bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning-Based Hardness Prediction of High-Entropy Alloys for Laser Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Zhu Wenhan , Huo Wenyi , Wang Shiqi , Kurpaska Łukasz , Fang Feng , Papanikolaou Stefanos , Kim Hyoung Seop , Jiang Jianqing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh-entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted much attention for laser additive manufacturing, due to their superb mechanical properties. However, their industry application is still hindered by the high entry barriers of design for additive manufacturing and the limited performance library of HEAs. In most machine learning methods used to predict the properties of HEAs, their processing paths are not clearly distinguished. To overcome these issues, in this work, a novel deep neural network architecture is proposed that includes HEA manufacturing routes as input features. The manufacturing routes, i.e., as-cast and laser additive manufactured samples, are transformed into the One-Hot encoder. This makes the samples in the dataset provide better directivity and reduces the prediction error of the model. Data augmentation with conditional generative adversarial networks is employed to obtain some data samples with a distribution similar to that of the original data. These additional added data samples overcome the shortcoming of the limited performance library of HEAs. The results show that the mean absolute error value of the prediction is 44.6, which is about 27% lower than that using traditional neural networks in this work. This delivers a new path to discover chemical compositions suitable for laser additive manufactured HEAs, which is of universal relevance for assisting specific additive manufacturing processes.
Soziale Arbeit kann Katastrophenhilfe
Authors: Genenger-Stricker Marianne , Lauscher Laika 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Engagement von Studierenden nach und seit den Überflutungen in Stolberg im Sommer 2021 zeigt, dass im Katastrophenfall ein gemeinwesenorientierter sowie in vielerlei Hinsicht niedrigschwelliger, partizipativer und vernetzter Ansatz erforderlich ist, um wirksame Unterstützung in der Krisensituation gewährleisten zu können. Die Einbeziehung von Umweltgerechtigkeit in die Agenda der sozialen Gerechtigkeit als genuines Prinzip der Sozialen Arbeit eröffnet den Blick auf die Lösung komplexer Probleme, die einen nachhaltigen Wandel sichern und den Bedürfnissen der Menschen sowie der physischen Umwelt in Zukunft gerecht werden können.
Exploring the role of compassion, self-criticism and the dark triad on obesity and emotion regulation
Authors: Sharpe Emma E. , Schofield Malcolm B. , Roberts Ben L. H. , Kamal Atiya , Maratos Frances A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEmotion regulation and/or obesity have been linked to compassion, self-criticism and ‘dark’ personality traits but the relationship between these factors is unclear as most research has focused on the big five personality traits. Here, we investigated the influence of dark personality traits on emotional dysregulation, compassion and BMI. 300 participants completed measures of emotion dysregulation, compassion, self-criticism and dark tetrad personality traits; also providing their BMI. MLR revealed psychopathy, high self-criticism and low compassion ‘for self’ predicted poor emotion regulation; accounting for > 50% of the variance. Whilst their effects on BMI were also significant, no factors singularly predicted BMI. Our research offers important insights into the complexity of factors that may contribute to poor emotion regulation. Of novel value, we found a link between self-compassion, self-criticism and emotion regulation; with self-criticism emerging as the biggest predictor of emotion dysregulation of all explored variables. Although implications for obesity are limited, it is notable that our population demonstrated less obesity than the general public. This is important, as it ascertains that emotion dysregulation, self-criticism, low self-compassion and dark personality traits are not associated with BMI in those of healthy weight.
Parent-child Discrepancies in Reporting Children’s Mental Health: Do Physical Custody Arrangements in Post-separation Families Matter?
Authors: Brocker Sven Alexander , Steinbach Anja , Augustijn Lara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMost analyses of children’s well-being in separated families are based on reports provided by parents. Thus, the question arises whether discrepancies between parents’ proxy reports and children’s self-reports exist and whether they impact explanatory models of children’s well-being. Since a family’s physical custody arrangement could systematically affect parents’ ratings of their children’s mental health, and this association has not been examined before, this study investigates parent-child discrepancies in reporting children’s mental health problems in separated families with different physical custody arrangements. Drawing on data from the German Family Panel (pairfam), multinomial logistic regression and multilevel mixed-effects models were estimated for 786 parent-child dyads nested in 622 families with children between the ages of 9 and 17. To measure children’s mental health, we used two subscales (emotional and conduct problems) of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings suggested that the relationship between physical custody arrangements and children’s mental health differs depending on whether the children’s or the parents’ data are used. Physical custody arrangements and informant discrepancies were not associated. Parents’ mental health and the quality of parent-child relationships appear more relevant in understanding informant discrepancies than physical custody arrangements.
Quelites Pasados of the Sierra Tarahumara, Chihuahua, Mexico: An Interdisciplinary Ethnobotanical Study of Leafy Green Vegetables
Authors: Severiano-Pérez Patricia , Cristians Sol , Bye Robert , Lucas-Florentino Bernardo , Ramírez-Orejel Juan Carlos , Linares Edelmira , Mera-Ovando Luz María , Castro-Lara Delia , Enríquez-Maldonado Daniel , Rodríguez-Servín Joel , González-Pedroza María de Guadalupe , Escalante-Martínez Viridiana , Palma Pérez del Valle José Emiliano , Mendoza-Cruz Myrna , Nevarez-Durán Alejandro , Silvestre-Lara Perla 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLeafy green vegetables have been a part of human diets throughout human history. Globally, they are gaining recognition since these wild foods could play an important role in food security. Quelites (the Mexican term for these resources) are dehydrated to produce “quelites pasados” by the Rarámuri in anticipation of the scarcity of food in winter. The diversity of quelites in the state of Chihuahua includes species of the widely consumed Amaranthus, as well as endemic, native, and introduced species that are eaten locally. The present work generated nutritional, sensory, and molecular information on four species that are consumed in the Sierra Tarahumara: Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus powellii, Arracacia edulis, and Phacelia platycarpa. Their nutritional analysis exhibited high protein values and a significant concentration of macro- and micronutrients. The acceptance by the public of the species of Amaranthus was high, while that of Arracacia edulis and Phacelia platycarpa was lower. Because of the morphological similarity within the two pairs of quelites, their DNA barcodes were generated as an identification tool which, together with the nutritional and sensory results, provides added value to the four “quelites pasados” of the Sierra Tarahumara. This study could be considered a starting point for sustainable use of native vegetables in future economic programs of regional agrobiodiversity, and even replicated globally.
Overall survival in Japanese patients with ER+/HER2− advanced breast cancer treated with first-line palbociclib plus letrozole
Authors: Takahashi Masato , Osako Tomofumi , Yasojima Hiroyuki , Inoue Kenichi , Kawashima Masahiro , Maeda Hideki , Ichikawa Akemi , Muramatsu Yasuaki , Masuda Norikazu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
An open-label, single-arm, Japanese phase 2 study (J-Ph2) investigated the efficacy and safety of first-line (1L) palbociclib (PAL) + letrozole (LET) in postmenopausal Japanese women with ER+/HER2− advanced breast cancer (ABC). In the final analysis, median progression-free survival was 35.7 months (95% CI 21.7–46.7); but overall survival (OS) data were immature. Here, we report the findings from a follow-up study of J-Ph2 (NCT04735367) evaluating OS and subsequent therapy in these Japanese women.

Methods
Patients (N = 42) who participated in J-Ph2 were enrolled in the OS follow-up study. The primary endpoint was OS and secondary endpoints included type and duration of subsequent therapy.

Results
Patients were a median age of 62.5 years; 48% had visceral metastases. At a median follow-up of 89.7 months, the median OS was 85.4 months (95% CI 64.3–not estimable). Median OS was longer in patients with nonvisceral versus visceral metastases (not reached vs 67.3 months), or with treatment-free interval > 12 months versus ≤ 12 months (85.4 vs 45.4 months), or with treatment duration ≥ 24 months versus < 24 months (not reached vs 47.5 months). Of patients who received a first subsequent therapy (81%), most (67%) continued endocrine-based therapy, while 7% received chemotherapy. The median duration of the first subsequent therapy was 8.3 months (95% CI 3.9–12.2), and the median chemotherapy-free survival was 69.1 months (95% CI 24.2–85.4).

Conclusions
In this population of Japanese women with ER+/HER2− ABC, median OS was over 7 years with 1L PAL + LET, supporting the use of 1L PAL + endocrine therapy.

Trial number
NCT04735367.
Cellophane packaging treated with nano silica is superior to polyethylene in reducing stored irradiated flour from Tribolium confusum infestation
Authors: El sayed T. S. , Rizk S. A. , Sayed R. M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMost packaged food products are attacked and penetrated by insects. Causing reducing food quality. Since, different ways are investigated for controlling stored-product pests without application of chemical methods. So, the present study included laboratory methods to evaluate the effectiveness of two packaging materials, polyethylene and cellophane with silica nano particles to prevent or minimize the insect infestation and grain wastage resulting by the attack of wheat grain by confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum. Studies made to determine the protecting capacity of the two packaging materials through assessing some parameters, number of adults infested poly ethelene and cellophane bags, percentage weight loss of grains, the results revealed that cellophane was the better packaging material than polyethelene, so polyethylene was the susceptible packaging material because it had maximum number of holes as a result penetrations by insects into them. Also, treatment the two types with packaging materials with different concentrations of nano silica protect the treated packaging materials from insect infestation and the protection increase with the increase of the concentration of silica nano particles
Bilateral dual iliac screw pelvic fixation for adult spinal deformity: a case report of a superior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to aberrant iliac screw trajectory
Authors: Khela Monty , Kasir Rafid , Lokken R. Peter , Clark Aaron J. , Theologis Alekos A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To present a case of a pseudoaneurysm of a branch of the left superior gluteal artery (SGA) secondary to lateral wall perforation from an iliac screw and its subsequent evaluation and management.

Methods
Case report.

Results
A 67-year-old female with a history of degenerative flatback and scoliosis and pathological fractures of T12 and L1 secondary to osteodisciitis underwent a single0stage L5–S1 ALIF and T9-pelvis posterior instrumented fusion with bilateral dual iliac screw fixation, revision T11–S1 decompression, and T12 and L1 irrigation and debridement and partial corpectomies. During the operation, non-pulsatile bleeding was encountered after creating an initial trajectory for the more proximal of the two left iliac screws. While the initial post-operative course was benign, the patient was readmitted for hypotension and anemia. Computed tomography of the abdomen/pelvis demonstrated a pseudoaneurysm (2.3 cm × 2.1 cm × 2.3 cm) of a branch of the left SGA. Diagnostic angiogram confirmed a pseudoaneurysm off of one of the branches of the left SGA. Endovascular embolization using multiple coils resulted in a complete cessation of blood flow in the pseudoaneurysm. At 2 years follow-up, no symptoms suggestive of recurrence of the pseudoaneurysm were reported.

Conclusions
A pseudoaneurysm of a branch of the left superior gluteal artery as a result of lateral wall perforation from an aberrantly placed iliac screw during an adult spinal deformity operation involving dual screw pelvic fixation is reported. Prompt recognition, multidisciplinary collaboration, and appropriate intervention were key in achieving a successful outcome and preventing further morbidity.
An Evaluation of the Swissmedic Regulatory Framework for New Active Substances
Authors: Bujar Magda , Dalla Torre di Sanguinetto Simon Andreas , Kermad Adem , Bolte Claus , McAuslane Neil 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Swissmedic is a major regulatory agency that has been benchmarking its timelines for 20 years. To better understand the Swissmedic review times and to examine whether measures introduced to accelerate the process were effective, a retrospective analysis was undertaken. The objective was to provide a breakdown of where time is spent in the phases of Swissmedic’s approval process (validation, scientific assessment, authorisation) and how this compared to other major authorities.

Methods
Data on Swissmedic, EMA and FDA product approvals were collected from websites or through direct communication, using a standardised CIRS method and milestones previously identified, focusing on new active substances approved 2019–2021.

Results
In 2019, 2020, and 2021, Swissmedic median approval times were 520, 470, and 392 days, respectively. The decrease over this time was mainly observed in the Authorisation Phase and can be attributed to lower proportions of applications with multiple “labelling loops”, in addition to shorter times for final label negotiation. While Swissmedic had the longest overall approval time (447 days) compared to EMA (428) and FDA (244), the timelines were more comparable when considering only the agency’s time spent on the scientific assessment, with Swissmedic at 194 days, EMA at 218 days, and FDA at 184 days.

Conclusions
These observations represent an important analysis of Swissmedic regulatory activity timelines, demonstrate the impact of process improvements, and emphasise the importance of measuring timelines. Swissmedic will continue to expedite its processes also by promoting international collaborations with like-minded authorities.
The Effectiveness of a Community-Based Playgroup in Inspiring Positive Changes in the Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours of Children and their Parents: A Qualitative Case Study
Authors: Mintoff Zoe , Andersen Peter , Warren Jane , Elliott Sue , Nicholson Carolan , Byfield-Fleming Helen , Barber Fiona 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe ideal period for implementing environmental education or education for sustainability is during the early childhood years. The educational context of playgroups can be a platform for both children and their parents to learn together and together engage in early childhood education for sustainability (ECEfS), however there is a paucity of literature examining ECEfS within Australian playgroup contexts. The Little Explorers Playgroup (LEP) is a facilitated playgroup located in a sustainable living centre in Sydney, Australia, and provides opportunities for children and their parents to engage in ECEfS. The study purpose was to evaluate the effect of the LEP on the participating children and parents’ environmental attitudes and behaviours. This qualitative study was designed as a single critical case study employing semi-structured telephone interviews conducted with twenty-three participants, including three LEP playgroup facilitators and 20 parents. The data generated by the interviews was analysed thematically and the findings indicated that the LEP empowered and positively transformed both the children and parents’ environmental attitudes and behaviours. This was evident through the children and parents’ adoption of more environmentally responsible attitudes and behaviours. The findings demonstrate that playgroups may be an untapped opportunity for facilitating community change towards sustainable living.
Spillover effects of violent attacks and COVID-19 exposure on mental health of health professionals: A two-phase quasi-natural experiments study in Northwest China
Authors: Liu Ning , Qian Hong , Zhang Ben Zhong , Guo Jing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The aims of this study were to examine the spillover effects of violent attacks, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) exposure, and their interactions on health professionals’ mental health, and the role of organizational support in their relationships in China. A two-phase survey data (n = 10,901) before and after the first outbreak of COVID-19 was integrated with regional macro data on the number of lawsuit cases of violent attacks and COVID-19 cases. Three studies were designed to isolate the general spillover impact of violent attacks on the mental health of health professionals, how COVID-19 affects the mental health of health professionals, and whether organizational support moderates the relationship between violent attacks and mental health through econometric regressions. Violent attacks and COVID-19 are negatively associated with the mental health of health professionals, and the outbreak of COVID-19 adversely deteriorates the spillover effects of violent attacks. Physicians, not nurses, are the most affected group. Better perceived support from hospitals can significantly mitigate the adverse effects of COVID-19, violent attacks, and their interactions on the mental health of health professionals. COVID-19 deteriorates the adverse effects of violent attacks on the mental health of health professionals, while better organizational support is helpful to mitigate these effects.
Intermittency across Reynolds numbers – the influence of large-scale shear layers on the scaling of the enstrophy and dissipation in homogenous isotropic turbulence
Authors: Elsinga G.E. , Ishihara T. , Hunt J.C.R. 
Published: October 2023

Direct numerical simulations up to Reλ = 1445 show that the scaling exponents for the enstrophy and the dissipation rate extrema are different and depend on the Reynolds number. A similar Reynolds number dependence of the scaling exponents is observed for the moments of the dissipation rate, but not for the moments of the enstrophy. Significant changes in the exponents occur at approximately Reλ ≈ 250, where Reλ is the Taylor based Reynolds number, which coincides with structural changes in the flow, in particular the development of large-scale shear layers. A model for the probability density functions (PDFs) of the enstrophy and dissipate rate is presented, which is an extension of our existing model (Proc. R. Soc. A, vol. 476, 2020, p. 20200591) and is based on the mentioned development of large-scale layer regions within the flow. This model is able to capture the observed Reynolds number dependencies of the scaling exponents, in contrast to the existing theories which yield constant exponents. Moreover, the model reconciles the scaling at finite Reynolds number with the theoretical limit, where the enstrophy and dissipation rate scale identically at infinite Reynolds number. It suggests that the large-scale shear layers are vital for understanding the scaling of the extrema. Furthermore, to reach the theoretical limit, the scaling exponents must remain Reynolds number dependent beyond the present Reλ range.
ADAM SMITH AS A MODEL FOR THE MODERN MONETARY-POLICY ECONOMIST
Authors: Bordo Michael , Rockoff Hugh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA key insight from Adam Smith is that economists should base their conclusions about a monetary institution or policy on a careful study of the history of that institution or policy, a study that includes the experiences of other countries. To illustrate Smith’s reliance on financial history we cover five current monetary problems that have close analogies with problems that Smith discussed: (1) inflation, (2) banking panics, (3) public debt, (4) usury laws, (5) central bank digital currencies.
Associations of free, bioavailable and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D with neonatal birth anthropometry and calcium homoeostasis in mother–child pairs in a sunny Mediterranean region
Authors: Fakhoury Hana M. A. , Arabi Tarek Ziad , Tamim Hani , Chun Rene F. , Grant William B. , Hewison Martin , AlAnouti Fatme , Pilz Stefan , Annweiler Cedric , Tzimagiorgis Georgios , Haitoglou Costas , Karras Spyridon N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSufficient vitamin D status is crucial for successful pregnancy and fetal development. The assessment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations is commonly used to evaluate vitamin D status. Our objective was to examine the interrelated biodynamics of maternal and neonatal total, free and bioavailable 25(OH)D in maternal–neonatal dyads at birth and their associations with homeostasis and neonatal birth anthropometry. We analysed a cohort of seventy full-term mother–child pairs. We found positive associations between all neonatal measures of vitamin D status. Maternal forms exhibited a similar pattern of association, except for the bioavailable maternal form. In multivariate analysis, both total and free maternal 25(OH)D concentrations were correlated with all neonatal forms (neonatal total 25(OH)D: 1·29 (95 % CI, 1·12, 1·46) for maternal total 25(OH)D, 10·89 (8·16, 13·63) for maternal free 25(OH)D), (neonatal free 25(OH)D: 0·15 for maternal total 25(OH)D, 1·28 (95 % CI, 0·89, 1·68) for maternal free 25(OH)D) and (0·13 (95 % CI, 0·10, 0·16), 1·06 (95 % CI, 0·68, 1·43) for maternal free 25(OH)D), respectively, with the exclusion of the bioavailable maternal form. We observed no significant interactions within or between groups regarding maternal and neonatal vitamin D parameters and maternal calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations, and neonatal birth anthropometry. Our study indicates that bioavailable maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D have no significant effects on vitamin D equilibrium, Ca homeostasis and neonatal anthropometry at birth. However, we observed an interaction between maternal and neonatal total and free 25(OH)D concentrations at the maternal–neonatal interface, with no associations observed with other calciotropic or anthropometric outcomes.