bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic Disparities in Adolescents' Caries Prevalence
Authors: Cho Seongha 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Policymakers and academics have explored the behavioral approach in their attempts to explain and address the socioeconomic disparities in adolescents' oral health. However, evidence regarding this issue is scarce in the Korean adolescent population. This study aimed to examine whether socioeconomic status is associated with dental caries and whether oral health-related behaviors (OHRBs) explain or moderate the hypothesized association in Korean adolescents.

Methods:
A secondary analysis was conducted using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2016 to 2019. Adolescents (n = 1062) aged 13–18 years were included in the analysis. The association between income and untreated decayed permanent teeth (DT) was investigated, focusing on the intermediary roles of OHRBs, using hierarchical negative binomial regression models.

Results:
Higher income (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.70, P < 0.001), regular breakfast intake (IRR 0.64, P < 0.001), higher fruit and vegetable consumption (IRR 0.93, P < 0.001), preventive dental check-ups (IRR 0.84, P < 0.001), and frequent toothbrushing (IRR 0.73, P < 0.001) were associated with lower DT. The income-DT association remained significant and its magnitude was only slightly attenuated, after adjusting for OHRBs (IRR 0.74, P < 0.001). Significant interaction effects were found between income and each OHRB on DT (all with P < 0.001), and interaction patterns differed by behavior type: The income-DT association was stronger in the presence of unfavorable dietary-and favorable dental care-behaviors.

Conclusion:
The study findings suggested that adolescent oral health equity interventions should prioritize the structural approach and give more thorough consideration to the interactions between socioeconomic and behavioral factors.
Utilisation of weather forecast information amongst maize farmers in Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: K.O. Ogunjinmi  , O.A. Adeyeye  , B.A. Oyebamiji  , Y. Joshua  , K.G. Adeosun  , A.A. Ogunjinmi  , J. Adeoye  
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the use of weather forecast information (WFI) as an adaptation measure of climate change among maize farmers in Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select 120 respondents for this study. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain data, summarized and presented by using tables, frequency counts, percentages and means while Chi-square and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the relationships between variables. Results showed that the mean age, household size, farming experience, average annual income and farm size were 44.9 years, 8 people, 23.2 years, N692,583.3 and 5.0 ha respectively. Also, radio (95.8%) and fellow farmers (94.2%) were the key sources by which the respondents accessed weather forecast information. Half (50 %) of the respondents had a favourable perception towards WFI. Also, 55.8% of the respondents had high usage of WFI. However, its usage was impeded by poor agricultural extension service (=3.58), inadequate extension training on weather forecast (=3.42), lack of assistance in interpreting WFI (=3.40), inadequate electric power supply (=3.28), inadequate knowledge of WFI (=3.16), language barrier (=3.05) and untimeliness of WFI (=3.04). Statistically, there existed a significant association between the respondents’ land ownership and the utilisation of WFI (ꭓ2=13.218, p<0.01). Pearson correlation result revealed a significant relationship (p˂0.01) between maize farmers’ perception of WFI and its utilisation. (r=0.445, p<0.01). For improved adaptation to climate change in the study area, the study suggested an improved agricultural extension service to which could be achieved through the provision of climate field schools to improve farmers’ comprehension, interpretation, and utilisation of WFI.
Profile and Predictors of Psychological Manifestations of COVID-19 among Adults in Selected Communities of Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Durowade K.A. , Musa O.I. , Salaudeen A.G. , Adeniyi M.A. , Sanni T.A. , Omuemu V.O. 
Published: February 2024

Background: The Corona Virus Disease-2019 caused by the virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus - 2 resulted in a global public health problem. Various strategies and interventions were implemented to contain the spread around the world. Despite this, the pandemic persisted with fear and anxiety leading to worsening psychological state. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the profile and predictors of psychological manifestations of COVID-19 among adults in Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select adults aged 18 years and above. A pre-tested, structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23 was used for data analysis and spatial mapping. Level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: More than a tenth (15.3%) of the respondents had experienced severe psychological manifestations due to COVID-19. Younger age (p<0.001), higher level of education (p<0.001), higher monthly income (p=0.013), smaller household size (p=0.001), working in the hospital environment (p=0.001), and rural residence (p=0.005) were significantly associated with psychological manifestations due to COVID-19. Younger age (p=0.030), tertiary education (p=0.020), rural location (p<0.001) and working in the hospital environment (p=0.021) were significant predictors of severe psychological manifestations due to COVID-19.
Conclusion: Psychological manifestations due to COVID-19 was high among the study population and this cuts across socio-demographic and socio-economic groups. Awareness campaigns by the Ekiti State government and other relevant stakeholders could help to reduce this in the population
Perceptions and Factors affecting Utilization of Primary Health Care Services in a predominantly Urban Community in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Iyinbor V.T. , Olu O.O.M. , Nwaogwugwu J.C. , Adam V.Y. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Primary Health Care is the cornerstone of a sustainable national health system for the attainment of universal health coverage. There is poor demand for health services at the primary level of care. This study assessed the perceptions and factors affecting the utilization of primary health care services in a predominantly urban community in South-South Nigeria.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done in Egor, Benin City, Southern Nigeria. A structured, and interviewer administered questionnaire was distributed to 371 heads of household who were selected using multistage sampling method. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.
Results: Majority of the respondents were males 191 (51.6%). More than half, 195 (52.5%) were in the age group of 35-49 years. Less than half, 171 (46.1%)of the respondents had utilized primary health care services. Only, 42 (24.6%) perceived the services utilized were satisfactory. Immunization, 45 (26.3%), child, 39 (22.8%) and maternal, 32 (18.7%) health care services were the most utilized. Sex (OR = 0.599; CI = 0.38-0.94, p = 0.027), religion (OR = 2.246; CI = 1.066-4.735, p = 0.033), and occupation (OR = 2.437; CI = 1.106-5.367, p = 0.027) were factors associated with the utilization of health services in the study locale.
Conclusions: The utilization of the primary health care services was low, and the perception of services utilized was not satisfactory. The Local Government Health Authority needs to strengthen the primary health care system. Also, improved community engagement and participation could enhance health services access and uptake.
Profile of Confirmed Cases during Lassa fever Outbreak in Etsako West Local Government Area, Edo State
Authors: Alenoghena I. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Lassa fever (LF) is an acute viral haemorraghic fever caused by the Lassa virus. The objective of this study was to describe the profile of confirmed cases of Lassa fever during an outbreak in Etsako West Local Government Area, Edo State.
Methods: A descriptive review of records of cases of Lassa fever between 1st of January to 4th of March, 2019 was done. Confirmation of cases was done using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Data analysis was by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 and descriptive statistics was done.
Results: Out of a total of 150 suspected cases of Lassa fever recorded during the period, 63 (42.0%) were confirmed. Among the confirmed cases, the mean age was 28±16.4 years and 34 (54.0%) were males. The incidence of the disease was highest among those within the ages of 15-45 (66.7%) years. The highest proportions of confirmed cases were from Jattu 25 (39.7%) and Auchi 24 (38.1%) communities. The case fatality rate was 12 (19%).
Conclusion: The incidence of Lassa fever was highest among the productive age group with about one in five deaths recorded during the outbreak. The State Government should step-up environmental sanitation activities in Jattu and Auchi Communities in Etsako West LGA.
Conceptual design and analysis of a tricycle mounted solar-powered photovoltaic cold room system
Authors: Akinsade A. , Eiche J.F. , Akinola A.O. , Famodun M.O. 
Published: February 2024

Energy crisis in developing countries is worrisome, and this has made the preservation and transportation of medical and perishable food items a common problem. Most conventional refrigeration systems operate with electricity; however, there are regions where it is difficult or not cost efficient to provide electric service. Therefore, this research seeks to solve the problems of inconsistent, irregular and complete non availability of power supply required to keep food products and drugs refrigerated over a long period of time by designing a tricycle mounted solar-powered cold room. The tricycle mounted solar-powered cold room designed consists of a refrigeration system having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator; a solar system having a photovoltaic (PV) module, charge regulator, storage battery and DC to AC inverter; and a tricycle for easy distribution and safe delivery of refrigerated items. A comprehensive analytical design was performed on each of the systems and the design results showed that the solar-powered cold room has refrigerating cooling load, PV array size, battery cap, and inverter power of 986 W, 275 W, 94 kWh, and 8000 W respectively. A structural analysis was also carried out on the tricycle chassis using the finite element method on Autodesk Inventor software. The results showed that the maximum von misses stress experienced by tricycle chassis was 56.96 MPa which is significantly lower than the yield strength of the chassis material used in the design, indicating a robust structural integrity and can therefore be used to carry the loads that it will be subjected to without deformation.
Case report: A case report of optic nerve glioma in a 5-year-old African girl
Authors: Olaofe O.O. , Adewara B.A. , Okongwu C.C. , Ewoye E.E. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Optic nerve gliomas are rare tumors that constitute less than 5% of all pediatric central nervous system tumors.
Case Presentation: We present the case of a 5-year-old girl with complaints of progressive protrusion of the right eye and poor vision of 3 years duration who was referred to the ophthalmologist. Ophthalmological evaluation of the right eye revealed tearing, no perception of light, inferior dystopia, severe proptosis, and a firm non-tender orbital mass palpable posterior to the eyeball. The cranial CT-scan was suggestive of a right optic nerve glioma. Histology showed Optic Glioma with extensive proliferation of meningothelial cells.
Conclusion: Optic gliomas can be associated with extensive proliferation of meningothelial cells that can histologically mimic a meningioma. It is important to be cautious about making a diagnosis of meningioma for tumors in locations that are also characteristic of optic nerve gliomas especially in appropriate clinical settings.

French title: Rapport de cas : Un rapport de cas de gliome du nerf optique chez une fillette africaine de 5 ans Titre en cours - Gliome optique chez une fillette africaineContexte de l'étude : Les gliomes du nerf optique sont des tumeurs rares qui constituent moins de 5 % de toutes les tumeurs pédiatriques du système nerveux central.
Présentation de cas : Nous présentons le cas d'une fillette de 5 ans présentant des plaintes de protrusion progressive de l'œil droit et une mauvaise vision depuis 3 ans qui a été référée à l'ophtalmologiste. L'évaluation ophtalmologique de l'œil droit a révélé un larmoiement, une absence de perception de la lumière, une dystopie inférieure, une exophtalmie sévère et une masse orbitaire ferme et non douloureuse, palpable en arrière du globe oculaire. Le scanner crânien était évocateur d'un gliome du nerf optique droit. L'histologie montrait un gliome optique avec une prolifération étendue de cellules méningothéliales.
Conclusion : Les gliomes optiques peuvent être associés à une prolifération étendue de cellules méningothéliales pouvant mimer histologiquement un méningiome. Il est important d'être prudent avant de poser un diagnostic de méningiome pour des tumeurs situées dans des localisations également caractéristiques des gliomes du nerf optique, en particulier dans des contextes cliniques appropriés.
Critical Review of Phanta Kalpana and Phytochemical Comparison of Panchakola Phanta with Panchakola Kashaya
Authors: Haris M.S  , Sreeni T.V  
Published: February 2024

Phanta Kalpana, the process of herbal hot infusion is one of the five fundamental Ayurvedic preparations. A unique Kalpana is specifically mentioned for those with a minor illness, little strength, and younger age. However, this Kalpana is not widely utilizing because of the unavailability of scientific data and uncertainty about its action. Even though it is a simple Kalpana while analyzing available references numerous differences were determined among Ayurvedic classics. Differences of opinion or expression of comments noted in drug to water ratio, order mixing of water and drug, temperature of the water, time of contact, Powder size, and the need for stir and strain. Different experiments were conducted based on these parameters. And it shows their significance. In addition, a market sample examination of two separate Kashaya Choornas of two companies produced results with completely different powder sizes. Product output will vary due to these practical variations unless later changes are made to other parameters. Comparative physiochemical and phytochemical analyses of Kashaya and Phanta Kashaya were done. Values are almost similar except for total solid content and GCMS. Total solid rises along with the reduction in Kashya. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents show almost similar values, whereas GCMS analysis shows peaks of some molecules in Phanta Kashaya and peaks of some other molecules in Kashaya Kalpana. So, each of these two Kalpana favors solubilizing and makes bioavailable different ranges of biomolecules. So, each of these Kalpana has a different and specific utility and function.
An Antimicrobial Evaluation of Bhasmeshwara Rasa on Salmonella Typhi
Authors: J M Urvashiba  , BN Ashok Kumar  , A Ravindra  , V S Sushmitha  , P R R Geethesh  
Published: February 2024

Infections can be caused by a wide range of pathogens and bacteria are one among them. Presently, we confront a significant challenge concerning antimicrobial resistance, leading the world to explore alternative medicine as a potential solution. Bhasmeshwara rasa is a formulation mentioned under Sannipataja jwara chikitsa in Rasendra Chintamani which acts on all three Doshas. It is a Khalviya Rasayana containing Vanyopala bhasma (cow dung cake Bhasma), Maricha and Shuddha vatsanabha and its Anupana is Ardraka Swarasa.
Even though there is no Parada used in this formulation, still this formulation is suffixed with “Rasa” in its name Bhasmeshwara. In vitro anti-bacterial study, the action of Bhasmeshwara rasa was tested against Salmonella typhi by well diffusion method. A combination of Bhasmeshwara Rasa and Ardraka Swarasa showed antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi. Hence, with the present study, it can be concluded that Bhasmeshwara Rasa and Ardraka Swarasa combination shows mild to moderate anti-bacterial activity.
A Case Series on Importance of Rukshana Therapy in Spinal Pathology
Authors: Nutan Mahato  , Sudarsana Kaveri R.N  , Shylamma T.M  , Bindu P.R  
Published: February 2024

Spinal pathologies like cervical spondylosis and lumbar spondylosis have become very much prevalent due to lifestyle and environmental factors. Neck pain and low back pain is the leading cause of years lived with disabilities. Ayurveda always insisted on intervening at the early stage of every disease so that the progress of pathology can be prevented. To counteract these conditions, Ayurveda has put forth six-fold treatment methodologies called Shadupakrama. Rukshana is one among them which can be used as both Bahiparimarjana and Antahparimarjana chikitsa. With Rukshana therapy, the body’s oily, sticky, fatty constituents are dried up and reduced. In this case series, three cases related to spinal pathology, especially cervical and lumbar spondylosis were successfully treated by incorporating the principle of Rukshana. Initially, the condition was visualized as Kaphavruta Vata/Vataanubandha Kapha. Hence the first line of treatment should be Kaphavatahara. Apart from these there is the involvement of Ama in the Samprapthi and considering all these factors internally Rukshana was attained via oral medications and externally by Rukshana upakrama. After the Rukshana therapy patient shows marked improvement, assessments were recorded by comparing the grade of pain, joint tenderness, and range of motion before and after treatment. Notable changes are evidence that the Ayurvedic way of approach to treating spinal disorders is effective and successful. After Rukshana karma, Snigdha bahya karma was adopted along with some internal medications.
Pemberian Sanksi Hukum Bagi Perusahaan Berbadan Hukum Perseroan Terbatas (PT) dalam Pelanggaran Kewajiban Coorporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Yahya Michael Gerarrldino , Reykasari Yunita 
Published: February 2024

Perusahaan yang merupakan badan usaha dan berada di tengah masyarakat harus memperhatikan kondisi lingkungan maupun masyarakat yang terdapat disekitarnya sehingga yang tidak merusak ataupun berdampak merugikan, setidaknya tentang menghilangkan atau mengurangi dari dampak negatif dari pendirian serta kegiatan produksi perusahaan. Untuk mengetahui pengaturan sanksi hukum bagi PT yang tidak melakukan kewajiban Coorporate Social Responsibility berdasarkan studi dari Putusan MK RI No. 53/PUU-VI/2008 tentang Judicial Review Pasal 74 Undang-Undang No. 40 Tahun 2007 tentang PT. Pendekatan yang dilaksanakan melalui cara melangsungkan telaah terhadap seluruh undang-undang maupun peraturan yang mempunyai keterkaitan terhadap isu hukum yang sedang dihadapi. Hendaknya pemerintah selaku pembuat undang-undang lebih ditegaskan lagi perarturan tentang sanksi dari pelanggaran Coorporate Social Responsibility di pasal yang sudah dijelaskan agar tidak menimbulkan kekaburan norma. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan perundang undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaturan sanksi hukum bagi perusahaan yang tidak menjalankan kewajiban CSR berdasarkan studi dari putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi RI No.53/PUU-VI/2008 tentang judicial review pasal 74 Undang-undang No.40 Tahun 2007 tentang PT.
Kuat Tekan Beton Menggunakan Material Tanah Mediteran Asal Dusun Kadinge
Authors: Arrang Abdias T , Rangan Parea Rusan , Sendana Salmon , Mapaliey Yulieanti S. 
Published: February 2024

Concrete is one of material that is widely used in infrastructure development, this is due to the abundance of concrete building materials available in nature. This study utilizes mediterranean soil as a substitute for fine aggregate and cement substitution to determine the feasibility of the mixed-concrete mediterranean soil against the achieved compressive strength.
In this research, a laboratory experimental study method was used, that is conducting a compressive strength test on sample with the composition of the Mediterranean soil as a fine aggregate substitution of 25% and 50%, and the mediterranean soil passed sieve No. 200 which is heated to a temperature of 400 0 C as a cement substitute for 3% and 5%. The compressive strength of the concrete is 20 MPa with a slump of 100 mm.
The results showed that the compressive strength of 25% and 50% fine aggregate substitution concrete was 20.05 MPa and 13.739 MPa, or only 94.23% and 60% compressive strength of concrete without mediterranean soil (21.235 MPa). Meanwhile, the compressive strength of 3% and 5% cement substitution concrete was 17.74 MPa and 14.53 MPa, or only 83.59% and 68.45% compressive strength of concrete without mediterranean soil.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Melalui Program Pelaksanaan Sholat Dhuha di SMP IT Ad Durrah
Authors: M.Adimas Juanda Panjaitan  , Mario Kasduri  
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the management of Islamic religious education learning through the dhuha prayer implementation program at smp it ad durrah. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative research with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth direct observation, interviews and documentation. The location used as the object of study at SMP IT Ad Durrah. In this study, four data analyses were used, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The research findings show that principals and religious teachers plan religious learning through curriculum development and meetings. Religious learning through habituation of dhuha prayers at AD DURRAH IT Junior High School is carried out with good management. This is indicated by the enthusiasm of the students to do wudhu and perform dhuha prayers. Dhuha prayers are performed in Islamic Education subjects. Dhuha prayers are performed by students in grades 1 to 3 of junior high school. However, the place of worship is inadequate. Evaluation is routinely carried out at teacher meetings. The conclusion of this study is that the management of Islamic religious education learning through the dhuha prayer implementation program at AD durrah IT Junior High School provides important learning to students and provides continuous learning for them so as to give birth to religious students not only carrying out the obligatory but living the Sunnah of the Prophet.