bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex and diel period influence patterns of resource selection in elk
Authors: Padilla Benjamin J. , Banfield Jeremiah E. , Larkin Jeffery L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractResource selection and space use are important aspects of an animal's ecology and understanding these behaviors is necessary for proper wildlife management. We used mixed‐effect integrated step‐selection models to evaluate seasonal variation in resource selection between male and female elk (Cervus canadensis) and diel periods in central Pennsylvania, USA. Resource selection varied seasonally, between sexes, and across diel periods. These results demonstrate strong seasonal sexual segregation in resource use, and movements between habitats throughout the day, highlighting the dynamic nature of resource selection by elk and underscoring the importance of considering sexual variation at multiple temporal scales when designing ungulate management strategies. Finally, we developed habitat suitability maps for male and female elk in the Pennsylvania Elk Management Area. Wildlife ecologists and managers must consider multiple sources of variation in habitat use and resource selection, particularly for large mobile species such as elk.
Comparing Sleep Patterns and Clinical Features between Preschool and School‐Age Children with OSA
Authors: Chen Le , Huang Jingjing , Jiang Tao , Luo Huiping , Wei Chunsheng , Wu Haitao , Shao Jun , Li Wenyan 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate sleep patterns and investigate differences in clinical features among young individuals with snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).MethodsData from 213 children and adolescents who underwent polysomnography (PSG) for primary snoring or OSA were collected between July 2017 and December 2021. To analyze differences in sleep architecture, hypoxia levels, and other clinical features, the participants were divided into two age groups: a preschool group and a school‐age group.ResultsThe school‐age group had significantly higher apnea‐hypopnea index, obstructive apnea index, oxygen desaturation index, and body mass index than the preschool group. Both the lowest and average oxygen saturation levels were lower in the school‐age group. Adenoid hypertrophy was more prevalent in the preschool group. The rate of overweight or obesity was 35.6% in the preschool group and even 94.2% in the school‐age group. There were higher percentages of N1 and N2 sleep stages, and lower percentages of N3 and REM sleep stages in the school‐age group. The groups exhibiting moderate to severe OSA demonstrated significant alterations in the difference between sleeping and waking diastolic blood pressure.ConclusionThere is a higher frequency of respiratory events among school‐age children compared with their preschool peers. Moreover, alterations in sleep structure are more prominent in the school‐age group. Adenoid hypertrophy may serve as the primary instigator of OSA in preschool children, whereas the predominant causes in school‐age children may be obesity or excessive weight.Level of EvidenceRetrospective chart review, 3 Laryngoscope, 134:1472–1478, 2024
Response of soil microbial α‐diversity to grazing in grassland ecosystems: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Hang , Song Jianchao , Hou Qingqing , Yu Xiaojun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGrazing is one of the most important forms of terrestrial use, and the soil microbial community plays an important role in nutrient cycling and biodiversity maintenance of grazing grassland, but the response of soil bacterial and fungal communities α‐diversity to grazing and the potential mechanisms of grazing‐induced soil microbial change have not been well synthesized. We conducted a meta‐analysis of 87 pairs of globally distributed observations from 35 published papers to investigate the response of the soil microbial community to grazing and the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that light grazing increased the soil bacterial community Shannon index by 2.4%, but the soil fungal Shannon index decreased by 21.4%. Yak (Bos grunniens) grazing significantly increased the soil bacterial and fungal Shannon index by 1.5% and 11.3%, respectively. Grazing duration of 5–10 years increased the soil bacterial Chao1 index by 9.1% and fungal Chao1 and evenness indexes by 11.3% and 30.4%, respectively. In areas with <400 mm of precipitation, grazing decreased the soil bacterial Simpson index, and in areas of ≥400 mm, grazing also reduced the soil bacterial Simpson and increased the fungal richness and evenness. A linear analysis between soil microbial α‐diversity indexes and other related variables showed that soil bacterial and fungal communities α‐diversity and abundance under grazing conditions were significantly and positively correlated with grassland vegetation, soil pH, soil water content (SWC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), organic carbon (SOC), and nitrate nitrogen (NO3−‐N), suggesting that changes in microbial communities were the combined result of grazing‐induced vegetation and soil changes. Our results revealed the effects of grazing on soil bacterial and fungal α‐diversity and their underlying mechanisms, which provide a basis for advocating moderate grazing and studying grassland management practices.
Direct contribution of invertebrate holobionts to methane release from coastal sediments
Authors: Politi Tobia , Zilius Mindaugas , Bartoli Marco , Cardini Ulisse , Marzocchi Ugo , Bonaglia Stefano 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSediment macrofauna play a vital role in sustaining aquatic food webs and biogeochemical cycles. Previous research demonstrated that bioturbation indirectly affects methane (CH4) dynamics through mobilization of porewater and alteration of microbial processes in the surrounding sediment. However, little is known on the direct contribution of macrofauna holobionts (the assemblage of invertebrate host and associated microbiome) to biogeochemical fluxes. Here, we investigated how 19 taxa of macrofauna holobionts, from different estuarine habitats spanning 40° to 63° latitude, directly contribute to CH4 fluxes. Deep burrowing infauna and deposit feeders were responsible for the highest CH4 production, whereas epifauna and filter feeders promoted oxidative CH4 consumption. Among the different environmental parameters, salinity was inversely correlated with CH4 production by macrofauna holobionts, with the process suppressed at high salinity (≥ 33). This study provides empirical evidence on how functional traits and environmental factors influence sediment invertebrates' contribution to CH4 fluxes.
On‐Chip Near‐Infrared Spectral Sensing with Minimal Plasmon‐Modulated Channels
Authors: Zheng Qilin , Nan Xianghong , Chen Bojun , Wang Haiquan , Nie Hu , Gao Mengting , Liu Zhong , Wen Long , Cumming David R.S. , Chen Qin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpectroscopy is widely used in biomedicine, agriculture, remote sensing, industrial process monitoring, etc. The emerging on‐chip integration techniques further extend these applications to on‐site and portable operating modes. However, realizing high‐applicability and low‐cost spectroscopy chips is still a major challenge particularly in infrared due to the requirements on a large number of spectral channels. Here, a compact and low‐cost near‐infrared spectral sensing platform is demonstrated, releasing the burden of scaling up the spectral channel and simultaneously keeping a high accuracy in chemical classification. The monolithically integrated spectral sensor consists of a small amount of plasmon‐modulated narrowband photodetection units and operates with on‐chip photoelectric responses via a statistical machine learning method. Both plasmonic resonances with low spectral correlation and advanced regression algorithms contribute to high sensing accuracy in the case of limited hardware resources. Chemical concentration quantification, plastic sorting, and scanning spectral imaging are realized using such a sensor with up to twelve spectral channels. This concept avoids the uncertainty of various spectral reconstruction algorithms, high cost, and processing complexity and therefore provides promising strategies for miniaturized spectral sensing platforms.
Crystallization of Na2SrGe6O14:Cr3+,Yb3+ Glass Ceramics Enabling a Watt‐Level Output Power NIR‐I/NIR‐II Lighting Source
Authors: Wang Taoze , Wang Yuzhen , Chen Weibin , Xia Zhiguo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diodes (pc‐LEDs) lighting sources are applied in non‐destructive examination and illumination supplements for night monitoring. As a critical component of NIR pc‐LED, NIR phosphors are required to possess a high external quantum efficiency (EQE), super thermal stability, and broadband emission to meet applications. Here, Na2SrGe6O14:Cr3+ (NSGO:Cr) glass ceramics (GC) bulk via highly crystallization from glass precursor is fabricated and demonstrates an ultrabroad emission band centered at 815 nm with a full width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of 214 nm and a high EQE of 49.2%. Moreover, Yb3+ co‐doping significantly enhances Cr3+ → Yb3+ energy transfer (ET) due to the stronger Yb3+: 2F7/2‐2F5/2 absorption. Benefiting from the ET process, the Cr/Yb co‐doped GC exhibits NIR‐I/II emission with improved thermal stability from 30.1% to 65.0%. Furthermore, an encapsulant‐free NIR GC‐converted LED (GCc‐LED) is prepared and exhibits 52.2 mW NIR output power with a high photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.4%. Under a large current of 600 mA, the NIR device exhibits a watt‐level output power of 922.4 mW with a PCE of 9.1%. Compared to conventional NIR powder phosphors, NSGO:Cr/Yb GC with high performance can open up an avenue for the fabrication of high power NIR lighting sources.
FOXK1 upregulation is correlated with tumor progression and tumor associated macrophages infiltration in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Shaojun , Pan Xiuwu , Zhang Liang , Cui Xingang , Ye Jianqing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common urological cancers in adults. Forkhead box k1 (FOXK1) is a transcription factor involved in the progression of various malignant tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression and roles of FOXK1 in RCC development. Our findings revealed increased expression of FOXK1 in RCC tumor tissues and cell lines compared with normal controls. Functional assays demonstrated that knockdown of FOXK1 significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis in RCC cells. Furthermore, FOXK1 knockdown suppressed epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and Wnt signaling in RCC cells. Additionally, we observed a correlation between FOXK1 upregulation and tumor associated macrophages infiltration in RCC. These results suggest that FOXK1 acts as an oncogene in RCC and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for RCC treatment.
Association of KDR (rs2071559, rs1870377), CFH (rs1061170, rs1410996) genes variants and serum levels with pituitary adenoma
Authors: Bruzaite Akvile , Gedvilaite Greta , Kriauciuniene Loresa , Liutkeviciene Rasa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionPituitary adenomas (PA) are slow‐growing, benign tumors that usually do not metastasize to other body organs. Although they are referred to as benign, tumor growth can eventually put pressure on nearby structures, spread to surrounding tissues, and cause symptoms. The exact cause of PA is unknown, and the pathogenesis is multifactorial.MethodsOur study included PA patients and healthy volunteers. Genomic DNA was extracted using the DNA salting‐out method. All participants were genotyped for the KDR rs2071559, rs1870377, CFH rs1061170, and rs1410996 polymorphisms. Serum levels of KDR and CFH were examined using the ELISA method.ResultsThe results of the present study showed that KDR rs2071559 A allele was associated with the occurrence of PA, hormonally active PA, invasive PA, and PA without recurrence development. KDR rs1870377 increased the probability of invasive PA and PA recurrence. CFH rs1061170 C allele was associated with hormonally active PA and the T allele was associated with non‐invasive PA development.ConclusionKDR rs2071559, rs1870377, and CFH rs1061170 could be potential biomarkers associated with PA.
ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI): ASL pipeline inventory
Authors: Fan Hongli , Mutsaerts Henk J. M. M. , Anazodo Udunna , Arteaga Daniel , Baas Koen P. A. , Buchanan Charlotte , Camargo Aldo , Keil Vera C. , Lin Zixuan , Lindner Thomas , Hirschler Lydiane , Hu Jian , Padrela Beatriz E. , Taghvaei Mohammad , Thomas David L. , Dolui Sudipto , Petr Jan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTo create an inventory of image processing pipelines of arterial spin labeling (ASL) and list their main features, and to evaluate the capability, flexibility, and ease of use of publicly available pipelines to guide novice ASL users in selecting their optimal pipeline.MethodsDevelopers self‐assessed their pipelines using a questionnaire developed by the Task Force 1.1 of the ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging. Additionally, each publicly available pipeline was evaluated by two independent testers with basic ASL experience using a scoring system created for this purpose.ResultsThe developers of 21 pipelines filled the questionnaire. Most pipelines are free for noncommercial use (n = 18) and work with the standard NIfTI (Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative) data format (n = 15). All pipelines can process standard 3D single postlabeling delay pseudo‐continuous ASL images and primarily differ in their support of advanced sequences and features. The publicly available pipelines (n = 9) were included in the independent testing, all of them being free for noncommercial use. The pipelines, in general, provided a trade‐off between ease of use and flexibility for configuring advanced processing options.ConclusionAlthough most ASL pipelines can process the common ASL data types, only some (namely, ASLPrep, ASLtbx, BASIL/Quantiphyse, ExploreASL, and MRICloud) are well‐documented, publicly available, support multiple ASL types, have a user‐friendly interface, and can provide a useful starting point for ASL processing. The choice of an optimal pipeline should be driven by specific data to be processed and user experience, and can be guided by the information provided in this ASL inventory.
A 3D cohesive‐frictional coupled interface model for mesoscale simulation of steel fibre‐reinforced concrete
Authors: Yang Zhenjun , Zhang Xin , Wang Zhenyu , Li Q. M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA 3D mesoscale finite element modelling approach is developed for simulating complicated damage and fracture behaviour in steel fibre‐reinforced concrete (SFRC) with explicit modelling of fibre–matrix interfaces. In this approach, a new 3D four‐noded cohesive‐frictional coupled interface element is developed to model the nonlinear interfacial bond‐slip behaviour, supplemented by a kinematic multiple‐point‐constraint (kMPC) algorithm to simulate the wrapping effect of the mortar around the fibres. They are implemented as a user‐defined element (UEL) and a user‐defined MPC subroutine in ABAQUS, respectively. Three cohesive‐frictional constitutive relationships are proposed to describe the nonlinear bond‐slip behaviour of different fibre–matrix compositions. The new approach is validated by single fibre pullout tests, direct tensile tests and three‐point bending tests of SFRC specimens with randomly distributed fibres. The results show that the new approach is capable of effectively capturing typical failure mechanisms in SFRC, such as fibre yielding, matrix failure, and fibre–matrix debonding and slipping.
Developing a prediction model of career plateau for nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhu Hongmei , Li Mingzi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimThe study aimed to understand the current situation regarding career plateaus experienced by nurses. The objectives were to analyze factors influencing career plateau, and develop a prediction model for career plateau for nurses.DesignA cross‐sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling.MethodsParticipants were 2680 nurses from six tertiary hospitals. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to investigate the influencing factors and develop a prediction model of career plateau.ResultsThe overall incidence rate of nurses reaching a career plateau was 34%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, position, whether specialized nurses, life satisfaction, organizational support, personal ability and selection tendency were the factors influencing career plateau. The prediction model indicates that older nurses are more likely to reach a career plateau than their younger counterparts, and those who think they have strong personal ability and do not value their work very much are more likely to have a career plateau. Giving nurses more promotion space and learning opportunities, improving life satisfaction, and organizational support are conducive to reducing the occurrence of career plateau.
Resilience, activities of daily living, and well‐being in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chen Chia‐Pei , Lee Szu‐Ying , Tsay Shiow‐Luan , Tung Heng‐Hsin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimThe aim was to investigate the associations of activities of daily living, resilience and the well‐being among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and provide a long‐term follow‐up study.DesignA longitudinal design was used.MethodsThe instruments included the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) Scale to assess the activities of daily living as well as the Resilience Scale and Well‐Being Scale. A regression analysis was used to predict the factors related to well‐being. A repeated‐measures ANOVA was used for long‐term follow‐up with regard to IADLs, resilience and well‐being.ResultsA total of 105 eligible participants were enrolled, of whom 59% were men and 41% were women. Interactions at three time points among IADLs, resilience, and well‐being were reported. IADLs were significantly and positively associated with resilience and well‐being. Resilience was a significant predictor of well‐being. The well‐being score increased by 0.24 points for every 1‐point increase in the resilience score.ConclusionIADLs, resilience, and well‐being are correlated in patients with CKD, and resilience is a predictor of well‐being. Higher resilience is associated with higher well‐being. Therefore, clinical care providers need to access the resilience level of CKD patients as early as possible and design appropriate interventions to improve mental health and quality of life.
Supporters' experiences of sensory characteristics of children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in after‐school daycare centres: A qualitative study
Authors: Koto Yuta , Tomozawa Machiko , Sato Toshiaki , Niinomi Kazuteru , Sakai Norio , Nagai Toshisaburo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo examine how supporters working at after‐school daycare centres, who are involved in the lives of children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in the community, pay attention to the sensory characteristics of these children and provide support.DesignA qualitative descriptive design.MethodsData were collected through semi‐structured interviews with 20 supporters in after‐school daycare centres. Interview transcripts were analysed via qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe participants' years of involvement in supporting children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities ranged from 0.5 to 40 years, with an average of 9.8 years. Data were classified into 68 subcategories, 11 categories and three themes: understanding sensory characteristics and devising support, systematic support and challenges supporting the children. Supporters dealt with physical complications and cooperated with other caregivers to understand and respond to children's sensory characteristics. Difficulties dealing with sensory characteristics, challenges due to the supporters' own characteristics and challenges with the facility's infrastructure were identified. The findings could guide sensory characteristics considerations and support systems in after‐school daycare facilities for children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. Both support content and challenges in supporting these children were identified.
Are policy mixes in energy regulation effective in curbing carbon emissions? Insights from China's energy regulation policies
Authors: Wu Jianxian , Nie Xin , Wang Han 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe consider the policy mixes of three categories of energy regulation policies in China: renewable energy law (mandatory policy), low‐carbon city pilot (voluntary policy), and carbon emissions trading system (market‐based policy). The mix of mandatory, voluntary, and market‐based policies mitigates 4.359 million metric tons of carbon emissions. Voluntary and market‐based energy policies work, while mandatory policy fails due to rent‐seeking by local officials. Policy mixes are more effective in undeveloped and politically average regions than in developed and politically rich ones. Government attention, industrial structure, and green innovation are the economic mechanisms; consistency, coherence, credibility, and comprehensiveness are the policy mechanisms. Our study highlights that policy category, rather than policy quantity, matters more in determining policy effect.
Material properties of spray‐dried cellulose nanocrystal reinforced homopolymer polypropylene composites
Authors: Wang Xueqi , Wang Pixiang , Liu Shaoyang , Crouse Justin , Gardner Douglas J. , Via Brian , Gallagher Tom , Elder Thomas , Peng Yucheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpray‐dried cellulose nanocrystal (SDCNC) particles have attracted intense interest as reinforcements in polymer composites because of their unique physical and mechanical properties. This work aims to develop homopolymer polypropylene (HPP) composites with different loading levels of SDCNC particles (5, 10, 15, and 30 wt%) to understand their impact on composite mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties. The SDCNC‐reinforced HPP composites were manufactured using a C.W. Brabender bowl internal mixer with a masterbatch concept and an injection molding process. The mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of the composites were investigated. Compared to pure HPP, the tensile, and flexural modulus of elasticity (MOE) of composites with 30 wt% SDCNC significantly increased by up to 67% and 49%. The impact strength of the composites with the absence of a compatibilizer significantly increased by up to 19%, which was attributed to the mechanical interlocking network established between SDCNC particles and HPP. Additionally, increasing SDCNC loading in the composites led to higher crystallization peak temperatures and increased the degree of crystallinity (especially at 30 wt% SDCNC content), indicating that the SDCNC particles can act as heterogeneous nucleating agents during the crystallization process. The thermal stability of the composite was slightly improved upon SDCNC introduction.Highlights
With the incorporation of spray‐dried cellulose nanocrystal (SDCNC), the tensile modulus of elasticity (MOE), flexural MOE, and impact strength of filled homopolymer polypropylene (HPP) composites were significantly improved by up to 67%, 49%, and 19%, respectively.
Mechanical interlocking network established between SDCNC and HPP contributed to the enhanced the impact strength.
SDCNC particles can act as heterogeneous nucleating agents to promote the crystallization process of HPP.
SDCNC particles slightly enhanced the thermal stability of HPP composite.