bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Money for Minors
Authors: Bussing Marie A. 
Published: February 2024

Money. Debt. Interest rates. Bankruptcy. Billionaires. Students may understand that money makes the world go 'round, but most are a little shaky when it comes to explaining how and why. Using an A-Z format and containing over 400 entries, this reference book provides an essential foundation of business and economic knowledge for middle-school, high-school, and community college students. Short features scattered throughout the text add interest and fun, while helping students understand how economics affects their daily lives. Best, the entries are written in a style ideal for students just beginning to learn how economies work and function
Teenagers spend over $100 billion annually in the U.S. and influence everything from clothing styles to music and movies to food and cell phones. Money for Minors will help them understand how their daily decisions have a huge impact on the economy. Special features will enable budding moguls to understand how they can become entrepreneurs and create economic value in various ways, evaluate offers from banks and credit card companies, read the business section of the newspaper, understand the importance of various government statistics, and more. And the book will not just prepare students for the higher-level economics courses they will take in high school and college—it will be a terrific guide for anyone doing research on everything from the Great Depression to credit card debt to real estate to inflation. Over 400 clearly written definitions will help students understand the essential concepts of economics and finance. In addition: -Short sidebars scattered throughout the text help students understand how economics affects their daily lives. Topics include reading stock quotes, icon economists like Alan Greenspan, monetary trivia, cool econ and monetary Websites, and the basics of entrepreneurship. -Six mini-lessons provide real-life applications of how the economy functions. Topics include The Federal Reserve System, Gross Domestic Product, Government Spending and Taxation, National Debt, Money, and The Business Cycle. Used as a stand-alone reference or in conjunction with an economics textbook, the definitions in the book will help students learn the language of economics—and help them understand the ways in which individuals, businesses, and government work together to form our $13 trillion economy.
The Myth of Black Anti-Intellectualism
Authors: Cokley Kevin O. 
Published: February 2024

Why do students who belong to racial minority groups—particularly black students—fall short in school performance? This book provides a comprehensive and critical examination of black identity and its implications for black academic achievement and intellectualism.
No other group of students has been more studied, more misunderstood, and more maligned than African American students. The racial gap between White and African American students does exist: a difference of roughly 20 percent in college graduation rates has persisted for more than the past two decades; and since 1988, the racial gap on the reading and mathematics sections of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) has increased from 189 points to 201 points. What are the true sources of these differences?
In this book, psychology professor and editor-in-chief of the Journal of Black Psychology Kevin Cokley, PhD, delves into and challenges the dominant narrative regarding black student achievement by examining the themes of black identity, the role of self-esteem, the hurdles that result in academic difficulties, and the root sources of academic motivation. He proposes a bold alternate narrative that uses black identity as the theoretical framework to examine factors in academic achievement and challenge the widely accepted notion of black anti-intellectualism. This book will be valuable to all educators, especially those at the high school through undergraduate college/university level, as well as counselors associated with academic and community institutions, social service providers, policy makers, clergy and lay staff within the faith-based community, and parents.
Navigating the Whitewater Rapids of Entrepreneurial Success
Authors: Golann Bret 
Published: February 2024

This book provides entrepreneurs with a clear, specific road map to successful business and growth management, explaining the vital details of techniques for executing changes in day-to-day business operations to handle rapid business growth.
For many entrepreneurs, the transition from start-up to rapid growth is the most difficult and risky time for them and their companies. Failure to manage business growth occurs not because entrepreneurs choose the wrong growth strategy; it’s because leaders and employees fail to execute the right internal strategies to scale up business operations to handle market success.
This book explains how to overcome the two fundamental challenges facing successful entrepreneurs as their businesses grow: how to develop the efficiency, reliability, and cost control of a successful company given the common constraints of too little time and too few resources, such as money and people, and how to achieve these essential attributes of business performance without losing the entrepreneurial creativity and spirit that made them successful in the first place. Readers will learn why so many smart entrepreneurs fail in managing business success and growth, as well as how to change day-to-day leadership approaches and techniques in moving from fledgling start-up to the rapid growth stage that involves many more expectations from employees, customers, and investors. The book serves as a “how-to” guide for leading growth that demonstrates how to execute internal growth strategies to develop the needed flexible systems, performance measures, management techniques, and rewards and risk management strategies.
Nivolumab and Relatlimab (Opdualag)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: February 2024

CADTH recommends that Opdualag be reimbursed for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age or older with unresectable or metastatic melanoma who have not received prior systemic therapy for unresectable or metastatic melanoma if certain conditions are met.
Opdualag should only be covered to treat patients aged 12 years or older who have a histologically confirmed diagnosis of unresectable stage III or stage IV (metastatic) melanoma and have not received prior systemic therapy for advanced melanoma. Patients should be in relatively good health (i.e., have a good performance status, as determined by a specialist).
Patients who had prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant anti–programmed death-1 (PD-1) or anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) therapy if the therapy was completed at least 6 months before the date of recurrence are eligible for reimbursement. Opdualag should not be reimbursed in patients with active brain metastases, uveal melanoma, and active autoimmune disease. Opdualag should only be reimbursed if the price of Opdualag is reduced. The feasibility of adoption of Opdualag must also be addressed.
Glofitamab (Columvi)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: February 2024

CADTH recommends that Columvi be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) not otherwise specified, DLBCL arising from follicular lymphoma (trFL), or primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL), who have received 2 or more lines of systemic therapy and are ineligible to receive or cannot receive CAR-T cell therapy or have previously received CAR-T cell therapy if certain conditions are met.
Columvi should only be covered to treat adult patients who have DLBCL not otherwise specified, trFL, or PMBCL that has come back or that did not respond to 2 or more previous treatments for their cancer, and who have also previously received CAR-T cell therapy, declined CAR-T cell therapy, or cannot receive CAR-T cell therapy.
Columvi should only be reimbursed for a maximum of 12 treatment cycles, after a single dose of obinutuzumab to reduce the risk of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and should not be given in combination with other anticancer drugs. Reimbursement of Columvi should be discontinued if a patient’s cancer grows or spreads or if treatment is unacceptably toxic to the patient. Columvi should only be reimbursed when prescribed by specialists with experience managing DLBCL, and if its cost is reduced.
PERANAN MIKRO ORGANISME LOKAL (MOL) TAPAI UBI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN MENTIMUN (Cucumis sativus L)
Authors: Kartana Syarif Nizar , Maysra Marselinus , Fitriani Budi 
Published: February 2024

Mentimun termasuk salah satu sayuran buah yang memiliki banyak manfaat dalam kehidupan masyarakat sehari-hari, akan tetapi produksinya di Kabupaten Sintang masih rendah karena sebagian besar lahan untuk budidayanya adalah jenis tanah PMK yang kurang subur. Salah satu usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk memperbaiki kesuburan tanah PMK tersebut adalah dengan pemberian MOL tapai ubi sehingga diharapkan mampu meningkatkan produksi mentimun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahu pengaruh dan dosis terbaik MOL tapai ubi dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta hasil tanaman mentimun. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 taraf perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Taraf perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah : M0 : tanpa pemberian MOL tapai, M1 : pemberian 50 ml MOL tapai ubi/liter air, M2 : pemberian 100 ml MOL tapai ubi/liter air, M3 : pemberian 150 ml MOL tapai ubi/liter air, M3 : pemberian 200 ml MOL tapai ubi/liter air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian MOL tapai ubi dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun dimana dosis terbaik adalah dengan pemberian MOL tapai ubi 200ml/liter air yang menghasilkan rerata berat basah berangkasan 213,33 gram, rerata jumlah buah per tanaman 0,933 buah, dan rerata berat buah per tanaman 160,00 gram. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif bagi para petani di daerah pedalaman Kabupaten Sintang dalam mengatasi kelangkaan pupuk.
Global evaluation of fast radiative transfer model coefficients for early meteorological satellite sensors
Authors: Silveira Bruna Barbosa , Turner Emma Catherine , Vidot Jérôme 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. RTTOV (the Radiative Transfer for TOVS code, where TOVS is the TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder) coefficients are evaluated using a large, independent dataset of 25 000 atmospheric model profiles as a robust test of the diverse 83 training profiles typically used. The study is carried out for nine historical satellite instruments: the InfraRed Interferometer Spectrometer D (IRIS-D), Satellite Infrared Spectrometer B (SIRS-B), Medium Resolution Infrared Radiometer (MRIR) and High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) for the infrared part of the spectrum, and the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU), Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I), Special Sensor Microwave – Humidity (SSM/T-2), Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMI/S) for the microwave. Simulated channel brightness temperatures show similar statistics for both the independent and the 83-profile datasets, confirming that it is acceptable to validate the RTTOV coefficients with the same profiles used to generate the coefficients. Differences between the RTTOV and the line-by-line models are highest in water vapour channels, where mean values can reach up to 0.4 ± 0.2 K for the infrared and 0.04 ± 0.13 K for the microwave. Examination of the latitudinal dependence of the bias reveals different patterns of variability for similar channels on different instruments, such as the channel centred at 679 cm−1 on both IRIS-D and SIRS-B, showing the importance of the specification of the instrumental spectral response functions (ISRFs). Maximum differences of up to several kelvin are associated with extremely non-typical profiles, such as those in polar or very hot regions.
Research on the correlation between some factors and GDP in different countries
Authors: Liu Chang 
Published: February 2024

The global economic situation is extremely not optimistic after the impact of the epidemic. In order to promote GDP development, countries urgently need to promulgation some policies related to GDP development. This paper is devoted to exploring the correlation between population growth rate, unemployment rate and real interest rate and GDP development, and summarizes the relationship between positive and negative correlation of each factor and national conditions, so as to provide references for various countries to choose appropriate policies in these three aspects. As for the selection of data, this paper selects 4 sets of relevant data of 5 developed countries and 5 developing countries for 13 consecutive years for calculation. At the same time, Shapiro-Wilk test was used to judge whether the data fit the normal distribution, but most of the results did not, so Spearman correlation coefficient with loose premise was chosen. Finally, based on the data of significant correlation, we reached the following conclusions: Generally, for developed countries or populous countries, the correlation between population and GDP is generally negative. For developed European countries or countries with large geographical areas, the correlation between unemployment and GDP is generally negative. For countries with extremely high exchange rates, such as the US or the UK, real interest rates tend to have a positive correlation with GDP and a negative one.
Sugar Substitute: The Safety and Function of Artificial and Natural Sweeteners
Authors: Wu Kety 
Published: February 2024

As the global prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other non-communicable diseases continues to rise, there is growing attention to the importance of a proper diet and managing energy intake. There is a growing desire for sugar alternatives as the harmful consequences of excessive sugar consumption on human health become more and more obvious. This article aims to consolidate current knowledge and research findings on sugar substitutes, with a focus on their digestive processes, taste characteristics, and potential health risks within the human body. The paper provides an examination of various sugar substitutes, including four artificial sweeteners which is aspartame, saccharin, Ace-K, and sucralose, as well as natural sweeteners like stevia and erythritol. Each category is assessed for its suitability in different food applications and associated toxicity studies, drawing comparisons to sucrose. The regulatory framework and safety assessment surrounding sugar substitutes are also discussed, underscoring the importance of understanding their potential health effects. Furthermore, this study explored the benefits of sugar substitutes in terms of calorie control and their potential to improve dietary choices for specific patient groups. The potential impact of sugar substitutes on environmental pollution, gut microbiota, and metabolic syndrome is also examined, highlighting areas that warrant further research. The conflicting results from some studies on the toxicity of sugar substitutes are also addressed, contributing to solve the ongoing controversy surrounding their use.
Green Hydrogen Policies in the Clean Energy Transition- A Comparative Analysis of Russia and China
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyi 
Published: February 2024

Green hydrogen leads energy transition plans to address environmental issues worldwide. As governments seek to cut carbon emissions and improve energy security, green hydrogen from wind, solar, and hydropower appears to be promising. This abstract summarizes an in-depth comparative research of green hydrogen economies and regulatory frameworks in China and Russia, two key geopolitical powers. China, the world's greatest greenhouse gas emitter, and Russia, an energy exporter, shape the global energy landscape. Both nations have pledged to green hydrogen generation as part of their decarbonization efforts. This report examines their green hydrogen efforts' distinctive features and trajectories, including their investment motivations, aspirations, and technology advances. This paper compares China and Russia's green hydrogen development policy frameworks and regulatory processes. It investigates policy levers that drive or hinder growth, public-private partnerships, and worldwide sustainability objectives. The geopolitical consequences of China and Russia's green hydrogen efforts are also examined. It examines how their policies affect regional and global energy, commerce, and diplomatic ties. The research also examines whether these two countries will cooperate or compete in the green hydrogen industry. This study seeks to analyze China and Russia's green hydrogen landscapes via energy policy analysis, environmental studies, and international relations. Policymakers, business stakeholders, and researchers interested in the transition to a sustainable energy future and its geopolitical consequences benefit from its insights into their plans, difficulties, and regulatory settings. This report adds to the worldwide discussion on using green hydrogen as a key component of a decarbonized energy system.
Effect of Antibiotic Spacer Dosing on Treatment Success in Two-Stage Exchange for Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Warwick Hunter S. , Tan Timothy L. , Rangwalla Khuzaima , Shau David N. , Barry Jeffrey J. , Hansen Erik N. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
In two-stage exchange for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), adding antibiotics to cement spacers is the standard of care; however, little is known about optimal dosage. There is emphasis on using >3.6 g of total antibiotic, including ≥2.0 g of vancomycin, per 40 g of cement, but these recommendations lack clinical evidence. We examined whether recommended antibiotic spacer doses affect treatment success.

Methods:
This was a retrospective review of 202 patients who underwent two-stage exchange for PJI from 2004 to 2020 with at least 1-year follow-up. Patients were separated into high (>3.6 g of total antibiotic per 40 g of cement) and low-dose spacer groups. Primary outcomes were overall and infectious failure.

Results:
High-dose spacers were used in 80% (162/202) of patients. High-dose spacers had a reduced risk of overall (OR, 0.37; P = 0.024) and infectious (OR, 0.35; P = 0.020) failure for infected primary arthroplasties, but not revisions. In multivariate analysis, vancomycin dose ≥2.0 g decreased the risk of infectious failure (OR, 0.31; P = 0.016), although not overall failure (OR, 0.51; P = 0.147).

Conclusion:
During two-stage exchange for PJI, spacers with greater than 3.6 g of total antibiotic may reduce overall and infectious failure for infected primary arthroplasties. Furthermore, using at least 2.0 g of vancomycin could independently decrease the risk of infectious failure.
Pembuatan Jobsheet Pada Mata Kuliah Prakte Instalasi Listrik Komersil di Universitas Negeri Medan
Authors: Zulkhairiansah Zulkhairiansah , Purba Sukarman , Sulastri Sitakar Niken , Fadilah Aria 
Published: February 2024

To improve the quality of education, the government has added curricula such as the 2013 curriculum and the Independent Learning Curriculum. In order to achieve an effective and efficient learning process, learning can be optimized by developing learning strategies. Achieving this process requires media support and learning resources, either through theory or practice. Therefore researchers are trying to develop an effective and practical commercial electrical practicum Joobsheet that facilitates access to learning resources and reference materials for lecturers and students while increasing students' knowledge, understanding and academic achievement. The research methodology in this study is R and D using a 4D model which involving a sample of 20 Electrical Engineering Education students of UNIMED and 3 professional validators. As a result, media and material experts gave a score of 0.8 which means the commercial electrical installation Jobsheet is effective, and practice experts give a score of 0.92 which means the commercial electrical installation Jobsheet is very practical. Out of 17 students felt the Jobsheet was very practical and 3 students found it practical. Based on this, the researchers concluded that Jobsheets are effective for learning commercial electrical installations.
Enfoques innovadores en el uso de anticoagulantes en enfermedades cardiovasculares: Un análisis detallado desde la perspectiva de la Medicina Interna
Authors: Aucancela Yapud Ana Lucia , Colcha Valdivieso Mishell Cecibel , Andrade Mafla Jaime Fernando , Cortés Gómez Alfonso Javier , Alverca Castillo Sthefany Catherine , Pumisacho Gualoto Dayana Michelle , Guaman Criollo Jeanette Alexandra 
Published: February 2024

Introducción: La formación de coágulos es un mecanismo complejo que tiene como finalidad prevenir el sangrado tras sufrir un daño. Sin embargo, en ocasiones la formación de coágulos puede desencadenar un infarto de miocardio, infarto cerebral, o formación de coágulos en las venas o dentro de las aurículas del corazón, y en estos casos, la administración de fármacos anticoagulantes es fundamental
Desarrollo: El desarrollo aborda todo lo relacionado con el uso de los anticoagulantes en enfermedades cardiovasculares y su pespectiva de la Medicina Interna. Además, se aborda sus ventajas, contraindicaciones, clasificación. Concluyendo con las futuras líneas de investigación con respecto a la temática abordada en el artículo.
Conclusiones: En cardiología, la terapia anticoagulante oral ha jugado un papel fundamental en la prevención del tromboembolismo sistémico, especialmente en FA y valvulopatías, especialmente en presencia de estenosis mitral de válvulas nativas y prótesis valvulares mecánicas.
Optimization of culture conditions to express AA9 Polysaccharide monooxygenases AN3860 in Escherichia coli
Authors: Nhung Cam Thi Ngo  , Le Quynh Loan  , Vu Van Van  
Published: February 2024

Lignocellulose biomass is a copious source for second generation biomaterial production. The participant of Polysaccharide monooxygenases enzyme (PMO) in the reactions which convert lignocellulose biomass into monosaccharides enhances the activity and improve the efficiency of hydrolysis of hydrolase enzymes on lignocellulose substrate. Enzyme AN3860, obtained from Aspergillus nidulans strain belonging to AA9 PMO, is expected to catalyze flexibly at C1 and C4 carbon positions of β-glycosidic linkage. As an enzyme with high potential of improving cellulose crystals hydrolysis capacity, AN3860 was successfully cloned into the expression system of E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain. In this study, the culture process of recombinant strain with AN3680 gene is optimized to increase the target proteins yield, thus ensure the outcome of purification process, and save production cost. The results demonstrate that the E. coli recombinant strains grow sufficiently in TB (Terrific Broth) culture media and the highest yield of AN3680 protein achieved when the concentration of Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) is 0.05 mM and the temperature of the reaction is 30 0C at 150 rpm. After 6 hours of induction, the biomass reaches 500 mg/L and the yield of AN3860 account for (7-10) % total protein generated. The recombinant AN3860 protein is later harvested on larger scale and purified by Ni-NTA column chromatography method for analysis of bioactivities on lignocellulose substrates in the future.
® 2022 Journal of Science and Technology - NTTU