bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcaligenes lipid A functions as a superior mucosal adjuvant to monophosphoryl lipid A via the recruitment and activation of CD11b+ dendritic cells in nasal tissue
Authors: Sun Xiao , Hosomi Koji , Shimoyama Atsushi , Yoshii Ken , Saika Azusa , Yamaura Haruki , Nagatake Takahiro , Kiyono Hiroshi , Fukase Koichi , Kunisawa Jun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We previously demonstrated that Alcaligenes-derived lipid A (ALA), which is produced from an intestinal lymphoid tissue-resident commensal bacterium, is an effective adjuvant for inducing antigen-specific immune responses. To understand the immunologic characteristics of ALA as a vaccine adjuvant, we here compared the adjuvant activity of ALA with that of a licensed adjuvant (monophosphoryl lipid A, MPLA) in mice. Although the adjuvant activity of ALA was only slightly greater than that of MPLA for subcutaneous immunization, ALA induced significantly greater IgA antibody production than did MPLA during nasal immunization. Regarding the underlying mechanism, ALA increased and activated CD11b+ CD103− CD11c+ dendritic cells in the nasal tissue by stimulating chemokine responses. These findings revealed the superiority of ALA as a mucosal adjuvant due to the unique immunologic functions of ALA in nasal tissue.
Addressing antimicrobial resistance through community engagement: a framework for developing contextually relevant and impactful behaviour change interventions
Authors: Mitchell Jessica , Hawkings Helen , Latham Sophia , Fieroze Fariza , Arjyal Abriti , Barrington Dani Jennifer , Baral Sushil , Saify Md Badruddin , Cooke Paul , Hamade Prudence , Huque Rumana , Parajuli Ayuska , Siddiki Amam Zonaed , King Rebecca 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Community engagement (CE) interventions often explore and promote behaviour change around a specific challenge. Suggestions for behaviour change should be co-produced in partnership with the community. To facilitate this, it is essential that the intervention includes key content that unpacks the challenge of interest via multiple sources of knowledge. However, where community lived experience and academic evidence appear misaligned, tensions can appear within the co-production dynamic of CE. This is specifically so within the context of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) where ideal behaviours are often superseded by what is practical or possible in a particular community context.

Methods
Here we describe a framework for the equitable development of contextually appropriate, clearly evidenced behavioural objectives for CE interventions. This framework explores different sources of knowledge on AMR, including the potentially competing views of different stakeholders.

Findings
The framework allows key content on AMR to be selected based upon academic evidence, contextual appropriateness and fit to the chosen CE approach. A case study of the framework in action exemplifies how the framework is applicable to a range of contexts, CE approaches and One Health topics beyond just AMR.

Conclusions
Within CE interventions, academic evidence is crucial to develop well-informed key content. However, this formative work should also involve community members, ensuring that their contextual knowledge is valued. The type of CE approach also needs careful consideration because methodological constraints may limit the breadth and depth of information that can be delivered within an intervention, and thus the scope of key content.
Seminal plasma metabolomics analysis of differences in liquid preservation ability of boar sperm
Authors: Song Chenglei , Chang Lebin , Wang Bingjie , Zhang Zhe , Wei Yilin , Dou Yaqing , Qi Kunlong , Yang Feng , Li Xiuling , Li Xinjian , Wang Kejun , Qiao Ruimin , Han Xuelei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The preservation of semen is pivotal in animal reproduction to ensure successful fertilization and genetic improvement of livestock and poultry. However, investigating the underlying causes of differences in sperm liquid preservation ability and identifying relevant biomarkers remains a challenge. This study utilized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to analyze the metabolite composition of seminal plasma (SP) from two groups with extreme differences in sperm liquid preservation ability. The two groups namely the good liquid preservation ability (GPA) and the poor preservation ability (PPA). The aim was to explore the relationship between metabolite composition in SP and sperm liquid preservation ability, and to identify candidate biomarkers associated with this ability of sperm. The results revealed the identification of 756 metabolites and 70 differentially expressed metabolites (DEM) in the SP from two groups of boar semen with differing liquid preservation abilities at 17 °C. The majority of identified metabolites in the SP belonged to organic acids and derivatives as well as lipids and lipid-like molecules. The DEM in the SP primarily consisted of amino acids, peptides, and analogs. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis also demonstrated that the DEM are mainly concentrated in amino acid synthesis and metabolism-related pathways (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, eleven key metabolites were identified and six target amino acids were verified, and the results were consistent with the non-targeted metabolic analysis. These findings indicated that amino acids and their associated pathways play a potential role in determining boar sperm quality and liquid preservation ability. D-proline, arginine, L-citrulline, phenylalanine, leucine, DL-proline, DL-serine, and indole may serve as potential biomarkers for early assessment of boar sperm liquid preservation ability. The findings of this study are helpful in understanding the causes and mechanisms of differences in the liquid preservation ability of boar sperm, and provide valuable insights for improving semen quality assessment methods and developing novel extenders or protocols.
Growth performance, bile acid profile, fecal microbiome and serum metabolomics of growing-finishing pigs fed diets with bile acids supplementation
Authors: Zhou Pan , Yan Honglin , Zhang Yong , Qi Renli , Zhang Hongfu , Liu Jingbo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to determine the effect of bile acids (BAs) supplementation on growth performance, BAs profile, fecal microbiome, and serum metabolomics in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 60 pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)] with an average body weight of 27.0 ± 1.5 kg were selected and allotted into one of 2 groups (castrated male to female ratio = 1:1), with 10 replicates per treatment and 3 pigs per replicate. The 2 treatments were the control group (control) and a porcine bile extract-supplemented group dosed at 0.5 g/kg feed (BA). After a 16-wk treatment, growth performance, BAs profiles in serum and feces, and fecal microbial composition were determined. An untargeted metabolomics approach using gas chromatography with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer was conducted to identify the metabolic pathways and associated metabolites in the serum of pigs. We found that BAs supplementation had no effect on the growth performance of the growing-finishing pig. However, it tended to increase the gain-to-feed ratio for the whole period (P = 0.07). BAs supplementation resulted in elevated serum concentrations of secondary bile acids, including hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), glycoursodeoxycholic acid, and tauro-hyodeoxycholic acid, as well as fecal concentration of HDCA (P &lt; 0.05). Fecal microbiota analysis revealed no differences in alpha and beta diversity indices or the relative abundance of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at both phylum and genus levels between groups. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the differential metabolites between control and BA groups are mainly involved in purine metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, as well as primary bile acid biosynthesis. Our findings indicate that BAs supplementation tended to improve the feed efficiency, and significantly altered the BA profile in the serum and feces of growing-finished pigs, regardless of any changes in the gut microbial composition. The altered metabolic pathways could potentially play a vital role in improving the feed efficiency of growing-finished pigs with BAs supplementation.
Suspected Burn From a 9-Voltage Battery
Authors: Whitelock Courtney , Echternacht Scott , Ahmad Adeel , Habina Matthew , Kia Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Advancements in technology allow for the utilization of low-voltage battery-powered devices for patients admitted to the hospital. There have been rare cases of burns due to leakage of the internal contents from low-voltage batteries, but to date, there have been no reports of electrical burns caused by low-voltage batteries. We present the case of an 89-year-old female who presented to the general surgery service with a suspected electrical burn from laying on a 9-volt battery. The patient underwent operative debridement with no evidence of a deeper injury. The patient continues to follow up with an outpatient wound clinic and is healing well. This case highlights the importance of teaching and raising awareness of all small devices that may become entangled or lost in patients’ linens, such as 9-volt telemetry batteries, to prevent harm.
Beyond Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Eosinophils in Gastrointestinal Disease—New Insights, “New” Diseases
Authors: Talley Nicholas J , Burns Grace L , Hoedt Emily C , Duncanson Kerith , Keely Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a highly prevalent disorder. Upper endoscopy is normal, and according to the Rome IV criteria, there is no established pathology. Data accumulated over the last 15 years has challenged the notion FD is free of relevant pathology, and in particular, increased duodenal eosinophils have been observed. Intestinal eosinophils play important roles in microbial defence, immune regulation, tissue regeneration and remodelling, and maintaining tissue homeostasis and metabolism; degranulation of eosinophils releases toxic granule products (e.g., major basic protein, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin) which can damage nerves. Normal cut-offs for eosinophil infiltration into the duodenum histologically are less than five eosinophils per high power field (&lt;25 per five high power fields). In clinical practice there is evidence that pathologically increased intestinal eosinophils may often be overlooked. In a meta-analysis duodenal eosinophils were significantly increased in FD although there was substantial heterogeneity; degranulation of duodenal eosinophils was also significantly higher in FD without significant heterogeneity. In addition, increased duodenal permeability, systemic immune activation, and an altered mucosa-associated duodenal microbiome have been identified that may help explain why symptoms arise, often occur after food with exposure to food antigens, and typically fluctuate. Several potentially reversible risk factors for FD have now been identified. We evaluate the current evidence linking duodenal microinflammation and immune activation with FD and disorders of gut–brain interactions that overlap with FD. We propose a two-hit disease model for eosinophilic functional dyspepsia (EoFD) with management implications.
Variation in phoneme inventories: quantifying the problem and improving comparability
Authors: Anderson Cormac , Tresoldi Tiago , Greenhill Simon J , Forkel Robert , Gray Russell , List Johann-Mattis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For over a century, the phoneme has played a central role in linguistic research. In recent years, collections of phoneme inventories, originally designed for cross-linguistic purposes, have increasingly been used in comparative studies involving neighbouring disciplines. Despite the extended application of this type of data, there has been no research into its comparability or tests of its reliability. In this study, we carry out a systematic comparison of nine popular phoneme inventory collections. We render them comparable by linking them to standardised formats for the handling of cross-linguistic datasets, develop new measures to test both size and similarity, and release the organised data in supplementary material. We find considerable differences in inventories supposedly representing the same language variety, both in terms of size and transcriptional choices. While some of these differences appear to be predictable, reflecting design decisions in the different collections, much of the observed variation is unsystematic. These results should sound a note of caution for comparative studies based on phoneme inventories, which we suggest need to take the question of comparability more seriously. We make a number of proposals for improving the comparability of phoneme inventories.
D27-like carotenoid isomerases: at the crossroads of strigolactone and abscisic acid biosynthesis
Authors: Tolnai Zoltán , Sharma Himani , Soós Vilmos 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Strigolactones and abscisic acid (ABA) are apocarotenoid-derived plant hormones. Their biosynthesis starts with the conversion of trans-carotenes into cis forms, which serve as direct precursors. Iron-containing DWARF27 isomerases were shown to catalyse or contribute to the trans/cis conversions of these precursor molecules. D27 converts trans-β-carotene into 9-cis-β-carotene, which is the first committed step in strigolactone biosynthesis. Recent studies found that its paralogue, D27-LIKE1, also catalyses this conversion. A crucial step in ABA biosynthesis is the oxidative cleavage of 9-cis-violaxanthin and/or 9-cis-neoxanthin, which are formed from their trans isomers by unknown isomerases. Several lines of evidence point out that D27-like proteins directly or indirectly contribute to 9-cis-violaxanthin conversion, and eventually ABA biosynthesis. Apparently, the diversity of D27-like enzymatic activity is essential for the optimization of cis/trans ratios, and hence act to maintain apocarotenoid precursor pools. In this review, we discuss the functional divergence and redundancy of D27 paralogues and their potential direct contribution to ABA precursor biosynthesis. We provide updates on their gene expression regulation and alleged Fe–S cluster binding feature. Finally, we conclude that the functional divergence of these paralogues is not fully understood and we provide an outlook on potential directions in research.
Module 8: Confronting Feared and Avoided Situations
Authors: Jaywant Abhishek , Oberlin Lauren E. , Cherestal Stephanie , Bueno Castellano Christina , Wilkins Victoria M. , Kanellopoulos Dora 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on how clients can safely confront their fear and situations they have started to avoid. Fear may have developed after contracting COVID-19, and unhelpful avoidance behaviors may be the client’s way of trying to reduce that fear. Due to the fight-or-flight system, the urge to avoid is the brain's way of protecting us from potential harm. However, fear can be disproportionate to the actual level of danger. Avoidance also comes in the form of excessive checking and self-monitoring. The chapter explains the difference between a true alarm and a false alarm, referencing the psychological process of habituation. The importance of home practice is emphasized.
Module 10: Fatigue and Sleep
Authors: Jaywant Abhishek , Oberlin Lauren E. , Cherestal Stephanie , Bueno Castellano Christina , Wilkins Victoria M. , Kanellopoulos Dora 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter explains strategies that can help clients with persisting symptoms of COVID-19 to handle fatigue and sleep disruption. These strategies primarily focus on developing healthier activity patterns, reframing unhelpful thoughts, and using mindfulness techniques to decrease overfocus on symptoms. People commonly respond to fatigue in a way that helps in the short term but actually makes fatigue a bigger problem in the long term. Strategies are outlined to help clients manage sleep disruption. Managing fatigue and sleep problems can improve clients’ anxiety and depression symptoms over time. Home practice between sessions is crucial for learning and implementing these skills so they will be ready when needed.
Experimental atomic data of spectral lines – I. Cs, Ba, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Re, and Os in the 370–1000 nm interval
Authors: Ferrara C , Giarrusso M , Leone F 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Atomic data are fundamental for plasma diagnostics in laboratory and astrophysics through spectroscopy. These data are extensively present in data bases for light elements, however incomplete for high-mass atoms. This paper presents the results of systematic spectroscopy of 17 elements with high Z, expected to be produced in kilonova events generated by neutron star mergers, whose spectral lines are not yet fully identified in stellar spectra and fusion devices. Experimental data are from échelle high-resolution (λ/Δλ = 60 000) spectroscopy of hollow cathode lamps obtained with the Catania Astrophysical Observatory Spectropolarimeter covering the 3700–10 000 Å range in a single exposure. A total of about 7700 spectral lines with energy level classification not previously listed in the NIST, Kurucz, and VALD data bases are here reported for neutral and singly ionized atomic transitions. For the spectral lines of any species, we report the measured wavelengths and their relative intensities. If possible, we also estimate the transition probabilities under the assumptions of optically thin emission and electric-dipole transitions. These are converted into oscillator strengths ready to be inserted in astrophysical data bases for spectral synthesis.
A study of chemical abundances, rotational velocities, and orbital elements in single-lined spectroscopic binary stars in open clusters
Authors: Ramos A A , Holanda N , Drake N A , Rain M J , Maia F F S , Daflon S , Pereira C B 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Binary interactions play a significant role in stellar evolution. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of 17 single-lined spectroscopic binary stars and identify two more as ‘yellow stragglers’, in the context of 15 young open clusters with ages younger than 1.0 Gyr. High-resolution spectroscopy ($R\, \approx \, 48000$) was employed to determine atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances of various elements including Li, C (C2), N (12CN), O, Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Si, Ti, Ni, Cr, Y, Zr, La, Ce, Nd, and Eu, and compared them with the abundances of stars reported in the literature. The projected rotational velocities ($v\, \sin \, \mathrm{ i}$) of 17 stars were determined via the spectral synthesis method. For two stars, we analyse the phenomenon of yellow stragglers based on their spectra and colour–magnitude diagram. Our $v\, \sin \, \mathrm{ i}$ results exhibit excellent agreement with previous studies in the literature for four stars previously analysed. Furthermore, we found a similar set of chemical abundances between thin disc stars and the studied spectroscopic binaries, except for s-process elements, such as La, Ce, and Nd. Also, we confirm that yellow straggler stars are members of binary systems, specifically giant G/K-type stars paired with dwarf A-type stars. Finally, we investigated the relationships between chemical abundances, orbital parameters (obtained from the literature), and $v\, \sin \, \mathrm{ i}$, which can provide insights into the observed anomalies in 7Li abundance in two stars such as NGC 6694-14 and NGC 6709-303. Our findings suggest that the anomalous rotation and lithium enrichment observed in these stars are likely results of interactions within binary companions.
Correlated spectral and recurrence variations of Cygnus X-1
Authors: Broadbent E M , Phillipson R A 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We present results of recurrence analysis of the black hole X-ray binary Cygnus X-1 using combined observations from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer All-sky Monitor and the Japanese Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image aboard the International Space Station. From the time-dependent windowed recurrence plot (RP), we compute 10 recurrence quantities that describe the dynamical behaviour of the source and compare them to the spectral state at each point in time. We identify epochs of state changes corresponding to transitions into highly deterministic or highly stochastic dynamical regimes and their correlation to specific spectral states. We compare k-Nearest Neighbors and Random Forest models for various sizes of the time-dependent RP. The spectral state in Cygnus X-1 can be predicted with greater than 95 per cent accuracy for both types of models explored across a range of RP sizes based solely on the recurrence properties. The primary features from the RP that distinguish between spectral states are the determinism, Shannon entropy, and average line length, all of which are systematically higher in the hard state compared to the soft state. Our results suggest that the hard and soft states of Cygnus X-1 exhibit distinct dynamical variability and the time domain alone can be used for spectral state classification.
Highly collisional regions determined by interplanetary magnetic field structures
Authors: Pan L , Lai H R , Jia Y D , Russell C T , Connors M , Cui J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Submicron debris released in interplanetary collisions gets charged in the solar wind and generates disturbances to the magnetic field environment. The unique magnetic field disturbances, named interplanetary field enhancements (IFEs) are recorded by many spacecraft. In this study, we have developed a novel model to trace the IFEs to their origins. By employing this model, we can pinout regions with highly collision frequencies, thereby identifying regions of intense collisional activity. The model can help constrain interplanetary magnetic disturbances and our results can be used to guide part of the interplanetary-object survey.
Subgenomic Stability of Progenitor Genomes During Repeated Allotetraploid Origins of the Same GrassBrachypodium hybridum
Authors: Mu Wenjie , Li Kexin , Yang Yongzhi , Breiman Adina , Yang Jiao , Wu Ying , Zhu Mingjia , Wang Shuai , Catalan Pilar , Nevo Eviatar , Liu Jianquan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBoth homeologous exchanges and homeologous expression bias are generally found in most allopolyploid species. Whether homeologous exchanges and homeologous expression bias differ between repeated allopolyploid speciation events from the same progenitor species remains unknown. Here, we detected a third independent and recent allotetraploid origin for the model grass Brachypodium hybridum. Our homeologous exchange with replacement analyses indicated the absence of significant homeologous exchanges in any of the three types of wild allotetraploids, supporting the integrity of their progenitor subgenomes and the immediate creation of the amphidiploids. Further homeologous expression bias tests did not uncover significant subgenomic dominance in different tissues and conditions of the allotetraploids. This suggests a balanced expression of homeologs under similar or dissimilar ecological conditions in their natural habitats. We observed that the density of transposons around genes was not associated with the initial establishment of subgenome dominance; rather, this feature is inherited from the progenitor genome. We found that drought response genes were highly induced in the two subgenomes, likely contributing to the local adaptation of this species to arid habitats in the third allotetraploid event. These findings provide evidence for the consistency of subgenomic stability of parental genomes across multiple allopolyploidization events that led to the same species at different periods. Our study emphasizes the importance of selecting closely related progenitor species genomes to accurately assess homeologous exchange with replacement in allopolyploids, thereby avoiding the detection of false homeologous exchanges when using less related progenitor species genomes.