bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unrestricted kinematic alignment corrects fixed flexion contracture in robotically aligned total knees without raising the joint line in extension
Authors: Sappey‐Marinier Elliot , Bini Stefano 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeMechanically Aligned Total Knee Arthroplasty (MA TKA) typically addresses fixed flexion contractures (FFC) by raising the joint line during extension. However, in unrestricted Kinematically Aligned TKA (KA TKA) utilizing a caliper‐based resection technique, the joint line is not raised. This study aims to determine the efficacy of KA TKA in restoring full extension in patients with FFC without increasing distal femoral resection, considering tibial bone resection and sagittal component positioning.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted by a single surgeon, involving patients who underwent primary robotically assisted cruciate retaining unrestricted KA TKA between June 1, 2021, and December 1, 2022. Complete intraoperative resection and alignment data were recorded, including the thickness of distal femoral and proximal tibial bone cuts. Patients with a preoperative FFC ≥ 5° (study group) were compared to those with FFC < 5° (control group). The impact of variations in tibial resection and sagittal component positioning was assessed by comparing the heights of medial and lateral resections, sagittal femoral component flexion, and tibial slope. Group comparisons were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.ResultsA total of 48 KA TKA procedures met the inclusion criteria, with 24 performed on women. The mean preoperative FFC in the study group was 11.2° (range: 5–25°), while the control group exhibited 1° (range: 0–4°) (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences observed between the study and control groups in terms of distal femoral resections, both medially (p = 0.14) and laterally (p = 0.23), as well as tibial resection heights, both medially (p = 0.66) and laterally (p = 0.74). The alignment of the femoral component flexion and tibial slope was comparable between the two groups (p = 0.31 and p = 0.54, respectively). All patients achieved within 5 degrees of full extension at closure.ConclusionRobotic arm‐assisted unrestricted KA TKA effectively restores full extension without raising the joint line during extension for patients with a preoperative fixed flexion contracture.Level of evidenceIII.
Development of synthetic modulator enabling long-term propagation and neurogenesis of human embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells
Authors: Liao Ceheng , Guan Ying , Zheng Jihui , Wang Xue , Wang Meixia , Zhu Zhouhai , Peng Qiyuan , Wang Hong-Hui , Li Meng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeural progenitor cells (NPCs) are essential for in vitro drug screening and cell-based therapies for brain-related disorders, necessitating well-defined and reproducible culture systems. Current strategies employing protein growth factors pose challenges in terms of both reproducibility and cost. In this study, we developed a novel DNA-based modulator to regulate FGFR signaling in NPCs, thereby facilitating the long-term maintenance of stemness and promoting neurogenesis. This DNA-based FGFR-agonist effectively stimulated FGFR1 phosphorylation and activated the downstream ERK signaling pathway in human embryonic stem cell (HESC)-derived NPCs. We replaced the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the culture medium with our DNA-based FGFR-agonist to artificially modulate FGFR signaling in NPCs. Utilizing a combination of cell experiments and bioinformatics analyses, we showed that our FGFR-agonist could enhance NPC proliferation, direct migration, and promote neurosphere formation, thus mimicking the functions of bFGF. Notably, transcriptomic analysis indicated that the FGFR-agonist could specifically influence the transcriptional program associated with stemness while maintaining the neuronal differentiation program, closely resembling the effects of bFGF. Furthermore, our culture conditions allowed for the successful propagation of NPCs through over 50 passages while retaining their ability to efficiently differentiate into neurons. Collectively, our approach offers a highly effective method for expanding NPCs, thereby providing new avenues for disease-in-dish research and drug screening aimed at combating neural degeneration.
Cardiac electrical abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors: a systematic review
Authors: Bertrand Émilie , Caru Maxime , Harvey Audrey , Dodin Philippe , Jacquemet Vincent , Curnier Daniel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim was to provide evidence about the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of cardiac electrical abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors.MethodsWe included all original studies reporting the incidence and/or prevalence of cardiac electrical abnormalities and/or risk factors associated with cardiac electrical abnormalities in childhood ALL survivors (< 21 years old at the time of their initial cancer diagnosis) who were post-treatment. Searches of the databases PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process, In-Data-Review & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Daily and Versions(R), Ovid All EBM Reviews, Ovid Embase, and ISI Web of Science were completed in May 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using the standard JBI critical appraisal checklists.ResultsThe 11 studies included in this review (N = 1,264 participants) evaluated various parameters, including different cardiac electrical abnormalities. Five studies reported heart rate abnormalities (0–68%), six reported repolarization disorders (0–30%), two reported depolarization disorders (0–1%), seven reported rhythm disturbances or abnormalities (0–100%), four reported conduction disorders (0–10%), and three reported unclassified abnormalities (1–38%). No risk factors were reported.ConclusionsElectrical heart problems have been observed in childhood ALL survivors after completion of treatment. Large prospective studies in childhood ALL survivors, clear definitions of cardiac electrical abnormalities, and comparison with a control group are warranted.Implications for cancer survivorsCardiac electrical abnormalities induced by chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity in the growing population of childhood ALL survivors need to be better characterized to ensure better long-term follow-up and improve overall survival rate.
A study of the anticancer potential of Pluronic F-127 encapsulated Fe2O3 nanoparticles derived from Berberis vulgaris extract
Authors: Alzahrani Abdullah R. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The study synthesized Pluronic F-127 nanoparticles that encapsulate Fe2O3 (PF127Fe2O3NPs), nanoparticles, characterized their formation, and evaluated their cytotoxicity and anticancer activity using Berberis vulgaris leaf extract, using various analytical methods such as FTIR, Ultraviolet-visible, photoluminescence, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, and morphology analysis. We assessed the antioxidant properties of PF127Fe2O3NPs, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis through 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining in breast cancer cells, such as MCF7, and MDA-MB-231. The characterization results demonstrated that PF-127 was coated with Fe2O3 nanoparticles. MTT assay data revealed that PF127Fe2O3NPs effectively prevent cancer cells from proliferating and act as an anticancer drug. The antimicrobial results revealed that the fabricated nanoparticles are effective against gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Shigella dysenteriae) and gram-positive (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis) bacteria. Treatment of PF127Fe2O3NPs in a dose-dependent manner on MCF7, and MDA-MB-231, exhibited increased antioxidant activity, nuclear damage, and apoptotic activity. These results confirm the apoptotic activity of PF127Fe2O3NPs. The study concludes that MCF7 appears to be more sensitive to PF127Fe2O3NPs than MDA-MB-231. In conclusion, we have found that it can be used as an effective antioxidant and anticancer agent in therapeutics.
A deep neural network model for paternity testing based on 15-loci STR for Iraqi families
Authors: Khalid Donya A. , Nafea Nasser 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Paternity testing using a deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) profile is an essential branch of forensic science, and DNA short tandem repeat (STR) is usually used for this purpose. Nowadays, in third-world countries, conventional kinship analysis techniques used in forensic investigations result in inadequate accuracy measurements, especially when dealing with large human STR datasets; they compare human profiles manually so that the number of samples is limited due to the required human efforts and time consumption. By utilizing automation made possible by AI, forensic investigations are conducted more efficiently, saving both time conception and cost. In this article, we propose a new algorithm for predicting paternity based on the 15-loci STR-DNA datasets using a deep neural network (DNN), where comparisons among many human profiles are held regardless of the limitation of the number of samples. For the purpose of paternity testing, familial data are artificially created based on the real data of individual Iraqi people from Al-Najaf province. Such action helps to overcome the shortage of Iraqi data due to restricted policies and the secrecy of familial datasets. About 53,530 datasets are used in the proposed DNN model for the purpose of training and testing. The Keras library based on Python is used to implement and test the proposed system, as well as the confusion matrix and receiver operating characteristic curve for system evaluation. The system shows excellent accuracy of 99.6% in paternity tests, which is the highest accuracy compared to the existing works. This system shows a good attempt at testing paternity based on a technique of artificial intelligence.
The θ-derivative as unifying framework of a class of derivatives
Authors: AL Nuwairan Muneerah 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this article, we develop a unified framework for studying some derivatives defined as limits. This framework, the

θ

\theta

-derivative, is used to investigate the relationships between these derivatives and their relation to the ordinary derivative. It is shown that the existence of any of these derivatives is equivalent to the existence of the ordinary derivative. By using these results, we show that two derivatives that appear in the literature under different names are actually identical, and an infinite family of derivatives actually consists of only one member. We also give a unified form for the integral corresponding to these derivatives, generalize the standard analysis theorems to this setting, and relate our results to those of other researchers. Finally, we address the question of whether these derivatives should be considered fractional derivatives.
Miniaturisierung von labelfreier Oberflächenanalytik mittels Whispering Gallery Modes
Authors: Dähne Lars , Olszyna Mateusz , Dähne Götz , Debrassi Aline 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Es wird ein neues Instrument für labelfreie Messungen auf der Basis von optischen Low Q-Whispering Gallery Modes vorgestellt, bei der mit miniaturisierten Sensorbeads verschiedene Anwendungsfelder adressiert werden. Als Sensoren dienen fluoreszente sphärische Beads mit Durchmessern von 7–12 Mikrometern, die unabhängig vom Messgerät in kleinsten Räumen eingesetzt werden können und mit Analytmengen im Femtogrammbereich auskommen. Die sphärischen Beads mit einer sehr glatten Oberfläche und hohem Brechungsindex dienen als Resonatoren für zirkulare Lichtwellen. Für die Messung wird der Fluoreszenzfarbstoff in den Sensoren mit einem Laser angeregt. Ein Teil der Fluoreszenz wird an der Partikeloberfläche total ins Partikel zurück reflektiert, so dass sich zirkulierende Wellen bilden, die bis zu 10,000 Mal umlaufen. Ihre Resonanzfrequenz hängt empfindlich vom Partikeldurchmesser und der Brechungsindexdifferenz zwischen Partikel und Medium ab. Bei Adsorbtion von Molekülen verschiebt sich die Resonanzfrequenz, da sich beide Parameter ändern. Für die Messung dieser Verschiebung wurde ein kompaktes Gerät mit Anregungslaser, hochauflösendem Spektrometer, CCD-Zeile, XYZ-Stage, Mikroskop, Kamera, Gerätesteuerung und Auswertesoftware entwickelt. Es werden einige Anwendungsbeispiele in der Biosensorik, der Layer-by-Layer Beschichtung, der Wirkstofffreisetzung und der Lösungsmittelsensorik präsentiert, die das breite Potential und Vorteile gegenüber auf dem Markt befindlicher, alternativer Meßmethoden demonstrieren.
Precarity, the future of architectural research in a time of much uncertainty
Authors: Trubiano Franca 
Published: November 2023

Editoral framing of the special issue of ENQ on PRECARITY: PhD conference on architectural research at the limits of technology, project-making, and history/theory held on APRIL 22-23, 2022 and organized and sponsored by the PhD Program in Architecture at UPENN, Weitzman School of Design
O ENSINO UNIVERSITÁRIO ANTE A PERSPECTIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO EM NIETZSCHE E ROUSSEAU
Authors: Souza Márcia Figueiredo de , Souza Adriana Figueiredo de , Barbosa Nailza da Costa 
Published: November 2023

O ensino universitário sofreu diversas alterações significativas desde o século XIX, que influenciaram direta ou indiretamente no devir dos dias de hoje. As mais diversas correntes de pensamento, movimentos, expressões e torrente de idéias filosóficas amoldaram os contextos históricos e o processo educacional contido neste. Vive-se um período conflitante de idéias onde a educação e suas expressões, bem como seu potencial de ação e transformação social, e sua eficiência e efetividade são temas dos mais diversos compêndios de discussão, analise e proposição de mudanças para transformar o ensino nas universidades, tornando-o, de fato, eficiente para produção do saber científico. Este ensaio, como investigação bibliográfica descritiva discute os pensamentos filosóficos de Nietzsche e Rousseau, argumentando a partir destes discursos, o limiar do conhecimento ao ensino universitário atual, em outra perspectiva de educação, uma nova forma de percepção do ensino e mediação para resultar no alcance sublimal do conhecimento e produção de saber.
Palavras-chave: Educação. Filosofia. Ensino Universitário.
Assessing the Effects of Extreme Rainfall Patterns and their Impact on Dam Safety: A Case Study on Indian Dam Failures
Authors: Roulo Dinesh , Subbarao Pichuka 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This study investigates the impacts of extreme rainfall variations on dam safety, focusing on six Dam Failure (DF) events in India: Tigra, Khadakwasla, Pagara, Machu-2, Koyana, and Kaddem. Daily gridded rainfall data is obtained from the India Meteorological Department, and the Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation method is used to get location-specific daily rainfall data. The severity of extreme rainfall events on dam safety is highlighted by computing the average and accumulated rainfall (ACR) for 5, 10 and 15 days prior to the date of DF. Shockingly, the magnitude of 15 days ACR prior to DF exceeds 50% of the normal annual rainfall of most of the study locations. This unexpected situation may put tremendous pressure on the dams and eventually lead to their failure. Further, the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) is computed at each dam location for every 30-year horizon starting from 1911. It is observed that the maximum PMP is noticed during the horizon of DF. Next, the Efficiency Factor (EF) is calculated to check the severity of rainfall prior to the DF. The annual EF values are computed, and the maximum EF value over 30 years (used to compute the normal annual rainfall) indicates the extreme most rainy day. The EF values > 0.90 indicates a great threat to the dam. The study established a robust correlation between dam failures and heavy rainfall preceding them. Some dams, like Machu-2 and Kaddem, experienced clear rainfall peaks on the day of collapse, indicating severe rainfall as the primary cause. Others, such as Tigra, Khadakwasla, and Pagara, exhibited continuous rainfall for 5 to 10 days is the principal cause of failure. The percentage of accumulated rainfall contributed nearly or more than 75% over 5 days at Pagara, Machu-2, Kaddem, and 10-days at Tigra, Khadakwasla; these resulted in the flash flood. However, EF values for Tigra, Khadakwasla, Pagara, Machu-2, and Kaddem still suggest the potential for severe rainfall events. These findings are of significant relevance to professionals in the field of dam engineering, offering a comprehensive understanding of how extreme rainfall events can impact dam failures and provides valuable insights into rainfall patterns and their implications for dam safety.
Dissociation as a Mediator of Interpersonal Trauma and Depression: Adulthood versus Childhood Interpersonal Traumas
Authors: Shim Seungyun , Kim Daeho , Kim Eunkyung 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Extensive research has established that interpersonal trauma is related to depression and dissociation severity. Extending prior research, this study found that childhood and adulthood interpersonal traumas in childhood and adulthood are related to depressive symptoms, examining the role of the dissociative process as a mediator. Two hundred eighty-nine adult participants retrospectively reported on traumatic experiences and current symptoms of dissociation and depression. Indicating that both childhood and adulthood interpersonal traumas are related to the severity of depression. However, childhood interpersonal trauma is associated with a higher level of dissociative symptoms. Moreover, dissociation mediates the effects of childhood interpersonal trauma on depression, but not adulthood interpersonal trauma. In conclusion, the current study emphasizes the significance of dissociation in depression development and maintenance, especially in patients who experienced childhood interpersonal trauma. These findings underscore that developing an intervention targeting dissociation is important for preventing retrospective depression, especially for victims of childhood interpersonal trauma.
Exploring the influencing factors and facilitating strategies of self-directed learning competence: a multicenter qualitative study from the perspective of medical trainees
Authors: Du Xiangyu , Du Jiayi , Yin Zhao , Jiang Li 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The exploration of influencing factors and promotion strategies for self-directed learning (SDL) is a current research hotspot, however, there is a dearth of relevant research for medical trainees. The present study aimed to explore the medical trainees' perceptions of SDL, associated multidimensional factors, and potential facilitating strategies from their perspective.
Methods: This was a multicenter qualitative study conducted using focus group discussions. Medical trainees from three representative large tertiary hospitals in mainland China were invited as participants in the study. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data generated by the discussion. Nvivo 12 was used for data management and processing.
Results: A total of four focus group discussions were conducted with the involvement of 17 medical trainees. After examining the focus group data, three themes were summarized: 1) Perceptions of SDL among medical trainees; 2) Multidimensional factors affecting SDL among medical trainees; and 3) Potential enhancement strategies.
Conclusion: Medical trainees in mainland China have inadequate SDL competence; however, they recognize the importance of SDL and desire to improve SDL competence. Factors affecting medical trainees' SDL competence are multidimensional, and targeted intervention strategies should be developed.
Bearing Faults Diagnosis Based on EEMD and Probability Density Analysis
Authors: Liu Xiangyang , Xu Zhangliang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In order to achieve high-precision detection of bearings under different working conditions, this paper proposes a bearing fault diagnosis method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and probability density analysis. The time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of different bearing fault signals are analyzed. The kurtosis factor is selected to characterize bearing condition. The original vibration signal is decomposed into multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMF) by the EEMD algorithm, and each IMF component contains local feature information of the original signal at different time scales. The time-domain fault characteristics are extracted by calculating the kurtosis factor of each IMF component and doing probability density analysis. The frequency-domain fault characteristics are extracted by performing Fourier Transform and Hilbert transform on IMF. This paper uses the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) bearing dataset for simulation analysis, as well as field test data for validation. The experimental results show that the diagnostic method proposed in this paper achieves 99.62% accuracy for CWRU bearing data set and 99.2% accuracy for field test data collected by the acceleration sensor.
Oxidative and colloidal kinetics of size controlled copper structures through surface plasmon regulated examinations for broadband absorbance
Authors: Indhu A. R. , Dharmalingam Gnanaprakash 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Out of all the candidate plasmonic metals, copper has noteworthy optical characteristics and is also economically favourable for use. However, the stability of plasmonic copper nanomaterials against the loss of the plasmonic property is a setback. The present work is on the synthesis of oxidation-stable copper micro/nanoparticles (CuMps/NPs) at ambient conditions with chosen precursors, antioxidizing agents, polymeric capping agents and chelating ligands. The Surface Plasmon Response (SPR) response of the synthesized Cu structures and their morphological analyses are studied. The refined XRD data were subjected to a detailed structural investigation over fundamental aspects such as crystallite sizes, distortion and dislocation densities. We present herein micro/nanostructures of oxidation-stable plasmonic Cu. The validation of the aggregation and oxidation stabilities of the different synthesized samples make them a worthy choice for multiple plasmonic applications, along with showing the synthesis protocols as viable approaches for achieving such structures with a markedly increased shelf life.