bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Diastereoselective Inverse Electron Demand (IED) Diels—Alder Reaction Mediated by Chiral Salen—AlCl Complex: The First, Target‐Oriented Synthesis of Pyranoquinolines as Potential Antibacterial Agents.
Authors: Magesh Chinnian J. , Makesh Sarasu V. , Perumal Paramasivan T. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Benzamides and Benzamidines: Structural Requirement of a Pyrimidine Ring for Inhibition of EGFR Tyrosine Kinase.
Authors: Asano Toru , Yoshikawa Tomohiro , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Uehara Yoshimasa , Yamamoto Yoshinori 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
3‐Hydroxy‐quinazoline‐2,4‐dione as a Useful Scaffold to Obtain Selective Gly/NMDA and AMPA Receptor Antagonists.
Authors: Colotta Vittoria , Catarzi Daniela , Varano Flavia , Calabri Francesca Romana , Filacchioni Guido , Costagli Chiara , Galli Alessandro 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Facile Synthesis of 1‐Substituted 4,5‐Diaminopyrazoles and Its Application Toward the Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyrazines.
Authors: Chien Tun‐Cheng , Smaldone Ronald A. , Townsend Leroy B. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Evaluation of 1‐Arylsulfonyl‐3‐piperazinone Derivatives as Factor Xa Inhibitors. Part 4. A Series of New Derivatives Containing a Spiro[5H‐oxazolo[3,2‐a]pyrazine‐2(3H),4′‐piperidin]‐5‐one Skeleton.
Authors: Nishida Hidemitsu , et al. et al. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1,2,4‐Triazine N‐Oxide Derivatives: Studies as Potential Hypoxic Cytotoxins. Part 2.
Authors: Cerecetto Hugo , Gonzalez Mercedes , Onetto Silvia , Saenz Patricia , Ezpeleta Olga , Lopez de Cerain Adela , Monge Antonio 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
6‐Amino‐2,6‐dideoxy‐ or ‐2,3,6‐trideoxyhexono‐1,6‐lactams: Synthesis and Conformation.
Authors: Hamernikova Michaela , Havlicek Jaroslav , Blahova Romana , Pospisilova Helena , Votavova Hana , Kefurt Karel 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of exo‐Methylenesugars with Nitrone: Approach to New Amino‐C‐ketosyl Disaccharides.
Authors: Li Xiaoliu , Takahashi Hideyo , Ohtake Hiro , Ikegami Shiro 
Published: August 2004

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Preparation of Methyl 2‐Methoxycarbonylmethyl‐6‐oxo‐1,6‐dihydropyridine‐3‐carboxylate.
Authors: Feng Song , He Xuchang , Yu Gengli , Xia Yu , Bai Donglu 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
CE‐108, a New Macrolide Tetraene Antibiotic.
Authors: Perez‐Zuniga Francisco J. , Seco Elena M. , Cuesta T. , Degenhardt Falko , Rohr Juergen , Vallin Carlos , Iznaga Yanelis , Perez Marta E. , Gonzalez Leonora , Malpartida Francisco 
Published: August 2004

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Efficient Synthesis of the Styryllactones, (+)‐Goniothalamin, (+)‐7‐epi‐Goniodiol and (+)‐9‐Deoxygoniopypyrone.
Authors: Liu Zhi‐Yu , Ji Jian‐Xin , Li Bo‐Gang 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Electronic Structures and Spectroscopic Properties of 6π‐Electron Ring Molecules and Ions E2N2 and E2+4 (E: S, Se, Te)
Authors: Tuononen Heikki M. , Suontamo Reijo , Valkonen Jussi , Laitinen Risto S. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Structural Control on the Nanomolecular Scale: Self‐Assembly of the Polyoxotungstate Wheel [{β‐Ti2SiW10O39}4] 24‐.
Authors: Hussain Firasat , Bassil Bassem S. , Bi Li‐Hua , Reicke Markus , Kortz Ulrich 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Catalytic Performance of Tantalum—η2‐Alkyne Complexes [TaCl3(R1CCR2)L2] for Alkyne Cyclotrimerization.
Authors: Oshiki Toshiyuki , Nomoto Hiroshi , Tanaka Kouji , Takai Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Catechol‐Based Phosphoramidites: A New Class of Chiral Ligands for Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenations.
Authors: Hoen Rob , van den Berg Michel , Bernsmann Heiko , Minnaard Adriaan J. , de Vries Johannes G. , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantioselective Spiro Ene‐Carbocyclization of 1,6‐Enynes Catalyzed by Tropos Rhodium(I) Complex with Skewphos Ligand.
Authors: Mikami Koichi , Yusa Yukinori , Hatano Manabu , Wakabayashi Kazuki , Aikawa Kohsuke 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Steric Effects on the Formation of Imide 1,4‐Diphenyl‐1,4‐epoxy‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydronaphthalene‐2,3‐dicarboxylic Anhydride.
Authors: Badri Rashid , Heidarizadeh Fariba 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Supported Choline Hydroxide (Ionic Liquid) as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Aldol Condensation Reactions.
Authors: Abello Sonia , Medina Francisco , Rodriguez Xavier , Cesteros Yolanda , Salagre Pilar , Sueiras Jesus E. , Tichit Didier , Coq Bernard 
Published: August 2004

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3,6‐Dibenzoxyl‐1,2‐pyridazine: A New Versatile Benzoyl Transferring Agent for NH2, ‐OH and ‐SH Benzoylations.
Authors: Mashraqui Sabir Hussain , Shivaji Jadhav Latika 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Cerium(III) Triflate versus Cerium(III) Chloride: Anion Dependence of Lewis Acid Behavior in the Deprotection of PMB Ethers.
Authors: Bartoli Giuseppe , Dalpozzo Renato , De Nino Antonio , Maiuolo Loredana , Nardi Monica , Procopio Antonio , Tagarelli Antonio 
Published: August 2004

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Synthesis of Tertiary Propargylamines by Sequential Reactions of in situ Generated Thioiminium Salts with Organolithium and ‐magnesium Reagents.
Authors: Murai Toshiaki , Mutoh Yuichiro , Ohta Yukiyasu , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: August 2004

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Rhodium‐Catalyzed Acylation of Vinylsilanes with Acid Anhydrides: Application to the Transformation of α‐Acyloxy Vinylsilanes to Unsymmetrical 1,2‐Diketones.
Authors: Yamane Motoki , Uera Kazuyoshi , Narasaka Koichi 
Published: August 2004

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Highly Diastereoselective Alkylation of Vicinal Dianions of Chiral Succinic Acid Derivatives: A New General Strategy to (R)‐β‐Arylmethl‐γ‐butyrolactones.
Authors: Pohmakotr Manat , Soorukram Darunee , Tuchinda Patoomratana , Prabpai Samran , Kongsaeree Palangpon , Reutrakul Vichai 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Ruthenium‐Grafted Hydrotalcite as a Multifunctional Catalyst for Direct α‐Alkylation of Nitriles with Primary Alcohols.
Authors: Motokura Ken , Nishimura Daisuke , Mori Kohsuke , Mizugaki Tomoo , Ebitani Kohki , Kaneda Kiyotomi 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Chiral Oxazoline Route to Enantiomerically Pure Biphenyls: Magnesio and Copper Mediated Asymmetric Hetero‐ and Homo‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Meyers A. I. , Nelson Todd D. , Moorlag Henk , Rawson David J. , Meier Anton 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Atropisomeric Biaryl Derivatives of 4‐Aminopyridine—Identification of an Improved Nucleophilic Catalyst for Asymmetric Acylation of sec‐Alcohols.
Authors: Spivey Alan C. , Leese David P. , Zhu Fujiang , Davey Stephen G. , Jarvest Richard L. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of the First Enantiomerically Pure and Chiral, Disubstituted 3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophenes (EDOTs) and Corresponding Stereo‐ and Regioregular PEDOTs.
Authors: Caras‐Quintero Dolores , Baeuerle Peter 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclocarbonylation of Unsaturated Alcohols and Amines. Chemoselective Synthesis of Heterocycle‐Substituted γ‐ and δ‐Lactones and Lactams.
Authors: Granito Catia , Troisi Luigino , Ronzini Ludovico 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Cationic Diruthenium Amidinate, [(η5‐C5Me5)Ru (μ2‐i‐PrN=C(Me)Ni‐Pr)Ru (η5‐C5Me5)]+, as an Efficient Catalyst for the Atom‐Transfer Radical Reactions.
Authors: Motoyama Yukihiro , Gondo Mitsuru , Masuda Satoshi , Iwashita Yuya , Nagashima Hideo 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1‐Acetyl‐3‐(2‐acetoxy‐3‐substituted propyloximino)indol‐2(3H)‐ones.
Authors: Padhy A. K. , Sahu S. K. , Panda P. K. , Kar D. M. , Misro P. K. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Efficient Synthesis in Three Steps and Spectral Determination of Methyl‐5‐[(o‐, m‐, and p‐substituted)‐phenylthio]‐2‐benzimidazolecarbamates.
Authors: Cortes Cortes Eduardo , Mendoza Rafael Sosa , Santibanez Gutierrez Maximiliano , Garcia‐Mellado de Cortes Olivia 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
2,3‐Diarylpyran‐4‐ones: A New Series of Selective Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitors.
Authors: Joo Yung Hyup , Kim Jin Kwan , Kang Seon‐Hwa , Noh Min‐Soo , Ha Jun‐Yong , Choi Jin Kyu , Lim Kyung Min , Chung Shin 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 3a,7a‐Dihydro‐3H,4H‐furo[3,4‐c]pyran‐1‐ones via Intramolecular hetero‐Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Fuhrer Cyril , Messer Roland , Haener Robert 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Study of Differences in the Reactivity of Alkyl and Aryl Nitrones Derived from 4‐Oxo‐4H‐1‐benzopyran‐3‐carboxaldehyde.
Authors: Ghosh Tarun , Patra Ranjan , Bandyopadhyay Chandrakanta 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular 1,4‐Oxyacyloxylation of Conjugated Dienes. A Stereocontrolled Route to Fused Six‐Membered Lactones and Pyrans.
Authors: Verboom Renzo C. , Persson B. Anders , Baeckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: August 2004

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A New Application of Diphenylphosphorylazide (DPPA) Reagent: Convenient Transformations of Quinolin‐4‐one, Pyridin‐4‐one and Quinazolin‐4‐one Derivatives into the 4‐Azido and 4‐Amino Counterparts.
Authors: Aizikovich Alexander , Kuznetsov Vladimir , Gorohovsky Sofia , Levy Amalia , Meir Simha , Byk Gerardo , Gellerman Garry 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Structure of Cycloalkane‐ and Norbornane‐Condensed 6‐Aryl‐1,2,4,5‐tetrahydropyridazinones.
Authors: Csende Ferenc , Hetenyi Anasztazia , Stajer Geza , Fueloep Ferenc 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines. Part 2. SAR and Optimization of a Potent and Selective Class of Cyclin‐Dependent Kinase Inhibitors.
Authors: Byth Kate F. , Culshaw Janet D. , Green Stephen , Oakes Sandra E. , Thomas Andrew P. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A New Biginelli Reaction Procedure Using Potassium Hydrogen Sulfate as the Promoter for an Efficient Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐one.
Authors: Tu Shujiang , Fang Fang , Zhu Songlei , Li Tuanjie , Zhang Xiaojing , Zhuang Qiya 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of 3‐Chloropropeniminium Salts with Aminopyridines. Synthesis of N‐Pyridylpyridinium and Pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidinium Salts.
Authors: Girreser Ulrich , Heber Dieter , Rostaie‐Gerylow Mojgan , Schuett Martin 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dichotomy in Regioselective Cross‐Coupling Reactions of 6,8‐Dichloropurines with Phenylboronic Acid and Methylmagnesium Chloride: Synthesis of 6,8‐Disubstituted Purines.
Authors: Hocek Michal , Hockova Dana , Dvorakova Hana 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Serotonergic Activity of Variously Substituted (3‐Amido)phenylpiperazine Derivatives and Benzothiophene‐4‐piperazine Derivatives: Novel Antagonists for the Vascular 5‐HT1B Receptor.
Authors: Moloney Gerard P. , Garavelas Agatha , Martin Craeme R. , Maxwell Miles , Glen Robert C. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
KF‐Alumina Immobilized in Ionic Liquids: A Novel Heterogeneous Base for Heterocyclization of Alkylsulfanylphenylamines into 1,4‐Benzothiazine.
Authors: Chhikara Bhupender S. , Mishra Anil K. , Tandon Vibha 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Efficient Synthesis and Spectral Determination of 11‐[(o‐; m‐; and p‐Substituted)‐phenyl] ‐8‐chloro‐3,3‐dimethyl‐2,3,4,5,10,11‐hexahydro‐1H‐dibenzo[b,e] [1,4]diazepin‐1‐ones.
Authors: Cortes Cortes Eduardo , Banos Miryan Adaya , Garcia‐Mellado de Cortes Olivia 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Studies on Tellurium‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 22. Tellurazepine Ring System: Preparation of 1,5‐Benzotellurazepin‐4‐ones and Their Conversion into Fully Unsaturated 1,5‐Benzotellurazepines.
Authors: Sashida Haruki , Satoh Hirohito 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Water‐Soluble pH‐Sensitive 2,6‐Bis(substituted ethylidene)cyclohexanone/Hydroxy Cyanine Dyes that Absorb in the Visible/Near‐Infrared Regions.
Authors: Strekowski Lucjan , Mason J. Christian , Lee Hyeran , Say Martial , Patonay Gabor 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Structures of Grixazone A and B, A‐Factor‐Dependent Yellow Pigments Produced under Phosphate Depletion by Streptomyces griseus.
Authors: Ohnishi Yasuo , Furusho Yasuhide , Higashi Tatsuichiro , Chun Hyo‐Kon , Furihata Kazuo , Sakuda Shohei , Horinouchi Sueharu 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Studies Toward Synthesis of Bioactive Labdanes: Efficient Synthesis of 9β‐Carbomethoxy‐4α,4β,10β‐trimethyl‐ (trans)‐decahydronaphthalen‐8‐one.
Authors: Suryawanshi S. N. , Chandra Naveen 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
SN2 vs. E2 on Quaternary Centers: An Application to the Synthesis of Enantiopure β2,2‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Avenoza Alberto , Busto Jesus H. , Corzana Francisco , Jimenez‐Oses Gonzalo , Peregrina Jesus M. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Two New Bacterial DNA Primase Inhibitors from the Plant Polygonum cuspidatum.
Authors: Hegde Vinod R. , Pu Haiyan , Patel Mahesh , Black Todd , Soriano Aileen , Zhao Wenjun , Gullo Vincent P. , Chan Tze‐Ming 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Versatile Use of Bis‐cyclic Thionocarbonates of Polyols as Bis‐electrophilic Intermediates. Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Thioanhydropentitols with D,L‐arabino, L‐ribo and L‐xylo, and Thioanhydroaldoses with D‐lyxo, L‐ribo, D‐xylo, D‐allo, D‐gulo and D‐altro Configurations.
Authors: Danquigny Alain , Benazza Mohammed , Protois Sylvain , Demailly Gilles 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tomato Steroidal Alkaloid Glycosides, Esculeosides A and B, from Ripe Fruits
Authors: Fujiwara Yukio , Takaki Ayumi , Uehara Yukie , Ikeda Tsuyoshi , Okawa Masafumi , Yamauchi Ken , Ono Masateru , Yoshimitsu Hitoshi , Nohara Toshihiro 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Racemic 2‐Hydroxy‐4‐ and 2‐Hydroxy‐5‐(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane Pyrimidine C‐Nucleoside Analogues.
Authors: Sala Michal , Hrebabecky Hubert , Masojidkova Milena , Holy Antonin 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
DBU‐Assisted 1,3,2‐Oxathiaphospholane Ring‐Opening Condensation with Selected O‐, S‐, N‐ and C‐Nucleophiles.
Authors: Misiura Konrad , Szymanowicz Daria , Olesiak Magdalena , Stec Wojciech J. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Novel Secondary Metabolite from Lethariella sernanderi
Authors: Kinoshita Kaoru , Takatori Kazuhiko , Narui Takao , Culberson Chicita F. , Hasumi Masahiro , Nishino Yuuichi , Koyama Kiyotaka , Takahashi Kunio 
Published: August 2004

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Gliocladins A—C and Glioperazine: Cytotoxic Dioxo‐ or Trioxopiperazine Metabolites from a Gliocladium sp. Separated from a Sea Hare.
Authors: Usami Yoshihide , Yamaguchi Junko , Numata Atsushi 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Aminocoumarin Antibiotics from a cloQ‐Defective Mutant of the Clorobiocin Producer Streptomyces roseochromogenes DS12.976.
Authors: Freitag Anja , Galm Ute , Li Shu‐Ming , Heide Lutz 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Antibiotics GE23077, Novel Inhibitors of Bacterial RNA Polymerase. Part 1. Taxonomy, Isolation and Characterization.
Authors: Ciciliato Ismaela , Corti Emiliana , Sarubbi Edoardo , Stefanelli Stefania , Gastaldo Luciano , Montanini Nicoletta , Kurz Michael , Losi Daniele , Marinelli Flavia , Selva Enrico 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory Activities of Some Benzo[l]khellactone Derivatives and Analogues.
Authors: Nicolaides Demetrios N. , Gautam Daman R. , Litinas Konstantinos E. , Hadjipavlou‐Litina Dimitra J. , Fylaktakidou Konstantina C. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Pladienolides, New Substances from Culture of Streptomyces platensis Mer‐11107. Part 1. Taxonomy, Fermentation, Isolation and Screening.
Authors: Sakai Takashi , Sameshima Tomohiro , Matsufuji Motoko , Kawamura Naoto , Dobashi Kazuyuki , Mizui Yoshiharu 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
PP2A Inhibitors, Harzianic Acid and Related Compounds Produced by Fungus Strain F‐1531.
Authors: Kawada Manabu , Yoshimoto Yuya , Kumagai Hiroyuki , Someno Tetsuya , Momose Isao , Kawamura Naoto , Isshiki Kunio , Ikeda Daishiro 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Combinatorial Chemistry: Libraries from Libraries, the Art of the Diversity‐Oriented Transformation of Resin‐Bound Peptides and Chiral Polyamides to Low Molecular Weight Acyclic and Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Nefzi Adel , Ostresh John M. , Yu Jongping , Houghten Richard A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Pathways Towards Pyridazino‐Fused Ring Systems
Authors: Matyus Peter , Maes Bert U. W. , Riedl Zsuzsanna , Hajos Gyoergy , Lemiere Guy L. F. , Tapolcsanyi Pal , Monsieurs Katrien , Elias Oliver , Dommisse Roger A. , Krajsovszky Gabor 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Spectroscopic Imaging in the Mid‐Infrared Applied to High‐Throughput Studies of Supported Catalyst Libraries
Authors: Lasko Steven S. , Hendershot Reed J. , Fu Yu , Fellmann Mark‐Florian , Oskarsdottir Gudbjorg , Snively Christopher M. , Lauterbach Jochen 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Decentralization of breast cancer surgery in the United States
Authors: Neuner Joan M. , Gilligan Mary Ann , Sparapani Rodney , Laud Purushottam W. , Haggstrom David , Nattinger Ann B. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhysician volume of at least 15–30 annual breast cancer operations has been associated with higher 5‐year survival rates. The authors sought to determine whether surgical volumes for breast cancer in the United States frequently reach this threshold.METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of 987 surgeons who operated on 8105 Medicare patients with breast cancer during 1994–1995 in 6 areas in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results tumor registry. The 2‐year physician volume of breast cancer operations was estimated among Medicare patients (approximating the on‐average annual volumes for patients of all ages) and its association was examined with physician characteristics and with 3 measures of surgical care.RESULTSThe median 2‐year Medicare volume for breast cancer surgeons was 6, and 79% of physicians performed ≤ 12 operations. Approximately 50% of patients were cared for by physicians who performed ≤ 12 operations over 2 years, and 10% of patients were cared for by physicians who performed ≥ 30 operations. Surgeon characteristics of age, female gender, general surgery board certification, and academic affiliation were associated with modestly higher volumes of breast cancer surgery. Higher surgeon volumes were associated with higher patient receipt of breast‐conserving surgery, testing for hormone receptors, and lymph node dissection during mastectomy.CONCLUSIONSMost physicians who perform breast cancer surgery perform few annual operations in Medicare patients, and lower volumes are associated with differences in surgical processes of care. Because patients in the Medicare age group comprise almost 50% of all incident breast cancer cases, surgical volumes for patients of all ages also are likely to be low. It is likely that only approximately 10% of patients in the United States are treated by surgeons who performing at least 30 annual operations. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Augmenting LZ‐77 with authentication and integrity assurance capabilities
Authors: Atallah Mikhail J. , Lonardi Stefano 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe formidable dissemination capability allowed by the current network technology makes it increasingly important to devise new methods to ensure authenticity and integrity. Nowadays it is common practice to distribute documents in compressed form. In this paper, we propose a simple variation on the classic LZ‐77 algorithm that allows one to hide, within the compressed document, enough information to warrant its authenticity and integrity. The design is based on the unpredictability of a certain class of pseudo‐random number generators, in such a way that the hidden data cannot be retrieved in a reasonable amount of time by an attacker (unless the secret bit‐string key is known). Since it can still be decompressed by the original LZ‐77 algorithm, the embedding is completely ‘transparent’ and backward‐compatible, making it possible to deploy it without disrupting service. Experiments show that the degradation in compression due to the embedding is almost negligible. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification and authentication of integrated circuits
Authors: Gassend Blaise , Lim Daihyun , Clarke Dwaine , van Dijk Marten , Devadas Srinivas 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThis paper describes a technique to reliably and securely identify individual integrated circuits (ICs) based on the precise measurement of circuit delays and a simple challenge–response protocol. This technique could be used to produce key‐cards that are more difficult to clone than ones involving digital keys on the IC. We consider potential venues of attack against our system, and present candidate implementations. Experiments on Field Programmable Gate Arrays show that the technique is viable, but that our current implementations could require some strengthening before it can be considered as secure. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.