bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐resolution multi‐parameter DNA flow cytometry enables detection of tumour and stromal cell subpopulations in paraffin‐embedded tissues
Authors: Corver Willem E , ter Haar Natalja T , Dreef Enno J , Miranda Noel FCC , Prins Frans A , Jordanova Ekaterina S , Cornelisse Cees J , Fleuren Gert Jan 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe accuracy of DNA ploidy measurements of paraffin‐embedded tissues is limited by the lack of resolution and the inability to identify the DNA diploid population unequivocally in bimodal DNA histograms. A multi‐parameter DNA flow cytometric method has been developed that enables the simultaneous detection of neoplastic and stromal cells in samples from dewaxed 50 µm sections or 2 mm diameter punches of archival tissue blocks. The method combines heat pretreatment in sodium citrate buffer and subsequent enzymatic dissociation with a collagenase/dispase mixture. Cells were simultaneously stained for keratin (FITC), vimentin (R‐PE), and DNA (PI) before flow cytometric analysis. The method was applied to 12 paraffin‐embedded cervical carcinomas and four colorectal carcinomas. In all cervical cancers, distinct keratin‐positive and vimentin‐positive cell populations were observed. While the exclusive vimentin‐positive cell fractions always yielded unimodal DNA content distributions, bimodal distributions were observed for the keratin‐positive cell fractions in nine cervical carcinomas, whereas one cervical carcinoma showed three distinct G0G1 populations. Coefficients of variation of the G0G1 peaks ranged from 1.70% to 4.79%. Average background, aggregate, and debris values were 14.7% (vimentin‐positive fraction) and 33.8% (keratin‐positive fraction). Flow sorting confirmed that the exclusively vimentin‐positive cell fractions represent different normal stromal and infiltrate cells that can serve as an internal ploidy reference enabling discrimination between DNA hypo‐diploid and DNA hyper‐diploid tumour cell subpopulations. The neoplastic origin of the keratin–vimentin co‐expressing cells from two cervical carcinomas was confirmed by genotyping of flow‐sorted samples revealing loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of 6p. This improved method obviates the need for fresh/frozen tumour tissue for high‐resolution DNA ploidy measurements and enables the isolation of highly purified tumour subpopulations for subsequent genotyping. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polyaniline/polyimide blends as gas sensors and electrical conductivity response to CO–N2 mixtures
Authors: Watcharaphalakorn S , Ruangchuay L , Chotpattananont D , Sirivat A , Schwank J 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe effects of dopant type, doping level, polyimide (PI) content and temperature on electrical conductivity response of polyaniline (PANI) and polyaniline/polyimide (PANI/PI) blends to CO–N2 gas mixtures were systematically investigated. At the same doping level, HNO3‐doped PANI has a greater electrical conductivity response and sensitivity towards CO than that of camphor sulfonic acid (CSA)‐doped PANI because the former has a more ordered structure. The interaction mechanism between CO and PANI is proposed to occur at the attack site, N̈H or the amine nitrogen where CO withdraws an electron. Addition of PI causes a small change in electrical conductivity under atmospheric conditions when PI content is below the percolation threshold value of 55 wt%. Addition of PI reduces brittleness and improves electrical conductivity sensitivity towards CO; the effect is more pronounced at higher temperatures. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation and properties of cross‐linked poly(ethylene glycol)/poly[(vinylidene fluoride)‐co‐hexafluoropropylene] interpenetrating network‐type electrolytes for secondary lithium batteries
Authors: Chung Nakyong , Kang Donghoon , Kim Dukjoon 
Published: April 2005

AbstractCross‐linked poly(ethylene glycol)/poly[(vinylidene fluoride)‐co‐hexafluoropropylene] (XPEG/PVDF–HFP) gel‐type polymer electrolyte interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were prepared by cross‐linking the PEG molecules in the presence of PVDF–HFP molecules. Thermal, mechanical, swelling and electrochemical properties, as well as microstructures of the prepared polymer electrolytes, were investigated for various polymer compositions. The mechanical strength increased, but the swelling ratio in electrolyte solution decreased with increasing PVDF–HFP content. The ion conductivity was highly affected by the type of electrolyte salt, and increased with increasing XPEG concentration. The Arrhenius‐type relationship was observed in the temperature dependence of ion conductivity. The polymer electrolyte systems prepared in this study were electrochemically stable up to about 5 V. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Exploration of high‐resolution ultrasonic spectroscopy as an analytical tool to study demixing and remixing in poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide)/water solutions
Authors: Van Durme Kurt , Delellio Laureen , Kudryashov Evgeny , Buckin Vitaly , Van Mele Bruno 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe ultrasonic properties of poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM)/water solutions, determined with high‐resolution ultrasonic spectroscopy (HR‐US), change during demixing and remixing. All HR‐US measurements are discussed with respect to modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry results. The lower critical solution temperature type of phase behavior, in combination with the glass‐transition/composition curve of PNIPAM/water, determines the evolution of the ultrasonic signals. Three different temperature regions can be distinguished: a homogeneous region and a heterogeneous region, the latter subdivided into zones without and with interference of partial vitrification of the PNIPAM‐rich phase. During phase separation, the ultrasonic velocity decreases because of a change in the hydration structure around the polymer chains, whereas the ultrasonic attenuation increases as aggregation sets in. Isothermal measurements clearly show time dependence for both the velocity and the attenuation. The observed timescales are different and can be related to a changing polymer/water interphase and aggregate formation, respectively. Partial vitrification of the PNIPAM‐rich phase slows the demixing kinetics and especially the remixing kinetics. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1283–1295, 2005
Field experiments for the evaluation of pesticide spray‐drift on arable crops
Authors: Ravier Isabelle , Haouisee Emmanuelle , Clément Michel , Seux René , Briand Olivier 
Published: April 2005

AbstractTwo distinct approaches were used to characterise spray‐drift during the application of atrazine and alachlor to a maize crop. The first consisted in determining the quantities which did not reach their target. A first experiment was carried in 2001 to improve the sampling method. A second experiment in 2002 showed that losses represented 46 and 38% for atrazine and alachlor, respectively. The second approach was to follow the spatiotemporal evolution of the cloud formed during application. The concentrations observed near the application zone during spraying reached 4.5 µg m−3 for atrazine and 8.5 µg m−3 for alachlor. With alachlor these concentrations decreased rapidly when increasing distance from the plot or time following treatment, whereas in the case of atrazine they stabilised rapidly (between 0.5 and 0.3 µg m−3) both in space and in time. Deposits around the plot were light and slightly higher for alachlor (from 20 to 130 µg m−2). Alachlor was more rapidly diluted in space than atrazine, reflecting a differentiated evolution of physical form during the process. Alachlor, being more volatile than atrazine, is quickly transferred to the gaseous phase which was more rapidly dispersed than aerosols. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Composite nature of the self‐trapped exciton luminescence in PbWO4
Authors: Itoh Minoru , Sakurai Takaaki 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe blue luminescence from a self‐trapped exciton (STE) in PbWO4 is studied by means of time‐resolved spectroscopy in the temperature range of 77–300 K. The result clearly reveals that the STE luminescence consists of three bands peaking at 407, 425, and 450 nm. Such a composite nature indicates the importance of the Jahn–Teller effect on the lowest triplet STE states at the tetrahedral (WO4)2− complex anion. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
QSAR study of estrogens with the help of PM3‐based descriptors
Authors: Pasha F. A. , Srivastava H. K. , Singh P. P. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractQuantum chemical descriptors (ϵHOMO, ϵLUMO, absolute hardness, global softness, chemical potential, and electronegativity) and energy descriptors (Qmin, ΔH, ET, and EE) based QSAR study of estrogen derivatives was made with the help of PM3 calculations on WinMOPAC 7.21 software. The observed RBA values of estrogens were taken from the literature. QSAR models were made using different quantum chemical and energy descriptors with the help of multiple linear regression analysis. Regression models indicate that absolute hardness in combination with different energy descriptors provide better correlation between observed relative binding affinity (RBA) and predicted relative binding affinity (PA). Regression models for other quantum chemical descriptors with energy descriptors are not as clear as in the case of absolute hardness. Hardness provides a better picture due to the maximum hardness principle and can be used as a QSAR model for predicting the biological activity of any compound. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Energy decomposition scheme for combined ab initio quantum mechanical / molecular mechanical methods
Authors: Berente Imre , Náray‐Szabó Gábor 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA new energy decomposition scheme is presented which paves the way toward the accurate and simple treatment of boundary atoms in combined ab initio quantum mechanical / molecular mechanical methods. We extend the wave function beyond the quantum region to a few atoms of the molecular mechanical region, which are linked directly to boundary atoms. Furthermore, we apply an approximate decomposition scheme, which allows calculating the total energy in terms of one‐center atomic contributions. Comparisons with reference ab initio calculations are made, and good agreement is obtained for geometry parameters referring to CC, CC, and CX (XO, S, N) bonds at the boundary, as well as for the rotational energy curve ofn‐butane. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Using an interval branch‐and‐bound algorithm in the Hartree–Fock method
Authors: Lavor Carlile C. , Cardozo Thiago Messias , Chaer Nascimento Marco Antonio 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe Hartree–Fock (HF) method is widely used to obtain atomic and molecular electronic wave functions, based on the minimization of a functional of the energy. We propose to use a deterministic global optimization algorithm, based on a branch‐and‐bound method, that applies techniques of interval arithmetic. This algorithm is applied directly to the minimization of the energy expression derived from the HF method. The proposed approach was successfully applied to the ground state of He and Be atoms. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Attitudes of high school students toward carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis
Authors: Durfy Sharon J. , Page Andrea , Eng Barry , Chang Patricia L. , Waye John S. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe identification of the common mutations of the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator gene has made it feasible to consider population‐based CF carrier screening. However, the demand for such programs will depend largely on the attitudes and perceptions of the general public toward genetic testing. As part of a high school science project, we initiated studies to determine the attitudes of high school students toward carrier screening for CF and other genetic disorders. From a class of 120 biology students, 101 consented to participate in the study. Most of the students were of European ancestry and there were no known family histories of CF. Buccal swabs were obtained for PCR amplification and heteroduplex detection of the most common CF mutation (ΔF508). The students and their corresponding buccal swabs were assigned random numbers and the results were kept confidential unless the student requested his/her test result. A questionnaire was used to assess the students' attitudes toward carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis. This questionnaire was given both before testing and after the class was informed that three individuals were carriers of the ΔF508 mutation. Overall, the data indicate that high school students are receptive to the concepts of carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis. However, their attitudes changed considerably when informed of the possibility that they might actually be a ΔF508 carrier, with marked increases in the level of indecision. At the conclusion of the study, very few students (5/101) requested information about their ΔF508 carrier status.
The Amish: Perceptions of genetic disorders and services
Authors: Brensinger Jill D. , Laxova Renata 
Published: April 2005

AbstractPrevious studies of the closed Amish population have proven to be valuable in the field of genetics, however they have not explored the Amish parents' opinions and attitudes concerning genetic conditions and services. This exploration is necessary in order to provide culturally sensitive health care to a population at an increased risk for certain genetic conditions. The purpose of the present study was to examine the Amish population's general knowledge of genetic disorders, services, and the terminology used in describing inherited conditions, as well as their attitudes toward medical care and ethical and reproductive issues. Information was obtained from 17 Amish families, 12 who had an incidence of a genetic condition and five who had one or more children with other special health care needs, during personal interviews conducted in their homes in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Results of the interviews showed that the birth of an affected child did not deter subsequent reproduction, that the majority of the parents were never offered genetic counseling or prenatal testing, and that the parents are interested in understanding the cause of their children's problems and recurrence risks.
Propolis solution for the treatment of chronic vaginitis
Authors: Imhof M. , Lipovac M. , Kurz Ch. , Barta J. , Verhoeven H.C. , Huber J.C. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of 5% propolis solution in recurrent vaginitis.MethodFifty‐four patients with recurrent vaginal infections having undergone at least one cycle of antibiotic treatment were instructed to apply a 5% aqueous propolis solution as a vaginal douche for seven days. Vaginal smears and specific symptoms were evaluated at baseline and 14 days after treatment. Long‐term well‐being was assessed by telephone interview six months after follow‐up.ResultAt the follow‐up, the vaginal smears of 41 patients (75.9%) had improved. Forty‐seven patients (87%) reported reliefs concerning at least one complaint. Associated improvement of smear and well‐being was observed in 36 women (66.7%). After 6 months, 33 patients (61.1%) were satisfied with their condition without having undergone further treatment.ConclusionPropolis may have a role as an alternative treatment for chronic vaginal infection.
Gemcitabine inhibits viability, growth, and metastasis of osteosarcoma cell lines
Authors: Ando Takashi , Ichikawa Jiro , Okamoto Atsushi , Tasaka Kachio , Nakao Atsuhito , Hamada Yoshiki 
Published: April 2005

AbstractGemcitabine (dFdCyd) is an analog of cytosine arabinoside with anti‐tumor activity in several human cancers. However, the efficacy of this compound in osteosarcoma has not been fully elucidated. Here we assessed the anti‐tumor activity of gemcitabine using osteosarcome cell lines. In 9 human osteosarcoma cell lines (G292, HOS, MG63, NY, SaOS, HuO, HuO‐3N1, HuO9, HuO9‐N2), gemcitabine at the doses of > 100 nM showed significant cytotoxicity. In HOS and MG63 cell lines, gemcitabine inhibited DNA synthesis as determined by IdU labeling assay and induced apoptosis as determined by DNA fragmentation assay and May‐Giemsa staining. In C3H mice inoculated s.c. with a murine osteosarcoma cell line, LM8, treatment of the mice with gemcitabine showed reduced size of the primary tumor associated with increased apoptotic cells and a virtual absence of metastatic lesions in the lung. Gemcitabine thus had anti‐tumor activity on osteosarcoma cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. The result would provide a cellular basis for application of gemcitabine to patients with osteosarcoma. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The effects of short‐term load duration on anabolic and catabolic gene expression in the rat tail intervertebral disc
Authors: Maclean Jeffery J. , Lee Cynthia R. , Alini Mauro , Iatridis James C. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe goal of this study was to determine the time‐dependent response of the intervertebral disc cells to in vivo dynamic compression. Forty‐seven skeletally mature Wistar rats (>12 months old) were instrumented with an Ilizarov‐type device spanning caudal disc 8–9. Using a load magnitude (1 MPa) and frequency (1.0 Hz) that were previously shown to significantly alter mRNA levels in the disc, the effects of 0.5 and 4 h of loading were investigated and compared to a sham group and our previous 2 h results. Annulus and nucleus tissue of loaded (c8–9) and internal control discs (c6–7 and c10–11) were separately analyzed by real‐time RT‐PCR for levels of mRNA coding for various anabolic (collagen‐1A1, collagen‐2A1, aggrecan) and catabolic (MMP‐3, MMP‐13, ADAMTs‐4) proteins. In the annulus, mRNA levels increased for Collagen types I & II, and MMP 3 & 13 with increasing load duration. In contrast, the nucleus had the largest increases in aggrecan, ADAMTs‐4, MMP‐3 and MMP‐13 after 2 h of loading, with aggrecan and MMP‐13 mRNA levels returning to control values after 4 h of loading. Taken in context with our previous studies, we conclude that intervertebral disc cells from the nucleus and annulus have distinct responses to dynamic mechanical compression in vivo with sensitivity to compression magnitude, frequency and duration. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Annexin‐1 peptide Anx‐12–26 protects adult rat cardiac myocytes from cellular injury induced by simulated ischaemia
Authors: Ritchie Rebecca H , Gordon Jennifer M , Woodman Owen L , Cao Anh H , Dusting Gregory J 
Published: April 2005

The anti‐inflammatory properties of annexin‐1 peptides have been largely ascribed to their powerful antineutrophil actions in vivo. We have recently reported that the N‐terminal fragment of annexin‐1, Anx‐12–26, preserves contractile function of cardiac muscle in vitro. The aim of the present study was to determine if Anx‐12–26 elicits protective actions specifically on the cardiac myocyte (in the absence of neutrophils), using a model of metabolic inhibition to simulate ischaemia.
Metabolic inhibition of cardiac myocytes (4 h incubation at 37°C in HEPES‐containing buffer supplemented with 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose, D,L‐lactic acid and pH adjusted to 6.5) followed by 2.5 h recovery in normal medium markedly increased creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels by 179±39 and 26±7 IU L−1 (both n=40, P<0.001), respectively. However, cellular injury was significantly decreased when Anx‐12–26 (0.3 μM) was present during metabolic inhibition, CK by 74±10% and LDH by 71±6% (both n=31, P<0.001), respectively.
Boc 2 (10 μM), a nonselective formyl peptide receptor antagonist, present during metabolic inhibition, abolished the cardioprotective effect of Anx‐12–26.
Addition of chelerythrine (10 μM), 5‐hydroxydecanoate (500 μM) or SB202190 (1 μM) during metabolic inhibition also abolished Anx‐12–26‐induced cardioprotection.
Cellular injury induced by metabolic inhibition was also largely prevented when myocytes were incubated with Anx‐12–26 for 5 min with 10 min recovery prior to the insult, or when Anx‐12–26 was present only during the recovery period following drug‐free metabolic inhibition.
In conclusion, the annexin‐1 peptide Anx‐12–26 potently prevents cardiac myocyte injury induced by metabolic inhibition, an action that was dependent at least in part on the activation of the formyl peptide receptor family of G‐protein‐coupled receptors, protein kinase C, p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and ATP‐sensitive potassium channels.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 145, 495–502. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706211
Activation of cannabinoid CB2 receptor negatively regulates IL‐12p40 production in murine macrophages: role of IL‐10 and ERK1/2 kinase signaling
Authors: Correa Fernando , Mestre Leyre , Docagne Fabian , Guaza Carmen 
Published: April 2005

Cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonists have potential utility as anti‐inflammatory drugs for the treatment of many disease conditions. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the synthetic CB2 ligand, JWH‐133 on the production of interleukins (ILs), IL‐12 and IL‐10 by lipopolyssacharide (LPS) or Theiler's virus (TMEV)‐activated macrophages.
JWH‐133 evoked a concentration‐related inhibition (10 nM–5 μM) of LPS/IFN‐γ induced IL‐12p40 release. The effect of JWH‐133 (100 nM) was significantly blocked by the CB2 antagonist SR‐144528 (1 μM). Macrophages infected with TMEV increased IL‐12p40 production and activation of CB2 receptors by JWH‐133 (100 nM) inhibited it.
The inhibitory effect of JWH‐133 (100 nM) on IL‐12p40 production may involve extracellular‐regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signaling: (i) JWH‐133 induced a greater and sustained activation of ERK1/2 kinase in comparison with the level of activation observed following LPS; (ii) the inhibition of ERK1/2 by the specific inhibitor PD98059 increased LPS‐induced IL‐12p40 production in the presence or absence of JWH‐133 suggesting a negative regulation of ERK pathway on IL‐12p40 biosynthesis.
Activation of CB2 receptors by JWH‐133 (10 nM–5 μM) enhanced IL‐10 release by LPS/IFN‐γ‐activated macrophages and addition of SR144558 (1 μM) totally blocked the effect of JWH (100 nM).
Inhibition of ERK by PD98059 significantly suppressed IL‐10 production by LPS‐activated macrophages. Endogenous IL‐10 plays a modulatory role in IL‐12 production. Blocking IL‐10 with neutralizing antibody resulted in increased IL‐12p40 secretion by LPS‐activated macrophages in the absence or presence of JWH‐133. In contrast, the addition of exogenous mIL‐10 reduced the secretion of IL‐12p40 in response to LPS.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 145, 441–448. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706215