bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal variability in slab temperature within dynamic 3-D subduction models
Authors: Turino Valeria , Holt Adam F 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARY
Spatio-temporal variability in arc geochemistry and the conditions recorded by exhumed rocks suggest subduction zone thermal structure evolves in time and along-strike. Although much effort has been dedicated to studying subduction zone thermal structure, we lack an understanding of spatio-temporal temperature variability during time-dependent subduction. We model 3-D, dynamic subduction and examine the time evolution of the along-strike temperature difference of the slab’s upper surface (‘slab-top’) at the centre relative to the edge of the subduction zone. We examine this slab-top temperature variability for subduction systems of different widths and with different plate mobilities (i.e. fixed versus free subducting and overriding plates). In all of our models, the main control on slab-top temperature is convergence rate; either by simply controlling the rate of slab sinking or via the effect it has on the decoupling depth (DD). In the early stages of subduction, more rapid convergence at the plate centre produces a cooler slab relative to warmer slab edges. For mature subduction, this flips; a shallower DD at the slab centre produces warmer temperatures with respect to the edge. Importantly, our maximum along-strike temperature changes are reduced (≤50 °C) relative to previous kinematically driven modelling studies, due to a reduced role for slab-top heating via toroidal flow. Our dynamic subduction models, therefore, point towards a strong time dependence in the sense of along-strike temperature variation, but with relatively low absolute values in geometrically simple subduction zones.
Ketamine or ECT? What Have We Learned From the KetECT and ELEKT-D Trials?
Authors: Ekstrand Joakim , Takamiya Akihiro , Nordenskjold Axel , Kirov George , Sienaert Pascal , Kellner Charles H , Movahed Rad Pouya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
1. Two recent clinical trials, KetECT and ELEKT-D, compared the effectiveness of ketamine and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for major depressive disorder. Notably, these trials reported marked differences in ECT's clinical outcomes of, with remission rates of 63% for KetECT and a strikingly lower rate of 22% for ELEKT-D, while the remission rates for ketamine were 46% and 38%, respectively. Considering that the primary objective of both trials was to compare the standard treatment (ECT) with an experimental intervention (ketamine), it is crucial to highlight the pronounced disparities in ECT’s clinical outcomes. This article offers a comprehensive comparison of these trials while also exploring how patient characteristics, treatment protocols, and study designs may contribute to such pronounced outcome discrepancies. These differences highlight the heterogeneous nature of depression and underscore the need for personalized treatments. These studies also provide valuable insights into identifying the most suitable candidates for ketamine and ECT.
Biofilm Formation by Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae and Resistance to Complement-Mediated Clearance
Authors: Belkacem Nouria , Deghmane Ala-Eddine , Taha Muhamed-Kheir 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Biofilm formation has been suggested to be associated with phenotype changes compared with the planktonic form. We screened 1092 Haemophilus influenzae isolates for their genetic relationships and then selected 29 isolates from different genotypes and phenotypes and tested their ability to form biofilm. Our data showed a higher capacity of nontypable isolates, particularly isolates from respiratory and genital infections to form biofilm, compared with typable isolates. This ability to form biofilm was also correlated with reduced deposition of the complement component C3b on biofilm-involved bacteria. These data suggest that the biofilm formation contributes to the virulence of nontypable H. influenzae.
Mental health and neglected tropical diseases – the neglected dimension of burden: identifying the challenges and understanding the burden
Authors: Molyneux David H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mental health co-morbidity and the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) has been highlighted as a major component of the ill health. The impact of mental illness is considered to be significantly underestimated in the calculations of the overall Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). This commentary discusses the DALY burden of anxiety, depression and associated stigma of NTDs. The economic losses incurred as a result of mental health conditions is assessed, and the impact on caregivers and families. It recommends that mental health care is incorporated into NTDs programme planning and implementation. Priority research is the estimation of the NTD burden of depressive and anxiety disorders and neuropsychiatric conditions of NTDs and an evaluation of the economic costs of mental illness derived from NTDs causation.
Lipopeptide culture filtrates from Bacillus spp. provide effective protection to wheat against the foliar pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici
Authors: El Arbi Amel , Arnauld Ségolène , Chataigné Gabrielle , Lecouturier Didier , Bricout Alexandre , Gharsallah Néji , Jacques Philippe , Siah Ali , Rochex Alice 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims
Biocontrol products based on microorganisms and natural substances are promising alternatives to chemical pesticides that could contribute to develop a more sustainable agriculture. Here, we investigated the potential of cell-free culture filtrates (CFCFs) from two strains of the Bacillus subtilis group to inhibit Zymoseptoria tritici, a major fungal pathogen of wheat.

Methods and results
Foliar application of CFCFs from Bacillus velezensis GA1 and Bacillus sp. III1 on wheat seedlings in a greenhouse strongly reduced Z. tritici disease severity (&gt;90%). In vitro bioassays showed that CFCFs completely inhibited the spore germination and fungal growth (100%). In planta cytological investigations revealed a significant impact of the treatments on both spore germination (∼40% inhibition) and fungal growth of Z. tritici (&gt;80% inhibition). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that the Bacillus strains displayed different lipopeptide profiles. The CFCF obtained from Bacillus GA1 contained 90 mg l−1 of iturin A + surfactins + fengycins and the CFCF obtained from Bacillus sp. III1 contained 25 mg l−1 of mojavensin A (iturin family) + surfactins + fengycins.

Conclusions
Strains of the B. subtilis group producing different iturins could provide several CFCF-based solutions for the biocontrol of Z. tritici.
Thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor: current knowledge and future perspectives
Authors: Shinno Yuki , Ohe Yuichiro ,   the Lung Cancer Study Group of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG)
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor is a newly recognized disease entity characterized as a high-grade malignant neoplasm with an undifferentiated or rhabdoid phenotype. The tumor was initially identified as a subtype of thoracic sarcoma with SMARCA4 loss, but further investigation resulted in its classification as a subtype of epithelial malignancies in the current World Health Organization classification. SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor is highly aggressive and has a poor prognosis. Because of its rarity, an optimal treatment strategy has not yet been identified. In this review, we summarize the literature on SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor in terms of its clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment strategy and future perspectives.
Human CD34+/dim neutrophil-committed progenitors do not differentiate into neutrophil-like CXCR1+CD14+CD16− monocytes in vitro
Authors: Signoretto Ilaria , Calzetti Federica , Gasperini Sara , Bianchetto-Aguilera Francisco , Gardiman Elisa , Finotti Giulia , Tecchio Cristina , Tamassia Nicola , Cassatella Marco A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The advent of recent cutting-edge technologies has allowed the discovery and characterization of novel progenitors of human neutrophils, including SSCloCD66b+CD15+CD11b−CD49dhiproNeu1s, SSChiCD66b+CD15+CD11b−CD49dintproNeus2s, CD66b+CD15+CD11b+CD49d+CD101−preNeus, and Lin−CD66b+CD117+CD71+eNePs. In this research field, we recently identified CD66b−CD38+CD64dimCD115−, CD34+, and CD34dim/− cells exclusively committed to the neutrophil lineage (which we renamed as CD34+ and CD34dim/− neutrophil-committed progenitors), representing the earliest neutrophil precursors identifiable and sorted by flow cytometry. Moreover, based on their differential CD34 and CD45RA expression, we could identify 4 populations of neutrophil-committed progenitors: CD34+CD45RA−/NCP1s, CD34+CD45RA+/NCP2s, CD34dim/−CD45RA+/NCP3s, and CD34dim/−CD45RA−/NCP4s. This said, a very recent study by Ikeda and coworkers (PMID: 36862552) reported that neutrophil precursors, termed either neutrophil progenitors or “early neutrophil-committed progenitors,” would generate immunosuppressive neutrophil-like CXCR1+CD14+CD16− monocytes. Hence, presuming that neutrophil progenitors/“early neutrophil-committed progenitors” correspond to neutrophil-committed progenitors, the selective neutrophil commitment that we attributed to neutrophil-committed progenitors is contradicted by Ikeda and coworkers’ article. In this study, by performing a more analytical reevaluation at the phenotypic and molecular levels of the cells generated by neutrophil-committed progenitors 2 and 4 (selected as representatives of neutrophil-committed progenitors), we categorically exclude that neutrophil-committed progenitors generate neutrophil-like CXCR1+CD14+CD16− monocytes. Rather, we provide substantial evidence indicating that the cells generated by neutrophil progenitors/“early neutrophil-committed progenitors” are neutrophilic cells at a different stage of maturation, displaying moderate levels of CD14, instead of neutrophil-like CXCR1+CD14+CD16− monocytes, as pointed by Ikeda and coworkers. Hence, the conclusion that neutrophil progenitors/“early neutrophil-committed progenitors” aberrantly differentiate into neutrophil-like monocytes derives, in our opinion, from data misinterpretation.
Teaching and knowledge: uneasy bedfellows
Authors: Fisher Andrew , Tallant Jonathan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper we explore the connection between the act of teaching and the imparting of knowledge. Our overarching aim is to demonstrate that the connection between them is less tight than one might suppose. Our stepping off point is a recent paper by David Bakhurst who (on one reading, at least) takes a strong view, opposed to our own. On our reading, Bakhurst argues that there is a tight conceptual connection between teaching and the imparting of knowledge. We argue that this is not the case; the connection does not hold. We then consider several ways we might weaken the alleged conceptual connection between teaching and knowledge, finally considering two ways of severing the conceptual connection altogether, whilst at the same time allowing that much teaching does indeed lead to the imparting of knowledge. We argue that such views are to be preferred.
Effect of overexpression of partial TDH1 and TDH2/3 gene sequences in a starter strain of industrial bioethanol fermentation on the Brettanomyces bruxellensis contaminant growth
Authors: Branco Patrícia , Carvalho Luísa , Prista Catarina , Albergaria Helena 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Selected Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, such as the commercial Ethanol-Red (ER) strain, are used as starters in the bioethanol industry. Yet, bioethanol fermentations are prone to microbial contaminations, mainly by Brettanomyces bruxellensis and lactic acid bacteria. Chemicals, such as sulphuric acid and antibiotics, are commonly used to combat those contaminations, but they have negative environmental impacts. Recently, ER strain was found to secrete antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) active against B. bruxellensis. Therefore, the partial TDH1 and TDH2/3 genes sequences that codify those AMPs were inserted into the pSR41k plasmid and cloned in ER strains. The relative expression levels (plasmidic/genomic) of those sequences in the respective modified ER strains were quantified by real-time quantitative polimerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), confirming their overexpression. The effect of the modified strains on B. bruxellensis (Bb) growth was then evaluated during synthetic must (SM) and carob syrup (CS) fermentations, co-inoculated with 105 cells ml−1 of ER and Bb in SM and with 106 of ER and 5 × 103 cells ml−1 of Bb in CS. Results showed that modified ER strains exerted a much higher inhibitory effect against B. bruxellensis (72-fold in SM and 10-fold in CS) than the non-modified ER strain. In those fermentations, 90–100 g l−1 of ethanol was produced in 3–6 days.
EPOCHS IX. When cosmic dawn breaks: evidence for evolved stellar populations in 7 &lt; z &lt; 12 galaxies from PEARLS GTO and public NIRCam imaging
Authors: Trussler James A A , Conselice Christopher J , Adams Nathan , Austin Duncan , Ferreira Leonardo , Harvey Tom , Li Qiong , Vijayan Aswin P , Wilkins Stephen M , Windhorst Rogier A , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Cheng Cheng , Coe Dan , Cohen Seth H , Driver Simon P , Frye Brenda , Grogin Norman A , Hathi Nimish , Jansen Rolf A , Koekemoer Anton , Marshall Madeline A , Nonino Mario , Ortiz Rafael , Pirzkal Nor , Robotham Aaron , Ryan Russell E , D’Silva Jordan C J , Summers Jake , Tompkins Scott , Willmer Christopher N A , Yan Haojing 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The presence of evolved stars in high-redshift galaxies can place valuable indirect constraints on the onset of star formation in the Universe. Thus, we use PEARLS GTO (Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science Guaranteed Time Observations) and public NIRCam (Near Infrared Camera) photometric data to search for Balmer-break candidate galaxies at 7 &lt; z &lt; 12. We find that our Balmer-break candidates at z ∼ 10.5 tend to be older (115 Myr), have lower inferred [O iii] + Hβ equivalent widths (120 Å), have lower specific star formation rates (6 Gyr−1) and redder UV slopes (β = −1.8) than our control sample of galaxies. However, these trends all become less strong at z ∼ 8, where the F444W filter now probes the strong rest-frame optical emission lines, thus providing additional constraints on the current star formation activity of these galaxies. Indeed, the bursty nature of epoch of reionization galaxies can lead to a disconnect between their current spectral energy distribution (SED) profiles and their more extended star formation histories. We discuss how strong emission lines, the cumulative effect of weak emission lines, dusty continua, and active galactic nuclei can all contribute to the photometric excess seen in the rest-frame optical, thus mimicking the signature of a Balmer break. Additional medium-band imaging will thus be essential to more robustly identify Balmer-break galaxies. However, the Balmer break alone cannot serve as a definitive proxy for the stellar age of galaxies, being complexly dependent on the star formation history. Ultimately, deep Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) continuum spectroscopy and Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) imaging will provide the strongest indirect constraints on the formation era of the first galaxies in the Universe, thereby revealing when cosmic dawn breaks.
Diagnostic diagrams for ram pressure stripped candidates
Authors: Krabbe A C , Hernandez-Jimenez J A , Mendes de Oliveira C , Jaffe Y L , Oliveira C B , Cardoso N M , Smith Castelli A V , Dors O L , Cortesi A , Crossett J P 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
This paper presents a method for finding ram pressure stripped (RPS) galaxy candidates by performing a morphological analysis of galaxy images obtained from the Legacy survey. We consider a sample of about 600 galaxies located in different environments such as groups and clusters, tidally interacting pairs and the field. The sample includes 160 RPS previously classified in the literature into classes from J1 to J5, based on the increasing level of disturbances. Our morphological analysis was done using the astromorphlib software followed by the inspection of diagnostic diagrams involving combinations of different parameters like the asymmetry (A), concentration (C), Sérsic index (n), and bulge strength parameters $F(G,\, M_{20})$. We found that some of those diagrams display a distinct region in which galaxies classified as J3, J4, and J5 decouples from isolated galaxies. We call this region as the morphological transition zone and we also found that tidally interacting galaxies in pairs are predominant within this zone. Nevertheless, after visually inspecting the objects in the morphological transition zone to discard obvious contaminants, we ended up with 33 bona fide new RPS candidates in the studied nearby groups and clusters (Hydra, Fornax, and CLoGS sample), of which one-third show clear evidence of unwinding arms. Future works may potentially further increase significantly the samples of known RPS using such method.
The mass range of hot subdwarf B stars from MESA simulations
Authors: Arancibia-Rojas Eduardo , Zorotovic Monica , Vučković Maja , Bobrick Alexey , Vos Joris , Piraino-Cerda Franco 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Hot subdwarf B (sdB) stars are helium core burning stars that have lost almost their entire hydrogen envelope due to binary interaction. Their assumed canonical mass of ${M_{\mathrm{sdB}}}\sim 0.47$ M⊙ has recently been debated given a broad range found both from observations as well as from the simulations. Here, we revise and refine the mass range for sdBs derived two decades ago with the Eggleton code, using the stellar evolution code mesa, and discuss the effects of metallicity and the inclusion of core overshooting during the main sequence. We find an excellent agreement for low-mass progenitors, up to ∼2.0 M⊙. For stars more massive than ∼2.5 M⊙, we obtain a wider range of sdB masses compared to the simulations from the literature. Our mesa models for the lower metallicity predict, on average, slightly more massive sdBs. Finally, we show the results for the sdB lifetime as a function of sdB mass and discuss the effect this might have in the comparison between simulations and observational samples. This study paves the way for reproducing the observed Galactic mass distribution of sdB binaries.
An investigation of the state changes of PSR J2021+4026 and the Vela pulsar
Authors: Wang H-H , Takata J , Lin L C-C , Tam P-H T 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We report on long-term evolution of gamma-ray flux and spin-down rate of two bright gamma-ray pulsars, PSR J2021+4026 and Vela (PSR J0835−4510). PSR J2021+4026 shows repeated state changes in gamma-ray flux and spin-down rate. We report two new state changes, a first one from a low gamma-ray flux to a high flux that occurred around MJD 58910, and a second one from high to low flux that occurred around MJD 59510. We find that the flux changes associated with these two state changes are smaller than those determined in the previous events, and the waiting time of the new state change from the high gamma-ray flux to low gamma-ray flux is significantly shorter than previous events. Since the waiting time-scale of the quasi-periodic state changes of PSR J2021+4026 is similar to the waiting time-scale of the glitch events of the Vela pulsar, we search for the state change of the gamma-ray emission of the Vela pulsar to investigate the possibility that the glitching process is the trigger of the state change of PSR J2021+4026. For the Vela pulsar, the flux of the radio pulses briefly decreased around the 2016 glitch, suggesting that the glitch may have affected the structure of the magnetosphere. Nevertheless, we could not find any significant change of the gamma-ray emission properties using 15 yr of Fermi-LAT data. Overall, it seems inconclusive that a glitch-like process similar to that occurred to the Vela pulsar triggers the structure change of the global magnetosphere and causes state changes of PSR J2021+4026. Further and deep investigations to clarify the mechanism of the mode change for PSR J2021+4026 are required.
Ionized X-ray winds in the radio galaxy Mrk 6
Authors: Kayanoki Taishu , Mao Junjie , Fukazawa Yasushi 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Active galactic nucleus (AGN) outflows including jets and ionized winds have been key phenomena such as jet collimation and AGN feedback to the host galaxy in astrophysics. Radio galaxies, a type of AGN with misaligned jets, have provided valuable insights into the properties and relationships of these outflows. However, several aspects regarding AGN outflows remain unclarified, such as the relationship between jets and ultrafast outflows (UFOs) and the differences between the properties of radio-loud AGN disc winds and radio-quiet AGN ionized winds. To clarify these aspects, radio galaxies containing UFOs and warm absorbers (WAs) must be studied. Currently, both UFOs and WAs have been reported in only two radio galaxies, 3C 390.3 and 4C +74.26. To enhance our understanding of the connection between the jets and ionized winds, we conducted a study on Mrk 6, a potential candidate for the third case of a radio galaxy displaying these characteristics. Using X-ray spectra obtained from XMM–Newton, we performed photoionization modelling using the spex code. The best-fitting model analysis results revealed the presence of a UFO component with a relatively low ionization parameter (Fe xix/xviii lines blueshifted by $-34700^{+400}_{-200}~{\rm km~s^{-1}}$) and a WA component with an outflow velocity of −7600 ± 200 km s−1. To further confirm the nature of the UFO and WA in Mrk 6, we simulated the X-ray imagining and spectroscopy mission spectra.
ExoMol line lists – LII. Line lists for the methylidyne cation (CH+)
Authors: Pearce Oliver , Yurchenko Sergei N , Tennyson Jonathan 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTComprehensive and accurate rovibronic line lists for the X 1Σ+ and A 1Π states of 12C1H+ and 13C1H+ which should be applicable up to temperatures of 5000 K are presented. Available empirical potential energy curves and high-level ab initio dipole and transition dipole moment curves are used with the program level to compute rovibronic energy levels and Einstein A coefficients. Λ-doubling is incorporated into the energy levels and A-coefficients involving the A 1Π state using an empirical method. For 12C1H+, line positions are improved by using both laboratory and astronomical observational spectra as input to the MARVEL (Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels) procedure. The 12C1H+ line list contains 1505 states and 34 194 transitions over the frequency range of 0–33 010 cm−1 (λ &gt; 300 nm). Comparisons with observed astronomical and laboratory spectra give very good agreement. The PYT CH+ line lists and partition functions are available from the ExoMol database at www.exomol.com.