bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine HIV care and antiretroviral treatment outcomes in Kenya: A nationally representative analysis
Authors: Kimanga Davies O. , Makory Valeria N. B. , Hassan Amin S. , Ngari Faith , Ndisha Margaret M. , Muthoka Kennedy J. , Odero Lydia , Omoro Gonza O. , Aoko Appolonia , Ng’ang’a Lucy 
Published: November 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic adversely disrupted global health service delivery. We aimed to assess impact of the pandemic on same-day HIV diagnosis/ART initiation, six-months non-retention and initial virologic non-suppression (VnS) among individuals starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Kenya.

Methods
Individual-level longitudinal service delivery data were analysed. Random sampling of individuals aged >15 years starting ART between April 2018 –March 2021 was done. Date of ART initiation was stratified into pre-COVID-19 (April 2018 –March 2019 and April 2019 –March 2020) and COVID-19 (April 2020 –March 2021) periods. Mixed effects generalised linear, survival and logistic regression models were used to determine the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on same-day HIV diagnosis/ART initiation, six-months non-retention and VnS, respectively.

Results
Of 7,046 individuals sampled, 35.5%, 36.0% and 28.4% started ART during April 2018 –March 2019, April 2019 –March 2020 and April 2020 –March 2021, respectively. Compared to the pre-COVID-19 period, the COVID-19 period had higher same-day HIV diagnosis/ART initiation (adjusted risk ratio [95% CI]: 1.09 [1.04–1.13], p<0.001) and lower six-months non-retention (adjusted hazard ratio [95% CI]: 0.66 [0.58–0.74], p<0.001). Of those sampled, 3,296 (46.8%) had a viral load test done at a median 6.2 (IQR, 5.3–7.3) months after ART initiation. Compared to the pre-COVID-19 period, there was no significant difference in VnS during the COVID-19 period (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI]: 0.79 [95%% CI: 0.52–1.20], p = 0.264).

Conclusions
In the short term, the COVID-19 pandemic did not have an adverse impact on HIV care and treatment outcomes in Kenya. Timely, strategic and sustained COVID-19 response may have played a critical role in mitigating adverse effects of the pandemic and point towards maturity, versatility and resilience of the HIV program in Kenya. Continued monitoring to assess long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV care and treatment program in Kenya is warranted.
Understanding evidence and provision of services around social isolation and loneliness of military widow/ers: A scoping review
Authors: Johnson Amy , Moreland Mary , Kiernan Matthew D. , Collins Tracy , Wilson-Menzfeld Gemma 
Published: November 2023

Background
Whilst the uniqueness of loneliness and social isolation is now recognised for members of the Armed Forces Community, there is currently a lack of evidence examining these experiences within the Military Widow/er population. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to search and synthesise the current evidence base exploring experiences of loneliness and social isolation in this community.

Method
Six databases were searched; ASSIA; CINAHL; ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Global; PsycArticles; Medline; Web of Science. Any article type was included if they focused on UK or international Military Widows and loneliness and social isolation. In the absence of loneliness and social isolation, related aspects were included, for example, social support.

Results
A thematic synthesis was completed on the nine eligible papers, where key findings were coded and generated into four themes; Experiences of Loneliness and Social Isolation, The Uniqueness of the Military, Access to Social Support, and The Importance of Peer Support.

Conclusions
Evidence supports the need for military-specific support services with peers who recognise the individuals’ unique experiences of loneliness and social isolation. None of the available evidence focused specifically on social isolation, however this was often prevalent in the results. All of the studies were carried out in the USA and Israel, with none including the views of widowers. Further evidence is required, particularly relating to a UK-context.
Prevalence and socio-behavioral determinants of early childhood caries in children 1–5- year- old in Iran
Authors: Javadzadeh Ehsan , Razeghi Samaneh , Shamshiri Ahmadreza , Miri Hamid Heidarian , Moghaddam Fatemeh , Schroth Robert J. , Mohebbi Simin Z. 
Published: November 2023

AimAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), early childhood caries (ECC) is still considered a major global health problem despite the general improvement in oral health practice. This study aimed to assess ECC’s prevalence, severity, and key social and behavioral determinants in Iranian children 1–5- years of age.MethodThis cross-sectional study recruited Iranian 1–5-year-olds with a three-stage stratified clustered sampling method. After providing consent, parents were interviewed using a validated questionnaire, including questions on child characteristics and behavioral factors. Each child underwent a dental examination by one of four trained and calibrated dentists. Associations between key covariates of interest and primary outcome measures were assessed by multivariable logistic regression modeling and multivariate generalized negative binomial regression modeling after weightings were applied. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V25 and Stata V14.2 software packages. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe mean age of 909 participants was 41.1±1.2 months, 48.6% were male, and 38.1% lived in rural areas. The overall prevalence of ECC was 53.2% and mean dmft score was 2.7± 0.3. Key determinants associated with ECC included living rurally (p = 0.009, OR = 2.13), consuming sweet drinks, sugary snacks, or both [p-value = 0.02 (OR = 2.53), and p-value<0.001 (OR = 4.96), respectively], and visible plaque (p<0.001, OR = 3.41). Covariates associated with dmft scores included residing in rural regions (p = 0.02, IRR = 1.31), having both sugary snacks and sweet drinks (p = 0.02, IRR = 1.85) compared to those had none, and visible dental plaque (p<0.001, IRR = 2.06).ConclusionsThe prevalence of dental caries in children is high in Iran. The increase of ECC prevalence and severity from toddlers to preschoolers emphasizes on the critical importance of early interventions in toddlers. Improving access to care for rural children is essential along with the need to change dietary and self-care behaviors through multilevel efforts.
Process evaluation of the Invictus Pathways Program
Authors: Post Dannielle , Baker Amy , Milanese Steven , Freegard Suzana , Parfitt Gaynor 
Published: November 2023

Introduction
UniSA’s Invictus Pathways Program (IPP), a service program, was originally developed to assist veterans to train for and participate in the Invictus Games. More recently, the scope of the IPP has widened to support and improve wellbeing and facilitate post traumatic growth and recovery among participants who are living with physical and mental health injuries and conditions. This paper describes the components of the IPP and reports its process evaluation.

Methods
Underpinned by a pragmatic approach, data related to participant and student involvement in the IPP, the number of participant training sessions, session attendance, program activities and events, and program fidelity were compiled from process documentation that had been collected between 2017 and 2020, inclusive. Following ethics approval, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants of the IPP, members of their family support network, and university staff to understand the operations of the IPP and satisfaction with the program.

Findings
There was high fidelity for the student-led exercise training aspects of IPP; however, data collection relevant to participants’ psychological outcomes, and non-training IPP events and activities did not always occur as intended. Between 2017 and 2020, 53 veterans had participated in or were still participating in the IPP, and 63 allied health students had completed placements as student trainers. Fifty-three individual training sessions were delivered in 2017, increasing to 1,024 in 2020. Seventy-one interviews were completed with key IPP stakeholders. The qualitative analysis identified four higher order themes: Implementation and fidelity of the IPP, Satisfaction with the IPP, Areas of the IPP requiring improvement and suggestions for change, and Sustainability of the IPP. Satisfaction was generally high for the IPP, although there were factors that negatively impacted the experience for some participants and their family support network. Suggestions for improvement to program components and delivery aspects were made during the interviews, and the precariousness of IPP funding and sustainability was raised as an ongoing concern.

Conclusion
This process evaluation has demonstrated that the physical activity training components of the IPP were delivered with high levels of fidelity, and that satisfaction with the IPP is mostly high, although there are areas that could be improved. There is a need for a more structured approach to the ongoing evaluation of the IPP. This includes ensuring that program staff have a shared understanding of the purpose of evaluation activities and that these activities occur as intended. Beyond this is the need to secure funding to support the sustainability of the IPP, so that it can continue to contribute to the wellbeing of veterans living with physical and mental health conditions, and their families.
The feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of an app-based intervention (the Coping Camp) in reducing stress among Chinese school adolescents: A cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyun , Edirippulige Sisira , Jones Andrew , Bai Xuejun , Smith Anthony C. , Bambling Matthew 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the efficacies of the Coping Camp app in reducing stress, depression, and anxiety and improving stress-coping behaviours and mental health wellbeing. Additionally, feasibility and acceptability of Coping Camp were evaluated.MethodsIn this unblinded cluster RCT, 540 participants from two high schools in China were randomly assigned to the Coping Camp intervention (n = 6 classes; 275 students) or treatment as usual (n = 5 classes; 265 students) at the class level. Coping Camp was an automated self-help app, consisting of 11 sessions delivered over 11 weeks, with primary outcomes including perceived stress, depression, anxiety, stress-coping behaviours, and mental health well-being. All outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-intervention (11 weeks), and follow-up (19 weeks), with efficacy analysed using linear mixed models and feasibility/acceptability measured by a 5-point Likert scale and qualitative feedback.ResultsAt post-intervention and follow-up assessments, 75.4% and 81.7% of participants respectively attended. On average, participants logged in for 8.56 out of 11 sessions. Compared to the control group, the intervention group had significant reductions in levels of perceived stress (p = 0.01, d = 0.15 at T1; p < 0.001, d = 0.18 at T2), anxiety (p = 0.11; d = 0.08 at T1; p = 0.01; d = 0.13 at T2) and depression (p = 0.04, d = 0.11 at T1; p = 0.05, d = 0.10 at T2) but did not have a greater increase in stress-coping behaviours (p = 0.10 at T1; p = 0.97 at T2) or mental health wellbeing (p = 0.93 at T1; p = 0.08 at T2). The average ratings for each session were above 4, and qualitative feedback showed that most participants found the intervention to be “great,” “good,” and “useful.”ConclusionsThe Coping Camp is feasible, acceptable and effective in stress management among Chinese school adolescents.
Association between maternal high-risk fertility behaviour and perinatal mortality in Bangladesh: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Khan Md. Nuruzzaman , Harris Melissa L. 
Published: November 2023

Background
High-risk fertility behaviours including pregnancy early or late in the reproductive life course, higher parity and short birth intervals are ongoing concerns in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) such as Bangladesh. Although such factors have been identified as major risk factors for perinatal mortality, there has been a lack of progress in the area despite the implementation of the Millennium and Sustatinable Development Goals. We therefore explored the effects of high-risk maternal fertility behaviour on the occurrence of perinatal mortality in Bangladesh.

Methods
A total of 8,930 singleton pregnancies of seven or more months gestation were extracted from 2017/18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey for analysis. Perinatal mortality was the outcome variable (yes, no) and the primary exposure variable was high-risk fertility behaviour in the previous five years (yes, no). The association between the exposure and outcome variable was determined using a mixed-effect multilevel logistic regression model, adjusted for covariates.

Results
Forty-six percent of the total births that occurred in the five years preceding the survey were high-risk. After adjusting for potential confounders, a 1.87 times (aOR, 1.87, 95% CI, 1.61–2.14) higher odds of perinatal mortality was found among women with any high-risk fertility behaviour as compared to women having no high-risk fertility behaviours. The odds of perinatal mortality were also found to increase in line with an increasing number of high-risk behaviour. A 1.77 times (95% CI, 1.50–2.05) increase in odds of perinatal mortality was found among women with single high-risk fertility behaviour and a 2.30 times (95% CI, 1.96–2.64) increase in odds was found among women with multiple high-risk fertility behaviours compared to women with no high-risk fertility behaviour.

Conclusion
Women’s high-risk fertility behaviour is an important predictor of perinatal mortality in Bangladesh. Increased contraceptive use to allow appropriate birth spacing, educational interventions around the potential risks associated with high risk fertility behaviour (including short birth interval) in future pregnacies, and improved continuity of maternal healthcare service use among this population are required to improve birth outcomes in Bangladesh.
Telenursing implications for future education and practice: Nursing students’ perspectives and knowledge from a course on child health
Authors: Khraisat Omar Mohammad Ali , Al-Bashaireh Ahmad M. , Alnazly Eman 
Published: November 2023

Background
Technology advancements have altered the standard of nursing care, and education. This suggests the necessity to equip prospective nurses to provide competent care in a highly technical and digital environment via telenursing.

Aims
The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions and knowledge of nursing students about telenursing.

Methods
Using a descriptive cross-sectional design. A self-reported questionnaire was used. The distribution of 110 questionnaires to nursing students attending two private colleges in Jordan resulted in an 83.6% (n = 92) response rate. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied.

Results
The results showed a positive perception toward telenursing practice, as well as the difficulty in precisely defining telenursing. Age, internet usage patterns, and knowledge were all factors considered telenursing predictors. 32% of the variance was explained by the model. Telenursing would be beneficial for future nursing professionals by incorporating telenursing into the curriculum.

Conclusions
The learning environment is extends somewhat beyond the classroom, making it is necessary to integrate telenursing into education in order to redefine the future of the nursing practice.
Understanding health literacy of deaf persons with hypertension in South Korea: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Choi Gi Won , Chang Sun Ju , Kim Hee Jung , Jeong Ha Na 
Published: November 2023

Background
Health literacy is strongly associated with health inequality among persons with deafness, and hypertension (HTN) is the most prevalent chronic disease among persons with deafness in South Korea. Despite its importance, research regarding the health literacy levels of persons with deafness with HTN in South Korea is lacking. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the health literacy levels of persons with deafness with HTN in South Korea, including linguistic, functional, and internet health literacy.

Methods
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 95 persons with deafness with HTN were recruited through facilities associated with the deaf community. From August 2022 to February 2023, data were collected through face-to-face surveys attended by a sign language interpreter and online surveys. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation.

Results
Approximately 62.1% of the participants exhibited a linguistic health literacy level corresponding to less than that of middle school students, and the total percentage correct of functional health literacy was 17.9%. Each domain of internet health literacy was low. Significant correlations were found between some aspects of health literacy.

Conclusions
The study’s findings highlight the low health literacy levels across various facets among persons with deafness with HTN in South Korea. Based on these findings, several strategies are suggested for developing HTN self-management interventions for persons with deafness. This study contributes to the foundational understanding of health literacy among persons with deafness with HTN in South Korea and provides valuable insights and guidance for developing HTN self-management interventions.
EFEKTIVITAS E-COURT PERKARA PERDATA MASA PANDEMI DAN PASCAPANDEMI COVID-19 DI MAKASSAR
Authors: Handayani Dwi 
Published: November 2023

Perkembangan teknologi dan informasi membawa dampak pada lembaga peradilan yang mau tidak mau harus menyesuaikan peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2019. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan keefektifan penerapan E-Court masa pandemi dan pascapandemi Covid-19 di Pengadilan Negeri dan Pengadilan Agama Makassar. Pentingnya penelitian ini, sebagai bahan masukan untuk evaluasi kebijakan-kebijakan bidang peradilan yang lebih cepat, mudah dan efisien. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris dengan didukung data primer dan sekunder. Pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling dan selanjutnya data-data dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas penerapan e-Court di masa pandemi dan pascapandemi Covid-19 di Pengadilan Negeri dan Pengadilan Agama Makassar, sejak diberlakukannya PERMA Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 sangat efektif dan sesuai dengan kondisi saat ini.
Allergy: Evaluation of 16 years (2007–2022) results of the shared external quality assessment program in Belgium, Finland, Portugal and The Netherlands
Authors: Heron Michiel , Schreurs Marco W.J. , Haagen Inez-Anne , China Bernard , Faria Ana Paula , Vanhanen Anna-Riitta , Thelen Marc , Weykamp Cas W. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This paper evaluates 16 year results of the Allergy EQA program shared by EQA organisers in Belgium, Finland, Portugal, and The Netherlands.

Methods
The performance of Thermo Fisher and Siemens user groups (in terms of concordance between both groups, between laboratory CV, prevalence of clinically significant errors) and suitability of samples (stability and validity of dilution of patient samples) are evaluated using data of 192 samples in the EQA programs from 2007 to 2022. Measurands covered are total IgE, screens and mixes, specific IgE extracts and allergen components.

Results
There is perfect (53 %), acceptable (40 %) and poor (6 %) concordance between both method groups. In case of poor concordance the best fit with clinical data is seen for Thermo Fisher (56 %) and Siemens (26 %) respectively. The between laboratory CV evolves from 7.8 to 6.6 % (Thermo Fisher) and 7.3 to 7.7 % (Siemens). The prevalence of blunders by individual laboratories is stable for Siemens (0.4 %) and drops from 0.4 to 0.2 % for Thermo Fisher users. For IgE, the between year CV of the mean of both user groups is 1 %, and a fifteen-fold dilution of a patient sample has an impact of 2 and 4 % on the recovery of Thermo Fisher and Siemens user groups.

Conclusions
The analytical performance of Thermo Fisher is slightly better than that of Siemens users but the clinical impact of this difference is limited. Stability of the sample and the low impact of dilution on the recovery of measurands demonstrates the suitability for purpose of the EQA program.
A Posteriori Error Estimation for the Optimal Control of Time-Periodic Eddy Current Problems
Authors: Wolfmayr Monika 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This work presents the multiharmonic analysis and derivation of functional type a posteriori estimates of a distributed eddy current optimal control problem and its state equation in a time-periodic setting.
The existence and uniqueness of the solution of a weak space-time variational formulation for the optimality system and the forward problem are proved by deriving inf-sup and sup-sup conditions.
Using the inf-sup and sup-sup conditions, we derive guaranteed, sharp and fully computable bounds of the approximation error for the optimal control problem and the forward problem in the functional type a posteriori estimation framework.
We present here the first computational results on the derived estimates.
Retour sur l’arithmétique des intersections de deux quadriques
Authors: Colliot-Thélène Jean-Louis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Soit k un corps p-adique. On montre que toute intersection de deux quadriques dans l’espace projectif

ℙ
k
4

\mathbb{P}^{4}_{k}

contient un point sur une extension quadratique, ce qui généralise un résultat de Creutz et Viray
pour le cas lisse. La preuve utilise un théorème de Lichtenbaum sur les courbes de genre 1 sur un corps
p-adique.
On déduit de ce résultat que toute intersection lisse de deux quadriques

X
⊂

ℙ
k
5

X\subset\mathbb{P}^{5}_{k}

sur un corps de nombres k possède un point sur une extension quadratique.
On déduit aussi de ce résultat une démonstration
relativement courte d’un théorème de Heath-Brown :
le principe de Hasse vaut pour les intersections complètes lisses

X
⊂

ℙ
k
7

X\subset\mathbb{P}^{7}_{k}

de deux quadriques
sur un corps de nombres. On donne aussi une démonstration alternative d’un principe de Hasse
pour certaines intersections de deux quadriques dans

ℙ
k
5

\mathbb{P}^{5}_{k}

, dû à Iyer et Parimala.
Lichtenbaum proved that index and period coincide for a curve of genus one
over a p-adic field. Salberger proved that the Hasse principle holds for a
smooth complete intersection of two quadrics

X
⊂

ℙ
n

X\subset\mathbb{P}^{n}

over a number field, if

n
≥
5

n\geq 5

and X
contains a conic.
Building upon these two results, we extend recent results of Creutz and Viray
(2021) on the existence of a quadratic point on intersections of two quadrics over p-adic fields
and over number fields. We then recover Heath-Brown’s theorem (2018)
that the Hasse principle holds for smooth
complete intersections of two quadrics in

ℙ
7

\mathbb{P}^{7}

. We also give an alternate proof of a theorem of
Iyer and Parimala (2022) on the local-global principle in the case

n
=
5

n=5

.
Unauthorized Agent and Company in Formation in French Law
Authors: Troncoso Mauricio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

519This work compares the general rules governing the unauthorised agent (falsus procurator) in French law with those provided for in French company law for persons acting in the name of a company in formation (Article 1843 of the Code civil and Article L. 210-6 para. 2 of the Code de commerce), in order to deduce the similarities and differences between the two sets of legal rules.