bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis of Lesion Characteristics and Thrombus Types in Non ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: He Qing , Yu Haijia , Li Jingchao , Song Huihui , Cui Luqian , Ma Lingkun , Kang Yue , Ding Zihan , Chu Yingjie , Dong Shujuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: The precise features of lesions in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients with total occlusion (TO) of the infarct-related artery (IRA) are still unclear. This study employs optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate pathological features in NSTEMI patients with or without IRA TO and explores the relationship between thrombus types and IRA occlusion.
Methods:This was a single-center retrospective study. A total of 202 patients diagnosed with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) were divided into two groups: those with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade 0 before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (referred to as the TO group, n=100) and those TIMI flow grade 1-3 (referred to as the Non-TO group, n=102). Baseline characteristics, coronary angiography findings, and OCT results were collected. Multivariate logistic analysis identified factors influencing TO in NSTEMI. The category of NSTEMI was further subdivided based on the type of electrocardiogram (ECG) into two subgroups: ST segment unoffset myocardial infarction (STUMI) and ST segment depression myocardial infarction (STDMI). This division allows for a more specific classification of NSTEMI cases.
Results:The TO group had a younger age, higher male representation, more smokers, lower hypertension and cerebrovascular disease incidence, lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and higher creatine kinase myocardial band (CKMB) and creatine kinase (CK) peak levels. In the TO group, LCX served as the main IRA (52.0%), whereas in the Non-TO group, LAD was the predominant IRA (45.1%). Compared to the Non-TO group, OCT findings demonstrated that red thrombus/mixed thrombus was more common in the TO group, along with a lower occurrence of white thrombus (P<0.001). The TO group exhibited a higher prevalence of STUMI (P=0.001), whereas STDMI was more commonly observed in the Non-TO group (P=0.001).
Conclusion: NSTEMI presents as STUMI and STDMI distinct entities. Red thrombus/mixed thrombus in IRA often indicates occlusive lesions with STUMI on ECG. White thrombus suggests non-occlusive lesions with STDMI on ECG.
Unlocking Carbon Emission Reduction Potential in Brazilian Grain Transportation
Authors: Branco José Eduardo Holler , Bartholomeu Daniela Bacchi , Alves Paulo Nocera , Cruz José Cesar , Filho José Vicente Caixeta , Melo Isotilia Costa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Energy performance and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are crucial aspects of transport systems planning. Freight transportation is responsible for around 20% of global emissions. A large amount of cargo is transported by trucks over long-distance routes. In Brazil (the fifth-largest country globally and the largest in Latin America), this transportation mode has the highest emission in the transport industry. This paper aims to develop an exploratory analysis of impacting actions and policies to reduce emissions in Brazilian most frequent freight transportation cargo and quantitatively measure the impacts. The results reveal that the policies and actions have the potential to cut 30% of the yearly emissions in 2029, i.e., avoiding the emission of roughly five million tons of CO2 per year. Also, they could promote expressive economic gains. The identified best practices can be replicated in global contexts with land transportation over long-distance routes, significantly contributing to reducing climate change.
vGRF analysis based on GRA-BP model to predict volleyball smash landing
Authors: zhang nan , Meng Qing-hua , Bao Chun-yu , Zhou Lu-xing , Fu Guang-liang , Cui Shuai-qi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Vertical Ground Reaction Force (vGRF) is essential for the biomechanical analysis of volleyball players.
Objective A method of constructing a coupled mathematical model of Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) and BP neural networks to predict the vGRF of volleyball players hitting the ball on the ground instead of a three-dimensional force table.
method 20 second-level volleyball players from the Tianjin Institute of Physical Education were selected to demonstrate the volleyball smash action in a two-step running mode, and kinematic data and vGRF were collected synchronously using the Qualisys 8-lens infrared spot high-speed motion capture system and the Kistler three-dimensional force measuring table. Opensim was used to calculate the kinematic data of volleyball players performing a two-step running smash. GRA was used to screen kinematic indicators with a correlation of less than 0.98, root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and mean absolute error (MAE) were used as evaluation indicators of the GRA-BP model, and Kendall's( W) coefficient evaluation was used to predict the agreement between vGRF and measured vGRF.
Results The GRA results showed that the correlation degree of 13 kinematic data such as pelvic anterior tilt angle, pelvic tilt angle and pelvic rotation angle was higher than 0.98. The root mean square error (RMSE) between the predicted value and the measured value is 0.33 BW, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is 4%, the mean absolute error (MAE) is 0.29 BW, and the Kendall's W coefficient is 0.945, P≤0.001.
Conclusions The established GRA-BP model can significantly improve the accuracy of volleyball players in hitting the ball and vGRF and significantly reduce the measurement time. At the same time, the mathematical model provides data support for scientific training and better accompanies athletes' health training and participation. Finally, the model has good reproducibility and easy operation, and will also provide theoretical and practical reference for guiding national sports and scientific fitness.
Recession Prediction Using Multiple Machine Learning Methods and Historical Economic Data
Authors: Mackay Philip , Ghafoor Mubeen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Recent economic recessions have been triggered by a diverse range of factors. Consequently, traditional predictive methods have only been partially effective at identifying them. This paper investigates the use of machine learning methods to improve the accuracy of economic recession prediction in both the UK and USA. LR, LDA, KNN, DTC, GNB, SVC, NN, RTC, LSTM, CNN and XGB models were tested with economic data from 1900 onwards. The UK data included gross domestic product, unemployment rate, inflation, FTSE 100 index, yield curve and levels of debt. For the USA the 50-day simple moving average 10-year treasury rates minus 50-day simple moving average 3-month treasury rates was utilised. Averaged F1, recall and accuracy for 100 iterations of each model were used to assess overall performance. Confusion matrices displayed each model’s predictions against actual events. During training, accuracy was high for all models, ranging from 1.0 to 0.81. Recall, F1 and confusion matrix results varied widely. LSTM performed best with recall and F1 values 0.96 and 0.97 and correctly identifying 11 in 12 Positive USA events. KNN, DTC, RFC and XGB displayed good results with recall 0.99 to 0.75, F1 1.0 to 0.69 and correctly identified 2 in 3 Positive events. LR, GNB and NN returned less reliable predictions with recall 0.24 to 0.54, F1 0.32 to 0.49 and correctly identifying 1 in 3 Positive events. LDA, SVC and CNN were inadequate with recall 0.07 to 0 and F1 0.12 to 0, returning few true Positive predictions. Using recent data, most models predicted the USA avoiding recession during 2023-24. However, the probability increased from 0.01 to 0.5 by mid-2023, then reduce once more. LR, LDA and LSTM initially predicted no recession, but the probability rapid increased to between 0.83 and 0.97 by April 2024. Although recession may be avoided, modelling suggested an increasing risk. The results confirm the usefulness of machine learning in recession prediction. The importance of diverse training datasets is highlighted. Performance of the individual algorithms varied, with several poor at accurately identifying the rare recession events amongst abundant non-recession events. The neural network models, especially LSTM and XGB proved most accurate. To further improve performance, work to refine the training datasets and further utilise advanced models, such as LSTM is required.
Effect of Chemical Modification on the Distribution of Electrophoretic Mobilities of Individual Molecules of E. coli beta-Galactosidase
Authors: Riehl Brynne K , Klassen Allyster BT , Abas Sumaiya , Pathak Winner , Craig Douglas B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Escherichia coli β-galactosidase was labelled with 1 mM fluorescein 5-carbamoylmethylthiopropanoic N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester for 1 and 3 min. The samples were separated by capillary electrophoresis and peak areas compared to standards of label after attachment of BSA in order to determine the concentration of attached label. Enzyme concentration in the samples was determined by single molecule counting. The average number of labels attached to each molecule of enzyme was found to be 3.1 and 4.5. The distribution of single enzyme molecule electrophoretic mobilities for the unlabelled enzyme and that labelled for 1 and 3 minutes were measured using capillary electrophoresis. The average mobilities were found determined to be -1.99x10− 8 m2V− 1s− 1 ± 1.3x10− 9 m2V− 1s− 1 (N = 39), -2.16 x10− 8 m2V− 1s− 1 ± 1.9x10− 9 m2V− 1s− 1 (N = 46), and − 2.18 x10− 8 m2V− 1s− 1 ± 2.1x10− 9 (N = 39) respectively. A protein electrophoresis model was applied and predicted that the differences in average mobilities could be explained through relatively minor changes in overall charge, Stokes radius, and shape. This difference was similar to the range in mobilities observed in the unlabelled protein. This is consistent with the electrophoretic heterogeneity of the unmodified enzyme being caused by relatively small differences in charge, size, and shape of the individual molecules in the population.
Viscoelastic Surfaces and interfaces inversely to classical laws of friction @ Tribology
Authors: Tomar P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tribology of bio and bio-inspired interface is useful for assessment of friction, lubrication, and wear of interacting surfaces. The ultra-low friction coefficient (~ 0.01 or less) of soft biological interface in sliding condition is due to the impact of surface chemistry and biomechanical diffusion. The biomimicry of soft hydrogels from hydrophobic macromolecules with supramolecular interaction of hydration shells is emerging for designing of amphiphilic substrates. The viscoelasticity is the inherent mechanical property of soft biological matter/hydrogels for performance under loadings.
QSPR Analysis of Some Novel Drugs Used for Cardiovascular Diseases through Degree-Based Topological Indices and Regression Models
Authors: Hakeem Abdul , Ullah Asad , Zaman Shahid , Jabeen Safina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Degree-based topological indices play a significant role in Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) analysis, to predict the properties and potential efficacy of novel drugs used in heart failure treatment. These indices are mathematical representation of molecular structures which are based on the degree of atoms within a molecule. In this paper, Degree-based topological indices are used in QSPR analysis of novel drugs for heart failure treatment. This analytical approach provides a valuable insight into the effectiveness and safety of these medications. Moreover, it can help researchers to identify promising novel drugs for heart failure treatment, while minimizing the risk associated with drug development. It can contribute to design medicines with improved therapeutic efficacy and ultimately lead to better outcomes for heart failure patients. This paper focuses on the computation of seven degree-based topological indices and QSPR analysis for eight heart failure drugs (Pentoxifylline, Prasugrel, Dabigatran, Nebivolol, Ezetimibe, Enalapril, Irbesartan and Nicorandil) to Correlate four physicochemical properties (Complexity, Molar volume, Reactivity and Molecular Weight). By correlating the topological indices with experimental biological properties, we can identify key molecular features that can contribute to the drug's effectiveness in treating heart failure.
Effect of dissolved oxygen regulation on the content of ganoderic acid S and R in mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum in a two-stage culture by oscillatory-stationary culture
Authors: Tang Chenmin , Liu Yanfang , Jiang Xingyi , Tang Chuanhong , Feng Jie , Zhang Jingsong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Currently, liquid fermentation is regarded as a feasible method for cultivating thyme as contrast to subentity culture. Nevertheless, the production of ganoderic acid S and R is still rather limited, thus requiring the need for parameter adjustment in the liquid fermentation process. The influence of thype, an oxygen bacterium, on the viability of microorganisms during liquid fermentation is significant. Moreover, liquid ferments can be classified into two distinct categories: oscillating and static. Prior studies have primarily focused on analyzing these two approaches separately, leading to discrepancies in the consistency and concentration of the fluid form and thyme content. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to enhance the soluble parameter and incorporate both vibrating and static cultivation methods to facilitate the liquid erection of the grass. The experimental findings indicate that the manipulation of dissolved oxygen during the oscillation stage can significantly enhance the growth of Ganoderma lucidum biomass. However, its impact on the levels of ganoderic acids S and R is comparatively less pronounced. The manipulation of dissolved oxygen during the resting stage yielded contrasting outcomes, leading to a substantial increase in the levels of ganoderic acids S and R, while exerting a lower impact on biomass. The findings of this study demonstrated that the growth of G. lucidum primarily occurred during the oscillating culture stage, while the accumulation of ganoderic acid S and R was predominantly observed during the stationary culture stage. This approach introduces a novel concept for the liquid fermentation of G. lucidum, while simultaneously offering valuable insights for the industrial-scale production of ganoderic acid.
Condiciones de acceso a medicamentos oncológicos de manejo ambulatorio en pacientes con cáncer de mama, afiliadas a una administradora de planes de beneficio en Cali, Colombia
Authors: Tobar Blandón Maria Fernanda , Chicaiza Ángela 
Published: November 2023

Antecedentes: El cáncer de mama ha sido la primera causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres, presentó una tasa de incidencia de 63.9 casos por 100.000 mujeres mayores de 15 años y ocupó el primer lugar entre los tumores malignos más frecuentes en la población total de Colombia y a nivel local. El tratamiento óptimo de la enfermedad está dirigido a lograr el control in situ y evitar la metástasis, no obstante, hay un incremento del reporte de quejas por barreras de accesibilidad a los servicios de salud; pese a la garantía del derecho a la salud definido en el marco legal constitucional. Objetivo: Determinar las condiciones de acceso a los medicamentos oncológicos ambulatorios en las pacientes con cáncer de mama afiliadas a una empresa administradora de planes de beneficios de la regional Cali, en el año 2019. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, diseño observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal, en mujeres afiliadas a la EAPB en donde se valoraron variables sociodemográficas y variables relacionadas con acceso efectivo a medicamentos como parte de la atención. Resultados: El 87 % de las pacientes edades entre los 51 y 80 años, 97 % pertenecieron al régimen contributivo, 94 % residió en el municipio de Cali, 30 % se encontraba en estadio clínico I al momento de la atención; el medicamento oncológico con mayor prescripción fue el tamoxifeno y el 90 % de las pacientes no tenía conocimiento del proceso para su autorización. Discusión: Las mujeres con cáncer de mama, con escolaridad superior a la secundaria y de Estratos socioeconómicos altos, tiene mayor oportunidad de acceder a los medicamentos ambulatorios para su tratamiento, porque conocen los procesos administrativos y cuentan con los recursos para realizar los trámites de autorizaciones ante la EAPB, se destaca que la percepción del grupo de pacientes del estudio respecto de la atención recibida por la EAPB es favorable.
Anemia in Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Santamaría Alza Yeison , Sánchez-Bautista Julian , Alarcón-Gómez Zully Marcela , Coy-Quiroga Amalia 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with multi-organ involvement. Anemia is common in SLE, presenting up to 50% of patients and is associated with activity of the disease. The objective of the study was to discriminate the different causes of anemia in patients with SLE and the associated variables with its presentation in a cohort of patients in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods: a cross-sectional study of 114 patients that met the classification criteria of SLE determined by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria. Descriptive analysis was performed. Quantitative variables were used: means and standard deviations (SDs) were used for those with normal distribution, and median and interquartile ranges were used for those who did not. Bivariate analysis using logistic regression with OR measurement, p-value, and confidence intervals was performed. Results: the most frequent cause of anemia was anemia of chronic disease/inflammation (60.53 %), followed by iron deficiency anemia (28.95%), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (24.56%) and megaloblastic anemia (2.53%). An association with a significant difference was found between anemia of chronic disease/inflammation and the presence of pericardial disease (OR 2.11, p=0.045). Iron deficiency anemia showed association with increase in the mortality rate (OR 2.66, p= 0.04), while the use of cyclophosphamide and azathioprine showed a decrease in the probability of presenting iron deficiency anemia (OR 0.14, p=0.045; OR 0.32, p= 0.048, respectively). Regarding the subjects with hemolytic anemia, a decrease was found a decrease in the probability of having it in the patients using azathioprine (OR 0.25, p=0.042). Conclusion: this is the first Colombian study that evaluates anemia in patients with SLE. The most frequent anemia was anemia of chronic disease/inflammation. The prevalence of megaloblastic anemia in patients with SLE was determined for the first time. Likewise, the increase in the probability of mortality in patients with iron deficiency anemia was reported, which should be considered in clinical practice.
A case study of an extreme flooding episode in Charikar, Eastern Afghanistan
Authors: Fazel-Rastgar Farahnaz , Sivakumar Venkataraman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This work investigates the meteorological mechanisms forming a classical frontal system on 26 August 2020 in the northeast and eastern parts of Afghanistan. The weather system caused heavy rainfall and led to severe flash floods. Flooding, affected by torrential rain showers, struck mostly the city of Charikar in Parvan province early in the morning day, while most people were asleep. This caused 150 deaths, and nearly 500 houses were destroyed. This research explores atmospheric processes by examining the National Centers for Environmental Prediction dataset and MERRA Model database. The calculation of the convective available potential energy (CAPE) and Showalter index extracted from the Skew-T log-pressure diagram shows a high value of the CAPE at around 2,632 J/kg and −6.6 for the Showalter index, respectively. This presents a very extreme instability in the study area during the time of the flood. The study reveals that the triggering of this system was mostly by thermodynamical aspects, low-level deep convergence, and local topographical aspects rather than the PV streamer. However, the anomaly climate analysis for different atmospheric elements with a comparison of the climate normal values shows the importance of climate change in the weather system into a stronger frontal activity associated with stronger baroclinicity over the study area.
Intraoperative Ascites and Pulmonary Edema during Hysteroscopic
Myomectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Mohsen Khaled M. , Venkatayogi Harshavardhan 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Operative hysteroscopy is a surgical technique for various procedures of the uterus, for example, hysteroscopic myomectomy[1]. This has been an
effective alternative [2] to conventional hysterectomy and has produced better surgical outcomes in terms of faster recovery, less post-operative
pain and better patient satisfaction.

Case Presentation::
A 49-year-old female was presented to the PAC clinic for hysteroscopic myomectomy for her dysfunctional uterine bleeding. There was no
medical history of any previous medical or surgical problems. Her physical examination and routine labs did not reveal any abnormalities. She was
labeled an ASA class 1 patient. Hysteroscopic myomectomy under spinal anesthesia was approved by the patient. On the day of the surgery, the
patient was presented to the preoperative patient holding and was calm and comfortable. Vital parameters recorded were under normal limits. 20 G
intravenous cannula was taken on her left dorsum of the wrist, and she was wheeled to the operating room. She was connected to ASA standard
monitors, and her blood pressure, pulse rate, and spo2 were recorded. Spinal anesthesia was performed in a sitting position with a 27 G pencil point
needle in a single attempt, and the procedure was regular. The level of anesthesia was ascertained to be till T6, and the patient was handed over to
the surgical team. Surgery was started in a low lithotomy position. 65 minutes into the surgery, the patient started to complain of intra-abdominal
pain, difficulty breathing, and started being restless. Blood pressure was 133/83mmhg, and SpO2 dropped from 98% to 86%. Her pulse rate was
112 beats per minute.

Conclusion::
The patient’s abdomen was examined by moving the operative drapes, and gross abdominal distention was noted. Lung auscultation revealed
crepitations on the basal lobes. Immediately, distention syndrome was suspected.