bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Becoming a Feminist in the 21st Century: Teen Feminism and Globalization
Authors: Santos Ana Carolina VR 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
According to the World Economic Forum Global Risks Report 2021, global risks strongly affect women and girls. The global conformation of risks that unequally affect girls and women demands globally articulated responses. New social dynamics that take shape with globalization demand a cosmopolitan approach that considers the global rather than the national as an analytical reference. It is from this perspective that this paper analyzed the feminism of adolescents. The aim is to understand how said feminism designed by them reflects cosmopolitan experiences of “becoming a feminist.” Through semi-structured interviews and the usage of “frames,” it is demonstrated that the interviewees share, with international artists, their issues, values, and actions, shaping a novelty in the way the process of becoming a feminist is classically treated by literature, laying aside the “methodological nationalism” and adopting a “cosmopolitan” approach that considers the world in its diversity and interconnection.
Reference ranges of thyroid hormones during the first trimester in Catalan women using the Atellica® IM Solution Immunoassay Analyzer
Authors: Giralt Marina , Díaz-Troyano Noelia , Comas Immaculada , Blanco Albert , Conesa Laura , Mendoza Manel , Zafon Carles , Goya María , Ferrer Roser 
Published: November 2023

Background Gestational hypothyroidism has been shown to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes as well as adverse outcomes for the child. Thyroid hormones concentrations change in gestation, especially within the first trimester, so the results of thyroid function test often are outside non-pregnant reference ranges. The objective of this study was to establish the first trimester reference ranges for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) for pregnant women in Barcelona (Spain). Methods It was a prospective study in which 673 women were recruited during their first trimester of gestation (8–13 weeks). Serum TSH, FT4 and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were measured with Atellica® IM 1600 (Siemens Healthineers). After excluding 418 women, the reference ranges for TSH and FT4 were calculated by the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. Potential variables examined in this study were age, body mass index (BMI), ethnicity, iodine supplementation and smoking habit. Results The reference ranges established on the Atellica® IM 1600 for the first trimester pregnancy in our population were 0.111 to 4.291 mIU/L for TSH and 11.45 to 17.76 pmol/L for FT4. No significant differences were found in thyroid hormones concentrations regarding maternal age (≤30 years vs >30 years) ( p = .117), iodine supplementation ( p = .683) and smoking habit ( p = .363). The prevalence of TPOAb was estimated at 10.0%. Conclusions We found that in our local population, the optimal TSH upper reference limit in the first trimester of gestation was 4.3 mIU/L, similar to that proposed by de ATA-2017 guideline (4.0 mIU/L).
Not open and shut: Complex and prolonged blood-brain barrier responses after stroke
Authors: Mandeville Emiri T , Buchan Alastair M , Tiedt Steffen 
Published: November 2023

Blood-brain barrier dysfunction (BBB) occurs rapidly after stroke and contributes to edema, inflammation, and secondary brain injury including haemorrhage. Two recent studies shed light on the temporal extent of post-stroke BBB dysfunction as well as its consequences for drug delivery. Zhang et al. found increases in BBB permeability that persist up to one-year post-ischemia. Despite increased paracellular leakage, Stanton et al. showed that transcellular transporter systems are required to deliver therapeutics into brain parenchyma. Both studies remind us of the complexity of BBB responses after stroke and provide novel entry points for future research into the underlying mechanisms.
A longitudinal prospective study of septoplasty impact on headache and allergic rhinitis in patients with septal deviation
Authors: Feroz Shanila , Dawood Muhammad Hamza , Sohail Sheza , Daniyal Muhammad , Zafar Ayesha , Shahid Ukashah Bin , Ahmed Shamim 
Published: November 2023

Objective To measure the severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) and different types of headaches in patients with septal deviation before and after septoplasty. Methods This multicentre, prospective, longitudinal, observational study enrolled patients with deviated nasal septum, nasal symptoms and headaches associated with persistent AR lasting at least 2 months without resolution. The nasal obstruction evaluation (NOSE) scale, immunoglobulin-E (Ig-E) levels and visual analogue scale (VAS) for headache pain severity were evaluated before and after septoplasty using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results A total of 196 patients were enrolled in the study (102 males; 94 females). A total of 134 patients (68%) were diagnosed with severe AR and 166 (85%) experienced headaches with AR. The majority (100 of 166 patients; 60%) had sinusoidal headaches, while 25% (42 of 166 patients) reported a combination of sinusoidal headache and migraine and 14% (24 of 166 patients) experienced migraines. A comparison of preoperative and postoperative Ig-E levels, NOSE and VAS scores demonstrated that septoplasty significantly improved AR symptoms and headaches. Although there were significant improvements in headaches overall post-septoplasty, only the sinusoidal components improved, while migraine remained unaffected. Conclusion Septoplasty improved AR and sinusoidal headaches in patients with septal deviation, but migraines remained unaffected.
Identification of Relationships Among Resilience Factors Using Network Analysis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Niitsu Kosuke , Lee Chiyoung , Rice Michael J. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Although college life can be fulfilling, it can be stressful, particularly for health professional students. In addition, they may have had Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that increases their sensitivity to academic stress. Yet, students need to overcome challenges to become successful professionals. The literature suggests the following factors may be associated with resilience: ACE and academic stress as the antecedents; ego-resilience, emotion regulation, resources, social support, inflammatory markers, and genes as the defining attributes; and mental health and sense of coherence (SOC) as the consequences. AIMS: The purpose is to identify the relationships among factors associated with resilience using network analysis. METHODS: A total of 70 college students participated in this cross-sectional pilot study. They completed measures of psychosocial variables and provided saliva samples, which were analyzed for Serotonin Transporter-Linked Promoter Region (5-HTTLPR)/rs25531 and inflammatory markers. Mixed graphical models including all variables were estimated using the R-package mgm. RESULTS: Network analysis revealed positive associations between (1) mental health and SOC; (2) mental health and resources; (3) mental health and social support; (4) SOC and reappraisal of emotion regulation; (5) resources and reappraisal of emotion regulation; and (6) resources and social support. In addition, SOC and academic stress were negatively associated. Furthermore, the short variant of 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 was associated with stronger suppression of emotion regulation and fewer resources compared with the long variant. CONCLUSION: Resilience may be influenced by biopsychosocial factors, notably SOC and 5-HTTLPR/rs25531. However, longitudinal research is needed with a larger sample size to better understand how these and other factors may affect resilience.
Efficacy and Tolerability of Semaglutide in Patients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: Experience of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Pakistan
Authors: Wajid Maria , Sattar Saadia , Khalid Farah , Masood Muhammad Qamar 
Published: November 2023

Background: Semaglutide, a Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is highly effective as an anti-diabetic medication along with additional benefits of significant reduction in cardiovascular events and weight. Objectives: There is a lack of reliable evidence confirming the benefits of Semaglutide in the Pakistani cohort. Our study aims to ascertain the efficacy of Semaglutide in the Pakistani cohort and patient satisfaction. Methods: An ambi-directional cohort study was conducted from August 2022 to January 2023 at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. A chart review was done for all patients with Type 2 diabetes who were prescribed Semaglutide, and baseline data was recorded. Patients were followed prospectively in the endocrinology clinics after at least 3 months for the change in HbA1c, BMI, adverse effects profile, treatment satisfaction questionnaire for medications (TSQM-9) and medication effect score. Mean + STD or median with IQR were computed for continuous data, while categorical variables and percentages were measured. The association between variables was assessed by applying the chi-square test. Results: A total of 112 patients were recruited who took the medication for at least 3 months. The mean age of the patients was 50.9 ± 10.5 years with 51.2% females. The mean difference in weight, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and medication effect score were decreasing from baseline to follow-up (−4.0 kg, −1.5 kg/m2, −23.1 mg/dl, −1.2%, −0.4) respectively. A decrease in appetite was reported in 72.7% of the participants. The major adverse effects observed were dyspepsia (21.4%) followed by nausea (20.5%) and constipation (19.6%). Medication was discontinued in 9.8% of patients due to gastrointestinal side effects. The majority (72.3%) of patients were satisfied with their medication. Conclusion: Semaglutide is effective in reducing HbA1c and weight in Pakistani population with measurable tolerability and patient satisfaction.
An aggressive form of MOGAD treated with aHSCT: A case report
Authors: Sbragia Elvira , Boffa Giacomo , Varaldo Riccardo , Raiola Anna Maria , Ghiso Anna , Gambella Massimiliano , Benedetti Luana , Angelucci Emanuele , Inglese Matilde 
Published: November 2023

Background: Although myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG)–antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) has been considered a more favorable demyelinating central nervous system disorder, recent data evidence that some patients might experience severe relapses and high disability. Actual treatment-options are acquired mostly from anti-aquaporin-4-antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and rely on clinical experience. Therefore, treatment of aggressive forms of MOGAD can be challenging. Objectives and methods: To describe a patient with an aggressive MOGAD treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). Results: A 56-year-old man was diagnosed with MOGAD in 2017 because of right optic-neuritis and anti-MOG-antibody positivity. In the following 2 years, he experienced two optic neuritis with good recovery after high-dose steroid. At the end of 2019, he presented sensory and motor impairment at lower limbs with evidence of several spinal, longitudinally extended, tumefactive inflammatory lesions. Despite sequential treatment with rituximab and tocilizumab alongside high-dose steroid, intravenous immunoglobulins and plasma-exchange, he experienced several clinical relapses and exhibited persistent magnetic resonance activity. He was finally addressed to intense immunosuppression with myeloablative conditioning regimen followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). After 2 years follow-up, he is free from disease-activity. Conclusions: In a patient affected by aggressive, treatment-refractory MOGAD, aHSCT resulted as safe and was able to suppress disease-activity for over 2 years.
Enhancing post-diagnostic care in Australian memory clinics: Health professionals’ insights into current practices, barriers and facilitators, and desirable support
Authors: Pavković Slađana , Goldberg Lynette Ruth , Farrow Maree , Alty Jane , Abela Melissa , Naismith Sharon , Sachdev Perminder , Low Lee-Fay 
Published: November 2023

Introduction Providing integrated and evidence-based support to individuals and families following a diagnosis of dementia is essential in order to optimise their quality of life and assist them to live well. Memory clinics provide multidisciplinary services specialising in the assessment and post-diagnostic treatment of people with dementia. This study sought to identify current practices, barriers and facilitators to provision of postdiagnostic support and to obtain health professionals’ opinion of ideal post-diagnostic support to be offered in Australian memory clinics. Methodology This was a cross-sectional qualitative exploratory study. Data was collected from health professionals familiar with the process of diagnosis and post-diagnostic support through two expert panel meetings ( n = 22). In addition, 5 focus groups ( n = 22) were conducted including health professionals who are employed in Australian memory clinics. Data was collected between October 2020 and November 2021. Reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken. Results Seven themes and three subthemes were identified under the three topics: Current Practices, Barriers and Facilitators, and Desirable Support. Themes relating to Current Practices were: Tailored Communication and feedback about diagnosis; Prescription of medications and follow-up; and Referrals to health and community services. Themes relating to Barriers and Facilitators were: The structure of the current system; Lack of funding; Lack of resources; Call for government investment. Themes relating to Desirable support were: A key/single point of support; Cognitive interventions; and Counselling and education. Conclusion Post-diagnostic support in Australian memory clinics focused primarily on ensuring people understood their diagnosis, information about postdiagnostic support was provided, and dementia medications were prescribed. There were notable differences in practices in metropolitan compared to regional areas. A key concern was the need for increased funding, particularly to support the establishment of a single point of contact to facilitate continuity of care.
Mechanical, morphological, and dimensional properties of heat-treated fused deposition modeling printed polymeric matrix of polyethylene terephthalate glycol
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Singh Inderjeet , Kumar Dinesh , Mago Jonty , Koloor S S R 
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the impact of heat treatment on the mechanical, morphological, and dimensional properties of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), a commonly used thermoplastic in 3D printing. Taguchi L25 orthogonal array (OA) was employed to optimize 3D printing parameters, considering factors such as infill percentage (ranging from 20% to 100%), layer height (0.12 mm to 0.28 mm), layer width (0.32 mm to 0.62 mm), and infill pattern. Following ASTM D638 type IV standards, mechanical testing revealed that the optimal printing conditions included a 100% infill percentage, a layer height of 0.16 mm, a layer width of 0.32 mm, and an infill pattern of 5. Specimen 22, produced under these conditions, exhibited a notable stress-bearing capacity of 46.43 ± 1.394 MPa. These results are consistent with previous studies that underscored the significance of high infill percentages and finer layer dimensions in enhancing tensile properties. Subsequently, these optimized specimens were exposed to various heat treatment conditions. It was discovered that heat treatment at 85°C for 15 min yielded the most significant improvements, increasing the stress-bearing capacity to 53.462 ± 1.604 MPa, representing an impressive ∼16% enhancement compared to non-heat-treated specimens. However, this treatment also led to increased brittleness. Morphological analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) further substantiated the findings. Specimens subjected to heat treatment at 85°C exhibited fewer voids and porosities than those printed with lower infill percentages and larger layer dimensions. These observations underscored the importance of adequate infill density and finer printing details for optimizing strength. Regarding dimensional stability, dimensional changes were meticulously measured after heat treatment. Notably, specimens subjected to heat treatment at or near the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PETG experienced the most significant shrinkage. Specimen 6, treated at 85°C, displayed the highest shrinkage, with length and width reductions of 133.30 ± 3.85 mm and 25.90 ± 0.87 mm, respectively.
Access to and quality of care for sexual and gender minority women living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada: Results from a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Perrin H , Shannon K , Lowik AJ , Rich A , Baral S , Braschel M , Deering K 
Published: November 2023

Background: While scarce, literature suggests that women at the intersection of HIV status and gender and/or sexual minority identities experience heightened social and health disparities within health care systems. Objectives: This study examines the association between sexual and/or gender minority identities and: (1) experiences of poor treatment by health professionals and (2) being unable to access health services among a cohort of women living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada. Design: Data were drawn from a longitudinal community–based cohort of women living with HIV (Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Women’s Longitudinal Needs Assessment). Methods: We examined associations between sexual and/or gender minority identities and the two outcomes. We drew on explanatory variables to measure sexual minority and gender minority identities independently and a combined variable measuring sexual and/or gender minority identities. The associations between each of these three variables and each outcome were analysed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations for repeated measures over time. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals are reported. Results: The study sample included 1460 observations on 315 participants over 4.5 years (September 2014 to February 2019). Overall, 125 (39.7%) reported poor treatment by health professionals and 102 (32.4%) reported being unable to access health care services when needed at least once over the study period. A total of 110 (34.9%) of participants reported sexual and/or gender minority identities, 106 (33.7%) reporting sexual minority identities, with 29 (9.2%) reporting gender minority identities. In multivariable analysis, adjusting for confounders, sexual minority identities, and combined sexual and/or gender minority identities were significantly associated with increased odds of experiencing poor treatment by health professionals (sexual minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.39 (0.94–2.05); sexual and/or gender minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.48 (1.00–2.18)) and being unable to access health services (sexual minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.89 (1.20–2.97); sexual and/or gender minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.91 (1.23–2.98)). In multivariable analysis, gender minority identities were not significantly associated with increased odds of experiencing poor treatment by health professionals (gender minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.38; 95% CI = 0.76–2.52) and being unable to access health services (gender minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.72; 95% CI = 0.89–3.31) possibly due to low sample size among women with gender minority identities. Conclusion: Our findings suggest the need for access to inclusive, affirming, trauma-informed health care services tailored specifically for and by women living with HIV with sexual and/or gender minority identities.
Exercise Immunology Applied to Pediatric Sport and the Importance of Monitoring Stages of Puberty and Biological Maturation
Authors: Almeida-Neto Paulo Francisco de , de Medeiros Jason Azevedo , Jaggers Jason R. , Ferreira Ayrton Bruno de Morais , de Assis Gilmara Gomes , Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco , Dantas Paulo Moreira Silva 
Published: November 2023

Context: Exercise immunology is aimed at understanding how exercise sessions can affect the immune system in athletic subjects of different age groups. The objective of the current study was to discuss in which stage of biological maturation (BM) young athletes may be more vulnerable in relation to the immune system, and whether there is a BM range in which it is safer to perform sports training with strenuous exercise loads. Evidence Acquisition: Evidence from scientific research from several scientific disciplines (eg, immunology, sport immunology, pediatrics, sports medicine, human development) was gathered to holistically examine the main particularities of exercise immunology as applied to pediatric sport. Study Design: Narrative review. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Results: In pediatric patients, lymphoid tissue expands during puberty and involutes after puberty until it returns to pre-expansion values. This suggests that there is a specific period in which the immune system may be stronger, which may provide opportunities for strenuous exercise in pediatric athletes. However, the chronological period when puberty occurs will be determined by BM, which is the rate at which the biological systems of the human body improves. This may affect the period of lymphoid tissue expansion and, consequently, the behavior of the immune system in pediatric subjects of the same age category. Conclusion: During puberty, there is a significant increase in the proinflammatory profile; to compensate for this, there is an expansion of lymphoid tissue that may favor the efficiency of the immune system. The period in which puberty is reached may vary according to the stages of BM. Therefore, in exercise immunology applied to pediatric sports, in addition to external and internal training loads, it is necessary to consider BM and puberty, which have been shown to be safer biomarkers than chronological age for determining immune system behavior in pediatric athletes. Strength-of-Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT): Evidence B level 3.
Clinical impact of pharmacists’ interventions in intensive care units in a tertiary institution in Singapore – A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Soong Jie Lin , Ang Lee Yi , Chan Jeremy Lin En , Lie Sui An 
Published: November 2023

Background and aim Previous studies have deemed pharmacists essential in the intensive care units (ICU) to provide quality healthcare and ensure medication safety. As the impact of pharmacists in ICU varies according to different factors, our study aims to characterise and evaluate the impact of pharmacists’ interventions in ICUs in Singapore, to enable the identification of areas of improvement in our critical care pharmacy practice. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 7 months of pharmacists’ interventions in five ICUs at Singapore General Hospital. Interventions were classified based on the medication-related problems (MRPs) addressed. The impact of pharmacists’ interventions was assessed by rating the severity of error in medication order, the clinical relevance of intervention, and the probability of adverse drug events (pADE) that would have occurred without pharmacists’ interventions. Results There were 619 interventions addressing 775 MRPs, of which 91.1% were accepted. The main MRP identified was inappropriate drug regimen (49.2%) and the medication class most frequently involved in MRPs was anti-infectives (56.9%). Majority of the interventions were rated as significant for both the severity of error (76.9%) and clinical relevance (72.4%). However, the pADE was deemed to be low (61.2%). The rating of pADE may be affected by the lack of information in patient profiles. Conclusion This study demonstrated the crucial role of pharmacists in ensuring medication safety in ICUs. Possible areas of service improvement include educating medical residents on common medication errors and empowering pharmacists towards collaborative prescribing.