bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity, feasibility, and effectiveness of a voice‐recognition based digital cognitive screener for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in community‐dwelling older Chinese adults: A large‐scale implementation study
Authors: Zhao Xuhao , Wen Haoxuan , Xu Guohai , Pang Ting , Zhang Yaping , He Xindi , Hu Ruofei , Yan Ming , Chen Christopher , Wu Xifeng , Xu Xin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe investigated the validity, feasibility, and effectiveness of a voice recognition‐based digital cognitive screener (DCS), for detecting dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a large‐scale community of elderly participants.METHODSEligible participants completed demographic, cognitive, functional assessments and the DCS. Neuropsychological tests were used to assess domain‐specific and global cognition, while the diagnosis of MCI and dementia relied on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale.RESULTSAmong the 11,186 participants, the DCS showed high completion rates (97.5%) and a short administration time (5.9 min) across gender, age, and education groups. The DCS demonstrated areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUCs) of 0.95 and 0.83 for dementia and MCI detection, respectively, among 328 participants in the validation phase. Furthermore, the DCS resulted in time savings of 16.2% to 36.0% compared to the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montral Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).DISCUSSIONThis study suggests that the DCS is an effective and efficient tool for dementia and MCI case‐finding in large‐scale cognitive screening.Highlights
To our best knowledge, this is the first cognitive screening tool based on voice recognition and utilizing conversational AI that has been assessed in a large population of Chinese community‐dwelling elderly.
With the upgrading of a new multimodal understanding model, the DCS can accurately assess participants' responses, including different Chinese dialects, and provide automatic scores.
The DCS not only exhibited good discriminant ability in detecting dementia and MCI cases, it also demonstrated a high completion rate and efficient administration regardless of gender, age, and education differences.
The DCS is economically efficient, scalable, and had a better screening efficacy compared to the MMSE or MoCA, for wider implementation.
COVID‐19 pandemic's relationship with enrollment at US Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers
Authors: Shaaban C. Elizabeth , Lin Hsing‐Hua Sylvia , Terry Melita , Ren Dianxu , Lingler Jennifer H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe aimed to characterize the COVID‐19 pandemic's relationship with enrollment in US Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRCs).METHODSUsing data on 10,105 participants from 30 ADRCs, we conducted interrupted time series analyses to assess the relationship of the pandemic with enrollment and calculate projected dates of enrollment recovery.RESULTSParticipants enrolled during the pandemic (vs pre‐pandemic) were more likely to have dementia and be referred by health professionals. The pandemic was associated with a 77% drop in enrollment, with projected trend recovery in March 2024 and 100% recovery in September 2024. COVID was associated with a 91% drop in Black/African American participants, compared to 71% in White participants. Enrollment of both Hispanic and female participants was declining 1.4% and 0.3%/month pre‐pandemic.DISCUSSIONFunders and researchers should account for ongoing COVID‐19 impact on ADRD research enrollment. Strategies to speed enrollment recovery are needed, especially for Black/African American and Hispanic groups.Highlights
Tested COVID pandemic association with enrollment at Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers.
During versus pre‐pandemic enrollees differed on demographic and clinical variables.
Interrupted time series analyses: immediate 77% drop in enrollment related to COVID.
Recovery projections: trend recovery in March 2024, 100% recovery in September 2024.
Enrollment of African American and Hispanic participants should be prioritized.
Harnessing Catalytic RNA Circuits for Construction of Artificial Signaling Pathways in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Wu Chao‐Qun , Wu Ruo‐Yue , Zhang Qiu‐Long , Wang Liang‐Liang , Wang Yang , Dai Chu , Zhang Chen‐Xi , Xu Liang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEngineering of genetic networks with artificial signaling pathways (ASPs) can reprogram cellular responses and phenotypes under different circumstances for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, construction of ASPs between originally independent endogenous genes in mammalian cells is highly challenging. Here we report an amplifiable RNA circuit that can theoretically build regulatory connections between any endogenous genes in mammalian cells. We harness the system of catalytic hairpin assembly with combination of controllable CRISPR‐Cas9 function to transduce the signals from distinct messenger RNA expression of trigger genes into manipulation of target genes. Through introduction of these RNA‐based genetic circuits, mammalian cells are endowed with autonomous capabilities to sense the changes of RNA expression either induced by ligand stimuli or from various cell types and control the cellular responses and fates via apoptosis‐related ASPs. Our design provides a generalized platform for construction of ASPs inside the genetic networks of mammalian cells based on differentiated RNA expression.
The deep eclipses of RW Aur revisited by long‐term photometric and spectroscopic monitoring
Authors: Lux Oliver , Mugrauer Markus , Bischoff Richard 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRW Aurigae is a young stellar system containing a classical T Tauri star as the primary component. It shows deep, irregular dimmings, first detected in 2010. At the University Observatory Jena, we carried out optical follow‐up observations. We performed multiband (BVRI) photometry of the system with the Cassegrain‐Teleskop‐Kamera II and the Schmidt‐Teleskop‐Kamera between September 2016 and April 2019, as well as spectroscopy, using the Fibre Linked ÉCHelle Astronomical Spectrograph between September 2016 and April 2018. We present the apparent photometry of RW Aur, which is consistent with and complementary to photometric data from the American Association of Variable Star Observers. The V‐band magnitude of RW Aur changed by up to three magnitudes during the timespan of our monitoring campaign. For the observing epochs 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 we report a decreasing brightness, while in the epoch 2018/2019 the system remained in a relatively constant bright state. In the color‐magnitude diagram, we see that RW Aur lies close to a track for grey extinction. The spectra show a decreasing equivalent width (EW) of the emission line for decreasing brightness, whereas the EW of the line increases, indicating an increased outflow activity during the obscuration. Both give further evidence for the favored theory that the obscurations are caused by a hot dusty wind emerging from the inner disk.
Two‐Dimensional Ultrathin C2N Nanosheets for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Shang Tongtong , Zhang Jinshu , Li Yantuo , Yang Yang , Wu Jianxue , Ning Mingyi , Liu Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, we have created and investigated ultrathin, large‐size two‐dimensional C2N nanosheets, which serve as promising anode materials for sodium ion batteries. Those ultrathin C2N nanosheets were produced through a chemical vapor deposition process, involving the polymerization of the precursor molecule HAT‐CN on sodium chloride templates. Notably, these nanosheets inherit an abundance of nitrogen sites from the precursor molecules, which are highly advantageous for sodium ion storage. In addition, the ultrathin nature of these nanosheets leads to significantly shorter ion transport pathways, enhancing their capacity for rapid ion storage compared to C2N particles. As a result, the anode constructed using C2N nanosheets demonstrates a notably higher capacity of 335.1 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, outperforming the 211.5 mAh g−1 of C2N particles. Furthermore, it exhibits outstanding rate performance, achieving 255.4 mAh g−1 at a current density of 2.0 A g−1, along with excellent cycle stability, maintaining a reversible capacity retention of 92.9 % over 1500 cycles at 2.0 A g−1. This research introduces a novel approach to developing high‐capacity anode materials for sodium storage by utilizing carbon nitride materials.
Implications of abortion legislation on birth defect surveillance
Authors: Elmore Amanda L. , Heinke Dominique , Tanner Jean Paul , Kirby Russell S. , Obican Sarah G. , Salemi Jason L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurveillance of birth defects is critical to track prevalence and inform prevention efforts. Previous studies suggest that restricting abortion may lead to an increase in birth defect prevalence. However, it is unclear how abortion legislation will impact birth defect prevalence estimates reported by state‐based surveillance programs.MethodsWe described current abortion legislation and surveillance program methodology, by state, as a foundation for understanding the program‐level impact on surveillance. We estimated the quantitative effect of abortion legislation on birth defect prevalence for various scenarios using first‐order Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, we discuss the implications for interpreting birth defect prevalence estimates following abortion legislation.ResultsAmong states that restrict abortion ≤18 weeks and have a surveillance program (N = 19), eight programs (42%) capture elective terminations (<20 weeks) and 17 (89%) include fetal deaths (≥20 weeks) in their estimates. Abortion bans increased the prevalence of any birth defect by 16.6%, 15.8%, and 8.7% for systems with live births only, all outcomes ≥20‐weeks, and all outcomes ≥10‐weeks, respectively. We found the largest change in prevalence for anencephaly with an estimated 32.5% increase among systems with live births only.ConclusionsAbortion legislation is likely to further exacerbate the difficulties of multi‐state birth defect research and surveillance, while also hindering analysis of intra‐state prevalence trends. Birth defect surveillance systems in states with abortion bans may wish to consider monitoring and reporting changes in pregnancy outcomes and infant survival, in addition to birth defect prevalence, to inform public health and health care service needs.
Birth defects surveillance: Working together to advance science
Authors: Browne Marilyn L. , Fisher Sarah C. , Nembhard Wendy N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSince 2000, the National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN), in collaboration with the US National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, has provided a special issue of Birth Defects Research focused on advancing the field of birth defects surveillance, epidemiology, and public health practice. The annual NBDPN special issue consists of contributed manuscripts using birth defects surveillance data for epidemiologic research or for improving birth defects surveillance methods. This year, our special issue includes updated national prevalence estimates for selected major birth defects, seven original research papers, and an invited editorial. Several of the accepted manuscripts highlight collaborative efforts between birth defects surveillance systems across the country: through the NBDPN, the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, and the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network. These studies offer examples of the power of pooling data and leveraging resources to conduct high‐quality birth defects research.
ESG controversies and corporate governance: Evidence from board size
Authors: Treepongkaruna Sirimon , Kyaw Khine , Jiraporn Pornsit 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe show the influence the size of a corporate board has on firms' ESG controversies. Our analysis suggests that businesses with larger boards are more effective in mitigating ESG controversies. Specifically, a rise in board size by one standard deviation results in a decline in ESG controversies by 4.30%. Our findings corroborate the anticipation that businesses need the board's advice to prevent ESG controversies. Thus, larger boards, with more human capital and more interactions with stakeholders, promote sustainability more effectively. Moreover, we find that the effect of board size is less pronounced during a stressful time but is more evident in companies with more agency problems. Further analysis validates the findings, that is, propensity score matching, entropy balancing, an instrumental‐variable analysis, and GMM dynamic panel data analysis.
Density functional theory study of B‐ and Si‐doped carbons and their adsorption interactions with sulfur compounds
Authors: Guo Peng , Zhang Hong , Dong Shuliang , An Libao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the adsorption interactions between carbon materials and sulfur compounds has far‐reaching impacts, in addition to their well‐known important role in energy storage and conversion, such as lithium‐ion batteries. In this paper, properties of intrinsic B or Si single‐atom doped, and B–Si codoped graphene (GR) and graphdiyne (GDY) were investigated by using density functional theory‐based calculations, in which the optimal doping configurations were explored for potential applications in adsorbing sulfur compounds. Results showed that both B or Si single‐atom doping and B–Si codoping could substantially enhance the electron transport properties of GR and GDY, improving their surface activity. Notably, B and Si atoms displayed synergistic effects for the codoped configurations, where B–Si codoped GR/GDY exhibited much better performance in the adsorption of sulfur‐containing chemicals than single‐atom doped systems. In addition, results demonstrated that, after B–Si codoping, the adsorption energy and charge transfer amounts of GDY with sulfur compounds were much larger than those of GR, indicating that B–Si codoped GDY might be a favorable material for more effectively interacting with sulfur reagents.
Numerical simulation of flow behavior in basilar bifurcation computed tomography angiography
Authors: Shimodoumae Ryo , Tanaka Gaku , Yamaguchi Ryuhei , Ohta Makoto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, a moving boundary deformation model based on four‐dimensional computed tomography angiography (4D‐CTA) with high temporal resolution is constructed, and blood flow dynamics of cerebral aneurysms are investigated by numerical simulation. A realistic moving boundary deformation model of a cerebral aneurysm was constructed based on 4D‐CTA in each phase. Four hemodynamic factors (wall shear stress [WSS], wall shear stress divergence [WSSD], oscillatory shear index [OSI], and residual residence time [RRT]) were obtained from numerical simulations, and these factors were evaluated in basilar artery aneurysms. Comparison of the rigid body condition and the moving boundary condition investigating the relationship between wall displacement and hemodynamic factors clarified that the spatial‐averaged WSS and maximum WSSD considering only the aneurysmal dome has a large difference between conditions during the peak systole, and there were also significant differences in OSI and RRT.
Evaluating color stability and enamel surface roughness following resin infiltration treatment
Authors: Sabti Mohammad Y. , Alfarhan Isra Y. , Akbar Aqdar A. , Qudeimat Muawia A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of resin infiltration treatment on enamel color stability and surface roughness after simulating daily exposure to coffee stains and regular toothbrushing with standard toothpaste.Materials and MethodsIn this in vitro study, we utilized 47 caries‐free human enamel specimens, which were divided into two distinct groups. The teeth in the study group underwent artificial demineralization, Icon resin infiltration, and polishing, while the control group received only polishing. Following this, all teeth from both groups were regularly immersed in freshly brewed coffee for 15 min, twice daily, over a span of 30 days. After each staining session, the teeth underwent 10 heavy circular strokes using a soft toothbrush and standard toothpaste. Color changes were measured on Days 1 and 30 using a spectrophotometer. The L*, a*, b* color system defined by the International Commission on Illumination was used to assess the changes. Surface roughness was evaluated at baseline and after 30 days using a 3D surface Metrology Microscope.ResultsAfter 30 days of immersion in coffee, both the study and control groups showed significant changes in color. However, differences were statistically significant between groups for “L” and “a” parameter but not for “b.” The overall color change in the study group was higher than the control group. There were no significant differences in surface roughness within or between the groups before and after staining and brushing.ConclusionsResin infiltration leads to a significant increase in staining compared to untreated enamel. These staining properties should be taken into account when making clinical decisions regarding the treatment of white spot lesions.
Comparison of plaque control record measurements obtained using intraoral scanner and direct visualization
Authors: Doi Kazuya , Yoshiga Chihiro , Oue Hiroshi , Kobatake Reiko , Kawagoe Maiko , Umehara Hanako , Wakamatsu Kaien , Tsuga Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveIntraoral scanner (IOS) can acquire three‐dimensional color images of teeth. Thus, the detection of areas with plaque adhesion stained by plaque‐disclosing solutions using an IOS could be a potential oral hygiene evaluation method. This study aimed to verify the usefulness of obtaining O'Leary's plaque control record (PCR) measurements using an IOS in clinical practice.MethodsTwenty patients with >20% PCR measurements who underwent oral prophylaxis were enrolled in this study. A plaque‐disclosing gel was applied to stain the areas with plaque adhesion, and the dentition was scanned using the IOS. The PCR values obtained via the direct method and those obtained using the digital image were compared for the entire dentition, maxillary total area, the labial and palatal aspects of the maxillary anterior teeth, the buccal and palatal aspects of the maxillary posterior teeth, mandibular total area, the labial and lingual aspects of the mandibular anterior teeth, and the buccal and lingual aspects of the mandibular posterior teeth.ResultsThe IOS group tended to have higher values than the direct observation group. The labial and palatal aspect of the maxillary anterior teeth, the labial and lingual aspects of the mandibular anterior teeth did not differ significantly between the groups.ConclusionPlaque adhesion was visualized easily and conclusively using an IOS. As the large tip size often hinders its use, it is necessary to develop a smaller IOS tip in the future.
Laser irradiation of photothermal precursors – a novel approach to produce carbon materials for supercapacitors
Authors: Tammela Petter , Iurchenkova Anna , Wang Zhaohui , Strømme Maria , Nyholm Leif , Lindh Jonas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA wide array of carbon materials finds extensive utility across various industrial applications today. Nonetheless, the production processes for these materials continue to entail elevated temperatures, necessitate the use of inert atmospheres, and often involve the handling of aggressive and toxic chemicals. The prevalent method for large‐scale carbon material production, namely the pyrolysis of waste biomass and polymers, typically unfolds within the temperature range of 500–700 °C under a nitrogen (N2) atmosphere. Unfortunately, this approach suffers from significant energy inefficiency due to substantial heat loss over extended processing durations. In this work, we propose an interesting alternative: the carbonization of photothermal nanocellulose/polypyrrole composite films through CO2 laser irradiation in the presence of air. This innovative technique offers a swift and energy‐efficient means of preparing carbon materials. The unique interaction between nanocellulose and polypyrrole imparts the film with sufficient stability to retain its structural integrity post‐carbonization. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for producing binder‐free electrodes using a rapid and straightforward approach. Furthermore, the irradiated film demonstrates specific and areal capacitances of 159 F g−1 and 62 μF cm−2, respectively, when immersed in a 2 M NaOH electrolyte. These values significantly surpass those achieved by current commercial activated carbons. Together, these attributes render CO2‐laser carbonization an environmentally sustainable and ecologically friendly method for carbon material production.
A Scada system used for monitoring virtual chemical plants via Modbus communication
Authors: de Miranda Thiago da Cunha Rocha Devessa , Santos Lizandro de Sousa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMany chemical processes commonly use many instruments to meticulously gauge and regulate critical system variables. Automation within the industrial sector hinges upon deploying a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. However, the software typically employed for this purpose is endowed with substantial added value, rendering its application in smaller‐scale projects economically impractical. In the context of this study, our primary objective was to develop a SCADA system tailored for a virtual plant. To realize this aim, we simulated a heat exchanger network process unit using UniSim®. We integrated it with the ScadaBR software through a Python script, capitalizing on the Modbus communication protocol. It encompasses essential functionalities such as real‐time variable supervision, dynamic graph and report generation. For the proposed example, 28 variables were monitored. The results revealed that statistical analysis of the variables could be performed graphically and computationally, evidencing that the ScadaBR tool was successfully connected to the Unisim® simulator.
Simultaneous determination of multiple quality indices of dried shrimp (Parapenaeopsis hardwickii) during storage using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Bai Yan , Lu Yilin , Yang Peng , Ding Yicheng , Zheng Yadan , Ke Zhigang , Liu Shulai , Ding Yuting , Zhou Xuxia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDDried shrimp is a high‐value fishery product worldwide, but rapid and accurate assessment of its quality remains challenging. In the present study, a new method based on Raman spectroscopy was developed for assessing the quality changes in dried shrimp (Parapenaeopsis hardwickii) during storage.RESULTSA high‐quality Raman spectrum of astaxanthin (AST) was obtained from the third abdominal segment of dried shrimp. The intensity ratio (I1520/I1446) of the band from 1520 cm−1 to that at 1446 cm−1, which was ascribed to AST and protein/lipid, respectively, was calculated. I1520/I1446 can probe AST degradation in dried shrimp during storage at both 37 and 4 °C and further reflect quality changes of dried shrimp, as indicated by indices including total volatile basic nitrogen, pH and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.CONCLUSIONCompared to conventional methods, the proposed method avoids complex and time‐consuming preprocessing and provides significant advantages including cost‐effectiveness and rapid detection. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.