bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Reaction of Thiosulfate with Hydrogen Peroxide by Freezing
Authors: Sato Keiichi , Furuya Satoshi , Takenaka Norimichi , Bandow Hiroshi , Maeda Yasuaki , Furukawa Yoshinori 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
In order to investigate the characteristics of the oxidative reactions of low-valence sulfur compounds with H2O2 in the freezing process, a Na2S2O3 aqueous solution was mixed with a H2O2 aqueous solution, followed by freezing at −15 °C. After the designated time had passed, the concentrations of sulfur compounds were measured. The oxidation of thiosulfates was accelerated due to the freeze-concentration effect. The maximum reaction rate of the freezing reaction (−15 °C) was about 20-times faster than that in an aqueous solution (25 °C). In the aqueous-phase reaction, thiosulfates were transformed to tetrathionates as intermediates, or directly to sulfates, and all sulfur compounds were finally oxidized to sulfates. On the other hand, the tetrathionates and sulfates transformed by the freezing reaction were preserved in ice for a long time. The maximum amounts of the tetrathionates formed by freezing were about twice those in the aqueous-phase reaction. Once tetrathionates were formed by the freezing reaction, most of the formed tetrathionates coexisting with high concentrations of H2O2 were not transformed to sulfate, regardless of whether or not the sample was re-frozen. This observation is probably attributable to the difference in the pH value when tetrathionates are formed.
Kinetic Study of Tungsten Atoms (a 7S3 and a 5DJ) in the Presence of C2H4 and NH3 at Room Temperature
Authors: Ishikawa Yo-ichi , Matsumoto Yoshitaka 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
The gas-phase reactivity of W (a 7S3 and a 5DJ) with C2H4 and NH3 at room temperature was investigated using a time-resolved laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy. Tungsten atoms were produced by a 266-nm multiphoton decomposition (MPD) of W(CO)6. The reactant pressure dependence of the pseudo-first-order depletion rates of W (a 7S3) could allow an estimation of the pseudo-second-order depletion rate constant of W (a 7S3), (4.5 ± 0.5) × 10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 for C2H4 and (0.73 ± 0.10) × 10−10 for NH3 at 6.0-Torr total pressure with an Ar buffer. A simulation of the transient curves based on a modification of the observed apparent decay rate constants, involving nearby a 5DJ states in the presence of C2H4 and NH3, allowed us to separately estimate the contribution of the chemical quenching (W (a 7S3) + R → product(s)) and the physical quenching (W (a 7S3) + R → W (a 5D1) + R) processes. In the case of C2H4, chemical quenching appeared to dominate over the physical quenching, while the physical quenching was the main depletion process in the case of NH3. The large reactivity of the W (a 7S3) state not only for C2H4, but also for NH3, is discussed in terms of the relativistic effects.
Synthesis, Structure and Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer of μ-Oxo-μ-chloro and μ-Oxo-μ-alkoxo Dimeric Molybdenum(III) Ethylenediamine Complexes
Authors: Kiyoda Shunji , Akashi Haruo , Ichimura Akio , Shibahara Takashi 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
An oxo- and chloro-bridged dinuclear molybdenum(III) ethylenediamine complex, [Mo2(μ-O)(μ-Cl)(en)4]3+, was synthesized by the reaction of [MoCl3(thf)3] with ethylenediamine in DMF. μ-Oxo-μ-alkoxo-bridged dimolybdenum(III) ethylenediamine complexes [Mo2(μ-O)(μ-OMe)(en)4]3+, [Mo2(μ-O)(μ-OEt)(en)4]3+, and [Mo2(μ-O)(μ-OPr)(en)4]3+ were obtained by reactions of the mononuclear complex with ethylenediamine in methanol, ethanol, and propanol, respectively, where each solution contained LiBr. Bridged dimeric structures of these complexes were determined by X-ray crystallography. In an acidic aqueous solution, these oxo-bridged complexes underwent protonation on the bridging oxygen atoms and changes to the corresponding hydroxo-bridged complexes. Cyclic voltammetric measurements (pH 1.0–10.0) of complexes [Mo2(μ-O)(μ-Cl)(en)4]3+, [Mo2(μ-O)(μ-OMe)(en)4]3+, and [Mo2(μ-O)(μ-OEt)(en)4]3+ clearly showed that, accompanied by the oxidation of the complex, the coordinated amine is deprotonated, and the complex becomes a corresponding amido-coordinated complex.
In Situ Very-High-Energy Diffraction Studies of Thermal Decomposition of Transition Metal Trifluorides
Authors: Rau Julietta V , Rossi Albertini Valerio , Chilingarov Norbert S , Di Michiel Marco , Colonna Stefano , Ioffe Ilya N , Sidorov Lev N 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
The thermal decomposition of transition metal trifluorides MF3 (M = Mn, Fe, Co) was studied by collecting sequences of very-high-energy (89 keV) synchrotron radiation diffraction patterns. The real-time evolution of the crystal lattices was followed as a function of temperature and it was observed that the transition from MF3 to MF2 is generally accompanied by the formation of intermediate short-living phases –M2F5. One of them –Co2F5– is a phase which had never been observed before.
Reaction of Amino Acids in a Supercritical Water-Flow Reactor Simulating Submarine Hydrothermal Systems
Authors: Islam Md Nazrul , Kaneko Takeo , Kobayashi Kensei 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
A novel supercritical water flow-reactor was constructed in order to simulate submarine hydrothermal systems. The temperature of fluid inside the reaction tube could be monitored with thermocouples, which was proved to be different from the temperature outside the reaction tube. Oligomers of glycine up to tetraglycine were formed when a 100 mM glycine solution was heated at 200–350 °C for 2 minutes. None of glycine peptides were produced at 400 °C. It was suggested, however, that the formation of glycine condensates at higher temperature, including supercritical conditions of water. The stability of some amino acids under hydrothermal conditions was examined. ω-Amino acids and glutamic acid, which can form intramolecular condensates, showed higher stability than other α-amino acids at higher temperature, including supercritical conditions.
A Unique Two-Dimensional Terephthalate-Bridged Structure with Alternate Tetra- and Penta-Coordinate Cobalt(II) Sites. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of [{Co3(tp)2(OH)2(phen)2}n]
Authors: Zhang Li-Juan , Zhao Xiao-Li , Cheng Peng , Xu Ji-Qing , Tang Xu , Cui Xiao-Bing , Xu Wei , Wang Tie-Gang 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
A two-dimensional (2D) cobalt coordination polymer [{Co3(tp)2(OH)2(phen)2}n] (1), bridged by the terephthalate (tp) ligand, was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions, and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 crystallized in the triclinic space group P1- with a = 8.2620(11) Å, b = 10.4409(12) Å, c = 11.0840(10) Å, α = 111.332(8)°, β = 91.394(10)°, γ = 91.638(10)°, Z = 2, V = 889.65(18) Å3. A structure refinement showed that complex 1 is the first example of a two-dimensional (2D) framework with both carboxylate bridges and μ-hydroxo bridges, in which cobalt atoms adopt square-pyramidal and square-planar geometries. Complex 1 exhibited a interesting magnetic behavior: the shape of the μeff curve indicates a ferrimagnetic-like behavior between 300–41.0 K, immediately followed by a strong decay of the magnetic moment. Moreover, complex 1 was characterized by IR spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), elemental and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses.
Tetranuclear Ru Complex Linked via Redox-Active Azobis(bipyridine) Ligands as a Redox-Responsive Photoswitch
Authors: Otsuki Joe , Li Dong-Mei , Sato Katsuhiko , Nakagome Asako , Takido Toshio , Yoshikawa Isao , Akasaka Tetsuo , Araki Koji 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
A tetranuclear Ru complex linked by 4,4″-azobis(2,2′-bipyridine) (azobpy), [Ru{(azobpy)Ru(bpy)2}3][PF6]8 (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) has been prepared and fully characterized. Cyclic and differential pulse voltammetries show that two kinds of oxidation occur, the one at the less positive potential being assigned to the oxidation of the three peripheral Ru ions, while the other to that of the central Ru ion. On a cathodic scan, a pair of three-electron (one electron on each azobpy) reductions of azobpy ligands appear at less negative potentials than terminal bpy ligands. A low-energy metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption band involving the π*-orbitals of azobpy ligands is observed in addition to the usual MLCT band involving terminal bpy ligands. These results indicate the presence of a low-lying π* level of azobpy. A selective reduction of azobpy ligands renders the non-luminescent complex into a moderately luminescent species. This light switch is reversible, implying the utility of this branched structure in energy delivering molecular systems.
UV-Vis Absorption and CD Spectroelectrochemical Studies on S-Bridged Polycobalt(III) Complexes with 2-Aminoethanethiolate or l-Cysteinate
Authors: Miyashita Yoshitaro , Yoshida Hirokazu , Sato Tomohiro , Yamada Yasunori , Fujisawa Kiyoshi , Okamoto Ken-ichi 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
The UV-vis spectroelectrochemical properties of S-bridged tricobalt(III) complexes [CoIII{CoIII(aet or l-cys)3}2]3+ or 3− and dicobalt(III) complexes [CoIII{CoIII(aet or l-cys)3}(dien)]3+ or 0 (aet = 2-aminoethanethiolate, l-cys = l-cysteinate, dien = diethylenetriamine) were investigated using a thin-layer quartz cell with a platinum mesh working electrode. The absorption spectroelectrochemical measurements for the tricobalt(III) complexes indicated that a two-electron reduction proceeds through pseudo two-steps, CoIIICoIIICoIII → CoIIICoIICoIII → CoIIICoIICoII for the aet complex, while through pseudo one-step for the l-cys complex. The CD spectroelectrochemical measurements demonstrated that the optically active isomer (ΔΔ form) of the aet tricobalt(III) complex loses chirality during the one-electron reduction, whereas the ΔLLLΔLLL isomer of the l-cys tricobalt(III) complex is reduced with an inversion of configuration, to form the ΛLLLΛLLL isomer. The ΛLLLΛLLL isomer is reduced with a retention of configuration. The aet and l-cys dicobalt(III) complexes were converted to the corresponding tricobalt(III) complexes by electrochemical reduction, accompanied by the release of the Co(II) ion and dien ligand. It was also elucidated that this conversion occurred with a retention of configuration.
Selective Formation and Characterization of Oxorhenium(V) Complexes with 2-Methylquinolin-8-ylamido (Hamq). Interconversion between [ReOX2(Hamq)(PPh3)] and [ReOX2(Hamq)(OPPh3)] (X = Cl, Br)
Authors: Ohashi Tetuya , Miyashita Yoshitaro , Yamada Yasunori , Fujisawa Kiyoshi , Okamoto Ken-ichi 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
The reactions of Re(V) precursors [ReOX3(PPh3)2] (X = Cl, Br) with 8-amino-2-methylquinoline (H2amq) gave [ReOX2(Hamq)(PPh3)] (X = Cl, 1; Br, 2) as major products and [ReOX2(Hamq)(OPPh3)] (X = Cl, 3; Br, 4) as minor products. 3 and 4 were also obtained from the reaction of 1 and 2 with an excess of free OPPh3 ligand. The crystal structures of 1, 3, and 4 were determined by X-ray analyses. These complex molecules have a distorted octahedral geometry. The Re=O bond in 1 occupies the trans position to the amido N atom of the partially deprotonated H2amq ligand. Its distance (1.724(4) Å) is long due to the trans influence of the amido N atom. The Re=O bonds in 3 and 4 occupy the trans position to the O atom of the OPPh3 ligand, indicating a geometrical conversion during the ligand substitution reaction. Some intramolecular and/or intermolecular stacking interactions are also observed in the crystalline state. All complexes were characterized in the solid state by IR, far-IR, diffuse reflectance, and 31P{1H} CP-MAS NMR spectra. From UV-vis absorption and 31P{1H} NMR spectra, it was indicated that the PPh3 and OPPh3 ligands in 1–4 are released in solution.
Study of Intermolecular Interaction for the Spin-Crossover Iron(II) Compounds
Authors: Hayami Shinya , Kawajiri Ryo , Juhász Gergely , Kawahara Takayoshi , Hashiguchi Koichiro , Sato Osamu , Inoue Katsuya , Maeda Yonezo 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
The thermal spin transitions of iron(II) spin-crossover compounds [Fe(PM-iPA)2(NCS)2] (1) and [Fe(PM-iPA)2(NCSe)2] (2) (PM-iPA = N-(2′-pyridylmethyl)-isopropylamine) have occurred at T1/2 = 267 K and 376 K without thermal hysteresis. No light-induced excited spin state trapping (LIESST) effect was observed for compounds 1 and 2 even at 5 K. The iron(II) spin-crossover compounds [Fe(PM-L)2(NCX)2] (PM-A = N-(2′-pyridylmethyl)-aniline, PM-BiA = N-(2′-pyridylmethyl)-4-aminobiphenyl, PM-TeA = N-(2′-pyridylmethyl)-4-aminoterphenyl, PM-PEA = N-(2′-pyridylmethyl)-4-(phenylethynyl)aniline, and PM-AzA = N-(2′-pyridylmethyl)-4-(phenylazo)aniline; X = S and Se) with ligands having π-systems have exhibited the LIESST effect, and the critical LIESST temperature, Tc(LIESST), has been observed. The compounds 1 and 2 are crystallized at Pnna and C2/c at 298 K, respectively, and the space groups of the compounds remained unchanged until 100 K, although the compounds show the spin transition. The molecular packing structure and thermodynamic parameters of the spin transitions calculated from the magnetic susceptibility curves suggest that compounds 1 and 2 have no strong intermolecular interactions between the complexes, while the compounds with π-system ligands form π–π intra- and intermolecular interactions between the ligands. Our conclusion is that the intermolecular interactions play an important role in trapping a light-induced metastatble state.
A New Class of S-Bridged CoIIIMCoIII (M = NiII, PdII) Trinuclear Complexes with Mixed Aliphatic and Aromatic Thiolate Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, and Stereochemistry
Authors: Hirotsu Masakazu , Endo Ryota , Yoshimura Takashi , Konno Takumi 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
Treatments of a mixture of CoCl2·6H2O, HL (Hpyt = 2-pyridinethiol, Hpymt = 2-pyrimidinethiol), and triethylamine with [Ni(aet)2] (aet = 2-aminoethanethiolate) in methanol led to the isolation of novel S-bridged CoIIINiIICoIII trinuclear complexes, [Ni{Co(aet)2(pyt)}2]2+ ([1]2+) and [Ni{Co(aet)2(pymt)}2]2+ ([2]2+), in which a NiII ion is coordinated by four aet S atoms from two tris(thiolato)-type [Co(aet)2(pyt or pymt)] units. The NiII ion in both [1]2+ and [2]2+ was replaced by a PdII ion through the reaction with Na2[PdCl4] in water, giving the corresponding CoIIIPdIICoIII trinuclear complexes, [Pd{Co(aet)2(pyt)}2]2+ ([3]2+) and [Pd{Co(aet)2(pymt)}2]2+ ([4]2+). The related CoIIIPdIICoIII trinuclear complexes composed of one [Co(aet)2(pyt or pymt)] and one [Co(aet)2(en)]+ units, [Pd{Co(aet)2(pyt)}{Co(aet)2(en)}]3+ ([5]3+) and [Pd{Co(aet)2(pymt)}{Co(aet)2(en)}]3+ ([6]3+), were also prepared by the reactions of a 1:1 mixture of [Ni{Co(aet)2(pyt or pymt)}2]2+ and [Ni{Co(aet)2(en)}2]4+ with Na2[PdCl4] in water, followed by the column chromatographic separation. The electronic absorption, CD, and NMR spectroscopies indicated that these CoIIIMCoIII trinuclear complexes produce only the racemic (ΔΔ⁄ΛΛ) isomer, in which each [Co(aet)2(pyt or pymt)] unit adopts a mer(S) configuration with two aet N atoms at the apical positions. For [1]2+, [2]2+, [3]2+, and [4]2+, another geometrical isomerism of syn–anti, which arises from the arrangement of the two terminal pyt or pymt S atoms, was identified.
Optical Properties of an Azobenzene Based Octupolar Near-IR Dye
Authors: Sengupta Saumitra , Sadhukhan Subir Kumar 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
Based on an azobenzene derived octupolar scaffold, a trigonally symmetric near-IR dye 4 (λmax 995 nm) has been prepared from common starting materials. The dye showed a pH dependent as well as a solvent dependent absorption behavior.
Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions of 3H-Pyrazole Derivatives. Formation of Solvent Adduct by Specific Sensitizer
Authors: Karatsu Takashi , Shiochi Nobuo , Aono Takumi , Miyagawa Nobukazu , Kitamura Akihide 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
3H-pyrazoles were photolyzed in the presence of 2,4,6-triphenylpyrylium tetrafluoroborate (TPP+) or 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA) as a sensitizer. The obtained products were different depending on the sensitizers employed. The cyclopropene derivatives were produced in the cases of the DCA and TPP+ sensitizations and a solvent adduct was obtained for the TPP+ sensitization reaction. The difference in products is explained by the rates of the back electron transfer from the electron accepted sensitizers to the radical cation intermediates. In the DCA sensitization, the absorption band of the diazoalkene was observed but in the TPP+ sensitization it was not observed. From these results, it is apparent that the back electron transfer rates of the DCA sensitization reactions are faster than those of the TPP+ sensitization reactions.
Metallation Reactions on 2,2′-Bis(diphenylphosphinoyl)-1,1′-binaphthyl [BINAP(O)2]
Authors: Widhalm Michael , Mereiter Kurt 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
The behavior of BINAP(O)2 upon treatment with lithium or magnesium amides under various conditions has been studied. With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinomagnesium bromide, the ortho positions of opposed phenyl rings were selectively metallated, forming stable intermediates, while the use of lithium amides caused rearrangements with displacement of one diphenylphosphinoyl group and the formation of strained P-heterocycles (2, 5, 6) with unusual architectures. Monophosphine oxides 2 and 3a have been reduced to phosphines 13 and 14 in good yield, while substituted BINAP(O)2 derivatives failed to give the desired diphosphines. The stereochemistry of six phosphine oxides (2, 3a, 5, 8, 9, 11a) and one phosphine (13) has been elucidated by crystal structure determinations.
Preparation and Magnetic Properties of Radical Anion Salts Derived from Styrylpyryliums and the Corresponding Photo-Dimers
Authors: Nakatsuji Shin′ichi , Ogawa Yuya , Akutsu Hiroki , Yamada Jun-ichi 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
The preparation and magnetic properties of organic radical anion salts derived from styrylpyrylium derivatives 1a and 2a are described and compared to those of the corresponding photo-dimers. The magnetic properties of the radical anions for TCNQ salt 1b and TCNQF4 salt 1c are rather different, showing antiferromagnetic interactions based on the 1-D Heisenberg model in the former, and ferromagnetic interactions in the latter. This difference is considered to be a result of the fairly large difference in their crystal structures. A considerable change in the magnetic properties was found between the radical anion salts of monomers and the corresponding photo-dimers, in which magnetic susceptibilities are largely diminished.
Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Homoallylic Amine Derivatives in the Presence of a Copper Co-catalyst
Authors: Mizutani Takanori , Ukaji Yutaka , Inomata Katsuhiko 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
γ-Lactams were synthesized from N-tosylhomoallylamines by a carbonylation reaction catalyzed by palladium and copper salts under the normal pressure of CO and O2 at room temperature. Monocarbonylation proceeded by the use of [PdCl2(CH3CN)2] and CuCl2 to afford 3-methyl-2-pyrrolidones, while the use of PdCl2 and CuCl switched the reaction from monocarbonylation to dicarbonylation to produce alkyl 2-oxopyrrolidine-3-acetate in good yields, respectively.
Convenient Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate Derivatives and 4-Oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylates
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Nakahashi Ryoji , Mano Masaaki , Morikawa Osamu , Konishi Hisatoshi 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
A magnesium amide-induced sequential conjugate addition/Claisen-type condensation between methyl 2-(methylamino)benzoate and α,β-unsaturated carboxylates has been found to provide convenient access to 4-hydroxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate derivatives and 4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylates.
Preparation and Structural Characterization of Bis[tris(trimethylsilyl)germyl]zinc, [(Me3Si)3Ge]2Zn
Authors: Nanjo Masato , Oda Takashi , Mochida Kunio 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
Bis[tris(trimethylsilyl)germyl]zinc, [(Me3Si)3Ge]2Zn, was prepared by the reaction of [tris(trimethylsilyl)germyl]lithium, (Me3Si)3GeLi(thf), with zinc chloride, ZnCl2, and by the reaction of tris(trimethylsilyl)germane, (Me3Si)3GeH, with diethylzinc, Et2Zn. The molecular structure of [(Me3Si)3Ge]2Zn was determined by spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction methods. In [(Me3Si)3Ge]2Zn, the two tris(trimethylsilyl)germyl ligands, (Me3Si)3Ge, are bonded in a linear fashion to the zinc atom and are staggered with respect to each other. The reactions of bis(germyl)zinc with substrates were also examined.
Sequential Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Synthesized from Polyester Based Polyurethane and Poly(butyl methacrylate)
Authors: Athawale Vilas D , Pillay Priti S 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
In this article we review the synthesis and morphology as well as the physical and mechanical properties of full- and semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) obtained from polyester based polyurethane (PU) and poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA). The polyurethane was subsequently interpenetrated with butyl methacrylate monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker by radical polymerization using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. Both full and semi IPNs (PU/PBMA IPNs) were obtained as soft films when cast in a glass mold. All PU/PBMA IPNs were characterized with respect to the swelling (%), apparent densities, thermal stability, morphology and mechanical properties. The morphology of the IPNs was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The effects of variations of the blend ratios on the above-mentioned properties were examined. Increasing the polyurethane component in the composite system notably increased the mechanical properties of all the IPNs. Full-IPNs exhibited higher apparent densities, mechanical properties and thermal stability than the corresponding semi-IPNs.
Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructured Electrodes by Electrophoretically Co-deposition of Pd and Pt Nanoparticles
Authors: Lai Long-Biao , Chen Dong-Hwang , Huang Ting-Chia 
Published: June 2003

Abstract
A novel Pd-doped Pt/Ti nanostructured electrode was prepared by the electrophoretic co-deposition of Pt and Pd nanoparticles on a Ti support in a reverse micellar solution of water/Aerosol OT/isooctane, followed by a heat treatment in air at 400 °C. The total catalyst loading (Pt and Pd) was fixed at 0.015 mmol/cm2, referred to the geometric area. The crystal structure, surface morphology, and elemental distribution of the resultant electrode were characterized by XRD, SEM, and SEM-WDS, respectively. The surface composition and electrocatalytic activity of the electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry in a solution of 0.5 M H2SO4 and a mixed solution of 0.1 M CH3OH and 1.0 M NaOH, respectively. The composition on the electrode surface could be controlled by adjusting the composition of the electrodeposition solution. Also, with increasing the Pd content on the electrode surface, the electrocatalytic activity of the Pd-doped Pt/Ti nanostructured electrodes for the oxidation of CH3OH first increased, and then decreased after reaching a maximum at a surface composition of 20 atom % Pd. When the Pd content on the electrode surface was larger than 60%, the electrocatalytic activity of the Pd-doped Pt/Ti nanostructured electrode was lower than that of the Pt/Ti electrode because most active sites were occupied by the relatively inactive Pd. This result revealed that the activity enhancement or diminution resulted from the doping of Pd in Pt at an atomic level might be achieved via the interaction between Pt and Pd nanoparticles. In addition, at a surface composition of 20 atom % Pd, the current density at 25 °C was 55 mA/cm2, revealing that the resultant electrode had a rather high current density and specific activity.