bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divisions of the Pennsylvanian System in Kansas
Authors: Moore Raymond C. 
Published: January 2025

This report summarizes studies in the northern midcontinent region bearing on classification of rocks belonging to the Pennsylvanian System in Kansas. It does not review historical features in the development of classification, treated in 1936 (Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin 22), but takes account of work done since that date. In particular, it gives explanation of time-stratigraphic divisions of the Pennsylvanian rocks and embodies changes in the definition and naming of groups and subgroups which were adopted by agreement of the State geological surveys of Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and Oklahoma at a conference held in May 1947. Except for definition of member subdivisions of formations belonging to the Marmaton group and a few revisions of formation and member names in the Shawnee and Wabaunsee groups, no changes in designation of lithologic units of the Kansas Pennsylvanian succession have been made during the last dozen years.
The Pennsylvanian rocks (including subsurface deposits which are not exposed in Kansas) are divided into five series (in upward order): Morrowan, Atokan, Desmoinesian, Missourian, and Virgilian. The boundaries between these divisions are drawn at disconformities which are judged to denote important interruptions in sedimentation. Each of the designated series is characterized by paleontological distinctions, also. Deposits of Morrowan age (Kearny formation) and Atokan age (unnamed) are recognized in the subsurface of western Kansas but do not crop out. The Desmoinesian Series is well exposed in southeastern Kansas and widely distributed beneath the surface in the State. It comprises rocks of the Cherokee group, below, and Marmaton group, above. Paleontologically, the Desmoinesian rocks belong to the Zone of Fusulina. The Missourian Series contains important limestone formations and is divided, in upward order, into the Pleasanton, Kansas City, Lansing, and Pedee groups. It comprises the lower half of the Zone of Triticites. Rocks of Virgilian age are widely and excellently exposed in eastern Kansas. This uppermost main division of the Pennsylvanian rocks contains the Douglas, Shawnee, and Wabaunsee groups and comprises the upper part of the Zone of Triticites.
The interstate agreement on classification of Pennsylvanian rocks agreed to the name Pleasanton group for clastic deposits (formerly called Bourbon group by the Kansas Geological Survey). In the lower part of the Missourian Series, the conference adopted definition of the Kansas City group as extending from the top of Pleasanton beds to the base of the Plattsburg limestone. The rocks of this group were divided into three subgroups: Bronson (base of Hertha limestone to top of Winterset limestone), Linn (base of Cherryvale shale to top of Iola limestone), and Zarah (base of Lane shale to top of Bonner Springs shale). in the Wabaunsee group, the conference recognized differentiation of subgroups, in upward order: Sacfox, Nemaha, and Richardson.
Minor Elements in Kansas Salt
Authors: Runnels Russell T. , Reed Albert C. , Schleicher J. A. 
Published: January 2025

Mine run salt from three underground workings, raw brine, and some prepared salt products were examined spectrochemically for elements occurring in trace amounts. One mineral was isolated and determined to be a potassium-bearing mineral, tentatively identified as polyhalite (K2SO4·MgSO4·2CaSO4·2H2O). This mineral has not been reported previously from samples of commercially mined Kansas salt. One other mineral was isolated and identified as celestite (SrSO4). This mineral occurs with anhydrite in the ratio of 1:0.129 (CaSO4 x 0.129=SrSO4). The red color sometimes found in commercially mined rock salt usually accompanies the celestite but has not been directly associated with the celestite. This red material has been shown not to be Fe2O3, as might be suggested by the color.
Модель оптимизации прибыли авиакомпании
Authors: Забулонов А.С. , Вечерская С.Е. , Макаренко М.И. 
Published: January 2025

В статье предложена математическая модель и масштабируемое решение задачи оптимизации управления прибылью авиакомпании. Модель учитывает все критические параметры оптимизации, обеспечивающие корректность решения, и имеет упрощения, введенные с целью повышения эффективности решения задачи без потери точности. Разработан соответствующий программный код на языке Python.
The article proposes a mathematical model and a scalable solution to the problem of optimizing airline profit management. The model considers all critical optimization parameters to ensure the correctness of the solution and introduces simplifications aimed at improving efficiency without sacrificing accuracy. The corresponding program code was developed in Python.
Оптимизация принятия решений при управлении в организационных системах с неоднородной структурой пространственных элементов
Authors: Линкина А.В. , Львович Я.Е. , Рындин Н.А. 
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются модели и процедуры оптимизации принятия решений при управлении в организационных системах с неоднородной структурой пространственных компонентов. Показано, что неоднородность структуры определяется разнообразием типов, категорий и состояний пространственных элементов, в рамках которых объектами организационной системы реализуются деятельностные процессы. Предложена последовательность процедур экспертного оценивания, обеспечивающих оптимизацию принятия управленческих решений по распределению планового объема ресурсного обеспечения между объектами на реализацию деятельностных процессов в соответствии с заданными требованиями к показателям эффективности и плановым объемом результатов деятельности. Выбор окончательного варианта управленческого решения на множестве альтернативных осуществляется экспертами путем голосования с использованием правила большинства. Оптимизационное моделирование является основой принятия решений при распределении ресурсного обеспечения на трансформацию пространственных элементов для повышения эффективности деятельностных процессов и выбора подмножеств видов деятельности на заданные временные периоды. Формализация экстремальных и граничных требований при решении задач управления позволяет сформировать модели многоальтернативной оптимизации. Проведена проблемная ориентация алгоритмических процедур рандомизированного итерационного поиска с учетом особенностей организационной системы с неоднородной структурой пространственных элементов.
The article discusses models and procedures for optimizing decision-making in management in organizational systems with a heterogeneous structure of spatial components. It is shown that the heterogeneity of the structure is determined by the variety of types, categories and states of spatial elements within which the objects of the organizational system implement activity processes. A sequence of expert assessment procedures is proposed to optimize management decision-making on the distribution of the planned amount of resource provision between objects for the implementation of activity processes in accordance with the specified requirements for performance indicators and the planned volume of performance results. The selection of the final version of the management decision on a variety of alternatives is carried out by experts by voting using the majority rule. Optimization modeling is the basis for decision-making when allocating of resources for the transformation of spatial elements to increase the efficiency of activity processes and the selection of subsets of activities for specified time periods. The formalization of extreme and boundary requirements in solving control problems makes it possible to form models of multi-alternative optimization. The problem orientation of algorithmic procedures of randomized iterative search is carried out, taking into account the features of an organizational system with a heterogeneous structure of spatial elements.
Promotion of environmental knowledge as a condition for the formation of ecological culture
Authors: Komkova G. N. , Toguzaeva E. N. , Karamysheva M. S. 
Published: January 2025

Aim. To study the importance of promoting environmental knowledge, to identify its role in the formation of environmental culture in modern Russian society and to analyse the main problems of regulating the process of formation of environmental culture as a new social necessity.In order to achieve the goal, scientific literature, regulations and law enforcement practice, theoretical system analysis, comparative legal method and general scientific methods were used.The state and non‐state sector should take measures to educate citizens in responsible environmental behavior by promoting environmental culture, introducing environmental education and forming a special environmentally‐oriented consumption model. Undeservedly, the process of forming an environmental culture is restricted exclusively to educational and educational purposes and, as a consequence there are gaps in the legal framework for regulating environmental education and the retraining of personnel.The significance of the formation of an environmental culture in the context of new public policy priorities is beyond doubt.Attention should be paid to stimulating lawful, socially active behavior in the sphere of formation of environmental culture as a new social necessity. The expansion environmental education, the elimination of the declarative nature of environmental legislation regarding the training of specialists in the field of ensuring environmental safety, and the resolution of the issue of unifying requirements for heads of organizations and specialists in the field of environmental protection and environmental safety at the level of federal law are seen as necessary conditions. Propaganda reflected in the legal domain, should become an effective tool for increasing the environmental knowledge of the population and the creation of a high level of environmental culture.
Acute Neurological disorders in pregnancy and postpartum period – Systematic review
Authors: Kirovakov Zlatko , Hinkova Nadezhda , Dushepeev Antonio , Todorov Svetoslav 
Published: January 2025

Objective: Stroke among young and elderly people is frequently caused by cervical artery dissection (CeAD). A rupture in any one or more blood vessel layers of tissue results in cervical artery detachment. Information for the causative factor of one-fifth of ischemic stroke patients is available from case reports and case reviews. CeAD is rare during pregnancy and in the early postpartum period. In addition, other risk factors have been suggested, such as infection, migraine, hyperhomocysteinaemia, and the 677TT genotype of the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR 677TT).
Limitation: A lack of neurological diseases during pregnancy and the postpartum period provides major obstacles for both the mother and child. The restricted therapeutic choices might impair care and complicate management. Multidisciplinary care is frequently required to achieve a delicate equilibrium between the health of the mother and the risk of foetal hazards.
Method: This systematic review with a systematically registered protocol was the strategy to study the clinical presentation, management, and outcome of this situation. For inclusion, 40 studies were found through language-free searches on Google Scholar and PubМed.
Results: The key factors of the greatest incidence found were migraine, hyperlipidemia, connective tissue diseases, HELLP syndrome, preeclampsia or eclampsia, and the protracted second phase of labor. The most frequent complaint was a headache with soreness in the neck. Anticoagulant medication, anti-platelet agents, and endovascular procedures were among the acute medical interventions.
Conclusion: This research emphasizes the value of efficient, all-encompassing care and raised knowledge to optimize results in pregnant women.
Functional Improvements by Controlled Suture Tension in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Imai Shinji 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Although a certain degree of tension in bridging sutures is required for proper tendon healing following suture-bridge rotator cuff repair, excessive suture tension may be detrimental to tendon healing. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bridging suture tension on clinical outcomes and tendon healing. We hypothesized that fixed, low tension of the bridging sutures would improve the tendon healing rate and clinical outcomes compared with maximum manual tensioning.

Methods:
A group of 39 patients with a rotator cuff tear were treated with arthroscopic suture-bridge rotator cuff repair, in which the bridging sutures were uniformly tensioned to 20 N (group A). A separate group of 37 patients was treated with the same suture construct, but the sutures were tensioned by maximum manual pulling (mean tension, 36.1 N; group B). The visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain, active anterior elevation, external and internal rotation, and Constant score were compared between the groups preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months and 1 and 2 years postoperatively. Anatomical healing was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1 year after surgery.

Results:
At 6 months postoperatively, all clinical values had improved in both groups. The Constant score (p < 0.001), VAS pain score (p < 0.001), and anterior elevation (p = 0.004) were significantly better in group A than in group B. Two years postoperatively, there was no significant difference between groups A and B in the Constant score (p = 0.847), VAS pain score (p = 0.991), and anterior elevation (p = 0.855). Group A demonstrated a significantly lower retear rate (3 of 39, 7.7%) than group B (9 of 37, 24.3%) (p = 0.0467).

Conclusions:
Double-row suture-bridge repairs with fixed, low tension led to superior clinical outcomes at 6 months and a superior tendon healing rate at 1 year compared with repairs with higher suture tension. However, the clinical outcomes did not differ significantly at 2 years between the 2 tensioning methods.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The clinical and cost effectiveness of behavioural therapy for interepisode bipolar symptoms (STABILISE): A randomised, controlled feasibility trial.
Authors: Wright Kim , Warren Fiona C , Bucci Sandra , Dunn Barnaby , Jones Steven , O'Mahen Heather , Taylor Rod , Medina-Lara Antonieta 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: In between episodes of (hypo) mania and major depression, people with bipolar disorder can experience ongoing low mood or mood instability, and these may also be present as part of cyclothymic disorder. This is a phase II evaluation of an adapted form of behavioural therapy (STABILISE) for inter-episode bipolar symptoms. The study aims to establish the feasibility and acceptability of the therapy and research procedures, including an economic component, to inform a future definitive trial.
Methods: Patients will be randomised 1:1 to either Treatment as Usual (control arm) or Treatment as Usual plus STABILISE intervention (intervention arm). Follow up points will be at 14, 30 and 52 weeks post eligibility confirmation, with 30 weeks as the primary end point. We aim to recruit 60 individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for a Bipolar Spectrum Disorder, and reporting ongoing bipolar symptoms (low mood or mood instability) outside of a manic or severe depressive episode. Feasibility and acceptability will be examined through recruitment and retention rates, completion rates for the candidate primary outcome measures (PHQ9, ALS-SF, QoL.BD and BRQ) and feedback from participants on their experience of study participation and therapy. Proceeding to a definitive trial will be indicated if the following criteria are met: i) trial participation is deemed, or can be made, sufficiently safe; ii) recruitment rate indicates that larger-scale recruitment would be feasible (recruitment rate of at least two participants per month within at least one site, with mitigation plan if overall target sample size not met); iii) for candidate primary outcome measure follow up data is available at 30 weeks from at least 75% of participants, or from between 55 and 74% with clear plan for improvement.
Discussion: This study is a randomised, controlled feasibility trial that builds on an initial case series of the STABILISE approach. The findings will be used to establish whether a future, definitive trial is feasible and to refine the research procedures and therapy protocol.
Trial Registration: ISRCTN18207465. Registered 13th March 2024, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN18207465.
Protocol version: 1.2 30.8.24
A bright synthetic near-infrared luciferin enhances the capabilities of deep-tissue bioluminescence imaging using firefly luciferases
Authors: Kuchimaru Takahiro , Saito-Moriya Ryohei , Iwano Satoshi , Kitada Nobuo , Yamazaki Norihisa , Kamiya Genta , Ogo Katsunori , Sugiyama Takashi , Chuluun-Erdene Ariunbold , Isagawa Takayuki , Obata Rika , Ijuin Ryosuke , Abe Hideki , Yuji Kashiwakura , Mabuchi Yo , Takahashi Megumu , Yamamoto Yoshihiro , Sawaki Daigo , Sato Tatsuyuki , Sato Shigeru , Nishikii Hidekazu , Yoshimura Kotaro , Hioki Hiroyuki , Ohmori Tsukasa , Nakashiba Toshiaki , Hirano Takashi , Aoyama Hiroshi , Takeda Norihiko , Miyawaki Atsushi , Maki Shojiro A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Synthetic bioluminescence reactions exhibiting near-infrared (NIR)-shifted spectra have been explored to improve deep-tissue imaging through the design of firefly luciferin analogues. Although the NIR bioluminescence reactions improve the tissue penetration of bioluminescence signals from deep tissues, their photon output is markedly lower compared to the natural reaction with D-luciferin and firefly luciferase (Fluc), often by an order of magnitude or more. Consequently, in most instances, the sensitivity of NIR bioluminescence imaging (NIR-BLI) has not yet substantially surpassed that of BLI with the natural firefly reaction. Here, we present a synthetic firefly luciferin, named AkaSuke, that generates intense NIR bioluminescence (λmax = 680 nm) in reaction with Fluc, greatly improving the detection sensitivity beyond that of the D-luciferin/Fluc reaction for targeting deep tissue. AkaSuke enables sensitive visualizations of ectopic hematogenesis through entire tissues of mice over time following transplantation of bone marrow stem cells labeled with Fluc. We additionally identify a Japanese firefly luciferase, DkumLuc1, that displays higher catalytic activities for bioluminescence emission of AkaSuke compared to typical Fluc, resulting in detection sensitivity comparable to that of AkaLumine/Akaluc reaction, one of the most sensitive bioluminescence systems for deep tissue imaging. We further propose the potential of the AkaSuke/DkumLuc1 reaction as an orthogonal pair with the AkaLumine/Akaluc for sensitive dual-target tracking in mice. Overall results suggest that AkaSuke enhances the capabilities of deep-tissue bioluminescence imaging using Fluc and its variant, and could serve as an emerging benchmark for the molecular design of NIR luciferin analogues.
Balancing Standardization and Flexibility in National Complex Intervention Scale-Up: A Qualitative Study of Leadership Experiences and Management in the Implementation of Proactive Health Support (PaHS) in Denmark
Authors: Fredens Mia , Terkildsen Morten Deleuran , Grønkjær Mette , Toft Ulla , Hawkins Jemma , Nielsen Camilla Palmhøj 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background Policymakers increasingly aim to expand small-scale healthcare interventions to a national level to maximize reach and impact. However, scaling complex interventions presents challenges, particularly in balancing national standardization with flexibility in local implementation across contexts. This study investigates how leaders experience and manage the national implementation of Proactive Health Support, a large-scale self-management support intervention in Denmark.Methods The study employed a single-case study design with embedded units to examine the national implementation of the Proactive Health support intervention. Data were collected through 10 semi-structured interviews with leaders from the five Danish regions, more than 25 hours of participant observations of leadership meetings and workshops, and document analysis of 468 pages of leadership meeting minutes and reports.Results Implementing Proactive Health Support required leaders to balance the tension between fidelity and adaptation within a standardized framework. While the national framework provided stability, leaders leveraged the flexibility of implementation strategies to preserve the core intervention components while enabling local adjustments to fit diverse contexts. Reflexive practices—characterized by real-time adjustments and positive feedback loops—were pivotal for balancing standardization with flexibility. Vertical leadership mediated alignment between national and regional levels, while horizontal collaboration fostered shared learning across regions.Conclusion This study demonstrates the complexity of scaling healthcare interventions across diverse contexts, underscoring such processes' non-linear and dynamic nature and the significant ongoing, real-time leadership engagement required to navigate complexity and manage uncertainty. It highlights collaborative leadership as crucial for enabling real-time responsiveness, fostering alignment across levels, and balancing fidelity and adaptation in national implementations. The findings empirically demonstrate that fidelity and adaptation are not opposing forces but complementary in practice, with adaptation in implementation strategies supporting fidelity by allowing interventions to be applied meaningfully across diverse contexts. The findings further suggest that successful national implementation relies not on strict adherence to standardized guidelines but on a co-adaptive process within a standardized yet flexible framework, where intervention and context are co-constructed through ongoing, leadership-driven negotiation.Trial registration: The implementation was studied as part of a multidisciplinary research program. The study is a follow-on study to a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03628469).
Validity and Reliability of Remote Oral Medicine Consultations: Strengths and Challenges
Authors: Becker Talia , Tuchner Noa Revivo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
To compare agreement of assumed diagnosis (prior to recommended biopsy) of oral pathological lesions with final diagnosis (post biopsy), between remote and frontal consultations with an oral medicine specialist.
Design and setting:
We examined 386 consultations, for which specialists recommended a biopsy, and compared assumed and final diagnoses.
Materials and Methods
The study group included 190 patients whose clinicians remotely consulted with specialists, sending relevant information via WhatsApp. The control group included 196 patients who had a frontal consultation with a clinician and specialist.
Results
Cohen’s Kappa for assessing agreement between differential and final diagnoses indicated that for remote consultations, (κ) = 0.815; for frontal consultations, (κ) = 0.698. Agreement between presumptive and final diagnoses decreased indirectly with patient age (p = 0.015). More patients avoided biopsy in the remote consultation group (p < 0.001). Fewer reports were received from the remote consultations regarding smoking status (p < 0.001).
Discussion
Our results suggest that remote consultations are an effective tool, with substantial reliability. However, other findings point to a more complex reality and should be considered.
Conclusions
The approach of patients and therapists to consultations may differ between frontal and remote settings, with more avoidance of biopsies after remote consultations and older patients posing a greater diagnostic challenge.