bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“To Recover Self-Government”
Authors: Ferling John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The United States and France, allies since 1778, verged on a collision as Adams’ inauguration approached. Caught in a desperate war and convinced that the Jay Treaty signified a rapprochement with Great Britain, France announced in 1796 that it would not tolerate trade between the United States and Great Britain. Washington responded to the challenge by sending Charles Cotesworth Pinckney to Paris to seek an accommodation. Three days after he took office, President Adams learned not only that the Directory, the French government, had refused to accept Pinckney but that French depredations against American commerce were occurring on the high seas. President Adams had a full-blown crisis on his hands. He quickly summoned his cabinet to discuss the appropriate response.
“The Creed of Our Political Faith”
Authors: Ferling John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is a rare occasion when the president of the United States becomes invisible, but John Adams virtually disappeared after mid-December, when the National Intelligencer broke the news of his defeat. With eighty days remaining in his term, and power slipping from his hands, Adams was shunned by many within his party. The remainder of his vanishing act was his own doing, as he sequestered himself within the President’s House. Immobilized by what he called the “shower of ennui” that accompanied his shattering loss, and racked with grief over his late son and guilt over his own behavior toward him, Adams had almost lost interest in the presidency. He wished to see only those who were truly close to him, and he confided to nearly all with whom he spoke that he was desperately eager to leave for home. He took a daily walk along Penn-sylvania Avenue, if the weather permitted, and he and Abigail worshiped on Sunday mornings at the Anglican services in the House of Representatives chamber. Otherwise he remained out of sight, counting the days, as he put it, until he became “a farmer. John of Stony field and nothing more (I hope nothing less) for the rest of my life.” Above all, he said, he looked forward to escaping “all intrigues, and . . . all the great and little [political] passions that agitate the world.”
Integrating Health Promotion and Mental Health
Authors: Vandiver Vikki L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mental health systems are in a crucial transition period, thanks to the increasing prominence of health promotion therapy and a corresponding shift toward emphasizing wellness and empowerment, holistic and family-friendly design, and empirically supported treatment. Such changes demand adjustments to mental health education, and re-education, to maintain a common ground. The first book of its kind, Integrating Health Promotion and Mental Health presents a seamless framework for approaching contemporary mental health problems.
Using Health Promotion Principles To Guide Clinical and Community-Based Mental Health Assessments
Authors: Vandiver Vikki L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter continues to focus on the notion that health promotion principles are a guiding influence in mental health practice. Just as in policy development (Chapter 5), health promotion principles may be used as a means of influencing and directing mental health assessments. This chapter is intended to provide an in-depth review of various mental health assessment models/strategies derived from health promotion principles, with the understanding that these principles are the foundation of mental health assessment. Our chapter begins with a review of various definitions of assessment and discusses its various features—from evidence-based to culturally sensitive. Next, six health promotion principles (first introduced in Chapter 5) and their characteristics are matched to corresponding mental health assessment models and strategies. These include goal assessment using stages of change/motivational interviewing, health beliefs, substance abuse, bio psychosocial-cultural, asset-based, and community health assessment. Each of these models/strategies is accompanied by case examples. The chapter concludes with a summary of a focus group discussion held by consumers and family members who responded to the question: What kinds of information should mental health practitioners ask for during the assessment or intake portion of your first visit to the clinic?
Health Promotion Strategies For The Mental Health Needs of Children and Families
Authors: Vandiver Vikki L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Children and family mental health has become an increasingly important focus for providers and community leaders who represent community mental health, health, and social service agencies. Part of this interest is related to the maturing of health promotion perspectives in the field of adolescent mental health (Pederson et al., 1994) as well as an awareness of the importance of developing health promoting attitudes during adolescence. Additionally, research is moving away from a focus on the study of single problems (e.g., truancy) and toward examining clusters of problem behaviors (e.g., poverty, parenting needs). Despite this movement, knowledge is still needed about what constitutes a mental health condition for children, how to assess change in this condition, and approaches for helping children, families, and communities move beyond the diagnosis. One such approach is through the application of empirically supported health promotion strategies.
Models for Embryonic Respiration
Authors: Seymour Roger S , White Craig R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Modeling has been an important tool in physiology throughout its history. In respiration physiology, for example, almost a century ago, August Krogh modeled diffusion of oxygen from a capillary (Krogh 1919b). More recently, the models of Peter Scheid and Johannes Piiper set paradigms for comparative respiration in vertebrates (Scheid 1987). The present contribution attempts to demonstrate some of the roles that modeling plays in comparative developmental physiology, particularly in embryonic respiration. It discusses the types of models, presents the hierarchical levels of modeling, evaluates the applicability and limitations of each, and rationalizes different approaches of previous studies. It also breaks new ground by considering the dependence of embryonic respiration on oxygen partial pressure and by applying finite element analysis to complex geometries of oxygen delivery.
Physiology, Development, Genetics, and the Evolution of Phenotypic Plasticity: Studies with Butterfly Eyespots
Authors: Brakefield Paul M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Changes in genes and in developmental pathways generate the phenotypic variation that is sorted by natural selection in adaptive evolution. Thus, developmental processes translate genotypes into phenotypes and no one would doubt that development is central to evolution. The efforts of “evo-devo” proponents who are attempting to integrate evolutionary and developmental biology have gained great impetus with the expanding understanding of the mechanisms of development (Brakefield et al. 2003). However, developmental mechanisms do not account for the whole internal, generative process of translating genotypes into (adult) phenotypes; physiology plays a major role as well [figure 4.1(a)]. Physiological mechanisms are of course also crucial to understanding the maintenance of and reproductive activities of the adult phenotype once development has run its course.
The Physiological Basis for Metabolic Scaling in Animals: A Developing Perspective
Authors: Herbing Ione Hunt Von 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Few values in this world are as important as universal physical constants: gravity, the strong and weak nuclear forces, and electromagnetism. These values are so specific for the existence of life that if they were even a little different, the whole universe would have collapsed before life could have begun (Miller 2000). For over 200 years biologists have searched for a universal biological constant. The metabolic-mass scaling exponent of 0.75 has been nominated as a good candidate as it applies to organisms from microscopic bacteria to whales, a change of at least 21 orders of magnitude. If 0.75 does prove to be invariant across many orders of animal size, why is its invariance so important? What difference would discovering a universal constant make to our understanding of the relationship between metabolism and size in organisms? More importantly, would knowledge of a universal biological constant reveal fundamentally new principles or mechanisms for the control of patterns in the functional organization of organisms? Would this universal biological constant hold across all stages of development? Thousands of studies on hundreds of taxa, ranging over an enormous range in mass, have derived metabolic scaling relationships from adult organisms (specifically large mammals) (White and Seymour 2005) and adult fishes. Adult organisms undergo little or no developmental change in structure or in physiology. In fish, most structural and physiological development takes place at embryonic and larval stages. In these early life history stages, cellular, tissue, and whole-organ systems undergo dramatic transformations from simple, isolated metabolic units to highly complex, integrated functional systems.
Complexity Change during Physiological Development
Authors: Burggren Warren W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At the supramolecular level, at least, most animals start out “relatively simply”—a haploid egg is fertilized by a haploid sperm, resulting in a single diploid cell. While the rich heritage of that animal’s lineage is contained within this cell’s genetic template, the fertilized cell itself is simple in structure. From these humble beginnings arise the enormously complex adult forms containing several hundreds of cells of numerous types in some metazoans (e.g., C. elegans) to the hundreds of trillions of cells in large endothermic vertebrates. More impressive than sheer proliferation of cell number during development, however, is the increase in organismal complexity that occurs as the fertilized cell repeatedly divides to form differentiated cell types that move on to form tissues, then organs, and finally organ systems. Indeed, the combined wonders and travails of this developmental journey would seem to be reflected in the recurring theme for book titles on the subject—From Gene to Animal (De Pomerai 1985), From Egg to Embryo (Slack 1991), and From Conception to Birth (Tsiaras and Werth 2002). As is evident from the proliferation of not only scholarly works, but also coffee table and even children’s literature, there is clear and longstanding interest in the developmental journey of animals— where it starts, where it finishes, and the steps in between—as well as an appreciation for the increases in complexity that occur along this journey.
Primitive Emotions
Authors: Deigh John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Two facts about emotions stand out among the many that a theory of the subject ought to cover. The first is that emotions are intentional states in the sense that they are directed at something. Hope, for example, is a state of mind directed at a future condition or event. One hopes for sunny weather on the day of the picnic or calm seas on the day of the regatta. In this respect, hope is unlike giddiness or drowsiness, states of mind that can occur undi-rected at anything.
Emotions and Values
Authors: Deigh John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The film is a two-hour-long commentary on alienation in European society as it existed roughly twenty years after World War II, and the bleak scenery as well as the vacancy and despair of the main characters conveys disconsolation and discomfort about a world everywhere dominated by heavy industry and its pollutant effluence. The film opens with long shots of a massive, pipelined industrial plant, whose turbines are producing a deafening roar and whose smokestacks fill the air with filthy gas. Later, the director shifts to shots of country sides blotted by power poles and shorefronts made gunky by chemical waste.
Promises under Fire
Authors: Deigh John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the chapter’s introduction, Scanlon acknowledges the attractiveness of accounts like Hume’s and Rawls’s, on which the existence of social conven-tions that constitute the practice of promising is essential to generating the obligation to keep a promise. Although he once accepted these accounts, Scanlon no longer thinks they provide the best explanation of the wrong that one does when one wrongfully breaks a promise.
Moral Agency and Criminal Insanity
Authors: Deigh John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Horrifying crimes often seem incomprehensible. Their monstrous charac-ter and gruesome consequences freeze our thoughts, leaving us at a loss to explain how a human being could act with such wanton or heartless vio-lence. Stunned at the horror of such action, we may begin to form the idea of a malign will bent on causing death and destruction and then invest this idea with the intense fear and revulsion that the horror excites. Thus, from a powerful mix of feelings, an idea of an evil will can take hold of our imagina-tion and suggest an explanation of what otherwise seems inexplicable.
Liberalism and Freedom
Authors: Deigh John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One can only marvel at how much of modern political philosophy Rousseau crystallized in these twelve words. It is the birth right of every human being to be free, and it is the task of political philosophy to find an arrangement of the institutions and practices of political society that will secure that right for each of its members. A society that falls short of this ideal is an unjust society. It denies some of its members this right. It keeps them in chains.
Introduction
Authors: Feldman Martha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When the twelfth-century courtier and churchman Walter Map exclaimed on the baffling nature of the court, he drew attention to a clutch of problems: “ ‘What the court is, God knows, I know not,’ it is so ‘changeable and various.’ “1 The same condition that exasperated Map endured into early modern Europe, from the macrocosmic variations in a court’s residence and personnel to the microcosmic mutability of the courtier’s own selfhood. The efficacy of courtiership depended on the courtier’s versatility in serving whoever his prince happened to be with whatever manner of courtesy, skill, and style was needed, whether in warfare, arts, letters, speech, or manners.
On Locating the Courtesan in Italian Lyric: Distance and the Madrigal Texts of Costanzo Festa
Authors: Flosi Justin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In The Gay Science, Friedrich Nietzsche writes, “The magic and most powerful effect of women is, in philosophical language, action at a distance, actio in distans; but this requires first of all and above all—distance.”1 Jacques Derrida’s reading of Nietzsche underscores this effect: “A woman seduces from a distance. In fact, distance is the very element of her power. Yet one must beware to keep one’s own distance from her beguiling song of enchantment.”2 Derrida stresses action at a distance as intimately and essentially musical, a sympathetic vibration, a song. On this view a singing courtesan is doubly desirable, and openly courts desire, especially in the courtly urban salons of Renaissance Italy, where an amorous aesthetic so totally dominated by the Petrarchan poetics of loss relegated woman to an institutionalized absence. There, the paradox of action at a distance is personified in the form of the courtesan’s voice. In the context of a poetics that denied them utterance, courtesans managed to modify conventional models and engage in meaningful lyric expression. In this essay I explore the problem of voice and address in a single large corpus of madrigals from the 1520s and 1530s set to music by Costanzo Festa (1485–1540), an early master of the Italian madrigal, in a project I call “locating the courtesan.” The courtesan appears in Festa’s madrigal texts as addressee and speaker, and possibly even as author (three anonymous texts are written in the female voice). My study considers a more generalized musical representation of the courtesan’s voice than De Rycke’s (chap. 5), and rather than focusing on what she might have sung interrogates musical and poetic constructions both of and by her.
Defaming the Courtesan: Satire and Invective in Sixteenth-Century Italy
Authors: Quaintance Courtney 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Pietro Aretino’s fictitious Dialogo set in sixteenth-century Rome, Nanna, a veteran courtesan, cautions her young daughter regarding the inherent dangers in taking a literary man as a lover: “If there is a scholar present, approach him with a cheerful face, showing that you esteem him even more than the lord of the house . . . Why, all you need is for one of these types to write a book against you, and for the whole city to be gossiping about those dreadful things that men know how to say about women!” Nanna’s concerns would not have been unfounded, since in sixteenth-century Italy, satiric poems, invectives, and dialogues on the vices of courtesans abounded.
Introduction
Authors: Blakeman Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Amazingly, it arrived. Someone in the Paris postal service was able to supply the precise address — 8 avenue Gourgaud — and scribble it on the envelope. Fame indeed! By that date, the day after his fifty-second birthday, Paul Taffanel was a renowned public figure: not only professor of flute at the Paris Conservatoire but also chief conductor of both the Opéra and the Société des concerts du Conservatoire. As both flutist and conductor he had recently taken part in the golden jubilee concert of his great friend Camille Saint-Saëns. In particular, he had played the piece that for so many years he had made his own: Saint-Saëns’s lyrical Romance for flute.
Early Life
Authors: Blakeman Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Legend has it that all the branches of the Taffanel family stem from seven brothers who lived in the Midi region of France in the eighteenth century. Certainly the family can be traced back three generations before Paul Taffanel to a brother and sister, Antoine and Anne.1 Antoine Taffanel, who came from Port-de-Peine in the Lot, had a son Bernard who married Anne’s daughter (his first cousin) Magdeleine Nadouze on 12 February 1797. They had at least three children: a daughter, Joanni, and two sons, Emile and Simon-Jules. Magdeleine died sometime before 1839, but Bernard lived on for another ten years, so Paul Taffanel as a very young boy may have had some recollections of his paternal grandfather.
The Conservatoire and After
Authors: Blakeman Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Paris Conservatoire as Saint-Saëns remembered it from his student days in the late 1840s was essentially the same when Taffanel arrived a decade or so later. Its foundation dated from 1795, in the aftermath of the French Revolution, when it had the joint aims of training singers for the Paris Opéra and military musicians for the army. The general scope had widened considerably by 1860, but the fundamental distinction between military and civil students still remained, although they were not segregated. The Conservatoire on its original site at the intersection of the faubourg Poissonnière and the rue Bergère in the ninth arrondissement was chiefly noted for the superb acoustics of its concert hall — the venue for the annual examinations and the home of the orchestra of the Société des concerts du Conservatoire.
New Beginnings
Authors: Blakeman Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For the sake of eﬀect and a good story, both Rolland and Saint-Saëns exaggerated the prewar musical situation in France. However, the political upheaval of 1870 – 71 undoubtedly engendered a new musical nationalism and seriousness of artistic purpose in the emerging Third Republic. On 25 February 1871, in the immediate aftermath of the Siege of Paris, Saint-Saëns, Romain Bussine, and a few other like-minded musicians founded the Société nationale de musique. Its motto, Ars gallica, proclaimed the intention to foster the composition and performance of French symphonic and chamber music.
Composing for the Flute
Authors: Blakeman Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An excursion to the provincial town of Béthune, near Calais, with several musician colleagues to play for the local Philharmonic Society in May 1874 brought the young Vincent d’Indy (he was twenty-three) once again into contact with Taffanel. This time, instead of just hearing him play, d’Indy accompanied Taffanel on the piano. He wrote a long and lively letter about the whole experience to his half sister, Marie, amused by the Mignon fantaisie and scandalized to discover that the audience went wild after it, whereas they had received the serious items on the program by Mozart and Weber with only polite enthusiasm: “Oh audience!” The letter also provides a rare description of Taffanel at his most relaxed and playful.
Learning as an Adaptive Response to Predation
Authors: Brown Grant E , Chivers Douglas P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An individual’s response to local predation risk is shaped by the conflicting demands of predator avoidance and the benefits associated with a suite of fitness-related behaviors, such as foraging, mating, and territorial defense. In this chapter, we argue that this form of threat-sensitive trade-off can be optimized by prey that rely on learning as an adaptive response to predation, rather than fixed (i.e., innate) avoidance of all potential predation threats. A reliance on learning to recognize predation threats allows individuals increased flexibility to deal with variable predation pressures throughout their lives. In this review, we describe recent work examining (a) the selection for learning as an adaptive response, (b) mechanisms leading to the learned recognition of novel predators, (c) the enhancement of learning in intra- and interspecific groups, and (d) biological and ecological constraints that can inhibit the acquisition of information. Throughout this chapter we highlight a number of outstanding questions that need consideration from ecologists.
Predator-Prey Space Use as an Emergent Outcome of a Behavioral Response Race
Authors: Sih Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Key to the interaction of predator and prey is their use of space (patch use, habitat use). The pattern of spatial overlap between predators and prey affects their encounter rates, predation rates, and, ultimately, predator-prey population and community dynamics. Hundreds of studies have shown that prey tend to avoid areas with more predators. Prey and predators would, then, be negatively associated. Conversely, numerous studies taking a predator perspective have shown that predators tend to prefer areas with more prey-a positive spatial association. These responses clearly conflict. Interestingly, a recent review found that surprisingly few theoretical or empirical studies have examined how the interplay between predator and prey behavioral responses to each other determines patterns of predator-prey spatial overlap (Lima 2002). Instead, theoretical and experimental studies on predator prey behaviors typically hold one side fixed (e.g., using caged predators or immobile prey), in order to focus on the behavior of the other. In nature, in many systems, both predators and prey are mobile and have the potential to engage in a behavioral response race. If prey win the race, the outcome is a negative spatial association between the two, whereas, if predators win, the result is a positive spatial association. The goal of this chapter is to provide an overview of factors that might influence the outcome of this race.