bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges in power scaling of Cr:LiCAF lasers: effect of passive losses
Authors: Erturk Zekican , Kilinc Muharrem , Okuyucu Serdar , Ozturk Yusuf , Demirbas Umit 
Published: January 2024

In this work, we have investigated the continuous-wave (cw) lasing potential of thin slab-shaped Cr:LiCAF crystals with a low chromium doping level of around 1% and various lengths of 1 to 2 cm. These relatively long crystals with low Cr-doping facilitate the distribution of heat load in a larger volume and could enable power scaling of Cr:LiCAF lasers. However, long crystals tend to have larger passive losses, and it is also more challenging to achieve efficient mode-matching to the low-brightness pump mode in a longer gain element, which could hinder laser performance. To explore the issue, we have performed detailed cw lasing experiments in single- and multimode diode-pumped Cr:LiCAF laser systems employing crystals with different doping and length. Our results showed that current state-of-the-art crystal growth methods provide Cr:LiCAF crystals with low enough passive losses to enable cw laser efficiencies of up to 50%, even in these long samples. The pump powers available in this study (5.35 W) limited the cw powers we could achieve experimentally to 2.25 W level; however, our simulations indicate that thin slab-type Cr:LiCAF crystals with low Cr-doping have the potential to achieve cw powers above 10 W level.
Efficient parametric down-conversion by gain-trapped solitons
Authors: Hamrouni Marin , Jankowski Marc , Hwang Alexander Y. , Jornod Nayara , Mishra Jatadhari , Stokowski Hubert S. , McKenna Timothy P. , Langrock Carsten , Südmeyer Thomas , Safavi-Naeini Amir , Fejer Martin M. 
Published: January 2024

Optical parametric amplification is one of the most flexible approaches for generating coherent light at long wavelengths, but typical implementations require prohibitively large pump pulse energies to realize useful amounts of gain. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate an approach to optical parametric amplification in which an interplay between parametric gain and symmetric temporal walk-off confines the non-degenerate signal and idler to form a three-wave soliton. Gain-trapped solitons propagate stably over arbitrarily long interaction lengths, which reduces the energy required for high-gain operation by orders of magnitude. The devices demonstrated here realize large parametric gains (>70dB) with only picojoules of pump pulse energy in a 5-mm-long thin-film lithium niobate on sapphire nanowaveguide. In addition, we observe an array of desirable features including high conversion efficiencies (>50%), wide tuning ranges (>100nm), and broad spectral bandwidths (>180nm 3 dB for the 3200-nm idler). When combined with the dispersion engineering available in tightly confining nanowaveguides, this approach enables high-gain optical parametric amplifiers operating at any wavelength.
Association between water insecurity and antiretroviral therapy adherence among pregnant and postpartum women in Greater Accra region of Ghana
Authors: Nutor Jerry John , Okiring Jaffer , Yeboah Isaac , Thompson Rachel G. A. , Agbadi Pascal , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Getahun Monica , Agbadi Wisdom , Hoffmann Thomas J. , Weiser Sheri D. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) can substantially reduce morbidity and mortality among women living with HIV (WLWH) and prevent vertical transmission of HIV. However, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), more than 50% of new mothers discontinue ART and HIV care after childbirth. The role of water insecurity (WI) in ART adherence is not well-explored. We examined the relationship between WI and ART adherence among pregnant and postpartum WLWH in Greater Accra region of Ghana.

Methods
Using a cross-sectional survey, we recruited 176 pregnant and postpartum WLWH on ART across 11 health facilities. We examined the association between WI (measured using the Household Water Insecurity Experience Scale, and categorized as moderate and severe WI compard to low WI) and poor ART adherence (defined as scoring a below average observed CASE index score). Bivariate analysis was performed using chi-square test followed by multivariate logistic regression models. We included all variables with p-values less than 0.20 in the multivariate analysis.

Results
Most (79.5%) of the pregnant and postpartum WLWH enrolled on ART, were urban residents. Over 2/3 were aged 30 years and older. Overall, 33.5% of respondents had poor ART adherence. Proportion of poor ART adherence was 19.4% among those with low WI, 44.4% in those with moderate WI, and 40.0% among those with high WI. Respondents with moderate household water insecurity had a greater odds of reporting poor ART adherence, as compared to those with low water insecurity (adjusted Odds ratio (aOR) = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.14–6.66, p = 0.024), even after adjusting for food insecurity. Similarly, respondents with high WI had a greater odds of reporting poor ART adherence, as compared to those with low water insecurity (aOR = 1.49, 95%CI: 0.50–4.48, p = 0.479), even after adjusting for food insecurity.

Conclusion
Water insecurity is prevalent among pregnant and postpartum WLWH and is a significant risk factor for poor ART adherence. Governments and other stakeholders working in HIV care provision should prioritize water security programming for WLWH along the HIV care continuum.
First record of a cylindrical Dipterocladia (Ceramiales, Delesseriaceae), D. cylindrica sp. nov., from Korea based on morphological and molecular analyses
Authors: Kang Jeong Chan , Yang Mi Yeon , Oh Yeo Kyeong , Kim Myung Sook 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We describe a new species, Dipterocladia cylindrica, found in the subtidal zone of the eastern and southern coasts of Korea. This species has cylindrical branches with numerous sub-dichotomously branching monosiphonous determinate branchlets without adventitious filaments, heavy cortication throughout the thallus, and alternating clockwise periaxial cell formation. The external features of the new species are closer to those of the genus Dasya than to those of Dipterocladia, which have flattened thalli with pairwise distichously arranged monosiphonous pseudolateral and polysiphonous determinate laterals. However, based on the combined results of plastid rbcL and mitochondrial COI–5P sequences, the molecular phylogenetic relationships clearly indicate that our specimens belong to the genus Dipterocladia. We also detected more meaningful morphological characters for delineating the genus within the subfamily Dasyoideae by comparing the morphology and phylogeny, but we could not find unique characters for each clade. Further studies based on reproductive morphology and molecular phylogeny for delimiting the generic boundaries are needed.
Alternations (at) that time: NP versus PP time adjuncts in the history of English
Authors: Zehentner Eva 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The present paper investigates variation between nominal and prepositional adjuncts of time as in, for example, [on] that day, they left. The main goals are (i) to assess potential changes in the distribution of these variants in the history of English, specifically from Middle English to Late Modern English (1150–1914), and (ii) to test which factors most strongly impact the choice between the two variants, with a focus on the impact of different complexity measures. To address these questions, the paper makes use of data from the Penn-Helsinki Parsed Corpora of Historical English (PPCME2; PPCEME; PPCMBE), explored by means of logistic regression modelling. The results suggest that there is no dramatic, sweeping change in this abstract alternation over time, but that this variation may mainly plays out on lower, noun-specific levels.
The structure fault tolerance of burnt pancake networks
Authors: Ge Huifen , Ye Chengfu , Zhang Shumin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
One of the symbolic parameters to measure the fault tolerance of a network is its connectivity. The

H

H

-structure connectivity and

H

H

-substructure connectivity extend the classical connectivity and are more practical. For a graph

G

G

and its connected subgraph

H

H

, the

H

H

-structure connectivity

κ

(

G
;

H

)

\kappa \left(G;\hspace{0.33em}H)

(resp.

H

H

-substructure connectivity

κ

s

(

G
;

H

)

{\kappa }^{s}\left(G;\hspace{0.33em}H)

) of

G

G

is the cardinality of a minimum subgraph set such that every element of the set is isomorphic to

H

H

(resp. every element of the set is isomorphic to a connected subgraph of

H

H

) in

G

G

, whose vertices removal disconnects

G

G

. In this article, we investigate the

H

H

-structure connectivity and

H

H

-substructure connectivity of the

n

n

-dimensional burnt pancake network

BP

n

{{\rm{BP}}}_{n}

for each

H
∈

{

K

1

,

K

1
,
1

,

…

,

K

1
,
n
−
1

,

P

4

,

…

,

P

7

,

C

8

}

H\in \left\{{K}_{1},{K}_{1,1},\ldots ,{K}_{1,n-1},{P}_{4},\ldots ,{P}_{7},{C}_{8}\right\}

.
Average value of the divisor class numbers of real cubic function fields
Authors: Lee Yoonjin , Lee Jungyun , Yoo Jinjoo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We compute an asymptotic formula for the divisor class numbers of real cubic function fields

K

m

=
k

(

m

3

)

{K}_{m}=k\left(\sqrt[3]{m})

, where

F

q

{{\mathbb{F}}}_{q}

is a finite field with

q

q

elements,

q
≡
1

(

mod

3

)

q\equiv 1\hspace{0.3em}\left(\mathrm{mod}\hspace{0.3em}3)

,

k
≔

F

q

(

T

)

k:= {{\mathbb{F}}}_{q}\left(T)

is the rational function field, and

m
∈

F

q

[

T

]

m\in {{\mathbb{F}}}_{q}\left[T]

is a cube-free polynomial; in this case, the degree of

m

m

is divisible by 3. For computation of our asymptotic formula, we find the average value of

∣
L

(

s
,
χ

)

∣

2

{| L\left(s,\chi )| }^{2}

evaluated at

s
=
1

s=1

when

χ

\chi

goes through the primitive cubic even Dirichlet characters of

F

q

[

T

]

{{\mathbb{F}}}_{q}\left[T]

, where

L

(

s
,
χ

)

L\left(s,\chi )

is the associated Dirichlet

L

L

-function.
Some estimates for commutators of sharp maximal function on the p-adic Lebesgue spaces
Authors: Wu Jianglong , Chang Yunpeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this article, the main aim is to consider the boundedness of the nonlinear commutator of

p

p

-adic sharp maximal operator

ℳ

p

♯

{{\mathcal{ {\mathcal M} }}}_{p}^{\sharp }

with symbols belonging to the

p

p

-adic Lipschitz spaces in the context of the

p

p

-adic version of (variable) Lebesgue spaces, by which some new characterizations of the Lipschitz spaces are obtained in the

p

p

-adic field context.
User independent tool for the analysis of data from tensile testing for database systems
Authors: Babaei Nima , Wang Jing , Kisseler Elisabeth , Ackermann Marc , Wipp Sebastian , Gramlich Alexander , Krupp Ulrich 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Data streams in science and economy are becoming increasingly automatized. This has various advantages compared to previous, user-dependent analyses, in which the same results are analyzed differently by different persons. Even though these differences are only of a certain degree, they can lead to false estimations of underlying material and process parameters as well as to missing comparability. In order to automatize previously user-dependent processes in the analysis of material tests, a modular database management system, called idCarl, has been developed. This system places a module as analysis pipeline between the experimental machine and the database. The database management system can be expanded with diverse modules, enabling the generation of user-independent data, which are fed automatically into the database. To provide an example, a module is applied to the common procedure of tensile testing based on DIN EN ISO 6892 and CWA 15261-2. The module determines automatically Young’s modulus and other parameters derived thereof. The method for determining the measurement uncertainties of the Young’s modulus is improved and compatibility with the “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement” (GUM) is achieved. The existing method in ISO and CWA standards provides in some cases an underestimation of about 112 %.
The S1 subunits of SARS-CoV-2 variants differentially trigger the IL-6 signaling pathway in human brain endothelial cells and downstream impact on microglia activation
Authors: Stangis Michael , Adesse Daniel , Sharma Bhavya , Castro Eduardo , Kumar Kush , Kumar Neil , Minevich Masha , Toborek Michal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Cerebrovascular complications are prevalent in COVID-19 infection and post-COVID conditions; therefore, interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with cerebral microvascular cells became an emerging concern.

Methods
We examined the inflammatory responses of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC), the main structural element of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), following exposure to the S1 subunit of the spike protein of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Specifically, we used the S1 subunit derived from the D614 variant of SARS-CoV-2, which started widely circulating in March of 2020, and from the Delta variant, which started widely circulating in early 2021. We then further examined the impact of the HBMEC secretome, produced in response to the S1 exposure, on microglial proinflammatory responses.

Results
Treatment with S1 derived from the D614 variant and from the Delta variant resulted in differential alterations of the IL-6 signaling pathway. Moreover, the HBMEC secretome obtained after exposure to the S1 subunit of the D614 variant activated STAT3 in microglial cells, indicating that proinflammatory signals from endothelial cells can propagate to other cells of the neurovascular unit. Overall, these results indicate the potential for different SARS-CoV-2 variants to induce unique cellular signatures and warrant individualized treatment strategies. The findings from this study also bring further awareness to proinflammatory responses involving brain microvasculature in COVID-19 and demonstrate how the surrounding microglia react to each unique variant derived response.
Micropolar flow and heat transfer within a permeable channel using the successive linearization method
Authors: Abdalbagi Mohammed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This research investigates the flow of micropolar fluid and heat transfer through a permeable channel using the successive linearization method (SLM). The study considers parameters such as coupling, spin-gradient viscosity, and micro-inertia density. The partial differential equations involved are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using similarity variables. The resulting nonlinear equations are solved using the SLM technique, and their accuracy and computational efficiency are validated through comparative analysis with previous results. The study shows that increasing the parameters of coupling and spin-gradient viscosity has a positive impact on fluid flow, microrotation, heat transfer, and mass transport, as demonstrated by the increased dimensionless profiles. Conversely, an increase in the micro-inertia density parameter leads to a reduction in these profiles. This decrease can be attributed to the increase in the micro-inertia effect of fluid flow and heat transfer, resulting in a decrease in convection and a change in the flow pattern in the channel. Additionally, higher Reynolds numbers are associated with decreases in velocity, microrotation, temperature, and concentration distribution. This implies a reduction in fluid flow intensity, weaker heat transfer, and decreased mass transport. However, an increased Peclet number results in increased fluid temperature and concentration profiles, indicating enhanced thermal convection and mass transport. These findings have significant implications for applications involving micropolar fluids, such as lubrication systems, blood flow, microchannels, and filtration systems.
An overview on trehalolipids: a promising eco-friendly bio-surfactant
Authors: Khandare Vinayak C. , Madankar Chandu S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Amphiphilic surfactants, which are currently used mainly for cleaning purposes, are produced in large quantities from petroleum, but are often harmful to the environment and poorly biodegradable. Therefore, the importance of environmentally friendly, non-toxic and skin-friendly biosurfactants is increasing. Different types of biosurfactants exist depending on their molecular structure. Trehalolipids belong to the low molecular weight glycolipids. Compared to other microbial glycolipids, they often show different properties and performances, including inhibition and enhancement of biodegradation rates. Optimisation of their production and downstream processing is one of the major obstacles to the potential use of trehaloselipids in a range of applications. This review provides an overview of different substrates and microorganisms used for trehalose lipid production, as well as various applications in bioremediation, biomedicine and microbial enhanced oil recovery.
KKV specifikus HR auditálás egy HR szolgáltató szervezetnél - Egy pilot kutatás tapasztalatai
Authors: Török-Kmoskó Judit , Dajnoki Krisztina 
Published: January 2024

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
Célunk egy HR szolgáltató által létrehozott újszerű, KKV specifikus audit módszer sajátosságainak feltárása. A tanulmányban választ keresünk arra, hogy ez az innovatív módszer alkalmas-e annak a kérdésnek a megválaszolására, hogy a KKV szervezeteknek mely HR területeiket érdemes kiszervezniük külsős HR szolgáltatóhoz.
ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
A HR támogatás és kiszervezés vizsgálatát hazai és nemzetközi szakirodalom elemzésre, valamint további szekunder kutatásra alapoztuk és dokumentumelemzésen alapuló esettanulmányt készítettünk. Jelen értelmezésben az esettanulmány azt jelenti, hogy az auditot végző HR szakértők dokumentumelemzést hajtottak végre, melyet esettanulmány módszerrel vizsgálva részletes betekintést kaptunk egy valós, KKV szektorban működő szolgáltató szervezet gyakorlataiba. A vizsgálatot HR szakértőkkel végzett strukturált interjúkkal egészítettük ki, valamint visszamérési céllal interjút készítettünk a KKV első számú vezetőjével is.
LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK
Az eredmények alapján az audit alkalmasnak bizonyult arra, hogy a KKV döntést hozzon a HR tevékenységek kiszervezése terén, optimalizálva ezzel az erőforrások felhasználását. A módszer segítséget nyújtott a jelenlegi HR gyakorlatok feltárásában és a hatékonyabb erőforrás felhasználást célzó döntések meghozatalában.
A HR audit módszer alkalmazása a KKV szektorban viszonylag új téma, amely relatíve alulreprezentált a hazai szakirodalomban. Ez a tény önmagában is indokolja annak jelentőségét. A HR funkciók kiszervezése és a humán erőforrások hatékony kezelése mindig is kiemelt jelentőséggel bírt a vállalkozások számára, azonban az átfogó módszerek és eszközök hiánya korlátozták a hatékony döntéshozatalt.
GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK
A tanulmány összeállításkor arra törekedtünk, hogy új perspektívákat nyújtsunk a KKV-k számára a HR gyakorlatok fejlesztésére és a kiszervezési döntések meghozatalára. Az általunk ismertetett HR audit módszer innovatív megközelítést képvisel, amely egyfajta döntéstámogató jelleggel segítséget nyújt a KKV szektorban a hatékony emberi erőforrás gazdálkodásban, illetve annak kiszervezésében és ezáltal a versenyképességük javításában.
Real-world clinical profile, RET mutation testing, treatments and patient-related outcomes for medullary thyroid cancer in Europe
Authors: Segall Grace , Singh Ravinder , Jen Min-Hua , Sanderson Isaac , Rider Alex , Lewis Katie , Kiiskinen Urpo 
Published: January 2024

Objective
This study aimed to describe real-world patient and physician characteristics, rearranged during transfection (RET) mutation testing and results, treatment patterns and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (aMTC) across five populous European countries.

Methods
Cross-sectional physician and patient surveys were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK from July to December 2020, prior to the introduction of selective RET inhibitors in Europe. Physicians completed patient record forms and a survey about their specialty and practice site. Patients were asked to provide PRO data using four validated instruments, including the EuroQol 5 Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire.

Results
The physician-reported sample included 275 patients with aMTC, including 79 patients with RET mutation-positive disease; median age was 60 and 56 years, respectively. Overall, 75% were tested for RET mutation (35% germline only, 21% somatic only and 44% both). Common physician-cited barriers to RET mutation testing included high cost, difficulty accessing the latest tests and time delay for results. First-line systemic therapy (most commonly vandetanib or cabozantinib) was prescribed for 69% of patients overall and 82% of the RET mutation-positive subgroup. Second-line therapy was prescribed for 12% of patients who received first-line therapy; most patients remained on first-line therapy at data capture. PROs revealed a substantial disease/treatment burden.

Conclusion
Patients with aMTC report a substantial disease/treatment burden. Outcomes could be improved by identifying patients eligible for treatment with selective RET inhibitors through more optimal RET mutation testing.
ГОЛОД ЯК ВИПРОБУВАННЯ НА ДУХОВНІСТЬ: НАРАТИВНІ Й РЕЦЕПТИВНІ СТРАТЕГІЇ В ОПОВІДАННЯХ В.ПІДМОГИЛЬНОГО «СОБАКА»ТА «ПРОБЛЕМА ХЛІБА»
Authors: Кропивко І. , Буділова О. 
Published: January 2024

Резюме
Постановка проблеми. Мала проза українського письменника-модерніста В. Підмогильного демонструє його пошуки художніх прийомів, спрямованих на виведення естетичної комунікації між автором і читачем на новий рівень. Тексти автора прості й складні одночасно. Вони захоплюють як непідготовленого, так і фахового читача своєю виразністю, поліфонічністю, неоднозначністю інтер-претації. Зокрема, оповідання «Собака» і «Проблема хліба» є благодатним матеріа-лом для зіставлення з огляду на спільну проблематику (голод як випробування на духовність), однаковий типаж головного героя (перспективний студент) та відмінні текстуальні стратегії.
Мета статті – увиразнити рецептивні й наративні стратегії в опові-даннях В. Підмогильного «Собака» і «Проблема хліба».
Методи дослідження. Базові: методи наратології та рецептивної естетики. Додаткові: методики культурологічного та соціологічного аналізу.
Основні результати дослідження. Обидва оповідання не дають однозначної відповіді на центральне питання, до якого підштовхує читача його бажання «завершити» сюжет: яким буде фінал випробування голодом, чи зможе людина знову сповідувати вищі цінності, якщо за стабільних умов існування своїм пріоритетом вона вважала духовний розвиток, а в кризових умовах голодування пішла на злочин? У текстах відчутна авторська стратегія, спрямована не на пошук відповідей на ключові питання сучасності чи причин трагічних подій, а на увиразнення усвідомлених і неусвідомлених людиною власних психічних процесів. Для цього письменник обирає центральними персонажами молодих людей, знайомих із провідними філософськими течіями та здатних до самоаналізу. В оповіданні «Проблема хліба» використано я-нарацію з щоденниковим принципом оповіді. Оповідання «Собака» сфокалізовано на внутрішньому світі персонажа. Суб’єктивність ракурсу зображення поєднано з протокольною точністю фіксації емоційних, мисленнєвих і фізіологічних реакцій персонажів.
Висновки і перспективи. Концепція оповідань В. Підмогильного «Проблема хліба» та «Собака» як текстів, відкритих для фахової рецепції та смислової інтерпретації, є новаторством письменника. Автор вибудовує тексти в такий спосіб, щоб спонукати читача самому ставити запитання й шукати на них відповіді. Залежно від інтерпретативного вектору композицію текстів та їхню жанрову специфіку можна потрактувати по-різному. У текстах В. Підмогильного екзистен-ційні домінанти особистості проходять перевірку фізіологічним буттям та втілені завдяки мімезису тілесного досвіду персонажа. Мала проза письменника становить продуктивний матеріал для подальшого аналізу з позицій соціології літератури.