bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Don’t let perfect be the enemy of good: how perfectionism influences human-centred designing engagement and communal design production in civil engineering
Authors: Al Kakoun Nathalie , Boy Frederic , Xavier Patricia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPerfectionism is a personality trait associated with a desire for flawlessness, high-standard expectations and criticism of the self and others. As engineering design seeks to address more wicked problems that move beyond technical considerations, it is possible that engineers with perfectionism may struggle to engage flexibly with complexity and more creativity-focused solutions. The present study seeks to understand perfectionism prevalence in an undergraduate cohort of civil engineers and the impact of this trait on complex design decisions and engagements that include social as well as technical considerations. 184 civil engineering students were involved in this study. We found that 74.5% of the engineers classify as perfectionists, with 68.5% of these perfectionists being maladaptive. Further, we examined how perfectionism associated with Communal Designs, a design approach that aims to meet physical community needs as well as more metaphysical, empathy-informed criteria. We found that although perfectionists were more likely to have higher scores of prosocialness and empathy, non-perfectionists were more likely to produce Communal Designs. This suggested an apparent intention-behaviour mismatch. Engineering students may have intended to but then failed to produce Communal Designs; this could also be explained via our finding that perfectionists tend to have higher social desirability scores. The results indicate that complex decision-making in engineering design cannot be separated from the mindsets and personalities of engineers. Strategies to mitigate the negative impact of perfectionism are discussed, including both supported exposure to open-ended, contextualised design, and the use of critical reflection. A regression model predictive of Communal Design production was also developed and discussed using engineering undergraduates’ personality characteristics’ scores as predictors.
Trauma-toxicology: concepts, causes, complications
Authors: Barth Holger , Worek Franz , Steinritz Dirk , Papatheodorou Panagiotis , Huber-Lang Markus 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTrauma and toxic substances are connected in several aspects. On the one hand, toxic substances can be the reason for traumatic injuries in the context of accidental or violent and criminal circumstances. Examples for the first scenario is the release of toxic gases, chemicals, and particles during house fires, and for the second scenario, the use of chemical or biological weapons in the context of terroristic activities. Toxic substances can cause or enhance severe, life-threatening trauma, as described in this review for various chemical warfare, by inducing a tissue trauma accompanied by break down of important barriers in the body, such as the blood-air or the blood-gut barriers. This in turn initiates a “vicious circle” as the contribution of inflammatory responses to the traumatic damage enhances the macro- and micro-barrier breakdown and often results in fatal outcome. The development of sophisticated methods for detection and identification of toxic substances as well as the special treatment of the intoxicated trauma patient is summarized in this review. Moreover, some highly toxic substances, such as the protein toxins from the pathogenic bacterium Clostridioides (C.) difficile, cause severe post-traumatic complications which significantly worsens the outcome of hospitalized patients, in particular in multiply injured trauma patients. Therefore, novel pharmacological options for the treatment of such patients are necessarily needed and one promising strategy might be the neutralization of the toxins that cause the disease. This review summarizes recent findings on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of toxic chemicals and bacterial toxins that contribute to barrier breakdown in the human body as wells pharmacological options for treatment, in particular in the context of intoxicated trauma patients. “trauma-toxicology” comprises concepts regrading basic research, development of novel pharmacological/therapeutic options and clinical aspects in the complex interplay and “vicious circle” of severe tissue trauma, barrier breakdown, pathogen and toxin exposure, tissue damage, and subsequent clinical complications.
A new bimodal approach for sentinel lymph node imaging in prostate cancer using a magnetic and fluorescent hybrid tracer
Authors: Michalik Bianca , Engels Svenja , Otterbach Maximilian C. , Frerichs Jorina , Suhrhoff Paula E. , van Oosterom Matthias N. , Maurer Martin H. , Wawroschek Friedhelm , Winter Alexander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To obtain initial data on sentinel lymph node (SLN) visualisation by pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intra-operative bimodal SLN identification using a new magnetic fluorescent hybrid tracer in prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Methods
Ten patients at > 5% risk for lymph node (LN) invasion were included. The day before surgery, a magnetic fluorescent hybrid tracer consisting of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) and indocyanine green was transrectally injected into the prostate. Five hours after injection, transversal pelvic MRI scans were recorded and T2*-weighed images were screened for pelvic LNs with SPION uptake. Intra-operatively, magnetically active and/or fluorescent SLNs were detected by a handheld magnetometer and near-infrared fluorescence imaging (FI). Extended pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) and radical prostatectomy completed the surgery. All resected specimens were checked ex situ for magnetic activity and fluorescence and were histopathologically examined.

Results
Pre-operative MRI identified 145 pelvic LNs with SPION uptake. In total, 75 (median 6, range 3‒13) magnetically active SLNs were resected, including 14 SLNs not seen on MRI. FI identified 89 fluorescent LNs (median 8.5, range 4‒13) of which 15 LNs were not magnetically active. Concordance of the different techniques was 70% for pre-operative MRI vs. magnetometer-guided PLND and 88% for magnetic vs. fluorescent SLN detection.

Conclusion
These are the first promising results of bimodal, magnetic fluorescent SLN detection in PCa patients. Our magnetic fluorescent hybrid approach provides the surgeon a pre-operative lymphatic roadmap by using MRI and intra-operative visual guidance through the application of a fluorescent lymphatic agent. The diagnostic accuracy of our new hybrid approach has to be evaluated in further studies.

Trial registration
DRKS00032808. Registered 04 October 2023, retrospectively registered.
Diaphragmatic hernia repair porcine model to compare the performance of biodegradable membranes against Gore-Tex®
Authors: Scuglia Marianna , Frazão Laura P. , Miranda Alice , Martins Albino , Barbosa-Sequeira Joana , Coimbra Diana , Longatto-Filho Adhemar , Reis Rui L. , Nogueira-Silva Cristina , Neves Nuno M. , Correia-Pinto Jorge 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Patch repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) using Gore-Tex® is associated with infection, adhesions, hernia recurrence, long-term musculoskeletal sequels and poor tissue regeneration. To overcome these limitations, the performance of two novel biodegradable membranes was tested to repair CDH in a growing pig model.

Methods
Twelve male pigs were randomly assigned to 3 different groups of 4 animals each, determined by the type of patch used during thoracoscopic diaphragmatic hernia repair (Gore-Tex®, polycaprolactone electrospun membrane-PCLem, and decellularized human chorion membrane-dHCM). After 7 weeks, all animals were euthanized, followed by necropsy for diaphragmatic evaluation and histological analysis.

Results
Thoracoscopic defect creation and diaphragmatic repair were performed without any technical difficulty in all groups. However, hernia recurrence rate was 0% in Gore-Tex®, 50% in PCLem and 100% in dHCM groups. At euthanasia, Gore-Tex® patches appeared virtually unchanged and covered with a fibrotic capsule, while PCLem and dHCM patches were replaced by either floppy connective tissue or vascularized and floppy regenerated membranous tissue, respectively.

Conclusion
Gore-Tex® was associated with a higher survival rate and lower recurrence. Nevertheless, the proposed biodegradable membranes were associated with better tissue integration when compared with Gore-Tex®.
Luminol and the postmortem interval estimation — influence of taphonomic factors
Authors: Ermida Catarina , Cunha Eugénia , Ferreira Maria Teresa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the key challenges for forensic anthropologists. Although there are several methods referenced for this purpose, none is sufficiently effective. One of the main reasons justifying the complexity of this task is the influence of several taphonomic factors.The study of the Luminol technique has stood out as a promising method for estimating PMI, complementing the existing methods, since it is an economic, easy and reproducible method that operates as a presumptive test. However, it is not known which taphonomic factors can influence the results obtained by this technique.The aim of this study is to test the influence of taphonomic factors, such as temperature, humidity, soil type and pH, on the estimation of the PMI by the Luminol technique.In order to test the influence of the referred factors, a sample consisting of 30 clavicles, with known and similar PMI, collected from autopsies, was distributed as evenly as possible by six vases and buried with different decomposition conditions for a period of 12 months. After the exhumation and sample preparation, the Luminol technique was applied.It was possible to clearly observe differences in the results. Thus, according to our research, it is possible to conclude that the results obtained by the application of Luminol are influenced by taphonomic factors. Therefore, the context in which a body is found should always be considered for applying this technique.
Taming impulsive high-frequency data using optimal sampling periods
Authors: Tzagkarakis George , Maurer Frantz , Nolan John P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOptimal sampling period selection for high-frequency data is at the core of financial instruments based on algorithmic trading. The unique features of such data, absent in data measured at lower frequencies, raise significant challenges to their statistical analysis and econometric modelling, especially in the case of heavy-tailed data exhibiting outliers and rare events much more frequently. To address this problem, this paper proposes a new methodology for optimal sampling period selection, which better adapts to heavy-tailed statistics of high-frequency financial data. In particular, the novel concept of the degree of impulsiveness (DoI) is introduced first based on alpha-stable distributions, as an alternative source of information for characterising a broad range of impulsive behaviours. Then, a DoI-based generalised volatility signature plot is defined, which is further employed for determining the optimal sampling period. The performance of our method is evaluated in the case of risk quantification for high-frequency indexes, demonstrating a significantly improved accuracy when compared against the well-established volatility-based approach.
Vortex formation time in female athletes
Authors: Cirovic Stefan , Malmgren Andreas , Kurdie Rayane , Bilal Dejan , Dencker Magnus , Gudmundsson Petri 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRegular, vigorous physical activity can have a significant impact on cardiac function, leading to cardiac morphological alterations that may be challenging to distinguish from pathological changes. Therefore, new screening methods are needed to accurately differentiate between adaptive changes and pathological alterations in athletes. Vortex formation time (VFT) is an emerging method that shows potential in this regard, as it involves the formation of a rotating vortex ring in the left ventricle during the early filling phase of diastole. In this study, we investigated the difference in VFT between two groups of women: professional handball players and healthy middle-aged female athletes, along with their corresponding control groups. By using echocardiography-Doppler analysis of the heart, VFT was calculated based on the left ventricular ejection fraction, the ratio between the end-diastolic volume and the diameter of the mitral annulus, and the ratio of the atrial contraction volume to the total inflow via the mitral valve. The study reveals a significant increase in VFT in both professional handball players and middle-aged female athletes compared to their respective control groups. Moreover, statistically significant differences between handball players and middle-aged female athletes were observed, indicating that the level of physical activity may affect the VFT. These results suggest that VFT could be a promising screening tool for identifying cardiac adaptations due to long-term vigorous training, potentially enabling more accurate diagnoses of cardiac morphological alterations in athletes.
Graphical abstract
Representation of the graphical abstract of the conducted research
The effect of eugenol anesthesia on the electric organ discharge of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus
Authors: Lehotzky Dávid , Eske Annika I. , Zupanc Günther K. H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEugenol, the major active ingredient of clove oil, is widely used for anesthesia in fish. Yet virtually nothing is known about its effects on CNS functions, and thus about potential interference with neurophysiological experimentation. To address this issue, we employed a neuro-behavioral assay recently developed for testing of water-soluble anesthetic agents. The unique feature of this in-vivo tool is that it utilizes a readily accessible behavior, the electric organ discharge (EOD), as a proxy of the neural activity generated by a brainstem oscillator, the pacemaker nucleus, in the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus. A deep state of anesthesia, as assessed by the cessation of locomotor activity, was induced within less than 3 min at concentrations of 30–60 µL/L eugenol. This change in locomotor activity was paralleled by a dose-dependent, pronounced decrease in EOD frequency. After removal of the fish from the anesthetic solution, the frequency returned to baseline levels within 30 min. Eugenol also led to a significant increase in the rate of ‘chirps,’ specific amplitude/frequency modulations of the EOD, during the 30 min after the fish’s exposure to the anesthetic. At 60 µL/L, eugenol induced a collapse of the EOD amplitude after about 3.5 min in half of the fish tested. The results of our study indicate strong effects of eugenol on CNS functions. We hypothesize that these effects are mediated by the established pharmacological activity of eugenol to block the generation of action potentials and to reduce the excitability of neurons; as well as to potentiate GABAA-receptor responses.
In vitro effects of a natural marine algae polysaccharide (λ-carrageenan) on seabream erythrocytes, tumour cell lines and marine bacterial pathogens
Authors: Campos-Sánchez Jose Carlos , Guardiola Francisco A. , Esteban María Ángeles 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCarrageenan is a high molecular weight sulphated polysaccharide used to induce experimental inflammation in mammals. In addition, it possesses a wide variety of properties that have not yet been studied in fish. This study evaluated the hemagglutinating, hemolytic, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities of λ-carrageenan. The results showed that λ-carrageenan has hemagglutinating and hemolytic activities on gilthead seabream erythrocytes, which were dose and time-dependent during the first 6 h of incubation. No significant effects on the haemolytic activity of erythrocytes were observed after incubation for 12 or 24 h with λ-carrageenan. The PLHC-1 cell line showed significant increases in cytotoxic activity after 6 or 12 h of incubation compared with control cells, and the highest doses of λ-carrageenan caused cytotoxicity in PLHC-1 cells after 24 h of incubation. The morphology of PLHC-1 cells incubated with the highest doses of λ-carrageenan for 12 or 24 h showed obvious cell death changes compared with control cells. Interestingly, no significant variations in cytotoxic activity were observed in SAF-1 cell line after incubation with λ-carrageenan. Furthermore, λ-carrageenan showed significant dose-dependent bactericidal activity against Photobacterium damselae but had no significant effect on the bactericidal activity of Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio anguillarum, and Tenacibaculum maritimum. The study suggests that λ-carrageenan has potential applications in aquaculture and aquatic pharmaceutical industries as a hemagglutinating, hemolytic, and antibacterial agent.
Recyclability of a bio-based biocomposite under different reprocessing conditions
Authors: Titone Vincenzo , La Mantia Francesco Paolo , Botta Luigi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present paper studies the effect of reprocessing, on both dry and wet reprocessing conditions, on the rheological and mechanical properties of a biocomposite made of a bio-based, biodegradable polymer with 40 wt% wood flour. The results show that the viscosity of the matrix decreases as the number of extrusions increases, with the greatest reduction for samples processed under wet conditions. The same behavior was observed for the biocomposite, but since the viscosity of the biocomposite is much higher than that of the matrix, this causes a greater reduction of molecular weight. Mechanical results show that properties such as tensile strength and elongation decrease as the number of extrusions increases for the matrix. In terms of maximum variations, the tensile strength experiences a decrease of approximately 18%, while the elongation at break shows a more significant reduction of about 40%. Conversely, the biocomposite shows an increase in tensile strength (about 30%) and elongation at break (about 90%) after the first extrusion and then a slight decrease, but with values of tensile strength and elongation higher than those of the virgin biocomposite.
How do American and British Nonsmokers Value Secondhand Smoke Health Risks?
Authors: Nduka Eleanya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite concerted efforts to enforce smoke-free laws in various countries, nonsmokers, particularly women and children, continue to be exposed to daily secondhand smoke (SHS), resulting in significant health risks. While existing studies have assessed the health effects of numerous diseases, the quantification of SHS spillovers remains understudied. This research employs choice experiments and contingent valuation techniques to rigorously quantify the attributes of SHS health risks, with a specific emphasis on facilitating cross-country comparisons. Our investigation reveals that nonsmoking individuals in the United Kingdom exhibit an attitude of indifference towards a proposed policy offering increased disposable income as compensation for SHS exposure. Conversely, nonsmoking Americans express a contrary perspective. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that nonsmoking Americans attribute a higher value to SHS health risks compared to their British counterparts. Consequently, this research uncovers a hitherto unexplored dimension of health risk-related behaviors. These findings hold the potential to significantly contribute to the development of future smoke-free policies, offering valuable insights that can inform policy decisions and address the persistent challenges associated with SHS exposure, particularly among vulnerable populations.
On the Telegraph Process Driven by Geometric Counting Process with Poisson-Based Resetting
Authors: Di Crescenzo Antonio , Iuliano Antonella , Mustaro Verdiana , Verasani Gabriella 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe investigate the effects of the resetting mechanism to the origin for a random motion on the real line characterized by two alternating velocities $$v_1$$

v
1

and $$v_2$$

v
2

. We assume that the sequences of random times concerning the motions along each velocity follow two independent geometric counting processes of intensity $$\lambda $$
λ
, and that the resetting times are Poissonian with rate $$\xi >0$$

ξ
>
0

. Under these assumptions we obtain the probability laws of the modified telegraph process describing the position and the velocity of the running particle. Our approach is based on the Markov property of the resetting times and on the knowledge of the distribution of the intertimes between consecutive velocity changes. We obtain also the asymptotic distribution of the particle position when (i) $$\lambda $$
λ
tends to infinity, and (ii) the time goes to infinity. In the latter case the asymptotic distribution arises properly as an effect of the resetting mechanism. A quite different behavior is observed in the two cases when $$v_2<0<v_1$$

v
2

<
0
<

v
1

and $$0<v_2<v_1$$

0
<

v
2

<

v
1

. Furthermore, we focus on the determination of the moment-generating function and on the main moments of the process describing the particle position under reset. Finally, we analyse the mean-square distance between the process subject to resets and the same process in absence of resets. Quite surprisingly, the lowest mean-square distance can be found for $$\xi =0$$

ξ
=
0

, for a positive $$\xi $$
ξ
, or for $$\xi \rightarrow +\infty $$

ξ
→
+
∞

depending on the choice of the other parameters.
Accuracy of Local Authority Population Forecasts Produced by a New Minimal Data Model: A Case Study of England
Authors: Rees Philip , Wilson Tom 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe preparation of forecasts for small and local area populations involves many challenges. Standard cohort-component models are problematic because of small numbers, which make estimation of rates unreliable. Because of this, the Synthetic Migration Population Projection (SYMPOPP) model was designed to forecast local populations without need for detailed area-specific information. This model had been used successfully for small area forecasts in Australia. The objective of the paper is to assess its performance when applied to local areas in England. The model uses a bi-regional structure based on a movement population account. Sub-models of total population change are employed to control future change. Fertility, mortality and migration rates are borrowed from national statistics, constrained to small area indicators. The model uses an Excel workbook with VBA routines and is relatively easy and quick to use. Model inputs were calibrated for 2006–2011 and used to forecast for 2011–2021. Results were tested against the census-based 2021 mid-year populations. A new error statistic, Age Structure Error, was used to evaluate Basic and Refined model versions against official projections. The two versions of SYMPOPP posted lower errors. The simple models had fewer areas with errors of 10% or more (12.3–12.6%) compared with the official projections (14.5% of areas). Investigation revealed that these errors occurred in local authorities with high military, student, prison, or ethnic minority populations, influenced by factors not captured in a projection model for the general population.