bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autophagy activation alleviates the LPS‐induced inflammatory response in endometrial epithelial cells in dairy cows
Authors: Dong Junsheng , Ji Bowen , Jiang Yongshuai , Liu Kangjun , Guo Long , Cui Luying , Wang Heng , Li Bichun , Li Jianji 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProblemEndometritis is a common disease that affects dairy cow reproduction. Autophagy plays a vital role in cellular homeostasis and modulates inflammation by regulating interactions with innate immune signaling pathways. However, little is known about the regulatory relationship between autophagy and inflammation in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs). Thus, we aimed to determine the role of autophagy in the inflammatory response in BEECs.Methods of StudyIn the present study, the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Changes in the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway and autophagy were determined using immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry. The induction of autophagosome formation was visualized by transmission electron microscopy.ResultsOur results demonstrated that autophagy activation was inhibited in LPS‐treated BEECs, while activation of the NF‐κB pathway and the mRNA expression of IL‐6, IL‐8, and TNF‐α were increased. Furthermore, blocking autophagy with the inhibitor chloroquine increased NF‐κB signaling pathway activation and proinflammatory factor expression in LPS‐treated BEECs. Conversely, activation of autophagy with the agonist rapamycin inhibited the NF‐κB signaling pathway and downregulated proinflammatory factors.ConclusionsThese data indicated that LPS‐induced inflammation was related to the inhibition of autophagy in BEECs. Thus, the activation of autophagy may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for eliminating inflammation in BEECs.
Effect of anti‐CGRP‐targeted therapy on migraine aura: Results of an observational case series study
Authors: Cresta Elena , Bellotti Alessia , Rinaldi Giovanni , Corbelli Ilenia , Sarchielli Paola 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionLimited clinical evidence is available regarding the potential effectiveness of anti‐CGRP monoclonal antibodies for the preventive treatment of migraine with aura.Aim of the StudyThis observational study involved a series of migraine patients affected by either migraine with or without aura, who were investigated for any changes in their frequencies and their migraine aura attack characteristics observed during treatment with anti‐CGRP Mabs over a 1‐year period.Patients and MethodsTwelve migraine patients were included, seven of whom were treated with erenumab, 2 with fremanezumab, and 3 with galcanezumab. Clinical data were collected at baseline, which were defined as 3 months prior to the initiation of treatment, and thereafter at each trimester, over the 1‐year treatment period. The parameters included the number of headache and migraine days/month, the frequency of aura episodes, the number of days with acute drug intakes/month, and the scores from the migraine disability status scale (MIDAS), and the Headache Impact Test 6 (HIT‐6).ResultsAnti‐CGRP Mbs antibodies induced significant decreases in mean headache and migraine without aura days per month, the number of days with medication intake, as well as MIDAS and HIT‐6 scores (p < 0.0001). In contrast, the anti‐CGRP Mab treatment did not appear to impact the frequency of migraine with aura attacks but seemed to reduce both the intensity and the duration of headache phases of migraine aura. Furthermore, some migraine patients referred to having aura attacks without headache over the course of the treatment period.ConclusionsBased on the above findings, we hypothesize that anti‐CGRP Mabs did not influence neuronal and vascular events related to cortical spreading depression (CSD) which is considered the pathophysiological substrate of aura. Conversely, these antibodies are able to counteract, via their peripheral mechanisms of action, the sensitization of the trigemino‐vascular pathway which is triggered by CSD. This aforementioned might explain why in our patients, migraine aura attacks remained unchanged in their frequencies, but the headache phases were either reduced or absent.
Impaired synaptic plasticity and decreased excitability of hippocampal glutamatergic neurons mediated by BDNF downregulation contribute to cognitive dysfunction in mice induced by repeated neonatal exposure to ketamine
Authors: Wan Jie , Ma Linhui , Jiao Xinhao , Dong Wei , Lin Jiatao , Qiu Yongkang , Wu Weifeng , Liu Qiang , Chen Chen , Huang He , Li Shuai , Zheng Hui , Wu Yuqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimRepeated exposure to ketamine during the neonatal period in mice leads to cognitive impairments in adulthood. These impairments are likely caused by synaptic plasticity and excitability damage. We investigated the precise role of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the cognitive impairments induced by repeated ketamine exposure during the neonatal period.MethodsWe evaluated the cognitive function of mice using the Morris water maze test and novel object recognition test. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to detect the protein levels of BDNF. Western blotting, Golgi‐Cox staining, transmission electron microscopy, and long‐term potentiation (LTP) recordings were used to assess synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The excitability of neurons was evaluated using c‐Fos. In the intervention experiment, pAdeno‐CaMKIIα‐BDNF‐mNeuronGreen was injected into the hippocampal CA1 region of mice to increase the level of BDNF. The excitability of neurons was enhanced using a chemogenetic approach.ResultsOur findings suggest that cognitive impairments in mice repeatedly exposed to ketamine during the neonatal period are associated with downregulated BDNF protein level, synaptic plasticity damage, and decreased excitability of glutamatergic neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region. Furthermore, the specific upregulation of BDNF in glutamatergic neurons of the hippocampal CA1 region and the enhancement of excitability can improve impaired synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in mice.ConclusionBDNF downregulation mediates synaptic plasticity and excitability damage, leading to cognitive impairments in adulthood following repeated ketamine exposure during the neonatal period.
Occupancy trends of overwintering coastal waterbird communities reveal guild‐specific patterns of redistribution and shifting reliance on existing protected areas
Authors: de Zwaan Devin R. , Huang Andrew , Fox Caroline H. , Bradley David W. , Ethier Danielle M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractClimate change and anthropogenic stressors are redistributing species and altering community composition globally. Protected areas (PAs) may not sufficiently protect populations of species undergoing distributional shifts, necessitating that we evaluate existing PAs and identify areas for future protection to conserve biodiversity across regional and temporal scales. Coastal waterbirds are important indicators of marine ecosystem health, representing mobile, long‐lived, higher trophic‐level consumers. Using a 20‐year citizen science dataset (1999–2019) with a before‐after control‐intervention sampling framework for habitat protection, we applied dynamic occupancy models to assess winter occupancy trends along the Pacific coast of Canada. Specifically, we sought to understand potential drivers of regional declines, spatial commonalities among guilds, and changes in habitat use before and after PA designation, as well as between PAs and non‐PAs. Occupancy trends varied regionally, with greater declines in the south compared to the north. Regional differences underlined potential range shifts, particularly for species with traits linked to temperature tolerance, movement, and high productivity foraging, as cold‐tolerant, migratory benthivores and piscivores wintered farther north relative to 20 years ago or retreated to cold‐water fjords. While 21 of 57 (36.8%) species responded positively to PA designation (before‐after), greater occupancy declines tended to occur in PAs established pre‐1999 relative to non‐PAs (control‐intervention). Since PAs are currently concentrated in the south, negative associations were most apparent for species retreating northward, but existing PAs may have a stabilizing or transitory effect on southern wintering species shifting into the region from farther south. We emphasize that conservation strategies must balance persistence of current communities with preserving the climate‐adapted biodiversity of tomorrow by accounting for community‐level effects of species moving into and out of existing PAs. Incorporating range shifts into PA planning by predicting distributional changes will allow conservation practitioners to identify priority habitats, such as cold‐water refugia, for persistent wildlife communities.
The influence of self‐brand connection on consumer reactions to symbolic incongruency and perceived betrayal
Authors: Sayin Eda , Gürhan‐Canlı Zeynep 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research provides compelling evidence that consumer reactions toward symbolically incongruent brand behaviors depend on their level of self‐brand connection. It challenges the conventional belief that high self‐brand connection works as a protecting shield for brands and reveals that consumers with higher (vs. lower) self‐brand connection react more negatively toward symbolically incongruent brand behaviors because they feel betrayed by the brand. The results unveil that a sense of betrayal can be incited, when a brand's behavior is symbolically incongruent with its established meaning. This pattern of consumer responses is consistent across four experimental studies, which involved a diverse sample of 563 participants from different countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Spain and used various product categories. The results consistently show that individuals with high self‐brand connection display an increased intention to engage in negative word of mouth, along with a decline in their brand attitudes and purchase intentions, driven by feelings of betrayal. This effect is further intensified for consumers with higher self‐enhancement need. It is worth noting that prior literature on betrayal has often linked such feelings to more significant transgressions and behaviors with immoral connotations.
Effect of fentanyl and remifentanil on neuron damage and oxidative stress during induction neurotoxicity
Authors: Taghizadehghalehjoughi Ali , Naldan Muhammet Emin , Yeni Yesim , Genc Sidika , Hacimuftuoglu Ahmet , Isik Mesut , Necip Adem , Bolat İsmail , Yildirim Serkan , Beydemir Sukru , Baykan Mahmut 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOpioids can be used for medical and non‐medical purposes. Chronic pain such as cancer, as well as the frequent use of such drugs in places such as operating rooms and intensive care units, and in non‐medical areas like drug abuse the effects and side effects of these drugs need to be examined in more detail. For this purpose, the effects of fentanyl and remifentanil drugs on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and cholinesterase metabolism were investigated. Neuron cells (CRL‐10742) were used for the evaluation of the toxicity of fentanyl and remifentanil. MTT, PON1 activity and total thiol levels for its effect on oxidative stress, AChE and BChE activities for its effect on the cholinergic system, and TNF, IL‐8 and IL‐10 gene levels for its neuroinflammation effect were determined. The highest neurotoxic dose of fentanyl and remifentanil was determined as 10 μg/mL. It was observed that the rate of neuron cells in this dose has decreased by up to 61.80% and 56.89%, respectively. The IL‐8 gene expression level in both opioids was down‐regulated while IL 10 gene level was up‐regulated in a dose‐dependent manner compared to the control. In our results, the TNF gene expression level differs between the two opioids. In the fentanyl group, it was seen to be up‐regulated in a dose‐dependent manner compared to the control. Fentanyl and remifentanil showed an inhibitory effect against PON1, while remifentanil showed an increase in total thiol levels. PON1, BChE and total thiol activities showed similarity with MTT.
Systemic inflammation and its relationship with pruritus in early‐stage mycosis fungoides
Authors: Solak Berna , Kara Rabia Öztaş 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe underlying mechanisms mycosis fungoides (MF)‐related pruritus remain unclear, and the link between pruritus and systemic inflammation in MF is unexplored. We aimed to investigate systemic inflammation in MF patients and its potential connection to pruritus. In this retrospective study, demographic characteristics, MF stage, clinical and laboratory findings, and neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and pan‐immune inflammation value (PIV) were assessed for all participants. Additionally, mSWAT scores, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and pruritus presence and intensity via Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scoring were recorded for MF patients. A total of 81 patients with early‐stage MF and 50 controls were enrolled. Itching was present in 41 patients (50.6%). NLR, PLR, SII, SIRI and CRP values in the MF group were significantly higher. CRP, NLR, mSWAT and DLQI score were significantly higher in MF patients with pruritus than those without. Pruritus was positively correlated with DLQI, mSWAT, CRP, NLR, MLR and SIRI. VAS score was positively correlated with eosinophil count and DLQI. In the multivariate logistic regression model, only NLR was an independent and significant associate of pruritus in patients with MF. This study provides evidence of enhanced systemic inflammation in early‐stage MF patients. Additionally, the correlation between pruritus with mSWAT scores and systemic inflammation parameters suggests a potential link between pruritus and the inflammatory milieu in MF.
Genetic influences on sibling bullying and mental health difficulties
Authors: Toseeb Umar , Vincent John , Asbury Kathryn 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundSibling bullying is associated with mental health difficulties; both in the short and long term. It is commonly assumed that sibling bullying leads to mental health difficulties but additional explanations for the relationship between the two are seldom investigated.MethodsTo address this gap in knowledge, we used a genetically sensitive design with data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (maximum N = 3,959, 53% female). At ages 11–13 years, individuals self‐reported their involvement in sibling bullying, as a victim and perpetrator, and parents reported on their child's mental health difficulties. Polygenic scores, indices of genetic risk for psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) were computed using children's genetic data. Regression and structural equation models were fitted to the data.ResultsSibling bullying, victimisation and perpetration, and polygenic scores both predicted mental health difficulties in an additive manner but there was no interaction between them. Polygenic scores for mental health difficulties were also associated with sibling bullying.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that sibling bullying, victimisation and perpetration, is associated with mental health difficulties, even after accounting for some genetic effects. Additionally, the relationship between sibling bullying and mental health difficulties may be, at least partly, due to shared genetic aetiology. One possibility is that genetic risk for mental health difficulties influences the onset of mental health difficulties which in turn make children more susceptible to sibling bullying.
Reduction in size‐at‐maturity in unprecedentedly strong cohorts of redfish (Sebastes mentella and S. fasciatus) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Laurentian Channel
Authors: Brûlé Caroline , Benhalima Kadra , Roux Marie‐Julie , Parent Geneviève J. , Chavarria Caroline , Senay Caroline 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLife‐history traits, such as size‐at‐maturity, are key parameters to model population dynamics used to inform fisheries management. Fishery‐induced evolution, density‐dependent effects, and global warming have been shown to affect size‐ and age‐at‐maturity, and resulting spawning stock biomass (SSB) in a wide range of commercial fish stocks. Marked changes in redfish biomass and environmental conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Laurentian Channel over the past decade called for a review and update of size‐at‐maturity for commercially important deepwater redfish Sebastes mentella and Acadian redfish Sebastes fasciatus stocks. Following a 25‐year moratorium, local redfish biomass has recently reached unprecedented levels, co‐occurring with an overall warming of bottom water temperatures. Our objectives were (1) to perform a histological assessment of redfish reproduction stages, including the validation and fine‐tuning of a robust visual chart to facilitate monitoring of size‐at‐maturity and SSB in a transforming environment, and (2) to evaluate changes in size‐at‐maturity in unprecedentedly strong cohorts of redfish, and consequences for stock status assessment and fisheries management. Each specimen was genetically identified to species, and gonad reproduction stages were determined by histology and macroscopic appearances. The present study enabled a robust visual chart for continued and cost‐effective monitoring of redfish reproduction stages to be refined and validated, and has shown a large decrease in redfish length when 50% of the individuals are considered mature that led to an increase in estimates of SSB during the 2011–2021 period for S. mentella and S. fasciatus. These changes modified the perception of stock status, thus having significant implications for fisheries management. Given that fishery‐induced evolution and community structure changes along with global warming are affecting numerous stocks worldwide, the present study outlines a major and global challenge for scientists and resources managers. As shown by our results, the monitoring and frequent updates of life‐history traits in transforming environments are needed to provide reliable science advice for sustainable fisheries.
First records of the sicklefin (Mobula tarapacana), bentfin (Mobula thurstoni), and spinetail (Mobula mobular) devil rays in the Chagos Archipelago
Authors: Harris Joanna L. , Collins Claire , Spalding Mark , Stevens Guy M. W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent encounters with sicklefin (Mobula tarapacana) and bentfin (Mobula thurstoni) devil rays in the Chagos Archipelago provide the first confirmed observations of live specimens of these species in this region. Examination of illegal fishing photo archives collected during enforcement revealed these endangered species, and spinetail devil rays (Mobula mobular), are being caught within the archipelago's vast no‐take marine protected area. Future cooperation between authorities and mobulid ray experts is crucial to improve the availability and accuracy of enforcement data and improve management of illegal fishing and mobulid ray conservation activities.
Inferior vena cava collapsibility index and stroke volume as predictors of blood transfusion in upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the emergency department
Authors: Ayar Mustafa Selçuk , Baydın Ahmet , Ustaoglu Müge , Caliskan Fatih , Erenler Ali Kemal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThis study investigates the effectiveness of bedside ultrasonography in predicting blood transfusion requirements in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). It focuses on evaluating the inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter, IVC collapsibility index (CI), and stroke volume (SV) as ultrasonographic measures.MethodsA hundred adult patients enrolled in this prospective clinical study. The patients were divided into two groups (group 1: only saline administered group, group 2: saline and blood administered group). IVC diameter, IVC CI, and SV were measured at the time of admission and after treatment.ResultsAt the initial admission, group 1 exhibited an IVC CI of 20.4% and an SV of 65.0 mL, whereas group 2 displayed an IVC CI of 26.6% and an SV of 58.0 mL. Upon analyzing the relationship between the Glasgow–Blatchford score (GBS) and SV, we identified a significant negative correlation (r = −0.7350; P < 0.001). Similarly, a weak negative correlation was observed between the Rockall score (RS) and SV (r = −0.4718; P < 0.001). It is worth noting that patients with UGIB require blood transfusion if their SV falls below 62.5 mL, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 89.1% and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 82.8% to 95.4%.ConclusionIVC CI and SV can be used as parameters to predict the need for blood transfusion in the ED in patients with UGIB.
Transgender and non‐binary peoples experiences of cervical cancer screening: A scoping review
Authors: Rivers Georgia , Hinchliff Sharron , Thompson Jill 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAim(s)To synthesise the literature about transgender and non‐binary people's experiences of cervical cancer screening and identify ways to improve screening.BackgroundTransgender people often face barriers to accessing health services including cervical screening, where transgender people have a lower uptake than cisgender women.DesignA scoping review was undertaken following the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework and the PRISMA‐ScR checklist. Following database searching of Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and CINHAL, 23 papers published between 2008 and 2003 were included. Papers were included if they shared trans and non‐binary people's experiences of cervical screening and were written in English. There were no date or geographical data restrictions due to the paucity of research.ResultsTransgender people experience barriers to cervical screening including gender dysphoria, a history of sexual trauma, and mistrust in health professionals or health services, which can result in having negative experiences of screening or avoiding screening. Health professionals can help to create a positive experience by informing themselves about best practices for trans+ health.ConclusionChanges are required to improve transgender people's experiences and uptake of cervical screening. Improving medical education about trans health and updating health systems would help to combat issues discussed.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareHaving an understanding of the reasons why accessing health services can be more difficult for transgender people will help health professionals to provide appropriate care for transgender patients. This paper details this in the context of cervical cancer screening and can be applied to other areas of healthcare.Reporting MethodWe have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines and used the PRISMA‐ScR reporting method. No Patient or Public Contribution.