bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection mimicking a spinal cord tumor
Authors: Petjom Supinda , Chaiwun Benjaporn , Settakorn Jongkolnee , Visrutaratna Pannee , Rangdaeng Samreung , Thorner Paul S. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAngiostrongylus cantonensis is the most common cause of eosinophilic meningitis and meningoencephalitis. Almost all cases are self‐limiting and are diagnosed by cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay; pathology reports are restricted to postmortem samples from lethal cases. We report on what we believe is the first case of A. cantonensis infection diagnosed by biopsy in a living patient. The spinal cord was biopsied because of the unusual clinical presentation of a myelopathy without meningeal symptoms, together with a mass lesion that was clinically and radiologically diagnosed as a spinal cord tumor.
Preferential loss of paternal 19q, but not 1p, alleles in oligodendrogliomas
Authors: Sanson Marc , Leuraud Pascal , Marie Yannick , Delattre Jean‐Yves , Hoang‐Xuan Khê 
Published: October 2002

AbstractPortions of chromosomes 1p and 19q, which are frequently deleted in oligodendrogliomas, are subject to genomic imprinting, suggesting that the putative tumor suppressor genes could be monoallelically expressed. The parental origins of 1p and 19q allele losses were determined in 6 cases of pure oligodendroglioma. An equilibrated parental loss (3 maternal and 3 paternal) was found for 1p deletions. In contrast, 19q deletions always occurred on the paternal copy (p = 0.015). In this setting, a cloning strategy based on a search for homozygous deletion or mutation of the remaining allele would be appropriate for identifying the tumor suppressor gene located on 1p but inappropriate for identifying the presumably monoallelically expressed tumor suppressor gene located on 19q.
Selective loss of cholinergic sudomotor fibers causes anhidrosis in Ross syndrome
Authors: Sommer Claudia , Lindenlaub Thies , Zillikens Detlef , Toyka Klaus V. , Naumann Markus 
Published: October 2002

AbstractRoss syndrome consists of segmental hyperhidrosis with widespread anhidrosis, Adie syndrome, and areflexia. The cause of this disorder is unknown. Selective degeneration of cholinergic fibers or of neural crest–derived structures has been suggested. We present clinical and skin biopsy data of 4 patients, providing evidence of reduced cholinergic sweat gland innervation in hypohidrotic skin by morphometric analysis. These findings indicate a selective degenerative process of the cholinergic sudomotor neurons.
Normokalemic periodic paralysis revisited: Does it exist?
Authors: Chinnery Patrick F. , Walls Timothy J. , Hanna Michael G. , Bates David , Fawcett Peter R. W. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractNormokalemic periodic paralysis (normoKPP) is well established in the literature, but there are doubts as to whether it exists as a discrete entity. Retrospective clinical and molecular analysis has confirmed suspicions that most normoKPP families actually have a variant of hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (hyperKPP) due to a mutation of the muscle‐specific sodium channel gene (SCN4A). However, the original normoKPP family described by Poskanzer and Kerr (Poskanzer DC, Kerr DNS. A third type of periodic paralysis, with normokalemia and favourable response to sodium chloride. Am J Med 1961;31:328–342) has remained unchallenged. We identified the Met1592Val mutation of SCN4A in an affected descendent of this original normoKPP family. This is the final piece in the puzzle: normoKPP is actually a variant of hyperKPP and is not a distinct disorder.
Novel antibodies to synuclein show abundant striatal pathology in Lewy body diseases
Authors: Duda John E. , Giasson Benoit I. , Mabon Meghann E. , Lee Virginia M.‐Y. , Trojanowski John Q. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIntracytoplasmic inclusions composed of α‐synuclein (α‐syn) are characteristic of neurodegenerative Lewy body disorders. Using novel monoclonal antibodies raised against altered α‐syn, we uncovered an unprecedented and extensive burden of α‐syn pathology in the striatum of Lewy body disorders. The highest density of striatal pathology was observed in patients with a combination of Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies or pure dementia with Lewy bodies, and these α‐syn aggregates may contribute to the parkinsonism seen in these disorders.
Swelling kinetics of a hydrogel of poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(acrylamide‐co‐styrene)
Authors: Bajpai A. K. , Shrivastava Mudita 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA hydrogel incorporating the hydrophilic polymer poly(ethylene glycol) and a copolymer of acrylamide and styrene was synthesized, and the dynamics of the water‐sorption process were studied. The effects of the composition of the hydrogel and the temperature of the swelling medium were investigated with respect to the water‐sorption characteristics of the hydrogel, and the kinetic parameters, including the swelling exponent and diffusion constant, were evaluated. The hydrogel was also judged for the antithrombogenic property of its surface. The experimental findings were explained on the basis of the core–shell polymeric structure of the hydrogel. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1419–1428, 2002
Grafting of cyclodextrins onto polypropylene nonwoven fabrics for the manufacture of reactive filters. III. Study of the sorption properties
Authors: Martel Bernard , Le Thuaut Philippe , Bertini Sabrina , Crini Grégorio , Bacquet Maryse , Torri Giangiacomo , Morcellet Michel 
Published: October 2002

AbstractPolypropylene nonwoven supports carrying α‐, β‐, and γ‐cyclodextrins (CDs) were synthezised. The synthesis consisted of grafting glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto the fibers and reacting CDs with epoxide groups in the second step. This article concerns the sorption capacity of these supports toward organic pollutant models of 2‐naphtol, 4‐nitrophenol, pentachlorophenol, and (2,4‐dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid in static (batch) or dynamic (filtration) conditions. The results confirmed that the grafting of CDs onto the supports gave them their specific sorption properties. Besides, it was observed that the best performances were attained when the GMA add‐on was in the range of 76–113 % wt and the CD content was 87–118 μmol/g. We also evidenced that the interactions between the organic substrates and the filter occurred through specific interactions with CDs (host–guest inclusion compounds) and that to a lesser extent, nonspecific sorption phenomena also occurred. The data showed that the affinity between the pollutants with three different grafted CDs was not in agreement with the complex formation constants measured in homogeneous systems. Furthermore, the slow kinetics of exchange between the liquid and solid phases was a limiting factor that should prevent the use of the filters at elevated flow rates. At last, the great advantage of these filters is that they could undergo several cycles of use, thanks to intermediate regeneration steps with water–organic solvent mixtures. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1771–1778, 2002
Grafting of maleic anhydride onto polypropylene by reactive extrusion
Authors: Bettini S. H. P. , Agnelli J. A. M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractMaleic anhydride grafting onto polypropylene was conducted in a twin‐screw extruder according to an experimental design in which the maleic anhydride and peroxide concentrations were varied. The modified polypropylene was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, melt‐flow index measurements, size‐exclusion chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The results showed that only the independent variable peroxide concentration influenced the amount of reacted maleic anhydride, whereas the two variables studied influenced the molecular weight of the grafted polypropylene. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2706–2717, 2002
Preparation and properties of chemical cellulose from ascidian tunic and their regenerated cellulose fibers
Authors: Koo Young‐Seok , Wang Young‐Soo , You Sang‐Hoon , Kim Han‐Do 
Published: October 2002

AbstractChemical cellulose (dissolving pulp) was prepared from ascidian tunic by modified paper‐pulp process (prehydrolysis with acidic aqueous solution of H2SO4, digestion with alkali aqueous solution of NaOH/Na2S, bleaching with aqueous NaOCl solution, and washing with acetone/water). The α‐ cellulose content and the degree of polymerization (DPw) of the chemical cellulose was about 98 wt % and 918, respectively. The Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) whiteness of the chemical cellulose was about 98%. From the X‐ray diffraction patterns and 13C‐NMR spectrum, it was found that the chemical cellulose obtained here has cellulose Iβ crystal structure. A new regenerated cellulose fiber was prepared from the chemical cellulose by dry–wet spinning using N‐methylmorpholine‐ N‐oxide (NMMO)/water (87/13 wt %) as solvent. The new regenerated cellulose fiber prepared in this study has a higher ratio of wet‐to‐dry strength (<0.97) than commercially regenerated cellulose fibers. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1634–1643, 2002.
LDPE/carbon black conductive composites: Influence of radiation crosslinking on PTC and NTC properties
Authors: Xie Hongfeng , Deng Pengyang , Dong Lisong , Sun Jiazhen 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe electrical resistivity of low‐density polyethylene/carbon black composites irradiated by 60Co γ‐rays was investigated as a function of temperature. The experimental results obtained by scanning electron microscopy, solvent extraction techniques, and pressure‐specific volume‐temperature analysis techniques showed that the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) and negative temperature coefficient (NTC) effects of the composites were influenced by the irradiation dose, network forming (gel), and soluble fractions (sol). The NTC effect was effectively eliminated when the radiation dose reached 400 kGy. The results showed that the elimination of the NTC effect was related to the difference in the thermal expansion of the gel and sol regions. The thermal expansion of the sol played an important role in both increasing the PTC intensity and decreasing the NTC intensity at 400 kGy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2742–2749, 2002
Functionalization of sisal fibers and high‐density polyethylene by cold plasma treatment
Authors: Martin Adriana R. , Manolache S. , Denes Ferencz S. , Mattoso Luiz H. C. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractChopped sisal fibers and finely powdered high‐density polyethylene were surface functionalized using dichlorosilane (DS) under radio frequency (RF)‐plasma conditions and characterized by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and fluorescence labeling techniques. A high‐capacity (10 L), rotating, 13.56 MHz, electrodeless plasma installation, specially designed to allow the uniform surface modification of powdery and particulate matter of irregular shape, was used. A three‐factor fractional experimental design was employed to evaluate the effect of RF‐power, pressure, and reaction time on the ESCA‐based relative atomic composition of plasma‐treated samples. It was demonstrated that SiHxCly functionalities are present on plasma‐exposed surfaces and these functionalization reactions can be controlled by selecting proper plasma parameters. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2145–2154, 2002
NMR study of poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/poly(ethylene oxide) blends
Authors: Diniz Teresinha M. F. F. , Tavares Maria I. B. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractDevelopment of polymeric blends has become very important for polymer industries because they have been shown to be successful and versatile alternatives to obtain new polymers. In this work binary blends formed by poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) were studied by solution and solid‐state NMR to determine their physical interaction, homogeneity, and compatibility for use as membranes to separate water/alcohol. The NMR results allowed us to acquire information on the microstructure and molecular dynamic behavior of polymer blends. From the NMR solution it was possible to evaluate the microstructure: PVP presented a preferential syndiotactic distribution sequence and PEO presented two regions, one crystalline and the other amorphous. Considering the solid‐state NMR results it was possible to evaluate the molecular dynamics and all binary blends, showing that PEO behaves as a plasticizer; some intermolecular interaction was also observed. An important point was to evaluate the microstructure of the carbonyl PVP using cross polarization/magic‐angle spinning (CP/MAS) and CP/MAS/dipolar decoupling that was not observed before. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2820–2823, 2002
Morphological parameters in varieties of silk fibers determined by small‐angle X‐ray scattering
Authors: Londono J. David , Annadurai V. , Gopalkrishne Urs R. , Somashekar R. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe small‐angle X‐ray scattering intensity data recorded from silk fibers were compared with the simulated data obtained from a linear paracrystalline model. For this purpose, an exponential distribution function for the amorphous and crystalline phase lengths was used. There are significant changes in phase lengths because of amino acid compositional changes in different families of silk fibers. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2382–2388, 2002
Synthesis of bismaleimide resin containing the poly(ethylene glycol) side chain: Curing behavior and thermal properties
Authors: Chian K. S. , Du X. Y. , Goy H. A. , Feng J. L. , Yi S. , Yue C. Y. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractTwo maleimido end‐capped poly(ethylene glycol) (m‐PEG) of different molecular weights were synthesized and blended at various proportions with bismaleimide resin (4,4′‐bismaleimido diphenylmethane) (BDM). The curing behavior and the thermal properties of the m‐PEG/BDM blends were studied and presented here. It was found that the addition of m‐PEG enhanced the processability of the BDM resin significantly. The processing window of the BDM resin was increased from approximately 20 to 80°C. The addition of m‐PEG modified resins, however, resulted not only in the reduction in the thermal stability of the blended BDM resin but also elevation of the coefficients of thermal expansion. The changes in thermal/mechanical properties of the blends were found to be proportional to the amounts of m‐PEG incorporated. It was observed that the curing behavior, and thermal and mechanical properties, of the blends were independent of the molecular weight of the PEG segment. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2935–2945, 2002
PVA/PAA thermo‐induced hydrogel fiber: Preparation and pH‐sensitive behavior in electrolyte solution
Authors: Fei Jianqi , Zhang Zipeng , Zhong Leilan , Gu Lixia 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe preparation of thermo‐induced hydrogel fibers composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(acrylic acid) is presented. The hydrogel fiber was prepared by extruding the spinning dope from in situ polymerization of acrylic acid in the presence of PVA into a coagulating bath of saturated ammonium sulfate aqueous solution. The network was formed by thermally heating the dried fibers under vacuum. The final hydrogel fibers exhibit pH‐sensitive behavior and show a hysteresis loop in the pH range from 3.0 to 12.0. The pH value, at which the swelling elongation ratio of the fiber had a jump, shifted to a lower value with increasing PAA content within the network. Increasing the heating temperature and time for the fibers, decreased the swelling elongation ratio, and the jump point pH shifted to higher pH value. The oscillatory swelling/contracting behavior of the hydrogel fiber exhibited a good reversible pH‐responsive property. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showed that PVA and PAA have good compatibility and give a relative independent interpenetrating network. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that in the surface of the fibers there were microholes and ditches due to some diffusion of PAA into the coagulating solution. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2423–2430, 2002
Polymerization mechanisms and curing kinetics of novel polymercaptan curing system containing epoxy/nitrogen
Authors: Lü Changli , Cui Zhanchen , Yang Bai , Su Xiaoping , Huo Chengsong , Shen Jiacong 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe bis[3‐(2,3‐epoxypropylthio)phenyl]‐sulfone (BEPTPhS)/trimercaptothioethylamine (TMTEA) system has a self‐catalytic effect and can cure without any other accelerator. The curing kinetics of the BEPTPhS/TMTEA system was studied by means of the dynamic and isothermal differential scanning calorimetry method. The dynamic kinetic parameters were calculated with the aid of the Kissinger and Ozawa methods. The kinetic reaction mechanism in the isothermal reaction of BEPTPhS/TMTEA was shown to follow autocatalytic kinetics. The isothermal kinetic parameters, includingk1,k2,m, andn, from the model proposed by Kamal were determined by fitting the experimental data; a good description of the curing kinetics was obtained, although deviations were observed at low conversions. The Arrhenius kinetic analysis indicated that the activation energy decreased with the increase of the reaction conversion, which indicated a change of the reaction mechanism. The isothermal kinetic analysis and Arrhenius kinetic analysis both demonstrated that the catalytic effect of the nitrogen atom in TMTEA predominated at low conversions and the autocatalytic effect predominated at high conversions. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 000–000, 2002
Inhomogeneous deformation in welded high density polyethylene
Authors: Lu Y. , Shinozaki D. M. , Herbert S. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe effect of the thermal history on the properties of welded high density polyethylene is studied. The lamellar microstructure observed in the weld is different from that in the bulk slow cooled material. The weld has lower crystallinity and smaller lamellar size, both of which change with annealing. The differences in the microstructure between the weld and the surrounding material produce differences in the plastic properties. The low ductility of the welded samples is a direct result of the relatively low yield stress within the weld. Annealing of the weld can improve the tensile properties, but in quenched welds the final properties are still inferior to the bulk material. Displacement controlled, constant velocity microindentation tests are shown to provide a rapid means of evaluating the properties of the weld. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 43–52, 2002
Effect of temperature and span series surfactant on the structure of polysulfone membranes
Authors: Tsai Hui‐An , Ruaan Ruoh‐Chyu , Wang Da‐Ming , Lai Juin‐Yih 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA macrovoid structure was found in polysulfone membranes formed by the wet‐inversion method using N‐methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) and water as the solvent/nonsolvent pair. The addition of Span series surfactants in the casting solution was found to inhibit the macrovoid formation. Sorbitan monooleate (Span‐80) was more effective in inhibiting macrovoids than was sorbitan monolaurate (Span‐20). The phenomenon of macrovoid suppression became more prominent at higher temperature. The cloud‐point shift might account for the temperature effect. But there was no simple explanation for the effect caused by Span‐80. The cloud‐point position, the demixing rate, and the viscosity of the casting solution were measured. None of them could explain the effect of macrovoid inhibition by the addition of Span‐80. However, the penetration test indicated that the penetration of a nonsolvent into a surfactant‐free casting solution was caused by a convective flow, but that into Span‐80 was through diffusion. It was found that the retardation of nonsolvent penetration was the major cause of macrovoid inhibition. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 166–173, 2002
Biodegradable and biocompatible nanocomposites of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) with hydroxyapatite nanocrystals: Thermal and mechanical properties
Authors: Hao Jianyuan , Yuan Minglong , Deng Xianmo 
Published: October 2002

AbstractNanocomposites of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) with hydroxyapatite nanocrystals (HAP) prepared through the solvent‐cast technique were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile tests. Such composites are of great importance to make bone‐like substitutes as HAP nanocrystals have similar composition, morphology, and crystal structure as natural apatite crystals. The TEM micrograph reveals the nanocrystals dispersed homogeneously in the matrix at a microscale level. The solvent‐cast samples commonly show much higher melting points and crystallinity than the melt‐quenched samples, due to a lower undercooling as well as more sufficient time to crystallize. For both cases of samples, the melting point decreases slightly with HAP content while the level of crystallinity attained by the PCL component is not hindered by the nanocrystals. Both the glass transition temperatures and the nonisothermal crystallization temperatures are composition dependent. The tensile modulus increases with increasing HAP content while the yield stress is almost invariant with composition. Theoretical prediction of the modulus based on Halpin–Tsai equations shows excellent agreement with the experimental result. By analysis of the variation in fracture stress and strain with composition, a ductile‐to‐quasi‐brittle transition is revealed to be operative for the nanocomposites, as also can be seen by SEM. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 676–683, 2002
Transcrystallinity effects in high‐density polyethylene. II. Determination of kinetics parameters
Authors: Billon N. , Henaff V. , Haudin J. M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractTranscrystallinity may occur during differential scanning calorimetry analysis at the surfaces of the samples. In such a case, measurements may be unsuitable. We propose simple methods for the determination of intrinsic crystallization data that are accurate for the polymer and for the determination of the nucleating ability of the surfaces. These methods are based on the experimental analysis of the crystallization of samples with different and calibrated thicknesses during experiments at different constant cooling rates. Analysis of thin samples allowed the characterization of transcrystallinity, whereas analysis of at least three samples of different thicknesses allowed us to determine the true crystallization kinetics of the bulk material. These two techniques were independent of each other and were successfully applied to the case of a high‐density polyethylene. The determinations were verified with simple analytical models. A further extension could be the study of the nucleating ability of different substrates. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 734–742, 2002