bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating temporal turnover in avian species richness in a Mediterranean semiarid region: Different responses to elevation and forest cover
Authors: Jiménez‐Franco María V. , Kéry Marc , León‐Ortega Mario , Martínez‐Ródenas Jacinto , Robledano Francisco , Esteve Miguel A. , Calvo José F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimWhen studying the effects of global change on biodiversity, it is far more common for the effects of climate change and land‐use changes to be assessed separately rather than jointly. However, the effects of land‐use changes in recent decades on species richness in areas affected by climate change have been less studied. We assess the temporal turnover in species richness of an avian community between a historical period and a modern one as a consequence of global change.LocationSemiarid Mediterranean ecosystem (southeastern Spain).MethodWe fitted a hierarchical multispecies occupancy model for each period (1991–1992, and 2012–2017), obtaining avian species‐specific estimates of occupancy probability in relation to environmental covariates (elevation and forest cover). We analyse the relationships between changes in the bird community and environmental variables, analysing the temporal turnover of the species richness and the richness‐based species‐exchange ratio.ResultsThe estimated species richness accounting for detectability was higher than observed species richness, and decreased in the more recent period. Following our hypotheses, we observed a dual pattern of species richness increase associated with different elevations, showing different species turnover rates due to the joint effects of climate change and land‐use change. There is a trend towards greater species richness with higher elevations that is associated with climate change, where the species turnover rate is low. Also, species richness increased towards lower elevations, but with a high turnover rate. The latter can be due to species expansions throughout new habitat configurations in bordering forest systems associated with anthropic land‐use changes.ConclusionsOur study is of great interest to understand the temporal turnover of avian species richness associated with areas experiencing both climate and land‐use change.
Should people with type 2 diabetes treated by multiple daily insulin injections with home health care support be switched to hybrid closed‐loop? The CLOSE AP+ randomized controlled trial
Authors: Reznik Yves , Carvalho Martin , Fendri Salha , Prevost Gaetan , Chaillous Lucy , Riveline Jean Pierre , Hanaire Hélène , Dubois Séverine , Houéto Patrick , Pasche Hélène , Mianowska Beata , Renard Eric 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe study aim was to evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of automated insulin delivery (AID) assisted by home health care (HHC) services in people with type 2 diabetes unable to manage multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) at home on their own.Patients and MethodsThis was an open label, multicentre, randomized, parallel group trial. In total, 30 adults with type 2 diabetes using MDI and requiring nursing support were randomly allocated to AID or kept their usual therapy over a 12‐week period. Both treatments were managed with the support of HHC services. The primary outcome was the percentage time in the target glucose range of 70‐180 mg/dl (TIR). Secondary outcomes included other continuous glucose monitoring metrics, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, daily insulin doses, body weight, and of quality of life scores, fear of hypoglycaemia and satisfaction questionnaires.ResultsAge (69.7 vs. 69.3 years) and HbA1c (9.25 vs. 9.0) did not differ in MDI and AID at baseline. Compared with MDI, AID resulted in a significant increase in TIR by 27.4% [95% CI (15.0‐39.8); p < .001], a decrease in time above range by 27.7% and an unchanged time below range of <1%. A between‐group difference in HbA1c was 1.3% favouring AID. Neither severe hypoglycaemia nor ketoacidosis occurred in either group. Patient and caregiver satisfaction with AID was high.ConclusionsAID combined with tailored HHC services significantly improved glycaemic control with no safety issues in people with type 2 diabetes previously under an MDI regimen with HHC. AID should be considered a safe option in these people when lacking acceptable glucose control.
Complete and incomplete bridge type double‐orifice mitral valve: Diagnosis and characterization with three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Sharkey Aidan , Bose Ruma R. , Rehman Taha A. , Khan Adnan Ali , Saeed Shirin , Mahmood Feroze 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDouble orifice mitral valve is a rare congenital anomaly that is often associated with other congenital cardiac abnormalities. Patients may present with valvular dysfunction or may be asymptomatic and have an incidental diagnosis of double outlet mitral valve. Whether symptoms due to this pathology are present or not it is important to accurately characterize this lesion. Three‐dimensional imaging is a powerful diagnostic modality for diagnosing and characterizing lesions such as this as highlighted in this case image series where we describe how three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography was utilized to characterize both complete and incomplete bridge type double orifice mitral valve.
Funding constraints, financial crisis, and price discovery between the futures and spot markets
Authors: Chen Yi‐Wen , Chiu Junmao , Chou Robin K. , Lin Chu‐Bin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe investigate the effect of funding constraints and the financial crisis on the pricing dynamics between the spot and futures markets. Tighter funding constraints and the presence of a financial crisis deter informed investors from utilizing their informational advantage in the futures market, reducing the leading role and information shares of futures prices. Funding constraints negatively affect the probability of informed trading and large trading in the futures markets. Our findings are in line with the recent theoretical perspective that indicates both factors significantly affect informed trading, the cross‐market process of price discovery, and financial stability.
Climate warming could free cold‐adapted trees from C‐conservative allocation strategy of storage over growth
Authors: Zhou Quan , Shi Hang , He Rui , Liu Haikun , Zhu Wenting , Wu Shengjun , Zhang Quanfa , Dang Haishan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCarbon allocation has been fundamental for long‐lived trees to survive cold stress at their upper elevation range limit. Although carbon allocation between non‐structural carbohydrate (NSC) storage and structural growth is well‐documented, it still remains unclear how ongoing climate warming influences these processes, particularly whether these two processes will shift in parallel or respond divergently to warming. Using a combination of an in situ downward‐transplant warming experiment and an ex situ chamber warming treatment, we investigated how subalpine fir trees at their upper elevation limit coordinated carbon allocation priority among different sinks (e.g., NSC storage and structural growth) at whole‐tree level in response to elevated temperature. We found that transplanted individuals from the upper elevation limit to lower elevations generally induced an increase in specific leaf area, but there was no detected evidence of warming effect on leaf‐level saturated photosynthetic rates. Additionally, our results challenged the expectation that climate warming will accelerate structural carbon accumulation while maintaining NSC constant. Instead, individuals favored allocating available carbon to NSC storage over structural growth after 1 year of warming, despite the amplification in total biomass encouraged by both in situ and ex situ experimental warming. Unexpectedly, continued warming drove a regime shift in carbon allocation priority, which was manifested in the increase of NSC storage in synchrony to structural growth enhancement. These findings imply that climate warming would release trees at their cold edge from C‐conservative allocation strategy of storage over structural growth. Thus, understanding the strategical regulation of the carbon allocation priority and the distinctive function of carbon sink components is of great implication for predicting tree fate in the future climate warming.
Multilingual development: English in a global contextby PeterSiemund. ed. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University Press. 2023. 289 pages. ISBN: 9781108844024 (hardback), 9781108926089 (paperback), 9781108915540 (epub)
Authors: Liu Ruiyong , Chen Shifa , Peng Yule 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the deepening of globalization, multilingualism has emerged as a common phenomenon, and English has gradually developed into a hub language. In this context, Peter Siemund's edited book, Multilingual Development: English in a Global Context delves profoundly into multilingual upbringing and development from an innovative perspective of English as a global lingua franca. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the book combines insights from linguistics, sociology, psychology, and education to investigate how individuals grow up in today's interconnected world and discusses various aspects that influence their language development with a focus on the pivotal role of English. Key issues such as language policy, identity, and the pedagogy of English as a second language are examined in various geographical and social settings. Logical, coherent, and accessible, the book provides valuable perspectives on multilingualism and offers nuanced insights for scholars, policymakers, and educators, which can serve as an essential reference for anyone interested in multilingual development.
Emulsion stabilising capacity of sunflower meal depending on fraction protein content and particle size
Authors: Bojanić Nemanja , Vidosavljević Strahinja , Fišteš Aleksandar , Šereš Zita , Fodor Emilija , Maravić Nikola 
Published: November 2023

SummarySunflower meal, as a high protein source, is usually utilised in animal feed, but other means of valorisation of this byproduct should be investigated in order to increase sunflower meal industrial functionality and therefore economic value. High protein content could suggest potential ability to stabilise food emulsions. Current study investigated the influence of sunflower meal protein content and particle size distribution in stabilisation of oil‐in‐water emulsions. Sunflower meal samples were characterised in terms of chemical and amino acid content and FTIR spectroscopy, while in the obtained emulsion samples creaming index, droplet size, droplet size distribution and zeta potential were determined. A relatively equal distribution of hydrophilic/hydrophobic amino acids (46% and 54%, respectively) was determined indicating a strong amphiphilic character of proteins and potentially effective emulsion‐stabilising properties. Further results suggested a positive influence of higher protein content (increasing from 16.78% to 42.56%) on lower creaming index values (lowering values from 84% to 32%, respectively). Protein content and particle size distribution strongly affected emulsion droplets sizes (ranging from 77.32 to 238.61 μm) and zeta potential values. Therefore, the evaluation of the obtained results suggested that high protein sunflower meal can be applied for the stabilisation of oil‐in‐water emulsions.
REGRESSION ANALYSIS AND THE EVALUATION OF COLOR‐DIFFERENCE METRICS
Authors: MARCUS ROBERT T. , UTTER MERLIN L. , WILKINSON JOHN W. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTRegression analysis and the use of correlation coefficients have proven to be useful tools in the analysis of experimental data. But unless the proper precautions are taken, erroneous conclusions can easily be reached by their use. Several data patterns are provided to demonstrate this. Examples yielding unrepresentatively high, as well as low, correlations are discussed.
Synergistic effect in nonlinear response in glass ceramics
Authors: Feng Xu , Qiu Jianrong , Zhou Shifeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGlass ceramics may exhibit enhanced functionalities compared to the glass and crystal counterparts due to the synergistic effect with the “1+1 > 2” feature in a cooperative manner. Nonlinear optical property is expected to be next breakthrough in presenting synergistic effect in glass ceramics. In this article, we give a comprehensive review of the recent progress of the development in nonlinear glass ceramics with unique photonic domain structure, emphasizing their synergistic effect in nonlinear response. The applications in photonics of the nonlinear glass ceramics are also described. Finally, we also present the opportunities and challenges for further exploring synergistic effect in nonlinear response in glass ceramics.
Flash sintering of tungsten at room temperature (without a furnace) in <1 min by injection of electrical currents at different rates
Authors: Bamidele Emmanuel , Jalali Syed I. A. , Weimer Alan W. , Raj Rishi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSintering of tungsten nominally requires several hours at ultrahigh temperatures. We show this refractory metal can be sintered quickly by direct injection of current into dog bone shaped specimens. The current rate was varied from 10 A s−1 (fast) to 0.1 A s−1 (slow), leading to sintering in 2–200 s, respectively. Sintering occurred at the same current density, regardless of the current rate. In all instances, the samples sintered when they reached 1000°C. The phenomenological behavior of flash sintering of metals is described by three stages: an incubation time followed by electroluminescence, and finally by abrupt sintering to full density. It is conjectured that rapid sintering is instigated by the formation of Frenkel pairs (vacancies and interstitials), as well as electrons and holes. The point defects accelerate mass transport, whereas electrons and holes recombine to form photons. Calorimetric measurements show an endothermic reaction attributed to the creation of defects. Estimates suggest an unusually large concentration of Frenkel pairs. PS: Flash sintering is different than electro‐discharge‐sintering where a capacitor is discharged in a few milliseconds to sinter a metal. Here, instead of dumping large amount of energy at once, a power supply is programed to control the rate of current injection.
A conceptual model of family well‐being: Bridging constructs, fields, and practice applications
Authors: Crandall AliceAnn , Holmes Erin Kramer , Villalon Sariah E. , Weiss‐Laxer Nomi S. , Berge Jerica M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFamily functioning, family resilience, family health, and family flourishing are concepts used in research across multiple fields. One challenge of their interdisciplinary use is that there are a variety of definitions of each, with researchers sometimes creating their own definitions rather than using well‐established definitions. This can lead to different conceptualization of the same concept across studies. It is, therefore, necessary to develop a conceptual framework to understand the interplay between each of these family concepts, including their differences and overlap, to inform research, practice, and policy. In this article, we present the definitions, concepts, and common measurements of each concept. Based on the examination of the literature, we propose a conceptual framework of family well‐being that demonstrates the interplay of these concepts. We present empirical findings to understand how well some common measures differentiate between each other. Finally, we discuss the implications for research and practice.
Does SDG disclosure reflect corporate underlying sustainability performance? Evidence from UN Global Compact participants
Authors: Nicolo' Giuseppe , Zampone Giovanni , De Iorio Serena , Sannino Giuseppe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe 2030 United Nations (UN) Agenda for Sustainable Development has posed unprecedented challenges to businesses to integrate Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) concerns into their core operations and strategies and improve their transparency on SDG commitment toward investors and other stakeholders. However, prior studies have questioned the significance of firms' SDG disclosure practices, evidencing their inadequacy. Nevertheless, despite the burgeoning SDG disclosure literature, the extent to which SDG disclosure effectively reflects corporate sustainability performance is still unclear. Accordingly, using data from a large panel data set comprising 635 companies from 45 world countries and 8 industry sectors over the period 2016–2020, this study investigates the relationship between corporate environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance and sustainable development goals (SDGs) disclosure. Voluntary SDG disclosure has been measured using a disclosure index based on each company's response to the uniform and well‐designed communication on progress (CoP) questionnaire drafted annually by business participants in the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC). Several panel Tobit regressions have been estimated to examine whether the level of SDG disclosure retrieved from the CoPs reflects underlying corporate sustainability performance measured by total and individual ESG scores provided by the Refinitiv Eikon database. The study's findings provide robust empirical evidence that sustainability performance positively affects SDG disclosure, especially through environmental and social channels. Therefore, in line with the voluntary disclosure theory's arguments, this study highlights that superior sustainability performers provide more SDG disclosure to prove their high performance and distinguish themselves in the eyes of investors and other stakeholders.
Trading and Shareholder Democracy
Authors: LEVIT DORON , MALENKO NADYA , MAUG ERNST 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTWe study shareholder voting in a model in which trading affects the composition of the shareholder base. Trading and voting are complementary, which gives rise to self‐fulfilling expectations about proposal acceptance and multiple equilibria. Prices and shareholder welfare can move in opposite directions, so the former may be an invalid proxy for the latter. Relaxing trading frictions can reduce welfare because it allows extreme shareholders to gain more weight in voting. Delegating decision‐making to the board can help overcome collective action problems at the voting stage. We also analyze the role of index investors and social concerns of shareholders.
Effects of dietary corn and protein levels on physical properties of extruded feed pellets and growth performance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
Authors: Alkoei Amir Soltani , Jalali Sayed Mohammad Ali , Jalali Seyed Amir Hossein , Kheiri Farshid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe dietary protein levels and source of starch are factors in the economical production of feeds, which may change the physical quality of extruded pellets and the growth performance of fish. Eight feeds contained two protein levels and four levels of wheat flour substitutions by corn, as a 2 × 4 factorial experimental design, were produced by a twin‐screw extruder machine and fed to 800 rainbow trout. The results showed corn grain reduced expansion ratio, water stability at 120 and 260 min, starch gelatinization (SG), and apparent degradability, while bulk density (BD) and oil leakage of feed pellets increased. The high protein diets displayed the most BD, lower oil leakage, SG, and elastic modulus. The high protein feeds improved the final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fish. The corn grain reduced the FCR and promoted the trout's protein efficiency ratio. Lipid proportions of fish livers corresponded to hepatosomatic index and serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. In general, corn, as the starch source in the high and low‐protein extruded feeds, can be replaced at levels of 33%–66% of wheat flour without adverse effects on the physical characteristics of feed pellets and the growth performance of rainbow trout.
The gender pay platform gap during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the role of platform gender segregation in Australia
Authors: Churchill Brendan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProgress towards pay equity between men and women in the Australian economy stalled during the COVID‐19 pandemic, highlighting once again the gendered impact of the pandemic. However, little is known about the impact of the pandemic on the gender pay gap in the platform economy. Drawing on data from an Australian survey of platform workers (n = 947) during the early months of the pandemic (2020), this research investigates how the pandemic impacted the gender pay gap across different platform types—care, delivery and driving, microwork, and marketplace—and the platform economy overall. The findings show that the gendered segregated nature of platform work compounded by the uneven impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on particular types of platform work increased the pay gap between men and women. This research also sought to examine the mechanisms behind the gender pay gap, finding that human capital differences and platform gender segregation largely explain the gender pay gap on platforms in Australia. There was an association between parenthood and earnings, but this is moderated by human capital and platform type, suggesting that differences in earnings amongst parents are explained by these factors. The research finds that the gender gap across the platform economy increased by five percentage points, indicating that the gendered impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic also affected the platform economy.
Endophytic fungus Falciphora oryzae enhances salt tolerance by modulating ion homeostasis and antioxidant defense systems in pepper
Authors: Zou Yuwen , Zhang Limeng , Liu Ruicheng , He Liqun , Hu Zhangjian , Liang Yan , Lin Fucheng , Zhou Yanhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEndophytic fungi play an important role in the induction of plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the role of endophytic fungi in the response of horticultural plants to plant stress remains largely unknown. Here, we addressed the role of the endophytic fungus Falciphora oryzae in enhancing salt tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by inoculation with the endophyte in the rhizosphere. F. oryzae could indeed colonize the roots of pepper and significantly improved the tolerance of pepper to salt stress. This resulted in increased plant growth and photosynthetic performance compared with control plants, which was accompanied by increases in indole acetic acid and abscisic acid biosynthesis and signaling. Furthermore, inoculation with F. oryzae significantly upregulated a subset of transcripts involved in Na+ homeostasis (NHX3, NHX6, NHX8, HKT2‐1, and SOS1) and the high‐affinity K+ transporter protein‐related gene HAK1 in the leaves to maintain Na+/K+ homeostasis. Moreover, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, glutathione, and ascorbate peroxidase), the content of glutathione, the transcript level of genes related to antioxidants (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, peroxidase, glutamate‐cysteine ligase, and glutamine synthetase) in the leaves were significantly upregulated after inoculation with F. oryzae, which led to decreased levels of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and reactive oxygen species. These results indicate that inoculation with F. oryzae can enhance the salt tolerance of pepper by promoting ion homeostasis and upregulating antioxidant defense systems.