bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eritme Potasından Kültürel Çoğulculuğa Amerikan Deneyimi: “Crash/ Çarpışma” Filmi Bağlamında Bir Çözümleme
Authors: ŞAN Mustafa Kemal , YILDIRIM Emine 
Published: November 2023

İnsanların sahip olduğu din, dil, etnisite, kültür, cinsiyet ve benzeri farklılıklar bireysel kimliklerini oluşturmaktadırlar. Özellikle günümüzde teknolojik gelişmeler vasıtasıyla yaşanan toplumsal hareketlenmeler birbirinden oldukça farklı kimlikten bireylerin bir araya gelmesini sağlamış ve çok uluslu yapılara sahip devletleri ve bu devletlerde farklı kimliklerin tanınması ve kültürel farklara saygı gösterilmesini talep eden azınlık grupların sorunlarını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Çeşitli etnik gruba sahip olan ülkelerde birlikte yaşama sorununa çözümler getirebilmek için çeşitli çoğulculuk ve çokkültürcülük politikaları geliştirilmiştir. Bu politikalar Kanada ve Avustralya ülkelerinde farklılıkları tanıyan ve “hoşgürü”yü içeren çokkültürcülüğü devlet politikası olarak tanınması şeklinde gerçekleşirken, kendi devlet yapısını çok kültürlü olarak tanımayan Amerikan deneyiminde ise, etnik, dini ve ulusal kimlikleri içinde eriterek yeni oluşumları ortaya çıkaracaklarına inandıkları eritme potası metaforundan, kültürel çoğulculuğa gibi yaklaşımlar ile bu sorunu çözmeye çalıştıkları bilinmektedir.
Bu makalede 2004 yılı Amerikan yapımı olan, Paul Haggis’in yazdığı ve yönettiği Crash filmini metin söylem analizi bağlamında değerlendirmeye çalışacağız. Film ABD’nin etnik ve kültürel çeşitliliği en yüksek olan Kaliforniya Eyaleti Los Angeles şehrinde geçiyor. Şehir Hispanik dominant bir nüfusa sahip olmanın yanında Asya Pasifik, Ortadoğu gibi dünyanın her yerinden gelen insanları da bir arada yaşatıyor. Filmde yönetmen Meksika kökenli bir polis memuru, siyahileri, İranlı bir aileyi ve pek çok etnik kökene sahip gruptan gelen insanı bir araya getirerek Amerika’nın kendi içinde yaşamış olduğu ırkçılık sorununa derinden ve çok cesurca müdahalelerde bulunuyor. “En İyi Film”, “En İyi Orijinal Senaryo” ve “En İyi Kurgu” dallarında Akademi ödülünü almış olan “Crash” filmi esasında Amerika’nın bünyesinde barındırdığı muazzam çeşitliliği ve farklılıkları yok etmeyi ve Amerikan kimliğinde eritmeyi hedefleyen eritme potasından kültürel çoğulculuğa pek çok meseleyi de sinemanın ifade gücü ile gözler önüne serme başarısı gösteriyor.
Revolutionary Painting and the Palestinian Revolution
Authors: Chabaa Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1974, Moroccan cultural journal Intégral published a special edition on the first Arab biennial of visual arts, which had just taken place in Baghdad. The two documents translated here come from this special edition, and both of them deal with the Palestinian presence at the landmark exhibition. Moroccan artist Mohamad Chebaa and Italian-Moroccan art historian Toni Maraini each consider Palestine an ideal arena for the development of decolonial “combat art,” but express disappointment with its pavilion's emphasis on folk idioms over images of armed struggle. The introduction to these documents situates them in relation to Moroccan and Palestinian discourses surrounding heritage and colonialism, arguing that the Palestinian context erodes the distinction between “folk” and “combat” art in ways foreign to the Casablanca-based intellectuals.
Frequency of injuries and orthopaedic conditions sustained by flyball dogs
Authors: Blake S. , Melfi V. , Tabor G. , Wills A.P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The risk of injury to canine flyball competitors has been noted as similar to that reported for canine agility, affecting approximately one third of competitors throughout their careers. To date, no studies have examined whether elements such as consistently turning in one direction during the box turn are associated with specific types of injuries. The aims of this study were to describe the frequency and types of injuries experienced by flyball dogs and to evaluate variables that may affect injury occurrence at specific anatomical sites which may give insight into potential ways of reducing injury risk. An online questionnaire, sent to owners, was used to obtain data on 75 dogs that had sustained an injury whilst training or competing in flyball in the last five years. Among the 75 dogs, the most common location was the shoulder region (n = 17; 16.8% of injured dogs), followed by the back and trunk (n = 16; 15.8%). Back injuries had the highest recorded number of repeat injuries n = 66 (24.63%), and when all individual injuries were considered, 44.40% (n = 119) of them occurred on the forelimbs. The most common type of injury was inflammation to soft tissue. There was a statistically significant association between the direction the dog turns at the box and the side of occurrence of injuries at the shoulder (X2(2) = 13.71, ), with injuries most likely to occur to the limb on the inside of the turn (left turn = left shoulder). For hip injuries, there was also an association with the most affected side and the side of the box turn (X2(2) = 6.702, ), with injuries most likely to occur on the limb at the outside of the turn (left turn = right hip). These findings identify new risk factors for injury within flyball which can be used to improve welfare and safety for competitors.
Intra-rater reliability, minimum detectable change, and sensitivity of equilibrium coordination tests for school-going children
Authors: Sharma N. , Goyal M. , Samuel A.J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Reliability and other properties for most equilibrium coordination tests have not been established yet among children. Hence, the aim of the present study was to find out the intra-rater reliability, minimum detectable change, and sensitivity of sideways walking, tandem walking, cross-stepping, heel walking, and toe walking among children. 1,104 children of age group 8-17 years with convenient sampling were recruited for the study. Children were asked to perform sideways walking, tandem walking, cross-stepping, heel walking, and toe walking in a non-orderly fashion one by one, and three readings were obtained. The time taken (in seconds) was recorded through calibrated stopwatch. Relative reliability was determined through the Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC3,1) and Cronbach’s alpha, while the coefficient of variation (CV%) and standard error of mean (SEM) were used to establish absolute reliability. The sensitivity of the tests was evaluated by comparing the values of the smallest worthwhile change (SWC) and SEM. minimum detectable change at 95% confidence interval (MDC95) was also estimated. Intra-rater reliability of sideways walking, tandem walking, cross stepping, heel walking, and toe walking to cover a 10 m distance was estimated as 0.97, 0.98, 0.98, 0.94, and 0.97, respectively. Excellent absolute reliability of the tests was established with values less than one. Sensitivity was found to be ‘Good’ for all the tests. Sideways walking, tandem walking, cross-stepping, heel walking, and toe walking are highly reliable tools for the assessment of coordination among children.
Registered on Clinical trials with trial no. NCT05159297.
Biological reduction of aflatoxin M1 in dairy products using probiotic strains: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Monjazeb Marvdashti L. , Emadi A. , Eslami M. , Yousefi B. , Arabameri M. , Abdolshahi A. , Shariatifar N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aflatoxins are naturally occurring toxic substances produced mainly by species of the genusAspergillus that can contaminate almost all foodstuffs. Apart from the harmful effects they have on human and animal health, they can be secreted unchanged in animal milk and cause contamination of milk and its products. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the major and most toxic type of aflatoxin after aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The use of probiotic strains to reduce the amount of aflatoxin in milk and by-products has been observed in many studies. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, articles in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and ISI Web of Science were searched to find eligible studies that reported reduction of AFM1 using probiotics in dairy products. The results were pooled using a random-effects model. In most studies, the efficiency of probiotics in milk has been tested byLactobacillus strains. The results indicated that probiotic microorganisms could significantly reduce AFM1 by 55.76% (confidence interval (CI): 54.35%, 57.16%; I2 = 100%). Besides, the rank order of AFM1 reduction in dairy products based on probiotic strain subgroup was:Lactobacillus 51.99% (CI: 50.14%, 53.85%, I2 = 100%),Saccharomyces 67.36% (CI: 65.05%, 69.67%, I2 = 100%),Bifidobacterium 54.80% (CI: 54.18%, 55.43%, I2 = 99.9%), and 61.90% (CI: 53.80%, 70.00%, I2 = 100%) by a mix of strains. Considering the high binding potential of AFM1 to probiotic strains, these microorganisms can be recommended as a safe system to reduce AFM1 in dairy products.
Biodegradation of aflatoxin B1 by Aspergillus terreus HNGD-TM15 and its degradation mechanism
Authors: Wu T. , Ning M. , Zhang S. , Xie Y. , Li Q. , Sun S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Aspergillus terreus strain HNGD-TM15 that was isolated from soil grown with rosemary was shown to efficiently degrade aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Specifically, AFB1 was degraded by the strain’s fermentation broth at a maximum degradation rate of 98.3%. HPLC and LC-MS analyses detected a degradation product with an m/z ion value of 312.0636. Its molecular formula was C18H39NO3, which was tentatively identified as 2-amino-1, 3,4-octadecatriol. Based on LC-MS results and further analysis, it was revealed that a series of reactions, such as decomposition, reduction (lactone ring hydrogenation) and substitution (hydrolysis), occurred during the degradation of AFB1. Therefore, A. terreus HNGD-TM15 has a great potential for application in the detoxification of AFB1 contaminating food and feed products.
Preharvest and postharvest management practices related to mycotoxin contamination in maize in Ethiopia – a review
Authors: Sadik J.A. , Fentahun N. , Brouwer I.D. , Tessema M. , van der Fels-Klerx H.J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites that commonly contaminate food crops such as maize. Conducive climatic conditions together with improper crop value chain practices are favorable for mycotoxin contamination. Previous studies in Ethiopia have indicated that mycotoxin contamination in maize is prevalent. For the implementation of proper mycotoxin prevention and control strategies, identifying the current local value chain practices that are related to mycotoxin contamination is needed. This review investigates current preharvest and postharvest management practices of maize cultivation in Ethiopia in relation to mycotoxin contamination and identifies gaps in knowledge and priority areas for future research. Findings indicate that the majority of applied preharvest and postharvest practices of maize in Ethiopia seem to favor mycotoxin contamination. Recent developments in grain drying and storage technologies, which are also potential mycotoxin management strategies, are facing constraints for proper implementation in subsistence farmers’ level.
Perception of cat owners on the use of insects as feed ingredients for cats
Authors: Villanueva V. , Valdés F. , Zavala S. , Yáñez J.M. , Valenzuela C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Currently, insects represent a sustainable alternative to animal-based ingredients for pet food, but there is little information on the willingness of cat owners to incorporate insects into their pet diets. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of cat owners to feed insect-based feed. Between June and August 2021, an on-line survey was provided to cat owners in Chile; of the total number of participants (1684), the majority were female (89.2%), with university education (73%) and omnivorous eating habits (63.7%). Participants had an average of 2 cats per household with indoor lifestyle (70.2%). Most participants (63.6%) were willing to feed insects to their cats. Participants were more willing to feed their cats treats containing 20% insect meal (Overall willingness (OW) = 7.1 ± 3.1, on a scale of 1 to 10), than pure insect meal (OW = 4.9 ± 3.3) or whole insects (OW = 4.4 ± 3.3). Cricket meal treats were the most acceptable. Acceptance toward insects increased when mentioning the environmental benefits of insect production (OW = 7.6 ± 2.9). Participants more willing to offer insect-based treats to their cats were also more willing to use pure insect meal and even whole insects. The reasons for not wanting to include insects in cat feed were disgust, unfamiliarity and preference for traditional pet foods.
Growth performance and fatty acids profile of common carp fed with raw black soldier fly larvae and honey bee drone brood
Authors: Gebauer R. , Seeger R. , Gebauer T. , Wegener J. , Kloas W. , Schaefer F.J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the growth performance and liver and muscle fatty acid (FA) profile of juvenile common carp fed with raw black soldier fly (BSFL; Hermetia illucens) and honey bee drone brood (BDB; Apis mellifera), a novel insect in aquaculture, with a commercial carp diet (CCF). After 6 weeks, the weight gain and specific growth rate were significantly higher in fish fed with CCF, followed by the BDB-fed and BSFL-fed fish, with significant differences among groups. The essential FA contents in feeds were disproportionally mirrored in fish livers and muscles, suggesting feed-dependant biosynthesis ability in common carp. In conclusion, the results suggest that dietary FAs affect the muscle FA composition of common carp. Yet, the composition of dietary essential FAs content did not mirror the essential FA content in muscle, confirming the biosynthesis of essential FAs. The BDB appeared to be a viable alternative or supplement to CCF compliant with circular bioeconomy without compromising the FA profile of common carp muscles. Despite the low growth performance of fish fed with BSFL, this diet indicated good nutritional qualities regarding the FA profiles.
Effect of various odour attractants on egg-laying activity of black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens)
Authors: Zim J. , Chkih H. , Bouharroud R. , Sarehane M. , Lhomme P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), is a cosmopolitan fly. Its feeding behaviour, high productivity and the high value of its larvae in macronutrients (mainly lipids and proteins) makes this species one of the promising candidates for large scale insect farming and organic waste management. The reproductive rate, female oviposition preference and oviposition attractants of H. illucens are understudied. A better knowledge of the attractants involved in oviposition site choice would help maximising black soldier fly reproductive success. The current study aims to compare the efficacy of four food attractants on the oviposition activity of H. illucens females. The trial was conducted in a cage (11 × 1.25 × 0.9 m) with a volume of 12.38 m3 and containing 83,610 adults (6750 adults/m3). The cages were placed in a rearing room where the conditions were: T = 28 ± 1 °C, RH = 70 ± 5%, photoperiod of 16 h light: 8 h dark and light intensity = 8140 Lux). The tested feeds included a rabbit feed, fish waste (sardine, sardinella, and anchovy waste), a mixture of tropical fruits (pineapple, banana, papaya and mango), and fresh cattle manure. The performance of each feed attractant was evaluated in terms of the mass of eggs laid on the laying medium. This study showed that fruit mixture is the most efficient attractant, followed by fresh cattle manure and fish waste while the rabbit feed was the least efficient. The results of this study can be used to optimise the reproduction of the black soldier fly.
Effects of diet on the biological activities and content of functional components of silkworm Bombyx mori and its faeces
Authors: Tagawa Y. , Kawahara T. , Kotani S. , Wada M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Silkworm, Bombyx mori, and its faeces are notable healthy foods because of their biologically active components originating from mulberry (Morus spp.) leaves. However, in modern sericulture, silkworms are reared on artificial diet made primarily from defatted soybeans and dried mulberry leaf powder throughout the year. Neither the contents of functional components nor the biological activities of silkworms and their faeces raised on artificial diet have been investigated. Therefore, 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) content, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), total phenolic, total flavonoid and chlorophyll content were evaluated in silkworms and their faeces reared on mulberry leaves, artificial diet and then artificial diet switched to mulberry leaf from the fifth instar for four days. The DNJ content of silkworms depended on that in their diet and was significantly lower in silkworms fed with artificial diet than in those fed with mulberry leaves similar to the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. On the contrary, TEAC, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were similar in all silkworms regardless of feeding conditions. In the faeces of the artificial diet-reared group, TEAC, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were significantly higher than those of the mulberry leaf-reared group. Chlorophyll content in faeces depended on the content of diet, whereas that in silkworms was low regardless of the diet type. The biological activities and contents of functional compounds in the artificial diet-reared group were at similar levels with those of the mulberry leaf-reared group when the diet switched to mulberry leaf from the first day of the fifth instar for four days, indicating that the biological activities and content of functional components in silkworms and its faeces are defined by diet and changeable over a short period.
Influence of substituting fishmeal with Vespa orientalis meal in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets on growth and feed utilisation
Authors: El-Sheikh H.A. , Abo-Donia F.M. , Ghania A.M.M. , Hussein E.E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The impact on growth performance, feed efficiency, and health status of substituting 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of fishmeal (FM) with Vespa orientalis meal (WM) in the Nile tilapia diets was examined. Fifteen hapas of randomly selected fingerlings (with a mean weight of 1.1 g ± 0.02) were fed the test meals for 84 days. The findings indicated that the fish development rate was not noticeably affected when FM was partially replaced by up to 50% of WM. The feed conversion ratios of WM25 and WM50 were considerably greater () than those of all other diets. The substitution of FM by WM up to 100% did not significantly alter the values of total protein, globulin, albumin, urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (). These results suggest that the Nile tilapia is unaffected by the integration of WM up to 50% instead of FM without adverse effects on growth and nutrient utilisation.
Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes sp.) larvae as a nutrient rich delicacy: a comparison of nutrient profiles from four counties in western Kenya
Authors: Egonyu J.P. , Olubowa R.R. , Tanga C.M. , Cheseto X. , Subramanian S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The nutritional value of larvae of the rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes sp., a popular delicacy and source of animal feed in western Kenya is unknown. This study aimed to determine the nutritional composition of Oryctes sp. larvae consumed in western Kenya and compare the nutrient values across four sampling counties i.e. Busia, Bungoma, Trans Nzoia and Kakamega. The hypotheses tested were: (1) the beetle larvae were rich in nutrients including moisture, crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat, carbohydrates, minerals, flavonoids and vitamins; and (2) these nutrient values were not affected by the county of collection of the samples. The nutritional values of triplicates of larval samples collected from the four counties were analysed using standard chemical procedures and compared using one-way analysis of variance. The larvae contained approximately 18, 42, 2, 1, and 19% moisture, crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat and carbohydrates on dry matter basis, respectively. Nine minerals namely magnesium, iron, zinc, calcium, copper, aluminium, cobalt, manganese and sodium were detected in the larvae at approximately 493, 26, 14, 267, 3, 14, 1, 9 and 221 mg/100 g, respectively. Furthermore, appreciable levels of flavonoids and vitamins A, E, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, B2, B5, B6 and B9 were recorded in the larvae. The nutritional composition of the larvae was unique in each county, thereby providing opportunity to use insects from different sites for specific nutritional needs of consumers. The nutrient contents of the larvae were comparable or superior to that of conventional food sources. The larvae were particularly richer in flavonoids than most conventional foods which are currently relied upon as sources of dietary flavonoids. The beetle larvae are therefore vital in fighting malnutrition.
Exploring consumer perception of entomophagy by applying the Rasch model: data from an online survey
Authors: Grispoldi L. , Zampogni L. , Costanzi E. , Karama M. , El-Ashram S. , Al-Olayan E. , Saraiva C. , Garcı́a-Dı́ez J. , Iulietto M.F. , Cenci-Goga B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An online consumer survey, consisting of 23 closed questions divided into 9 sections, was conducted to investigate consumer perception of including edible insects in their diet. The data analysis was carried out using a variation of the classic Rasch-Andrich model for multiple choice questions. The online survey involved individuals (n = 327) from Italy and other 29 different European and non-European countries, with different ages, educational background and eating habits, selected from among people attending the University of Perugia. The analysis showed that the majority of participants (90%) were already aware of the term entomophagy, although only 19% of the participants had already eaten insects. Moreover, 42% of the participants would be willing to pay less than the equivalent of a hamburger to buy 10 g of insects and 93% would consider eating insects if necessary. The factors limiting entomophagy are mainly represented by neophobia, disgust, fear of allergic reactions and microbiological hazards. Furthermore, the majority would expect to find specific shelves in stores for insect-based products. Moreover, the majority of the participants accepted that pet or farm animals could be fed with insect-based products. Lastly, almost all the participants considered food safety of edible insects to be the responsibility of the national competent authorities, as required for other foods. The aim of this study was to address the current perceptions of modern consumers to entomophagy and discover the perceived advantages and disadvantages associated with the consumption of insects. Although it is difficult to predict whether edible insects can effectively represent the “food of the future” and whether they can really become part of western consumers’ diet, the results obtained in this study demonstrated that providing consumers with information not only on insects and the production methods used, but also on food safety measures can improve the consumer’s attitude towards entomophagy.