bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ukraine Trauma Project: the feasibility of introducing advanced trauma-care skills to frontline emergency medical services responders
Authors: Bury Gerard , Fitzpatrick Christopher , Heron Bernard , Cullen Walter , Scully Eithne , Kachurets Kateryna , Zacharchenko Lyudmyla 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesTo design, develop, deliver and assess a training initiative on haemorrhage control for emergency medical services (EMS) staff in Ukraine, in an active wartime setting.DesignUsing the Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions, a training programme was designed and developed in a collaboration between Irish and Ukrainian colleagues and delivered by experienced prehospital clinicians/educators. Feedback was gathered from participants.SettingThe Russian invasion of Ukraine has caused large numbers of trauma patients with limited access to advanced prehospital emergency care. Ukrainian authorities requested support in delivering such care.ParticipantsUkrainian EMS nominated clinical staff as trainees, in partnership with an educational institution in Kyiv.InterventionOne day provider and train-the-trainer courses were developed and delivered, focused on early delivery of tranexamic acid (TXA), using intraosseous access (IO) in victims of wartime trauma.Outcome measuresSafe organisation and delivery of courses, assessed knowledge and skills competence and self-reported satisfaction and pre/post confidence/competence.ResultsTwo provider and one train-the-trainer courses and four equipment supply exercises were delivered for 89 EMS staff (doctors, nurses, paramedics); none had prior experience of IO or prehospital delivery of TXA. All participants were assessed as competent as providers and/or trainers. High levels of satisfaction and significantly improved self-assessed confidence and competence were reported.ConclusionRapid design and delivery of a training programme focused on an identified need for advanced care of trauma patients in a wartime setting has been possible. Training and immediate access to appropriate equipment was demonstrated. Evidence of frequency of use and safe, effective interventions has not been collected; such data are important for evaluation but difficult to collect in this setting. A high level of demand for this training now exists.
Impact of hyperuricaemia on patients with psoriatic arthritis treated with secukinumab in the FUTURE 2–5 and MAXIMISE studies
Authors: Felten Renaud , Widawski Laura , Spielmann Lionel , Gaillez Corine , Bao Weibin , Gottenberg Jacques-Eric , Duret Pierre-Marie , Messer Laurent 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesPatients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are at a significantly increased risk of hyperuricaemia and development of gout, and those with hyperuricaemia have been found to respond poorly to PsA treatment and have more peripheral and destructive joint damage. We present a comprehensive post hoc analysis using pooled data from the FUTURE 2–5 studies and the MAXIMISE study to further evaluate the impact of hyperuricaemia on clinical presentation/disease severity and response to secukinumab in patients with PsA.MethodsPatients were stratified into two groups based on baseline serum uric acid (SUA) level (threshold of 360 µmol/L). A sensitivity analysis was also performed based on SUA thresholds of 300 µmol/L and 420 µmol/L. Demographics, clinical, radiological characteristics and comorbidities data were collected.ResultsAt baseline, patients with hyperuricaemia were mostly male, reported a higher prevalence of hypertension, with more clinical dactylitis, more psoriasis and more severe skin disease compared with patients with normouricaemia. A similar proportion of patients in the normouricaemic and hyperuricaemic cohorts achieved American College of Rheumatology responses, resolution of enthesitis and dactylitis, inhibition of structural damage progression and improvement in health-related quality of life across all secukinumab doses at week 52.ConclusionPatients with PsA and hyperuricaemia have different clinical characteristics from patients with PsA and normouricaemia. Identification of these patients at an early stage may facilitate a personalised treatment approach and improved management of comorbidities. Furthermore, secukinumab provided a rapid and sustained response across all manifestations of PsA up to week 52, irrespective of baseline uricaemia status.
Hypofibrinogenemia following injury in 186 children and adolescents: identification of the phenotype, current outcomes, and potential for intervention
Authors: Gerard Justin , Van Gent Jan-Michael , Cardenas Jessica , Gage Christian , Meyer David E , Cox Charles , Wade Charles E , Cotton Bryan A 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesRecent studies evaluating fibrinogen replacement in trauma, along with newly available fibrinogen-based products, has led to an increase in debate on where products such as cryoprecipitate belong in our resuscitation strategies. We set out to define the phenotype and outcomes of those with hypofibrinogenemia and evaluate whether fibrinogen replacement should have a role in the initial administration of massive transfusion.MethodsAll patients <18 years of age presenting to our trauma center 11/17–4/21 were reviewed. We then evaluated all patients who received emergency-release and massive transfusion protocol (MTP) products. Patients were defined as hypofibrinogenemic (HYPOFIB) if admission fibrinogen <150 or rapid thrombelastography (r-TEG) angle <60 degrees. Our analysis sought to define risk factors for presenting with HYPOFIB, the impact on outcomes, and whether early replacement improved mortality.Results4169 patients were entered into the trauma registry, with 926 level 1 trauma activations, of which 186 patients received emergency-release blood products during this time; 1%, 3%, and 10% were HYPOFIB, respectively. Of the 186 patients of interest, 18 were HYPOFIB and 168 were non-HYPOFIB. The HYPOFIB patients were significantly younger, had lower field and arrival Glasgow Coma Scale, had higher head Abbreviated Injury Scale, arrived with worse global coagulopathy, and died from brain injury. Non-HYPOFIB patients were more likely to have (+)focused assessment for the sonography of trauma on arrival, sustained severe abdominal injuries, and die from hemorrhage. 12% of patients who received early cryoprecipitate (0–2 hours) had higher mortality by univariate analysis (55% vs 31%, p=0.045), but no difference on multivariate analysis (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.07 to 1.81, p=0.221). Those receiving early cryoprecipitate who survived after pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission had lower PICU fibrinogen and r-TEG alpha-angle values.ConclusionIn pediatric trauma, patients with hypofibrinogenemia on admission are most likely younger and to have sustained severe brain injury, with an associated mortality of over 80%. Given the absence of bleeding-related deaths in HYPOFIB patients, this study does not provide evidence for the empiric use of cryoprecipitate in the initial administration of a massive transfusion protocol.Level of EvidenceLevel III - Therapeutic/Care Management.
Recent and projected climate change–induced expansion of Atlantic halibut in the Northwest Atlantic
Authors: Czich Andrew N. , Stanley R.R.E. , Avery T.S. , den Heyer C.E. , Shackell N.L. 
Published: November 2023

With the influence of climate change on marine systems expanding, climate adaptation will be fundamental for the future of fisheries management. An exponential increase in Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus landings over the past decade has coincided with warming ocean temperatures. Here, we explore how historical changes in abundance have been linked to changing thermal habitat conditions and project trends with a warming climate under different emissions scenarios. From 1990 to 2018, available thermal habitat increased by 11.6 ± 7.35% and growing degree days have increased by 13.5 ± 7.86 °C·days across the region. With warming, the probability of occurrence is projected to increase up to 20.5% in Canada by 2085 under RCP 8.5 for Atlantic halibut. Our results suggest that shifting patterns of halibut distribution and abundance are linked to thermal conditions and that continued warming will likely continue to enhance habitat conditions, leading to increased abundance in the Canadian range. Collectively, these results illustrate the influence of shifting environmental conditions on population dynamics and emphasize the importance of adaptive management practices in a dynamic future climate.
EFFECTIVENESS OF POSTERIOR PELVIC TILT EXERCISE ON STABLE AND UNSTABLE SURFACE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: Ali Kamran , Ali Mohsin , Kaushik Himani , Khan Moazzam Hussain 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess and evaluate the efficacy of posterior pelvic tilt exercises on pain reduction, functional disability, muscle strength, and lumbopelvic angle in patients with Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP). These exercises were conducted on stable and unstable surfaces. Methods: This was a single-blinded randomized two-group pre-test and post-test experimental study. Men and women with CLBP, with an age between 18 and 50 years, were divided into two groups at random. Group A performed the exercises on a stable surface, and Group B performed the exercises on an unstable surface. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for functional disability, Flexi Ruler for measuring lumbar lordosis angle, and Surface Electromyography (SEMG) for Transverse Abdominis (TA) and Rectus Abdominis (RA) muscles were used for pre- and post-treatment analysis. Results: Significant improvements in SEMG activity of TA and RA muscles were observed in both intervention groups following conventional exercises ([Formula: see text] < 0.05). However, the unstable surface group had a higher increase in SEMG amplitude during Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) and the percentage of MVIC for the TA muscles. Conclusion: Posterior pelvic tilt exercises performed on stable and unstable surfaces effectively reduced pain, decreased the angle of lumbar lordosis, improved functional disability, and enhanced activity and strength of the pelvic muscles in patients with CLBP.
The Breast Microbiome in Breast Cancer Risk and Progression: A Narrative Review
Authors: Peters Brandilyn A. , Kelly Libusha , Wang Tao , Loudig Olivier , Rohan Thomas E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A decade ago, studies in human populations first revealed the existence of a unique microbial community in the breast, a tissue historically viewed as sterile, with microbial origins seeded through the nipple and/or translocation from other body sites. Since then, research efforts have been made to characterize the microbiome in healthy and cancerous breast tissues. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence for the association of the breast microbiome with breast cancer risk and progression. Briefly, while many studies have examined the breast microbiome in patients with breast cancer, and compared it with the microbiome of benign breast disease tissue or normal breast tissue, these studies have varied widely in their sample sizes, methods, and quality of evidence. Thus, while several large and rigorous cross-sectional studies have provided key evidence of an altered microbiome in breast tumors compared with normal adjacent and healthy control tissue, there are few consistent patterns of perturbed microbial taxa. In addition, only one large prospective study has provided evidence of a relationship between the breast tumor microbiota and cancer prognosis. Future research studies featuring large, well-characterized cohorts with prospective follow-up for breast cancer incidence, progression, and response to treatment are warranted.
Platelet Metabolic Profiling Reveals Glycolytic and 1-Carbon Metabolites Are Essential for GP VI–Stimulated Human Platelets—Brief Report
Authors: Ghatge Madankumar , Flora Gagan D. , Nayak Manasa K. , Chauhan Anil K. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Evolving evidence suggests that besides signaling pathways, platelet activation involves a complex interplay between metabolic pathways to support thrombus growth. Selective targeting of metabolic checkpoints may inhibit platelet activation and provide a novel antiplatelet strategy. We, therefore, examined global metabolic changes that occur during the transition of human platelets from resting to an activated state to identify metabolites and associated pathways that contribute to platelet activation.

METHODS:
We performed metabolic profiling of resting and convulxin-stimulated human platelet samples. The differential levels, pathway analysis, and PCA (principal component analysis) were performed using Metaboanalyst. Metascape was used for metabolite network construction.

RESULTS:
Of the 401 metabolites identified, 202 metabolites were significantly upregulated, and 2 metabolites were downregulated in activated platelets. Of all the metabolites, lipids scored highly and constituted ≈50% of the identification. During activation, aerobic glycolysis supports energy demand and provides glycolytic intermediates required by metabolic pathways. Consistent with this, an important category of metabolites was carbohydrates, particularly the glycolysis intermediates that were significantly upregulated compared with resting platelets. We found that lysophospholipids such as 1-palmitoyl-GPA (glycero-3-phosphatidic acid), 1-stearoyl-GPS (glycero-3-phosphoserine), 1-palmitoyl-GPI (glycerophosphoinositol), 1-stearoyl-GPI, and 1-oleoyl-GPI were upregulated in activated platelets. We speculated that platelet activation could be linked to 1-carbon metabolism, a set of biochemical pathways that involve the transfer and use of 1-carbon units from amino acids, for cellular processes, including nucleotide and lysophospholipid synthesis. In alignment, based on pathway enrichment and network-based prioritization, the metabolites from amino acid metabolism, including serine, glutamate, and branched-chain amino acid pathway were upregulated in activated platelets, which might be supplemented by the high levels of glycolytic intermediates.

CONCLUSIONS:
Metabolic analysis of resting and activated platelets revealed that glycolysis and 1-carbon metabolism are necessary to support platelet activation.
Geographic Distribution of Social Service Resources for Stroke Survivors in Ohio Varies by Rurality
Authors: Wing Jeffrey J. , Rajczyk Jenna I. , Burke James F. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Both social service resources and stroke prevalence vary by geography, and health care resources are scarcer in rural areas. We assessed whether distributions of resources relevant to stroke survivors were clustered around areas of the highest stroke prevalence in Ohio and whether this is varied by rurality using an ecological study design.

METHODS:
Census tract (CT)–level self-reported stroke prevalence estimates (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PLACES–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) were linked with sociodemographic and rurality data (2019 American Community Survey) and geographic density of resources in Ohio (2020 findhelp data). Resources were grouped into categories: housing, in-home, financial, transportation, education, and therapy. Negative binomial regression models estimated the mean number of resources within 25 miles and 30 minutes of a CT centroid and quartiles of stroke prevalence for each resource group by rurality status (rural, urban, and suburban). Models were sequentially adjusted for total population and CT demographics.

RESULTS:
In Ohio, stroke prevalence was 3.9% (0.4%–14.2%). The highest stroke prevalence quartile (versus lowest) was associated with fewer resources within 25 miles overall (resource ratio [RR], 0.57–0.98). The most pronounced disparities were in rural CT; rural CTs with the highest quartile stroke prevalence had fewer housing (RR, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.32–0.75]), in-home (RR, 0.31 [95% CI, 0.20–0.49]), and therapy (RR, 0.23 [95% CI, 0.13–0.43]) resources compared with those with the lowest quartile stroke prevalence (reference: mean, 1.2 housing, 5.1 in-home, and 4.9 therapy resources, respectively). Rural disparities no longer persisted after adjustment for federal poverty limit (rural: housing [RR, 0.69 (95% CI, 0.40–1.20)], in-home [RR, 0.65 (95% CI, 0.34–1.23)], and therapy [RR, 0.66 (95% CI, 0.33–1.32)]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Stroke social service resources are inversely distributed relative to stroke prevalence in Ohio, particularly in rural areas. This inverse link in rural Ohio is likely explained by geographic differences in poverty. Stroke-specific resource-related interventions may be needed and should consider the roles of rurality and poverty.
The Logic Question: Marx, Trendelenburg, and the Critique of Hegel
Authors: Barbour Charles 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper provides a reconstruction and analysis of Marx’s early engagements with logic, and especially his studies of Hegel’s logic, on the one hand, and Hegel’s great if often overlooked critic Adolf Trendelenburg, on the other. It itemises the archival evidence that Marx read and planned to compose a Hegelian response to Trendelenburg’s devastating attack on dialectics in his 1840 Logische Untersuchungen – the work that arguably did more than any other single text to destroy the influence of Hegelianism among German intellectuals at the time. It argues that the young Marx was a more sophisticated reader of Hegel and of philosophy in general than is typically acknowledged. Against the backdrop of these claims, it then proposes a new reading of Marx’s work from 1839 to 1842 – one that takes the emphasis off the familiar distinction between materialism and idealism, which was as much an invention of Engels’s later interpretations of the early Marx as it was an invention of Marx himself, and places it instead on what early nineteenth-century thinkers would have understood to be the more comprehensive question of logic.
The Law of the Sea in Past Scholarship
Authors: Papanicolopulu Irini 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The law of the sea is currently understood as a distinct field of international law that came into existence together with (modern) international law. Has this always been so? How did past international lawyers understand what we call today ‘the law of the sea’? Were they aware of the fact that this was a separate legal regime? And when did modern conceptions of the law of the sea emerge? This article examines past scholarship, from the sixteenth to the beginning of the twentieth century, in order to identify how law of the sea was conceived in past scholarship and how this conception links to our current understanding of the field.
The ‘asean Way’ of Women, Peace and Security: Norm Rhetoric or Implementation?
Authors: Veneracion Ma. Lourdes 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Women, peace and security (wps) is a global normative agenda that seeks to address the vulnerability and victimization of women in armed conflict situation and recognize their agency to transform post-conflict societies. In over two decades, various international institutions, states, and transnational and domestic civil society groups have taken on various initiatives to advance wps through international policy frames, regional commitments, and national operationalization.
In Southeast Asia, even though women’s human rights have gained traction in the region through cross-cutting issues on gender equality and violence against women, not much has been said in the context of these in armed conflict and peacebuilding situations. In fact, to date, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (asean) was the latest regional body to have adopted a framework for action on wps. This study uses the norm life cycle model to explain the emergence and cascade of wps in the asean and explains the challenges to the internalization of the norm in the region.
Conflict Management and Atrocity Prevention in Southeast Asia: Making asean “Fit for Purpose”
Authors: Caballero-Anthony Mely 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Described as a force for peace since its establishment in 1967, asean is now confronted with a slew of political and security issues that has severely challenged its modalities of addressing regional problems, including the internal conflicts of its member states. The continuing political crisis in Myanmar reflects the kinds of dilemmas faced by asean in keeping to its sticky regional norms and practices while being a responsive and effective regional organisation. As asean struggles to become “fit for purpose”, the paper argues that a negotiated “asean Way”, founded on ideas of positive peace and human security, allows asean to chart a renewed regional agenda for maintaining peace and security in Southeast Asia, while at the same time contributing to comprehensive efforts on managing regional conflicts and preventing atrocities.
IsoMedIta: A Stable Isotope Database for Medieval Italy
Authors: Mantile Noemi , Fernandes Ricardo , Lubritto Carmine , Cocozza Carlo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The IsoMedIta database compiles 6304 stable isotope measurements (δ13C, δ15N, δ18O, δ34S, 87Sr/86Sr) from archaeological sites in medieval Italy (c. 500–1500 ce). The data is spatiotemporally referenced and includes bioarchaeological and paleo-environmental descriptions, alongside with other archaeological, biological, historical, environmental and technical metadata. IsoMedIta can be employed to address various historical questions at different spatial and temporal scales. It is also a resource for defining future research agendas and for heritage management.
Collaborations and Contestations in Publicly Engaged Anthropologies: An Exposition
Authors: Zenker Olaf , Vonderau Asta 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Collaborations and contestations have always been present in collaborative research, and many case studies illustrate related conundrums. Yet, we argue that the concrete challenges emerging within dynamics of collaborations and contestations deserve much more focused attention, especially in contexts of publicly engaged anthropological work. This essay introduces a special issue of seven highly diverse contributions that are all animated by, and oriented towards, this common concern. Against the backdrop of situating this problematique within broader developments in increasingly diverse anthropologies of recent decades, we discuss the different contributions in light of their specific insights regarding collaborations and contestations. Based on these fine-grained case studies, we draw four transversal conclusions that we see as relevant also for publicly engaged anthropologies beyond the individual contributions that are assembled here.
Dimensions of Positioning. Conflictual Dynamics in the Field of Anti-“Genderism”
Authors: Näser-Lather Marion 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
How do collaboration and contestation evolve in a heterogeneous field with conflictual dynamics? Re-evaluating my research on agitations against gender studies within academia and the reactions of the discipline from a methodological and ethical perspective, I will show how entanglements of self- and external positionings in the course of fieldwork lead to (unexpected) constellations of (ant-)agonism, pressures and constraints, shaping not only decisions regarding collaboration and contestation, but also modes of going public. Based on these experiences, and drawing on historical as well as contemporary discourses within the ethnological disciplines, I will conclude with an attempt at conceptualization in the form of a seven-dimensional coordinate system which outlines the role of different dimensions relevant for positioning and being positioned in the field as prerequisites for decisions on collaboration and contestation.