bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graft-versus-host disease and impact on relapse in myelofibrosis undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Oechsler Sofia , Gagelmann Nico , Wolschke Christine , Janson Dietlinde , Badbaran Anita , Klyuchnikov Evgeny , Massoud Radwan , Rathje Kristin , Richter Johanna , Schäfersküpper Mathias , Niederwieser Christian , Kunte Ameya , Heidenreich Silke , Ayuk Francis , Kröger Nicolaus 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) remains the only curative treatment for myelofibrosis (MF). Relapse occurs in 10–30% and remains a major factor for dismal outcomes. Previous work suggested that graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) might be associated with risk of relapse. This study included 341 patients undergoing their first (n = 308) or second (n = 33) alloHSCT. Anti-T-lymphocyte or antithymocyte globulin was used for GVHD prophylaxis in almost all patients. Median time to neutrophile and platelet engraftment was 13 days and 19 days, respectively. The cumulative incidence of acute GVHD grade II-IV was 41% (median, 31 days; range, 7–112). Grade III-IV acute GVHD was observed in 22%. The cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 61%. Liver was affected in 23% of acute GVHD cases and 46% of chronic GVHD cases. Severe acute GVHD was associated with high non-relapse mortality. The development of acute GVHD grade II and moderate GVHD was an independent factor for reduced risk for relapse after transplantation without increased risk for non-relapse mortality, while especially acute GVHD grade IV was associated with high non-relapse mortality. Last, we identified that ongoing response to ruxolitinib, accelerated-phase MF at time of transplantation and splenectomy prior to transplantation were independent predictors for relapse.
Publics’ knowledge of, attitude to and motivation towards health-related genomics: a scoping review
Authors: Pearce Angela , Mitchell Lucas A. , Best Stephanie , Young Mary-Anne , Terrill Bronwyn 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe use of genomic data in research and genomic information in clinical care is increasing as technologies advance and sequencing costs decrease. Using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory as a framework we reviewed recent literature examining publics’ current knowledge of, attitude to, and motivation towards health-related genomics in clinical and research settings. The population of interest was described as ‘publics’ to denote the heterogeneity of ‘the public’. Eligible studies were published in English between 2016–2022. We retrieved 1657 records, with 278 full-text reviewed against the eligibility criteria and concept definitions. In total, 99 articles were included in the review and descriptive numerical summaries were collated. Knowledge literature was categorized using deductive thematic analysis. For attitude and motivation, literature was coded using an analytic framework developed by the authors. There was wide variability in concept definition and measurement across studies. Overall, there was general positivity about genomics, with high awareness but little familiarity or factual knowledge. Publics had high expectations of genomics and perceived that it could provide them with information for their future. Only a few key attitudes were found to be important as motivators or barriers for participation in genomics; these were related to personal and clinical utility of the information. Context was often missing from studies, decreasing the utility of findings for implementation or public engagement. Future research would benefit by using theory-driven approaches to assess relevant publics’ knowledge and attitudes of specific contexts or applications to support genomic implementation and informed decision-making.
Interplay of the forces governing steroid hormone micropollutant adsorption in vertically-aligned carbon nanotube membrane nanopores
Authors: Nguyen Minh N. , Jue Melinda L. , Buchsbaum Steven F. , Park Sei Jin , Vollnhals Florian , Christiansen Silke , Fornasiero Francesco , Schäfer Andrea I. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVertically-aligned carbon nanotube (VaCNT) membranes allow water to conduct rapidly at low pressures and open up the possibility for water purification and desalination, although the ultralow viscous stress in hydrophobic and low-tortuosity nanopores prevents surface interactions with contaminants. In this experimental investigation, steroid hormone micropollutant adsorption by VaCNT membranes is quantified and explained via the interplay of the hydrodynamic drag and friction forces acting on the hormone, and the adhesive and repulsive forces between the hormone and the inner carbon nanotube wall. It is concluded that a drag force above 2.2 × 10−3 pN overcomes the friction force resulting in insignificant adsorption, whereas lowering the drag force from 2.2 × 10−3 to 4.3 × 10−4 pN increases the adsorbed mass of hormones from zero to 0.4 ng cm−2. At a low drag force of 1.6 × 10−3 pN, the adsorbed mass of four hormones is correlated with the hormone−wall adhesive (van der Waals) force. These findings explain micropollutant adsorption in nanopores via the forces acting on the micropollutant along and perpendicular to the flow, which can be exploited for selectivity.
A triple increase in global river basins with water scarcity due to future pollution
Authors: Wang Mengru , Bodirsky Benjamin Leon , Rijneveld Rhodé , Beier Felicitas , Bak Mirjam P. , Batool Masooma , Droppers Bram , Popp Alexander , van Vliet Michelle T. H. , Strokal Maryna 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWater security is at stake today. While climate changes influence water availability, urbanization and agricultural activities have led to increasing water demand as well as pollution, limiting safe water use. We conducted a global assessment of future clean-water scarcity for 2050s by adding the water pollution aspect to the classical water quantity-induced scarcity assessments. This was done for >10,000 sub-basins focusing on nitrogen pollution in rivers by integrating land-system, hydrological and water quality models. We found that water pollution aggravates water scarcity in >2000 sub-basins worldwide. The number of sub-basins with water scarcity triples due to future nitrogen pollution worldwide. In 2010, 984 sub-basins are classified as water scarce when considering only quantity-induced scarcity, while 2517 sub-basins are affected by quantity & quality-induced scarcity. This number even increases to 3061 sub-basins in the worst case scenario in 2050. This aggravation means an extra 40 million km2 of basin area and 3 billion more people that may potentially face water scarcity in 2050. Our results stress the urgent need to address water quality in future water management policies for the Sustainable Development Goals.
MAIVeSS: streamlined selection of antigenically matched, high-yield viruses for seasonal influenza vaccine production
Authors: Gao Cheng , Wen Feng , Guan Minhui , Hatuwal Bijaya , Li Lei , Praena Beatriz , Tang Cynthia Y. , Zhang Jieze , Luo Feng , Xie Hang , Webby Richard , Tao Yizhi Jane , Wan Xiu-Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVaccines are the main pharmaceutical intervention used against the global public health threat posed by influenza viruses. Timely selection of optimal seed viruses with matched antigenicity between vaccine antigen and circulating viruses and with high yield underscore vaccine efficacy and supply, respectively. Current methods for selecting influenza seed vaccines are labor intensive and time-consuming. Here, we report the Machine-learning Assisted Influenza VaccinE Strain Selection framework, MAIVeSS, that enables streamlined selection of naturally circulating, antigenically matched, and high-yield influenza vaccine strains directly from clinical samples by using molecular signatures of antigenicity and yield to support optimal candidate vaccine virus selection. We apply our framework on publicly available sequences to select A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine candidates and experimentally confirm that these candidates have optimal antigenicity and growth in cells and eggs. Our framework can potentially reduce the optimal vaccine candidate selection time from months to days and thus facilitate timely supply of seasonal vaccines.
Repeated upslope biome shifts in Saxifraga during late-Cenozoic climate cooling
Authors: Carruthers Tom , Moerland Michelangelo S. , Ebersbach Jana , Favre Adrien , Folk Ryan A. , Hawkins Julie A. , Muellner-Riehl Alexandra N. , Röser Martin , Soltis Douglas E. , Tkach Natalia , Baker William J. , de Vos Jurriaan M. , Eiserhardt Wolf L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMountains are among the most biodiverse places on Earth, and plant lineages that inhabit them have some of the highest speciation rates ever recorded. Plant diversity within the alpine zone - the elevation above which trees cannot grow—contributes significantly to overall diversity within mountain systems, but the origins of alpine plant diversity are poorly understood. Here, we quantify the processes that generate alpine plant diversity and their changing dynamics through time in Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae), an angiosperm genus that occurs predominantly in mountain systems. We present a time-calibrated molecular phylogenetic tree for the genus that is inferred from 329 low-copy nuclear loci and incorporates 73% (407) of known species. We show that upslope biome shifts into the alpine zone are considerably more prevalent than dispersal of alpine specialists between regions, and that the rate of upslope biome shifts increased markedly in the last 5 Myr, a timeframe concordant with a cooling and fluctuating climate that is likely to have increased the extent of the alpine zone. Furthermore, alpine zone specialists have lower speciation rates than generalists that occur inside and outside the alpine zone, and major speciation rate increases within Saxifraga significantly pre-date increased rates of upslope biome shifts. Specialisation to the alpine zone is not therefore associated with speciation rate increases. Taken together, this study presents a quantified and broad scale perspective of processes underpinning alpine plant diversity.
Spatio-spectral 4D coherent ranging using a flutter-wavelength-swept laser
Authors: Jeong Dawoon , Jang Hansol , Jung Min Uk , Jeong Taeho , Kim Hyunsoo , Yang Sanghyeok , Lee Janghyeon , Kim Chang-Seok 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCoherent light detection and ranging (LiDAR), particularly the frequency-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR, is a robust optical imaging technology for measuring long-range distance and velocity in three dimensions (3D). We propose a spatio-spectral coherent LiDAR based on a unique wavelength-swept laser to enable both axial coherent ranging and lateral spatio-spectral beam scanning simultaneously. Instead of the conventional unidirectional wavelength-swept laser, a flutter-wavelength-swept laser (FWSL) successfully decoupled bidirectional wavelength modulation and continuous wavelength sweep, which overcame the measurable distance limited by the sampling process. The decoupled operation in FWSL enabled sequential sampling of flutter-wavelength modulation across its wide spectral bandwidth of 160 nm and, thus, allowed simultaneous distance and velocity measurement over an extended measurable distance. Herein, complete four-dimensional (4D) imaging, combining real-time 3D distance and velocity measurements, was implemented by solid-state beam scanning. An acousto-optic scanner was synchronized to facilitate the other lateral beam scanning, resulting in an optimized solid-state coherent LiDAR system. The proposed spatio-spectral coherent LiDAR system achieved high-resolution coherent ranging over long distances and real-time 4D imaging with a frame rate of 10 Hz, even in challenging environments.
AAV-delivered muscone-induced transgene system for treating chronic diseases in mice via inhalation
Authors: Wu Xin , Yu Yuanhuan , Wang Meiyan , Dai Di , Yin Jianli , Liu Wenjing , Kong Deqiang , Tang Shasha , Meng Meiyao , Gao Tian , Zhang Yuanjin , Zhou Yang , Guan Ningzi , Zhao Shangang , Ye Haifeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGene therapies provide treatment options for many diseases, but the safe and long-term control of therapeutic transgene expression remains a primary issue for clinical applications. Here, we develop a muscone-induced transgene system packaged into adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors (AAVMUSE) based on a G protein-coupled murine olfactory receptor (MOR215-1) and a synthetic cAMP-responsive promoter (PCRE). Upon exposure to the trigger, muscone binds to MOR215-1 and activates the cAMP signaling pathway to initiate transgene expression. AAVMUSE enables remote, muscone dose- and exposure-time-dependent control of luciferase expression in the livers or lungs of mice for at least 20 weeks. Moreover, we apply this AAVMUSE to treat two chronic inflammatory diseases: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and allergic asthma, showing that inhalation of muscone—after only one injection of AAVMUSE—can achieve long-term controllable expression of therapeutic proteins (ΔhFGF21 or ΔmIL-4). Our odorant-molecule-controlled system can advance gene-based precision therapies for human diseases.
Plastid ancestors lacked a complete Entner-Doudoroff pathway, limiting plants to glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway
Authors: Evans Sonia E. , Franks Anya E. , Bergman Matthew E. , Sethna Nasha S. , Currie Mark A. , Phillips Michael A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Entner–Doudoroff (ED) pathway provides an alternative to glycolysis. It converts 6-phosphogluconate (6-PG) to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and pyruvate in two steps consisting of a dehydratase (EDD) and an aldolase (EDA). Here, we investigate its distribution and significance in higher plants and determine the ED pathway is restricted to prokaryotes due to the absence of EDD genes in eukaryotes. EDDs share a common origin with dihydroxy-acid dehydratases (DHADs) of the branched chain amino acid pathway (BCAA). Each dehydratase features strict substrate specificity. E. coli EDD dehydrates 6-PG to 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate, while DHAD only dehydrates substrates from the BCAA pathway. Structural modeling identifies two divergent domains which account for their non-overlapping substrate affinities. Coupled enzyme assays confirm only EDD participates in the ED pathway. Plastid ancestors lacked EDD but transferred metabolically promiscuous EDA, which explains the absence of the ED pathway from the Viridiplantae and sporadic persistence of EDA genes across the plant kingdom.
Tumor reactive γδ T cells contribute to a complete response to PD-1 blockade in a Merkel cell carcinoma patient
Authors: Lien Scott C. , Ly Dalam , Yang S. Y. Cindy , Wang Ben X. , Clouthier Derek L. , St. Paul Michael , Gadalla Ramy , Noamani Babak , Garcia-Batres Carlos R. , Boross-Harmer Sarah , Bedard Philippe L. , Pugh Trevor J. , Spreafico Anna , Hirano Naoto , Razak Albiruni R. A. , Ohashi Pamela S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImmunotherapies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 are now widely used in the clinic to treat a variety of malignancies. While most of the research on T cell exhaustion and PD-1 blockade has been focused on conventional αβ T cells, the contribution of innate-like T cells such as γδ T cells to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mediated therapy is limited. Here we show that tumor reactive γδ T cells respond to PD-1 blockade in a Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patient experiencing a complete response to therapy. We find clonally expanded γδ T cells in the blood and tumor after pembrolizumab treatment, and this Vγ2Vδ1 clonotype recognizes Merkel cancer cells in a TCR-dependent manner. Notably, the intra-tumoral γδ T cells in the MCC patient are characterized by higher expression of PD-1 and TIGIT, relative to conventional CD4 and CD8 T cells. Our results demonstrate that innate-like T cells could also contribute to an anti-tumor response after PD-1 blockade.
Potential and electric double-layer effect in electrocatalytic urea synthesis
Authors: Wu Qian , Dai Chencheng , Meng Fanxu , Jiao Yan , Xu Zhichuan J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractElectrochemical synthesis is a promising way for sustainable urea production, yet the exact mechanism has not been fully revealed. Herein, we explore the mechanism of electrochemical coupling of nitrite and carbon dioxide on Cu surfaces towards urea synthesis on the basis of a constant-potential method combined with an implicit solvent model. The working electrode potential, which has normally overlooked, is found influential on both the reaction mechanism and activity. The further computational study on the reaction pathways reveals that *CO-NH and *NH-CO-NH as the key intermediates. In addition, through the analysis of turnover frequencies under various potentials, pressures, and temperatures within a microkinetic model, we demonstrate that the activity increases with temperature, and the Cu(100) shows the highest efficiency towards urea synthesis among all three Cu surfaces. The electric double-layer capacitance also plays a key role in urea synthesis. Based on these findings, we propose two essential strategies to promote the efficiency of urea synthesis on Cu electrodes: increasing Cu(100) surface ratio and elevating the reaction temperature.
Efficient prime editing in two-cell mouse embryos using PEmbryo
Authors: Kim-Yip Rebecca P. , McNulty Ryan , Joyce Bradley , Mollica Antonio , Chen Peter J. , Ravisankar Purnima , Law Benjamin K. , Liu David R. , Toettcher Jared E. , Ivakine Evgueni A. , Posfai Eszter , Adamson Britt 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUsing transient inhibition of DNA mismatch repair during a permissive stage of development, we demonstrate highly efficient prime editing of mouse embryos with few unwanted, local byproducts (average 58% precise edit frequency, 0.5% on-target error frequency across 13 substitution edits at 8 sites), enabling same-generation phenotyping of founders. Whole-genome sequencing reveals that mismatch repair inhibition increases off-target indels at low-complexity regions in the genome without any obvious phenotype in mice.
Immobilized enzyme cascade for targeted glycosylation
Authors: Makrydaki Elli , Donini Roberto , Krueger Anja , Royle Kate , Moya Ramirez Ignacio , Kuntz Douglas A. , Rose David R. , Haslam Stuart M. , Polizzi Karen M. , Kontoravdi Cleo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlycosylation is a critical post-translational protein modification that affects folding, half-life and functionality. Glycosylation is a non-templated and heterogeneous process because of the promiscuity of the enzymes involved. We describe a platform for sequential glycosylation reactions for tailored sugar structures (SUGAR-TARGET) that allows bespoke, controlled N-linked glycosylation in vitro enabled by immobilized enzymes produced with a one-step immobilization/purification method. We reconstruct a reaction cascade mimicking a glycosylation pathway where promiscuity naturally exists to humanize a range of proteins derived from different cellular systems, yielding near-homogeneous glycoforms. Immobilized β-1,4-galactosyltransferase is used to enhance the galactosylation profile of three IgGs, yielding 80.2–96.3% terminal galactosylation. Enzyme recycling is demonstrated for a reaction time greater than 80 h. The platform is easy to implement, modular and reusable and can therefore produce homogeneous glycan structures derived from various hosts for functional and clinical evaluation.
Phenomenon of multiple reentrant localization in a double-stranded helix with transverse electric field
Authors: Ganguly Sudin , Sarkar Suparna , Mondal Kallol , Maiti Santanu K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present work explores the potential for observing multiple reentrant localization behavior in a double-stranded helical (DSH) system, extending beyond the conventional nearest-neighbor hopping (NNH) interaction. The DSH system is considered to have hopping dimerization in each strand, while also being subjected to a transverse electric field. The inclusion of an electric field serves the dual purpose of inducing quasi-periodic disorder and strand-wise staggered site energies. Two reentrant localization regions are identified: one exhibiting true extended behavior in the thermodynamic limit, while the second region shows quasi-extended characteristics with partial spreading within the helix. The DSH system exhibits three distinct single-particle mobility edges linked to localization transitions present in the system. The analysis in this study involves examining various parameters such as the single-particle energy spectrum, inverse participation ratio, local probability amplitude, and more. Our proposal, combining achievable hopping dimerization and induced correlated disorder, presents a unique opportunity to study phenomenon of reentrant localization, generating significant research interest.
Reduced health-related quality of life, fatigue, anxiety and depression affect COVID-19 patients in the long-term after chronic critical illness
Authors: Egger Marion , Wimmer Corinna , Stummer Sunita , Reitelbach Judith , Bergmann Jeannine , Müller Friedemann , Jahn Klaus 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe term chronic critical illness describes patients suffering from persistent organ dysfunction and prolonged mechanical ventilation. In severe cases, COVID-19 led to chronic critical illness. As this population was hardly investigated, we evaluated the health-related quality of life, physical, and mental health of chronically critically ill COVID-19 patients. In this prospective cohort study, measurements were conducted on admission to and at discharge from inpatient neurorehabilitation and 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge. We included 97 patients (61 ± 12 years, 31% women) with chronic critical illness; all patients required mechanical ventilation. The median duration of ICU-treatment was 52 (interquartile range 36–71) days, the median duration of mechanical ventilation was 39 (22–55) days. Prevalences of fatigue, anxiety, and depression increased over time, especially between discharge and 3 months post-discharge and remained high until 12 months post-discharge. Accordingly, health-related quality of life was limited without noteworthy improvement (EQ-5D–5L: 0.63 ± 0.33). Overall, the burden of symptoms was high, even one year after discharge (fatigue 55%, anxiety 42%, depression 40%, problems with usual activities 77%, pain/discomfort 84%). Therefore, patients with chronic critical illness should receive attention regarding treatment after discharge with a special focus on mental well-being.Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00025606. Registered 21 June 2021—Retrospectively registered, https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00025606.