bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
anti‐Atherogenic Effects of 3,4‐Dihydroxy Hydrocinnamides.
Authors: Lee Sangku , Lee Chul‐Ho , Oh Jung‐Hoon , Kim Eun Eai , Choi Yang‐Kyu , Kim Eun‐Hee , Lee Woo Song , Bok Song‐Hae , Jeong Tae‐Sook 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Pyrazolo[4,3‐d]pyrimidines as New Generation of Cyclin‐Dependent Kinase Inhibitors.
Authors: Moravcova Daniela , Krystof Vladimir , Havlicek Libor , Moravec Jiri , Lenobel Rene , Strnad Miroslav 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polyfunctional Fused Heterocyclic Compounds via Indene‐1,3‐diones.
Authors: Hassaneen Hamdi M. , Abdallah Tayseer A. , Abdelhadi Hyam A. , Hassaneen Huwaida M. E. , Pagni Richard M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Isolation, Characterization and Synthesis of an Insecticidal Tetramethyltetrahydrochromenedione‐spiro‐bicyclo[3.1.1]cycloheptane from Two Species of Myrtaceae.
Authors: Khambay Bhupinder P. S. , Beddie David G. , Hooper Antony M. , Simmonds Monique S. J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Valence Compounds versus Metals. Synthesis, Characterization, and Electronic Structures of Cubic M4Pn3 Phases in the Systems M: Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu; Pn: As, Sb, Bi.
Authors: Li Bin , Mudring Anja‐Verena , Corbett John D. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantioselective Rh‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Vinyl Carboxylates with Monodentate Phosphite Ligands.
Authors: Reetz Manfred T. , Goossen Lukas J. , Meiswinkel Andreas , Paetzold Jens , Jensen Jakob Feldthusen 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Application of Aryl‐Ferrocenyl (Pseudo‐Biarylic) Complexes. Part 4. New Air‐Stable Planar Chiral Ferrocenyl Monophosphine Ligands: Suzuki Cross‐Coupling of Aryl Chlorides and Bromides.
Authors: Jensen Jakob F. , Johannsen Mogens 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Alternative Method for the Synthesis of γ‐Lactones by Using Cesium Fluoride‐Celite/Acetonitrile Combination.
Authors: Khan Khalid Mohammed , Hayat Safdar , Zia‐Ullah Zia‐Ullah , Atta‐ur‐Rahman Atta‐ur‐Rahman , Choudhary M. Iqbal , Maharvi Ghulam Murtaza , Bayer Ernst 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 2‐Acylindole‐3‐acetic Acids: A Novel Base‐Mediated Indole Synthesis.
Authors: Nakao Kazunari , Murata Yoshinori , Koike Hiroki , Uchida Chikara , Kawamura Kiyoshi , Mihara Sachiko , Hayashi Shigeo , Stevens Rodney W. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Reactions of New N‐Bridged Heterocycles Derived from 3‐Substituted‐4,5‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazoles.
Authors: Holla B. Shivarama , Sarojini B. K. , Rao B. Sooryanarayana , Poojary Boja 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Iodotrimethylsilane Induced Diastereoselective Synthesis of Tetrahydropyranones by a Tandem Knoevenagel—Michael Reaction.
Authors: Sabitha Gowravaram , Reddy G. S. Kiran Kumar , Rajkumar M. , Yadav J. S. , Ramakrishna K. V. S. , Kunwar A. C. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Measurement of microtomy induced section distortion and its correction for 3‐dimensional histological reconstructions
Authors: Jones Allan S. , Milthorpe Bruce K. , Howlett C. Rolfe 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe presence of microtomy induced distortion in paraffin sections is a significant hindrance to the accurate alignment of sections for three‐dimensional reconstructive techniques. Measurement of section distortion in various rat tissues demonstrated distortions to be present in all sections, with over 85% of such distortions being manifest as expansions when compared to the original distances between a series of eight drilled fiducial marks. Mean percentage dimensional changes in the direction of the cutting stroke and at right angles to this direction were ‐0.5 ± 1.5% and 3.7 ± 1.2% for liver, 7.6 ± 2.4% and 9.1 ± 1.2% for kidney, 6.6 ± 2.3% and 10.5 ± 1.4% for lung, and 20.3 ± 6.6% and 8.9 ± 5.9% for skeletal muscle. Individual sections invariably displayed measurable distortions, with only skeletal muscle showing any consistent pattern, in the form of “barrel” distortion at right angles to the cutting stroke. In addition a method of distortion correction and simultaneous image alignment is presented as a means of section alignment with full distortion correction capability. This method uses a quadratic polynomial transform in a non‐linear “unwarping” algorithm, to correct for the rotational and translational misalignment as well as for microtomy and camera aspect ratio distortions. Application of this method to a sequence of 46 serial sections demonstrated an alignment accuracy to within 2.6 ± 0.8 pixels. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of a pH sensitive formyl peptide with application to receptor structure and processing kinetics
Authors: Fay Shawn P. , Habbersett Robert , Domalewski Mark D. , Posner Richard G. , Houghton Terri Gilbert , Pierson Ed , Muthukumaraswamy Natesa , Whitaker James , Haugland Richard P. , Freer Richard J. , Sklar Larry A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractEnvironmentally sensitive molecules have many potential cellular applications. We have investigated the utility of a pH sensitive ligand for the formyl peptide receptor, CHO‐Met‐Leu‐Phe‐PheLys (SNAFL)‐OH (SNAFL‐seminaphthofluorescein), because in previous studies (Fay et al.: Biochemistry 30:5066–5075, 1991) protonation has been used to explain the quenching when the fluoresceinated formyl pentapeptide ligand binds to this receptor. Moreover, acidification in intracellular compartments is a general mechanism occurring in cells during processing of ligand‐receptor complexes. Because the protonated form of SNAFL is excited at 488 nm with emission at 530 nm and the unprotonated form is excited at 568 nm with emission at 650 nm, the ratio of protonated and unprotonated forms can be examined by multiparameter flow cytometry. We found that the receptor‐bound ligand is sensitive to both the extracellular and intracellular pH. There is a small increase in the pKa of the ligand upon binding to the receptor consistent with protonation in the binding pocket. Once internalized, spectral changes in the probe consistent with acidification and ligand dissociation from the receptor are observed. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A fast kinetic method for assessing mitochondrial membrane potential in isolated hepatocytes with rhodamine 123 and flow cytometry
Authors: Juan Gloria , Cavazzoni Marika , Sáez Guillermo T. , O'Connor José‐Enrique 
Published: June 2005

AbstractRhodamine 123(Rh123) is widely used as a flow cytometric probe for mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in metabolic, pharmacologic, and toxicological studies. However, the use of relatively high concentrations of Rh123 (up to 10 μg/ml) and prolonged incubation times (up to 1 h), including washing sops, may be inconvenient for certain applications in which labile cells are used or which demand rapid or repeated analysis. In this, paper we describe a rapid kinetic assay of MMP in isolated rat hepatocytes, based upon the quantitation of the initial rate of Rh123 uptake by living cells, selected by their scattering properties. The results indicate that at an appropriate dye‐to‐cell ratio (in our experiments, 50 μg Rh123/ml for 250,000–300,000 cells/ml), the initial rate of Rh123 uptake is a highly reproducible and sensitive parameter for estimation of MMP, as demonstrated by the effects of substrates and inhibitors of the glycolytic pathway and mitochondrial respiration. Because of its simplicity, rapidity (about 5 min) and metabolic implications, this assay would be also suitable for the routine evaluation of metabolic state of cell suspensions, as a complementary test to the standard dualstaining tests of viability. Other possible applications in screening pharmacologic and toxicological analysis are discussed. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Flow cytometric analysis of natural killer cell function as a clinical assay
Authors: Hatam Lynda , Schuval Susan , Bonagura Vincent R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe 51Cr release assay has been the method of choice in analyzing natural killer cell (NK) function. Previous FCM cytotoxicity assays of NK activity have had numerous disadvantages that discouraged clinicians from attempting to evaluate NK function by flow cytometry. We demonstrate the effectiveness of using PKH‐26, a stable membrane dye, to label the K562 target cells and propidium iodide intercalation into killed target cell DNA to determine the percentage of target cells killed by effector NK cells from the peripheral blood or bone marrow. This method compares favorably with the 51Cr release assay and is quicker and easier to perform. The percentage of cytotoxicity of NK cells (CD3−CD56+ and/or CD16+) from 10 normal subjects and 10 HIV‐infected children are reported to demonstrate the feasability of studying NK function in clinical populations by FCM. The potentiation of cytolysis by alpha‐interferon and interleukin 2 in vitro was also compared between these two study groups. In addition, a patient whose leukemic blasts expressed CD56+ was also studied for NK activity using this flow cytometric assay. The benefits of using this flow cytometric approach to clinically assess NK function are discussed. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improved technique for analysis of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tumors by fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: Hyytinen Eija , Visakorpi Tapio , Kallioniemi Anne , Kallioniemi Olli‐P. , Isola Jorma J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and specific DNA probes for pericentromeric repeat regions and unique sequence loci have made it possible to study chromosomal aberrations from interphase tumor nuclei. Large‐scale retrospective studies on the prognostic value of interphase cytogenetics would become feasible if these techniques were readily applicable to nuclei from archival formalin‐fixed tumor tissues. We describe here an improved technique for interphase FISH analysis of tumors that have been extensively fixed in formalin. The protocol aims at improving probe penetration and hybridization efficiency by inducing chromatin decondensation and swelling of the nuclei with a heat treatment in a 90°C glycerol solution prior to hybridization. Using this cell pretreatment, FISH results on the detection of chromosome copy number aberrations and amplification of the c‐erbB‐2 oncogene from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissues were highly concordant with those from fresh tissues. In contrast to previously described methods, separate adjustments of denaturation or proteinase K digestion are not required for each sample. This method facilitates retrospective analyses of large series of tumors and is also useful for applying FISH to routine diagnostic purposes using formalin‐fixed material. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of phase‐contrast and fluorescence digital autofocus for scanning microscopy
Authors: Price Jeffrey H. , Gough David A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractReliable autofocus is required to obtain accurate measurements of fluorescent stained cellular components from a system capable of scanning multiple microscope fields. Autofocus could be performed directly with fluorescence images, but due to photobleaching and destructive fluorescence by‐products, it is best to minimize fluorescence exposure for photosensitive specimens and live cells. This exposure problem could be completely avoided by using phase‐contrast microscopy, implemented through the same optics as fluorescence microscopy. The purpose of this work was to evaluate functions for both phase‐contrast and fluorescence autofocus and determine the suitability of phase‐contrast autofocus for fluorescence microscopy. Eleven autofocus functions were independently evaluated for fluorescence and phase‐contrast microscopy. The most suitable functions were then chosen from these and phase‐contrast and fluorescence autofocus were compared on scans each comprising more than 1,000 microscope fields. Autofocus standard deviation (S.D.) of better than 100 nm was achieved for both phase contrast and fluorescence. There was a measurable difference between the best focus positions in the two modes, but the difference was constant enough to be measured and corrected, suggesting the possibility of using phase contrast to predict best focus in fluorescence microscopy. The scanning experiments also showed that autofocus can be performed at least as fast as 0.25 s/field without loss of precision. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Scoring of radiation‐induced microuclei in cytokinesis‐blocked human lymphocytes by automated image analysis
Authors: Verhaegen F. , Vral A. , Seuntjens J. , Schipper N. W. , de Ridder L. , Thierens H. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes is, at present, frequently used to assess chromosomal damage caused by ionizing radiation or mutagens. Manual scoring of micronuclei (MN) by trained personnel is very time‐consuming, tiring work, and the results depend on subjective interpretation of scoring criteria. More objective scoring can be accomplished only if the test can be automated. Furthermore, an automated system allows scoring of large numbers of cells, thereby increasing the statistical significance for the results. This is of special importance for screening programs for low doses of chromosome‐damaging agents.In this paper, the first results of our effort to automate the micronuleus assay with an image‐analysis system are represented. The method we used is described in detail, and the results are compared to those of other groups. Our system is able to detect 88% of the binucleated lymphocytes on the slides. The procedure consists of a fully automated localization of binucleated cells and counting of the MN within these cells, followed by a simple and fast manual operation in which the false positives are removed. Preliminary measurements for blood samples irradiated with a dose of 1 Gy X‐rays indicate that the automated system can find 89% ± 12% of the micronuclei within the binucleated cells compared to a manual screening. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fluorescein derivatization of fibrinogen for flow cytometric analysis of fibrinogen binding to platelets
Authors: Heilmann Eric , Hynes Laurie A. , Burstein Samuel A. , George James N. , Dale George L. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractDog and human fibrinogen were derivatized with N‐hydroxysuccinimidofluorescein and utilized for flow cytometric estimation of fibrinogen binding to activated platelets. Fluorescein‐fibrinogen binding fulfilled the criteria for specific binding to platelets; the binding was saturable, dependent on agonist activation, and inhibited by unlabeled fibrinogen. In addition, EDTA and barbourin, a KGD‐containing peptide, were found to inhibit the binding of fluorescein‐fibrinogen. Fluorescein‐fibrinogen bound to dog platelets with an apparent affinity of 0.31 μM after stimulation with either adenosine‐5′‐diphosphate (ADP) or plateletactivating factor. The labeled fibrinogen was also used to study the fibrinogen binding capacity of aged, biotinylated platelets. Aged platelets were indistinguishable from young platelets with regard to fibrinogen binding in response to ADP. These studies document that direct derivatization of fibrinogen with fluorescein generates a useful probe for analyzing fibrinogen binding to platelets with flow cytometry. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
OKT4 epitope correlates with renal allograft survival in African Americans
Authors: Bromberg Jonathan S. , Self Sally , Zellers Lydia , Baliga Prabhakar , Rajagopalan P. R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFlow cytometry was used to type the distribution of OKT4 and OKT4A epitopes in a population of African American renal allograft recipients. The prevalence of the OKT4A epitope is more common than previously described and is associated with increased graft survival. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intracellular Na+ measurements using sodium green tetraacetate with flow cytometry
Authors: Amorino George P. , Fox Michael H. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractIntracellular sodium concentration ([Na+]i) can be measured using SBFI with image analysis or spectrofluorometry. However, SBFI cannot be used with most flow cytometry systems, due to its requirement for dual excitation in the UV range. Recently a new sodium indicator, Sodium Green, was developed which can be used with flow cytometry to measure [Na+]i. Adequate staining of cells with Sodium Green is dependent upon both dye and cell concentration, time and temperature of loading, use of the non‐ionic detergent Pluronic, and the cell line used. Both Sodium Green and SBFI give similar calibration curves using the ionophore gramicidin. Sodium Green has a small pH dependence, but this should not affect most applications. Since a fluorescence ratio technique cannot be used with Sodium Green, we used a ratio of dye fluorescence to forward angle light scatter to normalize for cell size variations in the population. The basal [Na+]i obtained using the Sodium Green technique in CHO IS1 cells was 19 mM, in reasonable agreement with previous studies using SBFI in other cells. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pan cycle expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in human colorectal cancer and its proliferative correlations
Authors: Sawtell Rachael M. , Rew David A. , Stradling Robin N. , Wilson George D. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractProliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a key cell cycle regulatory protein of known structure and function that also has an important role in DNA repair. Its use as a marker of proliferation can be assessed directly using a thymidine analogue in suitably labelled pathological material. Following optimisation studies, a quantitative and cell cycle phase—specific analysis of PCNA expression in fresh biopsies from 50 colorectal tumours (Series A) was undertaken using dual parameter flow cytometry (FCM). For comparison, quantitative histometric studies of PCNA expression were undertaken on 50 archival bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) labelled colorectal tumours (Series B). In FCM assays, PCNA‐specific fluorescence was displayed throughout the cell cycle in both cells and nuclei under all preparation conditions, but to a very variable extent. The mean PCNA labelling index ranged from 38.7% to 53.0% according to the method of cell extraction used. In the 27 diploid tumours in Series A, the median PCNA LI in G0/G1 was 71.5% (range 27.0–90.6%), in S it was 10.5% (3.3–29.5%), and in G2/M it was 17.4% (5.7–43.5%). In the histometric studies of Series B tumours, the mean [S.D.] PCNA labelling index (LI) was 38.8 [9.8]%, compared with the BrdUrd (histometric) LI of 21.1 [9.0]%. The BrdUrd LI measured by FCM was 12.4 [6.5]%. PCNA‐PC10 is expressed throughout the cell cycle in human colorectal tumour biopsies, which is in keeping with the range of DNA repair, synthesis, and regulatory functions that it is now recognised to perform throughout the cell cycle. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current and future use of hematopoietic growth factors in cancer medicine
Authors: Mughal Tariq I. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMyelosuppression, in particular neutropenia and anemia are serious complications of malignancy and its treatment. Neutropenia can make patients vulnerable to potentially life‐threatening infection. It often results in dose reductions and delay of planned chemotherapy, which can have a significant detrimental effect on tumour response and survival. Anemia can be associated with a range of debilitating effects, which can severely impair patients' QOL. In addition, there is some evidence recognizing anemia as a poor prognostic indicator, associated with reduced treatment efficacy. Reduction in the duration and severity of neutropenia and anemia is possible by initiation of appropriate growth factors during the first and subsequent cycles of chemotherapy. New and improved growth factor support with agents such as pegfilgrastim and darbepoetin alfa has the potential to improve the management of chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia and anemia further. Thrombopoietin is currently in clinical trials to assess its potential role in the treatment of thrombocytopenia in patients with cancer. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Saline irrigation does not affect bone formation or fixation strength of hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate‐coated implants in a rat model
Authors: De Ranieri A. , Virdi A. S. , Kuroda S. , Healy K. E. , Hallab N. J. , Sumner D. R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractIntramembranous bone regeneration is critical to implant fixation. In cementless joint replacement (as opposed to cemented joint replacement), saline irrigation is not typically performed during surgery so that the osteogenic stimulus provided by the marrow is preserved. Several groups are now using the rat marrow ablation model to study intramembranous bone regeneration and implant fixation. In this model, the marrow contents are mechanically disrupted, and debris is often cleared by saline irrigation, a step that appears inconsistent with the clinical situation. Furthermore, in contrast to conventional wisdom, it has been reported that saline irrigation enhanced bone–implant contact and peri‐implant bone formation in the rat model (Ishizaka et al. Bone 1996;19:589–594), although mechanical fixation of the implant was not investigated. Accordingly, the present study was performed to determine if saline irrigation leads to enhanced mechanical fixation of implants in the rat model. Forty‐eight 400 to 450 g male rats were divided equally into two groups. The treatment group, in contrast to the control group, received saline irrigation in the ablated medullary canal prior to placement of hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate‐coated implants. Eight animals in each group were killed at 2, 4, or 8 weeks after implantation, at which time the specimens were analyzed by micro computed tomography to measure bone formation around the implant, followed by a mechanical pull‐out test to measure the strength of fixation of the implant. As expected, there was increased fixation strength over time, but there were no significant differences in peri‐implant bone volume, bone‐implant contact, or implant fixation strength between the two groups. Thus, we found no effect of saline irrigation on bone formation or implant fixation strength in this study in which the implant had an osteoconductive coating. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005