bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnolin alleviated DSS‐induced colitis by inhibiting ALOX5‐mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Yao Ting , Yao Yuan‐Yuan , Wang Jin‐Zhi , Jiang Shi‐Man , Li Lan‐Juan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and incurable disorder associated with higher cancer risk and currently faces unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. Ferroptotic cells secrete damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that recruit and activate immune cells, particularly macrophages. Magnolin has excellent antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, but its effect on IBD has not yet been clearly understood. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of magnolin in IBD. For this purpose, in vivo and in vitro colitis models were established using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), followed by optimization of magnolin concentration 2.5 μg/mL in vitro and 5 mg/kg in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis identified potential magnolin target sites and evaluated ferroptosis‐associated gene expressions. Body weight, food intake, disease activity index (DAI), pathological changes, and inflammation levels were assessed. The effect of magnolin on ferroptosis and macrophages was evaluated using quantitative real time‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometry, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blotting. Results indicated that magnolin at a lower dose (5 mg/kg) alleviated DSS‐induced colitis symptoms and reduced inflammation in mice. The bioinformatics analysis showed arachidonate 5‐lipoxygenase (ALOX5) as a potential magnolin target. Furthermore, magnolin inhibited the expression of ALOX5 with no effect on GPX4. Moreover, magnolin regulated macrophage differentiation into the M2 phenotype and suppressed pro‐inflammatory factors, that is, interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α (IL‐6 and TNFα). These results suggested that magnolin possesses significant therapeutic potential in treating IBD by suppressing ALOX5‐mediated ferroptosis, inhibiting M1 while promoting M2 macrophages, which is envisaged to provide novel strategies for treating IBD.
Mass‐Spectrometric Identification of Proteins and Pathways Responsible for Fouling on Poly(ethylene glycol) Methacrylate Polymer Brushes
Authors: Riedelová Zuzana , de los Santos Pereira Andres , Dorado Daza Diego Fernando , Májek Pavel , Dyčka Filip , Riedel Tomáš 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrevention of fouling from proteins in blood plasma attracts significant efforts, and great progress is made in identifying surface coatings that display antifouling properties. In particular, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is widely used and dense PEG‐like cylindrical brushes of poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate] (poly(OEGMA)) can drastically reduce blood plasma fouling. Herein, a comprehensive study of the variation of blood plasma fouling on this surface, including the analysis of the composition of protein deposits on poly(OEGMA) coatings after contact with blood plasma from many different donors, is reported. Correlation between the plasma fouling behavior and protein deposit composition points to the activation of the complement system as the main culprit of dramatically increased and accelerated deposition of blood plasma proteins on this type of antifouling coating, specifically through the classical pathway. These findings are consistent with observations on PEGylated drug carriers and highlight the importance of understanding the potential interactions between antifouling coatings and their environment.
Directly using H2S to Synthesize Crystalline Poly(thioether‐ester)s via Organocatalysis
Authors: Liu Ziheng , Xia Yanni , Guo Wenqi , Zhang Chengjian , Zhang Xinghong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe direct utilization of H2S in polymerization is rarely reported. Here step polymerization of H2S and diacrylates using commercially available organic bases as the catalysts is reported. Poly(thioether‐ester)s are successfully synthesized in an atom‐economical way, as confirmed by 1H NMR spectra, and the molecular weights of these poly(thioether‐ester)s can be up to 64.7 kDa as determined by the gel permeation chromatography, which also shows the polymerization of H2S with diacrylates is stepwise manner. The calculation results show that H2S is first deprotonated by organic base, and the generated HS‐ attacks the double bond of diacrylates through anionic Michael addition, to form the intermediate with double bond and ─SH ends or two ─SH ends (slight excess H2S used). The continuous self‐Michael addition of the polymer species with double bond and ─SH ends is the main manner for chain growth. The resultant polymers exhibit tensile strength and elongation at breaks of as high as 21.6 MPa and 1031%, respectively and can be chemically recycled. This work provides a facile and atom‐economical method to produce sulfur‐containing polymers by directly using commercially available H2S.
Using large language models to generate silicon samples in consumer and marketing research: Challenges, opportunities, and guidelines
Authors: Sarstedt Marko , Adler Susanne J. , Rau Lea , Schmitt Bernd 
Published: February 2024

AbstractShould consumer researchers employ silicon samples and artificially generated data based on large language models, such as GPT, to mimic human respondents' behavior? In this paper, we review recent research that has compared result patterns from silicon and human samples, finding that results vary considerably across different domains. Based on these results, we present specific recommendations for silicon sample use in consumer and marketing research. We argue that silicon samples hold particular promise in upstream parts of the research process such as qualitative pretesting and pilot studies, where researchers collect external information to safeguard follow‐up design choices. We also provide a critical assessment and recommendations for using silicon samples in main studies. Finally, we discuss ethical issues of silicon sample use and present future research avenues.
A novel intronic variant causing aberrant splicing identified in two deaf Chinese siblings with enlarged vestibular aqueducts
Authors: Wang Suyang , Zhu Yi‐Ming , Xu ChenYang , Ding Wenjuan , Jia Hui , Bian Panpan , Xu Baicheng , Guo Yufen , Liu Xiaowen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the genotype–phenotype relationship in two Chinese family members with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA).MethodsWe collected blood samples and clinical data from each pedigree family member. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral leukocytes using standard methods. Targeted next‐generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed to find the pathogenic mutation in this family. Minigene assays were used to verify whether the novel intronic mutation SLC26A4c.765+4A>G influenced mRNA splicing.ResultsHearing loss in the patients with EVA was diagnosed using auditory tests and imaging examinations. Two pathogenic mutations, c.765+4A>G and c.919‐2A>G were detected in SLC26A4. In vitro minigene analysis confirmed that c.765+4A>G variant could cause aberrant splicing, resulting in skipping over exon 6.ConclusionsThe SLC26A4c.765+4A>G mutation is the causative variant in the Chinese family with EVA. Particular attention should be paid to intronic variants.
Oculocutaneous albinism type 4: Novel compound heterozygous mutations in the SLC45A2 gene in a Chinese case
Authors: He Danyue , Liu Xiaonan , Yao Tianyu , Hu Jie , Zheng Xiaodong , Tang Lili , Fan Xing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundOculocutaneous albinism type 4 (OCA4) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a reduction of pigmentation in skin, hair, and eyes, and OCA4 is mainly seen in the SLC45A2 gene variants.ObjectiveTo report a Chinese patient suspected of oculocutaneous albinism and identify the causing mutation.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood samples of the patient, his parents, and elder brother. Whole exome sequencing was performed in the family, and Sanger sequencing was then used to verify the mutations.ResultsCompound heterozygous variants, c.1304C>A (p.S435Y) and c.301C>G (p.R101G) in SLC45A2 gene, were detected in the proband, which were inherited from his father and mother respectively. Based on the ACMG guidelines, we can interpret the c.1304C>A (p.S435Y) variant as a suspected pathogenic variant and the c.301C>G (p.R101G) variant as a clinically significant unspecified variant. The diagnosis of OCA4 is confirmed.ConclusionWe firstly reported this case of OCA4 with the compound heterozygous variants in the SLC45A2 gene. Our findings further enrich the reservoir of SLC45A2 mutations in OCA4.
Allicin Promotes Glucose Uptake by Activating AMPK through CSE/H2S‐Induced S‐Sulfhydration in a Muscle‐Fiber Dependent Way in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Li Kelin , Uyanga Victoria A. , Wang Xiaojuan , Jiao Hongchao , Zhao Jingpeng , Zhou Yunlei , Li Haifang , Lin Hai 
Published: February 2024

ScopeAllicin, a product of enzymatic reaction when garlic is injured, plays an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in mammals. However, the effect of allicin on glucose homeostasis in the state of insulin resistance remains to be elucidated. This study investigates the effect of allicin on glucose metabolism using different muscle fibers in a chicken model.Methods and resultsDay‐old male Arbor Acres broilers are randomly divided into three groups and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 150, or 300 mg kg−1 allicin for 42 days. Results show that allicin improves the zootechnical performance of broilers at the finishing stage. The glucose loading test (2 g kg−1 body mass) indicates the regulatory role of allicin on glucose homeostasis. In vitro results demonstrate allicin increases glutathione (GSH) level and the expression of cystathionine γ lyase (CSE), leading to endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production in M. pectoralis major (PM) muscle‐derived myotubes. Allicin stimulates adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) S‐sulfhydration and AMPK phosphorylation to promote glucose uptake, which is suppressed in the presence of d,l‐propargylglycine (PAG, a CSE inhibitor).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that allicin induces AMPK S‐sulfhydration and AMPK phosphorylation to promote glucose uptake via the CSE/H2S system in a muscle fiber‐dependent manner.
Nature's contributions to human well‐being under climate change: Evidence from Central and Eastern Madagascar
Authors: Petzold Jan , Kosanic Aleksandra , Rakoto Joseph Felana , Rajaonarivelo Andrianina Princy , Ranaivosoa‐Toandro Sitraka Mireille , Andriamihaja Onintsoa Ravaka , Voahanginirina Leonnie Marcelline , Thien Lara , Razanajatovo Mialy 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Anthropogenic climate change has an unprecedented impact on ecosystems and their services, with severe consequences for human well‐being, particularly for the marginalised and vulnerable members of society in the Global South. The well‐being of communities relies not only on material and regulating services ecosystems provide but also on non‐material services.

In this paper, we unravel the diverse ways that climate change impacts affect Nature's Contributions to People (NCP) and the well‐being of rural populations in four sites in Madagascar—a biodiversity hotspot but one of the economically poorest countries in the world. We conducted participatory community workshops, mapping and semi‐structured interviews with local residents across social subgroups to understand the mechanisms of climate‐related degradation and the resulting impacts on different dimensions of human well‐being through an NCP lens.

We found that non‐material services are generally more often associated with well‐being effects. Climate change degrades material and non‐material services through sea level rise, biodiversity loss, drought, precipitation and temperature variability, with consequences for materials, companionship and labour, food and feed, and physical and psychological experiences. Loss of land and forests is expressed through ecological grief.

The outcome of our research provides evidence‐based information to local policymakers, conservation practitioners, and climate change agencies.

This information can help improve government efforts toward holistic conservation and climate change adaptation by addressing the impacts on the physical and mental well‐being of the most vulnerable communities.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Examining the relations between interventionists' use of classroom management and student mathematics gains within a Tier 2 kindergarten mathematics intervention
Authors: Turtura Jessica , Sutherland Marah , Kosty Derek , Doabler Christian T. , Lussier Cayla , Clarke Benjamin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEffective classroom management is critical to supporting student learning and success in school. However, little research has focused specifically on the impact of classroom management on student mathematics achievement, especially in the early elementary grades or in a small group (i.e., Tier 2) context. To address this need we investigated the relationship between classroom management and student mathematics achievement within the context of ROOTS, a validated Tier 2 kindergarten mathematics intervention taught by paraprofessionals. Results show that the quality of classroom management within the ROOTS intervention predicted gains in student mathematics achievement from pretest to posttest. These findings have critical implications for practitioners, including the importance of integrating effective classroom management techniques into Tier 2 mathematics intervention groups and supporting paraprofessionals' knowledge and use of effective classroom management.
Development of the Cyberbullying Awareness Scale for adolescents: Validity and reliability study
Authors: Yurdakul Yeşim , Bütün Ayhan Aynur 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present study aims to develop the Cyberbullying Awareness Scale (CAS) for adolescents, which assesses adolescents' awareness about cyberbullying, and to examine the psychometric properties of the scale by conducting validity and reliability studies. In this context, evidence on the validity and reliability of the scale was obtained in two separate studies. In Study 1 (N = 552), scale items were developed, content validity was examined, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to determine the factor structure of the scale. In addition, criterion‐related validity and reliability analyses were performed. The mean age of the participants in Study 1 was 14.6. In Study 2 (N = 338), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to confirm the factorial structure obtained as a result of EFA. The mean age of the participants in Study 2 was 14.8. As a result of the research, it was determined that the CAS for adolescents had a three‐factor structure comprised of Cyberbullying Tendency, Coping with Cyberbullying and Protection from Cyberbullying. The internal consistency coefficients were calculated as 0.80 for the Cyberbullying Tendency sub‐dimension, 0.76 for the Coping with Cyberbullying sub‐dimension and 0.63 for the Protection from Cyberbullying sub‐dimension. In line with the obtained results, it can be said that the CAS for adolescents is a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining the awareness of adolescents in the 12–18 age group on cyberbullying.
Physical aging and vitrification in polymers and other glasses: Complex behavior and size effects
Authors: Cangialosi Daniele 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe paradigmatic view on the transformation of a supercooled liquid into a glass, so‐called vitrification or glass transition, and the subsequent time evolution of the non‐equilibrium glass, addressed as physical aging, relies on the exclusive role of the main relaxation with super‐Arrhenius temperature dependence. The aim of the present review is to carefully scrutinize the wealth of recent experimental results, above all in polymeric glasses, showing the relevance of other relaxational mechanisms in both vitrification and physical aging. While the relaxation bears dominant role in both phenomena in proximity of the glass transition temperature, , a broad view on a much wider temperature range indicates that vitrification and physical aging are mediated by non‐ mechanisms of equilibration. This review also shows that a reduction of the typical time scale of equilibration can be achieved in glasses with large free interface, namely with reduced sample size. In this way, fast non‐ mechanisms of equilibration can be exploited to convey glasses to low energy states in experimentally feasible time scales, thereby attaining information on the existence of the so‐called “ideal glass” in small sized samples.
Isobavachalcone, a natural sirtuin 2 inhibitor, exhibits anti‐triple‐negative breast cancer efficacy in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Ren Ya‐li , Lei Jie‐ting , Zhang Ting‐rui , Lu Peng , Cui Dan‐dan , Yang Bo , Zhao Gui‐ying , Peng Fu , Cao Zhi‐xing , Peng Cheng , Li Yu‐zhi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and lethal clinical subtype and lacks effective targeted therapies at present. Isobavachalcone (IBC), the main active component of Psoralea corylifolia L., has potential anticancer effects. Herein, we identified IBC as a natural sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) inhibitor and characterized the potential mechanisms underlying the inhibition of TNBC. Molecular dynamics analysis, enzyme activity assay, and cellular thermal shift assay were performed to evaluate the combination of IBC and SIRT2. The therapeutic effects, mechanism, and safety of IBC were analyzed in vitro and in vivo using cellular and xenograft models. IBC effectively inhibited SIRT2 enzyme activity with an IC50 value of 0.84 ± 0.22 μM by forming hydrogen bonds with VAL233 and ALA135 within its catalytic domain. In the cellular environment, IBC bound to and stabilized SIRT2, consequently inhibiting cellular proliferation and migration, and inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by disrupting the SIRT2/α‐tubulin interaction and inhibiting the downstream Snail/MMP and STAT3/c‐Myc pathways. In the in vivo model, 30 mg/kg IBC markedly inhibited tumor growth by targeting the SIRT2/α‐tubulin interaction. Furthermore, IBC exerted its effects by inducing apoptosis in tumor tissues and was well‐tolerated. IBC alleviated TNBC by targeting SIRT2 and triggering the reactive oxygen species ROS/β‐catenin/CDK2 axis. It is a promising natural lead compound for future development of SIRT2‐targeting drugs.
Using PAH‐SYMPACT to assess quality of life in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic lung disease
Authors: Bailey Morgan E. , Durst Louise , Cajigas Hector R. , Kane Garvan C. , Krowka Michael J. , Kushwaha Sudhir S. , McCully Robert B. , Murphy Joseph G. , Reddy Yogesh N. , Frantz Robert P. , DuBrock Hilary M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChronic lung disease (CLD) is the second leading cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although PH associated with CLD (PH‐CLD) leads to impaired health‐related quality of life (HRQOL), there are no validated tools to assess HRQOL in PH‐CLD. The Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension–Symptoms and Impact Questionnaire (PAH‐SYMPACT) is an HRQOL instrument aimed at assessing the symptoms and impact of PH on overall function and well‐being. We performed a single‐center prospective cohort study using PAH‐SYMPACT scores to compare symptoms, exercise capacity and HRQOL in patients with PAH and PH‐CLD. One hundred and twenty‐five patients (99 patients with idiopathic/heritable PAH and 26 with PH‐CLD) completed the PAH‐SYMPACT questionnaire which consists of 22 questions that assess HRQOL across four domains: cardiopulmonary (CP) symptoms, cardiovascular (CV) symptoms, physical impact (PI), and cognitive/emotional (CE) impact. Higher scores indicate worse HRQOL. We compared patients with PAH and PH‐CLD using a Wilcoxon rank sum or chi‐squared test as appropriate. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between PH classification and SYMPACT scores. Compared to PAH, patients with PH‐CLD were older, more likely to use oxygen and had worse functional class and exercise capacity. While there was no significant difference between the two groups in CP, CV, or CE domain scores, patients with PH‐CLD had significantly worse PI scores by univariate (1.79 vs. 1.13, p < 0.001) and multivariate analysis (1.61 vs. 1.17, p = 0.02) and overall worse SYMPACT scores (1.19 vs. 0.91, p = 0.03). In conclusion, patients with PH‐CLD have worse HRQOL as assessed by the PAH‐SYMPACT questionnaire versus patients with PAH. Although PAH‐SYMPACT has not been validated in PH‐CLD, the results of this study can guide clinicians in understanding the symptoms and impact of PH‐CLD relative to PAH.
A case of hot tub lung secondary to mycobacterium avium complex in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Chhor Louis , Tumali Reditta Soraya , Östberg Caroline , Sachdev Anish 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHot tub lung (HTL) is a type of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) caused by inhalation of aerosols containing non‐tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). We report the first case of hot tub lung in Victoria, Australia. A 31‐year‐old female presented with 3 weeks of dyspnoea, fevers and malaise, despite a course of antibiotics. She had used an indoor spa frequently for the past several months. She was hypoxic saturating 86% on room air. Examination revealed fine bilateral basal crepitations without wheeze. Inflammatory markers were elevated. A high resolution CT (HRCT) chest demonstrated extensive bilateral ground glass changes and centrilobular nodular opacities involving upper and lower zones. Bronchial washings were obtained and isolated Mycobacterium Avium Complex. Clinically, the patient had excellent response to empirical corticosteroids and avoidance of hot tub. This case highlights the importance of clinical history taking and suspicion of Hot Tub Lung as a differential diagnosis in a patient with a compatible clinical history, radiology and microbiology and exposure to a hot tub.
Structured singular value of a repeated complex full‐block uncertainty
Authors: Mushtaq Talha , Bhattacharjee Diganta , Seiler Peter , Hemati Maziar S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe structured singular value (SSV), or , is used to assess the robust stability and performance of an uncertain linear time‐invariant system. Existing algorithms compute upper and lower bounds on the SSV for structured uncertainties that contain repeated (real or complex) scalars and/or nonrepeated complex full‐blocks. This paper presents algorithms to compute bounds on the SSV for the case of repeated complex full‐blocks. This specific class of uncertainty is relevant for the input‐output analysis of many convective systems, such as fluid flows. Specifically, we present a power iteration to compute the SSV lower bound for the case of repeated complex full‐blocks. This generalizes existing power iterations for repeated complex scalars and nonrepeated complex full‐blocks. The upper bound can be formulated as a semi‐definite program (SDP), which we solve using a standard interior‐point method to compute optimal scaling matrices associated with the repeated full‐blocks. Our implementation of the method only requires gradient information, which improves the computational efficiency of the method. Finally, we test our proposed algorithms on an example model of incompressible fluid flow. The proposed methods provide less conservative bounds as compared to prior results, which ignore the repeated full‐block structure.