bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta‐study analysing the discourses of discourse analysis in health professions education
Authors: MacLeod Anna , Ellaway Rachel H. , Cleland Jennifer 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionDiscourse analysis has been used as an approach to conducting research in health professions education (HPE) for many years. However, because there is no one ‘right’ interpretation of or approach to it, quite what discourse analysis is, how it could or should be used, and how it can be appraised are unclear. This ambiguity risks undermining the trustworthiness and coherence of the methodology and any findings it produces.MethodA meta‐study review was conducted to explore the current state of discourse analysis in HPE, to guide researchers engaging using the methodology and to improving methodological, analytical and reporting rigour. Structured searches were conducted, returns were filtered for inclusion and 124 articles critically analysed.ResultsOf 124 included articles, 64 were from medical education, 51 from nursing and 9 were mutli‐disciplinary or from other HPE disciplines. Of 119 articles reporting some sort of data, 50 used documents/written text as the sole data source, while 27 were solely based on interview data. Foucault was the most commonly cited theorist (n = 47), particularly in medical education articles. The quality of articles varied: many did not provide a clear articulation what was meant by discourse, definitions and methodological choices were often misaligned, there was a lack of detail regarding data collection and analysis, and positionality statements and critiques were often underdeveloped or absent.DiscussionSeeking to address these many lacunae, the authors present a framework to facilitate rigorous discourse analysis research and transparent, complete and accurate reporting of the same, to help readers assess the trustworthiness of the findings from discourse analysis in HPE. Scholars are encouraged to reflect more deeply on the applications and practices of discourse analysis, with the ultimate aim of ensuring more breadth and depth when using discourse analysis for understanding and constructing meaning in our field.
Ectomycorrhizal fungi are more sensitive to high soil nitrogen levels in forests exposed to nitrogen deposition
Authors: Jörgensen Karolina , Clemmensen Karina E. , Wallander Håkan , Lindahl Björn D. 
Published: January 2024

Summary

Ectomycorrhizal fungi are essential for nitrogen (N) cycling in many temperate forests and responsive to anthropogenic N addition, which generally decreases host carbon (C) allocation to the fungi. In the boreal region, however, ectomycorrhizal fungal biomass has been found to correlate positively with soil N availability. Still, responses to anthropogenic N input, for instance through atmospheric deposition, are commonly negative.

To elucidate whether variation in N supply affects ectomycorrhizal fungi differently depending on geographical context, we investigated ectomycorrhizal fungal communities along fertility gradients located in two nemo‐boreal forest regions with similar ranges in soil N : C ratios and inorganic N availability but contrasting rates of N deposition.

Ectomycorrhizal biomass and community composition remained relatively stable across the N gradient with low atmospheric N deposition, but biomass decreased and the community changed more drastically with increasing N availability in the gradient subjected to higher rates of N deposition. Moreover, potential activities of enzymes involved in ectomycorrhizal mobilisation of organic N decreased as N availability increased.

In forests with low external input, we propose that stabilising feedbacks in tree‐fungal interactions maintain ectomycorrhizal fungal biomass and communities even in N‐rich soils. By contrast, anthropogenic N input seems to impair ectomycorrhizal functions.
Epidemiology of Lateral Patellar Dislocation Including Bone Bruise Incidence: Five Years of Data from a Trauma Center
Authors: Dai Ruilan , Wu Yue , Jiang Yanfang , Huang Hongshi , Meng Qingyang , Shi Weili , Ren Shuang , Ao Yingfang 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveSystematic summary of the epidemiology of patellar dislocation is rare. This study aims to investigate sex‐, age‐, type‐, injury causing events‐, incidence of bone bruise and time from last injury (TFLI)‐specific characteristics, and detail the epidemiological characteristics of patellar dislocation.MethodIn this descriptive epidemiological study, a total of 743 patients who have a history of lateral patellar dislocation with either first‐time patellar dislocation (FPD) or recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) between August 2017 and June 2022 at our institution met the inclusion criteria and were selected in this study. Patient characteristics including the type, gender, age, events leading to patellar dislocation, incidence of patellar bone bruise, and the time from last injury (TFLI) of patellar dislocation were retrospectively obtained and described. Magnetic resonance imaging scans (MRI) of the knee were reviewed for insuring bone bruise.ResultsAmong the 743 patients with patellar dislocation who required surgical reconstruction of the medial retinaculum, 418 (56.2%) had RPD and 325 (43.8%) had FPD. There were more females (65.0%) than males (35.0%) in patellar dislocation patients. Among the female patients, those aged <18 years had higher incidence (31.4%) of patellar dislocation. Among the male patients, those aged <18 and 19–28 years had higher incidence (16.8%) of patellar dislocation. Of all age groups, the prevalence rate of patellar dislocation was high in juvenile population and females, but with no statistical significance. The most common patellar dislocation‐causing event was sport accidents (40.1%), followed by life accidents (23.2%). The incidence of left‐knee patellar dislocation was slightly higher than that of right‐knee patellar dislocation. The incidence of patellar bone bruise of RPD (63.2%) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of FPD (82.2%). Patellar dislocation patients with bone bruise had shorter time from last injury (TFLI) than those without patellar bone bruise (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe incidence of bone bruise of RPD was lower than that of FPD, and patients with patellar bone bruise may have a shorter time from last injury than those without bone bruise.
What predicts psychosocial functioning in borderline personality disorder? Investigating the association with reflective functioning
Authors: Volkert Jana , Ilagan Gabrielle S. , Iliakis Evan A. , Ren Boyu , Schröder‐Pfeifer Paul , Choi‐Kain Lois W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with functioning in participants with and without borderline personality disorder (BPD). In particular, we were interested whether mentalizing and related social cognitive capacities, as factors of internal functioning, are important in predicting psychosocial functioning, in addition to other psychopathological and sociodemographic factors.MethodThis is a cross‐sectional study with N = 53 right‐handed females with and without BPD, without significant differences in age, IQ, and socioeconomic status, who completed semi‐structured diagnostic and self‐report measures of social cognition. Mentalizing was assessed using the Reflective Functioning Scale based on transcribed Adult Attachment Interviews. A regularized regression with the elastic net penalty was deployed to investigate whether mentalizing and social cognition predict psychosocial functioning.ResultsBorderline personality disorder symptom severity, sexual abuse trauma, and social and socio‐economic factors ranked as the most important variables in predicting psychosocial functioning, while reflective functioning (RF) was somewhat less important in the prediction, social cognitive functioning and sociodemographic variables were least important.ConclusionsBorderline personality disorder symptom severity was most important in determining functional impairment, alongside trauma related to sexual abuse as well as social and socio‐economic factors. These findings verify that BPD symptoms themselves most robustly predict functional impairment, followed by history of sexual abuse, then contextual factors (e.g. housing, financial, physical health), and then RF. These results lend marginal support to the conceptualization that mentalizing may enhance psychosocial functioning by facilitating social learning, but emphasize symptom reduction and stabilization of life context as key intervention targets.
Temporal and spatial variability of phloem structure in Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica and its link to climate
Authors: Gričar Jožica , Jevšenak Jernej , Giagli Kyriaki , Eler Klemen , Tsalagkas Dimitrios , Gryc Vladimír , Vavrčík Hanuš , Čufar Katarina , Prislan Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsing a unique 8‐year data set (2010–2017) of phloem data, we studied the effect of temperature and precipitation on the phloem anatomy (conduit area, widths of ring, early and late phloem) and xylem‐ring width in two coexisting temperate tree species, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, from three contrasting European temperate forest sites. Histometric analyses were performed on microcores taken from tree stems in autumn. We found high interannual variability and sensitivity of phloem anatomy and xylem‐ring widths to precipitation and temperature; however, the responses were species‐ and site‐specific. The contrasting response of xylem and phloem‐ring widths of the same tree species to weather conditions was found at the two Slovenian sites generally well supplied with precipitation, while at the driest Czech site, the influence of weather factors on xylem and phloem ring widths was synchronised. Since widths of mean annual xylem and phloem increments were narrowest at the Czech site, this site is suggested to be most restrictive for the radial growth of both species. By influencing the seasonal patterns of xylem and phloem development, water availability appears to be the most important determinant of tissue‐ and species‐specific responses to local weather conditions.
Effects of 625 nm light‐emitting diode irradiation on preventing ER stress‐induced apoptosis via GSK‐3β phosphorylation in MC3T3‐E1
Authors: Fu Wenqi , Liu Guo , Kim Sun‐Hun , Kim Byunggook , Kim Ok‐Su , Ma Guowu , Yang Ying , Liu Danyang , Zhu Siyu , Kang Jae‐Seok , Kim Okjoon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProlonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to cell apoptosis and interferes with bone homeostasis. Although photobiomodulation (PBM) might be used for ER stress‐induced diseases, the role of PBM in relieving cell apoptosis remains unknown. During ER stress, glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) is critical; however, its functions in PBM remain uncertain. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of GSK‐3β in 625 nm light‐emitting diode irradiation (LEDI) relieving tunicamycin (TM)‐induced apoptosis. Based on the results, pre‐625 nm LEDI (Pre‐IR) phosphorylated GSK‐3β via ROS production. Compared with the TM group, Pre‐IR + TM group reduced the phosphorylation of the α‐subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF‐2α) and B‐cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl‐2)‐associated X (Bax)/Bcl‐2 ratio through regulating GSK‐3β. Furthermore, a similar tendency was observed between Pre‐IR + TM and Pre‐LiCl+TM groups in preventing TM‐induced early and late apoptosis. In summary, this study suggests that the Pre‐IR treatment in TM‐induced ER stress is beneficial for preventing cell apoptosis via GSK‐3β phosphorylation.
Adaptation Through Communication: Assessing Human–Artificial Intelligence Partnership for the Design of Complex Engineering Systems
Authors: Xu Zeda , Hong Chloe Soohwa , Soria Zurita Nicolás F. , Gyory Joshua T. , Stump Gary , Nolte Hannah , Cagan Jonathan , McComb Christopher 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Exploring the opportunities for incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) to support team problem-solving has been the focus of intensive ongoing research. However, while the incorporation of such AI tools into human team problem-solving can improve team performance, it is still unclear what modality of AI integration will lead to a genuine human–AI partnership capable of mimicking the dynamic adaptability of humans. This work unites human designers with AI Partners as fellow team members who can both reactively and proactively collaborate in real-time toward solving a complex and evolving engineering problem. Team performance and problem-solving behaviors are examined using the HyForm collaborative research platform, which uses an online collaborative design environment that simulates a complex interdisciplinary design problem. The problem constraints are unexpectedly changed midway through problem-solving to simulate the nature of dynamically evolving engineering problems. This work shows that after the unexpected design constraints change, or shock, is introduced, human–AI hybrid teams perform similarly to human teams, demonstrating the capability of AI Partners to adapt to unexpected events. Nonetheless, hybrid teams do struggle more with coordination and communication after the shock is introduced. Overall, this work demonstrates that these AI design partners can participate as active partners within human teams during a large, complex task, showing promise for future integration in practice.
Sweat Characteristics and Fluid Balance Responses During Two Heat Training Camps in Elite Female Field Hockey Players
Authors: Goods Paul S.R. , Wall Bradley , Galna Brook , McKay Alannah K.A. , Jennings Denise , Peeling Peter , Watson Greig 
Published: January 2024

We examined the sweat characteristics and fluid balance of elite female field hockey players during two heat training camps. Fourteen elite female field hockey players from the Australian national squad participated in two heat training camps held ∼6 months apart, following winter- (Camp 1) and summer-based training (Camp 2). Daily waking body mass (BM) and urine specific gravity (USG) were collected, along with several markers of sweat and fluid balance across two matches per camp. There was a 19% mean reduction in estimated whole-body sweat sodium concentration from Camp 1 (45.8 ± 6.5 mmol/L) to Camp 2 (37.0 ± 5.0 mmol/L; p < .001). Waking urine specific gravity ≥ 1.020 was observed in 31% of samples, with no significant differences in mean urine specific gravity or BM between camps (p > .05), but with substantial interindividual variation. Intramatch sweat rates were high (1.2–1.8 L/hr), with greater BM losses in Camp 1 (p = .030), resulting in fewer players losing ≥2% BM in Camp 2 (0%–8%), as compared with Camp 1 (36%–43%; p = .017). Our field data suggest that elite female field hockey players experience substantial sweat losses during competition in the heat regardless of the season. In agreement with previous findings, we observed substantial interindividual variation in sweat and hydration indices, supporting the use of individualized athlete hydration strategies.
HOCl-producing electrochemical bandage for treating
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-infected murine wounds
Authors: Fleming Derek , Bozyel Ibrahim , Ozdemir Dilara , Otero Judith Alvarez , Karau Melissa J. , Anoy Md Monzurul Islam , Koscianski Christina , Schuetz Audrey N. , Greenwood-Quaintance Kerryl E. , Mandrekar Jayawant N. , Beyenal Haluk , Patel Robin 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

The growing threat of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens necessitates the development of alternative antimicrobial approaches. This is particularly true for chronic wound infections, which commonly harbor biofilm-dwelling bacteria. A novel electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) delivering low-levels of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was evaluated against
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
murine wound biofilms. 5 mm skin wounds were created on the dorsum of mice and infected with 10
6
colony-forming units (CFU) of
P. aeruginosa
. Biofilms were formed over 2 days, after which e-bandages were placed on the wound beds and covered with Tegaderm. Mice were administered Tegaderm-only (control), non-polarized e-bandage (no HOCl production), or polarized e-bandage (using an HOCl-producing potentiostat), with or without systemic amikacin. Purulence and wound areas were measured before and after treatment. After 48 hours, wounds were harvested for bacterial quantification. Forty-eight hours of polarized e-bandage treatment resulted in mean biofilm reductions of 1.4 log
10
CFUs/g (
P
= 0.0107) vs non-polarized controls and 2.2 log
10
CFU/g (
P
= 0.004) vs Tegaderm-only controls. Amikacin improved CFU reduction in Tegaderm-only (
P
= 0.0045) and non-polarized control groups (
P
= 0.0312) but not in the polarized group (
P
= 0.3876). Compared to the Tegaderm-only group, there was less purulence in the polarized group (
P
= 0.009). Wound closure was neither impeded nor improved by either polarized or non-polarized e-bandage treatment. Concurrent amikacin did not impact wound closure or purulence. In conclusion, an HOCl-producing e-bandage reduced
P. aeruginosa
in wound biofilms with no impairment in wound healing, representing a promising antibiotic-free approach for addressing wound infection.
Very rare tumour of the palatine tonsil: a molecular approach
Authors: Ramael Maaike , Van Steelandt Hilde , Puls Tony , Ramael Marc 
Published: January 2024

Mucoepidermoid cancer (MEC) is extremely rare in the palatine tonsil with only three adequately described cases in the literature.We describe a woman in her late 70s with vague pharyngeal discomfort who underwent tonsillectomy, lymph node dissection of the neck and radiotherapy for MEC with loco-regional lymph node metastasis of the palatine tonsil. To confirm this extremely rare diagnosis and to gain deeper insight in the molecular oncogenesis, an extensive molecular study including next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemistry was performed. Immunoreactivity for p16 protein and real-time PCR showed high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus 16 DNA and mutations in the BRAF, BARD and DNMT3A genes. Tumour mutational burden was low. After a follow-up of 7 years the patient is still alive and well without any residual or disseminated disease.
Effects of partial replacement of fishmeal with dried porcine soluble on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota, and fecal score in weaning pig
Authors: Hossain Md Mortuza , Cho Sung Bo , Kim In Ho 
Published: January 2024

Dried porcine solubles (DPSs) are the by-product obtained during the extraction of heparin from the porcine mucosa of the small intestine. The effects of partially replacing fishmeal with DPS in weaning pig diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbial count, and fecal score were investigated here. A total of 70 crossbred ((Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc) weaning pigs were divided into two dietary treatment groups: dietary treatments, CON: 3% fishmeal; DPS: 1.5% fishmeal and 1.5% DPSs. Average daily gain was tended to increase ( p < 0.10) in weaning pigs fed DPS compared to the CON group in week 2. The digestibility of dry matter was tended to improve ( p < 0.10) in weaning pigs fed DPS diet group in week 2 and week 5. Fecal Lactobacillus count was tended to increase ( p < 0.10) and Escherichia coli was tended to decrease ( p < 0.10) in weaning pigs fed DPSs compared to the weaning pigs fed CON at week 5 of the feeding trial. Our findings suggest that partially replacing fishmeal with DPSs in weaning pig diets can have beneficial effects on the growth performance through the tendency to improve dry matter digestibility and fecal microbiota.
Biomarker evidence for the depositional environment of basinal UK Mississippian mudstones
Authors: Sims Michael James Edward , Sephton Mark A. , Watson Jonathan S. , Fraser Alastair J. , Vane Christopher H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The regional character of organic matter types and depositional conditions of Pendleian, Brigantian and Arnsbergian mudstones between the Craven Basin and the Widmerpool Gulf was compared through interpretation of biomarker and pyrolysis data from 201 samples recovered from nine boreholes. The Carboniferous seaways have been determined to commonly host dysoxic conditions, enabling the preservation of a mixture of marine and terrestrial organic matter types. Photic zone anoxia, established by the presence of aryl isoprenoids, was determined to be persistent during ‘marine’ conditions represented by marine band, high-sea-level and carbonate facies. The observation and correlation of diasteranes and trisnorneohopane/trisnorhopane ratios within the samples and to other maturity parameters highlighted a significant clay mineral catalytic and/or hydrocarbon retention effect in the samples. This influenced both biomarkers and programmed pyrolysis thermal maturity indices such as
T
max
, reducing the reliability of such results for interpreting the burial depth, and ultimately reserve potential.
Progressive Left Ventricular Remodeling for Predicting Mortality in Children With Dilated Cardiomyopathy: The Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry
Authors: Kantor Paul F. , Shi Ling , Colan Steven D. , Orav E. John , Wilkinson James D. , Hamza Taye H. , Webber Steven A. , Canter Charles E. , Towbin Jeffrey A. , Everitt Melanie D. , Pahl Elfriede , Ware Stephanie M. , Rusconi Paolo G. , Lamour Jacqueline M. , Jefferies John L. , Addonizio Linda J. , Lipshultz Steven E. ,   for the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry Investigators*
Published: January 2024

Background
Pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy often leads to death or cardiac transplantation. We sought to determine whether changes in left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic dimension (LVEDD), LV end‐diastolic posterior wall thickness, and LV fractional shortening (LVFS) over time may help predict adverse outcomes.

Methods and Results

We studied children up to 18 years old with dilated cardiomyopathy, enrolled between 1990 and 2009 in the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry. Changes in LVFS, LVEDD, LV end‐diastolic posterior wall thickness, and the LV end‐diastolic posterior wall thickness:LVEDD ratio between baseline and follow‐up echocardiograms acquired ≈1 year after diagnosis were determined for children who, at the 1‐year follow‐up had died, received a heart transplant, or were alive and transplant‐free. Within 1 year after diagnosis, 40 (5.0%) of the 794 eligible children had died, 117 (14.7%) had undergone cardiac transplantation, and 585 (73.7%) had survived without transplantation. At diagnosis, survivors had higher median LVFS and lower median LVEDD
Z
scores. Median LVFS and LVEDD
Z
scores improved among survivors (
Z
score changes of +2.6 and −1.1, respectively) but remained stable or worsened in the other 2 groups. The LV end‐diastolic posterior wall thickness:LVEDD ratio increased in survivors only, suggesting beneficial reverse LV remodeling. The risk for death or cardiac transplantation up to 7 years later was lower when LVFS was improved at 1 year (hazard ratio [HR], 0.83;
P
=0.004) but was higher in those with progressive LV dilation (HR, 1.45;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Progressive deterioration in LV contractile function and increasing LV dilation are associated with both early and continuing mortality in children with dilated cardiomyopathy. Serial echocardiographic monitoring of these children is therefore indicated.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00005391.