bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailoring hierarchical porous core–shell SnO2@Cu upon Cu–Sn alloys through oxygen binding energy difference for high energy density lithium-ion storage
Authors: Yang Huan , Zhang Zhijia , Zhao Yuwen , Chen Yuefang , Sun Qi , Zhang Mengmeng , Zhang Yifang , Yu Zhenyang , Li Chunsheng , Sun Yan , Jiang Yong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rational design and construction of self-supporting anodes with high energy density is an essential part of research in the field of lithium-ion batteries. Tin oxide (SnO2) is restricted in application as a prospective high energy density anode due to inherent low conductivity and huge volume expansion of the charge/discharge process. A new strategy that combines high energy ball milling and nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method was employed to synthesize self-supporting electrodes in which porous SnO2 was encapsulated in a three-dimensional hierarchical porous copper (Cu) shell structure (3DHPSnO2@Cu). This unique structure was constructed due to the different binding energy of the alloy with oxygen, which are −0.91 eV for Cu41Sn11 and −1.17 eV for Cu5.6Sn according to the density functional theory calculation. 3DHPSnO2@Cu electrodes exhibited excellent discharge capacity with an initial reversible capacity of 4.35 mAh cm−2 and a reversible capacity of 3.13 mAh cm−2 after 300 cycles at a current density of 1.4 mA cm−2. It is attributed that the porous Cu shell encapsulated with porous SnO2 provides buffer volume. Among them, the SnO2-Cu-SnO2 interface increases the electrical conductivity and the porous structure provides ion transport channels. This strategy opens a new pathway in the development of self-supporting electrode materials with high energy density.
Impact of climate change on carbon emissions in future road design: frost protection of roads in temperate climates
Authors: Hannasvik Lisa Tronhuus , Kvande Tore , Bohne Rolf André , Gaarder Jørn Emil , Hoff Inge , Evensen Ragnar , Johansen Johnny M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The aim of this case study was to estimate the impact of future adaptation to climate change with respect to frost on emissions from road construction. Based on the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) published by the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change, the Norwegian Centre for Climate Services has predicted statistical frost quantities for the years 2071–2100 in Norway. Carbon emissions in production, loading, transportation, and construction related to the frost protection of roads were estimated based on the predictions and compared with frost protection based on frost quantities for the years 1981–2010. The case study covered two recently constructed four-lane highways in Norway that represent areas with minor and major frost quantities. Three alternative power sources for machinery and transportation were studied: fossil fuel, biofuel, and electricity. These alternatives were combined with two scenarios for climate change (RCPs): one intermediate (RCP4.5) and one business-as-usual scenario (RCP8.5). Based on the combined alternatives and RCPs, the estimated reduction in CO2-equivalents ranged from 22% to 90%.
Architecture of Actinoplanes missouriensis sporangia and zoospores visualized using quick-freeze deep-etch electron microscopy
Authors: Hu Shixuan , Tahara Yuhei O , Tezuka Takeaki , Miyata Makoto , Ohnishi Yasuo 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The architecture of sporangia and zoospores of Actinoplanes missouriensis was analyzed at a high resolution using quick-freeze deep-etch replica electron microscopy. This analysis revealed that (i) sporangia were surrounded by at least 2 membranous layers with smooth surfaces, (ii) zoospores were enclosed by a fibrillar layer, and (iii) flagella were generated in a restricted area on the zoospore surface.
EPIK: precise and scalable evolutionary placement with informativek-mers
Authors: Romashchenko Nikolai , Linard Benjamin , Pardi Fabio , Rivals Eric 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMotivationPhylogenetic placement enables phylogenetic analysis of massive collections of newly sequenced DNA, when de novo tree inference is too unreliable or inefficient. Assuming that a high-quality reference tree is available, the idea is to seek the correct placement of the new sequences in that tree. Recently, alignment-free approaches to phylogenetic placement have emerged, both to circumvent the need to align the new sequences and to avoid the calculations that typically follow the alignment step. A promising approach is based on the inference of k-mers that can be potentially related to the reference sequences, also called phylo-k-mers. However, its usage is limited by the time and memory-consuming stage of reference data preprocessing and the large numbers of k-mers to consider.ResultsWe suggest a filtering method for selecting informative phylo-k-mers based on mutual information, which can significantly improve the efficiency of placement, at the cost of a small loss in placement accuracy. This method is implemented in IPK, a new tool for computing phylo-k-mers that significantly outperforms the software previously available. We also present EPIK, a new software for phylogenetic placement, supporting filtered phylo-k-mer databases. Our experiments on real-world data show that EPIK is the fastest phylogenetic placement tool available, when placing hundreds of thousands and millions of queries while still providing accurate placements.Availability and implementationIPK and EPIK are freely available at https://github.com/phylo42/IPK and https://github.com/phylo42/EPIK. Both are implemented in C++ and Python and supported on Linux and MacOS.
Applications of artificial intelligence in power system operation, control and planning: a review
Authors: Pandey Utkarsh , Pathak Anshumaan , Kumar Adesh , Mondal Surajit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques continue to evolve, power systems are undergoing significant technological changes with the primary goal of reducing computational time, decreasing utility and consumer costs and ensuring the reliable operation of an electrical power system. AI techniques compute large amounts of data at a faster speed than numerical optimization methods with higher processing speeds. With these features, AI techniques can further automate and increase the performance of power systems. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of diverse AI techniques that can be applied in power system operation, control and planning, aiming to facilitate their various applications. We explained how AI can be used to resolve system frequency changes, maintain the voltage profile to minimize transmission losses, reduce the fault rate and minimize reactive current in distributed systems to increase the power factor and improve the voltage profile.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Reactivation and CMV-Specific Cell-Mediated Immunity After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy
Authors: Kampouri Eleftheria , Ibrahimi Sarah S , Xie Hu , Wong Elizabeth R , Hecht Jessica B , Sekhon Mandeep K , Vo Alythia , Stevens-Ayers Terry L , Green Damian J , Gauthier Jordan , Maloney David G , Perez Ailyn , Jerome Keith R , Leisenring Wendy M , Boeckh Michael J , Hill Joshua A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The epidemiology of cytomegalovirus (CMV) after chimeric antigen receptor–modified T-cell immunotherapy (CARTx) is poorly understood owing to a lack of routine surveillance.

Methods
We prospectively enrolled 72 adult CMV-seropositive CD19-, CD20-, or BCMA-targeted CARTx recipients and tested plasma samples for CMV before and weekly up to 12 weeks after CARTx. We assessed CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMV-CMI) before and 2 and 4 weeks after CARTx, using an interferon γ release assay to quantify T-cell responses to IE-1 and pp65. We tested pre-CARTx samples to calculate a risk score for cytopenias and infection (CAR-HEMATOTOX). We used Cox regression to evaluate CMV risk factors and evaluated the predictive performance of CMV-CMI for CMV reactivation in receiver operator characteristic curves.

Results
CMV was detected in 1 patient (1.4%) before and in 18 (25%) after CARTx, for a cumulative incidence of 27% (95% confidence interval, 16.8–38.2). The median CMV viral load (interquartile range) was 127 (interquartile range, 61–276) IU/mL, with no end-organ disease observed; 5 patients received preemptive therapy based on clinical results. CMV-CMI values reached a nadir 2 weeks after infusion and recovered to baseline levels by week 4. In adjusted models, BCMA-CARTx (vs CD19/CD20) and corticosteroid use for &gt;3 days were significantly associated with CMV reactivation, and possible associations were detected for lower week 2 CMV-CMI and more prior antitumor regimens. The cumulative incidence of CMV reactivation almost doubled when stratified by BCMA-CARTx target and use of corticosteroids for &gt;3 days (46% and 49%, respectively).

Conclusions
CMV testing could be considered between 2 and 6 weeks in high-risk CARTx recipients.
Transcriptome analysis of Lantana camara flower petals reveals candidate anthocyanin biosynthesis genes mediating red flower color development
Authors: Parrish Stephen Brooks , Paudel Dev , Deng Zhanao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Flower color plays a crucial role in the appeal and selection of ornamental plants, directly influencing breeding strategies and the broader horticulture industry. Lantana camara, a widely favored flowering shrub, presents a rich palette of flower colors. Yet, the intricate molecular mechanisms governing this color variation in the species have remained largely unidentified. With the aim of filling this gap, this study embarked on a comprehensive de novo transcriptome assembly and differential gene expression analysis across 3 distinct lantana accessions, each showcasing a unique flower color. By harnessing the capabilities of both PacBio and Illumina sequencing platforms, a robust transcriptome assembly, encompassing 123,492 gene clusters and boasting 94.2% BUSCO completeness, was developed. The differential expression analysis unveiled 72,862 unique gene clusters that exhibited varied expression across different flower stages. A pronounced upregulation of 8 candidate core anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in the red-flowered accession was uncovered. This was further complemented by an upregulation of candidate MYB75 (PAP1) and bHLH42 (TT8) transcription factors. A candidate carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD4a) gene cluster also manifested a marked upregulation in white flowers. The study unveils the molecular groundwork of lantana's flower color variation, offering insights for future research and potential applications in breeding ornamental plants with desired color traits.
Responsibility without Choice: Harare’s Baptist Christians and Normative Freedom Amidst Uncertainty
Authors: Williams Green Leanne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Baptists living in Zimbabwe’s capital city, Harare, engage with a long-standing debate in Christian theology and beyond: that of the relation between moral responsibility and human freedom. The presumption has often been that to be held morally responsible, a person must be free to choose and to act. The views of Harare’s Baptists directly challenge this understanding, with important outcomes for their political lives. I show ethnographically how they do so through the urgency of their daily moral deliberations as religious practitioners. Influenced by Augustinian theology, they treat moral responsibility as a condition of existence, irrespective of choice. I argue that they adhere to a “normative freedom” as an alternative to classically liberal perspectives or to freedom as outlined recently in anthropological discussions of ethics. I propose that attending to moral responsibility provides a key avenue for further theorizing diverse conceptions of human freedoms and the attendant political consequences.
Temporal Fascia Free Flap for Thumb Coverage in Electrical Burn Injuries: A Case Series Analysis With DASH Score Outcomes Evaluation
Authors: Lombardo Giuseppe A G , Donia Claudio , Ciancio Francesco , Russo Arcangelo , Stivala Alessio , Ranno Rosario 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Electrical burns pose unique challenges in reconstructive surgery due to the extensive tissue damage they cause. The thumb is particularly susceptible to electrical burns, leading to severe functional impairment. This case series introduces the use of the temporal fascia free flap for thumb coverage in patients with electrical burn injuries. The study aims to assess the functional outcomes of this approach using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. Six male patients underwent thumb reconstruction using temporal fascia free flaps following electrical burn injuries. The extent of the injury was assessed, and necrotic tissue was debrided. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the DASH questionnaire 6 months postoperation. All procedures were conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines, and informed consent was obtained from all patients. All patients achieved successful transplants using temporal fascia free flaps. The average DASH score at the 6-month follow-up indicated satisfactory functional recovery. Patients reported improvements in thumb mobility and functionality, and the cosmetic appearance of the thumb was acceptable. The appearance of the scar in the donor area was well-received. The temporal fascia free flap proved to be an effective method for thumb reconstruction following electrical burn injuries. Its thin and flexible nature allows for optimal contouring and improved range of motion. Although one case of partial flap loss was observed, overall functional and aesthetic outcomes were satisfactory. Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to optimize surgical techniques and postoperative care for better outcomes.
Biot's theory-based dynamic equation modeling using a machine learning auxiliary approach
Authors: Xiong Fansheng , Wang Bochen , Liu Jiawei , Guo Zhenwei , Liu Jianxin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Characterizing seismic wave propagation in a fluid-saturated porous media well enhances the precision of interpreting seismic data, bringing benefits to understanding reservoir properties better. Some important indicators, including wave dispersion and attenuation, along with the wavefield, are widely used for interpreting the reservoir, and they can be obtained from a rock physics model. In existing models, some of them are limited in scope due to their complexity, for example, numerical solutions are difficult or costly. In view of this, this study proposes an approach of establishing equivalent dynamic equations of existing models. First, the framework of the equivalent model is derived based on Biot's theory, while the elastic coefficients are set as unknown factors. The next step is to use deep neural networks (DNNs) to predict these coefficients, and surrogate models of unknowns are established after training DNNs. The training data is naturally generated from the original model. The simplicity of the equation forms, compared to the original complex model and some other equivalents such as the viscoelastic model, enables the framework to perform wavefield simulation easier. Numerical examples show that the established equivalent model can not only predict similar dispersion and attenuation, but also obtain wavefields with small differences. This also indicates that it may be sufficient to establish an equivalent model only according to dispersion and attenuation, and the cost of generating such data is very small compared to simulating the wavefield. Therefore, the proposed approach is expected to effectively improve the computational difficulty of some existing models.
Retrograde discs around one component of a binary are unstable to tilting
Authors: Overton Madeline , Martin Rebecca G , Lubow Stephen H , Lepp Stephen 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
With hydrodynamic simulations, we show that a coplanar disc around one component of a binary can be unstable to global tilting when the disc orbits in a retrograde direction relative to the binary. The disc experiences the largest inclination growth relative to the binary orbit in the outermost radii of the disc, closest to the companion. This tilt instability also occurs for test particles. A retrograde disc is much larger than a prograde disc since it is not tidally truncated and instead spreads outwards to the orbit of the companion. The coplanar retrograde disc remains circular while a coplanar prograde disc can become eccentric. We suggest that the inclination instability is due to a disc resonance caused by the interaction of the tilt with the tidal field of the binary. This model is applicable to Be/X-ray binaries in which the Be star disc may be retrograde relative to the binary orbit if there was a sufficiently strong kick from the supernova that formed the neutron star companion. The accretion on to the neutron star and the resulting X-ray outbursts are weaker in the retrograde case compared to the prograde case.
Neutrino-driven massive stellar explosions in 3D fostered by magnetic fields via turbulent α-effect
Authors: Matsumoto Jin , Takiwaki Tomoya , Kotake Kei 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigate the influence of magnetic field amplification on the core-collapse supernovae in highly magnetized progenitors through 3D simulations. By considering rotating models, we observe a strong correlation between the exponential growth of the magnetic field in the gain region and the initiation of shock revival, with a faster onset compared to the non-rotating model. We highlight that the mean magnetic field experiences exponential amplification as a result of α-effect in the dynamo process, which works efficiently with the increasing kinetic helicity of the turbulence within the gain region. Our findings indicate that the significant amplification of the mean magnetic fields leads to the development of locally intense turbulent magnetic fields, particularly in the vicinity of the poles, thereby promoting the revival of the shock by neutrino heating.
Scrub typhus in Northeast India: epidemiology, clinical presentations, and diagnostic approaches
Authors: Konyak Beyau M , Soni Monika , Saikia Shyamalima , Chang Tochi , Gogoi Indrani , Khongstid Ibakmensi , Chang Chung-Ming , Sharma Mohan , Pandey Ramendra Pati 
Published: November 2023

AbstractScrub typhus is one of the most neglected tropical diseases, a leading cause of acute undifferentiated febrile illness in areas of the ‘tsutsugamushi triangle’, diagnosed frequently in South Asian countries. The bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi is the causative agent of the disease, which enters the human body through the bite of trombiculid mites (also known as chiggers) of the genus Leptotrombidium deliense. Diagnosis of the disease is challenging, as its early symptoms mimic other febrile illnesses like dengue, influenza and corona viruses. Lack of rapid, reliable and cost-effective diagnostic methods further complicates the identification process. Northeast India, a mountainous region with a predominantly rural tribal population, has witnessed a resurgence of scrub typhus cases in recent years. Various ecological factors, including rodent populations, habitat characteristics and climatic conditions, influence its prevalence. Entomological investigations have confirmed the abundance of vector mites, highlighting the importance of understanding their distribution and the probability of transmission of scrub typhus in the region. Proper diagnosis, awareness campaigns and behavioural interventions are essential for controlling scrub typhus outbreaks and reducing its impact on public health in Northeast India. Further research and community-based studies are necessary to accurately assess the disease burden and implement effective prevention strategies.
Deciphering the Key Players of the Bacterial Microbiota Associated with Aerial Crown Gall Tumors on Rhododendron: Insights into the Gallobiome
Authors: Kuzmanović Nemanja , Nesme Joseph , Wolf Jacqueline , Neumann-Schaal Meina , Petersen Jörn , Fernandez-Gnecco Gabriela , Spröer Cathrin , Bunk Boyke , Overmann Jörg , Sørensen Søren Johannes , Idczak Elke , Smalla Kornelia 
Published: November 2023

Tumorigenic agrobacteria are widespread plant pathogens causing crown gall and cane gall diseases in various agricultural crops. These pathogens genetically transform the host plant and thus form an ecological niche (galls) in which specific metabolites (i.e., opines) are produced. Opines provide the pathogen with multiple competitive advantages, but they can also be utilized by other bacteria colonizing galls. To gain a thorough understanding of disease processes and ecology, it is necessary to consider the pathogen in the context of its microbial environment within the diseased plant (i.e., the pathobiome). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the bacterial pathobiome associated with aerial crown gall tumors (gallobiome) on rhododendron. For this purpose, a combination of cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent approaches were applied, which also involved development of a novel amplicon sequencing approach targeting the recA housekeeping gene. The 16S rRNA and recA gene amplicon sequencing clearly indicated that Rhizobium rhododendri and the group of Agrobacterium spp. primarily belonging to the so-called “rubi” clade were the dominant members of bacterial microbiota in rhododendron galls. While the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid-harboring R. rhododendri strains are causative agents of crown gall disease, Agrobacterium spp. strains isolated in this study were nonpathogenic and carried genes for the catabolism of opines, enabling these bacteria to efficiently colonize tumor tissue. Taken together, our results clearly showed that the tumorigenic R. rhododendri and nonpathogenic opine-catabolizing Agrobacterium spp. were the key players within the bacterial microbiota associated with aerial crown gall tumors on rhododendron. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .