bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Systematic Review of Utility Values Associated with Cardiovascular Disease and Reflections on Selecting Evidence for a UK Decision-Analytic Model
Authors: Hainsworth Rob , Thompson Alexander J. , Guthrie Bruce , Payne Katherine , Rogers Gabriel 
Published: January 2024

Purpose Evaluating interventions for cardiovascular disease (CVD) requires estimates of its effect on utility. We aimed to 1) systematically review utility estimates for CVDs published since 2013 and 2) critically appraise UK-relevant estimates and calculate corresponding baseline utility multipliers. Methods We searched MEDLINE and Embase (April 22, 2021) using CVD and utility terms. We screened results for primary studies reporting utility distributions for people with experience of heart failure, myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease, stable angina, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or unstable angina. We extracted characteristics from studies included. For UK estimates based on the EuroQoL 5-dimension (EQ-5D) measure, we assessed risk of bias and applicability to a decision-analytic model, pooled arms/time points as appropriate, and estimated baseline utility multipliers using predicted utility for age- and sex- matched populations without CVD. We sought utility sources from directly applicable studies with low risk of bias, prioritizing plausibility of severity ordering in our base-case model and highest population ascertainment in a sensitivity analysis. Results Most of the 403 studies identified used EQ-5D ( n = 217) and most assessed Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development populations ( n = 262), although measures and countries varied widely. UK studies using EQ-5D ( n = 29) produced very heterogeneous baseline utility multipliers for each type of CVD, precluding meta-analysis and implying different possible severity orderings. We could find sources that provided a plausible ordering of utilities while adequately representing health states. Conclusions We cataloged international CVD utility estimates and calculated UK-relevant baseline utility multipliers. Modelers should consider unreported sources of heterogeneity, such as population differences, when selecting utility evidence from reviews. Highlights Published systematic reviews have summarized estimates of utility associated with cardiovascular disease published up to 2013. We 1) reviewed utility estimates for 7 types of cardiovascular disease published since 2013, 2) critically appraised UK-relevant studies, and 3) estimated the effect of each cardiovascular disease on baseline utility. Our review 1) recommends a consistent and reliable set of baseline utility multipliers for 7 types of cardiovascular disease and 2) provides systematically identified reference information for researchers seeking utility evidence for their own context.
Association of radiocephalic arteriovenous anatomical markers with post-angioplasty blood flow volume
Authors: Tanyeri Ahmet 
Published: January 2024

Background Doppler ultrasound (DUS) blood volume flow (VF) calculation is the most reliable method for demonstrating the success of endovascular treatment of dysfunctional radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Due to the difficulty of this method for the interventionalist, VF-correlated markers are required during the procedure. Purpose To investigate the relationship between intraprocedural anatomical markers (AMs) and changes in VF induced by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Material and Methods The study included 56 patients with dysfunctional radiocephalic AVF who underwent PTA between September 2020 and 2022. The VF of all patients was measured using DUS before and 1 h after PTA. AMs were determined from 10 images, five before and five after balloon angioplasty. Results The mean post-PTA VF was 637 ± 277 mL/min compared to baseline (151 ± 107 mL/min). Before and after balloon angioplasty, vein diameter (VD), artery diameter (AD), stenosis minimum luminal diameter (MLD), stenosis percentage (SP), and VF values were statistically significant ( P = 0.001). Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a positive strong linear relationship between VF and MLD ( rs = 0.850, P <0.001), and a negative strong linear relationship between VF and SP ( rs = 0.815). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity for VF ≥400 mL/min at cutoffs of SP <50% and MLD >2.5 mm were 81% and 82%, and 81% and 90%, respectively. Conclusion Among the AMs readily available during PTA, first MLD and then SP provided satisfactory results in predicting VF.
Protective Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on the Degenerated Meniscus in a Rat Model
Authors: Takase Ryota , Ichinose Tsuyoshi , Hashimoto Shogo , Amano Izuki , Ohsawa Takashi , Koibuchi Noriyuki , Chikuda Hirotaka 
Published: January 2024

Background: Loss of meniscal function in association with degenerative changes affects the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis, for which there is currently no effective treatment. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is an established treatment for musculoskeletal disorders. However, the therapeutic effect of ESWT on meniscal degeneration remains unclear. Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of ESWT on the degenerated meniscus in an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Twelve-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups (normal, ESWT–, and ESWT+). Unilateral ACLT of the right knee was performed in the latter 2 groups. At 4 weeks after ACLT, the ESWT+ group received 800 shockwave impulses at an energy flux density of 0.22 mJ/mm2 in a single session. Histological changes were examined in the posterior portion of the medial meniscus after ESWT (n = 15 per group). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed after ESWT (n = 5 per group) to analyze the expression of connective tissue growth factor/CCN family member 2 (CTGF/CCN2), sex determining region Y–box 9, vascular endothelial growth factor α, aggrecan, collagen type 1 alpha 2, and collagen type 2 alpha 1 (Col2α1). Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of CTGF/CCN2 and Ki-67 (n = 5 per group) after ESWT. Results: The meniscal histopathological score at 4 weeks after ACLT was significantly higher than that in the normal group, and the score in the ESWT+ group was significantly lower than that in the ESWT– group at 4 and 12 weeks after ESWT. Real-time PCR revealed that the mRNA expression of CTGF/CCN2 and Col2α1 decreased 4 weeks after ACLT. In the ESWT+ group, real-time PCR revealed that the mRNA expression of CTGF/CCN2 increased 24 hours after ESWT, and the expression of Col2α1 increased 4 weeks after ESWT (all significant data were P < .05). The ratio of CTGF/CCN2-positive cells and Ki67-positive cells was significantly higher in the ESWT+ group after ESWT. Conclusion: The present study revealed that ESWT might suppress ACLT-induced meniscal degeneration by stimulating cartilage repair factors and inducing collagen type 2. Clinical Relevance: ESWT can be an effective treatment to protect the degenerated meniscus in a rat model of ACLT.
Multidimensional Frailty, Quality of Life and Self-Management in Aging Hispanics Living With HIV
Authors: Iriarte Evelyn , Cianelli Rosina , De Santis Joseph P. , Alamian Arsham , Castro Jose G. , Matsuda Yui , Araya Alejandra-X. 
Published: January 2024

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to examine multidimensional frailty and its potential impact on quality of life (QOL) in aging Hispanic people living with HIV (PLWH) and assess the extent to which HIV self-management moderates this association. The sample included 120 Hispanic PLWH aged 50 years and older ( M = 59.11; SD = 7.04). The structural equation modeling analyses demonstrated that multidimensional frailty was significantly related to QOL in its two dimensions, physical and mental ( p < .001). The relationship between multidimensional frailty and mental and physical QOL remained significant even after controlling for confounders (age and gender). The moderator analyses indicated no statistically significant moderator effect of HIV self-management on multidimensional frailty and mental or physical QOL. These study results have practical implications that highlight the need for early screening for frailty with a multidimensional focus. Age-appropriate and culturally tailored interventions to prevent or mitigate multidimensional frailty may improve QOL.
Citrus Odour Produces Resilient Response to Cognitive Load and Enhances Performance in the N-Back Task
Authors: Shikha Deep , Ojha Pooja , Shukla Kamla Kant , Bhagat Om Lata , Dixit Abhinav 
Published: January 2024

Background: Olfactory pathway and limbic system demonstrate a close nexus, which paves common ground for investigating the effects of smell on emotions, cognitive load and autonomic functions. Notably, olfactory stimulation during the administration of cognitive load may interfere with the performance. Purpose: The study is planned to investigate the effect of citrus inhalation on cognitive performance, through psychophysiological assessments. Methods: Thirty male participants were subjected to the cognitive load with the 2-back task in control and experimental sessions. Olfactory stimulation was administered with a pure citrus odour through an aroma diffuser. Electrocardiogram (ECG) for heart rate variability (HRV); photoplethysmography (PPG), and electrodermal activity (EDA) were recorded in experimental and control sessions. Results: Citrus odour significantly improved the performance in 2-back task. A paired t-test revealed that the target correct response numbers and target accuracy were significantly increased with the citrus odour inhalation. The EDA showed a rise in the skin conductance level with the 2-back task that was suppressed with the citrus odour administration. The HRV measures, pNN50, RMSSD, and HF power demonstrated a significant increase in the citrus smell. Conclusion: Importantly, citrus odour produced resilience to cognitive stress due to the cognitive task and it was reflected in the EDA. Olfactory stimulation with citrus improved the scores in the 2-back task performance. Though there was no alteration in the overall variability of cardiac oscillation but there was a conspicuous shift of autonomic balance towards the parasympathetic system with the citrus inhalation. The observed finding advocates the use of citrus odour as a cognitive stress-suppressing measure for cognitive enhancement.
Evaluation of healthcare professionals’ experiences of taking telephone calls from parents of children with congenital heart disease. A risky business
Authors: Gaskin K , Seale A , Menzies J 
Published: January 2024

The Congenital Heart Disease Standards for England indicate that parents and children should have access to a 24-h telephone advice service, however, little is known about existing services. This paper presents phase two of a mixed-methods service evaluation, which aimed to evaluate staff experiences of telephone communication with these parents. All nursing and support staff in a single specialist children’s cardiac surgical centre were invited to participate in an online survey during July–November 2019. Data were descriptively and thematically analysed. Participants ( N = 39) were predominantly nurses ( n = 32, 82%) with 64.1% ( n = 25) working in the speciality >10 years. Positive experiences included: signposting and preventing further deterioration; supporting families to get expert advice quickly; providing reassurance. Challenging experiences included: offering advice without being able to see the child, dealing with telephone calls alongside busy workload; and parents running out of medications and telephoning out of hours. In conclusion, taking telephone calls were perceived to be time consuming and are potentially high risk. A standardised approach to assessment, intervention and documentation was deemed necessary. Implementation of an updated parental early warning tool was recommended, along with staff and parental education.
Life story templates in dementia care: Ambiguous direction and purpose
Authors: Möllergren Glenn , Harnett Tove 
Published: January 2024

Background The use of life stories in dementia care has been described as a way of seeing every person as an individual, looking beyond their dementia. Life stories have become synonymous with high-quality care, while in Sweden their mere existence in dementia care settings is taken to indicate quality in national comparisons. Such life stories are often standardised, generated by a family member answering predetermined questions in a template. Aim and methods Using a constructionist approach, this study will (1) chart what versions of a person’s life story the templates produce, and (2) establish the intended purpose of such life stories, as communicated by the templates. This study departs from the assumption that life story templates communicate something about the conceptions of people living with dementia. The thematic analysis used data comprising 30 blank templates, totalling about 1,700 questions. Findings The life story templates were found to generate two very different versions of the individual: (1) a person before symptoms of dementia or (2) a patient with dementia. We also found contradictions about what information should be included, whose life story it was, and the intended use. Discussion Despite strong pressure on dementia care providers to collect life stories from residents, the life story templates they use are without clear direction, ideology, or purpose. The lack of direction is key given that life stories can be considered actants that shape assumptions about people with dementia and construct realities in dementia care settings. We highlight the need to develop ethical guidelines for life story template design, matched with guidelines for their intended use.
Mental Health Among Elite Youth Athletes: A Narrative Overview to Advance Research and Practice
Authors: Walton Courtney C. , Purcell Rosemary , Henderson Jo L. , Kim Jeemin , Kerr Gretchen , Frost Joshua , Gwyther Kate , Pilkington Vita , Rice Simon , Tamminen Katherine A. 
Published: January 2024

Context: Participation in sports during youth is typically beneficial for mental health. However, it is unclear whether elite sport contexts contribute to greater risk of psychological distress or disorder. The aims of this paper are to highlight conceptual issues that require resolution in future research and practice, and to examine the key factors that may contribute to the mental health of elite youth athletes (EYAs). Evidence Acquisition: A narrative overview of the literature combined with the clinical and research expertise of the authors. Study Design: Narrative overview. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Results: EYAs experience a range of biopsychosocial developmental changes that interact with mental health in a multitude of ways. In addition, there are various sport-specific factors that contribute to the mental health of EYAs that may become more prominent in elite contexts. These include - but are not limited to - patterns relating to athlete coping and self-relating styles, the nature of peer, parental, and coach relationships, organizational culture and performance pressures, and mental health service provision and accessibility. Conclusion: A range of critical factors across individual, interpersonal, organizational, and societal domains have been shown to contribute to mental health among EYAs. However, this evidence is limited by heterogeneous samples and varied or imprecise terminology regarding what constitutes “youth” and “elite” in sport. Nevertheless, it is clear that EYAs face a range of risks that warrant careful consideration to progress to best practice principles and recommendations for mental health promotion and intervention in elite youth sport. SORT: Level C.
Harnessing augmented reality technology for medical education – a virtual abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Han Youxiang Jonathan , Li Xinyi , Lim Wei Sian Wileen , Huang Linghui Belinda , Mathur Manisha 
Published: January 2024

With the advent of augmented reality (AR), our team developed a prototype teaching module using the abdominal hysterectomy as a case study for the teaching of in-depth pelvic anatomy and the steps for performing a hysterectomy. Through this interactive module, trainees will be able to identify and fill knowledge gaps in pelvic anatomy with the benefit of spatial visualisation, and familiarise themselves with the steps of performing a hysterectomy in a safe controlled setting. The prototype teaching module has eight sections, each with its specific aims, objectives and multiple choice questions to assess the participant’s knowledge and understanding. The scores will be tabulated and a final report will be generated upon completion of the entire module. This includes the breakdown of the scores, mistakes identified and recommended suggestions to facilitate learning. Following completion of the prototype teaching module, we aim to carry out a trial on our residents and assess its effects on self-perceived preparedness, knowledge and impact on training. We believe that this can translate to better awareness with reduced errors in surgery and ultimately better patient outcomes and safety. Our new prototype teaching module promises to be well-received, relevant and will take our training to a new level. There is enormous potential in using AR technology to provide realistic, interactive and safe training and this can be harnessed for the future development of other modules in the O&G curriculum.
Outcomes and effect of somatic mutations after erythropoiesis stimulating agents in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Caballero Juan Carlos , Dávila Julio , López-Pavía María , Such Esperanza , Bernal Teresa , Ramos Fernando , Calabuig Marisa , Hernández Sánchez Jesús María , Pomares Helena , Sánchez Barba Mercedes , Abáigar María , González Bernardo , Merchán Brayan , Sancho-Tello Reyes , Callejas Marta , Muñoz-Novas Carolina , Cerveró Carlos , Sanz Guillermo , Hernández Rivas Jesús María , Díez Campelo; María 
Published: January 2024

Background: Erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) are the first-line therapy in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS). Some predictive factors for ESAs response have been identified. Type and number of somatic mutations have been associated with prognosis and response to therapies in MDS patients. Objectives: The objective was to evaluate the outcomes after ESAs in patients with LR-MDS and to address the potential predictive value of somatic mutations in ESAs-treated patients. Design: Multi-center retrospective study of a cohort of 722 patients with LR-MDS included in the SPRESAS (Spanish Registry of Erythropoietic Stimulating Agents Study) study. Retrospective analysis of 65 patients with next generation sequencing (NGS) data from diagnosis. Methods: ESAs’ efficacy and safety were evaluated in patients receiving ESAs and best supportive care (BSC). To assess the potential prognostic value of somatic mutations in erythroid response (ER) rate and outcome, NGS was performed in responders and non-responders. Results: ER rate for ESAs-treated patients was 65%. Serum erythropoietin (EPO) level <200 U/l was the only variable significantly associated with a higher ER rate (odds ratio, 2.45; p = 0.036). Median overall survival (OS) in patients treated with ESAs was 6.7 versus 3.1 years in patients receiving BSC ( p < 0.001). From 65 patients with NGS data, 57 (87.7%) have at least one mutation. We observed a trend to a higher frequency of ER among patients with a lower number of mutated genes (40.4% in <3 mutated genes versus 22.2% in ⩾3; p = 0.170). The presence of ⩾3 mutated genes was also significantly associated with worse OS (hazard ratio, 2.8; p = 0.015), even in responders. A higher cumulative incidence of acute myeloid leukemia progression at 5 years was also observed in patients with ⩾3 mutated genes versus <3 (33.3% and 10.7%, respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusion: This large study confirms the beneficial effect of ESAs and the adverse effect of somatic mutations in patients with LR-MDS.
Comparing the Interobserver Reliability of 4 Methods Used to Measure Knee Laxity on Coronal Plane Stress Radiograph
Authors: Schemitsch Geoffrey W. , Hauer Tyler M. , Hoit Graeme , Al Hulaibi Fahad H. , Hu Shu Yang , Etemad-Rezaie Ali , Pinsker Ellie B. , Khan Ryan M. , Coulter Owen , Whelan Daniel B. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Varus and valgus knee stress radiographs provide valuable information in the pre- and postoperative evaluation of joint laxity in patients with multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs). Purpose: To review the literature for described techniques of quantifying laxity on coronal stress radiographs of the knee and identify the most reliable method. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A thorough literature search using the MEDLINE and Embase databases identified 4 studies with distinct methods for objectively measuring laxity on varus and valgus stress radiographs: Heesterbeek et al (2008), Jacobsen (1976), LaPrade et al (2004), and Sawant et al (2004). To compare these methods, 200 coronal plane stress radiographs from 50 patients with MLKIs were retrospectively reviewed from an MLKI database at a single institution. The amount of varus and valgus laxity on each radiograph was measured independently by 4 reviewers using each method. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) with 95% CIs were calculated to assess the interobserver reliability of each method overall and the varus and valgus measurements individually. Results: For all 4 methods, the overall interobserver reliability was considered at least moderate. The method by Heesterbeek et al proved to have the highest interrater reliability in all domains—overall (ICC, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.85-0.90]), valgus (ICC, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.78-0.88]), and varus (ICC, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.83-0.90])—demonstrating good to excellent reliability both overall and in varus measurements and showing good reliability in valgus measurements. The method by Sawant et al demonstrated good reliability in valgus measurements. All other measures demonstrated moderate reliability. Conclusion: Available methods for measuring knee joint laxity on varus and valgus knee stress radiographs in patients with MLKIs demonstrated moderate to good interobserver reliability. The method described by Heesterbeek et al proved to have the highest reliability overall as well as in measurements on varus and valgus views individually.