bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproducible Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Two‐Dimensional Cortical Neuron Cultures with Checkpoints for Success
Authors: Waxman Elisa A. , Dungan Lea V. , DeFlitch Leah M. , Merchant Julie P. , Gagne Alyssa L. , Goldberg Ethan M. , French Deborah L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe patterning of excitatory cortical neurons from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is a desired technique for the study of neurodevelopmental disorders, as neurons can be created and compared from control hPSC lines, hPSC lines generated from patients, and CRISPR‐modified hPSC lines. Therefore, this technique allows for the examination of disease phenotypes and assists in the development of potential new therapeutics for neurodevelopmental disorders. Many protocols, however, are optimized for use with specific hPSC lines or within a single laboratory, and they often provide insufficient guidance on how to identify positive stages in the differentiation or how to troubleshoot. Here, we present an efficient and reproducible directed differentiation protocol to generate two‐dimensional cultures of hPSC‐derived excitatory cortical neurons without intermediary embryoid body formation. This novel protocol is supported by our data generated with five independent hPSC lines and in two independent laboratories. Importantly, as neuronal differentiations follow a long time course to reach maturity, we provide extensive guidance regarding morphological and flow cytometry checkpoints allowing for early indications of successful differentiation. We also include extensive troubleshooting tips and support protocols to assist the operator. The goal of this protocol is to assist others in the successful differentiation of excitatory cortical neurons from hPSCs. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Directed differentiation of hPSCs into excitatory cortical neuronsSupport Protocol 1: Harvesting and fixing cells for flow cytometry analysesSupport Protocol 2: Performing flow cytometry analysesSupport Protocol 3: Thawing NPCs from a cryopreserved stockAlternate Protocol 1: Continuing Expansion of NPCsAlternate Protocol 2: Treatment of neurons with Ara‐C to ablate radial gliaSupport Protocol 4: Experimental methods for validation of excitatory cortical neurons
The ratio of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 4I1 and 4I2 mRNA is changed in permanent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Vogt Sebastian , Ramzan Rabia , Cybulski Pia , Rhiel Annika , Weber Petra , Ruppert Volker , Irqsusi Marc , Rohrbach Susanne , Niemann Bernd , Mirow Nikolas , Rastan Ardawan J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsThe conditions of hypoxia are suggested to induce permanent atrial fibrillation (AF). The regulation of COX4I2 and COX4I1 depends on oxygen availability in tissues. A role of COX4I2 in the myocardium of AF patients is supposed for pathogenesis of AF and subsequent alterations in the electron transfer chain (ETC) under hypoxia.Methods and resultsIn vitro, influence of hypoxia on HeLa 53 cells was studied and elevated parts of COX 4I2 were confirmed. Myocardial biopsies were taken ex vivo from the patients' Right Atria with SR (n = 31) and AF (n = 11), respectively. RT‐ PCR for mRNA expresson, mitochondrial respiration by polarography and the protein content of cytochrome c oxidase (CytOx) subunit 4I1 and CytOx subunit 4I2 by ELISA were studied. Clinical data were correlated to the findings of gene expressions in parallel. Patients with permanent AF had a change in isoform 4I2/4I1 expression along with a decrease of isoform COX 4I1 expression. The 4I2/4I1 ratio of mRNA expression was increased from 0.630 to 1.058 in comparison. However, the protein content of CytOx subunit 4 was much lower in the AF group, whereas the respiration/units enzyme activity in both groups remained the same.ConclusionsThis study describes a possible molecular correlate for the development of AF. Due to the known functional significance of COX 4I2, mitochondrial dysfunction can be assumed as a part of the pathogenesis of AF.
Diastereoselective (8+3)‐Cycloadditions of Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Tropothione
Authors: Mlostoń Grzegorz , Kowalczyk Mateusz , Palusiak Marcin , Oliver Gwyndaf A. , von Köller Heinrich F. , Werz Daniel B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReactions of dimethyl 2‐arylcyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylates, used as representatives of D‐A cyclopropanes, with tropothione were carried out in the presence of scandium triflate as a catalyst, under mild conditions (CH2Cl2 solution, rt). The anticipated (8+3)‐cycloaddition products, cycloheptatriene fused thiopyrans, were obtained in good to excellent yields. Cycloadditions occurred with complete diastereoselectivity and in all cases single diastereomers were formed. Structures of isolated cycloadducts were established based on spectroscopic data and in two cases they were unambiguously confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. In contrast to an analogous (8+3)‐cycloaddition reported for parent tropone, which was performed in the presence of Ni(ClO4)2, no 1,3‐H shift leading to products possessing a CH2 moiety located within the seven‐membered ring was observed.
Effects of Lamiaceae family plants and their bioactive ingredients on coronavirus‐induced lung inflammation
Authors: Kianmehr Majid , Khazdair Mohammad Reza , Abbasnezhad Abbasali , Akram Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCoronaviruses (CoVs) are a family of viruses that cause infection in respiratory and intestinal systems. Different types of CoVs, those responsible for the SARS‐CoV and the new global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in people, have been found. Some plants were used as food additives: spices and dietary and/or medicinal purposes in folk medicine. We aimed to provide evidence about possible effects of two Lamiaceae family plants on control or treatment of CoVs‐induced inflammation. The keywords including coronaviruses, Thymus vulgaris, Zataria multiflora, thymol, carvacrol, antivirus, and anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects were searched in various databases such as PubMed, Web of Sciences (ISI), and Google Scholar until September 2022. The medicinal herbs and their main ingredients, thymol and carvacrol, showed antiviral properties and reduced inflammatory mediators, including IL‐1β; IL‐6, and TNF‐α, at both gene and protein levels but increased the levels of IFN‐γ in the serum as anti‐inflammatory cytokine. These medicinal herbs and their constituents also reduce oxidative stress and enhance antioxidant capacity. The results of molecular docking analyses also indicated that polyphenol components such as thymol, carvone, and carvacrol could inhibit the entry of the viruses into the host cells in molecular docking analyses. The antiviral, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of these plants may be due to actions of their phenolic compounds that modulate immune response and may be useful in the control and treatment of CoV‐induced lung disorder.
Towards stable electrode–electrolyte interphases: Regulating solvation structures in electrolytes for rechargeable batteries
Authors: Ma Mengying , Huang Renzhi , Ling Min , Hu Yong‐Sheng , Pan Huilin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRechargeable batteries are highly in demand to power various electronic devices and future smart electric grid energy storage. The electrode–electrolyte interphases play a crucial role in influencing the electrochemical performance of batteries, with the solvation chemistries of the electrolyte being particularly significant in regulating these interfacial reactions. However, the reaction mechanisms of electrolyte solvation and their specific functions in batteries are not yet fully understood. In this review, we embark on an exploration of the fundamental principles governing solvation and present a comprehensive overview of how solvation structures impact interfacial reactions at the electrode–electrolyte interface. We underscore the significance of interactions among cations, anions, and solvents in shaping electrolyte solvation structures. The primary strategies for controlling solvation structures are also discussed, including the optimization of salt concentrations, solvent interactions, and the introduction of functional cosolvents. Furthermore, we elucidate the oxidation/reduction reaction mechanisms of electrolyte components in different solvation structures and the new understanding of electrolyte additives in modulating interfacial chemistries in batteries. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of incorporating new characterization techniques and theoretical simulations to attain a deeper understanding of the intricate processes taking place within batteries. This review provides an in‐depth understanding in solvations and interphasial properties and new ideas for designing advanced functional electrolytes for rechargeable batteries.
Panel data nowcasting: The case of price–earnings ratios
Authors: Babii Andrii , Ball Ryan T. , Ghysels Eric , Striaukas Jonas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe paper uses structured machine learning regressions for nowcasting with panel data consisting of series sampled at different frequencies. Motivated by the problem of predicting corporate earnings for a large cross‐section of firms with macroeconomic, financial, and news time series sampled at different frequencies, we focus on the sparse‐group LASSO regularization which can take advantage of the mixed‐frequency time series panel data structures. Our empirical results show the superior performance of our machine learning panel data regression models over analysts' predictions, forecast combinations, firm‐specific time series regression models, and standard machine learning methods.
Effect of large d0 cation doping on gamma‐alumina's acid–base and catalytic properties
Authors: Garbarino Gabriella , Riani Paola , Comite Antonio , Finocchio Elisabetta , Busca Guido 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCatalysts based on alumina‐supported metal oxides are of crucial importance in the field of heterogeneous catalysis for several applications requiring tuning of surface acidity.RESULTSIn this work, the effects of K+, Ca2+ and La3+ cation doping have been evaluated on a well‐characterized commercial γ‐Al2O3 through morphological characterization and surface characterization (Brunauer–Emmet–Teller, X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). The conversion of ethanol as a test reaction was performed over these catalysts. The impregnated oxide species essentially remain at the surface, resulting in the partial poisoning of the strongest alumina Lewis acid sites. Moreover, oxide anions may increase basicity at the surface. The doping results in a significant decrease in catalytic activity in ethanol conversion to diethyl ether and to ethylene, which is shifted at higher temperatures. On the other side, higher activity in the formation of C4 olefins was detected, namely on the K‐doped alumina.CONCLUSIONThe partial poisoning of the strongest alumina Lewis acid sites and the presence at the surface of new more basic cation–anion couples result in significant changes in catalytic ethanol conversion. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
TS‐2021, a third‐generation oncolytic adenovirus that carried Ki67 promoter, TGF‐β2 5′UTR, and IL−15 against experimental glioblastoma
Authors: Wang Jialin , Zhang Junwen , Zhang Qing , Zhang Wenxin , Zhang Qi , Jin Guishan , Liu Fusheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOncolytic virotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment, although the outcomes are partially satisfactory. Hence, more effective strategies are needed urgently to modify therapeutic viruses to enhance their efficiency and safety in killing tumor cells and improve the survival rate of GBM patients. This study generated a new‐generation oncolytic adenovirus Ad5 KT‐E1A‐IL‐15 (TS‐2021) and evaluated its antitumor efficacy. Ex vivo analyses revealed Ki67 and TGF‐β2 co‐localized in GBM cells. In addition, TS‐2021 selectively replicated in GBM cells, which was dependent on the expression of Ki67 and TGF‐β2. The immunocompetent mice model of GBM demonstrated the in vivo efficacy of TS‐2021 by inhibiting tumor growth and improving survival proficiently. Notably, TS‐2021 effectively reduced MMP3 expression by inactivating the MKK4/JNK pathway, thereby reducing tumor invasiveness. Altogether, the findings of the present study highlight that TS‐2021 can effectively target GBM cells expressing high levels of Ki67 and TGF‐β2, exerting potent antitumor effects. Additionally, it can improve efficacy and suppress tumor invasiveness by inhibiting the MKK4/JNK/MMP3 pathway. Thus our study demonstrates the efficiency of the novel TS‐2021 in the mouse model and provides a potential therapeutic option for patients with GBM.
Red Snapper connectivity in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Vaz Ana C. , Karnauskas Mandy , Smith Matthew , Denson LaTreese S. , Paris Claire B. , Le Hénaff Matthieu , Siegfried Kate 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus is a valued, heavily exploited fish species in the Gulf of Mexico. The species is distributed over a wide variety of habitats through its life history, and current evidence suggests moderate to high site fidelity, with particularly small home ranges and high residency times when fish are associated with reef structures. Given these life history traits, it is not surprising that within the gulf, there is evidence that the overall population is composed of multiple subpopulations. Thus, dispersal of early life stages plays an important role in the Red Snapper gulf population structure and dynamics, as embryo and larvae can be transported for longer distances, driving stock mixing and supplying recruits to sustain and replenish local subpopulations. Here, we assess the connectivity patterns of Red Snapper driven by larval dispersal in the Gulf of Mexico by simulating dispersal and recruitment.

Methods
This study employs a modeling approach to examine the probabilistic connectivity patterns of Red Snapper influenced by larval dispersal in the Gulf of Mexico. It investigates the impact of local oceanography, species behavior, and demographics on Red Snapper population structure. We estimate the spatial characteristics of Red Snapper dispersal, quantifying connectivity and larval supply fluxes between management jurisdictions, including state boundaries and the three-area boundaries recently selected during the stock identification portion of the Gulf of Mexico Red Snapper Research Track Assessment. We use the modeled probability of settlement as a proxy for recruitment.

Result
Our results indicate that Red Snapper recruitment occurs mostly close to their spawning sites (median distance 80 km). Simulated dispersal revealed exchange of Red Snapper larvae across state boundaries, with Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana receiving a considerable supply of recruits from other states. Finally, estimation of subpopulations based on larval exchange support the areal divisions used within the research track stock assessment.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that interstate cooperation in heavily connected regions could benefit management of the species by optimizing sustainable exploitation across the Gulf of Mexico.
Does digital industry agglomeration bring substantive green innovation?—Empirical analysis of SPDM and PTR models based on spatiotemporal dual fixation
Authors: Wang Xinjuan , Diao Yanxia , Han Dongri 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDigitally driven green high‐quality development is an essential way to realize Chinese‐style green modernization. This paper uses exploratory spatial data analysis, the spatial panel Durbin model, and the panel threshold model. The results show that the spatial correlation between substantive green innovation and digital industry agglomeration is significantly positive. Digital industry agglomeration has a positive spatial spillover effect on substantive green innovation. Under the adjustment of two mechanisms, digital industry agglomeration, and government innovation preference, the optimistic impact of digital industry agglomeration on substantive green innovation shows a “gradient” growth.
Lactobacillus acidophilus‐Fermented Jujube Juice Ameliorates Chronic Liver Injury in Mice via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Improving the Intestinal Microecology
Authors: Zhang Yu , Fang Haitian , Wang Tong , Zhang Zhigang , Zhu Tianxiang , Xiong Lei , Hu Haiming , Liu Hongtao 
Published: December 2023

ScopeChronic liver diseases are clinically silent and responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Jujube has displayed various biological activities. Here, the therapeutic effect ofLactobacillus acidophilus(L. acidophilus)‐fermented jujube juice (FJJ) and the possible mechanism against chronic liver injury (CLI) in mice are further studied.Methods and resultsAfter the CCl4‐induced CLI mice are separately treated withL. acidophilus(LA), unfermented jujube juice (UFJJ), and FJJ, FJJ but not LA or UFJJ suppresses the liver index. By using H&E staining, immunofluorescence staining, RT‐PCR, and western blotting, it is shown that LA, UFJJ, and FJJ intervention ameliorate hepatocyte necrosis, inhibit the mRNA levels of pro‐inflammatory (NLRP3, Caspase‐1, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α) and fibrosis‐associated factors (TGF‐β1, LXRα, and MMP2). Also, FJJ displays significant protection against mucosal barrier damage in CLI mice. Among the three interventions, FJJ exhibits the best therapeutic effect, followed by UFJJ and LA. Furthermore, FJJ improves dysbiosis in CLI mice.ConclusionsThis study suggests that FJJ exhibits a protective effect against CCl4‐induced CLI mice by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress, regulating liver lipid metabolism, and improving gut microecology. Jujube juice fermentation withL. acidophiluscan be a food‐grade supplement in treating CLI and related liver diseases.
Real‐world onabotulinumtoxinA treatment patterns in patients with overactive bladder
Authors: Chughtai Bilal , Ricker Christine N. , Boldt Ryan J. , Elterman Dean 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeUtilization patterns of third‐line onabotulinumtoxinA for overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms—including discontinuation and use of other therapeutic options during or after treatment—are not well understood. This retrospective analysis of administrative claims was designed to characterize the unmet need for OAB treatment.Materials and MethodsA retrospective claims analysis of Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (2009–2021) was performed among patients with diagnosis of OAB newly starting onabotulinumtoxinA injection (2015–2017). Study measures were evaluated during an 18‐month pretreatment baseline and over a minimum of 36 months of follow‐up. These included number of injections, days between injections, other measures of onabotulinumtoxinA utilization, use of second‐line pharmacologic treatments, use of device and surgical treatment options, and complications.ResultsOf 2505 eligible patients, 535 (21.4%; 66.8 ± 13.3 y, 87.3% females) continued onabotulinumtoxinA throughout the study. The remaining 1970 (78.6%; 71.4 ± 11.6 y, 79.1% females) were considered discontinuers. Of continuers, 57% received ≥5 treatments. Of discontinuers, 84% received ≤2 treatments. Anticholinergics and β3‐adrenoceptor agonist medication use declined in all patients from baseline to follow‐up; however, the absolute reduction in the proportion with any medication fill was similar across continuers versus discontinuers (21% vs. 18%, p < 0.0001). Sacral neuromodulation was initiated by 15/535 (3%) of continuers and 137/1970 (7%) of discontinuers (p < 0.0001). No patients initiated percutaneous tibial neuromodulation.ConclusionsEarly discontinuation of onabotulinumtoxinA therapy for OAB is common and most discontinuers do not receive alternative treatments. Providers have the opportunity to educate OAB patients with un‐ or undertreated symptoms regarding alternative options.
A nomogram to predict the risk of cognitive impairment in patients with depressive disorder
Authors: Jian Ya‐Ling , Jia Shoumei , Shi Shenxun , Shi Zhongying , Zhao Ying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study was to describe the cognitive function status in patients with depressive disorder and to construct a nomogram model to predict the risk factors of cognitive impairment in these patients. From October 2019 to February 2021, a total of 141 patients with depressive disorder completed the survey in two hospitals. The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was used with a cutoff score of 26 to differentiate cognitive impairment. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors. A nomogram was then constructed based on the results of the multivariable logistic regression analysis. The patients had an average MoCA score of 23.99 ± 3.02. The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR: 1.096, 95% CI: 1.042–1.153, p < 0.001), education (OR: 0.065, 95% CI: 0.016–0.263, p < 0.001), depression severity (OR: 1.878, 95% CI: 1.021–3.456, p = 0.043), and sleep quality (OR: 2.454, 95% CI: 1.400–4.301, p = 0.002) were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with depressive disorder. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was 0.868 (95% CI: 0.807–0.929), indicating good discriminability of the model. The calibration curve of the model and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test (p = 0.571) demonstrated a well‐fitted model with high calibration. Age, education, depression severity, and sleep quality were found to be significant predictors of cognitive function. A nomogram model was developed to predict cognitive impairment in patients with depressive disorder, providing a solid foundation for clinical interventions.
Towards a quantification of thermal and thermomechanical stress for modules in building‐integrated photovoltaics configurations
Authors: Quest Hugo , Fairbrother Andrew , Ballif Christophe , Virtuani Alessandro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDue to reduced rear‐side ventilation, building‐integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) are prone to higher operating temperatures, which may impact their long‐term performance and reliability. However, often overlooked in the study of thermomechanical stress in PV modules are the intraday temperature variations, resulting from factors such as cloud movements and subsequent changes in irradiance. This work proposes a statistical analysis of cell and module temperature measurements in single‐cell c‐Si modules on a test bench in Neuchâtel, Switzerland. The goal is to study and compare various BIPV‐relevant module topologies with a range of factors such as the insulation type, tilt angle, and glass thickness. The standard indicators such as the 98th percentile temperature and diurnal temperature variations are examined, as well as proposed new thermomechanical stress indicators based on temperature gradients and cell versus module temperature differences. Unexpectedly, results indicate that, considering the intraday temperature variations, close‐roof module configurations (with small ventilation gaps) are potentially at a higher risk of suffering long‐term thermomechanical fatigue than fully insulated modules, which are exposed to higher operating temperatures.