bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profiles of Autistic Youth with and Without Co-occurring Behavioral Health and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Patel Khusbu , Fogler Jason , Sideridis Georgios , Soares Neelkamal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:

Objective:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis relies on clinical observation and documentation, but the presence of comorbidities can affect diagnostic validity across clinicians and exacerbate access to timely care. This study used latent class analysis to optimize subgroup identification based on functional level and associated comorbidities using the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Third Edition (BASC-3), and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition (Vineland-3), in a pediatric population referred for autism evaluation.

Methods:
This retrospective study reviewed clinical data extracted over a 3-year period (2018–2021). A latent class analysis was used to explore the presence of latent groups guided by the likelihood ratio test and fit indices. Additional analyses contrasted ASD and non-ASD groups on the BASC-3 and Vineland-3 variables.

Results:
There were 191 included participants (mean age 65.9 months, 76.4% male), of whom over half (60.7%) had an ASD diagnosis. Using 185 cases, the exploratory latent class analysis showed the emergence of 4 distinct subgroups. Composition of classes varied on ASD diagnosis, neurodevelopmental difficulties, behavioral health concerns, and intellectual disability. When contrasting ASD and non-ASD groups, significant between-group differences were observed across Vineland-3 variables and BASC-3 adaptive skills subscales indicating poorer social and adaptive functioning.

Conclusion:
Latent class analysis of commonly used behavioral and adaptive measures can help distinguish between subgroups of pediatric patients referred for ASD evaluations and assist in triage of cases based on severity.
Visualizing External Validity: Graphical Displays to Inform the Extension of Treatment Effects from Trials to Clinical Practice
Authors: Lund Jennifer L. , Webster-Clark Michael A. , Westreich Daniel , Sanoff Hanna K. , Robert Nicholas , Frytak Jennifer R. , Boyd Marley , Shmuel Shahar , Stürmer Til , Keil Alexander P. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
In the presence of effect measure modification, estimates of treatment effects from randomized controlled trials may not be valid in clinical practice settings. The development and application of quantitative approaches for extending treatment effects from trials to clinical practice settings is an active area of research.

Methods:
In this article, we provide researchers with a practical roadmap and four visualizations to assist in variable selection for models to extend treatment effects observed in trials to clinical practice settings and to assess model specification and performance. We apply this roadmap and visualizations to an example extending the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil vs. plus oxaliplatin) for colon cancer from a trial population to a population of individuals treated in community oncology practices in the United States.

Results:
The first visualization screens for potential effect measure modifiers to include in models extending trial treatment effects to clinical practice populations. The second visualization displays a measure of covariate overlap between the clinical practice populations and the trial population. The third and fourth visualizations highlight considerations for model specification and influential observations. The conceptual roadmap describes how the output from the visualizations helps interrogate the assumptions required to extend treatment effects from trials to target populations.

Conclusions:
The roadmap and visualizations can inform practical decisions required for quantitatively extending treatment effects from trials to clinical practice settings.
Use of Biodegradeable Temporizing Matrix Dermal Template for Reconstruction of Upper Extremity Soft Tissue Defects with Associated Tendon Injury
Authors: Jou Christopher , Chepla Kyle J. 
Published: January 2024

Summary:
In cases of complex upper extremity soft tissue defects with exposed bone or tendon, the surgeon needs to consider both restoration of stable soft tissue coverage and functional outcomes, which requires early motion and a wound bed suitable for tendon gliding. Often, local, regional, or free flaps are necessary; however, good outcomes have also been reported after staged reconstruction with a dermal template and split-thickness skin grafting. To our knowledge, staged reconstruction with a dermal template has not been described for soft tissue defects with an associated underlying tendon injury requiring tenorrhaphy. We have previously reported our experience with a synthetic dermal template [Novosorb BTM (Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix), Polynovo North America LLC. Carlsbad, Calif.] for the reconstruction of complex upper extremity defects with exposed tendon and showed that it consistently and reliably integrates even when these patients were treated with an early, active therapy protocol. As a result of these findings, we hypothesized that BTM could potentially be used over a tendon repair site without compromising functional outcomes. Here, we report on clinical outcomes for two patients with upper extremity injury where BTM was applied directly over a tendon repair or transfer site and resulted in stable soft tissue coverage with excellent tendon gliding. These early results show that this approach might be considered as an alternative to autologous tissue reconstruction in these patients and could reduce donor site morbidity associated with flap harvest.
Safety and Efficacy of Mucograft Porcine Collagen Bioengineered Acellular Dermal Matrix as a Spacer Graft in Lower Eyelid Elevation Surgery
Authors: Parker Richard , Kaushik Megha , Bansal Oshin , Ezra Daniel G. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Recent regulatory changes have limited the access to a widely used commercially available bioengineered acellular dermal matrix (BADM) product as a spacer graft in the surgical correction of lower eyelid retraction. We report our off-label usage of Mucograft, a porcine BADM, as an alternative BADM.

Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted of patients undergoing bilateral lower lid surgery with Mucograft (12 eyes) at a single institution.

Results:
For the six patients, there was a mean lower lid elevation of 1.93 mm, without any serious complications. There was greater elevation of the lower lid position for the Mucograft group compared with four septo-retractor control patients (1.93 versus 0.94mm, P = 0.008).

Conclusion:
Mucograft performed satisfactorily, and further investigation is warranted regarding its longer-term safety and efficacy.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Laden In Situ–Forming Hydrogel for Preventing Corneal Stromal Opacity
Authors: Liu Yinan , Hong Jing 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
The aims of this study were to construct a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)–laden in situ–forming hydrogel and study its effects on preventing corneal stromal opacity.

Methods:
The native gellan gum was modified by high temperature and pressure, and the rabbit bone marrow MSCs were encapsulated before adding Ca2+ to initiate cross-linking. The effects of the hydrogel on 3D culture and gene expression of the rabbit bone marrow MSCs were observed in vitro. Then, the MSC–hydrogel was used to repair corneal stromal injury in New Zealand white rabbits within 28 days postoperation.

Results:
The short-chain gellan gum solution has a very low viscosity (<0.1 Pa·s) that is ideal for encapsulating cells. Moreover, mRNA expressions of 3D-cultured MSCs coding for corneal stromal components (decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were upregulated (by 127.8, 165.5, and 25.4 times, respectively) (P < 0.05) on day 21 in vitro and were verified by Western blotting results. For the in vivo study, the corneal densitometry of the experimental group was (20.73 ± 1.85) grayscale units which was lower than the other groups (P < 0.05). The MSC–hydrogel downregulated mRNA expression coding for fibrosis markers (α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, collagen type 5-α1, and collagen type 1-α1) in the rabbit corneal stroma. Furthermore, some of the 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU)-labeled MSCs integrated into the upper corneal stroma and expressed keratocyte-specific antigens on day 28 postoperation.

Conclusions:
The short-chain gellan gum allows MSCs to slowly release to the corneal stromal defect and prevent corneal stromal opacity. Some of the implanted MSCs can integrate into the corneal stroma and differentiate into keratocytes.
Keratometry Changes Between Year One to Seven After Corneal Cross-Linking in Patients With Keratoconus
Authors: Neuhann Lukas , Vogel Diana , Hall Jonathan , Dreyhaupt Jens , Werner Jens Ulrich , Garip-Kuebler Aylin , Enders Christian 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
We evaluated the timing at and extent to which midterm to long-term keratometric changes can occur in year 1 to 7 after corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in patients with keratoconus.

Methods:
We conducted a subgroup analysis of a retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients who underwent CXL at our cornea center between 2007 and 2011. The inclusion criteria comprised CXL according to the Dresden protocol and a full set of keratometry parameters collected by Scheimpflug tomography preoperatively and at year 1, 3, 5, and 7 after CXL. In addition, best-corrected visual acuity was evaluated.

Results:
Sixty-three eyes of 47 patients were enrolled. Mean age was 25.46 years ±7.39 years (80.9% male patients). All relevant keratometric parameters showed significant improvement at year 1 after CXL (except for posterior astigmatism). According to mixed-effects model analysis, they all showed further significant change at different points in time between year 1, 3, 5, and 7 (except for K1). In addition, best-corrected visual acuity improved statistically significant between year 1, 3, 5, and 7. Suspected disease progression was noted in 22.2% of patients, mostly between year 1 and 3 after CXL.

Conclusions:
After initial improvement 1 year after CXL, keratometric and functional parameters were stable until year 5 after CXL in most cases; further improvement can take place even after up to 7 years post-CXL. By contrast, in case of disease progression, changes seem to occur already between year 1 and 3 after CXL.
An Exploration of Support for Clinical Education Partners
Authors: George Deborah , Gallivan Sean P. , Both Amy , Clark Hawkins Carrie , Bayliss Jamie , Crompton Julie , English Lynn , Lairson Alexia , Quinn Beth , Renner Trisha , Reynolds Emily 
Published: January 2024

Introduction.
Effective academic–clinical partnerships require a greater understanding of how academic programs can best support clinical education (CE) faculty. This study aimed to determine resources and support that clinical partners need.

Review of Literature.
As the number of physical therapist (PT) programs, cohort sizes, and CE weeks have risen, so has demand for CE sites. Conversely, staffing reductions, increased administrative duties, and rising productivity expectations have decreased the time available for clinical instruction. To promote a successful CE experience, there must be a renewed understanding of CE faculty needs.

Subjects.
Clinical education faculty affiliated with any of the 8 contributing programs from the Ohio–Kentucky Consortium participated in survey research (n = 24) and subsequent interview (n = 4) and focus group (n = 6) research.

Methods.
Constructivist grounded theory design was used to explore the needs of CE faculty. Academic and clinical partners developed the initial survey and used survey results to establish interview questions. The investigators iteratively assessed data saturation and clarity of results of coded survey, interview, and focus group data to determine whether the study's aims of identifying CE faculty needs had been met.

Results.
The aggregated results yielded 5 main themes of Director of Clinical Education support for CE faculty needs: student readiness for CE experience; effective academic–clinical partner communication; collaborative management of exceptional students; judicious standardization of CE processes; and provision of CE faculty development resources.

Discussion and Conclusion.
Clinical education faculty have noted challenges that affect their ability to mentor students. They want academic programs to be more collaborative and proactive with communication, resources, and support. Future research should address aids and barriers to proactive communication, resource provision, and academic–clinical partner collaboration.
A Comparative Analysis of Physical Therapy Anatomical Knowledge and Retention: Human Donor Dissection Versus Virtual Laboratory
Authors: Helms Jeb T. , Johnson Kristen M. , Ball Jamie L. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction.
Despite a long history of using human donor dissection (HDD) for physical therapy (PT) anatomy education, there are no PT guidelines that require HDD. The purpose of this quantitative causal-comparative study was to determine if Doctor of Physical Therapy students who used HDD had different grades both within anatomy and within courses that require retention and application of anatomical knowledge (kinesiology and a foundational musculoskeletal course) compared with those who used virtual 3-dimensional anatomical software (VAS).

Review of Literature.
Numerous factors affect the decision to use HDD within PT anatomy, and few PT studies have compared the effectiveness of VAS to HDD.

Subjects.
All students who took anatomy in an entry-level PT program from 2018 to 2021 (232 total students, 115 who used HDD in 2018–2019 and 117 who used VAS in 2020–2021).

Methods.
Mann–Whitney tests were used to compare anatomy grades (course, written examination, and practical examination) and future grades in kinesiology and a foundational musculoskeletal course for students who used HDD or VAS.

Results.
Physical therapy students who used VAS had statistically significant higher anatomy course grades (VAS 93.81% ± 4.99% to HDD 92.20% ± 4.53%) and higher practical examination grades (VAS 97.43% ± 2.91% to HDD 93.55% ± 4.39%) compared with those who used HDD. However, there were no significant differences between groups on written anatomy examinations (VAS 89.42% ± 7.21% to HDD 90.40% ± 4.94%), kinesiology grades (VAS 91.86% ± 4.52% to HDD 92.80% ± 4.27%), or foundational musculoskeletal grades (VAS 89.50% ± 3.89% to HDD 89.77% ± 3.83%).

Discussion and Conclusion.
The causal-comparative study design prevents concluding that PT student grade differences were due exclusively to either anatomy laboratory method. It does provide preliminary evidence that the PT anatomy laboratory method did not practically affect anatomy performance or long-term application of anatomy knowledge in future coursework.
Recent advances in cytomegalovirus infection management in solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Grossi Paolo Antonio , Peghin Maddalena 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) continues to be the most important infectious complication following solid organ transplantation (SOT).

Recent findings
Universal prophylaxis and preemptive therapy are the most adopted strategies for prevention of CMV disease globally. Prophylaxis with valganciclovir is the most widely used approach to CMV prevention, however leukopenia and late onset CMV disease after discontinuation of prophylaxis requires new strategies to prevent this complication. The use of assays detecting CMV-specific T cell-mediated immunity may individualize the duration of antiviral prophylaxis after transplantation. Letermovir has been recently approved for prophylaxis in kidney transplant recipients. CMV-RNAemia used together with CMV-DNAemia in the viral surveillance of CMV infection provides accurate information on viral load kinetics, mostly in patients receiving letermovir prophylaxis/therapy. The development of refractory and resistant CMV infection remains a major challenge and a new treatment with maribavir is currently available. In the present paper we will review the most recent advances in prevention and treatment of CMV diseases in SOT recipients.

Summary
Recent findings, summarized in the present paper, may be useful to optimize prevention and treatment of CMV infection in SOT.
A Series of 8 Illicit Fentanyl Intoxication Deaths in Infants and Toddlers
Authors: Vincent Gregory A. , Nunez Jacqueline , Gill James R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We report 8 children younger than 2 years who died from acute illicit fentanyl intoxications in Connecticut between 2020 and 2022.
The Connecticut Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (CT OCME) investigates all unexpected, violent, and suspicious deaths in Connecticut. The CT OCME's electronic database was searched for fentanyl deaths by age. All underwent autopsies and toxicology testing.
The ages ranged from 28 days to 2 years (mean age, 12 months). The causes of death involved acute fentanyl intoxications with 1 having xylazine, 1 having para-fluorofentanyl, and 1 having cocaine and morphine. All the manners of death were certified as homicide. The postmortem fentanyl blood concentrations ranged from 0.40 to 46 ng/mL. Most of the children were found unresponsive after being put to sleep. Three were co-sleeping with adults (2 in bed; 1 on a recliner). There was a known history of parental/caregiver drug abuse in 7 of 8 of the fatalities.
We summarize the key investigative, autopsy, and toxicological findings. As illicit fentanyl use increases, there is a potential for infant exposure and death. The investigation and certification of these deaths and the role of intentional administration versus inadvertent exposure due to caregiver neglect in the context of the certification of the manner of death are described.
Forensic Analysis of the Abraham Lincoln Assassination: An On-Site Study of the Presidential Box at Ford's Theatre
Authors: Pappas Theodore N. , Swanson Sven , Baden Michael M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
On April 14, 1865, Abraham Lincoln was assassinated while watching a play from the Presidential Box at Ford's Theatre in Washington, DC. There is still controversy concerning the findings of Lincoln's autopsy. The physicians that attended the autopsy documented that the bullet entered the left occipital region of the brain, but opinions differ as to the path the bullet took through the brain. The official autopsy report documented that the bullet traveled through the left brain and did not cross the midline. Others who watched the autopsy claimed that the bullet entered on the left side of the president's brain, crossed the midline, and ended up just above the orbit on the right. In this manuscript, we reviewed all of the statements of the witnesses to the assassination in an effort to reconstruct the approach that John Wilkes Booth, the assassin, took through the Presidential Box as he approached the president. In addition, we conducted an on-site analysis of the shape and dimensions of the Presidential Box at Ford's Theatre to support the approach that Booth took. Based on this forensic analysis, we provide supportive evidence that the findings of the official autopsy report are accurate; that is, the bullet that entered the president's left brain stayed on the left and did not cross the midline.
SMARCB1 (INI1) Deficient Tumours of the Uterine Cervix: Report of Two Cases, Including One Associated With an NTRK Fusion
Authors: Razack Rubina , Butt Jennifer L. , Hostein Isabelle , Velasco Valerie , Croce Sabrina , Olory Carel , Fu Lili , Foulkes William D. , McCluggage W. Glenn 
Published: January 2024

Pathogenic variants (mutations) and other molecular events involving subunits of the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable chromatin remodelling complex are common in a wide variety of malignancies. Many of these neoplasms are characterized by undifferentiated morphology. They arise at a variety of sites in the female genital tract but have rarely been reported in the uterine cervix. We report 2 primary cervical neoplasms arising in young women (ages 28 and 29 yr) exhibiting loss of nuclear immunoreactivity with SMARCB1 (INI1). In one case, which had a mixture of epithelioid and spindle cells, molecular studies revealed no SMARCB1 pathogenic variant, but showed a SPECCL1::NTRK 3 fusion, in keeping with an NTRK fusion sarcoma. The second case exhibited rhabdoid morphology and molecular testing confirmed a SMARCB1 pathogenic variant (c.425 T>G:p.(Leu142Ter) which, interpreted in conjunction with the morphology and immunohistochemistry, resulted in classification as a proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma. To our knowledge, this is the first reported cervical neoplasm exhibiting a SMARCB1 pathogenic variant and the first NTRK fusion sarcoma showing SMARCB1 protein loss. We discuss the diagnostic challenges and complexities of the molecular findings.
Revisions after Trapeziometacarpal Joint Resection Arthroplasty: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Neumeister Sara , Hagert Elisabet , Chung Kevin C. , Farnebo Simon , Boeckstyns Michel , Herren Daniel B. ,   FaiTh Study Working Group, Marks Miriam 
Published: January 2024

Background:
The aim of this systematic literature review was to describe current indications and interventions for revisions after trapeziometacarpal joint (TMJ) resection arthroplasty.

Methods:
The literature search was conducted by an experienced librarian in the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The authors included all articles that investigated any TMJ arthroplasty procedure in which the trapezium was completely resected and if any subsequent revision procedure including joint-related and soft-tissue operations was mentioned. Two independent reviewers selected the articles and were involved in data extraction.

Results:
Sixty-two articles reporting on 5284 operated thumbs and 434 revision operations were included. Twenty-four indications for revision and 31 revision techniques were extracted. Most revisions were performed because of subsidence/impingement of the first metacarpal bone (n = 194 thumbs) followed by unspecified pain (n = 53), metacarpophalangeal joint problems (n = 28), and scaphotrapezoidal osteoarthritis (n = 17). Eleven treatment strategies were found for subsidence/impingement of the first metacarpal, the most frequent being revision of the existing interposition using autologous tendon (n = 46) and soft-tissue interposition with distraction pinning (n = 28).

Conclusions:
There are a wide variety of indications and even more surgical techniques described in the literature to treat persisting or recurrent pain after TMJ resection arthroplasty. Currently, there is no uniform treatment guideline available on how to diagnose and treat such cases. Therefore, the results of this literature review will form the basis for a Delphi study aiming to develop recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of persistent/recurrent pain after TMJ resection arthroplasty.