bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre‐Crisis Conditions and Financial Crisis Duration
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Cong , Thuy Tien Ho 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper examines how pre‐crisis conditions affect the duration of different types of financial crises using a data sample of 311 financial crises in 89 countries over the period 1985–2019. Results from our parametric survival analysis show that the duration of any type of financial crisis is longer for countries having higher levels of public debt prior to financial crises, whereas it is shorter for countries characterised by higher pre‐crisis levels of (i) current account balance, (ii) international reserves, (iii) GDP growth and (iv) institutional quality. Similarly, while pegged exchange rate regimes, productivity shocks and negative commodity price shocks are associated with a longer duration of financial crises, majority governments help countries emerge faster from crises. Moreover, pre‐crisis expansion of fiscal and monetary policies helps to shorten financial crises. We also find a positive effect of pre‐crisis fiscal balance on the probability of crisis ending, and it is noteworthy that this effect is strengthened under majority governments and a stronger institutional environment. Our empirical findings offer some important policy implications.
Modal verbs in South Asian Online Englishes: Exploring the use of must, (have) got to, have to and need to
Authors: Shakir Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis research article presents an analysis of four (semi‐)modals of necessity/obligation (must, (have) got to, have to and need to) in four CMC registers (comments, tweets, web forums and websites) originating from four South Asian countries (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) along with the United Kingdom and United States. The data are annotated for various factors like lexical verb association, source of obligation, subject person, genericity etc. The analysis is performed using multinomial logistic regression. The results show that verb association, source of obligation and register category are among the most significant predictors of modal choice. Regional patterns show that must is preferred in the South Asian data where the source of obligation is discourse internal (i.e. expressing opinion or speaker‐imposed obligation) in the registers of comments and tweets. Lastly, the Indian data are more likely to have its own norms of (semi‐)modal verb usage, indicating early ‘nativisation’ as suggested by Schneider (2007). The data from Sri Lank and Pakistan show signs of late ‘endonormative stabilisation’ for these two varieties. The Bangladeshi data indicate that the variety may have moved backwards from ‘endonormative stabilisation’ to be more an EFL‐like variety instead of an ESL one.
A propósito de respeto
Authors: Ruiz Morales Alvaro de Jesus 
Published: January 2025

Se hace una reflexión sobre el ejercicio de la Medicina, sobre la actitud del médico, que debe ver en su paciente a un ser humano integral, y debe considerar todos los aspectos relevantes para su atención. Igualmente se reflexiona sobre la actitud en la relación con estudiantes de cualquier nivel en el ejercicio docente.
El médico debe ser científico, crítico, preciso y metódico, pero al mismo tiempo debe ser humano, debe considerar todos los aspectos relevantes del paciente y de su entorno, todas sus circunstancias. Por eso se habla de la combinación de la ciencia con el arte.
El propósito del ejercicio de la Medicina debe ser la búsqueda de ofrecer al paciente una buena calidad de vida, no más cantidad. Pero, cuando se agotan los recursos curativos, su propósito debe cambiar al de ofrecer al paciente una buena calidad de muerte, que sigue implicando atención médica (control del dolor y síntomas, por ejemplo) pero también control de ansiedad, de inquietudes, de procura de bienestar psicológico, espiritual, religioso y en todas las áreas posibles.
Siempre el médico tendrá responsabilidades docentes, sea con su paciente y su familia, o con estudiantes de diversos niveles. Y el ejercicio de esa responabilidad debe hacerse también con humanidad, con respeto, con interés por las circunstancias del otro.
Investigation of Sensitivity Analysis of Crucial Dynamic Characteristics of Offshore Wind Turbine Utilizing Polynomial Chaos Expansion
Authors: Han Fucheng , Wang Wenhua , Han Xu , Shi Wei , Li Xin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The probabilistic-based design method is gaining attention in designing offshore wind turbines (OWTs) owing to its economic design. However, the numerous uncertain design variables and the tiny target annual failure probability make it unaffordable to achieve a reliable and economic design. Conducting sensitivity analysis (SA) is a common strategy to identify nonsignificant variables, thereby reducing the uncertainty space and accelerating the design process. To this end, this study aims to identify the factors significantly influencing the dynamic characteristics of OWTs from the structural geometrical, material properties, environmental, and soil uncertainties by conducting SA. Primarily, an improved method integrating the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) strategy with the traditional Morris screening method was proposed to accelerate the SA process, and it was further validated by comparing the natural frequency results with those of the PCE-based Sobol method. A comprehensive SA study was then carried out to explore the dominant variables highly influencing the representative dynamic responses using the proposed method. The results indicated that the pile foundation bending stiffness has a remarkable effect on the natural frequency following Young's modulus E and tower thickness t, and wind loads serve as the most prominent factor influencing support structural dynamic responses. Furthermore, according to the observed remarkable influence of the pile foundation stiffness parameter on the structural stress, it proved the necessity of introducing the coupled numerical model in the SA for OWT.
Precision engineering of the probiotic
Escherichia coli
Nissle 1917 with prime editing
Authors: Chen Pei-Ru , Wei Ying , Li Xin , Yu Hai-Yan , Wang Shu-Guang , Yuan Xian-Zheng , Xia Peng-Fei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

CRISPR-Cas systems are transforming precision medicine with engineered probiotics as next-generation diagnostics and therapeutics. To promote human health and treat disease, engineering probiotic bacteria demands maximal versatility to enable non-natural functionalities while minimizing undesired genomic interferences. Here, we present a streamlined prime editing approach tailored for probiotic
Escherichia coli
Nissle 1917 utilizing only essential genetic modules, including Cas9 nickase from
Streptococcus pyogenes
, a codon-optimized reverse transcriptase, and a prime editing guide RNA, and an optimized workflow with longer induction. As a result, we achieved all types of prime editing in every individual round of experiments with efficiencies of 25.0%, 52.0%, and 66.7% for DNA deletion, insertion, and substitution, respectively. A comprehensive evaluation of off-target effects revealed a significant reduction in unintended mutations, particularly in comparison to two different base editing methods. Leveraging the prime editing system, we inserted a unique DNA sequence to barcode the edited strain and established an antibiotic-resistance-gene-free platform to enable non-natural functionalities. Our prime editing strategy presents a CRISPR-Cas system that can be readily implemented in any laboratories with the basic CRISPR setups, paving the way for future innovations in engineered probiotics.

IMPORTANCE

One ultimate goal of gene editing is to introduce designed DNA variations at specific loci in living organisms with minimal unintended interferences in the genome. Achieving this goal is especially critical for creating engineered probiotics as living diagnostics and therapeutics to promote human health and treat diseases. In this endeavor, we report a customized prime editing system for precision engineering of probiotic
Escherichia coli
Nissle 1917. With such a system, we developed a barcoding system for tracking engineered strains, and we built an antibiotic-resistance-gene-free platform to enable non-natural functionalities. We provide not only a powerful gene editing approach for probiotic bacteria but also new insights into the advancement of innovative CRISPR-Cas systems.
CRISPR-guided base editor enables efficient and multiplex genome editing in bacterial cellulose-producing
Komagataeibacter
species
Authors: Xin Bo , Liu Jiaheng , Li Jinyang , Peng Zhaojun , Gan Xinyue , Zhang Yuxi , Zhong Cheng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an extracellular polysaccharide produced by bacteria that has wide applications in the food industry, tissue engineering, and battery manufacturing. Genome editing of BC-producing
Komagataeibacter
species is expected to optimize BC production and its properties. However, the available technology can target only one gene at a time and requires foreign DNA templates, which may present a regulatory hurdle for genetically modified organisms. In this study, we developed a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-guided base editing method for
Komagataeibacter
species using Cas9 nickase and cytidine deaminase. Without foreign DNA templates, C-to-T conversions were performed within an 8 bp editing window with 90% efficiency. Double- and triple-gene editing was achieved with 80%–90% efficiency. Fusing uracil-DNA glycosylase with the base editor enabled C-to-G editing. The base editor worked efficiently with various
Komagataeibacter
species. Finally, mannitol metabolic genes were investigated using base-editing-mediated gene inactivation. This study provides a powerful tool for multiplex genome editing of
Komagataeibacter
species.

IMPORTANCE

Komagataeibacter
, a bacterial genus belonging to the family
Acetobacteraceae
, has important applications in food and material biosynthesis. However, the genome editing of
Komagataeibacter
relies on traditional homologous recombination methods. Therefore, only one gene can be manipulated in each round using foreign DNA templates, which may present a regulatory hurdle for genetically modified organisms when microorganisms are used in the food industry. In this study, a powerful base editing technology was developed for
Komagataeibacter
species. C-to-T and C-to-G base conversions were efficiently implemented at up to three loci in the
Komagataeibacter
genome. This base editing system is expected to accelerate basic and applied research on
Komagataeibacter
species.
A model of inflation consistent with Planck 2018 and BICEP/Keck data
Authors: Chen Li-Yang , Yu Hongwei , Wu Puxun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We establish a phenomenological inflation model in this paper and find that the predicted values of the spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio are well consistent with the results from the Planck 2018 survey and the BICEP/Keck array measurement, significantly improving the theoretical precision in describing the early universe’s inflationary process. After inflation, we find that preheating can occur from the tachyonic instability or the parametric resonance, which depends on the value of one of model parameters.
Stepwise Parameter Estimation Approach for Enhanced Single Particle Model in Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Lee Hyeon-Gyu , Kim Myung-Woo , Jeon Jae-Hoon , Lee Kyu-Jin , Kim Hong-Keun 
Published: January 2025

With the growing demand for electric vehicles, there is an increasing need to accurately assess the internal states of lithium-ion batteries to enhance both performance and safety. This study introduces a novel parameter estimation approach based on an enhanced single particle model, which ensures high accuracy compared to experimental data. The parameter estimation process is carried out in four stages: determination of stoichiometric values (Stage 1), model parameter estimation using genetic algorithm (GA) (Stage 2), evaluation of entropy coefficients with SOC (Stage 3), and re-estimation of model parameters (Stage 4). The optimization algorithm aims to minimize the root mean square error between the experimental data and model results, targeting voltage and temperature errors within 30 mV and 0.5 °C, respectively. The proposed approach is validated using three commercial cylindrical LIBs with different chemistries (NCA, NMC, and LFP as cathode materials). The comparison results under constant current discharge and US06 driving test power cycle show good accuracy for both electrochemical and thermal characteristics.
Elevated Type 2 Inflammatory Factors, Th2/Th1 Balanced Status, and Exosomes as a Marker of Severity in Chronic Actinic Dermatitis
Authors: Jun-Ting Tang , Ying Tu , Xiang Nong , Dong-Jie Sun , Li He 
Published: January 2025

Background: Chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) is a skin inflammation triggered by light exposure, occurring at the exposed site and potentially causing widespread inflammation throughout the body. While we hypothesize that severe CAD could progress to atopic dermatitis, the exact inflammatory mechanisms and pathogenesis remain unclear.Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationships between CAD severity and clinical and immunological parameters.Methods: CAD patients were classified into two groups based on severity: mild CAD and severe CAD. We assessed total IgE levels, eosinophil count in peripheral blood (PB), the ratio of Th2 cell percentage to Th1 cell percentages (Th2/Th1), and cytokine/chemokine levels in both PB and skin lesions.Results: In our study, eosinophil counts in patients with severe CAD and mild CAD were significantly higher than those in the control group (p  < 0.05). It was exhibited a higher Th2/Th1 ratio in severe‐CAD patients compared with mild‐CAD patients and control group (p  < 0.05). There were significant increases in the levels of IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐8, IL‐31, and IFN‐γ in the lesions of severe CAD patients compared to the control group (p  < 0.05). Additionally, the level of CD63 exosomes in the PB of severe‐CAD patients was significantly elevated compared to the control group (p  < 0.05). Persistent elevations of CD63 exosomes in severe CAD patients were associated with the Th2/Th1 balance status in PB (p  < 0.05).Conclusion: Severe CAD demonstrates a shift toward Th2 immunity from Th2/Th1, accompanied by elevated with inflammatory factors such as IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐31, IL‐8, and IFN‐γ in skin lesions, as well as increased CD63 exosomes in PB. Thus, consequently, exosomes and Th2/Th1 imbalance may contribute to the systemic manifestations observed in CAD patients.
Investigating the effect of contingent factors on performance of SMEs: The mediating role of management accounting system
Authors: Ghazalat Anas , Mansour Ala’a Zuhair , Alkhasawneh Shadi , Alhmood Mohammad Abedalrahman 
Published: January 2025

Background SMEs failure is common within the first 5 years. For efficient resource management and improve corporate performance, SMEs need management accounting systems. Structure, strategy, and staff qualifications affect MAS adoption in organizations. Objective : This study aims to examine the effect of contingent factors in the adoption of MAS, as well as the effect of MAS on performance, and also the role of MAS as a mediator between performance and contingent factors in SMEs in Jordan. Methods PLS-SEM was used to evaluate a questionnaire of accounting department heads and finance managers from Jordanian SMEs ( N = 415). Results Decentralization, accounting staff qualification, differentiation strategy, and low-cost strategy directly increase MAS adoption. This study shows that MAS improve performance significantly. This study also shows that MAS mediate the relationship between decentralization, accounting staff qualification, differentiation strategy, and low-cost strategy and SME performance in Jordan. Conclusions The study found that contingent factors can help us understand how managers can use MAS information to improve performance. The results only somewhat expand the corpus of research on MAS’s usefulness, but they help us understand the aspects that may affect MAS design and performance in firms.
Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for the Treatment of Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy in Children
Authors: Trivedi Aditi M. , Montenegro Maria A. , Gonda David , Kim-McManus Olivia , Rismanchi Neggy , Frederick Aliya , Guido-Estrada Natalie , Jindal Anuja , Sattar Shifteh 
Published: January 2025

Objective Few studies have explored the efficacy of laser interstitial thermal therapy in pediatric epilepsy surgery. This study aims to evaluate seizure-free outcomes in children and adolescents with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent laser interstitial thermal therapy. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study performed at a level 4 epilepsy center. All patients had comprehensive presurgical epilepsy evaluations with a consensus treatment decision made by a multidisciplinary team. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were used to determine lesional vs nonlesional groups. All laser interstitial thermal therapy procedures were performed using Visualase laser ablation systems by the neurosurgical team. Seizure-free outcomes were measured according to the Engel surgical outcome scale. Results This study included 19 patients (12 girls, 7 boys). Age of epilepsy onset ranged from 2 to 17 years (mean 9.9 years), and age at time of surgery ranged from 8 to 20 years (mean 15.1 years). Ten patients (52.5%) had signs of hippocampal sclerosis on MRI (lesional group), and 9 patients (47.5%) had a normal brain MRI (nonlesional group). Engel 1 score was achieved by 14 of 19 patients (73.5%): 9 of 10 patients (90%) in the lesional group and 5 of 9 patients (55.5%) in the nonlesional group. Younger age of seizure onset was a predictor of better postsurgical outcome, but no other outcome predictors could be established. Conclusion Laser interstitial thermal therapy is safe and effective for the treatment of drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in children, rendering more favorable seizure-free outcomes in pediatric patients with hippocampal atrophy than in those with nonlesional mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Primary pulmonary diffuse large B cell lymphoma presenting with features of organizing pneumonia: a case report
Authors: Li Sunjie , Huang Yige , Wang Linlin , Zhou Jintao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Primary pulmonary lymphoma is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Primary pulmonary diffuse large B cell lymphoma is an exceptionally rare form of primary pulmonary lymphoma. The clinical presentation of primary pulmonary diffuse large B cell lymphoma is often nonspecific, and imaging findings lack pathognomonic features, leading to frequent misdiagnosis and delayed treatment.

Case presentation
An 81-year-old Chinese man presented with a 4-month history of pulmonary nodules and a 2-month history of cough and dyspnea. Initial empiric antibiotic therapy for suspected lung infection was ineffective. A chest computed tomography scan revealed multiple patchy and nodular opacities in both lungs. Bronchoscopy ruled out bacterial and fungal infections, leading to a diagnosis of organizing pneumonia. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids provided transient symptomatic improvement, followed by clinical deterioration. Upon admission to hospital, a percutaneous lung biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of primary pulmonary diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The patient was transferred to the hematology department and received rituximab combined with reduced dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone chemotherapy. Despite treatment, the patient’s clinical condition deteriorated, leading to eventual mortality owing to disease progression.

Conclusion
Primary pulmonary diffuse large B cell lymphoma is a rare clinical condition with non-specific clinical manifestations, posing significant challenges for accurate and timely diagnosis. Early differentiation from other pulmonary conditions, such as organizing pneumonia, is critical to avoid delayed or inappropriate treatment, potentially improving patient outcomes. This case underscores the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach, including histopathological confirmation, in patients with pulmonary lesions that do not respond as expected to empiric therapies on the basis of preliminary diagnoses.
Hysteresis Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Column Retrofitted and Repaired with Carbon Fiber Sheet
Authors: Lee Moon-Sung , Lee Li-Hyung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Structures experience damage and deterioration over their life cycle. The recent increase in interest in sustainable development of cities is re-evaluating the long-term use of structures. Therefore, researches on the retrofitting method for existing structures is receiving high attention again. However, there are very few cases where the direct comparison between the repair and retrofitting effects of structures has been experimentally verified. In this study, retrofitting methods and repair methods with carbon fiber sheets for reinforced concrete columns under shear failure were investigated. 10 reinforced concrete columns were tested under reversed cyclic loading. As a result of the experiment, it was found that, when reinforced with CFS strips, the increase in the width of the strip serves to enhance the strength and ductility of the reinforced member by providing confinement against shear cracks occurring in concrete. It was confirmed that as the number of overlaps of CFS increased, a greater strength-enhancing effect and ductility-enhancing effect appeared. However, the two-way reinforcement of CFS did not show a great effect in improving strength and ductility. As a result of evaluating the repair performance of damaged members using CFS, it was found that the strength and ductility of the repaired specimen exceeded the original strength and ductility of the base material as well as the strength and ductility of the reinforced specimen.