bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational class differences in male suicide risk in Finland from 1970 to 2019
Authors: Raittila Simo , Kouvonen Anne , Koskinen Aki , Väänänen Ari 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
In the last few decades, suicide rates have decreased in most European countries. However, periodic changes in risk by occupational class have not been studied as much in detail.

Methods
Representative cohorts of Finnish working-age men were followed for nine years on suicide mortality starting from five different census years (1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010). Each cohort included between 300 970 and 332 318 men. Cox regression modelling was used to estimate hazard ratios by census year, occupational class and their interactions. Further models adjusted for age and its interactions with census year and occupational class.

Results
The risk of male suicide has more than halved between 1991 and 2019. The relative hazard ratio of suicide in manual workers compared to managers and professionals was around 1.6 to 1.8 times higher. The period when the suicide risk started to decline differed by occupational class: a significant decrease compared to 1970s’ levels was seen for managers and professionals already in the 1990s and for lower non-manual employees around 10 years later (in the 2000s). Manual workers only reached the 1970s suicide risk of managers and professionals in the 2000s and 2010s.

Conclusion
A delayed reduction of suicide rates among lower occupational classes suggests that the impact of social changes can occur at different speed in different population groups.
Microbial communities in paddy soils: differences in abundance and functionality between rhizosphere and pore water, the influence of different soil organic carbon, sulfate fertilization and cultivation time, and contribution to arsenic mobility and speciation
Authors: Zecchin Sarah , Wang Jiajia , Martin Maria , Romani Marco , Planer-Friedrich Britta , Cavalca Lucia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Abiotic factors and rhizosphere microbial populations influence arsenic accumulation in rice grains. Although mineral and organic surfaces are keystones in element cycling, localization of specific microbial reactions in the root/soil/pore water system is still unclear. Here, we tested if original unplanted soil, rhizosphere soil and pore water represented distinct ecological microniches for arsenic-, sulfur- and iron-cycling microorganisms and compared the influence of relevant factors such as soil type, sulfate fertilization and cultivation time. In rice open-air-mesocosms with two paddy soils (2.0% and 4.7% organic carbon), Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated minor effects of cultivation time and sulfate fertilization that decreased Archaea-driven microbial networks and incremented sulfate-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Different compartments, characterized by different bacterial and archaeal compositions, had the strongest effect, with higher microbial abundances, bacterial biodiversity and interconnections in the rhizosphere vs pore water. Within each compartment, a significant soil type effect was observed. Higher percentage contributions of rhizosphere dissimilatory arsenate- and iron-reducing, arsenite-oxidizing, and, surprisingly, dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria, as well as pore water iron-oxidizing bacteria in the lower organic carbon soil, supported previous chemistry-based interpretations of a more active S-cycling, a higher percentage of thioarsenates and lower arsenic mobility by sorption to mixed Fe(II)Fe(III)-minerals in this soil.
The skills of fashion: guild conflicts between bonnetières-coiffeuses and merchant mercers over enjolivement in eighteenth-century Rouen
Authors: Perras Jean-Alexandre 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article examines the history of women’s coiffure in eighteenth-century France beyond its visual representations. Focusing on the city of Rouen, it adopts the perspective of the trades involved in the creation of coiffures, and in particular the legal conflicts between the female guild of bonnetières, brodeuses, enjoliveuses and coiffeuses and the merchant mercers over the business of embellishment. Emphasizing the interactions between male and female workers in the fashion trades, the study seeks to identify the impact that the acceleration of fashion innovation had on the practices of fashion workers and the ways in which they conceptualized the skills involved in the production of fashion novelties.
Whole genome assembly and annotation of the endangered Caribbean coral Acropora cervicornis
Authors: Selwyn Jason D , Vollmer Steven V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Coral species in the genus Acropora are key ecological components of coral reefs worldwide and represent the most diverse genus of scleractinian corals. While key species of Indo-Pacific Acropora have annotated genomes, no annotated genome has been published for either of the two species of Caribbean Acropora. Here we present the first fully annotated genome of the endangered Caribbean staghorn coral, Acropora cervicornis. We assembled and annotated this genome using high-fidelity nanopore long-read sequencing with gene annotations validated with mRNA sequencing. The assembled genome size is 318 Mb, with 28,059 validated genes. Comparative genomic analyses with other Acropora revealed unique features in A. cervicornis, including contractions in immune pathways and expansions in signaling pathways. Phylogenetic analysis confirms previous findings showing that A. cervicornis diverged from Indo-Pacific relatives around 41 million years ago, with the closure of the western Tethys Sea, prior to the primary radiation of Indo-Pacific Acropora. This new A. cervicornis genome enriches our understanding of the speciose Acropora and addresses evolutionary inquiries concerning speciation and hybridization in this diverse clade.
Frequent, infinitesimal bottlenecks maximize the rate of microbial adaptation
Authors: Delaney Oscar , Letten Andrew D , Engelstädter Jan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Serial passaging is a fundamental technique in experimental evolution. The choice of bottleneck severity and frequency poses a dilemma: longer growth periods allow beneficial mutants to arise and grow over more generations, but simultaneously necessitate more severe bottlenecks with a higher risk of those same mutations being lost. Short growth periods require less severe bottlenecks, but come at the cost of less time between transfers for beneficial mutations to establish. The standard laboratory protocol of 24-h growth cycles with severe bottlenecking has logistical advantages for the experimenter but limited theoretical justification. Here we demonstrate that contrary to standard practice, the rate of adaptive evolution is maximized when bottlenecks are frequent and small, indeed infinitesimally so in the limit of continuous culture. This result derives from revising key assumptions underpinning previous theoretical work, notably changing the metric of optimization from adaptation per serial transfer to per experiment runtime. We also show that adding resource constraints and clonal interference to the model leaves the qualitative results unchanged. Implementing these findings will require liquid-handling robots to perform frequent bottlenecks, or chemostats for continuous culture. Further innovation in and adoption of these technologies has the potential to accelerate the rate of discovery in experimental evolution.
Longitudinal Associations of Neighborhood Social Cohesion With Self-Perceptions of Aging and Loneliness
Authors: Choi Eun Young 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
One’s aging experience is structurally embedded in the social aspects of the residential environment. However, it is largely unknown how this upstream contextual factor may shape self-perceptions of aging (SPA) and loneliness, critical aspects of later-life psychological well-being with profound health implications. This study examines the longitudinal association of neighborhood social cohesion with SPA and ­loneliness, as well as the potential bidirectional associations between outcomes.

Methods
This study used 8-year data from the Health and Retirement Study, with an analytic sample of 9,299 U.S. adults aged 50 or older. Latent growth curve models were implemented to assess the associations of baseline neighborhood social cohesion with trajectories of SPA and loneliness. Path analysis was conducted to examine the longitudinal mediation mechanisms connecting neighborhood social cohesion with SPA and loneliness.

Results
Respondents from cohesive neighborhoods at baseline started with and maintained more positive initial SPA over time, but their positive perceptions decreased faster over time. Cohesive neighborhoods were associated with lower levels of loneliness over an 8-year study period, but also with slower rates of decline in loneliness. Path analysis revealed that neighborhood social cohesion indirectly affected SPA and loneliness, via bidirectional mechanisms.

Discussion
This study demonstrates the significant role of environmental factors beyond individual predictors and advocates for the potential of neighborhood environments as a target for interventions to foster positive aging perception and tackle loneliness. Furthermore, it indicates that loneliness and SPA could reciprocally influence each other in the context of neighborhood social cohesion, enriching our understanding of their dynamics.
Age-Related Differences in Mind Wandering: The Role of Emotional Valence
Authors: Welhaf Matthew S , Banks Jonathan B , Bugg Julie M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Older adults consistently report fewer experiences of mind wandering compared to younger adults. Aging is also associated with a shift in the emotional focus of our thoughts, with older adults tending to experience an increase in attention toward positive information, or a “positivity bias,” relative to younger adults. Here, we tested if the positivity bias associated with aging can also predict age-related changes in the content of older adults’ mind wandering.

Method
Older adults and younger adults completed a go/no-go task with periodic thought probes to assess rates of emotionally valenced mind wandering.

Results
Older adults reported significantly less negatively and neutrally valenced mind wandering compared to younger adults, but there was no age difference in reports of positively valenced mind wandering. Overall rates of mind wandering predicted poorer task performance for both age groups: Individuals who mind wandered more, performed worse, but this did not differ by the emotional valence. Both older adults and younger adults showed similar in-the-moment performance deficits, with mind wandering reports being associated with worse immediate no-go accuracy and faster reaction times, consistent with mindless responding.

Discussion
Focusing on different dimensions of thought content, such as emotional valence, can provide new insight into age-related differences in mind wandering. Older adults’ mind wandering reports were less negative and neutral compared to younger adults’ reports suggesting a positivity bias for older adults. However, this positivity bias does not seem to affect task performance. We discuss the implications of the findings for mind wandering theories and the positivity bias.
A systematic review of population and patient perspectives and experiences as measured in Latin American and Caribbean surveys
Authors: Medina-Ranilla Jesús , Espinoza-Pajuelo Laura , Mazzoni Agustina , Roberti Javier , García- Elorrio Ezequiel , Leslie Hannah Hogan , García Patricia Jannet 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh-quality health systems must provide accessible, people-centred care to both improve health and maintain population trust in health services. Furthermore, accurate measurement of population perspectives is vital to hold health systems accountable and to inform improvement efforts. To describe the current state of such measures in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), we conducted a systematic review of facility and population-based assessments that included patient-reported experience and satisfaction measures. Five databases were searched for publications on quantitative surveys assessing healthcare quality in Spanish- or Portuguese-speaking LAC countries, focusing on the domains of processes of care and quality impacts. We included articles published since 2011 with a national sampling frame or inclusion of multiple subnational regions. We tabulated and described these articles, identifying, classifying and summarizing the items used to assess healthcare quality into the domains mentioned earlier. Of the 5584 publications reviewed, 58 articles met our inclusion criteria. Most studies were cross-sectional (95%), assessed all levels of healthcare (57%) and were secondary analyses of existing surveys (86%). The articles yielded 33 unique surveys spanning 12 LAC countries; only eight of them are regularly administered surveys. The most common quality domains assessed were satisfaction (in 33 out of 58 articles, 57%), evidence-based/effective care (34%), waiting times (33%), clear communication (33%) and ease of use (31%). Items and reported ratings varied widely among instruments used, time points and geographical settings. Assessment of patient-reported quality measures through population- and facility-based surveys is present but heterogeneous in LAC countries. Satisfaction was measured frequently, although its use in accountability or informing quality improvement is limited. Measurement of healthcare quality in LAC needs to be more systematic, regular, comprehensive and to be led collaboratively by researchers, governments and policymakers to enable comparison of results across countries and to effectively inform policy implementation.
Social determinants of health literacy: a cross-sectional exploratory study
Authors: Dolezel Diane , Hewitt Barbara 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite the importance of health literacy to health-promoting behaviors, few studies have assessed the social determinants of health literacy in a random sample of individuals from the USA. The study evaluated the association of sociodemographic factors with individual health literacy levels. This cross-sectional web-based observational study utilized the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), a multidimensional instrument measuring nine areas of literacy. Multivariate regression results revealed several factors associated with HLQ scores such as self-rated health rating, frequency of visits to healthcare providers, smoking, gender and rural versus urban residence. Low health literacy was associated with lower self-rated overall health and with less frequent visits to healthcare providers. Males scored higher on engaging with health providers, navigating, understanding the health system and understanding health information well enough to know what to do. These findings can guide healthcare professionals to focus on individuals from groups having lower health literacy scores to promote healthy behaviors.
Undisciplined History: Creative Methods and Academic Practice
Authors: Twells Alison , Pooley Will , Houlbrook Matt , Rogers Helen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article explores the relationship between scholarly practice and the growing field of creative histories. Drawing on examples from the United Kingdom, it seeks to unsettle dominant approaches to creative methodologies within our discipline and suggest what these more playful and experimental approaches might add to our practice as historians. Prompted by our encounters with the rich and vital histories made by schoolchildren, community groups, filmmakers, and songwriters, we are interested in the potential of these imaginative engagements with the past to enrich academic history. The article is in conversation with online features published at Paper Trails, a new open access platform with UCL Press.
Local government and small business revenue forecasting: evidence from a transition economy
Authors: Nguyen Bach 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study examines the importance of governance quality of local government in small businesses’ future revenue growth forecasting accuracy. Forecasting errors are due to either overestimation or under-estimation. When local governance quality improves, transaction costs are eliminated, boosting firms’ actual performance up to the level forecast, thereby reducing overestimation. Also, when local governance quality improves, institutional trust (trust in government) and generalized trust (trust in strangers) improve, lifting the expectation of future performance to the actual level, thereby reducing under-estimation. We investigate these two mechanisms using a set of more than 250,000 small businesses in Vietnam using an instrumental variable approach to control for potential endogeneity. It is found that governance quality enhances forecasting accuracy by reducing under-estimation forecasting errors but, interestingly, without affecting overestimation errors. This paper is one of the first that links governance quality to business forecasting, indicating that local authorities can help local businesses make efficient resource preparation by improving their governance quality.
A Lexicographic Practice Map of Europe
Authors: Tiberius Carole , Kallas Jelena , Koeva Svetla , Langemets Margit , Kosem Iztok 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article presents the combined results of three international surveys that were carried out in the context of the Horizon 2020 European Lexicographic Infrastructure project (ELEXIS). The aim of these surveys was to gain more insight into lexicographic practices and the needs of lexicographers in Europe. The surveys were delivered via online platforms. Based on the combined results, we sketch a map of lexicographic practices in Europe, both for born-digital and retrodigitized resources, analyze current needs in terms of tools, functionalities and training, and identify emerging trends that will affect lexicography in the short and long term.
Coupling optimization of hydropower and hydrogen systems considering energy supply safety culture
Authors: Guo Renlin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Although China's new energy power generation industry has developed, how to efficiently use clean energy and ensure safe supply needs further research. As a clean, pollution-free and high calorific value energy, hydrogen provides a solution for absorbing renewable energy and ensuring the stable operation of the power system. Based on the public goods attribute of system security and system operation behavior, this paper analyzes how to express the cultural value of energy supply security through economic means, and makes configuration adjustment under different interaction modes with the power grid, so as to achieve the effect of energy supply security. A multi-objective planning and operation optimization model is established, and the resource, social, economic and environmental benefits are analyzed. The model is solved by NSGA-II. The results show that the energy waste rate of hydrogen microgrid system can be reduced by 37.16%. The probability of power failure can be reduced to 0. Typical scenarios in both off-grid mode and grid-connected mode can increase economic income. In addition, up to more than 1000 tons of carbon emissions per day could be reduced under a typical scenario.
Renewable energy resource assessment for rural electrification: a case study in Nepal
Authors: Sedai Ashish , Dhakal Rabin , Koirala Pranik , Gautam Shishir , Pokhrel Rajat , Lohani Sunil Prasad , Moussa Hanna , Pol Suhas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Renewable energy could mitigate remote area energy crises through rural electrification. Karnali province, one of the seven federal provinces of Nepal, is such a remote location and is most deprived in terms of electricity access. Around 67% of the population of the Karnali province is not connected to the national grid electricity supply. High altitude, mountainous topography makes it difficult to provide grid access to the region. This study summarizes the current electricity access status in Nepal and Karnali province specifically. The paper discusses the energy, economic and environmental (3E) analysis of different renewable energy resources like solar and wind energy for the grid-isolated region in Mugu and Jumla district of Karnali province. The study investigates the feasibility of a 200-kW solar power plant installation in Gamghadi, the capital of Mugu district and a 100-kW wind power plant installation in Tila village, Jumla district. The study suggests whether a similar installation of the distributed energy plant is a solution to mitigate the energy crisis problem in the high Himalayas regions, like Karnali province of Nepal. Based on the high-level resource assessment, the study estimates an investment cost ranging from 7 to 9 million USD would be necessary for the installation of such distributed solar PV and wind turbines.
Efficacy of smallpox vaccines against Mpox infections in humans
Authors: Christodoulidou Melissa M , Mabbott Neil A 
Published: October 2023

Summary
The Mpox virus (MPXV) is endemic in certain countries in Central and West Africa, where several mammalian species, especially rodents, are natural reservoirs. However, the MPXV can infect nonhuman primates and cause zoonotic infections in humans after close contact with an infected animal. Human-to-human transmission of MPXV can also occur through direct close contact with an infected individual or infected materials. In May 2022 an initial cluster of human Mpox cases was identified in the UK, with the first case confirmed in a patient who had recently travelled to Nigeria. The infection subsequently spread via human-to-human transmission within the UK and Mpox cases began to appear in many other countries around the world where the MPXV is not endemic. No specific treatments for MPXV infection in humans are available. However, data from studies undertaken in Zaire in the 1980s revealed that those with a history of smallpox vaccination during the global smallpox eradication campaign also had good cross-protection against MPXV infection. However, the vaccines used during the global eradication campaign are no longer available. During the 2022 global Mpox outbreak over a million doses of the Modified Vaccinia Ankara–Bavarian Nordic (MVA–BN) smallpox vaccine were offered either as pre or postexposure prophylaxis to those at high risk of MPXV infection. Here, we review what has been learned about the efficacy of smallpox vaccines in reducing the incidence of MPXV infections in high-risk close contacts.
Profiling the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1–Specific Immununoglobulin G Response Among Ghanaian Children With Hemoglobin S and C
Authors: Oleinikov Andrew V , Seidu Zakaria , Oleinikov Irina V , Tetteh Mary , Lamptey Helena , Ofori Michael F , Hviid Lars , Lopez-Perez Mary 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Members of the Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family are important targets for protective immunity. Abnormal display of PfEMP1 on the surfaces of infected erythrocytes (IEs) and reduced cytoadhesion have been demonstrated in hemoglobin (Hb) AS and HbAC, inherited blood disorders associated with protection against severe P. falciparum malaria. We found that Ghanaian children with HbAS had lower levels of immunoglobulin G against several PfEMP1 variants and that this reactivity increased more slowly with age than in their HbAA counterparts. Moreover, children with HbAS have lower total parasite biomass than those with HbAA at comparable peripheral parasitemias, suggesting impaired cytoadhesion of HbAS IEs in vivo and likely explaining the slower acquisition of PfEMP1-specific immunoglobulin G in this group. In contrast, the function of acquired antibodies was comparable among Hb groups and appears to be intact and sufficient to control parasitemia via opsonization and phagocytosis of IEs.