bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Hypervariable Tpr Multigene Family of Theileria Parasites, Defined by a Conserved, Membrane-Associated, C-Terminal Domain, Includes Several Copies with Defined Orthology Between Species
Authors: Palmateer Nicholas C. , Munro James B. , Nagaraj Sushma , Crabtree Jonathan , Pelle Roger , Tallon Luke , Nene Vish , Bishop Richard , Silva Joana C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultigene families often play an important role in host-parasite interactions. One of the largest multigene families in Theileria parva, the causative agent of East Coast fever, is the T. parva repeat (Tpr) gene family. The function of the putative Tpr proteins remains unknown. The initial publication of the T. parva reference genome identified 39 Tpr family open reading frames (ORFs) sharing a conserved C-terminal domain. Twenty-eight of these are clustered in a central region of chromosome 3, termed the “Tpr locus”, while others are dispersed throughout all four nuclear chromosomes. The Tpr locus contains three of the four assembly gaps remaining in the genome, suggesting the presence of additional, as yet uncharacterized, Tpr gene copies. Here, we describe the use of long-read sequencing to attempt to close the gaps in the reference assembly of T. parva (located among multigene families clusters), characterize the full complement of Tpr family ORFs in the T. parva reference genome, and evaluate their evolutionary relationship with Tpr homologs in other Theileria species. We identify three new Tpr family genes in the T. parva reference genome and show that sequence similarity among paralogs in the Tpr locus is significantly higher than between genes outside the Tpr locus. We also identify sequences homologous to the conserved C-terminal domain in five additional Theileria species. Using these sequences, we show that the evolution of this gene family involves conservation of a few orthologs across species, combined with gene gains/losses, and species-specific expansions.
Boundedness Through Nonlocal Dampening Effects in a Fully Parabolic Chemotaxis Model with Sub and Superquadratic Growth
Authors: Chiyo Yutaro , Düzgün Fatma Gamze , Frassu Silvia , Viglialoro Giuseppe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work deals with a chemotaxis model where an external source involving a sub and superquadratic growth effect contrasted by nonlocal dampening reaction influences the motion of a cell density attracted by a chemical signal. We study the mechanism of the two densities once their initial configurations are fixed in bounded impenetrable regions; in the specific, we establish that no gathering effect for the cells can appear in time provided that the dampening effect is strong enough. Mathematically, we are concerned with this problem $$\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_t=\Delta u-\chi \nabla \cdot (u\nabla v)+au^\alpha -bu^\alpha \int _\Omega u^\beta &{}\textrm{in}\ \Omega \times (0, T_{max}),\\ \tau v_t=\Delta v-v+u &{}\textrm{in}\ \Omega \times (0, T_{max}),\\ u_\nu =v_\nu =0 &{}\textrm{on}\ \partial \Omega \times (0, T_{max}),\\ u(x, 0)=u_0(x)\ge 0, v(x,0)=v_0(x)\ge 0, &{}x \in {\bar{\Omega }}, \end{array}\right. } \quad {\Diamond } \end{aligned}$$

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A clinical perspective on imaging in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Tarsia Maria , Zajc Avramovič Mojca , Gazikalović Ana , Ključevšek Damjana , Avčin Tadej 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years, imaging has become increasingly important to confirm diagnosis, monitor disease activity, and predict disease course and outcome in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Over the past few decades, great efforts have been made to improve the quality of diagnostic imaging and to reach a consensus on which methods and scoring systems to use. However, there are still some critical issues, and the diagnosis, course, and management of JIA are closely related to clinical assessment. This review discusses the main indications for conventional radiography (XR), musculoskeletal ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while trying to maintain a clinical perspective. The diagnostic-therapeutic timing at which one or the other method should be used, depending on the disease/patient phenotype, will be assessed, considering the main advantages and disadvantages of each imaging modality according to the currently available literature. Some brief clinical case scenarios on the most frequently and severely involved joints in JIA are also presented.
Graphical abstract
Heliconiini butterflies as a case study in evolutionary cognitive ecology: behavioural innovation and mushroom body expansion
Authors: Young Fletcher J. , Montgomery Stephen H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe evolutionary relationships between ecology, cognition, and neurobiology remain elusive, despite important contributions from functional studies and comparative analyses. Recently, Heliconius butterflies and their Heliconiini allies have emerged as a promising system for investigating the evolution and ecology of cognition. In Heliconius, regions of the brain involved in learning and memory, called the mushroom bodies, have quadrupled in size and contain up to 8 times more neurons than closely related genera. This expansion, largely driven by increased dedication to processing visual input, occurred relatively recently (~12–18 Ma) and coincides with the evolution of a novel foraging behaviour — trapline foraging between pollen resources, which provide an adult source of amino acids. Behavioural experiments show that, relative to other Heliconiini, Heliconius exhibit superior visual long-term memory and non-elemental learning, behaviours which have putative relevance for visual learning during traplining, while exhibiting no differences in shape learning or reversal learning. These cognitive differences are also associated with changes in the plastic response of the mushroom body to learning and experience. Heliconius thus constitute a clear example of a suite of neural adaptations that coincides with a novel behaviour reliant on distinct cognitive shifts. We highlight the Heliconiini as a well-positioned, developing case study in cognitive ecology and evolution, where there is the possibility of synthesising comparative neuroanatomical, developmental and behavioural data with extensive genomic resources. This would provide a rich dataset linking genes, brains, behaviour, and ecology, and offer key insights into the mechanisms and selective pressures shaping the evolution of interspecific cognitive variation.
The new Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP) estimates the risk of arterial occlusive events in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with nilotinib or ponatinib
Authors: Mulas Olga , Abruzzese Elisabetta , Luciano Luigiana , Iurlo Alessandra , Attolico Immacolata , Castagnetti Fausto , Galimberti Sara , Bonifacio Massimiliano , Annunziata Mario , Gozzini Antonella , Orlandi Ester Maria , Stagno Fabio , Binotto Gianni , Pregno Patrizia , Fozza Claudio , Loi Maurizio , Trawinska Malgorzata Monika , De Gregorio Fiorenza , Cattaneo Daniele , Albano Francesco , Iezza Miriam , Baratè Claudia , Scaffidi Luigi , Elena Chiara , Giai Valentina , Scalzulli Emilia , Breccia Massimo , La Nasa Giorgio , Caocci Giovanni 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPatients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with nilotinib or ponatinib may experience arterial occlusive events (AOEs). It is currently recommended to thoroughly assess cardiovascular risk factors before treating CML. We identified 455 consecutive CML adult patients, 335 treated with nilotinib and 120 with ponatinib; 380 patients without previous cardiovascular diseases or diabetes were stratified according to the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE2) and SCORE2-Older Persons (SCORE2-OP). This updated algorithm from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) estimates a 10-year risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular diseases. It is based on sex, age, smoking habits, systolic blood pressure, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and European geographical region of cardiovascular risk. The SCORE2/SCORE2-OP algorithm translated more patients (50.2%) to the high–very high cardiovascular risk category than the previous SCORE (25.3%). Patients with a high to very high SCORE2/SCORE2-OP risk showed a significantly higher incidence rate of AOEs (69.2% vs. 46.5%, p < 0.001). The older SCORE was less specific in estimating AOEs in patients classified as low-intermediate risk (69.8 vs. 54.2%). In multivariate analysis, no associations were found between AOEs and gender, age, and type or dose of tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Only the SCORE2/SCORE2-OP risk was confirmed as a significant predictive factor (p = 0.028; hazard ratio = 2.2; 95% confidence interval = 1.1–4.5). Patients with AOEs required, in most cases, imaging diagnostic tests, additional drugs, and sometimes invasive procedures, increasing access to visits and hospital management. This real-life study suggested that the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP charts could help identify cardiovascular fragility in CML patients providing them with more attention and a proper TKI selection.
Modelling microtube driven invasion of glioma
Authors: Hillen Thomas , Loy Nadia , Painter Kevin J. , Thiessen Ryan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMalignant gliomas are notoriously invasive, a major impediment against their successful treatment. This invasive growth has motivated the use of predictive partial differential equation models, formulated at varying levels of detail, and including (i) “proliferation-infiltration” models, (ii) “go-or-grow” models, and (iii) anisotropic diffusion models. Often, these models use macroscopic observations of a diffuse tumour interface to motivate a phenomenological description of invasion, rather than performing a detailed and mechanistic modelling of glioma cell invasion processes. Here we close this gap. Based on experiments that support an important role played by long cellular protrusions, termed tumour microtubes, we formulate a new model for microtube-driven glioma invasion. In particular, we model a population of tumour cells that extend tissue-infiltrating microtubes. Mitosis leads to new nuclei that migrate along the microtubes and settle elsewhere. A combination of steady state analysis and numerical simulation is employed to show that the model can predict an expanding tumour, with travelling wave solutions led by microtube dynamics. A sequence of scaling arguments allows us reduce the detailed model into simpler formulations, including models falling into each of the general classes (i), (ii), and (iii) above. This analysis allows us to clearly identify the assumptions under which these various models can be a posteriori justified in the context of microtube-driven glioma invasion. Numerical simulations are used to compare the various model classes and we discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
Uncertainties in the Arctic Ocean response to CO$$_2$$: a process-based analysis
Authors: Saenko Oleg A. , Gregory Jonathan M. , Tandon Neil F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUsing an ensemble of atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) in an idealized climate change experiment, this study evaluates the contribution of different ocean processes to Arctic Ocean warming. On the AOGCM-mean, the Arctic Ocean warming is greater than the global ocean warming, both in the volume-weighted mean, and at most depths within the upper 2000 m. However, the uncertainty of Arctic Ocean warming is much larger than the uncertainty of global ocean warming. The Arctic warming is greatest a few 100 m below the surface and is dominated by the import of extra heat, which is added to the ocean at lower latitudes and is conveyed to the Arctic mostly by the large-scale barotropic ocean circulation. The change in strength of this circulation in the North Atlantic is relatively small and not correlated with the Arctic Ocean warming. The Arctic Ocean warming is opposed and substantially mitigated by the weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), though the magnitude of this effect has a large model spread. By reducing the northward transport of heat, the AMOC weakening causes a redistribution of heat from high latitudes to low latitudes. Within the Arctic Ocean, the propagation of heat anomalies is influenced by broadening of cyclonic circulation in the east and weakening of anticyclonic circulation in the west. On the model-mean, the Arctic Ocean warming is most pronounced in the Eurasian Basin, with large spread across the AOGCMs, and accompanied by subsurface cooling by diapycnal mixing and heat redistribution by mesoscale eddies.
Advancing nutrition science to meet evolving global health needs
Authors: Neufeld Lynnette M. , Ho Emily , Obeid Rima , Tzoulis Charalampos , Green Marina , Huber Luke G. , Stout Michelle , Griffiths James C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPopulations in crisis!A global overview of health challenges and policy efforts within the scope of current nutrition issues, from persistent forms of undernutrition, including micronutrient deficiency, to diet-related chronic diseases. Nutrition science has evolved from a therapeutic and prevention emphasis to include a focus on diets and food systems. Working and consensus definitions are needed, as well as guidance related to healthy diets and the emerging issues that require further research and consensus building. Between nutrient deficiency and chronic disease, nutrition has evolved from focusing exclusively on the extremes of overt nutrient deficiency and chronic disease prevention, to equipping bodies with the ability to cope with physiologic, metabolic, and psychological stress. Just what is ‘optimal nutrition’, is that a valid public health goal, and what terminology is being provided by the nutrition science community? Nutrition research on ‘healthspan’, resilience, and intrinsic capacity may provide evidence to support optimal nutrition. Finally, experts provide views on ongoing challenges of achieving consensus or acceptance of the various definitions and interventions for health promotion, and how these can inform government health policies.Nutrition topics that receive particular focus in these proceedings include choline, NAD-replenishment in neurodegenerative diseases, and xanthophyll carotenoids. Choline is a crucial nutrient essential for cellular metabolism, requiring consumption from foods or supplements due to inadequate endogenous synthesis. Maternal choline intake is vital for fetal and infant development to prevent neural tube defects. Neurodegenerative diseases pose a growing health challenge, lacking effective therapies. Nutrition, including NAD-replenishing nutrients, might aid prevention. Emerging research indicates xanthophyll carotenoids enhance vision and cognition, potentially impacting age-related diseases.
Clinical predictors of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide death in depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Riera-Serra Pau , Navarra-Ventura Guillem , Castro Adoración , Gili Margalida , Salazar-Cedillo Angie , Ricci-Cabello Ignacio , Roldán-Espínola Lorenzo , Coronado-Simsic Victoria , García-Toro Mauro , Gómez-Juanes Rocío , Roca Miquel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPatients with depressive disorders are especially prone to suicide risk. Among the clinical predictors of suicidality, those specifically related to depressive disorders have not been accurately detailed. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting longitudinal predictors of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide death within depression, including diagnostic subtypes, symptoms, clinical course, and assessment scales. A systematic search of the literature between 2001 and 2022 identified 4422 references, among which 19 studies providing 45 different predictors of suicidality met the inclusion criteria. Random effects meta-analyses were performed for 22 predictors, three for suicidal ideation, eleven for suicide attempts and eight for suicide death. Heterogeneity and publication bias were inspected through I2 tests and Egger’s tests respectively. Meta-analysis results showed that severity of hopelessness predicted suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. History of suicide attempts, suicidal ideation, severe depression, and psychotic symptoms predicted subsequent suicide attempts and suicide death. Time to full remission and sleep disturbances were also found as relevant predictors of future suicide behaviours. This review specifies which predictors of suicidality within the clinical features of depression will help clinicians and policy makers to better prevent suicide risk in patients with depressive disorders. Further longitudinal studies are needed to reliably assess the predictive ability of our results and to analyse other possible clinical predictors to prevent suicidality, especially with regard to suicidal ideation.
Early versus delayed EUS-guided drainage for postoperative pancreatic fluid collections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mukai Tsuyoshi , Nakai Yousuke , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Matsubara Saburo , Sasaki Takashi , Ishiwatari Hirotoshi , Hijioka Susumu , Shiomi Hideyuki , Takenaka Mamoru , Iwashita Takuji , Masuda Atsuhiro , Saito Tomotaka , Isayama Hiroyuki , Yasuda Ichiro ,   for the WONDERFUL Study Group in Japan, Sato Tatsuya , Nakagawa Keito , Suda Kentaro , Nakano Ryota , Ota Shogo , Takeshita Kotaro , Omoto Shunsuke , Akihiko Senju , Tezuka Ryuichi , Uemura Shinya , Tsujimae Masahiro , Sakai Arata , Okuno Mitsuru , Iwasa Yuhei , Iwata Keisuke , Yoshida Kensaku , Maruta Akinori , Fujisawa Toshio , Takahashi Sho , Hayashi Nobuhiko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative pancreatic fluid collections (POPFCs) are common adverse events (AEs) after pancreatic surgery and may need interventions. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage for POPFCs is increasingly reported, but its appropriate timing has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate treatment outcomes of POPFCs according to the timing of EUS-guided drainage.

Methods
Using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane database, we identified clinical studies published until December 2022 with data comparing outcomes of early and delayed EUS-guided drainage for POPFCs. We pooled data on AEs, mortality, and technical and clinical success rates, using the random-effects model.

Results
From 1415 papers identified in the initial literature search, we identified 6 retrospective studies, including 128 and 107 patients undergoing early and delayed EUS-guided drainage for POPFCs. The threshold of early and delayed drainage ranged from 14 to 30 days. Distal pancreatectomy was the major cause of POPFCs, ranging from 44 to 100%. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for AEs was 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40–1.64, P = 0.55) comparing early to delayed drainage. There was no procedure-related mortality. Technical success was achieved in all cases and a pooled OR of clinical success was 0.60 (95% CI 0.20–1.83, P = 0.37).

Conclusion
POPFCs can be managed by early EUS-guided drainage without an increase in AEs.
Therapeutic use of medical Cannabis in neurological diseases: a clinical update
Authors: Hidding Ute , Mainka Tina , Buhmann Carsten 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe use of medical Cannabis has increased in recent years due to changing legal circumstances in many countries. Approval exists only for a few neurological conditions such as rare forms of epilepsy or spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Beyond that, however, medical Cannabis is used for a wide range of neurological conditions and symptoms. In Germany, in parallel with new legislation that has simplified the prescription of medical Cannabis, an accompanying survey has been implemented for which initial data are now available. In this context, our review provides an overview of the evidence for the therapeutic use of medical Cannabis in neurology, the potential benefits, and side effects.
Efficacy and trade-offs of an innovative hyperthermia device to control Varroa destructor in honeybee colonies
Authors: Sandrock Christoph , Wohlfahrt Jens , Brunner Willi , Brunner Pascal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFor decades, the honeybee, Apis mellifera, has suffered from severe colony losses due to the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor. Various strategies based on chemicals fail to adequately control varroa mite populations, and often comprise side-effects on the host, parasite resistance and residues in hive products. Reduced temperature tolerance of V. destructor compared to its host has long been recognised and accordingly, the potential of hyperthermia to disrupt mite reproduction within honeybee brood cells or even kill adult parasites. Yet, earlier studies on hyperthermia remain largely anecdotal, and readily implementable solutions have so far been lacking. This study investigates autonomously controlled interval heating from within brood combs throughout the season compared to control colonies maintained according to good apicultural practice. We documented treatment-dependent colony growth dynamics and honey production at three apiaries, complemented by regular monitoring of varroa mite levels and comprehensive digital assessments of brood development over time. Our one-year field trial suggests the evaluated hyperthermia device efficiently suppresses mite populations below critical thresholds until autumn. Whilst a general winter reference-curing revealed similar mite infestations of colonies previously treated with hyperthermia versus formic acid (control), only the latter imposed substantial overwintering burdens indirectly through frequent late-season queen supersedure. However, relative to targeted pupae, increased mortality particularly of heat-treated non-target brood stages (eggs and larvae) appeared to trigger compensatory colony-level responses, translating into temporarily decreased numbers of adult workers coupled with increased pollen foraging and overall lower honey harvests. Valuable insights into previously unrecognised side-effects of hyperthermia and mitigation thereof may ultimately permit successful routine applications of this chemical-free approach to combat the major threat to honeybees worldwide.