bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrospinal fluid drainage and chronic hydrocephalus in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors: Wu Botao , Zhou Yang , Fan Hongjun , Liu Zhimin , Wu Wanyun , Chen Zebo , Yan Yong , Yuan Wen , Luo Wei 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundPatients with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) are at a higher risk of developing hydrocephalus and often require external ventricular drainage or long-term ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery.ObjectiveTo investigate whether cerebrospinal fluid drainage in patients with IVH due to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) reduces the incidence of chronic hydrocephalus.MethodA retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with aSAH treated at our hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. The first analysis compared patients with and without IVH, while the second analysis compared IVH patients with and without chronic hydrocephalus. The third analysis compared IVH patients who underwent in different drainage methods which is lumbar drainage (LD) or external ventricular drainage (EVD). The primary outcome measure was the incidence of chronic hydrocephalus.ResultOf the 296 patients hospitalized with aSAH, 108 (36.5%) had IVH, which was associated with a significantly higher incidence of chronic hydrocephalus compared to patients without IVH (49.1% vs. 16.5%, p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that IVH was independently associated with the formation of chronic hydrocephalus (OR: 3.530, 95% CI: 1.958–6.362, p &lt; 0.001). Among the 108 IVH patients, 53 (49.1%) developed chronic hydrocephalus. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the Hunt Hess grade at admission (OR: 3.362, 95% CI: 1.146–9.863, p = 0.027) and postoperative cerebrospinal fluid drainage (OR: 0.110, 95% CI: 0.036–0.336, p &lt; 0.001) were independent risk factors for the development of chronic hydrocephalus in IVH patients. Among all IVH patients who underwent cerebrospinal fluid drainage, 45 (75%) received continuous lumbar puncture drainage, and 15 (25%) received external ventricular drainage. Univariate analysis did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative chronic hydrocephalus (p = 0.283). However, multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that the drainage methods of LD and EVD might be associated with the development of chronic hydrocephalus.ConclusionThe presence of IVH increases the risk of chronic hydrocephalus in patients with aSAH, and postoperative cerebrospinal fluid drainage appears to reduce this risk. The specific effects of lumbar puncture drainage and ventricular drainage on the incidence of chronic hydrocephalus require further investigation.
Flow diversion for unruptured fusiform aneurysms of the proximal middle cerebral artery
Authors: Gai Yanting , Nuerdong Maimaitiali , Jiang Yicheng , Wang Wei , Pu Benfang , Xu Feng , Song Donglei 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundManaging fusiform aneurysms of the proximal (M1) segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is challenging due to difficulties in both surgical and endovascular treatment. In this study, we present our experience using flow diverter stents for managing unruptured M1 segment fusiform aneurysms.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of the database of our institution to identify all patients who underwent flow diversion treatment for unruptured M1 segment fusiform aneurysms. We collected data on patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, complications, angiographic follow-up results, and clinical outcomes.ResultsA total of 10 patients (five male and five female patients) with 10 unruptured M1 segment fusiform aneurysms were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 48 years (range: 16–64 years); five patients had aneurysms smaller than 10 mm, four had aneurysms measuring between 10 and 25 mm, and one patient had an aneurysm larger than 25 mm. The successful deployment of flow-diverting stents was achieved in all cases. Procedure-related morbidity was observed in 10% of patients, but there were no deaths. All patients showed good outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score of 0–1); eight out of 10 patients had available follow-up angiography results with a mean follow-up period of 11.6 months (range: 6–24 months). Complete occlusion occurred in six out of eight reviewed cases (75%).ConclusionOur preliminary findings suggest that using flow diversion for treating unruptured fusiform aneurysms in the proximal MCA is feasible and safe, with a satisfactory rate of complete occlusion. However, further studies involving larger case series are needed to validate the durability and efficacy of this treatment approach.
The effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) on lipid profiles and renal function in people with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Yazdanpanah Zeinab , Salehi-Abargouei Amin , Mozaffari Zohre , Hemayati Roya 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionDiabetic nephropathy is one of the most important microvascular complications of diabetes. Despite the modern treatments, herbs or medicinal plants have gained wide attention. One of these herbs is green tea (Camellia sinensis), which may have an impact on renal function, lipid profiles, and HbA1c. However, the evidence for this is unclear and limited. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of green tea on these parameters in type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM) with nephropathy.MethodsSixty-six individuals with T2DM nephropathy (aged 30–70 years) were randomly assigned to receive three cups of green tea/day (n= 22), two cups of green tea/day (n= 22), and the control group (n= 22) for 12 weeks. Lipid profiles, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and renal markers were measured before and after intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), least significant difference (LSD)post hoc, and analysis of covariance were used to compare quantitative variables.ResultsIn total, 64 participants completed the study. Consuming three cups of infusion green tea per day (7.5 gr) led to a significant reduction in serum levels of total cholesterol (p= 0.009) and HbA1c (p= 0.006) and increased in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p= 0.02) compared with the control group who did not drink green tea. However, no significant differences were observed for other variables.ConclusionIn general, it was found that drinking three cups of green tea infusion (7.5 gr) per day produced beneficial effects on some lipid profiles and HbA1c without any adverse effects on renal function in patients with T2DM nephropathy. More studies are needed to fully elucidate these findings.Clinical trial registrationIranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.irct.ir) under registry number: IRCT2014020114538N2.
Association between oxidative stress exposure and colorectal cancer risk in 98,395 participants: results from a prospective study
Authors: Gu Haitao , Li Bo , Xiang Ling , Xu Zhiquan , Tang Yunhao , Zhu Zhiyong , Jiang Yahui , Peng Linglong , He Hongmei , Wang Yaxu 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe intricate role of oxidative stress (OS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation is underscored by an imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants. Utilizing the Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) as a metric, this study aims to investigate the association between OS exposure and CRC risk, while also examining potential sex-specific differences in a large U.S. cohort.MethodsThe study included 98,395 adults from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. To construct the OBS, 14 dietary and lifestyle factors intricately associated with oxidative stress were quantified. A higher OBS value indicated a more favorable oxidative balance pattern or diminished OS exposure. Due to sex-specific differences in OBS, associations were evaluated separately for men and women based on Cox regression analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted to elucidate potential modifiers.ResultsDuring 867,963.4 person-years of follow-up, 1,054 CRCs occurred. The mean (SD) age and OBS were 65.52 (5.73) years and 14.09 (3.95) points, respectively. In the fully adjusted Cox model, we observed an inverse association between OBS and CRC incidence in women (HRQ5vsQ1: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.99; P for trend = 0.018) but not men. Subgroup analyses revealed the inverse association was more pronounced among women without versus with a family history of CRC (HRQ5vsQ1: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47–0.93; P for trend = 0.001; P for interaction = 0.001). The results remained robust after several sensitivity analyses.ConclusionHigher OBS was associated with lower CRC risk in women but not men; this inverse association was stronger among women without a family history of CRC. These findings suggest exposure to OS may confer sex-specific CRC risk effects, especially for women without a family history of CRC.
TSPO is a potential independent prognostic factor associated with cellular respiration and p16 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tuominen Sanni , Nissi Linda , Kukkula Antti , Routila Johannes , Huusko Teemu , Leivo Ilmo , Minn Heikki , Irjala Heikki , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Ventelä Sami , Sundvall Maria , Grönroos Tove J. 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundTreatment resistance and relapse are common problems in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Except for p16, no clinically accepted prognostic biomarkers are available for HNSCC. New biomarkers predictive of recurrence and survival are crucial for optimal treatment planning and patient outcome. High translocator protein (TSPO) levels have been associated with poor survival in cancer, but the role of TSPO has not been extensively evaluated in HNSCC.Materials and methodsTSPO expression was determined in a large population-based tissue microarray cohort including 611 patients with HNSCC and evaluated for survival in several clinicopathological subgroups. A TCGA HNSCC cohort was used to further analyze the role of TSPO in HNSCC.ResultsTSPO expression was downregulated in more aggressive tumors. Low TSPO expression associated with worse 5-year survival and was an independent prognostic factor for disease-specific survival. Subgroup analyses showed that low TSPO expression associated with worse survival particularly in p16-positive oropharyngeal cancer. In silico analyses supported the prognostic role of TSPO. Cellular respiration had the highest significance in pathway analyses for genes expressed positively with TSPO.ConclusionDecreased TSPO expression associates with poor prognosis in HNSCC. TSPO is a prognostic biomarker in HNSCC to potentially guide treatment stratification especially in p16-positive oropharyngeal cancer.
Renal outcomes in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease: a single center experience in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Monagel Dania A. , Algahtani Shatha S. , Karawagh Lian A. , Althubaity Wafa D. , Azab Sara A. , Haneef Deena F. , Elimam Naglla 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundSickle cell nephropathy (SCN) is a significant complication of sickle cell disease (SCD) with an asymptomatic onset in childhood and potential progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The clinical findings of SCN include hyposthenuria, hematuria, proteinuria, hyperfiltration, and CKD. Data on renal manifestation among patients with SCD in Saudi Arabia is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate renal outcomes in patients with SCD who visited a hematology clinic at the National Guard Hospital, Jeddah.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of renal complications in patients with SCD who are within 0–14 years of age and on regular follow-ups at the pediatric hematology clinic in King Abdulaziz Medical City-Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ResultsAmong the 140 patients with SCD, 99 met the inclusion criteria. The median age at diagnosis was 18 (1–108) months. Two SCD phenotypes were observed, with 82 (83%) patients having sickle cell anemia (HbSS) and 17 (17%) having HbS/B+ thalassemia. Of the total patients, 92 (93%) were administered hydroxyurea (HU), with a median starting age of 48 (9–168) months. The most common renal complication observed during routine urinalysis was hematuria (38%), followed by proteinuria (11%). After stratifying the sample into four age groups (0–3 years old, 4–7 years old, 8–11 years old, and 12–14 years old), the mean glomerular filtration rate (GFR) values were 96.16, 101.36, 112.69, and 120.11 ml/min/1.73 m2 respectively. Renal imaging revealed abnormal findings in 27 (29%) patients. The most common abnormality observed on US was increased echogenicity (43%).ConclusionSCN is a significant complication of SCD. In this study, we assessed the renal outcomes in pediatric patients with SCD. After analyzing the clinical findings of SCN, we concluded that the presence of renal complications in pediatric patients presented a progressive pattern.
Inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by oligoarginine peptides and polyamine-related compounds
Authors: Ojomoko Lucy O. , Kryukova Elena V. , Egorova Natalya S. , Salikhov Arthur I. , Epifanova Lyubov A. , Denisova Daria A. , Khomutov Alex R. , Sukhov Dmitry A. , Vassilevski Alexander A. , Khomutov Maxim A. , Tsetlin Victor I. , Shelukhina Irina V. 
Published: December 2023

Oligoarginine peptides, known mostly for their cell-penetrating properties, are also inhibitors of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Since octa-arginine (R8) inhibits α9α10 nAChR and suppresses neuropathic pain, we checked if other polycationic compounds containing amino and/or guanidino groups could be effective and tested the activity of the disulfide-fixed “cyclo”R8, a series of biogenic polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine), C-methylated spermine analogs, agmatine and its analogs, as well as acylpolyamine argiotoxin-636 from spider venom. Their inhibitory potency on muscle-type, α7 and α9α10 nAChRs was determined using radioligand analysis, electrophysiology, and calcium imaging. “Cyclo”R8 showed similar activity to that of R8 against α9α10 nAChR (IC50 ≈ 60 nM). Biogenic polyamines as well as agmatine and its analogs displayed low activity on muscle-type Torpedo californica, as well as α7 and α9α10 nAChRs, which increased with chain length, the most active being spermine and its C-methylated derivatives having IC50 of about 30 μM against muscle-type T. californica nAChR. Argiotoxin-636, which contains a polyamine backbone and terminal guanidino group, also weakly inhibited T. californica nAChR (IC50 ≈ 15 μM), but it revealed high potency against rat α9α10 nAChR (IC50 ≈ 200 nM). We conclude that oligoarginines and similar polycationic compounds effectively inhibiting α9α10 nAChR may serve as a basis for the development of analgesics to reduce neuropathic pain.
Factors associated with nonattendance at annual diabetes check-up in Ningbo, China: a case-control study
Authors: Li Ling , Chattopadhyay Kaushik , Li Xueyu , Yu Jingjia , Xu Miao , Chen Xueqin , Li Li , Li Jialin 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a grave issue in China. The annual check-up is recommended in clinical guidelines on T2DM. It plays an important role in monitoring and managing the condition and detecting and managing any comorbidities and T2DM-related complications. However, people with T2DM may miss the annual check-up, and the benefits of this check-up are lost. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with nonattendance at the annual T2DM check-up in Ningbo, China.MethodsA case-control study was conducted using the Ningbo National Metabolic Management Center dataset. Cases were people with T2DM who were alive but did not attend the first annual check-up, scheduled between 1 March 2019 and 28 February 2022 (n = 1,549). Controls were people with T2DM who were alive and attended the first annual check-up during the same period (n = 1,354). The characteristics of cases and controls were compared using logistic regressions.ResultsThe odds of being a female [odds ratio (OR) 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.50], alcohol drinker (1.26, 1.06–1.49), and with glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥7% (1.67, 1.42–1.97) were higher among case patients than controls. The odds of being a high school graduate (0.77, 0.66–0.89) and on standard treatments in addition to lifestyle modification (oral hypoglycemic drug 0.63, 0.42–0.96; oral hypoglycemic drug and injection therapy 0.48, 0.32–0.73) were lower among case patients than controls.ConclusionThe factors associated with nonattendance at the annual T2DM check-up in Ningbo, China were female sex, not a high school graduate, alcohol drinker, HbA1c ≥7%, and only on lifestyle modification. The study findings should be used for improving attendance at the annual check-up among people with T2DM in Ningbo.
My Diet Study: protocol for a two-part observational, longitudinal, psycho-biological study of dieting in Australian youth
Authors: Okada Mirei , Pehlivan Melissa J. , Miskovic-Wheatley Jane , Barakat Sarah , Griffiths Kristi R. , Touyz Stephen W. , Simpson Stephen J. , Maguire Sarah , Holmes Andrew J. 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSelf-directed dieting (i.e., unsupervised) is very common among adolescents and young adults but has had almost no direct research. This paper describes the protocol for the My Diet Study, a two-arm observational investigation of the natural progression of dieting among young people over a period of 6-months. The study aims to examine the links between self-directed dieting, general physiological and psychological metrics of wellbeing (e.g., depressive symptoms) and biomarkers of gut-brain axis functions (e.g., microbiome and hormones) that are predicted to influence diet adherence through appetite, mood and metabolism regulation.MethodsYoung people aged 16–25, intending to start a diet will be invited to participate in this observational study. For Part 1 (psychological arm), participants will be asked to complete a set of questionnaires and diaries at the beginning of every month for 6 months, to assess overall mental (e.g., psychological distress, disordered eating) and physical (e.g., weight) health, perceived diet success, food intake and gastrointestinal movements. For Part 2 (biological arm), a subsample of 50 participants will be asked to provide feces, blood and saliva for bio-sampling each month for the first 3-months of their participation in Part 1.DiscussionThe My Diet Study will be the first longitudinal, observational study of dieting in young people combining in-depth psychological and biological data. It is anticipated that the findings will yield psychological &amp; biological information about the impacts and effectiveness of self-directed dieting in young people, inform a framework for advice on safety in dieting among young people and help to establish the potential for biomarkers for risk management and improvement of diet-based lifestyle interventions.
Perceived stress and psychological disorders in healthcare professionals: a multiple chain mediating model of effort-reward imbalance and resilience
Authors: Tao Yuanling , Cheng Zhen , Wang Chenxi , Liu Ting , Yan Mi , Huang Xiaohong , Jian Shasha , Sun Li , Chen Zongtao 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundHealthcare professionals have shown more psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression due to the nature of work, which can cause job burnout, decrease the quality of medical services, and even endanger medical safety. The aim of the study is to explore the serial multiple mediating role of effort- reward imbalance and resilience between perceived stress and psychological disorders among healthcare professionals.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in China from February to April 2023. A total of 2098 healthcare professionals at a tertiary general hospital was investigated by the following self-reported questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI), Healthcare professionals Resilience Scale (MSRS).ResultsAnxiety and depression are interrelated (r = 0.362, p &lt; 0.01), and they were positively related to perceived stress (r = 0.640/0.607, p &lt; 0.01) and ERI (r = 0.422/0.383, p &lt; 0.01), and negatively related to resilience (r = −0.343/−0.320, p &lt; 0.01). After controlling demographic factors, the variance in anxiety and depression was explained by perceived stress was 37.7 and 35.0%. Bootstrap analyses examining the pathway of perceived stress-ERI-resilience-anxiety revealed significant direct effects [B = 0.560, 95%CI (0.528, 0.591)], as well as indirect effects mediated independently by ERI [B = 0.045, 95%CI (0.029, 0.060)], resilience [B = 0.031, 95%CI (0.017, 0.047)], or a combination of both [B = 0.004, 95%CI (0.002, 0.007)]. Similarly, in the path of perceived stress-ERI-resilience-anxiety-depression, significant direct effects were found [B = -0.310, 95%CI(0.265, 0.351)], along with indirect effects mediated individually by ERI [B = 0.033, 95%CI(0.013, 0.052)], resilience [B = 0.014, 95%CI (0.001, 0.028)], and anxiety [B = 0.218, 95%CI (0.190, 0.246)], or by both or three together (B = 0.032).ConclusionThis study proved the hypothesis that ERI and resilience played a mediating role in perceived stress and psychological disorders, revealed the potential mechanism of anxiety in stress and depression, and proposed a solution for perceived stress to psychological distress, which can provide a basis for the intervention of healthcare professionals in the face of mental health crisis.
Physical activity has a stronger correlation with arterial stiffness than strength, balance, or BMI in an older population
Authors: Hill Hannah , Elliot Catherine A. , Lizamore Catherine A. , Hamlin Michael J. 
Published: December 2023

Background: Arterial stiffness is associated with an array of debilitating health conditions. While exercise typically has beneficial effects on both arterial stiffness and overall health, more research is needed to understand the associations of different types of fitness indices with arterial stiffness.Aim: To investigate the relationship between balance, strength, cardiovascular fitness and physical activity with arterial stiffness (as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV)) in older adults.Method: Eighty retirement-village residents (24 males, 56 females, age: 78.2 ± 6.4 years, weight: 69.4 ± 12.5 kg, height: 162.9 ± 8.5 cm) completed the Yale Physical Activity Survey, PWV measurement, 30-s sit-to-stand leg strength test, hand grip strength assessment, 4-stage balance test, and a 6-min walk fitness test. The number of exiting risk factors (smoking, previous heart incidents, previous stroke(s), having hypertension, or taking anti-hypertension medication) were tallied. Pearson’s correlations were used to assess the relationship between PWV and health and fitness parameters. Results were interpreted using qualitative inference.Results: The number of risk factors (r = 0.57, p &lt; 0.001), age (r = 0.51, p &lt; 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.50, p = 0.001) had strong, harmful associations with PWV. Total physical activity minutes/week (r = −0.31 p = 0.01), total energy expenditure Kcal/week (r = −0.30, p = 0.01), and the 6-min walk test (r = −0.29, p = 0.01) had a moderate, beneficial association with PWV, while sit-to-stand (r = −0.27, p = 0.02) and balance (r = −0.27, p = 0.01) had a weak, beneficial association with PWV. Hand grip strength (r = 0.02, p = 0.94) and body mass index (r = −0.04, p = 0.75) had no significant associations with PWV.Discussion: All measured fitness indices had beneficial associations with PWV. However, having more risk factors, increased age, and higher systolic blood pressure had significant (harmful) associations with PWV in our older population.Conclusion: Controlling cardiovascular risk factors, especially high systolic blood pressure, is likely to have the largest beneficial effect on PWV. Improving general physical activity, including walking capacity, may prove beneficial in improving PWV in an older population.