bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investment externalities, bank liquidity creation, and bank failures
Authors: Dietrich Diemo , Vollmer Uwe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that banks are interconnected through investment externalities among their borrowers. We study how such investment externalities affect the ability of unregulated, competitive banks to facilitate risk sharing among bank depositors, adapting a canonical model of banks as creators of liquidity subject to fundamental risks to bank returns. Failures occur when banks become insolvent. We find that investment externalities render fundamental risks to bank returns endogenous, risk sharing among depositors inefficient, probabilities of bank failures too high, and payouts to depositors in the event of a bank failure too low. These effects arise because productivity is too low in the presence of investment externalities. Minimum liquidity standards and bank bailouts dampen productivity further.
A causal, time-independent synchronization pattern for collective adaptive systems
Authors: Fettke Peter , Reisig Wolfgang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArtificial ants are “small” units, moving autonomously on a shared, dynamically changing “space”, directly or indirectly exchanging some kind of information. Artificial ants are frequently conceived as a paradigm for collective adaptive systems. In this paper, we discuss means to represent continuous moves of “ants” in discrete models. More generally, we challenge the role of the notion of “time” in artificial ant systems and models. We suggest a modeling framework that structures behavior along causal dependencies rather than temporal relations. We present all arguments with the help of a simple example. As a modeling framework we employ Heraklit; an emerging framework that has already proven its worth in many contexts. Different concrete collective systems share similar features, despite differences in the size of basic sets, concrete values of functions, etc., and can therefore be conceived as instantiations of a single schema. Hence, we need a representation of systems on the schematic level.
Assessing the colony morphotypes and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Malaysian clinical Burkholderia pseudomallei to support the use of EUCAST disk diffusion breakpoints to determine antibiotic resistance
Authors: Hii Shirley Yi Fen , Zaiful Bahrina Nurul Naziha , Mohd Zaidi Maswani Nabilah , Hashim Rohaidah , Ahmad Norazah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBurkholderia pseudomallei is intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics. This study aimed to assess bacterial colony morphotypes and the validity of using disk diffusion method (DD) to determine antibiotic resistance in Malaysian clinical B. pseudomallei isolates for ceftazidime (CAZ), meropenem (MEM), amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) and doxycycline (DOX). DD produced good categorical agreements exhibiting concordance of 100% with reference method, broth microdilution for CAZ and DOX, 98.6% for MEM and 97.2% for AMC. Smooth-centred colonies were most frequently observed. EUCAST DD interpretative criterion is suitable to interpret B. pseudomallei CAZ, MEM, AMC and DOX resistance. Increasing AMC MIC in B. pseudomallei is a concern.
Efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy on pain and physical function in patients with non-specific low back pain: a systematic review
Authors: Kull Philipp , Keilani Mohammad , Remer Franziska , Crevenna Richard 
Published: November 2023

Summary

Introduction
Non-specific low back pain is a common and clinically significant condition with substantial socioeconomic implications. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy has shown benefits in pain reduction and improvement of physical function in patients with pain-associated disorders like osteoarthritis. However, studies had heterogeneous settings. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of PEMF on pain and function on patients with non-specific low back pain.

Methods
A systematic literature search of randomized controlled trials in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PEDro was performed (from inception until 15/5/2023). Outcome measures assessed pain and function.

Results
Nine randomized controlled trials with 420 participants (n = 420) were included. The studies compared PEMF vs. placebo-PEMF, PEMF and conventional physical therapy vs. conventional physical therapy alone, PEMF and conventional physical therapy vs. placebo-PEMF and conventional physical therapy, PEMF vs. high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) vs. conventional physical therapy, and osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) and PEMF vs. PEMF alone vs. placebo-PEMF vs. OMT alone. Five of the nine included studies showed statistically significant pain reduction and improvement in physical function in comparison to their control groups (p < 0.05). There was substantial heterogeneity among the groups of the study, with a wide range of duration (10–30 min), treatments per week (2–7/week), applied frequencies (3–50 Hz), and intensities (2mT–150mT). No serious adverse event had been reported in any study. The included studies showed solid methodological quality, with an overall score of 7.2 points according to the PEDro scale.

Conclusion
PEMF therapy seems to be a safe and beneficial treatment option for non-specific low back pain, particularly if used as an addition to conventional physical therapy modalities. Future research should focus on standardized settings including assessment methods, treatment regimens, frequencies, and intensities.
Professional competences to promote healthy ageing across the lifespan: a scoping review
Authors: Carrillo-Alvarez Elena , Rodríguez-Monforte Míriam , Fernández-Jané Carles , Solà-Madurell Mireia , Kozakiewicz Mariusz , Głowacka Mariola , Leclère Mariel , Nimani Endrit , Hoxha Adnan , Hirvonen Armi , Järvinen Sari , van der Velde Miriam , van Scherpenseel Meike , Lopes António Alves , Santos Hugo , Guimarães Isabel , Handgraaf Marietta , Grüneberg Christian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs societies age, the development of resources and strategies that foster healthy ageing from the beginning of life become increasingly important. Social and healthcare professionals are key agents in this process; therefore, their training needs to be in agreement with societal needs. We performed a scoping review on professional competences for social and health workers to adequately promote healthy ageing throughout life, using the framework described by Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute Guidelines. A stakeholder consultation was held in each of the participating countries, in which 79 experts took part. Results show that current literature has been excessively focused on the older age and that more attention on how to work with younger population groups is needed. Likewise, not all disciplines have equally reflected on their role before this challenge and interprofessional approaches, despite showing promise, have not been sufficiently described. Based on our results, health and social professionals working to promote healthy ageing across the lifespan will need sound competences regarding person-centred communication, professional communication, technology applications, physiological and pathophysiological aspects of ageing, social and environmental aspects, cultural diversity, programs and policies, ethics, general and basic skills, context and self-management-related skills, health promotion and disease prevention skills, educational and research skills, leadership skills, technological skills and clinical reasoning. Further research should contribute to establishing which competences are more relevant to each discipline and at what level they should be taught, as well as how they can be best implemented to effectively transform health and social care systems.
Ibuprofen inhibits anaplastic thyroid cells in vivo and in vitro by triggering NLRP3-ASC-GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis
Authors: Guo Haohao , Ma Runsheng , Zhang Yifei , Yin Keyu , Du Gongbo , Yin Fanxiang , Li Hongqiang , Wang Ziyang , Yin Detao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPyroptosis is a novel type of proinflammatory programmed cell death that is associated with inflammation, immunity, and cancer. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) has a high fatality rate, and there is no effective or standard treatment. The disease progresses rapidly and these tumors can invade the trachea and esophagus, leading to breathing and swallowing difficulties. Hence, new treatment methods are greatly needed. Ibuprofen is a common drug that can exert antitumor effects in some cancers. In this study, we demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that ibuprofen can induce ATC pyroptosis. Hence, we treated C643 and OCUT-2C ATC cells with ibuprofen and found that several dying cells presented the characteristic morphological features of pyroptosis, such as bubble-like swelling and membrane rupture, accompanied by activation of ASC and NLRP3 and cleavage of GSDMD. Along with the increased release of LDH, ibuprofen treatment promoted apoptosis and inhibited viability, invasion, and migration. However, overexpression of GSDMD significantly inhibited ibuprofen-induced pyroptosis. In vivo, research has demonstrated that thyroid tumor growth in nude mice can be suppressed by ibuprofen-induced pyroptosis in a dose-dependent manner. In this research, we explored a new mechanism by which ibuprofen inhibits ATC growth and progression and highlighted its promise as a therapeutic agent for ATC.
‘Does the Claim that there are no Theories Imply that there is no History of Theories to be Written?(!)’*
Authors: French Steven 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn There Are No Such Things As Theories (French 2020), the reification of theories is critically analysed and rejected. My aim here is to tease out some of the implications of this approach first of all, for how we, philosophers of science, should view the history of science; secondly, for how we should understand the devices that we use in our own philosophical practices; and thirdly, for how we might think about the relationship between the history of science and the philosophy of science.
Does moral anti-theodicy beg the question?
Authors: Echazú Gabriel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSome philosophers of religion have argued that moral anti-theodicy begs the question. This paper evaluates the arguments from two such philosophers, writing a decade apart—Robert Mark Simpson, and Lauri Snellman. Simpson argues that any global argument against theodicy must allow for the possibility of there existing a plausible theodicy, and that anti-theodical arguments (the argument from insensitivity, the argument from detachment, and the argument from harmful consequences) all implicitly discount this possibility, thus ending up begging the question. Snellman argues that moral anti-theodicies presuppose that some evils cannot be justified, which would presuppose that theodicy is false from the start, which in turn would beg the question against theodicy. The author of the paper argues that Simpson’s arguments rest on an erroneous assumption regarding the nature of anti-theodicy, and that one of Simpson’s arguments sets a problematic standard for argumentation that the author argues we should not accept. It is also argued that Snellman’s argument relies on an unsupported claim from Toby Betenson. Therefore, the author concludes that Simpson and Snellman have not managed to show that moral anti-theodicies beg the question.
Analyzing the impact of companies on AI research based on publications
Authors: Färber Michael , Tampakis Lazaros 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most momentous technologies of our time. Thus, it is of major importance to know which stakeholders influence AI research. Besides researchers at universities and colleges, researchers in companies have hardly been considered in this context. In this article, we consider how the influence of companies on AI research can be made measurable on the basis of scientific publishing activities. We compare academic- and company-authored AI publications published in the last decade and use scientometric data from multiple scholarly databases to look for differences across these groups and to disclose the top contributing organizations. While the vast majority of publications is still produced by academia, we find that the citation count an individual publication receives is significantly higher when it is (co–)authored by a company. Furthermore, using a variety of altmetric indicators, we notice that publications with company participation receive considerably more attention online. Finally, we place our analysis results in a broader context and present targeted recommendations to safeguard a harmonious balance between academia and industry in the realm of AI research.
The formation of a field: sustainability science and its leading journals
Authors: Schirone Marco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the scholarly field of sustainability science between 2001 and 2021 from the perspective of 18 frequently cited journals. For this purpose, the article employs the concept of the “scientific field” developed by the sociologist Pierre Bourdieu and the associated methodology of Geometric Data Analysis (GDA). Thus, two GDA approaches, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), as well as analyses of co-citation and co-authorship relations, were used to identify the positions of these journals in the field. One key finding is the historical shift from an earlier dominance of chemistry-related journals to publications more broadly concerned with sustainability research. The MCA analyses show that the selection of research topics is in line with a “weak” rather than “strong” interpretation of the concept “sustainability.” Networks based on co-authorship relations reveal an overall increment in this type of collaboration, both at the level of organizations and countries. Since 2008, Chinese universities have notably increased their presence in the output of the journals examined in the study. Three strategies in shaping the field through its journals are discernable: publications strongly characterized by a systems theory perspective, notably Sustainability Science; generalist journals committed to sustainability research in a broader meaning; and publications that address sustainability issues mainly within a specific discipline.
Universal Representations: A Unified Look at Multiple Task and Domain Learning
Authors: Li Wei-Hong , Liu Xialei , Bilen Hakan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe propose a unified look at jointly learning multiple vision tasks and visual domains through universal representations, a single deep neural network. Learning multiple problems simultaneously involves minimizing a weighted sum of multiple loss functions with different magnitudes and characteristics and thus results in unbalanced state of one loss dominating the optimization and poor results compared to learning a separate model for each problem. To this end, we propose distilling knowledge of multiple task/domain-specific networks into a single deep neural network after aligning its representations with the task/domain-specific ones through small capacity adapters. We rigorously show that universal representations achieve state-of-the-art performances in learning of multiple dense prediction problems in NYU-v2 and Cityscapes, multiple image classification problems from diverse domains in Visual Decathlon Dataset and cross-domain few-shot learning in MetaDataset. Finally we also conduct multiple analysis through ablation and qualitative studies.
Intelligent biomedical image classification in a big data architecture using metaheuristic optimization and gradient approximation
Authors: Almutairi Laila , Abugabah Ahed , Alhumyani Hesham , Mohamed Ahmed A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMedical imaging has experienced significant development in contemporary medicine and can now record a variety of biomedical pictures from patients to test and analyze the illness and its severity. Computer vision and artificial intelligence may outperform human diagnostic ability and uncover hidden information in biomedical images. In healthcare applications, fast prediction and reliability are of the utmost importance parameters to assure the timely detection of disease. The existing systems have poor classification accuracy, and higher computation time and the system complexity is higher. Low-quality images might impact the processing method, leading to subpar results. Furthermore, extensive preprocessing techniques are necessary for achieving accurate outcomes. Image contrast is one of the most essential visual parameters. Insufficient contrast may present many challenges for computer vision techniques. Traditional contrast adjustment techniques may not be adequate for many applications. Occasionally, these technologies create photos that lack crucial information. The primary contribution of this work is designing a Big Data Architecture (BDA) to improve the dependability of medical systems by producing real-time warnings and making precise forecasts about patient health conditions. A BDA-based Bio-Medical Image Classification (BDA-BMIC) system is designed to detect the illness of patients using Metaheuristic Optimization (Genetic Algorithm) and Gradient Approximation to improve the biomedical image classification process. Extensive tests are conducted on publicly accessible datasets to demonstrate that the suggested retrieval and categorization methods are superior to the current methods. The suggested BDA-BMIC system has average detection accuracy of 94.6% and a sensitivity of 97.3% in the simulation analysis.
Mercury accumulation efficiency of different biomonitors in indoor environments: the case study of the Central Italian Herbarium (Florence, Italy)
Authors: Ciani Francesco , Fornasaro Silvia , Benesperi Renato , Bianchi Elisabetta , Cabassi Jacopo , Di Nuzzo Luca , Grifoni Lisa , Venturi Stefania , Costagliola Pilario , Rimondi Valentina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBiomonitoring studies are often employed to track airborne pollutants both in outdoor and indoor environments. In this study, the mercury (Hg) sorption by three biomonitors, i.e., Pinus nigra bark, Pseudovernia furfuracea lichen, and Hypnum cupressiforme moss, was investigated in controlled (indoor) conditions. In comparison to outdoor environments, controlled conditions offer the opportunity to investigate more in detail the variables (humidity, temperature, pollutants speciation, etc.) that control Hg uptake. The biomonitors were exposed in two distinct periods of the year for 2 and 12 months respectively, in the halls of the Central Italian Herbarium (Natural History Museum of the University of Florence, Italy), which are polluted by Hg, due to past plant sample treatments. The Hg sorption trend was monitored every 3 weeks by recording: (i) the Hg content in the substrata, (ii) gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) concentrations in the exposition halls, (iii) temperature, (iv) humidity, and (v) particulate matter (PM) concentrations. At the end of the experiment, Hg concentrations in the biomonitors range from 1130 ± 201 to 293 ± 45 μg kg−1 (max–min) in barks, from 3470 ± 571 to 648 ± 40 μg kg−1 in lichens, and from 3052 ± 483 to 750 ± 127 μg kg−1 in mosses. All the biomonitors showed the highest Hg accumulation after the first 3 weeks of exposure. Mercury concentrations increased over time showing a continuous accumulation during the experiments. The biomonitors demonstrated different Hg accumulation trends in response to GEM concentrations and to the different climatic conditions (temperature and humidity) of the Herbarium halls. Barks strictly reflected the gaseous Hg pollution, while lichen and moss accumulation was also influenced by the climatic conditions of the indoor environment. Mercury bound to PM seemed to provide a negligible contribution to the biomonitors final uptake.
Wellbeing Heterogeneity within and Among University Students
Authors: Liu Ivy , Morrison Philip S. , Zeng Dylon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe widespread international concern over the low average wellbeing of university students shows no sign of abating. Neglected in the debate is a recognition that wellbeing itself is multidimensional and not all components respond in the same way to external and internal pressures. We draw on a large sample survey of first year students who enrolled in a New Zealand university in 2019 and measure their wellbeing using the WHO-5 measuring instrument. Instead of modelling the index itself we address its five individual components. We apply the marginal (population-averages) model using the generalised estimating equation (GEE) method. As well as confirming earlier findings that students with poorer physical health and lower financial capacity experience lower levels of wellbeing, we document their uneven influence on the relative frequency with which the five individual components are experienced: being cheerful, calm, active, fresh and interested over the previous two teaching weeks.
Your Heart Function Has Normalized—What Next After TRED-HF?
Authors: Kasiakogias Alexandros , Ragavan Aaraby , Halliday Brian P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
With the widespread implementation of contemporary disease-modifying heart failure therapy, the rates of normalization of ejection fraction are continuously increasing. The TRED-HF trial confirmed that heart failure remission rather than complete recovery is typical in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy who respond to therapy. The present review outlines key points related to the management and knowledge gaps of this growing patient group, focusing on patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Recent Findings
There is substantial heterogeneity among patients with normalized ejection fraction. The specific etiology is likely to affect the outcome, although a multiple-hit phenotype is frequent and may not be identified without comprehensive characterization. A monogenic or polygenic genetic susceptibility is common. Ongoing pathophysiological processes may be unraveled with advanced cardiac imaging, biomarkers, multi-omics, and machine learning technologies. There are limited studies that have investigated the withdrawal of specific heart failure therapies in these patients. Diuretics may be safely withdrawn if there is no evidence of congestion, while continued therapy with at least some disease-modifying therapy is likely to be required to reduce myocardial workload and sustain remission for the vast majority.

Summary
Understanding the underlying disease mechanisms of patients with normalized ejection fraction is crucial in identifying markers of myocardial relapse and guiding individualized therapy in the future. Ongoing clinical trials should inform personalized approaches to therapy.