bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel versatile method for graphite exfoliation and graphene production using magnetic water: preparation, characterization, and simulation studies
Authors: Saeedi Shahab Alldin , Sargolzaei Javad , Fanaei Mohammad Ali 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
There is an increasing demand for mass production of graphene through a simple, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective method. In this study, a novel versatile method was developed to prepare high-quality mono/bilayer graphene using magnetic water. Graphene nanosheets were synthesized through this novel method and then were characterized. Furthermore, the effect of magnetic water on the exfoliation of graphite was assessed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Magnetic water was produced in the laboratory by circulating water between two strong magnets (7000 gausses) for 2 and 6 h. The durability of magnetic water was investigated using a Magnetometer-Based Diagnostic Test. Then, the generated magnetic water was added to graphite. By adding magnetic water, the graphite absorbed more energy, creating more space between the graphite layers by weakening and breaking the van der Waals bonds and forming high-quality graphene. Finally, the formation of mono/bilayer graphene was confirmed through XRD and AFM tests. According to the results, the use of magnetic water increased graphene yield to almost 67%, while simulation studies predicted the yield of 70%. In addition, MD outputs predicted that the number of departed graphene nanosheets reached 35 and 1252 carbon atoms were stabilized in these nanosheets. According to the results of this study, magnetic water can be applied effectively in the production of graphene nanosheets.
Genomic Balancing Act: Deciphering DNA rearrangements in the Complex Chromosomal Aberration involving 5p15.2, 2q31.1 and 18q21.32
Authors: Lupski James , Dardas Zain , Marafi Dana , Duan Ruizhi , Fatih Jawid , El-Rashidy Omnia , Grochowski Christopher , Carvalho Claudia , Jhangiani Shalini , Bi Weimin , Du Haowei , Gibbs Richard , Posey Jennifer , Calame Daniel , Zaki Maha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Despite extensive research into the genetic underpinnings of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), many clinical cases remain unresolved. We studied a female proband with a NDD, mildly dysmorphic facial features, and brain stem hypoplasia on neuroimaging. Comprehensive genomic analyses revealed a terminal 5p loss and terminal 18q gain in the proband while a diploid copy number for chromosomes 5 and 18 in both parents. Genomic investigations in the proband identified an unbalanced translocation t(5;18) with additional genetic material from chromosome 2 (2q31.3) inserted at the breakpoint, pointing to a complex chromosomal rearrangement (CCR) involving 5p15.2, 2q31.3, and 18q21.32. Breakpoint junction analyses enabled by long read genome sequencing unveiled the presence of four distinct junctions in the father, who is carrier of a balanced CCR. The proband inherited from the father both the abnormal chromosome 5 resulting in segmental aneusomies of chr5 (loss) and chr18 (gain) and a der(2) homologue. Evidences suggest a chromoplexy mechanism for this CCR derivation, involving double-strand breaks (DSBs) repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or alternative end joining (alt-EJ). The complexity of the CCR and the segregation of homologues elucidate the genetic model for this family. This study demonstrates the importance of combining multiple genomic technologies to uncover genetic causes of complex neurodevelopmental syndrome and to better understand genetic disease mechanisms.
An Active Learning Framework for the Rapid Assessment of Galvanic Corrosion
Authors: Zapiain David Montes de Oca , Venkatraman Aditya , Katona Ryan , Maestas Demitri , Roop Matthew , Noell Philip 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The current present in a galvanic couple can define its resistance or susceptibility to corrosion. However, as the current is dependent upon environmental, material, and geometrical parameters it is experimentally costly to measure. To reduce these costs, Finite Element (FE) simulations can be used to assess the cathodic current but also require experimental inputs to define boundary conditions. Due to these challenges, it is crucial to accelerate predictions and accurately pre- dict the current output for different environments and geometries representative of in-service conditions. Machine learned surrogate models provides a means to accelerate corrosion predictions. However, a one-time cost is incurred in procur- ing the simulation and experimental dataset necessary to calibrate the surrogate model. Therefore, an active learning protocol is developed through calibration of a low-cost surrogate model for the cathodic current of an exemplar galvanic cou- ple (AA7075-SS304) as a function of environmental and geometric parameters. The surrogate model is calibrated on a dataset of FE simulations, and calculates an acquisition function that identifies specific additional inputs with the maxi- mum potential to improve the current predictions. This is accomplished through a staggered workflow that not only improves and refines prediction, but identifies the points at which the most information is gained, thus enabling expansion to a larger parameter space. The protocols developed and demonstrated in this work provide a powerful tool for screening various forms of corrosion under in-service conditions.
Which nonsurviving sepsis patients are SIRS negative during the early stage of sepsis? Identifying “silent sepsis”
Authors: Liu Taotao , Luo Jingchao , Wang Xiaogang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Despite the very high sensitivity of the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) score for identifying sepsis, there remains a subset of septic patients who exhibit negative SIRS scores, and unfortunately, many of these patients experience poor outcomes. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with SIRS negativity during the early stage of sepsis in deceased patients, and to explore the nonlinear relationships between SIRS negativity and these factors.
Objective: To analyse the factors related to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) negativity during the early stage of sepsis in nonsurviving septic patients and to explore the nonlinear associations between SIRS negativity and related factors.
Methods: Adult septic patients were retrospectively screened in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database from 2008 to 2019. Patients who did not survive after 28 days were assigned to the SIRS-negative or SIRS-positive group according to whether the SIRS score was less than two points within 24 hours of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The baseline data of patients in the SIRS-negative and SIRS-positive groups were collected and compared. The factors associated with SIRS negativity in septic patients were analysed by logistic regression. The dose‒response relationships of SIRS negativity with SOFA score and age were determined with a restricted cubic spline model.
Results: A total of 53,150 patients were screened in the MIMIC-IV database, and 2706 sepsis nonsurvivors were ultimately included, 101 of whom were negative for SIRS. There were significant differences in SOFA scores between groups (8.18±3.58 vs. 9.75±4.28, P<0.001). In addition, differences in several other parameters, such as age (76 [61 to 86] vs. 72 [60 to 82], P=0.053), body mass index (26 [22 to 31] vs. 27 [24 to 32], P=0.056) and Charlson comorbidity index (8 [6 to 9] vs. 7 [5 to 9], P=0.052], approached statistical significance. Logistic regression analysis indicated that both SOFA score (OR=0.93 [95% CI=0.87-1.00], P=0.046) and age (OR=1.04 [95% CI=0.88-1.15], P=0.012) were independent factors related to SIRS negativity in septic patients. Analysis with a restricted cubic spline model showed that the odds ratio (OR) of SIRS negativity continued to increase with age, particularly for those over 80 years old (p for nonlinearity=0.024). The odds ratio of SIRS negativity was more than 1 when the SOFA score was less than 4 (p for nonlinearity=0.261).
Conclusions: In septic patients with a poor prognosis, elderly individuals (over 80 years old) are more likely to exhibit SIRS negativity during the early stage of sepsis, particularly when they present with mild organ dysfunction (SOFA score less than 4). Neither comorbidities nor BMI was related to SIRS negativity in septic patients with a poor prognosis.
Intuitionistic fuzzy pattern recognition model in assessment of the social empowerment index for Azerbaijan
Authors: Imanov Gorkhmaz , Aliyev Asif 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this work, an intuitionistic fuzzy pattern recognition model is developed to evaluate the Social Empowerment Index (SEI) for Azerbaijan which is one of the four components constituting Social Quality. The global social and economic indices are usually computed with classical methods, in which the data uncertainty and fuzziness are not taken into account. The main advantageous points of the current research are to take into account the fuzziness of input data and incurring fuzziness along the computation process which also are the main reasons for the application of fuzzy logic extension-based tools. The presented work integrates the following operations: normalisation of negative and positive affecting indicators, fuzzification of normalised data, intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation-based weight computation, checking the consistency of intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation matrices, intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation of indicators and sub-indices, and intuitionistic fuzzy pattern recognition based on similarity measures. The set-up algorithm in the proposed paper makes it a comprehensive approach in the computation of socio-economic indices, compared to the existing multiple criteria decision-making methods. The obtained results exhibit SEI levels in Azerbaijan, and the proposed approach can be applied in the analysis and estimation of other socio-economic phenomena.
18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography characteristics of a gastric tumour pre- and post-surgery in a dog: A case report of near-infrared fluorescence-guided imaging surgery using indocyanine green
Authors: Kim Su-Hyeon , Lee Sungin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastric tumours in dogs, although uncommon, present considerable diagnostic and treatment challenges, often diagnosed late in the disease course, resulting in poor prognosis. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) and positron emission tomography (PET) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) offer promising approaches in human medicine for intraoperative tumour detection and metastasis assessment. However, their application in veterinary medicine, particularly in cases of canine gastric tumours, is not well-reported.
Case presentation
A 13-year-old Maltese dog with an abdominal mass underwent 18F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) for tumour localisation and metastatic evaluation. PET/CT scans revealed a gastric mass near the esophagogastric junction and demonstrated mean and maximum standardised uptake values (SUVs) of 4.596 and 6.234, respectively, for the abdominal mass. Subsequent surgery incorporated ICG for NIR fluorescence-guided imaging, aiding in precise tumour localisation and margin assessment. The excised mass, identified via histopathology as a low-grade leiomyosarcoma, was imaged using PET/CT post-operatively, confirming the absence of recurrence or residual lesions during follow-up.
Conclusions
This case report presents a novel application of ICG-guided surgery and 18F-FDG PET/CT in a canine gastric tumour. NIR fluorescence imaging using ICG demonstrated efficacy in real-time tumour visualisation and margin assessment, a technique not previously reported in veterinary literature. The PET/CT findings complemented the diagnosis and provided valuable insights into metastasis. The absence of recurrence or complications in postoperative follow-up underscores the potential of these imaging modalities in enhancing surgical precision and improving prognosis in canine gastric tumours.
PEELing: an integrated and user-centric platform for spatially-resolved proteomics data analysis
Authors: Li Jiefu , Peng Xi , Clements Jody , Jiang Zuzhi , Preibisch Stephan , Han Shuo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Molecular compartmentalization is vital for cellular physiology. Spatially-resolved proteomics allows biologists to survey protein composition and dynamics with subcellular resolution. Here we present PEELing, an integrated package and user-friendly web service for analyzing spatially-resolved proteomics data. PEELing assesses data quality using curated or user-defined references, performs cutoff analysis to remove contaminants, connects to databases for functional annotation, and generates data visualizations—providing a streamlined and reproducible workflow to explore spatially-resolved proteomics data.
Dynamic Changes in the Gut Microbiota Composition during Adalimumab Therapy in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Implications for Treatment Response Prediction and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Oh Han Na , Shin Seung Yong , Kim Jong-Hwa , Baek Jihye , Kim Hyo Jong , Lee Kang-Moon , Park Soo Jung , Kim Seok-Young , Choi Hyung-Kyoon , Kim Wonyong , Sul Woo Jun , Choi Chang Hwan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Little is known about the changes in the gut microbiota composition during anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti TNF-α) therapy. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of gut microbiome changes during anti TNF-α (adalimumab) therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).
Results
The microbiota composition was affected by the disease severity and extent in patients with UC. Regardless of clinical remission status at each time point, patients with UC exhibited microbial community distinctions from healthy controls. Distinct amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) differences were identified throughout the course of ADA treatment at each time point. A notable reduction in gut microbiome dissimilarity was observed only in remitters. Remitters demonstrated a decrease in the relative abundances of Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia and Staphylococcus, accompanied by an increase in Bifidobacterium and Dorea as the treatment progressed. Given the distribution of the 48 ASVs with high or low relative abundances in the pre-treatment samples according to clinical remission at week 8, a clinical remission at week 8 with a sensitivity and specificity of 72.4% and 84.3%, respectively, was predicted on the receiver operating characteristic curve (area under the curve, 0.851).
Conclusions
The gut microbiota undergoes diverse changes according to the treatment response during ADA treatment. These changes provide insights into predicting treatment responses to ADA and offer new therapeutic targets for UC.
Finite Element Analysis of Cold-formed Steel Z- Shape Purlin Section
Authors: Nambiar Tushara , Seth Shriya , Manoharan Kiran Prabha , Akhas Punitha Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Z-shape sections are commonly used as purlin in industrial structures. This paper reports the load carrying capacity of Z-Shape purlin members by varying the stiffener configuration. The three types of stiffeners configurations have been studied namely, horizontally stiffened purlin, vertically stiffened purlin, and purlin with holes along the neutral axis. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ABAQUS were conducted to know the load carrying capacity. Finally, the percentage of increase in the ultimate load carrying capacity of the horizontally stiffened purlin vertically stiffened purlin, and purlin with holes obtained from the FEA software was compared to the unstiffened purlin. From the analytical study, it was observed that the maximum load carrying capacity is obtained in the purlin with holes.
Synthesis and investigation of antimicrobial activity of SrWO4 nanoparticles against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Ghaljehei Meysam , Nasab Ali Sobhani , Nazari-Alam Ali , Marzhoseyni Zeynab 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Elevated resistance of bacteria to common antibiotics and the lack of efficient alternatives to treat bacterial infections are the main concerns of health services. Therefore, the need to figure out new therapeutic options is inevitable. Strontium Tungsten Oxide nanoparticles (SrWO4 NPs) as an antimicrobial agent have recently received attention. However, few reports have been published on its antimicrobial properties.
Material and methods: In the present study, SrWO4 NPs were synthesized by hydrothermal method. To confirm the NPs synthesis procedure, spherical morphology, and particle size, XRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, and EDS analysis were performed. The antimicrobial properties of SrWO4 NPs were assessed via the micro broth dilution method.
Results: The NPs size was nearly distributed 21 to 27 nm. The antibacterial effects of SrWO4 NPs against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC 13048) were evaluated using the micro broth dilution assay. The lowest and highest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were observed against Enterococcus faecalis (16 µg/mL) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (256 µg/mL), respectively.
Conclusions: The chemical method can be used with high efficiency to synthesize NPs. Additionally; SrWO4 NPs could serve as a valuable antibacterial candidate, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria.
Implement overlapping clustering using K means where the points can belong to zero, one or more clusters
Authors: Somayaji Sudhanva , Shaikh Imaad Salim , Huded Vinay , Rao Dinesh , Malli Sathyendranath 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Clustering is a fundamental technique in data analysis and pattern recognition, aiming to group similar data points into distinct clusters. Traditional clustering algorithms assign each data point to a single cluster, assuming that the underlying structure of the data is non-overlapping. However, real-world datasets often exhibit complex relationships, where data points may belong to multiple clusters simultaneously. This work explores the concept of overlapped clustering, wherein data points are allowed to participate in more than one cluster, accommodating the inherent flexibility and diversity present in various datasets.
In this work, we modify k-means to handle such situations where a point ‘A’ can belong to zero, one or more than one group. We propose a new way to use k-means that lets things be part of different groups. This helps show complex relationships in data. By leveraging the well-established foundation of the k-means algorithm, this work contributes a pragmatic solution to the challenge of overlapped clustering.
We test our modified method on different data, showing it can find overlapping groups better than regular k-means. This gives a simpler way to tackle overlapping clusters in data analysis, making it easier to uncover hidden patterns in today's complex datasets.
Evaluation of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Teledermatology for Skin Lesions in Patients with Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Artın Gökçe Kenar , Şahin Cansu , Yazıcı Elif Irmak , Tuğrul Burcu , Güner Altuğ , Göğebakan Hasan , Gencer Ahmet Murat , Tuğsal Handan Yarkan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy and validity of teledermatology in patients with rheumatological diseases. The study included patients with inflammatory rheumatologic diseases who reported active skin and nail lesions during follow-up. A rheumatologist first evaluated each patient, and a preliminary diagnosis of the skin/nail lesion was recorded. Following, the images of the lesions were shared with two dermatologists and preliminary diagnoses were documented. The patients were then referred to a dermatologist for a face-to-face visit and a final diagnosis was made by using additional tests or skin biopsies if needed. After six months, the same images of the lesions were evaluated by one teledermatologist again, blind to the final diagnosis. The validity and reliability of teledermatology were assessed. Also the positive predictive values were calculated for the teledermatologists and rheumatologists. The study included 113 patients (female 75.2%, mean age: 44.9 years). The two teledermatologists were in perfect agreement; the rheumatologists were in substantial agreement with the final diagnosis (λ: 0.95, 0.82, and 0.61 respectively). The inter-rater agreements of two teledermatologists were as 0.80 (p = 0. 38); the intra-rater agreement of the one teledermatologist was as 0.90 (p = 0.29). Rheumatologists' positive predictive values for the most common lesions (psoriasis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, and erythema nodosum) were shown to be lower than teledermatologists'. Teledermatology could be used in rheumatological patients with skin/nail lesions as a viable and reliable approach. When compared to teledermatologists, rheumatologists slightly underperformed in diagnosing the most common skin/nail lesions encountered in clinical practice.
Cohesive behavior of single crystalline silicon carbide scribing by nanosecond laser
Authors: Chen Pei , Li Shaowei , Pan Rui , Yu Senyu , Qin Fei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The existing mechanical dicing process of single crystalline Silicon Carbide (SiC) is one of the main factors limiting the development of semiconductor process, which could be replaced by laser dicing potentially. However, the zones of ablation damage generated by high power laser should be well controlled. When wafer is only scribed with a thin groove by laser, thermal effect could be reduced significantly. The while scribing process includes laser grooving and subsequent mechanical cracking. The mechanical cracking by force is critical to determine the finishing quality, and spallation or irregular cross-section may be obtained if the cracking process is uncontrolled. The initiation and propagation of the crack are related to the geometry of scribed groove and the melted layer in the groove. To achieve efficient and low-damage SiC separation, the cracking behavior of SiC after laser grooving should be addressed and controllable. Since the laser grooving including thermal ablation and meltage solidification, the cracking behavior of the scribed SiC would be different to the original single crystal SiC. In this paper, cohesive zone model (CZM) is used to quantitively represent the cracking behavior of the scribed SiC. Nanosecond laser with different processing parameters is adopted to scribe SiC substrate with different geometries of grooves. To capture the cohesive behavior of the scribed SiC during cracking, the whole separation of the SiC was conducted in a three-point bending (3PB) fixture. Therefore, by inverting the load-displacement curves of 3PB with CZM embedded finite element model (FEM), the cohesive behavior is characterized by bilinear traction-separation law, which illustrated the whole cracking process numerically. The methodology established in current paper gives way to understand the SiC scribing and cracking process with quantitative cohesive parameters.