bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing drug delivery systems through additive manufacturing
Authors: Yadav Deepak , Sonkar Kajal , Kumar Jatin , Chaudhary Amit 
Published: December 2023

Additive manufacturing, also called 3D-printing is an emerging technique for the formulation of drug dosage forms in pharmaceutical formulation. This approach is widely used for its benefits over conventional drug formulations. 3D printing is giving an enhancement to the customization of drugs. This technique is able to carry many different drugs in a single dosage form. Customization is also seen in conventional drug dosage forms, but 3D printing gives more precision as per pharmacological response desired for each individual patient. Moreover, the customisation process is simple and instant production is obtained. Physically incompatible drugs can be added to one drug dosage form by providing barriers of polymers, etc. Here, we have discussed some of the tablets, capsules, transdermal patches, suppositories fabricated by 3D printing by researchers. Different types of techniques under 3D printing have also been discussed which are being used in fabricating the above-mentioned drug dosage forms. 3D printing is being considered in the pharmaceutical field due to its advantages of easy operation, the fewest possible steps, lower labour costs and many other factors. This technique shows the benefits of 3D printing of various desirable drugs.

Keywords: 3-D Printing, Polymer, Dosage form, Customization, Capsule, Transdermal patches, suppositories.

Abbreviations: HCl- Hydrochloric acid, FDM- Fused Deposition Modelling, FDA- Food and Drug administration, CADD- Computer aided drug design, API- Active pharmaceutical agent, SLA- Stereolithography, SLS- selective laser sintering, 3D- Three dimensional
Relación entre Inteligencia Emocional y Habilidades Sociales en Alumnado con Autismo entre 12 y 14 años
Authors: Quezada Cevallos Diego Fernando , Marcillo Baquero Andrea Carolina 
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la relación entre habilidades sociales e inteligencia emocional en alumnado con Autismo entre 12 y 14 años de edad, se pretende beneficiar de manera directa el desarrollo humano integral y socioemocional, en los estudiantes que poseen trastorno del Espectro Autista y de manera indirecta a los estudiantes regulares, la investigación posee un diseño descriptivo, correlacional, no experimental y de corte transversal, para el análisis de la variable habilidades sociales se utiliza el instrumento ABAS II y para la variable inteligencia emocional se utiliza el instrumento psicológico Bar-On EQ-i: YV, con la aplicación de los reactivos se responde a la hipótesis inicial la cual busca encontrar una relación positiva y estadísticamente significante, entre habilidades sociales e inteligencia emocional, como se ha podido analizar en las diferentes investigaciones, el entrenamiento en habilidades sociales repercute de forma directa y positiva, en las personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista, mejorando su calidad de vida mientras que en el ámbito educativo es importante la identificación de la relación entre las variables, con la finalidad de incorporar programas que permitan el entrenamiento de las habilidades socioemocionales al pensum académico, para potenciar el desarrollo humano integral y socioemocional, de los estudiantes regulares y en estudiantes que poseen un trastorno del Espectro Autista.
La Calificación Apgar
Authors: Vargas Pedro E 
Published: December 2023

En 1949, la estudiante de Medicina, que no encontró el acceso para hacerse cirujano, se convertía en la primera mujer en ser profesora de tiempo completo en Columbia’s College of Physicians and Surgeons, y tres años más tarde, en 1952, presentaba ante la reunión conjunta de la Sociedad Internacional de Investigación en Anestesia y el Colegio de Anestesiólogos -publicada al año siguiente una de las más logradas contribuciones clínicas, la forma de evaluar el estado de vigor del recién nacido a partir de 5 signos, que llevaría su nombre: la calificación Apgar.
Loop diuretics – rules of appointment in congestive chronic heart failure
Authors: Lazarev P. O. 
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the use in everyday clinical practice of loop diuretics, which play a central role in the therapy of patients with congestive heart failure. When using drugs of this class, the correct dosage, regular monitoring of therapy, adequate prevention and measures to overcome resistance to loop diuretics are of primary importance.
In order to obtain maximum efficiency and a high level of safety for the patient, the basic rules for the appointment and control of diuretic therapy should be strictly followed.
Uso de las TIC por el docente en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje y de comunicación, en instituciones de EMS durante la pandemia por la COVID-19. Caso Cobach 28
Authors: Rodríguez Ferrétiz Ana , Navarro Zamora Lizy 
Published: December 2023

Desde la aparición de la COVID-19, el mundo realizó cambios en su forma de vida adaptándose a nuevos entornos. Ejemplo de ello fue el sector educativo, teniendo que adoptar nuevas estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje, ya no en su forma tradicional, sino en el entorno virtual con la mediación tecnológica. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar el perfil de uso y acceso del docente de educación media superior a las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación, así como las estrategias para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje mediadas por las tecnologías y la percepción del profesor en torno al uso y acceso de las TIC por los alumnos; un estudio de caso del Cobach 28 de San Luis Potosí. El enfoque fue cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo, teniendo como instrumento el cuestionario con el que se aplicó un censo a los docentes del plantel. Entre los resultados se tienen que las TIC fueron una herramienta fundamental para los docentes; sin embargo, al inicio se presentaron carencias y obstáculos en las competencias, en el equipo, en las plataformas y en el acceso a Internet. Lo mismo sucedió con las y los estudiantes, quienes desde la visión de la y el profesor no contaban con lo necesario para las estrategias educativas implementadas, de manera específica con el equipo y la conectividad.

Fecha de recepción: 27/04/2023Fecha de aceptación: 20/07/2023
Observing Planetesimal Formation under Streaming Instability in the Rings of HD 163296
Authors: Zagaria F. , Clarke C. J. , Booth R. A. , Facchini S. , Rosotti G. P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We introduce a new technique to determine the gas turbulence and surface density in bright disk rings, under the assumption that dust growth is limited by turbulent fragmentation at the ring center. We benchmark this prescription in HD 163296, showing that our measurements are consistent with available turbulence upper limits and agree with independent estimates of the gas surface density within a factor of 2. We combine our results with literature measurements of the dust surface density and grain size to determine the dust-to-gas ratio and Stokes number in the 67 and 100 au rings. Our estimates suggest that particle clumping is taking place under the effect of streaming instability (SI) in the 100 au ring. Even though in the presence of external isotropic turbulence this process might be hindered, we provide evidence that turbulence is nonisotropic in both rings and likely originates from mechanisms (such as ambipolar diffusion) that could ease particle clumping under SI. Finally, we determine the mass accretion rate under the assumption that the disk is in steady state and turbulence regulates angular momentum transport. Our results are in tension with spectroscopic measurements and suggest that other mechanisms might be responsible for accretion, in qualitative agreement with the detection of a magnetocentrifugal wind in this system. Applying our method to larger samples can be used to statistically assess if SI is a viable mechanism to form planetesimals in bright rings.
Relating Intermittency and Inverse Cascade to Stochastic Entropy in Solar Wind Turbulence
Authors: Stumpo Mirko , Benella Simone , Alberti Tommaso , Pezzi Oreste , Papini Emanuele , Consolini Giuseppe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Turbulent energy transfer in nearly collisionless plasmas can be conceptualized as a scale-to-scale Langevin process. Hence, the statistics of magnetic field fluctuations can be embedded in the framework of stochastic process theory. In this work, we investigate the statistical properties of the pristine solar wind as observed by Parker Solar Probe by defining the cascade trajectories of magnetic field increments and by estimating the stochastic entropy variation along them. Through the stochastic entropy, we can identify two regimes where fluctuations exhibit contrasting statistical properties. In the inertial range, the entropy production is associated with an increase of the flatness indicating the occurrence of intermittency. Otherwise, trajectories associated with an entropy consumption exhibit global scale invariance. In the transition region toward ion scales, the phenomenology switches: entropy-consuming trajectories exhibit a sudden flatness increase, associated with the presence of small-scale intermittency, while entropy-producing trajectories display a nearly constant flatness. Results are interpreted in terms of physical processes consistent with an accumulation of energy at ion scales.
Clinical Pharmacological Principles in Emergency Geriatric Care: Toxidrome Approach
Authors: Samajdar Shambo Samrat , Sharma Jayanta , Mukherjee Shatavisa , Sahoo Satyabrata , Sarkar Sougata , Pal Jyotirmoy , Chatterjee Nandini , Tripathi Santanu Kumar , Joshi Shashank R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An increasing body of research implies that emergency department (ED) physicians fail to identify drug-related ED visits due to the department’s hectic workflow. In cases of poisoning or drug intoxications, the offending agent(s) may not be identified during the acute and possibly critical period of the exposure. For cases of suicidal incidents, laboratory assistances in identifying the offending chemical are not promptly available. The diagnosis of “toxidromes” is, therefore, an acceptable clinical diagnostic method that has been pioneered by clinical toxicologists. The present case has emphasized the need for applying clinical pharmacology principles in the early detection of drug-induced ED visits.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Falls among South Indian Community-Dwelling Elderly
Authors: Ganguly Enakshi , Ahmed Fadheela , Kavitha Velagaturi , Sharma Pawan Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Falls are an important health problem among elderly, with various consequences. The objectives of this study were to estimate 1-year incidence of falls, distribution, and severity of fall-related injuries and to determine risk factors for fall risk among the elderly population aged ≥60 years.

Methods:
A total of 140 urban community-dwelling participants aged ≥60 years were studied using an investigator-administered questionnaire. Short physical performance battery, chair stand test, handgrip strength, and anthropometric measurements were done. The Chi-square test was done to compare fallers and nonfallers. Logistic regression was done for independently associated risk factors.

Results:
One-year incidence of falls was 14.3%; 17.6% among women and 9.1% among men. Sixty percent of participants had multiple falls. Seventy-five percent of the fallers were overweight or obese. Sprain was the most common reported fall-related injury (20%), whereas 45% had no injuries. Depression (60%), osteoporosis (80%), poor activities of daily living (90%), and polypharmacy (35%) were significantly associated with falls. Osteoporosis (odds ratio: 14.89; 95% confidence interval: 1.91–115.95) was independently associated with fall risk.

Conclusions:
The burden of falls among urban elderly was low. The majority of the population experienced multiple falls. Since chronic diseases including osteoporosis and poor mobility were directly associated with the risk of falls, further longitudinal studies may explore the health-related and socioenvironmental risks further.
Relationship of Depression and Physical Activity among Geriatric Patients
Authors: Shah Megha , Shah Saurabh , Chavda Parag , Thomas Ebbie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of this study was to study the correlation between physical activity and depression among the geriatric population.

Background:
With increasing sedentary behavior and depression among the geriatric population, a study to find a correlation between the two was needed.

Subjects and Methods:
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted to find the correlation between sedentary behavior and depression among geriatric patients attending medicine outpatient departments. General Physical Activity Questionnaire and Geriatric Depression Scale were used to collect data through interviews.

Results:
Of the total 100 participants who participated in the study, 69 were found to be having sedentary behavior and 31 had moderate/vigorous levels of physical activity throughout a week. Of the 69 participants with sedentary behavior, one-third, i.e., 23 participants were found depressed. No one from moderate\vigorous physical activity was found to be depressed.

Conclusion:
Sedentary behavior is one of the risk factors for depression. Physical activity has a relationship with depression among the geriatric population. Physically active elderly are less likely to have depression.
Waiting to exhale: Retrieval of an unusual bronchial foreign body
Authors: Franey D , Frenzel Z , Manchester D 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Foreign-body aspiration in adults is considerably less common than in children. The clinical course can be life-threatening but often presents in a more indolent manner, leading to difficulties with diagnosis. We report the retrieval of a buprenorphine-naloxone wrapper by flexible bronchoscopy in a 44-year-old male patient with COVID-19 who was on mechanical ventilation. Following removal, the patient completed treatment for COVID-19, his respiratory status improved, and he was discharged from the hospital. Flexible bronchoscopy is an effective means of diagnosis and retrieval of foreign bodies in the distal airway.
Creatine supplementation combined with breathing exercises reduces respiratory discomfort and improves creatine status in patients with long-COVID
Authors: Slankamenac J , Ranisavljev M , Todorovic N , Ostojic J , Stajer V , Ostojic SM 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Eight long-COVID patients with moderate fatigue that had lasted for ≥3 months were recruited. All patients were allocated in a double-blind parallel-group design to receive either 4 g of creatine per day plus breathing exercises (study group) or breathing exercises only (control group) for 3 months. Creatine induced a significant increase in tissue total creatine levels for all 14 locations evaluated in the present study (P < 0.05), while its levels significantly dropped in the right frontal gray matter and left parietal mesial gray matter at follow-up in the control group (P < 0.05). No change in time to exhaustion was demonstrated in the control group (P > 0.05), while the mean time to exhaustion was significantly improved for 54 s in the study group post-administration (P = 0.05). These preliminary findings suggest that creatine is as an effective adjuvant therapeutic to breathing exercises for tackling the clinical features in long-COVID.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Wound Infections after Trimeresurus stejnegeri Snakebites in Taiwan
Authors: Hung Yu-Lun , Chen Yi-Chun , Tsai Tein-Shun , Chang Ye-In , Chuang Po-Chun 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT.
Snakebite envenomation is a neglected tropical disease. Taiwan, with its subtropical and Southeast Asian environment, provides suitable habitat for several venomous snake species. Trimeresurus stejnegeri, an arboreal pit viper, is the most common cause of venomous snakebite in Taiwan. Trimeresurus stejnegeri envenomation can cause local swelling, occasional ecchymosis, and wound infection. The primary treatment of T. stejnegeri envenomation is the binary antivenom, vacuum freeze-dried F(ab′)2 fragments of equine antibodies, against T. stejnegeri and Protobothrops mucrosquamatus. This study aimed to analyze the incidence of post-envenomation wound infections caused by T. stejnegeri based on data collected over a decade from institutions affiliated with the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan. A total of 254 patients were enrolled in this study. Clinical and laboratory data, treatment information, and patient outcomes were extracted from electronic medical records. Wound infection was associated with delay in antivenom initiation (adjusted odds ratio: 3.987; 95% CI: 1.406–11.302). The infection rates were 20.5%, 12.5%, 31.3%, and 48.1% for antivenom administration within 2 hours, 2–4 hours, 4–6 hours, and > 6 hours, respectively. Therefore, early initiation of antivenom treatment (within 6 hours) is recommended. Morganella morganii was cultured from wounds of the patients, whereas Enterobacter cloacae and Enterococcus faecalis were cultured from both the oral cavity of snakes and the wounds of the patients. For post-envenomation patients who develop a local infection, empiric antibiotics such as third-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, and piperacillin/tazobactam are recommended because snakebite wound infections are often polymicrobial in nature.
An Exploration of Grade 12 Learners’ Misconceptions on Solving Calculus Problem: A Case of Limits
Authors: Jameson Goredema , Machaba Masilo France , Matabane Mogalatjane Edward 
Published: December 2023

This case study explored Grade 12 learners’ misconceptions in limits of functions. The study aimed at understanding problems that learners face in learning the concepts of limit by analyzing misconceptions that learners have and identifying the possible sources of these misconceptions to take remedial action. An exploratory research design was adopted, and purposive sampling employed to select 35 Grade 12 learners (21 females and 14 males) who wrote a test on limits. From the 35 learners who wrote the test, five learners were interviewed guided by their written responses. Theoretically, the study was guided by the constructivism theory and used a systematic error conceptual framework to categories the learners` misconceptions according to extrinsic and intrinsic calculus misconceptions. The study sought to answer the questions: (a) What type of misconceptions do Grade 12 learners exhibit in responding to limit questions? (b) What are the possible sources of these misconceptions? The study found that Learners exhibited misconceptions on the limit concept and related symbolism. Learners who had a flawed understanding of algebraic concepts struggled to apply limits correctly. The weak foundation on algebraic skills impacted negatively on their learning of new concepts on limits. The study recommends that, educators should always check and make sure that learners have appropriate prior knowledge before the teaching of new concepts in calculus. It is recommended that that teaching and learning approaches need to be adjusted to give equal weight to both the procedural and the conceptual understanding of mathematical knowledge in learners.
Determination of quantitative indicators of the basins of the main rivers of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria with the help of modern technical means
Authors: Гергокова З.Ж. , Акаев А.Р. 
Published: December 2023

Определение достоверных расчетных характеристик гидрологических ве- личин водных ресурсов на сегодняшний день является актуальной задачей, как в России, так и в целом в мире. В силу неуклонного роста влияния жизнедеятельности человека на водные объекты возрастает необходимость контроля их морфометрических и ги- дрологических параметров.
Determination of reliable calculated characteristics of hydrological quantities of water resources, today, is an urgent task, both in Russia and in the whole world. Due to the steady increase in the influence of human activity on water bodies, the need to control their morphometric and hydrological parameters is increasing.
ANALISIS BIAYA PRODUKSI AMPLANG IKAN BANDENG PADA PT AHAR SENTOSA BKI MAMUJU
Authors: Aida Nur , Muchsidin Feronica Pungky , Saeni Nuraeni , Fatimah S A. We Tenri , Apriliani P Pretty Margarethe 
Published: December 2023

Milkfish is one of the export commodities known as milkfish. Amplang ikan bandeng or in Sulawesi is called sponge fish, which is a snack type of cracker with a distinctive taste and aroma of fish. PT Ahar Sentosa bki is an individual PT which was established in 2012 which is one of the businesses that produce Amplang. At PT Ahar sentosa bki, there is a decrease in turnover in certain months, especially in January due to the influence of weather. The phenomenon that occurs in this company is that the calculation has not used the method of calculating the cost of goods produced correctly, only calculating in a simple or traditional way, not detailing all costs incurred.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the production cost of milkfish Amplang using the full costing method at PT Ahar Sentosa Bki Mamuju. The analysis method used is quantitative descriptive using a report on the production cost of milkfish amplang. The data used was obtained from PT Ahar Sentosa Bki Mamuju The analysis of production costs uses the full costing method to produce the cost of goods produced.

Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that the cost of production of milkfish amplang at PT Ahar Sentosa using the full costing method is Rp.505,193,766 and according to the company Rp. 493,684,600 has a difference of Rp. 11,509,166. and the difference in the cost of goods produced by packs Rp.128.
The Role Of HRM Practices in Shaping Organisational Innovation in Malaysia Waqf Institutions: A Conceptual Paper
Authors: Farouk Kaci , Embi Nor Azizan Che , Hamid Zabeda Abdul , Juhdi Nurita 
Published: December 2023

The current pace of change in the world is unprecedented. As a result, the environment of NPO institutions and organisations has been affected by this rapid change, particularly the major development in the domains of management and the requirements of the society they serve. Third sector organisations, particularly waqf institutions, must constantly innovate in order to maintain a competitive advantage and achieve their goals of high economic and social values. Human resource management practices can be used to achieve this goal. Thus, the objective of this research is to examine the correlation between human resource management practices and organisational innovation. Using a cross-sectional approach, the study involved waqf institutions in Malaysia. Two human resource management practices served as independent variables in this study (performance appraisal and training and development). Organization innovation (Product / service innovation) was used as dependent variable.