bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential of Mac‐2‐binding protein glycan isomer as a new therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Yamanaka Takahiro , Araki Kenichiro , Yokobori Takehiko , Muranushi Ryo , Hoshino Kouki , Hagiwara Kei , Gantumur Dolgormaa , Ishii Norihiro , Tsukagoshi Mariko , Watanabe Akira , Harimoto Norifumi , Masamune Atsushi , Uojima Haruki , Mizokami Masashi , Ito Kiyoaki , Shirabe Ken 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is a challenging malignancy to treat. Mac‐2‐binding protein glycan isomer (M2BPGi) is a novel serum marker of liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and is secreted by hepatic stellate and stroma cells. Serum M2BPGi levels are upregulated in PC patients. We measured the expression of M2BPGi in the serum of 27 PC patients and determined whether M2BPGi affects the malignant potential of PC cells in vitro. We also examined the effect of M2BP on PC tumor growth and gemcitabine sensitivity in vivo. Serum M2BPGi levels in PC patients were higher compared with those of healthy subjects. M2BPGi extraction in cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) was higher compared with that of PC cells. M2BPGi treatment promoted the proliferation and invasion of PC cells. The suppression of galectin‐3, which binds to M2BPGi, did not affect the proliferation‐promoting effect of M2BPGi in PC cells. The suppression of M2BP reduced tumor growth and enhanced gemcitabine sensitivity in PC‐bearing xenograft mice. CAF‐derived M2BPGi promotes the proliferation and invasion of PC cells. Targeting M2BPGi may represent a new therapeutic strategy to circumvent refractory PC.
Blueprints from plane to space: outlook of next‐generation three‐dimensional histopathology
Authors: Yoshikawa Akira Leon , Omura Takaki , Takahashi‐Kanemitsu Atsushi , Susaki Etsuo A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHere, we summarize the literature relevant to recent advances in three‐dimensional (3D) histopathology in relation to clinical oncology, highlighting serial sectioning, tissue clearing, light‐sheet microscopy, and digital image analysis with artificial intelligence. We look forward to a future where 3D histopathology expands our understanding of human pathophysiology and improves patient care through cross‐disciplinary collaboration and innovation.
A pilot study of p53 immunohistochemistry in atypical squamous lesions, using a vulvar scoring system
Authors: Niu Na , Roy Simon F. , Ko Christine J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundHistopathologic overlap between cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and its indolent mimics likely leads to the overdiagnosis of cSCC.ObjectiveTo perform a pilot study of the p53 immunohistochemical scoring system developed on vulvar squamous lesions in cSCC.MethodsThe consistency and reliability of p53 immunostaining using a scoring system developed on vulvar cases, as compared with TP53 genomic sequencing, was studied in an initial cohort of 28 cutaneous cases. p53 labeling was further assessed in an additional 63 cases of atypical squamous lesions, including 20 atypical squamous lesions classified by the authors as benign, 22 cases diagnosed as cSCC without high‐risk features, and 21 cases of high‐risk cSCC (cSCC‐HR).ResultsThe concordance of p53 labeling and TP53 sequencing was 82.1%. Four positive patterns of p53 mutation were identified: basal, parabasal/diffuse, null, and cytoplasmic. p53 positivity in atypical, benign squamous lesions (10%) was significantly lower than that of low‐risk cSCC (63.6%, p = 0.0004) or cSCC‐HR (90.5%, p < 0.0001). p53 positivity in low‐risk cSCC versus cSCC‐HR was not statistically significant (p = 0.07).Conclusionp53 Labeling may be a helpful biomarker to support the diagnosis of cSCC and distinguish cSCC from atypical but benign mimics.
Long‐term remission in a patient with relapsed Richter's transformation treated with CD19‐directed chimeric antigen‐receptor T‐cells after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kutsch Nadine , Gödel Philipp , Voltin Conrad‐Amadeus , Hallek Michael , Scheid Christof , Borchmann Peter , Holtick Udo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPatients with Richter's transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL‐RT) face a dismal prognosis. A 51‐year‐old female patient diagnosed with CLL with deletion (17p) in 2009. CLL treatment included chemoimmunotherapy and targeted substances. DLBCL‐RT was diagnosed in November 2016. After receiving an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, she relapsed in September 2019 and tisagenlecleucel was infused in December 2019. Cytokine release syndrome grade 2 was treated with two doses of tocilizumab and the patient was started on 140 mg ibrutinib in February 2020. Our patient remains in remission up to 4 years after CAR T‐cell treatment.
Integrating learning into animal range dynamics under rapid human‐induced environmental change
Authors: Aben Job , Travis Justin M. J. , Van Dyck Hans , Vanwambeke Sophie O. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHuman‐induced rapid environmental change (HIREC) is creating environments deviating considerably from natural habitats in which species evolved. Concurrently, climate warming is pushing species’ climatic envelopes to geographic regions that offer novel ecological conditions. The persistence of species is likely affected by the interplay between the degree of ecological novelty and phenotypic plasticity, which in turn may shape an organism's range‐shifting ability. Current modelling approaches that forecast animal ranges are characterized by a static representation of the relationship between habitat use and fitness, which may bias predictions under conditions imposed by HIREC. We argue that accounting for dynamic species‐resource relationships can increase the ecological realism of range shift predictions. Our rationale builds on the concepts of ecological fitting, the process whereby individuals form successful novel biotic associations based on the suite of traits they carry at the time of encountering the novel condition, and behavioural plasticity, in particular learning. These concepts have revolutionized our view on fitness in novel ecological settings, and the way these processes may influence species ranges under HIREC. We have integrated them into a model of range expansion as a conceptual proof of principle highlighting the potentially substantial role of learning ability in range shifts under HIREC.
Mean reef fish body size decreases towards warmer waters
Authors: Coghlan Amy Rose , Blanchard Julia L. , Wotherspoon Simon , Stuart‐Smith Rick D. , Edgar Graham J. , Barrett Neville , Audzijonyte Asta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAquatic ectotherms often attain smaller body sizes at higher temperatures. By analysing ~15,000 coastal‐reef fish surveys across a 15°C spatial sea surface temperature (SST) gradient, we found that the mean length of fish in communities decreased by ~5% for each 1°C temperature increase across space, or 50% decrease in mean length from 14 to 29°C mean annual SST. Community mean body size change was driven by differential temperature responses within trophic groups and temperature‐driven change in their relative abundance. Herbivores, invertivores and planktivores became smaller on average in warmer temperatures, but no trend was found in piscivores. Nearly 25% of the temperature‐related community mean size trend was attributable to trophic composition at the warmest sites, but at colder temperatures, this was <1% due to trophic groups being similarly sized. Our findings suggest that small changes in temperature are associated with large changes in fish community composition and body sizes, with important ecological implications.
The role of fish predators and their foraging traits in shaping zooplankton community structure
Authors: Moosmann Marvin , Greenway Ryan , Oester Rebecca , Matthews Blake 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDifferentiation of foraging traits among predator populations may help explain observed variation in the structure of prey communities. However, few studies have investigated the phenotypic effects of predators on their prey in natural communities. Here, we use a comparative analysis of 78 Greenlandic lakes to examine how foraging trait variation among threespine stickleback populations can help explain variation in zooplankton community composition among lakes. We find that landscape‐scale variation in zooplankton composition was jointly explained by lake properties, such as size and water chemistry, and the presence and absence of both stickleback and arctic char. Additional variation in zooplankton community structure can be explained by stickleback jaw protrusion, a trait with known utility for foraging on zooplankton, but only in lakes where stickleback co‐occur with arctic char. Overall, our results illustrate how trait variation of predators, alongside other ecosystem properties, can influence the composition of prey communities in nature.
Preventing and mitigating risks of rumours during major pandemics in the era of artificial intelligence: A perspective on vulnerability
Authors: Kong Yuhuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe sudden outbreak of a major pandemic often leads to the widespread dissemination of rumours related to the event. The public serves as both disseminators and regulators of rumours. Enhancing the public's capability to defend against rumours and strengthening their resilience are crucial for turning the tide of the pandemic. This study focuses on the rumours surrounding the COVID‐19 event and explores their impact on public vulnerability. Researching rumours during the pandemic reveals that in the era of artificial intelligence, the public's information needs, scepticism towards government resilience, and distrust in social relationships can deepen vulnerability, resulting in a proliferation of rumours. Therefore, it is proposed that governments should utilize new technologies, break away from traditional governance systems, and construct a rumour resolution system focusing on demand‐oriented approaches, employing artificial intelligence techniques, and precision repairing of social trust. This approach aims to reduce public vulnerability during significant pandemics and enhance the government's capabilities in rumour prevention and emergency management.
Housing discrimination in Mississippi, the last 20 years
Authors: Green Leslie E. , Havis Briahna N. , Lee Sung‐Jin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHousing discrimination persists decades after the Fair Housing Act was passed in 1968. Limited qualitative research exists that examines the experience of victims. This qualitative study used data from newspapers that reported housing discrimination in Mississippi from 1998 to 2018 to examine the experience of victims. Content analysis was used to assess the sociodemographic characteristics of victims and the penalties awarded to perpetrators. Inductive thematic analysis was used to assess victims' perspectives and thoughts on their experience and included four themes: “it's never about money,” “inflict pain,” “racism is still a problem,” and knowledge.
Latinx grandparents' child feeding practices and interaction with parents
Authors: Xie Hui , Lopez Aylin , Henderson Melissa C. , Hernandez Naty , Besnilian Annette 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite Latinx grandparents' substantial involvement in child rearing, there is limited understanding of their child feeding practices. A survey examined 80 Latinx mothers' perception of Latinx grandparents' feeding practices and interaction with parents. Results showed grandparents engaged in positive feeding somewhat frequently and negative feeding somewhat infrequently. Mother–grandparent disagreement and grandparent–parent(s) communication on child feeding occurred at a moderate level of frequency. Mother–grandparent disagreement was associated with higher frequency of grandparents' negative feeding, while grandparent–parent(s) communication was associated with higher frequency of positive feeding by grandparents. Finally, grandparents' behaviors and practices varied depending on characteristics of grandparents, mothers, and children.
China's subtropical deciduous plants are more sensitive to climate change than evergreen plants by flowering phenology
Authors: Li Hong‐Li , Ali Arshad , Luo Xu , Liao Ke , Sun Nan , Xu Ming‐Shan , Sha Long‐Bin , He Dong , Du Yan‐Jun , Sun Wei‐Wei , Yang Xiao‐Dong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe ongoing climate change‐induced shifts in flowering phenology have emerged as a consequential force impacting biodiversity and ecosystems. Despite the globally recognized significance of flowering phenology as a key reproductive attribute, studies in subtropical regions have been relatively fewer, particularly in comparison to temperate and cold regions. Additionally, the nuanced response of deciduous and evergreen plants to climate change remains insufficiently explored. In addressing this gap, we built a phenological model and a generalized linear mixed effect model to assess the differential responses of key flowering phenological traits, that is, first flowering date (FFD), peak flowering date (PFD), end of flowering date (EFD), and flowering duration (FD), to climate factors (temperature and precipitation) between deciduous and evergreen plants. We observed distinct responses in flowering phenological traits to climate change between deciduous and evergreen plants. Specifically, the advancement of FFD, PFD, and EFD in deciduous in response to temperature rise exceeded that in evergreen plants. FD in evergreen plants exhibited a stronger extension to temperature increase compared to deciduous. Conversely, the phenological change of evergreen plants in response to decreasing precipitation was greater than that of deciduous ones. Since temperature is a decisive climatic factor in affecting phenological changes, climate change‐induced advances in flowering phenology of deciduous plants are still larger than evergreen plants. Projections from our phenological model under future climate scenarios (SSP 1‐2.6 and SSP 5‐8.5) indicate a continuous enlargement of difference in flowering phenology between deciduous and evergreen plants, with this trend escalating into the future (2100>2070>2050>2030). The larger extension in FD of evergreens to climate change suggests a potential increase in their proportion within subtropical forest communities relative to deciduous plants. These insights contribute significantly to our understanding of the intricate dynamics of climate‐induced changes in subtropical plant ecosystems.
Seed quality under elevated CO2 differs in soybean cultivars with contrasting yield responses
Authors: Digrado Anthony , Montes Christopher M. , Baxter Ivan , Ainsworth Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReduced grain and seed nutrient content in crops grown under elevated CO2 concentrations (eCO2) have raised concerns about future food security. Studies have reported that different seed elements responded differently to eCO2. Additionally, the nutrient response to eCO2 varied across species and cultivars. This study investigated the response of seed quality in two soybean cultivars (HS93‐4118 and Loda) previously shown to have different yield responses to eCO2. We show that seed quality responded differently to eCO2 for the two cultivars and that elements were differentially impacted. The strongest declines under eCO2 were observed for Al, Ca, Fe, and Se while P and Mn were unaffected. Seed protein content increased under eCO2 for the two cultivars. Oil content, however, showed a negative relationship with yield and declined under eCO2. Using path analysis, we show that eCO2 reduced the seed content for some elements through increasing seed yield, effectively diluting the elemental concentrations, while other elements were reduced in a yield‐independent manner. Despite the decline in the seed concentration for some elements, the overall yield per hectare of elements, protein, and oil under eCO2 increased because of greater seed yield. We quantified the economic impact of altered seed composition and show that the decline in oil content with increasing soybean yield at eCO2 could adversely impact profits.
Extensive woody encroachment altering Angolan miombo woodlands despite cropland expansion and frequent fires
Authors: Loft Ty , Stevens Nicola , Gonçalves Francisco Maiato Pedro , Oliveras Menor Imma 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWoody encroachment (WE) and agricultural expansion are widespread in tropical savannas, where they threaten biodiversity and ecosystem function. In Africa's largest savanna, the miombo woodlands, cropland expansion is expected to cause extensive habitat loss over the next 30 years. Meanwhile, widespread WE is altering the remaining untransformed vegetation. Quantifying the extent of both processes in the Angolan miombo woodlands (~570,000 km2) has been challenging due to limited infrastructure, a history of conflict, and widespread landmines. Here, we analyze spectral satellite imagery to investigate the extent of WE and cropland expansion in the Angolan miombo woodlands since 1990. We asses WE using two complementary metrics: multi‐decade canopy greenness trends and conversion from grassland to woodland. We also examine whether WE trends are driven by landscape fragmentation and decreasing fire frequency. We found that from 1990 to 2020, 34.1% of the Angolan miombo woodlands experienced significant WE or was converted to cropland, while open grassy vegetation declined by 62%. WE advanced rapidly even in areas experiencing extraordinarily high burn frequencies and was not adequately explained by changing temperature or precipitation. WE was concentrated far from the agricultural frontier, in remote areas with low population densities. These results challenge the hypothesis that human‐altered fire regimes are the primary driver of WE in mesic savannas. The results will help decision‐makers conserve the miombo woodlands' biodiversity and ecosystem services, by highlighting that strategies to slow habitat loss must address WE and cropland expansion together.
Soil properties shape the heterogeneity of denitrification and N2O emissions across large‐scale flooded paddy soils
Authors: Tang Yijia , Su Xiaoxuan , Wen Teng , McBratney Alex B. , Zhou Shuyidan , Huang Fuyi , Zhu Yong‐guan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFlooded paddy soils after rewetting dry soils accompanied by extensive nitrogen fertilizer input are important anthropogenic N2O emitters due to the denitrification process. Owing to multiple complex denitrifying N2O sources, however, the extent to which biotic (fungal or bacterial) and abiotic (chemical) denitrification contribute to total N2O emissions remains largely unquantified. Here we sampled across eight provinces where most of the flooded paddy soils were in China to explore microbial and abiotic denitrification potentials and decipher N2O dynamics. N2O isotopocules and site preference (δ15NSP) analyses found that in most of the sampled paddy soils, fungi‐mediated denitrification was the largest N2O contributor (51%–63%); while bacterial and chemical denitrifications contributed 12%–31% and 12%–28% of N2O emissions, respectively. Further, using 15N labeling, a significant spatial heterogeneity of denitrification performance was observed among these flooded paddy soils. As indicated by variance partitioning and regression analyses, this heterogeneity was mainly determined by soil properties (especially soil organic carbon and total nitrogen) rather than by denitrifying communities. Our findings provide insights into the establishment of predictive models of future N2O emission from global paddy soils considering both the biotic and abiotic contributions.
Spillover effects of fiscal decentralization on access to basic social services in Burkina Faso
Authors: Zallé Oumarou , Bakouan Pousseni 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper delves into the spillover effects of fiscal decentralization on access to essential social services within communes in Burkina Faso. It employs a Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model that comprehensively incorporates temporal dynamics, spatial interdependence concerning the dependent variable, and spatial interdependence concerning exogenous variables. The analysis covers 280 municipalities, which represents 80% of the municipalities in Burkina Faso, over the period 2011–2020. The findings substantiate the presence of spillover effects stemming from fiscal decentralization on the availability of fundamental social services. However, the nature of these spatial effects hinges on the particular type of fiscal resources and local public goods under consideration. Notably, both capital expenditures and decentralized cooperation resources yield short‐term and long‐term direct as well as indirect enhancements to the quality of education and accessibility to potable water. On the other hand, self‐generated revenue and operational grants augment water accessibility but bear no impact on educational quality. The outcomes put forth imply that municipal councils should concurrently bolster resource mobilization by fortifying decentralized cooperation and widening the tax base. Simultaneously, the introduction of flexible tax payment mechanisms is advisable.
Overview of State Approaches to Vapor Intrusion: 2023 Update
Authors: Eklund Bart , Regan Catherine , Rago Rich , Beckley Lila 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSite owners, regulators, and consultants now have decades of experience with vapor intrusion (VI), but guidance for the evaluation of VI continues to vary significantly among states. For those with sites in different regulatory jurisdictions, one challenge is addressing how the requirements or expectations for VI investigation and mitigation differ from one jurisdiction to the next. The overall lack of consensus can make it difficult to manage sites in a consistent manner between jurisdictions. This paper takes into account VI guidance, petroleum hydrocarbon‐specific VI guidance, and/or media‐specific volatilization criteria found in broader regulatory programs. This is an update of the author's previous reviews published in 2007, 2012, and 2018. Since our most recent update, 30 states have revised their guidance, issued new guidance or updated criteria or other VI‐related information. For each State and the District of Columbia, the review includes tabulations of the available types of screening values (e.g., soil, groundwater, soil gas, and indoor air), the screening values for selected chemicals that commonly drive VI investigations (e.g., trichloroethylene [TCE], tetrachloroethylene [PCE], benzene, and other selected volatile organic compounds [VOCs]), and the basis of risk levels used for cancer and non‐cancer risk. Federal values are also included for comparison. In addition, we summarize available key policy criteria for each state including: trigger distances, default subsurface to indoor air attenuation factors, policies for evaluation of petroleum VI, strategies for preferential pathways, and policies for mitigation of VI. The details presented in this paper provide a useful technical reference and regulatory summary for practitioners and the regulated community nationwide.