bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic support to uplist an African cheetah subspecies, Acinonyx jubatus soemmeringii, imperiled by illegal trade
Authors: Schmidt‐Küntzel Anne , Yashphe Shira , Hamalwa Hafeni , Ismail Shukri H. , Tricorache Patricia , Brewer Bruce , O'Brien Stephen J. , Marker Laurie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThere has been a drastic decline in the number of cheetahs in the past century. Illegal pet trade poses a critical threat to the survival of the species and demands more attention. Genetic analysis of 55 cheetahs confiscated in Somaliland shows 100% as Acinonyx jubatus soemmeringii, suggesting that illegal trade subjects A. j. soemmeringii to significant pressure. Continued decline of the estimated 260–590 mature individuals qualifies this subspecies as “endangered” versus currently “vulnerable,” under criterion C2a(i) of the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. A population decline of ≥80% over the next 10 years or 3 generations would even fulfill criterion A3 of “critically endangered.” We urge reclassification of A. j. soemmeringii, as endangered, and appeal to the cheetah community to investigate further uplisting to critically endangered to reflect the likely extinction risk exacerbated by the illegal trade.
ETF and corporate reporting
Authors: Jang In Ji , Kang Namho 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen ownership by ETFs is high, the penalty to missing earnings expectation is smaller by 43%. The smaller penalty is not due to underreaction but is attributed to the long investment horizon of ETFs. Consequently, firms with high ETF ownership engage in earnings and expectation managements less frequently and are less likely to reduce discretionary spending to marginally meet or beat. Using Russell 1000/2000 index reconstitution as an identification, we corroborate the main results. Amid conflicting evidence for the effect of ETFs on market efficiency, our finding highlights their positive effect on corporate reporting.
Deposition behavior and mechanism of thermal sprayed SiC
Authors: Liu Jinhong , Li Kezhi , Guo Lingxiang , Liu Bing , Li Jiachen , Sun Jia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is widely known that silicon carbide (SiC) is challenging to thermal spray. However, the nature of deposition and the underlying mechanisms are still not clearly understood. In the current work, the process of atmospheric plasma‐sprayed SiC was investigated in detail. SiC exhibits sublimation severely under the plasma spraying (PS). More than 65 mol.% SiC particles lost by sublimation during PS estimated by calculation. Due to the nonuniformity of temperature in plasma flame, a small amount of SiC particles was retained. Moreover, a small amount of Si and SiO2 was experimentally observed after deposition process from the single‐splat characterization. According to the first‐principles calculations, the detachment energy of C atom from the lattice (0.591 eV) is lower than that of Si atom (1.257 eV). The adsorption energies of an O atom on the Si‐ and C‐terminated surfaces are −9.549 and −7.631 eV, respectively. Therefore, C is more likely to form gaseous products after decomposition, and Si is more likely to be retained to form Si and SiO2. Mullite was found on the grain boundaries of molten Si, which was attributed to the rapid diffusion of the Al2O3 substrate along the grain boundaries of Si, promoting the spreading of molten splats. It is difficult to stack particles through self‐diffusion among SiC particles to form coatings. The discovery on thermal deposition mechanism of SiC in PS is helpful to promote the practical application of SiC coatings on preparation optimization and interfacial bonding improvement.
Is transmucosal healing of an implant as effective as submerged healing when simultaneous guided bone regeneration is performed? A preclinical study
Authors: Park Jin‐Young , Kwon Yoon‐Hee , Song Young Woo , Cha Jae‐Kook , Jung Ui‐Won , Thoma Daniel , Jung Ronald 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate whether transmucosal healing is as effective as submerged healing in terms of buccal bone regeneration when guided bone regeneration (GBR) is performed simultaneously with implant placement.Materials and MethodsIn six dogs, buccal dehiscence defects were created in the edentulous mandibular ridge, sized 5 × 5 × 3 mm (length × height × depth). In each defect, a bone‐level implant was placed, and four experimental groups were randomly assigned as follows: (i) transmucosal healing with GBR (T‐GBR), (ii) transmucosal healing without GBR (T‐control), (iii) submerged healing with GBR (S‐GBR) and (iv) submerged healing without GBR (S‐control). Data analyses were based on histological slides 5 months after implant placement.ResultsThe T‐GBR group showed significant differences compared to the control groups regarding defect height resolution, buccal bone thickness and mineralized tissue area (p < .05), but showed no significant differences when compared with the S‐GBR group (p > .05).ConclusionsThe mode of healing (transmucosal vs. submerged) does not influence bone regeneration at implant sites. The clinician may therefore choose the approach based on further clinical and patient‐specific parameters.
Exploring the potential of intradermal platelet‐rich plasma in treating acquired bilateral nevus of Ota‐like macule (Hori's nevus): A pilot study
Authors: Deeudomwongsa Pasinee , Chumsaengsri Chumsaeng , Aristizabal Miguel , Kiatsurayanon Chanisa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundHori's nevus is a common and challenging dermatological condition, often complicated by post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation following treatment. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders such as melasma and periorbital darkening. Given the benefits and minimally invasive nature of PRP treatments, exploring its application in managing Hori's nevus through further investigation is worthwhile.AimsTo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intradermal PRP therapy for the treatment of Hori's nevus.MethodsTen female patients received bilateral intradermal PRP injections every 2 weeks for a total of four treatments. The modified dermal pigmentation and severity index (mDPASI), mean melanin index (MI), brightening score, patient self‐assessment, and clinical photographs were evaluated at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post‐treatment. Adverse events were also recorded to determine treatment safety.ResultsAt 12 weeks post‐treatment, mDPASI decreased 38.86%, from 0.929 ± 0.617 to 0.568 ± 0.415 (p < 0.05). The mean melanin index decreased 12.75%, from 208.650 ± 26.319 to 182.052 ± 17.028 (p < 0.05). In addition, the mean brightness score evaluated by two experts was 1.4, indicating 25–50% improvement. At the end of the study, 50% of the patients reported 50–75% improvement. Side effects included pain, mild edema, and bruising, which resolved spontaneously within 3 days. No serious side effects were found.ConclusionOur results suggest that intradermal PRP therapy may be a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of Hori's nevus and can complement conventional interventions. However, further research with a larger sample size, control groups, and longer follow‐up is needed to confirm these findings.
Ketogenic diets: A systematic review of current scientific evidence and possible applicability in dogs and cats
Authors: Vendramini Thiago H. A. , Amaral Andressa R. , Rentas Mariana F. , Nogueira Juliana P. d. S. , Pedrinelli Vivian , de Oliveira Vinicius V. , Zafalon Rafael V. A. , Brunetto Márcio A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractKetogenic diets (KD) have been used in the treatment of epilepsy in humans for around a century and, more recently, they have been implanted for cancer patients, as well as in the treatment of obesity. This type of diet consists of high‐fat levels, an adequate amount of protein and restricted carbohydrates, or high medium‐chain triglycerides. Recently, the ketogenic diet has gained attention in veterinary medicine and studies were published evaluating the effects of KD in dogs with epilepsy. The objective of this review was to highlight recent studies about the application of KD in dogs and cats, to describe the neurobiochemical mechanisms through which KD improves epilepsy crisis, and their adverse effects. Studies were identified by a systematic review of literature available on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. All cohort and case‐control studies were included, and all articles were exported to Mendeley® citation manager, and duplicates were automatically removed. Seven articles and three conference abstracts conducted with dogs were included in the present study. There is evidence that the consumption of diets with medium‐chain triglycerides increases the concentration of circulating ketone bodies and improves epilepsy signs, although these diets have higher carbohydrate and lower fat content when compared to the classic KD.
Welcoming Strangers: Protestant Churches’ Involvement in Refugee Resettlement in the United States
Authors: Lee Young‐joo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProviding shelters and other aid for refugees is one of the core Christian principles, but there exists a great divide in Protestant churches’ response to the refugee crisis. This study examines what contributes to the divide, focusing on how various congregational characteristics relate to churches’ interests and involvement in refugee resettlement. The analysis of the 2018–2019 National Congregations Study data reveals that political conservatism within a church is linked to the disinterest in refugee resettlement. The results also show that churches with more members who have a bachelor's degree and churches participating in international humanitarian works are more likely to have discussions on refugee resettlement. In terms of direct involvement in helping refugees, congregational members’ migration experiences seem to make a significant difference.
Religiously Unaffiliated Youth in Europe: Shifting Remnants of Belief and Practice in Contexts of Diffused Religion and Cohort Decline
Authors: Coutinho José Pereira , Laflamme Sarah Wilkins 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the remnants and dynamics of religious beliefs and practices among religiously unaffiliated youth in Europe, comparing them with the older unaffiliated as well as with the religiously affiliated. Using EVS 2017–2021 data to test contrasting hypotheses of diffused religion and cohort replacement, the study draws three main conclusions. First, youth believe more on average and older age groups believe less when it comes to eschatological beliefs among both the unaffiliated and the affiliated. Second, youth practice less and older age groups practice more on average among both the unaffiliated and the affiliated. Third, the gaps in levels of religious beliefs and practices remain between the religiously unaffiliated and the religiously affiliated among younger populations, but this gap is now narrower for religious practices. Results confirm both hypotheses (diffused religion and cohort replacement) depending on the dimensions of religiosity at study.
Chipping in: functional morphology of the American beaver under range expansion
Authors: Diamond J. , Humphries M. M. , Millien V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClimate warming combined with intensive human activities are modifying ecosystems globally, and the Arctic biota is shifting substantially faster than the global average, allowing many new species to expand their range poleward. One such species, is the American beaver (Castor canadensis), a highly specialized rodent capable of greatly modifying ecosystems by altering forest composition through selective foraging and by flooding the landscape through dam and channel building. As rodent cranial morphology is highly related to its functional requirements for foraging and feeding, the beaver provides an opportunity to evaluate the phenotypic response of species to changing environmental conditions. Here, we test the hypothesis that beaver skull morphology is optimized for its local environmental and habitat conditions across Canadian ecosystems. We found that temperature, precipitations, biomass, and local average tree hardness significantly affect the morphology of key masticatory functional traits of the skull, but not its size. Our results suggest that the beaver's phenotype is locally adapted to environmental conditions as a result of its selective foraging behavior. This work provides insight into the adaptive potential of newly established beaver populations in the sub‐Arctic to inform management strategies for this keystone species. More generally, our work emphasizes the need to consider traits other than body size in research seeking to better understand the response of species to current global change.
Outcomes of RigidFix Cross Pin Fixation in Femoral and Tibial Tunnel for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Yuan Wei , Qi Wei , Hu Tingting , Zhang Jia , An Ming‐yang , Zhao Gang , Wang Xiao‐ping , Li Chunbao , Liu Yujie 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThere is no clear consensus so far on which fixation method is most favorable for the tibial tunnel in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the outcome of RigidFix cross pins fixation in the tibial tunnel and to explore the advantages of RigidFix applied both in the femoral and tibial tunnel with hamstring tendon graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.MethodsThis retrospective study included 53 patients (male/female, 45/8) who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using autologous hamstring tendons between January 2013 and December 2017 at our institute. The participants in group A (n = 36) received anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with RigidFix cross pins fixation in both femoral and tibial tunnels, while those in group B (n = 17) with RigidFix cross pins fixation in the femoral tunnel and Interference screw fixation in the tibial tunnel. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee form 2000 (IKDC2000) score, Lysholm knee scoring scale, Tegner activity score and the side‐to‐side difference were compared at 2 and 5 years postoperatively. The graft diameter, number of strands in graft and the average diameter of each strand were also compared between the two groups. The categorical parameters were analyzed by chi‐square test and the continuous variables conforming to a normal distribution were analyzed by Student's t‐test.ResultsAt 2 years postoperation, the VAS score (1.61 ± 0.55), side‐to‐side difference (1.50 ± 0.58) in group A were significantly lower than that in group B, and the IKDC2000 score (88.81 ± 3.88), Tegner activity score (6.14 ± 0.60) in group A were significantly higher than that in group B. At 5 years postoperation, the VAS score (1.64 ± 0.68), side‐to‐side difference (1.73 ± 0.63) in group A were significantly lower than that in group B, and the IKDC2000 score (89.09 ± 3.85), Tegner activity score (6.58 ± 0.94) in group A were slso significantly higher than that in group B. There was statistical difference in the change of the side‐to‐side difference between the two groups (group A vs. B, 0.22 ± 0.08 vs. 0.34 ± 0.11, p < 0.001). There were also statistical differences in the graft diameter (group A vs. B, 7.83 ± 0.74 vs. 7.41 ± 0.51, p = 0,038), number of strands in graft (5.67 ± 0.72 vs. 4.00 ± 0.00, p < 0.001) and the average diameter of each strand (1.41 ± 0.22 vs. 1.85 ± 0.13, p < 0.001) between the two groups.ConclusionRigidFix cross pins fixation in the tibial tunnel for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction can achieve better 5‐year results when compared with the interference screw, and the hamstring tendon can be folded into a thicker graft when RigidFix cross pins were applied in both femoral and tibial tunnels.
Fusarium pseudograminearum infected wheat lines vary in disease severity and gas exchange response under different watering regimes
Authors: Abdulsada Rian R. , Thompson Michael , Peitton Lucas , Kelly Alison , Percy Cassandra D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCrown rot (CR; Fusarium pseudograminearum) is a serious disease in winter cereals. Soil type, temperature, nutrients, water availability and stubble‐borne inoculum levels play major roles in determining disease severity. This paper reports the impact of two different watering regimes on the disease severity and gas exchange of F. pseudograminearum infected bread wheat for the first time. Fusarium pseudograminearum inoculated and noninoculated genotypes with different susceptibility to CR were watered to either field capacity or a reduced watering regime in three controlled environment experiments. Rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration and transpiration rate were measured using a portable photosynthesis system, together with disease severity of leaf sheaths at 28 days after planting. Significant differences in disease severity were reported between watering treatments with reduction in CR symptoms in the partially resistant genotypes in the reduced water treatment. Photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were significantly decreased across most genotypes when inoculated with F. pseudograminearum. Differences in gas exchange between inoculum treatments were more evident in plants watered to field capacity. Water availability has been reported to be one of the crucial factors for initiating F. pseudograminearum infection and subsequent development of CR disease. This research demonstrates significant variation in genotype‐related responses to the complex interactions of F. pseudograminearum infection and water treatment, with a negative impact of both limited soil water availability and CR disease severity on plant gas exchange in bread wheat.
Evaluation of Cooling Requirements for Rotating Detonation Combustors
Authors: Sandri Umberto , Sridhara Shreyas Ramanagar , Andreini Antonio , Bohon Myles D. , Picchi A. , Facchini B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the last decade, the rotating detonation combustor (RDC) has received growing attention among the different pressure gain combustion concepts due to the simplicity of the design and the potential ease of integration in gas turbines. However, multiple technological challenges are still associated with its development. Researchers have pointed out concerns related to the heat loads determined by the high temperature and the complex flow field occurring in this kind of combustion chamber based on a small but meaningful set of experimental and numerical results. An investigation of the open literature has shown a strong sensitivity of the heat loads with multiple designs and operational parameters. The aim of this work is to provide a fundamental review of the primary drivers affecting heat load in a typical RDC in order to define basic cooling requirements for possible actual design of the combustor. Along with this, a simplified approach has been implemented for the estimation of the requirements for cold side convection cooling with respect to different heat load scenarios, shedding light on the compatibility of pure convection cooling for rotating detonation combustors. Finally, the results are used to determine guidelines for the design of a cooled and efficient RDC.
Evolutionary deletions within the SARS-CoV-2 genome as signature trends for virus fitness and adaptation
Authors: Jeronimo Pedro Miguel Carneiro , Aksenen Cleber Furtado , Duarte Igor Oliveira , Lins Roberto D. , Miyajima Fabio 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Coronaviruses are large RNA viruses that can infect and spread among humans and animals. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for coronavirus disease 2019, has evolved since its first detection in December 2019. Deletions are a common occurrence in SARS-CoV-2 evolution, particularly in specific genomic sites, and may be associated with the emergence of highly competent lineages. While deletions typically have a negative impact on viral fitness, some persist and become fixed in viral populations, indicating that they may confer advantageous benefits for the virus’s adaptive evolution. This work presents a literature review and data analysis on structural losses in the SARS-CoV-2 genome and the potential relevance of specific signatures for enhanced viral fitness and spread.
UTDRM: unsupervised method for training debunked-narrative retrieval models
Authors: Singh Iknoor , Scarton Carolina , Bontcheva Kalina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA key task in the fact-checking workflow is to establish whether the claim under investigation has already been debunked or fact-checked before. This is essentially a retrieval task where a misinformation claim is used as a query to retrieve from a corpus of debunks. Prior debunk retrieval methods have typically been trained on annotated pairs of misinformation claims and debunks. The novelty of this paper is an Unsupervised Method for Training Debunked-Narrative Retrieval Models () in a zero-shot setting, eliminating the need for human-annotated pairs. This approach leverages fact-checking articles for the generation of synthetic claims and employs a neural retrieval model for training. Our experiments show that tends to match or exceed the performance of state-of-the-art methods on seven datasets, which demonstrates its effectiveness and broad applicability. The paper also analyses the impact of various factors on ’s performance, such as the quantity of fact-checking articles utilised, the number of synthetically generated claims employed, the proposed entity inoculation method, and the usage of large language models for retrieval.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Kim Jeong Hye , Jung Mi Kyoung 
Published: December 2023

Introduction Oxaliplatin is an anticancer drug used primarily for cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, and oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reaction is a rare but serious side effect. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods This retrospective study included 280 patients who developed oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions and 476 patients who did not. Results Logistic regression analysis indicated that a history of allergy (odds ratio (OR) = 2.232, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.209, 4.119), P = .010), previous oxaliplatin exposure (OR = 8.081, 95% CI (3.024, 21.593), P < .001), and chemotherapy regimen (OR = 2.148, 95% CI (1.411, 3.271), P < .001) were risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions. These reactions averaged 7.29 ± 2.78 (median 7, 1–16) cycles, with a mean cumulative dose of 589.53 ± 274.43 mg. Grade 2 oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions were the most common, occurring in 197 patients (70.4%), followed by grade 3 reactions in 68 patients (24.3%), and grade 4 reactions in 9 patients (3.2%). The most common symptom of oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions was itching (211 patients, 75.4%), followed by facial flushing (133 patients, 47.5%), and chest discomfort (77 patients, 27.5%). Conclusions We identified a history of allergy to previous oxaliplatin exposure and chemotherapy regimens as risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions. Healthcare providers should be aware of the risk factors for oxaliplatin hypersensitivity reactions and carefully monitor patients receiving oxaliplatin.