bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symbiosis And Coevolution
Authors: Paracer Surindar , Ahmadjian Vernon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although Darwin’s theory of organic evolution has provided an intellectual framework for understanding the processes of speciation and the unity of life forms, the theory has never fully satisfied evolutionary biologists. In Darwin’s view, evolution is the descent, with modification, of different lineages from common ancestors. Population genetics, natural selection in gene pools, adaptation, and isolating mechanisms have traditionally been considered by many biologists as significant factors in the evolutionary process. Evolutionary ideas are now being refashioned in the language of punctuated equilibria, genetic polymorphism, molecular evolution, and sexual selection. To this list of new approaches, one can add the concepts of coevolution and symbiosis. Evolutionary ecologists are convinced that evolutionary processes cannot be understood fully until the close interactions between organisms are examined. Indeed, the term symbiogenesis was introduced by Mereschkovsky in 1920 to recognize a process whereby new species arise as a result of symbiotic interactions between different organisms (Margulis 1991a, 1993a, b; Khakhina, 1992).
Introduction: Crossing Over
Authors: Meisel Perry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On April 13, 1882, Oscar Wilde, dressed in a green overcoat and black slouch hat, climbed into a large bucket and was lowered down a mine shaft in Leadville, Colorado. Wilde was on the Western swing of an American lecture tour that had begun in New York some four months earlier. As Richard Ellmann tells us in his biography, Wilde was more impressed with the miners and the cowboys than he was with much of the company he had been forced to endure earlier in his trip. “They were polished and refined compared with the people I met in larger cities farther East,” said Wilde. “There is no chance for roughness. The revolver,” he drawled, “is their book of etiquette” (1988, 204). At the bottom of the mine, high and deep in the Rocky Mountains, Wilde discovered that two ceremonies had been prepared in his honor. The first involved drinking whiskey for dinner. The second required him to use a drill to open a new shaft in the mine, a shaft that the Silver King, Leadville’s mayor, R. A. W. Tabor, had named “The Oscar” as a proleptic Hollywood tribute to the aesthetic visitor from England. Afterward, the assembled company went off to a casino, where there was music.
The Body English
Authors: Meisel Perry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The British Invasion-the blitz of British rock and roll bands on American radio from 1964 to 1966-well exemplifies the dynamics of exchange that define rock and roll as a form, whether before or after the emergence of a white rock and roll supposedly distinct from an African-American one despite common roots, however revised, in the same rhythm and blues tradition. As a trope, the British Invasion is a metalepsis, rendering the late early and the early late. Those once defeated by those they once colonized could, as it were, now point to these onetime revolutionaries and condemn them as colonizers in their own right. The British Invasion represents no less than the return of the American repressed-Afro-America. The Rolling Stones’ “Paint It Black” (1966) is a summary emblem for its fundamental concerns. We should remember, too, that British rock is working class in social origin and, in the case of the Mersey sound, also provincial. Here in fact dandy England bonds directly with black urbanity to cool off and rearticulate the American country cowboy, including the cowboy’s relation to black American culture. The paisley the British brought to the clothing styles associated with rock and roll in the Sixties is a fair metaphor for Pater’s psychedelic sublime, the supplement the cowboy needed to see that the world’s boundaries were fluxional fictions, ideologically constructed. Here all things mix and collide in a performance of its principles-boots and scarves, jeans and long hair; class, gender, ethnicity.
Syndromes Affecting Bone: The Osteogenesis Imperfectas
Authors: Gorlin Robert J , Cohen M Michael , Hennekam Raoul C M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a heterogeneous group of heritable disorders of type I collagen metabolism characterized by bone fragility. Associated features in some affected individuals include blue sclerae, opalescent teeth with characteristic radiologic features, hearing loss, deformity of long bones and spine, and joint hyperextensibility. The first reported case was probably an Egyptian, whose remains, dating from 1000 BCE, are in the British Museum (81). Credit is usually given to Ekman (65) for performing the first comprehensive study of the syndrome in 1978 and discussing its inheritance. In the early nineteenth century, Lobstein (111) and Vrolik (207) described the disease in the adult and the newborn, respectively. Spurway (177) and Eddowes (63) described blue sclerae, and in the early 1900s, Van der Hoeve and de Kleijn (200) mentioned deafness as part of the syndrome. Preiswerk (153) may have been the first to describe the dental abnormalities. The basis for the current clinical classification is the study by Sillence et al (169). A monograph on the disorder has been written by Smith et al (175).
Orofacial Clefting Syndromes: Common and Well-Known Syndromes
Authors: Gorlin Robert J , Cohen M Michael , Hennekam Raoul C M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The syndrome originally described by Smith et al (28), in 1966, consists of both intrauterine and postnatal growth disturbance, cerebral maldevelopment or malfunction, bell-shaped thorax, variable rib-gap defects, respiratory distress, cleft palate, and micrognathia. Although approximately 55 cases have been reported, it is possible that the correct diagnosis of other examples may not have been made because of failure to perform autopsy or to take a radiograph of the chest.
Orofacial Clefting Syndromes: Other Syndromes
Authors: Gorlin Robert J , Cohen M Michael , Hennekam Raoul C M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Aase and Smith (1) in 1968 and Patton et al (3) in 1985 reported two generation inheritance of hydrocephalus, severe contractures of joints, dysmorphic pinnae, and cleft palate (Fig. 22–1). In each case, the parent was less severely affected (Fig. 22–2).
Syndromes with Unusual Dental Findings
Authors: Gorlin Robert J , Cohen M Michael , Hennekam Raoul C M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Marashi and Gorlin (5,6), in 1990 and 1992, described three examples of binary combination of congenital cataracts and canine radiculomegaly. They cited an earlier example of Hayward (3) in which canine radiculomegaly, delayed dentition, persistent primary teeth, oligodontia, and congenital cataracts were found in an 18-year-old female. Wilkie et al (11) reported a mother and daughter with congenital cataract, microphthalmia, and septal heart defect, suggesting that this combination represented a new syndrome. Gorlin et al (2) employed the name oculo-facio-cardiodental syndrome. About a dozen examples have been described to date (1–11).
Rhetoric and Scientific Controversies
Authors: Pera Marcello 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Sins of the Fathers and the Regrets of the Sons The philosopher-scientists who gave rise to modern science, let us call them the Founding Fathers or, for short, the Fathers, were deeply attached to the idea that science is uncontroversial. This is not because in science there are no controversies, which, especially for those who were struggling against Scholastic doctrines, it would have been ironic to maintain, but because in science there are ways of solving conflicts of opinion definitively.
The Theory of Punctuated Equilibria: Taking Apart a Scientific Controversy
Authors: Ruse Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, I look at a controversy that has raged in recent evolutionary biology: that which arose in paleontology about the so-called theory of “punctuated equilibria.” My story begins in the 1960s with two young would-be paleontologists, Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould, in graduate school at Columbia University in New York City. Students of evolution’s history will know that these were the full summer days of neo
The Process of Writing Growing
Authors: Elbow Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Most people’s relationship to the process of writing is one of helplessness. First, they can’t write satisfactorily or even at all. Worse yet, their efforts to improve don’t seem to help. It always seems that the amount of effort and energy put into a piece of writing has no relation to the results. People without education say, ‘‘If only I had education I could write.’’ People with education say, ‘‘If only I had talent I could write.’’ People with education and talent say, ‘‘If only I had self-discipline I could write.’’ People with education, talent, and self-discipline-and there are plenty of them who can’t write-say, ‘‘If only ... ‘‘ and don’t know what to say next. Yet some people who aren’t educated, self-disciplined, smart, imaginative, witty (or even verbal, some of them) nevertheless have this peculiar quality most of us lack: when they want to say something or figure something out they can get their thoughts onto paper in a readable form.
Freewriting
Authors: Elbow Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Freewriting is the easiest way to get words on paper and the best all-around practice in writing that I know. To do a freewriting exercise, simply force yourself to write without stopping for ten minutes. Sometimes you will produce good writing, but that’s not the goal. Sometimes you will produce garbage, but that’s not the goal either. You may stay on one topic, you may flip repeatedly from one to another: it doesn’t matter. Sometimes you will produce a good record of your stream of consciousness, but often you can’t keep up. Speed is not the goal, though sometimes the process revs you up. If you can’t think of anything to write, write about how that feels or repeat over and over “I have nothing to write” or “Nonsense” or “No.” If you get stuck in the middle of a sentence or thought, just repeat the last word or phrase till something comes along. The only point is to keep writing.
The Loop Writing Process
Authors: Elbow Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I’ve described the two ends of the spectrum of writing processes. One extreme is the dangerous method of painstaking writing where you figure out your meaning entirely before you start and thereby maintain complete control while you write. (Not quite so far in that direction is the direct writing process where, by and large, you maintain control of where you are going.) The other extreme is the open-ended process where you let the writing steer itself and let yourself be ignorant of where you might end up. The dangerous method may save you time and perplexity but it often gets you in trouble or leads to dull thinking. Open-ended writing maximizes growth in yourself and new thinking on paper but you pay the obvious price in time, energy, and uncertainty.
Other People
Authors: Elbow Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The question is this. Do other people help you or hinder you in your writing? The answer, not surprisingly, is mixed: sometimes they help and sometimes they hinder. But it’s worth working out the answer in some detail because it turns out you can do something about it when an audience hinders your writing. A mother with her toddler chats with a friend in the parking lot outside Safeway. The child wanders back and forth as far as he can without letting go his grasp of his mother’s middle finger, sometimes babbling to himself and sometimes even to his mother and her friend. But he knows they aren’t listening, he doesn’t expect an answer. He also takes a kind of pleasure in half listening to their talk even though he doesn’t understand lots of what they say. Sometimes he comes closer and stares up at the friend’s face. In short, the child and the friend could be said to be paying half attention to each other. Then the friend squats down and pays full attention to the child: “How are you? Did you get a cookie in the store?” and the child slides around and hides his face behind his mother’s leg. This is not a scary or unknown person. The child has often played with him and will do so again. But his first reaction to full attention is to hide.
Writing for Teachers
Authors: Elbow Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Teachers are one of the trickiest audiences of all, yet they also illustrate the paradox that audiences sometimes help you and sometimes get in your way. I think I got much of my original deep feeling for writing because of one of my high school teachers, Bob Fisher. He took me seriously. He wanted me to write. He asked me to write about things that were important to me. He opened me out. He assumed that I could write creatively in ways I never would have thought of, and I could. He assumed I would be deeply interested in topics I had never thought of, and I was. With him as a teacher I came to like writing, to look forward to it, to feel I was doing something important when I put words on paper.
Responses of French Composers to the Traditionalist Victory in Politics and Music
Authors: Fulcher Jane F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As discussed in chapter 3, in the decade before World War I political ideology and musical values were no longer discrete: the two realms had fused. In chapter 4 I examine the implications of this fusion as the war loomed ominously ahead, and French nationalists and conservatives banded together, achieving hegemony in both politics and culture. Musical life was profoundly to feel the impact of this dual dominance, particularly in the areas of the repertoire and canon, as well as in criticism and music history; moreover, the major French composers were henceforth expected to respond in their art to increasingly traditionalist expectations, the general desire to seek “roots” in the past.
The Structures of Liquid Yttrium and Aluminum Oxides
Authors: Ansell Stuart , Krishnan Shankar , David L Price 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is considerable interest in developing high-strength ceramic materials capable of withstanding high temperatures with good oxidation and corrosion resistance for different applications. Several candidate ceramic materials to fulfil these needs include Al2O3, ZrO2, Y2O3, and binary mixtures of these oxides. Thus, their high temperature properties, including the properties of the liquid phases, are of considerable importance. The interest in the structure of liquid yttrium and aluminum oxides arises from the fact that yttrium and aluminum oxide binary mixture produce some rather unusual intermediate phases such as yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG), yttriumaluminum perovskite (YAP) and yttrium-aluminum monoclinic (YAM).
Creep Damage Processes In Structural Ceramics: Experimental Studies and Their Implications For Computational Modeling
Authors: Page Richard A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At elevated temperatures, failure of ceramics often occurs by the time-dependent accumulation of creep damage in the form of grain-boundary cavities. Factors such as temperature, stress and microstructure determine the mechanism by which creep damage accumulates. Relatively low stresses and long exposure times generally favor the development of bulk damage, while high stresses and short exposure times favor the development of localized damage. Microstructure also plays a critical role in determining the dominant damage mechanism [I].
Effect of Small Aluminum Additions on Mechanical, Elastic and Structural Properties of Monocrystalline C11b Mosi2
Authors: Peralta P , Chu F , Maloy S A , Santiago P , Petrovic J J , Mitchell T E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) is a promising material for high temperature structural applications due to its good oxidation resistance, low density compared to nickel-based superalloys and high specific stiffness [1]. These advantages are hindered by its poor low temperature fracture toughness, which in polycrystals deteriorates with increasing temperature due to the presence of glassy silica in the grain boundaries that produces intergranular fracture [1].
Coarsening of Directionally-Solidified Eutectic Microstructures
Authors: Ardell Alan J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The microstructures produced by the directional solidification of alloys of eutectic or near-eutectic composition are quite varied, often consisting of alternating lamellae of two phases or rods of the minor phase embedded in a continuous matrix. They are therefore “natural” composites insofar as the phases in the microstructure are thermodynamically compatible. The sizes of the rod (or fiber) and lamellar morphologies are dictated by the solidification rate, and it is sometimes possible to prepare microstructures in which the characteristic length scales (interlamellar thicknesses and spacings, rod diameters etc.) are quite small. High-temperature strength is generally better the finer the scale of the microstructure.
Fingering Instability in Dislocation Motion
Authors: Selinger Robin L B , Li Ming 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The vibrations of dislocations have been modeled as low-amplitude vibrations of damped elastic strings since the 1950’s [l]. The parameters describing the low amplitude oscillations include the wave speed c, the mass per unit length m, and the damping coefficient y. While the stored energy of a curved elastic string is concentrated in the string’s interior, the stored energy of a curved dislocation line is almost all stored in the long-range elastic strain field exterior to the dislocation core, and can be estimated using the laws of continuum elasticity. And while the mass of a string is obviously located in its interior, the mass per unit length of a dislocation is also mostly outside the core; it is a measure of the mass in the surrounding crystal that is displaced when the dislocation moves.
Computer Simulation of Microstructural Evolution Under External Stresses
Authors: Li D Y , Chen L Q 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Coherent microstructures and their stability are influenced by both external and internal stresses. During thermo-mechanical processes such as constrained aging, external stresses are applied to modify microstructures for improved performance. This article summarizes our recent computational studies on microstructural evolution under applied stresses or strains, using a diffuse-interface phase-field approach. The coupling between an applied stress and the transformation strain in a coherent twophase microstructure and its variation with different constraints are discussed.
Neutron-Scattering Studies of Nitride, Oxide, and Phosphate Ceramics and Their Relationship with Molecular-Dynamics Simulations of HighTemperature Properties
Authors: Loong C -K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At room temperature the tensile strength of typical steels varies from 1 to 1.4 GPa, which is two to three times of the flexure strength of the toughest sintered ceramics like silicon nitride or silicon carbide. Therefore, there is little incentive to develop strong ceramic materials for applications under ambient conditions. However, at l 100°C metals soften and become useless, yet the strength of ceramics is essentially unchanged. Moreover, at high temperatures ceramics in general have higher hardness, lower density, lower thermal expansion, and better corrosion and oxidation resistance than metals.
Fundamental Studies of Surfaces and Interfaces at High Temperature Via Microdesigned Interfaces
Authors: Powers James D , Kitayama Mikito , Glaeser Andreas M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At elevated temperatures, the microscopic structure of the compact, and thus, of the pore network, changes. Solid-solid interfaces (grain boundaries) develop at interparticle contact points. Concurrently, the specific surface area changes. Voids (pores) can either change shape or be eliminated. If a porous end product suitable for filtering, sensor, or catalytic applications is desired, then it is essential that pore network connectivity be maintained, and that the proper geometric characteristics, e.g., pore channel size and size distribution, are retained or developed. If the application demands a dense product with controlled grain size, then it is essential that localized closure of the pore network occurs, the isolated pores shrink, the compact density increases, and that grain boundary migration is controlled.
Structure and Dynamics of Consolidation and Fracture in Nanophase Ceramics Via Parallel Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Tsuruta Kenji , Wang Jinghan , Omeltchenko Andrey , Nakano Aiichiro , Kalia Rajiv K , Vashishta Priya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Materials with extremely fine microstructures, the so called nanophase materials [1, 2], have gained a great deal of attention because of their remarkable physical properties [3-5]: Nanophase metals can possess much higher yield strength and nanophase ceramics can be much more ductile than conventional metals and ceramics with coarse-grained microstructures. It has been speculated that the unusual intergranular structure plays an essential role in determining such unique properties of nanophase materials. Only little quantitative understanding has been obtained for the sintering mechanism, the structure and vibrational properties in the intercluster boundaries, and their influence on mechanical behavior of nanophase materials.
Structural Correlations in Amorphous Sio2 at High Pressures
Authors: Rino(*) Jose P , Nakano Aiichiro , Kalia Rajiv K , Vashishta Priya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Silica has been the subject of intense study for more than a century. The interest in this material is due to its richness in polymorphism, its abundance in geophysical systems, and its application in materials technology [1-3]. This paper focuses on the structure of amorphous silica under pressure. Under ambient conditions, the structure of silica glass can be described in terms of short-range order (SRO) and intermediate range order (IRO) [4-8]. The IRO is manifested as a first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) in the static structure factor [4-6].
Cantata 21, “Ich hatte viel Bekümmernis”
Authors: Chafe Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
ONE OF THE WAYS IN WHICH MANY individual Bach cantatas mirror the pattern of traditional hermeneutics is their ending, like the liturgical year itself, with emphasis on the anticipation of eternity (i.e., the eschatological perspective). In such works eternity represents the goal of faith, the believer’s overcoming all ties to the world. Since, in this perspective, “the world” constitutes the principal obstacle to faith, a common design for many cantatas is that of a progression from tribulation to Trost, from faith “in opposition to experience” to faith “realized in experience:’1 The Bach cantata that most exhibits this character and that can therefore be considered a quintessential representation of the inner dynamic of faith is the Weimar cantata “Ich hatte viel Bekümmernis” (BWV 21), which was performed for the first time that we know of on the third Sunday after Trinity, 1714.