bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological aspects of genetic counseling. VIII. Suffering and countertransference
Authors: Kessler Seymour 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTwo common forms of countertransferential problems seen in genetic counseling, associative and projective, are described and illustrated. Both forms have the potential of reducing the quality of empathy counselors provide counselees. When counselors experience the same problems as the counselees they counsel it is virtually impossible to avoid facing countertransferential reactions which may not always promote the counselees' interests and/or redound to their benefit. Genetic counselors, like other personal counselors and psychotherapists, have a professional responsibility to be aware of, monitor, contain, and learn from their countertransferential experiences.
Major Bronchial Trauma in the Pediatric Age Group
Authors: Heldenberg E. , Vishne T.H. , Pley M. , Simansky D. , Refaeli Y. , Binun A. , Saute M. , Yellin A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTracheobronchial injuries are rare among all age groups and are extremely rare among the pediatric age group. Yet, the incidence has seemed to increase. Most of these patients die before reaching the hospital from severe associated injuries. Isolated bronchial injury is even more rare than tracheal injury, and it is the focus of the present study. A retrospective national survey was conducted among all tertiary referral and trauma centers in Israel regarding the period between the years 1983 and 1998. Only six cases (3 males and 3 females) of isolated bronchial rupture were found the throughout the country. Ages of the patients ranged from 2 to 14 years; all were involved in motor vehicle accidents, four of them as pedestrians. Ruptures occurred in the bronchus intermedicus (2 cases), left and right main bronchus (2 cases each). All but one patient went through primary repair. We give a full description of the procedure and discuss the literature regarding incidence, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome.
Sequential Changes in Plasma Intact and Whole Parathyroid Hormone Levels during Parathyroidectomy for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Yamashita Hiroyuki , Cantor Tom , Uchino Shinya , Watanabe Shin , Ogawa Takahiro , Moriyama Taiki , Takamatsu Yuji , Fukagawa Masafumi , Noguchi Shiro 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMost commercial assays for intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) cross‐react with non‐PTH1‐84 fragments (likely to be PTH7‐84). We aimed to evaluate a whole PTH assay that measured only PTH1‐84 by comparing it with an assay measuring iPTH levels during parathyroidectomy in secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). Twenty‐eight patients with secondary HPT who underwent total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation served as subjects. Blood samples for postoperative assay were drawn after anesthesia; immediately prior to excision of the last parathyroid gland; and at 5, 10, and 15 minutes after excision. The PTH7‐84 level was calculated by subtracting the whole PTH value from the iPTH value. Plasma whole PTH decreased more rapidly than iPTH after parathyroidectomy (p < 0.0001). PTH levels that decreased by 50% or more from levels prior to excision to 10 minutes after excision were used to predict successful parathyroidectomy; decreases in whole PTH substantiated curative surgery for all patients without introducing false‐positive and false‐negative results. iPTH levels decreased by at least 50% in only 16 patients at 10 minutes after excision without false‐positive results. Out of 11 cases in which iPTH decreased less than 50%, two were true‐negatives and nine were false‐negatives. Decreases in whole PTH levels more accurately reflect surgical outcome than do decreases in iPTH levels during parathyroidectomy in secondary HPT patients. Even though the quick iPTH assay is used infrequently during surgery for secondary HPT, our results suggest that a quick whole PTH assay may be more useful than the iPTH assay currently used in parathyroidectomy procedures for secondary HPT.
A Prospective Randomized Comparison of Bilateral Subtotal Thyroidectomy Versus Unilateral Total and Contralateral Subtotal Thyroidectomy for Graves’ Disease
Authors: Chi Shun‐Yu , Hsei Kun‐Chou , Sheen‐Chen Shyr‐Ming , Chou Fong‐Fu 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTo reduce the chance of recurrent hyperthyroidism, two methods of subtotal thyroidectomy were performed and compared. From January 1998 to December 2002, 340 patients were operated on with subtotal thyroidectomy. They were prospectively randomized into two groups. Group A included 166 patients and group B 174 patients. Group A patients had a 2.5 × 1 × 1 cm thyroid remnant on each side and group B patients had a 2.5 ×1 × 1 cm remnant on one side plus total lobectomy on the other side. Thyroid function tests including T3, T4, TSH, and antimicrosomal antibody (AMA) were checked preoperatively and in the follow‐up period of 3 months, and later up to 26.4 ± 1.1 months (mean ± SE). The age, sex, duration of oral medicine, and blood loss of the two groups were not significantly different during surgery and the follow‐up period. The operative time was less in group A (113 ± 3.3 minutes) than that in group B (131 ± 3.2 minutes) (p < 0.001). In the long‐term follow‐up period, recurrent hyperthyroidism was noted in 15 patients in group A and 3 patients in group B. The difference was significant (p = 0.003). Hypothyroidism was noted in 35 of the group A patients and in 46 of the group B patients. The differences between the two groups regarding hypothyroidism was not significant (p = 0.181). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed preoperative titers of AMA ≥ 6400, which was the only factor affecting the incidence of hypothyroidism in the later follow‐up period. In consideration of hypothyroidism, recurrent hyperthyroidism, and postoperative complications, subtotal thyroidectomy with total lobectomy plus subtotal lobectomy provides a better outcome than bilateral subtotal lobectomy.
Duodenogastric Reflux after Esophagectomy and Gastric Pull‐up: The Effect of the Route of Reconstruction
Authors: Katsoulis Iraklis E. , Robotis Ioannis , Kouraklis Grigorios , Yannopoulos Panagiotis 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDuodenogastric reflux (DGR) is a common sequel of subtotal esophagectomy and gastric pull‐up, and it may contribute to mucosal changes of both the gastric conduit and the esophageal remnant. This study investigated the effect of the route of reconstruction on the DGR. 24‐hour ambulatory bilirubin monitoring was performed on patients who underwent transhiatal subtotal esophagectomy and a gastric tube interposition either in the posterior mediastinum (PM group, n = 11), or in the retrosternal space (RS group, n = 8): A Control group of 8 healthy volunteers was also studied. The median percentage of reflux time, the median number of reflux episodes, and the median number of reflux episodes longer than 5 minutes, in PM versus RS groups, were 29.1% versus 0.15% (p < 0.001), 185 versus 8 (p = 0.002) and 10 versus 0 (p = 0.001), respectively. The values of the above variables in PM versus control groups were 29.1% versus 3.95% (p = 0.007), 185 versus 21 (p = 0.02), and 10 versus 2 (p = 0.009), respectively, whereas in RS versus control groups they were 0.15% versus 3.95% (p = 0.01), 8 versus 21 (p = 0.04), and 0 versus 2 (p = 0.05), respectively. Posterior mediastinal gastric interposition is associated with high reflux of duodenal contents, whereas retrosternal interposition minimizes the reflux at levels even lower than those of the healthy individuals. The latter type of reconstruction may be a good alternative from that perspective, especially in patients with long life expectancy.
Heterogeneity of Subvesical Ducts or the Ducts of Luschka: A Study Using Drip‐infusion Cholangiography‐Computed Tomography in Patients and Cadaver Specimens
Authors: Kitami Masahiro , Murakami Gen , Suzuki Daisuke , Takase Kei , Tsuboi Masahiro , Saito Haruo , Takahashi Shoki 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe objective of this study was to examine the heterogeneity of the subvesical duct or the ducts of Luschka as well as the reliability of drip‐infusion cholangiography with computed tomography (DIC‐CT) for their identification. DIC‐CT was used in 277 consecutive patients (135 men, 142 women) and for the dissection and histologic study of 10 cadaver livers. We found 32 subvesical ducts in 28 (10.1%) of 277 patients. Irrespective of whether the terminals were extra‐ or intraparenchymal, the subvesical ducts often (17/32 ducts, 15/28 patients) drained into a subsegmental duct of S5 or S4. Notably, some displayed an “intermediate” course along the gallbladder fossa with an intraparenchymal origin and terminated at S5. Such ducts tended to be seen in the elderly. Another 15 ducts drained into a thick, centrally located duct, such as the right sectorial or hepatic duct. The anatomic study demonstrated that the subvesical duct likely included the cystic vein‐concomitant duct. A major type of subvesical duct, characterized by an intermediate course along its bed, appeared to result from degenerative exposure of a peripheral duct with aging. The subvesical duct draining into the thick duct included both a “daughter branch,” such as seen in the lung, and the so‐called anomaly. Such ducts can be demonstrated with DIC‐CT, but the incidence might be limited. However, the cystic vein/concomitant duct was difficult to identify radiologically. Consequently, although presurgical radiology is useful for avoiding bile leakage after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, surgeons should be aware of its limitations.
A seasonal change in the distribution of a stream‐dwelling stonefly nymph reflects oxygen supply and water flow
Authors: Genkai‐Kato Motomi , Mitsuhashi Hiromune , Kohmatsu Yukihiro , Miyasaka Hitoshi , Nozaki Kentaro , Nakanishi Masami 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe examined the effects of oxygen availability, which has been viewed as a minor factor in streams, on the seasonal and spatial microhabitat distribution of a stonefly. Surveys were conducted in winter and summer in a mountain stream by collecting stones from the streambed and determining the presence or absence of the insect. At each stone sampling, we also measured physical conditions. The probability of the stonefly presence increased significantly with current velocity in summer, but not in winter. Because current influences oxygen renewal rates, our results suggest that the distribution of the insect could be restricted by oxygen.
Histopathological and immunophenotyping studies on normal and sarcoma 180-bearing mice treated with a complex homeopathic medication
Authors: Sato D.Y.O. , Wal R. , de Oliveira C.C. , Cattaneo R.I.I. , Malvezzi M. , Gabardo J. , de F Buchi D. 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Canova is a homeopathic complex medicine, used as an immune modulator. We studied its effects in normal and sarcoma 180-bearing mice. Three control groups were also evaluated. The mice were examined at daily intervals and the tumours observed histologically. Peripheral blood was analysed by flow cytometry.A delay in the development, and a reduction in size of the tumours, and increased infiltration by lymphoid cells, granulation tissue, and fibrosis surrounding the tumour were observed with active treatment compared to control. All animals from the treated group survived, 30% of control groups died. In 30% of treated animals, a total regression of the tumour was confirmed using light microscopy, no regression was found in the control groups. Treatment with Canova increased total numbers of leukocytes and lymphocytes. Among lymphocytes, TCD4, increased in normal-treated group and B and NK cells in S180-treated groups. The results reflect enhanced immune response of the host after treatment with Canova.
The Distribution of Arctic Lichens and Thoughts Concerning Their Origin
Authors: Thomson J. W. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe distribution of many Arctic lichens is well known but their place and time of origin is still conjectural. Land bridges are often suggested but continental drift suggests a possible tie to Gondwanaland and Pangaea. This review suggests consideration of the available evidence for such ideas and emphasizes the need for more exact data from molecular studies of living and amber materials to determine the antiquity of the lichen species involved.
Phytogeography of Continental Antarctic Lichens
Authors: Seppelt R.D. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe northern and southern polar regions differ substantially in topography, climate, terrestrial habitats and in their biota. The Arctic flora comprises around 900 flowering plants, 600–700 bryophytes and 2000 lichens. The Antarctic flora is depauperate by comparison with only two flowering plants, 100–120 bryophytes, and probably only around 200 lichens. Despite considerable taxonomic uncertainty, broad phytogeographic patterns can be outlined, with species having a Maritime Antarctic, Peninsula and Lesser Antarctic, Circum-Antarctic, and Disjunct distribution pattern. The extent of endemism in the flora is unclear. The origin of the Antarctic lichen flora appears ancient in pan, although there is ample evidence for post-Pleistocene or Holocene colonization and invasion.
Alpine Lichens of Tasmania' s South West Wilderness
Authors: Kantvilas Gintaras 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe climate, geology and vegetation of Tasmania's South West wilderness are described briefly, with particular reference to lichens. One hundred and sixty-two lichens are recorded from alpine altitudes in the region and the major habitats for alpine lichens are discussed. The flora differs significantly from that of other Tasmanian mountain systems, and this is attributed in part to geology and macroclimate. The region is rich in Tasmanian endemics and distinctly austral species with restricted geographical distributions.
Short-Term Effects of Enhanced Uv-B and CO2 on Lichens at Different Latitudes
Authors: Sonesson M. , Callaghan T.V. , Björn L.O. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractInteraction effects of UV-B and CO2 on three lichens species, Cladonia arbuscula, Cetraria islandica and Stereocaulon paschale, from two latitudinal sites, 68°N and 56°N, were studied in a laboratory experiment. The response of the plants was recorded by measuring their chlorophyll fluorescence. All species had a similar response to enhanced UV-B depending on the latitude from which the population came and the time of the season when they were sampled. Overall, there was a significant increase in photosystem II yield (as measured by a fluorescence technique) due to UV-B and no separate effect due to enhanced CO2, although there was a significant interaction between CO⊂2 and UV-B. The increase due to UV-B was at the low CO2 level. There were also significant differences in response due to latitude. The results contradict our hypotheses that negative effects of UV-B would be larger in the North than in the South and that a negative response hould be especially large during the early season.
Odilon Redon and the Pasteurian Revolution: Health, Illness, and le monde invisible
Authors: Larson Barbara 
Published: January 2005

ArgumentOdilon Redon's dark-spirited charcoals and lithographs of the last quarter of the nineteenth century responded to developments in science, including the Pasteurian revolution. Rather than celebrating the progressive potential of science, Redon's noirs engaged national anxieties that attended scientific advances. His position was close to the Decadents of the 1880s who dwelled on themes of illness and decay. While the artist's original biographer André Mellerio referred to the artist's fascination with Pasteur and his microbial world, where in a single drop of water “there arises the spectacle of giants of a gripping horror and a frightful, predatory nature,” the topic has virtually disappeared from Redon literature. By recovering the scientific/medical issues that stimulated Redon's creation, this article restores the subjects of pathogenic organisms and contagious illness to their rightful place in Redon's oeuvre. Further, it provides the reader with a discussion of the cultural context in which Redon's interest was generated.
Gyorgy Kepes, Billy Klüver, and American Art of the 1960s: Defining Attitudes Toward Science and Technology
Authors: Goodyear Anne Collins 
Published: January 2005

ArgumentThis essay aims to broaden our understanding of relationships between art, science, and technology during the 1960s by juxtaposing two of the most important, and under-examined, figures of this period, the artist Gyorgy Kepes and the engineer Billy Klüver. While these two are generally linked due to their similarities, a closer examination demonstrates significant differences in their outlook. Comparing the organizations they nurtured, Kepes, the Center for Advanced Visual Studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Klüver, Experiments in Art and Technology, provides unique insight into the distinct origins of such organized collaborations between art, science, and technology. It reveals both how the cultural conditions of the 1960s contributed to the perceived need for such agencies and how interactions between art, science, and technology reflected, at once, the culmination of aspirations reaching back to the opening decades of the twentieth century, and a perceived break with the past.
The role of social identity in doctors' experiences of clinical managing
Authors: Hallier Jerry , Forbes Tom 
Published: January 2005

PurposeAims to illustrate how the use of a social identity approach can help to refine our understanding of how organizational professionals experience the introduction of managerialism and the incorporation of managing specialist roles.Design/methodology/approachDraws on theories of social identity and social categorization to examine the process by which clinical directors tackle and assign meaning to their managing roles. Interviews were conducted with a sample of current and previous clinical directors over a five year period. Variations in doctors’ responses were explained by a range of self enhancement strategies that emerged to deal with tensions between prepared management identities and actual role experiences.FindingsReveals the importance of multiple self‐enhancement strategies as a way for doctors to protect self definitions in failing identity situations where immediate exit from a new role is not feasible. Concludes that a greater use of social identity and social categorization theory may add much to general explanations of how varied stances towards management interventions emerge and develop among professional workers.Originality/valuePoints to how we might achieve a deeper understanding of the diverse ways that the organizational professionals experience the introduction of managerialism and the incorporation of managing the specialist roles.
HRM and the pursuit of a service culture
Authors: Francis Helen , D'Annunzio‐Green Norma 
Published: January 2005

PurposeAims to draw attention to how managers actively re‐construct inherent contradictions characterising the employment relationship that in the service sector, are rooted in drives for increased efficiency and customer‐oriented behaviours.Design/methodology/approachPresents a case study of the human resource implications of changes taking place within a contract catering firm seeking to attain “world class” service delivery.FindingsFinds that managers' accounts of “the reality” of change were constructed upon three overlapping and competing discourses – labelled “enagagement”, “enterprise” and “compliance”.Originality/valueHighlights the active role of discourse in the management of HRM and organisational change.
A biogeographical approach to plant invasions: the importance of studying exotics in their introduced and native range
Authors: HIERRO JOSÉ L. , MARON JOHN L. , CALLAWAY RAGAN M. 
Published: January 2005

Summary

Most theory and empirical research on exotic invasions is based on the assumption that problematic exotics are much more abundant in the regions where they invade than in the regions where they are native. However, the overwhelming majority of studies on exotic plants have been conducted solely within the introduced range. With few exceptions, ecologists know surprisingly little about the abundance, interaction strengths and ecosystems impacts of even the best‐studied exotics in their native range.
We argue that taking a biogeographical approach is key to understanding exotic plant invasions. On a descriptive level, unambiguous quantification of distributions and abundances of exotics in native and introduced ranges are crucial. Experiments conducted at a biogeographical scale are also necessary to elucidate the mechanisms that enable highly successful exotics to occur at substantially higher abundance in their introduced vs. native communities.
We summarize the leading hypotheses for exotic plant success. We assert that tests of these major hypotheses for invasions (the natural enemies, evolution of invasiveness, empty niche and novel weapons hypotheses) require comparative biogeographical approaches.
In addition to focusing on comparative work in the native and introduced range, we also suggest other approaches that could yield important insight into processes that influence exotic success.
Increased understanding of invasions has the potential to provide unique insight into fundamental ecological theory, including that on individualistic‐holistic structure, the role of trophic interactions in population regulation, and the importance of co‐evolution in communities.
Statistical analysis of the three‐dimensional structure of centromeric heterochromatin in interphase nuclei
Authors: BEIL M. , FLEISCHER F. , PASCHKE S. , SCHMIDT V. 
Published: January 2005

SummaryTranslocation of genes into the pericentromeric heterochromatin occurs during cellular differentiation and leads to a long‐term silencing of these genes. Consequently, a structural remodelling of this heterochromatin compartment is observed during differentiation but this remains to be defined from a topological point of view. In a previous study, we analysed the three‐dimensional (3D) distribution patterns of centromere clusters (chromocentres) by confocal scanning laser microscopy and found that differentiation of the promyelocytic leukaemia cell line NB4 along the neutrophil lineage is associated with a progressive clustering of centromeres. This clustering was reflected by a decreased number of detectable chromocentres, i.e. groups of centromeres with a distance below the diffraction‐limited resolution of optical microscopy. The purpose of this study was to perform a statistical analysis of the 3D distribution of chromocentres in NB4 cells. Several point field characteristics (Ripley's K‐function, L‐function, pair correlation function, nearest‐neighbour distribution function) were investigated to describe the topology of chromocentres during differentiation of NB4 cells. The pair correlation function revealed a higher frequency of chromocentre distances between 350 nm and 800 nm in undifferentiated NB4 cells as compared with differentiated cells. The L‐function and the nearest‐neighbour distribution function confirmed these results. These data imply the existence of intranuclear heterochromatin zones formed by functionally related centromeric regions. In view of the observed decrease in the number of detectable chromocentres during differentiation, we hypothesize that these zones with a diameter of 350–800 nm in undifferentiated NB4 cells contract into zones with a diameter below 350 nm in differentiated cells.