bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Social Networking Platforms to Detect and Filter Fake News using Ensemble Learning
Authors: Zaheer Khurram , Talib Muhammad Ramzan , Hanif Muhammad Kashif , Sarwar Muhammad Umer 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Social networking platforms and news blogs are providing information to the public. Different business, political, and educational communities rely on these news sources for strategic decision-making. It is straightforward to quickly manipulate and spread real digital news to spread misinformation among communities to get a few benefits or relief. Therefore, an automated system is vital that can detect fake news early during monitoring before it is published online. Several studies have been conducted to detect fake news, focusing on resource-rich languages (mostly English). Because of a lack of annotated corpora, resource-poor languages such as Urdu have not been studied. The objective of this study is to provide an effective method for fake news detection from social media platforms in Urdu. Therefore, in this study, we propose a four-level methodology and perform extensive experiments to find out the best model for fake news detection from social media contents in Urdu. This study proposes a public corpus of Urdu news articles and a methodology for detecting early Urdu fake news. We apply eight machine learning and ensemble learning techniques to three Urdu news corpora. Our experiments show that Bagging with Decision Tree as base learner outperforms the others and obtained F-measure scores of 80.9% on UFN, 84.2% on BET, and 86.02% on FNAC.
Constant-head step-injection tests using a conventional straddle-sliding-packer system for investigating the shear compliances of minor faults
Authors: Ishii Eiichi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Low-permeability rock is suitable as the host rock of an underground repository for radioactive waste disposal; however, minor faults might develop there. Investigating the shear compliance of those faults is crucial because they could be elastically sheared by the thermal effect of the waste to damage the waste’s engineered barriers. This study performed constant-head step-injection tests along with a recently developed packer-pressure-based extensometer method for assessing the applicability of this method to investigate the shear compliance of minor faults. Herein, two neighboring minor faults (A and B) in siliceous mudstone were evaluated. The results showed that fault A, with centimeter-thick fault breccia, exhibited high shear compliance, whereas fault B, with millimeters or less-thick fault breccia, displayed low shear compliance despite containing an incohesive fault rock. An elastic shear displacement occurred for fault A during injection and reached 15–66 mm when the test-section pressure increased from 4.1 MPa to 4.3 MPa. Here, the shear compliance was 101mm/MPa or more. Conversely, fault B had cohesion, and shear displacement was undetected even when the test-section pressure increased from 4.0 MPa to 6.0 MPa. In this case, the shear compliance was 10− 1mm/MPa or less. The estimated shear compliances were consistent with the results from previous shear experiments, and therefore, the applied method helps investigate the shear compliances of minor faults.
Survival outcomes following interval versus primary debulking surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: A retrospective cohort study in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: OKUNADE Kehinde SHARAFADEEN , Adekanye Temitope V. , Osunwusi Benedetto , Soibi-Harry Adaiah , Okoro Austin C. , Toks-Omage Eselobu , Okunowo Adebola A. , Ohazurike Ephraim O. , Anorlu Rose I. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: There is conflicting evidence regarding the survival benefit of interval debulking surgery (IDS) compared to conventional treatment with primary debulking surgery (PDS) in women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).
Objectives: We compared the survivals following PDS followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) versus IDS after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in women with advanced EOC at the gynaecological oncology unit of a tertiary referral centre in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria.
Methods: The data of 126 women with advanced EOC who had standard treatment with either PDS and ACT or NACT and IDS between January 2008 and December 2017 were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier estimates of progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) time stratified by the types of upfront debulking surgery were calculated and compared by employing the log-rank test statistics. Cox proportional hazard models were then used to estimate hazard ratios of the association between the type of surgical debulking and survivals while adjusting for all necessary covariates.
Results: We recorded no statistically significant differences in PFS (adjusted hazard ratio=1.28, 95% confidence interval 0.82–2.01, P=0.282) and OS (adjusted hazard ratio=1.23, 95% confidence interval 0.68–2.25, P=0.491) between IDS and PDS among women with advanced EOC.
Conclusions: There is a need for a larger prospective multicenter study to further compare the impact of upfront surgical debulking types on the survival of women with advanced EOC in our setting. In the meantime, giving interval debulking surgery after a few courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be an acceptable standard of care for women with advanced EOC.
Ultrasound criteria of extra-nodal extension in papillary thyroid cancer metastases and its clinical signifcance
Authors: Parshin V. S. , Garbuzov P. I. , Polkin V. V. , Kupriyanova E. I. , Isaev P. A. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaprin A. D. 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the research was to identify ultrasound criteria of extranodal extension (ENE) in metastases of papillary thyroid cancer and to evaluate the clinical significance of ENE.Material and Methods. Ultrasound signs of ENE in 283 cervical lymph node metastases from papillary thyroid cancer were analyzed. Extranodal extension in 137 metastases was diagnosed by ultrasound and verified by histological examination. Micrometastases invisible on ultrasound were detected in 144 patients; metastases located inside the organ were detected in 147 patients; metastases located outside the organ were revealed in 136 patients; the size of 98 metastases was less than 1 cm; the size of 185 metastases was more than 1 cm; the age of 51 patients was under 55 years; 132 patients were older than 55 years. Diagnostic significance of ENE and its clinical significance were estimated according to χ2 Pirson criteria.Results: Two ultrasound criteria: shape change and blurred margins of metastases indicated the presence of ENE. The small number of ultrasound false-negative findings indicated the need for further research. The number of micrometastases not detected by ultrasound was 2-fold higher in patients who had metastases with ENE than in patients who had metastases without ENE. The number of patients with ENE in metastases inside the organ (T1a, T1b, T2 and T3b) was 2.7 times lower compared to patients with metastases developed outside the organ (T3a, T4a, T4b); ENE was observed in metastases of different size and did not depend on age groups.Conclusion. The ultrasound method allows intravital detection of ENE in metastases of papillary thyroid cancer. The extension is accompanied by a significantly high number of micrometastases in the neck tissue. It is detected more often in metastases located outside the organ, regardless of the size and age of the patients. The extra-nodal extension should be considered as a criterion for an unfavorable prognosis.
Diagnostic value of ICG for sentinel lymph node mapping in patients with stage I endometrial cancer
Authors: Alimov V. A. , Skugarev S. A. , Grekov D. N. , Novikova E. G. , Lantsov D. S. , Danilov A. M. , Sazhina A. V. , Afanasova P. N. 
Published: January 2024

Background. Lymphatic spread is the main route of metastasis in early stage endometrial cancer. Considering its significance, three risk factors of lymph node metastasis were identified. At a high risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with stage I endometrial cancer, pelvic and lumbar lymph node dissection is recommended. In low-risk patients, lymph node dissection is not performed. Lymph node dissection in medium-risk patients is considered as a staging procedure. However, in patients with aggravating factors that prevent extended hysterectomy, lymph node biopsy with ICG mapping and subsequent microstaging may be an alternative to lymph node dissection. Purpose of the study: to analyze the effectiveness of surgical approaches for staging endometrial cancer at different risk factors for lymphatic metastasis.Material and Methods. The treatment outcomes were retrospectively analyzed in 565 patients with stage I endometrial cancer treated at the gynecological oncology department of Botkin City Clinical Hospital and at the gynecological oncology department of Kaluga Regional Clinical Oncology Center from 2021 to 2023. All women were divided into three groups according to the risk factors of lymph node metastasis. Patients underwent hysterectomy, hysterectomy combined with pelvic or pelvic and lumbar lymphadenectomy, as well as hysterectomy with ICG mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy.Results. A total of 334 endometrial cancer patients underwent surgery at Botkin City Clinical Hospital. In the medium-risk group patients (n=94), who underwent hysterectomy with pelvic (n=36) and pelvic + lumbar lymphadenectomy (n=31), lymph node metastases were detected in 4 (11.1 %) and 6 (19.4 %) patients, respectively. In the high-risk group (n=50) with similar surgeries, metastatic lymph nodes were identified in 2 (10.5 %, n=19) and 6 (26.1 %, n=23) patients, respectively. At Kaluga Regional Oncology Center, 231 patients underwent hysterectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy. The low-risk group, the medium-risk group, and the high-risk group showed lymph node metastases in 7 (5.47 %), 6 (10.2 %), and 6 (13.6 %) patients, respectively.Conclusion. In stage I endometrial cancer patients with a low risk of lymph node metastasis, hysterectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy is recommended. For medium-and high-risk groups, hysterectomy with systemic lymphadenectomy is recommended. If it is not possible to remove the pelvic and lumbar lymph nodes, their biopsy with ICG mapping and microstaging can be recommended. A combination of systemic lymphadenectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy is a promising technique that could hypothetically demonstrate better results in terms of disease staging.
Withdrawn: Probucol will Become a New Model for Treating Cerebral Infarction with a High Risk of Hemorrhage
Authors: Lang Liguo , Zhang Jianying , Gao Huanmin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
This article has been withdrawn due to a plagiarism complaint regarding significant overlap with a previously published article
titled "Probucol will Become a New Model for Treating Cerebral Infarction with a High Risk of Hemorrhage: A Narrative Review," which appeared in Brain Circulation in 2023, Volume 9, Issue 4, DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_44_23.
The authors were informed of the plagiarism claim and were given the opportunity to provide a response or justification. However, no reply was received from the authors.
As a result, the publisher has withdrawn this article in accordance with ethical standards and best practices in scholarly publishing.
Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may cause.
The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php
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ADGRL4 Promotes Cell Growth, Aggressiveness, EMT, and Angiogenesis in Neuroblastoma via Activation of ERK/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Geng Geng , Zhang Lei , Yu Ying , Guo Xingqing , Li Qinghao , Ming Ming 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common pediatric
solid tumors. Emerging evidence has indicated that ADGRL4 can act as a master
regulator of tumor progression. In addition, it is well documented that the ERK/STAT3
signaling pathway can promote the proliferation, EMT, angiogenesis, and metastasis in
tumors. The current study was formulated to elucidate the exact role of ADGRL4 in the
malignant behaviors of NB cells and to investigate the intrinsic mechanism.

Methods:
In this work, expression differences of ADGRL4 in human NB cell lines and
HUVECs were assessed via RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. For functional
experiments, sh-ADGRL4 was transfected into SK-N-SH cells to generate ADGRL4
knockdown stable cell line. Moreover, ADGRL4 knockdown stable SK-N-SH cells were
treated with LM22B-10 (an ERK activator) for rescue experiments. CCK-8, colony
formation, would healing, and transwell assays determined NB cell growth, migration,
and invasion. Meanwhile, proliferation-, metastasis- and EMT- associated proteins
were also detected. Additionally, a tube formation assay was employed to evaluate in
vitro angiogenesis. VM-cadherin, the marker of angiogenesis, was assessed using
immunofluorescence staining.

Results:
Data showed notably upregulated ADGRL4 in NB cells, especially in SK-NSH
cells. ADGRL4 knockdown inhibited NB cell growth, migration, invasion, EMT, and
in vitro angiogenesis. ADGRL4 knockdown inactivated ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Activation of the ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway partially rescued the tumor
suppression effects of ADGRL4 knockdown on NB cells.

Conclusion:
To conclude, the downregulation of ADGRL4 may inhibit cell growth,
aggressiveness, EMT, and angiogenesis in NB by inactivating the ERK/STAT3
signaling pathway.
Overcoming Skin Barrier with Transfersomes: Opportunities, Challenges, and Applications
Authors: Dixena Bhupendra , Madhariya Rashmi , Panday Anupama , Ram Alpana , Jain Akhlesh K. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) offer several advantages over
traditional methods such as injections and oral administration. These advantages include preventing
first-pass metabolism, providing consistent and sustained activity, reducing side effects, enabling the
use of short half-life drugs, improving physiological response, and enhancing patient convenience.
However, the permeability of skin poses a challenge for TDDS, as it is impermeable to large molecules
and hydrophilic drugs but permeable to small molecules and lipophilic drug. To overcome this
barrier, researchers have investigated vesicular systems, such as transfersomes, liposomes, niosomes,
and ethosomes. Among these vesicular systems, transfersomes are particularly promising for noninvasive
drug administration due to their deformability and flexible membrane. They have been extensively
studied for delivering anticancer drugs, insulin, corticosteroids, herbal medicines, and
NSAIDs through the skin. Transfersomes have demonstrated efficacy in treating skin cancer, improving
insulin delivery, enhancing site-specific corticosteroid delivery, and increasing the permeation
and therapeutic effects of herbal medicines. They have also been effective in delivering pain relief
with minimal side effects using NSAIDs and opioids. Transfersomes have been used for transdermal
immunization and targeted drug delivery, offering site-specific release and minimizing adverse effects.
Overall, transfersomes are a promising approach for transdermal drug delivery in various therapeutic
applications.

Objectives:
The aim of the present review is to discuss the various advantages and limitations of
transfersomes and their mechanism to penetration across the skin, as well as their application for the
delivery of various drugs like anticancer, antidiabetic, NSAIDs, herbal drugs, and transdermal immunization.

Methods:
Data we searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect.

Results:
In this review, we have explored the various methods of preparation of transfersomes and
their application for the delivery of various drugs like anticancer, antidiabetic, NSAIDs, herbal drugs,
and transdermal immunization.

Conclusion:
In comparison to other vesicular systems, transfersomes are more flexible, have greater
skin penetration capability, can transport systemic medicines, and are more stable. Transfersomes are
capable of delivering both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, making them suitable for transdermal
drug delivery. The developed transfersomal gel could be used to improve medicine delivery through
the skin.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Thyroid Nodules: A Systematic
Review Based on Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Peng Yun , Wang Tong-Tong , Wang Jing-Zhi , Wang Heng , Fan Ruo-Yun , Gong Liang-Geng , Li Wu-Gen 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Thyroid nodules are common lesions in benign and malignant thyroid
diseases. More and more studies have been conducted on the feasibility of artificial intelligence
(AI) in the detection, diagnosis, and evaluation of thyroid nodules. The aim of this study was to
use bibliometric methods to analyze and predict the hot spots and frontiers of AI in thyroid nodules.

Methods::
Articles on the application of artificial intelligence in thyroid nodules were retrieved
from the Web of Science core collection database. A website (https://bibliometric.com/),
VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were used for bibliometric analyses. The collaboration
maps of countries and institutions were analyzed. The cluster and timeline view based on cocitation
references and keywords citation bursts visualization map were generated.

Results:
The study included 601 papers about AI in thyroid nodules. China contributed to more
than half (52.41%) of these publications. The cluster view and timeline view of co-citation references
were assembled into 9 clusters, “AI”, “deep learning”, “papillary thyroid carcinoma”,
“radiomics”, “ultrasound image”, “biomarkers”, “medical image segmentation”, “central lymph
node metastasis (CLNM)”, and “self-organizing auto-encoder”. The “AI”, “radiomics”, “medical
image segmentation”, “deep learning”, and “CLNM”, emerging in the last 10 years and
continuing until recent years.

Conclusion:
An increasing number of scholars were devoted to this field. The potential future
research hotspots include risk factor assessment and CLNM prediction of thyroid carcinoma
based on radiomics and deep learning, automatic segmentation based on medical images (especially
ultrasound images).
The Psychedelic Future of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment
Authors: Zaretsky Tamar Glatman , Jagodnik Kathleen M. , Barsic Robert , Antonio Josimar Hernandez , Bonanno Philip A. , MacLeod Carolyn , Pierce Charlotte , Carney Hunter , Morrison Morgan T. , Saylor Charles , Danias George , Lepow Lauren , Yehuda Rachel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can occur following
exposure to a traumatic experience. An estimated 12 million U.S. adults are presently affected by this
disorder. Current treatments include psychological therapies (e.g., exposure-based interventions) and
pharmacological treatments (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)). However, a significant
proportion of patients receiving standard-of-care therapies for PTSD remain symptomatic, and
new approaches for this and other trauma-related mental health conditions are greatly needed. Psychedelic
compounds that alter cognition, perception, and mood are currently being examined for their efficacy
in treating PTSD despite their current status as Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)-
scheduled substances. Initial clinical trials have demonstrated the potential value of psychedelicassisted
therapy to treat PTSD and other psychiatric disorders. In this comprehensive review, we
summarize the state of the science of PTSD clinical care, including current treatments and their shortcomings.
We review clinical studies of psychedelic interventions to treat PTSD, trauma-related disorders,
and common comorbidities. The classic psychedelics psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide
(LSD), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and DMT-containing ayahuasca, as well as the entactogen
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and the dissociative anesthetic ketamine, are
reviewed. For each drug, we present the history of use, psychological and somatic effects, pharmacology,
and safety profile. The rationale and proposed mechanisms for use in treating PTSD and traumarelated
disorders are discussed. This review concludes with an in-depth consideration of future directions
for the psychiatric applications of psychedelics to maximize therapeutic benefit and minimize
risk in individuals and communities impacted by trauma-related conditions.