bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 2D Heterostructure‐Based Multifunctional Floating Gate Memory Device for Multimodal Reservoir Computing
Authors: Zha Jiajia , Xia Yunpeng , Shi Shuhui , Huang Haoxin , Li Siyuan , Qian Chen , Wang Huide , Yang Peng , Zhang Zhuomin , Meng You , Wang Wei , Yang Zhengbao , Yu Hongyu , Ho Johnny C. , Wang Zhongrui , Tan Chaoliang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe demand for economical and efficient data processing has led to a surge of interest in neuromorphic computing based on emerging two‐dimensional (2D) materials in recent years. As a rising van der Waals (vdW) p‐type Weyl semiconductor with many intriguing properties, tellurium (Te) has been widely used in advanced electronics/optoelectronics. However, its application in floating gate (FG) memory devices for information processing has never been explored. Herein, an electronic/optoelectronic FG memory device enabled by Te‐based 2D vdW heterostructure for multimodal reservoir computing (RC) is reported. When subjected to intense electrical/optical stimuli, the device exhibits impressive nonvolatile electronic memory behaviors including ≈108 extinction ratio, ≈100 ns switching speed, >4000 cycles, >4000‐s retention stability, and nonvolatile multibit optoelectronic programmable characteristics. When the input stimuli weaken, the nonvolatile memory degrades into volatile memory. Leveraging these rich nonlinear dynamics, a multimodal RC system with high recognition accuracy of 90.77% for event‐type multimodal handwritten digit‐recognition is demonstrated.
Gelatin Biogel–Liquid Metal Composite Transient Circuits for Recyclable Flexible Electronics
Authors: Song Huafeng , Wang Haifei , Gan Tiansheng , Shi Shiyang , Zhou Xuechang , Zhang Yaokang , Handschuh‐Wang Stephan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTransient electronics with degradability or dissolvability on demand possess remarkable characteristics for wearable, bioelectronic, and implanted electronic devices. While synthetic materials have made significant progress in degradability and stretchability, they suffer from intrinsic limitations, including low degradation rates, poor mechanical compliance, and high production cost, which restrict the growth of transient electronic devices. Herein, a versatile fabrication strategy is presented for transient electronics that combine a resilient biopolymer substrate (gelatin biogels) with liquid metal (Galinstan). The circuits made from gelatin biogel‐based and liquid metal are mechanically resilient and durable, exhibiting good compliance with irregular and deformable surfaces, and thus can withstand long‐term exposure to dynamic deformation (about 60 000 cycles at a strain of 50%). More importantly, gelatin biogels are naturally derived and endowed with thermally reversible gelling, which enables on‐demand rapid dissolution and recycling of the materials. As a proof‐of‐concept, transient circuit‐based capacitive sensors, which can be degraded within 20 s, are fabricated for monitoring finger touching, morse code generation, and electrical touchpad. Such a strategy provides a guideline for designing transient electronics with a combination of biopolymer gels and liquid metal, and this approach is anticipated to find applications in human–machine interfaces and wearable devices.
Dual‐Color Photoconvertible BODIPY Dyes Based on Visible‐Light Photouncaging of Nitrobenzyl Moieties for Living‐Cell Imaging
Authors: Li Heng , Zhang Qi , Guo Xing , Bu Weibin , Zuo Huiquan , Jiao Lijuan , Li Zhongxin , Yu Changjiang , Wang Shaozhen , Hao Erhong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhotoactivatable fluorophores are useful tools in live cell imaging due to precise spatial and temporal control. Herein, a tandem visible‐light photodecaging and tautomerization strategy is proposed as an activation mechanism for the construction of photoconvertible boron dipyrromethenes (BODIPY) dyes, from which nitro‐benzyloxy BODIPY derivatives are developed as a new class of visible light photoactivated fluorophores. Upon exposure to visible light, the nitro‐benzyloxy moiety is released and the BODIPY moiety is converted to the keto‐form BODIPY analog by tautomerization. The photoconversion process not only achieves over 50 nm blue shift of absorption/emission maxima but also provides bright fluorescence for both the pre‐ and post‐activation forms. Mechanism studies indicate that no indications of radical species and singlet oxygen are involved in this unique photoconversion and both UV and visible light irradiation can efficiently activate this photoinduced release of the nitrobenzyl alcohol through photoexciting of BODIPY core rather than classical nitro‐benzyloxy photocage. Cell and vesicle imaging is successfully performed using the new photoconversion dyes. The results show that these new photoconvertible dyes are highly efficient, universal, and non‐cytotoxic, which are valuable for the development of promising photoactivated molecules.
Cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation in adult patients with sickle cell disease after stem cell transplantation
Authors: Afzali‐Hashemi Liza , Dovern Elisabeth , Baas Koen P. A. , Schrantee Anouk , Wood John C. , Nederveen Aart J. , Nur Erfan , Biemond Bart J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia associated with impaired cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is currently the only curative treatment for patients with SCD. Whereas normalization of hemoglobin levels and hemolysis markers has been reported after HSCT, its effects on cerebral perfusion and oxygenation in adult SCD patients remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the effects of HSCT on cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen delivery, cerebrovascular reserve (CVR), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in 17 adult SCD patients (mean age: 25.0 ± 8.0, 6 females) before and after HSCT and 10 healthy ethnicity‐matched controls (mean age: 28.0 ± 8.8, 6 females) using MRI. For the CVR assessment, perfusion scans were performed before and after acetazolamide as a vasodilatory stimulus. Following HSCT, gray and white matter (GM and WM) CBF decreased (p < .01), while GM and WM CVR increased (p < .01) compared with the baseline measures. OEF and CMRO2 also increased towards levels in healthy controls (p < .01). The normalization of cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism corresponded with a significant increase in hemoglobin levels and decreases in reticulocytes, total bilirubin, and LDH as markers of hemolysis (p < .01). This study shows that HSCT results in the normalization of cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, even in adult patients with SCD. Future follow‐up MRI scans will determine whether the observed normalization of cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism prevents new silent cerebral infarcts.
Apolipoprotein E moderates the association between non‐APOE polygenic risk score for Alzheimer's disease and aging on preclinical cognitive function
Authors: Xu Yuexuan , Sun Zhongxuan , Jonaitis Erin , Deming Yuetiva , Lu Qiongshi , Johnson Sterling C. , Engelman Corinne D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONVariation in preclinical cognitive decline suggests additional genetic factors related to Alzheimer's disease (eg, a non‐APOE polygenic risk score [PRS]) may interact with the APOE ε4 allele to influence cognitive decline.METHODSWe tested the PRS × APOE ε4 × age interaction on preclinical cognition using longitudinal data from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention. All analyses were fitted using a linear mixed‐effects model and adjusted for within individual/family correlation among 1190 individuals.RESULTSWe found statistically significant PRS × APOE ε4 × age interactions on immediate learning (P = 0.038), delayed recall (P < 0.001), and Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite 3 score (P = 0.026). PRS‐related differences in overall and memory‐related cognitive domains between people with and without APOE ε4 emerge around age 70, with a much stronger adverse PRS effect among APOE ε4 carriers. The findings were replicated in a population‐based cohort.DISCUSSIONSAPOE ε4 can modify the association between PRS and cognition decline.Highlights
APOE ε4 can modify the association between polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and longitudinal cognition decline, with the modifying effects more pronounced when the PRS is constructed using a conservative P threshold (eg, P < 5e‐8).
The adverse genetic effect caused by the combined effect of the currently known genetic variants is more detrimental among APOE ε4 carriers around age 70.
Individuals who are APOE ε4 carriers with high PRSs are the most vulnerable to the harmful effects caused by genetic burden.
Customizing ultraviolet curable polymer‐ink properties via reactive diluent modification and viscosity control
Authors: Rashid(s) Firdaus Jamal , Mohamed Norsyazfirah , Daik Rusli , Ehsan(s) Abang Annuar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn inkjet 3D printing, material selection plays a crucial role in shaping both printing performance and material characteristics. Achieving the desired properties relies on precisely formulated compositions. In this context, ultraviolet (UV) curable polymers require specific viscosities, typically ranging from 3700 to 5700 mPa·s, to function effectively in 3D printing's material jetting technique, preventing complications during material dispensing. This study formulates UV‐curable polymers by blending four distinct monomers: Genomer 4247 Aliphatic Urethane Dimethacrylate, 1,10‐Decanediol Dimethacrylate, Isobornyl Acrylate, and Methyl Acrylate, within a controlled dark room environment at room temperature to prevent undesired crosslinking reactions during mixing. The selection of these monomers and their compositions is meticulous, considering their capacity to achieve specified viscosities and enhance overall material performance. This formulation process yields a wide range of UV‐curable polymer viscosities. The study employs comprehensive methodologies, including rheometry, Fourier transform infrared analysis, Soxhlet extraction, thermal analysis, and tensile testing, for rigorous evaluation of viscosity, curing efficiency, thermal characteristics, and mechanical performance. Notably, mechanical and chemical performance exhibits marginal differences within the viscosity range, attributed to UV‐curable polymer crosslinking, consistently exceeding 99% for all samples. However, the polymer composed of 98% v/v oligomer and methyl acrylate (MA) demonstrates notably better thermal and mechanical properties due to its 99.91% gel content crosslinking. Remarkable polymer fabrication thus occurs within the desired viscosity range.
Tunable focus poly(vinyl chloride) gel microlens Array fabricated by shaping in patterned electric field
Authors: Zhou Zuowei , Liu Yating , Xu Miao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)‐gel‐based microlens array (MLA) with tunable focus. The MLA is fabricated using a PVC solution and a glass substrate with a ring‐array‐patterned electrode. By coating the solution on the substrate and applying a direct current (DC) voltage to the electrode, a PVC gel membrane with a convex surface profile on the inner region of the electrode (anode) is formed with the solvent evaporation. After the complete evaporation of the solvent and removing the voltage, the solidified PVC gel membrane exhibits an MLA character. When an inverse DC voltage is applied to the electrode, the PVC gel accumulated on the inner region will shift toward the outer electrode connected to the anode, leading the curvature of the convex surface to decrease and the focal length to increase accordingly. The variable surface profile with voltage is precisely measured by a laser confocal microscope and the result shows that the focal length of the MLA can be tuned within a large range.
The flexible stab‐resistant composite membrane made by thermoplastic polyurethane filled with modified nanoparticles
Authors: Sun Xuelin , Ji Ruyi , Zhang Yan , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Ping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has good elasticity and tear resistance, and is often applied in the field of flexible puncture resistance although the puncture resistance of pure TPU is limited. In this paper, silica powder (SiO2) and styrene butadiene rubber powder (SBR) with different concentrations were used as fillers to reinforce the TPU matrix respectively. To overcome the problem of poor interfacial compatibility between filler and matrix, the silane coupling agent r‐Aminopropyltrieth oxysilanee (KH550) was selected to modify the particles. The compatibility of particles and matrix, the puncture properties and tensile properties of composites were assessed by FTIR, TEM, SEM, tensile testing, and needle puncture testing. Further, the tensile and puncture properties of composites with different types and concentrations of particles were systematically compared and analyzed to find optimal parameters. The results show that the best modification effect is gained when the mass ratio of KH550 and nanoparticles is 0.85:1 and the specific puncture strength of TPU membranes incorporated modified SiO2 or SBR nanoparticles can be increased by up to 106.4% and 85% respectively compared to pure TPU membrane.
Engineering phenylalanine ammonia lyase to limit feedback inhibition by cinnamate and enhance biotransformation
Authors: Pavale Siddhi , Dalei Sudipt Kumar , Sokhal Preeti , Biswas Biswambhar , Meena Kunal , Adlakha Nidhi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL) is a crucial enzyme for various biotechnology applications, such as producing phenols, antioxidants, and nutraceuticals. However, feedback inhibition from its product, cinnamic acid, limits its forward reaction rate. Therefore, this study aims to address the feedback inhibition in PAL using enzyme engineering strategies. Random and site‐directed mutagenesis approaches were utilized to screen mutant enzymes with ameliorated tolerance against cinnamic acid. A thermotolerant and cinnamate‐tolerant mutant was rationally identified using a high throughput screening method and subsequent biochemical characterization. We evaluated cinnamate affinity among the seven rationally selected mutations, and the T102E mutation was identified as the most promising mutant. This mutant showed a six‐fold reduction in the affinity of PAL for cinnamic acid and a two‐fold increase in operational stability compared with native PAL. Furthermore, the enzyme was immobilized on carbon nanotubes to increase its robustness and reusability. The immobilized mutant PAL showed greater efficiency in the deamination of phenylalanine present in protein hydrolysate than its free form. The rationale behind the enhancement of cinnamate tolerance was validated using molecular dynamic simulations. Overall, the knowledge of the sequence‐function relationship of PAL was applied to drive enzyme engineering to develop highly tolerant PAL.
Site‐Selective Electrochemical Oxidation of Carbohydrates
Authors: Kapetanović Elisa , Beil Sebastian B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe site‐selective transformation of unprotected sugars poses significant challenges to synthetic chemists but comes with a reward of step‐economic and energy efficient protocols. By replacing stoichiometric oxidants with electricity, greener processes are anticipated. To date, mostly C3‐ and C6‐selective transformations have been developed urging for further developments. Herein, we call for action to synthetic chemists to tackle the associated challenges of site‐selective transformations of unprotected sugars toward challenging C2 and C4 regioisomers fueled by mild electroorganic transformations.
Catalytic Synthesis of Silanols by Hydroxylation of Hydrosilanes: From Chemoselectivity to Enantioselectivity
Authors: Huang Wei‐Sheng , Xu Hao , Yang Hua , Xu Li‐Wen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs a crucial class of functional molecules in organosilicon chemistry, silanols are found valuable applications in the fields of modern science and will be a potentially powerful framework for biologically active compounds or functional materials. It has witnessed an increasing demand for non‐natural organosilanols, as well as the progress in the synthesis of these structural features. From the classic preparative methods to the catalytic selective oxidation of hydrosilanes, electrochemical hydrolysis of hydrosilanes, and then the construction of the most challenging silicon‐stereogenic silanols. This review summarized the progress in the catalyzed synthesis of silanols via hydroxylation of hydrosilanes in the last decade, with a particular emphasis on the latest elegant developments in the desymmetrization strategy for the enantioselective synthesis of silicon‐stereogenic silanols from dihydrosilanes.
Catalytic Gasification and Reforming of Residual Biomass in a Bench Scale System with Low Cost Catalysts
Authors: Garcia Lina , Cordoba Misael , Dosso Liza , Nardi Franco , Vera Carlos , Quiroga Mónica , Busto Mariana , Badano Juan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper demonstrates the effectiveness of using of different catalysts for reforming tars contained in the syngas of biomass gasifiers. The conversion of the tar content allows to obtain high quality syngas and to maximize the gas fraction. A bench scale equipment consisting of an autothermal fluidized bed gasifier and a downstream packed bed reformer was used. Pine sawdust was selected as the feedstock for gasification. TGA analysis showed that the temperature must be above 350 °C to ensure the ignition of the biomass and maintain the process in an autothermal steady‐state. Dolomite and pyrolysis char were used to test of the fluidized bed catalysts. In the reformer, dolomite, pyrolysis char, iron doped activated carbon and spent HDS catalyst were used. All catalysts decreased the CO2 concentration in the product gas and increased H2, CH4 and CO. When iron doped activated carbon is used, tar contents below 60 g/Nm3 in the product gas could be obtained, reaching less than 1 g/Nm3. The best value of LHV (lower heating value) was obtained with pyrolysis char as a catalyst (4.8 MJ/Nm3). The results demonstrate that catalytic biomass gasification with downstream tar reforming with low‐cost catalysts is a promising solution for energy applications.
Colorimetric Synchronization of Drosophila Larvae
Authors: Hailstock Taylor , Terry Douglas , Wardwell‐Ozgo Joanna , Robinson Beverly V. , Moberg Kenneth H. , Lerit Dorothy A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe rapid succession of events during development poses an inherent challenge to achieve precise synchronization required for rigorous, quantitative phenotypic and genotypic analyses in multicellular model organisms. Drosophila melanogaster is an indispensable model for studying the development and function of higher order organisms due to extensive genome homology, tractability, and its relatively short lifespan. Presently, nine Nobel prizes serve as a testament to the utility of this elegant model system. Ongoing advancements in genetic and molecular tools allow for the underlying mechanisms of human disease to be investigated in Drosophila. However, the absence of a method to precisely age‐match tissues during larval development prevents further capitalization of this powerful model organism. Drosophila spends nearly half of its life cycle progressing through three morphologically distinct larval instar stages, during which the imaginal discs, precursors of mature adult external structures (e.g., eyes, legs, wings), grow and develop distinct cell fates. Other tissues, such as the central nervous system, undergo massive morphological changes during larval development. While these three larval stages and subsequent pupal stages have historically been identified based on the number of hours post egg‐laying under standard laboratory conditions, a reproducible, efficient, and inexpensive method is required to accurately age‐match larvae within the third instar. The third instar stage is of particular interest, as this developmental stage spans a 48‐hr window during which larval tissues switch from proliferative to differentiation programs. Moreover, some genetic manipulations can lead to developmental delays, further compounding the need for precise age‐matching between control and experimental samples. This article provides a protocol optimized for synchronous staging of Drosophila third instar larvae by colorimetric characterization and is useful for age‐matching a variety of tissues for numerous downstream applications. We also provide a brief discussion of the technical challenges associated with successful application of this protocol. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Synchronization of third instar Drosophila larvae
Dracorhodin targeting CMPK2 attenuates inflammation: A novel approach to sepsis therapy
Authors: Zhang Wendan , Jiang Honghong , Huang Pengli , Wu Gaosong , Wang Qun , Luan Xin , Zhang Hongwei , Yu Dianping , Wang Hongru , Lu Dong , Wang Haonan , An Huazhang , Liu Sanhong , Zhang Weidong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite all modern advances in medicine, an effective drug for treating sepsis has yet to be found. The discovery of CMPK2 spurred hopes for the treatment of sepsis. However, CMPK2‐untapped target inhibitors are still an enormous obstacle that has hindered the CMPK2‐centric treatment of sepsis.MethodsHere, we found that the CMPK2 gene is highly expressed in the whole blood of sepsis patients by RNA‐Seq. First, recombinant CMPK2 was purified by a eukaryotic expression purification system, and the activity of recombinant CMPK2 was detected by the ADP‐GLO assay. Second, we developed an affinity MS strategy combined with quantitative lysine reactivity profiling to discover CMPK2 ligands from the active ingredients of Chinese herbs. In addition, the dissociation constant Kd of the ligand and the target protein CMPK2 was further detected by microscale thermophoresis technology. Third, we used this strategy to identify a naturally sourced small molecule, dracorhodin (DP). Using mass spectrometry‐based quantitative lysine reactivity profiling combined with a series of mutant tests, the results show that K265 acts as a bright hotspot of DP inhibition of CMPK2. Fourth, immune‐histochemical staining, ELISAs, RT‐qPCR, flow cytometry and immunoblotting were used to illustrate the potential function and related mechanism of DP in regulating sepsis injury.ResultsOur results suggest that DP exerts powerful anti‐inflammatory effects by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome via the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced CMPK2 pathway. Strikingly, DP significantly attenuated LPS‐induced sepsis in a mouse model, but its effect was weakened in mice with myeloid‐specific Cmpk2 ablation.ConclusionWe provide a new framework that provides more valuable information for new therapeutic approaches to sepsis, including the establishment of screening strategies and the development of target drugs to provide a theoretical basis for ultimately improving clinical outcomes for sepsis patients. Collectively, these findings reveal that DP is a promising CMPK2 inhibitor for the treatment of sepsis.