bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instantaneous Carboxyhemoglobin Level Change Due to Smoking and Analysis of Baseline SpCO in Smokers
Authors: Kocaoğlu Salih , Alatlı Tufan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate baseline carboxyhemoglobin saturation (SpCO) values in smokers and to show the relationship between SpCO and age, years smoking, cigarettes per day, and nicotine dependence. We also analyzed the changes in carboxyhemoglobin in the body during active smoking.
Methods
This prospective cohort study involved 136 outdoor smokers and 60 controls who had never smoked. SpCO, heart rate (HR), and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) values were recorded with a CO-oximeter device before, during, and two minutes after smoking. Changes during active smoking were analyzed, and all parameters were compared between smoking and non-smoking groups. Age, BMI, years smoking, cigarettes per day, and Fagerström nicotine dependence (FTND) level were correlated with baseline SpCO.
Results
The mean age of smokers was 32.3 years (70.6% male; 22.79% with comorbidities), while the mean age of non-smokers was 36.7 years (38.3% male). The SpCO and HR were significantly higher during (p = 0.006, p < 0.001) and after (p = 0.015, p < 0.001) smoking than the pre-cigarette levels. There was a significant difference between smokers (3.07) and non-smokers (1.77) in terms of baseline SpCO (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis showed that age, years smoking, and nicotine dependence were positively correlated with baseline SpCO. In the ROC analysis, the AUC value for SpCO was 0.705 and the optimal cut-off value was 1.50. In addition, 83% of smokers had a baseline SpCO value below 5%.
Conclusion
In this study, the baseline SpCO values of smokers were found to be approximately 200% higher than those of non-smokers. In addition, SpCO and HR increased during active smoking. However, 83% of smokers had a baseline SpCO below 5%, suggesting that the intoxication level of 9% in smokers should be reconsidered.
WITHDRAWN: Geotechnical Excavation Based on a Diamondshaped Tunnel Utilizing Finite Element Strategy, Analysis, and Research Directives
Authors: Majumdar Sandip , Dutta Shantanu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study investigates geotechnical excavation in soil mechanics, focusing on three-dimensional plane strain simulations of a diamond-shaped tunnel to analyze surface settlement and the plastic zone's width, crucial for determining reinforcements. Using finite element analysis in commercial software (COMSOL Multiphysics), a two-stage process is implemented. The first stage assesses the in-situ stress state of soil before excavation, assuming no structures or buildings, to establish a baseline for natural stress distribution. The second stage examines the elastoplastic behavior of the soil post-excavation, incorporating the influence of nearby structures and stress redistribution from the initial stage. Excavation is simulated using the activation feature within a linear elastic material model, where the soil is initially assumed elastic to simplify calculations. In the second step, the Drucker–Prager soil plasticity model is applied to represent the soil's realistic behavior under load. The investigation reveals, horizontal displacement minimizing at 78 m from the tunnel axis, then sharply rising to 240 m. The vertical displacement and surface settlement were observed to be minimum at X = 0 m with 40 displacement, first increasing, and then decreasing.
Cow Milk Production, Milk Consumption, and Production Constraints in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shiferaw Fana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Child malnutrition is a major public health issue in Ethiopia, contributing significantly to child morbidity and mortality. Understanding the factors influencing child milk consumption and dairy cattle productivity is critical for addressing malnutrition.
Objective: This systematic review aims to identify the factors affecting dairy cattle productivity and child milk consumption in Ethiopia and to evaluate the constraints limiting milk production and its impact on child nutrition.
Methods: In accordance withPRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases. Studies examining child milk consumption, dairy cattle productivity, and their relationship with child nutrition outcomes were included. Data were extracted and synthesized to highlight key determinants, constraints, and strategies for improvement.
Results: Evidence indicates a positive correlation between dairy production and child nutritional outcomes. For example, increased milk consumption improves height-for-age Z scores by 0.52 SD and reduces stunting by 11.3%. The keydeterminants of child milk consumption include household income, family size, the education level of the food budget manager, and milk product prices. However, low dairy productivity in Ethiopia is attributed to feed scarcity, land limitations, high feed costs, inadequate veterinary services, genetic limitations, and inefficient artificial insemination practices.
Conclusion: Addressing the constraints on dairy cattle productivity is crucial for improving milk availability and enhancing child nutrition. This review provides insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the design of interventions that promote child milk consumption and mitigate malnutrition in Ethiopia.
AI-Driven Augmented Reality for Intelligent and Adaptive Navigation in Complex Environments
Authors: Nong Yu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This research paper presents an advanced Augmented Reality (AR) system for intelligent and adaptive navigation, leveraging cutting-edge artificial intelligence techniques. Our novel approach integrates deep learning, computer vision, natural language processing, and reinforcement learning to create a highly responsive and context-aware navigation experience in both indoor and outdoor settings. By placing AI at the forefront of our system, we address longstanding challenges in AR navigation and pave the way for more intuitive, efficient, and personalized wayfinding solutions.
Apoptosis Induction and S-Phase Cell Cycle Blockade in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (A549) by Chlorophytum comosum (Thunb.) Jaques
Authors: Adhami Shehla , Farooqi Humaira , Malik Asrar Ahmad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Methods
The ethanolic roots (CCRE) and leaves (CCLE) extracts were interrogated for their apoptotic potential against human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) using DNA fragmentation, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining apoptosis assay and cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry.
Results
Our results revealed significant DNA damage and apoptosis induced cell death in A549 cell line on treatment with active concentrations (40 µg/ml and 80 µg/ml) of the ethanolic extracts with S phase cell cycle arrest.
Conclusions
This is the first study demonstrating the apoptosis inducing potential of chemically characterized bioactive compounds present in ethanolic leaves and roots extracts from Chlorophytum comosum against non-small cell human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. The study concludes that Chlorophytum comosum can be a potential candidate for the natural bioactive compounds that can be isolated, characterized and clinically evaluated for the development of novel naturally derived anti-cancer drugs against lung cancer.
Photonic embedding learning with high energy efficiency exceeding 100 GOPS/W/mm2
Authors: Chen Hongwei , Huang Yuyao , Liu Wencan , Sun Run , Chan Peng Meng , He Yutong , Chen Tianle , Yang Sigang , Fu Tingzhao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Photonic neuromorphic computing offers substantial enhancements in machine vision processing by providing ultrahigh operation bandwidth and reduced energy consumption, thereby outperforming conventional electronic systems based on Von Neumann architectures. However, scalability challenges persist in implementing chip-scale photonic computing --- particularly when accommodating high-dimensional tensor inputs --- due to inherent physical constraints and the complexity of control engineering. In this paper, we introduce a compact photonic embedding unit (PEU) that integrates with on-chip diffractive multi-kernel optical convolution to enable parallel, high-complexity vision perception. By leveraging amplitude-phase co-modulatio{}n within the PEU, high-dimensional tensors can be simultaneously loaded and processed with energy efficiency exceeding 100 giga-operations per watt per square milimeter (GOPS/W/mm2). We experimentally validate the feasibility of PEU by demonstrating diverse machine vision applications including Megapixel color image compression with a maximum 4.5:1 compression ratio, image classification over CIFAR-4 dataset with a 70.3% accuracy, and video-based multi-frame fusion for human action recognition with a 97.5% accuracy and a 66.7% reduction in computation load. Our work provides a pathway for future large-scale and high-dimensional vision embedding with photonic integrated circuits, enabling the practical application of chip-scale photonic computing in increasingly sophisticated scenarios --- such as autonomous driving, astronautics, and telecommunications --- at picosecond latency and femtojoule-level energy consumption per operation.
Exploring the Impact of Shakti Prana on Mental Toughness, Mental Clarity, and Real-Life Fighting Skills
Authors: Jubair Hassan , Oishy Sadia Sharmin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study explores the transformative impact of the Shakti Prana training program, a unique system that combines mindfulness practices with physical self-defense training. This study examines the program's capacity to improve mental toughness, self-defense confidence, stress tolerance, and general psychological hardiness. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study investigates the experiences of participants over a range of training durations, finding patterns and effects to explore. Results show that Shakti Prana not only provides the participants with the ability for active personal defense but also leads to substantial enhancements in mental lucidity, emotional stability, and ability to manage a confrontational situation. One of the more striking features is the 9-month training point, which saw participants show the best scores for both mental stimulation and general well-being. The findings highlight the important psychological role of resilience in improving the level of physical preparedness and self-defense sense. Through the fusion of meditation, respiratory exercise, and physical activity, Shakti Prana provides a complete process that gets people ready for everyday life problems and personal development. This research provides valuable insights into the interplay between mental and physical training, setting the stage for further exploration of Shakti Prana's long-term impacts and its potential as a benchmark for comprehensive personal development programs.
Improving Seismic Resilience of Steel Bridges using Fiber Reinforced Polymers' Laminates
Authors: El-Kherbawy Mohamed Emam , gamal Amr El , Elshazli Mohamed T. , Khalifa Yasser A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This paper investigates the seismic strengthening of aging composite steel bridges, particularly those in recently classified hazardous seismic regions in Egypt. Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) are proposed for reinforcing bridge steel girders due to their favourable strength-to-weight ratio, especially in the absence of specific guidelines in the Egyptian Code of Practice (ECP) for seismic retrofitting using FRP laminates. The preferred FRP types considered are GFRP, CFRP, and KFRP. Three strengthening scenarios were evaluated using finite element modelling (FEM): strengthening only the lower flanges of the main girders, strengthening only the webs, and strengthening both the lower flanges and webs. Seismic analysis was conducted using the time history analysis method with the El Centro earthquake time history applied. The study identified that twisting of the main girders is the predominant seismic behaviour, resulting in concentrated shear stresses near the supports, estimated to occur approximately (L/20) from each support. Strengthening the outer faces of the main girders’ lower flanges using GFRP laminates emerged as the optimal scenario due to their superior shear strength-to-cost ratio. Failure criteria analysis of GFRP laminates revealed Tsai-Hill criterion as critical, with a margin of safety (MOS) of 3.48, and matrix tension failure as the dominant failure mode for the flange laminates. FRP laminates offer a significant solution for enhancing the seismic resilience of aging steel bridges, owing to their lightweight nature, high strength-to-weight ratio, and ease of application.
Prevalence, Barriers, and Socio-Economic Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women in Rwanda: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Uwinkindi Francois , Tlhaloganyang Bakang Percy , Gordillo-Tobar Amparo Elena , Gishoma Darius , Navarro Sergio Munoz , Medici Andre , Bagahirwa Irene , Maniragaba Theoneste , Hategekimana Jean De Dieu , Hagenimana Marc , Businge Lydia , Sabushimike Daniel , Remera Eric , Muvunyi Claude Mambo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Despite national efforts, cervical cancer screening participation remains critically low in Rwanda. This study assesses the prevalence, barriers, and socio-economic determinants of cervical cancer screening among Rwandan women.
Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2022 Rwanda Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors STEPS Survey. Data from a sample of 2,719 women aged 30-69 years were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression to identify predictors of not undergoing cervical cancer screening.
Results: Among women aged 30-69 years, 89.8% reported never undergoing cervical cancer screening. The most common barrier was lack of knowledge, with 52.2%, citing not knowing how or where to get tested, and lack of time reported by 12.6%. Regression results indicates that women aged 60-69 years were 5% more likely to have never screened compared to those aged 30-44 years (PR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.09). Higher education levels were associated with increased screening uptake; women with primary school education (PR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-0.99) and above primary level education (PR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82-0.98) were less likely to have never screened. Women in the Western province (PR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03-1.19) and rural areas (PR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03-1.16) were more likely to have never screened. Women in Income category E (no income) were less likely to have never screened compared to those in Category A or B [>49USD] (PR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84-0.99).
Conclusion: The high prevalence of non-screening for cervical cancer underscores the need for enhanced health education and improved access to screening services in Rwanda, particularly for older women, those with lower education levels, higher incomes, and residents of rural areas and the Western province.
Effect of Eco-friendly Management of Golf Clubs on Golfers’ Behavioral Intention to Return: Green Image, Perceived Quality as Meditator and Green Marketing as Moderator
Authors: Jeong Kwon-Hyuk , Song Jeongmyeong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background This study aimed to analyze the impact of eco-friendly management practices at golf clubs on golfers’ intentions to return to the respective golf clubs (hereafter referred to as ‘behavioral intention’ for conciseness) through mediating variables of green image and perceived quality. It also examines the moderating effect of green marketing on this relationship. Ultimately, the study aimed to propose effective green marketing strategies that encourage environmentally friendly consumer behaviors among golfers. Further, it sought to provide an academic foundation for the sustainable development of the golf industry and offer practical, eco-friendly management solutions for golf club operators.
Methods Data were collected from 252 South Korean golfers through multiple field surveys and analyzed using frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis with Hayes’ PROCESS macro.
Results The findings show that, first, a green image fully mediates the relationship between eco-friendly management and behavioral intention. Second, perceived quality also fully mediates this relationship. Third, green marketing has a moderating effect on this relationship.
Conclusions This study shows that golf clubs should not stop at simply implementing eco-friendly management practices but rather provide experience factors that satisfy customers’ experiences by promoting such practices effectively. Furthermore, it is important to strengthen the trust of the customers and enhance the clubs’ eco-friendly image and customers’ brand loyalty through green marketing.
Design Optimization of Data Pipelines in Gig Economy Platforms: Improving Data Processing Efficiency
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Gig economy platforms depend significantly on effective data processing to manage the requirements of changing environments. Nonetheless, conventional data pipelines often face obstructions and delays, which restrict overall operational efficiency. In this research, we present a novel approach aimed at enhancing data pipelines tailored for gig economy platforms. Our system integrates sophisticated design concepts with responsive algorithms to improve data flow and minimize latency. By analyzing current challenges, we intentionally distribute resources based on real-time data needs. We evaluate the effects of our optimizations through precise performance metrics that gauge data throughput and processing speed. Experimental findings show that our method greatly improves the efficiency of data operations, establishing a basis for expanding gig economy platforms while upholding service quality. This study provides important perspectives on the complex dynamics of data management within fast-evolving business environments, promoting additional investigation into effective and scalable strategies in the gig economy.
Understanding stakeholder perspectives on the implementation and management of riparian buffer zones in the Santa Lucia River Basin, Uruguay
Authors: Paarlberg Alfred , Sena Guillermo , Loc Ho Huu , Schultner Jannik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Riparian buffer zones are essential nature-based solutions for protecting freshwater ecosystems globally, yet their implementation faces challenges in balancing ecological, agricultural, and social needs. In the Santa Lucía River Basin (SLRB) in Uruguay, these buffers are critical for improving water quality but face issues like low compliance and limited awareness of the policy in place. We explored stakeholder perspectives on riparian buffer implementation through 24 semi-structured interviews with government institutions, researchers, producer unions, producers, NGOs, and locals. The aim was to identify perceptions of current and desired ecosystem services, buffer characteristics, and barriers and opportunities to successful implementation. The results show that stakeholders acknowledge key ecosystem services such as pollution retention and erosion reduction, but they desire additional services like enhanced agricultural productivity and recreational opportunities. Stakeholders identified native vegetation and the spatial dimensions of buffer zones as important physical characteristics of buffer zones. Preferred management practices included no-tillage and extensive agricultural management practices, while policy should aim to adapt buffer zones to the specific conditions of the area they are located in instead of a “one-size-fits-all” policy design. Barriers such as producer cooperation, communication gaps, and economic costs hinder progress. To address these barriers, potential solutions include improving stakeholder collaboration, emphasizing the multifunctional benefits of riparian buffers, strengthening compliance monitoring, exploring opportunities to provide technical support to farmers, and adopting integrated environmental management approaches. By addressing these interconnected challenges, riparian buffers can become resilient, multifunctional solutions that enhance ecosystem services, benefiting both biodiversity and human well-being in the SLRB.
Natural Plant Fiber Selection Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Techniques
Authors: Anurag Jasti , Biswas Sandhyarani 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Natural plant fibers are primarily composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, pectin, and wax, with minor amounts of other constituents. These constituents have an impact on the fiber’s physical, mechanical, thermal, and other characteristics. The researchers’ es-timations or limited evaluation perspectives still govern the selection of natural fibers for composite fabrication. By applying Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods to the properties of natural fibers, one can make a statistically sound decision about which fiber to use. However, this can be a disadvantage in terms of the complexity of testing for determining fiber properties when introducing a new fiber. Whereas, the determination of chemical constituents is an easy and straightforward procedure. This paper describes a novel technique designed in MATLAB for natural plant fiber selection based on the chem-ical constituents of the fibers as well as the correlation between the properties of the fibers and their chemical constituents. The correlation matrix was used to convert the weights given to properties into the weights of chemical constituents by weighted scoring model. The best suitable method among the MCDM’s was also determined. The high degree of agreement between the traditional method and the proposed method indicates that the pro-posed technique can be used as a tool for the selection of natural plant fiber.
Perceptions of Medical Teaching Staff Toward the Twelve Roles of Teachers at Almogtarebeen University: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Adam YousifAbdallah , Elhuda Daffalla Alam , Elnimeiri Mustafa , Alkhatim Waleed Azhary Sir , Attaalmanan Esraa M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Faculty perceptions of their roles significantly influence educational outcomes. Harden’s model of the twelve roles for medical teachers offers a comprehensive framework to balance traditional and student-centered approaches. This study examines how faculty members at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Almogtarebeen, perceive and adhere to these roles.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, targeting 50 faculty members. Data were collected using structured, pre-tested questionnaires. Quantitative data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, and qualitative insights were gathered through open-ended responses.
Results
Faculty members primarily identified as information providers, emphasizing teacher-centered learning in lectures and clinical settings. Less preference was shown for roles such as facilitator and resource developer. Statistical analysis identified correlations between years of experience and role perception. Barriers included limited institutional support and lack of training in student-centered approaches. Figures and tables illustrate the statistical findings.
Conclusions
Transitioning from teacher-centered to student-centered roles requires targeted faculty development programs and structural curriculum reforms.