bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of clinical rotational posting on attitude toward psychiatry of undergraduate medical students in Malaysia
Authors: Chakraborty Prashanta K. , Chaudhury Suprakash , Chaudhari Bhushan , Hussain Mohd , How Sharon Lilian 
Published: November 2023

Background:Almost all over the world, psychiatry training of undergraduate medical students has been criticized to be deficient in imparting required knowledge and improving the perception of students towards psychiatry and psychiatric treatment. Considering the large mental health need gap in the community, it is essential to improve undergraduate students' attitude toward psychiatry.Aim:Hence, this study was planned to study the impact of psychiatry clinical posting on attitude toward psychiatry of undergraduate medical students.Materials and Methods:Undergraduate medical students undergoing psychiatry posting were assessed on the first and last day of clinical posting with the help of semi-structured proforma consisting of sociodemographic information, favored future career choice, the relevance of psychiatry to their future careers, the usefulness of particular knowledge and skills, the value of knowledge of psychiatric specialties and the utility of different settings for learning psychiatry.Results:After their clinical posting, students had a more positive attitude towards the usefulness of psychiatry knowledge in future general practice and the usefulness of psychiatry knowledge from undergraduate training in the future. Knowledge of alcohol withdrawal management, detection and management of delirium, and Mental Health Acts were perceived more essential in the future. Also, specialties such as deaddiction and child and adolescent psychiatry were felt more useful in future practice. After posting, students perceived that psychiatry can also be learned at medical and surgical wards as well as during home visits. However, despite some positive changes in attitude toward psychiatry, there was no significant change in choosing psychiatry as a career by the students after posting.Conclusion:Undergraduate psychiatry training during clinical posting was able to make some positive changes in the knowledge and attitude of students. However, still, there were lacunae in some areas of concern. Preference of psychiatry as a branch of specialization was not increased after posting. This indicates the need for better reforms in psychiatry education at the undergraduate level to improve the perception of undergraduate students about psychiatry.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of general population: A comparison study between rural and urban population
Authors: Nallapu Sandeep , Ghonge Swati , Johnson Subhash , Vajjala Sai Mahesh , Palal Deepu 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the mental health of the population globally with the increase in cases of depression, suicide, and self-harm. According to the World Health Organization, there has been an increase of 28% and 26% in major depressive disorders and anxiety, respectively, during 1 year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Only a few studies had been conducted in India assessing mental health, especially the post hoc effect of a pandemic. Therefore, the current study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in rural against urban populations as well as the contributing factors viz age, gender, socioeconomic class, change in occupation, and income.

Materials and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2021 to February 2022 among participants residing in the area covered by the Urban Health Training Centre (Ajmera, Pimpri, Pune) and Rural Health Training Centre (Alandi, Pune) of a medical college in Pune. One hundred fifty-four participants (total of 308) above 18 years of age who were not diagnosed or under treatment for psychiatric illness were interviewed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21) to screen for anxiety, depression, and stress in each setting.

Results:
Overall prevalence of mental distress was 35.71% (n = 110). In the rural area, it was 29.2% (n = 45) as compared to 42.2% (n = 65). in the urban category. The prevalence of depression was significantly higher in urban areas (33.1%) compared to rural areas (19.4%), with an overall prevalence of 26.3%. The net prevalence of anxiety and stress was 35.7% and 15.6%, respectively, which were also higher in urban areas (Anxiety OR = 1.769, P = 0.018*; Stress OR = 2.262, P = 0.013). The upper middle class had the least psychological problems. Overall, 11% of participants had lost their jobs; 48.75% in rural and 37% of urban participants had a decrease in their income.

Conclusion:
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an increased burden of mental illness. The prevalence of mental health problems is alarmingly high, especially in urban communities. To combat the global mental health pandemic, the interventions that mediate psychological distress must be quickly implemented. Due importance should be given to mental healthcare in the community.
Sexual dysfunction in men with alcohol dependence
Authors: Singh Ichhpreet , Patkar Prajakta , Dhamija Sana , Chaudhury Suprakash , Javadekar Archana , Saldanha Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Prolonged and excessive use of alcohol can affect the sexual function. The occurrence of sexual dysfunction has adverse psychological and interpersonal consequences.

Aim:
To assess the occurrence and correlates of sexual dysfunction in individuals suffering from alcohol dependence.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy male subjects hospitalized in a tertiary care hospital for treatment of alcohol dependence syndrome with simple withdrawal symptoms were included in the study with their informed consent. Their sexual function was evaluated utilizing a 14-item changes in sexual functioning questionnaire.

Results:
According to the findings of the current study, sexual dysfunction is quite prevalent in alcohol-dependent people (75.7%). Erectile dysfunction was the most common disorder, followed by diminished sexual desire and early ejaculation.

Conclusion:
Alcohol-dependence patients have a high prevalence of sexual dysfunctions. In routine clinical practice, this may be overlooked. Clinicians must be made aware of the frequent occurrence of sexual disorders in alcohol dependence patients.
Academic stress in high school students during the transition from online to offline exams: A retrospective study from post-COVID-19 era
Authors: Rure Daisy , Kaithwas Nisha , Singh Rajesh , Shakya Makhan 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Stress is a common phenomenon. Everyone faces stress, albeit of different intensity and due to different reasons. Stress in students can be due to many reasons—non-academic and academic. Academic stress is a major deciding factor in the fluctuation in academic achievements. It has also been implicated in mental illnesses like depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and even suicide, and physical illnesses like hypertension, obesity, etc., Additionally, post-COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, there have been adverse effects on the education sector due to the offline–online mode of classes.

Aim:
To assess academic stress in high school students, to compare stress between male and female students, and to find the correlation of academic stress with the 10th standard's result, i.e. percentage.

Material and Methods:
A retrospective study was designed by the Department of Psychiatry, of a medical college of Madhya Pradesh in schools of Khandwa and nearby areas from June 2022 to August 2022. A total of 162 high school students were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Perception of Academic Stress (PAS) scale and Scale for Assessing Academic Stress (SAAS) were used to assess academic stress. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 25 using the Student t-test and Pearson correlation tests.

Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 15.82 ± 0.81 years. There was a significant difference in the mean percentage of the 9th and 10th standard. Both genders differed significantly in class percentages, but not the mean SAAS score. Most students had moderate stress. Only the cognitive indicator of SAAS was found to be significantly correlated with 10th standard percentages.

Conclusion:
Academic stress is ubiquitous. External factors like the transition from online to offline exams in addition to anticipation of the exams themselves can add to the stress. Prompt identification of stress can alleviate the emergence of future psychiatric illnesses.
Augmenting mental health literacy of troops in a large military station: A novel approach
Authors: Saini Rajiv , Das R. C. , Chatterjee Kaushik , Srivastava Kalpana , Khera Anurag , Agrawal Sunil 
Published: November 2023

Background:Mental health literacy (MHL) helps in acknowledging the symptoms at an early stage, thus promoting prompt management of negative stress behaviors. Despite the central thrust towards augmentation of MHL of troops, there is a paucity of available literature on the subject matter, especially in the Indian context. Current research explores the efficacy of a standardized Information Education and Communication (IEC) module for the promotion of MHL among troops.Materials and Methods:1200 soldiers posted in a large military station underwent a psycho-educational module about stress and related mental health conditions in an open-label experimental study. Data was collected using a simple demographic tool and a specially constructed Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC) mental health awareness questionnaire. The same sample was studied before the IEC activity, immediately after the IEC activity, and again after six months.Results:Community-based psycho-educational module helped in improvement in MHL and the gains were stable at six months.Conclusions:Well-standardized and structured module was found to be an effective strategy for improving MHL. The authors consider this study as seminal for bringing objectivity to mental health promotional programs in the Armed Forces.
Translation and psychometrics of the Bengali adaptation of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale
Authors: Ali Tahoora , Chaudhury Suprakash , Kumar Santosh , Dixit Vidhata , Diwan Chetan , Kelkar Parisha 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) was developed in April 2020 as an instrument to gauge the symptoms of stress and anxiety occurring secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was constructed using the English language due to which its application to a multi-linguistic country like India became a hindrance.

Aim:
To establish psychometric validity and reliability of the Bengali translation of CAS.

Materials and Methods:
Experts well-versed in the English and Bengali languages translated CAS from English to Bengali. This was followed by further correction by forward and backward translation processes until a version with high accuracy and low redundancy was procured. The original scale was applied to 91 volunteers, and the translated version was applied to the same group after 14 days.

Results:
The mean scores of the original version and the translated version showed a significant correlation. The Bengali version of CAS had high internal consistency, significant concurrent validity, and acceptable split-half reliability. It was hence deemed easily understandable and capable of measuring anxiety due to COVID-19 similar to the original scale.

Conclusion:
The Bengali translation of the CAS can be accurately used to assess symptoms of anxiety and stress with high reliability and validity in those who are able to read the Bengali language.
Guided imagery for anxiety disorder: Therapeutic efficacy and changes in quality of life
Authors: Kumari Dolly , Patil Jaideep 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Patients with anxiety disorder were showing severity of anxiety symptoms as well as poor quality of life. Guided imagery (GI) provides immediate relaxation, and improves the severity of anxiety symptoms and the quality of life of patients with anxiety disorder. Anxiety is a basic emotion that is required as a motivation for everyday work of life. Anxiety presents a complex cognitive, affective, physiological, and behavioral response that is related to future harm (real or perceived).

Aim:
To study the efficacy of GI intervention on patients with anxiety disorder and their quality of life.

Materials and Methods:
This longitudinal, interventional study was done in a state institute of mental health, psychiatric unit on 20 patients (outpatients) with anxiety disorder, diagnosed according to diagnostic criteria of research ICD-10 DCR. Patients were assessed using a sociodemographic and clinical data sheet, Hamilton anxiety scale, and World Health Organization QOL instrument, short-form (WHOQOL-BREF), Hindi version.

Results:
Patients with anxiety disorder in the experimental group improved as compared with the control group significantly. The mean QOL-BREF score was also improved after intervention in the intervention group.

Conclusion:
GI intervention helps reduce the severity of anxiety symptoms and improve the quality of life in patients with anxiety disorder.
The effect of combining humic and fulvic acids poultice on wound healing in male rats
Authors: Gheibi Nematollah , Samiee-Rad Fatemeh , Sofiabadi Mohammad , Mosayebi Ebrahim , Shalbaf Zahra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Finding new compounds to accelerate wound healing is critical today. Humic substances or fulvic acid each have anti-inflammatory properties.

Aims and Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of poultice 0.5% containing humic and fulvic acids on wound healing in male rats.

Materials and Methods:
An animal model was arranged by making a full-thickness skin wound was created in each rat. Animals were randomly divided into control, sham, and treatment groups. To investigate the effect of humic and fulvic acids combining poultice, the wound area and histological analyses of the number of inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and angiogenesis were evaluated for 21 days.

Results:
The animals in the treated group showed higher wound healing percentage, angiogenesis, and fibroblast distribution compared with the control (P < 0.001). Moreover, the topical administration of humic and fulvic acids 0.5% poultice decreased the mean number of inflammatory cells significantly than the other groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The topical administration of a poultice containing humic and fulvic acid accelerated wound healing by increasing angiogenesis and fibroblast and reducing inflammatory cell distribution in a rat model.
Real-time ultrasound guidance in the endoscopic endonasal resection of a retro-odontoid pannus: Technical note and case illustration
Authors: Weber Matthieu D. , Finger Guilherme , Munjal Vikas , Wu Kyle C. , Jawad Basit , Akhter Asad S. , Chakravarthy Vikram B. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Prevedello Daniel M. 
Published: November 2023

Background and Objectives:
Odontoidectomy is a surgical procedure indicated in the setting of various pathologies, with the main goal of decompressing the ventral brain stem and spinal cord as a result of irreducible compression at the craniovertebral junction. The endoscopic endonasal approach has been increasingly used as an alternative to the transoral approach as it provides a straightforward, panoramic, and direct approach to the odontoid process. In addition, intraoperative ultrasound (US) guidance is a technique that can optimize safety and surgical outcomes in this context. It is used as an adjunct to neuronavigation and provides intraoperative confirmation of decompression of craniovertebral junction structures in real time. The authors aim to present the use and safe application of real-time intraoperative US guidance during endonasal endoscopic resection of a retro-odontoid pannus.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of a single case was performed and presented herein as a case report and narrated operative video.

Results:
A minimally invasive US transducer was used intraoperatively to guide the resection of a retro-odontoid pannus and confirm spinal cord decompression in real time. Postoperative examination of the patient revealed immediate neurological improvement.

Conclusions:
Intraoperative ultrasonography is a well described and useful modality in neurosurgery. However, the use of intraoperative US guidance during endonasal endoscopic approaches to the craniovertebral junction has not been previously described. As demonstrated in this technical note, the authors show that this imaging modality can be added to the ever-evolving armamentarium of neurosurgeons to safely guide the decompression of neural structures within the craniocervical junction with good surgical outcomes.
Predictors of reoperation for spinal disorders in Chiari malformation patients with prior surgical decompression
Authors: Onafowokan Oluwatobi O. , Das Ankita , Mir Jamshaid M. , Alas Haddy , Williamson Tyler K. , Mcfarland Kimberly , Varghese Jeffrey , Naessig Sara , Imbo Bailey , Passfall Lara , Krol Oscar , Tretiakov Peter , Joujon-Roche Rachel , Dave Pooja , Moattari Kevin , Owusu-Sarpong Stephane , Lebovic Jordan , Vira Shaleen , Diebo Bassel , Lafage Virginie , Passias Peter Gust 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Chiari malformation (CM) is a cluster of related developmental anomalies of the posterior fossa ranging from asymptomatic to fatal. Cranial and spinal decompression can help alleviate symptoms of increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure and correct spinal deformity. As surgical intervention for CM increases in frequency, understanding predictors of reoperation may help optimize neurosurgical planning.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective analysis of the prospectively collected Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s California State Inpatient Database years 2004–2011. Chiari malformation Types 1–4 (queried with ICD-9 CM codes) with associated spinal pathologies undergoing stand-alone spinal decompression (queried with ICD-9 CM procedure codes) were included. Cranial decompressions were excluded.

Results:
One thousand four hundred and forty-six patients (29.28 years, 55.6% of females) were included. Fifty-eight patients (4.01%) required reoperation (67 reoperations). Patients aged 40–50 years had the most reoperations (11); however, patients aged 15–20 years had a significantly higher reoperation rate than all other groups (15.5% vs. 8.2%, P = 0.048). Female gender was significantly associated with reoperation (67.2% vs. 55.6%, P = 0.006). Medical comorbidities associated with reoperation included chronic lung disease (19% vs. 6.9%, P < 0.001), iron deficiency anemia (10.3% vs. 4.1%, P = 0.024), and renal failure (3.4% vs. 0.9%, P = 0.05). Associated significant cluster anomalies included spina bifida (48.3% vs. 34.8%, P = 0.035), tethered cord syndrome (6.9% vs. 2.1%, P = 0.015), syringomyelia (12.1% vs. 5.9%, P = 0.054), hydrocephalus (37.9% vs. 17.7%, P < 0.001), scoliosis (13.8% vs. 6.4%, P = 0.028), and ventricular septal defect (6.9% vs. 2.3%, P = 0.026).

Conclusions:
Multiple medical and CM-specific comorbidities were associated with reoperation. Addressing them, where possible, may aid in improving CM surgery outcomes.
Vertebral artery is an anatomical landmark in the posterior unilateral resection of cervical benign nerve sheath tumors with dumbbell extension of Eden type 2 or 3
Authors: Yagi Ryokichi , Fukumura Masao , Omura Naoki , Hiramatsu Ryo , Kameda Masahiro , Nonoguchi Naosuke , Furuse Motomasa , Kawabata Shinji , Takami Toshihiro , Wanibuchi Masahiko 
Published: November 2023

Background:
In the cervical nerve sheath tumor (NST) surgery with dumbbell extension of Eden type 2 or 3, selection of anterior, posterior, or combined approach remains controversial.

Objectives:
This technical note aimed to propose possible advantages of the posterior unilateral approach (PUA). Methods: Six patients who underwent the surgical treatment of cervical NSTs with dumbbell extension of Eden type 2 or 3 were included. The critical surgical steps included (1) complete separation of extradural and intradural procedures, (2) careful peeling of the neural membranes (epineurium and perineurium) from the tumor surface in the extradural procedure, (3) complete removal of the extradural tumor within the neural membranes, (4) intradural disconnection of tumor origin, and (5) intentional tumor removal up to the vertebral artery (VA), i.e., the VA line.

Results:
The tumor location of dumbbell extension was Eden types 2 and 3 in two and four patients. Gross total resection was achieved in two patients and intentional posterior removal of the tumor to the VA line was achieved in the remaining four patients. No vascular or neural injuries associated with surgical procedures occurred. Postoperative neurological assessment revealed no symptomatic aggravation in all patients. No secondary surgery was performed during the study period.

Conclusion:
PUA was safe and less invasive for functional recovery and tumor resection, if the anatomical relationship between the tumor and VA is clearly understood. The VA line is an important anatomical landmark to limit the extent of tumor resection.
Truncations of generalized shift-invariant systems
Authors: Christensen Ole , Garcia Alvarez Pablo , Kim Rae Young 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe provide conditions under which a generalized shift-invariant (GSI) system can be approximated by a GSI system for which the generators have compact support in the Fourier domain. The approximation quality will be measured in terms of the Bessel bound (upper frame bound) for the difference between the two GSI systems. In particular, this leads to easily verifiable conditions for a perturbation of a GSI system to preserve the frame property.
The Translation Quality of Clinically Oriented Anatomy Book in Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni Dina Sri , Sofyan Rudy , Zein T. Thyrhaya 
Published: November 2023

The objective of this study are to identify the accuracy of the medical translation and describe the result of the quality translation of the Clinically Oriented Anatomy book in Bahasa Indonesia. This is a descriptive, qualitative research which focus on single case, objective of the data is the medical terminology that found in the translation process. The data collected by Focus Group Discussion, Interview, and Questioner with the key informants who is a specialist dentist, and two general dentist. The number of the data is 359, the result of the research showed that 36.49 % from the specialist doctor, 34.81% from the general dentist and the last 35.93% that give the scale of the accuracy in the translation. It can be conclude that, the accuracy of the transaltion is less accurate.