bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saltwater‐Induced Rapid Gelation of Photoredox‐Responsive Mucomimetic Hydrogels
Authors: Zhang Yipei , Li Ruihan , Trick Tarryn C. , Nosiglia Mark A. , Palmquist Mark S. , Wong Mason L. , Dorsainvil Jovelt M. , Tran Sheila L. , Danielson Mary K. , Barnes Jonathan C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractShear‐thinning hydrogels represent an important class of injectable soft materials that are often used in a wide range of biomedical applications. Creation of new shear‐thinning materials often requires that factors such as viscosity, injection rate/force, and needle gauge be evaluated to achieve efficient delivery, while simultaneously protecting potentially sensitive cargo. Here, a new approach to establishing shear‐thinning hydrogels is reported where a host–guest cross‐linked network initially remains soluble in deionized water but is kinetically trapped as a viscous hydrogel once exposed to saltwater. The shear‐thinning properties of the hydrogel is then “switched on” in response to heating or exposure to visible light. These hydrogels consist of polynorbornene‐based bottlebrush copolymers with porphyrin‐ and oligoviologen‐containing side chains that are cross‐linked through the reversible formation of β‐cyclodextrin–adamantane inclusion complexes. The resultant viscous hydrogels display broad adhesive properties across polar and nonpolar substrates, mimicking that of natural mucous and thus making it easier to distribute onto a wide range of surfaces. Additional control over the hydrogel's mechanical properties (storage/loss moduli) and performance (adhesion) is achieved post‐injection using a low‐energy (blue light) photoinduced electron‐transfer process. This work envisions these injectable copolymers and multimodal hydrogels can serve as versatile next‐generation biomaterials capable of light‐based mechanical manipulation post‐injection.
Multifunctional Spoof Plasmonic Transmission Line with Dynamically Switchable Modes
Authors: Zhang Dawei , Chen Junfan , Ratni Badreddine , Sun Yaxiu , Zhang Kuang , Wu Qun , Li Yingsong , Jiang Tao , Burokur Shah Nawaz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA multifunctional transmission line (TL) based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) is proposed for dynamical switching features among bandpass, band‐stop, and dual‐band phase shifting functionalities. Different operating modes can be controlled in real‐time by changing the states of the Positive Intrinsic Negative (PIN) diodes synchronously. The dispersion properties of the spoof plasmonic unit cell and transmission characteristics of the tunable PIN‐diodes‐loaded spoof plasmonic TL are investigated to highlight the basic theory and method. A prototype of the proposed TL composed of five cascaded unit cells is fabricated and tested for proof‐of‐concept validation. In the ON state of the PIN diodes, the measured −3 dB transmission frequency bandwidth ranges from 3 to 8.1 GHz for the bandpass characteristic. In the OFF state, the measured −10 dB rejection band spans from 3.7 to 5.6 GHz for the bandstop characteristic. When the diodes are switched between ON and OFF states, the measured dual‐band phase shifts vary from 192° to 203° and 248° to 292° in the 3.1–3.4 GHz and 6.1–9.4 GHz frequency bands, respectively. The validated switchable features of the TL pave the way for applications of tunable SSPPs in large‐scale integrated circuits and smart wireless communication systems.
Microchannel‐Confined Chinese Ink‐Based Highly Stretchable Liquid‐State Strain Sensor for Early Warning of Road Collapse
Authors: Chi Haozhen , Yao Yipei , Zhu Ziying , Gao Chenyang , Shi Hongyang , Wan Haochuan , Hou Dibo , Cao Yunqi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStretchable strain sensors are widely used in the fields of wearable devices, soft robotics, healthcare monitoring, and more. Despite tremendous efforts, strain sensors capable of detecting large‐scale soil deformation for urban geological hazard prevention have not yet been demonstrated. In this paper, a soft strain sensor of a highly stretchable Ecoflex‐0030 elastomeric matrix with microchannel‐confined environmentally benign conductive Chinese ink as the liquid‐state strain‐sensitive material that can reliably detect a wide range of working strain up to 300% is demonstrated. The sensor exhibits a negligible hysteresis error of 2.1%, with a considerably good gauge factor of 1.95. The sensor performance is evaluated under both creep and cyclic loading tests, indicating superior stability (0.65% fluctuation), and repeatability (0.28% variation in 1000 cycles), even under a lower underground environment temperature of 18°C. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, a liquid‐state strain sensor array with a strain amplification mechanism capable of accurately monitoring the formation of various underground cavities and providing timely demanded information for early warning of catastrophic road collapse is demonstrated and verified by the computer vision‐based particle image velocimetry (PIV) method.
Accurate and Efficient Sitting Posture Recognition and Human‐Machine Interaction Device Based on Fabric Pressure Sensor Array and Neural Network
Authors: Zhong Weibing , Xu Hui , Ke Yiming , Ming Xiaojuan , Jiang Haiqing , Li Mufang , Wang Dong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article presents a novel approach to interact with users through posture recognition, leveraging its advantages of convenience and real‐time feedback to enhance user engagement and personalized experiences. In contrast to traditional methods that rely on camera‐based posture detection, this study proposes a deep learning‐based framework for posture recognition by classifying the distribution of body pressure under different sitting positions. The system integrates a large‐area, highly flexible fabric pressure sensor array into the chair, which collects data on posture‐specific pressure patterns for training and identification purposes. A deep learning algorithm, specifically the LeNet architecture, is employed to classify 49 different sitting positions based on angular variations, including body tilt to the left or right, standard posture, and forward or backward leaning. The proposed approach achieves an impressive accuracy rate of 99.86%. Furthermore, the application of this posture recognition system in VR devices enables intelligent chair control for VR games. This research provides strong support for future advancements in chair design and human‐computer interaction technologies, enhancing ergonomic designs in various domains such as automotive seats, office chairs, and medical seating, while simultaneously improving user comfort and well‐being.
Multifunctional Folded Transmitarray Antenna (MFTA) with Independent Control of Beam and Polarization Using Reconfigurable Metasurface
Authors: Bian Chenge , Zhou Dongfang , Zhang Dewei , Lv Dalong , Deng Hailin , Zhang Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of information and communication technology, intelligent wireless systems have a huge demand for devices with multi‐function integration and multi‐degree of freedom electromagnetic control. In this paper, a multifunctional folded transmitarray antenna (MFTA) using a reconfigurable metasurface is proposed to achieve simultaneous and independent modulation of beam and polarization. The beam scanning, arbitrary wave generator, and polarization conversion functions can be achieved only by adjusting the PIN diode bias on the reconfigurable metasurface. In order to prove the feasibility of the proposed method, a prototype is fabricated and verified by experiments. Both simulated and measured results verify the excellent performance of the MFTA. This work opens a door to multi‐functional integration and multi‐degree of freedom electromagnetic manipulate devices, which have great prospects in areas such as radar detection and wireless communication.
Accessing Borazine Substitution Patterns through Late‐Stage Iodination
Authors: Marchionni Dario , Nazari Khodadadi Alireza , Cela Ejdi , Huang Fan , Vaccaro Luigi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe have defined a procedure for the late‐stage functionalization of aryl borazines to facilitate the synthesis of a diverse array of borazine derivatives with varying substitution patterns, paving the way for further exploration of the field. More in detail, we have studied and disclosed a simple iodination procedure that could be applied to several differently substituted substrates (1 a–i) with mostly good to excellent yields (47–96%). The representative iodinated compounds 2 b and 2 e, were utilized to test their use in further representative functionalization steps such as cyanation, Heck, and Sonogashira reactions. All products 3 a–e were obtained in satisfactory good to very good yields considering the multiple (three or six times) concomitant reactions.
Facile General Injectable Gelatin/Metal/Tea Polyphenol Double Nanonetworks Remodel Wound Microenvironment and Accelerate Healing
Authors: Zan Xingjie , Yang Dong , Xiao Yi , Zhu Yaxin , Chen Hua , Ni Shulan , Zheng Shengwu , Zhu Limeng , Shen Jianliang , Zhang Xingcai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTreating the most widespread complication of diabetes: diabetic wounds poses a significant clinical obstacle due to the intricate nature of wound healing in individuals with diabetes. Here a novel approach is proposed using easily applicable injectable gelatin/metal/tea polyphenol double nanonetworks, which effectively remodel the wound microenvironment and accelerates the healing process. The gelatin(Gel) crosslink with metal ions (Zr4+) through the amino acids, imparting advantageous mechanical properties like self‐healing, injectability, and adhesion. The nanonetwork's biological functions are further enhanced by incorporating the tea polyphenol metal nanonetwork through in situ doping of the epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with great antibacterial, self‐healing, antioxidant, and anticancer capabilities. The in vitro and in vivo tests show that this double nanonetworks hydrogel exhibits faster cell migration and favorable anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties and can greatly reshape the microenvironment of diabetic wounds and accelerate the wound healing rate. In addition, this hydrogel is completely degraded after subcutaneous injection for 7 days, with nondetectable cytotoxicity in H&E staining of major mice organs and the serum level of liver function indicators. Considering the above‐mentioned merits of this hydrogel, it is believed that the injectable gelatin/metal/tea polyphenol double nanonetworks have broad biomedical potential, especially in diabetic wound repair and tissue engineering.
Synergistic D‐Amino Acids Based Antimicrobial Cocktails Formulated via High‐Throughput Screening and Machine Learning
Authors: Yang Jingzhi , Ran Yami , Liu Shaopeng , Ren Chenhao , Lou Yuntian , Ju Pengfei , Li Guoliang , Li Xiaogang , Zhang Dawei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) from pathogenic bacterial biofilms has become a global health issue while developing novel antimicrobials is inefficient and costly. Combining existing multiple drugs with enhanced efficacy and/or reduced toxicity may be a promising approach to treat AMR. D‐amino acids mixtures coupled with antibiotics can provide new therapies for drug‐resistance infection with reduced toxicity by lower drug dosage requirements. However, iterative trial‐and‐error experiments are not tenable to prioritize credible drug formulations, owing to the extremely large number of possible combinations. Herein, a new avenue is provide to accelerate the exploration of desirable antimicrobial formulations via high‐throughput screening and machine learning optimization. Such an intelligent method can navigate the large search space and rapidly identify the D‐amino acid mixtures with the highest anti‐biofilm efficiency and also the synergisms between D‐amino acid mixtures and antibiotics. The optimized drug cocktails exhibit high antimicrobial efficacy while remaining non‐toxic, which is demonstrated not only from in vitro assessments but also the first in vivo study using a lung infection mouse model.
Occupational stressors and mental illness in healthcare work: An intersection between gender, race, and class
Authors: de Sousa Camila C. , Araújo Tânia M. , Maturino Manuela M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have supported the relevance of using broad and complex approaches, including multiple explanatory categories, to analyze mental disorders in the working population. This study aimed to assess the direct and indirect effects of gender, race, social class, and occupational stressors on mental health.MethodsA cross‐sectional study used a random sample of 3343 health workers. The effort–reward imbalance (ERI) scale measured occupational stressors. The World Health Organization Self‐Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ‐20) evaluated common mental disorders (CMDs) as outcomes. The role of gender, race/color, and class determinants (level of schooling and income) in the relationship between occupational stressors and CMD was assessed. Structural equation modeling was used to determine associations and effects.ResultsOccupational stressors were directly associated with CMD and mediated the relationship between income and CMD. Gender was directly associated with occupational stressors, income, and domestic overload. Race was associated with education and with CMD through indirect paths mediated by class indicators. Class indicators contributed to increasing exposure to occupational stressors and the occurrence of CMD.ConclusionThe results highlight the relevance of gender, race/color, and class in understanding the unequal distribution of work stressors and mental illness in health workers.
Towards a Light‐mediated Gene Therapy for the Eye using Caged Ethinylestradiol and the Inducible Cre/lox System
Authors: Kiy Zoe , Chaud Juliane , Xu Liang , Brandhorst Eric , Kamali Tschackad , Vargas Carolyn , Keller Sandro , Hong Huixiao , Specht Alexandre , Cambridge Sidney 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIncreasingly, retinal pathologies are being treated with virus‐mediated gene therapies. To be able to target viral transgene expression specifically to the pathological regions of the retina with light, we established an in vivo photoactivated gene expression paradigm for retinal tissue. Based on the inducible Cre/lox system, we discovered that ethinylestradiol is a suitable alternative to Tamoxifen as ethinylestradiol is more amenable to modification with photosensitive protecting compounds, i.e., “caging.” Identification of ethinylestradiol as a ligand for the mutated human estradiol receptor was supported by in silico binding studies showing the reduced binding of caged ethinylestradiol. Caged ethinylestradiol was injected into the eyes of double transgenic GFAP‐CreERT2 mice with a Cre‐dependent tdTomato reporter transgene followed by irradiation with light of 450 nm. Photoactivation significantly increased retinal tdTomato expression compared to controls. We thus demonstrated a first step towards the development of a targeted, light‐mediated gene therapy for the eyes.
In Situ Chiral Template Approach to Synthesize Homochiral Lead Iodides for Second‐Harmonic Generation
Authors: Cheng Juan , Yi Gangji , Zhang Zhizhuan , Long Ying , Zeng Hongmei , Huang Ling , Zou Guohong , Lin Zhien 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHomochiral halide perovskites have gained increasing attention because of their fascinating optoelectronic properties and prospective applications in laser technologies. However, the limited choice of chiral organic templates severely restricts their structural diversity and second‐harmonic generation (SHG) effects. Here, we present an in situ chiral template approach for the synthesis of one‐dimensional (1D) homochiral lead iodides. A chiral imine (L‐ipp) template was generated in situ by reacting L‐proline (L‐pro) and acetone under ambient conditions. Notably, L‐ipp can cooperate with L‐pro to direct the formation of a homochiral lead iodide with dual chiral templates, which is unprecedented in crystalline metal halides. The homochiral lead iodide containing both L‐ipp and L‐pro shows a strong SHG response of 8.0 times that of KH2PO4 (8.0×KDP). The SHG efficiency is one of the largest values reported to date for any homochiral lead halides under 1064 nm laser irradiation. A comparative study shows that homochiral 1D lead iodides containing either L‐ipp or L‐pro exhibit relatively weak SHG responses (≤1.0×KDP). This work demonstrates the advantage of using two different chiral templates over a single chiral template in enhancing the SHG responses of halide materials.
Decarboxylative Radical Sulfilimination via Photoredox, Copper, and Brønsted Base Catalysis
Authors: Zhang Mingjun , Liu Lixia , Tan Yuhao , Jing Yue , Liu Yuxiu , Wang Ziwen , Wang Qingmin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSulfilimines, the aza‐variants of sulfoxides, are key structural motifs in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals; and sulfilimine synthesis is therefore important in organic chemistry. However, methods for radical sulfilimination remain elusive, and as a result, the structural diversity of currently available sulfilimines is limited. Herein, we report the first protocol for decarboxylative radical sulfilimination reactions between sulfenamides and N‐hydroxyphthalimide esters of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl carboxylic acids, which were achieved via a combination of photoredox, copper, and Brønsted base catalysis. This novel protocol provided a wide variety of sulfilimines, in addition to serving as an efficient route for the synthesis of S‐alkyl/S‐aryl homocysteine sulfilimines and S‐(4‐methylphenyl) homocysteine sulfoximine. Moreover, it could be used for late‐stage introduction of a sulfilimine group into structurally complex molecules, thereby avoiding the need to preserve labile organosulfur moieties through multistep synthetic sequences. A mechanism involving photocatalytic substrate transformation and copper‐mediated C(sp3)−S bond formation is proposed.
Casting poly(urethane‐imide) elastomers with improved thermoviscoelasticity
Authors: Lin Chih‐Lung , Lou Yi‐Jyun , Cheng Yen‐Yu , Rwei Syang‐Peng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPolyurethane (PU) is a versatile material that can be customized to meet specific commercial requirements in different industries because of its favorable mechanical properties. However, it is not resistant to high temperatures, and it requires structural modifications before it can be used in high‐temperature structural materials. In this study, isocyanates and anhydrides are copolymerized at high temperatures to obtain a solvent‐free oligomer, thus eliminating the risks associated with highly polar aprotic solvents. A casting technique is used to synthesize a solid poly(urethane‐imide) (PUI) elastomer. According to the results, casting PUI (CPUI) exhibits optimal physical properties at a hard segment content of 30.5%. Incorporating an ether, symmetric, or imide structure into CPUI may reduce its hysteresis and improve its thermal creep performance. Compared with PU, CPUI exhibits considerably higher creep aging resistance. In dynamic load application tests, CPUI wheels take a substantially longer time to reach failure compared with PU wheels. Overall, CPUI is an environmentally friendly material with high elasticity, low creep, and high heat aging resistance and is suitable for static and dynamic manufacturing applications.
Cationic polymerization of isobutylene by AlCl3 in n‐hexane and toluene at mild temperatures
Authors: Bentes Jéssica , Mangia Lys H. R. , Vasconcelos Mateus K. , Tatagiba Maxmiliano , Fidalgo Juliana , Campos Daniela , Rebouças Marcio das V. , Andrade Marcio Henrique dos S. , Pinto José Carlos 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study aims to find more efficient ways to manufacture highly reactive polyisobutylene (HRPIB) and modified conventional PIB materials (MCPIB) industrially with high vinyl exo‐group contents through cationic polymerization at mild temperatures. The study performed polymerizations using aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) as a catalyst with different nonpolar solvents (hexane and toluene), reaction temperatures (10 and 30°C), and co‐catalysts (water and dibutyl ether [DBE]). At 30°C, toluene can provide vinyl contents above 30 mol%. Particularly, an important synergetic effect was observed between toluene and ether, as corroborated by statistical analyses, resulting in vinyl contents above 50 mol%, while reactions performed in n‐hexane provided maximum vinyl content of 20 mol%. In all cases, number average molar masses ranged from 200 to 1000 Da, which are typical of CPIB and MCPIB materials. Moreover, addition of excess of ether indicated the likely inhibition of reaction rates in presence of high ether concentrations (≥1.18 × 10 −1 mol/L). The obtained results indicated that AlCl3 can be used successfully to manufacture MCPIB products with terminal vinyl contents above 50 mol% at mild temperatures in common nonpolar solvents (n‐hexane and toluene) and in presence of common co‐catalysts (water and DBE) with high rates of reactions.
A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method development for the quantification of favipiravir drug and its related impurities in rat plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic studies
Authors: Koganti Kalyani , Amara Babu Namburi L. A. , Sattu Naga Raju , Rao Koya Prabhakara 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFavipiravir is an antiviral drug used for the treatment of virus‐based diseases such as influenza. In this context, the development of a reliable liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of the drug and its impurities is necessary, particularly following the COVID‐19 pandemic. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an inertial ODS column using gradient elution with a buffer containing triethylamine in high‐performance liquid chromatography water and adjusting its pH with formic acid. The mixture of buffer and acetonitrile was used as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 1 ml/min at ambient temperature. The separation of favipiravir and its related impurities from remdesivir as an internal standard was achieved. The results indicated that all the variables, like precision, accuracy, linearity, matrix effect and stability, were successfully achieved within the limits of US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. This study could provide a new protocol for the development of new analytical methods for the detection of favipiravir and its impurities.