bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presence of Epstein‐Barr virus harbouring small and intermediate‐sized cells in Hodgkin'S disease. Is there a relationship with Reed‐Sternberg cells?
Authors: Jiwa N. M. , Kanavaros P. , De Bruin P. C. , Valk P. Van Der , Horstman A. , Vos W. , Mullink H. , Walboomers J. M. M. , Meijer C. J. L. M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractForty‐four cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD), mostly of the nodular sclerosing type, were investigated for the presence of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA and RNA in situ hybridization (DISH, RISH), as well as by immunohistochemistry for the detection of latent membrane protein‐1 (LMP‐1) of EBV. in situ hybridization (ISH) was combined with immunohistochemistry to correlate the presence and activity of the virus at the cellular level. In 18/34 (53 per cent) cases, EBV‐DNA sequences could be detected with the PCR method. In 12/18 positive cases, DISH and RISH were also positive. In the remaining six EBV‐PCR positive cases, two were also positive with RISH and LMP‐1, whereas no positive signal with DISH could be obtained. All DISH and/or RISH positive cases were also positive for LMP‐1. With RISH, not only the Reed‐Sternberg cells and their mononuclear variants (RS cells) stained positive, but also small and intermediate cells frequently reacted with the EBV‐specific probes (EBER‐1 and ‐2). Double staining with cellular markers (CD3, CD20, CD45, CD45RO, CD68, and the lectin PNA) revealed that most of the smaller EBER‐positive cells frequently did not express T, B, or histiocytic markers, but that they, as well as the RS cells, showed cytoplasmic and membranous staining with PNA. These smaller EBER‐positive cells were not found in EBV‐PCR negative HD. EBER‐positive RS cells were almost always LMP‐1 positive, as well as a substantial proportion of the intermediate‐sized cells, whereas the majority of the small EBER‐positive cells remained LMP‐1 negative. In EBV‐PCR positive non‐malignant lymph nodes, only a few EBER‐1 and ‐2 positive cells could be observed. As in infectious mononucleosis, these cells frequently expressed the B‐cell marker CD20. Although we cannot exclude the fact that the majority of the smaller EBV‐positive cells in HD belong to reactive EBV‐infected lymphocytes, our data favour the hypothesis that at least some of these smaller cells may belong to the reservoir of neoplastic cells in HD.
Reciprocal expression of CD34 and cell adhesion molecule ELAM‐1 on vascular endothelium in acute cutaneous graft‐versus‐host disease
Authors: Norton J. , Sloane J. P. , Delia D. , Greaves M. F. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe expression of CD34 and endothelial leucocyte adhesion molecule‐1 (ELAM‐1) on endothelial cells was studied in skin biopsies from normal human donors and recipients of allogeneic bone marrow. Both molecules were demonstrable on a variable number of cells in normals with no significant change after marrow transplantation in patients with no clinical evidence of skin disease. In patients with graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD), however, there was a striking decrease in CD34‐positive cells with a corresponding increase in ELAM‐1 positivity. These changes were similar to those occurring in cultured endothelial cells after the addition of certain cytokines. They were seen only in the presence of a lymphocytic infiltrate and were not observed in the early stages of GvHD before lymphocytic infiltration was discernible. The reciprocal expression of these molecules may thus be important in the adhesion of lymphocytes to endothelium and their entry into the skin in GvHD and may be modulated by local cytokine release.
Proliferation of reactive and neoplastic human tissue mast cells. An immunohistochemical study using the antibody PC10 (anti‐PCNA)
Authors: Horny Hans‐Peter , Schumacher Udo , McCullagh Paul , Wehrmann Manfred , Rochf William R. , Kaiserling Edwin 
Published: June 2005

AbstractStudies on the proliferative compartment of human tissue mast cells (MCs) and their tumours (mastocytosis) have not been performed. We have used the monoclonal antibody PC 10 to study MCs in reactive or hyperplastic states (chronic non‐specific lymphadenitis, n = 10; benign and malignant solid tumours, n = 5) and in the various subtypes of mastocytosis (urticaria pigmentosa, n = 22; solitary mastocytoma of the skin, n = 7; systemic mastocytosis; n = 8; malignant mastocytosis, n = 4). The identification of PC10‐positive MC nuclei was achieved by double staining. We found no PC10‐positive MCs in reactive or hyperplastic states, or in 14 of 22 cases of urticaria pigmentosa. PC 10‐positive MCs could be identified in all other mastocytoses but mostly in very low numbers. The mean percentages of PC10‐positive MCs amounted to 0.5 in eight positive cases of urticaria pigmentosa, 1.2 in mastocytoma, 0.7 in sytemic mastocytosis, and 4.0 in malignant mastocytosis. The difference between the latter form of mastocytosis and each of the other subtypes proved to be significant (P<0.05). The very smali proliferative compartment in the cutaneous and sytemic variants of mastocytosis is in accord with their favourable prognosis Most of the patients with systemic mastocytosis in the present study are all alive and well up to 12 years after diagnosis. In contrast, most of the patients with malignant mastocytosis died within 1 year of diagnosis.
Patterns and composition of basement membranes in colon adenomas and adenocarcinomas
Authors: Visser Robbert , Arends Jan W. , Leigh Irene M. , Bosman Fred T. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractWe studied the distribution of type IV collagen and type VII collagen in the basement membranes of normal mucosa of the colon, adenomas, and adenocarcinomas using immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence techniques. In normal mucosa, we found regular type IV collagen‐positive basement membranes, lining vascular structures and mucosal epithelia. These basement membranes, however, lacked type VII collagen. In adenomas of the colon, intact basement membranes were observed through type IV collagen staining. Type VII collagen staining was also detected, but only in connection with dysplastic epithelium. Adjacent to the dysplastic epithelium in adenomas, histologically normal epithelium also showed type VII collagen staining along the basement membrane, but this was restricted to the epithelium of the luminal surface. These areas were also investigated for expression of keratins 8, 18, and 19, and keratins 5 and 8 (monoclonal antibodies NCL‐5D3 and RCK 102, respectively), but altered differentiation was not detected using this technique. In adenocarcinomas of the colon, type IV collagen was irregularly deposited in the basement membrane of neoplastic tubules. Type VII collagen staining was detected only in well or moderately differentiated carcinomas and in higher amounts. Our findings therefore reveal a transient expression of type VII collagen in the transition of dysplastic epithelium into carcinoma, suggesting the involvement of type VII collagen in the process of early invasion.
Synthesis and degradation of basement membranes in benign and malignant salivary gland tumours. A study by in situ hybridization
Authors: Soini Ylermi , Autio‐Harmainen Helena 
Published: June 2005

AbstractIn this study we investigated the mRNA expressions of 72 kD and 92 kD type IV collagenases, al (IV) chain of type IV collagen, and laminin Bl chain mRNAs in a set of malignant and benign salivary gland tumours and compared the results with non‐neoplastic salivary gland tissue. While only a few cases expressed 72 kD type IV collagenase mRNA or a1 (IV) chain of type IV collagen mRNA in tumour cells, 92 kD type IV collagenase and laminin mRNA synthesis could be seen in the neoplastic cells of many tumours. Stromal fibroblasts or endothelial cells demonstrated mRNA synthesis for all these proteins to a variable degree except for Warthin's tumours, in which no synthetic activity for any of the proteins could be seen. Since signals for 92 kD type IV collagenase mRNA could be seen in non‐neoplastic epithelial cells of the salivary gland, the synthesis of 92 kD type IV collagenase by tumour cells can be regarded as an intrinsic property of salivary gland epithelial cells. The pattern of mRNA synthesis for 72 kD and 92 kD type IV collagenases follows that observed in other tumours, in which the stromal cells also mainly synthesize 72 kD type IV collagenase while epithelial tumour cells more readily express 92 kD type IV collagenase mRNA. The synthesis of type IV collagenases by malignant tumours has been suggested to be of crucial importance for invasion and metastasis. The expression of both collagenases in benign tumours, such as pleomorphic adenomas, indicates that more complex mechanisms, such as disturbances in the regulation of enzyme activity, are involved in the spread and invasion of salivary gland tumours than merely the synthesis of 72 kD and 92 kD collagenases.
The specificity of integrin‐ligand interactions in cultured human renal epithelium
Authors: Rahilly Maeve A. , Fleming Stewart 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMembers of the β1 integrin family are present at the basolateral membrane of human renal tubuiar epithelium in vivo and at the ventral surfaces of cultured renal epithelial cells, at‐the sites appropriate for cell substratum adhesion. In this study we have proven that these molecules are indeed functional in mediating cell substratum attachment in normal human renal epithelium by using monoclonal antibodies to integrin α subunits to block initial cell attachment. The importance of arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid (RGD) recognition by cell surface receptors in various extracellular ligands was also examined using synthetic peptides. RGDS peptide strongly inhibited attachment to plain plastic or fibronectin‐coated substrata but had no effect on cell adhesion to laminin‐coated coverslips.
Transforming growth factor alpha and CD68 immunoreactivity in giant cell tumours of bone: A study on the nature of stromal and giant cells, and their interrelations
Authors: Hasegawa Tadashi , Hirose Takanori , Seki Kunihiko , Sano Toshiaki , Hizawa Kazuo 
Published: June 2005

AbstractTo clarify the nature of neoplastic cells, 17 giant cell tumours of bone were studied histologically and immunohisto‐chemically. L1 antigen and S‐100 protein were not detected in the tumour giant cells and stromal cells, although present in non‐neoplastic macrophages. The giant cells in all the lesions, some stromal cells, and osteoclasts in the normal bone showed CD68 and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) immunoreactivity. Fibrohistiocytic antigen, factor XIIIa, was expressed in large numbers of stromal cells in all lesions. Some stromal cells expressed α‐smooth muscle actin and osteocalcin. These immunohistochemical results suggested that the stromal cells of giant cell tumours of bone showed histiocytic and occasional myofibroblastic and osteoblastic differentiation. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen was demonstrated in the nuclei of the stromal cells only, indicating that these were the sole proliferating elements. TGFα produced by the giant cells and some stromal cells may play a role as a mediator for the attraction and/or proliferation of the precursor cells, and may suppress the activity of osteoblastic stromal cells, resulting in restricted bone formation in giant cell tumours.
Immunohistochemical comparison of cutaneous histiocytoses and related skin disorders: Diagnostic and histogenetic relevance of MS‐1 high molecular weight protein expression
Authors: Goerdt Sergij , Kolde Gerhard , Bonsmann Gisela , Hamann Kathrin , Czarnetzki Beate , Andreesen Reinhard , Luger Thomas , Sorg Clemens 
Published: June 2005

AbstractTwenty‐nine cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), non‐Langerhans cell histiocytoses (N‐LCH), noninfectious granulomas, and fibroblast‐related lesions were examined with a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies on freshly frozen tissue sections to characterize the macrophage phenotype of N‐LCH syndromes. MS‐1 high molecular weight extracellular protein, specific for sinusoidal endothelial cells and dendritic perivascular macrophages in normal human organs, was expressed by N‐LCH cells but was not found in LCH cells, epithelioid cells in sarcoidosis, or palisading histiocytes in granuloma annulare. The subcellular location of MS‐1 protein, i.e., cytoplasmic vs. peripheral/extracellular, allowed discrimination of small and large (foamy or multinucleated) N‐LCH cells. MS‐1‐positive cells, which were found intermingled in cellular dermatofibromas but not in fibrous dermatofibromas, differed from MS‐1‐positive N‐LCH cells by their dendritic morphology, and thus rather resembled their normal dermal counterparts. A preserved functional relationship of these two MS‐1‐positive cell types was indicated by the fact that N‐LCH and cellular dermatofibromas were the only lesions found to be highly vascularized. As expected, CD1a showed high specificity for LCH, while CD34 was predominantly expressed by fibroblast‐related lesions; in cellular dermatofibromas, CD34 and MS‐1 expression partially overlapped. The other antigens tested showed non‐specific or overlapping patterns of expression. In conclusion, assessment of MS‐1 protein expression (in addition to assessment of CD1a and CD34) promises to be of diagnostic value in the discrimination of N‐LCH from related skin disorders, and it may indicate a common differentiative pathway for most N‐LCH disease entities.
The behaviour of liposarcoma in tissue culture. A specific growth pattern
Authors: Tardio Juan , Escalona‐zapata Julio , Diez‐nau D. Dolores 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThere have been few studies of liposarcoma in tissue culture. We report a study of 27 cases of liposarcoma including examples of all subtypes in tissue culture. All the cases showed a uniform growth pattern of glass adherence by polygonal cells with short processes distributed in a random fashion. The cytoplasm of these cells became progressively loaded with glycogen followed by lipid droplets. These lipid droplets tended to fuse progressively to form a single or dominant vacuole. At the same time, the cells tended to adopt a rounded shape. This pattern of growth, which was seen in all subtypes of liposarcoma with minimal variation, is different from that shown by other soft tissue tumours and is similar to the growth of embryonal fat in tissue culture.
Cathepsin D immunocytochemical assays in breast carcinomas: Image analysis and correlation to prognostic factors
Authors: Charpin Colette , Devictor Bénédicte , Bonnier Pascal , Andrac Lucile , Lavaut Marie Noëlle , Allasia Claude , Piana Lucien 
Published: June 2005

AbstractImmunocytochemical assays of cathepsin D were assessed in a series of breast carcinomas (n=257) using monoclonal M1G8 anti‐total cathepsin D and the avidin‐biotin‐peroxidase complex. Cathepsin immunoreactivity was compared in frozen and paraffin sections. All tumours were anti‐cathepsin‐positive. Positive staining was observed in carcinoma and stromal cells and in the extracellular matrix. The amount of immunodetectable cathepsin in tissue was measured by computer‐assisted image analysis (SAMBA 2005). Both the percentage of immunostained tumour surface and the mean optical densities were processed as continuous variables for statistical analysis and correlated with prognostic factors. It was shown that cathepsin D was independent of the tumour size, the lymph node status, hormone receptors, and pHER‐2/neu overexpression. Cathepsin was significantly correlated with anti‐EGFR (P=0.012) and Ki67 (P=0.002) immunoreactivity, tumour grade (P=0.032), vascular invasion (P=0.0081), proliferation index (P=0.0045), and, to a lesser extent with AgNORs (P=0.0504) and the degree of hyperploidy (P=0.057). Tissue fixation and paraffin embedding significantly decreased cathepsin immunoreactivity. These results show that cathepsin D is not a totally independent prognostic factor in breast carcinomas.
Papillomavirus screening in cervical cell samples using dual‐label dot‐blot analysis
Authors: Potter Colin G. , Cooper Kum , Stickland Julia E. , Ramshaw Anna L. , O' McGee James D. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cells is closely related to the development of cervical carcinoma. Detection of virus may be by Southern blot, dot blot or the highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction. Whatever method is employed, there are problems of false negatives due to poor clinical samples in which the DNA may be degraded or is absent altogether. Here we describe a new method of dual labelling for dot blots using a 32P‐labelled probe for HPV and a 35S‐labelled probe for human actin genes. The samples were counted on a Betaplate™ flat‐bed scintillation counter and the data analysed to separate the activities of the two isotopes. The counts from the actin probe show whether human DNA is present or not and false negatives from this cause may thereby be eliminated. The counts due to HPV when compared with those for actin give a quantitative measure of HPV abundance for the particular sample and this may have clinical relevance.
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of human embryonic notochords: Clue to the pathogenesis of chordoma
Authors: Salisbury Jonathan R. , Deverell Mark H. , Cookson M. John , Whimster William F. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThree‐dimensional reconstruction experiments performed on serial sections of human embryos showed that the anatomy of the caudal and rostral ends of the notochord was complex. Forking of the ends, with separate fragments of chordal tissue, was demonstrated and these provide a way by which notochordal cell rests could be left behind in the basicranial and sacral regions when the notochord involutes elsewhere. Assuming the histogenesis of chordomas from notochordal cell rests, this would furnish an explanation for the observed skeletal distribution of chordomas.
Clinical necropsy rates during the 1980s: The continued decline
Authors: Start R. D. , McCulloch T. A. , Benbow E. W. , Lauder I. , Underwood J. C. E. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe trends in necropsy rates during the 1980s in three groups of British teaching hospitals in Leicester, Manchester, and Sheffield were compared in a retrospective study. The clinical necropsy rates declined in all three cities: in Leicester, from 16 to 10 per cent; in Manchester, from 14 to 8 per cent; and in Sheffield from 18 to 11 per cent. The medico‐legal and overall necropsy rates showed variable trends between the cities. Specific events and changes in organization during the review period were correlated with the changing trends. The observed trends emphasize the continued decline in clinical necropsy rates over the last decade and illustrate the importance of monitoring differential necropsy rates.
Apoptotic bodies in a murine model of alcoholic liver disease: Reversibility of ethanol‐induced changes
Authors: Goldin R. D. , Hunt N. C. , Clark J. , Wickramasinghe S. N. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ethanol exposure on the location and number of apoptotic bodies in murine liver. Livers from 21 control mice were compared with those of 41 animals exposed to ethanol vapour by inhalation for up to 23 days. In the control livers, apoptotic bodies were identified in association with 36 per cent of the terminal hepatic venules examined and 88 per cent of these bodies were located in the first two rows of perivenular hepatocytes. By comparison, in the ethanol‐exposed group, apoptotic bodies were observed in association with 72 per cent of the terminal hepatic venules examined and more were found further from them. This increase in the number of apoptotic bodies was shown to depend on the duration of ethanol exposure and, furthermore, the effects of ethanol were shown to be completely reversed by a period of abstinence. These results indicate that ethanol exposure has time‐dependent, reversible effects on both the location and the number of apoptotic bodies in murine liver. This extends knowledge gained from previous work on rat livers.
Immunohistochemical detection of cd1a antigen in formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissue sections with monoclonal antibody 010
Authors: Krenàcs Làszlò , Tiszalvicz Làszlò , Krenàcs Tibor , Boumsell Laurence 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe immunoreactivity of a CD1a monoclonal antibody (MAb), denoted 010, was investigated by means of the streptavidin‐biotin‐peroxidase method in formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissues from 47 cases. The samples comprised reactive lymphoid proliferations of skin, tonsil, and lymph node including dermatopathic lymphadenopathy and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, Hodgkin's and non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas, and thymomas. Interdigitating and dermal dendritic cells, veiled cells, Langerhans' cells, and also cortical thymocytes and their neoplastic counterparts displayed immunostaining with MAb 010 in paraffin sections. These results are identical to previous ones reported for other CD1a MAbs in fresh or frozen specimens. The findings suggest that the binding site of 010 is a fixation‐resistant epitope of CD1a antigen which has not been previously identified.
Expression of the pS2 peptide in primary breast carcinomas: Comparison of membrane and cytoplasmic staining patterns
Authors: Dookeran K. A. , Rye P. D. , Dearing S. J. , Walker R. A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe pS2 protein is oestrogen‐regulated in breast cancer cell lines. Previous studies have shown a relationship to oestrogen receptor in primary breast carcinomas. This study examined 178 breast carcinomas for pS2 using immunohistochemistry. A high frequency (77 per cent) of positive tumours was found, using a 10 per cent cut‐off point to define a positive tumour. There was no relationship with menopausal status or node status, a significant association with differentiation, a weak association with oestrogen receptor, and no association with progesterone receptor or overall survival. Two patterns of cellular localization were observed: cytoplasmic and membrane. The former showed a stronger relationship with oestrogen receptor status, although there were oestrogen receptornegative tumours with marked pS2 staining. Membrane staining showed a stronger relationship with differentiation, with a staining pattern similar to that observed for milk fat globule membrane. The staining patterns observed may support a role for pS2 in a secretory mechanism. However, the expression and function of pS2 in breast carcinomas emain complex, and are not simply related to oestrogen regulation.