bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Planetary Child Health &amp; Enterics Observatory (Plan-EO): a protocol for an interdisciplinary research initiative and web-based dashboard for mapping enteric infectious diseases and their risk factors and interventions in LMICs
Authors: Colston Josh M. , Chernyavskiy Pavel , Gardner Lauren , Nong Malena , Fang Bin , Houpt Eric , Swarup Samarth , Badr Hamada , Zaitchik Benjamin , Lakshmi Venkataraman , Kosek Margaret 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea remains a leading cause of childhood illness throughout the world that is increasing due to climate change and is caused by various species of ecologically sensitive pathogens. The emerging Planetary Health movement emphasizes the interdependence of human health with natural systems, and much of its focus has been on infectious diseases and their interactions with environmental and human processes. Meanwhile, the era of big data has engendered a public appetite for interactive web-based dashboards for infectious diseases. However, enteric infectious diseases have been largely overlooked by these developments.
Methods: The Planetary Child Health and Enterics Observatory (Plan-EO) is a new initiative that builds on existing partnerships between epidemiologists, climatologists, bioinformaticians, and hydrologists as well as investigators in numerous low- and middle-income countries. Its objective is to provide the research and stakeholder community with an evidence base for the geographical targeting of enteropathogen-specific child health interventions such as novel vaccines. The initiative will produce, curate, and disseminate spatial data products relating to the distribution of enteric pathogens and their environmental and sociodemographic determinants.
Discussion: As climate change accelerates there is an urgent need for etiology-specific estimates of diarrheal disease burden at high spatiotemporal resolution. Plan-EO aims to address key challenges and knowledge gaps by making rigorously obtained, generalizable disease burden estimates freely available and accessible to the research and stakeholder communities. Pre-processed environmental and EO-derived spatial data products will be housed, continually updated, and made publicly available to the research and stakeholder communities both within the webpage itself and for download. These inputs can then be used to identify and target priority populations living in transmission hotspots and for decision-making, scenario-planning, and disease burden projection.
Study registration: PROSPERO protocol #CRD42023384709
Fully 3D Printed Biodegradable, Wireless, and Smart Bioimplants with Voxelated Semiconductor
Authors: Kang Seung-Kyun , Lee Ju-Yong , Jeon Jooik , Park Joo-Hyeon , Kang Se-Hun , Park Yea-seol , Chae Min-Sung , Han Jieun , Kim Kyung-Sub , Lee Jae-Hwan , Choi Sung-Geun , Park Sun-Young , Kim Young-Seo , Kim Yoon-Nam , Lee Seung Min , Choi Myung-Kyun , Moon Jun Min , Kim Joon-Woo , Seol Seung Kwon , Kim Jeonghyun , Koo Jahyun , Kim Ju-Young , Kim Woo-Byoung , Lee Kang-Sik , Hyun Jung Keun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
2D lithography based rigid main body with lead or structurally deformable thin-film-electronics face challenges in advanced implantable devices applications for variable target organs or tissues with complex architectures and 3D tubular morphology. 3D electronic printing emerges as a promising avenue, allowing adaptable, tailored designs for individuals within 3D structural supports. This study developed 3D-printable biodegradable electronic inks capable of printing conductor, dielectric, semiconductor, and frame materials and enabling multi-material integration for essential circuit elements within the single printing system. Notably, the direct stacking of semiconductors as building blocks was possible by room temperature conductivity enhancement and energy alignment strategy. Also the ink is composed of a thermoplastic homogeneous matrix for seamless integration. Based on the study, the ability to print solely functional electronic devices while integrating all-in-one process was verified by demonstrating the in vivo operability of tube-shaped wireless stimulators and their therapeutic efficacy in nerve recovery. The devices were lead-free, customizable to the target tissue, and remotely controlled with uniform pulses. Further advancements are proposed for 3D embedding, free-surface printing, and diverse sensor applications, highlighting the potential of 3D-printing in advancing implantable electronics.
A numerical model of microplastic transport for fluvial systems in the land-sea continuum
Authors: Armitage John Joseph , Rohais Sébastien 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Rivers are the primary pathway of microplastic pollution from source to the eventual sink in the marine environment. However, like sediments, microplastic will become trapped within the fluvial system as it makes its way from source-to-sink. There is therefore the potential that rivers are an important reservoir of microplastic pollution globally. To explore the transport of microplastic through the fluvial system we develop a reduced complexity model of microplastic erosion, transport, and deposition that builds on methods developed for the transport of sediment. We apply this model to the river Têt, where there has been punctual monitoring of the flux of microplastic at the outlet. We find that the reduced complexity model captures the observed quantity of microplastic under reasonable assumptions of the relationship between microplastic sources and population density. The model that best matches observed fluxes of microplastic at the outlet of the Têt river requires between 1 and 10 ppm volume concentration of microplasitc per 200×200 m in the top half a meter of soil. This concentration of microplastic then travels within the river network with a settling velocity of between 10-4 and 10-6 m/sec. The model results imply that a large proportion of microplastic will become entrained within the sediments along the fluvial system. This model is a first step in assessing where to sample for microplastic pollution within river networks and points to regions susceptible to microplastic pollution.
Envirotyping within a multi-environment trial allowed identifying genetic determinants of winter oilseed rape yield plasticity
Authors: CORLOUER Erwan , SAUVAGE Christopher , LEVEUGLE Magalie , NESI Nathalie , Laperche Anne 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

A main challenge for rapeseed consists in maintaining seed yield while adapting to climate changes and contributing to environmental-friendly cropping systems. Breeding for plasticity and cultivar adaptation is one of the keys to meet this challenge. Genetic diversity for plasticity is the expression of Genotype x environment interaction. Therefore, we propose to identify the genetic determinant of seed yield G×E interaction for winter oilseed rape using GWAS coupled with a multi-environmental trial and to interpret them in the light of environmental characteristics. Thanks to a comprehensive characterization of a multi-environmental trial using 79 indicators, 4 contrasting envirotypes were defined and used to identify interactive and stable seed yield (SY) QTL. A total of four QTL were detected for SY, among which, QA09 and QC09a, were stable (detected at the multi-environmental trial scale or for different envirotypes and environments); and one, QA07a, was specifically detected into the most stressed envirotype. The analysis of the molecular diversity at QA07a showed a lack of genetic diversity within modern lines compared to older cultivars bred before the selection for low glucosinolate content. The results were discussed in comparison to other studies and methods as well as in the context of breeding programs.
Marker-Assisted Introgression of the ‘Co14’ Gene to Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaries L.) against Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum)
Authors: Ebrahim Muhammed Sitote , Bisetegn Kassahun Bantte , RezeneTedla Yayis 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Bean anthracnose is one of the major constraints on the production of common bean plants in Ethiopia. This study aimed to introgress the Co14 R gene and creates parental bean cultivars with desirable traits as potential sources of resistance genes in breeding programs. Marker-assisted backcross breeding was used to introgress the Co14 R gene tagged with the CV542014 marker from the donor parent (KT-RWA77) to the recurrent parent (KT-IBMV4). Progenies in each generation were selected using a sequence tag site marker (CV542014). An experiment was conducted using parental lines, eight BC2F2 isolines, and two released varieties along with three anthracnose races (2047, 1716, and 2342) for phenotypic evaluation of isolines against anthracnose pathogens. The experiment was conducted using a factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The collected data were analysed using SAS 9.3 software. After genotypic selection, five BC2F2 plants were identified as introgressing lines for the anthracnose R gene from crosses between KT-IBMV4 and KT-RWA77 via marker-assisted selection. The results indicated that the anthracnose R gene (Co14) was successfully introgressed and traced with MAS. Again, analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant differences (p < 0.001) among the BC2F2 lines, races, and their interactions. Among the lines, four BC2F2 lines (Plant-3, Plant-5, Plant-9, and Plant-15) exhibited the lowest mean severity of the three tested races compared with the other lines. The BC2F2 lines, specifically plant-3 and plant-15, were selected for resistance to anthracnose and for the presence of the Co14 marker. The two BC2F2 lines Plant-3 and Plant-15 could be recommended as sources of resistance to anthracnose disease. However, the remaining two BC2F2 lines, viz. Plant-5 and Plant-9 had resistance reactions to anthracnose disease and were recommended for production after verification where anthracnose disease is widely distributed. Generally, the identified lines are used as parental materials for the next backcrossing program.
Population Knowledge and Perceived Risks on Heart Disease Among Cameroonians’ Adults in Yaounde
Authors: Arnaud Kouomogne Nteungue Boris , Im Hyea Bin , Alphonse Acho , Myriam Ambomo Sylvie , Oyono Yannick , Brecht Bertolt , Ndougou Dieudonnée Reine , Nteungue Bertolt Brecht Kouam , Han Doong Woon , Tandi Tinyami Erick 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease is a major leading cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and Cameroon. This burden is rooted by major modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors that have not been intensively investigated among these populations. This study aimed to determine the levels of knowledge and awareness of heart disease amongst adults within the capital city of Cameroon.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted by administering a semi-structured questionnaire among 468 Cameroonian aged 25–64 years. egression models were used to identify significant predictors of respondent’s knowledge and awareness, perceived risk and self-efficacy to heart disease.
Results
38.5% (180 out of 468) of respondents had a good level of knowledge on heart disease. High blood pressure, stress, smoking, being overweight, lack of physical exercise, alcohol, family history of heart disease, high cholesterol and aging were identified as risk factors. Respondents were aware of heart disease 378(81%), reported having two or more risk factors 345(74%), perceived themselves at high risk to heart disease 339(72.4%) and had a high efficacy to reduce their risk of heart disease 397(86%). Male gender (OR 1.4: 1.01–2, p = 0.032), being aware of heart disease (OR 1.62: 1–2.5, p = 0.032), college education (OR 2.7: 1.5–6.2, p = 0.021), high perceived susceptibility (OR 1.7: 1.2–2.7, p = 0.018) and having no risk factors (OR 2.7: 1.3–5.6, p = 0.01) predicted good knowledge of heart disease.
Conclusion
Educational programs aiming at increasing the awareness and translating knowledge into effective actions among populations should be empowered and strengthened based on the influencing predictors.
One Case of Direct Evidence’s peripheral ulcerative keratitis with Tuberculosis
Authors: Gong Yajie , Huang keke , Huang Jun , Wang Shuang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Compared with intraocular tuberculosis (TB), ocular tuberculosis (OTB) with ocular surface involvement is rare. Corneal involvement in OTB can be characterized by interstitial keratitis or peripheral ulcer-ative keratitis(PUK). We report a case of PUK with direct basis as the sign of tuberculosis. The corneal ulcer scraping was performed and mycobacterium TB DNA polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was positive.After a month of oral anti tuberculosis treatment, the corneal ulcer was completely controlled.
Research on metal flow line control and mechanical anisotropy of M50 steel eccentric ball bearing ring
Authors: Jiang Hongwei , Shi Huinan , Yu Guangning , Wang Huimin , Shan Debin , Zong Yingying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, considering the metal flow lines distribution of the machined parts, a kind of eccentric ball bearing ring with metal flow lines distribution according to its contour was obtained via a high height diameter ratio bar and insufficient lubrication. Furthermore, the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of bearing rings after spheroidizing annealing and quenched-tempered treatment was analyzed and compared using metallographic microscope and electron microscopy. Results show that the spheroidized annealed and quenched-tempered process cannot play a role in the refinement and dissolution of the primary carbides. The metal flow line was the main reason for the obvious mechanical anisotropy. In three related directions, the mechanical properties of the axial and circumferential directions (along the metal flow lines) are significantly better than those of the radial direction. The rapid propagation of microcracks along a carbide band is the reason for the poor mechanical properties when loading perpendicular to the metal flow line. The radial specimen after quenching and tempering exhibits a brittle fracture mode. but the axial and radial specimens exhibit quasi cleavage fracture mode.
Impact of macronutrients intake on glycemic homeostasis of preterm infants : evidence from continuous glucose monitoring
Authors: Guiducci Silvia , Res Giulia , Bonadies Luca , Savio Federica , Brigadoi Sabrina , Priante Elena , Trevisanuto Daniele , Baraldi Eugenio , Galderisi Alfonso 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Nutritional intake could influence blood glucose profile during early life of preterm infants. We investigated the impact of macronutrient’s intake, on glycemic homeostasis using continuous glucose monitoring(CGM).
Methods
We analyzed macronutrients intake in infants born ≤ 32 weeks gestational age (GA) and/or with birth weight ≤ 1500g enrolled. CGM was started within 48 hours of birth and maintained for 5 days. Hypoglycemia was defined as sensor glucose < 4mmol/L, hyperglycemia > 8 mmol/L.
Results
Data from 30 participants were included[age 29.9weeks(29.1; 31.2), birthweight 1230.5g(1040.0; 1458.6)]. A reduced time in hypoglycemia was associated to higher amino acids intake(p = 0.011) while increased exposure to hyperglycemia was observed in presence of higher lipids intake(p = 0.031). The birthweight was the strongest determinant of neonatal glucose profile with an inverse relationship between the time spent in hyperglycemia and birthweight (p = 0.007).
Conclusions
CGM allowed, for the first time, to describe the relationship between macronutrient’s intake and glycemic homeostasis in preterm infants.
Superior Performance of Artificial Intelligence Models in English Compared to Arabic in Infectious Disease Queries
Authors: Sallam Malik , Al-Mahzoum Kholoud , Alshuaib Omaima , Alhajri Hawajer , Alotaibi Fatmah , Alkhurainej Dalal , Al-Balwah Mohammad Yahya , Barakat Muna , Egger Jan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Assessment of artificial intelligence (AI)-based models across languages is crucial to ensure equitable access and accuracy of information in multilingual contexts. This study aimed to compare AI model efficiency in English and Arabic for infectious disease queries.
Methods
The study employed the METRICS checklist for the design and reporting of AI-based studies in healthcare. The AI models tested included ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4, Bing, and Bard. The queries comprised 15 questions on HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, COVID-19, and influenza. The AI-generated content was assessed by two bilingual experts using the validated CLEAR tool.
Results
In comparing AI models' performance in English and Arabic for infectious disease queries, variability was noted. English queries showed consistently superior performance, with Bard leading, followed by Bing, ChatGPT-4, and ChatGPT-3.5 (P = .012). The same trend was observed in Arabic, albeit without statistical significance (P = .082). Stratified analysis revealed higher scores for English in most CLEAR components, notably in completeness, accuracy, appropriateness, and relevance, especially with ChatGPT-3.5 and Bard. Across the five infectious disease topics, English outperformed Arabic, except for flu queries in Bing and Bard. The four AI models' performance in English was rated as “excellent”, significantly outperforming their “above-average” Arabic counterparts (P = .002).
Conclusions
Disparity in AI model performance was noticed between English and Arabic in response to infectious disease queries. This language variation can negatively impact the quality of health content delivered by AI models among native speakers of Arabic. This issue is recommended to be addressed by AI developers, with the ultimate goal of enhancing health outcomes.
Do study habits affect our academic achievement? Multi-centric cross-sectional study
Authors: M.Bakre Hatem , Abdelmgied M. A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aim:
Medicine has a huge data to be consumed and a long road to be taken until graduation, so medical students need the fastest and most effective study routine to save a lot of time and get higher grades. Studying the pattern which medical students with high academic achievement follow, will provide recommendations for other students to follow. We looked for an association between study habits and skills with academic achievement in medical school.
Subject and Methods:
A questionnaire was distributed online platforms targeting medical students at Aswan university and Assuit university. A total 382 students were targeted for the questionnaire from the 1st to 6th academic years.
Results:
There was a significant difference regarding total domain score between students with excellence grade and others with lower grade (M=121.5691, SD=18.88244);p=.001.
Conclusion:
The study found an association between study habits and academic achievement. Training programs can be established based on results of questionnaires like this one.
Assessment of relational empathy with simulated patients: adaptation and validation of a new instrument
Authors: Brotons Pedro , Virumbrales Montserrat , Castellvi Pere , Martinez Xavier , Diaz Sandra , Balaguer Albert 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Empathy is a crucial competence in the doctor-patient relationship that can be trained to enhance health outcomes. The Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) measure assists patients in evaluating empathy of health care professionals. While the CARE measure has received extensive validation for application in primary and specialty care in diverse languages, no version has been adapted and validated for use in simulation contexts. This study aimed at adapting and validating a CARE measure for simulated patients (Sp-SIMCARE).
Methods: The contextual adaptation to simulation contexts was completed in four phases by a panel of five experts, in collaboration with five simulated patients to ensure clarity, relevance, and equivalence in language and content: 1) preparation of a preliminary contextual adaptation proposal; 2) first version drafting; 3) pilot evaluation of the first version with simulated patients; and 4) review and refinement of the Sp-SIMCARE final version. The validation of the new measure was conducted on typical primary care scenarios with simulated patients evaluating performance of undergraduate medical students at the International University of Catalunya (Barcelona, ​​Spain). Simulated patients adopted four prototypical primary care patient roles: a) acute; b) chronic; c) with a high functional component; and d) difficult to deal with. The newly developed scale underwent analysis for convergent validity, acceptability and face validity, homogeneity, and internal reliability.
Results: The adaptation process ensured that the content of the Sp-SIMCARE scale was unambiguous, relevant, and presented in a comprehensive manner, with uniform meanings for all users. Validation was performed via 270 interviews involving 95 students (mean age, 23 years; 62.2% females). The final version demonstrated satisfactory convergent validity (Spearman's rho coefficient of 0.730; p < 0.001), high acceptability and face validity (proportion of ‘Does not apply’ responses/missing values at 1.96%), and strong homogeneity (corrected item-total correlations in the range 0.705 to 0.865), and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.960).
Conclusions: The Sp-SIMCARE measure proved to be psychometrically valid and reliable for simulated patients to evaluate undergraduate medical students. The use of this tool could potentially assist in the design and implementation of interventions aimed at fostering empathy in future doctors throughout their training.
The Effect of Bacteria on Uranium Sequestration Stability by Different Forms of Phosphorus
Authors: Tan Wenfa , Deng Zhiwen , Cun Jinzhi , Lv Junwen , Tang Dongshan , Li Jiaxiang , Pang Chao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Immobilization of uranium (VI) via uranium-phosphate (U-P) precipitation exhibits a great potential in remediation of uranium in contaminated environments. However, phosphorus as a vital element of bacteria, the decomposition, absorption and transformation of phosphorus may affect the stability of uranium with aging time. The main purpose of this work is to study the effect of bacteria on uranium sequestration mechanism and stability by different forms of phosphorus in a water sedimentary system. The results showed that addition of phosphate effectively enhanced uranium removal rate, with the highest removal rate of 99.84%. According to the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS) analyses, the fugitive positions of phosphorus and uranium elements remained essentially the same on the sediment surface, meanwhile the appearance of more pronounced phosphorus and uranium signal peaks confirmed the existence of U-P precipitates. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses imply that hexavalent uranium and tetravalent uranium co-exist in the precipitate. Combined with BCR results, bacteria and phosphorushave a synergistic effect on uranium immobilization, although there will be a small part of uranium release due to the action of bacteria with the extension of time. Collectively, the results demonstrated that bacteria and phosphorus could effectively mediate U-P precipitates, realizing the transformation and immobilization of uranium from a transferable phase to a stable phase. The experimental findings could provide theoretical evidence for uranium immobilization in uranium-contaminated groundwater sediment.