bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional implications of a novel EA2 mutation in the P/Q‐type calcium channel
Authors: Spacey Sian D. , Hildebrand Michael E. , Materek Luke A. , Bird Thomas D. , Snutch Terrance P. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractEpisodic ataxia type 2 (EA2) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by paroxysmal attacks of ataxia, vertigo, and nausea, typically lasting minutes to days in duration. These symptoms can be prevented or significantly attenuated by the oral administration of acetazolamide; however, the mechanism by which acetazolamide ameliorates EA2 symptoms is unknown. EA2 typically results from nonsense mutations in the CACNA1A gene that encodes the α1A (Cav2.1) subunit of the P/Q‐type calcium (Ca2+) channel. We have identified a novel H1736L missense mutation in the CACNA1A gene associated with the EA2 phenotype. This mutation is localized near the pore‐forming region of the P/Q‐type Ca2+ channel. Functional analysis of P/Q‐type channels containing the mutation show that the H1736L alteration affects several channel properties, including reduced current density, increased rate of inactivation, and a shift in the voltage dependence of activation to more positive values. Although these findings are consistent with an overall loss of P/Q‐type channel function, the mutation also caused some biophysical changes consistent with a gain of function. We also tested the direct effect of acetazolamide on both wild‐type and H1736L mutated P/Q‐type channels and did not observe any direct action on channel properties of this pharmacological agent used to treat EA2 patients. Ann Neurol 2004
Bilateral globus pallidus stimulation for Huntington's disease
Authors: Moro Elena , Lang Anthony E. , Strafella Antonio P. , Poon Yu‐Yan W. , Arango Pablo M. , Dagher Alain , Hutchison William D. , Lozano Andres M. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractBilateral globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) was performed in a patient with Huntington's disease (HD) with severe chorea. Stimulation at 40 and 130Hz improved chorea. Stimulation at 130Hz slightly worsened bradykinesia overall, whereas 40Hz had little effect. A [15O] H2O positron emission tomography showed increased regional cerebral blood flow in motor decision making and execution areas more evident at 40Hz. Adjustment of stimulation parameters in GPi DBS may have the potential to optimize the motor response in HD, improving chorea without aggravating bradykinesia. Ann Neurol 2004
Breast surgery in the ‘Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination’ (ATAC) trial
Authors: Locker Gershon Y. , Sainsbury J. Richard , Cuzick Jack 
Published: July 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDVarious factors affect patients' decisions regarding whether to undergo surgery for the treatment of early‐stage breast carcinoma. The ‘Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination’ (ATAC) trial, the largest multinational randomized trial of adjuvant therapy for patients with operable breast carcinoma to date, offers the opportunity to investigate whether nationality is one such factor.METHODSAfter receiving primary therapy for early‐stage breast carcinoma, 9366 women (from a total of 21 countries) were randomized to receive anastrozole, tamoxifen, or anastrozole plus tamoxifen for 5 years. In the current study, mastectomy and breast conservation rates were compared among participating countries. The possibility that variations from country to country could be explained by inequalities in terms of pathologic, clinical, and hospital‐related correlates of surgical choice was explored first on univariate analysis and then on multivariate logistic analysis.RESULTSNational mastectomy rates ranged from 20% to 97%; 51% of the 2222 enrollees from the United States had undergone mastectomy, compared with 42% of the 3228 enrollees from the United Kingdom (odds ratio [OR], 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28–1.60;P< 0.001). On univariate analysis, larger tumor size, positive lymph node status, higher tumor grade, older age, and adjuvant chemotherapy use were found to be correlated with mastectomy use. In contrast, positive hormone receptor status, increased body weight, and enrollment at a center that had more than 40 enrollees were found to be associated with breast conservation. The same correlates were identified on multivariate logistic analysis (P< 0.05), except that the number of enrollees at a patient's treatment center no longer possessed predictive value. After correction for these correlated factors, residence in the United States (compared with residence in the United Kingdom) remained an independent predictor of mastectomy use (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.26–1.64;P< 0.001).CONCLUSIONSAmerican women enrolled in the ATAC trial were more likely to undergo aggressive surgery compared with their counterparts from the United Kingdom. More generally, nationality was found to be an independent determinant of surgical choice in the current study. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Increasing evidence for a human breast carcinoma virus with geographic differences
Authors: Levine Paul H. , Pogo Beatriz G.‐T. , Klouj Afifa , Coronel Stephanie , Woodson Karen , Melana Stella M. , Mourali Nejib , Holland James F. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn early immunologic study suggesting that a virus similar to the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) was associated highly with breast carcinoma in Tunisian patients, compared with patients in the United States, led the authors to examine different breast carcinoma populations by using more current molecular techniques.METHODSThirty‐nine paraffin blocks were selected for sequencing of the 250‐base pair segment of the MMTV from patients with breast carcinoma who were seen and treated at the Institut Salah Azaiz in Tunisia. Fifteen of those blocks were examined under code by a second laboratory, which used a different methodology and was blinded to the results of the first laboratory, and 14 blocks were analyzed successfully.RESULTSThe comparison of Tunisian patients and patients from other countries clearly showed a significantly higher proportion of tumors with MMTV‐like sequences in the Tunisian series of patients. There was complete reproducibility of data between the two laboratories. Using the results from the first laboratory and similar studies from the literature, detection of the MMTV‐like env gene sequence showed an important geographic pattern with a significantly higher percentage of positive patients with breast carcinoma in Tunisia (74%) compared with patients with breast carcinoma in the United States (36%), Italy (38%), Australia (42%), Argentina (31%), and Vietnam (0.8%)CONCLUSIONSThe findings provided increased evidence for a human breast carcinoma virus with geographic differences in prevalence. The geographic differences were compatible with studies of MMTV in wild mice; thus, the data were plausible biologically. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Internal tandem duplication of fms‐like tyrosine kinase 3 is associated with poor outcome in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Shih Lee‐Yung , Lin Tung‐Liang , Wang Po‐Nan , Wu Jin‐Hou , Dunn Po , Kuo Ming‐Chung , Huang Chein‐Fuang 
Published: July 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe prognostic significance of internal tandem duplication (ITD) of the fms‐like tyrosine kinase 3 gene (FLT3) for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is not clearly defined. In the current study, the authors sought to assess the value of FLT3/ITD mutation status as a prognostic genetic marker for patients with MDS.METHODSFLT3/ITD mutation status was evaluated by performing DNA polymerase chain reaction assays on 198 bone marrow samples obtained from patients with MDS at initial diagnosis. All aberrant products were sequenced, and GeneScan analysis was performed to measure FLT3/ITD mutant levels.RESULTSFive patients (2.5%)—2 of the 99 patients who had refractory anemia with excess blasts and 3 of the 51 patients who had chronic myelomonocytic leukemia—had FLT3/ITD mutations. FLT3/ITD was not observed in any of the 48 patients who had refractory anemia (with or without ringed sideroblasts). There was no significant difference in clinicohematologic characteristics, cytogenetic characteristics, or International Prognostic Scoring System score between the FLT3/ITD‐positive group and the FLT3/ITD‐negative group. Four of the 5 patients carrying the FLT3/ITD mutation experienced progression of disease to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), compared with 70 of the 193 patients who did not have FLT3/ITD (P = 0.066). In addition, progression to AML was more rapid in patients with FLT3/ITD‐positive disease than in patients with FLT3/ITD‐negative disease (mean ± standard error, 3.0 ± 0.5 months vs. 62.8 ± 5.6 months; P < 0.0001). Patients with FLT3/ITD‐positive disease also had significantly shorter survival compared with patients who had FLT3/ITD‐negative disease (mean ± standard error, 5.2 ± 1.4 months vs. 33.7 ± 3.1 months; P < 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, FLT3/ITD was identified as an independent predictor of reduced time to development of AML (P = 0.0001) and reduced overall survival (P = 0.002).CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study demonstrate that FLT3/ITD is associated with a high risk of transformation to AML, rapid progression of AML, and poor survival in patients with MDS. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
The J2EE ECperf benchmark results: transient trophies or technology treasures?
Authors: Brebner Paul , Gosper Jeffrey 
Published: July 2004

AbstractECperf, the widely recognized industry standard J2EE benchmark, has attracted a large number of results submissions and their subsequent publications. However, ECperf places little restriction on the hardware platforms, operating systems and databases utilized in the benchmarking process. This, combined with the existence of only two primary metrics, makes it difficult to accurately compare the performance of the Application Server products themselves. By mining the full‐disclosure archives for trends and correlations, we have discovered that J2EE technology is very scalable both in a scale‐up and scale‐out manner. Other observed trends include a linear correlation between middle‐tier total processing power and throughput, as well as between J2EE Application Server license costs and throughput. However, the results clearly indicate that there is an increasing cost per user with increasing capacity systems and scale‐up is proportionately more expensive than scale‐out. Finally, the correlation between middle‐tier processing power and throughput, combined with results obtained from a different ‘lighter‐weight’ benchmark, facilitates an estimate of throughput for different types of J2EE applications. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monocarbaborane Chemistry: Cage Opening of nido‐1‐CB8H12 by Tertiary Bases − an Example of a Straightforward nido → arachno Transformation; Isolation of a New Series of 4‐L‐arachno‐5‐CB8H12 Compounds (L = NMe3, NEt3, and Quinoline)
Authors: Štíbr Bohumil , Holub Josef , Bakardjiev Mario , Milius Wolfgang , Wrackmeyer Bernd 
Published: July 2004

AbstractRoom‐temperature reactions between the carborane nido‐1‐CB8H12 (1) and selected tertiary Lewis bases [L = NMe3, NEt3, and quinoline (quin)] in CH2Cl2 at room temperature for 24 h resulted in the isolation of a series of 4‐L‐arachno‐5‐CB8H12 compounds (2; L = NMe3, 2a, L = NEt3, 2b and L = quin, 2c). This main reaction mode can be classified as a straightforward nido → arachno transformation and was characterized by a cage opening of the original pentagonal face in 1 by L at the bridging site adjacent to the carbon apex with the formation of a hexagonal open face. The formation of 2a was clean, whereas that of 2c was accompanied by formation of the closo‐[4‐CB8H9]− (3) anion as a side‐product. The first representative of the zwitterionic 1‐L‐closo‐4‐CB8H8 (4) series, 1‐quin‐closo‐4‐CB8H8 (4c), was isolated as another side product from the quinoline reaction. The structure of compound 2b was determined by an X‐ray diffraction analysis and the constitution of all compounds is consistent with the results of mass spectrometry. Multinuclear (1H, 11B, and 13C), two‐dimensional [11B‐11B]‐COSY, and 1H{11B(selective)} magnetic resonance measurements lead to complete assignments of all resonances and are in excellent agreement with the structures proposed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Rational Design of Metal‐Organic Frameworks Based on 5‐(4‐Pyridyl)tetrazolate: From 2D Grids to 3D Porous Networks
Authors: Jiang Chao , Yu Zhaopeng , Wang Sujing , Jiao Chao , Li Jiaming , Wang Zhiyong , Cui Yong 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe hydrothermal reactions of Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O/Cu(NO3)2·6H2O with 5‐(4‐pyridyl)tetrazole in an ethanol/water or ethanol/water/pyridine medium yield one 2D and one 3D metal‐organic coordination framework [Zn2(OH)(4‐ptz)3] (1) and [Cu(4‐ptz)·0.5(py)] (3) [4‐ptz = 5‐(4‐pyridyl)tetrazolate, py = pyridine], respectively. Complex 1 possesses two identical and independent rectangular grid sheets with twofold parallel interpenetration, in which the four‐connected nodes of the net are provided by Zn2(OH) units connected to one another through 4‐ptz and (4‐ptz)2 bridges. These composite sheets are stacked one on top of another by hydrogen‐bonding interactions to afford a 3D structure. There are many structural similarities between complex 1 and the recently reported 2D layered network [Zn(OH)(4‐ptz)(H2O)] (2), in particular the components of the network, the coordination mode of the 4‐ptz ligand and the in situ formation of hydroxy groups. Complex 2 can be synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O and 5‐(4‐pyridyl)tetrazole in an ethanol/water/pyridine medium. The structural characterization of complex 3 shows a porous structure that contains the guest pyridine molecules. Additionally, compounds 1 and 2 exhibit strong fluorescence at room temperature in the solid state. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of (η6‐p‐Cymene)(phosphane)ruthenium(II) Complexes Supported on Poly(biphenoxyphosphazene) or Chiral Poly(binaphthoxyphosphazene) Copolymers
Authors: Carriedo Gabino A. , Crochet Pascale , Alonso Francisco J. García , Gimeno José , Presa‐Soto Alejandro 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe polyphosphazene random copolymer containing diphenylphosphane ligands {[NP(OC6H4PPh2)2]0.4[NP(O2C12H8)]0.6}n (1a) (O2C12H8 = 2,2′‐dioxy‐1,1′‐biphenyl), and the chiral binaphthoxy analogues {[NP(OC6H4PPh2)2]0.1[NP(O2C20H12)]0.9}n [O2C20H12 = (R)‐2,2′‐dioxy‐1,1′‐binaphthyl] (1b) and {[NP(OC6H4PPh2)2]0.2[NP(O2C20H10Br2)]0.8}n [O2C20H10Br2 = (R)‐2,2′‐dioxy‐6,6′‐dibromo‐1,1′‐binaphthyl] (1c), reacted in dichloromethane at room temperature with appropriate amounts of the dimeric complex [Ru(η6‐p‐cymene)Cl(μ‐Cl)]2 to give the corresponding polymeric (phosphane)RuII complexes {[NP(OC6H4PPh2[RuCl2(η6‐p‐cymene)]x)2]0.4[NP(O2C12H8)]0.6}n [x = 0.5 (2a), 1 (2b)], {[NP(OC6H4PPh2[RuCl2(η6‐p‐cymene)])2]0.1[NP(O2C20H12)]0.9}n (3) and {[NP(OC6H4PPh2[RuCl2(η6‐p‐cymene)])2]0.2[NP(O2C20H10Br2)]0.8}n (4). The isolated products are soluble reddish solids, and are thermally very stable with very high glass transition temperatures. The reaction of 1b or 1c with the cationic precursor [RuCl(PPh3)2(η6‐p‐cymene)][PF6] in refluxing THF gave the crosslinked insoluble cationic polymeric complexes {[NP(OC6H4PPh2)2]0.1[NP(O2C20H12)]0.9[RuCl(η6‐p‐cymene)(PF6)]0.05}n (5) and {[NP(OC6H4PPh2)2]0.2[NP(O2C20H10Br2)]0.8[RuCl(η6‐p‐cymene)(PF6)]0.08}n (6). All the complexes were active catalysts in transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone by propan‐2‐ol, but the C2‐pockets containing the catalytic centers gave no enantioselectivity because of the conformational behavior of the chiral derivatives. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Formation of Novel 1‐D Chains by μ‐Amido Bridging of Dinuclear Manganese(III)‐Schiff Base Complexes
Authors: Bermejo Manuel R. , González‐Noya Ana M. , Abad Víctor , Fernández M. Isabel , Maneiro Marcelino , Pedrido Rosa , Vázquez Miguel 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThree novel neutral manganese(III) complexes of stoichiometry Mn(R‐amsal‐3,5‐di‐tBu)(H2O)n [H3‐R‐amsal‐3,5‐di‐tBu = 3‐aza‐4‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)‐N‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)but‐3‐enamide; (R = H, 4‐Me, 5‐tBu)] have been synthesised using potentially trianionic and pentadentate Schiff‐base ligands containing an amide group. Complexes were thoroughly characterised by elemental analysis, FAB mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurements and molar conductivities. Recrystallisation of these complexes from methanol yielded single crystals of [Mn2(amsal‐3,5‐di‐tBu)2(MeOH)2]n 1, [Mn2(4‐Me‐amsal‐3,5‐di‐tBu)2(MeOH)2]n 2 and [Mn2(5‐tBu‐amsal‐3,5‐di‐tBu)2(MeOH)2]n 3 with methanol as solvate. Their X‐ray characterisation shows that these complexes consist of infinite one‐dimensional chains with a repeating cyclic dimeric unit, where the amide oxygen atom is bridging two neighbouring manganese(III) ions. Paramagnetic 1H NMR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of MnIII in these complexes, while the cyclic voltammetry studies suggest the possibility of obtaining polynuclear MnIV complexes with this kind of ligand. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Metalation of 2‐Propenylphenol
Authors: Wippert Rodrigues Cristina , Limberg Christian , Pritzkow Hans 
Published: July 2004

AbstractIn order to generate 2‐propenylphenolate, PO−, as a potential ligand for oxomolybdenum compounds, the lithiation of the parent phenol derivative, POH, was investigated. Treatment of POH with BuLi in THF yielded a tetramer of the corresponding alkoxide “POLi” with a heterocubane structure in which the coordination spheres of the Li centres are completed by THF molecules, i.e. {Li(THF)[μ3‐OC6H4(CH=CH−CH3)‐2]}4 (1). Compound 1 proved to be rather unreactive and unsuitable as a starting material for the introduction of the corresponding aryloxide ligands into the coordination sphere of molybdenum by salt metathesis. The latter did occur, however, when “POLi” was synthesised in the presence of 12‐crown‐4 and subsequently treated with molybdenyl chloride. This led to an unidentified aryloxide compound as well as to a hitherto unknown chlorooxomolybdate anion in the complexes [Li(12‐crown‐4)][MoO2Cl3(THF)] (2) and [{Li(12‐crown‐4)}2Cl][MoO2Cl3(THF)] (2′) with an octahedral coordination sphere at the molybdenum centre in each case. An Mo(PO) complex was finally isolated for the first time when MoO2(OtBu)2 was employed as a starting material and treated with “POLi” prepared in situ in the presence of the crown ether. This led to the isolation of [Li(12‐crown‐4)2][MoO2(PO)3] (3), which represents a rare example of a five‐coordinate dioxomolybdenum(VI) complex as well as being the first example among these complexes with a square‐pyramidal ligand arrangement. Comparison of 2 with 3 suggests that the low coordination number of the 14‐electron compound 3 originates from the bulkiness of the PO− ligands. The crystal structures of all three compounds 1−3 are discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Plasma‐Enhanced CVD Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Ta2N3
Authors: Ganin Alexei Yu. , Kienle Lorenz , Vajenine Grigori V. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractMicrocrystalline tantalum nitride films were prepared on various substrates from TaCl5 precursor and nitrogen gas using the plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method. Syntheses carried out at 600−650 °C led to single‐phase samples of the tantalum nitride Ta2N3 with a defect fluorite‐type structure. The anion vacancies were found to order resulting in a 2 × 2 × 2 cubic superstructure of the C‐Ln2O3 type (space group Ia$\bar 3$
, Z = 16) with a = 9.8205(4) Å according to a Rietveld refinement of the X‐ray powder diffraction data. At higher deposition temperatures (650−700 °C) formation of highly textured orthorhombic Ta3N5 was observed. The samples were additionally studied by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected‐area electron diffraction (SAED). The details of the new crystal structure for Ta2N3 as well as a possible nitrogen nonstoichiometry are discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Synthesis of Serine‐Linked Phosphatidylinositol Mannosides (PIMs)
Authors: Stadelmaier Andreas , Biskup Moritz B. , Schmidt Richard R. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe 6‐O‐allyl group of inositol mannoside (D)‐6 was used for the generation of O‐linked serine residues via a sequence of dihydroxylation, selective 3′′‐O‐protection, introduction of the 2′′‐amino group, deprotection, and oxidation of the 3′′‐position. Attachment of the phosphatidyl residue to 1‐O of the inositol moiety and complete deprotection furnished target molecules (D)‐1 and (D)‐2. Alternatively, instead of introduction of a 6‐O‐allyl group, 2′′,3′′‐dihydroxy propanylation of the 6‐O‐position of the inositol moiety using a silyl‐protected cyclic sulfate of glycerol was possible. Thus, target molecule (L)‐3 was obtained. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
A Convenient Synthesis of (−)‐Paroxetine
Authors: Czibula László , Nemes András , Sebök Ferenc , Szántay Csaba , Mák Marianna 
Published: July 2004

AbstractA convenient synthesis of the antidepressant paroxetine starting from 1‐benzyl‐4‐piperidone (2) is reported. A stereoselective reduction resulted in cis‐piperidine‐3‐methanol [(+)‐6]. The reaction between cis‐piperidine‐3‐methanol mesylate (7) and sesamol led to benzyl‐protected trans‐paroxetine (9) through an inversion reaction of the stereogenic center at position 3. The latter compound was deprotected by hydrogenolysis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Octadentate Ligands Containing 2,3‐Dihydroxybenzamide and 2,3‐Dihydroxyterephthalamide Coordinating Subunits on a Tetrapodal Amine Backbone for Chelation of Actinides
Authors: Xu Jide , Gorden Anne E. V. , Raymond Kenneth N. 
Published: July 2004

AbstractThe linear octadentate ligand 3,4,3‐LICAM(C) (2) is one of the most effective chelating agents for PuIV that is not acutely toxic; however, at physiological pH, due to the weak acidity of the catechol hydroxy groups and the large proton dependence of the complexation reaction, only three of the four catecholate subunits are coordinated to PuIV. To overcome this disadvantage, a new topological class of octadentate ligands based on tetrapodal amine backbones and 2,3‐dihydroxyterephthalamide (3) (TAM) binding units were designed and synthesized. The amide substituents provide a handle by which the functionality of the ligand can be readily modified, and this synthetic strategy and procedure can be extended to prepare a variety of new multidentate metal‐coordination and extraction agents. A streamlined synthesis for the terephthalamides, both symmetric and asymmetric, was recently reported. In this work, the synthetic details of their incorporation into octadentate systems for use as coordination or extraction agents for PuIV or other metals in the +4 oxidation state are described. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)