bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound irradiation attenuates collagen degradation of articular cartilage in early osteoarthritis‐like model mice
Authors: Kojima Yoshitsugu , Watanabe Takayuki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeOsteoarthritis (OA) is a combination of degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage due to mechanical stress, secondary synovitis, and bone remodelling. In recent years, early knee OA, a preliminary stage of structural failure in OA, has attracted attention as a potential target for therapy to prevent the onset of OA. Intra‐articular administration of monoiodoacetic acid (MIA) induces OA‐like symptoms, and low doses of MIA induce early OA like symptoms. In this experiment, a low‐dose of MIA was induced to early OA model mice, which were then irradiated with low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) to examine whether LIPUS improves symptoms of early OA.MethodsAfter 4 weeks of LIPUS irradiation, articular cartilage was observed at 1 and 4 weeks. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores were calculated using Safranin‐O staining results. Cartilage degeneration was detected using Denatured Collagen Detection Reagent (DCDR).ResultsWe observed a significant decrease in OARSI scores in the LIPUS irradiated group at week 4. The non‐LIPUS group showed widespread areas of double positivity for Type II collagen and DCDR, whereas the LIPUS group showed only a small number of DCDR‐positive areas. In addition, macrophage numbers counted in the articular capsule at week 1 showed a significant decrease in the LIPUS irradiated group. Lubricin detection showed that lubricin positive cell number was significantly increased by LIPUS irradiation at week 4.ConclusionsThese results suggest that LIPUS attenuates cartilage degeneration in early OA by relieving inflammation and enhancing the inhibitory effect of lubricin on cartilage degeneration.
Research progress of multi-enzyme complexes based on the design of scaffold protein
Authors: Wang Xiangyi , Jiang Yi , Liu Hongling , Yuan Haibo , Huang Di , Wang Tengfei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMulti-enzyme complexes designed based on scaffold proteins are a current topic in molecular enzyme engineering. They have been gradually applied to increase the production of enzyme cascades, thereby achieving effective biosynthetic pathways. This paper reviews the recent progress in the design strategy and application of multi-enzyme complexes. First, the metabolic channels in the multi-enzyme complex have been introduced, and the construction strategies of the multi-enzyme complex emerging in recent years have been summarized. Then, the discovered enzyme cascades related to scaffold proteins are discussed, emphasizing on the influence of the linker on the fusion enzyme (fusion protein) and its possible mechanism. This review is expected to provide a more theoretical basis for the modification of multi-enzyme complexes and broaden their applications in synthetic biology.
Fuzzy logic applied to the diagnosis of technical conditions of distribution transformers
Authors: Gil Eduardo Sierra , Sivilla José Eduardo Montejo , González Amaury Sedano , Cabrera Yaíma Filiberto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe distribution transformers are one of the most important elements for the operation of the distribution networks, considering their quantity and dispersion in the network, and that the failures cause great economic losses, both from the point of view of the transformer itself and of the cost of the energy left to serve. The technical condition of the distribution transformers depends on multiple external factors that influence the loss of useful life of the same, and therefore, it is necessary to relate them for a correct diagnosis. In the present work, a method based on fuzzy logic is developed for the diagnosis of distribution transformers, considering the international regulations that govern its operation. The resulting procedure was implemented using the fuzzy toolbox of MATLAB programming tools version 9.8 (R2020a). A random sample of transformers in three distribution circuits was evaluated, and the results correspond to that established in the IEEE C57.91 standard of 2011.
Gender Differences in Daily Time Use: Trends and Educational Differentials
Authors: Park Hyunjoon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Using time-diary data collected in 1999, 2009, and 2019, this study documents changes over the last two decades in gender differences in time use for five major daily activities—housework, work outside the home, family care, leisure, and self-care, among Korean mothers and fathers with at least one child aged ten to eighteen. Given the rapid expansion of higher education among women, which outpaces the corresponding expansion among men, trends in gender disparities in daily time use provide a litmus test to evaluate progress toward gender equality. In assessing temporal changes in gender disparities in time use, particular attention is paid to potentially heterogeneous trends across mothers and fathers with different levels of education. The trends in both overall and education-specific time allocations reveal some evidence of progress toward more equal time use between mothers and fathers. However, even in 2019 Korean mothers spent much more time on housework but considerably less time on work outside the home. Moreover, the progress toward gender parity in time use has not been even across levels of education: it has been more evident among those with a bachelor’s degree or higher than their counterparts with lower levels of education.
The role of probiotics in the treatment of depressive disorders. A critical review
Authors: Głaz Aneta , Knop-Chodyła Kinga , Kochanowska-Mazurek Anna , Wach Damian , Piasecka Zuzanna , Wesołek Ewelina , Kasztelan-Szczerbińska Beata , Skrzydło-Radomańska Barbara 
Published: October 2023

Depressive disorders are a widespread problem in modern medicine. According to current data from the World Health Organisation, an estimated 280 million people worldwide suffer from depression. In recent years, there have been reports of a correlation between the composition of the gut microbiota and the development of depressive disorders and attempts to modify it through the use of psychobiotics.
The literature from the PubMed database published between 2018-2023 has been explored. 596 articles were selected based on the keywords "probiotics" and "depression". Six randomized clinical trials were finally included in the analysis.
As defined elsewhere, psychobiotics are probiotic bacteria which supplemented in adequate amounts, interact with the gut-brain axis and show beneficial effects on patients' mental health. Results from recent RCTs suggest that daily probiotic supplementation significantly reduces the severity of depression compared to placebo (p<0.05). Additionally, this effect may be enhanced by the combined use of a probiotic with a prebiotic. Furthermore, some researchers indicate that probiotics may lead to significant improvements in cognitive function in patients suffering from depressive disorders.
In conclusion, intestinal dysbiosis may be an important factor leading to the development of mental illness. Results of recent studies suggest that specific strains of probiotic bacteria may offer therapeutic benefits in the treatment of the aforementioned disorders. However, further clinical studies are needed to objectively confirm the relationship between gut microbiota composition and the development of depression.
The influence of low-progressive scoliosis and its atlas on selected features of the pelvis and spine among 7-15-year-old youth of both sexes and environments
Authors: Mrozkowiak Mirosław 
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the significant effect of low-progressive scoliosis and the location of its atlas on the values of selected features describing the pelvis and spine.
Material and Methods. The study was carried out in a group of 2,361 subjects aged 7 to 15 years, in 6 semiannual consecutive editions. This allowed to record 16,608 observations of 31 features describing posture by photogrammetric method.
Results. Three influential traits were selected for multiple regression analysis with selection of a subset of the optimal set of variables like the deviation of the spinous process to the left or right from the vertical and the location of the atlas of this deviation.
Conclusions. (1) The effect of low-progressive scoliosis and its atlas on selected features of the spine and pelvis is multidirectional and varied. (2) Left and right low-progressive scoliosis significantly and positively affects almost all features of the spine and pelvis. Significant negative influence is episodic. The features with a significant relationship are Delta angle, the length of lumbar lordosis and the angle of pelvic torsion to the left and right. (3) The low-progressive scoliosis and its atlas show significant and negative effects on the angle of thoracic kyphosis and the length and height of lumbar lordosis.
Peasant diary as a text of folklore?
Authors: Wilczyńska Elwira 
Published: October 2023

The article attempts to answer the question of the genological status of peasant diaries. These texts were certainly being written from the beginning of the nineteenth century, but it is not impossible that peasants recorded their reflections earlier as well. The genre flourished in the post-war years, when organisers of numerous competitions encouraged the villagers to write their autobiographies, and lasted essentially until the late 1970s. The source material makes it possible to study the transformations that the texts themselves underwent over the period of a century, as well as the way their authors perceived reality and their own place in it.
Researchers of autobiographical records point to the formation of the beginnings of an individualistic attitude as a prerequisite for a person taking the trouble to record the events of their own life. Peasant diaries make it possible to trace the dynamics of changes in peasant consciousness: from a traditional society based on oral transmission to a (proto-)modern one, rooted in the culture of writing (print). The author poses the hypothesis that the origins of peasant diarism should be sought in oral folklore, as indicated by the formal similarity of the first records of this type to traditional folklore genres. Over time, however, diarism breaks away from its roots, turning into an expression of the authors’ individual traits and thus coming closer to literature.
Rewitalizacja dziecięcych gier i zabaw tradycyjnych Śląska Cieszyńskiego
Authors: Szalbot Magdalena 
Published: October 2023

Artykuł stanowi sprawozdanie z badań diagnozujących stan zachowania dziecięcych gier i zabaw tradycyjnych we wspomnieniach najstarszych mieszkańców Śląska Cieszyńskiego. Rozpatrując je jako element niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego oraz wykorzystując wyniki badań, podjęto refleksję nad założeniami działań rewitalizacyjnych, które mają na celu podtrzymanie znajomości oraz wdrażanie – szczególnie najmłodszych – w praktykowanie niegdyś popularnych zachowań zabawowych wywodzących się z lokalnych tradycji kulturowych w sposób, który umożliwi przekazanie im wiedzy o dziedzictwie kulturowym regionu.
Complications and associated risk factors after surgical management of proximal femoral fractures
Authors: Walter Nike , Szymski Dominik , Kurtz Steven M. , Lowenberg David W. , Alt Volker , Lau Edmund C. , Rupp Markus 
Published: October 2023

AimsThis work aimed at answering the following research questions: 1) What is the rate of mechanical complications, nonunion and infection for head/neck femoral fractures, intertrochanteric fractures, and subtrochanteric fractures in the elderly USA population? and 2) Which factors influence adverse outcomes?MethodsProximal femoral fractures occurred between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2019 were identified from the Medicare Physician Service Records Data Base. The Kaplan-Meier method with Fine and Gray sub-distribution adaptation was used to determine rates for nonunion, infection, and mechanical complications. Semiparametric Cox regression model was applied incorporating 23 measures as covariates to identify risk factors.ResultsUnion failure occured in 0.89% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83 to 0.95) after head/neck fracturs, in 0.92% (95% CI 0.84 to 1.01) after intertrochanteric fracture and in 1.99% (95% CI 1.69 to 2.33) after subtrochanteric fractures within 24 months. A fracture-related infection was more likely to occur after subtrochanteric fractures than after head/neck fractures (1.64% vs 1.59%, hazard ratio (HR) 1.01 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.17); p < 0.001) as well as after intertrochanteric fractures (1.64% vs 1.13%, HR 1.31 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.52); p < 0.001). Anticoagulant use, cerebrovascular disease, a concomitant fracture, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, open fracture, and rheumatoid disease was identified as risk factors. Mechanical complications after 24 months were most common after head/neck fractures with 3.52% (95% CI 3.41 to 3.64; currently at risk: 48,282).ConclusionThe determination of complication rates for each fracture type can be useful for informed patient-clinician communication. Risk factors for complications could be identified for distinct proximal femur fractures in elderly patients, which are accessible for therapeutical treatment in the management.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(10):801–807.
Off-axis imaging with off-axis parabolic mirrors
Authors: Liu Albert 
Published: October 2023

Off-axis parabolic mirrors are commonly used to focus beams of light propagating along their optical axis. However, certain applications require the focusing of beams displaced from the optical axis. As this regime is less commonly encountered, we clarify certain unintuitive aspects of the imaging. These considerations have direct applications in implementing non-collinear optical geometries using a single parabolic mirror.
Measurement of the 5S1/2 to 5D5/2 two-photon clock transition frequency of rubidium-85 in high vacuum
Authors: Chu Chi-Hsiang , Chang Po-Cheng , Shih Yu-Jhe , Luh Dah-An , Chang Ming-Shien , Liu Tze-Wei , Lin Yi-Ting , Chen Bo-Wei , Cheng Wang-Yau 
Published: October 2023

We present a scheme to precisely resolve the unperturbed line shape of an optical rubidium clock transition in a high vacuum, by which we avoided the systematic errors of “collision shift” and “modulation shift.” The spectral resolution resolved by this scheme is significantly improved such that we can use “Zeeman broadening” to inspect the stray magnetic field, through which we were able to compensate the magnetic field inside the Rb cells to be below 10
−
3 Gauss. We thus update the absolute frequency of the clock transition and propose a standard operation procedure (SOP) for the clock self-calibration.
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of gestational duration and spontaneous preterm birth identifies new maternal risk loci
Authors: Pasanen Anu , Karjalainen Minna K. ,   FinnGen, Zhang Ge , Tiensuu Heli , Haapalainen Antti M. , Ojaniemi Marja , Feenstra Bjarke , Jacobsson Bo , Palotie Aarno , Laivuori Hannele , Muglia Louis J. , Rämet Mika , Hallman Mikko 
Published: October 2023

Background
Preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation) is a major cause of neonatal death and morbidity. Up to 40% of the variation in timing of birth results from genetic factors, mostly due to the maternal genome.

Methods
We conducted a genome-wide meta-analysis of gestational duration and spontaneous preterm birth in 68,732 and 98,370 European mothers, respectively.

Results
The meta-analysis detected 15 loci associated with gestational duration, and four loci associated with preterm birth. Seven of the associated loci were novel. The loci mapped to several biologically plausible genes, for example HAND2 whose expression was previously shown to decrease during gestation, associated with gestational duration, and GC (Vitamin D-binding protein), associated with preterm birth. Downstream in silico-analysis suggested regulatory roles as underlying mechanisms for the associated loci. LD score regression found birth weight measures as the most strongly correlated traits, highlighting the unique nature of spontaneous preterm birth phenotype. Tissue expression and colocalization analysis revealed reproductive tissues and immune cell types as the most relevant sites of action.

Conclusion
We report novel genetic risk loci that associate with preterm birth or gestational duration, and reproduce findings from previous genome-wide association studies. Altogether, our findings provide new insight into the genetic background of preterm birth. Better characterization of the causal genetic mechanisms will be important to public health as it could suggest new strategies to treat and prevent preterm birth.
Prevalence and public health significance of rabies virus in bats in the North Region of Cameroon
Authors: Dah Isaac , Poueme Namegni Rodrigue Simonet , Mouiche Mouliom Mohamed Moctar , Dickmu Jumbo Simon , Nguena Guefack Noumedem Ranyl , Conclois Isabelle , Florian Liegeois , God-Yang Laurent , Kameni Feussom Jean Marc , Wade Abel , Missé Dorothée , Awah-Ndukum Julius 
Published: October 2023

Background
Rabies is a zoonotic disease of all warm-blooded animals including humans. There is a paucity of data on the status of rabies in wild animals in Cameroon and the disease is endemic in the country with dogs being the main source of transmission. Bat habitats are widespread in Cameroon, but there is limited information on the prevalence of rabies in bats, and their role of as potential reservoirs of rabies virus.

Methods
A cross sectional study was carried out to estimate the prevalence and to assess risk factors of rabies virus in bats in the North Region of Cameroon. A total of 212 bats belonging to three families (Pteropodidae, Vespertilionidae and Molossidae) and 5 species were sampled in 7 localities in the North Region of Cameroon and were tested for rabies virus antigen using direct Immunofluorescence Test (IFA).

Results
Overall, 26.9% (57/212) of the bats collected showed an IFA positive reaction. The prevalence was significantly higher (P<0.05) in adult bats (33.3% (36/108)) compared to young individuals (20.2%; 21/104). The main risk factors identified in the study for human exposure to bats were gender (Male), religion (Christianity), localities (Babla and Lagdo), the practice of bat hunting, bat consumption, unawareness of bat rabies and cohabitation with bats in close proximity.

Conclusion
The study revealed the first evidence of Lyssavirus in bats in Cameroon. This finding showed that bat rabies are real and represents a potential public health concern in communities with bat habitats in the North Region of Cameroon. Enhancing the level of public awareness and health education on the potential of bats as reservoirs of Lyssavirus in Cameroon as well as the integration of the “One Health” approach for effective management of animal and human rabies should be emphasized.
Initial Beliefs Uncertainty
Authors: Galimberti Jaqueson K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper evaluates how initial beliefs uncertainty can affect data weighting and the estimation of models with adaptive learning. One key finding is that misspecification of initial beliefs uncertainty, particularly with the common approach of artificially inflating initials uncertainty to accelerate convergence of estimates, generates time-varying profiles of weights given to past observations in what should otherwise follow a fixed profile of decaying weights. The effect of this misspecification, denoted as diffuse initials, is shown to distort the estimation and interpretation of learning in finite samples. Simulations of a forward-looking Phillips curve model indicate that (i) diffuse initials lead to downward biased estimates of expectations relevance in the determination of actual inflation, and (ii) these biases spill over to estimates of inflation responsiveness to output gaps. An empirical application with U.S. data shows the relevance of these effects for the determination of expectational stability over decadal subsamples of data. The use of diffuse initials is also found to lead to downward biased estimates of learning gains, both estimated from an aggregate representative model and estimated to match individual expectations from survey expectations data.
Probabilistic hierarchical clustering based identification and segmentation of brain tumors in magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Vidyarthi Ankit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The automatic segmentation of the abnormality region from the head MRI is a challenging task in the medical science domain. The abnormality in the form of the tumor comprises the uncontrolled growth of the cells. The automatic identification of the affected cells using computerized software systems is demanding in the past several years to provide a second opinion to radiologists. In this paper, a new clustering approach is introduced based on the machine learning aspect that clusters the tumor region from the input MRI using disjoint tree generation followed by tree merging. Further, the proposed algorithm is improved by introducing the theory of joint probabilities and nearest neighbors. Later, the proposed algorithm is automated to find the number of clusters required with its nearest neighbors to do semantic segmentation of the tumor cells. The proposed algorithm provides good semantic segmentation results having the DB index-0.11 and Dunn index-13.18 on the SMS dataset. While the experimentation with BRATS 2015 dataset yields Dice
complete=80.5 %, Dice
core=73.2 %, and Dice
enhanced=62.8 %. The comparative analysis of the proposed approach with benchmark models and algorithms proves the model’s significance and its applicability to do semantic segmentation of the tumor cells with the average increment in the accuracy of around ±2.5 % with machine learning algorithms.