bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All-optical observation of giant spin transparency at the topological insulator BiSbTe1.5Se1.5/Co20Fe60B20 interface
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Suchetana , Pal Pratap Kumar , Manna Subhadeep , Mitra Chiranjib , Barman Anjan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe rise of three-dimensional topological insulators as an attractive playground for the observation and control of various spin-orbit effects has ushered in the field of topological spintronics. To fully exploit their potential as efficient spin-orbit torque generators, it is crucial to investigate the efficiency of spin injection and transport at various topological insulator/ferromagnet interfaces, as characterized by their spin-mixing conductances and interfacial spin transparencies. Here, we use all-optical time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect magnetometry to demonstrate efficient room-temperature spin pumping in Sub/BiSbTe1.5Se1.5(BSTS)/Co20Fe60B20(CoFeB)/SiO2 thin films. From the modulation of Gilbert damping with BSTS and CoFeB thicknesses, the spin-mixing conductances of the BSTS/CoFeB interface and the spin diffusion length in BSTS are determined. For BSTS thicknesses far exceeding the spin diffusion length, in the so-called “perfect spin sink” regime, we obtain an interfacial spin transparency as high as 0.9, promoting such systems as scintillating candidates for spin-orbitronic devices.
Lanthanide molecular nanomagnets as probabilistic bits
Authors: Gutiérrez-Finol Gerliz M. , Giménez-Santamarina Silvia , Hu Ziqi , Rosaleny Lorena E. , Cardona-Serra Salvador , Gaita-Ariño Alejandro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOver the decades, the spin dynamics of a large set of lanthanide complexes have been explored. Lanthanide-based molecular nanomagnets are bistable spin systems, generally conceptualised as classical bits, but many lanthanide complexes have also been presented as candidate quantum bits (qubits). Here, we offer a third alternative and model them as probabilistic bits (p-bits), where their stochastic behaviour constitutes a computational resource instead of a limitation. Employing an ad-hoc modelling tool for molecular spin p-bits and molecular nanomagnets, we simulate a minimal p-bit network under realistic conditions. Finally, we go back to a recently published dataset and screen the best lanthanide complexes for p-bit behaviour, lay out the performance of the different lanthanide ions and chemical families and offer some chemical design considerations.
Resource-efficient simulation of noisy quantum circuits and application to network-enabled QRAM optimization
Authors: Bugalho Luís , Cruzeiro Emmanuel Zambrini , Chen Kevin C. , Dai Wenhan , Englund Dirk , Omar Yasser 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGiovannetti, Lloyd, and Maccone (2008) proposed a quantum random access memory (QRAM) architecture to retrieve arbitrary superpositions of N (quantum) memory cells via quantum switches and $$O(\log (N))$$

O

(

log

(

N

)

)

address qubits. Toward physical QRAM implementations, Chen et al. (2021) recently showed that QRAM maps natively onto optically connected quantum networks with $$O(\log (N))$$

O

(

log

(

N

)

)

overhead and built-in error detection. However, modeling QRAM on large networks has been stymied by exponentially rising classical compute requirements. Here, we address this bottleneck by: (1) introducing a resource-efficient method for simulating large-scale noisy entanglement, allowing us to evaluate hundreds and even thousands of qubits under various noise channels; and (2) analyzing Chen et al.’s network-based QRAM as an application at the scale of quantum data centers or near-term quantum internet; and (3) introducing a modified network-based QRAM architecture to improve quantum fidelity and access rate. We conclude that network-based QRAM could be built with existing or near-term technologies leveraging photonic integrated circuits and atomic or atom-like quantum memories.
Multifunctional effects of Lactobacillus sakei HEM 224 on the gastrointestinal tract and airway inflammation
Authors: Kim Hye-Shin , Oh Hanna , Kim Bobae , Ji Yosep , Holzapfel Wilhelm H. , Kang Hyeji , Arellano-Ayala Karina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMucosal tissues serve as the first defense line and their commensal microbiota play a role in sustaining of host health. This study aimed to isolate and evaluate a putative probiotic strain on various mucosal regions. Lactobacillus sakei HEM 224 was isolated from traditional Korean kimchi and identified. In the safety assessment L. sakei HEM 224 showed negative results for hemolysis, biogenic amine production and transferable antibiotic resistance. The probiotic potential of strain HEM 224 in diverse mucosal areas was shown in two different models, viz. a murine model with colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and an allergic airway inflammation model induced by ovalbumin (OVA). In the colitis model, oral administration of L. sakei HEM 224 improved colitis physiology with immunomodulation, enhancing barrier components and gut microbiota alteration. In the allergic airway inflammation model, the intranasal administration of the strain decreased type 2 inflammation and enhanced epithelial barrier integrity from the airways. These results demonstrate that L. sakei HEM 224 can ameliorate inflammatory conditions in both the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts through the reinforcement of the epithelial barrier and immunomodulation.
CT-based measurement of visceral adipose tissue volume as a reliable tool for assessing metabolic risk factors in prediabetes across subtypes
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Kim Keunyoung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVisceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a well-established risk factor for the development of diabetes in individuals with prediabetes. We aimed to evaluate various adiposity and metabolic indices, including visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume measured by CT, in individuals with prediabetes, based on their different subtypes. This retrospective study included 78 prediabetes individuals aged ≥ 20 years whose VAT volumes were evaluated by CT. Individuals were classified into prediabetes subtypes: impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and combined IFG and IGT (C-IFG/IGT). We conducted a comparison of the patients’ adiposity indices and their associations with one other, as well as with insulin resistance, based on the different prediabetes subtypes. Individuals with C-IFG/IGT had higher levels of visceral obesity than those with IFG or IGT. VAT volume was more strongly associated with insulin resistance than other adiposity indices, regardless of prediabetes subtypes. Additionally, VAT volume and liver attenuation index showed a significant correlation with the other indices studied across the prediabetes subtypes. CT-based measurement of VAT volume may be a valuable tool for evaluating metabolic risk factors among individuals with prediabetes.
Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of grain yield loss in fumitory (Fumaria parviflora Lam.) exposed to copper and drought stress
Authors: Tashakorizadeh Mansoureh , Golkar Pooran , Vahabi Mohammad Reza , Ghorbanpour Mansour 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSoil contamination with heavy metals adversely affects plants growth, development and metabolism in many parts of the world including arid and semi-arid regions. The aim of this study was to investigate the single and combined effects of drought and copper (Cu) stresses on seed yield, and biochemical traits of Fumaria parviflora in a split – factorial experiment at Research Field of Payam-E-Noor university of Kerman during 2019. The collected seeds from two Cu contaminated regions were evaluated under drought and Cu (0, 50, 150, 300, and 400 mg/kg) stresses. Drought stress levels were depletion of 50% (D1), 70% (D2) and 85% (D3) soil available water. The individual effects of drought and copper stresses were similar to each other as both reduced seed yield. The highest seed yield was observed at Cu concentration of 50 mg/kg under non-drought stress conditions. The maximum values of malondialdehyde (0.47 µmol/g), proline (2.45 µmol/g FW), total phenolics (188.99 mg GAE/g DW) and total flavonoids (22.1 mg QE/g DW) were observed at 400 mg/kg Cu treatment. However, the strongest antioxidant activity (83.95%) through DPPH assay, and the highest total soluble carbohydrate (115.23 mg/g DW) content were observed at 300 and 150 mg/kg Cu concentration under severe drought stress, respectively. The highest amount of anthocyanin (2.18 µmol/g FW) was observed at 300 mg/kg Cu and moderate drought stress. The findings of this study showed a high tolerance of F. parviflora plant to moderate drought stress and Cu exposure up to 150 mg/kg by modulating defense mechanisms, where grain yield was slightly lower than that of control. The results could also provide a criterion for the selection of tolerance species like F. parviflora for better acclimatization under Cu mines and/or agricultural contaminated soils subjected to drought stress.
TPPP3 promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition via Snail1 in glioblastoma
Authors: Xu Xu , Hou Yunan , Long Niya , Jiang Lishi , Yan Zhangwei , Xu Yuan , Lv Ying , Xiang Xin , Yang Hua , Liu Jian , Qi Xiaolan , Chu Liangzhao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTubulin polymerization promoting protein 3 (TPPP3), a member of the tubulin polymerization family, participates in cell progressions in several human cancers, its biological function and the underlying mechanisms in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role and application value of TPPP3 in gliomas and found that the expression of TPPP3 in glioma was higher than that in normal brain tissue (NBT), and increased with the grade of glioma. Up-regulation of TPPP3 expression in glioblastoma cells confer stronger ability of migration, invasion, proliferation and lower apoptosis in vitro. Inhibition of TPPP3 expression in GBM could reduce the migration, invasion, proliferation and induce the apoptosis of glioblastoma cells. TPPP3 affected the process of EMT by regulating the expression of Snail 1 protein. In clinical data analysis, we found a positive correlation between TPPP3 and Snail1 protein expression levels in glioblastomas. Low TPPP3 expression leads to better survival expectations in glioblastomas patients. The content of this study paves the way for further in-depth exploration of the role of TPPP3 in glioblastoma in the future, and provides new treatment and research directions.
The relationship between insulin resistance, serum alkaline phosphatase, and left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction
Authors: Guo Qifeng , Miao Mengdan , Duan Linan , Liu Yongsheng , Qiu Yahui , Feng Xuejuan , Liang Shisen , Xiao Weiqiang , Zheng Mingqi , Wei Mei , Liu Gang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe occurrence of heart failure following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) significantly increases the risk of post-infarction mortality. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is considered to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and adverse outcomes. Furthermore, in recent years, alkaline phosphatase has been associated with insulin resistance (IR). Our aim was to investigate the correlation between IR substitutes (triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio), AP, and LV dysfunction in patients admitted after AMI. The retrospective study included 810 patients who underwent coronary angiography for myocardial infarction at the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from August 2018 to December 2021. Patients were categorized into three groups based on their serum AP levels. Clinical characteristics at admission, cardiac echocardiography findings, coronary angiography results, and biochemical markers such as serum AP levels and triglycerides (TG) were recorded during hospitalization. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was assessed using cardiac echocardiography conducted from the time of admission until the coronary angiography procedure. A total of 774 patients with AMI were included in this study. The TyG index is significantly correlated with the TG/HDL-C ratio. (R = 0.739, P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated serum AP (OR 2.598, 95% CI 1.331–5.071, P = 0.005), presence of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery as the infarct-related artery (IRA) (OR 2.452, 95% CI 1.352–4.449, P = 0.003), and triglyceride (TG) levels (OR 0.652, 95% CI 0.429–0.992, P = 0.046) were protective risk factor for an admission LVEF < 40% following AMI. The serum alkaline phosphatase and LAD as IRA are independent risk factors for severe reduction in LVEF during hospitalization for AMI. Conversely, triglyceride are independent protective factor for severe reduction in LVEF during AMI hospitalization.
Basic physical properties and potential application of graphene oxide fibers synthesized from rice husk
Authors: Castro-Ladino J. R. , Cuy-Hoyos C. A. , Prías-Barragán J. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe synthesis method and correlation between compositional, vibrational, and electrical properties in graphene oxide fibers (GOF) are presented and discussed here, as well as a potential application through the development of a heater device based on GOF. The GOF samples were synthesized from rice husk (RH), via a thermal decomposition method, employing an automated pyrolysis system with a controlled nitrogen atmosphere, varying carbonization temperature (TCA) from 773 to 1273 K. The compositional analysis shows peaks in the XPS spectrum associated with C1s and O1s, with presence of hydroxyl and epoxy bridges; the oxide concentration (OC) of samples varied from 0.21 to 0.28, influenced by TCA. The GOF samples exhibit fiber morphology, vibrational characteristics which are typical of graphene oxide multilayers, and electrical behavior that scales with OC. The electrical response shows that OC decreases and increases electrical conductivity at the polycrystalline phase, possibly attributed to the desorption of some oxides and organic compounds. In addition, physical correlations between OC and its vibrational response showed that decreasing OC increases edge defect density and decreases crystal size as a result of thermal decomposition processes. The correlation between OC and physical properties suggests that by controlling the OC in GOF, it was possible to modify vibrational and electrical properties of great interest in fabrication of advanced electronics; consequently, we show a potential application of GOF samples by developing an electrically controlled heater device.
Diastereoselective 1,2-difunctionalization of 1,3-enynes enabled by merging photoexcited Hantzsch ester with chromium catalysis
Authors: Wu Jia , Xu Xiangyun , Duan Chongwen , Chen Shan , Wang Dan , Fang Likui , Tang Weiyang , Li Fusheng 
Published: October 2023

We present a comprehensive account of the regio- and diastereoselective radical multicomponent 1,2-dialkylation of 1,3-enynes via photoexcited Hantzsch ester and chromium co-catalysis to furnish highly valuable homopropargylic alcohols.
RGB depth salient object detection via cross‐modal attention and boundary feature guidance
Authors: Meng Lingbing , Yuan Mengya , Shi Xuehan , Zhang Le , Liu Qingqing , Ping Dai , Wu Jinhua , Cheng Fei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRGB depth (RGB‐D) salient object detection (SOD) is a meaningful and challenging task, which has achieved good detection performance in dealing with simple scenes using convolutional neural networks, however, it cannot effectively handle scenes with complex contours of salient objects or similarly coloured salient objects and background. A novel end‐to‐end framework is proposed for RGB‐D SOD, which comprises of four main components: the cross‐modal attention feature enhancement (CMAFE) module, the multi‐level contextual feature interaction (MLCFI) module, the boundary feature extraction (BFE) module, and the multi‐level boundary attention guidance (MLBAG) module. The CMAFE module retains the more effective salient features by employing a dual‐attention mechanism to filter noise from two modalities. In the MLCFI module, a shuffle operation is used for high‐level and low‐level channels to promote cross‐channel information communication, and rich semantic information is extracted. The BFE module converts salient features into boundary features to generate boundary maps. The MLBAG module produces saliency maps by aggregating multi‐level boundary saliency maps to guide cross‐modal features in the decode stage. Extensive experiments are conducted on six public benchmark datasets, with the results demonstrating that the proposed model significantly outperforms 23 state‐of‐the‐art RGB‐D SOD models with regards to multiple evaluation metrics.
Image representation and reconstruction by compositing Gaussian ellipses
Authors: Cheng Chang‐Chieh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a method of stroke‐based rendering is proposed for image representation and reconstruction. The proposed method involves compositing a set of ellipses that greatly vary in location, size, rotation angle, color, and opacity. This study proves that alpha compositing is differentiable if a two‐dimensional Gaussian function is used to draw a solid ellipse. The gradient method can then be employed for automatically identifying the parameters of each ellipse such that the difference between the input image and the composited image is minimized. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can represent various types of images including portraits, landscapes, buildings, street scenes, artificial objects, medical images etc. The proposed method can particularly render the most details and significant features of an input image with fewer strokes compared to other stroke‐based rendering algorithms. This study also demonstrates that the proposed method can be applied in painting style simulation and sparse‐view computed tomography imaging.
Radar signatures of sea lions at K‐band and W‐band
Authors: Rahman Samiur , Vattulainen Aleksanteri B. , Robertson Duncan A. , Milne Ryan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe millimetre wave radar signatures of sea lions collected from three animals in the outdoor seal pool available at the Sea Mammal Research Unit in St Andrews in the Autumn of 2021 is reported. The objective is to study the radar amplitude and Doppler signatures of the animals when their full body or part thereof is above water, which is important for the application of autonomous marine navigation. The data was collected using 24 GHz (K‐band) and 77 GHz (W‐band) Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave radars with linear polarisation. It has been demonstrated that the sea lions were very clearly detected by the radars with Signal to Noise Ratio greater than 30 dB at a range of 40 m. The calculated modal radar cross section (RCS) of the sea lions in HH polarisation at 24 and 77 GHz vary from −48 to −26 dBsm and −48 to −28 dBsm respectively, corresponding to the different body parts and the amount of exposure to the radar beam. In VV polarisation, the modal RCS value range is from −49 to −26 dBsm and −49 to −22 dBsm respectively. The corresponding maximum RCS and the Cumulative Distribution Function results are also reported.
5 Leitfragen für die Versorgungsforschung – Eignen
sich GKV-Routinedaten für Ihr Forschungsvorhaben?
Authors: Ihle Peter , Schneider Udo , Vogt Verena 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Versorgungsforschung untersucht die Versorgungsstrukturen und -prozesse der
Gesundheitsversorgung unter Alltagsbedingungen. Routinedaten der Gesetzlichen
Krankenversicherung (GKV) – sogenannte versorgungsnahe Daten –
bilden die reale Versorgung ab und sind daher eine wichtige Datenquelle
für die Versorgungsforschung. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert 5
Leitfragen, mit deren Hilfe Forschende und datenhaltende Institutionen die
Eignung dieser Datenquelle für die Beantwortung ihrer Fragestellung der
Versorgungsforschung prüfen können. Ziel dieser Leitfragen ist
es, zwischen Forschenden und datenhaltenden Institutionen ein gemeinsames
Verständnis des Forschungsvorhabens, des Forschungsziels sowie der
Umsetzbarkeit in der Versorgungsforschung zu generieren. Die 5 Leitfragen
spannen den Bogen von der Formulierung der Forschungsfrage und der geplanten
Methode, über die Zielpopulation, die relevanten
Untersuchungszeiträume bis hin zu den erforderlichen Informationen aus
den GKV-Routinedaten. Vier methodisch ausgerichtete Leitfragen werden um die
Frage ergänzt, wie die Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojektes die Versorgung
verbessern könnten. Diese 5 Leitfragen stellen somit für
Forschende eine erste Strukturierung für Datenanfragen dar; für
datenhaltende Institutionen liefern sie einen Rahmen, um eine mögliche
Beteiligung oder Unterstützung einer Forschungsidee in der
Versorgungsforschung zu prüfen.
Design of chiral plasmonic metamaterials based on interpretable deep learning
Authors: Xie Shusheng , Gu Leilei , Guo Jianping 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Chiral plasmonic metamaterials can amplify chiral signals, resulting in circular dichroism (CD) responses that are several orders of magnitude far beyond those of nature. However, the design process of chiral plasmonic metamaterials based on conventional methods is time-consuming. In recent years, the combination of deep learning (DL) and nanophotonics have accelerated the design of nanophotonic devices. Here, we construct the fully connected neural network model for the forward prediction and inverse design of chiral plasmonic metamaterials structures and introduce the permutation importance approach to optimize the model and increase its interpretability. Our experimental results show that using the peak magnitude of CD and the corresponding wavelength instead of the entire spectrum as the output in the forward prediction improves the accuracy of the peak magnitude of CD prediction, avoids the introduction of auxiliary networks, and simplifies the network structure; the permutation importance analysis shows that the gold length of the resonator is the most critical structural parameter affecting the CD response. In the inverse design, the permutation importance method helps us to make feature selections for the input of the network. By reducing 251 inputs (the whole CD spectrum) to 4 inputs (the peak magnitude of CD and the corresponding wavelength), the network can still maintain a good prediction performance and decrease the training time of the network. Our proposed method can be extended not only to other DL models to study the CD response of chiral metamaterials but also to other areas where DL is combined with metamaterials to accelerate the system optimization and design process of nanophotonic devices.