bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theological issues: survey
Authors: Samuelson Norbert M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aristotle named the book that comes after (meta -) his book on physics (physica ) ‘theology’ because its subject-matter was a systematic and logical study (-logy) of God (theo-). His Physics deals with the general causal principles by which what we call the ‘natural’ world must be understood, principles whose ultimate foundation rests logically and causally on a first and final cause of everything. He (and other natural philosophers of the ancient Greek world) called such a principle ‘deity’ (theos ), and he devoted an entire book solely to that principle.
‘Striking too short at Greeks’: The Transmission of Agamemnon to the English Renaissance Stage
Authors: Ewbank Inga-Stina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are a number of reasons, dive rent but interrelated, why the impotence of Priam ‘ [s]tricking too short at Greeks’ serves me for an index to the quest this paper proposes to pursue. The first is a general one. It seems to image a long-held axiom of English Renaissance scholarship that, when the playwrights wielded their antique sword, it struck too short at Greeks and lay where it fell, that is on Roman Seneca. His plays, Thomas Nashe complained in 1589, had become a storehouse for would-be playwrights with little or no Latin, who read ‘ English Seneca . . . by candlelight’ ‘ [L]et bloud line by line and page by page’ Seneca ‘ will afford you whole Hamlets, I should say handfuls of tragicall speeches’.2 This axiom is no longer so unquestioned,3 and in the last couple of decades
Ariane Mnouchkine and the History of the French Agamemnon
Authors: Combe Pierre Judet de La 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When someone decides to stage the Agamemnon of Aeschylus, s/he is involved in a very complex debate about the possible meanings of the play and about the aesthetics of modern theatrical performance. S/he has to deal with some difficult and well-known technical questions, such as: ‘ How should one resolve the problem of the tragic chorus? When should Clytemnestra appear on stage? What kind of music is most appropriate today? ’ And so on. But if a director wants his/her work to get some individual and acknowledged value within theatre history, if s/he is not content with simply mounting just another good production of the play but seeks instead to innovate, then there are greater difficulties to contend with.
Virtues, Values, and Moral Objectivity
Authors: Siep Ludwig 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is little doubt that virtues are valuable character traits or dispositions to behave regularly in the right way. If there are any values at all, justice, wisdom, and bravery are among them and just actions are instantiations of the value of justice. Therefore, if virtues can lay claim to some sort of objectivity, we may conclude that there are at least some objective values.
Hybrid Theories of Normativity
Authors: Detel Wolfgang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What is the source of ethical normativity? It is often thought that the ancient world-view provides an easier answer to this question than the modern scientific picture of the world. The traditional diagnosis is that the ancients conceived of the universe as being a teleological structure. The real is supposed to be in some sense normative and human life has a purpose which depends on the teleology exhibited by the universe as a whole. This is supposed to be sufficient to establish that ethics really is normative and that its demands on us are justified. At the same time, the ancient view seems to ground ethical normativity firmly in nature. According to the traditional diagnosis, the modern scientific world-view has deprived us of the idea that the world has a purpose or telos. In the modern view, nature is taken to be the realm of laws that are in no way teleological or normative.
Socratic Ethics: Ultra-Realism, Determinism, and Ethical Truth
Authors: Penner Terry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I offer an outline here of a rather unusual ethical theory which I find in the Socratic parts of Plato’s early dialogues and which I shall call ‘Socratic Ethics’. This is a remarkable theory by modern lights, first for its naturalism or descriptivism: no norms, no values, no practical principles—just matters of fact, objective truths about the agent’s good. The good referred to here is that real good (happiness) which the agent wants to see realized in his or her life to the greatest extent possible, given the circumstances that the agent is in. The desire in question is egoistic, in that it is within one’s own life that one wants the good maximally realized. It is, nevertheless, the same good, the same happiness, that each of us wants maximally realized in our own lives—I that this happiness be maximally realized in my life, you that this same happiness be maximally realized in your life, and so forth.
Out of the Labyrinth: Plato’s Attack on Consequentialism
Authors: McCabe Mary Margaret 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What is the relation between Plato’s account of virtue and his defence of ethical objectivity? Some views of Platonic virtue may relegate it to a role severely subordinate to objective value. In what follows I reflect on Plato’s attack on consequentialism in the Euthydemus and consider how that dialogue, read as an integrated whole, may provide a view of value inimical to consequentialism. From this view, I argue, flows an account of the nature of value to which virtue is central; but the metaphysics of that account explains objectivity too. This, in turn, may illuminate our modern concerns: for it provides a distinctive starting-point for the metaphysics of value, and hence for any debate with the consequentialist.
An Aristotelian Commentator on the Naturalness of Justice
Authors: Sharples R W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The question of whether justice or ‘what is right’, dikaiosunêor to dikaion, is a matter of nature or convention is a central one in ancient Greek thought from the time of the Sophists onwards. It has a particular importance in the context of ancient eudaimonistic ethics. Justice in the more general sense of the term is, Aristotle argues, the aspect of virtue concerned with our behaviour towards other people; and in a system of thought which assumes, as ancient eudaimonistic ethics does, that I should act in my own true self-interest, the question whether and why it is in my own interest to treat other people justly is nothing less than the question of the basis of morality.
Assimilations of Inﬂuence
Authors: Buxton Rachel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Elizabeth Jennings, writing in the 1960s, argued that Frost’s impact on the work of other poets could only ever be fugitive, his influence general and nebulous rather than speciﬁc. In the case of Heaney and Muldoon I would counter that his influence has at times been manifest in quite explicit ways, and that the points of intersection can be pinpointed rather more precisely than Jennings claims. This is, of course, aided by the fact that both poets have written and spoken freely about Frost’s poetry, and about its influence on their own work, in correspondence, lectures, and interviews. Yet, valuable though it is, this material should be approached with a degree of caution: poets’ own views on other poets change over time, and in accordance with their current preoccupations. Heaney is himself quick to acknowledge this.
Intention, Purpose, and Design
Authors: Buxton Rachel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Both Frost and Muldoon believe that, in the composition of a poem, freedom is most often evident within, indeed dependent upon, the constraint of a design. Likewise both poets, when speaking of cosmological or metaphysical issues, profess a belief in external constraints within which free will might operate. To follow the parallel through from the level of aesthetics and form within poetry, free will can be viewed as dependent on a framework, on a type of restraint. For Frost, these external constraints can be equated with a notion of a deity, however indifferent or diabolical that deity might be. As the poem ‘Accidentally on Purpose’ a little laconically declares: For Muldoon, these constraints might be genetic or societal. In his 1996 interview with John Redmond he discusses this in relation to the interplay of the determined and the random:
The Eastern Mediterranean in Early Antiquity
Authors: Van De Mieroop Marc 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘Mediterraneanism’ involves itself with a region, and as such it needs to define its subject of study and set its borders. While the aim of the approach is to be trans-historical—inspired as it is by Braudel’s longue durée—it should be obvious that historical circumstances defined what belonged to the Mediterranean world at any given point in time. Political and economic conditions determined what regions were in contact with those at the Mediterranean shores, and these changed over time. While the Mediterranean might be a timeless and trans-historical concept, what falls within its reach is not. In his study of the Mediterranean world in the age of Philip II, Fernand Braudel could include the Flemish city of Antwerp, but no one would claim that city to have been a Mediterranean one throughout its history.
Travel and Experience in the Mediterranean of Louis XV
Authors: Armstrong Christopher Drew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Travel in Enlightenment culture was seen as differing essentially from travel in earlier periods. Circumscribed by extensive commercial and diplomatic networks, travel took place within an administrative framework that facilitated the gathering of knowledge around the world. Transformed by the development of new navigational technologies—specifically the invention of the marine chronometer and mathematically rigorous cartography—the relationship between the traveler and the environment could be plotted with an unprecedented degree of certainty. While knowledge of the world remained fragmentary, it was possible nonetheless to fully apprehend the extent of missing geographic information and to imagine a future state when a complete understanding of the earth’s geography would be realized through the efforts of scientific travelers.
Alphabet Soup in the Mediterranean Basin: The Emergence of the Mediterranean Serial
Authors: Alcock Susan E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Figure 13.1 captures, in graphic form, an arresting phenomenon. In a nutshell, the past two decades or so have witnessed the emergence of a number of academic journals which deal, to a greater or lesser extent, with the historical Mediterranean. The sample is admittedly a small one; the circulation of many rather limited; the life-span of a few regrettably brief. Nonetheless, the pattern is clear enough to invite review and contextualization, and to encourage some thought about the nature, and purpose, of these ‘Mediterranean serials’.
Textuality
Authors: Wray Ramona 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In an earlier manifestation, textual studies the term incorporates the twin disciplines of bibliography and editing stood outside mainstream Renaissance criticism. Bibliography and editing were seen as peripheral, less important than the ‘real work’ of literary analysis. One of the gains of the theoretical paradigm which has reshaped the Renaissance in recent years has been to unite these two strands of endeavour: theory has enabled a thorough revision of bibliography and editing, integrating both within the interpretive act and, in the process, transforming the status of textual studies. Signcant investigations into the construction of particular Renaissance editions, and discussions of the contemporary and subsequent histories of the early modern book, have given bibliography critical currency.
Chances Are: Henry Buckle, Thomas Hardy, and the Individual at Risk
Authors: Small Helen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This essay is about that old philosophical conundrum, neatly fingered here by Monty Python, of how one can plausibly assert individualism in a context where being one of a crowd is of the essence. Strictly speaking, there should be no para dox: there is nothing logically inconsistent about the claim that societies are constituted of individuals. Nevertheless, to announce individuality as the grounds for commonality is to find oneself teetering on the edge of absurdity.
Freud’s Theory of Metaphor: Beyond the Pleasure Principle, Nineteenth-Century Science and Figurative Language
Authors: Raitt Suzanne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One of his earliest publications in 1893, written while he was still seeking a new form for his researches into the unconscious mind, was called Project for a Scientific Psychology, and announced his intention to ‘furnish a psychology that shall be a natural science: that is, to represent psychical processes as quantitatively determinate states of specifiable material particles’. But twenty years later he acknowl edged that the Project had failed, remarking that ‘every attempt to ... discover a localization of mental processes, every endeavour to think of ideas as stored up in nerve-cells and of excitations as travelling along nerve-fibres, has miscarried completely’.
‘Chloe Liked Olivia’: The Woman Scientist, Sex, and Suffrage
Authors: Oannou Maroula J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This Chapter explores the representation of the woman scientist in three early twentieth-century novels: H. G. Wells’s Ann Veronica (1909) and what I take to be two feminist responses to it some fifteen years on: Edith Ayrton Zangwill’s The Call (1924) and Charlotte Haldane’s Man’s World (1926). Wells’s novel, the best remembered of the three works, established a powerful and provocative typology for the representation of the female scientist-a typology that Zangwill and Haldane both endorsed in several important respects but that they were also determined to resist.
The Confessionalization of Physics: Heresies, Facts and the Travails of the Republic of Letters
Authors: Liithy Christoph 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
According to a time-honoured view, there existed in an early modern Europe lacerated by confessional wars, ravished by famines, and decimated by the black plague, an elite of intellectuals who tenaciously functioned according to the rules of later centuries; who were the true precursors of the Enlightenment; and who engaged in measured scholarly discourse across confessional divides. These were the self-appointed members of the Republique des Lettres, an international alliance of reasonable people who followed higher rules of conduct than those prescribed by the warlords, preachers, and pamphleteers of their times.
Copernicanism, Jansenism, and Remonstrantism in the Seventeenth-Century Netherlands
Authors: Nouhuys Tabitta van 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
According to the Dutch historian of science Reyer Hooykaas, the Reformation contributed greatly to the rise of modern science. According to the Reformed way of thinking, Man was created by God with the power to scrutinize and understand nature, and had a duty to do so; the idea of the priesthood of all believers was conducive to the idea that both Scripture and nature were to be studied, and could fruitfully be studied, by each individual directly, without the intervention of tradition or interpretation by others. These ideas are of course related to the famous Merton thesis. Not only did Hooykaas devote his energies to explaining the link between Protestantism and science in general; he also wrote specifically on the reception of particular, novel scientific theories. In an article on Copernicanism in England and the Netherlands, he treated the enthusiasm of certain Dutch and English Protestants for the heliocentric theory, and claimed that Catholic contemporaries such as Galileo and Gassendi believed all or most of the Calvinistic scholars in the Netherlands to have been Copernicans.
When Did Pierre Gassendi Become a Libertine?
Authors: Osler Margaret J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Pierre Gassendi (1592-1655) is best known as the thinker who baptized the philosophy of Epicurus, hoping to provide a theologic-ally acceptable alternative to Aristotelianism for seventeenth-century thinkers who were searching for a new philosophy of nature. Natural philosophers in the latter half of the seventeenth century regarded Gassendi as one of the founders of the new, mechanical philosophy of nature. Gassendi was a Catholic priest and canon of the cathedral at Digne in the south of France. During his lifetime, he had a reputation as a person of moderate habits who shared the Epicurean values of a quiet life that provided opportunities for the freedom to philosophize and the joys of friendship.
Hobbes, Heresy, and Corporeal Deity
Authors: Leijenhorst Cees 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Great Fire of London of 1666 occurred amidst an atmosphere of mounting religious hysteria in England. The irate souls wasted little time in finding a suitable scapegoat in Thomas Hobbes, as his Leviathan of 1651 was considered by many to be the very epitome of heresy and atheism. The House of Commons set up a committee to consider a ‘Bill against Atheisme Prophaneness and Swearing impowered to receive Informacion toucheing such bookes as tend to Atheisme Blasphemy or Prophaneness or against the Essence or Attributes of God. And in particular ... the booke of Mr Hobbs called the Leviathan ‘. A more salient version of these events is to be found in the Brief Lives by John Aubrey, who was not only an incurable gossip, but also a friend and admirer of his fellow Wilt shireman. According to Aubrey, some of the bishops made a motion in Parliament ‘to have the good old gentleman burnt for a heretic ‘. Fortunately for Hobbes, the order to set up a committee was coun-tered by his protector, the Secretary of State Henry Bennet, Baron of Arlington.
The Heterodox Career of Nicolas Fatio de Duillier
Authors: Mandelbrote Scott 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There never was a better Man, than Mr Facio: His whole Life, like that of his blessed Master, was spent in doing good: And it might be as truly said of him, as some Person said of Nathaniel; he was a Man in whom there was no guile. As to his Learning: He had few, if any equals: He had read more than almost any other Man; and had the Happiness of remember[ing] every thing he had ever read. But, great as his learning was; his Modesty and Humility was still greater: He could bare contradiction from Children in Knowledge; and that, too in things that were plain and evident to him even to a Demonstration.
Virtue Ethics, Role Ethics, and Business Ethics
Authors: Swanton Christine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Much has been written in substantive moral philosophy from the perspective of the ‘big three’ theories: Kantianism, Virtue Ethics, and Consequentialism (Baron, Pettit, and Slote 1997). Considerably less has been written about the nature of a Kantian, virtue ethical, or consequentialist role ethics. Part of the explanation for this neglect lies in scepticism about role ethics itself, or at least scepticism about its importance or centrality. In this chapter I remedy the neglect by elaborating my own conception of a virtue ethical role ethics, showing how my view handles apparent role conflict, and conflict between role ethics and ‘ordinary morality’.
The Intentions Of Natural Science And Theology
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Much light is cast on the intentions of the scientific and theological enterprises by setting them in their social and historical, or, rather, their social-anthropological, context. It comes as something of a shock to the Western scientifically educated inquirer to find that, in the anthropological and, to some extent, the sociological literature,48 too, the scientific perspective on the world is often included among today’s ‘myths’ and ‘rituals’-those narratives and actions which societies relate and perform in relation to the natural world in order to meet real existential needs.
Introduction: Immensity
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
From time to time in the history of thought there emerges from the laboratory a scientist who, throwing aside the conventional detachment of his kind from the affairs of the world, throws down a gauntlet at the feet of the believer in God-and does so with especial vehemence if that believer is a Christian. Such a one, in his day, was Thomas Henry Huxley, ‘Darwin’s bulldog’, who espoused Darwin’s theory of natural selection as much for its use as a stick with which to beat the Christianity of his time as for the scientific evidence in favour of it.
Chance And Necessity In An ‘Ensemble’ Of Universes
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Carter’s reference to an ‘ensemble of universes’ serves to intro duce us to another major speculation of cosmologists. It is clear that, in tracing the history of the universe back to the point c. IO billion years ago when all its mass is postulated as having been concentrated into a relatively small space (of the size of an average laboratory), there comes a point beyond which the laws of physics as we know, test, or extrapolate them, cannot be applied.
Conclusion: A Creator Who Communicates Meaning
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Even with these powerful models of God’s action in the world whether of God as agent, of the world being in God, of the masculine and feminine aspects of procreation-I find myself still left with a sense of unease about some vital feature which is missing. We have been using the model of human agency, of the self, the ‘I’ whose intentions are implemented in and through the physical body, in order to take serious account of our scientific understanding of the unity of the world as a hierarchy of complex systems of physical units.
The Doctrine Of Creation In The Light Of The Emergence Of Man
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
So we ask, how does the foregoing account of the nature of man and of the processes leading to his emergence affect our models of Creation, the concept that all that is comes into being as an expression of the purpose and as a result of the action of a transcendent, yet immanent, Creator God? We recall that this concept was formulated to render the fact of existence intelligible and that the models appropriate for God’s creative action have (in these lectures) been devised and elaborated (or so I have intended) in the light of what the sciences have shown is in the world and how it has come to be there.
Prognoses
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For more than a decade, there have been raised strident voices from prophets of the doom which is imminent for mankind as the consequence of what is already happening to his environment and population. One of the most famous deliverances of this kind was the 1972 report14 sponsored by the Club of Rome which, on the basis of a computerized ‘world model’, predicted collapse of the economic and industrial systems of ‘developed’ countries by about the year 2 1oo, unless the birth rate should come to equal the death rate and capital investment should come to equal capital depreciation.
‘Ecological Values’ And The Doctrine Of Creation
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What is the relation of the foregoing to the generation of the best ‘ecological values’, meaning by this term the principles on which to base the making of wise personal and social decisions, with respect to those of our actions that impinge on the environment? This apparently simple question is more complex than first appears. No simple answer can be given, but nevertheless I wish to argue for the vital relevance to the development of appropriate ecological values in the coming decades of man’s understanding of his and nature’s relation to God as Creator.