bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anoikis‐related genes as potential prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer: A multilevel integrative analysis and predictive therapeutic value
Authors: Lin Yongjian , Liu Jinlu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is a frequent malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Exploring the potential anoikis mechanisms and pathways might facilitate GC research.PurposeThe authors aim to determine the significance of anoikis‐related genes (ARGs) in GC prognosis and explore the regulatory mechanisms in epigenetics.MethodsAfter describing the genetic and transcriptional alterations of ARGs, we searched differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the cancer genome atlas and gene expression omnibus databases to identify major cancer marker pathways. The non‐negative matrix factorisation algorithm, Lasso, and Cox regression analysis were used to construct a risk model, and we validated and assessed the nomogram. Based on multiple levels and online platforms, this research evaluated the regulatory relationship of ARGs with GC.ResultsOverexpression of ARGs is associated with poor prognosis, which modulates immune signalling and promotes anti‐anoikis. The consistency of the DEGs clustering with weighted gene co‐expression network analysis results and the nomogram containing 10 variable genes improved the clinical applicability of ARGs. In anti‐anoikis mode, cytology, histology, and epigenetics could facilitate the analysis of immunophenotypes, tumour immune microenvironment (TIME), and treatment prognosis.ConclusionA novel anoikis‐related prognostic model for GC is constructed, and the significance of anoikis‐related prognostic genes in the TIME and the metabolic pathways of tumours is initially explored.
Eingriffe in einen gesunden Körper
Authors: Lalee Laura , Lalee Rasoul 
Published: February 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGOperative Eingriffe, um den Körper seinem inneren Empfinden anzugleichen, sind keine Seltenheit mehr. Geschlechtsangleichende Maßnahmen sind medizinischer Alltag geworden. Jedoch gilt das nicht für jede Form der Körpermodifikation. Die Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID) ist ein wenig erforschtes Phänomen, bei dem die Betroffenen das Verlangen nach einer Behinderung verspüren. Oftmals äußert sich diese Störung durch den Wunsch nach einer fehlenden Extremität. Bisweilen gelten Amputationen, ohne eine konventionelle medizinische Indikation, als rechtswidrig. Im Rahmen einer Literaturrecherche wurden Argumente zusammengetragen, welche für bzw. gegen eine Legalisierung von Amputationen bei BID-Betroffenen sprechen. Im Zuge dessen wurde, unter Berücksichtigung medizinethischer Prinzipien, ein theoretischer Vergleich zur Geschlechtsinkongruenz gezogen.Als zentrales Argument zugunsten einer Legalisierung wurde die Linderung des Leidensdrucks und dadurch die Verhinderung selbstdurchgeführter, lebensgefährlicher Amputationen aufgeführt. Weiterhin wurde der Vergleich zur Geschlechtsinkongruenz gezogen und im Sinne der Gleichbehandlung verschiedener Patientengruppen ebenfalls für eine Legalisierung argumentiert. Entgegengesetzt wurde verdeutlicht, dass geschlechtsangleichende Maßnahmen, im Gegensatz zu Wunschamputationen, keine Behinderung erzeugen. Zudem wurde festgestellt, dass ein solch schwerwiegender Eingriff nicht lediglich aus der Tatsache heraus legalisiert werden sollte, dass andere gesundheitsschädigende Operationen etabliert sind. Letztlich ist die BID noch zu unerforscht, um fest für eine Legalisierung von Wunschamputationen sprechen zu können.
Einfluss von andauerndem Schmerz und Medikamenten auf das Sturz- und
Frakturrisiko
Authors: Frohnhofen Helmut , Stenmanns Carla 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Prävalenz von Schmerzen steigt mit dem Alter, ebenso wie die Anzahl
der gleichzeitig vorliegenden Erkrankungen. Diese Multimorbidität
triggert zudem die Verordnung zahlreicher Medikamente. Diese sog. Polypharmazie
oder die Verordnung bestimmter Medikamentengruppen wie Analgetika, Hypnotika
oder Antidepressiva sind mit der Häufigkeit von Sturzereignissen und
Frakturen assoziiert. Diese Assoziation verleitet dazu, durch eine Reduktion der
Anzahl der verordneten Medikamente ungünstige Ereignisse zu verhindern.
Die Evidenz für diesen Ansatz konnte in randomisierten Studien jedoch
nicht erbracht werden. Das Management der Medikation im Alter erfordert eine
klare Indikation für ein Präparat, die
regelmäßige Überprüfung dieser Indikation und
die Auswahl des am besten verträglichen Präparates.
Interventional Therapy of Pelvic Venous Disorders (PeVD)
Authors: Dewald Cornelia Lieselotte Angelika , Becker Lena Sophie , Meyer Berhard Christian 
Published: February 2024

Background Pelvic venous disorders (PeVD) are an underdiagnosed cause of chronic pelvic pain in women. They are caused by venous insufficiency of the pelvic or ovarian veins, leading to the development of mainly periuterine and periovarian varices. It is a progressive disease if left untreated and can cause swelling, dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, and other symptoms, some non-specific, that affect the patient’s quality of life. Interventional therapies are a central component of the treatment of PeVD, with a variety of techniques available for both diagnosis and treatment.
Method This review provides an overview of the pathophysiologic background, diagnosis, and, most importantly, interventional treatment options for PeVD.
Results There is a lack of standardized nomenclature and internationally accepted diagnostic criteria for PeVD as well as randomized controlled trials demonstrating clinical success. However, in clinical trials, endovascular therapy for PeVD has been shown to be safe and effective. This review presents the various interventional techniques for the treatment of PeVD, including embolization, stenting, and sclerotherapy.
Conclusion The importance of PeVD is receiving growing recognition. Recent advances, such as the development of the Symptoms-Varices-Pathophysiology (SVP) classification, provide an impetus to standardize nomenclature and are the first step toward systematizing disease management. Interventional therapies provide a safe and tailored minimally invasive treatment option for patients with PeVD.
Key Points
Citation Format
Development of Plant-Derived Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody Targeting PD-L1 and CTLA-4 against Mouse Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Bulaon Christine Joy I. , Khorattanakulchai Narach , Rattanapisit Kaewta , Sun Hongyan , Pisuttinusart Nuttapat , Phoolcharoen Waranyoo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCheckpoint blockade immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, with monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints, yielding promising clinical benefits. However, with the advent of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in clinical trials, developing next-generation antibodies with potentially increased efficacy is critical. Here, we aimed to generate a recombinant bispecific monoclonal antibody for dual inhibition of programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 axes. The plant system was used as an alternative platform for bispecific monoclonal antibody production. Dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 is a plant-derived bispecific monoclonal antibody that combines both programmed cell death ligand 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 blockade into a single molecule. Dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 was transiently expressed in
Nicotiana benthamiana and the expression level was determined to be the highest after 4 days of infiltration. The size and assembly of the purified bispecific monoclonal antibody were determined, and its function was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The molecular structures of plant-produced dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 are as expected, and it was mostly present as a monomer. The plant-produced dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 showed in vitro binding to programmed cell death ligand 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 proteins. The antitumor activity of plant-produced bispecific monoclonal antibody was tested in vivo by treating humanized Balb/c mice bearing a CT26 colorectal tumor. Plant-produced dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 significantly inhibited tumor growth by reducing tumor volume and weight. Body weight changes indicated that the plant-produced
bispecific monoclonal antibody was safe and tolerable. Overall, this proof of concept study demonstrated the viability of plants to produce functional plant-based bispecific immunotherapy.
Performance of a single-use gastroscope for esophagogastroduodenoscopy: Prospective evaluation
Authors: van der Ploeg Koen , de Jonge Pieter J.F. , Lammers Wim J. , Koch Arjun Dave , Vos Margreet C. , Paulsen Vemund , Aabakken Lars , Bruno Marco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Reprocessing reusable endoscopes is challenging due to their non-sterilizable nature. Disinfection has been shown to have a significant risk of failure with serious consequences. Single-use endoscopes can eliminate contamination risk and reduce workflow delays caused by reprocessing. This study evaluated the clinical performance of single-use gastroscopes in patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).
Patients and methods In this case series, 60 patients underwent EGD using single-use gastroscopes, with 34 procedures in the endoscopy department and 26 in the intensive care unit. The primary outcome was successful completion of the intended EGD objective. Furthermore, certified endoscopists assessed device performance on a five-point Likert scale (ranging from 1-"much worse" to 5-"much better"), considering their experience with a reusable gastroscope.
Results Successful completion of EGDs using only the single-use gastroscope was achieved in 58 of 60 cases (96.7%). In two cases, crossover to an ultra-slim endoscope was necessary to either reach the esophageal stenosis or to transverse the stenosis. Overall satisfaction was rated as comparable to reusable scopes in 51 of 56 cases (91.1%) and inferior in five cases (8.9%). The lower weight of the single-use gastroscope was rated as superior in 42 of 60 cases (70.0%). Drawbacks included reduced image quality (23 of 45 cases; 51.1%). Feedback included the absence of a freeze button, lens cleaning issues, and small image size.
Conclusions Single-use gastroscopes exhibited a high EGD completion rate and effectiveness for various indications. Further research should focus on evaluating the implementation of single-use gastroscopes in a comprehensive context, considering clinical effectiveness, costs, and environmental impact.
Photoinduced Direct Carbamoylation of Ethers with Isocyanates towards the Synthesis of α-Amide-Substituted Ether Derivatives
Authors: Qi Ming , Li Jing-Han , Lu Xiao-Jie , Xu An-Wu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotoinduced carbamoylation of ethers using isocyanates as amide sources was accomplished under mild and environmentally friendly reaction conditions. A series of isocyanates were tolerated in this protocol to construct α-amide-substituted ether derivatives with desired yields. The method featured broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, which could play an important role in the construction of biological molecules with ethers.
Finding the Wanderer Nerve: A Novel Use of ETT Surface Electrodes in Vagal Nerve Stimulator Insertion Surgery
Authors: Prasad Sethulakshmi , Varma Salini , Sethuraman Manikandan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEndotracheal tube (ETT) surface electrodes have been in vogue for vagal nerve identification and monitoring for a while. They have been used in thyroid surgeries as well as neurosurgical procedures involving the skull base or brain stem. These electrodes have been proved vital in preventing inadvertent vagal nerve injury and damage during such procedures. However, ETT surface electrodes have not yet been used in vagal nerve stimulator insertion surgeries. Here, we report the first such case of vagal nerve stimulator insertion surgery wherein ETT surface electrodes were successfully used for vagal nerve identification.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Associated Encephalitis: Favorable Aggressive Immunosuppression in a Patient
Authors: Della Giustina Elvio , Bergonzini Patrizia , Sintini Michele , Spagnoli Carlotta , Fusco Carlo , Salviato Tiziana , Reggiani Bonetti Luca 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMeningoencephalitis is the most important extrapulmonary manifestation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. It is complicated by seizures in at least 40% of cases, and in half of them, status epilepticus can occur during the acute phase, often leading to severe neurological sequelae. Brain imaging ranges from normal to diffuse edema, focal changes, and abnormal signals in the white matter, basal ganglia, and hippocampi. Here, we describe a boy who presented with an acute onset of transient alteration of behavior, meningeal irritation, fever, vomiting, and leg pain. Meningoencephalitis due to M. pneumoniae infection was confirmed by focal pneumonia, positive immunological tests, and increased protein content in cerebrospinal fluid. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed bilateral focal abnormalities in the temporoinsular cortex, and electroencephalographic recordings showed slow waves in the same regions. After early infusion of acyclovir on the first day, aggressive combination therapy with oral erythromycin, and intravenous methylprednisolone and immunoglobulin was promptly initiated once a complete diagnosis was obtained on the second day, and the boy recovered within a few days. Two weeks later, brain imaging findings had resolved completely. The rapid clinical and neuroradiological recovery after immunosuppressive therapy suggests an immune-mediated pathogenetic mechanism. He developed immune-mediated myositis 2 years later demonstrating the instability of his immunological status.
Fournier's Gangrene: Skin Grafting
Authors: Yadav R. C. , Sharma Raka , Mathur A. K. , Chandalia B. S. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryA report of 7 cases of Fournier's Gangrene is presented With local treatment and systemic antibiotics gangrene was controlled. After seperation of gangrencous arca split skin graft give good and normal looking and functioni scrotum and penis.
Revisiting Elliot's Modification of Moberg's Flap and Our Improvisation
Authors: Jayachandiran Anand Prasath , Rajendran Suresh , Mahipathy Surya Rao Rao Venkata , Durairaj Alagar Raja , Sundaramurthy Narayanamurthy , Ananthappan Manoj 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThumb tip injuries constitute one of the most common hand injuries. There are various reconstructive options for thumb tip injuries. We present our series of thumb tip injuries reconstructed using Elliot's modiﬁcation of the Moberg ﬂap, which provides like-for-like tissue. We also present our flap improvisation, which can be useful in the armamentarium of plastic surgeons.
Background Moberg described the advancement ﬂap for thumb defects in 1964, which was modiﬁed by O'Brien in which the proximal part of the ﬂap is incised and advanced. Although it is a popular ﬂap, it has the disadvantage of interphalangeal (IP) joint ﬂexion deformity. Among the various modiﬁcations of the Moberg ﬂap, Elliot's ﬂap provided more tissue with minimal donor site morbidity and no usage of skin grafts or ﬁrst web skin.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed the patients who underwent reconstruction of thumb defects by Elliot's modified Moberg's ﬂap. The size of the defect, etiology, and IP joint movement were analyzed. Two patients underwent our improvised ﬂap where a daughter ﬂap was elevated within Elliot's ﬂap.
Results Between January 2021 and September 2023, 12 patients underwent reconstruction by Elliot's ﬂap. All ﬂaps settled well. There was no IP joint deformity. Two patients had scar hypertrophy that was managed conservatively.
Conclusion Elliot's modification of the Moberg ﬂap is a very useful but underutilized ﬂap for thumb tip injuries that provides like tissue with sensation and with little donor site morbidity. It can be used for thumb tip defects of up to 3 cm. It is possible to incorporate a second V-Y ﬂap in patients for whom additional movement is required for tension-free closure.
Immediate Postpartum Breastfeeding following Pregnancy with Cardiac Disease
Authors: Tinajero Yolanda , Parikh Nisha I. , Harris Ian S. , Gonzalez Juan M. , Agarwal Anushree , Sobhani Nasim C. 
Published: February 2024

Objective This study aimed to identify predictors of immediate postpartum breastfeeding among women with maternal cardiac disease (MCD).
Study Design This study included all gravidas with MCD who delivered at a single institution from 2012 to 2018. Charts were abstracted for maternal demographics, obstetrical outcome, cardiac diagnoses, cardiac risk stratification scores, and prepregnancy echocardiogram findings. Kruskal–Wallis and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the breastfeeding (BF) group versus the nonbreastfeeding (NBF) group. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results Among 211 gravidas with MCD, 12% were not breastfeeding at the time of postpartum hospital discharge. Compared with the BF group, the NBF group had a significantly higher proportion of women with cardiomyopathy (21% NBF vs. 7% BF, OR = 3.44, 95% CI: 1.12–10.71), with modified World Health Organization (WHO) classification ≥III (33 vs. 14%, OR = 3.16, 95% CI: 1.22–8.15), and with prepregnancy ejection fraction (EF) < 50% (55 vs. 14%, OR = 7.20, 95% CI: 1.92–27.06). There were otherwise no differences between the two groups with regards to other cardiac diagnoses or cardiac risk scores.
Conclusion In women with MCD, cardiomyopathy, modified WHO class ≥III, and a prepregnancy EF < 50% were associated with NBF in the immediate postpartum period. These findings may guide providers in identifying a subset of women with MCD who can benefit from increased breastfeeding counseling and support.
Key Points
NuMoM2b Study Insights: Primary Exposures, Outcomes, and Directions for Future Research
Authors: Kragenbrink Leanna , Schopper Claire M. , McNeil Rebecca B. , Grobman William A. , Silver Robert M. , Haas David M. 
Published: February 2024

Objective To summarize the publications to date from a large obstetric cohort of nulliparous individuals.
Study design We summarized all of the publications from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b). We descriptively summarized the most common outcomes and exposures reported in current publications.
Results Fifty-six publications to date are discussed. The most common primary exposures reported are participant baseline characteristics such as body mass index (24%), sociodemographic characteristics (22%), and sleep factors (16%). These exposures were most commonly measured in the first trimester (77%). The most commonly reported primary outcomes were related to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs, 51.6%), with 25% using a composite of multiple APOs as the primary outcome. At least 8,000 participants were used in the analyses of over half of the publications.
Conclusion The nuMoM2b study has generated a diverse array of publications and conclusions on factors associated with APOs. The publicly available data set from the nuMoM2b study continues to hold potential for considerable advances, new insights, and future research opportunities to optimize pregnancy and pregnancy-related health.
Key Points
Effectiveness of deterministic option pricing models: new evidence from Nifty and Bank Nifty Index options
Authors: Singh Vipul Kumar , Kumar Pawan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research delves into the empirical performance of deterministic option pricing models in the dynamic financial landscape of India. The primary focus is on uncovering pricing discrepancies and discerning whether these disparities arise from inherent limitations in the theoretical foundations of the models or are influenced by the trading behaviors of market participants. The investigation centers on the analysis of call and put option contracts for the Nifty Index and Bank Nifty Index, both extensively traded on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India. The study’s findings highlight that models developed to address the theoretical constraints of the benchmark Black–Scholes model demonstrate noteworthy performance. However, the complexity of these models does not consistently translate into enhanced pricing efficiency. Notably, the Black–Scholes and Practitioner Black–Scholes models exhibit superior performance across various moneyness-maturity categories. Furthermore, the research underscores the substantial impact of option contract liquidity on the efficiency of the pricing models. Specifically, highly traded at-the-money and out-of-the-money option contracts exhibit a higher level of pricing accuracy.
Structural topic modeling-based systematic review for service robots’ fault diagnosis: content, popularity and regional differences
Authors: Wang Zheyu , Dong Chengju , Qian Jie , Duan Chaoqun , Sheng Bo , Wang Yuanhang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The market for service robots is expanding as labor costs continue to rise. Faced with intricate working environments, fault detection and diagnosis are crucial to ensure the proper functioning of service robots. The objective of this review is to systematically investigate the realm of service robots’ fault diagnosis through the application of Structural Topic Modeling. A total of 289 papers were included, culminating in ten topics, including advanced algorithm application, data learning-based evaluation, automated equipment maintenance, actuator diagnosis for manipulator, non-parametric method, distributed diagnosis in multi-agent systems, signal-based anomaly analysis, integrating complex control framework, event knowledge assistance, mobile robot particle filtering method. These topics spanned service robot hardware and software failures, diverse service robot systems, and a range of advanced algorithms for fault detection in service robots. Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the Americas, recognized as three pivotal regions propelling the advancement of service robots, were employed as covariates in this review to investigate regional disparities. The review found that current research tends to favor the use of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to address service robots’ complex system faults and vast volumes of data. The topics of algorithms, data learning, automated maintenance, and signal analysis are advancing with the support of AI, gaining increasing popularity as a burgeoning trend. Additionally, variations in research focus across different regions were found. The Asia-Pacific region tends to prioritize algorithm-related studies, while Europe and the Americas show a greater emphasis on robot safety issues. The integration of diverse technologies holds the potential to bring forth new opportunities for future service robot fault diagnosis.Simultaneously, regional standards about data, communication, and other aspects can streamline the development of methods for service robots’ fault diagnosis.
Growth paths in polycrystalline thin films
Authors: Zöllner D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The polycrystalline grain microstructure of metallic thin films coarsens during grain growth in a unique way when the initial grain structure contains multiple grains in the film thickness. A regime with fast coarsening is followed by a regime of slow coarsening. At the same time, the grain structure itself undergoes clear structural changes from a bulk-like to a bamboo-like structure. The overall coarsening process evolves continuously, whereas the growth paths of individual grains do not follow the ones observed and predicted in either two- or three-dimensional grain growth.