bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology everywhere! But who’s got the time? The influence of time pressures on technology integration in Australian secondary mathematics
Authors: Zunica Ben 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOver the past 30 years, teachers have been urged to increase their use of digital technology in the classroom. However, mathematics teachers have been slow to integrate ICT, even though mathematics is naturally aligned with technology. While researchers have documented a variety of time and other related factors that contribute to this resistance, there has been little in-depth analysis of teacher reasoning that inhibits technology integration in mathematics. This article presents four case studies of secondary mathematics teachers employed in Australian schools that investigates the adverse effects of time pressures in not only inhibiting a teacher’s desire to use technology but removing as an option altogether. Data was collected in the form of interviews, lesson planning documentation and notes from observation lessons. Thematic analysis was used to determine how time pressures inhibited participants ability to use technology in their pedagogy. Three time-related obstacles were identified. The first was a lack of time to prepare lessons, the second was content-laden syllabuses and finally, the need to prepare students for traditional assessments. Participants claimed that these obstacles often proved too great to overcome, causing them to abandon any use of technology. This article argues that when the obstacles to technology integration are perceived as too difficult to overcome, it is not enough to provide poorly targeted professional learning or encouragement to work harder to integrate technology. Rather, existing time pressures must be alleviated in terms of workload and syllabus demands if we want to remove the inhibitors to technology integration in mathematics.
MEGF-Net: multi-exposure generation and fusion network for vehicle detection under dim light conditions
Authors: Du Boyang , Du Congju , Yu Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVehicle detection in dim light has always been a challenging task. In addition to the unavoidable noise, the uneven spatial distribution of light and dark due to vehicle lights and street lamps can further make the problem more difficult. Conventional image enhancement methods may produce over smoothing or over exposure problems, causing irreversible information loss to the vehicle targets to be subsequently detected. Therefore, we propose a multi-exposure generation and fusion network. In the multi-exposure generation network, we employ a single gated convolutional recurrent network with two-stream progressive exposure input to generate intermediate images with gradually increasing exposure, which are provided to the multi-exposure fusion network after a spatial attention mechanism. Then, a pre-trained vehicle detection model in normal light is used as the basis of the fusion network, and the two models are connected using the convolutional kernel channel dimension expansion technique. This allows the fusion module to provide vehicle detection information, which can be used to guide the generation network to fine-tune the parameters and thus complete end-to-end enhancement and training. By coupling the two parts, we can achieve detail interaction and feature fusion under different lighting conditions. Our experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method is better than the state-of-the-art detection methods after image luminance enhancement on the ODDS dataset.
Advances in ablative treatment for human papillomavirus related cervical pre-cancer lesions
Authors: Xu Lili , Jiang Yanming , Zhao Renfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHPV infection is the primary cause of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), with persistent high-risk HPV infection being the leading factor in the development of cervical cancer. In addition to the application of large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) for the treatment of cervical pre-cancerous lesions, various ablative techniques, including thermal ablation, cryotherapy, carbon dioxide (CO2) laser therapy, and focused ultrasound therapy also play significant roles in the management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology of cervical HPV infection and discusses the ablative methods commonly used in clinical practice, along with their indication and contradiction, especially in women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. The aim is to identify safe and effective treatment strategies for treating cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, thereby avoiding under- or over-treatment, which may reduce the incidence and progression of cervical cancer through timely diagnosis and treatment.
A Tale of Two Cities: the intrinsic spatial logic of courier protests
Authors: Heiland Heiner 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProtests differ and so do protest outcomes. This is also the case in food delivery gig work, which is characterised by frequent labour unrest. Various cross-country analyses have pointed to the importance of the national context for the strategies and outcomes of courier protests. However, as the article shows, the protests already differ at the level of different cities. To analyse this, the study argues that the heterogeneity of protests in platform-mediated courier work is due to the spatially distinct logic of the respective cities. The research is based on two case studies of food delivery platforms in Germany, which were investigated with a mixed methods research design consisting of interviews, multi-sited ethnography and a survey. The findings show that the intrinsic logic of the two centres of courier protests studied (Cologne and Berlin) played a central role in the composition of the protesting groups, their strategies and subsequently the outcomes. However, it turns out that intrinsic logics are not homogeneous and in fact may exist in various forms, which can be complementary or in conflict with each other and are supported and realised by different social groups. In addition, the size of the cities also proves to be decisive for the dynamics of the protests.
Length functions in Teichmüller and anti-de Sitter geometry
Authors: Mazzoli Filippo , Viaggi Gabriele 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We establish a link between the behavior of length functions on Teichmüller space and the geometry of certain anti-de Sitter

$3$

-manifolds. As an application, we give new purely anti-de Sitter proofs of results of Teichmüller theory such as (strict) convexity of length functions along shear paths and geometric bounds on their second variation along earthquakes. Along the way, we provide shear-bend coordinates for GHMC anti-de Sitter

$3$

-manifolds.
Equidimensionality of universal pseudodeformation rings in characteristic p for absolute Galois groups of p-adic fields
Authors: Böckle Gebhard , Juschka Ann-Kristin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Let K be a finite extension of the p-adic field

${\mathbb {Q}}_p$

of degree d, let

${{\mathbb {F}}\,\!{}}$

be a finite field of characteristic p and let

${\overline {{D}}}$

be an n-dimensional pseudocharacter in the sense of Chenevier of the absolute Galois group of K over the field

${{\mathbb {F}}\,\!{}}$

. For the universal mod p pseudodeformation ring

${\overline {R}{{\phantom {\overline {\overline m}}}}^{\operatorname {univ}}_{{{\overline {{D}}}}}}$

of

${\overline {{D}}}$

, we prove the following: The ring

$\overline R_{{\overline {{D}}}}^{\mathrm {ps}}$

is equidimensional of dimension

$dn^2+1$

. Its reduced quotient

${\overline {R}{{\phantom {\overline {\overline m}}}}^{\operatorname {univ}}_{{{\overline {{D}}},{\operatorname {red}}}}}$

contains a dense open subset of regular points x whose associated pseudocharacter

${D}_x$

is absolutely irreducible and nonspecial in a certain technical sense that we shall define. Moreover, we will characterize in most cases when K does not contain a p-th root of unity the singular locus of

${\mathrm {Spec}}\ {\overline {R}{{\phantom {\overline {\overline m}}}}^{\operatorname {univ}}_{{{\overline {{D}}}}}}$

. Similar results were proved by Chenevier for the generic fiber of the universal pseudodeformation ring

${R{{\phantom {\overline {m}}}}^{\operatorname {univ}}_{{{\overline {D}}}}}$

of

${\overline {{D}}}$

.
‘Slaves’ and ‘Slave Owners’ or ‘Enslaved People’ and ‘Enslavers’?
Authors: Burns James Robert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStudies of slavery increasingly refer to ‘enslaved people’ rather than ‘slaves’, and, to a lesser extent, to ‘enslavers’ rather than ‘slave owners’. This trend began with scholarship in the United States on plantation slavery but has spread to other academic publications. Yet ‘slave’ continues to be widely used, indicating not everyone is aware of the change or agrees with it. Despite this, few historians have justified their terminology. After surveying the extent of the preference for ‘enslaved person’, I discuss arguments for and against it. Supporters of using ‘enslaved person’ argue that this term emphasises that a person was forced into slavery – but this emphasis means it is less able to accommodate early medieval cases where people sold themselves into slavery. The accompanying preference for ‘enslaver’ over ‘master’ obscures dynamics of ownership and manumission. In addition, ‘enslaved people’ and ‘enslaver’ do not necessarily bring us away from the perspective of slaveholders to the perspective of slaves. Nor are they essential for readers to appreciate the humanity of slaves. Overall, historians should use this issue as an opportunity to reflect on the extent to which scholarship of transatlantic slavery should set the terms of debate for slavery studies in general.
The impact of internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for perfectionism: a reinterpretation through the lens of the Model of Excellencism and Perfectionism
Authors: Gaudreau Patrick , Schellenberg Benjamin J. I. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground:Grieve et al. (2022) tested the effects of an intervention designed to reduce perfectionism. Contrary to their hypotheses, the intervention reduced both perfectionism and excellencism. Furthermore, excellencism positively correlated with negative outcomes (e.g. anxiety).Aims:A theory-driven framework (with five hypothetical scenarios) is proposed to reconsider how we interpret the effectiveness of interventions designed to reduce perfectionism. Our goal was to offer a constructive reinterpretation of the results of Grieve et al. (2022) using our new framework derived from the Model of Excellencism and Perfectionism.Method:Secondary data analyses using the experimental and correlational results are published in the randomized control trial of Grieve et al. (2022).Results:Our re-examination of the results reveals that excellencism was reduced by a smaller extent (approximately 25% less) than perfectionism. Based on our framework, such a ratio provides conclusive evidence for the effectiveness of this intervention. Students entered the intervention as perfectionists and they ended up somewhere between the zones of excellence striving and non-perfectionism. Furthermore, our multivariate re-analysis of the bivariate correlations indicates that excellence strivers experienced better adjustment (lower anxiety, depression, stress, body-related acceptance, and higher self-compassion) compared with perfectionists.Conclusion:Future interventions should target the reduction of perfectionism and the maintenance of excellencism because excellencism relates to desirable outcomes. Our secondary data analysis was needed to inform researchers and practitioners about an alternative interpretation of Grieve and colleagues’ findings. Future interventions to reduce perfectionism should closely monitor excellencism and follow the interpretational guidelines advanced in this article.
Designing and Curating EDI Book Displays at IALS
Authors: Percik David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article David Percik, Information Resources Manager at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, reports on a project at IALS to plan out and curate a series of book displays focusing on historically disadvantaged groups. He discusses how the themes of the displays were selected, the consequences of having two differing available spaces, and the work done by the library team to expand the displays beyond books on shelves.
Collection, distribution, characterization and utilization of Indigofera oblongifolia Forssk.: an important underutilized multi-use leguminous shrub of Indian hot arid region
Authors: Singh Jay Prakash , Patidar Anil , K Venkatesan , Kumar Mahesh , Swami Saurabh , Kumar Mahesh , R Saranya , Patil N. V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndigofera oblongifolia Forssk. locally known as ‘Goilia or Jhil’, is an important underutilized leguminous browse shrub for small ruminants in hot arid region of India and traditionally utilized for its medicinal value. Its irregular patchy distribution was observed in depression of rocky areas, bunds of farmer fields and along the depression on the road sides in Jaisalmer and Pali district during collection. Soil samples collected from Pali district have high level of pH and electrical conductivity as compared to Jaisalmer which indicates its suitability to saline areas. It exhibited good plant growth under Jodhpur conditions with respect to plant height (171.5 cm), number of branches (47.9) and canopy diameter (100–210 and 115–180 cm in north-south and east-west direction, respectively) after 12 months of planting in fields under protected condition. Morphological characterization showed the presence of high coefficient of variation (%) in the number of raceme per branch (27.3) followed by raceme length (22.9), pod length (21.0) and least in pod width (8.1). Phytochemical results revealed that leaves of I. oblongifolia contained considerable amounts of total phenols (31.44 mg g−1), flavonoids (29.73 mg g−1) and antioxidant capacity (6.26 FRU g−1) which make its suitability as a browse species to ruminants in rangelands. Along with these finding, its traditional knowledge and utilization are detailed in this paper as to hasten further research on its various aspects for its sustainable utilization in rangelands or in alternate land use systems in the Indian hot arid region.
Contextualizing discourses of climate delay: a response to Lamb et al. (2020)
Authors: Pflieger Géraldine , De Pryck Kari 
Published: November 2023

Non-technical summary
Individuals and institutions seeking to delay climate action use a variety of new discursive strategies, emphasizing the downsides, spreading fatalism, or betting on technological fixes. This commentary highlights the importance of context when investigating discourses of climate delay. Depending on who holds them and why, some discourses can take on different meanings, hinder or enhance climate action.

Technical summary
In this commentary, we propose a review of ‘Discourses of climate delay’ by Lamb et al. (2020). While we agree that discursive strategies of climate delay are taking new forms, we argue that such analysis should go beyond discourses and investigate the context in which they are enunciated to avoid oversimplifying the complexity of the debate about climate (in)action. Discourses, and the context in which they are enacted, hold an important place in climate deliberations and should be carefully analyzed from a multicultural perspective, open to social diversity.

Social media summary
Are all discourses of climate delay discourses of delay? Context matters when debating whether a discourse promotes (in)action.
Genetic variants of interferon-response factor 5 are associated with the incidence of chronic kidney disease: the D.E.S.I.R. study
Authors: Fumeron Frédéric , Velho Gilberto , Alzaid Fawaz , El Boustany Ray , Vandiedonck Claire , Bonnefond Amélie , Froguel Philippe , Potier Louis , Marre Michel , Balkau Beverley , Roussel Ronan , Venteclef Nicolas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInflammation has been associated with renal diseases. The Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF)-5 is a key transcription factor in the pro-inflammatory polarization of M1-like macrophages. GWAS have reported that the IRF5 locus is associated with autoimmune diseases and with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We study whether allelic variations in IRF5 are associated with the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a general population. We genotyped eleven IRF5 SNPs in the French D.E.S.I.R. cohort from the general population (n = 4820). Associations of SNPs with baseline renal parameters were assessed. Data were analyzed for three endpoints during a 9-year follow-up, incidence of:at least stage 3 CKD, the KDIGO criterion “certain drop in eGFR”, and incidence of micro/macro albuminuria. In the cross-sectional analysis, rs10954213 and rs10954214 were associated with eGFR and rs1874328 with urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR). Rs3807306, rs11761199, rs78658945, rs1874328, rs10954213 and rs11770589 were associated with the incidence of stage 3 CKD in multi-adjusted models. Rs4731532, rs3807306, and rs11761199 were associated with the incidence of CKD defined by the KDIGO. Rs4731532, rs3807306, rs11761199 and rs79288514 were associated with the incidence of micro/macro albuminuria. Our results support the hypothesis of the importance of IRF5 mediated macrophage polarization in the etiology of CKD.
Inflammatory macrophages reprogram to immunosuppression by reducing mitochondrial translation
Authors: Cortés Marlies , Brischetto Agnese , Martinez-Campanario M. C. , Ninfali Chiara , Domínguez Verónica , Fernández Sara , Celis Raquel , Esteve-Codina Anna , Lozano Juan J. , Sidorova Julia , Garrabou Gloria , Siegert Anna-Maria , Enrich Carlos , Pintado Belén , Morales-Ruiz Manuel , Castro Pedro , Cañete Juan D. , Postigo Antonio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcute inflammation can either resolve through immunosuppression or persist, leading to chronic inflammation. These transitions are driven by distinct molecular and metabolic reprogramming of immune cells. The anti-diabetic drug Metformin inhibits acute and chronic inflammation through mechanisms still not fully understood. Here, we report that the anti-inflammatory and reactive-oxygen-species-inhibiting effects of Metformin depend on the expression of the plasticity factor ZEB1 in macrophages. Using mice lacking Zeb1 in their myeloid cells and human patient samples, we show that ZEB1 plays a dual role, being essential in both initiating and resolving inflammation by inducing macrophages to transition into an immunosuppressed state. ZEB1 mediates these diverging effects in inflammation and immunosuppression by modulating mitochondrial content through activation of autophagy and inhibition of mitochondrial protein translation. During the transition from inflammation to immunosuppression, Metformin mimics the metabolic reprogramming of myeloid cells induced by ZEB1. Mechanistically, in immunosuppression, ZEB1 inhibits amino acid uptake, leading to downregulation of mTORC1 signalling and a decrease in mitochondrial translation in macrophages. These results identify ZEB1 as a driver of myeloid cell metabolic plasticity, suggesting that targeting its expression and function could serve as a strategy to modulate dysregulated inflammation and immunosuppression.
Target-dependent RNA polymerase as universal platform for gene expression control in response to intracellular molecules
Authors: Komatsu Shodai , Ohno Hirohisa , Saito Hirohide 
Published: November 2023

AbstractControlling gene expression in response to specific molecules is an essential technique for regulating cellular functions. However, current platforms with transcription and translation regulators have a limited number of detectable molecules to induce gene expression. Here to address these issues, we present a Target-dependent RNA polymerase (TdRNAP) that can induce RNA transcription in response to the intracellular target specifically recognized by single antibody. By substituting the fused antibody, we demonstrate that TdRNAPs respond to a wide variety of molecules, including peptides, proteins, RNA, and small molecules, and produce desired transcripts in human cells. Furthermore, we show that multiple TdRNAPs can construct orthogonal and multilayer genetic circuits. Finally, we apply TdRNAP to achieve cell-specific genome editing that is autonomously triggered by detecting the target gene product. TdRNAP can expand the molecular variety for controlling gene expression and provide the genetic toolbox for bioengineering and future therapeutic applications.
Sequence-based prediction of the intrinsic solubility of peptides containing non-natural amino acids
Authors: Oeller Marc , Kang Ryan J. D. , Bolt Hannah L. , Gomes dos Santos Ana L. , Weinmann Annika Langborg , Nikitidis Antonios , Zlatoidsky Pavol , Su Wu , Czechtizky Werngard , De Maria Leonardo , Sormanni Pietro , Vendruscolo Michele 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNon-natural amino acids are increasingly used as building blocks in the development of peptide-based drugs as they expand the available chemical space to tailor function, half-life and other key properties. However, while the chemical space of modified amino acids (mAAs) such as residues containing post-translational modifications (PTMs) is potentially vast, experimental methods for measuring the developability properties of mAA-containing peptides are expensive and time consuming. To facilitate developability programs through computational methods, we present CamSol-PTM, a method that enables the fast and reliable sequence-based prediction of the intrinsic solubility of mAA-containing peptides in aqueous solution at room temperature. From a computational screening of 50,000 mAA-containing variants of three peptides, we selected five different small-size mAAs for a total number of 37 peptide variants for experimental validation. We demonstrate the accuracy of the predictions by comparing the calculated and experimental solubility values. Our results indicate that the computational screening of mAA-containing peptides can extend by over four orders of magnitude the ability to explore the solubility chemical space of peptides and confirm that our method can accurately assess the solubility of peptides containing mAAs. This method is available as a web server at https://www-cohsoftware.ch.cam.ac.uk/index.php/camsolptm.
A silylene-stabilized ditin(0) complex and its conversion to methylditin cation and distannavinylidene
Authors: Du Shaozhi , Cao Fanshu , Chen Xi , Rong Hua , Song Haibin , Mo Zhenbo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to their intrinsic high reactivity, isolation of tin(0) complexes remains challenging. Herein, we report the synthesis of a silylene-stabilized ditin(0) complex (2) by reduction of a silylene-supported dibromostannylene (1) with 1 equivalent of magnesium (I) dimer in toluene. The structure of 2 was established by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Density Functional Theory calculations revealed that complex 2 bears a Sn=Sn double bond and one lone pair of electrons on each of the Sn(0) atoms. Remarkably, complex 2 is readily methylated to give a mixed-valent methylditin cation (4), which undergoes topomerization in solution though a reversible 1,2-Me migration along a Sn=Sn bond. Computational studies showed that the three-coordinate Sn atom in 4 is the dominant electrophilic center, and allows for facile reaction with KHBBus3 furnishing an unprecedented N-heterocyclic silylenes-stabilized distannavinylidene (5). The synthesis of 2, 4 and 5 demonstrates the exceptional ability of N-heterocyclic silylenes to stabilize low valent tin complexes.