bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silver(I) Saccharinato Complexes with Ethylenediamine and N,N‐Dimethylethylenediamine – [Ag2(sac)2(en)(H2O)]n and [Ag2(sac)2(dmen)2]
Authors: Yilmaz Veysel T. , Hamamci Sevim , Kazak Canan 
Published: July 2005

AbstractTwo new silver(I)‐saccharinato (sac) complexes with ethylenediamine (en) and N,N‐dimethylethylenediamine (dmen) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT–IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The [Ag2(sac)2(en)(H2O)]n complex, 1, is a coordination polymer in which[Ag(sac)2(H2O)]− and [Ag(en)2]+ ions are bridged by one of the sac ligands and Ag–Ag bonds [2.9920(3) Å], resulting in [Ag2(sac)2(en)(H2O)] building blocks which are also linked into one‐dimensional helical chains by bridging en ligands. Each silver(I) atom is three‐coordinate with a distorted T–shaped coordination of AgN2O. The individual chains of 1 are further stacked by π–π; interactions, OW–H···O and N–H···O hydrogen bonds to form a three–dimensional supramolecular framework. The [Ag2(sac)2(en)2] complex, 2, has two molecules in its asymmetric unit, and each dimer is formed by bridging of two monomeric [Ag(sac)(dmen)] units by Ag–Ag bonds. The silver(I) atoms exhibit a distorted T–shaped coordination of AgN3 with an N–bonded sac and bidentate dmen ligands. The Ag···Ag separations in the pair of dimers are 3.2725(9) and 3.3127(9) Å. The dimeric molecules of 2 are connected to one‐dimensional hydrogen bonded chains by N–H···O hydrogen bonds.
Mononuclear Imido Amido Complexes via Exhaustive Ammonolysis of Niobium and Tantalum Pentachloride with tert‐Butyl Amine
Authors: Merkoulov Alexei , Schmidt Simone , Harms Klaus , Sundermeyer Jörg 
Published: July 2005

AbstractReaction of MCl5 (M = Nb, Ta) with excess of tBuNH2 in the presence of pyridine leads to formation of mononuclear complexes [M(NtBu)(NHtBu)Cl2Py2],M = Nb (1), Ta (2). These new key compounds are characterized by 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analyses. A single crystal structure analysis of [Ta(NtBu)(NHtBu)Cl2Py2] (2) reveals, that surprisingly chloro and not pyridine ligands are trans to the strongest π donor ligands [NtBu]2− and [NHtBu]−.
Einkristalle von La[AsO4] im Monazit‐ und Sm[AsO4] im Xenotim‐Typ
Authors: Kang Dong‐Hee , Schleid Thomas 
Published: July 2005

AbstractSingle Crystals of La[AsO4] with Monazite‐ and Sm[AsO4] with Xenotime‐Type StructureBrick‐shaped, transparent single crystals of colourless monazite‐type La[AsO4] (monoclinic, P21/n, a = 676.15(4), b = 721.03(4), c = 700.56(4) pm, β =104.507(4)°, Z = 4) and pale yellow xenotime‐type Sm[AsO4] (tetragonal, I41/amd, a = 718.57(4), c = 639.06(4) pm, Z = 4) emerge as by‐products from alkali and rare‐earth metal chloride fluxes whenever the synthesis of lanthanide(III) oxoarsenate(III) derivatives from admixtures of the corresponding sesquioxides in sealed, evacuated silica ampoules is accompanied by air intrusion and subsequent oxidation. Nine oxygen atoms from seven discrete [AsO4]3− tetrahedra recruit the rather irregular coordination sphere of La3+ (d(La3+−O2−) = 248 – 266 pm plus 291 pm) and even a tenth ligand could be considered at a distance of 332 pm. The trigonal dodecahedral figure of coordination consisting of eight oxygen atoms at distances of 236 and 248 pm (4× each) about Sm3+ is provided by only six isolated tetrahedral [AsO4]3− units. Alternating trans‐edge condensation of the latter with the [LaO9+1] polyhedra of monazite‐type La[AsO4] and the [SmO8] polyhedra of xenotime‐type Sm[AsO4] constitutes the main structural chain features along [100] or [001], respectively. The bond distances and angles of the complex [AsO4]3− anions range within common intervals (d(As5+−O2−) = 167 – 169 pm, ∢(O–As–O) = 100 – 116°) for both lanthanide(III) oxoarsenates(V) presented here.
Jahn‐Teller‐Ordnung in Mangan(III)‐fluoridsulfaten. II. Phasenübergang und Verzwillingung bei K2[MnF3(SO4)] und 1D Magnetismus in Verbindungen A2[MnF3(SO4)] (A = K, NH4, Rb, Cs)
Authors: Klein Ute , Hahn Friedemann , Massa Werner , Pebler Jürgen 
Published: July 2005

AbstractJahn‐Teller Ordering in Manganese(III) Fluoride Sulfates. II. Phase Transition and Twinning of K2[MnF3(SO4)] and 1D Magnetism in Compounds A2[MnF3(SO4)] (A = K, NH4, Rb, Cs)According to single‐crystal X‐ray investigations, K2[MnF3(SO4)] crystallizes at low temperature, like the isostructural Rb, NH4, and Cs analogues in space group P21/c, Z = 4, e.g. at 100 K with a = 7.197, b = 10.704, c = 8.427Å, β = 91.84°. Below about 300 K, the crystals are found to be [001] axis twins. Using a new integration method for area detector records, nearly complete intensity data could be gained allowing for structure refinements of similar quality as for untwinned crystals (e.g. at 100 K: wR2 = 0.050, R = 0.020 for all reflections). With rising temperature, the monoclinic angle approaches continuously 90°. For an ordering parameter Δβ = β−90° a 2nd‐order phase transition is observed with an exponent λ = 0.17. At the transition temperature of 280 K resulting from the fit, the monoclinic structure changes – with delay – to orthorhombic with the minimum super‐group Pnca, a = 7.243, b = 10.763, c = 8.457Å, R = 0.024, as found in an early structure determination at room temperature by Edwards 1971. In the chain‐like [MnF3(SO4)]2− anions, manganese(III) is octahedrally coordinated by two trans‐terminal and two trans‐bridging fluorine ligands as well as by the O atoms of two trans‐bridging sulfate ligands. At low temperature, the octahedral elongation by the Jahn‐Teller effect alternates between a F–Mn–F and an O–Mn–O axis (antiferrodistortive ordering). All bridges are asymmetric. From about 320 K on they become symmetric. Due to 2D dynamical Jahn‐Teller effect all octahedra appear compressed. All compounds A2[MnF3(SO4)] show 1D antiferromagnetism. The antiferrodistortive Jahn‐Teller order at low temperatures and the small bridge angles explain the much lower magnetic exchange energies and their inverse relation to the bridge angles as compared with other fluoromanganate(III) chain compounds with the usual ferrodistortive ordering.
Competitive Coordination of the Uranyl ion by Perchlorate and Water – The Crystal Structures of UO2(ClO4)2·3H2O and UO2(ClO4)2·5H2O and a Redetermination of UO2(ClO4)2·7H2O (Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2003, 629, 1012–1016)
Authors: Fischer A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn the article “Competitive Coordination of the Uranyl ion by Perchlorate and Water – The Crystal Structures of UO2(ClO4)2·3H2O and UO2(ClO4)2·5H2O and a Redetermination of UO2(ClO4)2·7H2O” (Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 2003, 629, 1012–1016), some wrong parameters and bond lengths for UO2(ClO4)2·7H2O were given in table 1 and table 3The correct parameters are: a = 1449.5(2) pm, b = 921.6(1) pm, c = 1067.5(2) pm, V = 1422.5(4)·106 pm3, ρ = 2.712 g·cm−3, μ = 119 cm−1.The corrected bond lengths for this structure are U–O(1) 175.8(5) pm, U–O(2) 239.1(5) pm, U–O(3) 240.8(5), U–O(4) 242.0(7).A cif file with the correct data has been deposited with the ICSD.
Educating Genetic Counselors in Australia: Developing an International Perspective
Authors: Sahhar Margaret A. , Young Mary‐Anne , Sheffield Leslie J. , Aitken MaryAnne 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe demand for genetic counseling services is increasing worldwide. This paper highlights the Australian experience of genetic counselor education and the history of the profession. The relevance of local factors, including the healthcare system, the education system and the small population in the evolution of the 1‐year training programs are considered as an alternative model for emerging programs. The development of the education and training processes compared to that of other countries namely the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom (UK) and Canada is discussed. The importance of international collaborations between the programs, to facilitate academic discussion and possible curriculum innovations, and to maintain professional understanding between genetic counselors is emphasized. Core genetic counseling competencies have been published for the UK and USA and an Australian set is proposed. In conclusion future directions are considered, including international issues around genetic counseling certification, reciprocity, and the potential for an Australian role in training genetic counselors in South East Asia.
An Assessment of Risk Understanding in Hispanic Genetic Counseling Patients
Authors: Eichmeyer Jennifer N. , Northrup Hope , Assel Michael A. , Goka Thomas J. , Johnston Dennis A. , Williams Aimee Tucker 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis study sought to identify if differences existed in risk comprehension and risk format understanding between genetic counseling patients of Hispanic and Caucasian ethnicity. A total of 107 questionnaires were collected, 56 from Hispanic patients, and 51 from Caucasian controls. Of the total population 41.1% (44/107) could not demonstrate sufficient risk understanding, which was 71.4% (40/56) of Hispanics and 7.8% (4/51) of Caucasians. Fractions were the best‐understood format for all participants. However, both Hispanics and Caucasians had difficulties with the percentage risk format. Discrepancies were also noted in qualitative word format understanding. Awareness of differences in risk comprehension may affect the selection of counseling techniques and strategies utilized by genetic counselors when educating patients about risk related information.
Psychosocial Issues That Face Patients With Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Disease: The Role of Genetic Counseling
Authors: Arnold Angela , McEntagart Meriel , Younger David S. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractCharcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) disease is a hereditary debilitating progressive muscular atrophy and sensory neuropathy of the distal extremities. CMT is usually nonlife threatening. Signs of the disease usually present in childhood or in young adulthood and the level of disability can be variable within and between families. Research addressing specific psychosocial and emotional issues faced by individuals with CMT is limited. Fourteen adults with a clinical and/or molecular diagnosis of CMT (ages 32–74 years) consented to an audio taped interview. The format of the interview was based around an informal questionnaire to prompt and guide the interviewee to describe their experiences of living with a disabling genetic disorder. The interviews focused on their experiences of first symptoms and diagnosis, their life experience with CMT, their limitations due to disability and the role of genetic counseling. This study identifies and explores life issues that individuals with CMT may face, specifically grief over the loss of independence, emotional pain and stress such as embarrassment and guilt of passing on a gene mutation, impact on quality of life, the impact of wearing orthopedic devices, and fear of progressive disability. Our findings suggest that that there are emotional and psychosocial issues specific to affected individuals at different life stages and genetic counselors need to be aware of these issues in order to provide age appropriate support and advice to individuals affected by CMT.
Women's Attitudes Toward Testing for Fragile X Carrier Status: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Anido Aimee , Carlson Lisa M , Taft Lisa , Sherman Stephanie L. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS) is primarily due to a repeat expansion mutation found in the FMR1 X‐linked gene. We have conducted a qualitative analysis of responses from women concerning their attitudes toward testing for carrier status of the fragile X mutation among reproductive‐age women. We obtained responses from focus groups including women with and without FXS in their families. We found the following themes: (1) mothers of children with FXS have difficulty formulating their opinions on population screening because of their unique experiences surrounding their own carrier diagnosis and their relationship with their children with FXS, (2) the motivation for carrier testing and need for information differ by family history of FXS and parental status, and (3) the timing of carrier testing with respect to a woman's life stage dictates whether carrier information will be viewed as beneficial or detrimental. There was evidence that non‐carrier women from the general population would be wholly unprepared for positive carrier results. These findings have significant implications for genetic counseling as well as for population screening.
Utilization of evidence‐based therapies for heart failure in the institutionalized elderly
Authors: Shibata Marcelo C. , Soneff Cynthia M. , Tsuyuki Ross T. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractObjectives:Heart failure (HF) is a major source of morbidity and mortality in elderly populations. A significant proportion of the elderly with HF are living in long‐term care facilities. Little is known about their management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of evidence‐based therapies in institutionalized elderly patients with HF.Design, setting and participants:Retrospective chart review conducted at 15 long‐term care facilities in the Capital Health Region (Edmonton, Alberta). Residents ≥65 years of age with HF were identified using a pharmacy database.Results:Overall prevalence of HF was 15% (313/2062 residents). Mean age was 87 years, median duration of residence was 1.8 years. Utilization of ACE‐inhibitors, beta‐blockers and spironolactone was 51%, 16% and 10%, respectively. Use of these medications was not significantly different between subgroups of those with and without contraindications to the therapies, different advance directive levels, gender or age. Sodium and fluid restricted diets were prescribed in only 11.0% and 3.8% of residents. Weight was not regularly monitored. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination were administered to 60.4% and 81.2% of the residents.Conclusion:The use of evidence‐based therapies in institutionalized elderly patients with HF is low, and unexplained by contraindications or advance directives. Efforts to increase the utilization of evidence‐based therapies and improve monitoring are warranted.
Cardiac repolarization. The long and short of it*
Authors: Antzelevitch Charles 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Heterogeneity of transmural ventricular repolarization in the heart has been linked to a variety of arrhythmic manifestations. Electrical heterogeneity in ventricular myocardium is due to ionic distinctions among the three principal cell types: Endocardial, M and Epicardial cells. A reduction in net repolarizing current generally leads to a preferential prolongation of the M cell action potential. An increase in net repolarizing current can lead to a preferential abbreviation of the action potential of right ventricular epicardium or left ventricular endocardium. These changes can result in amplification of transmural heterogeneities of repolarization and thus predispose to the development of potentially lethal reentrant arrhythmias. The long QT, short QT, Brugada and catecholaminergic VT syndromes are all examples of pathologies that have very different phenotypes and aetiologies, but share a common final pathway in causing sudden death via amplification transmural or other spatial dispersion of repolarization within the ventricular myocardium. These same mechanisms are likely to be responsible for life-threatening arrhythmias in a variety of other cardiomyopathies ranging from heart failure and hypertrophy, which may involve mechanisms very similar to those operative in long QT syndrome, to isch-aemia and infarction, which may involve mechanisms more closely resembling those responsible for the Brugada syndrome.
Atosiban and nifedipin for the treatment of preterm labor
Authors: Kashanian M. , Akbarian A.R. , Soltanzadeh M. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a comparison between atosiban (oxytocin antagonist) and nifedipin (calcium channel blocker) for acute treatment of preterm labor and their maternal safety. Methods: A randomized controlled trial study was performed on 80 pregnant women with preterm labor, between 26 and 34 weeks of pregnancy, in Akbar Abadi Teaching Hospital in Tehran, Iran. 40 women (the atosiban group) were compared with another 40 women (the nifedipin group) for the drugs' efficacy in delaying delivery for more than 48 h in order to undergo steroid therapy, and for more than 7 days or more, and also to assess their maternal safety. The duration between the drugs' administration and delivery were compared. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the treatment of preterm labor. Atosiban was effective in 82.5% of cases, and nifedipin in 75% of the cases (p = 1.000), for delaying delivery for 48 h. Atosiban was effective in 75% of the cases, and nifedipin in 65% of the cases, for delaying delivery for more than 7 days. The maternal side effects in the atosiban group were 17.5%, and in the nifedipin group they were 40%, which had a statistically significant difference (p = 0.027). The duration between treatment and delivery was 29.03 ± 16.12 days in the atosiban group and 22.85 ± 13.9 days in the nifedipin group with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.79). Conclusion: Atosiban is an effective and safe drug for the acute treatment of preterm labor with minimal side effects, and it can be an option in the treatment of preterm labor, especially in patients with heart disease and multi‐fetal pregnancies.
Late-Glacial climatic changes in Eastern France (Lake Lautrey) from pollen, lake-levels, and chironomids
Authors: Peyron O. , Bégeot C. , Brewer S. , Heiri O. , Magny M. , Millet L. , Ruffaldi P. , Van Campo E. , Yu G. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractHigh-temporal resolution analyses of pollen, chironomid, and lake-level records from Lake Lautrey provide multi-proxy, quantitative estimates of climatic change during the Late-Glacial period in eastern France. Past temperature and moisture parameters were estimated using modern analogues and ‘plant functional types’ transfer-function methods for three pollen records obtained from different localities within the paleolake basin. The comparison of these methods shows that they provide generally similar climate signals, with the exception of the Bölling. Comparison of pollen- and chironomid-based temperature of the warmest month reconstructions generally agree, except during the Bölling. Major abrupt changes associated with the Oldest Dryas/Bölling, Alleröd/Younger Dryas, and the Younger Dryas/Preboreal transitions were quantified as well as other minor fluctuations related to the cold events (e.g., Preboreal oscillation). The temperature of the warmest month increased by ∼5°C at the start of Bölling, and by 1.5°�"3°C at the onset of the Holocene, while it fell by ca. 3° to 4°C at the beginning of Younger Dryas. The comparative analysis of the results based on the three Lautrey cores have highlighted significant differences in the climate reconstructions related to the location of each core, underlining the caution that is needed when studying single cores not taken from deepest part of lake basins.
A Family Reunion The Anthropology of Life, Death and New Year in Soochow
Authors: Aijmer Göran 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor a long time students of China have held the view that ancestral cults formed one of the pillars of the Imperial state, that they were the backbone of family life and provided the ideological source for the political class. In a vague and general way this is no doubt true. However, from an anthropological perspective, the position of the dead in Chinese society is not well known. China is a vast country with a great variety of ecological circumstances and ethnic substrata, which have contributed to differences in ritual articulation. The most important of the regional differences may have been the divide between the rice-producing areas in the south and those producing wheat and millet in the north. China was sinicised in a slow process by the acceptance of hegemonic influences under shifting political conditions, and we must expect rich and diverse strands within the substrata lingering in the mix that we sometimes superficially designate ‘traditionally Chinese’. Furthermore, we must realise that there have been shifts in these ancestral cults through the ages, and that what was conducted in earlier dynasties might in some important aspects have been rather different from what went on in the later days of the Empire. In this article I wish to continue earlier work on the Chinese cult of the dead in terms of time – cyclical, calendrical and linear.
A Vastu Text in the Modern Age: Vishvakarma Darpan, 1969
Authors: Sachdev Vibhuti 
Published: July 2005

Abstract1969 was a time of some introspection for the architectural profession in India. The vision of bold architecture that Nehru had nurtured so personally was now in full bloom. It was, after all, a decade since he had urged architects to break the shackles of tradition in support of Chandigarh – an experiment to embolden the spirit of New India. There was a general sense of relief from professionally trained architects, because for them this political support meant that they could now do what they did best. Not out of choice, but training, they were freed from the burden of addressing tradition, and they could now address foreign design. This was also the time when many were ‘returning home’ after training in European and American schools, and were putting into practice what they had learnt abroad. The ‘foreign-returned’ were the ‘real’ architects who took upon themselves the task of educating their clients, and changing the face of India. They were ‘real’ also because only they had had first-hand experience of what was being taught from books in architecture schools all over India. With scholarship schemes set up by the Nehru government facilitating architects to study in America, it was there that many young architects went to complete their education. Once back they would set their euphoria in concrete and glass. And by 1969 there were already quite a few examples of American-inspired designs in the portfolio of Modern India, and its novelty was beginning to wear off.
“The Five Aspects of Conduct” Introduction and Translation
Authors: Holloway Kenneth 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn 1973 a cache of silk manuscripts was discovered in Mawangdui tomb number three in Hunan province. This was the first extensive collection of silk manuscripts unearthed from such an early period: 168 BCE, during the Han dynasty (202 BCE – 202 CE). Guodian village in the province of Hubei was the site of another exciting discovery in October of 1993. Here archaeologists uncovered a tomb they labelled M1 from 300 BCE in the pre-Qin state of Chu that contained texts written on 804 bamboo strips. These two tombs are separated by one of the most significant period-defining events in ancient history, Qin Shihuang's unification of China. Excavated manuscripts now bridge this historic divide. Some are early editions of major works known from the received tradition. Others were previously unknown having been lost for over two millennia. Of the received texts, the Daodejing has been translated into English based on each of the editions found in Mawangdui and Guodian. The only other text that appears in both of these tombs is “The Five Aspects of Conduct”, which will be made widely available to an English speaking audience for the first time at the end of this article.
Invention of Tradition in Travancore: A Maharaja's Quest for Political Security
Authors: Kooiman Dick 
Published: July 2005

AbstractUp until the British departure from India, in 1947, hundreds of Indian princely states succeeded in maintaining a semi-autonomous existence beneath the wide umbrella of British paramount power. These states, which were scattered over the whole subcontinent, ranged from large and imposing to tiny and insignificant, and were dominated by Hindu, Muslim and Sikh ruling elites.