bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limitations of the Cough Sound-Based COVID-19 Diagnosis Artificial Intelligence Model and its Future Direction: Longitudinal Observation Study
Authors: Kim Jina , Choi Yong Sung , Lee Young Joo , Yeo Seung Geun , Kim Kyung Won , Kim Min Seo , Rahmati Masoud , Yon Dong Keon , Lee Jinseok 
Published: February 2024

Background
The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 has necessitated the rapid and accurate detection of COVID-19 to manage patients effectively and implement public health measures. Artificial intelligence (AI) models analyzing cough sounds have emerged as promising tools for large-scale screening and early identification of potential cases.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of using cough sounds as a diagnostic tool for COVID-19, considering the unique acoustic features that differentiate positive and negative cases. We investigated whether an AI model trained on cough sound recordings from specific periods, especially the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, were applicable to the ongoing situation with persistent variants.

Methods
We used cough sound recordings from 3 data sets (Cambridge, Coswara, and Virufy) representing different stages of the pandemic and variants. Our AI model was trained using the Cambridge data set with subsequent evaluation against all data sets. The performance was analyzed based on the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) across different data measurement periods and COVID-19 variants.

Results
The AI model demonstrated a high AUC when tested with the Cambridge data set, indicative of its initial effectiveness. However, the performance varied significantly with other data sets, particularly in detecting later variants such as Delta and Omicron, with a marked decline in AUC observed for the latter. These results highlight the challenges in maintaining the efficacy of AI models against the backdrop of an evolving virus.

Conclusions
While AI models analyzing cough sounds offer a promising noninvasive and rapid screening method for COVID-19, their effectiveness is challenged by the emergence of new virus variants. Ongoing research and adaptations in AI methodologies are crucial to address these limitations. The adaptability of AI models to evolve with the virus underscores their potential as a foundational technology for not only the current pandemic but also future outbreaks, contributing to a more agile and resilient global health infrastructure.
Effects of Acetyl-L-Carnitine Administration on Auditory Evoked Potentials in Rats Exposed to Chronic Ethanol
Authors: Er Hakan , Kantar Deniz , Acun Alev Duygu , Gemici Ayşegül , Derin Narin , Ercan Kelek Sevim 
Published: February 2024

These days, one of the biggest issues facing public health is chronic alcohol consumption. Prolonged alcohol intake has been associated with a number of illnesses, including pancreatitis, cerebrovascular illnesses, and liver damage. It is known that the endogenous molecule acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) has neuroprotective properties. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of ALCAR on auditory evoked potentials (AEP) in a model of chronic alcoholism in rats. Four groups (n = 10) were randomly formed from 40 three-month-old albino Wistar rats: Sham (Sh), chronic ethanol (CE), ALCAR administered (ALCAR), and chronic ethanol+ALCAR (CE+ALCAR). The rats were administered either distilled water, ethanol, ALCAR, or ethanol+ALCAR via gavage for a duration of 4 weeks. AEP recordings were acquired from each rat upon the conclusion of the experiment period. The amplitudes of P1N1 and N1P2, in addition to the latencies of the P1, N1, and P2 peaks, were analyzed. Our findings showed that P1, N1, and P2 latencies were considerably prolonged in the CE group compared to the Sh group. Furthermore, the amplitudes of P1N1 and N1P2 exhibited an increase in the CE group relative to the Sh group, a decline in the CE+ALCAR group in comparison to the CE group, and a subsequent return to normal levels. Finally, our results demonstrated that, at the dose and duration used here, ALCAR normalized the increased neuronal activity but had no effect on the conduction velocity of the hearing signal.
Longitudinal Changes in Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) and Risk of Incident Diabetes: The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN)
Authors: Hedderson Monique M. , Capra Angela , Lee Catherine , Habel Laurel A. , Lee Jennifer , Gold Ellen B. , Badon Sylvia E. , Mitro Susanna D. , El Khoudary Samar R. 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the associations of longitudinal changes in sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and testosterone (T) over the menopause transition with the risk of diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We followed 2,952 participants in the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) who were premenopausal or early perimenopausal and diabetes-free at baseline. SHBG,T, and estradiol (E2) levels were measured at up to 13 follow-up visits (over up to 17 years). We used complementary log-log–based discrete-time survival models anchored at baseline.

RESULTS
Diabetes developed in 376 women. A 5-unit increase in time-varying SHBG was associated with a 10% reduced risk of diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 0.91, 95% CI 0.87–0.95), adjusting for covariates, and baseline SHBG,T, and E2 levels. Time-varying T was not associated with diabetes risk. Compared with the lowest quartile for annual rate of change of SHBG since baseline (quartile 1 [Q1] −92.3 to −1.5 nmol/L), all other quartiles were associated with a decreased risk of diabetes adjusting for covariates and baseline SHBG; associations persisted after adjusting for rate of change of T and E2 (Q2 [&gt; −1.5 to −0.2 nmol/L] HR 0.33, 95% CI 0.23–0.48; Q3 [&gt; −0.2 to 1.3 nmol/L] HR 0.37, 95% CI 0.25–0.55; Q4 [&gt;1.3 to 82.0 nmol/L] HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.30–0.63).

CONCLUSIONS
Increasing levels of SHBG over the menopause transition were associated with a decreased risk of incident diabetes. Stable to increasing rates of change in SHBG were also independently associated with a decreased risk of diabetes compared with decreasing rates of change, suggesting SHBG may affect glucose through a mechanism beyond androgenicity.
Att öppna för ett annat musikaliskt varande: Kultivering av klassiska musikerstudenters professionella omdöme
Authors: Holmgren Carl , Ferm Almqvist Cecilia 
Published: February 2024

Musikerstudenter inom klassisk västerländsk musik utbildas i ett europeiskt perspektiv vid musikhögskolor, sprungna ur den konservatorietradition som uppstod under 1800-talet inom vilken hantverksmässiga färdigheter betonades. I och med Bologna- anpassningen av musikerutbildningarna fick reflektion ökad betydelse vilket har aktualiserat relationen och spänningen mellan praktik och teori i undervisningen. Dock har vare sig vilka aspekter av musikerprofessionen som dylik reflektion omfattar eller hur utbildningarna förbereder studenter för att kunna agera med gott omdöme i sin yrkespraktik hitintills beforskats i någon högre grad. Vår avsikt är att i denna resonerande artikel söka skissera och problematisera ett förslag på vad ett professionellt omdöme skulle kunna innebära för klassiska musiker och hur det kan kultiveras inom högre musikutbildning. Med utgångspunkt i ett exempel från en av författarnas konstnärliga praktik, Hannah Arendts omdömesfilosofi, samt författarnas tidigare och pågående forskning inom området resonerar vi om vad undervisning och lärande av ett professionellt omdöme bland klassiska musikerstudenter kan och skulle kunna innebära i en konstnärlig akademisk professionsutbildning.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Opening for a different musical being: Cultivating classical music students’ professional judgment
From a European perspective, musicians in Western classical music are educated at conservatories, stemming from the conservatory tradition that arose in the 19th century, emphasising craftsmanship. With the Bologna adaptation of higher musician education, the significance of reflection has increased, which has brought attention to the relationship and tension between practice and theory in conservatory teaching. However, neither the aspects of the musician’s profession that such reflection encompasses nor how the educational programs prepare students to act with good judgment in their professional practice have previously been researched to any greater degree. Our intention in this reflective article is to outline and problematise a proposal for what professional judgment could entail for classical musicians and how it can be cultivated within higher music education. Drawing on an example from one of the authors’ artistic practice, Hannah Arendt’s philosophy of judgment, as well as the authors’ previous and ongoing research, we highlight what teaching and learning of professional judgment among classical musicians can and could mean in an artistic, academic, professional education.
Analisis Akuntansi Pembiayaan Mudarabah Berdasarkan PSAK 105 Pada BMT UGT Nusantara Cabang Pembantu Tayan
Authors: Lestary Dini , Hayatunisa Risatri 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study aims to determine the management of mudarabah financing and to analyze the accounting treatment of mudarabah financing at BMT UGT Nusantara Tayan Sub-Branch based on PSAK 105. Design/methodology/approach: This research method is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach.Research Findings: The accounting treatment for mudarabah financing at BMT UGT Nusantara Tayan sub-branch is based on PSAK 105 which includes recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure. However, there are still discrepancies in the form of non-cash assets at BMT UGT Nusantara Tayan sub-branch.Contribution/Originality/Novelty: At BMT UGT Nusantara Tayan Sub-Branch, discrepancies were found in the practice of mudarabah financing.
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengelolaan pembiayaan mudarabah dan menganalisis perlakuan akuntansi atas pembiayaan mudarabah pada BMT UGT Nusantara Cabang Pembantu Tayan berdasarkan PSAK 105.Desain / metodologi / pendekatan: Metode Penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif .Temuan Penelitian: Perlakuan akuntansi atas pembiayaan mudarabah pada BMT UGT Nusantara cabang pembantu Tayan berdasarkan PSAK 105 yang meliputi pengakuan, pengukuran, penyajian dan pengungkapan. Namun masih ada ketidaksesuaian dalam bentuk aset nonkas pada BMT UGT Nusantara cabang pembantu Tayan.Kontribusi / Orisinalitas / Kebaruan: Pada BMT UGT Nusantara Cabang Pembantu Tayan masih ditemukan ketidaksesuai praktik dalam pembiayaan mudarabah
Studi Eksperimental Variasi Tekanan Keluar (Discharger) Terhadap Kinerja Pompa Air Sentrifugal: Pada Alat Praktikum Mesin Fluida STTI Bontang
Authors: Yani Ahmad , Istiqomah Nurul , Junaini Junaini , Hariyadi Hanif , Raharjo Dwi 
Published: February 2024

Pompa sentrifugal adalah suatu alat atau mesin untuk memindahkan cairan dari satu tempat ke tempat lain dengan menggunakan gaya sentrifugal yang diakibatkan gerak impeller dan sekaligus mengubah tenaga kinetik fluida menjadi tenaga tekan pada cairan yang dipindahkan dan berlangsung secara terus menerus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa prototype instalasi pompa sentrifugal yang dapat digunakan untuk alat praktikum mahasiswa STTI Bontang sehingga dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan berpikir ilmiah mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran matakulaih mesin-mesin fluida. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimental dengan merangcang alat, membuat alat dan melakukan pengujian langsung terhadap alat yang telah dibuat. Hasil rancang bangun instalasi pompa air type centrifugal bekerja secara normal. Hasil pengujian tersebut didapatkan nilai head dikoreksi (H) sebesar 10,4563 m. sedangkan nilai debit (Q) sebesar 5,320621 m3/jam, untuk nilai daya poros pompa (PS) sebesar 0,4527 hp, nilai daya hidrolis (PH) sebesar 0.2019 hp, dan nilai effisiensi pompa (ηp) sebesar 42,90%.Kata Kunci: Rancang bangun, pengujian, pompa sentrifugal, alat praktikum.
Current Areas of International Labor Organization Activity for the Progressive Development of International Labor Law
Authors: Bekyashev D. K. , Mikrina V. G. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The article presents an analysis of the current activities of the International Labor Organization (hereinafter reffered to as the ILO) on the unification of existing and the development of the latest international labor standards for two categories of workers. In particular, we would like to draw attention to the lack of international legal labor standards for professional athletes and the necessary norms to protect their labor rights. In international law, there are a number of universal and regional international legal acts dedicated to professional sports, for example, the International Convention against Apartheid in Sports of 1985, the International Convention against Doping in Sports of 2005, the Council of Europe Convention against Doping of 1989. However, there are no issues of regulating the work of athletes and protecting their labor rights in international legal acts.Another issue that requires the closest attention from the ILO in terms of the progressive development of international labor law is the regulation of remote (remote) work. The article examines various forms of remote work, and also presents a comparative legal analysis of the status of a homeworker and a remote (remote) worker in accordance with ILO documents. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study was the following general scientific and special methods of cognition of legal phenomena and processes: the method of system-structural analysis; formal-logical method.Research results. As a result of the research, the authors found that there is a need to develop an ILO Convention, as well as an appropriate Recommendation that would consolidate the minimum labor rights of athletes with their subsequent extension in employment contracts of a private legal nature. Regarding the legal regulation of remote work, the authors also propose to allocate remote workers into a separate category of workers on a par with homeworkers and domestic workers.Discussion and conclusion. In modern professional sports, workers of various nationalities are represented, consequently, the ILO needs to progressively develop new international standards for the labor rights of athletes at a universal level, in particular, it is proposed to adopt a Convention on the peculiarities of work in professional sports. Since a homeworker and a remote worker are essentially not identical concepts, therefore, the ILO Convention No. 177 on Home Work of 1996 cannot be extended to regulate the work of remote workers, therefore it seems appropriate to develop an appropriate Convention.
MERCADO VERDE:UMA FERRAMENTA DE RECICLAGEM E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Castro Natana dos Santos , Machado Ana Lucia Soares 
Published: February 2024

RESUMO
Objetivo: A proposta Mercado Verde nasceu com o objetivo de compartilhar os conhecimentos ambientais adquiridos no âmbito acadêmico com a sociedade em geral. O estudo visa desenvolver os pilares essenciais da economia verde.
Teórico referencial: Os achados teóricos referentes à economia circular são descritos por (Pearce; Turner, 1989), tratando-se da expansão insustentável causada pelos agraves da falta de conhecimento da reciclagem Zaneti e Higuchi (2019) fundamentala o investigativo. (Barbieiri, 2017; Graça, 2022; Huymajer et al ., 2022; Elkington, 2001; Pei, 2023), alicerçaram a temática do desenvolvimento sustentavél.
Método: A pesquisa reforça o desdobramento de uma metodologia quali-quantitativa. Os dados quantificados, após tratamento das informações obtidas através dos questionários nortearam as publicações da pesquisa e suas aplicações práticas através da realização do Mercado Verde.
Resultados e conclusão: A atividade em coleta de resíduos recicláveis, na comunidade ribeirinha do Catalão, na região Metropolitana de Manaus, serviu para enfatizar a importância através da coleta seletiva na transformação dos resíduos em economia sustentável dentro das conformidades da economia circular, contando com a presença de 111 comunidades na primeira ação solidária do lago do Catalão e aproximadamente 50 participantes na segunda ação realizada no IFAM-CMDI.
Implicações da pesquisa: Os encadeamentos da pesquisa, atrativos para um leque de implementações externas para a Ação solidária com ênfase ao “Mercado Verde” sua cooperação torna o lixo uma dispersão de valor.
Originalidade/valor: A investigação é inédita homologada aos valores propostos pelos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), elaborados pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU).
Palavras-chave: Economia Circular, Mercado Verde, Reciclagem.
Optimization methods for multi-criteria decisions in pharmacy
Authors: Kutova О. V. , Sahaidak-Nikitiuk R. V. 
Published: February 2024

Optimization methods for multi-criteria decisions in pharmacy
In pharmaceutical technological research, the determination of the quantitative composition of granules is considered as a task of multi-criteria selection. Today, to solve this problem, the regression analysis and multi-criteria optimization methods are widely used; they are based on mathematical models obtained for the object under study.
Aim. To identify a decision-making method in a multi-criteria space that is effective for use in pharmaceutical technology research with quantitative factors.
Materials and methods. The study uses tools of the popular computer mathematics system Mathcad (MathSoft Ins., USA) to automate the solution of mathematical problems. To automatically search for the type and coefficients of regression equations, the MS Excel application was used, namely: the data analysis package (regression analysis). The MS Word processor was used to edit the code.
Results. A variety of approaches to the formalization of the multi-criteria optimization task have been studied. The optimal quantitative content of excipients when developing the granule technology has been found using two different optimization criteria, which are formed according to different methodical approaches. The method proposed does not provide for the mandatory introduction of gradation of individual criteria or their weighting factors.
Conclusions. As a result of the comparison of multi-criteria optimization methods, the effectiveness of the decision-making method in the multi-criteria space has been shown; it synthesizes a mathematical procedure related to the vector of criteria and is based on determining the ideal point and introducing the concept of a norm into the space of functionals; it has not been mathematically proven, but it is practically useful decision-making algorithm compared to the mathematical method of convolution of criteria. The optimization method proposed has advantages that are manifested in the possibility of using a relatively simple mathematical apparatus and simplified logic of obtaining a solution.
Calculation of electric field when modeling of intense charged particles beams in complex 2D domains
Authors: Козырев А.Н. , Свешников В.М. 
Published: February 2024

В задачах моделирования интенсивных пучков заряженных частиц, движущихся в областях со сложной конфигурацией границ, точность вычислений траекторий существенно зависит от точности расчета электрических полей. В статье представлены разработанные алгоритмы расчета напряженности электрических полей в расчетных точках траекторий на адаптивных квазиструктурированных сетках. Особое внимание уделено расчетам вблизи криволинейных границ во избежание фатальных ошибок, приводящих к оседанию пучка на стенки моделируемого прибора. Для этого предложены специальные приближающие функции, которые строятся в граничных и приграничных узлах сетки на основе метода наименьших квадратов. Рассмотрены часто встречающиеся случаи, когда на отрезках границы задаются постоянные значения потенциала или его нормальной производной, для которых разработанный подход, как показывают результаты численных экспериментов, значительно повышает точность расчетов.
In problems of modeling intense charged particles beams moving in domains with a complex configuration of boundaries, the accuracy of trajectory calculations significantly depends on the accuracy of calculation of electric fields. In this work, algorithms for calculating the strength of electric fields at the calculated points of trajectories on adaptive quasi-structured grids are developed. Special attention is given to calculations near curvilinear boundaries in order to avoid fatal errors that lead to the beam settling on the walls of the simulated device. For this purpose, special approximating functions are proposed, which are constructed at the boundary and near-boundary grid nodes based on the least squares method. Frequent cases are considered when constant values of the potential or its normal derivative are set on boundary segments, for which the developed approach, as shown by the results of numerical experiments, significantly increases the accuracy of calculations.
Who is my Neighbour? Theological Education in the Global Village of the 21st Century (Responses)
Authors: De Vries Roland , McCance Heather , Lebrecque Cory Andrew 
Published: February 2024

The following are three response papers that were presented at the “Who is My Neighbour? Interfaith Dialogue and Theological Formation Conference,” held on October 19, 2022, and are indirectly responding to Robert Hill's discussion of theological education in the global villiage of the 21st Century.
A running theme throughout the first panel of the second day is the struggle to retain the vitality of the presence of God in theological education today, in contexts that are, not only increasingly diverse, but are also – in some cases – increasingly dismissive or wary of the Christian tradition.

While Hill’s keynote address suggests that this vitality of presence can be retained by adopting a liberal biblical theology, the first respondent, Roland De Vries, considers what is lost when we allow “the myriad of demands placed on theological education” to obscure this vital presence, the very thing that gives theological education its coherence in the first place.
The second respondent, Heather McCance, argues that an important part of overcoming this struggle lies in training students to form a theological imagination – “the capacity to grasp the presence of the holy in and through all things.” Reminding us that this vital presence is what allows theology to reach into “the crevices (or, better, fractures) of life” that other disciplines tend to ignore, Cory Andrew Labrecque ends the panel by offering a series of reflections that highlight the ongoing value of theological education in the twenty-first century, even in spaces that might want to exclude it.
Evaluation of Modified Autocidal Gravid Ovitraps for Control of Aedes aegypti in St. Augustine, Florida
Authors: DIXON DANIEL , BIBBS CHRISTOPHER S. , AUTRY DENA L. , BANFIELD MICHAEL , XUE RUI-DE 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Aedes aegypti is an anthropophilic mosquito that vectors dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever viruses. The US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s autocidal gravid ovitraps (AGOs) may facilitate the control of container-inhabiting Aedes mosquitoes and curb arbovirus outbreaks by taking advantage of oviposition-seeking behavior using pesticide-free technology. The AGOs, manufactured by SpringStar Inc., were tested during the summer of 2018 in St. Augustine, FL. A total of 1,718 AGOs were deployed for study in 3 different 40-acre (∼18.2 ha) plots at a density of 5–7 AGOs per house and a coverage of &gt;90% for all AGO test sites. The AGOs were modified using tap water instead of infusion water to reduce the capture of nontarget organisms. Each intervention and reference area was monitored weekly using BioGents Sentinel traps and Sentinel AGOs. Generalized linear mixed models showed that changes to Aedes mosquito populations were more seasonal than treatment driven. Homeowners expressed positivity about traps and believed the traps were both effective and had directly contributed to increased quality of life.