bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling heart rate of individual and team manual handling with one hand using generalized additive mixed models
Authors: Hosseini Mohammad Hamed , Heidarimoghaddam Rashid , Anbarian Mehrdad , Ilbeigi Saeed , Tapak Leili 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Despite the fact that team manual handling is common in different working environments, the previous studies in this regard, particularly those with a physiological approach are quite limited. The present study is an attempt to model the heart rate (HR) of individual and team manual handling with one hand.

Methods
Twenty-five young men (aged 21.24±1.42 year) volunteered for this study. The experiments included individual and two-person handling of the load with three different weights with and without height difference. The participants’ HR was registered at the end of the route by a chest-strap pulse monitor and a polar watch according to the manufacturer's recommendation. A multivariate Generalized Additive Mixed Model (MGAMM) was used for modeling heart rate based on explanatory variables of workload, carry method, HRrest, body weight, height, knee height, shoulder height, elbow height, and hand height. The significance level of the tests was considered as <0.05.

Results
Based on the MGAMM, the average HR (bpm) of participants increased as the workload increased (P<0.001). Handling the load with a taller person increased the HR compared to shorter partner (P<0.001). Moreover, the nonlinear associations of the resting HR (P<0.001), body weight (P<0.001), height (P<0.001), and the height of elbow, hand and knee (P<0.001) were statistically significant. The adjusted R2 of the model was 0.89 indicating that about 90 percent of the variations observed in HR could be explained by the variables in the model. This was greater than the model considering only linear effects (R2 =0.60).

Conclusion
The model obtained in this study can predict the heart rate of individual and team one-handed handling with high validity. The MGAMM can be used in modeling heart rate in manual handling.
An epidemiological survey of COVID-19 serology and its association with clinical infection among older adults– does antibody titer matter?
Authors: Shapiro Dvorah Sara , Ellis Refael , Zidan Jowad , Wiener-Well Yonit , Bar-Meir Maskit , Ben-Chetrit Eli 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Older adults are at increased risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study we assessed the response to COVID-19 vaccination and infection rates among nursing homes (NH) and assisted-living care home (ALCH) residents.

Methods
The study was conducted between August 2021 and January 2022, after widespread population vaccination with the third dose of Pfizer-BioNtech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in Israel. Three groups were addressed: hospitalized older patients; NH and ALCH residents. Demographic data, COVID-19 serology (anti-spike IgG antibodies) and PCR test results were obtained to assess the dynamics of antibody titers and its correlation to infection rates.

Results
Two-hundred eighty-five individuals were evaluated; 92 hospitalized patients; 100 ALCH residents and 93 NH residents. In the latter two groups two serology surveys were conducted three months apart. Hospitalized patients were younger than ALCH and NH residents (mean age 80.4 ± 8 versus 82.6 ± 8 and 83.6 ± 5, respectively, p = 0.01), and had more comorbidities (p = 0.003). The degree of decline in the antibody level overtime was similar in ALCH and NH residents. Infection rates were higher among NH residents than ALCH residents [35/91 (38.4%) versus 11/100 (11%), p < 0.001]. Antibody level was lower among those infected [2113 (1271–3512) Au/ml versus 4113 (3364–5029) Au/ml, p < 0.001]. Adjusted analysis showed that NH residence, but not antibody levels, were significantly associated with infection.

Conclusion
Among older adults, infection rates inversely correlated with antibody level. However, only nursing home residence was significantly associated with infection, suggesting that other factors such as crowding considerably contribute to the risk of infection.
Isoenzyme characterization of Leishmania infantum toward checking the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase
Authors: Alishvandi¹ Mostafa , Bahrami Somayeh , Rashidi Sajad , Hatam Gholamreza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Leishmania infantum is the major causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis in Mediterranean regions. Isoenzyme electrophoresis (IE), as a biochemical technique, is applied in the characterization of Leishmania species. The current study attempted to investigate the isoenzyme patterns of logarithmic and stationary promastigotes and axenic amastigotes (amastigote-like) of L. infantum using IE. The antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) was also checked in the aforementioned forms.

Method
After L. infantum cultivation and obtaining logarithmic and stationary promastigotes, axenic amastigotes were achieved by incubation of stationary promastigotes at 37 °C for 48 h. The lysate samples were prepared and examined for six enzymatic systems including glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), nucleoside hydrolase 1 (NH1), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glucose-phosphate isomerase (GPI), malic enzyme (ME), and phosphoglucomutase (PGM). Additionally, the antioxidant activity of SOD and GPX was measured.

Results
GPI, MDH, NH1, and G6PD enzymatic systems represented different patterns in logarithmic and stationary promastigotes and axenic amastigotes of L. infantum. PGM and ME showed similar patterns in the aforementioned forms of parasite. The highest level of SOD activity was determined in the axenic amastigote form and GPX activity was not detected in different forms of L. infantum.

Conclusion
The characterization of leishmanial-isoenzyme patterns and the measurement of antioxidant activity of crucial antioxidant enzymes, including SOD and GPX, might reveal more information in the biology, pathogenicity, and metabolic pathways of Leishmania parasites and consequently drive to designing novel therapeutic strategies in leishmaniasis treatment.
Personalized decision-making for aneurysm treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: development and validation of a clinical prediction tool
Authors: de Winkel Jordi , Roozenbeek Bob , Dijkland Simone A. , Dammers Ruben , van Doormaal Pieter-Jan , van der Jagt Mathieu , van Klaveren David , Dippel Diederik W. J. , Lingsma Hester F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
In patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage suitable for endovascular coiling and neurosurgical clip-reconstruction, the aneurysm treatment decision-making process could be improved by considering heterogeneity of treatment effect and durability of treatment. We aimed to develop and validate a tool to predict individualized treatment benefit of endovascular coiling compared to neurosurgical clip-reconstruction.

Methods
We used randomized data (International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial, n = 2143) to develop models to predict 2-month functional outcome and to predict time-to-rebleed-or-retreatment. We modeled for heterogeneity of treatment effect by adding interaction terms of treatment with prespecified predictors and with baseline risk of the outcome. We predicted outcome with both treatments and calculated absolute treatment benefit. We described the patient characteristics of patients with ≥ 5% point difference in the predicted probability of favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Score 0–2) and of no rebleed or retreatment within 10 years. Model performance was expressed with the c-statistic and calibration plots. We performed bootstrapping and leave-one-cluster-out cross-validation and pooled cluster-specific c-statistics with random effects meta-analysis.

Results
The pooled c-statistics were 0.72 (95% CI: 0.69–0.75) for the prediction of 2-month favorable functional outcome and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.63–0.71) for prediction of no rebleed or retreatment within 10 years. We found no significant interaction between predictors and treatment. The average predicted benefit in favorable functional outcome was 6% (95% CI: 3–10%) in favor of coiling, but 11% (95% CI: 9–13%) for no rebleed or retreatment in favor of clip-reconstruction. 134 patients (6%), young and in favorable clinical condition, had negligible functional outcome benefit of coiling but had a ≥ 5% point benefit of clip-reconstruction in terms of durability of treatment.

Conclusions
We show that young patients in favorable clinical condition and without extensive vasospasm have a negligible benefit in functional outcome of endovascular coiling – compared to neurosurgical clip-reconstruction – while at the same time having a substantially lower probability of retreatment or rebleeding from neurosurgical clip-reconstruction – compared to endovascular coiling. The SHARP prediction tool (https://sharpmodels.shinyapps.io/sharpmodels/) could support and incentivize a multidisciplinary discussion about aneurysm treatment decision-making by providing individualized treatment benefit estimates.
The association of E2F1 and E2F2 single nucleotide polymorphisms with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma pathomorphological features
Authors: Jakstas Tomas , Bartnykaite Agne , Padervinskis Evaldas , Vegiene Aurelija , Juozaityte Elona , Uloza Virgilijus , Ugenskiene Rasa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most common types of cancer in the upper respiratory tract. It is well-known that it has a high mortality rate and poor prognosis in advanced stages. There are well-known risk factors for LSCC, though new specific and prognostic blood-based markers for LSCC development and prognosis are essential. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of four different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), E2F1 (rs3213183 and rs3213180) and E2F2 (rs2075993 and rs3820028), on LSCC development, morphological features, and patient 5-year survival rate.

Methods
A total of 200 LSCC patients and 200 controls were included in this study; both groups were matched by age and sex. In the present study, we analyzed four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes E2F1 (rs3213183 and rs3213180) and E2F2 (rs2075993 and rs3820028) and evaluated their associations with the risk of LSCC development, its clinical and morphological manifestation, and patients 5-year survival rate. Genotyping was carried out using RT-PCR.

Results
None of the analyzed SNPs showed a direct association with LSCC development. E2F2 rs2075993 G allele carriers (OR = 4.589, 95% CI 1.050-20.051, p = 0.043) and rs3820028 A allele carriers (OR = 4.750, 95% CI 1.088–20.736, p = 0.038) had a statistically significantly higher risk for poor differentiated or undifferentiated LSCC than non-carriers. E2F1 rs3213180 GC heterozygotes were found to have a 3.7-fold increased risk for lymph node involvement (OR = 3.710, 95% CI 1.452–9.479, p = 0.006). There was no statistically significant association between investigated SNPs and patient 5-year survival rate.

Conclusions
The present study indicates that E2F2 rs2075993 and rs3820028 impact LSCC differentiation, whereas E2F1 rs3213180 - on lymph node involvement.
Intergenerational effects of child maltreatment on adolescents’ anxiety and depression in Ethiopia: the important mediating and moderating roles of current psychological distress
Authors: Mihret Amare Misganaw , Heinrichs Nina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Child abuse is widespread around the world, and one continent with particularly high rates is Africa. Research in high- and middle-income countries shows the cascading effect of parental history of child abuse and neglect on adolescents’ maltreatment and, in turn, on mental health problems. This cascade has been reported in young children but has rarely been studied in parent-adolescent dyads or in low-income countries (LICs). The goal of this study was to test intergenerational associations of child abuse and neglect and to examine how these experiences are in turn associated with youth anxiety and depression in an LIC.

Methods
A total of 231 adolescents (age: 13–21 years) and 185 of their parents (n = 90 fathers and n = 95 mothers) were recruited from secondary schools in Addis Abeba, Ethiopia. Using a cross-sectional design, participants completed a set of questionnaires assessing child maltreatment (in adolescence and own past history in parents), parental psychological distress, youth depression and anxiety, and sociodemographic factors.

Results
The frequencies of child maltreatment exposure were 68% for adolescents and 65% for their parents (when they were a child). Fifty-one percent and 42% of adolescents had borderline to clinical levels of anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. Adolescents of parents with a history of child abuse and neglect also reported higher exposure to maltreatment themselves (p < 0.001). Current paternal, but not maternal, psychological distress mediated this intergenerational association of maltreatment experiences (95% CI [1.164, 9.467]). We further found parents’ psychological distress to be a significant moderator of the indirect pathways of the intergenerational effect of child maltreatment on adolescents’ anxiety and depression (95% CI [− 0.770, − 0.012]).

Conclusions
We found child maltreatment to be intergenerationally associated, and this effect subsequently affected adolescents’ anxiety and depression through different pathways supporting the cascading effects across generations. Intervention plans may be effective through an array of possible indirect pathways and encourage the implementation of multiple access points to facilitate change in the lives of affected youth in Africa.
Can equity in care be achieved for stigmatized patients? Discourses of ideological dilemmas in perioperative care
Authors: Härgestam Maria , Lindgren Lenita , Jacobsson Maritha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
In the perioperative care of individuals with obesity, it is imperative to consider the presence of risk factors that may predispose them to complications. Providing optimal care in such cases proves to be a multifaceted challenge, significantly distinct from the care required for non-obese patients. However, patients with morbidities regarded as self-inflicted, such as obesity, described feelings of being judged and discriminated in healthcare. At the same time, healthcare personnel express difficulties in acting in an appropriate and non-insulting way. In this study, the aim was to analyse how registered nurse anaesthetists positioned themselves regarding obese patients in perioperative care.

Methods
We used discursive psychology to analyse how registered nurse anaesthetists positioned themselves toward obese patients in perioperative care, while striving to provide equitable care. The empirical material was drawn from interviews with 15 registered nurse anaesthetists working in a hospital in northern Sweden.

Results
Obese patients were described as “untypical”, and more “resource-demanding” than for the “normal” patient in perioperative care. This created conflicting feelings, and generated frustration directed toward the patients when the care demanded extra work that had not been accounted for in the schedules created by the organization and managers.

Conclusions
Although the intention of these registered nurse anaesthetists was to offer all patients equitable care, the organization did not always provide the necessary resources. This contributed to the registered nurse anaesthetists either consciously or unconsciously blaming patients who deviated from the “norm”.
Association of plasma angiogenin with risk of major cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gurung Resham L. , Liu Sylvia , Liu Jian-Jun , M. Yiamunaa , Zheng Huili , Chan Clara , Ang Keven , Subramaniam Tavintharan , Sum Chee Fang , Lim Su Chi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Angiogenin, an enzyme belonging to the ribonucleases A superfamily, plays an important role in vascular biology. Here, we sought to study the association of plasma angiogenin and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods
This prospective study included 1083 T2D individuals recruited from a secondary hospital and a primary care facility. The primary outcome was a composite of four-point MACE (nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, unstable angina pectoris leading to hospitalization and cardiovascular death). Circulating angiogenin was measured by a proximity extension assay. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association of baseline plasma angiogenin with the risk of MACE.

Results
During a median follow-up of 9.3 years, 109 (10%) MACE were identified. Plasma angiogenin was significantly higher in participants with MACE than in those without MACE (P < 0.001). Doubling of plasma angiogenin concentration was associated with a 3.10-fold (95% CI 1.84–5.22) increased risk for MACE. The association was only moderately attenuated after adjustment for demographic and cardiometabolic risk factors (adjusted HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.34–4.23) and remained statistically significant after additional adjustment for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (uACR) (adjusted HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.02–3.53). A consistent outcome was obtained when plasma angiogenin was analysed as a categorical variable in tertiles.

Conclusions
Plasma angiogenin was associated with the risk of future cardiovascular events in patients with T2D and may be a promising novel biomarker for identifying high-risk T2D patients for early management.
Policy implementation deviation of government purchase of old age care services in Jiangsu, China: based on empirical and policy analysis
Authors: Chen Hongli , Zhao Yue , Huang Hongxin , Xing Ying , Yin Yueheng , Shan Enfang , Cheng Daoxiang , Sun Yanjian , Li Xianwen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Government purchase of social forces to participate in old age care services can release the burden of social care. Current research on performance evaluation in this field mainly focussed on the establishment of appropriate evaluation indices. However, discussion on the policy implementation deviation is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of China’s local government purchase of old age care services, analyse the characteristics of related policies and explore their deviation.

Methods
The persons who participated in the Training of the Trainer (ToT) organized by the Red Cross Society were enrolled. The policy documents were obtained from the official websites. The K-means cluster was used to determine the project performance grades. We compared the project performance grades between service objects and undertakers with different characteristics utilizing the non-parametric test. Based on the framework of ‘Collaborative Participation – Project Performance Objective’, we analysed the content of relevant policy aiding by NVivo 12.

Results
Data of project performance were collected from 306 participants. The standardized mean score of the efficiency dimension was the lowest (0.70 ± 0.24). The projects were divided into four grades: poor (17.0%), average (27.5%), good (12.4%) and excellent (43.1%). There were statistically significant differences in project performance grades only between advanced ageing groups (Z = 2.429, P = 0.015). As well, the policy also mentioned that the services focus should be tilted towards the oldest old. The purchasers mainly involved the Ministry of Civil Affairs and Health management departments in the policy. Respite services were less mentioned in the responsibilities of the undertakers. The requirement for efficiency and effectiveness was mentioned in less than half of the policy documents.

Conclusion
Policy attention is needed for the responsibilities and functions of the intermediate purchasing force, as well as more precise directions and responsibilities of undertakers. The purchasers and undertakers should improve management abilities and capacity of old age care services and focus on associated factors to achieve the best marginal benefit. In addition, the embedded performance evaluation needs to be updated periodically to bridge the deviation between policy implementation and policy formulation.
Biomechanical comparison of static and dynamic cervical plates in terms of the bone fusion, tissue degeneration, and implant behavior
Authors: Chung Tzu-Tsao , Hueng Dueng-Yuan , Lin Shang-Chih 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Using an anterior cervical fixation device in the anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) has evolved to various systems of static and dynamic cervical plates (SCP and DCP). Dynamic cervical plates have been divided into three categories: the rotational (DCP-R), translational (DCP-T), and hybrid (DCP-H) joints. However, little studies have been devoted to systematically investigate the biomechanical differences of dynamic cervical plates.

Materials and methods
The biomechanical tests of load-deformation properties and failure modes between the SCP and DCP systems are implemented first by using the UHMWPE blocks as the vertebral specimens. The CT-based C2-C7 model simulates the strategies of cervical plate in ACDF surgery is developed with finite-element analyses. One intact, one SCP and two DCP systems are evaluated for their biomechanical properties of bone fusion and tissue responses.

Results
In the situation of biomechanical test, The mean values of the five ACDSP constructs are 393.6% for construct stiffness (p < 0.05) and 183.0% for the first yielding load (p < 0.05) less than those of the SCP groups, respectively. In the situation of finite-element analysis, the rigid-induced ASD is more severe for the SCP, followed by the DCP-H, and the DCP-R is the least.

Discussion and conclusions
Considering the degenerative degree of the adjacent segments and osteoporotic severity of the instrumented segments is necessary while using dynamic system. The mobility and stability of the rotational and translational joints are the key factors to the fusion rate and ASD progression. If the adjacent segments have been degenerative, the more flexible system can be adopted to compensate the constrained mobility of the ACDF segments. In the situation of the osteoporotic ACDF vertebrae, the stiffer system is recommended to avoid the cage subsidence.