bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Applications of Amino Acid Derived Aldehydes in Asymmetric Hydroxylation Reactions Using Nitrosobenzene
Authors: Jain Vipin Kumar , Dhillon Sudeep , Kinger Mayank 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis review highlights the proline-catalyzed asymmetric α-hydroxylation of aldehydes derived from amino acids. This reaction provides a robust method for introducing a hydroxyl group at the α-position of the aldehyde with high stereocontrol. The stereochemical outcome of the hydroxylation is primarily governed by the chiral environment of the proline catalyst and is further influenced by the pre-existing chiral center within the substrate. Post-hydroxylation, the aldehyde intermediates can be readily transformed into alcohols or olefins, depending on the synthetic requirements. We explore the utility of amino acid derived aldehydes, such as those obtained from l-glutamic acid, phenylalanine, proline, and l-aspartic acid, in the context of asymmetric synthesis. The scope of this methodology extends to the efficient construction of various natural products and bioactive compounds, highlighting its significance in modern organic synthesis.1	Introduction2	Mechanistic Overview of the Proline-Catalyzed Asymmetric α-Hydroxylation of Aldehydes3	Review of the Proline-Catalyzed Asymmetric α-Hydroxylation of Aldehydes4	Current Overview and Future Prospective5	Conclusion
Epidemiological Characteristics and Maternal Risk Factors of Microtia and Aural Atresia in Kazakhstan
Authors: Imangaliyeva Assel , Suatbayeva Rimma , Slazhneva Tatyana , Medeulova Aigul , Mukanova Zhanetta , Kulimbetov Amangeldy , Mileshina Neilya , Glushkova Natalya , Izmailovich Marina , Semenova Yuliya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction Microtia and aural atresia present congenital ear anomalies that affect external ear and are associated with conductive hearing loss. Both anomalies result from exposure to various prenatal risk factors, most common during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Objective This study was aimed at epidemiological analysis of microtia/atresia and associated risk factors in the Kazakhstani population.
Methods A retrospective study in two stages. First, a cross-sectional analysis of microtia/ atresia frequencies from 2015 to 2019 on the basis of official statistics obtained from the Republican Centre for E-Health. Then, a case-control study was carried out to elucidate maternal risk factors associated with occurrence of microtia/atresia. We recruited patients presented in Almaty, Kazakhstan, between September 2021 and February 2022.
Results There was a substantial regional variation in the rates of both aural atresia and microtia/anotia. Mothers of children with microtia disclosed toxoplasmosis, other agents (including HIV, syphilis, varicella), rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex (TORCH) infections during pregnancy more often than those of healthy children (45.8 versus 7.3%; p < 0.001). Exposure to different chemicals during pregnancy was mentioned more frequently by mothers of children with microtia when compared with the healthy controls (18.1 versus 8.1%; p = 0.035). Self-reporting of alcohol consumption and intake of antibiotics was also significantly higher in mothers of children with microtia (31.9 and 36.1% respectively).
Conclusion Elucidation of microtia/atresia epidemiology is important due to their imposed social and economic burden, associated with treatment and rehabilitation costs.
Seroprevalence and Associated Outcomes of Parvovirus B19 Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohamed Sagad O. O. , Mohamedelmugadam Reem A. A. , Almardi Safa A. M. , Ahmed Tassnem H. M. , Ibrahim Malaz E. H. , Mohamedali Abdalla O. O. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSeveral case reports have highlighted the presence of serious clinical outcomes in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related to parvovirus B19 (PVB19). However, epidemiological studies have produced inconsistent and varying results regarding the prevalence of PVB19 and its associated clinical outcomes in this population. These inconsistencies highlight the need for a thorough summary and analysis of present data to better understand burden and impact of PVB19 on HIV patients. This review aims to provide an overview of current evidence and identify areas for further research.Following the Meta-analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, and World Health Organization Virtual Health Library Regional Portal. The pooled prevalence with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was measured using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software version 3.3. Publication bias was estimated based on Begg's test, Egger's test, and examination of the funnel plots.A total of 16 studies, with 2,122 HIV patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of detecting anti-PVB19 immunoglobulin G, anti-PVB19 immunoglobulin M, and PVB19 DNA particles among HIV patients was 43.6% (95% CI: 23.5–66.1%), 5.10% (95% CI: 2.10–12.10%), and 6.40% (95% CI: 4.10–9.90%), respectively. In the overall population of HIV patients, most of the included studies did not establish a statistically significant association between PVB19 infection and the occurrence of anemia.PVB19 infection is commonly detected in individuals with HIV. However, anemia due to PVB19 is not common in this population. Findings from a few studies suggest that PVB19 infection may contribute to anemia in individuals with advanced HIV disease or significant immunosuppression. Additional research is needed to confirm and clarify these relationships in individuals with HIV, particularly those with compromised immune systems.
The mobilization of “a difficult past” in narrating the Russian invasion of Ukraine by the German and Italian backlash
Authors: Zavershinskaia Polina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The mobilization of the collective past is an important resource for civil actors to shape symbolic frameworks of their societies and foster collective solidarity by overcoming “difficult pasts.” Nevertheless, not every social actor maintains civil solidarity. This paper deals with the backlash undermining the temporal framework of the civil sphere, its exacerbation of collective traumas, and the stimulation of a feeling of crisis that erodes the civil sphere’s center. Specifically, I examine whether and how mnemonic narratives employed by the German and Italian backlash stimulated the crisis surrounding the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The findings suggest that, on the one hand, reopening the wounds of the past, the German backlash provoked an acute sense of crisis and exacerbated social polarization in the German civil sphere, which may trigger its inversion expressed in the substitution of frontlash democratic coding with backlash anticivil imitation. On the other hand, by resorting to mnemonic narration, the Italian backlash attempted to minimize the significance of the Russian invasion, antagonizing the Italian state for ignoring domestic issues. This comparative study, therefore, evidenced the different uses of “a difficult past” by the political backlash to stimulate the erosion of the civil sphere.
Decoherence and vibrational energy relaxation of the electronically excited PtPOP complex in solution
Authors: Birgisson Benedikt O. , Dohn Asmus Ougaard , Jónsson Hannes , Levi Gianluca 
Published: January 2025

Understanding the ultrafast vibrational relaxation following photoexcitation of molecules in a condensed phase is essential to predict the outcome and improve the efficiency of photoinduced molecular processes. Here, the vibrational decoherence and energy relaxation of a binuclear complex, [Pt2(P2O5H2)4]4− (PtPOP), upon electronic excitation in liquid water and acetonitrile are investigated through direct adiabatic dynamics simulations. A quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) scheme is used where the excited state of the complex is modeled with orbital-optimized density functional calculations while solvent molecules are described using potential energy functions. The decoherence time of the Pt–Pt vibration dominating the photoinduced dynamics is found to be ∼1.6 ps in both solvents. This is in excellent agreement with experimental measurements in water, where intersystem crossing is slow (&gt;10 ps). Pathways for the flow of excess energy are identified by monitoring the power of the solvent on vibrational modes. The latter are obtained as generalized normal modes from the velocity covariances, and the power is computed using QM/MM embedding forces. Excess vibrational energy is found to be predominantly released through short-range repulsive and attractive interactions between the ligand atoms and surrounding solvent molecules, whereas solute–solvent interactions involving the Pt atoms are less important. Since photoexcitation deposits most of the excess energy into Pt–Pt vibrations, energy dissipation to the solvent is inefficient. This study reveals the mechanism behind the exceptionally long vibrational coherence of the photoexcited PtPOP complex in solution and underscores the importance of short-range interactions for accurate simulations of vibrational energy relaxation of solvated molecules.
Effects of prolonged starvation on body mass and respiratory physiology of the New Zealand abalone or pāua, Haliotis iris
Authors: Marsden Islay D. , Taylor H. Harry 
Published: January 2025

Context Subtidal, adult pāua experience irregular food supply. The effects of prolonged starvation have not been examined. Aim To examine effects of 105-day starvation on body mass, respiration and haemolymph proteins. Methods Pāua, maintained at 15°C, were divided into groups that were either fed Macrocystis pyrifera, or starved; each group was further divided between pāua whose haemolymph was sampled at intervals and those sampled only at the beginning and end of the experimental period. Body mass, condition, oxygen uptake and gonad index were measured at the start and end. Key results Total mass of both fed and starved groups did not change significantly. The condition of the starved individuals decreased significantly. Haemocyanin accounts almost entirely for haemolymph proteins. The haemolymph haemocyanin concentration in fed abalone fell by 17–27% over 105 days, and by 49–63% in starved individuals. Final normoxic oxygen uptake was similar in starved and fed pāua and declined similarly during hypoxia. Conclusions Pāua may survive extended periods of starvation by metabolising body tissues and haemocyanin, with only minor changes in their mass, condition and aerobic respiration. Implications These primitive gastropods have mechanisms to survive stressors associated with low food availability. Maintenance of body volume in this osmoconformer supports gill perfusion and the functioning of the hydraulic skeleton in locomotion.
Factors influencing experiences of non-consensual sex: results from a mixed data cross-sectional online survey of Australian university students
Authors: Wenham Kathryn , Durham Jo , Mullens Amy B. , Brömdal Annette , Debattista Joseph , Parma Gianna , Gu Zhihong , Ariana Armin , Gilks Charles F. , Bell Sara F. E. , Dean Judith A. 
Published: January 2025

Background The high prevalence of non-consensual sex, including physical force, verbal threats, intimidation, and/or verbal coercion and rape among university students, has prompted urgent calls for action from governments, statutory, and university bodies. This research aims to identify key factors students see as contributing to non-consensual sex with a view to developing effective strategies to address these issues. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was administered to 4291 university students attending universities in south-east Queensland, Australia. Participants were recruited via email, print media, and face-to-face invitations. The survey contained closed and open-ended questions on a range of sexual health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours, including non-consensual sexual experiences. A subset of students (n = 199) who responded ‘yes’ to engaging in sexual acts against their consent were the primary participants for this paper. Descriptive statistical analysis and thematic analysis, employing the theory of planned behaviour, were conducted using the quantitative and qualitative data regarding non-consensual sex, respectively. Results Immediate and longer-term fear and partner eagerness were the most commonly identified influences on non-consensual sex. An inability to give consent due to lack of consciousness or intoxication were also frequently cited factors contributing to non-consensual sex. Conclusions Interventions acknowledging and addressing sociocultural factors are needed. Sexuality and relationship education encompassing effective communication, relationship boundaries, and safe use of alcohol and drugs could substantially reduce the incidence of non-consensual sex. Importantly, such education should be non-judgmental and place greater responsibility on perpetrators than victim-survivors.
A systematic review of One Health perspective on the use of antimicrobials in Nigeria
Authors: Arama Umulkhairah Onyioiza , Oduoye Malik Olatunde , Akanbi-Hakeem Bolanle , Khan Misha , Wechuli Polyne , Aliyu Amina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and aim:
Nigeria, being the most populous country in Africa, faces a significant burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This article aims to highlight the need for all sectors in One Health, including human and animal health, to work together in reducing the misuse of antimicrobials in Nigeria.
Methodology:
Past and present articles were systematically searched on electronic databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and PubMed within 10 years (2013–2023). Rayyan software was used for screening the articles. After the first screening, 100 (n = 100) articles met our inclusion criteria, while 63 articles were excluded. A total of 37 articles that met the objectives of this study were finally used.
Results:
There is irrational use of antimicrobials in Nigeria. A high prevalence of AMR was found in Nigeria. Results of a national survey of public awareness of AMR in Nigeria showed that about one-third of the general public uses antibiotics without a prescription. Poor knowledge, attitude, and practice of One Health towards AMR were found in most parts of Nigeria.
Conclusion:
To avert the escalation of AMR to critical levels within Nigeria, the Nigerian government and the general public need to work together in the spirit of self-reliance and honesty to take prompt, decisive, and substantive actions towards AMR control in Nigeria.

One Health impact statement

Combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has always involved the need for a One Health approach. This article aims to highlight the need for all sectors in One Health, including human and animal health, to work together in reducing the misuse of antimicrobials in Nigeria. The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), in 2017, launched a plan that utilizes a One Health approach in solving AMR. The plan included surveillance of antimicrobial use in One Health sector, scaling up vaccination in both humans and animals and improving the capacity of regulatory agencies across One Health sector (Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC),
2017
). Though enforcement of these plans in Nigeria is still underway, Nigeria is still plagued with AMR as it received a score of 2.4 out of 5 in a recent evaluation (Abujah,
2023
). This review aims to reiterate the importance of a One Health approach and highlights the progress of AMR eradication in Nigeria.
Einstein–Klein–Gordon system via Cauchy-characteristic evolution: computation of memory and ringdown tail
Authors: Ma Sizheng , Nelli Kyle C , Moxon Jordan , Scheel Mark A , Deppe Nils , Kidder Lawrence E , Throwe William , Vu Nils L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cauchy-characteristic evolution (CCE) is a powerful method for accurately extracting gravitational waves at future null infinity. In this work, we extend the previously implemented CCE system within the numerical relativity code SpECTRE by incorporating a scalar field. This allows the system to capture features of beyond-general-relativity theories. We derive scalar contributions to the equations of motion, Weyl scalar computations, Bianchi identities, and balance laws at future null infinity. Our algorithm, tested across various scenarios, accurately reveals memory effects induced by both scalar and tensor fields and captures Price’s power-law tail (

u

−
l
−
2

) in scalar fields at future null infinity, in contrast to the

t

−
2
l
−
3

tail at future timelike infinity.
Probing cosmic chemical enrichment with next-generation gravitational-wave observatories
Authors: Fishbach Maya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
By observing binary black hole (BBH) mergers out to the edge of the Universe, next-generation (XG) ground-based gravitational-wave detectors like Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope will map the BBH merger rate across all of cosmic history. This merger rate traces the formation rate of their progenitor stars convolved with a delay time distribution. Given theoretically-motivated priors on the delay time distribution, we show how XG observations can measure the BBH progenitor formation rate, probing the star formation rate (SFR) up to z > 15. However, the progenitor formation rate does not directly give a measurement of the SFR, but rather a combination of the SFR and its metallicity distribution as a function of redshift. Fortunately, the metallicity-dependence of BBH formation likely varies as a function of BBH mass and/or formation channel. We find that if different BBH subpopulations with distinct metallicity biases can be identified, comparing their rates as a function of redshift yields a simultaneous measurement of the SFR and its metallicity distribution. Given optimistic theoretical priors and one year of observation, this may provide a

∼
10
%

measurement of the SFR at its peak and a 0.2 dex (0.7 dex) measurement of the median metallicity out to z = 10 (z = 15) at 90% credibility, although the uncertainties scale with theoretical uncertainties on BBH delay times and formation efficiencies.
Conductance oscillations in helicene-based junctions
Authors: García-Inglés Jorge , Roldán-Piñero C , Alejandro Moreno Ramos Diego , Uceda Rafael G , Cuerva Juan M , Leary Edmund , Miguel Delia , Zotti Linda A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We have carried out a theoretical study into electron transport through molecular junctions based on dithiolated helicenes of varying lengths. We found that, for certain specific structural conditions, in which the orientation and the pitch of the helical structures are kept constant, the transmission at the Fermi level exhibits oscillations as a function of the molecular length, which approximately follow an odd–even pattern. Dispersive interactions alter this trend, however, ensuing a rather different quasi-periodic oscillating pattern with a sawtooth profile.
Super-resolution crack image generation for fixed PTZ camera–based highway pavement crack recognition
Authors: Wang Huaiqiang , Shao Chunyan , Feng Xuezhi , Xia Zhiqiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Among the various defects that inevitably occur on expressways, cracks are the most common and significant indicators of highway pavement damage. Timely and accurate crack recognition is urgently required for highway maintenance. Highway pavement crack recognition depends primarily on human visual inspection and expressway maintenance vehicles. These approaches are very time-consuming, labor-intensive, and difficult to implement in civil engineering. Cost-effective fixed pan/tilt/zoom (PTZ) camera–based crack recognition was investigated in our previous work. However, for pavement cracks captured at long camera distances, the limited resolution of the PTZ vision generates low-resolution crack images. In addition, the cracks exhibit weak features, such that the crack pixels density and distribution are significantly affected by the background noise, making it challenging to recognize these cracks. Aiming to solve these problems, a high-order kernel-based modified bicubic interpolation is proposed to typically reveal and characterize discrete pixel variations, obtain high-quality super-resolution crack images, and improve the recognition performance of cracks. Extensive experiments with respect to the crack datasets captured by PTZ cameras on G4/highways in China are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed method. Two measurement parameters, namely Just Noticeable Blur (JNB) and Structural Similarity Index, confirm the high quality of the super-resolution crack images. Experimental comparisons demonstrate that super-resolution crack image-based crack recognition achieves out-performance, such that the mAP, precision (P), recall (R), and

F
1

-score are increased to

95.3
%
,
97.3
%
,
96.1
%

, and 97.4%, respectively. This method proves the feasibility of high-efficiency crack recognition using modified bicubic interpolation for fixed PTZ vision-based expressways maintenance engineering.
Patch-based dual-domain photon-counting CT data correction with residual-based WGAN-ViT
Authors: Morovati Bahareh , Li Mengzhou , Han Shuo , Zhou Li , Wang Dayang , Wang Ge , Yu Hengyong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective. x-ray photon-counting detectors have recently gained popularity due to their capabilities in energy discrimination power, noise suppression, and resolution refinement. The latest extremity photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) scanner leverages these advantages for tissue characterization, material decomposition, beam hardening correction, and metal artifact reduction. However, technical challenges such as charge splitting and pulse pileup can distort the energy spectrum and compromise image quality. Also, there is a clinical need to balance radiation dose and imaging speed for contrast-enhancement and other studies. This paper aims to address these challenges by developing a dual-domain correction approach to enhance PCCT reconstruction quality quantitatively and qualitatively. Approach. We propose a novel correction method that operates in both projection and image domains. In the projection domain, we employ a residual-based Wasserstein generative adversarial network to capture local and global features, suppressing pulse pileup, charge splitting, and data noise. This is facilitated with traditional filtering methods in the image domain to enhance signal-to-noise ratio while preserving texture across each energy channel. To address GPU memory constraints, our approach utilizes a patch-based volumetric refinement network. Main results. Our dual-domain correction approach demonstrates significant fidelity improvements across both projection and image domains. Experiments on simulated and real datasets reveal that the proposed model effectively suppresses noise and preserves intricate details, outperforming the state-of-the-art methods. Significance. This approach highlights the potential of dual-domain PCCT data correction to enhance image quality for clinical applications, showing promise for advancing PCCT image fidelity and applicability in preclinical/clinical environments.