bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arachnoid webs with spinal cord compression: insights from three cases
Authors: Derouen Kaleb , Shelvin Kierany B , Payton Tayler , Crabill George A , Wilson John M , Tender Gabriel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Spinal arachnoid webs are intradural bands of abnormally formed arachnoid tissue, located within the subarachnoid space and causing compression of the dorsal aspect of the spinal cord. Arachnoid webs are uncommon and can be difficult to treat. We report 3 patients presenting with a spinal arachnoid web within a 6-month period. All of them exhibited signs of thoracic myelopathy and the MRI showed the pathognomonic ‘scalpel sign’. Two of the patients underwent surgery for removal of their spinal arachnoid web, whereas the third patient case is currently being managed conservatively. We also present our 2D intraoperative video for arachnoid web removal and spinal cord decompression.
Laparoscopic repair of internal hernia in one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB): a case report
Authors: Al-Mulla Ahmad Essam , Elgazzar Mohamed , Shalaby Omar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), considered an alternative to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, is becoming an increasingly common procedure. It shows excellent results in terms of weight reduction and remission of metabolic disease. Among the advantages of OAGB is the lack of internal hernia due to the absence of jejuno-jejunal anastomosis. However, internal herniation in OAGB is not impossible, and multiple cases have been mentioned in the literature. We describe a laparoscopic revisional surgery of internal hernia in a patient with a 2-month history of OAGB.
Intrinsically disordered regions of the Msn2 transcription factor encode multiple functions using interwoven sequence grammars
Authors: Mindel Vladimir , Brodsky Sagie , Cohen Aileen , Manadre Wajd , Jonas Felix , Carmi Miri , Barkai Naama 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are abundant in eukaryotic proteins, but their sequence-function relationship remains poorly understood. IDRs of transcription factors (TFs) can direct promoter selection and recruit coactivators, as shown for the budding yeast TF Msn2. To examine how IDRs encode both these functions, we compared genomic binding specificity, coactivator recruitment, and gene induction amongst a large set of designed Msn2-IDR mutants. We find that both functions depend on multiple regions across the &gt; 600AA IDR. Yet, transcription activity was readily disrupted by mutations that showed no effect on the Msn2 binding specificity. Our data attribute this differential sensitivity to the integration of a relaxed, composition-based code directing binding specificity with a more stringent, motif-based code controlling the recruitment of coactivators and transcription activity. Therefore, Msn2 utilizes interwoven sequence grammars for encoding multiple functions, suggesting a new IDR design paradigm of potentially general use.
Exporters under foreign heat
Authors: Nedoncelle Clément 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this article, I estimate the effect of foreign weather shocks on firm-level exports, exploiting the French firm-level customs data from 1995 to 2009. I find support for a small, negative impact of foreign temperatures on average but estimate a robust and strong differential effect across exporters, leading to composition changes. Larger firms are more negatively harmed by foreign weather shocks than small exporters. Regarding mechanisms, demand-side mechanisms (such as import demand changes) are mainly at play, whereas I find no evidence for supply-side (competition) mechanisms.
Turn to Kitsch
Authors: Gabrillo James 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
During the 1990s, the variety television program Eat Bulaga! became a prime figure behind the arrangement of a kitsch musical and popular culture in the Philippines. The show developed a novel style that foregrounded parodic spectacle and mimicry, while adopting varieties of musical and presentational qualities from local and foreign traditions. Presented on a nationwide platform of broadcast television, Eat Bulaga! and its subsequent mass popularity influenced the creation and programming of other local musical shows, effectively establishing a template for cultural spectacles driven by comical song and dance. Its enduring presence on television until today—and the comings-and-goings of performances and products that continue in their emulation of the program’s aesthetic, tonal, and thematic strategies—manifests the significant role that musical performance plays in Filipino culture and to the audiences sustaining their support.
Murder, She Arranged
Authors: Steigerwald Ille Megan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter questions how contemporary arrangements of canonic operas might subvert pervasive notions of Werktreue (faithfulness to the original) that exist for even twenty-first century performers. Drawing on ethnographic research completed in 2016 at the Banff Centre, this chapter examines the rehearsals and performances of No One’s Safe, a workshop production created by Canadian director Joel Ivany, which combines a new English libretto with arias and ensembles chosen from Mozart’s Le Nozze di Figaro, Don Giovanni, and Cosi fan Tutte to depict a whodunit following a murder. The chapter argues that this work demonstrates how experimental arrangements might allow performers to decontextualize the performance of Mozart from both the operatic canon and institutionalized hierarchies of performance. Simultaneously, No One’s Safe also reveals the pervasive ways in which the ghost of Mozart—and correspondingly, “his” authority—haunts even performances that seek to move beyond traditional conventions of the operatic stage.
Gardens and Human Flourishing
Authors: Stuart-Smith Sue 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Gardening is unique amongst the creative therapies in drawing on the power of nature’s growth and in the extent to which it brings together the emotional, physical, social, vocational, and spiritual aspects of life. This chapter presents key findings described in my book, The well gardened mind: rediscovering nature in the modern world (2020). There is first an overview of the history of horticulture as a health intervention in Western culture, including the medieval monastic gardens and the rehabilitation gardens for ex-servicemen that were established following both world wars, as well as recent models of Green Care and Social Prescribing. The chapter then examines how gardens offer an aesthetic experience that involves all the senses and explores how, through gardening people can experience themselves as empowered and creative. In addition, deep existential meanings can emerge through working with the cycle of life in the garden.
Ethnography
Authors: Pachirat Timothy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Riffing on a poem by Zbigniew Herbert, I posit ethnography as a “fifth-stanza method” with two movements. First, the translation of worlds into words through ethnography’s modes of access, modes of analysis, and finished forms. Second, the often violent turning back of ethnographic words into worlds via the conscription of ethnographic knowledge by those in power. Ethnography foregrounds questions about the ethics and politics of knowledge creation that also apply to other social science research methods and that invite further reflection on academia’s fundamentalist faith in the generation of knowledge as a good in its own right.
Research Design and Personal Identity
Authors: Özçelik Ezgi , Sumner Jane L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The core components of research design, as set out by King, Keohane, and Verba (1994), have remained largely unchanged for two decades. Yet in recent years more attention has been paid to the ways that individual identity shapes the steps of research design and therefore the final research product. This chapter discusses the ways this occurs and provides some explanations for why they occur. It concludes by discussing why failing to recognize and accommodate how individual identity shapes the research design process—in other words, enforcing homogeneity—can be bad for researchers as well as for political science as a whole.
The Ethics of Research with Human Participants and the Value of Reflexive Openness
Authors: MacLean Lauren M. , Posner Elliot , Thomson Susan , Wood Elisabeth Jean 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses the implications of giving primacy to the ethical treatment of human participants for empirical research in the social sciences. It advances a broad and distinct approach of “reflexive openness” that incorporates sustained reflection on the ethics of research practices. Drawing on the literature, the Qualitative Transparency Deliberation process, and the authors’ decades of experience in varied subfields, empirical contexts, and methodologies, the chapter systematically evaluates the risks, dilemmas, and consequences of a narrower notion of research transparency as compared to the reflexive openness approach. It argues that a shift to this approach yields great potential benefits and should be the foundation of research methods and practices. In conclusion, the chapter urges political scientists to strengthen such ethical commitments across disciplinary institutions including departments, professional associations, and journals. The lives and livelihoods of the subjects are at stake, as are the prospects for an engaged methodological pluralism that fosters multiple and diverse perspectives.
Harnessing the Power of Combined Methods
Authors: Darmofal David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Spatial analysis, network analysis, and event history analysis each seek to model dependent data. To date, however, integration of these three modeling approaches has been much too limited. Spatial and network analyses, in particular, have developed along separate tracks, but each’s integration with event history analysis has also been more limited than necessary and the synthesis of the three has been particularly limited. In this chapter I examine these modeling approaches, areas of divergence and of potential integration, and a potentially fruitful modeling approach that can integrate the three approaches and simultaneously account for spatial dependence, network features, and event occurrence.
The Global Expansion of Judicial Power
Authors: Hirschl Ran 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The global expansion of judicial power is one of the most significant developments in late-twentieth and early twenty-first-century government. Scholars have identified this trend as the ‘judicialization of politics’, ‘governing with judges’, and ‘juristocracy’, conceptualizing judges as ‘legislators in robes’ and suggesting that our time may well be defined as the ‘Judicial Era’. This chapter focuses on three key aspects of this trend: (i) the dramatic increase in the number and types of national and transnational courts and tribunals; (ii) the ever-growing significance of courts and judges in determining political and policy-making outcomes worldwide; and (iii) criticism of, resistance to, and occasional backlash against expanded judicial power. It concludes by suggesting that from epistemological and methodological standpoints, the global expansion of judicial power provides new opportunities to develop and test arguments concerning judicial behaviour across time and place. The rise of law, courts, and judges as critical forces in comparative and world politics further suggests that politics and law are becoming increasingly intertwined domains, affecting each other in intricate ways that are seldom acknowledged by doctrinal analyses. Consequently, traditional disciplinary boundaries between the study of law and politics become increasingly difficult to sustain.
Strategic Analysis
Authors: Dothan Shai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Many scholars have investigated the role of judges and courts as strategic actors. At least in some cases, strategists deviate from the sincere manifestation of their policy views to reach better results considering the expected reactions of other actors. The strategic analysis of judicial behaviour can throw light on actions that are not properly explained by competing models. This chapter will review the definition of strategic analysis, the challenges in proving this form of behaviour, and the types of strategies examined by the literature in law and political science. The chapter distinguishes between strategies of judges and of courts and between strategies that are focused on the short term—one judgement and its aftermath—and on the long term.
Circuits of Knowledge of Tropical Commodities
Authors: Fernández-Prieto Leida 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the role of knowledge circuits as a category of analysis in the techno-scientific developments of tropical products within the history of science and environmental and commodity histories. It uses the terms ‘domestic knowledge circuits’ and ‘tropical scientific knowledge’ to understand the intimate connection between the advances of science and the clearly practical and productivist objectives of knowledge applied to basic goods. This suggests complex and changing dynamics within the chain and life cycle of goods and illustrates areas of encounter, negotiation, and hybridity in the production and circulation of knowledge. This is exemplified with a case study of the control and eradication of the sugar cane mosaic virus in Cuba and Puerto Rico, highlighting the necessary interconnections between local and global strategies for the generation of new scientific knowledge. The chapter concludes with suggestions as to how such analytical frameworks may further research into the knowledge circuits of commodities.
Land-Rights Commodification
Authors: Cottyn Hanne 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
At the start of the twenty-first century, rural communities and the struggles over their lands are back on the global development and research agenda. This chapter historicizes processes of land-rights commodification and related transformations and conflicts in rural communities. What appears to be a universal experience in fact differed wildly over time and space. The chapter presents a theoretical discussion of the emergence of a modern land-rights regime and its disputed relation to a multiplicity of parallel existing land-rights regimes. It traces a global and uneven trajectory of land-rights commodification that intensified from the nineteenth century on. Drawing from empirical research on Andean communities, it illustrates how rural trajectories that have remained outside the scope of privatization are the outcome of dynamic negotiations over expanding commodity relations. The chapter closes with a historical perspective to the ongoing global land rush.
Introduction
Authors: Curry-Machado Jonathan , Stubbs Jean 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Commodities provide a lens through which local and global histories can be understood and written, following these goods as they make their way from land and water, through processing and trade, to eventual consumption. Commodity history is a fast-developing field, with collaborative, comparative, and interdisciplinary research, using new information technologies, becoming increasingly important. Although many individual researchers continue to focus on particular commodities and regions, they often do so in projects with others working on different commodities and regions and employing a range of theoretical and methodological approaches, placing commodity history at the forefront of local and global historical analysis. This has shaped the editors’ approach to the Handbook, with contributions by scholars involved in these developments in a range of countries and linguistic regions, who here discuss the state of the art in their field, draw on their own work, and signal lacunae for future research.
Anti-Commodities Revisited
Authors: Hazareesingh Sandip , Maat Harro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the use and relevance of the concept of anti-commodity originally devised to highlight how local cultures of crop cultivation in societies under colonial rule functioned as forms of resistance to the attempted imposition of regimes of commercial agriculture. It argues that the concept remains particularly fruitful in the context of local small-farmer strategies and cultural choices around food crop cultivation and consumption. Anti-commodity defines and reveals alternative farmer value systems and cultivating practices to ongoing profit-oriented processes of commodification of food systems. The chapter outlines two research-based case studies, concretely illustrating diverse modes of counter-hegemonic food culture. One study is set in the colonial past, the other in the post-colonial present, suggesting that anti-commodity practices remain an important story to be told and heard not only about peasant pasts but also about farmer counter-movements in the contemporary world.
Futures Trading and German Agricultural Markets
Authors: Engel Alexander 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, in a general acceleration of trade, the circulation of information began to outpace that of goods. Commodities became sold while still on their way: forward contracting made trading more abstract and speculative, and the standardisation of this at mid-nineteenth century commodity exchanges created a new mercantile practice—futures trading. This chapter provides an overview of the historiography relating to futures markets. Historical studies have focused in particular on the roots of the practice, the peculiar nature and functional role of commodity futures exchanges, and cultures of risk and speculation. The chapter continues with the illustrative case of the history of German futures markets for agricultural goods, during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It concludes with a consideration of inter-cultural differences in conceptualizing futures trading in commodities, and of the prospects for further research into its transnational history.
Knives, Vendettas, Bifurcations
Authors: Pimentel Pinto Júlio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Detective fiction appears in Borges’s work in several ways: in the reading experience; in his activities as an editor, anthologist, and reviewer; and in the formulation of a set of rules and characterizations of the genre. It is present in his own work as well as in his work in collaboration with Adolfo Bioy Casares. Borges identified the general origins of detective fiction then dismantled and reconstructed them, transforming the usual searches for clues and deciphering of mysteries into a rigorous textual geometry. His enigmas take the form of theoretical discussions about the literary craft, the dilemmas of time and temporality, and the dialogue between fiction and history. Contrary to the construction of literary formulas, which certain critics tend to associate with the history of the genre, stories such as “Hombre de la esquina rosada” [Man on Pink Corner], “El jardín de senderos que se bifurcan” [The Garden of Forking Paths], “Emma Zunz,” “La muerte y la brújula” [Death and the Compass], and “Abenjacán el Bojarí, muerto en su laberinto” [Ibn Hakkan al-Bokhari, Dead in His Labyrinth], among others, are not limited to the mere identification of a murderer or the motive of a crime; they go beyond the confines of the genre and suggest a theoretical understanding of fiction as a rereading and rational construction—simultaneously historical and imaginative—of the world.
Transitional Justice in Latin America
Authors: Roht-Arriaza Naomi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter looks into transitional justice within Latin America. It mentions how limitations of transitional justice are apparent in the pervasive and destabilizing grand corruption and the continuing exclusionary and dysfunctional politics in the regions. Transitional justice techniques have proven helpless against rising crime of various varieties that make the region the most violent in the world. The chapter cites that grand corruptions and human rights violations went hand-in-hand across the continent. It explains how transitional justice in the region differs from other places because of the severe time lag between the underlying events and the implementation of transitional justice mechanisms.
Transitional Justice in the Ancient World
Authors: Lanni Adriaan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The ancient Athenian democracy provides our first richly documented example of a self-conscious transitional justice policy. This chapter explores the classical Athenians’ complex response to the atrocities committed during the reign of the Thirty Tyrants at the end of the fifth century BCE. Following the return of the democracy, the Athenians carefully balanced retribution and forgiveness: an amnesty protected collaborators from direct prosecution, but in practice private citizens could indirectly sanction even low-level oligarchic sympathizers by raising their collaboration as character evidence in unrelated lawsuits. They also balanced remembering and forgetting: discussion of the civil war in the courts memorialized the atrocities committed during the tyranny but also whitewashed the widespread collaboration by ordinary citizens, falsely depicting the populace as members of the democratic resistance.
The Record as Command
Authors: Lowry James 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Records are imbued with and imbue power: all archives therefore hold power. This chapter argues that State records are material instantiations of commands and other illocutionary speech acts that create a dialogical but asymmetrical power dynamic between state and subject. The ‘record-as-command’ is a form of disciplinary writing through which states govern at a distance, coding persons, places, and actions into data points that can be counted and policed. Records therefore represent power, but they also manufacture it. Data-as-command is the increasingly granular, digitized, and automated extension of this phenomenon. The record-as-command and data-as-command work through the apparatus of bureaucracy, which is a supersubject composed of and always entangling new subjects. Through Rancière’s notions of dissensus and impertinent dialectics, this chapter suggests that critical participation in record-making, and information system design, can counteract power asymmetry.
Archives, Art, and the Performativity of Practice
Authors: Birkin Jane 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter considers how performative (rules-driven) methodologies and modalities are common to both archival and artistic practices, and it deliberates the relationship between work and art that follows from this. Although techniques of recordkeeping and documentation are routine inside the archive, they may appear radical when brought into art practice. This radicalization follows the Duchampian model of the ‘readymade’: the shift from a familiar to an unfamiliar context. Although the debate here lies outside conventional archive theory and art criticism, it is pertinent to both archives and art. Additionally, whilst archival thinking has informed the art practices discussed here (both text—and image-based), it is hoped that consideration of such practices may be thought provoking and constructive when taken back into the archive. The themes of performativity, labour, media archaeology, material culture, and cultural theory addressed here are as critical to archival thinking as they are to art.