bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENGARUH VARIABEL PENDUGA CUACA EKSTREM DI KOTA BENGKULU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN STATISTICAL PRODUCT AND SERVICE SOLUTIONS (SPSS)
Authors: Simbolon Mikael , Supiyati  , Suwarsono  
Published: November 2023

The Bengkulu City area often experiences extreme weather with the potential for flooding and affects various types of human activities. This study aims to determine the effect of extreme weather predictor variables in Bengkulu City by using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS). Extreme weather indicators are reviewed based on rainfall with estimating variables in the form of air pressure, humidity, air temperature, and wind speed, for 5 years (2017-2021) obtained from the BMKG Station on Baai Island, Bengkulu City. Data processing using SPSS method. Data analysis was carried out statistically and descriptively. Based on the results of the study, the correlation between the estimator variables on extreme rainfall is quite good with r = 0.661, and the error value (RMSE) is 27,124. Furthermore, the homogeneity test between extreme rainfall indicators and extreme weather estimators includes air pressure, air temperature, wind speed, and air humidity, showing homogeneity in 2019. This indicates the predictor variable has the same direction to extreme rainfall, where the error value is obtained tends to be relatively small. The estimator variables, namely air pressure and humidity, have a significant relationship with extreme rainfall. Predictions using data (2017-2021) show that in 2022, extreme rainfall events will occur for a relatively long time, namely in January, March, May, June, July, August, October, and December. The most extreme rainfall intensity occurs in January
Characteristics and metabolic potential of biliary microbiota in patients with giant common bile duct stones
Authors: Dai Chenguang , Xu Chunfang , Zheng Lu , Wang Min , Fan Zhining , Ye Jianxin , Su Dongming 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an effective minimally invasive operation for the management of choledocholithiasis, while successful extraction is hampered by large diameter of stones. Emerging studies have revealed the close correlation between biliary microbiota and common bile duct stones (CBDS). In this study, we aimed to investigate the community characteristics and metabolic functions of biliary microbiota in patients with giant CBDS.MethodsEligible patients were prospectively enrolled in this study in First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from February 2022 to October 2022. Bile samples were collected through ERCP. The microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Metabolic functions were predicted by PICRUSTs 2.0 calculation based on MetaCyc database. Bile acids were tested and identified using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsA total of 26 patients were successfully included into final analysis, 8 in giant stone (GS) group and 18 in control group. Distinct biliary microbial composition was identified in patients with giant CBDS, with a significantly higher abundance of Firmicutes at phylum level. The unique composition at genus level mainly consisted of Enterococcus, Citrobacter, Lactobacillus, Pyramidobacter, Bifidobacterium and Shewanella. Pyramidobacter was exclusively found in GS group, along with the absence of Robinsoniella and Coprococcus. The contents of free bile acids were significantly higher in GS group, including cholic acid (98.39μmol/mL vs. 26.15μmol/mL, p=0.035), chenodesoxycholic acid (54.69μmol/mL vs. 5.86μmol/mL, p=0.022) and ursodeoxycholic acid (2.70μmol/mL vs. 0.17μmol/mL, p=0.047). Decreasing tendency of conjugated bile acids were also observed. Metabolic pathways concerning cholelithiasis were abundant in GS group, including geranylgeranyl diphosphate biosynthesis, gluconeogenesis, glycolysis and L-methionine biosynthesis.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the community structure and metabolic potential of biliary microbiota in patients with giant CBDS. The unique biliary microbial composition holds valuable predictive potential for clinical conditions. These findings provide new insights into the etiology of giant CBDS from the perspective of biliary microbiota.
A knockdown gene approach identifies an insect vector membrane protein with leucin-rich repeats as one of the receptors for the VmpA adhesin of flavescence dorée phytoplasma
Authors: Canuto Francesca , Duret Sybille , Dubrana Marie-Pierre , Claverol Stéphane , Malembic-Maher Sylvie , Foissac Xavier , Arricau-Bouvery Nathalie 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe adhesion of flavescence dorée phytoplasma to the midgut epithelium cells of their insect vectors is partially mediated by the variable membrane protein A (VmpA), an adhesin which shows lectin properties. In order to identify the insect receptor for VmpA, we identified Euscelidius variegatus cell proteins interacting with recombinant VmpA-His6.MethodsThe E. variegatus proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis of VmpA-E. variegatus protein complexes formed upon in vitro interaction assays. To assess their impact in VmpA binding, we reduced the expression of the candidate genes on E. variegatus cells in culture by dsRNA-mediated RNAi. The effect of candidate gene knockdown on VmpA binding was measured by the capacity of E. variegatus cells to bind VmpA-coated fluorescent beads.Results and discussionThere were 13 candidate proteins possessing potential N-glycosylation sites and predicted transmembrane domains selected. The decrease of expression of an unknown transmembrane protein with leucine-rich repeat domains (uk1_LRR) was correlated with the decreased adhesion of VmpA beads to E. variegatus cells. The uk1_LRR was more expressed in digestive tubes than salivary glands of E. variegatus. The protein uk1_LRR could be implicated in the binding with VmpA in the early stages of insect infection following phytoplasmas ingestion
Effect of community participation on sustainable development: an assessment of sustainability domains in Malaysia
Authors: Marzo Roy Rillera , Chen Hana W. Jun , Anuar Haryati , Abdul Wahab Mohamad Khairuddin , Ibrahim Mohd Hairulnizam , Ariffin Indang Ariati , Ahmad Azral Ismawy , Kawuki Joseph , Aljuaid Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Community participation is also one of the critical factors, in the success of coral reef conservation efforts in Malaysia. The key determinants of community participation in coral reef conservation in the country include awareness, understanding, benefits, and incentives.Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the impact of community participation on sustainable development in Malaysia, specifically in coral reef conservation. The study assessed the relationships between sociodemographic variables and various sustainability domains, including community participation, ecotourism development, and economic, environmental, and social sustainability.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from July to October 2022 in Setiu, Terengganu and recruited 338 adult local villagers. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis for factors such as employment status, knowledge of coral reefs, practice of coral reef conservation and willingness to volunteer for conservation were analysed using SPSS version 26.Results: An increase in community participation was associated with an increase in all four sustainability domains of ecotourism development, economic, environmental and social sustainability (Unadjusted B range = 0.46–0.77, all p-value &lt;0.001). Participants with acceptable knowledge of coral reefs (AOR = 7.11, 95% CI: 3.84–13.15), good practice of coral reef conservation (AOR = 5.26, 95% CI: 2.54–10.91), and willing to volunteer for coral reef conservation (AOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.02–3.83) had higher odds of positive social sustainability, compared to those with low knowledge, poor practice and not willing to volunteer, respectively. However, those employed in marine-related jobs (AOR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10–0.72) had less odds of positive social sustainability, compared to those who are not employed.Conclusion: The study highlighted the importance of community participation in promoting sustainable development and the influence of socioeconomic factors and education on community participation. The importance of educational initiatives and engagement and the factors associated with positive economic, environmental and social sustainability have been highlighted. These findings can be used by policymakers and stakeholders to design and implement effective interventions for coral reef conservation, aimed at promoting sustainable development in Malaysia.
The transcription factor ELF4 alleviates inflammatory bowel disease by activating IL1RN transcription, suppressing inflammatory TH17 cell activity, and inducing macrophage M2 polarization
Authors: Cao Meiwan , Chen Peiyu , Peng Baoling , Cheng Yang , Xie Jing , Hou Ziang , Chen Huan , Ye Liping , Li Huiwen , Wang Hongli , Ren Lu , Xiong Liya , Geng Lanlan , Gong Sitang 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder affecting millions worldwide. Due to the complexity of its pathogenesis, the treatment options for IBD are limited. This study focuses on ELF4, a member of the ETS transcription factor family, as a target to elucidate its role in IBD and investigate its mechanism of action in alleviating IBD symptoms by activating IL1RN transcription to suppress the activity of inflammatory TH17 cells.MethodsUsing the GEO database, this study examined LPS-induced intestinal inflammatory genes and their regulation mechanisms. We examined the colon length of LPS-treated mice and derived the Disease Activity Index (DAI). H&amp;E staining, ELISA, and flow cytometry were used to detect mice colon tissue damage, inflammatory factor levels in mouse serum, mouse macrophage types and inflammatory TH17 cell activity. RT-qPCR and Western blot detected ELF4, IL1RN, M1, and M2 polarization markers. In Vitro, using dual-luciferase and ChIP assays, we tested mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and mouse intestinal epithelial cells for IL1RN promoter activity and ELF4 enrichment.ResultsBioinformatics showed that LPS-induced colitis animals have reduced ELF4 expression in their colon tissue. In vivo tests confirmed reduced ELF4 expression in mice with LPS-induced colitis. ELF4 overexpression reduced mouse intestinal inflammation. ELF4 activated IL1RN transcription in bioinformatics and in vitro tests. ELF4 promoted IL1RN transcription and macrophage M2 polarization to limit intestinal epithelial cell death and inflammation and reduce mouse intestinal inflammation in vitro. ELF4 also reduced the Th17/Treg ratio by increasing IL1RN transcription.ConclusionELF4 activates IL1RN transcription, suppresses inflammatory TH17 cells, and induces macrophage M2 polarization to treat IBD.
A prospective randomized half-body study: 308 nm LED light vs. 308 nm excimer laser for localized psoriasis
Authors: Yu Yingyuan , Lu Jiajing , Zhang Yi , Shi Yuling 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic skin disease affecting approximately 3.2% of the population. The 308 nm light emitting diode (LED) is a novel, portable, and cost-effective light source, may have potential in the treatment of localized psoriasis patients in a home setting.ObjectiveTo compare the clinical and dermoscopic responses in localized psoriatic patients undergoing localized phototherapy with 308 nm LED light and excimer laser.MethodsTwenty-two patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis and symmetrical skin lesions were included in this prospective, randomized, left-to-right body trial. The target lesions were randomly treated with either LED light or excimer laser twice a week for 12 weeks. The responses were evaluated by the local psoriasis severity index (LPSI) scores, and dermoscopic features of the target lesions were examined and analyzed.ResultsOut of the 22 included psoriasis patients, 10 successfully completed the 12 weeks study. Both treatment sides showed similar clinical improvement in terms of clinical response, as evidenced by a LPSI 50 rate of 70% on the LED side and 80% on the excimer side, p &gt; 0.05. Furthermore, the dermoscopic features also exhibited comparable improvement.ConclusionThe efficacy and safety of 308 nm LED light therapy are comparable to 308 nm excimer laser therapy. Moreover, given the portability and cost-effectiveness of 308 nm LED light, it holds great promise as a home phototherapy in the treatment of psoriasis.
CYP450 and drug efflux transporters polymorphism influence clinical outcomes of Thai osimertinib-treated non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Majam Teerapat , Sukasem Chonlaphat , Reungwetwattana Thanyanan , Chansriwong Phichai , Atasilp Chalirmporn , Trachu Narumol , Thamrongjirapat Thanaporn , Sukprasong Rattanaporn , Meanwatthana Jennis 
Published: November 2023

Background: Osimertinib has shown greater efficacy than standard epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and fewer grade 3 or higher adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. However, the clinical outcomes of osimertinib treatment vary depending on the patient’s ethnicity. Therefore, further research is necessary to evaluate the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and drug transporters on the therapeutic outcomes and ADRs to osimertinib in Thai patients, to provide improved pharmacological treatments for cancer patients.Methods: This retrospective and prospective cohort study enrolled 63 Thai patients with NSCLC treated with 80 mg of osimertinib once daily as monotherapy. Seventeen SNPs in candidate genes related to drug metabolism and transport pathways were analyzed in each patient. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used to evaluate the associations between SNPs and clinical outcomes, including ADR incidence and objective response rate (ORR). In addition, the correlation between the genotype and median time to treatment failure (TTF) or progression-free survival (PFS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and a log-rank test.Results: We identified six SNPs (rs2231142 and rs2622604 in ABCG2, rs762551 in CYP1A2, rs1057910 in CYP2C9, rs28371759 in CYP3A4, and CYP2A6 deletion polymorphism (CYP2A6*4)) that significantly increased the incidence of ADRs. In addition, we found two SNPs (rs2069514 in CYP1A2 and rs1057910 in CYP2C9) that significantly decreased the median TTF, and two SNPs (rs28399433 in CYP2A6 and rs1057910 in CYP2C9) that significantly decreased the median progression-free survival (PFS). Specifically, we found that one of these SNPs (rs1057910 in CYP2C9) influenced ADRs, TTF, and PFS. Additionally, SNPs in the CYP2A6 heterozygous variant (non4/*4) significantly increased ADR incidence, leading to a high frequency of dose reduction (27.0%).Conclusion: Our study demonstrated significant SNPs associated with increased ADR incidence, decreased PFS, and decreased TTF in Thai patients with NSCLC treated with osimertinib. The CYP2C9 (*3) and CYP2A6 (*4) allele frequencies differed between ethnicities and were associated with an increased incidence of ADRs. These findings highlight the importance of considering genetic factors in NSCLC treatment and may facilitate personalized medicine approaches. Moreover, our study showed a higher incidence of ADRs than the previous trials, including FLAURA and AURA2, and a higher frequency of dose reduction than reported in the AURA 3 trial, possibly due to genetic differences among the study populations.
Microbiomics and volatile metabolomics-based investigation of changes in quality and flavor of oat (Avena sativa L.) silage at different stages
Authors: Deng Xiaochen , Jia Yushan , Ge Gentu , Wang Zhijun , Liu Mingjian , Bao Jian , Zhao Muqier , Si Qiang , Liu Yichao , Zhao Weixuan 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the fermentation quality, microbial community, and volatile metabolites of oat silage harvested at two different stages, while examining the correlation between microorganisms and volatile metabolites.MethodsOats were harvested at two growth stages (pre-heading [PRH] and post-heading [POH] stages), followed by 90 days of natural fermentation, with 6 replicates per treatment. Pre- and post-silage samples were randomly selected for nutrient composition, fermentation parameters, microbial population, and high-throughput sequencing analysis. Volatile metabolomics analysis was also performed on samples after 90 days of fermentation to detect differences in flavor quality after silage.ResultsThe effect of growth stage on the nutrient content of oats was significant, with pre-heading oats having higher crude protein and post-heading oats having higher water soluble carbohydrates content (p &lt; 0.05). Following a 90-day fermentation period, the pH and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen levels in the PRH-90 (silage from pre-heading oats after 90 days of fermentation) group demonstrated a significant decrease (p &lt; 0.05), whereas the lactic acid content was notably higher compared to the POH-90 (silage from post-heading oats after 90 days of fermentation) group (p &lt;0.05). Lactiplantibacillus dominated in the PRH-90 group and Enterococcus dominated in the POH-90 group, with abundances of (&gt; 86%) and (&gt; 87%), respectively. The differential volatile metabolites of the two treatment groups were dominated by esters and terpenoids, and the differences in flavor were mainly concentrated in sweet, green, and fruity odors. The results of Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated three major metabolic pathways: phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Specific microorganisms were significantly correlated with flavor indicators and flavor metabolites. Lactiplantibacillus was significantly positively correlated with flavor substances indicating sweet and fruity flavors, contributing to good flavor, while Enterococcus was significantly and positively correlated with flavor substances indicating bad flavors.ConclusionIn summary, growth stage had significant effects on nutritional components, fermentation parameters and flavor quality of oats, with the fermentation process dominated by Lactiplantibacillus leading to good flavor, while the fermentation process dominated by Enterococcus led to the development of poor flavor.
Self-reported HPV vaccination status and HPV vaccine hesitancy in a nationally representative sample of emerging adults in Croatia
Authors: Nemeth Blažić Tatjana , Božičević Ivana , Kosanović Ličina Mirjana Lana , Štulhofer Aleksandar , Nola Iskra Alexandra 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine self-reported human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination status among emerging adults in Croatia, intention to get the HPV vaccine among unvaccinated individuals and correlates of HPV vaccine hesitancy.MethodsData were collected via a cross-sectional survey based on a probabilistic national sample. The sample included 1,197 individuals aged 18–25 years (50.6% were women) who were recruited from November 2021 to February 2022 as part of the commercial online panel. Analyses included 981 participants who correctly answered two “attention trap” questions using descriptive statistics and multivariate analyses. The data were post-hoc weighted for gender and age and adjusted for clustering effect. To adjust standard errors for the sampling design, multivariate analyses were carried out using the complex samples module in the IBM SPSS 27 statistical software package.ResultsOverall, 18.3% of participants (25.0% of women and 11.7% of men) reported that they were HPV vaccinated, while 21.9% did not know their HPV vaccination status. Of those vaccinated, 65.6% were women. The odds of being HPV-vaccinated were significantly higher among female participants. Among the unvaccinated, 35.4% expressed a willingness to get the vaccine. The odds of vaccination hesitancy were significantly lower among women, participants who reported a higher perceived risk of STIs, those who recognized that HPV could result in cervical cancer, and significantly higher among those who were more religious.ConclusionOur findings suggest a need to increase HPV vaccination uptake in Croatia through raising awareness about HPV vaccine effectiveness and also through the implementation of strategies to make vaccination more available.
Health care costs of cardiovascular disease in China: a machine learning-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Lu Mengjie , Gao Hong , Shi Chenshu , Xiao Yuyin , Li Xiyang , Li Lihua , Li Yan , Li Guohong 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) causes substantial financial burden to patients with the condition, their households, and the healthcare system in China. Health care costs for treating patients with CVD vary significantly, but little is known about the factors associated with the cost variation. This study aims to identify and rank key determinants of health care costs in patients with CVD in China and to assess their effects on health care costs.MethodsData were from a survey of patients with CVD from 14 large tertiary grade-A general hospitals in S City, China, between 2018 and 2020. The survey included information on demographic characteristics, health conditions and comorbidities, medical service utilization, and health care costs. We used re-centered influence function regression to examine health care cost concentration, decomposing and estimating the effects of relevant factors on the distribution of costs. We also applied quantile regression forests—a machine learning approach—to identify the key factors for predicting the 10th (low), 50th (median), and 90th (high) quantiles of health care costs associated with CVD treatment.ResultsOur sample included 28,213 patients with CVD. The 10th, 50th and 90th quantiles of health care cost for patients with CVD were 6,103 CNY, 18,105 CNY, and 98,637 CNY, respectively. Patients with high health care costs were more likely to be older, male, and have a longer length of hospital stay, more comorbidities, more complex medical procedures, and emergency admissions. Higher health care costs were also associated with specific CVD types such as cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and stroke.ConclusionMachine learning methods are useful tools to identify determinants of health care costs for patients with CVD in China. Findings may help improve policymaking to alleviate the financial burden of CVD, particularly among patients with high health care costs.