bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related quality of life and its determinants among South Indian type 2 diabetes patients with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Puneem Usha Sree , Nagasubramanian Vanitha Rani , Sindgi Vasudeva Murthy , Ramakrishnan Subburaya Mudaliyar Rajendran , Pelluri Ranakishor 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease in type-2 diabetics. The quality of life among those patients was not explored well. Hence, the present study aimed to correlate the determinants with the quality of life (QoL) among the study subjects.

Methods
A hospital-based case–control study was conducted at Bhargavi Gastro and Surgical Hospital, Warangal, Telangana, with 358 subjects, from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2021 (24 months). A 358 of cohort type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects were recruited with 1:1 of NAFLD and without NAFLD. QoL was determined with the SF-36 questionnaire, which comprises eight domains. Statistical analysis included t test, chi-square, and Spearman correlation performed with SPSSV.25 software.

Results
Out of 358 subjects, 200 (55.8%) were males and 158 (44.1%) were females. Glycemic parameters (FBS and HbA1c), lipid profile, liver transaminases (SGPT and SGOT), and serum uric acid levels were significantly high in NAFLD subjects (p < 0.05). The SF-36 score, four domains (physical, energy, mental health, and pain) are significantly reduced in NAFLD subjects p < 0.05). A significant correlation between blood urea and impaired physical, emotional mental, and general health was observed in NAFLD subjects. In the NAFLD subjects, elevated FBS levels lead to impairment of physical and emotional status. Social functioning, general health, and pain were impaired with BMI and TG levels in NAFLD subjects. The mean, SD of SF-36 scores showed no significant difference in contrast to HbA1c among both groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
The decreased QoL was observed in subjects of T2DM with NAFLD. The QoL is significantly influenced by elevated FBS, SGPT, SGOT, and TG levels. Hence, clinicians need to be vigilant and implement strategies to improve the quality of life in type 2 diabetics with NAFLD.
Reference intervals for hematology, plasma biochemistry, and bone mineral density in captive Ceratophrys cranwelli (Anura: Ceratophryidae)
Authors: Long Siyu , Qiao Yujing , Zhou Siyu , Muhammad-Farooq Tareen , Shen Yaoqin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHematology, plasma biochemistry, body composition, and bone mineral density (BMD) were analyzed for 30 captive Ceratophrys cranwelli (C. cranwelli) to establish the reference intervals. There was no significant difference between males and females in all blood routine tests. Blood biochemistry included 17 analytes, and only total bile acid (TBA), calcium (CA), and phosphorus (PHOS) showed significant differences. Male TBA levels were higher than females, while female CA and PHOS levels were higher than males. The body composition and BMD of males and females were similar, except for bone area, which showed a significant gender difference, with females having higher values than males. The data obtained in this study can help with the medical management of diseased individuals and serve as a reference for health assessments of future populations.
Expanding Cervical Cancer Screening in Mozambique: Challenges Associated With Diagnosing and Treating Cervical Cancer
Authors: Batman Samantha , Rangeiro Ricardina , Monteiro Eliane , Changule Dercia , Daud Siro , Ribeiro Magda , Tsambe Edgar , Bila Celso , Osman Nafissa , Carrilho Carla , Neves Andrea , Atif Hira , De Jesus Celda , Mariano Arlete , Moretti-Marques Renato , Vieira Marcelo , Fontes-Cintra Georgia , Lopes Andre , Batware Jean Claude , Luis Elvira , Grover Surbhi , Baker Ellen , Fellman Bryan , Montealegre Jane , Castle Philip E. , Jeronimo Jose , Chiao Elizabeth , Lorenzoni Cesaltina , Schmeler Kathleen , Salcedo Mila P. 
Published: October 2023

PURPOSE Mozambique has one of the highest burdens of cervical cancer globally. Treatment options are few as most women present with advanced disease, and there are limited trained health professionals and health care resources. The objective of this study was to describe the outcomes of women diagnosed with invasive cancer as part of the Mozambican women undergoing cervical cancer screening with human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in conjunction with family planning services (MULHER) study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Women age 30-49 years were prospectively enrolled in the MULHER study and offered screening with primary HPV testing followed by treatment of screen-positive women with thermal ablation or excision as appropriate. Women with cervical examination findings suspicious for cancer were referred to one of the three gynecologic oncologists in the country. RESULTS Between January 2020 and January 2023, 9,014 women underwent cervical cancer screening and 30 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer. In this cohort, four patients (13.3%) had early-stage disease, 18 (60.0%) had locally advanced disease, one (3.3%) had distant metastatic disease, and seven (23.3%) did not have staging information available. Five patients (16.6%) died without receiving oncologic treatment, and seven patients (23.3%) are still awaiting treatment. Of the remaining 18 patients, three (17.6%) underwent surgery and four (23.5%) received radiotherapy. Eleven (36.7%) patients received only chemotherapy. CONCLUSION As cervical screening programs are implemented in low-resource settings, there will likely be an increase in the number of women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer. Our results in Mozambique demonstrate the need to increase access to advanced surgery, radiation, and palliative care services.
Pattern reconstruction through generalized eigenvectors on defective networks
Authors: Dorchain Marie , Muolo Riccardo , Carletti Timoteo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Self-organization in natural and engineered systems causes the emergence of ordered spatio-temporal motifs. In the presence of diffusive species, Turing theory has been widely used to understand the formation of such patterns on continuous domains obtained from a diffusion-driven instability mechanism. The theory was later extended to networked systems, where the reaction processes occur locally (in the nodes), while diffusion takes place through the networks links. The condition for the instability onset relies on the spectral property of the Laplace matrix, i.e., the diffusive operator, and in particular on the existence of an eigenbasis. In this work, we make one step forward and we prove the validity of Turing idea also in the case of a network with a defective Laplace matrix. Moreover, by using both eigenvectors and generalized eigenvectors we show that we can reconstruct the asymptotic pattern with a relatively small discrepancy. Because a large majority of empirical networks is non-normal and often defective, our results pave the way for a thorough understanding of self-organization in real-world systems.
Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Metabolic/Inflammatory Profile in Adolescents: Cellular Studies and Predictive Biomarkers
Authors: Augimeri Giuseppina , Fiorillo Marco , Caparello Giovanna , Ceraudo Fabrizio , Avolio Ennio , Morelli Catia , Barone Ines , Catalano Stefania , Andò Sebastiano , Giordano Cinzia , Sisci Diego , Vivacqua Adele , Bonofiglio Daniela 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Context
The COVID-19 pandemic and its lockdown restrictions changed people's lifestyles with potential negative impact on health.

Objective
This longitudinal study aimed to assess the COVID-19 lockdown influence on the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) pattern and its effects on the metabolic inflammatory profile in a cohort of healthy adolescents.

Methods
We analyzed anthropometric measurements, body composition, and MD adherence along with serum metabolic and inflammatory profile in 77 healthy adolescents from southern Italy before and after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Additionally, we evaluated the biological properties of prelockdown and postlockdown serum on human HepG2 and HuH-7 hepatic cells.

Results
We did not observe any significant differences in anthropometric and body composition parameters as well as MD adherence score in adolescents between prelockdown and postlockdown COVID-19. Intriguingly, although the metabolic profile of adolescents postlockdown was within the normal range, we evidenced increased levels of fasting glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) along with a reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in postlockdown compared with prelockdown adolescent serum. In addition, elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-1β, and ferritin were found in postlockdown adolescents compared with their prelockdown counterparts. Consistent with the biochemical parameters, we observed enhanced lipid accumulation with altered mitochondrial functions and increased reactive oxygen species production in HepG2 and HuH-7 cells treated with pooled serum from postlockdown with respect to prelockdown period. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis identified total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TNF-α, and ferritin to be predictive serum markers for metabolic and inflammatory profiling after the lockdown period.

Conclusion
Our findings highlight that the COVID-19 lockdown, forcing sedentary behavior, had a negative impact on adolescents’ metabolic and inflammatory profile which may result in long-term poor health outcomes.
Synergistic Combinations of Gut- and Pancreas-Hormone-Based Therapies: Advancements in Treatments for Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Lyons Sulayman Aslan , Beaudry Jacqueline Leah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Metabolic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease, and liver disease, have become increasingly prevalent around the world. As an alternative to bariatric surgery, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have been at the forefront of weight loss medication to combat these metabolic complications. Recently, there has been an exciting rapid emergence of new weight loss medications that combine GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists with other gut- and pancreatic-derived hormones, such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon (GCG) receptor agonists. Dual-agonist (GLP-1/GIP and GLP-1/GCG) and tri-agonist (GLP-1/GIP/GCG) administration generally result in greater weight loss, reduction of blood sugar and lipid levels, restoration of tissue function, and improvement in whole-body substrate metabolism compared to when GLP-1R agonists are used alone. The aim of this review is to summarize the recent literature of both preclinical and clinical studies on how these emerging gut-peptide therapies further improve weight loss and metabolic health outcomes for various metabolic diseases.
Ghrelin Action in the PVH of Male Mice: Accessibility, Neuronal Targets, and CRH Neurons Activation
Authors: Fernandez Gimena , De Francesco Pablo N , Cornejo María P , Cabral Agustina , Aguggia Julieta P , Duque Victor J , Sayar Nilufer , Cantel Sonia , Burgos Juan I , Fehrentz Jean-Alain , Rorato Rodrigo , Atasoy Deniz , Mecawi André S , Perello Mario 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The hormone ghrelin displays several well-characterized functions, including some with pharmaceutical interest. The receptor for ghrelin, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), is expressed in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH), a critical hub for the integration of metabolic, neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral functions. Here, we performed a neuroanatomical and functional characterization of the neuronal types mediating ghrelin actions in the PVH of male mice. We found that fluorescent ghrelin mainly labels PVH neurons immunoreactive for nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1), which catalyze the production of nitric oxide [NO]). Centrally injected ghrelin increases c-Fos in NOS1 PVH neurons and NOS1 phosphorylation in the PVH. We also found that a high dose of systemically injected ghrelin increases the ghrelin level in the cerebrospinal fluid and in the periventricular PVH, and induces c-Fos in NOS1 PVH neurons. Such a high dose of systemically injected ghrelin activates a subset of NOS1 PVH neurons, which do not express oxytocin, via an arcuate nucleus–independent mechanism. Finally, we found that pharmacological inhibition of NO production fully abrogates ghrelin-induced increase of calcium concentration in corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons of the PVH whereas it partially impairs ghrelin-induced increase of plasma glucocorticoid levels. Thus, plasma ghrelin can directly target a subset of NO-producing neurons of the PVH that is involved in ghrelin-induced activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal neuroendocrine axis.
Stromal netrin 1 coordinates renal arteriogenesis and mural cell differentiation
Authors: Luo Peter M. , Gu Xiaowu , Chaney Christopher , Carroll Thomas , Cleaver Ondine 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The kidney vasculature has a complex architecture that is essential for renal function. The molecular mechanisms that direct development of kidney blood vessels are poorly characterized. We identified a regionally restricted, stroma-derived signaling molecule, netrin 1 (Ntn1), as a regulator of renal vascular patterning in mice. Stromal progenitor (SP)-specific ablation of Ntn1 (Ntn1SPKO) resulted in smaller kidneys with fewer glomeruli, as well as profound defects of the renal artery and transient blood flow disruption. Notably, Ntn1 ablation resulted in loss of arterial vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) coverage and in ectopic SMC deposition at the kidney surface. This was accompanied by dramatic reduction of arterial tree branching that perdured postnatally. Transcriptomic analysis of Ntn1SPKO kidneys revealed dysregulation of vSMC differentiation, including downregulation of Klf4, which we find expressed in a subset of SPs. Stromal Klf4 deletion similarly resulted in decreased smooth muscle coverage and arterial branching without, however, the disruption of renal artery patterning and perfusion seen in Ntn1SPKO. These data suggest a stromal Ntn1-Klf4 axis that regulates stromal differentiation and reinforces stromal-derived smooth muscle as a key regulator of renal blood vessel formation.
Calcium signals tune AMPK activity and mitochondrial homeostasis in dendrites of developing neurons
Authors: Hatsuda Akane , Kurisu Junko , Fujishima Kazuto , Kawaguchi Ayano , Ohno Nobuhiko , Kengaku Mineko 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Dendritic outgrowth in immature neurons is enhanced by neuronal activity and is considered one of the mechanisms of neural circuit optimization. It is known that calcium signals affect transcriptional regulation and cytoskeletal remodeling necessary for dendritic outgrowth. Here, we demonstrate that activity-dependent calcium signaling also controls mitochondrial homeostasis via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in growing dendrites of differentiating mouse hippocampal neurons. We found that the inhibition of neuronal activity induced dendritic hypotrophy with abnormally elongated mitochondria. In growing dendrites, AMPK is activated by neuronal activity and dynamically oscillates in synchrony with calcium spikes, and this AMPK oscillation was inhibited by CaMKK2 knockdown. AMPK activation led to phosphorylation of MFF and ULK1, which initiate mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, respectively. Dendritic mitochondria in AMPK-depleted neurons exhibited impaired fission and mitophagy and displayed multiple signs of dysfunction. Genetic inhibition of fission led to dendritic hypoplasia that was reminiscent of AMPK-deficient neurons. Thus, AMPK activity is finely tuned by the calcium-CaMKK2 pathway and regulates mitochondrial homeostasis by facilitating removal of damaged components of mitochondria in growing neurons during normal brain development.
Gibberellin and miRNA156-targeted SlSBP genes synergistically regulate tomato floral meristem determinacy and ovary patterning
Authors: Ferigolo Leticia F. , Vicente Mateus H. , Correa Joao P. O. , Barrera-Rojas Carlos H. , Silva Eder M. , Silva Geraldo F. F. , Carvalho Airton , Peres Lazaro E. P. , Ambrosano Guilherme B. , Margarido Gabriel R. A. , Sablowski Robert , Nogueira Fabio T. S. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Many developmental processes associated with fruit development occur at the floral meristem (FM). Age-regulated microRNA156 (miR156) and gibberellins (GAs) interact to control flowering time, but their interplay in subsequent stages of reproductive development is poorly understood. Here, in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), we show that GA and miR156-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL or SBP) genes interact in the tomato FM and ovary patterning. High GA responses or overexpression of miR156 (156OE), which leads to low expression levels of miR156-silenced SBP genes, resulted in enlarged FMs, ovary indeterminacy and fruits with increased locule number. Conversely, low GA responses reduced indeterminacy and locule number, and overexpression of a S. lycopersicum (Sl)SBP15 allele that is miR156 resistant (rSBP15) reduced FM size and locule number. GA responses were partially required for the defects observed in 156OE and rSBP15 fruits. Transcriptome analysis and genetic interactions revealed shared and divergent functions of miR156-targeted SlSBP genes, PROCERA/DELLA and the classical WUSCHEL/CLAVATA pathway, which has been previously associated with meristem size and determinacy. Our findings reveal that the miR156/SlSBP/GA regulatory module is deployed differently depending on developmental stage and create novel opportunities to fine-tune aspects of fruit development that have been important for tomato domestication.
Clearing the slate: RNA turnover to enable cell state switching?
Authors: Westbrook Elizabeth R. , Ford Hugh Z. , Antolović Vlatka , Chubb Jonathan R. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The distribution of mRNA in tissue is determined by the balance between transcription and decay. Understanding the control of RNA decay during development has been somewhat neglected compared with transcriptional control. Here, we explore the potential for mRNA decay to trigger rapid cell state transitions during development, comparing a bistable switch model of cell state conversion with experimental evidence from different developmental systems. We also consider another potential role for large-scale RNA decay that has emerged from studies of stress-induced cell state transitions, in which removal of mRNA unblocks the translation machinery to prioritise the synthesis of proteins that establish the new cell state.
Acute restraint stress rapidly impacts reproductive neuroendocrinology and downstream gonad function in big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus)
Authors: Alonge Mattina M. , Greville Lucas J. S. , Ma Xuehao , Faure Paul A. , Bentley George E. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTAnimals face unpredictable challenges that require rapid, facultative physiological reactions to support survival but may compromise reproduction. Bats have a long-standing reputation for being highly sensitive to stressors, with sensitivity and resilience varying both within and among species, yet little is known about how stress affects the signaling that regulates reproductive physiology. Here, we provide the first description of the molecular response of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis of male big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in response to short-term stress using a standardized restraint manipulation. This acute stressor was sufficient to upregulate plasma corticosterone and resulted in a rapid decrease in circulating testosterone. While we did not find differences in the mRNA expression of key steroidogenic enzymes (StAR, aromatase, 5-alpha reductase), seminiferous tubule diameter was reduced in stressed bats coupled with a 5-fold increase in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA expression in the testes. These changes, in part, may be mediated by RFamide-related peptide (RFRP) because fewer immunoreactive cell bodies were detected in the brains of stressed bats compared with controls – suggesting a possible increase in secretion – and increased RFRP expression locally in the gonads. The rapid sensitivity of the bat testes to stress may be connected to deleterious impacts on tissue health and function as supported by significant transcriptional upregulation of key pro-apoptotic signaling molecules (Bax, cytochrome c). Experiments like this broadly contribute to our understanding of the stronger ecological predictions regarding physiological responses of bats within the context of stress, which may impact decisions surrounding animal handling and conservation approaches.
Case Report: Care Report: Primary malignant melanoma of the breast
Authors: Meghe Juee , Lamture Yeshwant , Gajhbhiye Varsha , Gharde Pankaj , Inamdar Akash 
Published: October 2023

Primary malignant melanoma of the breast (P.M.M.B.) is rare. Clinical features of P.M.M.B. are variable, and early complete excision precedes all treatment modalities. We present the case of a man with a P.M.M.B. of the left breast parenchyma with skeletal metastasis. There was evidence of involvement of the skin. Axillary lymph nodes were affected. An excisional biopsy of the breast mass suggested malignant melanoma. Unfortunately, the patient was not willing for treatment. Three months later, the patient died, possibly due to metastases. An extensive literature search previously found only six patients with P.M.M.B. from the parenchyma of the breast. This case might be the seventh case to be reported in literature arising from breast parenchyma. It is our humble attempt to increase awareness of this rare tumor. Prompt identification, timely appropriate surgical treatment, chemotherapy combined with judicious use of monoclonal antibodies, and other modalities may improve a patient's prognosis.
Search engine optimization: methods and techniques
Authors: AMAN Serge Stephane , N'GUESSAN Behou Gerard , AGBO Djama Djoman Alfred , KONE Tiemoman 
Published: October 2023

Background: With the rapid advancement of information technology, search engine optimisation (SEO) has become crucial for enhancing the visibility and relevance of online content. In this context, the use of cloud platforms like Microsoft Azure is being explored to bolster SEO capabilities. Methods: This scientific article offers an in-depth study of search engine optimisation. It explores the different methods and techniques used to improve the performance and efficiency of a search engine, focusing on key aspects such as result relevance, search speed and user experience. The article also presents case studies and concrete examples to illustrate the practical application of optimisation techniques. Results: The results demonstrate the importance of optimisation in delivering high quality search results and meeting the increasing demands of users. Conclusions: The article addresses the enhancement of search engines through the Microsoft Azure infrastructure and its associated components. It highlights methods such as indexing, semantic analysis, parallel searches, and caching to strengthen the relevance of results, speed up searches, and optimise the user experience. Following the application of these methods, a marked improvement was observed in these areas, thereby showcasing the capability of Microsoft Azure in enhancing search engines. The study sheds light on the implementation and analysis of these Azure-focused techniques, introduces a methodology for assessing their efficacy, and details the specific benefits of each method. Looking forward, the article suggests integrating artificial intelligence to elevate the relevance of results, venturing into other cloud infrastructures to boost performance, and evaluating these methods in specific scenarios, such as multimedia information search. In summary, with Microsoft Azure, the enhancement of search engines appears promising, with increased relevance and a heightened user experience in a rapidly evolving sector.