bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combatting Sugar Beet Root Rot: Streptomyces Strains’ Efficacy against Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Abdelghany Walaa R. , Yassin Abeer S. , Abu-Ellail Farrag F. B. , Al-Khalaf Areej A. , Omara Reda I. , Hozzein Wael N. 
Published: January 2024

Sugar beet root rot disease triggered by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-betae is a destructive disease and dramatically affects the production and quality of the sugar beet industry. Employing beneficial microorganisms as a biocontrol strategy represents an eco-friendly and sustainable approach to combat various plant diseases. The distinct aspect of this study was to assess the antifungal and plant growth-promoting capabilities of recently isolated Streptomyces to treat sugar beet plants against infection with the phytopathogen F. oxysporum. Thirty-seven actinobacterial isolates were recovered from the rhizosphere of healthy sugar beet plants and screened for their potential to antagonize F. oxysporum in vitro. Two isolates SB3-15 and SB2-23 that displayed higher antagonistic effects were morphologically and molecularly identified as Streptomyces spp. Seed treatment with the fermentation broth of the selected Streptomyces strains SB3-15 and SB2-23 significantly reduced disease severity compared to the infected control in a greenhouse experiment. Streptomyces SB2-23 exhibited the highest protective activity with high efficacy ranging from 91.06 to 94.77% compared to chemical fungicide (86.44 to 92.36%). Furthermore, strain SB2-23 significantly increased plant weight, root weight, root length, and diameter. Likewise, it improves sucrose percentage and juice purity. As a consequence, the strain SB2-23’s intriguing biocontrol capability and sugar beet root growth stimulation present promising prospects for its utilization in both plant protection and enhancement strategies.
Antifungal Activity of Cedrol from Cunninghamia lanceolate var. konishii against Phellinus noxius and Its Mechanism
Authors: Hsiao Wen-Wei , Lau Ka-Man , Chien Shih-Chang , Chu Fang-Hua , Chung Wen-Hsin , Wang Sheng-Yang 
Published: January 2024

Phellinus noxius is a highly destructive fungus that causes brown root disease in trees, leading to decay and death. In Taiwan, five prized woods—Taiwania cryptomerioides, Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana, Cunninghamia lanceolata var. konishii, Chamaecyparis formosensis, and Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana—are known for their fragrance and durability. This study aims to explore the anti-brown-root-rot-fungus activity of Cunninghamia lanceolata var. konishii (CL) essential oil (CLOL) and its primary components, while also delving into their mechanisms of action and inhibition pathways. The essential oil (CLOL) from CL wood demonstrated significant efficacy against P. noxius, with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 37.5 µg/mL. Cedrol, the major component (78.48%) in CLOL, emerged as a potent antifungal agent, surpassing the reference drug triflumizole. Further assays with cedrol revealed a stronger anti-brown-root-disease activity (IC50 = 15.7 µg/mL) than triflumizole (IC50 = 32.1 µg/mL). Scanning electron microscopy showed deformation and rupture of fungal hyphae treated with CLOL and cedrol, indicating damage to the fungal cell membrane. Cedrol-induced oxidative stress in P. noxius was evidenced by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, and fungal apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. Gel electrophoresis confirmed cedrol-induced DNA fragmentation, whereas TUNEL staining demonstrated increased apoptosis with rising cedrol concentrations. Moreover, protein expression analysis revealed cedrol-triggered release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase-9, and subsequent caspase-3 activation, initiating a caspase cascade reaction. This groundbreaking study establishes cedrol as the first compound to induce apoptosis in P. noxius while inhibiting its growth through oxidative stress, an increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability, and activation of the mitochondrial pathway. The findings offer compelling evidence for cedrol’s potential as an effective antifungal agent against the destructive brown root disease caused by P. noxius.
Obesity Paradox in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Пиманов С.И. , Бондаренко В.М. , Макаренко Е.В. , Бондаренко Е.Ф. 
Published: January 2024

Ожирение тесно ассоциируется с коморбидными заболеваниями, такими как артериальная гипертензия, ишемическая болезнь сердца, сердечная недостаточность, нарушения ритма сердца, и другими патологиями. Сопутствующие ожирению сердечно-сосудистые заболевания оказывают негативное влияние на качество и продолжительность жизни пациентов. В то же время многими исследователями отмечен лучший прогноз по сердечно-сосудистым событиям и общей смертности у субъектов с избыточной массой тела и ожирением по сравнению с людьми, имеющими нормальный вес или сниженную массу тела. Такая клиническая ситуация получила название парадокса ожирения. Парадокс ожирения продемонстрировали результаты ряда исследований, в которых оценивали зависимость риска смертности и других неблагоприятных клинических исходов от величины индекса массы тела у пациентов с различными сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями. Индекс массы тела имеет ограниченную информативность, так как не отражает состав тела и распределение жировой ткани. Вместе с тем кардиометаболический риск определяется преимущественно величиной висцеральной жировой ткани. С другой стороны, значение индекса массы тела зависит не только от содержания жировой ткани, но и от количества мышечной массы в организме человека. В свою очередь, от величины мышечной массы зависит функциональное состояние пациентов, в частности кардиореспираторная выносливость. Дальнейшие исследования с оценкой состава тела и функциональных показателей пациентов необходимы для выяснения причины парадокса ожирения.
Obesity is closely associated with comorbid diseases such as arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, and other pathologies. Obesity- related cardiovascular diseases have a negative impact on the quality and life expectancy of patients. At the same time, many researchers have noted a better prognosis for cardiovascular events and overall mortality in overweight and obese subjects compared to people with normal weight or reduced body weight. This clinical situation is called the obesity paradox. The obesity paradox was demonstrated by the results of a number of studies that assessed the dependence of the risk of mortality and other adverse clinical outcomes on the value of body mass index in patients with various cardiovascular diseases. The body mass index has limited information value, as it does not reflect the composition of the body and the distribution of adipose tissue. However, cardiometabolic risk is determined mainly by the amount of visceral adipose tissue. On the other hand, the value of the body mass index depends not only on the content of adipose tissue, but also on the amount of muscle mass in the human body. In turn, the functional state of patients, in particular, cardiorespiratory fitness, depends on the size of muscle mass. Further studies evaluating the body composition and functional parameters of patients are needed to elucidate the cause of the obesity paradox.
Anatomical and Physiological Aspects of the Formation of Reflexogenic Zones of the ENT Organs and the Probability of Cardiac Dysrhythmias During Surgeries in Children
Authors: Тунян Н.Т. , Часнык В.Г. , Николаева М.В. 
Published: January 2024

Лор-органы анатомически являются главными воротами организма, обеспечивающими взаимосвязь внешней среды с организмом, и очень тесно связаны с экологической средой. Они в первую очередь подвергаются различным неблагоприятным температурным, токсическим, химическим, бактериологическим воздействиям. В процессе эволюции в них развились механизмы, с помощью которых они осуществляют важнейшие функции регуляции деятельности внутренних органов с внешней средой. Среди этих функций немаловажную роль играет рефлекторная функция. Слизистая оболочка полости носа, глотки и гортани очень богата чувствительными нервными окончаниями, которые не только реагируют на внешнее воздействие, но и рефлекторно связаны со многими внутренними органами и системами организма. Анатомо-физиологические особенности иннервации операционного поля, индивидуальные характеристики рефлекторной активности, обусловленные состоянием надсегментарных и сегментарных механизмов регуляции деятельности внутренних органов, особенности оказания анестезиологического пособия могут явиться предпосылками для развития угрожающих жизни сердечных дизритмий во время оперативного лечения лор-заболеваний.
ENT organs anatomically, they are the main gates of the body, providing the relationship of the external environment with the body and are closely related to the ecological environment. They are primarily exposed to various adverse temperature, toxic, chemical, bacteriological influences. During the evolution, they have developed mechanisms with the help of which they carry out the most important functions of regulating the activity of internal organs with the external environment. The reflex function is among these ones and plays an important role. The mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx is very rich in sensitive nerve endings, which not only react to external influences, but are also reflexively connected with many internal organs and body systems. Anatomical and physiological features of the innervation of the surgical field, individual characteristics of reflex activity due to the state of suprasegmental and segmental mechanisms of regulation of the activity of internal organs, features of the provision of anesthesia can be prerequisites for the development of life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias during surgical treatment of ENT diseases.
Potential of Gypsum Waste as a Substitution and Filler Material in Concrete Manufacturing
Authors: Rambe Muhammad Rahman , Pohan Rizky Febriani , Fithriyah Patriotika  , Sahrul Harahap  , Alvi Sahrin Nasution  
Published: January 2024

Gypsum is a dental and construction material that used only at certain times. Gypsum waste can be mixed with food waste so that it endangers the environment. The gypsum waste needs to be separated and recycled. This study examines the potential use of gypsum waste as substitute and filler material in concrete manufacture, including: gypsum characteristic based on XRF, concrete maximum load, concrete compressive strength, concrete water absorption and heavy metal concentration analysis. Gypsum compositions used is 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. The gypsum characterization results showed that there was 98.92% oxide, gypsum was included in type III gypsum, heavy metals such as: Fe = 10 ppm and Al = 16500 ppm, metallic elements such as: Si = 1950 ppm, Ca = 182900 ppm, Mg = 4560 ppm, K = 2200 ppm, and non-metallic elements namely: P = 580 ppm. The highest and lowest of maximum load and concrete compressive strength in the gypsum use as substitute and filler material are produced at the addition of 50% and 10% gypsum, respectively. The gypsum addition as substitute or filler material reduces the concrete water percentage. The heavy metals concentrations resulting from the 28-day-old concrete immersion were: Fe = <0.084 ppm and Al = <0.156 ppm.
Effects of Organic tea concentration and application methods on growth and yield of Greenhouse Cucumber (Cucumis sativum L.) in Owo, South-western Nigeria
Authors: Aderibigbe Adesunlola taye benjamin , Adu Sunday , Obabire Sadiq Ola 
Published: January 2024

Organic tea (mixture of Organic Manure Extract and Spent Bleaching Extract) is used as nutrient complements in agriculture and horticulture to increase plant growth and yield. In this study a 2 X 4 factorial experiment used CRD (Completely Randomized Design) to examined the effect of compost tea herein referred to as OT [organic tea (extract made from SBE and composted manure extract (OM)] as bio-stimulants at four different concentrations (0, 20, 30, and 40 %) on the growth and fruit yield in cucumber (Cucumis sativum L.) under greenhouse condition using foliar (FO) and drip irrigation (DR) application methods. Vegetative parameters (vine length, number of branches, number of leaf per plant, leaf area, and stem girth) were studied at 50% flowering stage and yield parameters (Date to flower initiation, No of male flower, No of female flower, male/female flower ratio, number of fruit/plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight/plant) and yield / hectare, at harvest. From the experiment organic tea application via folia method exhibited enhanced vegetative growth while application via drip irrigation was found to be more effective in influencing the yield parameters significantly. Plants that received 20% OT showed variability, but were not significantly different from control plants (0%). Similarly, plants treated with 40% OT extract showed enhanced vegetative growth and fruit yield with good quality, but high diseases infection. This study therefore provides important information on the utilization of OT and application method for increased cucumber production in the study area.
Russian saury fishery and factors influencing its distribution in the Northwest Pacific Ocean
Authors: Antonenko D. V. 
Published: January 2024

The goal of the work is to identify the roots of the significant decrease in the catch of saury by Russian vessels in the Kuril waters from 2015 to the present, as well as factors influencing the distribution of this fish in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean.Methods used: the work is based on materials on the distribution of saury schools in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean obtained during expeditions on fishing vessels, and trawl surveys on vessels of the Pacific branch of VNIRO (TINRO) from 2012 to 2021. To assess the position of fishing areas and the efficiency of saury fishing, fishing statistics data for 2012–2021 were used in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean according to vessel daily reports (VDR) and ship positions of the monitoring system of Rosrybolovstvo.Novelty: the work presents the results of the Russian fishery in recent years, and evaluates the effectiveness of the fishery. Based on an analysis of the literature of recent years and data obtained on expeditions to the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, the reasons for the decrease in saury catch by Russian fishermen over the past 5 years are considered.Result: The main reasons that caused the shift of the main feeding areas of saury far to the east and north in recent years are global climate and oceanological changes in the Northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. In addition to the abiotic factors of the pelagic fish habitat, their distribution is also influenced by the interspecific interaction of competing fish with high stock. A large number of factors, both abiotic and biotic, affect the change in the pattern of migration routes and the position of saury feeding areas in the North Pacific Ocean, which ultimately makes it much more difficult to predict the distribution of fishing grounds.Practical significance: the results obtained will be used for further studies of the population dynamics of saury in the North Pacific Ocean.
Influence of sodium chloride solutions on the juvenile Australian red-clawed growth and survival
Authors: Antsupova A. M. , Shumeyko D. V. , Skafar D. N. , Markov A. D. , Kosheleva E. E. , Borisova S. O. 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the work: to study the effect of water with different sodium chloride content on the main biological parameters of the juvenile Australian red-clawed crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus.Methods used: when performing experimental work for 30 days, the main biological characteristics of juvenile C. quadricarinatus with an initial mass of 0.64±0.27 g and a length of 31±5 mm were determined when it was grown in water with a sodium chloride content of 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/l and controlled the survival, growth, physiological state of individuals.Novelty: the novelty elements of the presented study are the identification of the negative effect of water with a sodium chloride concentration of 5–15 g/l on survival, size, mass and physiological characteristics of juveniles.Result: the survival rate of the studied juveniles on the 30th day of the experiment in fresh water was 65%. In water with a sodium chloride content of 5 g/l, the indicator was significantly lower — 23.3%. In the variants of the experiment with higher salt concentrations (10.15 g/l NaCl), by the 20th day all individuals died. The average weight of individuals (1.70±0.80 g) in the control group increased by an average of 166% from the baseline (0.64±0.27 g). Lower mass values were obtained at a salt content of 5 g/l — 1.00±0.49 g. This result was significantly (p<0.05) lower by 41% than in the control group. During the experiment, the average length of individuals (43±8 mm) in the control group increased by an average of 39% from the original (31±5.0 mm). The concentration of hemocyanin in juveniles contained in water with a salinity of 5 g/l is lower than in the control group by 16%. External signs of the development of rust-spotted disease have been identified. Practical significance: the results obtained can be used in the cultivation of the C. quadricarinatus. It is considered acceptable to keep crayfish juveniles in water with a sodium chloride concentration of not more than 5 g/l for 10 days. Keywords: crustaceans, Cherax quadricarinatus, juvenile, hemolymph, hemocyanin, sodium chloride, melanization, fungal disease>˂ 0.05) lower by 41% than in the control group. During the experiment, the average length of individuals (43±8 mm) in the control group increased by an average of 39% from the original (31±5.0 mm). The concentration of hemocyanin in juveniles contained in water with a salinity of 5 g/l is lower than in the control group by 16%. External signs of the development of rust-spotted disease have been identified.Practical significance: the results obtained can be used in the cultivation of the C. quadricarinatus. It is considered acceptable to keep crayfish juveniles in water with a sodium chloride concentration of not more than 5 g/l for 10 days.
Assessment of osmotic adaptation and seawater readiness in juvenile Chinook salmon reared at the Malkinskiy salmon hatchery
Authors: Shulgina E. V. , Leman V. N. , Esin E. V. 
Published: January 2024

Aim: to assessed the readiness of Chinook salmon fingerlings reared at the Malkinskiy salmon hatchery (Kamchatka region) to seawater run and to reverse water-salt transport; to develop a rapid and effective method to determine the readiness of juvenile Chinook salmon to seawater run.Methods: the dynamics of haemoglobin, glucose, haematocrit, blood osmolarity and body weight were studied in juvenile of Chinook salmon of a different sizes exposed in water with salinities of 30 and 40% (experiments in fresh water under the same conditions served as a control, all experiments were carried out in three repetitions).Novelty: a method is described to assess the readiness of juvenile salmonids with a prolonged freshwater period of life to sea water run.Results: the standard “salinity test” does not always reflect the readiness of juveniles to run, and to clarify their physiological state, it is worth studing the dynamics of blood osmolarity during exposure to water with a salinity of 30% (the critical indicator is 340 mOsm l‑1 after a day of experiment). Blood levels of glucose, hemoglobin and hematocrit, as well as the dynamics of body weight are not suitable for assessing salt resistance because off the excessive sensitivity of these indicators. It was shown that juvenile Chinook weighing ≥ 7 g were physiologically ready for run, whereas juveniles weighing ≤ 5 g were not. The intermediate group (5–7 g) exhibited different physiological states in different years.Practical importance: determining the minimum size of fully transformed smolts and finding ways to increase the salt tolerance of juveniles is the way to increase the profitability of the hatchery.
Intrapreneurship in the field of fisheries
Authors: Yarkina N. N. , Logunova N. A. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of the work: consideration of the system-structured characteristics of intrapreneurship in the context of the search for additional levers and opportunities for the development of the domestic sector of fisheries and fish farming.Research methods: integrated and systematic approaches, general logical methods, in particular, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization, induction and deduction, which made it possible to identify and systematically structure the elements of intrapreneurship in the field of fisheries and aquaculture, as well as to expand general scientific knowledge about intrapreneurship, its essence, principles, forms of implementation and adapt them to the specifics of fisheries.The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the consideration of intrapreneurship as an element of the intellectual capital of a fishery enterprise; in the systematization and structuring of such characteristics of intrapreneurship in fisheries and fish farming as a team contract, on-farm commercial settlement and its tools.Results of the study: the paper substantiates the possibility of implementing intrapreneurship at fisheries and aquaculture enterprises, due to the two-level management system and the features of the brigade form of labor organization; the relevance of the economic category “team contract” in the current conditions of fisheries is shown, which predetermines the practical significance of the results of the study, which is also supplemented by an analysis of the features and possibilities of transfer pricing, taking into account the specifics of fisheries.
Analisis Hubungan Otolith Terhadap Ukuran Ikan Dan Pengamatan Karakteristik Morfometrik Dan Meristik Ikan Kakap Genus Lutjanus
Authors: Suyatna Muhammad Bagja Britania , Suyatna Iwan , Pagoray Henny , Fitriyana Fitriyana , Syahrir Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November hingga Januari 2022 di laboratorium Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November hingga Januari 2022 di laboratorium Hidro-Oseanografi, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur. Sampel ikan penelitian diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan nelayan setempat yang didaratkan di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Bontang, kota Bontang dan Muara Badak, Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies ikan Kakap yang diteliti, mengamati karakter morfometrik dan meristik ikan dan menganalisis hubungan antara ukuran otolith dan ukuran ikan Kakap, Jumlah sampel ikan sebanyak 74 ekor, semua sampel diukur dan ditimbang, identifikasi ikan berdasarkan karakter morfometrik dan meristik serta tanda-tanda khusus pada badannya untuk mengetahui spesies ikan Kakap sampel penelitian. Semua otolith ikan diperoleh dengan melakukan pembedahan bagian kepala tertentu lalu dikeluarkan pakai pinset dengan metode “up through the gill” kemudian diukur dengan caliper, ditimbang dengan timbangan digital dan dengan bantuan USB camera yang terkoneksi dengan mikoskop dan tv-monitor untuk difoto. Sebaran data ikan dihitung dengan statistik deskriptif, sedangkan untuk melihat hubungan antara ukuran otolith terhadap ukuran ikan dianalisis dengan model linear bivariate (regresi sederhana). Hasil pengamatan laboratorium, ikan sampel penelitian terdiri atas tiga spesies: Kakap Tompel Lutjanus russellii, Kakap Bakau L. argentimaculatus dan Kakap Merah L. gibbus. Secara umum ukuran berat ikan antara 34,68 - 2120,00 gr dan panjang total ikan antara 12,20 sampai 51,20 cm, Kisaran berat otolith antara 0,03 – 1,90 gr; panjang antara 0.47-1.96 cm; lebar antara 0.31-1.90 cm dan tabel antara 0.11-0.61 cm. Setelah dianalisis dengan menggunakan Model Linear Bivariate, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran otolith ikan Kakap mengikuti ukuran ikan atau berhubungan (berkorelasi) positif.
Kata kunci : Pesisir, Bontang, Muara Badak, Selat Makassar, Model Linear Bivariate, Data, Hubungan