bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transgenic mouse lines expressing synaptopHluorin in hippocampus and cerebellar cortex
Authors: Araki Rikita , Sakagami Hiroyuki , Yanagawa Yuchio , Hikima Takuya , Ishizuka Toru , Yawo Hiromu 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe generated six transgenic mouse lines in which synaptopHluorin (SpH), one of green fluorescent protein‐based sensors of vesicular exocytosis, was expressed under the control of neuron‐specific Thy‐1.2 promoter. In situ hybridization study revealed that SpH mRNA was expressed in a broad spectrum of brain regions in four of them, whereas in others it was expressed in the specific regions of the hippocampus. In one particular line, SpH immunoreactivity was specifically observed in the mossy fiber presynaptic terminals of both hippocampus and cerebellar cortex. The fluorescence intensity of these presynaptic terminals was somewhat decreased by acidic buffer superfusion and greatly increased by vesicular neutralization of pH, indicating that the SpH molecules are mainly distributed in the synaptic vesicles. The exocytosis‐dependent fluorescence increment was measured upon activation of a single presynaptic terminal. These transgenic lines are expected to facilitate morphological and physiological studies of presynaptic terminals in a variety of regions of the brain. genesis 42:53–60, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mood stabilization in the treatment of bipolar disorder: focus on quetiapine
Authors: Vieta Eduard 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAn Erratum has been published for this article in Human Psychopharmacology 20(5), 2005, 375.The use of at least one mood‐stabilizing agent is common clinical practice in the treatment of bipolar disorder, regardless of the treatment setting or disease phase. However, a consensus definition of ‘mood stabilizer’ remains to be established. A mood stabilizer has been operationally described as an agent that is useful in at least one phase of bipolar disorder while not worsening any other phase of the illness. More stringent definitions have been proposed, and it can be argued that a clinically effective mood stabilizer would have efficacy in a broad range of affective, psychotic, behavioral and cognitive domains in all phases of bipolar disorder and would be well tolerated across a range of doses for sustained periods. Clinically effective mood stabilizers should treat mania and depression, while preventing recurrence and improving quality of life. Effective treatment should not precipitate mania, depression, or rapid cycling, and should minimize the burden of treatment‐emergent side effects. Data from clinical studies of quetiapine are reviewed in context with the literature discussing traditional and emerging mood stabilizers. Using a liberal definition, the evidence for quetiapine qualifies it as a bimodal mood stabilizer based on its demonstrated effectiveness in the treatment of bipolar mania and depression. Further data suggest that quetiapine has promise across all phases of bipolar disorder with the potential to meet even the most stringent definitions of a mood stabilizer. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in mechanical properties and cellularity during long‐term culture of collagen fiber ACL reconstruction scaffolds
Authors: Caruso Andrea B. , Dunn Michael G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractResorbable scaffolds for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction should provide temporary mechanical function then gradually breakdown while promoting matrix synthesis by local cells. Crosslinking influences collagen's mechanical properties, degradation rate, and interactions with cells. Our objective was to compare the effects of different crosslinkers on cellularity and mechanical properties during long‐term (8 week) culture of collagen fiber scaffolds. Fibers were fabricated from an acid‐insoluble dispersion of bovine dermal collagen and crosslinked with either ultraviolet irradiation (UV; a physical crosslinker) or 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC; a chemical crosslinker). Scaffolds consisted of 50 fibers bundled in parallel. Initial attachment of fibroblasts was similar on both scaffolds; however, from 1 to 8 weeks in culture, UV‐crosslinked scaffolds had significantly more cells attached than EDC‐crosslinked scaffolds. The initial breaking load (3.50 N) and stiffness (2.23 N/mm) of EDC‐crosslinked scaffolds were significantly greater than those of UV‐crosslinked scaffolds (2.32 N; 1.21 N/mm) and were unaffected by long‐term fibroblast culture. In contrast, the load‐bearing capacity of fibroblast‐seeded UV‐crosslinked scaffolds decreased 60% to 0.91 N after 8 weeks in culture. EDC‐crosslinked scaffolds maintained strength and moderate cellularity; UV‐crosslinked scaffolds, in contrast, were highly cellular, but had poor mechanical properties that decreased during culture. These in vitro results suggest that collagen fiber scaffolds crosslinked with EDC may be more suitable for ACL reconstruction than those crosslinked with UV. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2005
Development of a resorbable macroporous cellulosic material used as hemostatic in an osseous environment
Authors: Laurence S. , Bareille R. , Baquey C. , Fricain J.C. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe control of bleeding is a frequently encountered therapeutic problem, particularly during dental surgery. The most efficient substances used to resolve this problem are not risk‐free because of their animal or human origins, so cellulosic materials are potentially of interest. The aim of this study was to develop a resorbable macroporous cellulosic material for use as a resorbable hemostatic agent in bone sites. The degradation and the cytocompatibility of the cellulosic material versus controls were evaluated and its behaviour in vivo was studied. An original process using calcium carbonate powder as inverse matrix was used to develop a macroporous material. In order to predegrade the cellulosic material for hemostatic use, oxidation was performed with periodate. A dialdehyde component unstable at physiological pH was thus obtained. The material was found to have cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and resorption properties similar to control but its hemostatic power was higher. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2005
The Italian Registry for Therapeutic Apheresis. A report from the Apheresis Study Group of the Italian Society of Nephrology
Authors: Passalacqua Stefano , Staffolani Emiliano , Busnach Ghil , Roccatello Dario , Pasquali Sonia , Cappelli Paolo , Liuzzo Gabriele 
Published: May 2005

AbstractMany clinical indications and different technical issues have been reported on therapeutic apheresis: much criticism has also been recorded in several instances, mainly due to the lack of large clinical trials to validate collected data. A Registry where all the available data can be organized and analyzed therefore becomes a priority for all the professionals involved in apheresis. The purpose of this report is to describe the data submitted from 1994 to 2004 from 15,285 treatments on 1,477 patients from 44 Centers, including mainly, but not exclusively, Nephrological Units, collected by the Apheresis Study Group of the Italian Society of Nephrology in 15 Italian regions. Plasma exchange accounted for 56.2% of the procedures, and of these 50.4% were performed by filtration. Plasma treatment was used in 40.1% of procedures, namely with Protein A immunoadsorption (14.6%), LDL‐Cholesterol dextran sulfate adsorption (9.7%), and semiselective cascade or double filtration (12.6%). Cell apheresis, limited to photopheresis, was used in 0.85% of cases, and whole blood treatment (direct adsorption lipoprotein, and molecular adsorption recirculating system) in 2.7%. The procedures analyzed here account for less than 20% of estimated therapeutic apheresis performed in Italy, according to the national survey of activity performed for year 2000 by the Italian Apheresis Society. Notwithstanding that the data are largely incomplete, they are sufficiently informative for a definite trend: plasma treatment with filtration on fractionation filters and adsorption must be used as often as possible, instead of plasma exchange, thus obtaining the most selective removals. J. Clin. Apheresis © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cellular and molecular interactions regulating skeletogenesis
Authors: Colnot Céline 
Published: May 2005

AbstractSkeletal development involves complex coordination among multiple cell types and tissues. In long bones, a cartilage template surrounded by the perichondrium is first laid down and is subsequently replaced by bone marrow and bone, during a process named endochondral ossification. Cells in the cartilage template and the surrounding perichondrium are derived from mesenchymal cells, which condense locally. In contrast, many cell types that make up mature bone and in particular the bone marrow are brought in by the vasculature. Three tissues appear to be the main players in the initiation of endochondral ossification: the cartilage, the adjacent perichondrium, and the invading vasculature. Interactions among these tissues are synchronized by a large number of secreted and intracellular factors, many of which have been identified in the past 10 years. Some of these factors primarily control cartilage differentiation, while others regulate bone formation and/or angiogenesis. Understanding how these factors operate during skeletal development through the analyses of genetically altered mice depends on being able to distinguish the effect of these molecules on the different cell types that comprise the skeleton. This review will discuss the complexity of skeletal phenotypes, which arises from the tightly regulated, complex interactions among the three tissues involved in bone development. Specific examples illustrate how gene functions may be further assessed using new approaches including genetic and tissue manipulations. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of adenosine triphosphate on phosphate uptake in renal proximal tubule cells: Involvement of PKC and p38 MAPK
Authors: Lee Yun Jung , Park Soo Hyun , Jeung Tae Oh , Kim Kee Won , Lee Jang Hern , Han Ho Jae 
Published: May 2005

AbstractATP has been known to act as an extracellular signal and to be involved in various functions of kidney. Renal proximal tubular reabsorption of phosphate (Pi) contributes to the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis, which is regulated by Na+/Pi cotransporter. However, the effects of ATP on Na+/Pi cotransporters were not elucidated in proximal tubule cells (PTCs). Thus, the effects of ATP on Na+/Pi cotransporter and its related signal pathways are examined in the primary cultured renal PTCs. In the present study, ATP inhibited Pi uptake in a time (> 1 h) and dose (>10−6M) dependent manner. ATP‐induced inhibition of Pi uptake was correlated with the decrease of type II Na+/Pi cotransporter mRNA. ATP‐induced inhibition of Pi uptake may be mediated by P2Y receptor activation, since suramin (non‐specific P2 receptor antagonist) and RB‐2 (P2Y receptor antagonist) blocked it. ATP‐induced inhibition of Pi uptake was blocked by neomycin, U73122 (phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitors), bisindolylmaleimide I, H‐7, and staurosporine (protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors), suggesting the role of PLC/PKC pathway. ATP also increased inositol phosphates (IPs) formation and induced PKC translocation from cytosolic fraction to membrane fraction. In addition, ATP‐induced inhibition of Pi uptake was blocked by SB 203580 [a p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor], but not by PD 98059 (a p44/42 MAPK inhibitor). Indeed, ATP induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, which was not blocked by PKC inhibitor. In conclusion, ATP inhibited Pi uptake via PLC/PKC as well as p38 MAPK in renal PTCs. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Disruption of Sertoli‐germ cell adhesion function in the seminiferous epithelium of the rat testis can be limited to adherens junctions without affecting the blood–testis barrier integrity: An in vivo study using an androgen suppression model
Authors: Xia Weiliang , Wong Ching Hang , Lee Nikki P.Y. , Lee Will M. , Cheng C. Yan 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDuring spermatogenesis, both adherens junctions (AJ) (such as ectoplasmic specialization (ES), a testis‐specific AJ type at the Sertoli cell‐spermatid interface (apical ES) or Sertoli–Sertoli cell interface (basal ES) in the apical compartment and BTB, respectively) and tight junctions (TJ) undergo extensive restructuring to permit germ cells to move across the blood–testis barrier (BTB) as well as the seminiferous epithelium from the basal compartment to the luminal edge to permit fully developed spermatids (spermatozoa) to be sloughed at spermiation. However, the integrity of the BTB cannot be compromised throughout spermatogenesis so that postmeiotic germ cell‐specific antigens can be sequestered from the systemic circulation at all times. We thus hypothesize that AJ disruption in the seminiferous epithelium unlike other epithelia, can occur without compromising the BTB‐barrier, even though these junctions, namely TJ and basal ES, co‐exist side‐by‐side in the BTB. Using an intratesticular androgen suppression‐induced germ cell loss model, we have shown that the disruption of AJs indeed was limited to the Sertoli‐germ cell interface without perturbing the BTB. The testis apparently is using a unique physiological mechanism to induce the production of both TJ‐ and AJ‐integral membrane proteins and their associated adaptors to maintain BTB integrity yet permitting a transient loss of cell adhesion function by dissociating N‐cadherin from β‐catenin at the apical and basal ES. The enhanced production of TJ proteins, such as occludin and ZO‐1, at the BTB site can supersede the transient loss of cadherin‐catenin function at the basal ES. This thus allows germ cell depletion from the epithelium without compromising BTB integrity. It is plausible that the testis is using this novel mechanism to facilitate the movement of preleptotene and leptotene spermatocytes across the BTB at late stage VIII through early stage IX of the epithelial cycle in the rat while maintaining the BTB immunological barrier function. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conserved versus innovative features in animal body organization
Authors: Minelli Alessandro , Fusco Giuseppe 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe origin of evolutionary novelties is a central topic in evolutionary developmental biology (evo–devo) studies. In any new feature, there is a conserved component that is either structural or related to the underlying genetic control, but it is not always obvious what is really new and what is conserved. Nevertheless, disentangling this blending of old and new features is basic to understanding mechanisms of evolutionary change. The origin of arthropod appendages illustrates the complexity in tracing the origin of evolutionary novelties. At the base of the lineage, the main body axis was already segmented and antero‐posteriorly patterned, and the genetic tool kit required to form lateral outgrowths was already available. The novelty was possibly the developmental decision to “read” the available axial information and to exploit it for differentiating segmentally patterned and axially segmented appendages. Some important novelties bridge the gap between what have been traditionally distinguished as systemic and local changes. For example, the origin of the body cavities evolved by several animal groups may have been initiated by simple changes in cell‐to‐cell adhesive properties. Any possible change in an existing ontogenetic pathway has the potential to generate novelties.J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 304B, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute ischemic cardiac dysfunction is attenuated via gene transfer of a peptide inhibitor of the β‐adrenergic receptor kinase (βARK1)
Authors: Tevaearai Hendrik T. , Brant Walton G. , Keys Janelle R. , Koch Walter J. , Eckhart Andrea D. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAcute myocardial ischemia is a critical adverse effect potentially occurring during cardiac procedures. A peptide inhibitor of the β‐adrenergic receptor kinase (βARK1), βARKct, has been successful in rescuing chronic myocardial ischemia. The present study focused on the effects of adenoviral‐mediated βARKct (Adv‐βARKct) delivery on left ventricle (LV) dysfunction induced by acute coronary occlusion. Rabbits received intracoronary delivery of phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) (n = 9) or 5 × 1011 viral particles of βARKct (n = 8). A loose prolene 5‐0 Potz‐loop suture was placed around the circumflex coronary artery (LCx) with both ends buried under the skin. Four days later, the suture was retrieved and pulled to occlude the LCx. Ischemia was confirmed by immediate ECG changes. LV function was continuously recorded for 45 min. Contractility (LVdP/dtmax), relaxation (LVdP/dtmin) and end diastolic pressure (EDP) were less impaired in the βARKct group as compared to PBS (P < 0.05, two‐way ANOVA). βAR density was higher in the ischemic area of the LV in the βARKct group (βARKct: 71.9 ± 4.6 fmol/mg protein, PBS: 54.5 ± 4.0 fmol/mg protein, P < 0.05). Adenylyl cyclase activity was also improved basally and in response to βAR stimulation. βARK1 activation was less in the βARKct group (P < 0.05). Therefore, inhibition of myocardial βARK1 may represent a new strategy to prevent LV dysfunction induced by acute coronary ischemia. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neural adhesion molecules L1 and CHL1 are survival factors for motoneurons
Authors: Nishimune H. , Bernreuther C. , Carroll P. , Chen S. , Schachner M. , Henderson C.E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractMany neurotrophic factors with survival activity for motoneurons in vivo were first identified using cultures of purified embryonic motoneurons. The L1 neural cell adhesion molecule has multiple roles in brain development. We showed by in situ hybridization and RT‐PCR that L1 mRNA was expressed at significant levels in motoneurons of embryonic and postnatal spinal cord. We therefore cultured purified motoneurons from E14 rat embryos in the absence of trophic factors but with L1‐Fc and CHL1‐Fc fusion proteins. L1‐Fc prevented the death of approximately half of the motoneurons that were saved by BDNF in a dose‐dependent manner (EC50 = 10 pM). CHL1‐Fc saved the same number of motoneurons as did L1‐Fc, whereas P0‐Fc had little neurotrophic activity at the same concentrations. Survival induced by L1 and CHL1 was completely inhibited by 20 μM LY294002 and PD98059, indicating that both MEK and PI3K pathways are required for signaling by these molecules. L1 can signal in other cell types through the FGF receptor FGFR1. In cultures of motoneurons, effects of suboptimal concentrations of L1 and suboptimal concentrations of FGF‐2 were additive, but the effects of optimal concentrations of FGF‐2 (50 ng/ml) were not further increased in the presence of L1‐Fc. Thus, in this system, too, FGF and L1 may use similar signaling pathways. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nutritive value of the larvae of raphia palm beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) and weevil (Rhyncophorus pheonicis)
Authors: Onyeike Eugene N , Ayalogu Edward O , Okaraonye Catherine C 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe proximate nutrient composition, energy value, mineral concentrations, amino acid composition and chemical score of the larvae of raphia palm beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) and weevil (Rhyncophorus pheonicis) were evaluated. Values of moisture, ash and crude protein were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in O rhinoceros than in R pheonicis while the reverse was the case for the values of crude fat, total carbohydrate and energy content. The crude protein content of both samples was high, with a value of 42.3 ± 0.84% for the palm beetle and 31.6 ± 0.59% for palm weevil, while crude fat was high (17.3 ± 1.2%) in palm weevil and very low (0.55 ± 0.10%) in palm beetle. The calorific value in kcal 100 g−1 sample was 425 in R pheonicis and was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the value of 285 in O rhinoceros, due to a relatively higher crude fat and total carbohydrate in the former compared with the latter. The mineral concentrations were high and differed for all the elements, with O rhinoceros having the higher level of many of the mineral elements (calcium, magnesium, potassium, manganese, iron and phosphorus) compared with R pheonicis, consistent with a significantly higher (p < 0.05) ash content of 12.7 ± 0.81% in O rhinoceros against the value of 4.2 ± 0.45% ash in R pheonicis. The amino acid profile showed both samples to be good sources of essential and non‐essential amino acids including cysteine and methionine, both of which contain sulfur. Valine, which had the lowest chemical score of 51.2%, was the most limiting amino acid for protein quality in both O rhinoceros and R pheonicis. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of dietary supplementation of cysteamine on growth performance, carcass quality, serum hormones and gastric ulcer in finishing pigs
Authors: Yang Cheng‐Bo , Li Ai‐Ke , Yin Yu‐Long , Huang Rui‐Lin , Li Tie‐Jun , Li Li‐Li , Liao Yi‐Ping , Deng Zey‐Yan , Zhang Jun , Wang Bin , Zhang Young‐Gang , Yang Xiaojian , Peng Jian , Fan Ming Z 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA study was conducted to determine the effects of graded levels of dietary inclusion of a cysteamine (Cs) preparation on growth performance, carcass quality, plasma hormone levels, gastric pH and occurrence of gastric ulcer in finishing pigs. A total of 384 Landrace × Large White finishing pigs, (192 gilts and 192 barrows) with an average initial body weight of 66.05 ± 0.623 kg (mean ± SEM) were randomly divided into 24 floor pens, with eight gilts and eight barrows in each pen (9.2 m2) as one experimental unit. The 24 pens of pigs were randomly allocated to one of three diets: (1) a maize/soybean meal basal diet; (2) the basal diet plus 30 mg Cs kg−1 diet; and (3) the basal diet plus 50 mg Cs kg−1 diet. Dietary supplementation of Cs had quadratic effects (P < 0.01) on final body weight and average daily gain, with optimal responses occurring at 30 mg kg−1. Dietary supplementation of Cs quadratically improved (P < 0.01) average daily feed intake and feed/gain ratio, with optimal responses occurring at 30 mg kg−1. Dietary supplementation of Cs had a quadratic effect (P < 0.01) on muscle RNA/DNA ratio. Furthermore, dietary supplementation of Cs reduced (P < 0.05) back‐fat thickness. Dietary supplementation of Cs had quadratic effects (P < 0.05) on plasma glucagon and T3 hormone levels, with optimal responses occurring at 30 mg kg−1, but had no effect (P > 0.05) on plasma growth hormone, insulin and T4 levels. There were no apparent pathological changes seen in the stomach mucosa of pigs fed at 30 mg Cs kg−1 compared with the control diet. It is concluded that a low dose of dietary inclusion of Cs at 30 mg kg−1 can improve growth performance and carcass quality without adverse effects on the stomach in finishing pigs. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry