bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Brown Fat Tissue Related Hormone Levels in Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Individuals with Obesity
Authors: Mutlu Hacer Hicran , Ada Saniye Koç , Uzunlulu Mehmet , Mutlu Hasan Hüseyin , Sargın Mehmet , Oğuz Aytekin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
One of the key functions of brown adipose tissue is its positive impact on metabolism. This study aimed to examine the potential involvement of brown fat-related hormones in the development of metabolically healthy obesity. Specifically, we sought to compare the levels of NRG4, FGF21, and irisin between metabolically healthy and unhealthy individuals with obesity.
Methods
Patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and aged between 20–50 years were included in the study. Among these patients, those who did not have any metabolic syndrome criteria except for increased waist circumference were defined as metabolically healthy obese. Age, gender, BMI, body fat, and muscle mass.matched metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese groups were compared in terms of FGF21, irisin, and NRG4 levels.
Results
Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese groups were similar in terms of age and gender. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of BMI, weight, total body fat, muscle, fat-free mass, distribution of body fat and muscle mass. No statistically significant difference was found between irisin, NRG4, and FGF21 levels between metabolically healthy and unhealthy individuals with obesity. It was found that irisin had a significant inverse correlation with BMI and body fat percentage.
Conclusion
The present study showed no difference between metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese individuals in terms of irisin, FGF21, and NRG4 levels. The weak association between irisin and BMI and body fat percentage may suggest a potential link between irisin with metabolic health.
HIF-1α is an important target for future research on the etiology and treatment of biliary atresia
Authors: Ruifeng Zhang , Duan Jianfei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose of the study: In this study, our objective was to discover and immunologically profile clusters of molecules associated with copper-induced cell death in biliary atresia (BA) by employing a bioinformatics approach. We conducted an analysis of the GSE46960 dataset, sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), to gain insights into the involvement of copper-related molecular clusters in the development of BA.
Study design: We conducted our study using liver samples collected from 64 children diagnosed with biliary atresia and compared them with 14 age-matched children suffering from other cholestatic diseases. Our investigation revolved around the identification of molecular clusters based on cuproptosis-related genes, while also examining the associated immune cell infiltration. To pinpoint genes specific to each cluster, we employed the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) algorithm.
Results: We identified dysregulated cuproptosis-related genes and observed activated immune responses in the comparison between biliary atresia and non-biliary atresia control groups. Within biliary atresia, we categorized two distinct cuproptosis-related molecular clusters. Our analysis of immune infiltration indicated notable differences in immune profiles between these two clusters, with Cluster2 displaying relatively higher levels of immune infiltration. Functional analysis further revealed that the cluster-specific Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in Cluster2 were closely associated with a variety of immune responses.
Conclusions: Our study provides a comprehensive depiction of the intricate relationship between copper-induced cell death and biliary atresia. Previous research has suggested a potential link between the activation of the HIF-1alpha pathway and the development of biliary atresia, and the findings presented in this paper lend support to this hypothesis.
Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Haregu Firezer , Wong Ningyan , McCulloch Michael , Lim D. Scott 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rigorous clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair (TEER) to treat severe secondary mitral regurgitation in adults with primary cardiomyopathy who have failed guideline directed medical therapy, as well as those with primary mitral regurgitation at high surgical risk. To date, there have only been three case reports describing this procedure in the pediatric population. We report a case series of four pediatric patients, including the youngest and smallest reported, who underwent this procedure.
Successfully Managed Alcoholic Ketoacidosis With Sepsis Leading to Mods: a Case Report
Authors: Roy Ishita , Roy Nilanjan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present the case of a 28-year-old male with a history of alcohol dependency and smoking, who presented with chest pain, shortness of breath, and altered sensorium. He exhibited severe metabolic acidosis, low platelet count, and acute kidney injury. Alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA) was suspected due to ketonuria, metabolic acidosis, and ketonemia, compounded by electrolyte abnormalities and radiographic findings of pneumonia. Prompt intervention included electrolyte correction, thiamine supplementation, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and diuretics. Thiamine played a pivotal role in the patient's recovery, with significant improvement in consciousness observed within a day. After six days, the patient was discharged in stable condition, showing normal renal and hepatic function during follow-up. This case emphasizes the need for early recognition and comprehensive management in AKA, highlighting thiamine's crucial role in treatment success.
From Siberia to Indonesia: tracking the migration of the Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis
Authors: Heim Wieland , Bourski Oleg , Shchemeleva Katya , Tøttrup Anders P. , Thorup Kasper 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Little is known regarding the migration routes of songbird populations breeding in Siberia. Here we provide the first geolocator tracking data for an Arctic Warbler breeding in Central Siberia and compare its movements with eight long-distance ring recoveries of this species. In autumn, the tracked individual migrated eastward to a stopover site in eastern Siberia, before migrating southward through Taiwan to its non-breeding sites in the Philippines and Indonesia. During spring migration, the bird spent at least one month at stopover sites in Mongolia, before migrating to its breeding site in June. Ring recovery data confirmed the movement between the Central Siberian breeding grounds and stopover sites in northern Mongolia.
Understanding the Value of Alleviating Health-Related Suffering and Palliative Care Centered in Lived Experience: The SAVE Toolkit
Authors: Bhadelia Afsan , Greaves Natalie , Doubova Svetlana , Knaul Felicia M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Health-related suffering generated by life-limiting or life-threatening conditions is a complex phenomenon inextricably linked with human experience. Most of this suffering can be ameliorated with access to quality palliative care that is not available in most parts of the world, especially low-resource settings. Some exploration of the definitional boundaries of and needs pertaining to health-related suffering suggests that patients and families assign importance to the compassionate and supportive aspects of palliative care. However, the value of alleviating health-related suffering to patients and caregivers has not been systematically studied and limited to high-income contexts. Comprehensive evidence can support the overall investment case for expanding access to palliative care worldwide. The SAVE (Suffering Alleviation and the Value of Experiential knowledge) Toolkit provides a protocol and qualitative instrument to examine the value assigned to suffering alleviation based on lived experience. Informed by literature reviews, deliberation of a global expert group on limitations of quantitative measurement of suffering, and piloting in two countries – Barbados and Mexico – the SAVE Toolkit can contribute to a body of evidence that is anchored by experiential knowledge of the illness trajectory to advance people-centered health policy and systems research. The Toolkit, a part of broader work in follow-up to the Lancet Commission on Global Access to Palliative Care and Pain Relief, incorporates guidance on qualitative evidence generation and its importance to understanding lived experience. Finally, implications for health systems responsiveness and high-value healthcare are discussed alongside opportunities for future research.
Inter-comparison of global precipitation data products at the river basin scale
Authors: Hu Xiaolong , Zhou Zheng , Xiong Haibin , Gao Quan , Cao Xiayu , Yang Xuhai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

While many studies have compared global precipitation datasets at national, continental, and global scales, few have evaluated these data at river basin scales. This study explored differences in precipitation estimates and trends of 12 widely applied precipitation datasets, including gauge-, satellite-, and reanalysis-based products, for the world's 6,292 river basins. Results showed that disparities between 12 precipitation datasets were considerable. A total of 3,125 river basins, with a land area of 5,989.1×104 km2, had differences in estimated annual average precipitation exceeding 500 mm yr−1, and these basins were mainly distributed in Greenland, Africa, Oceania, and West Asia. Disparities between the precipitation datasets were particularly large during the dry season when the percentage difference between the highest and lowest precipitation estimates exceeded 500% in 1,390 river basins (4,839.7×104 km2) expected due to numerical reasons. Differences in rainfall trends also varied markedly between data sources. The data products do not agree on precipitation trends for all river basins. These findings illustrate the importance of accurate precipitation data to ensure effective policy and planning in term of hydropower generation, domestic water supply, flood protection, and drought relief at river basin scales and highlight the uncertainty that exists in current global precipitation data.
Exploring Potential Biomarkers of Early Thymoma based on Serum
Proteomics
Authors: Jin Min , Liu Peng , Qi Guoyan 
Published: December 2023

Background::
Early diagnosis remains difficult because the early symptoms of thymoma
are atypical.

Objective::
This study aimed to analyze the changes of serum proteins in the early stage of thymoma
(stage I/II) by proteomics method and to screen and validate candidate biomarkers.

Methods::
Proteins were extracted from 8 sera patients with stage I/II thymoma and 9 healthy controls.
The levels of serum proteins were detected by data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative
proteomics techniques, and the differential proteins were identified. The proteomic results
were verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, differentially expressed proteins
were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC).

Results::
There were 80 differentially expressed proteins between the patients with thymoma and
the healthy control group, among which 39 were up-regulated and 41 were down-regulated. Differential
protein enrichment is involved in environmental information processing, signaling
molecules and interactions, and in the body system and the immune system. The analysis of receptor
working characteristic curves showed that the areas under the curve of CORO1A, SAA1 and
LTA4H were all larger than 0.8, indicating that these proteins had good diagnostic value.

Conclusion::
CORO1A, SAA1 and LTA4H may be new biomarkers for early screening of thymoma.
Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.: A Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and
Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Hop Nguyen Quang , The Son Ninh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Boesenbergia rotunda (the family Zingiberaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant from Southeast
Asia and China. Its parts, especially the roots, were used as an alternative in cuisine, and flavoring. Many attempts
tend to explore its phytochemistry and pharmacological values. The ultimate goal of this review is to
critically offer the pharmacological values and mechanisms of action of B. rotunda crude extracts and their isolated
compounds. Phytochemical investigation and pharmacokinetics were also discussed.On the basis of the
most effective keyword “Boesenbergia rotunda”, the relevant data have been gathered from international electronic
sources, including Sci-Finder, Google Scholar, PubMed, and reputation publishers. B. rotunda species
was reported to contain two main chemical classes of phenolics and terpenoids. Its constituents have great biological
values and spread out to drug development, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobacterial,
antioxidative, ani-viral, anti-insect, antidiabetic, anti-allergic, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective,
rhenoprotective, gastroprotective, skin protective, vasorelaxant, and aphrodisiac activities. Various pharmacological
actions were successfully proven by the underlying mechanisms. (–)-Panduratin A seems to be the most
active compound with an oral bioavailability of 7-9%. B. rotunda plant extracts are safe in use with LD50 > 4.0
g/kg. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that the metabolism of B. rotunda constituents may be related to the
oxidation and glucuronidation of its phenolic compounds. Further phytochemical and pharmacological studies
are expected, as well as clinical applications are urgently needed.
Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction (ED) among People Living with HIV in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Manshadi SeyedAli Dehghan , Pirdehi Ali Keyhani , Shahmohamadi Elnaz , Nezhad Malihe Hasan , Abbaspour Faezeh , Mahrokhi Sona , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad 
Published: December 2023

Background::
Sexual problems are rarely addressed in human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) management, even though overt sexual dysfunctions are more prevalent in people living
with HIV. This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) among HIVinfected
men in a stable clinical state, examine the relationship between antiretroviral therapy
(ART) exposure and sexual dysfunction, and identify the associated risk factors

Method::
This cross-sectional study recruited HIV-positive males who visited the Voluntary
Counseling and Testing (VCT) center of Imam Khomeini Hospital (Tehran) in 2020. The International
Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire was used to evaluate the ED in participants.
Sociodemographic and clinical data were also collected.

Results::
Of 65 patients who participated in this study, 27.7% had ED. The mean age of participants
with and without ED was 39.4±11.5 and 40.4±7.6 years old, respectively. No significant difference
was observed between patients with and without ED concerning the sociodemographic status
and the use of ART drugs.

Conclusion::
The prevalence of ED is relatively high among men living with HIV. Future research
is recommended among HIV-positive males to identify the underlying causes and explore the potential
impact that associated psychological distress could have on sexual dysfunction.
Quantitative HPLC-based Metabolomics Approach for the Discrimination
of Processed Rhizomes of Atractylodes Macrocephala
Authors: Hai Cao Thanh , Uyen Nguyen Thu , Giang Do Hoang , Minh Nguyen Thi Thu , Duong Hoang Thuy , Nhat Le Bui Thi , Thanh Nguyen Trung , Minh Truong Ngoc , Dat Nguyen Tien 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The current study presents a method for the simultaneous quantification of
atractylenolide I, II, and III, together with syringin, syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside and caffeine in
Atractylode macrocephala (AM) rhizomes. Contents of the metabolites, in combination with the
metabolomics approach, were used to discriminate AM rhizomes, which were processed by different
methods.

Methods:
An HPLC Agilent 1100 system with a Thermo Hypersil BDS C18 column (L × I.D. 250
mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0 µm particle size) was used for the quantification of the compounds in the AM
samples. The detection wavelengths were set up at 220 nm and 280 nm, respectively. A gradient of
acetonitrile and water was utilized as the mobile phase. From the quantification results, the process
AM rhizomes were discriminated using multivariate statistical methods, such as Principle component
analysis and Hierarchical clustering analysis.

Results:
The contents of atractylenolide I, II, and III, syringin, syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside,
and caffeine in the AM samples were simultaneously quantified. The linear range of each reference
compound was selected from 5 to 100 μg/mL, the linearity with R2 values varied from 0.9990 to
0.9997, the limits of quantification (LOD) ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 μg/mL, LOQ ranged from 0.2 to
2.6 μg/mL, while the intra- and inter-day recovery distributed between 96.0% and 104.8% indicated
the precision and accuracy of the quantification method. These satisfied the criteria FDA standards
for bioanalytical method validation. Multivariate statistical results revealed that atractylenolide I was
the marker of the alcohol presoaking samples, syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside, and atractylenolide
III were representative compounds for the terra stirring AM rhizomes.

Conclusion:
For the first time, six investigated bioactive compounds in Atractylodes macrocephala
were simultaneously quantified using the HPLC-DAD method. About 30 samples in four types of
processed rhizomes of A. macrocephala were discriminated using the quantification results in combination
with multivariate statistical methods. These results revealed a promising method for discrimination
and quality assurance of products from processed AM rhizomes.
Universal and Reversible Gate Design in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata
Nanotechnology
Authors: Sharma Vijay Kumar , Riyaz Sadat 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Growing progress in the field of nanoelectronics necessitates ever more advanced
nanotechnology due to the continued scaling of conventional devices. For the purpose of fabricating
current integrated circuits (ICs), Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) nanotechnology is the
most suitable substitute for complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The
problem of short-channel secondary effects at the ultra-nanoscale level confronts CMOS technology

Aims:
QCA nanotechnology overcomes the issues of conventional logic circuit design methods due to
its numerous advantages. This research work aims to design an energy-efficient, reliable, universal,
3×3, and reversible logic gate for the implementation of various logical and Boolean functions in
QCA nanotechnology.

Objective:
It is desirable for portable systems to have a small size, extremely low power consumption,
and a clock rate in the terahertz. As a result, QCA nanotechnology is an incredible advancement for
digital system applications and the design of future systems.

Methods:
This research article proposes a novel, ultra-efficient, multi-operative, 3×3 universal reversible
gate implemented in QCA nanotechnology using precise QCA cell interaction. The proposed
gate is used for the implementation of all the basic logic gates to validate its universality. The implementation
of all thirteen standard Boolean functions establishes the proposed gate's multi-operational
nature. The energy dissipation analysis of the design has been presented for the varying setups.

Results:
The proposed gate is area-efficient because it uses minimum QCA cells. Various logical and
Boolean functions are effectively implemented using the proposed gate. The result analysis establishes
the minimum energy dissipation of the proposed design and endorses it as an ultra-efficient design.

Conclusion:
The QCA cell interaction method demonstrates the best way to design a universal,
reversible, and multi-operative gate.
Formulation and Evaluation of Ion-Triggered In situ gel for Effective Ocular Delivery of Ciprofloxacin HCl and Olopatadine HCl in Combination
Authors: Shaikh Darakhshan A. , Momin Munira M. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Ocular in situ gels (ISG) are an adequate substitute to overcome the pitfalls of conventional eye drops as they acquaintance the advantages of solutions, including accuracy, dosing frequency, and ease of administration with prolonged contact with the ocular membrane.

Objective:
The present investigation aims to develop the ion-triggered in situ gel (ITISG) system for the convenient administration of Ciprofloxacin HCl (CFH) and Olopatadine HCl (OLH) in combination by employing gellan gum to prolong the pre-corneal residence, optic bioavailability and declines dosing frequency.

Methods:
The ISG material and critical quality attributes (CQA) were identified. Quality by De-sign (QbD) was established to optimize the formulation. Nine experimental formulations were de-signed (F1-F9) and assigned to distinct physicochemical and in vitro examinations.

Results:
Optimized batch F2 exhibited all the findings within acceptable limits. The Ion-triggered ISG technique exhibits maximum drug release over a 240-min cycle, much more significant than conventional eyedrops (60 min), suggesting sustained drug distribution and superior corneal penetration and absorption.

Conclusion:
Comprehensive findings of the present investigation conclude that the CFH and OLH would be effectively formulated as an ion-triggered ISG system to manage several draw-backs associated with prolonged release, ocular retention, and better corneal penetration com-pared with conventional eyedrops.
Design Aspects of Lower Limb Exoskeleton
Authors: S Arunkumar , M Sarath 
Published: December 2023

Aim:
This research work aimed at the design, simulation, and validation of a lower limb
exoskeleton for rehabilitation. The device can provide regressive gait training for patients suffering
from lower limb mobility disorders.

Background:
People suffering from mobility disorders, such as spinal cord injuries, and other related
diseases are in high proportion. Exoskeletons play a vital role in enhancing the lifestyle of people
with disorders. Devices that provide locomotion assistance and help in reducing the burden of therapists
through effective and repetitive gait training are in high demand. Exoskeletons have further extended
to the fields of the military to enhance the performance of physically abled persons. Prototype
development of lower limb exoskeletons is too expensive and many of them are patented. The requirement
for this system to perform human trials is subjective to several medical and ethical norms.
Thus, there exists a need to evaluate and validate the exoskeleton designs.

Methods:
In this work, the design has been made inclusive of different body shapes and sizes. The
device has been modeled in SOLIDWORKS and its structural integrity has been analyzed using the
ANSYS software. Later, the model has been subjected to environmental assessment and then motion
analysis using the ADAMS software.

Results:
The structural integrity analysis has revealed the design to be adequate to carry the applied
load as the stresses induced were less than the yield strength of the material. The sustainability
analysis showed that LLE made of aluminium alloy had less impact on the environment relative to
the other two materials.

Conclusion:
The kinematic simulation revealed that the angular amplitudes, the reaction force of the
right hip and knee joint, and the contact force between the shoe and the ground of the exoskeleton
agreed well with the experimental findings of the literature.