bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting EBV‐encoded products: Implications for drug development in EBV‐associated diseases
Authors: Lv Mengwen , Ding Yuan , Zhang Yan , Liu Shuzhen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus, a human gamma‐herpesvirus, has a close connection to the pathogenesis of cancers and other diseases, which are a burden for public health worldwide. So far, several drugs or biomolecules have been discovered that can target EBV‐encoded products for treatment, such as Silvestrol, affinity toxin, roscovitine, H20, H31, curcumin, thymoquinone, and ribosomal protein L22. These drugs activate or inhibit the function of some biomolecules, affecting subsequent signalling pathways by acting on the products of EBV. These drugs usually target LMP1, LMP2; EBNA1, EBNA2, EBNA3; EBER1, EBER2; Bam‐HI A rightward transcript and BHRF1. Additionally, some promising findings in the fields of vaccines, immunological, and cellular therapies have been established. In this review, we mainly summarise the function of drugs mentioned above and unique mechanisms, hoping that we can help giving insight to the design of drugs for the treatment of EBV‐associated diseases.
The H∞‐optimal control problem of CSVIU systems
Authors: Campos Daniel S. , do Val João B. R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe article devises an ‐norm theory for the CSVIU (control and state variations increase uncertainty) class of stochastic systems. This system model appeals to stochastic control problems to express the state evolution of a possibly nonlinear dynamic system restraint to poor modeling. It introduces the control with infinity energy disturbance signals, contrary to usual stochastic formulations, which mimic deterministic models dealing with finite energy disturbances. The reason is to portray the persistent perturbations due to the environment more naturally. In this regard, it develops a refined connection between a notion of stability and the system's power finiteness. It delves into the control solution employing the relations between optimization and differential games, connecting the worst‐case stability analysis of CSVIU systems with a perturbed Lyapunov type of equation. The norm characterization relies on the optimal cost induced by the min–max control strategy. The solvability of a generalized game‐type Riccati equation couples to the rise of a pure saddle point, yielding the global solution of the CSVIU dynamic game. In the way to the optimal stabilizing compensator, the article finds it based on linear feedback stabilizing gain from solving the Riccati equation together with a spectral radius test of an ensuing matrix. The optimal disturbance compensator produces inaction regions in the sense that, for sufficiently minor deviations from the model, the optimal action is constant or null in the face of the uncertainty involved. Finally, an explicit solution approximation developed by a Monte Carlo method appears, and a numerical example illustrates the synthesis.
Stability analysis of switched stochastic nonlinear functional systems
Authors: Peng Haiqi , Zhu Quanxin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article is concerned with stochastic finite time stability (SFTS) and stochastic fixed time stability (SFIXTS) of switched stochastic nonlinear functional systems. By using the Lyapunov–Razumikhin approach, stochastic analysis techniques, and stochastic process theory, several novel theorems on SFTS and SFIXTS are established. Concurrently, the estimations of stochastic settling time are given. Different from the previous general results, this article considers the effects of noise, time‐delays, and switches. The SFTS and SFIXTS conditions are established, which are quite different from the traditional exponential stability or almost sure stability. Furthermore, two examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.
Reflections on energy, information and fields from psychoanalytic and systems theoretical perspectives
Authors: Buckle Pamela M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe story of energy as a focus of psychoanalysis began with Freud and was conceptualized further by C. G. Jung. For him, energy enlivens the human psyche, drawing people towards ideas and activities, forming and re‐forming us through the ways it moves and the content it carries. This article examines how psychological energy forms the experience of individuals, informing us about conscious and subconscious states of the human psyche as it engages with its environment. We examine how psychological energy forms the experience of groups, creating qualitatively linked behaviours, constraints and potentials that Jung and others conceived of as psychological ‘fields’. The concept of energy as a property of psychological systems contributes to our understanding of the human experience. Though rarely conscious, it impacts the phenomenological experience of both individuals and groups, who cope with it in both generative and destructive ways.
Review of green technologies for the removal of microplastics from diverse environmental sources
Authors: Namasivayam S. Karthick Raja , Avinash G. P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicroplastics are the basic particles (1 µm–1 mm), derived from degradation of polymers with maximum molecular weight via various sources. They occur in a variety of shapes and sizes, in the form of domains, particles, and fibers. Release of Microplastics in the ecosystem, due to deterioration of macroplastics are now being considered as major toxic pollutants. Accumulation of microplastics in the diverse ecosystems is known to cause severe health and ecological effects. Since it is mandatory to take steps towards the removal of microplastics through effective and safe technology, with this objective, the present study is undertaken to reveal various green technology principles for the management of microplastics contamination associated with diverse environmental sources. This strategy involves physical methods, chemical methods, biological methods that under the conventional measures and nanotechnology principles as modern remediation. Physical methods involve filtration, membrane‐technology and adsorption. Chemical remediation involves hydrolysis, alcoholysis, acidolysis, glycolysis, aminolysis, photocatalytic degradation and electrochemical oxidation resulting in decomposition of microplastics into simpler, non‐toxic end products. Biological methods involve biosorption, microbial degradation, microbial ingestion and phytoremediation, where plants or plant biomass can be used for removal of microplastics via phytoaccumulation, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization and phytofiltration. Nano technology remediation utilizes nanoscale materials as adsorbents. Due to its unique nanosize, high surface area and energy, nanomaterials are considered effective adsorbents of microplastics. Microplastics can also be detected and identified using machine learning approaches. The present study implies that, the green technology principles can be effectively utilized for the removal of microplastics associated with diverse ecosystem.
Disseminated histoplasmosis in an imported Maine Coon cat in western continental Europe
Authors: Burgers Elisabeth M. , Santarelli Giorgia , Bergmann Wilhelmina , Meijer Eelco F. J. , Veraa Stefanie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA 4‐year‐old, male, neutered Maine Coon presented with a 9‐month history of weight loss, tachypnoea, dyspnoea and lethargy. The patient had been in the owner's possession since kittenhood in Texas, and 20 months before presentation had moved to Europe, living first in France and then the Netherlands. A bronchoalveolar lavage performed by the referring veterinarian cultured positive for Mycoplasma (unknown species), and treatment was initiated with minimal response. Sequential referring radiographs showed progressive diffuse pulmonary broncho‐interstitial changes. At presentation, focused echocardiogram suggested moderate likelihood of pulmonary hypertension. Repeat thoracic radiographs showed markedly progressed pulmonary changes, with a new miliary component. Bloodwork showed hypergammaglobulinaemia. Pending additional diagnostic results, the patient passed away within 4 days. Postmortem examination was compatible with severe chronic pyogranulomatous pneumonia with pleuritis, splenitis, hepatitis and adrenalitis, with histopathological identification of intracytoplasmic fungal elements. Sequencing of pulmonary granulomatous tissue confirmed the presence of Histoplasma capsulatum.
An evaluation of DNA sample source and molecular markers to determine gender in the short‐beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus)
Authors: Hulse Lyndal , Tomsett Caitlin , Roser Alice , Clark Lauren , Meer Haley , Pyne Michael , Fenelon Jane C. , Renfree Marilyn B. , Johnston Stephen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe short‐beaked echidna is sexually monomorphic such that gender identification without veterinary intervention is challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the most optimal noninvasive genetic source by extracting echidna genomic DNA (gDNA) from fecal scats, plucked hair, and quills to perform genetic sex testing using a range of molecular markers. Sex determination of 14 captive short‐beaked echidnas was determined by amplifying isolated DNA from noninvasive samples, targeting two Y chromosome (male‐specific) genes (mediator complex subunit 26 Y‐gametologue [CRSPY] and anti‐Müllerian hormone Y‐gametologue [AMHY]), in addition to four confirmed sex‐specific RADseq markers. Results of noninvasive samples were compared with blood samples and clinical records. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess accuracy of sex determination of markers for each sample type. The gender of the echidnas was successfully identified on 75% of occasions using fecal samples, 90.6% occasions using hair, and 84.6% occasions with quills. Overall, the male‐specific RADseq markers accurately identified the sex of echidnas with all sample types for 90% of animals; compared with 81.5% using CRSPY, and 82.0% using AMHY to identify sex. Collection of hair, quills, and feces provides a useful alternative to invasively collected samples, however, the accuracy of results depends on sample type and genetic marker selected. We found gender determination in the short‐beaked echidna was most accurate using four male‐specific RADseq markers on gDNA isolated from blood and hair. The noninvasive genetic sexing techniques documented here will inform and facilitate husbandry and genetic management of captive echidna populations.
Probing proton structure with $$ \textrm{c}\overline{\textrm{c}} $$ correlations in ultraperipheral pA collisions
Authors: Linek Barbara , Łuszczak Agnieszka , Łuszczak Marta , Pasechnik Roman , Schäfer Wolfgang , Szczurek Antoni 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study the exclusive diffractive $$ c\overline{c} $$
c

c
¯

photoproduction in ultraperipheral pA collisions. The formalism makes use of off-diagonal generalizations of the unintegrated gluon distribution, the so-called generalized transverse momentum dependent distributions (GTMDs). We present two different formulations. The first one is based directly on gluon GTMD parametrizations in momentum space. Another option is the calculation of the GTMD as a Fourier transform of the dipole-nucleon scattering amplitude N(Y, $$ \overrightarrow{r} $$

r
→

⊥, $$ \overrightarrow{b} $$

b
→

⊥). The latter approach requires some extra regularization discussed in the paper. Different dipole amplitudes from the literature are used. Compared to previous calculations in the literature, we integrate over the full phase space and therefore cross sections for realistic conditions are obtained. We present distributions in rapidity of c or $$ \overline{c} $$

c
¯

, transverse momentum of the $$ c\overline{c} $$
c

c
¯

pair, four-momentum transfer squared as well as the azimuthal correlation between a sum and a difference of the c and $$ \overline{c} $$

c
¯

transverse momenta. The azimuthal correlations are partially due to the so-called elliptic gluon Wigner distribution. Different models lead to different modulations in the azimuthal angle. The modulations are generally smaller than 5%. They depend on the range of transverse momentum selected for the calculation.
Marginal deformations of Calabi-Yau hypersurface hybrids with (2,2) supersymmetry
Authors: Adams Griffen , Melnikov Ilarion V. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study two-dimensional non-linear sigma models with (2,2) supersymmetry and a holomorphic superpotential that are believed to flow to unitary compact (2,2) superconformal theories with central charges cL = cR = 9. The SCFTs have a set of marginal deformations, and some of these can be realized as deformations of parameters of the UV theory, making it possible to apply techniques such as localization to probe the deformations of the SCFT in terms of a UV Lagrangian. In this work we describe the UV lifts of the remaining SCFT infinitesimal deformations, the so-called non-toric and non-polynomial deformations. Our UV theories naturally arise as geometric phases of gauged linear sigma models, and it may be possible to extend our results to find lifts of all SCFT deformations to the gauged linear sigma model.
The role of interface configuration on performance accuracy in eyes-free touchscreen interaction
Authors: Pooripanyakun Munyaporn , Wodehouse Andrew , Mehnen Jorn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper describes the exploration of a new category of a touchscreen interface. An eyes-free interface harnesses innate human abilities and product affordances to allow reduced levels of visual attention. Interface design for eyes-free interaction with a featureless screen is highly challenging; however, it can be achieved by simplifying and optimizing menu layout patterns to take advantage of innate human abilities including proprioception and spatial memory. This opens up a range of possibilities for peripheral device control under one-handed thumb mobile interaction. To this end, two experiments with different modes of presentation were conducted to understand the effect of interface configurations on performance accuracy caused by spatial memory and proprioception. Spatial performance results from the interaction effect of both cognitive abilities on an eyes-free interface. Vertical, horizontal, diagonal, and curved layouts with different spacing patterns have been tested in both tap and draw input modes. The results revealed that evenly spaced button alignment close to the reference frame with symmetrical patterns within a square interface area and a comfortable thumb range positively affect accuracy. The conclusions describe how alignment patterns and the mode of presentation affect visual perception and spatial integration, and a framework for the development of an eyes-free interface is set out.
A Comparative Study of Ex-Vivo Murine Pulmonary Mechanics Under Positive- and Negative-Pressure Ventilation
Authors: Quiros K. A. M. , Nelson T. M. , Ulu A. , Dominguez E. C. , Biddle T. A. , Lo D. D. , Nordgren T. M. , Eskandari M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIncreased ventilator use during the COVID-19 pandemic resurrected persistent questions regarding mechanical ventilation including the difference between physiological and artificial breathing induced by ventilators (i.e., positive- versus negative-pressure ventilation, PPV vs NPV). To address this controversy, we compare murine specimens subjected to PPV and NPV in ex vivo quasi-static loading and quantify pulmonary mechanics via measures of quasi-static and dynamic compliances, transpulmonary pressure, and energetics when varying inflation frequency and volume. Each investigated mechanical parameter yields instance(s) of significant variability between ventilation modes. Most notably, inflation compliance, percent relaxation, and peak pressure are found to be consistently dependent on the ventilation mode. Maximum inflation volume and frequency note varied dependencies contingent on the ventilation mode. Contradictory to limited previous clinical investigations of oxygenation and end-inspiratory measures, the mechanics-focused comprehensive findings presented here indicate lung properties are dependent on loading mode, and importantly, these dependencies differ between smaller versus larger mammalian species despite identical custom-designed PPV/NPV ventilator usage. Results indicate that past contradictory findings regarding ventilation mode comparisons in the field may be linked to the chosen animal model. Understanding the differing fundamental mechanics between PPV and NPV may provide insights for improving ventilation strategies and design to prevent associated lung injuries.
On two-stage analysis of multi-environment trials
Authors: Verbyla Arūnas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTwo-stage analysis methods are often used in multi-environment trials (MET) for plant variety selection, when a single-stage approach is not feasible or too time consuming. In any two-stage analysis, the estimated effects taken to stage two must be unbiased for the effects of interest, and this means using best linear unbiased estimates based on a model with fixed genetic effects. The error (or weights) associated with the estimates must also be taken to stage two. These weights are functions of unknown variance parameters that need to be estimated at stage one. These parameters may be better estimated if genetic effects are taken as random, but resulting predicted genetic effects are biased. The bias can be removed by so-called de-regression in animal sciences. The proper weights involve a block diagonal matrix with blocks corresponding to environments, whereas diagonal weights were originally proposed in animal sciences. Two MET experiments, one fully replicated and one with partial replication of varieties, were used to compare one-stage and two-stage approaches. The results were similar, but using a full weight matrix for two-stage methods was superior to using diagonal weights. A small simulation study for trials with partial replication showed that fitting random genetic effects, de-regressing, and using a full weight matrix, was very similar to a one-stage analysis, and was superior to starting with fixed genetic effects at stage one. The use of diagonal weights was found to be very poor.
High-risk Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: An Examination of Abuse Characteristics, Psychosocial Vulnerabilities and Reported Revictimization
Authors: Tomkins Jordan , Jolliffe Simpson Apriel D. , Polaschek Devon L. L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To support service provision, we sought to advance the existing evidence base about the characteristics of—and potential predictors of reported revictimization for—women identified as being at high risk of experiencing ongoing intimate partner violence (IPV).

Method
Our sample included 165 high-risk IPV cases with a female victim and a male aggressor managed by the Integrated Safety Response in New Zealand. Based on police and multi-agency risk assessment information, we (a) described the characteristics of these cases, focusing on victims’ abuse experiences and psychosocial vulnerabilities; (b) examined rates of reported recurrence and physical recurrence; and (c) explored which variables predicted these two outcomes across a 12-month follow up, using the Nested Ecological Model as an organizing framework.

Results
In addition to experiencing harmful patterns of IPV, victims had relatively high rates of mental health issues, drug use, housing instability and unemployment. Reported revictimization was common: 62.8% of cases involved (at least one) recurrence, and 35.8% of cases involved physical recurrence. Most variables did not predict either outcome, and only two variables consistently predicted rates of recurrence and physical recurrence: strangulation and a victim’s initial engagement with IPV interventions.

Conclusions
As predicted, reported revictimization rates were high. Victims also experienced other psychosocial vulnerabilities, confirming their need for wide-ranging support. However, this study raises questions about whether these needs are relevant to predicting reported revictimization within high-risk cohorts, and highlights the difficulties of empirically validating treatment targets that could minimize further IPV harm for this group.
Explainable AI in drug discovery: self-interpretable graph neural network for molecular property prediction using concept whitening
Authors: Proietti Michela , Ragno Alessio , Rosa Biagio La , Ragno Rino , Capobianco Roberto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMolecular property prediction is a fundamental task in the field of drug discovery. Several works use graph neural networks to leverage molecular graph representations. Although they have been successfully applied in a variety of applications, their decision process is not transparent. In this work, we adapt concept whitening to graph neural networks. This approach is an explainability method used to build an inherently interpretable model, which allows identifying the concepts and consequently the structural parts of the molecules that are relevant for the output predictions. We test popular models on several benchmark datasets from MoleculeNet. Starting from previous work, we identify the most significant molecular properties to be used as concepts to perform classification. We show that the addition of concept whitening layers brings an improvement in both classification performance and interpretability. Finally, we provide several structural and conceptual explanations for the predictions.
Changes in Cerebrospinal Fluid, Liver and Intima-media-thickness Biomarkers in Patients with HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders Randomized to a Less Neurotoxic Treatment Regimen
Authors: Stroffolini Giacomo , Lazzaro Alessandro , Barco Ambra , Pirriatore Veronica , Vai Daniela , Giaccone Claudia , Nigra Marco , Atzori Cristiana , Trunfio Mattia , Bonora Stefano , Di Perri G Giovanni , Calcagno Andrea 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of neurocognitive impairment in people living with HIV is estimated between 30 and 50%. The pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders is complex and multifactorial. Aim of the study was to measure the change in CSF biomarkers, Fibroscan and IMT measurements in PLWH with HAND randomized to a less neurotoxic regimen, or continuing their treatment. Adult patients with HAND were screened and enrolled if presenting no major resistance associated mutations, no HIV viral replication, not on efavirenz or darunavir, with R5-tropic HIV and without major confounding conditions. Lumbar puncture, IMT and Fibroscan measurements were performed. After 1:1 randomization to a less neurotoxic regimen consisting of darunavir/cobicistat plus emtricitabine plus maraviroc, or mantaining actual care, tests were repeated after 24 weeks: CSF biomarkes (HIV RNA, tau, p-tau, Beta-amyloid1-42, S100Beta and neopterin) were included. Non-parametric tests (Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon’s) were used. 28 participants completed the study. Male and European ancestry were prevalent; median age was 55 years (51–60). All patients were virally suppressed; median CD4 + count was 626 cell/uL (469–772). Baseline characteristics were similar between the study arms. A significant decrease in CSF p-tau and an increase in CSF neopterin and NFL were observed. We observed a significant reduction in liver stiffness at W24. Despite a small sample size we observed changes in neuromarkers and in hepatic stiffness in patients randomized to the experimental arm. We observed changes in CSF biomarkers (lower phosphorylated-tau and higher neopterin and NFL) that need to be replicated in large cohorts. Subclinical neurotoxicity may be observed in patients with HAND and warrants prospective studies.
Graphical Abstract