bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educational outcomes and the role of comorbidity among adolescents with type 1‐diabetes in Denmark
Authors: Thorsted Anne Bonde , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Hoffmann Sofie Have , Rosenkilde Siri , Lehn Sara Fokdal , Lundby‐Christensen Louise , Horsbøl Trine Allerslev 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsTo examine educational outcomes among adolescents with type 1 diabetes and determine the role of comorbidity.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide register‐based cohort study including 3370 individuals born between 1991 and 2003 and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before the age of 16. They were all matched with up to four individuals without type 1 diabetes on age, gender, parents' educational level and immigration status. Information on comorbidity was based on hospital diagnoses. The individuals were followed in registers to determine whether they finished compulsory school (9th grade, usually at the age of 15–16 years), and were enrolled in secondary education by age 18 years.ResultsIndividuals with type 1 diabetes were more likely not to complete compulsory school (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.26–1.64), and not being enrolled in an upper secondary education by age 18 (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.31–1.73) compared to their peers. A total of 1869 (56%) individuals with type 1 diabetes were registered with at least one somatic (n = 1709) or psychiatric comorbidity (n = 389). Those with type 1 diabetes and psychiatric comorbidity were more likely not to complete compulsory school (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.54–3.96), and not being enrolled in an upper secondary education by age 18 (OR 3.66, 95% CI 2.27–5.91) compared to those with type 1 diabetes only. Further, there was a tendency towards an association between having somatic comorbidity and adverse educational outcomes (OR 1.25, 95% CI 0.97–1.63; OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.95–1.66) among adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The associations differed markedly between diagnostic comorbidity groups.ConclusionType 1 diabetes affects educational attainment and participation among adolescents. Psychiatric comorbidity contributes to adverse educational outcomes in this group, and there is a tendency that somatic comorbidity also plays a role.
Epidemiological investigation of insulin dysregulation in Shetland and Welsh ponies in Australia
Authors: Clark Brianna L. , Norton Elaine M. , Bamford Nicholas J. , Randhawa Imtiaz A. S. , Kemp Kate L. , McCue Molly E. , Bertin François‐René , Stewart Allison J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundInsulin dysregulation (ID) is central to equine metabolic syndrome. There are limited epidemiological studies investigating dynamic testing of ID in ponies.ObjectivesTo evaluate prevalence and risk factors for ID through dynamic testing of hyperinsulinaemia (DHI) and insulin resistance (IR).Study designCross‐sectional.MethodsSex, age, breed, height, cresty neck score (CNS), body condition score (BCS), laminitis, HMGA2:c.83G>A genotype and pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) status were documented. Dynamic hyperinsulinaemia was diagnosed with an oral sugar test (OST) and IR with an insulin tolerance test (ITT). Owners completed surveys reporting activity, laminitis history and perception of body condition using a (1–9) visual analogue scale (VASo). Ordinal scores were converted to binary outcomes for CNS (≤2/5 or ≥3/5), BCS and VASo (≤6/9 or ≥7/9). Variables associated with insulin concentrations, glucose reduction after the ITT and laminitis were evaluated with mixed effects regression models accounting for random effects of farms.ResultsAmong 167 ponies tested, median (range) age was 9 (4–21) years and BCS was 6 (4–8). Prevalence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of ID was 61 (53–68)%. Factors associated with insulin concentrations (estimate [95% CI]; μIU/mL) 60 min post‐OST were: age (1.07 [1.02–1.11]), CNS (≥3/5, 1.52 [1.04–2.23]) and VASo (≥7/9, 1.75 [1.09–2.79]); and 90 min post‐OST were: age (1.08 [1.03–1.12]), CNS (≥3/5, 1.80 [1.22–2.64]), VASo (≥7/9, 2.49 [1.52–4.08]) and sex (male, 0.64 [0.45–0.91]). Factors associated with glucose reduction after the ITT (estimate [95% CI]; %) were: age (−1.34 [−2.01 to −0.67]), sex (female, −6.21 [−11.68 to −0.74]) and VASo (≥7/9, −1.74 [−18.89 to −4.78]). Factors associated with laminitis (odds ratio [95% CI]) were DHI (4.60 [1.68–12.58]), IR (3.66 [1.26–10.61]) and PPID (11.75 [1.54–89.40]).Main limitationsSingle time‐point sampling, laminitis definition and diet analysis.ConclusionsAgeing, being female and owner‐perceived obesity were associated with ID.
Environmental effect on fatigue strength of stainless steel in PWR primary water: Relation between fatigue life in air and environment
Authors: Kamaya Masayuki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe fatigue life of Type 316 stainless steel in the pressurized water reactor (PWR) water environment and its dependency on that in air were investigated. Specimens from two heats of the material were prepared for fatigue tests, and additionally, previous test findings obtained using another heat were applied. The fatigue test results obtained for various strain ranges and strain rates revealed that the fatigue life in the water environment Nf(env) did not depend on that in air Nf(air) when the strain rate was 0.4%/s. The variation in the ratio of Nf(env) to Nf(air) was larger when Nf(air) obtained for each heat of the material was used than that when a general Nf(air) was used. The changes in the penalty factor Fen with applied strain range and strain rate could be predicted by assuming Nf(env) depended not on strain rate but on rise time.
Effectiveness of a paediatric weight management intervention for rural youth (iAmHealthy): Primary outcomes of a cluster randomised control trial
Authors: Davis Ann , Lancaster Brittany , Fleming Kandace , Swinburne Romine Rebecca , Forseth Bethany , Nelson Eve‐Lynn , Dreyer Gillette Meredith , Faith Myles , Sullivan Debra K. , Pettee Gabriel Kelley , Dean Kelsey , Olalde Megan 
Published: January 2024

SummaryBackgroundYouth in rural areas are disproportionally affected by obesity. Given the unique barriers rural populations face, tailoring and increasing access to obesity interventions is necessary.ObjectiveThis paper evaluates the effectiveness of iAmHealthy, a family‐based paediatric obesity intervention delivered to rural children, compared to a Newsletter Control.MethodsParticipating schools (n = 18) were randomly assigned to iAmHealthy or Newsletter Control. iAmHealthy consists of individual health coaching and group sessions delivered via televideo to a participant's home. The child and parent's body mass index (BMI), child physical activity and child dietary intake were assessed at baseline, post‐treatment (8 months) and follow‐up (20 months). Multilevel modeling estimated the effect of treatment at both time points.ResultsParent and child dyads were recruited (n = 148) and randomised to iAmHealthy (n = 64) or the Control group (n = 84). The Control group had significant increases in child BMIz from baseline to follow‐up. iAmHealthy youth had no significant changes in BMIz from baseline to post or follow‐up. Child dietary intake, physical activity and parent BMI results are also discussed.ConclusionsThis trial extends previous paediatric obesity work by simultaneously increasing convenience and dose of treatment. Results suggest iAmHealthy resulted in a change in BMIz trajectories and long‐term health behaviour for youth.
Gut microbiota and intestinal immunity—A crosstalk in irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Chen Yuxuan , Feng Shuyan , Li Ying , Zhang Chi , Chao Guanqun , Zhang Shuo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS), one of the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders, is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and abnormal defecation habits, resulting in a severe healthcare burden worldwide. The pathophysiological mechanisms of IBS are multi‐factorially involved, including food antigens, visceral hypersensitivity reactions, and the brain–gut axis. Numerous studies have found that gut microbiota and intestinal mucosal immunity play an important role in the development of IBS in crosstalk with multiple mechanisms. Therefore, based on existing evidence, this paper elaborates that the damage and activation of intestinal mucosal immunity and the disturbance of gut microbiota are closely related to the progression of IBS. Combined with the application prospect, it also provides references for further in‐depth exploration and clinical practice.
Life situation of older people living with severe mental illness – A scoping review
Authors: Holst Hanna , Ozolins Lise‐Lotte , Enros Jessica , Schmidt Manuela , Hörberg Ulrica 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn increasing number of older people with severe mental illness (SMI) poses additional challenges to healthcare and social services. This scoping review aimed to investigate the life situation of older people living with severe mental illness and identify the research gaps in the existing literature. The current review followed the methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews by Arksey and O'Malley, consisting of five main stages: (1) identifying the research question (2) identifying relevant studies, (3) selecting the studies, (4) charting the data, and (5) collating, summarising, and reporting the results. An optional sixth stage, a consultation exercise, has also been used in this study: The scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews PRISMA‐ScR, and the databases PsychINFO Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science and PubMed were used. A total of 24 studies were included in the review. The thematic analysis focused on: (1) the perspective of older people with SMI, (2) the perspective of healthcare professionals supporting older people with SMI, and (3) the perspective of informal carers supporting older people with SMI. The results describe the life situation of older people living with SMI, especially in relation to the older peoples' experiences of suffering and well‐being. The staff and the informal carers need adequate knowledge to provide support to the older people with SMI. To gain greater knowledge about the life situation and support needed by older people with SMI, we strongly advocate additional research focusing on their own experiences.
Does the presence of calling relate to career success? The role of strengths use and deficit correction among nurses
Authors: El‐Gazar Heba E. , Taie Eman Salman , Elamir Hossam , Abou Zeid Mennat Allah G. , Magdi Hussein M. , Zoromba Mohamed A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of calling has been associated with beneficial outcomes for nurses, yet our understanding of these effects remains limited. Additionally, the mechanisms linking the presence of calling to these outcomes have not been well established in the nursing literature.AimThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence of calling and nurses’ career success, mediated by the parallel effects of strengths use and deficit correction.DesignA cross‐sectional design was used.MethodsData were collected from December 2022 to April 2023, involving 237 nurses working in six hospitals in Port Said, Egypt. The study utilized the Demographic Information Form, the Presence of Calling Scale, the Strengths Use Scale, the Deficit Correction Scale, and the Career Success Scale. Study hypotheses were evaluated using structural equation modeling.ResultsPresence of calling positively related to nurses’ career success. Furthermore, nurses’ strengths use and deficit correction played a mediating role in the relationship between the presence of calling and career success.ConclusionNurses who view their work as a calling are more inclined to utilize their strengths and address their deficits, resulting in a heightened sense of career success.Implication for nursing policymakingEmphasising that nursing is a calling should commence during the undergraduate education of nurses, and this concept should be continually cultivated by hospital administrators throughout their professional careers. This approach empowers nurses to leverage their strengths, address their deficits, and ultimately enhance their sense of success in their nursing careers.
Advance selling strategy and pricing decisions with online reviews
Authors: Tang Ming‐Zhao , You Tian‐Hui , Cao Bing‐Bing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMotivated by marketing practices in advance selling, this paper studies the optimal pricing decisions and advance selling strategy with online reviews. The firm may charge a full or partial price in advance selling and then determine whether to continue selling products in the spot market. We characterize the equilibrium pricing decisions, selling scheme, and advance selling strategy in the monopoly market. We find that no matter what kind of advance selling strategy is implemented, the firm should choose the two‐period selling scheme instead of the one‐period one to market the product. Notably, when the two‐period selling scheme is chosen, either the skimming pricing or the penetration pricing may be optimal for the firm. Specifically, when the review valence is significantly lower, the skimming pricing is always favored by the firm; otherwise, the penetration pricing is more profitable. Moreover, the disclosure quality and review valence jointly affect the choice of firm's optimal advance selling strategy. In detail, advance selling with a full‐price strategy is always dominant if the disclosure quality is high; otherwise, the firm's optimal advance selling strategy is determined by the review valence. Meanwhile, we also analyze several extensions to explore meaningful insights and provide decision‐making support for the firm facing a complex marketing environment.
Effect of periodontal therapy on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sato Misuzu , Ono Sachiko , Yamana Hayato , Okada Akira , Ishimaru Miho , Ono Yosuke , Iwasaki Masanori , Aida Jun , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to elucidate the impact of periodontal therapy on glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes and various baseline blood glucose levels using a large‐scale claims database from Japan.Materials and MethodsUsing the JMDC Claims Database, we identified individuals with type 2 diabetes who underwent health check‐ups in the fiscal years 2018 or 2019 and were followed up until the next year's health check‐up. We conducted a weighted cohort analysis using stabilized inverse probability weights for treatment and censoring to estimate the effect of periodontal therapy on changes in haemoglobin A1c levels within a year. Analysis was done for different baseline haemoglobin A1c categories: 6.5%–6.9%, 7.0%–7.9% and ≥8.0%.ResultsOf the 4279 insured persons included in the study, 957 received periodontal therapy. Overall, there was a tendency towards improved glycaemic control among those who received periodontal therapy. Participants with baseline haemoglobin A1c levels of 7.0%–7.9% who received periodontal therapy exhibited significantly better glycaemic control compared with those without dental visits (difference; −0.094 [95% confidence interval: −0.181 to −0.007]).ConclusionsPeriodontal therapy may improve glycaemic control in individuals with diabetes, especially in those with haemoglobin A1c levels ≥7.0%.
Association between the skin microbiome and lichen striatus hypopigmentation: Cutibacterium acnes as a potential cause
Authors: Yu Yeuni , Lee Byunghyuk , Shin Kihyuk , Kim Kihun , Lee Hyun Jung , Shin Jun‐Oh , Lee Jungsoo , Kim Hoon‐Soo , Kim Byung‐Soo , Kim Moon‐Bum , Kim Yun Hak , Ko Hyun‐Chang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundLichen striatus (LS) is an acquired skin disorder with a linear pattern along Blaschko's lines. It commonly occurs in childhood, and the lesions spontaneously regress within several months.ObjectivesAlthough up to 50% of LS cases exhibit hypopigmentation that can persist for several months to years, it is unknown why LS is associated with such a high incidence of hypopigmentation compared to other inflammatory skin diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the differences in the skin microbiome between LS patients with and without hypopigmentation.MethodsDifferences in skin microbiome were analysed using whole genome sequencing of skin biopsies and subsequent bioinformatics analyses.ResultsSome microbes commonly found in hypopigmented skin disorders, including Cutibacterium acnes, were more abundant in patients with LS showing hypopigmentation than in those not showing hypopigmentation.ConclusionsThe skin microbiota may be involved in the development of hypopigmentation in LS and may be considered a treatment target to reduce LS duration and hypopigmentation.
New species of the eel genera Dysomma and Dysommina from Vietnam, South China Sea (Anguilliformes: Synaphobranchidae)
Authors: Vo Van Quang , Ho Hsuan‐Ching , Dao Ha Viet , Tran Thinh Cong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo new cutthroat eel species are described from Vietnam. Dysomma intermedium sp. nov. has a relatively long trunk, being about half of head length and anal‐fin origin more than twice pectoral‐fin length behind the pectoral‐fin tip; pectoral fin well developed; dorsal‐fin origin over or slightly in front of base of pectoral fin; two intermaxillary teeth; four or five compound teeth on ethmovomer; single row of seven or eight teeth on lower jaw; total lateral‐line pores 70–76; and 21 pre‐anal and 118–124 total vertebrae. Dysommina brevis sp. nov. differs from congeners by having a trunk shorter than head length, its length 11.1%–11.8% TL; a short pre‐anal length 24.6%–25.6% TL, eye diameter 11.8%–12.3% head length; three large and one or two small teeth on ethmovomer; and fewer teeth on the upper and lower jaws. In addition, a specimen representing the first record of Dysommina orientalis in Vietnamese water is documented.
Feeding behavior of yellowfin tuna around two insular regions of the western Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Martins Karla , Niella Yuri , Albuquerque Fernanda , Eduardo Leandro Nolé , Oliveira Paulo , Travassos Paulo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe yellowfin tuna is a very abundant tropical tuna species in the western equatorial Atlantic Ocean and an important fishery resource for the Brazilian tuna fleet. In this study we performed stable isotope analysis to better understand the spatial trophodynamics and dietary changes in yellowfin tuna around two insular marine protected areas in Brazil. A total of 65 yellowfin tuna specimens measuring between 47 and 138 cm LT (total length) were sampled around the archipelagos of Fernando de Noronha (FNA; n = 34) and Saint Peter and Saint Paul (SPSPA; n = 31) between July 2018 and September 2019. Bayesian mixing models and generalized additive models were used to investigate the contributions of four different prey items (zooplankton, cephalopods, fish larvae, and flying fish) to yellowfin tuna diet in each area and their potential changes in relation to predator growth. The four prey items were found to have different overall contributions between the two studied areas, with zooplankton being the most important prey in FNA, whereas flying fish was the most relevant prey to the species' diet in SPSPA. Significant changes in the species diet by size were also found, with fish smaller than 90 cm (TL) having a more generalist diet and larger animals relying more on consuming larger and more nutritious prey (i.e., flying fish). Our results suggest that these two marine protected areas play an important role in ocean dynamics, providing important and different foraging grounds for the development of this predator species.
A proof of concept: Clinical anti‐aging efficacy and safety of Lactiplantibacillus plantarumLB244R® applied topically in a double‐blinded placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Elvebakken Helena Falholt , Christensen Ida Blomquist , Vedel Charlotte , Kjærulff Søren 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith the increasing age of the westernized population, there is also increasing economic and aesthetic interest in reducing the signs of skin aging. Additionally, the physical aspect of aging can be displeasing and have detrimental effects psychologically in individuals. Probiotics have shown potential as anti‐aging agents, albeit proper studies are needed to confirm their potential.AimsProving that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LB244R® could alleviate aging signs relative to its placebo vehicle.Patients/MethodsIn total, 46 subjects were randomly assigned either the ointment with live bacteria, L. plantarum LB244R® or its vehicle ointment, and had to use the assigned ointment twice daily for 56 days. On Day 0, Day 28, and Day 56 subepidermal low echogenic band (SLEB) thickness, dermal density, skin firmness and elasticity, skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin pH, collagen fiber visualization using confocal microscopy, Crow's feet, spot score, skin smoothness, and complexion radiance were assessed by dermatologists.ResultsAll parameters except TEWL improved relative to their baseline (D0) for the active group. L. plantarum LB244R® improved SLEB thickness, dermal density, skin elasticity, skin hydration, and Crow's feet wrinkle score relative to the placebo vehicle ointment.ConclusionThe study demonstrates an anti‐aging effect of L. plantarum LB244R® for topical skin use in the first double‐blinded, vehicle‐ointment placebo‐controlled clinical study.
Molecular characterizations of Verticillium dahliae isolates from grafted tomatoes grown in Antalya province of Türkiye
Authors: Akar Hasan , Cat Ahmet , Catal Mursel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVerticillium wilt caused by soil‐borne fungus Verticillium dahliae results in serious quality, yield and economic losses in tomato fruit production in tomato‐growing areas around the world. In this study, V. dahliae isolates obtained from six different major grafted tomato production areas in Antalya province of Türkiye were characterized for races, pathotypes and vegetative compatibility groups using the specific PCR primers. Out of 66 isolates, 60 were determined to be race 2. Six isolates were not identified as race 1 or race 2. Fifty‐six isolates were determined as defoliating pathotypes (D) while 10 isolates were identified as non‐defoliating (ND) pathotypes. The isolates were clustered into four vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs): VCG1A (61), VCG2A or VCG4B (3), VCG2B (1) and VCG6 (1). According to the results of this study, the race 2, D pathotype and VCG1A isolates were dominant and widely distributed in the region. Additionally, the V. dahliae isolates fall into two major groups based on the dendrogram constructed from molecular data by Dice similarity index. The dendrogram showed significant diversity among the V. dahliae isolates particularly in the Elmalı region compared to other regions. The study is the first comprehensive research with the current disease and race 2 was identified for the first time in grafted tomatoes. These findings will lead to the development of V. dahliae‐resistant grafted tomatoes and breeding programs in Türkiye.