bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing survival after resection of pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer
Authors: Vogelsang H , Haas S , Hierholzer C , Berger U , Siewert J R , Präuer H 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBackgroundSelection of patients for resection of lung metastases from colorectal cancer is problematic. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinically relevant prognostic factors and to define a subgroup of patients who would most benefit from such surgery.PatientsSeventy-five patients (median age 58 (range 33–82) years) with pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer underwent 104 R0 lung resections. Median follow-up was 33 (range 4–116) months. Patients who had no evidence of recurrent extrathoracic disease, no more than three metastases on either side, lobectomy as the maximal surgical procedure, and adequate cardiorespiratory function were eligible for surgery. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression, and classification and regression tree subgroup analyses were performed.ResultsOverall median survival was 33 months, with 3- and 5-year survival rates of 47 and 27 per cent respectively. Size of metastases (relative risk (RR) 2·6) and extent of resection (RR 0·4) were identified as independent prognostic factors. Primary tumour stage was significant in univariate analysis. Subgroup analysis defined two statistically relevant prognostic groups: patients with a maximum metastasis size of 3·75 cm or less with a disease-free interval of more than 10 months and patients with larger metastases and a shorter disease-free interval. Median survival and 5-year survival were 45 months and 39 per cent in the former group, and 24 months and less than 11 per cent in the latter.ConclusionSubgroup analysis provided criteria for the selection of patients for R0 resection of lung metastases from colorectal cancer and differentiated between those at high or low risk of early tumour progression; the latter patients would benefit most from surgery.
Prospective assessment of emotional distress, cognitive function, and quality of life in patients with cancer treated with chemotherapy
Authors: Iconomou Gregoris , Mega Vasiliki , Koutras Angelos , Iconomou Alexander V. , Kalofonos Haralabos P. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe current study sought to delineate prospectively the rates and clinical course of emotional distress, cognitive impairment, and quality of life (QOL) in chemotherapy‐naive patients with cancer and to consider the determinants of global QOL.METHODSPatients who consented to participate were administered the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ‐C30 questionnaire, the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale before and at the end of treatment (EOT).RESULTSOf the 102 patients initially assessed, 80 (78.4%) completed the study. Most aspects of QOL did not change considerably over time. At EOT, patients reported only significant increases in fatigue and significant decreases in sleep disturbance. Although no significant changes emerged in the rates of anxiety or depression throughout chemotherapy, nearly one‐third of the patients experienced severe emotional distress at both points in time. In addition, the authors observed neither significant alteration in the cognitive performance over time nor reliable associations between scores on the MMSE and subjective cognitive function, emotional distress, or QOL. Finally, depression proved to be the leading predictor of global QOL at baseline and at EOT.CONCLUSIONSThe results indicated that a significant proportion of Greek patients with cancer experienced intense anxiety and depression throughout chemotherapy and confirmed the importance of depression as a strong predictor of global QOL. Routine screening of emotional distress across all phases of cancer is mandatory because it will contribute to the identification of patients who are in need of pharmaceutical and/or psychologic intervention. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Novel Oxorhenium(V) Complexes Containing N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes
Authors: Royo Beatriz , Herdtweck Eberhardt , Romão Carlos C. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractReaction of [ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with 2 equiv. of 1,3‐diisopropylimidazol‐2‐ylidene (iPr‐carbene) affords [ReOCl3(iPr‐carbene)2] (1). When an excess of free carbene is used, the dicationic species [ReOCl(iPr‐carbene)4][Cl]2 (2) is isolated. The cationic dioxorhenium complex [ReO2(iPr‐carbene)4]+ has been isolated as its I− (3) and ReO4− (4) salts by different reactions. Treatment of [ReO2I(PPh3)2] with an excess of 1,3‐diisopropylimidazol‐2‐ylidene yields compound 3 in quantitative yield. The cationic species is also isolated as an ReO4− salt from the reaction of [ReO2Me(PhCCPh)] with 1,3‐diisopropylimidazol‐2‐ylidene. The molecular structures of [ReOCl3(iPr‐carbene)2] (1) and [ReO2(iPr‐carbene)4][ReO4] (4) have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Effective accumulation of poly(vinylpyrrolidone‐co‐vinyl laurate) into the spleen
Authors: Yoshioka Yasuo , Tsutsumi Yasuo , Mukai Yohei , Shibata Hiroko , Okamoto Takayuki , Kaneda Yoshihisa , Tsunoda Shin‐ichi , Kamada Haruhiko , Koizumi Keiichi , Yamamoto Yoko , Mu Yu , Kodaira Hiroshi , Sato‐Kamada Keiko , Nakagawa Shinsaku , Mayumi Tadanori 
Published: June 2004

AbstractTo optimize polymer‐conjugated drugs as a polymeric drug delivery system, it is essential to design polymeric carriers with tissue‐specific targeting capacity. Previously, we showed that polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was the most suitable polymeric carrier for prolonging the blood‐residency of drugs, and was one of the best parent polymers to design the polymeric carriers with targeting capacity. In this study, we synthesized some hydrophobic PVP derivatives, poly(vinylpyrrolidone‐co‐styrene) [poly(VP‐co‐S)] and poly(vinylpyrrolidone‐co‐vinyl laurate) [poly(VP‐co‐VL)], and assessed their biopharmaceutical properties after intravenous administration in mice. The elimination of hydrophobic PVP derivatives from blood was the same as PVP, and the plasma half‐lives of poly(VP‐co‐S) were almost similar to that of poly(VP‐co‐VL). Poly(VP‐co‐VL) efficiently accumulated in the spleen, whereas poly(VP‐co‐S) effectively accumulated in the liver. The level of poly(VP‐co‐VL) in the spleen was about 20 times higher than PVP and poly(VP‐co‐S). These hydrophobic PVP derivatives did not show any cytotoxicity against endothelial cells in vitro. Thus, poly(VP‐co‐VL) may be a useful polymeric carrier for drug delivery to the spleen. This study will provide useful information to design optimal polymeric carriers with targeting capacity to the spleen and liver. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 70A: 219–223, 2004
Calcium‐phosphate‐hybridized tendon directly promotes regeneration of tendon‐bone insertion
Authors: Mutsuzaki Hirotaka , Sakane Masataka , Nakajima Hiromi , Ito Atsuo , Hattori Shinya , Miyanaga Yutaka , Ochiai Naoyuki , Tanaka Junzo 
Published: June 2004

AbstractWe developed a novel technique to improve tendon‐bone attachment by hybridizing calcium phosphate (CaP) with tendons using an alternate soaking process. We characterized the deposited CaP on or in tendons and determined the healing process of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts by implanting CaP‐hybridized free tendons in bone tunnels intra‐articularly. Tendons to be implanted were alternately soaked 10 times in a Ca‐containing solution and a PO4‐containing solution for 30 s each. Treated tendons had ash contents threefold that of untreated tendons. Low‐crystallinity apatite was found on or in treated tendons. In animal experiments, the CaP‐hybridized tendon exhibited osteoclasts at the tendon‐bone interface at 5 days after operation. At 2 weeks after operation, there were more osteoclasts and osteoblasts around the tendon than at 5 days after operation. Directly bonded areas were partially found between the implanted tendon and newly formed bone. The formation of a cartilage layer was partially apparent at 3 weeks after operation. The newly formed bone was observed almost around the tendon. We conclude that CaP‐hybridized tendons clearly enhance the healing process of ACL grafts at the tendon‐bone interface and regenerate a direct insertion‐like formation of tendons similar to a normal healthy ACL insertion within 3 weeks after operation. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 70A: 319–327, 2004
Synthesis and evaluation of novel bioactive composite starch/bioactive glass microparticles
Authors: Silva G. A. , Costa F. J. , Coutinho O. P. , Radin S. , Ducheyne P. , Reis R. L. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe aim of the development of composite materials is to combine the most desired properties of two or more materials. In this work, the biodegradable character, good controlled‐release properties, and natural origin of starch‐based biomaterials are combined with the bioactive and bone‐bonding properties of bioactive glass (BG). Novel, bioactive composite starch–BG microparticles were synthesized starting from a blend of starch and polylactic acid (50%/50% wt) with BG 45S5 powder using a simple emulsion method. Morphological and chemical characterization showed that these particles exhibited a spherical morphology with sizes up to 350 μm and that BG 45S5 was incorporated successfully into the composite particles. Upon immersion in a solution simulating body fluids, for periods up to 3 weeks, their bioactive nature was confirmed, as a calcium‐phosphate layer resembling biological apatite was formed onto their surface. The short‐term cytotoxicity of these materials was also tested by placing 24‐h leachables of the materials extracted in culture medium in contact with a fibroblastic cell line (L929) up to 72 h. At this time period, two biochemical tests—MTT and total protein quantification—were performed. The results showed that these materials are not cytotoxic. These results constitute the basis of future encapsulation studies using bone‐acting therapeutic agents such as bone morphogenetic proteins or other bone‐relevant factors. The particles developed here may be very useful for applications in which controlled release, degradability, and bone‐bonding ability are the main requirements. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 70A: 442–449, 2004
Probing the origins and control of shrinkage stress in dental resin composites. II. Novel method of simultaneous measurement of polymerization shrinkage stress and conversion
Authors: Lu Hui , Stansbury Jeffrey W. , Dickens Sabine H. , Eichmiller Frederick C. , Bowman Christopher N. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThis study probes the interrelationships between polymerization shrinkage stress development and the polymerization progress with a novel experimental technique. This technique is capable of real time, simultaneous measurement of double‐bond conversion and shrinkage stress with the use of a noninvasive near‐infrared fiber‐optic system, along with a cantilever beam‐based tensometer. The results from both filled and unfilled bis‐GMA/TEGDMA (70:30 mass ratio) systems showed that the shrinkage stress buildup was concentrated in the latter stages of polymerization, with its dramatic increase linked to the asymptotic approach of conversion to its limiting value. The monotonic increase of shrinkage stress with conversion in the vitrified state is attributed to the dramatic increase of the sample's elastic modulus during the vitrification stage and a certain amount of cooling stress as the sample cools down from the temperature rise caused by the exothermic polymerization and light absorption. Excellent reproducibility of both the polymerization kinetics assessment and the shrinkage stress measurement has been achieved. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 71B: 206–213, 2004
Rapid, simple, and reliable method for the diagnosis of CAPD peritonitis using the new MMP‐9 test kit
Authors: Ro Yuuki , Hamada Chieko , Io Hiroaki , Hayashi Kayo , Hirahara Ichiro , Tomino Yasuhiko 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the sensitivity and efficiency of the matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) test kit for the diagnosis of bacterial peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Peritoneal effluents were collected from seven continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) patients with peritonitis, four patients with suspected peritonitis, 30 maintenance PD patients without infection, and seven patients at initiation of PD. The MMP‐9 test kit was used to analyze 112 peritoneal effluent samples. These peritoneal effluents were also used to count leukocytes and examine microorganisms. MMP expression was measured by gelatin zymography, and activities were measured by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship between the reactivity of the test kit and the number of leukocytes in the samples was examined. There was a significant difference in the number of leukocytes in peritoneal effluents between the negative and positive groups detected by the MMP‐9 test kit (P<0.0001). The results obtained with the MMP‐9 test kit were negative for peritoneal effluent samples that did not show increased cell counts. The reactivity of the MMP‐9 test kit showed no significant differences among various microorganisms, and remained stable. The MMP‐9 test kit appears to be a simple and reliable method for early diagnosis of CAPD peritonitis, and reflects the leukocyte count in peritoneal effluents. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 18:224–230, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of apolipoprotein E on the human immunodeficiency virus protein tat in neuronal cultures and synaptosomes
Authors: Pocernich Chava B. , Sultana Rukhsana , Hone Eugene , Turchan Jadwiga , Martins Ralph N. , Calabrese Vittorio , Nath Avindra , Butterfield D. Allan 
Published: June 2004

AbstractHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1)‐associated dementia is observed in 20–30% of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The ϵ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene currently is thought to play a role as a risk factor for the development of HIV dementia. The HIV protein Tat is neurotoxic and binds to the same receptor as apoE, the low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein (LRP). In this study, we investigated the role apoE plays in Tat toxicity. Synaptosomes from wild‐type mice treated with Tat had increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased lipid and protein oxidation, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Synaptosomes from APOE‐knockout mice also had increased ROS, increased protein oxidation, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, but to a significantly lesser degree. Treatment of synaptosomes with heparinase and Tat increased Tat‐induced oxidative stress, consistent with the notion of Tat requiring interaction with neuronal membranes to induce oxidative damage. Human lipidated apoE3 greatly protected neurons from Tat‐induced toxicity, whereas human lipidated apoE4 showed no protection. We demonstrated that human apoE3 has antioxidant properties against Tat‐induced toxicity. Taken together, the data suggest that murine apoE and human apoE4 act similarly and do not protect the cell from Tat‐induced toxicity. This would allow excess Tat to remain outside the cell and interact with synaptosomal membranes, leading to oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, which could contribute to dementia associated with HIV. We show that the antioxidant properties of apoE3 greatly outweigh the competition for clearance in deterring Tat‐induced oxidative stress. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spinal myoclonus responsive to topiramate
Authors: Siniscalchi Antonio , Mancuso Franco , Russo Emilio , Ibbadu Guido Ferreri , De Sarro Giovambattista 
Published: June 2004

AbstractSpinal segmental myoclonus rarely occurs in peripheral neurological disorders. There are no data about the efficacy of topiramate (TPM) on spinal myoclonus. We describe a patient whose segmental myoclonus in amputation stump was ameliorated markedly by TPM. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
A constraint‐stabilized time‐stepping approach for rigid multibody dynamics with joints, contact and friction
Authors: Anitescu Mihai , Hart Gary D. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractWe present a method for achieving geometrical constraint stabilization for a linear‐complementarity‐based time‐stepping scheme for rigid multibody dynamics with joints, contact, and friction. The method requires the solution of only one linear complementarity problem per step. We prove that the velocity stays bounded and that the constraint infeasibility is uniformly bounded in terms of the size of the time step and the current value of the velocity. Several examples, including one for joint‐only systems, are used to demonstrate the constraint stabilization effect. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computational, spectroscopic, and resonant mirror biosensor analysis of the interaction of adrenodoxin with native and tryptophan‐modified NADPH‐adrenodoxin reductase
Authors: Sargisova Yelizaveta , Pierfederici Francesco‐Maria , Scirè Andrea , Bertoli Enrico , Tanfani Fabio , Febbraio Ferdinando , Briante Raffaella , Karapetyan Yelena , Mardanyan Sona 
Published: June 2004

AbstractIn steroid hydroxylation system in adrenal cortex mitochondria, NADPH‐adrenodoxin reductase (AR) and adrenodoxin (Adx) form a short electron‐transport chain that transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochromes P‐450 through FAD in AR and [2Fe‐2S] cluster in Adx. The formation of [AR/Adx] complex is essential for the electron transfer mechanism in which previous studies suggested that AR tryptophan (Trp) residue(s) might be implicated. In this study, we modified AR Trps by N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS) and studied AR binding to Adx by a resonant mirror biosensor. Chemical modification of tryptophans caused inhibition of electron transport. The modified protein (AR*) retained the native secondary structure but showed a lower affinity towards Adx with respect to AR. Activity measurements and fluorescence data indicated that one Trp residue of AR may be involved in the electron transferring activity of the protein. Computational analysis of AR and [AR/Adx] complex structures suggested that Trp193 and Trp420 are the residues with the highest probability to undergo NBS‐modification. In particular, the modification of Trp420 hampers the correct reorientation of AR* molecule necessary to form the native [AR/Adx] complex that is catalytically essential for electron transfer from FAD in AR to [2Fe‐2S] cluster in Adx. The data support an incorrect assembly of [AR*/Adx] complex as the cause of electron transport inhibition. Proteins 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selective digestion and novel cleanup techniques for detection of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide‐DNA adducts by capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry
Authors: Gennaro Lynn A. , Vadhanam Manicka , Gupta Ramesh C. , Vouros Paul 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBenzo[a]pyrene (BP) is a ubiquitous environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) which, upon metabolic conversion to reactive benzo[a]pyrene‐7,8‐diol‐9,10‐epoxide (BPDE), has been found to attach covalently to DNA. Given the low level of DNA adducts typically present in vivo or in vitro, an essential first step prior to capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry (CE/MS) (or liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS)) analysis of the DNA digests is the removal of the bulk non‐adducted nucleotides, enzymes or salts, and isolation of enriched adducts. This report focuses on the development of novel sample handling methods aimed at facilitating the analysis of BPDE‐DNA adducts by CE/MS. This approach involves a simple variation on the digestion procedure, in combination with the use of metal affinity ZipTips for the more efficient cleanup of BPDE‐DNA adducts formed in vitro for subsequent CE/MS analysis. The previously described digestion procedure, consisting of micrococcal nuclease, spleen phosphodiesterase and nuclease P1, allows for selective dephosphorylation of normal nucleotides, while leaving adducted nucleotides intact. Metal affinity ZipTips, typically used for selective extraction of phosphopeptides, were used here for extraction of adducted nucleotides. The utility of metal affinity SPE was tested on mixtures of dG and dGp, wherein nucleotide extracts contained no detectable nucleosides by CE/UV analysis. An in vitro BPDE‐DNA incubation was then digested using the above procedure. Metal affinity solid‐phase extraction (SPE) was subsequently used for the selective isolation of phosphorylated components, i.e., adducted nucleotides, from the mixture of enzymes and non‐adducted nucleosides. SPE extracts were enriched in nucleotide adducts and analyzed using sample stacking and CE/MS. This method has several advantages over previously described cleanup procedures for dGp‐BPDE adducts: fast, simple, uses commercially available materials, no need for excessive dilution (small scale), the suitability for use with automation, and possible applicability to other bulky hydrophobic adducts. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Six years follow‐up of an implanted SvO2 sensor in the right ventricle
Authors: Kjellström Barbro , Linde Cecilia , Bennett Tom , Ohlsson Åke , Ryden Lars 
Published: June 2004

AbstractIntroduction.Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) is a standard invasive measure used in the management of congestive heart failure patients. The reliability of a long‐term SvO2 sensor remains unproven.Methods.Nine patients (NYHA Class I/II, n=2/7) were implanted with a dual chamber pacemaker modified to utilize a right ventricular SvO2 lead (Medtronic Inc., Models 8007/4327A IPG/Lead). Invasive studies compared sensor SvO2 to reference (Optical Swan–Ganz catheter) at 0, 3 and 9 months. Symptom limited tests (Bikemax) with metabolic assessment and arterial oxygen saturation measurements performed 1–7 days, 3.5 and 9.5 months post‐implant allowed for cardiac output calculations. Long‐term sensor performance was confirmed by submaximal tests, Bikesubm in years 1–3, and Walkin‐place every 6 months for the duration of follow‐up.Results.Sensor SvO2 readings were stable over time when compared to the Swan–Ganz Catheter. Non‐invasive CO measured during Bikemax was in normal ranges for this patient population, 3.7±0.9 l/min at rest and 8.4±2.2 l/min at peak‐exercise. Resting SvO2 values from Bikesubm and Walkin‐place did not change significantly over time (P0.1 vs. 1 year) and neither did the change from rest to peak exercise during Bikesubm (P0.05 vs. 1 year) or Walkin‐place (P0.05 vs. 4 year).Conclusion.While limited in size, this small pilot study suggests that long‐term monitoring of SvO2 by implanted devices may be feasible. The clinical value remains to be proven in future studies.
Fishing vs. natural recruitment variation in sandeels as a cause of seabird breeding failure at Shetland: a modelling approach
Authors: Poloczanska Elvira S. , Cook Robin M. , Ruxton Graeme D. , Wright Peter J. 
Published: June 2004

Abstract
Sandeels represent a major component in the diet of fish, bird, and mammal predators as well as supporting a large industrial fishery. The availability of young sandeels in coastal waters around Shetland is generally considered a key factor influencing the breeding success of many seabird species in the area, but the risk to the populations as a direct consequence of the fishery is unknown. Low exploitation rates coupled with high natural mortality rates make assessment of the Shetland sandeel stock problematic and safe biological limits have not yet been defined. We use stochastic models to evaluate the likely effect of varying fishing mortality on kittiwake breeding success. The models consider some main sources of uncertainty about natural processes, such as recruitment and natural mortality, which may affect the design of robust management strategies. The type of model tested had a stronger influence on sandeel recruitment than the level of fishing pressure. Even with low exploitation rates, poor years for seabird breeding were inevitable.