bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of the remote monitoring of cardiac implantable electronic devices in a diverse demographic cohort: Insights from a single‐center observation
Authors: Seo Jiyoung , Alhuarrat Majd Al Deen , Krishnan Suraj , Saralidze Tinatin , Lim Hyomin , Chen Brett , Flomenbaum David , Naser Ahmad , Kharawala Amrin , Apple Samuel J. , Ferrick Neal , Chudow Jay , Di Biase Luigi , Fisher John D. , Krumerman Andrew , Ferrick Kevin J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite its clinical benefits, patient compliance to remote monitoring (RM) of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) varies and remains under‐studied in diverse populations.ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate RM compliance, clinical outcomes, and identify demographic and socioeconomic factors affecting RM in a diverse urban population in New York.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients enrolled in CIED RM at Montefiore Medical Center between December 2017 and May 2022. RM compliance was defined as the percentage of days compliant to RM transmission divided by the total prescribed days of RM. Patients were censored when they were lost to follow‐up or at the time of death. The cohorts were categorized into low (≤30%), intermediate (31–69%), and high (≥70%) RM compliance groups. Statistical analyses were conducted accordingly.ResultsAmong 853 patients, median RM compliance was 55%. Age inversely affected compliance (p < .001), and high compliance was associated with guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) usage and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)/cardiac resynchronization defibrillator (CRTD) devices. The low‐compliance group had a higher mortality rate and fewer regular clinic visits (p < .001) than high‐compliance group. Socioeconomic factors did not significantly impact compliance, while Asians showed higher compliance compared with Whites (OR 3.67; 95% CI 1.08–12.43; p = .04). Technical issues were the main reason for non‐compliance.ConclusionWe observed suboptimal compliance to RM, which occurred most frequently in older patients. Clinic visit compliance, optimal medical therapy, and lower mortality were associated with higher compliance, whereas insufficient understanding of RM usage was the chief barrier to compliance.
Myron Gordon Award Lecture 2023: Painting the neural crest: How studying pigment cells illuminates neural crest cell biology
Authors: Kelsh Robert N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt has been 30 (!!) years since I began working on zebrafish pigment cells, as a postdoc in the laboratory of Prof. Christiane Nüsslein‐Volhard. There, I participated in the first large‐scale mutagenesis screen in zebrafish, focusing on pigment cell mutant phenotypes. The isolation of colourless, shady, parade and choker mutants allowed us (as a postdoc in Prof. Judith Eisen's laboratory, and then in my own laboratory at the University of Bath since 1997) to pursue my ambition to address long‐standing problems in the neural crest field. Thus, we have studied how neural crest cells choose individual fates, resulting in our recent proposal of a new, and potentially unifying, model which we call Cyclical Fate Restriction, as well as addressing how pigment cell patterns are generated. A key feature of our work in the last 10 years has been the use of mathematical modelling approaches to clarify our biological models and to refine our interpretations. None of this would have been possible without a hugely talented group of laboratory members and other collaborators from around the world—it has been, and I am sure will continue to be, a pleasure and privilege to work with you all!
Pediatric donor heart acceptance practices in the United States: What is really being considered?
Authors: McCulloch M. A. , Alonzi L. P. , White S. C. , Haregu F. , Porter M. D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies demonstrate high offer decline and organ non‐utilization rates are associated with increased pediatric heart transplant waitlist mortality. We sought to determine which donor, candidate, and offer specific variables most importantly influenced these decisions using only data available at the time of each offer.MethodsRetrospective review of pediatric (<18 years) heart donor offers made to pediatric candidates in the United States between 2010 and 2020. In addition to standard donor, candidate, and offer data available in UNOS, we extracted objective and qualitative valvar and myocardial function data from all available donor echocardiogram reports.ResultsDuring the study period, 5625 pediatric donor hearts produced 30 156 offers to 4905 unique candidates, of which 88.7% of all offers were declined and 39.2% of organs were not utilized by pediatric waitlisted candidates. Of the 60.8% utilized hearts, 89.7% had a ‘cumulatively’ normal echocardiogram at the time of offer acceptance; 62.9% of hearts not utilized for a pediatric candidate also had a cumulatively normal final echocardiogram. Random forest and logistic regression modeling demonstrated good predictive performance (AUROC ≥0.83) of likelihood to accept when utilizing donor, candidate, and offer specific variables. SHAP variable importance scores demonstrated number of prior offer declines and candidate institution's prior year acceptance rates as the two most important variables influencing offer decisions.ConclusionsBehavioral economics appear to play a significant role in pediatric heart transplant candidate institutions' acceptance practices, even when considering the arguably healthier pediatric donor population. Removal of prior institution's decisions from DonorNet may help increase donor utilization.
Bullshit activities
Authors: Easwaran Kenny 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFrankfurt gave an account of “bullshit” as a statement made without regard to truth or falsity. Austin argued that a large amount of language consists of speech acts aimed at goals other than truth or falsity. We don't want our account of bullshit to include all performatives. I develop a modification of Frankfurt's account that makes interesting and useful categorizations of various speech acts as bullshit or not and show that this account generalizes to many other kinds of act as well. I show that this illuminates some of Graeber's classification of “bullshit jobs,” though it doesn't fully agree with it.
Simultaneous irradiation of 660 and 808 nm on gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts induces different patterns of oxidative/antioxidative activities: What is the role of the cell type and irradiation parameters?
Authors: dos Santos Anaeliza Figueiredo , Prado Flávia Cristina Rosin , de Paula Novaes Cristina , de Magalhães Ana Carolina , Deboni Maria Cristina Zindel , Corrêa Luciana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate whether simultaneous irradiation at 660 and 808 nm generates different patterns of oxidative/antioxidative activities compared to consecutive irradiation. Primary cultures of gingival keratinocytes and fibroblasts were exposed to a diose laser (660 ± 2 nm and 808 ± 2 nm, 100 mW, 0.09 cm2 spot area) using double irradiation with the two wavelengths (consecutive or simultaneous) for 6, 10, and 20 s. The two irradiation regimens did not increase cell viability in any of the experimental conditions. Lipid peroxidation was increased after consecutive irradiation in epithelial cells, which was not detected after simultaneous irradiation. After 20s of the simultaneous mode, ROS levels increased, but antioxidative balance decreased. In the fibroblasts, the two double irradiations induced ROS reduction, increase in lipid peroxidation, and improvement of antioxidative balance, mainly after the 20 s irradiation time. In conclusion, simultaneous and consecutive irradiation induced distinct oxidative stress modulation in oral epithelial cells and fibroblasts. The imbalance in the oxidative system observed after longer exposures, allied with the absence of a significant increase in the viability of the two cell types, suggests a contraindication for longer simultaneous irradiation in clinical situations that demand cellular stimulation.
Institutional sources of legitimacy in multistakeholder global governance at ICANN
Authors: Jongen Hortense , Scholte Jan Aart 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article provides a novel systematic exploration of ways and extents that institutional characteristics shape legitimacy beliefs toward multistakeholder global governance. Multistakeholderism is often argued to offer institutional advantages over intergovernmental multilateralism in handling global problems. This study examines whether, in practice, perceptions of institutional purpose, procedure, and performance affect legitimacy assessments regarding this form of global governance. The analysis focuses on the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), one of the largest and most institutionally developed global multistakeholder arrangements. Evidence comes from a mixed‐methods survey of 467 participants in ICANN. We find that this representative sample accords high importance in principle to many institutional features, and also rates the actual institutional operations of ICANN quite highly on various counts. Moreover, many institutional characteristics associate significantly with participants' legitimacy beliefs toward ICANN. However, not all institutional qualities have this significance, and the relevance of individual‐ and societal‐level circumstances indicates that institutional sources do not provide a full explanation of legitimacy. The article contributes refinements to theory of legitimacy in global governance; demonstrates the value of mixed‐methods survey work in this field; supplies unique original data and analysis; and identifies implications for the politics of (de)legitimation around multistakeholderism.
The determinants of voting for Republican congressional candidates in the Texas borderlands
Authors: Longoria Thomas , Manganaro Lynne L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveA shift of Latino voters to Republican Party candidates has been observed in recent years. Past research on presidential elections supports the idea that borderlands counties vote differently than other counties in borderlands states and tend to favor Democratic Party candidates. This study explores congressional voting patterns in the Texas borderlands.MethodsUsing county‐level data for Texas counties in 2010 and 2022, this study examines Republican congressional voting as a function of (1) borderlands cultural and economic context, (2) economic conditions, (3) social contact, and (4) religious adherence. We contribute to existing scholarship by proposing that there are three district border subregions.ResultsOverall, this study finds increased levels of support for Republican congressional candidates in the borderlands region. However, when subregions are compared, those counties with economic linkages to Mexico and rural Tejano counties are more likely to vote for Democratic Party candidates in 2010 and 2022. The West Texas borderlands region, however, is no longer distinctive from other Texas counties in terms of voting patterns in 2022.ConclusionVoters in the predominantly Latino Texas borderlands are increasingly voting for Republican congressional candidates suggesting a change in partisan attachment. The effects of foreign‐born arrivals and rising economic optimism in the borderlands may lead to more voting for Republican candidates. However, current economic realities and linkages as well as past social and political marginalization may continue to make borderlands voters distinct.
What Dynamic Approaches Have Taught Us About Cognition and What They Have Not: On Values in Motion and the Importance of Replicable Forms
Authors: Rączaszek‐Leonardi Joanna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOver the past several decades, research in the cognitive sciences has foregrounded the importance of active bodies and their continuous dependence on the changing environment, strengthening the relevance of dynamical models. These models have been steadily developed within the ecological psychology approach to cognition, which arguably contributes to the “ecological turn” we are witnessing today. The embodied and situated nature of cognition, regarded by some as a passing trend, is presently becoming a largely accepted assumption. In this paper, I claim that in light of these developments, ecological psychology, in alliance with related approaches, such as enactivism and interactivism, has the potential to deeply transform our perspectives on cognition and action, restoring their pertinence to humans as persons. However, an important challenge to the realization of this potential has to be noted: neither the mainstream information‐processing approach nor the dynamics‐oriented perspective on cognition provides an account of how the capacity of humans to use language and think “symbolically” can be derived from the continuous flow of agent−environment interaction. I will attempt to show that posing the “dynamical” and “computational” hypotheses about the nature of cognition as mutually exclusive approaches to cognition results in undesirable reductionism, which makes it difficult to meet this challenge. There are good reasons, advanced over half a century ago by, for example, Michael Polanyi or Howard Pattee, to think that we need complementary descriptions to understand cognizing systems, in order to grasp the fact that they are governed both by physical laws and by emergent historical constraints. Details of such a complementarity‐based approach still await elucidation, but some proposed solutions have the potential to ease the tension between the information‐processing and dynamical approaches to cognition and to lead to a better understanding of their interrelation.
EU agriculture under an import stop for food and feed
Authors: Thom Ferike , Gocht Alexander , Grethe Harald 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecent disruptions in international trade have had significant impacts on consumers and producers worldwide and stemmed from various reasons. This study aims to identify key vulnerabilities in EU agriculture by examining an import stop on food and feed products. By conducting this stylised simulation using a global PE model (CAPRI), the authors analyse the adjustment mechanisms within the sector, investigate regional differences within the EU and test the model's ability to depict such a comprehensive scenario. The findings suggest that oilseeds are most affected by an import stop due to their high import share. Meat is indirectly impacted as it relies on imported soy for animal feed, whereas other products with high self‐sufficiency levels are hardly affected. In response to the import stop, EU production expands, increasing nitrogen surpluses, particularly in regions already facing critical levels. Meat production partially moves out of the EU, increasing global GHG emissions. EU consumers are negatively affected by increased prices, leading to an overall welfare decrease in the EU with exceptions for few member states. Alongside EU imports, exports decrease, affecting prices and welfare outside the EU. In the least developed countries, prices increase especially for products that are already consumed less than recommended.
Effectiveness of fibrin sealants in head and neck surgery: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Nguyen Marie , Foreman Andrew , Lockwood Craig 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
This review will investigate the effectiveness of fibrin sealants in adult patients who underwent head and neck surgery.

Introduction:
Controlling bleeding is important in head and neck surgery. Complications involving nearby vital structures increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Surgical tissue adhesives are used in addition to other traditional hemostatic methods to reduce surgical site bleeding. Fibrin sealants have shown some success compared with other tissue adhesives, but individual studies have been inconclusive.

Inclusion criteria:
We will include studies comparing fibrin sealants with placebo or usual care in patients 18 years or older who have undergone soft tissue surgery of the head and neck with drain placement. Primary outcomes include wound complications and time to surgical drain removal. Secondary outcomes include length of hospital stay, drain volume output, surgical management of postoperative hematoma, rate of blood transfusions, and adverse reactions.

Methods:
We will search electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science) for studies published from 1975 onwards. Sources to be search for unpublished literature will include ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, MedNar, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Titles, abstracts, and full-text papers will be assessed against the inclusion criteria by 2 independent reviewers. Study screening and selection will be performed, and critical appraisal conducted using the standardized JBI appraisal tools. Data will be extracted by 2 independent reviewers. Meta-analysis will be conducted for all outcomes where appropriate, with weighted mean differences for continuous data. Risk ratios will be used for dichotomous data. Certainty will be reported using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023412820
Actin’ off: PD-1 suppresses F-actin rearrangement and degranulation at the immunological synapse
Authors: Acharya Sayanti , Kumari Sudha 
Published: November 2023

Programmed cell death molecule 1 (PD-1) is a negative regulator of T cell activation; however, the mechanisms by which it acts are unclear. In this issue of
Science Signaling
, Paillon
et al
. show that PD-1 inhibits actin cytoskeletal rearrangements and associated effector responses in cytotoxic T cells.
Universal PCR for bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi: a 10-year retrospective review of clinical indications and patient outcomes
Authors: Kubiak Jeffrey , Morgan Alexandra , Kirmaier Andrea , Arnaout Ramy , Riedel Stefan 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Universal PCR for bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi can aid in the diagnosis of occult infections, especially in the case of fastidious organisms or when prior antimicrobial treatment compromises culture growth. However, the limitations of this technology, including lack of specificity, high cost, long turnaround time, and lack of susceptibility data, may limit its effect on clinical outcomes. We performed a retrospective analysis of all specimens sent for universal PCR over a 10-year period from 2013 to 2022, focusing on clinical indications for test utilization and patient outcomes. All specimens required approval by a microbiology laboratory director prior to testing. A total of 708 specimens were sent from 638 patients. Of these specimens, 163 were positive, with an overall positivity rate of 23%. Pre-analytic factors associated with a positive universal PCR result were the presence of organisms on Gram stain or histology, the presence of neutrophils on Gram stain, and growth on culture. Positivity rates varied significantly by specimen type. A total of 20% of all organisms detected were deemed clinically irrelevant by the clinical services. A positive universal PCR led to a change in antibiotic management in 29% of cases. Positive fungal universal PCR results sent from hospitalized patients were associated with worse outcomes, including increased hospital mortality. Our findings suggest that factors such as the presence of organisms or neutrophils on Gram stain, specimen source/clinical context, and anticipated changes in management based on results should be strongly considered when making stewardship decisions regarding the appropriateness of this testing modality.

IMPORTANCE
Our work provides a retrospective analysis of universal PCR orders for bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi across our institution across a 10-year period. We assessed the positivity rates for this diagnostic tool by test type and specimen type and, critically, studied whether and how the results influenced the outcomes from treatment change, to readmission, to death.
The transcription factor Rpn4 activates its own transcription and induces efflux pump expression to confer fluconazole resistance in
Candida auris
Authors: Chow Eve W. L. , Song Yabing , Chen Jinxin , Xu Xiaoli , Wang Jianbin , Chen Kun , Gao Jiaxin , Wang Yue 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

The emergence and nosocomial spread of the multidrug-resistant
Candida auris
pose a severe public health threat. Most
C. auris
clinical isolates are fluconazole resistant. In this study, we conduct transposon-mediated screens to profile genes whose inactivation causes fluconazole resistance in
C. auris
. We discover that mutation of genes encoding the Ubr2/Mub1 ubiquitin-ligase complex results in high fluconazole resistance by stabilizing the transcription activator, Rpn4. Global transcriptomic analysis, quantitative PCR, and combinatorial gene deletion reveal that Rpn4 causes fluconazole resistance by upregulating four efflux pump genes,
SNQ21
,
SNQ22
,
MDR1
, and
CDR1
, increasing efflux activity of the cell. Rpn4 autoactivates its own expression by binding to a PACE element in its promoter, forming a positive autoregulatory loop. Rpn4 also promotes
CDR1
expression by binding to a PACE element in the
CDR1
promoter. Furthermore, using the published genome sequence data of 304 clinical isolates, we identified a
UBR2
A316T mutation in isolates from clades I and III. Although complementation of the
ubr2
Δ mutant with the
UBR2
A316T
allele resulted in increased susceptibility to fluconazole, the
UBR2
A316T
mutant was still more resistant to fluconazole compared to wild type, suggesting that acquisition of the mutation is sufficient to confer an increase in fluconazole resistance. In conclusion, this study identifies Rpn4 as a critical transcription factor that regulates fluconazole resistance via the Rpn4-efflux pump axis in
C. auris
.

IMPORTANCE

Candida auris
is a recently emerged pathogenic fungus of grave concern globally due to its resistance to conventional antifungals. This study takes a whole-genome approach to explore how
C. auris
overcomes growth inhibition imposed by the common antifungal drug fluconazole. We focused on gene disruptions caused by a “jumping genetic element” called transposon, leading to fluconazole resistance. We identified mutations in two genes, each encoding a component of the Ubr2/Mub1 ubiquitin-ligase complex, which marks the transcription regulator Rpn4 for degradation. When either protein is absent, stable Rpn4 accumulates in the cell. We found that Rpn4 activates the expression of itself as well as the main drug efflux pump gene
CDR1
by binding to a PACE element in the promoter. Furthermore, we identified an amino acid change in Ubr2 in many resistant clinical isolates, contributing to Rpn4 stabilization and increased fluconazole resistance.
Draft genomes of two rhizosphere associated bacterial isolates from Tims Branch, a heavy metal contaminated wetland
Authors: Losey Nathaniel A. , Kuhne Wendy W. , Lin Peng , Kaplan Daniel I. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Two bacterial isolates were recovered from wetland sediments from Tims Branch, a heavy metal contaminated wetland located at the Savannah River Site. Draft genomes of the two recovered isolates,
Rhodoblastus
strain 17X3 and
Comamonas
strain 17RB, were generated from Illumina MiSeq sequencing data.