bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of auricular acupressure on test anxiety in medical students: a randomized parallel-group trial
Authors: Mosavi Zinab , Khazaie Habibolah , Janatolmakan Maryam , Rezaeian Shahab , Khatony Alireza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Test anxiety is a prevalent issue among students, including those in the medical field. The present study aims to examine the impact of auricular acupressure on reducing test anxiety specifically among medical students.

Methods
In this single-blind randomized parallel-group trial, a total of 114 medical students from Kermanshah, Iran, were allocated into two groups: intervention and control. Each group consisted of 57 students. The data collection instruments included a demographic information form and the Sarason Anxiety Inventory. In the intervention group, bilateral auricular acupressure was administered on the Shen Men point for a duration of 10 min. On the other hand, the control group received bilateral auricular acupressure on the Sham point, located in the earlobe, as a placebo, also for 10 min.

Results
The mean test anxiety scores in the Shen Men acupressure group exhibited a significant reduction from 18.4 ± 5.3 before the intervention to 13.3 ± 4.8 after the intervention (P = 0.001). Conversely, in the Sham acupressure group, the mean test anxiety scores showed no significant change, with values of 16.36 ± 6.4 before the intervention and 16.4 ± 6.1 after the intervention (P = 0.963). Prior to the intervention, the majority of participants in both the intervention group (87.7%) and control group (86.0%) exhibited moderate to severe levels of test anxiety. Following acupressure, a significant improvement was observed in the intervention group, with 52.6% of participants experiencing a reduction to mild anxiety levels (P = 0.001); however, no notable change in anxiety levels was observed in the control group. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference in anxiety intensity after the intervention was found between the two groups (P = 0.001).

Conclusion
Shen Men auricular acupressure demonstrates efficacy in reducing test anxiety among medical students. However, to validate its effectiveness, further research using objective measures is warranted.
Epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in inflammatory bowel diseases: diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer
Authors: Deris Zayeri Zeinab , Parsi Abazar , Shahrabi Saeid , Kargar Masoud , Davari Nader , Saki Najmaldin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and aim
"Inflammatory bowel disease" (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract that typically begins at a young age and might transit to colorectal cancer (CRC). In this manuscript, we discussed the epigenetic and metabolic change to present a extensive view of IBDs transition to CRC. This study discusses the possible biomarkers for evaluating the condition of IBDs patients, especially before the transition to CRC.

Research approach
We searched “PubMed” and “Google Scholar” using the keywords from 2000 to 2022.

Discussion
In this manuscript, interesting titles associated with IBD and CRC are discussed to present a broad view regarding the epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming and the biomarkers.

Conclusion
Epigenetics can be the main reason in IBD transition to CRC, and Hypermethylation of several genes, such as VIM, OSM4, SEPT9, GATA4 and GATA5, NDRG4, BMP3, ITGA4 and plus hypomethylation of LINE1 can be used in IBD and CRC management. Epigenetic, metabolisms and microbiome-derived biomarkers, such as Linoleic acid and 12 hydroxy 8,10-octadecadienoic acid, Serum M2-pyruvate kinase and Six metabolic genes (NAT2, XDH, GPX3, AKR1C4, SPHK and ADCY5) expression are valuable biomarkers for early detection and transition to CRC condition. Some miRs, such as miR-31, miR-139-5p, miR -155, miR-17, miR-223, miR-370-3p, miR-31, miR -106a, miR -135b and miR-320 can be used as biomarkers to estimate IBD transition to CRC condition.
Optimal allocation of physicians improves accessibility and workload disparities in stroke care
Authors: Ohashi Kazuki , Osanai Toshiya , Bando Kyohei , Fujiwara Kensuke , Tanikawa Takumi , Tani Yuji , Takamiya Soichiro , Sato Hirotaka , Morii Yasuhiro , Ishikawa Tomoki , Ogasawara Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Inequalities in access to stroke care and the workload of physicians have been a challenge in recent times. This may be resolved by allocating physicians suitable for the expected demand. Therefore, this study analyzes whether reallocation using an optimization model reduces disparities in spatial access to healthcare and excessive workload.

Methods
This study targeted neuroendovascular specialists and primary stroke centers in Japan and employed an optimization model for reallocating neuroendovascular specialists to reduce the disparity in spatial accessibility to stroke treatment and workload for neuroendovascular specialists in Japan. A two-step floating catchment area method and an inverted two-step floating catchment area method were used to estimate the spatial accessibility and workload of neuroendovascular specialists as a potential crowdedness index. Quadratic programming has been proposed for the reallocation of neuroendovascular specialists.

Results
The reallocation of neuroendovascular specialists reduced the disparity in spatial accessibility and the potential crowdedness index. The standard deviation (SD) of the demand-weighted spatial accessibility index improved from 125.625 to 97.625. Simultaneously, the weighted median spatial accessibility index increased from 2.811 to 3.929. Additionally, the SD of the potential crowdedness index for estimating workload disparity decreased from 10,040.36 to 5934.275 after optimization. The sensitivity analysis also showed a similar trend of reducing disparities.

Conclusions
The reallocation of neuroendovascular specialists reduced regional disparities in spatial accessibility to healthcare, potential crowdedness index, and disparities between facilities. Our findings contribute to planning health policies to realize equity throughout the healthcare system.
Endometriosis and IVF treatment outcomes: unpacking the process
Authors: Somigliana Edgardo , Li Piani Letizia , Paffoni Alessio , Salmeri Noemi , Orsi Michele , Benaglia Laura , Vercellini Paolo , Vigano’ Paola 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdvanced endometriosis is associated with a reduction of IVF success. Surgical damage to the ovarian reserve following the excision of endometriomas has been claimed as a critical factor in the explanation of this detrimental effect. However, it is generally inferred that other mechanisms might also hamper IVF success in affected women. They include diminished responsiveness to ovarian stimulation, altered steroidogenesis, a decline in oocyte quality, reduced fertilization and embryo development, and impaired implantation. To navigate these limitations, we scrutinized available literature for studies specifically designed to address distinct phases of the IVF process. Utmost consideration was given to intra-patient ovarian response comparisons in women with unilateral endometriomas and to studies applying a meticulous matching to control confounders. The following observations have been drawn: 1) endometriosis has a negligible impact on ovarian response. A slight reduction in stimulation response can only be observed for endometriomas larger than 4 cm. Follicular steroidogenesis is unaffected; 2) oocyte quality is not hampered. Fertilization rates are similar, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is not justified. Embryonic development is uncompromised, with no increase in aneuploidy rate; 3) endometrial receptivity is either unaffected or only slightly impacted. In conclusion, our study suggests that, aside from the well-known negative effect on ovarian reserve from excisional endometrioma surgeries, endometriosis does not significantly affect IVF outcomes.
Serum immunoglobulins and biomarkers of dementia: a population-based study
Authors: Yaqub Amber , Khan Samer R. , Vernooij Meike W. , van Hagen P. Martin , Peeters Robin P. , Ikram M. Arfan , Chaker Layal , Dalm Virgil A. S. H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammation plays a key role in the development of dementia, but its link to early biomarkers, particularly those in plasma or neuroimaging, remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum immunoglobulins and biomarkers of dementia.

Methods
Between 1997 and 2009, serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG and IgM) were measured in dementia-free participants of the population-based Rotterdam Study. A random subset of participants had assessment of biomarkers in plasma (total tau (t-tau), neurofilament light chain (NfL), amyloid-β40 (Aβ-40), amyloid-β42 (Aβ-42), while another subset of participants underwent neuroimaging to quantify brain volume, white matter structural integrity and markers of cerebral small vessel disease. Linear regression models were constructed to determine cross-sectional associations between IgA, IgG, IgM and biomarkers of dementia, with adjustment for potential confounders. Multiple testing correction was applied using the false discovery rate. As a sensitivity analysis, we re-ran the models for participants within the reference range of immunoglobulins, excluding those using immunomodulating drugs, and conducted a stratified analysis by APOE-ε4 carriership and sex.

Results
Of 8,768 participants with serum immunoglobulins, 3,455 participants (65.8 years [interquartile range (IQR): 61.5–72.0], 57.2% female) had plasma biomarkers available and 3,139 participants (57.4 years [IQR: 52.7–60.7], 54.4% female) had neuroimaging data. Overall, no associations between serum immunoglobulins and biomarkers of dementia remained significant after correction for multiple testing. However, several suggestive associations were noted: higher serum IgA levels concurred with lower plasma levels of Aβ-42 (standardized adjusted mean difference: -0.015 [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.029−-0.002], p = 2.8 × 10–2), and a lower total brain volume, mainly driven by less gray matter (-0.027 [-0.046−-0.008], p = 6.0 × 10–3) and more white matter hyperintensities (0.047 [0.016 – 0.077], p = 3.0 × 10–3). In sensitivity analyses, higher IgM was linked to lower t-tau, Aβ-40, and Aβ-42, but also a loss of white matter microstructural integrity. Stratified analyses indicate that these associations potentially differ between carriers and non-carriers of the APOE-ε4 allele and men and women.

Conclusions
While associations between serum immunoglobulins and early markers of dementia could not be established in this population-based sample, it may be valuable to consider factors such as APOE-ε4 allele carriership and sex in future investigations.
Determining the parent and associated fragment formulae in mass spectrometry via the parent subformula graph
Authors: Li Sean , Bohman Björn , Flematti Gavin R. , Jayatilaka Dylan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Identifying the molecular formula and fragmentation reactions of an unknown compound from its mass spectrum is crucial in areas such as natural product chemistry and metabolomics. We propose a method for identifying the correct candidate formula of an unidentified natural product from its mass spectrum. The method involves scoring the plausibility of parent candidate formulae based on a parent subformula graph (PSG), and two possible metrics relating to the number of edges in the PSG. This method is applicable to both electron-impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data. Additionally, this work introduces the two-dimensional fragmentation plot (2DFP) for visualizing PSGs.

Results
Our results suggest that incorporating information regarding the edges of the PSG results in enhanced performance in correctly identifying parent formulae, in comparison to the more well-accepted “MS/MS score”, on the 2016 Computational Assessment of Small Molecule Identification (CASMI 2016) data set (76.3 vs 58.9% correct formula identification) and the Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) data set (66.2% vs 59.4% correct formula identification). In the extension of our method to identify the correct candidate formula from complex EI-MS data of semiochemicals, our method again performed better (correct formula appearing in the top 4 candidates in 20/23 vs 7/23 cases) than the MS/MS score, and enables the rapid identification of both the correct parent ion mass and the correct parent formula with minimal expert intervention.

Conclusion
Our method reliably identifies the correct parent formula even when the mass information is ambiguous. Furthermore, should parent formula identification be successful, the majority of associated fragment formulae can also be correctly identified. Our method can also identify the parent ion and its associated fragments in EI-MS spectra where the identity of the parent ion is unclear due to low quantities and overlapping compounds. Finally, our method does not inherently require empirical fitting of parameters or statistical learning, meaning it is easy to implement and extend upon.

Scientific contribution
Developed, implemented and tested new metrics for assessing plausibility of candidate molecular formulae obtained from HR-MS data.
Professional practice profile, treatment preferences, and the bases for clinical, educational, and research among Nigerian physiotherapists
Authors: Mbada Chidozie Emmanuel , Onigbinde Omotola Adam , Oyewole Olufemi Oyeleye , Binuyo Overcomer Temiloluwa , Gebrye Tadesse , Egwu Michael Ogbonnia , Karstens Sven , Fatoye Francis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Physiotherapy education and practice have country-specific peculiarities which may limit globalization in health care. This study aimed to characterize physiotherapy practice and treatment preferences, educational qualifications, and research in Nigeria, with a view of providing vital information for transnational integration and collaboration.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey of 104 Nigerian physiotherapists was conducted. The Physical Therapy Practice Questionnaire and a self-developed proforma were used as survey tools.

Results
The mean age of respondents was 33.5 ± 9.4 years. About two-fifth of all respondents (39.4%) had an MSc and mostly practice as clinicians (51.0%) in teaching hospitals (34.6%). The respondents were mostly involved in general practice (50.0%), with a caseload of 1–10 patients per day (67.3%). Soft tissue mobilization (83%), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (76%), breathing exercises (77%), and transcutaneous electrical neuromuscular stimulation (83%) were commonly used. Respondents were familiar databases and evidence-based resources (81.2%) and mostly utilize PubMed (73.3%). Regular case conferences with professional colleagues (47.6%) and treatment planning of between 11 and 30 min (40.6%) were common. Educators spend 1–3 h planning educational work (91.8%). Clinical decision-making is mostly based on professional experience, while journals are the primary resource for educational information.

Conclusion
Physiotherapy practice in Nigeria is degree based and requires registration board’s licensure. Practitioners deal with a high caseload and utilize a wide range of techniques and modalities and have tendencies to utilize personal experience and research in making clinical decisions. The parity in education and practice with advanced climes inadvertently gives physiotherapy practice in Nigeria a global purview.
Severe and common mental disorders and risk of emergency hospital admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions among the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Niedzwiedz Claire L. , Aragón María José , Breedvelt Josefien J. F. , Smith Daniel J. , Prady Stephanie L. , Jacobs Rowena 
Published: November 2023

Background
People with mental disorders have worse physical health compared with the general population, which could be attributable to receiving poorer quality healthcare.

Aims
To examine the relationship between severe and common mental disorders and risk of emergency hospital admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs), and factors associated with increased risk.

Method
Baseline data for England (N = 445 814) were taken from UK Biobank, which recruited participants aged 37–73 years during 2006–2010, and linked to hospital admission records up to 31 December 2019. Participants were grouped into those with a history of either schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression or anxiety, or no mental disorder. Survival analysis was used to assess the risk of hospital admission for ACSCs among those with mental disorders compared with those without, adjusting for factors in different domains (sociodemographic, socioeconomic, health and biomarkers, health-related behaviours, social isolation and psychological).

Results
People with schizophrenia had the highest (unadjusted) risk of hospital admission for ACSCs compared with those with no mental disorder (hazard ratio 4.40, 95% CI 4.04–4.80). People with bipolar disorder (hazard ratio 2.48, 95% CI 2.28–2.69) and depression or anxiety (hazard ratio 1.76, 95% CI 1.73–1.80) also had higher risk. Associations were more conservative when including all admissions, as opposed to first admissions only. The observed associations persisted after adjusting for a range of factors.

Conclusions
People with severe mental disorders have the highest risk of preventable hospital admissions. Ensuring people with mental disorders receive adequate ambulatory care is essential to reduce the large health inequalities they experience.
A Novel Mechanism of hPRL-G129R, a Prolactin Antagonist, Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration
Authors: Li Ruonan , Yang Yu , Lan Hainan , Wang Yuesi , Ge Zihan , Liu Xingjie , Zhou Yixuan , Zhang Wei , Xian Li , Yuan Hongxuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) and its receptor, PRLR, are closely related to the occurrence and development of breast cancer. hPRL-G129R, an hPRLR antagonist, has been found to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells via mechanisms currently unknown. Recent studies have indicated that PRLR exhibits dual functions based on its membrane/nucleus localization. In that context, we speculated whether hPRL-G129R is a dual-function antagonist. We studied the internalization of the hPRLR-G129R/PRLR complex using indirect immunofluorescence and Western blot assays. We found that hPRL-G129R not only inhibited PRLR-mediated intracellular signaling at the plasma membrane, but also blocked nuclear localization of the receptor in T-47D and MCF-7 cells in a time-dependent manner. Clone formation and transwell migration assays showed that hPRL-G129R inhibited PRL-driven proliferation and migration of tumor cells in vitro. Further, we found that increasing concentrations of hPRL-G129R inhibited the nuclear localization of PRLR and the levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 5 in tumor-bearing mice and hPRL-G129R also exerted an antiproliferative effect in vivo. These results indicate that hPRL-G129R is indeed a dual-function antagonist. This study lays a foundation for exploring and developing highly effective agents against the proliferation and progression of breast malignancies.
Structural-functional model of social relations of a criminogenic personality
Authors: Zlokazov Kirill 
Published: November 2023

the article considers the issues of studying and describing the relations of a criminal personality to the social environment. The practical and scientific relevance of studying social relations is noted. Attention is focused on the role of relations in criminalization and resocialization of personality. The lack of ideas about determinants of relations of a criminogenic personality is stated.
The aim of the study is to develop a model of relations of criminogenic personality.
The methodological basis of the study is the system approach.
The concept of "criminogenic personality" is defined and characterized. Theoretical information about the significance of personality attitudes to others is given. Morphological, structural and functional approaches to study of relations are described. The assumption about the validity of the structural-functional version of the system approach is formulated. The concept of relations is defined together with the model of relations to others. System-forming significance is given to the complex of criminogenic personality traits. Structural components of relationship are divided into subject and object parts. Functional components are considered in context of complicity of others in satisfaction of needs and change of self-relationship of a criminogenic personality.
The area of applying the results is the prevention of recidivism.
The novelty of the work is a model describing the relations of a criminogenic person.
In conclusion, scientific and methodological prospects of application of developed structural and functional model are discussed. The scientific perspective is the conceptualization of relations. The methodological perspective consists in operationalization of the model in the form of a questionnaire used for psychological support of convicts.
Are Third-Party Fundamental Valuations Relevant in Public Company Takeovers?
Authors: Shaffer Matthew 
Published: November 2023

In U.S. mergers and acquisitions, target directors are required to consider third-party financial valuations, summarized in a “fairness opinion” before accepting a takeover offer. Critics argue (1) that these valuations are not relevant for public companies, which can assess the desirability of the deal based on the market premium, and (2) that the investment bank providers cater to management by “rationalizing” the deal price rather than providing an independent valuation check. I find that fairness valuations can provide valid information about the target’s value, incremental to its predeal stock price. They can impound expected transaction synergies, unravel rumor-driven stock price runups, and may signal ex ante fundamental mispricing. I also find evidence of the alleged catering, which I distinguish from “legitimate” valuation disagreements. This suggests that third-party fundamental valuation could play a useful role in the governance of public company takeovers, but there are flaws in its current implementation. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4959 .