bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing anaerobic speed reserve: A systematic review on the validity and reliability of methods to determine maximal aerobic speed and maximal sprinting speed in running-based sports
Authors: Thron Maximiliane , Düking Peter , Ruf Ludwig , Härtel Sascha , Woll Alexander , Altmann Stefan 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Locomotor profiling using anaerobic speed reserve (ASR) enables insights into athletes’ physiological and neuromuscular contributing factors and prescription of high-intensity training beyond maximal aerobic speed (MAS). This systematic review aimed to determine the validity and reliability of different methods to assess the characteristics of ASR, i.e., MAS and maximal sprinting speed (MSS).

Methods
A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they reported data on validity and/or reliability for methods to assess MAS or MSS.

Results
58 studies were included with 28 studies referring to MAS and 30 studies to MSS. Regarding MAS, different methods for cardiopulmonary exercise testing yielded different values (four out of seven studies) of MAS (Cohen’s d (ES) = 0.83–2.8; Pearson’s r/intraclass correlation coefficient (r/ICC) = 0.46–0.85). Criterion validity of different field tests showed heterogeneous results (ES = 0–3.57; r/ICC = 0.40–0.96). Intraday and interday reliability was mostly acceptable for the investigated methods (ICC/r>0.76; CV<16.9%). Regarding MSS, radar and laser measurements (one out of one studies), timing gates (two out of two studies), and video analysis showed mostly good criterion validity (two out of two studies) (ES = 0.02–0.53; r/ICC = 0.93–0.98) and reliability (r/ICC>0.83; CV<2.43%). Criterion validity (ES = 0.02–7.11) and reliability (r/ICC = 0.14–0.97; CV = 0.7–9.77%) for global or local positioning systems (seven out of nine studies) and treadmill sprinting (one out of one studies) was not acceptable in most studies.

Conclusion
The criterion validity of incremental field tests or shuttle runs to examine MAS cannot be confirmed. Results on time trials indicate that distances adapted to the participants’ sporting background, fitness, or sex might be suitable to estimate MAS. Regarding MSS, only sprints with radar or laser measures, timing gates, or video analysis provide valid and reliable results for linear sprints of 20 to 70 m.
Recent Immigrants With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Have Significant Healthcare Utilization From Preconception to Postpartum: A Population Cohort Study
Authors: Tandon Parul , Huang Vivian , Feig Denice S. , Saskin Refik , Maxwell Cynthia , Gao Yiding , Fell Deshayne B. , Seow Cynthia H. , Snelgrove John W. , Nguyen Geoffrey C. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Immigrants with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may have increased healthcare utilization during pregnancy compared with non-immigrants, although this remains to be confirmed. We aimed to characterize this between these groups.

METHODS:
We accessed administrative databases to identify women (aged 18–55 years) with IBD with a singleton pregnancy between 2003 and 2018. Immigration status was defined as recent (<5 years of the date of conception), remote (≥5 years since the date of conception), and none. Differences in ambulatory, emergency department, hospitalization, endoscopic, and prenatal visits during 12 months preconception, pregnancy, and 12 months postpartum were characterized. Region of immigration origin was ascertained. Multivariable negative binomial regression was performed for adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS:
A total of 8,880 pregnancies were included, 8,304 in non-immigrants, 96 in recent immigrants, 480 in remote immigrants. Compared with non-immigrants, recent immigrants had the highest rates of IBD-specific ambulatory visits during preconception (aIRR 3.06, 95% CI 1.93–4.85), pregnancy (aIRR 2.15, 95% CI 1.35–3.42), and postpartum (aIRR 2.21, 1.37–3.57) and the highest rates of endoscopy visits during preconception (aIRR 2.69, 95% CI 1.64–4.41) and postpartum (aIRR 2.01, 95% CI 1.09–3.70). There were no differences in emergency department and hospitalization visits between groups, although those arriving from the Americas were the most likely to be hospitalized for any reason. All immigrants with IBD were less likely to have a first trimester prenatal visit.

DISCUSSION:
Recent immigrants were more likely to have IBD-specific ambulatory care but less likely to receive adequate prenatal care during pregnancy.
Making Music
Authors: Allsbrook Jr. William C. 
Published: January 2024

The banjo has been emblematic of the Southern Appalachian Mountains since the late twentieth century. Making Music: The Banjo in a Southern Appalachian County takes a close look at the instrument and banjo players in Haywood County, North Carolina. Author William C. Allsbrook Jr., MD, presents the oral histories of thirty-two banjo players, all but two of whom were born in Haywood County. These talented musicians recount, in their own words, their earliest memories of music, and of the banjo, as well as the appeal of the banjo. They also discuss learning to play the instrument, including what it “feels like” playing the banjo, many describing occasional “flow states.”
In the book, Allsbrook explores an in-home musical folkway that developed along the colonial frontier. By the mid-1800s, frontier expansion had ceased in Haywood County due to geographic barriers, but the in-home musical tradition, including the banjo, survived in largely isolated areas. Vestiges of that tradition remain to this day, although the region has undergone significant changes over the lifetimes of the musicians interviewed. As a result, the survival of the in-home tradition is not guaranteed. Readers are invited into the private lives of the banjo players and asked to consider the future of the banjo in the face of contemporary trends. The future will be shaped by how this remarkable mountain culture continues to adapt to these challenges. Still, this thriving community of banjo players represents the vibrant legacy of the banjo in Haywood County and the persistence of tradition in the twenty-first century.
Do IHGB à BNCC
Authors: OLIVEIRA DINIZ MICHAEL KENNEDY , Emanuelle Nascimento Patrícia 
Published: January 2024

Esse artigo, por meio de um panorama histórico das diretrizes e Constituições, engendradas a partir da Proclamação da República, o conceito de cidadania e suas transformações nos próximos períodos institucionais, pretende compreender as tensões e conflitos sociais conforme as imposições Estatutárias e Institucionais do Estado aos povos Indígenas. Perpassando pela acessibilidade, direito, currículos das escolas e Ensino de História, bem como às representatividades nas narrativas dos livros didáticos e movimentos acadêmicos, busco compreender as imposições colonialistas na construção da nação brasileira, os silenciamentos no que concerne, o protagonismo indígena em nossa cultura e constituição nacional. Nesse sentido, leva-se em consideração as formas de dominância do Estado e o Regime Tutelar, presente na tratativa desses povos, os conflitos agrários e interesses econômicos que envolvem essa relação.
The correlation of urea and creatinine concentrations in sweat and saliva with plasma during hemodialysis: an observational cohort study
Authors: Adelaars Sophie , Konings Constantijn J.A.M. , Cox Lieke , Boonen Eva , Mischi Massimo , Bouwman R. Arthur , van de Kerkhof Daan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Urea and creatinine concentrations in plasma are used to guide hemodialysis (HD) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). To support individualized HD treatment in a home situation, there is a clinical need for a non-invasive and continuous alternative to plasma for biomarker monitoring during and between cycles of HD. In this observational study, we therefore established the correlation of urea and creatinine concentrations between sweat, saliva and plasma in a cohort of ESRD patients on HD.

Methods
Forty HD patients were recruited at the Dialysis Department of the Catharina Hospital Eindhoven. Sweat and salivary urea and creatinine concentrations were analyzed at the start and at the end of one HD cycle and compared to the corresponding plasma concentrations.

Results
A decrease of urea concentrations during HD was observed in sweat, from 27.86 mmol/L to 12.60 mmol/L, and saliva, from 24.70 mmol/L to 5.64 mmol/L. Urea concentrations in sweat and saliva strongly correlated with the concentrations in plasma (ρ 0.92 [p<0.001] and 0.94 [p<0.001], respectively). Creatinine concentrations also decreased in sweat from 43.39 μmol/L to 19.69 μmol/L, and saliva, from 59.00 μmol/L to 13.70 μmol/L. However, for creatinine, correlation coefficients were lower than for urea for both sweat and saliva compared to plasma (ρ: 0.58 [p<0.001] and 0.77 [p<0.001], respectively).

Conclusions
The results illustrate a proof of principle of urea measurements in sweat and saliva to monitor HD adequacy in a non-invasive and continuous manner. Biosensors enabling urea monitoring in sweat or saliva could fill in a clinical need to enable at-home HD for more patients and thereby decrease patient burden.
Data that Should Not Have Been Given: Noise and Immunity in James Newitt’s HAVEN
Authors: Willemars Ilios 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article performs a close reading of HAVEN, a 2023 digital video installation by James Newitt. It analyses the way in which the work discusses issues around privacy, surveillance, and the management of digital data. Newitt’s work tells the story of how an abandoned anti-aircraft defence tower off the Suffolk coast in the North Sea was turned first into a pirate radio station and then into a data haven; a collection of servers meant to avoid early Internet regulation. Investigating the many ways in which HAVEN can be understood as noisy, a concept borrowed from Michel Serres, this article proposes that Newitt’s work is at its most generative in its suggestion of a theory of (auto-)immunity that complicates contemporary discussions of privacy centred on visibility (Derrida, Foucault). Moving away from a model of surveillance, and drawing on the work of Philip E. Agre, this text seeks to understand the dynamics of power made visible in HAVEN with reference to the notion of capture. The article proposes that HAVEN’s poetics are of interest both aesthetically and in terms of content as they examine a contemporary territorial logic of the Internet and its connections to empire.
Gasotransmitters do not prevent changes in transepithelial ion transport induced by hypoxia followed by reoxygenation
Authors: Claßen Rebecca , Diener Martin , Pouokam Ervice 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
How gaseous signalling molecules affect ion transport processes contributing to the physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract under hypoxic conditions still needs to be clarified. The objective of the present study was to characterize the impact of gaseous signalling molecules on parameters of colonic ion transport during a hypoxia/reoxygenation cycle and the remaining secretory capacity of the epithelium after such a cycle.

Methods
Short-circuit current (Isc) and tissue conductance (Gt) recordings in Ussing chamber experiments were performed on rat colon samples using CORM-2 (putative CO donor; 35 and 350 µM), sodium nitroprusside (NO donor; 100 µM), NaHS (fast H2S donor; 10 – 1,000 µM), GYY 4137 (slow H2S donor; 50 µM) and Angeli’s salt (HNO donor; 100 µM) as donors for gasotransmitters. Inhibition of endogenous synthesis of H2S was operated by inhibitors of cystathionin-γ-lyase, i.e. dl-propargylglycine (1 mM) or β-cyano-l-alanine (5 mM), and the inhibitor of cystathionine-β-synthase, amino-oxyacetate (5 mM).

Results
The fast gasotransmitter donors NaHS, sodium nitroprusside and Angeli’s salt, administered 5 min before the onset of hypoxia, induced an increase in Isc. The response to the subsequently applied hypoxia was characterized by a decrease in Isc, which tended to be reduced only in the presence of the lowest concentration of NaHS (10 µM) tested. Reoxygenation resulted in a slow increase in Isc, which was unaffected by all donors or inhibitors tested. The stable acetylcholine derivative carbachol (50 µM) was administered at the end of each hypoxia/reoxygenation cycle to test the secretory capacity of the epithelium. Pretreatment of the tissue with the putative CO donor CORM-2 suppressed the secretory response induced by carbachol. The same was observed when cystathionin-γ-lyase and cystathionin-γ-synthase were inhibited simultaneously. Under both conditions, Gt drastically increased suggesting an impaired tissue integrity.

Conclusions
The present results demonstrate that none of the exogenous gasotransmitter releasing drugs significantly ameliorated the changes in epithelial ion transport during the hypoxia/reoxygenation cycle ex vivo. In contrast, the putative CO donor CORM-2 exerted a toxic effect on the epithelium. The endogenous production of H2S, however, seems to have a protective effect on the mucosal integrity and the epithelial transport functions, which – when inhibited – leads to a loss of the secretory ability of the mucosa. This observation together with the trend for improvement observed with a low concentration of the H2S donor NaHS suggests a moderate protective role of low concentrations of H2S under hypoxic conditions.
Three-dimensionally printable hollow silica nanoparticles for subambient passive cooling
Authors: Park Su-Jin , Seo Seok-Beom , Shim Jiyun , Hong Seok Jin , Kang Gumin , Ko Hyungduk , Jeong Sunho , Kim Sun-Kyung 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Solar reflectance and thermal emissivity are critical benchmarks for evaluating the effectiveness of passive cooling strategies. The integration of three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques with passive cooling materials enables local thermal management of multifaceted objects, offering opportunities for unexplored energy-saving applications. For example, conformal printing of cooling materials can mitigate solar absorption caused by the top metal electrodes in solar cells, thereby improving their efficiency and lifetime. In this study, we report the synthesis of 3D printable hollow silica nanoparticles (HSNPs) designed to induce subambient cooling performance under daylight conditions. HSNPs with diameters of 400–700 nm and silica shell thicknesses of approximately 100 nm were synthesized using an in-situ sol–gel emulsion method. Subsequently, these HSNPs were formulated into printable pastes by carefully selecting the mixture concentration and molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The PVP-linked HSNPs exhibited a solar (0.3–2.5 μm) reflectivity of 0.98 and a thermal (8–13 μm) emissivity of 0.93. In contrast to a single silica nanoparticle (NP), the scattering analysis of a single HSNP revealed a distinctive scattering distribution characterized by amplified backward scattering and suppressed forward scattering. In outdoor daytime experiments, the HSNP-printed sample led to the subambient cooling of a dielectric substrate, surpassing the cooling performance of reference materials such as silica NPs, silver pastes, and commercial white plastics and paints.
Fabrication of 1 × N integrated power splitters with arbitrary power ratio for single and multimode photonics
Authors: Haines Jack , Vitali Valerio , Bottrill Kyle , Naik Pooja Uday , Gandolfi Marco , De Angelis Costantino , Franz Yohann , Lacava Cosimo , Petropoulos Periklis , Guasoni Massimiliano 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Compact power splitters are essential components in integrated optics. While 1 × 2 power splitters with uniform splitting are widely used, a 1 × N splitter with arbitrary number N of ports and arbitrary splitting ratio is yet to be demonstrated. In this work we address this problem. We fabricate and characterise 1 × N integrated power splitters that provide fully arbitrary splitting ratios. The core of our design is represented by an array of N non-equally spaced waveguides fabricated on a silicon nitride-on-insulator wafer. Any arbitrary 1 × N splitting ratio can be achieved by properly setting the array length and the dimension of the (N–1) nano-gaps between the adjacent waveguides. Most importantly, at variance with state-of-the-art solutions, our devices can be designed for arbitrary splitting of higher-order modes. In this manuscript we provide the first experimental demonstration of 1 × N arbitrary splitting ratio for both the fundamental modes (TE00 and TM00) and the TE01 mode, here up to N = 5 ports. With a footprint of 20 μm2/port, a bandwidth up to 70 nm and an excess losses <0.2 dB, our devices set a new benchmark for optical power splitters in both standard single-mode photonics as well as in the emerging integrated multimode photonics technology, and may therefore boost key photonic applications, from optimal power distribution and equalization up to signal processing operations.
Becoming Child of the Moment through Deleuzian Philosophy and Sufism
Authors: Sariyar Murat 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMy goal here is to make use of Deleuzian philosophy as a springboard for cultivating “being a child of the moment,” which is a phrase stemming from Sufism. Being fully present and aware in each moment is associated with surrendering oneself to the divine will and accepting whatever comes in the present moment without resistance. Unlike approaches that translate Deleuzian insights into theological concepts, the way of proceeding here involves traversing his philosophy, similar to traversing the phantasy in Lacanian psychoanalysis. Consequently, it neither fully adopts nor rejects Deleuzian philosophy but offers a parallax view that aims at deepening one’s connection with transcendence. The underlying premise is that strengthening this connection can be enhanced by engaging with an immanent philosophy that acknowledges non-representable singularities, provided its limitations are clearly delineated to prevent absorption into the depths and intricacies of that philosophy. To this end, the contrasting perspectives of eternity as a realm of potentialities and eternity as a timeless dimension detached from worldly connections are emphasized. During the writing process, the publication of MM Knight’s book “Sufi Deleuze” added a tangible ally and opponent, thereby lending further justification to the article’s title in retrospective. At the end, I will also delve into the relationship between Deleuzian philosophy and Derridean ontology, the realms of mysticism, and the existential aspect of death, and elucidate why Deleuzian philosophy can serve as a pivot for character development.
Interdisciplinary Approach to Overcoming the Persistence of Patriarchal Islamic Interpretations: Gender Equality, the Development of Empathy and Children’s Rights, and Insights from the Reformist Eurasian Scholars of Early Twentieth Century
Authors: Zhussipbek Galym , Tasbolat Assyltay , Nagayeva Zhanar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Gender equality and women’s rights are among the most discussed issues in the context of Islam. Any thorough analysis of the persistence of conservative patriarchal religious interpretations in Muslim communities should also consider social factors. The conservative appropriation of Islam is not only the result of theological factors but also a manifestation of a conservative and patriarchal habitus. This article draws attention to the vitality of empathy in establishing universal equal human dignity. It dwells on the idea of the universal innate nature of the child to offer some solutions to overcome the persistence of conservative religious interpretations and develop gender equality in the Muslim context. Also, the reformist views of the Jadids and Alash intellectuals, the Eurasian Muslim reformists of the early twentieth century, are analyzed as authentic historical and conceptual precedents to develop gender-egalitarian Islamic interpretations. Overall, this article establishes a connection between women’s rights in Islam, the universal innate nature of the child (and the universality of children’s right-friendly parenting and education that fosters empathy and critical thinking), and the intellectual legacy of the Jadids and Alash intellectuals, who wanted to transform the conservative and patriarchal habitus through educational reform, literary works, and a rationalistic, thematico-holistic approach to Islam.
Marked Themes in academic writing: a comparative look at the sciences and humanities
Authors: Leong Alvin Ping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Differences between science writing and humanities writing often appear as glosses in guidebooks, but empirical studies comparing these two genres of writing are uncommon. This study investigated the use of a highlighting mechanism – the Hallidayan notion of the marked Theme (MT) – to understand how the sciences and humanities foreground contextual information, and what this implies about the nature of writing in these two broad disciplines. The corpus comprised 80 research articles, 40 each from the sciences and humanities. MTs were analyzed for their grammatical forms and functions using the Hallidayan framework. The findings revealed that while both genres of writing had roughly the same proportions of MTs used, they differed in their use of thematized clauses. More non-finite clauses were found in science writing, and more finite clauses in humanities writing. Science writing favored the use of Cause MTs, whereas humanities writing used more Contingency and Angle MTs. These findings suggest that science writing values brevity and authorial presence. Humanities writing, by contrast, prefers a more elaborate writing style, with a focus on establishing the conditions needed for the authors’ interpretations, and integrating the viewpoints from other scholars. Suggestions for further research involving other disciplines and multi-disciplinary fields of study are recommended.
Characterisation of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete: Ductility and Service Life
Authors: Lok Guan Jacob Lim , Too Yi Yang , Teh Brice Joo Wei , Kum Yung Juan 
Published: January 2024

Plain concrete is a brittle material with low tensile strain and strength capacities. Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) has gained prominence as an innovative construction material, offering improved tensile and flexural properties over conventional concrete. Singapore Standards, “SS 674: Fiber concrete- Design of fiber concrete structures” just launched recently to offers a comprehensive structure for enhancing comprehension of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete. This study presents a comprehensive characterization of SFRC, focusing on both its mechanical properties particularly residual strength. Following this, a series of experimental works are conducted to assess the residual tensile strength under flexural loading behavior of SFRC specimens. Examining the tensile strength and residual strength of SFRC to assess its material strength and behaviour after being subjected to a load will help engineers comprehend the material's strengths and weaknesses. At 40 kg/m3 fibers content shows an increase of residual strength with a strain hardening behaviour observed as compared to the 20 kg/m3 and 30 kg/m3 fibers content. In conclusion, this study offers a holistic characterisation of SFRC, encompassing mechanical properties with higher residual strength. The outcomes provide scientific understanding and practical insights of SFRC for engineers and practitioners seeking to optimise the use of SFRC to enhance structural longevity and reduce maintenance costs.