bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid optimization method of solid rocket motor propellant with structural strength
Authors: Guo Zongtao , Xu Jinsheng , Chen Xiong , Wang Chenyu , Li Hui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo design a solid rocket motor with a high mass ratio, it is necessary to find out the parameters of the grain shape to meet the structural strength under volume loading fraction and initial burning areas conditions. A rapid optimization method for complex grain of solid rocket motors based on parametric modelling and GA‐BP is proposed. Through the sensitivity analysis of the geometric parameters related to the grain, the sensitive parameters are determined. 30 groups of parameters are determined by the mixed horizontal orthogonal test and the learning samples of the neural network are obtained by FEA. The artificial neural network is established based on the FEA results, and the accuracy of the network is verified by 10 groups of test data sampled by the LHS method. The comparison results show that the prediction error of the maximum Von Mises strain is 5.09 %, the prediction error of the volume loading fraction is 0.16 %, and the prediction error of the initial burning surface is 0.865 %. Based on this, the neural network prediction results are optimized as a function of fitness in GA, and the optimization results show that the maximum strain is reduced by 20.41 % while the constraints are satisfied.
Half‐Metallic PN2 Monolayer as High‐performance Anode Material for Metal Ion (Li, Na and K) Batteries: A First‐Principles Study
Authors: Lin Xun , Lin He , Huang Yong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSearching for an appropriate anode material with desirable electrochemical performance is crucial in the development of metal ion batteries. In this work, based on the extensive first‐principles computations, we have systemically assessed the potential of an emerging PN2 monolayer as an anode material for lithium (LIBs), sodium (NIBs) and potassium (KIBs) ion batteries. The PN2 monolayer possesses excellent thermal, dynamical and mechanical stability, and it is half‐metallic with two energy bands crossing over the Fermi level in the spin‐down channel. Moreover, the diffusion barriers of Li, Na and K atoms on the PN2 are as low as 0.11, 0.09 and 0.05 eV, showing a high ionic mobility. The storage capacities of PN2 anode are predicted to be 2725.53, 1413.24, and 908.51 mAh/g for LIBs, NIBs and KIBs. Importantly, the PN2 anode exhibits strong affinity towards metal atoms and negligible structural distortion during the whole intercalation process, which is of importance to improve the cyclability and prevent the metallic dendrite formation. All the encouraging findings demonstrate that the PN2 anode holds great promise in the high‐performance metal ion battery application.
The Effects of Black Phosphorus‐Based Composites on Foodborne Pathogen Growth and Biofilm
Authors: Aksoy Çekceoğlu İlknur , Demirbaş Ayşe , Kurt Hacer , Eroğlu Zafer , Metin Önder , Hatay Patir Imren 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFoodborne infections are one of the most important problems in the protection of human health. Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritidis as the most common foodborne pathogens are the main cause of food poisoning. Due to the inadequacy of traditional antibiotics, biofilm formation and increase in resistant species, the control of the pathogen growth is a quite challenging issue. Recently, Black Phosphorus (BP) nanosheets as a rising star 2D semiconductor, has attracted great attention due to their specific surface interface interactions. Photo‐activated BP‐based nanocomposites could trigger the release of inorganic nanoparticles, creating superior antibacterial functions. In this work, NIR light‐induced antibacterial activities of pristine BP nanosheets, BP/Ag and BP/Au nanocomposites were tested on Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritidis and both of BP/Au or BP/Ag exhibited superior growth inhibition efficiencies compared to pristine BP nanosheets due to the active sites for physical contact with bacterial membranes as well as production of ROS. SEM analysis proved that BP‐based nanocomposites create physical membrane damages. Antibiofilm activities of the nanocomposites were also examined, which is higher than BP nanosheets alone. Accordingly, due to the sharp edges, NIR‐triggered photothermal effect and Schottky interaction of nanocomposites the biofilm structure was mechanically damaged. This work provides an idea to control the growth of bacteria by BP‐based nanocomposites, which have the potential to be used in large‐scale approaches as an alternative to antibiotics.
A Review of Antithrombolytic, Anticoagulant, and Antiplatelet Activities of Biosynthesized Metallic Nanostructured Multifunctional Materials
Authors: Emmanuel Stephen Sunday , Adesibikan Ademidun Adeola , Olusola Olawoyin Christopher , Bayode Ajibola A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe continuous upsurge in drug resistance, the proliferation of life‐threatening aliment, and the advent of the utilization of biogenic extract for bio‐fabrication of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) are unequivocally accidental. This review generously gathers the efficacy remarks of numerous biosynthesized MNPs concerning their antithrombolytic activity, Anticoagulant activity, and antiplatelet activity to give fresh thought to researchers on what to improve as per the architectural design of the biosynthesized MNPs, and selection of biogenic extract for better activities. In this work, efforts were made to provide mechanistic insight into the antithrombolytic, Anticoagulant, and antiplatelet activities of different biogenic MNPs. This work revealed that the biogenic extract used in synthesizing the green MNPs confers on them an improved biological activity compared to the physically and chemically synthesized MNP owing to the enormous phytochemicals present in the biological entities. Notably, it was also observed that phytogenically synthesized MNPs performed better than mycogenically synthesized MNPs and this might be ascribed to a large volume of the phytochemical present in plants that can easily be leached compared to microorganisms. Comparatively, the biogenic MNPs synergistically outperformed the ordinary biological extract and MNPs when used individually. Conclusively, from this review, the biosynthesized MNPs is a promising candidate for combating inflammation, the spread of infectious agents, retarded wound‐healing process, thrombosis, blood coagulation, ulcer, internal and external bleeding during injury with an average remarkable efficacy >70, and infinitesimal toxicity.
Determination of Digoxin in Biological Samples and Medicinal Plants by Electrochemical and Chromatographic Methods
Authors: Hassanpoor Shahed , Tamri Elham , Hasanpour Mostafa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, the nanocomposite with FeS2 nanoparticles and sulfur‐doped reduced graphene oxide (SRGO) were synthesized and characterized with appropriate spectroscopic, crystallographic and morphological methods. The FeS2‐SRGO nanocomposite was coated on a glass‐carbon (GC) electrode as working electrode for the electrochemical determination of digoxin. The method was linear in the range of 3–25 μgL−1 with the detection limit of the method is 0.54 μgL−1. The plant‘s active ingredient was extracted from Leonurus cardiac and Valeriana officinalis. Three important types of real samples including plants extracted and urine samples were selected to measure the amounts of digoxin. The electrochemical sensing results were evaluated by studying the amount of spiked recovery and statistical test with comparison to the high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method results and the accuracy and precision of the method for digoxin determination in real samples were confirmed. The results show the plant extracted contained a significant amount of digoxin. The presence of digoxin in valerian was investigated for the first time in this study.
Ultrahigh Enzyme Loading Metal–Organic Frameworks for Deep Tissue Pancreatic Cancer Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Liu Qian , Wang Li , Su Yitan , Dong Wang , Wang Huiru , Liu Yang , Liu Hang , Liu Lianxin , Wang Yucai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProtein drugs hold promise in treating multiple complex diseases, including cancer. The priority of protein drug application is precise delivery of substantial bioactive protein into tumor site. Metal–organic‐framework (MOF) is widely considered as a promising carrier to encapsulate protein drug owing to the noncovalent interaction between carrier and protein. However, limited loading efficiency and potential toxicity of metal ion in MOF restrict its application in clinical research. Herein, a tumor targeted collagenase‐encapsulating MOF via protein‐metal ion‐organic ligand coordination (PMOCol) for refining deep tissue pancreatic cancer photoimmunotherapy is developed. By an expedient method in which the ratio of metal ion, histidine residues of protein and ligand is precisely controlled, PMOCol is constructed with ultrahigh encapsulation efficiency (80.3 wt%) and can release collagenase with high enzymatic activity for tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation after reaching tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, PMOcol exhibits intensively poorer toxicity than the zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 biomineralized protein. After treatment, the pancreatic tumor with abundant ECM shows enhanced immunocyte infiltration owing to extracellular matrix degradation that improves suppressive TME. By integrating hyperthermia agent with strong near‐infrared absorption (1064 nm), PMOCol can induce acute immunogenicity to host immunity activation and systemic immune memory production to prevent tumor development and recurrence.
Unterkonstruktionen für vorgehängte hinterlüftete Fassaden aus feuerverzinktem Stahl – Teil 2
Authors: Weimar Thorsten , Reißaus Henrik , Hachul Helmut , Ridder‐Weßels Daniela , Tekinbas Yesim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDie vorgehängte hinterlüftete Fassade (VHF) stellt in der modernen Architektur eine bewährte Fassadenkonstruktion dar, die durch die technische Trennung von Witterungs‐ und Wärmeschutz bauphysikalische Vorteile verbunden mit hervorragenden Eigenschaften bei Rückbau und Rezyklierung zeigt. Nachteilig auf die Energieeinsparung wirken sich die Wärmebrücken aus, die durch die Wandhalter in der Dämmebene gebildet werden. Die Reduzierung der Wärmeverluste von vorgehängten hinterlüfteten Fassaden hängt insbesondere von der Gestaltung der Wandhalter ab, die bereits in Teil 1 dieses Aufsatzes vorgestellt werden. Die numerische Simulation der mechanischen und der thermischen Eigenschaften für Wandhalter aus feuerverzinktem Stahl im vorliegenden Teil 2 des Aufsatzes zeigt, dass aus beiden Bereichen unterschiedliche Anforderungen resultieren. Mit einem kombinierten Ansatz, der über die erforderliche Anzahl der Wandhalter die Wärmeverluste über die Fassade für eine definierte Last bestimmt, lassen sich grundsätzliche Aussagen für die günstigste Gestaltung treffen.
Starch‐Based Biodegradable Film from Fruit and Vegetable Waste and Its Standardization Modules Based on Neural Networks and Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Sarma Mausumi , Chakraborty Sourav , Kesavan Radhakrishnan , Dash Kshirod Kumar , Nayak Prakash Kumar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFruits and vegetable waste‐based starch has numerous applications for use as a biodegradable film in food packaging materials. This study reviews fruit and vegetable waste‐based non‐commercial starches that can be utilized as an alternatives for commercial starches in biodegradable film growth. Circular economy, sustainable manufacturing goals, recycling waste and by‐products, and new basic concepts drive the hunt for alternative starch sources. Starches from unusual and abandoned fruits and vegetables offer stronger research potential. The characteristics of starch extracted from these sources and their use as a biodegradable film are emerging trends in the field of packaging technology. Further, millet starch, for example, is made from the waste of underused crops or other fruits and vegetables and presents a wealth of new avenues for biodegradable film study. In order to cease throwing away valuable carbohydrates, especially starch, these sources must incorporate into the concept of “circularity” and work toward more sustainable manufacturing practices. Besides, optimizing the biodegradable film composition to improve barrier and shelf life is also crucial. Thus, an additional study may apply response surface‐based hybrid optimization, neural networks, or deep learning‐oriented models to optimize biodegradable film composition and intelligent monitoring of the materials under the packing systems.
Damping approaches in nonlinear seismic time history analysis for large mobile equipment with uplift
Authors: Kloos née Groß Mirjam , Sadegh‐Azar Hamid 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn large mobile equipment in seismically active regions, seismic stability is often a decisive design criterion, and the behaviour of this large equipment, which is characterised by uplift, tilting and rocking, can only be calculated by means of nonlinear time history analyses. Here, the model damping approach has a significant influence on the results of these analyses but there are no scientific approaches for large mobile equipment with nonlinear behaviour such as uplift. In this paper, possible theoretical damping approaches for nonlinear time history analysis of structures with uplift such as large mobile equipment are discussed and numerical studies are conducted to investigate the influence of damping in the model on the concise results of the typical behaviour of large mobile equipment under seismic excitation. A suitable new approach is to be developed and a way of practical implementation is being prepared. Experimental studies on real typical bucket wheel machines will identify and validate important natural frequencies and associated damping for the numerical approach. These can be applied in numerical models using the damping approach engineered in the theoretical part. Thus, realistic results of the numerical models under nonlinear seismic time history analyses can be expected and more precise conclusions on the distinctive behaviour of large mobile equipment with uplift can be drawn.
Compressive strength prediction of sustainable concrete containing waste foundry sand using metaheuristic optimization‐based hybrid artificial neural network
Authors: Kazemi Ramin , Golafshani Emadaldin Mohammadi , Behnood Ali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study seeks to present a sophisticated artificial intelligence (AI) framework to model the compressive strength () of concrete containing waste foundry sand (WFS), with the aim of minimizing the need for time‐consuming laboratory tests and skilled technicians. For this purpose, artificial neural network (ANN) is hybridized with two metaheuristic algorithms—particle swarm optimization (PSO) and ant colony optimization (ACO) to predict the of 340 samples containing WFS collected from the literature. Results indicated that the ACO + ANN model showed the best performance with the Pearson coefficient of 0.9971, mean absolute error of 0.0221 MPa, and root mean squared error of 0.7473 MPa. The values of prediction errors exhibited that more than 90% of them in the ACO + ANN model fall within the range of (−1.5 MPa, 1.5 MPa), while this range for the PSO + ANN and traditional ANN models was obtained as (−3 MPa, 3 MPa) and (−4 MPa, 4 MPa), respectively. Furthermore, the proposed ACO + ANN model predicted the in the range of 5.24–54.48 MPa. Besides, the results indicated that the water‐to‐cement ratio, cement strength class, and cement content had the most significant impact on the of WFS‐containing concrete. Finally, a comparison was made between the proposed ACO + ANN model and four other AI models recently proposed in the literature, in which the performance criteria demonstrated that the proposed ACO + ANN model outperformed the models in the literature.
Molecular identification and environmental DNA detection of gill lice ectoparasites associated with Brook Trout declines
Authors: Katz Aron D. , Tetzlaff Sasha J. , Johnson Mark D. , Noble John D. , Rood Steven , Maki Derek , Sperry Jinelle H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Gill lice Salmincola spp. are among the most widely reported parasites of freshwater salmonids and have been associated with recent declines in native Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations. Effective gill lice surveillance is vital for salmonid conservation success, but current survey approaches are often inadequate or problematic. We developed an environmental DNA (eDNA)-based approach to detect the gill louse Salmincola edwardsii and explored the viability of this approach as a management tool for rapid, large-scale gill lice surveillance at Fort McCoy, Wisconsin, USA.

Methods
Reference sequences were generated from gill lice specimens collected at Fort McCoy to confirm their identify as S. edwardsii and used to design a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay that targets S. edwardsii mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI). Assay validation included in silico and in vitro sensitivity and nontarget specificity testing, and assay performance was validated in situ by sampling eDNA at sites characterized via electrofishing.

Result
Molecular analysis of reference sequences confirmed S. edwardsii identity while also providing the first multi-population assessment of genetic variation for North American Salmincola and the most taxonomically comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Lernaeopodidae to date. Salmincola edwardsii eDNA was detected at 14 of 38 sites, including 12 of 14 sites with known active infestations, with no evidence that the odds of detecting gill lice via electrofishing was greater than the odds of detections from eDNA analysis. Brook Trout presence was highly predictive of gill lice eDNA site occupancy, concordant with S. edwardsii being an obligate parasite of Salvelinus fishes. However, by expanding survey coverage via eDNA analysis, we were able to identify an isolated drainage with Brook Trout where S. edwardsii is apparently absent, confirming electrofishing observations.

Conclusion
These results suggest that eDNA analysis is equivalent to electrofishing for detecting gill lice in terms of performance yet offers substantial gains in survey efficiency. Further, this study demonstrates how eDNA analysis can provide valuable intel for directing management efforts, especially when used to expand survey coverage and prioritize follow-up conventional surveys to assess host–parasite abundance, demographics, and status.
Biological characteristics of inland Lake Whitefish populations in Ontario
Authors: Haxton Tim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To assess the biological characteristics of Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis within inland lakes in Ontario at multiple scales and test whether there have been any changes in relative abundance, measured by catch per unit effort, spatially and temporally over 15 years.

Methods
A Broad-scale Monitoring Program, which uses a standardized random sample of the fish assemblage, has been conducted within inland lakes in Ontario since 2008 in roughly 5-year cycles on about 750 lakes. Lake Whitefish attribute and catch per unit effort data were used to assess variation in characteristics across the landscape.

Result
From 2008 to 2022, 54,941 Lake Whitefish were sampled among 524 different water bodies. Lake Whitefish relative abundance varied among fisheries management zones (FMZs), but not across cycles within or among FMZs. Relative abundance of Lake Whitefish was greater in lakes with lower large-bodied fish species diversity, greater Secchi depth, mean depth, and higher levels of hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen. Their relative abundance was greatest in the 12–35-m depth strata. Growth potential, age, and length at 50% maturity were similar between the sexes at the provincial and FMZ scales. Mean annual survival for populations with at least 50 Lake Whitefish sampled was 87%.

Conclusion
The demographics and relative abundance of Lake Whitefish throughout inland lakes in Ontario was indicative of limited exploitation on these populations at a landscape scale.
Identification of robust yield quantitative trait loci derived from cultivated emmer for durum wheat improvement
Authors: Peters Haugrud Amanda R. , Sharma Jyoti Saini , Zhang Qijun , Green Andrew J. , Xu Steven S. , Faris Justin D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDurum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum L.) is an important world food crop used to make pasta products. Compared to bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), fewer studies have been conducted to identify genetic loci governing yield‐component traits in durum wheat. A potential source of diversity for durum is its immediate progenitor, cultivated emmer (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccum). We evaluated two biparental populations of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from crosses between the durum lines Ben and Rusty and the cultivated emmer wheat accessions PI 41025 and PI 193883, referred to as the Ben × PI 41025 (BP025) and Rusty × PI 193883 (RP883) RIL populations, respectively. Both populations were evaluated under field conditions in three seasons with an aim to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with yield components and seed morphology that were expressed in multiple environments. A total of 44 and 34 multi‐environment QTLs were identified in the BP025 and RP883 populations, respectively. As expected, genetic loci known to govern domestication and development were associated with some of the QTLs, but novel QTLs derived from the cultivated emmer parents and associated with yield components including spikelet number, grain weight, and grain size were identified. These QTLs offer new target loci for durum wheat improvement, and toward that goal, we identified five RILs with increased grain weight and size compared to the durum parents. These materials along with the knowledge of stable QTLs and associated markers can help to expedite the development of superior durum varieties.
The geological evolution of the Silala River basin, Central Andes
Authors: Blanco Nicolás , Polanco Edmundo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImproved understanding of the geology and stratigraphic architecture of the Silala River basin and its evolution, reviewed here, has been important in providing scientific evidence to an international dispute between Chile and Bolivia on the nature and origin of the waters of the Silala River. The dispute was submitted in 2016 to International Court of Justice (ICJ), which issued its judgment in 2022. The Silala River has evolved within an active volcanic chain, in the western region of the Andean plateau. Various volcanic structures, at different stages of their evolution, have determined the basin's development. The first evidence of alluvial drainage associated with the Silala fluvial system appeared in the Lower Pleistocene (ca. 2.6–1.6 Ma), a record of alluvial deposits with paleoflow directions toward the Southwest and South‐Southwest. These deposits had an important role in forming a highly permeable horizon, confined between two pyroclastic deposits (the Cabana and Silala Ignimbrites) which comprise the main regional aquifer in the basin, although there are other minor locally important aquifers. The second stage in the evolution of the river system occurred in the late Upper Pleistocene‐Lower Holocene (ca. 11–8.5 ka BP), when an erosive period carved the current trans‐boundary ravine in the Silala Ignimbrite. Morphological evidence clearly shows that the ravine was carved by fluvial action. The only documented tectonic activity during the development of the Silala River basin is the Cabana reverse fault and associated normal faults, representing an East–West shortening, which occurred between 2.6 and 1.6 Ma.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
Human Water > Water Governance