bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A framework for assessing the impacts of land‐use/cover change and climate change on wheat productivity under 1.5 and 2.0 °C warming at watershed scale
Authors: Sun Haowei , Wang Li 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIrrigation is used extensively to enhance grain production and ensure food security. Many studies have used crop models and global climate models to study the variation of irrigated crop yield in the context of climate change. But most considered the influence of direct climate change but neglected the influence of irrigation water availability, which is affected by land‐use/cover change (LUCC) and indirect climate change, on irrigated crop yield. This study therefore developed a framework including Patch‐generating Land Use Simulation model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool, Agricultural Production Systems sImulator Model, and global climate models for exploring the impacts of LUCC, direct climate change, and indirect climate change on wheat yield in a typical watershed.RESULTSBoth LUCC and climate change caused increased runoff from October to May, and thus increased the irrigation water availability, by 51.6 and 30.7 mm per growing season under 1.5 and 2.0 °C warming, respectively. The combined influence of LUCC, direct, and indirect climate change increased wheat yield by about 18.5% and 15.5% in the context of 1.5 and 2.0 °C warming, respectively. The relative contribution of LUCC, indirect climate change and direct climate change to yield was 4.7%, 41.2%, and 54.1% under 1.5 °C warming, and 13.1%, 28.7%, and 58.2% under 2.0 °C warming, respectively.CONCLUSIONWe suggest that changes in irrigation water availability should be considered from a watershed perspective when simulating the influence of climate change on crop yield, especially regional crop production estimation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Alteration of volatile profiles in heat‐sterilized cloudy muskmelon juice as affected by pectin fractions
Authors: Pan Xin , Bi Shuang , Xu Yingying , Cai Yanpei , Lao Fei , Wu Jihong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundFlavor is considered as a key quality attribute of fruit juice affecting consumer acceptance. During processing, the flavor loss of cloudy juice always occurs due to the variations of juice cloud particles. Pectin, a major component of cloud particles, plays an important role in cloud stability. In this work, we focused on the effects of variation of three pectin fractions caused by gentle centrifugation and clarification on the physicochemical properties, volatile content and sensory profile of heat‐sterilized muskmelon cloudy juice.ResultsCentrifugation treatment reduced the total soluble solids and viscosity of cloudy juice and increased cloud stability. With centrifugation increased, the contents of most monosaccharides in the three pectin fractions were reduced. Most aroma‐active aldehydes and alcohols, such as (2E,6Z)‐nonadienal, 1‐octen‐3‐ol and (E)‐non‐2‐enal, after gentle centrifugation and clarification, were maintained, but most esters were decreased. The volatile compositions were highly related to the three pectin fractions. The addition of chelator‐soluble pectin and sodium carbonate‐soluble pectin could decrease the formation of dimethyl trisulfide and dimethyl disulfide in clarified juice, thereby improving the sensory profile.ConclusionThe results suggested that endogenous chelator‐soluble pectin and sodium carbonate‐soluble pectin can be used in heat‐sterilized fruit juice to improve flavor quality, with an emphasis on a significant reduction in volatile sulfur compounds. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Synergistic effects of ferulic acid esterase‐producing lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and xylanase on the fermentation characteristics, fibre and nitrogen components and microbial community structure of Broussonetia papyrifera during ensiling
Authors: Yu Qiang , Xu Jinyi , Li Mengxin , Xi Yulong , Sun Hong , Xie Yixiao , Cheng Qiming , Li Ping , Chen Chao , Yang Fuyu , Zheng Yulong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe high fibre content of whole plants of Broussonetia papyrifera limits its efficient utilization. Ferulic acid esterase (FAE), in combination with xylanase, can effectively cleave the lignin–carbohydrate complex, promoting the function of cellulase. However, little is known about the impact of these additives on silage. To effectively utilize natural woody plant resources, FAE‐producing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RO395, xylanase (XY) and cellulase (CE) were used to investigate the dynamic fermentation characteristics, fibre and nitrogen components and microbial community structure during B. papyrifera ensiling.RESULTSBroussonetia papyrifera was either not treated (CK) or treated with FAE‐producing lactic acid bacteria (LP), CE, XY, LP + CE, LP + XY or LP + CE + XY for 3, 7, 15, 30 or 60 days, respectively. In comparison with those in the CK treatment, the L. plantarum and enzyme treatments (LP + CE, LP + XY and LP + XY + CE), especially the LP + XY + CE treatment, significantly increased the lactic acid concentration and decreased the pH and the contents of acid detergent insoluble protein and NH3‐N (P < 0.05). Enzyme addition improved the degradation efficiency of lignocellulose, and a synergistic effect was observed after enzyme treatment in combination with LP; in addition, the lowest acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, hemicellulose and cellulose contents were detected after the LP + CE + XY treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, CE, XY and LP additions significantly improved the microbial community structure, increased the relative abundance of Lactiplantibacillus and Firmicutes, and effectively inhibited undesirable bacterial (Enterobacter) growth during ensiling.CONCLUSIONFAE‐producing L. plantarum and the two tested enzymes exhibited synergistic effects on improving the quality of silage, which indicates that this combination can serve as an efficient method for improved B. papyrifera silage utilization. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Improvement of the viability of Tetragenococcus halophilus under acidic stress by forming the biofilm cell structure based on RNA‐Seq and iTRAQ analyses
Authors: Yao Shangjie , Tu Rongkun , Jin Yao , Zhou Rongqing , Wu Chongde , Qin Jiufu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDTetragenococcus halophilus is a halophilic lactic acid bacterium (LAB) isolated from soya sauce moromi. During the production of these fermented foods, acid stress is an inevitable environmental stress. In our previous study, T. halophilus could form biofilms and the cells in the biofilms exhibited higher cell viability under multiple environmental stresses, including acid stress.RESULTSIn this study, the effect of preformed T. halophilus biofilms on cell survival, cellular structure, intracellular environment, and the expression of genes and proteins under acid stress was investigated. The result showed that acid stress with pH 4.30 for 1.5 h reduced the live T. halophilus cell count and caused cellular structure damage. However, T. halophilus biofilm cells exhibited greater cell survival under acid stress than the planktonic cells, and biofilm formation reduced the damage of acid stress to the cell membrane and cell wall. The biofilm cells maintained a higher level of H+‐ATPase activity and intracellular ammonia concentration after acid stress. The RNA‐Seq and iTRAQ technologies revealed that the genes and proteins associated with ATP production, the uptake of trehalose and N‐acetylmuramic acid, the assembly of H+‐ATPase, amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, ammonia production, fatty acid biosynthesis, CoA biosynthesis, thiamine production, and acetoin biosynthesis might be responsible for the stronger acid tolerance of T. halophilus biofilm cells together.CONCLUSIONThese findings further explained the mechanisms that allowed LAB biofilm cells to resist environmental stress. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Normalized solutions of the Schrödinger equation with potential
Authors: Zhao Xin , Zou Wenming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, for dimension and prescribed mass , we consider the following nonlinear scalar field equation with constraint:
where is a Lagrange multiplier, . In particular, satisfies mass supercritical and Sobolev subcritical growth. We prove the existence results of the normalized solution and infinitely many normalized solutions to the above system under some proper assumptions on the functions by the mountain pass argument.
How to Use the New European Academy of Neurology/Movement Disorder Society European Section Guideline for Invasive Therapies in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Brinker Dana , Smilowska Katarzyna , Paschen Steffen , Antonini Angelo , Moro Elena , Deuschl Günther 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe decision to choose invasive treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD) is complex and needs careful consideration.ObjectivesAlthough the recommendations of the European Academy of Neurology/Movement Disorder Society European Section guideline for invasive therapies of PD are useful, the different clinical profiles of people with PD who seek advice for possible invasive therapy need further attention.Methods and ResultsHere we describe 8 clinical standard situations of people with PD unsatisfied with their current oral treatment where invasive therapies may be considered. These are PD patients presenting with the following symptoms: (1) severe motor fluctuations, (2) beginning of levodopa‐responsive fluctuations, severe tremor at (3) young or (4) advanced age, (5) impulse control disorders and related behavioral disorders, (6) hallucinations and psychosis, (7) minimal cognitive impairment or mild dementia, and (8) patients in need of palliative care. For some of these conditions, evidence at lower level or simple clinical considerations exist.ConclusionsThere are no one‐fits‐all answers, but physician and patient should discuss each option carefully considering symptom profile, psychosocial context, availability of therapy alternatives, and many other factors. The current paper outlines our proposed approach to these circumstances.
Gut microbiota research nexus: One Health relationship between human, animal, and environmental resistomes
Authors: Fu Yuhao , Dou Qingyuan , Smalla Kornelia , Wang Yu , Johnson Timothy A. , Brandt Kristian K. , Mei Zhi , Liao Maoyuan , Hashsham Syed A. , Schäffer Andreas , Smidt Hauke , Zhang Tong , Li Hui , Stedtfeld Robert , Sheng Hongjie , Chai Benli , Virta Marko , Jiang Xin , Wang Fang , Zhu Yong‐Guan , Tiedje James M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe emergence and rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance is of global public health concern. The gut microbiota harboring diverse commensal and opportunistic bacteria that can acquire resistance via horizontal and vertical gene transfers is considered an important reservoir and sink of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this review, we describe the reservoirs of gut ARGs and their dynamics in both animals and humans, use the One Health perspective to track the transmission of ARG‐containing bacteria between humans, animals, and the environment, and assess the impact of antimicrobial resistance on human health and socioeconomic development. The gut resistome can evolve in an environment subject to various selective pressures, including antibiotic administration and environmental and lifestyle factors (e.g., diet, age, gender, and living conditions), and interventions through probiotics. Strategies to reduce the abundance of clinically relevant antibiotic‐resistant bacteria and their resistance determinants in various environmental niches are needed to ensure the mitigation of acquired antibiotic resistance. With the help of effective measures taken at the national, local, personal, and intestinal management, it will also result in preventing or minimizing the spread of infectious diseases. This review aims to improve our understanding of the correlations between intestinal microbiota and antimicrobial resistance and provide a basis for the development of management strategies to mitigate the antimicrobial resistance crisis.
Ancient genomes reveal the origin and kinship burial patterns of human remains during the 11th to 13th centuries in northern China
Authors: Zhang Fan , Liu Yan , Ning Chao , Zhang Jiashuo , Ma Pengcheng , Zhang Ruojing , Yun Zerong , Duan Chen , Cai Dawei , Yuan Haibing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe analysis of familial relationships among individuals co‐buried in a shared tomb is crucial for understanding burial practices and the underlying social organization of ancient human society. However, archaeological interpretation of these relationships has traditionally relied on conjecture and circumstantial evidence. The development of next‐generation sequencing technologies makes it possible to obtain genomic data from ancient individuals and thus can further estimate the genetic relatedness among these individuals in an accurate manner. In this study, we obtained the genomes of four individuals excavated from a single tomb in northern China. We found that three out of the four individuals were from a nuclear family, including the parents and their son, while the remaining female individual was genetically unrelated to the others. Our study not only shows that the burial custom was organized based on both biological relatedness and social kinship ties but also suggests the presence of likely female exogamy in ancient China. Finally, we find the genetic profile of these individuals carried a majority ancestry from the sedentary agriculturalists from the Central Plains of China and subtle ancestry that derived a gene pool associated with nomadic pastoralism, implying a long‐standing genetic continuity among ancient populations in northern China, but with genetic and cultural connections with nomadic groups during the 11th to 13th centuries.
Missing the mark? Exploratory analysis of the 10‐year‐old cutoff as an independent marker of high‐risk disease in pediatric B‐ALL
Authors: George Paul E. , DeGroote Nicholas P. , Henderson Michaela , Jordan Katherine , Ziworitin‐Ogola Christiana , Castellino Sharon M. , Miller Tamara P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis single‐center, retrospective study evaluated age as a risk factor for relapsed/refractory disease and/or death in 153 children with B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The study sample included children near the 10‐year age cutoff for high‐risk disease (6.0‐13.9 years at diagnosis) and without other high‐risk features (high white cell count, unfavorable cytogenetics). Children 10.0‐13.9 years treated per high‐risk protocols did not have inferior outcomes compared with children aged 6.0‐9.9 years initiating treatment per standard‐risk protocols. The study indicates that, in the era of cytogenetics, an age threshold of 10 years might not be an independent prognostic marker. Multicenter analyses are needed.
Proteomic analysis and protein structure prediction of Shigella phage Sfk20 based on a comparative study using structure prediction approaches
Authors: Mallick Bani , Dutta Aninda , Mondal Payel , Dutta Moumita 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBacteriophages are the natural predators of bacteria and are available abundantly everywhere in nature. Lytic phages can specifically infect their bacterial host (through attachment to the receptor) and use their host replication machinery to replicate rapidly, a feature that enables them to kill a disease‐causing bacteria. Hence, phage attachment to the host bacteria is the first important step of the infection process. It is reported in this study that the receptor could be an LPS which is responsible for the attachment of the Sfk20 phage to its host (Shigella flexneri 2a). Phage Sfk20 bacteriolytic activity was examined for preliminary optimization of phage titer. The phage Sfk20 viability at different saline conditions was conducted. The LC–MS/MS technique used here for detecting and identifying 40 Sfk20 phage proteins helped us to get an initial understanding of the structural landscape of phage Sfk20. From the identified proteins, six structurally significant proteins were selected for structure prediction using two neural network systems: AlphaFold2 and ESMFold, and one homology modeling software: Phyre2. Later the performance of these modeling systems was compared using various metrics. We conclude from the available and generated information that AlphaFold2 and Phyre2 perform better than ESMFold for predicting Sfk20 phage protein structures.
A comparative study of physical and thermoelectrical characteristics of the new full‐Heusler alloys Ag2TiGa and Ag2VGa with ab initio calculations
Authors: Elkoua I. Ait , Masrour R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper will focus on the comparative study of the structural, electronic, magnetic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of the two Heusler systems Ag2TiGa and Ag2VGa in the inverse L21 Hg2CuTi structure. Using the density functional theory‐based wien2k code, which implements the computational methods used in this study, namely GGA, GGA‐mBJ, GGA + U, and GGA + SOC (spin‐orbit coupling). The band structures show that all two structures studied are metallic. The spin density of states of Ag2VGa has evident spin splitting near the Fermi level, and the total magnetic moment of the Ag2VGa structure is 2.19 μB, which indicates that Ag2VGa is magnetic. The full‐Heusler Ag2VGa material can be used as spintronic materials due to their high spin polarization (about 50%). While Ag2TiGa has low polarization so it is bad electronically, but better thermoelectrically than Ag2VGa. So, the full‐Heusler Ag2TiGa material may also be considered as a potential candidate for thermoelectric applications at room temperature. Studies of the two new Heusler alloys may provide a theoretical reference for subsequent theoretical research and experimental synthesis of Ag‐based Heusler alloys.
Modeling of the oxygen defect formation in YCrO3
Authors: Gnidenko Anton , Chigrin Pavel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUsing the pyrolyzing polymer‐salt compositions method yttrium orthochromite (space group Pnma) was synthesized. A value of oxygen nonstoichiometry and a band gap of 1.64 eV were obtained. With the experimentally determined structural parameters as a basis, we performed ab initio simulations to investigate the defect structure of YCrO. We studied the presence of interstitial oxygen in the YCrO at oxygen nonstoichiometry close to the experimental value and vacancies at the same concentration. Formation energies were estimated for interstitial oxygen atoms and compared with those of oxygen vacancies in the cases neutral and charged supercells. The computational results demonstrate that interstitial oxygen is energetically more favorable than the formation of oxygen vacancies. We considered various configurations of the interstitial oxygen atom within the YCrO crystal lattice and identified two fundamentally distinct types. An analysis of projected densities of states and charge distributions was performed for these configurations. The results indicate that direct intercalation of oxygen atoms is energetically more favorable than the formation of a peroxide species when the Fermi level is close to the conduction band minimum.
Evaluating the performance of instream structures for a stream restoration project in Colorado
Authors: Richer Eric E. , Graf Sam , Kondratieff Matt C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetals pollution and channel disturbance associated with historical mining, land use, and water development degraded aquatic and riparian habitat along the upper Arkansas River near Leadville, Colorado. Stream restoration was conducted for an 8 km reach to improve aquatic habitat and increase trout populations. Instream structures were prescribed to stabilize streambanks, create diverse stream morphology, and provide overhead cover, refuge, spawning, and overwinter habitat for trout. At least 90% of all structures were expected to be stable and functional 3 years after implementation. The objectives of this study were to investigate structure performance by (1) evaluating the integrity and function of instream structures and (2) evaluating the change in residual pool depths (RPD). Annual surveys utilized a rapid assessment procedure to qualitatively rank integrity, erosion, and deposition at each structure (n = 137). Rankings were investigated with ordinal regression to determine if performance varied by structure type and year. Longitudinal profile surveys were conducted annually and used to estimate RPD for 86 pools. The change in RPD was investigated with repeated measures ANOVA to determine if RPD varied between structure types and changed over time. Results suggest that some structures were more prone to failure, with higher rankings observed for boulder toe, log vanes, log toe, and boulder vanes. Pool depths increased during construction, decreased following the first runoff, and then remained relatively stable in subsequent years. Understanding the performance of instream structures from this case study will help inform the design, evaluation, and expectations for future stream restoration projects.
Research on the sustainable development mode of resource‐oriented regions on plateaus—A case study for Gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture
Authors: Liu Qian , Li Fujia , Dong Suocheng , Cheng Hao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMany resource‐oriented regions on plateaus (RORP) are facing the double threat of ecological destruction and resource exploitation. The traditional development mode will destroy fragile ecosystems in RORP, resulting in substantial environmental governance costs and environmental restoration difficulties. Therefore, realizing the sustainable development of these regions has become a major topic of interest. In this study, we designed a sustainable development mode, that is, “conservation mining‐ecological restoration‐substitute industries‐energy saving and emission reduction” (CESE), for RORP. The integration of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Service and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model and the system dynamics (SD) model were used to evaluate and simulate the comprehensive effect and future trends of the sustainable development mode in the RORP. The evaluation and simulation results clearly show that through long‐term stable operation, this sustainable development mode can alleviate the double threat of the “unbridled development‐fragile ecosystem”(UDFE) and achieve synchronous growth of ecological, economic, and social benefits. Additionally, this study further proposes the potential risks of this mode and directions for iterative improvements, serving as goals of regional optimization and improvement in the future. The sustainable development mode of RORP proposed in this study has important theoretical significance and practical value for mitigating the double threat associated with the development of RORP.