bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of iguratimod in the treatment of rheumatic and autoimmune diseases: a meta-analysis and systematic review of 84 randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zeng Liuting , He Qi , Deng Ying , Li Yuwei , Chen Junpeng , Yang Kailin , Luo Yanfang , Ge Anqi , Zhu Xiaofei , Long Zhiyong , Sun Lingyun 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To evaluate efficacy and safety of iguratimod (IGU) in the treatment of rheumatic and autoimmune diseases.Methods: Databases such as Pubmed, Embase, Sinomed were searched (as of July 2022) to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of IGU in the treatment of rheumatic and autoimmune diseases. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias of the included literature, and performed meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 software.Results: A total of 84 RCTs and 4 types of rheumatic and autoimmune diseases [rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), primary Sjögren’s syndrome (PSS) and Autoimmune disease with interstitial pneumonia]. Forty-three RCTs reported RA and showed that IGU + MTX therapy can improve ACR20 (RR 1.45 [1.14, 1.84], p = 0.003), ACR50 (RR 1.80 [1.43, 2.26], p &lt; 0.0000), ACR70 (RR 1.84 [1.27, 2.67], p = 0.001), DAS28 (WMD −1.11 [−1.69, −0.52], p = 0.0002), reduce ESR (WMD −11.05 [−14.58, −7.51], p &lt; 0.00001), CRP (SMD −1.52 [−2.02, −1.02], p &lt; 0.00001), RF (SMD −1.65 [−2.48, −0.82], p &lt; 0.0001), and have a lower incidence of adverse events (RR 0.84 [0.78, 0.91], p &lt; 0.00001) than the control group. Nine RCTs reported AS and showed that IGU can decrease the BASDAI score (SMD −1.62 [−2.20, −1.05], p &lt; 0.00001), BASFI score (WMD −1.07 [−1.39, −0.75], p &lt; 0.00001), VAS (WMD −2.01 [−2.83, −1.19], p &lt; 0.00001), inflammation levels (decreasing ESR, CRP and TNF-α). Thirty-two RCTs reported PSS and showed that IGU can reduce the ESSPRI score (IGU + other therapy group: WMD −1.71 [−2.44, −0.98], p &lt; 0.00001; IGU only group: WMD −2.10 [−2.40, −1.81], p &lt; 0.00001) and ESSDAI score (IGU + other therapy group: WMD −1.62 [−2.30, −0.94], p &lt; 0.00001; IGU only group: WMD −1.51 [−1.65, −1.37], p &lt; 0.00001), inhibit the inflammation factors (reduce ESR, CRP and RF) and increase Schirmer’s test score (IGU + other therapy group: WMD 2.18 [1.76, 2.59], p &lt; 0.00001; IGU only group: WMD 1.55 [0.35, 2.75], p = 0.01); The incidence of adverse events in IGU group was also lower than that in control group (IGU only group: RR 0.66 [0.48, 0.98], p = 0.01). Three RCTs reported Autoimmune disease with interstitial pneumonia and showed that IGU may improve lung function.Conclusion: Based on current evidence, IGU may be a safe and effective therapy for RA, AS, PSS and autoimmune diseases with interstitial pneumonia.Systematic Review Registration: (CRD42021289489).
Discovery of potential WEE1 inhibitors via hybrid virtual screening
Authors: Jin Tingting , Xu Wei , Chen Roufen , Shen Liteng , Gao Jian , Xu Lei , Chi Xinglong , Lin Nengming , Zhou Lixin , Shen Zheyuan , Zhang Bo 
Published: December 2023

G2/M cell cycle checkpoint protein WEE1 kinase is a promising target for inhibiting tumor growth. Although various WEE1 inhibitors have entered clinical investigations, their therapeutic efficacy and safety profile remain unsatisfactory. In this study, we employed a comprehensive virtual screening workflow, which included Schrödinger-Glide molecular docking at different precision levels, as well as the utilization of tools such as MM/GBSA and Deepdock to predict the binding affinity between targets and ligands, in order to identify potential WEE1 inhibitors. Out of ten molecules screened, 50% of these molecules exhibited strong inhibitory activity against WEE1. Among them, compounds 4 and 5 showed excellent inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 1.069 and 3.77 nM respectively, which was comparable to AZD1775. Further investigations revealed that compound 4 displayed significant anti-proliferative effects in A549, PC9, and HuH-7 cells and could also induce apoptosis and G1 phase arrest in PC9 cells. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations unveiled the binding details of compound 4 with WEE1, notably the crucial hydrogen bond interactions formed with Cys379. In summary, this comprehensive virtual screening workflow, combined with in vitro testing and computational modeling, holds significant importance in the development of promising WEE1 inhibitors.
Metabolic adaptation of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum during air exposure and the positive effects of sodium nitroprusside pretreatment
Authors: Zheng Zhilong , Huo Zhongming , Huang Kaiyue , Jiang Min , Yan Xiwu , Liu Yang , Qin Yanjie 
Published: December 2023

The Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum), as one of the shellfish living in the intertidal zone, is known for its strong ability to withstand air exposure. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of nitric oxide (NO), has been shown to be useful for antioxidant and immune regulation in aquatic animals. In this study, an untargeted metabolomics (LC–MS/MS) technique was employed for the first time in Manila clam to analyze the metabolic and histological impacts after air exposure and the positive effects of SNP pretreatment. During air exposure, a significant increase in taurine, L-glutamate, and several polyunsaturated fatty acids in clams was detected, which indicates that clams may experience inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, and an increase in blood ammonia content. When clams were exposed to SNP for 6 h, arginine, spermine, L-glutamic acid, and glutathione content were all upregulated, indicating that the SNP exposure induced NO production and improved antioxidant capacity in clams. When the clams were exposed to air after SNP pretreatment, there were no significant differences in the levels of taurine, L-glutamate, or aliphatic acids between the experimental and control groups. Gill tissue was more severely damaged in clams directly exposed to air than in those that experienced air exposure after SNP pretreatment, especially in clams exposed to air for a long time (72 h). Both metabolomics and tissue section structure indicated that SNP pretreatment decreased the stress responses caused by air exposure in R. philippinarum. These findings provided fresh insights and a theoretical foundation for understanding the tolerance to air exposure and physiological functions of SNP (or NO) in R. philippinarum.
Virtual reality-assisted assessment of paranoid ideation in forensic psychiatric inpatients: A mixed-methods pilot study
Authors: Hedström Richard , Wallinius Märta , Sygel Kristina , Geraets Chris N. W. 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundReliable and valid assessment of paranoia is important in forensic psychiatry for providing adequate care. VR technology may add to current assessment procedures, as it enables observation within realistic (social) situations resembling the complexity of everyday life. VR constitutes a promising tool within forensics, due to the restricted nature of forensic psychiatric hospitals and ethical challenges arising from observing potentially dangerous behaviors in real life.ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of VR assessment for paranoid ideation in forensic psychiatric inpatients qualitatively by assessing the experiences of patients and a clinician, and to explore how the VR measures relate to established clinical measures.MethodsOne clinician (experienced psychiatrist) and 10 forensic psychiatric inpatients with a history or suspicion of paranoid ideation were included. Patients participated in two immersive VR scenarios (bus and supermarket) during which paranoia was assessed by the clinician. Qualitative interviews were performed with patients and the clinician performing the assessment to investigate experiences and feasibility. Further, measures of paranoia, social anxiety, and positive symptoms were obtained.ResultsNine out of 10 participants with varying levels of paranoid ideation completed the assessment. Manifest inductive content analyses of the interviews revealed general experiences, advantages such as enabling observing participants from a different perspective, and challenges of the VR assessment, such as a lack of objectivity and the laboriousness of the assessment for the clinician. Although more paranoia was experienced during the supermarket scenario, correlates with classical measures were only significant for the bus scenario.DiscussionThe VR assessment was appreciated by most patients and the clinician. Based on our results short, standardized VR assessment scenarios are feasible, however, they do not appear reliable or objective for assessing paranoia. The clinical usefulness is most likely as a collaborative tool and add-on measure to existing methods.
The relationship between music training and cognitive flexibility: an ERP study
Authors: Hao Jiayi , Zhong Yuhuan , Pang Yazhi , Jing Yuanluo , Liu Yong , Li Hong , Li Jianbo , Zheng Maoping 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundMusic training involves several cognitive functions in the brain, particularly executive function. Numerous studies have proven a link between the two. Cognitive flexibility is an important component of executive function, however, there has been little study investigating the association between music training and cognitive flexibility.MethodMusic training (N = 22) and the control groups (N = 26) were included in the present study. A tone-related oddball task was used to investigate the tone-related inhibition and the switch task was to investigate cognitive flexibility. During the switch task, EEG data were collected.ResultsThe behavioral results of the oddball task showed that the individuals in the music training group had a shorter reaction time and higher accuracy in both the between-tone and within-tone categories compared to the controls. The behavioral results of the switch task showed similar results, with the music training group exhibiting better reaction time and accuracy performance than the controls. ERP results showed that the music training group had smaller P3 amplitudes and greater N2 and N450 amplitudes than the control group.DiscussionThe findings further supported the link between music training and enhanced cognitive function.
Social media consumption and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: the mediating effect of physical activity
Authors: Kim Amy Chan Hyung , Du James , Andrew Damon P. S. 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSocial media platforms played a critical role during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore: (1) the changes in social media consumption patterns, physical activity levels/sedentary behavior, and depressive symptoms, and (2) how the changes in social media consumption patterns predict the changes in depressive symptoms while investigating the mediating role of changes in physical activity levels/sedentary behavior between before, and after the COVID-19 lockdown among U.S. adults with different age clusters.MethodsA total of 695 U.S. participants completed an online questionnaire via MTurk, and participants were asked to recall their social media consumption patterns, physical activity/sedentary behavior, depressive symptoms in January and May of 2020 while covariates included non-physical activity health behavior including diet quality, alcohol consumption, smoking, and sleep quality.ResultsThe results of Bayesian significance testing of changes showed that the older participants tended to spend more time with content-focused social media platforms during the lockdown. While significantly increased sitting time was reported by all age clusters, no significant changes were found in activity levels. Additionally, the middle-aged and older participants reported significantly higher depressive symptoms. The findings of a multigroup structural analysis showed the significant mediating effect of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on the relationship between changes in social media consumption and depressive symptoms.DiscussionThis study highlights the need for targeting specific social media platforms for older adults and the importance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity to alleviate the mental health issues resulting from social media consumption. The result of this study also highlights the need for sport-based intervention programs in the future and the need for more social media campaigns at the institution/organization levels established by public health stakeholders and policy makers to promote physical activity and maximize population perception and reach during the pandemic.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate for treating hyperkalemia among Chinese patients
Authors: Tian Lei , Fu Shihui , Li Mengyuan , Zhao Xinrui , Li Hongchao 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesHyperkalemia most commonly develops in chronic kidney disease (CKD) or heart failure (HF) patients. Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) is a new selective potassium (K+) binder for treating hyperkalemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of SZC vs. usual care for the treatment of hyperkalemia among CKD patients or HF patients in China.MethodsIndividual patient microsimulation models were constructed to simulate a CKD cohort until the initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and a HF cohort across the lifetime horizon. K+ levels were based on two phase 3 clinical trials. Health state utility and event incidence rates were retrieved from literature. Drug costs and healthcare utilization costs were obtained from negotiated price, literature, and expert interviews. Costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were both discounted at 5%. The main outcomes were overall costs, QALYs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). The willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold in China is CNY 80,976-242,928/QALY, which is one to three times the gross domestic product per capita. Sensitivity analyses were performed to characterize the models’ uncertainty.ResultsIn the HF cohort, the base case results revealed that SZC was associated with 2.86 QALYs and the total cost was CNY 92671.58; usual care was associated with 1.81 QALYs and CNY 54101.26. In the CKD cohort, SZC was associated with 3.23 QALYs and CNY 121416.82 total cost; usual care was associated with 2.91 QALYs and CNY 111464.57. SZC resulted in an ICER of CNY 36735.87/QALY for the HF cohort and CNY 31181.55/QALY for the CKD cohort, respectively. The one-way and probability sensitivity analyses found that the results were robust.ConclusionSZC is a cost-effective treatment compared to usual care in HF and CKD patients. SZC is an important novel treatment option for managing patients with hyperkalemia in China.
Residential greenness for mitigating impacts of extreme heat events on depression and supporting mental health
Authors: Yang Ying , Zhang Yixin , Sheng Shaojie 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundResidential green spaces (RGS) are a crucial aspect of urban life, which provide residents with a positive living environment both for mental and physical well-being. However, extreme heat events caused by global warming and local urban heat island effects are threatening the public health of rapidly growing populations. This is especially true for mental health. Depression is a mental illness that can be impacted by extreme heat events, i.e., heatwaves.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the potential for residential green spaces (RGS) to alleviate depression by reducing heat stress sensitivity during extreme heat events.MethodsWe conducted a literature review using scientometric analysis with CiteSpace to summarize existing research on the relationships between RGS, depression, and heatwaves. We proposed a conceptual framework for the relationship between RGS and depression, and that extreme heat events may be an important contributor to depression.ResultsOur review found that RGS can provide ecosystem services that lower ambient temperatures through evaporative cooling, radiation reflection, humidity regulation, and shading. Different types of RGS, i.e., small green spaces, green roofs, green walls, and street trees, have varying cooling capacities. The mechanisms by which RGS alleviate depression during heatwaves involve green space composition, exposure, physical activity, social contacts, and cohesion. And we proposed a conceptual framework for the relationship between RGS and depression, and that extreme heat events may be an important contributor to depression.ConclusionWe present a multidimensional RGS evaluation roadmap to inform green space design for reducing depression during heatwaves. Establishing RGS multidimensional evaluation can guide future research on leveraging RGS to build resilience against extreme heat and improve public mental health.
The Role of Neutrophils in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: The Pathogenic Role and Diagnostic Utility of Autoantibodies
Authors: Walulik Agata , Łysak Kinga , Błaszkiewicz Michał , Górecki Ignacy , Gomułka Krzysztof 
Published: December 2023

Recent years have brought progress in understanding the role of the neutrophil, dispelling the dogma of homogeneous cells mainly involved in the prime defence against pathogens, shedding light on their pathogenic role in inflammatory diseases and on the importance of antineutrophil-cytoplasmic antibodies’ pathogenic role in ANCA-associated vasculitides vasculitis (AAV). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3) expressed in neutrophil granulocytes are the most common targets for ANCAs and contribute to the formation of MPO-ANCAs and PR3-ANCAs which, released to the bloodstream, become an excellent diagnostic tool for AAV. In this study, we focus on increasing the clinical and experimental evidence that supports the pathogenic role of ANCAs in AAV. Additionally, we discuss the diagnostic utility of ANCAs for disease activity and prognosis in AAV. Understanding the central role of ANCAs in AAV is crucial for advancing our knowledge of these complex disorders and developing targeted therapeutic strategies in the era of personalized medicine.
High Spin Magnetic Moments in All-3d-Metallic Co-Based Full Heusler Compounds
Authors: Tas Murat , Özdoğan Kemal , Şaşıoğlu Ersoy , Galanakis Iosif 
Published: December 2023

We conduct ab-initio electronic structure calculations to explore a novel category of magnetic Heusler compounds, comprising solely 3d transition metal atoms and characterized by high spin magnetic moments. Specifically, we focus on Co2YZ Heusler compounds, where Y and Z represent transition metal atoms such that the order of the valence is Co > Y > Z. We show that these compounds exhibit a distinctive region of very low density of minority-spin states at the Fermi level when crystallizing in the L21 lattice structure. The existence of this pseudogap leads most of the studied compounds to a Slater–Pauling-type behavior of their total spin magnetic moment. Co2FeMn is the compound that presents the largest total spin magnetic moment in the unit cell reaching a very large value of 9 μB. Our findings suggest that these compounds are exceptionally promising materials for applications in the realms of spintronics and magnetoelectronics.
Assessment of risk factors for osteopenia development in premature babies
Authors: Tsymbal A. Yu. , Kotlova Yu. V. 
Published: December 2023

Neonatal osteopenia (KB 61.3 (ICD-11)) – violation of mineral exchange of bone tissue (BT) of premature babies (PB). Predicting and detection of osteopenia is the key to its successful control.
Aim. The aim of the article was to determine risk factors influencing the formation of neonatal osteopenia of PB and during the term of intensive care / postintensive nursing.
Materials and methods. Ultrasound densitometer Sunlight Omnisense 9000 was used to measure the ultrasound speed in BT (SOS, m/s) with estimation Z-score (SD) according to gestational age of 56 PB and 20 mature babies (control group) in the early neonatal age. Verification of osteopenia was carried out under the WHO guidelines for radiation methods by Z-score indicator less than SD by -1.0. Estimation of Z-score -2.0 SD and less was attributed to ultra-low indicators. The characteristics of obstetric and gynecological, somatic anamnesis and pregnancy course of premature babies’ mothers, factors of PB postnatal development that influence the formation of BT were studied.
Results. Children born at 33 weeks or earlier are 3.23 times more likely (OR = 3.23; CI 95 % [1.08; 9.70]) to develop BT demineralization by the corresponding term of birth than other PB. The chances of ultra-low SOS by Z-score are 14.22 times higher (OR = 14.22; CI 95 % [3.29; 61.57]) in PB born at 32 weeks of gestation and earlier. Extragenital diseases, clinical signs of calcium deficiency in mothers, and women’s intake of calcium and vitamin D3 during pregnancy did not have a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in the studied PB and control group. The mother’s preeclampsia increases the chances of insufficient BT mineralization by 5.47 times (OR = 5.47; CI 95 % [1.07; 27.93]), second parity pregnancy (and subsequent ones) – by 4.51 times (OR = 4.51, CI 95 % [1.38; 14.80]). The factors of the ratio of the duration of mechanical ventilation relative to the total time of PB treatment, the duration of parenteral feeding have an inverse correlation (moderate (r = -0.42, р < 0.05) and significant (r = -0.51, р < 0.05) respectively) with a decrease in SOS to low Z-score.
Conclusions. In PB born at 32 weeks of gestation and earlier, the chances of ultra-low SOS indicators by Z-score are 14.22 times higher (OR = 14.22; CI 95 % [3.29; 61.57]). The following factors predicts insufficient mineralization of BT according to SOS indicators according to the Z-score: mother’s second parity pregnancy (and subsequent ones), preeclampsia, parenteral feeding of PB for more than 8 days (Se = 75.00 %, Sp = 71.87 %, p < 0.0001), duration of mechanical ventilation, which is more than 6.48 % of the total time of PB treatment (Se = 86.67 %, Sp = 59.38 %, p < 0.046).