bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ellington in Down Beat: On Swing and Its Critics (1939)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the first, “Duke Says Swing Is Stagnant” (February), Ellington charts the growth of jazz and its “striving toward legitimate acceptance, in proportion to its own mer its.” He begins by stating that “swing,” as an offshoot of jazz, has been productive in raising the level of musicianship in bands and improving the public’s taste. Then abruptly he pro ceeds to criticize the commercialization that swing has introduced, claiming that the respon sibility for change lies with critics. Toward the end he discusses his own orchestra, taking care to separate out its repertory from familiar musical categories: “We are not interested primarily in the playing of jazz or swing music, but in producing musically a genuine contri bution from our race.”
The Parting of Ellington and Irving Mills (1939)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Yesterday, Thursday, Duke Ellington and his Band passed through London on their way home to New York. Off the S.S. “Britannia,” they arrived early in the morning at Tilbury and left Waterloo at 4.30 in the afternoon to board the “Ile de France” at Southampton, thereby concluding a European barn-storming tour which has taken in towns never before visited by a first-class band.
Wilder Hobson on Ellington, from Jazzmen (1939)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One contributor, Wilder Hobson, documented the rise of hot jazz in New York, discuss ing Ellington’s orchestra as one of three important big bands to emerge there in the twenties (together with those of Fletcher Henderson and Luis Russell). Rex Stewart, trombonist Lawrence Brown, and clarinetist Barney Bigard. Also, this is certainly the most striking ensemble in jazz, with a brilliance, finish and ease resulting from long collaboration. Finally, I don’t know of any jazz orchestrator as musically fertile as Ellington. His ideas may seldom get sustained development, may often be loosely strung together and over-rich for the thematic material which is carrying them. But in an Ellington performance it is a rare three minutes in which something of orchestral fascination doesn’t occur.
Previews of the First Carnegie Hall Concert (1943) Helen Oakley (Dance) in Down Beat Howard Taubman in the New York Times Magazine
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On the 23rd of January, 1943, Duke Ellington is contracted to appear on the stage of New York’s Carnegie Hall to perform an initial American concert presentation of his own works. The occasion will mark the first public per formance of the long attended, widely discussed Tone Parallel, the latest and to date most significant work yet delivered from the pen of the famed negro composer.
Ellington: “Certainly It’s Music!” (1944)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Whoever started the rumor the music of Duke Ellington bears some resem blances to the compositions of such masters as Bach, Ravel and Stravinsky always puzzles me. Even though I appreciate the compliment, no amount of self-examination seems to bear out the contention. Having been asked to base this article on the relationship between my own work and that of the classical composers, I find it necessary to make a few perhaps dangerous comparisons. Since I am not running for public office, however, I shall content myself with praising my “loyal opposition” and leaving such matters as musical evalua tions to my readers.
Alec Wilder on Ellington (1948)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Twenty years is a long time in the career of any man, especially a career involving so fluctuating a field as popular music. It is all of twenty years since I first heard the music of Duke Ellington, and it has been, for most of that time, so much a source of delight to me that I’ve never consciously criticized it. I only listened and was pleased. From the Cotton Club days down through all the recordings, I’ve listened and been happy or sad, according to the Duke and his moods.
An African View of Ellington (1955)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To cure [Fara’s] depression, a group of friends decided to offer him some distraction. So it was that they took him one evening to the Salle Pleyel where Duke Ellington was presenting a gala program of American Negro music. They reached the concert hall at about nine p.m. To get good seats they had paid dearly, despite their meager scholarship stipends. Fara looked around with the eyes of one from another world. Jacqueline’s death, changing the normal course of his life, was also changing his perceptions. Huge white silk curtains hid the stage. In the hall he could see Frenchmen, foreigners, and among the latter, many Anglo-Saxons.
Selections from the Jazz Review (1959)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Much has already been written about how the Ellington orchestra reflects the styles of the men within the band; how at an Ellington rehearsal the composition and orchestration occur simultaneously; how an arrangement usually doesn’t get written into the Ellington book until a certain amount of experimentation has taken place before live audiences; how Duke builds his arrangements around the strengths and weaknesses of his orchestra members; and how the force of his own personality seems to bring out the best in each single man yet moulds him to advantage into the orchestral whole. These factors contribute to the intangibles that defy the printed word or note.
Pete Welding: “On the Road with the Duke Ellington Orchestra” (1962)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Breakfast in the early afternoon, a long ride to the night’s engagement, meals bolted, a wearying ride back to the drab Chicago hotel where the band was staying. A rough way of life. As the strangeness of the situation wore off, I was able to observe the men in the band with a new awareness. I saw that every one of them is a strong personality, an individualist fiercely determined to preserve his own identity.
Ellington with Stanley Dance: “The Art is in the Cooking” (1962)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Duke Ellington’s frequently expressed impatience with categorization in jazz is jus tified, or made understandable, by both his band and music. Neither belongs under any of the flags of convenience flown on the angry seas of criticism. Dixieland, traditional, Chicago style, hot, swing, Kansas City, bop, progressive, modern, cool, it, so that when we did play loud it would seem as though we were playing louder than we actually were.
Dan Morgenstern on The Ellington Era (1963)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For many years jazz had to fight an uphill battle for official recognition as a bona-fide “art form.” In light of the current state of affairs in the jazz world, this recognition might well appear to some observers as a mixed blessing indeed. It has largely removed jazz from its original context-the functionality of entertainment and dance music-and has placed this music and its creators adrift in the aesthetic, philosophic, semantic and economic miasms which constitute the contemporary environment of art and “art appreciation.”
Rex Stewart at a Recording Session for the First Sacred Concert (1966)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is many years now [1945) since I was a member of the Duke Ellington band, but I still retain strong sentimental ties and old friendships with the group. So, when I heard that the band was scheduled to record here in Los Angeles one evening recently, I arrived a few minutes before starting time just as the bus disgorged the men. Strangely enough and very different from when I was a member, they began right on schedule.
Gary Giddins on the Afro-Eurasian Eclipse (1976)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The posthumous works of no major contemporary artist have inspired greater interest than Duke Ellington’s, except perhaps for Hemingway’s. The ‘60s saw a stunning rejuvenation in Ellington the composer and the result was both a series of sacred concerts and the far more ecumenical suites based on geo graphical motifs. Three of the most ambitious and successful works issued on record during the last decade of his life were “The Far East Suite,” “Ad Lib on Nippon,” and “The Latin American Suite.” But there were other suites and extended works that have never appeared on record. Moreover, there were rumors of major pieces which Ellington committed to tape but never or rarely performed. It isn’t generally known what was preserved and what wasn’t. In the past, he had neglected to get studio time for “The Deep South Suite” and, more incredibly, the complete “Black, Brown and Beige,” so how can we be sure we’ll ever hear “Timon of Athens,” “Murder in the Cathedral,” or “The Goutelas Suite?”
Stanley Dance: “The Funeral Address” (1974)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It was a single honour for an Englishman (and a contributor to this magazine from its first issue) to be called upon to deliver the eulogy to Duke Ellington in New York’s Cathedral Church of St. John the Divine, which is nearly as big as St. Peter’s. That was what happened to Stanley Dance on May 27th, 1974, when Duke Elling ton’s funeral service took place.
Max Harrison: “Some Reflections on Ellington’s Longer Works” (1964; revised 1991)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the following essay, the English critic Max Harrison explores Ellington’s various solu tions to the problem of writing longer works, focusing on three pieces from the thirties Creole Rhapsody, Reminiscing in Tempo, Diminuendo and Crescendo in Blue-and viewing them as formal models that Ellington retooled (or abandoned) later in his career. Particularly valuable are Harrison’s efforts to treat the subject within the broader context of jazz history and, beyond that, in relation to European art music.
Ralph Ellison: “Homage to Duke Ellington on His Birthday” (1969)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Special ceremony marking Ellington’s seventieth birthday was held at the White House on 29 April 1969. Many musicians and dignitaries attended, and Ellington later described the event with delight, recalling how President Nixon had played“Happy Birthday” and Willie “The Lion” Smith had performed wearing his trademark derby.’ Two days earlier, the distinguished writer Ralph Ellison had offered the following tribute to Ellington in the Washington Star. Interweaving personal reflections with a probing analysis.
Billy Strayhorn Interviewed by Bill Coss (1962)
Authors: Tucker Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For nearly everyone interested in jazz, the names Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn are, if not synonymous, at least inextricably connected. But the connection is not as close, though it is unique, as might be assumed. This is no parallel of Damon and Pythias, though the loyalty of one to the other is strong. Nor is this an example of Abbott and Costello, with only one straight man, or Edgar Bergen and Charlie McCarthy.
Abraham Lincoln and the Second American Revolution
Authors: Mcpherson James M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The foremost Lincoln scholar of a generation ago, James G. Randall, considered the sixteenth president to be a conservative on the great issues facing the country, Union and slavery. If conservatism, wrote Randall, meant “caution, prudent adherence to tested values, avoidance of rashness, and reliance upon unhurried, peaceable evolution, [then] Lincoln was a conservative.
English Aristocratic Women, 1450–1550: Marriage and Family, Property and Careers
Authors: Harris Barbara J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
English Aristocratic Women combines a collective portrait of aristocratic women with an analysis of the particular, class-specific form of patriarchy and gender relations that flourished among the upper classes in Yorkist and early Tudor England. The first book on the subject based on extensive archival research, it examines the apparent contradiction between the patriarchal institutions that shaped women’s lives and the wide range of their activities, control of resources, and power over themselves and members of their families. It demonstrates that the roles of aristocratic wives, mothers, and wideows constituted careers for women that had as much public and political significance and were as crucial for the survival and prosperity of their families and class as the careers of their husbands. They managed their families’ property and households; arranged the marriages and careers of their children; created, sustained, and exploited the client-patron relationships that were an essential element in politics at the regional and national levels and in the power of individual families; and, finally, managed the transmission and distribution of property from one generation to another, since most wives outlive their husbands. For women from the inner circle of court families, careers at court expanded and supported these roles. As in all careers, aristocratic women gained prestige, authority, power, and financial rewards for their activities. Recognising the full significance of aristocratic women’s careers revises our understanding of Yorkist and early Tudor politics. In addition, the centrality of their roles means that reconstructing their activities creates a vivid picture of every aspect of aristocratic domestic, familial, economic, and political life.
“Your Body Belongs to You”
Authors: Grossmann Atina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On New Year’s Eve,1930, in Rome, Pope Pius XI issued an encyclical denouncing birth control and abortion. A clear attack on the “new woman” and the “new” smaller family of the 1920s, Casti Connu.bii (On Christian Marriage) insisted on women’s subordinate position within the family and condemned non-procreative sex and the false freedom of female emancipation. The pope reminded states of their obligation to protect the weak and unborn, and specifically warned against the “pernicious practice” of eugenics.
Forbidden Love
Authors: Grossmann Atina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The abortion campaign wound down as the Weimar Republic lurched toward its chaotic final year. Weakened by spiraling unemployment and the bitter divisions between Communists and Social Democrats, the working-class movement with which sex reform was so tightly linked fragmented further, even as some urban neighborhoods settled into a state of virtual civil war between Nazis and Communists. The social welfare institutions, which were the focus of so much sex reform effort and ire, unraveled while trying to cope with mounting social and economic tensions.
Consolidation and Expansion of the Dominion: The Sheppard-Towner Maternity and Infancy Act, 1918-1924
Authors: Muncy Robyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Only a few months after the United States officially entered World War I, a newspaper in New York reported on Julia Lathrop’ s leadership at the Children’ s Bureau. “Out through the south and west;’ the article began, “her army of trained women is moving on the households of the poor, attacking the city and village that does riot insure its babies pure milk “ The report continued: “Miss Lathrop has a brigade of home education workers in the field. Armed with working models of outdoor cribs, fireless cookers and iceless ice boxes, they are invading homes having babies, teaching mothers to make and use these baby-saving devices’.
The Voices That Are Gone
Authors: Pinson Jon W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this unique and readable study, Jon Finson views the mores and values of nineteenth-century Americans as they appear in their popular songs. The author sets forth lyricists’ and composers’ notions of courtship, technology, death, African Americans, Native Americans, and European ethnicity by grouping songs topically. He goes on to explore the interaction between musical style and lyrics within each topic. The lyrics and changing musical styles present a vivid portrait of nineteenth-century America. The composers discussed in the book range from Henry Russell (“Woodman, Spare That Tree”), Stephen Foster (“Oh! Susanna”), and Dan Emmett (“I Wish I Was in Dixie’s Land”), to George M. Cohan and Maude Nugent (“Sweet Rosie O’Grady”), and Gussie Lord Davis (“In the Baggage Coach Ahead”). Readers will recognize songs like “Pop Goes the Weasel,” “The Yellow Rose of Texas,” “The Fountain in the Park,” “After the Ball,” “A Bicycle Built for Two,” and many others which gain significance by being placed in the larger context of American history.
The Henrician Schism
Authors: Solt Leo F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Despite the efforts of Rome to set up a papal hierocracy in England during the early middle ages, the Crown had gained a great deal of control over the English Church during the later middle ages. Evidence of that control is abundant by the beginning of the sixteenth century. For example, nominees of the king filled the bishoprics and minor benefices most of the time. Moreover, very few appeals could go from English courts to the papal curia without the king’s permission. But in one important area Henry VIII did not control the Church: appeals to Rome in matrimonial cases. When Henry decided to divorce Catherine of Aragon and to wed Anne Boleyn, he and his ministers formulated a theory of royal supremacy based upon an “imperial” concept of immunity from all papal control.
Nurturance or Negligence: Maternal Psychology and Behavioral Preference Among Preterm Twins
Authors: Mann Janet 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In my study of these high-risk preterm infants, I was often struck by the extraordinary efforts some mothers made to care for, stimulate, and love their infants. In contrast, many social scientists (myself included) have also often observed parental neglect, abuse, or infanticide directed toward premature or high-risk infants. The enormous individual variation in parental care under such adverse perinatal conditions is intriguing. While some social scientists have linked infant prematurity to child maltreatment (e.g., Burgess & Conger, 1978; Burgess & Garbarino, 1983; Friedrich & Boriskin, 1976), others have emphasized the increased or even excessive stimulation and nurturance that mothers of premature infants provide (e.g., Field, 1977; Goldberg & Divitto, 1983).
Environmental Preference in a Knowledge Seeking, Knowledge-Using Organism
Authors: Kaplan Stephen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If an individual from outer space were to hire a consultant in order to learn about what sort of creatures these earthlings be, the particular scholarly expertise of the consultant could have a substantial effect on the nature of the report. Given the current configuration of academic disciplines, it is not hard to imagine that a consultant affiliated with one group of scholars might emphasize such themes as sexuality, warfare, and deception. Alternatively it would not be surprising to find a consultant who would place primary emphasis on humans as processors of information, as builders of knowledge structures. Such a scholar might emphasize themes such as attention, memory, and limited processing capacity.
The Evolution of Psychodynamic Mechanisms
Authors: Nesse Randolph M , Lloyd alan T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As cognitive psychologists ask more about the origins and functions of mental mechanisms, they turn to evolutionary theory (Boden, 1987; Buss, 1984; Cosmides & Tooby, 1987; Tooby, 1985). As evolutionists ask more about the mental mechanisms shaped by natural selection, they turn to cognitive psychology (Barkow, 1984; Craw ford, Smith, & Krebs, 1987; Symons, 1987, 1989). This converging focus on human information-processing mechanisms may give new significance to psychodynamics. Cognitive and evolutionary psychologists may find in psychodynamics careful descriptions of traits that may closely match the functional subunits of the mind that they are seeking. Psychodynamic psychologists and psychiatrists may find in evolutionary psychology new possibilities for a theoretical foundation in biology.
Interchangeability of Punishments in Practice
Authors: Morris Norval , Tonry Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
These are the best of times and the worst of times for intermediate punishments. Prison crowding and fiscal concerns have forced attention on the development of punishments that do not require provision of more prison beds. Across the country, many jurisdictions are responding by creating sentencing programs aimed at preventing or reducing crowding by keeping newly convicted criminals out and by releasing previously sentenced prisoners. From the perspective of institution-building, narrowly conceived, these are good times for intermediate punishments.
A German Amsterdam
Authors: Lindemann Mary 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hamburg in the eighteenth century witnessed a period of political quiescence and economic ferment. In the hundred years after 1715, Hamburg experienced alternating waves of great prosperity and deep depression as the city groped for its place in an immature and still highly unstable world economy. Underneath the surface of civil peace ran forces of economic change that transformed the urban environment, ruptured older social bonds, and, in the next century, upended the traditional political balance. By the 1770s, Hamburg had become a principal trade entrecote in northern Europe, engaging in extensive overseas commerce on a scale unimagined fifty years earlier.
The Injury Fact Book
Authors: Baker Susan P , O’Neill Brian , Ginsburg Marvin J , Li Guohua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This is a comprehensive but concise reference that documents the nature and importance of the injury problem in the United States. For each of more than sixty causes of injury, data are presented by age, race, sex, geographic area, urban/rural residence, and per capita income. This second edition includes new chapters on injuries related to sports, work, aviation, and large trucks. Also new are many analyses subdivided by four racial groups as well as age and sex, made possible by the use of mortality data from a seven year period. The updated analyses of time trends throughout the book document major reductions in death rates over the past decade. As a statistical compilation, the book offers users a quick reference to valuable detail, much of which would otherwise be inaccessible. It also discusses reasons for many of the extreme differences among groups of people in injury death rates and describes promising avenues to prevention. This accessible, readable reference will be valuable to public health personnel, physicians, epidemiologists, safety planners and policy makers.
Fires, Burns, and Lightning
Authors: Baker Susan P , O’Neill Brian , Ginsburg Marvin J , Li Guohua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Burns and fires are surpassed only by motor vehicle crashes, falls and drownings as a cause of unintentional injury death. In recent years, they have caused about 5,000 deaths annually. This figure does not include deaths related to arson or suspicious circumstances, estimated at about 300 annually, and about 150 burn deaths of suicidal intent (Table 12-1). Deaths associated with postcrash fires are counted among deaths from motor vehicle and airplane crashes.