bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A TEST OF THE TWO‐TIER CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE: THE CASE OF JAPANESE KEIRETSU
Authors: Kim Kenneth A. , Limpaphayom Piman 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe examine the effect of corporate governance structure on the relation between ownership structure and financial leverage among Japanese firms. Under normal conditions, we find no significant relation between ownership variables and financial leverage. When firms signal financial difficulties, however, keiretsu financial institution equity owners intervene to moderate the use of debt. This evidence reveals the existence of a keiretsu two‐tier corporate governance system. In the first stage, the unique corporate cross‐shareholding allows mutual monitoring under normal circumstances. In the second stage, when firms get into financial trouble, keiretsu financial institutions assume control by reducing debt levels. The results highlight differences between keiretsu and independent corporate governance structures.
Undergraduate nursing students challenge misconceptions towards men in nursing: A mixed‐method study
Authors: Ramjan Lucie M. , Maneze Della , Salamonson Yenna , Zugai Joel , Bail Kasia , Liu Xian‐Liang , Montayre Jed 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimsTo examine misconceptions towards men in nursing from the perspective of undergraduate nursing students. Specifically, this study sought to explore contributing factors of misconceptions and attributions of the success of men in nursing.DesignA convergent parallel mixed‐method study.MethodsA national survey was conducted (July–September 2021). The quantitative data included demographics and responses to the Gender Misconceptions of Men in Nursing (GEMINI) scale. The qualitative data included responses to a provocative statement related to characteristics of men and their career in nursing. The GRAMMS guideline was used in reporting.ResultsUndergraduate nursing students (n = 1245) from 16 Australian schools of nursing responded to the survey. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that most students (96%) did not have misconceptions about men in nursing. Those who did were more likely to be men, born overseas, not in health‐related employment and did not have nursing as their first choice. Four broad overarching main themes were generated in response to the statement that suggested men do not have the right attributes for nursing: (1) ‘This is a very misandristic viewpoint’; (2) ‘Compassion and intelligence are distributed in men and women equally’; (3) ‘Men bring a different quality to nursing’ (4) ‘Anyone can be whatever they want to be’.ConclusionOverall, nursing students did not have misconceptions about men in nursing, despite experiencing ongoing social stigma regarding archaic gender norms. The findings from this study indicate that the next‐generation nurses were championing to challenge the gender stereotype and support the needs of a gender diverse society.ImpactAttitudes and misconceptions that elicit gender inequalities must be addressed with comprehensive strategies and de‐gendered language and imagery within the profession, schools, workplaces and the media. Shifting culture and attitudes towards inclusion, values the diversity in the workforce and supports healthy workplace environments.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Reduced liver damage and fibrosis with combined SCD Probiotics and intermittent fasting in aged rat
Authors: Teker Hikmet Taner , Ceylani Taha , Keskin Seda , Samgane Gizem , Baba Burcu , Acıkgoz Eda , Gurbanov Rafig 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the impact of SCD Probiotics supplementation on liver biomolecule content and histological changes during a 30‐day intermittent fasting (IF) program in 24‐month‐old male Sprague–Dawley rats. Rats underwent 18‐h daily fasting and received 1 × 108 CFU of SCD Probiotics daily. Liver tissue biomolecules were analysed using FTIR Spectroscopy, LDA, and SVM techniques, while histopathological evaluations used Haematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome‐stained tissues. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Gross alterations in the quantity of biomolecules were observed with individual or combined treatments. LDA and SVM analyses demonstrated a high accuracy in differentiating control and treated groups. The combination treatments led to the most significant reduction in cholesterol ester (1740 cm−1) and improved protein phosphorylation (A1239/A2955 and A1080/A1545) and carbonylation (A1740/A1545). Individually, IF and SCD Probiotics were more effective in enhancing membrane dynamics (Bw2922/Bw2955). In treated groups, histological evaluations showed decreased hepatocyte degeneration, lymphocyticinfiltration, steatosis and fibrosis. Serum ALP, LDH and albumin levels significantly increased in the SCD Probiotics and combined treatment groups. This study offers valuable insights into the potential mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of IF and SCD Probiotics on liver biomolecule content, contributing to the development of personalized nutrition and health strategies.
Association between dietary inflammatory index and self‐reported female infertility from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2020
Authors: Lu Jinyu , Tang Jing , Zou Yanting , Wu Ruochun , Chen Hui , Wang Wenjun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the association between the diet inflammatory index (DII) and infertility.MethodsMultivariable logistic regression was performed to investigate the relationship between infertility and DII, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was utilised to test for nonlinear relationships in this cross‐sectional study. Data of this study were collected from the 2013 to 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Considering women's child‐bearing age, we enrolled a total of 2066 women aged 20–45 years in this study.ResultsAfter all covariates were adjusted, a positive association was found between DII score and odds of infertility by multivariable logistic regression (odds ratio [OR] = 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03, 1.38; p = 0.027). Compared with participants with DII scores in the lowest quartile, those with DII scores in the highest quartile had significantly higher odds of infertility (OR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.09, 5.34; p = 0.034). The RCSs model suggested a linear relationship between DII and infertility (p for nonlinear = 0.1827).ConclusionsA positive association between a pro‐inflammatory diet and self‐reported infertility was detected. Our study extends the application of the DII scoring system to infertility prevention.
The decline of Dr. Frasier Crane
Authors: Siraki Arby Ted 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFrasier (1993–2004) remains one of television's most successful and memorable sitcoms. Its protagonist, Dr. Frasier Crane, shares many qualities with other comic protagonists. However, he is in fact unique in the pantheon of comic characters. As the show moves forward, Frasier Crane regresses in several ways, and which is often effected through the show's use of ironic parallels. Furthermore, Frasier Crane's comic arc (or fulfillment of the comic mythos) is in stark contrast to not only traditional comic characters but even more recent post‐ and post‐postmodern ones, all of whom either fulfill the comic arc or, at worst, remain static.
Dietary supplementation with Lippia sidoides essential oil improves organ integrity but the specific activity of antioxidant enzymes is dose‐dependent in Danio rerio
Authors: Cardoso Lucas , Owatari Marco Shizuo , Chaves Francisco Célio Maia , Bastolla Camila Lisarb Velasquez , Saldaña‐Serrano Miguel , Mouriño José Luiz Pedreira , Martins Maurício Laterça 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe nutritional quality of food can affect the health of animals. This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with Lippia sidoides essential oil (LSEO) on the physiology of Danio rerio. Four hundred fourty‐eight fish were divided into 28 tanks and subjected to different dietary treatments: a control group with no supplementation, a group with grain alcohol supplementation and five groups with LSEO at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.00% and 1.25%. After 15 days, histological and enzymatic analyses were conducted. The 0.25% LSEO group exhibited lower glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity compared to the 1.00% group. Additionally, fish in the 0.25% LSEO group showed improved liver, kidney and splenic integrity indices. These findings support the inclusion of 0.25% LSEO in the diet of D. rerio, suggesting potential benefits for fish physiology and encouraging further research on phytotherapeutics in fish diets.
Effects of hyaluronic acid on sperm parameters, mitochondrial function and apoptosis of spermatozoa in Simmental bulls with good and poor freezing ability
Authors: Asadpour Reza , Aminirad Muhamadreza , Rahbar Maryam , Hajibemani Abolfazl , Rezaei Topraggaleh Tohid 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBulls with varying freezability exhibit substantial variation in semen characteristics after cryopreservation. Sperm freezability is positively correlated with membrane cholesterol content, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and antioxidant content. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal concentration of hyaluronic acid (HA) in bull sperm with different cryotolerances. Simmental bulls (n = 10) semen samples were taken and categorized based on their progressive motility (PM) after freeze‐thawing: Group I, consisting of bulls (n = 5) with progressive sperm motility ≥45%, was considered good freezability ejaculates (GF), and Group II, including bulls (n = 5) with progressive sperm motility ≤30%, was considered poor freezability ejaculates (PF) bulls. Semen samples were diluted with a Tris‐egg‐yolk‐glycerol (TEYG) extender containing various concentrations of HA: without HA (control), 1 mM HA, 2 mM HA and 4 mM HA. After the freeze‐thaw process, sperm kinematics, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity and apoptotic status were evaluated. The addition of 1 mM HA to the diluent of bulls with GF increased PM and linearity (LIN) compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Normal morphology was improved after thawing in the samples treated with 1 and 2 mM HA in the GF and PF bulls respectively. The membrane and acrosome integrity of GF bulls treated with 1 mM HA was significantly (p < 0.05) greater than that of the control groups. Adding 1 mM HA to the extender of bulls with GF and PF improved the proportion of viable cells compared with the highest concentration (4 mM) of HA. The mitochondrial activity of PF bulls treated with 1 and 2 mM HA was significantly (p < 0.05) greater than that of the controls and 4 mM HA. Finally, it can be concluded that adding low doses of HA (1 mM) to the TEYG extender of GF and PF bulls ameliorated the post‐thaw semen quality.
Thermal performance curves identify seasonal and site‐specific variation in the development of Ecklonia radiata (Phaeophyceae) gametophytes and sporophytes
Authors: Schwoerbel Jakop , Visch Wouter , Wright Jeffrey T. , Bellgrove Alecia , Sanderson J. Craig , Hurd Catriona L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRapid ocean warming is affecting kelp forests globally. While the sporophyte life stage has been well studied for many species, the microscopic life stages of laminarian kelps have been understudied, particularly regarding spatial and temporal variations in thermal tolerance and their interaction. We investigated the thermal tolerance of growth, survival, development, and fertilization of Ecklonia radiata gametophytes, derived from zoospores sampled from two sites in Tasmania, Australia, throughout a year, over a temperature gradient (3–30°C). For growth we found a relatively stable thermal optimum at ~20.5°C and stable thermal maxima (25.3–27.7°C). The magnitude of growth was highly variable and depended on season and site, with no consistent spatial pattern for growth and gametophyte size. Survival also had a relatively stable thermal optimum of ~17°C, 3°C below the optimum for growth. Gametophytes grew to single cells between 5 and 25°C, but sporophytes were only observed between 10 and 20°C, indicating reproductive failure outside this range. The results reveal complex effects of source population and season of collection on gametophyte performance in E. radiata, with implications when comparing results from material collected at different localities and times. In Tasmania, gametophytes grow considerably below the estimated thermal maxima and thermal optima that are currently only reached during summer heatwaves, whereas optima for survival (~17°C) are frequently reached and surpassed during heatwaves, which may affect the persistence and recruitment of E. radiata in a warmer climate.
Young retrotransposons and non‐B DNA structures promote the establishment of dominant rye centromere in the 1RS.1BL fused centromere
Authors: Liu Chang , Huang Yuhong , Guo Xianrui , Yi Congyang , Liu Qian , Zhang Kaibiao , Zhu Congle , Liu Yang , Han Fangpu 
Published: October 2023

Summary
The fine centromere structure in Robertsonian wheat‐rye translocation chromosomes exhibits variation among different translocation genotypes. Within extensively employed wheat‐rye 1RS.1BL translocation lines in wheat breeding, their translocated chromosomes frequently display fused centromere. Nevertheless, the mechanism governing the functionality of the fused centromere in 1RS.1BL translocated chromosomes remains to be clarified.
In this study, we investigated the fine centromere structure of the 1RS.1BL translocated chromosome through a combination of cytological and genomics methods. We found that only the rye‐derived centromere exhibits functional activity, whether in breeding applications or artificially synthesized translocation chromosomes.
The active rye‐derived centromere had higher proportion of young full‐length long terminal repeat retrotransposons (flLTR‐RTs) and more stable non‐B DNA structures, which may be beneficial toward transcription of centromeric repeats and CENH3 loading to maintain the activity of rye centromeres. High levels of DNA methylation and H3K9me2 were found in the inactive wheat‐derived centromeres, suggesting that it may play a crucial role in maintaining the inactive status of the wheat centromere.
Our works elucidate the fine structure of 1RS.1BL translocations and the potential mechanism of centromere inactivation in the fused centromere, contributing knowledge to the application of fused centromere in wheat breeding formation of new wheat‐rye translocation lines.
Older peoples' lived experiences of personalised care in care homes: A meta‐ethnography
Authors: Hodge Gary , Lang Iain , Byng Richard , Pearce Susie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundGuidance and policy on personalised (or person‐centred) care of older people living in care homes advocates that all residents must have their preferences considered, and that all care provided must be reasonably adjusted to meet the person's specific needs. Despite this, research that considers what matters to residents in terms of the care they receive is limited.ObjectivesOur review aims to explore care home residents' lived experiences of personalised care and understand what really matters to them.MethodsSix electronic databases (CINHAL, Medline (Ovid), Embase, PubMed, Web of Science & PsychInfo) and Google Scholar (grey literature) were searched to identify qualitative studies relating to personalised care in care home settings, which also included resident (voices) quotes. The literature review and synthesis are reported using eMERGe guidance.ResultsFifteen studies met the inclusion criteria for our meta‐ethnography. Four conceptual categories (the challenge of fitting into institutional care, the passing of time, holding onto a sense of self and a desire to feel at home) and two key concepts (creating a culture of purposeful living and caring and forming and maintaining meaningful & empowering relationships) were identified. Finally, a conceptual framework of understanding represents what personally matters to residents in terms of their care.ConclusionOur meta‐ethnography, guided by residents' lived experiences of personalised care, offers a new perspective of what personally matters to residents in terms of the care they receive. The conceptual framework of understanding highlights the importance of moving from an institutional position of doing for residents to a person‐centred position of doing with residents.Implications for practiceOur findings highlight the importance of understanding the differences between personalised and person‐centred care for policy and practice. Further considerations are required on how this might be applied through nurse and care home professionals' education and work practices.
Six‐year cumulative treatment effect and treatment efficacy of a dual focus myopia control contact lens
Authors: Chamberlain Paul , Hammond David Scott , Arumugam Baskar , Bradley Arthur 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeAccumulated axial growth observed during a 6‐year clinical trial of a dual focus myopia control contact lens was used to explore different approaches to assess treatment efficacy.MethodsAxial length measurements from 170 eyes in a 6‐year clinical trial of a dual focus myopia control lens (MiSight 1 day, CooperVision) were analysed. Treatment groups comprised one having undergone 6 years of treatment and the other (the initial control group) having 3 years of treatment after 3 years of wearing a single vision control lens. Efficacy was assessed by comparing accumulated ocular growth during treatment to that expected of untreated myopic and emmetropic eyes. The impact of treatment on delaying axial growth was quantified by comparing the increased time required to reach criterion growths for treated eyes and survivor analysis approaches.ResultsWhen compared to the predicted accumulated growth of untreated eyes, 6 years of treatment reduced growth by 0.52 mm, while 3 years of treatment initiated 3 years later reduced growth by 0.19 mm. Accumulated differences between the growth of treated and untreated myopic eyes ranged between 67% and 52% of the untreated myopic growth, and between 112% and 86% of the predicted difference in growth between untreated myopic and age‐matched emmetropic eyes. Treated eyes took almost 4 years longer to reach their final accumulated growth than untreated eyes. Treatment increased the time to reach criterion growths by 2.3–2.7 times.ConclusionEstimated growth of age‐matched emmetropic and untreated myopic eyes provided evidence of an accumulated slowing in axial elongation of 0.52 mm over 6 years, and the treated growth remained close to that expected of emmetropic eyes. Six years of dual focus myopia control delayed the time to reach the final growth level by almost 4 years.
Rational solutions of the fifth Painlevé equation. Generalized Laguerre polynomials
Authors: Clarkson Peter A. , Dunning Clare 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, rational solutions of the fifth Painlevé equation are discussed. There are two classes of rational solutions of the fifth Painlevé equation, one expressed in terms of the generalized Laguerre polynomials, which are the main subject of this paper, and the other in terms of the generalized Umemura polynomials. Both the generalized Laguerre polynomials and the generalized Umemura polynomials can be expressed as Wronskians of Laguerre polynomials specified in terms of specific families of partitions. The properties of the generalized Laguerre polynomials are determined and various differential‐difference and discrete equations found. The rational solutions of the fifth Painlevé equation, the associated σ‐equation, and the symmetric fifth Painlevé system are expressed in terms of generalized Laguerre polynomials. Nonuniqueness of the solutions in special cases is established and some applications are considered. In the second part of the paper, the structure of the roots of the polynomials are investigated for all values of the parameters. Interesting transitions between root structures through coalescences at the origin are discovered, with the allowed behaviors controlled by hook data associated with the partition. The discriminants of the generalized Laguerre polynomials are found and also shown to be expressible in terms of partition data. Explicit expressions for the coefficients of a general Wronskian Laguerre polynomial defined in terms of a single partition are given.
How collective demands strengthen sympathy for normative and non‐normative protest action: The example of Hong Kong's anti‐extradition law amendment bill protests
Authors: Reichert Frank , Au Adelaide Tsz Nok , Fiedler Anna Julia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolitical demands are a relevant factor in protest participation. However, most studies examined demands as a tactical tool, and it remains unclear how the endorsement of collective demands may contribute to creating the mobilization potential. This analysis examines how collective demands facilitate links of collective identity, efficacy, and grievances with sympathy for normative and non‐normative protest actions in the context of Hong Kong's anti‐extradition law amendment bill social movement. The results show that collective demands are directly and indirectly related to sympathy for protest action and moderate the role of political dissatisfaction in forming the mobilization potential. The analysis also reveals distinct associations of sympathy for normative versus non‐normative protest action with facilitating factors. These results are discussed with respect to their theoretical and practical relevance in forming the mobilization potential and how they may contribute to understanding social movements more generally.
Inter‐virus relationships in mixed infections and virus‐drought relationships in plants: a quantitative review
Authors: Sadras Victor , Guirao Maria , Moreno Aránzazu , Fereres Alberto 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYInter‐virus relationships in mixed infections and virus‐drought relationships are important in agriculture and natural vegetation. In this quantitative review, we sampled published factorial experiments to probe for relationships against the null hypothesis of additivity. Our sample captured antagonistic, additive and synergistic inter‐virus relationships in double infections. Virus‐drought relationships in our sample were additive or antagonistic, reinforcing the notion that viruses have neutral or positive effects on droughted plants, or that drought enhances plant tolerance to viruses. Both inter‐virus and virus‐drought relationships vary with virus species, host plant to the level of cultivar or accession, timing of infection, plant age and trait and growing conditions. The trait‐dependence of these relationships has implications for resource allocation in plants. Owing to lagging theories, more experimental research in these fields is bound to return phenomenological outcomes. Theoretical work can advance in two complementary directions. First, the effective theory models the behaviour of the system without specifying all the underlying causes that lead to system state change. Second, mechanistic theory based on a nuanced view of the plant phenotype that explicitly considers downward causation; the influence of the plant phenotype on inter‐virus relations and vice versa; the impact of timing, intensity and duration of drought interacting with viruses to modulate the plant phenotype; both the soil (moisture) and atmospheric (vapour pressure deficit) aspects of drought. Theories should scale in time, from short term to full growing season, and in levels of organisation up to the relevant traits: crop yield in agriculture and fitness in nature.