bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and evaluation of seed treatments for alternative control methods
Authors: Oksel Cansu , Aktepe Benian Pinar , Mirik Mustafa , Aysan Yesim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The seed-borne bacterial disease black rot is caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is one of the economically important diseases of cruciferous plants worldwide. Seed treatments are commonly referred to as control seed-borne diseases. This study objected to identifying black rot disease based on biochemical and MALDI-TOF MS and management using several seed treatments on cabbage. Seed treatments including plant essential oils (Thymus vulgaris, Syzgium aromaticum, and Citrus sinensis) and experimental biocontrol agents such as fluorescence Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas chloropsis, Bacillus sp., Bacillus subtilis selected from an in vitro assay, and hot water treatment were evaluated in separate growth chamber assays. Non-treated, Xcc inoculated seeds and non-treated, non-inoculated cabbage seeds (Brassica oleracea) served as controls. According to in-vitro assay results, essential oils at several rates, and biocontrol agents were screened. Also, seeds were exposed to hot water treatment at different temperatures and durations. The result showed that seed treatment at 50 0C for 30 min significantly reduced black rot incidence (80.67%) on cabbage cotyledon leaves compared to the non-treated, inoculated control. Seed treatments with Bacillus subtilis and, with Thymus vulgaris at 62.50 µl/ml essential oil significantly decreased the number of disease seedlings (94.68% and 85.34%, respectively). The present study has shown that all applications were effective as a seed treatment protecting the seedlings from black rot disease.
Can Pulse Rate Variability be used to monitor compliance with a breath pacer?
Authors: Sokolovskiy Sergey , Arroyo Dahyana , Paul Hansma 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Slow paced breathing has been demonstrated to provide significant health benefits for a person's health, and, during breathing sessions, it is desirable to monitor that a person is actually compliant with the breath pacer. We explore the potential use of pulse rate variability to monitor compliance with a breath pacer during meditation sessions. The study involved 6 human subjects each participating in 2–3 trials, where they are asked to follow or not to follow the breath pacer, where we collected data on how the magnitude of pulse rate variability changed. Two methods, logistic regression and a running standard deviation technique, were developed to detect non-compliance with the breath pacer based on pulse rate variability metrics. Results indicate that using pulse rate variability alone may not reliably detect non-compliance with the breath pacer. Both models exhibited limitations in terms of false positives and false negatives, with accuracy ranging from 67–65%. Existing methods involving visual, audio, and motion signals currently perform better for monitoring compliance with the breath pacer.
Simulation of particles motion, deposition and loading in a channel with two built in square obstacles by Homogenized Lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Goharrizi Ataallah Soltani 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Loading of particles occurs in some industries and nature, such as slurry flow, aeolian landforms and also in filters. It can cause some difficulty in normal operation of devices and systems. Therefore, its study is necessary. In this research the motion, rolling, deposition and loading of some particle in a Poiseuille flow channel with two built in square blocks are simulated in details. For validation two neutrally buoyant particles movement were simulated and those trajectory and equilibrium positions were compared with the pervious works. A good agreement between them was observed. Next some particles at the inlet of a channel with two obstacles were released under a Poiseuille flow. The trajectory of particles specially when those are in the position near the deposition, and also those rotational angles were obtained. It is seen that when the particle collides to the blocks walls, they suddenly change the rotational direction. Also, it is seen that the particles near the deposition when trapped between the other particles continue those movements with zigzag, roundtrip, rise and fall until they stop. It is observed that the most loading of particles between two blocks occurs for particles with medium density. Also, it is seen that the particles travel the most length of their path by sliding.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Laparoscopic Managed Ectopic Pregnancies at a Tertiary Referral Hospital. A 10-year Synopsis. A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mutiso Steve Kyende , Mugambi Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
Ectopic pregnancies (EP) are a common pregnancy associated complication. They are associated with significant morbidity and rarely mortality if not managed properly. EP have a myriad of predisposing factors that help identify patients at risk and facilitate early diagnosis and intervention. We set out to conduct an audit of EP managed surgically at our hospital for a 10-year period and discern the incidence, prevalence and risk factors of their occurrence.
Methods:
This study was designed as a Retrospective Clinical Audit based at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH). Study population was all women admitted to AKUH with a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy that was surgically managed between the period of January 1st 2011 to December 31st 2020. Analysis of data was done against a pre-set checklist. Descriptive statistics for continuous variables was calculated and tabulated in graphs and tables. SPSS version 22 was used for analysis of data.
Results:
A total of 347 patient files were recruited in the study. The hospital-based incidence rate of surgically managed ectopic pregnancies was 1.78 per 100 live births between 2011 and 2020 as calculated against hospital delivery statistics in the period. There was a significant rise in surgically managed EP in the hospital per year with 26.6 cases/year prior to 2016 and 42.8 cases/year after 2016. 71.8% (n = 249) of the patients were below the age of 35 years while 28.2% (n = 98) were above the age of 35 years. 70.5% of women with an EP did not have any identifiable risk factors. 7.8% had previous tubal surgery for an EP. 7.5% of the participants had previous pelvic inflammatory disease or a positive Chlamydia Trachomatis infection. 6.6% of women mentioned current IUD use while 0.9% had antecedent EC use. 3.9% were on follow up for infertility or reported EPL and 2.4% had multiple factors. Only 0.3% of patients reported smoking.
Conclusion:
The present study outlines the higher incidence of surgically managed ectopic pregnancies in our population. Furthermore, we explored predisposing factors to EP which mostly mimic the pattern and occurrence in other populations. This study forms the index study in a series of 4 publications that look at the pattern of surgically managed EP with the last study outlining the cost effectiveness of surgical management.
Association between social determinants of health and hearing loss: A cross-sectional study of South African children
Authors: Phanguphangu Mukovhe , Ross Andrew John , Smythe Tracey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Approximately 34 million children younger than 15 years have hearing loss worldwide. There is strong and growing evidence of associations between social determinants of health, non-medical factors that influence health outcomes, and disability in general. However, little is known about the social determinants of health and hearing loss in children. We therefore examined parental socioeconomic status (education level, employment status and income level), non-medical determinants of health (rurality, housing, type of toilet, availability of clean drinking water, exposure to cigarette smoke) and hearing loss in children.
Methods
We used data from a cross-sectional survey conducted between July and December 2022 involving 517 children who underwent hearing testing in South Africa. Sociodemographic data were collected from each participant. Data were analysed using Stata (version 18). Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to test for the association between hearing loss and exposure variables, i.e., non-medical determinants of health and parental socioeconomic status. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to ascertain the odds of hearing loss with exposure variables. Additionally, a two-tailed Student’s t-test was calculated to assess the potential differences in means between groups with respect to exposure variables, with the significance level set at ≤ 0.05.
Results
Hearing loss was diagnosed in 102 participants (20%), including 57 (56%) females. Exposure to cigarette smoking was associated with hearing loss (OR:3.5; 95%CI:2.2–5.5, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, and cigarette smoking exposure, staying in a mud-house (OR:2.1, 95%CI:1.4–3.3), lack of clean drinking water (OR:2.2, 95%CI:1.4–3.5; P < 0.001), using pit latrines (OR:5.0, 95%CI:2.1–12.1; P < 0.001), parental unemployment (OR:1.6; 95%CI:1.0–2.6, P = 0.05), and having parents with an annual income <$2882 (OR:12.2, 95%CI:1.6–90.6; P = 0.01) or $2882-$8006 (OR:7.8, 95%CI:2.0–61.9; P = 0.05) were all associated with hearing loss.
Conclusions
Exposure to cigarette smoking, pit latrine use, lower parental income and lack of clean drinking water were all associated with increased odds of hearing loss. Public Health interventions and policies targeting these social determinants of health are recommended to reduce the burden of hearing loss. Additionally, research to understand the pathophysiology of hearing loss in children exposed to smoking or using pit latrines is recommended.
Predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting after cesarean section ： a nomogram model combined with gastric ultrasound
Authors: Liu Yingchao , Zhong Huohu , Huang Yuxin , Liu Yibin , He Hefan , Liao Yuewen , Liu Weifeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We aimed to explore the independent risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after caesarean section and to establish and validate a nomogram prediction model combined with gastric ultrasound. Clinical data from 116 patients were randomly divided into training (n = 87) and validation groups (n = 29). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse the risk factors for PONV after the caesarean section. Independent risk factors related to PONV were identified, and a nomogram model was established. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were employed to assess the predictive efficacy, accuracy, and clinical practicability of the model and internally verified. Twenty-four patients experienced PONV in the training group. Motion sickness history, a systolic blood pressure fall > 20%, and gastric volume were identified as independent PONV risk factors, which were used to construct a nomogram model. The area under the ROC curve values for predicting the training and validation groups were 0.813 and 0.738, respectively. DCA confirmed the clinical practicability and application. The nomogram model provides an intuitive and visual tool for rapid PONV risk assessment before a caesarean section, facilitating accurate, individualised perioperative management strategies and promoting rapid recovery.
Intraluminal oxygen can keep small bowel mucosa intact in a segmental ischemia model
Authors: Trentadue Guido , Mensink Peter , Kruse Claudius , Reszel Bernward , Kats-Ugurlu Gursah , Blokzijl Tjasso , Haveman Jan , Faber Klaas , Dijkstra Gerard , Hölscher Uvo , Kolkman Jeroen , Knichwitz Gisbert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background. Intestinal preservation for transplantation is accompanied by hypoperfusion with long periods of ischemia with total blood cessation and absolute withdrawal of oxygen leading to structural damage. The application of intraluminal oxygen has been successfully tested in small-animal series during storage and transport of the organ but have been so far clinically unrelatable. In this study, we tested whether a simple and clinically approachable method of intraluminal oxygen application could prevent ischemic damage in a large animal model, during warm ischemia time.
Methods. We utilised a local no-flow ischemia model of the small intestine in pigs. A low-flow and high-pressure intraluminal oxygen deliverance system was applied in 6 pigs and 6 pigs served as a control group. Mucosal histopathology, hypoxia and barrier markers were evaluated after two hours of no-flow conditions, in both treatment and sham groups, and in healthy tissue.
Results. Macro- and microscopically, the luminal oxygen delivered treatment group showed preserved small bowel’s appearance, viability, and mucosal integrity. A gradual deterioration of histopathology and barrier markers and increase in hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α expression towards the sites most distant from the oxygen application was observed.
Conclusions. Intraluminal low-flow, high oxygen delivery can preserve the intestinal mucosa during total ischemia of the small intestine. This finding can be incorporated in methods to overcome small bowel ischemia and improve intestinal preservation for transplantation.
A Machine Learning Algorithm for Detecting Abnormal Patterns in Continuous Capnography and Pulse Oximetry Monitoring
Authors: Spijkerboer Feline L. , Overdyk Frank J. , Dahan Albert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Continuous capnography monitors patient ventilation but can be susceptible to artifact, resulting in alarm fatigue. Development of smart algorithms may facilitate accurate detection of abnormal ventilation, allowing intervention before patient deterioration. The objective of this analysis was to use machine learning (ML) to classify combined waveforms of continuous capnography and pulse oximetry as normal or abnormal.
Methods: This analysis used data collected during the observational, prospective PRODIGY trial, in which patients receiving parenteral opioids underwent continuous capnography and pulse oximetry monitoring while on the general care floor [1]. Abnormal ventilation segments in the data stream were reviewed by nine experts and inter-rater agreement was assessed. Abnormal segments were defined as the time series 60sec before and 30sec after an abnormal pattern was detected. Normal segments (90sec continuous monitoring) were randomly sampled and filtered to discard sequences with missing values. Five ML models were trained on extracted features and optimized towards an Fβ score with β=2.
Results: The inter-rater agreement was high (>87%), allowing 7,858 sequences (2,944 abnormal) to be used for model development. Data were divided into 80% training and 20% test sequences. The XGBoost model had the highest Fβ score of 0.94 (with β=2), showcasing an impressive recall of 0.98 against a precision of 0.83.
Conclusions: This study presents a promising advancement in respiratory monitoring, focusing on reducing false alarms and enhancing accuracy of alarm systems. Our algorithm reliably distinguishes normal from abnormal waveforms. More research is needed to define patterns to distinguish abnormal ventilation from artifacts.
Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02811302, registered June 23, 2016
Measuring General Health Literacy in Chinese Adults: Validation of the HLS19-Q12 Instrument
Authors: Liu Rongmei , Zhao Qiuping , Yu Mingyang , Chen Hui , Yang Xiaomo , Liu Shuaibin , Okan Orkan , Chen Xinghan , Guo Shuaijun , Xing Yuhan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Health literacy measurement lays a solid foundation to identify associations with health outcomes and monitor population health literacy levels over time. In mainland China, most existing health literacy instruments are either knowledge-based or practice-based, making health literacy results incomparable between China and other countries. This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the 12-item Health Literacy Population Survey (HLS19-Q12) in a general population of Chinese adults.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit primary carers of students from 11 schools in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, using convenience cluster sampling. Participants completed an online self-administered survey that collected information on key sociodemographics, health literacy (HLS19-Q12 and a comparison tool: Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ)), and health-related outcomes. Using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist as a guideline, we tested internal consistency, test-retest reliability, content validity, structural validity, concurrent predictive validity, and convergent validity of the HLS19-Q12.
Results
Overall, 14184 participants completed the full survey, resulting in a response rate of 87.6% (14184/16187). The HLS19-Q12 showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.93), moderate test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient = 0.54), satisfactory content validity (based on the 12-matrix health literacy model), and strong structural validity (comparative fit index = 0.94, Tucker and Lewis’s index of fit = 0.93, root mean square error of approximation = 0.095). Concurrent predictive validity results showed health literacy was associated with both health determinants and health-related outcomes. The HLS19-Q12 had moderate to strong correlations (coefficients = 0.24 to 0.42) with the nine scales of the HLQ. Respondents had an average score of 81.6 (± 23.0) when using the HLS19-Q12, with 35.0% and 7.5% having problematic and inadequate levels of health literacy, respectively.
Conclusions
The HLS19-Q12 is a reliable and valid instrument to measure health literacy in general populations of adults in China. The HLS19-Q12 can be used as a comprehensive, skills-based, and easy-to-administer health literacy assessment tool integrated into population surveys and intervention evaluations. The percentage of Chinese adults who had problematic or inadequate levels of health literacy was comparable with that of European adults. Improving health literacy has the potential to improve population health and reduce health inequities.
Factors impacting clinical data and documentation quality in Australian aged care and disability services: A user-centred perspective
Authors: Tshering Gap , Troeung Lakkhina , Walton Rebecca , Martini Angelita 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Research has highlighted a need to improve the quality of clinical documentation and data within aged care and disability services in Australia to support improved regulatory reporting and ensure quality and safety of services. However, the specific causes of data quality issues within aged care and disability services and solutions for optimisation are not well understood.
Objectives: This study explored aged care and disability workforce (referred to as ‘users’) experiences and perceived root causes of clinical data quality issues at a large aged care and disability services provider in Western Australia, to inform optimisation solutions.
Methods: A purposive sample of n=135 participants comprising aged care, disability, (including community-based and residential-based), staff in clinical, care, administrative and/or management roles participated in user consultations. Data collection was undertaken through semi-structured interviews and web-based surveys. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis method, where themes and subthemes were derived.
Results: Eight overarching causes of data and documentation quality issues were identified: 1) staff-related challenges, 2) education and training, 3) external barriers, 4) operational guidelines and procedures, 5) organisational practices and culture, 6) technological infrastructure, 7) systems design limitations, and 8) systems configuration-related challenges.
Conclusion: The quality of clinical data and documentation within aged care and disability services is influenced by a complex interplay of internal and external factors. Coordinated and collaborative effort is required between service providers and the wider sector to identify behavioural and technical optimisation solutions to support safe and high-quality care and improved regulatory reporting.
Gravity Data Reveal Origin of Cryptomaria
Authors: Qiu Denggao , Sasaki Sho , Yan Jianguo , Wang Xianmin , Ye Mao , Deng Qingyun , Guo Xi , Fang Zhice , Li Fei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Incomplete studies exist on the identification and formation processes of lunar cryptomaria, which stand as crucial hubs of late lunar magma ocean activity and early volcanism, presenting a mystery in their orgin. Here, we show 29 delineated cryptomaria regions, based on remote sensing data. A thorough investigation of gravity anomalies within these proposed cryptomaria regions was undertaken. Through this analysis, we successfully identified and classified cryptomaria by integrating topographic features and chemical compositions. Our findings reveal that the formation of ancient cryptomaria is linked to large impact events. This establishes a clear correlation between impact events and the formation timeline and spatial distribution of cryptomaria. Older cryptomaria owe their existence to these impact events, while the younger cryptomaria is primarily located in the interiors and margins of maria, with their basalts originating from the lateral spread of these maria. Furthermore, the study of maria thickness remains a contentious subject, and we anticipate that forthcoming investigations, consolidating data from various sources, will ultimately resolve this matter.
Bioprospecting of Artemisia genus: from artemisinin to other potentially bioactive compounds
Authors: Negri Stefano , Pietrolucci Fabio , Andreatta Sebastiano , Njoku Ruth , Ramos Carolina Antunes Silva Nogueira , Crimi Massimo , Commisso Mauro , Guzzo Flavia , Avesani Linda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Species from genus Artemisia are widely distributed throughout temperate regions of the northern hemisphere and many cultures have a long-standing traditional use of these plants as herbal remedies, liquors, cosmetics, spices, etc. Nowadays, the discovery of new plant-derived products to be used as food supplements or drugs has been pushed by the exploitation of bioprospection approaches. Often driven by the knowledge derived from the ethnobotanical use of plants, bioprospection explores the existing biodiversity through integration of modern omics techniques with targeted bioactivity assays.
In this work we set up a bioprospection plan to investigate the phytochemical diversity and the potential bioactivity of five Artemisiaspecies with recognized ethnobotanical tradition (A. absinthium, A. alba, A. annua, A. verlotiorum and A. vulgaris), growing wild in the natural areas of the Verona province. We characterized the specialized metabolomes of the species (including sesquiterpenoids from the artemisinin biosynthesis pathway) through an LC-MS based untargeted approach and, in order to identify potential bioactive metabolites, we correlated their composition with the in vitro antioxidant activity. We propose as potential bioactive compounds several isomers of caffeoyl and feruloyl quinic acid esters (e.g. dicaffeoylquinic acids, feruloylquinic acids and caffeoylferuloylquinic acids), which strongly characterize the most antioxidant species A. verlotiorum and A. annua. Morevoer, in this study we report for the first time the occurrence of sesquiterpenoids from the artemisinin biosynthesis pathway in the species A. alba.