bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visible to mid-infrared giant in-plane optical anisotropy in ternary van der Waals crystals
Authors: Feng Yanze , Chen Runkun , He Junbo , Qi Liujian , Zhang Yanan , Sun Tian , Zhu Xudan , Liu Weiming , Ma Weiliang , Shen Wanfu , Hu Chunguang , Sun Xiaojuan , Li Dabing , Zhang Rongjun , Li Peining , Li Shaojuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBirefringence is at the heart of photonic applications. Layered van der Waals materials inherently support considerable out-of-plane birefringence. However, funnelling light into their small nanoscale area parallel to its out-of-plane optical axis remains challenging. Thus far, the lack of large in-plane birefringence has been a major roadblock hindering their applications. Here, we introduce the presence of broadband, low-loss, giant birefringence in a biaxial van der Waals materials Ta2NiS5, spanning an ultrawide-band from visible to mid-infrared wavelengths of 0.3–16 μm. The in-plane birefringence Δn ≈ 2 and 0.5 in the visible and mid-infrared ranges is one of the highest among van der Waals materials known to date. Meanwhile, the real-space propagating waveguide modes in Ta2NiS5 show strong in-plane anisotropy with a long propagation length (>20 μm) in the mid-infrared range. Our work may promote next-generation broadband and ultracompact integrated photonics based on van der Waals materials.
Plasma biomarkers predict Alzheimer’s disease before clinical onset in Chinese cohorts
Authors: Cai Huimin , Pang Yana , Fu Xiaofeng , Ren Ziye , Jia Longfei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlasma amyloid-β (Aβ)42, phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181, and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are promising biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, whether these biomarkers can predict AD in Chinese populations is yet to be fully explored. We therefore tested the performance of these plasma biomarkers in 126 participants with preclinical AD and 123 controls with 8–10 years of follow-up from the China Cognition and Aging Study. Plasma Aβ42, p-tau181, and NfL were significantly correlated with cerebrospinal fluid counterparts and significantly altered in participants with preclinical AD. Combining plasma Aβ42, p-tau181, and NfL successfully discriminated preclinical AD from controls. These findings were validated in a replication cohort including 51 familial AD mutation carriers and 52 non-carriers from the Chinese Familial Alzheimer’s Disease Network. Here we show that plasma Aβ42, p-tau181, and NfL may be useful for predicting AD 8 years before clinical onset in Chinese populations.
Interpretable spatial identity neural network-based epidemic prediction
Authors: Luo Lanjun , Li Boxiao , Wang Xueyan , Cui Lei , Liu Gang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEpidemic spatial–temporal risk analysis, e.g., infectious number forecasting, is a mainstream task in the multivariate time series research field, which plays a crucial role in the public health management process. With the rise of deep learning methods, many studies have focused on the epidemic prediction problem. However, recent primary prediction techniques face two challenges: the overcomplicated model and unsatisfactory interpretability. Therefore, this paper proposes an Interpretable Spatial IDentity (ISID) neural network to predict infectious numbers at the regional weekly level, which employs a light model structure and provides post-hoc explanations. First, this paper streamlines the classical spatio-temporal identity model (STID) and retains the optional spatial identity matrix for learning the contagion relationship between regions. Second, the well-known SHapley Additive explanations (SHAP) method was adopted to interpret how the ISID model predicts with multivariate sliding-window time series input data. The prediction accuracy of ISID is compared with several models in the experimental study, and the results show that the proposed ISID model achieves satisfactory epidemic prediction performance. Furthermore, the SHAP result demonstrates that the ISID pays particular attention to the most proximate and remote data in the input sequence (typically 20 steps long) while paying little attention to the intermediate steps. This study contributes to reliable and interpretable epidemic prediction through a more coherent approach for public health experts.
Evaluation of the mandibular condyles trabecular structure in patients with severe class III pattern: a computed tomography (CT) fractal analysis study
Authors: Afzoon Saeed , Ghorbani Farhad , Hasani Mahvash 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClass III malocclusion is a combination of dental and skeletal disorders that causes discrepancies in occlusion. Malocclusion can affect the structure of the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) resulting in many problems, one of which is affecting the internal structure of the bone. This study aimed to examine the morphological features of class III patients’ trabecular structure of the mandibular condyle in comparison with normal class I individuals using fractal analysis (FA). To study the internal structure of the mandibular condyle bone, Computed Tomography (CT) scans of 45 severe class III patients (age: 16–46) who were the candidates for orthognathic surgery were selected and matched by age and sex with 45 normal class I individuals. The trabecular bone structure of the left and right mandibular condyles in three CT planes of the study group and control group were evaluated employing the FA. The result of the present study indicated that the fractal dimensions (FD) values of class III patients were lower than those of the normal class I individuals in axial (class I: 1.31 ± 0.02, class III: 1.28 ± 0.02), sagittal (class I: 1.25 ± 0.03, class III: 1.19 ± 0.08), and coronal (class I: 1.5 ± 0.06, class III: 1.45 ± 0.07) planes (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the FD values of the males and females. The intra-group evaluation revealed that there was no correlation between age and FD values. No evidence of laterality was found regarding the FD values of the right and left condyles. Given the noticeable differences between the FD values, it can be implied that severe class III malocclusion may affect the trabecular pattern of the cancellous bone of the mandibular condyle compared to class I individuals. Therefore, due to the altered trabecular structure, clinicians should be cautious when planning treatments for these patients.
Mechanical superiority of Pseudoxytenanthera bamboo for sustainable engineering solutions
Authors: Jiyas N. , Sasidharan Indu , Bindu Kumar K. , Gopakumar B. , Dan Mathew , Sabulal B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe advancement in natural fibre composites has replaced synthetic fibres in various commercial sectors. Bamboo species possess high mechanical properties due to their lignocellulosic fibre content, which makes them suitable for engineering applications and potential alternatives to solid wood. However, despite Bamboo being composed of 130 genera and 1700 different species, out of which many still remains underexplored. In this study, we investigated the, Lignocellulosic profiling, fibre strength, and mechanical characterization of two species of Pseudoxytenanthera Bamboo: Pseudoxytenanthera ritchiei, Pseudopxytenanthera stocksii, and the results obtained were compared with Bambusa balcooa, one of the priority species of bamboo identified by The International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) was used to quantify the samples’ density, while SEM–EDX and FTIR spectroscopy were used for elemental analysis. The samples were then subjected to tensile test in addition, thermogravimetric analysis and water absorption test were carried out for the three species. The results showed that Pseudoxytenanthera species possessed superior chemical and mechanical characteristics compared to the priority species of bamboo used for composites. Out of the two Pseudoxytenanthera species studied, Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii exhibited the highest values of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, ash, carbon, and silicon, indicating its chemical superiority. Moreover, Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii also showed higher mechanical values for tensile strength, making it suitable for a variety of engineering applications. The TGA values also indicated that Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii is stable at high temperatures when compared with other natural fibres.
SaLT&PepPr is an interface-predicting language model for designing peptide-guided protein degraders
Authors: Brixi Garyk , Ye Tianzheng , Hong Lauren , Wang Tian , Monticello Connor , Lopez-Barbosa Natalia , Vincoff Sophia , Yudistyra Vivian , Zhao Lin , Haarer Elena , Chen Tianlai , Pertsemlidis Sarah , Palepu Kalyan , Bhat Suhaas , Christopher Jayani , Li Xinning , Liu Tong , Zhang Sue , Petersen Lillian , DeLisa Matthew P. , Chatterjee Pranam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProtein-protein interactions (PPIs) are critical for biological processes and predicting the sites of these interactions is useful for both computational and experimental applications. We present a Structure-agnostic Language Transformer and Peptide Prioritization (SaLT&PepPr) pipeline to predict interaction interfaces from a protein sequence alone for the subsequent generation of peptidic binding motifs. Our model fine-tunes the ESM-2 protein language model (pLM) with a per-position prediction task to identify PPI sites using data from the PDB, and prioritizes motifs which are most likely to be involved within inter-chain binding. By only using amino acid sequence as input, our model is competitive with structural homology-based methods, but exhibits reduced performance compared with deep learning models that input both structural and sequence features. Inspired by our previous results using co-crystals to engineer target-binding “guide” peptides, we curate PPI databases to identify partners for subsequent peptide derivation. Fusing guide peptides to an E3 ubiquitin ligase domain, we demonstrate degradation of endogenous β-catenin, 4E-BP2, and TRIM8, and highlight the nanomolar binding affinity, low off-targeting propensity, and function-altering capability of our best-performing degraders in cancer cells. In total, our study suggests that prioritizing binders from natural interactions via pLMs can enable programmable protein targeting and modulation.
Autistic Communication: A Survey of School-Based Professionals
Authors: Donaldson Amy L. , Zisk Alyssa Hillary , Eddy Brandon , corbin endever* , Ugianskis Melissa , Ford Erin , Strickland Olivia 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
Access to communication is a basic human right, yet autistic adults have reported challenges fully and effectively expressing themselves throughout childhood. This may be due to the historical (and ongoing) focus and prioritization of speech skills as a barometer of communicative success. The result is a lack of support for other forms of communication for children who may speak but still require support to fully meet their communication needs. This study aimed to examine the knowledge, experience, and training of school-based professionals in order to better understand one possible barrier to early communication access for autistic children.

Method:
Using a participatory research method, we designed and administered a 35-question online survey. A total of 567 participants completed the survey, including 465 special educators, 71 speech-language pathologists (SLPs), and 31 other professionals. A segment of the survey data was analyzed in R. Comparisons between and within the largest groups (SLPs and special educators) were made with nonparametric statistics, including Fisher's exact, Wilcoxon signed-ranks, and Quade tests.

Results:
SLPs and special educators differed significantly on a variety of survey measures, including undergraduate coursework in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and autism, caseloads, and confidence related to working with autistic students and AAC users. Regardless of profession, most respondents reported completing what they considered to be an AAC assessment.

Conclusions:
Increasing school-based professionals' knowledge related to autism and AAC, as well as opportunities to improve skills, is critical to resolving access and opportunity barriers for autistic children who speak but may benefit from AAC. Partnering with autistic people to better understand autistic speech and careful collaboration among team members are recommended.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24299422
Die interessante Technik – Koronare Translation mittels ventro-dorsaler Osteotomie und Korrekturspondylodese bei fixierter, koronarer und sagittaler Dysbalance
Authors: Hammer Alexander , Streikus Jonas , Zolotoverkh Oleksandr , Schnake Klaus John 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungKombinierte koronare und sagittale Dysbalancen erfordern teils sehr aufwändige operative Lösungen mittels kombinierter Osteotomieformen und Zugängen unterschiedlicher Invasivität, oftmals einhergehend mit einer hohen Begleitmorbidität. Wir zeigen den Fall einer kombinierten koronaren und sagittalen Dysbalance einer bereits voroperierten 67-jährigen Patientin mit einer schweren translationalen Gefügestörung in Höhe LWK1/2, welche vor allem für die koronare Dysbalance verantwortlich war und die operative Hauptherausforderung darstellte. Gelöst wurde diese kombinierte Dysbalance mit translationaler Gefügestörung mittels einer mehrzeitigen dorso-ventralen Korrektur. In erster operativer Sitzung erfolgte ein ALIF-Interponat LWK 4-SWK 1 und eine asymmetrische Osteotomie LWK 1/2. Danach wurde eine dorsale Implantatentfernung und Neuinstrumentierung von BWK 3 – S2-Ala-Ilium sowie Laminektomie LWK 1 durchgeführt. In der abschließenden Sitzung wurden eine Pedikelsubtraktion sowie eine manuelle Translation und Lordosierung in Höhe LWK 1/2 durchgeführt. Hierbei gelang die Korrektur mit Hilfe eines joystickartigen Systems mit einem Konstrukt aus Doppelkopfschrauben, zu Henkeln gebogenen Stäben und Stabfasszangen.Die vorgestellte Technik kann zur Korrektur ausgeprägter koronarer Fehlstellungen in Betracht gezogen werden.
Reflection by two level system: phase singularities on the Poincaré hypersphere
Authors: Lang Ben , Harbord Edmund , Oulton Ruth 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We consider the reflection of a photon by a two-level system in a quasi-one-dimensional waveguide. The waveguide polarisation at the location of the two-level system and the transition dipole are key determinants of the physics, controlling of the phase and amplitude of the scattered light in both directions. In most cases full control is possible by tuning only one of these two degrees of freedom. In reverse, this enables unique characterisation of the dipole from measurements of the scattered light. Phase singularities occur where the reflection coefficient is zero, with the (hyper-)spherical parameter space determining the dynamics of these singularities.
THPLM: a sequence-based deep learning framework for protein stability changes prediction upon point variations using pretrained protein language model
Authors: Gong Jianting , Jiang Lili , Chen Yongbing , Zhang Yixiang , Li Xue , Ma Zhiqiang , Fu Zhiguo , He Fei , Sun Pingping , Ren Zilin , Tian Mingyao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Quantitative determination of protein thermodynamic stability is a critical step in protein and drug design. Reliable prediction of protein stability changes caused by point variations contributes to developing-related fields. Over the past decades, dozens of structure-based and sequence-based methods have been proposed, showing good prediction performance. Despite the impressive progress, it is necessary to explore wild-type and variant protein representations to address the problem of how to represent the protein stability change in view of global sequence. With the development of structure prediction using learning-based methods, protein language models (PLMs) have shown accurate and high-quality predictions of protein structure. Because PLM captures the atomic-level structural information, it can help to understand how single-point variations cause functional changes.

Results
Here, we proposed THPLM, a sequence-based deep learning model for stability change prediction using Meta’s ESM-2. With ESM-2 and a simple convolutional neural network, THPLM achieved comparable or even better performance than most methods, including sequence-based and structure-based methods. Furthermore, the experimental results indicate that the PLM’s ability to generate representations of sequence can effectively improve the ability of protein function prediction.

Availability and implementation
The source code of THPLM and the testing data can be accessible through the following links: https://github.com/FPPGroup/THPLM.
Simultaneous Determination of Thirteen Iridoid Glycosides in Crude and Processed Fructus Corni from Different Areas by UPLC–MS/MS Method
Authors: Zhang Fan , Yan Yu , Xu Jie-Kun , Zhang Lin-Mei , Li Li , Chen Xin , Li Dong-Xu , Peng Ying , Yang Hua , Li Ling-Zhi , He Jun , Zheng Jiang , Zhang Wei-Ku 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fructus Corni (F. Corni) is the dried mature pulp of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc.(Cornaceae), which is rich in iridoids. In this study, a simple, sensitive and rapid UPLC–MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 13 iridoid glycosides of F. Corni from different areas. Specifically, we included five new compounds (cornusdiridoid C, cornusdiridoid E, cornusdiridoid F, 3′′,5′′-dehydroxycornuside and 2′-O-p-coumaroyl-kingiside) and isomers (2′-O-p-E-coumaroylloganin and 2′-O-p-Z-coumaroylloganin) for the first time in the quality markers of F. Corni. A total of 13 compounds and two pairs of isomers were well isolated and tested within just 14 min. All calibration curves showed good linear regression (r2 ≥ 0.99) within the tested concentration ranges. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were in the range of 0.19–1.90 and 0.38–3.76 ng/mL, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precision were &lt;3.21% and 12.49%, the RSD values of repeatability did not exceed 6.81% and the average recoveries were 90.95–113.59% for the analytes. All iridoid glycosides stabilized within 12 h (RSD &lt; 10.99%). This method has been successfully applied to the quality evaluation of crude and processed F. Corni from different areas. The determination of characteristic iridoid glycosides and isomers will provide a more reliable and comprehensive method for the evaluation of F. Corni.
Absence of visible infarction on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging despite the established diagnosis of myocardial infarction by 4th Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Salatzki Janek , Giannitsis Evangelos , Hegenbarth Anastasia , Mueller-Hennessen Matthias , André Florian , Frey Norbert , Biener Moritz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aims
Myocardial scarring due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can be visualized by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. However, a recent study revealed a group of Type 1 AMI patients with undetectable myocardial injury on LGE. This study aims to describe these cases in detail and explore possible explanations for this new phenomenon.

Methods and results
A total of 137 patients diagnosed with either ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI) diagnosed according to the 4th Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction underwent LGE-CMR after invasive coronary angiography. Fourteen of them (10.2%) showed no LGE and were included in the final study population. Most patients presented with acute chest pain, 3 patients were diagnosed as STEMI, and 11 as non-STEMI. Peak high-sensitive cardiac troponin T ranged from 45 to 1173 ng/L. A culprit lesion was identified in 12 patients. Severe coronary stenoses were found in five patients, while seven patients had subtotal to total coronary artery occlusion. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 10 patients, while 2 patients required coronary artery bypass grafting and no intervention was required in 2 patients. Cardiac magnetic resonance was performed 30 (4–140) days after the initial presentation. Most patients showed preserved left ventricular ejection fraction on CMR. No alternative reasons for the rise/fall of high-sensitive cardiac troponin T were found.

Conclusion
The absence of LGE on CMR in patients with Type 1 AMI is a new finding. While insufficient spatial resolution of LGE imaging, delayed CMR performance, spontaneous reperfusion, and coronary collaterals may provide some explanations, further investigations are required to fully understand this phenomenon.
Austerity Harmed Student Achievement
Authors: Pavese Caterina , Rubolino Enrico 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper shows that austerity spending cuts harmed student performance in standardised national tests. To identify this relationship, we use cross-municipality variation in the timing of eligibility for the Italian Domestic Stability Pact as an exogenous shifter of local public spending. We then compare test scores for students that were from the same municipality, but who were exposed to different levels of austerity cuts based on their birth year. Combining administrative data on public spending and test scores with an instrumental variable model, we show that the test score impact from austerity spending cuts is around 5.1% of a standard deviation in math and 4.6% in reading. These effects are more pronounced for children with limited resources at home. We provide suggestive evidence that school budget cuts account for most of the observed test score impact.
Building the future One Health workforce
Authors:   Organised by: ASPHER, EHMA
Published: October 2023

What are the skills required by new graduates seeking work in the public health and health care fields in the 21st century? Skills that will help them address the issues of global and planetary ill health, environmental degradation, increasing inequalities in health, disinformation, using the new tools of the digital revolution, new philosophies of care like ‘One Health’, and new ethical references. The plenary will seek to answer some of these questions using a mix of youth and experience, and hearing from work in progress defining the 21st century public health and healthcare skills our societies need. Lessons from the EHMA ‘BE-WELL’ programme and the ASPHER curriculum review.

Moderators:
Todorka Kostadinova, EHMA Board of Directors; Vice-Rector for International Cooperation, Accreditation and Quality, Medical University Varna, Bulgaria
Henrique Barros, Vice-President ASPHER

Keynote speakers:
Mary Codd, Associate Professor School of Public Health Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
George Valiotis, Executive Director EHMA

Panellists:
Lucy Nugent, President European Association of Hospital Managers and Chief Executive of Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Patrick Wall, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
Monica Georgiana Brînzac, EUPHAnxt coordinator, Research Assistant, Department of Public Health, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Milka Sokolović, Director General European Public Health Alliance
Victoria Stanford, Early career graduate of EHESP, Paris, France and Specialty Registrar in Public Health, Shropshire, UK