bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesocosm experiments validate induction of Daphnia vertical migration by the fish‐derived kairomone 5α‐cyprinol sulfate
Authors: Ahlers Johanna , Hahn Meike , Stockenreiter Maria , Stibor Herwig , von Elert Eric 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe fish‐derived bile salt 5α‐cyprinol sulfate (CPS) has been identified as a kairomone inducing the predator avoidance behavior “diel vertical migration” (DVM) in Daphnia magna in response to fish. However, conclusions about the ecological significance of CPS have been derived from laboratory experiments only. Using a mesocosm approach, we investigate whether the role of CPS as a kairomone can be confirmed in the field. We demonstrate that CPS induces downward migration during daytime in a field‐derived Daphnia community mainly consisting of Daphnia longispina and Daphnia cucullata within the experiment. In the study lake, the actual population of D. longispina shows a similar pattern of DVM, while concomitant quantification of CPS by HPLC‐MS confirms that CPS in situ concentrations are sufficiently high for induction of daytime downward migration of D. longispina in this oligo‐mesotrophic lake. Together, these observations infer that CPS is a significant kairomone‐inducing DVM‐like behavior in Daphnia.
Recent advances in dietary androgen receptor inhibitors
Authors: Ren Li , Zhang Tiehua , Zhang Jie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs a nuclear transcription factor, the androgen receptor (AR) plays a crucial role not only in normal male sexual differentiation and growth of the prostate, but also in benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, and prostate cancer. Multiple population‐based epidemiological studies demonstrated that prostate cancer risk was inversely associated with increased dietary intakes of green tea, soy products, tomato, and so forth. Therefore, this review aimed to summarize the structure and function of AR, and further illustrate the structural basis for antagonistic mechanisms of the currently clinically available antiandrogens. Due to the limitations of these antiandrogens, a series of natural AR inhibitors have been identified from edible plants such as fruits and vegetables, as well as folk medicines, health foods, and nutritional supplements. Hence, this review mainly focused on recent experimental, epidemiological, and clinical studies about natural AR inhibitors, particularly the association between dietary intake of natural antiandrogens and reduced risk of prostatic diseases. Since natural products offer multiple advantages over synthetic antiandrogens, this review may provide a comprehensive and updated overview of dietary‐derived AR inhibitors, as well as their potential for the nutritional intervention against prostatic disorders.
Metal complexes bearing EGFR‐inhibiting ligands as promising anticancer agents
Authors: Ma Xiaoyan , Wang Zhaoran , Li Yifei , Wang Yawen , Liu Wukun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOverexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, erbB1) has been observed in a wide range of solid tumors and has frequently been associated with poor prognosis. As a result, EGFR inhibition has become an attractive anticancer drug design strategy, and a large number of small molecular inhibitors have been developed. Despite the widespread clinical use of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), their drug resistance, inadequate accumulation in tumors, and severe side effects have spurred the search for better antitumor drugs. Metal complexes have attracted much attention because of their different mechanisms compared with EGFR‐TKIs. Therefore, the combination of metals and inhibitors is a promising anticancer strategy. For example, Ru and Pt centers are introduced to design complexes with double or multiple targets, while Au complexes are combined with inhibitors to overcome drug resistance. Co complexes are designed as prodrugs with weak side effects and enhanced targeting by the hypoxia activation strategy, and other metals such as Rh and Fe enhance the anticancer effect of the complexes. In addition, the introduction of Ga center is beneficial to the development of nuclear imaging tracers. In this paper, metal EGFR‐TKI complexes in the last 15 years are reviewed, their mechanisms are briefly introduced, and their advantages are summarized.
Variation of negative vacuum pressure in vertical drains with time and depth under variable well resistance
Authors: Li Chuanxun , Guo Ziwei , Wang Peng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMost solutions for the large strain nonlinear consolidation of soils with vertical drains are based on the assumption that the negative vacuum pressure only depends on the depth. In response to the shortcomings of this assumption, a large strain nonlinear consolidation model of soils with vertical drains under vacuum preloading is developed by considering the time‐and depth‐dependent well resistance. By fitting the data under different well resistances, the influence of well resistance parameters on the negative vacuum pressure variation in vertical drains is investigated, and the relevant empirical formulas describing the negative vacuum pressure variation in vertical drains are provided. The results obtained from the empirical formulas are in good agreement with the theoretical results as well as the experimental data, by which the reliability of the proposed empirical formulas is verified. The advantages of proposed empirical model can be identified by comparing it with the conventional model in which negative vacuum pressure is only linearly distributed with depth.
Implementation of a tier system for IVIG indications to address IVIG shortage at a tertiary care pediatric medical center
Authors: Roth Kristina , Darwish Christina , Keller Michael D. , Hammer Benjamin , Ahmed‐Winston Sameeva , Escalante Enrique , Madrigal Vanessa , Patrick DiAnthia , Diab Yaser , Grant Christina , Hanisch Benjamin , Kahn Ilana , Khan Sairah , Moudgil Asha , Wistinghausen Birte 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundDrug shortages are a common issue that healthcare systems face and can result in adverse health outcomes for patients requiring inferior alternate treatment. The United States recently experienced a national drug shortage of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Several reported strategies to address the IVIG and other drug shortages have been proposed; however, there is a lack of evidence‐based methods for protocol development and implementation.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of introducing a multidisciplinary task force and tier system of indications and to minimize adverse effects during a shortage of IVIG.MethodsFaculty members across disciplines with expertise in IVIG use were invited to participate in a task force to address the shortage and ensure adequate supply for emergent indications. A tier system of IVIG indications was established according to the severity of diagnosis, urgency of indication, and quality of supporting evidence. Based on inventory, indications in selected tiers were auto‐approved. Orders that could not be automatically approved were escalated for task force review.ResultsOverall, there were 342 distinct requests for IVIG during the study period (August 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019). All Tier 1 indications were approved. Of all requests, only 2.6% (9) of requests were denied, none of which resulted in adverse effects based on retrospective chart review. Seven patients who regularly receive IVIG had possible adverse effects due to dose reduction or spacing of treatment; however, each complication was multifactorial and not attributed to the shortage or tier system implementation alone.ConclusionImplementation of a multidisciplinary task force and tier system to appropriately triage high‐priority indications for limited pharmaceutical agents should be considered in health institutions faced with a drug shortage.
Fetal hyperechoic kidneys: Diagnostic considerations and genetic testing strategies
Authors: Hertenstein Christine B. , Miller Kristen A. , Estroff Judy A. , Blakemore Karin J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIsolated bilateral hyperechoic kidneys (HEK) on prenatal ultrasound presents diagnostic, prognostic, and counseling challenges. Prognosis ranges from normal outcome to lethal postnatally. Presence/absence of extra‐renal malformations, gestational age at presentation, amniotic fluid volume, and renal size may distinguish underlying etiologies and thereby prognosis, as prognosis is highly dependent upon underlying etiology. An underlying genetic diagnosis, clearly impactful, is determined in only 55%–60% of cases. We conducted a literature review of chromosomal (aneuploidies, copy number variants [CNVs]) single genes and other etiologies of fetal bilateral HEK, summarized how this information informs prognosis and recurrence risk, and critically assessed laboratory testing strategies. The most commonly identified etiologies are autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and microdeletions at 17q12 involving HNF1b. With rapid gene discovery, alongside advances in prenatal imaging and fetal phenotyping, the growing list of single gene diagnoses includes ciliopathies, overgrowth syndromes, and renal tubular dysgenesis. At present, microarray and gene panels or whole exome sequencing (WES) are first line tests employed for diagnostic evaluation. Whole genome sequencing (WGS), with the ability to detect both single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and CNVs, would be expected to provide the highest diagnostic yield.
Effects of nanosized organic‐rectorite fillers on the morphologies and properties of PVDF UF membrane
Authors: Gong Wei , He Dongning 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, polyvinylidene fluoride/organic rectorite (PVDF/OREC) organic–inorganic nanocomposite membrane was prepared by phase conversion method. TEM and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results demonstrate the successful fabrication of nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes. When the OREC is less than 3 wt%, the nanosheets are mainly stripped and dispersed in the polymer matrix, with different numbers of intercalations. When the impurity content is 5%, the intercalation distribution dominates. When the impurity content increases to 7% and above, it becomes increasingly difficult for PVDF chain segments to enter the OREC interlayer and the OREC particles are dominated by simple blends on the order of micrometers in the polymer matrix. The inclusion of inorganic fillings significantly improved the mechanical properties of the membrane. The yield strength and tensile modulus of the membrane were increased by 53.7% and 574.9%, respectively, with an inorganic filler content of 5 wt%, while the elongation at the break was slightly decreased to 16.2%. This suggests a strong interaction between the OREC nanosheets and the polymer matrix. XRD and FTIR analyses indicate that OREC particles are effective heterogeneous nucleating agents that favor the formation of β‐phase crystals in the film. SEM surface and cross‐section results show that when joining can significantly reduce the average pore size of the membrane surface, large holes tend to reduce the number of holes in the skin layer distribution more uniformly. The AFM results show that the addition of OREC can significantly alter the surface roughness of ultrafiltered membranes, and that the changes in surface roughness and surface pore morphology of membranes with different clay contents are closely related to the distribution of nanoscale silicate sheets in the PVDF matrix.Highlights
Prepared PVDF/OREC nanocomposite membranes via a phase‐inversion process.
OREC acted as a potent nucleation agent, favoring β crystal formation.
OREC resulted in smaller pore sizes and fewer large pores in the skin layer.
The hydrophilicity of PVDF membranes was reformative by filling OREC.
OREC led to increased water flux and BSA rejection due to pores and hydrophilicity.
Differences in the ecology of witchweed and vampireweed: Implications for rice farming in Africa
Authors: Rodenburg Jonne , Bastiaans Lammert 
Published: January 2024

Societal Impact StatementParasitic weeds in African rice systems threaten household‐level food security and income generation. Most affected farmers are smallholders with limited capacities to address these pests. Obligate parasites Striga asiatica and Striga hermonthica (witchweed) are problematic in rainfed upland rice, affecting approximately 312,000 households. Facultative parasite Rhamphicarpa fistulosa (rice vampireweed) has more recently become problematic in rainfed lowland rice, affecting approximately 133,000 households. A better appreciation of differences in biology, ecology and host–parasite interactions between these weeds, and the implications for species‐specific management, will inform awareness and preparedness among regional actors.
The relationship between HIV‐1 neuroinflammation, neurocognitive impairment and encephalitis pathology: A systematic review of studies investigating post‐mortem brain tissue
Authors: Williams Monray Edward , Naudé Petrus J. W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe activities of HIV‐1 in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for a dysregulated neuroinflammatory response and the subsequent development of HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The use of post‐mortem human brain tissue is pivotal for studying the neuroimmune mechanisms of CNS HIV infection. To date, numerous studies have investigated HIV‐1‐induced neuroinflammation in post‐mortem brain tissue. However, from the commonly investigated studies in this line of research, it is not clear which neuroinflammatory markers are consistently associated with HIV neurocognitive impairment (NCI) and neuropathology (i.e., HIV‐encephalitis, HIVE). Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the association between neuroinflammation and NCI/HIVE from studies investigating post‐mortem brain tissue. Our aim was to synthesise the published data to date to provide commentary on the most noteworthy markers that are associated with NCI/HIVE. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched using a search protocol designed specifically for this study. Sixty‐one studies were included that investigated the levels of inflammatory markers based on their gene and protein expression in association with NCI/HIVE. The findings revealed that the (1) transcript expressions of IL‐1β and TNF‐α were consistently associated with NCI/HIVE, whereas CCL2 and IL‐6 were commonly not associated with NCI/HIVE, (2) protein expressions of CD14, CD16, CD68, Iba‐1, IL‐1β and TNF‐α were consistently associated with NCI/HIVE, while CD45, GFAP, HLA‐DR, IL‐1 and IL‐6 were commonly not associated with NCI/HIVE, and (3) gene and protein expressions of CNS IL‐1β and TNF‐α were consistently associated with NCI/HIVE, while IL‐6 was consistently not associated with NCI/HIVE. These markers highlight the commonly investigated markers in this line of research and elucidates the neuroinflammatory mechanisms in the HIV‐1 brain that are involved in the pathophysiology of NCI/HIVE. These markers and related pathways should be investigated for the development of improved diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics of HAND.
Bilateral Hyperkeratosis of the Nipples and Areolae with Linear Nevus and Acanthosis Nigricans: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Wang Rui-Ni , Zhang Ping-Shun , Zhu Xiao-Fang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Hyperkeratosis of the nipples and areolae (HNA) is an uncommon skin disorder with no definite aetiology. We report a case of a 16-year-old boy, who presented with bilateral pigmentation and thickening of the nipples and areolae, accompanied with linear brown protrusions on the anterior neck and a velvet like appearance with pigmentation on the axillary bilaterlly. Based on clinical and histopathological, and dermatoscopic findings, the diagnosis of bilateral HNA accompanied by linear nevus and acanthosis nigricans was made. The skin lesions were improved by treatment with topical calcipotriol gel.
Post‐migration stress, quality of life, and mental health among accompanied and unaccompanied young refugees in Germany: How do adolescents feel after fleeing?
Authors: Walg Marco , Khatib Anwar , Laufer Avital , Böttche Maria , Maoz‐Dotan Carmel , Hassan Hiam , Hapfelmeier Gerhard , Finkelstein Michal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of post‐migration living difficulties (PMLDs) and quality of life (QoL) on the mental health of 55 young refugees who arrived in Germany either accompanied or unaccompanied. The results reveal that nearly 62% of the participants exhibited clinically significant symptoms of depression or post‐traumatic stress disorder. Regression analyses indicate that psychopathology was associated with being unaccompanied and experiencing lower QoL, while QoL was associated with higher economic status and lower PMLDs. Mediation analysis further demonstrates that higher economic status and reduced PMLDs were associated with higher QoL, which, in turn, correlated with lower levels of psychopathology. These findings emphasise the importance of considering PMLDs and QoL, as well as economic status and being accompanied/unaccompanied, in the assessment and treatment of young refugees in the host country.
The Z‐Scheme MIL‐88B(Fe)/BiOBr Heterojunction Promotes Fe(III)/Fe(II) Cycling and Photocatalytic‐Fenton‐Like Synergistically Enhances the Degradation of Ciprofloxacin
Authors: Liu Tingting , Hu Kaiyue , Li Yansheng , Wang Yanhong , Han Dongmei , Wang Zhihua , Gu Fubo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Z‐scheme MIL‐88B/BiOBr (referred to as MxBy, whereas x and y are the mass of MIL‐88B(Fe) and BiOBr) heterojunction photocatalysts are successfully prepared by a facile ball milling method. By adding low concentration H2O2 under visible light irradiation, the Z‐scheme heterojunction and photocatalytic‐Fenton‐like reaction synergistically enhance the degradation and mineralization of ciprofloxacin (CIP). Among them, M50B150 showed efficient photodegradation efficiency and excellent cycling stability, with 94.6% removal of CIP (10 mg L−1) by M50B150 (0.2 g L−1) under 90 min of visible light. In the MxBy heterojunctions, the rapid transfer of photo‐generated electrons not only directly decomposed H2O2 to generate ·OH, but also improved the cycle of Fe3+/Fe2+ pairs, which facilitated the reaction with H2O2 to generate ·OH and ·O2− radicals. In addition, the effects of photocatalyst dosages, pH of CIP solution, and coexisting substances on CIP removal are systematically investigated. It is found that the photocatalytic‐ Fenton‐like reaction can be carried out at a pH close to neutral conditions. Finally, the charge transfer mechanism of the Z‐scheme is verified by electron spin resonance (ESR) signals. The ecotoxicity of CIP degradation products is estimated by the T.E.S.T tool, indicating that the constructed photocatalysis‐Fenton‐like system is a green wastewater treatment technology.
Manipulation of Conducting Polymer Hydrogels with Different Shapes and Related Multifunctionality
Authors: Huang Hao , Cong Hong‐Tao , Lin Zewen , Liao Longhui , Shuai Chen‐Xi , Qu Nuo , Luo Yujiao , Guo Shengshi , Xu Qing‐Chi , Bai Hua , Jiang Yuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractManeuver of conducting polymers (CPs) into lightweight hydrogels can improve their functional performances in energy devices, chemical sensing, pollutant removal, drug delivery, etc. Current approaches for the manipulation of CP hydrogels are limited, and they are mostly accompanied by harsh conditions, tedious processing, compositing with other constituents, or using unusual chemicals. Herein, a two‐step route is introduced for the controllable fabrication of CP hydrogels in ambient conditions, where gelation of the shape‐anisotropic nano‐oxidants followed by in‐situ oxidative polymerization leads to the formation of polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole hydrogels. The method is readily coupled with different approaches for materials processing of PANI hydrogels into varied shapes, including spherical beads, continuous wires, patterned films, and free‐standing objects. In comparison with their bulky counterparts, lightweight PANI items exhibit improved properties when those with specific shapes are used as electrodes for supercapacitors, gas sensors, or dye adsorbents. The current study therefore provides a general and controllable approach for the implementation of CP into hydrogels of varied external shapes, which can pave the way for the integration of lightweight CP structures with emerging functional devices.
Injectable Ozone‐Rich Nanocomposite Hydrogel Loaded with D‐Mannose for Anti‐Inflammatory and Cartilage Protection in Osteoarthritis Treatment
Authors: Wu Hangtian , Wang Jun , Lin Yanpeng , He Wanling , Hou Jiahui , Deng Mingye , Chen Yupeng , Liu Qinwen , Lu Aiping , Cui Zhuang , Guan Daogang , Yu Bin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a dynamic condition characterized by cartilage damage and synovial inflammation. Ozone (O3) shows potential therapeutic effects owing to its anti‐inflammatory properties; however, its high reactivity and short half‐life substantially limit its effectiveness in OA treatment. In this study, an ozone‐rich thermosensitive nanocomposite hydrogel loaded with D‐mannose is developed for OA treatment. Briefly, O3 is encapsulated in nanoparticles (NPs) composed of perfluorotributylamine and fluorinated hyaluronic acid to improve its stability. Next, D‐mannose is conjugated with α‐amino of the hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) via Schiff base to prepare MHPCH. These nanoparticles are encapsulated in MHPCH to produce O3 NPs@MHPCH. In vitro cell experiments demonstrate that the O3 NPs@MHPCH treatment significantly reduced VEGF and inflammation levels, accompanied by a decrease in inflammatory factors such as IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and iNOS. Furthermore, O3 NPs@MHPCH promotes the expression of collagen II and aggrecan and stimulates chondrocyte proliferation. Additionally, in vivo studies show that O3 NPs@MHPCH significantly alleviated OA by reducing synovial inflammation, cartilage destruction, and subchondral bone remodeling. O3 NPs@MHPCH offers a promising option for improving the efficacy of O3 therapy and reducing the risk of synovial inflammation and cartilage degeneration in OA.
Full‐Spectrum Utilization of ZIF‐67/Ag NPs/NaYF4:Yb,Er Photocatalysts for Efficient Degradation of Sulfadiazine: Upconversion Mechanism and DFT Calculation
Authors: Yang Weijin , Bu Cheng , Zhao Min , Li Yafei , Cui Shihai , Yang Jing , Lian Hongzhen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, novel ternary composite ZIF‐67/Ag NPs/NaYF4:Yb,Er is synthesized by solvothermal method. The photocatalytic activity of the composite is evaluated by sulfadiazine (SDZ) degradation under simulated sunlight. High elimination efficiency of the composite is 95.4% in 180 min with good reusability and stability. The active species (h+, ·O2− and ·OH) are identified. The attack sites and degradation process of SDZ are deeply investigated based on theoretical calculation and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis. The upconversion mechanism study shows that favorable photocatalytic effectiveness is attributed to the full utilization of sunlight through the energy transfer upconversion process and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Additionally, the composite is endowed with outstanding light‐absorbing qualities and effective photogenerated electron–hole pair separation thanks to the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag nanoparticles. This work can motivate further design of novel photocatalysts with upconversion luminescence performance, which are applied to the removal of sulphonamide antibiotics in the environment.