bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences between subclinical attention-deficit/hyperactivity and autistic traits in default mode, salience, and frontoparietal network connectivities in young adult Japanese
Authors: Hirata Risa , Yoshimura Sayaka , Kobayashi Key , Aki Morio , Shibata Mami , Ueno Tsukasa , Miyagi Takashi , Oishi Naoya , Murai Toshiya , Fujiwara Hironobu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are associated with attentional impairments, with both commonalities and differences in the nature of their attention deficits. This study aimed to investigate the neural correlates of ADHD and ASD traits in healthy individuals, focusing on the functional connectivity (FC) of attention-related large-scale brain networks (LSBNs). The participants were 61 healthy individuals (30 men; age, 21.9 ± 1.9 years). The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) and Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) were administered as indicators of ADHD and ASD traits, respectively. Performance in the continuous performance test (CPT) was used as a behavioural measure of sustained attentional function. Functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed during the resting state (Rest) and auditory oddball task (Odd). Considering the critical role in attention processing, we focused our analyses on the default mode (DMN), frontoparietal (FPN), and salience (SN) networks. Region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analyses (false discovery rate < 0.05) were performed to determine relationships between psychological measures with within-network FC (DMN, FPN, and SN) as well as with between-network FC (DMN-FPN, DMN-SN, and FPN-SN). ASRS scores, but not AQ scores, were correlated with less frequent commission errors and shorter reaction times in the CPT. During Odd, significant positive correlations with ASRS were demonstrated in multiple FCs within DMN, while significant positive correlations with AQ were demonstrated in multiple FCs within FPN. AQs were negatively correlated with FPN-SN FCs. During Rest, AQs were negatively and positively correlated with one FC within the SN and multiple FCs between the DMN and SN, respectively. These findings of the ROI-to-ROI analysis were only partially replicated in a split-half replication analysis, a replication analysis with open-access data sets, and a replication analysis with a structure-based atlas. The better CPT performance by individuals with subclinical ADHD traits suggests positive effects of these traits on sustained attention. Differential associations between LSBN FCs and ASD/ADHD traits corroborate the notion of differences in sustained and selective attention between clinical ADHD and ASD.
Diet-derived male sex pheromone compounds affect female choice in a noctuid moth
Authors: Zweerus Naomi L. , van Wijk Michiel , Schal Coby , Groot Astrid T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSexual signals often function in species recognition and may also guide mate choice within a species. In noctuid moths, both males and females may exercise mate choice. Females of the tobacco budworm Chloridea virescens prefer to mate with larger males, but the signal(s) underlying female choice remain unknown. Male hairpencil volatiles are emitted during close range courtship displays. However, previously identified male hairpencil volatiles, namely acetate esters, aldehydes, alcohols, and fatty acids, are not associated with female choice. Recently, two new hairpencil compounds were identified that elicit strong electrophysiological responses in female antennae: methyl salicylate (MeSA) and δ-decalactone. In this study, we investigated the effect of larval diet and adult feeding on MeSA and δ-decalactone content in hairpencils and determined whether these compounds are involved in female choice. We found that larval diet affected MeSA content in hairpencils, but not δ-decalactone. Conversely, adult feeding affected the level of δ-decalactone, but not MeSA: sugar-water feeding increased δ-decalactone content compared to plain water. In two-choice assays, females mated more with males that had higher amounts of δ-decalactone, and less with males with higher amounts of MeSA.
RNF2 regulates Wnt/ß-catenin signaling via TCF7L1 destabilization
Authors: Koo Youngmu , Han Wonhee , Keum Byeong-Rak , Lutz Leila , Yun Sung Ho , Kim Gun-Hwa , Han Jin-Kwan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Wnt signaling pathway is a crucial regulator of various biological processes, such as development and cancer. The downstream transcription factors in this pathway play a vital role in determining the threshold for signaling induction and the length of the response, which vary depending on the biological context. Among the four transcription factors involved in canonical Wnt/ß-catenin signaling, TCF7L1 is known to possess an inhibitory function; however, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we identified the E3 ligase, RNF2, as a novel positive regulator of the Wnt pathway. Here, we demonstrate that RNF2 promotes the degradation of TCF7L1 through its ubiquitination upon activation of Wnt signaling. Loss-of-function studies have shown that RNF2 consistently destabilizes nuclear TCF7L1 and is required for proper Wnt target gene transcription in response to Wnt activation. Furthermore, our results revealed that RNF2 controls the threshold, persistence, and termination of Wnt signaling by regulating TCF7L1. Overall, our study sheds light on the previously unknown degradation mechanism of TCF7L1 by a specific E3 ligase, RNF2, and provides new insights into the variability in cellular responses to Wnt activation.
Site suitability assessment for the development of wind power plant in Wolaita area, Southern Ethiopia: an AHP-GIS model
Authors: Benti Natei Ermias , Alemu Yewubdar Berhanu , Balta Mathewos Muke , Gunta Solomon , Chaka Mesfin Diro , Semie Addisu Gezahegn , Mekonnen Yedilfana Setarge , Yohannes Hamere 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe primary driver of economic growth is energy, predominantly derived from fossil fuels, the demand for which has experienced a significant increase since the advent of the Industrial Revolution. The emissions of hazardous gases resulting from the utilization of these fuels have been well acknowledged, therefore exerting a notable impact on the environment. In the context of Ethiopia, it is observed that despite the presence of ample renewable resources, the accessibility to power continues to be constrained. In order to effectively tackle this issue, it is imperative to redirect attention towards the utilization of renewable sources, such as wind energy, as a means of enhancing the existing power grid infrastructure. The present study used geospatial tools to evaluate the appropriateness of the Wolayita region for the establishment of a wind power facility. The process of site selection is guided by multiple factors, and a multi-criteria approach is facilitated through the utilization of Geographic Information System (GIS). The evaluation of seven characteristics was conducted utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology, which involved pairwise comparisons and weighted scoring. The process of suitability mapping involves the classification of locations into four distinct categories, which range from the most suitable to the least suitable. The findings demonstrate that the area of 0.628% (28.00 km2) is deemed the most suitable, while 54.61% (2433.96 km2) is considered somewhat acceptable. Additionally, 0.85% (37.85 km2) is identified as the least suitable, leaving a remaining 43.91% (1060.00 km2) that is deemed unsuitable. The central, northwestern, and southern regions are identified as optimal geographic areas. The results of this study facilitate the process of investing in renewable energy, thereby assisting Ethiopian authorities and organizations in promoting sustainable development. This report serves as a crucial reference point for the wind energy industry.
Scaling laws of failure dynamics on complex networks
Authors: Pál Gergő , Danku Zsuzsa , Batool Attia , Kádár Viktória , Yoshioka Naoki , Ito Nobuyasu , Ódor Géza , Kun Ferenc 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe topology of the network of load transmitting connections plays an essential role in the cascading failure dynamics of complex systems driven by the redistribution of load after local breakdown events. In particular, as the network structure is gradually tuned from regular to completely random a transition occurs from the localized to mean field behavior of failure spreading. Based on finite size scaling in the fiber bundle model of failure phenomena, here we demonstrate that outside the localized regime, the load bearing capacity and damage tolerance on the macro-scale, and the statistics of clusters of failed nodes on the micro-scale obey scaling laws with exponents which depend on the topology of the load transmission network and on the degree of disorder of the strength of nodes. Most notably, we show that the spatial structure of damage governs the emergence of the localized to mean field transition: as the network gets gradually randomized failed clusters formed on locally regular patches merge through long range links generating a percolation like transition which reduces the load concentration on the network. The results may help to design network structures with an improved robustness against cascading failure.
Circ_0004535/miR-1827/CASP8 network involved in type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Li Min , Zeng Ai , Tang Xinle , Xu Hui , Xiong Wei , Guo Yanying 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDiagnostic delay in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients often leads to a serious public health problem. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of disease will help develop more effective treatments. High-throughput sequencing was used to determine the expression levels of circRNAs, and mRNAs in health controls, T2DM patients, and T2DM with NAFLD patients. Differentially expressed genes (DEcircRs, DEmRs) in T2DM with NAFLD were identified by differential analysis. The miRNAs with targeted relationship with the DEcircRs and DEmRs were respectively predicted to construct a ceRNA regulatory network. In addition, enrichment analysis of DEmRs in the ceRNA network was performed. The expression of important DEcircRs was further validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The steatosis was detected in glucose treated LO2 cells by overexpressing circ_0004535, and CASP8. There were 586 DEmRs, and 10 DEcircRs in both T2DM and T2DM with NAFLD patients. Combined with predicted results and differential analysis, the ceRNA networks were constructed. The DEmRs in the ceRNA networks were mainly enriched in Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and apoptosis. Importantly, dual luciferase experiments validated the targeted binding of hsa_circ_0004535 and hsa-miR-1827 or hsa-miR-1827 and CASP8. qRT-PCR experiments validated that hsa_circ_0004535, and CASP8 was downregulated and hsa-miR-1827 was upregulated expression in peripheral blood of T2DM with NAFLD patients. Abnormal cell morphology, and increased lipid droplet fusion were observed in the glucose treated LO2 cells, overexpression of circ_0004535 and CASP8 ameliorated these changes. Our work provides a deeper understanding of ceRNA mediated pathogenesis of T2DM with NAFLD and provides a novel strategy for treatment.
An immunomodulating peptide with potential to suppress tumour growth and autoimmunity
Authors: Agrez Michael , Chandler Christopher , Thurecht Kristofer J. , Fletcher Nicholas L. , Liu Feifei , Subramaniam Gayathri , Howard Christopher B. , Blyth Benjamin , Parker Stephen , Turner Darryl , Rzepecka Justyna , Knox Gavin , Nika Anastasia , Hall Andrew M. , Gooding Hayley , Gallagher Laura 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCancers and autoimmune diseases commonly co-exist and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICI) exacerbates autoimmune pathologies. We recently described a lipidic peptide, designated IK14004, that promotes expansion of immunosuppressive T regulatory (Treg) cells and uncouples interleukin-2 from interferon-gamma production while activating CD8+ T cells. Herein, we report IK14004-mediated inhibition of Lewis lung cancer (LLC) growth and re-invigoration of splenocyte-derived exhausted CD4+ T cells. In human immune cells from healthy donors, IK14004 modulates expression of the T cell receptor α/β subunits, induces Type I IFN expression, stimulates natural killer (NK) cells to express NKG2D/NKp44 receptors and enhances K562 cytotoxicity. In both T and NK cells, IK14004 alters the IL-12 receptor β1/β2 chain ratio to favour IL-12p70 binding. Taken together, this novel peptide offers an opportunity to gain further insight into the complexity of ICI immunotherapy so that autoimmune responses may be minimised without promoting tumour evasion from the immune system.
Effects of low nitrogen on seedling growth, photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system of rice varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies
Authors: Qi Zexin , Ling Fenglou , Jia Dongsheng , Cui Jingjing , Zhang Zhian , Xu Chen , Yu Lintian , Guan Chenglong , Wang Ye , Zhang Mengru , Dou Jiaqi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNitrogen plays a significant role in influencing various physiological processes in plants, thereby impacting their ability to withstand abiotic stresses. This study used hydroponics to compare the effects of three nitrogen supply levels (1N, 1/2N and 1/4N) on the antioxidant capacity of rice varieties JJ88 (nitrogen efficient) and XN999 (nitrogen inefficient) with different nitrogen use efficiencies. The results show that compared with the XN999 variety, the JJ88 variety has stronger adaptability to low-nitrogen conditions, which is mainly reflected in the relatively small decrease in dry weight and net photosynthetic rate (Pn); In the early stage of low-nitrogen treatment (0–7 d), the $${\mathbf{O}}_{2}^{-}$$

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production rate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of JJ88 variety increased relatively slightly, but the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxide The activity of enzyme (POD) and catalase (CAT) increased significantly; After low-nitrogen treatment, the ASA–GSH cycle enzyme activity of JJ88 variety was relatively high, and the dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity after 14 days of low-nitrogen treatment was higher than that of 1N treatment; The content of reduced ascorbic acid (ASA) in non-enzymatic antioxidants was lower than that of 1N treatment after 14 days of low nitrogen treatment; The contents of oxidized dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and carotenoids (Car) were higher than those of 1N treatment after 21d and 14d of low nitrogen treatment respectively; The contents of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and proline (Pro) showed a larger upward trend during the entire low-nitrogen treatment period. In summary, the JJ88 rice variety has a strong ability to regulate oxidative stress and osmotic damage under low nitrogen conditions. It can slow down plant damage by regulating antioxidant enzyme activity and antioxidant content. This provides a basis for achieving nitrogen reduction and efficiency improvement in rice and the breeding of nitrogen-efficient varieties.
Efficacy and Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Non–Self-Fitting Presets Compared to Prescription Hearing Aid Fittings and a Personal Sound Amplification Product
Authors: Venkitakrishnan Soumya , Urbanski Dana , Wu Yu-Hsiang 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
In this study, we compare the efficacy and effectiveness of gain–frequency responses of evidence-based presets developed by our lab for over-the-counter hearing aids to conventional National Acoustic Laboratories' nonlinear fitting procedure, version 2 (NAL-NL2) gain–frequency response and to gain–frequency response of a personal sound amplification product (PSAP). We hypothesized that the hearing aids with our presets would perform better than a PSAP with poor frequency response and comparably to the hearing aid with NAL-NL2 frequency response.

Method:
We used a single-blinded, randomized cross-over design to compare audibility, speech recognition, sound quality, listening effort, and subjective preferences in 37 participants in laboratory settings and following field trials.

Results:
The presets developed in our lab showed comparable outcomes to the hearing aids with NAL-NL2 gain–frequency response in most measured domains. Performance with the presets was better than the PSAP gain–frequency response in the domains of listening effort and sound quality in laboratory testing and speech recognition in our real-world measures. We also found that most participants (54.05%) preferred our presets over the PSAPs and were willing to pay significantly more to purchase the hearing aids with our presets.

Conclusion:
Our evidence-based presets have better outcomes than a PSAP with a single, poorly suited frequency response while performing comparably to the clinical best-practice National Acoustic Laboratories condition.
Neural network channel estimator for time‐variant frequency‐selective fading channels
Authors: Barragam Vinicius Piro , Jerji Fadi , Akamine Cristiano 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe next generations of wireless communications systems are pushing the limits of the channel estimation methods utilized in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing receptors. This letter proposes a novel channel estimation method using a densely connected neural network considering the time‐variant frequency‐selective fading channel model. A fully connected deep neural network for the AWGN channel case is also proposed. The comparative complexity of the estimation for different channel models is also discussed. The simulation results demonstrate that the densely connected neural network method surpasses the minimum mean‐square error method performance for a signal‐to‐noise ratio ranging from 0 to 25 dB in the frequency‐selective channel.
Coordination of power system stabilizers using scenario based optimization for enhancement of small‐signal stability considering uncertainties
Authors: Tamang Binod , Gurung Samundra , Chapagain Kamal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a method based on scenario optimization and meta‐heuristic algorithm to optimize the power system stabilizers (PSSs) for enhancement of small‐signal stability (SSS) considering power system uncertainties such as photovoltaic generation, wind turbine generation, and load. The proposed method consists of two stages. In the first stage, the uncertainties are modeled using probability functions and scenarios are created based on them. These scenarios are then used to obtain a joint probability where the most likely probabilities are chosen for the second stage. The second stage utilizes these critical scenarios to formulate an optimization problem. The objective function of the optimization problem is to enhance system's small signal stability margin with PSS parameters as constraints. The proposed method is then solved using a new meta‐heuristic optimization algorithm known as Jelly Search Optimizer to obtain the optimized parameter of PSSs. The proposed method is tested on a two‐area and five‐area system, and the results show that the system SSS margin is improved for the majority of uncertainty situations. Moreover, the proposed method is around 1.6 times faster compared to the conventional probability method when tested in the modified two‐area system while 5.7 times faster when tested in the modified five‐area system.
Research on the strengthening and retrofitting methods of existing wind turbine foundations with embedded‐ring
Authors: Wang Wenming , Gao Yahui , Qiu Dapeng , Wang Zhen , Nie Peicheng , Ma Huichao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHigher demand for the load‐bearing ability of supporting foundations is required if its upper wind turbine is substituted by a larger one. Presently, there is a lack of strengthening and retrofitting methods for existing wind turbine foundations. A combined‐connection retrofitting method by adding anchor bolts to the existing wind turbine foundation with embedded‐ring is prompted in this study. Furthermore, a strengthening measure by adding a stiffening beam, expanding the foundation plate, and adding rock bolts to increase the ability to resist basal bending moment is proposed. Finite element analysis is conducted to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed strengthening and retrofitting methods for a 2 MW wind turbine foundation. The result shows that the peak stress of embedded‐ring is decreased by 36% by using the internal combined‐connection, and the peak tensile stress of concrete is reduced by 4.0%. When the external combined‐connection is adopted, the peak stress of the embedded‐ring is reduced by 69.3%, and the peak tensile stress of the concrete is reduced by 26.0%. It illustrates that the external combined‐connection method is more effective to increase the load‐bearing capability of the connection than the internal combined‐connection method. Additionally, the proposed strengthening measure by adding a stiffening beam, expanding the foundation plate, and adding rock bolts is effective to decrease the responses of foundation. The maximum tensile stress of concrete, the maximum compressive stress of concrete, and the maximum stress of the embedded‐ring are reduced by 19.8%, 31.3%, and 22.2%, respectively. To summarize, the proposed strengthening and retrofitting methods are capable of ensuring the safety and stability of higher‐power wind turbine operation.
Die Leberverfettung der Milchkuh: Teil 2
Authors: Martens Holger 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Leberverfettung bei Milchkühen ist das Ergebnis eines
gestörten Gleichgewichts zwischen der Aufnahme von freien
Fettsäuren (NEFA) in die Leberzellen im Verhältnis zur
Kapazität der Metabolisierung und der limitierten Abgabe als very low
density lipoprotein (VLDL). Die Leberverfettung mit dem Risiko einer Ketose hat
sich aufgrund der primären Selektion auf Milchleistung ohne ausreichende
Berücksichtigung der dieser Leistung zugrundeliegenden Mechanismen
ergeben und weist eine genetische Disposition auf. Mit dem neuen
Relativzuchtwert Gesamt der Deutsch Holstein Friesian Kühe wird dieser
Problematik (Ketoserisiko) Rechnung getragen und damit ein genetisch bedingtes
Gesundheitsrisiko bestätigt. Die ectopische Fettablagerung in der Leber schließt eine Reihe von
Reaktionsschritten wie Lipolyse, Aufnahme in die Leberzellen, Metabolisierung
und Abgabe als VLDL ein, die in unterschiedlicher Weise direkt oder indirekt im
Sinne einer Prophylaxe beeinflusst werden können. Diese
Möglichkeiten werden zum besseren Verständnis
pathophysiologischer Abläufe aufgeführt. Es handelt sich um die
Verfütterung einer glucogenen Diät, um kontrollierte
Fütterung während der Trockenstehperiode, den Zusatz von Niacin,
Cholin, Carnitin oder eine Reduzierung der metabolischen Belastung. Indirekt
können auch die Maßnahmen zu Prophylaxe der Ketose in diese
Diskussion einbezogen werden.