bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syringic acid promotes cartilage extracellular matrix generation and attenuates osteoarthritic cartilage degradation by activating TGF‐β/Smad and inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Min , Gao Zhao , Zhang Yage , Zhao Qiangqiang , Tan Xinfang , Wu Siluo , Ding Lingli , Liu Yamei , Qin Shengnan , Gu Jiangyong , Xu Liangliang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative disease which is characterized by the disruption of articular cartilage. Syringic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound with anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and other effects including promoting osteogenesis. However, the effect of SA on OA has not yet been reported. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of SA on OA in a mouse model of medial meniscal destabilization. The expressions of genes were evaluated by qPCR or western blot or immunofluorescence. RNA‐seq analysis was performed to examine gene transcription alterations in chondrocytes treated with SA. The effect of SA on OA was evaluated using destabilization of the medial meniscus model of mice. We found that SA had no obvious toxic effect on chondrocytes, while promoting the expressions of chondrogenesis‐related marker genes. The results of RNA‐seq analysis showed that extracellular matrix–receptor interaction and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) signaling pathways were enriched among the up‐regulated genes by SA. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that SA transcriptionally activated Smad3. In addition, we found that SA inhibited the overproduction of lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammation‐related cytokines including tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐1β, as well as matrix metalloproteinase 3 and matrix metalloproteinase 13. The cell apoptosis and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling were also inhibited by SA treatment. Most importantly, SA attenuated cartilage degradation in a mouse OA model. Taken together, our study demonstrated that SA could alleviate cartilage degradation in OA by activating the TGF‐β/Smad and inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway.
Silver‐anchored dendrimer efficiently Light‐drive conversion of p‐nitrophenol
Authors: Chen Hao , Wang Guosheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEfficient use of solar energy for photocatalytic organic synthesis and degradation of organic matter is one of the most promising ways to solve energy shortage and environmental pollution. Silver/sulfur‐doped polyimide (Ag/SPI) was successfully prepared by anchoring silver nanoparticles on sulfur doped polyimide with dendriform structure by an open‐loop and closed‐loop method. Through the analysis of the structure, morphology and photoelectric properties by different characteristics, it is found that the anchoring of silver nanoparticles greatly reduces the electron‐hole recombination rate of SPI, and the cyclic stability is relatively good, and the electrons generated by photoexcitation can participate in the reduction of p‐nitrophenol more. Therefore, the activity of degradation of organic pollutants was greatly improved under the irradiation of visible light. At 5 minutes, the degradation rate of p‐nitrophenol reached 100 %, and the only product p‐nitrophenol was generated. The reaction time was 12 times that of SPI without anchored metal particles. The Ag/SPI dual‐function catalyst provides a new idea for the application of p‐nitrophenol wastewater treatment and the conversion of p‐aminophenol and provides a new reference direction for the field of organic wastewater treatment and organic synthesis.
Selenium dioxide as a selenylating reagent: An overview and its Sanguine future
Authors: Saroha Mohit , Swami Renu , Singh Bhupinder , Kumar Akshay , Tomar Deepak 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSelenylation of heterocyclic and carbocyclic compounds using selenium dioxide as a selenylating reagent has emerged as a novel research area. Selenium dioxide is a cheap, easily available and odorless selenium source with wide functional group tolerance. Selenium dioxide is much known for α‐oxidation reactions but this review will elaborate its role as oxidizing as well as selenylating agents. In this review, we have summarized the selenylation of different molecules like anilines, phenylhydrazines, aryl alkyl ketones, phenols, indoles, active methylene compounds, imidazole heterocycles, 1,3‐diones, boronic acids, pyrazoles, 2‐hydroxy acetophenones, alkyl halides and different electron rich arenes along with detailed mechanism. Triselenium dicyanide is a yellow colored addition product that has now been emerged as a well‐known reagent of selenocyanation and many research groups extensively working on it. Selenium containing compounds possess biological as well as pharmacological activity. The immense potential of selenium dioxide as a selenylating reagent attracted the interest of researchers working on selenylation.
Nb2AlC MAX Nanosheets Supported Ru Nanocrystals as Efficient Catalysts for Boosting pH‐Universal Hydrogen Production
Authors: Lu Zhensui , Yang Hui , Liu Qian , Luo Jun , Feng Ligang , Chu Liang , Liu Xijun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMAX phase combines both ceramic and metallic properties, which exhibits widespread application prospects. 2D MAX nanosheets have more abundant surface‐active sites, being anticipated to improve the performance of surface‐related applications. Herein, for the first time, 2D Nb2AlC nanosheets (NSs) as novel supports anchored with Ru catalysts for overall water splitting are developed. The optimized catalyst of Ru@Nb2AlC NSs exhibit Pt‐comparable kinetics and superior catalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) (low overpotentials of 61 and 169 mV at 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively) with excellent durability (5000 cycles or 80 h) in alkaline media. In particular, Ru@Nb2AlC NSs achieve a mass activity of ≈4.8 times larger than the commercial Pt/C (20 wt.%) catalyst. The post‐oxidation resultant catalyst of RuO2@Nb2AlC NSs also exhibit boosting HER and oxygen evolution reaction activities and ≈100% Faraday efficiency for overall water splitting with a cell voltage of 1.61 V to achieve 10 mA cm−2. Therefore, the novel category of 2D MAX supports anchored with Ru nanocrystals offers a novel strategy for designing a wide range of MAX‐supported metal catalysts for the renewable energy field.
Enhanced Calvarial Bone Repair Using ASCs Engineered with RNA‐Guided Split dCas12a System that Co‐Activates Sox 5, Sox6, and Long Non‐Coding RNA H19
Authors: Nguyen Nuong Thi Kieu , Lee Shang‐Shung , Chen Pin‐Hsin , Chang Yi‐Hao , Pham Nam Ngoc , Chang Chin‐Wei , Pham Dang Huu , Ngo Dung Kim Thi , Dang Quyen Thuc , Truong Vy Anh , Truong Vu Anh , Chang Yu‐Han , Hu Yu‐Chen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHealing of large calvarial bone defects remains challenging. An RNA‐guided Split dCas12a system is previously harnessed to activate long non‐coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19, referred to as H19 thereafter) in bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). H19 activation in BMSCs induces chondrogenic differentiation, switches bone healing pathways, and improves calvarial bone repair. Since adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) can be harvested more easily in large quantity, here it is aimed to use ASCs as an alternative cell source. However, H19 activation alone using the Split dCas12a system in ASCs failed to elicit evident chondrogenesis. Therefore, split dCas12a activators are designed more to co‐activate other chondroinductive transcription factors (Sox5, Sox6, and Sox9) to synergistically potentiate differentiation. It is found that co‐activation of H19/Sox5/Sox6 in ASCs elicited more potent chondrogenic differentiation than activation of Sox5/Sox6/Sox9 or H19 alone. Co‐activating H19/Sox5/Sox6 in ASCs significantly augmented in vitro cartilage formation and in vivo calvarial bone healing. These data altogether implicated the potentials of the Split dCas12a system to trigger multiplexed gene activation in ASCs for differentiation pathway reprogramming and tissue regeneration.
Controlled Epitaxial Growth of (hk1)‐Sb2Se3 Film on Cu9S5 Single Crystal via Post‐Annealing Treatment for Photodetection Application
Authors: Xiao Liu , Liu Zhiying , Zhang Gang , Feng Wenlin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAntimony selenide (Sb2Se3) is a promising semiconductor for photodetector applications due to its unique photovoltaic properties. Achieving optimal carrier transport in (001)‐Sb2Se3 by the material of contacting substrate requires in‐depth study. In this paper, the induced growth of Sb2Se3 films from (hk0) to (hk1) planes is achieved on digenite (Cu9S5) films by post‐annealing treatment. The flake‐like and flower‐like morphologies on the surface of Sb2Se3 films are caused by different thicknesses of the Cu9S5 films, which are related to the (hk0) and (hk1) planes of Sb2Se3 surface. The epitaxial growth of Sb2Se3 films on (105)‐Cu9S5 surfaces exhibits thickness dependence. The results inform research into the controlled induced growth of low‐dimensional materials. The device of Sb2Se3/Cu9S5/Si has good broadband response (visible to near‐infrared), self‐powered characteristics, and stability. As the crystalline quality of the Sb2Se3 film increases along the (hk1) plane, the carrier transport is enhanced correspondingly. Under the 980 nm light irradiation, the device has an excellent switching ratio of 2 × 104 at 0 bias, with responsivity, detectivity, and response time up to 17 µA W−1, 1.48 × 107 Jones, and 355/490 µs, respectively. This suggests that Sb2Se3 is suitable for self‐powered photodetectors and related optical and optoelectronic devices.
Hour‐Level Persistent Multicolor Phosphorescence Enabled by Carbon Dot‐Based Nanocomposites Through a Multi‐Confinement‐Based Approach
Authors: Hu Huajiang , Li Jiurong , Gong Xiao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHour‐level persistent room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) phenomena based on multi‐confinement carbon dots (CDs) are reported. The CDs‐based system reported here (named Si‐CDs@B2O3) can be efficiently synthesized by a simple pyrolysis method compared to the established persistent RTP systems. The binding modes of CDs, silica (SiO2), and boron oxide (B2O3) are deduced from a series of characterizations including XRD, FT‐IR, and TEM characterization. Further studies show that the formation of covalent bonds between B2O3, SiO2, and CDs play a key role in activating the persistent RTP and preventing its quenching. This is a rare example of a persistent RTP system that exhibits hourly persistent RTP under environmental conditions. Finally, the applications of Si‐CDs@B2O3 are demonstrated for anti‐counterfeiting, long‐duration phosphorescence imaging, and fingerprinting. This synthetic strategy is expected to provide strong technical support for the preparation of persistent RTP CDs and pave the way for the synthesis of persistent RTP CDs in the future.
Pulmonary siRNA Delivery with Sophisticated Amphiphilic Poly(Spermine Acrylamides) for the Treatment of Lung Fibrosis
Authors: Adams Friederike , Zimmermann Christoph M. , Baldassi Domizia , Pehl Thomas M. , Weingarten Philipp , Kachel Iris , Kränzlein Moritz , Jürgens David C. , Braubach Peter , Alexopoulos Ioannis , Wygrecka Malgorzata , Merkel Olivia M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) is an efficient strategy to post‐transcriptionally silence gene expression. While all siRNA drugs on the market target the liver, the lung offers a variety of currently undruggable targets, which can potentially be treated with RNA therapeutics. To achieve this goal, the synthesis of poly(spermine acrylamides) (P(SpAA) is reported herein. Polymers are prepared via polymerization of N‐acryloxysuccinimide (NAS) and afterward this active ester is converted into spermine‐based pendant groups. Copolymerizations with decylacrylamide are employed to increase the hydrophobicity of the polymers. After deprotection, polymers show excellent siRNA encapsulation to obtain perfectly sized polyplexes at very low polymer/RNA ratios. In vitro 2D and 3D cell culture, ex vivo and in vivo experiments reveal superior properties of amphiphilic spermine‐copolymers with respect to delivery of siRNA to lung cells in comparison to commonly used lipid‐based transfection agents. In line with the in vitro results, siRNA delivery to human lung explants confirm more efficient gene silencing of protease‐activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a G protein‐coupled receptor involved in fibrosis. This study reveals the importance of the balance between efficient polyplex formation, cellular uptake, gene knockdown, and toxicity for efficient siRNA delivery in vitro, in vivo, and in fibrotic human lung tissue ex vivo.
Photothermal Responsive Microcarriers Encapsulated With Cangrelor and 5‐Fu for Colorectal Cancer Treatment
Authors: Yang Wei , Wang Li , Fan Lu , Li Wenzhao , Zhao Yuanjin , Shang Luoran , Jiang Minghua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLocalized chemotherapy is emerging as a potential strategy for cancer treatment due to its low systemic toxicity. However, the immune evasion of tumor cells and the lack of an intelligent design of the delivery system limit its clinical application. Herein, photothermal responsive microcarriers are designed by microfluidic electrospray for colorectal tumor treatment. The microcarriers loaded with Cangrelor, 5‐FU and MXene (G‐M@F/C+NIR) show sustained delivery of antiplatelet drug Cangrelor, thus inhibiting the activity of platelets, interactions of platelet‐tumor cell, as well as the tumor cells invasion and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, the sustained delivery of chemotherapeutics 5‐FU and the photothermal effect provided by MXene enable the microcarriers to inhibit tumor cells proliferation and migration. In vivo studies validate that the G‐M@F/C+NIR microcarriers significantly inhibites tumor growth, decreased the expression of Ki‐67 in tumor cells and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the tumor microenvironment, while increased the expression of E‐cadherin. It is believe that by means of the proposed photothermal responsive microcarriers, the synergistic strategy of platelet inhibition, chemotherapy, and photothermal therapy can find practical applications in cancer treatment.
Bio‐Inspired Functional Materials for Environmental Applications
Authors: Ede Sivasankara Rao , Yu Haitao , Sung Chao Hsuan , Kisailus David 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith the global population expected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050, there is an urgent need for advanced materials that can address existing and developing environmental issues. Many current synthesis processes are environmentally unfriendly and often lack control over size, shape, and phase of resulting materials. Based on knowledge from biological synthesis and assembly processes, as well as their resulting functions (e.g., photosynthesis, self‐healing, anti‐fouling, etc.), researchers are now beginning to leverage these biological blueprints to advance bio‐inspired pathways for functional materials for water treatment, air purification and sensing. The result has been the development of novel materials that demonstrate enhanced performance and address sustainability. Here, an overview of the progress and potential of bio‐inspired methods toward functional materials for environmental applications is provided. The challenges and opportunities for this rapidly expanding field and aim to provide a valuable resource for researchers and engineers interested in developing sustainable and efficient processes and technologies is discussed.
Make It Make Sense: Fostering Children of Color from Minoritized Communities’ Comprehension Through Student‐Generated Decodable Readers
Authors: Lawson Amber 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen young children of Color from minoritized communities read decodable readers mandated by their school districts, children approach reading the texts with the expectation that the texts will make sense. While decodable readers allow children to apply their knowledge of phonics skills in context to support their word recognition, they tend to lack meaning and are not written in typical oral speech patterns. Therefore, many children may benefit from engaging in weekly instruction using student‐generated decodable readers (SGDRs) that not only support their decoding development but support their reading comprehension as well. The author includes illustrative examples of how first and second‐graders created SGDRs to support their decoding and, simultaneously, their comprehension development.
Justification of the exact asymptotics of the fundamental solution for a degenerate parabolic equation with a small parameter
Authors: Danilov Vladimir G. , Rakhel Mark A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a scheme for constructing the asymptotics of the fundamental solution of a linear degenerate parabolic equation with a small parameter. The asymptotics is constructed using the operator representation of the Dirac delta function and the non‐oscillating Wentzel‐Kramers‐Brillouin (WKB) method. In addition, a method to justify the obtained asymptotics by proving the convergence of the formal series that arises when using the WKB method is shown. Several examples of degenerate parabolic equations are considered, for which a fundamental solution is constructed, and its main properties are indicated.
Holographic three-point correlators at finite density and temperature
Authors: Georgiou George , Zoakos Dimitrios 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We calculate holographically three-point functions of scalar operators with large dimensions at finite density and finite temperature. To achieve this, we construct new solutions that involve two isometries of the deformed internal space. The novel feature of these solutions is that the corresponding two-point function depends not only on the conformal dimension but also on the difference between the two angular momenta. After identifying the dual operators, we systematically calculate three-point correlators as an expansion in powers of the temperature and the chemical potential. Our analytic perturbative results are in agreement with the exact numerical computation. The three point correlator (when the background contains either temperature or density but not both) is always a monotonic function of the temperature or the chemical potential. However, when both parameters are present the three point correlator is no longer a monotonic function. For fixed finite temperature and small values of the chemical potential a minimum of the three-point function appears. Surprisingly, contributions from the internal space do not depend on the chemical potential or the temperature, as long as those are treated as perturbations.
Subleading effects in soft-gluon emission at one-loop in massless QCD
Authors: Czakon Michał , Eschment Felix , Schellenberger Tom 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We elucidate the structure of the next-to-leading-power soft-gluon expansion of arbitrary one-loop massless-QCD amplitudes. The expansion is given in terms of universal colour-, spin- and flavour-dependent operators acting on process-dependent gauge-invariant amplitudes. The result is proven using the method of expansion-by-regions and tested numerically on non-trivial processes with up to six partons. In principle, collinear-region contributions are expressed in terms of convolutions of universal jet operators and process-dependent amplitudes with two collinear partons. However, we evaluate these convolutions exactly for arbitrary processes. This is achieved by deriving an expression for the next-to-leading power expansion of tree-level amplitudes in the collinear limit, which is a novel result as well. Compared to previous studies, our analysis, besides being more general, yields simpler formulae that avoid derivatives of process-dependent amplitudes in the collinear limit.
High-protein home parenteral nutrition in malnourished oncology patients: a systematic literature review
Authors: Cotogni Paolo , Shaw Clare , Jimenez-Fonseca Paula , Partridge Dominic , Pritchett David , Webb Neil , Crompton Amy , Garcia-Lorda Pilar , Shepelev Julian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Up to 83% of oncology patients are affected by cancer-related malnutrition, depending on tumour location and patient age. Parenteral nutrition can be used to manage malnutrition, but there is no clear consensus as to the optimal protein dosage. The objective of this systematic literature review (SLR) was to identify studies on malnourished oncology patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) where protein or amino acid delivery was reported in g/kg bodyweight/day, and to compare outcomes between patients receiving low (< 1 g/kg bodyweight/day), standard (1–1.5 g/kg/day), and high-protein doses (> 1.5 g/kg/day).

Methods
Literature searches were performed on 5th October 2021 in Embase, MEDLINE, and five Cochrane Library and Centre for Reviews and Dissemination databases. Searches were complemented by hand-searching of conference proceedings, a clinical trial registry, and bibliographic reference lists of included studies and relevant SLRs/meta-analyses.

Results
Nineteen publications were included; sixteen investigated standard protein, two reported low protein, and one included both, but none assessed high-protein doses. Only one randomised controlled trial (RCT) was identified; all other studies were observational studies. The only study to compare two protein doses reported significantly greater weight gain in patients receiving 1.15 g/kg/day than those receiving 0.77 g/kg/day.

Conclusion
At present, there is insufficient evidence to determine the optimal protein dosage for malnourished oncology patients receiving HPN. Data from non-HPN studies and critically ill patients indicate that high-protein interventions are associated with increased overall survival and quality of life; further studies are needed to establish whether the same applies in malnourished oncology patients.
Exploring antioxidant potential in two basidiomycetous mushrooms using high-performance thin-layer chromatography–DPPH–videodensitometry
Authors: Krüzselyi Dániel , Ott Péter G. , Móricz Ágnes M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe antioxidant activity of the methanol extracts of fruiting bodies of two basidiomycetous mushroom species (Cyclocybe cylindracea and Leccinum duriusculum) was evaluated by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) combined with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and videodensitometry. The HPTLC separation was achieved on a silica gel layer with acetonitrile–water–acetic acid (75:25:3, V/V). The results were compared with those obtained by the conventional microplate-based DPPH assay. The two methods provided similar results showing that the extract of the C. cylindracea had higher total antioxidant activity than the extract of the L. duriusculum, and the antioxidant activities of both extracts were much weaker than the antioxidant activities of ascorbic acid or gallic acid. Mushroom components in one zone of L. duriusculum extract and three zones of C. cylindracea extract assigned using HPTLC–DPPH–videodensitometry were mainly responsible for the antioxidant activity. Based on a previous study the β-carboline alkaloid C1-S diastereomer of brunnein B in C. cylindracea at hRF 49 contributed to the antioxidant effect the most, which corresponded to 52.0 ± 3.1 ng of ascorbic acid equivalent and 51.7 ± 3.7 ng of gallic acid equivalent.