bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multiphysics Model for Assessing Casing Integrity in Sour Service Applications
Authors: Negi A. , Barsoum I. , AlFantazi A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Structural integrity assessments are vital for ensuring the safety and efficiency of oil and gas wells, especially in sour service applications. The casings used in drilling operations are critical as mechanical barriers against leaks among different well-construction components. However, their susceptibility to environment-assisted crack growth, like sulfide stress cracking (SSC), presents challenges for casing mechanical integrity management. Conventional analytical methods are quick but can be overly conservative in material selection. Recently, multiphysics modelling of fracture has emerged as an accurate simulation approach, leveraging tools such as hydrogen diffusion models, fracture mechanics, and finite element analysis. In this work, a coupled deformation-diffusion phase-field finite element framework is used to model SSC nucleation and growth in a sour environment. The multiphysics model employs coupling between structural deformation, hydrogen diffusion due to H2S exposure, and fracture processes to simulate SSC. The numerical results show good agreement with the experimental data for different levels of H2S exposure. A numerical study is also conducted to study SSC nucleation and growth in pre-notched mini-pipe subjected to internal pressure and H2S exposure. The findings of this investigation provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of a coupled phase-field approach to study the combined role of stresses and through-wall hydrogen gradients on pipe failure.
Robotic Screening of Demulsifier Chemistries with an Enhanced-Chemical-Profile
Authors: Oskarsson H. , Smout M. , Hellberg P. E. , Mostafa A. , Moghaddam R. Nazari 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
New developed demulsifiers having an Enhanced-Chemical-Profile e.g., cleavable ester or amide bondings which are better biodegradable in seawater, demonstrate to be viable alternatives for conventional oxyalkylate demulsifiers. The Enhanced-Chemical-Profile demulsifiers, have different chemistries and act as stand-alone solution. They demonstrate strong synergy with other Enhanced-Chemical-Profile chemistries as well as conventional oxyalkylate chemistries. Their performance has been benchmarked against a set of oxyalkylate demulsifiers utilizing a robotic screenings test
The Robot screening method has proven to be an adequate tool for the screening of demulsification propagation for demulsifiers with different chemistries. The automated protocol replaces a manual operator for the homogenization and time-resolved data collection. From the obtained Turbiscan data, the waterdrop and bs-dryness are extracted which are good descriptors to classify demulsifier performance. The robot screening waterdrop data has a high correlation with manual executed bottle tests. The method could potentially be applied for physio-chemical demuslifier studies.
Grid Parity Energy From Ammonia Fuel Cell
Authors: Laddha Chetan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ammonia is a dense energy carrier with high energy density and established supply chain for transport, and storage of hydrogen. Ammonia is a common commodity used in the fertiliser and chemical sector and has a potential to become an affordable and sustainable energy carrier to meet growing demand for industrial decarbonisation. The transport of hydrogen over long distances require an efficient and cost competitive carrier. Potential options for hydrogen carrier are ammonia, liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC), liquid hydrogen, compressed hydrogen, and methanol. This paper describes an innovative ceramics-based solid oxide fuel cell technology for conversion of ammonia into fossil fuel parity energy at a thermal efficiency of 85%. The technology is based on proton conducting ceramics (PCC) electrochemical pathway which eliminates NOx emissions by design and ammonia slippage by catalyst performance and reactor design. The technology has been developed over 7 years, between 2016 to 2022, and the ammonia utilisation capabilities has been proven through demonstrations conducted for O&G and industrial companies. The technology uses low-cost and widely available ceramics-based catalyst. The technology is particularly suited for industrial decarbonisation because of the ability to yield high efficiency and the ability to produce low-cost heat at 700C and hydrogen as byproducts.
Cost-Efficiency and Recyclability of Metal Foam/Micromesh for Arsenic and Mercury Removal in Oil & Gas Applications
Authors: Dararatana Naruphorn , Punpruk Suchada , Kumseranee Sith , Thammachart Matina , Yotapan Nattawut , Srisawat Kornrawee , Limthongkul Pimpa , Sombatmankhong Korakot 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The presence of arsenic and mercury in condensates causes several problems, including condensate quality, environmental pollution, health, and equipment integrity. According to a conventional cellulose-based filtration technique, it has limited lifetime and nonreusable. A metal filter is an alternative and promising approach according to their reusable potential and physic- and chemi-sorption processes. Thus, this work aimed to study the feasibility of using metal filter to remove arsenic and mercury contaminants in condensate.
The removal efficiency of arsenic and mercury was investigated using two different material types and two morphological structures: copper and stainless-steel micromesh and foam with pore size 37-50 μm. Accordingly, the lab flow test built-in house was employed with a controlled retention time at 6 second. The removal efficiency was determined by monitoring the remaining arsenic and mercury content in the treated condensates compared to the initial concentrations in the fresh condensates by an atomic absorption spectrometer. Moreover, the regeneration processes of the used metal filter via heat and chemical treatment were also included in this study.
The flow test result revealed that the stainless-steel foam exhibited highest arsenic and mercury removal efficiency with 69% and 80%, respectively. The best performance of arsenic and mercury removal in mesh structure showed on copper mesh with removal efficiency 50% and 28%, respectively. This implies that the morphological structure of the same material type also had a significant effect on the efficiency in mercury and arsenic removal apart from the type of material used. It was found that the foam structure has an improved removal efficiency for both arsenic and mercury decontaminations. Consequently, the foam structure was chosen for the further investigation on its reusability by the regenerative test, i.e., heat treatment for mercury removal and chemical treatment for arsenic removal. This indicates potential for further development to optimize its performance in effectively treating condensate with high mercury and arsenic concentrations. Furthermore, the utilization of metal filter offers an added safety benefit by mitigating the risk of hazardous mercury exposure to both operators and the surrounding environment.
This study involves the first stage of research development on using metal-based substrates with micromesh and foam structure for decontamination of petroleum products. Cost effectiveness is one of our concerns which could make this study more realistic in operation. Possible removal mechanisms of arsenic and mercury including regenerative method of metal filter technology approach have been proposed.
Flow Assisted Corrosion in Steam Condensate Collection System, A Case Study
Authors: Medina Antonio , Al Shehhi Ahmed Ali , Al Ameri Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Since ADNOC Sour Gas Processing Plant was commissioned, the steam condensate collection system presented repetitive failures in elbows and other fittings from 4" and bellow bore pipe size. It is important to highlight that hazard of the leakage is directly associated on the people and environmental concerns due to high temperature operation of the steam condensate system.
ADNOC Sour Gas has developed comprehensive analysis approach to identify the root cause of the failures using destructive laboratory testing along with research library to identify the mitigating actions required to avoid the frequent downtime of the system.
Despite of what shown in the visual examination, the damage mechanism has not been associated with erosion phenomena due to operating regime at low velocity in comparison to erosional limit and further supported by microscopic examination evidence.
Flow-accelerated corrosion has been identified as primary damage mechanism affecting the condensate collection system and mostly affecting the flow pattern enhancers (i.e. elbows, tees) under the normal operating envelope. The mechanism is found influenced by the combination of flow pattern, pH behavior and temperature profile of the system. The highest failure rates are associated with the highest temperature/ velocities locations.
Mitigation actions identified to avoid the recurrent failure are related to the pH control above 9 and deployment of enhanced material for the fittings in susceptible areas. Material change has been implemented for the elbows/tees in these pipe sizes to avoid the thickness loss and/or failures. Material upgradation was deployed and satisfactory performing using following specification from SA-234 WPB to WP22.
Wellsite Multi-Phase Flow and Core Online Detection Technology
Authors: Deng Feng , Liu Bin , Liu Huabing , Chen Guanhong , Chen Shiwen , Wang Mengying , Shi Junfeng , Jiang Weidong , Yu Yangyang , Wang Lei , Zhao Ruidong , Geng Haitao , Wang Yuanzheng , Liang Dongliang , Zhao Hanjun , Wang Xing , Liu Tianbo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the past 20 years, the wellsite Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technology has developed rapidly and played an important role in oil Production and development. Logging NMR refers to the measurement, analysis, and application of NMR technology in the complex and harsh environment of oil and gas drilling sites. It is currently used in downhole and NMR logging, including cable NMR logging, while-drilling NMR logging, downhole NMR fluid analysis devices, and application technologies. With the expansion of unconventional oil and gas resource development in recent years and the demand for integrated geological engineering construction, multiphase flow high-frequency and high-precision measurement and complex core in-situ detection technologies have become research hotspots for various oil and service companies. NMR technology has become one of the research directions due to its irreplaceability demonstrated in the logging field. However, there are still several scientific problems that need to be solved for the application of NMR technology in measurement and core scanning: 1. The current measurement method requires the sample to remain relatively still during the measurement process; 2. The current NMR probe cannot adapt to the complex environment of the oilfield; 3. The existing NMR measurement and interpretation software cannot meet the requirements of automation and intelligence in the drilling site. This paper proposes online monitoring of oil and gas production multiphase flow and reservoir detection technology for drilling cores, the NMR multiphase flow on-line detection technology and the core well site scanning technology are proposed, which fills the shortcomings of the industrial application of the motion magnetic resonance technology. It also expands the application of NMR technology in the petroleum field from petroleum logging to drilling, well testing, oil & gas production, and gathering and transportation.
Foundation Re-Assessment for Ageing Platforms
Authors: Pillai S. K. , Khader H. Mohammed Abdul 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To present the re-assessment of the ultimate pile capacity in compression of driven steel piles founding fixed platforms which is close to the design life by incorporating ageing of soils. It is expected that this will enable the client operators to extend the life of their assets.
The soil stratification for a platform is determined from the available data and the soil properties are reviewed. Based on the review of the soil characteristics, an assessment will be made whether the ageing effect of soils can be incorporated the existing set of data will be scrutinised thoroughly to determine whether any improvised soil parameters can be considered. Adjacent boreholes may be considered after careful examination on its applicability. If the soil is normally consolidated clays characterised by low plasticity and siliceous sands, the method suggested by NGI may be used for assessing the pile capacity. Further based on a comprehensive test program (by NGI) it has been shown that for clays there is an increase in strength due to ageing and this is influenced by plasticity index and over consolidation ratio.
The ultimate pile capacities are calculated as per existing methods. Further based on various design philosophies, the soil parameters are modified. In the case of clay soils having low plasticity, the estimation of alpha factor is conducted using the method proposed by Karlsrud (2005). For sands the ageing factor is suggested independent of the relative density. The increase in ultimate capacities amount to 10 to 30 percent from the ultimate capacity calculated by NGI method or similar methods which takes into the effect of low-plasticity clays in the ultimate capacity calculation. This increase is capacity is indeed a great benefit to the re-assessment of the existing "ageing platforms" which otherwise may cease to be profitable with depleting fields (generally).
Drilling Time Optimization by De-Risking a Re-Engineered Well Architecture Implemented in Offshore Shallow-Water Tertiary Wells in Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Barrera Edison , Gomez Jose Manuel , Alarcon Jose , Ponce Jorge , Torres Maria Andrea , Gonzalez Pablo , Hernandez Gladys , Hernández Cesar , Bravo Carlos 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Gulf of Mexico area is well known for the high complexity of its wells. Whether on deepwater or shallow-water fields, wells on each field require specific customization on wellbore architecture and drilling practices to drill faster without compromising well integrity standards, safety, and oil production.
Wellbore architecture is essential for the success of drilling operations and ensure the lifetime of the well throughout production and interventions. In the early stages of field development, a conservative approach increases the chances of success and obtains all the relevant information for well production and drilling optimization.
This project describes the successful implementation of an optimized 3 casing-strings wellbore geometry in two shallow-water fields, de-risking engineering and drilling practices applied to accelerate well delivery. Different challenges are present across the area, related to mechanical stuck pipe while crossing geological faults, unstable formations due to mechanical disturbance, differential stuck pipe due to heterogenous formation pressure with depleted sands, lost circulation on weak zones and collision with other wells departing from the same location. Additionally, many of the quality events occurred in these fields were associated to incorrect operational strategies implemented, mainly during BHA or casing tripping.
In close coordination between G&G (Geological and Geophysical department) and drilling engineering, the new casing points were carefully selected Based on offset wells and logging data, the strategy was to maintain high parameters when conditions allowed it and adjust them while crossing weaker zones. The strategy to minimize the risk of pack-off while drilling required ensuring that the hole is cleaned properly while drilling at highest ROP, sweeping pills schedule, bridging material and reaming procedures before connection, minimizing pack-off risk while drilling and saving time with clean trips. A further step to enhance performance and prevent high impact events was to exploit opportunities for real-time monitoring to ensure procedural adherence and follow the measures in the detailed multi-disciplinary risk analyses for critical activities. Additionally, leveraging the improved architecture, an integral multi-bowl wellhead was designed and implemented, giving practical advantages for casing running, and operational time reduction.
Influence of Soil Properties on Pre-pupal Burrowing, Pupation and Nutritional Quality of Gonimbrasia belina Westwood
Authors: Bangira Courage , Madimutsa Obert , Manditsera Faith A. , Bara Gracian , Rudo Sithole , Mubaiwa Juliet , Macheka Lesley 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Mopane worms (Gonimbrasia belina) are important sources of nutrition among many people in southern Africa. Threats of climate change and over-harvesting have provided compelling evidence to conserve and domesticate these edible insects through a better understanding of their natural habitat. A study was conducted in Zimbabwe, with the objectives of determining the influence of soil properties on mopane larvae soil burrowing, pupal metamorphosis and its nutritional quality. Field sampling was conducted by identifying Colophospermum mopane trees that had mopane larvae and then characterizing soil properties under each identified tree. An adjacent area with similar vegetation but with no known mopane occurrence was the control site. Soil and leaf samples were taken from each site and analysed for selected physical and chemical properties. Data were analysed using detrended correspondence analysis and Student t-test. Results show that G. belina larval abundance was highest on trees rooted in soils with 80–97% sand. Pupae population was positively linked to soil organic matter content, litter content, and exchangeable Ca, Mg and K concentrations but negatively linked to soil bulk density. The concentrations of Mg and K in the mopane tree leaves and mopane worm were at least seven times that of soil. Protein (55.6% DM) and fat (18.5% DM) were relatively higher in mopane worm than foliar samples. We conclude that mopane worms are more likely to burrow and metamorphosise to pupae into less compacted sandy soils with relatively high content of organic matter and litter content.
1-methyltryptophan treatment ameliorates high-fat diet induced depression in mice through reversing perineuronal nets changes
Authors: Liu Qiong , Li Wensheng , Guo Kun , Xiao Honglei , Ren Hong , Li Meihui , Gao Hongyang , Zhang Yuwen , Wang LeiLei , Wu Haoren , Zhang Shanshan , Hu Juntao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Depression and obesity are prevalent disorders that have significant public health implications. To investigate the mechanism underlying high-fat diet (HFD)-induced depression-like behaviors, we used a mouse model of HFD-induced obesity. The HFD-induced obese mouse exhibited a depression-like phenotype in behavioral assays, as well as a reduction in hippocampus volume. These phenotypes were reversed by treating HFD mice with the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor 1-methyltryptophan (1-MT). Interestingly, no changes in IDO levels were observed post 1-MT treatment, suggesting that the anti-depressive effect of 1-MT has an IDO-independent mechanism. To clarify the mechanism of 1-MT in reversing HFD-induced depression-like behaviors, we conducted RNA sequencing analysis which showed a significant enrichment of shared differential genes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) organization pathway between the 1-MT-treated and untreated HFD-induced depression mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that changes in ECM play a crucial role in the anti-depressive effect of 1-MT. To this end, we investigated perineuronal nets (PNNs), which are ECM assemblies that preferentially ensheath parvalbumin (PV)-positive interneurons and are involved in many abnormalities. We found that HFD is associated with excessive accumulation of PV-positive neurons and the upregulation of PNNs, which, in turn, affect synaptic transmission in PV-positive neurons and lead to glutamate-gamma-aminobutyric acid imbalances in the hippocampus. 1-MT effectively reversed these changes, highlighting an IDO-independent mechanism by which 1-MT exerts its anti-depressive effect.
GPR55 is expressed in glutamate neurons and functionally modulates nicotine taking and seeking in rats and mice
Authors: Xi Zheng-Xiong , He Yi , Shen Hui , Bi Guo-hua , Zhang Hai-Ying , Soler-Cedeno Omar , Alton Hannah , Yang Yihong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Cannabis legalization continues to progress in the USA for medical and recreational purposes. G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) is a putative “CB3” receptor. However, its functional role in cannabinoid action and drug abuse is not explored. Here we report that GPR55 is mainly expressed in cortical and subcortical glutamate neurons and its activation attenuates nicotine taking and seeking in rats and mice. RNAscopein situhybridization detected GPR55 mRNA in cortical vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VgluT1)-positive and subcortical VgluT2-positive glutamate neurons in wildtype, but not GPR55-knockout, mice. GPR55 mRNA was not detected in midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons in either genotype. Immunohistochemistry assays detected GPR55-like staining, but the signal is not GPR55-specific as the immunostaining was still detectable in GPR55-knockout mice. We then used a fluorescent CB1-GPR55 ligand (T1117) and detected GPR55 binding in cortical and subcortical glutamate neurons, but not in midbrain DA neurons, in CB1-knockout mice. Systemic administration of O-1602, a GPR55 agonist, dose-dependently increased extracellular glutamate, not DA, in the nucleus accumbens. Pretreatment with O-1602 failed to alter Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (D9-THC)-induced triad effects or intravenous cocaine self-administration, but it dose-dependently inhibited nicotine self-administration under fixed-ratio and progressive-ratio reinforcement schedules in rats and wildtype mice, not in GPR55-knockout mice. O-1602 itself is not rewarding or aversive as assessed by optical intracranial self-stimulation (oICSS) in DAT-Cre mice. These findings suggest that GPR55 is functionally involved in nicotine reward process possibly by a glutamate-dependent mechanism, and therefore, GPR55 deserves further research as a new therapeutic target for treating nicotine use disorder.