bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Polarity-induced Surfactant/Tertiary Amine System Evolving into Water Treatment Materials
Authors: Xie Na , Huang Yujia , Hu Menghan , Feng Min , Yu Yikai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By polarity modification and controlling a suitable hydrophobicity-hydrophily balance towards quaternary ammonium salt surfactant, it was first observed that the formed polarity-induced quaternary ammonium salt surfactant/tertiary amine system, was directly endowed with the functional characteristics of water treatment. This broke through the functional bottleneck of existing surfactants that could not be used as water treatment materials. When treating a dyeing wastewater, the polarity-induced quaternary ammonium salt surfactant/tertiary amine system achieved 95.26–99.89% of dye removal percentages in a wide range of dosages (80–150 mg/L), both the water treatment efficiency and stability were strong, and it was suitable for multi-element combination with other inorganic flocculants and coagulants to promote rapid sedimentation of flocs and achieve rapid elimination of turbidity within 30 min. Moreover, the serial kilogram-grade scale-up tests in synthesis and application were adopted to verify the practicability of products, beyond the status quo that the current developments of water treatment materials were usually carried out in small-scale experiments. The simulated scale-up tests of 50g-3kg synthesis reactions were carried out, and the results showed that all levels of scale-up reactions had given the stable reaction temperatures without any strong exothermic runaway phenomenons, and the dye removal percentages for scale-up products to treat dyeing wastewater were 92.08–99.94% in the dosage ranges of 90–200 mg/L, which were close to that of the small-scale product applied, indicating that the product was suitable for scale-up production and maintained the superior performance. In addition, the amplitude flow settling tank model was introduced to carry out the application simulation scale-up tests for treating a 90 kg dye wastewater. The results showed, after 30 min, the dye removal percentage of the outlet water was above 98.51%, and the turbidity value was below 6.9 NTU, which reached the first-class discharge standard and were superior to the small-scale beaker test results. Therefore, the scale-up application performance was also superior, confirming that it was feasible for the practical engineering application. In conclusion, this study pioneered a new route with extremely easy scale-up production and engineering application to select useful water treatment materials in water treatment field.
Physio-Morphological Traits Contributing to Genotypic Differences in Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Leafy Vegetable Species under Hydroponics
Authors: Ulas Firdes 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Soil fertility is declining in low-input agriculture due to insufficient fertilizer application by small-scale farmers. On the other hand, the concerns are rising on environmental pollution of both air and water in high-input agriculture due to excessive use of N fertilizer in a short growing season of vegetable crops, which is directly linked with the health of human beings and environmental safety. The aim of the study was to determine genotypic differences in Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) of different leafy vegetable species (Arugula, Spinach, Cress, Parsley and Dill) grown hydroponically under two different N-rates (Low N: 0.3 mM and High N: 3.0 mM) and to identify the plant traits which are contributing to NUE. The nutrient solution experiment was conducted between March – April in 2020 by using an aerated Deep-Water Culture (DWC) technique in a fully automated climate room with a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with three replications for five weeks. The results indicated that shoot growth, root morphological and leaf physiological responses were significantly (p<0.001) affected by Genotype, N-Rate and Genotype x N-Rate interaction. Shoot growth of some vegetable species (Argula, Spinach and Cress) was significantly higher under low N than high N-rate, illustrating that they have a great capability for NUE under low N stress conditions. Similar results were also recorded for the root growth of the N-efficient species under low N-rate. The NUE of these species was closely associated with leaf physiological (leaf area, SPAD, photosynthesis, leaf chlorophyll (a+b) and carotenoid) and root morphological (root length, root volume and average rot diameter) characteristics. These physiological and morphological plant traits could be useful characters for the selection and breeding of ‘N-efficient’ leafy vegetable species for sustainable agriculture in the future. However, further investigation should be carried out at field level to confirm their commercial production.
Optimization of Drying Parameters for Microwave Drying Process of Pandan Using Response Surface Methodology, and Quality Analysis of Pandan Power
Authors: Zhang Yingping , Qin Xiaowei , Ji Xunzhi , Zhang Dan , Zong Ying , He Shu zhen , Yu Huang , Zhang Ang , Chu Zhong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
method
microwave power 12 Kw, drying time 13.33 min, and material thickness 1.92 cm. Under this condition, the measured value of the rehydration ratio of the microwave dried leaves was 4.46 ± 0.05 g·g− 1, which was close to the predicted value of 4.44 g·g− 1. At the same time, by analyzing the color, chlorophyll content, particle size, key volatile component content and other related quality indicators of microwave dried Pandan powder, it was concluded that the color difference △L of Pandan powder processed under this drying process was 10.55 ± 1.94, △a was − 0.20 ± 0.14, △C was 5.39 ± 2.94, the total chlorophyll content was 5.11 ± 0.06 mg·g− 1, the D50 of the powder was 92.73 ± 0.49µm, and the specific surface area was 205.70 ± 0.72 m2·kg− 1. The content of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was 0.07 ± 0.01 mg·g− 1, and the content of squalene was 2.28 ± 0.06 mg·g− 1. Its each index is better than oven drying powder. Compared with ordinary oven drying, the microwave drying powder optimized in this experiment had better color, emerald green, shiny, bright color, and smaller powder particles. The content of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and squalene was higher, which was better than that of ordinary oven drying.
Differential Response of Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)Varieties to Mixed NPS Fertilizer Rates: An Analysis of Growth and Yield
Authors: Abrahim Abdi Hassen , Mustafa Abdulatif Ahmed , Abdulahi Jemal , Mume Aliyi Jemal 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a staple crop in Ethiopia, valued for its quick maturation and economic benefits. This study investigates the impact of varying NPS fertilizer rates on the growth, yield, and yield-related traits of three common bean varieties (Babile, Fadis, and Tinike). The experiment employed a randomized full block design with three replicates, testing five NPS fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha1).The Fadis variety, with an application of 150 kg ha-1 of NPS, demonstrated superior performance, yielding the highest number of pods per plant (25.33), grain yield (2565 kg ha-1), and yield index (41.30). This combination also resulted in the highest agronomic efficiency (5.6 kg per kg of NPS seed) and a maximum net benefit of 53,454 ETB ha-1, with a marginal efficiency of 850.5%. These findings suggest that the Fadis variety with 150 kg NPS ha1 application could enhance common bean productivity in the region. However, broader studies are recommended for a more comprehensive understanding.
Spectral Efficiency Analysis of an IRS-Assisted 6G Micro Cell
Authors: Mahbub Mobasshir , Shubair Raed M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The primary goal of the investigation is to increase coverage, i.e. provide better transmission for Internet of Things (IoT) services, by employing IRS within micro cellular transmission over a two-tier 6G network comprised of a micro cellular tier operating beneath a macro cellular tier. As a result, using computer-based measurement methodologies, the article tested and compared the effectiveness of traditional micro cellular connectivity against IRS-enhanced micro cell connectivity in terms of downstream spectral efficiency. According to the findings, the implementation of IRS greatly improves coverage, that is, transmission performance, for 6G-IoT services.
NPRC-Social isolation and aggression training lead to escalated aggression and hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis hyperfunction in mice
Authors: Oliveira Vinícius , Evrard Florence , Faure Melanie , Bakker Julie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although the participation of sex hormones and sex hormone-responsive neurons in aggressive behavior has been extensively studied, the role of other systems within the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis remains elusive. Here we assessed how the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and kisspeptin systems are impacted by escalated aggression in male mice. We used a combination of social isolation and aggression training (IST) to exacerbate mice’s aggressive behavior. Next, low-aggressive (group-housed, GH) and highly aggressive (IST) mice were compared regarding neuronal activity in the target populations and hormonal levels, using immunohistochemistry and ELISA, respectively. Finally, we used pharmacological and viral approaches to manipulate neuropeptide signaling and expression, subsequently evaluating its effects on behavior. IST mice exhibited enhanced aggressive behavior compared to GH controls, which was accompanied by elevated neuronal activity in GnRH neurons and arcuate nucleus kisspeptin neurons. Remarkably, IST mice presented an increased number of kisspeptin neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV). In addition, IST mice exhibited elevated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum. Accordingly, activation and blockade of GnRH receptors exacerbated and reduced aggression, respectively. Surprisingly, kisspeptin had intricate effects on aggression, i.e., viral ablation of AVPV-kisspeptin neurons impaired the training-induced rise in aggressive behavior whereas kisspeptin itself strongly reduced aggression in IST mice. Our results indicate that IST enhances aggressive behavior in male mice by exacerbating HPG-axis function. Particularly, increased GnRH neuron activity and peptide signaling were found to underlie aggression whereas the relationship with kisspeptin remains puzzling.
A pluralistic view on the evolutionary forces shaping genome size diversity in sharks
Authors: Sáez Mario Torralba , Hofreiter Michael , Straube Nicolas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Among vertebrates, sharks exhibit both large and heterogeneous genome sizes ranging from 2.86 to 17.05 pg. Aiming for a better understanding of the patterns and causalities of shark genome size evolution, we applied phylogenetic comparative methods to published genome-size estimates for 66 species representing the main phylogenetic lineages, life-histories and ecological traits. The 6-fold range of genome size variation was strongly traceable throughout the phylogeny, with a major expansion preceding shark diversification during the late Paleozoic and an ancestral state (6.37 pg) close to the present-day average (6.74 pg). Subsequent deviations from this average occurred at higher rates in squalomorph than in galeomorph sharks and were unconnected to evolutionary changes in the karyotype architecture, which were dominated by ascending disploidy events. Genome size was positively correlated with cell and nucleus sizes and negatively with metabolic rate. The metabolic constraints on increasing genome size also manifested at higher phenotypic scales, with large genomes associated with slow lifestyles, boreal latitudes, and purely marine waters. Moreover, large genome sizes were also linked to non-placental reproductive modes, which may entail metabolically less demanding embryological developments. Contrary to ray-finned fishes, genome size was associated neither with the taxonomic diversity of affected clades nor low genetic diversity.
Entomotherapy: An alternative treatment for diseases due to Gram-negative bacteria in Burkina Faso
Authors: OUANGO Mamadou , CISSE Hama , ROMBA Rahim , DRABO Samuel F. , SEMDE Rasmané , SAVADOGO Aly , GNANKINE Olivier 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Insects are known for their harmful effects. However, they also have beneficial effects on humans, animals, plants, and ecosystems. Its beneficial uses include entomophagy and entomotherapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of insect extracts against Gram-negative bacteria. Antibacterial activities of thirteen crude extracts of medicinal insects were tested against twelve Gram-negative bacteria by diffusion on agar. Imipenem was used as antibiotic for positive control. Extract yields varied among the insect species. All 13 extracts acted differently against certain Gram-negative bacteria. Largest inhibition diameter was 30.0 ± 0.0 mm for extracts of Cirina butyrospermi and Mylabris variabilis against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 and Salmonella enteritidis ATCC13076, respectively. Diameters of inhibition obtained using imipenem against these same bacterial strains were 13.0 ± 0.0mm and 22 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. The smallest inhibition diameter was 7.5 ± 0.0mm obtained using Anopheles gambiae extract against Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC14028. Imipenem used as a positive control was active on all strains tested. The highest multi-resistance index (0.85) was reported for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC9027 and Serratia odorifera 652411. Results of this study confirmed the antibacterial activities of insects used by traditional health practitioners to treat different pathologies. Entomotherapy could be an alternative treatment for certain pathologies caused by gram-negative bacteria.
Geo-spatial mapping of Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide within the University of Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Animashaun Musa B. , Alademomi Alfred , Okolie Chukwuma , Abolaji Oluwatimileyin , Ojegbile Babatunde , Daramola Olagoke , Alozie Nehemiah , Tella Abdulwaheed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The air quality within academic institutions in Nigeria with highly vulnerable student populations has not received adequate attention. The University of Lagos is located within the highly populated and industrialised state of Lagos, Nigeria. To assess the university’s air quality, the concentrations of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) were mapped and evaluated. Data was collected through direct field measurements using handheld gas sensors. The analysis of ambient air quality was done by applying the Exceedance Factor (EF) method where the presence of CO and CO2 average concentrations are classified into different categories. In addition, the USEPA Air Quality Index rating scale was used to evaluate the ambient air quality with respect to ASHRAE standards, and the pollutant concentration levels in different land use types were assessed. Regarding CO2, five air quality monitoring stations were found to be in the “high” category while others were in the “moderate” emission class. For CO, two stations were categorized as “moderate”, and others as “low”. The results show that CO2 emission is substantial along road corridors in the campus. These findings are valuable to inform researchers, policy makers and other stakeholders on mitigative measures for air quality management in academic institutions.
Performance evaluation of surrogate models for simulating multiphase NAPL transport in heterogeneous aquifers
Authors: Hu Litang , Zhang Menglin , Tian Lei , Huang Shiqi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

A better understanding of the distribution of nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) plumes is of great importance to groundwater pollution remediation and control. However, the efficiency of surrogate models in simulating the transport is still not well addressed. Selecting a leakage problem as an example, 50 sets of random permeability distributions are generated using the Monte Carlo method, and a numerical model is used to obtain benchmark data of NAPL transport. Four machine learning methods are employed to simulate dense NAPL transport under point leakage sources across spatiotemporal scales. The validation of the models demonstrate that the random forest model can also effectively capture the spatial-temporal distribution of the plume in heterogeneous aquifers, with a maximum mean absolute error and root mean square error smaller than 5.55 × 10−4 and 5.88 × 10−5, respectively. Meanwhile, the multiple phase outcome from the random forest model fits well with the numerical results under the scenarios of linear leakage sources and light NAPL transport. The total time consumed in the computation is reduced by over 150 times after using the surrogate models. The results suggest that surrogate models can provide a promising way to understand NAPL transport in heterogeneous aquifers.
Unleashing Breast Cancer Progression: miR-455-5p's Targeting of SOCS3
Drives Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion
Authors: Li Xin , Peng Bing , Li Jian , Tian Mi , He Lili 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
We aim to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of miR-455-5p/SOCS3
pathway that underlie the proliferation, migration, and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer
(TNBC) cells.

Methods:
Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect miR-455-5p expression
in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. CCK8 and Transwell assays were conducted to assess
the effects of miR-455-5p on breast cancer line proliferation, migration, and invasion. SOCS3
expression level in breast cancer tissues and cell lines was determined by qPCR and western blotting.
The targeting relationship between miR-455-5p and SOCS3 was determined by dual luciferase
reporter gene assay in different breast cancer cell lines. Finally, the upstream and downstream
regulatory association between miR-455-5p and SOCS3 was confirmed in breast cancer
cells by CCK8, western blot, and Transwell assays.

Results:
MiR-455-5p expression was up-regulated in breast cancer tissues; miR-455-5p regulates
TNBC proliferation, migration, and invasion of TNBC. SOCS3 was the direct target of
miR-455-5p and was down-regulated in breast cancer. Interference with SOCS3 reversed the inhibitory
effect of the miR-455-5p inhibitor on breast cancer cells' malignant potential.

Conclusion:
MiR-455-5p promotes breast cancer progression by targeting the SOCS3 pathway
and may be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Phytochemical Evaluation of Selected Ayurvedic Formulations and
Evaluate their Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Kumar Awadhesh , Ved Akash , Shukla Karuna S. , Nigam Amit Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
The Ayurvedic formulations' evaluation is very wide and deep. The project's goal was to
evaluate the phytochemistry and antioxidant activity of Ayurvedic formulations used to treat digestive
disorders. Herbal formulations are typically available as single or mixed formulations of multiple
plant constituents, and it is critical to quantify the number of markers present in such formulations
to ensure the product's high quality. The extract of formulations (Ajmodadi churna, Avipattikar
churna, and Sanjivani vati) was subjected to physicochemical screening, phytochemical screening,
HPTLC, and antioxidant activity was observed in the current study. Three ayurvedic formulations
(Sanjivini vati, Ajmodadi Churna, and Avipattikar Churna) were studied physicochemically in this
study. The extraction process determined the total phenolic and flavonoid content. The antioxidant
capacity of the selected formulation was calculated by three methods; total antioxidant capacity, ferric-
reducing power, and DPPH scavenging activity. The active constituent was isolated using the
HPTLC method. This study shows that the formulations Ajmodai churna, Avipattikar churna, and
Sanjivani vati are important sources of antioxidant compounds. The active constituent was isolated
using the HPTLC method. The HPTLC technique showed the presence of phenolics and terpenoids
that are responsible for antioxidant activity. Phenolics and Terpenoids, due to their antioxidant activity,
are used as an important source for digestive disorders.
Assessment of Reliability and Validity of a Nursing Tool Used to Examine Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Professional Nurses in Writing Nursing Care Plans at a Teaching Hospital in Gauteng Province, South Africa
Authors: Lodi Louisa M. , Randa Moreoagae B. , Ntuli Samuel T. , Matlala Sogo F. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
A nursing care plan is a guideline developed for a patient's needs. A well-documented care plan provides holistic patient-centred care and includes assessing, evaluating, and administering a variety of interventions as well as teaching patients and families. There are existing tools to measure nurses' knowledge, attitude, and practices in writing nursing care plans in many countries. However, cultural differences and most of the tools do not cover region-specific aspects of diseases, making it challenging to be used between countries.

Objective:
Thisstudy aimed to develop and validate a tool for determining the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses in writing nursing care plans at a teaching hospital in Gauteng province, South Africa.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 218 registered nurses in selected hospital wards. Reliability was examined using Cronbach alpha and item-total correlation, while validity was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA EFA) and convergent validity. SPSS for Windows (version 10.0; SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used to analyze data.

Results
Cronbach's alpha was 0.75 for knowledge, 0.74 for attitude, and 0.77 for practices. The item-total correlation values ranged from -0.203 to 0.742. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin was 0.877, 0.793, and 0.797 for the three dimensions, respectively and the Bartlett test was significant (p< 0.0001). The EFA showed that all the items had loadings ≥0.5 except for item A1. Knowledge and practice had a good convergent validity.

Implications for Nursing
Efforts to develop, validate and implement a new instrument to assess nursing knowledge, attitudes, and practice in writing nursing care plans improve communication between nursing staff, and involve patients more in their care, resulting in fewer medical errors and improving the quality of patient care.

Conclusion:
This study indicates that the tool has satisfactory reliability, and the use of EFA for the investigation of validity is adequate, but one item in the attitude dimension has a lower threshold value. Further confirmatory factor analysis studies with a larger sample size are needed to support construct validity.