bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Easily applicable predictive score for MPR based on parameters before neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in operable NSCLC: a single-center, ambispective, observational study
Authors: Hu Mingming , Li Xiaomi , Lin Haifeng , Lu Baohua , Wang Qunhui , Tong Li , Li Hongxia , Che Nanying , Hung Shaojun , Han Yi , Shi Kang , Li Chenghai , Zhang Hongmei , Liu Zhidong , Zhang Tongmei 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NACI) is promising for resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but predictive biomarkers are still lacking. The authors aimed to develop a model based on pretreatment parameters to predict major pathological response (MPR) for such an approach.

Methods:
The authors enrolled operable NSCLC treated with NACI between March 2020 and May 2023 and then collected baseline clinical-pathology data and routine laboratory examinations before treatment. The efficacy and safety data of this cohort was reported and variables were screened by Logistic and Lasso regression and nomogram was developed. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis were used to assess its power. Finally, internal cross-validation and external validation was performed to assess the power of the model.

Results:
In total, 206 eligible patients were recruited in this study and 53.4% (110/206) patients achieved MPR. Using multivariate analysis, the predictive model was constructed by seven variables, prothrombin time (PT), neutrophil percentage (NEUT%), large platelet ratio (P-LCR), eosinophil percentage (EOS%), smoking, pathological type, and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression finally. The model had good discrimination, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.775, 0.746, and 0.835 for all datasets, cross-validation, and external validation, respectively. The calibration curves showed good consistency, and decision curve analysis indicated its potential value in clinical practice.

Conclusion:
This real world study revealed favorable efficacy in operable NSCLC treated with NACI. The proposed model based on multiple clinically accessible parameters could effectively predict MPR probability and could be a powerful tool in personalized medication.
Comparison of contraction-type and noncontraction-type lymphatic vessels in lymphaticovenous anastomosis for cancer-related unilateral lower limb lymphedema: a retrospective cohort propensity-score-matched outcome analysis
Authors: Knoz Martin , Wang Yu-Ming , Luo Sheng-Dean , Wu Shao-Chun , Lin Wei-Che , Tsai Pei-Yu , Chien Peng-Chen , Hsieh Ching-Hua , Yang Johnson Chia-Shen 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Contraction-type lymphatic vessels (LV) are considered suboptimal for lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA). However, despite these pathological changes, their functionality and link to outcomes have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the impact on outcomes when contraction-type LVs were used for LVA compared to the noncontraction-type (normal + ectatic) counterpart for treating lower limb lymphedema.

Study design:
Eighty-three patients with gynecologic cancer-related unilateral lower-limb lymphedema who underwent LVA as their primary treatment were enrolled in this study. The study group included 20 patients who used only contraction-type LVs. An additional 63 patients (control group) received noncontraction-type LVs only. Patients with a history of LVA, liposuction, or excisional therapy were excluded. Patient characteristics, intraoperative findings, functional parameters, and pre-LVA and post-LVA volume changes were recorded and matched using propensity scores. The primary endpoint was the volume change at 6/12 months after LVA.

Results:
After matching, 20 patients were included in each group. All parameters were matched, except that the study group still had a significantly inferior indocyanine green (ICG)-positive ratio, lymph flow-positive ratio, and washout-positive ratios (P<0.001, P=0.003, and P<0.001, respectively) when compared to the control group after matching. However, at 1-year follow-up, the postoperative percentage volume reduction was comparable between the groups (P=0.619).

Conclusion:
The use of contraction-type LVs for LVA is encouraged when no other LVs are available.
Immediate impacts of COVID-19 vaccination on glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lamichhane Pratik , Khalid Hussain , Siviyachan Cijoy Kanatte , Zafar Summiya , Prasanth Mahesh , Khanal Kapil , Agrawal Anushka , Kaur Jhajj Loveleen 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
COVID-19 vaccination is recommended in diabetic patients since diabetes is associated with worse clinical outcomes in COVID-19 infection. The safety profile of different types of COVID-19 vaccines, especially on glycemic control, can be explored due to availability of data from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices. This meta-analysis aimed to quantify the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods:
A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar was conducted using a search strategy for studies published till January 2023 in English language. Comparative observational studies reporting glycemic control obtained from CGM before and after COVID-19 vaccination in T1DM patients were included. The primary outcome was time in range (TIR) metric of proportion of glucose results falling within the range: 3.9–10 mmol/l. Other outcomes were time above range (TAR) (>10 mmol/l), time below range (TBR) (<3.9 mmol/l), coefficient of variation (CV), and mean blood glucose levels. The pooled outcomes were compared pre-vaccination and post-vaccination using Hedges’ g (HG) with 95% CI.

Results:
A total of seven studies (632 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. COVID-19 vaccination caused small and statistically insignificant decrease in TIR after both the first (HG = 0.21, 95% CI: −0.02 to 0.44, P=0.07) and second dose (HG = 0.09, 95% CI: −0.04 to 0.21, P = 0.19). Likewise, TAR was not affected after neither first (HG = −0.09, 95% CI: −0.22 to 0.03, P = 0.12) nor second vaccine dose (HG = −0.07, 95% CI: −0.21 to 0.06, P = 0.30). Likewise, TBR, mean blood glucose levels, and CV were not significantly altered following uptake of either of the doses.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 vaccination has an excellent safety profile in T1DM patients owing to its minimal impacts on immediate glycemic control.
Surgical team member’s application of personal protective equipment: an observational study
Authors: Diress Fikadu Tadesse , Fentie Demeke Yilkal , Endalew Nigussie Simeneh , Admass Biruk Adie 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Personal protective equipment (PPE) is a term used to refer to clothing or equipment that creates a barrier to protect an individual from work-place hazards, thereby protecting the worker against work-related injuries and illnesses. This study was aimed at determining the compliance of application of personal protective equipment against the standards.

Methods:
One hundred surgical personnel were included in this study from 21 March 2023 to 23 April 2023. Data were collected through direct observation. The standards were directly changed into question forms with two integral checking components, “Yes”, and “No”. Data were entered and analyzed by statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 25.

Result:
A total of 100 surgical personnel involved in surgical procedures were assessed for how they applied PPE. Majority of healthcare workers, 61.2%, were compliant with the communicable disease control standard on the application of PPE. The highest compliance rate was observed for the put-on gloves over the gown, while the lowest compliance rate was observed for wearing eye protection.

Conclusion and recommendation:
The practice of PPE usage by surgical personnel was suboptimal. Healthcare facilities can better protect their staff and patients from the spread of infections and other hazards through PPE use protocols. Donning and doffing must always be methodical and supervised by another staff member, especially during surgical emergencies. PPE should be used in accordance with infection prevention and control guidelines and the level of risk involved in the specific procedure.
One-Leg Robotic-Assisted Gait Training Efficiently Improves Gait Independence for Acute Stroke Hemiplegic Patients
Authors: Hishikawa Norikazu , Sawada Koshiro , Maeda Hiroshi , Ikeda Takumi , Ohashi Suzuyo , Mikami Yasuo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Welwalk is a one-leg robotic-assisted gait system for stroke hemiplegic patients. This study examined the feasibility and efficacy of gait training using Welwalk (Welwalk training) for hemiplegic patients in the early phase after stroke onset, via cooperation between acute care and rehabilitation hospitals. Seven acute stroke patients (mean number of days from onset = 7.9) with severe lower extremity paralysis participated. Patients underwent Welwalk training for 40 min/d, 5 d/wk in an acute care hospital, then 7 d/wk in a rehabilitation hospital with a seamless transition. Functional Independence Measure scores for walking were assessed weekly. The endpoint was reaching Functional Independence Measure walk score of 5 (supervision level). The primary outcome was improvement efficiency of Functional Independence Measure walk, which was the increase in Functional Independence Measure walk score divided by the number of weeks required. Functional Independence Measure walk score for all patients improved from 1.1 to 5 (P = 0.01, r = 0.96). The mean number of weeks to achieve Functional Independence Measure walk score of 5 was 5 wks, and the improvement efficiency of Functional Independence Measure walk had a mean value of 0.9. No adverse events were reported during Welwalk training. Hemiparetic patients’ gait independence may be safely and rapidly improved by starting Welwalk training in the early phase after stroke onset.
Telehealth and Technology
Authors: Yu James , Petersen Carolyn , Reid Sonya , Rosenbloom S. Trent , Warner Jeremy L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Telehealth is a broad concept that refers to any delivery of health care in real time using technologies to connect people or information that are not in the same physical location. Until fairly recently, telehealth was more aspiration than reality. This situation changed radically due in part to the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to a near-overnight inability for patients to be seen for routine management of chronic health conditions, including those with cancer. The purpose of this brief narrative review is to outline some areas where emerging and future technology may allow for innovations with specific implications for people with a current or past diagnosis of cancer, including underserved and/or historically excluded populations. Specific topics of telehealth are broadly covered in other areas of the special issue.
Digital Health for Oncological Care
Authors: Cohen Adam B. , Schwamm Lee H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Digital health tools extend well beyond telemedicine, holding great potential to advance oncological care. We survey digital health and provide recommendations across the health continuum, tailoring them to oncology, including prevention, detection and diagnosis, and treatment and monitoring. Within the prevention realm, we review wellness technologies, cancer screening, mental health solutions, and digital biomarkers. For detection and diagnosis, we describe existing and emerging solutions for remote patient monitoring and various means to capture digital biomarkers, the “digital exam,” and “digital outcomes.” Treatment and monitoring solutions include telemedicine, chatbots, and digital therapeutics, which are also explored. We also discuss a host of technology enablers that are required for successful implementation and sustainment of digital health–enabled care. Our recommendations pertain to health care systems as well as companies that work with these systems or provide care to patients directly.
Telehealth in Cancer Care
Authors: Lopez Ana Maria 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Telecommunications technology began to be integrated into health care delivery by the mid-1900s, with the goal of increasing access to care including access to cancer care.
There have been at least 3 significant telehealth expansion periods, with the most recent related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Technology uptake increased in the 1990s as quality improved, costs came down, and usability factors were addressed. As telehealth practice transitioned to use of personal devices, the COVID-19 pandemic arose, and necessity compelled widespread telehealth uptake. Most patients and clinicians entered the pandemic with little if any telehealth experience and often no training on using personal devices to access health care. Teleoncology data reveal cancer care feasibility and acceptability with generally high levels of satisfaction for both patients and clinicians. Sustaining the progress made in telehealth uptake requires ongoing insurance coverage with parity in coverage, licensure facilitation, and ongoing development of technology that is easy to use. In addition, to tele–cancer care appointments, the technology may be used for care coordination, education, and increased access to cancer clinical trials.
Update on modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
Authors: Jaisa-aad Methasit , Muñoz-Castro Clara , Serrano-Pozo Alberto 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
All human beings undergo a lifelong cumulative exposure to potentially preventable adverse factors such as toxins, infections, traumatisms, and cardiovascular risk factors, collectively termed exposome. The interplay between the individual's genetics and exposome is thought to have a large impact in health outcomes such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Likewise, a growing body of evidence is supporting the idea that preventable factors explain a sizable proportion of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) cases.

Recent findings
Here, we will review the most recent epidemiological, experimental preclinical, and interventional clinical studies examining some of these potentially modifiable risk factors for ADRD. We will focus on new evidence regarding cardiovascular risk factors, air pollution, viral and other infectious agents, traumatic brain injury, and hearing loss.

Summary
While greater and higher quality epidemiological and experimental evidence is needed to unequivocally confirm their causal link with ADRD and/or unravel the underlying mechanisms, these modifiable risk factors may represent a window of opportunity to reduce ADRD incidence and prevalence at the population level via health screenings, and education and health policies.
Case report and systematic review of cerebellar vermis alterations in psychosis
Authors: Dusi Nicola , Esposito Cecilia Maria , Delvecchio Giuseppe , Prunas Cecilia , Brambilla Paolo 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Cerebellar alterations, including both volumetric changes in the cerebellar vermis and dysfunctions of the corticocerebellar connections, have been documented in psychotic disorders. Starting from the clinical observation of a bipolar patient with cerebellar hypoplasia, the purpose of this review is to summarize the data in the literature about the association between hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis and psychotic disorders [schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD)].

Methods
A bibliographic search on PubMed has been conducted, and 18 articles were finally included in the review: five used patients with BD, 12 patients with SCZ and one subject at psychotic risk.

Results
For SCZ patients and subjects at psychotic risk, the results of most of the reviewed studies seem to suggest a gray matter volume reduction coupled with an increase in white matter volumes in the cerebellar vermis, compared to healthy controls. Instead, the results of the studies on BD patients are more heterogeneous with evidence showing a reduction, no difference or even an increase in cerebellar vermis volume compared to healthy controls.

Conclusions
From the results of the reviewed studies, a possible correlation emerged between cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and psychotic disorders, especially SCZ, ultimately supporting the hypothesis of psychotic disorders as neurodevelopmental disorders.
Impact of Mesotherapy with Sodium Deoxycholate on Liver: Metabolic- and Sex-Specific Insights in Swiss mice
Authors: Gonçalves Leidyanne Ferreira , Rosa Beatriz Rodrigues , Ramos Isabela Terra Tavares , Feder Julia Bueno , Messina Julia Rajczuk Martins , Barreira Raissa Moreira , Torres Vanessa Morales , Simões Vitor Lima , Paes-de-Almeida Elan Cardozo , Fernandes-Santos Caroline 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundSodium deoxycholate (DC) is often used in mesotherapy for the aesthetic improvement of body contouring. Although it is a minimally invasive procedure, DC use is off-label since, to date, it is approved solely for submental fat reduction, lacking evidence to support its safety to other body regions.ObjectiveTo investigate the systemic and hepatic effects of the prolonged use of DC in mesotherapy for fat reduction in Swiss mice under fructose consumption.MethodsFemale and male Swiss mice received water or 20% fructose (F) ad libitum for 12 weeks. DC 50 μg sc. was administered into the right inguinal white adipose tissue (riWAT) twice weekly for 4 weeks starting week 8. We assessed body weight (BW), glucose, lipolysis, hepatic enzymes, adipose tissue remodeling, liver histopathology, and protein expression.ResultsChronic DC did not affect BW, glucose, lipolysis, and hepatic enzymes, except for ALT in males. Although the riWAT weight remained stable, we found foam cells, tissue hemorrhage, and fibrosis. DC induced neither hepatomegaly nor hepatocyte hypertrophy in either sex except for fructose in females, which led to heavier livers and increased hepatocyte nuclei volume. Mild fat deposition was present in fructose-fed female mice, with no influence of DC injections. Finally, FXR and FGF21 protein expression were similar among the groups.ConclusionDC had no impact on BW or adipose tissue mass, although there were features of chronic riWAT inflammation. It failed to impair glucose and hepatic metabolism, morphology, and protein expression in both sexes.
DIRT/μ – Automated extraction of root hair traits using combinatorial optimization
Authors: Pietrzyk Peter , Phan-Udom Neen , Chutoe Chartinun , Pingault Lise , Roy Ankita , Libault Marc , Saengwilai Patompong Johns , Bucksch Alexander 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSimilar to any microscopic appendages, such as cilia or antennae, phenotyping of root hairs has been a challenge due to their complex intersecting arrangements in two-dimensional (2D) images and the technical limitations of automated measurements. Digital Imaging of Root Traits at Microscale (DIRT/μ) addresses this issue by computationally resolving intersections and extracting individual root hairs from 2D microscopy images. This solution enables automatic and precise trait measurements of individual root hairs. DIRT/μ rigorously defines a set of rules to resolve intersecting root hairs and minimizes a newly designed cost function to combinatorically identify each root hair in the microscopy image. As a result, DIRT/μ accurately measures traits such as root hair length (RHL) distribution and root hair density (RHD), which are impractical for manual assessment. We tested DIRT/μ on three datasets to validate its performance and showcase potential applications. By measuring root hair traits in a fraction of the time manual methods require, DIRT/μ eliminates subjective biases from manual measurements. Automating individual root hair extraction accelerates phenotyping and quantifies trait variability within and among plants, creating new possibilities to characterize root hair function and their underlying genetics.
Matched three-dimensional organoids and two-dimensional cell lines of melanoma brain metastases mirror response to targeted molecular therapy
Authors: Hicks William H. , Gattie Lauren C. , Traylor Jeffrey I , Davar Diwakar , Najjar Yana G. , Richardson Timothy E. , McBrayer Samuel K. , Abdullah Kalil G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeDespite significant advances in the treatment paradigm for patients with metastatic melanoma, melanoma brain metastasis (MBM) continues to represent a significant treatment challenge. The study of MBM is limited, in part, by shortcomings in existing preclinical models. Surgically eXplanted Organoids (SXOs) are ex vivo, three-dimensional cultures prepared from primary tissue samples with minimal processing that recapitulate genotypic and phenotypic features of parent tumors and are grown without artificial extracellular scaffolding. We aimed to develop the first matched patient-derived SXO and cell line models of MBM to investigate responses to targeted therapy.MethodsMBM SXOs were created by a novel protocol incorporating techniques for establishing glioma and cutaneous melanoma organoids. A BRAFV600K-mutant and BRAF-wildtype MBM sample were collected directly from the operating room for downstream experiments. Organoids were cultured in an optimized culture medium without an artificial extracellular scaffold. Concurrently, matched patient-derived cell lines were created. Drug screens were conducted to assess treatment response in SXOs and cell lines.ResultsOrganoid growth was observed within 3-4 weeks, and MBM SXOs retained histological features of the parent tissue, including pleomorphic epithelioid cells with abundant cytoplasm, large nuclei, focal melanin accumulation, and strong SOX10 positivity. After sufficient growth, organoids could be manually parcellated to increase the number of replicates. Matched SXOs and cell lines demonstrated sensitivity to BRAF and MEK inhibitors.ConclusionHere, we describe the creation of a scaffold-free organoid model of MBM. Further study using SXOs may improve the translational relevance of preclinical studies and enable the study of the metastatic melanoma tumor microenvironment.