bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation on Fufang Congrong Yizhi Capsules (FCYC) of cognitive impairment after robot-assisted neurosurgery treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage (CONPAIR) : study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mo Mengting , Wang Wengang , Lu Mingjing , Zhao Junhui , Wang Shengyong , Ren Jie , Zhao Mangsuo , Zhang Qihui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high mortality and disability rates, which places a significant social burden. Robot-assisted neurosurgery with precise positioning and high stability has become an important advance in the development of minimally invasive surgery for ICH. Cognitive impairment is a common complication in patients with ICH, which seriously affects the stroke rehabilitation process. We are not sure about the medication treatment for cognitive impairment after robot-assisted neurosurgery treatment for ICH. In this CONPAIR trial, we will evaluate the safety and efficacy of Fufang Congrong Yizhi Capsules (FCYC) for cognitive impairment after robot-assisted neurosurgery treatment for ICH.
Methods and analysis In this multicentrer, randomized, controlled trial involving patients with cognitive impairment after robot-assisted neurosurgery treatment for ICH, we assessed medical management. Two hundred patients will be randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to either an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group will receive conventional treatment and oral administration of FCYC for 12 weeks or the control group will receive only conventional treatment. The primary safety end point was death within 30 days after enrollment.
Ethics and management The Case Report Form (CRF) will be completed and signed by well-trained researchers. We will monitor and promptly report adverse events throughout the trial. The privacy and data of the subjects will be safeguarded. Research Ethics Board approval has been obtained.
ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT06673602
Low-dose testosterone administration and estrogen synthase availability in the female brain
Authors: Comasco Erika , Dubol Manon , Jonasson My , Takahashi Kayo , Wikström Johan , Watanabe Yasuyoshi , Antoni Gunnar , Lubberink Mark , Biegon Anat , Sundström-Poromaa Inger 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Testosterone and estrogens play significant roles in female physiology, extending beyond reproductive functions to influence brain health, mood regulation, and behavior. Testosterone low-dosage therapy is increasingly considered for alleviating sexual dysfunction symptoms in women, and has been recently proposed as therapy for depressive symptoms, though the mechanisms and safety of this approach are not entirely clear. Specifically, the effects of testosterone use on brain estrogen synthase (aromatase), which maintains the balance between androgens and estrogens, remain unexplored. This study investigated the effects of short-term, low-dose testosterone administration on brain estrogen synthase availability and associated mood and behavioral changes in healthy premenopausal women. Healthy women (aged 22–33) were exposed to one week of low-dose testosterone (10 mg/day). Availability of estrogen synthase was examined by [11C]cetrozole positron emission tomography before and after testosterone exposure. Psychometric assessments of depression, anxiety, and aggression were administered at the same times. Peripheral testosterone levels were significantly increased (up to 33-fold) by the treatment, which had no significant effect on brain estrogen synthase availability. Psychometric measures of depression, anxiety, and aggression also remained unchanged post-treatment. These findings suggest that short-term, clinically relevant testosterone administration does not impact the brain androgen-estrogen conversion in healthy premenopausal women, which may reassure patients with hypoactive sexual desire disorder considering this treatment modality. Larger, long-term studies are needed to confirm these results and explore effects in patients with diverse symptoms and treated with testosterone.
A Rare Case of Advanced CKD with Extensive Cystic Renal Disease causing Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Shrestha Aron , Acharya Kshitiz , Giri Subarna , Timla Bipashna , Bhattarai Renish , Lal Vibhav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) occurs in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), leading to renal cyst formation. Although typically asymptomatic, large cysts can cause unusual complications like gastrointestinal obstruction.
Case presentation
An 18-year-old female with stage V chronic kidney disease developed abdominal distension and bowel obstruction caused by a large renal cyst. Imaging confirmed the diagnosis, and conservative management with fluid control, dialysis, and infection management was initiated.
Conclusion
This case highlights the rare presentation of bowel obstruction due to ACKD and emphasizes the importance of early imaging and a multidisciplinary approach in managing such complications.
Clinical trial number: not applicable
The burden of thyroid cancer is associated with the level of national development in Asia: Evidence from 1990–2021 for 47 countries
Authors: Qin Wenyi , Lin Jiong , Luo Haiqing , Yu Lili 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
The aim was to examine the temporal patterns of the thyroid cancer (TC) burden and its association with the national development level.
Methods
The estimates of the incidence and mortality of TC for 47 countries were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study for the period from 1990 to 2021. The human development level of each country was measured using the human development index (HDI), Social Progress Imperative (SPI) index, Nutrition and Medical Care (NMC) index, Density of Doctors per 100,000 people (DOD) and Personal Healthcare Spending (PHS) as summary indicators of health, education, and income reflecting the national development level. The associations between the burden of TC and these indices were measured via a scatterplot matrix, correlation heatmap and principal component analysis (PCA) plot. The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) was employed as a proxy for the survival rate of patients with TC.
Results
The total number of TC-related deaths increased from 10,477 [95% uncertainty interval (UI), 9,394–12,252] in 1990 to 27,187 [95% UI, 23,128–30,091] in 2021 across all age groups. Asia accounted for 62.8% of the TC cases worldwide in 2021. In the working-age population, this mean number of deaths was 2,729 [3,243–2,394], and the incidence of TC increased from 1.41 cases per 100,000 people [1.23–1.63] in 1990 to 3.36 cases per 100,000 people [2.81–3.90] in 2021. In terms of TC incidence, very high- and high-HDI countries accounted for nine of the top ten countries. The total incidence rate of TC in the working-age population was positively correlated with four indicators, namely, the HDI (Corr = 0.365*), IHDI (Corr = 0.336*), SPI index (Corr = 0.384*), and NMC index (Corr = 0.332*), of which the incidence rate among males (Corr = 0.594***, 0.541***, 0.544*** and 0.616***), in particular, was strongly correlated with the indicators of social development. In terms of mortality, the HDI (Corr=-0.401*), IHDI (Corr=-0.387*), NMC index (Corr=-0.437**) and PHS (Corr=-0.446**) were negatively correlated with the total mortality rate. The global MIR decreased from 0.135 in 1990 to 0.068 in 2021. As seen from the data, Asia's working-age population presented a 21.1% increase in TC mortality and a 138% increase in TC incidence.
Conclusion
The increasing burden of TC within the working-age population across Asia has resulted in an overall increase in the incidence of TC, especially in developed countries, although the overall prognosis has gradually improved. Fewer developed countries should invest more in international cooperation and local research and development, including the management of primary healthcare systems and the development of high-level healthcare centres.
Risk factors associated with Indian Type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease: CITE study, A Cross-sectional, Real-world, Observational Study
Authors: Kumar A , Mazumdar A , Bhattacharjee AK , Gupta A , Dasgupta A , Sinha B , Saboo B , Selvan C , Goyal G , Balaji J , Seshadri KG , Gangopadhyay KK , Kumar G Vijay , Chawla M , Sikdar M , Deka N , Singh NK , Chawla P , Jethwani P , Kovil R , Ghosal S , Ray S , Chatterjee S , Chandrasekharan S , Das S , Ghosh S , Patange S , Reddy S , T Surekha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. Identifying clinical and laboratory associations with CKD in T2D can assist physicians in targeting modifiable risk factors. In light of limited data from India, the CITE (CKD in Indian T2D Evaluation) study was conducted.
Methods:
The multicenter, cross-sectional CITE study included 3,325 patients from 28 centres across India over three months. CKD was defined as a persistent decline in kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min for ≥ 3 months) or an elevated urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) in at least two samples. Descriptive statistics summarised patient characteristics, while logistic regression analyses identified significant risk factors for CKD.
Results:
The prevalence of CKD in T2D was 34%, with a median patient age of 59.9 years and 60.72% having a T2D duration of more than 10 years. Reduced eGFR (< 60 ml/min) was significantly associated with age ≥ 60 years (OR: 2.46, 95% CI 2.11–2.87, P < 0.001), T2D duration of more than 10 years (OR: 2.27, 95% CI 1.76–2.92, P < 0.001), HbA1c (OR: 1.04, 95% CI 1.00–1.08, P = 0.03), and SBP (OR: 1.005, 95% CI 1.002–1.009, P < 0.001). Macroalbuminuria (UACR > 300 mg/g) was linked to a non-vegetarian diet (OR: 1.95, 95% CI 1.59–2.39, P < 0.001) and tobacco use (OR: 1.38, 95% CI 1.14–1.65, P = 0.001). CKD also increased the odds of comorbidities.
Conclusion:
The CITE study highlights the prevalence and risk factors of CKD in Indian T2D patients. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate these associations further.
Biocompatible Sulfonium-Based Covalent Probes For Endogenous Tubulin Fluorescence Nanoscopy In Live And Fixed Cells
Authors: Lukinavičius Gražvydas , Auvray Marie , Koenen Tanja , Dybkov Olexandr , Urlaub Henning 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Fluorescent probes enable the visualization of dynamic cellular processes with high precision, particularly when coupled with super-resolution imaging techniques that surpass the diffraction limit. Traditional methods include fluorescent protein fusion (e.g., GFP) or organic fluorophores linked to ligands targeting the protein of interest. However, these approaches often introduce functional disruptions or ligand-associated biological effects. Herein, we address these challenges by developing covalent fluorescent probes for endogenous tubulin, a critical cytoskeletal protein involved in processes such as cell movement, division, and biomolecule trafficking. Using well-known tubulin binder cabazitaxel and cell permeable fluorophore silicon-rhodamine as a basis, we introduce a novel biocompatible cleavable linker containing a sulfonium center. This allowed the construction of the optimized probe, 6-SiR-o-C9-CTX, demonstrating excellent cell permeability, fluorogenic properties, and the ability to covalently label tubulin across various human cell lines. Importantly, the targeting moiety could be washed out while preserving tubulin staining, ensuring minimal disruption of tubulin function. This labeling technique is compatible with STED nanoscopy in both live and fixed cells, offering a powerful high-resolution imaging tool.
Review of Wing Morphology in Fossil and Modern Species of Humpbacked Flies (Diptera: Phoridae)
Authors: Herbert Mélanie C.M. , Nel André , Brown Brian V. , Arillo Antonio , Boudinot Brendon E. , Solórzano-Kraemer Mónica M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The wing veins of known fossil and living phorids are reduced, making them difficult to homologise. Consequently, different interpretations have led to much confusion over the years. However, veins are crucial for phylogenetic and taxonomy studies, especially for fossils. We addressed these challenges by studying Cretaceous specimens, which exhibit fewer reductions in wing veins compared to modern fauna, along with post-Cretaceous specimens that display recent wing patterns. Additionally, we examined related families such as Ironomyiidae, Platypezidae, Opetiidae, and Lonchopteridae to show wing similarities to the Phoridae. The results led to the proposal of two wing models that include the majority of veins found in each taxon. The early model (Phoridae sensu lato, including Sciadocerinae + “†Prioriphorinae”) consists of most Cretaceous species, except †Metopina goeleti from New Jersey amber, which displays a recent pattern. The recent model (Phoridae sensu stricto, i.e. Euphorida) is present in the majority of recent phorids. These newly proposed wing models facilitate rapid identification of Phoridae wing veins based on their degree of reduction. Based on this new interpretation, we re-evaluate three holotypes of Phoridae: †Euliphora grimaldii, †Prioriphora schroederhohenwarthi, and †Ulrichophora lobata. Additionally, we described a Phoridae specimen belonging to †Prioriphorain the Fouras-Bois Vert amber (France) and a new genus within the Ironomyiidae family in the San Just amber (Spain). Both findings represent the first record of these taxa in their respective localities.
Waiting List Mortality and Potential Risk Factors in Lung Transplant Candidates: A Single- Center Data
Authors: Saribas Ertan , Halis Ayse Nigar , Citak Sevinc , Kazan Ahmet Murat , Alkilic Fatma Feyza , Vayvada Mustafa , Cardak Murat Ersin , Tasci Ahmet Erdal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Lung transplantation (LTx) is a critical treatment for end-stage lung disease; however, the availability of donor lungs is limited. This study aimed to assess survival durations, mortality risk factors, and waiting list mortality in patients listed for transplantation at a single-center setting.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on patients listed for lung transplantation at Kartal Koşuyolu Specialized Training and Research Hospital between January 1, 2017, and May 1, 2023. The patients were categorized into five groups: Obstructive, Vascular, Suppurative, Major Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia (IIP), and others. Kaplan-Meier analysis, the log-rank test, and Cox regression analyses were employed to identify mortality risk factors.
Results
Of the 202 patients listed for transplantation, 66.8% (n = 135) were male, with a mean age of 42.9 ± 15.25 years. A total of 34.7% (n = 70) of the patients died while on the waiting list. The Major IIP group had the highest mortality rate (47.7%). Significant mortality risk factors included height, Major IIP and vascular group status, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAPs), ECHO TAPSE/PAPs ratio, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). A PAPs value of 52 or higher significantly increased mortality risk by 3.992 times. The vascular group had the lowest survival time (15.61 ± 4.98 months).
Conclusion
Donor shortages extend the waiting time for lung transplantations. Identifying the factors that influence waiting list mortality and survival is crucial for optimizing clinical management. The high mortality rates of Major IIP and vascular diseases emphasize the need for careful listing timing and risk assessment.
Quantra Q-plus Point of Care Coagulation Analysis Reduces Blood Product Cost Burden in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Spiess Bruce D. , Burger Melissa A. , Peng Yong G. , Garvan Cynthia , Kamyszek Reed W. , Landolt Luke P. , Arnaoutakis George 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: Despite long standing blood management guidelines for cardiac surgery, VET is underutilized, and fewer institutions employ new real-time operating room-based POC-VET. We evaluated the cost effects of POC-VET coagulopathy management at a single institution when the technology was implemented.
Hypothesis: The hypothesis was that POC-VET-guided reduction in blood transfusion, wastage, and pro-thrombotic pharmaceuticals generated cost savings.
Methods: 596 patients were analyzed from a time prior to POC-VET coagulation management and 253 after implementing the Quantra Qplus system (Hemosonics LLC). Blood component and pharmaceutical costs were estimated from available literature to develop blood acquisition costs, two models of total hospital blood costs and pharmaceutical costs. All models were standardized to 500 patients.
Results: Estimated direct acquisition costs of components were reduced by 16%, from $643,610 (Pre-PBM) to $540,500 (PBM-Quantra) per 500 patients. Estimated total hospital costs of transfusions were reduced between 17.5-18.3% (Model 1: $2,488,418 Pre-PBM vs. $2,053,900 PBM-Quantra; Model 2: $3,868,840 Pre-PBM vs. $3,159,525 PBM-Quantra). Estimated direct costs for blood component wastage were reduced by 86.2% ($175,000 PRE-PBM vs $24,195 PBM-Quantra per 500 patients). Estimated total costs for blood product were reduced by 86.2-85.8% (Model 1: $665,076 Pre-PBM vs. $91,941 PBM-Quantra; Model 2: $1,031,157 Pre-PBM Quantra vs $146,687 PBM-Quantra, all per 500 patients.) Pharmaceutical costs were reduced from $226,353 to $162,740 per 500 patients. Overall combined amortize savings per patient were between $635 to $3,315.
Conclusions: This study showed that adoption of the Quantra Qplus POC-VET resulted in significant cost savings of unnecessary transfusions, less ordering of coagulation components and pro-coagulant pharmaceuticals. Cost containment and effective allocation of limited resources such as blood component is paramount to PBM.
Predictive Modelling and Remedy Effectiveness for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease from Ultrasound Image Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: . Sushma , Kaur Mandeep 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The global incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) makes the creation of efficacious treatment approaches imperative. Purpose: In this study, use the ML methodology on data retrieved from a multicenter ERCP database to evaluate and predict the effect of different therapeutic modalities for NAFLD to maximize personalizing individual treatment regimens and response management. Method: Using a large, rich dataset of biochemical biomarkers, clinical attributes, and patient demographics, this study leverages several state-of-the-art machine learning models, in particular, the VGG16 model) to detect patterns and variables related to success in treatment automatically. Result: show that the VGG16-based strategy significantly outperforms other methods in determining the success of treatment, stratifying non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by severity of grade: I (5–33%) in mild steatosis, II (34–66%) in medium severe steatosis, and III (>66%). Aggressive Stromal Response estate costs facilitate the use of prognostic factors to predict recurrence after surgery. Conclusion: AI-based strategies can enhance understanding of NAFLD management and enable the creation of personalized nutritional and therapeutic interventions. The integration of artificial intelligence with NAFLD management appears promising, offering fresh insights into treatment algorithms for prevalent chronic liver disease. Future scope: This research should focus on expanding the dataset and adding more parameters to enhance the generalizability and refinement of prediction models.
Dynamical Behaviour and Applications of Master-slave Fractional-order Non-volatile Memristor Chaotic Hopfield Neural Network
Authors: Feng Binshuai , Liu Zeyu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In this work, a discrete fractional-order memristor is proposed and proven to be non-volatile, which can be used to model synaptic connections between neurons. Based on the proposed memristor, we put forward a novel fractional order non-volatile memristor chaotic Hopfield neural network, utilizing a time-scale-based difference method for decoupling. The dynamical behaviours of the suggested fractional-order system are analyzed through phase diagram, Lyapunov exponent, divergence, stability analysis of equilibrium point and bifurcation diagram. A master-slave system is constructed based on the proposed system, thereby achieving synchronization and a novel image encryption approach is proposed, grounded in the master-slave hyperchaotic system obtained. The experimental findings indicate that the encrypted image exhibits an approximately uniform pixel distribution and adjacent pixel correlations close to zero, making it robust to statistical analysis attacks. Furthermore, the algorithm demonstrates resilience to differential attack, information entropy analysis and chosen plaintext attack. As a consequence of the parameter sensitivity of the proposed hyperchaotic system, the proposed encryption scheme features a considerable key space.
Risk of hop viroids in citrus-based plant-strengthening products
Authors: Jagani Swati , Born Ute , Winterhagen Patrick , Schrader Gritta , Hagemann Michael Helmut 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Plant-based agricultural products, such as citrus peel-derived oils, are gaining traction as sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides. However, concerns remain about the potential transmission of viroids, particularly Cocadviroid rimocitri (formerly CBCVd), through these products. CBCVd poses significant risks to hop cultivation, causing severe economic losses due to its pathogenicity. This study evaluates the risk of viroid transmission, examining CBCVd, Hostuviroid impedihumuli (HSVd), and Pospiviroid exocortiscitri (CEVd) through orange oil using RNA extraction and RT-qPCR analysis. A detergent-based and a chaotropic RNA extraction protocol were tested, with the latter demonstrating superior performance in isolating RNA from orange oil-based formulations. Spiking experiments with CBCVd RNA confirmed consistent viroid detection in oil-RNA formulations. Notably, CBCVd and NAD were detectable in formulations with 90% RNA and 10% oil after seven days, suggesting RNA stability. However, viroids were undetectable in pure oil samples, indicating a low likelihood of integration during oil processing. Additionally, 32 orange peel samples were analyzed, revealing CBCVd in one and HSVd in seven fruit samples, but no viroid RNA or NAD was detected in the corresponding oils. These findings suggest that viroid transmission through orange oils is minimal. However, as orange oils are often formulated with water or surfactants, the hydrophilic nature of RNA may facilitate migration into aqueous phases, increasing transmission risk. Rigorous testing of raw materials and final products is recommended. This study establishes a critical framework for assessing viroid risks in citrus-based products for stringent phytosanitary controls.