bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiology of exercise and heart failure treatments: cardiopulmonary exercise testing as a tool for choosing the optimal therapeutic strategy
Authors: Campodonico Jeness , Contini Mauro , Alimento Marina , Mapelli Massimo , Salvioni Elisabetta , Mattavelli Irene , Bonomi Alice , Agostoni Piergiuseppe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the last decades, the pharmacological treatment of heart failure (HF) become more complex due to the availability of new highly effective drugs. Although the cardiovascular effects of HF therapies have been extensively described, less known are their effects on cardiopulmonary function considered as a whole, both at rest and in response to exercise. This is a ‘holistic’ approach to disease treatment that can be accurately evaluated by a cardiopulmonary exercise test. The aim of this paper is to assess the main differences in the effects of different drugs [angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor blockers, β-blockers, Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, renal sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, iron supplementation] on cardiopulmonary function in patients with HF, both at rest and during exercise, and to understand how these differences can be taken into account when choosing the most appropriate treatment protocol for each individual patient leading to a precision medicine approach.
Exercise oscillatory ventilation: the past, present, and future
Authors: Cunha Gonçalo , Apostolo Anna , De Martino Fabiana , Salvioni Elisabetta , Matavelli Irene , Agostoni Piergiuseppe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV) is a fascinating event that can be appreciated in the cardiopulmonary exercise test and is characterized by a cyclic fluctuation of minute ventilation, tidal volume, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, and end-tidal pressure for oxygen and carbon dioxide. Its mechanisms stem from a dysregulation of the normal control feedback of ventilation involving one or more of its components, namely, chemoreflex delay, chemoreflex gain, plant delay, and plant gain. In this review, we intend to breakdown therapeutic targets according to pathophysiology and revise the prognostic value of exercise oscillatory ventilation in the setting of heart failure and other diagnoses.
Dysregulation of ventilation at day and night time in heart failure
Authors: Contini Mauro , Mapelli Massimo , Carriere Cosimo , Gugliandolo Paola , Aliverti Andrea , Piepoli Massimo , Angelucci Alessandra , Baracchini Nikita , Capovilla Teresa Maria , Agostoni Piergiuseppe 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is characterized by an increase in ventilatory response to exercise of multifactorial aetiology and by a dysregulation in the ventilatory control during sleep with the occurrence of both central and obstructive apnoeas. In this setting, the study of the ventilatory behaviour during exercise, by cardiopulmonary exercise testing, or during sleep, by complete polysomnography or simplified nocturnal cardiorespiratory monitoring, is of paramount importance because of its prognostic value and of the possible effects of sleep-disordered breathing on the progression of the disease. Moreover, several therapeutic interventions can significantly influence ventilatory control in HF. Also, rest daytime monitoring of cardiac, metabolic, and respiratory activities through specific wearable devices could provide useful information for HF management. The aim of the review is to summarize the main studies conducted at Centro Cardiologico Monzino on these topics.
Neuropathology consultation rates in medico-legal autopsies show substantial within-country variation—a nationwide Finnish study
Authors: Oura Petteri , Eklin Aki , Sajantila Antti 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Neuropathology consultations are an essential part of medico-legal cause-of-death investigations. However, there are little data on the rates of neuropathological examinations in medico-legal autopsies. The present nationwide, retrospective, register-based study aimed to report and compare neuropathology consultation rates (i.e. the percentages of medico-legal autopsies with a neuropathology consultation) in five Finnish regions from 2016 to 2021. The dataset comprised 50 457 medico-legal autopsies with 1 274 neuropathology consultations. Overall, ~1 in 40 autopsies (2.5%) involved a neuropathology consultation. Consultation rates were lowest in the Southern Finland region (1.4%) and highest in the Southwestern Finland and Åland region (6.5%). Throughout the study period, the consultation rates of Southwestern Finland and Åland were 1.5 to 9.4 times those of other regions (P &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, this nationwide Finnish study identified substantial differences in neuropathology consultation rates between regions, which may indicate regional differences in conventions and policies. However, the “optimal” consultation rate remains unknown. Future studies are required to further understand the differences in autopsy practices within the Finnish context as well as in medico-legal institutions elsewhere.

Key points
Transcription factor CsTT8 promotes fruit coloration by positively regulating the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway and carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in citrus (Citrus spp.)
Authors: Sun Quan , He Zhengchen , Wei Ranran , Yin Yingzi , Ye Junli , Chai Lijun , Xie Zongzhou , Guo Wenwu , Xu Juan , Cheng Yunjiang , Xu Qiang , Deng Xiuxin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Carotenoids directly influence citrus fruit color and nutritional value, which is critical to consumer acceptance. Elucidating the potential molecular mechanism underlying carotenoid metabolism is of great importance for improving fruit quality. Despite the well-established carotenoid biosynthetic pathways, the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying carotenoid metabolism remains poorly understood. Our previous studies have reported that the Myc-type basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF) regulates citrus proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. Transgenic analyses further showed that overexpression of CsTT8 could significantly promote carotenoid accumulation in transgenic citrus calli, but its regulatory mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, we found that overexpression of CsTT8 enhances carotenoid content in citrus fruit and calli by increasing the expression of CsDXR, CsHDS, CsHDR, CsPDS, CsLCYE, CsZEP, and CsNCED2, which was accompanied by changes in the contents of abscisic acid and gibberellin. The in vitro and in vivo assays indicated that CsTT8 directly bound to the promoters of CsDXR, CsHDS, and CsHDR, the key metabolic enzymes of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, thus providing precursors for carotenoid biosynthesis and transcriptionally activating the expression of these three genes. In addition, CsTT8 activated the promoters of four key carotenoid biosynthesis pathway genes, CsPDS, CsLCYE, CsZEP, and CsNCED2, directly promoting carotenoid biosynthesis. This study reveals a novel network of carotenoid metabolism regulated by CsTT8. Our findings will contribute to manipulating carotenoid metabolic engineering to improve the quality of citrus fruit and other crops.
Inherent irreversibility in unsteady magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow past a slippery permeable vertical plate with fractional-order derivative
Authors: Khan Zafar H , Makinde Oluwole D , Usman Muhammad , Ahmad Rashid , Khan Waqar A , Huang Zaitang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on fractional-order derivatives for the unsteady flow of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) methanol-iron oxide (CH3OH-Fe3O4) nanofluid over a permeable vertical plate. The utilization of fractional-order derivatives provides a mathematical representation of the flow model. The concluding model, consisting of a system of fractional-order transient partial differential equations, has been solved using the finite difference method, and graphical illustrations demonstrate the effects of key parameters on the flow field. Velocity and temperature profiles provide insights into nanofluid behavior. Additionally, essential quantities such as skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, Bejan number, and entropy generation rate have been depicted graphically. Comparison with previous studies authenticates the accuracy of the anticipated model, contributing to new intuitions into MHD nanofluid flow over a permeable vertical plate. It is worth noting that the current model, incorporating fractional-order derivatives, contributes to understanding the physical characteristics of MHD CH3OH-Fe3O4 nanofluid flow over a permeable vertical plate, research that has not been extensively explored before.
Laying the Groundwork for a Fulfilling Career in Pediatric Infectious Diseases: The Transition From Fellowship to Faculty
Authors: Kushner Lauren E , Ristagno Elizabeth H , Dong Sara W , Konold Victoria J L , Fatemi Yasaman , Stillwell Terri L , Wohrley Julie D , Sattler Matthew M , Kalu Ibukunoluwa C , Boguniewicz Juri 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
There are limited resources for guidance on the transition from fellowship into a new faculty role in pediatric infectious diseases. This review aims to address this gap and provides a framework for a successful transition that is composed of four essential pillars—(1) stepping into your role, (2) finding your niche, (3) building your network, and (4) self-care—all of which are supported by strong mentorship/sponsorship and continual realignment with one’s personal mission statement. In addition to providing general principles and guidance, this review also outlines specific steps that a junior faculty member can take to expand their influence and build a successful, fulfilling career in pediatric infectious diseases.
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Hospitalization in Hong Kong Children Aged 9 Months to 17 Years, March–June 2023
Authors: Cowling Benjamin J , Kwan Mike Y W , Murphy Caitriona , Chan Eunice L Y , Wong Joshua S C , Sullivan Sheena G , Peiris Malik , Lee So-Lun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In March–June 2023, we conducted a test-negative study in 1671 children who were hospitalized with acute respiratory illness in Hong Kong. Two hundred and eighty-six children (17.2%) were tested positive for influenza virus including 188 with A(H1N1). We estimated influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalization as 69.6% (95% confidence interval: 49.3%, 81.7%).
Life-threatening urosepsis because of ureteral entrapment within a large inguinal hernia
Authors: Chamzin Alexandros , Galyfos George , Saliaris Konstantinos , Frountzas Maximos , Theodorou Panagiotis , Theodorou Dimitrios 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ureteral hernias are an uncommon entity that are usually incidentally discovered during inguinal hernia repair. However, when symptomatic, they could cause severe symptoms from the urinary system and even affect renal function. We aim to report a rare case of a 91-year-old male patient with urosepsis because of ureteral entrapment within an inguinal hernia, and further discuss proper management of such cases.
R Stylo and the authorship determination of Henry V
Authors: Ilsemann Hartmut 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Over 25 years, Thomas Merriam has argued that Henry V was co-authored by Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe, and in his most recent publication ‘Is it time to reconsider Henry V’ (2023), he established differences in word length, which gives clear evidence. This article makes use of the R Stylo suite of stylometric tools and employs the Rolling Delta, Rolling Classify, and the General Imposters methods, all of which obtain the same result that Shakespeare used a Marlowe pretext in his composition of Henry V.
The relationship between lymphocyte DNA damage, coronary artery disease, and blood trace elements
Authors: Erdoğu İsmail , Dural Emrah , Altundağ Hüseyin , Oymak Tülay , Süzen Halit Sinan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Somatic DNA damage and causative factors (occupational exposures, foods, habits, etc.) are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, although knowledge about their role in coronary artery disease (CAD) is still insufficient. This study aimed to determine the effects of lymphocyte-DNA damage and blood trace element concentrations on CAD. The single-cell alkaline comet was used in the measuring of the lymphocyte DNA damage in blood samples obtained from patients (n = 99) whose CAD grade was determined by the syntax score while the angiographic intervention was carried out. Blood trace element (n = 14) concentrations were monitored by the inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after microwave digestion. The relationship between the DNA damage frequencies of the participants and their syntax scores, blood trace element concentrations, and other demographic and clinic parameters were statistically analyzed. Significant correlations were detected between comet data and syntax score (r = 0.858, P &lt; .001), age (r = 0.337, P &lt; .001), blood-urea (r = 0.360, P &lt; .001), creatinine (r = 0.388, P &lt; .001), HbA1c (0.218, P &lt; .05), ECG-QRS time (r = 0.286, P &lt; .01), ECHO-EF (r = −0.377, P &lt; .001), and platelet (r = −0.222, P &lt; .05). The DNA damage frequencies of the groups formed according to their CAD scores were significantly different from the control group (P &lt; .001) and also each other (P ≤ .01). Comet frequencies and CAD grades were found to be correlated with aging (P &lt; .05). DNA damage frequency and syntax score values were significantly (P &lt; .05) higher in males compared to females. Syntax scores were correlated with aging (r = 0.348, P &lt; .01), ECHO-EF (r = 0.374, P &lt; .001), blood-urea (r = 0.398, P &lt; .001), creatinine (r = 0.433, P &lt; .001), glucose (0.218, P &lt; .05), and HbA1c (r = 0.200, P &lt; .05). Significant correlations were observed between trace elements and demographic values, blood parameters, diseases, angio parameters, ECHO, and ECG parameters. It was observed that the concentrations of trace elements detected in the blood were 93.4% correlated with each other. Lymphocyte DNA damage is a strong biomarker for the atherosclerotic indicator of CAD. Aging is an effective factor both in the DNA damage frequency and CAD risk index. Creatinine and urea are factors that have the power to change the CAD risk index and DNA damage frequency. The higher DNA damage and CAD risk were monitored in males compared to females. The relationship between some biomarkers and blood trace element concentrations showed that further studies are needed to more accurately evaluate the relationship between trace elements, DNA damage frequencies, and CAD.
Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions: progress in efficacy and geographic equality
Authors: Xue Tao , Wang Ruohan , Wang Meng , Wang Yanying , Tong Dan , Meng Xia , Huang Conghong , Ai Siqi , Li Fangzhou , Cao Jingyuan , Tong Mingkun , Ni Xueqiu , Liu Hengyi , Deng Jianyu , Lu Hong , Wan Wei , Gong Jicheng , Zhang Shiqiu , Zhu Tong 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Clean air actions (CAAs) in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public health. However, whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is unknown. Using high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter [PM2.5] and ozone [O3]) and population, we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from, and geographic inequality embedded in, the reduced exposures to PM2.5 and O3 from 2013 to 2020. We used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases Study. By analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy (LLE) attributable to PM2.5 and O3, we calculated the gain of life expectancy (GLE) to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality improvement. Finally, we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index (GI). Based on risk assessments of PM2.5 and O3, during the first stage of CAAs (2013 to 2017), the mean GLE was 1.87 months. Half of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed (GI 0.44). During the second stage of CAAs (2017 to 2020), the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased (GI 0.18). According to our assessments, CAAs were enhanced, from the first to second stages, in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health inequalities. The enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5 and O3 levels. Our findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.
Unveiling the Human Brain Virome in Brodmann Area 46: Novel Insights Into Dysbiosis and Its Association With Schizophrenia
Authors: Ghorbani Mahin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Research suggests a potential role of the oral-neuro and gut-brain axes in schizophrenia, involving non-brain microbiomes such as salivary and gut microbiomes. However, the blood-brain barrier effectively prevents microorganism entry. Additionally, despite approximately 8% of the human genome consisting of retroviruses and the established link between viral infections and schizophrenia, the presence of a resident virome (a viral component of the microbiome) in the brain and its association with mental disorders remain unexplored. Methods: Whole-genome sequencing raw data from postmortem Brodmann Area 46 (BA46) tissue from 49 individuals (20 healthy controls [HCs], 29 with schizophrenia [SCZs]) obtained from the NCBI SRA database from BioProject: PRJNA422380.Virome profiles were retrieved using Metaphlan3, and viral signatures were identified using linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe). Mann-Whitney tests and receiver operating characteristic curve validated the viral signatures. Results: In BA46, 30 distinct species representing 9 phyla, 10 classes, 10 orders, 13 families, and 19 genera were identified. HCs exhibited greater alpha diversity, and there were significant differences in beta diversity between the groups. LEfSe analysis highlighted distinct viral levels, including Escherichia virus Lambda, Escherichia virus phiV10, Human endogenous retrovirus K, Taterapox virus, Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 1, and Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 in HCs, while Glypta fumiferanae ichnovirus and unknown virus showed higher levels in schizophrenia. Conclusion: This is the first study to identify a human brain virome associated with schizophrenia in BA46. Brain virome dysbiosis may be associated with mental illness, and viral signatures may serve as biomarkers for the early detection of schizophrenia.
The Associations Between United States Medical Licensing Examination Performance and Outcomes of Patient Care
Authors: Norcini John , Grabovsky Irina , Barone Michael A. , Anderson M. Brownell , Pandian Ravi S. , Mechaber Alex J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) comprises a series of assessments required for the licensure of U.S. MD-trained graduates as well as those who are trained internationally. Demonstration of a relationship between these examinations and outcomes of care is desirable for a process seeking to provide patients with safe and effective health care.

Method
This was a retrospective cohort study of 196,881 hospitalizations in Pennsylvania over a 3-year period (January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019) for 5 primary diagnoses: heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, pneumonia, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The 1,765 attending physicians for these hospitalizations self-identified as family physicians or general internists. A converted score based on USMLE Step 1, Step 2 Clinical Knowledge, and Step 3 scores was available, and the outcome measures were in-hospital mortality and log length of stay (LOS). The research team controlled for characteristics of patients, hospitals, and physicians.

Results
For in-hospital mortality, the adjusted odds ratio was 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.90, 0.99; P < .02). Each standard deviation increase in the converted score was associated with a 5.51% reduction in the odds of in-hospital mortality. For log LOS, the adjusted estimate was 0.99 (95% CI = 0.98, 0.99; P < .001). Each standard deviation increase in the converted score was associated with a 1.34% reduction in log LOS.

Conclusions
Better provider USMLE performance was associated with lower in-hospital mortality and shorter log LOS for patients, although the magnitude of the latter is unlikely to be of practical significance. These findings add to the body of evidence that examines the validity of the USMLE licensure program.
A Mixture of Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations During Pregnancy and Offspring Social Responsiveness Scale Scores
Authors: Yu Emma X. , Braun Joseph M. , Lyall Kristen , Hertz-Picciotto Irva , Fallin M. Daniele , Croen Lisa A. , Chen Aimin , Xu Yingying , Yolton Kimberly , Newschaffer Craig J. , Hamra Ghassan B. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Phthalates are a group of chemicals with ubiquitous exposure worldwide. Exposures to phthalates during pregnancy may play a role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) etiology by disrupting hormone levels or directly impacting fetal neurodevelopment. However, there is little research quantifying the aggregate effect of phthalates on child ASD-related behaviors.

Methods:
We used data from two prospective pregnancy and birth cohorts—the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) and the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI). HOME is a general population cohort while participants in EARLI were at higher familial risk for ASD. Using quantile g-computation and linear regression models, we assessed the joint and individual associations of a mixture of six phthalate metabolites during pregnancy with child ASD-related traits measured by Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores at ages 3–8 years.

Results:
Our analyses included 271 participants from HOME and 166 participants from EARLI. There were imprecise associations between the phthalate mixture and SRS total raw scores in HOME (difference in SRS scores per decile increase in every phthalate = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = –0.2, 2.8) and EARLI (difference in SRS scores per decile increase in every phthalate = –0.9; 95% CI = –3.5, 1.7).

Conclusions:
The cohort-specific effect sizes of the pthalates–SRS associations were small and CIs were imprecise. These results suggest that if there are associations between phthalate metabolites during pregnancy and child SRS scores, they may differ across populations with different familial liabilities. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.