bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What will others think of me? The longitudinal association between trauma-related shame and guilt and psychopathology after a terror attack
Authors: Glad Kristin Alve , Aakvaag Helene Flood , Wentzel-Larsen Tore , Dyb Grete , Thoresen Siri 
Published: January 2024

Background
Trauma-related shame and guilt have been identified as important factors for mental health following interpersonal trauma. For survivors of terror and disasters, however, the role of shame and guilt remains largely unknown.

Aims
To explore the long-term occurrence of trauma-related shame and guilt among survivors of a terror attack, and the potential importance of these emotions for mental health.

Method
A total of 347 survivors (48.7% female, mean age at the time of the attack: 19.25 years, s.d. = 4.40) of the 2011 massacre on Utøya island, Norway, participated in face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. Trauma-related shame and guilt were measured with items from the Shame and Guilt After Trauma Scale at 2.5 and 8.5 years post-terror attack. Post-traumatic reactions and anxiety/depression at 8.5 years post-terror attack were measured with the University of California at Los Angeles PTSD Reaction Index and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25, respectively. Associations between trauma-related shame/guilt and post-trauma psychopathology were analysed by multiple linear regressions.

Results
Trauma-related shame and guilt were prevalent among survivors at both 2.5 and 8.5 years post-terror attack. In unadjusted analyses, shame and guilt, at both time points, were significantly associated with post-traumatic stress reactions and anxiety/depression. Shame remained significantly associated with mental health when adjusted for guilt. Both earlier and current shame were uniquely related to mental health.

Conclusions
Trauma-related shame and guilt may be prevalent in survivors of mass trauma several years after the event. Shame, in particular, may play an important role for long-term mental health. Clinicians may find it helpful to explicitly address shame in treatment of mass trauma survivors.
Global prevalence of psychosocial assessment following hospital-treated self-harm: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Witt Katrina , McGill Katie , Leckning Bernard , Hill Nicole T. M. , Davies Benjamin M. , Robinson Jo , Carter Gregory 
Published: January 2024

Background
Hospital-treated self-harm is common, costly and associated with repeated self-harm and suicide. Providing a comprehensive psychosocial assessment following self-harm is recommended by professional bodies and may improve outcomes.

Aims
To review the provision of psychosocial assessments after hospital-presenting self-harm and the extent to which macro-level factors indicative of service provision explain variability in these estimates.

Method
We searched five electronic databases to 3 January 2023 for studies reporting data on the proportion of patients and/or events that were provided a psychosocial assessment. Pooled weighted prevalence estimates were calculated with the random-effects model. Random-effects meta-regression was used to investigate between-study variability.

Results
119 publications (69 unique samples) were included. Across ages, two-thirds of patients had a psychosocial assessment (0.67, 95% CI 0.58–0.76). The proportion was higher for young people and older adults (0.75, 95% CI 0.36–0.99 and 0.83, 95% CI 0.48–1.00, respectively) compared with adults (0.64, 95% CI 0.54–0.73). For events, around half of all presentations had these assessments across the age range. No macro-level factor explained between-study heterogeneity.

Conclusions
There is room for improvement in the universal provision of psychosocial assessments for self-harm. This represents a missed opportunity to review and tailor aftercare supports for those at risk. Given the marked unexplained heterogeneity between studies, the person- and system-level factors that influence provision of psychosocial assessments after self-harm should be studied further.
Severe depression and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Scotland: 20 year national cohort study
Authors: Alotaibi Raied , Halbesma Nynke , Wild Sarah H. , Jackson Caroline A. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Understanding cause of death in people with depression could inform approaches to reducing premature mortality.

Aim
To describe all-cause and cause-specific mortality for people with severe depression in Scotland, by sex, relative to the general population.

Method
We performed a retrospective cohort study, using psychiatric hospital admission data linked to death data, to identify adults (≥18 years old) with severe depression and ascertain cause-specific deaths, during 2000–2019. We estimated relative all-cause and cause-specific mortality for people with severe depression using standardised mortality ratios (SMRs), stratified by sex using the whole Scottish population as the standard.

Results
Of 28 808 people with severe depression, 7903 (27.4%) died during a median follow-up of 8.7 years. All-cause relative mortality was over three times higher than expected (SMR, both sexes combined: 3.26, 95% CI 3.19–3.34). Circulatory disease was the leading cause of death, and, among natural causes of death, excess relative mortality was highest for circulatory diseases (SMR 2.51, 2.40–2.66), respiratory diseases (SMR 3.79, 3.56–4.01) and ‘other’ causes (SMR 4.10, 3.89–4.30). Among circulatory disease subtypes, excess death was highest for cerebrovascular disease. Both males and females with severe depression had higher all-cause and cause-specific mortality than the general population. Suicide had the highest SMR among both males (SMR 12.44, 95% CI 11.33–13.54) and females (22.86, 95% CI 20.35–25.36).

Conclusion
People with severe depression have markedly higher all-cause mortality than the general population in Scotland, with relative mortality varying by cause of death. Effective interventions are needed to reduce premature mortality for people with severe depression.
Modifiable Risk Factors and Risk of Colorectal and Endometrial Cancers in Lynch Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Power Robert F. , Doherty Damien E. , Parker Imelda , Gallagher David J. , Lowery Maeve A. , Cadoo Karen A. 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE Lynch syndrome is the most common hereditary cause of colorectal and endometrial cancers. Modifiable risk factors, including obesity, physical activity, alcohol intake, and smoking, are well-established in sporadic cancers but are less studied in Lynch syndrome. METHODS Searches were conducted on MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science for cohort studies that investigated the association between modifiable risk factors and the risk of colorectal or endometrial cancer in people with Lynch syndrome. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for colorectal and endometrial cancers were pooled using a random effects model. The protocol was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD 42022378462), and the meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guidelines. RESULTS A total of 770 citations were reviewed. Eighteen studies were identified for qualitative synthesis, with seven colorectal cancer (CRC) studies eligible for meta-analysis. Obesity (HR, 2.38 [95% CI, 1.52 to 3.73]) was associated with increased CRC risk. There was no increased CRC risk associated with smoking (HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.82 to 1.32]) or alcohol intake (HR, 1.32 [95% CI, 0.97 to 1.81]). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and some dietary factors might increase risk of CRC although more studies are needed. In a qualitative synthesis of three endometrial cancer cohort studies, female hormonal risk factors and T2DM may affect the risk of endometrial cancer, but obesity was not associated with an increased risk. CONCLUSION Lifestyle recommendations related to weight and physical activity may also be relevant to cancer prevention for individuals with Lynch syndrome. Further high-quality prospective cohort studies, in particular, including endometrial cancer as an end point, are needed to inform evidence-based cancer prevention strategies in this high-risk population.
Chemicals Used in Plastic Materials: An Estimate of the Attributable Disease Burden and Costs in the United States
Authors: Trasande Leonardo , Krithivasan Roopa , Park Kevin , Obsekov Vladislav , Belliveau Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
Chemicals used in plastics have been described to contribute to disease and disability, but attributable fractions have not been quantified to assess specific contributions. Without this information, interventions proposed as part of the Global Plastics Treaty cannot be evaluated for potential benefits.

Objective
To accurately inform the tradeoffs involved in the ongoing reliance on plastic production as a source of economic productivity in the United States, we calculated the attributable disease burden and cost due to chemicals used in plastic materials in 2018.

Methods
We first analyzed the existing literature to identify plastic-related fractions (PRF) of disease and disability for specific polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDE), phthalates, bisphenols, and polyfluoroalkyl substances and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). We then updated previously published disease burden and cost estimates for these chemicals in the United States to 2018. By uniting these data, we computed estimates of attributable disease burden and costs due to plastics in the United States.

Results
We identified PRFs of 97.5% for bisphenol A (96.25-98.75% for sensitivity analysis), 98% (96%-99%) for di-2-ethylhexylphthalate, 100% (71%-100%) for butyl phthalates and benzyl phthalates, 98% (97%-99%) for PBDE-47, and 93% (16%-96%) for PFAS. In total, we estimate $249 billion (sensitivity analysis: $226 billion-$289 billion) in plastic-attributable disease burden in 2018. The majority of these costs arose as a result of PBDE exposure, though $66.7 billion ($64.7 billion-67.3 billion) was due to phthalate exposure and $22.4 billion was due to PFAS exposure (sensitivity analysis: $3.85-$60.1 billion).

Conclusion
Plastics contribute substantially to disease and associated social costs in the United States, accounting for 1.22% of the gross domestic product. The costs of plastic pollution will continue to accumulate as long as exposures continue at current levels. Actions through the Global Plastics Treaty and other policy initiatives will reduce these costs in proportion to the actual reductions in chemical exposures achieved.
Presentation and Management of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis After Supratentorial Craniotomy
Authors: Planet Martin , Roux Alexandre , Elia Angela , Moiraghi Alessandro , Leclerc Arthur , Aboubakr Oumaima , Bedioui Aziz , Antonia Simboli Giorgia , Benzakoun Joseph , Parraga Eduardo , Dezamis Edouard , Muto Jun , Chrétien Fabrice , Oppenheim Catherine , Turc Guillaume , Zanello Marc , Pallud Johan 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) after supratentorial craniotomy is a poorly studied complication, for which there are no management guidelines. This study assessed the incidence, associated risk factors, and management of postoperative CVST after awake craniotomy.

METHODS:
This is an observational, retrospective, monocentric analysis of patients who underwent a supratentorial awake craniotomy. Postoperative CVST was defined as a flow defect on the postoperative contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted sequence and/or as a T2* hypointensity within the sinus.

RESULTS:
In 401 supratentorial awake craniotomies (87.3% of diffuse glioma), the incidence of postoperative CVST was 4.0% (95% CI 2.5-6.4): 14/16 thromboses located in the superior sagittal sinus and 12/16 located in the transverse sinus. A venous sinus was exposed during craniotomy in 45.4% of cases, and no intraoperative injury to a cerebral venous sinus was reported. All thromboses were asymptomatic, and only two cases were diagnosed at the time of the first postoperative imaging (0.5%). Postoperative complications, early postoperative Karnofsky Performance Status score, and duration of hospital stay did not significantly differ between patients with and without postoperative CVST. Adjusted independent risk factors of postoperative CVST were female sex (adjusted Odds Ratio 4.00, 95% CI 1.24-12.91, P = .021) and a lesion ≤1 cm to a venous sinus (adjusted Odds Ratio 10.58, 95% CI 2.93-38.20, P < .001). All patients received standard prophylactic-dose anticoagulant therapy, and none received treatment-dose anticoagulant therapy. No thrombosis-related adverse event was reported. All thromboses presented spontaneous sinus recanalization radiologically at a mean of 89 ± 41 days (range, 7-171).

CONCLUSION:
CVST after supratentorial awake craniotomy is a rare event with satisfactory clinical outcomes and spontaneous sinus recanalization under conservative management without treatment-dose anticoagulant therapy. These findings are comforting to neurosurgeons confronted with postoperative MRI reports suggesting CVST.
Neuropsin promotes hippocampal synaptogenesis by regulating the expression and cleavage of L1CAM
Authors: Barman Bhabotosh , Thakur Mahendra Kumar 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
During early postnatal brain development, the formation of proper synaptic connections between neurons is crucial for the development of functional neural networks. Recent studies have established the involvement of protease-mediated modulations of extracellular components in both synapse formation and elimination. The secretory serine protease neuropsin (also known as kallikrein-8) cleaves a few transmembrane or extracellular matrix proteins in a neural activity-dependent manner and regulates neural plasticity. However, neuropsin-dependent proteolysis of extracellular components and the involvement of these components in mouse brain development are poorly understood. We have observed that during hippocampus development, expression of neuropsin and levels of full-length or cleaved fragments of the neuropsin substrate protein L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) positively correlate with synaptogenesis. Our subcellular fractionation studies show that the expression of neuropsin and its proteolytic activity on L1CAM are enriched at developing hippocampal synapses. Activation of neuropsin expression upregulates the transcription and cleavage of L1CAM. Furthermore, blocking of neuropsin activity, as well as knockdown of L1CAM expression, significantly downregulates in vitro hippocampal synaptogenesis. Taken together, these findings provide evidence for the involvement of neuropsin activity-dependent regulation of L1CAM expression and cleavage in hippocampal synaptogenesis.
Energy-based treatments: a promising alternative to surgical intervention
Authors: Ramadan Francesca 
Published: January 2024

Introduction An increasing number of patients are seeking out non-invasive modalities to address their concerns around fat reduction and body contouring. However, with so many options available, it can be difficult for a practitioner to choose the most appropriate modality for their patient. Here, Francesca Ramadan reviews the mechanisms, benefits and limitations of the most common energy-based treatments, empowering aesthetic practitioners to provide more effective and personalised solutions for their patients.
Dissatisfaction with body image and weight gain in middle-aged women: A cross sectional study
Authors: Medeiros de Morais Maria Socorro , Macêdo Sabrina Gabrielle Gomes Fernandes , do Nascimento Rafaela Andrade , Vieira Mariana Carmem Apolinário , Moreira Mayle Andrade , da Câmara Saionara Maria Aires , Almeida Maria das Graças , Maciel Álvaro Campos Cavalcanti 
Published: January 2024

Objectives
To investigate the relationship between weight gain and body image perception in in middle-aged women.

Methods
Cross-sectional study with 453 women. Body image was assessed using the Stunkard scale, in which women were classified as: satisfied or dissatisfied (general, thinness or obesity). The identification of possible factors associated with body image dissatisfaction was performed using binary logistic regression analysis.

Results
The mean age was 55.7 (±9.6) years; 80.8% were classified as dissatisfied with body image. As for body composition, women satisfied with their body image had lower values of body fat and higher values of lean mass. In the logistic regression, for general dissatisfaction and obesity, the associated variables were BMI, education and physical activity. As for “dissatisfaction with thinness”, only BMI was associated.

Conclusion
Thus, the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction is high in women and part of associated factors are linked to lifestyle behaviors.
Diagnostic intervention improved health-related quality of life among teenagers with food allergy
Authors: Hedman Linnéa , Strinnholm Åsa , Jansson Sven-Arne , Winberg Anna 
Published: January 2024

Objectives
The aim was to examine if a diagnostic intervention set up to assess current food allergy to cow’s milk, hen’s egg, fish, or wheat among teenagers had an impact on generic and disease specific health-related quality of life (HRQL). The study compared HRQL scoring before and two years after the intervention, and in relation to age matched controls without reported food allergy.

Methods
The study was performed within the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) studies where a cohort study on asthma and allergic diseases among 8-year-old schoolchildren was initiated in 2006. At age 12 years, the 125/2612 (5%) children who reported allergy to cow’s milk, hen’s egg, fish, or wheat were invited to a diagnostic intervention including clinical examination, blood tests and evaluation by a pediatric allergist. Of 94 participants, 79 completed generic and disease specific HRQL questionnaires. Additionally, a random sample of 200 (62% of invited) children without food allergy from the OLIN cohort answered the generic HRQL questionnaire. The respondents of the HRQL questionnaires were re-examined two years later and 57 teenagers with and 154 without reported allergy participated.

Results
There were no significant differences in generic HRQL scores between teenagers with and without reported food allergy at study entry, or after the intervention. Among those with reported food allergy, we found a significant improvement in disease specific HRQL after the intervention (mean values: 3.41 vs 2.80, p<0.001). Teenagers with only food allergy had better disease specific HRQL compared to those with one, two or three concomitant allergic diseases, both before and after the intervention. Children with only food allergy significantly improved their HRQL after the intervention, 1.84 vs. 2.87 (p<0.001) but this association was not seen in children with one other allergic disorder (3.16 vs. 3.65, p = 0.121) or those with two or more allergic disorders (3.72 vs. 3.90, p = 0.148).

Conclusion
The diagnostic intervention showed a long-term improvement of disease specific HRQL but not generic HRQL.
Comparative analysis of the Macroinvertebrate fauna of ecologically
stable and traditional garden ponds
Authors: Tamás Bence , Hoffmann Orsolya Ivett , Malatinszky Ákos 
Published: January 2024

Freshwater habitats are considered to be highly vulnerable globally.
For some species, mainly invertebrates, artificial ponds created in urban
gardens give suitable habitat or function as stepping stones. However,
traditional garden ponds use expensive pieces of equipment with high energy
demand and might release harmful chemicals into their environment. In
contrast, the ecologically stable garden ponds, which are distinguished
from the traditional garden ponds by their design and the complex ecosystem
that maintains them, offer a solution for the problems of eutrophication
and succession and maintain optimal water quality in an environmentally and
cost-effective way. This study aimed to compare the aquatic
macroinvertebrate fauna diversity between traditional garden ponds and
ecologically stable garden ponds designed and constructed by the first
author. Five ponds of both types were examined, by collecting biological
specimens from 90 sampling points. Altogether 42 species were identified,
and one taxon at the genus level. Our statistical analysis indicates that
the ecologically stable ponds host a much richer macroinvertebrate fauna in
terms of species abundance compared to traditional garden ponds.
Monitoring the internal structure behaviour of alkali-activated slag paste: effect of the curing mode
Authors: Nápravník Petr , Kocáb Dalibor , Bílek, Jr. Vlastimil , Lisztwan Dominik , Kucharczyková Barbara 
Published: January 2024

This paper deals with the monitoring of the internal structure behaviour of an alkaliactivated slag (AAS) paste. The slag was activated with a 4M solution of sodium hydroxide. The behaviour of the internal structure of the paste was regularly monitored through the changes in the resonant frequency and the mechanical properties, until the paste reached the age of 90 days. The main aim of the article is to show the long-term maturation and degradation process of an AAS paste under different curing modes. The results obtained suggest that the curing mode of the specimens has a significant effect on the behaviour of the internal structure of the paste based on the AAS. The development of both the dynamic properties and the flexural strength indicates the occurrence of a higher porosity in the internal structure of the paste, especially when the free drying process is started earlier. Insufficient hydration of the binder system is also a likely cause of cracks. The reduction in the relative dynamic moduli values ranging from 50 % to 80 % was observed for drying specimens at the age of 90 days. What is very interesting is that the occurrence of cracks was not prevented even by intensive moist curing of the paste as, between the 21st and the 28th day of maturing, there was a significant decrease of about 20 % in the relative dynamic modulus of elasticity and also a 50 % reduction in the flexural strength.
Strategic Utilization of Islamic Philanthropy in Education Financing: An Investigation into Orphan Empowerment
Authors: Junita Siti , Dasuki Moh. , Al-Haj Zainuddin 
Published: January 2024

This research investigates the strategic utilization of Islamic philanthropy for financing education, focusing specifically on its role in empowering orphans. It explores the Foundation of Self-Determined Owners of Banyuwangi's application of zakat and the waqf-based educational justice instrument in Vocational High School Nurut Taqwa. The study adopts a descriptive qualitative approach and includes observation, interviews, and document analysis to collect data. The findings demonstrate the efficient use of Islamic philanthropy in providing free education and support for orphans and underprivileged individuals. The school's structured financing approach, leveraging immovable and mobile waqf supplemented by various sources, ensures transparency and accountability. This research provides valuable insights into the strategic use of Islamic philanthropy in education financing and its potential for empowering marginalized individuals. It also highlights the need for future studies to assess the model's applicability in different settings and its potential scalability.