bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic characteristics of F64L, I68L, I107V, and S77Y ATTRv genotypes from the Transthyretin Amyloidosis Outcomes Survey (THAOS)
Authors: Gentile Luca , Diemberger Igor , Plante-Bordeneuve Violaine , Mazzeo Anna , Dori Amir , Luigetti Marco , Di Paolantonio Andrea , Dispenzieri Angela , Grogan Martha , Waddington Cruz Márcia , Adams David , Inamo Jocelyn , Kristen Arnt V. , Lino Cirami Calogero , Chapman Doug , Gupta Pritam , Glass Oliver , Amass Leslie 
Published: January 2024

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR amyloidosis) is a progressive, multi-systemic disease with wild-type (ATTRwt) and hereditary (ATTRv) forms. Over 130 variants associated with ATTRv amyloidosis have been identified, although little is known about the majority of these genotypes. This analysis examined phenotypic characteristics of symptomatic patients with ATTRv amyloidosis enrolled in the Transthyretin Amyloidosis Outcomes Survey (THAOS) with four less frequently reported pathogenic genotypes: F64L (c.250T>C, p.F84L), I68L (c.262A>T, p.I88L), I107V (c.379A>G; p.I127V), and S77Y (c.290C>A; p.S97Y). THAOS is the largest ongoing, global, longitudinal observational study of patients with ATTR amyloidosis, including both ATTRwt and ATTRv amyloidosis. This analysis describes the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of untreated symptomatic patients with the F64L, I68L, I107V, or S77Y genotypes at enrollment in THAOS (data cutoff date: January 4, 2022). There were 141 symptomatic patients with F64L (n = 46), I68L (n = 45), I107V (n = 21), or S77Y (n = 29) variants at the data cutoff. Most patients were male and median age at enrollment was in the sixth decade for S77Y patients and the seventh decade for the others. A predominantly neurologic phenotype was associated with F64L, I107V, and S77Y genotypes, whereas patients with the I68L genotype presented with more pronounced cardiac involvement. However, a mixed phenotype was also reported in a considerable proportion of patients in each variant subgroup. This analysis from THAOS represents the largest study of ATTRv symptomatic patients with the F64L, I68L, I107V, and S77Y genotypes. These data add to the limited knowledge on the clinical profile of patients with specific ATTRv variants and emphasize the importance of comprehensive assessment of all patients.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00628745.
Tombstone cost and longevity: The San Pedro Cemetery Museum in Medellín in Colombia
Authors: O’Donovan Gary , Martínez Astrid , Flórez Santiago , Cadavid Castrillón Ana Isabel , Zapata Uriel 
Published: January 2024

Background
Studies in the West suggest that tombstone cost is associated with longevity. The objective of this observational study was to investigate the association between tombstone cost and longevity in a large cemetery in Latin America.

Methods
Age at death was obtained from 2,273 consecutive death certificates held at the San Pedro Cemetery Museum in Medellín in Colombia. Subjects died in 2022, 2021, or 2020. Tombs are arranged in galleries in the cemetery and tombstone cost was based on the material from which the tombstone was made, its position in the gallery, and its ornamentation. Analysis of variance was used and the assumption of equal variance was not violated.

Results
Approximately 77% of tombstones were of low cost, 21% of medium cost, and 2% of high cost. Data from 1,751 subjects were used to investigate differences in longevity according to tombstone cost while adjusting for sex, civil status, violent death, and year of death. Longevity was similar in the low-cost group and medium-cost group: 64.3 years (63.2, 65.3) versus 63.3 years (61.3, 65.3) [estimated mean (95% confidence interval)]. Longevity was lower in the high-cost group: 47.0 years (40.1, 53.9).

Conclusions
The inverse association between tombstone cost and longevity would suggest that people in Medellín are inclined to spend more on tombstones when commemorating the tragic death of a young person.
Understanding intersectional inequality in access to primary care providers using multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy
Authors: He Jennifer W. , Terry Amanda L. , Lizotte Dan , Bauer Greta , Ryan Bridget L. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Despite the Canadian healthcare system’s commitment to equity, evidence for disparate access to primary care (PC) providers exists across individual social identities/positions. Intersectionality allows us to reflect the realities of how social power shapes healthcare experiences at an individual’s interdependent and intersecting social identities/positions. The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the extent to which intersections can be used classify those who had/did not have a PC provider; (2) the degree to which each social identity/position contributes to the ability to classify individuals as having a PC provider; and (3) predicted probabilities of having a PC provider for each intersection.

Methods and findings
Using national cross-sectional data from 241,445 individuals in Canada aged ≥18, we constructed 320 intersections along the dimensions of gender, age, immigration status, race, and income to examine the outcome of whether one had a PC provider. Multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy, a multi-level model using individual-level data, was employed to address intersectional objectives. An intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 23% (95%CI: 21–26%) suggests that these intersections could, to a very good extent, explain individual variation in the outcome, with age playing the largest role. Not all between-intersection variance in this outcome could be explained by additive effects of dimensions (remaining ICC: 6%; 95%CI: 2–16%). The highest intersectional predicted probability existed for established immigrant, older South Asian women with high income. The lowest intersectional predicted probability existed for recently immigrated, young, Black men with low income.

Conclusions
Despite a “universal” healthcare system, our analysis demonstrated a substantial amount of inequity in primary care across intersections of gender, age, immigration status, race, and income.
Indoor air pollution prevention practices and associated factors among household mothers in Olenchiti town, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Girsha Worku Dugassa , Abebe Alem Deksisa , Habtewold Ephrem Mannekulih , Komicha Meyrema Abdo 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Most households in low- and middle-income countries still cook using solid fuels in poorly ventilated dwellings. Indoor air pollution causes various health problems, like pneumonia, lung cancer, stillbirth, low birth weight, impaired cognitive development, and cataracts. Nevertheless, a few evidences are available in Africa, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of indoor air pollution prevention practices and associated factors among household mothers in Olenchiti town, Oromia, Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Four hundred twenty mothers were randomly selected by systematic random sampling. Data was collected through an interview and observation checklist. The collected data entered into Epi-Info version 7.2.5 was cleaned, edited, and then exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the findings. Binary logistic regression was computed to analyze the effect of each variable on the outcome variable. Model adequacy fitness was checked with the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The multicollinearity of independent variables was checked with the variance inflation factor. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P -value <0.05 was used as cutoff points to declare significance in the final model.

Results
The overall good practices of mothers towards the prevention of indoor air pollution was 188 (45.0%). Mothers who had under-five children (AOR = 0.49, 95%CI (0.31–0.76), mothers in grade 9–12 (AOR = 0.51, 95%CI (0.28–0.92)) were significantly associated with indoor air pollution prevention practices.

Conclusion
The overall good practices of mothers towards indoor air pollution were low compared to different findings. Under-five children and educational status were significantly associated with indoor air pollution prevention practices in the final model. Therefore, the high school curriculums should include indoor air pollution topics.
Child malaria vaccine uptake in Ghana: Factors influencing parents’ willingness to allow vaccination of their children under five (5) years
Authors: Saaka Sulemana Ansumah , Mohammed Kamaldeen , K. A. Pienaah Cornelius , Luginaah Isaac 
Published: January 2024

Background
Malaria is a substantial health burden in Ghana, particularly among children. Despite the availability of malaria vaccines, uptake remains low. Notwithstanding, there is a paucity of nationally representative studies on the factors driving hesitance towards the new malaria vaccine. In response, this study, guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviors (TPB), seeks to understand the determinants of child malaria vaccine uptake in Ghana to inform strategies for improving coverage.

Materials and methods
We employed multiple regression model to examine the association between maternal awareness, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, geographical location, and vaccine uptake using data from the 2019 Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS).

Results
Maternal awareness of vaccine (OR = 2.200; P<0.01) significantly predicted higher likelihood of vaccine uptake. Household wealth was associated with child vaccination as parents in middle-income households (OR = 9.342; P<0.01), and those in poorest households (OR = 9.409; P<0.05) recorded higher likelihood of allowing their children to be vaccinated. With regards to ethnicity, parents from the Mande ethnic group (OR = 0.106; P<0.05) were less likely to allow their children to be vaccinated when compared to parents from the Akan ethnic group. Knowing that malaria is covered by National Health Insurance (OR = 2.407; P<0.05) was associated with higher likelihood of allowing child vaccination compared to not knowing. More so, geographical variations were observed as parents who lived in rural areas (OR = 0.254; P<0.05) were significantly less likely to allow vaccination of their children compared to those in urban areas.

Conclusions
Enhancing awareness through education campaigns can improve child malaria vaccine coverage. Observing socioeconomic disparities in uptake and ensuring equitable access to vaccines are vital. Tailored strategies considering ethnic background and geographical location, can as well enhance acceptance of the vaccine. This study provides valuable insights for developing effective strategies to reduce the burden of malaria in children and improve coverage of uptake. This study underscores the need to improve parental awareness and the relevance of the vaccine in preventing child mortality.
Evolvable Hardware Based Optimal Position Control of Quadcopter
Authors: N Harish Bhat , Chokkadi Shreesha , Shenoy B. Satish 
Published: January 2024

Trading off performance metrics in control design for position tracking is unavoidable. This has severe consequences in mission-critical systems such as quadcopter applications. The controller area and propulsion energy are conflicting design parameters, whereas the reliability and tracking speed are related metrics to be optimized. In this research, a switching-based position controller was co-simulated with the quadcopter model. Performance analysis of the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based controller validates a better scheme for tracking speed, propulsion energy, and reliability optimization under similar error performance. To improve the computation power and controller area, the dynamic partial reconfiguration(DPR) approach has been adapted and implemented on FPGA using the Vivado Integrated Development Environment (IDE), where a ranking-based approach brings into action either proportional derivative, sliding mode, or model predictive controllers for each dimension of position tracking. It is verified by analyzing the cumulative tracking speed, reliability, controller area, and propulsion energy metrics that the proposed controller can optimize all these metrics within three successive iterations of tracking either in the same direction or in any combination of directions. Concerning the implementation results of the controller with the switching-based controller, there is 6 % computation power and 30 % resource savings due to DPR .
Computational Studies of the Aerophysical Characteristics on the Head Part of the Supersonic Body of Rotation During Flight Along Trajectories
Authors: Shyiko Oleksandr M. , Koplyk Igor , Оbukhov Olexii 
Published: January 2024

The use of modern computer systems for calculating the aerophysical characteristics of supersonic bodies of revolution together with the calculation of the flight trajectory under conditions of continuously changing Mach and Reynolds numbers of the oncoming flow, the presence of transient regimes and non-isothermality in near-wall flows is often not possible due to the complexity of the organisation of the computational process. By using a number of integral methods for calculating inviscid flows and viscous compressible near-wall flows, taking into account the non isothermality and intermittency of the boundary layer, a method has been developed for calculating the friction and heating of supersonic bodies of revolution on the flight trajectory. On the basis of well-known flight experiments, the correlation dependences of the Reynolds numbers of the beginning of the transition on sharp cones were obtained and the method of corrections for spherical blunting of the head part was implemented. By calculating the intermittency function, the changeability of flow regimes in the boundary layer is established for a number of trajectories of the supersonic uncontrolled rocket projectile. Calculated dependences for aerodynamic friction, heat fluxes and projectile wall temperature on the flight time are obtained. The concept of combined calculation of aerophysical characteristics on the flight trajectory using numerical and integral methods is proposed.
A Planar Dual Notched Band Vivaldi Antenna for Wireless Communication Applications
Authors: Chaabane Abdelhalim , Guerroui Mohammed 
Published: January 2024

With the aim of realizing a Vivaldi Antenna (VA) with stop bands for wireless communication applications, this paper introduces a novel, uncomplicated, easily fabricated, and compact planar VA featuring two distinctive rejected frequency bands. The designed VA is engraved onto an FR4-epoxy substrate, measuring 0.4243λ0×0.4296λ0 ×0.01315λ0 at 2.63 GHz. The integration of dual notched band functionality is ingeniously achieved through the implementation of a simple additional strip and a U-formed slit. A physical prototype of the VA was successfully constructed and meticulously measured with the R&S®ZNB Vector Network Analyser. The measured impedance bandwidth demonstrates that the realised VA operates from 2.63 GHz to beyond 12 GHz while effectively excluding two bands: 3.46-4.16 GHz (18.37 %) and 5.32-6.5 GHz (19.97 %). Simulated results indicate that the designed VA can provide stable unidirectional radiation patterns, reasonable realized gain, and acceptable radiation efficiency across its operating ranges, with notable drops observed at the two notched bands. As a result, these findings highlight the practical value of the designed VA for wireless communication applications, particularly in scenarios where the integration of filtering structures in antennas becomes essential to prevent interference with co-existing systems. The presented VA opens new avenues for enhancing wireless communication performance, catering to the increasing demand for reliable and interference-resistant solutions.
Polycystic ovary syndrome and its management: In view of oxidative stress
Authors: Bhattacharya Koushik , Dey Rajen , Sen Debanjana , Paul Nimisha , Basak Asim Kumar , Purkait Mohuya Patra , Shukla Nandini , Chaudhuri Gargi Ray , Bhattacharya Aniruddha , Maiti Rajkumar , Adhikary Krishnendu , Chatterjee Prity , Karak Prithviraj , Syamal Alak Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the past two decades, oxidative stress (OS) has drawn a lot of interest due to the revelation that individuals with many persistent disorders including diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), cardiovascular, and other disorders often have aberrant oxidation statuses. OS has a close interplay with PCOS features such as insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and chronic inflammation; there is a belief that OS might contribute to the development of PCOS. PCOS is currently recognized as not only one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders but also a significant contributor to female infertility, affecting a considerable proportion of women globally. Therefore, the understanding of the relationship between OS and PCOS is crucial to the development of therapeutic and preventive strategies for PCOS. Moreover, the mechanistic study of intracellular reactive oxygen species/ reactive nitrogen species formation and its possible interaction with women’s reproductive health is required, which includes complex enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. Apart from that, our current review includes possible regulation of the pathogenesis of OS. A change in lifestyle, including physical activity, various supplements that boost antioxidant levels, particularly vitamins, and the usage of medicinal herbs, is thought to be the best way to combat this occurrence of OS and improve the pathophysiologic conditions associated with PCOS.
Ensemble of explainable artificial intelligence predictions through discriminate regions: A model to identify COVID-19 from chest X-ray images
Authors: Koyyada Shiva Prasad , Singh Thipendra P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In 2019, lung disease severely affected human health and was later renamed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019). Since then, several research methods have been proposed, such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and disease identification through chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, to help the healthcare sector. RT-PCR was time-consuming when more patients were present, and a CT scan was costly. Several deep-learning (DL) methods were used to identify diseases using computer-aided tools. Among those convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the state of the art was adopted in the machinery to predict cancer. However, there is a lack of explainability (XAI) in how CNN predicts the disease. In this article, we construct XAI ensembles with Local Interpretation Model Agnostic Explanation(LIME), Grad CAM, and a Saliency map. It provides a visual explanation for a DL prognostic model that predicts COVID-19 respiratory infection in patients. Our quantitative experimental results have shown that ensemble XAI with an accuracy of 98.85%, although individual LIME has scored an accuracy of 99.62% on test data, is more reliable since it is the combination of models.
Successful treatment with bortezomib in combination with dexamethasone in a middle-aged male with idiopathic multicentric Castleman’s disease: A case report
Authors: Li Hongling , He Yang , Wang Yongying , Xu Mengwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a heterogeneous, life-threatening disease. A subgroup of HIV-negative and HHV-8-negative MCD is defined as idiopathic MCD (iMCD) with a poor prognosis. Here we report an unusual case of a 47-year-old male patient with iMCD who experienced multiple treatment regimens such as chemotherapy, immunomodulatory therapy, and targeted therapy, all of which were considered ineffective. Subsequently, he was started on bortezomib in combination with dexamethasone for six cycles and he was in complete remission. The patient has survived nearly 13 years to date – the longest survival of any iMCD patient treated with bortezomib in combination with dexamethasone. Bortezomib combined with dexamethasone may be an effective salvage strategy for severe and refractory iMCD.
Controlling thermal emission with metasurfaces and its applications
Authors: Chu Qiongqiong , Zhong Fan , Shang Xiaohe , Zhang Ye , Zhu Shining , Liu Hui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Thermal emission caused by the thermal motion of the charged particles is commonly broadband, un-polarized, and incoherent, like a melting pot of electromagnetic waves, which makes it unsuitable for infrared applications in many cases requiring specific thermal emission properties. Metasurfaces, characterized by two-dimensional subwavelength artificial nanostructures, have been extensively investigated for their flexibility in tuning optical properties, which provide an ideal platform for shaping thermal emission. Recently, remarkable progress was achieved not only in tuning thermal emission in multiple degrees of freedom, such as wavelength, polarization, radiation angle, coherence, and so on but also in applications of compact and integrated optical devices. Here, we review the recent advances in the regulation of thermal emission through metasurfaces and corresponding infrared applications, such as infrared sensing, radiative cooling, and thermophotovoltaic devices.
Combined Accentuated Eccentric Loading and Rest Redistribution in High-Volume Back Squat: Acute Stimulus and Fatigue
Authors: Chae Sungwon , Long S. Alexander , Lis Ryan P. , McDowell Kurt W. , Wagle John P. , Carroll Kevin M. , Mizuguchi Satoshi , Stone Michael H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Chae, S, Long, SA, Lis, RP, McDowell, KW, Wagle, JP, Carroll, KM, Mizuguchi, S, and Stone, MH. Combined accentuated eccentric loading and rest redistribution in high-volume back squat: Acute stimulus and fatigue. J Strength Cond Res 38(4): 648–655, 2024—The purpose of this study was to examine acute stimulus and fatigue responses to combined accentuated eccentric loading and rest redistribution (AEL + RR). Resistance-trained men (n = 12, 25.6 ± 4.4 years, 1.77 ± 0.06 m, and 81.7 ± 11.4 kg) completed a back squat (BS) 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and weight releaser familiarization session. Three BS exercise conditions (sets × repetitions × eccentric-concentric loading) consisted of (a) 3 × (5 × 2) × 110/60% (AEL + RR 5), (b) 3 × (2 × 5) × 110/60% (AEL + RR 2), and (c) 3 × 10 × 60/60% 1RM (traditional sets [TS]). Weight releasers (50% 1RM) were attached to every first repetition of each cluster set (every first, third, fifth, seventh, and ninth repetition in AEL + RR 5 and every first and sixth repetition in AEL + RR 2). The AEL + RR 5 resulted in greater total volume load (sets × repetitions × eccentric + concentric loading) (6,630 ± 1,210 kg) when compared with AEL + RR 2 (5,944 ± 1,085 kg) and TS (5,487 ± 1,002 kg). In addition, AEL + RR 5 led to significantly (p < 0.05) greater rating of perceived exertion (RPE) after set 2 and set 3 and lower blood lactate (BL) after set 3 and 5, 15, and 25 minutes postexercise than AEL + RR 2 and TS. There was a main effect of condition for BL between AEL + RR 5 (5.11 ± 2.90 mmol·L−1), AEL + RR 2 (6.23 ± 3.22 mmol·L−1), and TS (6.15 ± 3.17 mmol·L−1). In summary, AEL + RR 5 results in unique stimulus and fatigue responses. Although it may increase perceived exertion, coaches could use AEL + RR 5 to achieve greater back squat total volume load while reducing BL accumulation.