bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental sickness reduces hypocretin receptor 1 expression in the lateral hypothalamus and ventral tegmental area of female mice
Authors: Kolmos Mie Gunni , Arribas Alba Pérez , Kornum Birgitte Rahbek , Justinussen Jessica Lauren 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent studies have focused on how sickness behaviours, including lethargy, are coordinated in the brain in response to peripheral infections. Decreased hypocretin (orexin) signalling is associated with lethargy and previous research suggests that hypocretin signalling is downregulated during sickness. However, there are studies that find increases or no change in hypocretin signalling during sickness. It is further unknown whether hypocretin receptor expression changes during sickness. Using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce sickness in female mice, we investigated how LPS‐injection affects gene expression of hypocretin receptors and prepro‐hypocretin as well as hypocretin‐1 peptide concentrations in brain tissue. We found that hypocretin receptor 1 gene expression was downregulated during sickness in the lateral hypothalamus and ventral tegmental area, but not in the dorsal raphe nucleus or locus coeruleus. We found no changes in hypocretin receptor 2 expression. Using a gene expression calculation that accounts for primer efficiencies and multiple endogenous controls, we were unable to detect changes in prepro‐hypocretin expression. Using radioimmunoassay, we found no change in hypocretin‐1 peptide in rostral brain tissue. Our results indicate that hypocretin receptor expression can fluctuate during sickness, adding an additional level of complexity to understanding hypocretin signalling during sickness.
Exploring the influence of uncontrolled social media use, fear of missing out, fear of better options, and fear of doing anything on consumer purchase intent
Authors: Flecha Ortiz José A. , Santos Corrada María , Perez Stephanie , Dones Virgin , Rodriguez Luis H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe rapid evolution of the digital era has resulted in new theoretical models that seek answers to consumer behavior, but only some have been empirically validated. The social theory of fear of (FO) has gained notoriety as a type of social anxiety, resulting in psychological dependence on social media (SNS). These social anxieties transcend and are used as strategic resources to activate quick consumer responses. However, three forces act in the study of FO that positively or negatively impact decision‐making: (a) fear of missing out (FoMO), (b) fear of better options (FoBO), and (c) fear of doing anything (FoDA). The literature has analyzed the positive implications of FoMO on consumers' decision‐making from different perspectives, but there needs to be a gap in analyzing how FoMO affects consumers. More analysis of the forces that affect decision‐making through FoBO and FoDA acts is needed. Consequently, this study examined how the FoMO, FoBO, and FoDA affect the purchase intention of SNS users. The roles of SNS usage and anticipated emotions as forces that trigger FO were analyzed. Finally, we examined whether motivation to participate in social media is a force that can moderate how consumers trigger FO. An electronic survey of 543 participants and active social media users revealed that social media use, anticipated emotions, and motivation to participate are forces that explain how they trigger FO through their first‐stage FoMO on consumers. The results reflect theoretical and practical implications by concluding that the FoMO for marketing purposes is significant in decision‐making. However, FoBO and FoDA inhibit the consumer's ability to commit to a decision.
Translation and validation of the Japanese version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale‐Revised
Authors: Tezuka Aya , Hiroyama Natsuko , Suzuki Miwa , Matsuoka Megumi , Martin Caroline J. Hollins , Martin Colin R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale‐Revised and evaluate its reliability and validity.MethodsAfter translating the Birth Satisfaction Scale‐Revised into Japanese, we conducted an Internet‐based cross‐sectional study with 445 Japanese‐speaking women within 2 months of childbirth. Of these, 98 participated in the retest 1 month later. Data were analyzed using the COSMIN study design checklist for patient‐reported outcome measurement instruments. Content validity was evaluated through cognitive debriefing during the translation process into Japanese. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify structural and cross‐cultural validities. For hypothesis testing, we tested correlations with existing measures for convergent and divergent validities, and for known‐group discriminant validity, we made comparisons between types of childbirth. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's α, and test–retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient.ResultsFor the Japanese‐Birth Satisfaction Scale‐Revised, the established three‐factor model fit poorly, whereas the four‐factor model fit better. Full metric invariance was observed in both the nulliparous and multiparous groups. Good convergent, divergent, and known‐group discriminant validities and test–retest reliability were established. Internal consistency observations were suboptimal; however for vaginal childbirth, the Cronbach's α of the total score was .71.ConclusionsThe Japanese‐Birth Satisfaction Scale‐Revised is a valid and reliable scale, with the exception of internal consistency that requires further investigation. If limited to vaginal childbirth, research, clinical applications, and international comparisons can be drawn.
Learning Putonghua, (not) becoming Chinese: “Sinicized” figures and intersectional personae on Tibetan peripheries
Authors: Schutte Ke Xiao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFew Sino‐Tibetan bilingualisms are celebrated in Amdo Tibet. Registers like “mixed language,” “peasant language,” and vernacular Mandarins are denounced through their perceived association with Chinese colonial influence. However, Putonghua‐Tibetan “bilinguals” are revered among the same demographic. When Tibetan and Chinese language communities intersect each other, a concern for many arises as to how one calibrates one's own “bi‐ness” as a Tibetan bilingual. In this paper, I explore how “Sinicized” figures are configurated for Tibetans. I argue that language works in many ways to disrupt previously stable ethnoracial identities as well as to mediate ethnoracial alignment or a lack thereof. Intersectional personae—binding intersections of linguistic repertoires with biographic fractals like gender, class, race/ethnicity, sexuality, profession, and many more—personify such disruptions for users of languages. I also describe the affective motion—or ethnoracialized anxieties and aspirations— in adopting or sidestepping these intersectional personae for a population that feel they are going through racialization (for different publics) in many aspects of their lives. Attending to intra‐ethnoracial evaluations, I also delineate and compare vernacular colonialism and Putonghua colonialism in showing that “same but different” registers might be a vantage point to a more empirical understanding of Sino‐ as well as other forms of colonialism.
A novel fully automated method for measuring ASPECTS to improve stroke diagnosis: Comparison to traditional ASPECTS
Authors: Gohla Georg , Schwarz Ricarda , Bier Georg , Estler Arne , Bongers Malte N. , Ditt Hendrik , Fritz Jan , Kemmling André , Ernemann Ulrike , Horger Marius 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeTo compare the accuracy of subjective Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (sASPECTS) evaluation and that of an automated prototype software (aASPECTS) on nonenhanced CT (NECT) in patients with early anterior territory stroke and controls using side‐to‐side quantification of hypoattenuated brain areas.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the NECT scans of 42 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke before reperfusion and 42 controls using first sASPECTS and subsequently aASPECTS. We assessed the differences in Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and calculated the sensitivity and specificity of NECT with CT perfusion, whereas cerebral blood volume (CBV) served as the reference standard for brain infarction.ResultsThe clot was located in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in 47.6% of cases and the internal carotid artery (ICA) in 28.6% of cases. Ten cases presented combined ICA and MCA occlusions. The stroke was right sided in 52.4% of cases and left sided in 47.6%. Reader‐based NECT analysis yielded a median sASPECTS of 10. The median CBV‐based ASPECTS was 7. Compared to the area of decreased CBV, sASPECTS yielded a sensitivity of 12.5% and specificity of 86.8%. The software prototype (aASPECTS) yielded an overall sensitivity of 65.5% and a specificity of 92.2%. The interreader agreement for ASPECTS evaluation of admission NECT and follow‐up CT was almost perfect (κ = .93). The interreader agreement of the CBV color map evaluation was substantial (κ = .77).ConclusionsaASPECTS of NECT can outperform sASPECTS for stroke detection.
Progress in melanoma treatment: Patient's perspectives
Authors: Alicea Gretchen M. , Villanueva Jessie , Webster Marie R. , Rebecca Vito W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUpon the 20th Anniversary of the Society for Melanoma Research, we highlight the perspectives of patients aiming to help improve future experiences, outcomes, and their quality of life over the next 20 years. Five melanoma patients generously shared their inspiring and enlightening stories of diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. Many patients had excellent medical teams that synergistically worked together to provide an accurate diagnosis, effective treatment options, and supportive care. However, it is clear that health inequities persist in communities where people of color are predominant, affecting early detection, patient experience, and outcomes. These stories shed light on the unique challenges faced by patients and how the lack of melanoma awareness and adequate resources, especially in communities of color or low socioeconomic status, can contribute to disparate outcomes in melanoma care. We expect that these stories will raise awareness about the progress in melanoma treatment but also the existent disparities in melanoma diagnosis and treatment and the importance of early detection and prevention.
Neurobiological correlation between phosphorylated tau and mood symptoms in memory clinic patients
Authors: Ozaki Takashi , Hashimoto Naoki , Udo Niki , Narita Hisashi , Nakagawa Shin , Kusumi Ichiro 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and mild cognitive impairment are characterised by impaired cognition accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) relating to mood, including depression, anxiety, and apathy. However, the utility of AD biomarkers for predicting mood symptoms of NPS remains controversial. Herein, we analyzed the relationship between phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) and depression, anxiety, and apathy of NPS. We also examined the influence of genetic factors such as apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 on these relationships.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional survey in older patients (n = 122) with normal cognition (n = 12), mild cognitive impairment (n = 46), and AD (n = 64) strictly diagnosed by the board of psychiatrists and neurologists of Hokkaido University. NPS of the patients were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI). All patients also received a lumbar puncture to obtain cerebral spinal fluid for assessment of p‐tau. The inverse probability weighting method was used to adjust for demographic differences between the p‐tau present group and the p‐tau absent group.ResultsThere was an association between p‐tau accumulation and decreased incidence of depression and apathy. APOE ε4 non‐carriers also showed a trend toward a negative association between p‐tau and depression, which was not evident in APOE ε4 carriers.ConclusionsWe provide new evidence for a negative correlation between p‐tau and depression and apathy of NPS, which may be influenced by APOE ε4. Future longitudinal studies are required to confirm the utility of p‐tau for predicting the course of mood symptoms in patients with cognitive decline.
Reading for musical knowledge in early sixteenth‐century Italy: Introduction
Authors: Shephard Tim , Ștefănescu Laura , Doyle Oliver , O'Flaherty Ciara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe essays included here present case studies prepared within the project ‘Sounding the Bookshelf 1501: Music in a Year of Italian Printed Books’, funded by the Leverhulme Trust and hosted at the University of Sheffield. The project asks a simple question: standing in a Venetian bookshop towards the end of the year 1501, what information about music might you encounter as you browse the new printed titles available for purchase? Very few of the books printed in Italy in 1501 were ‘about’ music, but almost all of them mention music in passing, and sometimes at length, whilst discussing something else. These kinds of casual, fragmentary comments on music were surely read by many more people than specialist music theory, the audience for which was probably quite small. To recover these comments, and characterise the contradictory and incoherent field of everyday musical knowledge they comprise, we are reading every book printed in Italy in 1501 cover‐to‐cover, excerpting every passage mentioning music, sound or hearing. The final product of our project—a co‐authored book, yet to be written—will present our findings in synoptic fashion. The essays presented here take a different approach, offering detailed case‐studies on particular books within our 1501 corpus.
Lower platelet count and metastatic tumor are associated with increased risk of spontaneous bleeding in critically ill patients with cancer: An observational study
Authors: Kayano Sandra Satoe , Santana Pauliane Vieira , Colella Rafael , Colella Marina Pereira , Caruso Pedro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThrombocytopenia is common in critically ill patients with cancer. However, the association of platelet count with spontaneous bleeding is controversial in critically ill patients and the association with cancer‐related characteristics is unknown.MethodsThis observational study includes patients with active cancer and severe thrombocytopenia. A logistic regression model adjusted for confounders was used to evaluate the association of daily platelet count and cancer‐related characteristics (type of cancer and presence of metastasis) with spontaneous bleeding. Confounders were identified using directed acyclic graphs.ResultsWe screened 5822 patients, 255 (4.4%) met eligibility criteria resulting in 1401 daily observations. Fifty‐three patients (20.8%) had spontaneous bleeding during the intensive care unit stay, 64% presenting minor, and 36% major bleeding. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for spontaneous bleeding with platelet count between 49 and 20 × 109/L was 4.6 (1.1–19.6), with platelet count between 19 and 10 × 109/L was 14.2 (3.1–66.2), and with platelet count below 10 × 109/L was 39.6 (6.9–228.5). The adjusted OR for spontaneous bleeding in patients with hematologic malignancies was 0.6 (0.4–1.2), and 4.3 (2.0–9.0) for patients with metastatic tumor.ConclusionsIn critically ill patients with active cancer and severe thrombocytopenia, lower counts of platelets and presence of metastasis are associated with increased risk of spontaneous bleeding, while hematologic malignancy is not associated with increased risk of spontaneous bleeding.
Understanding Thermal Unsteadiness in Engine Representative Flows and Improved Methodologies for Derived Heat Transfer Calculations Using Thin-Film Gauges
Authors: Singh Deepanshu , Beard Paul F. , Cardwell David , Chana Kam S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Oxford Turbine Research Facility (OTRF) is a high-speed rotating transient test facility, which allows unsteady aerodynamic and heat transfer measurements at engine representative conditions. In addition, a variety of inlet temperature profiles can be simulated in the rig including radial distortion, circumferential distortion, and swirl. However, the engine representative flows cause complications in the processing of heat transfer data. The unsteadiness in temperature data was found to significantly rise as temperature distortions were introduced in the nozzle guide vane (NGV) inlet profile, to model a lean-burn combustor exit. Using the NGV inlet temperature profile survey data, the thermal unsteadiness has been quantified and compared with a uniform inlet. The experiments with a radially varying NGV inlet temperature profile showed up to nine times higher thermal unsteadiness, compared to the uniform inlet. The second part of the paper is a continuation of the work presented in a previous paper by Singh et al. and describes improved methodologies for derived heat transfer calculations using thin-film gauges. In addition, the uncertainty associated with the derived heat transfer parameters, such as the heat transfer coefficient and adiabatic wall temperature has been quantified. The refined processing techniques have been demonstrated on casing heat transfer measurements, acquired in the OTRF with two inlet temperature profiles.
Assessment of Osteogenic Exercise Efficacy via Bone Turnover Markers in Premenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sanchez-Trigo Horacio , Kemmler Wolfgang , Duque Gustavo , Sañudo Borja 
Published: October 2023

Assessing bone’s response to physical activity interventions is challenging. This randomized controlled trial investigates if changes in bone turnover markers can offer an early evaluation of a physical activity intervention’s effectiveness in improving bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal women. Participants in the intervention group (n = 27, with 24 completing the trial) were instructed to walk at least 10,000 steps every day on a brisk walk and to execute 60 jumps daily, each surpassing 4g of acceleration, using an accelerometer-based wearable device. Meanwhile, the control group (n = 26, with 18 completing the trial) continued with their usual lifestyle. Bone turnover markers, comprising of C-terminal telopeptide of Type I collagen, procollagen Type 1 N-terminal propeptide, and total osteocalcin (carboxylated and undercarboxylated) were measured at baseline and midway through the intervention (3 months). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of the hip and lumbar spine were conducted at baseline and the end of the intervention (6 months) to estimate BMD. Analysis of covariance exhibited significant differences between groups in procollagen Type 1 N-terminal propeptide (−6.74 μg/L, p = .023) and C-terminal telopeptide of Type I collagen (−83 ng/L, p = .043) after 3 months, and in femoral neck BMD (+0.024 g/cm2, p = .016), total hip BMD (+0.036 g/cm2, p = .004), and lumbar spine BMD (+0.026 g/cm2, p = .020) after 6 months. A significant correlation (r = −.73; p < .001) was detected between reductions in C-terminal telopeptide of Type I collagen and increases in femoral neck BMD. In conclusion, this intervention improved BMD in premenopausal women, with bone turnover markers potentially useful for early intervention assessment, though further research is needed.
The Effect of Exercise Intensity on Carbohydrate Sparing Postexercise: Implications for Postexercise Hypoglycemia
Authors: Davey Raymond J. , Jaafar Mohamad H. , Ferreira Luis D. , Fournier Paul A. 
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise intensity on the proportion and rate of carbohydrate oxidation and glucoregulatory hormone responses during recovery from exercise. Six physically active participants completed 1 hr of low-intensity (LI; 50% lactate threshold) or moderate-intensity (MI; 100% lactate threshold) exercise on separate days following a randomized counterbalanced design. During exercise and for 6 hr of recovery, samples of expired air were collected to determine oxygen consumption, respiratory exchange ratio, energy expenditure, and substrate oxidation rates. Blood samples were also collected to measure glucoregulatory hormones (catecholamines, GH) and metabolites (glucose, free fatty acids, lactate, pH, and bicarbonate). During exercise, respiratory exchange ratio, energy expenditure, and the proportion and rate of carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation were higher during MI compared with LI. However, during recovery from MI, respiratory exchange ratio and the proportion and rate of CHO oxidation were lower than preexercise levels and corresponding LI. During exercise and early recovery, catecholamines and growth hormone were higher in MI than LI, and there was a trend for higher levels of free fatty acids in the early recovery from MI compared with LI. In summary, CHO oxidation during exercise increases with exercise intensity but there is a preference for CHO sparing (and fat oxidation) during recovery from MI exercise compared with LI exercise. This exercise intensity-dependent shift in substrate oxidation during recovery is explained, in part, by the pattern of change of key glucoregulatory hormones including catecholamines and growth hormone and plasma fatty acid concentrations.
Phylogenetic characteristics and recombination analysis of echovirus 5 associated with severe acute respiratory infection in China
Authors: Li Wenxia , Song Jinhua , Xu Jin , Wang Huiling , Duan Hongjian , Zhang Yong , Xu Wenbo , Fan Hua , Zhang Yan 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Echovirus 5 (E5) belongs to the enterovirus B (EV-B) species, which is one of the pathogens causing respiratory diseases. Only two whole genome sequences (WGSs) of E5 are available in GenBank, and few studies on E5 have been reported worldwide. In this study, human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells were used to isolate E5 from respiratory samples associated with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). The nucleotide sequence of the VP1 region and the WGSs of two E5 strains were sequenced using Sanger sequencing and high-throughput sequencing technology, respectively. Together with 31 E5 VP1 sequences and 2 WGSs downloaded from GenBank, a total of 33 complete VP1 sequences and 4 WGSs were used for genetic characterization and evolutionary analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed five genotypes (A–E) based on complete VP1 sequences. Evolutionary analysis showed that the time to the most recent common ancestor of E5 was approximately 1952 (95% highest posterior density [HPD] range, 1948–1953]), with a mean substitution rate of 7.74 × 10
−3
subs/site/year (95% HPD range, 6.44–9.11 × 10
−3
). In addition, the WGS analyses showed that the nucleotide and amino acid similarities of the coding regions of the two strains obtained in this study with the prototype of the E5 strain Noyce were 80.2% and 97.2%, respectively. Recombination analysis showed that the two E5 strains may have intraspecific recombination with E6, EV-B85, and CVA9 serotypes in the nonstructural region. This study reports the isolation of E5 from SARI cases for the first time, and genetic characterization and evolutionary analysis provide valuable information on global E5 molecular epidemiology.

IMPORTANCE
This study is the first report of echovirus 5 (E5) associated with severe acute respiratory infection and obtained the first E5 whole-genome sequence in China. Combined with the sequences available in the GenBank database, the first genotyping, phylogenetic characteristics, recombination, and genetic evolutionary analysis of E5 was performed in this study. Our findings providing valuable information on global E5 molecular epidemiology.