bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Metabolomics and Determination of a Potent Anti-inflammatory Fraction of Freshwater Brown Algae
Authors: Ezinne Nwankwo Valerie , Juliet Muoegbunam , Chika Abba , B.C Okoye Festus , C Ugwu Chukwuebuka , G Ngwoke Kenneth 
Published: January 2025

Objective: The study aims to perform preliminary metabolomics and identify the potent anti-inflammatory fractions from freshwater brown algae extract.
Materials and Methods: The brown algae sample was harvested from the exposed rocks in Ebonyi River in Nigeria, and was subjected to cold maceration in a methanol-dichloromethane (2:1) solvent mixture for 72 hours, for extraction. The resulting extract was concentrated and subsequently fractionated via vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) using solvent gradients of n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Acute toxicity was evaluated in Swiss albino mice according to Lorke’s method, with mortality rates employed to determine the LD50. The anti-inflammatory potential of the fractions was assessed using both in vitro (protein denaturation and heat-induced hemolysis assays) and in vivo (acetic acid-induced vascular permeability and xylene-induced edema) models. Doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg as well as 1 and 2 mg of the fractions (3:7, 5:5, 7:3) were administered orally and topical for the in vivo models respectively, while doses ranging from 62.5 to 1000 μg were used for the in vitro test. Dexamethasone was used as the positive control. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) dereplication was employed to identify the phytoconstituents of the fractions.
Results: Many anti-inflammatory compounds, including quercetin, ellagic acid and Kaempferol were identified in the fractions which would have accounted for the pronounced anti-inflammatory properties observed. Fraction 5:5 showed a superior anti-inflammation compared to dexamethasone in the xylene-induced edema model, although not statistically significantly different.
Conclusion: These fractions, especially 5:5 can be further developed for the treatment of inflammation.
Patient Perspectives on Social Risk Screening and Documentation in a Dermatology Clinic
Authors: Wilkerson Kamina , De Marchis Emilia , Rudd Nora , Williams Jazzmin C. , Pantell Matt , Ackerman Sara L. , Amerson Erin H. , Chang Aileen Y. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceProviding person-centered dermatologic care includes consideration of social risk factors, such as housing instability and unreliable transportation, that may affect clinical management. Patients’ perspectives on social risk screening and documentation in dermatology clinics have not yet been evaluated.ObjectiveTo understand patients’ perspectives on social risk screening and documentation in a dermatology clinic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis mixed-methods study used a survey and semistructured interviews and was conducted in a general dermatology clinic at a large urban public hospital. Patients at the clinic were eligible to complete the survey if they were 18 years or older; able to speak and read English, Spanish, or Cantonese; and comfortable using a computer tablet. Survey participants who preferred to use English were eligible for interviews. The survey included social risk screening questions, measures of acceptability, and questions on social risk factors associated with patient acceptability. Semistructured interviews were conducted to explore attitudes and beliefs about social risk screening and documentation. Survey and interview findings were integrated during data analysis through development of themes and joint display. Data were analyzed from December 2021 to April 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThere were 2 outcome measures of acceptability: appropriateness of screening in a dermatology clinic and comfort with documentation of social risk in the electronic health record (EHR).ResultsA total of 135 participants (including 73 males [54.1%]) answered both measures of acceptability in the survey. Of these participants, 116 (85.9%) reported that social risk screening in their dermatology clinic was very or somewhat appropriate and 85 (63.0%) reported being completely or somewhat comfortable with having their social risks documented in the EHR. Themes that were developed from surveys and interviews were the (1) role of interpersonal factors in willingness to disclose social risks, (2) implications of institutional trust for willingness to disclose and comfort with documentation, and (3) relevance of screening in a dermatology clinic.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this study showed that most participants found social risk screening to be appropriate in a dermatology clinic, although a smaller proportion of participants were comfortable with EHR documentation of their social risks. Optimizing patients’ trust in their physicians and the medical system, while addressing privacy and discrimination concerns, may help facilitate disclosure of social risks.
Parents’ Adverse and Positive Childhood Experiences and Offspring Involvement With the Criminal Legal System
Authors: Barnert Elizabeth S. , Schlichte Lindsay M. , Tolliver Destiny G. , La Charite Jaime , Biely Christopher , Dudovitz Rebecca , Leifheit Kathryn , Russ Shirley , Sastry Narayan , Yama Cecile , Slavich George M. , Schickedanz Adam 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceIntergenerational cycles of adversity likely increase one’s risk of criminal legal system involvement, yet associations with potential contributors, such as parents’ adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and positive childhood experiences (PCEs), have not been explored.ObjectiveTo investigate the association of parents’ ACEs and PCEs with their adult children’s involvement in US legal systems, from arrest to conviction.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe study team analyzed data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), a nationally representative cohort study of families in the US. PSID-2013 survey data were merged with the 2014 PSID Childhood Retrospective Circumstances Study (CRCS), collected May 2014 to January 2015, which asked adults aged 18 to 97 years to retrospectively report on their childhood experiences. Parents and their adult children were linked in the data set. Data were analyzed from October 2022 to September 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe child arrest outcome was regressed on parents’ ACE and PCE scores using logistic regression models. In addition, multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of parents’ ACE and PCE scores with the number of times their child was arrested and convicted.ResultsOf 12 985 eligible individuals, 8072 completed the CRCS. Among CRCS participants, there were 1854 eligible parent-child dyads (ie, parents and their adult children) that formed the analytic sample. The mean (SD) age of offspring at the time of CRCS completion was 38.5 (10.9) years, and 1076 offspring (51.3%) were female. Having 4 or more parental ACEs was associated with 1.91-fold (95% CI, 1.14-3.22) higher adjusted odds of arrest before age 26 and 3.22-fold (95% CI, 1.62-6.40) higher adjusted odds of conviction before age 26 years, compared with children of parents without ACEs. These associations persisted after controlling for parental PCEs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this nationally representative study, children of parents with higher ACEs were at greater risk of arrest during adolescence and young adulthood, even after controlling for parents’ PCEs. Addressing and preventing childhood adversity through multigenerational life course approaches may help disrupt intergenerational pathways to the criminal legal system.
A Humidity‐Resistant, Sensitive, and Stretchable Hydrogel‐Based Oxygen Sensor for Wireless Health and Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Wu Zixuan , Ding Qiongling , Wang Hao , Ye Jindong , Luo Yibing , Yu Jiahao , Zhan Runze , Zhang He , Tao Kai , Liu Chuan , Wu Jin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHighly sensitive and wearable gas sensors are highly demanded on account of their widespread application in health and environmental monitoring. However, the sensing performance of conventional room‐temperature gas sensors are prone to fluctuate or even fail under changing humidity, temperature or putting into water, thus severely limiting their practical applications. Herein, a porous elastomer‐encapsulated hydrogel‐based oxygen sensor is designed with impressive room‐temperature sensing performance under various environmental conditions, including high precision (at ppm level), wide detection range (from 5 ppm to 90% O2), excellent repeatability, selectivity, long‐term stability, breathability, and waterproofing. The hydrophobic elastomer film prevents the water molecules from intruding and evaporating to a great extent, making the device resistant to humidity interference and applicable to underwater operation. Benefiting from the intrinsic stretchability of both hydrogel and elastomer films and their strong interfacial bonding, the final device can be stretched up to 100% strain. By integrating the sensor with a wireless circuit module, a wearable/portable oxygen sensing system for real‐time monitoring of health and environment is demonstrated, realizing timely and convenient assessment of respiratory rate, tissue oxygen, ambient oxygen, and dissolved oxygen.
Microenvironment‐Regulating Drug Delivery Nanoparticles for Treating and Preventing Typical Biofilm‐Induced Oral Diseases
Authors: Xiao Leyi , Feng Mengge , Chen Chen , Xiao Qi , Cui Yu , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe oral cavity comprises an environment full of microorganisms. Dysregulation of this microbial‐cellular microenvironment will lead to a series of oral diseases, such as implant‐associated infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilms and periodontitis initiated by Streptococcus oralis (S. oralis). In this study, a liposome‐encapsulated indocyanine green (ICG) and rapamycin drug‐delivery nanoparticle (ICG‐rapamycin) is designed to treat and prevent two typical biofilm‐induced oral diseases by regulating the microbial‐cellular microenvironment. ICG‐rapamycin elevates the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and temperature levels to facilitate photodynamic and photothermal mechanisms under near‐infrared (NIR) laser irradiation for anti‐bacteria. In addition, it prevents biofilm formation by promoting bacterial motility with increasing the ATP levels. The nanoparticles modulate the microbial‐cellular interaction to reduce cellular inflammation and enhance bacterial clearance, which includes promoting the M2 polarization of macrophages, upregulating the anti‐inflammatory factor TGF‐β, and enhancing the bacterial phagocytosis of macrophages. Based on these findings, ICG‐rapamycin is applied to implant‐infected and periodontitis animal models to confirm the effects in vivo. This study demonstrates that ICG‐rapamycin can treat and prevent biofilm‐induced oral diseases by regulating the microbial‐cellular microenvironment, thus providing a promising strategy for future clinical applications.
MAX, MXene, or MX: What Are They and Which One Is Better?
Authors: Sun Jianguo , Liu Binbin , Zhao Qi , Kirk Chin Ho , Wang John 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe fast ever‐growing interest in transition metal carbonitrides (MXenes) for energy and catalysis is undermined by the undesirable multi‐surficial terminations, which severely limit their applications. In contrast, considering the intriguing and tunable electronic structure, rich surface active sites, and high thermal durability, termination‐free MXene (MX) hosts a huge possibility for catalysis. As such, recent advances in the evolution from MAX to MXene, and then to MX are overviewed and compared briefly, before concentrating on the unique future of MX in multi‐heterogeneous catalysis. This work also looks beyond the fundamental properties of MX and discusses the potential of such materials for applications in multi‐electron redox reactions. It is convinced that the potential success of MX in future catalysis is promising. Further extension toward high entropy and single‐atom modifications will consolidate the leading position of MX in catalysis.
Smart‐Responsive HOF Heterostructures with Multiple Spatial‐Resolved Emission Modes toward Photonic Security Platform
Authors: Lv Yuanchao , Liang Jiashuai , Xiong Zhile , Yang Xue , Li Yunbin , Zhang Hao , Xiang Shengchang , Chen Banglin , Zhang Zhangjing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLuminescent hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) with the unique dynamics and versatile functional sites hold great potential application in information security, yet most of responsive HOFs focus on the single‐component framework with restrained emission control, limiting further applications in advanced confidential information protection. Herein, the first smart‐responsive HOF heterostructure with multiple spatial‐resolved emission modes for covert photonic security platform is reported. The HOF heterostructures are prepared by integrating different HOFs into a single microwire based on a hydrogen‐bond‐assisted epitaxial growth method. The distinct responsive behaviors of HOFs permit the heterostructure to simultaneously display the thermochromism via the framework transformation and the acidichromism via the protonation effect, thus generating multiple emission modes. The dual stimuli‐controlled spatial‐resolved emission modes constitute the fingerprint of a heterostructure, and enable the establishment of the smart‐responsive photonic barcode with multiple convert states, which further demonstrate the dynamic coding capability and enhanced security in anticounterfeiting label applications. These results offer a promising route to design function‐oriented smart responsive HOF microdevices toward advanced anticounterfeiting applications.
New Nanophotonics Approaches for Enhancing the Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Cheng Pengfei , An Yidan , Jen Alex K.‐Y. , Lei Dangyuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has experienced a remarkable ascent, soaring from 3.8% in 2009 to a remarkable record of 26.1% in 2023. Many recent approaches for improving PSC performance employ nanophotonic technologies, from light harvesting and thermal management to the manipulation of charge carrier dynamics. Plasmonic nanoparticles and arrayed dielectric nanostructures have been applied to tailor the light absorption, scattering, and conversion, as well as the heat dissipation within PSCs to improve their PCE and operational stability. In this review, it is begin with a concise introduction to define the realm of nanophotonics by focusing on the nanoscale interactions between light and surface plasmons or dielectric photonic structures. Prevailing strategies that utilize resonance‐enhanced light–matter interactions for boosting the PCE and stability of PSCs from light trapping, carrier transportation, and thermal management perspectives are then elaborated, and the resultant practical applications, such as semitransparent photovoltaics, colored PSCs, and smart perovskite windows are discussed. Finally, the state‐of‐the‐art nanophotonic paradigms in PSCs are reviewed, and the benefits of these approaches in improving the aesthetic effects and energy‐saving character of PSC‐integrated buildings are highlighted.
Investigation of Electrochemical Stability of ALD Grown Li3PO4 Thin Films and Its Application in High‐Voltage PEO‐based All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Cai Xincan , Bao Wenda , Zhao Lianqi , Zuo Yuqing , Zhao Haojie , Su Longxing , Zhang Yue , Zhang Hui , Xie Jin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn lithium batteries, the interface between electrolytes and electrodes with optimized structural stability and fast charge transfer kinetics plays a pivotal role in achieving overall cycle and rate performance. Introducing a uniform interfacial layer that conducts Li+ ions while insulating electrons, through atomic layer deposition (ALD) of lithium compounds, has shown promise in facilitating lithium ion transport and enhancing interface stability. However, synthesizing lithium compounds with both robust chemical stability and a broad electrochemical window using ALD poses challenges due to the difficulty of obtaining desired products under specific ALD reaction conditions. In this study, this challenge by investigating Li3PO4 is addressed, a compound grown by ALD that exhibits a noteworthy property: the in situ formation of a more stable LiPO3 phase under high applied voltage. The LiPO3 phase possesses an extended theoretical stability window (LiPO3: 2.48‐5.00 V versus Li3PO4: 0.69‐4.21 V), and its emergence substantially enhances the electrochemical performance of all‐solid‐state lithium batteries based on polyethylene oxide (PEO). This work not only presents experimental evidence of the in situ transformation of the interfacial layer but also offers a pragmatic approach to realizing all‐solid‐state lithium batteries with elevated energy density, emphasizing safety and stability considerations.
Identification and Characterization of CD8+CD27+CXCR3− T Cell Dysregulation and Progression‐Associated Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Du Fang , Jin Qiqi , Sun Li , Wang Boqian , Tan Ziyang , Meng Xinyu , Huang Baozhen , Zhan Yifan , Su Wenqiong , Song Rui , Wu Chunmei , Chen Luonan , Chen Xiaoxiang , Ding Xianting 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) etiopathogenesis highlights the contributions of overproduction of CD4+ T cells and loss of immune tolerance. However, the involvement of CD8+ T cells in SLE pathology and disease progression remains unclear. Here, the comprehensive immune cell dysregulation in total 263 clinical peripheral blood samples composed of active SLE (aSLE), remission SLE (rSLE) and healthy controls (HCs) is investigated via mass cytometry, flow cytometry and single‐cell RNA sequencing. This is observed that CD8+CD27+CXCR3− T cells are increased in rSLE compare to aSLE. Meanwhile, the effector function of CD8+CD27+CXCR3− T cells are overactive in aSLE compare to HCs and rSLE, and are positively associated with clinical SLE activity. In addition, the response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is monitored to interleukin‐2 stimulation in aSLE and rSLE to construct dynamic network biomarker (DNB) model. It is demonstrated that DNB score‐related parameters can faithfully predict the remission of aSLE and the flares of rSLE. The abundance and functional dysregulation of CD8+CD27+CXCR3− T cells can be potential biomarkers for SLE prognosis and concomitant diagnosis. The DNB score with accurate prediction to SLE disease progression can provide clinical treatment suggestions especially for drug dosage determination.
Ac4C Enhances the Translation Efficiency of Vegfa mRNA and Mediates Central Sensitization in Spinal Dorsal Horn in Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Xu Ting , Wang Jing , Wu Yan , Wu Jia‐Yan , Lu Wei‐Cheng , Liu Meng , Zhang Su‐Bo , Xie Dan , Xin Wen‐Jun , Xie Jing‐Dun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractN4‐Acetylcytidine (ac4C), a highly conserved post‐transcriptional machinery with extensive existence for RNA modification, plays versatile roles in various cellular processes and functions. However, the molecular mechanism by which ac4C modification mediates neuropathic pain remains elusive. Here, it is found that the enhanced ac4C modification promotes the recruitment of polysome in Vegfa mRNA and strengthens the translation efficiency following SNI. Nerve injury increases the expression of NAT10 and the interaction between NAT10 and Vegfa mRNA in the dorsal horn neurons, and the gain and loss of NAT10 function further confirm that NAT10 is involved in the ac4C modification in Vegfa mRNA and pain behavior. Moreover, the ac4C‐mediated VEGFA upregulation contributes to the central sensitivity and neuropathic pain induced by SNI or AAV‐hSyn‐NAT10. Finally, SNI promotes the binding of HNRNPK in Vegfa mRNA and subsequently recruits the NAT10. The enhanced interaction between HNRNPK and NAT10 contributes to the ac4C modification of Vegfa mRNA and neuropathic pain. These findings suggest that the enhanced interaction between HNRNPK and Vegfa mRNA upregulates the ac4C level by recruiting NAT10 and contributes to the central sensitivity and neuropathic pain following SNI. Blocking this cascade may be a novel therapeutic approach in patients with neuropathic pain.
SdH Oscillations from the Dirac Surface State in the Fermi‐Arc Antiferromagnet NdBi
Authors: Wang Ruoqi , Zhang Junchao , Li Tian , Chen Keming , Li Zhengyu , Wu Mingliang , Ling Langsheng , Xi Chuanying , Hong Kunquan , Miao Lin , Yuan Shijun , Chen Taishi , Wang Jinlan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe recent progress in CuMnAs and Mn3X (X = Sn, Ge, Pt) shows that antiferromagnets (AFMs) provide a promising platform for advanced spintronics device innovations. Most recently, a switchable Fermi‐arc is discovered by the ARPES technique in antiferromagnet NdBi, but the knowledge about electron‐transport property and the manipulability of the magnetic structure in NdBi is still vacant to date. In this study, SdH oscillations are successfully verified from the Dirac surface states (SSs) with 2‐dimensionality and nonzero Berry phase. Particularly, it is observed that the spin‐flop transition only appears when the external magnetical field is applied along [001] direction, and features obvious hysteresis for the first time in NdBi, which provides a powerful handle for adjusting the spin texture in NdBi. Crucially, the DFT shows the Dirac cone and the Fermi arc strongly depend on the high‐order magnetic structure of NdBi and further reveals the orbital magnetic moment of Nd plays a crucial role in fostering the peculiar SSs, leading to unveil the mystery of the band‐splitting effect and to manipulate the electronic transport, high‐effectively, in the thin film works in NdBi. It is believed that this study provides important guidance for the development of new antiferromagnet‐based spintronics devices based on cutting‐edge rare‐earth monopnictides.
Deciphering Electrolyte Dominated Na+ Storage Mechanisms in Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Guiyu , Wang Zhiqiang , Yuan Huimin , Yan Chunliu , Hao Rui , Zhang Fangchang , Luo Wen , Wang Hongzhi , Cao Yulin , Gu Shuai , Zeng Chun , Li Yingzhi , Wang Zhenyu , Qin Ning , Luo Guangfu , Lu Zhouguang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough hard carbon (HC) demonstrates superior initial Coulombic efficiency, cycling durability, and rate capability in ether‐based electrolytes compared to ester‐based electrolytes for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), the underlying mechanisms responsible for these disparities remain largely unexplored. Herein, ex situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra and in situ Raman spectroscopy are combined to investigate the Na storage mechanism of HC under different electrolytes. Through deconvolving the EPR signals of Na in HC, quasi‐metallic‐Na is successfully differentiated from adsorbed‐Na. By monitoring the evolution of different Na species during the charging/discharging process, it is found that the initial adsorbed‐Na in HC with ether‐based electrolytes can be effectively transformed into intercalated‐Na in the plateau region. However, this transformation is obstructed in ester‐based electrolytes, leading to the predominant storage of Na in HC as adsorbed‐Na and pore‐filled‐Na. Furthermore, the intercalated‐Na in HC within the ether‐based electrolytes contributes to the formation of a uniform, dense, and stable solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) film and eventually enhances the electrochemical performance of HC. This work successfully deciphers the electrolyte‐dominated Na+ storage mechanisms in HC and provides fundamental insights into the industrialization of HC in SIBs.