bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Alzeihmer’s disease detection using Deep learning Technique
Authors: Sekhar BVDS , Jagadev Alok Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The human brain serves as the primary control centre for the humanoid system. Computer vision plays a vital part in the field of human health, which helps to reduce the amount of human judgement that is required to produce accurate findings. Scans using computed tomography (CT), x-rays, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the most popular imaging technologies used in MRI, and they could also the greatest trustworthy and safe. The MRI can identify even the most minute of objects. In this paper Alzheimer’s disease detection in early-stage, based on MRI by using the deep learning technique U-Net and Efficient net which is a Convolutional neural network is implemented. Diagnosing of Alzheimer's disease (AD) accurately is an vital aspect in treating AD patients, eventually during the early disease stages. This is particularly true in the early disease stages of the disease, when awareness of risk, enables AD patients to takeup protective measures well before the occurrence of brain damage that cannot be reversed. Despite of the fact that computers have been utilised in a significant number of recent research to diagnose AD, the majority of machine detection approaches are restricted by congenital findings. Early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be identified, but early-stage AD cannot be predicted because prediction of the disease is successful only before the (AD) disease reveals itself. Deep Learning, often known as DL, has recently emerged as a popular method for the initial recognition of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this article, we will give a quick overview of some of the key research that has been done on AD, and we will investigate how DL can assist researchers in the early phases of disease diagnosis.
Efficacy and safety of using auditory-motor entrainment to improve walking after stroke: A multi-site randomized controlled trial of the InTandemTM neurorehabilitation system
Authors: Awad Louis , Jayaraman Arun , Nolan Karen , Lewek Michael , Bonato Paolo , Newman Mark , Putrino David , Raghavan Preeti , Pohlig Ryan , Harris Brian , Parker Danielle , Taylor Sabrina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Walking slowly in the chronic phase of stroke limits community ambulation and reduces long-term health and quality of life. Our objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of an autonomous neurorehabilitation system designed to utilize auditory-motor entrainment to improve walking in people in the chronic phase of stroke recovery.
Methods: The multi-site, prospective, interventional, 2-arm randomized controlled trial enrolled 87 individuals >6 months post-stroke and with walking speeds between 0.5 m/s and 0.8 m/s. Participants were asked to complete 15 walking intervention sessions over a 5-week period and were assigned to either experimental (i.e., walking with the MR-001 neurorehabilitation system [InTandemTM]) or Active Control (i.e., walking without InTandem) interventions. The primary endpoint was the between-group difference in the change in walking speed, as measured by the 10-meter walk test (10mWT) before and after each intervention period. Between-group differences in the rate of responders and time course of walking speed improvement were also assessed. Responders were those with a: (1) speed increase >0.16 m/s or (2) speed increase >0.16 m/s and a post-training speed above 0.80 m/s. Safety was assessed by the frequency of adverse events (AEs).
Results: InTandem resulted in a larger increase in speed (Δ: 0.14±0.03 m/s) compared to Active Control (Δ: 0.06±0.02 m/s) (F(1,49)=6.58, p=0.013). Participants randomized to InTandem were over 3x more likely to be responders (χ2(1)≥6.47, p=0.01). InTandem was also associated with a 2.7x faster rate of speed increase over the 15-session intervention period (F(16,206)=1.790, p=0.034). Both groups experienced the same number of AEs and serious AEs.
Conclusions: InTandem uses the closed-loop control of music to autonomously individualize and progress walking rehabilitation. While further study is warranted to better understand the ideal treatment length, durability of effect, and healthcare resource utilization impact, InTandem provides a safe and effective intervention that improves walking speed in the chronic phase of stroke.
Trial registration: NCT04121754
Critical evaluation of the reliability of DNA methylation probes on the Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip microarrays
Authors: Zhang Wei , Young Juan I. , Gomez Lissette , Schmidt Michael A. , Lukacsovich David , Varma Achintya , Chen X. Steven , Kunkle Brian , Martin Eden R. , Wang Lily 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
DNA methylation (DNAm) plays a crucial role in a number of complex diseases. However, the reliability of DNAm levels measured using Illumina arrays varies across different probes. Previous research primarily assessed probe reliability by comparing duplicate samples between the 450k-450k or 450k-EPIC platforms, with limited investigations on Illumina EPIC arrays. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of the EPIC array probe reliability using 138 duplicated blood DNAm samples generated by the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study. We introduced a novel statistical measure, the modified intraclass correlation, to better account for the disagreement in duplicate measurements. We observed higher reliability in probes with average methylation beta values of 0.2 to 0.8, and lower reliability in type I probes or those within the promoter and CpG island regions. Importantly, we found that probe reliability has significant implications in the analyses of Epigenome-wide Association Studies (EWAS). Higher reliability is associated with more consistent effect sizes in different studies, the identification of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and methylation quantitative trait locus (mQTLs), and significant correlations with downstream gene expression. Moreover, blood DNAm measurements obtained from probes with higher reliability are more likely to show concordance with brain DNA measurements. Our findings, which provide crucial reliable information for probes on the EPIC array, will serve as a valuable resource for future DNAm studies.
Approach to Multi-Attribute Decision-making Based on VIKOR under Q-Rung Orthopair Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Hao Yun , Lin Zhichao , Zhou Ligang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The q-rung probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets (q-ROPHFS) can accurately capture the initial information provided by decision makers (DMs), thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the decision method. A new multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) method combining distance measures of q-rung probabilistic hesitant fuzzy elements (q-ROPHFEs) with the VIKOR is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a distance measurement method under the q-rung orthopair probabilistic hesitant fuzzy environment (q-ROPHFEN) is brought forward. Secondly, a maximum deviation function of q-rung probabilistic hesitant fuzzy elements is presented to determine the weights of attributes when the attribute weights are unknown. Lastly, the VIKOR is extended to solve the probabilistic hesitant fuzzy MADM problem. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the validity of the above method.
The role of digital economy in reducing urban carbon emissions: empirical evidence from Chinese cities
Authors: PAN Sheng , HE Timan , REN Yabing , DONG Caihua , XU Xiumei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the affiliation between the digitalized economy and carbon release in 282 Chinese urban areas from 2005 to 2019. Fixed effects models, system GMM models, and Spatial Durbin models have been utilized to exploit the consequences of digital economy on carbon release. The findings demonstrate that (1) digital economy appreciably mitigates carbon output and carbon intensity. Moreover, digital economy facilitates eco-friendly technological development and optimizes industrial structure. (2) It exerts a more profound influence on carbon reduction in the middle east region, as opposed to the western region, where economic growth has greater possibilities (3) The effect of the digital economy on reducing carbon dioxide emissions is influenced by valid duration of policies and shows a spatial effect. Drawing on findings, this paper suggests policy recommendations from three key areas: advancing industrial restructuring, fostering technological revolution, and harnessing regional radiation effects of digital economy to bolster its advancement.
High Storage and Energy Efficient Memory for Cryogenic Computing
Authors: Zhao Qing-Tai , Han Yi , Sun Jingxuan , Richstein Benjamin , Bae Jin , Allibert Frederic , Radu Ionut , Grützmacher Detlev , Knoch Joachim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Efficient computing in cryogenic environments, encompassing classical von Neumann architectures, advanced quantum and neuromorphic systems, holds the potential to revolutionize big data processing. As the demand for high storage density and energy-efficient memories grows, the absence of a clear solution for cryogenic memory remains a challenge. Here, we present a cryogenic capacitorless Random Access Memory (C2RAM) utilizing advanced Si technology. This innovation is positioned to reshape cryogenic computing, with its high scalability and the capacity to be written and erased across multiple-states, significantly boosting the storage density. Notably, the C2RAM requires only ultra-low write energies, measuring just a few zeptojoules and provides exceptionally long retention times preserving data for over a decade. This positions C2RAM as a prime contender for nonvolatile memory for cryogenic von Neumann architectures and quantum technologies. In addition, the memory unit emulates biological synapses, including potentiation and depression, enabling a seamless integration into crossbar arrays, requiring no additional selectors for neuromorphic computing. The fusion of logic and analog capabilities unlocks substantial potential for high-density cryogenic memory applications. This innovative breakthrough enables the convergence of classical von Neumann, quantum, and neuromorphic computing, harnessing the significant performance advantages anticipated at cryogenic temperatures.
Association between Sick Child Facility Readiness and Provision of Care at the Individual and Facility Level in Five Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Carter Emily D , Sheffel Ashley , Requejo Jennifer , Kosek Margaret , Campbell Harry , Eisele Thom , Munos Melinda K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Raising the quality of health services is key to continued progress in improving child health, however, data on service quality are limited and difficult to interpret. The relationship between facility readiness and the provision of quality care is poorly characterized.
Methods
Using publicly available data sets from five low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), we assessed 1) how structural factors enable or restrict provision of care and 2) how closely provision of healthcare aligns with structural factors for managing sick children. We developed indices for readiness and provision of care accounting for available indicators, expert opinion, and alignment with IMCI guidelines. In each country, we assessed the association between readiness and provision of care, with and without adjusting for other factors. We considered associations overall, by domain, and by provider type, explored non-linear associations, and compared associations at the individual and facility-level.
Results
The analysis included data from 3,149 health facilities and 11,159 sick child observations. In four of the five countries included in the analysis, we observed a significant positive association between readiness and provision of care with a magnitude of approximately 0.1 after adjusting for facility type and managing authority. There was little evidence of a non-linear relationship or a threshold effect altering the relationship between readiness and provision of care. Beyond readiness, younger child age, higher cost of care, and having a respiratory, digestive, or febrile diagnosis were most often associated with a higher quality of care. Higher “human resources” readiness domain scores were most consistently associated with better provision of care, while the provision of care domain of “treatment” was the least influenced by readiness. Facility-level associations did not vary greatly from individual-level associations.
Conclusions
These analyses suggest facility readiness plays a significant but limited role in the quality of case management provided to children with common illnesses of early childhood. Data for assessing provision of health services are limited, presenting challenges for understanding health worker actions. We need better data to assess the quality of care being delivered in LMICs to understand what factors drive health worker decision-making, with the ultimate goal of improving the management of sick children.
Reversal of Disease Phenotypes in ALS and Genetic Premature Aging Cells by Redirecting Misfolded TDP-43 Proteins into Physiological TDP-43 Oligomers
Authors: Wang I-Fan , Chang Hsiang-Yu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A group of misfolded prone-to-aggregate domains in disease-causing proteins has recently been shown to adopt unique conformations that play a role in fundamental biological processes, including the formation of membrane-less sub-organelles, alternative splicing, and gene activation. The cellular responses are regulated by the conformational switching of prone-to-aggregate domains. Given this, targeting the misfolded states of disease-causing proteins to redirect them towards their physiological conformations is emerging as an effective therapeutic strategy for diseases caused by protein misfolding. In our study, we successfully identified baicalein as a potent structure-correcting agent. Our findings demonstrate that baicalein can reconfigure existing TDP-43 aggregates into an oligomeric state both in vitro and in disease cells. This transformation effectively restores the bioactivity of misfolded TDP-43 proteins in cellular models of ALS and premature aging in progeria. Impressively, in progeria cells where defective lamin A interferes with TDP-43-mediated exon skipping, the formation of pathological TDP-43 aggregates is promoted. Baicalein, however, restores the functionality of TDP-43 and mitigates nuclear shape defects in these laminopathic cells. This establishes a connection between lamin A and TDP-43 in the context of aging. Our findings suggest that targeting physiological TDP-43 oligomers could offer a promising therapeutic avenue for treating aging-associated disorders.
Decrease in UCP1 by sustained high lipid promotes NK cell necroptosis to exacerbate nonalcoholic liver fibrosis
Authors: Gong Weijuan , Gu Min , Zhang Yu , Lin Zhijie , Hu Xiangyu , Zhu Yaqin , Xiao Wei , Jia Xiaoqin , Chen Weiwei , Lu Guotao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) catalyzes the leak of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane for thermogenesis. Compromised NK cell activity is involved in the occurrence of nonalcoholic liver fibrosis. Here, decreased UCP1 in NK cells was identified in patients with advanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Although no obvious changes were observed in the NK cells of physiologic UCP1−/− mice (8–10 weeks old), impaired NK cell bioactivity was shown in methionine-choline-diet (MCD)-fed UCP1−/− mice and involved in the acerbation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progress to liver fibrosis. Moreover, Bone marrow cross-transplantation experiments proved that UCP1-deficient NK cells were responsible for the aggravation of liver fibrosis. Acerbation of liver fibrosis was also seen in wild-type mice when their endogenous NK cells were replaced with UCP1−/− NK cells. Transcriptions of mitophagy-associated molecules in UCP1−/− NK cells were enhanced according to RNA-seq. Electron microscopic results showed mitochondrial injuries and autophagic vesicles in MCD-fed NKWT cells, PA-treated NKWT cells, or physiologic NKKO cells. However, the co-existence of UCP1 deficiency and high lipid can synergistically induce NK cell necroptosis via DRP1S616 accompanied with reduced mitophagy. Finally, The UCP1 in NK cells was downregulated when treated by sustained high PA (600 µM) via the PPARγ/ATF2 axis. Thus, persistent high-lipid treatment not only decreases UCP1 expression but also combines with reduced UCP1 to promote NK cell necroptosis, and it is involved in NASH progression to fibrosis.
Performance and mechanism analysis of sludge-based biochar loaded with Co and Mn as photothermal catalysts for simultaneous removal of acetone and NO at low temperature
Authors: Wang Hongqiang , Huang Sheng , Liao Lei , Mo Shengpeng , Zhou Xiaobin , fan yinming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A series of sludge-based biochar catalysts with different sludge calcination temperatures and different Co and Mn addition ratios were prepared by a simple hydrothermal synthesis method for the simultaneous removal of acetone and NO in a low-temperature photothermal co-catalytic system with acetone replacing NH3. Among them, the catalyst with sludge calcined at 400 ℃ and Co, Mn addition ratios of 4:1 (400@4:1) showed the optimal photothermal catalytic performance, with the conversion of acetone and NO reaching 42.98% and 52.41% at 240 ℃, respectively. The physicochemical properties of each catalyst were analyzed by characterization of SEM, XRD, BET, XPS, FT-IR, H2-TPR, O2-TPD, UV-vis, and transient photocurrent response (TPC). The effects of specific surface area, valence and content of Co and Mn atoms, types of surface adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen, optical properties, and other factors on the catalytic properties of the catalysts were investigated. A possible mechanism for the catalytic conversion of acetone and NO on the catalyst surface was proposed based on the Mars - van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism. A new strategy is provided for the resource utilization of sewage sludge and the preparation of photothermal catalysts for the simultaneous removal of acetone and NO at low cost.
Climate-dependent plant responses to earthworms in two land-use types
Authors: Liu Qun , Eisenhauer Nico , Scheu Stefan , Angst Gerrit , Bücker Miriam , Huang Yuanyuan , Meador Travis B. , Schädler Martin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Plant nutrient uptake and productivity are driven by a multitude of factors that have been modified by human activities, such as climate change and the activity of decomposers. However, interactive effects of climate change and key decomposer groups like earthworms have rarely been studied. In a field microcosm experiment we investigated the effects of a mean future climate scenario for the period between 2070 and 2100 in Germany with warming and altered precipitation and earthworms (anecic - Lumbricus terrestris, endogeic - Allolobophora chlorotica and both together) on plant biomass and stoichiometry in two contrasting land-use types (intensively-used meadow with four forage grass species and conventional farming). In contrast to previous studies we found little evidence for earthworm effects on aboveground biomass. However, future climate increased above- (+ 40.9%) and belowground biomass (+ 44.7%) of grass communities, which was mainly driven by production of the dominant Festulolium species during periods outside the projected summer drought, but slightly decreased the aboveground biomass (-36.9%) of winter wheat. Projected climate change and earthworms interactively affected the N content and C:N ratio of grasses. Earthworms enhanced the N content thereby decreasing the C:N ratio in grasses, but only under ambient climate conditions. The future climate treatment generally decreased the N content of grasses and winter wheat, resulting in an increase in plant C:N ratio. Our results suggest that climate change diminishes the positive effects of earthworms on plant nutrient uptakes due to soil water deficit, especially during summer drought.
Paclitaxel resistance of ovarian clear cell carcinoma reveals the ABC- and SLC- transporter genes to mediate glycolytic metabolism.
Authors: Lin Tsai-Yu , Li Pei-Jhen , Lin Yi-Hui , Shih Jou-Ho , Lin Tung-Yi , Gu Shin-Yuan , Chou Teh-Ying , Lee Yu-Ching , Lang Yaw-Dong , Chang Shwu-Fen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) often becomes resistant to platinum based therapy when at an advanced stage. However, metabolic phenotypes and changes in its resistance remain unclear. Hence, we investigated the metabolic effect of paclitaxel resistance in OCCC and normal ovarian epithelium OSE2a cells.
Methods The viability and cytotoxicity of paclitaxel resistant cells were determined. Glycolytic stress was measured using a Seahorse extracellular flux analyzer. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to elucidate differentially expressed genes upon paclitaxel resistance Comprehensive metabolomics (capillary electrophoresis time of flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS and CE-QqQMS) and transcriptomics analysis (RNA-Seq) were performed to characterize metabolic pathways in paclitaxel resistant OCCC cells.
Results ES2 resistant cells had slower ATP and guanosine 5' triphosphate (GTP inflow and a greater nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH/NADH coenzyme (NAD ratio with an elevated oxygen consumption rate. Sets of ABC binding cassette (ABC- and solute carrier (SLC) transporter genes were found to be enriched in ES2 resistant cells involving glycolysis metabolism and molecular transport. We further demonstrate d that in response to high paclitaxel resistance, characteristic metabolomic changes in ES2 cells were a reduction in the energy requiring phase of glycolysis and the induction of metabolites in the energy releasing phase of glycolysis . Moreover, metabolite levels of selected cancer related nonessential amino acids, including serine glycine metabolism increased with paclitaxel resistance.
Conclusions This is the first work to elucidate metabolic profiles of paclitaxel resistance in OCCC cells, indicating possible underlying mechanisms by which cells respond to paclitaxel cells, indicating possible underlying mechanisms by which cells respond to paclitaxel therapy through therapy through ABC-- and SLC--transporter genes, thereby affecting glycolysis transporter genes, thereby affecting glycolysis metabolism metabolism inin response to paclitaxel resistance.response to paclitaxel resistance.