bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Article 10bis of the Paris Convention as the common denominator for protection against unfair competition in national and regional contexts
Authors: Senftleben Martin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article explains the historical development of Article 10bis of the Paris Convention and discusses core concepts underlying the international provision, in particular, the overarching requirement of honest practices in industrial or commercial matters, the question of a competitive relationship and the examples of unfair practices given in Article 10bis. It also sheds light on guidance following from the Model Provisions on Protection Against Unfair Competition which the World Intellectual Property Organization presented in 1996. The analysis shows that the honest practices test need not be understood in a traditional, empirical sense. More modern, functional approaches can be adopted to align the application of Article 10bis with a broader spectrum of policy goals: not only fair play between competitors but also consumer protection and the general public interest in a well-functioning marketplace. Similarly, the requirement of a competitive relationship need not focus on direct competition in the same market segment. An indirect competitive relationship can be deemed sufficient. While the prohibited acts listed in Article 10bis(3) reflect central categories of unfair behaviour and harm, current developments and challenges—ranging from computational advertising, influencer marketing and product recommender systems to questions surrounding data exclusivity and sustainability issues—raise the question whether an update and enrichment of the catalogue of prohibited acts could be necessary to provide guidance at the international level.
Ethyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl) acetate attenuates the malignant biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer via suppressing EGFR/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Zou Liyi , Li Xiaodan , Lin Jiansuo , Fang Xuehong , Lin Jie , Zhang Lu , Zhang Yan , Liang Yanwen , Ren Jianwei , Liu Yi , Huang Zunnan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
The goal of the study is to examine the impact on the malignant biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of a novel coumarin derivative, ethyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl) acetate (C2F). It also aims to define its underlying mechanism.

Methods
NSCLC cell lines and xenograft nude mice model were conducted to explore the anti-NSCLC effects of C2F in vitro and in vivo. Then, network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking were applied to estimate the possible targets of C2F in NSCLC. Finally, the underlying mechanism of C2F against NSCLC cellular proliferation and tumor development was confirmed using inhibitors or activators of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Results
Our results showed that C2F was able to inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cell lines, induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro, and prevent tumor growth in vivo. In addition, the estimated glomerular filtration rate and its downstream pathway (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) were found to be critical for the anti-NSCLC activity of C2F.

Conclusions
C2F inhibits malignant biological behaviors of NSCLC by suppressing EGFR/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Recent advances in understanding the role of two mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades in plant immunity
Authors: Wu Guangheng , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/MPK) cascade is an important intercellular signaling module that regulates plant growth, development, reproduction, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. A MAPK cascade usually consists of a MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK/MEKK), a MAPK kinase (MAPKK/MKK/MEK), and a MAPK. The well-characterized MAPK cascades in plant immunity to date are the MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 cascade and the MAPKKK3/4/5-MKK4/5-MPK3/6 cascade. Recently, major breakthroughs have been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with the regulation of immune signaling by both of these MAPK cascades. In this review, we highlight the most recent advances in understanding the role of both MAPK cascades in activating plant defense and in suppressing or fine-tuning immune signaling. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms by which plants stabilize and maintain the activation of MAPK cascades during immune signaling. Based on this review, we reveal the complexity and importance of the MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 cascade and the MAPKKK3/4/5-MKK4/5-MPK3/6 cascade, which are tightly controlled by their interacting partners or substrates, in plant immunity.
SOG1 and BRCA1 Interdependently Regulate RAD54 Expression for Repairing Salinity-Induced DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Arabidopsis
Authors: Mahapatra Kalyan , Roy Sujit 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
As sessile organisms, land plants experience various forms of environmental stresses throughout their life span. Therefore, plants have developed extensive and complicated defense mechanisms, including a robust DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair systems for maintaining genome integrity. In Arabidopsis, the NAC [NO APICAL MERISTEM (NAM), ARABIDOPSIS TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATION FACTOR (ATAF), CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC)] domain family transcription factor SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RESPONSE 1 (SOG1) plays an important role in regulating DDR. Here, we show that SOG1 plays a key role in regulating the repair of salinity-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via the homologous recombination (HR) pathway in Arabidopsis. The sog1-1 mutant seedlings display a considerably slower rate of repair of salinity-induced DSBs. Accumulation of SOG1 protein increases in wild-type Arabidopsis under salinity stress, and it enhances the expression of HR pathway–related genes, including RAD51, RAD54 and BReast CAncer gene 1 (BRCA1), respectively, as found in SOG1 overexpression lines. SOG1 binds specifically to the AtRAD54 promoter at the 5ʹ-(N)4GTCAA(N)3C-3ʹ consensus sequence and positively regulates its expression under salinity stress. The phenotypic responses of sog1-1/atrad54 double mutants suggest that SOG1 functions upstream of RAD54, and both these genes are essential in regulating DDR under salinity stress. Furthermore, SOG1 interacts directly with BRCA1, an important component of the HR-mediated DSB repair pathway in plants, where BRCA1 appears to facilitate the binding of SOG1 to the RAD54 promoter. At the genetic level, SOG1 and BRCA1 function interdependently in modulating RAD54 expression under salinity-induced DNA damage. Together, our results suggest that SOG1 regulates the repair of salinity-induced DSBs via the HR-mediated pathway through genetic interactions with RAD54 and BRCA1 in Arabidopsis.
Dynamic conformational changes of a tardigrade group-3 late embryogenesis abundant protein modulate membrane biophysical properties
Authors: Li Xiao-Han , Yu Conny W H , Gomez-Navarro Natalia , Stancheva Viktoriya , Zhu Hongni , Murthy Andal , Wozny Michael , Malhotra Ketan , Johnson Christopher M , Blackledge Martin , Santhanam Balaji , Liu Wei , Huang Jinqing , Freund Stefan M V , Miller Elizabeth A , Babu M Madan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A number of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) encoded in stress-tolerant organisms, such as tardigrade, can confer fitness advantage and abiotic stress tolerance when heterologously expressed. Tardigrade-specific disordered proteins including the cytosolic-abundant heat-soluble proteins are proposed to confer stress tolerance through vitrification or gelation, whereas evolutionarily conserved IDPs in tardigrades may contribute to stress tolerance through other biophysical mechanisms. In this study, we characterized the mechanism of action of an evolutionarily conserved, tardigrade IDP, HeLEA1, which belongs to the group-3 late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein family. HeLEA1 homologs are found across different kingdoms of life. HeLEA1 is intrinsically disordered in solution but shows a propensity for helical structure across its entire sequence. HeLEA1 interacts with negatively charged membranes via dynamic disorder-to-helical transition, mainly driven by electrostatic interactions. Membrane interaction of HeLEA1 is shown to ameliorate excess surface tension and lipid packing defects. HeLEA1 localizes to the mitochondrial matrix when expressed in yeast and interacts with model membranes mimicking inner mitochondrial membrane. Yeast expressing HeLEA1 shows enhanced tolerance to hyperosmotic stress under nonfermentative growth and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Evolutionary analysis suggests that although HeLEA1 homologs have diverged their sequences to localize to different subcellular organelles, all homologs maintain a weak hydrophobic moment that is characteristic of weak and reversible membrane interaction. We suggest that such dynamic and weak protein–membrane interaction buffering alterations in lipid packing could be a conserved strategy for regulating membrane properties and represent a general biophysical solution for stress tolerance across the domains of life.
Utilizing generative conversational artificial intelligence to create simulated patient encounters: a pilot study for anaesthesia training
Authors: Sardesai Neil , Russo Paolo , Martin Jonathan , Sardesai Anand 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose of the study
Generative conversational artificial intelligence (AI) has huge potential to improve medical education. This pilot study evaluated the possibility of using a ‘no-code’ generative AI solution to create 2D and 3D virtual avatars, that trainee doctors can interact with to simulate patient encounters.

Methods
The platform ‘Convai’ was used to create a virtual patient avatar, with a custom backstory, to test the feasibility of this technique. The virtual patient model was set up to allow trainee anaesthetists to practice answering questions that patients’ may have about interscalene nerve blocks for open reduction and internal fixation surgery. This tool was provided to anaesthetists to receive their feedback and evaluate the feasibility of this approach.

Results
Fifteen anaesthetists were surveyed after using the tool. The tool had a median score [interquartile range (IQR)] of 9 [7–10] in terms of how intuitive and user-friendly it was, and 8 [7–10] in terms of accuracy in simulating patient responses and behaviour. Eighty-seven percent of respondents felt comfortable using the model.

Conclusions
By providing trainees with realistic scenarios, this technology allows trainees to practice answering patient questions regardless of actor availability, and indeed from home. Furthermore, the use of a ‘no-code’ platform allows clinicians to create customized training tools tailored to their medical specialties. While overall successful, this pilot study highlighted some of the current drawbacks and limitations of generative conversational AI, including the risk of outputting false information. Additional research and fine-tuning are required before generative conversational AI tools can act as a substitute for actors and peers.
Exploring the unifying concept of spondyloarthritis: a latent class analysis of the REGISPONSER registry
Authors: Michelena Xabier , Sepriano Alexandre , Zhao Sizheng Steven , López-Medina Clementina , Collantes-Estévez Eduardo , Font-Ugalde Pilar , Juanola Xavier , Marzo-Ortega Helena 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of our study was to identify the potential distinct phenotypes within a broad SpA population.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using the REGISPONSER registry, which has data from 31 specialist centres in Spain, including patients with SpA who have fulfilled the ESSG criteria. A latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify the latent classes underlying SpA according to a set of predefined clinical and radiographic features, independently of expert opinion.

Results
In a population of 2319 SpA patients, a five-classes LCA model yielded the best fit. Classes named ‘Axial with spine involvement’ and ‘Axial with isolated SI joint involvement’ showed a primarily axial SpA phenotype defined by inflammatory back pain and high HLA-B27 prevalence. Patients in class ‘Axial + peripheral’ showed a similar distribution of manifest variables to previous classes but also had a higher likelihood of peripheral involvement (peripheral arthritis/dactylitis) and enthesitis, therefore representing a mixed (axial and peripheral) subtype. Classes ‘Peripheral + psoriasis’ and ‘Axial + peripheral + psoriasis’ were indicative of peripheral SpA (and/or PsA) with high likelihood of psoriasis, peripheral involvement, dactylitis, nail disease, and low HLA-B27 prevalence, while class ‘Axial + peripheral + psoriasis’ also exhibited increased probability of axial involvement both clinically and radiologically.

Conclusion
The identification of five latent classes in the REGISPONSER registry with significant overlap between axial and peripheral phenotypes is concordant with a unifying concept of SpA. Psoriasis and related features (nail disease and dactylitis) influenced the phenotype of both axial and peripheral manifestations.
Phylogenetic analysis of Acanthamoeba isolated from soil samples and nasal cavities of patients with malignancy: a public health concern in the northwest of Iran
Authors: Pezeshki Ali , Tajic Shadi , Farahmandian Parvin , Haniloo Ali , Mahmmodzadeh Abbas , Niyyati Maryam , Behniafar Hamed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The genus Acanthamoeba is reported from various environmental sources and can cause multiple complications, including chronic amoebic aeratitis and amoebic granulomatous encephalitis. This study investigated the presence and genotyping of Acanthamoeba in the soil of parks and patients with malignancies referred to health centers in Zanjan city, Iran.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 200 soil samples were collected from amusement parks in Zanjan city from September 2017 to May 2018. Samples were cultured on 1.5% non-nutrient agar, and the Acanthamoeba genus was identified using the morphological method. PCR was performed on all positive environmental samples, and six microscopically positive clinical samples belonged to our previous study. DNA sequencing of 18S rRNA was performed to analyze the genetic pattern of some PCR-positive isolates.

Results
Microscopic results showed that 96 (48%) soil samples were positive. PCR confirmed all positive cases of clinical samples and 84 soil samples. Out of the PCR-positive samples, 20 soil samples and five clinical samples were sequenced successfully. All soil isolates belonged to the T4 genotype, and three and two clinical samples belonged to T4 and T5 genotypes, respectively.

Conclusion
: The presence of Acanthamoeba in both the environment and clinical samples of Zanjan city suggests paying greater attention to the infections caused by it.
Task sharing for the management of leprosy by nurses in a tertiary healthcare setting of Northern India
Authors: Pratibha  , Kavita  , Mehta Hitaishi , Narang Tarun , Singh Shubhmohan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in managing leprosy due to a shortage of dermatologists and other healthcare professionals.

Methods
A total of 100 leprosy patients were divided into experimental (n=50) and control groups (n=50). The intervention included face-to-face counseling by a trained nurse, motivational videos and exercise demonstrations. The control group received standard care. The primary outcome of interest was treatment adherence (Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale); other assessed outcomes included changes in perceived stigma (Stigma Assessment and Reduction of Impact scale), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder seven-item) and quality of life (WHO QOL–BREF Scale) from baseline to week 8.

Results
The intervention group had better treatment adherence (p&lt;0.001). At baseline, moderately severe and severe depression prevalence was 18% and 28%, respectively, and anxiety was 25%, with no intergroup differences. Anxiety significantly decreased in the intervention group (p&lt;0.001), but depression remained similar (p=0.291). Perceived stigma improved notably, especially in disclosure of concern (p&lt;0.001), internal stigma (p&lt;0.001) and anticipated stigma (p&lt;0.001). Quality of life scores improved in the intervention group vs controls.

Conclusion
Nurse-led interventions effectively enhanced quality of life and treatment adherence and reduced anxiety, depression and perceived stigma among leprosy patients. The study recommends strengthening the capacity of nurses for active involvement in leprosy care.
From the dark side of paradise: a new natural replication of cave planthopper evolution from Hawaiian lava tubes (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae)
Authors: Hoch Hannelore , Porter Megan L , Slay Christy M , Slay Michael E , Steck Mireille , Chong Rebecca A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Hawaiian Islands are known to harbour a rich and diverse fauna of troglobionts (obligate subterranean species). To date, 74 obligate cavernicolous arthropod species have been documented from across the main Hawaiian islands, the majority of which were from Hawaiʻi Island, and mostly from lava tubes of Kilauea volcano, the youngest volcano on the island. A recent bioinventory of the Kipuka Kanohina lava tube system on the south-western side of Mauna Loa volcano revealed the existence of previously unknown cave-adapted species. Among them is the first cave-adapted species of the planthopper genus Iolania, Iolania frankanstonei Hoch & Porter sp. nov. Morphological and molecular data suggest that the species is closely related to the epigean (i.e. surface-dwelling) species Iolania perkinsi, which occurs in surface environments on Hawaiʻi Island. Thus, parapatric speciation is assumed, further corroborating the assumption that adaptive shifts are the major evolutionary patterns underlying the evolution of troglobionts on young oceanic islands.
Palliative Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Lenington Kathryn , Dudding Katherine M. , Fazeli Pariya L. , Dick Tracey , Patrician Patricia 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Although the concepts of uncertainty and anticipated loss have been explored in a variety of contexts, advances in genetic testing and life-sustaining technology rendered changes in the care of medically complex infants. The separate concepts no longer have the descriptive power to clarify new phenomena endured by parents in the changing neonatal landscape. A current concept analysis examining uncertainty in anticipated loss is necessary to generate knowledge concurrently with deviations observed in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Purpose:
To explore the concept of uncertainty in anticipated loss among parents of infants with genetic disorders.

Methods:
Following Rodgers' method of concept analysis, the concept was named, surrogate terms, antecedents, attributes, and consequences were identified from the literature, and a model case was constructed. The databases CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO were used to conduct the literature search.

Results:
Fifteen articles provided the data for this analysis. Uncertainty in anticipated loss is a complex, nonlinear, and multifaceted experience anteceded by an ultimately terminal diagnosis, an ambiguous prognosis, and a lack of clear knowledge to guide treatment. Its attributes include a loss of control, assumptive world remodeling, role/identity confusion, and prolonged emotional complexity that consequently leads to a cyclical pattern of positive and negative outcomes.

Implications:
This newly defined concept empowers neonatal nurses to provide care that includes a holistic understanding of the experience of uncertainty in anticipated loss. Nurses are ideally positioned and have the responsibility to utilize this concept to become better advocates for infants and facilitators of parental wellness.
Improving Outcomes in Mechanically Ventilated Adult ICU Patients Following Implementation of the ICU Liberation (ABCDEF) Bundle Across a Large Healthcare System
Authors: Barr Juliana , Downs Brenda , Ferrell Ken , Talebian Mojdeh , Robinson Seth , Kolodisner Liesl , Kendall Heather , Holdych Janet 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To measure how the ICU Liberation Bundle (aka ABCDEF Bundle or the Bundle) affected clinical outcomes in mechanically ventilated (MV) adult ICU patients, as well as bundle sustainability and spread across a healthcare system.

DESIGN:
We conducted a multicenter, prospective, cohort observational study to measure bundle performance versus patient outcomes and sustainability in 11 adult ICUs at six community hospitals. We then prospectively measured bundle spread and performance across the other 28 hospitals of the healthcare system.

SETTING:
A large community-based healthcare system.

PATIENTS:
In 11 study ICUs, we enrolled 1,914 MV patients (baseline n = 925, bundle performance/outcomes n = 989), 3,019 non-MV patients (baseline n = 1,323, bundle performance/outcomes n = 1,696), and 2,332 MV patients (bundle sustainability). We enrolled 9,717 MV ICU patients in the other 28 hospitals to assess bundle spread.

INTERVENTIONS:
We used evidence-based strategies to implement the bundle in all 34 hospitals.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
We compared outcomes for the 12-month baseline and bundle performance periods. Bundle implementation reduced ICU length of stay (LOS) by 0.5 days (p = 0.02), MV duration by 0.6 days (p = 0.01), and ICU LOS greater than or equal to 7 days by 18.1% (p < 0.01). Performance period bundle compliance was compared with the preceding 3-month baseline compliance period. Compliance with pain management and spontaneous awakening trial (SAT) and spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) remained high, and reintubation rates remained low. Sedation assessments increased (p < 0.01) and benzodiazepine sedation use decreased (p < 0.01). Delirium assessments increased (p = 0.02) and delirium prevalence decreased (p = 0.02). Patient mobilization and ICU family engagement did not significantly improve. Bundle element sustainability varied. SAT/SBT compliance dropped by nearly half, benzodiazepine use remained low, sedation and delirium monitoring and management remained high, and patient mobility and family engagement remained low. Bundle compliance in ICUs across the healthcare system exceeded that of study ICUs.

CONCLUSIONS:
The ICU Liberation Bundle improves outcomes in MV adult ICU patients. Evidence-based implementation strategies improve bundle performance, spread, and sustainability across large healthcare systems.