bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting and Empowering Health for Generation Z by Comparing Health Information Seeking and Digital Health Literacy: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Jiao Wen , Chang Angela , Ho Mary , Lu Qianfeng , Liu Matthew Tingchi , Schulz Peter Johannes 
Published: October 2023

Background
Generation Z (born 1995-2010) members are digital residents who use technology and the internet more frequently than any previous generation to learn about their health. They are increasingly moving away from conventional methods of seeking health information as technology advances quickly and becomes more widely available, resulting in a more digitalized health care system. Similar to all groups, Generation Z has specific health care requirements and preferences, and their use of technology influences how they look for health information. However, they have often been overlooked in scholarly research.

Objective
First, we aimed to identify the information-seeking preferences of older individuals and Generation Z (those between the ages of 18 and 26 years); second, we aimed to predict the effects of digital health literacy and health empowerment in both groups. We also aimed to identify factors that impact how both groups engage in digital health and remain in control of their own health.

Methods
The Health Information National Trends Survey was adopted for further use in 2022. We analyzed 1862 valid data points by conducting a survey among Chinese respondents to address the research gap. A descriptive analysis, 2-tailed t test, and multiple linear regression were applied to the results.

Results
When compared with previous generations, Generation Z respondents (995/1862, 53.44%) were more likely to use the internet to find out about health-related topics, whereas earlier generations relied more on traditional media and interpersonal contact. Web-based information-seeking behavior is predicted by digital health literacy (Generation Z: β=.192, P<.001; older population: β=.337, P<.001). While this was happening, only seeking health information from physicians positively predicted health empowerment (Generation Z: β=.070, P=.002; older population: β=.089, P<.001). Despite more frequent use of the internet to learn about their health, Generation Z showed lower levels of health empowerment and less desire to look for health information, overall.

Conclusions
This study examined and compared the health information–seeking behaviors of Generation Z and older individuals to improve their digital health literacy and health empowerment. The 2 groups demonstrated distinct preferences regarding their choice of information sources. Health empowerment and digital health literacy were both significantly related to information-seeking behaviors.
Cine mexicano de migraciones a Estados Unidos (1922-1988)
Authors: De la Vega Alfaro Eduardo , Vidal Bonifaz Rosario 
Published: October 2023

Prácticamente desde sus inicios como industria, la cinematografía mexicana se sintió muy atraída por plasmar en la pantalla los problemas y asuntos derivados por la siempre compleja y acuciante migración de gente nacida en México rumbo a los Estados Unidos. El presente artículo establece un recorrido por los dos primeros periodos en los que el cine mexicano se dedicó, de manera sistemática, a explorar diversas aristas de ese fenómeno migratorio, centrando sus vías de análisis tanto en las cintas más significativas como en las estrategias esgrimidas por los cineastas que sentaron sus bases de representación fílmica.
Stigma and patient-controlled analgesia: Trust is the essential ingredient of successful patient education in the patient-doctor relationship
Authors: VanAken Trey D 
Published: October 2023

A clinical decision report using:
Van Beers EJ, Van Tuijn CFJ, Nieuwkerk PT, et al. Patient-controlled analgesia versus continuous infusion of morphine during vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease, a randomized controlled trial. Am J Hematol. 2007;82(11):955-960. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.20944
for a patient with recurrent vaso-occlusive crisis secondary to Sickle Cell Disease.
Analysis of QT interval in patients with Idiopathic mitral valve prolapse
Authors: Abdullah Jasim Riyadh , Yousif Hassan Alaa , Abed Shadhar Sabah 
Published: October 2023

Objectives: The aim of study is to assess the relationship between QT interval and IMVP, finding of an explanation for some cases of sudden death, presenting the association of symptoms of IMVP and some types of arrhythmias.
Methods: QTC intervals were measured in 43 patients with idiopathic mitral valve prolapse (11 men and 32 women with mean age 46±17 years). All patients underwent a clinical and echocardiographic examination, and ECG taking to assess the incidence of long QT in patients with IMVP.
Results: The results reveal a higher incidence of prolonged QT interval in patients with IMVP ,36 of 43 patients, while only 2 of 38 as control group. In addition, there were an increase incidence of arrhythmias with prolongation of QT interval.
Conclusion: This study indicates that the patients with IMVP at risk of arrhythmias, also these risks are higher in those patients with very long QT that may leads to serious ventricular arrhythmias.
Quality of Tectona grandis for sawn wood production
Authors: Albuês Theonizi , Pereira Bárbara , Carvalho Amélia , Môra Rômulo , Oliveira Aylson Costa 
Published: October 2023

Forestry companies have invested in genetic improvement to increase wood production in a shorter amount of time. Thus, studies are needed to compare the properties of clonal and seminal wood materials. The objective of this study was to analyze physical and mechanical properties of Tectona grandis from clonal (C1 and C2) and seminal (S) origin and evaluate the yield and quality of sawn wood subjected to outdoor and oven drying. Genetic material was collected from six, 15-year-old trees. Clone C2 presented the lowest amount of bark, and 51 % heartwood up to half the commercial height, while the heartwood of C1 and S went up to 25 % of the height. The three materials did not differ statistically for maximum angular deviation, pith eccentricity, basic density, Janka hardness, anisotropy, commercial income of sawn wood and the presence of knots. After the drying processes, the bowing and crooking indexes were less than 5 mm.m-1, however, the seminal material showed a higher cracking incidence after outdoor and oven drying. In conclusion, the wood properties of the three materials are similar. In addition, the oven drying process is recommended.
Auditor Communication Provisions in Private Loan Agreements: Do They Matter?
Authors: Cheng Lin , Jaggi Jacob , Michas Paul N. , Schatzberg Jeffrey 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARY
We examine auditor communication provisions (ACPs) in private loan agreements, which are private contracting mechanisms establishing communication between lenders and their borrowers’ auditors. We provide evidence that lenders value auditor communications and often specify different types of ACPs that facilitate lender monitoring. With predictable variation across the different ACP types, ACPs are associated with larger loans, longer maturities, larger loan syndicates, more financial covenants, and greater slack in financial covenants. In examining audit effort implications for borrowers, we find that ACPs are associated with higher audit fees and longer audit report lags. This is consistent with auditors responding to the litigation risk ACPs impose. In samples where the risk of third-party litigation is greater, the association between ACPs and audit effort proxies is heightened, suggesting the increased litigation risk brought about by ACPs interacts with other audit client-specific risk factors.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: M42; D82; G21; G30; K40.
Extraction vs nonextraction orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Elias Karim Gamal , Sivamurthy Gautham , Bearn David R. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To compare four first premolar extraction and nonextraction treatment effects on intra-arch width, profile, treatment duration, occlusal outcomes, smile aesthetics and stability.

Materials and Methods
An electronic search of the literature to June 2, 2023 was conducted using health science databases, with additional search of gray literature, unpublished material, and hand searching, for studies reporting nonsurgical patients with fixed appliances regarding sixteen sub-outcomes. Data extraction used customized forms, quality assessed with ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies—of Interventions) and Cochrane RoB 2 (risk-of-bias) tool. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) assessed certainty of evidence.

Results
Thirty (29 retrospective studies, 1 randomized controlled trial) studies were included. Random-effect meta-analysis (95% CI) demonstrated maxillary (MD: −2.03 mm; [−2.97, −1.09]; P &lt; .0001) and mandibular inter-first molar width decrease (MD: −2.00 mm; [−2.71, −1.30]; P &lt; .00001) with four first premolar extraction; mandibular intercanine width increase (MD: 0.68 mm; [0.36, 0.99]; P &lt; .0001) and shorter treatment duration (MD: 0.36 years; [0.10, 0.62]; P = .007) in the nonextraction group. Narrative synthesis included three and five studies for upper and lower lip-E plane, respectively. For American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System and maxillary/mandibular anterior alignment (Little’s irregularity index), each included two studies with inconclusive evidence. There were no eligible studies for UK Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) score. Class I subgroup/sensitivity analyses favored the same results. Prediction interval indicated no significant difference for all outcomes.

Conclusions
Four first premolar extraction results in maxillary and mandibular inter-first molar width decrease and retraction of upper/lower lips. Nonextraction treatment results in mandibular intercanine width increase and shorter treatment duration. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding maxillary intercanine width, US PAR score, and posttreatment smile esthetics. Further high-quality focused research is recommended.
Patinaje de velocidad y alteraciones posturales en niños y adolescentes
Authors: Hidrobo Juan Fernando , González González Horacio Aquiles , Yar Bolaños Paul Jhonatan 
Published: October 2023

Contexto: La postura corporal tiene una gran importancia para la salud, ya que influye en la disposición y las funciones de los sistemas y órganos internos. También es un factor que afecta la estabilidad y el equilibrio; especialmente en los deportistas, desde edades tempranas.
Objetivo: Describir las alteraciones posturales en niños y adolescentes que practican patinaje de velocidad en un club de patinaje de Quito.
Metodología: Investigación descriptiva, observacional, transversal y cuantitativa. La muestra se conformó por 59 patinadores, miembros del Club Deportivo Especializado Formativo “Legionarios Skates”, durante el segundo semestre de 2022, que cumplían con los criterios de selección. Después de obtener las autorizaciones pertinentes se realizaron mediciones antropométricas como parte del test postural estandarizado por el Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador. Los resultados fueron analizados utilizando el software libre Jamovi v2.3.26.
Resultados: El 25,4% de los patinadores eran de sexo masculino, la edad promedio fue (?: 10,4 años; DE: 3,01 años. El 30,5% presentó al menos una alteración postural. El 34% presentó dos. El 18,3% presentó tres. El 6,8% tuvo cuatro y el 5,1% tuvo hasta cinco alteraciones posturales. Solamente el 5,1% de los deportistas se encontró con una postura correcta. Las alteraciones de cabeza y hombros adelantados fueron el hallazgo más frecuente (37%).
Conclusión: Las alteraciones posturales entre los niños y adolescentes que practican patinaje de velocidad son frecuentes. Mediante la posturometría es posible identificarlas para su posterior corrección, de forma temprana, sin la necesidad de realizar estudios de imágenes.
PALABRAS CLAVE: posturología, equilibrio postural, patinaje, medicina deportiva [DeCS]
Influencer Agencies: The Institutionalization of the Digital Attention Economy
Authors: Guld Ádám 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn Lippmann’s media interpretation, attention plays a central role. Already at the beginning of the 20thcentury, the author realizes that to understand the operational characteristics of mass media, it is essential to learn about the nature of consumer attention. Lippmann was one of the first researchers to discover that without examining attention, we cannot understand the patterns of persuasion or political, social, and cultural influence, and the peculiarities of media economy. Thus, in his workPublic Opinion, published in 1922, he devoted a distinct chapter, entitledTime and Attention, to this topic. Lippmann’s legacy lives on with us in this sense as well. With the advent of digital media, new possibilities for exploiting attention appeared, and tracking the characteristics and changes of these is also of great importance in contemporary media research. The following study focuses on the institutionalization of the digital attention economy, and within it deals with influencer agencies as the newest segment of the media and cultural industry.
Reconsidering Arabic Roots for the Tertia Via
Authors: van Lit Cornelis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper reopens the debate on the possibility that Aquinas borrowed his tertia via from a Latin translation of Maimonides ‘Guide for the Perplexed’. After introducing the text of the tertia via, I shall analyze the first part and conclude that while a ‘metaphysical’, tenseless reading is correct, we should not be nervous to call Aquinas’s reasoning for what it is: flawed. Framing the problematic passage in its historical context, I shall then argue that the flaw lies not so much with Aquinas, but with the source he was borrowing from. This is Maimonides’ Dalālat al-ḥāʾirīn (“The Guide for the Perplexed”), and in fact more specifically the blame is to be given to an early translator into Latin.
A New Approach to Detecting and Preventing Populations Stagnation Through Dynamic Changes in Multi-Population-Based Algorithms
Authors: Łapa Krystian , Rutkowska Danuta , Byrski Aleksander , Napoli Christian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a new mechanism for detecting population stagnation based on the analysis of the local improvement of the evaluation function and the infinite impulse response filter is proposed. The purpose of this mechanism is to improve the population stagnation detection capability for various optimization scenarios, and thus to improve multi-population-based algorithms (MPBAs) performance. In addition, various other approaches have been proposed to eliminate stagnation, including approaches aimed at both improving performance and reducing the complexity of the algorithms. The developed methods were tested, among the others, for various migration topologies and various MPBAs, including the MNIA algorithm, which allows the use of many different base algorithms and thus eliminates the need to select the population-based algorithm for a given simulation problem. The simulations were performed for typical benchmark functions and control problems. The obtained results confirm the validity of the developed method.
The Kara Sea as an object of international legal policy of Russia
Authors: Mincheva N. A. 
Published: October 2023

INRTODUCTION. Of all the Arctic seas going into the coast of Siberia, the Kara Sea is conspicuous because of delineation by islands from the rest of the Arctic Ocean. These islands are undisputedly under the sovereignty of Russia from the time immemorial. Such peculiarities have predetermined the character of the power of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union and the contemporary Russia relevant to the Cara Sea. In 2022 seven western States-Members of the Arctic Council introduced their disagreements with Russia relating to the non-Arctic issue, thus breaking the traditional “immunity” of the Arctic from political and legal conflicts in other regions.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The author researched the legal documents of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation along with the research publications relating to the status of the Kara Sea. The methodological basis of the research methods as well as specific methods of jurisprudence are used.RESEARCH RESULTS. In the period of the Russian Empire the international law advisor to the Head of the Russian State asserted only the possibility to qualify the Kara Sea as internal waters of Russia. However, in the period of the Soviet Union the soviet legal scholars unanimously qualified the Kara Sea as part of the state territory of the USSR. However, at the official level no relevant legal act was adopted. In 1985 the Decree of the Government of the USSR was adopted according to which for the first time in the history the previous doctrinal position was dismissed and most of the Kara Sea was qualified as the waters beyond the state’s maritime territory.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. In the author’s opinion, the 1985 the Decree of the Government of the USSR have consequences in the context of general international law, that is it is impossible for the modern Russia to return back to the soviet legal position as formulated by the soviet legal teachings. However, the 2022 breaking by the seven western Arctic states the traditional Arctic “immunity” from the non-Arctic conflicts (as noted above) has made legitimate the responsive measures of the Russian Federation in the Arctic. In this context Russia is entitled to respond by strengthening its regulatory measures in the Kara Sea. The relevant research views regarding such measures are suggested in this article.
Legal Frontier in the Regulation of Cross-Border Public Relations
Authors: Nefedov B. I. 
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION. When it comes to regulating cross-border relations, the rules of law of a given state, foreign national laws and international legal norms are/may all be applicable. In their entirety, these norms form a sort of buffer zone between existing legal systems, i.e. create a legal phenomenon that can be called a legal frontier. It is within the framework of this frontier that numerous legal phenomena occur, with the very concept of their existence in recent years being either challenged or blatantly denied.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The provisions of international treaties, the national legislation of Russia and other states, as well as numerous works of Russian and foreign researchers were used as materials for this study. The study relies on the general scientific and special methods as its methodological foundation.RESEARCH RESULTS. The study found that foreign laws do not coincide, applying them to regulate crossborder relations leads to cases where relations of the same category are managed differently even within a single state. All known sources of law serve as the generators of norms that govern cross-border relations, which is not the case for either domestic or international interstate relations. Additionally, new sources of international legal norms have emerged and their objective is to regulate cross-border public relations not specified in Art. 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice. The article states that significant changes in the theory of general international law (as well as in the general theory of law) are caused by the emergence of self-executing international legal norms designed to regulate cross-border social relations specifically.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The author comes to the conclusion that the emergence of self-executing international legal norms required a change in the very definition of international law, admitting the impossibility of the existence of any universal theory of the relationship between international and national law, as well as specifying the nature of the object and subject of an international treaty. The use of self-executing international legal norms as regulators of crossborder public relations does not transform these relations into international interstate relations and does not turn their subjects into subjects of international law. These relations remain as cross-border relations, and their subjects have an exclusively cross-border legal standing, regardless of which legal system norm was responsible for regulating them.
Evolution of the Syrian Peace Process and the Position of the “Key” States Regarding the Syria’s Return to the Arab Fold
Authors: Rustamova L. R. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The Syrian conflict remains one of the most acute unresolved conflicts of our time. Its internationalization, the active intervention of foreign states, especially the United States and Turkey in the dynamics of the conflict and their military presence on Syrian territory, remain obstacles to the settlement. However, the spring of 2023 was marked by a number of political events in the Middle East, which allow us to take a fresh look at the prospects for the Syrian peace process. Against the backdrop of increasing Israeli strikes against Syria, a serious strengthening of Iran's position and cross-border se­curity threats spreading from Syria in the face of de­teriorating socio-economic indicators in Syria due to Western sanctions, the leading Arab countries began to reconsider their relations with earlier rejected by them President B. Assad and started negotiations on the "return" of Syria to the Arab family. Materials and methods: Russian and foreign studies on the Syrian peace process, news sources of the world media were used as materials for writing the article. The methodological base was made up of discourse analysis and a comparative analysis of the approaches of the largest regional powers to the issue of resolving the Syrian conflict. Research results: The admission of Syria to the League of Arab States, the opening of diplomatic missions of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates and Oman in Syria allow us to conclude that the peace process is now in the hands of the countries of the Middle East region. The peace process also no longer consists of negotiations between the regional countries involved in the conflict and the Syrian government solely over the political structure of Syria, but rather consists of negotiations on the conditions for the legitimization of the Syrian au­thorities. Discussion and conclusion: At the same time, the role of Russia in the peace process is to organize negotiations between Syria and a number of the most authoritative Middle Eastern states: Turkey and Iran, in order to find acceptable conditions for the normalization and withdrawal of their troops from the territory of Syria in exchange for guarantees of their security and maintaining a certain balance of their interests in Syria and the Middle East region as a whole. The existing joint foreign policy interests in other regions of Russia with Turkey and Iran built interdependence relations and gave Moscow certain levers of influence on them in the Syrian negotiation process, which makes it an influential participant in the settlement of the conflict.