bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“A Composer Looks at His Lyricists”
Authors: Block Geoffrey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Early in this retrospective on his two durable creative partnerships, Rodgers writes that, despite their enormous differences on many personal and artistic levels, “each was a genius at his craft, and each during our association, was the closest friend I had.” Rodgers succinctly recalls his meeting with Hammerstein (and then Hart) and early collaborations with each, compares their contrasting work methods, and addresses their idiosyncratic creative with two of the giants in the field. So I decided to go to it alone, to write the words as well as the music for my next stage production, No Strings. I also did double duty for additional songs written for the remake of the film State Fair, and the movie version of The Sound of Music, and I have also written music and lyrics for a TV Andrae/es and the Lion. Creating my own lyrics has given me a new perspective on the problems of song-writing collaboration. It is, I well know, more difficult to write words than to compose the melodies. In musical composition, I work in wide, broad strokes. Lyrics are more like little pieces in a puzzle that must be carefully put together. But creating both words and music does have certain advantages. Geographically, it couldn’t be better; I’m always there whenever I want to meet me. As far as personal satisfaction is concerned, I find that there is nothing more exhilarating than to work on a complete song when I want to, and nothing matches the satisfaction of taking full responsibility for the complete product. There is a strange conflict-part loneliness, part fulfillment-that I feel in becoming my own partner. If I am successful at it, I know full well that it’s because some of the talents of Larry Hart and Oscar Hammerstein must have rubbed off on me.
America’s Phony War December 1941 To November 1942
Authors: Casey Steven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Reports from many points indicate a growing parallel between the attitude of the American public today toward the war and the attitude of the French public in 1939. The French knew they were at war and theoretically realized that an all out effort was necessary, but the war was something on the other side of the Maginot Line. The American public is losing its first up-surge of feeling after Pearl Harbor, and increasingly thinks of the war as something on the other side of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Long-term educational programs should correct this, but in the meantime specific steps should be taken from time to time to overcome the apathy in plants and elsewhere.
Hardening Thoughts, Unchanging Rhetoric March 1943 To June 1944
Authors: Casey Steven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Too many people here and in England hold to the view that the German people as a whole are not responsible for what has taken place-that only a few Nazi leaders are responsible. That unfortunately is not based on fact. The German people as a whole must have it driven home to them that the nation as a whole has been involved in a lawless conspiracy against the decencies of modern civilisation.
The Evidence
Authors: Wayne Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I first came across the murder of Duncan Skinner—stumbled across it, would be more accurate—more than twenty years ago. It was on a trip south to collect evidence for my doctoral dissertation, a study of how life changed on the plantations of the Natchez district after the Civil War. While searching through the papers of Alexander Farrar in the archives at Louisiana State University, I found a draft of the letter he wrote to Henry Drake in response to the questions raised at the hearing in Waterproof. Not that I understood what it was at the time or even gave it much notice; it was just one of hundreds of documents I photocopied back then, trying to gather as much in formation as I could before my grant money ran out and I had to head back north. As I discovered later, however, this particular letter was hardly typical of the mundane material I usually find myself reading. With its elements of class privilege, social striving, interracial sex, and violent death, it brought to mind a novel by William Faulkner or perhaps one of those overblown movies about the Old South that appear on TV from time to time.
Black Images, White Minds
Authors: Wayne Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Slavery in the United States—or to be perfectly accurate, black—slavery traces its beginnings back to 1619, when a Dutch man-of-war sold twenty “Negars” in Jamestown. This was twelve years after the founding of the colony. But Africans lived in the imaginations of English men and women long before settlement of the New World, indeed long before the existence of a New World to settle was known. Medieval authors, among them Geoffrey Chaucer, made references to blacks in their writings, drawing on the literature of ancient Greece and Rome as well as allusions in the Bible. And by the Middle Ages, Africa was the subject of many travel accounts, most an exotic mixture of fact and fantasy.
Rocks and History
Authors: Steinberg Ted 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Open a U.S. history textbook and glued inside the cover is the familiar map of the nation, as if the place were simply a given. But land is a much less settled issue than those maps suggest. While historians have spent a great deal of time examining how various immigrant groups came to America, they have spent almost no time considering how America itself—the land—came to be where it is on the globe. In this sense, our nation’s history began not in 1607 with Jamestown, in 1492 with Columbus, or even thousands of years before then whenever the first Paleoindians came here. Rather, American history got underway some 180 million years ago when the earth’s only continent, a huge landmass known as Pangaea, began to break apart.
A World of Commodities
Authors: Steinberg Ted 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Henry David Thoreau, despite his work as a surveyor, never believed that landownership conferred any true claim to nature. Indeed, he remained, in his writing at least, dead set against the worlds of both property and exchange. In one of his journal entries, he wrote of an encounter with a townsman where he condemned the idea of putting a price tag on nature: “Remarking to old Mr.
Moveable Feast
Authors: Steinberg Ted 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Had Thomas Jefferson, drafter of the Declaration of Independence, been alive at the time, he no doubt would have been delighted to see the “Liberty Bell” created for the 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago. It was quite a sight—6,500 oranges meticulously piled into a monument to freedom and democracy, courtesy of some deft souls from California.
Throwaway Society
Authors: Steinberg Ted 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The garbage wars began in the 1990s when New York City found that it was running out of room to store its trash. At first it may have seemed like a simple problem, nothing that could not be solved by a fleet of tractor-trailers carrying garbage to open spaces further south and west. If only Virginia’s Gov. James S. Gilmore had not spoken up. “The home state of Washington, Jefferson and Madison has no intention of becoming New York’s dumping grounds,” he declared.1 New York City Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani responded that accepting some trash was a small price to pay for the enormous cultural benefits that tourists from all across the nation experienced when they came to town on vacation.
Orthopedic Systems
Authors: Fossel Michael B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bones are the physical supports that keep us from being shapeless lumps of protoplasm, but they serve other, perhaps equally important, functions. They offer protection (the skull, spinal rings, and rib cage) to critical soft tissue organs, provide lever arms for muscle movement (most bones to some degree), and maintain storage depots of calcium, phosphorus, and other minerals for rapidly shifting and acute metabolic needs. These (and other) functions can be most profitably discussed from the standpoint of aging pathology. In aging humans, bones get brittle and prone to fracture (osteoporosis), while joints degenerate and become inflamed and painful (osteoarthritis).
Theater of Disorder
Authors: Wenegrat Brant 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are certain phenomena, such as hypnosis, hysteria, multiple personality disorder, recovered memory syndrome, claims of satanic ritual abuse, alien abduction syndrome, and culture-specific disorders that, although common, are difficult to explain completely. The purpose of this volume is to apply a model of social relations to these phenomena in order to provide a different explanation for them. Wenegrat argues that they are socially constructed illness roles or purposive behavior patterns into which patients fall while receiving either unintentional or intentional cues during interactions with caretakers and authority figures. The application of the social-relations model raises some important, yet previously overlooked, questions about these phenomena. It also illustrates some important aspects of human nature and consciousness, places illness behaviors in their larger, cultural context, and shows the way to a new and different view of mental life.
Theory-Based, Model-Based Community Practice
Authors: Hardcastle David A , Powers Patricia R , Wenocur Stanley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One way in which professional social work practice differs from nonprofessional practice is that social science theories, as well as a body of professional values, guide professional practice. With theory-based practice, social workers will presumably use similar interventions in similar situations to produce similar results. Under the clearest circumstances, the propositions of practice theory would thus take the form “If X occurs, or under X conditions, do Y,” and professional training would primarily involve mastering the theories and their applications. So, for example, a proposition might be: “If you encounter group resistance to a new idea, then identify an opinion leader and try to persuade him or her, outside of the group context, to adopt your idea.” In social work practice, however, situation X
The Nature of Social and Community Problems
Authors: Hardcastle David A , Powers Patricia R , Wenocur Stanley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The problem-solving process was covered in our first chapter (also see Hardina, 2002). Here we explore how situations become problems. Besides the external aspects of laws and social norms captured in the epigraph from Hentoff, we want to rivet the reader’s attention on internal perspectives that can help us be part of the solution. Defining and addressing social problems entails more than doing; it involves thinking, values, and discernment about culture and related concepts. Diversity is explored in every sense of the word as we present numerous examples of challenges that social workers must meet.
The Concept of Community in Social Work Practice
Authors: Hardcastle David A , Powers Patricia R , Wenocur Stanley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is hard to imagine a more elusive concept than the idea of community. Fraught with meaning, the word community conjures up memories of places where we grew up and where we now live and work, physical structures and spaces— cities, towns, neighborhoods, buildings, stores, roads, streets. It evokes memories of people and relationships—families, friends and neighbors, organizations, associations of all kinds: congregations, PTAs, clubs, teams, neighborhood groups, town meetings. It evokes special events and rituals—Fourth of July fireworks, weddings, funerals, parades, and the first day of school. It evokes sounds and smells and feelings— warmth, companionship, nostalgia, and sometimes fear, anxiety, and conflict as well. We all grew up somewhere; we all live in communities somewhere; we all desire human associations, some degree of belonging to a human community; we all carry around some sense of community within us. It goes deep into our souls (see Box 4.1). The elusiveness of the concept of community derives from its multidimensionality. Accordingly, for this book, we have adopted Fellin’s (2001) formal definition of communities as “social units with one or more of the following three dimensions: This chapter establishes the basic concepts, variables, and changes related to community life. The following two chapters examine ways of studying communities and methods for hearing community concerns. To change community, their parts, processes, and particularities must be understood.
Using Assessment in Community Practice
Authors: Hardcastle David A , Powers Patricia R , Wenocur Stanley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Some years ago in California, Erin desperately needed a job. Divorced, she had three children to support; a car accident had created even more severe financial difficulty for her. Somehow Erin wrangled work from the lawyer who represented her in the accident. Since she only had a high school education, it was an entry-level filing job. But this newest staffer at the law firm was a curious person, a thinking person, and she noticed incongruities in one obscure case. Her initial hypothesis was that something was wrong with the file itself.
Formative and Qualitative Research
Authors: Valente Thomas w. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Formative research is conducted before a program is designed in order to understand a population’s existing knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, values, motivations, norms, expectations, and practices. It ensures that (1) a promotional program is necessary, and (2) the messages created arc appropriate for the need identified. Although formative research does not necessarily have to be qualitative, it usually is. This chapter discusses how qualitative research is used to de sign programs and, in some cases, evaluate them. The perspective advocated here is that program designers should actively involve the audience in program creation and message development.
Process Evaluation
Authors: Valente Thomas w. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Process evaluation is the research conducted to understand a program’s creation, dissemination, and, in some cases, effects. Process evaluation is also referred to as implementation research. utilization research, and/or program monitoring. Process evaluation collects data to (a) document program implementation, (h) make mid-program revisions, (c) conduct outcome analysis, and (d) replicate the program. In sum. process evaluation “is concerned with documenting and analy1,ing the way a program operates, to assist in interpreting program outcomes, and to inform future program planning” (Dehar et al., 1993, p. 211).
Measuring Outcomes
Authors: Valente Thomas w. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter explains how to measure program outcomes. Data from the Bolivia National Reproductive Health Program (NRHP) mass media campaigns broad cast in 1994 through 1996 arc used to illustrate key points of the analytical procedures. Outcome analysis shows whether the campaign increased (1) awareness of family planning methods, (2) positive attitudes toward family planning, and (3) current use of a modem family planning method. These behavior change variables are often referred to as knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP).
Checklist for Ideal Rehearsals and Preparation for Complete Artistic Performances
Authors: Bartle Jean Ashworth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What makes a children’s choir performance inspirational rather than perfunctory? Why does one performance move us to tears while another may leave us only satisfied? How should a conductor sow the seeds for a complete artistic performance? It is in well-organized, thoroughly prepared, and dynamic rehearsals that the children become an artistic instrument and a vital rapport is established between choir and conductor. Only then can the music begin to touch the soul.
The Importance of Organization
Authors: Bartle Jean Ashworth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Spending time organizing your projects, your priorities, and your thoughts is one of the most valuable things a children’s choir director will ever do. All of us have the same amount of time—that is, twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, and fifty-two weeks a year. If we use our time judiciously, we will not only accomplish more, but we will also accomplish what is important. Stephen R. Covey, in his powerful books The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People and Principle-Centered Leadership, establishes quadrants in which to organize time, list projects, and prioritize them.
Things They Didn’t Teach You at Music School
Authors: Bartle Jean Ashworth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is one of life’s little ironies that a music director can spend a disproportionate amount of time on aspects of the program that have nothing directly to do with rehearsing, teaching, conducting, and performing the music—aspects of the program we were not particularly trained to handle. So many things we need to know have not been taught to us formally, and yet our programs will suffer if we fail to recognize their importance or learn how to deal with them with skill, tact, warmth, and humor.
Conducting an Orchestra
Authors: Bartle Jean Ashworth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Conducting an orchestra that is accompanying a children’s chorus is a thrilling experience. For a choral conductor it also can be a daunting experience. Regardless of whether it is a professional, community, or student orchestra, the choral conductor must take full responsibility for the success of rehearsals and performances. The following suggestions and ideas may be beneficial as you prepare for this role.
From the Children
Authors: Bartle Jean Ashworth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is perhaps fitting to conclude with some reflections written by the choristers themselves. Singing in a choir can have a profound impact on children’s lives. Their hearts, minds, and spirits are forever enriched by the many experiences they share.
Our work with young people encompasses far more than the music, as these unsolicited letters from former Toronto Children’s Chorus members attest:
March 4, 1997, is sure to be one of the saddest days of my life. That is the date I will sing my last TCC rehearsal. Over the past seven years, I cannot name another organization that has had such a profound impact on my life.
I can still remember the first time I heard the choir at a school concert. I thought of the whole choir as magicians, as they were able to produce such perfect sounds. I sat mesmerized, not so much as opening my mouth until the final chord. It was that day that music came alive for me. I suddenly saw the reason for all my piano lessons and found the activity that would bring me so much joy. I can picture my audition clearly.
The Structure of Linguistic Communication
Authors: Thau Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the last chapter, we saw that the information relevant to solving Frege’s puzzle is descriptive information and, hence, that the puzzle provides no motivation for the triadist’s view that non-descriptive modes of presentation are essential to the belief relation. This eliminates triadism from. the consideration; and, since descriptive Fregeanism is also false, the argument has led us to pure Millianism. However, it’s one thing to know where you’ve been led and quite another to believe that you can live there. As we have seen, any version of Millianism seems to have the fantastic consequence that competent speakers don’t know the meaning of many perfectly ordinary sentences.
Introduction
Authors: Graham Hugh Davis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the early 1990s, against a backdrop of economic recession and rising job insecurity in the United States, controversy over affirmative action and immigration policy intensified. For the first time since the two issues emerged in the 1970s, they were connected in the public eye. Especially in California, where shrinking defense contracts and heavy immigration from Latin America and Asia increased economic anxiety, opponents of affirmative action preferences and high levels of immigration linked their arguments. Native-born Americans unfairly suffered rising unemployment, these critics claimed, because by hiring immigrants, employers bought cheap and docile labor while satisfying minority hiring requirements imposed by the government.
In 1994, California voters passed Proposition 187, an initiative written to deny access by illegal immigrants to public schools, welfare assistance, and other public benefits. That same year, support for Proposition 187 helped California’s Republican governor, Pete Wilson, win reelection. In 1995, the University of California regents, encouraged by Governor Wilson, an ex officio regent, prohibited affirmative action preferences in university admissions, employment, and contracts. In 1996, President Bill Clinton signed a bill stripping significant welfare and health benefits from unnaturalized immigrants, and California voters passed Proposition 209, the California Civil Rights Initiative (CCRI), banning affirmative action preferences by state and local governments. In 1998, voters in Washington state passed a similar initiative barring minority preferences by government agencies.
Civil Rights Reform in the 1960s
Authors: Graham Hugh Davis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The story of civil rights reform in the 1960s should begin not with the reformers and their legislation but with their chief target, the Jim Crow system in the South. In their lifetimes they had watched segregation expand and harden its defenses against external attack. Foremost among their weapons was a liberal belief in equal individual rights and a vision of a color-blind Constitution. Since its founding in 1909 in an environment of national racial violence and southern apartheid, the NAACP had pressed relentlessly for a simple, radical remedy, lethal to Jim Crow, so that racial classifications would play no legitimate role in American public policy. Experience with segregation convinced liberals that racial designations by government, like the legal institution of slavery itself, were inherently pernicious and expansionist.
The story of segregation’s origins and development has been told in scores of books, some of them widely read, especially historian C. Vann Woodward’s The Strange Career of Jim Crow. For purposes of this study, however, two aspects of the story of segregation, as prelude to and target for the reforms of the 1960s, have not been well told or widely understood. One is the story of intended consequences, the story of segregation not only as white racist oppression, as a brutal assertion of racial hegemony of southern whites over blacks, but also as a story of conservative reform turned sour. It is a story of a new wave of race-conscious government policies, adopted between 1895 and 1915, whose intentions included not only the subordination of blacks but also the benign reformist goals of ending mob lynching, purging southern political life of corruption and violence, and educating the children of the freed men.