bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absorption of Millimeter-band CO and CN in the Early Universe: Molecular Clouds in the Radio Galaxy B2 0902+34 at Redshift 3.4
Authors: Emonts Bjorn H. C. , Curran Steve J. , Miley George K. , Lehnert Matthew D. , Carilli Chris L. , Yoon Ilsang , Morganti Raffaella , van Weeren Reinout J. , Villar-Martín Montserrat , Guillard Pierre , Cordun Cristina M. , Oosteroo Tom A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, we have detected absorption lines due to carbon monoxide, CO(J = 0 → 1), and the cyano radical, CN(N = 0 → 1), associated with radio galaxy B2 0902+34 at redshift z = 3.4. The detection of millimeter-band absorption observed 1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang facilitates studying molecular clouds down to gas masses inaccessible to emission-line observations. The CO absorption in B2 0902+34 has a peak optical depth of τ ≥ 8.6% and consists of two components, one of which has the same redshift as previously detected 21 cm absorption of neutral hydrogen (H i) gas. Each CO component traces an integrated H2 column density of

N

H

2

≳ 3 × 1020 cm−2. CN absorption is detected for both CO components, as well as for a blueshifted component not detected in CO, with CO/CN line ratios ranging from ≲0.4 to 2.4. We discuss the scenario that the absorption components originate from collections of small and dense molecular clouds that are embedded in a region with more diffuse gas and high turbulence, possibly within the influence of the central active galactic nucleus or a starburst region. The degree of reddening in B2 0902+34, with rest-frame color B − K ∼ 4.2, is lower than the very red colors (B − K > 6) found among other known redshifted CO absorption systems at z < 1. Nevertheless, when including the many nondetections from the literature, a potential correlation between the absorption-line strength and B − K color is evident, giving weight to the argument that the red colors of CO absorbers are due to a high dust content.
A Comparative Analysis of the Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Measured from Earth and Mars: Toward a General Empirical Model for the Study of Planetary Aeronomy
Authors: Xu Zhen , Qin Jianqi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Accurate estimation of the solar vacuum ultraviolet irradiance between 0.1 and 200 nm is critical for the study of planetary aeronomy. Previous empirical models have relied on a limited number of reference spectra, or on multiple data sets with various degrees of uncertainty, and on an empirical selection of solar proxies. Here we propose a novel method for the development of empirical models based on Fourier transform and least-squares fitting of the long-term measurements from the Solar EUV Experiment on the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics mission. A Fourier transform analysis is performed to examine a large number of solar proxies, which reveals that the solar radio flux at 10.7 cm and the solar Lyα flux at 121.6 nm are better proxies for solar irradiance below and above ∼120 nm, respectively. Using these two proxies, a nonlinear empirical model is developed through Fourier transform and least-squares fitting of solar irradiance measurements, which can reproduce the solar irradiance with uncertainties of only ∼1%–2% above ∼120 nm, ∼2%–4% within ∼45–120 nm, and ∼4%–8% below ∼45 nm. Comparison with measurements from the Extreme Ultraviolet Monitor on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission indicates that the solar irradiance at Mars can be predicted with uncertainties of less than ∼8% by geometric extrapolation of the solar irradiance measured from Earth, provided that the measurements from Earth can be calibrated accurately. Our study provides a general method for the development of empirical models using long-term observations in planetary aeronomy.
Identification of Carbon Stars from LAMOST DR7
Authors: Li Linlin , Zhang Kecheng , Cui Wenyuan , Shi Jianrong , Ji Wei , Huo Zhenyan , Gao Yawei , Zhang Shuai , Sun Mingxu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Carbon stars are excellent kinematic tracers of galaxies and play important roles in understanding the evolution of the Galaxy. Therefore, it is worthwhile to search for them in a large number of spectra. In this work, we build a new carbon star catalog based on the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopy Telescope (LAMOST) DR7 spectra. The catalog contains 4542 spectra of 3546 carbon stars, identified through line index and near-infrared color–color diagrams. Through visual inspection of the spectra, we further subclassify them into 925 C–H, 384 C–R, 608 C–N, and 1292 Ba stars. However, 437 stars could not be subclassified due to their low signal-to-noise. Moreover, by comparing with the LAMOST DR7 pipeline we find 567 more carbon stars and visually subclassify them. We find that on the J − H versus H − K

s
two-color diagram, C–N stars can be reliably distinguished from the other three subtypes. Additionally, by utilizing the Gaia distance, we study the distribution of carbon stars in the H-R diagram and identify 258 dwarf carbon stars by the criterion M

G
> 5.0 mag. Finally, we present the spatial distribution in Galactic coordinates of the 3546 carbon stars. The majority of C–N, C–R, and Ba stars are distributed at low Galactic latitudes, while most C–H and dwarf carbon stars are distributed at high Galactic latitudes.
Voyager 1 Electron Densities in the Very Local Interstellar Medium to beyond 160 au
Authors: Kurth W. S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The two Voyager spacecraft have been exploring the interstellar medium beyond the heliopause since 2012 (Voyager 1) and 2018 (Voyager 2). Electron plasma oscillations and a quasi-thermal noise line at the electron plasma frequency have enabled the determination of the electron density in this region, revealing a radial density gradient convolved with shocks and pressure fronts. Voyager 1 has a functioning wideband receiver that provides high-spectral-resolution observations allowing the detection of the quasi-thermal noise line and has now provided electron densities to 161.4 au. Since a pressure pulse observed in 2020 around day 146 at about 149 au, the density has remained relatively constant at 0.147 cm−3 based on the most recent observations from 2023, suggesting that Voyager 1 has reached a broad density peak and possibly a new regime.
Effects of topical Ivermectin on imiquimod-induced Psoriasis in mouse model – Novel findings
Authors: Almudaris Sally Ayad , Gatea Fouad Kadhim 
Published: February 2024

Aim: investigate the possible anti-psoriatic effect of ivermectin in mice based on observational and histopathological outcomes and biomarkers.
Methods: Sixty male Swiss Albino Mice were divided into six groups (Groups I–VI); each group contained ten mice with shaved dorsal skin. The clinical, pathological, and laboratory effects were measured.
Results: Topical Ivermectin significantly decreased vascular endothelial growth factor levels. At the same time, the combination of ivermectin plus Clobetasol showed a more significant reduction in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels. Regarding the Interleukin-10 (IL-10) level, the Ivermectin and Ivermectin/Clobetasol combination groups showed a significant increase in IL-10.
Conclusion: Topical Ivermectin’s anti-psoriasis activity increases IL-10 levels and could be used efficiently to alleviate psoriatic symptoms. Its combination treatment with Clobetasol holds promise for the management of psoriasis.
Ring Finger 43 Hot-spot Frameshift Mutation G659V in Colorectal Cancer Patients: Report from a Tertiary Cancer Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Vasudevan Smreti , Mehta Anurag , Karki Diksha , Kumar Dushyant 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
The Ring Finger 43 (RNF43) is a tumor suppressor gene that negatively regulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The p.G659fs is a recurrent RNF43 C-terminal truncating variant frequent in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We aimed to identify this hotspot variant in CRC patients and assessed the relationship between the mutation, clinical characteristics, and tumor β-catenin localization.

Materials and Methods:
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of upfront, surgically resected, sporadic colorectal adenocarcinoma cases were selected. The p.G659fs mutation was determined by capillary sequencing with sequence-specific primers. Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were employed to analyze nuclear β-catenin expression and the expression of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, respectively. In addition, clinical details were retrieved from the hospital medical records and data were analyzed.

Results:
The RNF43 p.G659fs mutation was observed in 8% of CRC patients. In total, 25% of tumors showed a loss of immunostaining for one or more MMR proteins and 14.6% of tumors showed positive nuclear β-catenin staining. The p.G659fs variant was significantly enriched in MMR-deficient tumors (P = 0.04). Importantly, no correlation was observed between the variant and nuclear β-catenin localization (P = 0.48), indicating a Wnt-independent role of this variant in CRC tumors.

Conclusions:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study from North India to show the involvement of RNF43 p.G659fs variant in CRC patients. The mutation correlated with MMR protein deficiency and seems to be conferring tumorigenicity independent of the Wnt pathway.
Analysis of immediate effect of nadishodhana pranayama in the ratio of 1:3:2 on autonomic and respiratory variables in healthy individuals
Authors: Saisupriya K. , Chandrappa Shashikiran H. , Shetty Shivaprasad K. , Shetty Prashanth , Honnegowda Thittamaranahalli Muguregowda , Hiremath Leena 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Nadishodhana pranayama (NS) has been used extensively for relaxation as well as therapeutics by many practitioners; the physiological effects of NS in this specific ratio have not been studied yet. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the immediate effect of NS pranayama in the ratio of 1:3:2 with a time line of 6:18:12 s and its role in clinical application.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. Individuals were randomly allocated into two groups, NS pranayama with antarkumbhaka (Group 1) and breathe awareness (Group 2). For case group, intervention was given for 12 rounds and for the control group, breath awareness was given for 12 rounds and assessed immediately after the practice.

Results:
In the study group, a significant decrease in mean heart rate (HR) (p < 0.0001) and a significant increase in mean respiratory rate (RR), NN50 (p < 0.0001), RMSSD, and pNN50 (p < 0.0001) after the intervention compared to their prevalues and with that of the control group were noted. Frequency domain analysis of HR variability showed a significant decrease in the pre- and post-values of low-frequency (LF) power (p < 0.0001), very LF, and LF/high-frequency (HF) power (p < 0.0075) and a significant increase in the pre- and post-values of HF power (p < 0.001) after the intervention in the study group.

Conclusions:
The result concludes that the immediate effect of NS pranayama in the ratio of 1:3:2 brings parasympathetic activity in the study group by decreasing RR and HR. Hence, the NS pranayama with kumbhaka is a better method to increase parasympathetic activity.
Anxiety and depression related to yog nidra among professional students
Authors: Joshi Rupali 
Published: February 2024

Background:Anxiety is one's response to stress. Its symptoms can be psychological, physical, or environmental challenges. Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feeling of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration. Yog nidra is probably the best known technique to induce complete physical and emotional relaxation.Aim:The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of yog nidra for reducing anxiety and depression among first-year professional students.Materials and Methods:The level of anxiety was measured by using State, Trait, and Free-Floating Anxiety Scale developed by Tripathi and Rastogi (1986). The Hindi version of Beck Depression Inventory by Arora and Prashant (1988) was used to assess the depression level of participants. The study was conducted in three phases. In Phase-1 (preintervention), data were obtained from 201 students. In the Phase-2 (intervention phase), the participants were selected on the basis of high scores on the measures of anxiety and depression and divided into intervention (28 students) and non-intervention groups (30 students). The intervention group was given yog nidra training regularly for 5 weeks. Posttest was conducted after 5 weeks of the intervention.Results:The results showed a reduction in mean scores on the measures of anxiety and depression within the intervention group but not in the nonintervention group, which indicated the effectiveness of practicing yog nidra for reducing anxiety and depression and its positive effects among professional students.Conclusion:A dramatic effect of practicing yog nidra was observed among students for reducing anxiety and depression.
Yoga and naturopathy -based lifestyle during quarantine for the prevention of COVID-19
Authors: Mooventhan A. , Kahlilsubramanian K. , Manavalan N. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus (CoV) known as severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2. It is transmitted through infected patients' droplet and contact. Individuals with chronic cardiorespiratory diseases are mostly affected. Yoga and naturopathy are commonly employed in the prevention and management of cardiorespiratory diseases. This is the first-ever study conducted to find the impact of yoga and naturopathy-based lifestyle (YNBLS) on frequency of conversion of positive cases during COVID-19 quarantine period.

Material and Methods:
In this pilot cohort study, 43 participants those who had exposure with COVID-19-positive case (self-quarantined individuals) and adopted YNBLS after exposure were observed till the COVID-19 swab test results had come.

Results:
Of 43-participants' swab-test for COVID-19, none of the participant test has turned into positive for COVID-19.

Conclusion:
Results suggest that adopting YNBLS during the quarantine period might be considered as an effective strategy for the prevention of COVID-19.
Effective preprocessing and feature analysis on Twitter data for Fake news detection using RWS algorithm
Authors: Santhoshkumar M , Divya V 
Published: February 2024

The tremendous headway of web empowered gadgets develops the clients dependably strong in virtual redirection affiliations. Individuals from social affairs getting moment notices with respect to news, amusement, training, business, and different themes. The development of artificial intelligence-based classification models plays an optimum role in making deeper analysis of text data. The massive growth of text-based communication impacts the social decisions also. People rely on news and updates coming over in social media and networking groups. Micro blogs such as tweeter, facebooks manipulate the news as faster as possible.The quality of classification of fake news and real news depends on the processing steps. The proposed articles focused on deriving a significant method for pre-processing the dataset and feature extraction of the unique data. Dataset is considered as the input data for analyzing the presence of fake news. The extraction of unique features from the data is implemented using Bags of relevant tags (BORT) extraction and Bags of relevant meta words (BORMW).
Etiology of Acute Febrile Illnesses in Adults in the Defense Community in French Guiana
Authors: Velut Guillaume , de Laval Franck , Berry Morgane , Dufour Gaume Frédérique , André Nathalie , Epelboin Loïc , Lavergne Anne , Enfissi Antoine , Djossou Felix , Rousset Dominique , Briolant Sébastien 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT.
In tropical countries, acute febrile illnesses represent a complex clinical problem for general practitioners. We describe the prevalence of different etiologies of acute febrile illnesses occurring among French service members and their families, excluding children, in general practice in French Guiana. From June 2017 to March 2020, patients with a fever ≥37.8°C with a duration of less than 15 days who sought medical care at the army medical centers in Cayenne and Kourou were prospectively enrolled. Based on clinical presentation, blood, urine, nasopharyngeal, and stool samples were collected for diagnostic testing for viruses, bacteria, and parasites (by direct examination, microscopic examination of blood smears, culture, serology, or polymerase chain reaction), and standardized biological tests were systematically performed. Among 175 patients retained for analysis, fever with nonspecific symptoms was predominant (46.9%), with 10 Plasmodium vivax malaria cases, 8 dengue infections, and 6 cases of Q fever. The second most frequent cause of acute febrile illness was upper respiratory tract infections (32.0%) due to influenza virus (n = 18) or human rhinovirus (n = 10). Among the causes of acute febrile illness in French Guiana, clinicians should first consider arboviruses and malaria, as well as Q fever in cases of elevated C-reactive protein with nonspecific symptoms and influenza in cases of signs and symptoms associated with upper respiratory tract infections. Despite an expanded microbiological search, the etiology of 51.4% of acute febrile illnesses remain unknown. Further investigations will be necessary to identify the etiology of acute febrile illnesses, including new pathogens, in French Guiana.
Perancangan dan Pengujian Cabinet Pengering Jagung Berbasis Lampu Pijar Holagen untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi dan Kebersihan Proses Pengolahan
Authors: Purnomo Bagas Prasetyo , Fzahruddin A’rasy 
Published: February 2024

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara beriklim tropis dimana terdapat pengusaha yang bergerak dibidang pertanian jagung banyak ditemui di pedesaan. Dalam proses pengolahan jagung sangat bergantung pada sinar matahari namun dikarenakan iklim yang tidak menentu ditambah sinar matahari yang kurang efisien dan higienis dalam melakukan proses pengeringan jaung menyebabkan terhambatnya proses pengolahan jagung. Untuk itu dilakukannya perancangan cabinet pengering yang memanfaatkan panas dari listrik yang didesain khusus untuk mempercepat proses pengeringan. Rak pengering jagung ini memanfaatkan lampu pijar baik bohlam maupun lampu holagen. Selain itu jumlah rak pengering juga di identifikasi sehingga mengetahui kemampuan daya tampung cabinet pengering dalam melakukan kerja. Setelah dilakukannya pengujian alat dengan variasi kecepatan blower sebesar yaitu 15.000, 10.000, dan 5.000 Rpm sedangkan daya listrik yang digunakan adalah 120 watt yaitu 50 watt daya lampu bohlam/halogen, 40 watt heater glass dan 30 watt daya blower. Maka diketahui lampu pijar holagen lebih efektif dalam melakukan kerja yang merata diseluruh bagian rak dalam waktu 30 menit yang dapat mempengaruhi laju pengeringan sebesar 20% hingga 30%.
Instalasi Pemasangan Pipa untuk Air Bersih ke Rumah Tangga di Dusun Klampok Desa Sumbergedang Pandaan
Authors: Mustofa Wahyu Ali , Tjahjanti Prantasi Harmi 
Published: February 2024

Instalasi pemasangan pipa air bersih di dusun Klampok bertujuan untuk mengalirkan air bersih dari sumber air hingga ke rumah warga. Air bersih dialirkan dari sumber air menggunakan pipa jenis PVC dengan diameter 2 inch pada kedalaman 63 meter. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji instalasi pipa yang telah dipasang apakah terdapat kebocoran atau tidak. Uji ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan pada sepanjang pipa yang terpasang selama dua jam, apabila selama dua jam tidak terdapat pipa yang bocor pada sambungan nya, maka dinyatakan lolos uji sambungan pipa. Pengujian selanjutnya yaitu Uji ekspansi linier yang bertujuan untuk menguji kehilangan tekanan (mayor headloss) akibat gesekan atau friksi pada aliran fluida di instalasi pipa. Uji ekspansi linier menggunakan persamaan Darcy-Weisbarch kemudian dihubungkan antara bilangan Reynolds yang sudah dihitung dengan nilai kekasaran pipa pada diagram Moody. Pengujian yang kedua yaitu Uji aliran air dalam pipa untuk menguji kehilangan tekanan akibat fitting (minor headloss) pada instalasi pipa. Uji ini menggunakan nilai k pada tiap-tiap fitting yang dapat dilihat pada Tabel Koefisien Kerugian Untuk Komponen Pipa. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dan pengamatan yang dilakukan selama 2 jam, sepanjang pipa yang terpasang dari sumber air ke tandon hingga ke rumah warga menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat kebocoran (lolos uji sambungan pipa). Hasil pengujian ekspansi linier adalah kehilangan tekanan (headloss) akibat gesekan atau friksi pada aliran fluida di instalasi pipa adalah sebesar 83,0551917 m. Hasil pengujian aliran air dalam pipa adalah bahwa kehilangan tekanan akibat fitting (minor headloss) pada instalasi pipa air bersih dari sumber air hingga ke rumah warga adalah sebesar 9,43115 m.
The Mood-Muscle Meta Bridge (Brain Muscle Axis)
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Saurabh Arora  , Nitin Kapoor  
Published: February 2024

Psychological well-being is essential for the maintenance of good metabolic health. Modern management of most chronic metabolic disorders rightly focusses on improving the health-related quality of life of persons living with disease. In this brief communication we describe the bidirectional association between muscle function and mood (psychological health), explore the various pathways that link these aspects of health, and underscore their clinical implications. This paper emphasizes the importance of maintaining good mental health through exercise and vice a versa.
Keywords: Muscle function, muscle strength, sarcopenia, dysthymia, depression, physical activity.
The Gnostic Code
Authors: klinkenberg David 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to the gnostic code.
Materials and Methods: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The Gnostic parables excerpted above are sufficient to establish that a code was functioning in these documents. By using coded language, the parables obscured a functioning message beneath the veneer of a spiritual or otherwise unintelligible narrative. In multiple textual exchanges, the concept substitution method allows literal and relevant messages to be derived from the text. The literal translations utilize terms from the binary cipher in ways that are clearly out of context. The paragraphs do not make literal sense because of these consistent terms. When the encoded definitions are applied instead of the literal definitions, a new and intelligible message is revealed.
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: It will only be a matter of time before the evidence accumulates to prove that the Gnostic code is real. When the simple substitution code described in this manuscript is applied to the documents in the Nag Hammadi library, it becomes impossible not to see that the code functions. The confu-sion over Gnosticism is understandable considering how far conventional wisdom has to travel in order to appreciate the documents. A consistent code was used by enemies of the Roman Empire in order to hide messages within texts in order to hide their plans.