bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Yolov8-based Approach for Fire Detection
Authors: Zhang Muxiang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Fire detection holds immense importance in ensuring the safety of individuals and assets. Enhancing the accuracy of fire detection is essential. This article focuses on the utilization and improvements of Yolov8 for fire detection. The improvements encompass three aspects. Firstly, there is an enhancement to the Yolov8 backbone network by integrating the Inception module. Secondly, a comparison is made between five attention mechanisms, such as CBAM and ECA et al., with CoordAttention performing as the most effective. Lastly, the loss function is optimized through a comprehensive analysis of different types of loss functions, such as CIoU and SIoU et al., with WIoU being identified as the top-performing option. The experimental results demonstrate that the Yolov8 model with three improvements has increased mAP50 by 2.45% and mAP50-95 by 4.38% compared to the original Yolov8n. Compared to previous models, such as SSD and Yolov7 et al., the performance metrics of mAP50 and mAP50-95 have exhibited notable enhancements, hence augmenting the precision of fire detection.
Cost-benefit analysis of large-scale land restoration in the Chinese Loess Plateau: evaluating the monetary value of ecosystem services
Authors: Chen Hao , Fleskens Luuk , Schild Johanna , Moolenaar Simon. W , ad Fei Wang , Ritsema Coen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Grain to Green Project (GGP) has significantly transformed land use and cover in the Chinese Loess Plateau, thereby enhancing ecosystem services. This study evaluates the dynamics of ecosystem service values during and post-GGP implementation and assesses the project's net economic benefit to refine future land restoration policies. We integrated observed land use changes and employed the CLUE-S model to simulate a 2020 land cover scenario without GGP implementation (2020 NoGGP) and three scenarios for 2030. By using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model and statistical data, we monetized ten ecosystem services for each scenario. Findings indicate a marked increase in the monetary value of ecosystem services from 2000 to 2020, with the 2020 NoGGP scenario showing a 57% (USD 2,385 million) decrease in value compared to the actual 2020 outcomes. The net present value from GGP suggests enhanced ecosystem services and monetary benefits. For the 2030 scenarios, our cost-benefit analysis suggests that afforestation provides greater economic returns than grass planting but is associated with lower water yield. These results support the continued implementation of land restoration projects like the GGP and highlight the need for a balanced approach to water provision and fruit production in future planning, as well as appropriate subsidy thresholds for farmers.
Assessing quality improvement through textbook outcomes in colorectal surgery: A systematic review.
Authors: Luis Hurtado-Pardo , Zutoia Balciscueta Coltell , Janine Tabet Almeida , MªCarmen Martin Diéguez , Manuel López Bañeres , Natalia Uribe Quintana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In recent years, an increasing interest about the evaluation and quality improvement have grown. Textbook outcome (TO) is a composite measure of several clinically important perioperative outcomes that are included in the definition of the ideal surgical care. The aim of this study is to evaluate and summarize the different definitions concerning textbook outcome in colorectal surgery. A systematic review of the literature according to PRISMA guidelines was carried out until August 2023. Primary studies on adult patients undergoing colon or rectal resection and assessing the textbook outcomes of the procedure were included. Seventeen studies were included for review. The percentage of TO achieved varied from 43–80.8%. The most prevalent variable were “no complications”, “no mortality” and “length of stay”, present in 14 studies (82.4%). The variable that contributed mostly to not meeting the definition of textbook outcome was “no complications” (41.2%) with 6 possible definitions. Other variables that were evaluated were: “readmission”, “radical resection” and “successful lymphadenectomy”. Textbook outcome is an easy-to-interpret quality assessment tool that allows monitoring and comparison of performance improvement. At the same time provide a more meaningful metric of care than individual parameters. As a result of the variability described in this systematic review, a consensus is to be reached in order to validate the extension of this tool in the area of colorectal surgery.
Study on the improvement of right ventricular structure and function after balloon pulmonary Angioplasty in chronic thrombotic pulmonary hypertension patients with different degrees of pulmonary arterial hypertension by echocardiography
Authors: Ding Shangwei , Cai Yantong , Lin Shitao , Lin Dongyuan , Qin Danmin , Yang Shuting , Zhang Yuanmei , Lin Weilin , Xu Nuojia , Wang Jiapeng , Guo Wenliang , Lv Jiachun , Liu Xiaoliang , Wu Xiaofeng , Hong Cheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: Analyze the improvement of right heart structure and function in CTEPH patients with different degrees of pulmonary hypertension after BPA treatment, in order to provide a basis for determining the effectiveness of BPA treatment, and to screen patients with different treatment effects and adjust the subsequent treatment strategies.
Method: The patients with CTEPH were selected for preoperative echocardiography, and the right ventricular systolic function parameters, pulmonary artery pressure parameters, left ventricular related parameters were measured; RHC were measured before and after BPA. Perform another echocardiographic within 24 hours after BPA. According to the results of RHC-mPAP before BPA, CTEPH patients were divided into three groups: mild pH, moderate pH and severe PH. Compare the changes in pulmonary artery pressure, right heart structure, and function among three groups of patients after BPA, and analyze their treatment effects.
Results: A total of 94 CTEPH patients were included in the study, including 30 mild PH patients, 37 moderate PH patients, and 27 severe PH patients. After BPA, TPVR was significantly reduced in all patients (P=0.029, P=0.002, P=0.004). RHC-sPAP, RHC-mPAP and PVR were decreased in patients with moderate PH (P=0.004, P=0.005, P=0.002) and severe PH (P<0.001, P=0.001, P=0.003); The PAD, RAEDA, RAESA, RVEDA, RVESA, IVCmax, IVCmin and CRIVC in patients with moderate PH were significantly improved. TRA and ∆PTR were also reduced (P<0.001, P=0.001); RAEDA, RAESA, RVEDA, RVESA, FAC, IVCmax, IVCmin were also significantly improved in patients with severe PH. However, patients with mild PH showed no significant changes in the RV volume and hemodynamic parameters. In all patients, RV systolic function parameters (TAPSE, S’, RIMP, RVFAC) did not improve significantly after BPA within 24 hours.
Conclusion: BPA has an ideal and rapid therapeutic effect on CTEPH patients with moderate/severe PH, and the therapeutic effect of moderate PH is better than that of severe PH, but not in mild PH; Rapid assessment of patient response after BPA could help screen patients with poor treatment outcomes to consider adjustment for subsequent treatment decisions. After BPA, the structural inverse remodeling of the right heart appeared earlier than the functional inverse remodeling.
Fast Camouflaged Object Detection via Multi-Scale Feature Enhanced Network
Authors: Zhou Bingqin , Yang Kun , Gao Zhigang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The aim of camouflaged object detection (COD) is to identify objects that are hidden or camouflaged in the visual scene. Since camouflaged objects have fuzzy boundaries and are very similar to their surroundings, the task of COD, especially multi-scale COD, is still challenging. Based on ERRNet, we proposed a multi-scale feature enhanced network (MSFENet). Specifically, we have developed a multi-scale feature enhancement module (MFEM), which adopts a coarse-to-fine manner to improve the ability of a single layer to represent multi-scale information. This module can extract more complete large-scale target feature information and retain much more small-scale target feature information and less regional background information. The experimental results on publicly available datasets show that our proposed MSFENet outperforms 10 mainstream methods. The ablation studies show that the proposed module is effective in improving the detection performance of multi-scale camouflaging objects and improving the overall performance. Compared with ERRNet, the average Sα, Eϕ and Fwβ scores scores of the MSFENet are 1.2%, 0.6% and 2.5% higher for the multi-scale COD task. In addition, the proposed MSFENet can be directly used for real-time detection due to its fast inference capability (i.e. 75.3 frames per second).
An Enhanced Cardiac Auscultation Approach for the detection of abnormal Heartbeat and murmur based on Multimodal Deep Learning
Authors: Jan Haseeb , Tang Chen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of global mortality, and timely detection is essential to prevent their detrimental outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as segmentation, feature extraction, and subsequent heartbeat analysis, present inherent challenges. So far, the published deep learning methods have been designed for a single category, either finding abnormal signals or detecting murmur. Furthermore, most published deep learning methods used heartbeats recorded from different auscultations as similar, such that they are from the same origin. However, the flexibility in designing deep learning models made it possible to analyze heartbeats from various auscultation locations as distinct signals and categorize them in multiple labels. Therefore, this research proposed a novel multi-input-multi-output hybrid deep learning model for heartbeat analysis. This innovative approach integrated a Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (BiLSTM) along with Dense layer as inputs and added UNet followed by Residual blocks as a backbone to find abnormal and murmured heartbeats simultaneously through multi-output architecture. The first four inputs used BiLSTM layers to extract temporal features independently from the four auscultation locations. The fifth input analyzed the patient's gender through the Dense layer and supported the model by focusing on gender while analyzing heartbeats. The UNet architecture transformed the temporal features into the required or more suitable format, and the Residual blocks managed the model's depth. Finally, all five networks combined and simultaneously classified the patient's heartbeats into two binary categories, providing information that either the signal was normal or the heartbeat had murmured. The Circor DigiScope dataset had missing features and, therefore, was unsuitable for experimentation. Thus, the dataset was modified by excluding samples lacking audio from essential auscultation sites. The proposed model, trained using the K-Fold cross-validation strategy, provided 95% accuracy and avoided overfitting on a small dataset. Therefore, the MIMO strategy provided an in-depth interpretation of cardiac signals by analyzing each signal separately through multiple perspectives. Consequently, it achieved better results and set the stage for future deep-learning algorithms in this domain. Furthermore, using less preprocessing and relying on the flexibility of deep learning algorithms underscored the model's potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy in real-world clinical scenarios.
Intraoperative central venous pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass is an alternative indicator for early prediction of acute kidney injury in adult cardiac surgery
Authors: Wang Lei , Hu Lanxin , Wang ZhenHong , Chen Xin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
The relationship between venous congestion in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and acute kidney injury (AKI) in cardiac surgery has not utterly substantiated. Central venous pressure(CVP) on cardiovascular disease patients in operation needs to be explored. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CVP in CPB and the occurrence of AKI.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 2048 consecutive patients with cardiovascular disease undergoing cardiac procedure with CPB from January 2018 to December 2022. We used the median CVP value obtained during CPB for our analysis and patients were grouped according to this parameter. The primary outcomes were AKI and renal replacement therapy(RRT). Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between CVP and adverse of kidney.
Results
A total of 2048 patients were enrolled in our study and divided into high CVP group (CVP ≥ 6.5 mmHg) and low CVP group (CVP < 6.5 mmHg) according to the median CVP value. Patients in high CVP group had the high AKI and RRT rate when compared to the low CVPgroup[(367/912,40.24%)vs.(408/1136,35.92%),P = 0.045;(16/912,1.75%vs.9/1136;0.79%), P = 0.049]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis displayed CVP played an indispensable part in development of renal failure in surgical.
Conclusions
Elevated CVP(≥ 6.5mmH2OmmHg) in CPB during cardiac operation is associated with an increased risk of AKI in cardiovascular surgery patients. Clinical attention should be paid to the potential role of CVP in predicting the occurrence of AKI.
Effect of highway greenbelt constrution on groundwater flow in a semi-arid region
Authors: Xia Manhong , Dong Shaogang , Ma Mingyan , Li Lu , Jiang Chengcheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The highway greenbelt, vigorously promoted in arid and semi-arid areas, has obvious impacts on beautifying the environment, absorbing dust, reducing noise, and maintaining soil and water. Moreover, it affects the characteristics of how water resources are distributed and the regional groundwater cycle. The Hu-Bao highway greenbelt in the northern Tumochuan Plain served as an example in this study. Based on fully grasping the characteristics of the regional groundwater system, we used the 3S classification method and combine the relevant formulas, such as ET0, to calculate the evapotranspiration and water consumption of the green belt and quantitatively analyze the impact of highway greenbelt construction on the regional groundwater cycle. The results indicated that trees, shrubs, and grasses, accounting for 42.17% of the research area, are the predominant plant types in the greening construction area. The area of shrubs is the highest, reaching 17.29%; followed by trees, occupying 15.18%. Grasslands is the smallest, accounting for 9.7%；During the growth season, the total evapotranspiration water consumption in the green belt is 471.35×104m3, whereas trees, shrubs and grasslands is 182.27×104m3, 211.14×104m3,77.94×104m3, respectively. The groundwater recharge in the study area mainly originated from the mountain front lateral recharge, and the main discharge was the evapotranspiration water consumption of green belts. The latter accounts for 3.31 percent of the former. It is obvious that the construction of highway greenbelts has a substantial impact on the distribution of groundwater resources, and long-term evapotranspiration will cause groundwater levels to decline and the amount of accessible water resources to decrease.
Up-regulation of MDSCs accumulation and Th2 biased response to co-stimulation of CsESP from Clonorchis sinensis and HBeAg in vitro
Authors: Liu Qiannan , Wang Nian , Sun Hengchang , Dong Huimin , Li Xuerong , Yu Xinbing , Huang Yan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Co-infection with Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) are commonly observed in endemic areas of Clonorchiasis. Our previous analysis demonstrated that C. sinensis and HBV coinfection could affect Th1/Th2 cytokines production and C. sinensis infection might aggravate the disease state of HBV infection. The immune mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of co-infection are worthy of investigation.
Methods
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are associated with chronic inflammation. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the key link between innate and adaptive immunity. The excretory-secretory products from C. sinensis (CsESP) play key roles in interaction between the worm and the host. Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is thought to contribute to viral persistence by decreasing the innate and adaptive immune response. So that the response of immune cells to CsESP and HBeAg co-stimulation in vitro were explored in the current study. Bone marrow (BM) cells were stimulated by GM-CSF and IL-4 and then co-incubation with CsESP and HBeAg in vitro. MDSCs accumulation, surface costimulatory molecules and cytokines release of BM derived DCs (BMDCs), and the consequent effectors on Th1/Th2 polarization to the co-stimulated BMDCs were analyzed by flow cytometry and ELISA. In addition, pattern recognition receptors on the surface of BMDCs in co-stimulation were detected by real-time PCR.
Results
Compared with CsESP or HBeAg alone, co-stimulation dominantly promoted MDSCs accumulation. Co-stimulation significantly downregulated the expression of CD80 and CD86, and reduced IL-12p70 release while augmented IL-10 levels of BMDCs. Higher transcription levels of mannose receptor (MR) while lower mRNA level of toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4) were detected among membrane receptors of BMDCs with co-treatment. In addition, after CD4 naïve T cells were stimulated by LPS-treated BMDCs with CsESP and HBeAg, the proportion of CD4+IL-4+ T cells and IL-4 increased, while CD4+INF-γ+ T cells percentage and INF-γ down-regulated.
Conclusions
CsESP and HBeAg co-incubation more distinctly promoted MDSCs, suppressed maturation of BMDCs highly possible by up-regulation of MR and down-regulation of TLR-4 of BMDCs, and successively induce Th2 immune skewing. Our work laid the cornerstone to further clarify immune responses during the co-infection contributing to the better precise treatment and progression assessment of co-infection patients.
Assessing sustainability of plastic recycling technologies through Key Performance Indicators from a value chain perspective
Authors: Flores Andrea Carrascosa , Murillo José Carlos Díaz , Sangros Aitor Alcrudo , Jarauta Clara 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Circular economy initiatives aim to close material loops within an organization and between the different actors in a value chain. The approach of assessing environmental, economic and social impacts throughout different sectors in a value chain can become complex, but the use of life cycle thinking and the Triple Bottom Line approach help correctly evaluate sustainability. Furthermore, the complexity of technological innovations focused on improving the sustainability of value chains requires solutions that help measure, quantify, and evaluate their life cycle more dynamically and precisely. This paper proposes a sustainability assessment of such complex value chains for the circular economy, considering a set of Key Performance Indicators and a calculation platform that facilitates their validation and, thus, decision-making according to the sector's preferences. The case under study assesses the sustainability of a plastic waste value chain, which aims to apply a microwave-assisted pyrolysis recycling technology to improve its circularity. Firstly, a literature review on sustainability Key Performance Indicators is carried out, from which several are selected and prioritized through a multi-criteria decision-making methodology, allowing aggregation and combination of information. A prioritized selection of Key Performance Indicators is presented along with their formulas and indications for input into the calculation platform to anticipate issues such as data gaps that can arise from the different contributions from the plastic value chain actors involved.
From Efficacy to Effectiveness: a Comprehensive Framework for Monitoring, Evaluating and Optimising Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention Programmes
Authors: de Cola Monica Anna , Chestnutt Elisabeth G , Richardson Sol , Baudry Matthieu , Nnaji Chuks , Ibinaiye Taiwo , Moukénet Azoukalné , Sawadogo Benoît , Okafor Joshua , Compaoré Cheick Saïd , Oguoma Chibuzo , Rassi Christian , Feltrer Arantxa , Rotimi Kunle 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) is a highly effective intervention for preventing malaria, particularly in areas with highly seasonal transmission. Monitoring and evaluating (M&E) SMC programmes are complex due to the scale, time-sensitive delivery of the programme, and influence of external factors. Here we present a comprehensive M&E framework tailored specifically for the SMC context. The Framework was developed through a literature and programme review, and stakeholder dialogues across three implementing countries – Burkina Faso, Chad, and Nigeria. Expert consultation further refined the Framework through an iterative approach drawing upon data collected through the three sources. The Framework was designed using the Logical Framework Approach incorporating external factors and intentionally aligned with global malaria M&E standards.
Results
An overall aim and seven programme objectives were developed measured by 71 indicators. The indicators also capture the causal links between the implementation, and results of the programme. The Framework leverages the use of current data sources and existing mechanisms, ensuring efficient data use without requiring a significant increase in resources for overall programme optimisation. It also promotes the use of data triangulation, and stratification for a more nuanced understanding of factors affecting programme performance and timely data informed decision making.
Conclusions
The SMC M&E Framework presented here provides a standardised approach for programme implementers to enhance decision making for optimal programme performance. This is an essential tool as the scope of SMC programmes expands to new geographies and target age groups.
Frequent disturbances enhanced the resilience of past human populations
Authors: Riris Philip , Silva Fabio , Crema Enrico , Palmisano Alessio , Robinson Erick , Siegel Peter , French Jennifer , Jørgensen Erlend Kirkeng , Maezumi S. Yoshi , Solheim Steinar , Bates Jennifer , Davies Benjamin , Oh Yongje , Ren Xiaolin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The record of past human adaptations provides crucial lessons for guiding responses to crises in the future. To date, there have been no systematic global comparisons of humans’ ability to absorb and recover from disturbances through time. We present results of the first attempt to synthesise resilience across a broad sample of prehistoric population time frequency data, spanning 30,000 years of human history. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of population decline show that frequent disturbances enhance a population’s capacity to resist and recover from later downturns. Land use patterns are important mediators of the strength of this positive association: farming and herding societies are more vulnerable but also more resilient overall. The results show that important trade-offs exist when adopting novel or alternate land use strategies.