bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking cancer initiation: The role of large‐scale mutational events
Authors: Shah Amil 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCancer initiation is revisited in light of recent discoveries in cancer pathogenesis. Of note is the detection of mutated cancer genes in benign conditions. More significantly, somatic clones, which harbor mutations in cancer genes, arise in normal tissues from early development through adulthood, but seldom do they transform into cancer. Further, clustered mutational events—kataegis, chromothripsis and chromoplexy—are widespread in cancer, generating point mutations and chromosomal rearrangements in a single cellular catastrophe. These observations are contrary to the prevailing somatic mutation theory, which states that a cancer is caused by the gradual accumulation of mutations over time. A different perspective is proposed within the framework of Waddington's epigenetic landscape wherein tumorigenesis is viewed primarily as a disruption of cell development. Cell types are defined by their specific gene‐expression profiles, determined by the gene regulatory network, and can be regarded as attractor states of the network dynamics: they represent specific, self‐stabilizing patterns of gene activities across the genome. However, large‐scale mutational events reshape the landscape topology, creating abnormal “unphysiological” attractors. This is the crux of the process of initiation. Initiation primes the cell for conversion into a tumor phenotype by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, which drive cell proliferation and clonal diversification. This view of tumorigenesis calls for a different approach to therapy.
Characterizing systemic physiological effects on the blood oxygen level dependent signal of resting‐state fMRI in time‐frequency space using wavelets
Authors: Lee Quimby N. , Chen Jingyuan E. , Wheeler Gregory J. , Fan Audrey P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSystemic physiological dynamics, such as heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration volume per time (RVT), are known to account for significant variance in the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal of resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). However, synchrony between these cardiorespiratory changes and the BOLD signal could be due to neuronal (i.e., autonomic activity inducing changes in heart rate and respiration) or vascular (i.e., cardiorespiratory activity facilitating hemodynamic changes and thus the BOLD signal) effects and the contributions of these effects may differ spatially, temporally, and spectrally. In this study, we characterize these brain–body dynamics using a wavelet analysis in rapidly sampled rsfMRI data with simultaneous pulse oximetry and respiratory monitoring of the Human Connectome Project. Our time–frequency analysis across resting‐state networks (RSNs) revealed differences in the coherence of the BOLD signal and heartbeat interval (HBI)/RVT dynamics across frequencies, with unique profiles per network. Somatomotor (SMN), visual (VN), and salience (VAN) networks demonstrated the greatest synchrony with both systemic physiological signals when compared to other networks; however, significant coherence was observed in all RSNs regardless of direct autonomic involvement. Our phase analysis revealed distinct frequency profiles of percentage of time with significant coherence between BOLD and systemic physiological signals for different phase offsets across RSNs, suggesting that the phase offset and temporal order of signals varies by frequency. Lastly, our analysis of temporal variability of coherence provides insight on potential influence of autonomic state on brain–body communication. Overall, the novel wavelet analysis enables an efficient characterization of the dynamic relationship between cardiorespiratory activity and the BOLD signal in spatial, temporal, and spectral dimensions to inform our understanding of autonomic states and improve our interpretation of the BOLD signal.
The involvement of calcium in the toxic effect of 4‐methylethcathinone on SH‐SY5Y cells
Authors: Zhang Wei , Cao Fangqi , Li Ming , Xu Zhiwen , Sun Jing , Huang Zhiwei , Shi Ping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeurotoxicity induced by psychoactive substances is often accompanied by an imbalance of intracellular calcium ions. It is unclear whether calcium ions play a role in the toxicity induced by psychoactive substances. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the occurrence of calcium dysregulation and its contribution to cytotoxicity in human neurotypic SH‐SY5Y cells challenged with a recently developed psychoactive substance 4‐methylethcathinone (4‐MEC). An increase in the intracellular calcium was detected by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and Fluo‐3 AM dye in SH‐SY5Y cells after being treated with 4‐MEC. The increase of intracellular Ca2+ level mediated G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and ROS/endoplasmic reticulum stress‐autophagy signaling pathways to achieve the toxicity of 4‐MEC. In particular, N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine, a classical antioxidant, was found to be a potential treatment for 4‐MEC‐induced toxicity. Taken together, our results demonstrate that an increase in intracellular calcium content is one of the mechanisms of 4‐MEC‐induced toxicity. This study provides a molecular basis for the toxicity mechanism and therapeutic intervention of psychoactive substances.
Snyre for your nasal congestion: Using phonesthemes to imbue non‐word brand names with meaning
Authors: Brennan Stacey , Ilicic Jasmina , Danziger Shai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA brand name is a fundamental component of a brand's identity. This research introduces a novel linguistic tool for brand name creation: phonesthemes—sound and spelling letter clusters that are associated with one dominant meaning. For instance, sn, one of over 140 phonesthemes in English, consistently appears in words related to the nose or breathing (sneeze, sniff, snort). Six experiments reveal positive effects of phonesthemic non‐word brand names (e.g., Glif; gl‐; e.g., glow, glimmer; meaning “light”) on consumer preference, attitude, purchase intent, and choice when the dominant meaning activated by the phonestheme is semantically congruent with the product category or product attribute (e.g., luminant car wax), due to enhanced processing fluency. Phonological (sound) and orthographic (spelling) priming are eliminated as alternative explanations for the phenomenon. This research advances psycholinguistic research in marketing and the emerging area of brand linguistics by broadening the focus beyond brand name phonology.
Creation and beta testing of a “choose your own adventure” digital simulation to reinforce motivational interviewing skills in genetic counseling
Authors: Cragun Deborah L. , Hunt Paige Phillips , Dean Marleah , Zierhut Heather , Kaphingst Kimberly , Resnicow Kenneth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStandardized patients and/or role‐playing are commonly used for practicing genetic counseling (GC) skills. Use of digital simulation, incorporating gamification elements, would require fewer resources to sustain than standardized patients. This manuscript reports steps taken and the lessons learned from creating a digital “Choose your own adventure” simulation in which students select preferred dialog for a genetic counselor who is seeing an adult patient to discuss genetic testing for the known pathogenic variant that caused familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) in their father. The case has three endings, one of which is attained by selecting options that are mostly consistent with motivational interviewing counseling techniques. We conducted a preliminary evaluation of our beta version among nine GC students and one educator using a survey to assess acceptability and appropriateness as well as to elicit open‐ended feedback. All participants agreed or strongly agreed with statements indicating the case was acceptable, appropriate, and fun. Users particularly appreciated the immediate feedback given throughout the case simulation. Many users wanted more options to select from and listed various other recommendations, including several which would require substantial resources to implement.
Improvement of dyspeptic symptoms after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in Japanese patients
Authors: Iwata Eri , Sugimoto Mitsushige , Murata Masaki , Morino Yuko , Akimoto Yoshika , Hamada Mariko , Niikura Ryota , Nagata Naoyoshi , Kawai Takashi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimHelicobacter pylori eradication therapy effectively improves the abdominal symptoms and bowel habits of patients. Patients in whom dyspepsia is under control by 6 to 12 months after successful H. pylori eradication are defined as having H. pylori‐associated dyspepsia, and patients with dyspepsia that is refractory to successful eradication are defined as having functional dyspepsia. Here, we aimed to investigate the association between H. pylori eradication and improvement of dyspepsia in the short and long term after eradication therapy.MethodsDyspeptic symptoms before treatment and at 2 and 12 months after eradication were evaluated using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) in 282 H. pylori‐positive Japanese patients who underwent eradication therapy.ResultsOf the Japanese H. pylori‐positive patients, 48.2% (136/282) had upper abdominal symptoms. Eradication improved dyspepsia in 34.5% (47/136) of the patients at 2 months post eradication, which continued to be under control up to 12 months. A significant decrease at 2 and 12 months after eradication, compared with before eradication, was observed in total GSRS (from 25.7 ± 10.4 [before eradication, n = 249] to 23.3 ± 7.2 [after 2 months, n = 249] and 24.8 ± 7.8 [after 12 months, n = 81]; P = 0.014 and 0.321, respectively), gastric pain score (from 4.1 ± 1.9 to 3.7 ± 1.3 and 3.7 ± 1.2; P = 0.025 and 0.047), and constipation score (from 5.9 ± 3.1 to 5.2 ± 2.3 and 5.9 ± 3.0; P < 0.021 and 0.862).ConclusionH. pylori‐positive dyspepsia patients should be recommended to undergo H. pylori eradication to alleviate dyspepsia‐associated symptoms.
Impact of anticancer drugs on the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of hepatic arterial embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ihira Hironobu , Sonomura Tetsuo , Makitani Ayano , Makitani Kazuhiro , Fukuda Kodai , Tanaka Ryota , Koyama Takao , Sato Hirotatsu , Wan Ke , Ueno Masaki , Ida Yoshiyuki , Kawai Nobuyuki , Minamiguchi Hiroki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimTranscatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) using various anticancer drugs is often performed to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of TACE with anticancer drugs versus transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) without anticancer drugs for HCC.MethodsPatients with HCC were randomized to either the TACE or TAE group. Up to five target nodules were treated in each patient. Lipiodol (Lp; 10 mL), contrast media (CM; 10 mL), epirubicin (40 mg), mitomycin C (10 mg), miliplatin (70 mg), and 1–2‐mm 2‐day soluble gelatin sponge particles (2D‐SGS) were injected into the TACE group, whereas Lp (10 mL), CM (10 mL), and 2D‐SGS were injected into the TAE group. Treatment effect (TE) of the target nodules was graded (TE1–TE4) and patient responses were assessed. Three months after treatment, blood tests were performed to compare tumor markers and adverse events.ResultsFifty‐four patients and 161 target nodules were included; 75 nodules in 28 patients were treated by TACE, and 86 nodules in 26 patients were treated by TAE. The number of nodules graded TE1, TE2, TE3, and TE4 was 1, 28, 7, and 39, respectively, in the TACE group and 2, 25, 7, and 52, respectively, in the TAE group. The response rates were 89% (25/28) and 73% (19/26) in the TACE and TAE groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in TE, response rates, or blood test results between the two groups.ConclusionIn hepatic arterial embolization for HCC, anticancer drugs did not have any impact on the therapeutic efficacy or side effects at 3 months after embolization.
Identification of Myocardial Scarring Using Contrast‐Free Cardiac MRI in Patients With Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Li Xiao , Guo Yubo , Lin Lu , Wang Yue , Liu Peijun , Wang Qian , Chen Wei , Wang Wenji , Xia Qing , Huang Ning , Eresen Aydin , Zhang Zhuoli , Jin Zhengyu , Wang Yining 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundLate gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac MRI is the method of choice in revealing the presence of myocardial scarring, but its availability remains limited in clinical practice.PurposeTo assess myocardial scarring in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) using contrast‐free cardiac MRI with a radiomics model.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationOne hundred ninety‐two patients (mean age, 41 years ± 15, 62 men) with or without ARDs, grouped into a training set of 153 patients and a testing set of 39 patients.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/ cine imaging with a balanced steady‐state free precession sequence, T1 mapping with a modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery sequence, and LGE imaging with a phase‐sensitive inversion recovery gradient echo sequence.AssessmentLGE assessment was the reference standard for identifying myocardial scarring. Based on motion features extracted from cine images and tissue characterization features extracted from native T1 maps, a fully automated radiomics model with T1, cine MRI, or combined inputs was developed.Statistical TestsLogistic regression model was used to detect myocardial scarring using contrast‐free cardiac MRI parameters. Receiver operating characteristic curves were analyzed to assess the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in detecting myocardial scarring. Sensitivities of the models were further assessed in patients with various myocardial scarring proportions. Z‐statistic and dice coefficient were assessed to compare the performance. P‐values <0.05 were considered significant.ResultsThe multivariable regression model exhibited an accuracy of 85.3%, a sensitivity of 93.5%, and a specificity of 50.0%. The radiomics model with T1 and cine MRI input exhibited an accuracy of 75.7%, a sensitivity of 60.9%, and a specificity of 85.5%. Moreover, the radiomics model showed a sensitivity of 90.9% among patients with >25% myocardial scarring.Data ConclusionsThe proposed radiomics model allowed for the identification of myocardial scarring similar to LGE, but on contrast‐free cardiac MRI in patients with ARDs.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 1
Fast saliva analysis by GC–MS with Cold EI and Open Probe Fast GC–MS with Cold EI for the detection of cannabis usage
Authors: Elkabets Oneg , Neumark Benny , Amirav Aviv 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSaliva is a body fluid that is much easier to collect and analyze than blood. Thus, saliva analysis for the detection of delta 9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9‐THC) can serve as a tool for law enforcement agents to detect cannabis consumption by drivers. Fast saliva analysis for the presence of delta 9‐THC and/or cannabidiol (CBD) is described with both gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) with Cold electron ionization (EI) with good separation and in 10 min and/or with Open Probe Fast GC–MS with Cold EI in under 1 min full analysis cycle time. Saliva was taken directly from donors' tongues on a thin glass rod that was used “as is” for analysis. The saliva was thermally desorbed with a modified ChromatoProbe device inside the gas chromatograph (GC) injector and in an Open Probe (Agilent name QuickProbe) for its sub‐1‐min analysis. Cold EI is based on coupling of the GC and mass spectrometer (MS) with a supersonic molecular beam and on EI of vibrationally cold sample molecules during their flight through a contact‐free ion source (thereby named Cold EI). A revised type of Open Probe Fast GC–MS on the bench is also described. Our saliva analysis was characterized by:

Saliva can be collected in the field and transported to the lab for analyses “as is” without any sample preparation.
Easy detection of cannabis consumption from cigarettes and/or other cannabis products.
Distinction between the isomers delta 9‐THC and CBD.
Ultra‐fast analysis in under 1 min using Open Probe Fast GC–MS with Cold EI.
Simple and rapid quantification of ribociclib in rat plasma by protein precipitation and LC‐MS/MS: An application to pharmacokinetics of ribociclib nanoparticles in rats
Authors: Alshogran Osama Y. , Al‐Shdefat Ramadan , Hailat Mohammad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRibociclib is a cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK4/6) inhibitor and is a standard of care for treating metastatic breast cancer. The drug has moderate oral bioavailability and exhibits permeability‐controlled absorption. Novel formulations to enhance ribociclib pharmacokinetics are being developed and tested in rats. This requires developing analytical assays for quantifying ribociclib monitoring in rat plasma. We present a fully validated, sensitive, and simple LC‐MS/MS method for measuring ribociclib in rat plasma. Ribociclib‐D6 was utilized as an internal standard, and a simple protein precipitation procedure with acetonitrile was used in sample preparation. Excellent assay linearity was observed over a standard curve concentration of 1.008–1027.624 ng/mL. Acceptable intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy and reproductivity were demonstrated for ribociclib quality controls (bias and CV% within ±15%). Complete extraction recovery of ribociclib was achieved, and a negligible matrix effect of analyte to internal standard ratio was observed. Ribociclib was stable at various conditions, including bench‐top, freeze–thaw, and short‐term stability. Overall, the presented method is simple, sensitive, accurate, and precise and was successfully applied to quantify ribociclib in plasma samples from a pharmacokinetic study of ribociclib suspension and nanoparticle formulation in rats.
Endoscopic Rectal Ultrasound‐Based Radiomics Analysis for the Prediction of Synchronous Liver Metastasis in Patients With Primary Rectal Cancer
Authors: Mou Meiyan , Gao Ruizhi , Wu Yuquan , Lin Peng , Yin Hongxia , Chen Fenghuan , Huang Fen , Wen Rong , Yang Hong , He Yun 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesTo develop and validate an ultrasound‐based radiomics model to predict synchronous liver metastases (SLM) in rectal cancer (RC) patients preoperatively.MethodsTwo hundred and thirty‐nine RC patients were included in this study and randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. A total of 5936 radiomics features were calculated on the basis of ultrasound images to build a radiomic model and obtain a radiomics score (Rad‐score) using logistic regression. Meanwhile, clinical characteristics were collected to construct a clinical model. The radiomics–clinical model was developed and validated by integrating the radiomics features with the selected clinical characteristics. The performances of three models were evaluated and compared through their discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.ResultsThe radiomics model was developed based on 13 radiomic features. The radiomics–clinical model, which incorporated Rad‐score, CEA, and CA199, exhibited favorable discrimination and calibration with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.920 (95% CI: 0.874–0.965) in the training cohorts and 0.855 (95% CI: 0.759–0.951) in the validation cohorts. And the AUC of the radiomics–clinical model was 0.849 (95% CI: 0.771–0.927) for the training cohorts and 0.780 (95% CI: 0.655–0.905) for the validation cohorts, the clinical model was 0.811 (95% CI: 0.718–0.905) for the training cohorts and 0.805 (95% CI: 0.645–0.965) for the validation cohorts. Moreover, decision curve analysis (DCA) further confirmed the clinical utility of the radiomics–clinical model.ConclusionsThe radiomics–clinical model performed satisfactory predictive performance, which can help improve clinical diagnosis performance and outcome prediction for SLM in RC patients.
LncRNA MYLK antisense RNA 1 activates cell division cycle 42/Neutal Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome protein pathway via microRNA‐101‐5p to accelerate epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of colon cancer cells
Authors: Quan Zhen‐Hao , Xu Fei‐Peng , Huang Zhe , Chen Ri‐Hong , Xu Qing‐Wen , Lin Lin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLong noncoding RNA MYLK antisense RNA 1 (MYLK‐AS1) is the crux in multiple diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible mechanism of MYLK‐AS1. A total of 62 colon cancer (CC) specimens and paired adjacent normal tissues were collected, and the expression of MYLK‐AS1, microRNA (miR)‐101‐5p/cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) was detected. CC cell lines were transfected with MYLK‐AS1, miR‐101‐5p, CDC42‐related plasmids, and the biological functions and markers of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) were analyzed. The binding relationship between MYLK‐AS1, miR‐101‐5p, and CDC42 was evaluated. In CC tissues and cell lines, MYLK‐AS1 and CDC42 were highly expressed, and miR‐101‐5p was lowly expressed. Inhibition of MYLK‐AS1 or upregulation of miR‐101‐5p can inhibit CC cell growth and EMT. miR‐101‐5p inhibited CDC42/N‐wasp axis activation in CC cells by targeting CDC42. Knockdown of CDC42 or upregulation of miR‐101‐5p partially reversed the effects caused by upregulation of MYLK‐AS1. MYLK‐AS1, which is significantly upregulated in CC, may be a molecular sponge for miR‐101‐5p, and MYLK‐AS1 promotes the activation of the CDC42/N‐wasp axis in CC cells by targeting CDC42 through miR‐101‐5p, which in turn promotes tumor development. MYLK‐AS1 may be a potential biomarker and target for CC therapy.
Comparative study of arterial and venous grafting for pedicle lengthening in head and neck microvascular reconstruction
Authors: Chang Chieh‐Kai , Wu Cheng‐Yeu , Lin Yi‐Ling , Lai Chih‐Shen , Lu Chen‐Te , Yen Jung‐Hsing , Chen I‐Chen , Tsai Yueh‐Chi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn the field of head and neck microvascular reconstruction, no previous study has compared arterial and venous grafting as methods of anterolateral thigh (ALT) pedicle lengthening. Therefore, we conducted this comparative study to compare the outcomes between the two pedicle lengthening techniques.MethodsWe performed comparative effectiveness research by conducting a retrospective chart review from January 2012 to December 2021 to identify patients who underwent head and neck reconstruction with non‐descending branch ALT perforator flaps using either the in situ pedicle lengthening (ISPL) technique or the vein graft (VG) technique. A total of 26 patients were analyzed, including 14 who underwent ISPL, and 12 who underwent VG. The collected data, including patient demographics, surgical indications, history of prior free flap, prior neck dissection, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, graft length, and flap outcomes, were analyzed. The flap outcomes were categorized as total flap loss, partial flap loss, flap compromise that required operating room visits, or minor issues, including infection or dehiscence. The flap characteristics and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe VG group had two flap losses, whereas the ISPL group had none. Although the failure rate was higher in the VG group than that in the ISPL group, the difference was not statistically significant (0% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.203). Additionally, there were no significant differences in flap take‐back (14.3% vs. 16.7%, p = 1) and minor complications between the two groups (35.7% vs. 33.3%, p = 1).ConclusionsIf pedicle lengthening with vessel graft is inevitable in head and neck reconstruction, arterial graft may provide a reliable outcome and may be considered an effective alternative when compared to vein grafts.