bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying characteristics of adolescents with persistent loneliness during COVID‐19: A multi‐country eight‐wave longitudinal study
Authors: Riddleston Laura , Shukla Meenakshi , Lavi Iris , Saglio Eloise , Fuhrmann Delia , Pandey Rakesh , Singh Tushar , Qualter Pamela , Lau Jennifer Y. F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundElevated loneliness experiences characterise young people. While loneliness at this developmental juncture may emerge from age‐typical upheaval in social relationships, there is little data on the extent to which young people experience high and persistent levels of loneliness, and importantly, who is most vulnerable to these experiences. Using the widespread social restrictions associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic, which precipitated loneliness in many, we aimed to examine adolescents' loneliness profiles across time and the demographic predictors (age, sex, and country) of more severe trajectories.MethodsParticipants aged 12–18 years, recruited into a multi‐wave study (N = 1039) across three sites (UK, Israel, and India) completed a 3‐item loneliness measure fortnightly across 8 timepoints during the pandemic.ResultsLatent class growth analysis suggested 5 distinct trajectories: (1) low stable (33%), (2) low increasing (19%), (3) moderate decreasing (17%), (4) moderate stable (23%), and (5) high increasing (8%). Females and older adolescents were more likely to experience persistently high loneliness.ConclusionsThese findings indicate a need for interventions to reduce loneliness in adolescents as we emerge from the pandemic, particularly for those groups identified as being at highest risk.
Evolution of local misorientations in the γ/γ’‐microstructure of single crystal superalloys during creep studied with the rotation vector baseline (RVB) EBSD method
Authors: Gamanov Stepan , Dlouhy A. , Bürger D. , Eggeler G. , Thome P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present work uses the rotation vector baseline electron back scatter orientation imaging method (RVB‐EBSD) to study the evolution of small misorientations between the γ‐ and γ′‐phase in Ni‐base single crystal superalloys (SXs) during creep. For this purpose, two material states of the SX ERBO1 (CMSX4 type) were characterized after creep deformation at 850°C and 600 MPa to final strains of 1% and 2%. Obtaining reliable phase boundary misorientation (PBM), kernel average misorientation (KAM) and orientation spread (OS) data represents a challenge for electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), not only because the method operates at its limits of lateral and angular resolution, but also because it is difficult to differentiate between the two phases merely based on Kikuchi diffraction. The two phases differ in chemical composition which gives rise to different EBSD background intensities. These can be exploited to differentiate between the two phases. In the present work, crystallographic and chemical information are combined to demonstrate that orientation imaging can be used to document the formation of dislocation networks at γ/γ′‐interfaces and the filling of γ‐channels by dislocations. These findings are in good agreement with reference results from diffraction contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy. It is also shown that misorientations evolve between small groups of equally oriented γ/γ′‐neighborhoods, on a size scale above characteristic γ/γ′‐dimensions (>0.5 μm) and below distances associated with dendritic mosaicity (<200 μm). The methodological aspects as well as the new material specific results are discussed in the light of previous work published in the literature.Research Highlights
Microstructure evolution during [001] tensile creep of Ni‐based single‐crystalline alloy.
Application of RVB‐EBSD technique, focused on angular misorientations between γ/γ′ phases, with accuracy of 0.01°.
Separation of γ/γ′ phases using experimental post‐processing of raw EBSD data.
Voices of fear and uncertainty: Exploring the employment struggles of female DACA recipients
Authors: Zarate Jose , Amezcua Adrian , Ramos Anabell O. , Linares Janette , Seals Bobby , Farley Zachary S. , Sanchez Andrea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis qualitative study explores the employment experiences of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) recipients in the United States during the Trump administration and the COVID‐19 pandemic. Through in‐depth interviews with nine female DACA recipients, this study examines the ways in which the Trump administration and COVID‐19 impacted the employment and sense of security of DACA recipients. The findings suggest that the uncertainty surrounding the future of the DACA program and delayed renewals for DACA recipients work authorizations had significant implications for their employment and livelihood. These findings provide important implications for counselors, future research, and advocacy.
Pharmacists in Australian general practice: Discussion of the findings of an evaluation from 2016 to 2021
Authors: Deeks Louise S. , Naunton Mark , Peterson Gregory M. , Sudeshika Thilini , Freeman Christopher , Sharma Ravi , Leavens Stacy , Kosari Sam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPharmacists embedded in general practice can improve medicines optimisation and patient safety, but Australia has been slower to adopt and fund this model than other comparable countries. Over the last decade there have been various local programs integrating pharmacists in general practice across Australia. This article summarises the results of an evaluation in Canberra from 2016–2021. Pharmacists predominantly conducted clinical activities, including medication reviews and clinical audits. General practitioner (GP) acceptance and implementation of medication review recommendations was high (75%). General practice pharmacists were able to achieve positive clinical outcomes in asthma and smoking cessation. Surveys and interviews identified that the general practice pharmacist role was welcomed by patients, GPs, and other healthcare professionals. Patient satisfaction was very high, with patients supporting the expansion of this pharmacy service. Collaboration between the pharmacists and other healthcare professionals was high. Some pharmacists left employment in general practice after less than a year. Introducing a clear job description could be beneficial in retaining pharmacists, improving trust and working relationships, and enhancing collaboration. The majority of clinical activities conducted by the pharmacists had the potential to improve patient care and decrease healthcare costs. Apart from healthcare savings, benefit–cost ratios of income generated and costs reduced by pharmacists when compared to salaries suggested that pharmacists may be cost‐beneficial in some scenarios. Absence of funding for this model of care remains a barrier to wider adoption in Australia and needs addressing. This study was approved by the University of Canberra Human Research Ethics Committee (Project number: 15–235) and funded under the Primary Health Network Program (Grant number: 25097479).
Novel techniques for the mass production of nutritionally improved, fungus‐treated lignocellulosic biomass for ruminant nutrition
Authors: Sufyan Abubakar , Khan Nazir Ahmad , AbuGhazaleh Amer , Ahmad Nazir , Tang Shaoxun , Tan Zhiliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDLaboratory‐scale experiments have shown that treatment with selective lignin‐degrading white‐rot fungi improves the nutritional value and ruminal degradability of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB). However, the lack of effective field‐applicable pasteurization methods has long been recognized as a major obstacle for scaling up the technique for fungal treatment of large quantities of LCB for animal feeding. In this study, wheat straw (an LCB substrate) was subjected to four field‐applicable pasteurization methods – hot‐water, formaldehyde fumigation, steam, and hydrated lime – and cultured with Pleurotus ostreatus grain spawn for 10, 20, and 30 days under solid‐state fermentation. Samples of untreated, pasteurized but non‐inoculated and fungus‐treated straws were analyzed for chemical composition, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), in vitro total gas (IVGP), methane (CH4), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production.RESULTSDuring the 30‐day fungal treatment, steam and lime pasteurized straws had the greatest loss of lignin, resulting in marked improvements in crude protein (CP), IVDMD, IVGP, and total VFAs. Irrespective of the pasteurization method, the increase in IVDMD during fungal treatment was linearly (R2 = 0.77–0.92) related to lignin‐loss in the substrate during fungal treatment. The CH4 production of the fungus‐treated straw was not affected by the pasteurization methods. Aflatoxin B1 was within the safe level (<5 μg kg−1) in all pasteurized, fungus treated straws.CONCLUSIONSteam and lime were promising field‐applicable pasteurization techniques to produce nutritionally improved fungus‐treated wheat straw to feed ruminants. Lime pasteurization was more economical and did not require expensive energy inputs. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Fabrication and Characterizations of Superhydrophobic Surface with Superior Corrosion Inhibition on Q345b Steel Substrate
Authors: Zhang Xuehua , Tu Xiaoyu , Zhou Li , Hu Fangren 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work, a coherent and cost‐effective method is developed to achieve superhydrophobicity and excellent corrosion resistance on Q345B steel surfaces. The method involves sequential etching with hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, passivation with potassium permanganate, treatment with bis‐(γ‐triethoxysilylpropyl)‐tetrasulfide (KHSi69，BT), and modification with hydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticles. The effects of etching and passivation time, including SiO2 doping ratio on the wettability and corrosion resistance of the prepared surfaces are investigated. The results demonstrate that the surface exhibits a micro–nano multilayer and modified nano‐multiscale cluster structure which has a contact angle (CA) of 155.8 ± 1.7° and a sliding angle (SA) of 5 ± 0.5° by employing the following conditions: hydrochloric acid etching time of 10 min, hydrofluoric acid etching time of 25 min, passivation time of 300 min, and a 3 wt% SiO2 doping ratio. Moreover, the surface displays extremely weak droplet adhesion and excellent self‐cleaning properties. Furthermore, the corrosion inhibition of the prepared steel surface is evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicate that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the superhydrophobic surface is enhanced by about 89.95% compared to the traditional two‐step processing involving etching and modification. These findings expand the potential applications of steel.
The bittersweet of consumer–human brand relationships in the social media context
Authors: Honora Andreawan , Memar Zadeh Maryam , Haggerty Nicole 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe current research proposes an integrated model to investigate both the bright and the dark sides of consumer–human brand relationships facilitated by social media on consumers' lives. Grounded in the duality of social media and self‐regulation theory, the findings show that human brand attachment improves consumers' daily performance through stress relief, which in turn increases life satisfaction (Study 1). However, the findings also indicate that human brand attachment can cause consumers' daily performance to deteriorate as a result of compulsive human brand consumption on social media and human brand‐personal conflict, which diminishes life satisfaction (Study 2). Collectively, the findings may suggest that strong consumer–human brand relationships tend to be detrimental to consumers' well‐being as the indirect negative impact of human brand attachment on daily performance and life satisfaction overpowers its indirect positive impact (Study 3). Such detrimental effects are moderated by self‐regulatory focus (Study 4). Moreover, the findings indicate that the indirect negative effect of human brand attachment is attenuated when consumers have a higher level of work/study–life balance. Accordingly, the current research advances the theoretical understanding of the consumer–human brand relationship facilitated by social media, by highlighting its dual effects associated with the nature of technology and consumers' self‐regulatory focuses.
DTI‐MR fingerprinting for rapid high‐resolution whole‐brain T1, T2, proton density, ADC, and fractional anisotropy mapping
Authors: Cao Xiaozhi , Liao Congyu , Zhou Zihan , Zhong Zheng , Li Zhitao , Dai Erpeng , Iyer Siddharth Srinivasan , Hannum Ariel J. , Yurt Mahmut , Schauman Sophie , Chen Quan , Wang Nan , Wei Jintao , Yan Yifan , He Hongjian , Skare Stefan , Zhong Jianhui , Kerr Adam , Setsompop Kawin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to develop a high‐efficiency and high‐resolution 3D imaging approach for simultaneous mapping of multiple key tissue parameters for routine brain imaging, including T1, T2, proton density (PD), ADC, and fractional anisotropy (FA). The proposed method is intended for pushing routine clinical brain imaging from weighted imaging to quantitative imaging and can also be particularly useful for diffusion‐relaxometry studies, which typically suffer from lengthy acquisition time.MethodsTo address challenges associated with diffusion weighting, such as shot‐to‐shot phase variation and low SNR, we integrated several innovative data acquisition and reconstruction techniques. Specifically, we used M1‐compensated diffusion gradients, cardiac gating, and navigators to mitigate phase variations caused by cardiac motion. We also introduced a data‐driven pre‐pulse gradient to cancel out eddy currents induced by diffusion gradients. Additionally, to enhance image quality within a limited acquisition time, we proposed a data‐sharing joint reconstruction approach coupled with a corresponding sequence design.ResultsThe phantom and in vivo studies indicated that the T1 and T2 values measured by the proposed method are consistent with a conventional MR fingerprinting sequence and the diffusion results (including diffusivity, ADC, and FA) are consistent with the spin‐echo EPI DWI sequence.ConclusionThe proposed method can achieve whole‐brain T1, T2, diffusivity, ADC, and FA maps at 1‐mm isotropic resolution within 10 min, providing a powerful tool for investigating the microstructural properties of brain tissue, with potential applications in clinical and research settings.
The relationship between green innovation and sustainable growth in Korean companies: Moderated mediation effect of ESG score by industry
Authors: Lee Mi Sook 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSustainable development of companies is emphasized by many asset management companies around the world as an investment decision criterion. So, the most important issue in business management is Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG). But, criticism of ESG has been raised and some studies have found the impact of green innovation and ESG on financial performance to be inconclusive or inconsistent. At this point, this study reviewed ESG‐related researches and examined the relationship between green innovation, ESG, and sustainable growth. By analyzing the mediating effect of ESG score, this study examined whether investment for green innovation directly affects corporate sustainable growth or indirectly affects it through ESG score, an external evaluation. In addition, a moderating variable was added to see if this relationship varies by industry. For this research purpose, the moderated mediation effect analysis using PROCESS macro was conducted in‐depth. Companies received ESG evaluation by Korea Corporate Governance Service were selected as a sample. The results of this study will provide many implications for companies that are driving ESG.
Palladium nanoparticles on polydimethylsiloxane film for C−C coupling reactions, and catalytic reduction of organic pollutants in water
Authors: Majhi Shukla , Singh Renuka , Sharma Keshav , Pati Tripathi Chandra Shekhar , Guin Debanjan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we present a novel method for immobilizing Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) onto a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) support (Pd NPs@PDMS). To enhance the stability of Pd NPs on the PDMS surface, we functionalized a PDMS thin film with amine groups. The structure and morphology of the resulting Pd NPs@PDMS material were characterized using various techniques, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. Furthermore, we investigated the catalytic performance of the Pd NPs@PDMS nanocatalyst for the reduction of well‐known environmental pollutants, such as 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP), 2‐nitrophenol (2‐NP), 4‐nitroaniline (4‐NA), Methyl Orange (MO), Methylene Blue (MB), and Congo Red (CR), in the presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) at room temperature (RT). Additionally, we explored the application of the prepared nanocatalyst in carbon‐carbon (C−C) coupling reactions, specifically Suzuki Miyaura and Sonogashira reactions. The results obtained in this study demonstrated the high efficiency and environmentally friendly nature of Pd NPs@PDMS as a catalyst for both C−C coupling reactions and the degradation of organic pollutants.
Pseudocapacitance‐Induced Synaptic Plasticity of Tribo‐Phototronic Effect Between Ionic Liquid and 2D MoS2
Authors: Ahmadi Ribwar , Abnavi Amin , Hasani Amirhossein , Ghanbari Hamidreza , Mohammadzadeh Mohammad Reza , Fawzy Mirette , Kabir Fahmid , Adachi Michael M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractContact‐induced electrification, commonly referred to as triboelectrification, is the subject of extensive investigation at liquid–solid interfaces due to its wide range of applications in electrochemistry, energy harvesting, and sensors. This study examines the triboelectric between an ionic liquid and 2D MoS2 under light illumination. Notably, when a liquid droplet slides across the MoS2 surface, an increase in the generated current and voltage is observed in the forward direction, while a decrease is observed in the reverse direction. This suggests a memory‐like tribo‐phototronic effect between ionic liquid and 2D MoS2. The underlying mechanism behind this tribo‐phototronic synaptic plasticity is proposed to be ion adsorption/desorption processes resulting from pseudocapacitive deionization/ionization at the liquid–MoS2 interface. This explanation is supported by the equivalent electrical circuit modeling, contact angle measurements, and electronic band diagrams. Furthermore, the influence of various factors such as velocity, step size, light wavelength and intensity, ion concentration, and bias voltage is thoroughly investigated. The artificial synaptic plasticity arising from this phenomenon exhibits significant synaptic features, including potentiation/inhibition, paired‐pulse facilitation/depression, and short‐term memory (STM) to long‐term memory (LTM) transition. This research opens up promising avenues for the development of synaptic memory systems and intelligent sensing applications based on liquid–solid interfaces.
Liquid Crystal Electrolyte with Lamellar Ionic Channels for All‐In‐One Gel Flexible Supercapacitor
Authors: Wu Wenna , Chu Yiran , Zhang Tao , He Tao , Hao Jingcheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLiquid crystalline hydrogels with nanoscale order are an attractive soft material to transport ions or electrons with high efficiency. By employing noncovalent interactions between amphiphiles and solvents, defined anisotropic ordered structures can assemble that serve as interior transmissible channels. Herein, the phase behaviors of a polymerizable amphiphile of 1‐vinyl‐3‐alkylimidazolium bromide (VCnIMBr, n = 12, 14, 16) are investigated at different concentrations in a deep eutectic solvent. The aggregation such as micelle, hexagonal, and lamellar liquid crystal phase is created. Through in‐phase polymerization, the lamellar structures within an an isotropic liquid crystal can be well solidified to obtain a conductive gel electrolyte. A sandwich‐structured all‐in‐one gel flexible supercapacitor is then built with this specific gel electrolyte. With greatly increased adhesion and minimized interfacial resistance between electrode and electrolyte, the approach will be able to create energy‐storage devices with anisotropic ionic and electronic charge transportations envisioned for various electrochemical applications.
Mo‐Doped Mesoporous RuO2 Spheres as High‐Performance Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalyst
Authors: Zhang Yixin , Dong Jing , Sun Tingting , Zhang Xiaohan , Chen Jianfeng , Xu Lianbin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe development of highly active and acid‐stable electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great significance for water electrolysis technology. Herein, a highly efficient molybdenum‐doped mesoporous ruthenium dioxide sphere (Mo‐RuO2) catalyst is fabricated by a facile impregnation and post‐calcination method using mesoporous carbon spheres to template the mesostructure. The optimal Mo0.15‐RuO2 catalyst with Mo doping amount of 15 mol.% exhibits a significantly low overpotential of 147 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a small Tafel slope of 38 mV decade−1, and enhanced electrochemical stability in acidic electrolyte, far superior to the commercial RuO2 catalyst. The experimental results and theoretical analysis reveal that the remarkable electrocatalytic performance can be attributed to the large surface area of the mesoporous spherical structure, the structural robustness of the interconnected mesoporous framework, and the change in the electronic structure of Ru active sites induced by Mo doping. These excellent advantages make Mo‐doped mesoporous RuO2 spheres a promising catalyst for highly efficient electrocatalytic OER in acidic media.
The prevalence, risks, and detection of driving under the influence of nitrous oxide
Authors: Vinckenbosch Frederick R. J. , Durán Jiménez Dinesh , Helmerhorst Hendrik , Dahan Albert , Aarts Leon , Bikker Floris , Theunissen Eef , Ramaekers Johannes G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O), colloquially known as laughing gas, is a common recreational drug of abuse. The gas is inhaled in its undiluted form from a party balloon. Its intoxicating effects are described as dissociative and euphoric, accompanied by ataxia, hypoxia, and attenuated consciousness. Therefore, the recreational use of N2O appears irreconcilable with operating a vehicle in road traffic. However, the Netherlands, one of the leading countries regarding prevalence of recreational N2O use, has seen a sharp increase in police reports of N2O‐related traffic incidents since 2016. Road traffic deaths associated with recreational N2O use have also been reported in the United Kingdom, as well as a recent increase in traffic incidents. Hence, driving under the influence of nitrous oxide (DUINO) is possibly an underreported threat to road traffic safety. Based on the limited information available at this time, the current review considers the prevalence of DUINO, its effects driving performance, and approaches to road‐side detection. It is concluded that DUINO is a potentially significant threat to road traffic safety. Although its prevalence is unclear, it is almost certain that DUINO is accompanied by severe driving impairment, based on its pharmacodynamics and documented cognitive and psychomotor effects in medical studies. The pharmacokinetic profile of N2O lends credibility to the notion that recent use can be demonstrated in breath, blood, and saliva. However, the analytical complexities of such measurements warrant elaborate research into N2O detection techniques.This article is categorized under:
Toxicology > Drug‐Impaired Driving