bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local information advantage and stock returns: Evidence from social media
Authors: Huang Yuqin , Li Feng , Li Tong , Lin Tse‐Chun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe examine the information asymmetry between local and nonlocal investors with a large dataset of stock message board postings. We document that abnormal relative postings of a firm, that is, unusual changes in the volume of postings from local versus nonlocal investors, capture locals' information advantage. This measure positively predicts firms' short‐term stock returns as well as those of peer firms in the same city. Sentiment analysis shows that posting activities primarily reflect good news, potentially due to social transmission bias and short‐sales constraints. We identify the information driving return predictability through content‐based analysis. Abnormal relative postings also lead analysts' forecast revisions. Overall, investors' interactions on social media contain valuable geography‐based private information.
On the diversity‐based measures of equalness and evenness
Authors: Gregorius Hans‐Rolf , Gillet Elizabeth M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

While the notion of evenness is generally undisputed, its opposite, unevenness, is vague. Conventionally, evenness is understood to decrease, and thus unevenness to increase, as the effective number of types of positive frequency tends towards one while the number of types is held constant. Complete unevenness can thus be approached but never realized for more than one type. In order to arrive at explicit states of minimum evenness for any number of types, equalness is introduced as a complementary concept of evenness.

Realization of the new concept turns out to require a change in orientation from unevenness to unequalness. Decreasing evenness in the sense of increasing unequalness entails an increase in inequality among type frequencies. Unequalness can effectively be envisioned as the diversity in the distribution of step‐heights in a frequency distribution ranked in decreasing order (frequency profile).

Application of appropriate measures of diversity reveals that maximum unequalness (minimum equalness) is assumed for linearly decreasing frequency profiles (stepladders). A consistent diversity‐based measure of equalness is obtained by normalizing the step‐height diversity with respect to the number of types, with the result that this measure equals one for complete equalness/evenness (uniformity) and zero for complete unequalness (as in stepladders).

It turns out that the new equalness measure is highly sensitive to characteristics of frequency profiles that are commonly associated with the evenness notion but are poorly reflected by the conventional evenness measures as a consequence of the realization of their minimum for monomorphism.
Spatially coordinated conservation auctions: A framed field experiment focusing on farmland wildlife conservation in China
Authors: Liu Zhaoyang , Banerjee Simanti , Cason Timothy N. , Hanley Nick , Liu Qi , Xu Jintao , Kontoleon Andreas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHow best to incentivize land managers to achieve conservation goals in an economically and ecologically effective manner is a key policy question that has gained increased relevance from the setting of ambitious new global targets for biodiversity conservation. Conservation (reverse) auctions are a policy tool for improving the environmental performance of agriculture, which has become well‐established in the academic literature and in policy making in the US and Australia. However, little is known about the likely response of farmers to incentives within such an auction to (1) increase spatial connectivity and (2) encourage collective participation. This paper presents the first framed field experiment with farmers as participants that examines the effects of two features of conservation policy design: joint (collective) participation by farmers and the incentivization of spatial connectivity. The experiment employs farmers in China, a country making increasing use of payments for ecosystem services to achieve a range of environmental objectives. We investigate whether auction performance—both economic and ecological—can be improved by the introduction of agglomeration bonus and joint bidding bonus mechanisms. Our empirical results suggest that, compared to a baseline spatially coordinated conservation auction, the performance of an auction with an agglomeration bonus, a joint bidding bonus, or both, is inferior on two key metrics—the environmental benefits generated and cost effectiveness realized.
Functional evaluation of physical performance, gait, balance and activities of daily living in older individuals with long COVID syndrome
Authors: Kosel Izzettin , Aydin Gamze , Taşcilar Uyanik Laçin Naz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of our study was to evaluate the physical performance, balance, gait and activities of daily living (ADL) of older individuals with long COVID syndrome (LCS).MethodsA total of 124 individuals (49% women) with a mean age of 71.8 ± 5.8 years were included in the study. Participants were divided into two groups, older individuals with LCS in the LCS group and older individuals who were not diagnosed with COVID‐19 in the CON (control) group. Physical performance of participants was evaluated with the Alusti Test, balance and gait assessment was evaluated with the Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment (TBGA), and ADL were evaluated with the Barthel Index (BI).ResultsIn the evaluations between groups, the mean score of active muscular mobility of right and left upper extremities, transfer supine position to sitting, trunk in sitting position and standing, which are among the subparameters of the Alusti Test, were statistically significantly lower in LCS compared to CON (p < .05). TBGA total score and gait section mean score of TBGA were statistically significantly lower in LCS than in CON (p < .05). There was no significant difference between the groups in the balance section of the TBGA and the mean BI scores (p > .05).ConclusionsIt was concluded that physical performance parameters related to active muscular mobility of the upper extremity, transfer supine position to sitting, trunk in sitting position and walking in LCS were negatively affected by the disease, but this did not affect the level of balance and independence in ADL.
The ‘More Than Maps’ framework for building research capacity among young people in coastal climate change adaptation
Authors: van der Plank Sien , Appeaning Addo Kwasi , Anderson Romario , Boruff Bryan , Bruce Eleanor , Chambers Kishna , Duncan John , Davies Kevin , Escoffery Damoi , Fidai Yanna , Fletcher Darren , Hickey Sharyn , Jayson‐Quashigah Philip‐Neri , Maxam Ava , Pauli Natasha , Schlenker Marie , Sowah Winnie Naa Adjorkor , Dash Jadu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhen young people engage with climate change education, they are often left feeling disempowered and daunted. But past research has shown that there are ways to design and deliver climate change education that can be empowering and enabling. The delivery of climate change education was further challenged in 2020 by the shift to online learning driven by the COVID‐19 pandemic restrictions. However, the challenges of the pandemic context also offered an opportunity to engage new audiences and establish new collaborations in climate change education. In this paper, we explore how the shift to online research, collaboration and education can also be harnessed to develop interdisciplinary coastal adaptation training for young people interested in better understanding the complexities of our coastal environments. The resulting ‘More than Maps’ framework draws on qualitative and quantitative data collected over a two‐year programme focused on the design and delivery of an international climate change research capacity building workshop series, across the United Kingdom, Ghana, Jamaica and Australia. Carried out by an interdisciplinary team of early career researchers and established academics, 15 workshops were developed on coastal adaptation research methods, targeting a range of ‘young’ audiences who are and will continue to be impacted by climate change. Building on reflections from the workshops' design and delivery, we developed a scalable framework to aid researchers in sharing open‐access, replicable methods for studying climate change mitigation and adaptation. This work demonstrates that our workshop participants had increased confidence, sought to apply learned methods to other contexts, and wanted to share this knowledge with others. We conclude that the COVID‐19 online workspace facilitated rather than hindered the international collaboration and delivery of these coastal adaptation research methods workshops, and we provide best practice tips to researchers delivering climate change education.
A phase I study to evaluate the safety, tolerance and pharmacokinetics of anti‐Shiga toxin hyperimmune equine F (ab′)2 fragments in healthy volunteers
Authors: Hiriart Yanina , Scibona Paula , Ferraris Augusto , Belloso Waldo H. , Beruto Valeria , Garcia Bournissen Facundo , Zylberman Vanesa , Muñoz Luciana , Goldbaum Fernando , Spatz Linus , Colonna Mariana , Sanguineti Santiago , Simonovich Ventura A. 
Published: January 2024

AimsShiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli‐haemolytic uraemic syndrome (STEC‐HUS) is considered a toxaemic disorder in which early intervention with neutralizing antibodies may have therapeutic benefits. INM004, composed of F (ab′)2 fragments from equine immunoglobulins, neutralizes Stx1/Stx2, potentially preventing the onset of HUS.MethodsA single‐centre, randomized, phase 1, single‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial to evaluate INM004 safety, tolerance and pharmacokinetics (PK) in healthy adult volunteers, was conducted; in stage I, eight subjects were divided in two cohorts (n = 4) to receive a single INM004 dose of 2 or 4 mg kg−1, or placebo (INM004:placebo ratio of 3:1). In stage II, six subjects received three INM004 doses of 4 mg kg−1 repeated every 24 h, or placebo (INM004:placebo ratio of 5:1).ResultsEight subjects (57.1%) experienced mild treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs); most frequent were rhinitis, headache and flushing, resolved within 24 h without changes in treatment or additional intervention. No serious AEs were reported. Peak concentrations of INM004 occurred within 2 h after infusion, with median Cmax values of 45.1 and 77.7 μg mL−1 for 2 and 4 mg kg−1, respectively. The serum concentration of INM004 declined in a biphasic manner (t1/2 range 30.7–52.9 h). Systemic exposures increased with each subsequent dose in a dose‐proportional manner, exhibiting accumulation. Geometric median Cmax and AUC values were 149 and 10 300 μg h mL−1, respectively, in the repeated dose regimen. Additionally, samples from subjects that received INM004 at 2 mg kg−1 showed neutralizing capacity against Stx1 and Stx2 in in vitro assays.ConclusionsThe results obtained in this first‐in‐human study support progression into the phase 2 trial in children with HUS.
Experiences of a communication‐skills course for care partners of people living with dementia, empowered conversations: A qualitative framework analysis
Authors: Morris Lydia , Innes Anthea , Williamson Tracey , Wyatt Megan , Smith Emma , McEvoy Phil 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesOur aims were to examine whether an experiential course for care partners of people living with dementia, Empowered Conversations (EC), was acceptable to participants and to explore participants' perceptions of the impact of the course upon their communicative interactions. EC is based on an integrative model derived from psychological and linguistic theory and empirical evidence. EC is based on mentalisation theory, perceptual control theory and linguistic theory (The Communicative Impact Model).MethodsQualitative data were collected via 28 semistructured interviews. Framework analysis was used to analyse data.ResultsThree superordinate themes, ‘improved communication’, ‘improved well‐being’ and ‘support through others’ were identified. Twenty‐seven out of the 28 participants described feeling that they were able to better connect with the person living with dementia that they were supporting through attending EC.ConclusionsThe findings indicated that EC was acceptable and beneficial to care partners. Care partners developed a range of strategies and understandings that enabled them to communicate better with the person they were supporting, enhanced well‐being and relationships, as well as developing social networks. This is the first qualitative study to examine a psychosocial intervention for care partners of people living with dementia using a non‐CBT framework and indicates that perceived control could influence how care partners respond to stress and difficulties.
Popularity at first sight: Dominant behaviours mediate the link between extraversion and popularity in face‐to‐face and virtual group interactions
Authors: Buss Martje , Wagner Jenny , Bleckmann Eva , Wieczorek Larissa L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough there is robust evidence that being more extraverted is related to higher popularity, only few studies have examined which actual behaviours (e.g., verbal content, body language) might explain this association. The current study examined whether observer‐rated dominant behaviours (nonverbal, paraverbal, verbal, and general cues) mediate the relationship between self‐rated extraversion and its facets (assertiveness, sociability, and activity) and other‐rated popularity in zero‐acquaintance settings. In two studies, we analysed data from face‐to‐face (Study 1, N = 124) and virtual (Study 2, N = 291) group interactions where participants were videotaped while performing a task and subsequently rated each other on popularity. Across studies, extraversion and the facets assertiveness and sociability were consistently associated with higher popularity, while the role of dominant behaviours differed. In Study 1, only two nonverbal behaviours, dominant gestures and upright posture, mediated the association between extraversion and popularity. In Study 2, all four types of behavioural cues mediated the association between extraversion (facets) and popularity. We discuss how these findings provide insights into the mechanisms of attaining popularity at zero acquaintance in diverse social settings.
Monitoring the phenology of plant pathogenic fungi: why and how?
Authors: Delmas Chloé E. L. , Bancal Marie‐Odile , Leyronas Christel , Robin Marie‐Hélène , Vidal Tiphaine , Launay Marie 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTPhenology is a key adaptive trait of organisms, shaping biotic interactions in response to the environment. It has emerged as a critical topic with implications for societal and economic concerns due to the effects of climate change on species' phenological patterns. Fungi play essential roles in ecosystems, and plant pathogenic fungi have significant impacts on global food security. However, the phenology of plant pathogenic fungi, which form a huge and diverse clade of organisms, has received limited attention in the literature. This diversity may have limited the use of a common language for comparisons and the integration of phenological data for these taxonomic groups. Here, we delve into the concept of ‘phenology’ as applied to plant pathogenic fungi and explore the potential drivers of their phenology, including environmental factors and the host plant. We present the PhenoFun scale, a phenological scoring system suitable for use with all fungi and fungus‐like plant pathogens. It offers a standardised and common tool for scientists studying the presence, absence, or predominance of a particular phase, the speed of phenological phase succession, and the synchronism shift between pathogenic fungi and their host plants, across a wide range of environments and ecosystems. The application of the concept of ‘phenology’ to plant pathogenic fungi and the use of a phenological scoring system involves focusing on the interacting processes between the pathogenic fungi, their hosts, and their biological, physical, and chemical environment, occurring during the life cycle of the pathogen. The goal is to deconstruct the processes involved according to a pattern orchestrated by the fungus's phenology. Such an approach will improve our understanding of the ecology and evolution of such organisms, help to understand and anticipate plant disease epidemics and their future evolution, and make it possible to optimise management models, and to encourage the adoption of cropping practices designed from this phenological perspective.
Inhibition of palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC12 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin through ROS‐mediated mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Xining , Liao Xingming , Wang Min , Liu Jiao , Han Jiaxin , An Dong , Zheng Tiezheng , Wang Xuefei , Cheng Hailing , Liu Pixu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlatinum‐based therapies have revolutionized the treatment of high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). However, high rates of disease recurrence and progression remain a major clinical concern. Impaired mitochondrial function and dysregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS), hallmarks of cancer, hold potential as therapeutic targets for selectively sensitizing cisplatin treatment. Here, we uncover an oncogenic role of the palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC12 in regulating mitochondrial function and ROS homeostasis in HGSOC cells. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ovarian cancer data revealed significantly elevated ZDHHC12 expression, demonstrating the strongest positive association with ROS pathways among all ZDHHC enzymes. Transcriptomic analysis of independent ovarian cancer datasets and the SNU119 cell model corroborated this association, highlighting a strong link between ZDHHC12 expression and signature pathways involving mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and ROS regulation. Knockdown of ZDHHC12 disrupted this association, leading to increased cellular complexity, ATP levels, mitochondrial activity, and both mitochondrial and cellular ROS. This dysregulation, achieved by the siRNA knockdown of ZDHHC12 or treatment with the general palmitoylation inhibitor 2BP or the fatty acid synthase inhibitor C75, significantly enhanced cisplatin cytotoxicity in 2D and 3D spheroid models of HGSOC through ROS‐mediated mechanisms. Markedly, ZDHHC12 inhibition significantly augmented the anti‐tumor activity of cisplatin in an ovarian cancer xenograft tumor model, as well as in an ascites‐derived organoid line of platinum‐resistant ovarian cancer. Our data suggest the potential of ZDHHC12 as a promising target to improve the outcome of HGSOCs in response to platinum‐based chemotherapy.
Translation regulatory long non‐coding RNA 1 negatively regulates cell radiosensitivity via the miR‐22‐3p/SP1 axis in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhong Ming , Fang Zheng , Guo Weixi , Yu Xiuyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) occupies 85% of lung cancer. Long non‐coding RNAs (LncRNAs) can regulate the radiosensitivity of cancers. This study explored the mechanism of lncRNA TRERNA1 in the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells.MethodsLncRNA TRERNA1 level in NSCLC cell lines was determined. NSCLC cell radiation tolerance was measured. TRERNA1 expression was silenced or overexpressed in A549/HCC827 cells with the highest/lowest radiation tolerance, respectively. The contents of γ‐H2AX and SA‐β‐gal in NSCLC cells after radiation induction were detected. The targeted binding of TRERNA1 to miR‐22‐3p and miR‐22‐3p to SP1 were verified by dual‐luciferase assay. SP1 expression were detected. Functional rescue experiments were implemented to confirm the roles of miR‐22‐3p and SP1 in the regulatory mechanism of TRERNA1.ResultsTRERNA1 was upregulated in NSCLC cells. TRERNA1 silencing enhanced radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells. TRERNA1 silencing elevated the contents of γ‐H2AX and SA‐β‐gal in A549 cells after radiation induction, while TRERNA1 overexpression showed an opposite trend in HCC827 cells. There were targeting relationships between TRERNA1 and miR‐22‐3p, and miR‐22‐3p and SP1. miR‐22‐3p repression or SP1 overexpression abolished the effects of TRERNA1 silencing.ConclusionTRERNA1 silencing enhanced radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells via the miR‐22‐3p/SP1 axis. This study may offer new targets for NSCLC treatment.
Analysis of academic results from implementation of a flipped learning methodology in a subject in higher engineering education
Authors: Galindo‐Melero Jesús , Sanz‐Angulo Pedro , De‐Diego‐Poncela Santiago , Martín Óscar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFlipped learning (FL) has positive effects on the teaching–learning process. Nevertheless, and given that it is a relatively new methodology, it still raises some misgivings. This work aims to highlight the potential of FL by the analysis of academic results in a subject in higher engineering education and, thus, to contribute to overcome possible misgivings. Methods were based on statistical analysis, using Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC), and comparative analysis using graphs. Data from eight academic years were analysed, three with traditional methodology and five with FL. Influence of specific factors, such as participation in FL activities, on students' performance over time has been identified. FL has a very positive impact on students' academic performance and the active participation of students' results in a significant increase in the pass rate as well as in the quality of learning. These improvements have increased over time despite challenges such as the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Evaluating the contribution of historical and contemporary temperature to the oospore production of self‐fertile Phytophthora infestans
Authors: Waheed Abdul , Shen Lin‐Lin , Nkurikiyimfura Oswald , Fang Han‐Mei , Wang Yan‐Ping , Andersson Björn , Zhan Jiasui , Yang Li‐Na 
Published: January 2024

AbstractReproductive systems play an important role in the ecological function of species, but little is known about how climate change, such as global warming, may affect the reproductive systems of microbes. In this study, 116 Phytophthora infestans isolates sampled from five different altitudes along a mountain were evaluated under five temperature regimes to determine the effects of historical and experimental temperature on the reproductive system of the pathogen. Both altitude, a proxy for historical pathogen adaptation to temperature, and temperature used in the experiment affected the sexual reproduction of the pathogen, with experimental temperature, that is, contemporary temperature, playing a role several times more important than historical temperature. Furthermore, the potential of sexual reproduction, measured by the number of oospores quantified, increased with the temperature breadth (i.e., difference between the highest and lowest temperature at which sexual reproduction takes place) of the pathogen and reached the maximum at the experimental temperature of 21°C, which is higher than the annual average temperature in many potato‐producing areas. The results suggest that rising air temperature associated with global warming may increase the potential of sexual reproduction in P. infestans. Given the importance of sexuality in pathogenicity and ecological adaptation of pathogens, these results suggest that global warming may increase the threat of P. infestans to agricultural production and other ecological services and highlight that new epidemiological strategies may need to be implemented for future food security and ecological resilience.