bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uterine Didelphys in a G4P3+0: a Disturbing Phenomenon at Caesarean Section
Authors: Ali Abdibasid Shariff , Mohamud Yakub , Kune Yakub I. , Byonanuwe Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Uterine didelphys is an extremely very rare Müllerian duct defect globally that if found coincidentally can be so disturbing to the attending clinician, the patient and her family members. Wepresent a case report of an undiagnosed uterus didelphys in a pregnant woman who was admitted at 39 weeks and 4 days of amenorrhea with a double uterus that was found coincidentally at her third delivery by elective caesarean section and had a good fetal outcome.
Case presentation: We are presenting a 32 year old Gravida 4 Para 3+0 patient who was admitted at 39 weeks and 4 days of amenorrhea and reported a history of three previous caesarean scars. She was accordingly delivered by elective caesarean section. Intraoperatively, a second non gravid uterus with ipsilateral fallopian tube and ovary was coincidentally noted and a contralateral fallopian tube without ovary was also appreciated in the same uterus. Exploration revealed that each uterus had one fallopian tube and ovary, and that both uteri joined at one cervix.
Conclusion: Careful assessment of all women scheduled for surgery is crucial to avoid such unnecessary disturbing phenomena
Cumulative Police Exposures, Police Violence Stress, and Depressive Symptoms: A Focus on Black LGBQ Youth in Baltimore City, Maryland
Authors: Jackson Dylan B. , Fix Rebecca L. , Testa Alexander , Webb Lindsey , Toro Juan Del , Alang Sirry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present study investigates associations between cumulative police exposures, police violence stress, and depressive symptoms among Black youth, and whether LGBQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer) identities moderate these associations. Data come from the Survey of Police-Adolescent Contact Experiences (SPACE), a cross-sectional survey of a community-based sample of Black youth ages 12–21 in Baltimore City, Maryland (n = 345), administered from August 2022 to July 2023. We used multivariable ordinary least squares regression to estimate direct associations and product-term analysis to test for effect modification by sexual identities. We also calculate covariate-adjusted predicted depressive symptoms scores by cumulative police exposures and police violence stress across sexual identities. Findings indicate that LGBQ youth collectively reported higher levels of police violence stress than heterosexual youth. Still, LGBQ youth varied in their cumulative police exposures, which were significantly higher among bisexual and queer youth than lesbian or gay youth. Associations between cumulative police exposures, police violence stress, and depressive symptoms were significantly moderated by LGBQ identity, with the strongest associations emerging for bisexual and queer youth. Police exposures and police violence stress also compounded to worsen depressive symptoms among the subsample of LGBQ youth. Collectively, our findings suggest that LGBQ youth–especially bisexual and queer youth–may be particularly vulnerable to the mental health harms of cumulative police exposures and police violence stress. Intersectional, public health approaches that combine prevention and treatment strategies are needed to mitigate LGBQ mental health inequities stemming from cumulative police exposures and police violence stress.
Classification of fish freshness using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Flores Edwin Wilson Mamani , Huisa Roger Pedraza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the work, the freshness of the trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was analyzed, this aspect being very important to determine its quality. The objective is to propose a computational model based on a CNN to classify the freshness of the trout based on the changes in color of their eyes and gills. For this, an image data set was created with the acquired trout. To obtain the results, 3 experiments were carried out, the first; with 2 classes (days 1 and 9), the second with 3 classes (days 1, 5 and 9) and the third with 5 classes (days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9), all the experiments were run in Google colab.The results were validated with a confusion matrix and ROC curve. The best results were given by the ResNeXt5032x4d model, with 2 classes it obtained an accuracy of 0.9833, 3 classes an accuracy of 0.9222 and with 5 classes an accuracy of 0.8800.
Waterborne toxicity of several DDT congeners to Hyalella azteca, and its implications for contaminated sediment assessment
Authors: Mount David R. , Burkhard Lawrence P. , Hockett J. Russell , Holloway Chloe J. , Howe Sarah E. , Jenson James J. , Kadlec Sarah M. , Kasparek Alex J. , Lahren Tylor J. , Lott Kevin G. , Piasecki Edward , Swanson John J. , Votava Lauren K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although banned long ago in many countries and jurisdictions, the organochlorine pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and compounds related to it remain in the aquatic environment, particularly in sediments, and can pose risks to aquatic life. To inform ecological risk assessment of these compounds, we tested the toxicity of six DDT congeners, specifically the p,p’ (4,4’) forms of DDT, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), and dichlorodiphenylchloroethylene (DDMU), as well as the o,p’ (2,4’) isomers of DDT and DDD. The epibenthic amphipod, Hyalella azteca, was exposed for 7 days to waterborne chemical and assessed for changes in survival and growth. Median effect concentrations for biomass gain (aggregating effects on growth and survival) ranged from 0.14 µg/L (p,p’DDT) to 5.8 µg/L (o,p’DDD). Among p,p’ congeners, relative toxicity was DDT > > DDD > DDE ≈ DDMU. Ortho-para’ isomers averaged 6.6-fold less toxic than their p,p’ analogs. Application of these waterborne exposure endpoints in ecological risk assessment of contaminated sediments is discussed.
Unveiling Regional Variations in Articular Cartilage Mechanics Affected by Osteoarthritis
Authors: Pang Xiangchao , Wang Juan , Ge Yongmei , Lin Zhaowei , Bin Tang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Due to its biofunction, the mechanics of articular cartilage (AC) is a vital index concerning the lesion of AC, and there are many studies on the relationship between the mechanics of AC and lesions of AC. It is expected that the variation of mechanics of AC can be used as an early diagnosis index of osteoarthritis (OA) or other lesions of AC. In clinical observation, the degradation of AC is region-specific, therefore, to further achieve this goal, the mechanics of AC under different stages of OA at different regions, i.e., medial distal femoral condyle, lateral distal femoral condyle, medial posterior femoral condyle, and lateral posterior femoral condyle, were systematically measured using the deep indentation technique in this study. The results demonstrated that the mechanics of AC in the four regions follow the same trend with the development of OA. Interestingly, the elastic modulus of AC at the stage of OA3 is the smallest among the last three stages of OA. The discovery of this inflection point at the stage of OA3 holds promise for improving our understanding and therapy for OA in the future. This study also highlights the need for future research to focus on the impact of location on the mechanics of AC.
Implementation of Evidence Based Medicine in dietetic practice: current status and hurdles in Italy
Authors: Carnaroli Licia , Martini Matteo , Taranto Mariateresa Di , Bilò M.Beatrice 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Health professionals, including dietitians, should adapt their clinical daily practice to Evidence Based Practice (EBP), but this does not happen often in daily practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the current status and barriers of EBP among dietitians.
Methods
This was a mixed-method, cross-sectional, national study (questionnaire and focus group) performed on working and registered dietitians, both self-employed and employed by public hospitals. The main outcomes were EBP knowledge, frequency of use, and proficiency scores. Barriers to EBP implementation were also collected, as well as qualitative information from the focus group.
Results
Forty-three dietitians were enrolled from August to November 2021 in Italy. Overall, EBP knowledge was moderate/good. Younger dietitians (< 50 years old) obtained better results than the older colleagues. A similar trend was observed in terms of seniority. It was shown a discrepancy between EBP knowledge and perception of EBP implementation: the worst scores were obtained by participants who claimed an already complete integration of EBP. Average frequency of EBP use was moderate, with higher scores in dietitians ≥ 50 years old and with seniority ≥ 20 years. EBP proficiency instead was poor. The focus group revealed lack of time and resistance to change as the main barriers.
Conclusion:
The importance of EBP is well-acknowledged, but it is not correctly implemented yet, because of identified barriers that need to be fixed. These barriers include lack of dedicated time, inadequate EBP training, and resistance to change, especially in hierarchical environments.
Bats, Bacteria and Bat Smell V.2.0: Repeatable Sex-specific Differences in Scent Organ Microbiota
Authors: Maraci Öncü , Antonatou-Papaioannou Anna , Jünemann Sebastian , Schneeberger Karin , Schulze Michael , Scheffler Ingo , Caspers Barbara A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:Reproducibility is a fundamental principle in science, ensuring reliable and valid findings. However, replication studies are scarce, particularly in ecology, due to the emphasis on novelty for publication. We explored the possibility of replicating original findings in the field of microbial and chemical ecology by conducting a conceptual replication of a previous study analysing the sex-specific differences in the microbial communities inhabiting the wing sacs, a scent organ with crucial functions in olfactory communication, of greater sac-winged bat (Saccopteryx bilineata). In the original study, the skin swabs from the antebrachial wing sacs of the males and wing sac rudiments of the females were collected and analysed using culture-dependent methods to test sex-specific differences. The authors demonstrated that males have lower microbial richness and different microbial composition than females. Recent molecular techniques offer improved accuracy in pinpointing microbial members than culture-dependent methods because only a limited proportion of the symbiotic microbiota is cultivable. For this reason, we attempted to reproduce these findings using 16s rRNA sequencing and advanced statistical methods.Results:Our study corroborated the original study's findings: Males had a lower microbial richness, and the community composition differed between the sexes. Furthermore, in the current study, males had an increased abundance of bacteria that might potentially be involved in odour production and degradation of malodorous substances and antimicrobial production.Conclusions:Our conceptual replication study on the wing-sac microbiota ofS. bilineatavalidated the original findings, corroborating that microbes can play a role in shaping their host's olfactory phenotype and consequently influence sexual selection. Furthermore, the current study emphasises the importance of replication efforts and hopefully encourages a culture that values replication studies in scientific practice.
Retinal thickness and antidepressants
Authors: Lehrer Steven , Danias George , Danias John , Rheinstein Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Depression is associated with synaptic pruning in the brain. Antidepressants reverse this process. Synaptic pruning can be inferred by measuring retinal thickness with ocular coherence tomography (OCT). With data from UK Biobank, we have done a cross-sectional study comparing retinal thickness in patients on antidepressants.
Methods
OCT measurements are from UK Biobank category 10016, retinal optical coherence tomography. OCT was performed with the TOPCON 3D OCT 1000 Mk2. Antidepressant medication record is from UK Biobank Data-Field 20003, medications. Information on prolonged depression is from Data-Field 20446, category depression, mental health, online follow up. Question asked: "Have you ever had a time in your life when you felt sad, blue, or depressed for two weeks or more in a row?" We computed mean macular thickness of four regions in each eye: macular thickness at the inner inferior subfield, macular thickness at the inner nasal subfield, macular thickness at the inner superior subfield, and macular thickness at the inner temporal subfield.
Results
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclics were associated with thinner retinas. The Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor SNRI venlafaxine does not affect retinal thickness. Subjects taking venlafaxine had retinal thickness that was not significantly different from subjects not taking antidepressants.
Conclusion
Patients are most likely to drop out of SSRI therapy due to decreased visual acuity. Our finding that SNRIs do not affect retinal thickness suggests that these dropout patients might do well on SNRIs.
A ferroptosis-related gene signature and immune infiltration for predicting the lymph node metastasis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shen Yi , Zheng Qiangqiang , Che Guowei , Chen Longqi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background The lymph node metastasis of LUAD is a pivotal factor leading to late TNM staging and poor prognosis. Ferroptosis plays a key role in promoting cancer cell death and immunotherapy. However, the roles of FRGs in lymph node metastasis and immunity of LUAD remain unclear.
Methods LUAD patients obtained from TCGA database were divided into lymph node metastasis group and non-lymph node metastasis group, and differential analysis was performed to screen lymph node metastasis-related FRGs. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to construct a prediction model of FGRs. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and ROC curves were performed to verify the validity of model. The CIBERSOFT method was used to study the degree and prognostic value of immune cells in different groups.
Results The gene expression profiles of 301 LUAD samples without lymph node metastasis and 153 LUAD samples with lymph node metastasis obtained from the TCGA database were analyzed, 90 FRGs were obtained. Univariate analysis showed that 15 FRGs were significantly associated with OS in LUAD. Subsequently, we used multivariate Cox regression analysis to build a 9-FRGs model associated with LUAD survival, including CISD1, DDIT4, DECR1, IL33, PEBP1, PHKG2, PPP1R13L, SLC7A5 and VDAC2. The samples were divided into low-risk and high-risk subgroups. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed better OS in the low-risk group. The ROC curve showed that this signature performed well in predicting OS. Finally, we systematically analyzed differences in immune infiltration profiles between high-risk and low-risk samples. We found that resting mast cells and resting memory CD4 T cells showed higher infiltration in low-risk group than in high-risk group, but M0 macrophages, activated mast cells and follicular helper T cells tended to infiltrate in high-risk group, and there were certain associations between above 5 TIICs with the risk scores and above 9 FGRs, and the high infiltration of activated mast cells was an adverse prognostic factor of LUAD.
Conclusion We constructed a novel 9-FRGs model that could serve as a potential therapeutic target for lymph node metastasis in LUAD. Targeting FRGs seems to be an alternative to clinical therapy for lymph node metastasis of LUAD.
Evidence of Brain Target Engagement in Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis by the Investigational Nanomedicine, CNM-Au8, in the REPAIR Phase 2 Clinical Trials
Authors: Ren Jimin , Dewey III Richard B. , Rynders Austin , Evan Jacob , Evan Jeremy , Ligozio Shelia , Ho Karen S. , Sguigna Peter V. , Glanzman Robert , Hotchkin Michael T. , Dewey Richard B. , Greenberg Benjamin M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Impaired brain energy metabolism has been observed in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). In both diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction and energetic impairment can lead to neuronal dysfunction and death. CNM-Au8® is a suspension of faceted, clean-surfaced gold nanocrystals that catalytically improves energetic metabolism in CNS cells, supporting neuroprotection and remyelination as demonstrated in multiple independent preclinical models. The objective of the Phase 2 REPAIR-MS and REPAIR-PD clinical trials was to investigate the effects of CNM-Au8, administered orally once daily for twelve or more weeks, on brain phosphorous-containing energy metabolite levels in participants with diagnoses of relapsing MS or idiopathic PD, respectively.
Results
Brain metabolites were measured using 7-Tesla 31P-MRS in two disease cohorts, 11 participants with stable relapsing MS and 13 participants with PD (n = 24 evaluable post-baseline scans). Compared to pre-treatment baseline, the mean NAD+/NADH ratio in the brain, a measure of energetic capacity, was significantly increased by 10.4% after 12 + weeks of treatment with CNM-Au8 (0.584 units, SD: 1.3; p = 0.037, paired t-test) in prespecified analyses of the combined treatment cohorts. Each disease cohort concordantly demonstrated increases in the NAD+/NADH ratio but did not reach significance individually (p = 0.11 and p = 0.14, PD and MS cohorts, respectively). Significant treatment effects were also observed for secondary and exploratory imaging outcomes, including β-ATP and phosphorylation potential across both cohorts.
Conclusions
Our results demonstrate brain target engagement of CNM-Au8 as a direct modulator of brain energy metabolism, and support the further investigation of CNM-Au8 as a potential disease modifying drug for PD and MS.
Coitus induced Colpo Evisceration in a 3-Months Post Hysterectomy Patient. An Unusual Tale in Gynaecology
Authors: Ramírez Fernando Pérez , Almenares Urbanel , Byonanuwe Simon , Fajardo Yarine , Hakizimana Theoneste , Suárez Adolfo Luis Malcolm , Torres Llanelys de los Ángeles Guerra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Vaginal dehiscence after pelvic surgery is an extremely rare gynaecological emergency world over. Without a high index of suspicion, it can easily be missed with grave consequences. We present an extremely rare case of this post abdominal hysterectomy case for which if immediate suspicion and timely intervention were not ensured, the patient would have suffered serious morbidity and/or death.
Evaluation of the clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Iran via the guideline appraisal with AGREE II
Authors: Ahangar Reza Mohseni , Ebrahimi Pouyan , Pakdaman Kimia , Ghanei Mostafa , Ghazvini Ali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Guidelines are systematically developed. They are compiled by analyzing the available knowledge, and the country's situation and conditions that will enable health service providers to make the most appropriate decision for patients in different situations. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical guidelines for diagnosing and treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Iran. Methods In this descriptive-analytical study, four experienced evaluators independently reviewed the AGREE II tool for Iran's NSCLC treatment and diagnosis guidelines, and at the end, for each of the items and in general, using the scaled domain score, we reviewed the quality and value of this guideline. "Highly recommended" refers to a standardized score of 50% in all areas. "Recommended with changes" refers to a standardized score of 50% in the overall assessment. Guideline that did not achieve a standardized score of 50% or more were designated as "not recommended." Results In the review of NSCLC diagnosis and treatment guidelines in Iran using the AGREE II tool, which revealed the following items related to the evaluated domains: In the scope and purpose, the standardized score is 70.8%, the stakeholder involvement is 75%, the rigor of development is 35.7%, the clarity of presentation is 83.3%, the applicability is 45.8%, and the editorial independence is 62.5%. Conclusions It takes considerable time and resources to develop, compile, and update quality guidelines. The development of guidelines in Iran has received much attention in recent years. According to this study, some changes should be made to the guideline for treating non-small cell lung cancer.
Modelling and Quantifying The Impact of Photobiomodulation (PBM) on Biological Processes Relevant to Lymphangiogenesis, Anti-Inflammation, and Tissue Regeneration processes
Authors: Jibawi Abdullah 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a promising method for treating lymphoedema. It has proven effects on lymphangiogenesis and tissue repair. The effects however remain hard to quantify and the dose needed for effective treatment remains unknown.
OBJECTIVES: to perform a meta-analysis of data from studies measuring PBM effect on biological tissues compared to placebo, and to quantify the biological changes identified in tissues commonly involved in the disease process of lymphoedema.
METHODS: We systematically reviewed studies (PBM vs. Placebo), performed feature scaling to normalize values, obtained PBM parameters and modelled the relationship between effect size and time of therapy. We quantified the effect of PBM on multiple molecular processes such as cellular ROS production, intracellular NO production, and intracellular ATP. We used Bayesian linear regression modelling and used a feedforward neural network to model the effect of PBM.
RESULTS: Some 209 individual measurements were included from 8 large comparison studies. When standardised, the effect of applying PBM therapy follows a multiphasic pattern. PBM has an average enhancement capability of 176.7% (standard error of mean – SE: 9.6%). There is a significant correlation between timing of PBM application and effect measured (p < .001). Regression analysis using ANOVA statistics shows significant correlation between time and degree effect (p < .001). fNN construction was achievable with 7 hidden layers and 37 nodes, resulting in a validation MSE of 1.23 and an R2 of 0.081.
CONCLUSION: PBM effect can be quantified with a high level of repeatability. Better standardised treatment protocols are achievable.
Economic Policy Uncertaity and Exchange Market Pressure: Panel Evidence
Authors: Gilal Muhammad Akram , Nizamani Abdul Rehman , Khushik Ali Gul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Controlling for macroeconomic indicators and trade openness, this study examined the impact of economic policy uncertainty on exchange market pressure for a panel of 25 countries from 2003Q2 to 2021Q3. The pooled mean group estimator, which allows for variation in short-run estimates and error variances but constrains long-run parameters to be the same, was employed to conduct the analysis. The overall panel was further split into developed, developing, and emerging economies panels to check if there was variation in the effect of economic policy uncertainty. The results indicate the presence of long-run relationships among the variables for all panels. Economic policy uncertainty has a significant positive effect on the exchange market pressure of the overall panel and panel of developed, developing, and emerging economies. However, there is variation in the effect of economic policy uncertainty. It has a larger effect on the exchange market pressure of developed and emerging economies than on their developed counterparts. Other variables relevant in explaining exchange market pressure are gross domestic product for the overall panel and consumer price index, domestic credit, gross domestic product, real exchange rate, and trade openness for developing and emerging economies.