bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The indirect effects of self‐regulation on the association of social support with increased protective drinking behavior and decreased alcohol problems in a predominantly Hispanic college student sample
Authors: Sanchez‐Garciaguirre Aitiana I. , Najera Sarah N. , Portillo Erin M. , Field Craig A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundResearch suggests that self‐regulation, which refers to one's ability to manage a behavior, and social support are related to alcohol use. Other research suggests that social support may serve as a precursor to self‐regulation and health‐promoting behaviors. We examined whether self‐regulation has an indirect effect on the association between social support and both protective drinking behaviors and alcohol problems.MethodsA random sample of students at a Hispanic Serving Institution completed an online survey, which included sociodemographic questions, the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, the Short Self‐Regulation Questionnaire, the Protective Behavioral Strategies (PBS) Scale, and the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index. Undergraduate students (n = 192) who reported drinking in the last month were included in the analysis. A path analysis using Mplus8 was conducted to investigate the relationships among social support, self‐regulation, PBS, and alcohol‐related problems.ResultsThe sample was mostly female (58.9) and of Hispanic ethnicity (89.6). Analyses showed that social support had a significant positive association with PBS and a significant negative association with alcohol‐related problems. When self‐regulation was added to the models, these associations were no longer significant, and self‐regulation had a significant indirect effect on the relationship between social support and both PBS and alcohol‐related problems.ConclusionsThe results of the current cross‐sectional study suggest that a viable hypothesis in future longitudinal studies is that self‐regulation is a mechanism by which social support increases PBS and reduces alcohol problems. Future research should assess longitudinally both the mediating effects of self‐regulation between social support and drinking outcomes and potential moderators, such as ethnicity.
Improving electrotactile communication with a multi‐pad electrode under cognitive load
Authors: Jure Fabricio A. , Spaich Erika G. , Petrini Laura , Malešević Jovana , Kostić Miloš , Štrbac Matija , Došen Strahinja 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundElectrotactile systems are compact interfaces that can be used to convey information through the skin by producing a range of haptic sensations. In many applications, however, the user needs to perceive and interpret haptic stimulation while being engaged in parallel activities. Developing methods that ensure reliable recognition of electrotactile messages despite additional cognitive load is, therefore, an important step for the practical application of electrotactile displays.MethodsThis study investigated if a simple strategy of repeating electrotactile messages can improve message identification during multitasking. Ten participants identified 36 spatiotemporal electrotactile messages delivered through a 3 × 2 pad–matrix electrode placed on the torso while performing a concomitant cognitive task in three conditions: the messages were presented once (No‐REP), and each message was repeated three (REP3) and five (REP5) times. The main outcome measure was the success rate (SR) of message identification.ResultsDuring multitasking, in the No‐REP condition, the SR (median (IQR)) dropped to 56.25% (22.62%), demonstrating that the cognitive task decreased performance. However, the SR significantly improved with message repetitions, reaching 72.92% (21.87%) and 81.25% (18.66%) in REP3 and REP5 conditions respectively, without a statistically significant difference between REP3 and REP5.ConclusionsMultitasking affected the efficacy of haptic communication, but message repetition was shown to be an effective strategy for improving performance. Additionally, only three repetitions were enough, as an additional increase in the duration of message transmission (5 repetitions) did not lead to further improvement. This study is an important step toward delivering electrotactile communication that can cope with the demands of real‐world applications.
Welfare analysis of bank mergers with financial instability
Authors: Ino Akio , Matsuki Yusuke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, we analyze the effect of a merger between banks by extending a structural model of the banking industry with the possibility of bank runs developed by Egan et al. (2017; American Economic Review, 107, 169–216). We use our framework to analyze whether the 2008 merger between Wells Fargo and Wachovia was beneficial for social welfare. The results suggest that the stability of the financial system is critical for evaluating mergers in the banking industry.
Decision tree‐based identification of important molecular fragments for protein‐ligand binding
Authors: Li Baiyi , Wang Yunsong , Yin Zuode , Xu Lei , Xie Liangxu , Xu Xiaojun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFragment‐based drug design is an emerging technology in pharmaceutical research and development. One of the key aspects of this technology is the identification and quantitative characterization of molecular fragments. This study presents a strategy for identifying important molecular fragments based on molecular fingerprints and decision tree algorithms and verifies its feasibility in predicting protein‐ligand binding affinity. Specifically, the three‐dimensional (3D) structures of protein‐ligand complexes are encoded using extended‐connectivity fingerprints (ECFP), and three decision tree models, namely Random Forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM, are used to quantitatively characterize the feature importance, thereby extracting important molecular fragments with high reliability. Few‐shot learning reveals that the extracted molecular fragments contribute significantly and consistently to the binding affinity even with a small sample size. Despite the absence of location and distance information for molecular fragments in ECFP, 3D visualization, in combination with the reverse ECFP process, shows that the majority of the extracted fragments are located at the binding interface of the protein and the ligand. This alignment with the distance constraints critical for binding affinity further supports the reliability of the strategy for identifying important molecular fragments.
The contribution of metal allergy to the failure of metal alloy implants, with special reference to titanium: Current knowledge and controversies
Authors: Huang Chenghao , Chiang Shu Yu Vanessa , Gawkrodger David J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAfter almost three‐quarters of a century during which contact dermatologists have often struggled to comprehend the relationship between metal allergy and failure of metal‐alloy containing implant, it is possible to say that a relationship does exist, particularly for cobalt and chromium, but also for nickel. There is still debate as to whether allergy develops as a consequent of failure but thenceforth contributes to it, or whether sensitisation starts first and induces failure secondarily—opinion probably favours the first. Metal‐on‐polypropylene articulations were associated with few metal allergic problems but now are less favoured by orthopaedists due to plastic wear products causing osteolysis and pseudotumour formation through local inflammation. New metal alloys are regularly being introduced such that interested dermatologists need to stay on top of the situation. The jury is still out as to whether the recent favouring of titanium‐containing alloys will confirm them to be more inert allergenically. Case reports do show some clinical reactions to titanium‐containing implants and patch test series have inferred sometimes quite a high background rate of allergy, but interpretation must be tempered by the awareness that titanium salts on patch testing have a tendency to cause irritant reactions. Blood monitoring of metal ion values is now recommended in certain situations after joint replacement and increasing levels may be an indication that allergy with joint failure can develop, in which case patch testing is indicated, and suggested series are available. Predictive patch testing, whilst generally not recommended in the past, has been introduced into some protocols often by non‐dermatologists, such that it is now needed for temporo‐mandibular joint and Nuss bar insertion, and it can be anticipated that this may become more commonplace in the future. One of the major current deficits for patch testers is standardised guidance on which preparation or preparations to use for suspected titanium allergy. One suggestion is 0.5% titanium sulphate in petrolatum, though experience in at least one centre suggests the use of a battery of titanium salts might be desirable.
Relevance and the Role of Labels in Categorization
Authors: Gervits Felix , Johanson Megan , Papafragou Anna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLanguage has been shown to influence the ability to form categories. Nevertheless, in most prior work, the effects of language could have been bolstered by the fact that linguistic labels were introduced by the experimenter prior to the categorization task in ways that could have highlighted their relevance for the task. Here, we compared the potency of labels to that of other non‐linguistic cues on how people categorized novel, perceptually ambiguous natural kinds (e.g., flowers or birds). Importantly, we varied whether these cues were explicitly presented as relevant to the categorization task. In Experiment 1, we compared labels, numbers, and symbols: One group of participants was told to pay attention to these cues because they would be helpful (Relevant condition), a second group was told that the cues were irrelevant and should be ignored (Irrelevant condition), and a third group was told nothing about the cues (Neutral condition). Even though task relevance affected overall reliance on cues during categorization, participants were more likely to use labels to determine category boundaries, compared to numbers or symbols. In Experiments 2 and 3, we replicated and fine‐tuned the advantage of labels in more stringent categorization tasks. These results offer novel evidence for the position that labels offer unique indications of category membership, compared to non‐linguistic cues.
Developing and exploring the validity of a patient reported experience measure for adult inpatient diabetes care
Authors: Kozlowska Olga , Tallett Amy , Bond Samuel , Mansbridge Sarah E. , Aveyard Helen , Jenkinson Crispin , Dudbridge Alexander , McRobert Nicky , Lumb Alistair , Rea Rustam , Tan Garry D. , Walthall Helen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo develop and explore the validity of a Patient Reported Experience Measure (PREM) for adult inpatient diabetes care.Method27 in‐depth interviews were conducted to inform the development of the 42‐item PREM which was cognitively tested with 10 people. A refined 38‐item PREM was piloted with 228 respondents completing a paper (n = 198) or online (n = 30) version. The performance of the PREM was evaluated by exploring (i) uptake/number of responses and (ii) survey validity by investigating whether the PREM data were of adequate quality and delivered useful information.ResultsThe PREM had low drop‐out or missing data rates suggesting it was appropriately constructed. Analysis of item frequencies and variances, and problem score calculations concluded that questions provided sufficient score differentiation.ConclusionsThis new PREM allows for experiences of inpatient diabetes care to be measured, understood and reported on to help identify priority areas for improving care quality.
A preliminary study on the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms and methylation of dopamine system‐related genes with psychotic symptoms in patients with methamphetamine use disorder
Authors: Fang Ting , Liu Meng‐Nan , Liu Meng‐Qi , Tian Xiao‐Yu , Zhang Xiao‐Jie , Liu Feng , Hao Wei , Wu Ning , Li Hong , Li Jin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMethamphetamine use disorder (MAUD) can substantially jeopardize public security due to its high‐risk social psychology and behaviour. Given that the dopamine reward system is intimately correlated with MAUD, we investigated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as well as methylation status of dopamine receptor type 4 (DRD4), catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) genes, and paranoid and motor‐impulsive symptoms in MAUD patients. A total of 189 MAUD patients participated in our study. Peripheral blood samples were used to detect 3 SNPs and 35 CpG units of methylation in the DRD4 gene promoter region and 5 SNPs and 39 CpG units in the COMT gene. MAUD patients with the DRD4 rs1800955 C allele have a lower percentage of paranoid symptoms than those with the rs1800955 TT allele. Individuals with paranoid symptoms exhibited a reduced methylation degree at a particular DRD4 CpG2.3 unit. The interaction of the DRD4 rs1800955 C allele and the reduced DRD4CpG2.3 methylation degree were associated with a lower occurrence of paranoid symptoms. Meanwhile, those with the COMT rs4818 CC allele had lower motor‐impulsivity scores in MAUD patients but greater COMT methylation levels in the promoter region and methylation degree at the COMT CpG 51.52 unit. Therefore, based only on the COMT rs4818 CC polymorphism, there was a negative correlation between COMT methylation and motor‐impulsive scores. Our preliminary results provide a clue that the combination of SNP genotype and methylation status of the DRD4 and COMT genes serve as biological indicators for the prevalence of relatively high‐risk psychotic symptoms in MAUD patients.
Eosinophilic oesophagitis: a common cause of food bolus obstruction
Authors: Collins Kate , Lu Irene , Ng Jer Fuu , Stevenson Connor , Dowling Damian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundEosinophilic oesophagitis (EOE) is a known cause of food bolus obstruction (FBO) with rising incidence and prevalence.AimsTo assess the rates of EOE in adult cases presenting with an FBO via prospective biopsy collection during index endoscopy.MethodsOesophageal FBO cases requiring gastroscopy between February 2014 and January 2021 at a single institution with a unified policy to perform biopsies on FBO cases were analysed using medical records, endoscopy and histology. Statistical analysis was undertaken to compare those with and without EOE as their final diagnosis, including the timing of oesophageal biopsy and the season that cases presented.ResultsOne hundred ninety FBO presentations were analysed, 15 patients presented twice and one patient presented four times within the 7‐year study period. Men represented 72% of cases. A total of 78% of cases had biopsies collected at an index or scheduled follow‐up endoscopy. EOE was the cause of the FBO in 28% (53/190) of presentations. FBO secondary to EOE was more likely to occur in the spring and summer months (Australian September to March), with 39% (19 of 49) of cases presenting in spring attributable to EOE.ConclusionEOE affects a significant proportion of patients presenting with FBO (28%); a high biopsy rate of 78% in FBO cases provides an opportunity for prompt diagnosis and treatment.
TLR7 enhancing follicular helper T (Tfh) cells response in C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium yoeliiNSM TLR7 mediated Tfh cells in P. yoelii infected mice
Authors: Yang Quan , Zhou Lu , Tan Zhengrong , Zhu Yiqiang , Mo Lengshan , Fang Chao , Li Jiajie , Chen Chen , Luo Ying , Wei Haixia , Yin Weiguo , Huang Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractToll‐like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in inducing innate and acquired immune responses against infection. However, the effect of Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7) on follicular helper T (Tfh) cells in mice infected with Plasmodium is still not clear. The results showed that the splenic CD4+CXCR5+PD‐1+ Tfh cells were accumulated after Plasmodium yoelii NSM infection, the content of splenic Tfh cells was correlated to parasitemia and/or the red blood cells (RBCs) counts in the blood. Moreover, the expression of TLR7 was found higher than TLR2, TLR3 and TLR4 in splenic Tfh cells of the WT mice. TLR7 agonist R848 and the lysate of red blood cells of infected mice (iRBCs) could induce the activation and differentiation of splenic Tfh cells. Knockout of TLR7 leads to a decrease in the proportion of Tfh cells, down‐regulated expression of functional molecules CD40L, IFN‐γ, IL‐21 and IL‐10 in Tfh cells; decreased the proportion of plasma cells and antibody production and reduces the expression of STAT3 and Ikzf2 in Tfh cells. Administration of R848 could inhibit parasitemia, enhance splenic Tfh cell activation and increase STAT3 and Ikzf2 expression in Tfh cells. In summary, this study shows that TLR7 could regulate the function of Tfh cells, affecting the immune response in the spleen of Plasmodium yoelii NSM‐infected mice.
High TSLP responses in the human infant airways are associated with pre‐activated airway epithelial IFN antiviral immunity
Authors: Welham Allison , Chorvinsky Elizabeth , Bhattacharya Surajit , Bera Betelehem Solomon , Salka Kyle , Weinstock Jered , Chen Xilei Xu , Perez Geovanny F. , Pillai Dinesh K. , Gutierrez Maria J. , Morizono Hiroki , Jaiswal Jyoti , Nino Gustavo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a primarily epithelial‐derived cytokine that drives type 2 allergic immune responses. Early life viral respiratory infections elicit high TSLP production, which leads to the development of type 2 inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. The goal of this study was to examine in vivo and in vitro the human airway epithelial responses leading to high TSLP production during viral respiratory infections in early infancy. A total of 129 infants (<1–24 m, median age 10 m) with severe viral respiratory infections were enrolled for in vivo (n = 113), and in vitro studies (n = 16). Infants were classified as ‘high TSLP’ or ‘low TSLP’ for values above or below the 50th percentile. High versus low TSLP groups were compared in terms of type I–III IFN responses and production of chemokines promoting antiviral (CXCL10), neutrophilic (CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8), and type 2 responses (CCL11, CCL17, CCL22). Human infant airway epithelial cell (AEC) cultures were used to define the transcriptomic (RNAseq) profile leading to high versus low TSLP responses in vitro in the absence (baseline) or presence (stimulated) of a viral mimic (poly I:C). Infants in the high TSLP group had greater in vivo type III IFN airway production (median type III IFN in high TSLP 183.2 pg/mL vs. 63.4 pg/mL in low TSLP group, p = 0.007) and increased in vitro type I–III IFN AEC responses after stimulation with a viral mimic (poly I:C). At baseline, our RNAseq data showed that infants in the high TSLP group had significant upregulation of IFN signature genes (e.g., IFIT2, IFI6, MX1) and pro‐inflammatory chemokine genes before stimulation. Infants in the high TSLP group also showed a baseline AEC pro‐inflammatory state characterized by increased production of all the chemokines assayed (e.g., CXCL10, CXCL8). High TSLP responses in the human infant airways are associated with pre‐activated airway epithelial IFN antiviral immunity and increased baseline AEC production of pro‐inflammatory chemokines. These findings present a new paradigm underlying the production of TSLP in the human infant airway epithelium following early life viral exposure and shed light on the long‐term impact of viral respiratory illnesses during early infancy and beyond childhood.
Considering biotic interactions exacerbates the predicted impacts of climate change on coral‐dwelling species
Authors: Zhang Zhixin , Ma Shaobo , Bede‐Fazekas Ákos , Mammola Stefano , Qu Meng , Zhou Jinxin , Feng Ellias Yuming , Qin Geng , Lin Qiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimClimate change is affecting the geographic distributions of many species and researchers are increasingly relying on species distribution models (SDMs) to forecast species' redistributions under climate change. Such modelling studies, however, often ignore biotic interactions that shape species' geographic ranges. This is especially problematic for coral reefs, which host a high diversity of species and interactions. We tested how biotic interactions affect the distribution patterns of obligate coral‐dwelling Trapezia crabs.LocationGlobal coastal ocean.Time Period2000–2014, 2040–2050, 2090–2100.Major Taxa StudiedCorals and coral‐dwelling Trapezia crabs.MethodsWe determined the symbiotic relationships between 22 crab species in the genus Trapezia and corals via field survey and extensive literature review. We first developed SDMs for coral and crab species using exclusively abiotic variables (abiotic‐only models for corals and crabs). Then we constructed a second set of models where we accounted for coral distributions into crab predictions by combining model predictions for the two taxa a posteriori (abiotic‐plus‐biotic models for crabs only).ResultsWe obtained 30 commonly accepted coral‐crab symbiotic relationships from nine Trapezia crab and six stony coral species. The abiotic‐only model predictions showed that six corals may lose approximately one‐sixth of suitable ranges under RCP 8.5 in 2040–2050. The two types of models for crabs yielded largely different habitat suitability predictions and accounting for biotic interactions into SDM predictions exacerbates the predicted impacts of climate change on coral‐dwelling crabs.Main ConclusionsOur results show large discrepancies in crab spatial distribution patterns with and without accounting for symbiotic interactions. Our findings highlight the important role of modeller's decision on accounting for biotic interactions when predicting the geographical ranges of coral‐dwelling species, with important implications for designing future conservation and management strategies for marine species.
Severity of coronary artery disease is associated with diminished circANRIL expression: A possible blood based transcriptional biomarker in East Africa
Authors: Akan Gokce , Nyawawa Evarist , Nyangasa Bashir , Turkcan Mehmet Kerem , Mbugi Erasto , Janabi Mohammed , Atalar Fatmahan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAntisense Noncoding RNA in the INK4 Locus (ANRIL) is the prime candidate gene at Chr9p21, the well‐defined genetic risk locus associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). ANRIL and its transcript variants were investigated for the susceptibility to CAD in adipose tissues (AT) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of the study group and the impact of 9p21.3 locus mutations was further analysed. Expressions of ANRIL, circANRIL (hsa_circ_0008574), NR003529, EU741058 and DQ485454 were detected in epicardial AT (EAT) mediastinal AT (MAT), subcutaneous AT (SAT) and PBMCs of CAD patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and non‐CAD patients undergoing heart valve surgery. ANRIL expression was significantly upregulated, while the expression of circANRIL was significantly downregulated in CAD patients. Decreased circANRIL levels were significantly associated with the severity of CAD and correlated with aggressive clinical characteristics. rs10757278 and rs10811656 were significantly associated with ANRIL and circANRIL expressions in AT and PBMCs. The ROC‐curve analysis suggested that circANRIL has high diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.9808, cut‐off: 0.33, sensitivity: 1.0, specificity: 0.88). circANRIL has high diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.9808, cut‐off: 0.33, sensitivity: 1.0, specificity: 0.88). We report the first data demonstrating the presence of ANRIL and its transcript variants expressions in the AT and PBMCs of CAD patients. circANRIL having a synergetic effect with ANRIL plays a protective role in CAD pathogenesis. Therefore, altered circANRIL expression may become a potential diagnostic transcriptional biomarker for early CAD diagnosis.