bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyphenylene oxide/boron nitride–alumina hybrid composites with high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion and ultralow dielectric loss
Authors: Xu Jie , Xu Renjun , Wang Zeru , Fang Zeming , Zhu Xiaotao , Meng Yeqiao , Liu Qianfa , Wang Ke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTraditional integrated circuit (IC) packaging materials and printed circuit board substrate materials suffer from several limitations including low thermal conductivity, high coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and poor dielectric properties. Although significant efforts have been made to enhance these properties, achieving a single composite system with simultaneous high thermal conductivity, extremely low CTE, and dielectric loss remains a formidable task. In this study, we propose a hybrid polymer composite system that addresses these challenges. Our approach involves utilizing a thermosetting polyphenylene oxide (PPO) as the resin matrix, while incorporating boron nitride (BN) sheets with high thermal conductivity and alumina (Al2O3) spheres with favorable fluidity as fillers. To optimize the composite properties, the filler surfaces are modified using dopamine and silane coupling agents, ensuring proper interface control. The composites exhibit significant improvements in thermal conductivity, reduced dielectric loss and CTE, while maintaining excellent processibility. Specifically, with a composition of 25 vol% BN and 25 vol% Al2O3, the thermal conductivity of the composite reaches 2.18 W·m−1 K−1, surpassing neat PPO resin by a factor of 10.9. Simultaneously, the CTE decreases from 2.27% to 1.18% between 50 and 260°C, and the dielectric loss reduces from 0.0024 to 0.0011 at 10 GHz, as compared to neat PPO resin.Highlights
The reported novel hybrid composite offers a promising solution to the limitations of traditional IC packaging materials.
The reported hybrid composite exhibits significantly improved thermal conductivity, ultralow dielectric loss, and reduced coefficient of thermal expansion, while maintaining excellent processibility.
The thermal conductivity of the composites reaches 2.18 W·m−1 K−1, surpassing that of the neat resin by a factor of 10.9, meanwhile the dielectric loss is as low as 0.0011 at 10 GHz, which is extremely difficult to achieve simultaneously for thermosetting polymer composites.
Synergetic effects were realized with the hybridization of fillers with different dimensionality, and proper filler surface modification.
On the energy absorption in a novel CoFeSiB metallic‐glass fiber/epoxy resin composite under quasi‐static and dynamic compression conditions
Authors: Liang Weizhong , Wang Longxing , Liaw Peter K. , Liu Yingyi , Wei Ransong , Xu Jiawen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractManufacturing and investigating metallic‐glass‐fiber‐reinforced epoxies is an important new attempt to present their potential to contribute to the aviation industry. In order to explore the energy absorption in novel CoFeSiB metallic‐glass‐fiber/epoxy resin composites, CoFeSiB/epoxy resin composite cylinders with different fiber volume fractions were prepared by a hot‐pressing method. The amorphism of the metal fibers was analyzed using x‐ray diffraction. The quasi‐static compression tests were performed on different fiber oriented samples with a diameter of 3.6 mm and a height of 7.2 mm. The sample with the fiber orientation [0°/90°] has a higher energy absorption capacity, compared to the one with the fiber orientation [0°/0°]. The dynamic‐ compression tests were performed on the [0°/0°] samples with a diameter of 3 mm and height of 6 mm at different air pressures. The compression fracture surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscope. Then the energy absorption mechanism of the composites was investigated. This study is of great significance for the energy absorption in amorphous metal fiber/epoxy composites.
Study on the low‐velocity impact response of the repaired carbon fiber‐reinforced plastic laminates: Bonded versus scarf repair
Authors: Chen Xuanzhen , Peng Yong , Wang Kui , Wang Xin , Liu Zhixiang , Huang Zhiqiang , Zhang Honghao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExperimental and simulation studies of the response of bonded‐repaired and scarf‐repaired carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer laminates under the low‐velocity impact (LVI) were carried out. The center‐ and eccentric‐repaired laminates were prepared for experiments. The experimental results verify the validity of the finite element model in terms of the force response and different modes of damage. The effect of impact energy and the variation of repair position on the impact response of the laminate was investigated based on the benchmark model. The bonded repaired laminates have higher peak impact forces and lower energy absorption than the scarf‐repaired laminates; the damage of the bonded repaired laminate is mainly intralaminar damage and delamination damage of the patch; the adhesive of the scarf repair is prone to failure, leading to poor impact resistance. The relative positions of the impact point and the patch determine the impact response of a laminate repaired at different locations. The impact point at the edge of the patch has a detrimental effect on the repaired laminate. The impact point vertical position near the bottom hole edge of the parent plate in the scarf‐repaired case harms the impact resistance of the laminate.Highlights
The low‐velocity impact response of bonded versus scarf‐repaired laminates was compared.
Bonding repairs provide superior impact resistance to damaged laminates than scarf repairs.
The risk of adhesive failure in scarf repair is significantly higher than in bonded repair.
The relative position of the damage (repair) to the impact point critically influences the impact response.
Impacts near the edge of the initial damage hole can cause severe damage to scarf‐repaired laminates.
Psychosocial support among adults living with metastatic breast cancer: Perspectives from providers across four New York‐Presbyterian hospitals
Authors: Zeng Caroline , Matias‐Gomez Laura , Kelly Mia , Hershman Dawn L. , Rosenberg Shoshana , Pinheiro Laura C. 
Published: January 2024

Key Points

We conducted semi‐structured interviews with providers at four New York‐Presbyterian (NYP) hospitals: Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), NYP‐Queens, NYP‐Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, and Columbia University Medical Center.
Emergent themes identified factors that influenced healthcare delivery at the institutional, provider, and patient levels.
Most frequently reported barriers included a lack of formal protocols for communicating and offering psychosocial resources to patients (institutional), lack of vital staff such as, social workers and patient navigators (institutional), time constraints (provider), and stigma regarding mental health care (patient).
Most frequently cited facilitators to delivering psychosocial care included having a trained social worker on staff (institutional), awareness of psychosocial needs (provider), and engagement (patient).
Our findings highlight opportunities to improve the provision of psychosocial care for adults with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) at multiple levels.
Environmental impact assessment and conservation planning of a Middle‐Eastern River basin using a fish‐based tolerance index
Authors: Zare Shahraki Mojgan , Fathi Pejman , Ebrahimi Dorche Eisa , Flotemersch Joseph , Blocksom Karen , Stribling James , Bruder Andreas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe tolerance of aquatic organisms to stressors is widely used to monitor and evaluate the condition of freshwater ecosystems. Tolerance values (TV) derived from analyses of the relationship between species and their environment are considered to be more objective than those that rely on expert opinion. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to derive a generalized stressor gradient based on physicochemical characteristics and physical habitat quality and structure. Scores of the first principal component axis (PC1) were used to estimate TV for 37 fish species collected from 54 sites in the Karun River basin, Iran. PCA of 17 variables identified stressors that were influential such as total phosphate, total nitrogen, total coliform, and habitat and morphological score. The species were separated into three categories on the stressor gradient: sensitive (18.9%), semi‐tolerant (48.6%), and tolerant species (32.4%). Based on these results we developed the Karun Fish Tolerance Index (KFTI) and demonstrated that it performed well in separating the least, moderate, and most disturbed sites in the study area. The discrimination efficiency of the KFTI was 82.5%, which makes it a robust management tool for the protection and conservation of streams and rivers in the Karun River watershed. TV developed here reflect objective characteristics of the sensitivity of fish species to the predominant stressors in the Karun and similar systems.
Engineering High Voltage Aqueous Aluminum‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hu Erhai , Jia Bei‐Er , Zhu Qiang , Xu Jianwei , Loh Xian Jun , Chen Jian , Pan Hongge , Yan Qingyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe energy transition to renewables necessitates innovative storage solutions beyond the capacities of lithium‐ion batteries. Aluminum‐ion batteries (AIBs), particularly their aqueous variants (AAIBs), have emerged as potential successors due to their abundant resources, electrochemical advantages, and eco‐friendliness. However, they grapple with achieving their theoretical voltage potential, often yielding less than expected. This perspective article provides a comprehensive examination of the voltage challenges faced by AAIBs, attributing gaps to factors such as the aluminum reduction potential, hydrogen evolution reaction, and aluminum's inherent passivation. Through a critical exploration of methodologies, strategies, such as underpotential deposition, alloying, interface enhancements, tailored electrolyte compositions, and advanced cathode design, are proposed. This piece seeks to guide researchers in harnessing the full potential of AAIBs in the global energy storage landscape.
Some benefits of standardisation for conditional extremes
Authors: Rohrbeck Christian , Tawn Jonathan A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA key aspect where extreme values methods differ from standard statistical models is through having asymptotic theory to provide a theoretical justification for the nature of the models used for extrapolation. In multivariate extremes, many different asymptotic theories have been proposed, partly as a consequence of the lack of ordering property with vector random variables. One class of multivariate models, based on conditional limit theory as one variable becomes extreme has received wide practical usage. The underpinning value of this approach has been supported by further theoretical characterisations of the limiting relationships. However, the paper “Conditional extreme value models: fallacies and pitfalls” by Holger Drees and Anja Janßen provides a number of counterexamples to these results. This paper studies these counterexamples in a conditional extremes framework which involves marginal standardisation to a common exponentially decaying tailed marginal distribution. Our calculations show that some of the issues identified can be addressed in this way.
Demountable composite beams for a circular economy: Large‐scale beam tests
Authors: Kozma András , Yang Jie , Ahmad Adil , Odenbreit Christoph 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe circular economy approach has been introduced to the construction sector to design out waste, reduce carbon emissions and energy use in production of primary materials and achieve resource efficiency. ‘Design for deconstruction’ is increasingly important for a sustainable economy, especially for composite structure that is deemed as resource‐efficient in the first cycle of use. With this background, research has been conducted to facilitate the use of demountable composite beams in steel‐framed structures. This article presents the results of two 6 m full‐scale composite beam tests with prefabricated composite slabs. Demountable shear connectors were used, which have been newly developed within the frame of an EU project. The nominal degree of shear connection of the composite beam specimens was 0.37, which was slightly below the required 0.4 specified in EN1994‐1‐1 for welded shear studs. Based on the experimental observations, it can be demonstrated that (1) the tested demountable composite beam produced higher resistance but lower stiffness values than a comparable reference composite beam with welded shear studs; (2) the beam specimens showed a good plastic behaviour with high ductility despite the non‐ductile nature of the applied demountable shear connectors. Remarks on the demountability of the developed demountable composite beams are provided.
Sustainability and Competition Law in Switzerland
Authors: Cau Johana , Telychko Alexandra 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the intersection between sustainable development and Swiss competition law. It considers the impact of sustainable development initiatives on competition and their justification on environmental grounds, in particular under Article 5(2) of the Swiss Cartel Act. It describes Switzerland's commitment to sustainable development in line with the global sustainable development goals. Although Swiss competition law does not contain explicit provisions on sustainable development, it is guided by constitutional principles. The chapter analyses specific cases, highlighting the interaction between sustainability and the application of competition law, whether as a defensive "shield" or as a challenging "sword" against anti-competitive behaviour in the context of sustainability initiatives. While there has been a limited focus on sustainability cases in Swiss competition law, recent legal developments in the areas of public procurement and sustainable finance demonstrate the growing importance that Switzerland attaches to sustainability objectives.
Sustainability and Competition Law in the United Kingdom
Authors: Holmes Simon , Kar Nicole , Cunningham Lucinda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe interaction of competition law and sustainability has been a live question for the UK government and the UK’s Competition and Markets Authority (‘CMA’) in recent times. With the hosting of COP26 in Glasgow in 2021, the fight against climate change concerns has benefitted from renewed political will. PLease note this will follow by email on 12.10.23
Sustainability and Intellectual Property in Malta
Authors: Mifsud Philip , Muscat Sasha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn Malta, intellectual property (hereinafter referred to as ‘IP’) is regulated by various laws both at EU level—either through transposition or else by virtue of their direct applicability—as well as locally. For the purposes of responding to the questionnaire, we have focussed on the local legislative framework and local landscape (save where we have felt it necessary to expand our response to include the EU). The ‘main’ laws regulating IP in Malta are the Copyright Act (Chapter 415 of the Laws of Malta), the Trademarks Act (Chapter 416 of the Laws of Malta), the Patents and Designs Act (Chapter 417 of the Laws of Malta), the Intellectual Property Rights (cross-border measures) Act (Chapter 414 of the Laws of Malta), the Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights (Regulation) Act (Chapter 488 of the Laws of Malta), the Trade Secrets Act (Chapter 589 of the Laws of Malta) and the Commercial Code (Chapter 13 of the Laws of Malta). Additionally, Malta is also a party to various international treaties, conventions and agreements including the World Trade Organisation’s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), the Berne Convention, the Patent Cooperation Treaty, the European Patent Convention and the Unified Patent Court and Regulation.
Sustainability and Intellectual Property in Sweden
Authors: Zeitlin Martin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntellectual property (IP) is considered to be of major importance in the modern economy and is, as a rule, a prerequisite for the dynamic development of culture, technology, and economic prosperity. It is not clear what role IP has in the pressing global issue of sustainability and the green transition and if it, for that matter, even should have a certain role. This chapter briefly addresses this matter from a Swedish IP perspective.
Sustainability and Competition Law in Austria
Authors: Kubat Adrian , Tokić Adnan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSustainability and environmental protection are the pressing questions of our time. Austrian competition law keeps pace with these issues and addresses them under the light of both antitrust and unfair competition law. Suitably, the amendment of the Austrian Cartel Act in 2021 took account of environmentally sustainable and carbon-neutral economies within its exemption provision, which led to a remarkable novelty in antitrust law. Beyond that, Austrian case law delt with environmental advertising in the light of unfair competition law and established a strict standard for the assessment of advertisements containing catchwords such as "organic" or "climate neutral".
Sustainability and Intellectual Property in Switzerland
Authors: Huguenin-Elie Eugenia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith respect to sustainable development, Intellectual Property can represent either a critical incentive or a hindrance to innovation and creativity. However, the purpose of this report is to go beyond the positions of principle and to underline the current and prospective Intellectual Property protection and uses that would create positive impact to achieve sustainability. The role of Intellectual Property in sustainable development shall therefore be global: tackling challenges in relation to biodiversity, traditional knowledge, climate change, transfer of clean technologies, agrobiotechnology and food security shall be the focus. This contribution aims at discussing the role of Intellectual Property regulations and/or other measures taken or proposed in Switzerland to encourage sustainable enterprises and innovations. We will provide an overview of the different Intellectual Property rights protected under Swiss law and their respective/current role in sustainability (Sect. 20.2) as well as of the measures and initiatives leading to cooperation, transfer of technology or knowledge offered in Switzerland (Sect. 20.3). Overall, if there is still room for improvement, Switzerland and the Swiss Intellectual Property Office have undertaken effective steps to implement and contribute to the realisation of the sustainable development goals, especially by encouraging the dissemination of innovation and knowledge.
Multiple circulating forms of neprilysin detected with novel epitope-directed monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Ling Samantha S. M. , Lilyanna Shera , Ng Jessica Y. X. , Chong Jenny P. C. , Lin Qifeng , Yong Xin Ee , Lim Teck Kwang , Lin Qingsong , Richards A. Mark , Liew Oi Wah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNeprilysin (NEP) is an emerging biomarker for various diseases including heart failure (HF). However, major inter-assay inconsistency in the reported concentrations of circulating NEP and uncertainty with respect to its correlations with type and severity of disease are in part attributed to poorly characterized antibodies supplied in commercial ELISA kits. Validated antibodies with well-defined binding footprints are critical for understanding the biological and clinical context of NEP immunoassay data. To achieve this, we applied in silico epitope prediction and rational peptide selection to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against spatially distant sites on NEP. One of the selected epitopes contained published N-linked glycosylation sites at N285 and N294. The best antibody pair, mAb 17E11 and 31E1 (glycosylation-sensitive), were characterized by surface plasmon resonance, isotyping, epitope mapping, and western blotting. A validated two-site sandwich NEP ELISA with a limit of detection of 2.15 pg/ml and working range of 13.1–8000 pg/ml was developed with these mAbs. Western analysis using a validated commercial polyclonal antibody (PE pAb) and our mAbs revealed that non-HF and HF plasma NEP circulates as a heterogenous mix of moieties that possibly reflect proteolytic processing, post-translational modifications and homo-dimerization. Both our mAbs detected a ~ 33 kDa NEP fragment which was not apparent with PE pAb, as well as a common ~ 57–60 kDa moiety. These antibodies exhibit different affinities for the various NEP targets. Immunoassay results are dependent on NEP epitopes variably detected by the antibody pairs used, explaining the current discordant NEP measurements derived from different ELISA kits.
Optimization of the pick-and-place sequence of a bimanual collaborative robot in an industrial production line
Authors: Borrell Jorge , Perez-Vidal Carlos , Segura Jose Vicente 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on optimising pick-and-place tasks performed by a dual-arm collaborative robot in a specific shoe manufacturing industry environment. The robot must identify the pieces of a shoe placed on a tray, pick them up, and place them in a shoe mold for further processing. The shoe pieces arrive on the tray in random positions and angles and can be picked up in a different order. Optimising these tasks could increase the assembly speed of each unit and improve shoe production. To achieve this goal, a mathematical model based on binary integer linear programming (BILP) has been developed. This model determines the optimal sequence for picking and placing the shoe pieces in the mold, thus minimising the time required for picking and decision-making. The effectiveness of this approach has been tested using two 3-piece unit shoe models: one for training and another for validation. These models encompass a total of 500 trays. An analysis of the results reveals that BILP offers advantages for task motion planning in complex environments with multiple trajectories and the potential for collisions between arms. The model’s generalizability to shoes with n assembly pieces further confirms its robustness for various piece counts.
Parametric investigation of ultrashort pulsed laser surface texturing on aluminium alloy 7075 for hydrophobicity enhancement
Authors: Cholkar Abhijit , Chatterjee Suman , Jose Feljin , O’Connor Robert , McCarthy Éanna , Weston Nick , Kinahan David , Brabazon Dermot 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydrophobicity plays a pivotal role in mitigating surface fouling, corrosion, and icing in critical marine and aerospace environments. By employing ultrafast laser texturing, the characteristic properties of a material’s surface can be modified. This work investigates the potential of an advanced ultrafast laser texturing manufacturing process to enhance the hydrophobicity of aluminium alloy 7075. The surface properties were characterized using goniometry, 3D profilometry, SEM, and XPS analysis. The findings from this study show that the laser process parameters play a crucial role in the manufacturing of the required surface structures. Numerical optimization with response surface optimization was conducted to maximize the contact angle on these surfaces. The maximum water contact angle achieved was 142º, with an average height roughness (Sa) of 0.87 ± 0.075 µm, maximum height roughness (Sz) of 19.4 ± 2.12 µm, and texture aspect ratio of 0.042. This sample was manufactured with the process parameters of 3W laser power, 0.08 mm hatch distance, and a 3 mm/s scan speed. This study highlights the importance of laser process parameters in the manufacturing of the required surface structures and presents a parametric modeling approach that can be used to optimize the laser process parameters to obtain a specific surface morphology and hydrophobicity.