bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex drives colonic mucin sialylation in wild mice
Authors: Bennett Alexander R. , Mair Iris , Muir Andrew , Smith Hannah , Logunova Larisa , Wolfenden Andrew , Fenn Jonathan , Lowe Ann E. , Bradley Janette E. , Else Kathryn J. , Thornton David J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mucin protein glycosylation is important in determining biological properties of mucus gels, which form protective barriers at mucosal surfaces of the body such as the intestine. Ecological factors including: age, sex, and diet can change mucus barrier properties by modulating mucin glycosylation. However, as our understanding stems from controlled laboratory studies in house mice, the combined influence of ecological factors on mucin glycosylation in real-world contexts remains limited. In this study, we used histological staining with ‘Alcian Blue, Periodic Acid, Schiff’s’ and ‘High-Iron diamine’ to assess the acidic nature of mucins stored within goblet cells of the intestine, in a wild mouse population (Mus musculus). Using statistical models, we identified sex as among the most influential ecological factors determining the acidity of intestinal mucin glycans in wild mice. Our data from wild mice and experiments using laboratory mice suggest estrogen signalling associates with an increase in the relative abundance of sialylated mucins. Thus, estrogen signalling may underpin sex differences observed in the colonic mucus of wild and laboratory mice. These findings highlight the significant influence of ecological parameters on mucosal barrier sites and the complementary role of wild populations in augmenting standard laboratory studies in the advancement of mucus biology.
Analyzing Socio-Environmental Determinants of Bone and Soft Tissue Cancer in Indonesia
Authors: Romadhon Yusuf Alam , Kurniati Yuni Prastyo , Jumadi Jumadi , Aleshikh Ali Asghar , Lotfata Aynaz 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
This study is designed to explore the potential impact of individual and environmental residential factors as risk determinants for bone and soft tissue cancers, with a particular focus on the Indonesian context. While it is widely recognized that our living environment can significantly influence cancer development, there has been a notable scarcity of research into how specific living environment characteristics relate to the risk of bone and soft tissue cancers.
Methods
In a cross-sectional study, we analyzed the medical records of oncology patients treated at Prof. Suharso National Referral Orthopedic Hospital. The study aimed to assess tumor malignancy levels and explore the relationships with socio-environmental variables, including gender, distance from the sea, sunrise time, altitude, and population density. Data were gathered in 2020 from diverse sources, including medical records, Google Earth, and local statistical centers. The statistical analyses employed Chi-square and logistic regression techniques with the support of Predictive Analytics SoftWare (PASW) Statistics 18.
Results
Both bivariate and multivariate analyses revealed two significant factors associated with the occurrence of bone and soft tissue cancer. Age exhibited a statistically significant influence (aOR – adjusted odds ratios = 3.270, p = 0.000), indicating a robust connection between cancer development and age. Additionally, residing within a distance of less than 14 kilometers from the sea significantly affected the likelihood of bone and soft tissue cancers (aOR = 2.416, p = 0.029).
Conclusions
The study underscores the strong association between age and the development of these cancers, emphasizing the need for heightened vigilance and screening measures in older populations. Moreover, the proximity to the sea emerges as another noteworthy factor influencing cancer risk, suggesting potential environmental factors at play. These results highlight the multifaceted nature of cancer causation and underscore the importance of considering socio-environmental variables when assessing cancer risk factors. Such insights can inform more targeted prevention and early detection strategies, ultimately contributing to improved cancer management and patient outcomes.
Growth Characteristics of Natural Magnesium Garlic with High Zinc Content and Enzyme Application Research
Authors: Hung Fei-Shuo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Garlic is a widely cultivated crop that contains numerous chemical compounds with health benefits. Both magnesium and zinc are essential nutrients for the human body. Increasing the magnesium content in garlic could stabilize the allicin enzyme, preventing its decomposition or release. Moreover, increasing the zinc content in garlic could enhance its antioxidative properties and health benefits; additionally, zinc plays a vital role in the synthesis of various hormones. In this study, we powdered serpentine derived from natural sources and treated it by microwaving and sintering to enhance its crystallinity as well as its magnesium and zinc ion release rates. The powder was then used to produce a magnesium–zinc solution for cultivating garlic. The growth and garlic enzyme activity of the garlic were then examined. The results revealed that microwaving and sintering the serpentine powder reduced its impurities, enhanced its crystallinity (including surface area), and increased the magnesium and zinc ion release rates. When the cultivation solution was prepared using the powder that was microwaved and then sintered (400°C for 1 h), it exhibited the same beneficial properties as if the solution had been prepared with natural magnesium and zinc ions. The enriched garlic contained 32–41 mg/L of magnesium and10-15 mg/L of zine. It also exhibited more garlic glands and higher sulfide content compared with regular garlic. After air drying, the garlic glands of the enriched garlic remained intact and had high moisture content, indicating its high nutritional value and antioxidative properties. Furthermore, an enriched garlic enzyme extract had an approximately 8-fold increase in alliinase activity compared with an unenriched extract.
An ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma arising from the gallbladder: a rare case report
Authors: Wan Da-Long , Hua Chen-guang , Tong Xin-yu , Yang Xu , Hu Chen , Hu Qing , Ke Qing-Hong , Shen Yan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Ectopic liver (EL) refers to the presence of hepatic tissue outside its normal anatomical location. EL is predominantly localized in the gallbladder, and is prone to hepatocarcinogenesis. However, only a solitary case of ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma (EHCC) arising within the gallbladder has been reported. The uncharacteristic clinical manifestations and abnormal pathological features make it difficult to achieve pre-pathological diagnosis.
Case presentation: We present a forty-year-old Asian female patient with an untreated medical history of hepatitis B, who presented to the hospital with a complaint of elevated α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Both of computed tomography arteriography (CTA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an 1.6cm exogenous nodule in the liver, projecting into the gallbladder fossa. The patient ultimately underwent surgical resection, with histologically confirmation of moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. No signs of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence were observed after a seven-month follow-up.
Conclusions: Herein, retrospective analysis of a rare case of ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma is presented, along with a comprehensive review of the clinical history and prognosis of 24 cases of abdominal EHCC. The combination of AFP levels and advanced imaging techniques facilitates the accurate identification of EHCC. Surgery, in most cases, yields satisfactory outcome.
Stress-Induced Failure of Embodied Cognition
Authors: Wallace Rodrick , Fricchione Gregory 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

We derive the classic Yerkes-Dodson effect of applied stress on real-world performance in a highly natural manner from fundamental assumptions on cognition and its dynamics, as constrained by the asymptotic limit theorems of information and control theories. We further examine how differences in an underlying cognitive probability model might associate with different expressions of psychopathology. Vulnerability to psychopathology is framed as a ratio of toxic stress in the context of ‘noise’ and uncertainty to resilience. A ‘thin tailed’ underlying distribution appears to characterize expression of ‘ordinary’ situational depression/anxiety symptoms induced by stress, while a ‘fat tailed’ underlying distribution appears to be associated with brain structure and function abnormalities leading to serious mental illness where symptoms are not only emerging in the setting of severe stress but may emerge in a highly punctuated manner at relatively lower levels of stress. A simple hierarchical optimization model explores the effects of environmental ‘shadow price’ constraints in buffering or aggravating the effects of stress. Extension of the underlying theory to other patterns of pathology, like immune disorders and premature aging, seems apt. Ultimately, the probability models studied here can be converted to new statistical tools for the analysis of observational and experimental data.
Implantable theranostic device for in vivo real-time NMR evaluation of drug impact: application to brain tumors
Authors: Deborne Justine , Benkhaled Imad , Bouchaud Véronique , Pinaud Noël , Crémillieux Yannick 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The evaluation of the efficacy of a drug is a fundamental step in the development of new treatments or in the personalized therapeutic strategies and management of patients. Ideally, this evaluation should be rapid, possibly in real time, simple to implement and reliable. Moreover, for patients, it should be accompanied by the least possible adverse effects. In this study, we present a device designed to meet these objectives for assessing therapeutic response. This theranostic device is based on the use of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy for the diagnostic aspect and on the application of the convection-enhanced delivery technique for the therapeutic aspect. The miniaturized device is implantable and can be used in vivo in a target tissue. In this study, the device was applied on rodent glioma models with localized administration of choline kinase inhibitor and acquisition of magnetic resonance images and spectra at 7 Tesla. The variations of concentration of key metabolites measured by the device during the administration of the molecules demonstrate the relevance of the approach and the potential of the device.
The perceptions and acceptance of health management information system by health data managers in Rwanda: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hagenimana Fabien , Nishimwe Aurore , Byungura Jean Claude , Tumusiime David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Health Management Information System (HMIS) has the unlimited potential to enhance the quality of healthcare. However, technology can be implemented and still face resistance from users. Since the introduction of Rwanda's HMIS, studies are still scarce to assess its adoption and level of acceptance from the end-users' perspective. This study aimed to assess the perceived usefulness and acceptance of HMIS by Health Data Managers (HDMs) in Rwanda. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to assess HMIS usage. A mixed-method approach was used to collect data from 280 HDMs. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics for distribution and ANOVA to test the correlations between perceptions, institutional factors, technology, and the acceptability of HMIS.
Results
Perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), and technology factors were significantly inter-correlated with each other and with the acceptance of the HMIS system. The degree of HMIS acceptance by HDMs is at 64.4%. HDMs' perceived usefulness (PU) of HMIS highlights its core functionalities.
Conclusion
The significance of HMIS usefulness and acceptance among HDMs in Rwanda is evident but requires further improvement such as continuous training on the use of Health Management Information System, making the system more user-friendly, increasing user support when needed, and ensuring timely communication of updates. HDMs acknowledge the positive influence of HMIS on their achievements.
Decoding Viewer Emotions in Video Ads: Predictive Insights through Deep Learning
Authors: Antonov Alexey , Kumar Shravan Sampath , Headley William , Wood Orlando , Montana Giovanni 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Understanding and predicting viewers’ emotional responses to videos has emerged as a pivotal challenge due to its multifaceted applications in video indexing, summarization, personalized content recommendation, and effective advertisement design. One major roadblock in this domain has been the lack of expansive datasets with videos paired with viewer-reported emotional annotations. We bridge this gap by introducing a deep learning methodology trained on a unique proprietary dataset of over 30,000 real video advertisements, each annotated by an average of 75 viewers. This equates to over 2.3 million emotional annotations across eight distinct categories: anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise, and neutral, coupled with the temporal onset of these emotions. Leveraging 5-second video clips, our approach aims to capture pronounced emotional responses. Our convolutional neural network uses both video and audio to predict salient 5-second emotional clips, achieving an average balanced accuracy of 43.6%, with especially high performance for detecting happiness (55.8%) and sadness (60.2%). When applied to full ads, our model obtains a strong average AUC of 75% in determining emotional undertones. To spur progress, we publicly release our trained network. This work helps overcome previous data limitations and provides an accurate deep learning solution for video emotion understanding.
Perception and knowledge of native people on exotic plant species in the Bargarh district of Western Odisha, India: A case study
Authors: Sahu Alok Ranjan , Raal Ain 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The present study was based on both bibliographic sources and the survey to the documentation of exotic plants in Bargarh district, western Odisha, India. A total of 75 species belonging to 65 genera and 34 families are reported. Asteraceae family contributes the highest number of species (13), six species were from Amaranthaceae; five species each from Leguminosae and Poaceae; four species of Euphobiaceae; three species each from four families viz. Convolvulaceae, Malvaceae, Onagraceae, and Verbenaceae; two species each from six families i.e. Arecaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Capparaceae, Lamiaceae, Portulacaceae, Solanaceae; one species each from rest 19 families. Out of 75 species, a total of 42 species are native to Tropical America; five species are native to Mexico; each of three species to America; each of two species to Africa, Brazil, Europe, the Mediterranean, and South America; each of one species to Australia, Central America, China, Madagascar, Malaysia, North America, Pantropic, Peru, South America (1824), South America (17th cent.), Tropical West Asia, Tropical Africa, Tropical America (Bf1824), Tropical South America, and West Indies. The uses of exotic plants for various purposes as indicated by the native peoples are discussed here. The present study gives complete and efficient documentation of exotic plants in the Bargarh district of Western Odisha that will provide a tool for the maintenance of the local biodiversity. Some plant species such as Alternanthera sessilis, Borassus flabellifer, Cassia tora, Cleome gynandra, Datura metel, Gomphressa globosa, Sida acuta, Zinnia elegans, etc. may have potential as medicinal plants.
SADSE: Search-based Anti-pattern Detection Method by Standard Examples
Authors: Kalhor Somayeh , keyvanpour Mohammad Reza , Salajegheh Afshin , Broumandnia Ali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Anti-patterns occur when software design principles are not followed in the software design and coding process. Although there may be no errors or bugs in the software implementation, the quality of the software is reduced. To improve the quality of the software, its anti-patterns should be identified and corrected. Various software engineering criteria are defined and they are used to detect anti-patterns. Choosing the correct and limited combination of criteria as a detection rule is the main purpose of new automatic anti-pattern detection methods. Selection of base examples in these methods for their training is a challenge, which is highly dependent on software experts. In our method, the anti-patterns identified in open-source programs presented as a standard are used for the base examples to reduce the influence of experts’ tastes in detection. The second challenge in all metric-based methods is the complexity of choosing correct and limited criteria in detection rules which in our method by separating the rule tree for every anti-pattern, considered criteria are limited as much as possible. Therefore, we present the SADSE method, which is a new approach to create anti-pattern detection rules using standard base examples and reduce the complexity of searching for suitable software metrics. to identify the detection rules, a new fitness function is defined in the genetic programming, and the rule tree is created to identify each anti-pattern separately to reduce the complexity of selecting software criteria. The analysis of our method by SERC Benchmark shows that its precision and recall on average for all considered anti-patterns are 97% and 96.9%, respectively.
Transport of Indomethacin from genipin cross-linked chitosan and chitosan-gelatin composite hydrogels: A comparative study
Authors: Goyal Aditya Sandeep , Shenoy Divya , Kamath Rajeshwari R. , Thakur Goutam 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An effort has been made to synthesize genepin cross-linked hydrogel matrices for drug delivery applications. Given to their excellent biocompatibility, chitosan and gelatin were explored for their ability to form hydrogels. The hydrogels were cross-linked with a natural cross-linking agent genipin to improve the mechanical properties of the drug delivery matrices. To assess the cross-linked hydrogels for performance, they were characterized by mechanical compression analysis, gel microstructural visualization & surface morphology (SEM), and the swelling index and drug release profile with Indomethacin. The indomethacin release profile from these hydrogels shows an initial burst release of Indomethacin concentration, while over a period the release eventually becomes controlled. The cytocompatibility of the hydrogels were evaluated with cells.
Transductive Meta-Learning with Enhanced Feature Ensemble for Few-shot Semantic Segmentation
Authors: Karimi Amin , POULLIS CHARALAMBOS 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper addresses few-shot semantic segmentation and proposes a novel transductive end-to-end method that overcomes three key problems affecting performance. First, we present a novel ensemble of visual features learned from pretrained classification and semantic segmentation networks with the same architecture. Our approach leverages the varying dis-criminative power of these networks, resulting in visual features that capture rich and diverse information at different depths. Secondly, the pretrained semantic segmentation network serves as a base class extractor, which significantly reduces false positives. Thirdly, a transductive meta-learning method addresses the prediction by first learning the relationship between labeled and unlabeled data points with matching support foreground to query features (intra-class similarity) and then applying this knowledge to predict on the unlabeled query image (intra-object similarity), which simultaneously learns propagation and false positive suppression. To evaluate our method, we performed experiments on benchmark datasets, and the results demonstrate significant improvement, with minimal trainable parameters 2.98M. Specifically, using Resnet-101, we achieve state-of-the-art performance for both 1-shot and 5-shot Pascal-5i , as well as on 1-shot and 5-shot COCO-20i .
Dermoscopic features of melanocyte-derived tumors in mucosal sites: a case control study
Authors: XIANG ZHANG 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare tumor characterized by aggressive behavior and a poor prognosis. Typically, its diagnosis occurs at the onset of symptoms in advanced lesions, often leading to adverse effects. Dermoscopy significantly enhances the diagnostic accuracy of malignant melanoma, making it valuable for adjunctive diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to investigate the imaging features of cutaneous melanocytic lesions in mucosal areas.
METHODS: Dermoscopic images of melanocytic-derived tumors in mucosal sites up until December 2021 were searched in the International Cooperative Skin Imaging Database. Duplicate and pathologically undiagnosed images were excluded. The diagnostic efficacy of various microscopic modalities were calculated and the impact of age on these features was examined.
Results: Based on our data, the main signs in the skin images of mucosal melanoma were blue-grey dots accompanied by 2 colored structureless areas, both displaying a figure of 93.3% and a specificity of 66.7%. The prevalence of small blue-grey dot structures in MM was significantly higher in comparison to the younger age group (OR 7, 95% CI 5-9, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Blue-grey dots are the most sensitive and specific characteristics associated with diagnosis of MM. Moreover, the presence of blue-grey dots in the elderly population further suggests the likelihood of MM.
Proportion of metabolic syndrome in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with different etiologies: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang DaLong , Wang Hong-Liang , Li Jian-Rong , Su Jia-Yong , Li Min-Jun , Teng Yu-Xian , Deng Zhu-Jian , Li Zhong-Hai , Huang Jian-Li , Guo Ping-Ping , Ma Liang , Li Zhen-Zhen , Zhong Jian-Hong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aims
This study aims to compare the proportion of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiac or kidney comorbidities in patients with hepatectomy hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the context of metabolic dysfunction-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), concurrent CHB/MAFLD, or hepatitis C virus infection.
Methods
This retrospective study included patients with biopsy-proven HCC between March 2013 and March 2023. Cases were divided into MAFLD, CHB, CHB/MAFLD, and HCV groups. Preoperative demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected to compare the proportion of MetS and cardiac or kidney comorbidities.
Results
The proportions in the MAFLD, CHB, CHB/MAFLD, and HCV groups were 5.0% (n = 121), 75.2% (n = 1,822), 17.2% (n = 415), and 2.6% (n = 64), respectively. MAFLD patients had significantly lower proportions of cirrhosis, ascites, portal hypertension, alpha fetoprotein concentration ≥ 400 ng/mL, tumor size > 5cm, multinodular tumours, and microvascular invasion, but had significantly higher proportions of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, overweight, history of cardiovascular diseases, high arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, T-wave changes, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperuricemia than CHB patients. CHB/MAFLD patients also had higher proportion of cirrhosis, ascites, and portal hypertension, but lower proportion of hypertension, overweight, and history of cardiovascular diseases compared to MAFLD patients (all p < 0.05). HCV group had higher proportion of cirrhosis, portal hypertension, ascites, and esophagogastric varices.
Conclusion
HCC patients in the setting of MAFLD have less severe liver disease but with higher proportion of MetS and cardiac or kidney comorbidities.