bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of the Hall Technique by dentists in East China: A questionnaire‐based cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Ding Ning , Ding Qin , Sheng Kai , Wang Sun , Lai Guangyun , Wang Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Hall Technique (HT) is now regarded as one of the biological management options for carious primary molars and has shown significant clinical success.AimTo investigate the perception and the use of the HT among dentists engaging in paediatric dentistry in East China.DesignThis was an electronic questionnaire‐based cross‐sectional study. A quick response code of the questionnaire via WeChat, a common communication tool in China, was sent to dentists in East China.ResultsA total of 313 dentists participated in this study. Most surveyed clinicians had heard about the HT (n = 286, 91.4%). Of them, 40.2% (n = 115) reported having used the HT. Of 67 dentists working in private clinics, 34 (50.7%) had used the HT, whereas only 37% of dentists from public hospitals had used the HT. Of 115 dentists having used the HT, 91.3% (n = 105) would consider using the HT for Class II cavitated molars; 23.5% (n = 27) would consider using the HT for Class I cavitated molars. Most dentists who had not used the HT were concerned about complications such as pulp inflammation or necrosis after applying the HT.ConclusionThe HT is well known in East China; the lack of systematic training or courses, however, may decrease its utilization.
Ginger extract loaded Fe2O3/MgO‐doped hydroxyapatite: Evaluation of biological properties for bone–tissue engineering
Authors: Bhattacharjee Arjak , Bose Susmita 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMedicinal properties of naturally sourced biomolecules, such as ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract, are documented in the traditional Indian and Chinese medical systems. However, limited work is performed to assess the potential of ginger extracts for bone–tissue engineering. Our work demonstrates the direct incorporation of ginger extract on iron oxide–magnesium oxide (Fe2O3 and MgO) co‐doped hydroxyapatite (HA) for enhancement in the biological properties. The addition of Fe2O3 and MgO co‐doping system and ginger extract with HA increases the osteoblast viability up to ∼1.4 times at day 11. The co‐doping does not adversely affect the release of ginger extract from the graft surface in the biological medium at pH 7.4 for up to 28 days. Assessment of antibacterial efficacy according to the modified ISO 22196: 2011 standard method indicates that the combined effects of Fe2O3, MgO, and ginger extract lead to ∼82% more bacterial cell reduction, compared to the control HA against Staphylococcus aureus. These ginger extract‐loaded artificial bone grafts with enhanced biological properties may be utilized as an on‐site delivery vehicle for various bone–tissue engineering applications.
In search of generality: Revised distribution data and regionalization of Cerrado endemic tetrapods
Authors: Vieira‐Alencar João Paulo Santos , Carmignotto Ana Paula , Sawaya Ricardo Jannini , Silveira Luís Fábio , Valdujo Paula Hanna , de Campos Nogueira Cristiano 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo search for a general regionalization pattern using verified records of endemic terrestrial vertebrates. To test previous hypotheses of congruent distribution patterns for Cerrado biotas. To study the role of elevation as a driver of endemism and distribution in the Cerrado region.LocationCerrado domain, central South America.TaxonTetrapoda.MethodsWe used a species occurrence matrix to implement a biotic element (BE) analysis to test for non‐random spatial congruence of raw distributions of Cerrado endemic amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. We implemented a Kruskal–Wallis test on elevational records to classify species as occurring predominantly in plateaus or depressions, and to classify all delimited BEs in such categories.ResultsWe compiled and revised 13,800 unique distribution records of 340 Cerrado endemic tetrapods and detected a significant, non‐random co‐distribution pattern formed by 29 BEscomprising 182 species, corroborating the first general prediction of the vicariant model. Most BEs were composed of at least three vertebrate groups, reflecting general tetrapod endemism patterns. Congeneric species were segregated among different BEs, corroborating the second prediction of the vicariant model. Our regionalization scheme was broadly congruent with previous results and revealed three previously undetected areas. Most (89%) partial or restricted BEs are clearly segregated in elevation, and we recognized 14 ‘Plateau units’ and 12 ‘Depression units’.Main ConclusionsOur results support an emergent consensual biotic regionalization pattern in the Cerrado. We also revealed three novel regions and complex biogeographical patterns. The clear altitudinal segregation among BEs validates previous hypotheses on the role of geomorphological changes in shaping Cerrado and Neotropical endemism patterns. Our recovered units should serve as a template for the description of new taxa, for delimiting poorly studied ranges, and for guiding urgent conservation action in the richest and most imperilled tropical savanna in the globe.
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate accumulation leads to podocyte pyroptosis in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Zhang Zongwei , Hu Hongtu , Luo Qiang , Yang Keju , Zou Zhengping , Shi Ming , Liang Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) can lead to accumulation of glucose upstream metabolites due to dysfunctional glycolysis. But the effects of accumulated glycolysis metabolites on podocytes in DKD remain unknown. The present study examined the effect of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) on high glucose induced podocyte pyroptosis. By metabolomics, levels of DHAP, GAP, glucose‐6‐phosphate and fructose 1, 6‐bisphosphate were significantly increased in glomeruli of db/db mice. Furthermore, the expression of LDHA and PKM2 were decreased. mRNA sequencing showed upregulation of pyroptosis‐related genes (Nlrp3, Casp1, etc.). Targeted metabolomics demonstrated higher level of DHAP in HG‐treated podocytes. In vitro, ALDOB expression in HG‐treated podocytes was significantly increased. siALDOB‐transfected podocytes showed less DHAP level, mTORC1 activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and pyroptosis, while overexpression of ALDOB had opposite effects. Furthermore, GAP had no effect on mTORC1 activation, and mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin alleviated ROS production and pyroptosis in HG‐stimulated podocytes. Our findings demonstrate that DHAP represents a critical metabolic product for pyroptosis in HG‐stimulated podocytes through regulation of mTORC1 pathway. In addition, the results provide evidence that podocyte injury in DKD may be treated by reducing DHAP.
A case of type 2 diabetes mellitus with weight gain and worsening of glycemic management after tezepelumab administration for severe bronchial asthma
Authors: Umamoto Kotaro , Bouchi Ryotaro , Ihana‐Sugiyama Noriko , Kodani Noriko , Ohsugi Mitsuru , Hojo Masayuki , Ueki Kohjiro , Kajio Hiroshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSome cases of bronchial asthma are refractory to conventional therapies. As the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma has been clarified, new treatments, such as bronchial thermoplasty and biological drugs, have been developed. Tezepelumab, an anti‐thymic stromal lymphopoietin antibody, has been reported to inhibit the exacerbation of severe asthma; however, its adverse effects on glucose metabolism have not yet been reported. We encountered a case of weight gain and worsening glycemic management in a patient with type 2 diabetes and refractory bronchial asthma after the initiation of tezepelumab treatment. It has been reported that the overexpression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in mice resulted in an enhanced release of free fatty acids from adipose tissues and the liver; thus, the administration of anti‐thymic stromal lymphopoietin antibodies in the present case might have caused obesity, fatty liver and lower glucose tolerance.
Early intervention and disease modification in atopic dermatitis—the current state of the field and barriers to progress
Authors: Jacobson M. E. , Seshadri R. S. , Morimoto R. , Grinich E. , Haag C. , Nguyen K. , Simpson E. L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease representing a major source of global disability burden. Disease‐modifying therapies are showing promise in chronic inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease with method and timing of initial treatment impacting long‐term disease outcomes. Whether disease‐modifying therapies, specifically those used as an early interventional approach, impacts disease course and comorbidity development in AD is not well‐understood. We reviewed the progress in disease modification strategies, emphasizing early intervention approaches in common (or proto‐typical) inflammatory diseases. Although more common in other fields, disease modification approaches are becoming increasingly investigated in dermatology, though studies in AD are lacking. Despite significant limitations in ongoing and completed studies, early data are promising and suggest that both the choice and timing of early intervention approach can affect long‐term disease course and comorbidity development. To best improve AD patient outcomes, more research is needed to further explore the impact of early disease‐modifying therapies. Future studies should focus on identifying the most effective approaches and extend the early results to a more inclusive set of comorbidities and longer‐term outcomes.
Network meta‐analysis can inform the ethical evaluation of trials that randomise away from standard of care: The case of symptomatic carotid stenosis
Authors: Lun Ronda , Zitikyte Gabriele , Yogendrakumar Vignan , Bereznyakova Olena , Dewar Brian , Dowlatshahi Dar , Fahed Robert , Shamy Michel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveLittle guidance exists on the conduct of randomised clinical trials (RCT) that seek to randomise patients away from standard of care. We sought to test the technique of network meta‐analysis (NMA) to ascertain best available evidence for the purposes of informing the ethical evaluation of RCTs under these circumstances. We used the example of RCTs for patients with symptomatic, moderate to severe carotid stenosis that seek to compare surgical intervention plus medical therapy (standard of care) versus medical therapy (less than standard of care).Study Design and SettingNetwork meta‐analysis of RCTs of adults with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis of 50%–99% who were treated with carotid endarterectomy (CEA), carotid artery stenting (CAS), or medical therapy (MT). The primary outcome was any stroke or death until end of follow‐up, and secondary outcome was 30‐day risk of ipsilateral stroke/death.ResultsWe analysed eight studies, with 7187 subjects with symptomatic moderate/severe stenosis (50%–99%). CEA was more efficacious than MT (HR = 0.82, 95% credible intervals [95% CrI] = 0.73–0.92) and CAS (HR 0.73, 95% CrI = 0.62–0.85) for the prevention of any stroke/death. At 30 days, the odds of experiencing an ipsilateral stroke/death were significantly lower in the CEA group compared to both MT (OR = 0.58, 95% CrI = 0.47–0.72) and CAS (OR = 0.68, 95% CrI = 0.55–0.83).ConclusionOur results support the feasibility of using NMA to assess best available evidence to inform the ethical evaluation of RCTs seeking to randomise patients away from standard of care. Our results suggest that a strong argument is required to ethically justify the conduct of RCTs that seek to randomise patients away from standard of care in the setting of symptomatic moderate to severe carotid stenosis.
Circ ubiquitin‐like‐containing plant homeodomain and RING finger domains protein 1 increases the stability of G9a and ubiquitin‐like‐containing plant homeodomain and RING finger domains protein 1 messenger RNA through recruiting eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A3, transcriptionally inhibiting PDZ and homeobox protein domain protein 1, and promotes the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Xin , Zhou Li‐Zhi , Feng Wan‐Jiang , Liu Yu‐Qing , Chen Mi , Tang Lan‐Yan , Gan Ze‐Ying , Zhang Pan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimCircular ubiquitin‐like, containing PHD and ring finger domains 1 (circUHRF1) is aberrantly upregulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure. The present study aimed at elucidating the interactive function of circUHRF1–G9a–ubiquitin‐like, containing PHD and ring finger domains 1 (UHRF1) mRNA–eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A3 (EIF4A3)–PDZ and LIM domain 1 (PDLIM1) network in HCC.MethodsExpression of circUHRF1, mRNAs of G9a, UHRF1, PDLIM1, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related proteins, and Hippo–Yap pathway components was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q‐PCR), immunofluorescence, or Western blot analysis. Tumorigenic and metastatic capacities of HCC cells were examined by cellular assays including Cell Counting Kit‐8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Molecular interactions between EIF4A3 and UHRF1 mRNA were detected by RNA pull‐down experiment. Complex formation between UHRF1 and PDLIM1 promoter was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Co‐immunoprecipitation was performed to examine the binding between UHRF1 and G9a.ResultsCircular ubiquitin‐like, containing PHD and ring finger domains 1, G9a, and UHRF1 were upregulated, while PDLIM1 was downregulated in HCC tissue samples and cell lines. Cellular silencing of circUHRF1 repressed HCC proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT. G9a formed a complex with UHRF1 and inhibited PDLIM1 transcription.ConclusionEukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A3 regulated circUHRF1 expression by binding to UHRF1 mRNA promoter. circUHRF1 increased the stability of G9a and UHRF1 mRNAs through recruiting EIF4A3. Overexpression of circUHRF1 aggravated HCC progression through Hippo–Yap pathway and PDLIM1 inhibition. By elucidating the molecular function of circUHRF1–G9a–UHRF1 mRNA–EIF4A3–PDLIM1 network, our data shed light on the HCC pathogenesis and suggest a novel therapeutic strategy for future HCC treatment.
Increased glucose metabolism and impaired glutamate transport in human astrocytes are potential early triggers of abnormal extracellular glutamate accumulation in hiPSC‐derived models of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Salcedo Claudia , Pozo Garcia Victoria , García‐Adán Bernat , Ameen Aishat O. , Gegelashvili Georgi , Waagepetersen Helle S. , Freude Kristine K. , Aldana Blanca I. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlutamate recycling between neurons and astrocytes is essential to maintain neurotransmitter homeostasis. Disturbances in glutamate homeostasis, resulting in excitotoxicity and neuronal death, have been described as a potential mechanism in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. However, glutamate neurotransmitter metabolism in different human brain cells, particularly astrocytes, has been poorly investigated at the early stages of AD. We sought to investigate glucose and glutamate metabolism in AD by employing human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived astrocytes and neurons carrying mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) or presenilin‐1 (PSEN‐1) gene as found in familial types of AD (fAD). Methods such as live‐cell bioenergetics and metabolic mapping using [13C]‐enriched substrates were used to examine metabolism in the early stages of AD. Our results revealed greater glycolysis and glucose oxidative metabolism in astrocytes and neurons with APP or PSEN‐1 mutations, accompanied by an elevated glutamate synthesis compared to control WT cells. Astrocytes with APP or PSEN‐1 mutations exhibited reduced expression of the excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2), and glutamine uptake increased in mutated neurons, with enhanced glutamate release specifically in neurons with a PSEN‐1 mutation. These results demonstrate a hypermetabolic phenotype in astrocytes with fAD mutations possibly linked to toxic glutamate accumulation. Our findings further identify metabolic imbalances that may occur in the early phases of AD pathophysiology.image
Understanding the experience of stigma in care homes: A qualitative case study in northeast Thailand
Authors: Tosangwarn Suhathai , Clissett Philip , Blake Holly 
Published: December 2023

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?

Stigma associated with care homes has been found to influence residents' lives, and it is a known risk factor for depression among older adults worldwide.

Older residents in Asia and particularly, in Thai care homes commonly experience stigma due to being strongly influenced by a traditional cultural paradigm of filial piety.

The understanding of how residents perceive and experience the stigma associated with residing in care homes, as well as its link to the development of depression, remains very limited.

What does the paper add to existing knowledge?

This research explains the dynamics of the process of the stigma associated with living care homes among Thai older residents.

This research highlights the various ways in which stigma impacts residents, their families and care home staff.

This study identifies mitigating stigma factors, including social support, coping strategies (karma, mindfulness and religious devotions) and activities that may mitigate perceived stigma associated with care home residency.

What are the implications for practice?

There is a compelling need to improve the well‐being of older people living in care homes and to combat the cultural stigma associated with living in care homes through promoting positive attitudes and educational interventions in society, communities and care homes themselves and involving residents' families in the planning and delivery of care for residents. We advocate that the government promotes security and sustainable life for all Thai older adults.

AbstractIntroductionStigma associated with living in care homes is a known risk factor for depression among care home residents in Asia, including Thailand. However, little is understood about how such stigma is experienced among residents and care home staff.AimsTo examine older adults' perceptions of stigma and to understand how stigma associated with living in care homes causes or exacerbates depressive symptoms.MethodsA qualitative case study approach was used to gain an in‐depth view of stigma, from two public care homes in northeast Thailand. Data were collected by in‐depth interviews with 50 participants (30 older residents and 20 care home staff), and non‐participant observation was conducted over 1 month. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.ResultsThe study identified three major themes of stigma, comprising the causes of stigma, reactions toward stigma, and mitigating factors.DiscussionNegative beliefs about care homes and residents, contribute to stigma. Residents exhibited negative emotions and behaviours, including depressive symptoms. Residents reported using particular coping strategies that helped them cope with their perceptions of stigma.Implications for PracticeFuture research should focus on strategies or research to combat stigma in order to prevent depression and reduce perceptions of stigma.
Evaluation of dietary methionine sources on growth performance and antioxidant potential of gilthead seabream juveniles reared at high water temperature
Authors: Vieira Lúcia , Magalhães Rui , Martins Nicole , Fontinha Filipa , Castro Carolina , Peres Helena , Mercier Yves , Mahmood Tahir , Nuez‐Ortín Waldo G. , Oliva‐Teles Aires 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMethionine (Met) is one of the most limiting essential amino acids in aquafeeds, and different commercial feed‐grade Met sources are available for diet supplementation, namely L‐Met, DL‐Met, and hydroxy‐Met (OH‐Met). In this work, we compared the bioefficacy of OH‐Met and DL‐Met as diet supplements for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles reared at normal (22°C) and high (29°C) water temperatures. Two isoproteic (50%) and isolipidic (20%) practical diets (24% fish meal; 6% fish oil) were formulated to contain 1% Met and were supplemented with 0.2% DL‐Met (diet DL‐Met) or OH‐Met (diet OH‐Met). The diets were fed to triplicate groups of fish with an initial body weight of 13 g for 78 days. Growth performance and N retention (%) were higher at 29°C. However, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and hepatic and visceral indexes were higher at 22°C. Hepatic oxidative stress indicators were not affected by dietary Met source. In the muscle, however, oxidative stress index and lipid peroxidation were lower in fish fed the OH‐Met diets. Overall, DL‐Met and OH‐Met proved to be similarly effective as dietary methionine sources for gilthead seabream, while OH‐Met seemed to be more effective in reducing oxidative stress in fish reared at high temperatures.
Neodymium‐142 deficits and samarium neutron stratigraphy of C‐type asteroid (162173) Ryugu
Authors: Torrano Zachary A. , Jordan Michelle K. , Mock Timothy D. , Carlson Richard W. , Gautam Ikshu , Haba Makiko K. , Yokoyama Tetsuya , Abe Yoshinari , Aléon Jérôme , Alexander Conel , Amari Sachiko , Amelin Yuri , Bajo Ken‐ichi , Bizzarro Martin , Bouvier Audrey , Chaussidon Marc , Choi Byeon‐Gak , Dauphas Nicolas , Davis Andrew M. , Di Rocco Tommaso , Fujiya Wataru , Fukai Ryota , Hibiya Yuki , Hidaka Hiroshi , Homma Hisashi , Hoppe Peter , Huss Gary R. , Ichida Kiyohiro , Iizuka Tsuyoshi , Ireland Trevor , Ishikawa Akira , Itoh Shoichi , Kawasaki Noriyuki , Kita Noriko T. , Kitajima Koki , Kleine Thorsten , Komatani Shintaro , Krot Alexander N. , Liu Ming‐Chang , Masuda Yuki , McKeegan Kevin D. , Morita Mayu , Motomura Kazuko , Moynier Frédéric , Nakai Izumi , Nagashima Kazuhide , Nguyen Ann , Nittler Larry , Onose Morihiko , Pack Andreas , Park Changkun , Piani Laurette , Qin Liping , Russell Sara , Sakamoto Naoya , Schönbächler Maria , Tafla Lauren , Tang Haolan , Terada Kentaro , Terada Yasuko , Usui Tomohiro , Wada Sohei , Wadhwa Meenakshi , Walker Richard J. , Yamashita Katsuyuki , Yin Qing‐Zhu , Yoneda Shigekazu , Young Edward D. , Yui Hiroharu , Zhang Ai‐Cheng , Nakamura Tomoki , Naraoka Hiroshi , Noguchi Takaaki , Okazaki Ryuji , Sakamoto Kanako , Yabuta Hikaru , Abe Masanao , Miyazaki Akiko , Nakato Aiko , Nishimura Masahiro , Okada Tatsuaki , Yada Toru , Yogata Kasumi , Nakazawa Satoru , Saiki Takanao , Tanaka Satoshi , Terui Fuyuto , Tsuda Yuichi , Watanabe Sei‐ichiro , Yoshikawa Makoto , Tachibana Shogo , Yurimoto Hisayoshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report Nd and Sm isotopic compositions of four samples of Ryugu returned by the Hayabusa2 mission, including “A” (first touchdown) and “C” (second touchdown) samples, and several carbonaceous chondrites to evaluate potential genetic relationships between Ryugu and known chondrite groups and track the cosmic ray exposure history of Ryugu. We resolved Nd and Sm isotopic anomalies in small (<20 ng Nd and Sm) sample sizes via thermal ionization mass spectrometer using 1013 Ω amplifiers. Ryugu samples exhibit resolvable negative μ142Nd values consistent with carbonaceous chondrite values, suggesting that Ryugu is related to the parent bodies of carbonaceous chondrites. Ryugu's negative μ149Sm values are the result of exposure to galactic cosmic rays, as demonstrated by the correlation between 150Sm/152Sm and 149Sm/152Sm ratios that fall along the expected neutron capture correlation line. The neutron fluence calculated in the “A” samples (2.75 ± 1.94 × 1015 n cm−2) is slightly higher compared to the “C” samples (0.95 ± 2.04 × 1015 n cm−2), though overlapping within measurement uncertainty. The Sm results for Ryugu, at this level of precision, thus are consistent with a well‐mixed surface layer at least to the depths from which the “A” and “C” samples derive.