bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of Highly Efficient Activated Carbons for Wastewater Treatment from Post‐Consumer PET Plastic Bottle Waste
Authors: Alabi‐Babalola Olajumoke , Aransiola Elizabeth , Asuquo Edidiong , Garforth Arthur , D'Agostino Carmine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChemical activated carbons (PET‐H2SO4 and PET‐KOH) were prepared from post‐consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes using pyrolysis under moderate reaction temperatures by changing pyrolysis time and chemical activating agents. The produced carbons were characterized and tested in adsorption reactions of manganese, chromium, and cobalt ions in aqueous solutions. Results showed a high percentage removal of these inorganic ions from water: 98 % for Mn2+, 87 % for Cr3+, and 88 % for Co2+. Freundlich isotherms gave a better fit to the experimental data obtained with good correlation coefficient values in the range of 0.99‐1 compared to other isotherms. The pseudo‐second order kinetic model best described the chemical adsorption process as an exchange of electrons between the carbon and inorganic ions in solutions. The diffusion models showed that the process is controlled by a multi‐kinetic stage adsorption process. In summary, this work demonstrates that the production of activated carbon from PET waste bottles is a potential alternative to commercial activated carbon and can be considered a sustainable waste management technology for removing these non‐biodegradable plastic wastes from the environment.
Green Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) for Sustainable Metal Recovery from Thermally Treated PCBs: A Greener Alternative to Conventional Methods
Authors: Mishra Snigdha , Hunter T. N. , Pant K. K. , Harbottle David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWaste PCBs the core of e‐waste is rich in copper, tin, zinc, iron, and nickel. Leaching base metals from PCB used to be done in toxic, corrosive acidic/alkali mediums. In this work, an environmentally friendly method for leaching metals from thermally treated PCBs (TPCBs) of mobile phones was proposed using choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents (DES). DES selectivity and solubility of metals from metal oxides were the main screening criteria. FA−ChCl had the maximum solubility of Cu, Fe, and Ni, while Urea−ChCl had high Zn selectivity and solubility. Oxalic acid has high selectivity for Sn. FA−ChCl extracted Cu and Fe best at 16 h, 100 °C, and 1/30 g/mL. Urea−ChCl extracted Zn (90.4±2.9 %) from TPCBs at 100 °C, 21 h, 1/20 g/mL, and 400 rpm. Oxalic acid (1 M) removed 92.3±2.1 % Sn from TPCBs in 1 h at 80 °C and 1/20 g/mL. The shrinking core model‐based kinetic investigation of FA−ChCl for Cu extraction showed a diffusion‐controlled process. The proposed method is greener than mineral acids utilized for metal extraction.
Amorphous Nickel Nanofilms for Efficient Hydrogen Generation from ammonia borane
Authors: Chen Yumei , Li Mingbin , Guan Shuyan , Li Qing , Peng Qiuming , Han Shumin , Liu Baozhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClean and sustainable hydrogen production through liquid hydrogen storage material requires highly active and stable earth‐abundant non‐noble metal to replace expensive and rare noble metals. Herein, nickel nanofilms (Ni/NiO‐NFs) were prepared by the ionic liquid/water interface route. The cationic carbon chain length of the ionic liquid affects the phase composition of the nickel nanofilm, and the ionic liquid with [OMIm][PF6] as the anion has good thermal stability during the synthesis process. The efficiency of Ni/NiO‐NFs catalysts was tested by comparative kinetic analysis of the AB hydrolysis for hydrogen production. The as‐prepared Ni/NiO‐NFs catalyst exhibits excellent hydrogen generation performances, including a hydrogen production rate (2917 ml min−1 gNi−1), and a low activation energy (48.1 kJ/mol). The transition of nickel oxide to metallic nickel and the destruction of the catalyst structure is responsible for the decreased durability. This work highlights the significance of amorphous nanofilms catalysts via the ionic interface method on the regulation of activity for AB hydrolysis.
Large eddy simulations fire modeling of JIS A 1310 façade calibration test with respect to sidewall
Authors: Sun Xukun , Yoshioka Hideki , Noguchi Takafumi , Nishio Yuhei , Ohmiya Yoshifumi , Hayakawa Tetsuya , Zhou Biao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe full‐scale façade standard test is widely employed as a comprehensive method to assess the façade fire spread. Within this approach, the calibration test without combustible façade decouples the intricate interaction between gas‐phase combustion and material pyrolysis, which simplifies diagnostics and provides an ideal scenario for model validation. This paper presents large eddy simulations (LES) accompanied by comparisons of calibration tests in accordance with JIS A 1310. The calibration tests were conducted to obtain the flame morphologies, gas‐phase temperature, and heat flux of over‐ventilated façade fires, and the LES modeling is complemented by the modified eddy dissipation model for combustion, the one‐equation model for the sub‐grid scale turbulence, and the discrete ordinate method with the gray mean absorption‐emission approach for thermal radiation. The accuracy of LES data is discussed by comparing with measurements, and the mesh resolution is optimized as 2.5 cm for achieving mesh independency with good qualitative agreement. Furthermore, simulations are conducted to investigate the impact of sidewall distances on façade flame spread. The results highlight that the enhancement of sidewall in façade flame spread occurs under external heat release rate, and the 0.2 m sidewall distance for the designated JIS test is identified as a critical threshold increasing façade thermal load.
Dynamic local mRNA localization and translation occurs during the postnatal molecular maturation of perivascular astrocytic processes
Authors: Avila‐Gutierrez Katia , Slaoui Leila , Alvear‐Perez Rodrigo , Kozlowski Esther , Oudart Marc , Augustin Emma , Claveau Camille , Mailly Philippe , Monnet Héloïse , Mignon Virginie , Saubaméa Bruno , Boulay Anne‐Cécile , Cohen‐Salmon Martine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAstrocytes are highly ramified and send out perivascular processes (PvAPs) that entirely sheathe the brain's blood vessels. PvAPs are equipped with an enriched molecular repertoire that sustains astrocytic regulatory functions at the vascular interface. In the mouse, PvAP development starts after birth and is essentially complete by postnatal day (P) 15. Progressive molecular maturation also occurs over this period, with the acquisition of proteins enriched in PvAPs. The mechanisms controlling the development and molecular maturation of PvAPs have not been extensively characterized. We reported previously that mRNAs are distributed unequally in mature PvAPs and are locally translated. Since dynamic mRNA localization and local translation influence the cell's polarity, we hypothesized that they might sustain the postnatal maturation of PvAPs. Here, we used a combination of molecular biology and imaging approaches to demonstrate that the development of PvAPs is accompanied by the transport of mRNA and polysomal mRNA into PvAPs, the development of a rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) network and Golgi cisternae, and local translation. By focusing on genes and proteins that are selectively or specifically expressed in astrocytes, we characterized the developmental profile of mRNAs, polysomal mRNAs and proteins in PvAPs from P5 to P60. We found that some polysomal mRNAs polarized progressively towards the PvAPs. Lastly, we found that expression and localization of mRNAs in developing PvAPs is perturbed in a mouse model of megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts. Our results indicate that dynamic mRNA localization and local translation influence the postnatal maturation of PvAPs.
Impact of social media usage on academic performance of university students: Mediating role of mental health under a cross‐sectional study in Bangladesh
Authors: Mosharrafa Rana Al , Akther Taslima , Siddique Fahimul Kader 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimSocial media is undeniably more accessible and more appreciated today. It is undoubtedly one of the most crucial instruments for student communication. Mental health status can also meaningfully influence the students at the higher levels of the educational institutions. This study aims to evaluate the social media usage of university students and its impact on academic performance and mental health.MethodsTo examine under confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) several scale measurements were confirmed by justifying the validity and reliability of several necessary indices and structural equation model. The mediation analysis was also estimated to evaluate the students' Social media addiction (employed Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale) under maximum likelihood estimation with 2000 bootstrapping and 95% bias‐corrected bootstrap confidence intervals.ResultsThis study shows that the usage of social media significantly improves academic performance on psychological well‐being, with a Comparative Fit Index of 0.921 and an RMSEA of 0.06 indicating a good fit of the CFA model. Finally, we exhibit a strong statistically significant positive impact of social media usage on academic success, and as supporting the hypothesis, the study observed a positive mediating role of mental health between social media addiction and academic performance.ConclusionThe present research investigations produced unique results, that is, online social media enhances mental health and mediates the link between social media addiction and academic performance in Bangladeshi students. This finding also add to the empirical database on social media usage and have significant theoretical and practical ramifications.
Home‐based high‐intensity interval training for people with Parkinson's: Protocol for the HIIT‐Home4Parkinson's randomized, controlled feasibility study
Authors: Harpham Conrad , Gunn Hilary , Marsden Jonathan , Bescos Garcia Raul , Connolly Luke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐intensity interval training (HIIT) is feasible and beneficial for some people with Parkinson's (PwP), although adherence to extended programs may be problematic. PwP face barriers to exercise such as lack of time, expense, and difficulty with travel logistics due to motor symptoms. HIIT based in the home setting if practical, could therefore be apposite for PwP by overcoming these barriers. However, until now, no home‐based HIIT program for PwP has been developed. Cocreated by PwP, clinicians, and family members, the HIIT‐Home4Parkinson's (HH4P) program is an innovative, 12‐week home‐based HIIT program for PwP. This protocol describes a feasibility study designed to assess the feasibility and safety of the HH4P program, explore outcomes that may be sensitive to change, and inform the implementation of a potential full trial.Methods/designUsing a randomized controlled parallel group design, 24 independently mobile people with Parkinson's of mild to moderate disease severity will be randomized 1:1 to either the HH4P program plus usual care, or usual care alone. Both groups will be assessed at baseline, and upon the completion of the program. Outcomes will include feasibility and safety factors such as recruitment, completion, adverse events, and intervention fidelity with qualitative evaluation along with mechanistic, physiological, and clinical outcomes.DiscussionResults of this study will inform the rationale and methodological considerations for a full trial with long‐term follow‐up. Ultimately, further establishing the practicality and utility of home‐based HIIT could provide an important exercise option for PwP, potentially leading to extended participation and increased health and well‐being for this population.
Onset of instability in Darcy–Forchheimer porous layer with power‐law saturating fluid
Authors: EL Fakiri Hanae , Lagziri Hajar , Lahlaouti Mohammed Lhassane , Bouardi Abdelmajid El 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe paper investigates the effects of the Forchheimer term (form drag) and vertical pressure gradient on the buoyancy‐induced instability of power‐law saturating fluid in a porous plane medium. Two isobaric permeable layers are assumed to sandwich the horizontal porous plane. In the meantime, Dirichlet and Neumann equations are the thermal boundary conditions considered for the lower and upper layers. A base flow developed analytically via the governing equations is just in function of the Péclet number , with no dependence on the characteristic parameter of the power law fluid. A linear stability analysis consists of substituting a base flow with a small perturbation into the governing equations leads to a four‐order eigenvalue problem. An analytical solution is performed for the asymptotic cases of an infinite wavelength. The Runge–Kutta solver is applied together with the shooting technique to evaluate numerical solutions for the general case of nonnegligible wave numbers. Among the findings is the contribution of the Forchheimer term in the variation of the threshold Péclet number whose value can switch the wave numbers from zero to nonzero and increase the stability of the system.
Bottom‐up DNA nanostructure‐based paper as point‐of‐care diagnostic: From method to device
Authors: Gao Xueping , Feng Liu , Deng Ruijia , Wang Binpan , He Yuan , Zhang Ligai , Luo Dan , Chen Ming , Chang Kai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPaper‐based devices have attracted considerable attention in point‐of‐care testing (POCT) due to their simple operation and portability. The performance of paper‐based POC assays is further enhanced by coupling with functional nucleic acids (FNAs), which are able to selectively recognize and bind to targets, amplify and transduce signals. Several high‐performance paper‐based POC assays have been developed, resulting from the different spatial structures of the paper‐based device and detection strategies using different FNAs. In this review, we first introduce FNAs and paper‐based devices, including their concepts, classifications and advances. The following section focuses on the application of these FNAs in POC assays using paper‐based devices, taking into account their spatial one‐, two‐ and three‐dimensional structures. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of the application of FNAs in paper‐based POCT are discussed.
Land suitability for irrigation of small reservoirs using spatial techniques in the upper regions of Ghana
Authors: Shaibu Abdul‐Ganiyu , Kpiebaya Prosper , Salifu Eliasu , Oka Naoko 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecent climatic variations have hindered the potential of irrigation in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). This study presents a suitability analysis of irrigable areas for irrigation using spatial techniques. The focus of this paper was to examine regions that may be viable for irrigation for four small reservoirs constructed under the ‘One Village One Dam’ (1V1D) initiative. The thematic factors used were distance to water, soil type, soil depth, slope, pH, electrical conductivity, hydraulic conductivity, land use–land cover, organic carbon and organic matter. The land cover was classified using high‐resolution imagery from SAS Planet because of the small land size. The pairwise ranking found soil type to have an overall higher weight of approximately 15% and electrical conductivity to have the lowest weight. The highly suitable areas were found very close to the dam, and the permanently not suitable areas were located at the far end of the dam. From the area computation, it was found that the highly suitable regions in Kataa, Degri, Napaadi and Zansibulga were 10.52, 55.41, 1.01 and 3.77 ha, respectively. In conclusion, it was found that the majority of irrigable land was within the marginally to highly suitable class.
Impacts of H2O2, SARM1 inhibition, and high NAm concentrations on Huntington's disease laser‐induced degeneration
Authors: Barber Sophia , Gomez‐Godinez Veronica , Young Joy , Wei Abigail , Chen Sarah , Snissarenko Anna , Chan Sze Sze , Wu Chengbiao , Shi Linda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAxonal degeneration is a key component of neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nicotinamide, an NAD+ precursor, has long since been implicated in axonal protection and reduction of degeneration. However, studies on nicotinamide (NAm) supplementation in humans indicate that NAm has no protective effect. Sterile alpha and toll/interleukin receptor motif‐containing protein 1 (SARM1) regulates several cell responses to axonal damage and has been implicated in promoting neuronal degeneration. SARM1 inhibition seems to result in protection from neuronal degeneration while hydrogen peroxide has been implicated in oxidative stress and axonal degeneration. The effects of laser‐induced axonal damage in wild‐type and HD dorsal root ganglion cells treated with NAm, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and SARM1 inhibitor DSRM‐3716 were investigated and the cell body width, axon width, axonal strength, and axon shrinkage post laser‐induced injury were measured.
Skin dehydration monitoring with optical spectroscopy allows assessment of water content in the organism: Thermal and physical loads, diuretic therapy
Authors: Davydov Denis А. , Budylin Gleb S. , Baev Alexey V. , Vaipan Daniil V. , Seredenina Elena M. , Kamalov Armais A. , Shirshin Evgeny A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between body hydration levels and skin hydration using spatially resolved diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The research involved monitoring skin dehydration and rehydration under various conditions, including thermal and physical loads on healthy volunteers, and diuretic therapy in patients with edema syndrome. Findings indicate a correlation between body mass reduction and skin hydration: a 1% loss in body mass corresponds to a 10% decrease in skin hydration. During thermal stress, water absorption at 970 nm decreased monotonically without recovery. Physical activity resulted in approximately 10% changes in skin water content within 20 min, followed by rehydration. Patients with edema syndrome exhibited the most substantial decrease in water absorption amplitude, at nearly 30%, during diuretic treatment. These results support optical spectroscopy as a non‐invasive tool for assessing body hydration, with implications for developing portable hydration monitoring devices for clinical and sports applications.
Sc(OTf)3‐catalyzed tandem (3+3)‐annulation/lactonization of cyclopropanes with salicylaldehyde nitrones to access polycyclic 1,2‐oxazines
Authors: Liu Zhiping , Pang Jie , Che Lijie , Pang Liping , Gan Chunfang , Cui Jianguo , Huang Yanmin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA Sc(OTf)3‐catalyzed tandem (3 + 3)‐annulation/lactonization of donor‐acceptor cyclopropane 1,1‐dieters with salicylaldehyde nitrones has been reported, affording a wide range of tetrahydrochromeno[4,3‐c][1,2]oxazin‐5(1H)‐ones in moderate yields with excellent diastereoselectivities. Besides, the gram‐scale reaction has also been explored to demonstrate the utility of this protocol. Moreover, the mechanism was investigated through control experiments, which show the reaction proceeds via a tandem (3 + 3)‐annulation/lactonization reaction.
Barriers to radiographers' use of radiation safety principles: A qualitative perspective
Authors: Christensen Berit Møller , Bjällmark Anna , Ndipen Irine Maghanwi , Afram Shilan Shamon , Bazzi May 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo minimise the risks associated with ionising radiation, it is necessary for all staff involved to employ specific techniques to reduce radiation exposure of the patient. These techniques include using compression during examinations of the pelvic region and lumbar spine, using a gonad shield, and asking women if they are pregnant. However, some staff do not use these techniques consistently. Increasing compliance requires determining why staff are non‐compliant. Thus, this study aims to qualitatively investigate why radiographers do not use these techniques.MethodsThis qualitative study is based on a cross‐sectional electronic survey with open‐ended questions. The data were analysed using an inductive qualitative content analysis with quantification of the findings. In total, 111 radiographers from 20 hospitals in Sweden participated.ResultsThree categories appear related to barriers that could obstruct the radiographer from using compression, gonad shields and asking about pregnancy: patient characteristics, interaction between the patient and the radiographer and issues related to the situation and examination.ConclusionsThe barriers to not using radiation protection measures varied depending on the specific measure. However, the barriers were mainly related to the patient experiencing pain, communication difficulties and cultural reasons. In addition, the lack of adequate and user‐friendly equipment was seen as a barrier to applying compression and using gonad shielding.
Vertical acoustic blanking in seismic data from the German North Sea: a spotlight to shallow gas‐bearing incised channels
Authors: Ahlrichs Niklas , Ehrhardt Axel , Schnabel Michael , Berndt Christian 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTSeismic data from the North Sea commonly show vertical acoustic blanking (VAB) often interpreted as fluid conduits with implications for Quaternary development. The robustness of this interpretation has long been controversial as the infill of tunnel valleys can also cause vertical blanking. Using 2D and 3D seismic data and sediment echosounder data from the German North Sea, we investigate VAB to determine a geological or imaging origin of these anomalies. We detected multiple VAB occurrences throughout the North Sea. 3D data from the Ducks Beak (‘Entenschnabel’) reveal a correlation of VAB with bright spots in incised channels directly below the seafloor. Large source–receiver distances allow imaging the subsurface below the channel without signal penetrating through it (undershooting). This method removes the blanking. Energy absorption by shallow biogenic gas trapped within the channels explains the observed VAB. Hence, the blanking represents an imaging artifact, highlighting the need for careful seismic processing with sufficient offset before interpreting such anomalies as fluid pathways. The channels belong to a postglacial channel system related to the now submerged lowlands of Doggerland. This work demonstrates the usability of mapping VAB to detect shallow features for paleo‐landscape reconstruction and identification of shallow gas for hazard assessments, for example.