bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrological modeling of the Silala River basin. 2. Validation of hydrological fluxes with contemporary data
Authors: Yáñez‐Morroni Gonzalo , Suárez Francisco , Muñoz José F. , Lagos Magdalena Sofía 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA companion paper in this Special Issue reviewed the development of a hydrological model of the Silala River basin, using long‐term data (1969–1992) to determine the basin's water balance and plausible groundwater recharge scenarios. In the context of a remote river basin with limited in situ data, this article reviews the potential of in situ and remotely collected data, available for a relatively short period (2018–2019), to validate various aspects of the hydrological model performance. These include the spatiotemporal evolution of snow cover areal fraction (SCF), actual evapotranspiration (ETa) in the basin's extensive alluvial deposits, and wetland ETa. The observed SCF dynamics are well represented by the model at annual and monthly timescales, with monthly mean simulated SCF biases between −5.6% and 8%. At daily timescales, the model successfully captures snowstorm occurrence, although there are limitations on snow spatial patterning. Simulated ETa over alluvial deposits agrees with in situ observations during periods of high ETa, although the simulated values underestimate site‐specific observations during low ETa periods, due to the presence of lateral subsurface flows. In the wetlands, satellite‐based ETa estimates follow the seasonal pattern of in situ observations, but with values ~50% higher than those determined from elevation‐corrected eddy‐covariance (EC) measurements. Nonetheless, this difference is within the expected precision of the remote sensing method. Although based on a limited period, the validation results are encouraging, and demonstrate the utility of satellite tools and limited period in situ data for watersheds with scarce long‐term data.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
On the Efficiency of a Class of Combined Schulz's Methods for Bounding the Inverse Matrix
Authors: Petkoviá M. S. , Herzberger J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA family of efficient methods of Schulz‐type for bounding the inverse matrix has been proposed in the recent paper [7]. This family depends on two parameters concerning the orders of convergence of the applied iterative methods in floating‐point arithmetic as well as in interval arithmetic. In this paper we find optimal values of these parameters with respect to the efficiency index that provide the construction of the most efficient algorithm from the considered family of combined methods.
UVB‐emitting LEDs for reptile lighting: Identifying the risks of nonsolar UV spectra
Authors: Wunderlich Sarina , Griffiths Thomas , Baines Frances 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUVB lamps are used to provide reptiles housed indoors with the UV radiation necessary to synthesize vitamin D3 in their skin. Since 2019, UVB‐LED lamps have been on sale for use in reptile husbandry. We performed spectral analysis and mapped the UV irradiance for 18 of these lamps. The positive benefits of UVB‐LED lamps over traditional products include greater energy efficiency, freedom from mercury and easy installation without external ballasts. However, the spectra of all the UVB‐LED lamps tested had little similarity to the solar UV spectrum. Some lamps emitted short‐wavelength, non‐terrestrial, radiation known to cause acute photo‐kerato‐conjunctivitis; we report one case. All lamps were lacking significant output in the range 315–335 nm, essential for natural self‐regulation of cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis, preventing overproduction. We describe a possible risk of serious hypervitaminosis D based on our spectral analysis. We call for long‐term animal studies to assess this risk, in which the reptiles under these lamps are exposed to species‐appropriate UV index levels according to their Ferguson Zone allocation and serum levels of vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 monitored. Spectral modifications of the lamps to make the spectrum more like sunlight may be an essential way of mitigating this risk.
Associations between type 1 diabetes and educational outcomes: an Aotearoa/New Zealand nationwide birth cohort study using the Integrated Data Infrastructure
Authors: Bowden Nicholas , Dixon Rachael , Anderson Vivienne , de Bock Martin , Boucsein Alisa , Kewene-Edwards Maria , Gibb Sheree , Kokaua Jesse , Palmer Octavia , Paul Ryan , Taylor Barry , Vu Hien , Wheeler Benjamin J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood. It is hypothesised that the metabolic and psychosocial consequences of type 1 diabetes may affect educational outcomes; however, existing literature presents conflicting results. This study aimed to assess whether educational outcomes differ for young people with and without type 1 diabetes in Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ).

Methods
This was a nationwide 9 year birth cohort study of all people born in NZ from 1993 to 2001 using linked administrative data held within the Integrated Data Infrastructure, a national research database containing linked health and non-health data. Educational outcomes of high school attainment, high school attendance and university enrolment were measured from age 13 years until 20 years. Generalised linear regression models with log link and Gaussian distributions were used to compare educational outcomes between those with and those without type 1 diabetes, adjusting for sociodemographic and maternal characteristics.

Results
Of the 442,320 children in the birth cohort, type 1 diabetes was identified in 2058 (0.47%) (mean [SD] age of type 1 diabetes diagnosis 7.7 [3.4] years). Educational outcomes were significantly lower for children with type 1 diabetes than for those without type 1 diabetes, including for any high school qualification (RR 0.97 [95% CI 0.95, 0.99]), university entrance-level high school attainment (RR 0.88 [95% CI 0.84, 0.92]), regular high school attendance (RR 0.91 [95% CI 0.85, 0.97]) and university enrolment (RR 0.93 [95% CI 0.88, 0.98]), even after adjusting for sociodemographic and maternal factors. In addition, educational outcomes were substantially lower for those with post type 1 diabetes diagnosis hospitalisations for diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoglycaemia.

Conclusions/interpretation
In this whole NZ birth cohort study, type 1 diabetes was associated with lower educational outcomes spanning secondary school and into university enrolment. Ongoing efforts to support students with type 1 diabetes are needed, particularly for those with a greater risk profile.

Graphical Abstract
Socioeconomic factors associated with poor medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ekenberg Marie , Qvarnström Miriam , Sundström Anders , Martinell Mats , Wettermark Björn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to determine initiation and persistence for patients with type 2 diabetes receiving their first prescription of an antidiabetic agent and the associations with socioeconomic factors.

Methods
A cohort study including 8515 patients with type 2 diabetes who were prescribed their first antidiabetic medication between 2012 and 2019 in Uppsala, Sweden, was followed during 2 years. Medical records were linked to national registers on dispensed drugs and socioeconomic data. Adherence was assessed based on patients’ medication claims within 30 days of prescription (initiation) and continued claims after 24 months (persistence). Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the associations with the socioeconomic factors age, sex, living status, country of birth, education, occupation, and income.

Results
Within 30 days, 92.4% of the patients claimed their first prescription, and 64.0% were still being dispensed the initially prescribed medication after 24 months. Unemployed patients had lower initiation rates, and women had lower persistence rates. Factors associated with both low initiation and persistence were low income, young or old age, birth outside Europe, and being prescribed other diabetes drugs than metformin monotherapy.

Conclusion
Socioeconomic factors have different impact on the initiation of a new medication and the persistence to treatment in type 2 diabetes. It is important to acknowledge these differences to develop appropriate interventions to improve medication nonadherence.
Brain MRI findings and their association with visual impairment in young adolescents born very preterm
Authors: Karimi Annette , Setänen Sirkku , Larsson Eva , Holmström Gerd , Fredriksson Kaul Ylva , Kochukhova Olga , Johansson Martin , Montgomery Cecilia , Hellström-Westas Lena , Wikström Johan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Very preterm birth increases risk for neonatal white matter injury, but there is limited data on to what extent this persists into adolescence and how this relates to ophthalmological outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess brain MRI findings in 12-year-old children born very preterm compared to controls and their association with concurrent ophthalmological outcomes.

Methods
We included 47 children born very preterm and 22 full-term controls (gestational age <32 and >37 weeks, respectively). Brain MRI findings were studied in association with concurrent ophthalmological outcomes at 12-year follow-up.

Results
Evans index (0.27 vs 0.25, p<0.001) and a proposed “posterior ventricle index” (0.47 vs 0.45, p=0.018) were increased in children born very preterm. Higher gestational age associated with larger corpus callosum area (β=10.7, 95%CI 0.59–20.8). Focal white matter lesions were observed in 15 (32%) of very preterm children and in 1 (5%) of full-term controls. Increased posterior ventricle index increased risk for visual acuity ≤1.0 (OR=1.07×1011, 95%CI=7.78–1.48×1021) and contrast sensitivity <0.5 (OR=2.6×1027, 95%CI=1.9×108–3.5×1046). Decreased peritrigonal white matter thickness associated with impaired visual acuity (β=0.04, 95%CI 0.002–0.07).

Conclusion
More white matter lesions and evidence of lower white matter volume were found in children born very preterm compared with full-term controls at 12-year follow-up. The association between larger posterior ventricle index and reduced visual acuity and contrast sensitivity suggests disturbances of the posterior visual pathway due to diffuse white matter lesions.
Tumor immunology meets oncology (TIMO) XVII, April 20–22 2023 in Halle/Saale, Germany
Authors: Seliger Barbara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDuring the TIMO meeting 2023, national and international scientists as well as clinicians gave novel insights as well as perspectives into basic and translational tumor immunology. https://dgfi.org/arbeitskreise/ak-tumorimmunologie/meeting/
Association of plaque characteristics with long-term stroke recurrence in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic disease: a 3D high-resolution MRI-based cohort study
Authors: Lv Yaodong , Ma Xiaotong , Zhao Weihua , Ju Jiachen , Yan Peng , Li Shan , Xue Yuan , Sui YanLing , Shao Sai , Sun Qinjian , Qiu Chengxuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the predictive ability of plaque characteristics for long-term stroke recurrence among patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD).

Methods
This cohort study included 132 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) attributed to ICAD who were recruited between July 2017 and December 2020 and followed until stroke recurrence or December 2021. Plaque surface irregularity, degree of stenosis, plaque burden, remodeling ratio, enhancement ratio, and intraplaque hemorrhage were assessed with 3-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (3D HR-MRI). Data were analyzed using Cox models, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.

Results
Of the 132 patients, during a median follow-up of 2.8 years, stroke recurrence occurred in 35 patients. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of stroke recurrence was 3.15 (1.34–7.42) per 10% increase in plaque burden and 2.17 (1.27–3.70) for enhancement ratio. The area under the curve (AUC) to predict stroke recurrence was 0.725 (95% CI 0.629–0.822) for plaque burden, 0.692 (95% CI 0.593–0.792) for enhancement ratio, and only 0.595 (95% CI 0.492–0.699) for the Essen stroke risk score. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis further demonstrated significant differences in survival of free recurrent stroke between patients with plaque burden or enhancement ratio below and above the optimum cut-offs (both p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Higher plaque burden and enhancement ratio are independent risk factors for long-term stroke recurrence among patients with symptomatic ICAD, and valuable imaging markers for predicting and stratifying risk of stroke recurrence.

Clinical relevance statement
In patients with symptomatic ICAD, the results of this high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging study have potential implications for optimal management of intracranial plaques and secondary prevention of stroke recurrence based on plaque burden and enhancement ratio.

Key Points
• Identification of intracranial plaque characteristics responsible for stroke recurrence is essential to preventing stroke recurrence in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease.
• Higher plaque burden and enhancement ratio are independent risk factors for stroke recurrence.
• Plaque burden and enhancement ratio are valuable imaging markers in the prediction and stratification of the risk of stroke recurrence.
Influence of CT dose reduction on AI-driven malignancy estimation of incidental pulmonary nodules
Authors: Peters Alan A. , Solomon Justin B. , von Stackelberg Oyunbileg , Samei Ehsan , Alsaihati Njood , Valenzuela Waldo , Debic Manuel , Heidt Christian , Huber Adrian T. , Christe Andreas , Heverhagen Johannes T. , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Heussel Claus P. , Ebner Lukas , Wielpütz Mark O. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of dose reduction on a commercially available lung cancer prediction convolutional neuronal network (LCP-CNN).

Methods
CT scans from a cohort provided by the local lung cancer center (n = 218) with confirmed pulmonary malignancies and their corresponding reduced dose simulations (25% and 5% dose) were subjected to the LCP-CNN. The resulting LCP scores (scale 1–10, increasing malignancy risk) and the proportion of correctly classified nodules were compared. The cohort was divided into a low-, medium-, and high-risk group based on the respective LCP scores; shifts between the groups were studied to evaluate the potential impact on nodule management. Two different malignancy risk score thresholds were analyzed: a higher threshold of ≥ 9 (“rule-in” approach) and a lower threshold of > 4 (“rule-out” approach).

Results
In total, 169 patients with 196 nodules could be included (mean age ± SD, 64.5 ± 9.2 year; 49% females). Mean LCP scores for original, 25% and 5% dose levels were 8.5 ± 1.7, 8.4 ± 1.7 (p > 0.05 vs. original dose) and 8.2 ± 1.9 (p < 0.05 vs. original dose), respectively. The proportion of correctly classified nodules with the “rule-in” approach decreased with simulated dose reduction from 58.2 to 56.1% (p = 0.34) and to 52.0% for the respective dose levels (p = 0.01). For the “rule-out” approach the respective values were 95.9%, 96.4%, and 94.4% (p = 0.12). When reducing the original dose to 25%/5%, eight/twenty-two nodules shifted to a lower, five/seven nodules to a higher malignancy risk group.

Conclusion
CT dose reduction may affect the analyzed LCP-CNN regarding the classification of pulmonary malignancies and potentially alter pulmonary nodule management.

Clinical relevance statement
Utilization of a “rule-out” approach with a lower malignancy risk threshold prevents underestimation of the nodule malignancy risk for the analyzed software, especially in high-risk cohorts.

Key Points
• LCP-CNN may be affected by CT image parameters such as noise resulting from low-dose CT acquisitions.
• CT dose reduction can alter pulmonary nodule management recommendations by affecting the outcome of the LCP-CNN.
• Utilization of a lower malignancy risk threshold prevents underestimation of pulmonary malignancies in high-risk cohorts.
Hot water immersion is associated with higher thermal comfort than dry passive heating for a similar rise in rectal temperature and plasma interleukin-6 concentration
Authors: Su Yunuo , Hoekstra Sven. P. , Leicht Christof A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the perceptual responses and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration following rectal temperature-matched dry heat exposure (DH) and hot water immersion (HWI).

Methods
Twelve healthy young adults (BMI 23.5 ± 3.6 kg/m2; age: 25.8 ± 5.7 years) underwent 3 trials in randomised order: DH (air temperature 68.9 °C), HWI (water temperature 37.5 °C), and thermoneutral dry exposure (CON, air temperature 27.3 °C). Blood samples to determine IL-6 plasma concentration were collected; basic affect and thermal comfort, rectal and skin temperature (Tskin) were assessed throughout the intervention.

Results
Rectal temperature (Trec) did not differ between DH (end temperature 38.0 ± 0.4 °C) and HWI (37.9 ± 0.2 °C, P = 0.16), but was higher compared with CON (37.0 ± 0.3 °C; P ≤ 0.004). Plasma IL-6 concentration was similar after DH (pre to post: 0.8 ± 0.5 to 1.4 ± 1.5 pg·ml−1) and HWI (0.5 ± 0.2 to 0.9 ± 0.6 pg·ml−1; P = 0.46), but higher compared with CON (0.6 ± 0.5 to 0.6 ± 0.4 pg·ml−1; P = 0.01). At the end of the intervention, basic affect and thermal comfort were most unfavourable during DH (Basic affect; DH: − 0.7 ± 2.9, HWI: 0.8 ± 1.9, CON 1.9 ± 1.9, P ≤ 0.004; Thermal comfort; 2.6 ± 0.8, HWI: 1.4 ± 0.9 and CON: 0.2 ± 0.4; P ≤ 0.004). Mean Tskin was highest for DH, followed by HWI, and lowest for CON (DH: 38.5 ± 1.3 °C, HWI: 36.2 ± 0.5 °C, CON: 31.6 ± 0.7 °C, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The IL-6 response did not differ between DH and HWI when matched for the elevation in Trec. However, thermal comfort was lower during DH compared to HWI, which may be related to the higher Tskin during DH.
Impact of preferred surgical modality on surgeon wellness: a survey of workload, physical pain/discomfort, and neuromusculoskeletal disorders
Authors: Norasi Hamid , Hallbeck M. Susan , Elli Enrique F. , Tollefson Matthew K. , Harold Kristi L. , Pak Raymond 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
We compared surgeons’ workload, physical discomfort, and neuromusculoskeletal disorders (NMSDs) across four surgical modalities: endoscopic, laparoscopic, open, and robot-assisted (da Vinci Surgical Systems).

Methods
An electronic survey was sent to the surgeons across an academic hospital system. The survey consisted of 47 questions including: (I) Demographics and anthropometrics; (II) The percentage of the procedural time that the surgeon spent on performing each surgical modality; (III) Physical and mental demand and physical discomfort; (IV) Neuromusculoskeletal symptoms including body part pain and NMSDs.

Results
Seventy-nine out of 245 surgeons completed the survey (32.2%) and 65 surgeons (82.2%) had a dominant surgical modality: 10 endoscopic, 15 laparoscopic, 26 open, and 14 robotic surgeons. Physical demand was the highest for open surgery and the lowest for endoscopic and robotic surgeries, (all p < 0.05). Open and robotic surgeries required the highest levels of mental workload followed by laparoscopic and endoscopic surgeries, respectively (all p < 0.05 except for the difference between robotic and laparoscopic that was not significant). Body part discomfort or pain (immediately after surgery) were lower in the shoulder for robotic surgeons compared to laparoscopic and open surgeons and in left fingers for robotic surgeons compared to endoscopic surgeons (all p < 0.05). The prevalence of NMSD was significantly lower in robotic surgeons (7%) compared to the other surgical modalities (between 60 and 67%) (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions
The distribution of NMSDs, workload, and physical discomfort varied significantly based on preferred surgical approach. Although robotic surgeons had fewer overall complaints, improvement in ergonomics of surgery are still warranted.

Graphical abstract
Sweeps, Polytopes, Oriented Matroids, and Allowable Graphs of Permutations
Authors: Padrol Arnau , Philippe Eva 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA sweep of a point configuration is any ordered partition induced by a linear functional. Posets of sweeps of planar point configurations were formalized and abstracted by Goodman and Pollack under the theory of allowable sequences of permutations. We introduce two generalizations that model posets of sweeps of higher dimensional configurations. Sweeps of a point configuration are in bijection with faces of an associated sweep polytope. Mimicking the fact that sweep polytopes are projections of permutahedra, we define sweep oriented matroids as strong maps of the braid oriented matroid. Allowable sequences are then the sweep oriented matroids of rank 2, and many of their properties extend to higher rank. We show strong ties between sweep oriented matroids and both modular hyperplanes and Dilworth truncations from (unoriented) matroid theory. Pseudo-sweeps are a generalization of sweeps in which the sweeping hyperplane is allowed to slightly change direction, and that can be extended to arbitrary oriented matroids in terms of cellular strings. We prove that for sweepable oriented matroids, sweep oriented matroids provide a sphere that is a deformation retract of the poset of pseudo-sweeps. This generalizes a property of sweep polytopes (which can be interpreted as monotone path polytopes of zonotopes), and solves a special case of the strong Generalized Baues Problem for cellular strings. A second generalization are allowable graphs of permutations: symmetric sets of permutations pairwise connected by allowable sequences. They have the structure of acycloids and include sweep oriented matroids.
$$\delta $$-ideals of p-algebras
Authors: Badawy Abd El-Mohsen , El-Saady Kamal , Abd El-Baset Essam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn p-algebras, the concepts of $$\delta $$
δ
-ideals and principal $$\delta $$
δ
-ideals are presented, and some of their respective properties are discussed. It is observed that the set $$I^{\delta }(L)$$

I
δ

(
L
)

of all $$\delta $$
δ
-ideals of a p-algebra L is a bounded lattice, and the class $$I_{p}^{\delta }(L)$$

I

p

δ

(
L
)

of all principal $$\delta $$
δ
-ideals forms a bounded sublattice of $$I^{\delta }(L)$$

I
δ

(
L
)

and a Boolean algebra on its own. A characterization of a $$\delta $$
δ
-ideal in terms of principal $$\delta $$
δ
-ideals, in p-algebras, is given. Also, the concept of comaximality of $$\delta $$
δ
-ideals is discussed in p-algebras. After that, a number of properties of the homomorphic image of $$\delta $$
δ
-ideals are considered.