bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in magnetically quantized dense plasmas
Authors: Rasheed Abdur , Nazir Asif , Fatima Areeb , Ramzan Bilal , Kiran Zubia , Jamil Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study deals with the instability of shear waves, also known as Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, propagating with a complex frequency ”ω” in magnetically quantized dense gyro-viscous plasmas. The instability arises from the transverse spatial shear of the streaming velocity, which evolves from the DC electric and magnetic fields. In dense plasmas, quantum effects contribute through magnetically quantized statistical Fermi pressure, tunnelling potential and exchange-correlation potential. The contribution of the shear profile, the drift velocity, the number density of medium species, the dc magnetic field and the propagation angle θ of the wavevector on the instability is pointed out analytically as well as graphically. By varying the angle, shear size and density of plasma particles, the growth rate is enhanced. It does not, however, change as the streaming speed increases. This work seeks applications to study the characteristics of complex media like astrophysical and semiconductor plasmas [R. P. Drake, “Hydrodynamic instabilities in astrophysics and in laboratory high-energy–density systems,” Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion, vol. 47, p. B419, 2005].
A Neural Mechanism in the Human Orbitofrontal Cortex for Preferring High-Fat Foods Based on Oral Texture
Authors: Khorisantono Putu A. , Huang (黃飛揚) Fei-Yang , Sutcliffe Michael P. F. , Fletcher Paul C. , Farooqi I. Sadaf , Grabenhorst Fabian 
Published: October 2023

Although overconsumption of high-fat foods is a major driver of weight gain, the neural mechanisms that link the oral sensory properties of dietary fat to reward valuation and eating behavior remain unclear. Here we combine novel food-engineering approaches with functional neuroimaging to show that the human orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) translates oral sensations evoked by high-fat foods into subjective economic valuations that guide eating behavior. Male and female volunteers sampled and evaluated nutrient-controlled liquid foods that varied in fat and sugar (“milkshakes”). During oral food processing, OFC activity encoded a specific oral-sensory parameter that mediated the influence of the foods' fat content on reward value: the coefficient of sliding friction. Specifically, OFC responses to foods in the mouth reflected the smooth, oily texture (i.e., mouthfeel) produced by fatty liquids on oral surfaces. Distinct activity patterns in OFC encoded the economic values associated with particular foods, which reflected the subjective integration of sliding friction with other food properties (sugar, fat, viscosity). Critically, neural sensitivity of OFC to oral texture predicted individuals' fat preferences in a naturalistic eating test: individuals whose OFC was more sensitive to fat-related oral texture consumed more fat duringad libitumeating. Our findings suggest that reward systems of the human brain sense dietary fat from oral sliding friction, a mechanical food parameter that likely governs our daily eating experiences by mediating interactions between foods and oral surfaces. These findings identify a specific role for the human OFC in evaluating oral food textures to mediate preference for high-fat foods.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFat and sugar enhance the reward value of food by imparting a sweet taste and rich mouthfeel but also contribute to overeating and obesity. Here we used a novel food-engineering approach to realistically quantify the physical-mechanical properties of high-fat liquid foods on oral surfaces and used functional neuroimaging while volunteers sampled these foods and placed monetary bids to consume them. We found that a specific area of the brain's reward system, the orbitofrontal cortex, detects the smooth texture of fatty foods in the mouth and links these sensory inputs to economic valuations that guide eating behavior. These findings can inform the design of low-calorie fat-replacement foods that mimic the impact of dietary fat on oral surfaces and neural reward systems.
Morphogenesis and development of human telencephalic organoids in the absence and presence of exogenous extracellular matrix
Authors: Martins‐Costa Catarina , Pham Vincent A , Sidhaye Jaydeep , Novatchkova Maria , Wiegers Andrea , Peer Angela , Möseneder Paul , Corsini Nina S , Knoblich Jürgen A 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe establishment and maintenance of apical‐basal polarity is a fundamental step in brain development, instructing the organization of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and the developing cerebral cortex. Particularly, basally located extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for this process.In vitro, epithelial polarization can be achieved via endogenous ECM production, or exogenous ECM supplementation. While neuroepithelial development is recapitulated in neural organoids, the effects of different ECM sources in tissue morphogenesis remain underexplored. Here, we show that exposure to a solubilized basement membrane matrix substrate, Matrigel, at early neuroepithelial stages causes rapid tissue polarization and rearrangement of neuroepithelial architecture. In cultures exposed to pure ECM components or unexposed to any exogenous ECM, polarity acquisition is slower and driven by endogenous ECM production. After the onset of neurogenesis, tissue architecture and neuronal differentiation are largely independent of the initial ECM source, but Matrigel exposure has long‐lasting effects on tissue patterning. These results advance the knowledge on mechanisms of exogenously and endogenously guided morphogenesis, demonstrating the self‐sustainability of neuroepithelial cultures by endogenous processes.
Looking at a baby's heart through the lens of the mother's blood
Authors: Madeddu Paolo 
Published: October 2023

Congenital heart disease (CHD) comprises several cardiovascular abnormalities existing from birth. Cardiac defects range from minor asymptomatic lesions to potentially life‐threatening situations. Early fetal echocardiography, the gold standard for the in‐utero diagnosis of CHD, is inaccurate at identifying defects in pulmonary veins and atrioventricular valves or lesions that occur later or progress during pregnancy. In this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine, Yin et al report new proteomic data on maternal blood samples and a novel bioinformatic and artificial intelligence approach for the early diagnosis and screening of CHD.
Enablers and challenges of spatial omics, a melting pot of technologies
Authors: Alexandrov Theodore , Saez‐Rodriguez Julio , Saka Sinem K 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpatial omics has emerged as a rapidly growing and fruitful field with hundreds of publications presenting novel methods for obtaining spatially resolved information for any omics data type on spatial scales ranging from subcellular to organismal. From a technology development perspective, spatial omics is a highly interdisciplinary field that integrates imaging and omics, spatial and molecular analyses, sequencing and mass spectrometry, and image analysis and bioinformatics. The emergence of this field has not only opened a window into spatial biology, but also created multiple novel opportunities, questions, and challenges for method developers. Here, we provide the perspective of technology developers on what makes the spatial omics field unique. After providing a brief overview of the state of the art, we discuss technological enablers and challenges and present our vision about the future applications and impact of this melting pot.
DCAF13 and RNF114 participate in the regulation of early porcine embryo development
Authors: da Silva Zigomar , Glanzner Werner Giehl , Gutierrez Karina , de Macedo Mariana Priotto , Guay Vanessa , Currin Luke , Carrillo Maria Elena Herrera , Gonçalves Paulo Bayard Dias , Bordignon Vilceu 
Published: October 2023

In brief
Ubiquitination plays a pivotal role in a multitude of cellular functions; however, the precise contributions of various ubiquitin ligases in governing early developmental processes remain largely unexplored. This study revealed that the E3 ubiquitin ligases DCAF13 and RNF114 are both necessary for the normal regulation of early porcine embryo development.

Abstract
Ubiquitylation is required for normal regulation of many biological functions by modulating several protein facets such as structure, stability, interaction, localization, and degradation. In this study, we explored the roles of two E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s), the DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor 13 (DCAF13) and the Ring finger protein 114 (RNF114), in the regulation of porcine embryo development. Attenuation of DCAF13 mRNA decreased embryo development at the blastocyst stage, while the development of RNF114-attenuated embryos was not significantly different than that of control embryos. The average number of cells per blastocyst was decreased in DCAF13-attenuated embryos and increased in RNF114-attenuated embryos compared to controls. The relative mRNA abundance of the histone methyltransferase SUV39H1, which regulates histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3), was increased in both DCAF13- and RNF114-attenuated embryos, but nuclear immunofluorescence signal for H3K9me3 on day 3 embryos was not significantly altered between attenuated and control embryos. Nuclear immunofluorescence signal for H3K4m3 was decreased in DCAF13-attenuated embryos, but it was increased in RNF114-attenuated embryos compared to controls. Attenuation of DCAF13 and RNF114 mRNAs increased transcript levels for the DNA recombinase RAD51 and decreased expression of phosphorylated histone H2A.X (γH2AX), which suggests an impact on DNA damage repair. In addition, lower mRNA expression of the lysine demethylases 5B (KDM5B) and 5C (KDM5C), both involved in embryo genome activation and DNA repair, was detected in DCAF13-attenuated embryos. These findings indicated that both DCAF13 and RNF114 have important roles in the regulation of the early development of porcine embryos.
The reform of the crisis management and deposit insurance framework: An overview
Authors: Annoscia Dario , Martinez Cristiano 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Crisis Management and Deposit Insurance (CMDI) legal framework brought important benefits in terms of protecting financial stability while avoiding contagion, safeguarding the functioning of the single market, minimising recourse to taxpayers money, significantly improving depositor protection and contributing to boosting consumers’ confidence in the EU banking sector. However, according to the European Commission, it could be further improved especially with regard to smaller and medium-sized banks. This article presents an overview of the European Commission’s legislative proposals addressing those shortcomings and aimed at strengthening the CMDI legal framework, which was presented in April 2023. The core part of this reform is made up of three legislative proposals amending the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (Directive 2014/59/EU), the Single Resolution Mechanism Regulation (Regulation 806/2014) and the Deposit Guarantee Schemes Directive (Directive 2014/49/EU). The fourth legislative proposal, would amend the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive and the Single Resolution Mechanism Regulation with regard to targeted provisions on minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities.
SABERES DAS DANÇAS DE SALÃO E A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE JUIZ DE FORA - MG
Authors: Franco Neil , Paiva Annelise Gomes de 
Published: October 2023

Analisar e discutir os saberes docentes curriculares e institucionais que constituem a formação de professores/as de Danças de Salão (DS) de Juiz de Fora - MG, graduados/as em Educação Física (EF), é o objetivo deste estudo. Configura-se como uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa estruturada através da correlação de fontes bibliográficas, documentais e empíricas. Teoricamente, dialogamos com autores/as do campo da formação de professores/as, em especial, Maurice Tardif (2014), além de referenciais específicos do campo da Dança e DS. O material empírico foi construído a partir de conversações com 04 professores de DS, graduados em EF, atantes em Juiz de Fora – MG, ademais de uma quinta professora, autora do estudo, que também compartilhou suas experiências formativas em DS. De acordo com as narrativas dos sujeitos, inferimos que a graduação em EF deixa uma lacuna formativa com relação às DS, visto que não é integrada como uma disciplina específica e nem contemplada como um conteúdo na disciplina de Dança. Por outro lado, a graduação em EF corroborou tanto no processo de construção de uma identidade profissional dos sujeitos da pesquisa como no seu processo formativo. Por fim, a opção pela graduação em EF se deu devido a impossibilidade de parte dos sujeitos cursarem a faculdade de Dança, constituindo-se, para o grupo investigado, do caminho mais viável para obtenção de reconhecimento profissional para atuar com as DS.
Parental education and attitude of young adults towards their oral health - A cross-sectional study
Authors: Krishnan Parvathy , Bhat Sreevidya 
Published: October 2023

Socioeconomic factors are linked with the prevalence and burden of oral diseases, particularly in socially marginalized groups and developing countries. The Kerala health model shows the relevance of education and its direct link to attitudes towards health. We studied the relevance of the educational level of parents on the oral health attitude of 17–25-year-olds. The objective was to examine the relationship between parents’ education and oral health attitude, frequency of dental visits, self-rated oral health (SROH), refrainment from dental health care, awareness of follow-up treatment, and effect of female literacy on offspring’s oral health attitudes.College students in Kerala, who were 17-25 year-old were administered questionnaires either web-based via Google forms or paper-and-pencil-based, among a randomly selected sample of college students. The questionnaire sought information on parents' educational levels, SROH, oral care services and awareness regarding oral health. Univariate and bivariate analysis with Chi-squared test was done using SPSS.About 939 students participated in the survey. Among them, 60.7% were females and 39.3% were males and 84.5% were undergraduate and 15.5% were postgraduate students.Frequency of visiting a dentist, SROH, visit to a dentist on recall, and necessary for follow-up and dental visit were associated with father’s and mother’s level of education. Level of education of parents was associated with off-spring’s perception of oral health, and dental visit factors.
Knowledge, awareness and attitude of parents on pulp therapy of primary teeth: A questionnaire study
Authors: Mahabaleshwara Pooja , Hegde K Sundeep , Sargod Sharan S , Rao HT Ajay 
Published: October 2023

: Many of the parents are not aware that primary dentition should be maintained in the dental arch in a healthy state for the overall health of the child. They believe that the treatment of primary teeth is not necessary as they are replaced by permanent teeth.: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, awareness and attitude of parents towards primary tooth pulp therapy.: Pretested questionnaire which included the demographics like age, gender and education level with further investigative questions on the need for pulp therapy in primary teeth, knowledge about pulp treatment, importance of pulp treatment, reason of dental visit, restoration of carious tooth and preference of pulp therapy was offered to the participants. Data was collected and compiled using Excel software. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed to obtain the results.: A total of 78 parents participated in the study. Out of which, 69 were female and 9 were men. Based on the education level, parents who studied below 10 standard felt that dental treatment was not needed for primary teeth and 62.5% of them felt that pulp therapy of primary teeth is not needed. On the other hand, parents who completed postgraduation knew that primary teeth are important and dental treatment is required for primary teeth. There is significant lack of awareness among parents regarding treatment of primary teeth.This present study has strived to gather vital information on parents’ oral health awareness and attitudes towards their child’s decayed teeth. While some of the responses were valid, it was clear that parents are still unaware of some important aspects of their child's oral health.
Antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern of different microorganisms against nadifloxacin
Authors: Gala Monil Yogesh Neena , Muchhala Snehal , Bhagat Seema , Sanghavi Arti , Rathod Rahul , Kotak Bhavesh , Khadapkar Rashmi 
Published: October 2023

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are common and can have serious implications.Nadifloxacin’s broad-spectrum antibiotic activity may potentially provide therapeutic benefits for skininfections. Also, it offers a viable alternative therapy for topical agent resistance.This study investigates the antimicrobial susceptibility of eight micro-organisms to four important topical antibiotics: Mupirocin, Clindamycin, Fusidic acid, and Nadifloxacin.Antibiotic susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion, Epsilometer test (E-Test), and Micro-broth dilution methods. Mueller Hinton and Brucella blood agar served as growth media. HiComb strips from HiMedia were used, and QC strains were tested. Kirby-Bauer assessed Zone of Inhibition; HiComb determined MIC via gradient; Micro-broth dilution gauged growth in antibiotic-diluted broth.The disk diffusion method revealed varying resistance percentages for antibiotics. Clindamycin had the highest resistance (62%) followed by fusidic acid (47%), Nadifloxacin (15%), and mupirocin (5%). Among gram-positive isolates, Nadifloxacin and mupirocin had 100% sensitivity, while Fusidic acid showed moderate resistance (19%) and clindamycin highest resistance (42%). Among gram-negative isolates, clindamycin and fusidic acid had 100% resistance, while Nadifloxacin (42%) and mupirocin (15%) showed comparatively low resistance. Among the 57 species isolates, including 49 isolates of and 8 isolates of the antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed a MIC value &#60;4 μg/ml of Nadifloxacin, with a high level of sensitivity across all isolates.Nadifloxacin’s superior efficacy in the study can be attributed to its mechanism of action, targeting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, making it suitable for bacterial infections, particularly those involving the skin and soft tissuesOut of four antibiotics tested, Nadifloxacin was found to be effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative strains of bacteria.
The Influence of Somatic Maturity to Anthropometrics and Body Composition in Youth Football Players
Authors: Kalčíková Pavlína , Přidalová Miroslava 
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare players anthropometric (AP) and body composition (BC) characteristics between different maturity bands (pre-PHV, circa-PHV, post-PHV)) in youth elite football. This study considered 320 male football players (mean age 13.8 y.) from U14 (n=157) and U15 (n=163) age-groups. The Khamis-Roche method was used for calculating the percentage of predicted adult height (PAH) at the time of observation based on which the players were further divided into maturity bands (pre-PHV ≤ 87%, circa-PHV = 88-95%, post-PHV &gt; 95%). Height and weight were measured, body mass index (BMI), fat free mass (FFM), total body water (TBW), body fat mass (BFM), percentage of body fat (%BF), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), FFM of both upper limbs and lower limbs and FFM of trunk were estimated according to In-body 270. All observed AP and BC characteristics differed between maturity bands (F= 139.344 – 7.925; p&lt; 0.001; large effect sizes) except the BFM (F= 2.998; p=0.051; small effect size). Current somatic maturity stage of athletes should be considered while evaluating BC results, otherwise there is a risk of misinterpretation.
Effects of 3D Printing Parameters on Mechanical Properties of ABS Samples
Authors: Ahmad Mohd Nazri , Yahya Abdullah 
Published: October 2023

The most modern technique utilized to create intricate and complexly manufactured parts for a variety of applications is called additive manufacturing (AM). Fused deposition modeling (FDM) has received the greatest attention in the development and manufacturing sectors. The main objective of this study was to investigate how printing factors affected the mechanical characteristics of printed samples. Samples were produced using an FDM 3D printer in compliance with ASTM D638 using a variety of input settings, including orientation, layer thickness, speed, and infill pattern. On the printed samples, tensile tests and morphological analysis using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were done. The findings of this study demonstrate that factors including layer thickness, printing speed, and orientation significantly affect the tensile strength of ABS printed samples. Discovering the process settings that could lead to superior mechanical and physical characteristics would undoubtedly assist designers and manufacturers worldwide as the FDM 3D printer becomes more and more crucial in manufacturing engineering parts.
Diagnostic Approach to Lower Limbs Entrapment Neuropathies. A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Drăghici Nicu Cătălin , Vacaras Vitalie , Bolchis Roxana , Bashimov Atamyrat , Domnița Diana Maria , Ilut Silvina , Popa Livia Livinț , Lupescu Tudor Dimitrie , Mureșanu Dafin Fior 
Published: October 2023

Entrapment neuropathies of the lower limb are a misunderstood and underdiagnosed group of disorders, characterized by pain and dysesthesia, muscular weakness, and specific provoking movements on physical examination. The most frequent of these syndromes encountered in clinical practice are fibular nerve entrapment, proximal tibial neuropathy, sural nerve neuropathy, deep gluteal syndrome or sciatic nerve entrapment and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve entrapment, also known as meralgia paresthetica. They are commonly mistaken for lumbar plexopathies, radiculopathies, and musculotendinous diseases, which appear even more frequently and have overlapping clinical presentations. A comprehensive anamnesis, physical examination, and electrodiagnostic studies should help clarify the diagnosis. If the diagnosis is still unclear or a secondary cause of entrapment is suspected, magnetic resonance neurography, MRI or ultrasonography should be conducted to clarify the etiology, rule out other diseases and confirm the diagnosis. Moreover, clinicians should gain familiarity with this disease and their diagnostic confidence should increase, leading to early diagnosis of nerve damage and prevention of muscle atrophy. The reviewed and updated epidemiology, anatomy, pathophysiology, etiology, clinical presentation and EDX technique and interpretation of the entrapment neuropathies of the lower limb are further described in this article.