bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative circadian patterns in wearable sensor measured heart rate: a prospective observational study
Authors: Mestrom Eveline H.J. , van der Stam Jonna A. , Nienhuijs Simon W. , de Hingh Ignace H.J.T. , Boer Arjen-Kars , van Riel Natal A.W. , Scharnhorst Volkher , Bouwman R. Arthur 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to describe the 24-hour cycle of wearable sensor-obtained heart rate in patients with deterioration-free recovery and to compare it with patients experiencing postoperative deterioration.

Methods
A prospective observational trial was performed in patients following bariatric or major abdominal cancer surgery. A wireless accelerometer patch (Healthdot) continuously measured postoperative heart rate, both in the hospital and after discharge, for a period of 14 days. The circadian pattern, or diurnal rhythm, in the wearable sensor-obtained heart rate was described using peak, nadir and peak-nadir excursions.

Results
The study population consisted of 137 bariatric and 100 major abdominal cancer surgery patients. In the latter group, 39 experienced postoperative deterioration. Both surgery types showed disrupted diurnal rhythm on the first postoperative days. Thereafter, the bariatric group had significantly lower peak heart rates (days 4, 7–12, 14), lower nadir heart rates (days 3–14) and larger peak-nadir excursions (days 2, 4–14). In cancer surgery patients, significantly higher nadir (days 2–5) and peak heart rates (days 2–3) were observed prior to deterioration.

Conclusions
The postoperative diurnal rhythm of heart rate is disturbed by different types of surgery. Both groups showed recovery of diurnal rhythm but in patients following cancer surgery, both peak and nadir heart rates were higher than in the bariatric surgery group. Especially nadir heart rate was identified as a potential prognostic marker for deterioration after cancer surgery.
Learning pharmacometric covariate model structures with symbolic regression networks
Authors: Wahlquist Ylva , Sundell Jesper , Soltesz Kristian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEfficiently finding covariate model structures that minimize the need for random effects to describe pharmacological data is challenging. The standard approach focuses on identification of relevant covariates, and present methodology lacks tools for automatic identification of covariate model structures. Although neural networks could potentially be used to approximate covariate-parameter relationships, such approximations are not human-readable and come at the risk of poor generalizability due to high model complexity.In the present study, a novel methodology for the simultaneous selection of covariate model structure and optimization of its parameters is proposed. It is based on symbolic regression, posed as an optimization problem with a smooth loss function. This enables training of the model through back-propagation using efficient gradient computations.Feasibility and effectiveness are demonstrated by application to a clinical pharmacokinetic data set for propofol, containing infusion and blood sample time series from 1031 individuals. The resulting model is compared to a published state-of-the-art model for the same data set. Our methodology finds a covariate model structure and corresponding parameter values with a slightly better fit, while relying on notably fewer covariates than the state-of-the-art model. Unlike contemporary practice, finding the covariate model structure is achieved without an iterative procedure involving manual interactions.
In Defence of Böðvarr bjarki
Authors: Grant Tom 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFor almost two centuries, Böðvarr bjarki has been a household name in Beowulf studies. The exploits of this monster-slaying champion of the Danish king match those of the epic hero at many points, and this has made Bjarki the subject of critical fascination. Many scholars have viewed the correspondences between Beowulf and Bjarki as evidence that certain aspects of Beowulf’s career may have been modelled on existing Scandinavian legend — a view with clear implications for our understanding of the originality of Beowulf. The value of the Bjarki story has also been challenged, largely on the basis that Scandinavian evidence is inconsistent in its presentation of this tradition. This article defends the usefulness of the Bjarki analogue by returning to the Scandinavian source material. It demonstrates that the various versions of the Bjarki story across Old Norse and Latin sources are structurally consistent and point to the existence of a coherent underlying tradition. This reopens the possibility that Beowulf and Bjarki may independently derive from the same legendary archetype.
High birefringence photonic crystal fiber for glucose sensing
Authors: Sewidan Muhamed A. , Othman Muhammad A. , Swillam Mohamed A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses on designing a simple photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor. The proposed glucose sensor is modelled by Lumerical software using the finite element method. To evaluate the efficiency of this model, different sensing properties such as birefringence, coupling length, and relative sensitivity are calculated at different air-filling fractions. The principle of this PCF is to detect the variations in the refractive index of the different concentration glucose solutions. The analyte will be injected into an elliptical channel surrounded by two rings of air holes in a hexagonal shape. Numerical simulations show that increasing the air-filling fraction yields high performance and more light confinement. At the air-filling fraction of 0.45, the maximum birefringence and relative sensitivity were 4.01 × 10−3 and 91%, respectively. Also, the coupling length reaches a minimum of 162.09 μm.
Teacher noticing in mathematics education: a review of recent developments
Authors: Weyers Jonas , König Johannes , Scheiner Thorsten , Santagata Rossella , Kaiser Gabriele 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe teacher noticing construct is widely recognized in teacher competence and education research, particularly in the field of mathematics education. This paper surveys recent research on mathematics teacher noticing published between July 2019 and 2022, following an earlier literature review on teacher noticing across different disciplines. The study presented here analyzed 118 English-language articles published in peer-reviewed journals, focusing on conceptualizations, research methods, and relationships with other constructs, including teacher knowledge and beliefs. The findings suggest that the cognitive-psychological perspective on noticing, which emphasizes a set of cognitive processes, remains the predominant conceptualization. Recent research on noticing is characterized by a high proportion of studies based on small samples and qualitative research methods. While several studies have demonstrated the interrelatedness of noticing and professional knowledge, the relationship between noticing and beliefs and between noticing and instructional quality has rarely been addressed. Based on these findings, we highlight noteworthy contributions and critical shortcomings, and suggest directions for future research.
Governing the underworld: how organized crime governs other criminals in Colombian cities
Authors: Badillo-Sarmiento Reynell , Trejos-Rosero Luis Fernando 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article explores how organized criminal organizations exercise criminal governance over other organized and non-organized criminals using public messaging, lethal and extra-lethal violence. Drawing on extensive fieldwork, over 350 press reports, and an original database on inter-criminal lethal violence, we show, in line with recent literature on organized crime, that while these organizations use violence to build their reputation as actors willing to use force, they also provide benefits to other criminals such as financing and protection from state and competitors. This article contributes to the literature on criminal governance by elaborating on the mechanisms shown in recent work and by detailing an unexplored case study in Barranquilla (Colombia).
Non-Factualist Interpretation of the Skeptical Solution and the Self-Refutation Argument
Authors: Wieczorkowski Michał 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe skeptical solution is based on two assumptions — the rejection of semantic facts and the denial of semantic nihilism. On the basis of the non-factualist interpretation of this solution, these two assumptions are reconciled by stating that meaning ascriptions possess non-descriptive function. Nonetheless, Alexander Miller argues that this position is self-refuting since, as despite its non-descriptivism, by rejecting any kind of semantic facts, it inevitably leads to semantic nihilism. In this text, I demonstrate that Miller’s argument is not sound. I argue that a coherent non-factualist way of formulating the conditions of correct use of meaning ascriptions may be performed by rejecting the closure principle of assertibility of meaning ascriptions. On this basis, I demonstrate that argument formulated against non-factualist interpretation by Miller may be refuted. What is more, I argue that rejection of the closure principle should be regarded as the central aspect of Kripke’s skeptical solution.
Body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions, emotional regulation strategies, and disordered eating in adult men
Authors: Mendia Jara , Zumeta Larraitz N. , Pascual Aitziber , Conejero Susana , Caicedo-Moreno Angélica , Díaz Virginia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEating disorders (ED) in men are the great unknown. Although several studies have been carried out, it is still understood how men develop these disorders. In this regard, this paper explores the relationship between body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions and ED symptoms and the mediating role of emotional regulation strategies in this association. Participants were 127 (S1) and 163 (S2) adult men who responded to an online questionnaire at two different times and were classified into risk groups (general, high, and low) and healthy groups. Body shame and body guilt were positively related to ED symptoms and maladaptive strategies, whereas they were negatively associated with adaptive strategies. In contrast, authentic and hubristic body pride were negatively associated with ED symptoms (except for authentic body pride in S1), maladaptive strategies such as emotional suppression (S1), psychological withdrawal (S2) and upward social comparison (S2), and positively with adaptive strategies. Likewise, those at risk, compared to the healthy, presented more body shame and body guilt and less hubristic body pride (S2) and used more maladaptive and less adaptive strategies. Finally, maladaptive strategies partially mediated the effect of body shame and body guilt on ED symptoms (in the case of BG also adaptive ones), whereas in the case of the relationship between body pride and ED symptoms, only adaptive strategies and emotional suppression mediated. Our findings show the importance of reducing risk factors (e.g., maladaptive strategies) as well as enhancing protective factors (e.g., adaptive strategies) in prevention and intervention programs.
Inflammatory Factor IL1α Induces Aberrant Astrocyte Proliferation in Spinal Cord Injury Through the Grin2c/Ca2+/CaMK2b Pathway
Authors: Xia Yu , Ding Lu , Zhang Changlin , Xu Qi , Shi Ming , Gao Tianshun , Zhou Feng-Quan , Deng David Y. B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating traumas, and the aberrant proliferation of astrocytes usually causes neurological deficits. However, the mechanism underlying astrocyte over-proliferation after SCI is unclear. Grin2c (glutamate ionotropic receptor type 2c) plays an essential role in cell proliferation. Our bioinformatic analysis indicated that Grin2c and Ca2+ transport functions were inhibited in astrocytes after SCI. Suppression of Grin2c stimulated astrocyte proliferation by inhibiting the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2b (CaMK2b) pathway in vitro. By screening different inflammatory factors, interleukin 1α (IL1α) was further found to inhibit Grin2c/Ca2+/CaMK2b and enhance astrocyte proliferation in an oxidative damage model. Blockade of IL1α using neutralizing antibody resulted in increased Grin2c expression and the inhibition of astrocyte proliferation post-SCI. Overall, this study suggests that IL1α promotes astrocyte proliferation by suppressing the Grin2c/Ca2+/CaMK2b pathway after SCI, revealing a novel pathological mechanism of astrocyte proliferation, and may provide potential targets for SCI repair.
A unique case of lymphoepithelioma-like HCC with osteoclast-like giant cells: CT imaging features with pathologic correlations
Authors: Frittoli Barbara , Castaldo Anna , Santarsiere Marika , Ascione Raffaele , Tanzi Giulia , Ponsiglione Andrea , Baiocchi Gian Luca , Grazioli Luigi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver, with several histological variants being reported in literature. Hereby, we describe a case of a 77-year-old man with chronic liver disease referred to our department for performing a computed tomography (CT) due to a liver mass discovered at an abdominal ultrasound follow-up. At CT, a large, ill-defined lesion in the third hepatic segment was detected, characterized by progressive and delayed enhancement with minimal retraction of the hepatic capsule, associated with perihepatic adipose tissue inhomogeneity, mimicking a cholangiocarcinoma. At histopathological evaluation, the lesion turned out to be an HCC with lymphoepithelioma-like component and osteoclastic-like giant cells. This report focuses on the clinicopathological and radiological features of this unique case.
Magnetic resonance imaging of knees: a novel approach to predict recombinant human growth hormone therapy response in short-stature children in late puberty
Authors: Bai Xi , Zhou Zhi-Bo , Guo Xiao-Yuan , He Yi-Ling , Zhang Yue-Lun , Wang Feng-Dan , Feng Feng , Yang Hong-Bo , Chen Shi , Gong Feng-Ying , Zhu Hui-Juan , Pan Hui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
There is no appropriate tool to predict recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) response before therapy initiation in short-stature children in late puberty. The current study aimed to explore the associations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) stages of the knee growth plates and rhGH response in short-stature children in late puberty.

Methods
In this prospective cohort study, short-stature children in late puberty were treated with rhGH and followed up for 6 months. We proposed a novel knee MRI staging system according to the growth plate states of distal femurs or proximal tibias and divided the participants into three groups: unclosed growth plate group, marginally closed growth plate group, and nearly closed growth plate group. The primary outcomes were height gain and growth velocity (GV), which were assessed three months later.

Results
Fifty participants were enrolled, including 23 boys and 27 girls. GV and height gain after 6 months of rhGH therapy decreased successively in the three groups with an increased degree of growth plate fusion, especially when grouped by proximal tibias (GV1-3 mon from 9.38 to 6.08 to 4.56 cm/year, GV4-6 mon from 6.75 to 4.92 to 3.25 cm/year, and height gain from 4.03 to 2.75 to 1.95 cm, all P < 0.001). Moreover, the MRI stages of growth plates independently served as a significant variable for GV and height gain after therapy, especially when grouped by proximal tibias (all P < 0.01).

Conclusion
The MRI staging method is expected to be an effective tool for predicting rhGH response before therapy initiation in short-stature children in late puberty.

Graphical abstract
Assessment of groundwater recharge and connectivity with surface water in a mountainous watershed using natural tracers in Daejeon, Korea
Authors: Choi Hanna , Lee Chung-Mo , Jo Hui Je , Shim Byoung Ohan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe water supply from headwater streams in mountainous regions is considered an important source for sustaining both water quality and quantity in lowland areas. The Korean terrain is characterized by mountainous regions, the hydrological environment is significantly impacted by seasonal weather conditions. This study focused on investigating the hydrochemistry and isotopic composition of groundwater and surface water to identify hydrological connectivity within a mountainous watershed area in Daejeon, Korea. The estimated recharge rate using water budget methods suggests that approximately 20% of the total precipitation contributes to groundwater recharge in this site. The δ18O–δ2H values of the water samples indicate a meteoric water source for groundwater recharge, while the isotope composition of surface water reveals altitude effects, implying that groundwater recharges at a higher altitude region. Additionally, water revealed altitude effects suggesting that the groundwater was inferred to recharge at a higher altitude region. The hydrochemical conservative components (87Sr/86Sr ratio and Cl−) indicate that this watershed undergoes temporary similar water–rock interactions along its flow path, but it is also impacted by anthropogenic contaminants from the surrounding public area. The results of the three-component endmember mixing analysis demonstrate that groundwater is predominantly influenced by surface water, indicating a close interrelationship among various water bodies in mountain hydrology. These findings provide a comprehensive approach to water resource management by combining recharge rate estimation and the assessment of water body connectivity using natural tracers.
Experimental investigation of the rock cutting process and derivation of the 3D spatial distribution of the formation strength using in-cutter sensing
Authors: Koulidis Alexis , Pelfrene Gilles , Ahmed Shehab 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent advances in downhole measurements allow to accurately measure drilling forces at the drill bit, and estimate the evolution of the rock strength along the well profile. This paper presents an experimental methodology that allows to measure drilling forces, at the cutter scale, with a sensor embedded behind a polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutter, and to infer the 3D spatial distribution of the rock strength. Two experimental campaigns have been performed on a laboratory-scaled drilling rig and complemented with standard mechanical tests to validate rock strength estimations. In the first campaign, homogeneous synthetic rock samples have been prepared. The average rock strength of each sample derived from cutter force measurements and a cutter–rock interaction model, compares well with the one derived from mechanical tests. In the second campaign, heterogeneous synthetic rock samples have been prepared. They are made of two layers of gypsum mixtures of different strengths, separated by a slanted bedding plane. Based on the instrumented cutter measurements, the 3D spatial distribution of the rock strength has been reconstructed along its path. Rock strength estimations are consistent with results obtained from mechanical tests, and the reconstructed geometry of the bedding plane matches well its actual geometry. The experimental methodology and technology presented in this paper lay the foundations for estimating rock properties in 3D, at the drilling stage. It has the potential to provide geoscientists information about complex lithological structures at an early stage, reducing the need for expensive and time-consuming coring and logging operations.
Demystifying Vocal Hygiene: Considerations for Professional Voice Users
Authors: Weston Zoe , Schneider Sarah L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Discuss current literature and clinical experience related to vocal hygiene, with special consideration for the professional and performing voice user.

Recent Findings
Use and non-use-related vocal hygiene factors that may impact professional and performing voice users include hydration, laryngeal irritants, phonotrauma, and voice rest. Key considerations include monitoring both systemic and surface hydration, maintaining awareness of key signs and symptoms of reflux, avoiding phonotraumatic patterns and/or learning to pace voice use when high-impact vocal behaviors are required. Complete voice rest is better suited to treat acute injury and not practical for day-to-day vocal management.

Summary
Vocal hygiene is one tool within voice therapy that plays a key role in vocal injury prevention and rehabilitation when paired with direct voice therapy. Vocal hygiene education should be individualized, guided by the tenants of meta-therapy and motivational interviewing to increase self-efficacy for change and adherence to recommendations.
Synthesis of a quantum tree Weyl matrix
Authors: Avdonin Sergei A. , Khmelnytskaya Kira V. , Kravchenko Vladislav V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA method for successive synthesis of a Weyl matrix (or Dirichlet-to-Neumann map) of an arbitrary quantum tree is proposed. It allows one, starting from one boundary edge, to compute the Weyl matrix of a whole quantum graph by adding on new edges and solving elementary systems of linear algebraic equations in each step.
Certain invertible operator-block matrices induced by $$C^{*}$$-algebras and scaled hypercomplex numbers
Authors: Alpay Daniel , Cho Ilwoo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe main purposes of this paper are (i) to enlarge scaled hypercomplex structures to operator-valued cases, where the operators are taken from a$$C^{*}$$C∗-subalgebra of an operator algebra on a separable Hilbert space, (ii) to characterize the invertibility conditions on the operator-valued scaled-hypercomplex structures of (i), (iii) to study relations between the invertibility of scaled hypercomplex numbers, and that of operator-valued cases of (ii), and (iv) to confirm our invertibility of (ii) and (iii) are equivalent to the general invertibility of$$\left( 2\times 2\right) $$2×2-block operator matrices.
Simplified approach for modeling standard PVB at large deformations and long-term loading
Authors: Pauli Alexander , Siebert Geralt 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecently, the numerical simulation of the residual load-bearing capacity of laminated glass (LG) is an often discussed but not sufficiently solved problem in structural glass design yet. According to CEN/TS 19100:2021 (2021a), and CEN/TS 19100:2021 (2021b), the design in the Post Fracture Limit State (PFLS) is possible experimentally and numerically. Experimental verification requires large-scale component tests, which are often costly and time-consuming. The resource-saving numerical approach is to be preferred. However, at the moment, there is no sound numerical model capable of representing the complex load-bearing mechanisms of broken laminated glass (LG) in civil engineering practice. These mechanisms are the finite-strain response of the interlayer, the contact between glass fragments or shards themselves, and the bond between glass and interlayer. Delamination governs the latter one mainly. This work focuses on the experimental, mechanical, and numerical characterization of the finite-strain behavior of polymeric laminated glass interlayers at long load durations by the example of standard single-layer Polyvinylbutyral (PVB). Based on that, it introduces an approach enabling the simplified numerical simulation of LSG interlayers. The considerations rely on experiments and thermodynamic considerations.