bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jaw bone remodeling at the invasion front of gingival squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Ito Masahiro , Izumi Naoya , Cheng Jun , Sakai Hideaki , Shingaki Susumu , Nakajima Tamio , Oda Kimimitsu , Saku Takashi 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground:  It is still unknown how jaw bone remodeling occurs at actual invasion sites of oral squamous cell carcinomas. Since there is no other human carcinomas which make a direct invasion of the bone, gingival carcinomas are valuable examples.Methods:  Twelve surgical specimens of gingival squamous cell carcinoma were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically for remodeling of bone and its surrounding tissue.Results:  Three types of bone interfaces with carcinomatous invasion were distinguished. These included areas with bone resorption, smooth bone surface and new bone formation. In the bone‐resorption area, numerous osteoclasts were located along the bone surface, which was surrounded by myxoid stroma. The myxoid stroma was characterized by immunopositivity for heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), abundant vascularity and macrophagic infiltration. In the bone‐formation area, rows of osteoblasts were aligned on the bone surface. The stroma around osteoblasts was also HSPG‐immunopositive, poor in vascularity but rich in activated fibroblasts. In the smooth‐bone area, the stroma showed an organizing phase of granulation tissue with slender fibroblasts and mature collagen fibers but with less vascularity and inflammatory infiltrates.Conclusion:  The results indicate that the stromal architecture, especially in terms of its inflammatory cellular, vascular and matrix compositions, is strictly regulated in the timing and site of jaw bone remodeling which is causes by carcinomatous invasion.
Góngoras Soledades. Der barocke Traum von der enzyklopädischen Beherrschung der Welt
Authors: Kluge Sofie 
Published: March 2003

Inhaltsangabe.Unter allen Werken der spanischen Literaturgeschichte ist Góngoras Soledades (1614) das am meisten diskutierte und strittigste. Im ersten Teil dieser Untersuchung werde ich versuchen, seine unmäßig komplizierte Rezeptionshistorie nachzuzeichnen, während der zweite Teil eine Interpretation bietet, die anstrebt, die heterogenen Fäden des ‘gongorinischen Problems’ zu sammeln. Dieses Verfahren repräsentiert die Anschauung, daß die fast 500 Jahre lange Diskussion über die Bedeutung und den Wert der gongorinischen Gedichte weit über die Grenzen des konkreten Textes hinausgeht und ein universales, literaturtheoretisches Problem bildet: die Frage der literarischen Form als Beherrschung eines Objekts dieser oder jener Art. Die Interpretation der Soledades als eine komplizierte Diskussion der menschlichen Beherrschung veranschaulicht meiner Meinung nach die verschiedenen Teile der Rezeption, die zu verschiedenen Zeiten aus verschiedenen Ursachen diesen oder jenen Aspekt hervorgehoben haben, meist reduzierend und selten synthetisierend. Die Implikation ist die, daß die vielen, einander gegenseitig widersprechenden Interpretationen nicht zufällige, oder schlechthin historisch bedingte sind, sondern ihren Ursprung in der eigenen Komplexität oder Konfliktualität der Soledades haben. Ich bin also davon ausgegangen, daß die Diskussion über die gongorinische Form im 17. Jahrhundert ihren Grund in dem ambivalenten Verhältnis der Gedichte selbst zur literarischen Form als Beherrschung habe, und daß diese Ambivalenz im Verhältnis zur Form der Grund des Zwiespalts zwischen Ästhetizismus und Materialismus in der Interpretation des Inhalts der Gedichte im 20. Jahrhundert sei. Die Diskussion der literarischen Form ins Zentrum der Aufmerksamkeit zu stellen bedeutet aber nicht, daß die Gedichte unabhängig von ihrem historischen Kontext gelesen werden. Ganz im Gegenteil soll es mir gerade darum gehen, die besondere Problematisierung der Beherrschung in Soledades als Ausdruck eines historisch bedingten Schismas zwischen der Dämonisierung der menschlichen Beherrschung der Welt durch ein theologisches Weltbild auf der einen Seite, und dem optimistischen und neugierigen Entdeckungs‐Geist der Aufklärung auf der anderen Seite zu verstehen.
Antibiotic treatment of incipient drug‐induced gingival overgrowth in adult renal transplant patients
Authors: Mesa F. L. , Osuna A. , Aneiros J. , Gonzalez‐Jaranay M. , Bravo J. , Junco P. , Del Moral R. G. , O'Valle F. 
Published: March 2003

Background: Drug‐induced gingival overgrowth (GO) remains a challenge in periodontics. Partial and total regressions of this GO have been reported after a short course of antibiotics.Methods: We conducted a double‐blinded controlled randomised study to determine the effect of metronidazole (MNZ) or azithromycin (AZM) on the regression of incipient cyclosporin A‐induced GO in 40 adult renal transplanted patients. The quantitation of the GO was performed with Image Digital Analysis.Results:None of the patients with GO showed complete remission after 30 days. The pretreatment GO index was 0.895 ± 0.16 in the metronidazole treatment group (MNZ group,n = 13), 0.932 ± 0.11 in the azithromycin treatment group (AZM group,n = 14), and 1.073 ± 0.32 in the controls (placebo group,n=13). At the end of the study (30 days), the GO index score was lower in 54.4% and 62.3% of the MNZ and AZM groups, respectively, and the mean score differences were statistically significant between the groups (0.897 ± 0.28, MNZ group vs. 0.909 ± 0.15, AZM group vs. 1.130 ± 0.3, placebo group,P < 0.05 ANOVA).Conclusions:A 7‐day course of MNZ or AZM does not induce remission of CsA‐induced GO, although it acts on concomitant bacterial over‐infection and gingival inflammation.
Spontaneous central melatonin secretion and resorption kinetics of exogenous melatonin: a ventricular CSF study
Authors: Debus Otfried M. , Lerchl Alexander , Bothe Hans W. , Bremer Janbernd , Fiedler Barbara , Franssen Meike , Koehring Jessica , Steils Michaela , Kurlemann Gerhard 
Published: March 2003

Abstract: Pineal secretion of melatonin, a potential sleep‐inducing agent, is stimulated by nighttime darkness. To gain better insight into the control of melatonin physiology in man, we studied melatonin concentrations in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (v‐CSF). In four patients aged 1–4 yr with therapeutic v‐CSF drainage, including one with lumbar CSF (l‐CSF) drainage, CSF samples were collected sequentially over 24‐hr periods. One further patient with severe sleep disturbance had one collection period under chloral hydrate and another after oral melatonin administration. Reduction of light intensity or night periods, respectively, led to increased melatonin levels. At the moment of falling asleep, additional melatonin peaks were observed in v‐CSF but not in l‐CSF. Oral melatonin, but not chloral hydrate, caused a rapid increase in CSF melatonin between 10 and 80 min after intake, raising levels far beyond physiological concentrations. The commencement of sleep is associated with an additional melatonin peak v‐CSF which is independent of baseline secretion during the day–night cycle. The possibility is discussed that the induction of sleep might depend on a critical level or increased melatonin concentrations, which can be achieved with orally administered melatonin.
Melatonin increases oestradiol‐induced bone formation in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Ladizesky Marta G. , Boggio Verónica , Albornoz Liliana E. , Castrillón Patricia O. , Mautalen Carlos , Cardinali Daniel P. 
Published: March 2003

Abstract: To assess the effect of melatonin on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats, receiving oestradiol therapy or not, melatonin was administered in the drinking water (25 μg/mL water) and oestradiol (10 μg/kg body weight) or vehicle was given subcutaneously 5 days/week for up to 60 days after surgery. Urinary deoxypyridinoline (a marker of bone resorption) and circulating levels of bone alkaline phosphatase activity (a marker of bone formation), as well as serum calcium and phosphorus levels, were measured every 15 days. Bone area (BA), bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD) and total body fat (expressed as 100 g body weight) were measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry at the end of the experiment. Body weight and total body fat were augmented after ovariectomy, and decreased after melatonin or oestradiol treatment. The effect of melatonin on body weight was seen in sham‐operated rats only. Ovariectomy augmented, and melatonin or oestradiol lowered, urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion. This effect of melatonin and oestradiol was seen mainly in ovariectomized rats. The efficacy of oestradiol to counteract ovariectomy‐induced bone resorption was increased by melatonin. Melatonin or oestradiol lowered serum bone alkaline phosphatase activity. Melatonin inhibition was seen mainly on the increase of bone alkaline phosphatase activity that followed ovariectomy. Serum phosphorus levels decreased after melatonin administration and were augmented after oestradiol injection; overall, melatonin impaired the increase of serum phosphorus caused by oestradiol. Ovariectomy decreased, and oestradiol increased, serum calcium levels while melatonin augmented serum calcium in sham‐operated rats only. On day 60 after surgery, BMD and content decreased after ovariectomy and were increased after oestradiol injection. Melatonin augmented BA of spine and BMC of whole of the skeleton and tibia. The highest values observed were those of rats treated concurrently with oestradiol and melatonin. The present results indicate that: (i) melatonin treatment restrained bone remodelling after ovariectomy; (ii) the effect of melatonin required adequate concentrations of oestradiol; (iii) melatonin augmented oestradiol effects on bone in ovariectomized rats; (iv) a counter‐regulation by melatonin of the increase in body fat caused by ovariectomy was uncovered. The melatonin doses employed were pharmacological in terms of circulating melatonin levels but not necessarily for some other fluids or tissues.
Automated melanoma diagnosis: where are we at?
Authors: Day Greg R. , Barbour Robert H. 
Published: March 2003

Background:It has been over a decade since the first mention was made of the computer as a tool for assisting clinicians in diagnosing skin lesions. This review tabulates and summarises the major research papers, and comments on the state of the field after a decade of research.Conclusions: We conclude that epiluminescent microscopy has become the image‐capture technique of choice in this field. However, the reporting of research to date has been less than exemplary, making “reinvention of the wheel” likely. It also appears that although the goal of a clinically useful diagnostic system is closer, the complexity and variation displayed by skin lesions, coupled with the ad hoc direction and reporting of research, may hinder the achievement of this goal for some time to come.
Transepidermal water loss, temperature and sebum levels on women's facial skin follow characteristic patterns
Authors: Lopez Sabine , Le Fur Isabelle , Morizot Frédérique , Heuvin Guylaine , Guinot Christiane , Tschachler Erwin 
Published: March 2003

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to compare the biophysical properties of different facial zones.Methods: We investigated transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin temperature and sebum casual level (CL) on 90 adjacent test sites distributed on the forehead, cheeks and chin of five women.Results: All three parameters showed a symmetrical distribution around the facial median line. Only minor variations of individual values were found within the forehead and the chin areas. In contrast, the cheeks exhibited a distinct gradient with highest values in the paranasal zones and lowest on the cheek bones for all of the three parameters. The mean values on both cheeks of a given individual were nearly identical, and the patterns within the two cheeks were superimposable. Both CL and skin temperature distributions pointed out a “T‐zone” with highest values on the forehead, on the chin and on the median part of the cheek.Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that biophysical skin properties differ considerably between different facial areas but that they follow a characteristic distribution.
Fluorescein dermofluorometry for the assessment of diabetic microvascular disease
Authors: Oh Deborah K. , Jones Richard N. , Marshall William , Magin Richard L. 
Published: March 2003

Background/aims: Fluorescein dermofluorometry can be used to relate the uptake of fluorescein in the skin to blood flow. We have characterized the uptake of the dye by a wash‐in time constant that is inversely proportional to the local blood flow. The purpose of this study was to explore the use of dermofluorometry in the assessment of patients with diabetic microvascular disease.Methods: Fluorescein dermofluorometry was performed in four groups of patients: non‐diabetic control patients, diabetic control patients, diabetic patients with chronic foot ulcers, and diabetic patients with acute foot ulcers. The outcomes of the patients with foot ulcers were documented 4–14 months after participation. Following an intravenous injection of sodium fluorescein, the change in the fluorescein signal with time was continuously measured at the plantar surface of the foot. Both the initial slope of the signal and the wash‐in time constant were calculated in each subject.Results: Significant differences in the wash‐in time constant were found between diabetic and non‐diabetic subjects and between diabetic subjects with and without foot ulcers. Of the eight patients with foot ulcers, two of them did not display an early wash‐out in the dermofluorometer signal and later both required amputations.Conclusion: The fluorescein wash‐in time constant demonstrated better correlation with the presence of diabetic microvascular disease than did the initial slope of the signal. Differences in the wash‐in time constants of non‐diabetic and diabetic subjects support the hemodynamic hypothesis for the development of microvascular disease. The indication of early wash‐out of the fluorescein signal may also be useful in the prediction of ulcer healing.
Development and validation of a semiautomatic image analysis system for measuring skin desquamation with D‐Squames®
Authors: Wilhelm K.‐P. , Kaspar K. , Schumann F. , Articus K. 
Published: March 2003

Background D‐Squames®, have gained wide acceptance for assessing skin desquamation. The amount of corneocytes adhering to D‐Squames® can be assessed visually by trained observers or by computerized image analysis. Different image analysis algorythms for the evaluation of D‐Squames® have been published but have not been compared with each other. It was our aim to develop an image analysis system that does not require an expensive image analysis programming tool but should be optimized for routine tasks of analysing large numbers of samples. A second objective of this study was to compare two published image analysis algorythms and visual grading.Material and Methods The hardware components of the system are a CCD camera connected to a frame grabber card and a light box equipped with fluorescent tubes on two sides that provide a relatively cool, diffuse and even illumination of the sample. The following features were included into the software: generation and identification of bar codes for sample identification; semiautomatic recognition of ROI (region of interest), integration of study design into the analysing process, rapid calculation of desquamation index (DI: integration of the per cent area covered by scales and their thickness distribution) and/or scaling index (SI: distribution of grey values), data storage and export for further analysis.In a first step the system was validated by examining D‐Squames covering a wide range of desquamation, by examining different ROI shapes (circle and square), by performing repeat measurements with different positions of the samples and by repeat measurements after re‐callibrating the system. In a second step the effect of treatment with different moisturizers was evaluated by the two image analysis parameters DI and SI and compared with hydration measurements (Corneometer®).Results The shape of the ROI showed no influence on the results (variability < 5%). Reproducibility of measurements was satisfactory (COV CDI): 1.7%, COV (SI): 2.6%).There was a good correlation between image analysis results and visual evaluation (means of 3 technicians) (r = 0.986) as well as between the two different image analysis parameters DI and SI (r = 0.971). In the clinical study moisturizer treatment resulted in variable reduction of desquamation that was closely correlated with increase in stratum corneum hydration (r = 0.97).Conclusion Analysing D‐Squames® with the image analysis system proved to be reproducible, independent of the shape of ROI, cost effective and fast and easy to operate. It has shown to be a suitable and reliable method for the objective determination of desquamation levels.
Quantitative measurement of desquamation and skin elasticity in diabetic patients
Authors: Yoon Hong Seok , Baik Sei Hyun , Oh Chil Hwan 
Published: March 2003

Background/aims: Diabetes mellitus is responsible for many cutaneous alterations. Xerosis and sclerotic change of the skin are the most common findings. Recently non‐ invasive computerized devices have been developed and used for determining the desquamation rate and measuring the mechanical properties of the skin. Using these devices, the necessity to characterize the conditions of the skin in the healthy as well as the diseased state is increasing. The aim of this study was to compare the elasticity and desquamation rate between the diabetic population and the normal population using non‐invasive, objective methods.Methods: Skin sites of 96 diabetics with normal appearance, were measured for skin elasticity and desquamation rate using the Cutometer® and visual grading and D‐Squame®– image analysis method, respectively. The values of parameters were compared to values of 83 non‐diabetics' results.Results: There was a significant decrease in skin elasticity (expressed by Uv/Ue and Ur/Uf of the face) and in the value of fine flakes in the diabetics. Although insignificant, the SDI (Scale Density Index) calculated from objective automatic measurement was higher in the diabetics than the control group.Conclusions: The elasticity of facial skin was decreased in patients with diabetes. Decrease of the fine flakes of the diabetes patients reflect that irritation and xerotic changes are aggravated in skins of diabetic patients. The results indicate the presence of skin elasticity alteration and desquamation with diabetes mellitus. Such non‐invasive evaluations of the skin may be useful for evaluating changes in the skin that are associated with diabetes mellitus.
Immunohistochemical analysis of CD1a‐labeled Langerhans cells in human dental periapical inflammatory lesions – correlation with inflammatory cells and epithelial cells
Authors: Suzuki T , Kumamoto H , Ooya K , Motegi K 
Published: March 2003

OBJECTIVE: Distribution and density of CD1a‐labeled Langerhans cells (LCs) were examined in human dental periapical inflammatory lesions, and compared with inflammatory cell infiltration or epithelial cell proliferation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty three periapical lesions (26 apical granulomas (AGs), 8 epitheliated granulomas (EGs), 34 radicular cysts (RCs), 15 residual radicular cysts (RRCs)) were collected. As control, specimens of periodontal ligaments including Malassez epithelial rests were curetted from 21 teeth. LC densities were measured and various degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration were examined immunohistochemically. Labeling indices for the cellular proliferation markers Ki‐67 antigen and DNA topoisomerase II α were calculated in the epithelial components.RESULTS: LCs were found in all periapical lesions but not in Malassez epithelial rests. LCs were more abundant in epithelial components than in subepithelial layers. Intraepithelial LCs were more frequent in RCs than in RRCs, whereas subepithelial LCs were less frequent in RRCs than in AGs and EGs. T lymphocytes consistently outnumbered macrophages, plasma cells and B lymphocytes. The range of the CD4/CD8‐positive cell ratio differed according to the lesions. Increased LC density was associated with the severity of CD3‐positive cell infiltration. Ki‐67‐ and Topo II – LI showed various degrees of epithelial immunoreactivity. There was a significant correlation between LC density and proliferative potential of the epithelium in periapical lesions.CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that LCs appeared to be associated with T lymphocyte infiltration and proliferative potential of the epithelial tissue in periapical lesions.
Lesions of the Posterior Paraventricular Thalamus Block Habituation of Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Responses to Repeated Restraint
Authors: Bhatnagar S. , Huber R. , Nowak N. , Trotter P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe examined the role of the posterior division of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (pPVTh) in habituation of hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) responses to repeated restraint. Habituation refers to the decrement in HPA activity that occurs with repeated exposure to the same or homotypic stressor. To date, the pPVTh has been shown to inhibit the enhanced or facilitated HPA responses to novel, heterotypic restraint in previously chronically cold stressed rats. We hypothesized that the pPVTh also inhibits HPA activity under conditions of habituation. In the first experiment, we lesioned the pPVTh and examined adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone responses to the first or eighth restraint exposure. In sham‐lesioned rats, we found lower ACTH and corticosterone responses to the eighth period of 30 min restraint compared to the first exposure, evidence for habituation. In pPVTh‐lesioned rats, there was no difference in ACTH and corticosterone responses to the eighth compared to the first restraint exposure. Therefore, pPVTh lesions prevented the habituation of HPA responses to repeated restraint. In the second experiment, we examined whether habituation to restraint is observable in response to an acute, single restraint on day 28 in sham and pPVTh lesioned rats that were exposed to restraint only on days 1 through 8. In this experiment, we replicated the results from the first experiment, and found evidence that habituation to restraint can be observed weeks after chronic stress has been terminated. Furthermore, pPVTh lesions had no additional effects on HPA responses to acute stress on day 28. In summary, pPVTh lesions inhibit habituation of HPA activity to a homotypic stressor, without altering HPA responses to the first restraint. Thus, the intact pPVTh inhibits HPA activity under conditions of habituation, as well as facilitation, and represents an important regulator of HPA activity under conditions of chronic stress.