bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the accuracy of 9 intraocular lens power calculation formulas after SMILE in Chinese myopic eyes
Authors: Li Liangpin , Yuan Liyun , Yang Kun , Wu Yanan , Alafati Simayilijiang , Hua Xia , Wang Yan , Yuan Xiaoyong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs of 2021, over 2.8 million small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) procedures have been performed in China. However, knowledge regarding the selection of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formula for post-SMILE cataract patients remains limited. This study included 52 eyes of 26 myopic patients from northern China who underwent SMILE at Tianjin Eye Hospital from September 2022 to February 2023 to investigate the suitability of multiple IOL calculation formulas in post-SMILE patients using a theoretical surgical model. We compared the postoperative results obtained from three artificial intelligence (AI)-based formulas and six conventional formulas provided by the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ASCRS). These formulas were applied to calculate IOL power using both total keratometry (TK) and keratometry (K) values, and the results were compared to the preoperative results obtained from the Barrett Universal II (BUII) formula for the SMILE patients. Among the evaluated formulas, the results obtained from the Emmetropia Verifying Optical 2.0 Formula with TK (EVO-TK) (0.40 ± 0.29 D, range 0–1.23 D), Barrett True K with K formula (BTK-K, 0.41 ± 0.26 D, range 0.01–1.19 D), and Masket with K formula (Masket-K, 0.44 ± 0.33 D, range 0.02–1.39 D) demonstrated the closest proximity to BUII. Notably, the highest proportion of prediction errors within 0.5 D was observed with the BTK-K (71.15%), EVO-TK (69.23%), and Masket-K (67.31%), with the BTK-K showing a significantly higher proportion than the Masket-K (p < 0.001). Our research indicates that in post-SMILE patients, the EVO-TK, BTK-K, and Masket-K may yield more accurate calculation results. At their current stage in development, AI-based formulas do not demonstrate significant advantages over conventional formulas. However, the application of historical data can enhance the performance of these formulas.
Comparison of measurements made on dry bone and digital measurements in Anatomage for the sacral bone in a Spanish population
Authors: Gaya-Sancho B. , Sanjuan-Sánchez D. , Ráfales-Perucha A. , Zaurín-Paniagua L. , Sáez-Gutiérrez B. , Galarreta-Aperte S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe use of osteometry for human identification is a key element in the field of forensic sciences. Currently, the osteometry focuses on the use of digital techniques such as photography or 3D scans, to study and measure bones, offering advantages like easy access, preservation of bones, and worldwide collaboration possibilities. The study aims to analyze whether digital tools such as Anatomage can be used to collect reliable data. The study compares measurements of the sacral bone from 41 individuals from Orgiva Collection using both traditional and digital methods. The variables analyzed were described previously, including landmarks and positions, and were coded by differentiating the measurements between dry bone (caliper) and digital measurement (Anatomage). Results indicate minimal differences between digital and dry bone measurements, with only one variable showing a significant differences in the effect size analysis (d > 0.80). The TEM analysis showed four variables as non-acceptable (rTEM > 1.5), possibly due to the landmark location or the experience using the tool to locate landmarks. Digital resources are valuable for morphometric evaluations and human identification within forensic sciences. However, caution is necessary to ensure accurate landmark localization and validate these tools across various bone types and larger sample sizes.
Analysis of Hyperphagia Questionnaire for Clinical Trials (HQ-CT) scores in typically developing individuals and those with Prader-Willi syndrome
Authors: Matesevac Lisa , Vrana-Diaz Caroline J. , Bohonowych Jessica E. , Schwartz Lauren , Strong Theresa V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Hyperphagia Questionnaire for Clinical Trials (HQ-CT) is an observer-reported outcome measure that has been widely used in interventional studies to assess changes in hyperphagic behaviors in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). However, HQ-CT scores in the wider PWS population and the general population have not been reported. Here we report HQ-CT scores from more than 400 individuals with PWS and 600 typical individuals, aged 5–26. Overall, HQ-CT scores were significantly higher in those with PWS compared to typically developing individuals at all ages evaluated. In addition, while HQ-CT scores in the typically developing population decreased with age, scores increased with age in PWS. To further understand the variability of HQ-CT scores in the PWS population, semi-structured interviews were conducted with caregivers of a small subset of adults with PWS who had unexpectedly low HQ-CT scores. These caregivers reported that strict adherence to a food routine, food security measures and supervised food preparation reduced the frequency and intensity of hyperphagic behaviors measured by HQ-CT. Thus, hyperphagic behaviors are captured by the HQ-CT for most individuals with PWS, but for some individuals residing in settings with highly structured food routines, HQ-CT scores may not fully reflect the extent of PWS-associated hyperphagia.
Prognostic value of the fibrinogen albumin ratio index (FARI) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy
Authors: Deng Chao , Zhang Sujuan , Ling Jie , Chen Zui , Feng Yuhua , Xie Yangchun , Liu Xianling , Hu Chunhong , Hou Tao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is mounting evidence that malnutrition and systemic inflammation status are involved in the prognosis of various cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the pretreatment fibrinogen-albumin ratio index (FARI) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients receiving definite radiotherapy. NPC patients who received definite radiotherapy between January 2013 and December 2019 were included. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff value. The clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were compared via the Chi-square test. Survival curves were analyzed by the Kaplan‒Meier method. The prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses via Cox hazards regression analysis. A total of 225 patients were enrolled, and the median follow-up time was 48.5 months. High FARI was correlated with worse ECOG score (p = 0.003), higher EBV-DNA titer (p = 0.047), and more advanced clinical stage (p < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, FARI independently predicted OS (HR 2.399, 95% CI 1.294–4.450, P < 0.001), PFS (HR 2.085, 95% CI 1.200–3.625, P = 0.009), and DMFS (HR 2.527, 95% CI 1.288–4.958, P < 0.001). The current findings suggest that a high pretreatment FARI is an independent predictor of OS, PFS and DMFS in NPC patients undergoing definite radiotherapy.
Association between dietary insulin index and load with brain derived neurotrophic factor, adropin and metabolic health status in Iranian adults
Authors: Nematbakhsh Roxana , Hajhashemy Zahra , Lotfi Keyhan , Shahdadian Farnaz , Rouhani Parisa , Saneei Parvane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe associations of high potential insulinogenic foods with metabolic health (MH) status and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and adropin were not investigated quite enough. We examined the relationship between dietary insulin load (DIL) and dietary insulin index (DII) with MH and serum levels of BDNF and adropin among Iranian adults. This cross-sectional investigation accomplished among 527 Iranian middle-aged adults (54.3% men). Dietary information was obtained by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric indices and blood pressure were assessed. For measuring lipid and glycemic profile and serum levels of BDNF and adropin, blood samples were assembled after 12 h of fasting. MH was defined based on lipid and glycemic profile, high blood pressure, insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. After adjustments all confounders, participants in the highest tertile of DII compared to the lowest one had a 115% increased odds for metabolic unhealthy (MU) profile (ORT3 vs. T1 = 2.15, 95% CI 1.03–4.49). However, DIL was not related to MU. Higher DII was additionally associated with high blood pressure, in maximally-adjusted model (ORT3 vs. T1 = 3.57, 95% CI 1.61–7.92). Moreover, moderate DIL was significantly associated with hypertriglyceridemia (ORT2 vs. T1 = 2.56, 95% CI 1.01–6.45). Each tertile increase in DII or DIL was not significantly associated with serum BDNF or adropin values. Greater DII was associated with higher chance of MU and hypertension in Iranian adults; but no association was found between DIL and metabolic health. DIL or DII was not related to circulating BDNF or adropin. To confirm these findings, additional prospective investigations are required.
Real-time machine learning model to predict in-hospital cardiac arrest using heart rate variability in ICU
Authors: Lee Hyeonhoon , Yang Hyun-Lim , Ryu Ho Geol , Jung Chul-Woo , Cho Youn Joung , Yoon Soo Bin , Yoon Hyun-Kyu , Lee Hyung-Chul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPredicting in-hospital cardiac arrest in patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) allows prompt interventions to improve patient outcomes. We developed and validated a machine learning-based real-time model for in-hospital cardiac arrest predictions using electrocardiogram (ECG)-based heart rate variability (HRV) measures. The HRV measures, including time/frequency domains and nonlinear measures, were calculated from 5 min epochs of ECG signals from ICU patients. A light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) algorithm was used to develop the proposed model for predicting in-hospital cardiac arrest within 0.5–24 h. The LGBM model using 33 HRV measures achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.881 (95% CI: 0.875–0.887) and an area under the precision-recall curve of 0.104 (95% CI: 0.093–0.116). The most important feature was the baseline width of the triangular interpolation of the RR interval histogram. As our model uses only ECG data, it can be easily applied in clinical practice.
Fermentation technology as a driver of human brain expansion
Authors: Bryant Katherine L. , Hansen Christi , Hecht Erin E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBrain tissue is metabolically expensive. Consequently, the evolution of humans’ large brains must have occurred via concomitant shifts in energy expenditure and intake. Proposed mechanisms include dietary shifts such as cooking. Importantly, though, any new food source must have been exploitable by hominids with brains a third the size of modern humans’. Here, we propose the initial metabolic trigger of hominid brain expansion was the consumption of externally fermented foods. We define “external fermentation” as occurring outside the body, as opposed to the internal fermentation in the gut. External fermentation could increase the bioavailability of macro- and micronutrients while reducing digestive energy expenditure and is supported by the relative reduction of the human colon. We discuss the explanatory power of our hypothesis and survey external fermentation practices across human cultures to demonstrate its viability across a range of environments and food sources. We close with suggestions for empirical tests.
Perceived feasibility and potential barriers of a net-zero system transition among Japanese experts
Authors: Ju Yiyi , Sugiyama Masahiro , Shiraki Hiroto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMany governments and non-state actors have pledged to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions, raising questions about the feasibility of these decarbonization goals. The existing literature, however, mostly relied on technoeconomic assessments and lack broad contextual considerations such as national conditions and local sociocultural characteristics. Here, we present a framework for assessing perceived feasibility and multi-dimensional barriers for net-zero transition that can complement existing methods of technoeconomic traditions. We applied this framework to the Japanese net-zero goal by surveying more than 100 experts from diverse fields with a shared national context. Most of the experts supported the desirability of the net-zero goal and chose a probability of 33–66% for its feasibility. However, the distribution of feasibility assessments differs between groups of integrated assessment modelers and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change authors and other researchers, suggesting opportunities for further exploration within and between communities. Identified barriers reflect a unique national condition of Japan and include the limitations of national strategies and clean energy supply. The present framework can be extended to non-experts, data-scarce geographies and sectors.
Peak‐valley period partition and abnormal time correction for time‐of‐use tariffs under daily load curves based on improved fuzzy c‐means
Authors: Wang Peng , Ma Yiwei , Ling Zhiqi , Luo Genhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPeak‐valley period partition of load curve is a key aspect of time‐of‐use (ToU) tariff to improve power load characteristics, such as shifting peak loads towards valley time periods. Fuzzy clustering algorithm is an effective and popular method commonly used to solve the peak‐valley period partition of load curves, but it still encounters the difficulty of dividing some data within the boundary regions of different time periods. Therefore, this paper presents a peak‐valley period partition and abnormal time correction scheme for ToU tariffs under typical daily load curves based on improved fuzzy C‐means (FCM) clustering algorithm. In order to improve the accuracy of peak‐valley period partition, modified fuzzy membership functions are proposed to improve the initialization of FCM clustering, and a loss function‐based method is presented for calculating the fuzzy parameters of those membership functions. To resolve the problem of abnormal time partitioning within the boundaries of different time periods, an abnormal time period recognition model and a correction model based on fuzzy subsethood are proposed to obtain the final corrected peak‐valley time period partitioning results. On the MATLAB R2020b platform, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through two real daily load curves with a time resolution of 5 min.
Low complexity resource allocation scheme for IRS‐assisted downlink non‐orthogonal multiple access systems
Authors: Ming Ren , Rong Zhang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA low complexity resource allocation method is proposed for downlink non‐orthogonal multiple access system assisted by intelligent reflecting surface (IRS). Firstly, an optimisation problem is formulated to minimise power consumption, with power allocation and IRS phase shifts as variables. Then, the joint optimisation problem of power allocation and IRS phase shifts is transformed into the optimisation of IRS phase shifts, which is further decomposed into multiple single variable sub‐problems, the solutions to which can be obtained by using the function extremum method. Next, based on these sub‐problems, one‐level iterative algorithm is developed to optimise IRS phase shifts. Finally, the minimum power required by each user is calculated based on the IRS phase shifts obtained through iteration. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is better than the existing schemes in the same scenario under the same rate requirement in terms of computational complexity and power consumption.
Methodical Optimization of Mutual-Shielding Directional Gamma Detector
Authors: Eran Vax , Nadav Ben David , Yossi Salomon , Yakir Knafo , Shay Dadon , Adrian Stern , Ehud Behar , Alon Osovizky 
Published: November 2023

Mutual-Shielding Directional Gamma Detector excels at sensitivity and can achieve good angular accuracy and a large field of view. In this paper, we present, in detail, a method to optimize a mutual shielding directional detector array regarding the scintillators positioning for a given number and size of detection units. The optimization goals are improvement of accuracy and sensitivity.The optimization uses two types of fast, non-Monte-Carlo simulations since the simulation needs to generate measurements from all directions for each array formation tested. Both these simulations are explained and demonstrated.The presented method uses the ambiguity function to assess the accuracy and identify directions that may generate errors due to similar responses from other directions. Then, addressing these problematic directions can be fixed by changing the scintillators’ positions or adding a partial shield to change the response at one of the similar directions.
The Effect of Electroconvulsive Therapy on Specific Catatonia
Symptoms and Predictors of Late Response
Authors: Bracht Tobias , Walther Sebastian , Breit Sigrid , Meyer Agnes , Schmitt Wolfgang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is known to be effective in
the treatment of catatonia, reaching response rates of about 80 to 100%.
It is indicated in cases of treatment resistance to benzodiazepines and in
life-threatening conditions such as malignant catatonia. Beneficial effects on
specific symptoms or predictors of response are less clear. The objective of
this retrospective study is to examine the ECT effect on specific catatonia
symptoms in the acute phase of the illness and to identify predictors of
response.
Methods A retrospective study examined data from 20 patients with
catatonia, 18 associated with schizophrenia and 2 with bipolar disorder, who
underwent ECT from 2008 to 2021. Ten subjects had more than one ECT-series,
resulting in a total of 31 ECT-series. Catatonia symptom severity was assessed
with the Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS).
Results ECT yielded excellent response. Nineteen of 20 patients and 30 of
31 ECT-series achieved response. The mean number of ECT sessions to response was
4.2. Response to ECT was more pronounced for motor inhibition symptoms such as
stupor and mutism, while echophenomena, dyskinesia, stereotypy and perseveration
responded less well. A predictor of late response was the presence of grasp
reflex.
Discussion The present study corroborates the high and rapid effectiveness
of ECT in the treatment of catatonia. Focus on single catatonia signs may help
to identify those who are most likely to achieve remission quickly, as well as
those who might need longer ECT-series.
Einfluss der Corona-Pandemie auf kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren – Daten von 1775 Teilnehmern der ELITE Studie vor und während der Corona Pandemie
Authors: Berges Paulina , Schrader Bastian , Vaske Bernhard , Bohling Annabelle , Lüders Stephan , Elsässer Albrecht , Schrader Joachim 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die COVID-19-Pandemie und deren Maßnahmen haben zu einem Defizit der medizinischen Versorgung und zu Änderungen in der Lebensführung der Menschen geführt, was in der Konsequenz auch die kardio- und zerebrovaskuläre Primär- und Sekundärprävention verändert hat. Die vorhandenen Daten beruhen im Wesentlichen auf Umfragen. Neben der Problematik der Korrektheit von Selbsteinschätzungen können die Pandemie per se und die massive öffentliche Berichterstattung die Daten verzerrt haben.Nur wenige Publikationen haben vor der Pandemie erhobene Daten mit den Ergebnissen im Verlauf der Pandemie verglichen. In der ELITE-Studie werden seit Jahren bei über 5000 Teilnehmern regelmäßige Kontrollen von Risikofaktoren (RF) und psychosozialen Parametern (Stress, Depressionen, Wohlbefinden, Ernährung, Hirnleistung, Bewegung) vorgenommen. Aus dieser Studie wurden die Daten von 1775 Personen ausgewertet, die vor Beginn und erneut während der Pandemie (06.05.2020–25.01.2022) erhoben wurden. Damit waren die Ausgangswerte unbeeinflusst von der Pandemie.
Ergebnisse Erwartungsgemäß fanden sich sowohl Verbesserungen als auch Verschlechterungen der erhobenen Parameter. Blutdruck und depressive Symptome verschlechterten sich signifikant häufiger, wobei Frauen häufiger betroffen waren. Auch das Gewicht und die Stressbelastung stiegen häufiger an, als dass sie sich verbesserten. Nur die körperliche Aktivität zeigte eine geringgradige Zunahme. 24,1 % wiesen ausschließlich Verschlechterungen und keine Verbesserungen dieser Parameter auf. Demgegenüber zeigten 19,6 % ausschließlich Verbesserungen. In der Gruppe mit ausschließlich Verschlechterungen fand sich ein signifikanter Anstieg von Personen mit den Risikofaktoren (RF) Hypertonie, Adipositas, erhöhtes LDL-Cholesterin, Nikotin und Diabetes mellitus. Dies führte zu einer Zunahme von Personen mit 2 und mehr RF. Dagegen reduzierte sich die Zahl von Personen mit 2 und mehr RF in der Gruppe, die nur Verbesserungen aufwies. Auffällig war, dass sich Personen mit Risikofaktoren häufiger verbesserten.
Folgerung Bei einem nicht unerheblichen Teil der Bevölkerung kam es in der Pandemie zu deutlichen Verschlechterungen der RF. Dies betraf besonders den Blutdruck und depressive Symptome – und dabei häufiger Frauen.
Unilateral Absent Pulmonary Artery in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kucirka Lauren M. , Desai Shivani , LeVarge Barbara , Conklin Jamie L. , Leong M Elisabeth , Quist-Nelson Johanna 
Published: November 2023

Objective Unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery (UAPA) is a rare congenital malformation associated with hemoptysis, pulmonary hypertension, and infection. Little is known about the impact on pregnancy outcomes. We sought to synthesize the existing literature on pregnancy outcomes in patients with maternal UAPA.
Study Design We report a case of maternal UAPA and performed a systematic review of the existing literature. Articles in English reporting pregnancy outcomes among women with unilateral absence or hypoplasia of the pulmonary artery were included. Articles were reviewed at the abstract level and, if eligible, at the full-text level by two independent reviewers with disagreements adjudicated by a third reviewer. Data were abstracted by two independent reviewers. Outcomes of interest were mode of delivery, gestational age at delivery, intensive care admission, maternal death, and length of stay. Summary statistics for each outcome are presented.
Results We identified 14 studies, including the presented case, reporting outcomes in 22 pregnancies impacted by maternal UAPA. Median age at diagnosis was 21 years. Concurrent cardiac comorbidities were reported in 6/13 (46.2%) with pulmonary hypertension in 5/20 (25%) of cases where this information was reported. We observed high rates of preterm birth (4/12, 33.3%), cesarean delivery (10/15, 66.7%), and operative vaginal delivery (2/5, 40.0%). There was one maternal death occurring in the immediate postpartum period for a mortality rate of 4.5%.
Conclusion Our study provides a comprehensive review of existing literature on maternal UAPA. Our findings suggest increased rates of adverse outcomes and underscore the importance of early diagnosis, identification of pulmonary hypertension, and multidisciplinary care.
Key Points