bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the necessity to include arterial pre-stress in patient-specific simulations of minimally invasive procedures
Authors: Ramella Anna , Lissoni Vittorio , Bridio Sara , Rodriguez Matas Jose Felix , Trimarchi Santi , Grossi Benedetta , Stefanini Giulio G. , Migliavacca Francesco , Luraghi Giulia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) are minimally invasive procedures for treating aortic valves and diseases. Finite element simulations have proven to be valuable tools in predicting device-related complications. In the literature, the inclusion of aortic pre-stress has not been widely investigated. It plays a crucial role in determining the biomechanical response of the vessel and the device–tissue interaction. This study aims at demonstrating how and when to include the aortic pre-stress in patient-specific TAVI and TEVAR simulations. A percutaneous aortic valve and a stent-graft were implanted in aortic models reconstructed from patient-specific CT scans. Two scenarios for each patient were compared, i.e., including and neglecting the wall pre-stress. The neglection of pre-stress underestimates the contact pressure of 48% and 55%, the aorta stresses of 162% and 157%, the aorta strains of 77% and 21% for TAVI and TEVAR models, respectively. The stent stresses are higher than 48% with the pre-stressed aorta in TAVI simulations; while, similar results are obtained in TEVAR cases. The distance between the device and the aorta is similar with and without pre-stress. The inclusion of the aortic wall pre-stress has the capability to give a better representation of the biomechanical behavior of the arterial tissues and the implanted device. It is suggested to include this effect in patient-specific simulations replicating the procedures.
A Dual Band 28/38 GHz Metamaterial Absorber for 5G Applications
Authors: Edries Mohamed , Mohamed Hesham A. , Ibrahim Ahmed A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA dual-band metamaterial absorber (MMA) for fifth-generation (5G) applications is discussed in this work. The suggested absorber works at frequency bands of 28 GHz and 38 GHz. The suggested MMA unit cell with a size of 5.8 mm × 5.8 mm (0.54 λ0 × 0.54 λ0 at 28 GHz) is designed on 1.5 mm (0.14 λ0) low-cost FR4 substrate and composed of two metallic ring resonators. The suggested MMA is investigated to validate its performance for different polarization for transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM). Both normal and oblique angles are studied. The MMA has a simple structure with a compact size. Different parameters such as the currents, electric field distributions, and normalized impedance are studied. The array of 10 × 10 unit cells is utilized to verify the simulated outcomes. The suggested MMA is fabricated and tested, and its outcomes are compared to the simulated outcomes. The MMA is operated at dual bands 28/38 GHz with high absorption rates of 98 and 98.4%, respectively, under the normal incidence for both outcomes. A good matching between the two outcomes is observed, which supports the MMA for 5G applications.
Developing an Artificial Intelligence-Driven Nudge Intervention to Improve Medication Adherence: A Human-Centred Design Approach
Authors: Sumner Jennifer , Bundele Anjali , Lim Hui Wen , Phan Phillip , Motani Mehul , Mukhopadhyay Amartya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To improve medication adherence, we co-developed a digital, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven nudge intervention with stakeholders (patients, providers, and technologists). We used a human-centred design approach to incorporate user needs in creating an AI-driven nudge tool. We report the findings of the first stage of a multi-phase project: understanding user needs and ideating solutions. We interviewed healthcare providers (n = 10) and patients (n = 10). Providers also rated example nudge interventions in a survey. Stakeholders felt the intervention could address existing deficits in medication adherence tracking and were optimistic about the solution. Participants identified flexibility of the intervention, including mode of delivery, intervention intensity, and the ability to stratify to user ability and needs, as critical success factors. Reminder nudges and provision of healthcare worker contact were rated highly by all. Conversely, patients perceived incentive-based nudges poorly. Finally, participants suggested that user burden could be minimised by leveraging existing software (rather than creating a new App) and simplifying or automating the data entry requirements where feasible. Stakeholder interviews generated in-depth data on the perspectives and requirements for the proposed solution. The participatory approach will enable us to incorporate user needs into the design and improve the utility of the intervention. Our findings show that an AI-driven nudge tool is an acceptable and appropriate solution, assuming it is flexible to user requirements.
Robust markers associated with floral traits in roses are suitable for marker-assisted selection across gene pools
Authors: Schulz Dietmar , Linde Marcus , Debener Thomas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe investigated the potential of markers associated with floral traits for parental selection in a cut rose breeding program. We analysed six Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers for three important floral traits, petal length, petal number and scent, derived from experiments in a garden rose population. The six markers were applied to genotype a collection of 384 parental genotypes used for commercial cut rose breeding. We phenotyped a selection of progeny derived from pairs of parents having either high or low dosages of (contrasting) marker alleles associated with these traits. Significant differences were found between the contrasting progeny groups for each of the traits, although parents with the optimal allele dosage combinations could not always be used for the crosses. This not only supports the robustness of these marker‒trait associations but also demonstrates their potential for commercial rose breeding. It also demonstrates the use of marker information generated in garden rose populations for cut rose breeding.
Giving thickness to the minimal self: coenesthetic depth and the materiality of consciousness
Authors: Fazakas István , Bois Mathilde , Gozé Tudi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractContemporary phenomenological psychopathology has raised questions concerning selfhood and its possible alterations in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Although the notion of the self is central to several accounts of anomalies, it remains a question how exactly the radically minimal experiential features of selfhood can be altered. Indeed, the risk is to reduce the notion of selfhood so drastically, that it can no longer account for alterations of experience. Here we propose to give thickness to the minimal self. To do this we first discuss Sartre’s phenomenological definition of coenesthesia as the translucent matter of consciousness articulating it with the notion of existential feelings. We then draw on the historical research on coenesthesia to dig deeper in this translucent materiality identified as the element of the body. We show that selfhood, even in its most minimal level, must be conceived of with a specific elemental thickness, corresponding to a phenomenological materiality of embodiment. We argue that a phenomenological reading of coenesthesia as the bodily element of ipseity can shed a new light on the anomalies of self-experience.
Strengthening global climate governance and international cooperation for energy-efficient buildings
Authors: Obergassel Wolfgang , Xia-Bauer Chun , Thomas Stefan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBuildings constitute one of the main GHG emitting sectors, and energy efficiency is a key lever to reduce emissions in the sector. Global climate policy has so far mostly focused on economy-wide emissions. However, emission reduction actions are ultimately sectoral, and opportunities and barriers to achieving emission reductions vary strongly among sectors. This article therefore seeks to analyse to what extent more targeted global governance may help to leverage mitigation enablers and overcome barriers to energy efficiency in buildings. To this end, the article first synthesises existing literature on mitigation enablers and barriers as well as existing literature on how global governance may help address these barriers (“governance potential”). On this basis, the article analyses to what extent this governance potential has already been activated by existing activities of international institutions. Finally, the article discusses how identified governance gaps could be closed. The analysis finds that despite the local characteristics of the sector, global governance has a number of levers at its disposal that could be used to promote emission reductions via energy efficiency. In practice, however, lacking attention to energy efficiency in buildings at national level is mirrored at the international level. Recently, though, a number of coalitions demanding stronger action have emerged. Such frontrunners could work through like-minded coalitions and at the same time try to improve conditions for cooperation in the climate regime and other existing institutions.
Biodiesel Production by Biocatalysis using Lipids Extracted from Microalgae Oil of Chlorella vulgaris and Aurantiochytrium sp.
Authors: Oliveira Joana , Costa Emanuel , Maia Dias Joana , Pires José C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicroalgae are lipid-rich microscopic eukaryotic algae that can be used aiming for more sustainable biodiesel production by employing environmentally sound processes. The present work evaluates biodiesel production using a biocatalyst and two microalgae species as oil feedstock (Chlorella vulgaris and Aurantiochytrium sp.). Lipid extraction was performed using different techniques, namely, Soxhlet extractions (8 h — both species) with different solvents (hexane; hexane:ethanol (1:1 v/v); and chloroform) and room temperature hexane extraction (72 h — Aurantiochytrium sp.). Transesterification occurred for 24 h (150 rpm), using 30 % lipase loading. The results showed that high extraction temperatures cause microalgae oil degradation, focused on unsaturated fatty acids, leading to a lower biodiesel conversion yield. Using Aurantiochytrium sp. oil, it was possible to obtain around 55 %wt. of biodiesel conversion yield using oil extracted at room temperature (6:1 methanol:oil molar ratio), whereas for the oil extracted in the Soxhlet apparatus, the biodiesel conversion yield was around 30 %wt.. The low lipid content (1.0 %wt.) and biodiesel conversion yield (up to 25 %wt.) obtained using C. vulgaris show that the biomass used in the current study has low potential for biodiesel production. However, enzymatic biodiesel production from microalgae represents a promising avenue for sustainable energy generation, offering a renewable and environmentally responsible solution to the world’s energy needs. For that purpose, further studies, such as the optimisation of the extraction and transesterification of Aurantiochytrium sp. oil, should be carried out.
Expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections in children
Authors: Zhang Xian-Li , Zhang Xi , Hua Wang , Xie Zheng-De , Liu Han-Min , Zhang Hai-Lin , Chen Bi-Quan , Chen Yuan , Sun Xin , Xu Yi , Shu Sai-Nan , Zhao Shun-Ying , Shang Yun-Xiao , Cao Ling , Jia Yan-Hui , Lin Luo-Na , Li Jiong , Hao Chuang-Li , Dong Xiao-Yan , Lin Dao-Jiong , Xu Hong-Mei , Zhao De-Yu , Zeng Mei , Chen Zhi-Min , Huang Li-Su 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading global cause of respiratory infections and is responsible for about 3 million hospitalizations and more than 100,000 deaths annually in children younger than 5 years, representing a major global healthcare burden. There is a great unmet need for new agents and universal strategies to prevent RSV infections in early life. A multidisciplinary consensus development group comprising experts in epidemiology, infectious diseases, respiratory medicine, and methodology aims to develop the current consensus to address clinical issues of RSV infections in children.

Data sources
The evidence searches and reviews were conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, using variations in terms for “respiratory syncytial virus”, “RSV”, “lower respiratory tract infection”, “bronchiolitis”, “acute”, “viral pneumonia”, “neonatal”, “infant” “children”, and “pediatric”.

Results
Evidence-based recommendations regarding diagnosis, treatment, and prevention were proposed with a high degree of consensus. Although supportive care remains the cornerstone for the management of RSV infections, new monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, drug therapies, and viral surveillance techniques are being rolled out.

Conclusions
This consensus, based on international and national scientific evidence, reinforces the current recommendations and integrates the recent advances for optimal care and prevention of RSV infections. Further improvements in the management of RSV infections will require generating the highest quality of evidence through rigorously designed studies that possess little bias and sufficient capacity to identify clinically meaningful end points.
Benthic graptolites (Graptolithina, Pterobranchia) in the Miaolingian (Cambrian Series 3)
Authors: Maletz Jörg 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBenthic graptolites (Graptolithina) were surprisingly common and diverse in the Miaolingian (Cambrian), but have rarely been described in detail. Encrusting and erect growing colonies already evolved and can be differentiated in early Miaolingian faunas. The Rhabdopleuridae with their encrusting colonies provide few fossils, but members of the erect growing, bushy colonies of the Dithecodendridae are more common, at least as fragments indicating considerable fragmentation and transport. In the Wuliuan, the benthic graptolites reached a considerable diversity at the genus level with at least 6 genera appearing in this interval. The most common taxon is the encrusting genus Sphenoecium with its robust colonies, showing a worldwide distribution. Most taxa, however, are known from few records and their biostratigraphical and palaeogeographical distribution cannot be established yet. Erroneously, the widely distributed Tarnagraptus with its conical thecae has often been misidentified as the Ordovician Mastigograptus, but differs considerably in its tubarium construction and both might not be closely related.
Increased PAFAH1B3 was associated with poor prognosis and T-cell exhaustion microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Genhao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe link between T-cell exhaustion (TEX) and PAFAH1B3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown, even though both of them are related to overall survival. PAFAH1B3 expression was investigated in TCGA and ICGC data, and 50 paired clinical tissue section samples were used for qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmation. The Immunocell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI) was used to precisely calculate the abundance of TEX, and its accuracy was verified by single-cell RNA-seq and labeling of CD8 + T cells in clinical tissue sections. The IMVigor 210 cohort was used to demonstrate the predictive value of PAFAH1B3 for immunotherapy efficacy. Increased PAFAH1B3 is a standalone effector of poor prognosis in HCC patients. Patients who had greater PAFAH1B3 levels had more TEX infiltration. PAFAH1B3 expression was increased in TEX in the single-cell RNA-seq data. Patients with high PAFAH1B3 expression were more likely to respond favorably to PD1/PD-L1 treatment. In conclusion, PAFAH1B3 is closely related to TEX in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and can be a useful indicator for PD1/PD-L1 therapy.
The validation of climate in the wine-growing region of the Western Cape of South Africa
Authors: Chauke Helga , Pongrácz Rita 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Western Cape province, home to the majority of South Africa’s viniculture, is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. This study validates the Co-ordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) temperature and precipitation outputs along with their vinicultural bioclimatic indices over the Western Cape for the historic period (1980–2000) as the first step to determining the ability of the models to accurately simulate future conditions. From the results, we observed that the output had a high agreement with observational data in the case of reproducing monthly average temperatures while precipitation outputs show high variability with moderate to high agreement. The performance of the models in simulating the vinicultural indices greatly depends on location with some models performing better than others. The results of this study will contribute to current efforts to understand the dynamics of climate change and viniculture in the Western Cape, where extreme events associated with climate change are already affecting farmers and potentially impacting the industry’s production and quality.
Note on minimization of quasi M$$^{\natural }$$-convex functions
Authors: Murota Kazuo , Shioura Akiyoshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor a class of discrete quasi convex functions called semi-strictly quasi M$$^{\natural }$$

♮

-convex functions, we investigate fundamental issues relating to minimization, such as optimality condition by local optimality, minimizer cut property, geodesic property, and proximity property. Emphasis is put on comparisons with (usual) M$$^{\natural }$$

♮

-convex functions. The same optimality condition and a weaker form of the minimizer cut property hold for semi-strictly quasi M$$^{\natural }$$

♮

-convex functions, while geodesic property and proximity property fail.
Studies on the Use of Laser Directed Energy Deposition for the Additive Manufacturing of Lightweight Parts
Authors: Zapata Avelino , Bernauer Christian , Celba Matous , Zaeh Michael F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite the numerous benefits of battery electric vehicles, their relatively short maximal range compared to internal combustion engine vehicles limits their attractiveness to the consumer. Implementing lightweight structures is one solution to reduce the mass of the vehicle, which in turn lowers the energy consumption and thus extends the maximal range. Additive Manufacturing processes, such as the Laser Directed Energy Deposition (DED-LB), offer great potential for the resource-efficient manufacturing of lightweight components because they allow producing near-net-shaped parts of variable sizes and geometries. Therefore, in this study, DED-LB was assessed concerning its use for the rapid manufacturing or modification of lightweight parts. The additive process was performed on EN AW 6060 aluminum extrusion profiles commonly found in battery electric vehicles and an AlSi10Mg wire was used as feedstock. The investigations included temperature and microhardness measurements. Furthermore, the effect of the deposition rate on the geometric quality of the part was investigated. The results indicate that DED-LB can be performed on thin-walled structures to produce defect-free components. Furthermore, the findings reveal a trade-off between a fast build-up and the surface quality of the parts. Notably, it was observed that the different deposition rates had no impact on the hardness of the produced parts. Further studies on heat management are needed to optimize the process for producing lightweight parts with improved mechanical properties.
Computer vision-aided DEM study on the compaction characteristics of graded subgrade filler considering realistic coarse particle shapes
Authors: Li Taifeng , Xie Kang , Chen Xiaobin , Deng Zhixing , Su Qian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe compaction quality of subgrade filler strongly affects subgrade settlement. The main objective of this research is to analyze the macro- and micro-mechanical compaction characteristics of subgrade filler based on the real shape of coarse particles. First, an improved Viola–Jones algorithm is employed to establish a digitalized 2D particle database for coarse particle shape evaluation and discrete modeling purposes of subgrade filler. Shape indexes of 2D subgrade filler are then computed and statistically analyzed. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to quantitatively investigate the effects of the aspect ratio (AR) and interparticle friction coefficient (μ) on the macro- and micro-mechanical compaction characteristics of subgrade filler based on the discrete element method (DEM). The results show that with the increasing AR, the coarse particles are narrower, leading to the increasing movement of fine particles during compaction, which indicates that it is difficult for slender coarse particles to inhibit the migration of fine particles. Moreover, the average displacement of particles is strongly influenced by the AR, indicating that their occlusion under power relies on particle shapes. The displacement and velocity of fine particles are much greater than those of the coarse particles, which shows that compaction is primarily a migration of fine particles. Under the cyclic load, the interparticle friction coefficient μ has little effect on the internal structure of the sample; under the quasi-static loads, however, the increase in μ will lead to a significant increase in the porosity of the sample. This study could not only provide a novel approach to investigate the compaction mechanism but also establish a new theoretical basis for the evaluation of intelligent subgrade compaction.
Road Blocks or Building Blocks? A Qualitative Study on Challenges and Resilience in Romantic Relationships of Youth Exposed to Family Violence
Authors: Lünnemann M. K. M. , Van der Horst F. C. P. , Van de Bongardt D. , Steketee M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRomantic relationships are an important part of many people’s lives and at least partly shaped by experiences during childhood. Youth exposed to family violence during childhood are more likely to experience difficulties in their later romantic relationships. However, a more holistic perspective on the romantic relationships of youth with a history of family violence is lacking. Using both theoretical and inductive thematic analysis, this qualitative study explored challenges as well as positive experiences within romantic relationships of youth exposed to family violence during childhood. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with 18 youth aged between 16 and 20 years, who were reported to child protection services. The narratives reflected that youth experienced challenges related to support, connection, trust, boundary setting, emotion regulation and conflict resolution. Furthermore, family violence during childhood seemed to be important in the emergence of these challenges, consistent with theoretical mechanisms described in observational learning theory and attachment theory. However, youth also described positive experiences in their romantic relationships and demonstrated an ability to learn from others (e.g., their current romantic partner) how to communicate effectively or solve problems. Therefore, with the right social or professional support, at-risk youth may be able to overcome these challenges.