bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new fabrication method for enhancing the yield of linear micromirror arrays assisted by temporary anchors
Authors: Yu Yiting , Xiao Xingchen , Mao Ting , Shi Yingchao , Zhou Kui , Hao Jia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As one of the most common spatial light modulators, the linear micromirror array (MMA) based on the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) process is utilized in many fields nowadays. However, two crucial challenges exist to fabricate such devices: adhesion of silicon microstructures caused by anodic bonding and destruction of the suspended silicon film due to residual stress. To solve these issues, an innovative processing method assisted by temporary anchors is proposed. It effectively reduces the span of silicon microstructures and improves the Euler buckling limit of the silicon film. Importantly, these temporary anchors are strategically placed within the primary etching areas, requiring no additional processing steps for easy removal. As a result, we successfully achieve wafer-level, high-yield manufacturing of linear MMAs with filling factor as high as of 95.1%. Compared to the original MMA, this enhanced version now boasts a total of 60 linear micromirror elements, each featuring a length-to-width ratio of 52.6, and the entire optical aperture measures 5 mm × 6 mm. The linear MMA exhibits optical deflection angle of 20.4° at 110 Vdc while maintaining exceptional deflection flatness and uniformity. This study offers a viable approach for design and fabrication of thin-film MEMS devices with high yields, and the proposed MMA holds promise as a replacement of the digital micromirror device (DMD, by TI Corp.) in such fields as spectral imaging and optical communication.
Emu Oil-modulated faecal microbiota transplantation restores distal colonic barrier function in a mouse model of Crohn’s-like colitis
Authors: Wanner Kiara Elise , Mitchell Chloe Jade , Mhlanga Sisanda Nomcebo , Howarth Gordon Stanley , Chartier Lauren Claire , Mashtoub Suzanne 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) demonstrated improved intestinal barrier function and clinical indicators in Crohn’s disease. Previously, Emu Oil (EO) demonstrated anti-inflammatory and reparative properties in experimentally-induced Crohn’s-like colitis. We aimed to determine whether EO-modulated FMT would reduce disease severity in a mouse model of Crohn’s-like colitis.
Methods
Female ARC(s) mice were allocated to FMT donor (n = 5/group) and recipient (n = 10/group) groups. Donor mice were orally-administered either Water (80µl), Olive Oil (OO; 160µl) or EO (160µl) for 7 days, followed by 3 days of faecal collection. Recipient mice received a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) enema (120µl, 3mg; day 0), inducing Crohn’s-like colitis and intrarectally-administered donor faecal supernatant (120µl; day 3). Bodyweight and disease activity were recorded daily and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran was orally-administered (500mg/kg) before euthanasia (day 6). Colonic mucin-secreting goblet cell counts and crypt depth measurements were determined histologically. p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results
TNBS induced bodyweight loss and increased disease activity in all groups (p < 0.05). Bodyweights normalised for all groups on day 6, however, only EO FMT normalised disease activity on day 6 compared with day 0. EO FMT significantly increased colonic mucin cell counts compared with Water FMT (27.5%; p < 0.05) and OO FMT (33.3%; p < 0.05) in TNBS-treated mice. EO nor OO FMT influenced FITC-dextran uptake or colonic crypt depth compared with Water FMT (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
EO-modulated FMT increased colonic mucin cell counts, suggesting a potential role in the management of Crohn’s disease. Future studies would benefit from investigating the impact of EO-modulated FMT on other clinical indicators of disease and gastrointestinal microbiome.
Tracking health threat from gaseous organic mixture in industry
Authors: Wang Di , Zhang Xinmin , Zhao Wenjuan , Zhang Weiqi , Nie Lei , Shao Xia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Industrial production emits a multitude of pollutants, among which volatile organic compounds (VOCs) almost exists in every industry. Serving as central factor in atmospheric chemistry, VOCs has been strictly controlled worldwide. However, a gap between VOCs regulation and health effect has increased owing to the complexity of characterizing deleterious species and understanding their hazards. We learned the exposure profiles of occupational workers in 24 VOCs-related industries, identified the aggregate risk of individual species, and assessed the cumulative risk for affected organs /tissues. Results showed that toxic species in exposed VOCs mixture significantly increased the burden on respiratory, reproductive, hepatic, urinary, immune, and developmental system. We further developed an accompanying understanding of how ongoing control measures reduced health threats and proposed long and short-term strategy to improve health. The results highlight the importance of considering health and atmospheric chemistry equally in determining VOCs limits, and thus harmonize environment and human simultaneously.
Impact of cerebral complications in acute infective endocarditis: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Sugiyama Kayo , Watanuki Hirotaka , Tochii Masato , Kai Takayuki , Koiwa Daisuke , Matsuyama Katsuhiko 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
The treatment of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) who have cerebral complications remains less understood. Therefore, this study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with acute IE based on preoperative intracranial findings.
METHODS
Of 32 patients with acute IE treated at our hospital between August 2015 and March 2022, 31 patients of whom preoperative intracranial imaging evaluation was available were included in our analysis and compared with those with and without intracranial findings. The preoperative background, intraoperative findings, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) data, and postoperative courses were reviewed.
RESULTS
Among the 31 patients, 20 (65%) had preoperative imaging findings. The group with intracranial findings was significantly older, with more embolisms in other organs and positive intraoperative pathology findings. Patients with intracranial findings had significantly longer CPB times. A new cerebral hemorrhage developed postoperatively in one patient without intracranial findings. There were no early deaths; two patients had recurrent infections in each group, and one died as a result of sepsis in the late phase in the group with intracranial findings.
CONCLUSIONS
Positive intracranial findings indicated significantly active infectious conditions preoperatively but did not affect the postoperative course. Patients without cerebral complications can develop serious cerebral hemorrhage. Although meticulous examination of cerebral complications in all patients with IE is essential, a strategy should be adopted to prevent cerebral hemorrhage, even in patients without lesions.
The Immokalee Health Project: Examining health-related knowledge level and health-specific self- efficacy among Haitians in Immokalee, Florida
Authors: Kahar Payal , Negroni Lirio K , Farris Cindy , Dzioba Christina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To examine health-related knowledge levels and health-specific self-efficacy among Haitians in Immokalee, Florida.
Methods
Eight community-based health events consisting of an hour-long interactive health education sessions were conducted during 2022-23. Pre- and post-knowledge levels based on 20 questions (adapted from Florida Literacy Coalition) on staying healthy, chronic diseases, health communication between physician and patient, and health emergency preparedness were assessed via face-to-face interviews or self-administered surveys. Self-efficacy for nutrition and physical activity (PA) using 5-item scales was evaluated at baseline and six months.
Results
A total of 156 Haitians participated at baseline, while only 56 could be reached in six-month follow-ups. Correct responses on pre-tests averaged 42%, there was a statistically significant increase in knowledge levels (8.5 ± 3.4) after the health education (10.2 ± 3.4; p < .001). Post-knowledge levels were significantly higher for those with higher educational levels (p .034). Nutrition self-efficacy scores at six months were higher for those who had higher educational levels, the difference being significant (p .037). Nutrition self-efficacy scores were lower at baseline and six-month follow-up for the retired (p .001 and .035 respectively). Those with lower BMI had higher mean self-efficacy scores at baseline than those with higher BMI (p .042). Physical activity self-efficacy scores at baseline were significantly lower for the retired than other employment categories (p .003) and higher for those who self-reported to be diabetic (p .048).
Conclusion
Low health-related knowledge levels before education and the substantial increase in knowledge after educational intervention indicate the need for more educational programs. There were no significant improvements in health-related knowledge levels or health-specific self-efficacy scores at six months. Sustained health education and promotion initiatives to improve knowledge and health-specific self-efficacy through hands-on activities are recommended.
A Novel Carbon Stocking Estimation Through Continuous Catalog Learning
Authors: Haor Dror , Liven Hagit , Barshai Mira , Sela Eitan , Smith Gordon R. , Preisler Yakir 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The role of forests as a significant mitigator of anthropogenic \coo emissions is integral to the global efforts to combat climate change. Precise monitoring of carbon sequestration is a high priority for governments and organizations striving to achieve a zero atmospheric carbon balance.The combination of remote sensing and machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool for estimating above-ground biomass (AGB) in diverse ecosystems.However, accurately measuring the carbon sequestrated by forests at various scales and forest types is still a technological and practical challenge carrying the risk of carbon overestimation, which may lead to wrong decision-making, flawed climate change mitigation actions, financial losses, and more.In this study, we propose a novel method to address this need using a catalog-based carbon stocking approach integrated within a continuous learning mechanism.Our method estimates forest carbon stocking based on high-resolution aerial LiDAR and multispectral imagery, offering valuable insights beyond the limitations of satellite-based imagery. Through the combination of unsupervised learning and a ground-based calibration procedure, we successfully delineated 10 distinct forest types within a vast area of mixed forest spanning 55,000 hectares.The calibrated carbon stocking estimation demonstrated superior accuracy compared to satellite-based analysis, as evidenced by rigorous cross-validation using an unprecedented dataset of 802 ground-surveyed plots.Employing a continual learning mechanism, the system can estimate carbon stocking on a 25x25m grid, enabling generalization across multiple forest types and scales of aggregation within a unified framework.This work serves as a starting point for further research to enhance the accuracy of carbon stocking monitoring and contribute to the momentum of carbon sequestration efforts.In addition to the scientific significance of this paper, we have made a notable contribution by providing access to a comprehensive dataset. This dataset encompasses high-density LiDAR point cloud data and multispectral imagery data, covering more than 13,000 acres and including samples from 1,725 individual trees.To our knowledge, this represents the most extensive combined aerial-ground dataset published in this field to date. Our objective in sharing this dataset is to facilitate ongoing research and set a benchmark for advancements in the domain of carbon stocking estimation.
Growth Differentiation Factor-15 as a Negative Predictor for Microvascular Obstruction in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Wu Xiang , Bai Jian , Tan Ying , Wei Zhonghai , Dai Qing , Kang Lina , Wang Lian , Chen Jianzhou , Yang Yining , Wang Kun , Wu Han 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with cardioprotective effects, but circulating GDF-15 concentration predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes in clinical settings. Microvascular obstruction (MVO) formation contributed to poor prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). We aimed to investigate GDF-15 concentration in relation to the development of MVO in STEMI patients after pPCI, which might help better understand the role of GDF-15 in STEMI. GDF-15 levels at six hours after pPCI and MVO extent at day 5 ± 2 after pPCI were measured in 74 STEMI patients (mean age 60.3 ± 12.8 years, 86.5% men). The adjusted association of GDF-15 with MVO was analyzed with MVO treated as a categorized variable (extensive MVO, defined as MVO extent ≥ 2.6% of left ventricular (LV)) and a continuous variable (MVO mass, % of LV), respectively, in multivariate logistic and linear regression models. 41.9% of the patients developed extensive MVO after pPCI. In multivariate analysis, the odds ratio (95% confidential interval (CI)) of each standard deviation (SD) increase in GDF-15 for developing extensive MVO was 0.46 (0.21, 0.82), p = 0.02). Consistently, when MVO was used a continuous variable, each SD increase in GDF-15 was associated with a substantially lower MVO mass (β -0.42, standard error 0.19, p = 0.03). GDF-15 was a negative predictor for MVO in STEMI patients after pPCI. The observation was consistent with results from experiment studies, suggesting a potential protective effect of GDF-15 against cardiac injury.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Impact of Nomophobia Among Health Care Professional Students in Chennai and Kanchipuram
Authors: Saranya K. , Sahana.S  , Kanna D.E. Nirman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Nomophobia is defined as a state of socio-psychological illness, refers to a fear of lack of access to mobile phone, which is thought to be a modern age disorder that causes negative health risks and harmful psychological effects.
Objective
To assess the impact of nomophobia among health care professional students and to determine if nomophobia can increase the likelihood of problematic dependent, prohibited and dangerous mobile phone use, human error during clinical practice, and also to educate and create awareness and Knowledge about nomophobia among Heath Care Professional Students.
Methodology:
A cross sectional study conducted in Chennai and Kanchipuram, from March 15th 2023 to August 15th 2023. Permission was obtained from IEC; a well-organized questionnaire was executed with 20 items using the Google Forms. Pre- structured questions were pre-validated by Experts. Google form contains the details such as socio-demographic, impact analyzing questions. The Completed data was collected, entered in excel sheet and the results was analyzed with the proper statistical method.
Conclusion
Our study concludes that every healthcare professional student should be free from nomophobia, to serve a healthy society.
Black phosphorus quantum dots pretreated ADSCs promotes bone regeneration coupling of osteogenesis and osteoimmunomodulation
Authors: He Yi , Tang Yuquan , Zeng Binghui , Yuan Linyu , Lu Yunyang , Du Weidong , Li Runze , Yi Chen , Chen Xun , Pan Kuangwu , Yu Dongsheng , Zhao Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are ideal candidates for regenerative therapy to promote the critical bone defects repair due to their good accessibility, multi-potency capacity and paracrine functions. However, the limited osteogenic differentiation ability and uncertain paracrine function seriously impedes the clinical application of ADSCs in bone regeneration engineering. Herein, we explore the cellular behaviors and osteogenic ability of ADSCs treated with black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs). Additionally, macrophage polarization, osteogenic effects and angiogenesis functions are explored through paracrine pathway regulated by BPQDs-pretreated ADSCs. BPQDs show good biocompatibility with ADSCs and BPQDs-pretreated ADSCs can improve osteogenesis process in vivo by promoting osteogenic differentiation and osteoimmunomodulation. In mechanism, BPQDs increase the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs, which can be regulated via the Wnt/β-catenin and BMP2/SMAD5/Runx2 signaling pathway. On the other hand, BPQDs-pretreated ADSCs promote the osteogenic effect of BMSCs and facilitate the polarization of macrophages from M1 towards M2 phenotype transformation in turn to accelerate the angiogenesis through paracrine pathway. This strategy provides a novel idea for the use of bone tissue engineering in the foreseeable future.
Factors Associated With Health Facility Delivery Among Women With Disabilities in Uganda
Authors: Johnstone Galande , Wandera Stephen Ojiambo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroduction:Nearly half of all the women who die due to pregnancy-related causes are from sub-Saharan Africa. Women living with disabilities' concerns are incomparable because they are compounded by their inabilities and external barriers in accessing health facility delivery. The aim of this paper was to study factors associated with health facility delivery among women with disabilities in Uganda.Methods:A secondary analysis of data from a sample of 869 women with disabilities who reported having given birth of their last birth five years preceding the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey, 2016. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine the relationships between health facility delivery and the explanatory variables.Results:About two in three (67%) of the women with disabilities delivered their last child in a health facility. Women who attended four or more Antenatal Care (ANC) visits (OR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.4-2.5), mothers whose educational level is secondary or more (OR=4.5, 95% CI: 2.0-10.0) and mothers from the middle-income households (OR=1.6, 95% CI: 1.0-2.6) were most likely to deliver from a health facility. Similarly, mothers who regularly listened to the radio and owned a mobile phone (OR=1.7, 95% CI: 1.1-2.6) and mothers who resided in urban areas (OR= 2.2, 95% CI = 1.3–3.9) were likely to deliver from a health facilityConclusion:The factors which were significantly associated with health facility delivery among women with disabilities were ANC visits, education, households’ well-being (wealth quintile), exposure to media and place of residence. Regular and early commencement of ANC attendance should be emphasized. Economically empowering women with disabilities by increasing their level of income and also encouraging the girl child with disabilities to continue with education might increase in health facility delivery.
How Do the Orthographies Affect the Reading and Writing of English and Urdu at Grade 4: A Test-Based Study
Authors: Nusrat Muhammad , Nasreen Farah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This research paper delves into the challenges facing Urdu Language Processing (ULP), identifying the orthographic and morphological complexities of the language. The study also investigates the relationship between errors made in Urdu and English dictation among grade 4 students. The findings suggest a positive correlation between errors made in both languages, indicating that students may struggle to learn languages with different orthographies. The study emphasizes the need for tailored teaching methods and additional support for students learning multiple languages with complex orthographies. This research has significant implications for language teachers and educators, providing insights into the challenges facing students and suggesting strategies to improve language proficiency and academic performance. The paper's findings underscore the need for more research to develop effective teaching strategies and support students learning multiple languages.
Results and Limits of Time Division Multiplexing for the BICEP Array High Frequency Receivers
Authors: Fatigoni Sofia , Ade Peter A.R. , Zeeshan Ahmed , Amiri Mandana , Barkats Denis , Thakur Ritoban Basu , Bischoff Colin A. , Beck Dominic , Bock James J. , Buza Victor , Cheshire James R. , Connors Jake , Cornelison James , Crumrine Michael , Cukierman Ari Josef , Denison Edward , Dierickx Marion , Duband Lionel , Elben Miranda , Filippini Jeff P. , Fortes Antonio , Gao Min , Giannakopoulos Christos , Goeckner-Wald Neil , Goldfinger David C. , Grayson James A. , Grimes Paul , Hall Grantland , Halal George , Halpern Mark , Hand Emma , Harrison Sam A. , Henderson Shawn , Hildebrandt Sergi , Hilton Gene C. , Hubmayr Johannes , Hui Howard , Irwin Kent D. , Kang Jae Hwan , Karkare Kirit S. , Kefeli Sinan , Kovac John M. , Kuo Chao-Lin , Lau King , Lennox Amber , Liu Tongtian , Megerian Koko G. , Miller Oliver , Minutolo Lorenzo , Moncelsi Lorenzo , Nakato Yuka , Nguyen Hien T. , O'Brient Roger , Palladino Steven , Petroff Matthew A. , Polish Annie , Prouve Thomas , Pryke Clement , Racine Benjamin , Reintsema Carl D. , Romand Thibault , Salatino Maria , Schillaci Alessandro , Schmitt Benjamin , Singari Baibhav , Soliman Ahmed , Germaine Tyler St , Steiger Aaron , Steinbach Bryan , Sudiwala Rashmi , Thompson Keith L. , Tsai Calvin , Tucker Carole , Turner Anthony D. , Umiltà Caterina , Verges Clara , Wandui Albert , Weber Alexis C. , Wiebe Don , Willmert Justin , Wu Wai Ling K. , Yang Hung-I , Young Edward , Yu Cyndia , Zeng Lingzhen , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Silvia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Time-Division Multiplexing is the readout architecture of choice for many groundand space experiments, as it is a very mature technology with proven outstandinglow-frequency noise stability, which represents a central challenge in multiplex-ing. Once fully populated, each of the two BICEP Array high frequency receivers,observing at 150GHz and 220/270GHz, will have 7776 TES detectors tiled on thefocal plane. The constraints set by these two receivers required a redesign of thewarm readout electronics. The new version of the standard Multi Channel Elec-tronics, developed and built at the University of British Columbia, is presentedhere for the first time. BICEP Array operates Time Division Multiplexing readouttechnology to the limits of its capabilities in terms of multiplexing rate, noise andcrosstalk, and applies them in rigorously demanding scientific application requir-ing extreme noise performance and systematic error control. Future experimentslike CMB-S4 plan to use TES bolometers with Time Division/SQUID-basedreadout for an even larger number of detectors.