bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-based bioremediation of mercury: insights from zinc and cadmium transporter studies
Authors: Guo Y. , Martin K. , Hrynkiewicz K. , Rasche F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhytoremediation, a sustainable approach for rehabilitating mercury (Hg)-contaminated soils, can be enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which promote plant growth and metal uptake, including Hg, in contaminated soils. Hg, despite lacking a biological function in plants, can be absorbed and translocated using Zn and/or Cd transporters, as these elements belong to the same group in the periodic table (12/2B). In fact, the specific transporters of Hg in plant roots remain unknown. This study is therefore to provide fundamental insights into the prospect to remediate Hg-contaminated soils, with a focus on the role of AM fungi. The hypothesis posits that Hg uptake in plants may be facilitated by transporters responsible for Zn/Cd, affected by AM fungi. The Scopus database was used to collect studies between 2000 and 2022 with a focus on the ecological role of AM fungi in environments contaminated with Zn and Cd. Particular emphasis was laid on the molecular mechanisms involved in metal uptake and partitioning. The study revealed that AM fungi indeed regulated Zn and/or Cd transporters, influencing Zn and/or Cd uptake in plants. However, these effects vary significantly based on environmental factors, such as plant and AM fungi species and soil conditions (e.g., pH, phosphorus levels). Given the limited understanding of Hg remediation, insights gained from Zn and Cd transporter systems can guide future Hg research. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of considering environmental factors and provides fundamental insights into the potential of Hg phytoremediation with the assistance of AM fungi.
Graphical abstract
Kidney Manifestations of Rheumatological Diseases in Children
Authors: Patel Avni , Marro Julien , McCann Liza , Oni Louise 
Published: November 2023

Opinion statementPaediatric rheumatological diseases are a group of multi-systemic inflammatory diseases affecting children and young people. The kidneys constitute a target organ during the acute presentation and life course of several multi-systemic inflammatory conditions including childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE), IgA vasculitis and ANCA-associated vasculitis. Unlike adults with rheumatic diseases, who may have prior concomitant kidney disease, children are more likely to have an acute, potentially reversible inflammatory process that typically requires prompt immunosuppressive treatment. Despite broad-spectrum immunosuppression, kidney outcomes remain suboptimal, with children progressing to irreversible chronic kidney disease and ultimately kidney failure, requiring kidney replacement therapy or transplantation. In cSLE, for example, the kidney failure rate is 1–14% depending on the length of follow-up, with the average age of requiring a kidney transplant reported to be 24 years, thus illustrating the importance of follow-up into adulthood. Advances in improving the outcomes for these patients remain slow, and the recruitment of children to drug trials can be challenging. The aim of this review article is to summarise the key paediatric rheumatic diseases that commonly involve the kidney to highlight the epidemiology and current kidney outcomes. Useful information is also provided on suggested screening to detect the presence of active kidney inflammation and improvements in this field for the future.
Expanding the organizational design space: the emergence of AI robot bosses
Authors: Burton Richard M. , Obel Børge , Håkonsson Dorthe Døjbak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAI robot bosses are becoming increasingly prevalent in organizations, and they expand the traditional organizational design space. Organizations can benefit from utilizing both robots and humans as bosses, as they can substitute for each other and work together as complements across different organizational structures. This expanded design space includes different kinds of AI robots and humans as bosses, rather than limiting robots to just being helpers. By considering the different capabilities and relationships of humans and robots, we argue that the organizational design space is expanded to achieve greater effectiveness and efficiency. However, the effectiveness of a robot boss depends on the organizational situation. Robots excel at managing organizational rules and processing large data sets for certain environments. AI robots also excel at predicting future patterns based on large sets of data, while humans are better suited for uncertain situations requiring judgement and creativity. We develop four types of AI robot bosses based on: explainability or how easy it is to understand and explain the decisions made, and supervised learning or how the robots learn and are trained over time in usage. These four types are then matched with leadership styles and organization forms. Organizational charts, or hierarchy charts, visually depict an organization’s structure, showcasing reporting relationships and chains of command. Employees’ names, titles, and job positions are typically represented in boxes or circles connected by lines, indicating their affiliations. However, traditional organization charts lack icons or representations of Artificial intelligent or AI robot bosses. This discrepancy prompts the question not of their inclusion, but of why they are omitted.
Clinical Frailty Scale at presentation to the emergency department: interrater reliability and use of algorithm-assisted assessment
Authors: Albrecht Rainer , Espejo Tanguy , Riedel Henk B. , Nissen Søren K. , Banerjee Jay , Conroy Simon P. , Dreher-Hummel Thomas , Brabrand Mikkel , Bingisser Roland , Nickel Christian H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) allows health care providers to quickly stratify older patients, to support clinical decision-making. However, few studies have evaluated the CFS interrater reliability (IRR) in Emergency Departments (EDs), and the freely available smartphone application for CFS assessment was never tested for reliability. This study aimed to evaluate the interrater reliability of the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) ratings between experienced and unexperienced staff (ED clinicians and a study team (ST) of medical students supported by a smartphone application to assess the CFS), and to determine the feasibility of CFS assignment in patients aged 65 or older at triage.

Methods
Cross-sectional study using consecutive sampling of ED patients aged 65 or older. We compared assessments by ED clinicians (Triage Clinicians (TC) and geriatric ED trained nurses (geriED-TN)) and a study team (ST) of medical students using a smartphone application for CFS scoring. The study is registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05400707).

Results
We included 1349 patients aged 65 and older. Quadratic-weighted kappa values for ordinal CFS levels showed a good IRR between TC and ST (ϰ = 0.73, 95% CI 0.69–0.76), similarly to that between TC and geriED-TN (ϰ = 0.75, 95% CI 0.66–0.82) and between the ST and geriED-TN (ϰ = 0.74, 95% CI 0.63–0.81). A CFS rating was assigned to 972 (70.2%) patients at triage.

Conclusion
We found good IRR in the assessment of frailty with the CFS in different ED providers and a team using a smartphone application to support rating. A CFS assessment occurred in more than two-thirds (70.2%) of patients at triage.
Unlocking the Full Potential of Deep Learning in Traffic Forecasting Through Road Network Representations: A Critical Review
Authors: Fafoutellis Panagiotis , Vlahogianni Eleni I. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearch in short-term traffic forecasting has been blooming in recent years due to its significant implications in traffic management and intelligent transportation systems. The unprecedented advancements in deep learning have provided immense opportunities to leverage traffic data sensed from various locations of the road network, yet significantly increased the models’ complexity and data and computational requirements, limiting the actionability of the models. Consequently, the meaningful representation of traffic flow data and the road network has been highlighted as a key challenge in improving the efficiency, as well as the accuracy and reliability of forecasting models. This paper provides a systematic review of literature dedicated to spatiotemporal traffic forecasting. Three main representation approaches are identified, namely the stacked vector, image/grid, and graph, and are critically analyzed and compared in relation to their efficiency, accuracy and associated modeling techniques. Based on the findings, future research directions in traffic forecasting are proposed, aiming to increase the adoption of the developed models in real-world applications.
Assessment of heavy metal contents in farm produce around Ewekoro and its health implications on consumers
Authors: Adewoyin Olusegun O. , Omeje Maxwell , Conrad Omonhinmin , Nwinyi Obinna , Arijaje Theophilus , Ayanbisi Oluwasegun , Ogunrinola Iyanuoluwa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted to assess the risk of exposure to thirteen (13) heavy metals from food products obtained from cassava tubers grown in the limestone mining area of Ewekoro, Ogun State in Nigeria. Four (4) samples each of soil and cassava tubers were collected at three different sites for this study. The first two sample collection sites were at 150 m and 300 m from the mining site while the third or the control samples were collected at a distance of 25 km far away from the mining activities. The collected samples were analyzed by the use of Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry. The concentration average of Fe, Mg, Na, Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn ranged from 2.00–1284.96 to 0.0098–646.31 mg/kg for both soil and cassava tubers, respectively at site 1, which was far higher than 0.26–622.01 and 0.90–514.35 and 0.07–688.37 and 0.07–371.74 mg/kg reported in both soil and cassava tuber samples at the other 2 locations. The transfer factor from the soil to cassava tuber for Fe, Mg, Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Co, Mn and Pb were observed to be < 1. While Na, Cr, Ni and Zn had transfer factor > 1. The estimated average daily intake at site 1 for both adults and children were 0.46 and 1.69 mg kg−1 bw−1 d−1, respectively. These values were far higher than the results noted at sites 2 and 3 for both adults and children. Similarly, the Risk Index for both adults and children at site 1 were reported to be 7.01 and 25.42, which were higher than the values noticed at the other 2 sites. Therefore, it can be concluded that although the concentrations of these heavy metals were higher than the internationally recommended standard, the EADI and RI revealed that children are at higher risk of exposure to the heavy metal contents from food products derived from cassava in the study area.
Programmable mixed-signal circuits
Authors: Tappertzhofen S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA novel concept for programmable mixed-signal circuits is presented based on programmable transmission gates. For implementation, memristively switching devices are suggested as the most promising candidates for realization of fast and small-footprint signal routing switches with small resistance and capacity. As a proof-of-concept, LT Spice simulations of digital and analogue example circuits implemented by the new concept are demonstrated. It is discussed how important design parameters can be tuned in the circuity. Compared to competing technologies such as Field Programmable Analogue Arrays or Application-Specific Integrated Circuits, the presented concept allows for development of ultra-flexible, reconfigurable, and cheap embedded mixed-signal circuits for applications where only limited space is available or high bandwidth is required.
Ice-phobic properties of MoS2-loaded rice straw biogas residue biochar-based photothermal and anti-corrosion coating with low oxygen to carbon ratio
Authors: Liu Zhiyuan , Li Yan , He Zhiyuan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIcing of wind turbine blades will seriously hinder the development of the wind power industry, and the use of biomass resources to solve the icing problem is conducive to promoting the synergistic development of biomass and wind energy. In this study, ice-phobic coatings with photothermal and anti-corrosion properties were prepared by surface modification pyrolysis and hydrothermal reaction with rice straw biogas residue as raw material. The erosion of KOH and the surface modification of MoS2 produced a rough structure of the material, and the high-temperature pyrolysis and hydrothermal reaction promoted the dehydrogenation and decarboxylation reactions, which reduced the number of oxygen-containing functional groups and decreased the surface energy of the material. The ice-phobic coating has superhydrophobic properties with a contact angle of 158.32°. Due to the small surface area in contact with water, the coating was able to significantly reduce the icing adhesion strength to 53.23 kPa. The icing wind tunnel test results showed that the icing area and mass were reduced by 10.54% and 30.08%, respectively, when the wind speed was 10 m s−1 and the temperature was − 10 °C. Photothermal performance tests showed that the MoS2-loaded material had light absorption properties, and the coating could rapidly warm up to 58.3 ℃ under xenon lamp irradiation with photothermal cycle stability. The loading of MoS2 acts as a physical barrier, reducing the contact of corrosive media with the substrate, thus improving the anti-corrosion of the coating. This study has practical application value and significance for the development of the anti-icing field under complex environmental conditions.
Graphical Abstract
Preparation and properties of composite coatings, based on carbon nanotubes, for medical applications
Authors: Rogala-Wielgus Dorota , Zieliński Andrzej 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe coatings based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly developed for their applications, among others, in medicine, in particular for implants in implantology, cardiology, and neurology. The present review paper aims at a detailed demonstration of different preparation methods for such coatings, their performance, and relationships between deposition parameters and microstructure and material, mechanical, physical, chemical, and biological properties. The thermal and electrostatic spraying, electrophoretic and electrocathodic deposition, and laser methods are presented. Characterization of microstructure of coatings, topography, morphology, adhesion of CNTs to a substrate, mechanical behavior, corrosion resistance, wettability, cytotoxicity, bioactivity, and antibacterial protection are reviewed for different deposition methods and parameters. The state-of-the-art in the field of carbon nanotubes shows a considerable number of research performed on CNTs coatings. The different forms of CNTs, deposition methods, parameters, and substrates were applied as process variables. The microstructures and surface homogeneity, chemical and phase compositions, mechanical properties at the micro- and nanoscale such as coating Young`s modulus and hardness, interface adhesion strength and delaminating force, open corrosion potential and corrosion current density, contact angle in wettability assessment, and bioactivity, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial efficiency among biological properties were determined. The summary of so far achievements, strengths and weaknesses, and important future research necessary for clarification of some weak points, development of non-toxic, mechanically and chemically resistant, bioactive, and antibacterial multicomponent coatings based on functionalized CNTs are proposed.
Was ist Empirie? Theoretische Psychologie trifft empirische Psychologie
Authors: Funke Joachim 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Text diskutiert die Bedeutung von Theorie und Empirie in der Psychologie. Es wird betont, dass Empirie (Erfahrung und Datensammlung) für die Psychologie von zentraler Bedeutung ist, aber dass sie auch Theorien benötigt, um die Daten sinnvoll zu interpretieren. Der Text beleuchtet die Unterschiede zwischen Empirismus und Rationalismus in Bezug auf die Erkenntnisgewinnung. Es wird auch auf die Notwendigkeit von guten Theorien und deren Kriterien eingegangen, wobei die logische Konsistenz, der empirischer Gehalt und die empirische Bewährung als Hauptkriterien genannt werden. Schließlich wird die Bedeutung von Universitäten als Orte des Theoretisierens betont und die Rolle von Theoretischer Psychologie diskutiert. Es wird argumentiert, dass Theorie und Empirie in der Psychologie eng miteinander verknüpft sind und dass starke Theorien notwendig sind, um Daten sinnvoll zu interpretieren und kausale Zusammenhänge zu verstehen.
Thermally stable p-wave repulsive Fermi polaron without a two-body bound state
Authors: Hu Hui , Wang Jia , Liu Xia-Ji 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe theoretically investigate the polaron physics of an impurity immersed in a two-dimensional Fermi sea, interacting via a p-wave interaction at finite temperature. In the unitary limit with a divergent scattering area, we find a well-defined repulsive Fermi polaron at short interaction range, which shows a remarkable thermal stability with increasing temperature. The appearance of such a stable repulsive Fermi polaron in the resonantly interacting limit can be attributed to the existence of a quasi-bound dressed molecule state hidden in the two-particle continuum, although there is no bound state in the two-particle limit. We show that the repulsive Fermi polaron disappears when the interaction range increases or when the scattering area is tuned to the weakly interacting regime. The large interaction range and small scattering area instead stabilize attractive Fermi polarons.
Studying the internal structures of the central region of prestellar core L1517B in Taurus molecular cloud using ammonia (NH3) (1,1) and (2,2) lines
Authors: Koley Atanu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Measurement of internal structures in the prestellar core is essential for understanding the initial conditions prior to star formation. In this work, we study the ammonia lines (NH

$_{3}$

) (J, K = 1,1 and 2,2) in the central region of the prestellar core L1517B with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) radio telescope (spatial resolution

$\sim$

3.7′′). Our analysis indicates that the central region of the core is close-to-round in shape obtained both from NH

$_{3}$

(1,1) and (2,2) emissions. Radially averaged kinetic temperature (

$T_{k}$

) is almost constant with a mean value of

$\sim$

9 K. A radially sharp decrease in kinetic temperature (

$T_{k}$

) has not been observed inside the central dense nucleus of this prestellar core. In addition, we also notice that there is an overall velocity gradient from north-east to south-west direction in this region, which may be indicative of the rotational motion of the core. We then calculate the parameter

$\beta$

, which is defined as the ratio of rotational energy to gravitational potential energy and find that

$\beta$

equals to

$\sim$

5

$\times$

10

$^{-3}$

; which indicates that rotation has no effect at least inside the central region of the core. We also perform the viral analysis and observe that the central region may be in a stage of contraction. From this study, we also show that turbulence inside the central region is subsonic in nature (sonic Mach number,

$M_{s}$

$<$

1) and has no prominent length-scale dependence. Furthermore, we notice that the decrement of excitation temperature (

$T_{ex}$

) and column density of NH

$_{3}$

from the centre of the core to the outer side with the peak values of

$\sim$

5.6 K and

$\sim$

10

$^{15}$

cm

$^{-2}$

, respectively. In conclusion, this work examines different physical and kinematical properties of the central region of the L1517B prestellar core.
Genesis of the Jinying gold deposit, southern Jilin Province, NE China: Constraints from geochronology and isotope geochemistry
Authors: Zhang Yong , Wu Yushi , Li Huali , Han Jilong , Song Quanheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Jinying gold deposit is located in southern Jilin Province in northeast China and is representative of the large Early Cretaceous gold deposits in this area. To better understand ore genesis of this deposit, a multi-isotope integrated analysis of U–Pb–Rb–Sr–He–Ar–S has been carried out. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) dating of zircons from the granodiorite porphyry and dioritic porphyrite in the study area yields ages of 172.1 ± 1.2 Ma and 122.5 ± 0.8 Ma, suggesting that corresponding intrusion occurred in the Middle Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous. Rb–Sr dating of the pyrite yields an isochron age of 120 ± 3 Ma, suggesting that gold mineralization occurred in the Early Cretaceous. The fluid inclusions in pyrite yield 3He/4He ratios clustered within a small range from 0.08 to 0.13 Ra, 40Ar/36Ar ratios between 331.6 and 351.3, and mantle He in the range of 1.0–1.6%, indicating that the ore-forming fluids originated from a mixed crustal and mantle source. The in situ S isotopic values of pyrite vary between + 0.1 ‰ and + 2.8 ‰, suggesting that the ore-related sulphur came from the deep magmatic source. Combined with the geological history of the study area, it can be concluded that the gold mineralization was possibly related to the extensional setting associated with the rollback of the Palaeo-Pacific Plate.
Gender Equality Provisions in Trade and Investment Agreements: Are They Widening the Negotiation Capacity Gap?
Authors: Bahri Amrita , Amaral Renata 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the recent years, there has been an upsurge in the number of countries that are mainstreaming gender equality concerns in their trade and investment agreements. These recent developments challenge the long-standing assumption that trade, investment, and gender equality are not related. They also show that gender mainstreaming in trade and investment agreements is here to stay. However, very few countries – mostly developed countries – have led this mainstreaming approach and have made efforts to incentivize other countries to negotiate gender-responsive trade and investment agreements. The majority of developing countries are yet to take their first steps in negotiating such policy instruments with a gender lens, and their hesitation can be grounded in various reasons including fears of protectionism, lack of data, paucity of understanding and expertise, and, more broadly, constraints relating to their negotiation capacity. Moreover, the inclusion of gender-related concerns in the negotiation of such agreements has deepened and widened the negotiation capacity gap between developed and developing countries. In this article, the authors attempt to assess this widening negotiation capacity gap with the help of empirical research, and how this capacity gap can lead to disproportionate and negative repercussions for developing countries more than developed countries.