bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic epidemiology and evolution of rhinovirus in western Washington State, 2021-22
Authors: Goya Stephanie , Wendm Seffir T. , Xie Hong , Nguyen Tien V. , Barnes Sarina , Shankar Rohit R. , Sereewit Jaydee , Cruz Kurtis , Pérez-Osorio Ailyn C. , Mills Margaret G. , Greninger Alexander L 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundHuman rhinoviruses (RV) primarily cause the common cold, but infection outcomes vary from subclinical to severe cases, including asthma exacerbations and fatal pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals. To date, therapeutic strategies have been hindered by the high diversity of serotypes. Global surveillance efforts have traditionally focused on sequencing VP1 or VP2/VP4 genetic regions, leaving gaps in understanding RV true genomic diversity.MethodsWe sequenced 1,003 RV genomes from nasal swabs of symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals to explore viral evolution during two epidemiologically distinct periods in Washington State: when the COVID-19 pandemic affected the circulation of other seasonal respiratory viruses except for RV (February – July 2021), and when the seasonal viruses reemerged with the severe RSV and influenza outbreak (November-December 2022). We constructed maximum likelihood and BEAST-phylodynamic trees to characterize intra-genotype evolution.ResultsWe detected 100 of 168 known genotypes, identified two new genotypes (A111 and C59), and observed inter-genotypic recombination and genotype cluster swapping from 2021 to 2022. We found a significant association between the presence of symptoms and viral load, but not with RV species or genotype. Phylodynamic trees, polyprotein selection pressure, and Shannon diversity revealed co-circulation of divergent clades within genotypes with high amino acid constraints throughout polyprotein.DiscussionOur study underscores the dynamic nature of RV genomic epidemiology within a localized geographic region, as more than 20% of existing genotypes within each RV species co-circulated each month. Our findings also emphasize the importance of investigating correlations between rhinovirus genotypes and serotypes to understand long-term immunity and cross-protection.
Impact of loss-of-function in angiopoietin-like 4 on the human phenome
Authors: Gagnon Eloi , Bourgault Jérome , Gobeil Émilie , Thériault Sébastien , Arsenault Benoit J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundCarriers of the E40K loss-of-function variant in Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), have lower plasma triglyceride levels as well as lower rates of coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). These genetic data suggest ANGPTL4 inhibition as a potential therapeutic target for cardiometabolic diseases. However, it is unknown whether the association between E40K and human diseases is due to linkage disequilibrium confounding. The broader impact of genetic ANGPTL4 inhibition is also unknown, raising uncertainties about the safety and validity of this target.MethodsTo assess the impact of ANGPLT4 inhibition, we evaluated the impact of E40K and other loss-of-function variants inANGPTL4on a wide range of health markers and diseases.. The E40K impact was assessed in 29 publicly available genome-wide association meta-analyses of European ancestry on cardiometabolic traits and diseases as well as 1589 diseases assessed in electronic health record within FinnGen (n=309,154). To ensure that these relationships were truly causal, and not driven by other correlated variants, we used the Bayesian fine mapping algorithm CoPheScan.ResultsThe CoPheScan posterior probability of E40K being the causal variant for triglyceride was 99.99%, validating the E40K to proxy lifelong lower activity of ANGPTL4. The E40K mutation was associated with lower risk of CAD (odds ratio [OR]=0.84, 95% CI=0.81 to 0.87, p=3.6e-21) and T2D (OR=0.91, 95% CI=0.87 to 0.95, p=2.8e-05) in GWAS meta-analyses, with results replicated in FinnGen. These significant results were also replicated using other rarer loss-of-function variants identified through whole exome sequencing in 488,278 participants of various ancestry in the UK Biobank. Using a Mendelian randomization study design, the E40K variant effect on cardiometabolic diseases was concordant with lipoprotein lipase enhancement (r=0.85), but not hepatic lipaseenhancement (r=-0.10), suggesting that ANGPTL4 effects on cardiometabolic diseases are potentially mainly mediated through lipoprotein lipase. The E40K variant did not significantly increase the risk of any of the 1589 diseases tested in FinnGen.ConclusionANGPTL4 inhibition may represent a potentially safe and effective target for cardiometabolic diseases prevention or treatment.
AMPK-activator ATX-304 reduces oxidative stress and improves MASLD via metabolic switching
Authors: Holm Emanuel , Vermeulen Isabeau , Parween Saba , López-Pérez Ana , Cillero-Pastor Berta , Vandenbosch Michiel , Remeseiro Silvia , Hörnblad Andreas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide for which there are no approved treatments. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an interesting therapeutical target since it acts as a central regulator of cellular metabolism. Despite efforts to target the AMPK, no direct activators has yet been approved for treatment of this disease. This study investigates the effect of AMPK activator ATX-304 in a preclinical mouse model of progressive fatty liver disease. The data demonstrate that ATX-304 diminishes body fat mass, lowers blood cholesterol levels, mitigates liver steatosis, and ameliorates the development of liver fibrosis. The beneficial effects of ATX-304 treatment are accompanied by a shift in the liver metabolic program, including increased lipid oxidation, reduced lipid synthesis, as well as remodeling of cholesterol and lipid transport. We also observed variations in lipid distribution among liver lobes in response to ATX-304, and a shift in the zonal distribution of lipid droplets upon treatment. Taken together, our data suggest that ATX-304 holds promise as a potential treatment for Metabolically Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), including in human patients.
Delaying cefiderocol resistance development in NDM-producingEnterobacter cloacaecomplex by combining cefiderocol with aztreonamin vitro
Authors: Göpel Lisa , Tran Nguyen Minh Thu , Tran Thanh Tung , Hauswaldt Susanne , Nur Canbulat Özge , Rupp Jan , Boutin Sébastien , Nurjadi Dennis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe rapid development of cefiderocol resistance poses a significant concern, particularly in Enterobacterales that produce New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM). This study explores the potential of inhibiting the development of cefiderocol resistance by combining cefiderocol with aztreonam.MethodsA resistance induction experiment using 20 clinical isolates was performed to assess the impact of cefiderocol-aztreonam on preventing cefiderocol resistance development at 4x and 10x cefiderocol MIC, with and without aztreonam (2, 4, 8 µg/ml). Additionally, serial passaging with doubling cefiderocol concentrations was performed with and without aztreonam. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to identify potential genetic factors associated with the phenotype.ResultsAmong the 20E. cloacaecomplex isolates, 40% (8/20) exhibited a significant reduction in cefiderocol MIC (≥4-fold MIC reduction) in the presence of 4 µg/ml aztreonam. Combining cefiderocol with a fixed concentration of 4 µg/ml aztreonam inhibited cefiderocol resistance development in these eight isolates at an inoculum of 107cfu/ml. Additional resistance induction experiments through serial passaging indicated a delayed emergence of cefiderocol-resistant clones when cefiderocol was combined with aztreonam. WGS analysis revealed a significant positive association betweenblaCTX-M-15,blaOXA-1, and other co-localized genes with a substantial MIC reduction for cefiderocol-aztreonam compared to cefiderocol alone.ConclusionOur study suggested that cefiderocol resistance development in NDM-producingE. cloacaecomplex can be delayed or inhibited by combining cefiderocol with aztreonam, even in the presence of multiple β-lactamase genes. A MIC reduction of at least 4-fold emerges as the most reliable predictor for inhibiting resistance development with this dual β-lactam combination.
Working memory constraints for visuomotor retrieval strategies
Authors: Velázquez-Vargas Carlos A. , Taylor Jordan A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent work has shown the fundamental role that cognitive strategies play in visuomotor adaptation. While algorithmic strategies, such as mental rotation, are flexible and generalizable, they are computationally demanding. To avoid this computational cost, people can instead rely on memory retrieval of previously successful visuomotor solutions. However, such a strategy is likely subject to strict stimulus-response associations and rely heavily on working memory. In a series of five experiments, we sought to estimate the constraints in terms of capacity and precision of working memory retrieval for visuomotor adaptation. This was accomplished by leveraging different variations of visuomotor item-recognition and visuomotor rotation recall tasks where we associated unique rotations with specific targets in the workspace and manipulated the set size (i.e., number of rotation-target associations). Notably, from Experiment 1 to 4, we found key signatures of working memory retrieval and not mental rotation. In particular, participants were less accurate and slower for larger set sizes and less recent items. Using a Bayesian-latent mixture model, we found that such decrease in performance is the result of both an increase in guessing behavior and of less precise samples from memory. In addition we estimated that participants’ working memory capacity was limited to 2-5 items, after which guessing increasingly dominated performance. Finally, in Experiment 5, we showed how the constraints observed across Experiments 1 to 4 can be overcome when relying on long-term memory retrieval. Our results point to the opportunity of studying other sources of memories where visuomotor solutions can be stored (e.g., episodic memories) to achieve successful adaptation.
Scaling Properties for Artificial Neural Network Models of a Small Nervous System
Authors: Simeon Quilee , Venâncio Leandro , Skuhersky Michael A. , Nayebi Aran , Boyden Edward S. , Yang Guangyu Robert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe nematode wormC. elegansprovides a unique opportunity for exploringin silicodata-driven models of a whole nervous system, given its transparency and well-characterized nervous system facilitating a wealth of measurement data from wet-lab experiments. This study explores the scaling properties that may govern learning the underlying neural dynamics of this small nervous system by using artificial neural network (ANN) models. We investigate the accuracy of self-supervised next time-step neural activity prediction as a function of data and models. For data scaling, we report a monotonic log-linear reduction in mean-squared error (MSE) as a function of the amount of neural activity data. For model scaling, we find MSE to be a nonlinear function of the size of the ANN models. Furthermore, we observe that the dataset and model size scaling properties are influenced by the particular choice of model architecture but not by the precise experimental source of theC. elegansneural data. Our results fall short of producing long-horizon predictive and generative models ofC. eleganswhole nervous system dynamics but suggest directions to achieve those. In particular our data scaling properties extrapolate that recording more neural activity data is a fruitful near-term approach to obtaining better predictive ANN models of a small nervous system.
Pheromone representation in the ant antennal lobe changes with age
Authors: Hart Taylor , Lopes Lindsey E. , Frank Dominic D. , Kronauer Daniel J.C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile the neural basis of age-related decline has been extensively studied (1–3), less is known about changes in neural function during the pre-senescent stages of adulthood. Adult neural plasticity is likely a key factor in social insect age polyethism, where individuals perform different tasks as they age and divide labor in an age-dependent manner (4–9). Primarily, workers transition from nursing to foraging tasks (5,10), become more aggressive, and more readily display alarm behavior (11–16) as they get older. While it is unknown how these behavioral dynamics are neurally regulated, they could partially be generated by altered salience of behaviorally relevant stimuli (4,6,7). Here, we investigated how odor coding in the antennal lobe (AL) changes with age in the context of alarm pheromone communication in the clonal raider ant (Ooceraea biroi) (17). Similar to other social insects (11,12,16), older ants responded more rapidly to alarm pheromones, the chemical signals for danger. Using whole-AL calcium imaging (18), we then mapped odor representations for five general odorants and two alarm pheromones in young and old ants. Alarm pheromones were represented sparsely at all ages. However, alarm pheromone responses within individual glomeruli changed with age, either increasing or decreasing. Only two glomeruli became sensitized to alarm pheromones with age, while at the same time becoming desensitized to general odorants. Our results suggest that the heightened response to alarm pheromones in older ants occurs via increased sensitivity in these two core glomeruli, illustrating the importance of sensory modulation in social insect division of labor and age-associated behavioral plasticity.
Study on the structure and corrosion resistance of MoS2/MgO micro-arc oxidation composite ceramic coating on the surface of ZK60 magnesium alloy
Authors: Chen Xiaowen , Xie Wanlin , Tang Song , Zhang Meng , Song Hao , Ran Qingzheng , Zhang Defen 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of MoS2 on the microstructure and characteristics of micro-arc oxidized (MAO) ceramic coatings created on ZK60 magnesium alloy through the addition of varying concentrations of MoS2 particles to the electrolyte, aiming to enhance the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy.

Design/methodology/approach
The surface morphology, roughness and phase composition of the coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, a hand-held roughness tester and an X-ray diffractometer, respectively, and the corrosion resistance of the MAO coatings prepared by the addition of different contents of MoS2 particles was tested and analyzed using an electrochemical workstation.

Findings
The results demonstrate that MoS2/MgO composite coatings have been successfully prepared on the surface of magnesium alloys through micro-arc oxidation. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of the ZK60 magnesium alloy prepared with the addition of 1.0 g/L MoS2 was the best compared to the other samples.

Originality/value
MoS2 particles were able to penetrate the coatings successfully during the micro-arc oxidation process, acting as a barrier in the micropores to prevent the corrosion medium from touching the surface, thus improving the corrosion resistance of the sample. The electrochemical workstation was used to study the corrosion resistance of the MoS2/MAO coating on the ZK60 magnesium alloy.
Measuring systemic risk in China: a textual analysis
Authors: Ma Wenbo , Li Kai , Pan Wei-Fong , Wang Xinjie 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to construct an index for systemic risk in China.Design/methodology/approachThis paper develops a systemic risk index for China (SRIC) using textual information from 26 leading newspapers in China. Our index measures the systematic risk from 21 topics relating to China’s economy and provides narratives of the sources of systemic risk.FindingsSRIC effectively predicts changes in GDP, aggregate financing to the real economy and the purchasing managers’ index. Moreover, SRIC explains several other commonly used macroeconomic indicators. Our risk measure provides a helpful monitoring tool for policymakers to manage systemic risk.Originality/valueThe paper construct an index of systemic risk based on the information extracted from newspaper articles. This approach is new to the literature.
Teachers’ affective and physical well-being: emotional intelligence, emotional labour and implications for leadership
Authors: Karakus Mehmet , Toprak Mustafa , Caliskan Omer , Crawford Megan 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThis study aims to examine the role of teachers’ emotional intelligence (EI) and emotional labour (EL) strategies in their affective and physical well-being.Design/methodology/approachThe quantitative data were collected from 436 primary school teachers. Likert-type scales were used to measure the variables. Confirmatory factor analyses were performed for the construct validity of the scales, and path analysis was used to test the hypothesised model.FindingsThe final structural equation model suggests that teachers' EI levels and display of appropriate EL strategies significantly reduce their stress, anxiety, burnout and psychosomatic complaints (PSCs). The final model shows that the deep acting strategy, which includes more adaptive emotion regulation strategies, improves teachers’ affective and physical well-being, while the surface acting strategy has a detrimental effect on their well-being.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first in the literature to highlight the importance of school teachers’ EI and EL strategies in managing stress, anxiety, burnout (affective well-being),and alleviating PSCs (physical well-being) within a single structural equation model. The findings have implications for educational leaders in fostering teachers’ emotional competencies and resources.
Principles and practices of modular course design in higher engineering education
Authors: Mesutoglu Canan , Stollman Saskia , Lopez Arteaga Ines 
Published: February 2024

PurposeFew resources exist to incorporate principles of modular approach to course design. This research aimed to help instructors by presenting principles for practical and empirically informed modular course design in engineering education.Design/methodology/approachIn the first phase, a systematic literature review was completed to identify categories addressing a modular course design. Search and screening procedures resulted in 33 qualifying articles describing the development of a modular course. In the second phase, 6 expert interviews were conducted to elaborate on the identified categories.FindingsGuided by the interview results and the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate) course design model, the categories were compiled into six design principles. To present the design principles in relation to the guiding principles of modular approach, an overarching conceptual model was developed.Originality/valueHere, we present our innovation; a foundation for an evidence-based systematic approach to modular course design. Implications have value for supporting flexibility and autonomy in learning.
The moderating impact of the audit committee on the relationship between audit quality and market reactions in South Africa
Authors: Bagonza Amon , Yan Chen , Rech Frederik 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to examine whether the audit committee moderates the relationship between audit quality and market reactions.

Design/methodology/approach
Using fixed effects and the GMM model for robustness, the study used 472 publicly listed firms on South Africa’s Johannesburg stock exchange spanning a period of six years from 2014 to 2019.

Findings
Results obtained show that audit quality impacts market reactions through share price and adjusted market returns. And, that the audit committee moderates the relationship between audit quality and market reactions in South Africa’s publicly listed firms. An effective audit committee is expected to play a crucial role in overseeing the audit process, ensuring the independence of auditors and promoting transparency and accountability which in turn impacts asset prices.

Research limitations/implications
The study implies that governments and regulatory bodies in other developing economies could strengthen regulations about companies’ Acts, how firms regulate themselves and more so audit committees. Firms can also strive to make sure that audit committees are staffed with experts to promote higher audit quality and investor attention to get access to the much-alluded capital.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the study adds value by being the first to explore the subject matter of the importance of audit committees in defining audit quality and market reactions in publicly listed firms. The research adds to the body of knowledge on corporate governance and audit quality. It provides a case study specific to the South African context, contributing to the global literature on these topics.
Attitude and behavioral intention for using metaverse in education: learner’s perspective
Authors: Chanda Ruby S. , Pabalkar Vanishree , Sharma Sarika 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThis study aims to understand and analyze the aspects influencing students’ attitudes and behavior toward the use of metaverse in education. The metaverse is currently viewed as technology with immense prospects. However, the practice of the metaverse for educational motives is rarely deliberated.Design/methodology/approachTo assess the effect of the metaverse on students' knowledge and use of resources, general interests and attitudes toward the metaverse in education, a survey was conducted. The collected data were analyzed using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in the first phase to address the various validity parameters. In the second phase, path analysis of the model was performed using structural equation modeling (SEM).FindingsThe study investigated how students intended to behave while using the metaverse for learning. The attitude toward adopting metaverse as technology is influenced by perceived utility and simplicity of use. This leads to behavioral intention as well. Studies reveal that the aspect of perceived usefulness is considered to be more significant in assessing the intention of use.Research limitations/implicationsThis quantitative study contributes to the literature on metaverse, which is in the growing stage. In the educational sector, the existing studies are scarce; hence, the addition to the literature on metaverse is quite significant in the education domain.Practical implicationsThe study benefits the students and the academicians because metaverse is largely considered an integral part of technology platforms, which has to be included in the learning systems eventually. There are few courses where the use of metaverse is already initiated at an introductory level, thus opening a broad spectrum of opportunities at all levels. It can provide scholars access to a massive array of resources, including multimedia presentations, interactive objects that support the delivery of lessons, videos, images and audio recordings.Originality/valueThis study adds to the existing literature by examining the impact of metaverse in education. The research focused on the students pursuing higher education who were mostly aware of metaverse and were open to the idea of learning and understanding through technology inclusion.