bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronary heart disease: incidence, risk factors and interventions in Jiaozhou of Shandong province
Authors: Yu Hua , Li Dan , Chu Xianming , An Yi , Song Tongxun , Feng Huixin , Lin Peilin , Wang Tao , Jiang Shaoyan , Guo Linlin , Xu Fengqiang , Liu Zhengke , Yang Bin 
Published: January 2024

Background
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of heart disease and cause of heart attacks. This study investigated the epidemiological characteristics of CHD and its risk factors in Jiaozhou, Shandong province, to ultimately find a way of reducing the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, and to provide a theoretical basis for establishing a cardiovascular disease management path under the regional medical collaborative mechanism.

Methods
A questionnaire survey was performed including 1 952 people aged 35 years or older who were questioned by means of stratified, cluster, proportional sampling to investigate the prevalence of CHD and its risk factors. The data were inputted into SPSS11.0 statistical software for processing and analysis. We advised the local medical institutions to establish health files for the residents with CHD and risk factors. They were followed up regularly. Their risk factors and life-style were monitored, and advice was given as to proper medications. Green channels were established, and the patients were transmitted in a timely manner to superior hospitals for better treatment if the necessary treatments were not available in the local hospitals. The control of risk factors was observed after the follow-up for half a year.

Results
In Jiaozhou, the rates of coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and overweight were 8.15%, 28.54%, 11.43%, 35.46%, and 18.70% respectively. The rates of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and overweight were higher than the data published in “The report of Chinese cardiovascular disease 2012”; which are 24%, 9.7%, 18.6%, and 9.7%, respectively. The control of risk factors improved significantly after the guidance of the residents lifestyle and medication for six months.

Conclusions
The high prevalence of coronary artery disease in Jiaozhou is closely related to age, gender, diet structure, family history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, overweight, and unhealthy lifestyle. Under the regional medical coordination mechanism, the collaborative management of cardiovascular disease can provide new management concepts for the areas short of medical resources, so as to reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular disease.
Fourth-generation ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty in patients of 55 years or younger: short-term results and complications analysis
Authors: Wang Weiguo , Guo Wanshou , Yue Debo , Shi Zhencai , Zhang Nianfei , Liu Zhaohui , Sun Wei , Wang Bailiang , Li Zirong 
Published: January 2024

Background
The incidence of total hip replacement in the younger and more active patients is ever increasing. The ceramic-on-ceramic (COC) bearing was developed to reduce wear debris-induced osteolysis and loosening and to improve the longevity of hip arthroplasties. Few studies have reported the clinical results and complications of the new zirconia-toughened ceramic total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods
A consecutive series of 132 young patients (177 hips) that underwent primary cementless THAs between January 2010 and December 2012 were included in this study. These arthroplasties all had fourth-generation COC bearings performed through a posterolateral approach. The average age was (41.8±8.3) years (ranging from 22 to 55 years), and the mean follow-up period was (24.5±9.4) months (ranging from 12 to 47 months). The results were evaluated both clinically and radiographically. Harris hip score (HHS) was determined before surgery and at the time of each follow-up. Presence of postoperative groin or thigh pain and squeaking were recorded. Other complications such as dislocations, periprosthetic fractures, and ceramic components fractures were diagnosed and treated in emergency.

Results
The average HHSs improved from preoperative 60.3±10.7 (ranging from 29 to 76) to 91.0±5.1 (ranging from 74 to 100) at the final follow-up (t=45.064, P <0.05), and 97.7% of cases were scored as excellent and good results. At the last follow-up, incidental inguinal pain was found in three hips (1.7%) and thigh pain in 11 hips (6.2%). Radiographs showed a high rate of new bone formation around the acetabular and stem components. No obvious osteolysis or prosthesis loosening was detected. Complications occurred in six hips (3.4%): posterior dislocation in two hips (1.1%), periprosthetic femoral fracture in one hip (0.6%), asymptomatic squeaking in two hips (1.1%), and ceramic liner fracture in one hip (0.6%).

Conclusions
The fourth-generation COC THA showed excellent clinical results in younger active patients with no osteolysis-related prosthesis failure at a short-term follow-up study. Surgeons should still be aware of the potential risks of complications such as dislocation, periprosthetic fracture, squeaking, and ceramic components fracture.
Trace glucose fluxes in individuals with prediabetes using stable isotopes
Authors: Du Shichun , Xia Fangzhen , Xu Xiao , Zhang Huixin , Zhu Chunfang , Lu Yingli 
Published: January 2024

Background
The glucose fluxes of individuals with prediabetes in Chinese population are not clear. This study was to determine whether the endogenous glucose production (EGP), oral glucose rate of appearance (Ra) and glucose rate of disappearance (Rd) were different in Chinese individuals with prediabetes under fasting conditions and following an oral glucose challenge.

Methods
Five subjects with type 2 diabetes, 5 subjects with prediabetes and 5 non-diabetic subjects matched for age, weight, fat free mass and body mass index underwent a 180 minute stable glucose isotope tracing ([6, 6-2H2] glucose, [1-13C] glucose, and [U-13C] glucose) study under fasting and after ingestion of a 75 g oral glucose load. Isotope glucose enrichment was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-derived insulin sensitivity index, β cell function was determined by the insulinogenic index (ΔI30/ΔG30).

Results
The insulin sensitivity index (P=0.043) and insulinogenic index (P=0.021) were decreased in subjects with prediabetes compared with non-diabetes. Fasting EGP was slightly higher (P=0.29) and postprandial EGP was comparable in subjects with prediabetes and non-diabetes during 120 minutes after glucose ingestion, but nadir EGP occurred later in prediabetic than non-diabetic subjects. Ra did not differ among the three groups. Rd was substantially lower in subjects with prediabetes than non-diabetes after glucose intake (P=0.013).

Conclusion
The mild hyperglycemia observed among individuals with prediabetes may result from decreased Rd during the postprandial state.
Bioresorbable scaffolds for coronary artery disease: current status and future prospective
Authors: Zhang Yaojun , Gao Runlin , Xu Bo , Paul Cummins , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo update the current status of bioresorbable scaffold, highlights the potential future prospective of innovative bioresorbable scaffold technology.Data sourcesData were obtained from papers published in PubMed, presentations from the following conferences: EuroPCR, Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics, and Chinese Interventional Therapeutics.ResultsBioresorbable scaffold has been introduced as a potential workhorse device for the treatment of coronary artery disease, with providing temporary vessel scaffold, then gradually being resorbed free of any caging, eventually restoring the vessel wall physiology and vasomotion. The clinical outcomes regarding the safety and efficacy following bioresorbable scaffolds implantation appear promising in the treatment of patients with eitherde novolesions or acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In addition, two bioresorbable scaffolds currently investigated in Chinese population as well as several other bioresorbable scaffolds from Chinese manufactories are under development and preclinical evaluations.ConclusionsBioresorbable scaffolds with potential unique advantages have been rapidly developed and the initial clinical results are promising. Further preclinical and clinical evaluations are necessary to investigate their safety and efficacy in the treatment of Chinese patients with coronary artery disease.
Minimal incision access for pediatric and adult cochlear implantation
Authors: Danmo Cui , Ying Shi , Qiaotong Su , Ting Liu , Demin Han , Yongxin Li 
Published: January 2024

Background
Cochlear implant surgery is widely practiced. Minimal incision cochlear implant surgery has been developed with the aims of reducing the impact of surgery on the patient and improving cosmesis while maintaining the low morbidity of conventional wider access approaches. This study aimed to assess the surgical technique and complication rate of minimal incision cochlear implantation (MICI) for children and adults.

Methods
Data for this study were obtained via a retrospective analysis. Totally 378 patients were included in the study. All patients received minimal incision cochlear implantation, using the skin protector during the process of the operation. The surgical complications of MICI were recorded in a spreadsheet format. The incidence of major and minor complication were analyzed, and appropriate treatment was provided.

Results
A total of 40 (10.5%) complications were noted in the study. There were 0 life-threatening, 9 major, and 31 minor complications. Of the nine major complications, five were device failures, one developed infection and extrusion, and three required receiver-stimulator repositioning.

Conclusions
MICI is as safe as standard cochlear implantation (SCI) and affords with it other benefits. Eliminating the scalp flap avoids devascularization and minimizes the opportunity of flap infection or necrosis. Complications not related to the flap are similar to SCI.
Current status of anticoagulant treatments and improvements for hemodialysis patients in northern Chinese cities: a five-year comparative study
Authors: Qi Huang , Xuefeng Sun , Hongli Lin , Zhimin Zhang , Lirong Hao , Li Yao , Jijun Li , Delong Zhao , Yong Wang , Hanyu Zhu , Xiangmei Chen 
Published: January 2024

Background
Anticoagulation treatments are an important aspect of hemodialysis; however, few reports have addressed these treatments. This investigation intends to increase the understanding of the current status and improvements of hemodialysis-related anticoagulation treatments in China.

Methods
In this study, an epidemiological investigation was conducted that examined 842 patients in 2007 and 1 175 patients in 2012 who underwent hemodialysis anticoagulation treatments in seven blood purification centers in northern Chinese cities.

Results
Heparin was the most commonly used anticoagulant, although the percentage of use of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) increased from 26.5% in 2007 to 42.1% in 2012. In 2007, there were no significant differences in anticoagulant selection among either patients with various primary diseases or patients with hemorrhage, thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, or a low hemoglobin level. However, compared with patients with other diseases, significantly lower doses of LMWH were administered to patients with hypertension (55.5 U/kg vs. 67.3 U/kg, P <0.05) or diabetes (58.5 U/kg vs. 67.3 U/kg, P <0.05), and patients with hemorrhage received lower doses of heparin than the other patients (61.6 U/kg vs. 71.8 U/kg, P <0.01). In 2012, patients with diabetic nephropathy (51.5% vs. 36.5%, P <0.01), hemorrhage (43.4% vs. 31.7%, P <0.01), or a hemoglobin level below 90 g/L (57.2% vs. 37.1%, P <0.01) experienced significantly higher doses of LMWH administration; patients with hemorrhage received significantly reduced LMWH dosages (50.4 U/kg vs. 57.8 U/kg, P <0.05), and patients with thrombosis received significantly higher doses of heparin (73.8 U/kg vs. 62.1 U/kg, P <0.01) or LMWH (57.8 U/kg vs. 52.6 U/kg, P <0.05). Antiplatelet drugs were administered to 20.4% of the examined patients in 2007 and 20.7% in 2012. In 2012, patients with hypertension (25.9% vs. 18.5%, P <0.01) and thrombosis (36.6% vs. 16.1%, P <0.01) had a higher rate of using antiplatelet drugs than patients with other primary diseases and complications. Patients receiving antiplatelet drugs also received higher doses of heparin than patients without using antiplatelet drugs (74.4 U/kg vs. 65.9 U/kg, P <0.01). However, the use of the drugs was not correlated with thrombocytopenia. The rate at which coagulation indices were determined increased from 45.7% in 2007 to 64% in 2012.

Conclusion
These findings suggested that hemodialysis-related anticoagulation treatments in China have gradually become more standardized and individualized.
Statins and intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Haiping Zheng , Zhiping Hu , Wei Lu 
Published: January 2024

Objective
To briefly review the literature regarding the impact of statins on the prevention and treatment of stroke, especially on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We described statins' effects, mechanism of ICH, serum total cholesterol and ICH, and the relationship between statins and ICH.

Data sources
All articles used in this review were mainly searched from the PubMed database with no limitations of language and year of publication.

Study selection
Randomized controlled studies, prospective cohort studies, animal experiments, and meta-analysis articles related to this topic in the past decade were selected.

Results
Statins play an important role in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and also have an impact on the treatment of vascular diseases. There still exist controversies about the relationship between statins and ICH. More clinical and experimental trials indicate that statins do not increase the risk of ICH.

Conclusion
A low or a regular dose of statins would not increase the risk of ICH.
Anti- helicobacter pylori effect of total alkaloids of sophora alopecuroides in vivo
Authors: Aiping Tian , Ting Xu , Kaiyun Liu , Quanming Zou , Xiang Yan 
Published: January 2024

Background

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection could lead to most gastroduodenal diseases and is even identified as a carcinogen of gastric cancer. Total alkaloids of sophora alopecuroides (TASA) is widely used in herbal remedies to treat various infectious diseases, including stomach-associated diseases. This study is aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial activity of TASA on H. pylori-infected BALB/c mice mouse gastritis.

Methods
Totally 120 BALB/c mice were orally inoculated with H. pylori Bacterial liquid to construct BALB/c mice H. pylori infection gastritis animal model, after the model was successfully created. We randomly assigned 100 infected mice into 10 treatment groups, the first group (normal saline); the second group (bismuth pectin); the third group (omeprazole); the fourth group (TASA 2 mg/d); the fifth group (TASA 4 mg/d); the sixth group (TASA 5 mg/d); the seventh group (TASA + bismuth pectin); the eighth group (TASA + omeprazole); the ninth group (bismuth pectin + clarithromycin + metronidazole); the tenth group (omeprazole + clarithromycin + metronidazole), 5 other non-infected mice as negative control. Mice were orally inoculated twice a day and 7 days continuously. Then the mice were killed 4 weeks after treatment, we used real-time PCR to detect 16sDNA of H. pylori to test both the colonization and the clearance mice of bacteria of each treatment. We applied hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunostaining of mice gastric mucosa to observe the general inflammation and related factors interleukin 8 (IL-8), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression change after treatments.

Results
Firstly, we ensured that after 6-week intragastric administration, the bacteria colonization reached an exceed peak which is far higher than positive threshold (P <0.001); secondly, after treatments, it is revealed that TASA combined with omeprazole or bismuth pectin showed promising antimicrobial activity against H. pylori as well as conventional triple therapy (P <0.001); thirdly, HE staining showed that the inflammation on mice gastric mucosal membrane were also relieved obviously in TASA combined treatments and conventional triple therapy compared with normal saline treated mice, moreover, from immunohistochemistry results, H. pylori-induced IL-8, COX-2, and NF-κB were consistently suppressed in seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth group to a certain extent.

Conclusion
These results open the possibility of taking TASA as an anti-inflammatory agent for H. pylori gastritis.
Mizoribine versus mycophenolate mofetil or intravenous cyclophosphamide for induction treatment of active lupus nephritis
Authors: Feng Xuebing , Gu Fei , Chen Weiwei , Liu Yan , Wei Hua , Liu Lin , Yin Songlou , Da Zhanyun , Sun Lingyun 
Published: January 2024

Background
Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most serious manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Although there have been substantial improvements in LN treatment over the last decade, the outcome remains unoptimistic in a considerable percentage of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mizoribine (MZR), a novel selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, as induction treatment for active LN in comparison with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and intravenous cyclophosphamide (CYC).

Methods
Ninety patients with active LN were observed. Thirty patients were given MZR orally at the dose of 300 mg every other day. Thirty patients took MMF at 2 g per day in two divided doses. Thirty patients received CYC intravenously 0.5 g every 2 weeks. Therapeutic effects and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated at the end of 24-week treatment. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunn's test was applied to compare the difference among the groups. For comparing categorical data between two groups, χ2 test was employed.

Results
Early responses at week 12 were achieved by 73.3%, 90.0%, and 96.7% in MZR, MMF, and CYC groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in the complete remission rates (22.7%, 24.0%, and 25.0%, respectively) or overall response rates (68.2%, 72.0%, and 75.0%, respectively) among the three groups at week 24. The most prominent drop-down of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index scores was observed in MMF or CYC group, and the decline of health assessment questionnaire scores in MZR or MMF group was more prominent than that in the CYC group at week 12. Serum complement 3 (C3) or C4 levels were elevated in all groups after the treatments. CYC was more effective in inhibiting anti-double-stranded DNA antibody, while MZR was more effective in inhibiting antinuclear antibody. The incidences of AEs in patients treated with CYC were significantly higher than those in patients treated with MZR or MMF (24.2% for CYC vs. 3.3% for MZR, and 2.6% for MMF, P=0.01).

Conclusions
MZR is well tolerated and has an effect similar to MMF in the induction therapy of active LN. MZR may serve as an alternative approach for LN patients.
Prognostic analysis of orthostatic intolerance using survival model in children
Authors: Li Yawen , Li Hongxia , Li Xueying , Li Xiaoming , Jin Hongfang 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundOrthostatic intolerance (OI) is a common disease at pediatric period which has a serious impact on physical and mental health of children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of related factors on the prognosis of children with OI.MethodsThe subjects were 170 children with OI, including 71 males (41.8%) and 99 females (58.2%) with age from 6 to 17 (12.0±2.6) years. The effect of related factors on the prognosis of children was studied by using univariate analysis. Then, the impact of children's age, symptom score, duration, disease subtype, and treatment on patient's prognosis was studied via analysis of COX proportional conversion model.ResultsAmong 170 cases, 48 were diagnosed with vasovagal syncope, including 28 cases of vasoinhibitory type, 16 cases of mixed type, and 4 cases of cardioinhibitory type; 115 cases were diagnosed with postural tachycardia syndrome and 7 cases with orthostatic hypotension. By using univariate analysis of Cox regression, the results showed that symptom score had a marked impact on the time of symptoms improvement of children after taking medication (P<0.05), while other univariates had no impact (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that the symptom score at diagnosis had a significant effect on holding time of symptoms improvement of children after taking medication (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier curve showed that symptom-free survival was higher in children with symptom score equal to 1 than children with symptom score equal to or greater than 2 during follow-up (P<0.05).ConclusionSymptom score is an important factor affecting the time of symptom improvement after treatment for children with OI.
Prognosis of R1-resection at the bronchial stump in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jima Lyu , Xuezhi Hao , Zhouguang Hui , Jun Liang , Zongmei Zhou , Qinfu Feng , Zefen Xiao , Dongfu Chen , Hongxing Zhang , Lyuhua Wang 
Published: January 2024

Background
The prognosis of R1-resection at the bronchial stump in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. This study intends to identify the prognostic factors and to optimize treatments for these patients under update conditions.

Methods
The data of 124 NSCLC patients who underwent R1-resection at the bronchial stump was reviewed. There were 41 patients in the surgery group (S), 21 in the postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) group (S+R), 30 in the postoperative chemotherapy (POCT) group (S+C), and 32 in the PORT plus POCT group (S+R+C). The constitute proportion in different groups was tested using the χ2 method, univariate analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier and log-rank method, and multivariate analysis was done using the Cox hazard regression with entry factors including age, sex, pathological type and stage, classification of the residual disease, and treatment procedure. The process was performed stepwise backward with a maximum iteration of 20 and an entry possibility of 0.05 as well as an excluded possibility of 0.10 at each step.

Results
In univariate analysis, survival was more favorable for patients with squamous cell carcinoma, early pathological T or N stage, and chemotherapy or radiotherapy. There was no significant difference in the survival for patients with different types of the residual disease, except for the difference between patients with carcinoma in situ and lymphangiosis carcinomatosa (P=0.030). The survival for patients receiving chemoradiotherapy was superior to that for those undergoing surgery alone (P=0.016). In multivariate analysis, the pathological type (HR 2.51, 95% CI 1.59 to 3.96, P=0.000), pathological T (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.60, P=0.021) or N stage (HR 2.04, 95% CI 1.40 to 2.98, P=0.000), and chemotherapy (HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.43, P=0.000) were independent prognostic factors.

Conclusion
Patients with squamous cell carcinoma, early pathological T or N stage, or receiving chemotherapy had a more favorable prognosis.