bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indirect and direct interactions between grain aphid and parasitoid in the presence of symbiont Regiella insecticola
Authors: Man Yue , Li Delu , Wang Minghui , Hu Zuqing , Gatti Jean-Luc , Desneux Nicolas , Han Peng , Luo Chen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Aphids often harbor bacterial symbionts that confer resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Previous studies have primarily examined the direct effects of symbiont infection on parasitoid success but less on aphid population dynamics under indirect parasitic situations, for example when exposed to parasitoid wasp odor. Deciphering this type of indirect effect is essential for understanding dynamics of insect ecosystems and communities and to improve IPM success.

Methods
We generated Sitobion avenae aphid clonal lines that are genetically identical but differ in Regiella insecticola infection. Then, the indirect odor effect of female parasitoid wasp Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmaed), one of its major natural enemies in the fields, was examined on the aphid lines fitness using different parasitoid densities. With these lines we also tested the direct effect of symbiont presence on aphid resistance against different parasitoid densities.

Results
Our study found fitness costs for the aphid line hosting Regiella, mainly via an increase in the development time and a reduction in population increase rate. Some of these fitness traits were influenced by the indirect exposure to parasitoid wasp odor with a density effect. Presence of the symbiont also reduced A. gifuensis parasitic success, increased the wasp development time and decreased its emergence weight with low effect of the parasitoid density used for parasitism.

Conclusions
These results showed that aphid population dynamic was mainly affected by the symbiont presence, but not by parasitoid odor. Symbiont presence also protected aphid from parasitism and affected parasitoid offspring weight and hence their future individual fertility and fitness.
Effect of aggregate gradation on the mechanical strengths and permeability properties of porous concrete
Authors: Nataraja M. C. , Srinivasamurthy Lakshmikanth , Das Vivek R. , Vineeth L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPorous concrete (PC) is a very popular construction material in developed countries and is now finding application in India in parking lots. In this investigation, an effort was made to study the various performances of PC in the laboratory. Different gradations of coarse aggregates namely 4.75–10 mm, 10–12.5 mm, and 12.5–16 mm are considered to characterize PC adopting conventional compaction by tamping rod, additional 5 and 10 compactions by proctor hammer. The effect of varying compaction and the coarse aggregate gradation is studied on axial compressive, flexural tensile, and splitting tensile strengths of PC. In addition, a simple method is proposed to determine the permeability of all PC mixes. The work was extended to know the influence of low-grade fly ash and GGBS as supplementary cementing materials (SCMs) on the strengths and permeability of PC. Though the strength of PC in the presence of SCMs has decreased, the permeability and the estimated porosity of all mixes decreased compared to the 100% cement counterpart. A wide range of PCs were developed to suit several combinations of mechanical strength, density, and permeability depending on the type of application leading to a sustainable solution. The simple test method proposed to determine the permeability of the PC gives satisfactory results.
A Journey of Diagnosing a Case of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Pembrolizumab-Induced Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Tang Michael , Nakapakorn Chanyanuch , Meng Shumei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Autoimmune diabetes mellitus (DM) due to pembrolizumab is a rare but reported complication of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). It is often missed for a long initial period, leading to unnecessary admissions and poor glucose management. We report a case of a 72-year-old woman with prior history of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and current diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung, who upon presentation at the emergency department with symptoms of encephalopathy, was diagnosed as having sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i)–induced diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Upon further investigation, we learned that this patient had multiple hospitalizations for recurrent DKA over 2 years after being managed on metformin and SGLT-2i. Biochemical testing helped confirm pembrolizumab-induced autoimmune diabetes with significantly elevated glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) autoantibodies and an undetectable C-peptide level. The patient has had clinical improvement with insulin therapy without further DKA episodes. She continued to be managed by outpatient endocrinology with improved glucose control. Altogether, this case demonstrates the importance of keeping a high vigilance for possible new onset of autoimmune endocrine diseases, such as diabetes, in patients treated with ICIs, to enable earlier diagnosis and prompt initiation of correct therapy.
Nothing Great Comes Without Its Risks: A Rare Case of Pembrolizumab-Induced Hypophysitis
Authors: Fernando Ashen , Mittal Aastha , Cheema Rashid 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pembrolizumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor that targets the programmed cell death protein 1 and enhances immune activity against cancer cells. This has emerged as a powerful tool in the treatment of cancer in patients with severe metastatic disease. Despite this, immune checkpoint inhibitors are associated with many immune-related adverse effects. Reported endocrinopathies include thyroid dysfunction, insulin-deficient diabetes mellitus, primary adrenal insufficiency, and hypophysitis. Hypophysitis is more commonly associated with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen 4 inhibitors like ipilimumab and rarely with pembrolizumab. A high clinical suspicion is needed to pursue a diagnosis of immune checkpoint inhibitorinduced hypophysitis, and prompt diagnosis is of immense importance due to the potentially life-threatening nature of endocrinopathies. We present a case of a 64-year-old Caucasian male individual undergoing treatment with pembrolizumab for undifferentiated lung carcinoma who subsequently developed hypophysitis.
Artri King-induced Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis Disruption: A Report of 3 Cases
Authors: Berg Elyssa Ann , Dao Lisa , Yu Run , Hurtado Carolina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present a case series of 3 patients who developed iatrogenic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis disruption while taking Artri King, an over-the-counter supplement marketed for joint pain that is reported to contain dexamethasone not listed on the supplement's label. Patient 1, a 58-year-old woman, presented with persistent hyponatremia, weight gain, proximal muscle weakness, dorsocervical fat pad, and new, red striae on her breast and abdomen in the setting of Artri King use. Her dexamethasone level was elevated (Table 1), confirming the suspicion of dexamethasone content in this supplement. Patient 2, a 55-year old woman, had presented with cushingoid features and a low morning cortisol level (Table 1) in the setting of Artri King use. Patient 3, a 59-year-old man, presented with poorly controlled diabetes in the setting of Artri King use and an elevated serum dexamethasone level. Supplements containing hidden glucocorticoids can cause not only iatrogenic Cushing syndrome, but also adrenal suppression, providing a diagnostic challenge for providers.
Imeglimin Improved Plasma Glucose Levels in Patients With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults: Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Okada Shuichi , Okada Kazuya , Okada Junichi , Yamada Eijiro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Imeglimin has not been well studied as an oral agent for the treatment of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). We treated 2 cases of LADA with imeglimin. The case 1 patient was originally diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at age 50 years and was treated with sulfonylurea, biguanide, canagliflozin, imeglimin, and dulaglutide. Before imeglimin, his glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) change was 94.0 mmol/mol (8.6%) in November 2022, but it dropped to 71.0 mmol/mol (6.5%) in May 2023 after imeglimin was added. The case 2 patient was originally diagnosed with T2D when she was aged 48 years. She was treated with vildagliptin, biguanide, luseogliflozin, and imeglimin. Her HbA1c before imeglimin was 92.9 mmol/mol (8.5%) in January 2023, which decreased to 75.4 mmol/mol (6.9%) in July 2023 after imeglimin was added. Although imeglimin has not been approved for treating type 1 diabetes and LADA, adding imeglimin to the current medication was effective in improving and controlling the patients’ plasma glucose.
Insulinoma Presenting as Seizures: Challenges of Managing a Rare Disease in a Resource-challenged Setting
Authors: Soyoye David O , Atolani Segun A , Adetunji Tajudin A , Alatise Olusegun I 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Insulinomas are functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). They secrete insulin, and hence, present with hypoglycemia. We report a case of insulinoma in a 16-year-old girl presenting as seizures. She was initially managed at a private clinic and later commenced on carbamazepine when convulsion persisted. Convulsions were generalized, associated with dizziness and altered sensorium, often preceded by hunger and physical exertion, but relieved by the intake of carbonated drinks and fruit juice. She was referred to the neurology clinic when seizures persisted, despite the use of anticonvulsant. She was later referred to the endocrine clinic on suspicion of insulinoma when her random blood glucose (BG) was found to be low during an episode of convulsion. She was moderately obese but other examination findings were normal. She had a 72-hour prolonged fast, which was terminated when hypoglycemia (BG = 2.2 mmol/L) ensued after 12 hours, with elevated serum insulin and C-peptide. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging scan showed a pancreatic tumor suggestive of insulinoma. She subsequently had distal pancreatectomy performed with complete resolution of symptoms. Unusual presentation of insulinoma may delay diagnosis, resulting in wastage of resources with increased morbidities and mortality.
Conditionally mutant animal model for investigating the invasive trophoblast cell lineage
Authors: Iqbal Khursheed , Dominguez Esteban M. , Nixon Brandon , Moreno-Irusta Ayelen , Crnkovich Benjamin , Scott Regan L. , Vu Ha T. H. , Tuteja Geetu , Vivian Jay L. , Soares Michael J. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Placental development involves coordinated expansion and differentiation of trophoblast cell lineages possessing specialized functions. Among the differentiated trophoblast cell lineages are invasive trophoblast cells, which exit the placenta and invade the uterus, where they restructure the uterine parenchyma and facilitate remodeling of uterine spiral arteries. The rat exhibits deep intrauterine trophoblast cell invasion, a feature shared with human placentation, and is also amenable to gene manipulation using genome-editing techniques. In this investigation, we generated a conditional rat model targeting the invasive trophoblast cell lineage. Prolactin family 7, subfamily b, member 1 (Prl7b1) is uniquely and abundantly expressed in the rat invasive trophoblast cell lineage. Disruption of Prl7b1 did not adversely affect placental development. We demonstrated that the Prl7b1 locus could be effectively used to drive the expression of Cre recombinase in invasive trophoblast cells. Our rat model represents a new tool for investigating candidate genes contributing to the regulation of invasive trophoblast cells and their roles in trophoblast-guided uterine spiral artery remodeling.
eNOS plays essential roles in the developing heart and aorta linked to disruption of Notch signalling
Authors: Eley Lorraine , Richardson Rachel V. , Alqahtani Ahlam , Chaudhry Bill , Henderson Deborah J. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
eNOS (NOS3) is the enzyme that generates nitric oxide, a signalling molecule and regulator of vascular tone. Loss of eNOS function is associated with increased susceptibility to atherosclerosis, hypertension, thrombosis and stroke. Aortopathy and cardiac hypertrophy have also been found in eNOS null mice, but their aetiology is unclear. We evaluated eNOS nulls before and around birth for cardiac defects, revealing severe abnormalities in the ventricular myocardium and pharyngeal arch arteries. Moreover, in the aortic arch, there were fewer baroreceptors, which sense changes in blood pressure. Adult eNOS null survivors showed evidence of cardiac hypertrophy, aortopathy and cartilaginous metaplasia in the periductal region of the aortic arch. Notch1 and neuregulin were dysregulated in the forming pharyngeal arch arteries and ventricles, suggesting that these pathways may be relevant to the defects observed. Dysregulation of eNOS leads to embryonic and perinatal death, suggesting mutations in eNOS are candidates for causing congenital heart defects in humans. Surviving eNOS mutants have a deficiency of baroreceptors that likely contributes to high blood pressure and may have relevance to human patients who suffer from hypertension associated with aortic arch abnormalities.
PECULIARITIES OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION ADOLESCENTS IN SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors: Kulikova Tatyana I. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The article is devoted to the identification of peculiarities of interpersonal communication of adolescents in the Internet for further development of the program of development of skills of safe and productive interpersonal communication of adolescents in social networks. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the use of social networks not only generates the problem of adolescent Internet addiction, but also has a negative impact on the process of socialisation, as well as provokes bullying and other violent actions against the developing personality.
Method. The study involved 56 adolescents aged 14-15 years - students of the centre of education of the city of Tula. As a diagnostic material were used methods to identify interpersonal and communicative features of adolescents (questionnaire of interpersonal relations A.A. Rukavishnikov and questionnaire K.S. Zhmyrko); determination of the level of communication of adolescents (questionnaire of interpersonal relations A.A. Rukavishnikov and questionnaire K.S. Zhmyrko). Zhmyrko); determining the level of communicative tolerance in the process of interpersonal interaction (the method of diagnostics of communicative tolerance V.V. Boyko); establishing the main orientations in the communication of schoolchildren (the method of diagnostics of motivational orientations in interpersonal communications I.D. Ladanov, V.A. Urazaeva).
Results. The results obtained during the diagnostic survey allow us to conclude that adolescents, due to their psychological and personal characteristics, unformed culture of communication in social networks, inability to express their opinions and defend their own point of view, create situations of conflict in social networks and provoke cyberbullying.
Practical implications. The materials of the study can be used in the work of psychological service of educational organisation and contribute to the development of skills of effective and safe communication in social networks among adolescents, formation of resistance to the negative impact of virtual environment.
INFLUENCE OF COMPUTER GAMING TECHNOLOGIES ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: Shirshov Ivan S. , Razumnikova Olga M. 
Published: December 2023

The article examines the relationship between self-assessment of time spent on computer gaming technologies and academic performance of university students.
The novelty of the obtained results is the negative impact of the time spent on computer games on the academic performance of students. The most informative predictor of academic underachievement and the occurrence of academic debt among students is the measure of gaming time per week, i.e. engagement in gaming for more than 10 hours per week is reduced effectiveness in academic activities.
The goal is to identify the relationship between engagement in computer gaming technologies and students’ academic performance. The sample consists of 389 students (average age of 19 years) studying in their first and second years at the university.
The hypothesis is that the degree of involvement in computer gaming technologies affects students’ academic performance.
Research methods: To determine the specifics of gaming engagement and preferences in computer gaming technologies (CGT), we created a questionnaire with questions about gaming activity and CGT preferences. Indices of average performance and academic debt were obtained from the university’s dean’s office databases.
Statistical analysis of the data involved the use of correlation and regression analysis.
According to the survey results, 75% of the students in the entire sample play computer games. Regression analysis results revealed that longer gaming time (per day, week, year) corresponds to a decrease in academic performance and an increase in student debt. The most informative predictor of students’ performance is the measure of self-assessed gaming time per week, and the most stable relationship between these measures is observed when the gaming time exceeds 10 hours per week.
Conclusion: The hypothesis that the degree of involvement in computer gaming technologies affects students’ academic performance has been confirmed.
The results of the conducted research can be used for psychological and pedagogical work with students, to inform about the impact of excessive engagement in CGT on academic performance and to prevent the initial signs of computer addiction.
SOCIAL ORIENTATION OF ATHLETES: SOCIO-CULTURAL AND AXIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Belov Miсhaеl S. , Kislyakov Pavel A. 
Published: December 2023

Relevance. The contradictory and ambiguous situation that has developed in modern sports requires an expanded range of scientific research in the field of axiology and psychology of sports. The existing facts of negative manifestations in sports determine the search for socio-cultural and axiological features of the social orientation of athletes.
The purpose of the study was to conduct a sociocultural and axiological analysis of the social orientation of athletes.
Research methods: The methodological basis of the study was socio-philosophical, ethical-philosophical, cultural, macro-psychological and axiological characteristics of sports as a social institution, socio-psychological aspects of sports and sports activities; ideas of multidimensionality and systemic development of the social orientation of an athlete.
When conducting a theoretical study, a theoretical analysis of the literature, the study of dissertation research, regulatory documents and scientific articles, generalization and systematization of the results obtained were used.
The results of the study. It is substantiated that the phenomenon of sport, which demonstrates a general social orientation, is the object of a wide range of cultural, philosophical, psychological, sociological scientific works. The analysis made it possible to identify socio-cultural and axiological factors that determine the social orientation of athletes.
FEATURES OF INDICATORS OF SITUATIONAL AND PERSONAL ANXIETY IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Moskalenko Olga L. , Kasparova Irina E. , Yaskevich Roman A. 
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study. To study the influence of various metabolic syndrome clusters on the severity of situational and personal anxiety.
Materials and methods. The study included 136 patients, including 60 with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed based on the criteria of clinical recommendations of the All-Russian Scientific Society of Cardiology in 2009. The severity of personal and situational anxiety was assessed using the scale of self-assessment of the level of anxiety by Ch.D. Spielberger modified by Yu.L. Khanina.
Results. It was established that in the examined groups of men, the median scores of both personal and situational anxieties corresponded to a moderate level. The most common variant of metabolic syndrome among men with high and moderate levels of situational and personal anxiety was its three-component combination. Among men with moderate and high levels of situational anxiety, there were statistically significantly more people with 5 or more metabolic syndrome components compared to patients with low levels.
Conclusion. The combination of central obesity, arterial hypertension, and lipid disorders characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein was the most common cluster of MS among men with high and moderate levels of situational and personal anxiety.
INFLUENCE OF HYBRID EDUCATION TRENDS ON THE TEACHING METHODS OF MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Voloshenko Anna A. , Khomovich Natalia V. 
Published: December 2023

The article discusses innovative learning models, as well as trends in the development of hybrid education, including alternative forms of education, and its impact on the teaching methods of medical university students.
The aim of the study was to study the formation of the content of education in conditions of simultaneous combination of digital and traditional teaching methods. An analysis of the works of both Russian and European authors has shown that some identify mixed and hybrid education; others distinguish between these concepts, while mixed learning consists of online (distance) and offline (traditional) forms. Whereas hybrid learning combines various forms of learning: informal and independent education, tutoring.
In this work, a mixed methodology was used, as well as interdisciplinary and interpretative analysis.
The conducted research allowed the author to conclude that hybrid training is designed to solve a number of tasks that are being put forward today in the medical education system: increasing the availability of information, taking into account the personality-oriented educational needs of students. At the same time, the importance of the thoughtfulness of the hybrid educational process is emphasized, otherwise, with the inept design and use of hybrid learning, it is possible to create uncomfortable conditions for all participants in the educational process.