bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence and satisfaction of rheumatoid arthritis patients with a long‐term intensive dynamic exercise program (RAPIT program)
Authors: Munneke Marten , de Jong Zuzana , Zwinderman Aeilko H. , Jansen Annemarie , Ronday H. Karel , Peter Wilfred F. H. , Boonman Dies C. G. , van den Ende Cornelia H. M. , Vlieland Theodora P. M. Vliet , Hazes Johanna M. W. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate adherence and satisfaction of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a long‐term intensive dynamic exercise program.MethodsA total of 146 RA patients started an intensive (strength and endurance training for 75 minutes, twice a week, for 2 years) exercise program (Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients In Training) aimed at improving physical fitness. Program attendance and satisfaction were examined. Additional assessments at baseline were done to find possible predictors of attendance.ResultsMedian (interquartile range) age and disease duration of the patients were 54 (45–61) and 5 (3–10) years, respectively. After 2 years, 118 (81%) patients still participated in an exercise class. The median attendance rate of all patients was 74%. Low attendance was weakly associated with high disease activity, low functional ability, and low quality of life at baseline but not with the severity of joint damage at baseline. At the end, 78% of all participants would (strongly) recommend the program to other RA patients.ConclusionAdherence and satisfaction of RA patients with an intensive dynamic exercise program over a prolonged time can be high. Disease severity parameters do not strongly predict the compliance of participants in an intensive exercise program.
The Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on Allylic Alkylation and Isomerization Reactions in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Ross James , Xiao Jianliang 
Published: October 2003

AbstractNeutral allylic alkylation reactions, in which a base is generated in situ and which hence require no external bases, can significantly be retarded when carried out in the ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF4]). Evidence suggests that the base or base precursor enters into hydrogen bonding with the imidazolium cation and is thus made less readily available for deprotonation of pre‐nucleophiles. However, the reaction proceeds well in the presence of stronger bases that are capable of deprotonation. Whilst the phenomenon of hydrogen bonding in ionic liquids can be detrimental to reactions such as allylic alkylation, it can be exploited to suppress unwanted allylic isomerization.
Equation of state and electrical conductivity of strongly correlated aluminum and copper plasmas
Authors: Clérouin J. , Renaudin P. , Recoules V. , Noiret P. , Desjarlais M. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractTheoretical isochore equation of state and electrical conductivity of hot expanded plasmas of aluminum (ρ = 0.3 g/cm3) and copper (ρ = 0.5 g/cm3) are presented for temperatures 5 000 < T < 30 000 K. Our calculations are carried out in the framework of density functional theory and the local density approximation. Ionic configurations and equation of state are determined by quantum molecular dynamics simulations, from which the conductivity was computed using the Kubo‐Greenwood formula [1, 2]. Theoretical calculations are compared with experimental results obtained in an isochoric plasma closed‐vessel designed to confine electrical plasma discharges up to 1.5 GPa [3]. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ground state and structural transitions in mesoscopic electron hole bilayers
Authors: Ludwig P. , Filinov A.V. , Bonitz M. , Lozovik Yu.E. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractFew‐particle clusters of spatially separated electrons and holes in vertically coupled two‐dimensional quantum dots are analyzed. As a function of interdot distance d, the inlayer interaction between electrons (and holes) changes from Coulomb repulsion at large d to dipole repulsion of e‐h pairs at small d. The change of the structural properties (cluster shell configuration and symmetry) and energy with variation of d is investigated. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Temperature‐dependent pseudopotential between two pointlike electrical charges
Authors: Gombert M.‐M. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe pair distribution functions for particles electrically charged, at a temperature T, expressed in terms of density matrices and the corresponding pseudopotentials are studied. For an electron pair, the symmetry of the wave functions is taken into account. Exact expansions with respect to the separation distance and to a quantum parameter (∼ T−½) are carried out. The known results are recovered. For high temperature, accurate approximations are derived. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
On the effect of runaway electrons in dense plasma
Authors: Ramazanov T.S. , Turekhanova K.M. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe effect of runaway electrons has been studied in this work. There were derived the conditions runaway electrons, the influence of electric field on the electron velocity distribution is considered for nonideal classical plasma models. The dependence of friction force on electrons on their velocities,electron‐ion collision frequency as a function of the coupling parameter and the strength of critical electric field on particle density and temperature are determined. The results are compared with the asymptotic theory. It has been shown that for the definite density and temperature ranges the difference between critical electric field values is essential for various plasma models. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Combined activity‐virial expansions
Authors: Rogers F.J. , DeWitt H.E. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractWe describe a mixed expansion method that combines the best features of the virial and activity expansions. The mixed expansion has the important feature that it can be applied to mixtures of plasma and neutrals that involve both attractive and repulsive interactions. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Intense heavy ion beams as a tool to induce high‐energy‐density states in matter
Authors: Tahir N.A. , Deutsch C. , Fortov V.E. , Gryaznov V.C. , Hoffmann D.H.H. , Juranek H. , Lomonosov I.V. , Piriz A.R. , Redmer R. , Shutov A. , Spiller P. , Temporal M. , Udrea S. , Varentsov D. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBecause of the volume character of energy deposition of energetic ions in matter, an intense heavy ion beam is a very suitable laboratory tool to create large samples of high‐energy‐density matter. This paper shows with the help of two‐dimensional numerical simulations how such an intense heavy ion beam can be employed to achieve this goal. The beam parameters considered in this study are those of the beams that are delivered by the existing heavy ion synchrotron, SIS18 and that which will be available at the future facility SIS100, respectively at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Pycnonuclear reactions and the nature of supranuclear matter
Authors: Yakovlev D. G. , Levenfish K. P. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractWe discuss pycnonuclear burning in a strongly nonideal plasma of atomic nuclei at densities up to 1013 g cm−3. As an application, we consider pycnonuclear burning of matter accreted on a neutron star in a binary system. The energy released in this burning, while the matter sinks into the stellar crust under the weight of newly accreted material, is sufficient to warm the star. Its surface thermal radiation becomes dependent of poorly known equation of state of supranuclear matter in the stellar core, which gives a method to explore this equation of state. The results of such studies are outlined. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Evaluation by numerical analysis of magnetic shielding characteristics of bulk high‐Tc superconductor containing weak links
Authors: Fukuoka Katsuhiro , Hashimoto Mitsuo , Tomita Masaru , Murakami Masato 
Published: October 2003

AbstractHigh‐Tc superconductors (HTS), which have the characteristics of critical current density over 3 × 104 A/cm2 at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) and 1 T, can be produced. Thus, they are promising for many practical applications such as a magnetic bearing, magnetic levitation, flywheel, and magnetic shielding. Since the HTS characteristics are not homogeneous in some specimens due to grain boundaries and cracks, the distribution of magnetic characteristics should be assessed. Thus, we have measured the distribution of the magnetic flux density on the surface of the HTS using a Hall element, and have evaluated its magnetic characteristics. The measurement of magnetic characteristics using a Hall element is difficult regarding the distribution of the magnetic flux density on the actual surface and inside of the HTS sample. In this research, we conducted a quantitative evaluation of the magnetic shielding characteristics of the HTS including weak links under a static magnetic field with the three‐dimensional finite element method analysis. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(1): 9–17, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10209
Spectroelectrochemical Measurements at Colloidal Au Multilayer Optically Transparent Electrodes
Authors: Richardson John N. , Osisek Andrea J. , Dyer Aubrey L. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractApplication of thin colloidal Au multilayers on glass substrates as optically transparent electrodes is reported herein. Evaluation of the electrode by scanning electron microscopy and as an optically transparent thin layer electrode (OTTLE) illustrate its use for spectroelectrochemical applications. A spectroelectrochemical Nernst plot acquired for the oxidation of o‐tolidine yielded a value of E°=0.605 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and n=1.88. Both of these values are in excellent agreement with previously published values obtained using a traditional Au minigrid OTTLE. The colloidal Au multilayer electrode is expected to offer many advantages over the minigrid OTTLE in specific applications. These advantages include direct control over microscopic surface topography, large electrochemical surface area, applicability to many different electrode geometries, and increased microscopic surface roughness for SERS and SPR applications.
A New Evaluation Method for 2‐D Fluorescence Spectra Based on Theoretical Modeling
Authors: Geissler D. , Solle D. , Stärk E. , Scheper T. , Märkl H. , Hitzmann B. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThis article presents a new evaluation procedure of 2‐D fluorescence spectra obtained during a yeast cultivation without performing a calibration measurement. The 2‐D fluorescence spectra are used to predict the process variables biomass, glucose and ethanol. The new calibration procedure uses a theoretical model of these process variables, i.e., differential equations, to replace any calibration measurement. The theoretical model parameters are identified simultaneously during the calculation of the chemometric models. The root mean square error of prediction of the chemometric models with respect to off‐line measurements are 1.5 g/L, 0.40 g/L and 0.56 g/L for glucose, biomass and ethanol, respectively.
Analysis of twin data ascertained through probands: The double‐entry approach
Authors: Hindsberger Charlotte , Bryld Lars Erik 
Published: October 2003

AbstractTwin pairs are sometimes included in studies because at least one of them is a proband, and conventionally the analysis of the data is based on the conditional distribution of the cotwin given the proband. In the case of more than one proband in each pair, an often used “ad hoc” method of analysis is to allow each twin to act as proband as well as cotwin. An example of this is the probandwise concordance, which is used as an estimate of the casewise concordance under incomplete ascertainment. In this paper, we show that the method of double entry under a regularity condition provides consistent estimates of parameters, but that conventional standard errors as well as a correction suggested by Stevenson et al. ([1993] J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 34:1137–1152) will be wrong. Instead, we recommend the use of an easily calculated sandwich estimator. We illustrate the method with twin data from a study of the genetic component in hand eczema. Genet Epidemiol 25:225–235, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transplantation and microsurgical anastomosis of free omental grafts: Experimental animal model of a new operative technique in dogs
Authors: Pap‐Szekeres Jozsef , Cserni Gabor , Furka Istvan , Svebis Mihaly , Cserni Tamas , Brath Endre , Nemeth Norbert , Miko Iren 
Published: October 2003

AbstractOur objective was the elaboration of a new animal model for the free transplantation of an omental flap and the examination of its viability in dogs. The cooled omental flap from the abdomen was freely transplanted to the lateral cervical region, and its blood supply was established with microsurgical anastomoses. The technique was developed in 5 dogs, and short‐term survival examinations were later carried out in 3 cases by means of this method. Postoperative viability was assessed by angiography, methylene blue testing, and histology. Of the 3 transplanted grafts, 2 still survived 1 week after the operation. For technical reasons, 1 flap thrombotized. For determination of the viability of the transplanted graft, histology proved best. Vital reactions, including granulation tissue and angiogenesis, were present on the histological slides. The short‐term survival of an omental flap can be ensured with microsurgical transplantation in dogs.A cseplesz lebeny szabad átültetésére, valamint az átültetett lebenyek életképességének vizsgálata céljából új állatkísérletes modellt dolgoztunk ki. Módszerünket 5 állaton dolgoztuk ki, majd további 3, műtött állatnál rövidtavu túlélési vizsgálatokat végeztünk. Hasüregből nyert, megfelelően előkészített és hűtött cseplesz lebenyt szabadon ültettünk át a laterális nyaki régióra. Az átültetett lebeny érellátását mik‐rosebészeti módszerrel létrehozott anasztomózisokkal biztosítottuk. Az átültetett lebenyek életképességét angiográfia, metilénkék‐festés és szövettani módszerekkel vizsgáltuk. A 3 átültetett lebeny közül 2 életképesnek bizonyult 1 héttel a műtét után, technikai ok miatt 1 lebeny trombotizált. Az életképesség igazolására a szövettani vizsgálat bizonyult a legjobbnak, melynek segítségével granulációs szövet és angiogenezis is ábrázolható volt. Cseplesz lebeny rövidtávú túlélése biztosítható mikrosebészeti módszerrel történő átültetéssel kutyán. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MICROSURGERY 23:414–418 2003
Contact optimization in polymer light‐emitting diodes
Authors: Brown T. M. , Cacialli F. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractTo fully exploit the properties of light‐emitting polymers (LEPs) in electroluminescent applications, it is of paramount importance to develop efficient electrical contacts. An ideal electrode is highly conductive, stable, provides a low barrier to carrier injection, and does not degrade the LEP upon contact. It is difficult to find a single homogeneous material that satisfies all of these requirements. Hence, contact optimization has often required the development of multilayer structures. In particular, indium tin oxide covered by a film of poly(ethylene‐dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) {ITO/PEDOT:PSS} has become a favorite combination for the transparent anode, and heterostructures of LiF and CsF with metals (Al and Ca) have proven to be efficient electron‐injecting contacts. Here we review our progress in the understanding of the operation of light‐emitting diodes incorporating such contacts, in particular by gauging the materials' energy‐level lineup via electroabsorption measurements. Among the series of LEDs investigated, using a high‐energy‐gap blue polyfuorene polymer, CsF/Ca/Al and LiF/Ca/Al electrodes lead to the best improvements in electron injection. The most promising performance for applications, where a high luminance (∼1600 cd/m2 at 5 V) is also accompanied by a high maximum efficiency (∼3 lm/W), was obtained with LiF/Ca/Al cathodes and ITO/PEDOT:PSS anodes. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 2649–2664, 2003
Spin and lattice configurationsin p‐conjugated organic ferromagnetic polymerwith open boundary condition
Authors: Zhao L. , Yao K. L. , Wang W. Z. , Tian X. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBy employing the extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger Hamiltonian including on‐site and inter‐site Coulomb repulsions, we investigate the spin and lattice configurations in π‐conjugated organic ferromagnetic polymer under the open boundary condition. The results display that for a certain on‐site Coulomb repulsion, the domain solitons in varying appearances will successively appear along the main chain with increasing of electron–phonon interaction while the spin ones come into view at the side radicals, and, moreover, the inter‐site Coulomb repulsion will exert a great influence on both kinds of solitons.
Molecular field theory analysis of Gd2Co2Al and Gd2Co2Ga compounds
Authors: Kervan S. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe molecular field theory based on two‐sublattice model was employed to analyse the temperature dependence of the magnetization of Gd2Co2Al and Gd2Co2Ga compounds. The molecular field coefficients nCoCo, nGdCo and nGdGd were obtained by a numerical fitting process. The theoretically calculated Curie temperatures were found to agree well with the experimental results. The exchange fields HCo(T) and HGd(T) were presented.
Mechanical, elastic and anharmonic properties of zinc blende MgS compound
Authors: Jha Prafulla K. , Talati Mina 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe mechanical, elastic and anharmonic properties of zinc blende MgS compound have been investigated using a three‐body force potential arising from the charge transfer effects due to the deformation of the electronic shell of overlapping ions. The agreement between the results for elastic constants and bulk modulus and the available data is generally satisfactory. Values for the zone center LO phonon frequency, Debye temperature and specific heat at constant volume have also been obtained. In the case of anharmonic properties, such as third‐order elastic constants, physically significant and systematic values have been obtained similar to other compounds of the zinc blende structure.
Thermal analysis, Raman scattering and infrared spectroscopy versus temperature of hydrogen bonds in sodium p‐nitrophenolate dihydrate (NPNa), [Na(C6H4ONO2)] · 2H2O
Authors: Salah M. Ben , Becker P. , Carabatos‐Nédelec C. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThis work deals with the hydrogen bonds in p‐nitrophenolate sodium dihydrate (NPNa). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) were performed in the temperature range 293–673 K (20–400 °C) in order to control the dehydration process and decomposition of the crystal. The energy necessary to break each type of hydrogen bond has been determined. The O…O vibration of the two hydrogen bonds, denoted O…O1 and O…O2, have been studied by Raman spectroscopy versus temperature. The O–H stretching modes of hydrogen bonds have been also identified in infrared and micro‐Raman spectra. Raman spectra functions of temperature allowed to evidence an order‐disorder transition at ca 138 K related to the molecular configuration in the lattice.
Setting domain boundaries for convergence of biological and psychological perspectives on cognitive coordination in schizophrenia
Authors: Ginsberg J. P. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe claim that the disorganized subtype of schizophrenia results from glutamate hypofunction is enhanced by consideration of current subtypology of schizophrenia, symptom definition, interdependence of neurotransmitters, and the nature of the data needed to support the hypothesis. Careful specification clarifies the clinical reality of disorganization as a feature of schizophrenia and increases the utility of the subtype.
Do metamers matter?
Authors: Hahn Martin 
Published: October 2003

AbstractMetamerism is a rather common feature of objects. The authors see it as problematic because they are concerned with a special case: metamerism in standard conditions. Such metamerism does not, however, pose a problem for color realists. There is an apparent problem in cases of metameric light sources, but to see such metamers as problematic is to fail to answer Berkeley's challenge.
Guarding against over-inclusive notions of “context”: Psycholinguistic and electrophysiological studies of specific context functions in schizophrenia
Authors: Titone Debra , Debruille J. Bruno 
Published: October 2003

AbstractPhillips & Silverstein offer an exciting synthesis of ongoing efforts to link the clinical and cognitive manifestations of schizophrenia with cellular accounts of its pathophysiology. We applaud their efforts but wonder whether the highly inclusive notion of “context” adequately captures some important details regarding schizophrenia and NMDA/glutamate function that are suggested by work on language processing and cognitive electrophysiology.
Preservation of Femoral Head Blood Circulation with Lovastatin in Steroid Treated Rabbits
Authors: Atsumi Takashi , Shen Wun-Jer , Wang Gwo-Jaw 
Published: October 2003

To better understand the etiology of steroid-induced osteonecrosis, microangiographs of the femur were made in rabbits receiving either methylprednisolone alone or methylprednisolone plus the lipid clearing agent, lovastatin. Administration of steroid caused a rapid elevation in serum cholesterol. Changes in the vascularity of the femur were evident by three weeks, particularly in the femoral head and neck region. A staging system was developed based on changes in the microangiographic pattern. All rabbits showed progressive deterioration; co-administration of lovastatin delayed the loss of vascularity for a limited period of time. Clinical relevance: Lipid clearing agents may delay the onset of osteonecrosis in patients receiving steroids.
Trends in Survival Rates After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Acute and Chronic Leukemia by Ethnicity in the United States and Canada
Authors: Serna Derek S. , Lee Stephanie J. , Zhang Mei-jie , Baker K. Scott , Eapen Mary , Horowitz Mary M. , Klein John P. , Rizzo J. Douglas , Loberiza Fausto R. 
Published: October 2003

Purpose: Differences in survival among ethnic groups in the United States are reported in numerous diseases and treatment strategies. Whether survival after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) differs by ethnicity is uncertain. Patients and Methods: Patients (n = 6,443) receiving HLA-identical sibling HSCT for acute or chronic leukemia in the United States or Canada between 1985 and 1999 and reported to the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry were included. The survival of recipients reported as white, black, Hispanic, or Asian was compared using Cox proportional hazards regression adjusting for other clinical factors. Three 5-year periods were studied to evaluate changes over time. Results: Hispanics compared with whites had lower 1-year (53% v 65%; P < .001) and 3-year adjusted survival rates (38% v 53%; P < .001) between 1995 and 1999, the most recent period studied. We failed to find significant differences in survival rates comparing whites with blacks or with Asians in any of the time periods. Overall survival for the entire cohort improved over time, from 56% to 63% at 1 year and from 43% to 51% at 3 years, with greater improvements noted among blacks (45% to 61% at 1 year and 34% to 48% at 3 years). Conclusion: Disparities remain in survival rates between whites and Hispanics despite adjustment for clinical factors. Factors not accounted for in this analysis, such as comorbid disease, socioeconomic status, healthcare access and delivery, and psychosocial and cultural variables, require further prospective study.