic field theory, and show that the electric sectors and the magnetic sectors of these theories originate from different Bargmann invariant actions in one higher dimension. In the cases of massless free scalar field and d = 4 electromagnetic field, we verify the Carrollian conformal invariance of the resulting theories, and find that there appear naturally chain representations and staggered modules of Carrollian conformal algebra.
Soft gravitons in the BFSS matrix model
Authors: Miller Noah , Strominger Andrew , Tropper Adam , Wang Tianli 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
BFSS proposed that asymptotically flat M-theory is dual to a large N limit of the matrix quantum mechanics describing N nonrelativistic D0-branes. Recent insights on the soft symmetries of any quantum theory of gravity in asymptotically flat space are applied to the BFSS matrix model. It is shown that soft gravitons are realized by submatrices whose rank is held fixed in the large N M-theory limit, rather than the usual linear scaling with N for hard gravitons. The soft expansion is identified with the large N expansion and the soft theorem becomes a universal formula for the quantum mechanical scattering of such submatrix excitations. This formula is shown to be the Ward identity of large type IIA U(1)RR asymptotic gauge symmetry in the matrix model, whose asymptotic boundaries are at future and past timelike infinity.
Axion inflation in the strong-backreaction regime: decay of the Anber-Sorbo solution
Authors: von Eckardstein Richard , Peloso Marco , Schmitz Kai , Sobol Oleksandr , Sorbo Lorenzo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Axion inflation coupled to Abelian gauge fields via a Chern-Simons-like term of the form $$ \phi F\overset{\sim }{F} $$
ϕF

F
~

represents an attractive inflationary model with a rich phenomenology, including the production of magnetic fields, black holes, gravitational waves, and the matter-antimatter asymmetry. In this work, we focus on a particular regime of axion inflation, the so-called Anber-Sorbo (AS) solution, in which the energy loss in the gauge-field production provides the dominant source of friction for the inflaton motion. We revisit the AS solution and confirm that it is unstable. Contrary to earlier numerical works that attempted to reach the AS solution starting from a regime of weak backreaction, we perform, for the first time, a numerical evolution starting directly from the regime of strong backreaction. Our analysis strongly suggests that, at least as long as one neglects spatial inhomogeneities in the inflaton field, the AS solution has no basin of attraction, not even a very small one that might have been missed in previous numerical studies. Our analysis employs an arsenal of analytical and numerical techniques, some established and some newly introduced, including (1) linear perturbation theory along the lines of ref. [1], (2) the gradient expansion formalism (GEF) developed in ref. [2], (3) a new linearized version of the GEF, and (4) the standard mode-by-mode approach in momentum space in combination with input from the GEF. All these methods yield consistent results confirming the instability of the AS solution, which renders the dynamics of axion inflation in the strong-backreaction regime even more interesting than previously believed.
Recombinant protein delivery enables modulation of the phototransduction cascade in mouse retina
Authors: Asteriti Sabrina , Marino Valerio , Avesani Anna , Biasi Amedeo , Dal Cortivo Giuditta , Cangiano Lorenzo , Dell’Orco Daniele 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInherited retinal dystrophies are often associated with mutations in the genes involved in the phototransduction cascade in photoreceptors, a paradigmatic signaling pathway mediated by G protein-coupled receptors. Photoreceptor viability is strictly dependent on the levels of the second messengers cGMP and Ca2+. Here we explored the possibility of modulating the phototransduction cascade in mouse rods using direct or liposome-mediated administration of a recombinant protein crucial for regulating the interplay of the second messengers in photoreceptor outer segments. The effects of administration of the free and liposome-encapsulated human guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP1) were compared in biological systems of increasing complexity (in cyto, ex vivo, and in vivo). The analysis of protein biodistribution and the direct measurement of functional alteration in rod photoresponses show that the exogenous GCAP1 protein is fully incorporated into the mouse retina and photoreceptor outer segments. Furthermore, only in the presence of a point mutation associated with cone-rod dystrophy in humans p.(E111V), protein delivery induces a disease-like electrophysiological phenotype, consistent with constitutive activation of the retinal guanylate cyclase. Our study demonstrates that both direct and liposome-mediated protein delivery are powerful complementary tools for targeting signaling cascades in neuronal cells, which could be particularly important for the treatment of autosomal dominant genetic diseases.
Cordycepin delays postovulatory aging of oocytes through inhibition of maternal mRNAs degradation via DCP1A polyadenylation suppression
Authors: Li Chong , Zhu Ling , Liu Jun-Xia , Guo Jing , Xie Juan , Shi Chun-Meng , Sun Qing-Yuan , Huang Guo-Ning , Li Jing-Yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPostovulatory aging leads to the decline in oocyte quality and subsequent impairment of embryonic development, thereby reducing the success rate of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Potential preventative strategies preventing oocytes from aging and the associated underlying mechanisms warrant investigation. In this study, we identified that cordycepin, a natural nucleoside analogue, promoted the quality of oocytes aging in vitro, as indicated by reduced oocyte fragmentation, improved spindle/chromosomes morphology and mitochondrial function, as well as increased embryonic developmental competence. Proteomic and RNA sequencing analyses revealed that cordycepin inhibited the degradation of several crucial maternal proteins and mRNAs caused by aging. Strikingly, cordycepin was found to suppress the elevation of DCP1A protein by inhibiting polyadenylation during postovulatory aging, consequently impeding the decapping of maternal mRNAs. In humans, the increased degradation of DCP1A and total mRNA during postovulatory aging was also inhibited by cordycepin. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that cordycepin prevents postovulatory aging of mammalian oocytes by inhibition of maternal mRNAs degradation via suppressing polyadenylation of DCP1A mRNA, thereby promoting oocyte developmental competence.
Cohomogeneity one manifolds with quasipositive curvature
Authors: Wulle Dennis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we give a classification of cohomogeneity one manifolds admitting an invariant metric with quasipositive sectional curvature except for two 7-dimensional families. The main result carries over almost verbatim from the classification results in positive curvature carried out by Verdiani and Grove, Wilking and Ziller. Three main tools used in the positively curved case that we generalized to quasipositively curved cohomogeneity one manifolds are Wilking’s Chain Theorem, the classification of positively curved fixed point homogeneous manifolds by Grove and Searle and the Rank Lemma.
Acute effects of outdoor and indoor walking on cigarette cravings, withdrawal symptoms and affective response during temporary smoking abstinence
Authors: Schöttl Stefanie E. , Insam Kathrin , Frühauf Anika , Kopp-Wilfling Prisca , Holzner Bernhard , Kopp Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Cigarette smoking is one of the leading preventable causes of premature death worldwide. There is evidence in the literature that brief exercise units indoors can improve well-being in temporarily abstinent smokers and reduce cigarette cravings and withdrawal symptoms.

Objective
Because exercise in natural environments showed enhanced psychological effects, the aim of our study was to examine the acute effects of outdoor exercise compared with indoor exercise on craving, withdrawal symptoms and affective response in temporarily abstinent smokers.

Methods
In a randomized controlled within-subject-design, temporarily abstinent smokers (N = 16) participated in three interventions lasting 10 min: outdoor walking (OUT-EX), indoor walking (IN-EX) and a sedentary control condition (CC). Self-reported cigarette craving, withdrawal symptoms and affective response were assessed pre-, mid-, post-interventions and at follow-up.

Results
In contrast to CC, OUT-EX and IN-EX significantly reduced cigarette cravings during and at the end of the intervention compared to pre-intervention, but not at 20 min follow-up. Cigarette withdrawal symptoms decreased significantly over time in all three groups, but no significant group differences were found. OUT-EX and IN-EX, but not CC, showed significantly improved affective valence at the end of the intervention and at follow-ups. Outdoor walking resulted in significantly lower cigarette cravings than indoor walking at the end of the intervention.

Conclusion
The study adds to existing evidence that short bouts of indoor or outdoor exercise can help reduce cigarette cravings and increase well-being in abstinent smokers. Further studies are needed to address the potential additional effect of outdoor exercise on craving, affective states and smoking cessation.
Rigorous pH measurement in non-aqueous solution: measurement method and reference values in ethanol
Authors: Bastkowski Frank , Heering Agnes , Uysal Emrah , Liv Lokman , Leito Ivo , Quendera Raquel , Ribeiro Luís , Deleebeeck Lisa , Snedden Alan , Nagy Dániel , Szilágyi Zsófia Nagyné , Camões Filomena , Anes Bárbara , Roziková Matilda , Stoica Daniela 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe recently introduced unified pH ($${\mathrm{pH}}_{\mathrm{abs}}^{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}$$

pH

abs

H
2

O

) concept enables rigorous pH measurements in non-aqueous and mixed media while at the same time maintaining comparability to the conventional aqueous pH scale. However, its practical application is hindered by a shortage of reference $${\mathrm{pH}}_{\mathrm{abs}}^{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}$$

pH

abs

H
2

O

values. In order to improve this situation, the European Metrology Research Project (EMPIR) UnipHied (“Realisation of a UnipHied pH scale”) launched an interlaboratory comparison among highly experienced electrochemistry expert laboratories to assign the first such reference $${\mathrm{pH}}_{\mathrm{abs}}^{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}$$

pH

abs

H
2

O

values by adopting an extensive statistical treatment of the reported measurement data: to phosphate buffer in water–ethanol mixture (50 wt% of ethanol) and ammonium formate buffer in pure ethanol. Two different measurement setups — one capable of being easily adopted in industrial applications — have been used to demonstrate the robustness of $${\mathrm{pH}}_{\mathrm{abs}}^{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}$$

pH

abs

H
2

O

measurement. This is an important step towards wider adoption of the $${\mathrm{pH}}_{\mathrm{abs}}^{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}}$$

pH

abs

H
2

O

concept in practice, like liquid chromatography, biofuels analysis and electrocatalysis.
Back and front peripersonal space: behavioural and EMG evidence of top–down and bottom–up mechanisms
Authors: Cocchini Gianna , Müllensiefen Daniel , Platania Ruggero , Niglio Chiara , Tricomi Enrica , Veronelli Laura , Judica Elda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have identified a ‘defensive graded field’ in the peripersonal front space where potential threatening stimuli induce stronger blink responses, mainly modulated by top–down mechanisms, which include various factors, such as proximity to the body, stimulus valence, and social cues. However, very little is known about the mechanisms responsible for representation of the back space and the possible role of bottom–up information. By means of acoustic stimuli, we evaluated individuals’ representation for front and back space in an ambiguous environment that offered some degree of uncertainty in terms of both distance (close vs. far) and front–back egocentric location of sound sources. We aimed to consider verbal responses about localization of sound sources and EMG data on blink reflex. Results suggested that stimulus distance evaluations were better explained by subjective front–back discrimination, rather than real position. Moreover, blink response data were also better explained by subjective front–back discrimination. Taken together, these findings suggest that the mechanisms that dictate blink response magnitude might also affect sound localization (possible bottom–up mechanism), probably interacting with top–down mechanisms that modulate stimuli location and distance. These findings are interpreted within the defensive peripersonal framework, suggesting a close relationship between bottom–up and top–down mechanisms on spatial representation.
Aberrant brain intra- and internetwork functional connectivity in children with Prader-Willi syndrome
Authors: Huang Zhongxin , Zhang Xiangmin , Yang Xinyi , Ding Shuang , Cai Jinhua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) suffers from brain functional reorganization and developmental delays during childhood, but the underlying neurodevelopmental mechanism is unclear. This paper aims to investigate the intra- and internetwork functional connectivity (FC) changes, and their relationships with developmental delays in PWS children.

Methods
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging datasets of PWS children and healthy controls (HCs) were acquired. Independent component analysis was used to acquire core resting-state networks (RSNs). The intra- and internetwork FC patterns were then investigated.

Results
In terms of intranetwork FC, children with PWS had lower FC in the dorsal attention network, the auditory network, the medial visual network (VN) and the sensorimotor network (SMN) than HCs (FWE-corrected, p < 0.05). In terms of internetwork FC, PWS children had decreased FC between the following pairs of regions: posterior default mode network (DMN) and anterior DMN; posterior DMN and SMN; SMN and posterior VN and salience network and medial VN (FDR-corrected, p < 0.05). Partial correlation analyses revealed that the intranetwork FC patterns were positively correlated with developmental quotients in PWS children, while the internetwork FC patterns were completely opposite (p < 0.05). Intranetwork FC patterns showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.947, with a sensitivity of 96.15% and a specificity of 81.25% for differentiating between PWS and HCs.

Conclusion
Impaired intra- and internetwork FC patterns in PWS children are associated with developmental delays, which may result from neural pathway dysfunctions. Intranetwork FC reorganization patterns can discriminate PWS children from HCs.

Registration number on the Chinese Clinical Trail Registry
ChiCTR2100046551.
Cross invariance, the Shapley value, and the Shapley–Shubik power index
Authors: Chen Chun-Ting , Juang Wei-Torng , Sun Ching-Jen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper we propose a simple axiom which, along with the axioms of additivity (transfer) and dummy player, characterizes the Shapley value (the Shapley–Shubik power index) on the domain of TU (simple) games. The new axiom, cross invariance, demands payoff invariance on symmetric players across “quasi-symmetric games,” that is, games where excluding null players, all players are symmetric. Additionally, we demonstrate that the axiom of additivity can be replaced by a new axiom called strong monotonicity, or it can be completely dropped if a stronger version of cross invariance is employed. We also show that the weighted Shapley values can be characterized using a weighted variant of cross invariance. Efficiency is derived rather than assumed in our characterizations. This fresh perspective contributes to a deeper understanding of the Shapley value and its applicability.