bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Material recycling in a circular economy—A systems view
Authors: Gheewala Shabbir H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA circular economy is expected to reduce the use of primary resources through the reuse of products, components, and materials. Material recycling, though advantageous in many cases for saving primary resources by diverting them away from the landfill, may have perverse effects when analyzed from a systems perspective considering the entire material life cycle as well as economy‐wide effects of recycling. Using the case of metals, glass, and plastics recycling, the advantages of a systems view including the entire material life cycle in analyzing material recycling are illustrated. The advantages of recycling as compared to virgin production may vary significantly depending of the energy and resource requirements during the recycling process, logistics, and alloying of materials. Expanding the systems view further to analyze the economy‐wide effects of material recycling reveal the possibility of rebound effects which may reduce or even negate its advantages. Sustainable consumption is absolutely essential along with any technological advances to counter the rebound effects that may lead to overshoot. The article demonstrates the importance of considering a systems view incorporating a life cycle perspective and economy‐wide effects in analyzing and trying to maintain the advantages of material recycling.This article is categorized under:
Climate and Environment > Circular Economy
Emerging Technologies > Materials
Climate and Environment > Pollution Prevention
Rethinking Development and Decolonising Development Studies
Authors: Biekart Kees , Camfield Laura , Kothari Uma , Melber Henning 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic, which led to almost seven million deaths (WHO inStatistics on COVID-19, 2022), revealed the world to be even more complex and unequal than previously thought. It brought to the fore the need to rethink the ‘fault lines’ since global inequalities had clearly worsened (Taylor and Tremblay inDecolonising Knowledge for Development in the COVID-19 Era. Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, 2022) as vulnerable people in the Global South suffered most from the consequences of the pandemic.
Decolonising Development Management: Epistemological Shifts and Practical Actions
Authors: Scott Caitlin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe processes and tasks of decolonising development are complex and multifaceted. In relation to this, my comment reflects on how development management might be decolonised and re-imagined. I argue that the increased standardisation of ever more invasive tools and technologies for planning and management in the international aid sector amount to a kind of colonisation by bureaucratisation. The ideas that underpin these enmesh actors and organisations in forms of market coloniality that functions across and through the hierarchies of the aid industry. These institutions and processes are extensions of colonial power relations, predicated upon powerful myths of modernisation, and justifying complex and demanding technocratic processes that conceal the political nature of the sector. I conclude that for the aid sector to move from universalist western frameworks of modernity and science to a pluriverse of practice (Narayanaswamy, 2022) requires a total transformation of purpose and systems, given that the aid sector is itself an expression of colonial regimes.
What Is ‘Development’ and Can We ‘Decolonise’ It? Some Ontological and Epistemological Reflections
Authors: Narayanaswamy Lata 
Published: October 2023

Abstract‘Development’ is at a crossroads, as ‘decolonising’ is the buzzword with which a growing coterie of stakeholders are attempting to grapple, including in Higher Education (HE). In this Epilogue I will briefly consider some of the epistemological challenges of how we ‘know’ development in HE, using these critiques to highlight the ontological tensions of ‘development’ in its discourse and practice. Do we as ‘development’ researchers need to reflect on our role in the persistent ahistoricity, and the resultant artificial North-South binaries, of our discipline? Are ‘development’ researchers part of the problem?
Cultivating Post-development: Pluriversal Transitions and Radical Spaces of Engagement
Authors: Castro-Sotomayor José , Minoia Paola 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe current planetary scale of the problems humanity faces and the increasing sense of urgency in the face of climate havoc offers the opportunity for an epistemological and ontological tour de force that is vital to cultivate alternative civilisational frameworks to replace development-as-modernisation praxes. This chapter presents ways of theorising and practising pluriversal knowledge and agency to cultivate post-development futures. We argue that to cultivate postdevelopment in a world of different colonial histories entangled with imperial modernity, post-development practitioners should depart from culturalist and anthropocentric notions of identity, embrace place-based embodied experiences, and attend to nonhuman voices and agency. First, we present the generative concept and framework of ecocultural identity and elaborate on how this encompassing notion may contribute to pluriversal transitions in environmental governance. Then, we redirect our attention to territory and territoriality as strategic constructions of space that entail spiritual, material, and political dimensions of engagement that are at the core of the praxis of post-development praxis. Third, we reflect on the multiple voices and agencies implicated in the germination of pluriversal worlds and show the challenges and opportunities social and political movements face in advancing alternatives to development. In closing, we suggest entry points and avenues to nourish creative and hopeful political imaginations and invigorate regenerative ethical frames of actions and care.
Assuming Power in New Forms: Learning to Feel ‘With the Other’ in Decolonial Research
Authors: Armijos M. Teresa , Acosta Luis David , Calder Eliza S. , Gaviria William , Giraldo Daniela , Pineda Jaime , Rabe Carolina , Sanaguano Pablo , Zambrano Lina Andrea 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe chapter aims to contribute to the important endeavour of decolonising Disaster Risk Studies, and more broadly, Development Studies, by focusing on the researcher and how they (and therefore the knowledge they produce) change with and through the emotions embedded in the research process (Dauder and Trejo, 2020). Through a series of individual narratives, we explore how the researcher's multiplicity of positionalities are transformed by the research process in its circular relationship with emotions that emerge and, in turn, inform it. In doing so, we recognise the plural forms of knowledge production (Escobar, 2003) that transcend the realm of 'thinking' to acknowledge ethical, emotional and relational commitments in the research process (Cahill 2007b). We argue the this is a step towards both admitting vulnerability and assuming power and knowledge in new forms, while also challenging dualisms often present in Western thinking and their associated hierarchies and hegemonies (Dauder and Trejo 2021; Cahill 2007b).
Introduction to the Book
Authors: Ahokangas Petri , Aagaard Annabeth 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe introductory chapter provides an overview of the purpose and aim of the book, and how it contributes to the ongoing development and discussions of ICT, 5G, and 6G. We also elaborate on who should read the book, and why and how we developed it. We introduce the structure of the book and provide a short presentation of each chapter.
Opportunities and Implications Related to Future Mobile Communications
Authors: Ahokangas Petri , Aagaard Annabeth , Yrjölä Seppo , Matinmikko-Blue Marja , Timmers Paul , Serentschy Georg , Gordon Jillian , Atkova Irina , Hurmelinna-Laukkanen Pia , Arslan Ahmad , Iivari Marika , Gisca Oxana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter discusses the research, managerial, and policymaking-related future opportunities and implications that stem from the discussions presented in the preceding chapters. With a focus on overarching themes that concern everyone, the paper presents research questions to direct future research, advises managers in themes that may become of increasing interest in future 5G and 6G, and summarizes key concerns for policymaking that should be considered to reach a global 6G and beyond world.
Future Scenarios and Anticipated Impacts of 6G
Authors: Yrjölä Seppo , Ahokangas Petri , Matinmikko-Blue Marja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines future scenarios of 6G at different levels of analysis. The chapter starts by identifying and assessing key change political, environmental, social, technological, and legal forces—trends and uncertainties—related to future mobile communications and proposes a set of dimensions according to which we may expect 6G to change the world. Based on the proposed dimension, the chapter presents a set of future scenarios related to mobile connectivity integrated with various services at the user (humans and machines), business (service provisioning and utilization), business ecosystem value chain (upstream and downstream), and geopolitical levels of analysis. The chapter concludes by presenting the future of mobile connectivity and its potential outcomes at the societal level.
Value Creation and Services in Mobile Communications
Authors: Aagaard Annabeth , Ahokangas Petri , Iivari Marika , Atkova Irina , Yrjölä Seppo , Matinmikko-Blue Marja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores the opportunities for value creation via the services enabled by the fifth (5G) and sixth (6G) generation of mobile communications. The chapter starts with a discussion on value creation in general and discusses value creation at service, platform, and ecosystem levels of analysis. We present the 5G and 6G usage cases as starting points and highlight the drivers of value creation and the key services enabled by the mobile communications technology generations. In 5G, the focus is on deployments of public commercial networks, public commercial virtual networks, neutral hosts, private local networks operated by MNOs, private local networks operated by others than MNOs, and public network integrated non-public networks. In 6G, the focus is on new capability usage case candidates that will be represented by immersive communications, connecting intelligence, sensing for sustainability, and connecting the unconnected.
Local 5G/6G Network Business in Europe: Regulatory Analysis and Legitimacy Considerations
Authors: Gisca Oxana , Matinmikko-Blue Marja , Ahokangas Petri , Yrjölä Seppo , Gordon Jillian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLocal 5G/6G mobile communication networks can be deployed by different stakeholders to serve a variety of user groups with different needs. The legal framework influencing local 5G/6G network deployments and operations, the EU Digital Legal Framework, has been recently developed and adopted by the EU, influencing network deployments, and impacting new stakeholders’ ability to become accepted and legitimate members of the mobile ecosystem. This chapter identifies and discusses relevant EU legal acts and presents the EU legal initiatives in the context of local mobile communication networks. It reviews previous research from the legitimacy challenge perspective and adds to a better understanding of how regulation currently delimits the emerging business models of the local 5G/6G networks. The chapter concludes by discussing the implications of the analysis for regulators and firms deploying local 5G/6G networks.
The General Theory of Superoscillations and Supershifts in Several Variables
Authors: Colombo F. , Pinton S. , Sabadini I. , Struppa D. C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper we describe a general method to generate superoscillatory functions of several variables starting from a superoscillating sequence of one variable. Our results are based on the study of suitable infinite order differential operators acting on holomorphic functions with growth conditions of exponential type. Additional constraints are required when dealing with infinite order differential operators whose symbol is a function that is holomorphic in some open set, but not necessarily entire. The results proved for superoscillating sequences in several variables are extended to sequences of supershifts in several variables.
Introgression of the bread wheat D genome encoded Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Ltn1 adult plant resistance gene into Triticum turgidum (durum wheat)
Authors: Li Hongyu , Zhang Peng , Luo Ming , Hoque Mohammad , Chakraborty Soma , Brooks Brenton , Li Jianbo , Singh Smriti , Forest Kerrie , Binney Allan , Zhang Lianquan , Mather Diane , Ayliffe Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Key Message
Lack of function of a D-genome adult plant resistance gene upon introgression into durum wheat.

Abstract
The wheat Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Ltn1 adult plant resistance gene (Lr34), located on chromosome arm 7DS, provides broad spectrum, partial, adult plant resistance to leaf rust, stripe rust, stem rust and powdery mildew. It has been used extensively in hexaploid bread wheat (AABBDD) and conferred durable resistance for many decades. These same diseases also occur on cultivated tetraploid durum wheat and emmer wheat but transfer of D genome sequences to those subspecies is restricted due to very limited intergenomic recombination. Herein we have introgressed the Lr34 gene into chromosome 7A of durum wheat. Durum chromosome substitution line Langdon 7D(7A) was crossed to Cappelli ph1c, a mutant derivative of durum cultivar Cappelli homozygous for a deletion of the chromosome pairing locus Ph1. Screening of BC1F2 plants and their progeny by KASP and PCR markers, 90 K SNP genotyping and cytology identified 7A chromosomes containing small chromosome 7D fragments encoding Lr34. However, in contrast to previous transgenesis experiments in durum wheat, resistance to wheat stripe rust was not observed in either Cappelli/Langdon 7D(7A) or Bansi durum plants carrying this Lr34 encoding segment due to low levels of Lr34 gene expression. Key message
Arthroscopic all‐inside ligament repair has similar or superior clinical outcomes compared to open repair for chronic ankle instability without concomitant intra‐articular pathology at 5 years follow‐up
Authors: Guelfi Matteo , Baalbaki Rayan , Malagelada Francesc , Dalmau‐Pastor Miki , Vega Jordi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeOpen ligament repair is widely considered the gold standard treatment for chronic ankle instability. Nevertheless, arthroscopic treatment of ankle instability has gained popularity becoming the preferred technique for many surgeons. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of all‐inside arthroscopic versus open lateral ligament repair for chronic ankle instability at 5 years follow‐up.MethodsNinety consecutive patients were surgically treated for chronic ankle instability without concomitant intra‐articular pathology observed on MRI: 41 patients [median age 28 (range 15–54) years] underwent an open lateral ligament repair (OLR); 49 patients [median age 30 (range 19–47) years] underwent an all‐inside arthroscopic ligament repair (ALR). Functional outcomes using the Foot Functional Index (FFI), the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Hindfoot Score, and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure‐Sports Subscale (FAAM‐SS) were assessed preoperatively and at the latest follow‐up. At the latest follow‐up, the satisfaction rate and complications were also recorded.ResultsThe mean follow‐up was 58 ± 17.6 (range 47–81) months. In both groups FFI, AOFAS and FAAM‐SS score significantly improved compared to preoperative values (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative outcomes between groups in the AOFAS (n.s) and FAAM‐SS (n.s), but the FFI results were significantly better in the ALR group (p < 0.05). No major complications were reported in either group.ConclusionOpen and arthroscopic ligament repair to treat chronic ankle instability without concomitant intra‐articular pathology produced excellent comparable clinical outcomes at 5 years follow‐up. The complications were minimal in both study groups with no significant differences in AOFAS and FAAM‐SS scores. However, arthroscopic repair showed significantly better results on the FFI. Therefore, when treating chronic lateral ankle instability, surgeons should consider arthroscopic ligament repair.Level of evidenceIII.
Selective ionization of oxidized lipid species using different solvent additives in flow injection mass spectrometry
Authors: Lazaridi Eleni , Hennebelle Marie , Hollebrands Boudewijn , Hageman Jos , Vincken Jean-Paul , Janssen Hans-Gerd 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLipid oxidation in food products is a crucial problem that causes undesirable changes in the food’s flavor, texture, and nutritional value. It should be carefully monitored as it can lead to the formation of potentially toxic compounds and in that way reduce the shelf life of the product. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry is a powerful tool to monitor the formation of oxidized lipids. However, the presence of lipid species in both their non-oxidized and oxidized forms at distinctly different concentrations can hinder the detection and identification of the less abundant oxidized species, due to coelution. In this study, a flow injection mass spectrometry approach was used to selectively ionize oxidized triacylglycerols versus their non-oxidized precursors. Three mobile phase additives were investigated (ammonium formate, sodium acetate, and sodium iodide) at three different concentrations, and ion source settings (i.e., sheath gas temperature, capillary voltage, and nozzle voltage) were optimized. A fractional factorial design was conducted to examine not only the direct effect of the operating parameters on the selectivity of ionization for the oxidized lipid species, but also to assess their combined effect. Overall, selective ionization of oxidized versus non-oxidized lipid species was favored by the use of sodium-containing solvent additives. The application of specific ion source settings resulted in an increased ionization selectivity, with sheath gas temperature and capillary voltage having the most significant influence. A selectivity factor as high as 120 could be reached by combining 0.1 mg/mL sodium-containing additives, with 250 °C sheath gas temperature and 5000 V capillary voltage. These findings will contribute to future studies on fast detection and relative quantification of low abundant oxidized triacylglycerols and their possible impact on human health.
Graphical abstract
Bis-indole-derived NR4A1 antagonists inhibit colon tumor and splenic growth and T-cell exhaustion
Authors: Mohankumar Kumaravel , Wright Gus , Kumaravel Subhashree , Shrestha Rupesh , Zhang Lei , Abdelrahim Maen , Chapkin Robert S. , Safe Stephen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere is evidence that the orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1, Nur77) is overexpressed in exhausted CD8 + T cells and regulates PD-L1 in tumors. This study investigated the effects of potent bis-indole-derived NR4A1 antagonists on reversing T-cell exhaustion and downregulating PD-L1 in colon tumors/cells. NR4A1 antagonists inhibited colon tumor growth and downregulated expression of PD-L1 in mouse colon MC-38-derived tumors and cells. TILs from MC-38 cell-derived colon tumors and splenic lymphocytes exhibited high levels of the T-cell exhaustion markers including PD-1, 2B4, TIM3+ and TIGIT and similar results were observed in the spleen, and these were inhibited by NR4A1 antagonists. In addition, treatment with NR4A1 antagonists induced cytokine activation markers interferon γ, granzyme B and perforin mRNAs and decreased TOX, TOX2 and NFAT in TIL-derived CD8 + T cells. Thus, NR4A1 antagonists decrease NR4A1-dependent pro-oncogenic activity and PD-L1 expression in colon tumors and inhibit NR4A1-dependent T-cell exhaustion in TILs and spleen and represent a novel class of mechanism-based drugs that enhance immune surveillance in tumors.
Microbiome composition and central serotonergic activity in patients with depression and type 1 diabetes
Authors: Flasbeck Vera , Hirsch Julia , Petrak Frank , Meier Juris J. , Herpertz Stephan , Gatermann Sören , Juckel Georg 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe role of gut–brain axis functioning gains growing attention in research on the pathophysiology of major depressive disorders. Here, especially consequences of altered microbiota composition on tryptophan metabolism resulting in altered serotonergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS) have reached a central position. Previous research, however, mainly focused on either microbiota and peripheral serotonin levels or central serotonergic neurotransmission. The present study aimed to combine the analysis of microbiota composition and central serotonergic activity using a valid neurophysiological indicator. We recruited 19 adult patients with type 1 diabetes and depression (D + D; 7 males), 19 patients with type 1 diabetes (D-; 7 male), and 20 healthy participants (HC; 7 males). Next to the analysis of fecal microbiota regarding α- and β-diversity, the loudness dependence of auditory evoked potential (LDAEP) was investigated, a non-invasive measurement of central serotonergic activity. High α-diversity was associated with high LDAEP, i.e., low serotonergic activity, in patients with diabetes and additional depression. Furthermore, relative abundances of bacterial families belonging to Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were shown to have an impact on central serotonergic activity. This finding was supported by a tendency indicating an association of central serotonergic activity with the Bacteroidetes–Firmicutes ratio in both patients’ groups. Together, this data suggests that the guts’ microbiota composition might play an important role in regulating the central serotonergic activity in the brain.
Decoding the nanoscale porosity in serpentinites from multidimensional electron microscopy and discrete element modelling
Authors: Chogani Alireza , Plümper Oliver 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSerpentinites, widespread in Earth's lithosphere, exhibit inherent nanoporosity that may significantly impact their geochemical behaviour. This study provides a comprehensive investigation into the characteristics, scale dependence, and potential implications of nanoporosity in lizardite-dominated serpentinites. Through a combination of multidimensional imaging techniques and molecular-dynamics-based discrete element modelling, we reveal that serpentinites function as nanoporous media with pore sizes predominantly less than 100 nm. Crystallographic relationships between olivine, serpentine, and nanoporosity are explored, indicating a lack of significant correlations. Instead, stochastic growth and random packing of serpentine grains within mesh cores may result in interconnected porosity. The analysis of pore morphology suggests that the irregular pore shapes align with the crystal form of serpentine minerals. Furthermore, the nanoporosity within brucite-rich layers at the serpentine-olivine interface is attributed to delamination along weak van der Waals planes, while pore formation within larger brucite domains likely results from low-temperature alteration processes. The fractal nature of the pore size distribution and the potential interconnectivity of porosity across different scales further support the presence of a pervasive nanoporous network within serpentinites. Confinement within these nanopores may introduce unique emergent properties, potentially influencing fluid transport, mineral solubility, and chemical reactions. As such, these processes may have profound implications for the geochemical evolution of serpentinites.