bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic variability for seed oil content and seed index in some wild species and perennial races of cotton
Authors: GOTMARE V. , SINGH P. , MAYEE C. D. , DESHPANDE V. , BHAGAT C. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA 3‐year study was made on genetic variability of seed oil content and seed index with 20 wild species, two cultivated species and six perennial races of Gossypium arboreum cotton maintained at the Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, India. The mean seed oil content varied from 10.26 to 22.89% in 22 species of Gossypium and six races of G. arboreum. In this material the weight of delinted seed varied from 43.33 to 54.54 mg/seed. The highest seed oil content was recorded in the species G. lobatum followed by G. harknessii. On average, for both traits, the means were higher for G. arboreum and its races. However, G. africanum and G. harknessii reached the level of G. arboreum and its races for seed weight, while five wild species surpassed the best races and G. arboreum in seed oil content, among them was G. harknessii. To breed simultaneously for seed oil content and seed weight, crosses between races of G. arboreum and wild species of Gossypium seem to be promising.
Evaluation of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare) germplasm for the presence of thermostable alleles of β‐amylase
Authors: Malysheva L. , Ganal M. W. , Röder M. S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence marker was used to detect the alleles Bmy‐Sd2H and Bmy‐Sd3 identifying highly thermostable isoforms of the enzyme b‐amylase, which improves fermentability during brewing. Among the 889 accessions of barley (Hordeum vulgare) investigated, and two accessions of H. spontaneum a total of 166 accessions were identified carrying the superior b‐amylase alleles. These thermostable alleles of b‐amylase were most frequently observed in six‐rowed varieties originating from Asia, especially Japan, with 61.9% of the accessions from Asia carrying the alleles of interest. Additional six‐rowed barleys carrying the relevant alleles were identified among accessions from America, Africa and the Near East. In the European varieties, the percentage of accessions with the alleles of interest was 5.1% with a strong predominance in two‐rowed spring barleys. A pedigree analysis identified the cross ‘Binder’ x ‘Gull’ as the main source of the thermostable b‐amylase alleles in European varieties. The data suggest that an improvement of malting quality in barley could be achieved by introduction of the Bmy1‐Sd2H and Bmy1‐Sd3 alleles into the European breeding programmes.
Genetic maps of RAPD, AFLP and ISSR markers in Ananas bracteatus and A. comosus using the pseudo‐testcross strategy
Authors: CARLIER J. D. , REIS A. , DUVAL M. F. , D'EECKENBRUGGE G. COPPENS , LEITÃO J. M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractGenetic maps of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers in pineapple (2n = 2x = 50) are reported for the first time. On the basis of a segregating population of 46 F1 individuals from a cross Ananas comosus x A. bracteatus, genetic maps of these two species were constructed using the two‐way pseudo‐testcross approach. The A. bracteatus map consists of 335 markers (60 RAPDs, 264 AFLPs and 11 ISSRs) assembled into 50 linkage groups, 26 of them with at least four markers. The A. comosus map consists of 157 markers (33 RAPDs, 115 AFLPs, eight ISSRs and the ‘piping’ trait locus) organized into 30 linkage groups, 18 of them with at least four markers. These maps cover, respectively, 57.2% of the A. bracteatus genome estimated as 3693 cM long, and 31.6% of the A. comosus genome calculated as 4146 cM. A rough estimate of 120 and 127 kbp/ cM on average was found for the relationship between physical and genetic distance for A. bracteatus and A. comosus, respectively.
Resynthesis of Brassica juncea through interspecific crosses between B. rapa and B. nigra
Authors: SRIVASTAVA A. , MUKHOPADHYAY A. , ARUMUGAM N. , GUPTA V. , VERMA J. K. , PENTAL D. , PRADHAN A. K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe objective of this study was to broaden the genetic base in oleiferous Brassica juncea by resynthesis, using 10 diverse parental lines of oleiferous B. rapa and two lines of B. nigra of both Indian and exotic origin. Out of 14 crosses attempted using B. rapa as the female parent, eight were successful. Embryo rescue was necessary to obtain interspecific plants. A total of 29 fertile interspecific plants were obtained after colchicine treatment. In the S2 generation, the expression of component characters in the majority of the resynthesized plants showed a negative trend. The resynthesized B. juncea lines are being maintained through repeated selfing and selection at each generation for desirable plant types. This process will continue till the progeny lines of the desirable plants achieve uniformity.
The genetic diversity of old and modern Siberian varieties of common spring wheat as determined by microsatellite markers
Authors: Khlestkina E. K. , Röder M. S. , Efremova T. T. , Börner A. , Shumny V. K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess genetic diversity within old and modern common spring wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) varieties cultivated in Siberia and to find out whether old Siberian varieties could be a potential source for genetic diversity in modern wheat breeding in Siberia. A set of 54 varieties was analysed using 22 wheat microsatellite markers (WMS), determining 23 loci located on 19 different chromosomes. In total, 151 alleles were detected with an average of 6.6, ranging from three to 11 alleles per locus. The average genetic diversity value (polymorphic information content) was 0.70. WMS located in the B genome produced more alleles per locus (7.6) compared with WMS located in the A (6.0) and D (6.0) genomes. Genetic similarity values between varieties ranged from 0.19 to 0.96 and were used to produce a dendrogram. With a few exceptions the varieties studied were clustered in two nearly equal groups consisting of predominantly old (released before 1960) and modern (released in 1960‐90s) varieties, respectively. Genetic diversity values within these two groups were similar with 0.60 and 0.58, respectively. The numbers of group‐specific alleles were 34 and 29, respectively. A significant variation in frequencies of 79 shared alleles was observed. The results obtained by using genomic microsatellite sequences demonstrated that breeding has not resulted in a decrease in the genetic diversity in Siberian spring wheat. However, significant quantitative and qualitative changes in allelic frequencies of different loci were detected. It may be suggested, that old Siberian common spring wheat varieties are a potential basis for genetic diversity in modern wheat breeding in Siberia.
Genetic diversity estimates in Cicer using AFLP analysis
Authors: NGUYEN T. T. , TAYLOR P. W. J. , REDDEN R. J. , FORD R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAmplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was used to evaluate the genetic variation among cultivated chickpea and wild Cicer relatives. In total, 214 marker loci were assessed, of which 211 were polymorphic (98.6%) across the 95 accessions that represented 17 species of Cicer. The genetic variation within a species was highest in C. pinnatifidum followed by C. reticulatum and lowest in C. macracanthum. Three main species groups were identified by UPGMA clustering using Nei's pair‐wise distance calculations. Group I included the cultivated species C. arietinum, C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum. Within this group, C. reticulatum accessions were clustered closest to the C. arietinum cultivars ‘Lasseter’, ‘Kaniva’ and ‘Bumper’, supporting the hypothesis that C. reticulatum is the most probable progenitor of the cultivated species. Cicer bijugum, C. judaicum and C. pinnatifidum were clustered together creating group II. Group III contained all nine perennial species assessed and two annual species C. yamashitae and C. cuneatum. The genetic distance detected between group I and group III (0.13) was equivalent to the genetic distance detected between group I and group II (the primary and annual tertiary species, respectively; 0.14). This indicated that the perennial tertiary species may be as valuable for increasing variation to incorporate novel germplasm in the cultigen as the annual tertiary species.
Chromosomal location of aluminium tolerance genes in rye
Authors: Aniol A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractRye is known for its high tolerance of aluminium in the soils in comparison with wheat and other cereals. To localize the major gene/ genes controlling aluminium tolerance on the rye chromosomes, four series of wheat‐rye addition lines, two sets of triticale D(R) substitution lines and several wheat/rye translocation lines were tested in experiments on seedlings grown in nutrient solutions with various concentrations of aluminium. The results indicate that the major locus responsible for Al tolerance in rye is located on the short arm of chromosome 3R. The importance of these results for controlled introgressions into cereals is discussed.
Approximating the degrees of freedom for contrasts of genotypes laid out as subplots in an alpha‐design in a split‐plot experiment
Authors: SPILKE J. , PIEPHO H. P. , MEYER U. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAlpha‐designs have become popular in cultivar trials. Analysis is based on a mixed model. As a result of imbalance, inference tests require approximate methods. This paper investigates the Type I error control of different Satterthwaite approximations for the denominator degrees of freedom of Wald‐type F‐tests and t‐tests in a two‐factorial alpha‐design with cultivars as the subplot factor and management intensities (fertilization, plant protection) as the main plot factor. Simulation results demonstrate good error control for cultivar comparison at the same intensity, with the need for an approximation which diminishes as the number of cultivars increases. By contrast, a comparison of intensities entails a more substantial departure from the nominal significance level, and this is not entirely offset by any of the approximations. The methods are demonstrated using two real data sets.
Vine‐1 retrotransposon‐based sequence‐specific amplified polymorphism for Vitis vinifera L. genotyping
Authors: LABRA M. , IMAZIO S. , GRASSI F. , ROSSONI M. , SALA F. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe sequence‐specific amplification polymorphism (S‐SAP) method, derived from the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique, produces amplified fragments containing retrotransposon long terminal repeat (LTR) sequence at one end and a host restriction site at the other. The development and application of this procedure to the LTR of the Vine‐1 element from grapevine is reported. Two primers derived from one of the LTR sequences flanking the retrotransposon were used in combination with MseI degenerated primers on 15 grapevine accessions. S‐SAP results were compared with AFLP data. The heterozygosity and gene diversity values were higher for S‐SAP than for the AFLP procedure. Results show that S‐SAP amplification is effective in identifying polymorphisms and defining genetic distances among cultivars, and could be used for fingerprinting and for ‘Traminer’ clone identification. To the contrary Vine‐1 retrotransposon‐based S‐SAP was not able to distinguish ‘Pinot’ clones.
Greenhouse and field techniques for testing sugar beet for resistance to Rhizoctonia root and crown rot
Authors: BÜTTNER G. , PFÄHLER B. , MÄRLÄNDER B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractRhizoctonia‐resistant sugar beet varieties are the key to an integrated control strategy for Rhizoctonia root rot. Because of the unpredictable occurrence of Rhizoctonia solani in the field testing of sugar beet for resistance to Rhizoctonia root rot is difficult. The aim of the study was to develop advanced greenhouse and field techniques which allow a reliable assessment of sugar beet for resistance to R. solani. A highly infectious liquid inoculum was used for the first time in this study. It can be produced in large quantities of a standardized quality, sterile, and exactly quantified according to its carbon content. In a greenhouse trial, sugar beet grown in the same way as field grown beet was inoculated by applying a suspension of Rhizoctonia mycelium (equivalent to 10 mg carbon per plant) to the beet crown. After 3 weeks, inoculation had led to uniform and severe root rot. Disease symptoms were similar to those found under natural conditions in the field. No ‘escapes’, i.e. susceptible plants apparently expressing resistance were observed in the test. A new nine‐class disease scale was established and a Rhizoctonia index (RI) was calculated. Reliability of disease assessment was demonstrated on progeny of plants, selected from segregating populations, showing Rhizoctonia resistance more closely related to the resistant parent lines than to the susceptible ones. Sugar beet varieties could be assessed in the greenhouse within only 11 weeks. All varieties were affected by the pathogen but partially resistant varieties could be clearly recognized by a significantly lower Rhizoctonia index. Significant differences in susceptibility were also found within the group of new resistant genotypes. Infection studies performed in the field showed the superiority of the new liquid inoculum compared with a solid form and revealed the influence of inoculation date and inoculum level on the development of Rhizoctonia root rot. In field tests performed at different sites under different environmental conditions, susceptible and partially resistant sugar beet varieties could be reproducibly rated according to their susceptibility to R. solani. On average, susceptible varieties showed a Rhizoctonia index of 8 while resistant genotypes ranged from 5 to 6. The newly developed techniques allow fast and reliable evaluation of sugar beet for resistance to R. solani.
Detection of human papillomaviruses of high oncogenic potential in oral squamous cell carcinoma in a Venezuelan population
Authors: Correnti M , Rivera H , Cavazza ME 
Published: April 2004

Objective:  The aim of this work was to detect and typify human papillomaviruses (HPV) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a Venezuelan population.Material(s) and Methods:  Eighteen tissue samples were obtained from biopsies, formalin‐fixed, and paraffin‐embedded; 16 were diagnosed as SCC. We isolated DNA from paraffin‐embedded tissue; two to three sections of 5 μm were obtained and resuspended in digestion buffer and proteinase K. Five microliters of the aqueous phase was used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR for HPV amplification was carried out with consensus primers for L1 region (MY09 and MY11) and β‐globin gene was used as internal control. The viral types were determined by molecular hybridization with a mix of probes for high/intermediate and low HPV oncogenic risk types.Results:  The HPV‐DNA was detected in 50% (eight of 16) of the SCC cases. Of these HPV‐DNA‐positive samples, 68% were histopathologically diagnosed as moderately differentiated SCC. The most common anatomical location was the alveolar ridge mucosa. All positive biopsies contained high oncogenic HPV types.Conclusions:  We observed a high prevalence of HPV infection of high oncogenic potential types in patients with SCC in our studied group. The moderately differentiated SCCs were more associated to HPV infection. These differences could be influenced by nutritional, environmental and genetical factors in our population but further studies should be carried out to determine these aspects.
Oral manifestations of HIV infection in relation to clinical and CD4 immunological status in northern and southern Thai patients
Authors: Kerdpon D , Pongsiriwet S , Pangsomboon K , Iamaroon A , Kampoo K , Sretrirutchai S , Geater A , Robison V 
Published: April 2004

Objectives:  To assess prevalence and variations in the oral manifestations of HIV in HIV‐infected subjects in southern Thailand (a new HIV epidemic) and northern Thailand (a mature epidemic), and the association with age, sex, risk behaviours, CD4 count and medication used.Subjects and Methods:  A total of 102 and 135 HIV‐infected individuals were enrolled in northern and southern hospitals, respectively. Oral and haematological examination was performed after sociodemographic interview of the patients. Clinical history was retrieved from patients’ medical records.Results:  Oral candidiasis (OC, 55%), oral hairy leucoplakia (OHL, 21%) and HIV‐associated‐periodontal disease (14%) were among the most common oral lesions in southern Thailand. OHL (38%), OC (25%), HIV‐associated‐periodontal disease (15%) were the three most common lesions in the north. A significant association was found between any oral lesion, OC, particularly the pseudomembranous type (PC), and CD4 < 200 cells mm−3 at both sites. A negative relationship was found between systemic antifungal treatment and OC including PC and erythematous candidiasis (EC) in the southern data. OHL showed a positive relationship with male sex and a negative relationship with antiretroviral treatment in the northern site. Younger age and being a current smoker were positively associated with oral lesions in the southern group.Conclusion:  OC, particularly PC, could be useful as a marker for immunosuppression, particularly where CD4 count cannot be determined routinely. Antifungal treatment is of benefit in the subjects who cannot afford highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Multiple parotid lymphoepithelial cysts in patients with HIV‐infection: report of two cases
Authors: Favia G , Capodiferro S , Scivetti M , Lacaita MG , Filosa A , Muzio L Lo 
Published: April 2004

Objective:  Bilateral and multiple lymphoepithelial cysts (LECs) of major salivary glands, in particular of parotid glands, are quite rare and have been reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients with an incidence of about 3–6%. These lesions represent an early manifestation of HIV infection and are rarely found in patients with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.Materials:  Two cases of parotid LECs, the first occurring in a middle‐age white woman and the second in a young white boy, both in advanced phases of HIV infection, are reported.Results:  Clinical, cytological, histological and immunohistochemical (cytokeratin AE1/AE3, CD20, CD45RA, CD8, κ and λ immunoglobulin light chains, S‐100, MLA and Ki67) features are described.Conclusions:  Fine needle aspiration (FNA), a relatively non‐traumatic procedure, could represent both a diagnostic and a therapeutic tool in parotid LECs. No surgical therapy is usually required for these lesions and aspiration of cystic fluid with FNA is quite resolutive, although evidence of further relapses does exist. Surgical excision may become necessary when pain, because of persistent and progressive swelling of the parotid gland, occurs.
Relationship between Pollen Counts and Weather Variables in East‐Mediterranean Coast of Turkey
Authors: Altintaş Derya Ufuk , Karakoç Gülbin Bingöl , Yilmaz Mustafa , Pinar Münevver , Kendirli Seval Güneçer , Çakan Halil 
Published: April 2004

Background: Aeroallergen sampling provides information
regarding the onset, duration and severity of the pollen season that clinicians
use to guide allergen selection for skin testing and treatment.Objectives: This atmospheric survey reports (1) airborne pollen
contributions in Adana in one‐year period (2) pollen onset, duration and
peak level (3) the relationship between airborne pollen and selected
meteorological variables and; (4)
effects on symptoms in pollen allergic children.Methods: Pollen sampling was performed with a volumetric Burkard
Spore Trap. Meteorological data were measured daily from April 2001 to
April 2002. Asthma symptom scores were investigated in 186 pollen allergic
children that were on follow up in pediatric
allergy outpatient clinics during same period.Results: Average measurements included 82.5% tree pollen,
7.7% grass pollen and 9.8% herb pollen 54 taxa were identified
during one year. The most prominent tree pollens were Cupressaceae,
Eucalyptus and Pinus. The most common herb was Chenopodiaceae
pollen family. When airborne pollen levels were examined in relation to
single meteorological conditions; daily variations in total pollen counts
were not significantly correlated with any variable studied (humidity,
rainfall, temperature and wind) (p>0.05). On the
other hand, statistically significant relationship between pollen concentration and symptom scores
were found (p>0.05). Positive correlations were seen
between both Gramineae and Herb pollen, and humidity and rainfall from March to
July. However, positive correlations were detected between tree pollen
counts and temperature and humidity in May and June.Conclusion: This survey is the first volumetric airborne
pollen analysis conducted in the survey area in Adana. This study
suggested that the effects of weather on pollen count and symptom
scores in this population could not be clearly identified with the evaluation
of one‐year data. However, pollen counts had effect on allergic symptoms
in pollen allergic children. Examination of the complex interaction of multiple
whether parameters would perhaps more fully elucidate the relationship
between meteorology and aerobiology and provide the clinician with
information necessary to forecast pollen prevalence. An awareness of
the ever chancing, local aeroallergen patterns requires regular monitoring. Such
awareness serves as a useful guide in the effective
testing and treatment of atopic patients.
Designing and executing scientific workflows with a programmable integrator
Authors: Chagoyen M. , Kurul M. E. , De-Alarcón P. A. , Carazo J. M. , Gupta A. 
Published: April 2004

Abstract
Motivation: As in many other fields of science, computational methods in molecular biology need to intersperse information access and algorithm execution in a computational workflow. Users often find difficulties when transferring data between data sources and applications. In most cases there is no standard solution for workflow design and execution and tailored scripting mechanisms are implemented in a case by case basis.
Results: In this paper, we present a general purpose ‘programmable integrator’ that can access information from a variety of sources in a coordinated manner. Its usefulness in complex bioinformatics applications is claimed and supported by some application examples.
Availability: Tools are freely available to non-profit educations and research institutions. Usage by commercial organizations requires a license agreement. Software requirements: Java v1.3 (http://java.sun.com), Xerces XML Parser (http://xml.apache.org/xerces-j) and Kweelt implementation of XQuery (http://kweelt.sourceforge.net/).