bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of the Green Mussel, Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) to Bioremediate Total Heterotrophic Bacteria, Vibrio and Plankton in the Culture Medium of Penaeus monodon Pond System
Authors: Arriesgado Elgen M. , Arriesgado Dan M. , Fagutao Fernand F. , Choresca Casiano H. , Anuevo Gwen M. , Besoña Jomar F. , Sornito Marnelle B. , Pedroso Fiona L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The efficiency of Perna viridis in bioremediating total heterotrophic bacteria, vibrio, and plankton from Penaeus monodon pond system was evaluated in microcosm conditions using 200L plastic drums for 72 hours. The study intends to contribute to the refinement of an IMTA technology for P. monodon in Northern Mindanao by evaluating the bioremediation performance of mussels at different stocking densities (0-mussel, 10-mussels and 15-emussels per 200 L water). Bacterial populations (CFU/ml) in the water were significantly higher in control (1.47E + 02 to 1.55E + 03 THB; 5.33E + 01 to 7.70E + 02 vibrio) than those stocked with 10-mussel (1.40E + 02 to 5.58E + 02 THB; 5.50E + 01 to 1.98E + 02 vibrio) and 15-mussel (1.54E + 02 to 5.67E + 02THB; 5.42E + 01 to 1.93E + 02 vibrio) throughout the experiment. Plankton population in control (5.8E + 03 to 6.3E + 03) was slightly increasing being significantly higher than those stocked with mussels having a decreasing trend (10-Mussels: 5.8E + 03 to 2.2E + 03; 15-Mussels: 5.9E + 03 to 1.9E + 03). The result was also supported by chlorophyll a levels with a significantly lower observation in treatments stocked with mussels than without mussel. Exposing green mussels in pond water medium having a plankton population of almost 6.0E + 03 cells− ml for 24 hours resulted in an average filtration of 239 ml h− 1 mussel− 1 when mussels were stocked at 15-mussel− 200L and at 229 ml h− 1 mussel− 1 at 10-mussel− 200L density. P. viridis demonstrated that it can significantly reduce the total heterotrophic bacteria, vibrio and plankton populations in a pond system. However, the 10-mussel− 200L density could be suggested for bioremediation application to minimize competition and accumulation of wastes from mussel’s excretion.
Covid-19 Pandemic Governance and Impact on Migration Across Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Nwekwo Tochukwu Godson , Deka Abraham , Şahoğlu Hasibe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Despite global lockdowns and restrictions on mobility, not all movements halted during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study considers the shift from global to regional institutional roles in global governance efforts while examining how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted migration flows in 34 countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We include an additional empirical analysis of four selected case studies in the region (Uganda, South Africa, the Central African Republic, and Nigeria). In a panel analysis, variations in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and other predictors were used to check migration flows and cuts at the country level. Although poverty, conflict, and climate-related disasters continue to be the leading triggers for migration in sub-Saharan Africa, we show that COVID-19 was associated with shifts in in-out-migration. The study concludes that the pandemic was an additional catalyst for migration. Additionally, separate internal and external mobility restrictions regimes introduced by states in the region due to the COVID-19 health Pandemic adversely set back the on-going integration partnership of regional economic communities in the region. Finally, rather than state-centred approaches, states, through their regional economic communities, should act as a single conduit in establishing and supporting migration and health governance policies in the region.
Evaluating the performance of the existing water supply system in Dangila town, Ethiopia
Authors: Amogne Abayneh Agumass 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

It is crucial to provide sufficient and potable water to ensure a healthy society and promote a country's development. Unfortunately, many towns in developing countries, including Dangila town, experience prolonged water shortages, leading to various socio-economic challenges for residents. This study aimed to assess the performance of Dangila town's current water supply system. To achieve this objective, different secondary data were collected from various sources. The average per capita water consumption was 15.78 l/day, which did not meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) standards. The estimated average water supply coverage was 46.37%, failing to meet the MDG target and the SDG. Non-revenue water ranged from 1.81 to 92.95%, with an average of 36.81%, exceeding the maximum limit set by the World Bank. This research also discovered that if non-revenue water is well managed, 267,192 people could be supplied, assuming a per capita demand of 50 l/day. Therefore, this research concluded that the water supply system did not meet the minimum national and international water supply standards, indicating its poor performance. Thus, it is crucial to implement continuous, well-planned, and organized maintenance, operation, monitoring, service management, and scientific loss control, along with water source development.
Performance evaluation of the amperometric total residual oxidant sensor with the electrochlorination-based Ballast Water Management System
Authors: Li Xunzhou , Song Jinjin , Xu Fengqi , Li Ying , Wang Tingyong , Wang Zhilei , Liu Wei , Li Chao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, performance studies on the amperometric total residual oxidant (TRO) sensor are only in the bench test stage and have not been conducted under specific maritime conditions with Ballast Water Management System (BWMS). In this study, the application of the amperometric TRO sensor in land-based biological efficacy (BE) testing, operation and maintenance (O&M) testing, as well as shipboard (SB) testing, was explored by comparing with the existing di-phenylene-diamine (DPD) TRO sensor. The results showed that the average TRO measurement deviation between the amperometric sensor and the DPD sensor was within ±10% in valid BE test cycles and the O&M testing exceeding 47 operating hours. The TRO value measured by amperometric sensor exhibited significant fluctuations, but the improved control logic could achieve smoothing out the fluctuation, with stability comparable to or even higher than that of the DPD sensor. The practicality and reliability of the amperometric sensor in electrochlorination-based BWMS were further verified through SB testing.
A Therapeutic Approach of Chitosan-loaded p-Coumaric Acid Nanoparticles to Alleviate Diabetic Nephropathy in Wister Rats
Authors: Venkatesan Amalan , J Gitanjali , Kulandaivel Srinivasan , Ramajayam Asokan Balakrishnan , Madhavan Sankar , Natesan Vijayakumar , Kim Sung-Jin 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This study evaluated the renoprotective effects of p-Coumaric acid
nanoparticles (PCNPs) in nephropathic rats.

Methods:
Six groups of male Albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned. Group 1 was the control,
while Group 2 received 45 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetic nephropathy.
Groups 3, 4, and 5 received STZ (45 mg/kg) along with PCNPs at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg,
respectively. Group 6 received 80 mg/kg of PCNPs without STZ. Body weight, blood glucose,
insulin, hemoglobin (Hb), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured. Blood
urea, serum creatinine, kidney antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxidation levels were also analyzed.
Histological and immunohistochemical studies of kidney tissues were performed.

Results:
PCNPs (80 mg/kg) significantly reduced serum glucose, creatinine, and urea levels
while increasing insulin levels and antioxidant activity in the kidneys. Histological analysis revealed
that nephropathic rats exhibited cellular damage, including shrinkage of Bowman’s capsule
and lesions in the kidneys, along with degeneration in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
PCNPs treatment restored these morphological alterations in the pancreas, liver, and kidneys
to near-normal. Furthermore, nephropathic rats had elevated IL-6 and TNF-α expression in
the renal tubules and glomeruli, which was reduced following PCNPs treatment.

Conclusion:
The findings suggest that PCNPs exhibit antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, antiglycation,
and renoprotective effects in STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy.

conclusion:
Therefore, experimental data from our study suggests that PCNPs may have potential antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-glycation, and renoprotective effects against STZ-induced DN.
Renal Impairment Caused by Statins in Rats Can Be Restored by Thymoquinone
Authors: Hassan Sherif S. , Thomann Charity , Amin Shaimaa , Youakim Magdy , El-Shaarawy Ehab A. A. , Ibrahim Sara Shawky 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Atorvastatin (ATO) is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used to lower blood
cholesterol, but it causes renal injury in high doses. Thymoquinone (TQ), is a natural antioxidant that
has been shown to protect the kidney through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, & antiapoptotic,
effects.

Objective:
The current study aimed to investigate whether posttreatment TQ could reverse ATOinduced
renal injury, and the possible mechanism of action by which TQ produced such an effect.

Methods:
Forty adult male rats were divided into 4 groups: (control; TQ-treated; ATO-treated; ATO
plus TQ-treated). Blood and kidney tissue samples were tested for kidney functions, oxidative stress
and apoptosis markers, and morphometric analyses of the histopathological and ultrastructural evaluations.
Statistical analyses were done using JASP, Shapiro-Wilk, and Levene’s test. ANOVA and
Kruskal-Wallis tests were done to determine differences between groups. The significance level was
set at p<.05.

Results:
The ATO-treated group showed abnormal outcome measures including kidney functions,
oxidative stress and apoptotic markers, and morphometric analyses of the histopathological and ultrastructural
findings. Post-treatment TQ improved all outcome measures.

Conclusion:
Posttreatment TQ could reverse oxidative stress-induced renal injury produced by highdose
ATO, suggesting a potential clinical application in patients with renal insufficiency with hypercholesterolemia.
Cyanamide-Based Cyclization Reactions for Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles Synthesis
Authors: Wu Yu-Xin , Liu Cheng-Liang , Yan Qian , Chen Si-Han , Kuang Zi-Rui , Liu Han-Wen , Li Jiang-Sheng , Li Zhi-Wei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Nitrogen-containing heterocycles, such as indoles and quinolines, serve as the key scaffolds in numerous pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and natural products. The synthesis methods of nitrogen-containing heterocycles show significant scientific and industrial value. As a chemical intermediate featuring dual functional groups, cyanamide plays a crucial role in organic synthesis, directly affecting the development of new drugs and the design of new materials. Particularly in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, the cyano group can introduce vari-ous groups through radical pathways to synthesize polycyclic N-heterocyclic frameworks, as well as yielding a variety of nitrogen-containing heterocycles through non-radical pathways. This di-verse reaction pathway makes the application of cyanamide in chemical synthesis more extensive and flexible. The progress involving cyanamide in the synthesis of quinazoline and quinazoli-none, γ-lactams, and other nitrogen-containing heterocyclic frameworks is summarized. The main mechanisms and reaction strategies are emphasized and explicated from the perspective of radical and non-radical synthetic pathways, revealing the potential application value of these compounds in different fields. This review paves the way for the synthesis of various nitrogen-containing het-erocyclic compounds, particularly in achieving green chemistry and sustainable development goals. These new methods and ideas are expected to promote the development of more efficient and economical synthesis strategies in the future, thereby advancing the widespread application of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds in pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and new materials.
Self-esteem, Self-objectification, Appearance Anxiety, Resilience, and Gender: Testing a Moderated Mediational Analysis
Authors: Behera Naresh , Khuntia Sipra 
Published: January 2025

Background
Appearance anxiety has been associated with difficulties in establishing social relationships and an increased vulnerability to various psychological illnesses such as eating disorders, depression, and social anxiety. However, only a few studies have examined influencing factors of appearance anxiety, especially risk and protective factors associated with appearance anxiety, which is still lacking.

Objective
This study investigated the mediating role of self-objectification in the relationship between self-esteem and appearance anxiety and the moderating role of resilience and gender.

Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 437 university students (203 females and 234 males) aged 18–24 years (Mage = 21.89, SD = 1.59). The data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed through bivariate correlations, mediational analysis, and moderated mediational analysis.

Results
Results revealed that higher self-esteem negatively predicted self-objectification and appearance anxiety, while self-objectification significantly mediated the relationship between self-esteem and appearance anxiety. Moderated analysis revealed that resilience was a significant moderator, and the direct effect of self-esteem on appearance anxiety was moderated in both men and women. Moreover, the moderated mediational analysis also suggested that higher than mean levels of resilience significantly moderated the relationship between self-esteem and appearance anxiety via self-objectification.

Conclusion
The study has practical and theoretical contributions to resilience, self-objectification, and appearance anxiety. It concluded that the negative effects of appearance anxiety and self-objectification on mental health may be reduced by increasing self-esteem and resilience.
Optimum Design and Dynamics Analysis of Intelligent Prosthetic Knee Joint
Authors: Liu Xuhui , Qi Jing , Xu Bin , Wan Bin , He Xingyu , Zhou Zheng 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The intelligent prosthetic knee joint is an essential rehabilitation device for
amputee patients to recover from mobility disorders. It must ensure excellent performance when installed
on the human body. However, issues such as excessive energy consumption and poor stability
during walking are challenges in the design of such prosthetic devices.

Objective:
To address the issues of wasteful energy expenditure and instability in intelligent prosthetic
knee joints during walking, an optimized model of a double rocker prosthetic knee joint
mechanism was established with the minimum peak driving torque of the active rod as the optimization
goal.

Methods:
The optimal model was established with the minimum peak driving moment of the prosthetic
knee joint mechanism as the optimization objective. Under the constraint conditions of performance
and structure, the model was optimized by the composite method, and the optimal structural
parameters of the prosthetic knee joint mechanism were obtained. Then, according to the trajectory
of the instantaneous rotation center of the knee joint, the double rocker mechanism is optimized
so that the prosthesis can better simulate the movement trajectory of normal people. Finally,
according to the designed virtual prototype model, a physical prototype of the intelligent prosthetic
knee joint test platform is built, the knee joint Angle data is collected, and the collected data is analyzed
accordingly.

Results:
ADAMS software was used to simulate the virtual motion of the optimized model. The results
showed that the optimized intelligent prosthetic knee joint mechanism has excellent bionic
performance. Its peak driving torque is reduced by 40% and the range of driving torque is reduced
by 36%, significantly improving the stability and endurance of the intelligent prosthetic knee joint.
Through the experimental test of an intelligent prosthetic knee joint, it is verified that the optimized
intelligent prosthetic knee joint meets the normal needs of the human body.

Conclusion:
The results confirm that the optimized prosthetic knee joint mechanism exhibits excellent
bionic performance, and the reduction in driving torque enhances its stability and energy efficiency,
validating the correctness and rationality of the proposed optimization model.
The Effect of Fundamental Factors on The Stock Prices of Digital Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Ananta Damar , Wulandari Pangestuty Farah 
Published: January 2025

The share price of Indonesia's digital banks declined and even stagnated in 2023 because their fundamentals were not as competitive as those of large banking companies. Investors eventually chose to sell these shares and prefer to invest in companies with more attractive fundamentals. The purpose of this research is to study how return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), earning per share (EPS), price book value (PBV), and debt equity ratio (DER) impact the stock prices of several digital bank companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2021 to 2023. This study uses a quantitative approach and panel data regression analysis as the analysis method used in this study. The results of the analysis show that return on assets and debt equity ratio have no influence and are significant to the stock price of digital banks, while earning per share, and price book value have a positive and significant influence on the stock price of digital banks. In addition, the variable return on equity has no influence and is insignificant to the stock price of digital banks. All variables used in this study have a simultaneous influence on the share price of digital banks.

Abstrak
Harga saham bank digital Indonesia mengalami penurunan bahkan stagnan pada tahun 2023 karena fundamentalnya yang tidak kompetitif dibandingkan perusahaan perbankan besar. Investor akhirnya memilih menjual saham tersebut dan lebih memilih berinvestasi pada perusahaan yang fundamentalnya lebih menarik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari bagaimana return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), earnings per share (EPS), price book value (PBV), dan debt equity ratio (DER) berdampak terhadap harga saham beberapa perusahaan. perusahaan bank digital yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2021 hingga 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan analisis regresi data panel sebagai metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Return on Assets dan Debt Equity Ratio tidak mempunyai pengaruh dan signifikan terhadap harga saham bank digital, sedangkan Earning Per Share dan Price Book Value mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham bank digital. Selain itu, variabel return on equity tidak mempunyai pengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap harga saham bank digital. Seluruh variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mempunyai pengaruh secara simultan terhadap harga saham bank digital.
Factors Influencing Generation Z's Intention to Invest in The Capital Market
Authors: Muhammad Klana  , Muttaqin Aminnullah Achmad 
Published: January 2025

The increase in the number of capital market investors from year to year is dominated by generation Z. The number of generation Z is more than 50% of the total number of capital market investors. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the interest of generation Z in Malang City in investing in the capital market. This research is an exploratory quantitative research with survey method through online questionnaire then using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for data analysis. The results showed that there are 6 (six) factors that cause students' interest in investing in the capital market, including social media influence factors, investment motivation factors, investment capital factors, investment convenience factors, investment risk factors, and investment return factors. The six factors as a whole have variance that can explain the factors that cause generation Z's interest in Malang City to invest in the Capital Market with a total variance of 67.066%. While the remaining 32.934% is caused by other variables not included in the study.

Abstrak
Peningkatan jumlah investor pasar modal dari tahun ke tahun didominasi oleh generasi Z. Jumlah generasi Z lebih dari 50% dari total jumlah investor pasar modal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat generasi Z di Kota Malang dalam berinvestasi di pasar modal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif eksploratori dengan metode survei melalui kuesioner online kemudian menggunakan Eksploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) untuk analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 6 (enam) faktor yang menyebabkan minat mahasiswa dalam berinvestasi di pasar modal meliputi faktor pengaruh media sosial, faktor motivasi investasi, faktor modal investasi, faktor kemudahan investasi, faktor risiko investasi, dan faktor return investasi. Keenam faktor tersebut secara keseluruhan mempunyai variansi yang dapat menjelaskan faktor-faktor penyebab minat generasi Z di Kota Malang untuk berinvestasi di Pasar Modal dengan total variansi 67,066%. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 32,934% disebabkan oleh variabel lain yang tidak termasuk dalam penelitian.
Analisis Kualitas Butir Soal Penilaian Harian Bersama I Fisika Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Patikraja
Authors: Azizah Isma , Supahar Supahar 
Published: January 2025

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kualitas butir soal Penilaian Harian Bersama I Fisika Kelas X SMAN 1 Patikraja ditinjau dari validitas, reliabilitas, daya pembeda, tingkat kesukaran, dan efektivitas distraktor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan subjek peserta didik kelas X MIPA SMAN 1 Patikraja. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa metode dokumentasi dan dianalisis menggunakan program Quest. Hasil dari penelitian: 1) Berdasarkan validitas, sebesar 90% (18 soal) valid sebesar 10% (dua soal) tidak valid; 2) Berdasarkan reliabilitas, soal sangat reliabel karena memiliki reliabilitas sebesar 0,98; 3) Berdasarkan daya pembeda, sebesar 60% (12 soal) memiliki daya pembeda sangat baik, sebesar 25% (lima soal) memiliki daya pembeda baik, sebesar 15% (tiga soal) memerlukan revisi; 4) Berdasarkan tingkat kesukaran, sebesar 30% (enam soal) termasuk soal sukar, sebesar 40% (delapan soal) termasuk soal sedang, sebesar 25% (lima soal) termasuk soal mudah, sebesar 5% (satu soal) termasuk soal sangat mudah; 5) Berdasarkan efektivitas distraktor, sebesar 50% (10 soal) sangat baik, sebesar 10% (dua soal) baik, sebesar 5% (satu soal) cukup baik, sebesar 15% (tiga soal) kurang baik, sebesar 20% (empat soal) tidak baik; 6) Berdasarkan analisis butir soal, sebesar 45% (sembilan soal) berkualitas sangat baik, sebesar 15% (tiga soal) berkualitas baik, sebesar 40% (delapan soal) berkualitas sedang. Kata Kunci: Kualitas butis soal, analisis butir soal, Fisika, SMAN 1 Patikraja