bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescents’ self-perceived health, life satisfaction and subjective vitality during the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis based on education level, sex and physical activity status.
Authors: Mata Carlos , Onofre Marcos , Papaioannou Athanasios G. , Martins João 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents' routines were affected, leading to increased sedentary behaviors, decreased physical activity (PA) and social contacts, and negative impacts on mental health. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare adolescents' self-perceptions related to health, vitality, and life satisfaction, by sex, PA and education levels during the COVID-19 pandemic, in a timeframe of many restrictions, before the second lockdown that would take place in January 2021. A total of 1369 Portuguese students (621 boys and 748 girls; mean age: 14.4 years old; SD: 1.74) participated in this study. Differences between groups were analyzed using ANCOVA, adjusted for age, standardized BMI, socioeconomic status, 60 minutes of daily moderate-to-vigorous PA before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Only 3.1% of the adolescents met the international guidelines for PA. Overall, the results showed low levels of adolescents' health self-perceptions, especially for girls. This study provides insights about adolescents' self-perceptions on health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the associations between restrictive measures and adolescents' mental health and PA levels. Studies will be required to assess students' self-perceptions upon return to normalcy and seek to understand what negative effects on adolescents' mental health and well-being remained.
Comprehensive assessment of cellular senescence and aging in the tumor microenvironment of sarcoma
Authors: Zan Pengfei , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yiwei , Chen Qingjing , Duan Zhengwei , Guan Yonghao , Liu Kaiyuan , Shang Anquan , Li Zihua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
SARC (sarcoma) is a heterogeneous group of stromal tumors originating from mesenchymal tissues with poor prognosis. There is growing evidence that senescent cells in the tumor microenvironments (TME) are associated with the development and metastasis of cancer. The impact of senescence on sarcomas has been initially recognized, but not fully understood. Here, we revealed that senescence level and age were both associated with TME, immune treatment indicators and prognosis in SARC. WGCNA and least-selection absolute regression algorithm (LASSO) were used to track senescence-related genes and create a senescence predictor. Consequently, the three genes (RAD54, PIK3IP1, TRIP13) were selected to construct a multiple linear regression model. Through validation cohorts, IHC and qPCR, the predictors conducted by the three genes were proved to have prognostic and pathological significance. The senescence predictor may provide a novel insight into the study of molecular mechanisms and candidate biomarkers for the prognosis, resulting in effective treatments for SARC.
Fortifying Nigeria's Future: A Security Companion Against Insurgency
Authors: Dah John , Hussin Norhayati , Zaini Muhamad Khairulnizam , Helda Linda Isaac , Ametefe Divine Senanu , Aliu Abdulmalik Adozuka , Ali Zainab Abdi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nigeria, a nation grappling with a major security crisis that has resulted in approximately 3.1 million citizens being internally displaced, is in dire need of innovative solutions. This study explores one such solution - a mobile application designed to enhance security and safety, which we term the Security and Safety Mobile Application (hereafter referred to as SAPP). The SAPP, an android-based application, facilitates emergency notifications to friends and family during situations such as terrorist attacks, robberies, kidnappings, fire outbreaks, and road accidents. The first part of this study followed the Design Science Research methodology (DSR) to conceptualize and create the SAPP. The second part focused on evaluating the SAPP's acceptance level among users through an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a model specifically modified for this study. A purposive sampling method was adopted, targeting users who have had experience with the SAPP. Out of 400 potential respondents, a total of 388 responses were received. The study found that the SAPP garnered a high acceptance level among users, with an average mean score of 3.936 out of 5 for their "Intention to use" the SAPP. This evaluation also investigated the interrelationships between the modified TAM’s constructs, which include mobile skilfulness, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude towards use, and intention to use. The results of this study not only provide insights into cost-effective solutions to societal challenges, like insurgency, but also demystify the factors influencing users' adoption of new technologies. This knowledge can be instrumental for future research in Design Science Research and studies examining user adoption behaviour in the social sciences.
Invitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activities of Selected Ethno-Medicinal Plants from West Shewa Zone
Authors: Abata Bacha , Berhanu Wesenu , Abdisa Kebede 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An in vitro experimental study was conducted in Ambo University, Mamo Mezemir Campus from November, 2020 to August, 2021 to evaluate antibacterial effect of Leaves of W. somnifera, steam of Cl. ansita, leaves of C. papaya, fruit of S. incanum, roots of R. nepalensis and leaves of N. tabacum against Bacterial species (Escherichia coli/ATCC 25322, Staphylococcus aureus/ATCC 13076, Entrococcus feacalis/ATCC 29212 and Pseudomonas aeruginousa/ATCC 27853). The antimicrobial activities of the extract against test organisms were tested by using agar well diffusion assay and the MIC and MBC values were determined by agar dilution assay. The results revealed that the methanol extracts of Nicotiana tabacum, Carica papaya, Rumex nepalensis, Solinum incanum and Withania somnifera had most antibacterial activity against S. aereus, E. coli, E. faecalis and P. aeruginousa, but Methanol extract of Clausena anisata, had no activity against E. coli, E. faecalis and P. aeruginousa. The methanol extract of Rumex nepalensis had most activity than other extracts against S. aereus, E. coli, E. faecalis and P. aeruginousa, with MIC ranged from 6.25mg/ml to 25mg/ml and MBC ranged from 12.5mg/ml to 50mg/ml. Moderate antibacterial activity result has also been recorded from leaves of W. somnifera and stem of Clausena ansita extract against S. aureus (18.83 ± 0.76mm) and (13 ± 0) respectively. The methanolic extract of Carica papaya exhibited maximum activity against S. aureus (25.67 ± 0.5 8mm) and least towards E. coli (7.67 ± 0.58mm). The main components of plant-derived phytochemicals revealed from present studies are flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, phenolics and Phlobatanins. However, Phytosterols were found only in Solinum incanum extracts. Generally, the current experimental study showed that all extracts have antibacterial activities against all tested standard organism which, play a vital role to substitute resist drugs as evidenced by high zone of inhibition. However, further antibacterial activity tests are needed to be performed using other methods for that plant that did not show any antibacterial activity in this study.
Nonlinear least-squares curve fitting method for detection of overlapped FBG temperature sensor spectra
Authors: Sadik Serif Ali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This study introduces a novel approach to address the challenge of separating partially and fully overlapped spectra in Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors. Leveraging the Nonlinear Least-Squares Curve Fitting method with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (LMA), the proposed algorithm successfully detects distinct FBG peaks even in complex spectral superpositions. This investigation utilized two Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors, with one subjected to varying temperatures and the other maintained at a constant temperature as a reference. The reflection spectra from the FBG sensors were analyzed across 20 distinct temperature values, and the proposed algorithm accurately identified the peak wavelengths of both sensors with precision. Examination of the relative errors in the detected peak wavelengths revealed a maximum percentage error of 0.0025%. This finding underscores the capability of the proposed algorithm to achieve highly accurate peak detection in densely multiplexed FBG sensors, particularly in applications demanding precise measurements across numerous points within a sensor network.
Effect of supplementary irrigation on the yield of sorghum crop (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in the context of climate change in the dry Savannahs of Togo
Authors: ATIGLO-GBENOU Adjiwanou , SOGBEDJI Jean Mianikpo , AZOUMA Yoavi Ouézou 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Under the current context of climate change, supplementary irrigation may be needed for crop production resiliency. We determined the effects of supplementary irrigation on sorghum grain yield in the dry Savannah region of Togo. A test was conducted in a controlled environment at AREJ, an agro-ecological center in Cinkassé. The plant material included sorghum variety Sorvato 28. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with three replications and three treatments as follow : T0 control plot (rainfed conditions) ; T1 (supplementary irrigation from flowering to grain filling stage) and T2 (supplementary irrigation from planting to grain filling stage). Two irrigation techniques (furrow and Californian system) were used under each watering treatment. The results showed that irrigation technique significantly affected panicle length with no effect on 1000 grains mass. Panicle length and grain yields varied from 15.59 to 25.71 cm and 0.0 to 2.06 t/ha, respectively, with highest values (25.66 cm and 2.06 t/ha, respectively) under the T2 treatment with the California system-based supplementary irrigation. The comparison of result obtained on treatment T0 and T2, show that supplementary irrigation increased the yields observed by at least 68.62%. Supplementary irrigation during sowing and growing season (T2) improved sorghum yields in the dry savannahs of Togo, with a better performance of the California irrigation system.
Influence of different reynolds numbers and geometries on water jacket cooling performance in a compression ignition engine
Authors: Kantaroğlu Emrah 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, the effect of cooling water Re number and geometry on the cooling performance of the water jacket of the F-Type F8Q 706 engine has been investigated. For this purpose, a 1D model of the engine has been created and verified with the engine performance test results. The effective power for 2500 rpm in the model has been 8.785% higher than the test in the engine catalogue. In another test, the power value has been calculated to be 8.411% higher on average for all engine speeds. Using the in-cylinder pressures and temperatures have been taken from the 1D model, some boundary conditions of the 3D water jacket CFD model have been calculated from the analytical equations. In the calculations have been made in 3D CFD analysis, the stored heat has been decreased by 62.57% from 22128.97 Re to 6175.79 Re. In addition, the average temperature on the cylinder liner surface has been increased by 21.82% at the same Re numbers. At the end of the geometric structure analysis, the finned jacket geometry has been increased the stored heat by 42.01% and the number of PECs by 20.74%. Thus, in the water jacket heat transfer calculations have been made using a validated 1D engine model in addition to analytical and numerical calculations, it has been observed that the change in geometric properties created a good heat storage ability.
Unraveling Reproductive and Maternal Health Challenges of Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Vietnam: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Nguyen Lynn T. , Le Giang M. , Nguyen Diep B. , Nguyen Trang T. , Lin Chunqing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a significant public health concern worldwide. Women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) have the additional and unique need to seek sexual and reproductive health services. WLHA’s maternal health journeys can be shaped by the cultural norms and resources that exist in their society. This study sought to understand if and how WLHA’s family planning, pregnancy, and motherhood experiences could be influenced by the patriarchal culture, gender roles, and HIV stigma in Vietnam, specifically. Methods Between December 2021 and March 2022, 30 WLHA with diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and childbirth experiences were interviewed in Hanoi, Vietnam. These semi-structured interviews covered topics including HIV stigma, gender norms, pregnancy experiences, and child-rearing challenges. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed using ATLAS.ti. Results Qualitative analyses of participant quotes revealed how limited information on one’s health prospects and reproductive options posed a significant challenge to family planning. Societal and familial expectations as well as economic circumstances also influenced reproductive decision-making. WLHA often encountered substandard healthcare during pregnancy, labor, and delivery. Stigma and lack of provider attentiveness resulted in cases where women were denied pain relief and other medical services. Communication breakdowns resulted in failure to administer antiretroviral therapy for newborns. Motherhood for WLHA was shadowed by concerns for not only their own health, but also the wellbeing of their children, as HIV stigma affected their children at school and in society as well. Many WLHA highlighted the constructive or destructive role that family members could play in their childbirth decision-making and care-giving experiences. Conclusions Overall, this study underscores the complex ways that cultural expectations, family support, and stigma in healthcare impact WLHA. Efforts to educate and engage families and healthcare providers are warranted to better understand and address the needs of WLHA, ultimately improving their reproductive and maternal health.
Evidence of filamentary superconductivity in pressurized La3Ni2O7-delta single crystals
Authors: Sun Liling , Zhou Yazhou , Guo Jing , Cai Shu , Wang Pengyu , Zhao Jinyu , Han Jinyu , Chen Xintian , Wu Qi , Ding Yang , Xiang Tao , Mao Ho-Kwang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since the discoveries of high-temperature superconductivity in cuprate superconductors1,2, the attempts to understand their superconducting mechanism and search for new high-temperature superconducting families have never been paused in over three decades. Recently, the signatures of superconductivity near 80 K have been discovered in the single crystal of La3Ni2O7-d under pressure3, which makes it a new candidate of the high-temperature superconductors dominated by 3d transition elements after the cuprate and iron-pnictide superconductors1,2,4, and has attracted significant attention. However, the superconductivity, characterized by the zero resistance and the Meissner effect, is anomalously irreproducible in La3Ni2O7-d. In this study, we report the experimental results obtained from highly sensitive ac susceptibility measurements, which reveal that the maximum superconducting volume fraction in the La3Ni2O7-d sample is approximately 1% (employing superconducting vanadium as a reference). In tandem with the observation of the zero-resistance state only in some of the samples, we suggest that the superconductivity in this nickelate is filamentary-like. Furthermore, from the high-pressure Hall coefficient (RH) measurements, we find that RH remains positive under pressure up to 28.8 GPa but displays a significant change in RH(P) at the critical pressure of about 10 GPa, where the superconductivity emerges, highlighting the crucial role of hole-carrier enhancement in boosting the superconductivity in La3Ni2O7-d. Our results provide new insights into understanding the puzzling questions of the high-Tc superconductivity emerging from this complex system and a clue for exploring new high-Tc superconducting materials in 3d transition metal compounds.
PSMC6 as a Potential Novel Prognostic and Diagnostic Marker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Associated with Immune Infiltration and Drug Sensitivity
Authors: Li Xue Yu , Li Yan Juan , Wei Liu Ting , Huang QiongQing , Tang YanPing , Cao Ji , Rong Min Hua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: ATPase proteasome 26S subunit 6(PSMC6), a member of the 19S regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome. It catalyszes bears the responsibility of catalyzing the unfolding and translocation of substrates into the confines of the 20S proteasome. It has shown its ascending significance in multiple cancers such as Lung adenocarcinoma, Glioma, and Breast invasive carcinoma. However, no systematic analysis has been conducted to explore its function hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). in this study, we explored the relationship between PSMC6 expression in the HCC and clinical prognosis, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity.
METHODS: We analyzed RNA expression data of patients with HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO databases to explore the value of PSMC6 mRNA expression in clinical prognosis. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were employed to validate PSMC6 expression at the mRNA and protein levels. We then investigated cell viability and migratory ability by CCK8 and transwell assay, respectively.
Results: The expression of PSMC6 in HCC tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (p < 0.001). PSMC6 expression was closely correlated with immune cell infiltration. Twelve sensitive drugs were screened in the PSMC6 high-expression group, and further experiments confirmed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of PSMC6 in HCC cells were upregulated. PSMC6 knockdown by Small interfering RNA significantly reduced HCC cancer cell viability and invasion .
CONCLUSION: PSMC6 may be used as a novel prognostic marker, which and can help be used to formulate personalized treatments for HCC patients.
Evaluating Differences in the Proteome Within Extracellular Vesicles Between Pre- Malignant and Malignant Plasma Cell Disorders
Authors: Vanderboom Patrick M. , Chawla Yogesh , Dasari Surendra , Kapoor Isha , Kumar Shaji K. , N K Sreekumaran , Gonsalves Wilson I. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Precursor plasma cell disorders such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) always precede the development of active malignancies such as multiple myeloma (MM). There is a need for novel biomarkers to identify those patients with such precursor plasma cell disorders who rapidly progress to MM. Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) may serve as a reservoir of potential biomarkers that can shed light on the pathogenesis and disease biology in MM.
Methods: This study isolated small EVs (SEVs) and large EVs (LEVs) from the platelet-poor peripheral blood plasma of MGUS (n=9) and MM (n=12) patients using the size exclusion chromatography (SEC)-based method and evaluated their proteome using a label-free proteomics workflow.
Results: In total, 2,055 proteins were identified in SEVs, while 2,794 proteins were identified in LEVs. The transferrin receptor (TFRC or CD71) protein was upregulated in both populations of EVs derived from MM patients compared to MGUS patients and was of prognostic significance. Similarly, three isoforms of serum amyloid A (SAA) protein, SAA1, SAA2, and SAA4, were also highly upregulated in SEVs within MM patients relative to MGUS patients. Finally, CD40 expression was also higher within the LEVs derived from MM patients than MGUS patients.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates the feasibility of successfully isolating both SEVs and LEVs from the peripheral blood of patients with plasma cell disorders and quantifying protein biomarkers within these EVs that could be of prognostic and diagnostic interest.
Enhanced Mode-Locked Laser Control with Deep Reinforcement Learning: A Comparative Study with DDQN, TD3 and SAC Algorithms
Authors: Chen Gezhi , Luo Saiyu , Li Li 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Deep reinforcement learning algorithms, i.e. Double Deep Q Network (DDQN), Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic policy gradient (TD3), and Soft Actor-Critic (SAC), have recently found their applications in laser mode-locking. However, their performances have not yet been compared in detail. We show the implementation of the three AI algorithms on a simulated fiber laser mode-locked by nonlinear polarization rotation. The reward function is specifically designed to maximize the tendency of mode-locking by introducing kurtosis in frequency domain. The training curves indicate that TD3 and SAC outperform DDQN in multi-input context. DDQN has difficulty in handling multiple inputs and tends to have issues with convergence. While TD3 is most stable and efficient, SAC is more advantageous in searching various states. The simulation pulse evolution diagrams of these states are also listed to confirm the feasibility of training a mode-locked laser model through the three AI algorithms.
Evaluation of Width and Thickness of Attached Gingiva and Its Association with Age, Gender and Arch Location in Nepalese Population
Authors: Rijal Arjun Hari , Dhami Bhageshwar , Khapung Anju , Ghimire Pratistha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The width and thickness of attached gingiva are important clinical parameters. Considerable variations exist in the same as well as in different individuals. This study aimed to assess the width and thickness of the attached gingiva and its relationship with age, gender, and arch location in the Nepalese patients.
Methods
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 individuals visiting periodontics department who were categorized into three age-groups with equal distribution of gender in each group. The width of attached gingiva (WAG) was determined using University of North Carolina − 15 probe after locating the mucogingival junction. Data were gathered, entered in excel sheet version 19 and SPSS version 20 was used for further analysis. Mean and standard deviation were calculated. Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA was used to find out the significant difference between variables. Correlation between dependent and independent variables was discovered with the help of Pearson correlation test. The significance level was set at 5% with a 95% confidence level.
Results
120 individuals with 1440 teeth were examined to measure the WAG with equal distribution of gender. The maximum WAG was found on maxillary right lateral incisor and minimum width on mandibular left first premolar. The average WAG was greater in the upper arch (3.19 mm) than in the lower (2.71 mm). Maximum thickness (1.728 mm) of attached gingiva was found on the mandibular left first molars and minimum width (0.667 mm) on mandibular left first premolars.
Conclusions
As individuals age, there is a reduction in gingival thickness, accompanied by an increase in the WAG across both dental arches. In terms of gender differences, females exhibit a higher thickness of attached gingiva (TAH) in comparison to male counterpart.