bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is flexible sigmoidoscopy screening associated with reducing colorectal cancer incidence and mortality? a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Wang Xinmiao , Cao Luchang , Song Xiaotong , Zhu Guanghui , Ni Baoyi , Ma Xinyi , Li Jie 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe question of whether flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) for colorectal cancer (CRC) affects incidence or mortality remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to explore this issue.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed for cohort studies (CS), case–control studies, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of people who underwent FS and reported mortality or incidence of CRC until 11 December 2022. Relative risk (RR) was applied as an estimate of the effect of interest. To combine the RRs and 95% confidence intervals, a random-effects model was used. The quality of the included studies and evidence was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale, the Jadad scale, and the “Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation System.”ResultsThere were a total of six RCTs and one CS, comprising 702,275 individuals. FS was found to be associated with a 26% RR reduction in CRC incidence (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.66–0.84) and a 30% RR reduction in CRC mortality (RR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.58–0.85). In the incidence subgroup analysis, FS significantly reduced the incidence of CRC compared with non-screening, usual care, and fecal immunochemical testing. Significance was also shown in men, women, distal site, stages III–IV, ages 55–59, and age over 60. In terms of the mortality subgroup analysis, the results were roughly the same as those of incidence.ConclusionAccording to this study, FS might reduce the incidence and mortality of CRC. To confirm this finding, further prospective clinical studies should be conducted based on a larger-scale population.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023388925.
Serological investigation of vaccine-induced antibodies for measles, rubella, and yellow fever viruses in children vertically exposed to Zika virus or with down syndrome
Authors: Familiar-Macedo Débora , Dias Helver Gonçalves , Carvalho Fabiana Rabe , Pauvolid-Corrêa Alex , da Silveira Mayara Neto , Oliveira Mariana Cavalcante de , Gonçalves Rita de Cássia Ferreira , Vianna Renata Artimos de Oliveira , Cardoso Claudete Aparecida Araujo , Boy da Silva Raquel Tavares , Baumblatt Anna Paula , de-Oliveira-Pinto Luzia Maria 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundVaccination schedules, as well as their effectiveness and contraindications, need to be evaluated regularly, especially in specific situations. Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is a severe condition that results in extensive functional and neurological impairment of fetuses and newborns due to Zika virus tropism for fetal neural progenitor cells. Down Syndrome (DS) is the leading genetic cause of intellectual disability. The immune impairment in DS has already been described, but little is known about the immune response of CZS children. Thus, CZS and DS are specific conditions that can be considered for a reassessment of the available immunizations. Here, we carried out serological analyses of attenuated vaccines-induced antibodies for measles, rubella, and yellow fever viruses in children aged 2–7, grouped into asymptomatic controls, DS children, and CZS children.MethodsPlasma samples were taken, and vaccination records were compiled during clinical follow-up. Enzymatic immunoassays for quantifying anti-measles and anti-rubella IgG were performed to assess the response to the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) was performed to investigate neutralizing antibodies in response to the Brazilian vaccine strain of yellow fever (YF-17DD).ResultsWe highlight similar levels of anti-measles IgG and neutralizing antibodies for YF-17DD among CZS, DS, and asymptomatic children, although low positivity of measles data was seen in the three groups. In DS children, the 2–4-year-old group had an increased level of anti-measles IgG compared to the older group of children aged five to seven years. Lower anti-rubella IgG levels were observed in CZS and DS children compared to asymptomatic children. For anti-rubella IgG, the good performance of vaccination in asymptomatic children is due to younger ones rather than older ones.ConclusionsThere were no reports of adverse events after the use of the MMR and YF-17DD indicating that CZS and DS could continue to receive these vaccines, but our data draws attention to the necessity of monitoring the vaccination response in CZS and DS children over time and the possible need to adhere to national measles vaccination campaigns. Scientific research needs to continue to help develop appropriate CZS and DS health guidelines.
Efficacy and safety profile of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor triple therapy on cystic fibrosis: a systematic review and single arm meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Wenye , Wu Ting , Zhou Zijing , Zuo Zhihong 
Published: December 2023

Background: Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor (ELE/TEZ/IVA) is believed to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF), but the exact efficacy and safety profile are still unknown.Objective: This study aimed to clarify the extent of functional restoration when patients are given with triple combination treatment and demonstrate the prevalence of adverse events, to evaluate the overall profile of ELE/TEZ/IVA on CF.Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Random effects single-arm meta-analysis was performed to decipher the basal characteristics of CF, the improvement and safety profile after ELE/TEZ/IVA treatment.Results: A total 53 studies were included in this analysis. For all the patients in included studies. 4 weeks after ELE/TEZ/IVA treatment, the increasement of percentage of predicted Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (ppFEV1) was 9.23% (95%CI, 7.77%–10.70%), the change of percentage of predicted Forced Vital Capacity (ppFVC) was 7.67% (95%CI, 2.15%–13.20%), and the absolute change of Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire–Revised (CFQ-R) score was 21.46 points (95%CI, 18.26–24.67 points). The Sweat chloride (SwCl) was significantly decreased with the absolute change of −41.82 mmol/L (95%CI, −44.38 to −39.25 mmol/L). 24 weeks after treatment, the increasement of ppFEV1 was 12.57% (95%CI, 11.24%–13.90%), the increasement of ppFVC was 10.44% (95%CI, 7.26%–13.63%), and the absolute change of CFQ-R score was 19.29 points (95%CI, 17.19–21.39 points). The SwCl was significantly decreased with the absolute change of −51.53 mmol/L (95%CI, −56.12 to −46.94 mmol/L). The lung clearance index2.5 (LCI2.5) was also decreased by 1.74 units (95%CI, −2.42 to −1.07 units). The body mass index increased by 1.23 kg/m2 (95%CI, 0.89–1.57 kg/m2). As for adverse events, 0.824 (95%CI, 0.769–0.879) occurred during ELE/TEZ/IVA period, while the incidence of severe adverse events was 0.066 (95%CI, 0.028–0.104).Conclusion: ELE/TEZ/IVA is a highly effective strategy and relatively safe for CF patients and needs to be sustained to achieve better efficacy.Systematic Review Registration: Identifier: CRD42023441840.
Effectiveness and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Han Songfei , Guo Cuishan , Song Zixuan , Ouyang Ling , Wang Yizi 
Published: December 2023

Background: Studies in recent years have shown that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may have better effectiveness in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. The effectiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors is thought to be related to mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) and mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) classification in advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients classified as dMMR and pMMR.Methods: Medical databases were searched to identify relevant publications up to 30 November 2022. The primary outcome was comparison of objective response rate (ORR) in patients with dMMR and pMMR following treatment with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors; secondary outcomes were single-group ORR in patients with dMMR and in patients with pMMR, respectively.Results: Eleven studies were eligible for analysis and patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer with molecular classification of dMMR had a higher total ORR than those with pMMR [odds ratio (OR), 7.70; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.22–18.38; p &lt; 0.01], with low evidence of between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). The total ORR of patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer with molecular type dMMR was 51.9% (95% CI, 33.6%–69.9%). The overall ORR of patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer with molecular type pMMR was 16.1% (95% CI, 5.5%–30.3%).Conclusion: In our including studies, the patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer with molecular types of dMMR and pMMR, following treatment with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, the total ORR of patients with dMMR was higher than that of patients with pMMR. Since the current number of studies is not very large, it is possible that more studies will be published in the future and more precise results will be discussed further.
Acute effect of hydrogen-rich water on physical, perceptual and cardiac responses during aerobic and anaerobic exercises: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded cross-over trial
Authors: Jebabli Nidhal , Ouerghi Nejmeddine , Abassi Wissal , Yagin Fatma Hilal , Khlifi Mariem , Boujabli Manar , Bouassida Anissa , Ben Abderrahman Abderraouf , Ardigò Luca Paolo 
Published: December 2023

Molecular hydrogen (H2 gas) dissolved in water to produce Hydrogen-Rich Water. Hydrogen-Rich Water (HRW) is considered as ergogenic aid in different exercise modes. However, acute pre-exercise HRW ingestion effect is unclear regarding athlete performance. This study aimed at investigating acute effect of HRW ingestion on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance. Twenty-two male amateur middle-distance runners volunteered to participate in this study. In a randomized, double-blind study design, all players ingested 500 mL of HRW or placebo (PLA) supplement 30 min before the start of the tests. Over 4 days, maximal aerobic speed of Vameval test (MAS), time to exhaustion at MAS (Tlim), squat jump (SJ), counter-movement jump (CMJ) and five jump test (5JT) were evaluated. Also, rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and peak heart rate (HRpeak) were measured during the aerobic tests. For Vameval test, HRW ingestion improved MAS, HRpeak and RPE compared with the placebo condition. For Tlim test, HRW ingestion demonstrated improvements in time to exhaustion, RPE and HRpeak. However, no significant change was observed between HW and placebo conditions in SJ, CMJ, 5JT. 500 mL of HRW can significantly improve HRpeak, time to exhaustion, RPE, with no significant effect on MAS, jumping performance in amateur endurance athletes.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevention of internalizing disorders in early childhood
Authors: Bolton Brigid , Rooney Rosanna Mary , Hughes Anya , Hopkins Amber , Mancini Vincent Oreste 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionInternalizing problems comprise a significant amount of the mental health difficulties experienced during childhood. Implementing prevention programs during early childhood may prevent internalizing problems. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of both targeted and universal prevention programs in preventing internalizing problems for children aged 3- to 5-years and their parents.MethodsPsycINFO, Embase, and MEDLINE were systematically searched, and 17 randomized control trials, consisting of 3,381 children, met eligibility criteria. There were seven universal prevention programs, and 10 targeted prevention programs. Four prevention programs were delivered to children, 10 prevention programs were delivered to parents/caregivers, and three prevention programs were delivered to both parents and children.ResultsPrevention programs led to significantly fewer internalizing problems at 6- and 7-month post-intervention (n = 7, p = 0.02, CI −0.69, 0.06) with a small-to-moderate effect size (g = −0.38), however, not at post-intervention or at 12-month follow up.DiscussionOverall, findings suggest that there may be value in ongoing development and evaluation of prevention programs for internalizing problems, as they improve social and emotional wellbeing in students and reduce internalizing difficulties within the 6- to 7-month timeframe following prevention programs.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO: CRD42021261323.
Inactivated vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 in Fujian, China during the Omicron BA.2 outbreak
Authors: Ye Wenjing , Li Kangguo , Zhao Zeyu , Wu Shenggen , Qu Huimin , Guo Yichao , Abudunaibi Buasiyamu , Chen Wu , Cai Shaojian , Chen Cailin , Lin Jiawei , Xie Zhonghang , Zhan Meirong , Ou Jianming , Deng Yanqin , Chen Tianmu , Zheng Kuicheng 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveMore than 90% of the Chinese population have completed 2 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in Mainland China. However, after China government abandoned strict control measures, many breakthrough infections appeared, and vaccine effectiveness against Omicron BA.2 infection was uncertain. This study aims to investigate the real-world effectiveness of widely used inactivated vaccines during the wave of Omicron variants.MethodsTest-negative case-control study was conducted in this study to analyze the vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic disease caused by the Omicron variant (BA.2) in Fujian, China. Conditional logistic regression was selected to estimate the vaccine effectiveness.ResultsThe study found the vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 is 32.46% (95% CI, 8.08% to 50.37%) at 2 to 8 weeks, and 27.05% (95% CI, 1.23% to 46.12%) at 12 to 24 weeks after receiving booster doses of the inactivated vaccine. Notably, the 3–17 years group had higher vaccine effectiveness after 2 doses than the 18–64 years and over 65 years groups who received booster doses.ConclusionInactivated vaccines alone may not offer sufficient protection for all age groups before the summer of 2022. To enhance protection, other types of vaccines or bivalent vaccines should be considered.
The structural characteristics of the lifestyle among older adults and its impact on the health in China
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Miao Haimin , Jin Qiaosen 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveEnhancing overall health remains a primary global objective, with lifestyle being a crucial factor impacting the health status among older adults. This study focuses on the lifestyle of Chinese older adults, systematically exploring the evolution and characteristics of their lifestyle and investigating its impact on their health.MethodsUtilizing panel data from the Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2018, we adopted 15 indicators reflecting older adults’ lifestyle. Latent class analysis and ordinary least square regression were used to uncover the structural nuances of the Chinese older adults’ lifestyle and its effects on health.ResultsThe study identifies three distinct lifestyle categories for the older adults: relatively positive, mixed, and relatively negative. It reveals that the Chinese older adults do not predominantly adopt a positive lifestyle, and this trend persisted from 2008 to 2018. Each improvement in lifestyle category significantly boosts the older adults’ physical health, mental health, and self-assessed health by 11.2%, 3.6%, and 17.1%, respectively.ConclusionTo attain the strategic aim of healthy aging, efforts should prioritize encouraging the older adults to adopt a positive lifestyle, enhance the geriatric health service system, and promote an intelligent lifestyle management model.
Effectiveness of hospital-to-home transitional care interventions and consultation for implementation in Sudan: a scoping review of systematic reviews
Authors: Mohamedsharif Asma , Elfeaki Mohammed , Bushra Rayan , Gemperli Armin 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundHospital discharge is often associated with a lack of continuity resulting in fragmented care, particularly in low-income countries. As there is limited information about interventions in these countries and no study evaluating the effectiveness of hospital discharge interventions, we conducted a scoping review to identify effective hospital-to-home transitional care interventions and explore their applicability in a low-income country (Sudan).MethodsOur scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses classed interventions as effective, ineffective, undesirable, or uncertain, based on the quality of their evidence and their estimated effects on the following outcomes: readmission rates, mortality, costs, quality of life, and adverse outcomes) and certainty of evidence. Our authors from Sudan used the SUPPORT summary tool to determine if three effective interventions could be implemented in Sudan.ResultsOut of 3,276 articles that were identified, and 72 articles were reviewed, 10 articles has been included in the review. Seven interventions were classified as effective, one as ineffective, and none with undesirable effects. Eight interventions were classified as having an uncertain effect. The effective interventions were composed of home visits, information and communication technology (ICT), case manager models, multidisciplinary teams, and self-management support.ConclusionsThe finding of this study suggested that a combining two to four interventions can improve enhance hospital-to-home transitional care. Effective interventions are composed of home visits, ICT, case manager models, multidisciplinary teams, and self-management support. The implementation of these interventions in Sudan was found to be undermined by contextual factors such as inadequate human resources, telecommunication instability, and inequality in accessibility. These interventions could be tailored based on an in-depth understanding of the contextual factors in low-income countries that influence implementation.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://osf.io/9eqvr/, doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/9EQVR
Self-reported visual symptoms and high visual demand activities in professional football players: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Jorge Jorge , Teixeira José , Pinhão Tiago , Delgado Frederico , Salem Alshaarawi , Martino Francesco , Plainis Sotiris 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundVision is crucial for football players, impacting decision-making and athletic performance. Despite its global popularity, football lacks comprehensive evaluations of the impact of digital device use on ocular symptoms during high-demand activities.PurposeTo gain knowledge about the time spent by football players in high visual demand activities, the symptoms associated with binocular vision dysfunction, and their relationship with sports performance.MethodsA cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 2020 using an online survey targeting football players from Portugal, England, Spain, and Saudi Arabia. The survey, distributed over 5 weeks, aimed to collect data from approximately 5,000 football players. Information on player profiles, competitive levels, vision habits, and symptoms related to binocular vision dysfunctions was collected. The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) employed a 5-point Likert scale to indicate the average frequency of each symptom. Due to non-normality, non-parametric tests were used (p &lt; 0.05). Specifically, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, and Spearman's rank correlation tests were used as appropriate.ResultsAnalyzing male professional football players (mean age: 27.4 ± 5.0 years, 95% CI, 26.7–28.1), it was found that 38.1% of the players had been called up to the national team and 6.9% had played over 50 games. Self-rated last season's performance had a mean score of 6.5 ± 2.1 (95% CI, 6.2–6.8)(on a scale of 1 to 10). Smartphone use exceeded 1 h daily for all players, with 36.0% surpassing 4 h. Visual symptoms, notably associated with smartphone use (35.5%), were observed. Regarding the CISS score, the mean was 7.1 ± 7.7 (IC95%: 6.6 to 8.8). A weak negative correlation (rho = −0.215, p = 0.003) emerged between CISS scores and self-perceived sports performance. Football players using prescription lenses had significantly higher CISS scores (11.9 ± 10.4, 95% CI, 12.3–7.7) compared to non-users (6.2 ± 6.8, 95% CI, 7.8–5.7) (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThis study reveals that professional football players engage in high visual demand tasks, notably on smartphones. One-third of the players link smartphone use to ocular symptoms. The Convergence Insufficiency Symptoms Survey indicates that 6.3% exhibit binocular vision dysfunction symptoms. Those with fewer ocular symptoms perceive that they have better sports performance than their counterparts.
Thai veterinarians' perceptions of cannabidiol products for dogs with osteoarthritis: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Nerapusee Osot , Soontornvipart Kumpanart , Pettong Thanakrit , Phongsuchat Nutkritta , Lunsucheep Doungkamol , Patikorn Chanthawat , Vimolmangkang Sornkanok , Anantachoti Puree 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe global popularity of cannabidiol (CBD) led to its approval for human use in Thailand and potential use in animals. Many studies revealed CBD's efficacy in treating chronic osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs. To facilitate tailored CBD product development for canine OA and ensure market success, this study explores Thai veterinarians' perception of CBD for canine OA.MethodsIn-depth interviews were conducted with experienced veterinarians who treated OA in ≥25% of their canine patients. Interview questions covered treatment, CBD perception, and adoption. Interviews were held from January to March 2023.ResultsEleven out of twenty invited veterinarians participated in the study. Though all favored non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for OA in dogs, concerns about adverse reactions, including ulcers and renal failure, emerged. CBD was widely known and was perceived positively for pain, inflammation, cancer, and epilepsy. However, half distinguished CBD from marijuana and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Ten expressed willingness to prescribe CBD for OA upon robust clinical evidence. Worries centered on product consistency and impurities. Many suggested CBD should be under veterinarians' supervision at first, but this can be relaxing once safety and efficacy are established. CBD products should be chewable tablets, oils, or gelatin capsules with flavors like beef, liver, pork, fish, or seafood.ConclusionThough CBD benefits were recognized, knowledge gaps among the participants persisted, warranting robust CBD safety, efficacy, and quality evidence to ensure Thai market success. Comprehensive education, including continuing education for those in practice and incorporating CBD-related topics into the Schools of Veterinary's curriculum, is recommended.