bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fixed point theory for generalized contractive maps of Meir–Keeler type
Authors: Agarwal Ravi P. , O'Regan Donal , Shahzad Naseer 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFixed point, domain invariance and coincidence results are presented for single‐valued generalized contractive maps of Meir–Keeler type defined on complete metric spaces (or more generally complete gauge spaces). The maps of Caristi type are also considered. In addition the random analogue of some of these fixed point results will be presented. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characteristic exponents of semialgebraic singularities
Authors: Birbrair Lev , Cano Felipe 
Published: October 2004

AbstractLet X be a semialgebraic (or algebraic) set and let x0 ∈ X be a singular point. There are some topological cycles of different dimensions contained in a small neighbourhood of x0 in X. All these cycles vanish in x0. The paper is devoted to “vanishing rates” of these cycles, which we call “characteristic exponents”. We prove that the characteristic exponents are invariant under bi‐Lipschitz transformations. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Coefficients with unbounded derivatives in hyperbolic equations
Authors: Cicognani Massimo 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe are concerned with the problem of determining the sharp regularity of the coefficients with respect to the time variable t in order to have a well‐posed Cauchy problem in H∞ or in Gevrey classes for linear or quasilinear hyperbolic operators of higher order. We use and mix two different scales of regularity of global and local type: the modulus of Hölder continuity and/or the behaviour with respect to |t − t1|−q, q ≥ 1, of the first derivative as t tends to a point t1. Both are ways to weaken the Lipschitz regularity. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fourier type 2 operators with respect to locally compact abelian groups
Authors: Hinrichs Aicke , Piotrowski Mariusz 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA linear and bounded operator T between Banach spaces X and Y has Fourier type 2 with respect to a locally compact abelian group G if there exists a constant c > 0 such that∥T$\hat f$∥2 ≤ c∥f∥2 holds for all X‐valued functions f ∈ LX2(G) where $\hat f$ is the Fourier transform of f. We show that any Fourier type 2 operator with respect to the classical groups has Fourier type 2 with respect to any locally compact abelian group. This generalizes previous special results for the Cantor group and for closed subgroups of ℝn. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bilinear estimates in homogeneous Triebel‐Lizorkin spaces and the Navier‐Stokes equations
Authors: Kozono Hideo , Shimada Yukihiro 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe shall show that every strong solution u(t) of the Navier‐Stokes equations on (0, T) can be continued beyond t > T provided u ∈ $L^{{{2} \over {1 - \alpha}}}$ (0, T; $\dot F^{- \alpha}_{\infty ,\infty}$ for 0 < α < 1, where $\dot F^{s}_{p,q}$ denotes the homogeneous Triebel‐Lizorkin space. As a byproduct of our continuation theorem, we shall generalize a well‐known criterion due to Serrin on regularity of weak solutions. Such a bilinear estimate $\dot F^{- \alpha}_{p_1 , q_1} \cap \dot F^{s + \alpha}_{p_2 , q_2} \subset \dot F^{s}_{p, q}$, 1/p = 1/p1 + 1/p2, 1/q = 1/q1 + 1/q2 as the Hölder type inequality plays an important role for our results. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
CBMO estimates for commutators and multilinear singular integrals
Authors: Lu Shanzhen , Wu Qiang 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn this paper, the authors establish the CBMO estimates for the commutators and multilinear singular integrals with rough kernels. Their endpoint estimates are also disposed. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Unboundedness of the large solutions of some asymmetric oscillators at resonance
Authors: Yang Xiaojing 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the unboundedness of solutions of the following differential equation(φp(x′))′ + (p − 1)[αφp(x+) − βφp(x−)] = f(x)x′ + g(x) + h(x) + e(t)where φp(u) = |u|p− 2 u, p > 1, x± = max {±x, 0}, α and β are positive constants satisfying $\alpha ^{-{{1} \over {p}}} + \beta ^{-{{1} \over {p}}} = {{2m} \over {n}}$ with m, n ∈ N and (m, n) = 1, f and g are continuous and bounded functions such that limx→±∞g(x) ≕ g(±∞) exists and h has a sublinear primitive, e(t) is 2πp‐periodic and continuous. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Development of an epitope‐specific analytical tool for the major peanut allergen Ara h 2 using a high‐density multiple‐antigenic peptide strategy
Authors: Gruber Patrick , Suhr Martin , Frey Andreas , Becker Wolf‐Meinhard , Hofmann Thomas 
Published: October 2004

AbstractUsing the major peanut allergen Ara h 2 as an example, an analytical tool enabling the determination of immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐epitopes in processed food allergens was developed. We synthesized a multiple‐antigenic peptide (MAP) of the IgE‐reactive linear epitope 3 (amino acid positions 27–36) of Ara h 2 and raised a monospecific antiserum against this epitope to obtain a positive control for future epitope resolved diagnostics. First, a MAP of epitope 3, having a molecular mass of 7770 Da, was synthesized, purified, and its structure confirmed by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (electrospray ionization) (LC‐MS(ESI)), matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight (MALDI‐TOF), and Edman sequencing. The MAP was then used to raise high titer antibodies in rabbits using the adjuvant TitermaxTM and to characterize the specificity of IgE from allergenic patients sensitized to Ara h 2. The antiserum exclusively detects Ara h 2 in crude peanut extract with a titer of 107 by Western blot and reacts specifically with epitope 3 shown by epitope mapping for a library of solid‐phase‐bound synthetic 15‐mer peptides covering the entire sequence of Ara h 2. Such IgE‐reactive epitopes are of high analytical relevance as they could constitute the basis for epitope‐specific detection systems for use in quality control in the food industry or for forensic purposes in cases of fatal reactions to otherwise undetected peanut proteins.
The tautomerism of 1H‐pyrazole‐3(5)‐(N‐tert‐butyl)carboxamide in the solid state and in solution
Authors: Claramunt Rosa M. , García M. Ángeles , López Concepción , Trofimenko Swiatoslaw , Yap Glenn P. A. , Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe X‐ray crystal structure of 1H‐pyrazole‐3‐(N‐tert‐butyl)‐carboxamide was determined. In the solid state, the 13C and 15N CP/MAS NMR spectra correspond to this tautomer. In solution, both tautomers are present in a ratio that depends on the temperature (at 293 K, 90% 3‐substituted/10% 5‐substituted). Some unusual 1H, 1H couplings involving the NH proton were observed. DFT (GIAO) calculations were carried out. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Removal of dyes from water by conducting polymeric adsorbent
Authors: Chowdhury A.‐N. , Jesmeen S. R. , Hossain M. M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractChemically synthesized conducting polyaniline (PANI) was investigated as adsorbent for its possible application in the removal of organic dyes, such as methylene blue (MB) and procion red (PR) from their aqueous solution. PANI adsorbent behaves as a charged surface upon post‐synthesis treatment of the polymer with acid and base. The adsorbent thus treated shows a high selectivity for the removal of dyes in the adsorption process. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was used to represent the experimental adsorption data. The cationic dye, MB can be preferentially removed by the base‐treated PANI while the anionic dye, PR is predominately removed by the acid‐treated one. These observations were further evidenced from the measurements of molar conductance and pH of the dye solutions employed for adsorption. The finding can be explained considering the electrostatic nature of adsorption coupled with the morphology of the PANI surface thus treated. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The candidate oncogene ZNF217 is frequently amplified in colon cancer
Authors: Rooney Patrick H , Boonsong Attasit , McFadyen Morag CE , McLeod Howard L , Cassidy James , Curran Stephanie , Murray Graeme I 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn this study we have defined the changes in gene copy number of the candidate oncogene ZNF217 during colon cancer development and progression. This gene is mapped to chromosome 20q and lies within 20q13.2, a region which we have previously shown to be highly amplified in colorectal cancer by comparative genomic hybridization. The gene copy number of ZNF217 was assessed in 100 colon carcinomas (19 Dukes' A, 42 Dukes' B and 39 Dukes' C), 13 colonic adenomas and 10 normal colon samples. DNA extracted from laser microdissected cells was amplified by multiplex real‐time PCR at two distinct gene loci—ZNF217 and β‐globin (control gene)—on an ABI7700 sequence detection system. Of the 100 colon cancers studied, 61 showed some level of amplification of ZNF217, 15 had loss of ZNF217, while 24 were diploid. All the adenomas except one were diploid. In this study we have found that ZNF217 amplification is a frequent event in colon cancer and that the extent of its amplification varies markedly between tumours (range 3–13 copies). There was a trend toward poorer survival in patients whose cancers had either gain or loss of ZNF217. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The prion protein in human neuromuscular diseases
Authors: Kovács Gábor G , Kalev Ognian , Gelpi Ellen , Haberler Christine , Wanschitz Julia , Strohschneider Michaela , Molnár Mária J , László Lajos , Budka Herbert 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe basis of human prion diseases affecting the nervous system is accumulation of a disease‐associated conformer (PrPSc) of the normal cellular prion protein (PrPC). Earlier studies demonstrated increased expression of PrPC in inclusion body myositis (IBM), dermato‐, and polymyositis, as well as neurogenic muscle atrophy. To define the spectrum and reliability of PrPC immunoreactivity, its expression was examined systematically in a series of pathologically characterized muscular disorders by means of immunohistochemistry, confocal laser microscopy, and immunogold electron microscopy. Anti‐PrPC immunolabelling of rimmed vacuoles was observed in IBM, inclusions of myofibrillary myopathy, targets, regenerating, and atrophic fibres, mononuclear cells, in addition to ragged red fibres in mitochondrial myopathies, and focal sarcolemmal immunostaining in non‐diseased controls. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that, in neurogenic muscle lesions, anti‐PrPC staining detects a significantly broader spectrum of fibres than anti‐vimentin or anti‐NCAM. In dystrophic muscle, PrPC expression was mainly restricted to regenerating fibres. In IBM, PrPC expression was not confined to rimmed vacuoles or vacuolated fibres and only a small percentage (7.1%) of rimmed vacuoles were PrPC positive. Ultrastructurally, PrPC was observed in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes, in the myofibrillar network of targets, and in rimmed vacuoles. Knowledge of disease circumstances with altered expression of PrPC is important in the setting of a potentially increased chance for extraneural PrPC–PrPSc conversion. In addition, our observations suggest that PrPC may have a general stress–response effect in various neuromuscular disorders. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular cytogenetic analysis of human spermatocytic seminomas
Authors: Verdorfer Irmgard , Rogatsch Hermann , Tzankov Alexandar , Steiner Hannes , Mikuz Gregor 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe performed comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) on 8 formalin‐fixed, paraffin wax‐embedded primary spermatocytic seminomas (SS) from 7 patients, one of whom developed metastatic disease. In general, this tumour type is not associated with development of metastases. Since there are only few reported cases of metastatic SS in the literature, this study is the first report of chromosomal constitution in a patient with metastatic disease. Chromosomal imbalances were observed in all 8 tumours analysed by CGH. Frequent copy number alterations were enh(9), dim(16 or 16p), enh(20) and enh(X), each in 6 samples, followed by dim(7) in 4, and enh(1), enh(18) and dim(15), each in 3 samples. In addition to the CGH analysis, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridisation (I‐FISH) was applied to evaluate the CGH results and to define the size of the aberrant cell population. Interphase cytogenetics showed gain of material on chromosomes 9 and X in all tumours analysed. Overall, the I‐FISH results were in agreement with the CGH data. In conclusion, gain of chromosome 9 seems to be restricted to SS and point to an important role for this aberration in the development of this tumour type. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Opposite effect of oxidative stress on inducible nitric oxide synthase and haem oxygenase‐1 expression in intestinal inflammation: anti‐inflammatory effect of carbon monoxide
Authors: Dijkstra Gerard , Blokzijl Hans , Bok Lisette , Homan Manon , van Goor Harry , Nico Faber Klaas , Jansen Peter LM , Moshage Han 
Published: October 2004

AbstractInducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) of patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and in IEC of endotoxaemic rats. The induction of iNOS in IEC is an element of the NF‐κB‐mediated survival pathway. Haem oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) is an AP‐1‐regulated gene that is induced by oxidative stress. The enzyme produces carbon monoxide (CO), which may attenuate the inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulation and interaction of iNOS and HO‐1 in response to inflammation and oxidative stress. Male Wistar rats were treated with the thiol‐modifying agent diethylmaleate (DEM) to induce oxidative stress and rendered endotoxaemic by LPS injection. Human colonic biopsies and the human colon carcinoma cell line DLD‐1 were treated with DEM and the lipid peroxidation end‐product 4‐hydroxynonenal to induce oxidative stress and exposed to cytokine mix (CM) to mimic inflammation. In some experiments, cells were incubated with 250–400 ppm CO prior to and during stimulation with CM. HO‐1 and iNOS expression was evaluated by RT‐PCR, western blotting, and immunohistology. NF‐κB activation was evaluated by EMSA. LPS induced iNOS but not HO‐1 in epithelial cells of the ileum and colon. Oxidative stress strongly induced HO‐1 in epithelial and inflammatory cells. Combined oxidative stress and endotoxaemia decreased iNOS expression but strongly induced HO‐1 expression. Similarly, CM induced iNOS but not HO‐1 in colonic biopsies and DLD‐1 cells. Oxidative stress prevented iNOS induction in an NF‐κB‐dependent manner but increased HO‐1 expression in CM‐exposed DLD‐1 cells. CO inhibited iNOS mRNA induction in CM‐stimulated DLD‐1 cells. These data demonstrate opposite regulation of iNOS and HO‐1 in intestinal epithelial cells in response to cytokine exposure and oxidative stress. These findings suggest that iNOS (NF‐κB driven) and HO‐1 (AP‐1 driven) represent mutually exclusive survival mechanisms in intestinal epithelial cells. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The tumour suppressor gene CEACAM1 is completely but reversibly downregulated in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Kammerer Robert , Riesenberg Rainer , Weiler Christoph , Lohrmann Jens , Schleypen Julia , Zimmermann Wolfgang 
Published: October 2004

AbstractCEACAM1 acts as a tumour suppressor in various epithelial tumours. On the other hand, de novo expression of CEACAM1 is strongly associated with reduced disease‐free survival of melanoma and non‐small cell lung carcinoma patients. Since effector functions of natural killer and T cells are inhibited by homophilic CEACAM1 interaction, immune escape could be responsible for the poor prognosis of these patients. Here, we describe CEACAM1 expression in normal kidney, renal adenomas and renal cell carcinomas (RCC) using a novel antibody generated by genetic immunization. In normal kidney, CEACAM1 was found in epithelial cells of proximal tubules and in endothelial cells. In contrast, tumour cells of 30 clear cell, three chromophobic, and two chromophilic RCCs were completely devoid of CEACAM1. Renal adenomas also lacked CEACAM1 expression. Similarly, RCC cell lines CaKi1, CaKi2, A498, and RCC26 exhibited no or low‐level CEACAM1 expression. However, CEACAM1 expression was transiently induced in A498 cells upon contact with allogeneic CD8+ T cells, mediated at least in part by interferon‐γ. Furthermore, the majority of tumour‐infiltrating T and NK cells expressed CEACAM1 upon stimulation. Thus, transient expression of the tumour suppressor CEACAM1 by tumour cells and subsequent homophilic interaction with CEACAM1 on tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes could represent a novel immune escape mechanism in RCC. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Type I collagen synthesis parallels the conversion of keratinocytic intraepidermal neoplasia to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: van Kempen Léon CLT , Rijntjes Jos , Claes An , Blokx Willeke AM , Gerritsen Marie‐Jeanne P , Ruiter Dirk J , van Muijen Goos NP 
Published: October 2004

AbstractNeoplastic progression of solid tumours is often characterized by a simultaneous increase in matrix protein (eg collagen) synthesis and degradation, and results in the formation of a tumour stroma. At the tumour periphery, this process is believed to facilitate angiogenesis and invasive growth of tumour cells. In various types of carcinoma, differentiation of fibroblasts towards myofibroblasts is thought to play an important role in extracellular matrix remodelling as their emergence coincides with architectural changes in the tumour stroma. Here, distinct architectural changes in collagen fibres are reported in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC) with respect to normal skin and precursor lesions, ie keratinocytic intraepidermal neoplasia (KIN). Simultaneously, type I collagen mRNA was observed in fibroblasts in close proximity to cSCC lesions (19/19) but only in 2 of 10 KIN lesions tested. Interestingly, whereas emerging of myofibroblasts correlated with reduced differentiation of cSCCs, it was not a prerequisite for type I collagen synthesis. These data indicate that type I collagen synthesis by fibroblasts parallels the malignant transformation of human KIN to cSCC. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early recruitment of phagocytes contributes to the vascular inflammation of giant cell arteritis
Authors: Foell Dirk , Hernández‐Rodríguez José , Sánchez Montse , Vogl Thomas , Cid Maria C , Roth Johannes 
Published: October 2004

AbstractVascular inflammation in giant cell arteritis is generally described as a process involving dendritic cells, T‐lymphocytes, and effector tissue macrophages. Less is known about the contribution of phagocytes that are recruited early, such as monocytes and neutrophils. These cells express and secrete pro‐inflammatory S100 proteins which directly activate endothelial cells. In this study the expression of S100A8/S100A9 and S100A12, pro‐inflammatory proteins specific for early recruited phagocytes, was studied in biopsies from 36 patients with giant cell arteritis. In addition, serum concentrations of these proteins were analysed in serum samples from 42 patients and 35 healthy controls. The S100A8/S100A9 complex was found to be abundant in the adventitia and media in affected arteries. Besides neutrophils, cells expressing these proteins belonged to a pro‐inflammatory subtype of CD68‐positive monocytes. In contrast, S100A12 expression was restricted to neutrophils that were found around the vasa vasorum within the adventitial layer. Both S100A8/S100A9 and S100A12 serum concentrations were significantly higher in patients with giant cell arteritis than in healthy controls. In conclusion, recently recruited phagocytes expressing pro‐inflammatory S100 proteins take part in the vascular inflammation of giant cell arteritis. They may play important roles at the vasa vasorum of affected vessels, which represent sites of entry for recruited inflammatory cells. These data indicate that phagocytes within the adventitia and media contribute to the process of inflammation via release of the pro‐inflammatory S100 proteins S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Successful engraftment following unrelated donor transplant in an alloimmunized patient with Kostmann syndrome
Authors: Myers Scott N. , Zeevi Adriana , Zorich G. Phil , Pillage Gina , Martel Joan , Goyal Rakesh K. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractSevere chronic neutropenia (SCN) is characterized by severe recurrent bacterial infections during infancy. Blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) is the only curative option for patients with refractory disease. This report describes the case of a 4‐year‐old girl with refractory SCN, who received a bone marrow transplant from a highly matched donor after becoming HLA sensitized to multiple granulocyte transfusions. She is clinically well with normal blood counts and stable mixed chimerism 3 years after BMT. She experienced no graft rejection or graft versus host disease. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and luminescence of yellow/orange‐emitting poly[tris(2,5‐dihexyloxy‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene)‐alt‐(1,3‐phenylenevinylene)]s
Authors: Liao Liang , Pang Yi , Ding Liming , Karasz Frank E. , Smith Philip R. , Meador Michael A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractSoluble yellow/orange‐emitting poly[tris(2,5‐dihexyloxy‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene)‐alt‐(1,3‐phenylenevinylene)] derivatives (6) were synthesized and characterized. These polymers contained oligo(p‐phenylene vinylene) chromophores of equal conjugation length, which were jointed via a commonm‐phenylene unit. An optical comparison of6and its model compound (8) at room temperature and low temperatures revealed the similarity in their absorption and fluorescence band structures. The vibronic band structure of6was assigned with the aid of the spectroscopic data for8at the low temperatures.6was electroluminescent and had an emission maximum wavelength at approximately 565 nm. With the device indium tin oxide/PEDOT/6/Ca configuration, the polymer exhibited an external quantum efficiency as high as 0.25%. Simple substitution onm‐phenylene of6raised the electroluminescence output by a factor of about 10. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5853–5862, 2004