bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal and Vapor Induced Triple‐Mode Luminescent Switch of Manganese (II) Halides Hybrid
Authors: Xue Shu‐Hua , Shi Cui‐Mi , Xu Liang‐Jin , Chen Zhong‐Ning 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is imminent to develop phosphors with multiple stimuli responses due to the increasing demand on anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption technologies. Here, a zero dimensional (0D) organic–inorganic hybrid (DPPE)2MnBr4·H2O (DPPE = 4,4‐Difluoropiperidine, 1), which emits green light and exhibits reversible thermo‐ and vapor‐luminescence responses to heat and organic solvents is reported. Specifically, when heated above 100 °C for 30 s, hybrid 1 transforms into yellow‐emitting hybrid 2. Upon exposure to dichloromethane (DCM), it transforms into a red‐emitting hybrid 3. Experimental analysis reveals that Mn2+‐Mn2+ magnetic coupling interactions and coordination configuration transformation are responsible for the obvious switching of photoluminescence. Owing to its extraordinary triple‐mode switching characteristics, enabling luminescence‐adjustable transformations such as green to yellow, green to red, and yellow to red emission, this metal‐halide hybrid is promising for the application in anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption.
An RNA Motif That Enables Optozyme Control and Light‐Dependent Gene Expression in Bacteria and Mammalian Cells
Authors: Pietruschka Georg , Ranzani Américo T. , Weber Anna , Patwari Tejal , Pilsl Sebastian , Renzl Christian , Otte David M. , Pyka Daniel , Möglich Andreas , Mayer Günter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe regulation of gene expression by light enables the versatile, spatiotemporal manipulation of biological function in bacterial and mammalian cells. Optoribogenetics extends this principle by molecular RNA devices acting on the RNA level whose functions are controlled by the photoinduced interaction of a light‐oxygen‐voltage photoreceptor with cognate RNA aptamers. Here light‐responsive ribozymes, denoted optozymes, which undergo light‐dependent self‐cleavage and thereby control gene expression are described. This approach transcends existing aptamer‐ribozyme chimera strategies that predominantly rely on aptamers binding to small molecules. The optozyme method thus stands to enable the graded, non‐invasive, and spatiotemporally resolved control of gene expression. Optozymes are found efficient in bacteria and mammalian cells and usher in hitherto inaccessible optoribogenetic modalities with broad applicability in synthetic and systems biology.
Interfacial Charge Transfer for Enhancing Nonlinear Saturable Absorption in WS2/graphene Heterostructure
Authors: Wang Yiduo , Wang Yingwei , Lan Changyong , Zhou Li , Kang Jianlong , Zheng Wanxin , Xue Tianyu , Li Yejun , Yuan Xiaoming , Xiao Si , Li Heping , He Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInterlayer charge‐transfer (CT) in 2D atomically thin vertical stacks heterostructures offers an unparalleled new approach to regulation of device performance in optoelectronic and photonics applications. Despite the fact that the saturable absorption (SA) in 2D heterostructures involves highly efficient optical modulation in the space and time domain, the lack of explicit SA regulation mechanism at the nanoscale prevents this feature from realizing nanophotonic modulation. Here, the enhancement of SA response via CT in WS2/graphene vertical heterostructure is proposed and the related mechanism is demonstrated through simulations and experiments. Leveraging this mechanism, CT‐induced SA enhancement can be expanded to a wide range of nonlinear optical modulation applications for 2D materials. The results suggest that CT between 2D heterostructures enables efficient nonlinear optical response regulation.
Nodulation Signaling Pathway 1 and 2 Modulate Vanadium Accumulation and Tolerance of Legumes
Authors: Liu Peng , Zhang Xinfei , Lin Lin , Cao Yanyan , Lin Xizhen , Ye Liaoliao , Yan Jun , Gao Huiling , Wen Jiangqi , Mysore Kirankumar S. , Liu Jinlong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVanadium (V) pollution potentially threatens human health. Here, it is found that nsp1 and nsp2, Rhizobium symbiosis defective mutants of Medicago truncatula, are sensitive to V. Concentrations of phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and sulfur (S) with V are negatively correlated in the shoots of wild‐type R108, but not in mutant nsp1 and nsp2 shoots. Mutations in the P transporter PHT1, PHO1, and VPT families, Fe transporter IRT1, and S transporter SULTR1/3/4 family confer varying degrees of V tolerance on plants. Among these gene families, MtPT1, MtZIP6, MtZIP9, and MtSULTR1; 1 in R108 roots are significantly inhibited by V stress, while MtPHO1; 2, MtVPT2, and MtVPT3 are significantly induced. Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana VPT1 or M. truncatula MtVPT3 increases plant V tolerance. However, the response of these genes to V is weakened in nsp1 or nsp2 and influenced by soil microorganisms. Mutations in NSPs reduce rhizobacterial diversity under V stress and simplify the V‐responsive operational taxonomic unit modules in co‐occurrence networks. Furthermore, R108 recruits more beneficial rhizobacteria related to V, P, Fe, and S than does nsp1 or nsp2. Thus, NSPs can modulate the accumulation and tolerance of legumes to V through P, Fe, and S transporters, ion homeostasis, and rhizobacterial community responses.
Anion‐Bridged Dual Hydrogen Bond Enabled Concerted Addition of Phenol to Glycal
Authors: Jiao Qinbo , Guo Zhenbo , Zheng Mingwen , Lin Wentao , Liao Yujie , Yan Weitao , Liu Tianfei , Xu Chunfa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA noncovalent organocatalytic concerted addition of phenol to glycal is developed for the stereoselective and regioselective construction of biologically important phenolic 2‐deoxyglycosides, featuring wide substrate tolerance. The method relies on an anion‐bridged dual hydrogen bond interaction which is experimentally proved by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Ultraviolet and visible (UV–vis), and fluorescence analysis. Experimental evidence including kinetic analysis, Kinetic Isotope Effect (KIE) studies, linear free energy relationship, Hammett plot, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations is provided for a concerted mechanism where a high‐energy oxocarbenium ion is not formed. In addition, the potential utility of this method is further demonstrated by the synthesis of biologically active glycosylated flavones. The benchmarking studies demonstrate significant advances in this newly developed method compared to previous approaches.
Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition of AlN on High Degree Roughness Vertical Surfaces for MEMS Fabrication
Authors: Bespalova Kristina , Ross Glenn , Suihkonen Sami , Paulasto‐Kröckel Mervi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAluminum nitride (AlN) grown on vertical surfaces can be utilized for the fabrication of advanced piezoelectric microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The in‐plane motion of the parts of a MEMS element is possible when AlN is deposited on the vertical surfaces of the moving structure. For the best device performance, AlN must have high crystal quality, uniform coverage of the vertical sidewalls, and c‐axis crystalline orientation perpendicular to the plane of a vertical surface. The impact of the surface roughness (Rq) of the vertical sidewalls formed in Si using wet and dry etching methods on the crystal quality, crystallographic orientation, and uniformity of the metalorganic chemical vapor deposited (MOCVD) AlN thin films is studied in this paper. In both cases, AlN films demonstrated full sidewall coverage and grew crystalline in the c‐axis direction. AlN films grown on vertical Si surfaces achieved using anisotropic wet etching are highly crystalline and oriented in [0001] direction, while the films grown on vertical surfaces achieved using dry etching displayed a lower level of alignment with the Si sidewalls.
Differences in emergency medicine resident procedural reporting by race and ethnicity
Authors: Arno Kimbia , Bradby Cassandra , Shappell Eric , Mannix Alexandra , Fix Megan , Jordan Jaime , Cooney Robert , Krzyzaniak Sara M. , Gottlieb Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe recruitment, retention, and training of physicians from groups underrepresented in medicine (UiM) is critically important to the practice of emergency medicine (EM). Studies across specialties have demonstrated disparities in operative experiences among UiM resident learners who are UiM; however, there are limited data on procedural disparities in EM.ObjectiveWe sought to quantify the association between racial and ethnic identities that are UiM and the number of procedures reported among EM residents.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of procedural differences by UiM status (using self‐identified race and ethnicity) among graduating EM residents at nine training programs over a 10‐year period. Sites were selected to ensure diversity of program length, program type, and geography. Data from residents in combined training programs, those who did not complete their full training at that institution, and those with missing data or electing not to report race/ethnicity were excluded. We calculated median and interquartile ranges for each procedure by UiM status. We conducted multivariable regression analyses accounting for UiM status, gender, and site as well as a sensitivity analysis excluding values >3 standard deviations from the mean for each procedure.ResultsWe collected data from 988 total residents, with 718 (73%) being non‐UiM, 204 (21%) being UiM, 48 (5%) electing not to specific race/ethnicity, and 18 (2%) missing race/ethnicity data. While unadjusted data demonstrated a difference between UiM and non‐UiM resident numbers across several procedures, there were no significant differences in procedures reported after accounting for gender and site in the primary or sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsWe did not identify a statistically significant difference in reported procedures between UiM and non‐UiM residents in EM. Future work should include qualitative investigations of UiM resident experience surrounding procedures as well as mixed‐methods studies to examine how these data interact.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Synthesis of Aryl Ketones and Aldehydes from N‐(acyloxy)phthalimides Esters
Authors: Ding Di , Wan Ruiying , Qi Yuchen , Gong Lili , Zhang Zixuan , Guan Haixing , Li Wei , Zhu Qingjun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA visible‐light‐mediated decarboxylative oxidation of benzylic redox active esters is described. A diverse array of aromatic ketones or aldehydes could be achieved (15 examples) from secondary or primary aliphatic carboxylic acids. A mechanism involving resonance transformation in the presence of Cs2CO3 is proposed.
Coupling Ferricyanide/Ferrocyanide Redox Mediated Recycling Spent LiFePO4 with Hydrogen Production
Authors: Jia Xin , Kang Hongjun , Hou Guangyao , Wu Weiran , Lu Songtao , Li Yang , Wang Qing , Qin Wei , Wu Xiaohong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractReplacing the oxygen evolution reaction with thermodynamically more favorable alternative oxidation reactions offers a promising alternative to reduce the energy consumption of hydrogen production. However, questions remain regarding the economic viability of alternative oxidation reactions for industrial‐scale hydrogen production. Here, we propose an innovative cost‐effective, environment‐friendly and energy‐efficient strategy for simultaneous recycling of spent LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries and hydrogen production by coupling the spent LFP‐assisted ferricyanide/ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN)6]4−/[Fe(CN)6]3−) redox reaction. The onset potential for the electrooxidation of [Fe(CN)6]4− to [Fe(CN)6]3− is low at 0.87 V. Operando Raman and UV/Visible spectroscopy confirm that the presence of LFP in the electrolyte allows for the rapid reduction of [Fe(CN)6]3− to [Fe(CN)6]4−, thereby completing the [Fe(CN)6]4−/[Fe(CN)6]3− redox cycle as well as facilitating the conversion of spent LiFePO4 into LiOH ⋅ H2O and FePO4. The electrolyzer consumes 3.6 kWh of electricity per cubic meter of H2 produced at 300 mA cm−2, which is 43 % less than conventional water electrolysis. Additionally, this recycling pathway for spent LFP batteries not only minimizes chemical consumption and prevents secondary pollution but also presents significant economic benefits.
Evolution of Microscopic Magnetic Domains in Quasi‐2D Cr0.92Te at Room Temperature
Authors: Ni Yan , Wang Tirui , Wang Jiangjing , Guo Yongxiang , Huang Ting , Qiao Xurong , Zhang Wei , Zhang Zhen , Chen Xuegang , Li Tao , Min Tai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract2D materials with long‐range ferromagnetic order hold promises for the development of compact spintronic devices with unprecedented multifunctionality and tunability. Among various 2D magnets, self‐intercalated transition metal chalcogenides Cr1+δTe2 exhibit unique features, especially excellent ambient stability and intrinsic ferromagnetic ordering above room temperature, which are critical requirements for real‐life device applications. Despite the many investigations of the magnetic properties of the Cr1+δTe2 family on the averaging macroscopic level, the domain evolution on the microscale, which is vital to nanoscale spintronics, is yet to be fully understood. Here, the evolution of magnetic behaviors of Cr0.92Te crystals is presented on both macro‐ and micro‐scales under magnetic field and thermal excitation. The crystal exhibits a high Curie temperature (Tc ≈ 343 K) among the Cr1+δTe2 family with weak magnetic anisotropy and in‐plane magnetic easy axis. Utilizing magnetic force microscopy, a pristine multidomain state and typical domain‐switching behavior are observed. Moreover, the evolution of domain texture under thermal excitation shows statistical power‐law scaling as approaching Tc. The results provide microscopic insight into the ferromagnetic behavior of a room‐temperature quasi‐2D crystal, which can be useful for further engineering of domain texture in low‐dimensional magnetic materials.
Role of bio‐flavonols and their derivatives in improving mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with pancreatic tumorigenesis
Authors: Sharma Vinit , Arora Ankita , Bansal Sakshi , Semwal Ankita , Sharma Mayank , Aggarwal Anjali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMitochondria, a cellular metabolic center, efficiently fulfill cellular energy needs and regulate crucial metabolic processes, including cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and generation of reactive oxygen species. Alteration in the mitochondrial functions leads to metabolic imbalances and altered extracellular matrix dynamics in the host, utilized by solid tumors like pancreatic cancer (PC) to get energy benefits for fast‐growing cancer cells. PC is highly heterogeneous and remains unidentified for a longer time because of its complex pathophysiology, retroperitoneal position, and lack of efficient diagnostic approaches, which is the foremost reason for accounting for the seventh leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. PC cells often respond poorly to current therapeutics because of dense stromal barriers in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, which limit the drug delivery and distribution of antitumor immune cell populations. As an alternative approach, various natural compounds like flavonoids are reported to possess potent antioxidant and anticancerous properties and are less toxic than current chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, we aim to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the pharmacological properties of flavonols in PC in this review from the perspective of mitigating mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with cancer cells. Our literature survey indicates that flavonols efficiently regulate cellular metabolism by scavenging reactive oxygen species, mitigating inflammation, and arresting the cell cycle to promote apoptosis in tumor cells via intrinsic mitochondrial pathways. In particular, flavonols proficiently inhibit the cancer‐associated proliferation and inflammatory pathways such as EGFR/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and nuclear factor κB in PC. Overall, this review provides in‐depth evidence about the therapeutic potential of flavonols for future anticancer strategies against PC; still, more multidisciplinary human interventional studies are required to dissect their pharmacological effect accurately.
The Effect of Ga Incorporation in TiO2/SnO2 Nanoparticle‐Decorated Hierarchical ZSM‐5 Composite as Precious‐Metal‐Free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Electro‐Reduction
Authors: Mashola Tebogo Abigail , Mugadza Kudzai , Matthews Thabo , Msomi Phumlani Fortune , Maxakato Nobanathi Wendy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe slow nature of oxygen electro‐reduction has become a major obstacle in fuel cell commercialization. Researchers have recently focused on developing efficient electrocatalysts to address this issue. In this study, we investigated the catalytic activity of electrocatalysts based on metal‐incorporated zeolites. We prepared the zeolite socony mobil‐5 (ZSM‐5) zeolite samples hydrothermally and modified them to introduce mesopores and metal nanoparticles. The metal nanoparticles were supported on the hierarchical zeolite socony mobil‐5 (HZSM‐5) support materials by ion‐exchange process. Surface morphology analysis revealed that the pristine material had a smooth surface which became rough upon post‐modification of the material. Hierarchical zeolites showed large surface area and pore volume. The TiSn‐loaded‐HZSM‐5 demonstrated higher catalytic efficiency than other prepared electrocatalysts for ORR. The catalytic efficiency of the synthesized electrocatalysts was in the order TiSn‐HZSM‐5>GaSn‐HZSM‐5>TiGaSn‐HZSM‐5>TiGa‐HZSM‐5 with the onset potential of 0.86, 0.81, 0.80 and 0.78 V respectively. Catalysis is affected by the size, dispersion and electronic state of metal nanoparticles as observed by the catalytic efficiency of the trimetallic electrocatalysts which have low catalytic activity compared to bimetallic counterparts. Bimetallic hierarchical zeolites based electrocatalysts have great potential in catalysis, but there is still room for improvement.
Effects of Anions and Surface Structure on Pt Single Crystal Dissolution in Acidic Electrolytes
Authors: Briega‐Martos Valentín , Fuchs Timo , Drnec Jakub , Magnussen Olaf M. , Cherevko Serhiy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms of Pt dissolution with well‐defined surfaces is vital for developing stable catalysts for electrochemical energy conversion devices such as fuel cells. This work investigates Pt dissolution from low‐index single crystals in perchlorate, sulfate, and methanesulfonate acid solutions by on‐line inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), and the results are correlated with surface X‐ray diffraction (SXRD) studies. The previously reported stability trend Pt(111)>Pt(100)>Pt(110) in HClO4 was confirmed for the other acids. The application of electrochemical protocols up to high potential values demonstrated that dissolution for Pt(100) increases to a lower extent than for the other planes. Dissolution is affected by the nature of the anion, especially for Pt(111), with the dissolution rate increasing in the order H2SO4>MSA>HClO4. This influence could be due to the interaction strength of the anion with Pt and its complexing ability or different ratios of the surface coverage of different oxide species. For Pt(111), SXRD measurements show different onset potentials for extraction in HClO4 and H2SO4, which can influence the dissolution processes. These results demonstrate that fundamental studies are necessary to improve the current knowledge about Pt dissolution and how to hinder it to a practical extent.
Effects of flaxseed supplementation on weight loss, lipid profiles, glucose, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein in patients with coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sabet Hamid Reza , Ahmadi Mohammad , Akrami Mehdi , Motamed Mahsa , Keshavarzian Omid , Abdollahi Mozhan , Rezaei Mehdi , Akbari Hamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of flaxseed supplementation on weight loss, lipid profiles, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), and glucose levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A systematic search was performed using various online databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) until June 2023. To evaluate heterogeneity among the selected studies, the Q‐test and I2 statistics were employed. Data were combined using either a fixed‐ or random‐effects model and presented as a weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Of the 428 citations, six RCTs were included. The pooled results did not show significant changes in the WMD of lipid factors (high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total cholesterol) following flaxseed intake. However, after performing a sensitivity analysis to determine the source of heterogeneity, flaxseed supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in TG levels (WMD = −18.39 mg/dL; 95% CI: −35.02, −1.75). Moreover, no significant differences were observed in either weight or BMI following flaxseed intake. However, the circulating levels of fasting blood glucose (WMD = −8.35 mg/dL; 95% CI: −15.01, −1.69, p = .01) and hs‐CRP (WMD = −1.35 mg/L; 95% CI: −1.93, −0.77, p < .01) significantly decreased after the intervention. Flaxseed supplementation was associated with lowering FBS, hs‐CRP, and TG levels but did not affect weight loss parameters and other lipid markers in CAD.
Sustainable Electrochemical Benzylic C−H Oxidation Using MeOH as an Oxygen Source
Authors: Xue Meng , Pan Tao , Shao Zhichao , Wang Wenxuan , Li Hu , Zhao Lixing , Zhou Xin , Zhang Yuexia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNew methods and strategies for the direct oxidation of benzylic C−H bonds are highly desirable, owing to the importance of ketone motifs in significant organic transformations and the synthesis of valuable molecules, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and fine chemicals. Herein, we describe an electrochemical benzylic C−H oxidation strategy for the synthesis of ketones using MeOH as an oxygen source. Inexpensive and safe KBr serves as both an electrolyte and a bromide radical precursor in the reaction. This transformation also offers several advantages such as mild conditions, broad functional group tolerance, and operational simplicity. Mechanistic investigations by control experiments, radical scavenging experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), kinetic studies, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and in‐situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy support a pathway involving the formation and transformation of benzyl methyl ether via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and single‐electron transfer (SET). The practical application of our strategy is highlighted by the successful synthesis of five pharmaceuticals, namely lenperone, melperone, diphenhydramine, cinnarizine, and flunarizine.
The term structure of interest rates and economic activity: Evidence from the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Salachas Evangelos , Kouretas Georgios P. , Laopodis Nikiforos T. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper tests the accuracy and predictability of two term structure models using both yields‐only and factor‐augmented specifications focusing on the recent COVID‐19 crisis. In addition, we test the predictive ability of the yield curve on economic activity for the United States and other advanced countries. We provide evidence that models with an enhanced information set, including COVID‐19 factors, improve interest rate forecasts for this period. Also, we point out that term structure models can determine future variations in economic activity but are time‐ and country‐sensitive. Finally, out‐of‐sample analysis reveals that the use of factor‐augmented term structure models, to reflect the current economic and market conditions, improves their forecasting accuracy.