bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robot Learning from Demonstration for Assembly with Camera-Supplemented Optical Motion Capture Sensors
Authors: Hu Haopeng , Yan Hengyuan , Yang Xiansheng , Lou Yunjiang , Li Yanjie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Motion capture (MoCap) sensors hold considerable potential in various industrial fields. One of their applications is serving as demonstration data collectors in robot learning from demonstration (LfD) systems. Within these systems, human workers transfer their expertise to robots through demonstrating targeted tasks, thereby providing significant value within the realm of industrial manufacturing. By supplementing the optical MoCap sensors with an RGB camera, a novel assembly demonstration platform and the corresponding policy learning method is proposed here. The 6-dimensional (6D) pose of the parts and video of the human workers' assembly demonstration are simultaneously obtained and temporally aligned. By exploiting both the accuracy and abundance of the demonstration data, the action recognition and parameter estimation method are proposed to learn the policy. The robotic assembly experiments are conducted to validate the proposed demonstration platform and policy learning method. As the experiment results indicate, with the proposed demonstration platform and the policy learning method, the robot can efficiently accomplish precise assembly tasks with a high success rate.
Dysautonomia and small fiber neuropathy in post-COVID condition and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Azcue Naiara , Pino Rocio Del , Acera Marian , Valle Tamara Fernandez , Mentxakatorre Naia Ayo , Concha Tomás Pérez , Murueta-Goyena Ane , Lafuente Jose Vicente , Prada-Iñurrategui Álvaro , de Munain Adolfo López , Ruiz-Irastorza Guillermo , Martín-Iglesias Daniel , Ribacoba Laureano , Gabilondo Iñigo , Gómez-Esteban Juan Carlos , Tijero-Merino Beatriz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and post-COVID condition can present similarities such as fatigue, brain fog, autonomic and neuropathic symptoms.
Methods
The study included 87 patients with post-COVID condition, 50 patients with ME/CFS, and 50 HC. The hemodynamic autonomic function was evaluated using the deep breathing technique, Valsalva maneuver, and Tilt test. The presence of autonomic and sensory small fiber neuropathy (SFN) was assessed with the Sudoscan and with heat and cold evoked potentials, respectively. Finally, a complete neuropsychological evaluation was performed. The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the autonomic and neuropathic symptoms in post-COVID condition with ME/CFS, and healthy controls (HC), as well as, analyze the relationship of these symptoms with cognition and fatigue.
Results
Statistically significant differences were found between groups in heart rate, with ME/CFS group presenting the highest (H = 18.3; p ≤ .001). The Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), and pathological values in palms on the Sudoscan were found in 31% and 34% of ME/CFS, and 13.8% and 19.5% of post-COVID patients, respectively. Concerning evoked potentials, statistically significant differences were found in response latency to heat stimuli between groups (H = 23.6; p ≤ .01). Latency was highest in ME/CFS, and lowest in HC. Regarding cognition, lower parasympathetic activation was associated with worse cognitive performance.
Conclusions
Both syndromes were characterized by inappropriate tachycardia at rest, with a high percentage of patients with POTS. The prolonged latencies for heat stimuli suggested damage to unmyelinated fibers. The higher proportion of patients with pathological results for upper extremities on the Sudoscan suggested a non-length-dependent SFN.
Fatigue life evaluation of welded joints under multiaxial loading for different stress concepts using an extended Gough-Pollard criterion
Authors: Bauer Niklas Michael , Baumgartner Jörg , Fass Markus 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Fatigue life evaluation of welded joints under multiaxial loading usually refers to stresses normal to the weld and shear stresses. Stresses parallel to the weld are not considered in most experiments, nor in the well-known Gough-Pollard criterion. Hence, the Gough-Pollard criterion has recently been extended in order to include all stress components at the weld surface. In this paper, both the original and, for the first time, the extended Gough-Pollard criterion are applied to different welded specimens under multiaxial stresses that include stresses parallel to the weld. As shown, the original Gough-Pollard equation is not sufficient to evaluate such stress states. The reason is that the calculated fatigue life becomes less conservative as the stresses parallel to the weld become more significant. The extended Gough-Pollard criterion, on the other hand, shows greatly improved accuracy while significantly reducing the likelihood of non-conservative results. In conclusion, the extended Gough-Pollard criterion is able to describe fatigue life under multiaxial stress better than the original version and provides reliable and conservative results for welded joints. The main findings are shown to be valid for the nominal, the hot spot, and the notch stress concept.
Targeted Co-Delivery of FOXM1 Aptamer and DOX By Nucleolin Aptamer-Functionalized pH-Responsive Biocompatible Nanodelivery System to Enhance Therapeutic Efficacy Against Breast Cancer: In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Masoudi Mina , Taghdisi Seyed Mohammad , Hashemitabar Gholamreza , Abnous Khalil 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Targeted nanodelivery systems offer a promising approach to cancer treatment, including the most common cancer in women, breast cancer. In this study, a targeted, pH-responsive, and biocompatible nanodelivery system based on nucleolin aptamer-functionalized biogenic titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNP) was developed for targeted co-delivery of FOXM1 aptamer and doxorubicin (DOX) to improve breast cancer therapy. The developed targeted nanodelivery system exhibited almost spherical morphology with 124.89 ± 12.97 nm in diameter and zeta potential value of -23.78 ± 3.66 mV. FOXM1 aptamer and DOX were loaded into the nanodelivery system with an efficiency of 100% and 97%, respectively. Moreover, the targeted nanodelivery system demonstrated excellent stability in serum and a pH-sensitive sustained drug release profile following Higuchi kinetic and Fickian diffusion mechanism. The in vitro cytotoxicity experiments exhibited the selective and effective internalization of the targeted nanodelivery system into nucleolin-positive 4T1 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. It is noteworthy that this phenomenon was not observed in nucleolin-negative cells (CHO). Moreover, the preclinical studies revealed remarkable tumor growth inhibition with lower side effects for the targeted nanodelivery system in comparison with free drug and the non-targeted nanodelivery system. Our results suggested that the developed innovative targeted pH-responsive biocompatible nanodelivery system could serve as a prospectively potential platform to improve breast cancer treatment.
Deep learning-based prediction of in-hospital mortality of sepsis
Authors: Li Yong , Liu Zhenzhou 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As a serious blood infection disease, sepsis is characterized by a high mortality risk and many complications. Accurate assessment of mortality risk of patients with sepsis can help physicians in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) make optimal clinical decisions, which in turn can effectively save patients' lives. However, most of the current clinical models used for assessing mortality risk in sepsis patients are based on conventional indicators. Unfortunately, some of the conventional indicators have been shown to be inapplicable in the accurate clinical diagnosis nowadays. Meanwhile, traditional evaluation models only focus on a small amount of personal data, causing misdiagnosis of sepsis patients. We refine the core indicators for mortality risk assessment of sepsis from massive clinical electronic medical records(EMRs) with machine learning, and propose a new mortality risk assessment model, DGFSD, for sepsis patients based on deep learning. The DGFSD model can not only learn individual clinical information about unassessed patients, but also obtain information about the structure of the similarity graph between diagnosed patients and patients to be assessed. Numerous experiments have shown that the accuracy of the DGFSD model is superior to state-of-the-art methods available, and can significantly improve the efficiency of clinical auxiliary diagnosis.
Application of Deep Learning on MRI for Discriminating Glioma Recurrence from Radiation Necrosis: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Ying Yu-Zhe , Cai Xiao-Hong , Yang Han , Huang Hua-Wei , Zheng Dao , Li Hao-Yi , Wang Yong-Gang , Jiang Zhong-Li , An Zhu-Lin , Zhang Guo-Bin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Accurate differentiation between glioma recurrence and radiation necrosis is crucial for the management of patients suspected of glioma recurrence after radiation therapy. This study aims to develop a deep learning methodology for automated discrimination of glioma recurrence and radiation necrosis using routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.
Method: We investigated 234 patients who underwent radiotherapy following glioma resection and presented with suspected recurrent lesions during follow-up MRI examinations retrospectively. Routine 3D-MRI scans, including T1, T2, and T1ce sequences, were obtained for each patient. Out of the analyzed cases, 192 (82.1%) were pathologically confirmed as glioma recurrence, while 46 (16.1%) were diagnosed as radiation necrosis. Different Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models were utilized to learn radiological features indicative of gliomas and necrosis from the MRI scans. Performance evaluation metrics including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC), were employed to assess the models’ performance.
Result: Among the evaluated CNN models, ResNet10 exhibited the highest sensitivity of 0.778, specificity of 0.939, accuracy of 0.914, and an AUC of 0.828. Additionally, the MresNet model achieved the highest specificity of 0.980 but had a lower sensitivity of 0.556. Another evaluated CNN model, Vgg16, displayed a sensitivity of 0.556, specificity of 0.939, accuracy of 0.879, and an AUC of 0.702.
Conclusion: The proposed ResNet10 CNN model shows promising performance on routine MRI scans, making it highly applicable in clinical settings. These findings contribute to improving the diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing between glioma recurrence and radiation necrosis based on routine MRI.
Some statistical problems involved in forecasting and estimating the spread of SARS-CoV-2 using Hawkes point processes and SEIR models
Authors: Schoenberg Frederic 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This article reviews some of the statistical issues involved with modeling SARS-CoV02 (Covid-19) in Los Angeles County, California, using Hawkes point process models and SEIR models. The two types of models are compared, and their pros and cons are discussed. We also discuss particular statistical decisions, such as where to place the upper limits on y-axes, and whether to use a Bayesian or frequentist version of the model, how to estimate seroprevalence, and fitting the density of transmission times in the Hawkes model.
Post-COVID-19 patients suffer from chemosensory, trigeminal and salivary dysfunctions
Authors: Rogn Åsmund , Jensen Janicke Liaaen , Iversen Per Ole , Singh Preet Bano 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent literature indicates that post-COVID-19 patients suffer from a plethora of complications, including chemosensory dysfunction. However, little is known about salivary dysfunction in these patients and little attention is given to understand the interactions between chemosensory, trigeminal and salivary dysfunctions in post-COVID-19 patients. The aims of this study were (i) to investigate the prevalence and combinations of chemosensory, trigeminal and salivary dysfunctions, (ii) to identify the odorants/tastants that are compromised, and (iii) to explore possible associations in post-COVID-19 patients. One hundred patients and 76 pre-COVID, healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional, case-controlled study. Participants’ smell, taste, trigeminal, and salivary functions were assessed. Significantly higher prevalence was found in patients for parosmia (80%), hyposmia (48%), anosmia (40%), dysgeusia (34%), complete ageusia (3%), specific ageusia (27%), dysesthesia (11%) and dry mouth (18%) compared to controls (0% in all above except 11.8% in hyposmia). Bitter taste was the most prevalent specific ageusia (66.7%) and coffee was the most common distorted smell (56.4%). Eight different combinations of dysfunctions were observed where combination of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was the most common (45%). These findings indicate that post-COVID-19 patients experience a range of chemosensory, trigeminal and salivary disturbances, occurring in various combinations.
Initial Clinical Experience using 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT for Detecting Various Cancer Types
Authors: Dadgar Habibollah , Norouzbeigi Nasim , Assadi Majid , Al-balooshi Batool , Al-Ibraheem Akram , Haidar Mohamad , Omar Yehia , Esmail Abdulredha A , Al-Alawi Haider Muhsin , Usmani Sharjeel , Cimini Andrea , Arabi Hossein , Zaidi Habib 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Numerous studies have demonstrated that 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT scans would yield high intra-tumoral tracer uptake and low uptake in normal tissues as background, thus allowing for excellent visualization of lesions in the cancer microenvironment. This study set out to compare the suitability of 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET versus routine 18F-FDG PET, 68Ga-DOTATATE and 68Ga-Pentixafor radiotracers for the assessment of different types of cancer.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 11 patients (6 males, 5 females; mean age: 53 years, range: 10–58 years) with histopathologically confirmed, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, medullar thyroid cancer (MTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), cervical, gastric, glioblastoma multiform (GBM), colon, Ewing's sarcoma, and breast cancer was performed. These patients underwent PET/CT scans using four different radiotracers (9 18F-FDG, 11 68Ga-FAPI, 3 68Ga-DOTATATE, and 1 68Ga-Pentixafor). The patients' PET/CT images were visually evaluated for cancer detection, and analyzed semi-quantitatively through image-derived metrics, such as target-to-background ratio (TBR) and maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), for recurrence and metastasis.
Results
The study of 11 patients revealed that 68Ga-FAPI-46 was more effective than other tracers for detecting metastases, with 55 vs. 49 metastases in the lymph nodes, 4 vs. 3 in the liver, and 4 vs. 3 in the bones detected in comparison to 18F-FDG. No significant differences were observed in 68Ga-DOTATATE and 68Ga-Pentixafor PET images (P-value > 0.05). In addition, in five patients, the SUVmax and TBR values​​ in 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET images were significantly higher than 18F-FDG PET images for lymph nodes and bone metastases. Although the SUVmax in 68Ga-FAPI-46 and 18F-FDG PET images for liver metastases was comparable, 68Ga-FAPI-46 had a significantly higher TBR than 18F-FDG.
Conclusions
68Ga-FAPI-46 PET images led to improved detection rates for most metastases and better patient classification compared to 18F-FDG, 68Ga-Pentixafor, and 68Ga-DOTATATE. However, 18F-FDG PET/CT detected more lymph nodes than 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT in various types of cancer.
Cellular dynamics following CAR T cell therapy are associated with response and toxicity in relapsed/refractory myeloma
Authors: Merz Maximilian , Fischer Luise , Grieb Nora , Born Patrick , Weiss Ronald , Seiffert Sabine , Boldt Andreas , Fricke Stephan , Franz Paul , Heyn Simone , Kubasch Anne Sophie , Baber Ronny , Wang Song-Yau , Bach Enrica , Hoffmann Sandra , Ussmann Jule , Kirchberg Janine , Hell Saskia , Schwind Sebastian , Metzeler Klaus , Herling Marco , Jentzsch Madlen , Franke Georg-Nikolaus , Sack Ulrich , Reiche Kristin , Koehl Ulrike , Platzbecker Uwe , Vucinic Vladan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells revolutionized the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, data on cellular (CAR) T cell dynamics and the association with response, resistance or the occurrence of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) are limited. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive flow cytometry analysis of 27 RRMM patients treated with Idecabtagene vicleucel (Ide-cel) to assess the expansion capacity, persistence and effects on bystander cells of BCMA-targeting CAR T cells. Additionally, we addressed side effects, like cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and cytopenia. Our results show that in vivo expansion of CD8+ CAR T cells is correlated to response, however persistence is not essential for durable remission in RRMM patients. In addition, our data provide evidence, that an increased fraction of CD8+ T cells at day of leukapheresis in combination with successful lymphodepletion positively influence the outcome. We show that patients at risk for higher-grade CRS can be identified already prior to lymphodepletion. Our extensive characterization contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics and effects of BCMA-targeting CAR T cells, in order to predict the response of individual patients as well as side effects, which can be counteracted at an early stage or even prevented.
Persistent trigeminal artery variant and presumed ophthalmic artery simultaneously arising from the inferolateral trunk incidentally diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Uchino Akira , Masuda Hiroaki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To describe a case of persistent trigeminal artery variant (PTAV) and presumed ophthalmic artery (OA) simultaneously arising from the inferolateral trunk (ILT).
Methods
A 53-year-old woman with an initial episode of convulsion underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR angiography (MRA) of the intracranial region for the evaluation of brain and vascular lesions. The MR machine was a 3-T scanner.
Results
MRI revealed no pathological brain lesions. On MRA, the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) arose from the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA), indicative of the PTAV. The arising point was more distal than the usual point, and the presumed OA also arose simultaneously from the short common trunk, which was considered the ILT.
Conclusion
There are two types of PTA: lateral (usual) and medial (intrasellar) PTA. The lateral-type PTA and PTAV arise from the ICA of the distal precavernous-proximal cavernous segment and take a course similar to that of the posterior fossa. The medial type arises slightly more in the distal cavernous segment than in the lateral type. The OA rarely arises from the cavernous segment of the ICA and enters the orbit via the superior orbital fissure. The origin of this type of OA is considered to be the ILT. We herein report a case of a PTAV and presumed OA arising simultaneously from an ILT. No similar case has been reported in the relevant English-language literature.
Performance of a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell using a ZnO/Ni-based composite as anode working with diabetic urine as fuel
Authors: Vera-Estrada Irma Lucía , Dector Andrés , Ovando-Medina Víctor Manuel , Martínez-Gutiérrez Hugo , Estrella-Chavero Zulma Flor , Olivares-Ramírez Juan Manuel , Calderón-Martínez Abraham Israel , Antonio-Carmona Iveth Dalila , Morales-Morales Jimmy Alexander 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Urine has recently been considered a source of novel biomarkers for early disease detection; developing more autonomous medical devices would be possible if the urine is also used as fuel in microfluidic fuel cells. This work presents a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell that operates, for the first time, with diabetic urine. Diabetic urine has a different composition than normal urine, and some molecules could affect urea oxidation and decrease fuel cell power generation. This work shows a selective catalyst of ZnO and nickel-based particles used as anode in a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell. Catalysts with different concentrations of Ni+2 were evaluated. The best results were obtained with 3% nickel, using diabetic urine; the maximum voltage achieved was 0.89 V, with a maximum current density of 1.18 mA cm-2 and a maximum power density of 1.26 mW cm-2.
Principles of Digital Professionalism for the Metaverse in Healthcare
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Zahra , Shokri Mehdi , Saeidnia Hamid Reza , Kozak Marcin , Marengo Agostino , Lund Brady D , Ausloos Marcel , Ghiasi Nasrin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background The metaverse, a novel concept that emerged in the second decade of the 21st century based on the integration of virtual reality and augment reality technologies, is being explored by experts for its potential use in healthcare. Alongside its implementation, the issue of digital professionalism in healthcare needs to be addressed. Digital professionalism refers to the knowledge and skills required by healthcare specialists to navigate digital technologies effectively and ethically. This study aims to identify the principles of digital professionalism for the use of metaverse in healthcare. Method This study utilized a qualitative design and collected data through semi-structured online interviews with 20 medical information and health informatics specialists from various countries (USA, UK, Sweden, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Italy, Iran). Data analysis was conducted using the open coding method, wherein concepts (codes) related to the themes of digital professionalism for the metaverse in healthcare were assigned to the data. The analysis was performed using the MAXQDA software (VER BI GmbH, Berlin, Germany). Results The study's findings led to the identification of ten essential principles of digital professionalism for metaverse in healthcare. These principles include Privacy and Security, Informed Consent, Trust and Integrity, Accessibility and Inclusion, Professional Boundaries, Evidence-Based Practice, Continuous Education and Training, Collaboration and Interoperability, Feedback and Improvement, and Regulatory Compliance. Conclusion As the metaverse continues to expand and integrate into various industries, including healthcare, it becomes vital to establish principles of digital professionalism to ensure ethical and responsible practices. Healthcare professionals can uphold these principles to maintain ethical standards, safeguard patient privacy, and deliver effective care within the metaverse.