bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered corticomotor representation in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Kagerer Florian A. , Summers Jeff J. , Byblow Winston D. , Taylor Bruce 
Published: July 2003

AbstractIn 6 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 6 age‐matched controls, transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied at 56 regions over the motor cortex and premotor cortex of each hemisphere, with the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle of both hands activated at 15% maximum voluntary contraction during stimulation. For each site, motor evoked potential (MEP) landmarks were recovered, including MEP amplitude, MEP onset latency, and silent period duration. Scaled MEP amplitudes were used to construct individual cortical maps of the FDI muscles. The maps revealed an anterior displacement of the muscle representation in PD patients. This anterior shift over motor cortical areas may reflect increased contributions of corticocortical connections between motor cortex and premotor cortical areas, possibly enhanced by the visual feedback aspect of the task. These alterations may reflect adaptations to the impairments in striatocortical circuits in PD. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Unique form of propriospinal myoclonus as a possible complication of an enteropathogenic toxin
Authors: Espay Alberto J. , Ashby Peter , Hanajima Ritsuko , Jog Mandar S. , Lang Anthony E. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractPropriospinal myoclonus is an uncommon form of spinal myoclonus propagated, presumably, by slowly conducting polysynaptic intraspinal pathways. Although most patients demonstrate no clear etiology, a variety of disorders have been linked to this abnormal movement, including trauma, multiple sclerosis, tumors, and infectious disorders such as herpes zoster, human immunodeficiency virus, and Lyme disease. We describe 2 young male patients from the same town in Northern Ontario, Canada, exposed to an outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from contaminated municipal water, who developed identical clinical and electrophysiological features suggestive of a rhythmic form of propriospinal myoclonus with activity alternating between abdominal and paraspinal muscles. A toxin‐mediated microvascular thrombosis is proposed as a possible pathogenic mechanism underlying this novel association. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Multiple sclerosis tremor and the Stewart‐Holmes manoeuvre
Authors: Waubant Emmanuelle , Tezenas du Montcel Sophie , Jedynak Charles , Obadia Michael , Hosseini Hassan , Damier Philippe , Lubetzki Catherine , Agid Yves , Degos Jean‐Denis 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe objective of this study is to define tremor and cerebellar dysfunction and determine whether kinetic and postural tremor correlate with cerebellar dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Cerebellar symptoms such as dysmetria often interfere with tremor evaluation in MS. The Stewart‐Holmes (SH) manoeuvre, which has been recently quantified, may offer a selective evaluation of cerebellar dysfunction in such patients. Thirty‐two patients with definite MS and arm tremor were evaluated (simplified Fahn tremor scale for kinetic and postural tremor, finger‐to‐nose test, clinical SH manoeuvre, quantitative study of the SH manoeuvre). Median severity of kinetic and postural tremor on the most disabled side was, respectively, 2 (range 0–4) and 1.5 (range 0–4). Clinical SH scores were moderately correlated to quantified SH measures (r = 0.36, P < 0.05). Kinetic and postural tremors were strongly correlated (r = 0.73, P < 0.0001) but did not correlate with clinical or quantified SH scores. Patients with bilateral tremor had higher scores for quantified SH, and a trend to higher clinical SH and finger‐to‐nose scores than patients with unilateral tremor. Although clinically associated, cerebellar dysfunction and tremor may be partly independent symptoms, suggesting they may relate to dysfunction of different neuronal systems. The SH manoeuvre should be part of the evaluation of MS patients considered for surgery of tremor. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Extrapyramidal features in Parkinson's disease with and without dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies: A cross‐sectional comparative study
Authors: Burn David J. , Rowan Elise N. , Minett Thais , Sanders Jonathon , Myint Pat , Richardson Jonathon , Thomas Alan , Newby Jane , Reid Jenny , O'Brien John T. , McKeith Ian G. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractRisk factors predicting an increased risk of dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) are not fully established. The dementia associated with PD (PDD) closely resembles dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Based upon a high frequency of non‐dopaminergic mediated clinical features in DLB, we predicted that a motor subtype comprising postural instability and balance problems would be more common in PDD. We examined extrapyramidal, cognitive, and affective features in 38 PD, 43 PDD, and 26 DLB patients in a cross‐sectional study design. Motor subtype was subdivided into postural‐instability gait difficulty (PIGD) or tremor (TD) dominant. The PIGD‐subtype was more common in PDD (88% of cases) and DLB (69% of cases) groups compared with the PD group (38% of cases), in which TD and PIGD sub‐types were more equally represented (P < 0.001). Although the mean depression scores overall were modest, PDD patients scored significantly higher than PD, but not DLB patients (Cornell; P = 0.006, and Geriatric Depression scale, GDS‐15; P = 0.001), while within the PD group, those patients with a PIGD subtype had greater depression scores than the TD subtype (GDS‐15; P < 0.05). We conclude that non‐dopaminergic motor features are frequent in PDD. Neurodegeneration within the cholinergic system is likely to mediate many of these motor problems, as well as playing a significant role in determining the neuropsychiatric symptomatology of both PDD and DLB. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Life‐threatening respiratory failure due to cranial dystonia after dental procedure in a patient with multiple system atrophy
Authors: Hamzei Farsin , Rijntjes Michel , Gbadamosi Joystone , Fuchs Kornelius , Weiller Cornelius , Münchau Alexander 
Published: July 2003

AbstractWe report on a woman with a an 8‐year history of multiple system atrophy with predominance of parkinsonism who developed jaw‐locking oromandibular dystonia within hours after insertion of ill‐fitting dentures. Dystonia spread rapidly to involve other facial muscles and the larynx causing stridor with respiratory failure necessitating crush intubation. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Staged lesions through implanted deep brain stimulating electrodes: A new surgical procedure for treating tremor or dyskinesias
Authors: Raoul Sylvie , Faighel Mirella , Rivier Isabelle , Vérin Marc , Lajat Youenn , Damier Philippe 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThalamotomy and pallidotomy have been shown to have some efficacy for treating some movement disorders such as disabling tremor or parkinsonian levodopa‐induced dyskinesias (LID). Compared to continuous deep brain stimulation (DBS), this surgical procedure has the disadvantage of irreversibility and a lack of adaptability. Making a lesion involves a risk of inducing permanent side effects, especially if the lesion is large, or of observing a resurgence of the symptoms if the lesion is too small. We performed unilateral pallidotomy in one patient suffering from LID and unilateral thalamotomy in two patients suffering from tremor through the lead classically used for DBS. The technique of lead implantation was similar to that used for DBS treatment but, instead of connecting the lead to a pulse generator, it was left in place and used to make a radiofrequency lesion. This technique allowed the lesion to be kept as small as possible, thereby minimizing the risk of permanent side effects and made possible to extend the lesion if the symptoms reappeared. One lesioning session was enough to relieve tremor in the two patients treated by thalamotomy; three lesioning sessions over a 7‐month period were required to relieve drug‐induced dyskinesias in the patient treated by pallidotomy. In all 3 patients, disabling symptoms were still relieved without any permanent side effects 6 months after the last lesion was performed. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Cardiac MIBG scintigraphy is a sensitive tool for detecting cardiac sympathetic denervation in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Courbon Frédéric , Brefel‐Courbon Christine , Thalamas Claire , Alibelli Marie Jeanne , Berry Isabelle , Montastruc Jean‐Louis , Rascol Olivier , Senard Jean‐Michel 
Published: July 2003

Abstract[123I]Metaiodobenzylguanidine ([123I]MIBG) cardiac scintigraphy could be helpful to differentiate Parkinson's disease (PD) from multiple system atrophy (MSA), demonstrating that, in PD with autonomic failure but not in MSA, there is a myocardial postganglionic sympathetic dysfunction. To investigate whether this method is more sensitive than standard autonomic testing to detect early involvement of sympathetic cardiac efferent, we analyse MIBG myocardial uptake in 8 PD patients with normal autonomic testing (nondysautonomia PD group, NDPD) in comparison with 10 PD patients with abnormal autonomic testing (dysautonomia PD group, DPD) and 10 MSA patients. Global MIBG uptake was assessed using the ratio of [123I]MIBG uptake in the heart to the upper mediastinum (H/M) on planar scintigraphic data. Regional MIBG uptake was determined on two single photon emission tomography scans in regions of the left ventricle. The mean H/M ratios were significantly different among the three groups (P < 0.0001). H/M ratios of both NDPD and DPD patients groups (H/M = 1.83 ± 0.50 and 1.24 ± 0.40, respectively) were significantly lower than in MSA patients (H/M = 2.52 ± 0.60). However, in NDPD patients, H/M was significantly higher than in DPD patients. When compared to MSA patients, NDPD patients showed a regional reduction in MIBG uptake in all left ventricle regions markedly in the apex and the inferior wall. Our results suggest that MIBG myocardial scintigraphy (analysis of both H/M ratio and regional MIBG uptake) may be more sensitive than standard autonomic testing for the early detection of silent autonomic dysfunction in PD. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Influence of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 gene polymorphism on age at onset of sporadic Parkinson's disease
Authors: Nishimura Masataka , Kuno Sadako , Mizuta Ikuko , Ohta Mitsuhiro , Maruyama Hirofumi , Kaji Ryuji , Kawakami Hideshi 
Published: July 2003

AbstractWe studied polymorphisms in the genes for monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1) and CC chemokine receptor (CCR)‐2 in 171 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 340 controls. Although no associations were found in alleles or genotypes, MCP‐1 −2518A/G genotype affected the age‐at‐onset of PD patients. This effect was also detected in a second PD group, suggesting a possible involvement of MCP‐1 in PD. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Transplantation in Parkinson's disease: PET changes correlate with the amount of grafted tissue
Authors: Cochen Valérie , Ribeiro Maria‐Joao , Nguyen Jean‐Paul , Gurruchaga Jean‐Marc , Villafane Gabriel , Loc'h Christian , Defer Gilles , Samson Yves , Peschanski Marc , Hantraye Philippe , Cesaro Pierre , Remy Philippe 
Published: July 2003

AbstractAn erratum for this article appears in the January, 2004 issue of Movement Disorders (Mov Disord 2004;12:119).We compared the striatal uptake of [18F]fluorodopa with [76Br]‐FE‐CBT, a positron emission tomography (PET) ligand of the dopamine transporter (DAT), which estimates the density of dopamine nerve terminals, in 6 patients with Parkinson's disease grafted with fetal mesencephalic cells. There was no change in DAT ligand binding in the grafted putamen, despite a significant increase of [18F]fluorodopa uptake. This finding suggests that the clinical benefit induced by the graft is more related to increased dopaminergic activity than improved dopaminergic innervation in the host striatum and, therefore, that [18F]fluorodopa remains the optimal tracer to evaluate grafted PD patients. Further analysis showed that the clinical and [18F]fluorodopa uptake changes after the grafts were correlated with the number of ventral mesencephalae used for implantation. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Fipamezole (JP‐1730) is a potent α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist that reduces levodopa‐induced dyskinesia in the MPTP‐lesioned primate model of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Savola Juha‐Matti , Hill Michael , Engstrom Mia , Merivuori Hannele , Wurster Siegfried , McGuire Steven G. , Fox Susan H. , Crossman Alan R. , Brotchie Jonathan M. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractPrevious studies in the MPTP‐lesioned primate model of Parkinson's disease have demonstrated that α2 adrenergic receptor antagonists such as idazoxan, rauwolscine, and yohimbine can alleviate L‐dopa–induced dyskinesia and, in the case of idazoxan, enhance the duration of anti‐parkinsonian action of L‐dopa. Here we describe a novel α2 antagonist, fipamezole (JP‐1730), which has high affinity at human α2A (Ki, 9.2 nM), α2B (17 nM), and α2C (55 nM) receptors. In functional assays, the potent antagonist properties of JP‐1730 were demonstrated by its ability to reduce adrenaline‐induced 35S‐GTPγS binding with KB values of 8.4 nM, 16 nM, 4.7 nM at human α2A, α2B, and α2C receptors, respectively. Assessment of the ability of JP‐1730 to bind to a range of 30 other binding sites showed that JP‐1730 also had moderate affinity at histamine H1 and H3 receptors and the serotonin (5‐HT) transporter (IC50 100 nM to 1 μM). In the MPTP‐lesioned marmoset, JP‐1730 (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced L‐dopa–induced dyskinesia without compromising the anti‐parkinsonian action of L‐dopa. The duration of action of the combination of L‐dopa and JP‐1730 (10 mg/kg) was 66% greater than that of L‐dopa alone. These data suggest that JP‐1730 is a potent α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist with potential as an anti‐dyskinetic agent in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Cabergoline versus levodopa monotherapy: A decision analysis
Authors: Smala Antje M. , Spottke E. Annika , Machat Olaf , Siebert Uwe , Meyer Dieter , Köhne‐Volland Rudolf , Reuther Martin , DuChane Janeen , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Berger Karin B. , Dodel Richard C. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractWe evaluated the incremental cost‐effectiveness of cabergoline compared with levodopa monotherapy in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD) in the German healthcare system. The study design was based on cost‐effectiveness analysis using a Markov model with a 10‐year time horizon. Model input data was based on a clinical trial “Early Treatment of PD with Cabergoline” as well as on cost data of a German hospital/office‐based PD network. Direct and indirect medical and nonmedical costs were included. Outcomes were costs, disease stage, cumulative complication incidence, and mortality. An annual discount rate of 5% was applied and the societal perspective was chosen. The target population included patients in Hoehn and Yahr Stages I to III. It was found that the occurrence of motor complications was significantly lower in patients on cabergoline monotherapy. For patients aged ≥60 years of age, cabergoline monotherapy was cost effective when considering costs per decreased UPDRS score. Each point decrease in the UPDRS (I‐IV) resulted in costs of €1,031. Incremental costs per additional motor complication‐free patient were €104,400 for patients <60 years of age and €57,900 for patients ≥60 years of age. In conclusion, this decision‐analytic model calculation for PD was based almost entirely on clinical and observed data with a limited number of assumptions. Although costs were higher in patients on cabergoline, the corresponding cost‐effectiveness ratio for cabergoline was at least as favourable as the ratios for many commonly accepted therapies. © 20032003 Movement Disorder Society
Olfactory bulb in multiple system atrophy
Authors: Kovács Tibor , Papp Mátyás I. , Cairns Nigel J. , Khan M. Nadeem , Lantos Peter L. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractOlfactory dysfunction is a characteristic clinical sign in Parkinson's disease (PD); it is also present in multiple system atrophy (MSA). The pathological basis of hyposmia or anosmia in PD is well known: the olfactory bulb (OB) contains numerous Lewy bodies and severe neuronal loss is present in the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON). We established that glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) are present in all the OBs from MSA cases. Their presence in the OB is diagnostic for MSA. Additionally, neuronal loss is present in the AON in MSA. These pathological changes might be responsible for the olfactory dysfunction seen in MSA. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Mutation analysis of the parkin gene in Russian families with autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism
Authors: Illarioshkin Sergei N. , Periquet Magali , Rawal Nina , Lücking Christoph B. , Zagorovskaya Tatyana B. , Slominsky Pyotr A. , Miloserdova Olga V. , Markova Elena D. , Limborska Svetlana A. , Ivanova‐Smolenskaya Irina A. , Brice Alexis 
Published: July 2003

AbstractAutosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR‐JP) is a form of hereditary parkinsonism characterized by variable clinical presentations and caused by mutations in a novel gene, parkin, on chromosome 6q25.2–27. Until now, no Russian cases of parkin‐associated AR‐JP have been reported on. We recruited 16 patients from 11 Russian families with dopa‐responsive movement disorders according to the following criteria: 1) family history compatible with autosomal recessive inheritance; 2) onset of symptoms at ≤30 years of age; and 3) the lack of mutations in the GTP cyclohydrolase I gene (in sporadic cases). Mutation screening of the parkin gene was carried out by a semiquantitative PCR assay and direct sequencing of the coding region. Six different parkin mutations (both deletions and point mutations) were identified in the index cases from four families, including a novel point mutation in the donor splice site (IVS1+1G→A). The majority of our parkin‐associated cases were characterized by early‐onset dopa‐responsive parkinsonism with benign course and slow progression (5 patients from two families have been followed for as long as 18–36 years), and 1 patient had a phenotype of dopa‐responsive dystonia. This first description of Russian patients with AR‐JP and molecularly proven parkin mutations confirms the widespread occurrence of this polymorphic hereditary extrapyramidal disorder. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Delineating the sites and progression of in vivo atrophy in multiple system atrophy using fluid‐registered MRI
Authors: Schott Jonathan M. , Simon Jessica E. , Fox Nick C. , King Andrew P. , Khan M. Nadeem , Cipolotti Lisa , Paviour Dominic C. , Stevens John M. , Rossor Martin N. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractWe describe the pattern and progression of atrophy delineated using fluid registration of serial magnetic resonance imaging scans in a case of multiple system atrophy (MSA). The in vivo findings were consistent with those found at postmortem, including significant supratentorial atrophy concurrent with an unusual degree of cognitive impairment for MSA. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Myoclonus in spinal dysraphism
Authors: Warren Jane E. , Vidailhet Marie , Kneebone Christopher S. , Quinn Niall P. , Thompson Philip D. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractTwo cases of segmental myoclonus occurring in association with spinal dysraphism are described. In one, myoclonus of paralysed legs arose below a region of spinal cord lacking any normal function, illustrating the capacity of the isolated spinal cord to generate and maintain rhythmic activity independent of supraspinal influences. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
From functional neurosurgery to “interventional” neurology: Survey of publications on thalamotomy, pallidotomy, and deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease from 1966 to 2001
Authors: Hariz Marwan I. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractArticles on surgery for Parkinson's disease (PD), published between 1966 and 2001, were reviewed with respect to whether the first author had a neurosurgical affiliation, and whether the papers appeared in neurosurgical or non‐neurosurgical journals. Between 1966 and 1979, neurosurgeons and non‐neurosurgeons published almost equally on surgery for PD in both neurosurgical and non‐neurosurgical journals; between 1980 and 1995, the majority of publications were by neurosurgeons in neurosurgical journals; and after 1995, non‐neurosurgeons were more often first authors of surgical publications and these were more frequent in non‐neurosurgical journals. The fact that the first author of surgical publications on PD is often a non‐neurosurgeon may have some bearing on the reported results of surgery. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Spatial learning in rats is impaired after degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system
Authors: Mura Anna , Feldon Joram 
Published: July 2003

AbstractWe investigated spatial learning in rats with unilateral and bilateral lesions of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. We used the Morris water maze paradigm, which tests spatial forms of learning and memory and allows discrimination between sensory‐motor and learning disabilities. Animals were trained preoperatively to learn the location of a spatially fixed hidden platform to escape from the swimming pool (acquisition training). A visual and a probe test were used before and after the acquisition training, respectively. Our results show that animals with unilateral lesions, although displaying longer escape latencies, have normal spatial memory abilities. Animals with bilateral lesions were able to swim as fast or even faster than animals with unilateral lesion. Despite the fact that these animals had learned the spatial navigation tasks preoperatively, bilateral dopaminergic lesions led to a profound deficit in ability to find a hidden platform during an acquisition task. In general, animals with bilateral lesions persisted in swimming along the pool walls and their spatial navigation performance during a probe test was very poor. These results suggest that deficit of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system can affect the selection and maintenance of behavioral strategies in spatial navigation. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Network optimization in supply chain management and financial engineering: An annotated bibliography
Authors: Geunes Joseph , Pardalos Panos M. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractDuring the past decade, two relatively new application areas have attracted the attention of a growing number of researchers who specialize in applying optimization techniques to large‐scale real‐world problems. The now well‐known areas of supply chain management and financial engineering have provided extremely rich contexts for the definition of new large‐scale optimization problems, the solutions of which can provide substantial value to organizations. This paper discusses the extent to which network optimization approaches have contributed to the advancement of supply chain management and financial engineering research through an examination of past literature involving network optimization applications within these still emerging fields. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cycle embedding in faulty wrapped butterfly graphs
Authors: Tsai Chang‐Hsiung , Liang Tyne , Hsu Lih‐Hsing , Lin Men‐Yang 
Published: July 2003

AbstractIn this paper, we study the maximal length of cycle embedding in a faulty wrapped butterfly graph BFn with at most two faults in vertices and/or edges. When there is one vertex fault and one edge fault, we prove that the maximum cycle length is n2n − 2 if n is even and n2n − 1 if n is odd. When there are two faulty vertices, the maximum cycle length is n2n − 2 for odd n. All these results are optimal because the wrapped butterfly graph is bipartite if and only if n is even. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.