bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterisation of zinc yellow pigment for low temperature ceramic glaze – Part II: the effects of reaction temperature and thermal treatment
Authors: Aghababzadeh R. , Mirhabibi A.R. , Bastami H. , Taheri‐Nassaj E.T. , Lin L. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo investigate the effects of the temperature of synthesis and of the thermal treatment of zinc chromate on the properties of the zinc chromate pigments.Design/methodology/approachZinc chromate pigments was prepared using zinc salt solution, sodium hydroxide and potassium dichromate solutions. The reaction temperature was varied in order to evaluate the effect of the reaction temperature on the properties of the pigment synthesised. The pigment obtained was heated to 10°C above the critical temperature in order to investigate the effect of thermal treatment on the pigment properties. SEM, XRD, XFR and STA were employed for the characterisation of the pigments synthesised.FindingsReaction temperature had a significant effect on the properties of the resulting pigment. Thermal treatment of the pigment caused the decomposition of the zinc chromate phase to ZnO, ZnCr2O4 and K2CrO4 phases. The glaze containing zinc chromate had satisfactory colour characteristics.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focused on the preparation and evaluation of zinc chromate as a substitute for praseodymium zircon in glaze. The study could be extended to investigation of similar inorganic pigment for similar purposes.Practical implicationsThe information on the effects of the reaction temperature of pigment synthesis and of thermal treatment of the pigment is useful for industrial production of the pigment of satisfactory properties.Originality/valueNovel use of zinc chromate as a lower‐cost substitute for praseodymium zircon in glaze and understanding of the effects of the production conditions on the properties of the resulting pigment and the glaze.
Application of complex esters in poly(vinyl chloride) plastisols and plasticats
Authors: Pavlov D.J. , Gospodinova N.N. , Glavchev I.K. , Dishovsky N.T. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo evaluate the efficiency of complex esters as plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride plastisols and plasticates.Design/methodology/approachSeveral poly(vinyl chloride) plastisols and plasticates were prepared with standard phthalate plasticizers and complex esters and were characterised using standard and laboratory methods.FindingsThe use of mixtures of three new CE with standard phthalate plasticizers increased the physical, mechanical and electric characteristics of the resulting PVCPs and PVCPl.Research limitations/implicationsThe use of three new CE, obtained by esterification of dicarboxylic acids (adipic, sebacic, pelargonic), poly(ethylene glycol) and i‐octanole, as plasticizers of poly(vinyl chloride) plastisols and plasticates was investigated. The use of CE based on other organic acids could be explored.Practical implicationsThe results confirmed the efficiency of plasticization of PVC by CE. Such a finding has significant industrial implication.Originality/valueSeveral findings are original and are of importance to relevant industry. The new CE with high molecular weights were effective plasticizers of PVC. The efficiency of the plasticizers depended on their chemical structure. The molecular weight of the CE had no influence on the compatibility of plasticizers and other components of the PVC plastisols and plasticates.
Characteristics of the international joint ventures in Bulgaria (1989‐2003)
Authors: Marangozov Iavor 
Published: June 2005

PurposeIn response to the need of new knowledge about the international joint venture (IJV), the purpose of this study presents an analysis of the basic characteristics of these IJVs and their variation of characteristics depending on the nationality of the foreign partners, coming from three regions: Triad countries (USA, Western Europe and Japan); non‐Triad countries; and a mixed region, encompassing combinations of partners from the above two regions.Design/methodology/approachThe advantage of the study is the use of official data from the database, established in cooperation between the author and the National Statistical Institute, on the entire non‐homogeneous population of 722 IJVs in the 1989‐2003 period.FindingsThe generalized results of the study confirm the existence of common trends and trends diverging from those registered in previous studies both on the conventional IJV, set up by foreign and local partners, and on the non‐conventional IJV, formed by foreign partners alone.Research limitations/implicationsNotwithstanding the generalized results obtained, owing to the coverage of the entire population of IJVs, future studies regarding their characteristics in Bulgaria should have not only structural, but also motivational and outcome variables superimposed.Practical implicationsThe research can serve for international comparative studies and for the elaboration of national and European Union policies regarding the creation of official databases on the IJVs.Originality/valueWith the presentation of new knowledge both on the conventional and on the non‐conventional IJVs, the present study extends and supplements the theme regarding the characteristics of the IJVs.
Loyalty transfer from offline to online stores in the UK grocery industry
Authors: Rafiq Mohammed , Fulford Heather 
Published: June 2005

PurposeAims to examine the effectiveness of UK supermarkets in transferring store loyalty to online loyalty.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey of university staff is used to test both the brand equity proposition that loyal customers are more likely to adopt brand extensions, and the double jeopardy model's prediction that market leaders benefit disproportionately from loyalty transference.FindingsThe study provides support for the brand equity and double jeopardy propositions. Tesco's and Sainsbury's dominance of both the online and offline markets, coupled with their retention indices of 92 per cent (Tesco) and 76 per cent (Sainsbury's), support the brand equity view. Tesco also attracts a disproportionately higher percentage of its customers from competitors (67 per cent) compared with Sainsbury's (14 per cent), suggesting that it is benefiting from its market leadership position, as predicted by the double jeopardy model.Research limitations/implicationsThe relatively small size and restricted nature of the sample means that the exploratory findings now need to be investigated more rigorously. A larger sample would permit a more detailed exploration of the relationships between the different aspects of online loyalty.Practical implicationsThe research suggests that smaller retail brands have two main options, namely growing the size of the brand or building a niche brand. For a market leader the challenge is to become a “super‐loyalty brand”. That is, to achieve levels of loyalty higher than predicted by the double jeopardy effect, either through segmentation or through better service provision than that of competitors.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine transferability of store loyalty to online loyalty and demonstrate the usefulness of the brand equity and double jeopardy models for understanding and predicting loyalty transfer behaviour.
The role of resource commitment and innovation in reverse logistics performance
Authors: Glenn Richey R. , Genchev Stefan E. , Daugherty Patricia J. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeAims to provide empirical evidence of the relationships between and among reverse logistics, resource commitment, and innovation.Design/methodology/approachMail surveys were sent to members of the Automobile Aftermarket Industry Association, a large trade association. Factor level results followed by between‐item results, as typically reported in general linear modeling and mediated regression, are developed using a split sample methodology. Ultimately, Resource‐Advantage Theory provided the framework for examining the impact of developing innovative reverse logistics‐related dynamic capabilities.FindingsResource commitment makes reverse logistics programs more efficient and more effective. However, the resources must be used in such a manner as to develop innovative capabilities/approaches to handling returns. Resource commitment was not found to be significantly related to innovation in reverse logistics at smaller firms. This is likely to be related to the level of resources available. Larger firms can commit greater resources and, thus, enjoy superior performance compared with smaller firms in the survey group.Research limitations/implicationsThe focus is somewhat narrow. New research should extend beyond the one industry examined. Future research should also expand to include more members of the supply chain and employ methods that allow examination of network relationships.Practical implicationsReverse logistics deserves special attention in terms of resource commitment. Resources related to labor, i.e. allocating sufficient personnel to reverse logistics programs, are especially critical. Innovation in reverse logistics programs was found to be related to operational service quality at both small and large firms.Originality/valueThe research provides empirical evidence of the relationships between resource commitment and innovation – and how reverse logistics program performance is influenced. This has important implications with respect to customer relations. It can also be used to provide rationale for securing adequate resource commitment for reverse logistics programs.
Heat transfer characteristics of a rectangular natural circulation loop containing solid‐liquid phase‐change material suspensions
Authors: Ho C.J. , Chiu S.Y. , Lin J.F. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo examine the heat transfer characteristics of soild‐liquid phase change material (PCM) suspensions in a rectangular natural circulation loop.Design/methodology/approachA continuum mixture flow model is used for the buoyancy‐driven circulation flow of the PCM suspensions together with an approximate enthalpy model to describe the solid‐liquid phase change (melting/freezing) process of the PC particles in the loop. Numerical simulations via a finite difference method have been conducted for the pertinent physical parameters of a loop with fixed geometrical configuration in the following ranges: the modified Rayleigh number Ra*=109‐1013, the modified Stefan number Ste*=0.05‐0.5, the particle volumetric fraction Cv=0‐20 percent and the modified subcooling factor Sb*=0‐2.0.FindingsThe melting/freezing processes of the PCM particles at the heated/cooled sections of the loop are closely interrelated in their inlet conditions of the suspension. The influences of the modified Rayleigh number, the particle fraction, the modified Stefan number, and the modified subcooling factor on the heat transfer behavior, as well as the thermal efficacy of the PCM suspensions are elucidated. There could be a flow regime in the parametirc domain where heat transfer performance of the suspension circulation loop is significantly enhanced, due to contribution of the latent heat transport associated with melting/freezing of PCM particles.Research limitations/implicationsFuture work to address effects of the geometric parameters such as the aspect ratio; the lengths and locations of, as well as the relative height between the heated and cooled sections is definitely needed, which are necessary steps towards developing more reliable predictive tools for system design of a circulation loop containing PCM suspension.Originality/valueThis work has explored the feasibility and quantified the efficacy of incorporating the PC suspensions as the heat transfer enhancement medium in a natural circulation loop, which has not been examined previously.
Conjugate turbulent forced convection in a channel with an array of ribs
Authors: Hsieh K.J. , Lien F.S. 
Published: June 2005

PurposePerformance of various k‐ε models on turbulent forced convection in a channel with periodic ribs is assessed.Design/methodology/approachThe influence of the Yap correction and the non‐linear stress‐strain relation on the predictions of mean‐flow, turbulence quantities and local heat transfer rate is examined. The effect of thermal boundary conditions on the heat transfer predictions is investigated by employing both the prescribed heat flux approach and the conjugate heat transfer approach.FindingsIt was found that the inclusion of the Yap correction in the ε‐equation significantly improves the predictions of mean velocity and wall heat transfer for both high‐Reynolds number and low‐Reynolds number k‐ε models in the present ribbed channel flow with massive flow separation. The employment of the non‐linear stress‐strain relation only marginally improves the predictions of turbulence quantities: the turbulence anisotropy is reproduced although the level of turbulence intensity is still too low. In general, the conjugate heat transfer approach predicts better average Nusselt number than the prescribed heat flux approach. However, both approaches under‐predict the experimental value by about 28‐33 percent when the low‐Reynolds number k‐ε model of Lien and Leschziner (1999) with the Yap term is adopted.Originality/valueThorough numerical treatments of the thermal boundary conditions at the solid‐liquid interface, and detailed periodic condition in the periodic regime, were given in the paper to benefit researchers interested in solving similar problems.
Heat transfer analysis of EDM process on silicon carbide
Authors: Mahdavinejad RamezanAli , Tolouei‐Rad Majid , Sharifi‐Bidgoli Hassan 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThe purpose of the research is to analyze instability in ED machining of silicon carbide (SiC) due to heat generation in the workpiece body. The results can be used in selecting a convenient machining set up.Design/methodology/approachVarious researches (1978‐2002) have shown the importance of SiC industrial applications in many branches of technology. Instability process in EDM as a very good candidate for SiC machining is still a serious problem. Joule heating generation in SiC body due to its very high electrical resistivity is a very important point, which needs to be considered. From this point of view, the machining set up can be optimized.FindingsThe results of this research provide consideration of some factors to prevent against heat loss and voltage drop in SiC body during ED machining process. This leads the process to be more stable.Originality/valueAccording to the results of this research, Joule heating due to the voltage drop in SiC body is a main factor in ED machining of this material. Therefore, some techniques as voltage injection are recommended.
Perceptions of and about women as managers: investigating job involvement, self‐esteem and attitudes
Authors: Cortis Rachelle , Cassar Vincent 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo investigate specific barriers that might be hindering Maltese women from achieving a managerial position.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on research by Cromie. Barriers are classified into two main categories; internal and external barriers. Job‐involvement and work‐based self‐esteem are considered to be internal barriers, whereas attitudes towards women in management are considered to be external barriers. The total population was 200, consisting of male and female middle managers, female and male employees and B. Commerce students.FindingsResults indicate no differences between job involvement and work‐based self‐esteem of male and female managers. On the other hand, both male employees and students seem to hold more stereotypical attitudes towards women in management than their female counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsOne of the basic limitations of this study was the sample size since small samples make it difficult to generalize. Further research may focus on two main areas. First, it would be useful to have qualitative research on the work experiences of female managers to further investigate the various factors that have helped and hindered women thorough their career advancement. Secondly, research on corporate climate can be helpful in identifying organizational practices that might be blocking female career prospects. Finally, a study considering how attitudes can be reshaped through the educational system and through the use of the media can also help to reduce gender stereotypes.Practical implicationsThis study indicates that women often have to face several attitudinal barriers, which in turn may explain the lack of female participation in managerial occupations. A change in organizational policies can help women to overcome these barriers.Originality/valueThis paper confirms that, as in several countries, Maltese women are facing several barriers, which are hindering their career prospects. It also highlights the important role of organizations in reducing workplace barriers.
Backing into change
Authors: Abeles Tom P. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeThis paper aims to alert readers to issues that may be overlooked in assessing fundamental changes in the post‐secondary arena.Design/methodology/approachPosits that the internet changes the nature of the university as fundamentally as one saw when the Bible was published on the movable type press.FindingsOpen access courses and journals put knowledge into the Socratic Agora, changing the roles of faculty as both educators and researchers. Since knowledge is available with the click of a mouse, the linear Kindergarten to Bachelor's curriculum has been deconstructed and integrated with work and play since age is not a barrier to access. Also, few may opt for a hand‐crafted, packaged, on‐campus experience. As the current faculty, cyber immigrants, retires, the emerging cyber natives will form self‐organizing communities of interest/practice and the function of the university must be reinvented.Originality/valueThe paper is of value to administrators, policy analysts, researchers in the arena of education, funding agencies, foundations and politicians involved with educational change.
Institutional change in government: puzzles and paradoxes
Authors: Cleveland Harlan 
Published: June 2005

PurposeSeeks to outline the impact of the information society on the institutional changes taking place in the public sector.Design/methodology/approachA veteran of government outlines the impact of the information society on the institutional changes taking place in the public sector. Drawing on his extensive experience and the literature, he provides creative insights into the themes of this special issue.FindingsE‐government may prove useful in managing routine tasks, he agrees, but the highly complex, interpersonal nature of government places severe limits on the extent to which public work can be automated. With government outsourcing much of its work to private firms, and corporations required to serve the public interest, there is also a marked overlap of the public versus private domains. The old hierarchies of the past are being fragmented by information systems and the need to involve people in managing complexity, leading to “uncentralized” systems in which initiative and creativity must be exercised at all levels. And the mismatch between geographic boundaries and the criss‐crossing nature of real problems creates confusion over how governments should be organized.Originality/valueAll of these trends, the author notes, pose paradoxes that mark the distinctive features of government today.
Institutional change in health care: opportunities in the coming crisis
Authors: Peck Jonathan C. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeAims to review institutional change in health care and to look for opportunities in what the author sees as a coming crisis.Design/methodology/approachA consultant on health‐care systems reviews the forces driving transformation in medicine, including new technologies, telemedicine, and prevention.FindingsFinds forces driving transformation in medicine limited in addressing the crisis of spiraling cost and mediocre, overly complex treatment.Originality/valueConcludes that a dramatic shift in perspective is coming as baby boomers are forced to face the inevitability of death in positive terms.
Inside institutional change
Authors: White William H. 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo describe examples of institutional change to help others appreciate the difficult but crucial nature of this process.Design/methodology/approachA seasoned consultant describes, using frank, first‐hand account, examples of institutional change.FindingsShows how institutional change is often forced on organizations by shifting external forces that render old niches obsolete. Also shows the difficulty in mobilizing to confront the need for serious change, and how leadership transitions are often a central part of the change process.Originality/valueThe author points to three main lessons from this case study. Institutional change may be arduous, but it can also leave people feeling amazed at how long they tolerated the old system. The author also notes that institutional change is a natural process, proceeding with a life all its own. The author concludes with some thoughts on how to initiate this process when an organization appears ready.
Effects of evaluative criteria on fashion brand extension
Authors: Forney Judith C. , Joo Park Eun , Brandon Lynn 
Published: June 2005

PurposeTo identify dimensions of evaluative criteria used when purchasing casual apparel and casual home furnishings and to determine which evaluative criteria served as predictors of brand extension purchase behavior of these products.Design/methodology/approachA mailed self‐administered survey sent to a randomized sample of 739 female consumers residing in three metropolitan areas in a southwest state in the USA resulted in a response rate of 32.7 percent. Purchase frequency of 15 brands that extended across apparel and home furnishings and the importance of 17 evaluative criteria were measured using 7‐point Likert‐type scales. Principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation and path analysis using LISREL 8 were performed.FindingsImage, quality, color/style, and design/beauty of fashion products are important criteria when purchasing extended brands of casual apparel and home furnishings. Image of fashion products was the strongest predictor when brands were extended from apparel to home furnishings products.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was limited to female consumers living in urban areas in one state in the USA and to casual apparel and home furnishings fashion product categories.Practical implicationsSuggests retailers focus on brand or store image when extending brand from apparel to home furnishings and merchandise multiple product categories to increase sales across product categories.Originality/valueLittle research on brand extension of fashion products exists yet this is a growing strategic area of fashion product development and merchandising. This study addresses the need to examine consumer behavior associated with fashion brand extension.