bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injectable microcarrier‐hydrogel composite for dental stem cell delivery and tissue regeneration
Authors: Soh Yu Jie , Lin Ruby Yu‐Tong , Sriram Gopu , Toh Wei Seong , Yu Victoria Soo Hoon , Dubey Nileshkumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConventional methods of stem cell therapy for tissue regeneration often face challenges, such as poor cell viability and integration posttransplantation. To address this, we proposed transplanting cells within synthetic microenvironments that maintain viability, cell phenotype, support extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion, and promote differentiation to enhance the regeneration of damaged host tissue. This hypothesis was tested in dental tissue regeneration using dental pulp stem cell‐laden microcarriers (MCs) mixed in a gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel as a delivery system. The combination of MCs and GelMA exhibited similar physical properties and favorable biological properties compared to GelMA alone. Specifically, cell‐laden MC mixed into GelMA enhanced cell proliferation and ECM secretion and maintained a normal phenotype. Notably, MC‐modified GelMA amplified odontogenic differentiation, mineralization, and vascular endothelial growth factor release. Moreover, the storage of MC‐modified GelMA showed no detrimental effects on its injection force, cell viability, and mineralization potential, which demonstrates that the composite hydrogel is a promising injectable vehicle for therapeutic stem cell delivery. This strategy may be broadly applied to various tissues and organ systems, in which the provision and instruction of a cell population to participate in regeneration may be clinically useful.
Full‐duplex jamming for physical layer security improvement in NOMA‐enabled overlay cognitive radio networks
Authors: Hema P. P. , Babu A. V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze the physical layer security (PLS) performance of nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA)‐enabled overlay cognitive radio networks (NOMA‐OCRNs) in the presence of an external passive eavesdropper. Here PLS is expressed in terms of the secrecy outage probabilities (SOPs) experienced by the primary user (PU) and secondary user (SU). We obtain approximate expressions for the SOPs of both PU as well as SU assuming a jamming‐free environment, where both primary and secondary destination nodes are half‐duplex devices. To improve the SOP performance, we propose a jamming‐assisted framework, where full‐duplex destination nodes are employed, which are capable of transmitting jamming signals to confound the eavesdropper. Approximate expressions for the SOPs of PU and SU are derived for the jamming‐assisted framework as well. It is demonstrated that the proposed jamming‐assisted framework significantly reduces the SOPs compared to the jamming‐free scenario. We also determine optimal power allocation coefficients (OPACs) for PU and SU at the secondary transmitter that maximizes the total secrecy throughput of the jamming‐assisted NOMA‐OCRN with FD destinations. It is shown that the suggested OPAC significantly enhances the total secrecy throughput, compared to the default selection of the PAC.
Picking Two out of Three: Defluorinative Annulation of Trifluoromethyl Alkenes for the Synthesis of Monofluorinated Carbo‐ and Heterocycles
Authors: Ling Jiahao , Zhou Lei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe increasing demand of organofluorine compounds in medicine, agriculture, and materials sciences makes sophisticated methods for their synthesis ever more necessary. Nowadays, not only the C−F bond formation but also the selective C−F bond cleavage of readily available poly‐ or perfluorine‐containing compounds have become powerful tools for the effective synthesis of organofluorine compounds. The defluorinative cross‐coupling of trifluoromethyl alkenes with various nucleophiles or radical precursors in an SN2’ manner is a convergent route to access gem‐difluoroalkenes, which in turn react with nucleophiles or radical precursors via an SNV‐type reaction. If the SNV reactions occur intramolecularly, the dual C−F bond cleavage of trifluoromethyl alkenes allows facile assembly of monofluorinated cyclic skeletons with structural complexity and diversity. In this personal account, we summarized the advances in this field on the basis of coupling and cyclization partners, including binucleophiles, alkynes, diradical precursors and radical precursors bearing a nucleophilic site. Accordingly, the annulation reactions can be achieved by base‐mediated sequential SN2′/SNV reactions, transition metal catalyzed or mediated reactions, photoredox catalysis, and the combination of photocatalytic reactions with SNV reaction. In the context of seminal works of others in this field, a concise summary of the contributions of the authors is also offered.
Metformin and chidamide synergistically suppress multiple myeloma progression and enhance lenalidomide/bortezomib sensitivity
Authors: Mao Jianping , Chen Ran , Xue Lianguo , Zhu Yuanxin , Zhao Lidong , Wang Juan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy, and patients with MM are recommended to take immunomodulatory drugs such as lenalidomide along with proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib to extend survival. However, drug resistance influences the efficacy of treatment for MM. In our study, we found that metformin and chidamide both suppressed MM cell growth in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent way (p < .001). Moreover, combined therapy with metformin and chidamide exhibited enhanced inhibition of the growth of MM cells compared with monotherapy (p < .05). Additionally, the triple‐drug combination of metformin and chidamide with lenalidomide or bortezomib was used to stimulate the MM cells, and the results revealed that metformin and chidamide treatment sensitized MM cells to lenalidomide and bortezomib. As a result, the apoptosis (p < .001) together with cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase (p < .05) was stimulated by lenalidomide and bortezomib, and showed significant elevation in the triple‐drug combination group compared with the lenalidomide or bortezomib treatment alone group (p < .05). Furthermore, the impacts of different drugs on glycolysis in MM cells were examined. We found that metformin and chidamide combined treatment significantly promoted glucose uptake and reduced energy production in MM cells treated with lenalidomide and bortezomib (p < .001), suggesting that metformin and chidamide affected glycolysis in MM cells and enhanced the sensitivity of lenalidomide and bortezomib in MM by regulating glucose metabolism. In conclusion, metformin and chidamide synergistically hindered MM cell growth and sensitized cells to lenalidomide/bortezomib. The findings of this study might provide novel clues to improve MM therapy.
Clinical value assessment for serum hsa_tsr013526 in the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma
Authors: Xu Jing , Wang Yue , Li Xian , Zheng Ming , Li Yang , Zhang Weiwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGastric carcinoma (GC) is a malignant tumor that is detrimental to human health. Transfer RNA‐derived small RNAs are a newly identified class of noncoding small RNAs with specific biological functions that are aberrantly expressed in cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of hsa_tsr013526 as a biomarker for GC. Quantitative real‐time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression level of hsa_tsr013526. The molecular characteristics of hsa_tsr013526 were verified by agarose gel electrophoresis, Sanger sequencing, and separation of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA fractions. By testing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the diagnostic efficiency of GC using hsa_tsr013526 was determined. Finally, we predicted the downstream of hsa_tsr013526 using functional assays and bioinformatics analysis. Serum expression of hsa_tsr013526 was higher in GC patients than in healthy donors. Serum expression showed differential changes in GC patients, gastritis patients, and healthy donors. Chi‐squared tests showed that high expression of hsa_tsr013526 was significantly correlated with T stage, lymphatic metastasis, and tumor node metastasis stage. ROC curve analysis indicated that GC patients could be discriminated from healthy donors or gastritis patients based on their serum levels of hsa_tsr013526. Furthermore, hsa_tsr013526 expression was significantly reduced in postoperative GC patients (p = .0016). High expression of hsa_tsr013526 promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Serum hsa_tsr013526 was stable and specific, and could be used for dynamic monitoring of GC patients. Therefore, hsa_tsr013526 may be a new biomarker for the diagnosis and postoperative monitoring of GC patients.
Hypertrophic osteopathy in a dog associated with chronic lung lobe torsion
Authors: Villuendas Marta , Jiménez Cristóbal López , Aisa Josep , de la Puerta Anna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA 6‐year‐old, male, neutered, crossbreed dog was presented with a history of lethargy, chronic cough, right thoracic limb lameness, bilateral distal thoracic limb swelling and non‐healing skin wounds. Computed tomography showed bilateral forelimb irregular periosteal reaction and chronic right cranial lung lobe torsion, with secondary bronchiectasis. The affected lung lobe was surgically excised, the right radius was biopsied, and postoperative antimicrobial therapy was prescribed. Histopathology and bacterial culture confirmed chronic lung lobe torsion, associated bacterial bronchopneumonia, and right radial hypertrophic osteopathy. Two months after starting treatment, the respiratory signs resolved and the soft tissue swelling and lameness markedly improved. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report describing hypertrophic osteopathy suspected secondary to chronic lung lobe torsion in a dog.
Quantitative Scrolling into Microporous Nanotubes of the Hydrous Layered Silicate Ilerite
Authors: Uhlig Felix , Pietsch Ingmar , Stich Alexander , Mansfeld Ulrich , Rosenfeldt Sabine , Senker Jürgen , Breu Josef 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe synthetic hydrous layered silicate ilerite was quantitatively converted into microporous nanoscrolls (NS). Delamination of ilerite that was ion‐exchanged for N‐Methyl‐D‐glucaminium (Meg+), through one‐dimensional (1D) dissolution initially yields lamellar liquid crystalline (nematic) suspensions. Subsequent protonation with acetic acid of tangling Si‐O− to silanol groups reduces the pH‐dependent charge of the basal surfaces. Complete NS formation is then triggered by diluting the nematic suspension below 0.05 wt%. As scrolling commonly has been attributed to hydrophobic interaction of organic counterions, Meg+ was replaced by lithium ions but this showed no detrimental effect on the scrolling efficiency. The resulting NS have a typical length of 2–4 μm that corresponds well with typical diameters of the parent nanosheets. Ar‐physisorption isotherms showed a bimodal micropore size with maxima around 0.8 and 1.9 nm. We attribute the first to the tubular hollow inner diameter of the NS and the latter to wedgelike interparticle porosity. The material showed a large specific surface area of 226 m2 g−1.
Education Is a Political Issue
Authors: Hofstetter Rita , Schneuwly Bernard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe model that held the distinction between education and politics to be plausible and even indispensable had given way to the aspirations of formerly colonised countries, which had undergone an education imbued with politics under the auspices of the civilising mission of the empires, which were now confronted with their abuses. By taking their own places and speaking in these forums, the new countries demonstrated that the problems addressed and the solutions proposed were far from being as universal as the IBE and UNESCO proclaimed. This tension translated into an open conflict about the misdeeds of an alienating colonial enterprise, which was considered to violate the very dignity of man. In the case of Portugal, its former African colonies demanded its exclusion.
The Primacy of Education to Pacify the World?
Authors: Hofstetter Rita , Schneuwly Bernard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe first six chapters form Part I tell the story of the IBE. This first one shows that the International Bureau of Education (IBE) was the product of a collective genesis. It was the continuation of a plethora of initiatives which, in the nineteenth century already, were working towards the institutionalisation of networks dedicated to education and childhood, in order to pacify the world. The contours of the IBE were furthermore sketched out in a particular context, in effervescent post-war Geneva when the city was designated to host the League of Nations (LoN). The chapter describes the dynamics of this genesis in order to understand what led the intellectuals, psycho-pedagogues and educators grouped around the Institut Rousseau to conceive of their institution as one of the international agencies representing the values of peace, international solidarity and social justice, emblematic of the “spirit of Geneva”. An insert presents the Institut Rousseau.
On the Fate of Women: “Equality Does Not Mean Identity”
Authors: Hofstetter Rita , Schneuwly Bernard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough the IBE produced some pioneering surveys in the 1930s on women and education, the only International Conference entirely devoted to this question took place as late as 1952, on the initiative of the women’s NGOs supported by UNESCO. But the IBE’s recommendations expressly call for broad access to education for women at all levels of schooling, including universities and vocational courses. Contradictions remained: opinions plainly reducing women to their biological reproductive functions faced clearly heard demands for equality in education. After this conference, one can observe an increased awareness of the injustice suffered by girls and women, in access to both courses of study and diplomas.
Facing Equivocations, Tightrope Acrobatics
Authors: Hofstetter Rita , Schneuwly Bernard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDuring the first ten years, the designers of the IBE had to face key problems when trying to make their mark in the complex web of associations and organisations that assumed the mission of preserving peace on earth. The chapter focuses on a selection of controversies with new education organisations like the NEF, with teacher organisations that combatted the LoN and above all the IICI. It shows the difficulty of positioning oneself without generating misunderstanding and dissension, suspicions and reproaches and, worse, blatant ostracism for the IBE promoters. Faced with certain ambiguities, they were constantly debating to clarify among themselves and in respect of their protagonists what the IBE’s position was, aiming to strengthen its independence and legitimacy, without losing supportive alliances. The chapter is completed with an insert on the IBE-WFEA rivalry.
From Scientific to Syncretic Patchwork Storytelling: The Discursive Ecosystem of Italian Stop 5G Refused Knowledge Communities
Authors: Tosoni Simone 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter addresses the discursive practices, media-related and not, adopted by the Italian Stop 5G RKC to produce, stabilise and transform its shared (refused) knowledge. Adopting an ecological approach, this inquiry has its main focus on the digital sphere as a transmedia circulation environment in which a range of discourses and narratives can coexist and interact in multiple ways, sometimes colliding and competing, sometimes adapting to each other, sometimes merging in new ways. In particular, it shows how, during the pandemic crisis, the Stop 5G RKC transformed its discursive practices (and, consequently, its shared knowledge) from a ‘scientific patchwork’ storytelling approach—based on a rigid definition of borders and selection of scientific sources—to a ‘syncretic patchwork’ storytelling approach—based on combining diverse and sometimes conflicting discursive sources (e.g. scientific knowledge, folklore, new age spirituality and conspiracy theories). This perspective allows to highlight the close relationship between the RKCs’ discursive practices, their forms of organisation and the shared (refused) knowledge they produce and reproduce.
APOB100 transgenic mice exemplify how the systemic circulation content may affect the retina without altering retinal cholesterol input
Authors: El-Darzi Nicole , Mast Natalia , Li Yong , Pikuleva Irina A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractApolipoprotein B (APOB) is a constituent of unique lipoprotein particles (LPPs) produced in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which separates the neural retina from Bruch’s membrane (BrM) and choroidal circulation. These LPPs accumulate with age in BrM and contribute to the development of age-related macular degeneration, a major blinding disease. The APOB100 transgenic expression in mice, which unlike humans lack the full-length APOB100, leads to lipid deposits in BrM. Herein, we further characterized APOB100 transgenic mice. We imaged mouse retina in vivo and assessed chorioretinal lipid distribution, retinal sterol levels, retinal cholesterol input, and serum content as well as tracked indocyanine green-bound LPPs in mouse plasma and retina after an intraperitoneal injection. Retinal function and differentially expressed proteins were also investigated. APOB100 transgenic mice had increased serum LDL content and an additional higher density HDL subpopulation; their retinal cholesterol levels (initially decreased) became normal with age. The LPP cycling between the RPE and choroidal circulation was increased. Yet, LPP trafficking from the RPE to the neural retina was limited, and total retinal cholesterol input did not change. There were lipid deposits in the RPE and BrM, and retinal function was impaired. Retinal proteomics provided mechanistic insights. Collectively, our data suggested that the serum LDL/HDL ratio may not affect retinal pathways of cholesterol input as serum LPP load is mainly handled by the RPE, which offloads LPP excess to the choroidal circulation rather than neural retina. Different HDL subpopulations should be considered in studies linking serum LPPs and age-related macular degeneration.
FOXA2-initiated transcriptional activation of INHBA induced by methylmalonic acid promotes pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm progression
Authors: Hu Chunhua , Ye Mujie , Bai Jianan , Liu Pengfei , Lu Feiyu , Chen Jinhao , Xu Yanling , Yan Lijun , Yu Ping , Xiao Zequan , Gu Danyang , Xu Lin , Tian Ye , Tang Qiyun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) are a group of highly heterogeneous neoplasms originating from the endocrine islet cells of the pancreas with characteristic neuroendocrine differentiation, more than 60% of which represent metastases when diagnosis, causing major tumor-related death. Metabolic alterations have been recognized as one of the hallmarks of tumor metastasis, providing attractive therapeutic targets. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of metabolic changes regulating PanNEN progression. In this study, we first identified methylmalonic acid (MMA) as an oncometabolite for PanNEN progression, based on serum metabolomics of metastatic PanNEN compared with non-metastatic PanNEN patients. One of the key findings was the potentially novel mechanism of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) triggered by MMA. Inhibin βA (INHBA) was characterized as a key regulator of MMA-induced PanNEN progression according to transcriptomic analysis, which has been validated in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, INHBA was activated by FOXA2, a neuroendocrine (NE) specific transcription factor, which was initiated during MMA-induced progression. In addition, MMA-induced INHBA upregulation activated downstream MITF to regulate EMT-related genes in PanNEN cells. Collectively, these data suggest that activation of INHBA via FOXA2 promotes MITF-mediated EMT during MMA inducing PanNEN progression, which puts forward a novel therapeutic target for PanNENs.
Graphical abstract
Methylmalonic acid (MMA), a serum oncometabolite, increased the expression of inhibin βA (INHBA) by the neuroendocrine-specific transcription factor, FOXA2 to induce MITF-mediated EMT during the progression of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs), providing an actionable therapeutic vulnerability to metabolic therapy in PanNENs.
Combination of blockade of endothelin signalling and compensation of IGF1 expression protects the retina from degeneration
Authors: Shigesada Naoya , Shikada Naoya , Shirai Manabu , Toriyama Michinori , Higashijima Fumiaki , Kimura Kazuhiro , Kondo Toru , Bessho Yasumasa , Shinozuka Takuma , Sasai Noriaki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRetinitis pigmentosa (RP) and macular dystrophy (MD) cause severe retinal dysfunction, affecting 1 in 4000 people worldwide. This disease is currently assumed to be intractable, because effective therapeutic methods have not been established, regardless of genetic or sporadic traits. Here, we examined a RP mouse model in which theProminin-1(Prom1) gene was deficient and investigated the molecular events occurring at the outset of retinal dysfunction. We extracted the Prom1-deficient retina subjected to light exposure for a short time, conducted single-cell expression profiling, and compared the gene expression with and without stimuli. We identified the cells and genes whose expression levels change directly in response to light stimuli. Among the genes altered by light stimulation,Igf1was decreased in rod photoreceptor cells and astrocytes under the light-stimulated condition. Consistently, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signal was weakened in light-stimulated photoreceptor cells. The recovery ofIgf1expression with the adeno-associated virus (AAV) prevented photoreceptor cell death, and its treatment in combination with the endothelin receptor antagonist led to the blockade of abnormal glial activation and the promotion of glycolysis, thereby resulting in the improvement of retinal functions, as assayed by electroretinography. We additionally demonstrated that the attenuation of mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which mediates IGF signalling, leads to complications in maintaining retinal homeostasis. Together, we propose that combinatorial manipulation of distinct mechanisms is useful for the maintenance of the retinal condition.
Modification of wood via biochar particle impregnation
Authors: Langella T. , Mikulijan M. , Han L. , Zouari M. , DeVallance D. B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThermal-hydro-mechanical (THM) densification was performed on Picea abies (spruce), Abies alba (European fir), Populus nigra (poplar), and Fagus sylvatica (beech). Prior to THM treatment, the wood was impregnated with an aqueous solution containing 1%, 2.5%, and 5% biochar. Mechanical characteristics (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture), set-recovery, and contact angle were measured and compared for all samples in relation to the percentage of biochar present in the mixture. Impregnation with biochar/water mixture in combination with THM treatment resulted in densified wood with improved properties. Spruce showed the most notable improvement in water resistance, in addition to having the largest reduction in set-recovery at 57% and the highest contact angle value at 120°. There was also significant improvement in the mechanical properties of spruce wood, especially when impregnated with 2.5% and 5% of biochar, with MOE values of 17.09 and 18.61 GPa and MOR values of 190.47 and 176.41 MPa, respectively. The only comparable values were observed in beech impregnated with 2.5% biochar mixture, with a MOR value of 204.6 MPa. These findings highlight the effectiveness of biochar-enhanced impregnation together with THM treatment in improving the structural and mechanical properties of wood, with distinct improvements observed in spruce and a few improvements in beech.