bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A matrix game‐based coordinated optimisation method of distribution networks with multiple flexible resources
Authors: An Yingdong , Liu Yixin , Guo Li , Li Xinchen , Li Xiangjun , Jia Xuecui , Wang Tengxin , Zhang Min 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe ‘Electric energy substitution’ project in rural areas of northern China aims to replace coal‐fired heating with electric heating. However, this could potentially lead to congestion problems on the local distribution networks (DNs) due to an increase in heating loads. Instead of expanding the lines, flexible resources such as microgrids (MGs) and heat pumps (HPs) could provide auxiliary services in a more cost‐effective manner. A bi‐level optimisation model that coordinates DNs, MGs, and HP clusters is proposed to address this issue. In the lower level, MGs and HP clusters provide auxiliary services through competitive bidding to maximise their own income over multiple periods, considering a series of technical operational constraints and comfort constraints. In the upper level, DNs clear the market based on the bidding information to minimise its operational costs while guaranteeing network constraints. The bi‐level optimisation model is formulated as a multi‐agent matrix game problem, and the Win or Learn Fast‐Policy Hill‐climbing algorithm is used to achieve fast market equilibrium in a decentralised manner. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the revenue of MGs by up to 2.6 times compared to the single period matrix game method, and reduce the convergence time by up to 81.3% compared to the multi‐agent Q‐learning method.
Improvement of continuous emotion recognition of temporal convolutional networks with incomplete labels
Authors: Wang Zheyu , Zheng Jieying , Liu Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVideo‐based emotion recognition has been a long‐standing research topic for computer scientists and psychiatrists. In contrast to traditional discrete emotional models, emotion recognition based on continuous emotional models can better describe the progression of emotions. Quantitative analysis of emotions will have crucial impacts on promoting the development of intelligent products. The current solutions to continuous emotion recognition still have many issues. The original continuous emotion dataset contains incomplete data annotations, and the existing methods often ignore temporal information between frames. The following measures are taken in response to the above problems. Initially, aiming at the problem of incomplete video labels, the correlation between discrete and continuous video emotion labels is used to complete the dataset labels. This correlation is used to propose a mathematical model to fill the missing labels of the original dataset without adding data. Moreover, this paper proposes a continuous emotion recognition network based on an optimized temporal convolutional network, which adds a feature extraction submodule and a residual module to retain shallow features while improving the feature extraction ability. Finally, validation experiments on the Aff‐wild2 dataset achieved accuracies of 0.5159 and 0.65611 on the valence and arousal dimensions, respectively, by adopting the above measures.
A Simplified Protocol for Large-Scale Preparation of 4CzIPN and 3DPA2FBN
Authors: Zhang Yongda , Lei Zhen , Xu Yibo , Kosnik Stephanie C. , Jiang Qi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractJust in the past few years, the application of 4CzIPN as a photocatalyst in photochemistry has been dramatically increased with its unique properties. In the literature, a variety of protocols for the synthesis of 4CzIPN have been reported. However, a practical process for the preparation of 4CzIPN with consistent quality on large scale is not available, but highly desirable to enable the robust application of this photocatalysis in industry. Herein, we detailed a practical and simple column-free chemical process amenable for the large-scale production of 4CzIPN with high quality in 91% yield. Current process was demonstrated on large scale. The similar process protocol was applicable and demonstrated for the synthesis of 3DPA2FBN on large scale.
Practical Fischer Indolization Using Bench-Stable Arylhydrazine Sulfonate as the Surrogate of Arylhydrazine
Authors: Zhu Yanping , Dong Kaiwu , Li Wenjuan , Shen Chaoren 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFischer indolization using bench-stable sodium arylhydrazine sulfonate as a surrogate of arylhydrazine was developed. The preparation of arylhydrazine sulfonate was also modified by replacing sodium sulfite reductant with Pd-catalyzed hydrogen transfer. The straightforward synthesis of tetrahydrocarbazoles from the corresponding anilines was successfully conducted in a one-pot manner. A practical application of this method was demonstrated in the formal synthesis of pharmaceutical molecules Rizatriptan and Zolmitriptan.
Methods for the Synthesis of 1-Indanones Containing a β-Quaternary Carbon Center
Authors: Zhou Wang , Song Shuaishuai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article traces the development of synthetic routes toward 1-indanones containing a β-quaternary carbon center. The recent advancement in the regio- and chemoselective formal (4+1) carbocyclization of chalcones with internal alkynes via rhodium(III) catalysis for the synthesis of 1-indanones is highlighted.
Epitaxial growth of Si thin films with hexagonal close-packed structures on metal substrates
Authors: Wang Hao , Li Zuo , Sun Kai , Tao Minlong , Yao Gang , Zhu Huaxing , Wang Junzhong 
Published: December 2023

We have studied the epitaxial growth of Si thin films on the Cd(0001) surface using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. When deposited at low temperatures (100 K), Si atoms form dendritic islands with triangular shapes, indicating the existence of anisotropic edge diffusion in the process of Si film growth. After annealing to elevated temperatures, the triangular dendritic Si islands become hexagonal compact islands. Moreover, the 2D Si islands located on two different substrate terraces exhibit different heights due to the influence of quantum-well states in Cd(0001) films. Based on high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy images, it is observed that the first, second, and third Si layers show the pseudomorphic 1 × 1 structure. In particular, the first and second layer islands reveal the opposite triangles, indicating the hexagonal close-packed stacking of Si atoms. These results provide important information for the growth of pristine Si films on metal substrates and the understanding of Si–metal interaction.
Vapor-to-glass preparation of biaxially aligned organic semiconductors
Authors: Ju Jianzhu , Chatterjee Debaditya , Voyles Paul M. , Bock Harald , Ediger Mark D. 
Published: December 2023

Physical vapor deposition (PVD) provides a route to prepare highly stable and anisotropic organic glasses that are utilized in multi-layer structures such as organic light-emitting devices. While previous work has demonstrated that anisotropic glasses with uniaxial symmetry can be prepared by PVD, here, we prepare biaxially aligned glasses in which molecular orientation has a preferred in-plane direction. With the collective effect of the surface equilibration mechanism and template growth on an aligned substrate, macroscopic biaxial alignment is achieved in depositions as much as 180 K below the clearing point TLC−iso (and 50 K below the glass transition temperature Tg) with single-component disk-like (phenanthroperylene ester) and rod-like (itraconazole) mesogens. The preparation of biaxially aligned organic semiconductors adds a new dimension of structural control for vapor-deposited glasses and may enable polarized emission and in-plane control of charge mobility.
Predicting the development of Papiamento and Dutch word decoding efficiency in the Dutch Caribbean
Authors: van der Elst-Koeiman Melissa , Segers Eliane , Severing Ronald , Verhoeven Ludo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We investigated the development of word decoding (Grades 4–6; 165 children) in Papiamento (L1) and Dutch (L2) in
the postcolonial context of the Dutch Caribbean islands of Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao. The results show a steady development over
the upper Grades for both L1 Papiamento and L2 Dutch word decoding in that children became more efficient in word decoding over
the years. However, the children were generally better decoders in L2 Dutch than in L1 Papiamento. Moreover, the initial language
of decoding instruction did not matter for the development of word decoding. The groups were equally efficient in L1 and L2 word
decoding in Grades 4–6. Furthermore, rapid naming and phonological awareness predicted L1 word decoding development, whereas rapid
naming, phonological awareness, and working memory predicted L2 word decoding development. Finally, evidence was found for
linguistic interdependencies for word decoding development from L1 to L2 and vice versa.
Feed additives used during pregnancy in sheep
Authors: Uysal Soner , Tas Seyma 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sheep farming constitutes an important part of animal husbandry in underdeveloped and developing countries. In these countries, products obtained from sheep (lamb, meat, milk, wool) constitute the main source of income for breeders with low economic status. Scientific research on ruminant animals mostly focuses on cattle, but studies on sheep are limited. However, with the increasing importance of sheep breeding in recent years, the number of studies in this field has also increased. Lamb and milk yield, which is the main source of income for sheep breeding enterprises, is affected by feeding during pregnancy. Some feed additives used during pregnancy in sheep can support the health of the mother and the offspring, as well as the milk yield in the next lactation. This review is aimed to give extensive information about some substances that are used as feed additives during pregnancy in sheep and to contribute to the literature.
Residue-guided phase unwrapping in fringe projection measurements using second differences
Authors: Fang Meiqi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper presents an innovative algorithm for unwrapping 2D phase maps with discontinuities. The method employs residue detection for identifying affected areas at a coarse scale. Unlike traditional techniques relying on subjective assessment, this algorithm automates threshold determination, ensuring precision without manual intervention. At the pixel level, it utilizes a bitmap mask based on second differences and the geometric mean formula to locate inconsistencies within the wrapped map precisely. This coarse-to-fine process establishes an optimal threshold for the second difference mask, resulting in highly accurate unwrapped outcomes while maintaining computational efficiency. Compared to conventional methods, this approach delivers superior unwrapped results, making it suitable for diverse applications. Experimental validation includes computer-simulated surfaces and practical fringe projection systems, accompanied by a thorough error analysis.
Dual-porous structured dielectric layer for soft capacitive pressure sensor with high sensitivity
Authors: Shen Jing Jin , Cheng Peng , Zheng Xin , Shan Yi Cai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Highly sensitive, soft pressure sensors are urgently required in wearable electronics and robotics applications. In this study, we fabricated a dual-porous structured elastomer using a simple and cost-effective method, in which yeast and sugar particles were introduced into Ecoflex solution. The combination of yeast fermentation and sugar particle dissolution resulted in a dual-porous elastomer consisting of both large closed pores and small open pores. The dual-porous elastomer was employed as the dielectric layer in a soft capacitive pressure sensor. The pressure sensor exhibited a sensitivity over six times higher than that of the sensor with a mono-porous elastomer-based dielectric layer in the pressure range of 1–10 kPa. The finite element simulation demonstrated that the sensitivity enhancement can be attributed to the significantly low stiffness and buckling load resulting from the presence of large closed pores. Finger-attached sensors and motion-monitoring systems demonstrated a wide range of potential applications in wearable electronics.
Preheating in Einstein-Cartan Higgs Inflation: oscillon formation
Authors: Piani Matteo , Rubio Javier 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe make use of classical lattice simulations in 3+1 dimensions to study the preheating stage of Higgs Inflation in Einstein-Cartan gravity. Focusing for concreteness on a simplified scenario involving the seminal Nieh-Yan term, we demonstrate the formation of dense and spatially localized oscillon configurations constituting up to 70% of the total energy density. The emergence of these meta-stable objects may lead to a prolonged period of matter domination, effectively modifying the post-inflationary history of the Universe as compared to the metric and Palatini counterparts. Notably, the creation of oscillons comes together with a significant gravitational wave signal, whose typical frequency lies, however, beyond the range accessible by existing and planned gravitational wave experiments. The impact of the Standard Model gauge bosons and fermions and the potential extension of our results to more general Einstein-Cartan settings is also discussed.
Photometry, Centroid and Point-spread Function Measurements in the LSST Camera Focal Plane Using Artificial Stars
Authors: Esteves Johnny H. , Utsumi Yousuke , Snyder Adam , Schutt Theo , Broughton Alex , Trbalic Bahrudin , Mau Sidney , Rasmussen Andrew , Plazas Malagón Andrés A. , Bradshaw Andrew , Marshall Stuart , Digel Seth , Chiang James , Rykoff Eli , Waters Chris , Soares-Santos Marcelle , Roodman Aaron 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s LSST Camera (LSSTCam) pixel response has been characterized using laboratory measurements with a grid of artificial stars. We quantify the contributions to photometry, centroid, point-spread function size, and shape measurement errors due to small anomalies in the LSSTCam CCDs. The main sources of those anomalies are quantum efficiency variations and pixel area variations induced by the amplifier segmentation boundaries and “tree-rings”—circular variations in silicon doping concentration. This laboratory study using artificial stars projected on the sensors shows overall small effects. The residual effects on point-spread function (PSF) size and shape are below 0.1%, meeting the ten-year LSST survey science requirements. However, the CCD mid-line presents distortions that can have a moderate impact on PSF measurements. This feature can be avoided by masking the affected regions. Effects of tree-rings are observed on centroids and PSFs of the artificial stars and the nature of the effect is confirmed by a study of the flat-field response. Nevertheless, further studies of the full-focal plane with stellar data should more completely probe variations and might reveal new features, e.g., wavelength-dependent effects. The results of this study can be used as a guide for the on-sky operation of LSSTCam.
Estimating perceived indoor air quality and environmental satisfaction using a camera
Authors: Du B , Licina D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although indoor environmental monitoring data are increasingly available, they often fail to accurately capture personal environmental perception, comfort, and satisfaction. This disconnection has led to a growing interest in using real-time feedback from building users to improve the control of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems and reduce energy waste. However, traditional questionnaire-based surveys only provide a snapshot at the time of investigation and suffer from a variety of bias sources. To address this, this paper proposes a novel camera-based method for estimating perceived indoor air quality and environmental satisfaction by analysing facial expressions. We conducted indoor air pollution exposure experiments on 24 healthy adults in twin environmental chambers. Their changes in facial expressions were compared between different exposure conditions and the potential correlation between facial expressions and perceived air quality, environmental satisfaction, and self-reported sick building syndrome symptoms was explored. Preliminary results indicate that a common RGB camera can repeatably detect facial expressions from the same subject. Also, results from a subset of five subjects suggest moderate differences in concentration, calmness, contemplation, and tiredness expressions between the two air quality conditions.
Detailed assessment of hybrid ventilation control system in a mixed-mode building in cold climate
Authors: Rabani M , Petersen A J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates a hybrid ventilation control method for a mixed-mode office landscape in a cold climate, i.e. Norway. The mixed-mode building utilizes a hybrid ventilation system that combines natural ventilation through automatic window opening with a balanced mechanical ventilation system controlled by demand control ventilation (DCV) method. For natural ventilation, the windows consist of two parts: the upper part which is openable and the lower part that is not openable and equipped with external solar shading. From a control point of view, the article elaborates a control algorithm for the proposed hybrid ventilation based on various parameters including outdoor air temperature, indoor air temperature, CO2 level, maximum air change per hour (ACH), operation schedules, and heating/cooling setpoints. The simulation results obtained from the hybrid ventilation and mechanical ventilation cases are compared based on thermal comfort, CO2 level, and energy savings. The primary results show that the proposed hybrid ventilation control method can satisfy the thermal comfort and CO2 level requirements while reducing the energy use for fan and ventilation cooling by approximately 55% and 45%, respectively. While the impact on energy consumption for space and ventilation heating is negligible.
CO2 and thermal comfort analysis of schools in Lugano – a wide-scale monitoring
Authors: Maltese S. , Branca G. , Altieri D. , Boutaleb M. , Pampuri L. , Teruzzi T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Energy consumption and indoor air quality are closely linked, especially in crowded buildings such as schools. This project aims to provide a complete overview of CO2 and temperature levels in the classrooms of primary and pre-schools in the municipality of Lugano. More than 100 classrooms are live-monitored thanks to the sensors installed. The monitoring is still ongoing, and some initial analyses show air quality levels most of the time within admissible ranges, with episodes of overheating. The next phase of the project will be to better assess thermal comfort and to use CO2 and temperature to indirectly assess occupancy, which will be linked to energy consumption.
Thermal comfort and indoor air quality in higher education: A case study in Houston, TX, during mid-season
Authors: Kyropoulou M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Providing thermal comfort and good air quality in educational buildings is crucial in enhancing students’ academic performance and productivity. Houston’s typical higher education buildings are designed for 100% mechanically ventilated spaces. But how do such buildings perform when outdoor temperatures are within comfort? This study correlates occupants reported thermal comfort data and gathered empirical thermal comfort and indoor air quality (IAQ) data at a higher education building in Houston, TX, during mid-season, a likely thermally comfortable period. It aims to understand occupants’ thermal sensation and preference and establish correlations between outdoor temperatures, operational temperatures, CO2 levels and occupancy patterns. The results demonstrate different levels of dependence of indoor conditions of the three studied floors on outdoor conditions and occupancy patterns. Such differences are attributed to the large envelope variability among floors of the same use and occupancy and the significant imbalances of the mechanical system settings. The study contributes to a better understanding of the indoor environmental quality of the building, and the author suggests a series of interventions based on the analysis.
Daylighting performance of an innovative Prismatic Vertical Louvers (PVLs) shading system incorporating Prismatic Materials (PMs)
Authors: Haghani M , Place W 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Daylight has a decisive role in buildings to provide visual comfort, and human health and well-being as well as energy saving potential in buildings; thereby, to benefit from daylighting advantages, it needs to be delivered indoors properly through designing decent daylighting systems. This paper aims to investigate the operational mechanism of an innovative daylighting system, prismatic vertical louvers (PVL), incorporating a microstructure prismatic material (PM), through a comparative study. The PVL shading system continuously rejects the direct radiation of sunlight while it transmits the diffuse scattered skylight resulting in creating a significant potential to improve visual comfort and energy saving in buildings. Through developing a parametric iterative algorithm to simulate the unique optical behavior of the proposed PVL system, the authors evaluated the ability of this innovative system in improving daylight distribution uniformity, and glare occurrence in the space compared to two state-of-the-art shading systems: mesh roller shade (MRS) system, and conventional vertical louvers (CVL). The comparison result of the study reveals the robust capability of the PVL system in enhancing the uniformity distribution of natural light across the work plane as well as removing glare occurrence for occupants.
Enhancing user acceptance in automated systems with human-centric lighting: the role of visual comfort, personality, and preference
Authors: Papinutto M , Colombo M , Boghetti R , Basurto C , Reutter K , Lalanne D , Kämpf J H , Nembrini J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Properties of light impact both psychological and physiological aspects. In this context, the effects of light’s correlated colour temperature (CCT) appear less studied than the effects of illuminance, although CCT is known to impact circadian rhythms responsible to maintain day and night cycles. Recently, Human-centric lighting (HCL) proposed to endow electric lighting with daylight dynamic characteristics with recognized benefits on physiological rhythms, particularly in reducing blue light exposure at night. Current lack of studies on the psychological effects of CCT prevents from reaching conclusions regarding the psychological aspects of HCL. The present user experiment aims to shed light on the relationship between HCL and personality, acceptance of an automated system to maximise daylight provision and visual comfort perception of occupants in two different buildings and within two types of offices. In this case, participants selected the HCL paradigm with dynamic CCT more often than a standard fixed CCT design, especially in individual offices. Despite being more frequently set and used to diffuse an appropriate light colour, dynamic CCT was assessed to deliver a heterogeneous light and decreased the overall visual comfort of occupants. Still, dynamic CCT was found to increase the acceptance of the automated system while mediating the relationship between personality and acceptance.