bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Circumstellar Environment of Tycho’s Supernova Remnant. I. The Hydrodynamic Evolution of the Shock
Authors: Kobashi Ryosuke , Lee Shiu-Hang , Tanaka Takaaki , Maeda Keiichi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Among Type Ia supernova remnants (SNRs), Tycho’s SNR has been considered as a typical object from the viewpoints of its spectroscopic, morphological, and environmental properties. A recent reanalysis of Chandra data showed that its forward shock is experiencing a substantial deceleration since around 2007, which suggests recent shock interactions with a dense medium as a consequence of a cavity-wall environment inside a molecular cloud. Such a nonuniform environment can be linked back to the nature and activities of its progenitor. In this study, we perform hydrodynamic simulations to characterize Tycho’s cavity-wall environment using the latest multiepoch proper motion measurements of the forward shock. A range of parameters for the environment is explored in the hydrodynamic models to fit with the observational data for each azimuthal region. Our results show that a wind-like cavity with ρ(r) ∝ r
−2 reconciles with the latest data better than a uniform medium with a constant density. In addition, our best-fit model favors an anisotropic wind with an azimuthally varying wind parameter. The overall result indicates a mass-loss rate which is unusually high for the conventional single-degenerate explosion scenario.
How Many Supermassive Black Hole Binaries Are Detectable through Tracking Relative Motions by (Sub)millimeter Very Long Baseline Interferometry?
Authors: Zhao Shan-Shan , Jiang Wu , Lu Ru-Sen , Huang Lei , Shen Zhiqiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The (sub)millimeter wavelengths (86–690 GHz) very long baseline interferometry will provide ∼5–40 μas angular resolution, ∼10 mJy baseline sensitivity, and ∼1 μas yr−1 proper-motion precision, which can directly detect supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) systems by imaging the two visible sources and tracking their relative motions. Such a way exhibits an advantage compared to indirect detect methods of observing periodic signals in motion and light curves, which are difficult to confirm from competing models. Moreover, tracking relative motion at (sub)millimeter wavelengths is more reliable, as there is a negligible offset between the emission region and the black hole center. In this way, it is unnecessary to correct the black hole location by a prior of jet morphology as it would be required at longer wavelengths. We extend the formalism developed in D’Orazio & Loeb (2018) to link the observations with the orbital evolution of SMBHBs from the ≲10 kpc dynamical friction stages to the ≲0.01 pc gravitational radiation stages, and estimate the detectable numbers of SMBHBs. By assuming 5% of active galactic nuclei holding SMBHBs, we find that the number of detectable SMBHBs with redshift z ≤ 0.5 and mass M ≤ 1011
M
⊙ is about 20. Such a detection relies heavily on proper-motion precision and sensitivity. Furthermore, we propose that the simultaneous multifrequency technique plays a key role in meeting the observational requirements.
The JWST Resolved Stellar Populations Early Release Science Program. IV. The Star Formation History of the Local Group Galaxy WLM
Authors: McQuinn Kristen. B. W. , B. Newman Max J. , Savino Alessandro , Dolphin Andrew E. , Weisz Daniel R. , Williams Benjamin F. , Boyer Martha L. , Cohen Roger E. , Correnti Matteo , Cole Andrew A. , Geha Marla C. , Gennaro Mario , Kallivayalil Nitya , Sandstrom Karin M. , Skillman Evan D. , Anderson Jay , Bolatto Alberto , Boylan-Kolchin Michael , Garling Christopher T. , Gilbert Karoline M. , Girardi Léo , Kalirai Jason S. , Mazzi Alessandro , Pastorelli Giada , Richstein Hannah , Warfield Jack T. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present the first star formation history (SFH) and age–metallicity relation (AMR) derived from resolved stellar populations imaged with the JWST NIRCam instrument. The target is the Local Group star-forming galaxy WLM at 970 kpc. The depth of the color–magnitude diagram (CMD) reaches below the oldest main sequence turnoff with a signal-to-noise ratio = 10 at M
F090W = + 4.6 mag. This is the deepest CMD for any galaxy that is not a satellite of the Milky Way. We use Hubble Space Telescope (HST) optical imaging that overlaps with the NIRCam observations to directly evaluate the SFHs derived based on data from the two great observatories. The JWST and HST-based SFHs are in excellent agreement. We use the metallicity distribution function measured from stellar spectra to confirm the trends in the AMRs based on the JWST data. Together, these results confirm the efficacy of recovering an SFH and AMR with the NIRCam F090W−F150W filter combination, and validate the sensitivity and accuracy of stellar evolution libraries in the near-infrared relative to the optical for SFH recovery work. From the JWST data, WLM shows an early onset to star formation, followed by an extended pause post-reionization before star formation reignites, which is qualitatively similar to what has been observed in the isolated galaxies Leo A and Aquarius. Quantitatively, 15% of the stellar mass formed in the first Gyr, while only 10% formed over the next ∼5 Gyr. The stellar mass then rapidly doubled in ∼2.5 Gyr, followed by constant star formation over the last ∼5 Gyr.
Light Curve of HT Cassiopeiae
Authors: Lawrence Elizabeth A. , Copperwheat Christopher M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Photometric observations of the eclipsing dwarf nova HT Cas are presented in its quiescent state on 2022 October 20th for one complete orbital period. These data were taken with the RISE imager mounted on the Liverpool Telescope. The lcurve code was used to fit the light curve. System parameters were derived of mass ratio q = M
2/M
1 = 0.15 ± 0.01, angle of inclination i = 80.°98 ± 0.°18 and white dwarf radius of R
1 = 0.0128 ± 0.0003R
⊙. This gives solutions for the masses of the white dwarf and donor star of M
1 = 0.571 ± 0.017M
⊙ and M
2 = 0.088 ± 0.005M
⊙. The disk radius and bright spot radius with the best fit from the model were R
disk = 0.51 ± 0.04a and R
spot = 0.32 ± 0.02a. These are consistent with previous published observations.
Evaluation of a Magnetic Field Inversion Method Using Only Stokes I
Authors: Ali Abduhla , Diercke Andrea , Hofmeister Stefan , Kuckein Christoph , Savin Daniel Wolf , Hahn Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We compare a method for inferring the photospheric vector magnetic field using only spectroscopy to a conventional method based on polarimetry. The magnetic field strength B and inclination angle can be inferred from the Zeeman splitting using only Stokes I. We applied this method to a sunspot observed with the Vacuum Tower Telescope and compared the results to vector magnetograms from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on the Solar Dynamics Observatory, which used a polarimetric inversion. The spectroscopic inversion tends to show higher values in B compared to the polarimetric data. In quiet regions the discrepancy in B was typically a factor of two. In the strong sunspot fields, the differences averaged ≈22%. These discrepancies are significant, but comparable to those typically found among magnetograms from different instruments. Our results support the use of the spectroscopic inversion technique to provide a fast and reasonable estimate of B.
A Comparison of Star-formation Histories Derived from UniverseMachine and LEGA-C at 0.6 < z < 1
Authors: Steel Cecilia , Pearl Alan , Kaushal Yasha , Bezanson Rachel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, we compare star formation histories of massive (10.5

<

log
(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)

<

12) galaxies in the UniverseMachine model to those measured from the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C) at 0.6 < z < 1. Following the LEGA-C study, we investigate how 50% (t
50) and 90% (t
90) formation timescales depend on total stellar mass. We find good agreement between the observed and model timescales for the star-forming population Δ t
SF ≲ 1 Gyr across the full mass range. In contrast, the observed age-mass correlation is weaker for the quiescent population compared to UniverseMachine models (Δt

Q
≲ 2 Gyr), especially at the high-mass end. This indicates continued star formation or additional processes in the most massive quiescent galaxies, a behavior not accounted for in the UniverseMachine model.
Déléguer pour mieux articuler
Authors: Malarmey Hélène 
Published: January 2024

Le recours à un service prestataire est souvent motivé par la nécessité de déléguer une partie des tâches qui nous incombe. En prenant l’exemple de la garde des enfants sur le temps périscolaire, cet article montre que le recours à des agences prestataires, spécialisées dans la garde d’enfants, correspond moins à une diminution du travail domestique et parental qu’à sa transformation. Largement subventionnées par les pouvoirs publics depuis les années 1990, ces agences apparaissent comme une nouvelle façon de penser l’articulation des temps de vie pour les parents actifs de classes moyenne et supérieure. Alors que le travail domestique et parental est encore largement assigné aux mères, celles qui travaillent recourent aux services d’agences lorsqu’elles ne peuvent faire appel aux solidarités familiales. Elles investissent ce service tant comme un moyen de déléguer la garde des enfants et la salarisation des intervenantes, que comme un mode de garde dont elles peuvent moduler la forme dans le sens de leurs pratiques et de leurs valeurs éducatives. S’appuyant sur des observations réalisées en agence et des entretiens auprès de parents-clients, d’intervenantes et de responsables d’agences, cet article montre que les mères actives voient leur charge mentale et gestionnaire s’accroître puisque l’encadrement de la main-d’œuvre et l’organisation de la prestation leur reviennent.
Electronic Health Literacy Among Baby Boomers: A Typology
Authors: Sudbury-Riley Lynn , FitzPatrick Mary , Schulz Peter J. , Hess Alexandra 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Forecasts suggest that older adults will place unprecedented demands on future health care systems. Electronic health (eHealth) resources can potentially mitigate some pressures, but to be effective patients need to be able to use them. The negative relationship between eHealth literacy and age usually results in older adults classified as one homogenous mass, which misses the opportunity to tailor interventions.

Objective:
This research examines similarities and differences within the baby boom cohort among a sample that uses the internet for health information.

Methods:

We used an electronic survey with random samples of baby boomers (
N
= 996) from the United States, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand.

Key Results:
Four distinct subgroups, or segments, emerged. While not different from a socioeconomic perspective, these four groups have very different levels of eHealth literacy and corresponding health behaviors. Therefore, we contribute a more complex picture than is usually presented in eHealth studies.

Conclusions:

Resulting insights offer a useful starting point for providers wishing to better tailor health products, services, and communications to this large cohort of future older individuals. [

HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2024;8(1):e3–e11.

]
Vaccine Molecule Design Based on Phage Display and Computational Modeling against Rhabdovirus
Authors: Zheng Yu-Ying , Zhao Liang , Wei Xue-Feng , Sun Tian-Zi , Xu Fei-Fan , Wang Gao-Xue , Zhu Bin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Rhabdoviruses with rich species lead a variety of high lethality and rapid transmission diseases to plants and animals around the globe. Vaccination is one of the most effective approaches to prevent and control virus disease. However, the key antigenic epitopes of glycoprotein being used for vaccine development are unclear. In this study, fish-derived Abs are employed for a Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) vaccine design by phage display and bioinformatics analysis. We constructed an anti-MSRV phage Ab library to screen Abs for glycoprotein segment 2 (G2) (G129-266). Four M13-phage-displayed Abs (Ab-5, Ab-7, Ab-8 and Ab-30) exhibited strong specificity to target Ag, and Ab-7 had the highest affinity with MSRV. Ab-7 (300 μg/ml) significantly increased grass carp ovary cell viability to 83.40% and significantly decreased the titer of MSRV. Molecular docking results showed that the key region of Ag–Ab interaction was located in 10ESQEFTTLTSH20 of G2. G2Ser11 and G2Gln12 were replaced with alanine, respectively, and molecular docking results showed that the Ag–Ab was nonbinding (ΔG &gt; 0). Then, the peptide vaccine KLH-G210–20 was immunized to M. salmoides via i.p. injection. ELISA result showed that the serum Ab potency level increased significantly (p &lt; 0.01). More importantly, the challenge test demonstrated that the peptide vaccine elicited robust protection against MSRV invasion, and the relative percentage survival reached 62.07%. Overall, this study proposed an approach for screening key epitope by combining phage display technology and bioinformatics tools to provide a reliable theoretical reference for the prevention and control of viral diseases.
Ease of Endotracheal Intubation with the Conventional Polyvinyl Chloride Endotracheal Tube versus Wire-reinforced Flexometallic Tube through the Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kalvapudi Devaki , Archana K. N. , Swamy Akshay Hiryur Manjunatha , Kumararadhya Girish Bandigowdanahalli , Shivakumar K. G. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
The I-LMA ventilates while providing a port for blind insertion of an endotracheal tube. The ILMA Fastrach is used especially for intubating in a difficult airway scenario. Its accompanying endotracheal tube is not economical nor readily available. In comparison, two alternative endotracheal tubes – polyvinyl chloride and wire-reinforced tubes were used for tracheal intubation through the ILMA

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of our study was to compare the ease of intubation when using conventional PVC tubes versus the wire-reinforced flexometallic tubes with the ILMA-FastrachTM. The number of attempts, time taken and additional maneuvers were noted. Intra-operative hemodynamic changes, post-operative sore throat, bleeding and hoarseness of voice was recorded over a period of 24 hours.

Methodology:
After informed consent, 60 ASA I-II patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia were allocated to undergo blind intubation with the PVC tube or the wire-reinforced flexometallic tube.

Results:
More attempts were required for successful intubation using the wirereinforced tube than the PVC tube with 76.7% passing in the first attempt in the PVC, and 53.3% passing in the first attempt in the flexometallic group. (P = 0.4). Average time for intubation in the PVC group: 28.24 ± 7.22 seconds. Average time for intubation in the flexometallic tube: 45.8 ± 15.78 sec. Occurrence of post-operative sore throat was 13.3% in the PVC group and 26.6% in the flexometallic group, with minimal hoarseness of voice 3.3% in the PVC group and 10% in the flexometallic group. There was also a slightly higher hemodynamic response in those who were intubated with the flexometallic tube than a PVC tube.

Conclusion:
Intubating via the ILMA-Fastrach with the PVC tube offered better intubating conditions with regards to lesser time taken, lesser attempts, less manipulation, and less hemodynamic variations as compared to the patients who were intubated using the wire-reinforced tube.
A Community-based Study on the Prevalence of Reproductive Tract Infections/Sexually Transmitted Infections and their Associated Factors among Married Women of Reproductive Age in Delhi
Authors: Doley Preety , Yadav Geeta , Muralidhar Sumathi , Gupta Monika 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Reproductive tract infections/sexually transmitted infections (RTIs/STIs) and their sequelae are an important public health problem, particularly among women. Although high prevalence of RTIs has been reported by community-based studies in India, very few of them have included asymptomatic women.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of RTIs/STIs based on symptoms, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations and factors associated with it among married women of reproductive age in an urbanized village in Delhi.

Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among married women in the age group of 15–49 years, residing in an urban field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine of VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital from November 2017 to April 2019. The study was carried out using an interviewer-administered questionnaire in the field followed by clinical examination and sample collection for investigations conducted at urban health training center.

Statistical Data Analysis:
Data were entered into MS Excel and analyzed using licensed the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0.

Results:
The prevalence of RTI/STI based on symptoms was 53.7%, clinical 39.2%, and laboratory confirmed 36.7%. The prevalence of laboratory-confirmed RTI/STI among asymptomatic women was 21.6%. Women using cloth during menstruation (odds ratio [OR] = 2.242), having a positive history of abortion (OR = 2.373), not using condoms during last sexual intercourse (OR = 1.998), and washing genital area with only water during menstruation (OR = 1.929) had higher odds of having RTI/STI.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of laboratory-confirmed RTI/STI among married women was quite high even among asymptomatic women indicating the need for opportunistic screening for RTI/STI among women visiting hospitals or health centers for other health problems for its early diagnosis and management.
Thyroid Hormone Levels in Term Neonates with Early-onset Sepsis and Healthy Controls in Northwest India
Authors: Manav Gargi , Meena Kailash , Garg Vijendra Kumar , Meena Shivlal , Kumari Pawan 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Neonatal sepsis is responsible for about 30%–50% of the total neonatal deaths in developing countries. Thyroid hormone changes are highly common in hospitalized patients or with critical illnesses. The aim of the study is to compare thyroid hormone profile in term neonates with early-onset sepsis (EOS) and healthy controls and their association with outcome of sepsis.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 150 neonates, 75 cases with EOS and 75 healthy controls, were included in this study. EOS was defined according to the European Medical Agency Sepsis Criteria of neonatal sepsis.

Results:
The mean free triiodothyronine and mean thyroid-stimulating hormone level in neonates with EOS were significantly lower than in control group.

Conclusion:
Neonatal sepsis causes significant alteration in thyroid hormone profile in term neonates with EOS.
What Do the Health-care Providers Perceive and Experience about Health and Wellness Center Façade Branding? A Study in a Tribal District of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Samal Janmejaya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Brands for services and health-care services for that matter can permeate unique meanings to consumers.

Objective:
The main objective of this study was to understand the perception and experiences of service providers about the health and wellness enter (HWC) branding.

Materials and Methods:
The study adopted a qualitative research method in which in-depth interviews of health-care service providers were carried out to capture their perceptions and experiences on HWC branding.

Results:
Two thematic areas emerged after the analysis of the collected data. Bada Hospital (Big Hospital): the service providers stated that the local inhabitants ask about the six thematic circles portrayed on the wall of HWCs and their role in this newly renovated building. After knowing the six priority service packages available, the locals perceived that this facility has now become a Bada hospital that can cater to their wider health-care needs. Incremental Trust: the service providers stated that the local tribal inhabitants, after perceiving this as a Bada Hospital, have started accessing health services in HWCs with less trust in faith healers. The locals also knew that the HWCs can provide them with medications including the injectables that they prefer the most and can also conduct some procedures, both medical and surgical, with adequate drugs, instruments, and consumables, thereby creating an incremental trust of the locals with 3–4 times more outpatient department footfall.

Conclusion:
The service providers perceive that the branding has created trust for the HWCs and improved the health-seeking behavior in the catchment areas.
Matrix Rhythm Therapy – A Novel Treatment
Authors: Deshmukh Aditi Kiran , Sheth Megha S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Matrix rhythm therapy (MRT) is an advanced electrotherapeutic modality, which works on mechanical and magnetic vibrations and delivers physiological rhythmical oscillations, whose frequency changes according to the individuals’ tissue requirement that synchronizes with internal body rhythm. The aim of the study is to find in which conditions MRT can be effective with or without conventional physiotherapy. Databases used were Google scholar, PubMed, with keywords MRT advance physiotherapy. Studies published in English, original articles from 2018 to 2023 were included. All types of studies were included: systemic reviews, reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), case series, and case report. Duplicate and irrelevant articles were excluded. Fifteen articles were found of which 9 studies were included. In this study, 1 systemic review, 1 review, 3 RCT, 1 case series, and 3 case reports were there. However, MRT with conventional physiotherapy was found to be superior in reducing pain and improving range of motion, strength, balance, gait parameters, muscle tone, strength, and quality of life. MRT may show great effects in decreasing spasticity when used with other conventional physical therapy. This brief study found that the MRT is effective, which exists as new development in the stream of physiotherapy. MRT is a recent tool in rehabilitation that is being used in conditions such as chronic back and neck pain, frozen shoulder, stroke, plantar fasciitis, decubitus ulcer, trigeminal neuralgia, oral submucous fibrosis, burns, and lymphedema.