bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nucleation Regulation and Mesoscopic Dielectric Screening in α‐FAPbI3
Authors: Tian Ruijia , Liu Chang , Meng Yuanyuan , Wang Yaohua , Cao Ruikun , Tang Bencan , Walsh Darren , Do Hainam , Wu Haodong , Wang Kai , Sun Kexuan , Yang Shuncheng , Zhu Jintao , Li Xin , Ge Ziyi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhile significant advancements in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of α‐FAPbI3perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been made, attaining controllable perovskite crystallization is still a considerable hurdle. This challenge stems from the initial formation of δ‐FAPbI3, a more energetically stable phase than the desired black α‐phase, during film deposition. This disrupts the heterogeneous nucleation of α‐FAPbI3, causing the formation of mixed phases and defects. To this end, polarity engineering using molecular additives, specifically ((methyl‐sulfonyl)phenyl)ethylamines (MSPEs) are introduced. The findings reveal that the interaction of PbI2‐MSPEs‐FAI intermediates is enhanced with the increased polarity of MSPEs, which in turn expedites the nucleation of α‐FAPbI3. This leads to the development of high‐quality α‐FAPbI3 films, characterized by vertical crystal orientation and reduced residual stresses. Additionally, the increased dipole moment of MSPE at perovskite grain boundaries attenuates Coulomb attractions among charged defects and screens carrier capture process, thereby diminishing non‐radiative recombination. Utilizing these mechanisms, PSCs treated with highly polar 2‐(4‐MSPE) achieve an impressive PCE of 25.2% in small‐area devices and 20.5% in large‐area perovskite solar modules (PSMs) with an active area of 70 cm2. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of this strategy in achieving controllable crystallization of α‐FAPbI3, paving the way for scalable‐production of high‐efficiency PSMs.
Smart Nanofibers: Synthesis, Properties, and Scopes in Future Advanced Technologies
Authors: Chamanehpour Elham , Thouti Sandeep , Rubahn Horst‐Günter , Dolatshahi‐Pirouz Alireza , Mishra Yogendra Kumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFunctional nanoengineering of nanofibrous materials is getting more important day by day due to an increased demand for smart nanomaterials in many industrial technologies. A simple synthesis and extraordinary features, e.g., high specific surface area, multi‐dimensional structure, small pores, self‐adjustment, flexibility, elasticity, etc., open a wide application range for smart nanofibers as important components in daily‐life appliances. These nanofibrous materials can potentially revolutionize medical, agriculture, food, energy, water, and wastewater treatment technologies due to their capacity to detect small changes (ppm and ppb levels) and simultaneously react to the involved environmental stimuli. In this work, a detailed overview of smart nanofibers in terms of their functionalities, fabrication strategies, and technological applications relevant to fulfilling society's sustainable development goals (SDGs) is provided. Various techniques for functionalizing the nanofibers are covered, along with their unique characteristics, which strengthen the portfolio of properties and thus new applications. Finally, the important usage of nanofibers in the environmental and human healthcare fields is briefly discussed, along with the potential applications in other future technologies. This work demonstrates the challenges and possibilities for smart nanofibers and their applications while simultaneously addressing a new era of multidisciplinary research toward the creation and new uses of smart nanofibers.
Domino Transformations of 3‐Fluoro‐1,2,4‐Triazine Derivatives towards Spirocyclic and Fused Pyridines
Authors: Lapray Anthony , Martzel Thomas , Hiebel Marie‐Aude , Oudeyer Sylvain , Suzenet Franck , Brière Jean‐François 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA domino SNAr‐ihDA/rDA reaction was developed from rarely exploited 3‐fluoro‐1,2,4‐triazines with bifunctional alkyne tethered nucleophiles to construct various fused non‐aromatic/heteroaromatic bicycles in yields ranging from 56 to 99%, notably within the family of valuable spirooxindole derivatives. In this study, the challenging enantioselective phase‐transfer catalyzed arylation of a sulfonyl‐triazine was also demonstrated with up to 66% ee. In both racemic and asymmetric processes, the nature of the leaving group at C3 was key to successfully achieve these sequences.
Insights into Molten Salts Induced Structural Defects in Graphitic Carbon Nitrides for Piezo‐Photocatalysis with Multiple H2O2 Production Channels
Authors: Ly Pho Phuong , Nguyen Duc‐Viet , Luu Tuyen Anh , Hung Nguyen Quang , Hue Pham Thi , Hue Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Pham Minh‐Thuan , Ung Thuy Dieu Thi , Bich Do Danh , Phan Pham Duc Minh , Anh Nguyen Hoai , Toan Huynh Phuoc , Bui Dai‐Phat , Dao Vinh‐Ai , Hur Seung Hyun , Vuong Hoai‐Thanh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElucidating the impact of heteroatoms in graphitic carbon nitrides (g‐C3N4) is of utmost importance to rationalize materials. Hence, in this study, oxygen‐doped g‐C3N4 containing trace amounts of halogen in the structures for piezo‐photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxides (H2O2) is fabricated. The findings reveal that oxygen atoms may be inserted into g‐C3N4 in‐plane structures, while halogen atoms tend to become intercalated between g‐C3N4 layers. Furthermore, the presence of ammonium molten salts (NH4X) during the synthesis alters the concentration of mono and cluster vacancies of carbon and nitrogen in the materials, certifying by positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS). These defective contributions will be meaningfully accelerate catalytic performance by providing trapping states. Additionally, the decomposition of generated H2O2 can produce highly oxidative hydroxyl radicals, inducing degradations on the catalyst's structures and unexpectedly decreasing catalytic outcomes. From the mechanistic view, different reduction and oxidation channels will be play a pivotal role in generating H2O2. Moreover, the influence of ultrasound and light is also carefully investigated in the work to gain more insights into how the catalysts are triggered to improve catalytic performance. Thus, this study highlights the importance of carefully characterizing structures of g‐C3N4 to precisely understand the catalytic properties, benefiting catalytic design and development.
Ultrasound‐Stimulated “Exocytosis” by Cell‐Like Microbubbles Enhances Antibacterial Species Penetration and Immune Activation Against Implant Infection
Authors: Xiu Weijun , Li Xiaoye , Li Qiang , Ding Meng , Zhang Yu , Wan Ling , Wang Siyu , Gao Yu , Mou Yongbin , Wang Lianhui , Dong Heng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHost immune systems serving as crucial defense lines are vital resisting mechanisms against biofilm‐associated implant infections. Nevertheless, biofilms hinder the penetration of anti‐bacterial species, inhibit phagocytosis of immune cells, and frustrate host inflammatory responses, ultimately resulting in the weakness of the host immune system for biofilm elimination. Herein, a cell‐like construct is developed through encapsulation of erythrocyte membrane fragments on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticle‐fabricated microbubbles and then loaded with hydroxyurea (EMB‐Hu). Under ultrasound (US) stimulation, EMB‐Hu undergoes a stable oscillation manner to act in an “exocytosis” mechanism for disrupting biofilm, releasing agents, and enhancing penetration of catalytically generated anti‐bacterial species within biofilms. Additionally, the US‐stimulated “exocytosis” by EMB‐Hu can activate pro‐inflammatory macrophage polarization and enhance macrophage phagocytosis for clearance of disrupted biofilms. Collectively, this work has exhibited cell‐like microbubbles with US‐stimulated “exocytosis” mechanisms to overcome the biofilm barrier and signal macrophages for inflammatory activation, finally achieving favorable therapeutic effects against implant infections caused by methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilms.
Ultrasound imaging of the dorsalis pedis artery as an early indicator of the precursory changes for rheumatoid vasculitis: A case series
Authors: Boman Robyn , Penkala Stefania , Chan Rosa H. M. , Joshua Fredrick , Cheung Roy Tsz Hei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionClinical verification of rheumatoid vasculitis (RV) persists as a mid‐to‐late diagnosis with medical imaging or biopsy. Early and subclinical presentations of RV, in particular, can remain underdiagnosed in the absence of adequate diagnostic testing. In this study, the research demonstrated the precursory changes for RV in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using non‐invasive ultrasound imaging of a peripheral vessel.MethodSix participants were recruited: three participants with (RA) and three age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls. All participants completed a Foot Health Survey Questionnaire (FHSQ), and participants with RA completed a Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index‐5 (RADAI‐5). Bilateral B‐mode and Doppler ultrasound of the dorsalis pedis artery (DPA) was performed. The degree of inflammation, lumen and artery diameters, lumen diameter‐to‐artery diameter ratio and peak systolic velocity in the proximal DPA were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe mean RADAI‐5 score (5.4 ± 0.8 out of 10) indicated moderate disease activity amongst participants with RA. Inflammation was observed in the DPA wall in all participants with RA, compared to no inflammation observed in the control group (Friedmans two‐way analysis: χ2 = 15.733, P = 0.003). Differences between groups for inflammation, lumen diameter and lumen diameter‐to‐artery diameter ratio were found (P < 0.034), without differences for artery diameter and peak systolic velocity (P > 0.605). DPA wall inflammation did not correlate with FHSQ scores (r = −0.770, P = 0.073).ConclusionDespite moderate RA disease activity, this is the first study to demonstrate the use of ultrasound to observe inflammation in small vessel disease. Our findings suggest ultrasound imaging may be a viable screening tool to demonstrate arterial wall inflammation, indicating the precursory changes of RV.
Association of plasma biomarkers with cognition, cognitive decline, and daily function across and within neurodegenerative diseases: Results from the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative
Authors: Sanchez Erlan , Wilkinson Tim , Coughlan Gillian , Mirza Saira , Baril Andrée‐Ann , Ramirez Joel , Binns Malcolm A. , Black Sandra E. , Borrie Michael , Dilliott Allison A. , Dixon Roger A. , Dowlatshahi Dar , Farhan Sali , Finger Elizabeth , Fischer Corinne E. , Frank Andrew , Freedman Morris , Goncalves Rafaella A. , Grimes David A. , Hassan Ayman , Hegele Robert A. , Kumar Sanjeev , Lang Anthony E. , Marras Connie , McLaughlin Paula M. , Orange Joseph B. , Pasternak Stephen H. , Pollock Bruce G. , Rajji Tarek K. , Roberts Angela C. , Robinson John F. , Rogaeva Ekaterina , Sahlas Demetrios J. , Saposnik Gustavo , Strong Michael J. , Swartz Richard H. , Tang‐Wai David F. , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Troyer Angela K. , Kvartsberg Hlin , Zetterberg Henrik , Munoz Douglas P. ,   the ONDRI Investigators, Masellis Mario 
Published: December 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe investigated whether novel plasma biomarkers are associated with cognition, cognitive decline, and functional independence in activities of daily living across and within neurodegenerative diseases.METHODSGlial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)181 and amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 were measured using ultra‐sensitive Simoa immunoassays in 44 healthy controls and 480 participants diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease/mild cognitive impairment (AD/MCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum disorders, or cerebrovascular disease (CVD).RESULTSGFAP, NfL, and/or p‐tau181 were elevated among all diseases compared to controls, and were broadly associated with worse baseline cognitive performance, greater cognitive decline, and/or lower functional independence. While GFAP, NfL, and p‐tau181 were highly predictive across diseases, p‐tau181 was more specific to the AD/MCI cohort. Sparse associations were found in the FTD and CVD cohorts and for Aβ42/40.DISCUSSIONGFAP, NfL, and p‐tau181 are valuable predictors of cognition and function across common neurodegenerative diseases, and may be useful in specialized clinics and clinical trials.
Metallacyclobuta‐(2,3)‐diene: A Bidentate Ligand for Stream‐line Synthesis of First Row Transition Metal Catalysts for Cyclic Polymerization of Phenylacetylene
Authors: Russell John B. , Konar Debabrata , Keller Taylor M. , Gau Michael R. , Carroll Patrick J. , Telser Joshua , Lester Daniel W. , Veige Adam S. , Sumerlin Brent S. , Mindiola Daniel J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDescribed here is a direct entry to two examples of 3d transition metal catalysts that are active for the cyclic polymerization of phenylacetylene, namely, [(BDI)M{κ2‐C,C‐(Me3SiC3SiMe3)}] (2‐M) (BDI=[ArNC(CH3)]2CH−, Ar=2,6‐iPr2C6H3; M=Ti, V). Catalysts are prepared in one step by the treatment of [(BDI)MCl2] (1‐M, M=Ti, V) with 1,3‐dilithioallene [Li2(Me3SiC3SiMe3)]. Complexes 2‐M have been spectroscopically and structurally characterized and the polymers that are catalytically formed from phenylacetylene were verified to have a cyclic topology based on a combination of size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC) and intrinsic viscosity studies. Two‐electron oxidation of 2‐V with nitrous oxide (N2O) cleanly yields a [VV] alkylidene‐alkynyl oxo complex [(BDI)V(=O){κ1‐C‐(=C(SiMe3)CC(SiMe3))}] (3), which lends support for how this scaffold in 2‐M might be operating in the polymerization of the terminal alkyne. This work demonstrates how alkylidynes can be circumvented using 1,3‐dianionic allene as a segue into M−C multiple bonds.
Consumer Grade Polyethylene Recycling via Hydrogenolysis on Ultrafine Supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Jaydev Shibashish D. , Martín Antonio J. , Usteri Marc‐Eduard , Chikri Katia , Eliasson Henrik , Erni Rolf , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCatalytic hydrogenolysis has the potential to convert high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), which comprises about 30 % of plastic waste, into valuable alkanes. Most investigations have focused on increasing activity for lab grade HDPEs displaying low molecular weight, with limited mechanistic understanding of the product distribution. No efficient catalyst is available for consumer grades due to their lower reactivity. This study targets HDPE used in bottle caps, a waste form generated globally at a rate of approximately one million units per hour. Ultrafine ruthenium particles (1 nm) supported on titania (anatase) achieved up to 80 % conversion into light alkanes (C1−C45) under mild conditions (498 K, 20 bar H2, 4 h) and were reused for three cycles. Small ruthenium nanoparticles were critical to achieving relevant conversions, as activity sharply decreased with particle size. Selectivity commonalities and peculiarities across HDPE grades were disclosed by a reaction modelling approach applied to products. Isomerization cedes to backbone scission as the reaction progresses. Within this trend, low molecular weight favor isomerization whilst high molecular weight favor cleavage. Commercial caps obeyed this trend with decreased activity, anticipating the influence of additives in realistic processing. This study demonstrates effective hydrogenolysis of consumer grade polyethylene and provides selectivity patterns for product control.
Boosting CO2 Photoreduction to Formate or CO with High Selectivity over a Covalent Organic Framework Covalently Anchored on Graphene Oxide
Authors: Gong Yun‐Nan , Mei Jian‐Hua , Shi Wen‐Jie , Liu Jin‐Wang , Zhong Di‐Chang , Lu Tong‐Bu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been widely studied in photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). However, pristine COFs usually exhibit low catalytic efficiency owing to the fast recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. In this study, we fabricated a stable COF‐based composite (GO‐COF‐366‐Co) by covalently anchoring COF‐366‐Co on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) for the photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Interestingly, in absolute acetonitrile (CH3CN), GO‐COF‐366‐Co shows a high selectivity of 94.4 % for the photoreduction of CO2 to formate, with a formate yield of 15.8 mmol/g, which is approximately four times higher than that using the pristine COF‐366‐Co. By contrast, in CH3CN/H2O (v : v=4 : 1), the main product for the photocatalytic CO2 reduction over GO‐COF‐366‐Co is CO (96.1 %), with a CO yield as high as 52.2 mmol/g, which is also approximately four times higher than that using the pristine COF‐366‐Co. Photoelectrochemical experiments demonstrate the covalent bonding of COF‐366‐Co and GO to form the GO‐COF‐366‐Co composite facilitates charge separation and transfer significantly, thereby accounting for the enhanced catalytic activity. In addition, theoretical calculations and in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveal H2O can stabilize the *COOH intermediate to further form a *CO intermediate via O−H(aq)⋅⋅⋅O(*COOH) hydrogen bonding, thus explaining the regulated photocatalytic performance.
A novel bio‐based charcoal‐forming agent based on chitosan and phytate@Mg to improve the flame retardancy of poly(lactic acid)
Authors: Chen Yuhan , Yin Nian , Wang Yunfei , Gao Shanjun , Shen Chunhui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA novel bio‐based carbon forming agent (Mg@PA‐CS) containing P and N elements was were synthesized using the complexation characteristics of chitosan (CS) and phytate (PA). The flame retardant behavior of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/Mg@PA‐CS/APP composites (addition of 20 wt% of different ratios of Mg@PA‐CS and APP to polylactic acid composites) were investigated by the limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL‐94), cone calorimetry test (CCT), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Due to the biphasic flame retardant and synergistic effect, since the 20 wt% flame retardant system (Mg@PA‐CS:APP = 1:2), PLA composites passed the UL‐94 test V‐0 rating, reached 34% LOI value. The peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release rate (THR) were reduced to 1/2 of the pure PLA, char residue could be as high as 11.49% at 800°C. Moreover, the flame‐retardant mechanism of PLA composites during thermal decomposition was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the coupling techniques of TGA linked with FT‐IR (TG‐FTIR).
Highly sensitive detection of glucose at a novel non‐enzyme electrochemical sensing based on Mo‐doped CoO Nanosheets
Authors: Xia Pengkun , Pan Jing , Zhang Yue , Mao Mingzhen , Ma Lei , Chen Jianlin , Zhang Long , Wang Hui , Fan Hui , Gao Xiaohui , Deng Lianwen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, a Mo doped CoO nanosheet grown on nickel foam (labeled as: Mo−CoO) with defect‐rich and improved electron transfer capacity was designed to be used as a novel non‐enzyme electrode material. Physical characterizations demonstrated the Mo elements were doped inside of the samples and they were mutually stabilized with each other, resulting in a high structural stability electrochemical catalytical activity even if the content of Mo was low. For non‐enzymatic glucose electrochemical sensing, the prepared Mo−CoO‐1 showed a remarkable sensitivity of 89.3 mA cm−2 mM−1, and a low detection limit of 0.43 μM. Density functional theory (DFT) studies revealed that the doped Mo atom exhibited a higher d‐band center compared to the Co atom. A stronger p‐d orbital hybridization between the glucose and the Mo atoms indicated the enhancement of glucose adsorption and activation. Importantly, Mo−CoO‐1 provided a good selectivity and long‐term stability, which can be expected to be used in future practical applications.
Design of a decentralized control law for variable area coupled tank systems using H∞complimentary sensitivity function
Authors: K. R. Achu Govind , Mahapatra Subhasish , Ranjan Mahapatro Soumya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel graphical approach to control the liquid levels of the different variable area coupled tank systems using a decentralized controller. The coupled tank systems are common benchmark systems that consist of two tanks interconnected with each other. The primary goal is to maintain the liquid level in the tank at the desired set point by controlling the flow rate. This is attained with a decentralized method wherein the controller values are obtained from the plane. Besides, the robust criteria is enforced to guarantee the robustness. The proposed controller design approach aims to improve the performance of the system in terms of disturbance rejection and tracking. The decentralized control structure uses a distributed control strategy, thereby reducing the computational load which leads to improving the control performance. The loop interactions are minimized with decouplers. Furthermore, first‐order plus dead‐time (FOPDT) models are derived for each of the decoupled subsystems. Besides, the servo and regulatory responses of the controller are verified with input and output disturbances. Additionally, the response of the controller to system uncertainties and parameter variations is also studied. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.
Corporate digital transformation, market competition, and the environmental performance—Microevidence from Chinese manufacturing
Authors: Deng Xiu Jie , Yuan Man Qing , Luo Cai Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, as China's economy has grown at a rapid pace and social welfare has increased dramatically, environmental issues have become increasingly prominent. Whether companies undertaking digital transformation will improve the environmental performance has drawn the focus of scholars. For this reason, this paper uses the microfirm data of China's manufacturing industry from 2011 to 2020 to explore the relationship between corporate digital transformation (CDT), market competition, and environmental performance, as well as its external mechanism. The study has found that in the analysis of environmental performance measured by firms' pollution emissions, the improvement of the level of CDT shows a nonlinear trajectory in its impact on environmental performance. With a highly centralized market environment, the impact of CDT on environmental performance is further diminished. By analyzing the variability of the degree of market competition, the CDT can promote the environmental performance by enhancing market competition (reducing market concentration). In addition, from the perspective of source reduction, the CDT also advances the environmental performance. The research conclusions contribute to the study of environmental performance, which can guide the transformation from end‐of‐pipe pollutant emissions to source reduction to promote the sustainable development of enterprises.