bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forget the things which are behind, and press forword to those that are before,
Authors: Taylor Mary , Murray Janet H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We all feel sure at times that if we were allowed a free hand we could carve out for ourselves a magnificent destiny; we would work and fight, and deny ourselves, and do whatever was necessary, and we would succeed. Only now and then comes the gloomy certainty that there are difficulties that we cannot overcome, and that only under favourable circumstances can we find the “leave to toil” that Burns thought it so hard to have to beg.
“Are the white hours for ever fled, That used to bless the cheerful day?”
Authors: Taylor Mary , Murray Janet H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When, two years ago, Mr. Turner had succeeded in getting on his feet again, by the help of Sykes’ money, the only people who did not benefit by the arrangement were, his own family. From sheer necessity, as well as from utter ignorance of what was really needed in a house like theirs, he always kept them short of money, and with this reminder ever before them they could never shake off the sense of disgrace and failure that depressed their spirits and spoilt their temper. Such was their state of ignorance that they would have blushed less for a theft, or a fraud, that had been successful, than they did. now for stinted means. They were not at one as to the way in which they should take their position. Amelia was the crook in their lot, whose awkward maunderings added much to the burdens they had to bear.
“Now the serpent was more subtle than any beast of the field.”
Authors: Taylor Mary , Murray Janet H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Sarah left the banker’s house at Baumforth she certainly thought she should not enter it again. She had never made out with certainty the reason why Mrs. Overton had invited her there, and she made no doubt that that lady had seen so much difference between her visitor and herself that she would never want her again. She was, therefore, proportionately surprised when the smiling lady entered the shop, and began without preface-“Now, I really must have you for a day or two, if no longer ! You surely are not so busy, Mrs. Miles, that you cannot spare your daughter for a few days at least? You took her away so suddenly !”
The Emergence of the New Society
Authors: Hackett David G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One fall morning in 1828, the elders at Second Presbyterian Church summoned their young, temporary preacher, Edward Norris Kirk, to an urgent meeting at the town’s most elegant law office. Since his arrival in Albany a few months before, Mr. Kirk had spoken with great feeling and force about God’s imminent judgment. Such preaching, the elders believed, “offended the tastes of the congregation.” Before responding to this accusation, Mr. Kirk asked if one of the elders would lead them in prayer. They responded, as Kirk recounts, with great consternation.
Introduction: Toward a Desert Hermeneutic
Authors: Burton-Christie Douglas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The retreat to the desert and growth of monasticism in fourth-century Egypt has long been recognized as one of the most significant and alluring moments of early Christianity. In the withdrawal from the mainstream of society and culture to the stark solitude of the desert, a vibrant and original spirituality was born which had a wide influence on both contemporaries and succeeding generations. It was a rich and varied movement, full of apparent contradictions and paradoxes. Although largely composed of persons from an oral, rural, peasant culture, desert monasticism also attracted many from a more literate, urban culture of the late Roman Empire. Characterized by a certain simplicity and even naivete, the monks were nevertheless capable of subtle discernment regarding the complex forces in the human soul. In their solitude, they consciously removed themselves from ordinary contact with their fellow human beings and were often perceived as aloof and forbidding; yet they were also revered for their extraordinary depth of compassion. They audaciously battled the demons in the desert, but humbly refused to acknowledge their own power. They spoke words of authority, though it was often in their silence that they were most eloquent. Many of the desert monks refused to participate in the growing establishment of the church under Constantine, choosing instead to live on the margins of society under the direct guidance of the Spirit and the Word of God. Yet in spite of or perhaps because of their singular response to the issues of their time, they had a far reaching impact on contemporary society and church and left a rich and varied legacy.
Renunciation, Freedom from Care, and the Recovery of Paradise
Authors: Burton-Christie Douglas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“Renounce this life, so that you may be alive to God.”1 These words of Abba Antony capture one of the fundamental impulses of desert monasticism: to renounce everything in order to come to an intimate and abiding knowledge of God. There are indications that certain key gospel texts (for example, Mt 19:21) played an important role in shaping the ideal of renunciation. In the Sayings we see Scripture used in a variety of ways to explore the different dimensions of this ideal and to exhort those who had taken up the monastic life to persevere in it.
Prologue The Order of the Brothers Minor
Authors: Langenbach James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the eighth century the Venerable Bede described the region including Ashdown Forest as “thick and inaccessible; a place of retreat for large herds of deer and swine?’ The ninth-century Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that the forest extended 120 miles from east to west and 30 miles from north to south. After the year 1066, William the Conqueror granted the region including Ashdown Forest to his half brother Robert, Earl of Moretain.
Symbolism in ItsProfounder Sense
Authors: Langenbach James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the summer following their first winter in Stone Cottage, Pound composed an essay titled “Imagism” to expand upon his earlier formulation of the doctrine of the Image. Before the manifesto appeared in the September 1914 issue of the Fortnightly Review, he changed the title to “Vorticism,” explaining in a letter to Harriet Monroe that “Vorticism” was “the generic term now used on all branches of the new art, sculpture, painting, poetry.” For Pound’s purposes, Vorticism was Imagism writ large.
Dialogues with the Dead
Authors: Langenbach James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“The arrival of Zeppelins,” Pound wrote to his father in the summer of 1915, “seems to have filled London with a quiet contentment.” London’s reaction to the first air raid, which occurred on the 31st of May, was not quite so calm as Pound would have had his worried family believe. Most Londoners were far from contented, but some found Pound’s composure talismanic. Violet Hunt and her circle considered Pound’s presence to be a charm against the German zeppelins-or if not Pound’s presence, at least his Image. Hunt kept Gaudier-Brzeska’s bust of Pound in her garden, maintaining that the sculpture warded off the airships.
Naipaul and The Traditions Of Travel
Authors: Nixon Rob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One can flesh out the notion of Naipaul’s “almost genetic” uprootedness by arguing that, as almost all the indigenous peoples of the Caribbean were exterminated by European colonists and as contemporary Caribbeans are therefore descended from introduced populations, the inhabitants of the region are deracines pur sang. In these terms, the displacement of Naipaul and other Antillean writers to England (most concentratedly in the 1950s), can be read as a response, several generations later, to the extraordinary violence of that ancestral exile that entailed suffering the middle passage or, in the case of Naipaul’s forebears, crossing the kala pani (black water) as they were shipped out from India to Trinidad as indentured laborers.
The Terms Of Dismissal: ‘Barbarism’,’Primitivism,’And ‘Simple Societies’
Authors: Nixon Rob 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The rhetorical strategies in these passages could readily have been inverted. One can imagine Naipaul providing a more distanced account of Trinidadian carnival as a cultural practice, suppressing his own opinionated presence and deploying the distant tones of the ethnomusicologist. Conversely, one can picture Naipaul criticizing the “underdeveloped ego” that the extended family and caste system putatively generate but staging his critique as an autobiographical experience of exasperation at a meal or on a train. In that case, his cultural observations would function as an expression of his personality or at least exist in a state of tension with it. The facility with which Naipaul moves between these rival styles of authority helps him keep in play the image of himself as someone so personally concerned about Third World societies that he is unable to achieve emotional distance from them, as well as the inverse portrait of himself as an aloof, objective analyst of those same societies. To date, inquiry into the literature of travel remains spare, especially on the question of the genre’s mixed styles of authority. The only sustained theoretical attempts to address such issues have arisen, ironically, out of the decay of ethnographic authority in the postcolonial era.
The American Ideal
Authors: Carafiol Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The American Ideal argues that the institution of American literary scholarship enshrines a reactionary view of history, of narrative, and a reactionary and dangerous view of America itself. It examines the way the idea of `America’ has been wrapped up with American literary history and unwraps the implications of that relationship for contemporary debates about the methods and status of literary history in general.
The Problem of American Literary Scholarship
Authors: Carafiol Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
After years of hostility, American Literary Scholarship appears to have taken critical theory into, if not its heart, at least its anthologies, proclaiming the virtues of its own diversity: We are large! We contain multitudes! But how trustworthy are appearances? As Terry Eagleton reminds us, “Critics who parade their pluralism are usually able to do so because the different methods they have in mind are not all that different in the end.”1 Like similar surprising reversals in Shakespearean come dies or Dickens novels, the long-deferred adoption of theory by American Literary Scholarship only discloses, somewhat belatedly, a concealed kinship. What is surprising is that Americanists have taken so long to acknowledge it. The explanations for both the long delay and the recent reconciliation can be discovered in the way changes in the prevailing theoretical discourse have meshed with the unchanging demands of American Literary Scholarship.
The Tradition of the Victim in Griersonian Documentary
Authors: Winston Brian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A. J. Liebling once remarked that it was difficult for the cub reporter to remember that his (or her) great story was somebody else’s disastrous fire. Much the same could be said of the impulse to social amelioration, which is a central element in Grierson’s rhetoric and which, therefore, has become over this past half-century a major part of the great documentary tradition. Documentary found its subject in the first decade of sound, and by the late thirties the now familiar parade of those of the disadvantaged whose deviance was sufficiently interesting to attract and hold our attention had been established.
Images as Property
Authors: Viera John David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The invention of the photographic apparatus and subsequent film and television image-fixation systems separated the visual image from its real-life subject and allowed for the mass production and consumption of images far beyond the range of painting and lithography. The mechanical reproduction of our visual world made possible the commoditization of the image. Actors’ performances, individual visages, dances, rituals, nature, vacation trips, the family, in short the entire visual phenomenological world, were capable of being fixed in material forms and exploited over time.
A Study in Multiple Forms of Bias
Authors: Beauchamp Thomas , Klaidman Stephen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“The Uncounted Enemy: A Vietnam Deception,” a CBS documentary alleging that General William C. Westmoreland falsified reports of enemy strength, is a textbook case of various forms of bias and distortion that are common to television. What follows is a brief history of the genesis of the program and an analysis of the motives and techniques that shaped its production. We have also included an appendix excerpted from an interview conducted for “The Uncounted Enemy” to illustrate how such material can be manipulated to suit the producer’s purposes.
The Samurai Sword
Authors: King Winston L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One might say, with a reasonable degree of truthfulness, that the weapon makes the warrior and that in Japan the sword made the samurai. It formed him, his way of fighting, and his place in society. Although the samurai used other weapons besides the sword, his sword was the king of his weapons. But if the sword made the samurai what he was, it can also be said that the samurai made the sword what it was by virtue of his position in society and the nature of the samurai spirit—the kind of man the samurai was inwardly.
Samurai Swordsmanship
Authors: King Winston L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Given the long seven-hundred-year dominance of the warrior class and its culture in Japan and the even longer importance of the sword as weapon and national symbol, it was to be expected that skill in the use of the sword would receive intensive and continuing attention. As observed in Chapter 4, the sword evolved toward its classic and enduring form by means of repeated testings on the battlefield; and from the period of the Genji–Heike conflict in the latter half of the twelfth century onward, the quality of swordsmanship was a prime military consideration in almost every battle that was fought—until the advent of the large-scale use of guns.
The Zen Sword: A Modern Interpretation
Authors: King Winston L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In medieval Japan, when the warrior was dominant in both the political and cultural life and when Zen was in its heyday as the warrior religion, no questions were raised about its involvement as a Buddhist sect in maximizing the warrior’s combat skills. Just as the earlier Buddhist sects, Tendai and Shingon, had perceived their roles to be protection of the country and its rulers from human and superhuman dangers, so latecomer Zen fitted into the same mold without protest or resistance. And both because of its coming into prominence just as the warrior Hōjō regency took over political power in Japan in the early thirteenth century and because of its peculiar fitness for dealing with the warrior mind described in Chapter 7, Zen became the religion of the warrior class par excellence. Its militancy was not “forced” on it by circumstances, by the large estates donated to its temples (as in the case of Shingon and Tendai), or by political ambitions such as those cherished by Pure Land Ikkō. It was simply that its approach to life was so adaptable to the character and aims of the dominant warrior class that the two became close Partners in action, with no embarrassing questions asked on either side about nonviolent Buddhism teaming up with the samurai as his enabler.
The Samurai of the Twentieth Century
Authors: King Winston L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1876 the samurai were deprived of their distinctive and distinguishing mark—the exclusive right to wear two swords. Henceforth, “daimyo” would be top-level administrators, and samurai become bureaucrats and civil servants. Thus on paper at least, the samurai “code” (bushido) was consigned to the historic past, and the warrior spirit, dominant for some seven hundred years, was given decent burial. A new age—the age of European technical progress and parliamentary rule—was entered into.
The Life-Giving “Sword” of the Martial Arts
Authors: King Winston L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The final era of the overt manifestation of the samurai fighting spirit came to an official end on August 15, 1945. Under American occupation, Japan became a nonaggressive nation whose only military force was composed of self-defense units and whose constitution forbade their use outside the Japanese islands, a policy now slightly modified. But as suggested in Chapter 9, the imprint of the warrior centuries and the samurai regime of the Tokugawa era could not be erased overnight by the stroke of an official pen. The armed warrior version of the samurai spirit was indeed gone, or perhaps not quite gone, but reborn in a new nonlethal form—the martial arts.
The Propriety of the Lyrical Ballads
Authors: Eilenberg Susan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
My subject is what happens when a poet opens his mouth and somebody else’s voice comes out. Sometimes we call this inspiration, but the effect is more ambiguous than that term suggests. Both Wordsworth and Coleridge suffered attacks of ventriloquism, or possession by apparently alien voices. Their endurance of these vccal visitations led to some of their greatest and, paradoxically, most characteristic work.
The Haunted Language of the Lucy Poems
Authors: Eilenberg Susan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The economy of the Lucy poems involves neither property nor, in any obvious sense, possession. It figures no struggle for ground, no exorcism of previous inhabitants. For such loss as these poems record-emotional rather than financial or literary-there can be, it would seem, no recompense. The poems confound both poet’s and critics’ accounting.
Historical Slippage
Authors: Lincoln Kenneth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Freud’s final words of “Humour” in 1928 lauded “a rare and precious gift.” 1 This rare gift appears toward the end of another wise book by and about a man of Witz, Tahca Ushte or John (Fire) Lame Deer. Richard Erdoes came all the way from Freud’s Vienna of the late 1930s to record the “precious gift” of a Minneconjou Sioux healer’s life-story during the 1960s and 1970s. In some comic sense, it corrects John Neihardt’s tragic portrait of the Oglala Sioux heyoka Nicholas Black Elk from Pine Ridge. Indeed, Lame Deer’s narrative offers rare evidence of what Lévi-Strauss brackets as “the savage mind” at play or what Huizinga calls Homo ludens.
Feminist lndi’ns
Authors: Lincoln Kenneth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Revising history means looking back (re-vision) at what we were, and thus are now. Whatever “the primitive” connotes, on a credit side the primal origin or on a debit side the “other,” women were incontestably there from the beginning. They are standing up to be counted today. Monica Sjoo and Barbara Mor strop the male phallus on a feminist whetstone in The Great Cosmic Mother: Rediscovering the Religion of the Earth (1987), suggesting that female chromosomes determine life from the start, that mother precedes father, that socializing women invented speech, and that culture began feminist. Radical Euroamerican feminism may be exploring a primitivist separatism that Indians have long experienced and may not exactly relish.
Red Gods, Blue Humors: James Welch
Authors: Lincoln Kenneth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Punctuated with scatological humor, Winter in the Blood (1974) cuts across “field and stream” Montana with unflinching irony, unrelieved by pity or sentimentality. A decade later Love Medicine could be lyric, even epiphanal (transcendent of male violence and female pathos), but James Welch’s first novel suffered its masculine “vision” comically dark.
Film and Music
Authors: Marks Martin Miller 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
From the time of the first public demonstration of a Lumière cinématographe, for which a pianist is said to have improvised an accompaniment, until today’s widescreen features with their multichanneled, digitally recorded scores, there has always been music for motion pictures. The pictures have fostered an abundant and rich variety of music-making, which for more than eight decades has affected us in ways both simple and subtle. Yet most of us have a very poor knowledge of what film music is all about. Why should there be this discrepancy? Why are the facts of film music not widely understood? Why should Peter Odegard, in a review of two mid-seventies reference works devoted to music of the twentieth century, have to take both to task for all but ignoring film music, “the most widely dispersed repertoire being performed today, and hence in its peculiar way the most influential”?
First Stages, Dimly ,Lit
Authors: Marks Martin Miller 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Little has been written about the music of early cinema, and it is easy to understand why. First, let us be clear about the period in question: altogether it comprises about a decade and a half, from the mid-189os, when motion pictures made their public debuts, until circa 1910, when the film industry began to emerge. As demonstrated in Chapter One, most of our information about music and silent cinema dates from after 1910; earlier than that, documents are lacking and extant scores are few. Moreover, such materials as do exist have generally been disregarded, because the attention of most film historians has been absorbed by other pressing projects, which relate only indirectly to music. Much work has been done, for example, tracing the origins of cinema’s technological apparatus (what is sometimes called its “prehistory”1), including the various methods of synchronizing sound which came to fruition in the 192os.2 More important, during recent years, while research into early cinema has flourished as never before, leading scholars have had more than enough to do bringing long-neglected films to light. Thus, musical matters remained largely unexplored.
Film Scores in America, 191O—14
Authors: Marks Martin Miller 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines a transitional period within the history of music for silent films in America—a period that saw the emergence of feature films and special scores to go with them. Within this period the term “special score” took on a particular meaning, divorced from musical content: it came to designate scores that were created for and distributed with particular films, as opposed to accompaniments that were improvised or prepared by musicians within individual theaters. Special scores were reproduced—and in some cases published—in multiple copies, to be performed in as many theaters as possible. Before sound film, and within the structure of an industry that encouraged exhibitions of the same film across the country simultaneously, they represented the most elaborate efforts to control the music for such exhibitions in a systematic fashion.