bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of thermally evaporated Sb2Se3-based substrate-configured solar cell
Authors: Jain Alok Kumar , Anandan Rohini , Malar Piraviperumal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) has emerged as a promising absorber material for thin film solar cell (TFSC) application. In this work, a (120) oriented substrate-configured Sb2Se3 based TFSC has been fabricated using the thermally evaporated Sb2Se3 thin films. Pre-synthesized bulk Sb2Se3 was used as a source material and the films were subjected to post-deposition selenization. TFSCs were fabricated in a device configuration of Glass/Mo/Sb2Se3/CdS/ITO/Ag. It was found that there is a significant increment in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) with increased Voc and Jsc in the devices, wherein the Sb2Se3 absorber films were subjected to post-deposition selenization compared to the devices made with as-deposited films. TFSC with as grown Sb2Se3 film was showing an efficiency of ∼ 1% with Voc ∼ 208 mV, Jsc∼16 mA cm−2 and fill factor (FF) ∼ 29.9%. The device with selenized Sb2Se3 films showed a power conversion efficiency of 3.38% with Voc, Jsc and FF values of 362 mV, 18.54 mA cm−2 and 50.39%, respectively. The increase in PCE for selenized films is attributed to better grain growth and suppression of selenium vacancy defects. Overall, the findings of this work demonstrate the potential prospects of Sb2Se3 as an absorber material for TFSCs applications and suggest that post-deposition selenization plays a significant role in the enhancement of device efficiency. The obtained results are contributive in the understanding and development of low-cost Sb2Se3-based TFSCs.
The causal impact of local weather anomalies on beliefs about the occurrence of climate change
Authors: Carlson Deven , Ripberger Joseph , Jenkins-Smith Hank , Silva Carol , Carlson Nina , Bell Elizabeth , Gupta Kuhika 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Research has demonstrated that members of the public recognize anomalous weather patterns, and that subjective perceptions of the weather are related to beliefs about the occurrence of climate change. Yet despite two decades of scholarship and dozens of studies, inconsistent and insufficient data have made it difficult to credibly identify the causal impact of objective experiences on perceptions, and the impact of perceptions on beliefs regarding climate change occurrence. Here, we overcome these limitations by collecting and analyzing data from a 5-y panel survey of 2,500 individuals in Oklahoma, a US state that is highly divided on questions about climate change. Our findings indicate that the relationship between local weather anomalies and climate change beliefs is heavily dependent on baseline beliefs about whether climate change was occurring. For people who did not believe in climate change in the initial survey in our series, perceptions of anomalously hot and dry seasons shifted their beliefs towards the occurrence of anthropogenic climate change, whereas their perceptions of anomalously cool and wet seasons shifted their beliefs away from anthropogenic climate change. This relationship was not present among people who believed that climate change was occurring at the beginning of the study; their perceptions of seasonal temperature and precipitation anomalies had no effect on their beliefs about climate change. These patterns have substantial implications for the evolution of public beliefs about climate change.
Development of SRAM-APB protocol interface and verification
Authors: Karthikeyan V , Balamurugan K , Rao Namamula Lakshmana , Brindha F Jeya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this mechanism is to enhance the chip’s internal connections and read/write memory capabilities. The Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) is one such shared bus that uses static random-access memory to achieve this goal. As a result, it’s important to weigh a variety of design options before diving into the Verilog description. It’s also important to remember that the system must be designed to accommodate a large number of interoperable modules and memories. The design, on the other hand, starts with fewer modules and a less complicated description and realisation that relies on memory access. ModelSim is used to simulate after the delay has been modelled in Verilog. Since the interface’s static random-access memory uses an APB protocol, its performance may be tested at this stage. In addition, Questasim employs verification modules and System Verilog technologies to guarantee the system’s operation. From the obtained results, the Direct Memory Access (DMA) with SRAM-APB outperforms the alternatives, particularly in frame transmission schemes, with a wire efficiency that is 1.4 times higher and a dynamic energy efficiency that is nearly twice as high as those of conventional configurations.
Desistance Upon Release From Prison: Narratives of Tragedy, Irony, Romance and Comedy
Authors: Villman Emma 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Desistance research has largely revolved around the concepts of persistence in and desistance from crime, missing what happens between these two poles. The study uses longitudinal interview data from Finnish people in prison (N = 22) before and after release to elucidate the narrative development between the positions of persistence and desistance. Taking a narrative criminological approach, the article explores how the genres of romance, tragedy, irony and comedy are adopted in accounts of desistance. It challenges a static understanding of desistance, arguing that desistance narratives are more diverse than previously understood: rooted in identity, enduring the unforeseen and restricted by unfavourable realities. The findings suggest that different narrative genres give important insights into how individuals attempting to desist from crime perceive their agency.
Carving a Professional Identity for Chinese Social Work Shaped by Universalisation, Indigenisation, and Culturalism
Authors: Meng Qian , Gray Mel , Bradt Lieve , Roets Griet 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
China provides an extremely interesting contemporary case study for the international social work research community, given its questioning of the pertinence of the international definition of social work and stance in relation to the debates surrounding universalisation, internationalisation and indigenisation. This article begins by examining the evolving identity of Chinese social work, grounded as it is in China’s political ideology and socio-cultural values. It then extends the debate on the paradoxical processes of universalisation, internationalisation and indigenisation within the international and Chinese social work discourse in light of the ascendance of Chinese culturalism. Finally, it addresses the impact of these interrelated processes on Chinese social work, as it struggled to adapt to the central government’s political control of the developing profession and social project to train 1.45 million social workers by 2020. It argues that, to avoid the Scylla of escaping into tradition (culturalism) and Charybdis of absorption into the West (universalisation), Chinese social work has become a blend of Western and indigenised knowledge still in search of a unique identity.
Discrete class I molecules on brain endothelium differentially regulate neuropathology in experimental cerebral malaria
Authors: Fain Cori E , Zheng Jiaying , Jin Fang , Ayasoufi Katayoun , Wu Yue , Lilley Meredith T , Dropik Abigail R , Wolf Delaney M , Rodriguez Robert C , Aibaidula Abudumijiti , Tritz Zachariah P , Bouchal Samantha M , Pewe Lecia L , Urban Stina L , Chen Yin , Chang Su-Youne , Hansen Michael J , Kachergus Jennifer M , Shi Ji , Thompson E Aubrey , Jensen Hadley E , Harty John T , Parney Ian F , Sun Jie , Wu Long-Jun , Johnson Aaron J 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Cerebral malaria is the deadliest complication that can arise from Plasmodium infection. CD8 T-cell engagement of brain vasculature is a putative mechanism of neuropathology in cerebral malaria.
To define contributions of brain endothelial cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen-presentation to CD8 T cells in establishing cerebral malaria pathology, we developed novel H-2Kb LoxP and H-2Db LoxP mice crossed with Cdh5-Cre mice to achieve targeted deletion of discrete class I molecules, specifically from brain endothelium. This strategy allowed us to avoid off-target effects on iron homeostasis and class I-like molecules, which are known to perturb Plasmodium infection. This is the first endothelial-specific ablation of individual class-I molecules enabling us to interrogate these molecular interactions.
In these studies, we interrogated human and mouse transcriptomics data to compare antigen presentation capacity during cerebral malaria. Using the Plasmodium berghei ANKA model of experimental cerebral malaria (ECM), we observed that H-2Kb and H-2Db class I molecules regulate distinct patterns of disease onset, CD8 T-cell infiltration, targeted cell death and regional blood–brain barrier disruption.
Strikingly, ablation of either molecule from brain endothelial cells resulted in reduced CD8 T-cell activation, attenuated T-cell interaction with brain vasculature, lessened targeted cell death, preserved blood–brain barrier integrity and prevention of ECM and the death of the animal. We were able to show that these events were brain-specific through the use of parabiosis and created the novel technique of dual small animal MRI to simultaneously scan conjoined parabionts during infection.
These data demonstrate that interactions of CD8 T cells with discrete MHC class I molecules on brain endothelium differentially regulate development of ECM neuropathology. Therefore, targeting MHC class I interactions therapeutically may hold potential for treatment of cases of severe malaria.
Disrupted resting-state functional connectivity and network topology in mild traumatic brain injury: an arterial spin labelling study
Authors: Li Fengfang , Lu Liyan , Li Hui , Liu Yin , Chen Huiyou , Yuan Fang , Jiang Hailong , Yin Xindao , Chen Yu-Chen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury can cause different degrees of cognitive impairment and abnormal brain structure and functional connectivity, but there is still a lack of research on the functional connectivity and topological organization of cerebral blood flow fluctuations. This study explored the cerebral blood flow, functional connectivity and topological organization of the cerebral blood flow network in acute mild traumatic brain injury patients. In total, 48 mild traumatic brain injury patients and 46 well-matched healthy controls underwent resting-state arterial spin labelling perfusion MRI and neuropsychological assessments. The functional connectivity and topological organization of the cerebral blood flow network were analysed. Then, the correlation between the changes in cerebral blood flow network characteristics and cognitive function was explored. Acute mild traumatic brain injury patients showed decreased cerebral blood flow in the right insula and increased cerebral blood flow in the right inferior temporal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus. Abnormal cerebral blood flow network connection patterns mainly occur in sensorimotor network, default mode network, cingulo-opercular network and occipital network-related regions. Furthermore, mild traumatic brain injury disrupted the topological organization of the whole brain, which manifested as (i) reduced global efficiency; (ii) abnormal degree centrality, betweenness centrality, nodal clustering coefficient and nodal efficiency; and (iii) decreased intermodular connectivity between the occipital network and sensorimotor network. Finally, the change in network topology was correlated with the cognitive score of the mild traumatic brain injury. This study provided evidence of abnormal functional connectivity and network topology based on cerebral blood flow in acute mild traumatic brain injury patients, revealing their potential use as early markers for mild traumatic brain injury, which may contribute to both disease diagnosis and assessment.
Evidence for Tuberculosis in Individuals With Xpert Ultra “Trace” Sputum During Screening of High-Burden Communities
Authors: Sung Joowhan , Nantale Mariam , Nalutaaya Annet , Biché Patrick , Mukiibi James , Kamoga Caleb E , Akampurira Joab , Kayondo Francis , Kiyonga Rogers , Mukiibi Michael , Nakasolya Olga , McGeehan Molly , Dowdy David W , Katamba Achilles , Kendall Emily A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
“Trace” results on Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (“Ultra”; Cepheid) —a molecular diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB)—are often interpreted as an indication for TB treatment, but may also represent detection of nonviable bacilli or analytical error. In community-screening settings where individual TB risk is low, there is limited guidance on how to interpret Ultra-trace results.

Methods
We conducted systematic Ultra TB screening of adults and adolescents (≥15 years) in Kampala, Uganda, through door-to-door and event-based sputum collection. We enrolled individuals with trace-positive sputum for detailed clinical, radiographic, and microbiological (including 2 sputum cultures, repeat Ultra, and for people with HIV, urine lipoarabinomannan) evaluation, and compared those findings with similar evaluations in controls with Ultra-negative and Ultra-positive (non-trace) sputum.

Results
Of 21 957 people screened with Ultra, 211 (1.0%) tested positive, including 96 (46% of positives) with trace results. Of 92 people enrolled with trace-positive sputum; 12% (11/92) were HIV-positive and 14% (13/92) had prior TB. The prevalence of TB among participants with trace-positive sputum results was 14% (13/92) by culture, 24% (22/92) using broader microbiological criteria, and 26% (24/92) after accounting for clinical diagnosis. The prevalence of cough and of abnormal chest computed tomography (CT) findings were 32% and 26%, respectively, if Ultra-negative; 34% and 54% if trace-positive/non–microbiologically confirmed; 72% and 95% if trace-positive/microbiologically confirmed; and 71% and 93% if Ultra-positive (more than trace).

Conclusions
Most individuals with trace-positive sputum in Ugandan communities did not have microbiologically confirmed TB but had more symptoms and chest CT abnormalities than people with Ultra-negative sputum.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy non-responder to responder conversion rate in the MORE-CRT MPP trial
Authors: Leclercq Christophe , Burri Haran , Delnoy Peter Paul , Rinaldi Christopher A , Sperzel Johannes , Calò Leonardo , Concha Joaquin Fernandez , Fusco Antonio , Al Samadi Faisal , Lee Kwangdeok , Thibault Bernard 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aims
To assess the impact of MultiPoint™ Pacing (MPP) in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) non-responders after 6 months of standard biventricular pacing (BiVP).

Methods and results
The trial enrolled 5850 patients who planned to receive a CRT device. The echocardiography core laboratory assessed CRT response before implant and after 6 months of BiVP; non-response to BiVP was defined as &lt;15% relative reduction in left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV). Echocardiographic non-responders were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive MPP (541 patients) or continued BiVP (570 patients) for an additional 6 months and evaluated the conversion rate to the echocardiographic response. The characteristics of both groups at randomization were comparable. The percentage of non-responder patients who became responders to CRT therapy was 29.4% in the MPP arm and 30.4% in the BIVP arm (P = 0.743). In patients with ≥30 mm spacing between the two left ventricular pacing sites (MPP-AS), identified during the first phase as a potential beneficial subgroup, no significant difference in the conversion rate was observed.

Conclusion
Our trial shows that ∼30% of patients, who do not respond to CRT in the first 6 months, experience significant reverse remodelling in the following 6 months. This finding suggests that CRT benefit may be delayed or slowly incremental in a relevant proportion of patients and that the percentage of CRT responders may be higher than what has been described in short-/middle-term studies. MultiPoint™ Pacing does not improve CRT response in non-responders to BiVP, even with MPP-AS.
Development of the Longitudinal Study of Health and Ageing in Kenya (LOSHAK)
Authors: Nagarajan Niranjani , Burns Shane D , Riang’a Roselyter M , Mwangi Eunice Muthoni , Sayed Shaheen , Gichu Muthoni , Langa Kenneth M , Miguel Edward , Ngugi Anthony K , Ehrlich Joshua R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In Kenya, the number of adults aged ≥60 is expected to nearly quadruple by 2050, making it one of the most rapidly aging countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Accordingly, we designed the Longitudinal Study of Health and Ageing in Kenya (LOSHAK) to generate novel data to address the health and economic consequences of this demographic transition. Specifically, LOSHAK will investigate the social, economic, environmental, biological, and policy processes that shape late-life health and economic well-being in Kenya. Modeled on the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS), LOSHAK joins a network of harmonized studies on aging in &gt;45 countries worldwide; however, LOSHAK will be only the 2nd such study in SSA. The current feasibility and pilot phase of LOSHAK will validate measures and data collection procedures in a purposive sample of Kenyan adults aged ≥45 years. We have linguistically and culturally translated instruments while aiming to maintain harmonization with both existing HRS network studies and the ongoing Kenya Life Panel Survey. The current phase of LOSHAK is nested within the Kaloleni/Rabai Community Health and Demographic Surveillance System on the coast of Kenya. LOSHAK will advance population aging research in low- and middle-income countries through the study of (a) biomarkers and physiological measures; (b) the impacts of air pollution and climate vulnerability; (c) Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias, mental health, disability, caregiving, and psychosocial wellbeing; and (d) economic security, including the impact of social welfare. LOSHAK will inform future public health and economic policy to address challenges related to rapid aging in Kenya and throughout SSA. Accordingly, this paper aims to introduce and provide a description of LOSHAK and its aims and objectives, as well as to inform the scientific community of current study activities being used to build toward the full population-representative study.
Increasing community capacity to improve the implementation of Health Promoting Schools: barriers and facilitators from the FLASH intervention
Authors: van Dongen Bonnie Maria , Ridder Monica Antonia Maria , Wolters Loïs , Steenhuis Ingrid Hendrika Margaretha , Renders Carry Mira 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Building community capacity is important for the successful implementation of a Health Promoting School. To identify how capacity building can be encouraged in secondary schools, four schools engaged in the Fit Lifestyle at School and at Home (FLASH) intervention for 3 years. This study explores barriers and facilitators that school personnel, parents and pupils experienced in the capacity-building process. Thirty-one stakeholders were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed thematically based on the five actions of the intervention: (i) appoint a Healthy School coordinator and build a team, (ii) determine ambitions, (iii) design and (iv) implement the action plan and (v) evaluate and improve. The time and support allocated to coordinators helped them evolve their role from executors of health-promotion activities to coordinators, instigators and gatekeepers of the implementation process. Participatory tools helped identify shared values among stakeholders to determine context-specific ambitions and leverage points for interventions. Coordinators indicated that they lacked the skills and authority to engage pupils and parents and to reach the broader community. Coordinators struggled with translating promising ideas into action plans of coherent and mutually supportive activities and embedding them into policy. Strong leadership of Healthy School coordinators, who focus on the capacity-building process and foster collaborative relationships, is essential to build community capacity. In this process, more guidance is needed on how to involve the broader community in various phases. Furthermore, coordinators can benefit from professional development to align jointly designed activities into a comprehensive action plan embedded into Healthy School policies.
Molecular Imaging of Infections: Advancing the Search for the Hidden Enemy
Authors: Hammoud Dima A , Clifford Lane H , Jain Sanjay K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Even before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, infections were a major threat to human health, as the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of morbidity among all human diseases. Although conventional imaging studies are routinely used for patients with infections, they provide structural or anatomic information only. Molecular imaging technologies enable noninvasive visualization of molecular processes at the cellular level within intact living subjects, including patients, and hold great potential for infections. We hope that this supplement will spur interest in the field and establish new collaborations to develop and translate novel molecular imaging approaches to the clinic.
Clinical Characteristics of Peripheral Lymphocyte Subtypes in Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection
Authors: Wei Ang , Ou Wenxin , Zhao Yunze , Ma Honghao , Zhang Liping , Lian Hongyun , Zhao Xiaoxi , Zhang Qing , Wang Dong , Li Zhigang , Wang Tianyou , Zhang Rui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of peripheral Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected lymphocyte subtypes in children with chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV).

Methods
The levels of peripheral EBV infection of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells were determined by flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in patients with CAEBV from July 2017 to July 2022.

Results
In total, 112 children with CAEBV were evaluated. Of these, CD4+ type, CD8+ type, and CD56+ type were defined in 44, 21, and 47 patients, respectively. Patients with CD8+ T-cell type had a significantly higher frequency of rash, while hepatomegaly was more common in patients with CD4+ T-cell type. Generally, patients with CD8+ T-cell type had the lowest overall survival rate (P = .017). Patients treated with chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) had a better prognosis (P = .001). In multivariate analysis, rash, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, CD8+ T-cell type, and no decrease of plasma EBV-DNA after treatment were independent indicators of poor prognosis (P = .002, .024, .022, and .012, respectively).

Conclusions
In children with CAEBV, rash was more frequent in patients with CD8+ T-cell type, whereas patients with CD4+ T-cell type were more likely to develop hepatomegaly. Patients with CD8+ T-cell type had a poor prognosis despite receiving chemotherapy or further HSCT.