bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic determinants of reproductive healthcare service use among pregnant women in Pakistan
Authors: He Zhifei , Bishwajit Ghose , Ji Qian , Hou Yaru , Guo Shuyan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Using the essential reproductive care services such as antenatal care (ANC) and skilled birth services are vital for ensuring safe motherhood and controlling maternal and child mortality. There is no recent evidence on the state of using reproductive care services in Pakistani women. We aimed to assess the prevalence of using essential reproductive care services including: 1) timing and 2) frequency of using antenatal care, 3) hospital/other institutional delivery, and 4) use of cesarean section (C- section) services. Secondly, we identified the sociodemographic factors that are associated with the use of these services.
Methods: We used the latest Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (2017-18 PDHS) for this analysis. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews by trained interviewers. The analysis included 8,287 women aged 15-49 years. PDHS is a cross-sectional survey that collects data on women’s reproductive health issues along with various demographic and socioeconomic factors. The data on reproductive services were defined by standard guidelines by World Health Organization (WHO). Data analysis involved univariate tests and multivariate regression techniques.
Results: The percentage of women who attended ANC visit in the first trimester was 62.59%, and those who attended the minimum recommended number of 4 visits was 49.46%. The percentage of using hospital (or other institutional) and C-section services were respectively 76.20% and 19.63%. In the regression analysis, place of residence, education, household wealth status, access to using electronic media and learning about family planning from electronic media and before marriage were found to significantly predict the use of ANC (timely and adequate visits) and facility delivery services (hospital delivery and C-section). However, educational and household wealth status stood out as the strongest predictors of all.
Conclusion: About half of the women Pakistan were not having adequate ANC visits and about one-third not making timely ANC contact. More than three-quarter reported choosing to deliver at hospital/other facility, and about one-fifth preferred C-section. Among the predictor of using these services, education and household wealth status were found to have the strongest association, highlighting the role of women’s socioeconomic well-being in availing the basic reproductive healthcare services.
Strontium isotope analysis of human remains from Zhaitouhe and Shijiahe cemeteries in Huangling， Shaanxi，China
Authors: Keyu Liu , Xue Ling , Zouyong Sun , Zhanwei Sun , Jing Shao , Anding Shao , Liang Chen , Songmei Hu , Miaomiao Yang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Rong people were one of the essential people in ancient times and occupied an important position in China's diverse and integrated historical civilization. Due to different reasons, the Rong people have migrated many times. The Shaanxi was once where the Rong people lived. However, the scarcity of literature and archaeological discoveries has led to a lack of historical information on the lives of the ancient Rong people in the academic community. The archaeological excavations of the Rong people's cemeteries in the Zhaitouhe and the Shijiahe in Huangling, Yan'an, Shaanxi Province, provided precious materials for understanding the social life of the Rong people. This article takes the human teeth unearthed from two cemeteries as the research object, and uses the strontium isotope analysis method to determine the strontium isotope ratio in tooth enamel, and then discusses the population migration of the ancestors in Zhaitouhe and Shijiahe cemeteries. Based on the local strontium isotope range (0.710429 ~ 0.711298), we found many immigrants in Zhaitouhe and Shijiahe cemeteries. After discussing viewpoints combined with archaeological material and literature, we inferred that the source of the Rong people may be Yiqu Rong. The population of the cemetery also include the Qin people, the northern grassland ethnic and the Wei people.
Supervised Learning and Large Language Model Benchmarks on Mental Health Datasets: Cognitive Distortions and Suicidal Risks in Chinese Social Media
Authors: Qi Hongzhi , Zhao Qing , Li Jianqiang , Song Changwei , Zhai Wei , Dan Luo , Liu Shuo , Yu Yi Jing , Wang Fan , Zou Huijing , Yang Bing Xiang , Fu Guanghui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the realm of social media, users frequently convey personal sentiments, with some potentially indicating cognitive distortions or suicidal tendencies. Timely recognition of such signs is pivotal for effective interventions. In response, we introduce two novel annotated datasets from Chinese social media, focused on cognitive distortions and suicidal risk classification. We propose a comprehensive benchmark using both supervised learning and large language models, especially from the GPT series, to evaluate performance on these datasets. To assess the capabilities of the large language models, we employed three strategies: zero-shot, few-shot, and fine-tuning. Furthermore, we deeply explored and analyzed the performance of these large language models from a psychological perspective, shedding light on their strengths and limitations in identifying and understanding complex human emotions. Our evaluations underscore a performance difference between the two approaches, with the models often challenged by subtle category distinctions. While GPT-4 consistently delivered strong results, GPT-3.5 showed marked improvement in suicide risk classification after fine-tuning. This research is groundbreaking in its evaluation of large language models for Chinese social media tasks, accentuating the models' potential in psychological contexts. All datasets and code are made available at: \url{https://github.com/HongzhiQ/SupervisedVsLLM-EfficacyEval}.
What differentiates suicidal ideation from depressive symptoms amongst Korean Young Adults aged 20-39 years?
Authors: Kang Jiwon , Jang Soong-nang , Kim Hyun-soo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to examine and compare factors influencing depressive symptoms from those influencing suicidal ideation in Korean adults aged 20–39 years.
Methods: Data were collected from September 15 to 23, 2021 using an online survey company because of the limitations of face-to-face surveys during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic. Participants were also recruited from the Seoul Suicide Prevention Center. Suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms, and general health and demographic characteristics were determined based on existing standardized questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.
Results: Based on data from 1014 participants, age, sex, alcohol consumption, sleep duration, and stress were associated with depressive symptoms. In contrast, income, subjective health status, and stress were found to influence suicidal ideation; the effect of income disappeared when adjusted for depression. Lower income, poor subjective health status, higher stress levels, and depression were associated with a higher risk of suicidal ideation.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that depression and suicidal ideation have distinct influencing factors and that simply viewing depression as a risk factor for suicidal ideation may lead to other important factors being overlooked. This study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions and prevention strategies to address specific factors associated with each outcome. Overall, this study provides valuable evidence for developing effective mental-health interventions and policies for young adults. Further research is recommended to delve deeper into the similarities and differences between depression and suicidal behaviors in this population.
Environmental Pollution, Racial Segregation, and Lung Cancer Incidence
Authors: Poulson Michael , Uvin A Ziggy , Kenzik Kelly M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are wide racial disparities in lung cancer incidence, treatment, and outcomes. Previous studies have shown the impact of structural racism and the built environment on lung cancer outcomes in Black communities. The current study sought to understand the mediation of airborne pollutants between racial segregation and lung cancer incidence in the United States. Lung cancer incidence data for Black/white populations from 2014–2018 were obtained from the CDC. We assessed the impact of segregation on lung cancer incidence and the mediating effects of pollutants SO2, NO2, PM2.5, O3, and CO in the pathway. We estimated the indirect effect of each pollutant on the interaction between segregation and cancer outcomes. We found that segregation was associated with an 11% increase in lung cancer incidence among Black individuals (IRR 1.11, 95%CI 1.08,1.14) and a 7% increase in white lung cancer incidence (IRR 1.07, 95%CI 1.05,1.09). For Black lung cancer rates, this effect was mediated by SO2/ NO2 (23%), PM2.5 (9.2%), and smoking (36%). For white lung cancer rate, the effect was mediated through SO2/ NO2 (25%), PM2.5 (15%), O3/CO (4%), and smoking (37.4%). Air pollution is an important mediating factor on lung cancer incidence in more segregated areas, suggesting that the increased pollution in more segregated areas likely also affects white residents, leading to higher levels of lung cancer compared to their counterparts in less segregated areas. Policies targeting polluting sources in segregated areas will be important in reducing lung cancer incidence and disparities therein.
Reproductive toxicities of tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride and tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide on Caenorhabditis elegans over four consecutive generations
Authors: Zhang Jing , Ding Ruoqi , Yu Zhenyang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) become emerging pollutants and their toxicities earn increasing attentions. So far, their reproductive toxicities were poorly investigated, and their effects over generations were even less explored. In the present study, reproductive toxicities of two QACs, i.e., tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride (TTAC) and tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) were studied on Caenorhabditis elegans with a consecutive exposure over four generations (from F1 to F4). The effects of TTAC on total reproduction showed stimulation and inhibition which oscillated from F1 to F4, and such oscillation was also observed in the effects on initial reproduction. The effects of TTAB on the total reproduction commonly showed stimulation over generations. The greatest stimulation was in F2, and it was accompanied with inhibition on the initial reproduction but stimulation on the reproduction duration. Further mechanisms exploration demonstrated that both TTAC and TTAB significantly disturbed the levels of SPE8, SPE9, Vg, MSP and VAB-1 and the expressions of vab-1, ceh-18, set-2, met-2 and mes-4 over generations. Such disturbances demonstrated that both QACs impacted the reproductive processes in multiple aspects including oocyte meiosis, gonadal support and germline development. Further analysis also showed that the effects of both TTAC and TTAB in parents were connected with those in the offspring, which highlighted the conjunctive roles of reproduction in responses of adjacent generations. In addition, the differences the effects of TTAC and TTAB also demonstrated the anionic influences on the QACs’ toxicities.
Two novel FRMD7 frameshift mutation identified in two Chinese pedigrees with congenital nystagmus as producing truncated proteins
Authors: Su Yuqing , Zhang Juntao , Gao Jiahui , Ding Guoqing , Jiang Heng , Liu Yang , Li Yulei , Yang Guohua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Idiopathic congenital nystagmus (ICN) is a condition characterized by involuntary and periodic eye movements. To identify the genetic defect associated with X-linked ICN, we performed WES in two families. We identified two novel frameshift mutations in FRMD7, c.1492dupT/p.Y498Lfs15 and c.1616delG/p.R539Kfs2. Plasmids containing the mutated genes were constructed and qPCR analysis showed that both mutations produce mRNAs that are not degraded by the NMD pathway. Western-blot analysis corroborated the production of truncated proteins. Further experiments found that both truncated proteins were degraded through the proteasomal (ubiquitination) pathway. This information may indicates that targeting the proteasomal pathway may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the types of mutation. Moreover, we summarized 140 mutations that have occurred on the FRMD7 gene to date and found that the FERM and FA structural domains are mutation-prone regions. Interestingly, exons 9 and 12 are the most mutated regions, but 90% (28/31) mutations in exon 9 are missense while 84% (21/25) mutations in exon 12 are frameshift. And almost all of the shift code mutations occurred on exons 11 and 12. We believe that this is related to the location of the premature termination codons (PTCs), leading to the production of harmful truncated proteins. Additionally, we have speculated that the loss of FRMD7 protein function is not all pathological, and the production of abnormal protein function is the cause of nystagmus. The normal function of FRMD7 depends mainly on the front half of the protein. Further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Blood lead levels (BLL) in children from urban and industrial areas of Indonesia and mitigation measures
Authors: Hindratmo Bambang , Rita  , Lestari Retno Puji , Wardoyo Suwaji Handaru , Rahmani Rizqika , Hidayat Muhamad Yusup , Wahyuni Resti , Fauzi Ridwan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Lead (Pb), a heavy metal, has characteristics that make it simple to recycle. Due to its ease of recycling and continued economic value, this metal is highly sought-after in its scrap form. Because they contain leads that can still be used, used batteries are one of the waste materials that are still sought after. Illegal recycling puts people at risk of lead pollution exposure, which is bad for everyone's health but especially for growing children. The purpose of this study is to gather data and details regarding blood lead levels (BLL) in kids across several Indonesian cities. A total of 167 elementary school-aged children from Tangerang Regency, Medan City, and Surabaya City participated in the research study in 2016. A Lead Care Portable Analyzer (ESA Laboratories, Chelmsford, MA, USA) was used to measure BLL. The average BLL of all the participants whose blood samples were tested was 12.45 µg/dL, with Tangerang Regency having the highest average BLL at 30.67 g/dL. It was 3.55 µg/dL for respondents from Surabaya City and 4.38 µg/dL for respondents from Medan City, respectively. The average value is significantly higher than the WHO's BLL cutoff of 3.5 µg/dL. A high BLL indicates that there is still lead contamination. To lessen the negative effects of lead pollution in both the air and the water, remediation must be mitigated by using vacant land and planting trees. Regular lead data monitoring is done to identify pollution at an early stage.
Comparing forceps and self-assembled intraocular rare earth magnet in removing metallic intraocular foreign bodies in 25-guage vitrectomy
Authors: Li Huajin , Zheng Kailing , Wang Huihang , Xie Maosong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy and efficiency of self-assembled intraocular rare earth magnet in comparison with forceps in removing intraocular foreign bodies(IOFBs) undergoing 25-gauge(G) pars plana vitrectomy.
Methods
A total of 30 patients with metallic IOFB underwent 25-G PPV were enrolled into this study. Self-assembled intraocular rare earth magnet were used in 15 patients(bar group), and forceps were used in 15 patients(forceps group). Success rate of removing IOFB, time taken to remove IOFB, incidence of IOFB slippage and fall, iatrogenic retinal damages were compared between the two groups.
Results
There was no difference in success rate of removing IOFBs between the groups(93.3% and 100%, P = 0.5). The average time taken of removing FB was significantly shorter in bar group than in forceps group(145.9 ± 153 seconds and 339.5 ± 156.2 seconds, P = 0.005). None of the patients in bar group had IOFB slippage and fall, or related iatrogenic retinal damage in the process of removal. In forceps group, IOFB slippage and fall during removal were observed in 7 of 15(54.5%) patients, related iatrogenic retinal injuries were recorded in 6 of 15(40.0%) patients, both were significantly higher than bar group(P = 0.003).
Conclusions
Compared with common forceps, the assembled intraocular magnet can greatly reduce the possibility of IOFB slippage and fall, prevent related iatrogenic retinal damage, and shorten the time taken to remove IOFB. The assembled intraocular magnet can be an useful tool in removing metallic IOFBs in PPV.
Tele-education as a strategy to improve the implementation of perioperative recommendations of a clinical practice guideline for amputees: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Posada-Borrero Ana Maria , Lugo-Agudelo Luz-Helena , Aguirre-Acevedo Daniel Camilo , Salinas Fabio-Alonso , Velásquez-Correa Juan Carlos , Patiño-Lugo Daniel F. , Pastor-Durango Maria del Pilar , Valderrama-Molina Carlos Oliver , Plata-Contreras Jesús 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the effectiveness of a Tele-education strategy for improving the implementation of the perioperative recommendations of a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for lower limb amputee patients in health institutions.
Design:
Cluster randomized community intervention study.
Participants:
Three classes of participants took part in the study: Health institutions in which amputation or reconstruction surgeries were performed, and the health professionals and patients of these institutions.
Methods
There were two interventions, a strong strategy consisting of a tele-education online course based on the CPG for people with amputations (intervention group) and a weak strategy consisting of passive dissemination of the CPG (control group). The primary outcome was compliance with the prioritized perioperative recommendations of the CPG.
Results
Information was obtained from clinical charts of 418 amputated patients from six health institutions. Only 30% of the invited health professionals completed the online course. There were no significant differences in the compliance with perioperative recommendations between groups, with compliance scores of 42.7% in the intervention group and 43.1% in the control group.
Conclusion
After devising a Tele-educational strategy focused on significant patient results, we found low compliance with the evidence-based recommendations, and the desired behavioral changes in professionals were not achieved.
Seroprotection of Measles, Rubella, Pertussis and its Relation with Occurrence
of COVID-19 among a Cohort of University Female Students
Authors: Jhancy Malay , Srinivasamurthy Suresh Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Antibody titres against several infections are hypothesized to be protective against COVID-19 due to cross-immunity. The study intends to assess
the relationship between historical data on measles, rubella, pertussis antibody titres and the occurrence of self-reported COVID-19.

Methods::
The study was conducted as an online cross-sectional survey which was compared with historical data of antibody titers. The university female
students who had participated in our previous study evaluating seroprevalence of measles, rubella and pertussis antibody titres were contacted
online for the survey. The online questionnaire was sent to collect details on COVID-19 occurrence among all the participants. The measles,
rubella and pertussis titers of all participants were correlated with the present questionnaire data. All volunteers participated in the survey after
online informed consent.

Results::
Among the 52 responders to the questionnaire, 18 participants had been reported to be suffering from COVID-related symptoms and 12 were
reported to have confirmed RT-PCR positive for COVID-19. The unpaired “t” test comparing antibody titres of measles, rubella and pertussis
between COVID-19 RT PCR positive and RT PCR negative subjects did not show statistical significance.

Conclusion::
There was no statistical difference between antibody titers of measles, rubella and pertussis among self-reported COVID-19 RT PCR positive and
RT PCR negative university female students.
Computational Approaches to Designing Antiviral Drugs against COVID-19: A
Comprehensive Review
Authors: Singh Mohan P. , Singh Nidhi , Mishra Divya , Ehsan Saba , Chaturvedi Vivek K. , Chaudhary Anupriya , Singh Veer , Vamanu Emanuel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 necessitates innovative
strategies for the rapid development of effective treatments. Computational methodologies, such as molecular
modelling, molecular dynamics simulations, and artificial intelligence, have emerged as indispensable tools in
the drug discovery process. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of these computational
approaches and their application in the design of antiviral agents for COVID-19. Starting with an examination
of ligand-based and structure-based drug discovery, the review has delved into the intricate ways through
which molecular modelling can accelerate the identification of potential therapies. Additionally, the investigation
extends to phytochemicals sourced from nature, which have shown promise as potential antiviral agents.
Noteworthy compounds, including gallic acid, naringin, hesperidin, Tinospora cordifolia, curcumin, nimbin,
azadironic acid, nimbionone, nimbionol, and nimocinol, have exhibited high affinity for COVID-19 Mpro and
favourable binding energy profiles compared to current drugs. Although these compounds hold potential, their
further validation through in vitro and in vivo experimentation is imperative. Throughout this exploration, the
review has emphasized the pivotal role of computational biologists, bioinformaticians, and biotechnologists in
driving rapid advancements in clinical research and therapeutic development. By combining state-of-the-art
computational techniques with insights from structural and molecular biology, the search for potent antiviral
agents has been accelerated. The collaboration between these disciplines holds immense promise in addressing
the transmissibility and virulence of SARS-CoV-2.