bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generative deep learning furthers the understanding of local distributions of fat and muscle on body shape and health using 3D surface scans
Authors: Leong Lambert T. , Wong Michael C. , Liu Yong E. , Glaser Yannik , Quon Brandon K. , Kelly Nisa N. , Cataldi Devon , Sadowski Peter , Heymsfield Steven B. , Shepherd John A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundBody shape, an intuitive health indicator, is deterministically driven by body composition. We developed and validated a deep learning model that generates accurate dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans from three-dimensional optical body scans (3DO), enabling compositional analysis of the whole body and specified subregions. Previous works on generative medical imaging models lack quantitative validation and only report quality metrics.MethodsOur model was self-supervised pretrained on two large clinical DXA datasets and fine-tuned using the Shape Up! Adults study dataset. Model-predicted scans from a holdout test set were evaluated using clinical commercial DXA software for compositional accuracy.ResultsPredicted DXA scans achieveR2of 0.73, 0.89, and 0.99 and RMSEs of 5.32, 6.56, and 4.15 kg for total fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and total mass, respectively. Custom subregion analysis results inR2s of 0.70–0.89 for left and right thigh composition. We demonstrate the ability of models to produce quantitatively accurate visualizations of soft tissue and bone, confirming a strong relationship between body shape and composition.ConclusionsThis work highlights the potential of generative models in medical imaging and reinforces the importance of quantitative validation for assessing their clinical utility.
Catching Dory: selling aquarium fish supports coastal livelihoods in Indonesia
Authors: Swanson S. S. , Gutierrez E. , Moore A. M. , Souza T. , Ndobe S. , Jompa J. , Crowder L. B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe global marine aquarium trade has created new local markets across the planet, including in Indonesia, now the second-largest exporting country of marine aquarium fish in the world. Participating in the global aquarium trade has been touted as a potentially sustainable addition to fisher livelihoods, but scant data exist showing the numbers of fish coming off the reef and how those fish contribute to income. To determine how participants in the trade incorporate aquarium species in their livelihoods, we examine source-level aquarium fish collecting and trading data in the Banggai Archipelago, a region in Central Sulawesi that has become a significant source for popular aquarium, also known as ornamental, fish species. Using a sustainable livelihoods lens, we examine this data to understand how participants in the aquarium trade both contribute to as well as benefit from the trade and consider how their participation relates to emerging Blue Justice principles. From one year of buying and selling data at the fisher, intermediary buyer, and regional trader levels, we show that catching and selling fish for the aquarium trade represents an average of nearly 20% of their gross annual income and provides added diversity and flexibility to fisher and trader livelihoods in the region, especially during seasons of rough weather. We suggest that managers of an impending marine protected area in the region would do well to consider how to sustain these livelihood benefits.
In situ growth engineering of ultrathin dendritic PdNi nanosheets on nitrogen-doped V2CTx MXenes for efficient hydrogen evolution
Authors: Sun Chaohai , Tan Yong , Wen Yong , Yang Yang , Guo Fang , Huang Hongyan , Ma Wanli , Cheng Si 
Published: January 2024

We present an approach to prepare Pd58Ni42/N-TBA-V2CTx electrocatalysts for highly efficient hydrogen evolution through in situ growth nanodendritic PdNi nanosheets on nitrogen-doped V2CTx supports.
Impairment‐aware resource allocation scheme for elastic optical networks with different service priorities
Authors: Munasinghe Kusala , Dharmaweera Nishan , de Alwis Chamitha , Wijewardhana Uditha , Parthiban Rajendran 
Published: January 2024

AbstractToday, elastic optical networks (EONs) are required to accommodate traffic with different service priorities. For example, mission‐critical applications such as industrial internet, smart grids, and remote surgery require an ultra‐reliable low‐latency communication system. The novel impairment‐aware resource allocation scheme proposed here prioritises traffic. It satisfies the quality and latency requirements of mission‐critical traffic while causing minimum disruptions to other forms of low‐priority traffic connections. The results obtained for 6‐node and 14‐node networks under various traffic distribution environments indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves higher spectral efficiency, reduces spectrum fragmentation, and causes minimal disruptions over the benchmark algorithm.
Joint optimization of sampling point and sensing threshold for spectrum sensing
Authors: Li Yuebo , Ouyang Wenjiang , Miao Jiawu , Mu Junsheng , Jing Xiaojun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the continuous evolution and in‐depth integration between wireless communication and emerging technology such as internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI) etc., wireless terminals are growing exponentially, thus bringing great challenges to available spectrum resources. The contradiction between unlimited frequency needs and limited spectrum resources has become a bottleneck restricting the development of wireless communication technology. As an efficient way to improve spectrum efficiency, cognitive radio (CR) continues to be the focus of wireless communication within decades. To conduct CR, the main procedure is the discovery of available spectral holes by periodically monitoring the target authorized band, namely spectrum sensing (SS). Energy detector (ED) is widely accepted for SS due to its low complexity and high convenience. The essence of traditional ED based SS schemes consist in the adaptive variation of sensing threshold/sampling point with environmental signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver of CR terminal, namely adaptive sensing threshold/sampling point based SS. However, the performance of both adaptive sensing threshold and adaptive sampling point based SS schemes are always at the expense of computation complexity due to the excessive sampling point. In addition, these two schemes are both about the optimization issue of a single variable under constraints. Actually, both detection probability and false alarm probability of ED are a two‐dimensional function of sensing threshold and sampling point for a given SNR. The optimal solution of sensing performance can not be obtained by optimizing sensing threshold or sampling point alone. Motivated by these, the joint optimization of sampling point and sensing threshold is considered for SS in this paper, where sampling point and sensing threshold are jointly adaptive with the variation of environmental SNR. In addition, Q‐learning is considered in this paper to obtain the sub‐optimal solution due to the non‐convexity of the considered optimization problem. Finally, the simulation experiments are made and the results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Interpolation of positive matrices by quantum‐inspired optimal control
Authors: Jiang Chen , Pan Yu , Yang Yi , Dong Daoyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInterpolation of probability distributions can be formulated as an optimal transport problem. Positive matrix, which can be viewed as the generalization of probability distribution to higher dimension, is used in quantum theory to describe the state of a quantum system. Here, a quantum‐inspired method for the interpolation of positive matrices is proposed. Particularly, this method employs the quantum state purification of the positive matrices in an extended space. Since pure state controllability can be easily achieved using open‐loop coherent control, the continuous interpolation of positive matrices is given as a completely positive map induced by simulating the optimal control for pure state transfer. The quantum‐inspired interpolation is shape‐preserving with applications to tensor field processing.
An energy‐efficient timetable optimization method for express/local train with on‐board passenger number considered
Authors: Liu Zhen , Pan Jinshan , Yang Yuhua , Chi Xinyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the expansion of the metropolitan area, the application of express/local mode is gradually increasing. In contrast to the normal mode, the express/local mode has advantages in reducing energy consumption and saving total travel time by having express trains skipping some stops. This paper aims to minimize the total energy consumption of express and local train throughout the day by optimizing the train operation strategy in the same power supply section and increasing the overlap time between train traction acceleration and train regenerative braking to obtain the optimal energy‐efficient timetable. As the consumed energy of a train is highly dependent on the rolling stock weight and the on‐board passengers’ weight. An integer programming model is proposed with on‐board passengers considered accurately, in which the dwell times, departure headway, and total turnaround time of express and local trains are determined. An improved grey wolf algorithm is designed by improving convergence factor and incorporating differential evolution to solve the proposed problem. The real data on Guangzhou Metro Line 18 is adopted for numerical studies. The results show that the optimized timetable increases the regenerative energy utilization rate by 21.37% and reduces the total energy consumption by 5.02% compared to the operational timetable.
Optimizing energy consumption in smart homes: Load scheduling approaches
Authors: Ikram Arafat Ibne , Ullah Aasim , Datta Durjoy , Islam Ashraful , Ahmed Tanvir 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRising fuel prices, global warming, and environmental damage are leading to increased demand for rooftop solar energy systems connected to the power grid. The development of smart grids, modern metering systems, and energy management could promote energy conservation in households. In this study, two different meta‐heuristic optimization techniques were employed to schedule the shiftable load in suitable hours for decreasing electricity costs and minimizing peak to average ratio in a smart home while maintaining optimum user comfort. For power generation and storing energy, a grid‐connected residential load with rooftop solar panels, a battery, and an inverter is considered. First, the problem is theoretically described using a load model and an objective function, with the primary goal of reducing power costs by moving the time of usage for certain home appliances. Simulations validate the proposed strategies, which effectively reduce power costs by 4.5% by shifting the time of use, with both optimization algorithms showing similar output. The residential electricity cost before optimization was 507.12 BDT/day, which decreased to 484.33 BDT/day after optimization without compromising load turn‐off.
State observation control strategy of bidirectional resonant DC/DC converter in building DC system
Authors: Li Guiyu , Wang Jianhua , Jin Xiaokuan , Xiong Xiong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a state observation control method for a bidirectional CLLLC resonant converter to solve the problem of output voltage stability of an isolated bidirectional DC–DC converter in building DC power distribution systems. Combining time domain and frequency domain analysis, this paper presents the modelling process of CLLLC converter from equivalent circuit analysis, harmonic approximation to extended description function rewriting. Then the design process of the state observation control method is given, that is, the linearization analysis is carried out according to the modelling results of the extended description function, the state equation of the converter is obtained, and the state observer and controller are designed according to the modern control theory. Finally, a full‐bridge CLLLC converter experimental platform is built. Experimental results show that the control method designed in this article can achieve steady‐state recovery of the output voltage under millisecond‐level load switching, and is superior to PI control in terms of overshoot and steady‐state performance.
Effects of Face-to-Face Education Followed by Mobile Messaging to
Primiparas on Maternal-Neonatal Care, Breastfeeding, and Motherhood Experience:
A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Baransel Esra Sabancı , Çalışkan Birgül Ekici 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of education on
breastfeeding and basic maternal-neonatal care and mobile message support given
to primiparous women in the postpartum period on breastfeeding and motherhood
experiences.
Methods This prospective randomized controlled study was conducted in a
hospital located in a city in Turkey, with 130 primiparous patients in the
postpartum period (65 individuals in the experimental group and 65 individuals
in the control group). Participants in the experimental group were provided with
education on breastfeeding and basic maternal-neonatal care at the hospital, and
mobile messages were sent with the same content as an education program for six
weeks after discharge.
Results Mean scores of the breastfeeding self-efficacy (58.95 vs. 54.87;
P<.05) and breastfeeding attitude (60.80 vs. 57.55; P<.05) are
significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group.
Similarly, the mean score of satisfaction with the motherhood experience is
significantly improved in the experimental group compared to the control group
(22.95 vs. 26.46; P<.05). It was determined that 89.2% of the
women in the experimental group were still breastfeeding; 93.8% of them
did not have nipple problems, and 60% of them did not use a bottle or
pacifier in the six-month postpartum period (P<.05).
Conclusion Education on breastfeeding and basic maternal-neonatal care
given in the early postpartum period and mobile messages sent for six weeks
after discharge may help to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding
attitude, and maternal experience satisfaction among primiparous women.
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis and new therapeutic
concepts
Authors: Rodriguez Gonzalez Claudio , Schevel Hannah , Hansen Gesine , Schwerk Nicolaus , Lachmann Nico 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is an umbrella term used to refer to a
pulmonary syndrome which is characterized by excessive accumulation of
surfactant in the lungs of affected individuals. In general, PAP is a rare lung
disease affecting children and adults, although its prevalence and incidence is
variable among different countries. Even though PAP is a rare disease, it is a
prime example on how modern medicine can lead to new therapeutic concepts,
changing ways and techniques of (genetic) diagnosis which ultimately led into
personalized treatments, all dedicated to improve the function of the impaired
lung and thus life expectancy and quality of life in PAP patients. In fact, new
technologies, such as new sequencing technologies, gene therapy approaches, new
kind and sources of stem cells and completely new insights into the ontogeny of
immune cells such as macrophages have increased our understanding in the onset
and progression of PAP, which have paved the way for novel therapeutic concepts
for PAP and beyond. As of today, classical monocyte-derived macrophages are
known as important immune mediator and immune sentinels within the innate
immunity. Furthermore, macrophages (known as tissue resident macrophages (TRMs))
can also be found in various tissues, introducing e. g. alveolar
macrophages in the broncho-alveolar space as crucial cellular determinants in
the onset of PAP and other lung disorders. Given recent insights into the onset
of alveolar macrophages and knowledge about factors which impede their function,
has led to the development of new therapies, which are applied in the context of
PAP, with promising implications also for other diseases in which macrophages
play an important role. Thus, we here summarize the latest insights into the
various forms of PAP and introduce new pre-clinical work which is currently
conducted in the framework of PAP, introducing new therapies for children and
adults who still suffer from this severe, potentially life-threatening
disease.
Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors and DPP-4 Inhibitors on Advanced
Glycation End Products
Authors: Kusunoki Masataka , Hisano Fumiya , Matsuda Shin-ichi , Kusunoki Akiko , Abe Tomokazu , Tsutsumi Kazuhiko , Miyata Tetsuro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClinical trials have revealed that sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2)
inhibitors suppress the onset of heart failure and cardiovascular death in
diabetic patients. On the other hand, few reports have been published concerning
such effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. We undertook the
present study to evaluate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP-4 inhibitors
on the advanced glycation end products (AGEs), well known as a risk factor for
the development of cardiovascular disorders.Type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into two groups and treated with either
SGLT2 inhibitors or DPP-4 inhibitors for 3 months. Before and after the 3-month
treatment period with each drug, the AGEs and diabetes-related parameters were
measured. Methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 (MG-H1) was measured as one
of the AGEs.In the SGLT2 inhibitor group, both the blood HbA1c and MG-H1 levels decreased
significantly after the 3-month treatment period. In the DPP-4 inhibitor group,
only the blood HbA1c level decreased significantly, with no significant change
of the blood MG-H1 level.SGLT2 inhibitor reduced both the blood levels of HbA1c and AGEs (MG-H1).
Considering that the blood levels of AGEs are associated with the risk of heart
failure and cardiovascular disorders, the results of the present study suggest
that the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors in suppressing cardiovascular death might be
mediated by the reduction in the blood levels of AGEs induced by this class of
drugs. DPP-4 inhibitors showed no significant effects on the blood levels of
AGEs.
Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of Levodopa Stearic
Acid Hydrazide Conjugate for the Management of Parkinson’s DiseaseNovel
Conjugate for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chinraj Vasanthi , Reddy Ramakkamma Aishwarya , Selvaraj Jubie , Sureshkumar Raman 
Published: January 2024

AbstractParkinson’s disease is the highest prevalent neurodegenerative disease in
elderly individuals after Alzheimer’s disease. The pathological
identification for Parkinson’s disease is loss of dopaminergic neurons
in substantia nigra region of the brain that in turn leads to dopamine
deficiency that affects the body’s normal physiological and neurological
disorder. The important drawback in the modality of treatment is levodopa is
only supplying depleted dopamine in the brain, it does not affect
neurodegeneration. Even though levodopa manages the disease, an alternative
treatment strategy is required to stop or prevent further degeneration of
neuron. The compound with neuroprotector activity suits the requirement. Of
them, stearic acid plays a vital role in protecting neurons against oxidative
stress through a Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent mechanism. Hence, our
present study aimed to design, synthesize, and characterize the levodopa stearic
acid hydrazide conjugate. Additionally, evaluate the cytotoxicity of synthesized
compound in SHSY5Y cell lines. In brief, levodopa was conjugated to the
stearic acid successfully and was confirmed with Fourier-transform infrared
spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance, and Mass Spectroscopy. In vitro
cell viability study in SHSY5Y cell lines showed elevated cell viability
in 0.134 µm concentration of Conjugate, and
0.563 µm concentration of levodopa. Showing that the synthesized
compound could offer an improved treatment strategy for Parkinson’s
disease.
Exertional Stress-induced Pathogenic Luminal Content Translocation
– Friend or Foe?
Authors: Henningsen Kayla , Martinez Isabel , Costa Ricardo J. S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe incidence of perturbed gastrointestinal integrity, as well as resulting
systemic immune responses and gastrointestinal symptoms, otherwise known as
exercised-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (EIGS), is common among individuals
who partake in prolonged exercise. EIGS may cause the translocation of
pathogenic material, including whole bacteria and bacterial endotoxins, from the
lumen into circulation, which may progress into clinical consequences such as
sepsis, and potentially subsequent fatality. However, further investigation is
warranted to assess the possibility of food allergen and/or digestive
enzyme luminal to circulatory translocation in response to exercise, and the
clinical consequences. Findings from this narrative literature review
demonstrate evidence that whole bacteria and bacterial endotoxins translocation
from the gastrointestinal lumen to systemic circulation occurs in response to
exercise stress, with a greater propensity of translocation occurring with
accompanying heat exposure. It has also been demonstrated that food allergens
can translocate from the lumen to systemic circulation in response to exercise
stress and initiate anaphylaxis. To date, no research investigating the effect
of exercise on the translocation of digestive enzymes from the lumen into
systemic circulation exists. It is evident that EIGS and consequential
pathogenic translocation presents life-threatening clinical implications,
warranting the development and implementation of effective management strategies
in at-risk populations.
Notfallpläne zum Management von Notfällen bei Kindern
mit außerklinischer Beatmung
Authors: Stehling Florian , Wendt Anke , Berger Michael , Kerzel Sebastian , Vlajnic Dejan , Fuchs Hans , Gunst Lennart 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDie chronisch respiratorische Insuffizienz wird auch in der Pädiatrie
zunehmend ambulant mit außerklinischer Beatmung behandelt. Die oft
komplex, erkrankten Kinder werden in der Häuslichkeit durch pflegerische
und ärztliche Teams unterschiedlichster Zusammensetzung betreut.
Strukturierte Behandlungsprozesse, speziell Notfallpläne zum Management
des respiratorischen Notfalls von außerklinisch beatmeten Kindern
fehlen. Dieser Beitrag ist ein Vorschlag zum Notfallmanagement bei
Atemwegsinfekten, Notfällen bei außerklinisch
nicht-invasiv-beatmeten und invasiv-beatmeten, tracheotomierten Kindern. Neben
den Reanimationsmaßnahmen nach ERC/AHA liegt der Schwerpunkt vor
allem auf dem Sekretmanagement, aber auch dem Umgang mit
Beatmungsgeräten und Devices.
Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage: A case report
Authors: Weinhold Victoria , Rauber Susanne , Hollatz-Galuschki Elsa , Seybold Michael , Kainer Franz , Kouskouti Christina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present a case with an incidental finding of abnormal cardiotocography (CTG)
pattern as well as elevated middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity
(MCA-PSV) in an otherwise inconspicuous pregnancy. Massive fetomaternal
hemorrhage (FMH) was detected as the cause by flow cytometry (FC), resulting in
multiple cycles of fetal blood sampling (FBS) showing severe anemia,
intrauterine transfusions (IUTs), a preterm delivery, and a healthy infant in
follow-up examinations.