bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards time-resolved multi-property measurements by filtered Rayleigh scattering: diagnostic approach and verification
Authors: Doll Ulrich , Kapulla Ralf , Dues Michael , Steinbock Jonas , Melnikov Sergey , Röhle Ingo , Migliorini Matteo , Zachos Pavlos K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe use of multiple perspective views is a possible pathway towards the combined measurement of multiple time-resolved flow properties by filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS). In this study, a six view observation concept is experimentally verified on a aspirated pipe flow. The concept was introduced in our previous work, and it has the ability to simultaneously measure high-accuracy time-averaged and time-resolved three-component velocity, pressure and temperature fields. To simulate time-resolution, multi-view FRS data at a single optimised excitation frequency are selected and processed for multiple flow properties. Time-averaged and quasi-time-resolved FRS results show very good agreement with differential pressure probe measurements and analytical temperature calculations and lie within $$\pm 2$$

±
2

m/s of complementary laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) velocity measurements for all operating points. The introduction of a multistage fitting procedure for the time-resolved analysis leads to a significant improvement of the precision by factors of 4 and 3 for temperature and axial velocity and 18 for pressure. Moreover, both processing methods show their capacity to resolve flow structures in a swirling flow configuration. It is demonstrated that the developed multi-view concept can be used to determine multiple flow variables from a single-frequency measurement, opening the path towards time-resolved multi-parameter measurements by FRS.
Management of non-tubal ectopic pregnancies analysis of a large tertiary center case series
Authors: Tremmel E. , Starrach T. , Buschmann C. , Trillsch F. , Kolben T. , Mahner S. , Burges A. , Kost B. , Ehmann L. , Burgmann D. M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Ectopic pregnancies include cesarean scar (CSP), cornual and cervical pregnancies. Various treatment modalities have been- described, but no standardized procedure has been defined so far. The aim of our analysis was to evaluate the diagnostics and treatment at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU University Hospital, Munich.

Methods
In this retrospective, single-center analysis, 24 patients treated between 2015 and 2020 were analyzed. After verification of the diagnosis by imaging and HCG–analysis, the treatment was individually determined: therapy with methotrexate (MTX) locally with or without simultaneous systemic treatment, surgical treatment via curettage, excision with uterine reconstruction even hemi hysterectomy.

Results
Ten patients presented with CSP, six with cervical and eight with cornual pregnancies. Median age was 34.6 years. CSP was treated with local MTX in six cases; five required additional treatment with systemic MTX or curettage. Primary curettage or surgery was performed in four cases. In cervical pregnancies the primary therapy with local MTX injection and systemic treatment was performed in 50%. One patient was treated with MTX and insertion of a Bakri balloon. Trachelectomy was required in one case. 50% of cornual pregnancies were treated with MTX locally and intramuscularly and 50% received surgery.

Conclusion
Treatment strategies were based on the patient’s individual risk parameters. The results of this study show, that simultaneous treatment with local and systemic MTX had good outcomes and could avoid surgeries.
Long-term comparison of anterior (ALIF) versus transforaminal (TLIF) lumbar interbody fusion: a propensity score-matched register-based study
Authors: Alhaug Ole Kristian , Dolatowski Filip C. , Thyrhaug Anette Moltu , Mjønes Sverre , Dos Reis Joao André Barroso Pereira Roque , Austevoll Ivar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Anterior (ALIF) and transforaminal (TLIF) lumbar interbody fusion have shown similar clinical outcomes at short- and medium-term follow-ups. Possible advantages of ALIF in the long run could be better disc height and lumbar lordosis and reduced risk of adjacent segment disease. We aimed to study if ALIF could be associated with superior clinical outcomes than TLIF at long-term follow-up.

Methods
We analysed 535 patients treated with ALIF or TLIF of the L5-S1 spinal segment between 2007 and 2017 who completed long-term follow-up in a national spine registry database (NORspine). We defined treatment success after surgery as at least 30% improvement in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at long-term follow-up. Patients treated with ALIF and TLIF and who responded at long term were balanced by propensity score matching. The proportions of successfully treated patients within each group were compared by numbers and percentages with corresponding relative risk.

Results
The mean (95%CI) age of the total study population was 50 (49–51) years, and 264 (49%) were females. The mean (95%CI) preoperative ODI score was 40 (39–42), and 174 (33%) had previous spine surgery. Propensity score matching left 120 patients in each treatment group. At a median (95%CI) of 92 (88–97) months after surgery, we found no difference in proportions successfully treated patients with ALIF versus TLIF (68 (58%) versus 77 (65%), RR (95%CI) = 0.88 (0.72 to1.08); p = 0.237).

Conclusions
This propensity score-matched national spine register study of patients treated with ALIF versus TLIF of the lumbosacral junction found no differences in proportions of successfully treated patients at long-term follow-up.

Level of Evidence I
Diagnostic: individual cross-sectional studies with the consistently applied reference standard and blinding.
Do Attitudes Towards Immigrants Matter? The Subjective Wellbeing of Immigrants in England and Wales and Their Exposure to Non-migrants
Authors: Šedovič Michaela 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe wellbeing of immigrants is affected by those around them and the context in which they live. Yet we still know relatively little about the impact that attitudes towards immigrants (ATI) have on immigrants’ life satisfaction, nor do we know the routes by which it manifests. By matching individual data from the UK Understanding Society study to area-level data on ATI for England and Wales from the 2018 European Values Study, I examine whether subnational ATI are associated with immigrants’ life satisfaction. If so, I aim to determine the geographical level at which it is prominent and identify the channels through which this association operates. By exploiting the different geographical scales at which ATI are aggregated, I show within-country variation in ATI. Controlling for contextual- and individual-level characteristics, I find that immigrants’ wellbeing is sensitive to exposure to the negative ATI of non-migrants at the regional level but not at the municipal level. Theoretically identified channels (local social cohesion and ethnic composition) are not drivers of this association, but it is moderated by (interethnic) friendships. Further, I show that ATI are a measure of environment rather than a function of intergroup contact or exposure and that the entire composition of the ATI in an area is more important than the most negative attitudes. I discuss the implications of these findings.
What’s Good About Inclusion? An Ethical Analysis of the Ideal of Social Inclusion for People with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities
Authors: van der Weele Simon , Bredewold Femmianne 
Published: December 2023

Abstract‘Social inclusion’ is the leading ideal in services and care for people with intellectual disabilities in most countries in the Global North. ‘Social inclusion’ can refer simply to full equal rights, but more often it is taken to mean something like ‘community participation’. This narrow version of social inclusion has become so ingrained that it virtually goes unchallenged. The presumption appears to be that there is a clear moral consensus that this narrow understanding of social inclusion is good. However, that moral consensus is not clear in the case of people with profound intellectual and/or multiple disabilities (PIMD), who are not able to express their needs and preferences verbally. Moreover, social inclusion has proven to be difficult to conceptualize and implement for people with PIMD. Therefore, it becomes imperative to ask about the ethical rationale of the narrow understanding of social inclusion. For what reasons do we think social inclusion is good? And do those reasons also apply for people with PIMD? This article addresses these questions by providing an ethical analysis of the ideal of social inclusion for people with PIMD. It discusses four ethical arguments for social inclusion and probes their relevance for people with PIMD. The article argues that none of these arguments fully convince of the value of the narrow understanding of social inclusion for people with PIMD. It ends with advocating for an ethical space for imagining a good life for people with PIMD otherwise.
From Symptomatology to Functioning - Applying the ICF to Autism Measures to Facilitate Neurodiversity-Affirmative Data Harmonization
Authors: Black Melissa H , Remnélius Karl Lundin , Alehagen Lovisa , Bourgeron Thomas , Bölte Sven 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
A considerable number of screening and diagnostic tools for autism exist, but variability in these measures presents challenges to data harmonization and the comparability and generalizability of findings. At the same time, there is a movement away from autism symptomatology to stances that capture heterogeneity and appreciate diversity. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a classification system that can support content harmonization of different screening and diagnostic tools for autism while enabling the translation of diagnostic information into functioning.

Method
Here we linked commonly used screening and diagnostic measures within the field of autism to the ICF to facilitate the unification of data obtained from these measures.

Results
As expected, screening and diagnostic measures primarily focus on body functions and activities and participation domains of the ICF, and much less on environmental factors, reflecting biomedical and adaptive behavior operationalizations of autism derived from diagnostic manuals.

Conclusion
By translating symptomology-based information to the continuous and diagnostically neutral view of functioning, the ICF linking presented here may provide a means to harmonize measures of autism characteristics while enabling diagnostic information to be re-examined through a more neurodiversity-affirmative lens.
Does a household’s income affect its carbon emissions? Results for single-family homes in Poland
Authors: Karpinska Lilia , Śmiech Sławomir 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA key challenge of Fit for 55 will be reducing household emissions. For this, it is necessary to understand the factors that influence emissions and the specific role of household income. This study tests the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for households and links carbon emissions with income, housing, energy sources, and hidden energy poverty. We use individual household data from the Polish energy consumption survey complemented with data from a budget survey both compiled by Statistics Poland. The EKC is estimated in two scenarios, i.e. current energy mix, and zero-carbon electricity. Our model is based on the least trimmed squares technique. The study confirms the existence of the inverted U-shaped EKC in households, which is especially relevant for owners of small houses. This finding might be explained by the energy under-consumption often experienced by the poorest households, whereas wealthier households usually live in energy-efficient buildings and use less carbon-intensive fuels. The turning point is reached at 373 euros of income and 3425 kg of carbon emissions in a usual energy mix scenario compared to 560 euros and 5104 kg in a clean electricity scenario. Apart from income, household carbon emissions are interrelated with house size and hidden energy poverty, which should be in policymakers focus.
Equilibrium Solubility of Acetaminophen in Ternary Mixtures as a Tool for Design of Concentrated Parenteral Medications
Authors: Romdhani Asma , Martínez Fleming , Chiappetta Diego A. , Peña Ángeles , Jouyban Abolghasem 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe main purpose of this research was to evaluate the mass/volume percentage (%m/v) solubility of acetaminophen (ACP) in {ethanol (EtOH) (1) + propylene glycol (PG) (2) + water (3)} mixtures from 20.0 to 40.0 °C to expand the solubility database of this drug in mixed pharmaceutical solvents useful for designing high concentrated liquid products including injectable solutions. This is because ACP is an analgesic drug widely used available for oral administration as tablets or solutions. Besides, as injectable products, it is only available for perfusion in as 1 g in 100 mL (1.0%m/v). However, it is not available as 5 mL ampules for supplying doses of 500 mg. As demonstrated in this research some cosolvent mixtures allow ACP concentrations higher than 10.0%m/v, for instance the aqueous ternary mixture with 20% w/w of ethanol and 30% w/w of PG, among other possible mixtures. Flask shake method and UV–vis spectrophotometry were used for ACP solubility determinations at different temperatures. ACP solubility results are presented as Cartesian and triangular solubility profiles. ACP solubility increases with temperature arising and the cosolvent proportion in the mixtures. Maximum %m/v ACP solubility value is observed in the aqueous ethanol binary mixture of w1 = 0.80 at all temperatures being 21.18% at 25.0 °C. All the solubility values were well correlated using the Jouyban-Acree model obtaining mean percentage deviations of 3.8% (N = 330). In this way, %m/v equilibrium solubility of ACP in {EtOH + PG + water} mixtures has been studied and correlated at several temperatures as contribution to preformulation studies of injectable homogeneous liquid pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Approximate Methods for Solving Chance-Constrained Linear Programs in Probability Measure Space
Authors: Shen Xun , Ito Satoshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA risk-aware decision-making problem can be formulated as a chance-constrained linear program in probability measure space. Chance-constrained linear program in probability measure space is intractable, and no numerical method exists to solve this problem. This paper presents numerical methods to solve chance-constrained linear programs in probability measure space for the first time. We propose two solvable optimization problems as approximate problems of the original problem. We prove the uniform convergence of each approximate problem. Moreover, numerical experiments have been implemented to validate the proposed methods.
Death: Never Done Grieving
Authors: Shimkhada Deepak 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with the psychological trauma caused by death and how Hindu culture responds to that trauma. Every culture has a grieving mechanism to ease the pain and suffering brought on by death. In this paper, the author presents his personal experience with death of his parents and his best friend’s families who died of COVID-19. To cope with the loss that death involves, all cultures have some kind of death ceremonies—some are more elaborate than others. Hindu death ceremonies are rooted in texts that guide the grieving one through various steps to keep the bereaved family members preoccupied with ritualistic activities that give them no time to think about the loss. The preta karma is one of the Hindu samskāras related to death that this paper goes into detail to argue that it is designed to ease the bereavement process, a coping mechanism invented before Western psychotherapy came into practice in the nineteenth century.
A RADIOCARBON CHRONOLOGY FOR “GROTTE DI PERTOSA” IN CAMPANIA, SOUTHERN ITALY
Authors: Larocca Felice , Breglia Francesco , Calcagnile Lucio , D’Elia Marisa , Quarta Gianluca 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThe Pertosa Caves, today also known as the Pertosa-Auletta Caves, constitute an important karst system in the Campania region (southern Italy). Crossed by the waters of a river that re-emerges on the surface, they have an overall development of about 3 km. Thanks to the width of the entrance, the excellent location along a natural communication route through the mountains and the natural availability of water directly on the site, the initial part of the cavity was frequented by humans, without interruption, from prehistoric times to the Middle Ages. During the protohistory, in particular, the moment of most marked human presence is recorded in the cave. In this phase an extensive pile dwelling system was built on the waters of the underground river. The system was probably created to make the location, subject to frequent flooding, suitable for human settlement. This structure today constitutes an archaeological unicum not only in Italy but throughout Europe. We briefly analyze its general characteristics providing the results of a radiocarbon dating campaign which allowed to assess the occupation phases of the different contexts and the life span of the wooden artifacts, which came to us in a very good state of preservation. Radiocarbon data allowed to assess the chronological range of the human frequentation of the caves and to date the exceptionally well preserved underground pile dwelling system.
Preliminary experience with transcatheter closure of wind-sock-like perimembranous ventricular septal defects using Amplatzer Vascular Plug IV devices
Authors: Leong Ming Chern , Hoo Xin Yi , Alwi Mazeni 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAmplatzer Vascular Plug IV (Abbott, USA) is usually used for the occlusion of abnormal tortuous vessels and has not been tried for the transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects with wind-sock morphology. Here, we report on three successful cases of perimembranous ventricular septal defect transcatheter closure using Amplatzer Vascular Plug IV. We did not observe residual shunting or new onset of complications during follow up. These preliminary positive results advocate the application and suitability of Amplatzer Vascular Plug IV for closing wind-sock-like perimembranous ventricular septal defects.
Validity and reliability of the Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS-P) for use in Brazil
Authors: Avelar Bruna Aparecida , Hino Adriano Akira Ferreira , Santos Anabele Pires , Mendes Larissa Loures , Cardoso Carraro Júlia Cristina , Mendonça Raquel de Deus , Menezes Mariana Carvalho de 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS-P) translated and adapted for use in Brazil.

Design:
Validation of the NEMS-P questionnaire. The questionnaires were applied to assess validity and reliability, based on exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’s α coefficient and intra-class correlation, with a significance level of 95 %.

Setting:
Brazil.

Participants:
Adults over 20 years of age diagnosed with hypertension were included in the internal validity and reliability test (n 176) and intra-rater reliability (subsample n 35).

Results:
Factor analysis obtained satisfactory results. Internal consistency was acceptable for most items, with Cronbach’s α ranging from 0·6 to 0·9. The intra-rater reliability of the subsample was also valid, with intra-class correlation coefficient values ranging from 0·5 to 0·9.

Conclusion:
This work reveals the usefulness of the instrument to assess the perceived food environment in the Brazilian context, being able to measure what is proposed according to its theoretical model, and reproduces the values when applied to a sample different from its original validation. However, refinement of some questions is suggested. Finally, it demonstrates the possibility of using the entire instrument or each section independently, according to the food environments to be investigated.
Inhibition of orthotopic castration-resistant prostate cancer growth and metastasis in mice by JC VLPs carrying a suicide gene driven by the PSA promoter
Authors: Chou Chih-Chieh , Tseng Chih-En , Lin Yu-Shih , Wang Meilin , Chen Pei-lain , Chang Deching , Shen Cheng-Huang , Fang Chiung-Yao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is challenging to treat. Virus-like particles (VLPs), originating from JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) and carrying a suicide gene driven by the PSA promoter (PSAtk-VLPs), can inhibit tumor growth in animal models of human prostate cancer. However, the efficacy of suppression of orthotopic PCa growth and metastasis by PSAtk-VLPs remains undetermined. Here, we established an iRFP stable expression CRPC cell line suitable for deep-tissue observation using fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT). These cells were implanted into murine prostate tissue, and PSAtk-VLPs were systemically administered via the tail vein along with the prodrug ganciclovir (GCV), allowing for the real-time observation of orthotopic prostate tumor growth and CRPC tumor metastasis. Our findings demonstrated that systemic PSAtk-VLPs administration with GCV and subsequent FMT scanning facilitated real-time observation of the suppressed growth in mouse iRFP CRPC orthotopic tumors, which further revealed a notable metastasis rate reduction. Systemic PSAtk-VLPs and GCV administration effectively inhibited orthotopic prostate cancer growth and metastasis. These findings suggest the potential of JCPyV VLPs as a promising vector for mCRPC gene therapy. Conclusively, systemically administered JCPyV VLPs carrying a tissue-specific promoter, JCPyV VLPs can protect genes within the bloodstream to be specifically expressed in specific organs.