bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-parametric data processing in experimental studies of spirally reinforced concrete samples
Authors: Tonkikh G. P. , Neshchadimov V. A. , Averin I. A. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Statistical methods in the analysis of experimental data can be applied to identify patterns and test hypotheses, determine the quality of experimental data and draw conclusions based on objective data. In addition, experimental data after non-parametric processing can be used in numerical modeling using contemporary computing suites.Aim. To outline a methodology for non-parametric processing of experimental results using SCAD computing suite tools, certified in the territory of the Russian Federation. In the proposed methodology, experimental test data for spirally reinforced concrete samples of various strengths were used.Results. As a result of non-parametric processing of spirally reinforced concrete samples, empirical coefficients of the Prandtl bilinear diagram were determined according to the proposed method. This diagram is used in the SCAD computing suite to set the physical nonlinearity of the material behavior. A method for processing a small volume of experimental results is proposed for using the available data in SCAD CS numerical studies with an acceptable level of probability.Conclusions. The empirical coefficients, obtained in non-parametric processing for setting the Prandtl bilinear diagram, can be used to perform a numerical modeling of the sample bahavior for planning further experimental studies in order to find more general patterns, taking into account other behavioral factors of real structural elements in load-bearing systems of buildings and structures with spiral reinforcement, including high-intensity dynamic effects. According to experimental and theoretical studies, spiral reinforcement can significantly increase the deformability and energy capacity of reinforced concrete structures, which fundamentally affects the behavioral pattern of structures and supporting framework of buildings and structures as a whole. These behavioral features of spirally reinforced structures can be further taken into account for the computational justification of design solutions in the SCAD CS and other software programs using the Padé approximation of the Prandtl bilinear diagram.
Precise localization of corneal reflections in eye images using deep learning trained on synthetic data
Authors: Byrne Sean Anthony , Nyström Marcus , Maquiling Virmarie , Kasneci Enkelejda , Niehorster Diederick C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe present a deep learning method for accurately localizing the center of a single corneal reflection (CR) in an eye image. Unlike previous approaches, we use a convolutional neural network (CNN) that was trained solely using synthetic data. Using only synthetic data has the benefit of completely sidestepping the time-consuming process of manual annotation that is required for supervised training on real eye images. To systematically evaluate the accuracy of our method, we first tested it on images with synthetic CRs placed on different backgrounds and embedded in varying levels of noise. Second, we tested the method on two datasets consisting of high-quality videos captured from real eyes. Our method outperformed state-of-the-art algorithmic methods on real eye images with a 3–41.5% reduction in terms of spatial precision across data sets, and performed on par with state-of-the-art on synthetic images in terms of spatial accuracy. We conclude that our method provides a precise method for CR center localization and provides a solution to the data availability problem, which is one of the important common roadblocks in the development of deep learning models for gaze estimation. Due to the superior CR center localization and ease of application, our method has the potential to improve the accuracy and precision of CR-based eye trackers.
La Educación Financiera de los Estudiantes Universitarios de Contaduría Pública: un Estudio de Caso
Authors: Roque Hernández Ramón Ventura , Medina Rentería José Luis , Ortega Cervantes Gabriela 
Published: December 2023

En la sociedad moderna, la educación financiera, entendida como el conjunto de conocimientos y habilidades para comprender y utilizar las finanzas apropiadamente, se vuelve cada vez más necesaria. El presente artículo tuvo los objetivos de caracterizar y diferenciar la educación financiera de los estudiantes universitarios de contaduría pública en función de su género y su estado laboral actual. Se aplicó un cuestionario electrónico a 100 estudiantes de un programa educativo de Contaduría Pública en una universidad pública estatal en México. Se encontró evidencia que sugiere que los hombres podrían tener puntuaciones mayores en aspectos relacionados con conocimiento y conducta financieros. Sin embargo, se requiere más investigación para determinarlo. En el caso de las diferencias encontradas por el estado laboral actual, se pudo establecer que los participantes que más se comunican con sus padres al atravesar por crisis financieras son aquellos que no tienen empleo. La educación financiera, al ser un tema de alta incidencia en la vida de las personas, debería promoverse con mayor intensidad en la vida estudiantil. Esto propiciaría finanzas más saludables entre el estudiantado. No obstante, este planteamiento requiere desarrollarse más para concretar un programa de alfabetización financiera para todos los alumnos universitarios sin importar su especialidad.
El Enfoque de las Competencias Laborales y su Importancia en la Gestión de la Mano de Obra en una Empresa
Authors: Galán Montero Jorge Alberto , Hernández Cortes Rigoberto , Gutierrez Córdoba Lourdes 
Published: December 2023

El elemento principal que contribuye al éxito de cualquier empresa son las personas que la conforman. De aquí que es muy importante la integración o dotación de las personas más idóneas u óptimas para realizar las tareas y actividades definidas en el análisis de puestos previamente efectuado. Empresas de las zonas centro y norte del país han considerado como referencia de selección de la mano de obra a las Competencias Laborales; sin embargo, en las zonas sur y sureste de México poco se ha hecho al respecto. Se presenta un panorama acerca del proceso de: reclutamiento, selección, contratación e inducción al área de trabajo en una empresa de la región, tomándola como referencia del enfoque de Competencias Laborales del organismo CONOCER en el aprovisionamiento de mano de obra en empresas de transformación y de servicios.
Percepción del Cuidado Humanizado del Personal de Enfermería en Cuidados Intermedios. Hospital General de Macas
Authors: Holguín Macias Miguel Ángel , Encalada Bueno Priscila Fernanda , Bermeo Farez Fanny Cecilia 
Published: December 2023

El cuidado humanizado es un elemento esencial para lograr la promoción del bienestar durante los procesos de atención dentro de los sistemas de salud. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la percepción del cuidado humanizado del personal de enfermería en cuidados intermedios del Hospital General de Macas. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una metodología con enfoque cuali-cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo con una población de 14 profesionales de enfermería que laboran en la Unidad de Cuidados Intermedios del Hospital General de Macas. Con respecto a los resultados, el 43% de los profesionales de enfermería tienen un alto nivel de cuidado humanizado, el 29% posee un nivel bajo y un 28% restante tiene un nivel mediano. Además, todos los profesionales enfermeros entrevistados consideraron que el trato humano en el cuidado del paciente crítico es importante porque tienen necesidades físicas, psicológicas, sociales, emocionales y espirituales. En conclusión, la percepción de enfermería sobre los cuidados humanizados brindados en pacientes de terapia intensiva se evidenció una problemática, puesto que aún se puede ver que los profesionales enfermeros de la terapia intensiva rigen su trabajo de manera técnico-científica y algo mecanizada, ignorando muchas veces el aspecto humano y afectando sus relaciones con los pacientes.
The application of Erlang model for process simulation of boundary monitoring of ships proceeding through the Kerch-Yenikalsky Strait
Authors: Sviatskii Vitalii V. 
Published: December 2023

This article investigates the peculiarities of the Kerch-Yenikalsky Channel (KEC) passage. The Kerch Strait is one of the most intensively used sea routes in the Russian Federation, which results in a constant flow of ships and requires organized traffic.
The Kerch Strait throughput capacity was calculated from statistical data on the number of vessels that pass through it on a daily basis. The number of vessels passing through the Kerch Strait increases noticeably every year.
The increase in the number of vessels passing through the Strait creates additional problems related to safety of navigation and environmental sustainability of the region. For example, an increase in the number of ships can lead to an increased probability of collisions and accidents, as well as to the deterioration of the environmental situation in the area of the strait.
In this paper, an algorithm is developed and the factors affecting the KEC passage process are analyzed. The Erlang model is used as a model. This model allows to carry out simulation modeling of the process of customs control providing quantitative data. To build the model, statistical processing of data on the passage of customs control was performed. As a result of simulation modeling the following results were obtained:
1.The maximum throughput capacity of a given control section was determined;
2.Calculated the optimal composition of the customs control vessels.
Stars Bisected by Relativistic Blades
Authors: DuPont Marcus , MacFadyen Andrew 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We consider the dynamics of an equatorial explosion powered by a millisecond magnetar formed from the core collapse of a massive star. We study whether these outflows—generated by a priori magneto-centrifugally driven, relativistic magnetar winds—might be powerful enough to produce an ultrarelativistic blade (“lamina”) that successfully carves its way through the dense stellar interior. We present high-resolution numerical special-relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of axisymmetric centrifugally driven explosions inside a star and follow the blast wave propagation just after breakout. We estimate the engine requirements to produce ultrarelativistic lamina jets and comment on the physicality of the parameters considered. We find that sufficiently collimated—half-opening angle θ

r
≤ 0.°2—laminas successfully break out of a compact progenitor at ultrarelativistic velocities (

Γ

core

≳
30

) and extreme isotropic energies (E

k,iso ∼ 5 × 1052 erg) within a few percent of the typical spin-down period for a millisecond magnetar. The various phases of these ultrathin outflows, such as collimation shocks, Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities, and lifetime, are discussed, and we speculate on the observational signatures echoed by this outflow geometry.
X-Ray Energy Deposition Model for Simulating Asteroid Response to a Nuclear Planetary Defense Mitigation Mission
Authors: Burkey Mary T. , Managan Robert A. , Gentile Nicholas A. , Syal Megan Bruck , Howley Kirsten M. , Wasem Joseph V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the event of a potentially catastrophic asteroid impact, with sufficient warning time, deploying a nuclear device remains a powerful option for planetary defense if a kinetic impactor or other means of deflection proves insufficient. Predicting the effectiveness of a potential nuclear deflection or disruption mission depends on accurate multiphysics simulations of the device's X-ray energy deposition into the asteroid and the resulting material ablation. The relevant physics in these simulations span many orders of magnitude, require a variety of different complex physics packages, and are computationally expensive. Having an efficient and accurate way of modeling this system is necessary for exploring a mission's sensitivity to the asteroid's range of physical properties. To expedite future simulations, we present a completed X-ray energy deposition model developed using the radiation-hydrodynamics code Kull that can be used to initiate a nuclear mitigation mission calculation. The model spans a wide variety of possible mission initial conditions: four different asteroid-like materials at a range of porosities, two different source spectra, and a broad range of radiation fluences, source durations, and angles of incidence. Using blowoff momentum as the primary metric, the model-initiated simulation results match the full radiation-hydrodynamics results to within 10%.
Abstinence Self-Efficacy and Resilience in Persons with Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Devi L. Iris , Baruah Arunjyoti , Ahmed Nurnahar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context:
Substance use affects the personal, social, and familial aspects of a person’s life and is usually persistent, chronic, and relapsing in nature. Self-efficacy and resilience are important in the process of recovery of these persons.

Aims:
The current study aimed to examine the abstinence self-efficacy and resilience of persons with substance use disorder.

Study Design:
The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional research design.

Materials and Methods:
Convenience sampling technique was used to select 60 patients in a tertiary mental health-care setting. The tools used were Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale.

Results:
The mean resilience was 76.52 ± 14.320 and the mean abstinence self-efficacy (confidence) was 57.50 ± 19.108. There was also a significant positive correlation between resilience and abstinence self-efficacy (confidence), r = 0.325, P = 0.011.

Conclusions:
The study findings indicate that patients with substance use disorder have moderate abstinence self-efficacy and resilience. Resilience and abstinence self-efficacy can be further enhanced in substance-using persons through proper interventions which will help to maintain long-term abstinence.
Selfitis: An Analysis on Prevalence and Attitude among College Students
Authors: Sreejamol MG , Radhika R , Reghuvaran Rajalakshmi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Our daily lives now mostly revolve around our smartphones. Due to the widespread use of mobile phones, selfies have become the newest technical trend among young people. The most common practice of taking selfies in dangerous situations is proving to be a fatal one. The majority of these fatalities and injuries are from falls from great heights and posing with dangerous objects.

Objective of the Study:
The objective of this study was to assess the attitude and prevalence of selfitis among college students.

Methodology:
Descriptive design was used in this study. Convenience sampling technique was used to select 400 college students from a technical college of Ernakulam district, Kerala, within the age group of 16–24 years. The data were collected using two semi-structured questionnaires and Solanki Selfie Addiction Scale, a standardized tool for the assessment of selfie addiction.

Results:
It was found that 86% (344) were males and 14% (56) were females. Eighty-five percentage (340) of the study subjects had smartphone and only a few, 60 (15%) were not using it. About 59.5% (238) of them used all the enlisted social media. The prevalence of selfie addiction shows majority, 260 (65%) had mild selfie addiction, 76 (19%) had no selfie addiction but few had moderate 64 (16%) selfie addiction, and there was no severe selfie addiction. Result of attitude shows that 82% (328) have a neutral attitude, 16% (64) shows a positive attitude, and 2% (8) shows a negative attitude toward selfie.

Conclusion:
The result highlights the importance of providing education regarding the healthy use of social media.
Outcomes of single-stage reconstruction with ipsilateral peroneus longus and hamstring graft in multiligament knee injuries: A case series
Authors: Kapoor Rajat , Yadav Rohit , Sharma Brijesh , Dinkar Karuna Shankar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
The diagnosis and management of patients presenting with more than one ligament injury in the knee have been a controversial topic for several decades and it is difficult to draw any firm conclusions. No single approach has proven optimal for the treatment of multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) and there is no consensus between most specialists. This case series seeks to describe and clarify management's current state and future.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to determine the outcome of single staged MLKI reconstruction.

Materials and Methods:
It is a hospital-based case series conducted on 10 patients. Patients who were surgically treated for MLKI between 2017 and 2020 were included in this study. In our study, we included patients with grade 3 or grade 4 cruciate ligament injury with grade 3 or 4 collaterals injury for arthroscopic reconstruction. Data were collected pre- and postoperatively and their Lysholm and International knee documentation committee (IKDC) scores were used to evaluate the outcomes.

Results:
A male predominance was noted in the present study. Road traffic accidents were the most common mode of injury (70%). Anterior cruciate ligament and medial collateral ligament combination constituted the most common injury pattern (70%). Overall, there was a statistically significant difference in outcomes postsurgery with regards to pre-operative and postoperative Lysholm and IKDC scores in our patients with a P-value of less than 0.0001, substantiating the need for surgical management of MLKI. With a mean postoperative Lysholm score of 89 and a mean postoperative IKDC score of 85, this study showed functionally good results in the patients treated in a single sitting. At the end of 1 year, none of the patients showed positive results for anterior drawer and valgus or varus stress tests. None of the patients showed extensor lag at the last follow-up.

Conclusion:
A wide variety of management approaches have been described for MLKI. Proper evaluation and full diagnosis are key in multiligament injury of the knee. Failure to treat all injured structures can lead to changes in knee kinematics, poorer outcomes, and increased risk for graft failure. Single-stage early surgical treatment with proper rehabilitation yields good functional and clinical outcomes with early return to work and sports activity.
Influence of Gender on Auditory Temporal Processing: A Cross-sectional study in Security Personnel in Puducherry, India
Authors: Naziruddin Husamuddin , Teli Shivayogappa S. , Abeetha S , Shanmugarajah Mangani Mangalavalli 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
It is no wonder that men and women have their fair share of differences. Scientific evidences are scarce to justify the clear-cut role of gender differences on the human brain. It is a well-known fact that perception and accurate processing of sound stimuli in the auditory pathway is a necessary skill for efficient learning and language development. This study aimed to investigate the role of gender on auditory processing by comparing the temporal resolution ability of healthy, adult males and females.

Methods:
Forty-three apparently healthy individuals (F = 18; M = 25) in the age group of 25–60 years with a normal hearing threshold on audiometry participated in this study. Audiometry and random gap detection test (RGDT) were used to assess hearing threshold and auditory temporal processing ability. In RGDT, a pair of pure tones was presented to participants’ ears at different frequencies (500–4000 Hz) and they were instructed to identify a silent-gap (in milliseconds) between each pair of tones. Values were compared using an unpaired student “t” test.

Results:
The mean age of participants was 40.5 ± 8.45 years. The average hearing threshold levels (in dB) of male and female participants were 15.6 ± 2.5 and 14.5 ± 2.8, respectively (P-value = 0.1293). Temporal processing values of males and females were 10.48 ± 0.49 and 10.67 ± 0.51, respectively (P-value = 0.2338).

Conclusion:
The temporal processing ability was slightly higher in males than the females. However, the difference was insignificant. Therefore, it can be concluded that gender does not affect auditory temporal processing ability in middle-aged adults.
Prevalence of Transfusion-Transmitted Infections in Multi-Transfused Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Patients: A Single Center Experience from Southern Odisha, India
Authors: Behera Susmita , Mishra Rabindra K. , Behera Samira K. , Purohit Prasanta 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Repeated transfusion in sickle cell disease (SCD) and transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) patients lead to transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). The prevalence, as well as various risk factors for TTIs in these patients, is found to be inconsistent. This study aimed to observe the prevalence, types of infections as well as risk factors for TTIs in a tertiary health care center.

Materials and Methods:
This observational study was undertaken on both SCD and TDT patients admitted to the hospital for a transfusion. In all patients, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based test kit was used for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 (HIV 1 and 2). However, a rapid test kit was used for the diagnosis of malaria and syphilis. Detailed information on age of the patients, duration of transfusion, and number of transfusion as risk factors were recorded. The association of factors with various infections was analyzed statistically.

Results:
A total of 153 patients were recruited including 49 SCD and 104 TDT patients. Of 153 patients, 25 patients were found to have infections including HCV in 22 (14.38%) patients, HBV in 2 (1.31%) patients, and HIV in 2 patients (1 patient was positive for both HCV and HBV). Out of 25 TTIs patients, 7 patients had SCD and 18 patients had TDT. On the association, only an increased number of transfusion per year was found to be significantly associated with TTIs (P = 0.008) in SCD patients. However, all the risk factors were found to be associated with TTIs except gender in TDT patients.

Conclusion:
The occurrence of TTIs was found to be associated with older patients, increased number of transfusion per year, and large duration of transfusion. The increasing trend in the TTIs in these patients calls for a shift toward preventive and comprehensive care to reduce the health burden.