bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zinc chloride may regulate hematopoietic stem cell aging and pro-inflammatory cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Susianti Hani , Arrizal Achmad , Habibi Bakhtiar Yusuf , Supriyanto Friska , Khrisna Matthew Brian , Handono Kusworini , Wahono Cesarius Singgih , Rahman Perdana Aditya , Pratama Mirza Zaka , Chilmi Syahrul 
Published: December 2023

Background: The immune cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) age earlier than those of normal subjects. However, the senescence of circulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in patients with SLE is not well understood, and it is unclear whether zinc treatment can regulate the senescence and proinflammatory cytokine production of HSCs in these patients. Methods: Clinical data were collected on 38 patients with SLE and 35 healthy controls (HCs), and the complete blood count, circulating HSC number, and p16 (a senescence marker) expression in the peripheral blood of these participants were analyzed via flow cytometry. Pooled circulating HSCs were isolated using leukapheresis. The effects of zinc chloride exposure on the pooled HSCs of each group were determined in vitro. Levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL17, regulatory cytokine TGF-β, p16, and regulator T-cells (Tregs) were evaluated 72 h after incubation with 50 or 100 µM zinc chloride. Results: The number of circulating HSCs did not differ between the two groups (p=0.1685). The expression of p16 in HSCs was higher in the SLE group than in the HC group (p = 0.0043), and patients with SLE exhibited higher levels of IL-6, IL-17, and p16 in pooled HSCs (p =0.0025, p<0.0001, and p = 0.0003, respectively), although TGF-β levels did not differ between the groups (p=0.9816). Zinc chloride reduced IL-6, TGF-β, IL-17, and p16 expression in patients with SLE toward HC levels. Treg frequency in pooled HSCs was comparable between the groups (p=0.3997), although a 100 µM zinc chloride treatment significantly depleted the Treg population of patients with SLE (p=0.0001). Conclusions: Circulating HSCs in SLE are more aged and produce more proinflammatory cytokines. Zinc chloride treatment might prevent immunoaging and inhibit proinflammatory cytokine–producing cells in patients with SLE.
Evaluation of selected serum biomarkers levels in response to the infliximab reference product (Remicade®) versus its biosimilar (Remsima®) in a sample of ulcerative colitis patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: G. Kawri Yahya , Sameh Arif Inam , Abdalwahed Abdulameer Shaymaa 
Published: December 2023

Background: Biologic therapies like Remicade® (infliximab originator) and Remsima® (infliximab biosimilar) have emerged as valuable options for the management of ulcerative colitis (UC) over the years. The purpose of the present study was to provide comprehensive comparison of the efficacy of Remicade® and Remsima® in the treatment of UC by performing a comprehensive analysis of key biomarkers. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional observational design. It was conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, spanning from July 2022 to February 2023. The study population consisted of individuals aged 21 to 57 years who had previously received a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Results: A total of 43 patients were included in the analysis. The mean infliximab trough levels in the Remicade group were 3.264 ng/mL, while in the Remsima group were 3.248 ng/mL. eight Remicade patients developed anti-infliximab antibodies, while 9 Remsima patients tested positive. The mean serum calprotectin level was 5596 μg/ml in the Remicade group and 5795μg/ml in the Remsima group. The mean ESR value was 18.33mm/hr in the Remicade group and 16.43mm/hr in the Remsima group. The mean CRP value was 17.65mg/dl in the Remicade group and 16.19mg/dl in the Remsima group. The mean serum TNFa level measured was 159.5pg/ml in the Remicade group and 158.5pg/ml in the Remsima group. The mean serum Oncostatin M level measured was 107.3ng/ml in the Remicade group and 107.5ng/ml in the Remsima group Conclusion: These findings study suggest that Remsima, as a biosimilar to Remicade, holds promise as a cost-effective alternative in UC management
Thoracic duct cannulation during left internal jugular vein cannulation: A case report
Authors: Hwang Geal Hong , Eom Woosik 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Central venous catheter insertion is an invasive procedure that can cause complications such as infection, embolization due to air or blood clots, pneumothorax, hemothorax, and, rarely, chylothorax due to damage to the thoracic duct. Herein, we report a case of suspected thoracic duct cannulation that occurred during left central venous catheter insertion. Fortunately, the patient was discharged without any adverse events related to thoracic duct cannulation.
CASE SUMMARY
A 46-year-old female patient presented at our department to undergo cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. During anesthesia, we decided to insert a central venous catheter through the left internal jugular vein because the patient already had a chemoport through the right central vein. During the procedure, blood reflux was observed when the needle tip was not within the ultrasound field of view. We did not try to find the tip; however, a guide wire and a central venous catheter were inserted without any resistance. Subsequently, when inducing blood reflux from the distal port of the central venous catheter, only clear fluid, suspected to be lymphatic fluid, was regurgitated. Further, chest X-ray revealed an appearance similar to that of the path of the thoracic duct. Given that intravenous fluid administration was not started and no abnormal fluid collection was noted on preoperative chest X-ray, we suspected thoracic duct cannulation.
CONCLUSION
It is important to use ultrasound to confirm the exact position of the needle tip and guide wire path.
Fibre Dynamics in the Revolving-Flats Card Part II
Authors: Dehghani A. , Lawrence C. A. , Mahmoudi M. , Greenwood B. , Iype C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
High-speed photography was used to investigate the state of fibres during the short-staple carding process. Image processing was employed to investigate the flow uniformity and the degree of opening and fibre individualisation of the fibre mass. The results showed that there is a considerable mass flow variation at the taker-in stage and at the back of the cylinder. Due to the carding action between the cylinder and the revolving flats, most tuftlets are separated into individual fibres, but some remain as micro tuftlets and are transferred to the doffer. With the increased discretisation the fibre mass becomes more uniformly distributed at the front of the cylinder. However, on the doffer the mass flow variation increases, which suggests that the transfer is not a uniform action. The angle of orientation of fibres was measured at the taker-in, at the front of the cylinder after the revolving flats and at the doffer stage. It was found that the fibres are highly orientated at the front of the cylinder. However, after the transfer region the degree of orientation of the fibres on the doffer decreases. In order to establish an understanding of the state of individual fibres, the change in the crimp level of fibres during the process was studied. It may be assumed that crimp level is directly related to the forces applied to the fibres. The results showed that the fibres at the front of the cylinder are subjected to more tension as compared to the fibres at the taker-in stage. A study was also carried out on the effect of the boundary layer around the cylinder by directly measuring the speed of individual fibres at the front of the cylinder. This study showed that the majority of the fibres are hooked to the cylinder wires and travel at the speed of the cylinder surface.
ANALYSIS OF YARN TWIST FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Rosiak Dominika , Przybył Krystyna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An analysis of models (presented in available world literature) for the twist of multi-folded threads consisting of two component fibre streams (doubled thread, doubled yarn) is discussed. The possibility of forecasting the twist value of the component streams for an accepted twist value of the multi-folded thread is considered.
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS: PET – NANOCOMPOSITES’ FIBRES
Authors: Kim Bohwon , Koncar Vladan , Devaux Eric 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Researches in the field of conductive polymers have attracted considerable attention for more then 20 years. Among the conductive polymers, polyaniline and polypyrrole have drawn considerable interest because of their economical importance, good environmental stability and satisfactory electrical conductivity when doped. On the other hand, electrically conductive materials such as aluminium powder, graphite and carbon nanotubes have very interesting conductive properties and are promising in the synthesis of new composite conductive materials. In almost all studies, conducting polymer films are developed and then electrical and mechanical properties are tested. In our paper, the conducting polymer fibres have been obtained by melt mixing and chemical coating on the fibres. Different conductive materials have been used in order to obtain conductive polypropylene-based fibres with specific electrical and mechanical properties. The electric conductivity and morphological characteristics of these fibres have been investigated and the results are discussed. The originality of our approach lies in our having created conductive fibres based on conductive polymers. These fibres are intended for use in creating conductive yarns and realising connections in smart clothing, or producing conductive fabrics which can be used as electromagnetic shields. These developments have been carried out in order to create new multifunctional textile structures for different applications in the field of intelligent and communication apparel or other similar branches.
INTEREST OF A COMPOUND YARN TO IMPROVE FABRIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: Ferreira Manuela , Bourbigot Serge , Flambard Xavier , Vermeulen Bernard , Poutch Franck 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The market for protective clothing is growing in many fields, including flame resistance clothing, cut-resistance gloves and so on. High-performance fibres such as aramides are known to be flameproof and resistant to mechanical impacts, but they are sensitive to UV.The purpose of this study was to produce compound yarns with the advantageous properties of aramides and insensitive against UV radiation. We obtained such yarns by means of a friction process (FEHRER), a non-conventional spinning process. The yarn obtained, denoted as DREF yarn, developed by us is a combination of wool and poly-pphenylenediamine- terephtalamide fibres (Kevlar®29). The compound yarn is composed of a core in Kevlar® yarn, coated by wool fibres. The DREF yarns were then knitted; the articles obtained have interesting properties such as flame retardancy, good-handle, cutting resistance, and are also UV-resistant.
A STUDY OF THE DEGREE OF BREAKAGE OF GLASS FILAMENT YARNS DURING THE WEFT KNITTING PROCESS
Authors: Hu Hong , Zhu Mei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the degree of breakage of glass filament yarns during the weft knitting process is studied. A quantitative method used for assessing the degree of glass filament breakage is proposed, and the effects of different factors such as cam setting, knitted structures and yarn parameters are analysed. The experimental results show that an optimum cam setting exists at which the degree of filament breakage is minimum.
DYNAMIC CLOTH FELL MOVEMENT. Part II: New measuring device
Authors: Azzam Hisham A. , Büsgen Alexander 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A new flexible cloth fell movement measuring device, hereafter referred to as the ‘needlemechanical device’, has been developed to facilitate the use, for the first time, of a measuring position just 2 millimetres from the cloth fell. In addition, the experimental setup was built in a combination between the needle-mechanical device and the Weave Master to record the dynamic cloth fell’s movement cycles on-loom. The results of these measurements were analysed and discussed in the light of the theory developed in part I.
ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF NEURAL MODELS USING A MODEL OF FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF FABRICS AS AN EXAMPLE
Authors: Tokarska Magdalena 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this article, a method for assessing the quality of now-widespread neuron models is presented. Attention has been paid to the significance of analysing individual input quantities in the model constructed. Then, the parameters which are quantitative measures of the neural model’s quality have to be specified. The need for structural verification of the network is stressed, which is the basis for stating that the neural model obtained has been well matched with the investigation results. The assessment of the neural model’s quality has been shown, using a model of the flow characteristics of fabrics as an example.
SOL-GEL DERIVED INORGANIC-ORGANIC HYBRID POLYMERS FILLED WITH ZNO NANOPARTICLES AS ULTRAVIOLET PROTECTION FINISH FOR TEXTILES
Authors: Farouk Asmaa , Textor Torsten , Schollmeyer Eckhard , Tarbuk Anita , Grancacic Ana Marija 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In spite of some beneficial effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on skin, radiation can cause sunburn, skin aging, allergies and even skin cancer. Textiles can provide effective protection against such damage of UV radiation. Unlike cosmetics, using textiles protecting the skin or at least enhancing protection has only recently been researched. The design and modification of fabrics leading to a high protection against UV radiation is a relatively new application. It is very important to consider the kind of textile to be used, most of the garments worn during summer, the time of highest exposition, are light and colourless materials and therefore provide the lowest protection. We report the synthesis and characterization of nanosized zinc oxide particles known to highly absorb UV light. Sol-gel based inorganic-organic hybrid polymers were modified with these particles and were applied to cellulosic cotton (100%) and cotton/polyester (65/35%) fabrics. These modified inorganicorganic hybrids polymers were based on 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Complete finishing sol prepared in this work has remarked long stability for further processing. The effectiveness of the novel finishing was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy and by evaluation of the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF). The influences of the finishing for some general textile properties as e.g. tensile strength, elongation, air permeability, degree of whiteness, wear-resistance, stiffness as well as the durability of the treatments were investigated.
What is science?
Authors: Saiter Jean Marc 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper is dedicated to my dear colleague and good friend Professor Melissa Chan Chin Han with whom I share a body of common work in material science and in material characterization. Part of this work concerns aspects of education in science that resulted from a number of exchanges concerning the current quality of laboratory data and the observation that the new generation of students have not been exposed to the underlying idea of scientific rigor, commonly expected of all scientific work. This is the origin of this short course on scientific thought, which was titled “What is science?” and first presented during POLY-CHAR 2023 in Auckland, New Zealand.
Hypertriglyceridemia and its impact on mitotane monitoring in adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Martens Sandra , Lapauw Bruno 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Mitotane is used for treatment of advanced adrenocortical carcinoma. It is administered when the carcinoma is unresectable, metastasized, or at high-risk of recurrence after resection. In addition, mitotane is considered to have direct adrenolytic effects. Because of its narrow therapeutic–toxic range, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is warranted. In 2020, a left-sided adrenal gland tumor was found (5.8 cm) in a 38-year-old man. Considering the size of this lesion and inability to exclude an adrenocortical carcinoma on imaging, a laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination determined presence of an adrenocortical carcinoma (pT2N0M0 ENSAT stadium II; ki67 10–15%). There was no evidence for residual or metastatic disease but given the high risk of recurrence, adjuvant therapy with mitotane was initiated. During TDM, a sudden and spuriously high level of mitotane was observed but without signs or symptoms of toxicity. After exploration, it was found that this high concentration was completely due to uncontrolled hypertriglyceridemia. After correction thereof, mitotane levels were again in the therapeutic range. This observation underscores the importance of TDM sampling in a fasting state with concurrent control of prevalent or incident dyslipidemia.

Learning points

TDM of mitotane is advocated to achieve therapeutic levels while avoiding toxicity. For correct TDM, sampling should be done at least 12 h after last intake of mitotane.

Although sampling in fasting conditions in not explicitly mentioned in the guidelines, fasting state should be considered as elevated serum triglyceride levels might cause spuriously high mitotane levels.

In patients undergoing treatment with mitotane and presenting with too high or unexplained fluctuating mitotane levels without signs or symptoms of toxicity, hypertriglyceridemia as a possible cause should be investigated.

If dyslipidemia occurs in patients under mitotane treatment, other causes than mitotane (e.g. alcohol abuse and diabetes) should be considered and appropriate treatment should be initiated.
Calcaneus metastasis: a rare presentation of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Elshafie Omayma , Jain Anjali , Bichpuria Summit , Rassou Yamina , Hashmi Syed Furqan , Bou Khalil Abir 
Published: December 2023

Summary
A 60-year-old woman presented to our clinic with an acute onset 3 months history of right ankle pain. The patient had a history of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer, which was treated with total thyroidectomy, left lateral neck dissection levels II–V and central neck dissection levels VI–VII followed by postoperative I-131 radioactive iodine (131I) ablation therapy 3.7 GBq 6 months ago. The post-131I WBS showed residual iodine-avid thyroid tissue with no other iodine-avid disease or metastasis. SPECT/CT of the neck and chest showed nonavid bilateral pulmonary nodules, discrete nodal masses in mediastinum and nonavid bone lesions. FDG-PET CT scan showed FDG-avid mediastinal lymph nodes (LN), innumerable non-FDG-avid subcentimetric pulmonary nodules and few FDG-avid lytic lesions in the skeleton. X-ray and MRI of the right ankle showed a well-marginated lytic lesion in the posterior body of calcaneus and 5 × 6 cm soft tissue mass lesion, respectively. The histopathology of the calcaneus mass confirmed a positive immunostaining for thyroid origin which includes thyroglobulin and TTF-1 with PAX-8. Endobronchial mediastinal and bronchial LN biopsy confirmed thyroid cancer metastasis. Gene mutation showed HRAS and GNA13 with a high tumor mutational burden. We describe a rare case of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer in a patient who presented with right ankle pain; we confirmed the cause to be a calcaneus metastasis from the thyroid cancer, with calcaneus being an extremely rare site for bone metastases. Gene mutations points toward treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Learning points

Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) usually metastasizes to lung and bone but can rarely occur in the calcaneus.

Patients with distant metastases have significantly worse long-term prognosis.

Radiotherapy is effective in reducing the metastatic pains as well as reducing the size of the metastasis.

PAX-8 staining can be used to differentiate thyroid carcinomas from lung adenocarcinomas.

The importance of searching for gene mutations to decide the treatment of PDTC.
Woodwind Instruments in al-Fārābī’s Kitāb al-Mūsīqī al-Kabīr
Authors: Gökpınar Yasemin 
Published: December 2023

Al‑Fārābī (d. 950 CE), the so-called ‘Second Master’ (Aristotle being the First Master), is known for his influential works on philosophy, especially his commentaries on Aristotle, as well as for his works on logic, physics and metaphysics, ethics, and politics. It was on behalf of al‑Karḫī, Caliph ar‑Rāḍī’s (r. 934–940 CE) wazīr, that al‑Fārābī wrote his Grand Book on Music, explaining musical concepts such as rhythm and melody to the wazīr. As a logician and practicing musician, he combined and improved upon different sources, such as Greek musical theory, as well as on the Arabic authors and musicians al‑Kindī (d. after 870 CE) and Isḥāq al‑Mawṣilī (d. 850 CE).
In this paper, I discuss several issues related to woodwind instruments mentioned in al‑Fārābī’s Grand Book on Music. Al‑Fārābī expounds on their interconnections with the tonal production of other instruments, specifying their tone system in terms of finger positions on the fretboard of the ʿūd.
Further questions address the relation between theory and practice, as well as some considerations about the modes that seem to be common on woodwinds.
Hazard Sensitivities Associated with Ground-Motion Characterization Modeling for the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model Revision 2022
Authors: Bora Sanjay S. , Bradley Brendon A. , Manea Elena F. , Gerstenberger Matthew C. , Lee Robin L. , Stafford Peter J. , Atkinson Gail M. , Kaiser Anna , DiCaprio Christopher J. , Van Dissen Russell J. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
This article summarizes hazard sensitivities associated with the updated ground-motion characterization modeling (GMCM) scheme adopted in the recent revision of New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (NZ NSHM 2022). In terms of impact on ground-motion hazard, the current GMCM scheme (GMCM 2022) results in an overall, at times significant, increase in calculated mean hazard with respect to NZ NSHM 2010. With regard to relative impact, the update in GMCM accounts for the dominant change in high-hazard regions, whereas in low-hazard regions update in source characterization model dominate. Within GMCM 2022, the change in shallow crustal ground-motion models (GMMs) dominates the effect on calculated hazard, whereas change in subduction interface GMMs has a compounding effect for east coast of North Island and southwest of South Island. Impact of the two NZ-specific adjustments to some of the published GMMs is also discussed. The back-arc attenuation adjustment accounts for a 20%–30% reduction in calculated hazard for peak ground acceleration in northwest of North Island, whereas aleatory uncertainty adjustment accounts for 10%–20% reduction in high-hazard regions such as along the east coast of North Island and in the lower west of South Island.