bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of unexpected red blood cell antibodies in pregnant women and follow-up of pregnancy outcome in pregnant women treated with intra-uterine transfusion
Authors: Golia Sunil , Tiwari Aseem Kumar , Aggarwal Geet , Khetrapal Anil , Tyagi Sandeep Kumar , Jain Chetna , Gupta Shubham , Pawar Samruddhi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
For the management of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN), it is important to detect unexpected red cell antibody in pregnant women. We assessed the prevalence of unexpected red cell antibodies in consecutive pregnant women attending antenatal clinic (ANC). More importantly, cases with unexpected antibody causing severe anemia were followed-up for intervention (Intra-uterine transfusion {IUT}) and outcome of pregnancy (still-birth/live-healthy).

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
The study was conducted with an objective to find the prevalence of unexpected RBC antibodies in pregnant women, their specificity and to do the follow-up for IUT and outcome of pregnancy (still-birth, live-birth) in antibody positive women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a prospective study from January 2021 to May 2022 at two tertiary care centres. All antenatal samples received by the laboratory were screened for unexpected red cell antibody. Whenever antibody screen was positive, antibody identification was performed. Patients, positive for unexpected antibody and anemia were followed up for any transfusion-based intervention and outcome of pregnancy.

RESULTS:
A total of 539 consecutive samples were worked up and among these, 10 samples (1.85%) were found to be antibody positive. The antibodies identified were Anti-D (n=6), anti-Leb (n=1), anti-M (n=1), anti-C (n=1) and anti-E (n=1).The prevalence of unexpected antibodies in Rh positive and Rh negative pregnant women was 0.83% and 10.9% respectively. Follow-up was done for all 10 cases with unexpected antibody and anemia was monitored by MCA PSV (middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity).Two women developed severe anemia thus requiring single intrauterine transfusion (at 26 weeks and 28 weeks respectively) each, for correction of anemia. In both these cases, healthy male child was delivered. At 3-month follow-up both children were alive and healthy.

CONCLUSION:
The study found prevalence of unexpected RBC antibodies in pregnant women as 1.85%. The study also underlined importance of transfusion-based interventions contributing to successful outcome in couple of cases with severe anemia.
Utility of saliva to detect secretor status in para-Bombay blood group and Bombay blood group
Authors: Chavan Surekha K. , Borade Devika Suresh , Shah Pranjal S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bombay blood group, H-deficient nonsecretor phenotype and para-Bombay blood group, and H-deficient secretor phenotype are both rare blood groups. Secretor status refers to the presence or absence of water-soluble ABO blood group antigens in an individual’s body fluids, such as saliva, tears, breast milk, urine, and semen. Individuals who secrete these antigens in their body fluids are referred to as secretors, while people who do not, are termed nonsecretors. Bombay phenotype individuals are red cell H-deficient nonsecretors, whereas para-Bombay individuals are red cell H-deficient secretors. We present a comparative study of two individuals, a 27-year-old male patient having para-Bombay phenotype blood group and a 30-year-old female patient having Bombay phenotype blood group. In both of these patients, saliva was utilized to demonstrate the secretor status.
Comparative analysis of alloimmunization in healthy voluntary blood donors versus general patients: A 6-year experience from regional transfusion center in Northwestern part of India
Authors: Yadav Anshika , Agarwal Pankaj , Gupta Gajendra Nath 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Alloimmunization is a significant complication of blood transfusion and can lead to hemolytic transfusion reactions. The prevalence of alloimmunization in healthy voluntary blood donors and patients in the northwestern part of India is not well documented.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to investigate the prevalence, specificity, and clinical significance of antibodies in blood donors and general patients in a regional transfusion centre in the North Western part of India.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of alloimmunization in voluntary blood donors and patients over a six-year period in a regional transfusion center. A total of 145,299 donor samples and 58,009 patient samples were screened for unexpected antibodies using standard techniques.

RESULTS:
Of the 145,299 donor samples screened, only 16 (0.011%) were positive for unexpected antibodies, with anti-M being the most common (62.5%). In contrast, among the 58,009 patients screened, 275 (0.47%) were found to be positive for alloantibodies, with blood group B showing the highest prevalence. The most common alloantibodies found in patients were anti-D, anti-E, anti-c, and anti-K in the Rh and Kell blood group systems.

CONCLUSION:
The incidence of alloimmunization in voluntary blood donors is low and comparable to other regions, which can be attributed to strict donor selection criteria and pre-donation screening practices. However, the incidence of alloimmunization in patients is higher, highlighting the need for routine screening for unexpected antibodies in patients to prevent hemolytic transfusion reactions. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying factors contributing to the higher incidence of alloimmunization in patients.
Evaluation of hepatic fibrosis by transient elastography in βthalassemia children before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Salama Reem , Elhawary Eslam , Ziada Dina , Elshanshory Mohamed , Elkaffas Asmaa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Iron overload is a major concern in all patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). The liver, being a target for iron deposition is at risk of developing liver fibrosis or even cirrhosis. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment in clinical practice, a process that is surrounded by several precautions and complications that may affect the liver condition as well.

Aim
To evaluate the degree of hepatic fibrosis in children with TDT before and after HSCT.

Methodology
Twenty-five children with TDT who underwent HSCT were investigated by serum ferritin in addition to the assessment of liver fibrosis using transient elastography by FibroScan and liver fibrosis scores before and 1-year after HSCT.

Results
Out of the 25 children enrolled, only 16 completed a 1-year post-transplantation follow-up period. Slightly increased liver stiffness values measured by FibroScan 1-year post-transplantation, but the patients were still having the same degree of fibrosis of the pre-transplant period. FIB-4 score and APRI also showed statistically significant increase post-transplant as compared to pre-transplantation.

Conclusion
Stationary degree of fibrosis in thalassaemic children after HSCT with slight increases in the liver stiffness values by transient elastography that necessitates longer follow-up of the fibrosis status of patients’ post-transplant. Transient elastography is considered a helpful noninvasive tool for assessment of the hepatic status before and after HSCT.
Prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia at Alexandria Main University Hospital
Authors: Sorour Amani F , Imbaby Salma A E , Tawfik Nourane 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Understanding the genetic basis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) will help in risk stratification and a better therapeutic strategy. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) panel at our institution compared with other studies.

Patients and methods and results
A CLL FISH panel that included P53/ATM Probe Combination and D13S319/13qter/12cen Deletion Enumeration Probe was analyzed in 100 newly diagnosed patients with CLL. TP53 deletion was the most prevalent aberration, which is in contrast with other Middle Eastern countries, where deletion 13q14 was the commonest aberration among patients.

Conclusion
The heterogeneity of CLL clinical course is possibly explained by underlying molecular factors that affect prognosis including data from FISH probes. It is proposed that these abnormalities should be investigated at the time of diagnosis to better understand the disease outcome and prognosis.
The prevalence of neonatal anemia in Al Baha, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Alharbi Raed A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Neonatal anemia contributes to the global burden of anemia, a crucial public health concern. It is primarily associated with mild to severe neurological impairment, which may result in perinatal mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and its association with sex and age in newborns at Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia. A retrospective observational study was performed using the R-studio/r-base coding tool. The analysis included the mean, standard deviation, median, interquartile range, correlation matrix, and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of neonatal anemia was 25.36% (n = 140). The mean±SD of hemoglobin (Hgb) (g/dl) was significantly different between anemic and nonanemic neonates, with values of 9.36 ± 1.04 and 15.74 ± 3.35 (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of neonatal anemia in males and females was 29.8% and 20.5%, respectively. Among males, the neonatal anemia Severity was 14.4% (mild anemia) and 6.1% (moderate anemia), while among females, it was 20.1% (mild anemia) and 9.7% (moderate anemia). In female neonates, the prevalence of microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic anemia was 6.08%, 62.36%, and 31.56%, respectively. In contrast, the prevalence rate of microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic anemia among male neonates, was 8.3%, 54.4%, and 29.07%, respectively. In females, only normocytic iron deficiency anemia was observed (55%), whereas the prevalence of normocytic iron deficiency anemia and microcytic iron deficiency anemia in males was 69% and 31%, respectively. Overall, iron deficiency anemia affected 65% of males. Compared with neonates aged 0-90 days, neonates aged 90-180 days have ~0.4 times more likelihood of developing neonatal anemia. Female sex is one of the risk factors associated with anemia. Further investigation and implementation of preventive measures are crucial to address the prevalence and severity of neonatal anemia.
Therapeutic evidence of tranexamic acid effectiveness in reducing postoperative blood loss among patients with femoral shaft fractures: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Khameneh Mohsen P , Bozorgmanesh Mohamadreza , Shiri Rahim , Modir Hesameddin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the effect of tranexamic acid on decreasing surgery-related blood loss among patients diagnosed with femoral shaft fracture.

Patients and methods
This double-blinded, randomized, clinical trial was designed on 60 patients, who have been referred for femoral shaft fracture surgery to the Arak Valiasr Hospital. The eligible patients were assigned into intervention and control groups using balanced block randomization. For patients administered 10 mg/kg of intravenous tranexamic acid slowly to the first group before the surgery, when strict control of vital signs and standard monitoring were utilized throughout the procedure.
The amount of blood loss during and after the surgery (6 and 24 h later) and hemoglobin and hematocrit at, before, and after the procedure was measured, and data was analyzed by SPSS 22 (IBM Corp.).

Results
The clinical evidence revealed lower levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit in the control than in the intervention group within postoperative 24 h (P=0.001), while less blood loss was observed in the intervention group during surgery and at 6 and 24 h later (P=0.001).

Conclusion
Our results highlight strong support for the hypothesis that in femoral shaft fractures, a tranexamic acid regime significantly decreases blood loss, and subsequently a postoperative improvement in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels was made in patients in the intervention group versus those in the control group. Hence, tranexamic acid administration seems to be an excellent, safe option for controlling bleeding in orthopedic surgeries, where a possible intraoperative blood loss is expected and the clinical circumstances of the patient allow them.
Digital necrosis in a chronic hemodialysis patient with multiple myeloma
Authors: Jabrane Marouane , Bouchoual Mohammed , Arrayhani Mohamed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Digital ulcer generally reflects the presence of focal ischemia related to a microangiopathy. Etiologies are dominated by connectivites in women and by diffuse arteriopathies such as Leo-Buerger disease in men, as well as emboligenic heart disease. This article describes the case of a 46-year-old chronic hemodialysis female patient with nephroangiosclerosis, who presented a progressive onset of intermittent cyanosis of the fingertips and toes. The symptomatology was worsened by the evolution toward necrosis at the amputation stage. Etiological workup was in favor of multiple myeloma, requiring the initiation of chemotherapy.
Clinicopathologic Study of Sickle Cell-associated Kidney Disease: A Nigerian Experience
Authors: Hassan Muzamil Olamide , Arogundade Fatiu Abiola , Osasan Stephen Adebayo , Gbadegesin Babajide A. , Omotoso Bolanle Aderonke , Okunola Oluyomi Oluseun , Sanusi Abubakr Abefe , Adelusola Kayode A. , Akinola Norah O. , Akinsola Adewale 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Improvements in sickle cell disease (SCD) care have resulted in the survival of many patients into adulthood, although this is accompanied by the increased incidence of end-organ damage, including chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Objectives:
This study assessed the prevalence, pattern and predictors of renal dysfunction in SCD patients and investigated the associated renal histopathologic changes.

Methods:
We evaluated 105 patients with SCD, for proteinuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and tubular dysfunction. Renal biopsy was conducted on 22 patients who qualified. Data were analysed using SPSS package version 23.

Results:
Thirty-seven (35.2%) of the 105 patients had CKD, as defined by an eGFR of 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria. The fractional excretion of potassium (FEK) was elevated in all patients, whereas the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) was elevated in 98.1%. Glomerular filtration rate was negatively correlated with irreversible percentage sickle cell count (r = −0.616, P = 0.0001), FEK (r = −0.448, P = 0.0001) and FENa (r = −0.336, P = 0.004). Age, irreversible percentage sickle cell count, haemoglobin levels and FENa were the major predictors of CKD. The histological pattern in the 22 patients who had biopsies was consistent with mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis 11 (50%), minimal change disease 6 (27.3%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 3 (13.6%) and interstitial nephritis 2 (9.1%).

Conclusions:
CKD was prevalent in SCD patients, and it was characterised by tubular dysfunction and mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. The main predictors of CKD were increased age, severity of vaso-occlusive crisis, worsening anaemia and tubular dysfunction.
Vaccine Safety: Assessing the Prevalence and Severity of Adverse Events Following COVID-19 Vaccination amongst Healthcare Workers in Tertiary Health Facilities in Nigeria
Authors: Azees Ayotunde Sherif , Fasiku Mojirola Martina , Isa Abdulfattah , Ezenwoko Ahuna Zainab , Ahmed Abdullahi , Temitayo-Oboh Abiola Oluwatoyin , Utulu Rowland , Adeniyi Makinde Adebayo , Musa Abubakar , Alo Chihurumnanya , Ibrahim Usman Muhammed , Imhonopi Gloria Bosede , Adesoye Oluwaseun Opeyemi , Okeke Ifeyinwa Maureen , John Godwin ThankGod , Ayinla Abdulquadri Yeketi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Vaccines, including COVID-19 vaccines, are known to be cost-effective interventions for disease prevention and control. However, adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) may challenge the acceptance of these vaccines. This study assessed the prevalence and severity of COVID-19-related AEFI amongst healthcare workers at tertiary health facilities in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare workers who had received the COVID-19 vaccine. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select participants from six Tertiary Health Facilities in Nigeria. Ethical approval (NHREC/01/01/2007-19/07/2021) was obtained from NHREC. Data were analysed using IBM® SPSS version 25 and categorical variables were presented in tables/charts using frequencies and proportions.

Results:
A total of 2130 respondents participated in the study, with a mean age of 37.4 ± 9.1 years. Most of the respondents, 1674 (78.6%), had two doses of the vaccine, and the overall prevalence of AEFI was 813 (38.2%). Common among the AEFI reported following the administration of the first dose of the vaccine were fever 649 (30.5%) and pain at the injection site 644 (30.2%), while it was pain at the injection site 216 (10.1%) and fever 173 (8.1%) for second dose. The higher proportions of AEFI were mostly mild to moderate.

Conclusion:
The study observed a relatively low prevalence of AEFI, with the commonly reported ones being fever and injection site pain. It is crucial that countries continuously collect the data on AEFI and establish causality as a way to improve quality and guarantee vaccine safety.
Pengaruh Implementasi Aplikasi Sistem Keuangan Desa, Sistem Pengendalian Internal Pemerintah Desa dan Transparansi terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Desa pada Pemerintahan Desa di Kecamatan Klari Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Nuroniyah Rani Esa , Yanti  , Lasmini Lilis 
Published: February 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of village financial system application implementation, village government internal control system and transparency on the quality of village financial statements in village government in Klari District, Karawang Regency. The population in this study is 13 Village Governments in Klari District, Karwang Regency. The sampling technique used in this study was a saturated sampling technique, with samples taken as many as 100 respondents. The subject of this study was the village government apparatus in Klari sub-district. Data collection using questionnaires, To analyze the relationship between variables using PLS with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results showed that the implementation of village financial system applications and the village government's internal control system had a positive and significant effect on the quality of village financial statements. Meanwhile, transparency does not have a positive and significant effect on the quality of village financial reports.
Keywords: Village Financial System Implementation, Village Government Internal Control System, Transparency, Quality of Village Financial Statements
Quantity and Measure in Hegel’s Science of Logic
Authors: Houlgate Stephen 
Published: February 2024

Hegel on Being provides an authoritative treatment of Hegel’s entire logic of being. Stephen Houlgate presents the Science of Logic as an important and neglected text within Hegel’s oeuvre that should occupy a more significant place in the history of philisophy. In the Science of Logic, Hegel set forth a distinctive conception of the most fundamental forms of being through a close study of quality, quantity and measure. Exploring the full trajectory of Hegel's logic of being from quality to measure, this two-volumework by a preeminent Hegel scholar situates Hegel's text in relation to the work of Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Spinoza, Kant, and Frege.
Lucidly written, with characteristic philosophical depth and analysis, Houlgate’s Hegel on Being explicates one of Hegel’s most complex works, providing a vital reference for a generation of Hegel scholars and a major contribution to the literature on 19th-century German philosophy.
Consideraciones éticas para el uso académico de sistemas de Inteligencia Artificial
Authors: Aparicio Gómez Oscar Yecid , Aparicio Gómez William Oswaldo 
Published: February 2024

Este artículo explora las consideraciones éticas que rodean el uso de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la academia. Se establecen principios éticos generales para la IA en este ámbito, como la transparencia, la equidad, la responsabilidad, la privacidad y la integridad académica. En cuanto a la educación asistida por IA, se enfatiza la importancia de la accesibilidad, la no discriminación y la evaluación crítica de los resultados. Se recomienda que la IA se use para complementar y no para reemplazar la enseñanza tradicional. En cuanto al ámbito de la investigación, se hace énfasis en la necesidad de garantizar la calidad y la veracidad de los datos utilizados, así como la transparencia en los métodos y resultados. Se deben considerar los posibles sesgos y riesgos de la IA en la investigación. El artículo concluye que la adopción responsable de la IA en la academia requiere una reflexión crítica sobre sus implicaciones éticas. Se recomienda la creación de marcos éticos específicos para cada contexto y la participación de diversos actores en la toma de decisiones
A ABORDAGEM MULTIDISCIPLINAR DA SÍNDROME METABÓLICA E SEUS DESFECHOS CARDIOVASCULARES
Authors: Lopes Luiz Felipe Menezes , Cantal Ana Beatriz do Nascimento Miranda , Moreira João Pedro Ferreira Magalhaes , Gonçalves Carlos Eduardo Quintanilha , Araújo Ana Beatriz Keles Fonseca Assis de 
Published: February 2024

A síndrome metabólica é uma condição complexa caracterizada por uma combinação de fatores de risco cardiovascular, como obesidade abdominal, resistência à insulina, dislipidemia e hipertensão arterial. Sua abordagem demanda uma visão multidisciplinar, considerando a interconexão entre diferentes disciplinas, como endocrinologia, cardiologia, nutrição e epidemiologia. Essa abordagem integrada é essencial para compreender a complexidade da síndrome metabólica e seus desfechos cardiovasculares. Objetivo: A revisão sistemática de literatura visa explorar a pesquisa recente e consolidar o conhecimento existente sobre a relação entre a síndrome metabólica e os desfechos cardiovasculares. O objetivo é analisar criticamente os estudos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, destacando as descobertas mais relevantes e identificando lacunas no entendimento atual. Metodologia: A metodologia adotada segue as diretrizes do checklist PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). As bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science foram consultadas, utilizando os descritores "síndrome metabólica", "doenças cardiovasculares", "fatores de risco", "abordagem multidisciplinar" e "desfechos". Três critérios de inclusão foram aplicados: estudos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, focados em adultos e que abordassem a síndrome metabólica e seus desfechos cardiovasculares. Três critérios de exclusão foram adotados, considerando estudos em populações pediátricas, revisões de literatura e artigos com metodologia inadequada. Resultados: revelaram uma associação significativa entre a síndrome metabólica e o aumento do risco de eventos cardiovasculares, evidenciando a importância da abordagem multidisciplinar no seu manejo. A relação entre componentes específicos da síndrome metabólica e desfechos cardiovasculares também foi explorada, proporcionando insights valiosos para a prática clínica. Conclusão: destaca-se a necessidade contínua de pesquisa e intervenções integradas para enfrentar efetivamente essa síndrome e prevenir complicações cardiovasculares associadas.