bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surveillance of tick-borne pathogens in domestic dogs from Chad, Africa, in a One Health context
Authors: Haynes Ellen , Garrett Kayla B. , Grunert Ryan K. A. , II John A. Bryan , Sidouin Metinou , Oaukou Philip Tchindebet , Ngandolo Richard , Yabsley Michael J. , Cleveland Christopher A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Tick-borne pathogens are understudied among domestic animals in sub-Saharan Africa but represent significant threats to the health of domestic animals and humans. Specifically, additional data are needed on tick-borne pathogens in Chad, Africa. Surveillance was conducted among domestic dogs in Chad for selected tick-borne pathogens to measure (1) the prevalence of antibodies against Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, and Ehrlichia spp.; (2) the prevalence of infections caused by Hepatozoon spp., Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, and Babesia spp.; and (3) associations of pathogens with demographic, spatial, and temporal factors. Blood samples were collected from domestic dogs at three time points (May 2019, November 2019, June 2020) across 23 villages in three regions in southern Chad.
Results
Of the 428 dogs tested with the IDEXX SNAP 4Dx test in May 2019, 86% (n = 370, 95% CI = 83–90%) were positive for antibodies to Ehrlichia spp., 21% (n = 88, 95% CI = 17–25%) were positive for antibodies to Anaplasma spp., and 0.7% (n = 3, 95% CI = 0.1–2%) were positive for antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi. Four different pathogens were detected via PCR. Hepatozoon spp. were most commonly detected (67.2–93.4%, depending on the time point of sampling), followed by E. canis (7.0-27.8%), A. platys (10.1–22.0%), and Babesia canis vogeli (0.4–1.9%). Dogs were coinfected with up to three pathogens at a single time point, and coinfections were most common in May 2019 compared to November 2019 and May 2020.
Conclusions
Overall, this study provides new data about the epidemiology of tick-borne pathogens in domestic dogs in Chad, with potential implications for dog and human health.
Super-Photostable Organic Dye for Long-Term Live-cell Single Protein Imaging
Authors: Ryu Sung Ho , Kim Do-Hyeon , Hong Minh Triet , Lee Sun Hyeok , Jazani Sina , Jang Seongjae , Seo Jongcheol , Ha Taekjip , Chang Young-Tae 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

We introduce a super-photostable and bright organic dye, ‘Phoenix Fluor 555 (PF555)’, which exhibits an order-of-magnitude longer photobleaching lifetime than conventional organic dyes without the requirement of any anti-photobleaching additives. PF555 is an asymmetric cyanine structure where one side of indole from the conventional Cy3 is substituted with 3-oxo-quinoline. PF555 provides a powerful tool for long-term live-cell single-molecule imaging, as we demonstrated the dynamic interactions of the single-molecule epidermal growth factor receptor with clathrin-coated structures on the plasma membrane of a live cell under a physiological condition.
Vedolizumab levels are associated with clinical remission in pouchitis
Authors: Hirsch Ayal , Tulchinsky Hagit , Maharshak Nitsan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Pouchitis is the most common complication in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients following ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA). Recent studies have demonstrated vedolizumab efficacy in the treatment of refractory pouchitis. Vedolizumab serum level was associated with clinical and endoscopic remission in Crohn’s disease. The aim of this study was to assess the association between vedolizumab serum levels and clinical outcomes in pouchitis.
Methods
We performed a single center retrospective study at a major tertiary referral medical center, in which we extracted data on patients who underwent IPAA and were treated post-operatively with vedolizumab for complicated chronic pouchitis between October 2015 and January 2020. Our primary study outcomes were clinical remission rates at weeks 14 and 52 of vedolizumab treatment.
Results
Nineteen UC patients (13 males, mean age of 53.8 ± 4.7 years) underwent total proctocolectomy with IPAA and treated with vedolizumab for complicated chronic pouchitis. Steroid-free clinical remission rates at week 52 of vedolizumab therapy were 52.6%, compared to 10.5% at baseline (p = 0.013). Endoscopic remission rates during maintenance were 59%, compared to 32% at baseline (p = 0.01). Higher mean serum vedolizumab trough levels at weeks 22 to 52 (maintenance phase) were associated with clinical remission at week 52 (14.6 ± 1.35 vs 4.4 ± 2 [mcg/ml], p = 0.015). Increased serum vedolizumab trough levels were numerically associated with endoscopic remission at maintenance but did not reach statistical significance (6.0 ± 1.8 vs 17.7 ± 1.6 [mcg/ml], p = 0.06).
Conclusion
Vedolizumab is effective in patients with complicated chronic pouchitis, increasing the rates of clinical and endoscopic remission. Higher maintenance vedolizumab serum levels were associated with clinical remission.
Brugada syndrome precipitated by an antimalarial agent: a case report
Authors: Amir Muzakkir , Mukhtar Irmayanti , Tandean Pendrik , Rahmani Muhammad Zaki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular events of antimalarial treatment remain unclear, only a few studies has reported its adverse outcome. This case presentation emphasizes cardiological assessment of brugada syndrome, a rare genetic predisposed that manifest as life threatening arrhytmia occurs during routine antimalarial consumption. Without screening and untreated, this disease leads to sudden cardiac death.
Case Presentation: We report a 23-year-old male initially presented with palpitation followed by syncope and shortness of breath with history of malaria infection and has switched treatment from quinidine to Dihidroartemisinin – Piperaquin (DHP). Further investigations reveal ST Elevation electrocardiogram pattern related to brugada syndrome, confirmed with flecainide challenge test. Subsequently, we stop antimalarial drug and consent to perform Implantable Cardioverter defibrilator (ICD). Initially, patients feel clinical improvement after treatment then discharged from hospital.
Conclusions: Another possible cause of arrhythmic events happened following antimalarial consumption. This case highlights the possibility of proarrhytmogenic mechanism of malaria infection and antimalarial drug resulting in typical manifestation of brugada syndrome.
Understanding Flow around Planetary Moons via Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent Maps
Authors: Canales David , Howell Kathleen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This contribution focuses on the use of finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) maps to investigate spacecraft motion within the context of the circular restricted three-body problem. The authors expose some of the advantages and shortcomings of FTLE maps and illustrate their use by examining the motion in the vicinity of a moon; in particular, the Jovian moons, Ganymede and Europa. The behavior of trajectories in the vicinity of the moons and the factors that influence their construction are examined. The authors also explore the symmetry relationships of the Lagrangian coherent structures that are defined within the FTLE maps. It is useful to establish relationships between initial conditions within the FTLE maps to understand particular trajectory behaviors in the neighborhoods of moons. The results demonstrate that, by utilizing FTLE maps, a better understanding of spacecraft behavior in the vicinity of celestial bodies emerges, enabling more accurate mission planning and execution.
The MhLHCB15 gene interacts with interacting proteins to regulate iron deficiency tolerance in Malus halliana
Authors: Dong Yongjuan , Zhang Zhongxing , Cheng Jiao , Gao Yanlong , Wang Xiaoya , Zhao Wenbin , Zhang Donghai , Wang Yanxiu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Iron (Fe) plays a crucial role as a micronutrient in facilitating plant growth and development. Alterations in the availability of iron can trigger a response resulting in iron deficiency, ultimately affecting both plant growth and crop yield.
Results
A total of 33 MhLHC family members were identified in Malus halliana based on the apple genome database under Fe deficiency. The study comprehensively analyzed the physicochemical properties, gene structures, conserved motif compositions, evolutionary relationships, and chromosomal distributions of these family members. Additionally, 15 genes were selected for qRT-PCR to verify whether they responded to abiotic stress. It was demonstrated that MhLHCB15 significantly responded to Fe deficiency stress. Among them, Further investigation was conducted on the functional properties of MhLHCB15 in Arabidopsis and apple calli. Overexpression of MhLHCB15 enhanced Fe deficiency tolerance of in both Arabidopsis and apple calli, which evoked a variety of biochemical changes: transgenic Arabidopsis displayed higher photosynthetic efficiency (Tr, Gs, and Pn) and fluorescence parameters (qP, F0, Fm, and Fv/Fm) and lower Ci compared to the WT. The chlorophyll content, photosynthetic products (SS, St and SP), and enzyme activities (SOD, POD and CAT) of transgenic A. thaliana and apple calli were markedly higher compared to the WT, however, the MDA content and ROS accumulation were less than the WT. Moreover, the FCR activity of transgenic Arabidopsis and apple calli was stronger in comparison to the WT.
Conclusions
In summary, overexpression of the MhLHCB15 gene enhanced Arabidopsis and apple calli tolerance to Fe deficiency stress. In this study, the interaction proteins MhSGR1 and MhTHF1 of MhLHCB15 were screened, which contributes to further analyze the regulation of MhLHCB15 on Fe deficiency tolerance of M. halliana.
Unraveling novel Mutation Patterns and Morphological Variations in Two Dalbavancin-resistant MRSA strains in Austria using Whole Genome Sequencing and Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Hotz Julian Frederic , Staudacher Moritz , Schefberger Katharina , Spettel Kathrin , Schmid Katharina , Kriz Richard , Schneider Lisa , Hagemann Jürgen Benjamin , Cyran Norbert , Schmidt Katy , Starzengruber Peter , Lötsch Felix , Leutzendorff Amelie , Daller Simon , Ramharter Michael , Burgmann Heinz , Lagler Heimo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose: The increasing prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains resistant to non-beta-lactam antimicrobials poses a significant challenge in treating severe MRSA bloodstream infections. This study explores resistance development and mechanisms in MRSA isolates, especially after the first dalbavancin-resistant MRSA strain in our hospital in 2016.
Methods: This study investigated 55 MRSA bloodstream isolates (02/2015–02/2021) from the University Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna, Austria. The MICs of dalbavancin, linezolid, and daptomycin were assessed. Two isolates (16-33 and 19-362) resistant to dalbavancin were analyzed via whole-genome sequencing, with morphology evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Results: S.aureusBSI strain 19-362 had two novel missense mutations (p.I515M and p.A606D) in the pbp2 gene. Isolate 16-33 had a 534bp deletion in the DHH domain of GdpP and a SNV in pbp2 (p.G146R). Both strains had mutations in the rpoB gene, but at different positions. TEM revealed significantly thicker cell walls in 16-33 (p < 0.05) compared to 19-362 and dalbavancin-susceptible strains. Over the observed years, a noticeable MIC creep for dalbavancin emerged. None of the MRSA isolates showed resistance to linezolid or daptomycin.
Conclusion: Inlight of increasing vancomycin resistance reports, continuous surveillance is essential to comprehend the molecular mechanisms of resistance in alternative MRSA treatment options. Furthermore, based on the observed dalbavancin MIC creep, inclusion of dalbavancin in routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing should be considered.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Enfortumab Vedotin between patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma who were treated with Avelumab or Pembrolizumab: Real-World Data from a Multi-Institutional Study in Japan
Authors: Hirasawa Yosuke , Adachi Takahiro , Hashimoto Takeshi , Fukuokaya Wataru , Koike Yuhei , Yata Yuji , Komura Kazumasa , Uchimoto Taizo , Tsujino Takuya , Nishimura Kazuki , Takahara Kiyoshi , Saruta Masanobu , Fujita Kazutoshi , Hashimoto Mamoru , Uemura Hirotsugu , Shiroki Ryoichi , Azuma Takashi , Kimura Takahiro , Ohno Yoshi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is a novel antibody-drug conjugate approved for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) refractory to prior treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, the difference in efficacy of EV after each ICIs and prognostic factors are not well known. We aimed to compare the efficacy of EV in patients with metastatic UC who were treated with avelumab or pembrolizumab and to identify the prognostic factors.
Methods
The records of 100 patients with advanced metastatic UC who received EV after the administration of either avelumab or pembrolizumab were retrospectively collected from five academic hospitals in Japan.
Results
The median follow-up period was 6.7 months. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in the EV after avelumab/pembrolizumab group were not reached/14.7 months (p = 0.17) and 10.4/5.2 months (p = 0.039), respectively. The objective response rates (ORR) were 66.6% and 46.8% in EV after avelumab and EV after pembrolizumab groups, respectively (p = 0.14). Multivariate analysis identified histological variants, liver metastasis, low serum albumin levels, and high serum CRP level as significant poor prognostic factors. The median OS and PFS of cachexia patients with both low serum albumin levels and high serum CRP levels were 6.0 months and 0.93 months, respectively.
Conclusion
PFS was superior in patients treated with EV after avelumab to EV after pembrolizumab. However, OS showed no significant difference between the two groups. Because the prognosis of patients with cachexia is extremely poor, the initiation of EV should be discussed in these patients.
Eco-Friendly Fabrication of Nanoplastic Particles and Fibrils Using Polymer Blends as Templates
Authors: Rusli Andri , Hedenqvist Mikael S. , Yin Haiyan , Feng Zhaoxuan , Liu Baicang , Wei Xin-Feng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Plastic pollution poses a critical global environmental challenge, and within this context, nanoplastics (NPs), the smallest plastic fragments, remain poorly understood. The progress in studying NP toxicity and developing analytical methods highly depends on access to well-defined NP materials. Herein, a straightforward and eco-friendly method for fabricating NP particles and fibrils using polymer blends as templates is presented. The process began with blending plastics with a water-soluble polymer (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)), followed by the dissolution of the PVA matrix in water and the isolation of the NPs through a two-stage filtration process. NP materials from three widely used plastics, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, were prepared, underscoring the versatility of this method. The resulting NPs were primarily submicron in size, and their size and distribution were tuned by varying the blend ratio. Furthermore, by incorporating a stretch operation during the extrusion, the NP shape could be varied, enabling the fabrication of NP fibril materials. This method, which does not rely heavily on specialized equipment and avoids the use of harsh solvents, offers a viable and eco-friendly approach to fabricating NP samples suitable for a broad range of research applications.
Deep learning pricing of food processor agents in agricultural spatial markets
Authors: Khalili Hamed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Pricing behavior of agricultural processing firms in agricultural input markets has large impacts on the farmers and processors prosperity as well as the overall structure of the market. Despite established analytical contributions with regard to explanation of food processors’ pricing policies in agricultural spatial markets, the need for models, which can reflect real complex market environment features is contemporary. Agent-based models ABMs serve by now as computational laboratories to help understand market outcomes emerging from autonomously interacting agents. Yet, individual agents within ABMs must be equipped with appropriate intelligent learning algorithms. The objective of this paper is to development robust deep learning agents to simulate the pricing behavior of agricultural processing agents in agricultural input markets. Besides, our simulations contribute to improve the existing explanations of agricultural processors’ spatial pricing policies.
Awareness of medical students at the Syrian Private University about hypothyroidism
Authors: Teeba Lana , Shaal Mohammad Qusai , Hammoud Taghrid 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and purpose of the research:
Hypothyroidism is defined as a disorder in the functioning of the thyroid gland in which it does not produce enough thyroid hormone, and it can cause a number of symptoms, such as: poor ability to tolerate cold, feeling tired, constipation, depression, low heart rate, and increased Weight: This study aims to know the awareness of medical students at the Syrian Private University about the symptoms of hypothyroidism.
Methods and materials:
Samples were collected at the Syrian Private University through an electronic questionnaire that was distributed to the special groups of the Syrian Private University. The samples were analyzed using the SPSS program during official working hours. The sample selection method was convenience sampling. Our required sample size was 204, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria and design. The study is cross-sectional.
Results
The sample included 204 students, and most of the participating students were sixth-year students, 32%. Most students answered about the skin symptoms of hypothyroidism, 93.2%. Most students answered the neurological symptoms, which revolved around depression and difficulty sleeping, 66.6%, while examining the thyroid gland. 71.1% are made through manual and radiological examination, 65.1% are diagnosed through TSH measurement, while 92.4% are treated through thyroxine.
Conclusion
The awareness rate was higher among sixth and fifth year students regarding symptoms associated with hypothyroidism, examination, diagnosis, and treatment, but a smaller percentage of students were aware of complications of hypothyroidism and other uncommon symptoms (60.6%/55.5%) and treatment of hypothyroidism in pregnant women (60%). \ 50%), and based on the unsatisfactory results, scientific seminars must be held to raise awareness for students of all academic years so that they are fully aware and knowledgeable of all complications of the disease and the means of diagnosis and treatment.
Prevalence and associated factors of forgone care among hypertensive patients in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Gebretsadik Kirubel Workiye , Enkoye Biruktawit Destaw , Suleyiman Feruza Mehammed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Hypertension is a complex chronic disease requiring appropriate continuous medical care, and forgone care may exacerbate the severity of the disease and associated complications. The assessment of forgone care indicates the gap between perceived need and actual utilization of healthcare services. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors affecting forgone care in patients with hypertension.
Method
A cross-sectional study was also conducted. Study subjects were selected by using a systematic sampling technique. The data were collected using an interview-administered written questionnaire. A descriptive analysis was conducted to obtain a summary value for each variable. All variables with a p value < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model to identify factors that were significantly associated with the outcome variable. A p value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. The data are presented in statements, tables, and graphs.
Results
A total of 405 patients were included in the study. Of these, 35.2% reported forgone care. The most frequently stated reason for forgoing care was the financial burden resulting from the costs of disease treatment (46.3%). According to the final multivariable regression model, the odds of receiving care among hypertensive patients who did not have community-based health insurance were 2.754 times greater than those among those who did. The odds of receiving care among hypertensive patients who did not have family support were 2.31 times greater than those among patients who had family support.
Conclusion and recommendation:
A considerable number of patients with hypertension had a history of forgoing care, and the most important reasons for forgoing care were related to financial pressure and lack of family support for receiving treatment. A qualitative study is needed to further investigate the underlying reasons why hypertensive patients forgo healthcare.
A splanchnic venous thrombosis revealing Biermer's disease: A case report.
Authors: A Bachir Cherif. , S Benzaamia. , Y Djebbar. , A Taleb. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background The relationship between Biermer's disease and increased thrombotic risk, while uncommon, represents a critical clinical concern necessitating heightened diagnostic awareness for patients presenting with unexplained thrombotic symptoms.Case presentation: This report details the case of a 57-year-old male, with a prior diagnosis of Graves' disease, who developed splanchnic venous thrombosis. An extensive etiological investigation revealed mild hyperhomocysteinemia, associated with an undiagnosed Biermer's disease.Conclusions Our case underscores a critical association between Biermer's disease, hyperhomocysteinemia, and venous thrombosis, emphasizing the imperative for further research elucidating their interconnected pathogenesis.