bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On prefrontal working memory and hippocampal episodic memory: Unifying memories stored in weights and activity slots
Authors: Whittington James C.R. , Dorrell William , Behrens Timothy E.J. , Ganguli Surya , El-Gaby Mohamady 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTRemembering events in the past is crucial to intelligent behaviour. Flexible memory retrieval, beyond simple recall, requires a cognitive map, or model of how sensations, actions, and latent environmental or task states are all related to one another. Two key brain systems are implicated in this process: the hippocampal episodic memory (EM) system and the prefrontal working memory (WM) system. While an understanding of the hippocampal system, from computation to algorithm and representation, is emerging, less is understood about how the prefrontal WM system can give rise to flexible computations beyond simple memory retrieval, and even less is understood about how the two systems relate to each other. Here we develop a mathematical theory relating the algorithms and representations of EM and WM by unveiling a duality between storing memories in synapses versus neural activity. In doing so, we develop a formal theory of the algorithms and representations of prefrontal WM in terms of structured, and controllable, neural subspaces (termed activity slots) that together can represent a dynamic cognitive map without any need for synaptic plasticity. By building models using this formalism, we elucidate the differences, similarities, and trade-offs between the hippocampal and prefrontal algorithms. Lastly, we show that several prefrontal representations in tasks ranging from list learning to cue dependent recall are unified as controllable activity slots. Our results unify frontal and temporal representations of memory, and offer a new basis for understanding dynamic prefrontal representations of WM.
Challenges in the Biotechnological Implementation of Oral RNA Interference as an Antiviral Strategy inAedes aegypti
Authors: Romoli Ottavia , Henrion-Lacritick Annabelle , Blanc Hervé , Frangeul Lionel , Saleh Maria-Carla 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMosquitoes, particularlyAedes aegypti, are critical vectors for globally significant pathogenic viruses. This study examines the limitations of oral RNA interference (RNAi) as a strategy to disrupt viral transmission byAe. aegypti. We hypothesized that double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting the Zika virus (ZIKV) or chikungunya virus (CHIKV) genomes produced by engineered bacterial symbionts could trigger an antiviral response. Mosquitoes mono-colonized withEscherichia coliproducing dsZIK or dsCHIK did not display reduced viral titers following exposure to virus-contaminated bloodmeals and failed to generate dsZIK- or dsCHIK-derived small interfering RNAs. To address potential limitations of bacterial dsRNA release, we explored dsRNA inoculation via feeding and injection. While viral replication was impeded in mosquitoes injected with dsZIK or dsCHIK, no antiviral effect was observed in dsRNA-fed mosquitoes. These findings highlight complexities of implementing oral RNAi as an antiviral strategy inAe. aegyptiand warrant further exploration of local and systemic RNAi mechanisms.
The role of dynamic capabilities on the effectiveness of organizational changes in public sector
Authors: Castelo Samuel Leite , Gomes Carlos F. 
Published: November 2023

PurposeGovernments worldwide have used administrative reforms to align public organizations with the needs of their key stakeholders. However, despite successfully implementing them, they do not consistently achieve the desired organizational performance. This paper aims to explore the relationship between the implementation of administrative reforms and the performance of public organizations from a comprehensive perspective. For this purpose, the authors analyze the mediation role of three crucial dynamic capabilities.Design/methodology/approachThis research used a survey-based methodology. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data obtained from a sample of public officials and managers working in public organizations in the State of Ceará (Brazil).FindingsThe results of this study suggest that dynamic capabilities can have a decisive role in implementing government policy proposals and helping public organizations align their outcomes with stakeholders' needs. In addition, they indicate the existence of two levels of capabilities and identify a road map for their implementation.Practical implicationsFrom a practical point of view, by identifying these capabilities and their interrelationship, this study provides a roadmap to reduce the complexity of their use and help managers of public organizations deliver desired outcomes relating to the quality of individual and collective stakeholders.Originality/valueThis study makes important contributions to the literature, enabling scholars and practitioners to see the result of government policy proposals beyond the efficient use of public resources. It shows the role of dynamic capabilities as mediation instruments for changing public organizations, which can be used in administrative reform implementations and continuous improvement processes. Finally, it provides empirical research on the interaction between the three dynamic capabilities in the context of public organizations, differentiating these capabilities into two levels, which provides a road map for their implementation and development by public managers.
How critical success factors combine to influence success? A configurational theory approach on multiple social projects
Authors: Crisan Emil Lucian , Dan Madalina , Beleiu Ioana Natalia , Ciocoiu Eugenia , Beudean Paula 
Published: November 2023

PurposeIn literature, it is recognized that there is no universal set of critical success factors (CSFs) applicable to all projects. The goal of this research is to validate a theoretical model which considers that CSFs’ influence on project success (PS) is configurational, that CSFs combine to influence PS.Design/methodology/approachThe authors proposed a theoretical framework which operationalizes CSFs considering contingency and institutional theories' terms, as external contingencies, organizational resources and project strategies, which influence PS. The framework is validated through a qualitative approach on 18 social projects implemented by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Based on the conducted semistructured interviews with NGO managers or project managers, 91 instances when CSFs combine to influence PS were identified.FindingsThe dominant path reveals the combination of CSFs in terms of strategies adopted to face contingencies (70 instances), another as resources which moderate managers' strategies (14 instances), and in seven instances positive contingencies and resources combine and influence the PS. The results reveal that CSFs combine in reactive and dynamic ways to influence PS.Originality/valueThe research contributes to the vast literature on projects' success by adopting a different perspective. Configurational theory explains project management and projects' complexity better than the traditional approaches, which have a rather correlational perspective.
Fine‐tuning rice heading date through multiplex editing of the regulatory regions of key genes by CRISPR‐Cas9
Authors: Zhou Shirong , Cai Liang , Wu Haoqin , Wang Baoxiang , Gu Biao , Cui Song , Huang Xiaolong , Xu Zhuang , Hao Benyuan , Hou Haigang , Hu Yuan , Li Chao , Tian Yunlu , Liu Xi , Chen Liangming , Liu Shijia , Jiang Ling , Wan Jianmin 
Published: November 2023

SummaryHeading date (or flowering time) is a key agronomic trait that affects seasonal and regional adaption of rice cultivars. An unoptimized heading date can either not achieve a high yield or has a high risk of encountering abiotic stresses. There is a strong demand on the mild to moderate adjusting the heading date in breeding practice. Genome editing is a promising method which allows more precise and faster changing the heading date of rice. However, direct knock out of major genes involved in regulating heading date will not always achieve a new germplasm with expected heading date. It is still challenging to quantitatively adjust the heading date of elite cultivars with best adaption for broader region. In this study, we used a CRISPR‐Cas9 based genome editing strategy called high‐efficiency multiplex promoter‐targeting (HMP) to generate novel alleles at cis‐regulatory regions of three major heading date genes: Hd1, Ghd7 and DTH8. We achieved a series of germplasm with quantitative variations of heading date by editing promoter regions and adjusting the expression levels of these genes. We performed field trials to screen for the best adapted lines for different regions. We successfully expanded an elite cultivar Ningjing8 (NJ8) to a higher latitude region by selecting a line with a mild early heading phenotype that escaped from cold stress and achieved high yield potential. Our study demonstrates that HMP is a powerful tool for quantitatively regulating rice heading date and expanding elite cultivars to broader regions.
Complete genome sequence of
Streptomyces
strain VNUA116, a potential biocontrol against phytopathogenic fusarium wilt fungus
Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp.
cubense
Authors: Nguyen Mai Thi Thanh , Dinh Son Truong , Nguyen Canh Xuan 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the whole-genome sequence of
Streptomyces
strain VNUA116 was obtained by combining sequencing data from both PacBio RS II and DNBseq platforms. The complete circular genome is 8,306,919 bp with a GC content of 72.49%.
Investigation of Uncertainty in Organic Carbon Stock Estimates on a Field Scale
Authors: Samsonova V. P. , Meshalkina J. L. , Dobrovolskaya V. A. , Kondrashkina M. I. , Dyadkina S. E. , Filippova O. I. , Krotov D. G. , Morozova T. M. , Krasilnikov P. V. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The uncertainty sources in the assessment of organic carbon stocks were studied in a layer of 0–30 cm within the sampling site (100 × 100 m) set on soddy-podzolic cultivated soil (Albic Glossic Retisol (Aric, Loamic, Ochric)). In the experiment, two sampling methods were used – the classic sampling in pits, by 10-cm layers, and sampling with an auger to a depth of 0–30 cm. The soil bulk density was determined by the Kachinsky method and the carbon content was analyzed by the Tyurin method. Some samples were additionally analyzed at the Bryansk State Agrarian University. The uncertainties associated with natural variation, sample preparation and the analytical process proper were estimated. The analytical uncertainty of bulk density measurement did not depend on the sampling depth under the experimental conditions and amounted to about 6%. The analytical error of Tyurin’s method did not differ in two laboratories. Its contribution reached 5–9% of the total variation in soil organic carbon content at the test plot. The uncertainty of sample preparation ranged from 11 to 26%, natural variation—from 49 to 68% to the total variance, respectively. Determination of carbon content in the samples taken with an auger from the depth of 0–30 cm is preferable than layer-by-layer sampling as the number of intermediate operations is fewer, and the obtained results are comparable.
Weight regain does not eliminate the long term benefits of weight management programmes
Authors: Saul Helen , Deeney Brendan , Kwint Jemma , Aveyard Paul 
Published: November 2023

The study

Hartmann-Boyce J, Theodoulou A, Oke JL, et al. Long term effect of weight regain following behavioral weight management programs on cardiometabolic disease incidence and risk: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes
2023;16:263-76.

To read the full NIHR Alert, go to:
https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/weight-regain-does-not-eliminate-the-long-term-benefits-of-weight-management-programmes/#:~:text=Study%20author&text=Many%20people%20believe%20that%20if,been%20the%20case%20without%20it
.
Towards an ‘Eco-Theo-Logy’
Authors: Kureethadam Joshtrom Isaac 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper seeks to draw the contours of an “Eco-Theo-Logy” in the context of the unprecedented crisis of our Common Home and with special reference to Laudato Si’, Pope Francis’ landmark encyclical on creation care. An “eco” theology would begin with the sense of awe and gratitude for Earth, our unique common planetary home blessed with the gift of life, and listen attentively to the growing “cry of the Earth and of the poor” (Laudato Si’, 49). Secondly, it seeks to articulate anew the theological understanding of an ‘in-carnate’ God, a God who enters human and cosmic vicissitudes and manifests in the pangs of creation. It also strives to a religious vision of the natural world as the “Gospel of creation”. Thirdly, it’s time to re-imagine the logos component of an eco-theo-logy, embracing an integral and relational approach, raising a prophetic theological voice in the face of profound inequalities and injustices that exist in our one common household, and adopting a decisively practice/action orientation.
The Role of ʿAjamī in Hausa Literary Production
Authors: Yanco Jennifer J , Kurfi Mustapha Hashim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Islamic education and literacy were present in Hausaland long before the jihad of Usman ɗan Fodio, which culminated in the establishment of the Sokoto Caliphate in 1804. While ʿAjamī made its way into Hausaland with the spread of Islam, its use today is not limited to sacred or religious texts. In fact, it serves as a medium for the diffusion of information through newspapers, personal correspondence, political and advertising signage, poetry, and even currency notes. At the same time, the Islamic values that inform Hausa culture are an integral aspect of these materials. Over time, Hausa scholars adapted the Warsh-based Arabic script to the particularities of the Hausa language, resulting in Hausa ʿAjamī’s enriched inventory of characters and diacritics. The ʿAjamī tradition remains strong and widespread, as shown in our collection of 20 manuscripts, most from the 20th century, that highlight a range of personal qualities valued by the Hausa people.
ʿAjamī Script in Senegambian Mandinka Communities
Authors: Cisse Ousmane 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The article discusses the rich oral and written traditions of the Mandinka communities in West Africa. Their oral traditions, which are embodied by the jali (griot) caste, have served for centuries to transmit multiple forms of knowledge between generations. Besides their oral traditions, multiple forms of literacy coexist with illiteracy in the Mandinka communities in Senegambia. The first form of literacy in Mandinka communities is ʿAjamī. Currently, ʿAjamī remains the primary means of written communication for many Mandinka speakers in Senegambia. They keep their records of various events and transmit various forms of knowledge in this medium. Using selected Mandinka ʿAjamī texts, this paper focuses on the innovations that Mandinka scholars have made to the classical Arabic script in order to develop their own ʿAjamī writing system. I discuss the people who use the system, the types of texts that are produced, and the broader social and cultural significance of ʿAjamī in Senegambian Mandinka communities.
Plasma indole-3-aldehyde as a novel biomarker of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a reanalysis using prospective metabolomic data
Authors: Hu Linhui , Bai Yunpeng , Lai Changchun , Mo Leitong , Li Ying , Jiang Xinyi , Xu Wang , He Yuemei , Zhou Xinjuan , Chen Chunbo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of cardiac surgery that poses significant risks for both the development of chronic kidney diseases and mortality. Our previous study illustrated that heightened expression levels of faecal and plasma indole metabolites before the operation were associated with ischemic AKI. In this study, we aimed to validate the supposition that plasma indole-3-aldehyde (I3A) could serve as a predictive biomarker for AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods
This statistical reanalysis utilized AKI metabolomic data from patients scheduled for cardiac surgery between April 2022 and July 2022 in two tertiary hospitals. Faecal and blood samples were prospectively collected before surgery within 24 h, and variables related to the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods were recorded. AKI diagnosis was based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria.

Results
In this study, 55 patients who underwent cardiac surgery were analyzed, and 27 of them (49.1%) developed postoperative AKI. Before surgery, these patients had significantly higher levels of faecal indole metabolites, including skatole, trans-3-indoleacrylic acid, and 5-methoxyindoleacetic acid. The plasma I3A, clinical model that considered perioperative and intraoperative variables, and their combination had area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) values of 0.79 (95% CI 0.67–0.91), 0.78 (95% CI 0.66–0.90), and 0.84 (95% CI 0.74–0.94) for predicting AKI, respectively. Furthermore, by utilizing net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement, plasma I3A showed significant improvements in risk reclassification compared to the clinical model alone.

Conclusions
The dysregulation of gut microbiota metabolism in patients scheduled for cardiac surgery can result in an increase in indoles from tryptophan metabolism, which may be associated with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). This suggests that indoles may serve as a predictive biomarker for AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Effectiveness of an educational intervention to promote psychosocial well-being of school-going adolescents in Sri Lanka
Authors: Vithana Chiranthika , Lokubalasooriya Ayesha , Pragasan Ganeshamoorthy , Mahagamage Kanchana Lanka , Nanayakkara Kumudumalee , Herath Himali Prasangika , Karunarathna Priyani , Perera Nadeeka , de Silva Chithramalee , Jayawardene Dushyanthi , Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
One-fifth of the Sri Lankan population consists of adolescents, with 71% of them schooling. An extreme need exists in the country for the introduction of evidence-based interventions for the psychosocial well-being of adolescents. The present study assessed the effectiveness of an educational intervention to promote the psychosocial well-being of school-going adolescents in grade nine in Western Province, Sri Lanka.

Materials and methods
A quasi-experimental study was conducted among grade nine students in Western Province in 2019. Panadura Medical Officer of Health (MOH) area was selected as the interventional area (IA), and Kelaniya MOH area was identified as the control area (CA). Teachers at schools in the IA received training on psychosocial health promotion of adolescents. They delivered the activity-based educational intervention package to the grade nine students as 20-min classroom sessions for three months. Pre- and post-intervention assessments of attitudes and practices related to the psychosocial well-being of adolescents were conducted using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Categorical data were compared using Chi-Square or Fisher’s exact test. Mann–Whitney U test was applied to determine the difference between the medians of the pre-and post-intervention scores on attitude and practices for psychosocial well-being.

Results
A total of 1040 grade nine students were enrolled. There was a statistically significant increase in median score on attitudes [81.8 (IQR:75.5–85.5) to 82.3(IQR:78.6–87.2] and practices [81.7(IQR: 76.1–85.7) to 83.1(IQR: 79.1–86.9)] in the IA while there was no significant difference in the CA. The proportion of bullied adolescents in the past 30 days reduced significantly from 14.8% (n = 38) to 7.9% (n = 20) in IA(p = .03), whereas there was a slight reduction from 17.1% (n = 44) to 11.3% (n = 26) in CA (p = .17).

Conclusions
The present psychosocial intervention is effective in improving the psychosocial well-being of school adolescents, though long-term effectiveness was not assessed. It is recommended to utilise study findings in deciding to introduce the present intervention to basic and in-service teacher training packages and school curricula with necessary modifications.
Anterior fusion surgery with overcorrection in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with Lenke 1 AR curve type: how to achieve overcorrection and its effect on postoperative spinal alignment
Authors: Tanaka Nobuki , Inami Satoshi , Moridaira Hiroshi , Sorimachi Tsuyoshi , Ueda Haruki , Aoki Hiromichi , Takada Satoshi , Nohara Yutaka , Haro Hirotaka , Taneichi Hiroshi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of anterior fusion with overcorrection in the instrumented vertebra for Lenke 1 AR type curves has been reported, but how to achieve overcorrection and how overcorrection affects spinal alignment are unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that cause overcorrection, and to investigate how overcorrection affects postoperative spinal alignment in the surgical treatment of Lenke 1 AR type curves.

Methods
Patients who had anterior surgery for a Lenke type 1 or 2 and lumbar modifier AR (L4 vertebral tilt to the right) type scoliosis and minimum 2-year follow-up were included. The radiographic data were measured at preoperative, postoperative 1 month, and final follow-up. The UIV-LIV Cobb angle was determined as the Cobb angle between the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) and the lower instrumented vertebra (LIV), and a negative number for this angle was considered overcorrection. The screw angle was determined to be the sum of the angle formed by the screw axis and the lower and upper endplates in the LIV and UIV, respectively. The change (Δ) in the parameters from postoperative to final follow-up was calculated. The relationships between the UIV-LIV Cobb angle and other radiographic parameters were evaluated by linear regression analyses.

Results
Fourteen patients met the inclusion criteria. Their median age was 15.5 years, and the median follow-up period was 53.6 months. The median UIV-LIV Cobb angle was –1.4° at postoperative 1 month. The median screw angle was 4.7°, and overcorrection was achieved in 11 (79%) cases at postoperative 1 month. The screw angle (r2 = 0.42, p = 0.012) and Δ FDUV-CSVL (the deviation of the first distal uninstrumented vertebra from the central sacral vertical line, r2 = 0.53, p = 0.003) were significantly correlated with the UIV-LIV Cobb angle.

Conclusions
Screw placement in the UIV and LIV not parallel to the endplate, but angled, was an effective method to facilitate overcorrection in the instrumented vertebrae. The results of the present study suggest that overcorrection could bring spontaneous improvement of coronal balance below the instrumented segment during the postoperative period.