bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of rolling at subcritical temperatures on the low-carbon steel structure and properties formation
Authors: Kotova Tetiana , Nosko Olha , Aiupova Tetyana , Volynchuk Vladyslav 
Published: December 2023

Problem. In practice, the rolling of a low-carbon steel sheet due to significant heat losses ends in the austenite – ferrite two-phase structure region, which leads to the metal heterogeneous structure formation, that decreases the sheet steel properties of the and its ability to be drawn.
Adverse temperature conditions characteristic of traditional hot rolling technology can be prevented by metal processing in the single-phase ferrite structure region below the critical point Ar1. Rolling of a thin sheet in the subcritical temperature range will ensure obtaining a uniform metal structure, which determines the level of its mechanical properties, as well as the quality of stamped parts
Goal. The purpose of the work is study the rolling modes influence at subcritical temperatures on the low-carbon steel structure and properties formation.Methodology. The microstructure of 08ps steel samples was studied using a metallographic and electron microscope JSM-840 with a "Link-860/|500" microanalysis system, the 08ps steel samples cross-section fine structure was studied using an electron microscope JEM - 200Сx. The metal mechanical properties complex was determined by standard tensile test methods.Results. The 08ps steel structure and properties after rolling at subcritical temperatures were studied. The comparative analysis of the fine structure of the initial blank and deformed samples of low-carbon steel was carried out. It was established that changes are observed in the structure of the deformed samples and the initial blank, which indicate the polygonization and recrystallization processes implementation and do not provide the of metal mechanical properties level provided for by DSTU 2834-94.Originality. Тhe thin structure of a 08ps steel sheet deformed in the subcritical temperature range with air cooling was studied. The development differs in the temperatures of the beginning and end of rolling, as well as the cooling rate in the post-deformation period. It allows to expand theoretical ideas about the patterns of 08ps deformed steel structure formation and to use them in practice. Practical value. The results of the work can be applied in determining rational processing modes, which involve rolling at subcritical temperatures, to increase the complex metal properties and obtain high-quality parts by cold stamping.
Сучасний концепт участі тиреоїдних антигенів та цитокінів в імунопатогенезі автоімунного тиреоїдиту. Огляд літератури
Authors: Гладких Ф. В. 
Published: December 2023

Автоімунні захворювання (АІЗ) щитоподібної залози (ЩЗ) — це опосередковані Т‑клітинами органо­специфічні автоімунні розлади, що виникають внаслідок зміненої відповіді імунної системи та характеризуються порушенням толерантності імунної системи до тканини ЩЗ.
Мета роботи — узагальнити сучасні відомості про роль тиреоїдних антигенів і цитокінів в імунопатогенезі автоімунного тиреоїдиту.
Пошук публікацій, у яких наведено відомості про імунопатогенез автоімунного тиреоїдиту, проведено у базах даних PubMed, Clinical Key Elsevier, Cochrane Library, eBook Business Collection та Google Scholar.
Основними тиреоїдними антигенами, які можуть індукувати опосередковану антитілом відповідь, є рецептор тиреотропного гормону, тиреоглобулін і тиреоїдна пероксидаза. Описано також такі антигени, як пендрин та симпортер Na+/I–. Автоімунні реакції при АІЗ ЩЗ являють собою два протилежні патогенетичні процеси з різними клінічними виявами. При хворобі Грейвса активовані Т‑клітини CD4+ спонукають В‑клітини виділяти тиреотропні імуноглобуліни проти рецептора тиреотропного гормону, що призводить до необмеженого вироблення гормонів ЩЗ і гіпертиреозу. При тиреоїдиті Хашимото самореактивні CD4+‑Т‑лімфоцити рекрутують В‑клітини та CD8+‑Т‑клітини у ЩЗ. Прогресування захворювання призводить до загибелі клітин ЩЗ і гіпотиреозу. Як автоантитіла, так і тиреоїдні специфічні цитотоксичні Т‑лімфоцити, вважають відповідальними за автоімунне виснаження тиреоцитів.
Схильність до АІЗ ЩЗ визначається поєднанням імунного механізму, генетичних чинників, чинників довкілля та конституційних чинників. Усі форми тиреоїдного автоімунітету пов’язані з лімфоцитарним інфільтратом у ЩЗ. При АІЗ ЩЗ інфільтрація ЩЗ Th1/Th2, Th17 і T‑reg супроводжується утворенням низки цитокінів та хемокінів, які відіграють важливу роль у патогенезі як хвороби Грейвса, так і автоімунного тиреоїдиту.
Клінічний випадок лікування загруднинного зоба великого розміру з використанням для діагностики та планування оперативного втручання індивідуально виготовлених пластикових прототипів за 3D-технологією
Authors: Галузинська О. І. , Кваченюк А. М. , Мороз В. В. 
Published: December 2023

Загруднинний зоб може довго залишатися недіаг­ностованим аж до появи симптомів компресії. При оперативному втручанні важливе значення має розташування щитоподібної залози (ЩЗ) щодо суміжних органів, судин і нервів. Найпоширеніший спосіб візуалізації новоутворень ЩЗ — ультразвукове дослідження. Запропоновано новий метод дослідження для своєчасної діагностики новоутворень ЩЗ. Пацієнту з виявленим новоутворенням ЩЗ проводять променеве дослідження. Двовимірне зображення ЩЗ на комп’ютерній томограмі з використанням контрастної речовини аналізує лікар‑спеціаліст, який обирає площини найкращої візуалізації певного сегмента. Для побудови моделі використовують фронтальну, сагітальну, аксіальну площини, для цифрових даних — файли формату DICOM. За допомогою спеціальних програм файли формату DICOM переводять у формат STL, який є основним для адитивної технології тривимірного зображення та друку. Проводять експорт збереженого файла у форматі STL у програму Autdesk NetFab. Для переведення готової комп’ютерної 3D‑вимірної моделі на принтер використовують пошарове наплавлювання пластичного матеріалу для виготовлення моделі із застосуванням різних типів пластику та принтерів (fusing deposition modeling). Для твердого пластику PLA використовували принтер Flashforge guider II та програми Flash Print, для еластичного пластику Primalloy — принтер Klema з програмним забезпеченням Kura. Після формування та друку моделі оцінювали такі параметри органокомплексу ЩЗ, як розмір, форма, анатомічна будова та розташування щодо сусідніх органів. Розробляли персоніфікований спосіб оперативного втручання. Наведено опис клінічного випадку пацієнтки віком 66 років з лівобічним вузловим еутиреоїдним зобом ІІ ступеня та загруднинним розташуванням ЩЗ. Виконано КТ органів шиї з контрастуванням. За отриманими даними проведено 3D‑реконструкцію. На підставі отриманих даних та макета розроблено план оперативного втручання, змодельовано віртуально оперативне втручання до операції. Виконано лівобічну гемітирео­їдектомію з пухлиною. Під час ревізії регіональних метастазів не виявлено. Післяопераційний період без ускладнень. Голос збережений, акт ковтання не порушений. Додаткові методи лікування після операції не застосовували. Запропонований метод дає змогу отримати високоякісну 3D‑вимірну модель із кольоровим картуванням та виготовленням пластикового прототипу на доопераційному етапі та розробити техніку оперативного втручання на макеті.
Performance of Grafted Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) at Different Pruning and Nitrogen Levels in Nawalparasi East, Nepal
Authors: Kandel Renuka , Sah Shrawan Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Pruning and level of nitrogen influence the growth and yield of bitter gourd. A field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different pruning and nitrogen levels on the growth and productivity of bitter gourd from March to July 2022 in Nawalparasi East, Nepal. The field experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The treatment comprised three levels of pruning (No pruning, second generation (2G) pruning, and third generation (3G) pruning) in main plots and three different doses of nitrogen (100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1) in sub-plots. Observations on growth, floral, and yield parameters were recorded, analyzed, and presented. The research result revealed that 3G pruning with 200 kg ha-1 nitrogen level produced the highest fruit yield (16242.56 kg ha-1) at the fourth harvest. The yield trend showed higher fruit yield at higher nitrogen levels and 3G pruning at all dates of harvest. The increased fruit yield at higher nitrogen levels was because of more number of fruits per plant as well as longer fruit length and larger fruit diameter. The higher productivity in 3G pruning was mainly due to more fruit per plant at the fourth harvest. The results indicate a higher yield of bitter gourd at a higher level of nitrogen with 3G pruning.
GENERAL ASPECTS OF CRITICISM OF CONTEMPORARY FIELD RECORDINGS OF UKRAINIAN MUSICAL FOLKLORE
Authors: Tereshchenko Oleksandr 
Published: December 2023

This paper emphasizes the need for a critical attitude towards audio materials obtained during folklore fieldwork and argues for the need to check / validate the audio materials documented in the field in terms of their reliability, completeness and compliance with the norms of the studied ethnomusical culture. «Attention zones», potentially dangerous in terms of possible bias of information at various the stages of its processing (fixation – funding – study – publication) have been identified. The factors that are the key to correct reading and appropriate scientific interpretation of field recordings were identified.
The last period of collection of Ukrainian musical folklore is characterized (from the point of view of methods used, collecting skills and the state of preservation of the ethnomusical tradition).
The main perspectives and methods of critical analysis of contemporary field recordings are presented – both at the level of a single piece or even its elements, and at the level of a larger or smaller field of information.
FORMATION OF MOTIVATION AND VALUE ORIENTATIONS IN TEAM AND INDIVIDUAL SPORTS ATHLETES
Authors: Yashchuk Serhii , Sovhira Svitlana , Penzai Serhii 
Published: December 2023

The article highlights the problems of forming motivational and value orientations among team and individual sports athletes. It showed that in the majority of scientific works devoted to the study of sports motivation, consideration of individual motivational variables, mainly the main sports motives of activity, prevails. Three main aspects of the study of motivation in general and sports motivation are highlighted, in particular: the topological (content) aspect, which involves consideration of the content of the main motives of activity; the structural aspect, which focuses attention on the internal structural characteristics of motivation and assumes the presence of a certain structure of interdependent motivational variables as a single entity, which, in fact, is motivation; dynamic aspect, which includes the entire complex of factors that ensure the process of formation, development, extinction of motivation, as well as the development of demotivation. Motivational variables have been studied that will allow to consider and characterize the structure of sports motivation in a socio-psychological context, in representatives of team and individual sports, in which the fact of having a team can determine the uniqueness of the combination and the degree of manifestation of these motivational variables: external and internal motives of sports activity, valuable orientations, types of orientation of the athleteʼs personality, as well as jealousy as one of the motives that ensure success in a competitive situation. It was revealed that the structure of sports motivation is a system of interrelated internal and external motives that ensure the desire to achieve high results in sports of higher achievements, which is determined by the social and psychological context ‒ the presence or absence of a team as a group (“a single whole”), factors, that determine the specifics of the professional development of athletes. We see the prospect of further research in the development of programs that provide training for professional athletes to perform at national and international competitions.
Keywords: formation; motivation; motives; values; orientations; motivational variables; young athletes; interaction team and individual sports; team.
HR POLICY OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN CRISIS CHALLENGES
Authors: Slatvinskyi Maksym , Tsymbal-Slatvinska Svitlana 
Published: December 2023

The article is aimed at researching new strategies for management decisions focused on the development of human resources in the context of crisis challenges.
It has been established that management decisions in the field of educational management are currently being implemented under conditions of financial constraints, and, accordingly, the further high-quality functioning of the education system and its strategic development, in the face of crisis challenges, requires modeling a new paradigm of the realized importance of human resources in the national higher education space, which in turn stimulates the search for new approaches to the implementation of management strategies in the field of higher education and the creation of new non-standard concepts of HR management in war conditions.
It is proved that in the current conditions of increased risks, the strategy of HR policy of a higher education institution is aimed at maintaining the effectiveness of educational and scientific activities of participants in the educational process through modernization of the HR management system, ensuring a safe educational space, changing models of incentives and motivation for the professional development of research and teaching staff, creating internal financial resources by expanding the practices of providing additional educational services by a higher education institution, directing such revenues to the professional development of research and teaching staff and the creation of safe conditions for professional activity.
It is determined that the main measures to manage the development of the scientific and pedagogical potential of a modern Ukrainian higher education institution in today's conditions should be concentrated in four key areas: creating safe labour conditions; forming a system of incentives and motives for high-quality professional activities, including material incentives; creating conditions for continuous staff development to ensure their psychological comfort; focusing on additional educational services, focusing on additional educational services, project activities and interdisciplinary programs as a strategic direction to compensate the financial constraints of educational institutions. These measures will help to increase the competitiveness of educational institutions and the quality of educational programs.
STUDY OF LAND MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS AND LAND MARKET DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kalinichenko Zoia 
Published: December 2023

The need to improve the processes of land regulation is related to the problem of rational and effective use of land for various purposes in Ukraine. The issue of the land market is relevant in the conditions of martial law. Expropriation of agricultural land plots continues, agreements are actively concluded.
The trends observed in the process of land use require new organizational and legal approaches to the regulation of land use and the creation of economic incentives for rational use. A mechanism for activating the land market and land protection in Ukraine is needed.
The article summarizes the main principles of improving the effectiveness of the use of land of individual households, farms, holdings and the meaning of its assessment indicators.
The study also examines the main achievements and problems of the land market in Ukraine; problematic aspects of the realization of the tenant's preferential right to purchase a plot of land and the transfer of the lease right without the owner's consent are revealed. The author describes the procedure and problems of compensation for damage caused to land owners by hostilities; raises questions about the territorial organization of agricultural and non-agricultural lands, assessment of the validity of land redistribution, restrictions on land use.
The informational basis of the research is the materials of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre and the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, own research results.
In the legal aspect, changes in the legislation on increasing the efficiency of land use by individuals and subjects of the state sector of the economy were analyzed. The positive consequences of the implementation of the specified legislative initiatives are indicated. The author emphasizes that land resources are today an element of food security in the conditions of armed aggression and recession of the national economy, which will worsen after the end of the war.
VENTILATION ARRANGEMENT FEATURES IN CIVIL DEFENSE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES
Authors: Dzhedzhula Viacheslav 
Published: December 2023

Given the urgency of armed aggression, ensuring the safety of the civilian population is of utmost importance. Various types of structures are used for this purpose, including simple shelters, anti-radiation shelters, storage facilities, and dual-purpose structures. The construction of these facilities must be equipped with diverse internal engineering systems to ensure the livelihood of people. With the introduction of the updated State Building Code of Ukraine (DBN) B 2.2.-5:2023 [1], the requirements for the engineering support of these structures have significantly increased. This article aims to analyze the features of arranging engineering systems in these facilities, particularly ventilation systems, and provide recommendations for specific cases of ventilation and conditioning system installation.
The article examines regulatory requirements for the installation of ventilation systems in the most common civil defense structures at present - anti-radiation shelters and dual-purpose structures with NBC (nuclear, biological, chemical) properties. Using the solution to a differential equation, the concentrations of carbon dioxide in rooms with people present are calculated depending on the ventilation mode: normal, reserve, and emergency. It is determined that in all cases, the concentration will not exceed the critical value. Recommendations are given for the design of ventilation systems for these buildings, and the specifics of ventilating and cooling rooms in diesel power stations for backup power supply are discussed.
It is revealed that, at significant capacities of diesel power stations, the arrangement of ventilation for cooling becomes structurally complex. Solutions to this problem are proposed. It is recommended for large NBC structures and dual-purpose structures to have two ventilation chambers with separate air intakes. This will help reduce the risks of contaminating the inflow air and prevent an increase in carbon dioxide concentration during fires near civil defense structures.
THE DIFFERENCE IN THE OPERATION OF DRILLED AND DRIVEN PILES IN THE COMPOSITION OF A TAPE PILE FOUNDATION
Authors: Blashchuk Natalia V. , Majewskа Irina V. , Shmundyak Oleksandr YU. , Perebyinis Mykhailo V. 
Published: December 2023

A comparative analysis of the results of the mathematical modeling of the strip pile foundation from driven and bored piles with one-row and two-row arrangement of piles with different longitudinal steps and different lengths in different types of soil was performed.
It was established that the degree of implementation of the load-bearing capacity of piles and grids as part of a strip pile foundation depends not only on the relative length and pitch of the piles, but also on the method of their arrangement. Taking into account the actual operation of piles and grids as part of the pile foundation allows to increase the load-bearing capacity of the pile foundation as a whole and, accordingly, to save material and labor resources during construction work.
Based on the results of the study, the difference in the operation of drilled and driven piles in the strip pile foundation was established. The load-bearing capacity of a low grid as part of a strip pile foundation on bored piles is 1.5-2 times greater than in pile foundations made of driven piles. The degree of implementation of the load-bearing capacity of the pile as part of the pile foundation is significantly greater for foundations made of drilled piles compared to foundations made of driven piles. For foundations made of driven piles, at step 3d - 6d, the piles in the strip do not fully realize their load-bearing capacity. Drill pile groups increase their load-bearing capacity by working in a group, even with a minimum pitch.
Since pile foundations from drilled piles significantly increase their bearing capacity due to the joint work of their elements under load in comparison with pile foundations from driven piles, taking into account this joint work, pile foundations from drilled piles become competitive with similar foundations from driven piles.
ABOUT ONE APPROACH TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS BASED ON DISTRIBUTION MIXTURES
Authors: Malyk I. , Litvinchuk Y. 
Published: December 2023

This article presents a novel approach for constructing self-optimizing algorithms designed to estimate parameters (hyperparameters) in complex systems, with a broader application to classical genetic and evolutionary algorithms. The central theme of this paper revolves around the exploration of multimodality in the objective function and advocates the effectiveness of employing distribution mixtures as opposed to single-peaked distributions in traditional scenarios. A significant focus of this research involves addressing the challenge of determining the dimensionality of the mixture and developing algorithms for both augmenting and reducing it. The methods employed for manipulating the mixture’s dimensionality are inspired by cluster analysis techniques, specifically those utilized in the CURE and BIRCH big data clustering algorithms. Furthermore, this work delves into a detailed examination of a self-adaptive algorithm grounded in a mixture of distributions, illustrated by the CMA-ES algorithm. It is evident that the proposed approach outlined in this paper exhibits versatility, making it applicable not only to the CMA-ES algorithm but also to various optimization algorithms involved in tasks such as classification or regression recovery.
THE PROPERTIES OF THE VOLUME POTENTIAL FOR ONE PARABOLIC EQUATION WITH GROWING LOWEST COEFFICIENTS
Authors: Medynsky I. , Pasichnyk H. 
Published: December 2023

The class of equations considered in the paper is a combination of two classes of equations: a degenerate parabolic equation of the Kolmogorov type and a parabolic equation with increasing coefficients in the group of younger members. Such a combination occurs in the problems of the theory of stochastic processes where, in the case of a normal Markov process, the Kolmogorov-Fokker-Planck equation has a similar form. The coefficients of this equations are constant in the group of principal terms and ones are increasing functions in the group of lowest terms. The article is devoted to the study of the properties of the volume potential, the kernel of which is the fundamental solution of the Cauchy problem for such an equation. Estimates of the fundamental solution of the Cauchy problem have a more complex structure than in the case of the classical Kolmogorov equation. These properties concern the existence of the derivatives included in the equation. They are used to establish theorems on the integral representations of
solutions of the Cauchy problem and theorems on the correct solvability of the Cauchy problem in the corresponding classes of functional spaces. Such studies are carried out in this work. The obtained results are new and published for the first time.