bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Swallowing and speech ability after treatment for head and neck cancer with targeted intraarterial versus intravenous chemoradiation
Authors: Newman Lisa A. , Thomas Robbins K. , Logemann Jeri A. , Rademaker Alfred W. , Lazarus Cathy L. , Hamner Annette , Tusant Stephanie , Huang Cheng Fang 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectiveRADPLAT (concurrent selective supradose intraarterial cisplatin and external‐beam irradiation) delivers extraordinarily high cisplatin concentration to head and neck structures. This study was designed to quantify and compare RADPLAT and systemic chemoradiation treatment effects on swallowing and speech.MethodsVideofluorographic swallowing studies and articulation testing of 14 head and neck cancer patients treated with RADPLAT were compared with 16 treated with systemic chemoradiation 1 month after treatment.ResultsRADPLAT and systemic chemoradiation patients did not differ significantly on most swallow outcome measures, and there was significantly less aspiration on 1 and 3 mL liquid for RADPLAT individuals. Speech function was comparable except for RADPLAT's significantly worse /s, z/ productions.ConclusionsIncreased concentration of cisplatin to the head and neck did not result in generally reduced swallowing or articulatory function. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Head Neck 24: 68–77, 2002.
Management issues in massive pediatric facial plexiform neurofibroma with neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Wise Jeffrey B. , Patel Snehal G. , Shah Jatin P. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundPlexiform neurofibroma is a relatively common but potentially devastating manifestation of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Surgical management is the mainstay of therapy, but within the head and neck region it is limited by the infiltrating nature of these tumors, inherent operative morbidity, and high rate of regrowth.MethodWe describe a case of a 7‐year‐old girl with neurofibromatosis type 1 and a massive facial plexiform neurofibroma with the aim of emphasizing the treatment and timing issues involved in the management of this difficult problem. A MEDLINE search (1966 through December 2000) was carried out, and pertinent literature on the subject was reviewed.ResultThe patient described in this case report was carefully observed for a period of 6 years from diagnosis before surgical excision of the tumor was undertaken with an uneventful recovery.ConclusionSurgical management remains the mainstay of treatment for these locally invasive tumors, but functional disturbances are almost inevitable in resecting substantial tumors involving the head and neck region. The indication and timing of surgery in pediatric patients therefore needs to be carefully weighed against the physical and psychologic consequences of treatment. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Radial clearance in resection of hypopharyngeal cancer: An independent prognostic factor
Authors: Ho Chiu M. , Ng Wing F. , Lam Kam H. , Wei William I. , Yuen Anthony P. W. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundThe depth of infiltration of tumor is of particular relevance in hypopharyngeal cancers, because most of them are seen late, and extensive infiltration into the muscle wall and the cartilage are not uncommon.MethodsThe resected specimens of hypopharyngeal cancers were studied with whole‐organ step‐serial sectioning. The extent of infiltration into the thickness of the wall and the radial clearance were carefully documented. These parameters were correlated with the tumor recurrence and survival rates.ResultsMost patients with hypopharyngeal cancer had a minimal radial margin; the radial clearance was <1 mm in 56% of the patients. Despite such a minimal margin, the local recurrence rate was only 19% and occurred mainly in the upper and lower resection margins. Radial clearance was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival, disease‐free survival, and nodal recurrence‐free survival on multivariate analysis.ConclusionRadial clearance is an important independent prognostic factor, and it is recommended to be included in the routine pathologic reporting of the resected specimen in hypopharyngeal cancer. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Hypercalcemia associated with parathyroid hormone–related protein at the terminal stage of uncomplicated squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region
Authors: Fujikawa Megumi , Takata Yutaka , Okamura Ken , Nakagawa Mizuho , Tateishi Akira , Kurokawa Hideo , Sato Kaori , Fukuda Jinichi , Kajiyama Minoru , Fujishima Masatoshi 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundParathyroid hormone–related protein (PTHrP) is mainly responsible for hypercalcemia in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs).MethodsWe retrospectively checked the appearance of hypercalcemia among 33 patients who died with head and neck SCC. Serum concentrations of C‐terminal region of PTHrP (C‐PTHrP) were measured in 15 of them. The intracellular PTHrP expression was immunohistochemically stained in 42 SCC sections obtained from the 33 before the appearance of hypercalcemia.ResultsHypercalcemia appeared in 24 of the 33, and increased serum C‐PTHrP levels were confirmed in 11 of 12 hypercalcemic patients. PTHrP was identified in all SCC sections, and a stronger intensity than in normal squamous epithelia was observed in 50% of those obtained within 1 year before the onset of hypercalcemia.ConclusionA high incidence of PTHrP‐induced hypercalcemia was shown among patients dying with head and neck SCCs. The intracellular increase in PTHrP might be observed preceding hypercalcemia. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Head Neck 24: 56–62, 2002.
FDG PET studies during treatment: Prediction of therapy outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Brun Eva , Kjellén Elisabeth , Tennvall Jan , Ohlsson Tomas , Sandell Anders , Perfekt Roland , Perfekt Roland , Wennerberg Johan , Strand Sven Erik 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundPositron emission tomography (PET) provides metabolic information of tissues in vivo. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of PET with 2‐[18 F] fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (FDG) in prediction of therapy outcome (tumor response, survival, and locoregional control) in locally advanced HNSCC.MethodsBetween 1993 and 1999 47 patients underwent PET before (PET1) and after (PET2) 1 to 3 weeks of radical treatment with evaluation of metabolic rate (MR) and standardized uptake value (SUV) of FDG. All patients received radiotherapy, and 10 also received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Median follow‐up time was 3.3 years.ResultsLow and high MR FDG at PET2, with median value as cutoff, was associated with complete remission in 96% and 62% (p = .007), with 5‐year overall survival in 72% and 35% (p = .0042) and with local control in 96% and 55% (p = .002), respectively.ConclusionsFDG PET in the early phase of treatment of HNSCC is associated with tumor response, survival, and local control. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chromosomal integration of Epstein ‐ Barr virus genomes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Chang Yao , Cheng Sou‐De , Tsai Ching‐Hwa 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundLittle has been known about whether Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) could persist in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells by chromosomal integration, and no NPC cell line harboring integrated EBV has been reported. In this study, we explored this issue through isolating EBV‐infected NPC cell clones generated from an in vitro infection system and examining the configuration of EBV DNA in these cells.Methods and ResultsEBV genomes were demonstrated in NPC cell clones using polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridization. Viral nuclear antigens were also detected by use of an anticomplement immunofluorescence assay and an immunoblotting assay. Gardella gel analysis showed that two of the EBV‐positive cell clones, H2B4 and H2B17‐7, harbored no extrachromosomal form of the viral genome. Restriction analysis of EBV genomic termini indicated that EBV DNA in these two cell clones was not circularized, and the viral genomes were integrated into chromosomes as demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization.ConclusionsThis is the first in vitro model of EBV persistence in NPC cells by genomic integration, which represents a unique state of virus‐cell interaction. Using this model, investigation into the association between EBV integration and chromosomal abnormality in tumor cells will help to reveal the underlying biologic significance. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Relapsing paraganglioma of the inferior laryngeal paraganglion: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Hinojar Adolfo G. , Prieto Juan Ramón , Muñoz Elia , Hinojar Adolfo A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundLaryngeal paragangliomas are very rare neoplasms derived from the superior or inferior laryngeal paraganglia. The paragangliomas of the inferior laryngeal paraganglion, depending on their anatomic variability, can give rise to two different clinical expressions of the same process, namely the so‐called thyroid paragangliomas and the inferior laryngeal or subglottic paragangliomas.MethodsWe present a case for which we have not found any previous descriptions of a cervical and subglottictracheal relapse of a thyroid paraganglioma removed 3 years earlier. We review the literature.ResultsWe have found a total of 22 paragangliomas of the inferior laryngeal paraganglia, 23 including our case.ConclusionsThyroid paragangliomas and inferior laryngeal or subglottic paragangliomas should be included under the term “paragangliomas” of the inferior laryngeal paraganglion. These tumors are slow growing, benign, hypervascular, and much more common in middle‐aged women. Immunohistochemistry is essential for its diagnosis. Open, conservative surgery is the treatment of choice. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Head Neck 24: 95–102, 2002.
Targeting the “species gene ensemble”
Authors: Routtenberg Aryeh 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe members of a given species display a normal distribution of gene expression which is here termed the species gene ensemble. This more specific designation of the ‘genetic background’ leads to a consideration of why gene targeting outcomes are regulated by the species gene ensemble. One consequence is the utility of the heterozygous knockout which buffers the drastic compensatory reactions of the homozygous knockout thereby revealing subtle but yet consistent alterations in hippocampally‐dependent behaviors. Hippocampus 2002;12:105–108. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term monitoring of hippocampus‐dependent behavior in naturalistic settings: Mutant mice lacking neurotrophin receptor TrkB in the forebrain show spatial learning but impaired behavioral flexibility
Authors: Vyssotski Alexei L. , Dell'Omo Giacomo , Poletaeva Inga I. , Vyssotski Dmitri L. , Minichiello Liliana , Klein Rüdiger , Wolfer David P. , Lipp Hans‐Peter 
Published: October 2004

AbstractP revious behavioral studies (Minichiello et al., Neuron 1999;24:401–414) showed that mice deficient for the TrkB receptor in the forebrain were unable to learn a swimming navigation task with an invisible platform and were severely impaired in finding a visible platform in the same setup. Likewise, additional behavioral deficits suggested a malfunction of the hippocampus and proximally connected forebrain structures. In order to discriminate whether the behavioral impairment was caused either by deficits in spatial memory and learning, or alternatively by loss of behavioral flexibility, 8 trkB mutant, 13 wild‐type, and 22 heterozygous mice were implanted with transponders and released for 21 days into a large outdoor pen (10 × 10 m). The enclosure contained 2 shelters and 8 computer‐controlled feeder boxes, delivering food portions for every mouse only during their first visit. Every third day, mice received food ad libitum inside the shelters. All mice learned to patrol the boxes correctly within a few days. However, significant differences emerged during those days with free food available. Wild‐type mice remained inside the shelters, while all homozygous mutants continued to patrol the boxes in their habitual way, the heterozygous mutants showing intermediate scores. These and previous data suggest that one of the natural functions of the mouse hippocampus is to comediate behavioral flexibility, and that TrkB receptors might play an essential role in maintaining the neuronal short‐term plasticity necessary for this capacity. Hippocampus 2002;12:27–38. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Age‐dependent differential regulation of genes encoding APP and α‐synuclein in hippocampal synaptic plasticity
Authors: Stéphan A. , Davis S. , Salin H. , Dumas S. , Mallet J. , Laroche S. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe investigated the modulation of the messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and α‐synuclein following induction of long‐term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate gyrus of young and aged rats. Three hours after tetanic stimulation, LTP induced in the young rats was maintained; the aged rats, however, fell into two subgroups: those in which LTP was maintained, and those in which LTP had declined to basal levels. In young rats, the global expression of mRNAs of all isoforms of APP and in particular that of the isoform lacking the KPI domain were significantly upregulated. In aged rats, the global expression of mRNAs of all isoforms of APP was not modified, regardless of whether LTP was maintained or not. The level of mRNA encoding the Kunitz protease‐inhibitory (KPI)‐minus isoform of APP, however, was increased in aged rats in which LTP was maintained, suggesting that the gene of this isoform may be more specifically regulated by synaptic plasticity. In contrast, we found that the gene encoding α‐synuclein showed a trend towards being downregulated at the mRNA level in young rats following LTP, and significantly so in aged rats in which LTP was maintained, whereas it was not downregulated in aged rats with decremental LTP. These data suggest that the regulated expression of APP isoforms is part of the transcriptional response associated with the enduring forms of synaptic plasticity and is altered with age. Whereas the level of α‐synuclein mRNA is not apparently modified in normal LTP, it may reflect a mechanism of apoptotic cell death in aging that is in part responsible for decremental synaptic plasticity. Hippocampus 2002;12:55–62. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Force transducer‐based movement detection in fear conditioning in mice: A comparative analysis
Authors: Fitch Thomas , Adams Benjamin , Chaney Stephen , Gerlai Robert 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFear conditioning (FC) allows the dissociation of hippocampal and nonhippocampal behavioral function in rodents, and has become a diagnostic tool in transgenic mouse research employed to investigate mutation‐induced changes in brain function. Although the procedural details of the paradigm have been established, quantification of the behavioral output, freezing, remains problematic in mice. Observation‐based techniques are time‐consuming and may be subject to bias, while movement detection with photocells is imprecise. Here we describe an alternative method for movement detection, based on an electronic force transducer system that allows the quantification of acceleration forces generated by a moving subject. We compare the behavior of two inbred strains of mice (C57BL/6 and DBA/2) whose performance is known to differ in hippocampal tasks, including FC. The comparison is made using multiple techniques: the force transducer approach, and three observation‐based methods, a computer‐aided event‐recording approach, a traditional time‐sampling paper/pencil method, and a subjective impression‐based scoring system. In addition, we investigate the correlation structures of behavioral elements quantified by event recording, using principal component analyses; we conclude that fear may manifest in multiple forms and in a stimulus‐ and genotype‐dependent manner. We suggest that the force transducer system provides precise quantification of movements in an automated manner and will allow high‐throughput screening for mutation and drug effects in mice. However, we also argue that fear responses can be complex, and freezing behavior may not be the only measure of fear or fear‐associated memory. Hippocampus 2002;12:4–17. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparing Line and HR Executives' Perceptions of HR Effectiveness: Services, Roles, and Contributions
Authors: Wright Patrick M. , McMahan Gary C. , Snell Scott A. , Gerhart Barry 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis study compares HR and line executives' evaluations of the effectiveness of the HR function in terms of its service delivery, roles, and contributions to the firm. Survey responses from 44 HR and 59 line executives from 14 companies indicated that (a) HR executives consistently rated the functions' effectiveness higher than did line executives, and (b) the greatest differences were observed on the more important and/or strategic aspects of HR. Implications for improving HR effectiveness are discussed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Outsourcing HR: The Impact of Organizational Characteristics
Authors: Klaas Brian S. , McClendon John A. , Gainey Thomas W. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between a number of organizational characteristics and the decision to outsource HR. Determinants of the outsourcing of four categories of HR are examined: HR generalists activities (e.g., performance appraisal), transactional activities (e.g., payroll), human capital activities (e.g., training), and recruiting and selection. HR executives in 432 organizations provided data on outsourcing levels and organizational characteristics. Reliance on HR outsourcing was associated with idiosyncratic HR practices, strategic HR involvement, positive HR outcomes, promotional opportunities, demand uncertainty, and pay level. As predicted, however, the impact of organizational characteristics varied among the different types of HR activities outsourced. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Who's in Charge? An Empirical Study of Executive Staffing Practices in Foreign Subsidiaries
Authors: Harzing Anne‐Wil 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis study investigates executive staffing practices in foreign subsidiaries of multinational corporations. Grounded in a literature review of the reasons for employing either parent country nationals or host country nationals in top management positions in foreign subsidiaries, a number of factors influencing the choice between these alternatives are identified. Using a combination of an archival and mail survey research method, the influence of each of these factors is empirically tested with a sample of nearly 3000 observations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Incentive Alignment, CEO Pay Level, and Firm Performance: A Case of “Heads I Win, Tails You Lose”?
Authors: Sanders Wm. Gerard 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn recent years, rewarding CEOs with long‐term forms of compensation (e.g., stock options, performance plans, restricted stock) has become more popular than using year‐end pay adjustments. Surprisingly, there is little empirical evidence to support the benefits of this trend. This study found that the benefits of long‐term compensation flowed primarily to CEOs as they received significantly greater levels of total compensation than CEOs in firms that emphasized year‐end pay adjustments. Paradoxically, however, firms that emphasized year‐end pay adjustments performed significantly better than firms that were heavy users of long‐term forms of contingent compensation. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Employees' Nonwork Obligations and Organizational Commitments: A New Way to Look at the Relationships
Authors: Mellor Steven , Mathieu John E. , Barnes‐Farrell Janet L. , Rogelberg Steven G. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe authors1 adopted a family resource view of nonwork obligations and examined these obligations' relationships to dimensions of employees' organizational commitment. Complex interactions were found between employees' marital status, number of children, and having relatives nearby as related to the continuance dimension, but not the affective dimension, of commitment. In particular, results were strongest when the focus was on employees' perceptions of whether they would experience a high personal sacrifice if they were to leave their organizations. These findings are discussed in the context of developing family‐friendly human resource programs that may help employees feel less “trapped” in organizations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
One Prudential Exchange—The Insurance Giant's Business Literacy and Alignment Platform
Authors: McKnight Richard , Doele Jody , Christine Kim 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis article describes how Prudential—in a dramatically changed marketplace—engaged its 55,000
employees as partners in transforming the company's many disparate businesses into one integrated company.
Using a combination of large‐and small‐scale meetings, follow‐up actions at the work unit
level, and sophisticated performance enhancement processes, OPX (One Prudential Exchange) is helping
transform Prudential from a staid insurance company to a modern financial services powerhouse. OPX has introduced
the One Prudential vision to the company's 55,000 employees in nearly 300 large‐scale meetings in 12
cities, and has institutionalized problem resolution and breakthrough dialogue processes in over 3,500
follow‐up work unit meetings. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Control of pore structure and size in freeze‐dried collagen sponges
Authors: Schoof Heike , Apel Jörn , Heschel Ingo , Rau Günter 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBecause of many suitable properties, collagen sponges are used as an acellular implant or a biomaterial in the field of tissue engineering. Generally, the inner three‐dimensional structure of the sponges influences the behavior of cells. To investigate this influence, it is necessary to develop a process to produce sponges with a defined, adjustable, and homogeneous pore structure. Collagen sponges can be produced by freeze‐drying of collagen suspensions. The pore structure of the freeze‐dried sponges mirrors the ice‐crystal morphology after freezing. In industrial production, the collagen suspensions are solidified under time‐ and space‐dependent freezing conditions, resulting in an inhomogeneous pore structure. In this investigation, unidirectional solidification was applied during the freezing process to produce collagen sponges with a homogeneous pore structure. Using this technique the entire sample can be solidified under thermally constant freezing conditions. The ice‐crystal morphology and size can be adjusted by varying the solute concentration in the collagen suspension. Collagen sponges with a very uniform and defined pore structure can be produced. Furthermore, the pore size can be adjusted between 20–40 μm. The thickness of the sponges prepared during this research was 10 mm. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 58: 352–357, 2001