bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-angiography spontaneous closure of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula: case report in Indonesia
Authors: Permana Affan , Samudra Stevanus , Santoso Fabianto , Wicaksono Adiguno 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Intracranial cases of dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVF) with spontaneous closure rarely occur. We reported a cavernous sinus dAVF (CS-DAVF) that closed spontaneously only after angiography. The patient complained of redness of left eye with reduced visual acuity, chemosis, retro-orbital pain, and ophthalmoplegia. The patient was compos mentis with anisocoria (right pupil with 3 mm diameter and left pupil with 5 mm diameter) and negative pupillary right reflex except the direct pupillary light reflex at the right eye. Diagnostic digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed two times without any intervention. The contrast could not fill the superior ophthalmic vein at the second DSA. At the therapeutic DSA a month later, the fistula between left and right meningohypophyseal trunk toward the cavernous sinus was no longer identified. We hypothesized that the phenomenon of spontaneous dAVF closure is similar by the mechanism according to publication by Al-Afif et al. as the patient had no history of trauma and only received diagnostic angiography procedure along with the contrast that used for the procedure.
Comparative safety and effectiveness of cryoballoon versus radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Furqan Muhammad , Raza Ifrah Inbisat , Younus Shaheera , Fatima Hareer , Azhar Hiba , Fatima Sania Kaneez , Ali Laiba , Khan Sara , Ellahi Aayat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Over the past fifty years, the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) has tripled. Traditionally, the main treatment for this condition has been pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) performed using radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). However, another technique known as cryoballoon ablation (CBA) has been developed as another option for managing this heart rhythm disorder. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of CBA and RFCA for the treatment of AF.

Methods
This study compared the safety and effectiveness of CBA and RFCA for the treatment of AF using a thorough review of randomized controlled trials up until June 1, 2023.

Results
The results revealed that CBA and RFCA had similar effectiveness and safety profiles in achieving freedom from AF (RR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.07, p = 0.99) and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.10, p = 0.79). CBA was faster (MD =  − 23.99; 95% CI: − 32.98 to − 15.00; p < 0.00001) with a higher risk of phrenic nerve palsy (RR = 6.88; 95% CI: 3.26 to 14.50, p < 0.00001). Acute PVI rate (RR = 1.0; 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.01, p = 0.95), overall complications (RR = 1.37; 95% CI: 0.93 to 2.01, p = 0.11), pericardial effusion (RR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.25 to 1.41, p = 0.24), and fluoroscopy time (MD = 1.63; 95% CI: − 2.06 5.32; p = 0.39) did not significantly differ between the two procedures.

Conclusions
CBA and RFCA offer similar outcomes for patients with AF and PAF, with CBA being quicker but carrying a slightly higher risk of phrenic nerve palsy.
Clinical and angiographic profile of left main coronary artery disease in patients with chronic coronary syndrome: a retrospective study
Authors: Algamal Abdulsalam Mahmoud , Salem Mahmoud Abdelbadie , Bedier Ahmed Ibrahim , Hussein Mohammed Salah A. , Abdelrahim Mona Malek , Elhusseiny Shady Hussein 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Obstructive left main disease (LMD) is a challenging entity of coronary artery disease with variable patterns among different studies. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, demographic, clinical, and angiographic profiles of LMD. We conducted a single-center retrospective study over a period of 10 years to screen all patients who underwent elective cardiac catheterization for chronic coronary syndrome. Of the 19,336 screened cases, 944 obstructive LMD patients were included as the patients' group. Age and sex-matched control groups included patients with normal coronary angiography and non-LMD.

Results
Obstructive LMD had a prevalence of 4.9%, a mean age of around 60 years, and a male to female ratio of approximately 3:1. About 9.8% of LMD patients were < 50 years. Compared to males, females with LMD had significantly older age and increasing prevalence with age from 9.7% in patients < 50 years to 27.4% in patients > 70 years. LMD versus non-LMD patients had a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and number of stenotic coronary segments and arteries, and nonsignificant differences regarding smoking, hypertension, previous myocardial infarction, and ejection fraction. Ostial LMD had a prevalence of 2%, a mean age of around 58 years and 21% were females. In LMD patients, the most affected sites were the ostial/proximal left anterior descending artery and distal left main bifurcation. Bypass grafting surgery was the standard angiographic decision in LMD in 75.8% of cases, which was significantly higher than non-LMD. LMD patients revascularized surgically versus percutaneous treatment had significantly lower ejection fraction, significantly higher multivessel disease, and no significant differences regarding age, sex, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion
Obstructive LMD is a relatively common angiographic finding, with a higher prevalence among males around 60 years. In LMD, bypass grafting was the main revascularization strategy. We recommend integrating clinical characteristics, and noninvasive investigations as a predictive model of LMD.
Efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of male smokers with tobacco use disorder: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mousa Salma W. , Badawy Adel A. , Attia Gehan F. , Ghareeb Wesam A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Tobacco use disorder (TUD) is a long-term condition marked by compulsive smoking, intense cravings, and withdrawal effects. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r-TMS), which targets the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), has been identified as a promising therapeutic approach. However, research on the use of r-TMS for treating TUD in Egypt remains scarce. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of active r-TMS in reducing smoking behavior, withdrawal symptoms, cravings, and nicotine dependence, in comparison to sham treatment, while also examining its tolerability as a treatment option for TUD.

Results
Forty male smokers (aged 18–60 years) who smoked a minimum of 10 cigarettes per day for a minimum of 12 months were randomized into two groups: the active r-TMS group (n = 20) and the sham group (n = 20). Active r-TMS treatment, delivered over 15 sessions (5 sessions weekly for 3 consecutive weeks), significantly reduced the number of cigarettes smoked daily (p = 0.001), nicotine dependence (p = 0.023), withdrawal symptoms (both self-reported and observer-rated) (p = 0.001), and craving (p = 0.007) compared to the sham treatment. Urinary cotinine levels, a biomarker of nicotine intake, were also significantly lower in the active r-TMS group during the follow-up period (p = 0.011). The treatment was generally well-tolerated, with only minor side effects, such as headaches (22.5%).

Conclusions
Active r-TMS targeting the left DLPFC effectively reduced nicotine dependence, withdrawal symptoms, and craving, demonstrating its potential as a promising treatment for TUD. These findings align with previous studies supporting the efficacy of r-TMS in addiction treatment. Further research is needed to optimize treatment protocols, explore combined therapies, and assess long-term outcomes to improve smoking cessation in diverse populations.
Prospective observational study of oral clonazepam to prevent high-dose busulfan-induced seizures in adult patients
Authors: Díaz-Carrasco María Sacramento , Sánchez-Salinas Andrés , Fernández-Ávila Juan José , Olmos-Jiménez Raquel , Español-Morales Ignacio , Espuny-Miró Alberto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Busulfan at high doses has been associated with a risk of seizures. Phenytoin has been used traditionally as anti-seizure prophylaxis, and benzodiazepines and levetiracetam have been introduced more recently, providing data from retrospective series. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of oral clonazepam as anti-seizure prophylaxis in adult patients receiving high doses of intravenous busulfan as part of the conditioning regimen for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The secondary objectives were to determine the feasibility of this regimen and to analyze the adverse events associated with the use of clonazepam.

Methods
This prospective, single-center study included 64 adult patients who received conditioning regimens with high doses of intravenous busulfan and anti-seizure prophylaxis with oral clonazepam, at a dose of 1 mg/8 h, from 12 h before starting treatment with busulfan until 48 h after ending administration.

Results
The effectiveness of the prophylaxis was 100%, with no episodes of seizures during busulfan treatment or in the 72 h afterwards. Treatment was feasible, and oral scheduled administration was completed in all patients. Adverse events that could be associated with clonazepam included the onset of somnolence, dizziness, and confusion, mostly mild.

Conclusion
The oral clonazepam regimen described in this study has been prospectively shown to be an effective, feasible anti-seizure prophylaxis option with manageable toxicity.
Adopting augmented reality into retailing mix strategy: Generation Z’s perspective in Egypt
Authors: Ibrahim Marwa Mahmoud , Nasr Rasha Ihab 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Augmented reality (AR) is a great opportunity for the retail industry because it provides companies with new ways to communicate with customers, promote their products, and achieve more sales. The purpose of this research is to gain a better understanding of the benefits of including AR as part of retailers’ mix on customers’ behavioural intentions, considering the mediation effect of customer experience and the moderation effect of technology readiness. This research has been conducted among Generation Z in Egypt. Consequently, a conceptual model proposing specific connections between the research's variables has been developed and tested. The empirical part of this research relied on a single cross-sectional data collection design, with a sample of 400 respondents using a structured questionnaire. Structural equation modelling analysis was the main statistical tool for testing the hypotheses. The research findings validate the research conceptual framework, emphasizing that the inclusion of AR in the retail mix plays a crucial role in influencing customer behavioural intention. The overall findings suggest that AR enhances interaction and exerts a significant impact on consumer responses by enriching the perceived informativeness as well as fostering perceived playfulness, guaranteeing engagement, enjoyment, and a sense of fun. Also, the findings show that individuals' readiness and comfort with technology play a significant role in shaping their behavioural intentions when interacting with AR applications. From an academic perspective, this research highlights significant issues and formulates vital conclusions that address the gaps in considering AR as part of the retail mix. Furthermore, from a practical perspective, it provides a significant clue for online retailers who are operating in the Egyptian market for the importance of using AR on customer experience and indicates Generation Z's readiness to use the technology.
The impact of mobile health interventions on service users' health outcomes and the role of health professions: a systematic review of systematic reviews
Authors: Alkhuzaimi Fathiya , Rainey Deborah , Brown Wilson Christine , Bloomfield Jacqueline 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) tools have gained prominence in global healthcare in recent years, with demonstrated impacts on managing service users' health. While many systematic reviews have assessed the effectiveness of mHealth on health outcomes, the role of health professions in promoting mHealth adoption and leading to improved outcomes is less clear. This systematic review of systematic reviews (SR of SRs) critically appraises and synthesises evidence to examine both the impact of mHealth interventions on service users' outcomes and the role of health professions in facilitating their adoption.

Methods
Five electronic databases—EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library—were searched for systematic reviews published between 1 January 2015 and 8 June 2024. Reviews focused on the impact of mHealth interventions on service users' outcomes and the role of health professions in promoting adoption were included. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted by four independent reviewers.

Results
Fourteen systematic reviews, covering 393 primary studies, were included. mHealth interventions showed positive impacts on clinical outcomes, such as reductions in blood pressure, HbA1c, and cholesterol. Behavioural improvements were also reported, including better medication adherence and physical activity. Psychological benefits, such as reduced anxiety and enhanced patient satisfaction, were noted. The involvement of health professions significantly enhanced mHealth outcomes. However, challenges such as sustainability, accessibility, and usability remain.

Discussion
This SR of SRs provides critical insights into the effectiveness of mHealth interventions on health outcomes and highlights the important role of health professions in promoting their adoption. While the findings are promising, concerns about training, sustainability, accessibility, and user acceptance need to be addressed to improve the broader adoption of mHealth interventions. Further research is recommended to address these challenges and enhance the long-term success of mHealth tools in healthcare.

Trial registration
PROSPERO CRD 42023414435. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-024-02624-y
‘It takes a village’: patient lived experiences of residential treatment for an eating disorder
Authors: Rankin Rebekah , Conti Janet , Ramjan Lucie , Hay Phillipa 
Published: February 2025

Background
Residential treatment facilities for eating disorders are becoming increasingly common and purport to provide recovery-orientated care in a less restrictive environment than traditional hospital settings. However, minimal attention has focused on individuals’ lived experiences of these residential services.

Aims
This study explores participants’ lived experiences of care at Australia’s first residential facility for the treatment of eating disorders.

Method
Qualitative data were collected as part of a clinical evaluation (June 2021 to August 2023). Fifteen women participated in semi-structured interviews about their experience of treatment following discharge. Data were analysed with inductive reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
Three main themes were generated from the data that included participants’ journeys to treatment, experiences of treatment and the transitions associated with and following discharge. Cutting across these main themes were participants’ encounters of barriers, setbacks and hope. Participant experiences of residential treatment were complex and multifaceted, marked by inherent ideological dilemmas that arose in balancing standardised treatment protocols with person-centred and recovery-oriented care. Participants also spoke of reclaiming a sense of self and identity beyond their eating disorder, emphasising the importance of relationships and consistent and collaborative care.

Conclusions
Participant accounts of residential treatment emphasised the importance of holistic, person-centred and recovery-oriented care. Despite the complexities of treatment experiences, participant narratives underscored how recovery may be more about the reclamation of a sense of identity outside of the eating disorder than merely symptom improvement. As such, adopting person-centred and recovery-oriented treatment approaches within residential treatment settings may maximise individual autonomy and promote holistic recovery pathways.
Associations between antidepressants and risk of suicidal behavior and violent crimes in personality disorder
Authors: Herttua Kimmo , Scola Giulio , Paljarvi Tapio , Fazel Seena 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Despite uncertain benefits, antidepressants are used in the management of personality disorders (PDs). We investigated the association between antidepressants and two adverse outcomes - suicidal behaviour and violent crimes - in individuals with PDs.

Methods
We used nationwide Danish healthcare registries to identify all individuals with a diagnosed PD aged 18–64 years from 2007 to 2016. Antidepressant use was identified using dispensed prescriptions. Individuals were followed up for healthcare presentations of suicidal behaviour and separately for police-recorded charges of violent crimes. We applied a within-individual design comparing rates of suicidal behaviour and violent crimes during time periods of antidepressant treatment with periods without treatment. Subgroup analyses were performed according to PD clusters, individual antidepressants, specific PDs, psychiatric comorbidities, and history of suicidal behaviour and violent crime.

Results
The cohort included 167,319 individuals with a diagnosed PD, 19,519 (12%) of whom were prescribed antidepressants and presented at least one outcome event during follow-up, making them eligible for within-individual analyses. Overall, we found an association with lower rates of suicidal behavior during periods of antidepressant treatment, compared with periods when individuals were not on antidepressants (incidence rate ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.84–0.89). However, this association was modified by specific PDs, individual antidepressants, comorbidities, and past history. For violent crimes, we did not observe consistent associations in any direction.

Conclusions
Antidepressants were associated with lower rates of suicidal behaviour, but less clearly in violent crimes. Types of PDs, individual antidepressants, and comorbidities modified these associations.
Classification and Diagnosis of Epilepsy
Authors: Katyal Roohi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
This article provides readers with a foundational understanding of epilepsy, including epilepsy classification, and presents a strategic approach to the diagnosis of seizures and epilepsy.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
Epilepsy classification systems have evolved over the years, with improved categorization of seizure types and adoption of more widely accepted and comprehensible terminologies. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Classification of the Epilepsies (2017) introduces a three-tiered framework. The levels focus on the determination of seizure type, epilepsy type, and identification of epilepsy syndrome, when applicable. The 2017 ILAE classification emphasizes the evaluation of the underlying etiology of epilepsy and the identification of associated comorbidities at all stages of classification. Epilepsy syndromes often have age-dependent symptoms.

ESSENTIAL POINTS
A systematic approach to the classification of seizures and epilepsy is essential for the selection of appropriate diagnostic tests and treatment strategies. An accurate classification not only facilitates clinical assessment but has important implications in the determination of prognosis.
Surgical Treatments, Devices, and Nonmedical Management of Epilepsy
Authors: Friedman Daniel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Many patients with epilepsy are unable to achieve optimal seizure control with medical therapy. This article focuses on surgical approaches, dietary therapies, and seizure detection devices.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
For more than a century, resective epilepsy surgery has been a treatment option for some patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Other surgical options have emerged for patients for whom resection is not possible or is associated with unacceptable risks, including minimally invasive epilepsy surgery and neurostimulation therapies. Dietary therapies, such as the ketogenic diet, can also help improve seizure control, especially in children. For patients with ongoing nocturnal convulsive seizures, seizure detection devices can alert caregivers and potentially reduce the risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).

ESSENTIAL POINTS
Patients with drug-resistant epilepsy should be referred to comprehensive epilepsy centers to determine if they qualify for nonpharmacologic treatment options to reduce the risk of seizures and premature death and improve quality of life.
Epilepsy Comorbidities
Authors: Keezer Mark R. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
This article reviews the comorbidities of epilepsy and identifies tools to incorporate comorbidity awareness into clinical practice.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
The comorbidities of epilepsy are broadly defined, including conditions that may cause but also be a consequence of epilepsy. These can be divided into somatic and psychiatric conditions. Many conditions occur twice as frequently in people with epilepsy compared with the general population. The comorbidities of epilepsy are a major determinant of quality of life and mortality in people with epilepsy. This article provides a concerted focus on the relationship between epilepsy and cognition, mental health disorders, and cardiovascular disease.

ESSENTIAL POINTS
There are practical means of adopting a comorbidity-aware approach to clinical care without overburdening already busy clinical practices. Screening instruments can be used to identify people with comorbid anxiety or depression. Fundamental safety precautions are relevant to all people with epilepsy. Appropriate consideration of the comorbidities of epilepsy, particularly when choosing an antiseizure medication, leads to improved patient care.
First Seizures, Acute Repetitive Seizures, and Status Epilepticus
Authors: Vossler David G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
This article provides current evidence on how and when to treat unprovoked first seizures in children and adults, guides intervention with appropriate doses and types of modern and effective therapies for acute repetitive (cluster) seizures, and reviews evidence for the diagnosis and management of established, refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
Artificial intelligence shows promise as a clinical assistant in decision making after a first seizure. For nonanoxic convulsive refractory status epilepticus third-phase treatment, equipoise exists regarding whether it is better to add a second IV nonsedating antiseizure medication given via loading dose (eg, brivaracetam, lacosamide, levetiracetam, fosphenytoin or valproic acid) or to start an anesthetizing continuous IV infusion antiseizure medication such as ketamine, midazolam, propofol or pentobarbital.

ESSENTIAL POINTS
After a first seizure, the risk of a second seizure is about 36% at 2 years and 46% after 5 years. The risk is doubled in the presence of EEG epileptiform discharges, a brain imaging abnormality, a nocturnal first seizure, or prior brain trauma. For acute repetitive seizures, providers should give a proper dose of benzodiazepines based on the patient’s weight and needs. First-phase treatment for convulsive established status epilepticus is the immediate administration of full doses of benzodiazepines. Second-phase treatment for convulsive established status epilepticus is a full loading dose of IV fosphenytoin, levetiracetam, valproic acid, or if necessary, phenobarbital.