bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune suppressive drugs negatively regulate the CD8+ T cells function by acetyltransferase p300 induced canonical and non-canonical autophagy
Authors: Ni Runfeng , Fan Liwei , Wang Haijin , Zhang Quan , Zhang Le , Yang Wuxia , Wang Aidi , Liu Baoshan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Macroautophagy is the mainly regulated form of autophagy that maintains the cellular homeostasis and degraded the transported cargoes. It is initiated by the protein kinase complex which initiation by receiving two signals pathway mTORC1-AMPK-ULK1 and ULK1-PI3K-PI3P. Currently, autolysosomes accumulate during in vitro CD8+ T cells aging and may participate in inducing death sensitization of senescent cells. Aplastic Anemia is a hyperimmune disease and mainly mechanism of AA is the T cells subsets imbalance such as CD8+ T cells abnormal activation and hyperfunction. Therefore, we focused on the role of autophagy in the CD8+ T cells and supposed whether some immunosuppress drugs induced the cells autophagic death to therapy the hyperimmune diseases. We found that the acetyltransferase p300 obviously increases in the AA patients and is related with the severity of illness. Previous studies have reported that canonical autophagy is regulated by the mTORC1-p300 axis. p300, which acetylation occurs on its substrates, is a critical bridge in the p300-VPS34 axis mediated non-canonical autophagy. We showed that there is autophagy deficiency and acetylation deficiency in the CD8+ T cells. We first researched the canonical autophagy in the CD8+ T cells, notably, the expression of p300 also decreased after the immunosuppressive drugs therapy. Our findings provide a framework for understanding how immunosuppressive drugs effect on the AA autophagy deficiency mechanism and we proved that CD8+ T cells was negatively regulated by immunosuppressive drugs by p300-mediated canonical autophagy pathway and non-canonical autophagy pathway.
Difference in impact of coinfections on antibiotic use in patients hospitalized with COVID- 19 between the Omicron-dominant period and the pre-Omicron period
Authors: Murakami Yasushi , Nozaki Yasuhiro , Morosawa Mika , Toyama Masanobu , Ogashiwa Hitoshi , Ueda Takashi , Nakajima Kazuhiko , Tanaka Ryoya , Takesue Yoshio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Excessive antibiotic use in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause an increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms. This study evaluated antibiotic stewardship during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
Antibiotic use in patients with COVID-19 was compared in a community hospital between 2022 when the Omicron variant was prevalent (n = 225) and 2021 when previous variants were prevalent (n = 257). Antibiotics were categorized as antibiotics predominantly used for community-acquired infections (CAIs) and antibiotics predominantly used for health care-associated infections (HAIs), and days of therapy per 100 bed days (DOT) was evaluated.
Results
Patients during the Omicron period were older and had more comorbidities. The rate of critically ill patients was around 10% in both periods. During the pre-Omicron period, > 90% of hospitalized patients were unvaccinated, whereas 41.8% of patients received a booster dose during the Omicron period. Ground-glass opacities, bilateral shadows, and a peripheral distribution on CT were observed in most patients in the pre-Omicron period and there were significant differences in comparison with the Omicron period. Although only 0.9% of patients had bacterial coinfection on admission in the pre-Omicron period, 38.9% of patients had the coinfection during the Omicron period and were less likely to receive COVID-19-directed therapy. Coinfection before /after admission was an independent risk factor for composite adverse events in both periods (odds ratio [OR] 3.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–12.59, and OR 9.15, 95% CI 3.85–21.74). DOT in antibiotics for CAIs were significantly fewer in the COVID-19 ward than in general wards in the pre-Omicron period but increased in the Omicron period (from 3.60 ± 3.15 to 17.83 ± 10.00). Numerically lower DOT of antibiotics for HAIs was demonstrated in the COVID-19 ward than in the general wards (pre-Omicron, 3.33 ± 6.09 versus 6.37 ± 1.10; Omicron, 3.84 ± 2.93 versus 5.22 ± 0.79). No MDR gram-negative organisms were isolated in the COVID-19 ward.
Conclusions
Antibiotic use on admission was limited in the pre-Omicron period but increased in the Omicron period because of a high coinfection rate on admission. Excessive use of antibiotics for HAIs was avoided during both periods.
Altered dynamic and static brain activity and functional connectivity in COVID-19 patients: a preliminary study
Authors: Han Mingxing , He Chunni , Li Tianping , Li Qinglong , Chu Tongpeng , Wang Peiyuan , Li Jun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease, but it also affects brain function. The use of resting-state functional MRI (rs_fMRI) technology to study COVID-19 patients has not been thoroughly explored. To investigate the effects of COVID-19 on brain functional activity and pave the way for a deeper understanding and future research.
Methods: fMRI scans were conducted on a cohort of 42 confirmed COVID-19-positive patients and 46 healthy controls (HCs) to assess brain functional activity. A combination of dynamic and static amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dALFF/sALFF) and functional connectivity (dFC/sFC) was used for evaluation. Abnormal brain regions identified were then used as feature inputs in the model to evaluate support vector machine (SVM) capability in recognizing COVID-19 patients. Moreover, the random forest (RF) model was employed to verify the stability of SVM diagnoses for COVID-19 patients.
Results: Compared to HCs, COVID-19 patients exhibited a decrease in sALFF in the right lingual gyrus and the left medial occipital gyrus, and an increase in dALFF in the right straight gyrus. Moreover, there was a decline in sFC between both lingual gyri and the right superior occipital gyrus and a reduction in dFC with the precentral gyrus. The dynamic and static combined ALFF and FC could distinguish between COVID-19 patients and the HCs with an accuracy of 0.885, a specificity of 0.818, a sensitivity of 0.933, and an AUC of 0.909.
Conclusion: The combination of dynamic and static ALFF and FC can provide information for detecting brain functional abnormalities in COVID-19 patients.
Status of the end-to-end demonstration readout chain for Athena/X-IFU
Authors: Roudil Gilles , Pajot François , Castellani Florent , Beaumont Sophie , Dupieux Michel , Murat David , Parot Yann , Ravera Laurent , Adams Joseph , Bandler Simon , Chervenak James , Cucchetti Edoardo , Daniel Christophe , Doriese William , Durking Malcolm , Geoffray Hervé , Hilton Gene , Mot Baptiste , Peille Philippe , Prêle Damien , Reintsema Carl , Sakai Kazuhiro , Ullom Joel , Wakeham Nicholas , Molin Alexei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) of the Athena observatory, scheduled for launch in the mid 2030's, will provide X-ray imaging spectroscopy data with unprecedented spectral and spatial resolution. The detection chain, based on a ~ 1.5 kilo-pixel array of transition edge sensors (TESs) cooled down to 55 mK, is under development by a large international collaboration. In order to perform an end-to-end demonstration of the X-IFU readout chain, a 50 mK test bench (Elsa), is being developed at IRAP in collaboration with CNES. Based on a commercial ADR cryostat, it includes a 1024-pixel TES array provided by NASA/GSFC with its associated cold readout chain provided by NIST. The validation of the performance of the system was performed using a NIST and NASA/GSFC laboratory warm readout chain. These laboratory electronics will be replaced step by step by the demonstration models of the space qualified electronics designed for the X-IFU: the digital readout electronics by IRAP and the warm front-end electronics by APC. We present here the status of the 50 mK test bench, its performance budget, and the demonstration of a prototype of a first element of the flight electronics.
Causal association of sex hormones with osteoporosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: zhang yu jun , Lian Qiufang , Nie Yanwu , Zhao Wei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Epidemiologic studies have identified a correlation between sex hormones and osteoporosis(OP), yet the presence of a causal effect remains unverified. Confounding factors and reverse causal associations mean observational studies merely reflect this correlation, without clarifying the intricate causal relationships at play. This study, therefore, employed Mendelian randomization to thoroughly examine the causal link between sex hormones and osteoporosis.
Methods
Exposure variables for sex hormones, encompassing total testosterone (TT), bioavailable testosterone (BAT), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and estradiol (E2), were derived from the IEU Open GWAS aggregated data. The outcome variable, osteoporosis, was sourced from the UK Biobank database. The Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted using the inverse variance weighted analysis (IVW) method, MR-Egger, and weighted median (WM) method to assess the causal relationship between sex hormones and osteoporosis. Outliers were identified via MR-PRESSO, the effect of individual SNPs on IVW analysis outcomes was investigated through leave-one-out sensitivity analysis, horizontal pleiotropy was detected using MR-Egger-intercept, heterogeneity among instrumental variables was evaluated with Cochran's Q-test, potential biases in findings were examined through funnel plots, and MR Steiger analysis was employed to explore any reverse causal associations.
Results
Mendelian randomization revealed that genetically predicted TT levels were inversely correlated with osteoporosis risk [IVW: OR (95% CI): 0.997 (0.995, 0.999), P = 0.004], while BAT exhibited a negative causal association with osteoporosis [IVW: OR (95% CI): 0.990 (0.987, 0.994), P = 4.83E-07]. Conversely, SHBG was positively correlated with osteoporosis [IVW: OR (95% CI): 1.008 (1.003, 1.012), P = 0.0004], and E2 demonstrated no causal effect [IVW: OR (95% CI): 0.981 (0.960, 1.002), P = 0.07129]. Cochran's Q-test indicated no heterogeneity in the instrumental variables (IVs) for BAT and E2(P > 0.05) and detected heterogeneity in the IVs for TT and SHBG (P < 0.05), thereby underscoring the relevance of the random-effects IVW model. Neither MR-Egger intercept nor MR- PRESSO analyses detected any level pleiotropy (P > 0.05). The IVW results remained robust after sequential omission of SNPs via the leave-one-out method.MR Steiger analysis confirmed the absence of reverse causality.
Conclusion
Our results indicate a causal relationship between sex hormones and osteoporosis, wherein TT and BAT decrease osteoporosis risk, whereas SHBG increases it. These findings suggest that sex hormones levels are significant in osteoporosis prevention and treatment strategies
Dairy consumption and vitamin D concentration in adolescents with challenge-confirmed cow's milk allergy during infancy
Authors: Piippo Sonja , Hauta-alus Helena , Viljanen Mirva , Savilahti Erkki , Kuitunen Mikael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background/Objectives:
Milk is an important source of dietary calcium and, if fortified, vitamin D. Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is treated with a milk elimination diet. Although most children become tolerant by age 3 years, some continue dairy avoidance. It remains unclear whether adolescents with a history of CMA adopt similar milk consumption as their peers. We assessed dairy consumption and concentration of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in adolescents with either confirmed CMA or a negative CMA challenge in infancy (CMA-refuted group) and age-matched controls.
Subjects/Methods:
This study is based on a previously reported randomized controlled trial from 1999 to 2002 on the treatment effect of probiotics on atopic eczema in participants aged < 12 months (n = 230) with data on CMA status. We followed up these participants, aged 15–18 years, in 2017 (n = 104). A 20-item food frequency questionnaire assessed dairy consumption. An automated immunoassay measured 25(OH)D concentration.
Results
Median dairy product consumption did not differ between adolescents with CMA (449 g/d, n = 40), the CMA-refuted group (566 g/d, n = 36), and controls (235 g/d, n = 51) (P = 0.117). Median 25(OH)D concentrations were 76.0, 79.3, and 80.8 nmol/l, respectively (P = 0.844). Among participants, 93% were vitamin D sufficient (25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/l), with no differences between groups (P = 0.914).
Conclusion
Among adolescents with a history of CMA during infancy, our study found no reintroduction failure of milk and no difference in vitamin D insufficiency rate compared with peers. Current management of CMA seems to adequately minimize later nutritional disadvantages associated with a cow’s milk elimination diet.
Association of weight loss strategies with all-cause and specific-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Diao Zhiquan , Zhu Yilin , Huang Wenqi , Wen Huiyan , Li Jiaxin , Qiu Jiamin , Niu Yingying , Yan Haoyu , Zhong Jianfeng , Bai Xuerui , Xu Zhitong , Liang Xiaofeng , Liu Dan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The health effects of different weight loss strategies vary greatly, and the relationship between weight loss strategies, especially the application and combination of multiple strategies, and death is still unclear. We aimed to examine the associations of various numbers and combinations of weight loss strategies with all-cause and specific-cause mortality and to further evaluate the associations of different total weight loss volumes with mortality.
Methods
Using data from the NHANES (1999–2018) with 48,430 participants aged 20 and above, we collected fourteen self-reported weight loss strategies and identified five clusters using latent class analysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the association between the amounts and clusters of weight loss strategies and mortality.
Results
During a median follow-up of 9.1 years of 48,430 participants, 7,539 deaths were recorded (including 1,941 CVDs and 1,714 cancer). Participants who adopted 2, 3–4, and ≥ 5 weight loss strategies had a lower risk of all-cause mortality, with HRs of 0.88 (95% CI, 0.81 to 0.97), 0.89 (95% CI, 0.81 to 0.96) and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.61 to 0.82). Regardless of weight loss or weight gain categories, there was a significant trend toward reduced mortality as the number of weight loss strategies increased (P trend < 0.05). Participants who adopted weight loss strategies named cluster-1 (four strategies), cluster-2 (five strategies) and cluster-3 (three strategies) had a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality, with HRs of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.60 to 0.84), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.55 to 0.89) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.94). Among them, cluster-1 and cluster-2 are both characterized by exercising, drinking plenty of water, lowering calories and eating less fat. Conversely, cluster-4 (five strategies) and cluster-5 (five strategies) had marginally significant effects, and they both had actual higher total energy intakes. Similar associations were observed for CVDs and cancer mortality.
Conclusions
Employing two or more weight loss strategies was associated with a lower risk of death, even among those who gained weight. Exercising, drinking plenty of water, lowering calories and eating less fat is a better combination of strategies. On this basis, limiting the actual intake of total energy is necessary.
Is Ketamine Infusion an Effective Treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder? A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mowdawalla Cyrus P. , Pradhan Basant K. , Mitrev Ludmil V. , Hunter Kystal , Saracco Benjamin , Kim Helen Wonjai , Helmond Noud van 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects ~ 6% of adolescents and adults in the US. Increased N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation leads to heightened intrusive memories and is associated with an increased risk of developing PTSD. Ketamine is an NMDA antagonist with ultra-rapid therapeutic action for treatment-resistant depression and suicide. In this meta-analysis, we assessed the effect of subanesthetic ketamine infusion on PTSD severity. Six databases were investigated according to PRISMA guidelines with quality assessments according to the NIH Quality Assessment tool. Eligible criteria included: 1) Randomized Control Trial (RCT) or cohort study 2) Used a single or multiple ketamine infusion(s) 3) Studies using another treatment for PTSD to which (2) is added 4) PTSD symptoms are measured at pre-infusion baseline and up to at least 40 minutes after infusion using a valid PTSD symptom measurement scale 5) Study included ≥ 5 patients. The primary outcome was the first measured value of PTSD symptoms after treatment completion. Meta-analysis using a random effects model was performed on pre-to-post changes in PTSD severity within ketamine treated patients and to compare ketamine to control outcomes. The search retrieved 526 articles. Nine articles met inclusion criteria: 5 RCTs and 4 cohort studies. Meta-analysis revealed that ketamine infusion reduced PTSD symptom severity (pre-post ketamine: standardized mean difference pre-to-post: 3.07, 95% confidence interval 1.54–4.60, P < 0.01). These results support ketamine infusions as an effective treatment modality for PTSD symptoms. Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy is shown to enhance ketamine effect and aid in prolonging remission. Further research is needed to provide effective and long-lasting PTSD treatment.
Recovery of Cobalt from Cathode of Lithium-Ion Battery by Using Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Li Xin , Li Yin , Qiao Qian , Wang Kun , Yu Honghao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

A new ternary deep-eutectic solvents, consisting of Choline chloride, ethylene glycol and benzoic acid, were designed for efficient leaching valuable metals from lithium oxide of spent lithium-ion batteries. The influence of experiment parameters on the leaching of cobalt was systematically investigated and optimized by response surface methodology. The leaching kinetics were elucidated in detail. The leaching efficiency of cobalt reached almost 100 %, when the temperature is 170 ℃, the time of 3 h, and the molar ratio of the choline chloride: ethylene glycol: benzoic acid of 1:1.6:0.4. The kinetics Co leaching showed good agreement to the shrinking core model, in which the diffusion of solid product layers was the limiting step, and the apparent activation energy was about 77.22 kJ/mol. Infrared spectroscopy indicated that hydrogen donors provided multiple ligands to facilitate the solubilization of cobalt. The SEM analysis of the leachates showed that the edge of particles changed significantly, the particle size decreased, and the dissolution process appeared. The simultaneous realization of high efficiency, green process is expected to bring the DES into practical application for recovery of cathode from spent lithium-ion batteries.
Expression and relationship of ECT2 with cell cycle proteins CDK1 and CyclinB1 on the Paclitaxel intervention in three negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Wang Hongkun , Liu Xiaojun , Wan Huili , Shi Jiangbo , Zheng Huixia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose To investigate the relationship of expression of ECT2 and cell cycle-related proteins CDK1 and CyclinB1 in triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC) after ECT2 overexpression and interference and after paclitaxel (PTX) therapy,and hope to provide some theoretical basis for the treatment of TNBC Methods ECT2 overexpression and interfering plasmid were applied to cultured TNBC HCC1806 cells and nude mouse transplantation tumor assays were performed, while PTX was added in the group, and Westen-blot detected the expression of ECT2, CDK1, and CyclinB1 proteins.The relationship between the ECT2 and CDK1 and CyclinB1 genes was analyzed by TCGA database. Results In vitro experiments,The ECT2 overexpression group showed that ECT2 protein expression was higher than that of the control group before and after PTX treatment (P < 0.05), and CDK1 and Cyclin B1 was similarly higher than the control group (P < 0.05), but the three proteins after PTX treatment was lower than that before.The ECT2 interference group showed that the expression of ECT2 and CDK1 and Cyclin B1 was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), especially after PTX treatment, the decrease of their expression was more significant. In vivo experiments,the expression of ECT2 was significantly higher in the overexpression group and the overexpression group with the addition of PTX than control group (P < 0.05), and significantly lower in the PTX group, the interference group and the interference group with the addition of PTX than control group (P < 0.05),and CyclinB1 protein expression was statistically different in the ECT2 overexpression group and interference group with the addition of PTX compared with the PTX control group (P < 0.05).The results of the TCGA database analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the ECT2 and CDK1 and CyclinB1 genes. Conclusion ECT2 promotes TNBC cell progression by acting in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and it may form a positive feedback loop with Cyclin B1 to promote the progression of the cell cycle and accomplish cell proliferation under the regulation of CDK1. The overexpression of ECT2 may cause TNBC resistance to PTX,and combination of anti-ECT2-targeted drugs and PTX may offer help in TNBC treatment.
Unveiling Trichosporon austroamericanum sp. nov.: a novel emerging opportunistic basidiomycetous yeast species
Authors: Francisco Elaine C. , Desnos-Ollivier Marie , Dieleman Chendo , Boekhout Teun , Santos Daniel Wagner de C.L. , Medina-Pestana José O. , Colombo Arnaldo L. , Hagen Ferry 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

During an epidemiological survey a potential novel species within the basidiomycetous yeast genus Trichosporon was observed. The clinical strain was obtained from an urine sample taken from a Brazilian kidney transplant recipient. The strain was molecularly identified using the intergenic spacer (IGS1) ribosomal DNA locus and a subsequent phylogenetic analysis showed that multiple strains that were previously reported by other studies shared an identical IGS1-genotype most closely related to that of Trichosporon inkin. However, none of these studies provided an in-depth characterization of the involved strains to describe it as a new taxon. Here, we present the novel clinically relevant yeast for which we propose the name Trichosporon austroamericanum sp. nov. (holotype CBS H-24937). T. austroamericanum can be distinguished from other siblings in the genus Trichosporon using morphological, physiological, and phylogenetic characters.