bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allogeneic umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell implantation versus microdrilling combined with high tibial osteotomy for cartilage regeneration
Authors: Jung Se-Han , Nam Bum-Joon , Choi Chong-Hyuk , Kim Sungjun , Jung Min , Chung Kwangho , Park Jisoo , Jung Youngsu , Kim Sung-Hwan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study compared cartilage regeneration outcomes in knee osteoarthritis (OA) using allogeneic human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUCB-MSC) implantation and microdrilling with high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Fifty-four patients (60 knees) were included: 24 (27 knees) in the hUCB-MSC group and 30 (33 knees) in the microdrilling group. Both groups showed significant improvements in pain and functional scores at 6, 12, and 24 months compared to baseline. At 24 months, the hUCB-MSC group had significantly improved scores. Arthroscopic assessment at 12 months revealed better cartilage healing in the hUCB-MSC group. In subgroup analysis according to the defect site, hUCB-MSC implantation showed superior cartilage healing for anterior lesions. In conclusion, both treatments demonstrated effectiveness for medial OA. However, hUCB-MSC implantation had better patient-reported outcomes and cartilage regeneration than microdrilling. The study suggests promising approaches for cartilage restoration in large knee defects due to OA.
Viewing angle, skill level and task representativeness affect response times in basketball defence
Authors: Vater Christian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn basketball defence, it is impossible to keep track of all players without peripheral vision. This is the first study to investigate peripheral vision usage in an experimentally controlled setup, with sport-specific basketball stimuli from a first-person perspective, large viewing eccentricities (up to 90° to the left and right), and natural action responses. A CAVE and a motion-tracking system was used to project the scenarios and capture movement responses of high- and low-skilled basketball players, respectively. Four video conditions were created: (1) a simple reaction time task without crowding (only attackers), (2) a simple reaction time task with crowding (with attackers and defenders), (3) a choice-reaction time task where the player cutting to the basket eventually passed the ball to another player and (4) a game simulation. The results indicated eccentricity effects in all tests, a crowding effect in condition 2, and expertise differences in conditions 3 and 4 only. These findings suggest that viewing eccentricity has an impact on response times, that crowding is a limiting factor for peripheral perception in sports games, and that high-skilled but not low-skilled players can compensate for eccentricity effects in real game situations, indicating their superior positioning and perceptual strategies.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Enhancing MPPT performance for partially shaded photovoltaic arrays through backstepping control with Genetic Algorithm-optimized gains
Authors: Naoussi Serge Raoul Dzonde , Saatong Kenfack Tsobze , Molu Reagan Jean Jacques , Mbasso Wulfran Fendzi , Bajaj Mohit , Louzazni Mohamed , Berhanu Milkias , Kamel Salah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
As the significance and complexity of solar panel performance, particularly at their maximum power point (MPP), continue to grow, there is a demand for improved monitoring systems. The presence of variable weather conditions in Maroua, including potential partial shadowing caused by cloud cover or urban buildings, poses challenges to the efficiency of solar systems. This study introduces a new approach to tracking the Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) in photovoltaic systems within the context of solar research conducted in Cameroon. The system utilizes Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Backstepping Controller (BSC) methodologies. The Backstepping Controller (BSC) dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the Single Ended Primary Inductor Converter (SEPIC) to align with the reference voltage of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) in Maroua’s dynamic environment. This environment, characterized by intermittent sunlight and the impact of local factors and urban shadowing, affects the production of energy. The Genetic Algorithm is employed to enhance the efficiency of BSC gains in Maroua’s solar environment. This optimization technique expedites the tracking process and minimizes oscillations in the GMPP. The adaptability of the learning algorithm to specific conditions improves energy generation, even in the challenging environment of Maroua. This study introduces a novel approach to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic systems in Maroua, Cameroon, by tailoring them to the specific solar dynamics of the region. In terms of performance, our approach surpasses the INC-BSC, P&O-BSC, GA-BSC, and PSO-BSC methodologies. In practice, the stabilization period following shadowing typically requires fewer than three iterations. Additionally, our Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technology is based on the Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) methodology, contrasting with alternative technologies that prioritize the Local Maximum Power Point (LMPP). This differentiation is particularly relevant in areas with partial shading, such as Maroua, where the use of LMPP-based technologies can result in power losses. The proposed method demonstrates significant performance by achieving a minimum 33% reduction in power losses.
Skin-effect-mediated magnetoionic control of charge transport in thick layers
Authors: Barough V. , Jamilpanah L. , Zare M. , Ghanaatshoar M. , Mohseni S. M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly developing area of magnetoionics (MI), which combines electrochemistry and magnetism, changes in the surface chemistry of magnetic materials in response to gate voltages cause dramatic modifications in the magnetic characteristics, resulting in low power-consuming charge transport tuning. Due to the surficial character, only magnetic thin films have been addressed for the MI effect’s role in controlling charge transfer. Here, we show how it can be used to regulate the transit of charges in bulk magnetic materials. This is accomplished by combining high-permeability magnetic materials with a high-frequency passing current, allowing the skin effect and the MI effect to control the magnetic materials’ impedance due to the impedance’s high sensitivity to magnetic permeability. Our in-situ impedance measurement and magneto-optical characterization show the role of redox reactions at the surface in controlling impedance in magnetic materials. This research paves the way for using the MI effect in high-permeability bulk magnetic materials.
The parieto-occipital cortex is a candidate neural substrate for the human ability to approximate Bayesian inference
Authors: Singletary Nicholas M. , Gottlieb Jacqueline , Horga Guillermo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdaptive decision-making often requires one to infer unobservable states based on incomplete information. Bayesian logic prescribes that individuals should do so by estimating the posterior probability by integrating the prior probability with new information, but the neural basis of this integration is incompletely understood. We record fMRI during a task in which participants infer the posterior probability of a hidden state while we independently modulate the prior probability and likelihood of evidence regarding the state; the task incentivizes participants to make accurate inferences and dissociates expected value from posterior probability. Here we show that activation in a region of left parieto-occipital cortex independently tracks the subjective posterior probability, combining its subcomponents of prior probability and evidence likelihood, and reflecting the individual participants’ systematic deviations from objective probabilities. The parieto-occipital cortex is thus a candidate neural substrate for humans’ ability to approximate Bayesian inference by integrating prior beliefs with new information.
Snowprint: a predictive tool for genetic biosensor discovery
Authors: d’Oelsnitz Simon , Stofel Sarah K. , Love Joshua D. , Ellington Andrew D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBioengineers increasingly rely on ligand-inducible transcription regulators for chemical-responsive control of gene expression, yet the number of regulators available is limited. Novel regulators can be mined from genomes, but an inadequate understanding of their DNA specificity complicates genetic design. Here we present Snowprint, a simple yet powerful bioinformatic tool for predicting regulator:operator interactions. Benchmarking results demonstrate that Snowprint predictions are significantly similar for >45% of experimentally validated regulator:operator pairs from organisms across nine phyla and for regulators that span five distinct structural families. We then use Snowprint to design promoters for 33 previously uncharacterized regulators sourced from diverse phylogenies, of which 28 are shown to influence gene expression and 24 produce a >20-fold dynamic range. A panel of the newly repurposed regulators are then screened for response to biomanufacturing-relevant compounds, yielding new sensors for a polyketide (olivetolic acid), terpene (geraniol), steroid (ursodiol), and alkaloid (tetrahydropapaverine) with induction ratios up to 10.7-fold. Snowprint represents a unique, protein-agnostic tool that greatly facilitates the discovery of ligand-inducible transcriptional regulators for bioengineering applications. A web-accessible version of Snowprint is available at https://snowprint.groov.bio.
Spatial functional mapping of hypoxia inducible factor heterodimerisation and immune checkpoint regulators in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Safrygina Elena , Applebee Christopher , McIntyre Alan , Padget Julian , Larijani Banafshé 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly malignant subtype of kidney cancer. Ninety percent of ccRCC have inactivating mutations of VHL that stabilise transcription factors, HIF1α and HIF2α, only stabilised in hypoxia. The varied response to HIF2 inhibition, in the preclinical and clinical settings, suggests that assessment of HIF2α activation state, not just expression levels is required as a biomarker of sensitivity to enable optimal clinical use.

Methods
Two-site amplified time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (aiFRET), with FRET-Efficiency, $$Ef$$
E
f
, as its read out, provides functional proteomics quantification, a precise step forward from protein expression as a tool for patient stratification.
To enhance the clinical accessibility of $$Ef$$
E
f
, we have devised a new computational approach, Functional Oncology map (FuncOmap).

Results
FuncOmap directly maps functional states of oncoproteins and allows functional states quantification at an enhanced spatial resolution. The innovative contributions in FuncOmap are the means to co-analyse and map expressional and functional state images and the enhancement of spatial resolution to facilitate clinical application. We show the spatial interactive states HIF2α and HIF1β in ccRCC patient samples.

Conclusion
FuncOmap can be used to quantify heterogeneity in patient response and improve accurate patient stratification, thus enhancing the power of precision.
An Approach to Explaining Formants
Authors: Story Brad H. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose:
This tutorial is a description of a possible approach to teaching the concept of formants to students in a speech science course, at either the undergraduate or graduate level. The approach is to explain formants as prominent regions of energy in the output spectrum envelope radiated at the lips, and how they arise as the superposition of vocal tract resonances on a source signal. Standing waves associated with vocal tract resonances are briefly explained and standing wave animations are provided. Animations of the temporal variation of the vocal tract, vocal tract resonances, spectra, and spectrograms, along with audio samples are included to provide dynamic demonstrations of the concept of formants.

Conclusions:
The explanations, accompanying demonstrations, and suggested activities are intended to provide a launching point for understanding formants and how they can be measured, analyzed, and interpreted. As a result, participants should be able to describe the meaning of the term “formant” as it relates to a spectrum and a spectrogram, explain the difference between formants and vocal tract resonances, explain how vocal tract resonances combined with the voice source generate formants, and identify formants in both narrow-band and wide-band spectrograms and track their time-varying patterns with a formant tracking algorithm.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25168202
Using multiobjective optimization to reconstruct interferometric data
Authors: Mus Alejandro , Müller Hendrik , Martí-Vidal Ivan , Lobanov Andrei 
Published: February 2024

Context. In very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), signals recorded at multiple antennas are combined to form a sparsely sampled virtual aperture with an effective diameter set by the largest separation between the antennas. Due to the sparsity of the sampled aperture, VLBI imaging constitutes an ill-posed inverse problem. Various algorithms have been employed to deal with the VLBI imaging, including the recently proposed multiobjective evolutionary algorithm by decomposition (MOEA/D) described in the first paper of this series.
Aims. Among the approaches to the reconstruction of the image features in total intensity from sparsely sampled visibilities, extensions to the polarimetric and the temporal domain are of great interest for the VLBI community in general and the Event Horizon Telescope Collabroration (EHTC) in particular. Based on the success of MOEA/D in presenting an alternative claim of the image structure in a unique, fast, and largely unsupervised way, we study the extension of MOEA/D to polarimetric and time dynamic reconstructions in this paper.
Methods. To this end, we utilized the multiobjective, evolutionary framework introduced for MOEA/D, but added the various penalty terms specific to total intensity imaging time-variable and polarimetric variants, respectively. We computed the Pareto front (the sample of all non-dominated solutions) and identified clusters of close proximities.
Results. We tested MOEA/D with synthetic data sets that are representative for the main science targets and instrumental configuration of the EHTC and its possible successors. We successfully recovered the polarimetric and time-dynamic signature of the ground truth movie (even with relative sparsity) and a set of realistic data corruptions.
Conclusions. MOEA/D has been successfully extended to polarimetric and time-dynamic reconstructions and, specifically, in a setting that would be expected for the EHTC. It offers a unique alternative and independent claim to the already existing methods, along with a number of additional benefits, namely: it is the first method that effectively explores the problem globally and compared to regularized maximum likelihood (RML) methods. Thus, it waives the need for parameter surveys. Hence, MOEA/D is a novel, useful tool to characterize the polarimetric and dynamic signatures in a VLBI data set robustly with a minimal set of user-based choices. In a consecutive work, we will address the last remaining limitation for MOEA/D (the number of pixels and numerical performance), so that MOEA/D can firmly solidify its place within the VLBI data reduction pipeline.
Erzählungen von Kindern mit Hörbeeinträchtigung – interindividuelle Unterschiede und Zusammenhänge mit lautsprachlichen Fähigkeiten
Authors: Hardebeck Lara , Ruigendijk Esther , Grandon Bénédicte , Licandro Ulla 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Erwerb der Erzählfähigkeiten ist ein wichtiger Teil des Spracherwerbs und eine Schlüsselkompetenz für eine erfolgreiche Bildungslaufbahn sowie für die soziale Teilhabe. Bisherige Forschungen zu den Erzählfähigkeiten von Kindern mit einer Hörbeeinträchtigung sind rar und heterogen. Daher untersucht die vorliegende Studie die Erzählfähigkeiten von Schüler*innen mit diesem Profil (N = 16; MAlter = 10;8 Jahre) anhand einer mündlichen Erzählung nach Bildvorlage. Sowohl auf makro- als auch auf mikrostruktureller Ebene zeigte sich eine hohe interindividuelle Variabilität. Darüber hinaus traten Zusammenhänge zwischen den Erzählfähigkeiten, dem rezeptiven Wortschatz und dem phonologischen Arbeitsgedächtnis auf. Die Ergebnisse erweitern den Kenntnisstand zum fortgeschrittenen Spracherwerb von Kindern mit einer Hörbeeinträchtigung im Schulalter und beleuchten die komplexen Zusammenhänge.
Klimawandel und vektorübertragene Infektionen in EuropaTeil 2: Zeckenübertragene Infektionen
Authors: Jung Laura , Schönherr Sebastian , Lübbert Christoph , Trawinski Henning 
Published: February 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie zunehmenden Auswirkungen des Klimawandels und globaler Umweltveränderungen haben erhebliche Konsequenzen für das Infektionsrisiko von vektorübertragenen Erkrankungen. Dies wirkt sich insbesondere auch auf die temperaturabhängige Aktivität und das Vorkommen von Zecken in Europa aus. Veränderungen in den Verbreitungsgebieten der Vektoren, verbunden mit einem gesteigerten Übertragungsrisiko durch verhaltensbedingte Faktoren, führen zu einem Anstieg der durch Zecken übertragenen Erkrankungen, darunter Borreliose, Frühsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME) und Tularämie. Insbesondere steigende Temperaturen und eine Zunahme der Luftfeuchtigkeit begünstigen die Vermehrung von Zecken. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist eine verstärkte Implementierung von Präventions- und Überwachungsmaßnahmen im Kontext zeckenübertragener Infektionskrankheiten von entscheidender Bedeutung.
„…nicht mal auf den Gang!“ – Das
subjektive Empfinden institutioneller Maßnahmen während der
Covid-19 Pandemie von Pflegeheimbewohnern. Eine qualitative
Studie.
Authors: Sanftenberg Linda , Hoerger Anja , Mayr Katharina , Nassehi Armin , Wildgruber Domenika , Hausen Anita , Janke Christian , Hoelscher Michael , Hindenburg Dagmar , Eidenschink Christine , Rink Laura , Sebastião Maria , Teupser Daniel , Kosub Helena , Zoellinger Isabel , Dreischulte Tobias , Gensichen Jochen ,   für die BACOM-Studiengruppe
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Im Rahmen der Covid-19 Pandemie wurden zum Infektionsschutz von
Pflegeheimbewohner*innen institutionelle Maßnahmen angeordnet.
Diese wurden im Hinblick auf ihre Angemessenheit kontrovers diskutiert. Ziel
dieser Arbeit war es, das subjektive Erleben institutioneller Maßnahmen
zum Zwecke des Infektionsschutzes während der Covid-19 Pandemie von
Pflegeheimbewohner*innen in Bayern besser zu verstehen und die Rolle des
Pflegefachpersonals und der Hausärzt*innen für die
Bewältigung der Krisensituation zu beleuchten.
Methodik Es wurden semistrukturierte Interviews mit Bewohner*innen
der stationären Langzeitpflege geführt. Die Datenanalyse
erfolgte mittels inhaltlich-strukturierender Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden in fünf Pflegeheimen zehn
Pflegeheimbewohner*innen mit verschiedenen Pflegegraden befragt, von
denen zum Befragungszeitpunkt fünf bereits eine Covid-19 Infektion
durchgemacht hatte. Die Befragten berichteten einerseits von ihrer
Schutzbedürftigkeit, andererseits von der erlebten Isolation
während der Pandemie. Betont wurde das Vertrauen in die Fürsorge
durch die Pflegefachpersonen. Ein verlässlicher persönlicher
Kontakt zu bereits bekannten Hausärzt*innen wurde hingegen
vermisst.
Schlussfolgerung Die Rolle des Pflegefachpersonals und der
Hausärzt*innen verdient mehr Aufmerksamkeit und ist
möglicherweise ein Schlüssel für die bessere Akzeptanz
und Bewältigung solcher Krisensituationen.
Welche Faktoren beeinflussen die motorischen
Funktionsveränderungen bei Schlaganfall-Patienten während einer
neurologischen Rehabilitationsbehandlung?
Authors: Rothacher Catherine , Liepert Joachim 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Identifikation von Faktoren, die bei
Schlaganfall-Patienten Einfluss auf das Ausmaß von motorischen
Funktionsverbesserungen während einer stationären neurologischen
Rehabilitation nehmen.
Methodik Retrospektive Analyse von 398 Schlaganfall-Patienten, die sich in
stationärer Phase C- Rehabilitation (Barthel-Index zwischen 30 und 70
Punkten) befanden. Veränderungen in 3 physiotherapeutischen
(Sitz/Stand; Transfer Bett/Stuhl; Treppen steigen) und 3
ergotherapeutischen (Essen/Trinken; Oberkörper Ankleiden; Objekt
Manipulieren) Assessments wurden mit den Faktoren Alter, Geschlecht, initialer
Barthel-Index, Zeit seit Schlaganfall, Aufenthaltsdauer; Therapie-Anzahl und
–Umfang, Ischämie versus Blutung korreliert und einer
schrittweisen Regressionsanalyse unterzogen.
Ergebnisse In allen Assessments zeigten sich signifikante Verbesserungen.
Die Aufenthaltsdauer und Therapie-Anzahl und –Umfang korrelierten mit
Verbesserungen von Sitz/Stand, Bett/Stuhl, Treppe und
Oberkörper ankleiden, zudem korrelierten Therapie-Anzahl und
–Umfang mit Essen/Trinken. Der initiale Barthel-Index
korrelierte negativ mit Sitz/Stand, Bett/Stuhl und
Oberkörper ankleiden. Alter und Geschlecht hatten keinen Einfluss auf
das Ausmaß der Verbesserungen. Der Vergleich Ischämie versus
Blutung ergab keine Unterschiede im Ausmaß der Verbesserungen.
Patienten<3 Monate nach Schlaganfall verbesserten sich stärker
in Sitz/Stand, Bett/Stuhl, Treppe, Oberkörper ankleiden
und Objekt manipulieren als Patienten>6 Monate nach Schlaganfall, waren
aber auch durchschnittlich 10 Tage (52 versus 42 Tage) länger in
stationärer Rehabilitation. Eine schrittweise Regressionsanalyse
identifizierte die Faktoren Physio-Termin-Anzahl und initialer Barthel-Index als
wichtigste für Veränderungen in Sitz/Stand und
Bett/Stuhl, Physio-Therapie-Menge und Zeit seit Schlaganfall für
Treppen steigen, Ergo-Termin-Anzahl für Essen/Trinken,
Ergo-Termin-Anzahl und Zeit seit Schlaganfall für Oberkörper
ankleiden und Ergo-Termin-Anzahl und Dauer des Aufenthaltes für Objekt
manipulieren.
Schlussfolgerung Bei Schlaganfall-Patienten ist eine
größere Therapiemenge mit stärkeren motorischen
Funktionsverbesserungen assoziiert. Alter, Geschlecht und Ätiologie des
Schlaganfalls haben keinen relevanten Einfluss auf motorische Verbesserungen im
Rahmen einer stationären Rehabilitation.
Multisite Thrombosis in a Patient with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Authors: Beckmann Lennart , Faizy Tobias D. , Flottmann Fabian , Fiehler Jens , Bokemeyer Carsten , Well Lennart , Beitzen-Heineke Antonia , Langer Florian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCase: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an extremely rare bone marrow disorder caused by acquired mutations in the phosphatidylinositol glycan class A gene, which lead to a partial or total loss of the cellular complement regulators CD55 and CD59.1 In addition to complement-mediated hemolysis and cytopenia, venous and arterial thromboses at multiple and/or unusual sites are a common complication and occur in up to 44% of patients in historic PNH cohorts.1
2