bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile synthesis of magnetic ionic liquid with magnetic-tuning electrochemical performance
Authors: Gu Ning , Li Xiaolin , Gao Miao , Liu Zixuan , Liu Qichao , Cao Yang , Sun Youyi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

A new magnetic ionic liquid (MIL) based on 1-methylethyl ether-3-butylimidazole and [FeCl4]− is synthesized for application in electrolyte. It is found that the electrochemical performance of magnetic ionic liquid based mixed electrolyte can be improved by applying magnetic field. The enhanced electrochemical performance is attributed to the formation of microdomain in the mixed electrolyte under magnetic field. The ions of MIL can align along the direction of the magnetic field, providing the efficient transmission path for the migration of Li+ and Cl−. Under magnetic control, the MI-based electrolyte does not only retain its wide electrochemical window characteristics, but also solves the problem of limiting the high viscosity of IL as electrolyte. The work provides a new method to design and prepare high-performance electrolyte for various electrochemical applications.
Synergistic Commutative Algorithm for Securing Vector Spatial Data via GD-PBIBD Fingerprint Encoding and Data Encryption
Authors: Yan Qingbo , Yan Haowen , Zhang Liming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Vector spatial data, as the core element supporting business connectivity and facilitating intelligent decision-making, encounters escalating copyright and security challenges throughout its life cycle. There is an urgent demand for a comprehensive life cycle protection solution to ensure data security and compliance with copyright regulations. This article proposes an integrated protection scheme tailored for addressing copyright and security concerns in the full life cycle of vector spatial data. Initially, DNA encryption is applied to the vector spatial data, and the key is encrypted using the RSA public key. Simultaneously, the GD-PBIBD fingerprint encoding generates a fingerprint sequence. Logistic mapping is employed to scramble the sequence, and the quantization mechanism embeds the scrambled fingerprint sequence into coordinates. Subsequently, the RSA private key is utilized to decrypt the key and extract fingerprint information. Finally, Logistic mapping restores the fingerprint sequence, and Hamming distance calculation is employed to identify colluding users and track potential leakers. This research not only bridges the gap in full life cycle copyright and security protection for vector spatial data but also presents a holistic solution for the secure data circulation, demonstrating significant practical value.
Comparison of the efficacy of different fixation techniques in the treatment of Haraguchi type II posterior malleolar fractures associated with supination-external rotation
Authors: lu dongxing , Liu Qian , Wang ChaoFeng , Zhang Kun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the efficacy of different surgical fixation techniques in the treatment of Haraguchi type II posterior malleolar fractures associated with supination-external rotation.
Methods
A total of 163 patients with Haraguchi type II posterior malleolar fractures ( 44-B) were retrospectively enrolled in the study, of which 96 and 67 were treated with plates and screws, respectively. For these patients, imaging and clinical findings, functional status, visual analog scale(VAS) for pain, incidence of deep and superficial surgical site infections, intraoperative blood loss, and surgical duration were evaluated and compared.
Results
No significant differences were identified in American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery (AOFAS) scores or deep surgical site infections between the patients treated with plates and those treated with screws. Compared with the screw group, the plate group had more bleeding, a longer surgical duration, and a higher incidence of superficial infections (all cured by changing dressings). However, The plate group had an earlier time to full weight-bearing and a lower incidence of venous thrombosis of the lower extremity.
Conclusion
Both internal fixation techniques demonstrated good clinical outcomes. The plate group tolerated early weight-bearing training and had a lower incidence of venous thrombosis complications, compared with the screw group. The screw group underwent a less invasive operation and had a lower incidence of infection, making it a good choice for patients with unfavorable skin conditions.
Treatment algorithm for metastatic malignancies in the lower extremities
Authors: Hashimoto Kazuhiko , Nishimura Shunji , Ito Tomohiko , Kakinoki Ryosuke , Goto Koji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
A high prevalence of proximal femoral metastases persists in cancer patients, especially regarding lower extremity fractures. This study offers a detailed analysis of the clinical characteristics in patients undergoing surgical treatment for pathological or impending fractures, enhancing treatment strategies in metastatic malignancies.
Methods
Thirty patients who underwent treatment for impending and pathological fractures at our hospital were included. The retrospective study covered parameters such as age, sex, fracture site, type of primary malignancy, number of metastases, pre-fracture Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) score, adjuvant therapy, treatment modality, operative time, blood loss, postoperative complications, Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score, outcome, and follow-up period. We compared post-treatment MSTS scores in cases of impending and pathological fractures, and between intramedullary nailing and other surgical procedures. The one-year postoperative survival rate was also calculated. Furthermore, we compared the operative time, blood loss, and survival rates of impending and pathological fractures.
Results
Participants had a median age of 70.5 years, with disease sites primarily in the subtrochanteric femur, trochanteric femur, femoral diaphysis, femoral neck, and other locations. Pathologies included multiple myeloma, unknown primary, lung, breast, kidney, liver, gastric, esophageal, and uterine cancers. The median ECOG-PS score pre-fracture was 2. Treatment approaches involved radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and a combination of both. Surgical interventions included intramedullary nailing (16 cases), endoprosthesis (1 case), bipolar head replacement (3 cases), and compression hip screw (3 cases), among others. A negative correlation (r = -0.63) existed between MSTS and pre-fracture ECOG-PS scores. Operative time was significantly shorter in impending than pathological fractures, with impending fractures also showing significantly lower blood loss.
Conclusion
Our treatment algorithm for malignant bone tumors of the lower extremity was efficient, potentially optimizing treatment strategies for such cases, and contributing to improved patient care and outcomes in oncology and orthopedic surgery.
Implementation and External Validation of the Cambridge Multimorbidity Score in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Harrison Hannah , Ip Samantha , Renzi Cristina , Li Yangfan , Barclay Matthew , Usher-Smith Juliet , Lyratzopoulos Georgios , Wood Angela , Antoniou Antonis C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with multiple conditions present a growing challenge for healthcare provision. Measures of multimorbidity may support clinical management, healthcare resource allocation and accounting for the health of participants in purpose-designed cohorts. The recently developed Cambridge Multimorbidity scores (CMS) have the potential to achieve these aims using primary care records, however, they have not yet been validated outside of their development cohort.
Methods
The CMS, developed in the Clinical Research Practice Dataset (CPRD), were validated in UK Biobank participants whose data is not available in CPRD (the cohort used for CMS development) with available primary care records (n = 111,898). This required mapping of the 37 pre-existing conditions used in the CMS to the coding frameworks used by UK Biobank data providers. We used calibration plots and measures of discrimination to validate the CMS for two of the three outcomes used in the development study (death and primary care consultation rate) and explored variation by age and sex. We also examined the predictive ability of the CMS for the outcome of cancer diagnosis. The results were compared to an unweighted count score of the 37 pre-existing conditions.
Results
For all three outcomes considered, the CMS were poorly calibrated in UK Biobank. We observed a similar discriminative ability for the outcome of primary care consultation rate to that reported in the development study (C-index: 0.67 (95%CI:0.66–0.68) for both, 5-year follow-up); however, we report lower discrimination for the outcome of death than the development study (0.69 (0.68–0.70) and 0.89 (0.88–0.90) respectively). Discrimination for cancer diagnosis was adequate (0.64 (0.63–0.65)). The CMS performs favourably to the unweighted count score for death, but not for the outcomes of primary care consultation rate or cancer diagnosis.
Conclusions
In the UK Biobank, CMS discriminates reasonably for the outcomes of death, primary care consultation rate and cancer diagnosis and may be a valuable resource for clinicians, public health professionals and data scientists. However, recalibration will be required to make accurate predictions when cohort composition and risk levels differ substantially from the development cohort. The generated resources (including codelists for the conditions and code for CMS implementation in UK Biobank) are available online.
Quantitation and correlation of selected nutrients in the soil, foliar, stem and root of edible weed, Talinum Paniculatum around University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Authors: Achieng George O. , Omondi Reinner , Shikuku Victor O. , Okowa George M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The use of wild edible herbs as leafy vegetables is notably prevalent in South Africa, where they are commonly prepared as potherbs alongside cornmeal or incorporated into side dishes. However,Talinum Paniculatum (T. Paniculatum), a wild edible herb, remains relatively obscure and underappreciated compared to introduced non-native vegetables. It needs increased attention, given its status as a ubiquitous weed and its potential to meet daily human nutritional needs. This study aimed to assess the nutrient content in the soil, foliage, stem, and roots of the edible weedT. Paniculatumin the vicinity of the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Additionally, the study sought to establish correlations between nutrient levels in foliar and soil samples. Triplicates of plant matter and soil samples were collected from campus, roadside, and riverside sites, carefully prepared, and analyzed following the standardized protocols. Results were compared against FAO/WHO standard limits to determine compliance status. Notably, compliant levels of Fe, Cu, Zn, and Na were observed in the foliar samples across all three sampling sites. However, levels of Ca and K fell within tolerable limits only in campus and riverside samples, respectively. It is noteworthy, that the foliar samples exhibited an average gross calorific value of 0.6561 kcal/g. Conversely, levels of Mn, Mg, and Pb exceeded permissible limits as stipulated by standards. Soil analysis revealed that pH, Fe, Cu (except in campus samples), Mn, Zn, and Pb were within permissible limits. Nevertheless, concentrations of Ca, Na, Mg, and K surpassed tolerable levels. This comprehensive examination sheds light on the nutritional potential ofT. Paniculatum, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and harnessing the benefits of this underutilized wild edible herb.
A foundation for comparative genomics and evolutionary studies in Nucella lapillus based on complete mitogenome assembly
Authors: Garcia-Souto Daniel , Fernández-Rodríguez Jonathan , Vidal-Capón André , Fuller Neil , Pasantes Juan J , Galindo Juan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The Atlantic Whelk, Nucella lapillus, is a marine snail that exhibits divergent evolution in response to habitat adaptation, resulting in distinct populations at the phenotypic, genotypic, and karyotypic levels. In this study, we utilized short- and long-read NGS data to perform a de novo assembly of the entire mitochondrial genome of N. lapillus and developed a multiplex PCR protocol to sequence most of its length using ONT sequencing. Our analysis revealed a typical circular configuration of 16,490 bp in length with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 different tRNA genes, two of them showing two copies, 2 rRNA genes, and a control region. Long-read sequencing enabled us to identify a 1,826 bp perfect inverted repeat within the control region. Comparative analysis of the mitogenomes of related species in the Muricidae family revealed a conserved gene configuration for N. lapillus. We found a low genetic diversity, as well as a moderate genetic differentiation among the studied populations. Interestingly, there was no observed differentiation between the two chromosomal races, indicating that introgression of either mitochondrial DNA haplotype and substitution could be responsible for the observed pattern. Our study serves as a foundation for comparative genomics and evolutionary investigations in this species.
Real-world outcomes of the efficacy and safety of polatuzumab vedotin combination regimen in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Shi Yuanfei , Xu Yi , Wan Jinghan , Zheng Xiaolong , Li Xueying , Jin Jie , Tong Hongyan , Xie Wanzhuo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), with approximately 60% of patients being successfully treated with R-CHOP therapy. However, a significant proportion, around 40%-45%, do not respond to initial treatment or experience relapse, leading to a poor prognosis for this patient group. Therefore, the exploration of targeted drugs and combination therapies is crucial. Among these options, polatuzumab vedotin (Pola), an anti-CD79B antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), shows promise and plays a significant role in combination therapy. Two of the most promising combination regimens involving Pola-bendamustine and rituximab (Pola-BR) and Pola-rituximab + cyclophosphamide + doxorubicin/epirubicin + prednisone (Pola-RCHP). We aim to analyze the efficacy and safety of Pola combined with BR and Pola combined with R-CHP in the treatment of relapsed/refractory DLBCL (R/R DLBCL).
Methods This retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the Pola-based combination regimen at our center during the period from May 1, 2023, to September 30, 2023. Eligible participants were patients with R/R DLBCL, with Ann Arbor stages 3-4, aged between 36 to 88 years, and who had previously undergone at least one standard chemotherapy regimen. We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 19 patients who were enrolled in our center during the specified period, consisting of 11 males and 8 females. The median age of these patients was 65 years, with an age range of 36 to 88 years. Out of the 19 patients, 13 were treated with Pola-BR, while 6 received Pola-R-CHP. We examined various clinical characteristics, medication regimens, treatment efficacy, and the occurrence of adverse reactions. The primary objective of this study is to investigate and understand the factors contributing to adverse events in both the Pola-BR and Pola-R-CHP treatment groups.
Results As of September 30, 2023, in the efficacy evaluation of 19 patients, the overall response rate (ORR) was 68.4% (13/19), and the complete response (CR) rate was 52.6% (10/19). Progression-free survival (PFS) with a median follow-up of 45 days showed that 3 cases (12%) experienced disease progression. When comparing the Pola-RCHP group to the Pola-BR group, a lower incidence of adverse reactions was observed. The primary adverse event reported was pulmonary infection, with 38.5% (5/13) occurring in the Pola-BR group and 16.7% (1/6) in the Pola-R-CHP group. It’s worth noting that no severe pneumonia cases occurred in either group.
Conclusion Compared to the traditional R-CHOP regimen, the combination of Pola with BR/RCHP appears to offer superior therapeutic efficacy and more promising prospects for the treatment of patients with R/R DLBCL.
Participant approach model in a basin: A case study from Turkey
Authors: Yazıcı Nilüfer , Gülçelik Mustafa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The Beyşehir Lake Basin, which is the study area, is the second largest sub-basin within the Konya province, located southwest of the Konya Closed Basin in terms of surface by 7,308 km2. Some basin characteristics such as slope, elevation classes, land use, aspect groups, land capability class, erosion status were examined by a Geographic Information System. The aims of the study were to determine the problems and the requests and suggestions of the people living in the basin, and to reveal the needs and deficiencies. For these purposes, the current and potential situation of the basin was evaluated using a holistic evaluation approach, which represents the most important of the watershed management principles, and the solutions were concluded in the light of the findings of the study. Migration, inadequacy of agricultural activities, lack of pasture areas for livestock activities, lack and neglect of irrigation water and irrigation infrastructure, lack of basic infrastructure such as village roads, and soil losses due to lack of erosion structures were the most obvious problems of the basin based on the results of the Ask–Find–Resolve analyses.
Three-dimensional simulation of the influence of different flotation media in the dissolved air flotation tank through the population balance model
Authors: Li Jingming , Zhang Zhenyu , Wang Yadi , Huang Zhaodong , Xu Jiahui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Gas–liquid flow in the dissolved air flotation (DAF) tank was studied through computational fluid dynamics through the realizable k-ε model and the population balance model (PBM) to predict the gas content of different flotation mediums (air, carbon dioxide, and chlorine) at different heights of the separation zone in the DAF tank. Simultaneously, a particular focus was placed on studying the effects of bubble aggregation and breakage on gas content. The results indicated that there were virtually no bubbles present in the region below 0.1 m of the separation zone. The gas content in the separation zone could meet the needs for gas content in the DAF tank when all these three gases were adopted as flotation medium. The introduction of models for bubble aggregation and breakage resulted in lower gas content at the bottom of the separation zone and higher gas content at the top, aligning more closely with experimental data. Due to the structural similarity and similar physicochemical characteristics of carbon dioxide and water molecules, the impact of bubble aggregation and breakage on the gas content is minimal.
Targeted Delivery of Peptide Nucleic Acid by Biomimetic Nanoparticles based on Extracellular Vesicle-coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Wei , Lai Qingteng , Zhang Yanke , Mo Long , Liu Zhengchun 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) plays an important role in antimicrobial
activity, but its cellular permeability is poor. To overcome this limitation, we
constructed biomimetic nanoparticles by using extracellular vesicle (EV)-coated mesoporous
silicon nanoparticles (MSNs) to deliver PNA to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)
and improve its antisense therapeutic effect.

Methods:
MSN was prepared by the sol-gel method, and EV was extracted by affinity
resin chromatography. EV was coated on MSN by simple sonication (50 W, 3 mins) to
prepare biomimetic nanoparticles with PNA-loaded MSN as the core and EV isolated
from S. aureus as the shell.

Results:
The MSN prepared by the sol-gel method had a uniform particle size (100 nm)
and well-defined pore size for loading PNA with good encapsulation efficiency
(62.92%) and drug loading (7.74%). The concentration of EV extracted by affinity resin
chromatography was about 1.74 mg/mL. EV could be well coated on MSN through simple
ultrasonic treatment (50 W, 3 mins), and the stability and blood compatibility of MSN@
EV were good. Internalization experiments showed that EV could selectively enhance
the uptake of biomimetic nanoparticles by S. aureus. Preliminary in vitro antibacterial
tests revealed that PNA@MSN@EV exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity
against S. aureus and had stronger bactericidal activity than free PNA and PNA@MSN
at equivalent PNA concentrations (8 μM).

Conclusion:
Biomimetic nanoparticles based on EV-coated MSN offer a new strategy
to improve the efficacy of PNA for the treatment of bacterial infections, and the technology
holds promise for extension to the delivery of antibiotics that are traditionally minimally
effective or prone to resistance.
An Update of Extracellular Vesicle Involvement in Different Steps of
Cancer Metastasis and Targeting Strategies
Authors: Mortezaee Keywan , Majidpoor Jamal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Cancer metastasis is the deadliest event in tumorigenesis. Despite extensive
research, there are still unsolved challenges regarding early metastasis detection and targeting strategies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their impact on tumorigenic-related
events are in the eye of current investigations. EVs represent a plethora of biomarkers
and information, and they are considered key determinants in tumor progression and for
tumor prognosis and monitoring. EVs are one of the key mediators for inter-cellular
communications between tumor cells and their nearby stroma. They are involved in different steps of metastasis from invasion toward formation of pre-metastatic niches
(PMNs), and final growth and colonization of tumor cells in desired organ/s of the target. Membrane components of EVs and their cargo can be traced for the identification of
tumor metastasis, and their targeting is a promising strategy in cancer therapy. In this review, we aimed to discuss the current understanding of EV-based metastatic predilection in cancer, providing updated information about EV involvement in different metastatic steps and suggesting some strategies to hamper this devastating condition.
Outage Performance of Underlay CR-NOMA-based D2D Communications
under Imperfect CSI and SIC
Authors: Ad Meriem , Khelil Abdellatif 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising technique for improving
wireless communication performance in the future. In addition to NOMA, cognitive radio
(CR) is another technology that can address the issue of limited spectrum availability and meet the
increasing demands for wireless connectivity.

Methods:
This paper focuses on investigating underlay CR-NOMA-based D2D communications.
The study assumes a decode-and-forward (DF) mode used in the system, where nearby users (D1,
D2) act as helper users to assist distant users (D3, D4). The paper derives the closed-form expressions
for outage probability (OP) and throughput at the far users in three scenarios: (1) Perfect successive
interference cancellation (SIC) and perfect channel state information (CSI), (2) Imperfect CSI, and
(3) Imperfect SIC.

Results:
In CR-NOMA mode, the results indicate that the performance of user D4 was better than
user D3. Additionally, the OP performance of distant users employing CR-NOMA mode surpasses
that of users using CR-OMA mode. The optimal power allocation (PA) values are investigated.

Conclusion:
The presence of imperfect CSI and SIC has an unfavorable influence on the outage performance.
Monte Carlo simulations are used to validate the derived analytical expressions.