bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
False-positive results of galactomannan assays in patients administered glucose-containing solutions
Authors: Shin Dong Woo , Cho Jungwon , Choi Kyung Suk , Lee Jungwha , Choi Yunsang , Choi Seong Jin , Kim Sang-A , Moon Song Mi , Kim Eu Suk , Kim Hong Bin , Park Kyoung Un , Hong Yun Ji , Song Kyoung-Ho 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Galactomannan (GM) is a polysaccharide cell wall component released by Aspergillus spp., and an immunoenzymatic GM assay is used for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. We evaluated the cause of strong positivity for GM in patients with no typical signs of aspergillosis. Repeat assays were performed using different instruments and reagent lots, but there were no differences in results among the assays. Patients with strongly positive GM results were investigated. Medication histories revealed that 14 of 23 patients had been administered total parenteral nutrition solution from one manufacturer and 4 patients had been administered dextrose solution from a different manufacturer before being tested. The results of GM assays conducted on samples of dextrose solution and the glucose fraction of the total parenteral nutrition solution were strongly positive, confirming the causes of the false-positive reactions. We hypothesize that a trace amount of GM was introduced into the glucose-containing solutions because glucoamylase, which is necessary for the saccharification step of glucose synthesis, was derived from Aspergillus niger. To enhance patient care and prevent unnecessary antifungal prescriptions, healthcare providers and manufacturers of healthcare products need to be aware of the possibility of false-positive reactions for GM.
Lipomyelomeningocele in a neonate: A case report from Eastern Nepal
Authors: Rayamajhi Anusha , Shrestha Manisha , Yadav Pramodman Singh , Adhikari Pratik , Mehta Binod , Khadka Shuvam , Dahal Alok 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Myelomeningocele is a congenital neural tube defects associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Accounting for more than 80% of all neural defects, this condition requires immediate attention. In this case report, we present a 44-day old male child with the features of lipomyelomeningocele presented to our neurosurgery OPD.
Case presentation: A 44-day old male child presented to the pediatric outpatient with complains of a gradually increasing swelling in the lumbar region since birth. The baby was referred to the Neurosurgery outpatient department due to suspicion of neural tube defects. A lump was present in the posterior aspect of the sacral region covered with an overlying healthy skin, soft on palpation, fluctuant, and measured about 4 cm x 4 x 1 cm. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a focal neural tube defect of 4.9 cm x 4.3 x 1.9 cm at L4, L5, and S1 with tethering of the cord at the L4 level. The patient had a successful repair of the meningocele and later advised on regular follow-up visits.
Conclusion: Our case report highlights the challenges associated with occurrence of lipomyelomeningocele, in regions with limited access to prenatal care and folate supplementation. It emphasizes the importance of public health efforts to educate and support pregnant women in remote areas, ultimately reducing the burden of congenital neural tube defects in neonates.
Human endometrial stem cells-derived exosomes enhance neurite outgrowth and peripheral nerve regeneration through activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Namini Mojdeh Salehi , Ebrahimi-Barough Somayeh , Beheshtizadeh Nima , Ai Jafar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Nowadays, exosomes participate in cell-cell communication and gain attention as a new approach for cell-free therapies. Recently, various studies have demonstrated the therapeutic ability of exosomes, but the biological effect of human endometrial stem cell (hEnSC)-derived exosomes is still unclear. Herein, we obtained exosomes from hEnSC and indicated that these exosomes activate the vital cell signaling pathway and progress neurite outgrowth in PC-12 cell lines. For this purpose, hEnSC-derived exosomes were extracted by ultracentrifuge and characterized by DLS, SEM, TEM, and western blot. Also, dil-staining of hEnSC-derived exosomes was done to determine the penetration of hEnSC-derived exosomes into PC12 cells. MTT assay, scratch assay, and western blot assay were applied to PC12 cells that were exposed to different concentrations of exosomes (0, 50, 100, and 150 µg/ml). Our results demonstrated that exosomes significantly increased neurite outgrowth, proliferation, and migration in PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the analysis of western blots showed increased expression of the PI3/AKT signaling pathway in PC12 cells exposed to hEnSC-derived exosomes in a dose-dependent manner. Also, the results of this study indicated that hEnSC-derived exosomes can enhance cell proliferation and migration and promote neural outgrowth by activating the PI3/AKT signaling pathway. Accordingly, hEnSC-derived exosomes became an effective strategy for cell-free therapies. All together, these positive effects make hEnSC-derived exosomes a new efficient approach in regenerative medicine, especially for the cure of neural injury.
Dietitians as innovators: a deductive-inductive qualitative analysis
Authors: Hewko Sarah Jean , Freeburn Julia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Frontline health professionals are well-placed to develop and implement beneficial innovations. Evidence supports the clinical and financial benefits of Registered Dietitian (RD)-led improvement initiatives, but we know little about how RDs perceive of innovation or of themselves as innovators. The objectives of the study were to gain an understanding of: 1) how RDs define innovation; 2) who RDs perceive as innovative; 3) whether RDs feel prepared to innovate, and; 4) to what extent work context impacts RDs’ capacity to innovate at work.
Methods: All RDs employed in Canada were eligible to participate. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and a deductive-inductive approach was applied to qualitative analysis. Specifically, Scott & Bruce’s (1994) Path Model of Individual Innovation in the Workplace was first applied as a coding structure.
Results: Respondents (n = 18) exhibited a pro-innovation disposition and a gendered perception of innovation. Few felt their preparatory education prepared them to be innovators in the workplace. All components of Scott & Bruce’s model were supported. Inductive codes were categorized into five themes, including: benefits, dietetics-specific, health care system, technology and individual characteristics.
Conclusions: Researchers have previously raised concerns about gendered perceptions of innovation; our results support the legitimacy of these concerns. RDs reported entering the workforce unprepared to be innovative. While the applicability of Scott & Bruce’s model among RDs was confirmed, deficits in the model were noted beyond what would be expected due to context.
Angle modulated two-dimensional single cell pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for detecting early symptoms of DNA fragmentation in human sperm nuclei
Authors: Kaneko Satoru , Takamatsu Kiyoshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We here developed a novel angle-modulated two-dimensional single cell pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (2D-SCPFGE). Variations in current-application-time and rotation angle generated different alignments of DNA fibers and segments. After the first run, the specimen was turned by 150 degrees (2D-SCPFGE-0-150) to detect naturally occurring the earliest stage of DNA fragmentation or 75 degrees (2D-SCPFGE-0-75) to analyze artificially induced cleavage. The former revealed that a part of long chain fibers remained at the origin and long segments were still tangled in the bundle of elongated fibers after the first run. The latter visualized the dose-dependent cleavage of DNA by EcoR1. Multicycle 2D-SCPFGE was useful for generating 2D-alignments of single nuclear DNA fibers, which is the first step for visualization of single-strand breaks on stretched fibers. To date, many articles have accepted the pathogenetic significances of DNA fragmentation in human sperm for male infertility and congenital anomaly. It is necessary to perform multivariate analyses of not only earliest-stage DNA fragmentation but also other types of damage, including single-strand breaks, in sequential DNA fibers. 2D-SCPFGE is the fundamental tool for understanding single nuclear DNA damages.
A multi-task image splicing tampering detection model based on semantic segmentation network
Authors: Wei Weiyi , Zhang Futong , Wang Jian , Lei Huanhuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, malicious tampering and forgery images show an explosive growth trend. Current image splicing tamper detection methods commonly suffer from issues such as inaccurate identification of tampering boundaries and low detection accuracy. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a multi-task image splicing tampering detection algorithm based on DeepLabv3+. The proposed algorithm improves the model's detection of manipulation boundaries by using shallow image features to predict the boundaries of manipulation regions within images. Concurrently, in an endeavor to enhance the model's adaptability towards multi-scale manipulated regions, segments the image manipulated regions by multi-scale fusion features, integrates the attention mechanism in the original empty-space pyramidal kernel, and uses the MSPM instead of the global average pool to improve the localization accuracy of the manipulated regions. The experimental results demonstrate that the F1 scores on CASIAV1.0 and Columbia datasets are 0.664 and 0.729, respectively. The MCC scores are 0.683 and 0.723, respectively. These scores are superior to the algorithms CNN-LSTM, MFCN, EXIF-SC, and MSGL. Furthermore, Significant advancements have been observed in terms of the localization accuracy when comparing against the original methodologies.
Stabilization Control of Output Voltage for Segmented Dynamic Capacitive Power Transfer System Based on Partial Power Processing
Authors: Tang Dingyuan , Zhou Wei , Zhang Qiang , Li Mengmeng , Huang Liang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In the operation of dynamic capacitive power transfer (DCPT) systems, time-varying parameters can significantly impact the stability of the system’s output voltage. Achieving precise regulation of system through closed-loop controller becomes important. This paper presents a control method for DCPT systems based on partial power processing (PPP) technique. It achieves output voltage stability under various disturbances by processing only a fraction of the power. Firstly, this paper outlines the architecture of the PPP-based DCPT system and conducts system modeling. Based on the model, the influence of varying input voltage, coupling parameters, and load resistance on the open-loop output characteristics of the system is analyzed. Furthermore, the relationship between the duty cycle of the Boost converter, power ratio of the main/auxiliary channels, and output voltage is investigated after the controller's intervention. This analysis clarifies the control ability to regulate the output voltage. A 350W DCPT experimental prototype is established, demonstrating stable control of the system's output voltage at 100 V despite disturbances such as load variations within the range of 30-100 Ω, movement of the receiver between adjacent transmitting segments, and input voltage fluctuations of ±10%. When compared to a DCPT system with a cascaded DC-DC converter, the system’s efficiency is also improved by 0.7%~2.1% under different load conditions.
Heterojunction PdO/CoS as a high-performance visible-light active photocatalyst in elimination of methylene blue from in aqueous media
Authors: Alinezhad Zahra , Fazaeli Reza , Moghadamzadeh Hamidreza , Ardjmand Mehdi , Raoufi Nahid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In this research, the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye was investigated using cobalt sulfide and palladium oxide nanoparticles, as well as the composite PdO/CoS, under visible light irradiation. The structural and morphological properties were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Mott-Schottky analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hexagonal structure was observed for cobalt sulfide, and the XRD analysis revealed a multi-faceted structure for the composite. The Mott-Schottky analysis confirmed the formation of a p-n heterojunction, and the flat band potential values for the n-type and p-type semiconductors were found to be -1 and 1.3, respectively. The bandgap of the composite was determined to be 3 eV using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). Various conditions such as temperature and pH, as well as the percentage of palladium doping, significantly influenced the degradation of methylene blue. Both CoS and PdO alone exhibited some degradation ability, but when palladium oxide was deposited on cobalt sulfide to form the composite, a remarkable 91% degradation efficiency was achieved. When 0.1 grams of the synthesized composite was used for 90 minutes, it successfully degraded 91% of methylene blue with an initial concentration of 10 ppm. In the Design of Experiments (DOE) approach, the optimum conditions for this research were found to be a catalyst mass of 0.06 g, an initial dye concentration of 8 ppm, and 2% palladium doping at pH 10, resulting in a 92.38% degradation efficiency in 110 minutes. To model the degradation of methylene blue using the synthesized composite, the Fritz-Schlunder and Koble-Corrigan models achieved the highest correlation coefficients (0.995 and 0.992, respectively) and the lowest error functions (0.024, 0.0008) and (0.032, 0.002), respectively. Additionally, the Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Intra-particle diffusion control kinetic models showed the highest correlation coefficient (98%). In summary, the study demonstrated that the PdO/CoS composite exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for methylene blue degradation, and the optimized conditions resulted in high degradation efficiency. The proposed kinetic models provided valuable insights into the degradation mechanism of methylene blue using the synthesized composite.
Influences of the Normal Loading Condition and Surface Texture on Interface Shear Behavior between Sand and Suction Caisson Wall
Authors: Li Dayong , Li Yifan , Zhang Yukun , Wu Yuqi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The mechanical behavior of the interface between soil and the suction caisson wall determines the installation behavior and bearing capacity. A series of interfacial shear tests are conducted to study the effects of the normal loading condition and the interface texture on the sand-suction caisson interface shear characteristics. The movement and crushing behavior of sand particles in the shear zone are analyzed. It is found that with the increase of shear displacement, the shear stress-displacement curve under a constant normal load condition (CNL) has an obvious strain-softening trend. On the contrary, the shear stress increases linearly with increasing the shear displacement under a variable normal load condition (VNL). The frictional coefficient, the broken zone thickness, and the shear deformation band thickness for a convex suction caisson wall-sand interface are significantly larger than those of the grooved interface. It is also found that the presence of the water film reduces the friction between sand particles and suction caisson wall. Under large displacement shearing, the degree of sand particle breakage becomes significantly higher than that under small displacement shearing. These results help understand the shear characteristics of the sand-suction caisson wall and invent the new type of the suction caisson.
Nutritional and inflammation factors associated with current frailty level and effect of comorbidities on the progression of frailty
Authors: Urano Tomohiko , Kuroda Tatsuhiko , Shiraki Masataka 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Frailty is defined as the extreme vulnerability of an organism, a syndrome that exposes the individual to a higher risk of disability. While risk factors for frailty have been gradually uncovered, the full identification of biochemical factors or comorbidities influencing frailty remains incomplete.
Design:
Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed to elucidate the risk factors for the prevalence and progression of frailty.
Setting and participants:
Peri- or post-menopausal Japanese female outpatients (n = 1035).
Measurements:
At baseline, biochemical markers such as serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), adiponectin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, leptin, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) were measured. Comorbidities included diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, vertebral osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. Frailty levels were assessed using frailty scores ranging from 0 to 5. Prevalence of frailty was judged by a score of 3 and above, and progression was judged by an increase of the frail score during observation period. Multiple regression analysis was used for the cross-sectional analysis, and the Cox hazard model was used for the longitudinal analysis.
Results
Of the 1035 selected participants, 212 were diagnosed with frailty. Advanced age and log IL-6 and BCAA levels were significant independent risk factors for frailty. Subjects were followed for 7.7 ± 5.9 years and progression was observed on 130 subjects. Higher age, the absence of hyperlipidemia, presence of osteoporosis, and lower frailty scores were identified as significant risk factors for frailty progression.
Conclusions
Energy metabolism markers, IL-6 and BCAA, were significantly associated with the current frailty status, while hyperlipidemia and osteoporosis acted as negative and positive predictors, respectively, of future frailty progression. Improved energy-related conditions and treating osteoporosis in the older adults may be useful in preventing of frailty or its progression.
Effectiveness of Dialectic Behavioral Therapy in Adolescents (DBT-A) in the treatment of depression and emotional dysregulation: A Colombian cohort study
Authors: Ayala-Corredor Catalina , Clavijo-Bocanegra Diana Lorena , Palacios-Ariza María Alejandra , Forero-Quintana Luisa , Niño Andrea , Rincon-López Juliana Vanessa , Villalba-Niño Sara Yinneth 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Dialectic behavioral therapy (DBT) is a psychotherapeutic treatment to address emotional dysregulation (EDys) through acceptance and change strategies. It has been specifically adapted for use in adolescents (DBT-A). The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a DBT-A skills training program in two different group formats, compared with standard care, for the treatment of EDys and depressive symptoms in adolescents.
Methods
This study is a prospective cohort on adolescents who were exposed to DBT-A skills training compared with standard care. The program included 14 sessions, two hours in duration, fortnightly. We examined clinical outcomes and measures of EDys (with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - DERS) and depression (with the Children’s Depression Inventory - CDI) in three groups: Group A corresponded to separate DBT group skills training for patients and their caregivers; Group B-Multifamily, in which adolescents and their caregivers participated in the same sessions; and Group C was the treatment as usual group, with no DBT skills training.
Results
We identified 331 adolescents who met the inclusion criteria, 201 subjects were excluded, leaving a final sample of 130 subjects. Groups were significantly different only in sex distribution, and problematic alcohol/substance use. Significant differences in DERS and CDI scores were observed when comparing intervention groups A and B with control Group C (ANOVA p value < 0.001). The adjusted model for the difference in DERS scores showed a significant association between either of the intervention groups vs. treatment as usual. The model for change in the CDI scores showed a significant effect of Group B assignment over treatment as usual, but not of group A. Additionally, age showed a significant effect with an average decrease in the difference between pre and post scores of -1.207 per year (95%CI -2.292; -0.122). The use of antidepressants also showed a significant effect with a magnitude of 5.411 (95%CI 1.415; 9.407).
Conclusions
The implementation of DBT-A skills training, in either a separate or multifamily format, was both effective and safe for EDys treatment. DBT-A skills training delivered in a multifamily format may have the added benefit of impacting symptoms of depression.
Tropical Atlantic Oceanic Islands and Archipelagos: Physical structures, plant diversity, and affinities of the bryofloras of northern and southern islands
Authors: Costa Denise Pinheiro , Sérgio Cecília 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We investigated the species richness, endemism, and similarities of the bryofloras on ten islands and archipelagos in the Atlantic Ocean to determine the floristic relationships among them using presence/absence. Cluster analysis was used to determine similarities among the bryofloras of ten islands and archipelagos. We examined the bryophyte species to address the following questions: (1) How many bryophyte species are there in the total area and on each island and archipelago? (2) Do mosses and liverworts share patterns of diversity? (3) What are their species distribution patterns? (4) How many endemic species are there on the islands? (5) Is there a high similarity among those bryophyte floras? We encountered 1,647 species, 325 genera, and 204 families, with the richest families (Lejeuneaceae, Lophocoleaceae, Plagiochilaceae, Brachytheciaceae, Bryaceae, Fissidentaceae, and Pottiaceae), representing 35% of all species. Over 12% of the bryophytes are African elements, 8% have global distributions, approximately 3% are Macaronesia elements, 5% are endemic, and 34% are included in other distributions. We present a checklist of 1,647 bryophyte species, of which 91 are endemic. Bryophyte richness and diversity differed significantly among the ten islands and archipelagos studied, and their low similarities illustrate their high degrees of heterogeneity. This paper is the first evaluation of bryophyte species on ten islands and archipelagos of the Atlantic Ocean, giving insight into their species richness, endemism and similarities, and providing information for analyzing species turnover, migration, invasion, etc., representing an increase in our general knowledge of the bryofloras of oceanic islands and archipelagos, contributing to the targets of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation.
Designing of High Entropy Alloys with High Hardness – A Metaheuristic approach
Authors: Poonia Ansh , Modalavalasa Kishor , Ayyagari Kameswari Prasada Rao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The near-infinite compositional space of High-Entropy-Alloys (HEAs) is a huge resource-intensive task for developing exceptional materials. In the present study, an algorithmic framework has been developed to optimize the composition of an alloy with chosen set of elements, aiming to maximize the hardness of the former. The influence of phase on hardness prediction of HEAs was thoroughly examined. This study aims to establish generalized prediction models that aren’t confined by any specific set of elements. We trained the HEA identification model to classify HEAs from non-HEAs, the multi-labeled phase classification model to predict phases of HEAs also considering the processing route involved in the synthesis of the alloy, and the hardness prediction model for predicting hardness and optimizing the composition of the given alloy. The purposed algorithmic framework uses twenty-nine thermodynamic descriptors to compute the composition that demonstrates maximum hardness for the given set of elements along with its phase(s) and a label stating whether it is classified as HEA or not.