bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical profile of multi-drug reisitance tuberculosis in adults
Authors: V Latha , T M Tanveer Ahmed , G Shyamala 
Published: December 2023

on 24 march 1884 etiological agent of tuberculosis was discovered by German doctor Dr. Robert Koch, this discovery led to variety of medical applications in diagnosis and management of pulmonary TB. Among many infectious disease prevalent in India, drug resistant TB is one among the important public health problem. There are many factor which influence occurrences of the drug resistant TB, our study conducted mainly to understand those factors which influences the drug resistant TB i.e clinical profile of drug resistant TB in tertiary hospital VIMS, Ballari. The prospective study was conducted in patients admitted in medical college hospitals affiliated to Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Ballari over a period of 2 years from November 2016 to October 2018. All patients with sputum AFB and X-ray suggestive of tuberculosis were sent to CBNAAT (Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test) for detection of drug resistance. Clinical and radiological characteristics, and risk factors were recorded and further analysis was made. Out of 150 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis 28 of them were detected with drug resistance tuberculosis. Out of 28 drug resistance tuberculosis patients all 28 patients had resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin (MDR-TB). During the study period, among the drug resistant tuberculosis patients the maximum patients belonged to age group 35 to 48yrs of age and males (n=24, 85.7%) outnumbered females (n=4, 14.3%). Fever (n=26, 92.9%) was common symptom. And next common symptom was cough (n=25, 89.2%), loss of appetite, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, loss of weight, chest pain and wheezing. HIV (39.2%) was the common comorbidities among the study patients, followed by diabetes mellitus (35.7%), HTN (35.7%) and COPD (28.5%). About 71.5% of the cases were smokers and 64.3% had history of alcohol consumption and 14.2% were tobacco chewers in this study. About 57.1 % (n=16) were taken ATT previously and not completed treatment and 4 of them were relapse case. This study had shown that, drug resistance tuberculosis is more common than a rare entity and also shows that drug residence is associated with HIV and drug defaulter. Appropriate adherence with ATT and early diagnosis is main determinant in drug resistance TB.
Sars-cov-2 and denv co-infection: Diagnostic challenge and curse on overloaded health care system
Authors: Tiwari Suman , Sarwat Tarana , Kakru Dalip K 
Published: December 2023

Co-infection with dengue is posing a diagnostic challenge in dengue-endemic countries because of similar clinical symptoms & laboratory findings between COVID 19 and Dengue infection. This co-infection is a warning for dengue endemic regions to face the challenge of differentiating and managing two disease entities together as both show serological cross reactivity which can mislead the timely diagnosis and treatment and is associated with increased mortality. And if timely diagnosis is not made, it will spread the virus to other people as timely isolation will not be done.: Present study aimed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 & dengue co-infection in a tertiary care centre and to compare the laboratory findings among patients of COVID-19, dengue and co-infection cases. : This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, SMSR, Sharda Hospital and University. : This cross-sectional study was done on COVID-19 positive patients and dengue positive patients over the period of four months. Nasopharyngeal/ oropharyngeal swabs were subjected to RT-PCR for COVID-19 infection and serum samples of the patients were used for performing rapid card test for dengue infection. : The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and presented in form of tables and graphs. P&#60;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Out of 45 cases with COVID-19 & DENV co-infection, age group 40-70yrs constitute 62.2% of cases. 24.4% (11 patients) out of 45 co-infection patients showed leucopenia. 62.2% (28 patients) out of 45 co-infection patients showed lymphopenia. 64.4% (29 patients) out of 45 co-infection patients showed increased levels of D-Dimer. 48.9% (22 patients) out of 45 co-infection cases developed thrombocytopenia. : In dengue-endemic regions like India overlapping out-breaks of dengue & COVID-19 infection, poses a challenge for accurate diagnosis & treatment because of similarities in clinical symptoms and laboratory findings.
Knowledge and practice of masks during COVID-19 among non-teaching staff in a tertiary health care Centre, India
Authors: Kushwaha Poonam , Pundhir Ashish , Gahlot Anju , Singh Lakshmi 
Published: December 2023

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has infected millions worldwide. Preventive interventions are beneficial to mitigate transmission, containment of the disease, and stop the resurgence of another wave of the pandemic. A cross-sectional study was done among non-teaching staff, aged 18 years or above willing to voluntarily participate to assess knowledge and practice of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary health care center. we also addressed the need for the use of face masks even after the vaccination is done. Subjects demonstrated good knowledge about transmission and practice of preventive measures for COVID-19. Among those, who were always (100%) using masks, marital status, education, and occupation had a significant association with the frequency of use of masks. While those, who were mostly (&#62;50%) using masks, marital status, and education were significant determinants of the frequency of use of masks. The study highlighted the importance of knowledge and appropriate practice of the use of masks, which can help policymakers to predict success & make necessary modifications based on it, to stop transmission and fluctuation in the declining phase of covid-19 pandemic.
Study of thyroid functions in transfusion dependent thalassemia patients of pediatric age group with reference to serum ferritin level in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Nayak Bibhu Prasad , Murmu Mangal Charan , Panda Swarupa , Mohapatra Tanuja , Singh Bipsa 
Published: December 2023

Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine complication in transfusion dependent thalassemia patients. Its prevalence and severity is variable and the natural history is poorly described. The frequency of hypothyroidism in Beta Thalassemia Major (BTM) children ranges from 6 to 30%. To determine the levels of serum TSH and FT4 in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT), as well as their relationship to the degree of iron excess indicated by serum ferritin levels. This observational descriptive study was undertaken on 200 patients (5 to15 yrs of age) in the department of Pediatrics in SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India from to after obtaining clearance from institutional ethical committee. Out of total 200 TDT children, 141(70.50%) were euthyroid and 59(29.50%) were hypothyroid. Among hypothyroid children, 9(4.5%) had overt hypothyroidism and 50(25%) children had subclinical hypothyroidism. In children &#60;10 years of age group there was a positive correlation between serum ferritin and rise in serum TSH (p &#60; 0.05, r= .553). The rise in serum ferritin was statistically not significant with fall in serum FT4 (p &#60; 0.05, r= .122). In children &#62;10 years of age group, there was positive correlation between serum TSH and serum ferritin (p &#60; 0.05,r=.845). There was an inverse relation between rise in serum ferritin and fall in serum FT4 (p &#60; 0.05, r= -.406). Hypothyroidism was associated in significant number of transfusion dependent thalassemia patients. Adequate iron chelation therapy to keep serum ferritin level within normal limit and early detection of hypothyroidism preferably below 10 years of age will prevent hypothyroidism and its complications in transfusion dependent thalassemia.
Drug utilization study in acute febrile illnesses in a tertiary care hospital of central India
Authors: Quazi Shadma Hafizuddin , Siddiqui Riyaz , Shende Tanaji R , Mahajan Harshal , Dashputra Amruta Vishwas 
Published: December 2023

Acute febrile illness (AFI) can be caused by various aetiologies. Different antimicrobials are available to be used depending on the cause. Also, there are interpersonal variations in the prescription of these antimicrobials. Antibiotic stewardship programs frequently employ antibiotic policies to reduce the needless use of drugs and improve management. As a result, the purpose of this study is to examine current patterns in the use of antibiotics in patients with acute febrile illness.It is an observational study based on records that were conducted at a tertiary care hospital. 300 patient case files with acute febrile illnesses were admitted to the Department of Medicine after analysing numerous etiologies for antibiotic usage. Antibiotics for different aetiologies of febrile sickness were noted in a case record form. Data collected were analysed for proportion to find the prescription pattern of antimicrobials.Respiratory tract infections, especially upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) (26.6%) are frequent clinical diseases for which antibiotics were administered followed by acute gastroenteritis (16%), urinary tract infection (UTI) (12.3%) and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) (9.6%), dengue fever (9%) & viral fever (8.3%). Ceftriaxone (20%) was one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotics and Piperacillin+ Tazobactum (16.25%) was followed by Amoxycillin + clavulanic acid (10.5%), Clarithromycin (8.5%), Cefuroxime (7.25%). According to our analysis, respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal infections were the two conditions for which antibiotics were most frequently administered. Third-generation cephalosporins, particularly ceftriaxone and cefixime, were the most frequently used antibiotics.
Prevalence of co-morbidities and referral patterns in routine preoperative evaluation: A retrospective observational analysis in a tertiary care government hospital
Authors: Hazarika Plabon , Bharali Prabal , Choudhury Biswadeep , Das Oreyjeet , Vignesh S 
Published: December 2023

The initial interaction between patients and anaesthesiologists during pre-anaesthesia check-ups (PAC) is a crucial opportunity to diagnose and pre-optimize co-morbidities that might go unnoticed. This proactive approach contributes to safe anaesthesia administration, uneventful intra-operative experiences, and smooth post-operative recovery. Our study assesses the prevalence of diverse co-morbidities within a tertiary care centre's PAC. After analysing data from 3 months involving 905 patients, 624 individuals exhibited co-morbidities, with 217 cases being newly identified within the PAC clinic. Among female patients, anaemia emerged as the most prevalent anomaly (219 cases), while hypertension dominated among male patients (171 cases). Overall, anaemia constituted the most common co-morbidity (362 cases). A comprehensive clinical assessment during the Pre-Anaesthetic Clinic empowers formulation strategies for pre-optimization and treatment of co-morbidities. Timely intervention is pivotal, not only to prevent surgery delays but also to avert potentially catastrophic outcomes arising from untreated conditions. This approach translates into expedited patient recovery, minimizing anaesthesia-related complications. The Pre-Anaesthetic Clinic plays a pivotal role in diagnosing and intervening in patient co-morbidities. Beyond diagnosis, it is a crucial early intervention and treatment platform, significantly enhancing the overall surgical recovery process.
Morbilidad en recién nacidos concebidos mediante técnicas de reproducción asistida
Authors: Bazán Godínez Sandra , Oldak Skvirsky David , Pérez Tuñon Jorge Guillermo , Benítez Castro Kenia Lizeth 
Published: December 2023

OBJETIVO: Reportar la morbilidad en recién nacidos concebidos mediante alguna técnica de reproducción asistida.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, de cohorte retrolectiva efectuado mediante el análisis de los expedientes de pacientes que recibieron técnicas de reproducción asistida entre los meses de octubre de 2016 y diciembre de 2018 en un hospital privado de tercer nivel. Se revisaron los expedientes de sus respectivos recién nacidos en búsqueda de enfermedades diagnosticadas al nacimiento y hasta su alta del hospital.
RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 69 madres y 95 recién nacidos. El promedio de edad de las madres fue de 36.9 años (límites: 19 y 54 años). En el 85.5% (59 de 69) de ellas se encontró, al menos, un antecedente de relevancia para la gestación, sobre todo hipotiroidismo (n = 9) y miomectomía (n = 7), como procedimiento quirúrgico. El 37% (n = 26) de los embarazos fueron gemelares. La media de semanas de gestación de los recién nacidos fue de 35.8 (límites 25.5 y 40.1); la media del peso al nacimiento fue de 2298 gramos (límites 780 y 4150 g). En 69 de los 95 recién nacidos (72.6%) se reportaron morbilidades al nacimiento: prematurez (84.1%), hiperbilirrubinemia (36.2%) y síndrome de dificultad respiratoria (28.9%), que requirieron el ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos de 20% de los neonatos debido, sobre todo a la prematurez (18.9%) y síndrome de dificultad respiratoria (13.6%). La estancia hospitalaria promedio fue de 11.3 días (límtes: 2 y 100), sin registro de fallecimientos.
CONCLUSIONES: Se observó una elevada incidencia (37%) de embarazos gemelares y prematurez (84.1%); en la mayoría de los casos la morbilidad fue transitoria, sin secuelas permanentes ni fallecimientos de los recién nacidos estudiados.
Caracterización clínico-epidemiológica de pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19 atendidos en un hospital regional de El Salvador
Authors: Saravia Henriquez Karla Carolina , Flores Kenia Estela , Oliva Marín José Eduardo , Sanchez García Mario Alejandro , Domínguez de Quijada Rhina Lissette 
Published: December 2023

OBJETIVO: Describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas, de laboratorio, imagen y tratamiento de casos pediátricos de COVID-19, confirmados por reacción en cadena de polimerasa-transcriptasa reversa (RT PCR) o serología, atendidos en un hospital regional de El Salvador.
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal y descriptivo de pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19, confirmados con pruebas moleculares o serología atendidos entre el 1 de junio y el 31 de diciembre de 2020. Para asegurar la confidencialidad se asignó un código por paciente.
RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 72 pacientes entre los que predominó el grupo de 1 a 4 años (n = 25). La media de edad fue de 3.4 años; 28 de sexo femenino y 44 del masculino. Permanecieron asintomáticos 3 pacientes, 37 con síntomas leves, 22 moderados, 4 graves y 6 críticos. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: fiebre, hiporexia, adinamia y tos. Los hallazgos de laboratorio de mayor reporte fueron: anemia, linfopenia, deshidrogenasa láctica, proteína C reactiva y velocidad de eritrosedimentación elevadas. En la radiografía de tórax se encontró neumonía en 26 pacientes. Tratamientos más indicados: antibióticos y acetaminofén. Once pacientes requirieron oxígeno suplementario y siete ventilación mecánica. La estancia hospitalaria en menores de 1 año fue del doble con respecto a los otros grupos etarios. Seis pacientes resultaron con síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico. Hubo siete fallecimientos.
CONCLUSIONES: Si bien en la mayoría de los casos el pronóstico fue favorable, algunos pacientes tuvieron enfermedad grave o crítica y fallecieron a pesar de su atención en cuidados intensivos. Para disminuir estos desenlaces se requiere educar a la población a fin de que acuda rápidamente a consulta, fortalecer las competencias clínicas del personal de salud para la identificación oportuna de la enfermedad e incrementar la capacidad instalada de cuidados intensivos ante fenómenos epidemiológicos similares.
Divertículo de Meckel perforado en un recién nacido pretérmino. Reporte de caso
Authors: Sanchez Cabrera José Alfredo , Rodríguez Rosas Karla Marisol , Velázquez Quintana Nora , Gonzáles Mateos Tomás , Ávila Reyes Ricardo , Garza López Marisol , Morales Desales Jazziel 
Published: December 2023

ANTECEDENTES: El divertículo de Meckel es la anomalía congénita más común del aparato gastrointestinal, se encuentra en alrededor del 2 al 3% de la población. Se estima que, incluso, el 50% de los divertículos contienen tejido ectópico, de los que un 60 a 85% es tejido gástrico y del 5 al 16% corresponden a tejido pancreático. Gran parte de los divertículos son asintomáticos (cerca del 95.2%) y dependen del tipo de complicación del divertículo.
CASO CLÍNICO: Recién nacido a las 32 semanas de gestación, con peso al nacimiento de 1050 g y talla de 36 cm, con dificultad respiratoria. A su ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales, a las 19 horas de vida, fue intubado, sin datos de problema abdominal. En la radiografía de tórax pudo apreciarse la parte superior del abdomen con neumoperitoneo; por eso se decidió la laparotomía exploradora en la que se identificó el divertículo de Meckel perforado, a 40 cm de la válvula íleo-cecal, que se intervino mediante un procedimiento laparoscópico.
CONCLUSIÓN: El divertículo de Meckel sintomático y la manifestación clínica de su perforación es rara en el periodo neonatal; por esto difícilmente se tiene sospecha diagnóstica de forma prequirúrgica. El proceso diagnóstico y terapéutico más adecuado es similar al de otras causas de perforación intestinal: la laparoscopia.
Analysis of Paradigm Shift Toward the Transformation of Nahdlatul Ulama’s Political Orientation
Authors: Abadi Mansurni , Arraki Rajih , Shukyzhanova Aiym 
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the process of paradigm shift of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU)’s national politics orientation. Considering Thomas S. Kuhn's paradigm shift concept, particularly the revolutionary stages, there was a separation of the national political transformation period in NU. A paradigm shift which opens awareness in understanding the science does only happens in established objectivity. The product of ijtihad, due to the deposition of knowledge, always has natural subjectivity with what they believe as the truth. Thus, innovative movements in finding alternative linear formulations that can always form dialogue with the times must always be carried out. Through literary work, this article illustrates that demarcation boundaries of the occurrence of NU's national political shift characterized by the pre-normal phase, normal phase, anomaly-crisis phase, and new-normal phase. Utilizing Kuhn’s perspective as tool of analysis, this study finds out that there are a few stages of paradigm shift experienced by NU. NU's struggles marked the pre-normal phase as an embryo before finally becoming an organization. The birth and development of NU marked the intermediate phase as a socio-political-religious organization on the track of the struggle. The anomaly-crisis phase occurred when NU metamorphosed into a political party, involved in interests, and strayed from its goals. The new-normal phase was marked by NU's return to Khittah in 1926, which meant returning to a social-religious-based organization. NU has returned to the struggle to fill and maintain independence through national politics in this phase.
Geological and geomorphological zoning of the Seyda river basin (east of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra) based on the ArcticDEM digital elevation model
Authors: Isakov V. 
Published: December 2023

The Bolshezemelskaya tundra is one of the least studied and poorly mapped territories of the European North-East of Russia. The availability of the ArcticDEM digital elevation model with a high spatial resolution allowed conducting a comprehensive joint analysis of digital, geomorphological and geological data.
The results of using the ArcticDEM global digital relief model for geological and geomorphological studies of the Seyda River basin (eastern Bolshezemelskaya tundra) in its middle and lower reaches are presented.
An irregular triangulation network TIN covering the Seyda River valley was constructed, and the main geomorphometric parameters of the relief were calculated: hypsometric characteristics, surface inclination angles and slope exposures. Based on the obtained morphometric indicators of the relief and the textural and structural characteristics of Quaternary sediments, the following types of relief were identified: accumulative glacial, erosion-accumulative water-glacial and erosion-accumulative alluvial types of relief. A geological and geomorphological diagram of the Seyda River valley was been constructed and the main morphogenetic features of the relief during its formation were identified.
Застосування моделей штучного інтелекту для вирішення проблеми втрати контролю над дроном
Authors: Ахаладзе А. , Лісовиченко О. , Богданова Н. 
Published: December 2023

Об’єктом дослідження є процес управління роєм дронів з можливим розривом каналу комунікації з управляючим хабом, що дозволить зменшити ризики втрати членів рою у випадку втрати зв'язку з хабом, за рахунок побудови дублюючої системи контролю. Метою роботи є уникнення зависання дрону у невизначеному стані при втратізв'язку з управляючим хабом за рахунок побудови модулю дублюючої системи контролю на базі ІоТ Edge Module, що використовує простий пре-навчений класифікатор зображень для пошуку жесту та запускає сценарій посадки у випадкувтрати звяззку з ІоТ хабом. Запропонований підхід дозволяє розгортати модуль на кожному члені рою, висуваючи вимоги сумісності, та розгортання на кожному дроні дозволяє виконувати операції автономного сценарію посадки незалежно, ізольовано. Використання ІоТ Edge моделі розгортання дозволяє будувати незалежні модулі длямоніторингу стану та керування, що дає можливість будувати більш складну логіку системи керування роєм, а використання попередньо навченої моделі розпізнавання не вимагає глибоких знань нейронних мереж.
Бібл. 12, рис. 6
Огляд технологій RPA
Authors: Трояновська A. , Батрак Є. , Цьопа Н. 
Published: December 2023

Головний фокус у статті зроблений на технології RPA (Robotic Process Automation) і тому, як вони впливають на операційні бізнес-процеси. RPA – це програмна технологія, яка дозволяє підприємствам автоматизувати повторювані та нудні процеси за допомогою використання вбудованих алгоритмів, створених різними платформами та постачальниками RPA рішень. Мета цієї статті – дослідити, упорядкувати та визначити потенційні перспектививикористання RPA у сучасному бізнес-середовищі. У статті докладно розглядаються основні переваги впровадження RPA як технології в підприємство, такі як підвищення продуктивності виконання бізнес-процесів, ефективності та точності; скорочення часу виконання робіт, і мінімізація помилок. Велика увага в статті приділяється дослідженню потенційного майбутнього реалізації RPA. Очікується, що функціональність і потужності RPA з часом будуть продовжувати збільшаться, і що RPA буде інтегровано з різноманітними передовими технологіями, що підніме автоматизацію бізнес-процесів на нову висоту. Підсумовуючи, застосування технологій RPA є великим кроком до оптимізації бізнес-процесів у корпоративному середовищі, яке швидко змінюється.
Бібл. 5, іл. 1, табл. 1
Розв’язання задачі доцільності впровадження пакетів сервісів за допомогою статистичної інформації
Authors: Гавриленко О. , Чимшир В. , Теленик С. , Жаріков Е. , Омельченко Р. 
Published: December 2023

У статті запропонований підхід до розв’язання задачі формування пакетів сервісів в рамках платформи підтримки життєвого циклу сервісів в інформаційних системах провайдерів інформаційно-комунікаційних послуг. Описанапроблема формування пакетів сервісів для користувачів сервісів провайдера, наведена формальна постановка задачі формування пакетів сервісів на основі використання статистичної інформації. Описаний метод розв’язання задачі формування пакетів сервісів і наведене його обґрунтування. Проведене експериментальне дослідження запропонованого методу розв’язання задачі формування пакетів сервісів.
Бібл. 21, табл. 4