bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of chairside CAD/CAM ceramic restorations on endodontically treated posterior teeth: a prospective study
Authors: Hu Su-Ning , Li Jing-Wen , Zhang Xi-Xi , Wei Rong , Liang Yu-Hong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome and risk factors for chairside CAD/CAM full cusp coverage restorations on endodontically treated posterior teeth after 3 years of follow-up.

Methods
A total of 245 endodontically treated posterior teeth of 224 patients were included and restored with CAD/CAM full cusp coverage all-ceramic restorations according to a standardized protocol. Patients were recalled after treatments 1 to 3 years and underwent clinical and radiological examinations. At recall, modified FDI criteria were used to determine treatment outcomes by 2 evaluators. Success was determined when FDI scores were 1–2, and failure was indicated when FDI scores were 5. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate potential risk factors.

Results
A total of 183 patients presented at recall, and the clinical outcomes of 201 teeth were analyzed with a recall rate of 82.0% for teeth and 81.7% for patients after 1–3 years of follow-up.185 of 201 teeth were found to have FDI scores of 1–2, and the success rate was 92%. No teeth were extracted during the follow-up period. Fourteen failed cases with an FDI score of 5 presented restoration dislocation, fracture of restoration or/and tooth. Logistic regression analysis revealed that oral parafunction (OR 2.281, 95% CI 2.2 ~ 47.5, P value 0.01) was a risk factor for success rate.

Conclusion
Chairside CAD/CAM all-ceramic full cusp coverage restoration was (could be) a promising alternative for restoring endodontically treated posterior teeth.
BML-111 inhibit H2O2-induced pyroptosis and osteogenic dysfunction of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Authors: Xu Yao , Chu Yi , Yang Wanrong , Chu Kefei , Li Sihui , Guo Ling 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Periodontitis is a common and harmful chronic inflammatory oral disease, characterized by the destruction of periodontal soft and hard tissues. The NLRP3 inflammasome-related pyroptosis and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) osteogenic dysfunction are involved in its pathogenesis. Studies have shown that lipoxin A4 is an endogenous anti-inflammatory mediator and BML-111 is a lipoxin A4 analog, which was found to have potent and durable anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory diseases, but the mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether BML-111 inhibits H2O2-induced dysfunction of hPDLFs, attenuates inflammatory responses, and identifies the underlying mechanisms.

Methods
The oxidative stress model was established with H2O2, and the cell proliferation activity was measured by CCK-8. ALP staining and alizarin red staining were used to detect the osteogenic differentiation capacity of cells; flow cytometry and ELISA were used to detect cell pyroptosis; we explored the effect of BML-111 on hPDLFs under oxidative stress by analyzing the results of PCR and Western blotting. The Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 was added to further identify the target of BML-111 and clarify its mechanism.

Results
BML-111 can alleviate the impaired cell proliferation viability induced by H2O2. H2O2 treatment can induce NLRP3 inflammasome-related pyroptosis, impairing the osteogenic differentiation capacity of hPDLFs. BML-111 can effectively alleviate H2O2-induced cellular dysfunction by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Conclusion
The results of this study confirmed the beneficial effects of BML-111 on H2O2-induced NLRP3 inflammasome-related pyroptosis in hPDLFs, and BML-111 could effectively attenuate the impaired osteogenic differentiation function. This beneficial effect is achieved by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, therefore, our results suggest that BML-111 is a potential drug for the treatment of periodontitis.
Comparison of physical activity levels and dietary habits between women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and healthy controls of reproductive age: a case-control study
Authors: Butt Muhammad Salman , Saleem Javeria , Zakar Rubeena , Aiman Sobia , Bukhari Gul Mehar Javaid , Fischer Florian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive hormonal anomaly prevalent among women of reproductive age, with an alarmingly high prevalence of 52% among Pakistani women. This study aims to compare the daily physical activity and dietary habits of women with PCOS with age-matched healthy controls living in Lahore, Pakistan.

Methods
A case–control study design was used to collect data from a private hospital situated in Lahore, Pakistan. Data was collected from 115 participants of reproductive age (18–45 years) using a researcher-administered questionnaire. Demographic variables, reproductive characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and seven days of physical activity levels using the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-Short version) and seven days of dietary intake using the food frequency questionnaire (7 days-FFQ) were used to measure the dietary habits of the participants. Mosby’s Nutritac v4.0 software was used to estimate the macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals present in dietary intake. The glycaemic index and glycaemic load were calculated to compare the quality and quantity of carbohydrate consumption between the two groups.

Results
The 49 PCOS cases, newly identified using the Rotterdam criteria, mean age 24.63 years (SD ± 4.76), and 66 healthy controls, mean age 23.24 years (SD ± 5.45), were compared. A significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) was found for reproductive characteristics, daily physical activity, and polyunsaturated fat and vitamin intake between the two groups. A binary logistic regression analysis showed that food with a low glycaemic index (GI ≤ 40) reduced the odds of PCOS occurrence by OR = 1.94. Similarly, food nutrients with a low glycaemic load (GL ≤ 10) can reduce PCOS occurrence by OR = 1.60.

Conclusion
The daily physical activity levels and dietary habits of women of reproductive age can influence their reproductive characteristics and polycystic ovarian morphology. A diet with a low glycaemic load and index can produce beneficial reproductive health effects among women of reproductive age.
Effect of YuPingFeng granules on clinical symptoms of stable COPD: study protocol for a multicenter, double-blind, and randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Ruifeng , Zhan Yangqing , Lin Zhengshi , Wu Xiao , Zhou Jinchao , Yang Zifeng , Zheng Jinping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Reducing current clinical symptoms and the risks of future exacerbations is the main goal of stable COPD management. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in chronic disease management. YuPingFeng (YPF), as a classical prescription, has been proven to reduce the risk of exacerbations, but there is a lack of high-quality evidence for the assessment of clinical symptoms and quality of life, particularly for the assessment of treatment response of microecology and immunity.

Methods/design
This is a prospective, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 316 eligible subjects with moderate to severe COPD will be randomized 1:1 to receive YPF or placebo. Participants will receive either YPF or a placebo at 5 g three times daily for 52 weeks. The primary outcome will be the change in the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score after 52 weeks of treatment. Secondary outcomes will include changes in the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score and clinical symptom score, among others. Outcomes will be measured at each visit. The study will continue for 52 weeks and will include six visits to each subject (at day 0 and weeks 4,12,24,36 and 52). In the event of exacerbations, subjects will be required to go back to the hospital once on the first day of exacerbation or when their condition permits.

Discussion
This trial will provide research methods to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and the possible mechanism of YPF in the treatment of stable moderate-to-severe COPD patients. In addition, we hope to provide more possibilities for TCM to participate in the management of stable COPD.

Trial registration
The trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry on 3 June 2022 (ChiCTR2200060476; date recorded: 3/6/2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/).
Students’ perception of the educational environment at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for health sciences using DREEM tool
Authors: Awawdeh Mohammed , Alosail Lama A. , Alqahtani Maram , Almotairi Afrah , Almikhem Rahaf N. , Alahmadi Rahaf A. , Aldughaither Aida A. , Alamoud Khalid A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Students’ learning results are influenced by the educational environment. The best learning environment is created when students are involved in the evaluation process of their education. The purpose of this study was to evaluate students’ perceptions of their learning environment at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in Riyadh using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) instrument.

Methods
This observational cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire using the Arabic version of the DREEM tool. Students from six colleges at KSAU-HS Riyadh campus were asked to complete the questionnaire through emails. The study was carried out between November 2021 and April 2022. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were performed for DREEM as both a continuous (two-way ANOVA test) and categorical variable (Chi-squared and Monte-Carlo test).

Results
A total of 370 students completed the questionnaire. The overall DREEM score for the study was 125.88/200, with a standard deviation of 58.79. SSP items received the highest scores, while SAP items earned the lowest scores. The college and the academic level showed statistically significant differences in the DREEM overall score and the five subscales, whereas gender showed no significant difference. The college of pharmacy scored the highest total DREEM score (140.35 ± 27.75), and scored higher among the five subscales than both colleges of dentistry (114.13 ± 29.74) and medicine (113.87 ± 33.03). Students in their third year had the greatest overall DREEM score (132.23 ± 29.76), and scored higher in SPL, SPA and SSP compared to students in their sixth year, in which the total DREEM score was (111.65 ± 27.58).

Conclusions
Students of KSAU-HS generally perceived the educational environment as having more positive than negative. The educational level and college differed significantly in the overall DREEM score and the five subscales. Junior students had better perception of the educational environment and they differed significantly in the SPL and SPA subscales. The faculty of pharmacy had higher scores in the overall DREEM and the five subsequent scales than colleges of dentistry and medicine. Further research is needed in order to optimize the educational environment by investigating different solutions.
A command centre implementation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a community hospital
Authors: Grosman-Rimon Liza , Wegier Pete , Rodriguez Ruben , Casey Jane , Tory Susan , Solanki Jhanvi , Collins Barbara E. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The objective of the study was to assess the effects of high-reliability system by implementing a command centre (CC) on clinical outcomes in a community hospital before and during COVID-19 pandemic from the year 2016 to 2021.

Methods
A descriptive, retrospective study was conducted at an acute care community hospital. The administrative data included monthly average admissions, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, average length of stay, total ICU length of stay, and in-hospital mortality. In-hospital acquired events were recorded and defined as one of the following: cardiac arrest, cerebral infarction, respiratory arrest, or sepsis after hospital admissions. A subgroup statistical analysis of patients with in-hospital acquired events was performed. In addition, a subgroup statistical analysis was performed for the department of medicine.

Results
The rates of in-hospital acquired events and in-hospital mortality among all admitted patients did not change significantly throughout the years 2016 to 2021. In the subgroup of patients with in-hospital acquired events, the in-hospital mortality rate also did not change during the years of the study, despite the increase in the ICU admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic.Although the in-hospital mortality rate did not increase for all admitted patients, the in-hospital mortality rate increased in the department of medicine.

Conclusion
Implementation of CC and centralized management systems has the potential to improve quality of care by supporting early identification and real-time management of patients at risk of harm and clinical deterioration, including COVID-19 patients.
Artificial intelligence performance in detecting lymphoma from medical imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bai Anying , Si Mingyu , Xue Peng , Qu Yimin , Jiang Yu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Accurate diagnosis and early treatment are essential in the fight against lymphatic cancer. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of medical imaging shows great potential, but the diagnostic accuracy of lymphoma is unclear. This study was done to systematically review and meta-analyse researches concerning the diagnostic performance of AI in detecting lymphoma using medical imaging for the first time.

Methods
Searches were conducted in Medline, Embase, IEEE and Cochrane up to December 2023. Data extraction and assessment of the included study quality were independently conducted by two investigators. Studies that reported the diagnostic performance of an AI model/s for the early detection of lymphoma using medical imaging were included in the systemic review. We extracted the binary diagnostic accuracy data to obtain the outcomes of interest: sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), and Area Under the Curve (AUC). The study was registered with the PROSPERO, CRD42022383386.

Results
Thirty studies were included in the systematic review, sixteen of which were meta-analyzed with a pooled sensitivity of 87% (95%CI 83–91%), specificity of 94% (92–96%), and AUC of 97% (95–98%). Satisfactory diagnostic performance was observed in subgroup analyses based on algorithms types (machine learning versus deep learning, and whether transfer learning was applied), sample size (≤ 200 or >  200), clinicians versus AI models and geographical distribution of institutions (Asia versus non-Asia).

Conclusions
Even if possible overestimation and further studies with a better standards for application of AI algorithms in lymphoma detection are needed, we suggest the AI may be useful in lymphoma diagnosis.
Benefits and challenges experienced by participants on long-term methadone maintenance treatment in China: a qualitative study
Authors: Tang Xijia , Xiong Wenxue , Chen Wen , Wang Chijie , Wang Hexuan , Li Boyu , Zhang Zirong , Ling Li 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) has been implemented in China for nearly two decades, with a significant decrease in the number of participants in recent years. However, there is a lack of comprehensive research focusing on the long-term effectiveness in the context of this decline, especially from the perspectives of MMT participants themselves. This study aims to address this gap by examining the benefits and challenges experienced by long-term MMT participants in China, to uncover potential causes of the decrease in participant numbers and to improve the effectiveness of the program.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 21 long-term MMT participants (treatment duration ≥ 5 years) recruited through purposive sampling from 6 MMT clinics in the Guangdong Province, China, between December 2021 and August 2022. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the transcribed interviews. Two analysts independently coded the data, and a third researcher double-coded 20% of transcripts to ensure intercoder reliability.

Results
Overall, participants corroborated the notable decline in MMT participants during their long-term MMT, citing death, arrest, and self-perceived abstinence from heroin, as their perceived driving factors. They reported positive changes in their health, family relationships, and social functioning. However, they identified economic hardship as their greatest challenge associated with MMT, further exacerbated by other barriers including the conflict of clinic opening hours and working schedules, discrimination from employers, and COVID-19-related restrictions. Additionally, participants identified issues with dose adjustment and emergency treatment continuation.

Conclusions
This study outlines the overall improvement in the quality of life of long-term MMT participants. However, it highlights the need for official guidelines for dose adjustment and emergency treatment continuation as well as the provision of health education, job referrals, and flexibility of clinic opening times to facilitate the return to society receiving participants. Establishing a follow-up mechanism for those receiving MMT is also recommended to prevent relapses to heroin and other illicit substances.
Human lifespan and sex-specific patterns of resilience to disease: a retrospective population-wide cohort study
Authors: Sol Joaquim , Ortega-Bravo Marta , Portero-Otín Manuel , Piñol-Ripoll Gerard , Ribas-Ripoll Vicent , Artigues-Barberà Eva , Butí Miquel , Pamplona Reinald , Jové Mariona 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Slower paces of aging are related to lower risk of developing diseases and premature death. Therefore, the greatest challenge of modern societies is to ensure that the increase in lifespan is accompanied by an increase in health span. To better understand the differences in human lifespan, new insight concerning the relationship between lifespan and the age of onset of diseases, and the ability to avoid them is needed. We aimed to comprehensively study, at a population-wide level, the sex-specific disease patterns associated with human lifespan.

Methods
Observational data from the SIDIAP database of a cohort of 482,058 individuals that died in Catalonia (Spain) at ages over 50 years old between the 1st of January 2006 and the 30th of June 2022 were included. The time to the onset of the first disease in multiple organ systems, the prevalence of escapers, the percentage of life free of disease, and their relationship with lifespan were evaluated considering sex-specific traits.

Results
In the study cohort, 50.4% of the participants were women and the mean lifespan was 83 years. The results show novel relationships between the age of onset of disease, health span, and lifespan. The key findings include: Firstly, the onset of both single and multisystem diseases is progressively delayed as lifespan increases. Secondly, the prevalence of escapers is lower in lifespans around life expectancy. Thirdly, the number of disease-free systems decreases until individuals reach lifespans around 87–88 years old, at which point it starts to increase. Furthermore, long-lived women are less susceptible to multisystem diseases. The associations between health span and lifespan are system-dependent, and disease onset and the percentage of life spent free of disease at the time of death contribute to explaining lifespan variability. Lastly, the study highlights significant system-specific disparities between women and men.

Conclusions
Health interventions focused on delaying aging and age-related diseases should be the most effective in increasing not only lifespan but also health span. The findings of this research highlight the relevance of Electronic Health Records in studying the aging process and open up new possibilities in age-related disease prevention that should assist primary care professionals in devising individualized care and treatment plans.
Single-cell RNA sequencing in donor and end-stage heart failure patients identifies NLRP3 as a therapeutic target for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Fu Mengxia , Hua Xiumeng , Shu Songren , Xu Xinjie , Zhang Hang , Peng Zhiming , Mo Han , Liu Yanyun , Chen Xiao , Yang Yicheng , Zhang Ningning , Wang Xiaohu , Liu Zirui , Yue Guangxin , Hu Shengshou , Song Jiangping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Dilation may be the first right ventricular change and accelerates the progression of threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias and heart failure for patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), but the treatment for right ventricular dilation remains limited.

Methods
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of blood and biventricular myocardium from 8 study participants was performed, including 6 end-stage heart failure patients with ARVC and 2 normal controls. ScRNA-seq data was then deeply analyzed, including cluster annotation, cellular proportion calculation, and characterization of cellular developmental trajectories and interactions. An integrative analysis of our single-cell data and published genome-wide association study-based data provided insights into the cell-specific contributions to the cardiac arrhythmia phenotype of ARVC. Desmoglein 2 (Dsg2)mut/mut mice were used as the ARVC model to verify the therapeutic effects of pharmacological intervention on identified cellular cluster.

Results
Right ventricle of ARVC was enriched of CCL3+ proinflammatory macrophages and TNMD+ fibroblasts. Fibroblasts were preferentially affected in ARVC and perturbations associated with ARVC overlap with those reside in genetic variants associated with cardiac arrhythmia. Proinflammatory macrophages strongly interact with fibroblast. Pharmacological inhibition of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), a transcriptional factor predominantly expressed by the CCL3+ proinflammatory macrophages and several other myeloid subclusters, could significantly alleviate right ventricular dilation and dysfunction in Dsg2mut/mut mice (an ARVC mouse model).

Conclusions
This study provided a comprehensive analysis of the lineage-specific changes in the blood and myocardium from ARVC patients at a single-cell resolution. Pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 could prevent right ventricular dilation and dysfunction of mice with ARVC.