bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-medication with herbal remedies: Understanding the practices in Iraqi society
Authors: Kadhim Kadhim Fadhil , Ali Aldabis Hussein , Hasan AL-Kabi Hayder , Tarq Sary Al-Maliki Nrjes 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: The growing popularity of herbal medicine can be attributed to its accessibility via the internet, cost, cultural tolerance, and perceived compatibility with the human body. However, since not all herbal therapies are safe or suitable for everyone, exercising caution and being mindful of the potential risks associated with their use are essential. The study aimed to determine the frequency, circumstances, and reasons for engaging in self-medication practices. It also explored the impact of self-medication and analyzed gender differences in anxiety levels related to such practices.

Materials and Methods: The research, based on a sample size of 1023 participants, sought to investigate and comprehend the patterns and characteristics of herbal self-medication across different sociological groups while considering various variables.

Results: The research findings indicated notable gender-related disparities in the prevalence of herbal self-medication. No significant differences were observed based on residence. Moreover, educational attainment played a role in self-medication practices, with individuals having postsecondary education displaying the highest inclination. Self-medication was observed across diverse health conditions, ranging from systemic illnesses to chronic diseases. Remarkably, 64.8% of women experienced anxiety, in contrast to only 20% of men, when engaging in self-medication practices. The research findings indicated a higher tendency for self-medication among women, with no notable variations based on residential location. Moreover, individuals with higher levels of education demonstrated a greater inclination towards self-medication.

Conclusion: The most prevalent reasons cited for self-medication were pain relief and inflammation management. Most participants reported experiencing no symptoms after self-medication, while women exhibited higher levels of anxiety.
Assessing miR-146a-5P with IL-6 and TLR-4 serum levels in diabetic mellitus patients with or without urinary tract infection
Authors: Q. Thajel Rabiha , M. Ghareeb Abdulameer , A. M. Al-Khafaji Qays 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that affects glucose levels. This condition increases blood sugar and weakens immunity, damaging neutrophil function and urine antibacterial activity. IL-6 and TLR-4 are involved in inflammation and immune system control, while miR-146-5p may be a biomarker for diabetes. This study examines IL-6, TLR-4, and miR-146-5p in diabetics with and without UT infection.

Materials and Methods: In this study, blood samples were collected from 100 diabetic mellitus patients suffering from UTI in addition to 100 individuals apparently healthy as control. The serum levels of IL-6 and TLR-4 were detected using commercial BTlab brand ELISA kits. The plasma RNA expression level of the miR-146a-5p was determined by real time-PCR using a specific primer for miR-146a-5p with the U6 gene utilized as a reference gene.

Results: The results showed that diabetic patient’s group had a significantly higher response of IL-6 than controls (75.6 vs. 27.6). TLR-4 levels showed high levels in diabetic patients’ group (1.3) in comparison with the control group (0.441). Both IL-6 and TLR-4 levels showed a significant difference between the diabetic patients with UTI compared to control. The results revealed no-significant differences in the levels among both diabetic patients with UTI and patients without UTI. TLR-4 and IL-6 showed a significant inverse relationship while the relation between TLR-4 level and miR-146a-5p expression level showed a negative relationship.

Conclusion: The levels of IL-6, TLR-4, and miR-146-5p expression were found to be considerably greater in individuals with diabetes having UTIs compared to patients with diabetes alone. An inverse relationship existed between IL-6 and TLR-4 levels as well as between TLR-4 and miR-146a-5p. The expression levels of IL-6 and miR-146-5p were nearly equal.
Emotional state of patients with mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Kemelova Venera , Turgumbaev Dzhamalbek , Sydykova Gulina , Baigazhanova Gulzira 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Psychological effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are frequently present in addition to neurological deficits. The purpose of this study is to assess the emotional state of patients with mild TBI in the remote period.

Methods: This study included 78 patients aged 22–53 years with a reliably established diagnosis of mild TBI, with damage duration ranging from 1–5 years. The mean age was (34.6±3.2 years). To determine the level of anxiety, the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale was used.

Results: The testing revealed that patients with suicidal thoughts had a significantly higher level of anxiety (34.2%) than the patients with TBI in the main group (27.5%). Comparative analysis between the two groups showed that the uselessness was more characteristic for suicides (22.8±0.14), who considered themselves completely useless than patients with TBI (20.6±1.36) with reliability (t = 4.2; p<0.001).

Conclusion: Due to the damage that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can do to the body, especially to mental health, it is important to use medical and psychosocial rehabilitation as early as possible in the treatment stage to figure out the type and severity of the psychoemotional disorder and correct the psychosomatic state using psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic effects.
Clonidine premedication in spinal anaesthesia: Effect on hemodynamic status and vasopressor response to ephedrine
Authors: Shetty Vasantha , Deepak Aarti , B. S. Manisha , Koteshwara Reshma 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Premedication has an important role to play in modern day anaesthesia care. In recent years, clonidine is making a comeback as a premedicant. Our study deals with haemodynamic changes to ephedrine after oral clonidine premedication for spinal anaesthesia with or without concurrent administration of drugs.The purpose of the study is to know the effect of oral clonidine premedication on haemodynamic status including vasopressor response of ephedrine during spinal anaesthesia.

Materials: This is a prospective randomized double blinded controlled study. Sixty adult patients belonging to ASA I scheduled for elective surgery under spinal anaesthesia were selected. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups.Oral clonidine 4 microgram/kg was administered to group A(Clonidine group, n equal to 30) and 90 and one tablet of vitamin (placebo) orally 90 minutes was administered to group B (Control group, n equal to 30)90 minutes prior to anaesthesia. On the morning of surgery, blood pressure was measured before premedication and 90 minutes later. Sedation and anxiolysis were scored during clonidine premedication and 90th minute afterwards. When SBP decreased to 80% of the pre-spinal value, bolus IV injection of ephedrine 0.1 mg/kg was administered. After ephedrine injections, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at 1 minute interval for 10 minutes.

Results: Group A patients were found to have low SBP, DBP, MBP and HR when compared to group B. Intravenous ephedrine augmented blood pressure more than the control group. Statistically significant difference was found for SBP after 5 minutes, for MBP after 4 minutes of ephedrine administration and no significant difference was found for DBP.

Conclusion: We conclude from our study that clonidine administered orally in a dose of 4 microgram/kg as a premedicant increases the pressor responses to IV injection ephedrine 0.2 mg/kg in patients with subarachnoid block.
In vitro screening of ninety-five plant extracts for inhibition of Clostridium histolyticum collagenase and Bacillus polymyxa metalloprotease- analogous human MMPs
Authors: V. Jaiwal Bhimrao , K. Shaikh Faiyaz , W. Bradosty Sarwan , B. Patil Ajit , L.S. Hallur Raghavendra , Shantaram Manjula 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in many human diseases. Medicinal plants and their different constituents are utilized as therapeutic agents. In the present work we report the total phenolics content and screening of ninety five plant extracts for inhibitory activities against Clostridium histolyticum collagenase (ChC) and Bacillus polymyxa metalloprotease (BpM).

Materials and Methods: Total phenolics content from plant methanolic extracts were assessed using Folin-Ciocalteau assay. Screening of plant extracts for ChC and BpM inhibitory activities was performed using dot blot assay on X-ray film.

Results: G. superba fruit was observed to have the highest phenolics (257.58 ± 0.75 mg GAE /g tissue) content while C. nurvala stem was observed to have the lowest phenolics (0.468 ± 0.003 mg GAE /g tissue) content. Thirty two plants showed ChC inhibitory activities while twenty seven plants showed BpM inhibitory activities. From those plants twenty five plants have common ChC and BpM inhibitory activities. Most of plant barks were found to have a high amount of total phenolics as compared to other plant tissues while the most of plant leaves were found to have low amounts of total phenolics. Most of barks were found to exhibit inhibitory activities as compared to other tissue. Only 6 different leaves were found to exhibit inhibitory activity out of 42 different leaves. None of the root extracts exhibited inhibitory activities.

Conclusion: The inhibitory activity exhibiting plant extracts could be used as a significant source for the determination of novel drug candidates to treat MMPs related diseases.
Assessment of endocrine function in males with pre-diabetes
Authors: Agarwal Ashish , Hegde Anupama , Ahmad Afzal , Yadav Charu , A. Manjrekar Poornima , M.S. Rukmini 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is associated with various endocrine derangements and prediabetes is an intermediate condition between health and full-fledged disease state. Hormones of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid (HPT), Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA), Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axes and pineal gland were studied in males (n=105) with prediabetes.

Materials and Methods: Based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG), the subjects were categorized as healthy controls, prediabetes, diabetes and various hormones were compared between these three groups.

Results: Insulin levels showed a systematic increase from pre-diabetes to diabetes subjects. HPT axis had a semblance to “Primary hypothyroidism” with an increase in Thyrotropin-releasing-hormone (TRH), Thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH) and decrease in fT4 and fT3 with rise in glucose levels. HPA axis detected high Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol in the overtly diabetic group while prediabetes values were comparable to control. The HPG axis demonstrated significantly high Gonadotropin-hormone-releasing-hormone (GnRH) in the diabetic group but not in the prediabetic. A graded increase in LH and significant decrease in testosterone and melatonin was observed with a rise in FPG.

Conclusion: Thus, it could be concluded as endocrine gland damage due to hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia causes multiple endocrine dysfunctions in prediabetes that aggravates, as the patient turns diabetic.
Uji Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Nipis Citrus aurantifolia (Christm) Swingle Terhadap Vibrio sp.
Authors: Prasetya Indra Adi Wira , Aziz Aziz , Ekawati Evy Ratnasari , Pradana Muhammad Sungging , Batati Nadiah Al , Pratiwi Esti Rizkiana 
Published: November 2023

Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is one of the herbal plants that is rich in benefits, especially as a herbal medicines. Besides of lime fruit, lime peel also has antibacterial properties such as essential oils which contain flavonoids which can inhibit bacterial growth. This research utilizes lime peel which will be extracted as a test material. The purpose of this research is to determine the antibacterial potential of lime peel extract against Vibrio sp. at various concentrations. This research used the well-diffusion method using MHA as a test medium to determine whether lime peel extract can inhibit the growth of Vibrio sp. Various concentrations and penicillin as a positive control used in this research to determine which concentration has a greatest potential for inhibiting the growth of Vibrio sp. Result of this study used qualitative analysis by comparing the clear zone size produced on the medium. The obtained result shown that 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% concentration of lime peel can forming a clear zone which mean they can inhibit the growth of Vibrio sp. The best concentration used to inhibit Vibrio sp. is 100% concentration which produce 23.7 mm clear zone on MHA medium. Lime peel extract can be used to inhibit Vibrio sp. growth based on the research result.
Perbandingan Metode Membran Filter dan Metode Tabung Ganda Terhadap Kandungan Escherichia coli pada Air Bersih
Authors: Azkhiyati Lathifa , Herawati Dheasy , Santoso Setyo Dwi , Pratiwi Esti Rizkiana , Suryani Elsa Mega 
Published: November 2023

Escherichia coli bacteria are bacteria used as indicators of contamination. Bacteriological water testing can use a Membrane Filtration (MF) and a Multiple Tube-Fermentation (MTF). This study aims to compare the membrane filtration and Multiple Tube-Fermentation methods on the presence of Escherichia coli in clean water. The two methods are compared to determine the percentage difference in the results of the two tests. The research methodology uses a description of observation. 20 samples of water boreholes were used and tested for the presence of Escherichia coli. Calculation of bacterial groups uses SNI standard references regulated by the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. The results showed that the average number of Escherichia coli bacteria by the Multiple Tube-Fermentation method was less than the Membrane Filtration method. There is a difference in the percentage of the results of the two tests by 40%. Multiple Tube Fermentation is more sensitive than the Membrane Filtration method for detecting the presence of Escherichia coli in clean water.Keywords : Water, Escherichia coli, Membrane filtration, Multiple tube-fermentation
EVALUASI HAPUSAN DARAH TEPI DARAH K3EDTA SEGERA DI PERIKSA DAN DI TUNDA 24 JAM DALAM SUHU 2-8C
Authors: Ersanto Novi , Infantria Adinda Dika , Sundari Titik , Mandasari Andita Ayu , Yusmiati Siti Nur Husnul 
Published: November 2023

Since specimen collection, preanalytical factors such as time and temperature could affect the peripheral blood smear morphology of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes. Delays are often caused by the limited number of medical personnel so work is not properly organized. This research is an observational qualitative descriptive study to determine the morphology of blood smears immediately checked and delay 24 hours at 2-8 ?. This study aims to determine the evaluation of K3EDTA venous peripheral blood smears immediately checked and delayed 24 hours at 2-8?. From 25 K3EDTA blood samples of Maarif Hasyim Latif Sidoarjo University students, it was found that there were no changes in the morphology of erythrocytes and platelets. Meanwhile, in leukocyte cells, changes occur in the neutrophil segment and stab granules, which is the granules fade, and the leukocyte nuclei can still be identified properly, so that do not affect the examination results. In conclusion, the Evaluation of the K3EDTA Peripheral Blood Smear was immediately checked and delay 24 Hours at the temperature of 2-8 ? has no change, which is still within normal limits. Keywords : Blood Smear, Delayed, K3EDTA, Immediately checked
ATUAÇÃO DO CIRURGIÃO DENTISTA NO TRATAMENTO DE PACIENTES COM CÂNCER NO BRASIL- DE 2013 À 2023
Authors: Peixôto Lara Sérgio Bittencourt , Gomes Jéssica de Oliveira 
Published: November 2023

O presente estudo visa apresentar evidências sobre A atuação do cirurgião dentista no tratamento de pacientes com câncer no Brasil, de 2013 a 2023. O problema abordado será: Qual o papel do cirurgião dentista no tratamento de pacientes oncológicos? Nesse âmbito, apresentará objetivo geral de analisar o papel do cirurgião dentista frente aos pacientes com câncer, bem como a sua atuação frente impactos causados pelo tratamento, e como podem ser minimizados. Com objetivos específicos: Contextualizar a importância do cirurgião dentista durante a terapia de cabeça e pescoço; Compreender os efeitos do diagnóstico precoce do câncer; Apresentar as características clínicas que auxiliam no diagnóstico diferencial primário e cuidados paliativos. Nesse segmento, a metodologia dar-se a partir de pesquisas bibliográficas, abordagem qualitativa, documental, artigos e literatura no que tange ao assunto. Dessa forma, espera-se com a pesquisa que seja desenvolvida a abordagem da inclusão do CD frente aos pacientes oncológicos, bem como equipe multidisciplinar, comprovando a sua eficácia antes, durante e após o tratamento. Assim, informar aos leitores e ouvintes, a partir dos dados que serão abordados, o papel do cirurgião dentista nesse cenário e a importância da sua atuação mediante aos pacientes oncológicos.
Derivation and compilation of lower-atmospheric properties relating to temperature, wind, stability, moisture, and surface radiation budget over the central Arctic sea ice during MOSAiC
Authors: Jozef Gina C. , Klingel Robert , Cassano John J. , Maronga Björn , de Boer Gijs , Dahlke Sandro , Cox Christopher J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric measurements taken over the span of an entire year between October 2019 and September 2020 during the icebreaker-based Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition provide insight into processes acting in the Arctic atmosphere. Through the merging of disparate yet complementary in situ observations, we can derive information about these thermodynamic and kinematic processes with great detail. This paper describes methods used to create a lower-atmospheric properties dataset containing information on several key features relating to the central Arctic atmospheric boundary layer, including properties of temperature inversions, low-level jets, near-surface meteorological conditions, cloud cover, and the surface radiation budget. The lower-atmospheric properties dataset was developed using observations from radiosondes launched at least four times per day, a 10 m meteorological tower and radiation station deployed on the sea ice near the research vessel Polarstern, and a ceilometer located on the deck of the Polarstern. This lower-atmospheric properties dataset, which can be found at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.957760 (Jozef et al., 2023), contains metrics which fall into the overarching categories of temperature, wind, stability, clouds, and radiation at the time of each radiosonde launch. The purpose of the lower-atmospheric properties dataset is to provide a consistent description of general atmospheric boundary layer conditions throughout the MOSAiC year, which can aid in research applications with the overall goal of gaining a greater understanding of the atmospheric processes governing the central Arctic and how they may contribute to future climate change.
Implementation of a satellite-based tool for the quantification of CH4 emissions over Europe (AUMIA v1.0) – Part 1: forward modelling evaluation against near-surface and satellite data
Authors: Vara-Vela Angel Liduvino , Karoff Christoffer , Rojas Benavente Noelia , Nascimento Janaina P. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Methane is the second-most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and accounts for around 10 % of total European Union greenhouse gas emissions. Given that the atmospheric methane budget over a region depends on its terrestrial and aquatic methane sources, inverse modelling techniques appear as powerful tools for identifying critical areas that can later be submitted to emission mitigation strategies. In this regard, an inverse modelling system of methane emissions for Europe is being implemented based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model: the Aarhus University Methane Inversion Algorithm (AUMIA) v1.0. The forward modelling component of AUMIA consists of the WRF model coupled to a multipurpose global database of methane anthropogenic emissions. To assure transport consistency during the inversion process, the backward modelling component will be based on the WRF model coupled to a Lagrangian particle dispersion module. A description of the modelling tools, input data sets, and 1-year forward modelling evaluation from 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019 is provided in this paper. The a posteriori methane emission estimates, including a more focused inverse modelling for Denmark, will be provided in a second paper. A good general agreement is found between the modelling results and observations based on the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) onboard the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite. Model–observation discrepancies for the summer peak season are in line with previous studies conducted over urban areas in central Europe, with relative differences between simulated concentrations and observational data in this study ranging from 1 % to 2 %. Domain-wide correlation coefficients and root-mean-square errors for summer months ranged from 0.4 to 0.5 and from 27 to 30 ppb, respectively. On the other hand, model–observation discrepancies for winter months show a significant overestimation of anthropogenic emissions over the study region, with relative differences ranging from 2 % to 3 %. Domain-wide correlation coefficients and root-mean-square errors in this case ranged from 0.1 to 0.4 and from 33 to 50 ppb, respectively, indicating that a more refined inverse analysis assessment will be required for this season. According to modelling results, the methane enhancement above the background concentrations came almost entirely from anthropogenic sources; however, these sources contributed with only up to 2 % to the methane total-column concentration. Contributions from natural sources (wetlands and termites) and biomass burning were not relevant during the study period. The results found in this study contribute with a new model evaluation of methane concentrations over Europe and demonstrate a huge potential for methane inverse modelling using improved TROPOMI products in large-scale applications.
Dzieje duszpasterstwa polskiego nad Bosforem
Authors: Reychman Jan 
Published: November 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu są dzieje opieki duszpasterskiej wśród Polaków nad Złotym Rogiem. Opieka ta polegała przede wszystkim na stałej obecności kapłanów polskich, bądź na krótkim pobycie polskich księży i zakonników wśród rodaków mieszkających nad Bosforem. Inną formy pomocy religijnej była posługa kapelanów towarzyszącym formacjom wojskowych, pielgrzymom w czasie podróży w drodze do Ziemi Świętej i podczas pobytu nad Złotym Rogiem.
Ks. Aleksander Bastrzykowski (1879-1958)
Authors: Wójcik Walenty 
Published: November 2023

Historia regionalna jest dziedziną, która nieustannie się rozwija. Jej znaczenie dla uświadamiania i podnoszenia moralności społeczeństwa docenia się dziś coraz więcej. W tej dziedzinie nieodzowna jest pomoc historyków-amatorów, pracujących w danym terenie oraz mających zamiłowanie i warunki do badań historycznych. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie postaci kapłana Aleksandra Bastrzykowskiego, który z pracą duszpasterską łączył badania historyczne. Oceniając publikacje ks. Bastrzykowskiego recenzenci podkreślali umiłowanie przeszłości i pietyzm dla pamiątek. Jego monografie można nazwać zbiorem wiadomości historycznych i po części bieżących, mozolnie nagromadzonych i wiernie w pewnym porządku podanych. W swoich publikacjach dążył on do spokojnej opowieści o dawnych czasach. Do tekstu artykułu dołączono bibliografię drukowanych prac ks. Aleksandra Bastrzykowskiego.