bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfusion Imaging and Inflammation Biomarkers Provide Complementary Information in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Michopoulou Sofia , Prosser Angus , Dickson John , Guy Matthew , Teeling Jessica L. , Kipps Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Background: Single photon emission tomography (SPECT) can detect early changes in brain perfusion to support the diagnosis of dementia. Inflammation is a driver for dementia progression and measures of inflammation may further support dementia diagnosis. Objective: In this study, we assessed whether combining imaging with markers of inflammation improves prediction of the likelihood of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: We analyzed 91 participants datasets (Institutional Ethics Approval 20/NW/0222). AD biomarkers and markers of inflammation were measured in cerebrospinal fluid. Statistical parametric mapping was used to quantify brain perfusion differences in perfusion SPECT images. Logistic regression models were trained to evaluate the ability of imaging and inflammation markers, both individually and combined, to predict AD. Results: Regional perfusion reduction in the precuneus and medial temporal regions predicted Aβ42 status. Increase in inflammation markers predicted tau and neurodegeneration. Matrix metalloproteneinase-10, a marker of blood-brain barrier regulation, was associated with perfusion reduction in the right temporal lobe. Adenosine deaminase, an enzyme involved in sleep homeostasis and inflammation, was the strongest predictor of neurodegeneration with an odds ratio of 10.3. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for the logistic regression model was 0.76 for imaging and 0.76 for inflammation. Combining inflammation and imaging markers yielded an area under the curve of 0.85. Conclusions: Study results showed that markers of brain perfusion imaging and markers of inflammation provide complementary information in AD evaluation. Inflammation markers better predict tau status while perfusion imaging measures represent amyloid status. Combining imaging and inflammation improves AD prediction.
Peran Account Executive dalam Mengatasi Klien pada Perusahaan Agency di PT Duabelas Multikreasi Indonesia
Authors: Aliefiya Putri , Susyanti Dewi Winarni 
Published: November 2023

Account Executive memiliki peranan yang penting sebagai client service atau client-side dalam sebuah perusahaan agency. Tugas dari Account Executive tidak hanya menjadi perantara antara perusahaan dengan klien saja, namun Account Executive juga harus mampu menjadi representatif perusahaannya dengan baik, dan memiliki beberapa kemampuan tertentu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kriteria dan peran Account Executive, serta cara untuk mengatasi kendala terhadap klien. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi, wawancara, dan praktik langsung. Hasil dari penelitian menggunakan metode tersebut yaitu Penulis memahami kriteria Account Executive yang baik, peran dari Account Executive, dan kendala serta solusi yang dihadapi oleh Account Executive dalam berhubungan dengan klien dan menjadi representatif perusahaan.

Kata Kunci: Account Executive, Agency, Klien
Despeckling Ultrasound Images with Decorrelated Compounding in the Spatial Frequency Domain
Authors: Zhao Na , Kondi Donald , Hoang Vanessa , Ariello Krista , A. Yuen Darren , Hysi Eno , Xu Yuan 
Published: November 2023

<p>Speckle variance in ultrasound images limits the detection of low-contrast targets. Recently, a decorrelated compounding method in synthetic transmit aperture ultrasound imaging was proposed to reduce speckle variance. This paper extended the decorrelated compounding method beyond synthetic transmit aperture ultrasound imaging to any radio-frequency ultrasound images. A spatial-frequency-domain compounding method is proposed here by dividing the spectrum of ultrasound images into overlapped sub-domains to produce multiple sub-images for decorrelation and compounding. The image quality metrics, such as speckle signal-noise-ratio, contrast, contrast-noise-ratio, spatial resolutions, and lesion signal-noise-ratio, were calculated to compare the proposed method and the delay-and-sum method. The proposed method improved the contrast-noise ratio over the delay-and-sum method at the cost of spatial resolution loss. Overall, the proposed method improved lesion detectability in terms of lesion signal-noise-ratio by more than 57\% in numerical simulations and experimental studies. The proportion correct of detecting simulated low-contrast (-1 dB) lesions increased from the 67\% in the the delay-and-sum method to 95\% in the proposed method in the two-alternative forced-choice studies on human observers. Structures in the {\it in vivo} clinical image were identified more easily in the proposed method than in the delay-and-sum method.</p>
O Direito Através do Espelho: contribuições da assessoria jurídica popular às lutas de movimentos populares em torno do direito à terra e ao território
Authors: Monteiro Joca Martins Martha Priscylla 
Published: November 2023

<p>O presente artigo objetiva realizar uma reflexão crítica acerca das possíveis contribuições da Assessoria Jurídica Popular (AJP) Ã concretização dos direitos Ã terra e ao território de movimentos populares. Utilizou-se de pesquisa teórica e da sistematização e releitura de dados colhidos (em campo). O artigo parte de histórias, falas e canções de movimentos populares organizados em torno da luta pela terra e pelo território em meio rural no Ceará, que expressam suas compreensões sobre seus direitos e o papel da AJP na concretização destes, após o que se passa Ã s reflexões críticas sobre as contribuições da AJP. As conclusões indicam que a AJP contribui em para o acesso Ã justiça e a construção e disputa por outros paradigmas jurídicos mais favoráveis aos direitos desses movimentos.</p>
INTERNALISASI NILAI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA UNTUK MELATIH PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA PESERTA DIDIK SD/MI
Authors: Dwi Dwi Nur Umi Rahmawati , Dorisno Dorisno , Frasandy Rendy Nugraha 
Published: November 2023

Pembelajaran matematika masih sering dianggap pembelajaran bebas nilai padahal pembelajaran matematika memuat nilai-nilai yang berpotensi untuk mendukung keberhasilan pembentukan karakter luhur peserta didik. Nilai-nilai tersebut termuat dalam konten/isi materi matematika maupun dalam proses pembelajarannya. Apalagi kurikulum merdeka belajar yang capaian pembelajarannya diupayakan bermuara pada pembentukan profil pelajar pancasila. Oleh sebab itu, pembelajaran matematika di tingkat SD/MI seyogyanya juga bermuara pada pembentukan profil pelajar pancasila dengan menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai yang dapat dikembangkan dari hakikat matematika itu sendiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka (library research) dengan sumber-sumber pustaka berasal dari arikel penelitian dan buku-buku yang relevan, jurnal terindeks nasional dan internasional. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisi isi (Conten Analys). Instrumen penelitian mengguakan daftar chek list inventaris sumber sumber pustaka berdasarkan tahun terbitan, isi materi dan variabel penelitian. Temuan dalam penelitian ini disebutkan bahwa nilai karakter yang dikembangkan dalam mata pelajaran matematika adalah kebebasan, kemahiran, penaksiran, keakuratan, kesistematisan, kerasionalan, kesabaran, kemandirian, kedisiplinan, ketekunan, ketangguhan, kepercayaan diri, keterbukaan pikiran dan kreativitas Nilai-nilai tersebut diinternalisasikan melalui tiga tahap yakni tahap transformasi nilai, tahap transaksi nilai dan tahap transinternalisasi nilai. Melalui internalisasi nilai karakter pada pembelajaran matematika dapat mendukung terwujudnya profil pelajar pancasila.
Probiotics – a new panacea for periodontal diseases?! Literature review
Authors: Taimazova D. T. , Choniashvili M. Z. , Avanisyan V. M. , Edisherashvili U. B. , Jafarov E. M. 
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The emergence of new antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms, the widespread spread of viral and fungal diseases, as well as the growing allergisation of the population have generated interest in bacterial preparations – probiotics, which include living microorganisms – representatives, as a rule, of the obligate human microflora, which, when ingested in sufficient quantities, enter the body, retain their activity and viability, have a positive effect on the patient’s health.The purpose of the study was to review the literature on this topic, to determine the concepts of the use of probiotics in dentistry, as well as to identify promising directions in the development of methods of therapy of periodontal diseases with their use.Materials and methods. When studying this issue, scientific sources indexed in the Higher Attestation Commission, Scopus and Web of Sciences were analyzed.Results. Probiotics are a recognized therapeutic adjunct for various generalized and systemic diseases of the oral cavity. Their role in the prevention and treatment of dental caries, as well as its complications, is a direction that has been studied quite fully in the last two decades. The evidence for this is reflected in many randomized control studies. To test various probiotic combinations, it is necessary to conduct multicenter studies so that patients can take advantage of the entire therapeutic spectrum of new drugs based on probiotics and synbiotics.
The use of statin drugs in medical practice. Literature review
Authors: Salekh K. M. , Muraev A. A. , Ivanov S. Y. , Dolgalev A. A. , Bonartsev A. P. 
Published: November 2023

Relevance. Simvastatin is a statin drug used for the clinical control of hypercholesterolemia. Over the past decades, there has been a steady increase in the number of studies on the possibilities of simvastatin, in many respects superior to the effect of lowering blood cholesterol levels. The use of simvastatin in the field of bone tissue regeneration, as well as its ability to reduce the inflammatory response, is being actively investigated.The purpose of the review: to consider modern ideas about simvastatin and to study its pleiotropic effects.Materials and methods. The analysis of scientific publications in the electronic databases eLIBRARY, PubMed and Google Scholar (articles, meta-analyses, systematic reviews) for the time interval from 2015 to 2022 was carried out. Materials containing information on the hypocholes-terolemic activity of simvastatin and its mechanism of action, the use of simvastatin in periodontal practice, as well as the osteoinductive effect of simvastatin and its use in bone engineering are included.Results. The review reviewed 83 articles, from which 53 articles were selected after reviewing the literature.Conclusion. Based on the analyzed data, it can be concluded that the effects of simvastatin are multifaceted. Its anti-inflammatory activity has been proven by inhibiting interleukins and inflammatory mediators, participation in bone tissue regeneration by gene expression and stimulation of osteoblast cell differentiation.
Variants of the typical variability of alveolar arches in different craniotypes
Authors: Davydov B. N. , Domenyuk D. A. , Malysheva Z. V. , Ivanyuta O. O. , Domenyuk S. D. 
Published: November 2023

Background. The implementation of the principles of evidence-based medicine in applied and fundamental research consists in the precision of morphometric measurements in determining the types, dimensions and spatial location of the facial and cerebral parts of the skull. Published scientific data on the variability of morphometric parameters of the alveolar arches are contradictory and heterogeneous due to the lack of definition of interdependencies with gender, age characteristics and individual features of the skull.Goal. Investigation of the regularities between morphometric values and forms of the alveolar arches of the upper jaw in mesocrane, brachycrane and dolichocrane types of the skull.Materials and methods. Morphometry was performed on 93 preparations of skulls with lower jaws of both sexes of the first and second periods of adulthood with physiological types of bite and the shapes of the alveolar arches of the upper jaw were established. Taking into account the value of the transverse-longitudinal index, the skulls of mesocrane (n=54; 58.1%), brachycrane (n=23; 24.7%) and dolichocrane (n=16; 17.2%) types were identified. The length, width, depth and diagonal of the alveolar arches were studied as morphometric parameters.Results. The minimum and maximum limits of fluctuations of values, average statistical indicators, coefficients of variation are determined. The variability of the parameters of the alveolar arches of the upper jaw depending on the shape of the facial skull and gender characteristics was established. It is proved that the smallest values of the depth of the alveolar arch of the upper jaw are noted in brachycranes, the largest – in dolichocrans, while the smallest dimensions of the length, width of the alveolar arch of the upper jaw are determined in dolichocrans, and the largest – in brachycranes, while the smallest diagonal values of the alveolar arch of the upper jaw are revealed in mesocrans.Conclusions. The shape of the alveolar arches in the mesocrane type of skull has a proportional arcuate shape, in brachycrania − an arcuate «wide and short» shape, in dolichocrania − an arcuate «narrow and long» shape. The obtained new data on the variant variability of the alveolar arches should be used when planning treatment tactics for patients with complete adentia.
Interpretation of results of automated analysis of pleural effusion (clinical cases)
Authors: Baranovskaya I. B. , Kotivets K. A. , Sysoeva I. P. 
Published: November 2023

Automated analysis of effusion fluids, providing a large amount of objective information about a biological sample, has significantly expanded the diagnostic capabilities of the cytological service. At the same time, there are currently no unified algorithms for interpreting the obtained data. The aim of the work was to develop, based on the results of automated analysis of pleural fluids, alternative predictions of the genesis of the effusion (benign / malignant). The study was carried out on the basis of the Clinical Regional Hospital No. 2 in Krasnodar (Russia). The results of automated analysis of biological fluids obtained using the Sysmex XN analyzer were compared with the data of cytological, laboratory and instrumental studies. The article presents some of our own developments that can serve as indicative criteria for interpreting the results of automated analysis of biological fluids. It has been established that in terms of differential diagnosis of the genesis of effusion, the indicators of total cytosis (TC-BF) and the absolute content of highly fluorescent mononuclear cells (HF-BF#) are the most informative. Accounting for clinical data, results of laboratory and instrumental studies increases the informative value of automated analysis of biological fluids.
NG2/CSPG4 attenuates motility in mandibular fibrochondrocytes under serum starvation conditions
Authors: Ahn Shin Young , Bagheri Varzaneh Mina , Zhao Yan , Rozynek Jacob , Ravindran Sriram , Banks Jonathan , Chaudhry Minahil , Reed David A. 
Published: November 2023

The migration of mandibular fibrochondrocytes is important for the development of the mandible, the homeostasis of the mandibular cartilage, and for the capacity of the tissue to respond to injury. Mandibular fibrochondrocytes have to overcome formidable obstacles during migration including a dense and heterogeneous three-dimensional matrix. Guiding the direction of cell migration and commitment to a migratory phenotype in this microenvironment necessitates a multivalent response to chemotactic and extracellular matrix-mediated stimuli. One of the key matrix components in the cartilage of the temporomandibular joint is type VI collagen. Neuron/glial antigen 2 (NG2/CSPG4) is a transmembrane proteoglycan that binds with collagen VI and has been implicated in a wide range of cell behaviors including cell migration, motility, adhesion, and proliferation. While NG2/CSPG4 has been shown to be a key regulator of mandibular cartilage homeostasis, its role in the migration of mandibular fibrochondrocytes during normal and cell stress conditions has yet to be resolved. Here, we address this gap in knowledge by characterizing NG2/CSPG4-dependent migration in mandibular fibrochondrocytes using primary mandibular fibrochondrocytes isolated from control and full length NG2/CSPG4 knockout mice, in primary mandibular fibrochondrocytes isolated from NG2|DsRed reporter mice and in an immortalized mandibular fibrochondrocyte cell line with a mutated NG2/CSPG4 ectodomain. All three cells demonstrate similar results, with loss of the full length or truncated NG2/CSPG4 increasing the rate of cell migration in serum starvation/cell stress conditions. These findings clearly implicate NG2/CSPG4 as a key molecule in the regulation of cell migration in mandibular fibrochondrocytes in normal and cell stress conditions, underscoring the role of NG2/CSPG4 as a mechanosensitive signaling hub in the mandibular cartilage.
The landscape of global research on diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Tavakoli Mitra , Klingelhöfer Doris , Fadavi Hassan , Groneberg David A. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionDiabetic neuropathy (DN) is a prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes, imposing a significant burden on individuals and healthcare systems worldwide. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the global research landscape in DN, aiming to provide scientists, funders, and decision-makers with valuable insights into the current state of research and future directions.MethodsThrough a systematic review of published articles, key trends in DN research, including epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment strategies, and gaps in knowledge, are identified and discussed. ResultsThe analysis reveals an increasing prevalence of DN alongside the rising incidence of diabetes, emphasizing the urgent need for effective prevention and management strategies. Furthermore, the study highlights the geographical imbalance in research activity, with a majority of studies originating from high-income countries. DiscussionThis study underscores the importance of fostering international collaboration to address the global impact of DN. Key challenges and limitations in DN research are also discussed, including the need for standardized diagnostic criteria, reliable biomarkers, and innovative treatment approaches. By addressing these gaps, promoting collaboration, and increasing research funding, we can pave the way for advancements in DN research and ultimately improve the lives of individuals affected by this debilitating condition.
Comparative analysis of classification techniques for topic-based biomedical literature categorisation
Authors: Stepanov Ihor , Ivasiuk Arsentii , Yavorskyi Oleksandr , Frolova Alina 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Scientific articles serve as vital sources of biomedical information, but with the yearly growth in publication volume, processing such vast amounts of information has become increasingly challenging. This difficulty is particularly pronounced when it requires the expertise of highly qualified professionals. Our research focused on the domain-specific articles classification to determine whether they contain information about drug-induced liver injury (DILI). DILI is a clinically significant condition and one of the reasons for drug registration failures. The rapid and accurate identification of drugs that may cause such conditions can prevent side effects in millions of patients.Methods: Developing a text classification method can help regulators, such as the FDA, much faster at a massive scale identify facts of potential DILI of concrete drugs. In our study, we compared several text classification methodologies, including transformers, LSTMs, information theory, and statistics-based methods. We devised a simple and interpretable text classification method that is as fast as Naïve Bayes while delivering superior performance for topic-oriented text categorisation. Moreover, we revisited techniques and methodologies to handle the imbalance of the data.Results: Transformers achieve the best results in cases if the distribution of classes and semantics of test data matches the training set. But in cases of imbalanced data, simple statistical-information theory-based models can surpass complex transformers, bringing more interpretable results that are so important for the biomedical domain. As our results show, neural networks can achieve better results if they are pre-trained on domain-specific data, and the loss function was designed to reflect the class distribution.Discussion: Overall, transformers are powerful architecture, however, in certain cases, such as topic classification, its usage can be redundant and simple statistical approaches can achieve compatible results while being much faster and explainable. However, we see potential in combining results from both worlds. Development of new neural network architectures, loss functions and training procedures that bring stability to unbalanced data is a promising topic of development.
Analysis of predictive factors of unforeseen nodal metastases in resected clinical stage I NSCLC
Authors: Gallina Filippo Tommaso , Marinelli Daniele , Tajè Riccardo , Forcella Daniele , Alessandrini Gabriele , Cecere Fabiana Letizia , Fusco Francesca , Visca Paolo , Sperduti Isabella , Ambrogi Vincenzo , Cappuzzo Federico , Melis Enrico , Facciolo Francesco 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundDespite notable advances made in preoperative staging, unexpected nodal metastases after surgery are still significantly detected. In this study we aim to analyze the upstaging rate in patients with clinical stage I NSCLC without evidence of nodal disease in the preoperative staging who underwent lobectomy and radical lymphadenectomy.MethodsPatients who underwent lobectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy for clinical stage I NSCLC were evaluated. Exclusion criteria included the neoadjuvant treatment, incomplete resection and no adherence to preoperative guidelines.ResultsA total of 297 patients were included in the study. 159 patients were female, and the median age was 68 (61 - 73). The variables that showed a significant correlation with the upstaging rate at the univariate analysis were the number of resected lymph nodes and micropapillar/solid adenocar-cinoma subtype. This result was confirmed in the multivariate analysis with a OR= 2.545 (95%CI 1.136-5.701; p=0.02) for the number of resected lymph nodes and a OR=2.717 (95%CI 1.256-5.875; p=0.01) for the high-grade pattern of adenocarcinoma.ConclusionOur results showed that in a homogeneous cohort of patients with clinical stage I NSCLC, the number of resected lymph nodes and the histological subtype of adenocarcinoma can significantly be associated with nodal metastasis.