bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Graphene Nanoribbon Production Methods on Oxygen‐Reduction Electrocatalysis in Different Environments
Authors: Cardoso Eduardo S. F. , Fortunato Guilherme V. , Rodrigues Clauber D. , Júnior Fausto E. B , Ledendecker Marc , Lanza Marcos R. V. , Maia Gilberto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGraphene‐based materials have emerged as highly promising catalysts for enhancing oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), a pivotal process in diverse energy conversion applications and the production of eco‐friendly oxidants like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). To design exceptionally efficient catalysts tailored to specific applications, it is essentially crucial to have a thorough understanding of their electrocatalytic behaviour. This involves ascribing functions to structural characteristics like defects and exploring heteroatom doping in graphene matrices. In this work, we study the synthesis of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) derived from multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and their doping with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). We investigate how edge defects and oxygenated groups retained from the MWCNT opening process impact both the doping process and GNR electrocatalytic characteristics, with a focus on their relevance to ORR. Our findings underscore the need to optimize GNR structures and doping strategies for specific reaction conditions. We demonstrate how GNR characteristics are effectively influenced by varying MWCNT opening methods, ultimately affecting ORR performance and H2O2 selectivity. The findings show that when MWCNTs are opened to create GNRs with a broader distribution of oxygen atoms across the basal plane and fewer exposed edges, N‐insertion enhances catalytic activity, resulting in improved ORR performance. However, this alteration reduces H2O2 selectivity in both acidic and alkaline media. On the other hand, generating GNRs with abundant edges and widespread oxygen functional groups on both the basal plane and edges yields a high oxygen group concentration. This configuration not only facilitates phosphorus insertion at the edges but also plays a crucial role in enhancing ORR performance, leading to selectivities of over 92 % for H2O2 production in alkaline media. This study not only advances our understanding of graphene‐based catalysts but also offers meaningful contributions and insights into the development of more efficient and sustainable electrochemical technologies in the realm of energy conversion.
Effect of Iron Impurities on the Electrochemical Oxidation of Glycerol on Ni(OH)2/NiOOH Electrodes
Authors: Santana Cássia S. , Gjonaj Elvisona , Garcia Amanda C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerein, the effect of iron (Fe) ions impurities in alkaline electrolyte is investigated for enhancing the activity of nickel‐oxyhydroxide (NiOOH) for electrochemical oxidation of glycerol (EOG). Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry analyses show that Fe impurities have a significant effect on both EOG activity and product distribution. We found the presence of Fe impurities in the electrolyte enhance the C−C cleavage bonds within glycerol and its intermediates, thereby favoring the formation of C2 and C1 products. Our results deviate from the conventional observations in Ni‐based catalysis for EOG, which instead of the anticipated glycolate and formate products resulting from the C−C scission of glycerate, we observe the generation of oxalate (C2) and formate (C1), therefore suggesting the involvement of aldehyde intermediates in the reaction mechanism, providing a novel perspective on the higher faradaic efficiency of formic acid compared to glycolic acid. These results show the importance of eliminating iron ions from the electrolyte solution, as this step is pivotal in comprehending the cation effect on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol in alkaline environments.
Diindolocarbazole‐Based Rigid Donor‐Acceptor TADF Molecules for Energy and Electron Transfer Photocatalysis**
Authors: Sharma Sushil , Sengupta Sanchita 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe design and synthesis of four twisted donor‐acceptor (D‐A) thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules CBZ‐IQ, CBZ‐2FIQ, DI‐IQ and DI‐2FIQ is reported in this work based on diindolocarbazole (DI) and phenyl carbazole as donor and indoloquinoxalines as acceptor. These compounds serve as photocatalysts for organic transformations. Theoretical calculations and experimental data showed reasonable singlet and triplet energy gaps of 0.17‐0.26 eV for all compounds. All molecules showed increase in fluorescence quantum yields after degassing the solution and the transient photoluminescence decay showed two components: shorter prompt components (11.4 ns to 31 ns) and longer delayed components (36.4 ns to 1.5 μs) which further indicate the occurrence of TADF process. Cyclic voltammetry studies indicated well‐suited excited state redox potentials of all compounds to catalyze organic transformations such as heteroarene arylation. Accordingly, photocatalytic C−H arylation of heteroarenes were performed using these compounds with excellent isolated yields of upto 80 %. Due to their suitable efficient triplet energy levels, all the emitters were also employed as energy transfer photocatalysts in E to Z isomerization of stilbene with the excellent conversion of ~90 %.
Randomized phase 2 trial of tremelimumab and durvalumab in combination versus sequentially in recurrent platinum‐resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Hinchcliff Emily M. , Knisely Anne , Adjei Naomi , Fellman Bryan , Yuan Ying , Patel Ami , Xu Cai , Westin Shannon N. , Sood Anil K. , Soliman Pamela T. , Shafer Aaron , Fleming Nicole D. , Gershenson David M. , Vikram Raghunandan , Bathala Tharakeswara , Vining David , Ganeshan Dhakshina M. , Lu Karen H. , Sun Charlotte C. , Meyer Larissa A. , Jazaeri Amir A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundSingle‐agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated limited responses in recurrent ovarian cancer; however, 30%–40% of patients achieve stable disease. The primary objective was to estimate progression‐free survival (PFS) after sequential versus combination cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen 4 and programmed death ligand 1 ICIs in patients with platinum‐resistant high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).MethodsPatients were randomized to a sequential arm (tremelimumab followed by durvalumab on progression) or a combination arm (tremelimumab plus durvalumab, followed by durvalumab) via a Bayesian adaptive design that made it more likely for patients to be randomized to the more effective arm. The primary end point was immune‐related PFS (irPFS).ResultsSixty‐one subjects were randomized to sequential (n = 38) or combination therapy (n = 23). Thirteen patients (34.2%) in the sequential arm received durvalumab. There was no difference in PFS in the sequential arm (1.84 months; 95% CI, 1.77–2.17 months) compared with the combination arm (1.87 months; 95% CI, 1.77–2.43 months) (p = .402). In the sequential arm, no responses were observed, although 12 patients (31.6%) demonstrated stable disease. In the combination arm, two patients (8.7%) had partial response, whereas one patient (4.4%) had stable disease. Adverse events were consistent with those previously reported for ICIs. Patient‐reported outcomes were similar in both arms.ConclusionsThere was no difference in irPFS for combination tremelimumab plus durvalumab compared to tremelimumab alone (administered as part of a sequential treatment strategy) in a heavily pretreated population of patients with platinum‐resistant HGSOC. Response rates were comparable to prior reports, although the combination regimen did not add significant benefit, as has been previously described.
Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae Extracellular Polysaccharides
Authors: Khadka Saroj , Ring Brooke E. , Pariseau Drew A. , Mike Laura A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractKlebsiella pneumoniae is a clinically significant, Gram‐negative pathogen in which the production of extracellular polysaccharides is a key virulence factor. Extracellular polysaccharides such as the capsule and its mucoviscosity play a significant role in K. pneumoniae infection. In this article, we explain several standard protocols used to characterize the extracellular polysaccharides of K. pneumoniae. Several of these protocols are adapted specifically for K. pneumoniae and describe methods to purify and quantify the extracellular polysaccharide of K. pneumoniae. We also present a standardized protocol to quantify K. pneumoniae mucoviscosity, a unique feature of K. pneumoniae extracellular polysaccharide. These protocols will help create uniformity in standard protocols used in K. pneumoniae extracellular polysaccharide studies. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Extracellular polysaccharide isolation and purificationBasic Protocol 2: Large‐scale isolation and purification of extracellular polysaccharideBasic Protocol 3: Uronic acid quantification of extracellular polysaccharideBasic Protocol 4: Extracellular polysaccharide visualization by SDS‐PAGEBasic Protocol 5: Klebsiella pneumoniae mucoviscosity measurement by sedimentation resistance assayAlternate Protocol 5: 96‐well plate‐based Klebsiella pneumoniae sedimentation resistance assaySupport Protocol 5: Determination of plate to cuvette conversion factor
Human resource management and sustainability: Bridging the 2030 agenda
Authors: Campos‐García Irene , Alonso‐Muñoz Sara , González‐Sánchez Rocío , Medina‐Salgado María‐Sonia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe scientific literature related to human resource management (HRM) and sustainability has increased since 2015, coinciding with the establishment of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This article combines a bibliometric approach, using VOSviewer and SciMat software, with a systematic literature review to assess and identify the scientific production in this domain. During the period studied (1996–2023), the results reveal the role of HR in achieving corporate sustainability but also the responsibility of companies to apply sustainable principles to HRM practices. Based on the findings and the less developed issues related to the SDGs and HRM a model of research proposals is provided, focusing on mental health (SDG 3), gender equality (SDG 5), collaboration towards climate action and responsible production and consumption (SDGs 12 & 13), and more emphasis on SDG 1 regarding the social sustainability of organisations.
Morphological changes of the limbic system associated with acute and chronic low‐back pain: A UK biobank imaging study
Authors: Sacca Valeria , Chai‐Zhang Thalia Celeste , Hodges Sierra , Amores Judith , Guler Seyhmus , Todorova Nevyana , McDonald Caroline Merritt , Ge Tian , Kong Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is a major public health issue that influences physical and emotional factors integral to the limbic system. This study aims to investigate the association between LBP and brain morphometry alterations as the duration of LBP increases (acute vs. chronic).MethodsWe used the UK Biobank data to investigate the morphological features of the limbic system in acute LBP (N = 115), chronic LBP (N = 243) and controls (N = 358), and tried to replicate our findings with an independent dataset composed of 45 acute LBP participants evaluated at different timepoints throughout 1 year from the OpenPain database.ResultsWe found that in comparison with chronic LBP and pain‐free controls, acute LBP was associated with increased volumes of the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus, and increased grey matter volumes in the hippocampus and posterior cingulate gyrus. In the replication cohort, we found non‐significantly larger hippocampus and thalamus volumes in the 3‐month visit (acute LBP) compared to the 1‐year visit (chronic LBP), with similar effect sizes as the UK Biobank dataset.ConclusionsOur results suggest that acute LBP is associated with dramatic morphometric increases in the limbic system and mesolimbic pathway, which may reflect an active brain response and self‐regulation in the early stage of LBP.SignificanceOur study suggests that LBP in the acute phase is associated with the brain morphometric changes (increase) in some limbic areas, indicating that the acute phase of LBP may represent a crucial stage of self‐regulation and active response to the disease's onset.
Adaptive Guided Differential Evolution‐based Slime Mould Algorithm‐based efficient Multi‐objective Task Scheduling for Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: Nithiavathy R. , Janakiraman Sengathir , Deva Priya M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn a Cloud Computing (CC) environment, users are charged based on on‐demand resource utilization and expected Quality of Service (QoS). Multi‐Objective‐based Task Scheduling (MOTS) problem formulated for achieving the expected QoS in a CC scenario is always NP‐complete. The majority of existing Task Scheduling (TS) algorithms are not efficient in determining global optimal solutions due to huge space offered by large‐scale problem instances and characteristics inherent in NP‐complete problems. In this article, an Adaptive Guided Differential Evolution‐based Slime Mould Algorithm (AGDESMA) is proposed for dealing with the problem of Multi‐Objective large‐scale TS optimization over Infrastructure‐as‐a‐Service (IaaS) CC environment. The proposed AGDESMA is formulated with the merits of Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA) and Adaptive Guided Differential Evolution (AGDE) for achieving a proper balance amid exploitation and exploration phases and preventing the solutions from getting trapped into minimum local regions. It specifically adopts the method of AGDE for preventing premature convergence with maximized diversity of population and local search of swarm agents. The experimental validation of the proposed AGDESMA is conducted using CloudSim based on the synthesized and standard workload traces with larger instances up to a maximum of 5000. The results confirm the predominance of the proposed AGDESMA scheme over benchmarked schemes based on computational overhead and trade‐off between makespan and financial cost.
Clearance of β‐amyloid mediated by autophagy is enhanced by MTORC1 inhibition but not AMPK activation in APP/PSEN1 astrocytes
Authors: García‐Juan Marta , Ordóñez‐Gutiérrez Lara , Wandosell Francisco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProteostasis mechanisms mediated by macroautophagy/autophagy are altered in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD) and their recovery/enhancement has been proposed as a therapeutic approach. From the two central nodes in the anabolism–catabolism balance, it is generally accepted that mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (MTORC1)_ activation leads to the inhibition of autophagy, whereas adenosine 5′‐monophosphate (AMP)‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) has the opposite role. In AD, amyloid beta (Aβ) production disturbs the optimal neuronal/glial proteostasis. As astrocytes are essential for brain homeostasis, the purpose of this work was to analyze if the upregulation of autophagy in this cell type, either by MTORC1 inhibition or AMPK activation, could modulate the generation/degradation of β‐amyloid. By using primary astrocytes from amyloid beta precursor protein (APP)/Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) mouse model of AD, we confirmed that MTORC1 inhibition reduced Aβ secretion through moderate autophagy induction. Surprisingly, pharmacologically increased activity of AMPK did not enhance autophagy but had different effects on Aβ secretion. Conversely, AMPK inhibition did not affect autophagy but reduced Aβ secretion. These puzzling data were confirmed through the overexpression of different mutant AMPK isoforms: while only the constitutively active AMPK increased autophagy, all versions augmented Aβ secretion. We conclude that AMPK has a significantly different role in primary astrocytes than in other reported cells, similar to our previous findings in neurons. Our data support that perhaps only a basal AMPK activity is needed to maintain autophagy whereas the increased activity, either physiologically or pharmacologically, has no direct effect on autophagy‐dependent amyloidosis. These results shed light on the controversy about the therapeutic effect of AMPK activation on autophagy induction.
Toward inclusive and identity safe learning for supporting racialized student achievement
Authors: Holden LaTasha R. , Tanenbaum Gabriel J. , Ashley Austin E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStudents racialized as Black often experience forms of marginalization and encounter unique obstacles in their educational paths. As a result, more inclusive and tailored forms of support should be developed. Working to better support Black students should be initiated through two complementary sides—through that of the instructor and the scientist. First, we consider the importance of identity‐safety and detail identity‐based barriers Black students experience in their learning environments. We then define the notion of cognitive universals and discuss how it limits the effectiveness of science and its translation to more inclusive practices. We argue that to strengthen tailored forms of student support, we must move beyond focusing only on cognitive universals and more carefully consider heterogeneity of effects. To support our argument, we present evidence‐based strategies from cognitive and learning science and educational interventions research to combat identity‐based barriers and boost learning gains. Overall, we urge instructors and scientists to consider a variety of techniques to create more identity‐safe and inclusive learning environments for Black students.
The impact of extreme precipitation on nutrient runoff
Authors: Skidmore Marin , Andarge Tihitina , Foltz Jeremy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAgriculture remains a leading source of water pollution in the United States, and climate change may exacerbate this relationship. We quantify increases in nutrient runoff following extreme precipitation events, showing that spikes are higher in regions with crop and livestock production. The spike per head is smaller around large‐scale livestock production, relative to small‐scale, and cover crops mitigate runoff. Legacy nutrients enter the surface water following extreme precipitation, regardless of current activity. We shed light on practices to protect water quality with more frequent extreme precipitation events and demonstrate the importance of including these events in empirical models of water quality.
Oxybutynin ameliorates LPS‐induced inflammatory response in human bladder epithelial cells
Authors: Chen Cheng , Li Jiangtao , Wang Juan , Zhang Mao , Zhang Lei , Lin Zhihua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUrinary tract infection (UTI) mainly results from bacterial infections in the urinary tract and markedly impacts the normal lives of millions of patients worldwide. The infection and damage to urethral epithelial cells is the first and key step of UTI development and is a critical target for treating clinical UTI. Oxybutynin, an agent for treating urinary incontinence, is recently claimed with protective effects on bladder ultrastructure. Our study will assess the impact of Oxybutynin on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated bladder epithelial cells. Bladder epithelial T24 cells were treated with 1 μg/mL LPS with or without 10 and 20 μM Oxybutynin for 24 h. Increased levels of oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers, such as reactive oxygen species, 8‐hydroxy‐2'‐deoxyguanosine, malondialdehyde, as well as upregulated inducible nitric oxide synthase and promoted release of nitric oxide, were observed in LPS‐managed T24 cells, all of which were signally suppressed by Oxybutynin. Furthermore, severe inflammatory responses, including enhanced release of cytokines, upregulated matrix metallopeptidase‐2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐9, and raised monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 level, were found in LPS‐challenged T24 cells, which were markedly reversed by Oxybutynin. Moreover, the activated toll‐1ike receptor 4/nuclear factor‐κB pathway observed in LPS‐managed T24 cells was repressed by Oxybutynin. Collectively, Oxybutynin mitigated LPS‐induced inflammatory response in human bladder epithelial cells.
Performance evaluation of sperm concentration, motility, and morphological analysis for GSA‐810 series of sperm quality analysis system
Authors: Ge Yan‐Mei , Lu Jin‐Chun , Tang Shan‐Shan , Xu Yuan‐Hua , Liang Yuan‐Jiao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe performance evaluation of each computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system may provide a basis for the interpretation of clinical results and further improvement of the CASA system.MethodsThe accuracy of the GSA‐810 CASA system was evaluated by detecting latex bead quality control products. The precision of sperm concentration, morphology, and percentages of progressively motile sperm (PR) were evaluated by coefficient of variation (CV). Three samples with sperm concentration of about 100 × 106/mL were diluted to evaluate the linear range.ResultsThe detection values of latex beads were within the range of target values. The CVs of sperm concentration and PR were significantly and negatively correlated with sperm concentration (r = −0.561, p = 0.001) and PR value (r = −0.621, p < 0.001), respectively. The R2 values of the linear range of sperm concentration were ≥0.99. There was no significant difference in sperm motility and PR within 1–10 min at 36.5°C ± 0.5°C. The coincidence rates of sperm morphology and sperm head morphology for 36 semen samples analyzed by the GSA‐810 system and manual method were 99.40% and 99.67%, respectively. The CVs of the percentage of sperm with abnormal morphology and percentage of sperm with abnormal head morphology were less than 5%.ConclusionThe GSA‐810 system can accurately analyze normal semen samples, but the repeatability of the results is poor for oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia samples. The future CASA system for analyzing sperm morphology should focus on recognizing the middle and tail segments of a spermatozoon.