bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal barrier biomarkers in clinical evaluation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Mogilevski Tamara , Nguyen Anke L. , Ajamian Mary , Smith Rebecca , Rosella Sam , Sparrow Miles P. , Moore Gregory T. , Gibson Peter R. 
Published: February 2024

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with chronic intestinal barrier dysfunction, though its non-invasive assessment remains challenging. This study aimed to determine how four putative circulating markers vary across differing states of intestinal inflammation and with therapy in patients with IBD.

Methods
Plasma samples from one prospective cross-sectional and four longitudinal studies, including healthy controls, were analysed for markers of lipopolysaccharide translocation, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and soluble-CD14 (sCD14), and markers of epithelial injury, syndecan-1 and intestinal-type fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP). Inflammatory activity was determined using objective measures.

Results
Compared with healthy subjects, concentrations of LBP and sCD14 were higher in patients with active (P < 0.001) and severe ulcerative colitis (UC) (P < 0.0001) and active Crohn’s disease (CD) (P < 0.001). In UC in remission, LBP was less than in active disease (P = 0.011) LBP levels decreased longitudinally before and after induction of medical therapy in patients with IBD (P = 0.030) and as severe UC was brought into remission at weeks 2 and 12 (P ≤ 0.022). Response to treatment was associated with higher baseline levels of LBP (P = 0.019) and soluble-CD14 (P = 0.014). Concentrations of syndecan-1 and IFABP were or tended to be lower in UC and CD in active disease and did not change with successful therapy.

Conclusion
While markers of epithelial injury were subnormal with active disease and did not change with therapy, markers of lipopolysaccharide translocation directly reflected intestinal inflammation, reduced with successful therapy and predicted treatment response.
Negative pressure plmonary oedema after adenotonsillectom: a case report and litrature review
Authors: Befikadu Aynalem , Timerga Sara , Mihretu Fasil , Wonte Mesay Milkias 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Negative pressure pulmonary is a non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema that can occur after reliving of upper airway obstruction. It is life threatening clinical scenario developed due to increase intrathoracic pressure during marked inspiratory effort against a closed glottis.

Case presentation:
A successful adenotonsillectomy was done for a healthy 12-year-old, 33 kg male patient and transferred to post-anaesthesia care unit. In the unit the patient developed signs and symptoms of negative pressure pulmonary oedema so he was treated with diuretics and oxygen while restricting fluid. However, the dyspnoea was persisted so he was transferred to ICU.

Clinical discussion:
This case report shows the development of negative pressure pulmonary oedema after adenotonsillectomy. In this report the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and prognosis of negative pressure pulmonary oedema after adenotonsillectomy was discussed in detail with citing updated evidences.

Conclusions:
Post-extubation pulmonary oedema can occur after reliving of chronic air obstruction. Usually it occur within 5 min after reliving the obstruction but it can occur at any time. All healthcare professionals must be knowledgeable about clinical presentation and managements of negative pressure pulmonary oedema.
Treatment Rates for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a Metropolitan Area: Observational Cohort Analysis
Authors: Dixon Brian E. , Price John , Valvi Nimish R. , Allen Katie S. , Heumann Christine L. , Titus Melissa K. , Duszynski Thomas J. , Wiensch Ashley , Tao Guoyu 
Published: February 2024

Background

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) are the 2 most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regularly publishes and updates STI Treatment Guidelines. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare treatment rates for CT and GC among public and private providers.

Methods
Data from multiple sources, including electronic health records and Medicaid claims, were linked and integrated. Cases observed during 2016–2020 were defined based on positive laboratory results. We calculated descriptive statistics and odd ratios based on characteristics of providers and patients, stratifying by public versus private providers. Univariate logistic regression models were used to examine the factors associated with recommended treatment.

Results
Overall, we found that 82.2% and 63.0% of initial CT and GC episodes, respectively, received Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–recommended treatment. The public STI clinic treated more than 90% of CT and GC cases consistently across the 5-year period. Private providers were significantly less likely to treat first episodes for CT (79.6%) and GC (53.3%; P < 0.01). Other factors associated with a higher likelihood of recommended treatment included being male, being HIV positive, and identifying as Black or multiracial. Among GC cases, 10.8% received nonrecommended treatment; all CT cases with treatment occurred per guidelines.

Conclusions
Although these treatment rates are higher than previous studies, there remain significant gaps in STI treatment that require intervention from public health.
Partying in Thailand: Never Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Attend Sexualized (Drug) Parties
Authors: Cheung Doug H. , Samoh Nattharat , Jonas Kai , Lim Sin How , Kongjareon Yamol , Guadamuz Thomas E. 
Published: February 2024

Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing for Thai men who have sex with men (MSM) is suboptimal, which undermines their linkage to care and subsequent HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake.

Methods
We analyzed a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2021 among Thai MSM who attended any private sex parties or circuit parties in the past 3 years (“sexualized parties”).

Results
Of the 424 men included in our analysis, 47.6% had been recently tested for HIV in the past 1 year, 30.2% had not recently been tested, and 22.2% had never been tested. In our multivariable analysis, relative to participants who had recently tested for HIV, those who have never tested were more likely to have lower education or to live outside of Bangkok, and to have attended both circuit and private sex parties (vs. private sex party only) but were less likely to report any sexually transmitted infection diagnosis or to have heard of PrEP. Participants who had an HIV test more than a year ago were more likely to have attended both circuit and private sex parties (vs. private sex parties only) but were less likely to have any sexually transmitted infection diagnosis, meet sexual partners online, or have heard of PrEP. Rates of condomless anal sex and willingness to use PrEP were similar across groups.

Conclusions
Despite the high rates of sexual risk-taking, sexualized party attendees reported suboptimal HIV testing uptake. The joint promotion of HIV testing and PrEP is warranted—especially on-premise HIV testing at circuit parties and outreach at online platforms to reach sexualized party attendees.
Asymptomatic and Subclinical Mpox: An Association With Modified Vaccinia Ankara Vaccine
Authors: Golden Matthew R. , Soge Olusegun O. , Mills Margaret , Berzkalns Anna , Cannon Chase , Ramchandani Meena , Dombrowski Julia C. , Karmarkar Ellora N. , Chow Eric J. , Gov Jolene P. , Swenson Paul , Greninger Alexander L. 
Published: February 2024

Background
How often mpox causes asymptomatic infections, particularly among persons who have received the Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vaccine, is unknown.

Methods
We performed mpox polymerase chain reaction testing on rectal and pharyngeal specimens collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients at a sexual health clinic in Seattle, WA, between May 2022 and May 2023. Analyses evaluated the prevalence of asymptomatic or subclinical infection and, among persons with polymerase chain reaction–positive tests, the association of MVA vaccination status with the symptomatic infection.

Results
The study population included 1663 persons tested for mpox during 2353 clinic visits. Ninety-three percent of study participants were cisgender men and 96% were men who have sex with men. A total of 198 symptomatic patients (30%) had a first mpox-positive test during 664 visits. Eighteen patients (1.1%) tested during 1689 visits had asymptomatic or subclinical mpox based on a positive rectal or pharyngeal test done in the absence of testing done because of clinical suspicion for mpox. Fourteen (78%) of 18 persons with asymptomatic/subclinical mpox and 53 (26%) of 198 persons with symptomatic mpox had received at least 1 dose of the MVA vaccine (P < 0.0001). Controlling for calendar month, study subjects who received 1 and 2 doses of MVA vaccine were 4.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.3–15) and 11.9 (3.6–40) times more likely to have asymptomatic versus symptomatic mpox, respectively, than persons who were unvaccinated.

Conclusions
Asymptomatic mpox is uncommon. Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccination is associated with an asymptomatic/subclinical infection among persons with mpox.
Trends in Chlamydia trachomatis Treatment Prescribing Practices in King County, Washington, 2010–2018
Authors: Brase Piper R. , Dombrowski Julia C. , Berzkalns Anna , Manhart Lisa E. , Golden Matthew R. , Khosropour Christine M. 
Published: February 2024

Background
In 2021, national Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) treatment guidelines changed from recommending either azithromycin (1 g; single dose) or doxycycline (100 mg twice daily for 7 days) to recommending only doxycycline as first-line treatment. The distribution and trends in CT prescribing practices before the guidelines change is largely unknown.

Methods
We conducted a trends analysis using Washington STD surveillance data. We included all female cases of urogenital CT 15 years or older who resided in King County and were diagnosed between 2010 and 2018. Surveillance data included information on demographics, sexual history, clinical features, diagnosing facility (eg, emergency department, family planning), and treatment regimen. We conducted descriptive analyses to examine trends in prescribing practices over time and by facility type. We used Poisson regression to examine the association between CT case characteristics and receipt of receipt of azithromycin.

Results
There were 36,830 cases of female urogenital CT during the study period. The percent of cases receiving azithromycin increased significantly from 86% in 2010 to 94% in 2018; the percent receiving doxycycline decreased from 13% to 5%. Five of the 8 facility types prescribed azithromycin to >95% of CT cases by 2018. Cases who were younger or cases of color were more likely to receive azithromycin (versus doxycycline) compared with older and White cases, respectively.

Conclusions
A substantial shift in CT prescribing practices will be needed to adhere to new CT treatment guidelines. Our findings highlight the need for targeted provider education and training to encourage the transition to doxycycline use.
Assessing the Validity of the Social Impact Scale Among a Longitudinal Cohort of Adolescents and Young Adults Living With Perinatally Acquired HIV
Authors: Poku Ohemaa , Attoh-Okine Naa-Djama , Corbeil Thomas , Chen Ying , Kluisza Luke , Ahmed Afifa , Liotta Lucy , Morrison Corey , Dolezal Curtis , Robbins Reuben N. , Mellins Claude A. 
Published: February 2024

Background:With few psychometrically evaluated HIV-related stigma measures for adolescents and young adults living with HIV, we examined the developmental applicability (ie, validity) of 2 subscales of the commonly used stigma measure, the Social Impact Scale, among a cohort of adolescents and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV.Setting:Data were obtained from a New York City longitudinal study (N = 340). This study primarily comprised Black and Latinx adolescents and young adults with either perinatally acquired HIV or those with perinatal exposure but who are uninfected. Data for this analysis were obtained from the population with perinatally acquired HIV and spanned approximately a 15-year survey period (2003–2018).Methods:A confirmatory factor analysis was used at 7 time points to assess whether the Social Rejection and Internalized Shame subscales were consistent in this cohort over time. Overall and individual Cronbach alphas were reported to show the strength of the internal consistency.Results:The mean age from baseline to follow-up 6 ranged from 12 to 23 years over the study period. The Social Rejection subscale was acceptably valid across follow-up periods with strong factor loadings and Cronbach alphas higher than 0.70. However, the Internalized Shame subscale was less valid among younger adolescents. Starting at follow-up 2, we observed better validity with the Internalized Shame subscale performance.Conclusion:Future research must consider mechanisms for developing and adapting measures from a developmental perspective to best measure the experiences of HIV-related stigma among younger populations.
FDG PET/CT Imaging of Liver and Spleen Histiocytic Sarcoma
Authors: Gan Meifu , He Xiaoxiao , Zheng Xiaohe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma is a tumor of the lymphohematopoietic system characterized by macrophage morphology and immunophenotype. Here, we report FDG PET/CT images of a 50-year-old man with coexisting histiocytic sarcoma of the liver and spleen. Images showed multiple enhanced uptake lesions of FDG in both the liver and spleen. Ultimately, histiocytic sarcoma was confirmed by the biopsy histopathology.
Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring and Mapping During Surgery on Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Seidel Kathleen , Deletis Vedran , Raabe Andreas , Lutz Katharina , Schucht Philippe 
Published: February 2024

Summary:
Surgical resection of intramedullary spinal cord tumors carries significant risks of neurologic deficits, especially in cases of infiltrative tumors. In pediatric patients, this type of surgery may be associated with a high risk of poor neurologic outcome. Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring has been adopted as part of the clinical routine by many centers as a useful adjunct for intraoperative assessment of neurologic integrity. To what extent intraoperative neurophysiologic mapping strategies may further support intraoperative decision-making is still a matter of debate. Here, we report on a small cohort of five pediatric patients in whom mapping with the double-train paradigm was used to identify the dorsal column and corticospinal tract and to guide the surgical resection. We also discuss the possible benefits and challenges regarding the available literature.
Sf3b4mutation inXenopus tropicaliscauses RNA splicing defects followed by massive gene dysregulation that disrupt cranial neural crest development
Authors: Griffin Casey , Coppenrath Kelsey , Khan Doha , Lin Ziyan , Horb Marko , Saint-Jeannet Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNager syndrome is a rare craniofacial and limb disorder characterized by midface retrusion, micrognathia, absent thumbs, and radial hypoplasia. This disorder results from haploinsufficiency of SF3B4 (splicing factor 3b, subunit 4) a component of the pre-mRNA spliceosomal machinery. The spliceosome is a complex of RNA and proteins that function together to remove introns and join exons from transcribed pre-mRNA. While the spliceosome is present and functions in all cells of the body, most spliceosomopathies – including Nager syndrome – are cell/tissue-specific in their pathology. In Nager syndrome patients, it is the neural crest (NC)-derived craniofacial skeletal structures that are primarily affected. To understand the pathomechanism underlying this condition, we generated aXenopus tropicalis sf3b4mutant line using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. Here we describe thesf3b4mutant phenotype at neurula, tail bud, and tadpole stages, and performed temporal RNA-sequencing analysis to characterize the splicing events and transcriptional changes underlying this phenotype. Our data show that while loss of one copy ofsf3b4is largely inconsequential inXenopus tropicalis, homozygous deletion ofsf3b4causes major splicing defects and massive gene dysregulation, which disrupt cranial NC cell migration and survival, thereby pointing at an essential role of Sf3b4 in craniofacial development.
Generation and analysis of a mouse multi-tissue genome annotation atlas
Authors: Adams Matthew , Vollmers Christopher 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGenerating an accurate and complete genome annotation for an organism is complex because the cells within each tissue can express a unique set of transcript isoforms from a unique set of genes. A comprehensive genome annotation should contain information on what tissues express what transcript isoforms at what level. This tissue-level isoform information can then inform a wide range of research questions as well as experiment designs. Long-read sequencing technology combined with advanced full-length cDNA library preparation methods has now achieved throughput and accuracy where generating these types of annotations is achievable.Here, we show this by generating a genome annotation of the mouse (Mus musculus). We used the nanopore-based R2C2 long-read sequencing method to generate 64 million highly accurate full length cDNA consensus reads - averaging 5.4 million reads per tissue for a dozen tissues. Using the Mandalorion tool we processed these reads to generate theTissue-levelAtlas ofMouseIsoforms (TAMI - available athttps://genome.ucsc.edu/s/vollmers/TAMI) which we believe will be a valuable complement to conventional, manually curated reference genome annotations.
Task Activation Results in Regional13C-Lactate Signal Increase in the Human Brain
Authors: Uthayakumar Biranavan , Cappelletto Nicole I.C. , Bragagnolo Nadia D. , Chen Albert P. , Ma Nathan , Perks William J. , Endre Ruby , Tam Fred , Graham Simon J. , Heyn Chris , Keshari Kayvan R. , Soliman Hany , Cunningham Charles H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHyperpolarized-13C magnetic resonance imaging (HP-13C MRI) was used to image changes in13C-lactate signal during a visual stimulus condition in comparison to an eyes-closed control condition. Whole-brain13C-pyruvate,13C-lactate and13C-bicarbonate production was imaged in healthy volunteers (N=6, ages 24-33) for the two conditions using two separate hyperpolarized13C-pyruvate injections. BOLD-fMRI scans were used to delineate regions of functional activation.13C-metabolite signal was normalized by13C-metabolite signal from the brainstem and the percentage change in13C-metabolite signal conditions was calculated. A one-way Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a significant increase in13C-lactate in regions of activation when compared to the remainder of the brain (p= 0.02, V = 21). No significant increase was observed in13C-pyruvate (p= 0.11, V = 17) or13C-bicarbonate (p= 0.95, V = 3) signal. The results show an increase in13C-lactate production in the activated region that is measurable with HP-13C MRI.
Curing of a field strain ofSalmonella entericaserovar Infantis isolated from poultry from its highly stable pESI like plasmid
Authors: Gruzdev Nadia , Katz Chen , Yadid Itamar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSalmonella entericaserovar Infantis (S. Infantis) is an important emerging pathogen, associated with poultry and poultry products and related to an increasing number of human infections in many countries. A concerning trend amongS. Infantis isolates is the presence of plasmid-mediated multi-drug resistance. In many instances, the genes responsible for this resistance are carried on a megaplasmid known as the plasmid of emergingS. Infantis (pESI) or pESI like plasmids. Plasmids can be remarkably stable due to the presence of multiple replicons and post-segregational killing systems (PSKs), which contribute to their maintenance within bacterial populations. To enhance our understanding ofS. Infantis and its multidrug resistance determinants toward the development of new vaccination strategies, we have devised a method for targeted plasmid curing. This approach effectively overcomes plasmid addiction by leveraging the temporal overproduction of specific antitoxins coupled with the deletion of the partition region. By employing this strategy, we successfully generated a plasmid-free strain from a field isolate derived fromS. Infantis 119944.This method provides valuable tools for studyingS. Infantis and its plasmid-borne multidrug resistance mechanisms.
Virial coefficients of the uniform electron gas from path-integral Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Röpke G. , Dornheim T. , Vorberger J. , Blaschke D. , Mahato B. 
Published: February 2024

The properties of plasmas in the low-density limit are described by virial expansions. Analytical expressions are known from Green's function approaches only for the first three virial coefficients. Accurate path-integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) simulations have recently been performed for the uniform electron gas, allowing the virial expansions to be analyzed and interpolation formulas to be derived. The exact expression for the second virial coefficient is used to test the accuracy of the PIMC simulations and the range of validity of the interpolation formula of Groth [], and we discuss the fourth virial coefficient, which is not exactly known yet. Combining PIMC simulations with benchmarks from exact virial expansion results would allow us to obtain more accurate representations of the equation of state for parameter ranges of conditions which are of interest, e.g., for helioseismology.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
COVID-19-related accounting disclosures in the financial statements: evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Karim Md Rezaul , Reza Mohammed Moin Uddin , Shetu Samia Afrin 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore COVID-19-related accounting disclosures using sociological disclosure analysis (SDA) within the context of the developing economy of Bangladesh.

Design/methodology/approach
COVID-19-related accounting disclosures from listed banks’ annual reports have been examined using three levels of SDA: textual, contextual and sociological interpretations. Data were gathered from the banks’ 2019 and 2020 annual reports. The study uses the legitimacy theory as its theoretical framework.

Findings
The research reveals a substantial shift in corporate disclosures due to COVID-19, marked by a significant increase from 2019 to 2020. Despite regulatory and professional directives for COVID-19-specific disclosures, notable non-compliance is evident in subsequent events, going concern, fair value, financial instruments and more. Instead of assessing the implications of COVID-19 and making disclosures, companies used positive, vague and subjective wording to legitimize non-disclosure.

Practical implications
The study’s insights can inform regulators and policymakers in crafting effective guidelines for future crisis-related reporting like COVID-19. The research adds to the literature by methodologically using SDA to explore pandemic-specific disclosures, uncovering the interplay between disclosures, legitimacy and stakeholder engagement.

Originality/value
This study represents a pioneering effort in investigating COVID-19-specific disclosures. Moreover, it uses the SDA methodology along with the legitimacy theory to analyze accounting disclosures associated with COVID-19.