bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UV spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of ketorolac tromethamine and olopatadine hydrochloride: Application of multiple standard addition for assay of ophthalmic solution
Authors: Hammad Sherin F. , Rady Mona M. , El-Malla Samah F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOphthalmic preparations that contain ketorolac tromethamine (KET) and olopatadine HCl (OLO) are used to relieve seasonal allergies and allergic conjunctivitis. Simultaneous quantification of KET and OLO was held by validated and simple spectrophotometric methods. KET was determined directly from the fundamental UV absorption spectra (at 323 nm), while OLO was determined after performing either dual wavelength or ratio derivative methods. The first method was based on measuring the absorbance difference (ΔA) between 243 and 291 nm, while the second depended on generating first derivative ratio spectra using 3.0 µg/mL KET as a divisor and measuring OLO responses at 234 nm (minima). Multiple standard addition method was applied to enable the determination of OLO which is considered as the weakly absorbing species as well as the minor component in a challenging dosage form ratio (4:1). The linearity ranges of the developed methods were 3–12 μg/mL and 4–40 μg/mL for KET and OLO, respectively. Simultaneous determination of both drugs was successfully implemented to lab prepared eye drops that contain KET, OLO and benzalkonium chloride as an inactive ingredient. Greenness assessment indicates minimal impact on environment. The developed methods determined the cited drugs with % recovery ± SD of 99.63 ± 0.01 for KET, 100.90 ± 0.02 and 100.31 ± 0.01 for OLO using dual wavelength and first derivative ratio methods, respectively. Using F-test and t-test at confidence level %95 to compare between the results of the presented methods and a reported method show no significant difference which allows precise, accurate, rapid, and simple quantification of quality control samples that contain KET and OLO.
Phage activity against Staphylococcus aureus is impaired in plasma and synovial fluid
Authors: Mutti Michele , Moreno David Sáez , Restrepo-Córdoba Marcela , Visram Zehra , Resch Grégory , Corsini Lorenzo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractS. aureus is a pathogen that frequently causes severe morbidity and phage therapy is being discussed as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of S. aureus infections. In this in vitro and animal study, we demonstrated that the activity of anti-staphylococcal phages is severely impaired in 0.5% plasma or synovial fluid. Despite phage replication in these matrices, lysis of the bacteria was slower than phage propagation, and no reduction of the bacterial population was observed. The inhibition of the phages associated with a reduction in phage adsorption, quantified to 99% at 10% plasma. S. aureus is known to bind multiple coagulation factors, resulting in the formation of aggregates and blood clots that might protect the bacterium from the phages. Here, we show that purified fibrinogen at a sub-physiological concentration of 0.4 mg/ml is sufficient to impair phage activity. In contrast, dissolution of the clots by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) partially restored phage activity. Consistent with these in vitro findings, phage treatment did not reduce bacterial burdens in a neutropenic mouse S. aureus thigh infection model. In summary, phage treatment of S. aureus infections inside the body may be fundamentally challenging, and more investigation is needed prior to proceeding to in-human trials.
Associations between tri-ponderal mass index, body mass index, and high blood pressure among children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kuciene Renata , Dulskiene Virginija 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh blood pressure (HBP) and obesity are major public health issues globally. The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) and body mass index (BMI) and HBP and to determine which anthropometric parameters may best predict HBP among Lithuanian children and adolescents aged 7–18 years. This cross-sectional study included 3710 Lithuanian children and adolescents aged 7–18 (52.7% boys and 47.3% girls). Each subject’s height, weight, and other anthropometric parameters, as well as blood pressure were measured according to standardized protocols; subsequently, TMI and BMI were calculated. The prevalence of HBP was 27% (the prevalence of elevated BP and hypertension was 13.7% and 13.3%, respectively), significantly higher for boys than for girls. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the BMI z-score and BP were higher than those between the TMI z-score and BP. In both sexes combined, the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for HBP were increased significantly with increasing quartiles of TMI and BMI as compared to the first quartile (Q1) (Q2: aOR = 1.37 and aOR = 1.69; Q3: aOR = 2.10 and aOR = 2.27; Q4: aOR = 3.95 and aOR = 4.91, respectively). Significant associations also were observed between overweight and obesity (defined according to two methods: age- and sex-specific TMI percentiles and IOTF criteria) among boys and girls separately. BMI presented a higher area under the curve value than TMI for predicting HBP in children and adolescents. The findings of the study suggest that BMI and TMI are significantly associated with HBP. However, BMI is a better predictor for HBP than TMI among Lithuanian children and adolescents aged 7–18 years.
Clarifying and extending our understanding of problematic pornography use through descriptions of the lived experience
Authors: Ince Campbell , Fontenelle Leonardo F. , Carter Adrian , Albertella Lucy , Tiego Jeggan , Chamberlain Samuel R. , Rotaru Kristian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProblematic pornography use (PPU) is a complex and growing area of research. However, knowledge of the PPU lived experience is limited. To address this gap, we conducted an online qualitative study with 67 individuals who self-identified as having problematic pornography use (76% male; Mage = 24.70 years, SD = 8.54). Results indicated several dimensions that have not been fully explored in the literature. These included various mental and physical complaints following periods of heavy pornography use, sexual functioning deficits with real partners, and a subjectively altered state of sexual arousal while using pornography. Moreover, we expanded on current knowledge regarding the inner conflict associated with PPU and clarified the ways that users can progress to increasingly intensified patterns of pornography use, such as tolerance/escalation and pornographic binges. Our study highlights the complex and nuanced nature of PPU and provides suggestions for future research and clinical practice.
Image based prognosis in head and neck cancer using convolutional neural networks: a case study in reproducibility and optimization
Authors: Mateus Pedro , Volmer Leroy , Wee Leonard , Aerts Hugo J. W. L. , Hoebers Frank , Dekker Andre , Bermejo Inigo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the past decade, there has been a sharp increase in publications describing applications of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in medical image analysis. However, recent reviews have warned of the lack of reproducibility of most such studies, which has impeded closer examination of the models and, in turn, their implementation in healthcare. On the other hand, the performance of these models is highly dependent on decisions on architecture and image pre-processing. In this work, we assess the reproducibility of three studies that use CNNs for head and neck cancer outcome prediction by attempting to reproduce the published results. In addition, we propose a new network structure and assess the impact of image pre-processing and model selection criteria on performance. We used two publicly available datasets: one with 298 patients for training and validation and another with 137 patients from a different institute for testing. All three studies failed to report elements required to reproduce their results thoroughly, mainly the image pre-processing steps and the random seed. Our model either outperforms or achieves similar performance to the existing models with considerably fewer parameters. We also observed that the pre-processing efforts significantly impact the model’s performance and that some model selection criteria may lead to suboptimal models. Although there have been improvements in the reproducibility of deep learning models, our work suggests that wider implementation of reporting standards is required to avoid a reproducibility crisis.
Interannual variation in the East Asian summer monsoon-tropical Atlantic SST relationship modulated by the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation
Authors: Wang Hao , Li Ziguang , Li Jianping , Lin Xiaopei , Zheng Xiao-Tong , Fan Lei , Zhang Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTropical Atlantic (TA) SST variability can impact the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). Here, we find that the interannual EASM–TA relationship exhibits an evident interdecadal variation modulated by the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). The EASM–TA interannual relationship is strong during the positive phase of the IPO (pIPO) but weak during the negative phase of the IPO (nIPO). The pIPO (nIPO)-related warm (cold) SST anomalies in the central tropical Pacific (CTP) intensify (weaken) the convection over the CTP. Therefore, a Matsuno–Gill response of the TA-induced CTP SST change is strong (weak) during the pIPO (nIPO) period. The strong Matsuno–Gill response excites an anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific (WNPAC), leading to a significantly positive EASM–TA relationship. However, the WNPAC is absent in the nIPO periods due to the weak Mastono–Gill response, suggesting an insignificant EASM–TA relationship. Understanding the IPO-modulated EASM–TA relationship helps better forecast EASM variability.
Genomic signatures of convergent shifts to plunge-diving behavior in birds
Authors: Eliason Chad M. , Mellenthin Lauren E. , Hains Taylor , McCullough Jenna M. , Pirro Stacy , Andersen Michael J. , Hackett Shannon J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the genetic basis of convergence at broad phylogenetic scales remains a key challenge in biology. Kingfishers (Aves: Alcedinidae) are a cosmopolitan avian radiation with diverse colors, diets, and feeding behaviors—including the archetypal plunge-dive into water. Given the sensory and locomotor challenges associated with air-water transitions, kingfishers offer a powerful opportunity to explore the effects of convergent behaviors on the evolution of genomes and phenotypes, as well as direct comparisons between continental and island lineages. Here, we use whole-genome sequencing of 30 diverse kingfisher species to identify the genomic signatures associated with convergent feeding behaviors. We show that species with smaller ranges (i.e., on islands) have experienced stronger demographic fluctuations than those on continents, and that these differences have influenced the dynamics of molecular evolution. Comparative genomic analyses reveal positive selection and genomic convergence in brain and dietary genes in plunge-divers. These findings enhance our understanding of the connections between genotype and phenotype in a diverse avian radiation.
Direct numerical evidence of the Phillips initial stage and its antecedent during wind-wave generation
Authors: Li Tianyi , Shen Lian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHow wind generates ocean surface waves is a classic fluid mechanics problem, and it is commonly believed that the resonance mechanism between wind and surface waves, first proposed by Phillips in 1957, is responsible for the early stages of wind-wave generation. However, there has not been any conclusive study to fully validate this theory. We present the results of a combined theoretical and computational study of the initial response of a calm water surface to turbulent wind and an analysis in terms of the Phillips theory on wind-wave generation. We address a nascent stage of wind-wave generation after the sudden impact of a turbulent wind on a calm water surface but before the initial stage described by Phillips. We show that in such nascent stage, the wave energy grows over time following a quartic law. We provide direct numerical evidence of the resonance mechanism during the initial stage and clarify its role in the formation of the heterogeneous wave energy distribution in the spectral space.
Commitment to honesty oaths decreases dishonesty, but commitment to another individual does not affect dishonesty
Authors: Zickfeld Janis H. , Ścigała Karolina Aleksandra , Weiss Alexa , Michael John , Mitkidis Panagiotis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSocial commitment influences our behavior in various ways. Recent studies suggest that social commitment to other individuals or groups can increase dishonest behavior while feeling commitment to moral norms might decrease it. Here we show in a pre-registered series of 7 studies investigating the influence of social commitment on dishonest behavior by sampling 7566 participants across three countries (the UK, the US, and Mexico) that commitment to moral norms via honesty oaths might decrease dishonesty (OR = 0.79 [0.72, 0.88]). To the contrary, we found no credible evidence that social commitment to other individuals increases dishonesty (OR = 1.08 [0.97, 1.20]). Finally, we observed that commitment to moral norms was less effective if participants were committed to another individual at the same time (OR = 0.95 [0.86, 1.06]). Our findings point at the potential effectiveness of honesty oaths, while the observed effect sizes were small compared to previous studies.
Convective characteristics of Fe I lines across the solar disc
Authors: Ellwarth M. , Ehmann B. , Schäfer S. , Reiners A. 
Published: October 2023

Context. Solar convection is visible as a net blueshift of absorption lines, which becomes apparent when observing quiet Sun granulation. This blueshift exhibits variations from the disc centre to the solar limb due to differing projection angles onto the solar atmosphere.
Aims. Our goal is to investigate convective Doppler velocities based on observations from the disc centre to the solar limb. Consequently, we aim to improve our understanding of atmospheric hydrodynamics and contribute to the improvement of solar and stellar atmospheric models.
Methods. We used resolved quiet-Sun spectra to investigate the convective velocity shifts of more than 1000 Fe I lines across multiple centre-to-limb positions on the solar disc. We determined the Doppler velocities with respect to the line depth. Additionally, we calculated the formation temperature and investigated its correlation with Doppler velocities.
Results. The general behaviour of convective line shifts shows a decreasing blueshift as the lines become deeper for all observing positions from the centre to limb. For spectra obtained at the solar limb, even deeper lines exhibit redshifts. We observe a velocity trend for the different observation angles, with a less pronounced convective blueshift towards the solar limb. Convective velocities show a wavelength dependence for each observing angle when analysing on the basis of line depths. We observe a decreasing convective blueshift as the formation temperatures of the lines decrease. The velocity change over temperature ranges proceeds slower towards the solar limb. When investigating Doppler velocities with respect to formation temperature, the disc centre does not exhibit the strongest blueshift.
Komplikationsmanagement im Rahmen von Zementaugmentation an der Wirbelsäule
Authors: Schömig Friederike , Müllner Maximilian , Pumberger Matthias 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Herausforderungen durch Osteoporose-assoziierte spinale Pathologien nehmen insbesondere aufgrund der steigenden Zahl betroffener Patient:innen zu. Der Einsatz von Knochenzement ist inzwischen essenzieller Bestandteil in der Versorgung dieses herausfordernden Patientenkollektivs und wird in der Behandlung sowohl von pathologischen sowie traumatischen Frakturen als auch vereinzelt bei degenerativen Erkrankungen eingesetzt. Nichtsdestotrotz ist er bis heute mit einem hohen Komplikationsrisiko assoziiert: neben den häufig asymptomatischen, jedoch teilweise auch lebensbedrohlichen Zementleckagen führt die Zementaugmentation zu biomechanischen Veränderungen der Wirbelsäule, welche den behandelnden Operateur:innen in der präoperativen Planung und intraoperativen Umsetzung zwingend bewusst sein müssen. Gleichzeitig ist die Anwendung spezifischer Strategien zur Vermeidung dieser Komplikationen essenziell.
Limitierte Zementierung bei langstreckiger dorsaler Versorgung
Authors: Spiegl Ulrich Josef Albert 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Zementaugmentation von Pedikelschrauben kann den Schraubenhalt im osteoporotischen
Knochen relevant und signifikant verbessern. Die Zementaugmentation ist jedoch mit
Zementaustritten und relevanten Komplikationen verbunden. Ziel muss es daher sein, die
Zementaugmentation so effizient wie möglich einzusetzen. So ist es bei einer langstreckigen
dorsalen Versorgung ausreichend, nur die biomechanisch am stärksten belasteten kranialen und
kaudalen Pedikelschraubenpaare zu augmentieren. Dies geht in biomechanischen Tests ohne
Stabilitätsverlust einher. Zudem konnte bisher keine höhere klinische Misserfolgsrate im
Vergleich zur Versorgung mit Zementaugmentation aller Pedikelschrauben nachgewiesen werden.
Die limitierte Zementaugmentation bietet somit eine gute Versorgungsalternative mit Reduktion
der Zementmenge und damit geringerem Komplikationsrisiko bei gleicher Stabilität. Ziel dieses
Übersichtsartikels ist es, die Hintergründe der limitierten Zementierung aufzuzeigen und zu
beschreiben.
Prophylaktische Zementaugmentation zur Frakturprophylaxe und Vermeidung von Anschlusskyphosen – Sinn oder Unsinn?
Authors: Scheyerer Max J. , Jacobs Cornelius 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungOsteoporotische Wirbelkörperfrakturen werden trotz ihrer Häufigkeit meist unterschätzt mit teils gravierenden Folgen für den Patienten. Im Sinne der Aufrechterhaltung der Lebensqualität, Mobilität und zur Vermeidung eines komplikationsträchtigen Verlaufes ist eine suffiziente Behandlung essenziell. Fester Bestandteil ist dabei heutzutage die Zementaugmentierung des betroffenen Wirbelkörpers. Allerdings zeigt sich unabhängig von der Behandlungsmodalität ein drei- bis fünffach erhöhtes Risiko für Anschlussfrakturen mit konsekutiver Kyphosierung im Segment. Ursächlich hierfür sind behandlungsbedingte Veränderungen der Biomechanik, welche mit einer Mehrbelastung der angrenzenden Grund- und Deckplatten einhergehen. Zur Reduktion der Frakturrate ist der Nutzen einer prophylaktischen Augmentierung der angrenzenden Wirbelkörper weiterhin Gegenstand der Diskussion.
Inchaço crescente indolor na palma da mão de um menino de 4 anos: Tumor maligno da bainha do nervo periférico
Authors: Öztürk Recep , Kösemehmetoğlu Kemal , Yükrük Fisun Ardıç , Güngör Bedii Şafak 
Published: October 2023

ResumoNeste estudo, apresentamos um paciente do sexo masculino de 4 anos com uma massa indolor de crescimento lento na palma da mão esquerda há 2 anos. Embora os tumores musculoesqueléticos sejam raros, os tumores localizados nas mãos são ainda mais raros em pacientes pediátricos. O fato de pouquíssimos (menos de um em cada dez) tumores serem malignos e existirem dezenas de subtipos, cada um com tratamento diferente, mostra a importância do manejo dessas lesões. O diagnóstico e manejo apropriados de massas de tecidos moles, especialmente tumores malignos insidiosos, são vitais. Devido à raridade dos tumores de tecidos moles, as diretrizes adequadas para seu manejo são limitadas. O objetivo deste relato é apresentar um exemplo de abordagem de um dos tumores de partes moles.
Outcomes of decompressive craniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery stroke in an academic hospital in Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues de Oliveira Luiz Fernando , Camilo Millene Rodrigues , Franciscatto Luisa , Podolsky-Gondim Guilherme Gozzoli , Alves Frederico Fernandes Alessio , Filho Rui Kleber do Vale Martins , Dias Francisco Antunes , Tanaka Koji , Colli Benedicto Oscar , Pontes-Neto Octávio Marques 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Ischemic stroke is an important cause of death in the world. The malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) has mortality as high as 80% when clinically treated. In this setting, decompressive craniectomy is a life-saving measure, in spite of high morbidity among survivors.
Objective To evaluate the outcomes of patients with MMCAI treated with decompressive craniectomy in a Brazilian academic tertiary stroke center.
Methods A prospective stroke database was retrospectively evaluated, and all patients treated with decompressive craniectomy for MMCAI between January 2014 and December 2017 were included. The demographics and clinical characteristics were evaluated. The functional outcome, measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), was assessed at hospital discharge, after 3-months and 1-year of follow-up.
Results We included 53 patients on the final analysis. The mean age was 54.6 ± 11.6 years and 64.2% were males. The median time from symptoms to admission was 4.8 (3–9.7) hours and the mean time from symptoms to surgery was 36 ± 17 hours. The left hemisphere was the affected in 39.6%. The median NIHSS at admission was 20 (16–24). The in-hospital mortality was 30.2%. After a median of 337 [157–393] days, 47.1% of patients had achieved favorable outcome (mRS ≤ 4) and 39.6% had died.
Conclusion Decompressive craniectomy is a life-saving measure in the setting of MMCAI, and its effects remains important in the scenario of a middle-income country in real-world situations.
Brazilian version of the CHOP INTEND scale: cross-cultural adaptation and validation
Authors: Alves Renalli Manuella Rodrigues , Calado Alessandra Paula de Melo , Van Der Linden Vanessa , Bello Maria Aparecida Ferreira Chaves , Andrade Lívia Barboza de 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare genetic disease that causes progressive muscle weakness and impacts motor function. The type I is the most severe presentation and affects infants before 6 months old. In addition, the instruments available for assessing motor function have limitations when applied to infants with neuromuscular diseases and significant muscle weakness.
Objective To translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP INTEND) to Brazilian Portuguese.
Methods The present study comprised the translation, synthesis of translations, backtranslation, consolidation by a committee of experts, and test of the final version of the CHOP INTEND in 13 patients with SMA type I. We also assessed the content validity and reliability of the translated version.
Results The scale was translated considering semantic, structural, idiomatic, and cultural aspects. All agreement rates were > 0.8, the overall content validity index of the instrument was 0.98, and inter-rater reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.998.
Conclusion The Brazilian version of the CHOP INTEND met semantic and technical equivalence criteria with the original version and was valid and reliable for patients with SMA type I.