bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الوقف المبتكر وأثره في التنمية المستدامة- التعليم أنموذجاً: نماذج تطبيقية من دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة
Authors: AlKarim Hammad Hamza Abed 
Published: December 2023

: هدفت هذه الورقة إلى تحليل ماهية الوقف المبتكر، والتأصيل الشرعي لجواز الابتكار في الوقف، ثم عرض أمثلة على شواهد تطور الأوقاف وابتكاراتها في التاريخ الإسلامي، إضافة إلى الربط بين التعليم والتنمية المستدامة، وانتهاء بعرض نماذج تطبيقية للوقف المبتكر في مجال التعليم وتحليلها في دولة الإمارات الإمارات العربية المتحدة، وقد اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، وقد بيّنت الدراسة أن الوقف المبتكر هو: الأفكار الجديدة والأصيلة التي يقصد من تطبيقها تطوير الأوقاف من حيث الأصول التي يتم وقفها، ومصارف تلك الأوقاف، وأن عمدة أدلة جواز الابتكار في الوقف هو القياس؛ إذ إن أي صورة جديدة ومبتكرة من صور الوقف يجرى عليها القياس على الأوقاف الثابتة بالنصوص، فإذا استوفت شروط الوقف، ووجدت فيها العلة الجامعة، دون وجود الموانع والنواقض للقياس؛ صح أن تدرج ضمن صور الوقف المشروعة، وقد انتهت كذلك إلى وجود نماذج تطبيقية للأوقاف المبتكرة في الحضارة الإسلامية؛ مثل: وقف الأعراس، ووقف مواساة المريض، ووقف مؤنس المرضى والغرباء، أما فيما يتعلق بالنماذج التطبيقية للوقف المبتكر في مجال التعليم وتطبيقاته في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة؛ فقد انتهت الدراسة إلى وجود نماذج عدة تندرج تحت "الوقف المبتكر" وهو نموذج حديث صممه مركز محمد بن راشد العالمي لاستشارات الوقف والهبة؛ والنماذج هي: وقف: قادة الأعمال الشباب للطلاب، ووقف الاستشارة، ووقف قاعات التدريب، ووقف الاستشارات القانونية، ووقف المعرفة، ووقف الثقافة.

This paper aims to analyze the nature of innovative waqf, its legal foundation, and present examples of the evolution and innovations within the history of Islamic endowments. Additionally, it links education and sustainable development, concluding with applied models of innovative waqf in education and their analysis in the United Arab Emirates. The study employs a descriptive methodology and demonstrates that innovative waqf encompasses novel and authentic ideas intended for developing endowments in terms of their assets and expenditures. The primary criterion for the permissibility of innovation in waqf is measurement. Any new and innovative form of waqf is assessed against established textual endowments. If it meets the waqf conditions and serves a universal purpose without any impediments, it is considered a legitimate form of waqf. The study also highlights practical examples of innovative waqf in Islamic civilization, such as the endowment for weddings, patient care, and consoling the sick and strangers. Regarding applied models of innovative waqf in education and their applications in the United Arab Emirates, the study identifies several models falling under the category of "Innovative Waqf." A recent model, designed by the Mohammed Bin Rashid Global Centre for Waqf and Endowment Consultancy, includes: Youth Business Leaders for Students Waqf, Consultation Waqf, Training Hall Waqf, Legal Consultation Waqf, Knowledge Waqf, and Cultural Waqf.
MITIGATING INFLATION VIA ISLAMIC FINANCE & ISLAMIC SOCIAL FINANCE
Authors: Mohsin Magda Ismail A. Mohsin 
Published: December 2023

The aim of this paper is to highlight the current practices of Islamic Finance IF and Islamic Social Finance ISF in mitigating inflation in Malaysia. This study used a descriptive qualitative method collected from secondary data consisting of documents relate to the subject matter at hand. The type of documents used are published articles, reports, journals, and websites. Islamic Finance IF & Islamic Social Finance ISF offers various financial products that help to eliminate riba/interest from society, circulate the wealth from the have to the have not in an ethical approach, hence, stabilizing prices and mitigating inflation. This paper is a conceptual study which does not aim to empirically examine the issues but provide successful cases to be adopted by Muslim countries in eliminating riba/interest from their societies and hence mitigating inflation. This paper dose not only presents the Islamic approach in mitigating inflation, but it provides current practical cases in achieving so. So, this paper will be of great interest to students/researchers/economist/financial institutions and policy makers. Islamic Finance IF & Islamic Social Finance ISF are based on principles deduced from the Quran and Sunnah and which need to be implemented in Muslim societies not only for mitigating inflation but for achieving social justice for all.
СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВО УКРАЇНИ І МІЖНАРОДНОГО КРИМІНАЛЬНОГО СУДУ У СФЕРІ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ЗА ЗЛОЧИНИ ПРОТИ ЛЮДЯНОСТІ
Authors: Чернецька О. В. 
Published: December 2023

Стаття присвячена аналізу співробітництва України і Міжнародного кримі­наль­ного суду у сфері відповідальності за злочини проти людяності. Автором досліджу­ються основні етапи формалізації та нормативного урегулювання взаємовідносин України з МКС. Проаналізована відповідна нормативно-правова база у цій царині. Акцентується увага на тому, що безпека світового правопорядку, ефективність міжнародного права як нормативного регулятора стабільності системи міжнародних відносин, в подальшому неможлива без співробітництва України з Міжнародним кримінальним судом задля уникнення неприпустимості безкарності за злочини проти людяності, які скоює російська федерація.
Автором обґрунтовується необхідність усвідомлення того, що за умов прагнення України до європейського співтовариства та північноатлантичної системи безпеки, ратифікація Римського статусу є необхідною умовою.
Зазначається, що МКС створений як міжнародний механізм для здійснення правосуддя за порушення норм міжнародного права, у випадку, коли держава за різних обставин неспроможна сама належним чином притягнути осіб до кримінальної відповідальності за міжнародні злочини, ратифікація Римського статуту є першочерговим завданням. Звісно, існують певні побоювання та застороги, проте, варто наголосити на тому, що МКС не підміняє національні суди.
Зроблено висновок, що повноцінна правосуб’єктність України на міжнародній мапі неможлива без подальшого створення належних механізмів, які б убезпечили український народ та державу від злочинних посягань та справедливого покарання винних за скоєні злочини проти людяності.
ПРАВОВИЙ ВПЛИВ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАВОВЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ
Authors: Шилінгов В. С. 
Published: December 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню механізму впливу права на суспільне життя, свідомість і поведінку людей. Акцентується увага на тому, що правовий вплив – це складне, комплексне явище, яке розкриває весь процес впливу права в його різноманітті та єдності. Підкреслюється, що предметом правового впливу є всі суспільні відносини, включаючи і ті, які правом безпосередньо не регулюються. У такому сенсі правовий вплив варто розглядати не як дію системи норм, а як реалізацію ідеї права, його «духу». Стверджується, що виокремлення поняття правового впливу у самостійну наукову категорію можливе лише за природньо-правового підходу до розуміння права, тобто на підставі розмежування понять права і закону.
У статті також розглядається співвідношення понять правового впливу та правового регулювання. Наводяться різні погляди науковців-дослідників. Їх узагальнення дає підстави дійти висновку, що право чинить на суспільні відносини не лише суто юридичний вплив, а й діє на них як психологічний, ідеологічний, інформаційний, цінносно-орієнтаційний та мотиваційний чинники.
Автором на підставі здійснених узагальнень сформульовані відповідні висновки, що дало можливість визначити поняття механізму правового впливу як складного соціально-правового явища, що охоплює як правові (зокрема, юридичні), так і неправові (моральні, ідеологічні, психологічні, інформаційні та ін.) засоби впливу на життя суспільства як індивідуальних, так і колективних суб’єктів суспільних відносин.
ERGONOMİK DİSEKSİYON MAKASI
Authors: KESMEZACAR Fahrettin Fatih , MERGEN Atiye Bahar 
Published: December 2023

Ergonomi, temel olarak insanın makineye değil makinenin insana uyumunu amaç
edinir. Geleneksel diseksiyon makasları tek bir düzlemde olup, sap ve gövde
bölümlerinde herhangi bir eğim bulunmaz. Bunun sonucunda makası kullanan kişi
sürekli olarak bileğini bükmesine bağlı olarak ağrı ve strese maruz kalır. Standart
makaslarda el nadiren nötr pozisyona gelir. Diseksiyonda dokular kat kat
birbirinden ayrılarak incelenir. Dokuların birbirinden ayrılma işlemi diseksiyon
makasları, oluklu sonda ve bisturi ile yapılır. Ergonomik diseksiyon makasının
tasarımının temel amacı, sap kısmı ve kulplarının insan anatomisine uygun
ergonomik yapıda olmasıdır. Makasın sap bölümde; kulplar ve kulp sapları tamamen
parmak ergonomisine uygun hale getirilmiştir. Ayrıca ergonominin temeli olan aletin
bükülmesi gerekliliği olarak sap bölümü eli nötr pozisyonda kalabilecek şekilde
değiştirilmiştir. Makasın, kulpların bulunduğu sap bölümünde parmaklarla, el bileği
ile ve makas-zeminle olan ilişkileri tasarımda temeli oluşturmuştur. Diseksiyonun
sadece makasla yapılmadığı ve kullanılan diğer aletlerinde makasa nasıl adapte
edileceği de düşünülmüştür. Çalışmada bahsedilen tasarım patent almış ve
tescillenmiştir. Makas ve oluklu sonda aynı malzemede olması kullanıcıya diseksiyon
sırasında oldukça rahatlık sağlayacaktır.
Granular activated carbon enhances volatile fatty acid production in the anaerobic fermentation of garden wastes
Authors: Chen Wenwen , Zeng Yiwei , Liu Huanying , Sun Dezhi , Liu Xinying , Xu Haiyu , Wu Hongbin , Qiu Bin , Dang Yan 
Published: December 2023

Garden waste, one type of lignocellulosic biomass, holds significant potential for the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) through anaerobic fermentation. However, the hydrolysis efficiency of garden waste is limited by the inherent recalcitrance, which further influences VFA production. Granular activated carbon (GAC) could promote hydrolysis and acidogenesis efficiency during anaerobic fermentation. This study developed a strategy to use GAC to enhance the anaerobic fermentation of garden waste without any complex pretreatments and extra enzymes. The results showed that GAC addition could improve VFA production, especially acetate, and reach the maximum total VFA yield of 191.55 mg/g VSadded, which increased by 27.35% compared to the control group. The highest VFA/sCOD value of 70.01% was attained in the GAC-amended group, whereas the control group only reached 49.35%, indicating a better hydrolysis and acidogenesis capacity attributed to the addition of GAC. Microbial community results revealed that GAC addition promoted the enrichment of Caproiciproducens and Clostridium, which are crucial for anaerobic VFA production. In addition, only the GAC-amended group showed the presence of Sphaerochaeta and Oscillibacter genera, which are associated with electron transfer processes. Metagenomics analysis indicated that GAC addition improved the abundance of glycoside hydrolases (GHs) and key functional enzymes related to hydrolysis and acidogenesis. Furthermore, the assessment of major genera influencing functional genes in both groups indicated that Sphaerochaeta, Clostridium, and Caproicibacter were the primary contributors to upregulated genes. These findings underscored the significance of employing GAC to enhance the anaerobic fermentation of garden waste, offering a promising approach for sustainable biomass conversion and VFA production.
Fangchinoline alleviates cognitive impairments through enhancing autophagy and mitigating oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s disease models
Authors: Yi Lilin , Luo Man , Wang Maoju , Dong Zhifang , Du Yehong 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a debilitating, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and subsequent oxidative stress, resulting in a cascade of cytotoxic effects. Fangchinoline (Fan), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from traditional Chinese herb Stephania tetrandra S. Moorec, has been reported to possess multiple potent biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the potential neuroprotective efficacy of Fan against AD remains unknown.Methods: N2AAPP cells, the mouse neuroblastoma N2A cells stably transfected with human Swedish mutant APP695, were served as an in vitro AD model. A mouse model of AD was constructed by microinjection of Aβ1–42 peptides into lateral ventricle of WT mice. The neuroprotective effects of Fan on AD were investigated through a combination of Western blot analysis, immunoprecipitation and behavioral assessments.Results and discussion: It was found that Fan effectively attenuated the amyloidogenic processing of APP by augmenting autophagy and subsequently fostering lysosomal degradation of BACE1 in N2AAPP cells, as reflected by the decrease in P62 levels, concomitant with the increase in Beclin-1 and LC3-II levels. More importantly, Fan significantly ameliorated cognitive impairment in an Aβ1–42-induced mouse model of AD via the induction of autophagy and the inhibition of oxidative stress, as evidenced by an increase in antioxidants including glutathione reductase (GR), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) and a decrease in pro-oxidants including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS), coupled with a reduction in apoptosis marker, cleaved caspase-3. Taken together, our study demonstrate that Fan ameliorates cognitive dysfunction through promoting autophagy and mitigating oxidative stress, making it a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
Development and validation of a rabbit model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa non-ventilated pneumonia for preclinical drug development
Authors: Gras Emmanuelle , Vu Trang T. T. , Nguyen Nhu T. Q. , Tran Vuvi G. , Mao Yanjie , Tran Nguyen D. , Mai Nam H. , Dong Oliver X. , Jung David H. , Iorio Natalia L. P. P. , Povoa Helvecio C. C. , Pinheiro Marcos Gabriel , Aguiar-Alves Fabio , Weiss William J. , Zheng Bo , Cheng Lily I. , Stover Charles K. , Sellman Bret R. , DiGiandomenico Antonio , Gibault Laure , Valour Florent , Diep Binh An 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundNew drugs targeting antimicrobial resistant pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, have been challenging to evaluate in clinical trials, particularly for the non-ventilated hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia indications. Development of new antibacterial drugs is facilitated by preclinical animal models that could predict clinical efficacy in patients with these infections.MethodsWe report here an FDA-funded study to develop a rabbit model of non-ventilated pneumonia with Pseudomonas aeruginosa by determining the extent to which the natural history of animal disease reproduced human pathophysiology and conducting validation studies to evaluate whether humanized dosing regimens of two antibiotics, meropenem and tobramycin, can halt or reverse disease progression.ResultsIn a rabbit model of non-ventilated pneumonia, endobronchial challenge with live P. aeruginosa strain 6206, but not with UV-killed Pa6206, caused acute respiratory distress syndrome, as evidenced by acute lung inflammation, pulmonary edema, hemorrhage, severe hypoxemia, hyperlactatemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hypoglycemia, which preceded respiratory failure and death. Pa6206 increased &gt;100-fold in the lungs and then disseminated from there to infect distal organs, including spleen and kidneys. At 5 h post-infection, 67% of Pa6206-challenged rabbits had PaO2 &lt;60 mmHg, corresponding to a clinical cut-off when oxygen therapy would be required. When administered at 5 h post-infection, humanized dosing regimens of tobramycin and meropenem reduced mortality to 17-33%, compared to 100% for saline-treated rabbits (P&lt;0.001 by log-rank tests). For meropenem which exhibits time-dependent bactericidal activity, rabbits treated with a humanized meropenem dosing regimen of 80 mg/kg q2h for 24 h achieved 100% T&gt;MIC, resulting in 75% microbiological clearance rate of Pa6206 from the lungs. For tobramycin which exhibits concentration-dependent killing, rabbits treated with a humanized tobramycin dosing regimen of 8 mg/kg q8h for 24 h achieved Cmax/MIC of 9.8 ± 1.4 at 60 min post-dose, resulting in 50% lung microbiological clearance rate. In contrast, rabbits treated with a single tobramycin dose of 2.5 mg/kg had Cmax/MIC of 7.8 ± 0.8 and 8% (1/12) microbiological clearance rate, indicating that this rabbit model can detect dose-response effects.ConclusionThe rabbit model may be used to help predict clinical efficacy of new antibacterial drugs for the treatment of non-ventilated P. aeruginosa pneumonia.
Comparing pyrotinib with trastuzumab and pertuzumab with trastuzumab for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: a retrospective, multicenter analysis
Authors: You Shuhui , Xie Yizhao , Sang Die , Luo Ting , Yuan Peng , Xu Fei , Wang Biyun 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivePyrotinib and pertuzumab are effective treatment options for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (HER2+ MBC). Our study was to directly compare the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib plus trastuzumab (PyroH) and pertuzumab plus trastuzumab (HP) in patients with HER2+ MBC.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective examination of HER2+ MBC patients who received PyroH plus chemotherapy or HP plus chemotherapy between 2017 and 2022 at five institutions in China. Our primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsThis study involved 333 patients, among which 161 received PyroH and 172 received HP. The utilization of PyroH as a first-line therapy for MBC was more prevalent among older patients, those with a shorter duration of disease-free interval, or those who had previously been treated with trastuzumab. Although in the first-line advanced treatment HP cohort showed numerically longer PFS (median PFS: 14.46 vs. 22.90 months, p=0.057), in the second-line or later treatments, there was no significant difference in PFS between the PyroH and HP groups (median PFS: 8.67 vs. 7.92 months, p=0.286). Despite HP showing a longer PFS in the overall cohort (median PFS: 9.30 vs. 13.01 months, p=0.005), it did not serve as an independent predictor of PFS in the multivariate analysis (HR 1.134, 95% CI 0.710-1.811, p=0.598). Without taxane, PyroH demonstrated a longer PFS than HP (median PFS: 10.12 vs. 8.15 months, p=0.017). PyroH group displayed a numerically longer median PFS in patients with brain metastases compared to the HP group, though not statistically significant (median PFS: 9.03 vs. 8.15 months, p=0.976). PyroH had higher incidence of grade 3/4 diarrhea (34.3% vs. 3.0%) but similar overall adverse events.ConclusionIn conclusion, PyroH is comparable in second-line or later treatment and during brain metastasis, even having superior efficacy without taxane in real-world setting. Toxicities were tolerable in both groups. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05572645)
Association between sleep duration and antibody acquisition after mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Izuhara Muneto , Matsui Kentaro , Yoshiike Takuya , Kawamura Aoi , Utsumi Tomohiro , Nagao Kentaro , Tsuru Ayumi , Otsuki Rei , Kitamura Shingo , Kuriyama Kenichi 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSleep enhances the antibody response to vaccination, but the relationship between sleep and mRNA vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is not fully understood.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we investigated the influence of sleep habits on immune acquisition induced by mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in 48 healthy adults (BNT-162b2, n=34; mRNA-1273, n=14; female, n=30, 62.5%; male, n=18, 37.5%; median age, 39.5 years; interquartile range, 33.0–44.0 years) from June 2021 to January 2022. The study measured sleep duration using actigraphy and sleep diaries, which covered the periods of the initial and booster vaccinations.ResultsMultivariable linear regression analysis showed that actigraphy-measured objective sleep duration 3 and 7 days after the booster vaccination was independently and significantly correlated with higher antibody titers (B=0.003; 95% confidence interval, 0.000–0.005; Beta=0.337; p=0.02), even after controlling for covariates, including age, sex, the type of vaccine, and reactogenicity to the vaccination. Associations between acquired antibody titer and average objective sleep duration before vaccination, and any period of subjective sleep duration measured by sleep diary were negligible.DiscussionLonger objective, but not subjective, sleep duration after booster vaccination enhances antibody response. Hence, encouraging citizens to sleep longer after mRNA vaccination, especially after a booster dose, may increase protection against SARS-CoV-2.Study registrationThis study is registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network Center (UMIN: https://www.umin.ac.jp) on July 30, 2021, #UMIN000045009.
Pathological granuloma fibrosis induced by agar-embedded Mycobacterium abscessus in C57BL/6JNarl mice
Authors: Yang Shiu-Ju , Hsu Chih-Hao , Lai Chi-Yun , Tsai Pei-Chu , Song Yung-Deng , Yeh Chang-Ching , Chen Yih-Yuan , Dou Horng-Yunn 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPulmonary granuloma diseases caused by Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus) have increased in past decades, and drug-resistance in this pathogen is a growing public health concern. Therefore, an animal model of chronic granuloma disease is urgently needed.MethodsIn this study, M. abscessus embedded within agar beads (agar-AB) was used to develop such a model in C57BL/6JNarl mice.ResultsChronic infection was sustained for at least 3 months after agar-AB infection, visible granulomas spread in the lungs, and giant cells and foamy cells appeared in the granulomas. More importantly, pulmonary fibrosis progressed for 3 months, and collagen fibers were detected by Masson trichrome staining. Further, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was highly expressed within the alveolar space, and the fibrosis-mediator transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) began to be expressed at 1 month. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) expression also increased, which aided in normalizing oxygen partial pressure.DiscussionAlthough the transient fibrosis persisted for only 3 months, and the pulmonary structure resolved when the pathogen was cleard, this pulmonary fibrosis model for M. abscessus infection will provide a novel test platform for development of new drugs, regimens, and therapies.