bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase Behaviors of Gas Condensate at Pore Scale: Direct Visualization via Microfluidics and In-Situ CT Scanning
Authors: Jing Wenlong , Zhang Lei , Li Aifen , Liu Tengyu , Cheng Yulong , Sun Hai , Yang Yongfei , Zhu Guangpu , Yao Jun , Zhong Junjie 
Published: January 2024

Summary
Gas condensate is stored in multiscale pores, fractures, and vugs within geological formations. Confinement within these structures significantly influences the phase behavior of gas condensate, rendering it challenging to characterize through conventional bulk pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) measurements. In this study, we used microfluidics and in-situ computed tomography (CT) scanning to directly measure the upper dewpoint of gas condensate and the gas/oil ratio in porous media during depressurization. We used two microfluidic chips with different pore sizes to investigate the confinement effects on gas condensate phase behavior at various scales, including pores as small as 50 nm. Our results revealed a significant increase in the upper dewpoint within the pores compared to bulk PVT measurements, with a more pronounced deviation at smaller pore sizes. Additionally, the proportion of condensate oil in porous media exceeded that observed in bulk PVT measurements at the same pressure. To validate our microfluidic findings, we conducted in-situ CT scanning experiments using a porous media model created by packing quartz particles. CT scans revealed pores ranging from a few micrometers to over 100 micrometers. Consistently, we observed an increase in the upper dewpoint and liquid ratio within these pores. Our study provides crucial experimental evidence indicating that the phase behavior of gas condensate in porous media deviates from bulk PVT measurements. The observed increase in the upper dewpoint, even within micrometer-sized pores, has important implications for phase equilibrium calculations.
The Environmental and Socioeconomic Effects of Tuberculosis Patients in the Southwest of China: a population-based study
Authors: Xia Lan , Wei Wen , Zhou Zonglei , Zhang Wenqiang , Luan Rongsheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and ind the risk factors of TB patients with a high burden of TB in socioeconomic level, the high level of TB incidence and the great changes of economic and social factors, explore the possible factors, construct scientiic and robust prediction model, and analyse whether the task of stopping TB can be accomplished by the ex- pected global deadline.
Study design: This was an ecological study.
Methods: Descriptive analysis, spatial and space-time scan, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were carried out, based on cases of TB in Sichuan Province and ecological data from 2006 to 2017, to explore the characters of TB and ecological factors, using the transfer functionenoise model to forecast the trend of TB until 2035.
Results: Factors affecting the incidence of TB, increasing per capita green area, reporting status of TB among Tibetans and Yi minorities, comprehensive treatment management, total cost of TB per capita for urban residents, proportion of males with high school education, 20 to 20 h of 24-h accumulated precipitation, reducing HIV at the same time as AIDS deaths, the increase in the proportion of males in junior highschool education, and the increase in the number of registered TB cases can reduce the incidence of TB.
Conclusions: There was concentration mainly on enhanced control of the environment and society measures, helpful in guiding government planning to control TB. Reinforcement is required to reduce the TB of population aged 15e24 and aged 25e64 in socioeconomic level by 2035.
Association of high alpha-Klotho-levels in CSF with a later onset of cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson´s disease
Authors: Zimmermann Milan , Fandrich Madeleine , Jakobi Meike , Schulte Claudia , Roeben Benjamin , Wurster Isabel , Lerche Stefanie , Zimmermann Shahrzad , Deuschle Christian , Schneiderhan-Marra Nicole , Gasser Thomas , Brockmann Kathrin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related condition characterized by substantial phenotypic variability. Consequently, pathways and proteins involved in biological aging, such as the central aging pathway comprising IGF1, alpha-Klotho, FOXO3a, and PPARγ, may potentially influence disease progression.
Methods: We examined CSF levels of alpha-Klotho in 471 PD patients. Of the 471 patients, 96 carried a GBA1-variant, while the 375 non-carriers were classified as PD wildtype. Each patient was stratified into a CSF alpha-Klotho tertile group based on the individual level. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analysis was conducted.
Results: Among Parkinson's disease patients, those with the highest tertile of CSF alpha-Klotho levels reached the "disease milestone" of cognitive impairment at a later stage compared to those in the lowest tertile.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that reduced CSF levels of alpha-Klotho are associated with accelerated cognitive decline in PD. This association appears to be predominantly pronounced in PD GBA1 patients.
The relative contributions of species turnover and intraspecific trait variation to community functional composition are determined by functional trait categories following nutrient enrichment
Authors: zhou xiaolong , Dong Liuwen , Zhang Yongjun , Li Jingdong , Ren Zhengwei , Niu Kechang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Functional composition has been extensively used to study variation in community structure and maintenance of ecosystem functioning in recent years. However, the drivers of functional composition in terms of species turnover and intraspecific trait variation (ITV) have still not been unambiguously distinguished, and the primary determining factors of those two components have not been made clear, especially under nutrient enrichment scenarios. In this study, we used a global data synthesis analysis and three multiple nutrient addition experiments conducted in two sites of alpine grassland to determine the extent to which species turnover and ITV contribute to functional composition shifts following nutrient enrichment. Our results showed that functional traits categories, but not environmental factors (fertilization type, climatic factors, soil properties and light transmittance), primarily determine the relative contributions of species turnover and ITV in driving shifts in community functional composition following nutrient enrichment. For whole plant traits (height) and leaf morphological traits (specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC)), the relative extents of species turnover generally exceeded ITV in most nutrient addition treatments. However, for leaf chemical traits (leaf N content (LNC) and leaf P content (LPC)), the effects of ITV overwhelmed species turnover in almost all nutrient addition treatments. Those findings are robust across different nutrient addition types and gradients. To our knowledge, this is the first study to combine global data with multisite experiments to explore the drivers of shifts in community functional composition. Future research should focus on exploring the mechanism behind these patterns and linking species turnover and ITV to community assembly processes under global nutrient enrichment scenarios.
The effects of microwave and oven drying on bioactive compounds individual phenolic constituents and the fatty acids profiles of bitter orange, mandarin and grapefruit peel and oils
Authors: Ahmed Isam A. Mohammed , Özcan Mehmet Musa , uslu Nurhan , Mohammed Belal M. , Adiamo Oladipupo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Total phenol amounts of bitter orange, mandarin and grape fruit peels dried were measured between 627.21 (70oC) and 1280.03 mg GAE/100g (control), 485.50 (900 W) and 991.39 mg GAE/100g (control) and 393.03 (100oC) and 847.04 mg GAE/100g (control),respectively. The cathechin contents of bitter orange and mandarin peels dried were identified between 174.29 (100oC) and 527.54 mg /100g (control) to 160.02 (control) and 255.46 mg /100g (70oC), respectively. Also, the catechin amounts of grapefruit peels varied between 177.72 (70oC) and 446.75 mg/100g (control). Rutin contents of bitter orange peel change between 48.84 (540 W) and 380.20 mg/100g (control). Oleic acid results of bitter orange, mandarin and grapefruit peel oils were identified between 20.26 (control) and 49.82% (70oC), 7.64 (control) and 53.46% (70oC) and 40.25% (control)and 50.30% (70oC), respectively. While linoleic acid results of bitter orange peel oils are recorded between 17.08 (70oC) and 30.46% (control), the linoleic acid results of mandarin and grape fruit peel oils were identified between 18.23 (70oC) and 35.55% (control) to18.05 (70oC) and 29.28% (control), respectively.
Between-Word Processing and Text-Level Skills Contributing to Fluent Reading of (Non)Word Lists and Text
Authors: Viersen Sietske van , Altani Angeliki , de Jong Peter F. , Protopapas Athanassios 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Recent studies have shown that fluent reading of word lists requires additional skills beyond efficient recognition of individual words. This study examined the specific contribution of between-word processing (sequential processing efficiency, indexed by serial digit RAN) and subskills related to text-level processing (vocabulary and syntactic skills) to a wide range of reading fluency tasks, while accounting for within-word processes (i.e., those involved in phonological recoding, orthographic decoding, and sight word reading). The sample included 139 intermediate-level (Grade 3, n = 78) and more advanced (Grade 5, n = 61) readers of Dutch. Fluency measures included simple and complex lists of words and nonwords, and a complex text. Data were analyzed through hierarchical regressions and commonality analyses. The findings confirm the importance of between-word processing for fluent reading and extend evidence from simple word lists and texts to complex word lists and texts, and simple and complex lists of nonwords. The findings hold for both intermediate-level and more advanced readers and, as expected, the contribution of between-word processing increased with reading-skill level. Effects of vocabulary were generally absent, aside from a small effect on text reading fluency in Grade 3. No effects of syntactic skills were found, even in more advanced readers. The results support the idea that once efficient individual word recognition is in place, further fluency development is driven by more efficient between-word processing. The findings also confirm that vocabulary may be less prominent in processing mechanisms underlying fluent word identification in transparent orthographies, across reading levels.
Spatial single-cell profiling of deeply matched extreme long-term surviving glioblastoma patients reveals a distinct immune and stem cell driven ecosystem
Authors: Decraene Brecht , Antoranz Asier , Vanmechelen Maxime , Coppens Grégoire , Shankar Gautam , Spans Lien , Verbeke Tatjana , Solie Lien , Dubroja Nikolina , Nazari Pouya , Derweduwe Marleen , Sciot Raf , De Visser Yanti , Andhari Madhavi , Hecke Manon Van , Bempt Isabelle Vanden , Loon Joannes van , Agostinis Patrizia , Bamps Sven , Gijtenbeek Anja , Noens Bonny , Duerinck Johnny , De Mulder Gert , Weyns Frank , Broekman Marike , Govaere Olivier , Reuss David E , De Smet Frederik , De Vleeschouwer Steven 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity have been suggested to substantially contribute to variations in tumoral behavior and survival in Glioblastoma (GBM). However, the exact contribution of the interplay between cancer cells and their microenvironment remains poorly understood. From a cohort of 2632 GBM patients, we selected 12 extreme long-term GBM survivors (eLTS, survival over 10 years) and 22 rigorously clinically matched short-term survivors (STS, survival less than 20 months). We compared the spatial composition and cellular interactions within the tumor microenvironment using high-dimensional, multiplexed immunofluorescence and spatial transcriptomics. Through extensive data analysis, we identified a specific perivascular niche in STS patients marked by a strong enrichment of the immunosuppressive milieu featuring CD133+ Glioma Stem Cells (GSCs), alternatively activated HMOX1high/PDL1high macrophages (MFs), and exhausted T-cytotoxic lymphocytes (Tcyts). By contrast, eLTS patients were characterized by an enrichment of immunocompetent HLA-DRhigh MFs and Tcyts that infiltrate deep into the tissue. Our work offers insights into the unique stem cells and immunosuppressive-driven ecosystems that underlie substantial differences in survival in GBM patients.
Novel monocyte sub-populations in Sprague Dawley rats revealed by detailed analysis of CD43 and CD11b expression using a single-stain 11-colour fluorescence activated cell sorting protocol
Authors: Doig Ryan O'Hare , Jenkner Sandra , Grose Randall , Lewis Martin , Thomas Daniel , Gronthos Stan , Clark Jillian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Monocytes are a diverse population of white blood cells with critical roles in immunity and inflammation. The rat is commonly used for immunological investigations, but comprehensive characterization of rat monocytes/macrophages has been hampered by limited accessibility to immunophenotyping capabilities in hospitals and medical research institutions. Here, we developed a single-stain 11-color fluorescence activated cell sorting protocol to identify and enumerate major peripheral blood mononuclear cell subgroups (pan T cells, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, NK cells, B cells) and monocyte sub-populations in healthy Sprague-Dawley rats. Cell surface marker expression and frequency of populations was validated in 8 male and 13 female rats and compared between young vs aged and cryopreserved vs fresh samples. We identified four putative monocyte sub-populations based on differential CD43 and CD11b expression, including two novel sub-populations (CD43Lo/CD11bLo and CD43Hi/CD11bLo) not previously described in rats. Each sub-population exhibited distinct cell morphology and surface marker profiles. Monocyte sub-population frequencies and surface expression were robust across sex, age and cryopreservation status. Immunophenotypically distinct monocyte sub-populations are increasingly recognized in both humans and mice, but only two sub-populations (CD43Hi and CD43Lo) have been described thus far for rats. Our data underscore the complexity and species-dependent variability of monocyte sub-populations and highlight the presence of at least four distinct monocyte sub-populations in Sprague Dawley rats. This validated panel will support consistency in rat immunological research, warranting further in-depth functional characterization of novel monocyte sub-populations.
Novel monocyte sub-populations revealed by detailed analysis of CD43 and CD11b expression in Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Jenkner Sandra , Grose Randall , Lewis Martin , Thomas Daniel , Gronthos Stan , Clark Jillian , Doig Ryan O'Hare 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Monocytes are a diverse population of white blood cells with critical roles in immunity and inflammation. The rat is commonly used for immunological investigations, but comprehensive characterization of rat monocytes/macrophages has been hampered by limited accessibility to immunophenotyping capabilities in hospitals and medical research institutions. Here, we developed a single-stain 11-color fluorescence activated cell sorting protocol to identify and enumerate major peripheral blood mononuclear cell subgroups (pan T cells, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, NK cells, B cells) and monocyte sub-populations in healthy Sprague-Dawley rats. Cell surface marker expression and frequency of populations was validated in 8 male and 13 female rats and compared between young vs aged and cryopreserved vs fresh samples. We identified four putative monocyte sub-populations based on differential CD43 and CD11b expression, including two novel sub-populations (CD43Lo/CD11bLo and CD43Hi/CD11bLo) not previously described in rats. Each sub-population exhibited distinct cell morphology and surface marker profiles. Monocyte sub-population frequencies and surface expression were robust across sex, age and cryopreservation status. Immunophenotypically distinct monocyte sub-populations are increasingly recognized in both humans and mice, but only two sub-populations (CD43Hi and CD43Lo) have been described thus far for rats. Our data underscore the complexity and species-dependent variability of monocyte sub-populations and highlight the presence of at least four distinct monocyte sub-populations in Sprague Dawley rats. This validated panel will support consistency in rat immunological research, warranting further in-depth functional characterization of novel monocyte sub-populations.
A proteomics approach to isolating neuropilin-dependent α5 integrin trafficking pathways: neuropilin 1 and 2 co-traffic α5 integrin through endosomal p120RasGAP to promote polarised fibronectin fibrillogenesis in endothelial cells
Authors: Robinson Stephen , Benwell Christopher , johnson Robert , taylor james , Lambert Jordi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Integrin trafficking to/from membrane adhesions is a crucial mechanism that dictates many aspects of a cell’s behaviour, including motility, polarisation, and invasion. In endothelial cells (ECs), the intracellular traffic of α5-integrin is regulated by both neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and neuropilin-2 (NRP2), yet the redundancies in function between these co-receptors remain unclear. Moreover, the endocytic complexes that participate in NRP-directed traffic remain poorly annotated. Using comprarative label-free quantitative mass-spectrometry, we isolate a comprehensive map of α5-integrin’s associations in ECs, including its NRP1-dependent, NRP2-dependent, and NRP1/NRP2-co-dependent trafficking routes. We identify a putative trafficking pathway dependent on both NRP1 and NRP2, which promotes the recycling of α5-integrin from early endosomes via the GTPase-activating protein p120RasGAP. Mechanistically, p120RasGAP enables transit of endocytosed α5-integrin-NRP1-NRP2 complexes to Rab11+ recycling endosomes, promoting cell polarisation and fibronectin (FN)fibrillogenesis. Silencing both NRP receptors, or p120RasGAP, results in the accumulation of α5-integrin in early endosomes, a loss of α5-integrin from surface adhesions, and attenuated EC polarisation. Importantly, endothelial-specific deletion of both NRP1 and NRP2 in the postnatal retina recapitulates our in vitro findings, severely impairing FN fibrillogenesis and polarised sprouting. Our data assign an essential role for p120RasGAP during integrin traffic in ECs and show NRP receptors can co-traffic internalised cargoes.
Comparison of hydrological modeling, Artificial Neural Networks and multi-criteria decision making approaches for determining Flood Source Areas
Authors: Azari Mahmood , Mahmoodi Erfan , Dastorani Mohammad Taghi , Salavati Aryan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Flood risk management is a critical task which necessitates flood forecasting and identifying flood source areas for implementation of prevention measures in a basin. Hydrological models, multi-criteria decision models (MCDM) and data-driven models such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been used for identifying flood source areas within a watershed. The aim of this study is comparing the results of hydrological modeling, MCDM and ANN approaches in order to identify and prioritize flood source areas. The study results show that the classification results of the hydrological model and the artificial neural network have a significant correlation; also the correlation between the TOPSIS method with the hydrological model (0.252) and the artificial neural network (0.233) indicates that none of the sub-basins in the Very high, High and Very low classes are similar in the above methods. Since the neural network model has simulated the HEC-HMS classifications very accurately, it can be concluded that this model has performed very well as compared to the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making method.
Cause-specific excess mortality in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020–2022: a study using nationwide population data
Authors: Nilsson Anton , Emilsson Louise , Kepp Kasper P , Knudsen Ann Kristin Skrindo , Forthun Ingeborg , Madsen Christian , Björk Jonas , Lallukka Tea 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
While there is substantial evidence on excess mortality in the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, no study has conducted a cause-specific analysis of excess mortality for the whole period 2020–2022 across multiple countries. We examined cause-specific excess mortality during 2020–2022 in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden – four countries with similar demographics and welfare provisions, which implemented different pandemic response policies.
Methods
Utilizing nationwide register-based information on cause-specific deaths stratified by age and sex, we applied linear regression models to predict mortality in 2020–2022 based on the reference period 2010–2019. Excess deaths were obtained by contrasting actual and predicted deaths. Additional analyses employed standardization to a common population, as well as population adjustments to account for previous deaths.
Results
Besides deaths due to COVID-19 (a total of 32,491 during 2020–2022), all countries experienced excess deaths due to cardiovascular diseases (in total 11,610 excess deaths), and under-mortality due to respiratory diseases other than COVID-19 (in total 9878) and dementia (in total 8721). The excess mortality due to cardiovascular diseases was particularly pronounced in Finland and Norway in 2022, and the under-mortality due to dementia was particularly pronounced in Sweden in 2021–2022.
Conclusions
While COVID-19 deaths emerge as the most apparent consequence of the pandemic, our findings suggest that mortality has also been influenced by substitutions between different causes of death and over time, as well as indirect consequences of COVID-19 infection and pandemic responses – albeit to different extents in the different countries.