bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical control of a lithological alternation on normal fault morphology, growth and reactivation
Authors: Soliva Roger , Benedicto Antonio , Vergély Pierre , Rives Thierry 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the control of lithological variation on normal fault morphology, growth and reactivation. We study a normal fault population contained within an inter-bedded sequence of marly-limestones and clay rich layers. The analysis of cross sectional and bedding plane exposure of faults reveals that the plastic clay layers act as barriers to vertical fault propagation. Only the long vertically restricted normal faults (i.e. confined between two clay layers) are later reactivated and show extensional-shear mode of deformation. The likelihood of reactivation of the faults was probably favoured by the small plastic strength of the clay rich layers. We discuss the extensional-shear mode in terms of structural context, reactivation and rock rigidity.Displacement profile analysis of only isolated non-reactivated faults allows us to distinguish the faults mechanically influenced by the rheological discontinuities from those that are contained within the same lithological unit. Using both cross-sectional observations and displacement-length data of the fault population we estimate the average aspect ratio (length/height ~ 2) of the faults contained within the same lithological unit. A 3-D displacement-length scaling law that integrates post yield fracture mechanics (PYFM) and the principal fault dimensions (length and height) reveals the importance of the low rigidity of the marly-limestone on the displacement of the faults contained into a same lithological unit. A comparison of our displacement-length data with those compiled from the literature suggests that the displacement-length variability is strongly related to the rock mechanical properties and contrasts in layered rocks.The bulk of our analysis, based on field observations and theory, shows that: (i) fault shape, (ii) fault ability to be reactivated, (iii) shear mode, and (iv) displacement-length values are strongly sensitive to the lithological contrasts, and are therefore dependent on the fault dimension relative to the thicknesses of the sedimentary bodies. Therefore, regardless the variety of fault initiation processes, our analysis confirms that both fault morphology and fault growth are not self similar in heterogeneous layered rocks from centimetre to kilometre scale.
Isotope records in submarine speleothems from the Adriatic coast, Croatia
Authors: Surić Maša , Horvatinčić Nada , Suckow Axel , Juračić Mladen , Barešić Jadranka 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Isotope studies, using 14C dating, δ13C and δ18O measurements, were performed at eight speleothems taken from three submerged caves situated along the eastern Adriatic coast, Croatia. The speleothems were taken from 17 m to 38.5 m depth below mean sea level. The samples consist of four stalagmites and four stalactites in position of growth, covered with marine biogenic overgrowth, and the length of speleothems ranges from ~80 mm to ~190 mm.
The youngest (surface) and the oldest (base) layers of speleothems were radiocarbon dated and the 14C ages range from 21,600 cal B.P. to 37,000 yr B.P. During that period the global sea level was more than 40 m below the recent one, so presently submerged objects were under the subaerial conditions necessary for speleothem deposition. 14C ages of the youngest layer range from 21,600 to 32,200 cal B.P. for different submerged speleothems. This indicates the time when the speleothem growth ceased, most probably due to flooding of the cave with either fresh or brackish water. Speleothem growth during the Last Glacial Maximum (30–19 kyr ago) and different time of growth cessation for the different speleothem samples suggest that climate change was not the reason for cessation of deposition.
Samples for δ13C and δ18O measurements were taken from six submerged speleothems with sampling distances of ca. 5–10 mm from the surface to the base of speleothems. Most of the δ13C values are in the range from −10.5‰ to −8.5‰, with few exceptions to −6‰. These values are typical for Dinaric karst, and very different values for marine biogenic overgrowth indicate that no isotopic exchange took place during the submerged period. δ18O values range from −6.7‰ to −4.1‰. A weak correlation between δ13C and δ18O values indicates possible kinetic isotope fractionation during the calcite precipitation. If the δ18O record is interpreted as climatic signal, it suggests similar climatic conditions for the late Pleistocene and the Holocene, especially no significant differences in temperature and/or moisture transport.
Sr isotopic tracing in a lagoonal system : example of surficial carbonate sediments in the Nador lagoon (northeastern Morocco)
Authors: Mahjoubi Rachida , Kamel Saïd , Noack Yves , Michard Annie , Nahon Daniel , Carruesco Christian 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
The Nador lagoon is the largest one in Morocco and along the Mediterranean. It is located on the northeastern coast near the Rif chain (North Morocco), and it is surrounded by volcanic and sedimentary rocks of various lithofacies. The watershed has an area of about 2200 km2 and is drained by a dense river network. The lagoon dimension is of 115 km2 (25 x 7.5 km) with a depth not exceeding 8 m. The island barrier is 25 km in length and 350 m in average width.
The carbonate fraction is the dominant component of the present-day sedimentation in the Nador lagoon. It represents 13 to 48 % of total sediments. Its distribution within the lagoon reflects the nature of marine and continental watershed.
The carbonate fraction is composed, in decreasing order of importance, of calcite, magnesium calcite, dolomite and aragonite. The Sr isotopic signatures of lagoonal carbonates sediments show that they are dominated by marine biogenic sediments deposited, and by chemical precipitation. In addition, other carbonates of external origin and less radiogenic Sr isotopic are also present, coming from aerosols and ancient carbonates and transported by streams and rivers. From northwest to southeast, the Sr concentration of these lagoon carbonates increases, showing a slow renewal of waters in the southeastern zone because of its remoteness from communication with sea.
The Nativeness Factor
Authors: Lasagabaster David 
Published: September 2005

A small number of studies have been pubished which examine the native speaker teacher (NST) versus non-native speaker teacher (NNST) debate. However, almost all of them are concerned with teachers’ opinions, whereas this paper considers the question from the point of view of the student, a perspective largely ignored so far.
The data for this study were compiled from the completed questionnaires of 76 undergraduate university students who agreed to take part. Special attention was paid to two independent variables: (1) students’ specialisation and (2) whether the student had been taught by an NST. Them participants were asked if they preferred a native or non-native teacher/lecturer with regard to the following: language skills, grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, learning strategies, culture and civilization, attitudes and assessment. Within these areas, students were asked about their preferences concerning primary, secondary and tertiary education.
The results showed a clear preference for the NST, although the most voted option was that of the team-teaching approach (an NST and an NNST working together). Nevertheless, the independent variables (specialisation and previous learning experience of an NST) did not exert a significant effect. The results seem to suggest the need for further discussion of the issues surrounding the NST/NNST debate.
Mapping the Discharge Process After Surgery
Authors: Graham Laura A. , Illarmo Samantha , Gray Caroline P. , Harris Alex H. S. , Wagner Todd H. , Hawn Mary T. , Iannuzzi James C. , Wren Sherry M. 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceCare transition models are structured approaches used to ensure the smooth transfer of patients between health care settings or levels of care, but none currently are tailored to the surgical patient. Tailoring care transition models to the unique needs of surgical patients may lead to significant improvements in surgical outcomes and reduced care fragmentation. The first step to developing surgical care transition models is to understand the surgical discharge process.ObjectiveTo map the surgical discharge process in a sample of US hospitals and identify key components and potential challenges specific to a patient’s discharge after surgery.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study followed a cognitive task analysis framework conducted between January 1, 2022, and April 1, 2023, in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) hospitals. Observations (n = 16) of discharge from inpatient care after a surgical procedure were conducted in 2 separate VHA surgical units. Interviews (n = 13) were conducted among VHA health care professionals nationwide.ExposurePostoperative hospital discharge.Main Outcomes and MeasuresData were coded according to the principles of thematic analysis, and a swim lane process map was developed to represent the study findings.ResultsAt the hospitals in this study, the discharge process observed for a surgical patient involved multidisciplinary coordination across the surgery team, nursing team, case managers, dieticians, social services, occupational and physical therapy, and pharmacy. Important components for a surgical discharge that were not incorporated in the current care transition models included wound care education and supplies; pain control; approvals for nonhome postdischarge locations; and follow-up plans for wounds, ostomies, tubes, and drains at discharge. Potential challenges to the surgical discharge process included social situations (eg, home environment and caregiver availability), team communication issues, and postdischarge care coordination.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that current and ongoing studies of discharge care transitions for a patient after surgery should consider pain control; wounds, ostomies, tubes, and drains; and the impact of challenging social situations and interdisciplinary team coordination on discharge success.
2D MXene Ti3C2 Coupled with 1D Co3O4 Nanowires on Carbon Cloth for Efficient Chlorine Evolution Activity
Authors: Li Bin , Duan Yuhao , Wei Liuxu , Cai Chenyu , Zhu Jiawei , Mi Junbao , Li Hengyu , Pang Xiujiang , Wang Lei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChlorine evolution reaction (CER) is a key anode reaction in chlor‐alkali electrolysis. Although non‐precious metals have been widely used as CER catalysts, their low catalytic activity has been a major constraint on their development. Herein, 1D Co3O4 coupled with 2D Ti3C2 MXene on carbon cloth for highly efficient CER is reported by constructing two different heterojunctions (1D Co3O4 tip to 2D Ti3C2 face and 1D face to 2D face) through electronic coupling and strong interfacial interaction. The decreased electron density around O atoms in Co─O and Ti─O at two heterojunctions is more conducive to the adsorption of Cl−, thereby reducing the free energy of the reaction and jointly promoting CER. Consequently, the MXene@Co3O4/CC (carbon cloth) exhibits a low overpotential of 86 mV at 10 mA cm−1, low tafel slope of 47.9 mV dec−1, which is superior to commercial DSA and other non‐precious metal materials. This work provides new insights into the rational design of multiple heterojunctions, which leads to a new path for non‐precious metal catalysts in CER.
Dichroic Engineering from Invisible to Full Colors Using Plasmonics
Authors: Han Jang‐Hwan , Kim Juhwan , Kim Gyurin , Jo Yong‐Ryun , Kim Doeun , Kim Hyun Min , Lee Sang‐Yun , Jeong Hyeon‐Ho 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPlasmonic nanoparticles serve as nonfading pigments for vibrant outdoor glasses and smart windows, offering vivid colors under sunlight with exceptional spatial resolution. However, simultaneously achieving the desired plasmonic coloration in both reflection and transmission with a full‐color gamut remains a formidable challenge, especially when using a single fabrication method. Here, a facile physical triple co‐deposition method to construct scalable plasmonic superstructures, optimal for dichroic color engineering is demonstrated. A key feature of such all‐in‐one plasmonic superstructures lies in extensive color performance in transmission and reflection modes, spanning from transparent invisibility to vivid full colors across the wavelength range of over 600 nm. This exceptional coloration fidelity stems from their 3D‐stacked nanocomposite where plasmonic nanoparticles incorporate a random but uniform distribution within a glass matrix. Wafer‐scale rich and dynamic color images useful for colorful data storage and steganography, as demonstrated through layer‐by‐layer color painting with combinatorial plasmonic superstructures are shown.
Bimodal Block Molecule with Ether‐Type and Hydroxyl‐Type Oxygen Stabilizes Zn Anode in Super‐Dilute Electrolyte
Authors: Shi Zena , Li Minggang , Fu Xianwei , Zhang Yan , Jiao Shilong , Zhao Yong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiluted electrolyte promises a further decrease of the battery cost for intrinsically safe aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs). However, the parasitic side reactions between abundant water molecules and Zn metal induce serious dendrite growth and anode corrosion, leading to the rapid failure of the ZIBs. In this work, a conceptual design of a bimodal block molecule that features double types of oxygen into polyethylene glycol is proposed, which serves as an effective bifunctional mixing agent (MA) in the super‐dilute electrolyte (≈0.23 m). The ether‐type oxygen can effectively modulate the solvation structure of the Zn2+ and break the hydrogen bond network of the electrolyte, thereby inhibiting the H2 production reaction. Furthermore, the terminal hydroxyl‐type oxygen shows preferential adsorption on the Zn metal (101) plane, guiding the oriented growth of Zn (002) facets parallel to the Zn metal surface and inhibiting the dendrite growth. Consequently, the Zn||Zn symmetrical cells show highly stable reversibility (1400 h at 1 mA cm−2), and the Zn||V2O5 full cells show exceptional cycling stability for 1500 cycles at 1 A g−1, with a high capacity retention rate of 82%. This work provides an insightful design of super‐dilute electrolytes for the stable operation of metal electrodes in aqueous batteries.
Potentiating Immunogenic Cell Death in Cold Tumor with Functional Living Materials of FeAu‐Methylene Blue Composites
Authors: Wang Tingya , Wang Yihan , Liu Tengfei , Yu Fangfang , Liu Liu , Xiong Hongjie , Xu Wenwen , Fan Xin , Liu Xiaohui , Jiang Hui , Zhang Haijun , Wang Xuemei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLow immunogenicity, absence of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes and immunosuppressive microenvironment of immune cold tumors are the main bottlenecks leading to unfavorable prognosis. Here, an integrated tumor bioimaging and multimodal therapeutic strategy is developed, which converts immune cold into hot by modulating oxidative stress levels, enhancing photo‐killing efficacy, inducing immunogenic cell death and inhibiting the immune checkpoint. On that occasion, the unique tumor microenvironment can be harnessed to biosynthesize in situ self‐assembly iron complexes and fluorescent gold nanoclusters from metal ions Fe(II) and Au(III) for active targeting and real‐time visualization of the tumors, simultaneously regulating reactive oxygen species levels within tumors via peroxidase‐like activity. Furthermore, methylene blue (MB)‐mediated photodynamic therapy promotes the release of damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which acts as in situ tumor vaccine and further induces dendritic cells maturation, augments the infiltration of antitumor T cells and significantly impedes the primary tumor growth and proliferation. More strikingly, by synergizing with the programmed cell death receptor‐1 (PD‐1) checkpoint inhibitor, the immunosuppressive microenvironment is remodeled and the survival time of model mice is prolonged. In summary, this paradigm utilizes the tumor‐specific microenvironment to boost robust and durable systemic antitumor immunity, providing a novel opportunity for precision cancer theranostics.
Skin‐Mountable Functional Electronic Materials for Bio‐Integrated Devices
Authors: Oh Jin Young , Lee Yeongjun , Lee Tae‐Woo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSkin‐mountable electronic materials are being intensively evaluated for use in bio‐integrated devices that can mutually interact with the human body. Over the past decade, functional electronic materials inspired by the skin are developed with new functionalities to address the limitations of traditional electronic materials for bio‐integrated devices. Herein, the recent progress in skin‐mountable functional electronic materials for skin‐like electronics is introduced with a focus on five perspectives that entail essential functionalities: stretchability, self‐healing ability, biocompatibility, breathability, and biodegradability. All functionalities are advanced with each strategy through rational material designs. The skin‐mountable functional materials enable the fabrication of bio‐integrated electronic devices, which can lead to new paradigms of electronics combining with the human body.
Ionic Conduction‐Based Polycrystalline Oxide Gamma Ray Detection – Radiation‐Ionic Effects
Authors: Defferriere Thomas , Helal Ahmed Sami , Li Ju , Rupp Jennifer L. M. , Tuller Harry L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNewly discovered opto‐ionic effects in metal oxides provide unique opportunities for functional ceramic applications. The authors generalize the recently demonstrated grain boundary opto‐ionic effect observed in solid electrolyte thin films under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to a radiation‐ionic effect that can be applied to bulk materials and used for gamma‐rays (γ‐rays) detection. Near room temperature, lightly doped Gd‐doped CeO2, a polycrystalline ion conducting ceramic, exhibits a resistance ratio change ≈103 and reversible response in ionic current when exposed to 60Co γ‐ray (1.1 and 1.3 MeV). This is attributed to the steady state passivation of space charge barriers at grain boundaries, that act as virtual electrodes, capturing radiation‐induced electrons, in turn lowering space charge barrier heights, and thereby exclusively modulating the ionic carrier flow within the ceramic electrolytes. Such behavior allows significant electrical response under low fields, that is, < 2 V cm−1, paving the way to inexpensive, sensitive, low‐power, and miniaturizable solid‐state devices, uniquely suited for operating in harsh (high temperature, pressure, and corrosive) environments. This discovery presents opportunities for portable and/or scalable radiation detectors benefiting geothermal drilling, small modular reactors, nuclear security, and waste management.
Multimaterial Volumetric Printing of Silica‐Based Glasses
Authors: Barbera Lorenzo , Madrid‐Wolff Jorge , Emma Roberto , Masania Kunal , Boniface Antoine , Loterie Damien , Delrot Paul , Moser Christophe , Studart André R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSilicate glasses have played a major role as structural and functional materials in human civilization since ancient Egypt. Despite their widespread use and importance in modern society, silica glasses with complex geometries are only fabricated in automated processes using 3D printing. Here, the volumetric printing of silica‐based glasses with tunable multimaterial and microstructural control is reported. Volumetric printing enables complex shaping of photo‐reactive resins in a few seconds using illumination techniques analogous to those employed for medical imaging. Particle‐filled and phase‐separating resins are used as photo‐reactive feedstock that is quickly printed in 3D and subsequently converted into silica glasses through conventional heat treatment. Using rheology and imaging techniques, it is shown that the design of the resin is crucial to print complex geometries with high shape fidelity. The capabilities of the printing platform are demonstrated by fabricating a silica‐based filtration device combining dense and porous glass with tunable compositions in a unique 3D structure.
Distribution‐Agnostic Deep Learning Enables Accurate Single‐Cell Data Recovery and Transcriptional Regulation Interpretation
Authors: Su Yanchi , Yu Zhuohan , Yang Yuning , Wong Ka‐Chun , Li Xiangtao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSingle‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) is a robust method for studying gene expression at the single‐cell level, but accurately quantifying genetic material is often hindered by limited mRNA capture, resulting in many missing expression values. Existing imputation methods rely on strict data assumptions, limiting their broader application, and lack reliable supervision, leading to biased signal recovery. To address these challenges, authors developed Bis, a distribution‐agnostic deep learning model for accurately recovering missing sing‐cell gene expression from multiple platforms. Bis is an optimal transport‐based autoencoder model that can capture the intricate distribution of scRNA‐seq data while addressing the characteristic sparsity by regularizing the cellular embedding space. Additionally, they propose a module using bulk RNA‐seq data to guide reconstruction and ensure expression consistency. Experimental results show Bis outperforms other models across simulated and real datasets, showcasing superiority in various downstream analyses including batch effect removal, clustering, differential expression analysis, and trajectory inference. Moreover, Bis successfully restores gene expression levels in rare cell subsets in a tumor‐matched peripheral blood dataset, revealing developmental characteristics of cytokine‐induced natural killer cells within a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment.
Large‐Scale Proteome Profiling Identifies Biomarkers Associated with Suspected Neurosyphilis Diagnosis
Authors: Li Jun , Ma Jie , Liu MingJuan , Li Mansheng , Zhang Ming , Yin Wenhao , Wu Mengyin , Li Xiao , Zhang Qiyu , Zhang Hanlin , Zheng Heyi , Mao Chenhui , Sun Jian , Wang Wenze , Lyu Wei , Yue Xueping , Weng Wenjia , Li Juan , Chen Fengxin , Zhu Yunping , Leng Ling 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNeurosyphilis (NS) is a central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum). NS can occur at any stage of syphilis and manifests as a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms. Often referred to as “the great imitator,” NS can be easily overlooked or misdiagnosed due to the absence of standard diagnostic tests, potentially leading to severe and irreversible organ dysfunction. In this study, proteomic and machine learning model techniques are used to characterize 223 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples to identify diagnostic markers of NS and provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of the associated inflammatory responses. Three biomarkers (SEMA7A, SERPINA3, and ITIH4) are validated as contributors to NS diagnosis through multicenter verification of an additional 115 CSF samples. We anticipate that the identified biomarkers will become effective tools for assisting in diagnosis of NS. Our insights into NS pathogenesis in brain tissue may inform therapeutic strategies and drug discoveries for NS patients.