bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specific induction of gadd45 in human melanocytes and melanoma cells after UVB irradiation
Authors: Pedeux Rémy , Lefort Karine , Cuenin Cyrille , Cortes Ulrich , Kellner Karine , Doré Jean‐François , Nakazawa Hisayoshi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to analyze the p53‐mediated response of human melanocytes and human melanoma cells to UVB (natural environmental carcinogen) or UVC irradiation (experimental carcinogen). A semi‐quantitative RT‐PCR method was developed to allow the analysis of the expression of 5 p53 effector genes (p21WAF1, mdm2, cyclin G1, gadd45, bax) at the same time with a small amount of RNA (1 μg). In human melanocytic cells, the p53 downstream genes were found to be differentially activated after UVB and UVC irradiation. After UVB irradiation, p53 protein accumulation was sustained up to 48 hr that was not the case after UVC irradiation. Among the p53 effector genes tested, gadd45 was the only 1 to show a strong and specific induction after UVB irradiation. With high UVB doses, gadd45 was also the only gene to be transcribed. By contrast, after UVC irradiation, all the p53 effector genes tested were transcriptionally induced. Experiments conducted with fibroblasts and keratinocytes didn't show such a striking activation of gadd45 after UVB irradiation. These results point out the potential role of gadd45 in response to UVB irradiation in human melanocytes and the different p53‐mediated responses to different carcinogens. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessment of patient‐independent intrinsic error for a noninvasive frame for fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy
Authors: Miranpuri Amrendra S. , Tomé Wolfgang A. , Paliwal Bhudatt R. , Kesslering Christy , Mehta Minesh P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to examine the extent of patient‐independent intrinsic error associated with multiple, repeat remounting of the Laitinen Stereoadapter. The Laitinen frame was repeatedly mounted on a solid water phantom and imaged using computed tomography (CT). The phantom contained five targets located in the center, anterior, right, left, and posterior orientations. The images were processed, fused, and analyzed on the Pinnacle™ 3‐D treatment planning system. The coordinate values (in the x, y, and z directions) for each target were determined for each mounting, and an absolute mean deviation was calculated for 11 repetitions. The mean deviation in the x, y, and z direction for the central and right target, and in the × and y direction for the posterior and anterior target was less than 2.0 mm. However, the mean error in the z direction of the anterior and posterior targets was 1.79 ± 1.02 mm and 2.20 ± 1.32 mm, respectively. Rotational misalignment during repeat frame fixation contributed to the observed deviations and in particular affected the antero‐posterior plane. With the exception of two occasions where an obvious mounting error occurred, a significant portion of error from remounting the Laitinen Stereoadapter is associated with the operator and the imaging process. The observation of an angular displacement around the axis through the earplugs suggests that a certain degree of rotational misalignment in daily remounting is possible. Targets in the antero‐posterior plane are most susceptible to localization error as a consequence of rotational misalignment. In summary, the overall error is within the limits of current imaging technology but not within submillimeter accuracy. Clinical application should take these errors into consideration when designing field margins. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of a new proliferation‐associated protein NET‐1/C4.8 characteristic for a subset of high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinomas
Authors: Wollscheid Volker , Kühne‐Heid Rosemarie , Stein Ines , Jansen Lars , Köllner Susanne , Schneider Achim , Dürst Matthias 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA large number of genes are known to be differentially expressed at distinct steps of carcinogenesis. By using a cell culture model system for cervical cancer, we had previously identified several genes that were more strongly expressed when comparing normal cervical epithelium with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. In our study, we show that one of these genes, C4.8, is identical to NET‐1, which is a new member of the tetraspanin family of proteins. By generating a mouse polyclonal antiserum against the major extracellular domain of the protein, we could detect NET‐1/C4.8 expression both after ectopic expression of the gene in cell cultures and in cryostat sections of cervical biopsies. Moreover, immunohistochemic analyses of normal cervical epithelium, metaplasia, condyloma and CIN of different severity suggest that NET‐1/C4.8 expression is associated with neoplastic cell proliferation. Notably, expression of the protein throughout the entire epithelium is only evident for a subset of CIN3. The potential importance for this gene in cervical carcinogenesis is underlined by an invariably strong expression in all undifferentiated squamous cell cancers examined. This indicates that this gene may be of prognostic value. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Involvement of matrix metalloproteinase type‐3 in hepatocyte growth factor‐induced invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Monvoisin Arnaud , Bisson Christèle , Si‐Tayeb Karim , Balabaud Charles , Desmoulière Alexis , Rosenbaum Jean 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIntra‐hepatic invasion is a key feature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. We have shown that human liver myofibroblasts induce invasion of HCC cells through Matrigel, via the secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). In our study, we investigated the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in HGF‐induced HCC cells invasion. Marimastat, a synthetic MMP inhibitor, dose‐dependently decreased HGF‐induced invasion of HepG2 cells with a maximum of 82.7 ± 13.3% at 20 μM. TIMP‐2, a natural inhibitor, decreased invasion up to 51.2 ± 11.2% at 200 ng/ml. To determine the target for these inhibitors, we examined MMP expression using RT‐PCR. MMPs 1, 7–9 and 10 were not expressed in HepG2 cells either in the absence or in the presence of HGF. MMP‐2 and MMP‐13 transcripts were detected in unstimulated cells but their expression was unchanged after exposition to HGF. MMP‐3 transcripts were undetectable in unstimulated HepG2 cells. They became clearly expressed in HGF‐stimulated cells, however, and this was confirmed by Northern blot. By Western blot, HGF dose‐dependently stimulated the secretion of pro‐MMP‐3 in the culture medium. The role of MMP‐3 in HGF‐induced invasion was directly confirmed by using an antibody to MMP‐3, that blocked invasion. Finally, RT‐PCR demonstrated MMP‐3 expression in 10/16 human HCCs tested, but not in normal liver. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that MMPs, most likely MMP‐3, mediate HGF‐induced invasion of HCC cells. The in vivo expression of MMP‐3 in HCC suggests a role for this protease in HCC progression. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The impact of financial liberalization policies on financial development: evidence from developing economics
Authors: Arestis Philip , Demetriades Panicos , Fattouh Bassam , Mouratidis Kostas 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe collect data on a number of financial restraints, including restrictions on deposit and lending interest rates and reserve and liquidity requirements, from central banks of six developing countries. We estimate the effects of these policies on financial development, controlling for the effect of economic development and using standard econometric techniques. We find that the effects of financial policies vary considerably across our sample of countries. Our findings demonstrate that financial liberalisation is a much more complex process than has been assumed by earlier literature and its effects on financial development are ambiguous. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Editorial introduction: European migration: flows, structures and regulation
Authors: Lazaridis Gabriella , Williams Allan M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIt is now widely accepted, and commented on, that both within Europe and beyond, not only are millions on the move, but there have been fundamental changes in the very nature of migration and mobility. The large‐scale uprooting of people leading to forced migration, the rapid increase of legal and illegal migration of skilled and unskilled people to the growth poles of the global economy, the rapid increase in temporary mobility of both manual labour and service providers, and the growing significance of consumption‐led migration are all intimately linked to the processes of globalisation and restructuring in global and European political, economic, social and cultural relations since the late 1980s/early 1990s. It is not only the geography of flows which has been and is being transformed, but also the channels and structures – what Urry (2000) terms the ‘scapes’ – which mediate and are reshaped by these flows. The ‘scapes’ are being recast in part by technological changes in transport and communication, opening up new ways of travel and working, but they are also part of and subject to the systems which regulate migration and mobility. In part these are defined by national and supranational systems of regulation, including both the barriers to flows and the rights of permanent residence and citizenship. But they are also conditioned by the creation and renewal of informal migrant networks across space, and the ‘grey’ area of regulation constituted by the role of organised crime in the trafficking in people. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detoxification of lantana hepatotoxin, lantadene A, using Alcaligenes faecalis
Authors: Singh Anita , Sharma Om P. , Kurade Nitin P. , Ojha Sudarshan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDetoxification of lantadene A (LA), the hepatotoxin from Lantana camara var. aculeata, by the bacterial strain Alcaligenes faecalis has been investigated. Lantadene A induced hepatotoxicity concomitant with increases in plasma bilirubin, blood plasma enzymes and histopathological lesions that typify lantana toxicity. The extract of fermentation broth in which LA was incubated with A. faecalis did not elicit any alterations in blood enzyme prolife or liver histopathology, which were comparable with the control group. It is concluded that A. faecalis detoxified LA and no noxious product was formed on incubation of LA with A. faecalis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Allergenicity testing of supermethrin, phenoxyacetic acid and DNCB using in vivo and in vitro modifications of the local lymph node assays, maximization and epicutaneous testing
Authors: Kuricova M. , Tulinska J. , Kubova J. , Liskova A. , Fuortes L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare two methods of testing for allergenicity: in vivo and in vitro modifications of local lymph node assays (LLNA) in mice and the maximization and epicutaneous skin tests in guinea pigs as per the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (1981). Two pesticides—the synthetic pyrethroid insecticide supermethrin (SM) and the herbicide phenoxyacetic acid (PAA)—were evaluated using this testing battery. 1‐Chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (DNCB) was selected as a reference allergen for the local lymph node assay.In vitro modification of LLNA proliferative response per standard cell count in lymphocyte cultures derived from treated Balb/c mice did not differ from control mice. Results of the in vivo modification showed that treatment with 50% PAA and 50% SM resulted in a lower proliferation response of lymphocytes in lymph nodes compared with control animals. The vigour of the proliferative response varied more in in vivo modification of LLNA. Stimulation indices were <3, so PAA and SM did not indicate classification as allergens.Lymphocyte proliferation in 1% DNCB‐activated lymph nodes was approximately fivefold higher than in those derived from control mice. Proliferation response in vitro calculated as stimulation index was higher in DNCB‐treated mice than those observed in vivo, but differences were not dramatic.Auricular lymph node weight and cellularity in mice treated with PAA and SM were similar to controls. The DNCB stimulation index for lymph node cellularity was 5.5. Lymph node weight was three times higher in comparison with controls.In the maximization test in guinea pigs SM and PAA acid resulted in 40% and 50% of animals demonstrating sensitization, respectively. Epicutaneous administration resulted in weaker reaction. Both SM and PAA are mildly strong sensitizers by this battery. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Renal extracellular matrix alterations in lead‐treated rats
Authors: Sánchez Sara , Aguilar Rossana Pérez , Genta Susana , Aybar Manuel , Villecco Evelina , Riera Alicia Sánchez 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAlthough the nephrotoxic effects of lead are well documented, the subcellular mechanisms of its action on the kidney remain unclear. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of chronic lead exposure on the expression of laminin‐1 and fibronectin in the kidney of lead‐treated rats. Western immunoblotting of the kidney extracts revealed that experimental exposure to lead resulted in a marked decrease in the intensity of the bands corresponding to laminin‐1 and an increase in the intensity of the band corresponding to fibronectin. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated a weak labelling to laminin‐1 and a strong labelling to fibronectin in all renal basement membranes together with a decrease in their thickness. Other ultrastructural alterations found were a diminution in the amount of endothelial fenestrae, an increased fusion of foot processes in epithelial cells of the glomerulus and the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies in the proximal tubule cells. Lead intoxication might be responsible for the above alterations in the renal extracellular matrix that could play an important role in the pathogenesis of lead nephropathy. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Short‐term oral toxicity of gasohol in female rats
Authors: Poon R. , Yagminas A. , Singh A. , Valli V. E. , Chu I. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe systemic toxicity of gasohol (10% ethanol in gasoline by volume) in female rats following 4‐week oral administration was studied. Female Sprague‐Dawley rats (198±14 g) were divided into four groups of ten animals each. The low‐ and medium‐dose groups received by gavage corn oil containing gasoline/ethanol at 16/1.8 and 160/18 (mg kg−1 body weight), respectively, for 28 consecutive days. The high‐dose animals were administered gasoline/ethanol at 1600/180 mg kg−1 on the first day and the dose was reduced to 800/90 mg kg−1 for the rest of the study period. Control animals received corn oil only. Urine was obtained from all rats after weeks 1, 2 and 4 for biochemical analysis. At termination of the study, kidneys of four rats from each group were examined by electron microscopy. Body weight gains, organ weights, tissue and organ histopathology, serum biochemistry, hematology, liver enzymes and biochemistry were determined in the remaining six animals of each group. No treatment‐related changes were observed in the following endpoints: body weight gain or relative weights of the brain, lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen and thymus. A significant increase in pentoxyresorufin O‐deethylase (PROD) and benzoylresorufin O‐dealkylase (BROD) activities was detected in the high‐dose animals, whereas ethoxyresorufin O‐deethylase (EROD) activity was unchanged. Treatment with gasohol did not produce any significant changes in hematology and serum clinical chemistry parameters. Biomarkers of oxidative stress such as serum and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and liver glutathione also were unaffected by treatments. Urinary ascorbic acid was elevated markedly in the medium‐ and high‐dose groups following the first, second and fourth weeks of treatment. Urine hippuric acid was increased significantly in the high‐dose groups. A dose‐related increase in urinary aldehydes also was observed in animals after the first, second and fourth week of treatment. Interestingly, a separate 1‐week dosing study revealed that the increase in urinary aldehydes was associated with gasoline and not with ethanol treatment. In the high‐dose animals slight increases in urinary protein and N‐acetylglucosaminidase activity were observed after week 1 but not after week 2 or week 4. No histopathological changes were detected in the liver, kidneys, stomach, brain, lungs or other tissues examined. Electron microscopic examination of the kidneys also did not reveal any abnormalities. It was concluded that short‐term oral administration of gasoline/ethanol at 800/90 mg kg−1 produced a biochemical response in the liver but no adverse effects in the kidneys and lungs. The biological significance of elevated urinary aldehydes at gasoline/ethanol concentrations of 160/18 mg kg−1 and higher remains to be studied. Copyright © 2001. Crown in the right of Canada. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neutral red uptake inhibition in adhered and adhering rat hepatoma‐derived Fa32 cells to predict human toxicity
Authors: Dierickx Paul J. , Scheers Ellen M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe cytotoxicity of the MEIC (Multicentre Evaluation of In vitro Cytotoxicity) reference chemicals was investigated by measuring the neutral red uptake inhibition in adhered and adhering rat hepatoma‐derived Fa32 cells. The adhered cells were seeded and then treated and the adhering cells were treated simultaneously upon seeding. Five of the 44 test chemicals were twofold more toxic in adhering cells; ethylene glycol was 28‐fold more toxic and mercuric chloride was 5.2‐fold more toxic than in adhered cells. The cytotoxicity of dithiothreitol was altered in the same way as that of ethylene glycol, probably by interacting with calcium. When the neutral red uptake inhibition was compared with human toxicity, the correlation coefficient for adhering cells was almost identical to that obtained previously in human hepatoma‐derived Hep G2 cells and slightly higher for adhered cells. The Hep G2 assay was the best acute in vitro assay for the prediction of human toxicity within the MEIC study. An obviously better correlation was obtained when the strong intoxicant mercuric chloride was withdrawn from the comparison, both for the adhered and the adhering cells. Altogether, the results can be integrated very well with the basal cytotoxicity concept. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biodegradation of carbonate apatite/collagen composite membrane and its controlled release of carbonate apatite
Authors: Matsumoto T. , Okazaki M. , Inoue M. , Ode S. , Chang‐Chien C. , Nakao H. , Hamada Y. , Takahashi J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the biodegradation of carbonate apatite (CO3Ap)/collagen composite membrane as a new guided tissue regeneration membrane in vivo and to estimate its controlled release of CO3Ap in vitro. To control the biodegradation of the guided tissue regeneration membrane and to promote hard tissue regeneration in the periodontal region, we added CO3Ap into the collagen membrane. To investigate the biodegradation of CO3Ap/collagen composite membranes, the prepared membranes (CO3Ap:0, 10 wt %) were cut into 5 × 5 × 0.1 mm and subcutaneously implanted into the backside of male rats under general anesthesia. The explanted membranes were investigated histologically. To estimate their controlled release of CO3Ap in vitro, the membranes (CO3Ap 0–10 wt %, 5 × 5 × 0.1 mm) were immersed into collagenase solution and compulsorily dissolved for 48 h. Histological results suggested that the membrane had a good biocompatibility and the biodegradable period was shortened with the presence of CO3Ap. In the solubility experiments of the membrane, eluted Ca concentrations gradually increased with total dependence on the dissolution of the collagen membrane. Our study demonstrated that the biodegradation time can be controlled by CO3Ap contents in the membrane and CO3Ap could be released from the membrane with the biodegradation period. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 60: 651–656, 2002
Adsorption characteristics of human plasma fibronectin in relationship to cell adhesion
Authors: Kowalczyńska Hanna M. , Nowak‐Wyrzykowska Małgorzata , Dobkowski Jacek , Kołos Robert , Kamiński Jarosław , Makowska‐Cynka Alicja , Marciniak Ewa 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAdsorption of human plasma fibronectin (FN) on nonsulfonated and sulfonated polymer surfaces was studied, by using a polyclonal antiserum to FN and the ELISA method. ELISA signal was recorded as a function of FN concentration in solutions. The concentration dependence of FN binding shows the saturation effect in the range 5–10 μg/mL. ELISA data are discussed in the terms of a self‐assembled monolayer and different conformations of the FN molecule.The early adhesion of L1210 cells to polymer surfaces after prior adsorption of FN on these surfaces was studied under static conditions. In the case of FN adsorbed on sulfonated surfaces, the relative number of adhering cells increased with the increase of the interfacial surface tension (i.e., the cell adhesion depends on the surface density of sulfonic groups). However, in the case of FN adsorbed on nonsulfonated surfaces, the relative number of adhering cells was low and independent on the interfacial surface tension.The α5β1‐integrin blocking by a monoclonal antibody resulted in a strong inhibition of the cell adhesion to FN adsorbed on sulfonated polymer surfaces. This indicates that cell adhesion to FN adsorbed on these surfaces is mostly mediated by the α5β1‐integrin. In contrast, in the case of FN adsorbed on nonsulfonated surfaces the cell adhesion was not inhibited by the α5β1‐integrin blocking. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 61: 260–269, 2002
Color characteristics of low‐chroma and high‐translucence dental resin composites by different measuring modes
Authors: Lee Yong‐Keun , Lim Bum‐Soon , Kim Cheol‐We , Powers John M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe objective of the described research was the evaluation of the effects of the differences in the color‐measuring geometry (SCE, SCI) and the standard illuminant on the color and color change after polymerization and thermocycling of resin composites. White, translucent, and conventional shades of two brands of resin composites were measured before and after polymerization and after thermocycling according to the CIE L*a*b* color scale on a reflection spectrophotometer with SCE and SCI geometry under the standard illuminants A, D65, and C. Under both SCE and SCI modes, the color differences (ΔE*) of specimens between the values measured under illuminants A and D65 or A and C were larger than those between D65 and C in unpolymerized, polymerized, and thermocycled conditions. With SCE geometry, ΔE* after polymerization of the white shade group was 8.7–9.8 under D65, and was higher than the conventional shade group (p < 0.05) in both materials. With SCE geometry, ΔE* between polymerized and thermocycled white, translucent shade was 4.4–7.1 under D65. With SCI geometry, the results were in general agreement with those of SCE mode. After polymerization, ΔE* measured under illuminant A was generally higher than that under D65 or C (p < 0.01). After thermocycling, the color change was different depending on the color‐measuring geometry and standard illuminant. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 58: 613–621, 2001