bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Intake Evaluation and Health‐related Quality of Life (HRQL) in Tuberculosis Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Qiuzhen , Ma Aiguo , Liu Yufeng , Zhao Yanxu , Guo Yumei , Zou Yue , Sun Limei , Tian Hong , Jiang Guofeng 
Published: November 2023

Nutritional status plays an important role in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes (DM). We aimed to investigate the dietary intake level including diversification and nutrients intake in TB patients with and without DM. Also, health‐related quality of life (HRQL) in this population were investigated. A total of 256 TB patients were eligible in the study and 98 of them were diagnosed of DM simultaneously. Food frequency questionnaire was used to detect the various food type and frequency, and dietary intake was collected by the method of 3‐day 24 hour dietary intake. Chinese version of the Short Form‐36 (SF‐36 v2) questionnaire was used to evaluate HRQL. We found that most TB‐DM patients had a good dietary diversification. Food type analysis showed that beans and milk intake in TB patients were lower than that in TB‐DM patients (P<0.05). Daily intake of vitamins including riboflavin, niacin, vitamin E and minerals including calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus and selenium in TB‐DM were significantly lower than the Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNIs) suggested by Chinese Nutrition Society (P<0.05). Compared with Chinese general population, TB‐DM patients had lowered scores of all the eight SF‐36 dimensions. Except for role physical (RP) and mental health (MH), the scores of TB‐DM patients were all lowered than TB patients. In conclusion, TB‐DM patients had a low daily intake of a variety of nutrients, especially vitamins and minerals, and the lowered health‐related quality of life in this population requires attention in the clinical treatment.Support or Funding InformationSupported by NSFC‐81472983.
1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 Inhibits Matrix Metalloprotease 2 Expression in Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Chae Hyesoo , Wilmanski Tomasz Maciej , Teegarden Dorothy 
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. When the tumor is localized, 99% of breast cancer patients survive five years after diagnosis. However, if the tumor has metastasized to distant secondary organs, the survival rate drastically decreases to 22%. Epidemiological and animal studies support the hypothesis that vitamin D may inhibit breast cancer metastasis, but the mechanisms remain unknown. The purpose of the present studies was to investigate the effect of the bioactive vitamin D metabolite, 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D) on expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) in MCF10CA1a breast epithelial cells. MMPs are a family of endopeptidases implicated in both cancer cell invasion and migration. First, the pattern of MMP expression in MCF10CA1a cells was investigated focusing on MMPs 1,2,3,9 and 13. MCF10CA1a cells expressed only MMP2 mRNA at a detectable level. Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D (10 nM,) reduced the expression of MMP2 by 32%±10 and 35%±7 at 2 and 5 days, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of 1,25(OH)2D on migratory capability of MCF10CA1a cells was assessed using a wound heal assay. Pretreatment with 1,25(OH)2D for 48 hours decreased cell migration by 44%±9.6 relative to vehicle. Further studies are needed to evaluate a causal link between vitamin D mediated downregulation of MMP2 and the nutrient's inhibition of breast cancer cell migration.Support or Funding InformationThis work was supported by a Project Development Team within the ICTSI NIH/NCRR (Grant Number UL1TR001108) and the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute (R25CA128770) Cancer Prevention Internship Program. Additional support was received from the Indiana Elks Charities and the SIRG grant, both administered through the Purdue University Center for Cancer Research (Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN).
In vivo and In vitro evidence of anticancer effects of Omani propolis against colon cancer
Authors: Waly Mostafa I , Al Ajimi Hajer , Al‐Lawati Hassan Talib , Guizani Nejib I , Rahman Shafiur Shafiur 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundNumerous studies have revealed that propolis has medicinal properties and acts as a biological active agent with antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anticancer properties. Known propolis types include European propolis, Brazilian green propolis, red South American propolis, and Mediterranean propolis. The Omani propolis is deferent from these known propolis types, as it reflects novel plant and resin materials collected by honeybees in Omani apiaries. It is postulated that the Omani propolis is rich in new active phenolic constituents that are not present in other well studied propolis types.ObjectiveOur study aimed to examine the protective effect of Omani propolis against oxidative stress‐mediated carcinogenesis.MethodsWater extract of Omani propolis was investigated for its anti‐cancer protective effect against azoxymethane (AOM)‐induced colon cancer in rats. Toxicology studies were conducted for all organs in the rat model. The cytotoxic effects of water extract was also investigating using Caco‐2 cell lines, human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.ResultsOur results revealed that water extract was potent in combating the azoxymethane‐mediated carcinogenesis and colonic oxidative stress in the rat model as compared to AOM group, P<0.01. There was no renal or hepatic toxicological associated with the propolis extract as compared to control group, P>0.05. Water extract had antiproliferative effects against Caco‐2 cancer cells in a time‐and dose‐dependent manner, P<0.05.ConclusionOmani propolis exerts anticancer activity against AOM‐induced colon cancer and cytotoxic effect against colonic cultured cells. It is recommended that Omani proplis extract to be used as a medicine in combination with chemotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer.
Dietary Inflammatory Index and Objective and Subjective Memory Impairments in Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Zuniga Krystle E , Fernandez Julio 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundCancer related cognitive impairment (CRCI) can have significant and persistent impacts on quality of life in cancer survivors. Recent evidence has reported cognitive impairments may be associated with increases in systemic inflammation due to cancer and its treatment. There is an increasing need to determine whether modifiable factors, such as nutrition, may reduce the risk or severity of CRCI. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the inflammatory potential of the diet and memory in breast cancer survivors (BCS) and to explore reduced inflammation as a potential mechanism by which diet influences cognitive function.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, sixty‐seven women (29 BCS; 38 controls) were recruited from the Central Texas area. BCS had to have completed primary treatment (either chemotherapy, radiotherapy or both) within the past 5 years, and controls must have had no previous cancer diagnosis. Participants completed the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery which included the list sorting working memory and picture sequence memory tests. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Cognitive Function, a validated questionnaire, was used to assess perceived cognitive impairment. Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was computed from FFQ estimated dietary intakes. Serum levels of soluble TNF receptor type II (sTNF‐RII), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) were measured by ELISA. Differences between BCS and age‐matched controls were assessed using linear mixed models, and linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between predictors and objective and subjective cognitive function.ResultsBCS performed similarly to age‐matched controls on memory tasks, but had significantly more cognitive complaints as assessed by Perceived Cognitive Impairments (p <.001), Comments from Others (p = .001) Impact on Quality of Life (p = .003) and Perceived Cognitive Abilities (p <.001) subscales. Serum sTNF‐RII, but not IL‐6 or CRP, was significantly higher in BCS. The inflammatory biomarkers were not significant predictors of objective or subjective cognitive function and were not associated with DII scores. DII did not predict objective memory performance. In BCS, higher DII, indicating a more pro‐inflammatory diet, was associated with significantly more severe impacts of pereceived cognitive impairments on quality of life (p=.035).ConclusionDII was not associated with levels of inflammatory markers or objective cognitive function in BCS. However, future research should continue to identify dietary patterns that can reduce memory complaints and support cognitive health in cancer survivors.Support or Funding InformationTexas State University Research Enhancement Program
The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor is a repressor of colorectal cancer development induced by high‐fat diet in mice.
Authors: Garcia‐Villatoro Erika L , Davidson Laurie , Callaway Evelyn , Allred Kimberly , Hensel Martha , Jayaraman Arul , Safe Stephen , Chapkin Robert , Allred Clinton D 
Published: November 2023

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in North America. A growing body of epidemiological data suggest that colon cancer risk is strongly associated with the onset of obesity. It has been shown that high‐fat diet (HFD) increases the number and function of intestinal stem cells and loss of tumor suppressor capacity, leading to the formation of colonic tumors. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand‐activated transcription factor widely expressed in the intestinal epithelium and plays a major role in toxicant metabolism and mediation of gastrointestinal function. Likewise, the AhR is activated by components of the diet and congenic mouse strains for the AhR locus have shown that the AhR is involved in diet‐induced weight gain. Studies employing global AhR null mice model have exhibited increased numbers of colorectal tumors and intestinal inflammation; conversely, treatment with AhR‐agonists reversed this process. Thus, we hypothesized that loss of AhR confined to the intestinal epithelia would enhance the formation of premalignant lesions in the presence of a high‐fat diet. AhR tissue‐specific knockout mice (intestinal epithelium) were fed a high‐fat diet (60% kcal from fat) for 23 weeks. Colon carcinogenesis was chemically induced by six injections of Azoxymethane (AOM). 17 weeks post AOM treatment, risk of colon cancer was evaluated by quantifying the number and multiplicity of premalignant lesions (aberrant crypt foci‐ACF) in the colon. Additionally, tissue gene expression levels of AhR‐dependent targets and markers known to be involved in obesity and colonic carcinogenesis were measured via RNA‐Seq analysis. Our results demonstrate that deletion of AhR in the colonic epithelia significantly (P<0.05) increased the number of pre‐neoplastic lesions (ACF) compared to wild type control. Pathological analysis confirmed unique phenotypes in hepatic and spleen tissue in the presence of HFD. Gene expression levels of AhR target genes, and biomarkers of colonic carcinogenesis were assessed. Collectively, these data demonstrate the protective role of AhR against pre‐cancerous lesions in response to a high fat diet, and its role in regulation of AhR‐targets and colonic‐associated gene expression during cancer development.Support or Funding InformationFunding provided by the NCI, NIEHS and the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas.
The Prevalence of Food Insecurity Among Pregnant Women in a Community‐based Intervention Program
Authors: Nnakwe Nweze E. 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundFood insecurity is practically a new approach and a more indicative measure of malnutrition. In Nigeria, despite various interventions in the past decades, malnutrition continues to be a serious public health problem and a contributing factor to high incidence of maternal and infant mortality. However, research studies on the frequency of food security in pregnant women especially in rural communities is limited.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of food insecurity among pregnant women who participated in a community‐based intervention program.MethodTwo hundred and forty eight pregnant women were recruited after they had enrolled in a community‐based prenatal intervention program. The participants gave oral consent to be in the study and received a note containing the name of trained nurses they contacted for debriefing. Data were collected for two years from participants who volunteered, using confidential questionnaire containing demographic characteristics. The participants also responded to a six‐question subscale out of the 18 question Food Security Module, developed by the USDA. The subscale addressed the following areas: (1) not having enough money to buy food for a balanced meal, (2) adults cutting the size of or skipping meals, (3) frequency of cutting or skipping meals, and (4) adults not eating for a whole day. Data was statistically analyzed using SPSS computer software. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between literacy level, number of children in the household and food insecurity. Pearson Chi‐square was used to evaluate the differences between food insecurity levels.ResultsTen percent of the respondents were marginally food secure, 20 % were food insecure and 70% were classified as very low food security at p<0.05. The participants who did not attend school were significantly food insecure than those had some education at p<0.001. In addition, participants with three or more children experienced more food insecurity than those with one of two children. This was statistically significant at p<0.05.ConclusionsFood insecurity is prevalent among pregnant women and it is associated with those who did not attend school and the number of children in the household.
Container Gardens to Meet Vegetable Needs During Dry Season for Reproductive Age Women and Their Children in Northern Ghana
Authors: Kubuga Clement Kubreziga , Song SuJin , Kennedy Gina , Lee Kyung Won , Song Won O. 
Published: November 2023

Food insecurity is very high in northern Ghana and the largest proportion of food insecure households is reported in Upper East region. The situation compounds high burden of malnutrition and notably endemic iron deficiency anemia which worsen during the prolonged dry season when staple nutrient‐rich vegetables (e.g. Hibiscus sabdariffa), cereals and legumes/pulse are limited. Inhabitants are largely subsistent farmers of low socioeconomic status; consume monotonous diets consisting of staple cereals, vegetables and legumes with no or little animal products. The Upper East region has a typical savannah woodland vegetation characterized by short scattered drought‐resistant trees and grass. It has two main seasons: a 7–8 mo dry season (October–April) and a 4–5 mo rainy season (May–September). We aimed to investigate the feasibility of producing widely consumed iron rich vegetables (Hibiscus sabdariffa) using container garden during the dry season to overcome limited irrigation capacity and access to land. We also investigated the feasibility of generating income to sustain the garden and purchasing micronutrient rich foods (dry fish and iodized salt). Fifty five women from a community based feeding trial were recruited in May 2016 and grouped by their respective communities for the garden containers: Sakaa (n=27) and Chania (n=28). Twenty containers/community were used for hibiscus sabdariffa production and 7 to 8 containers/community for income‐generating cabbage production. Containers were assembled in the respective community health centers and fenced. Each community had a small plastic water reservoir for water drawn from a community borehole for watering of vegetables. Groups were given training on container gardening by an experienced gardener. We demonstrated two harvesting cycles (4 wks and 8 wks) for hibiscus sabdariffa and one cycle (14 wks) for cabbage. Hibiscus was harvested by 48 kg and 46 kg in Sakaa (mean 2.3kg of hibiscus/container/cycle) and 34 kg and 33 kg in Chania (mean 1.7 kg of hibiscus/container/cycle). Cabbage heads were harvested by 75 pieces (Sakaa) and 58 pieces (Chania) for marketing to pre‐arranged buyers in food service sector and to the open markets. We found that one container is capable of providing mother‐child dyad at least 3 hibiscus meals/week and income from one container for cabbage could meet dyad's monthly needs for iodize salt and fish consumption. The results suggest that the container garden would be able to provide hibiscus sabdariffa in the dry season, provide dietary iron and income adequate enough to purchase iodized salt and dry fish.Support or Funding InformationThis study has been conducted with financial support from Michigan State University's Global Center for Food Systems Innovation (GCFSI) and Borlaug Higher Education for Agricultural Research and Development (BHEARD).
Association of Food insecurity and the nutritional status of Mexican mother‐child pairs
Authors: Shamah‐Levy Teresa , Mundo‐Rosas Verónica , Morales‐Ruan Carmen , Cuevas‐Nasu Lucia , Gómez–Humarán Ignacio Méndez , Pérez‐Escamilla Rafael 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundHousehold Food Insecurity (HFI) has been associated with overweight mothers and underweight children living in the same households. Adult obesity has been linked to both obesity and undernutrition in children.Objectiveto examine the association between HFI and child stunting risk and to determine if maternal‐child overweight/obesity modifies the relationship between HFI and stunting risk.MethodsWe assessed the association of HFI with the nutritional status of mothers and their <11‐year‐old children based on data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey in (ENSANUT 2012). The study included 5,087 mother‐preschool child pairs and 7,181 mother‐school aged child pairs. HFI was measured with the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). A multiple logistic regressions were used to examine the associations of interest adjusting for pertinent covariates.ResultsThere was a higher prevalence of stunting among preschool children with moderate HFI (16.2%) or severe (16.8%) (p=0.036 and p=0.007, respectively), compared with mild or no HFI (13.2 and 10.7%). A significant interaction was found between maternal obesity status and HFI on stunting among preschoolers (p<0.05). Specifically, HFI severity increased the risk of child stunting among non‐obese mothers but not among obese mothers. Among school aged children.ConclusionA novel interaction between HFI and maternal obesity status on child stunting risk was uncovered. However this was not the case if their mothers were obese. Food security government policies and programs need to take into account these complex relationships in the context of an advanced nutrition transition.Support or Funding InformationSupport by The Ministery Of Health in Mexico
Metabolite Changes in the Zebrafish Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Associated with Established Neural Abnormalities
Authors: Keller Christine E.M. , Sepúlveda Maria S , Jannasch Amber Hopf , Roumani Ali M , Zhou Feng C , Brown Paul B 
Published: November 2023

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a completely preventable disease, that has profound effects on life‐long health and function of the affected individual. FASD is caused by maternal ethanol intake during pregnancy. The relationship between ethanol dose, consumption frequency, and the effects on the offspring are altered by the woman's health, fasted or non‐fasted state, and individual metabolism differences. Further, many women consume alcohol in early pregnancy, before they know they are pregnant, and the social stigma surrounding alcohol consumption during pregnancy may make self‐reporting less accurate. Because of the need for early intervention to minimize the effects of alcohol on the offspring, especially until a consensus on recommended limits on alcohol is achieved, early detection and improved characterization of the mechanisms involved in FASD etiology is key. To that end, we pursued a non‐targeted metabolomics approach to develop a more comprehensive profile of small molecule changes in FASD and found many metabolites that broaden the existing theories of neural modifications. AB strain zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0—3% ethanol from 2—24 hours post fertilization. After washing with media, the embryos were incubated an additional 24 hours, at which time they were flash frozen, and whole embryos were extracted. Non‐polar metabolites were separated using Agilent 1100 liquid chromatography with Thermo Fisher LTQ Orbitrap detection, and polar metabolites were analyzed using an Agilent 6220 TOF LC‐MS. From this data, we generated a profile of significantly altered metabolites changed with ethanol. Glycerophospholipids, including phosphatidylserine, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylethanol, and phosphatidylinositol, are modified with ethanol exposure and showed varied directional and magnitudinal changes in our model. Similarly, ethanol‐induced changes occurred in ceramides and sphingolipids, as well as bile acids. These metabolite changes have known implications to astroglial proliferation and alterations to myelin and axon structure and development, and cell death. Together, these metabolite alterations provide an important broadening of molecules associated with well‐established neural abnormalities present in FASD, underscoring the vast and complicated nature of FASD. These changes in neural‐related metabolites have important implications for our understanding and development of interventions of FASD.Support or Funding InformationSupport was provided by the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute to PB, MSS, and FCZ.
Modulation of Nutrient Sensing Networks by Anti‐nutritional Factors in Fish
Authors: He Gen , Bian Fuyun , Tian Juan , Wang Kaidi , Zhou Huihui 
Published: November 2023

Nutrient sensing is composed of intervened signaling pathways that respond to the availability of nutrients (amino acids, glucose, lipids, etc.) and modulate metabolism. Contrast to previous efforts on the understanding of the effects of nutritional components, much less was known on the molecular responses generated by anti‐nutritional factors (ANFs), which could exert significant influence on the dietary performances and animal health. Therefore, the present study was designed to screen and characterize the influences of ANFs on the nutrient sensing networks and metabolism in fish. The dose‐responses of ANFs on target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling, integrated stress response (ISR) pathway, insulin/IGF signaling, and major metabolism pathways were characterized in both fish cell lines and animal studies. Among ANFs, gossypol and soybean saponins were found to suppress TOR and activate ISR signaling, while promote catabolism. Concanavalin A was found to cause inhibited insulin/IGF1/Akt signaling and consequently lead to apoptosis. These results should provide new explanation on the profound physiological effects of these anti‐nutritional factors.Support or Funding InformationThis study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation to G.H. (31572627)