bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting FDFT1 Reduces Cholesterol and Bile Acid Production and Delays Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through the HNF4A/ALDOB/AKT1 Axis
Authors: Cai Dong , Zhong Guo‐Chao , Dai Xin , Zhao Zhibo , Chen Menglin , Hu Jiejun , Wu Zhenru , Cheng Lve , Li Shengwei , Gong Jianping 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTargeting cholesterol metabolism is a novel direction for tumor therapy. Unfortunately, the current use of statins for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is controversial. Herein, farnesyl‐diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1) is identified as a novel target for treating HCC and a potential alternative to statins. Twenty‐three key genes in cholesterol biosynthesis are screened, and FDFT1 is identified via public databases (The Cancer Genome Atlas, International Cancer Genome Consortium and Gene Expression Omnibus). Clinical samples reveal that FDFT1 is highly expressed in HCC tissues, and this phenotype is strongly associated with a poor prognosis. Functionally, FDFT1 knockdown inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells and suppresses hepatocarcinogenesis in vitro and in vivo, whereas FDFT1 overexpression promotes HCC cell proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistically, FDFT1 downregulation decreases cholesterol and bile acid levels and then increases hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A) transcriptional activity. Experiments indicate that HNF4A combines with the promoter of aldolase B (ALDOB) and promotes the ALDOB transcription and that ALDOB combines with AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) and inhibits AKT1 phosphorylation. Moreover, FDFT1 knockdown combined with AKT inhibitor (AZD5363) treatment shows remarkable therapeutic potential. FDFT1 inhibition reduces cholesterol and bile acid levels to delay HCC progression through the HNF4A/ALDOB/AKT1 axis. Thus, targeting FDFT1 may be a novel potential strategy for treating HCC.
Ultrasound Super‐Resolution Imaging of Neonatal Cerebral Vascular Reorganization
Authors: Schwarz Simone , Denis Louise , Nedoschill Emmanuel , Buehler Adrian , Danko Vera , Hilger Alina C. , Brevis Nuñez Francisco , Dürr Nikola R. , Schlunz‐Hendann Martin , Brassel Friedhelm , Felderhoff‐Müser Ursula , Reutter Heiko , Woelfle Joachim , Jüngert Jörg , Dohna‐Schwake Christian , Bruns Nora , Regensburger Adrian P. , Couture Olivier , Mandelbaum Henriette , Knieling Ferdinand 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDuring the first days of neonatal growth, the central nervous system (CNS) develops self‐regulatory mechanisms to ensure constant cerebral perfusion. However, this vascular neogenesis takes place at a microscopic scale that cannot be observed with current clinical imaging techniques. Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) allows us to observe micro‐vessels of the order of a few microns at depths of several centimeters. This can be done using conventional clinical ultrasound scanners and contrast sequences (CEUS). In this study, ULM is used to observe the human microvasculature in neonatal patients undergoing treatment for life‐threatening malformations forming direct connections between the cerebral arterial and venous systems. It is observed that neuroendovascular treatment of neonatal arteriovenous malformations causes remodeling and reorganization of the cerebral vasculature by also activating corticomedullary vascular connections. ULM enables us to follow microvascular changes in human neonates with high spatio‐temporal resolution. ULM may provide a novel clinical translatable tool, particularly including cerebral imaging in very young patients.
Highly Selective Acidic CO2 Electroreduction with Large Current on Polypyrrole‐Modified Ag Catalyst by Local Microenvironment Modulation
Authors: Wang Zhenhui , Wang Weizhou , Yang Qin , Geng Yanling , Du Yunmei , Liu Kang , Wu Zexing , Lai Jianping , Li Bin , Li Hongdong , Zheng Gengfeng , Wang Lei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractElectrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR) holds great promise for carbon capture and utilization. In acidic media, CO2RR enables efficient CO2 conversion, but with low selectivity due to the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and catalyst corrosion. Herein, conductive polymer polypyrrole (PPy) coated Ag nanoparticles (NPs) catalysts (Ag@PPy) with different thicknesses are designed and synthesized, which could create a hydrophobic environment that reduces the accessibility of H2O to the Ag NPs thereby inhibiting HER. The coating of the PPy layer also protects the catalysts from corrosion and improves the stability of the system. Among them, Ag@PPy‐2 with the appropriate thickness showed up to 91.7% for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO and high durability in acidic electrolyte at −300 mA cm−2. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation shows that Ag nanoparticles coated with PPy not only inhibit the competitive HER, but also reduce the CO2RR energy barrier, and improve the efficiency of CO2 to CO. This study may provide some new ideas for the design of advanced selective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction catalysts by local microenvironmental engineering.
High‐Performance Photoactive Polymers: Innovations in Ternary Polymerization for Solar Applications
Authors: Fang Yu , Huang Bin , Wang Xiaoping , Que Mingming , Liu Jinbiao , Li Liqing , Jeong Sang Young , Zhang Jialin , Lan Ai , Woo Han Young , Chen Shanshan , Chen Lie , Yang Changduk 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn recent years, polymer solar cells (PSCs) have achieved rapid progress, with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) reaching up to 20.25%, driven by significant advancements in device fabrication and active‐layer materials. The ternary polymerization strategy has proven to be a straightforward and effective approach for developing high‐performance photoelectric polymers by incorporating a third monomer into the polymer backbone. This incorporation effectively optimizes intrinsic photoelectric properties, including UV–vis absorption, energy levels, solubility, crystallinity, morphology, charge transfer, mechanical robustness, batch‐to‐batch reproducibility, and device stability. This review highlights the latest advancements in the ternary polymerization strategy for designing high‐performance photoactive copolymers (both ternary polymer donors and acceptors), with a particular focus on batch‐to‐batch reproducibility, stability, and potential applications in commercial development. The aim is to provide valuable guidance for the development of high‐performance photoelectric polymer materials using the ternary polymerization strategy.
Reaching New Efficiency Milestones in Low‐Speed Wind Energy Harvesting via Noncontact Stackable Ion‐Gate‐Based Static Discharge Generator
Authors: Chung Seh‐Hoon , Hur Jiwoong , Kim Seokjin , Cha Kyunghwan , Ryu Hanwook , Lin Zong‐Hong , Kim Dongseob , Hong Jinkee , Chung Jihoon , Lee Sangmin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWind energy harvesting is attracting increasing interest owing to the growing global electric energy production. However, energy generation using existing wind turbines is deficient compared to the potential of wind energy owing to less‐efficient wind turbines operating at low wind speeds. Therefore, an ion‐gate‐based static discharge generator (ISDG) with a charge suppliance turbine (CST) for efficient low‐speed wind energy harvesting is introduced. CST comprises a charge suppliance rotator (CSR) and Savonius wind blades, where the CSR generates electrical charges for inducing Townsend discharge at the ion gate; thus, the current output gets enhanced owing to an avalanche effect. Additionally, the CSR in the CST can be operated with a stacked structure and noncontact movement, allowing the device to generate high power with a low input. Thus, an ISDG comprising CST can generate electricity with wind blowing at 3 and 4 m s−1 at high efficiencies of 21.9% and 32.8%, respectively.
Assessment of Food Sources for Juvenile and Adult Penaeus monodon in Tanzania Coastal Waters
Authors: Simtoe Ambakisye P. , Lugendo Blandina R. , Mgaya Yunus D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTo investigate the food sources for juvenile and adult Penaeus monodon and reconstruct its diet, samples of potential food sources were collected from the nursery areas of Kondo, Mbegani and Kitame, as well as from the fishing grounds of Mwambakuni and Saadani, located in the Bagamoyo coastal waters of Tanzania in the Western Indian Ocean. The carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios of both P. monodon muscle tissues and their respective potential food sources were determined from samples collected during the Northeast Monsoon (NEM, September–October) and Southeast Monsoon (SEM, April–May), representing the dry and wet seasons, respectively. P. monodon muscles exhibited a wide range of δ13C values from −20.87‰ to −12.22‰ (average of −16.23‰, n = 6) during NEM, alongside a narrower range of δ15N values from 5.32‰ to 8.86‰ (average of 6.63, n = 6). Similarly, during SEM, δ13C values ranged from −20.68‰ to −15.59‰ (average of −17.47‰, n = 6), while δ15N values ranged from 5.32‰ to 8.55‰ (average of 7.05‰, n = 6). Different size classes displayed distinct δ13C with a range of −8.27‰ but were closely related in δ15N, exhibiting an average range of only 2.66‰. The contributions of carbon and nitrogen from mangrove and terrestrial sources were found to be negligible as food sources for P. monodon across both seasons. However, both juvenile and adult P. monodon significantly relied on seagrass ecosystems for their food, with minimal connectivity (p ˂ 0.05) between the nursery and fishing grounds. Furthermore, it was observed that the primary carbon sources for P. monodon included shellfish (prawns), sergestid shrimps, plankton and algae during the SEM, with a slight shift towards algae and polychaetes during the NEM. Notably, P. monodon specialized in a specific food source during NEM, with juveniles showing significantly higher levels of cannibalism compared to adults.
Integrin‐Targeted, Activatable Nanophototherapeutics for Immune Modulation: Enhancing Photoimmunotherapy Efficacy in Prostate Cancer Through Macrophage Reprogramming
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Yin Xiaolan , Hao Lei , Wang Yumei , Dou Linqiang , Chen Qixian , Lee Jun‐Seok , Wang Jingyun , Peng Xiaojun , Yoon Juyoung , Li Haidong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTProstate cancer is an epithelial malignancy with a high incidence among elderly men. Photochemistry‐based dye photodrugs (known as photosensitizers) offer a promising clinical approach for treating tumors. These agents work by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), which activates antitumor immune response. This approach is favored owing to its minimal invasiveness, low toxicity, and high efficiency. However, the immunosuppressive microenvironment of characteristics of “cold” tumors significantly restricts the clinical efficacy of photodrugs. Developing an advanced nanocarrier system to deliver photodrugs and immune agonists for efficient drug delivery to tumor lesion sites and to reshape the immunosuppressive microenvironment is crucial in clinical practice. Therefore, in this study, we designed an integrin‐targeted, activatable nano photodrug co‐assembly with an immune agonist (RPST@IMQ) for enhancing photoimmunotherapy in prostate cancer via the reprogramming of tumor‐associated macrophages. The active‐targeted nanosystem enhanced the dosage of photodrug at the lesion site through systemic administration. High doses of glutathione at the tumor site cleaved the disulfide bonds of RPST@IMQ, releasing the photodrug and the immune agonist imiquimod (IMQ). Under photoirradiation, the photodrug generated significant doses of singlet oxygen to eliminate tumor cells, thereby inducing ICD to activate antitumor immune responses. Simultaneously, the released IMQ reprograms immunosuppressive M2‐type tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment into M1‐type TAMs with tumor‐killing capabilities, thereby converting “cold” tumors into “hot” tumors. This conversion enhances the therapeutic efficacy against primary and distant tumors in vivo. This study offers new insights into the development of innovative, smart, activatable nano photodrugs to enhance anticancer therapeutic outcomes.
Unlocking Dynamic Subtle Stimuli Tactile Perception: A Deep Learning‐Enhanced Super‐Resolution Tactile Sensor Array with Rapid Response
Authors: Zhou Shuyao , Kong Depeng , Wang Mengke , Wang Baocheng , Lu Yuyao , Lyu Honghao , Lu Zhangli , Tao Yong , Xu Kaichen , Yang Geng 
Published: February 2025

Human skin's touch perception, mediated by mechanoreceptors, can perceive tactile stimuli with a spatial resolution higher than the average spacing between mechanoreceptors, known as super‐resolution. This characteristic enables its sensitivity to both stimulus location and velocity. However, existing robotic tactile sensors lag behind human tactile perception, failing to achieve high spatial resolution and rapid response simultaneously. This significantly hinders robots from executing accurate, time‐sensitive interaction tasks, particularly during dynamic slight‐contact events. Here, a 130 μm‐thick flexible tactile sensor array is designed, with spatial resolution enhanced by a tailored deep learning model, multistage attention‐based adaptive spatial–temporal graph convolutional networks (MS‐AASTGCN), simultaneously achieving a dynamic response of ≈30 ms and a super‐resolution factor of 75.19. The tactile sensor array, based on single‐electrode triboelectric nanogenerators, can detect dynamic subtle stimuli. It features a bio‐inspired topological structure, facilitating super‐resolution performance while offering a large perception area with low sensor (taxel) density. Additionally, the MS‐AASTGCN enhances positioning resolution by extracting features fromsensing data and revealing the hidden relationships among taxels. This research provides new insights into haptic perception systems, enabling the execution of precise, time‐sensitive interaction tasks, such as tracking a bouncing table tennis ball.
Selbstorganisation von ZIF‐8‐Nanopartikeln zu “Brick‐and‐Mortar”‐Membranen für die Wasserstofftrennung durch ein Zink‐Koordinations‐Polymer
Authors: Li Xinxin , Jiao Chengli , Zhang Xiaoqian , Xu Xiaoya , Gul Saeed , Liang Fangyi , Caro Jürgen , Jiang Heqing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDie MOF (metal‐organic framework) Struktur ZIF‐8 (zeolitic imidazolate framework) besitzt eine vergleichsweise hohe Stabilität und permanente Porosität mit einem kristallographischen Porendurchmesser von 3,4 Å, was sie daher zu einem vielversprechenden Kandidaten für Wasserstoff‐Trennmembranen macht. Die meisten polykristallinen ZIF‐8‐Membranen weisen jedoch eine geringe H2/CO2‐Mischgas‐Selektivität (kinetische Durchmesser von 2,9/3,3 Å) auf, was auf die interkristallinen Strukturdefekte und zusätzlich auf die Gerüstflexibilität der ZIF‐8‐Struktur mit einer theoretischen Aperturgröße von 3,4 Å zurückzuführen ist. Inspiriert von der “Brick‐and‐Mortar”‐Struktur von Perlmutt entwickeln wir hier eine Mixed Matrix Membran, bei der kristalline ZIF‐8‐Nanopartikel (Ziegel) durch ein ultradünnes Zink‐Koordinationspolymer als Zwischenschicht (Mörtel) miteinander durch Selbstorganisation verbunden sind. Durch Koordinationsbindungen zwischen Zn2+ und verzweigtem Polyethylenimin (PEI) wird ein Zink‐Koordinationspolymer‐Netzwerk gebildet. Die Zn2+‐Ionen dieses Koordinationspolymers treten in starke Wechselwirkung mit den terminalen Oberflächen‐OH‐Gruppen der ZIF‐8‐Nanopartikel, wodurch interkristalline Defekte in Form von Hohlräumen eliminiert werden. Insbesondere die Transportwege durch das Koordinationspolymer aber auch durch die ZIF‐8‐Kristalle sind H2‐selektiv. Die ZIF‐8‐PEI‐Mixed Matrix Membran zeigt einen schnellen und hochselektiven Wasserstofftransport: Die H2‐Permeabilität beträgt ~1,8×105 Barrer und die H2/CO2‐Selektivität des Mischgases 176, was den Stand der Technik weit übertrifft. Diese bioinspirierte multifunktionale Membran erweitert den Anwendungsbereich von Molekularsiebmembranen.
Activatable Photosensitizers: From Fundamental Principles to Advanced Designs
Authors: Kwon Nahyun , Weng Hanyi , Rajora Maneesha A. , Zheng Gang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment that uses light to excite photosensitizers in target tissue, producing reactive oxygen species and localized cell death. It is recognized as a minimally invasive, clinically approved cancer therapy with additional preclinical applications in arthritis, atherosclerosis, and infection control. A hallmark of ideal PDT is delivering disease‐specific cytotoxicity while sparing healthy tissue. However, conventional photosensitizers often suffer from non‐specific photoactivation, causing off‐target toxicity. Activatable photosensitizers (aPS) have emerged as more precise alternatives, offering controlled activation. Unlike traditional photosensitizers, they remain inert and photoinactive during circulation and off‐target accumulation, minimizing collateral damage. These photosensitizers are designed to “turn on” in response to disease‐specific biostimuli, enhancing therapeutic selectivity and reducing off‐target effects. This review explores the principles of aPS, including quenching mechanisms stemming from activatable fluorescent probes and applied to activatable photosensitizers (RET, PeT, ICT, ACQ, AIE), as well as pathological biostimuli (pH, enzymes, redox conditions, cellular internalization), and bioresponsive constructs enabling quenching and activation. We also provide a critical assessment of unresolved challenges in aPS development, including limitations in targeting precision, selectivity under real‐world conditions, and potential solutions to persistent issues (dual‐lock, targeting moieties, biorthogonal chemistry and artificial receptors). Additionally, it provides an in‐depth discussion of essential research design considerations needed to develop translationally relevant aPS with improved therapeutic outcomes and specificity.
Novel Humidity‐Responsive Nanofiber Film Based on Emulsion Electrospinning for Fruit Preservation
Authors: Cui Zhenhua , Ren Gaihuan , Li Dongxiang , Lu Dongxu , Zheng Xianglong , Zhao Yanchao , Zhang Yunhe , Hu Shenpeng , Sun Wen , Yu Hongqin , Zhou Weitao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe stimuli‐responsive active packaging materials have attracted large attention while using a simple method to prepare stimuli‐responsive active packaging materials remains a challenge. Herein, humidity‐responsive core‐shell poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐citral nanofiber film was successfully prepared via simple emulsion electrospinning. The active substance citral was encapsulated in the core of the PVA/PCL‐citral nanofiber. The controllable release of citral from the core‐shell PVA/PCL‐citral nanofiber film was achieved by changing the microenvironment's humidity due to the PVA shell's swelling in high humidity. The PVA/PCL‐citral nanofiber film exhibited excellent antioxidant capacity with an ABTS free radical scavenging percentage of 88%. The nanofiber film also inhibited Escherichia coli (ATCC 29213) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25922) with antimicrobial rates of 99.99% and 99.98%, respectively. A study on the biocompatible nanofiber film as packaging material was conducted on apricots, and the shelf life of apricots was extended to 9 days. Therefore, the humidity‐responsive PVA/PCL‐citral nanofiber film fabricated in this study has good application potential in antioxidant and antimicrobial packaging.
Carbon Quantum Dot Nanoparticles Enhance the Efficacy of Spodoptera littoralis Nucleopolyhedrovirus Suspoemulsion
Authors: Mehrvar Ali , Ghanbari Solmaz , Söylemezoğlu Gökhan , Toprak Umut 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study evaluates the efficacy of Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliNPV) and laboratory‐synthesized carbon quantum dot nanoparticles (CQDNPs) against the second instar Spodoptera littoralis larvae under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Individually, both SpliNPV and CQDNPs exhibited substantial lethality (91.6% and 83.3% at 1 × 108 OBs/ml and 700 mg/ml, respectively) (p < 0.05). The LC50 values were 1.88 × 105 OB/ml and 434.2 mg/mL, and the LT50 values were 8.9 and 9.8 days, respectively. Four LC‐based combined treatments demonstrated significant additive effects, with the SpliNPV (LC50) + CQDNPs (LC25) combination achieving the optimum effect with a mortality rate of 86.3% and an LT50 value of 6.6 days, leading to its selection for the suspoemulsion nanoparticle (SENP) formulation. The SENP formulation displayed superior performance, achieving the highest mortality rates and fastest killing times across all environments: 89.0% in laboratory conditions, 83.3% on eggplant plants, and 76.6% on pepper plants. In contrast, the suspoemulsion (SE) and unformulated (UF) formulations showed lower efficacy, emphasizing the importance of formulation in enhancing the biological activity of SpliNPV. The LT50 values further supported these findings, with the SENP formulation demonstrating the shortest LT50 values, indicating faster lethality. A significant decrease in CHS‐B, IIM2, PER3, REPAT14, and CDA1 expression was observed, particularly in the combined CQDNPs + SpliNPV treatment, while API expression increased significantly. These findings highlight the potential of nanoparticle‐enhanced formulations like SENP, and integrating CQDNPs with SpliNPV can significantly enhance pest control efficacy.
Influence of the Carboxylates in the 3D Pb(II) Based Catalysts on the Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Janak  , Dhawale Somnath , Abhay  , Markad Datta , Sathe Bhaskar R , Khullar Sadhika 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) is considered to be one of the most important processes for energy storage and conversion applications. However, due to its sluggish kinetics it becomes extremely crucial to design and develop cost‐effective, stable and highly efficient electrocatalysts. Herein, we report two lead(II) based coordination polymers (CPs) {[Pb2(TPBN)(TDC)2].3H2O}n (CP1), and {[Pb2(TPBN)(FDC)2].H2O}n (CP2) synthesized via self‐assembly at ambient conditions in good yields (where TPBN= N,N′,N′′′,N′′′′‐tetrakis‐(2‐pyridylmethyl)‐1,4‐diaminobutane, H2TDC=2,5‐2,5‐thiophenedicarboxylic acid, and H2FDC=2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid. Their 3D structures were determined by Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) studies. The bulk purity and thermal stability of CP1 and CP2 were studied by powder X‐ray diffraction studies and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Both the CPs showed remarkable catalytic activity for the OER. With a current density of 15 mA cm−2, for both CP1 and CP2, overpotentials of 570 mV and 630 mV with tafel slope values of 112 mV dec−1, and 178 mV dec−1 respectively for CP1 and CP2 in 1.0 M alkaline (KOH) solution was obtained. It is notable that the difference in their catalytic performance – CP1 is better than CP2, can be attributed to the subtle single heteroatom in the dicarboxylate ring (S in thiophene and O in furan, respectively).