bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the tensile performance of Al/Mg alloy dissimilar friction stir welded joints by reducing brittle intermetallic compounds
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Das Ashish , Ballav Raj , Kumar Niraj , Sharma Keshav K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this current research work, magnesium AZ61 (Advancing Side) and aluminum 6061-T6 (Retreating Side) alloys were joined using the zinc interlayer friction stir welding technique at the optimum process parameters. The aim of this work is to propose an effective alternative to overcome issues related to aluminum/magnesium joints. This article investigates the effects of zinc foil (0.2 mm) on the weld surface (3 mm aluminum/magnesium plates), intermetallic compound characteristics, microstructure, fracture surface and strength of joint. The emergence and nature of intermetallic compounds during aluminum/magnesium and aluminum/zinc/magnesium friction stir welded joints were studied in detail. As can be seen from the findings, using zinc in aluminum/magnesium friction stir welded joints inhibits the emergence of brittle aluminum–magnesium intermetallic compounds and promotes the formation of magnesium–zinc intermetallic compounds in the stir zone by introducing the zinc interlayer, confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the average tensile performance (181.33 MPa) of friction stir welded aluminum/zinc/magnesium joints was enhanced up to 18.26 % compared to aluminum/magnesium friction stir welded joints (153.33 MPa). The promising results of this research establish an alternative route with a cost-effective technique to enhance the aluminum/magnesium dissimilar joint strength.
Structuring step dependent characteristics in joining using pin-like structures in the vibration welding process
Authors: Wolf Michael , Drummer Dietmar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With this study, correlations in the structuring step of pin-like joining were derived. Increased friction energy due to higher amplitude or force leads to a reduction in structuring time. Changes in thermo-mechanical properties for humid specimens result in increased process times. The theoretical geometry of the pin-like structures is well reproduced in the lower pin area, regardless of the process control. In the upper pin area, increased force and amplitude results in increased defects and air inclusions as a result of an accelerate and more inhomogeneous pin formation. Humidity does not affect the general pin geometry, but should be avoided due to increased air inclusions that can weaken the structure. For the multi-material joints, high bond strengths of up to 30 % of the base material (max. 50 % possible with the geometry used) can be achieved. Therefore, a minimum undercut is required. Once this is reached, the pin defects and the corresponding pin-foot ratio are decisive for the resulting bond quality.
Augmentation of immune response to vaccinations through osteopathic manipulative treatment: a study of procedure
Authors: Sanchez Jesus , Martinez Eric S. , Loveless Brian , Sees Julieanne P. , Zammuto Joseph , Szurmant Hendrik , Fuchs Sebastien , Crone Paula , Hostoffer Robert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Context
Anecdotal evidence suggested that osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) may have imparted survivability to patients in osteopathic hospitals during the 1918 influenza pandemic. In addition, previous OMT research publications throughout the past century have shown evidence of increased lymphatic movement, resulting in improved immunologic function qualitatively and quantitatively.

Objectives
The following is a description of a proposed protocol to evaluate OMT effects on antibody generation in the peripheral circulation in response to a vaccine and its possible use in the augmentation of various vaccines. This protocol will serve as a template for OMT vaccination studies, and by adhering to the gold standard of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), future studies utilizing this outline may contribute to the much-needed advancement of the scientific literature in this field.

Methods
This manuscript intends to describe a protocol that will demonstrate increased antibody titers to a vaccine through OMT utilized in previous historical studies. Confirmation data will follow this manuscript validating the protocol. Study participants will be divided into groups with and without OMT with lymphatic pumps. Each group will receive the corresponding vaccine and have antibody titers measured against the specific vaccine pathogen drawn at determined intervals.

Results
These results will be statistically evaluated. Our demonstration of a rational scientific OMT vaccine antibody augmentation will serve as the standard for such investigation that will be reported in the future. These vaccines could include COVID-19 mRNA, influenza, shingles, rabies, and various others. The antibody response to vaccines is the resulting conclusion of its administration. Osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) lymphatic pumps have, in the past through anecdotal reports and smaller pilot studies, shown effectiveness on peripheral immune augmentation to vaccines.

Conclusions
This described protocol will be the template for more extensive scientific studies supporting osteopathic medicine’s benefit on vaccine response. The initial vaccine studies will include the COVID-19 mRNA, influenza, shingles, and rabies vaccines.
Perception of illusory clusters: the role of native timing
Authors: Kwon Harim , Chitoran Ioana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We explore the influence of native timing patterns on nonnative speech perception, by asking whether a nonnative CVCV sequence can be perceived as CCV when the temporal organization of nonnative CVCV is similar to native CCV. To explore this question, Georgian listeners are tested on a CCa-CVCá discrimination in French. Georgian has a rich word-onset cluster inventory, with component consonants loosely timed. The loose timing often, though not always, results in a schwa-like CC transition. French, the stimulus language, exhibits tighter timing in biconsonantal clusters, no vocalic transitions, and a reduced non-prominent first vowel in CVCá sequences. We hypothesize that the cross-language difference in inter-consonantal timing can facilitate the perception of an illusory cluster when Georgian listeners hear French CVCá. The findings reveal such perceptual confusion, particularly in the CCa-CøCá contrast in which the nonnative /ø/ is phonetically similar to the CC transition in Georgian, both in terms of temporal organizations and tongue shape. This confirms the possibility of illusory clusters, which is consistent with the interpretation that Georgian listeners utilize their knowledge of how word-onset CC clusters are temporally implemented in their native language when responding to the task. We propose that the timing pattern may constitute language-specific knowledge and that it can influence the perceptual assimilation patterns in nonnative speech perception.
Preparation and property evaluation of poly(ε-caprolactone)/polylactic acid/perlite biodegradable composite film
Authors: Li Hui , Ma Zhipeng , Song Xiaolei , Li Yonggui , Feng Xinqun , Shiu Bing-Chiuan , Yuan Qian-Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The feasibility of perlite particles used in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composite films by melt blending is explored to improve their mechanical property and analyze their antibacterial effect. The effect of perlite content on the mechanical, thermal, hydrophilic, and antibacterial properties of composite films is investigated. Results show that incorporation of 10 wt% perlite in PCL/PLA film improves the tensile strength and hydrophilicity by 1.2 times and 25 %, respectively. After perlite addition, the melting crystallization and glass transition temperature of PCL/PLA film are improved. The presence of perlite also confers antibacterial benefits to the composite film. PLA-based materials are used in the fields of medical materials and food packaging, and their ability to degrade in seawater has been a long-standing goal. In this study, the addition of PCL and perlite not only increases various properties and antibacterial effects, but the blending of inorganic materials and organic materials can destroy the link strength of polymer chain segments of organic materials and help them degrade in seawater. The prepared composite film features broad prospects for the development and application of various fields, such as food packaging and medical materials, reduce white pollution in the ocean.
Famulatur und Praktisches Jahr am Gesundheitsamt Frankfurt am Main
Authors: Kurjak Tom , Tinnemann Peter , Amberger Olga 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Das Öffentliche Gesundheitswesen ist von einem ärztlichen Fachkräftemangel bedroht, bei Vernachlässigung des Themas im Medizinstudium. Das Gesundheitsamt Frankfurt nimmt im Einsatz und der Qualifizierung von Medizinstudierenden im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst (ÖGD) deutschlandweit eine Pionierstellung ein. Eine systematische Auswertung der Erfahrungen von über 50 Medizinstudierenden innerhalb des Gesundheitsamtes über die letzten 10 Jahre ergab eine sehr positive Gesamtbeurteilung der Ausbildung. Es kann als Best-Practice-Beispiel für die Entwicklung der Ausbildung von Studierenden in der ÖGD-Praxis dienen.
Die Nationale Lenkungsgruppe Impfen – Zusammenarbeit im Impfwesen in föderalen Strukturen
Authors: Ludwig Maria-Sabine , Milbradt Jens , Speiser Sonja , Gottwald Eva , Lechler Laura , Henze Angelika , Stengl Mandy 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Nationale Lenkungsgruppe Impfen (NaLI) ist ein 2016 gegründetes Bund-Länder-Gremium zur Förderung des länderübergreifenden Austausches von Impfaktivitäten und gemeinsamen Konzepten. Über das komplexe Impfwesen und über den aktuellen Stand des Nationalen Impfplans informiert die NaLI auf der Webseite www.nali-impfen.de. Aktuelle Schwerpunkte sind u.a. Stärkung der Wahrnehmung der HPV-Impfung und weiterer Impfungen sowie die Gestaltung der nächsten Nationalen Impfkonferenz 2024 als wichtige Plattform für Entscheidungsträger und Fachöffentlichkeit.
Soziale Arbeit im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst (ÖGD) in Deutschland
Authors: Hollederer Alfons 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Soziale Arbeit stellt im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst (ÖGD) die zweitgrößte Berufsgruppe nach der Ärzteschaft in Deutschland dar. Im Januar 2020 waren 3280 Berufsangehörige der Sozialarbeit/-pädagogik im ÖGD beschäftigt. Das entspricht 16,2% des Personals in Vollzeitäquivalenten. Die Soziale Arbeit nimmt vielfältige Aufgaben in einem weiten Themenspektrum wahr. Die Bedeutung der Sozialen Arbeit werden in Praxis, Forschung und Fachgesellschaften, aber auch bei den aktuellen ÖGD-Reformen unterschätzt.
Risikokommunikation der BZgA mit und für den ÖGD im Infektionsschutz
Authors: Rose Astrid , Seefeld Linda , Rückle Andrea , Bornhofen Bernhard 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag führt aus, warum eine abgestimmte Kommunikation verschiedener Akteure in Krisensituationen im Gesundheitswesen wichtig ist. Anhand von drei Beispielen aus dem Jahr 2022 im Infektionsschutz wird gezeigt, wie die BZgA agil zusammen mit dem Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst agiert hat. Begünstigende Faktoren werden dargestellt.
Kasseler Index für Kindergesundheit als Basis für politische Entscheidungen
Authors: Buchholz Miriam , Metz Martina , Bresler Regine 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Kasseler Index für Kindergesundheit (KIKiG) wurde entwickelt, um ausgewählte Ergebnisse der Schuleingangsuntersuchungen des Gesundheitsamtes Region Kassel vergleichen zu können. Er bezieht Daten zu Impfschutz, Körpergewicht, Sinnesscreening, der körperlichen Untersuchung sowie dem Entwicklungs- und Sprachscreening ein. Die KIKiG-Ergebnisse werden in GEO-Karten nach Stadtteilen und Gemeinden abgebildet. Balkendiagramme bilden eine detailliertere Übersicht der Zusammensetzung der einzelnen Indizes ab.
Die Kindergartenuntersuchung – Beitrag zur gesundheitlichen Chancengleichheit
Authors: Weyers Simone , Götz Simon 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Um die Entwicklung sozioökonomisch benachteiligter Kinder möglichst früh einschätzen und fördern zu können, gewinnen Kindergartenuntersuchungen (KU) an Bedeutung. In den verschiedenen Bundesländern und Kommunen gibt es verschiedene Verfahrensweisen der KU unter Beteiligung von Gesundheits- und Jugendämtern. Da es Hinweise gibt, dass KU eine Lotsenfunktion in das kommunale Hilfesystem erfüllen, sollten sie ausgebaut werden. Dafür braucht es gesetzliche Grundlagen und ausreichendes Fachpersonal.
Experimental research on suppressing unbalanced vibration of rotor by integral squeeze film damper
Authors: Yan Wei , He Lidong , Deng Zhe , Jia Xingyun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As a novel structural damper, the unique structural characteristics of the integral squeeze film damper (ISFD) solve the nonlinear problem of the traditional squeeze film damper (SFD), and it has good linear damping characteristics. In this research, the experimental studies of ISFD vibration reduction performance are carried out for various working conditions of unbalanced rotors. Two ball bearing-rotor system test rigs are built based on ISFD: a rigid rotor test rig and a flexible rotor test rig. When the rotational speed of rigid rotor is 1500 rpm, ISFD can reduce the amplitude of the rotor by 41.79%. Under different unbalance conditions, ISFD can effectively improve the different degrees of unbalanced faults in the rotor system, reduce the amplitude by 43.21%, and reduce the sensitivity of the rotor to unbalance. Under different rotational speed conditions, ISFD can effectively suppress the unbalanced vibration of rigid rotor, and the amplitude can be reduced by 53.51%. In the experiment of the unbalanced response of the flexible rotor, it is found that ISFD can improve the damping of the rotor system, effectively suppress the resonance of the rotor at the critical speed, and the amplitude at the first-order critical speed can be reduced by 31.72%.
Research on a component characteristic adaptive correction method for variable cycle engines
Authors: Lu Sangwei , Zhou Wenxiang , Huang Jinquan , Wang Bo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is inevitably a performance deviation between an engine model and an actual engine that is influenced by unpredictable factors such as the unsuspected environmental conditions and the natural performance degradation in the process of use. Because the engine model precision largely depends on the accuracies of the component maps, it is possible to revise the engine model to determine a better trend for the engine performance from recorded measurements by adjusting the maps. This paper presents a new method for updating the variable geometry component maps of a variable cycle engine (VCE) by using a set of scaling factors estimated with the cubature Kalman filter (CKF). A mapping function is created between the scaling factors and the component characteristic scaling coefficients for the adjustments of the maps. The proposed method is applied to a VCE model according to the VCE benchmark steady-state performance data. The results show that the maximum simulation error of the engine steady-state model decreases from 5.33 to 0.93%, and the CKF-based adaptation method provides a much faster computing rate than the particle swarm optimization (PSO) based adaptation method, which verifies the effectiveness and engineering applicability of the variable geometry characteristic adaptive correction method.
Predicting functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients after endovascular treatment by machine learning
Authors: Liu Zhenxing , Zhang Renwei , Ouyang Keni , Hou Botong , Cai Qi , Xie Yu , Liu Yumin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Endovascular therapy (EVT) was the standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion. Prognosis after EVT is always a major concern. Here, we aimed to explore a predictive model for patients after EVT.

Method
A total of 156 patients were retrospectively enrolled. The primary outcome was functional dependence (defined as a 90-day modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and univariate logistic regression were used to select predictive factors. Various machine learning algorithms, including multivariate logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbors, and decision tree algorithms, were applied to construct prognostic models.

Result
Six predictive factors were selected, namely, age, baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (ASPECT) score, modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), and complications (pulmonary infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, and cardiovascular events). Based on these variables, various models were constructed and showed good discrimination. Finally, a nomogram was constructed by multivariate logistic regression and showed a good performance.

Conclusion
Our nomogram, which was composed of age, baseline NIHSS score, ASPECT score, recanalization status, sICH, and complications, showed a very good performance in predicting outcome after EVT.
Tumor endothelial cell autophagy is a key vascular‐immune checkpoint in melanoma
Authors: Verhoeven Jelle , Jacobs Kathryn A , Rizzollo Francesca , Lodi Francesca , Hua Yichao , Poźniak Joanna , Narayanan Srinivasan Adhithya , Houbaert Diede , Shankar Gautam , More Sanket , Schaaf Marco B , Dubroja Lakic Nikolina , Ganne Maarten , Lamote Jochen , Van Weyenbergh Johan , Boon Louis , Bechter Oliver , Bosisio Francesca , Uchiyama Yasuo , Bertrand Mathieu JM , Marine Jean Christophe , Lambrechts Diether , Bergers Gabriele , Agrawal Madhur , Agostinis Patrizia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTumor endothelial cells (TECs) actively repress inflammatory responses and maintain an immune‐excluded tumor phenotype. However, the molecular mechanisms that sustain TEC‐mediated immunosuppression remain largely elusive. Here, we show that autophagy ablation in TECs boosts antitumor immunity by supporting infiltration and effector function of T‐cells, thereby restricting melanoma growth. In melanoma‐bearing mice, loss of TEC autophagy leads to the transcriptional expression of an immunostimulatory/inflammatory TEC phenotype driven by heightened NF‐kB and STING signaling. In line, single‐cell transcriptomic datasets from melanoma patients disclose an enriched InflammatoryHigh/AutophagyLow TEC phenotype in correlation with clinical responses to immunotherapy, and responders exhibit an increased presence of inflamed vessels interfacing with infiltrating CD8+ T‐cells. Mechanistically, STING‐dependent immunity in TECs is not critical for the immunomodulatory effects of autophagy ablation, since NF‐kB‐driven inflammation remains functional in STING/ATG5 double knockout TECs. Hence, our study identifies autophagy as a principal tumor vascular anti‐inflammatory mechanism dampening melanoma antitumor immunity.
The Argumentative Uses of Emotive Language
Authors: Macagno Fabrizio , Walton Douglas 
Published: November 2023

This paper analyzes selected examples of uses of argumentation tactics that exploit emotive language, many of them criticized as deceptive and even fallacious by classical and recent sources, including current informal logic textbooks. The analysis is based on six argumentation schemes, and an account of the dialectical setting in which these schemes are used. The three conclusions are (1) that such uses of emotive language are often reasonable and necessary in argumentation based on values, (2) but that they are defeasible, and hence need to be seen as open to critical questioning (3) and that when they are used fallaciously, it is because they interfere with critical questioning or conceal the need for it. The analysis furnishes criteria for distinguishing between arguments based on the use of emotive words that are reasonable tools of persuasion, and those that are fallacious tactics used to conceal and distort information.Keywords: Loaded words, redefinitions, euphemisms, persuasion, argumentation
Responsabilização Educacional no Brasil
Authors: Brooke Nigel 
Published: November 2023

Em alguns países desenvolvidos, sistemas de avaliação educacional em larga escala facilitaram a adoção de políticas que responsabilizam as escolas por seus resultados. Mediante o estudo do caso brasileiro, esse artigo propõe oferecer uma resposta preliminar à questão de se, na América Latina, políticas de responsabilização similares estão ou não seguindo a expansão da avaliação educacional. Esse país foi escolhido devido à diversidade e sofisticação de seus procedimentos de avaliação em todos os níveis do sistema educacional. Os poucos sistemas estaduais e municipais de responsabilização que foram identificados são classificados como high-stakes, quando envolvem prêmios ou pagamentos suplementares a professores, ou como low-stakes, no caso de boletins não relacionados a incentivos monetários. Os exemplos high-stakes estudados são os dos estados do Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Ceará e do município de Sobral. Os casos do estado do Paraná e do município de Belo Horizonte são os dois sistemas low-stakes, de boletins, que foram incluídos no estudo. A análise se detém em algumas das falhas técnicas dos programas de responsabilização, na resistência dos sindicatos de professores, no limitado conhecimento e apoio popular para essas políticas, e na possibilidade de mudança representada por novos incentivos do Governo Federal para o melhoramento da educação local.Palabras Chave: Avaliação, Sistema Nacional Educação, Responsabilización Educacional, Brasil. Large-scale systems of educational assessment in some developed countries have facilitated the adoption of accountability policies that ascribe schools with responsibility for their results. The article offers a preliminary answer as to whether accountability policies of this type are also following the expansion of educational assessment in Latin America by looking at the case of Brazil. This country is chosen for the diversity and sophistication of its assessment procedures at all levels of the educational system. The small number of state and municipal accountability systems that can be identified are classified as either high-stakes, when prizes or teacher pay supplements are involved, and low-stakes in the case of report-card systems where no monetary incentives are attached. The high-stakes examples studied are those of the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Ceará and the municipality of Sobral. The cases of Paraná state and the municipality of Belo Horizonte are the two low-stakes, report card systems included in the study. The analysis dwells on some of the technical shortcomings of the accountability programs, the resistance of the teachers unions, the limited popular awareness and support for these policies and the possibility of change in the shape of new Federal Government incentives for local education improvement.Keywords: Evaluation, systems of educational assessment, educational accountability, Brazil.