bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Access to cancer clinical trials for racialised older adults: an equity-focused rapid scoping review protocol
Authors: Li Vivian , Alibhai Shabbir M H , Noel Kenneth , Fazelzad Rouhi , Haase Kristin , Mariano Caroline , Durbano Sara , Sattar Schroder , Newton Lorelei , Dawe David , Bell Jennifer A , Hsu Tina , Wong Sabrina T , Lofters Aisha , Bender Jacqueline L , Manthorne Jackie , Puts Martine T E 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe intersection of race and older age compounds existing health disparities experienced by historically marginalised communities. Therefore, racialised older adults with cancer are more disadvantaged in their access to cancer clinical trials compared with age-matched counterparts. To determine what has already been published in this area, the rapid scoping review question are: what are the barriers, facilitators and potential solutions for enhancing access to cancer clinical trials among racialised older adults?MethodsWe will use a rapid scoping review methodology in which we follow the six-step framework of Arksey and O’Malley, including a systematic search of the literature with abstract and full-text screening to be conducted by two independent reviewers, data abstraction by one reviewer and verification by a second reviewer using an Excel data abstraction sheet. Articles focusing on persons aged 18 and over who identify as a racialised person with cancer, that describe therapies/therapeutic interventions/prevention/outcomes related to barriers, facilitators and solutions to enhancing access to and equity in cancer clinical trials will be eligible for inclusion in this rapid scoping review.Ethics and disseminationAll data will be extracted from published literature. Hence, ethical approval and patient informed consent are not required. The findings of the scoping review will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at international conferences.
Pair production of the singlet vector-like B quark at the CLIC
Authors: Han Jin-Zhong , Liu Yao-Bei , Xu Shi-Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVector-like quarks (VLQs) are a common feature of many scenarios of new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), which generally decay into a SM third-generation quark with a SM gauge boson or a Higgs boson. The presence of a new exotic decay mode of VLQs will reduce the branching ratios of these standard decay modes and thus relax the current mass exclusion limits from LHC experiments. Based on a model-independent framework, we investigate the prospect of discovering the pair production of the weak-singlet VLQ-B at the future 3-TeV Compact Linear Collider (CLIC), by focusing on the final states including one Z boson and four b-jets via two types of modes: $$Z\rightarrow \ell ^{+}\ell ^{-}$$

Z
→

ℓ
+

ℓ
-

and $$Z\rightarrow \nu {\bar{\nu }}$$

Z
→
ν

ν

¯

. By performing a rapid detector simulation of the signal and background events, and considering the initial state radiation and beamstrahlung effects, the exclusion limit at the 95% confidence level and the $$5\sigma $$

5
σ

discovery prospects are respectively obtained on the branching ratio of $$B\rightarrow bZ$$

B
→
b
Z

and the VLQ-B masses at the future 3-TeV CLIC with an integrated luminosity of 5 ab$$^{-1}$$

-
1

.
Fatty acid profile of black soldier fly larvae and frass as affected by different growing substrates
Authors: Addeo N.F. , Tucciarone I. , Bovera F. , Vozzo S. , Secci G. , Parisi G. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate how different food wastes used as growth substrates affected the lipid composition of Hermetia illucens larvae; the relationship among substrates, larvae, and frass fatty acid (FA) composition was studied. Six thousand five-day-old Hermetia illucens larvae were allotted to one of four different substrates named CTRL (a control substrate made of broiler feed), V50 + B50 (vegetable and butchery wastes, 1:1 ratio), V75 + B25 (vegetable and butchery wastes, 3:1 ratio), and V100 (entirely composed of vegetables). Lipids were extracted from substrates, larvae, and frass separately and the FAs were quantified. Saturated FAs (SFAs) prevailed in all the groups. The CTRL larvae had the highest SFA (64.3%), while the V100 and V50 + B50 larvae had the lowest percentages. The V100 frass recorded a significantly higher SFA value (44.8%) than the others. Lauric acid (C12:0) was high in CTRL (0.2%) and V100 (0.3%) substrates and amount at 7.6 and 9.6% in their correspondent frass, respectively. However, C12:0 content was higher in the CTRL larvae than in the V100 ones (36.7 and 24.5%, respectively), while it had an intermediate value (28.9%) in the V75 + B25 larvae. Finally, the n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) level was high in the V100 substrate and larvae but not in the V100 frass. The relationship between frass FAs and their correspondent amounts in substrates and larvae was significant for C12:0, C18:2n-6, MUFAs, and n-6 PUFAs. There was a positive relationship for C12:0 and MUFAs with both substrates and larvae, while for C18:2n-6 and n-6 PUFAs, the relationship was positive for substrates but negative for larvae. In conclusion, the V100 substrate appeared to be the most suitable treatment for rearing Hermetia illucens because of the positive effects on the fatty acid content of larvae (low SFA and high n-3 PUFA content) and frass (optimal lauric acid levels for fertilizers).
Impact of Wiberg Patellar Type on Outcomes and Survival Following Cell-Based Cartilage Repair for Patellar Chondral Lesions at Midterm Follow-up
Authors: Retzky Julia S. , Thacher Ryan R. , Palhares Guilherme H. , Gomoll Andreas H. , Strickland Sabrina M. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Cell-based cartilage repair procedures of the patellofemoral joint have less reliable outcomes than those of the tibiofemoral joint. No previous studies have evaluated the influence of patellar shape on cell-based cartilage repair outcomes. Patellar dysplasia may predispose patients to worse outcomes after cell-based cartilage repair. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Wiberg patellar type and outcomes after cell-based cartilage repair (autologous chondrocyte implantation or particulated juvenile allograft cartilage transplantation) for the treatment of patellar chondral lesions at a minimum 2-year follow-up. It was hypothesized that Wiberg classification of patellar shape would have no effect on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) or graft survival. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients undergoing autologous chondrocyte implantation or particulated juvenile allograft cartilage transplantation for full-thickness patellar chondral defects between 2016 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed after institutional review board approval. The change in PROMs, including International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Kujala, and Veterans RAND 12-item Health Survey Mental and Physical scores, from pre- to postoperatively and the percentage of patients who achieved the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for IKDC and Kujala scores were compared for the Wiberg type A versus Wiberg type B versus Wiberg type C groups. The log-rank test was used to evaluate for differences in survival between subgroups. Results: A total of 59 patients (63 knees) were included, with a mean age of 33.3 ± 8.6 years, median body mass index of 26.0 (IQR, 21.8-30.2), and median follow-up time of 3.5 years (IQR, 2.6-4.2 years). In total, 26 (41%) patellae were Wiberg type A, 29 (46%) were Wiberg type B, and 8 (13%) were Wiberg type C. There were no differences between Wiberg type A versus Wiberg type B versus Wiberg type C groups with respect to change in PROMs from pre- to postoperatively or the percentage of patients who achieved the MCID for IKDC or Kujala scores (P > .05 for all). There were no differences in survival between groups (P = .45). Conclusion: Wiberg patellar type has no effect on patient-reported outcomes or graft survival at midterm follow-up. Patellar dysplasia should not be seen as a contraindication for cell-based cartilage repair procedures.
Now they accept it, now they don’t: Acceptability judgements of nontypical multiword units in Russian as a native and a heritage language
Authors: Kessler Ruth , Perevozchikova Tatiana 
Published: January 2024

Aims/objectives/research questions: Heritage speakers have been shown to use multiword units, which merge structural elements of both their languages, which do not conform to the combinability patterns of the monolingual variety. However, it is not clear to what extent heritage speakers actually have the knowledge of the corresponding monolingual sequences. The present study on Russian heritage speakers in Germany addresses the question of whether heritage speakers have receptive knowledge of monolingual multiword units that they do not command in production. Design/methodology/approach: The study followes a mixed methods design by combining corpus and experimental methodology. Data/analyses: First, language production data of heritage speakers from two corpora were analysed for nontypical multiword units with prepositional phrases. In the second step, these nontypical multiword units as well as their typical monolingual equivalents served as test items in an acceptability judgement task performed by 53 Russian-German heritage speakers and 56 Russian native speakers. Findings/conclusions: The results show that heritage and native speakers rate nontypical multiword units as less acceptable than their monolingual equivalents. However, the acceptability of typical and the unacceptability of nontypical expressions were more salient for native speakers, whereas heritage speakers in many cases tended to equally accept typical and nontypical items. Acceptability ratings varied according to test items in both groups, but there was no overlap between nontypical multiword units most acceptable to monolinguals and those most acceptable to heritage speakers. Originality: Our paper applies an innovative mixed method approach in investigating the receptive knowledge of monoloigual multiword units in heritage speakers. Additionally, it is one of the first studies looking at the reactions of native spekaers to novel multiword units produced by heritage speakers. Implications: The findings support the idea of a unified multilingual construction, suggesting that heritage speakers do have some receptive knowledge of monolingual multiword units but this knowledge differs from that of monolingual speakers.
Evaluating a vertical nurse-led service in the integration of palliative care in a tertiary academic hospital
Authors: Krause Rene , Gwyther Liz , Olivier Jill 
Published: January 2024

Background: Groote Schuur Hospital is a large Academic Hospital in South Africa that is in the process of integrating palliative care (PC) via a vertical nurse-led doctor-supported (VNLDS) service that was initially established to deliver clinical care. PC integration should occur across multiple dimensions and may result in variable degrees of integration between levels of the healthcare system. This research evaluates the VNLDS through a theory-driven evaluation to describe how the service affected integration. Methods: A mixed-method sequential design consisting of a narrative literature review on the theory of integration and PC, retrospective quantitative data from a PC service delivery database, qualitative data from semi-structured interviews and document analyses. It was structured in three phases which assisted in confirming and expanding the data. Statistical analyses, deductive thematic coding and documentary analyses were conducted according to the conceptual framework of PC integration. Results: The PC integration process was facilitated in the following ways: (i) the service provided good clinical PC; (ii) it was able to integrate on a professional level into specific diseases, such as cancer but not in all diseases; (iii) developing organizational structures within the service and (iv) the observed benefit of good clinical care increased the value stakeholders assigned to PC, thereby driving the adoption of PC. However, there are still clinicians who do not refer to PC services. This gap in referral may be grounded in assumptions and misconceptions about PC, especially at the organizational level. Discussion: Observed PC service delivery is core to integrating PC across the healthcare system because it challenges normative barriers. However, the VNLDS could not achieve integration in leadership and governance, education and hospital-wide guidelines and policies. Whole system integration, foregrounding organizational commitment to PC excellence, is core to integrating PC. Conclusion: The VNLDS service has effectively linked PC in specific disease profiles and normalized the PC approach where healthcare workers observed the service. These integrational gaps may be grounded in assumptions and misconceptions about PC, especially at the organizational level.
The Role of Varied Sonographic Criteria for Predicting Treatment and Prognosis of Antenatal Hydronephrosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jafari Kosar , Abedi Seyed Mohammad , Jafari Sarouei Mahboubeh , Salehpour Seyedeh Mahsa , Hadinezhad Makrani Atekeh , Taji Marziyeh , Mohammadjafari Hamid 
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study aimed to compare the Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) guidelines, the anteroposterior pelvic diameter (APD), and the urinary tract dilation (UTD) classification criteria for predicting the prognosis of antenatal hydronephrosis (AH). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of the relationship among the three classification criteria and their contribution to the diagnosis and prognosis of possible AH in a cohort of neonates. Results: This study was a retrospective review of 290 neonates. The mean age was 16.4 ± 9.0 days, and 33% of the study population comprised female babies. An image review demonstrated that 35% of the patients had severe vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), 22% exhibited severe obstruction, 40% had transient hydronephrosis, and 9% required surgery. The antenatal SFU grading criteria demonstrated a significant relationship with severe obstruction, and the postnatal SFU grading was related to the severity of VUR. The highest sensitivity for the presence of VUR for surgical intervention was obtained for prenatal SFU-1 (100%). The highest specificity was for prenatal SFU-4 (96%) for the presence of VUR, prenatal SFU-4 (99%), and postnatal SFU-4 (94%) for surgical intervention. Conclusion: No reliable sonographic findings were found to predict VUR or severe ureteropelvic junction obstruction. The SFU grading during the postnatal period may predict VUR with low sensitivity and specificity. However, all three classification criteria contributed to the evaluation of the need for treatment in this cohort.
Small noncoding RNAs and sperm nuclear basic proteins reflect the environmental impact on germ cells
Authors: Ferrero Giulio , Festa Rosaria , Follia Laura , Lettieri Gennaro , Tarallo Sonia , Notari Tiziana , Giarra Antonella , Marinaro Carmela , Pardini Barbara , Marano Alessandra , Piaggeschi Giulia , Di Battista Carla , Trifuoggi Marco , Piscopo Marina , Montano Luigi , Naccarati Alessio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundMolecular techniques can complement conventional spermiogram analyses to provide new information on the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa and to identify early alterations due to environmental pollution.MethodsHere, we present a multilevel molecular profiling by small RNA sequencing and sperm nuclear basic protein analysis of male germ cells from 33 healthy young subjects residing in low and high-polluted areas.ResultsAlthough sperm motility and sperm concentration were comparable between samples from the two sites, those from the high-pollution area had a higher concentration of immature/immune cells, a lower protamine/histone ratio, a reduced ability of sperm nuclear basic proteins to protect DNA from oxidative damage, and an altered copper/zinc ratio in sperm. Sperm levels of 32 microRNAs involved in intraflagellar transport, oxidative stress response, and spermatogenesis were different between the two areas. In parallel, a decrease of Piwi-interacting RNA levels was observed in samples from the high-polluted area.ConclusionsThis comprehensive analysis provides new insights into pollution-driven epigenetic alterations in sperm not detectable by spermiogram.Graphical Abstract
Defense Responses of Different Rice Varieties Affect Growth Performance and Food Utilization of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Larvae
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Xu Hongxing , Yang Yajun , Sun Tianyi , Ullah Farman , Zhu Pingyang , Lu Yanhui , Huang Jianlei , Wang Zhengliang , Lu Zhongxian , Guo Jiawen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée), is one of the most serious pests on rice. At present, chemical control is the main method for controlling this pest. However, the indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides has non-target effects and may cause environmental pollution. Besides, leaf curling behavior by C. medinalis may indirectly reduce the efficacy of chemical spray. Therefore, it is crucial to cultivate efficient rice varieties resistant to this pest. Previous studies have found that three different rice varieties, Zhongzao39 (ZZ39), Xiushui134 (XS134), and Yongyou1540 (YY1540), had varying degrees of infestation by C. medinalis. However, it is currently unclear whether the reason for this difference is related to the difference in defense ability of the three rice varieties against the infestation of C. medinalis. To explore this issue, the current study investigated the effects of three rice varieties on the growth performance and food utilization capability of the 4th instar C. medinalis. Further, it elucidated the differences in defense responses among different rice varieties based on the differences in leaf physiological and biochemical indicators and their impact on population occurrence. The results showed that the larval survival rate was the lowest, and the development period was significantly prolonged after feeding on YY1540. This was not related to the differences in leaf wax, pigments, and nutritional components among the three rice varieties nor to the feeding preferences of the larvae. The rate of superoxide anion production, hydrogen peroxide content, and the activity of three protective enzymes were negatively correlated with larval survival rate, and they all showed the highest in YY1540 leaves. Compared to other tested varieties, although the larvae feeding on YY1540 had higher conversion efficiency of ingested food and lower relative consumption rate, their relative growth was faster, indicating stronger food utilization capability. However, they had a lower accumulation of protein. This suggests that different rice varieties had different levels of oxidative stress after infestation by C. medinalis. The defense response of YY1540 was more intense, which was not conducive to the development of the larvae population. These results will provide new insights into the interaction mechanism between different rice varieties and C. medinalis and provide a theoretical basis for cultivating rice varieties resistant to this pest.
Bioindication for Ecosystem Regeneration towards Natural conditions: the BERN data base and BERN model
Authors: Schlutow Angela , Kraft Philipp , Scheuschner Thomas , Schlutow Mark , Schröder Winfried 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe primary task of the BERN database is to document reference data on typical site parameters for the occurrence of plant communities in which their diagnostic species are in competitive equilibrium with each other and in homeostatic equilibrium with the site factors. Common approaches for the creation of a site-plant database such as ordination or bioindication based on individual species like PROPS or MultiMOVE model are of limited use because it is not possible to determine the potential occurrence of a plant species on the basis of site factors, since the competitive influences cannot be determined in advance according to current knowledge. Therefore, the BERN database takes into account the structure of plant communities with the abundance and dominance of species in the competitive equilibrium of plant communities as a reference for determining anthropogenically induced changes. Qualitative knowledge on the relationship between site types and vegetation communities is widely available, as can be seen from the extensive phytosociological publications. For this purpose, synoptic tables and their location descriptions of around 50,000 relevés were evaluated. The BERN database includes currently 887 central European plant communities and links to their diagnostically defining species composition. The database defines the niche of 2210 central European plant species for the soil properties pH, base saturation, carbon to nitrogen ratio, and wetness index and the climatic properties continentality, length of vegetation period, solar radiation and climatic water balance. The BERN model recombines the realised species niches that mainly form the competitively homeostatic structure of a plant community in order to determine the fundamental multifactorial niche of this community. The BERN database contains mainly historical recordings of more or less undisturbed sites. The BERN model (Bioindication for Ecosystem Regeneration towards Natural conditions) as an application module of the BERN database was developed to integrate ecological cause-effect relationships into studies on environmental status assessment and forecasting. The BERN database now has been published for the first time. The methodology of creating the BERN database and the BERN model are documented and applications are demonstrated with examples. The freely available database should invite you to supplement and modify it.