bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between caregiver child relationships and mental health of Ethiopian orphans
Authors: Yimer Beneyam Lake , Tilwani Shouket Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

Objective The relationship between caregivers and children has importance for the development of children’s mental health and wellbeing. This study examines the association between orphaned children’s mental health and their relationship with their current caregivers. Method It used a correlational research design, appropriate to answer the research questions. The participants were 172 Ethiopian orphans aged 12–18 years, living in institutional care settings, who were selected by stratified sampling techniques, based on a proportionate number of orphans of both sexes. Results The findings of multivariate analysis revealed that the level of trusting relationships between children and caregivers was strongly associated, and significantly contributed to mental health measures, such as depression, social anxiety, and self-esteem. Conclusions Trusting relationships with caregivers showed a significant contribution to mental health measures (depression, social anxiety, and self-esteem).
How does hospitalization affect the frailty status of geriatric patients? Prospective study from internal medicine wards of a university hospital
Authors: Ceylan Serdar , Guner Oytun Merve , Okyar Baş Arzu , Balci Cafer , Halil Meltem Gulhan , Cankurtaran Mustafa , Doğu Burcu Balam 
Published: October 2023

Objectives Frailty is a dynamic process. Frailty in the baseline, discharge, and post-discharge are important in the management of patients. We aimed to see how hospitalization affects frailty and to evaluate its effects on health outcomes. Methods It was conducted with patients aged 65 and over who were hospitalized in the internal medicine wards of a university hospital. Frailty was evaluated by Clinical Frailty Scale within the first 24 h of hospitalization, within 24 h before discharge, and at third months after discharge. Results Ninety-six (57.8%) of patients at baseline, 79 (50.6%) at discharge, and 68 (47.9%) at 3 months were frail. According to baseline, 12 (7.7%) patients changed from frail to non-frail at discharge, while 4 (2.6%) patients became frail ( p = 0.08). According to the baseline, 18 (12.5%) patients went from frail to non-frail at 3 months, while 7 (4.9%) patients turned frail ( p = 0.04). In regression analysis, living with frailty at discharge and low education level increased re-hospitalization. Five or more are considered living with frailty. Discussion Hospitalization may have positive effects on frailty in older adult patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards, the main effect is seen to be more significant in the post-discharge follow-up.
Report of the ISTH registry on pregnancy and COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (COV-PREG-COAG)
Authors: Kazi Sajida , Othman Maha , Khoury Rasha , Bernstein Peter S , Thachil Jecko , Ciantar Etienne , Ferrara Laura , Netto Manju , Abdul-Kadir Rezan , Malinowski A Kinga 
Published: October 2023

Background Concerns about COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) in pregnant individuals were raised in early pandemic. Methods An ISTH-sponsored COVID-19 coagulopathy in pregnancy (COV-PREG-COAG) international registry was developed to describe incidence of coagulopathy, VTE, and anticoagulation in this group. Results All pregnant patients with COVID-19 from participating centers were entered, providing 430 pregnancies for the first pandemic wave. Isolated abnormal coagulation parameters were seen in 20%; more often with moderate/severe disease than asymptomatic/mild disease (49% vs 15%; p < 0.0001). No one met the ISTH criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), though 5/21 (24%) met the pregnancy DIC score. There was no difference in antepartum hemorrhage (APH) with asymptomatic/mild disease versus moderate/severe disease (3.4% vs 7.7%; p = 0.135). More individuals with moderate/severe disease experienced postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) (22.4% vs 9.3%; p = 0.006). There were no arterial thrombotic events. Only one COVID-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) was reported. Conclusions Low rates of coagulopathy, bleeding, and thrombosis were observed among pregnant people in the first pandemic wave.
Does Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy Reduce Poverty? Evidence From Rural China
Authors: Yu Wenguang , Wang Qi , Wang Yaxuan , Guan Guofeng , Gao Yixin 
Published: October 2023

Poverty is a common challenge faced by human beings. China’s Targeted Poverty Alleviation (TPA) policy provides the international community with a Chinese solution to poverty governance. Based on the goal of China’s TPA policy of “Two No Worries, Three Guarantees,” this paper selects appropriate indicators to evaluate the implementation effect of China’s TPA policy since 2013. The results show that there are significant differences between poor families and non-poor families in food consumption, clothing consumption, education, and housing. After the implementation of the TPA policy, the gap between poor families and non-poor families has been significantly reduced. However, from the perspective of per capita household consumption, there is still a certain gap between poor families and non-poor families, and it is still necessary to maintain the continuity to further improve the living standards of low-income families. JEL Classification: I32
Overdue Assignment: A Case Study on Academic Writing Development for Postgraduate Health Professional Trainees in Kenya
Authors: Onguka Stephanie , de Meijer Fleur , Basnight-Brown Dana M 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVES Though essential for research capacity building, development of authorial identity for thesis projects and publications has been overlooked in African postgraduate residency programs. This study aims to explore authorial identity among postgraduate health professional trainees at two universities in Kenya. It also evaluated the effect of Age of Acquisition of English on confidence in writing. METHODS This exploratory case study utilized quantitative and qualitative data. Pre- and post-workshop surveys were generated from learning objectives and evaluated confidence in writing and plagiarism awareness, both important attributes of authorial identity. As confidence in writing might be influenced by the English Age of Acquisition, the questionnaire also included items from the Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire. Pre- and post-workshop responses were analyzed using planned comparisons. Focus group discussions further explored authorial identity among participants and were analyzed thematically. RESULTS A total of 57 postgraduate trainees from nine medical specialties participated in the study. Both confidence in writing and plagiarism awareness improved significantly after the workshop: confidence in writing pre-test ( M = 3.20, SD = 0.59) and post-test ( M = 3.97, SD = 0.61), t(56) = 6.93, P < .001, d = 0.9; plagiarism awareness pre-test ( M = 3.01, SD 0.72) and post-test ( M = 3.92, SD 0.65), t(56) = 6,8, P < .001, d = 0.9. The average English Age of Acquisition was 4.98 years and showed no correlation with confidence in writing. Participants recognized that authentic authorship requires hard work and suggested plagiarism is driven by inadequate writing instruction. They proposed that changing perceptions of research and writing could overcome a graduation requirement mindset among trainees. CONCLUSIONS Interactive workshops using procedural and enculturation approaches may be useful to develop authorial identity among postgraduate health professionals in Kenya. Further research is needed on evaluating workshop effectiveness using direct indicators of learning and other curricular reforms to promote authorship.
Okruginite, Cu2SnSe3, a new mineral from the Ozernovskoe deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia
Authors: Vymazalová Anna , Kozlov Vladimir V. , Laufek František , Stanley Chris J. , Shkilev Ilya A. , Kudaeva Sharapat , Košek Filip 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOkruginite, Cu2SnSe3 is a new mineral discovered from the high-sulfidation epithermal Au Ozernovskoye deposit, Kamchatka peninsula, Russia. It occurs as distinct Se-rich zones in Se-bearing mohite crystals or forms aggregates of small crystals 10–15 μm in size in quartz. In plane-polarised light, okruginite appears brownish grey. Pleochroism and bireflectance are discernible, anisotropy is weak, with rotation tints pale blue-grey to pale grey-brown; it exhibits no internal reflections. Reflectance values of the synthetic analogue of okruginite in air (R1, R2 in %) are: 25.9, 26.5 at 470 nm, 27.5, 26.5 at 546 nm, 27.8, 28.4 at 589 nm and 27.7, 28.4 at 650 nm. Twenty seven electron-microprobe analyses of okruginite give an average composition: Cu 29.48, Sn 28.10, Se 33.40 and S 8.75, total 99.73 wt.%, corresponding to the empirical formula Cu1.99Sn1.02(Se1.82S1.17)Σ2.99 based on 6 atoms; the average of seven analyses on its synthetic analogue is: Cu 23.62, Sn 24.37 and Se 49.09, total 97.08 wt.%, corresponding to Cu1.86Sn1.03Se3.11. The density, calculated on the basis of the empirical formula, is 5.126 g/cm3. The mineral is monoclinic, space group Cc, with a = 6.9906(2), b = 12.0712(4) Å, c = 6.9723(2) Å, β = 109.350(10)°, V = 555.1(2) Å3 and Z = 4. The crystal structure was solved and refined from the powder X-ray-diffraction data of synthetic Cu2SnSe3. Okruginite is the selenium-end member of the Cu2SnS3–Cu2SnSe3 solid solution. The mineral name is in honour of Dr. Victor Mikhailovich Okrugin, a Russian mineralogist, for his contributions to mineralogy and geology of epithermal deposits, in particular of the Au–Ag deposits in Kamchatka.
Thermal-Mechanical Effect and Removal Mechanism of Ti-6Al-4V During Laser-Assisted Grinding
Authors: Xiao Guijian , Zhu Shengwang , He Yi , Liu Gang , Ni Yuanhe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe low density and high corrosion resistance of titanium alloy make it a material with various applications in the aerospace industry. However, because of its high specific strength and poor thermal conductivity, there are problems such as high cutting force, poor surface integrity, and high cutting temperature during conventional machining. As an advanced processing method with high efficiency and low damage, laser-assisted machining can improve the machinability of titanium alloy. In this study, a picosecond pulse laser-assisted scratching (PPLAS) method considering both the temperature-dependent material properties and ultrashort pulse laser’s characteristics is first proposed. Then, the effects of laser power, scratching depth, and scratching speed on the distribution of stress and temperature field are investigated by simulation. Next, PPLAS experiments are conducted to verify the correctness of the simulation and reveal the removal behavior at various combinations of laser power and scratching depths. Finally, combined with simulated and experimental results, the removal mechanism under the two machining methods is illustrated. Compared with conventional scratching (CS), the tangential grinding force is reduced by more than 60% and the material removal degree is up to 0.948 during PPLAS, while the material removal is still primarily in the form of plastic removal. Grinding debris in CS takes the form of stacked flakes with a “fish scale” surface, whereas it takes the form of broken serrations in PPLAS. This research can provide important guidance for titanium alloy grinding with high surface quality and low surface damage.
Protein-modified nanomaterials: emerging trends in skin wound healing
Authors: Sharda Deepinder , Kaur Pawandeep , Choudhury Diptiman 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProlonged inflammation can impede wound healing, which is regulated by several proteins and cytokines, including IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and TGF-β. Concentration-dependent effects of these molecules at the target site have been investigated by researchers to develop them as wound-healing agents by regulating signaling strength. Nanotechnology has provided a promising approach to achieve tissue-targeted delivery and increased effective concentration by developing protein-functionalized nanoparticles with growth factors (EGF, IGF, FGF, PDGF, TGF-β, TNF-α, and VEGF), antidiabetic wound-healing agents (insulin), and extracellular proteins (keratin, heparin, and silk fibroin). These molecules play critical roles in promoting cell proliferation, migration, ECM production, angiogenesis, and inflammation regulation. Therefore, protein-functionalized nanoparticles have emerged as a potential strategy for improving wound healing in delayed or impaired healing cases. This review summarizes the preparation and applications of these nanoparticles for normal or diabetic wound healing and highlights their potential to enhance wound healing.
Graphical abstract
Laparoscopic ureteroplasty using onlay appendix flap: a case series
Authors: Guliev B. , Komyakov B. , Avazkhanov J. , Shevnin M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Currently, strictures of the ureters often develop after endourology of the upper urinary tract, gynecological, and surgical interventions. For long proximal ureteral strictures, ureteroplasty with an on-lay appendix flap may be an option for treatment.

Case presentation
Five patients had laparoscopic onlay appendicoureteroplastic for long right ureter strictures. The average age of the patients was 42.5 years old. Four patients developed a stricture after transurethral contact ureterolithotripsy; one patient had it after laparoscopic ureterolysis. The average stricture length was 3.5 (2.8–5.2) cm. The length of the stricture was controlled, including using near-infrared fluorescence imaging. With an average observation time of 14.6 (6.2–28.4) months, the operation was effective in all patients. The urodynamics of the upper urinary tract recovered completely in three patients and comparatively improved in two patients. All of the patients stopped feeling any pain. The observed patients were saved from external and internal drainage.

Conclusions
Laparoscopic onlay ureteroplasty with an appendix in a selected group of patients may be the method of choice for long strictures of the middle and upper parts of the right ureter.
Motivational stimuli to donate sperm among non-donor students
Authors: Ronen Maya , Kedem Alon , Avraham Sarit , Youngster Michal , Yerushalmi Gil , Hourvitz Ariel , Gat Itai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Sperm banks face a continuously evolving gap between the increasing demand for sperm donation (SD) vs. limited available reserve. To improve donors’ recruitment and increase supply, motivations towards SD should be investigated specifically among young men who have the potential to become donors. Our aim was to evaluate factors which increase and decrease predisposition to donate sperm among non-donor students, who represent a “potential pool” for possible donors’ recruitment.

Results
Ninety-three men fulfilled the questionnaire with mean age of 28.2 ± 4.5 years. The most powerful incentive to donate sperm was financial reward followed by a willingness to help others to build a family (3.8 and 3.4, respectively). The most dominant consideration to decline donation was the fear of anonymity loss and future regret (4 and 3.8). While participants’ willingness for anonymous SD was fair (2.8), the open-identity donation was rated significantly lower (1.75, p < 0.01). Familiarity with recipients and offspring had lower scores (1.9–2.2) as well.

Conclusions
Young single men represent a suitable cohort for anonymous donation. Financial reward and willingness to help others are important positive incentives while anonymity preservation is crucial to maintain their willingness towards SD. Regulatory shifting towards open-identity SD necessitates the establishment of an alternative “potential pool” population as a reliable source to recruit donors.
Supporting the “hallway residents”: a qualitative descriptive study of staff perspectives on implementing the Namaste Care intervention in long-term care
Authors: Li Donny H.Y. , Yous Marie-Lee , Hunter Paulette V. , Coker Esther , Just Danielle , Bello-Haas Vanina Dal , McAiney Carrie , Wickson-Griffiths Abigail , Kaasalainen Sharon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Long-term care (LTC) settings are becoming home to an increasing number of people living with advanced or late-stage dementia. Residents living with advanced dementia represent some of society’s most vulnerable and socially excluded populations and are thus at an increased risk of social isolation. A multisensory intervention tailored to this population, Namaste Care, has been developed to improve quality of life for residents living with advanced dementia in LTC homes. To date, limited research has explored the perspectives of staff in implementing the Namaste Care program with an emphasis on social inclusion of residents in Canadian LTC homes. This study aimed to describe the perspectives of LTC staff on the implementation facilitators and barriers of Namaste Care as a program to support the social inclusion of residents living with advanced dementia.

Methods
Using a qualitative descriptive design, semi-structured interviews (n = 12) and focus groups (n = 6) were conducted in two LTC homes in Southern Ontario, Canada, over a 6-month period. Convenience sampling was used to recruit LTC home staff from the two participating sites. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data.

Results
LTC staff (n = 46) emphasized the program’s ability to recognize the unique needs of residents with advanced dementia, and also stated its potential to facilitate meaningful connections between families and residents, as well as foster care partnerships between staff and families. Findings indicated staff also perceived numerous facilitators and barriers to Namaste Care. In particular, providing staff with dedicated time for Namaste Care and implementing volunteer and family participation in the program were seen as facilitators, whereas the initial perception of the need for extra staff to deliver Namaste Care and identifying times in the day where Namaste Care was feasible for residents, families, and staff, were seen as barriers.

Conclusions
LTC staff recognized the need for formalized programs like Namaste Care to address the biopsychosocial needs of residents with advanced dementia and offer positive care partnership opportunities between staff and family members. Although staffing constraints remain the largest barrier to effective implementation, staff valued the program and made suggestions to build LTC home capacity for Namaste Care.
Machine learning for differentiation of lipid-poor adrenal adenoma and subclinical pheochromocytoma based on multiphase CT imaging radiomics
Authors: Xiao Dao-xiong , Zhong Jian-ping , Peng Ji-dong , Fan Cun-geng , Wang Xiao-chun , Wen Xing-lin , Liao Wei-wei , Wang Jun , Yin Xiao-feng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
There is a paucity of research investigating the application of machine learning techniques for distinguishing between lipid-poor adrenal adenoma (LPA) and subclinical pheochromocytoma (sPHEO) based on radiomic features extracted from non-contrast and dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of multiphase spiral CT scans, including non-contrast, arterial, venous, and delayed phases, as well as thin- and thick-thickness images from 134 patients with surgically and pathologically confirmed. A total of 52 patients with LPA and 44 patients with sPHEO were randomly assigned to training/testing sets in a 7:3 ratio. Additionally, a validation set was comprised of 22 LPA cases and 16 sPHEO cases from two other hospitals. We used 3D Slicer and PyRadiomics to segment tumors and extract radiomic features, respectively. We then applied T-test and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to select features. Six binary classifiers, including K-nearest neighbor (KNN), logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and multi-layer perceptron (MLP), were employed to differentiate LPA from sPHEO. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) values were compared using DeLong’s method.

Results
All six classifiers showed good diagnostic performance for each phase and slice thickness, as well as for the entire CT data, with AUC values ranging from 0.706 to 1. Non-contrast CT densities of LPA were significantly lower than those of sPHEO (P < 0.001). However, using the optimal threshold for non-contrast CT density, sensitivity was only 0.743, specificity 0.744, and AUC 0.828. Delayed phase CT density yielded a sensitivity of 0.971, specificity of 0.641, and AUC of 0.814. In radiomics, AUC values for the testing set using non-contrast CT images were: KNN 0.919, LR 0.979, DT 0.835, RF 0.967, SVM 0.979, and MLP 0.981. In the validation set, AUC values were: KNN 0.891, LR 0.974, DT 0.891, RF 0.964, SVM 0.949, and MLP 0.979.

Conclusions
The machine learning model based on CT radiomics can accurately differentiate LPA from sPHEO, even using non-contrast CT data alone, making contrast-enhanced CT unnecessary for diagnosing LPA and sPHEO.
Analysis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: a 20-year retrospective analysis of patients of a single institution
Authors: Chen Danzhi , Wang Qinchuan , Dong Minjun , Chen Fei , Huang Aihua , Chen Cong , Lu Yi , Zhao Wenhe , Wang Linbo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been widely applied in operable breast cancer patients. This study aim to identify the predictive factors of overall survival(OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) in breast cancer patients who received NAC from a single Chinese institution.

Patients and Methods
There were 646 patients recruited in this study. All the patients were treated at department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital between February 25, 1999 and August 22, 2018. The relevant clinicopathological and follow-up data were collected retrospectively. RFS and OS were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was also employed. Multi-variate logistic regression model was simulated to predict pathologic complete response (pCR).

Results
In total, 118 patients (18.2%) achieved pCR during NAC. The 5-year OS was 94.6% versus 78.1% in patients with and without pCR, respectively (P < 0.001). The 5-year RFS was 95.3% and 72.7%, respectively (P < 0.001). No difference was detected among molecular subtypes of 5-year RFS in patients obtained pCR. Factors independently predicting RFS were HER2-positive subtype (hazard ratio(HR), 1.906; P = 0.004), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (HR,2.079; P = 0.003), lymph node positive after NAC(HR,2.939; P < 0.001), pCR (HR, 0.396;P = 0.010), and clinical stage III (HR,2.950; P = 0.016). Multi-variate logistic regression model was simulated to predict the pCR rate after NAC, according to clinical stage, molecular subtype, ki-67, LVSI, treatment period and histology. In the ROC curve analysis, the AUC of the nomogram was 0.734 (95%CI,0.867–12.867).

Conclusions
Following NAC, we found that pCR positively correlated with prognosis and the molecular subtype was a prognostic factor.