bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking social motivation, general motivation, and social cognition to interpersonal functioning in schizophrenia: insights from exploratory graph analysis
Authors: Hajdúk Michal , Abplanalp Samuel J. , Jimenez Amy M. , Fisher Melissa , Haut Kristen M. , Hooker Christine I. , Lee Hyunkyu , Ventura Joseph , Nahum Mor , Green Michael F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMotivation in general, and social motivation in particular are important for interpersonal functioning in individuals with schizophrenia. Still, their roles after accounting for social cognition, are not well understood. The sample consisted of 147 patients with schizophrenia. General motivation was measured using the Behavioral inhibition/activation scale (BIS/BAS). Social motivation was measured by Passive social withdrawal and Active social avoidance items from PANSS. Interpersonal functioning was evaluated with Birchwood’s Social Functioning Scale (SFS). We used Exploratory Graph Analysis for network estimation and community detection. Active social avoidance, passive social withdrawal, and social withdrawal/engagement (from SFS) were the most important nodes. In addition, three distinct communities were identified: Social cognition, Social motivation, and Interpersonal functioning. Notably, the BIS and BAS measures of general motivation were not part of any community. BAS showed stronger links to functioning than BIS. Passive social withdrawal was more strongly linked to interpersonal functioning than social cognitive abilities. Results suggest that social motivation, especially social approach, is more closely related to interpersonal functioning in schizophrenia than general motivation. In contrast, we found that general motivation was largely unrelated to social motivation. This pattern highlights the importance of type of motivation for understanding variability in interpersonal difficulties in schizophrenia.
Evaluating quality of life in pediatric palliative care: a cross-sectional analysis of children’s and parents’ perspectives
Authors: Toro-Pérez Daniel , Limonero Joaquin T. , Guillen Montserrat , Bolancé Catalina , Vilarrubí Sergi Navarro , Camprodon-Rosanas Ester 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe patient’s perspective is an essential component of understanding the individual experience of suffering in children with palliative needs, but it is a perspective that is often overlooked. The aim of this study was to compare the perception of quality of life (QoL) of children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions expressed by the children themselves and their parents. Through a cross-sectional study, the responses of 44 parent–child dyads were obtained and the analysis was performed with the statistics based on Student’s t distribution and non-parametric tests. Children value QoL more positively (mean = 6.95, SD = 1.85) than their parents (mean = 5.39, SD = 2.43). This difference exists even if we consider sociodemographic and disease variables. The presence of exacerbated symptoms is the situation in which both parents (mean = 3.70; SD = 1.95) and children (mean = 5.60; SD = 1.17) evaluate QoL more negatively.Conclusions: Children have a more optimistic view than their parents. When the child is the one who reports a lower QoL score than their parent, the child should be carefully monitored. The voice of the child and that of the family members can be collected to create a “family voice” and can be complementary.

What is Known:• Children with life-limiting conditions experience multiple and changing symptoms that affect their QoL.• The child’s perspective is often overlooked.

What is New:• Children value QoL more positively than their parents do, even if we control for sociodemographic variables and the disease itself.• When the child is the one who reports a lower QoL score than their parent, the child should be carefully monitored.
How well do concentric radii approximate population exposure to volcanic hazards?
Authors: Biass Sébastien , Jenkins Susanna F. , Hayes Josh L. , Williams George T. , Meredith Elinor S. , Tennant Eleanor , Yang Qingyuan , Lerner Geoffrey A. , Burgos Vanesa , Syarifuddin Magfira , Verolino Andrea 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEffective risk management requires accurate assessment of population exposure to volcanic hazards. Assessment of this exposure at the large-scale has often relied on circular footprints of various sizes around a volcano to simplify challenges associated with estimating the directionality and distribution of the intensity of volcanic hazards. However, to date, exposure values obtained from circular footprints have never been compared with modelled hazard footprints. Here, we compare hazard and population exposure estimates calculated from concentric radii of 10, 30 and 100 km with those calculated from the simulation of dome- and column-collapse pyroclastic density currents (PDCs), large clasts, and tephra fall across Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) 3, 4 and 5 scenarios for 40 volcanoes in Indonesia and the Philippines. We found that a 10 km radius—considered by previous studies to capture hazard footprints and populations exposed for VEI ≤ 3 eruptions—generally overestimates the extent for most simulated hazards, except for column collapse PDCs. A 30 km radius – considered representative of life-threatening VEI ≤ 4 hazards—overestimates the extent of PDCs and large clasts but underestimates the extent of tephra fall. A 100 km radius encapsulates most simulated life-threatening hazards, although there are exceptions for certain combinations of scenario, source parameters, and volcano. In general, we observed a positive correlation between radii- and model-derived population exposure estimates in southeast Asia for all hazards except dome collapse PDC, which is very dependent upon topography. This study shows, for the first time, how and why concentric radii under- or over-estimate hazard extent and population exposure, providing a benchmark for interpreting radii-derived hazard and exposure estimates.
Edge-Connectivity and Pairwise Disjoint Perfect Matchings in Regular Graphs
Authors: Ma Yulai , Mattiolo Davide , Steffen Eckhard , Wolf Isaak H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor $$0 \le t \le r$$

0
≤
t
≤
r

let m(t, r) be the maximum number s such that every t-edge-connected r-graph has s pairwise disjoint perfect matchings. There are only a few values of m(t, r) known, for instance $$m(3,3)=m(4,r)=1$$

m
(
3
,
3
)
=
m
(
4
,
r
)
=
1

, and $$m(t,r) \le r-2$$

m
(
t
,
r
)
≤
r
-
2

for all $$t \not = 5$$

t
≠
5

, and $$m(t,r) \le r-3$$

m
(
t
,
r
)
≤
r
-
3

if r is even. We prove that $$m(2l,r) \le 3l - 6$$

m
(
2
l
,
r
)
≤
3
l
-
6

for every $$l \ge 3$$

l
≥
3

and $$r \ge 2 l$$

r
≥
2
l

.
Service time window selection for attended home deliveries: a case study for urban and rural areas
Authors: Burian Melanie , Köhler Charlotte , Campbell Ann Melissa , Ehmke Jan Fabian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAttended home deliveries are one of the most challenging logistics services with different customer expectations and challenges in urban and rural areas. For different demand densities, retailers must strike a balance between providing excellent customer service and optimizing routing efficiency. While customers often expect delivery promises with narrow time windows, research has demonstrated that longer time windows can increase the flexibility and the ability to accept more customers. However, it is not clear how different demand densities impact flexibility and customer acceptance. To serve as many customers as possible with excellent service quality, this paper reviews and expands on ideas for offering short and long time windows in a flexible manner in urban and rural areas. This study proposes different methods for providing customers with time windows of different lengths and investigates their performance based on a case study in Vienna and Upper Austria.
The 2022 Chaos Canyon landslide in Colorado: Insights revealed by seismic analysis, field investigations, and remote sensing
Authors: Allstadt Kate E. , Coe Jeffrey A. , Collins Elaine A. , Rengers Francis K. , Mangeney Anne , Esser Scott M. , Pursley Jana , Yeck William L. , Bellini John J. , Brady Lance R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn unusual, high-alpine, rapid debris slide originating in ice-rich debris occurred on June 28, 2022, at 16:33:16 MDT at the head of Chaos Canyon, a formerly glacier-covered valley in Rocky Mountain National Park, CO, USA. In this study, we integrate eyewitness videos and seismic records of the event with meteorological data, field observations, pre- and post-event satellite imagery, and uncrewed aircraft vehicle imagery to characterize the event and future hazards it may pose. Deformation of the eventual slide mass preceded rapid failure by decades, starting in the early to mid-2000s, accelerating in 2018 (the warmest year on record), and reaching ~ 20 m/year in 2021. The main event, which was preceded by smaller sliding episodes earlier that day, had a volume of ~ 2.1 million m3, reached peak velocities of about 5 m/s, slid on a surface up to 80 m deep, and moved up to ~ 245 m downslope in < 2 min. We observed blocks of frozen debris (permafrost) in the landslide deposits. Within ~ 2 weeks, these blocks had melted and became dry, conical debris mounds (molards). We hypothesize that the rapid slide was induced by gradually increasing long-term air temperatures that thawed ice and increased pore pressures. The presence and suspected influence of permafrost on the occurrence of this landslide indicate other slopes in the park, and other moderate-to-low latitude alpine regions may experience similar slope stability issues as temperatures continue to warm.
Implicating fictional truth
Authors: Franzén Nils 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSome things that we take to be the case in a fictional work are never made explicit by the work itself. For instance, we assume that Sherlock Holmes does not have a third nostril, that he wears underpants and that he has never solved a case with a purple gnome, even though neither of these things is ever mentioned in the narration. This article argues that examples like these can be accounted for through the same content-enriching reasoning that we employ when confronted with non-fictional discourse, with the important difference that fictional discourse essentially involves pretence. Fictional discourse works in much the same way as non-fictional discourse, and what is conveyed without being stated can accordingly be explained through familiar pragmatic mechanisms. It is argued that this account carries some distinct advantages over competing views.
Assessing conceptual comparability of single-item survey instruments with a mixed-methods approach
Authors: Singh Ranjit Konrad , Neuert Cornelia Eva , Raykov Tenko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn increasing number of research projects and infrastructure services involve pooling data across different survey programs. Creating a homogenous integrated dataset from heterogeneous source data is the domain of ex-post harmonization. The harmonization process involves various considerations. However, chief among them is whether two survey measurement instruments have captured the same concept. This issue of conceptual comparability is a fundamental precondition for pooling different source variables to form a harmonized target variable. Our paper explores this issue with a mixed-methods approach. On the one hand, we use psychometric latent variable modeling by presenting several single-item wordings for social trust to respondents and then performing factor analytic procedures. On the other hand, we complement and contrast these quantitative findings with qualitative findings gained with an open-ended web probe. The combined approach gave valuable insights into the conceptual comparability of the eleven social-trust-related single-item wordings. For example, we find that negative, distrust-related wordings and positive, trust-related wordings should not be pooled into an integrated variable. However, the paper will also illustrate and discuss why it is easier to disprove conceptual comparability than fully prove it.
Humanising robot-assisted navigation
Authors: Falqueto Placido , Antonucci Alessandro , Palopoli Luigi , Fontanelli Daniele 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRobot-assisted navigation is a perfect example of a class of applications requiring flexible control approaches. When the human is reliable, the robot should concede space to their initiative. When the human makes inappropriate choices the robot controller should kick-in guiding them towards safer paths. Shared authority control is a way to achieve this behaviour by deciding online how much of the authority should be given to the human and how much should be retained by the robot. An open problem is how to evaluate the appropriateness of the human’s choices. One possible way is to consider the deviation from an ideal path computed by the robot. This choice is certainly safe and efficient, but it emphasises the importance of the robot’s decision and relegates the human to a secondary role. In this paper, we propose a different paradigm: a human’s behaviour is correct if, at every time, it bears a close resemblance to what other humans do in similar situations. This idea is implemented through the combination of machine learning and adaptive control. The map of the environment is decomposed into a grid. In each cell, we classify the possible motions that the human executes. We use a neural network classifier to classify the current motion, and the probability score is used as a hyperparameter in the control to vary the amount of intervention. The experiments collected for the paper show the feasibility of the idea. A qualitative evaluation, done by surveying the users after they have tested the robot, shows that the participants preferred our control method over a state-of-the-art visco-elastic control.
DMpDP: a Diagnostic Multiple-patient DermoFeature Profile store-and-forward teledermoscopy system
Authors: Ashour Amira S. , Abd El-Wahab Basant S. , Wahba Maram A. , Fotiadis Dimitrios I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTelehealth demand is rapidly growing along with the necessity of providing wide-scale services covering multiple patients at the same time. In this work, the development of a store-and-forward (SAF) teledermoscopy system was considered. The dermoFeatures profile (DP) was proposed to decrease the size of the original dermoscopy image using its most significant features in the form of a newly generated diagonal alignment to generate a small-sized image DP, which is based on the extraction of a weighted intensity-difference frequency (WIDF) features along with morphological features (MOFs). These DPs were assembled to establish a Diagnostic Multiple-patient DermoFeature Profile (DMpDP). Different arrangements are proposed, namely the horizontally aligned, the diagonal-based, and the sequential-based DMpDPs to support the SAF systems. The DMpDPs are then embedded in a recorded patient-information signal (RPS) using a weight factor β to boost the transmitted patient-information signal. The effect of the different transform domains, β values, and number of DPs within the DMpDP were investigated in terms of the diagnostic classification accuracy at the receiver based on the extracted DPs, along with the recorded signal quality evaluation metrics of the recovered RPS. The sequential-based DMpDP achieved the highest classification accuracy, under − 5 dB additive white Gaussian noise, with a realized signal-to-noise ratio of 98.79% during the transmission of 248 DPs using β = 100, and spectral subtraction filtering.
Graphical Abstract
A generalized Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test for a family of generalized linear models
Authors: Surjanovic Nikola , Lockhart Richard A. , Loughin Thomas M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGeneralized linear models (GLMs) are very widely used, but formal goodness-of-fit (GOF) tests for the overall fit of the model seem to be in wide use only for certain classes of GLMs. We develop and apply a new goodness-of-fit test, similar to the well-known and commonly used Hosmer–Lemeshow (HL) test, that can be used with a wide variety of GLMs. The test statistic is a variant of the HL statistic, but we rigorously derive an asymptotically correct sampling distribution using methods of Stute and Zhu (Scand J Stat 29(3):535–545, 2002) and demonstrate its consistency. We compare the performance of our new test with other GOF tests for GLMs, including a naive direct application of the HL test to the Poisson problem. Our test provides competitive or comparable power in various simulation settings and we identify a situation where a naive version of the test fails to hold its size. Our generalized HL test is straightforward to implement and interpret and an package is publicly available.
Adsorbed Gas Storage Digital Twin
Authors: Klepp Georg 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOne possibility for energy storage are fuels. With gaseous fuels like hydrogen or methane, significant efforts are necessary for a feasible storage in terms of compression or liquefaction. This is of particular importance in the mobility sector. An alternative to high-pressure or cryogenic gas storage is the storage by adsorption in porous media using nano-carbons, metal–organic frameworks, or metal hydrides as adsorbents. In order to assess the performance of the charging and discharging of adsorption tanks, the mass and energy balance as well as the phase equilibrium (adsorption isotherm) and, if present, the spatial distribution of properties has to be considered. In order to simplify the analysis and prediction of these models, an attempt is made to develop digital twins based on machine learning. Neural networks and Gaussian process regression are applied to replace the system of coupled nonlinear and differential equations. The data basis used is generated by simulations. Thus, it is possible to easily predict the performance of a storage tank for different gases or to determine an optimum storage device (material selection and tank design).
Vehicle-assisted ligature decapitation – an unusual case report
Authors: Passos Deniz , Duarte Eduarda , Andrade da Costa Alexandra , Viana Cátia , Almeida Dina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSuicide by vehicle-assisted strangulation resulting in decapitation is a rare occurrence, characterized by a high kinetic energy mechanism that produces a clean-cut appearance in the decapitation area. Often resembling an incisive wound, this particular finding can mislead local authorities into investigating the case as a homicide. This case report describes an adult male who accelerated his vehicle after tying a nylon rope around his neck and securing it to a metallic structure on the wall. Furthermore, we conducted a brief review of cases published within the last ten years, summarizing the most prevalent findings associated with these incidents. By analyzing previously reported cases alongside our own, we aim to consolidate the prevailing patterns observed in vehicle-assisted strangulation cases. This underscores the paramount importance of thorough scene analysis by the medico-legal team and emphasizes the significance of subsequent necropsy findings in accurately discerning the manner of death.
Microstructure and Crystallographic Texture Evolution of β-Solidifying γ-TiAl Alloy During Single- and Multi-track Exposure via Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Park Sung-Hyun , Gokcekaya Ozkan , Ozasa Ryosuke , Oh Myung-Hoon , Kim Young-Won , Kim Hyoung Seop , Nakano Takayoshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe microstructural evolution and crystallographic texture formation of β-solidifying Ti-44Al-6Nb-1.2Cr alloy were identified under single- and multi-track exposures via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) for various process parameters. Under single-track exposure, the microstructure of the melt pool was divided into the band-like α2 phase in the melt pool boundary and β phase in the melt pool center. Numerical and thermodynamic simulations revealed that the underlying mechanism of phase separation was related to the variation in the cooling rate in the melt pool, whereas microsegregation induced a shift in the solidification path. Meanwhile, the crystallographic texture of the α2 phase region was identical to that of the substrate owing to the epitaxial growth of the β phase and subsequent α phase nucleation. In contrast, the β phase exhibited a ± 45° inclined <100> alignment in the melt pool, which was tilted to align along the build direction toward the center of the melt pool corresponding to the simulated thermal gradient direction. Furthermore, the narrow hatch space condition maintained the crystallographic texture to the subsequent scan, forming a continuous band-like α2 phase with a strong selection. However, the crystallographic texture in a wide hatch space condition manifested a random distribution and constituted a fine mixture of the β and α2 phases. For the first time, these results will offer an understanding of an anisotropic microstructure control via the L-PBF process and ensure the tailoring of the mechanical properties in the β-solidifying γ-TiAl-based alloys by approaching hatch spacing control.
Graphic Abstract
On the operator origins of classical and quantum wave functions
Authors: Arsiwalla Xerxes D. , Chester David , Kauffman Louis H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe investigate operator algebraic origins of the classical Koopman–von Neumann wave function $$\psi _{KvN}$$

ψ

KvN

as well as the quantum-mechanical one $$\psi _{QM}$$

ψ

QM

. We introduce a formalism of Operator Mechanics (OM) based on a noncommutative Poisson, symplectic, and noncommutative differential structures. OM serves as a pre-quantum algebra from which algebraic structures relevant to real-world classical and quantum mechanics follow. In particular, $$\psi _{KvN}$$

ψ

KvN

and $$\psi _{QM}$$

ψ

QM

are both consequences of this pre-quantum formalism. No a priori Hilbert space is needed. OM admits an algebraic notion of operator expectation values without invoking states. A phase space bundle $${{\mathcal {E}}}$$
E
follows from this. $$\psi _{KvN}$$

ψ

KvN

and $$\psi _{QM}$$

ψ

QM

are shown to be sections in $${{\mathcal {E}}}$$
E
. The difference between $$\psi _{KvN}$$

ψ

KvN

and $$\psi _{QM}$$

ψ

QM

originates from a quantization map interpreted as “twisting” of sections over $${{\mathcal {E}}}$$
E
. We also show that the Schrödinger equation is obtained from the Koopman–von Neumann equation. What this suggests is that neither the Schrödinger equation nor the quantum wave function are fundamental structures. Rather, they both originate from a pre-quantum operator algebra. Finally, we comment on how entanglement between these operators suggests emergence of space; and possible extensions of this formalism to field theories.