bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of time‐restricted eating on intrahepatic fat and metabolic health among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Deng Yan , Liu Xiaoming , Sun Yuzhe , Zhou Li , Li Qiang , Lei Ziqiao , Yang Fan , Chen Liangkai , Zhang Chen , Tan Wei , Jin Xin , Han Zhuang , Xu Huiyang , Wang Qing , Nie Qi , Yi Haoran , Bao Wei , Rong Shuang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study's objective was to explore whether early time‐restricted eating (eTRE) and late time‐restricted eating (lTRE) have different impacts on intrahepatic fat and metabolic health among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsThis is an 8‐week, randomized, parallel‐arm, open‐label trial. Forty eligible patients were randomly assigned to eTRE (eating between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.) or lTRE (eating between 12:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m.). The primary outcome was the change of intrahepatic fat measured by magnetic resonance image‐derived proton density fat fraction. Secondary outcomes included changes in weight, body composition, liver function, and cardiometabolic factors.ResultsForty participants who underwent randomization completed the trial (mean age: 38.25 years). The eTRE group had a −3.24% absolute reduction of intrahepatic fat (95% CI: −4.55% to −1.92%) and there was a −3.51% absolute reduction for the lTRE group (95% CI: −5.10% to −1.92%). Changes in intrahepatic fat were not statistically different between the two groups. Both the eTRE and lTRE groups had similar and significant reductions in weight, visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, liver enzymes, and glucose regulatory indicators.ConclusionsAmong patients with NAFLD, both eTRE and lTRE induced significant reductions in intrahepatic fat and improvements in body composition, liver function, and metabolic health with similar magnitude. These findings suggest that eTRE and lTRE are comparable and feasible strategies for NAFLD management.
Water as Country on the Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands, South Australia
Authors: Young Diana 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTAnangu, Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara people living in the north‐western areas of South Australia, conceptualize changes in the surface of land as evincing the presence of Ancestral power. Rain is one such catalyst of change, though it is by no means a certainty on the Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands. When it does appear, water does not stay long on the surface: it is shimmering and unstable. This chapter examines the nature of various water sources in contemporary indigenous life, the spatial relationships between earth and sky and the dialectic between life and death that they mediate.
Kes (Passageway): Cross‐Cultural Considerations of Island Field Containment in the Torres Strait
Authors: Wissing Kirsty , Webb Torres 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTSynthetic biology (synbio) scientists have identified islands as potential environments in which to trial the release of approved gene drives in the future for conservation and biosecurity purposes. However, islands, and their interconnected waterscapes, can connect as much as they contain. The Torres Strait Islands stretch between mainland Australia, of which they are a part, and Papua New Guinea. The Straits' water facilitates transport and fosters customary connection and trans/national notions of kin. In this watery world, how might Torres Strait Islanders' understandings complicate and/or contribute to (synbio) scientific concepts of islands as contained, ‘watertight’ field sites? And how is a changing climate and rising sea levels impacting identities in the Torres Strait and relationships in the region? As intra‐ and inter‐national island anthropology, this article considers how synbio approaches to water may engage with the hydro‐history and fluid future of Torres Strait Islander identities and cross‐cultural socio‐environmental responsibilities.
Economic Evaluation of Pediatric Tracheostomy: A Cost of Illness Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jinghan , Liu Palmila , Narayanan Ajay M. , Chorney Stephen R. , Kou Yann‐Fuu , Johnson Romaine F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the direct costs of pediatric tracheostomy care within a health care system.Study DesignProspective analysis.SettingAcademic children's hospital.MethodsCosts associated with caring for pediatric tracheostomy patients under 18 years were analyzed between 2015 and 2021. Direct costs were calculated using the Medicare/Medicaid charges‐to‐costs ratio for various visit types. Costs were estimated using generalized linear equations, accounting for confounders.ResultsA total of 297 children underwent tracheostomy at a median age of 0.94 years. The median follow‐up was 2.5 years, resulting in 13,966 visits (mean = 41). The total cost was $321 million. The initial admission accounted for 72% ($231 million) of costs while other inpatient admissions added 24% ($78 million). Emergency department, observation, and outpatient visits comprised 4% of costs. The length of stay (LOS) was the primary cost driver for inpatient visits. Each additional hospital day increased costs by roughly $1195, and each extra admission added about $130,223 after adjusting for confounders. Respiratory failure and infections were the primary reasons for 67% of subsequent admissions.ConclusionPediatric tracheostomy care generated over $300 million in direct costs over 5 years. Inpatient stays constituted 96% of these costs, with the LOS being a major factor. To reduce direct health expenditures for these patients, the focus should be on minimizing admissions.
Understanding small‐scale private forest owners is a basis for transformative change towards integrative conservation
Authors: Tiebel Malin , Mölder Andreas , Bieling Claudia , Hansen Peter , Plieninger Tobias 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Balancing societal demands on forests is a major challenge in current forest management. Small‐scale private forest owners are an important ownership group that is rarely addressed directly in this discussion. Our study aims to identify and differentiate between private forest owner groups. Based on this, we take a systemic approach and determine leverage points that can be used to foster transformative change towards integrative conservation‐oriented forest management.

We conducted a survey of 1656 small‐scale private forest owners in northwest Germany within a typical European multi‐ownership landscape and formed three clusters based on their activities.

While all groups generally perceived nature conservation as important, they differed with regard to their forest management activities. Multiple‐use‐oriented forest owners (45%) were most active, including in terms of conservation measures. Conservation‐oriented owners (25%) mainly focused on passive measures, and conventional owners (30%) showed only a little engagement with conservation‐related activities. Despite the differences, common instruments promoting conservation activities were identified. They included, for example on‐site consultation, information about legal regulations and financial incentives.

Based on four system characteristics (parameters, feedback, design and intent), we identified leverage points towards transformative change. The deep and thus effective leverage points are changing the discourse, accounting for the heterogeneity of private forest owners as well as for uncertainty related to climate change and adapting measures to local contexts. Furthermore, working towards increasing awareness, knowledge and interest as well as accounting for the desire for autonomy and control are promising pathways for change.

A holistic transformation of forest policy and management towards integrative conservation is urgently needed to meet the current challenges of climate change, biodiversity loss and timber demand. This transformation has to go beyond the adaptation of existing policy instruments and instead focus on systematic and cross‐sectoral changes in the underlying policy orientation, its design and its implementation.

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Dichotomous role of the serine/threonine kinase MAP4K4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma onset and metastasis through control of AKT and ERK pathways
Authors: Juin Amelie , Spence Heather J , Machesky Laura M 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMAP4K4 is a serine/threonine kinase of the STE20 family involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics and cell motility. It has been proposed as a target of angiogenesis and inhibitors show potential in cardioprotection. MAP4K4 also mediates cell invasion in vitro, is overexpressed in various types of cancer, and is associated with poor patient prognosis. Recently, MAP4K4 has been shown to be overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, but its role in tumour initiation, progression, and metastasis is unknown. Here, using the KrasG12D Trp53R172H Pdx1‐Cre (KPC) mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we show that deletion of Map4k4 drives tumour initiation and progression. Moreover, we report that the acceleration of tumour onset is also associated with an overactivation of ERK and AKT, two major downstream effectors of KRAS, in vitro and in vivo. In contrast to the accelerated tumour onset caused by loss of MAP4K4, we observed a reduction in metastatic burden with both the KPC model and in an intraperitoneal transplant assay indicating a major role of MAP4K4 in metastatic seeding. In summary, our study sheds light on the dichotomous role of MAP4K4 in the initiation of PDAC onset, progression, and metastatic dissemination. It also identifies MAP4K4 as a possible druggable target against pancreatic cancer spread, but with the caveat that targeting MAP4K4 might accelerate early tumorigenesis. © 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Synergistic enhancement of interfacial adhesion for CF/PEEK composites through carbene chemistry and water‐based self‐catalyzed cross‐linkable PENK‐NH2 sizing agent
Authors: Guo Jiaming , Pei Weibing , Dai Shengtao , Ma Yan , Liu Yu , Zhao Yanan , Ao Yuhui , Liu Liu , Li Dongfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo address the issue of inadequate interfacial adhesion in carbon fiber/poly ether ether ketone (CF/PEEK) composites, an innovative approach that combines carbene chemistry and sizing treatment was meticulously designed to achieve remarkable synergistic enhancement. Specifically, cyano groups were chemical‐grafted on CF surface via carbene reaction. Meanwhile, a water‐based self‐catalyzed cross‐linkable PENK‐NH2 sizing agent with good storage stability was prepared. Noteworthy, the presence of amino groups as blocking agents of sizing agent significantly accelerated the rate of cyano‐crosslinking, thus effectively avoiding the adverse effects of excessively prolonged cross‐linking period during composites preparation. As a result, robust interaction between cyano‐modified CF and PEEK was established by cross‐linking reaction, along with chemical bonds generated between amino groups of sizing agent and ketone groups in PEEK. The maximum interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of CF‐CN‐1.5/PEEK composites was 22.0% and 57.0% higher than CF‐1.5/PEEK and CF/PEEK composites. Furthermore, the presence of cyano‐cross‐linked structure endowed interphase with outstanding solvent‐resistance, the mechanical properties of CF composites after solvent treatment were well‐preserved. The strong synergistic interfacial interactions facilitated by chemical bonds in different components provide an effective and fascinating methodology for producing high‐performance CF/composites.Highlights
Water‐based self‐catalyzed cross‐linkable PENK‐NH2 sizing agents for CF/PEEK were prepared.
NH2 was introduced to avoid the adverse effects of prolonged cyano‐crosslinking.
Designed carbenoid motif with cyano group was grafted on CF via carbene chemistry.
The interaction between sizing agent and CF was boosted by the cyano‐crosslinking.
Mechanical properties of sized composites corroded by solvent were well‐preserved.
The impact of teacher−student relationship on knowledge sharing among Chinese graduate students: The moderating roles of proactive personality
Authors: Su Weilin , Xiao Fujun , Jiang Shangfeng , Lyu Bei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroducing knowledge sharing into higher education research and exploring the internal influence mechanism of teacher−student relationship on knowledge sharing of graduate students can provide better guidance and reference for the current stage of higher education knowledge management practice. Against this background, this study built and verified a theoretical model to explore in detail the impact of teacher−student relationship on knowledge sharing of graduate students, and the moderating role of proactive personality in such process. This study collected data across two time points, and finally obtained a sample of 365 Chinese graduate students. The empirical results showed that the teacher−student relationship was positively related to knowledge sharing behavior of graduate students, and their knowledge sharing willingness partly mediated this correlation. Furthermore, the influence of teacher−student relationship on knowledge sharing willingness and behavior is positively moderated by proactive personality. Therefore, the findings of this study provide educational guidance and recommendations for promoting knowledge sharing of graduate students.
Efficacy of Op Koers Online, an online group intervention for parents of children with cancer: Results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Joosten M. M. H. , Maurice‐Stam H. , van Gorp M. , Beek L. R. , Stremler‐van Holten D. , Scholten L. , Grootenhuis M. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveParents of children with cancer are at risk for developing psychosocial problems. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of an online group intervention (Op Koers Online, in English: On Track Online) on psychosocial wellbeing and coping skills.MethodsParents of a child with cancer (diagnosis <5 years ago) participated in a randomized controlled trial. In six consecutive (and one booster‐) protocolled sessions in an online chatroom, trained psychologists and social workers taught coping skills using cognitive behavioral and acceptance and commitment techniques. Questionnaires assessed anxiety, depression, distress, situation‐specific emotional reactions and coping skills (Op Koers Questionnaire/Cognitive Coping Strategies Scale Parent Form) and evaluated the intervention. Linear mixed‐model analyses were performed to detect differences between the conditions in changes over time; T0–T1 and T0–T2 (6‐week and 6‐month follow‐up), and to detect changes in scores T2–T3 (12‐month follow‐up) for the intervention group only.Results89 parents were included in analyses (mean age 41.9 years, 86% female, 62%/38% post/during treatment of their child). Beneficial intervention effects (p < 0.05) were found at T1 for anxiety, depression, distress, loneliness and relaxation, and at T2 for anxiety, uncertainty and relaxation. In the intervention condition, scores did not change from T2 to T3, except loneliness that decreased and relaxation that improved. All effect sizes were small to medium (β = −0.21 to 0.46). Parents were generally positive about the intervention.ConclusionsOp Koers Online for parents of children with cancer has a positive effect on psychosocial wellbeing and the coping skill relaxation. Implementation is recommended to prevent psychosocial problems.Clinical Trial RegistrationDutch Trial Register https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/en NL73763.041.20.
The narrative teacher: Narrative nonfiction as a teaching tool in the primary history classroom
Authors: Browning Emma , Hohenstein Jill 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNarrative is fundamental to human thought, yet in many classrooms, expository texts are commonly used to support learning in content‐based subjects, such as history. Given the importance of narrative, it might be harnessed as a powerful tool to support learning. This research compares the impact of narrative nonfiction (NNF) and expository text (ET) on the development and retention of conceptual understanding relating to World War I (WWI). In an experiment involving 78 participants (mean age = 10.2 years, standard deviation = 0.29), pupils were placed into one of two conditions: in one, information about WWI was conveyed primarily through NNF texts, and in the other, through ETs. Participants completed written pre‐, post‐ and delayed post‐assessments to assess development and retention of conceptual understanding. It was found that participants in the NNF condition showed greater chronological and causal thinking skills. In addition, participants in the NNF condition retained significantly more conceptual understanding at delayed post‐assessments than those in the ET condition. Overall, these findings suggest that narrative texts have the potential to be powerful learning tools. Implications for how texts are selected and utilised to support learning in the primary, history classroom are discussed.
Joint synthesis of trajectory and controlled invariant funnel for discrete‐time systems with locally Lipschitz nonlinearities
Authors: Kim Taewan , Elango Purnanand , Açıkmeşe Behçet 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a joint synthesis algorithm of trajectory and controlled invariant funnel (CIF) for locally Lipschitz nonlinear systems subject to bounded disturbances. The CIF synthesis refers to a procedure of computing controlled invariance sets and corresponding feedback gains. In contrast to existing CIF synthesis methods that compute the CIF with a predefined nominal trajectory, our work aims to optimize the nominal trajectory and the CIF jointly to satisfy feasibility conditions without the relaxation of constraints and obtain a more cost‐optimal nominal trajectory. The proposed work has a recursive scheme that mainly optimize trajectory update and funnel update. The trajectory update step optimizes the nominal trajectory while ensuring the feasibility of the CIF. Then, the funnel update step computes the funnel around the nominal trajectory so that the CIF guarantees an invariance property. As a result, with the optimized trajectory and CIF, any resulting trajectory propagated from an initial set by the control law with the computed feedback gain remains within the feasible region around the nominal trajectory under the presence of bounded disturbances. We validate the proposed method via two applications from robotics.
Adaptive terminal sliding mode trajectory tracking control with fixed‐time prescribed performance considering rollover stability of autonomous vehicles
Authors: Lu Linying , Jiao Xiaohong , Zhang Ting 
Published: January 2024

SummaryIn the face of external disturbances, the autonomous vehicle with a high center of gravity is exposed to the risk of roll instability during trajectory tracking. To this end, this paper aims to propose a vector‐extended‐state‐observer (VESO)‐based adaptive fixed‐time terminal sliding mode prescribed performance control strategy, which coordinates the front wheel steering angle and external roll moment to ensure the roll stability of the high center of gravity autonomous vehicle while improving the tracking dynamic and steady state performances. The VESO for estimating the external disturbance is designed to enhance the robustness outside the sliding mode surface, based on which the adaptive updating laws compensate the estimation errors to provide the control system's dynamic performance. A fixed‐time sliding mode control with prescribed performance is proposed, which combines a fixed‐time prescribed performance control method to further improve the transient performance and steady‐state accuracy. The double lane‐changing reference trajectory tracking conditions under different vehicle driving speeds and initial errors settings are verified by simulation in MATLAB/Simulink environment, and the results show that the proposed control strategy can ensure the rolling stability of the vehicle, can track the reference trajectory accurately and quickly, and has strong robustness.
Enhanced Broadband Manipulation of Acoustic Vortex Beams Using 3‐bit Coding Metasurfaces through Topological Optimization
Authors: Zhao Sheng‐Dong , Zhang Na‐Li , Han Ping , Gu Yan , Dong Hao‐Wen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe acoustic coding metasurfaces (ACMs) have the ability to manipulate complex acoustic behavior by reconstructing the coding sequence. In particular, the design of broadband coding enhances the versatility of ACMs. ACMs offer significant advantages over traditional metasurfaces, including a limited number of units and flexible wave control performance. The unit quantity is determined by 2n, with 1‐bit utilizing 2 units, 2‐bit using 4 units, and 3‐bit employing 8 units. Utilizing multiple bits allows for precise control over the phase of sound waves and enables the realization of more intricate acoustic functions. To address the requirements of broadband multi‐bit applications, this paper presents the development of novel 3‐bit broadband reflected acoustic coding metasurfaces (BACMs) with eight coding units. These metasurfaces are systematically designed using the bottom‐up topology optimization method. A constant phase difference of 45° can be achieved across all eight coding units within a broad frequency range. Additionally, the spiral distribution of phase differences enables the construction of an acoustic vortex metasurface. Moreover, by combining the convolution method, the strategies are outlined for constructing vortex‐focusing metasurfaces and vortex beam manipulation metasurfaces. These 3‐bit coding metasurfaces possess significant potential in the fields of acoustic particle suspension and acoustic communication.
Ni Single‐Atom Bual Catalytic Electrodes for Long Life and High Energy Efficiency Zinc‐Iodine Batteries
Authors: Qu Wentao , Zhu Jian , Cao Guozhong , Chen Shulin , Tan Yongwen , Chen Baohui , Zhang Ming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractZinc‐iodine batteries (Zn‐I2) are extremely attractive as the safe and cost‐effective scalable energy storage system in the stationary applications. However, the inefficient redox kinetics and “shuttling effect” of iodine species result in unsatisfactory energy efficiency and short cycle life, hindering their commercialization. In this work, Ni single atoms highly dispersed on carbon fibers is designed and synthesized as iodine anchoring sites and dual catalysts for Zn‐I2 batteries, and successfully inhibit the iodine species shuttling and boost dual reaction kinetics. Theoretical calculations indicate that the reinforced d‐p orbital hybridization and charge interaction between Ni single‐atoms and iodine species effectively enhance the confinement of iodine species. Ni single‐atoms also accelerate the iodine conversion reactions with tailored bonding structure of I─I bonds and reduced energy barrier for the dual conversion of iodine species. Consequently, the high‐rate performance (180 mAh g−1 at 3 A g−1), cycling stability (capacity retention of 74% after 5900 cycles) and high energy efficiency (90% at 3 A g−1) are achieved. The work provides an effective strategy for the development of iodine hosts with high catalytic activity for Zn‐I2 batteries.