bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tanshinone I induces ferroptosis in gastric cancer cells via the KDM4D/p53 pathway
Authors: Xia Minming , Wu Yifeng , Zhu Hui , Duan Wenbiao 
Published: November 2023

Introduction Tanshinone I (Tan I) is one of the bioactive components of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Whether it inhibits gastric cancer through ferroptosis has not been reported. This study aimed to confirm the effect of Tan I on ferroptosis in gastric cancer cells. Methods AGS and HGC27 cells were treated with Tan I. First, oxidative stress-related parameters and the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins were examined. Combined with a ferroptosis inhibitor, Tan I was found to inhibit gastric cancer cells via the ferroptosis pathway. Finally, with bioinformatics analysis, the target protein of Tan I was identified. Results Tan I significantly inhibited the expression level of GPX4. This molecule also increased ROS, MDA, and Fe2+ contents and decreased GSH enzyme activity. Therefore, we hypothesized that Tan I may inhibit gastric cancer cells by inducing ferroptosis. Western blotting results showed that Tan I inhibited the expression levels of the ferroptosis resistance-related proteins GPX4, SLC7A11, and FTH1, while the pro-ferroptosis-related proteins TFR1 and ACSL4 were significantly upregulated. A ferroptosis inhibitor effectively reversed these regulatory effects of Tan I in gastric cancer. With these data combined with the bioinformatics analysis, KDM4D was identified as a key regulatory target of Tan I. Mechanistically, Tan I induced positive regulation of ferroptosis resistance-related indicators by inhibiting KDM4D to upregulate p53 protein expression. Overexpression of KDM4D significantly reversed the effect of Tan I-induced ferroptosis resistance in gastric cancer cells. Conclusions Tan I induced ferroptosis inhibition in gastric cancer by regulating the KDM4D/p53 pathway.
Impact of combined chronic exposure to low-dose bisphenol A and fructose on serum adipocytokines and the energy target metabolome in white adipose tissue
Authors: Liu Xiaocheng , Li Guojuan , Zhong Jing , Rang Ouyan , Ou Guifang , Qin Xinru , Tang Yonghong , Wang Mu 
Published: November 2023

Background: Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ that plays a key role in regulating metabolic homeostasis. Previous studies confirmed that bisphenol A (BPA) or fructose can interfere with the function of adipose tissue. Nonetheless, knowledge on how exposure to BPA and fructose impacts energy metabolism in adipose tissue remains limited. Purpose: To determine impact of combined chronic exposure to low-dose bisphenol A and fructose on serum adipocytokines and the energy target metabolome in white adipose tissue. Method: 57 energy metabolic intermediates in adipose tissue and 7 adipocytokines in serum from Sprague Dawley rats were examined after combined exposure to two levels of BPA (lower dose: 0.25, and higher dose: 25 μg/kg every other day) and 5% fructose for 6 months. Results: combined exposure to lower-dose BPA and fructose significantly increased omentin-1, pyruvic acid, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), inosine monophosphate (IMP), inosine, and l-lactate; however, these parameters were not significantly affected by higher-dose BPA combined with fructose. Interestingly, the level of succinate (an intermediate of the citric acid cycle) increased dose-dependently in adipose tissue, and the level of apelin 13 (a versatile adipocytokine) decreased dose-dependently in serum after combined exposure to BPA and fructose. Phosphoenolpyruvic acid, phenyl-lactate, and ornithine were significantly correlated with asprosin, omentin-1, apelin, apelin 13, and adiponectin, while l-tyrosine was significantly correlated with irisin and a-FABP under combined exposure to BPA and fructose. Conclusions: these findings indicated that lower-dose BPA combined with fructose could amplify the impact on glycolysis, energy storage, and purine nucleotide biosynthesis in adipose tissue, and adipocytokines, such as omentin-1 and apelin 13, may be related to metabolic interference induced by BPA and fructose exposure.
Deaths averted: An unbiased alternative to rate ratios for measuring the performance of cancer screening programs
Authors: Deck Wilber , Hanley James A 
Published: November 2023

Introduction Screening trials and meta-analyses emphasize the ratio of cancer death rates in screening and control arms. However, this measure is diluted by the inclusion of deaths from cancers that only became detectable after the end of active screening. Methods We review traditional analysis of cancer screening trials and show that ratio estimates are inevitably biased to the null, because follow-up (FU) must continue beyond the end of the screening period and thus includes cases only becoming detectable after screening ends. But because such cases are expected to occur in equal numbers in the two arms, calculation of the difference between the number of cancer deaths in the screening and control arms avoids this dilutional bias. This difference can be set against the number of invitations to screening; we illustrate by reanalyzing data from all trials of tomography screening of lung cancer (LC) using this measure. Results In nine trials of LC screening from 2000 to 2013, a total of 94,441 high-risk patients were invited to be in screening or control groups, with high participation rates (average 95%). In the older trials comparing computed tomography to chest X-ray, 88,285 invitations averted 83 deaths (1068 per death averted (DA)). In the six more recent trials with no screening in the control group, 69,976 invitations averted 121 deaths (577 invitations per DA). Discussion Screens per DA is an undiluted measure of screening's effect and it is unperturbed by the arbitrary duration of FU. This estimate can be useful for program planning and informed consent.
Screening of Chenopodium hybridum L. for Anti-ovarian Cancer Compounds Using UPLC-Q-Exactive MS and Partial Least Squares Analysis
Authors: Yang Shuli , Cheng Duanduan , Feng Xueqin , Lin Ruixin 
Published: November 2023

Background Extracts of Chenopodium hybridum L. leaves and stems exerted a significant anti-proliferative effect on human A2780 ovarian cancer cells, but C. hybridum active components have not been reported. Materials and Methods Here, a method is described for screening of C. hybridum extracts for potential bioactive components that inhibit A2780 cell proliferation. First, the spectrum–effect relationship between UPLC-Q-Exactive MS chromatograms and C. hybridum extract antiproliferative effect against A2780 cells was established to evaluate extract bioactive components using partial least squares (PLS) analysis. Results The results indicated that the optimal reflux extraction process for preparing C. hybridum extracts with antiproliferative activity involved a suspension of C. hybridum material in 8 volumes of 70% ethanol followed by heating and refluxing twice for 60 min/reflux step and then repeating the extraction and pooling of both the extracts. Chromatographic results revealed five compounds with potential anti-ovarian cancer activities based on inhibition of A2780 cell proliferation: isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-furanosyl(1→2)-O-[α-L-rhamnpyranosyl(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-L-pyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1″→2″)]-β-D-galactopyranoside, quercetin-3,7-di-rhamnose, and isorhamnetin-3-acacia disaccharide. Network pharmacological screening revealed nine core cellular targets that potentially interacted with these compounds. Conclusion These results were verified through molecular docking studies that supported the involvement of these compounds in observed C. hybridum A2780 cell antiproliferative effects, thus indicating C. hybridum active components may have value in ovarian cancer treatments.
Single anchor versus double anchor for arthroscopic anterior talofibular ligament repair: A systematic review and mate-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Fan DingYuan , Liu XiaoHua , Zhang Lei 
Published: November 2023

Purpose To determine whether a double anchor is more effective than a single anchor in the surgical repair of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) in patients with ankle instability. Methods This study searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library to identify potential studies that compared the clinical outcomes of double anchors and single anchors for ATFL repair from inception to July 31st, 2023. The study aligned with the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines and checklist. The Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool was used to evaluate methodologic quality and risk of bias. The meta-analysis was performed with random effects. Outcomes, including American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Score (AOFAS), Karlsson Ankle Functional Score (KAFS), Tegner activity score, return to sport rate, complications and revision surgery events, were recorded. Results A total of 845 articles were identified after an initial search of the three databases. Four retrospective studies involving 231 individuals were included for further analysis. There was no significant difference between the single-anchor group and the two-anchor group in terms of the AOFAS (risk ratio, −0.44, [−2.22; 1.34]) or KAFS (mean difference, −2.81, [−6.87; 1.25]). However, in terms of the Tegner activity score and the return to sport rate, the single-anchor group had significantly lower scores and longer times than the double-anchor group. No complications or revision surgery events were reported. Conclusions In patients with chronic ankle instability, both single anchors and double anchors can provide good functional outcomes. For patients who participate in physically demanding sports, double anchors may be a superior option. Level of Evidence Level Ⅲ, meta-analysis of Level Ⅲ
The relationship between self-efficacy and locus of control in medical students related to nomophobia tendency
Authors: Wicaksono Yunatan Iko , Maramis Margarita Maria 
Published: November 2023

Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation of self-efficacy and locus of control on nomophobia in medical students. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of Indonesian medical students that employs correlational statistical analysis methods. The research instrument included the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Internality Powerful-Others Chance (IPC) Levenson Multidimensional Locus of Control Scales, and the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q). Results The majority of the 388 subjects had high self-efficacy, used an internal locus of control, and were moderately nomophobia. The mixed locus of control had the greatest effect on the tendency of severe nomophobia ( p < .05, OR=3.02 [CI 1.01–90.8]). Conclusion In general, self-efficacy and external locus of control have a significant influence on the tendency of severe nomophobia with weak relationship strength. For the positive goal, a smartphone balance was required so that the smartphone had no negative impact.
Childcare Subsidy Employment and Copayment Requirements and Child Maltreatment
Authors: Maguire-Jack Kathryn , Park Yanghyun , Feely Megan , Schneider William , Pace Garrett T. , Klika J. Bart , Thibodeau Eric 
Published: November 2023

Economic support programs for low-income families may play an important role in preventing child abuse and neglect. In the United States, childcare subsidies are provided to low-income families who meet certain requirements to offset the high cost of childcare. States have flexibility in setting many policies related to the provision of childcare subsidies, which results in a great deal of variation in how the programs operate between states. One policy dimension on which states vary is the number of employment hours required to receive childcare subsidies. A small body of work has begun to investigate the ways in which these state policy variations might relate to child maltreatment. Using 11 years of administrative data from the United States, the current study sought to estimate the relationship between two sources of variation in childcare subsidy policies: employment requirements and copayment size; and child neglect, physical abuse, and emotional abuse substantiations. The study found a nuanced relationship between required employment and neglect substantiations. Specifically, requiring some level of work was not associated with neglect substantiations, but requiring 30 hours of employment was associated with higher rates. The study did not find a relationship between copayment size and maltreatment substantiations.
Successful use of split-dose intravenous daratumumab in a multiple myeloma patient after a first-dose life-threatening infusion-related reaction
Authors: Aykaş Fatma , Karakuş Volkan , Sevindik Ömür Gökmen 
Published: November 2023

Introduction Daratumumab is a humanized IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against CD38 used to treat myeloma. The recommended dose of daratumumab is 16 mg/kg, with no lower or upper threshold. Here, we present the first split-dose daratumumab infusion experience in a myeloma patient with morbid obesity in whom daratumumab was interrupted because of grade 3 infusion-related reaction. Case report A female myeloma patient with morbid obesity received a combination of chemotherapy with daratumumab because of disease relapse. The calculated dose for the first intravenous daratumumab infusion was 1840 mg/day based on the weight of the patient, which was measured as 115 kilograms. Daratumumab infusion was initiated as appropriate but needed to be stopped because of a severe sudden presentation of shortness of breath and hypoxemia. Management and outcome After daratumumab was stopped, premedication was repeated, and oxygen, intravenous and inhaler steroids, inhaler β2 agonists and intravenous diphenhydramine were given in repeated doses. She was monitored and followed up in the emergency critical care unit. Daratumumab treatment with a split-dose schedule was planned after she fully recovered from all signs and symptoms. The total dose was divided into two doses and was given without any complications on two consecutive days. After that, she was also able to tolerate once a week 1840 mg of daratumumab in a single day. Discussion There is a paucity of data regarding the best practice for instituting intravenous daratumumab in patients with morbid obesity regarding the infusion rate and duration, optimal dosing, and ideal way to cope with infusion-related reactions. Our case suggests a potential role for a split-dose schedule for patients with obesity and potential dose reductions and infusion-related reactions.
Pave and Pop: A novel addition to the endovascular treatment of hemodialysis access aneurysms
Authors: Aronhime Shimon , Balan Shmuel , Avital Yaniv , Cherniavsky Alexei 
Published: November 2023

Background: Hemodialysis access sites can be complicated by both true and false aneurysms with significant potential morbidity. Aneurysms have traditionally been treated by a variety of surgical methods. Less commonly, endovascular treatment with stent graft placement has been used as an alternative to open surgery. Methods: Four patients with symptomatic aneurysmal disease in the hemodialysis access site were treated. All patients had stent grafts (SGs) placed across the diseased segment. Once the diseased segment was excluded, blood was drained from the aneurysm with an 18 g needle. All patients were seen in clinic at 1- and 3-months post procedure. Results: All patients were able to receive adequate hemodialysis post procedure. Two patients were cannulated via the SG after 1 month. No aneurysm refilling was seen. No SG infections or fractures were seen. Conclusion: A novel addition to the endovascular treatment of aneurysmal disease in hemodialysis patients is described, that both excludes the aneurysm and drains it, providing improvement in the aesthetic appearance of the access site.
Evaluation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase Pathway for Assessing the Antidepressant-like Effect of Glucosamine as a Radioprotector in Rats: Behavioral and Biochemical Studies
Authors: Mekkawy Mai H. , Karam Heba M. , Mohamed Marwa A. , Lotfy Dina M. 
Published: November 2023

Radiotherapy is a very important tool in the treatment of cancer; nevertheless, its side effects are a hindrance to its use. The present study is designed to evaluate glucosamine effects against radiation-induced brain oxidative stress and depression-like effect in rats. Four groups of female Wister rats were used as control, irradiated (4 × 2 Gy), glucosamine (1 g/kg P.O), and glucosamine + irradiated group. The behavioral responses are estimated. The brain hippocampi of the rats are separated to evaluate oxidative stress biochemical parameters and glycogen synthase kinase pathway in addition to the biogenic amines. Irradiation exposure led to disturbances in the behavioral assessments (forced swimming test, light–dark box, and open field test) and a significant decrease in brain GSH, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine), phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), and phosphorylated protein kinase-B (p-AKT) levels. Additionally, MDA and ROS levels increased significantly post-irradiation along with the phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase (p-GSK3). Glucosamine administration before irradiation caused improvement in the behavioral valuations and the biochemical parameters in the brain as well. Glucosamine might be used as a radioprotector to improve brain function and as an antidepressant drug. It could be promising as a future therapy in managing depression occurring during radiotherapy.
Predictors of devastating functional outcome despite successful basilar thrombectomy
Authors: Karamchandani Rahul R. , Satyanarayana Sagar , Yang Hongmei , Rhoten Jeremy B. , Strong Dale , Clemente Jonathan D. , Defilipp Gary , Patel Nikhil M. , Bernard Joe D. , Stetler William R. , Parish Jonathan M. , Hines Andrew U. , Patel Harsh N. , Helms Anna Maria , Macko Lauren , Williams Laura , Retelski Julia , Guzik Amy K. , Wolfe Stacey Q. , Asimos Andrew W. 
Published: November 2023

Background Basilar thrombosis frequently leads to poor functional outcomes, even with good endovascular reperfusion. We studied factors associated with severe disability or death in basilar thrombectomy patients achieving revascularization. Methods We retrospectively analyzed records from a health system's code stroke registry, including successful basilar thrombectomy patients from January 2017 to May 2023 who were evaluated with pretreatment computed tomography perfusion. The primary outcome was devastating functional outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 5–6). A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to determine independent predictors of the primary outcome. The area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUC) was calculated for the model distinguishing good from devastating outcome. Results Among 64 included subjects, with mean (standard deviation) age 65.6 (14.1) years and median (interquartile range) National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 18 (5.75–24.5), the primary outcome occurred in 28 of 64 (43.8%) subjects. Presenting NIHSS (odds ratio [OR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.14, p = 0.02), initial glucose (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97–1.00, p < 0.05), and proximal occlusion site (OR 7.38, 95% CI 1.84–29.60, p < 0.01) were independently associated with 90-day mRS 5–6. The AUC for the multivariable model distinguishing outcomes was 0.81 (95% CI 0.70–0.92). Conclusion We have identified presenting stroke severity, lower glucose, and proximal basilar occlusion as predictors of devastating neurological outcome in successful basilar thrombectomy patients. These factors may be used in medical decision making or for patient selection in future clinical trials.
Non-selective Del Nido and St Thomas cardioplegia in adults: analysis of early clinical experience using propensity matching
Authors: Sazzad Faizus , Ong Zhi Xian , Ong Geok Seen , Luo Hai Dong , Guim Goh Si , Kofidis Theo , Vitaly Sorokin 
Published: November 2023

Background: Del Nido cardioplegia (DNC) is a single-dose, high potassium, low-volume cardioplegia solution that has grown in favor recently. However, the use of DNC in the Asian population may be associated with certain challenges. Methods: Between January 2017 and April 2022, DNC was used for myocardial protection in this single-center retrospective study. In total, 5731 patients underwent open heart surgeries, where 310 patients received DNC for single or multiple procedures. A total of 307 pair of propensity-matched patients from DNC and cold blood St. Thomas cardioplegia (STC) were compared. Results: In total, 5085 patients with STC and 310 patients with DNC from the cohort were matched, reflecting the initial group sizes before propensity matching. About 307 patient pairs were included in the final analysis after propensity matching with the interest variables. In the STC group, the requirement for an immediate postoperative intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) was significantly higher [18 (5.9%) in DNC versus 28 (9.1%) in STC, p = 0.021]. A 30-day mortality was comparable between the DNC and STC groups (2.9% versus 3.3%, p = 1.00). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (2.6% versus 3.6%, p = 0.648) showed no difference between the groups. In both single and multiple procedure subgroups, there were no statistically significant differences in 30-day mortality and MACE incidences when comparing STC and DNC. Conclusion: The use of DNC in adults is acceptable and adaptable. Comparable clinical outcomes between STC patients and DNC were revealed by our investigation. There were no appreciable differences in 30-day mortality or MACE despite the STC group having a much higher need for immediate postoperative IABP.
Impact of a video-based nutrition education program on the nutrition knowledge of students and parents: evidence from the North Region of Cameroon
Authors: Collishaw Anissa , Snider Anna , McNamara Paul , Nuvaga Sampson , Bilame Anny-Flore 
Published: November 2023

Background: Schools are an attractive platform for improving the dietary knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of children and their families, yet limited nutrition knowledge amongst educators can impede nutrition education efforts. Information and communication technology (ICT) can potentially overcome this barrier, yet there is limited evidence for its effectiveness in school settings in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We implemented a randomized field experiment in 50 schools in the North Region of Cameroon to assess the effectiveness of a school-based nutrition education program at improving the nutrition knowledge of fifth and sixth grade students and their parents. We evaluate the relative effectiveness of video-based versus typical classroom instruction. Nutrition knowledge is assessed using a pre-post questionnaire and analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results: We find that students exposed to the video treatment improved their nutrition knowledge scores by 0.45 standard deviation more (equivalent to an additional 1.3 out of 14 correct answers) than students that received traditional classroom instruction. There is no differential impact of video on the nutrition knowledge scores of parents. Conclusion: Videos can improve knowledge gains compared with typical classroom instruction, but questions remain as to the conditions under which videos and other ICT are most effective as instructional tools.