bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BHSeP18 Complete abdominal wall reconstruction in a patient with chronically infected mesh
Authors: Taddeo Ghani Omar Sayed , De Brito Ana Paula Coutinho Barros , Fernandes Murakami Abel Hiroshi , Vianna Birolini Claudio Augusto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A 53-year-old male presented to the HCFMUSP’s Abdominal Wall Clinic with a history of four surgeries in 2012 due to acute appendicitis complications: he developed a subphrenic abscess, necessitating multiple laparotomies and mesh placement, resulting in a 64-day hospitalization. He is a half-pack-a-day smoker with a BMI of 29.3 kg/m². Examination in June 2023 revealed a scarified wound, exposed mesh, and a contained eventration on one-third of the anterior abdominal wall. He experienced limiting pain and purulent discharge from the exposed mesh.
A CT scan showed a 16 cm × 13 cm abdominal wall discontinuity, lateralized rectus abdominis muscles, and mesh restraining the left hepatic lobe and intestines. In March 2024, he underwent total abdominal wall reconstruction. The surgery involved removing the infected mesh and scarified skin, treating intense adhesions, and performing an opportunistic cholecystectomy. Primary abdominal wall closure was achieved using extensive bilateral Gibson's incisions and an onlay polypropylene mesh.
Postoperatively, the patient did not require ICU care. He resumed ambulation and diet on the first day. Empirical oxacillin was given for 7 days until cultures identified Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, switching to oral ciprofloxacin upon discharge. Follow-up showed no infection, hernia recurrence, or mesh exposure.
Literature suggests complete excision of infected mesh. Shubinets et al. advocate for a single-stage approach with retromuscular biological meshes, while Devin, C.L. supports polypropylene meshes in infected sites. This case reinforces that synthetic onlay mesh offers good infection control, non-recurrence of hernias, and low complication rates, aligning with Birolini et al.'s findings.
BHSeP26 Abdominal wall reconstruction outcomes of the first 50 cases in a district general hospital
Authors: Gungadin Pallavi , Bhandari Mayank , Cheetham Mark , Chakravartty Saurav , Mccloud Joe , Parampalli Umesh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes of patients undergoing reconstruction of abdominal wall following repair of complex hernias at a recently established unit.

Methods
This retrospective study included all patients who underwent abdominal wall reconstruction for complex incisional hernias between January 2022 and March 2024. Clinical data encompassing patient demographics, operative parameters, post-operative complications, length of hospital stay and 30-day mortality was analysed.

Results
50 patients were included with a male to female ratio of 1:1. The median age of the participants was 62 (26–82). 25% of participants had a BMI of 35. The majority of hernias were approached with a vertical elliptical incision; Fleur de Lys incision was used in 1 case and abdominoplasty incision in 3 cases. The following reconstruction techniques were used: 27 patients underwent Rives Stoppa repair and 16 patients underwent Transversus Abdominis Muscle Release. 30% patients had Botulinum toxin injection pre-operatively. The types of mesh used included: Ultrapro 80 %, Phasix 16 % and Parietex 4 %.
Complications included: Surgical site occurrence 6%, cardiorespiratory complications 10%, vascular complications 2% and bowel obstruction 4%. ICU admission included 3 out of 50 patients. Length of hospital stay in 90% patients was 5 days. 60% patients had a 6-monthly follow up where 1 recurrence was noted.

Conclusion
The early outcomes in our patients demonstrates the feasibility to achieve acceptable outcomes in a district general hospital, by following a multidisciplinary approach and optimising modifiable risk factors preoperatively.
A novel microsatellite instability test of sebaceous tumours to facilitate low cost universal screening for Lynch syndrome
Authors: Gallon Richard , Holt Georgie , Alfailakawi Waleed , Husain Akhtar , Jones Claire , Sowter Peter , Santibanez-Koref Mauro , Jackson Michael S , Burn John , Cook Sam , Rajan Neil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
One in five sebaceous tumour (ST) patients may have Lynch syndrome (LS), a hereditary cancer predisposition. LS patients benefit from cancer surveillance and prevention programmes and immunotherapy. Whilst universal tumour mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency testing is recommended in colorectal and endometrial cancers to screen for LS, there is no consensus screening strategy for ST, leading to low testing rates and inequity of care.

Objectives
To assess a low cost and scalable, sequencing-based, microsatellite instability (MSI) assay, previously shown to enhance LS screening of colorectal cancers, for MMR deficiency detection in ST against the current clinical standard of immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Methods
One-hundred-and-seven consecutive ST cases were identified from a single pathology department. MMR protein IHC staining was interpreted by a consultant histopathologist. MSI analysis used amplicon-sequencing of 14 microsatellites and a naïve Bayesian classifier to calculate sample MSI score.

Results
Loss of MMR protein expression was observed in 49/104 ST with interpretable IHC (47.1%; 95% CI: 37.3-57.2%). MMR deficiency was less frequent in carcinoma than adenoma and sebaceoma (P = 4.74x10-3). The majority of MMR deficient ST had concurrent loss of MSH2 and MSH6 expression. The MSI score achieved a receiver operator characteristic area under curve of 0.944 relative to IHC. Lower MSI scores were associated with MSH6 deficiency.

Conclusions
These data support MSI testing as an adjunct or alternative to MMR IHC in ST. Integration of ST into established LS screening pathways using this high throughput methodology could increase testing and reduce costs.
Perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in neonates with transposition of the great arteries: 15 years of experience
Authors: Weeda Jesse A , Van Der Palen Roel L F , Bunker-Wiersma Heleen E , Koers Lena , Van Es Eelco , Hazekamp Mark G , Te Pas Arjan B , Roeleveld Peter Paul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can act as a bridge to recovery in both pre- and postoperative patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA). However, literature on its use in these patients is scarce.

METHODS
Retrospective single-centre cohort study encompassing all TGA patients who received ECMO between January 2009 and March 2024.

RESULTS
Twenty-two neonates received ECMO during the study period, with an overall median age and weight at time of ECMO cannulation of 6.5 (1.8–10) days and 3.7 (3.3–4.0) kg, respectively. Twelve neonates received ECMO prior to the arterial switch operation because of severe persistent pulmonary hypertension (83%), respiratory failure due to severe pulmonary atelectasis (8%) or hypoxia after pulmonary arterial banding procedure (8%). Postoperative ECMO was used in 11 patients; of these, 1 (9%) had also received ECMO preoperatively. Postoperative indications for the remaining patients included failure to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass (50%), low cardiac output in Intensive Care Unit (20%), or after cardiopulmonary arrest (30%). Overall, median ECMO duration for all TGA patients was 75 (45–171) h, with a survival rate of 59% to hospital discharge. Among the preoperative ECMO patients, 5 patients (42%) died (4 preoperatively, 1 postoperatively performed while on ECMO). In the postoperative ECMO group, survival rate was 60%.

CONCLUSIONS
In this single-centre retrospective study, TGA neonates received ECMO preoperatively primarily for severe pulmonary hypertension and postoperatively for failure to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass. This study showed a 58% and 60% survival to hospital discharge in ECMO patients supported preoperatively and those supported postoperatively, respectively.
Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in a semi-urban site: temporal variation, risk assessment, source identification, and estimation of levels in diverse environments
Authors: Caliskan Burak , Celik Semra , Sakin Ahmet Egemen , Tasdemir Yücel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study evaluates atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in a semi-urban area, Görükle, Turkey, from June 2021 to February 2022. The average concentration of ∑16 PAHs was 24.85 ± 19.16 ng/m3, ranging from 6.70 to 59.11 ng/m3. Seasonal variations were observed, with winter concentrations approximately five times higher than those in summer, driven by increased residential heating emissions and adverse meteorological effects. The results were compared to literature values, revealing lower PAH levels than those found in other urban and industrial areas. Meteorological factors were statistically analyzed. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations exhibited an inverse relationship with temperature and mixing height, while relative humidity showed a positive linear correlation. The study also estimated PAH concentrations in various environmental media using gas-particle partitioning and equilibrium models. The concentrations of PAHs in the particulate phase were minimal, suggesting that most PAHs were present in the gas phase. Additionally, the equilibrium concentrations of PAHs in soil, leaves, bark, and water were modeled, emphasizing the accumulation of heavier PAHs in these media yet 2- and 3-ring PAHs were predominant in the ambient air samples. Source apportionment and principal component analysis studies identified vehicle emissions and combustion for heating purposes as the primary sources of pollution. However, air mass trajectory analysis indicated contributions from Kocaeli, an area with significant industrial activity. The cancer risk assessment yielded low risks for both adults and children.
Depletion of fenbendazole sulfone residues in Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) liver following medicated feed treatment
Authors: Henry Brett J , Henry Cassandra , Patel Dhaval , Brym Matthew Z , Kalyanasundaram Aravindan , Leach Jeremiah , Kendall Ronald J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) are an important game bird that generates substantial revenue for rural communities and is also an important grassland conservation species. Unfortunately, Northern bobwhite populations have been declining across their range for over 50 years. In the southwest bobwhite range, parasites are suspected to contribute substantially to the decline. To test the relationship of parasites and wild Northern bobwhite populations, an anthelmintic medicated feed was developed. The medicated feed was then tested as part of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration registration process. Because Northern bobwhite are a game species and harvested birds are ingested by people, it was necessary to estimate the tissue clearance rate of the drug. This study examined how quickly the conjugated metabolite fenbendazole sulphone was cleared from quail liver. A validated LC/MS-MS method was used to determine clearance rate from pen-reared northern bobwhite fed the anthelmintic at 110 ppm in feed. Results of the tissue clearance study found the drug never exceeded the maximum allowable concentration of 6 ppm and was cleared from the liver in 9.38 hours. Based on the Center for Veterinary Medicine guidance for industry #3, a 0-day withdrawal period was assigned to the recently registered medicated feed in wild northern bobwhite. Thus, the anthelmintic fenbendazole was shown to be rapidly cleared from Northern bobwhite and represents a viable option for treating wild populations for parasite infections while treated game birds remain safe for human consumption.
The State of Repair: The International Norm of Reparations between Aspirations and Expectations
Authors: Ben-Josef Hirsch Michal , Dixon Jennifer M 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT∞
Transitional justice has long been established as a rich field of scholarship and policy. An enduring concern has been the mix of advocacy and scholarship and its effects on empirical assessments. A more recent concern is that the international consensus supporting transitional justice is eroding. This article engages these concerns through the lens of international norms. Systematically analyzing international discourse within the United Nations and Amnesty International, the article maps the content of, and changes since 1945 in, the international norm of reparations, which is a core element of transitional justice. The analysis reveals that the strength of the international norm of reparations is not eroding, and that there is broad consensus about its core content. The analysis also highlights claims about reparations that – as assessed in international discourse – are more aspirational than empirical, including that nonstate actors are responsible for reparations and that reparations should be both concrete and symbolic.
Development of a technique to optimize micro-hydro turbine location and capacity for optimal pressure control and energy recovery in water systems
Authors: Kwon Hui Geon , Choi Young Hwan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the water supply system, for stable operation and management, pressure control, and energy consumption are important factors. However, gravity flow water supply systems can cause leaks and pipe damage when high pressure from upstream moves downstream. Therefore, the only popular way to control pressure within an acceptable range is to use a pressure reduction valve to control pressure within an appropriate range. However, using only the pressure reduction valve causes indiscriminate energy waste in operating and managing the water supply system. Accordingly, a micro-hydro turbine was proposed to replace the pressure reduction valve to provide appropriate pressure control and energy recovery. In addition, existing micro-hydro turbine designs were designed with only energy recovery in mind, but for sustainable operation, various design factors must be considered for optimal design. However, in design, EPANET2.2, the model simulation program in this study, does not have a model that can calculate the size of the turbine, so it is replaced with the pressure reduction valve and designed using the corresponding pressure and flow rate. Therefore, in this study, the range that satisfies the appropriate pressure condition is determined by using the pressure reduction valve (if a micro-hydro turbine is used with a surplus pressure head considering appropriate pressure control, the potential energy recovery amount can be determined). Therefore, a multi-objective optimal design technique was proposed that can optimize objective functions such as energy recovery and installation cost. The optimization technique is a multi-objective harmony search, and benchmark networks were applied to verify the proposed methodology. Through this study, it is expected that it can be effectively used in the sustainable operation of the water supply system by considering various design factors through adjustment of the set pressure.
Inherited obstruction: the complaint procedure under the Biological Weapons Convention and the UN Charter rule on obligatory abstention in the Security Council
Authors: Hoffberger-Pippan Elisabeth , Pippan Christian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In November 2022, the UN Security Council rejected a draft resolution, tabled by Russia, which sought to initiate an investigation into allegations of purported non-compliance by the US and Ukraine with their obligations under the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC). Using this episode as a point of departure, the present article takes a closer look at the BWC’s complaint procedure and the role allocated therein to the Security Council. The piece commences with a detailed account of Russia’s first-ever invocation of Article VI BWC, followed by an examination of the normative interplay between the Convention’s complaint mechanism and Chapter VI of the UN Charter. The article then turns to the ‘obligatory abstention rule’ enshrined in Article 27(3) of the UN Charter and its potential to address the concern that the BWC’s complaint procedure is de facto a dead-end for complaints against a permanent member of the Security Council. The analysis suggests that while greater adherence to the obligatory abstention rule by the Council could potentially enhance the fairness and effectiveness of the BWC’s complaint mechanism (particularly at the fact-finding stage), too much hope should not be placed in a possible reactivation of the rule. The inherent limitations of the rule, coupled with ambiguous procedures for determining its application in a particular case, ultimately leave ample room for the P5 to keep their sacrosanct veto power intact.
Outpatient palliative care and end-of-life care intensity: linking Massachusetts Cancer Registry with All-Payer Claims Database
Authors: Keating Nancy L , Weissman Joel S , Wright Alexi A , Wolf Robert , Gershman Susan , Knowlton Richard , Ayanian John Z 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Early palliative care is associated with better outcomes for patients with advanced-stage cancers. Using a novel data linkage, we assessed outpatient palliative care use before death and its association with end-of-life care intensity and variation across 8 provider networks in Massachusetts.

Methods
We linked Massachusetts Cancer Registry and the All-Payer Claims Database for individuals with commercial insurance, Medicaid, or Medicare Advantage diagnosed with colorectal, lung, prostate, and breast cancers from 2010 to 2013 who died by December 31, 2014. We characterized outpatient palliative care visits in the 6 months before death and identified end-of-life hospitalizations, emergency department visits, intensive care unit admissions, chemotherapy, no/late hospice enrollment, and in-hospital deaths. We used logistic regression to assess factors associated with outpatient palliative care and ordinal logistic regression with provider network fixed effects to assess the association of palliative care with a composite measure summing individual end-of-life intensity measures.

Results
Among 6279 decedents, 11.3% had at least 1 outpatient palliative care visit. Palliative care use varied across provider networks from 6.0% to 19.3%. In adjusted analyses, younger age, longer duration from diagnosis to death, death in 2012-2014 vs 2010, and provider network were associated with palliative care visits (all P values less than .05). End-of-life care intensity varied across provider networks. Patients with palliative care visits had lower adjusted odds of receiving intensive end-of-life care (adjusted odds ratio = 0.62 per additional measure of end-of-life intensity, 95% CI = 0.53 to 0.72).

Conclusions
Outpatient palliative care use varied substantially among regional provider networks and was associated with less intensive end-of-life care.
Reflecting on the interpretation and application of the international convention for the suppression of the financing of terrorism in light of the Ukraine v Russia case
Authors: Musmeci Daniele 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The present article intends to provide an assessment of the International Court of Justice’s judgment on the merits in the case concerning Application of the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism and of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Ukraine v Russian Federation). The assessment is confined to the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism (ICSFT) and addresses critical issues, including the international responsibility stemming from the breach of the ICSFT, the interpretation of the key term ‘fund’, and the mental element ‘in the knowledge’. Afterwards, it delves into the Court’s findings vis-à-vis the Applicant’s allegations and concludes by illustrating the results of the analysis.
Semiparametric posterior corrections
Authors: Yiu Andrew , Fong Edwin , Holmes Chris , Rousseau Judith 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present a new approach to semiparametric inference using corrected posterior distributions. The method allows us to leverage the adaptivity, regularization, and predictive power of nonparametric Bayesian procedures to estimate low-dimensional functionals of interest without being restricted by the holistic Bayesian formalism. Starting from a conventional posterior on the whole data-generating distribution, we correct the marginal posterior for each functional of interest with the help of the Bayesian bootstrap. We provide conditions for the resulting one-step posterior to possess calibrated frequentist properties and specialize the results for several canonical examples: the integrated squared density, the mean of a missing-at-random outcome, and the average causal treatment effect on the treated. The procedure is computationally attractive, requiring only a simple, efficient postprocessing step that can be attached onto any arbitrary posterior sampling algorithm. Using the ACIC 2016 causal data analysis competition, we illustrate that our approach can outperform the existing state-of-the-art through the propagation of Bayesian uncertainty.
Alkylated DNA repair by a novel HhH-GPD family protein from Crenarchaea
Authors: Zhang Likui , Gao Tian , Li Zheng , Chen Cai , Jiang Donghao , Yin Youcheng , Zheng Yaqi , Cao Peng , Gong Yong , Yang Zhihui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
HhH-GPD (helix–hairpin–helix-glycine/proline/aspartate) family proteins are involved in DNA damage repair. Currently, mechanism of alkylated DNA repair in Crenarchaea has not been fully clarified. The hyperthermophilic model crenarchaeon Saccharolobus islandicus REY15A possesses a novel HhH-GPD family protein (Sis-HhH-GPD), where its Ser152 corresponds to a conserved catalytic Asp in other HhH-GPD homologs. Herein, we report that Sis-HhH-GPD is a novel bi-functional glycosylase, capable of removing both 1-methyladenine (1-meA) from DNA and alkylated bases from DNA created by methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). Mutational analyses show that E134 is essential for catalysis, whereas S152 is not essential. Sis-HhH-GPD might utilize aromatic rings of Y154 and W57 to stack against 1-meA base for flipping-out and then be removed by E134. Additionally, R157, R161 and R200 participate in catalysis. Among four cysteine residues that potentially coordinate with the Fe-S cluster loop, C203, C210 and C219 are involved in catalysis. Importantly, Sis-HhH-GPD is responsible for repair of alkylated DNA created by MMS in vivo. Interestingly, genetic complementary data have confirmed physiological function of Sis-HhH-GPD in alkylated DNA repair and clarified functional roles of its four cysteine residues in vivo. Overall, we provide first evidence that HhH-GPD family protein from Crenarchaea functions in alkylated DNA repair.