bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time variation of fine-structure constant constrained by [O iii] emission-lines at 1.1 &lt; z &lt; 3.7
Authors: Li Ge , Sun Luming , Chen Xiangjun , Zhou Hongyan 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
[O iii] λλ4960,5008 doublet are often the strongest narrow emission lines in starburst galaxies and quasi-stellar objects (QSOs), and thus are a promising probe to possible variation of the fine-structure constant α over cosmic time. Previous such studies using QSOs optical spectra were limited to z &lt; 1. In this work, we constructed a sample of 40 spectra of Ly α emitting galaxies (LAEs) and a sample of 46 spectra of QSOs at 1.09 &lt; z &lt; 3.73 using the VLT/X-Shooter near-infrared spectra publicly available. We measured the wavelength ratios of the two components of the spin-orbit doublet and accordingly calculated α(z) using two methods. Analysis on all of the 86 spectra yielded Δα/α = (− 3 ± 6) × 10−5 with respect to the laboratory α measurements, consistent with no variation over the explored time interval. If assuming a uniform variation rate, we obtained α−1dα/dt = (− 3 ± 6) × 10−15 yr−1 within the last 12 Gyr. Extensive tests indicate that α variation could be better constrained using starburst galaxies’ spectra than using QSO spectra in future studies.
Formation of hydroxide anions in amorphous astrophysical ices and recombination with protons: a quantum chemical study
Authors: Woon David E 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Quantum chemical cluster calculations employing density functional theory and correlation consistent basis sets reveal the following pathways by which hydroxide anions (OH–) may form in amorphous astrophysical ices: (1) hydroxyl radicals (OH), which may arise in ice via ultraviolet photolysis, can capture electrons; (2) adsorbed hydrogen atoms can capture electrons to form H–, which reacts with water to yield H2 and OH–; (3) NaOH deposited on ice dissociates into Na+ and OH–; (4) NaH deposited on ice dissociates into Na+ and H–; H– then reacts with water to yield H2 and OH– as above. The IR spectrum of ice-bound OH– is presented, based on nine clusters containing up to 31H2O and 1–2 OH– anions. The interaction of OH– in ice with cations is also explored. Prior work shows that when HCO+ is deposited on pure amorphous water clusters, it reacts with H2O to form formic acid (HCOOH) and the hydronium (H3O+). When HCO+ is deposited on a cluster containing OH–, the reaction proceeds in almost the same manner, but the H3O+ and OH– charge centres migrate through the water network toward each other and tend to neutralize one another by forming H2O. This occurred in all but one of seven cases considered; migration occurred even when the oxygen atom attacked by HCO+ is over 10 Å from the oxygen atom in OH–. Cations and anions can interact in ice via pathways not present in the gas phase or incorporated in current models.
Presence, Subtypes, and Prognostic Significance of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: Ma Guofeng , Jia Huiqing , Zhang Guofang , Liang Ye , Dong Xianning , Fu Guangming , Wang Xinsheng , Niu Haitao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the presence and subtypes of tertiary lymphatic structures (TLSs) in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) and to analyze their associated clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance.

Methods
The study enrolled 580 patients with surgically treated UCB, including 313 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and 267 muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The presence and subtypes of TLSs were identified by immunohistochemistry (CD20, CD3, Bcl-6, and CD21). TLSs were classified into non-GC (nGC) TLS and GC TLS subtypes based on germinal center (GC) formation. Disease-free survival (DFS) was used as an endpoint outcome to evaluate the prognostic significance of TLS and its subtypes in UCB.

Results
TLSs were more common in MIBC than in NMIBC (67.8% vs 48.2%, P &lt; .001), and the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) mean density was significantly higher in MIBC than in NMIBC (24.0% vs 17.5%, P &lt; .001). Moreover, a positive correlation was found between TLS presence and GC structure formation and TIL infiltration in UCB. Endpoint events occurred in 191 patients. Compared to patients with endpoint events, patients without disease progression exhibited higher TIL density and more TLSs (P &lt; .05). Kaplan–Meier curves showed that TLS was associated with better DFS in NMIBC (P = .041) and MIBC (P = .049). However, the Cox multivariate analysis did not demonstrate the prognostic significance of TLS.

Conclusions
TLS is heterogeneous in UCB, and that TLS and GC structures are related to TIL density and prognostic events. However, TLS as a prognostic indicator remains unclear, warranting further investigation.
Incidence Trends, Clinicopathologic Characteristics, and Overall Survival Prediction in Retinoblastoma Children: SEER Prognostic Nomogram Analysis
Authors: Guo Xiaohong , Wang Li , Beeraka Narasimha M , Liu Chunying , Zhao Xiang , Zhou Runze , Yu Huiming , Fan Ruitai , Liu Junqi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignant tumor occurring among children, with an incidence rate of 1/15 000. This study built a joinpoint regression model to assess the incidence trend of retinoblastoma from 2004 to 2015 and constructed a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) in children.

Materials and Methods
Patients less than 19 years diagnosed with retinoblastoma from 2004 to 2015 were selected from the SEER database. Joinpoint regression analysis (version 4.9.0.0) was performed to evaluate the trends in retinoblastoma incidence rates from 2004 to 2015. Cox Regression Analysis was applied to investigate prognostic risk factors that influence OS.

Results
Joinpoint regression revealed that retinoblastoma incidence exhibited no significant increase or decrease from 2004 to 2015. As per the multiple Cox regression, tumor size, laterality, and residence (rural-urban continuum code) were correlated with OS and were used to construct a nomogram. The nomogram exhibited a good C-index of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.63 to 0.79), and the calibration curve for survival probability demonstrated that the predictions corresponded well with actual observations.

Conclusions and Relevance
A prognostic nomogram integrating the risk factors for retinoblastoma was constructed to provide comparatively accurate individual survival predictions. If validated, this type of assessment could be used to guide therapy in patients with retinoblastoma.
Coda: Recalibrating
Authors: Reynolds Paige 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCentered on Irish women’s fiction, The Stubborn Mode mischievously concludes by offering a short representative reading of a text by a writer of the opposite sex to suggest the analytical possibilities made available by its larger arguments. Voiced by a male protagonist, Mike McCormack’s Solar Bones (2016) is a first-person stream-of-consciousness narrative powerfully influenced by modernism, one that addresses many of the same quotidian concerns explored by the novels written by women studied here. Such congruencies in content, as well as in form, speak to the abiding influence of modernist representations of female interiority and suggest that McCormack is in dialogue not only with the experiments of Joyce and other male modernists, but also with a tradition of Irish women’s writing and performance.
Writing for All and Writing for None
Authors: Strong Tracy B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The range of interpretations of Nietzsche is very extensive. This is in part due to a refusal to take seriously the consciously rhetorical quality of his writing. This chapter puts forth the argument that nothing in what he published should be seen as prima facie “excessive.” Indeed, he is explicit about this. The chapter explores this claim in a detailed analysis of several passages and translations. Far from exhorting his readers as to what they should do or be, Nietzsche intended his writing to produce self-criticality in his readers—and that raises the question of how it might do so and if it does so.
Different Faces of Exile
Authors: Lee Christopher J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the experience of exile as a lens for understanding the international dimensions of South African history and historiography after 1948. Histories of exile, which involve a range of individuals, families, political parties, and other liberation organizations, demonstrate how the effects of apartheid were not exclusively internal to the country but were frequently transnational in orientation, even at the personal level. Individual agency was not limited to the options of political dissent or consent within South Africa but was frequently expressed through emigrating and participating in political communities abroad. This chapter consequently discusses the varied dimensions and layered characteristics of exile. Overall, it positions the argument that the experience of exile challenges the national territorial boundaries of South African history, thus underscoring the intrinsic transnationalism embedded in the country’s past, present, and future.
The Role of CLE Peptides in the Suppression of Mycorrhizal Colonization of Tomato
Authors: Wulf Kate , Sun Jiacan , Wang Chenglei , Ho-Plagaro Tania , Kwon Choon-Tak , Velandia Karen , Correa-Lozano Alejandro , Tamayo-Navarrete María Isabel , Reid James B , García Garrido Jose Manuel , Foo Eloise 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Symbioses with beneficial microbes are widespread in plants, but these relationships must balance the energy invested by the plants with the nutrients acquired. Symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi occurs throughout land plants, but our understanding of the genes and signals that regulate colonization levels is limited, especially in non-legumes. Here, we demonstrate that in tomato, two CLV3/EMBRYO-SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) peptides, SlCLE10 and SlCLE11, act to suppress AM colonization of roots. Mutant studies and overexpression via hairy transformation indicate that SlCLE11 acts locally in the root to limit AM colonization. Indeed, SlCLE11 expression is strongly induced in AM-colonized roots, but SlCLE11 is not required for phosphate suppression of AM colonization. SlCLE11 requires the FIN gene that encodes an enzyme required for CLE peptide arabinosylation to suppress mycorrhizal colonization. However, SlCLE11 suppression of AM does not require two CLE receptors with roles in regulating AM colonization, SlFAB (CLAVATA1 ortholog) or SlCLV2. Indeed, multiple parallel pathways appear to suppress mycorrhizal colonization in tomato, as double mutant studies indicate that SlCLV2 and FIN have an additive influence on mycorrhizal colonization. SlCLE10 appears to play a more minor or redundant role, as cle10 mutants did not influence intraradical AM colonization. However, the fact that cle10 mutants had an elevated number of hyphopodia and that ectopic overexpression of SlCLE10 did suppress mycorrhizal colonization suggests that SlCLE10 may also play a role in suppressing AM colonization. Our findings show that CLE peptides regulate AM colonization in tomato and at least SlCLE11 likely requires arabinosylation for activity.
The Carbon Flow Shifts from Primary to Secondary Metabolism during Xylem Vessel Cell Differentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Uy Abigail Loren Tung , Yamamoto Atsushi , Matsuda Mami , Arae Toshihiro , Hasunuma Tomohisa , Demura Taku , Ohtani Misato 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Xylem vessel cell differentiation is characterized by the deposition of a secondary cell wall (SCW) containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. VASCULAR-RELATED NAC-DOMAIN7 (VND7), a plant-specific NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) transcription factor, is a master regulator of xylem vessel cell differentiation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Previous metabolome analysis using the VND7-inducible system in tobacco BY-2 cells successfully revealed significant quantitative changes in primary metabolites during xylem vessel cell differentiation. However, the flow of primary metabolites is not yet well understood. Here, we performed a metabolomic analysis of VND7-inducible Arabidopsis T87 suspension cells. Capillary electrophoresis–time-of-flight mass spectrometry quantified 57 metabolites, and subsequent data analysis highlighted active changes in the levels of UDP-glucose and phenylalanine, which are building blocks of cellulose and lignin, respectively. In a metabolic flow analysis using stable carbon 13 (13C) isotope, the 13C-labeling ratio specifically increased in 3-phosphoglycerate after 12 h of VND7 induction, followed by an increase in shikimate after 24 h of induction, while the inflow of 13C into lactate from pyruvate was significantly inhibited, indicating an active shift of carbon flow from glycolysis to the shikimate pathway during xylem vessel cell differentiation. In support of this notion, most glycolytic genes involved in the downstream of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate were downregulated following the induction of xylem vessel cell differentiation, whereas genes for the shikimate pathway and phenylalanine biosynthesis were upregulated. These findings provide evidence for the active shift of carbon flow from primary metabolic pathways to the SCW polymer biosynthetic pathway at specific points during xylem vessel cell differentiation.
Extended-release Buprenorphine Administered at Discharge in Hospitalized Persons With Opioid Use Disorder: A Case Series
Authors: Hansen Elizabeth Rose , South Anna Maria , Lofwall Michelle R. , Fanucchi Laura C. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Monthly subcutaneous injectable buprenorphine (XR-Bup) is an option for treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) that addresses some sublingual buprenorphine adherence barriers and is infrequently offered to hospitalized patients with OUD.

Methods
A retrospective case series was performed for patients receiving XR-Bup upon discharge from 1 academic medical center. Demographic information, diagnoses, follow-up, and documented factors informing the selection of XR-Bup were extracted from the electronic health record.

Results
In 1 year, 37 hospitalized patients with OUD received XR-Bup at discharge. The average age was 37.6 years, and patients were primarily Medicaid insured with an injection-related infection. The most common documented factors informing the selection of XR-Bup were as follows: previous sublingual buprenorphine adherence barriers, concurrent stimulant use disorder, and patient preference. Sixty-four percent of patients scheduled for follow-up attended appointments, and 55% received a second dose of XR-Bup.

Conclusions
Subcutaneous injectable buprenorphine is an option for OUD treatment among hospitalized patients providing 30 or more days of buprenorphine coverage in the postdischarge period.
Short-term effects and safety of a natural oral supplement containing glucosinolates, phytosterols, and citrus flavonoids compared with hormone treatment for the management of postmenopausal symptomatic women: a pilot single-center randomized phase 2 clinical trial
Authors: Villar-López Martha , Soto-Becerra Percy , Chedraui Peter , Osorio-Manyari Joel D. , Al-kassab-Córdova Ali , Osorio-Manyari Angel A. , Fernandez-Sosaya José L. , Moya-Silvestre Edith , Rojas Percy A. , Lugo-Martínez Gabriela , Mezones-Holguín Edward 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of an oral herbal supplement containing glucosinolates, phytosterols, and citrus flavonoids for menopausal symptoms in comparison with estrogen plus progestogen therapy (EPT) among postmenopausal women.

Methods
This was a pilot single-blinded, three-armed phase II randomized clinical trial, controlled with EPT. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to receive treatment for 3 months: (1) an oral herbal supplement of 1,500 mg/d (G1, n = 20), (2) an oral herbal supplement of 3,000 mg/d (G2, n = 20), or (3) conjugated equine estrogens 0.625 mg/d plus medroxyprogesterone acetate of 5 mg/d (EPT group, n = 20). The primary endpoint was the intensity of menopausal symptoms as measured using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (global and domain scores). The Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire uses a 7-point scale to rate the symptom intensity, with higher scores indicating severity. The secondary endpoints were hormonal, lipid, and safety profiles.

Results
Fifty-four participants (n = 54) completed the study. The mean, model-estimated, and global menopausal symptom scores at 3 months were 85.8 in the EPT group, 61.3 in G1, and 62.5 in G2. Participants treated with the herbal compound had lower global (13.7 [6.9-20.4], P < 0.001) and physical symptom scores (6.6 [1.6-11.5], P = 0.002) on the second month and lower psychosocial symptom scores (3.8 [1.3 to 6.3], P < 0.001) on the third month of follow-up, compared with EPT. Conversely, participants receiving EPT showed better outcomes on vasomotor symptoms since the first month of treatment (−6.1 [−8.3 to −4.0], P < 0.001). The EPT group exhibited higher values of estradiol and lower follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone since the first month of follow-up. Also, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher in this group than in G2.

Conclusions
In this small single-blind exploratory trial, the oral herbal supplement was more efficacious in reducing global, physical, and psychosocial menopausal symptoms in the short term than EPT. However, further studies are needed to adequately assess the efficacy and safety of this herbal supplement in the treatment of menopausal symptoms.
FMO2 ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by suppressing ER-to-Golgi transport of SREBP1
Authors: Ke Changle , Xiao Changchen , Li Jiamin , Wu Xianpeng , Zhang Yu , Chen Yongjian , Sheng Shuyuan , Fu Zaiyang , Wang Lingjun , Ni Cheng , Zhao Jing , Shi Yanna , Wu Yan , Zhong Zhiwei , Nan Jinliang , Zhu Wei , Chen Jinghai , Wu Rongrong , Hu Xinyang 
Published: October 2023

Background and Aims:
NAFLD comprises a spectrum of liver disorders with the initial abnormal accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes called NAFL, progressing to the more serious NASH in a subset of individuals. Our previous study revealed that global flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 (FMO2) knockout causes higher liver weight in rats. However, the role of FMO2 in NAFLD remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to determine the function and mechanism of FMO2 in liver steatosis and steatohepatitis.

Approach and Results:
The expression of FMO2 was significantly downregulated in patients with NAFL/NASH and mouse models. Both global and hepatocyte-specific knockout of FMO2 resulted in increased lipogenesis and severe hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, whereas FMO2 overexpression in mice improved NAFL/NASH. RNA sequencing showed that hepatic FMO2 deficiency is associated with impaired lipogenesis in response to metabolic challenges. Mechanistically, FMO2 directly interacts with SREBP1 at amino acids 217–296 competitively with SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) and inhibits SREBP1 translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus and its subsequent activation, thus suppressing de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and improving NAFL/NASH.

Conclusions:
In hepatocytes, FMO2 is a novel molecule that protects against the progression of NAFL/NASH independent of enzyme activity. FMO2 impairs lipogenesis in high-fat diet-induced or choline-deficient, methionine-deficient, amino acid-defined high-fat diet-induced steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis by directly binding to SREBP1 and preventing its organelle translocation and subsequent activation. FMO2 thus is a promising molecule for targeting the activation of SREBP1 and for the treatment of NAFL/NASH.
Symptomatic flatfoot in cerebral palsy
Authors: Lenhart Rachel L. , Goodbody Christine M. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current literature and best practices in the evaluation and treatment of symptomatic flatfoot in cerebral palsy.

Recent findings
While techniques to reconstruct the neuromuscular flatfoot and reestablish bony levers have remained similar over time, the concept of surgical dosing has helped guide appropriate interventions based on the magnitude of disease and functional level of the child. Moreover, the utilization of multisegment foot modeling in motion analysis has allowed quantitative description of such deformities and their impact on gait.

Summary
Future research should focus on refining operative indications and interventions with larger, multicenter, prospective cohorts to provide more robust evidence in surgical decision making. Long-term data are needed to confirm and compare efficacy of procedures. Radiographic data alone are not sufficient for describing functional foot position. Gait analysis with foot modeling and pedobarography along with patient-centered subjective outcomes will be needed in such investigations to make conclusive recommendations.
The Impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy on the Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea after pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Fan Jun , Sun Shao-Xi , Cao Li-li , Luo Shao-ling , Wang Shao-hua , Li Wei-jie , Pan Yi-chao , Wu Tian-yuan , Liu Jian , Yu Bing-Bo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the recognized risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) remains inconsistent across studies, necessitating further examination.MethodsUtilizing databases encompassing Web of Science, Pubmed and OVID, we implemented a meta-analysis dedicated to investigating the role of OSA in post-PVI AF recurrence and the preventative properties of CPAP.ResultsOur meta-analysis of OSA patients undergoing PVI suggests an AF recurrence risk with a RR (risk ratio) of 1.67 (95% CI: 1.52-1.83). For patients with no atrial size difference, the risk is RR=2.13 (95% CI: 1.63-2.79), and with size difference, it’s RR=1.78 (95% CI: 1.46-2.17). Diagnoses from the Berlin questionnaire and polysomnography yielded RRs of 1.71 (95% CI: 1.37-2.14) and 1.75 (95% CI: 1.40-2.18), respectively. Non-CPAP usage increases AF recurrence risk by 67% and especially in cases of significant atrial size difference (RR=1.63, 95%CI:1.32-2.03). Conversely, when atrial size difference is absent, the impact of CPAP appears to be insignificant (RR=1.22, 95%CI: 0.98-3.02). Co-existence of paroxysmal and non-paroxysmal AF indicates a significant CPAP effect (RR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.50-2.09), contrary to one study on paroxysmal AF patients (RR=1.3, 95%CI: 0.71-1.50).ConclusionOur meta-analysis found a significant risk of AF recurrence in patients with OSA following PVI. However, OSA had an insignificant impact on AF recurrence in paroxysmal AF patients. Non-CPAP usage generally increased recurrence risk. Yet, in subgroups without prominent atrial size difference and paroxysmal AF, CPAP’s influence was not significant. Keywords: CPAP; Atrial Fibrillation; Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Pulmonary vein isolation