bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The response of zooplankton network indicators to winter water warming using shallow artificial reservoirs as model case study
Authors: Goździejewska Anna Maria , Kruk Marek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo predict the most likely scenarios, the consequences of the rise in water surface temperature have been studied using various methods. We tested the hypothesis that winter water warming significantly alters the importance and nature of the relationships in zooplankton communities in shallow reservoirs. These relationships were investigated using network graph analysis for three thermal variants: warm winters (WW), moderate winters (MW) and cold winters (CW). The CW network was the most cohesive and was controlled by eutrophic Rotifera and Copepoda, with a corresponding number of positive and negative interspecific relationships. An increase in water temperature in winter led to a decrease in the centrality of MW and WW networks, and an increase in the importance of species that communicated with the highest number of species in the subnetworks. The WW network was the least cohesive, controlled by psammophilous and phytophilous rotifers, and littoral cladocerans. Adult copepods were not identified in the network and the importance of antagonistic relationships decreased, indicating that the WW network structure was weak and unstable. This study can serve as a model for generalisations of zooplankton community response to the disappearance of long winter periods of low temperatures, as predicted in global climate change projections.
Adversarial and variational autoencoders improve metagenomic binning
Authors: Líndez Pau Piera , Johansen Joachim , Kutuzova Svetlana , Sigurdsson Arnor Ingi , Nissen Jakob Nybo , Rasmussen Simon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAssembly of reads from metagenomic samples is a hard problem, often resulting in highly fragmented genome assemblies. Metagenomic binning allows us to reconstruct genomes by re-grouping the sequences by their organism of origin, thus representing a crucial processing step when exploring the biological diversity of metagenomic samples. Here we present Adversarial Autoencoders for Metagenomics Binning (AAMB), an ensemble deep learning approach that integrates sequence co-abundances and tetranucleotide frequencies into a common denoised space that enables precise clustering of sequences into microbial genomes. When benchmarked, AAMB presented similar or better results compared with the state-of-the-art reference-free binner VAMB, reconstructing ~7% more near-complete (NC) genomes across simulated and real data. In addition, genomes reconstructed using AAMB had higher completeness and greater taxonomic diversity compared with VAMB. Finally, we implemented a pipeline Integrating VAMB and AAMB that enabled improved binning, recovering 20% and 29% more simulated and real NC genomes, respectively, compared to VAMB, with moderate additional runtime.
Data-driven detection of critical points of phase transitions in complex systems
Authors: Tao Peng , Du Chenghang , Xiao Yi , Zeng Chen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDetecting the critical points of phase transitions and their driver factors in complex systems from data is a very challenging task. In these regards, the dynamic network biomarker/marker (DNB) method derived from the bifurcation theory is currently very popular, but a unified criterion to pick the most appropriate DNBs is lacking. Here, we propose a giant-component-based DNB (GDNB) method inspired by the percolation theory, that directly selects the largest DNB as the transition core to reflect the progress of the transition. We test the effectiveness of this scheme to detect transitions on three distinct systems, differing in terms of interactions and transitions: Monte Carlo simulations of the 2D Ising model, molecular dynamics simulations of protein folding, and measured gene expression time course in mouse muscle regeneration. These results suggest that the GDNB method inherits all the advantages of the DNB method, while it improves the interpretability at a reduced computational complexity.
DNA sequencing, microbial indicators, and the discovery of buried kimberlites
Authors: Simister Rachel L. , Iulianella Phillips Bianca P. , Wickham Andrew P. , Cayer Erika M. , Hart Craig J. R. , Winterburn Peter A. , Crowe Sean A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPopulation growth and technological advancements are placing growing demand on mineral resources. New and innovative exploration technologies that improve detection of deeply buried mineralization and host rocks are required to meet these demands. Here we used diamondiferous kimberlite ore bodies as a test case and show that DNA amplicon sequencing of soil microbial communities resolves anomalies in microbial community composition and structure that reflect the surface expression of kimberlites buried under 10 s of meters of overburden. Indicator species derived from laboratory amendment experiments were employed in an exploration survey in which the species distributions effectively delineated the surface expression of buried kimberlites. Additional indicator species derived directly from field observations improved the blind discovery of kimberlites buried beneath similar overburden types. Application of DNA sequence-based analyses of soil microbial communities to mineral deposit exploration provides a powerful illustration of how genomics technologies can be leveraged in the discovery of critical new resources.
Atlantic inflow and low sea-ice cover in the Nordic Seas promoted Fennoscandian Ice Sheet growth during the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Simon Margit H. , Rutledal Sunniva , Menviel Laurie , Zolles Tobias , Haflidason Haflidi , Born Andreas , Berben Sarah M. P. , Dokken Trond M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Atlantic water inflow into the Nordic Seas has proven difficult to reconstruct for the Last Glacial Maximum. At that time, the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet grew potentially to its maximum extent. Sea-ice free conditions in the eastern Nordic Seas have been proposed as an essential moisture source contributing to this build-up. It has been hypothesized that the inflow of warm and saline Atlantic surface waters was important for maintaining these seasonally sea-ice free conditions in the Nordic Seas at that time. However, the difference between a perennially frozen ocean and a seasonally open ocean on ice sheet build-up remains unquantified. Here we use, tephra-constrained surface ventilation ages from a network of marine sediment cores and model experiments, to show that Atlantic inflow to the southern Nordic Seas likely occurred predominately via the Iceland-Faroe Atlantic inflow pathway helping to maintain seasonal open waters at the onset of the Last Glacial Maximum. Using a numerical snow model, we further demonstrate that such open-ocean conditions may have been a factor contributing to the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet growth with up to ~150% increase in surface mass balance over Norwegian coastal areas, compared to sea-ice covered conditions.
Nutrient use efficiency has decreased in southwest China since 2009 with increasing risk of nutrient excess
Authors: Liao Guitang , Wang Yongdong , Yu Haiying , He Peng , Lin Zhengyu , Dai Tianfei , Xu Chenghua , Li Tinxuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe optimal application of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, to the soil is crucial for achieving high crop yields with minimal environmental impact. However, the effect of spatio-temporal changes in soil nutrient supply on crop yield is poorly understood in China. Here, we present a framework that combines environmental data, fertilizer field experiments, and machine learning to estimate the rice yield responses to different nutrient conditions and overall farmland nutrient sustainability in southwest China from 2009 to 2019. The results show that the fertilizer input has contributed to the long-term increase in rice yield over the past ten years. The fertilizer use has increased rice yield by 2.3–2.4 tons per hectare per year. However, the nutrient use efficiency decreased, with the fertilizer contribution ratio declining from 29.3% in 2009 to 27.5% in 2019. Further, 19% of the rice-growing farmlands are at risk of nutrient excess, and 36% are at risk of nutrient degradation. Controlling nitrogen and phosphorus input is key to nutrient regulation, and our approach may guide the sustainable use of nutrient resources on farmlands.
The importance of accounting for equity in disaster risk models
Authors: Soden Robert , Lallemant David , Kalirai Manveer , Liu Celine , Wagenaar Dennis , Jit Sophia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSocietal efforts to understand and mitigate threats posed by hazards are often informed by complex disaster risk models. Despite research demonstrating the disproportionate effects of disasters on vulnerable groups, current risk modeling approaches lack robust methods to account for such equity concerns. Consequently, efforts to develop evidence-based disaster risk management interventions may lack awareness of differential risks in the settings where they are applied. Here, we draw on the relevant literature to develop a typology for characterizing current approaches to incorporating equity into risk modeling. Using this typology, we then evaluated 69 risk assessments conducted by major international development organizations. We found that only ~ 28% of risk models attempt a quantitative evaluation of the differential impacts of disasters and climate change. We then used an equity-sensitive approach to reconstruct a recent risk assessment and show that important elements are missed when equity is excluded in disaster risk modeling.
Linking differences in microbial network structure with changes in coral larval settlement
Authors: Turnlund Abigail C , Vanwonterghem Inka , Botté Emmanuelle S , Randall Carly J , Giuliano Christine , Kam Lisa , Bell Sara , O’Brien Paul , Negri Andrew P , Webster Nicole S , Lurgi Miguel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Coral cover and recruitment have decreased on reefs worldwide due to climate change-related disturbances. Achieving reliable coral larval settlement under aquaculture conditions is critical for reef restoration programmes; however, this can be challenging due to the lack of reliable and universal larval settlement cues. To investigate the role of microorganisms in coral larval settlement, we undertook a settlement choice experiment with larvae of the coral Acropora tenuis and microbial biofilms grown for different periods on the reef and in aquaria. Biofilm community composition across conditioning types and time was profiled using 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Co-occurrence networks revealed that strong larval settlement correlated with diverse biofilm communities, with specific nodes in the network facilitating connections between modules comprised of low- vs high-settlement communities. Taxa associated with high-settlement communities were identified as Myxoccales sp., Granulosicoccus sp., Alcanivoraceae sp., unassigned JTB23 sp. (Gammaproteobacteria), and Pseudovibrio denitrificans. Meanwhile, taxa closely related to Reichenbachiella agariperforans, Pleurocapsa sp., Alcanivorax sp., Sneathiella limmimaris, as well as several diatom and brown algae were associated with low settlement. Our results characterise high-settlement biofilm communities and identify transitionary taxa that may develop settlement-inducing biofilms to improve coral larval settlement in aquaculture.
Effect of thermal gradients on inhomogeneous degradation in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Shen , Zhang Cheng , Zhao Yan , Offer Gregory J. , Marinescu Monica 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding lithium-ion battery degradation is critical to unlocking their full potential. Poor understanding leads to reduced energy and power density due to over-engineering, or conversely to increased safety risks and failure rates. Thermal management is necessary for all large battery packs, yet experimental studies have shown that the effect of thermal management on degradation is not understood sufficiently. Here we investigated the effect of thermal gradients on inhomogeneous degradation using a validated three-dimensional electro-thermal-degradation model. We have reproduced the effect of thermal gradients on degradation by running a distributed model over hundreds of cycles within hours and reproduced the positive feedback mechanism responsible for the accelerated rate of degradation. Thermal gradients of just 3 °C within the active region of a cell produced sufficient positive feedback to accelerate battery degradation by 300%. Here we show that the effects of inhomogeneous temperature and currents on degradation cannot and should not be ignored. Most attempts to reproduce realistic cell level degradation based upon a lumped model (i.e. no thermal gradients) have suffered from significant overfitting, leading to incorrect conclusions on the rate of degradation.
Investigation of active voltage support control approach of DC distribution networks based on virtual inertia coordination
Authors: Chen Lei , Jiang Yuqi , Zhao Zekai , Zheng Shencong , Li Yifei , Chen Hongkun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDC distribution networks (DCDNs) possess the advantages of high power efficiency, low operation loss, and favourable control flexibility, and are regarded as an essential form of future power distribution systems. In order to increase the voltage transient performance of DCDNs against disturbances, this paper proposes a methodology for realising the active voltage support control of DCDNs based on virtual inertia coordination. Firstly, the impact of the inertia of DCDNs towards the transient voltage change is analysed, and the active voltage support mechanism considering the variable droop inertia control and virtual DC motor inertia (VDCMI) control is explored. Then, a time sequence coordination strategy based on the voltage grading of DCDNs is developed, and an adaptive inertia coefficient is designed to achieve the inertia adjustment in terms of the voltage sag and recovery processes. Using MATLAB/Simulink, a detailed model of the double‐terminal DCDNs is created to check the efficacy of the proposed approach. Different voltage disturbance scenarios are imitated, and the comparative simulations demonstrate that the proposed approach can fully utilise the inertia potential of the DCDNs to suppress the voltage sag and smooth the voltage recovery procedure. The proposed method's validity and feasibility can be well validated.The cover image is based on the Original Article Investigation of active voltage support control approach of DC distribution networks based on virtual inertia coordination by Lei Chen et al., https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.12123.
A high step‐up coupled‐inductor‐based dc‐dc converter with a wide duty cycle range and improved gain‐to‐element ratio
Authors: Karimi Hajiabadi Mostafa , Lahooti Eshkevari Alireza , Abdoli Iman , Mosallanejad Ali , Salemnia Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMost high‐gain step‐up dc‐dc structures operate with a limited duty cycle and suffer from a high component count, limiting their application. This paper addresses these problems by proposing a new step‐up dc‐dc converter that provides a high conversion ratio with few elements. Two coupled inductors are used instead of conventional voltage multiplier cells to improve the gain without excessive components. The topology includes one switch whose duty cycle is not limited and can vary between zero and one according to the output voltage condition. It has been placed on the low‐voltage side of the converter that encounters low‐voltage stress. It is selected from low‐voltage rating switches with small on‐resistance, which reduces the conduction loss of the switch and improves the efficiency. High boost factor, high efficiency, reasonable component counts, improved gain‐to‐element ratio, and low voltage stress on the switch distinguishe the converter from their counterparts. The topology also benefits from the common‐ground feature. However, its input current waveform is pulsating. This article describes the theory and operation principle of the topology in detail. Experimental results are represented to evaluate the converter's performance and operation. In this case, a 240 W prototype has been designed and fabricated. Results confirm the above claims.
Information theoretic waveform design with applications to adaptive‐on‐transmit radar
Authors: Herr Daniel B. , Raju Pranav S. , Stiles James M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe marginal Fisher information (MFI) metric is used to design waveforms for the sake of informationally optimal adaptive‐on‐transmit radar operation. A framework for MFI waveform design is developed and the Polyphase‐Coded FM (PCFM) waveform model is utilised to produce a constant‐modulus, spectrally contained signal amenable to transmission with high‐power amplifiers. The efficacy of the MFI waveform design and minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation is experimentally demonstrated and extended into an adaptive and dynamic sensing paradigm. The radar transmit waveform is optimised to maximise the Fisher information with respect to the range profile. Upon observing new information from radar echoes, the iterative MMSE (iMMSE) estimator then minimises the estimation error variance according to prior observations. Sequential information maximisation (via waveform design) and error minimisation (via iMMSE) tends towards the Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB) with additional measurements improving radar resolution and accuracy. These concepts maximise the information extracted by a radar operating in a congested spectrum where the available bandwidth is limited.
Modeling the significance of advertising values on online impulse buying behavior
Authors: Feng Zhitan , Al Mamun Abdullah , Masukujjaman Mohammad , Yang Qing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGrowth in online impulsive buying and digital advertising have drawn the attention of researchers in developed countries, but it is still in its early stages, especially in China. China is positioned to overtake the world as the nation with the highest volume of online purchases owing to a variety of growth-related variables, including impulsive purchases. Surprisingly, there is a deficiency in the holistic understanding of Chinese customers in different age groups regarding the links between advertising value and online impulsive buying behavior. Thus, to advance the line of research, this study intends to determine the connection between advertising value and online impulse buying behavior along with the indirect connection between the urge to buy impulsively and moderation of anxiety. To achieve this objective, data were obtained from 1422 online consumers. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling. The results confirm that informativeness, credibility, creativity, entertainment, integration, and the urge to buy online significantly and consequently urge to buy online positively influence online impulsive buying among Chinese consumers. Surprisingly, this interaction was statistically insignificant. Furthermore, the proposed moderator, customer anxiety, also showed no moderating impact on the urge to buy online impulsively and online impulsive buying behavior. The mediation result suggests that urge to buy impulsively significantly mediates the relationship between informativeness, credibility, creativity, entertainment, and integration with online impulse buying behavior, except for interaction and online impulse buying behavior. These findings contribute theoretically by adding new information about Chinese motivational factors for impulsive buying. Empirically, it adds value to marketers, advertisers, and online retailers by considering informativeness, creativity, entertainment, integration, and the urge to buy online while communicating with Chinese consumers at all customer touch points.
Population-based nationwide incidence of complications after gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma in Finland
Authors: Putila Emilia , Helminen Olli , Helmiö Mika , Huhta Heikki , Jalkanen Aapo , Kallio Raija , Koivukangas Vesa , Kokkola Arto , Laine Simo , Lietzen Elina , Louhimo Johanna , Meriläinen Sanna , Pohjanen Vesa-Matti , Rantanen Tuomo , Ristimäki Ari , Räsänen Jari V , Saarnio Juha , Sihvo Eero , Toikkanen Vesa , Tyrväinen Tuula , Valtola Antti , Kauppila Joonas H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The incidence of postoperative complications after gastrectomy for gastric cancer is not well known. More population-based studies using established complication classifications are needed for international comparison. The aim of this study was to evaluate the population-based incidence of postoperative complications after gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Methods
This population-based study based on the Finnish National Esophago-Gastric Cancer Cohort included all patients at least 18 years of age undergoing gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma in Finland during 2005–2016. The occurrence of complications 30 and 90 days after surgery was graded based on the Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group definitions and the severity of complications was assessed using the Clavien–Dindo scale.

Results
This study included a total of 2196 patients. Postoperative complications occurred in 906 (41.3 per cent) of patients during 30 days after surgery and in 946 (43.1 per cent) during 90 days after surgery. Clavien–Dindo grade III or higher complications occurred in 375 (17.1 per cent) of patients. The most common complications 90 days after surgery by Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group upper-level categories were gastrointestinal (n = 438; 19.9 per cent), including anastomotic leak, infectious (n = 377; 17.2 per cent) and pulmonary (n = 335; 15.3 per cent) complications. Postoperative mortality rate was occurred in 72 (3.3 per cent) patients within 30 days and in 161 (7.3 per cent) patients within 90 days after surgery. The median duration of postoperative hospital stay was 9 days (interquartile range 4–14).

Conclusions
Postoperative complications are common across all types of gastrectomy and the majority occur during the first 30 postoperative days. This study informs the patients and caregivers of the expected outcomes of gastrectomy.