bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher education for refugees: relevance, challenges, and open research questions
Authors: Berg Jana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReflecting the increased public, political, and professional interest in higher education for refugees, research activity in this area has increased significantly in recent years. The growing body of literature provides new academic insights and crucial information for both policy and practice. This integrative literature review discusses 104 papers published between 2016 and 2019, contributing to the state of the research by offering a structured synopsis of the key themes and findings of this relatively new field. It first presents structural changes in the research literature, such as an increased focus on Germany and Turkey after the influx of asylum applications in 2015/16. It also outlines the high relevance of higher education for refugees, which is often discussed as the foundation of success in the host country. Further, the paper provides a synopsis of the personal, institutional, and structural challenges faced by refugees as they aim to realize their higher education goals, and an overview of structural challenges for institutions aiming to support them. In particular, the intersection of multiple challenges and the unaligned interests and needs of policymakers, higher education institutions, and refugees threaten the development of adequate support services. Finally, open questions and implications for further research are identified.
Proposing a health-specific organizational impact framework to evaluate organizational impacts in health technology assessments
Authors: Mathy Caryn , Pascal Christophe , Bongiovanni-Delarozière Isabelle , Favez Lauriane 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Health technology assessments (HTAs) have traditionally included clinical and cost-effectiveness evaluation of new health technologies (HTs). However, new HTs can generate important organizational impacts (OIs) that influence their overall value. OIs are currently not clearly identified and evaluated in HTA procedures and tools are limited. To address this issue, a comprehensive framework that allows to assess OIs of new HTs in HTAs is proposed.

Methods
A working and methodological group identified the Oslo Manual 2018, 4th edition, OECD/Eurostat, on the objectives and outcomes of commercial innovations as the basis for the OIs framework for HTAs. The Oslo Manual was translated to the healthcare sector and adapted to HTA procedures through a three-step process.

Results
The framework is composed of three main parts. Part I tackles the context of the evaluation, Part II the categories of impacts and the specific impacts – in total, 16 OIs were identified – and Part III the stakeholders involved. The central part of the framework is Part II, and consists of three categories of impacts: (i) on the care process, (ii) on the stakeholders’ capabilities and skills, and (iii) on society or the community.

Conclusions
This framework provides a comprehensive and structured basis to document OIs of new HTs. It thus contributes to the extension of HTA evaluation criteria to other dimensions than clinical and economic aspects, that is, organizational aspects. Some of its intrinsic limitations and the questions they raise in the field for policy-makers, practitioners, and researchers are discussed.
Unmasking the uncommon: bidirectional ventricular tachycardia in two rare paediatric cardiomyopathies
Authors: Sevinc Sengul Fatma , Kafali Hasan Candas , Ergul Yakup 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe present two exceptional cases of 14-year-old girls diagnosed with rare cardiomyopathies (left ventricular non-compaction, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy), both presenting with the unusual finding of bidirectional ventricular tachycardia.
Forty years of monitoring increasing sea turtle relative abundance in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Lasala Jacob Andrew , Macksey Melissa C. , Mazzarella Kristen T. , Main Kevan L. , Foote Jerris J. , Tucker Anton D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLongitudinal data sets for population abundance are essential for studies of imperiled organisms with long life spans or migratory movements, such as marine turtles. Population status trends are crucial for conservation managers to assess recovery effectiveness. A direct assessment of population growth is the enumeration of nesting numbers and quantifying nesting attempts (successful nests/unsuccessful attempts) and emergence success (number of hatchlings leaving the nest) because of the substantial annual variations due to nest placement, predation, and storm activity. We documented over 133,000 sea turtle crawls for 50.9 km of Florida Gulf of Mexico coastline from 1982 to 2021 for a large loggerhead turtle nesting aggregation and a recovering remnant population of green sea turtles. Over time both species have emerged to nest significantly earlier in the year and green sea turtle nesting seasons have extended. Nest counts and hatchling production for both species have significantly increased, but the rate of emergence success of hatchlings leaving nests has not changed for loggerheads and has declined for green sea turtles. Sea level rise and coastal developments undoubtedly influence coastal habitats in the long-term, impacting nest site selection and potential recruitment from the loss of emerged hatchlings. However, the present indications for steady Gulf of Mexico recovery of loggerhead and green sea turtles counter findings of the Florida Atlantic coasts. This study indicates that effective conservation practices can be detected within time scales of 1–2 turtle generations.
Synthesis of halloysite nanotubes decorated with green silver nanoparticles to investigate cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation and induction of apoptosis in acute leukemia cells
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Heidari Majd Mostafa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLeukemia is the 15th most common cancer in adults and the first most common cancer in children under the age of five, and unfortunately, it accounts for many deaths every year. Since leukemia chemotherapy usually fails due to chemotherapy resistance and disease relapse, many efforts are being made to develop new methods of leukemia treatment. Therefore, for the first time, we decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) with green silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with the help of Moringa Peregrina leaves extract to increase the solubility of Ag NPs and to use the protective ability of HNTs against lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes. Cell survival assay by the MTT method showed that HNTs-Ag NPs can decrease the survival of Jurkat T-cells to about 10% compared to the control. The IC50 value was estimated as 0.00177 mg/mL after 96 h of treatment. Investigating the expression of genes involved in apoptosis by Real-time PCR proved that decorated HNTs with Ag NPs can increase the Bak1/Bclx ratio by 17.5 times the control group. Also, the expression of the caspase-3 gene has increased 10 times compared to the control. Finally, the reduction of malondialdehyde production after 24 h proved that the presence of HNTs can have a good protective effect on lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes. Therefore, on the one hand, we can hope for the ability of HNTs-Ag NPs to induce apoptosis in blood cancer cells and on the other hand for its protective effects on normal blood cells.
Systematic integration of m6A regulators and autophagy-related genes in combination with long non-coding RNAs predicts survival in glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Sharma Amit , Wang Yulu , Ge Fangfang , Chen Peng , Dakal Tikam Chand , Carro Maria Stella , Schmidt-Wolf Ingo G. H. , Maciaczyk Jarek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is probably the only tumor in which a unique epigenetic alteration, namely methylation of the MGMT gene, possesses direct clinical relevance. Now with the emergence of aberrant N6 methyladenosine (m6A) modifications (the most common epigenetic modification of mRNA, closely linked to the autophagy process) in cancer, the epi-transcriptomic landscape of GBM pathobiology has been expanded. Considering this, herein, we systematically analyzed m6A regulators, assessed their correlation with autophagy-related genes (ATG), and established a long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA)-dependent prognostic signature (m6A-autophagy-lncRNAs) for GBM. Our analysis identified a novel signature of five long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs: ITGA6-AS1, AC124248.1, NFYC-AS1, AC025171.1, and AC005229.3) associated with survival of GBM patients, and four among them clearly showed cancer-associated potential. We further validated and confirmed the altered expression of two lncRNAs (AC124248.1, AC005229.3) in GBM associated clinical samples using RT-PCR. Concerning the prognostic ability, the obtained signature determined high-/low-risk groups in GBM patients and showed sensitivity to anticancer drugs. Collectively, the m6A-autophagy-lncRNAs signature presented in the study is clinically relevant and is the first attempt to systematically predict the potential interaction between the three key determinants (m6A, autophagy, lncRNA) in cancer, particularly in GBM.
Controlling spin pumping into superconducting Nb by proximity-induced spin-triplet Cooper pairs
Authors: Chan A. K. , Cubukcu M. , Montiel X. , Komori S. , Vanstone A. , Thompson J. E. , Perkins G. K. , Kinane C. J. , Caruana A. J. , Boldrin D. , Blamire M. , Robinson J. , Eschrig M. , Kurebayashi H. , Cohen L. F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProximity-induced long-range spin-triplet supercurrents, important for the field of superconducting spintronics, are generated in superconducting/ferromagnetic heterostructures when interfacial magnetic inhomogeneities responsible for spin mixing and spin flip scattering are present. The multilayer stack Nb/Cr/Fe/Cr/Nb has been shown to support such currents when fabricated into Josephson junction devices. However, creating pure spin currents controllably in superconductors outside of the Josephson junction architecture is a bottleneck to progress. Recently, ferromagnetic resonance was proposed as a possible direction, the signature of pure supercurrent creation being an enhancement of the Gilbert damping below the superconducting critical temperature, but the necessary conditions are still poorly established. Here, we demonstrate that pumping pure spin currents into a superconductor in the presence of an external magnetic field is only possible when conditions supporting proximity-induced spin-triplet effects are satisfied. Our study is an important step forward for pure spin supercurrent creation, considerably advancing the field of superconducting spintronics.
Sonografische Verlaufsuntersuchungen zur Bedeutung der
Follikelgröße und Gelbkörpermorphologie bei
Milchkühen post inseminationem
Authors: Eggenschwiler Mario , Lejeune Beatrice , Bruckmaier Rupert , Bleul Ulrich 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel Der Besamungserfolg bei Kühen wird durch viele
Faktoren beeinflusst. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, Erkenntnisse
über die Beziehungen von präovulatorischen Follikeln,
Gelbkörpern und deren Hohlräumen sowie einer
Trächtigkeit bei Milchkühen unter Feldbedingungen zu
gewinnen.
Material und Methoden Die Daten wurden bei 176 laktierenden
Milchkühen erhoben, welche zur künstlichen Besamung angemeldet
wurden. Die Kühe wurden mittels Sonografie am Tag der Besamung, 24
Stunden nach der Besamung, am Tag 9, am Tag 34 und ab Tag 42 nach Besamung
gynäkologisch untersucht. Zudem wurde am Tag der Besamung und am Tag 9
Blut aus der Vena coccygea zur Progesteronbestimmung entnommen.
Ergebnisse In Abhängigkeit des Ergebnisses der
Trächtigkeitsuntersuchung konnte bei den untersuchten Milchkühen
mit spontanen Ovulationen kein Unterschied zwischen den Größen
der Follikel, der Gelbkörper und deren Hohlräumen sowie den
Progesteronkonzentrationen 9 Tage nach der Besamung festgestellt werden. Im
Gegensatz zu den Gelbkörpern ohne Hohlraum bleibt die
Gelbkörperfläche während des Untersuchungszeitraums bei
den Gelbkörpern mit Hohlraum konstant, wobei gleichzeitig der Hohlraum
massiv an Größe verliert. Zudem wurden Rasseunterschiede in den
Gelbkörpergrößen am Tag 34 nachgewiesen.
Schlussfolgerungen Es konnte keine Ursache über die Bildung von
Hohlräumen in Gelbkörpern und derer Verbindungen zu
vorangegangenen Funktionskörpern gefunden werden.
Klinische Relevanz Sowohl die Veränderungen der
Gelbkörpergrößen über die Zeit als auch deren
rassebedingte Unterschiede könnten einen Einfluss auf den
Besamungserfolg haben.
Einfluss einer eCG-Applikation auf den Puerperalverlauf und die
Fruchtbarkeit von Fleckvieh-Milchkühen
Authors: Hofer Armin , Wehrend Axel 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel Zur Förderung der Involution des Uterus und
der Ovarfunktion beim Rind post partum sind verschiedene Methoden in der
Literatur beschrieben. In den letzten Jahren wurde wiederholt über den
erfolgreichen Einsatz von equinen Choriongonadotropin (eCG) in diesem
Zusammenhang berichtet, andere Studie konnten keine positiven Effekte einer
eCG-Gabe auf die puerperale Involution von Kühen nachweisen. Aufgrund
der differenten Ergebnisse in der Literatur war es Ziel dieser Feldstudie, zu
überprüfen, ob sich eine Applikation von eCG am 10. Tag post
partum (p.p.) positiv auf die Uterusinvolution, die Ovaraktivität und
die Fruchtbarkeitskennzahlen bei Fleckvieh-Kühen auswirkt.
Material und Methoden In 9 milchviehhaltenden Betrieben wurden 203
Fleckviehkühe per Los in 3 Gruppen eingeteilt: Die Tiere der Gruppe 1
erhielten 500 I.E. eCG, der Gruppe 2 50 µg Gonadorelin und die
Tiere der Gruppe 3 250 mg Butafosfan und 125 µg
Cyanocobalamin (Kontrollgruppe). Die Behandlung erfolgte jeweils am 10. Tag p.p.
Die Tiere wurden am 10., 25. und 42. Tag p.p. klinisch und ultrasonografisch
untersucht sowie die Zeit bis zur erneuten Besamung und Trächtigkeit
erfasst. Der Gruppenvergleich hinsichtlich der erfassten Parameter erfolgte
zuerst ohne Beachtung von Störfaktoren durch eine Varianzanalyse. Im
zweiten Schritt erfolgte die Berücksichtigung potenzieller
Störvariablen (Laktation, Milchleistung der ersten 100 Laktationstage,
Veränderung der Rückenfettdicke, Auftreten von
Nachgeburtsverhalten und Schwere der Geburtshilfe) sowie der Kombination der
zufälligen Faktoren „Betrieb“ und „Einzeltier
innerhalb des Betriebes“.
Ergebnisse Die Applikation des eCG hatte keinen signifikanten Effekt auf
die Uterusinvolution, sehr wohl aber auf die Involution der Zervix. In der
Gruppe der Kühe mit eCG-Applikation konnte am 25. Tag p.p. signifikant
häufiger eine Ovarialzyste nachgewiesen werden (p=0,04). Dieser
Unterschied bestand am 42. Tag p.p. nicht mehr. Weder Rast- noch
Güstzeit wurden durch die Verabreichung von eCG signifikant
verkürzt. Die Laktationszahl zeigte einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die
Uterusinvolution. Die Färsen wiesen eine schnellere Involution bis zum
42. Tag p.p. als die Kühe auf.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Gabe von eCG am 10. Tag p.p. an
Fleckviehkühe zeigt keinen ausreichend positiven Effekt auf die
Involution des Uterus.
Klinische Relevanz Auf den Einsatz von eCG im Frühpuerpium zur
Förderung der Fruchtbarkeit bei der Kuh sollte verzichtet werden.
Vergleich verschiedener Erstbehandlungsmethoden bei neugeborenen
Kälbern nach Schwergeburten
Authors: Homberg Julia , Sendag Sait , Koca Davut , Cetin Nebi , Wehrend Axel 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, den Einsatz von
Fruchtwasserabsaugpumpen und das Hochheben an den Hinterbeinen im Rahmen der
Erstbehandlung von neugeborenen Kälbern zu vergleichen.
Material und Methoden Für die Untersuchung wurden Daten von 60
Kälbern unterschiedlicher Rassen aus Schwergeburten erhoben, die direkt
nach der Geburt unterschiedlich behandelt wurden. In Gruppe I wurde bei 20
Kälbern zur Entfernung von Schleim und Fruchtwasser aus den Atemwegen
die Absaug- und Beatmungspumpe der Firma HK-Rheintechnik (Neuwied, Deutschland)
verwendet. In Gruppe II (n=20) wurde dazu die Absaug- und Beatmungspumpe
der Firma McCulloch Medical (Elmwood, England) verwendet. In Gruppe III
(n=20) wurde unmittelbar nach der Geburt 10–12 Liter kaltes
Wasser in den Nacken der Kälber gegossen. Außerdem wurden die
Kälber an den Hintergliedmaßen über ein Gatter oder eine
Stange gehängt, sodass der Kopf senkrecht nach unten hing. Die Time to
Sternal Recumbency (T-SR, Zeitspanne bis zum Aufrichten in Brust-Bauch-Lage) der
Kälber wurde gemessen, um eine Einschätzung der
Vitalität vorzunehmen. Außerdem wurden die Kälber eine
Stunde post natum einem segmentalen Untersuchungsgang unterzogen. Des Weiteren
wurden die Kälber am 7. Lebenstag klinisch untersucht.
Zusätzlich wurde analysiert, ob die Parameter Geschlecht,
Parität des Muttertieres, die geburtshilfliche Maßnahme und die
Jahreszeit einen Einfluss auf die T-SR hatten.
Ergebnisse Die T-SR lag zwischen 1,5 und 10,5 Minuten. Zwischen den 3
Erstbehandlungsverfahren gab es keinen Unterschied (p=0,07). Allerdings
war die T-SR der Kälber, die mit einer Fruchtwasserabsaugpumpe behandelt
wurden, tendenziell kürzer. Es gab keinen statistisch signifikanten
Unterschied zwischen den Pulsfrequenzen (p=0,73), Atemfrequenzen
(p=0,13) und der Rektaltemperatur (p=0,65) der Tiere in den 3
Gruppen am 1. und 7. Lebenstag. Es bestand kein statistisch signifikanter
Unterschied der Erkrankungshäufigkeiten bis zum 7. Lebenstag zwischen
den einzelnen Untersuchungsgruppen.
Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Die vorliegende Untersuchung
konnte zeigen, dass die Anwendung von Fruchtwasserabsaugpumpen dem Hochheben von
Kälbern mindestens gleichwertig ist. Beim Einsatz von
Fruchtwasserabsaugpumpen ist der Flotzmauldurchmesser zu beachten, da dieser die
Anwendung limitieren kann.
Nitrosativer Stress im Kindesalter – Klinische Empfehlungen
anhand eines Fallbeispiels
Authors: Weber Michael 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungBei allen chronischen Schmerzsymptomen sind entzündliche Prozesse
mitbeteiligt und der Kliniker sollte immer an einen vermehrten Oxidativen- oder
Nitrosativen Stress denken, diesen ggf. diagnostizieren und therapieren.
Machine learning methods for tracer kinetic modelling
Authors: Miederer Isabelle , Shi Kuangyu , Wendler Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTracer kinetic modelling based on dynamic PET is an important field of Nuclear Medicine for quantitative functional imaging. Yet, its implementation in clinical routine has been constrained by its complexity and computational costs. Machine learning poses an opportunity to improve modelling processes in terms of arterial input function prediction, the prediction of kinetic modelling parameters and model selection in both clinical and preclinical studies while reducing processing time. Moreover, it can help improving kinetic modelling data used in downstream tasks such as tumor detection. In this review, we introduce the basics of tracer kinetic modelling and present a literature review of original works and conference papers using machine learning methods in this field.
Does climate policy uncertainty affect carbon emissions in China? A novel dynamic ARDL simulation perspective
Authors: Tian Lihui , Li Xin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study provides new insights into the impact of climate policy uncertainty, energy consumption, and economic development on China’s carbon emissions. In doing so, we develop a novel index of China’s climate policy uncertainty (CCPU). We then use the newly constructed dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulation model, the frequency-domain causality (FDC) test, and the fully modified OLS (FMOLS) estimation to investigate these potential relationships from 2005 to 2021. The empirical results suggest that increasing CCPU reduces carbon emissions in most parts of China, which improves environmental degradation. Furthermore, the effects of energy consumption and economic growth on carbon emissions are confirmed to be positive in each location. Finally, the results of the FDC and FMOLS confirm the robustness of the model. Our findings suggest that information from the CCPU can be used to forecast CO2 emissions in China. Furthermore, the government should strike a balance between economic growth and environmental regulation and promote the use of renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions. Proactively developing climate policy is important to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.
Extra-curricular support for entrepreneurship among engineering students: development of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intentions
Authors: Subhadrammal Deepa , Bliemel Martin , Bressan Alessandro , de Burgh-Woodman Helene 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study seeks to understand the impact of extra-curricular entrepreneurship support within a University Based Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (UBEE) on the entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions of engineering students in India. A UBEE can directly affect the likelihood that students identify and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities, which, affects their entrepreneurial intentions. However, there is a dearth of research investigating the impact of university entrepreneurial support initiatives on engineering students’ entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This is especially true in the Indian context despite its start-up friendly policies. This study aims to address this gap and contribute to advance knowledge in the area of UBEE research. Grounded in Social Cognitive Theory, this study takes an ecosystem approach that considers the interactions and inter-dependencies among different elements of UBEE, such as entrepreneurial support initiatives and students’ beliefs and intentions to start up. This study adopts a quantitative research design. Survey data was collected from 314 undergraduate engineering students from five engineering colleges in South India and data was analysed using structural equation modelling. Results suggest that the extracurricular support programs within a UBEE significantly influences beliefs of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in students, which in turn predicts the intentions of students to startup new ventures. This study found that entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a mediating effect between the extracurricular support programs and entrepreneurial intentions of engineering students. Findings of this study have several practical and policy implications for government, university management and entrepreneurship educators. This study contributes to the emerging literature on engineering entrepreneurship education.
Principals’ strategies for the effective management and implementation of HIV intervention programmes for adolescent girls in secondary schools
Authors: Ndlovu Proper , Potokri Onoriode Collins 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe goal of this study was to understand the approaches that principals use for HIV prevention in schools and, on that basis, to offer strategies that can be effectively implemented to improve HIV intervention programmes for adolescent girls in South African secondary schools. The research was conducted in four districts in the Gauteng province: Johannesburg, Ekurhuleni, Tshwane and Sedibeng. A non-experimental qualitative, explorative, phenomenological design was used to better understand the problem. Individual interviews were conducted with participants who were purposively chosen from secondary schools in these areas. According to the findings, strengthening the delivery systems for HIV intervention programmes for adolescent girls may be the key to combating the escalation of new HIV infections among these girls. This qualitative study produced participant-reported empirical data, giving researchers a new perspective on the education leadership matters that contribute to addressing the ineffective management and execution of HIV programmes for adolescent girls.