bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phantasmagoria and the Metaphorics of Modern Reverie
Authors: Castle Terry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What does it mean to speak of phantasmagoria? In his French & volution Thomas Carlyle, we find, obsessively figures the bloody spectacle of civil insurrection as a kind of spectral drama-a nightmarish magic-lantern show playing on without respite in the feverish, ghostly confines of the “Historical Imagination.” Witness, for example, his description of the storming of the Bastille, as seen through the eyes of the Jacobin leader Thuriot: “But outwards, behold, 0 Thuriot, how the multitude flows on, welling through every street: tocsin furiously pealing, all drums beating the genera: the Suburb Saint Antoine rolling hitherward wholly, as one man! Such vision (spectral yet real) thou, 0 Thuriot, as from thy Mount of Vision, beholdest in this moment: prophetic of what other Phantasmagories, and loud-gibbering Spectral Realities, which thou yet beholdest not, but shalt!”1 The same phantasmic imagery occurs again in the account of the September massacres.
Problems from Kant
Authors: Van Cleve James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this work, James Van Cleve examines the main topics from Kant's Critique of Pure Reason. Among the topics discussed in detail are Kant's transcendental idealism, necessity and analyticity, space and time, substance and cause, noumena and things-in-themselves, problems of the self, and rational theology. In a concluding chapter, Van Cleve relates Kant's thought to modern anti-realist approaches, in particular, the work of Putnam and Dummett. The work's orientation toward specific problems, rather than toward entire passages or sections of the text, allows the study to proceed in a natural and non-mechanical fashion that should make Kant's Critique more accessible to the serious student and scholar.
Neuronal Organization of Circadian Systems
Authors: Fleissner Gerta , Fleissner Gunther 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Circadian clock systems are composed of a central pacemaker, or master clock, that generates the subjective) time of the organism. In animals this master clock is located in the central nervous system. The endoge nous timing signal is conducted via nervous or hormonal pathvays to the periphery, where the central reference time is imprinted on different effector systems-for example, leading to circadian modulation of visual sensitivity, locomotor activity, blood pressure, and enzymatic activity. These rhythms may be “phase modulated” in different ways to enable the organism to adjust its sleep and activity to the most appropriate time of clay.
Old Possum and Brer Rabbit: Pound and Eliot’s Racial Masquerade
Authors: North Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Ezra Pound first tagged T. S. Eliot with the nickname Possum, he no doubt meant to mock his friend’s caution and reserve, but he also used the name, which he had found in Joel Chandler Harris’s Uncle Remus, to turn Eliot’s timidity into a subversive mask. In acting out his nickname, Eliot was to mimic what Alain Locke once called the ‘“possum play’ of the Negro peasant,” to use the traditional strategy of the powerless, assuming a bland conformity that conceals an explosive charge, and in so doing become a milder, subtler version of the trickster from whom Pound had taken his own nickname, Brer Rabbit. Thus Pound used a strategy from the popular literature of his youth to create a mask for transatlantic modernism, behind which he and Eliot might mock the literary capital they hoped to conquer. Eliot accepted his nickname and, at least for a time, the insurrectionary role it implied, and he even introduced his own variations, offering at one point to play Uncle Tom to Pound’s Little Eva, at another point sending a postcard to Pound signed Tar Baby.
Practical Guilt
Authors: Greenspan P S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Greenspan argues that dilemmas may be regarded as possible consequences of a set of social rules designed to be simple enough to be teachable. Where these rules prohibit action either way, the problematic motivational force of dilemmas can be explained by reference to the role of emotion as a second-best substitute for action. Since, on the proposed account, emotions underpin the teachings of moral language, Greenspan shows how emotional capacities can affect the very content of morality by providing its motivational force.
Research involving women And members of minority groups
Authors: Brody Baruch A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In earlier chapters, we encountered a number of problems relating to the involvement of women in clinical research, but left them for later discussion. In discussing research on fetuses in utero in Chapter Five, we analyzed the ethical issues posed by research protocols involving pregnant women devoted to studying issues of fetal health. This left for later discussion the ethical issues posed by research protocols involving pregnant women devoted to studying their health issues. In Chapters Six and Seven, we identified as a crucial issue of justice in research the appropriate inclusion of various groups in clinical research so that they may share in the benefits as well as the burdens of research. That led us in Chapter Six to an extensive discussion of the need to include children and the mentally infirm in clinical research; left out were the ethical issues posed by the need to include women, whether they are or are not of childbearing potential, in clinical research. Finally, in our discussion in Chapter Eight of the ethical issues related to choosing research subjects in trials designed to secure regulatory approval for the use of new drugs/devices, we identified and evaluated from an ethical perspective two approaches to the inclusion of pediatric and geriatric subjects, the extrapolation approach and the starting with pediatric and geriatric subjects approach. We left for later discussion the ethical evaluation of the analogous approaches as they apply to women.
Introduction: The Philosophical Culture
Authors: Nagel Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
These essays were all written on request, so they don’t discuss all and only the philosophers I am most interested in, but the topics are those that have always occupied me: subjectivity and consciousness, objectivity and ethics, liberalism and reason. Even though there isn’t much about some parts of the philosophical mainstream—language, logic, general metaphysics—it all belongs to the common universe of argument that defines analytic philosophy: these subjects and the methods used in treating them cannot be isolated from one another. I’ve revised most of the pieces slightly for inclusion in this book and have in some cases added afterthoughts, particularly for the earlier ones. But I’ve included only things that I still think are mostly right, even after a couple of decades. My basic sympathies and antipathies—antireductionist and more c:r less realist—haven’t changed much.
Armstrong on the Mind
Authors: Nagel Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Much of the recent materialist literature has defended a materialism of common sense: the view that identification of the mental and the physical requires no adjustment or alteration of our plain psychological concepts. It is held that materialism is not paradoxical and does not require us to abandon the ordinary conception of man. Armstrong’s weighty, lucid, and readable book carries the defense of this position considerably further than it has been taken before. It does this partly by improving and clarifying arguments that have already appeared elsewhere; partly by a number of original moves, some of them extremely penetrating; and partly by sheer bulk. I believe that the resulting philosophy of mind has certain defects inherent in the attempt to portray materialism as an undiscurbing doctrine. But let me outline the position before embarking on criticism.
The Bi Band, 1946-50
Authors: Shipton Alyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Back from the West Coast and in New York once again, Dizzy’s medium-term objective was to try to form another big band and have a second attempt to transfer the new music to a bigger ensemble. First of all, however, he started work again with his sextet. The Three Deuces job was open for him to return to, but he chose instead to move to a relatively new venue called the Spotlite, a few doors away along 52nd Street.
Rubicon
Authors: Jackson John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bob Marcucci and Peter De Angelis had a proven hit maker in Frankie Avalon, but they had yet to break Fabian. De Angelishad his doubts that they ever would. “For some strange reason Pete and I weren’t able to write songs for him,“ said Marcucci. “We weren’t capable of giving him the kind of songs that he needed.“ So he and DeAngelis enlisted the services of the crack songwriting team of Doc Pomus and Mort Shuman, who penned a tune called “I’m a Man“ (not the Bo Diddley song of the same title) for Fabian’s third release. Marcucci arranged for Fabian to introduce the song on American Bandstand in December 1958, and “I’m A Man’’ hit Billboard’s Hot 100 several weeks later. With a hit record to his credit, the crowds of swooning teenage girls surrounding Fabian grew even wilder.
Clarkola
Authors: Jackson John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dick Clark’s fate, as well as the future of American Bandstand,hinged on the outcome of the House subcommittee’s payola investigation. ABC’s initial contract with Triangle Publications for the delivery of American Bandstand stipulated that if, “for any reason whatsoever, [Clark] no longer serves as Master of Ceremonies of the said programs, we [ABC] shall have the right to terminate this agreement forthwith.“1 Because of that contractual right, any proof the House subcommittee could provide of Clark’s favoritism in programming records in which he held a financial interest would most likely kill the show. To clarify the point, Leonard Goldenson maintained that such verification would be grounds for Clark’s removal from American Bandstand.
From Chubby Checker to the Beatles
Authors: Jackson John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As the 1960s dawned and the payola scandal faded into history,American Bandstand did not miss a beat. Nor did Dick Clark, for whom the good times rolled once again. But although the influence of Bandstand was about to reach worldwide proportions, its role as a shaper of pop culture through its music and performers, as well as by the dancing that the music inspired, could not continue indefinitely. In fact, not long after Clarks afternoon dance show reached its zenith, events beyond his control began to come into play that caused it to fall from its pinnacle. But not before Clark and American Bandstand affected the entire globe.
Introduction: General Aspects of Computer Simulation Techniques and Their Applications in Polymer Physics
Authors: Binder Kurt 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In recent years computer simulation has become a major tool in polymer science, complementing both analytical theory and experiment. This interest is due both to the many fundamental scientific questions that polymer systems pose and to the technological importance of polymeric materials. At the same time, computer simulation of polymers meets stringent difficulties, and despite huge progress (as documented in previous reviews1-7) many problems are still either completely unsolved or under current study. In the following pages these difficulties are briefly discussed.
Computer Simulations of Tethered Chains
Authors: Grest Gary S , Murat Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The study of tethered polymer chains1 is an area which has received increasing attention in recent years. These are systems in which one or both ends of the chain are constrained in their motion because they are attached to a ddimensional surface. This surface could be a point or small central core (d = 0) as in the case of a many-arm star polymer, a line (d = 1) as in the case of a comb polymer, or a flat surface (d = 2) as in the case of a polymer brush. Polymers attached to themselves to form a polymer network or a tethered membrane are also examples of tethered chain systems.
Beyond Glossing: The Old Made New in Mout me fu grief/Robin m’ aime/Portare
Authors: Pesce Dolores 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Discussions of the thirteenth-century motet have emphasized the presence of preexistent materials, most notably a chant segment in the tenor, and refrains, both textual and musical, in the upper voices. With few exceptions, the discussions stop short of explaining how these preexistent materials interact with newly composed ones. One is usually left with an impression that the chant is an immutable guiding foundation above which other voices are added, and that preexistent refrains tend to be merely incorporated within or grafted onto otherwise new material. With regard to the first point, I have recently presented findings that tenor pitch organization usually, but not always, guides a motet’s overall pitch organization: interactions among the three voices can create new tonal emphases. Ardis Butterfield has begun a reevaluation of the second point, suggesting that motet composers engaged in a fluid process of combining and recombining musical refrain units to the point where a distinction between preexistent and original cannot always be maintained. She views this as a kind of creative play on the part of the composer.
The Social Construction and Reconstruction of Care
Authors: Moody-Adams Michele M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On a recent anniversary of the 1973 decision in Roe v. Wade, a fundamentalist Christian church in a small Midwestern city displayed the following message: “Thinking abortion? First visit our pastor. He cares.” This message suggests a good deal of the ambiguity in contemporary debates, not only about abortion but also about “family values,” by not saying for what, for whom, and in what form the pastor “cares.” That ambiguity raises important questions about how care for children and families might be supplemented by agencies outside the domestic household-most notably, voluntary private assistance or the workings of what Daniel Bell has called the public household. The expansion of the public household-the management, through the political process, of state revenues and expenditures to provide for public needs and wants-is one of the most important twentieth-century developments in liberal democracies. Bell contends that this development challenges the traditional, dichotomous understanding of the mechanisms by which citizens of liberal democracies provide for their needs and wants since the public household has assumed an importance rivaling that of the domestic household on the one hand and the market economy on the other (Bell, 1976:220-27). This expansion has been accompanied by an enlargement of the liberal democratic conception of public goods (once confined to goods like national defense and public highways), which is now commonly understood to extend to complex schemes of benefits like unemployment insurance, social security, and a variety of income supports.
Sexuality and Liberty: Making Room for Nature and Tradition?
Authors: Macedo Stephen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The obvious question provoked by my title is: why make room for nature and tradition? Such talk, a liberal might assert, is the stuff of intellectual reaction, and we have had more than enough of that over the last few years, no more so than in the realms of sexuality and family life. The aim of this essay, however, is to argue that liberals would do well to reclaim certain traditional moral resources and certain insights about sexuality from their captivity in the domain of intellectual and political reaction. That domain is nowadays defined by a particular aversion to the ideals of equality and liberation that came to the fore in the 1960s. Reclaiming these resources requires liberals to acknowledge that the conservative critics of the 1960s are not all wrong. Conservatives are right, for example, to argue that decent, elevated forms of human sexuality require a self-restraint and moderation that are undermined by simplistic celebrations of liberation from inherited constraints, celebrations that ignore the potentially tyrannical nature of sexual passion.
Who Should Live? Who Should Die? The Ethics of Death and Dying
Authors: Jonsen Albert R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“Death, as the Psalmist says, is certain to all; all shall die,” Justice Shallow tells Justice Silence in Shakespeare’s Henry IV. Justice Shallow’s pious platitude is the one indubitable truth. Death has always been the expected and feared result of serious illness or severe injury, as well as the anticipated end of a long life. Human efforts to fend it off have been frail and futile. The manner in which humans meet death has been a constant theme of meditation and literature in every culture. During the Christian Middle Ages, writers and preachers expounded an “art of dying” (ars moriendi), preparation to encounter one’s creator and redeemer. Physicians had relatively little part to play in the drama of human death. Greek physicians were admonished to refrain from applying their art to those who were “overmastered by their disease.” While this admonition lingered through the tradition of medical ethics, it was gradually mollified: even though physicians should not attempt to cure the incurable, they should remain with the dying to comfort them and relieve their pain. Thomas Percival eloquently urged his colleagues to be “the minister of hope and comfort to the sick; that by such cordials to the drooping spirit. he may smooth the bed of death, revive expiring life, and counteract the depressing influence of those maladies which rob the philosopher of fortitude and the Christian of consolation.”
Constructive or Mitigated Scepticism
Authors: Popkin Richard H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Another way of meeting the sceptical crisis was the formulation of a theory that could accept the full force of the sceptical attack on the possibility of human knowledge, in the sense of necessary truths about the nature of reality, and yet allow for the possibility of knowledge in a lesser sense, as convincing or probable truths about appearances. This type of view, which has become what many philosophers today consider the scientific outlook, was first presented in the seventeenth century in Father Marin Mersenne’s grandiose attack on Pyrrhonism, La Verité des Sciences, contre les Septiques ou Pyrrhoniens, and later, in a more systematic form, by Mersenne’s good friend Father Pierre Gassendi. In such other writers as the English theologian Chillingworth and the French Franciscan writer Du Bosc, one finds the quest for, and a partial statement of, this mitigated scepticism. This attempt to find a via media between the completely destructive tendency of the nouveau pyrrhonisme and a questionable dogmatism has ultimately become a crucial part of modern philosophy, in the movements of pragmatism and positivism. But even though the most theoretical formulations of this mitigated or constructive scepticism probably occurred in the early seventeenth century, a new dogmatism had to develop and be demolished before this new solution to la crise pyrrhonienne could be accepted.
Biblical Criticism and the Beginning of Religious Scepticism
Authors: Popkin Richard H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Another important kind of scepticism developed out of Bible studies in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Exploring problems of ascertaining the correct text of Scripture and the status of Scripture as a source of truth, it raised many problems, some that became very important in creating doubts about religious positions.
After the beginning of printing there was a need to stabilize and codify texts that had come down through manuscript traditions. The most important for the overall society was, of course, the Bible. The many new manuscripts that became available to Western scholars in the Renaissance led to attempts to establish criteria for best texts and accurate texts. Erasmus’ edition of the New Testament in Greek, at the beginning of the sixteenth century, showed that the best scholarly examination of available manuscripts could raise questions about the source of key religious doctrines. Erasmus had omitted the proof texts about the doctrine of the Trinity and instead noted that this text did not appear in the earliest known manuscripts of the New Testament or in citations from the early Church Fathers. He did not publicly question whether the doctrine was, in fact, part of Scripture or whether it was true.
Daughters Signifyin(G) History The Example of Toni Morrison’s Beloved
Authors: Rushdy Ashraf H A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Despite the dangers of remembering the past, American artists have insistently based a large part of their aesthetic ideal on precisely that activity. John Edgar Wideman prefaces his novel Sent for You Yesterday with this testament: “Past lives in us, through us. Each of us harbors the spirits of people who walked the earth before we did, and those spirits depend on us for continuing existence, just as we depend on their presence to live our lives to the fullest.” This insistence on the interdependence of past and present is, moreover, a political act, for it advocates a revisioning of the past as it is filtered through the present. Wideman elsewhere has asked, “What is history except people’s imaginary recreationl” Racial memories, he suggests, “exist in the imagination.” They are in fact a record of “certain collective experiences” that “have been repeated generation after generation.”
A Conversation On Toni Morrison’s Beloved
Authors: Christian Barbara , Deborah Mcdowell , Mckay Nellie Y 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I would like to thank both of you for taking the time to talk with me about Toni Morrison’s Beloved. I have always felt that this book embodies many oral qualities, perhaps because we learn a great deal about the narrative through the dialogues that the characters have with each other as well as with themselves as they struggle with their memories. Consequently, I believe that an oral component in this book makes an appropriate contribution to the collection. I have no prepared questions to lead us into the discussion since I envisioned a more spontaneous and less structured dialogue: something that captures some of the flavor of the oral tradition. So, I now invite you to relax and jump in with your questions and ideas as they come to you. We’ll bounce our ideas off of each other for the next hour or so.
Can Animal Rights Activists Be Environmentalists?
Authors: Varner Gary E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
MY OWN VIEW is not, strictly speaking, an animal rights philosophy. My view does not restrict moral standing to sentient organisms, nor do I employ the concept of moral obligation, let alone that of moral rights. Nevertheless, my view resembles animal rights views insofar as I find preeminent value in the lives of individual sentient organisms, and this places it in dubious company, since most environmental philosophers believe that animal rights views are incompatible with sound environmental policy. Notoriously, it was J. Baird Callicott who, in his early paper “Animal Liberation: A Triangular Affair,” appeared to delight in driving a very deep wedge between environmentalism and animal rights. To appreciate how hegemonic this view of the animal rights-environmental ethics split has become among environmental ethicists, consider the following quotations. Under a title extending Callicott’s amorous metaphor (“Animal Liberation and Environmental Ethics: Bad Marriage, Quick Divorce”), Mark Sagoff wrote: Environmentalists cannot be animal liberationists.