bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the Hydrological Variability on Water Quality and Benthic Macroinvertebrates in a Chilean Estuary During a Megadrought
Authors: Torres-Ramírez Patricio , Bustos-Espinoza Luis , Figueroa Sergio , León-Muñoz Jorge , Jerez Rodolfo , Galán Alexander 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe climate crisis has accelerated the frequency and intensity of droughts in the Mediterranean areas, impacting the hydrology and the ecology of their basins. Maule River is the largest watershed in the Chilean Mediterranean Zone. The growing anthropic and environmental pressure has led to changes in the structure and function of its terrestrial ecosystem. However, little is known about its influence on aquatic ecosystems. The effect of the recent extreme drought on the streamflow and its influence on water quality and the benthic macroinvertebrate community structure were evaluated in the Maule River’s lower section. Beyond temporal and spatial fluctuations, healthy and permanently well-oxygenated waters prevailed in the study area. However, during the megadrought period, evidenced by a significant decrease in both precipitation and river streamflow, a greater salt wedge influence was observed, at least, in the last 7 km of the river. Although with certain asynchrony, a change in the structure of the benthic macroinvertebrate community was observed in the upstream stations. This marinization reveals an increase in the domain of marine taxa associated with the Polychaeta group and a clear decrease in typical freshwater Oligochaeta individuals. This modification in the structure of the benthic community is expected to affect the function of this estuarine system. The results presented here highlight the importance of considering the variability associated with biological components for the management of water resources and related ecosystem services, considering that one of the main problems associated with changes in land use and the pressures caused by the climate crisis is the decrease in the quality and availability of water in this and other Mediterranean basins globally.
Cardiac telerehabilitation: current status and future perspectives
Authors: Brouwers Rutger W. M. , Scherrenberg Martijn , Kemps Hareld M. C. , Dendale Paul , Snoek Johan A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMultidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves the prognosis and quality of life of patients with cardiovascular disease and has therefore received strong recommendations in international guidelines for the treatment of patients with chronic coronary syndromes and chronic heart failure. Aiming to both resolve several barriers that impede participation in CR and to improve the effectiveness of CR, cardiac telerehabilitation (CTR) has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to traditional, centre-based CR. Although the body of evidence for the feasibility and effectiveness of CTR is large and still growing, real-life implementations are scarce, which may be due to insufficient knowledge about CTR interventions and due to the challenges its implementation comes with. Up to now, mainly exercise-related core components of CR and e‑coaching have been investigated in the setting of CTR. Translation of research findings to clinical practice may be hampered by methodological limitations present in most CTR studies, being selection bias of participants, lack of long-term follow-up, heterogeneity of studied interventions and the lack of robust outcome measures. Besides conducting highly needed implementation studies for CTR interventions, their implementation could be facilitated by the development of guideline-based, multidisciplinary and personalised CTR programmes and widespread reimbursement for CTR.
The underuse of AI in the health sector: Opportunity costs, success stories, risks and recommendations
Authors: Pagallo Ugo , O’Sullivan Shane , Nevejans Nathalie , Holzinger Andreas , Friebe Michael , Jeanquartier Fleur , Jean-Quartier Claire , Miernik Arkadiusz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This contribution explores the underuse of artificial intelligence (AI) in the health sector, what this means for practice, and how much the underuse can cost. Attention is drawn to the relevance of an issue that the European Parliament has outlined as a "major threat" in 2020. At its heart is the risk that research and development on trusted AI systems for medicine and digital health will pile up in lab centers without generating further practical relevance. Our analysis highlights why researchers, practitioners and especially policymakers, should pay attention to this phenomenon.

Methods
The paper examines the ways in which governments and public agencies are addressing the underuse of AI. As governments and international organizations often acknowledge the limitations of their own initiatives, the contribution explores the causes of the current issues and suggests ways to improve initiatives for digital health.

Results
Recommendations address the development of standards, models of regulatory governance, assessment of the opportunity costs of underuse of technology, and the urgency of the problem.

Conclusions
The exponential pace of AI advances and innovations makes the risks of underuse of AI increasingly threatening.

Graphical Abstract
Free fall drag estimation of small-scale multirotor unmanned aircraft systems using computational fluid dynamics and wind tunnel experiments
Authors: Hammer T. , Quitter J. , Mayntz J. , Bauschat J.-M. , Dahmann P. , Götten F. , Hille S. , Stumpf E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNew European Union (EU) regulations for UAS operations require an operational risk analysis, which includes an estimation of the potential danger of the UAS crashing. A key parameter for the potential ground risk is the kinetic impact energy of the UAS. The kinetic energy depends on the impact velocity of the UAS and, therefore, on the aerodynamic drag and the weight during free fall. Hence, estimating the impact energy of a UAS requires an accurate drag estimation of the UAS in that state. The paper at hand presents the aerodynamic drag estimation of small-scale multirotor UAS. Multirotor UAS of various sizes and configurations were analysed with a fully unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes approach. These simulations included different velocities and various fuselage pitch angles of the UAS. The results were compared against force measurements performed in a subsonic wind tunnel and provided good consistency. Furthermore, the influence of the UAS`s fuselage pitch angle as well as the influence of fixed and free spinning propellers on the aerodynamic drag was analysed. Free spinning propellers may increase the drag by up to 110%, depending on the fuselage pitch angle. Increasing the fuselage pitch angle of the UAS lowers the drag by 40% up to 85%, depending on the UAS. The data presented in this paper allow for increased accuracy of ground risk assessments.
Submultiplicative norms in $$\mathcal C_{\mathbb C}(\mathcal K)$$ spaces with applications to uniform algebras
Authors: Albiac F. , Blasco O. , Briem E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCertain algebra norms on the algebra of functions on a two-point set are defined and used to construct a new family of parametric algebra norms on the space $$\mathcal C_{\mathbb C}(\mathcal K)$$

C
C

(
K
)

of continuous complex-valued functions on a compact Hausdorff space. As a by-product of our work we transfer our construction to uniform algebras to obtain a new collection of norms with special properties.
Predictive value of the systemic immune inflammation index and systemic inflammatory response index on omalizumab drug survival in chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Fabi Adriano , Milosavljevic Stefan , Lang Claudia C. V. , Guillet Carole , Schmid-Grendelmeier Peter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Omalizumab is recommended as adjunctive therapy for antihistamine-refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). However, its long-term effectiveness is understudied. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) have shown prognostic value in cancer, strokes, and other diseases.

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of omalizumab in CSU patients while investigating potential associations of SII and SIRI with the drug survival of omalizumab.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted using patient data from the electronic hospital database, including patients with CSU treated with omalizumab between January 2018 and May 2021. Drug survival curves were visualized using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. and Cox regression was utilized to assess potential associations.

Results
A total of 109 CSU treated with omalizumab at the University Hospital of Zurich were included. The mean drug survival was 13.6 ± 10.9 months. The mean SII and SIRI were 796.1 ± 961.3 and 2.1 ± 3.1, respectively. The multivariate model revealed that SIRI (p = 0.098) was a more robust predictor of omalizumab’s drug survival than SII (p = 0.367), while concurrent autoimmune disease or baseline immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels showed no significant impact.

Conclusion
This study suggests the potential utility of SIRI as a superior predictive indicator for omalizumab’s drug survival in CSU patients compared to SII. Concomitant autoimmune disease or baseline IgE levels did not significantly affect the drug’s effectiveness.
Blsnet: a tri-branch lightweight network for gesture segmentation against cluttered backgrounds
Authors: Zhou Guoyu , Cui Zhenchao , Qi Jing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHand gesture segmentation is an essential step to recognize hand gestures for human–robot interaction. However, complex backgrounds and the variety of gesture shapes cause low semantic segmentation accuracy in the existing lightweight methods because of imprecise features and imbalance between branches. To remedy the above problems, we propose a new segmentation structure for hand gestures. Based on the structure, a novel tri-branch lightweight segmentation network (BLSNet), is proposed for gesture segmentation. Corresponding to the structure parts, three branches are employed to achieve local features, boundaries and semantic hand features. In the boundary branch, to extract multiscale features of hand gesture contours, a novel multi-scale depth-wise strip convolution (MDSC) module is proposed based on gesture boundaries for directionality. For hand boundary details, we propose a new boundary weight (BW) module based on boundary attention. To identify hand location, a semantic branch with continuous downsampling is used to address complex backgrounds. We use the Ghost bottleneck as the building block for the entire BLSNet network. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed network, corresponding experiments have been conducted based on OUHANDS and HGR1 datasets, and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to contrast methods.
Cyclic Impact Test with the Hopkinson Bar: Application to Granite
Authors: Isakov M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA laboratory scale cyclic impact loading test was developed by modifying a Hopkinson Bar test setup. The modifications involve placing a special shank piece between the striker and the rest of the setup. The shank transmits the impact loading and enables the use of compressed air for rapid reloading of the striker. The short shank is in direct contact with the specimen, i.e., there is no long input bar. With this configuration residual wave motion and reloading of the specimen is avoided. Behind the striker an output bar and momentum trap bar are placed for specimen loading measurement and removal of the wave motion in the system, respectively. The trap bar is stopped by a pneumatic actuator, which also resets the bars and the specimen before the next impact loading. The compressed air flow driving the striker is controlled by high-speed electropneumatic valves connected to a control unit and operated in simple open-loop control. Numerical simulations of both the striker motion by compressed air and dynamic loading wave propagation during impact were used in the design phase as well as setting up the test parameters. The test setup is able to produce stable cyclic impact loading at a frequency of up to 10 impacts per second with striker velocity up to 9 m/s. The feasibility of the test method is demonstrated by providing data from cyclic Brazilian disc experiments on Balmoral Red granite at both impact and quasi-static cyclic loading.
Rapid assessment of water phase trapping on gas permeability reduction in typical tight gas reservoirs in China
Authors: Tian Jian , Chen Qiang , Kang Yili , Wang Yijun , Qin Chaozhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWater phase trapping (WPT) is one of the primary formation damage issues which can cause a steep drop in tight gas production. This paper presented a rapid assessment of the damage potential of WPT in Daniudi, Nanpu 5th, and Keshen 9th tight gas reservoirs involving shallow to ultra-deep layers in China. Typical core samples of the three tight gas reservoirs were selected to perform water imbibition and drainage experiments to mimic the WPT occurrence. After that, the damage degree to core gas permeability induced by WPT was evaluated. Results showed that, for a 16-h vertical water imbibition experiment, the core samples of Daniudi gas reservoir experienced the fastest water imbibition process while the core samples of Keshen 9th gas reservoir established the highest water saturation. After water removal, the ranges of damage degree to core gas permeability induced by the incremental water saturation were 36.07%–78.13%, 36.06%–56.21%, and 61.00%–76.30% in Daniudi, Nanpu 5th, and Keshen 9th tight gas reservoirs, respectively. It found that with the increasing formation depth, tight gas reservoirs can suffer greater damage from WPT not only because of the decline in rock permeability but also the salting out of high salinity formation water. In general, it holds that strong water capillary imbibition phenomenon, low water removal capacity, and high gas permeability damage degree are found to be the striking features of WPT potential on these typical tight gas reservoirs in China.
Analyze textual data: deep neural network for adversarial inversion attack in wireless networks
Authors: Al Ghamdi Mohammed A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeep neural networks (DNN) are highly effective in a number of tasks related to machine learning across different domains. It is quite challenging to apply the information gained to textual data because of its graph representation structure. This article applies innovative graph structures and protection techniques to secure wireless systems and mobile computing applications. We develop an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) with DNN and Support Vector Machine (SVM) to identify adversarial inversion attacks in the network system. It employs both normal and abnormal adversaries. It constantly generates signatures, creates attack signatures, and refreshes the IDS signature repository. In conclusion, the assessment indicators, including latency rates and throughput, are used to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the recommended framework with Random Forest. The results of the proposed model (SVM with DNN) based on adversarial inversion attacks were better and more efficient than traditional models, with a detection rate of 93.67% and 95.34% concerning latency rate and throughput. This article also compares the proposed model (SVM with DNN) accuracy with other classifiers and the accuracy comparison for feature datasets of 90.3% and 90%, respectively.
The beneficial effects of the tobacco hydroperoxide lyase pathway in whitefly host adaptation
Authors: Deng Wenhao , Li Ping , Liu Chao , Hu Songshen , Tian Yanzhen , Liu Yinquan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPlants respond to herbivore attack by emitting complex mixtures of volatile compounds to repel herbivores or attract predators and parasitoids. In this study, however, we revealed that tobacco green leaf volatiles (GLVs) were beneficial compounds for whitefly adaptation to host plants. Our study indicates that GLVs are closely associated with plant susceptibility to whiteflies. Whitefly infestation elevated the transcript of the hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) gene, one gene responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of C6 or C9 aldehydes from fatty acid hydroperoxides. Overexpression of HPL increased the emission of GLVs (hexanal, 1- hexanal, trans-2- hexanal and cis-3- hexanal) and resulted in improved performance for whiteflies. Exogenous application of GLVs promoted whitefly survival and fecundity and increased the plant's attraction to whiteflies. Thus, our study provides new insights into the role of the HPL pathway and GLVs in influencing herbivore adaptation to host plants.
Wind tunnel test of full-scale wing-propeller system of a eVTOL aircraft
Authors: Riccobene L. , Grassi D. , Braukmann J.N. , Kerho M. , Droandi G. , Zanotti A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present paper describes the results of an experimental wind tunnel test campaign aimed at investigating the aerodynamic performance and flow physics related to a wing section equipped with two propellers mounted on a boom. The configuration investigated is meant to be representative of a full-scale eVTOL aircraft in cruise flight condition. The use of full-scale components of an eVTOL aircraft made this setup a quite advanced experiment in the recent literature. Pressure measurements and an infrared thermography technique were used during the test campaign, respectively, to evaluate localised effects induced by the propeller blowing on the wing and to provide a quantitative evaluation of the amount of laminar flow on the wing surface with and without the influence of the propeller at different thrust conditions.
The effects of crew resource management on flight safety culture: corporate crew resource management (CRM 7.0)
Authors: Terzioğlu M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe main purpose of crew resource management (CRM) is to ensure safe flights by preventing possible errors with the effective use of non-technical skills. The aim of the current study is to examine the effects of CRM on flight safety culture (FSC) with the help of the structural equation model with 451 airline pilots. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there was a significant correlation between CRM and FSC and that CRM has a significant positive effect on FSC. It has been demonstrated that if CRM awareness and skills are used effectively, the perception of FSC will also improve. Furthermore, these findings indicate that there is a need to progress to the corporate CRM phase, i.e., CRM 7.0, to ensure that organisation-wide FSC awareness is established through CRM awareness.
Ecologic analysis of antimicrobial use in South Carolina hospitals during 2020–2022
Authors: Bailey Pamela , Chen Shujie , Al-Hasan Majdi N. , Olatosi Bankole , Li Xiaoming , Zhang Jiajia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground:Factors influencing excessive antimicrobial utilization in hospitalized patients remain poorly understood, particularly with the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:In this retrospective cohort, we compared administrative data regarding antimicrobial prescriptions in hospitalized patients in South Carolina from March 2020 through September 2022. The study examined variables associated with antimicrobial use across demographics, COVID status, and length of stay, among other variables.Results:Significant relationships were seen with antimicrobial use in COVID-19 positive patients (OR 2.00, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.9–2.1), young adults (OR 1.08, 95% CI: 0.99–1.12, COVID-19 positive Blacks and Hispanics (OR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.11, OR 1.05, 95% CI: 0.89–1.23), and COVID-19 positive patients with ≥2 comorbid conditions (OR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.43–1.68).Discussion:Further analysis in more than one healthcare system should explore these ecologic relationships further to understand if these are common trends to inform ongoing stewardship interventions.
The Anti-Authoritarian Populisms: Ideologies of Democratic Struggle in Tanzania, Zimbabwe and Worldwide
Authors: Paget Dan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMany opposition parties in electoral-authoritarian regimes identify as democracy movements. I ask: what ideologies do they publicly express? The first-glance answer is ‘democratic ones’, but there are many theories of liberal democracy, and they say little about living under or indeed confronting authoritarian regimes. I analyse the public messages of two such democracy movements: Chadema (Tanzania) and the Citizens Coalition for Change (CCC, in Zimbabwe). I argue that they each articulate a homegrown vision of democracy in which they adapt democratic theory to make sense of their electoral-authoritarian circumstances. They do so by articulating that theory through the ‘populist logic’ conceptualized in the discourse-theoretic perspective. I call them anti-authoritarian (and democratic) populisms. Previous research has overlooked the distinctiveness of these ideologies because it has adopted concept configurations which invisibilize them. I argue that there are reasons to expect there to be a wider body of anti-authoritarian populisms articulated by democracy movements in electoral-authoritarian regimes in Africa, and indeed, worldwide.
Marcadores metabólico-nutricionales e infecciosos en la Misión Salesiana “Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria”, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina (siglos diecinueve y veinte)
Authors: García Laborde Pamela , D'Angelo del Campo Manuel Domingo , Valenzuela Luciano Óscar , Salemme Mónica Cira , Guichón Ricardo Aníbal 
Published: December 2023

ResumenEl estudio de la Misión Salesiana (siglos diecinueve y veinte) contribuye al conocimiento del impacto que las misiones religiosas tuvieron en América. Los registros históricos sugieren un cambio en la dieta, hacinamiento y alta frecuencia de enfermedades pulmonares infecciosas, como la tuberculosis. Muchos problemas de salud surgen de desequilibrios dietarios. La insuficiencia nutricional crónica hace que los individuos sean más susceptibles a las enfermedades infecciosas, y esto a su vez reduce la disponibilidad de nutrientes para la persona, creando una retroalimentación positiva. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar el impacto que tuvo el contacto continuo en Patagonia Austral —específicamente en el caso de la Misión Salesiana— sobre la población originaria, a partir del análisis de marcadores metabólico-nutricionales e infecciosos y teniendo en cuenta el estado nutricional y estilo de vida de los individuos que allí habitaron. Para evaluar el cambio se compararon los resultados de los individuos de la misión con información previamente publicada y nuevas revelaciones de individuos del norte de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego. Por un lado, se observó una elevada prevalencia de signos patológicos tales como hiperostosis porótica, cribra orbitalia, hipoplasia del esmalte y caries; por otro, fuentes documentales y estudios de isótopos estables indican un cambio en la dieta que conlleva una reducción en la variedad de alimentos. Los cambios producidos en el estilo de vida y la alta frecuencia de enfermedades infecciosas pudieron actuar sinérgicamente, influyendo en la drástica reducción del número de personas que habitaba dentro de la misión.