bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A hybrid model of CNN and LSTM autoencoder-based short-term PV power generation forecasting
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Sayed , Gharghory Sawsan Morkos , Kamal Hanan Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSolar energy is one of the main renewable energies available to fulfill global clean energy targets. The main issue of solar energy like other renewable energies is its randomness and intermittency which affects power grids stability. As a solution for this issue, energy storage units could be used to store surplus energy and reuse it during low solar generation intervals. Also, in order to sustain stable power grid and better grid operation and energy storage management, photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting is inevitable. In this paper, new hybrid model based on deep learning techniques is proposed to predict short-term PV power generation. The proposed model incorporates convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) autoencoder network. The new model differentiates itself in accomplishing high prediction accuracy by extracting spatial features in time series via CNN layers and temporal features between the time series data through LSTM. The introduced model is tested on dataset of power generation from southern UK solar farm and the weather data corresponding to same location and time intervals; the forecasting performance of the suggested model is evaluated in metrics of root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The used model is compared with different models from the literature either of pure type of network such as LSTM and gated recurrent unit (GRU) or hybrid combination of different networks like CNN-LSTM and CNN-GRU. The results show that proposed model provides enhanced results and reduces training time significantly compared to other competitive models, where the performance of the proposed model improved averagely by 5% to 25% in terms of RMSE and MAE performance metrics, and the execution time of training significantly reduced with almost 70% less compared to other models.
Utility of in vivo metabolomics to support read-across for UVCB substances under REACH
Authors: Kamp H. , Kocabas N. Aygun , Faulhammer F. , Synhaeve N. , Rushton E. , Flick B. , Giri V. , Sperber S. , Higgins L. G. , Penman M. G. , van Ravenzwaay B. , Rooseboom M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStructure-based grouping of chemicals for targeted testing and read-across is an efficient way to reduce resources and animal usage. For substances of unknown or variable composition, complex reaction products, or biological materials (UVCBs), structure-based grouping is virtually impossible. Biology-based approaches such as metabolomics could provide a solution. Here, 15 steam-cracked distillates, registered in the EU through the Lower Olefins Aromatics Reach Consortium (LOA), as well as six of the major substance constituents, were tested in a 14-day rat oral gavage study, in line with the fundamental elements of the OECD 407 guideline, in combination with plasma metabolomics. Beyond signs of clinical toxicity, reduced body weight (gain), and food consumption, pathological investigations demonstrated the liver, thyroid, kidneys (males only), and hematological system to be the target organs. These targets were confirmed by metabolome pattern recognition, with no additional targets being identified. While classical toxicological parameters did not allow for a clear distinction between the substances, univariate and multivariate statistical analysis of the respective metabolomes allowed for the identification of several subclusters of biologically most similar substances. These groups were partly associated with the dominant (> 50%) constituents of these UVCBs, i.e., indene and dicyclopentadiene. Despite minor differences in clustering results based on the two statistical analyses, a proposal can be made for the grouping of these UVCBs. Both analyses correctly clustered the chemically most similar compounds, increasing the confidence that this biological approach may provide a solution for the grouping of UVCBs.
Molecular characteristics and improved survival prediction in a cohort of 2023 ependymomas
Authors: Pohl Lara C. , Leitheiser Maximilian , Obrecht Denise , Schweizer Leonille , Wefers Annika K. , Eckhardt Alicia , Raffeld Mark , Sturm Dominik , Pajtler Kristian W. , Rutkowski Stefan , Fukuoka Kohei , Ichimura Koichi , Bockmayr Michael , Schüller Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe diagnosis of ependymoma has moved from a purely histopathological review with limited prognostic value to an integrated diagnosis, relying heavily on molecular information. However, as the integrated approach is still novel and some molecular ependymoma subtypes are quite rare, few studies have correlated integrated pathology and clinical outcome, often focusing on small series of single molecular types. We collected data from 2023 ependymomas as classified by DNA methylation profiling, consisting of 1736 previously published and 287 unpublished methylation profiles. Methylation data and clinical information were correlated, and an integrated model was developed to predict progression-free survival. Patients with EPN-PFA, EPN-ZFTA, and EPN-MYCN tumors showed the worst outcome with 10-year overall survival rates of 56%, 62%, and 32%, respectively. EPN-PFA harbored chromosome 1q gains and/or 6q losses as markers for worse survival. In supratentorial EPN-ZFTA, a combined loss of CDKN2A and B indicated worse survival, whereas a single loss did not. Twelve out of 200 EPN-ZFTA (6%) were located in the posterior fossa, and these tumors relapsed or progressed even earlier than supratentorial tumors with a combined loss of CDKN2A/B. Patients with MPE and PF-SE, generally regarded as non-aggressive tumors, only had a 10-year progression-free survival of 59% and 65%, respectively. For the prediction of the 5-year progression-free survival, Kaplan-Meier estimators based on the molecular subtype, a Support Vector Machine based on methylation, and an integrated model based on clinical factors, CNV data, and predicted methylation scores achieved balanced accuracies of 66%, 68%, and 73%, respectively. Excluding samples with low prediction scores resulted in balanced accuracies of over 80%. In sum, our large-scale analysis of ependymomas provides robust information about molecular features and their clinical meaning. Our data are particularly relevant for rare and hardly explored tumor subtypes and seemingly benign variants that display higher recurrence rates than previously believed.
Trophic niches of Collembola communities change with elevation, but also with body size and life form
Authors: Lux Johannes , Xie Zhijing , Sun Xin , Wu Donghui , Scheu Stefan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClimate change will likely increase habitat loss of endemic tree species and drives forest conversion in mountainous forests. Elevation gradients provide the opportunity to predict possible consequences of such changes. While species compositions of various taxa have been investigated along elevation gradients, data on trophic changes in soil-dwelling organisms are scarce. Here, we investigated trophic changes of the Collembola communities along the northern slope of Changbai Mountain, China. We sampled Collembola in primary forests at seven elevations (800–1700 m asl). We measured individual body lengths and bulk stable isotopes on species level. We further categorized Collembola species into life forms. The community-weighted means of Δ15N and Δ13C values as well as minimum Δ15N values and isotopic uniqueness of Collembola communities increased with increasing elevation, while the range of Δ15N values decreased. Maximum and minimum of Δ13C values differed between elevations but showed no linear trend. Further, Δ15N values of Collembola species occurring across all elevations increased with elevation. Changes in Δ15N values with elevation were most pronounced in hemiedaphic species, while Δ13C values increased strongest with elevation in euedaphic species. Δ15N values increased with decreasing body size in hemiedaphic and euedaphic species. Overall, the results suggest that Collembola species functioning as primary decomposers at lower elevations shift towards functioning as secondary decomposers or even predators or scavengers at higher elevation forests. The results further indicate that access to alternative food resources depends on Collembola life form as well as body size and varies between ecosystems.
Gefügeveränderungen an Bronzeteilen während experimenteller archäologischer Kremierungen
Authors: Haubner Roland , Strobl Susanne , Fritzl Michaela , Konrad Michael 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der späten Bronzezeit (ca. 1300–800 v. Chr.) waren Brandbestattungen die dominierende Bestattungsform über weite Teile Europas. In Anlehnung an Bronzeartefakten aus Brandgräbern der Fundstelle Inzersdorf ob der Traisen wurden archäologische Experimente durchgeführt. Kremierungsversuche mit Schweinen sollten zeigen, wie sich Bronzeobjekte in Bezug auf ihre Position am Scheiterhaufen und den unterschiedlichen Bedingungen, während der Kremierung verändern. Gewölbte Bronzeplättchen (sogenannte „Buckelchen“) aus Cu10%Sn wurden auf ein Leichentuch und verschiedene Kleidungsstücke aufgenäht, gemeinsam mit einem Schwein kremiert, aus dem abgebrannte Scheiterhaufen geborgen und abschließend metallographisch untersucht.Durch metallographische Analysen soll eine Abschätzung der Temperaturen erfolgen, welcher die einzelnen Bronzeobjekte während der Kremierung ausgesetzt waren. Die Gefügeveränderungen variieren zwischen kaum verändert, rekristallisiert bis aufgeschmolzen.Vergleiche mit bronzezeitlichen „Buckelchen“ sollen Erkenntnisse über die seinerzeitigen Kremierungbedingungen und die damals erreichten Temperaturen bringen.
Ein neuer Blickwinkel auf die merkmalsorientierte Ordnung von Vierecken
Authors: Kaiser Peter 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel betrachten wir das Haus der Vierecke aus einem neuen Blickwinkel. Aufbauend auf der Analyse von Volkert, [14], untersuchen wir merkmalsorientierte Ordnungen. Im Gegensatz zu Volkert erzeugen wir das entstehende Haus jedoch nicht als „Flurbereinigung“ eines kompletten Systems, sondern als einen „natürlich gewachsenen Graphen“ . Insbesondere erlaubt uns dies die, durch die Merkmale aufgeprägten, Zusammenhänge zwischen den Vierecken zu verdeutlichen.
Requirements and software engineering for automotive perception systems: an interview study
Authors: Habibullah Khan Mohammad , Heyn Hans-Martin , Gay Gregory , Horkoff Jennifer , Knauss Eric , Borg Markus , Knauss Alessia , Sivencrona Håkan , Li Polly Jing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDriving automation systems, including autonomous driving and advanced driver assistance, are an important safety-critical domain. Such systems often incorporate perception systems that use machine learning to analyze the vehicle environment. We explore new or differing topics and challenges experienced by practitioners in this domain, which relate to requirements engineering (RE), quality, and systems and software engineering. We have conducted a semi-structured interview study with 19 participants across five companies and performed thematic analysis of the transcriptions. Practitioners have difficulty specifying upfront requirements and often rely on scenarios and operational design domains (ODDs) as RE artifacts. RE challenges relate to ODD detection and ODD exit detection, realistic scenarios, edge case specification, breaking down requirements, traceability, creating specifications for data and annotations, and quantifying quality requirements. Practitioners consider performance, reliability, robustness, user comfort, and—most importantly—safety as important quality attributes. Quality is assessed using statistical analysis of key metrics, and quality assurance is complicated by the addition of ML, simulation realism, and evolving standards. Systems are developed using a mix of methods, but these methods may not be sufficient for the needs of ML. Data quality methods must be a part of development methods. ML also requires a data-intensive verification and validation process, introducing data, analysis, and simulation challenges. Our findings contribute to understanding RE, safety engineering, and development methodologies for perception systems. This understanding and the collected challenges can drive future research for driving automation and other ML systems.
The tongue microbiome of young patients with chronic kidney disease and their healthy mothers
Authors: Hoefer Karolin C. , Weber Lutz T. , Barbe Anna Greta , Graf Isabelle , Thom Stefanie , Nowag Angela , Scholz Claus J. , Wisplinghoff Hilmar , Noack Michael J. , Jazmati Nathalie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Oral microbiome plays a crucial role in the incidence and development of oral diseases. An altered intestinal microbiome has been reported in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to characterize the tongue microbiome of young patients with CKD compared to their healthy mothers to identify the influence of CKD-associated factors on resilient tongue ecosystem.

Material and methods
Thirty patients with CKD (mean age, 14.2 years; 16 males and 14 females) and generalized gingivitis were included in the study. Swabs of the posterior tongue were collected from the patients and 21 mothers (mean age 40.8 years). Next-generation sequencing of 16S rDNA genes was employed to quantitatively characterize microbial communities.

Results
The bacterial communities were similar in terms of richness and diversity between patients and mothers (p > 0.05). In patients with CKD, 5 core phyla, 20 core genera, and 12 core species were identified.

Conclusions
The tongue microbiome of the study participants showed no relevant CKD-associated differences compared to their mothers and appears to be a highly preserved niche in the oral cavity. Differences observed in the abundance of individual species in this study could be attributed to the age rather than CKD, even after a mean disease duration of 11 years.

Clinical relevance
CKD and its associated metabolic changes appear to have no detectable impact on the resilient tongue microbiome observed in young patients.
Gender gap in deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease: preliminary results of a retrospective study
Authors: Somma Teresa , Bove Ilaria , Vitulli Francesca , Solari Domenico , Bocchino Andrea , Palmiero Carmela , Scala Maria Rosaria , Zoia Cesare , Cappabianca Paolo , Esposito Felice 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSubthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is an effective treatment of PD for both women and men. However, discussions have been reported about the impact of STN-DBS surgery in PD. The aim of our study is to identify differences between men and women in terms of pre- and post-DBS symptoms and try to explain the possible causes. In the current study, we evaluated the gender impact on STN-DBS in PD at the Department of Neurosurgery of University of Naples “Federico II” from 2013 to 2021. Motor and non-motor symptoms were evaluated. To compare the data before and after surgery and between the genders, Wilcoxon-Mann–Whitney tests were performed. A total of 43 patients with PD were included; of them, 17 (39%) were female. Baseline evaluation revealed no gender differences in the age of onset (p = 0.87). Not significant differences were noted in the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) pre-surgery score, but if we consider UPDRS subscores of motor examination, significant clinical improvement was reported in both male and female in terms of UPDRS pre- and post-surgery (p < 0.001). STN-DBS is a highly effective treatment for motor and non-motor symptoms of PD for both women and men but our study hints towards gender-specific outcomes in motor domains. Improving our knowledge in this field can allow us to implement strategies to identify new directions in the development of an adequate treatment of PD in terms of surgical intervention and in consideration of the gender.
The impact of eco-innovation on environmental performance in different regional settings: new evidence from Chinese cities
Authors: Wu Lichao , Wang Lili , Philipsen Niels J. , Fang Xinyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEco-innovation is crucial for pollutants emissions reduction and environmental improvement. However, little is known on how it functions in relation to different technology capabilities and regulations. Using economic and environmental information collected for 285 Chinese cities in the period of 2005–2017, this paper investigates how eco-innovation functions in different contexts. First, different from the existing literature that has mainly focused on direct eco-innovation, our study shows that indirect eco-innovation—spillovers from other regions—can have an even greater impact than direct eco-innovation. This demonstrates the importance of absorbing eco-innovation spillovers from other regions to reduce the amount of pollutants and strengthen environmental performance, in particular for regions without sufficient local R&D capabilities. Second, this study investigates how different kinds of environmental regulation can function differently in stimulating new eco-innovation, which stresses the importance of differentiated instruments in incentivizing firms to adopt eco-innovation and maximize their contributions to environmental performance. In addition, our study also emphasizes the role that cities’ financial development plays in influencing the connection among eco-innovation, different kinds of environmental regulation and environmental performance. An understanding of these mechanisms is critical for the government to improve eco-innovation activities accordingly and make policies that fit specific regional contexts.
The Power of a Human Bridge: Motivating Older Adults to Long-Term Engagement with Touchscreen Devices in a SDT-Based Learning Session
Authors: Oppl Sabrina , Kronberger Nicole , Stary Christian , Oppl Stefan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of digital technology and its pervasiveness in everyday life requires everybody to develop the skills necessary to engage with such technology for one’s mundane tasks and communication needs. The first steps towards developing these skills can be particularly challenging for older adults, who might need to fundamentally adapt their learned and long-practiced routines. Maintaining motivation in these initial steps is crucial for sustained engagement. The present study examines factors that can contribute to promote motivation in a facilitated learning session based on Self-Determination-Theory. We conducted a longitudinal qualitative study in which we examined people’s motivation to engage with digital technology, based on observational data as well as interviews with 33 older adults before and immediately after participating in a facilitated learning session. To investigate sustained effects on motivation, further interviews were conducted 3 months after participation. We found that satisfying the need for relatedness by learning together with peers and receiving support from facilitators was a prerequisite for this target group to develop a sense of competence and autonomy, which can lead to sustained motivation. Long-term motivational effects could not only be explained by the immediate effects of the learning intervention, but were identified to be dependent also on individual needs and predispositions. These findings were aggregated in a typology that identifies relevant influence factors and explains the potential motivational effects for different parts of the target group. It supports learning and technology designers to adapt to the addressed user group.
Psychiatric adverse events associated with semaglutide, liraglutide and tirzepatide: a pharmacovigilance analysis of individual case safety reports submitted to the EudraVigilance database
Authors: Tobaiqy Mansour , Elkout Hajer 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Semaglutide, liraglutide and tirzepatide are glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists that are effective for weight reduction. Recent reports of patients experiencing suicidal thoughts and other psychiatric adverse events while using GLP-1 agonists have raised concerns about the potential risk of self-harm and led the European Medicines Agency to investigate these medications.

Aim
To identify and analyse the psychiatric adverse events associated with semaglutide, liraglutide and tirzepatide.

Method
All individual case safety reports for semaglutide, liraglutide, and tirzepatide reported to the EudraVigilance database from 01/01/2021 to 30/05/2023 were analysed. Descriptive statistics were used to explore study population characteristics.

Results
During the study period, 31,444 adverse event reports were identified: semaglutide (n = 13,956; 44.4%), liraglutide (n = 16,748; 53.2%), and tirzepatide (n = 740; 2.3%). There were 372 reports with psychiatric adverse event reports (n = 372; 1.18%) with a total of 481 adverse events. Women accounted for 65% (n = 242) of these reports. Depression was the most commonly reported adverse event (n = 187; 50.3%), followed by anxiety (n = 144; 38.7%) and suicidal ideation (n = 73; 19.6%). Nine deaths (8 with liraglutide and 1 with semaglutide) and 11 life-threatening outcomes (4 associated with liraglutide and 7 with semaglutide) were reported. The fatal outcomes occurred primarily among men (8 out of 9) resulting from completed suicidal attempts and depression.

Conclusion
Psychiatric adverse events comprised only 1.2% of the total reports for semaglutide, liraglutide, and tirzepatide. However, the severity and fatal outcomes of some of these reports warrant further investigation.
Geometric and radiometric recording of prehistoric graphic expression: the case of Peña Tu (Asturias, Spain)
Authors: Teira Luis , Bayarri Vicente , Ontañón Roberto , Castillo Elena , Arias Pablo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the studies on Prehistoric Graphic Expression, there are recurrent discussions about the tracings generated by different observers of the same motif. Methodological issues concerning the role of archaeological imaging are often implied within those debates. Do the tracings belong to the observational data exposition chapter, or are they part of the interpretative conclusions? How can the current technological scenario help solve these problems? In 2017, we conducted new documentation of the Peña Tu rock shelter, a well-known site with an intriguing post-palaeolithic graphic collection documented on several occasions throughout the twentieth century. Our objective was to provide quantifiable and, if possible, objective documentation of the painted and engraved remnants on the shelter’s surface. To achieve this, we employed two data capture strategies. One strategy focused on analysing the vestiges of paintings using a hyperspectral sensor, while the other centred on the geometric definition of engravings and the rock support, utilising photogrammetric techniques and laser scanning. These approaches presented various parallax challenges. Despite these challenges, our results were highly satisfactory. We resolved uncertainties regarding the formal features of specific designs that had been subject to debate for a long time. Additionally, we discovered previously unpublished areas with traces of paintings. Lastly, we developed a map highlighting recent alterations and deteriorations, providing a valuable tool for assessing the site’s preservation status. In conclusion, by employing advanced technology and comprehensive documentation methods, we significantly contributed to understanding and preserving the prehistoric graphic expressions at the Peña Tu rock shelter.