bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
030  Clinical Trials With Allogeneic Cultured Dermal Substitutes (CDS)(Regenerating Medical Millennium Project of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare)
Authors: Yasushi Fujimori , Koichi Ueda , Yuka Omiya , Kentaro Kubo , Hiromichi Matsui , Yoshimitsu Kuroyanagi 
Published: February 2004

Aim: Clinical researches using allogeneic CDS, developed in the R & D Center for Artificial Skin of Kitasato University, have been carried out in 30 medical centers across Japan. The clinical results in our hospital, especially focusing on the treatment of refractory ulcers and dermal burns, were reported in this study. Methods: The CDS was prepared by plating cultured fibroblasts on a spongy matrix of hyaluronic acid and atelo‐collagen. The CDS was used in 13 clinical trials, including 6 refractory ulcers, 4 dermal burns, 1 skin defect left behind preparing skin flaps, and 2 skin defects left behind removal of scar. The use of CDS in conjunction with a conventional ointment‐gauze dressing was repeated at an interval of 4 to 7 days over a period of 2 to 6 weeks. Results: The successful application with CDS was achieved in all cases. Especially, in case of refractory ulcers, failed to heal even by using trafermin (Fiblast spray®) or other ointments, a complete healing was achieved in one case and wound size reduction was observed in other 5 cases within 6 weeks. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the CDS is effective in the treatment of refractory ulcers and other skin defects. The excellent clinical results seem to be related to the cytokines released from the CDS.
031  Clinical Trials with Allogeneic Cultured Dermal Substitutes for the Treatment of Burns and Skin Ulcers (Regenerating Medical Millennium Project of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare)
Authors: Hiroaki Oka , Kosaku Suenobu , Takahiko Moriguchi , Kentaro Kubo , Hiromichi Matsui , Yoshimitsu Kuroyanagi 
Published: February 2004

Aim: Multi‐center clinical trials were performed using allogeneic cultured dermal substitutes (CDS) newly developed in the R & D Center for Artificial Skin of Kitasato University. Method: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of CDS for the treatment of burns in 5 cases and the treatment of skin ulcers in 4 cases. Complications with the skin ulcers were diabetes (1 case), varix (1 case), and collagen diseases (2 cases). The wound surface area was measured with picture analysis software during the wound healing process. Results: The clinical evaluation was made using a protocol that includes a standard for the development of new wound dressings. According to the comprehensive judgment, the results achieved were evaluated as excellent for 4 burn cases and good for one case. Regarding the skin ulcers, results were excellent in 3 cases and good for one case. No harmful complications were observed during this study. Conclusions: CDS were useful for burn and ulcer treatment but the wound surface must be checked rigorously for the occurrence of infection during the healing process.
033  Clinical Trials with Allogeneic Cultured Dermal Substitutes (CDS) for Treatment of Skin Ulcers (Regenerating Medical Millennium Project of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare)
Authors: Koichi Hirotomi , Taro Mikami , Kensaku Ohki , Kayo Daigo , Jiro Maegawa , Katsuyuki Torikai , Kentarou Kubo , Hiromichi Matsui , Yoshimitsu Kuroyanagi 
Published: February 2004

Aim: Multi‐center's clinical study, using allogeneic CDS are proceeded in 30 hospitals as the Millennium Project of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. The clinical trial in our hospital was designed to evaluate the efficacy of CDS for the treatment of refractory skin ulcers. Methods: The application of CDS on the debrided wound was repeated at an interval of 3 to 5 days. The evaluation was performed according to the protocol, especially focused on granulation tissue formation, wound size reduction, and epithelialization. Results: The clinical trials were conducted in 6 cases, including 5 cases with various complications, i.e., diabetes (2 cases), collagen diseases (1 case), renal failure (1 case), and skin defect after resection of tumor (1 case). According to the comprehensive judgement, 5 cases were evaluated as achieving excellent, and 1 case was evaluated as achieving good. Conclusion: The successful application of CDS is dependent on the control of wound conditions free from infection. Appropriate debridment was necessary prior to application of CDS.
034  Application of Allogeneic Cultured Dermal Substitute to Skin Defects After Excision of Skin Cancer
Authors: Yokoo K , Aoyama H , Tamada Y , Hashimoto T , Kuroyanagi Y , Kagawa S , Kubo K , Matsui H 
Published: February 2004

Aim: This study was aimed to confirm the usefulness of allogeneic cultured dermal substitute (CDS) in the treatment of skin defects after excision of skin cancer. Methods: Eleven elderly patients (mean age of 76.3 year old) with skin cancer were included in this study. Most of the patients had basic disease such as diabetes or ASO. Allogeneic CDS used in the study were produced at Kitasato University. The CDS were applied to skin defects with exposing bone or tendon after oncological surgery, and changed once or twice a week until the open wound became suitable for autologous skin grafting or healed completely. Results: Healthy granulation tissue was formed to cover the exposed bone or tendon in all cases. Only in one case, the treatment with allogeneic CDS was abandoned owing to undesirable infection. In eight cases, appropriate wound beds acceptable for autologous skin graft were prepared. In other two cases, the skin defect became smaller and eventually closed without skin graft. In ten cases with or without skin graft, undesirable scar contracture was not observed over prolonged follow‐up. Conclusions: Elderly patients with skin cancer provide reconstructive surgeons with challenging problems when bone or bare tendon is exposed after oncological surgery. Flap transfer might be complicated especially when the patients suffered from a basic disease such as diabetes or ASO. This study has confirmed that the use of allogeneic CDS is a safe and reliable method to achieve wound healing in those high‐risk patients.
037  Experience of Use of Long Pulse Alexandrite Laser for Fresh Facial Traumatic Tattoo
Authors: Naohiro Ishii , Masashi Fukatsu , Yuji Nakanishi 
Published: February 2004

Objectives: We devised a method of irradiating a fresh traumatic tattoo with long pulse alexandrite laser in conjunction with the use of a dynamic cooling device (DCD) to minimize the injury of the epidermal layer before the occurrence of pigmentation in the deep layer of the skin, when the wound is not completely epithelialized. Methods: A 4‐year‐old girl suffered a burn injury and deposition of fuel residues in a diameter of 5 cm on the left cheek by backfire of a motorcycle muffler. The patient was treated with an ointment at a hospital for about 10 days, and then referred to our hospital. On initial visit, removal of foreign bodies was attempted by brushing but with little success. Accordingly, long pulse alexandrite laser treatment was performed four times in total at intervals of about one week. On the initial irradiation DCD was not used, but was used on all subsequent treatments thereafter for the protection of the epidermal layer. Results: Since remarkable pigment reduction was observed after the laser irradiation, the treatment was stopped. Follow‐up was performed while the lesion was shielded from light. Conclusion: Since the long pulse alexandrite laser with the DCD conveniently enables continuous irradiation of pigments in a short time while minimizing damage to the epidermis, its therapeutic effect can be expected. However, great care is needed during the treatment to prevent scarring.
039  Observation of Angiogenesis in Granulation Tissue Using the Dressing Material
Authors: Kazuaki Murashita , Hiroko Sinzawa , Akira Takeda , Eiju Uchinuma 
Published: February 2004

Aim: It is important to analyze the angiogenesis and the formation of the granulation tissue in understanding the wound healing process. The dressing material is thought that the wound healing is promoted, and understanding the effect of the dressing material. The model which used the dressing material was made, and the angiogenesis in the granulation tissue formation process were compared. Method: The Sprague‐Dawrey rat's granulation formation model and the model which used the dressing materials were made. The granulation tissue was removed on the 7th day, the 14th day, the 28th day, and the 42nd day. The angiogenesis and the formation of network of newly formed vessels during the granulation tissue formation were observed with Confocal laser scanning microscopy. Result: The angiogenesis starts from the depths part of the granuration tissue. Afterwards, it progresses superficial part of the granulation tissue, and the network of the blood vessel is formed. In this process, as the model which used the dressing material, the network of the angiogenesis was admitted from early time.
040  The Function of ‘Choke Vessels’ to the Blood Flow: Angiographic and Laser Flow‐Graphic Study on the Rat Flap Model
Authors: Toshiharu Minabe , Katsumata S. , Ogo K. , Taylor G. I. 
Published: February 2004

Aim: The ‘choke vessels’, defined by Taylor 1], are reduced‐caliber anastomosing vessels which are normally the barrier in the vasculature. They also have capacity to dilate and increase the blood flow. The aim of this study is to investigate the anatomical and dynamic function of choke vessels. Study design: The 3‐territory bipedicled flaps were elevated on the back of the Wistar rats 2]. The flaps were directly sutured back in place in the revascularized group (10 animals), and the plastic sheets were underlaid in the non‐revascularized group (10 animals). On the day 3, each flap was converted to the mono‐pedicled flap and was scanned by the laser flow‐graphy and injected for the angiography. Results: All flaps survived completely. The revascularized flaps showed evenly dilated choke vessels in the 2 choke zones of the flaps and the blood flow from the vascular pedicle covered more than 2 territories. The non‐revascularized flaps showed more remarkable but uneven dilatation of choke vessels between 2 choke zones. The blood flow in non‐revascularized flaps, however, reached only 1 territory, blocked by the first choke zone which dilated less than the other zone. Conclusions: By dilating, the choke vessels are activated and can have the adverse function of regulating the blood flow, namely, suppression and escalation of the blood flow.
043  Effects of Early Wound Excision on Hepatic Blood in the Extensively Burned Rat
Authors: Yoshimitsu Nakano , Kazutaka Soejima , Tsukasa Isago , Motohiro Nozaki 
Published: February 2004

Aim: Effects of early excision on hepatic blood flow were investigated in burned rats. Methods: 30% TBSA burned Wistar rats were allocated to four groups, infusion group (n = 13): fluid resuscitation with lactated Ringer’s; early excision group (n = 13): early escherectomy and allogenic skin grafting with fluid resuscitation; burn group (n = 13): burn injury alone without any treatment; sham group (n = 15): sham burn procedure. The hepatic blood flow was measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours postburn. At 12 and 24 hours postburn, plasma Endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were detected. Results: In the infusion and the burn group, a significant decrease in hepatic blood flow compared with the sham group. In contrast in the early excision group, the hepatic blood flow was not decreased and there was a significant difference from the infusion group at 12 hours postburn. The plasma ET‐1 and NO levels were markedly elevated in the infusion and the burn group at 12 and 24 hours postburn. Whereas in the early excision group, no significant increase either in the plasma ET‐1 or NO levels were found compared with the sham group during experimental period. Conclusion: The hepatic blood flow decreases after a massive burn injury even with adequate fluid resuscitation. Early excision is helpful in stabilizing the hepatic blood flow without further aggravating the hepatic hemodynamic load. The decrease in plasma ET‐1 and NO levels after early wound excision procedure may be playing a role in improving the hepatic blood flow.
044  The Difference in Virulence between Clinically Recovered Staphylococcus Aureus and an Established Strain Applied to a Skin Ulcer Model
Authors: Masahiro Tachi , Shinichi Hirabayashi 
Published: February 2004

Aim: We attempted to establish a rat model by placing gauze on a wound bed. We then used this model to evaluate the virulence of an established strain of Staphylococcus Aureus and a clinical strain isolated from a patient with a wound infection. Methods: Using a 1.5 × 1.5 cm template, full thickness skin wounds were made through the panniculus carnosus on the backs of rats. A small piece of gauze was placed over each wound. The wound beds were inoculated with 1.5 × 106 cfu of Staphylococcus Aureus from the American Type Culture Collection, or 1.5 × 106 cfu of a clinical isolate. The wounds were debrided every 48 hours and samples taken to the laboratory for quantitative bacteriologic analysis. Specimens were fixed and stained by H/E and Gram staining. Results: The clinical strain of Staphylococcus Aureus resulted in bacterial counts (cfu per gram of tissue) exceeding 107 on days 2 to 6, while the established stain produced bacterial counts exceeding 107 cfu on days 2 to 4 only. Gram stain analysis revealed that the clinical strain penetrated deep granulation tissue, whereas, the established strain was present in small cell nests at the wound margins. Conclusion: A clinical strain isolated from a patient showed deeper penetration of the wound bed than an established strain, resulting in prolonged elevation of the bacterial count.
047  Allogeneic Transplantation of Genetically Modified Primate Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Asano T , Hanazono Y , Sasaki K , Ueda Y , Hasegawa M , Ageyama N , Terao K , Kitano Y , Momoeda M , Ozawa K , Harii K 
Published: February 2004

Aim: To examine the efficacy and safety of human embryonic stem (ES) cell‐based therapies, allogeneic transplantation of monkey ES cells would be useful. We transplanted genetically marked monkey ES cells into the allogeneic fetus. Methods and Results: Cynomolgus ES cells were transduced once using a simian immunodeficiency virus‐based lentivirus vector encoding the GFP gene driven by the CMV promoter at 1, 10 and 100 transducing units per cell. Five days posttransduction, 60, 80 and 90% of the cells expressed GFP, respectively, and the expression levels were stable for 5 months. GFP expression was still observed after embryoid‐body formation. The gene‐marked ES cells were transplanted into the cynomolgus fetus in the abdominal cavity (n = 2) or liver (n = 1) after the first trimester. The fetuses were delivered 1 month posttransplantation. Transplanted cell progeny were detected (∼1%) in multiple tissues by quantitative PCR and in situ PCR of the GFP sequence. No teratoma was found in the tissues. Conclusions: Cynomolgus ES cells can be engrafted in the allogeneic fetus. We are now trying to transplant cynomolgus ES cells differentiated to neural or hematopoietic lineage.
S‐I‐05  Increased Levels of Cell Division Cycle 25A Protein in Keloid Lesions
Authors: Ghazizadeh M , Tosa M , Shimizu H , Egawa S , Inoue K , Oguro T , Hirai T , Kawanami O 
Published: February 2004

Aim: Keloid lesions develope as a result of abnormal growth of dermal fibroblasts after the injury. On the other hand, cell division cycle (Cdc) 25 is a family of phosphatases that activate the cell cycle regulating cyclin‐dependent kinases. The three members of this family, Cdc25A, Cdc25B, and Cdc25C act in different phases of the cell cycle. In this study, we examined the dgree of expression of these phosphatases in keloid fibroblasts. Methods: Primary cultures of keloid and adjacent normal dermal fibroblasts (n = 4) as well as frozen and paraffin‐embedded keloid and normal dermal tissues (n = 12 and n = 17 respectively) were examined by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses for the expressions of Cdc25A, Cdc25B, Cdc25C and phosphorylated Cdk2. Results: Cdc25A protein levels were frequently increased in keloid fibroblasts as compared to the adjacent normal‐appearing fibroblasts or different normal dermal fibroblasts. In contrast, Cdc25B and Cdc25C were none or rarely expressed. The incrased levels of Cdc25A were associated with lower levels of its substrate, Cdk2, in a phosphorylated or inactive form. Conclusions: Taken together, our data show that Cdc25A protein levels increase in keloid fibroblasts and this increase may be sufficient to activate its substrate, Cdk2, and accelerate the cell cycling. These results may have implication for the development of strategies to silence Cdc25A activity after the wound healing as a therapeutic modality for the keloid lesions.
S‐III‐01  A Case of Skin Trouble Around the Ileostomy Improved by Application of bFGF Spray
Authors: Nobuyo Suzuki , Junichi Nakamura , Takayuki Asao , Hiroyuki Kuwano 
Published: February 2004

The content of the effluent from an ileostomy is high‐volume, liquid, and contains proteolytic enzymes. It is crucial to maintain a stoma appliance that protects the surrounding skin. This is an interesting report of a 74‐year‐old female who present bladder carcinoma and underwent total cystectomy, ileal conduit, low anterior resection of the rectum and loop ileostomy for covering the anastomosis at July 7, 2002. After surgery, the stoma was depressed in fatty abdomen and resulted in the trouble surrounding skin. The erosion around stoma was not healed easily. We applied bFGF spray to the erosion around the ileostomy. One week later, an ostomy appliance was able to apply longer, because of reducing exudates from the erosion.The difficulty to maintain the good status surrounding skin with ileostomy was higher up with increasing meal and activities of diary living. The application of bFGF spray advanced the healing skin erosion. It is useful for caring the skin trouble with ileostomy.
S‐III‐02  Construction and Management of Loop Ileostomy
Authors: Tomonori Hamada , Haruhiko Naitoh , Tatsuya Orimo , Hirohumi Adachi , Hiroshi Shiroto , Keishi Kondoh , Masami Ogita 
Published: February 2004

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the morbidity associated with both construction and reversal of loop ileostomies. Methods: Thirty‐three patients who had loop ileostomies constructed and 31 of these same patients who had their loop ileostomies reversed between 1994 and 2001 were reviewed.The loop ileostomies were constructed in round‐shaped (2.5∼3 cm in diameter) like a end ileostomy and everted to produce a 2∼3 cm stoma without a rod Results: The average size of ileostomies was 28 × 29 × 25(hight)mm. Five patients had complications arising from ileostomy construction including 4 parastomal irritation, 1 ileus, and 1 stomal ulcer. All complications improved with conservative management. Mean time to ileostomy reversal was 78 days. Of 31 patients who had loop ileostomies reversed, 10 patients had staple closure (functional end‐to‐end anastomosis with ENDO GIA 45). Nine patients had complications associated with reversal including 6 small bowel obstruction due to anastomotic stenosis(anastomotic edema), 1 leakage and 2 SIRS. Of these 9 patients, 2 required surgical intervention. One patient suffered leakage required reanastomosis, one for SIRS required reconstruction of loop ileostomy. Of 6 patients developed small bowel obstruction, 3 required long intestinal tube decompression. All patients improved with conservative management. 10 patients who had their loop ileostomies closed by functional end‐to‐end anastomosis had no bowel obstruction and other complications. Conclusions: Defunctioning loop ileostomy is associated with low morbidity. We recommend a defunctioning ileostomy as the procedure of choice for temporary fecal diversion, and functional end‐to‐end anastomosis in reversal of ileostomies.
S‐III‐03  Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes of a New Colostomy Technique
Authors: Yuichiro Kiduka , Yoshiaki Tai , Yojiro Inoue , Kensuke Kiyokawa , Toshihiko Yamauchi 
Published: February 2004

Aim: Quality of Life (QOL) of patients after cancer surgery has become more important as success rate of surgical treatment has been improved. Anal sphincter preservation has been concerned in treatment for colon cancer, in particular rectum cancer. However, in order for patients to become cancer free, colostomy is the essential treatment. In usual stoma, skin contacts directly with colon membrane, and this sometimes induces (i) skin troubles around the stoma (e.g., ulcer, abscess, fistula), and (ii) constriction, collapse, perforation, hernia or obstruction of the colon. The skin troubles are the complications that are unavoidable only through the improvement and control of the equipment because the skin directly touches to the stool. Therefore, preventive measures should be employed at colostomy. For this purpose, a new colostomy technique was applied from the point of plastic and reconstruction surgery. Methods: In order to reduce the duration and area of direct contact with stool, local flap and split‐thickness skin grafting are applied. Colon is pull out to the abdominal wall by using the usual surgical procedure. The stoma is kept at a certain height from the abdominal wall by using the flap and the graft. Results: To date, the longest follow‐up period is 8 years and 7 months. Frequency of skin problems due to direct contact with stool was reduced, infection and constriction on and around the stoma have been prevented, and defecation became able to be better managed.
S‐IV‐02  C2C12 Cells Differente in Three Dimensional Culture in Collagen Gel
Authors: Tanaka T , Kishi K , Sato H , Nakajima H , Nakajima T 
Published: February 2004

Aim: The movements of the cell population are different between 2‐D culture and 3‐D culture. From the observation of morphology of skeletal muscle cell 3‐D culture, We expect that skeletal muscle cells differentiation is accelerate in the collagen gel 3‐D culture, and the proliferation is suppressed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference between 2‐D culture and 3‐D culture of C2C12 cells. Methods: C2C12 skeletal muscle cells are incubated following three difference conditions for 48 hours, plastic dish 2‐D culture, collagen coated dish 2‐D culture and collagen gel 3‐D culture. The culture medium is Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. Collagens are removed by collagenase treatment and cells are homogenized. After centrifugation the top clear layer is used for CPK assay and protein development analysis by Western blotting Results: After 48 hour incubation, we observed cell morphology by a phase contract microscope. Cell fusion was observed in collagen gel 3‐D culture. The fusion cells have many nucleus in the cytoplasm called synthetium. But in plastic dish 2‐D culture and in collagen coated dish 2‐D culture synthetiums were not observed and cells were mononuclear and monolayer. Cell prolieration was suppressed in collagen gel 3‐D culture. CPK activity was five times activated in collagen gel 3‐D culture than in plastic dish 2‐D culture. Conclusions: We suggest skeletal muscle cells C2C12 are activate differentiation by collagen gel 3‐D culture.