bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Microscopic Insight into Effect of Particle Gradation on Dynamic Compaction of Dry Sand
Authors: Li Yuqi , Xu Liangchen , Yang Fu’an 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Particle gradation is an important feature of granular materials, which has a significant influence on the mechanical properties of soil. Several dynamic compaction (DC) tests for mono-sized dry sand samples and a well-graded dry sand sample were modeled using discrete element method. The effect of particle gradation on crater depth was analyzed as well as coordination number, porosity and contact stress from a microscopic view. It is indicated that the change rates of dynamic stress, coordination number and porosity of the well-graded sample were greater than the results from the mono-size samples. For the mono-sized samples and the well-graded sample, the differences of dynamic contact stress, coordination number and porosity became larger as the distance of measurement point from ground surface increased. The results also demonstrate from a microscopic view that the well-graded soil and the soil sample with small particle size were more prone to become dense under DC. This study at a grain level is helpful to understand the microscopic mechanism of DC and has certain guiding significance to the construction of DC.
Tunable circular polarization in reconfigurable graphene- based antenna decorated with gold motifs
Authors: Kiani Narges , Hamedani Farzad Tavakkol , Rezaei Pejman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The main goal of the designed research is to find a powerful tool for adjusting and tuning polarization in microstrip patch antennas. That surely this practical platform, it is the same as graphene. In fact, the right- and left-hand circular polarization and linear polarization can be achieved by turning on and off the chemical potential in the cuts created on the diagonal edges of the antenna. In the structure of the antenna, a triangular and square scheme of gold has been worked. One of the important features of the presented structure is frequency reconfigurable. According to the requirements of the design, the central frequency of the antenna is set at 0.67 THz. Silicon-Dioxide is considered as the substrate of the design. In the range of 0.65 THz through 0.7 THz, the matching and polarization are suitable. S11 is less than -14 dB for all types of polarization. Radiation efficiency is estimated about 50%. Eventually, the outputs of return loss, S11 sweep, axial ratio, radiation efficiency, 2D and 3D far-field radiation patterns, E-field distribution, and current density distribution have been reported.
ECG-based Machine-to-Machine Authentication for 6LoWPAN-based IoT
Authors: Thungon Leki Chom , Medhi Kishore , Hussain Md. Iftekhar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In Internet of Things (IoT), millions of devices communicate sensitive information with each other. Ensuring secure data generation and communication between the devices is critical and challenging. Automatic and secure authentication of users to access such critical services is a challenge. In this paper, we propose an ECG-based lightweight biometric-based authentication scheme based on Bio-CNN. The proposed scheme uses CNN architecture with suitable convolutional filters to properly analyze an ECG signal. We implement a hashing concept with the CNN features to make our system more secure. To examine the suitability of the proposed Bio-CNN-based scheme in an IoT device, we have tested all our experiments on a Raspberry Pi. Finally, the experiment results prove that the proposed method outperforms different CNN architectures and various state-of-the-art authentication techniques in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, etc., enhancing the overall performance.
Integrating probabilistic graphical models, information theory, and the principle of increase of entropy for quantifying and analyzing the uncertainty in fault interpretation
Authors: Lei Zhicheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fault interpretation in geology inherently involves uncertainty, and there is a growing need to develop methods to quantify and analyze this uncertainty. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that integrates Markov chains, graph theory, information theory, and the principle of increase of entropy to comprehensively analyze uncertainty in fault interpretation and its geological implications. Our framework provides a more complete and quantitative approach compared to traditional methods, we show how entropy can quantify the uncertainty in fault interpretation and kinematic analysis results, be interpreted for faulting analysis, and analyze fault network evolution using the principle of increase of entropy. Our findings suggest that entropy can be used as a metric to compare different fault networks, and it provides a measure of the total available evolutionary paths for a fault network, enabling quantification of uncertainty in fault kinematic analysis results. The integration of these tools provides a powerful approach for quantifying and analyzing the uncertainty in fault interpretation, which can enhance our understanding of the geological implications of uncertainty and enable geologists to analyze fault networks in a more quantitative manner.
Psychological Experience of On-the-Job Nursing Graduate Students in a Province of Eastern China in the Context of Popular Education: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Shen Yuanyuan , Song Ziling , Yao Xin , Fei Weiwei , Huang Xiaoqiong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
China’s higher education has developed steadily because of its effective social background. Many nurses have entered adult continuing education to study for on-the-job nursing graduate degrees. Although the overall quality of the nursing team has improved, some problems still remain.
Aim
This study aimed to explore the psychological experience of nursing students in a province of eastern China in the context of popular education.
Methods
For descriptive qualitative research, both objective and snowball sampling were employed to collect data via a semi-structured in-depth interview (N = 13) with on-the-job nursing graduate students in all learning stages from three universities in a province of eastern China. Interviews were recorded using a recorder and analyzed verbatim by two researchers. This study followed the comprehensive criteria checklist for reporting qualitative studies.
Results
A vast majority of the 13 nursing graduate students who completed the survey were women, with an average age of 29 years; 4 themes and 11 subcategories appeared. The four main themes were as follows: (1) learning motivation, (2) social role conflict, (3) support resources, and (4) change of concept.
Conclusions
In the face of conflicts between work, study, and family, nurses who pursue graduate studies in on-the-job nursing overcome difficulties in successfully completing their studies. In this process, some problems in the training system of on-the-job postgraduates are also exposed, which need immediate attention. The different perspectives provided in this study are expected to impact the future policy formulation and research direction of adult continuing education and medical in-service education.
Study of the awareess of patients at Damascus hospital about intraocular hypertension or Glaucoma
Authors: Al-khani Haya Ammar , Hada Yusra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Vision is the most useful sense for humans. The eye wall consists of three layers from outside to inside: the fibrous layer, the vascular layer, and the retina. The vascular layer consists of three parts: the choroid, ciliary body, and iris. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of permanent blindness and occurs most often in older people. There are four general categories of glaucoma in adults: primary open-angle glaucoma, primary angle-closure glaucoma, secondary open-angle glaucoma, and secondary angle-closure glaucoma. The exact etiology of glaucoma is unknown; But there is a clear relationship with high eye pressure. Glaucoma is not a benign disorder, and if left untreated it can lead to permanent vision loss. The higher the pressure, the greater the risk of damage to the optic nerve. Complications of glaucoma include loss of visual field and can eventually lead to complete blindness. Materials and methods: A controlled study that randomly targeted 744 patients attending Damascus Hospital. Data related to this study were collected using electronic and paper questionnaires. These data were entered and a statistical analysis of all variables in the study was performed using the Chi-square test. Data related to this study were collected using electronic and paper questionnaires. These questionnaires were designed by the student responsible for the research under the supervision of the professor responsible for the thesis, and the data was statistically analyzed and studied. In addition to returning the files of some patients that complete all the information. Results: There is no statistically significant correlation between the gender of the studied sample members and prior knowledge of glaucoma. In addition, There is no statistically significant correlation between gender and prior knowledge. There is a statistical significance between gender and knowledge of the types of ocular hypertension, and preference is for males. Recommendations: Regular eye examinations are recommended, especially for people at risk of developing glaucoma. Wearing protective eye glasses while practicing sporting activities or using electrical devices while working is necessary to protect the eye from injury, and thus prevent glaucoma. It is also recommended to practice moderate sports activities to reduce eye pressure and thus prevent glaucoma.
Topology-distance-based clustering method for water distribution network partitioning
Authors: Du Kun , Li Jiangyun , Xu Wei , Liu Zilian , Zheng Feifei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Partitioning water distribution networks (WDNs) into district metered areas offers benefits including reduced nonrevenue water and simplified pressure management. However, current research in this field tends to narrowly focus on the topological relationships among nodes, often overlooking the influence of pressure reducing valves (PRVs) and pump stations on clustering results. To address this limitation, this study introduces a topology-distance-based clustering (TDBC) method that enhances the accuracy of partitioning by explicitly considering the impact of PRVs and pump stations. In the TDBC method, the Floyd algorithm is initially employed to construct a topological distance matrix that quantifies the degree of node connectivity. By amplifying topological distances for links including PRVs and pump stations, their effect on clustering results is incorporated. Subsequently, nodes are clustered using the K-means algorithm based on the resulting topology-distance matrix. The proposed TDBC approach is applied to four network cases, and its outcomes are compared with those of two traditional methods. The comparative analysis indicates that the TDBC algorithm achieves precise partitioning results for networks incorporating PRVs or pump stations, while ensuring a harmonious balance between modularity and the uniformity of the partitioning results, even in networks with complex structures and highly interconnected loops.
Medicinal Chemistry Aspects of Isoxazole Analogues as Anti-tubercular Agents
Authors: Singh Harshwardhan , Kumari V.S. Anila , Singh Ankit Kumar , Kumar Adarsh , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) is the major cause of mortality around the world and one of the most
common diseases linked to AIDS. Due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance, extensive drug
resistance, and total drug resistance strains, TB has become a difficult disease to treat. Isoxazole
scaffold shows a wide range of biological activities, including anticancer, antibacterial, antitubercular,
antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities etc. Several isoxazole derivatives have been
produced and few of them have shown comparable anti-tubercular activity with standard drugs. In
this review, we have focused on reported isoxazole derivatives having anti-tubercular activity and
summarized their structure-activity relationship.
Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to
Decipher the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Magnolol on LPS-induced
RAW264.7 Cells
Authors: Hao Lei , Zhong Xiaoying , Yu Runjia , Chen Jiahui , Li Wei , Chen Yuzhong , Lu Weiqi , Wu Jianyu , Wang Peizong 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Magnolol is beneficial against inflammation-mediated damage. However,
the underlying mechanisms by which magnolol exerts anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages
remain unclear.

Objective:
In this study, network pharmacology and experimental validation were used to assess
the effect of magnolol on inflammation caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 cells.

Materials and Methods:
Genes related to magnolol were identified in the PubChem and Swiss
Target Prediction databases, and gene information about macrophage polarization was retrieved
from the GeneCards, OMIM, and PharmGKB databases. Analysis of protein-protein interactions
was performed with STRING, and Cytoscape was used to construct a component-target-disease
network. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to ascertain significant molecular
biological processes and signaling pathways. LPS was used to construct the inflammatory cell
model. ELISA and qRT‒PCR were used to examine the expression levels of inflammationassociated
factors, immunofluorescence was used to examine macrophage markers (CD86 and
CD206), and western blotting was used to examine protein expression levels.

Results:
The hub target genes of magnolol that act on macrophage polarization were MDM2,
MMP9, IL-6, TNF, EGFR, AKT1, and ERBB2. The experimental validation results showed that
magnolol treatment decreased the levels of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6).
Moreover, the levels of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and IL-4) were increased. In addition,
magnolol upregulated the expression of M2 markers (Agr-1, Fizzl, and CD206) and downregulated
M1 markers (CD86). The cell experiment results supported the network pharmacological
results and demonstrated that magnolol alleviated inflammation by modulating the PI3k-Akt and
P62/keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways.

Conclusion:
According to network pharmacology and experimental validation, magnolol attenuated
inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells mainly by inhibiting M1 polarization and
enhancing M2 polarization by activating the PI3K/Akt and P62/keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways.
The Effect of Chrysin-nanocrystal on Oxidative Stress Indices and
Histopathological changes in Kidney Tissue of Rats Exposed to
Chlorpyrifos
Authors: Rajabi Shahnaz , Alemzadeh Effat , Ahrari Fatemeh , Roshanravan Babak , Aschner Michael , Samarghandian Saeed , Farkhondeh Tahereh 
Published: October 2023

Aims:
The current study looked at the effect of nanocrystal chrysin on the effects of
chlorpyrifos on kidney function, as well as the histopathological changes in this tissue and its potential
as an antioxidant in the kidneys of adult male rats.

Background:
The effect of nanocrystal chrysin on the kidneys of rats exposed to chlorpyrifos has
not been fully understood.

Objective:
The safety and efficacy of nanocrystal chrysin was evaluated.

Methods:
The rats were randomly divided into six groups of six rats each: 1) a control group treated
with corn oil, 2) a group treated with chrysin nanocrystals (5 mg/kg), 3) a group treated with
chrysin nanocrystals (10 mg/kg), 4) a group treated with chrysin nanocrystals (5 mg/kg) + chlorpyrifos
(30 mg/kg), 5) a group treated with chrysin nanocrystals (10mg/kg) + chlorpyrifos (30
mg/kg). After the intervention, serum and kidney tissue samples were separated.

Results:
Histology and biochemical factors at the serum level did not reveal any significant
changes in all treated groups versus the control group. Additionally, the morphology of the renal
tubules in all groups, including the glomeruli, was normal. There was no inflammation, congestion,
necrosis, or degeneration.

Conclusion:
In this study, the serum levels of urea, creatinine, bilirubin, and albumin, which are
indicators of kidney function, as well as oxidative stress indices and kidney morphology in animals
given doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of chrysin nanocrystals did not change. This study
suggests that chrysin nanocrystals with an average diameter of 155 nm may be a safe and efficient
antioxidant.
The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Wound Infection
Authors: Khaledi Mansoor , Zandi Bita , Mohsenipour Zeinab 
Published: October 2023

Abstract::
Wound infection often requires a long period of care and an onerous treatment process.
Also, the rich environment makes the wound an ideal niche for microbial growth. Stable structures,
like biofilm, and drug-resistant strains cause a delay in the healing process, which has become
one of the important challenges in wound treatment. Many studies have focused on alternative
methods to deal the wound infections. One of the novel and highly potential ways is mesenchymal
stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are mesoderm-derived pluripotent adult stem cells with
the capacity for self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation, and immunological control. Also,
MSCs have anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. MScs, as pluripotent stromal cells, differentiate
into many mature cells. Also, MSCs produce antimicrobial compounds, such as antimicrobial
peptides (AMP), as well as secrete immune modulators, which are two basic features considered
in wound healing. Despite the advantages, preserving the structure and activity of MSCs is
considered one of the most important points in the treatment. MSCs’ antimicrobial effects on microorganisms
involved in wound infection have been confirmed in various studies. In this review,
we aimed to discuss the antimicrobial and therapeutic applications of MSCs in the infected wound
healing processes.
A Systematic Review of Medical Expert Systems for Cardiac Arrest
Prediction
Authors: Kaur Ishleen , Ahmad Tanvir , Doja M.N. 
Published: October 2023

Background::
Predicting cardiac arrest is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient
outcomes. Machine learning has yielded astounding results by offering tailored prediction analyses
on complex data. Despite advancements in medical expert systems, there remains a need for a
comprehensive analysis of their effectiveness and limitations in cardiac arrest prediction. This need
arises because there are not enough existing studies that thoroughly cover the topic.

Objective::
The systematic review aims to analyze the existing literature on medical expert systems
for cardiac arrest prediction, filling the gaps in knowledge and identifying key challenges.

Methods::
This paper adopts the PRISMA methodology to conduct a systematic review of 37 publications
obtained from PubMed, Springer, ScienceDirect, and IEEE, published within the last decade.
Careful inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied during the selection process, resulting in a
comprehensive analysis that utilizes five integrated layers- research objectives, data collection, feature
set generation, model training and validation employing various machine learning techniques.

Results and Conclusion::
The findings indicate that current studies frequently use ensemble and deep
learning methods to improve machine learning predictions’ accuracy. However, they lack adequate
implementation of proper pre-processing techniques. Further research is needed to address challenges
related to external validation, implementation, and adoption of machine learning models in real
clinical settings, as well as integrating machine learning with AI technologies like NLP. This review
aims to be a valuable resource for both novice and experienced researchers, offering insights into
current methods and potential future recommendations.
Cannabidiol and Depression: Promise and Challenge in Building
an Evidence Base
Authors: Moser Amelia D. , Batt Melissa M. , Bidwell Lorna C. , Kaiser Roselinde H. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Interest in the potential mental health effects of
cannabidiol (CBD) has increased recently, with a surge in commercial and
pharmaceutical development of CBD products and a concomitant rise in
consumer use. However, despite the widespread and growing use of CBD
products by adults and adolescents, the mental health effects of CBD remain
largely unknown.

Objective:
The goals of this review are: 1) to briefly review the evidence base for
the mental health effects of CBD, using depression as an exemplar, and 2) to
systematically outline complementary study designs needed to test CBD effects,
together with challenges and special considerations related to each design.

Methods:
This review integrates empirical findings related to CBD's effects on
mental health outcomes with the literature on intervention trial design and current
legal regulations pertaining to CBD.

Conclusion:
Complementary controlled and observational studies of CBD are
necessary to substantiate claims of mental health benefits, including for clinical
depression and in pediatric populations. Investigators must consider challenges
and opportunities specific to CBD as an intervention, including legal regulations,
commercial or pharmaceutical product choice, dosing and bioavailability, and
safety.
بارودۆخی سیاسی ئەدیابین لە سەردەمی ئەشکانیدا
Authors: Raza Hazha Abd-Aljabar , Ahmad Kozad Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

زانیارییه‌كانمان له‌باره‌ی Adiabene وسنووره‌كه‌یه‌وه‌ پشت به‌ جوگرافی ناسه‌كانی یۆنان ورۆمان وه‌كو (سترابۆ Strabo وبه‌تلیمۆس Ptolemy وپلینی Pliny) ده‌به‌ستێت. ئه‌دیابین له‌گه‌ڵ ده‌ركه‌وتنی ئه‌شكانییه‌كان وه‌كو شانشینێكی سه‌رده‌می ئه‌شكانی ده‌ستنیشانكرا، پایته‌خته‌كه‌ی ئه‌ربێلا (هه‌ولێری ئێستا) بوو، ده‌كه‌وێته‌ نێوان هه‌ردوو زیێ گه‌وره‌ وبچووك کە لە لیکوس وکاپرۆس ناسراون، وهاوسنوور بووه‌ له‌گه‌ڵ ئه‌رمینیا، كۆردوێنێ/گۆردینێ (له‌ باكوره‌وه‌) وده‌ریاچه‌ی ورمێ (له‌ رۆژهه‌لاته‌وه‌) ، ڕووباری دیجله‌ (له‌ رۆژئاواوه‌) وته‌نانه‌ت هه‌ندێك زه‌وی رۆژئاوای دیجله‌ش وه‌كو شاری ئاشور. شانشيني ئەدیابین بوو بە پەناگەی بۆ پادشایانی ئەشکانی، بە تایبەت لەسەردەمی ئیزاتیسی دووەم دا. شانشینی ناوبراو وپایتەختەکەی کە ئەربێلا بوو پێگه‌یه‌كی دیاریان هه‌بوو بۆیه‌ به‌شێكی زۆر له‌ ته‌رمی پادشایانی ئه‌شكانی له‌ ئه‌ربێلا ده‌نێژران.شاژنی ئەدیابین ʼهێلینا Helena ʽ وکوڕەکانی ئیزاتیس دووه‌م و مۆنۆبازۆس دووه‌م چوونە سه‌ر ئاینی جوله‌كه وخزمه‌تی په‌رستگا وئاینی جوله‌كه‌یان كردوووە،‌ دوای ئەوە بنەماڵەی شاهانەی ئەدیابین چوون بۆ ئورشەلیم-قودس ولەوێ نیشتەجێ بوون چەند پرۆژەیەکی نیشتەجێ بوون وخێرخوازییان ئەنجام دا، هێلێنای شاژنی ئەدیابین له‌گه‌ڵ كوڕه‌كانی له‌ گۆرستانی پادشایانی ئورشه‌لیم نێژراون. جار هه‌بووه‌ فه‌رمانڕه‌وا ڕێگه‌ پێدراوبوو به‌وه‌ی نازناوی پادشا له‌خۆی بنێت. بۆ ماوه‌یه‌كی زۆر كورت ئه‌دیابین كه‌وته‌ ژێر ده‌ستی ڕۆمانه‌كانه‌وه‌ كاتێك تراجان (98-117ز.) له‌ 115ز./ 116ز هێرشی كرده‌ سه‌ر ئه‌شكانییه‌كان. بەمەش تراجانی ئیمپراتۆر نازناوی ئه‌دیابینیكۆس Adiabenicus ی وه‌رگرت. بەڵام له‌ دوای كاراكاللا وهاتنی ʼماكرینوس ʽMacrinus (217-218 ز.) بۆ سه‌رده‌سه‌ڵات كۆتایی به‌و ناكۆكییه‌ هات كه‌ له‌ نێوان ئه‌شكانییه‌كان ورۆمانه‌كان دروست ببو.