bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential endovascular coil embolization for a traumatic cervical vertebral AV fistula
Authors: Hung Chung‐Lieh , Wu Yih‐Jer , Lin Chung‐Shu , Hou Charles Jia‐Yin 
Published: September 2003

AbstractAn arteriovenous (AV) fistula involving the cervical vertebral artery is rare. Iatrogenic injury from percutaneous puncture and penetrating wounds are the most common causes. Symptoms include tinnitus and the presence of a pulsatile mass with a thrill. Conservative treatment with coil embolization and preservation of the vertebral artery is an alternative to surgical intervention. We report a patient who developed an AV fistula involving the vertebral artery and internal jugular vein following surgical repair of a stab wound to the neck. The sequential endovascular coil embolism was performed with subsequent successful occlusion of fistula. No neurological deficit developed during or after intervention. This approach appears to be a safe method in the treatment of vertebral AV fistula.Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2003;60:267–269. ©2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Arterial thrombosis for the interventional cardiologist: From adhesion molecules and coagulation factors to clinical therapeutics
Authors: Conde Ian D. , Kleiman Neal S. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractArterial thrombosis is the result of a complex and well‐orchestrated set of events where interactions between platelets and leukocytes are intertwined with enzymatic reactions of the coagulation system. Here, we present a contemporary panorama of arterial thrombosis and provide a framework the interventionalist can use to understand the current antithrombotic pharmacotherapies and recognize the role of therapies that have yet to be developed. We analyze thrombosis in the context of plaque rupture and vascular injury and describe the interactions between platelets and the subendothelium. We then discuss platelet‐leukocyte interactions, emphasizing the inflammatory nature of thrombosis and how this relates to vessel restenosis following angioplasty. The different reactions of the coagulation system are described not from an isolated perspective, but are integrated into the sequence of cell‐cell interactions that parallel them. Finally, we describe the mechanisms that terminate the thrombotic response. Catheter Cadiovasc Interv 2003;60:236–246. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Study of antirestenosis with the BiodivYsio dexamethasone‐eluting stent (STRIDE): A first‐in‐human multicenter pilot trial
Authors: Liu Xiaoshun , Huang Yanming , Hanet Claude , Vandormael Michel , Legrand Victor , Dens Joseph , Vandenbossche Jean Luc , Missault Luc , Vrints Christiaan , De Scheerder Ivan 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe aim of this multicenter pilot study was to evaluate the acute safety and efficacy of the dexamethasone‐eluting stent (0.5 μg/mm2 of stent) implanted in patients with de novo single‐vessel disease. This study included 71 patients, 42% of whom had unstable angina pectoris. An appropriately sized BiodivYsio Matrix Lo stent loaded with a total dexamethasone dose of 0.5 μg/mm2 of stent was used. Technical device success rate was 95%. Six‐month MACE occurred in two patients (3.3%). Binary restenosis rate was 13.3%. Late loss was 0.45. Late loss and percent diameter stenosis were lower in the unstable angina pectoris patients compared to the stable patients (0.32 ± 0.39 vs. 0.60 ± 0.55 mm, P < 0.07, and 26.86 ± 14 vs. 38.40 ± 16%, P < 0.02). This study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of the implantation of a dexamethasone‐eluting stent and its effect on in‐stent neointimal hyperplasia. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2003;60:172–178. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pacman sign during device closure of the patent foramen ovale
Authors: Meier Bernhard 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe Pacman Sign during devise closure of the patent foramen ovale refers to the aspect of the device on fluoroscopy that should be achieved before release. In an orthograde view, the cranial halves of the left and right atrial disks should appear like open jaws biting into the thick septum secundum reminding of arcade game figure Pacman about to gobble up a dot. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2003;60:221–223. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distal protection in native coronary arteries during primary angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction: Single‐center experience
Authors: Orrego Pedro Silva , Delgado Anabella , Piccalò Giacomo , Salvadè Paolo , Bonacina Edgardo , Klugmann Silvio 
Published: September 2003

AbstractDistal embolization of plaque or thrombotic debris is one of the mechanisms involved in the ischemia/reperfusion injury during primary percutaneous intervention for acute occlusion of a native coronary artery. We tested the clinical application of maximal antiplatelet therapy with abciximab combined with one of two different systems of mechanical distal protection: balloon occlusion and aspiration (PercuSurge) in 24 cases and a distal filter (FilterWire Ex) in 10 cases. Feasibility, technical limitations, and pitfalls are described. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2003;60:152–158. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐speed rotational atherectomy and coronary stenting: QCA and QCU analysis
Authors: Whitbourn Robert J. , Sethi Rajiv , Pomerantsev Eugene V. , Fitzgerald Peter J. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractTo evaluate the acute effect of pretreatment with high‐speed rotational atherectomy (HSRA) on stent deployment (rotastenting), we studied 33 patients with rotastenting of 40 segments, 34 patients with 40 coronary segments treated with Palmaz‐Schatz stenting alone, and 34 patients with 40 segments treated with HSRA. The HSRA‐ and stent‐alone patient groups were selected retrospectively by matching the quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) reference diameter (D ref). QCA revealed similar baseline percent of stenosis (85.3% ± 12.4%), minimal luminal diameter (MLD), and D ref. The percent area expansion was calculated as a ratio between the minimal intrastent area and the reference area measured by intracoronary ultrasound. The rotastent group was characterized by more frequent calcification compared to HSRA and stent groups (67.5% vs. 20% and 12.5%; P < 0.01). Lesion length determined by QCA was longer both in the HSRA and the rotastent groups vs. the stent‐alone group (21.1 ± 12.3 and 20.9 ± 4.3 vs. 17.0 ± 7.7 mm; P < 0.05). In this small study, there was no difference demonstrated between final MLD in the rotastent and stent‐alone groups. However, a smaller MLD was achieved in the HSRA group (3.0 ± 0.7 vs. 3.1 ± 0.5 vs. 2.5 ± 0.7 mm, respectively; P < 0.01). The degree of stent expansion was higher in the rotastent group compared to the stent‐alone group (91.9% ± 4.4% vs. 79.7% ± 3.4%; P < 0.03) and the % residual area of plaque was less for the rotastent group than for the stent‐alone group (12.1% ± 13.2% vs. 21.1% ± 17.5%; P = 0.03). These data suggest that antecedent HSRA atheroma debulking using HSRA results in improved intravascular stent expansion and reduction in residual plaque, facilitating optimal stent deployment. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2003;60:167–171. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Updated review of the global carotid artery stent registry
Authors: Wholey Michael H. , Al‐Mubarek Nadim , Wholey Mark H. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe purpose of this article was to review and update the current status of carotid artery stent placement in the world. Surveys of major interventional centers in Europe, North and South America, and Asia were initially completed in June 1997. Subsequent updates from these 24 centers in addition to 29 new centers have been obtained to bring up to date the information. The survey asked the various questions regarding the patients enrolled, procedure techniques, and results of carotid stenting, including complications and restenosis. The total number of endovascular carotid stent procedures that have been performed worldwide to date included 12,392 procedures involving 11,243 patients. There was a technical success of 98.9% with 12,254 carotid arteries treated. Complications that occurred during the carotid stent placement or within a 30‐day period following placement were recorded. Overall, there was transient ischemic attack rate of 3.07%, minor strokes of 2.14%, major strokes of 1.20%, and procedure‐related deaths of 0.64%. The combined minor and major strokes and procedure‐related death rate was 3.98% based on procedure number. With nonprocedure‐related death rate of 0.77%, the total stroke and death rate was 4.75%. Subsets of questions were directed at the new use of distal embolic protection devices; there were 6,753 cases done without protection and which incurred a 5.29% rate of strokes and procedure‐related deaths. In the 4,221 cases with cerebral protection, there was a 2.23% rate of strokes and procedure‐related deaths. Restenosis rates of carotid stenting have been 2.7%, 2.6%, and 2.4% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The rate of neurologic events after stent placement has been 1.2%, 1.3%, and 1.7% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Endovascular stent treatment of carotid artery atherosclerotic disease is growing as an alternative for vascular surgery, especially for patients who are high risk for standard carotid endarterectomy. The periprocedure risks for major and minor strokes and death are generally acceptable at this early stage of development and have shown an improvement with technological developments, including distal embolic protection. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2003;60:259‐266
Broad scaling region in a spatial ecological system
Authors: Roy Manojit , Pascual Mercedes , Franc Alain 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe ubiquity of scale‐free patterns in ecological systems has raised the possibility that these systems operate near criticality. Critical phenomena (CP) require the tuning of parameters and typically exhibit a narrow scaling region in which power laws hold. Here we show that an individual‐based predator‐prey model exhibits scaling properties similar to CP, generated by a percolation‐like transition but with a broader scaling region. There are no drastic changes in ecological quantities across this critical point and species coexist broadly in parameter space. The implications of these findings for the stability of ecological systems “near” criticality is discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collective stochastic versions of playable games as metaphors for complex biosystems: Team connect four
Authors: Safro Il'Ya , Segel Lee 
Published: September 2003

AbstractIn an effort to better understand complex biological systems, the game “Connect Four” is generalized to be a stochastic contest between two teams. Members of each team typically possess “sensors” that provide some information on the nearby deployment of the pieces. Sensing something interesting increases the probability that a given team member will move. Simulations show the relative strengths of various sensor weightings and thereby cast some light on the use of sensors in more general complex autonomous systems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A hierarchy machine: Learning to optimize from nature and humans
Authors: Pelikan Martin , Goldberg David E. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThis article proposes a competent hierarchical optimization method called the hierarchical Bayesian optimization algorithm (hBOA). hBOA extends the Bayesian optimization algorithm (BOA) by incorporating three important features for robust and scalable optimization of hierarchical problems: proper decomposition, chunking, and preservation of alternative solutions. Additionally, the article proposes a class of difficult hierarchical problems called hierarchical traps. hBOA is shown to provide a scalable solution to the class of hierarchically decomposable problems and anything easier. Specifically, hBOA can solve hierarchical traps and other nearly decomposable problems in approximately O(n1.55 log n) to O(n2) function evaluations, where n is the number of decision variables in the problem. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The scale of perceived interpersonal closeness (PICS)
Authors: Popovic M. , Milne D. , Barrett P. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe development and piloting of a new scale entitled the Perceived Interpersonal Closeness Scale (PICS) is described. The format of the PICS requires an individual to position other individuals within a circular ‘closeness’ space in which the distance between these others can be mapped as an ordinal distance rating. By removing the reliance on verbal ratings, the PICS is designed to be easily understood by respondents. The PICS is specifically designed to measure individual perception of interpersonal (socio‐emotional) closeness and captures both the individual's actual and ideal sense of perceived closeness and social support. The results illustrate that the scale has satisfactory psychometric properties, including short‐term test–retest reliability (median value rs = 0.77), and acceptable face, concurrent and discriminant validity. It is proposed that this instrument is a pan‐theoretical and psychometrically sound assessment tool that can be clinically useful, regardless of therapeutic orientation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
People with delusions jump to conclusions: a theoretical account of research findings on the reasoning of people with delusions
Authors: Dudley R. E. J. , Over D. E. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractRecent multifactorial models of psychotic symptoms such as delusions emphasize a role for reasoning biases in the maintenance of delusional beliefs. Specifically, people with delusions are seen to jump to conclusions. This well‐replicated experimental finding has received little in the way of theoretical explanation. In this paper we review this and other research findings examining reasoning of people with delusions and account for these findings by drawing on a model of reasoning. This theoretical integration helps understand the tendency of people with delusions to exhibit this reasoning style. Specifically, we propose that people without delusions demonstrate a normal tendency to confirm danger‐related conditional statements and that people with delusions perceive danger and threat where others do not. Hence, this normal reasoning style is extended to non‐threatening situations. The theoretical and clinical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What makes psychotherapy sessions productive? a new approach to bridging the gap between process research and practice
Authors: Smith Emma C. , Grawe Klaus 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThis paper proposes a new strategy for bridging the gap between psychotherapy process research and practice. Constructs covering the full spectrum of potential change mechanisms are derived from a general theory of human functioning (Grawe's Consistency Theory) and operationalized by Therapy Spectrum Analysis (TSA), a measure of the realization of therapeutic change mechanisms within individual therapy sessions. Using the data generated by TSA, we conducted an exploratory search for meaningful patterns of process and session‐outcome variables using Answer Tree as a context‐sensitive method of data analysis. Results show that process‐activated resources of the patients, in particular their responsiveness to interventions and motivation are especially predictive of the session productivity experienced. Further analyses were conducted to uncover how the patients' participation can be promoted and results translate into guidelines for the session‐to‐session decisions by clinicians. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epicardium is required for the full rate of myocyte proliferation and levels of expression of myocyte mitogenic factors FGF2 and its receptor, FGFR‐1, but not for transmural myocardial patterning in the embryonic chick heart
Authors: Pennisi David J. , Ballard Victoria L.T. , Mikawa Takashi 
Published: September 2003

AbstractProper heart development requires patterning across the myocardial wall. Early myocardial patterning is characterized by a transmural subdivision of the myocardium into an outer, highly mitotic, compact zone and an inner, trabecular zone with lower mitotic activity. We have shown previously that fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) ‐mediated signaling is central to myocyte proliferation in the developing heart. Consistent with this, FGFR‐1 and FGF2 are more highly expressed in myocytes of the compact zone. However, the mechanism that regulates the transmural pattern of myocyte proliferation and expression of these mitogenic factors is unknown. The present study examined whether this transmural patterning occurs in a myocardium‐autonomous manner or by signals from the epicardium. Microsurgical inhibition of epicardium formation in the embryonic chick gives rise to a decrease in myocyte proliferation, accounting for a thinner compact myocardium. We show that the transmural pattern of myocyte mitotic activity is maintained in these hearts. Consistent with this, the expression patterns of FGF1, FGF2, and FGFR‐1 across the myocardium persist in the absence of the epicardium. However, FGF2 and FGFR‐1 mRNA levels are reduced in proportion to the depletion of epicardium. The results suggest that epicardium‐derived signals are essential for maintenance of the correct amount of myocyte proliferation in the compact myocardium, by means of levels of mitogen expression in the myocardium. However, initiation and maintenance of transmural patterning of the myocardium occurs largely independently of the epicardium. Developmental Dynamics 228:161–172, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of mouse fibroblast growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptor genes during early inner ear development
Authors: Wright Tracy J. , Hatch Ekaterina P. , Karabagli Hakan , Karabagli Pinar , Schoenwolf Gary C. , Mansour Suzanne L. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe inner ear, which mediates hearing and equilibrium, develops from an ectodermal placode located adjacent to the developing hindbrain. Induction of the placode and its subsequent morphogenesis and differentiation into the inner ear epithelium and its sensory neurons, involves signalling interactions within and between otic and non‐otic tissues. Several members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family play important roles at various stages of otic development; however, there are additional family members that have not been evaluated. In this study, we surveyed the expression patterns of 18 mouse Fgf and 3 Fgf receptor (Fgfr) genes during early otic development. Two members of the Fgf family, Fgf4 and Fgf16, and all three tested members of the Fgfr family, Fgfr2c, Fgfr3c, and Fgfr4, were expressed in tissues relevant to inner ear development. Fgf4 transcripts were expressed in the preplacodal and placodal ectoderm, suggesting potential roles in placode induction and/or maintenance. Fgf16 was expressed in the posterior otic cup and vesicle, suggesting roles in otic cell fate decisions and/or axis formation. Development Dynamics 228:267–272, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Myocardial volume and organization are changed by failure of addition of secondary heart field myocardium to the cardiac outflow tract
Authors: Yelbuz T. Mesud , Waldo Karen L. , Zhang Xiaowei , Zdanowicz Marzena , Parker Jeremy , Creazzo Tony L. , Johnson G. Allan , Kirby Margaret L. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractCardiac neural crest ablation results in primary myocardial dysfunction and failure of the secondary heart field to add the definitive myocardium to the cardiac outflow tract. The current study was undertaken to understand the changes in myocardial characteristics in the heart tube, including volume, proliferation, and cell size when the myocardium from the secondary heart field fails to be added to the primary heart tube. We used magnetic resonance and confocal microscopy to determine that the volume of myocardium in the looped heart was dramatically reduced and the compact layer of myocardium was thinner after neural crest ablation, especially in the outflow tract and ventricular regions. Proliferation measured by 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine incorporation was elevated at only one stage during looping, cell death was normal and myocardial cell size was increased. Taken together, these results indicate that there are fewer myocytes in the heart. By incubation day 8 when the heart would have normally completed septation, the anterior (ventral) wall of the right ventricle and right ventricular outflow tract was significantly thinner in the neural crest‐ablated embryos than normal, but the thickness of the compact myocardium was normal in all other regions of the heart. The decreased volume and number of myocardial cells in the heart tube after neural crest ablation most likely reflects the amount of myocardium added by the secondary heart field. Development Dynamics 228:152–160, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification and regulation of tissue‐specific cis‐acting elements associated with the human AP‐2α gene
Authors: Zhang J. , Williams T. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractMice lacking transcription factor AP‐2α exhibit defects in the formation of the head, body wall, heart, neural tube, eye, and limbs, reflecting important sites of AP‐2α expression in the developing embryo. AP‐2α is also expressed in the postnatal mammary gland and has been linked to tumor progression and defects in growth regulation in the breast. We have used a transgenic mouse approach to identify tissue‐specific cis‐acting sequences associated with expression of the human AP‐2α gene. Our analysis indicates that multiple elements located throughout the gene contribute to expression in the trigeminal ganglia, spinal cord, mammary gland, and epidermis. A discrete cis‐element located within the fifth intron is required for expression in the face and limbs, and we have derived a permanent line of AP‐2α::lacZ transgenic mice to assess expression of this latter enhancer throughout morphogenesis. We also introduced this transgene into an AP‐2α–null mouse background and detected subtle alterations of its expression within the progress zone and apical ectodermal ridge of the forelimbs. Similar changes in lacZ expression were observed within the zeugopod, and these correlated with defects in radius condensation in AP‐2α–knockout mice. Taken together, these findings indicate that cell:cell communication within the forelimb is altered in the absence of AP‐2α and reveal novel regulatory potential for AP‐2α in limb development. Developmental Dynamics 228:194–207, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of murine ELL‐associated factor 2 (Eaf2) is developmentally regulated
Authors: Li Min , Wu Xiangbing , Zhuang Fengfeng , Jiang Shaoyun , Jiang Meisheng , Liu Yi‐Hsin 
Published: September 2003

AbstractEaf2, ELL‐associated factor 2, encodes a protein that is homologous to the human EAF1, which was shown to interact with the transcriptional elongation factor MEN/ELL. During mouse embryogenesis, Eaf2 is preferentially expressed in the central nervous system and in sensory and neuroendocrine organs, including the brain, spinal cord, cranial and spinal ganglia, developing otocyst, the retina, and the pituitary. Eaf2 transcripts were also found in sites where active epithelium–mesenchymal interactions are occurring. These included the invaginating tooth buds, mammary gland anlage, submandibular glands, the lung, the pancreas, and the kidney. Other sites of expression included bladder and intestine. In the developing lens, Eaf2 transcripts were absent in the proliferating anterior lens epithelial cells but were present in the terminally differentiated primary lens fiber cells and also in nonproliferating lens fiber cells in the equatorial zone where lens epithelial cells withdraw from cell cycle and terminally differentiate into secondary lens fiber cells. This spatially restricted pattern of Eaf2 expression in the developing lens suggests that Eaf2 may play an important role in regulating lens maturation. Developmental Dynamics 228:273–280, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.