bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of lysosome-related genes in gastric cancer and development of a prognostic model
Authors: Wei Zihao , Wang Zhengrui , Chen Zi , Luo Dongmei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite significant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer (GC), it remains a major contributor to global cancer-related mortality, characterized by high rates of distant recurrence and late-stage fatality.
Methods
We obtained gene expression data for the GC cohort (TCGA-STAD) from the Genomic Data Public Portal (GDC) and lysosome-related genomic data from AMIGO. We used the GSE66259 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for external validation. Initially, we screened GC tissues for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to normal tissues and overlapped DEGs with lysosomal genes to obtain lysosome-related genes (LRGs). Key LRGs were then selected for prognostic modeling through univariate Cox regression, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, and multivariate Cox stepwise regression. The prognostic models were evaluated using Kaplan-Meyer (K-M) analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Independent prognostic factors were also identified by univariate Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Additionally, we investigated biological functions, response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as well as tumor mutational load (TMB) mutations in high- and low-risk groups.
Results
The Univariate Cox analysis identified a total of 48 lysosomal genes with significant differential expression. Subsequently, LASSO regression was employed to select 11 prognostic genes. Finally, a multivariate Cox stepwise regression yielded a set of 7 genes (TRIM29, EGF, GPC3, RETN, RNASE3, GRP, and PSAL1) for constructing the prognostic models. The validated risk model demonstrated accurate prediction of clinical outcomes. Furthermore, independent prognostic analyses revealed that the risk score along with stage and age were independent prognostic factors. Notably, significant differences in biological function, immune microenvironment characteristics, as well as immunotherapy response, were observed between the high- and low-risk groups.
Conclusions
The identification of 7 key prognostic LRGs associated with GC patients facilitates accurate prognosis prediction and presents a novel avenue for enhancing clinical management and prognostic outcomes in the GC patient population.
Assessment of using radial probe endobronchial ultrasound with a guide sheath to increase the yield rate of transbronchial biopsy: A prospective randomized trial
Authors: Chang Hao-Chun , Kuo Yao-Wen , Lin Ching-Kai , Chang Lih-Chyun , Chen You-Yi , Yang Ching-Yao , Chien Jun-Yen , Hsu Chia-Lin , Tsai Tzu-Hsiu , Ho Chao-Chi , Shih Jin-Yuan , Yu Chong-Jen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (rEBUS)-guided transbronchial biopsy (TBB) with a guide sheath (GS) is widely used to diagnose peripheral lung lesions (PPLs), but there is no consensus on whether it increases the diagnostic yield. We conducted this prospective study to compare the diagnostic yield of the GS method to the conventional method without a GS.
Material and methods
From November 2019 to March 2023, patients with PPLs were recruited and randomly assigned to rEBUS-TBB with a GS (GS group) or without a GS (conventional group). The histopathology, cytology, and microbiology yield rates, as well as procedure time and post-procedure adverse events of the two groups were compared.
Results
A total of 102 patients were enrolled (54 in the GS group and 48 in the conventional group). The GS group exhibited a trend of increased pathology yield (75.9% vs. 68.8%, p = 0.418), while the yield rates of brushing cytology (64.3% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.030) and washing cytology (41.5% vs. 20.0%, p = 0.0443) were higher in the GS group. Meanwhile, the yield from GS washing culture was lower than the bronchial washing culture yield (0% vs. 57.1%, p = 0.017). The bleeding risk was also lower in the GS group (9.3% vs. 20.8%, p = 0.049), but the procedure time was longer in the GS group (17.6 ± 4.7 min vs. 15.1 ± 4.5 min, p = 0.008).
Conclusion
rEBUS TBB with a GS can increase the diagnostic yield of PPLs and decrease the risk of bleeding, while additional bronchial washing should be utilized to increase the microbiology yield.
Trial registration:
The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04056273).
Comparative proximate Analysis of Citrullus collocynthis(melon) and Prosopis africana(mesquite)
Authors: Ogbu J.C. , Nwosu P.C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
It is necessary to compare the nutrient quality before and after fermentation, to know the influence of fermentation on processed food. This research compares the nutrient composition before and after fermentation of Citrullus colocynthis and Prosopis Africana.2007). The Proximate composition (The moisture content, Ash content, Fibre content and lipid content) of the different samples was determined (Fermented Citrullus collocynthis in foil and Unfermented Prospis africana had highest moisture content of 83.0 and 62.1 respectively, Fermented Prosopis africana in Nylon and Unfermented Citrullus collocynthishad the highest Ash content of 1.20 and 0.67 respectively, Fermented Prosopis africana in foil and Fermented Citrullus collocynthis in foil had the highest fibre content of 40.18 and 12.80 respectively, Fermented Prosopis africana in foil and Unfermented Citrullus collocynthis had the highest fat content of 2.00 and 30.00 respectively.
Isolation, Identification and Antibiogram Activity of Bacteria From Urinary Tract Infected Women
Authors: Abubakar S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This research shows that that 15 out of 30 samples collected and screened for UTI yielded positive bacterial culture. Gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhii 13(86.7)% and Klebsiella spp 2(13.3)%) was observed to be the major bacteria in this study and they were almost sensitive to ciprofloxacin and tarivid.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic Lockdown on temporal variation of air quality in Bengaluru City – A case study
Authors: SRINIV ULLAS , B Prathima 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The current study examines the variation in air pollution in Bengaluru, India, considering the influence of the Covid-19 lockdown. The concentration of 8 air pollutants including Particulate matter, and air quality index (AQI) is analysed. A geospatial analysis is performed using QGIS software, to depict pollution variation, based on which, further a relative change in concentration of each pollutant and AQI is determined. Exceedance factor (EF) of pollutants from 2019 to 2022 is determined along with statistical correlation analysis.
The lockdown was implemented in March 2020, followed by a series of uplifting, and imposing, the months of March, April, and May were chosen for analysing. The study discovered a maximum reduction in AQI of (58%). However, a significant rise is observed, post-lockdown in 2022. The EF results revealed that particulate matter PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 are the major pollutants that posed a serious threat, as few stations fell into the 'Critical’, pollution category, especially in 2019. During the research period, SO2, C6H6, and NH3 concentrations were below the prescribed levels. The correlation study revealed that the AQI was closely related to PM10 and PM2.5. Overall, PM10, surpassed acceptable norms and is a principal criterion pollutant responsible for AQI in Bengaluru.
WaterScope: A Versatile Open-Source Platform Enabling Smart, Simple, Water Testing - for All
Authors: Mahdi Sammy , Dabrowska Alicja , Lewis George , Atlabachew Minaleshewa , Salter Susannah , Henderson Cassi , Ji Chang , Ehlers Annike , Stirling Julian , Mower Sophie , Allen Lara , Lay Elizabeth , Stuart Kara , Appavou Lisa , Bowman Richard , Zhao Tianheng , Patel Nalin , Patto Alexander , Holmes Mark , Baumberg Jeremy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Increasing access to water quality tests in low-income communities is a crucial strategy toward achieving global water equality. Recent studies in the Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) sector underscore the importance of addressing practical concerns in water testing, such as robustness and results communication. In response, we present the WaterScope testing kit; an open-source, novel platform for drinking water quality assessment. It modernises the testing process with the inclusion of a unique cartridge/slider mechanism, machine-learning-enhanced classification and full digitalisation of results. WaterScope’s equivalency to conventional methods for quantifying E. coli is established through extensive validation experiments in both laboratory and field environments. This versatile platform provides potential to expand its applications to test other bacteria, perform colorimetric assays, and analyse clinical samples such as blood/urine samples. We anticipate that the system’s ease-of-use, portability, affordability, robustness, and digital nature will accelerate progress toward global water equality.
Harmony Amidst Chaos_ Decoding Coping Skills and Unraveling Anxiety and Depression Dynamics in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Moment Lauren 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This comprehensive analysis conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic investigates the intricate relationships between coping strategies and anxiety and depression levels, presenting crucial implications for medical, clinical, and broader societal settings. The findings reveal nuanced relationships between specific coping mechanisms and anxiety and depression, offering clinicians and laypeople valuable insights for tailoring interventions. Strategies such as emotional support emerge as pivotal in mitigating anxiety and depression, while others, like self-blame and excessive planning, show associations with increased symptomatology. The implications extend to catastrophic events and other major life disruptions, emphasizing the need to address maladaptive coping during crises. The abstract underscores the importance of individualized approaches, integrating these insights into therapeutic dialogues for enhanced mental well-being. Awareness campaigns are advocated for societal resilience, emphasizing effective coping strategies.
Exploring the Interplay of Mutations, Viral Stability, and Implications for Innovative Vaccination Strategies and Therapeutic Approaches Among Various SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Abduljaleel Zainularifeen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study explores the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and its implications for immune evasion, resulting in significant variants carrying mutations that facilitate evasion from host cells. As global vaccination initiatives progress, our research comprehensively analyzes viral evolution, variants, and immune evasion strategies. Focused on fourteen key epitope mutations (Arg346Lys, Lys417Asp, Leu452Glu, Leu452Arg, Phe456Leu, Ser477Asp, Thr478Lys, Glu484Ala, Glu484Lys, Glu484Gln, Gln493Arg, Gly496Ser, Glu498Arg, and His655Y) within the spike protein's Receptor-Binding Domain (S-RBD), we unveil consistent patterns associated with immune escape in various SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our findings highlight the influence of protein fold stability, hACE2 binding, and antibody evasion on spike protein evolution. The results confirm that single-point immune escape variants alter virus stability, impacting the success of the antibody response. By correlating expression levels and thermodynamic stability for each mutant, we gain insights into the functional characteristics of the spike protein. This research provides valuable contributions to understanding immune escape variants, specifically targeting mutations within the receptor-binding domain. It suggests promising avenues for enhancing vaccine efficacy amidst the dynamic SARS-CoV-2 variant landscape. Overall, our study not only broadens the horizons for innovative vaccination strategies but also paves the way for novel therapeutic approaches in SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Projectile motion in a medium with quadratic drag at wind influence
Authors: Chudinov Peter 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A classic problem of the motion of a projectile thrown at an angle to the horizon is studied. Air resistance force is taken into account with the use of the quadratic resistance law. The action of the wind is also taken into account, which is considered constant (tailwind or headwind). The wind speed vector contains horizontal and vertical components. The projectile velocity hodograph equation is used to take into account the effect of wind. Comparatively simple analytical approximations are proposed for the main variables of motion (cartesian projectile coordinates and time). All obtained formulas contain only elementary functions. The proposed formulas are universal, that is, they can be used for any initial conditions of throwing. In addition, they have acceptable accuracy over a wide range of the change of parameters. These formulas make it possible to solve a variety of model problems of projectile motion without the use of numerical integration. The motion of a tennis ball and shuttlecock of badminton are presented as examples. The calculation results show good agreement between the proposed analytical solutions and numerical solutions. The proposed analytical formulas can be useful for all researchers of this classical problem.
Adaptive Sampling Immune Algorithm for Multi-Objective Probabilistic Optimization
Authors: Zhang Renchong , Pan Chunyan , Zhang Renmao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In this paper, for a general type of multi-objective probabilistic optimization problem without any prior noisy information, which has an extensive engineering application background and needs to be solved urgently, we propose a small-population immune algorithm with adaptive sampling to solve. In the design. First, we design a small-population immune algorithm framework inspired by the response mechanism of adaptive immunity. Second, we design an adaptive sampling scheme that adaptively allocates an appropriate number of samples for each sub-objective function of all individuals in the population to estimate the objective function value. Third, based on the objective function estimates, the dominance levels of all individuals in the population and the crowding distances of individuals in each dominance level are determined. Fourth, the clone size, mutation rate, crossover distribution index, and mutation distribution index of an individual are designed to be adaptively determined based on the number of iterations, dominance level, and crowding distance. Cloning, crossover, and mutation operators are implemented for each individual, using simulated binary crossover and polynomial mutation to enhance co-evolution and facilitate information sharing and exchange among all individuals. Fifth, based on the dominance level and crowding distance, the population update strategies are designed to adaptively update the memory set with high-quality individuals and generate a new generation population with good diversity. Finally, based on three theoretical problems and two engineering problems, as well as six representative comparative algorithms, the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is an optimizer with good competitiveness and application potential, and has few parameters, less sample consumption, strong noise suppression ability, and high search efficiency.
Professional networks for research and practice change in Allied Health professions in public health
Authors: Hitch Danielle , Clapham Renee , Pinson Jo-Anne , Sayner Alesha , Shannon Michelle , King Olivia , Snowdon David , Macdonald Emma , Greco Marnie , Boyce Rosalie , Dennett Amy , Howlett Owen , Klaic Marlena , Borschmann Karen , Withiel Toni , Schneider Michal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to describe professional networks relating to the research and practice change activities of allied health professionals (AHPs) within the public healthcare system of Victoria, Australia. Using a mixed methods cross-sectional approach, survey data were collected from 299 AHPs in metropolitan, regional and rural healthcare services. AHPs are mostly not engaged with research and practice change networks, with less than half (n=123, 41%) identifying key contacts for either activity. Participants’ key contacts in professional networks were typically from the same discipline, healthcare service and local area, although networking for practice change involved more contacts from other disciplines and workplaces compared to research networks. Most contacts (86%) were related to either research or practice change only, suggesting largely separate networks. Collaboration drives research and practice change networks, with research contacts often arising from formal research collaborations that provided opportunities for individual research participation and skill development. In contrast, practice change contacts facilitated discussion of ideas, relationships with clinical teams, and workforce development activities. The limited diversity in professional networks may be a barrier to multidisciplinary research and practice change. Better collaboration between different types of professional networks may help close the ‘research to practice’ gap.
Studies on Diversity of Spider at Hadapsar, Pune
Authors: choure Prachi Devidas , Basate Swapnil Somnath , Patil Archana Hemant 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Insects, which comprise the largest taxonomic group in the animal kingdom, hold immense ecological significance. Biodiversity encompasses the collective presence of various populations, species, and communities within specific areas. Among these, spiders play a crucial role as they primarily act as predators, playing a pivotal role in maintaining the balance of insect populations in environment. With a wide range of species, spiders are considered key components of all ecosystems, serving as an important indicator of overall species abundance and terrestrial ecosystem health. However, despite their relevance, a comprehensive study on spider diversity in Pune, Maharashtra, India remains partial. Consequently, our current study aims to fill this gap by providing valuable insights and pertinent information regarding spiders. The research was conducted during December 2022 and April 2023, encompassing various locations such as houses, gardens, warehouse, farms and libraries within the Hadapsar area which is in Located Pune district.
Application of γ-Nanoalumina-based Kaolinitic Clay (Na-Kc) in the Adsorptive Removal of Basic Blue 9 from aqueous synthetic Solution
Authors: Tchanang Gustave , Kepdieu Jean Marie , Djangang Chantale Njiomou , Ekani Cyprien Joel , Baldé Mamadou Yaya , Abi Charles Fon , Blanchart Phillipe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Experimental and theoretical investigations related to the adsorptive removal of Basic blue 9 (BB9) onto γ-nanoAl2O3 have been done in the present work. Batch tests were carried out varying some processing parameters namely initial dye concentration (5 - 50 mg/L), adsorbent dose (0.5 - 5 g/L), initial pH (1 - 12) and contact time (0 - 30 min). Under conditions of C0 = 50 mg/L; pH = 11; dose = 1g/L and t = 15 min, more than 83.6% of the BB9 molecules were removed. The pseudo-second order and the Langmuir models fit well the experimental data with highest R2 values of 0.99 and 0.91 respectively and lowest values of χ2. This suggests a two- step mechanism on a homogeneous distribution of active sites on the adsorbent surface. The adsorption mechanism first involved electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged γ-nanoAl2O3 surface in basic medium and secondly electrophilic-nucleophilic interactions. Compared to other adsorbents, γ-nanoAl2O3 of this work is a good alternative for treatment water containing dye BB9.
Machine learning-based bioinformatics analysis of common hub genes associated with oxidative stress and immune infiltration in COPD and atherosclerosis
Authors: Quan Jinhai , Fan Weijie , Li Shisen , Xie Huaijin , Li Shanghai , Huang Ruina , Liang Weijun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and atherosclerosis (AS) are both chronic irreversible diseases in the aged population, with oxidative stress (OS) and immune activation as the pathological basis. This study explored the common hub gene associated with OS and immune cell infiltration in AS and COPD.
Methods
Genes associated with AS were identified by the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis and weighted gene co‑expression network analysis (WGCNA) in the GSE100927 dataset. Genes associated with COPD were analyzed by WGCNA in the GSE76925 dataset. Functional enrichment analysis was carried out by Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The common hub OS-related genes were analyzed by the intersection of the WGCNA modules of AS and COPD and OS‑related genes, protein–protein interaction (PPI), and lasso regression. The diagnostic value of the hub common genes was assessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The association of the hub common genes with immune infiltration in AS and COPD was analyzed by the Spearman correlation method.
Results
A total of 455 DEGs (336 upregulated genes and 139 downregulated genes) were identified in GSE100927. The turquoise module of WGCNA in GSE100927 and the yellow module of WGCNA in GSE76925, which are the most relevant modules, were intersected and obtained 25 common OS-related genes between AS and COPD. Those common OS-related genes were enriched in signaling pathways related to immunity and OS. Two hub common OS-related genes (SELL and MMP9) were identified and showed good diagnostic value in AS and COPD. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that the hub common OS-related genes positively or negatively correlated with various infiltrating immune cells.
Conclusion
Our study identified the common hub genes (SELL and MMP9) associated with OS and immune infiltration in AS and COPD, providing candidate therapeutic targets for AS combined with COPD.
Unsupervised Subdomain Adaptation Robust to Noisy Pseudo Labels Using Symmetric Loss
Authors: Li Yundong , Yan Yunlong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Alignment of subdomain distribution plays an important role in preventing negative transfer in domain adaptation. Due to the lack of labeled data in the target domain, the current mainstream methods prefer using pseudo labels to align the features of corresponding categories between the source and the target domains. However, the noises present in pseudo labels affect the effectiveness of subdomain alignment. In the community of domain adaptation, samples with higher confidences are believed to be more reliable when generating pseudo labels. However, we found that this conclusion does not hold for hard samples. To address this issue, we propose a pseudo label screening mechanism which considers the trade-off of quantity and quality. The qualified target samples participate in the subdomain adaptation, while the unqualified samples are randomly assigned with labels. Thus, the asymmetric noises of hard samples are converted into symmetric noises. Symmetric loss is proved to be robust to symmetric noises. Inspired by this observation, we propose a symmetric subdomain adaptation loss (SSAL) and construct a robust subdomain adaptation network (RSAN) based on SSAL accordingly. Leveraging the random label assignments of hard samples and SSAL, we reconstruct the relation between sample’s confidence and the probability being correctly classified. The effectiveness of our method has been validated on public benchmarks. Compared with the SOTA method, our RSAN obtains an improvement of 2.7% in terms of average accuracy on the challenging VisDA-2017 transfer task.