bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wealth is health: High economic status in Cameroon correlates with protective gear use in traffic injuries and improved clinical outcomes
Authors: Dissak Delon Fanny N. , Yost Mark T. , Touko Arole Darwin , Mfondoum Roland , Oke Rasheedat , Christie S. Ariane , Chichom-Mefire Alain , Hubbard Alan , Juillard Catherine 
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION
Africa is the least motorized populated continent, yet it experiences the highest traffic fatality rate. Despite laws mandating helmet and seatbelt use, data on protective gear use among Cameroonian road traffic injury (RTI) patients remains sparse.

METHODS
We extracted Cameroon Trauma Registry data prospectively collected from 10 hospitals during July 2022 to December 2023. Protective gear users wore helmets in motorcycle and seatbelts/car seats in vehicle crashes. We categorized patients into five economic clusters based on ownership of durable goods using parallel distance matrix computation. We analyzed associations between continuous variables with Wilcoxon rank-sum and categorical variables with χ2 and multivariate logistic regression. Our primary outcome was in-hospital death or major disability at discharge.

RESULTS
Among 3,554 RTI patients, 303 (9%) used protective gear. A larger proportion of patients who did not use protective gear were designated as majorly disabled or dead (20% vs. 16%, p < 0.001). The greatest percentage of protective gear users belonged to the richest cluster, while the poorest cluster patients comprised the smallest proportion of protective gear users (13% vs. 3%, p < 0.001). The richest cluster demonstrated the smallest percentage of major disability or death (13%), while the poorest cluster had the greatest percentage (28%, p < 0.001). When controlling for age, protective gear use, and injury severity, the three poorest clusters showed the greatest odds of major disability or death (cluster 3: adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.58–3.46; cluster 4: AOR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.59–2.74; cluster 5: AOR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.24–4.58).

CONCLUSION
Greater economic status is associated with increased protective gear use during RTIs in Cameroon. Despite suffering the most severe outcomes, the poorest patients remain less likely to use protective gear. Enforcement of protective gear laws and economic incentives such as price subsidies for helmets and seatbelts would particularly benefit the most vulnerable population.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Retrospective Comparative Study; Level IV.
Systematic, Pretransplant Screening by Aortoiliac CT Angiography: Impact on Surgical Decision-making and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Nielsen Marie B. , Budtz-Lilly Jacob , Dahl Jonathan N. , Keller Anna K. , Jespersen Bente , Ivarsen Per R. , Winther Simon , Birn Henrik 
Published: January 2025

Background.
Aortoiliac screening before kidney transplantation is suggested by some guidelines to select patients for transplantation and to assist surgical planning. We investigated the clinical outcomes of systematic screening for aortoiliac disease in potential kidney transplant candidates.

Methods.
In this observational study, 470 potential kidney transplant candidates underwent aortoiliac computed tomography angiography. Patients were characterized by the presence of peripheral artery disease and calcification of iliac arteries and aortoiliac arteries. The risk of graft loss and graft function at 1 y posttransplant were examined and clinical decisions based on the vascular findings were assessed.

Results.
Clinically diagnosed peripheral artery disease was present in 66 patients (14%), circular calcifications in 101 patients (21%), and aortoiliac stenosis in 77 patients (16%). In 326 patients undergoing kidney transplantation, circular calcification or aortoiliac stenosis was not associated with an increased risk of graft loss (P = 0.45 and P = 0.28) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = 0.23 and P = 0.76) at 1 y posttransplant. When evaluated for transplantability, clinical decision-making based on vascular findings was recorded in 67 of 429 patients (16%), including rejection for transplantation in 7 patients (2%) and laterality for surgical implantation in 52 patients (12%).

Conclusions.
Systematic screening by aortoiliac computed tomography angiography may assist in surgical planning but seems of limited clinical value in assessing the risk of future graft loss and graft function in patients undergoing kidney transplantation.
Does Self-Compassion Expressive Writing Benefit People With an Ostomy? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Harris Lauren , Reynolds Lisa M. 
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a self-compassion expressive writing activity could improve psychological well-being in people with an ostomy, as assessed by changes in body image distress, ostomy-specific quality of life (QOL), self-compassion, and dispositional disgust.

DESIGN:
Randomized controlled trial design was used.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
The sample comprised 175 English-speaking patients over 18 years of age with a fecal or urinary ostomy; all participants resided in Australia and New Zealand. All were recruited online between May and July 2019.

METHODS:
Following completion of a baseline questionnaire, participants were randomly assigned to complete either an online self-compassion expressive writing exercise (intervention group; n = 88; 50.29%) or a control expressive writing exercise (n = 87; 49.71%). Online questionnaires were completed 1-week and 1-month following completion of either expressive writing task. Intent-to-treat repeated-measure ANOVA analyses assessed benefits to self-compassion, body image distress, and ostomy-specific quality of life. Dispositional disgust sensitivity and propensity, as assessed by baseline scores on the Dispositional Disgust Sensitivity and Propensity Scale (DPSS), were assessed as moderators.

RESULTS:
Analyses revealed that younger people with an ostomy had poorer self-compassion, greater body image distress, and poorer ostomy-specific QOL than older people, and those who had lived with their ostomy for longer had lower body image distress and greater QOL. There were no significant main effects of writing condition on primary measures; however, individuals in the intervention condition with low dispositional disgust had greater self-compassion, greater ostomy-specific QOL, and lower body image distress than those with high dispositional disgust.

CONCLUSION:
Although expressive writing is a pragmatic and accessible intervention, our findings suggested that it was of benefit only to people with low dispositional disgust. Further work is required to establish an effective psychological tool for this under-researched population.
The Role of Value Analysis in Pressure Injury Prevention
Authors: Constable Stephanie , Spitzer Mandy 
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE:
Global pressure injury (PI) statistics reveal that hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) remain a substantial burden, with over 1 in 10 hospitalized adults being affected. The purpose of this analysis is to describe how consistent collection, analysis, and use of data allow hospitals to validate their clinical and economic outcomes and to adjust PI prevention strategies.

PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING:
HAPI incidence data for acute care patients at a 280-bed regional community hospital in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States (West Virginia) were collected from January 2012 to July 2023.

APPROACH:
Multilayered silicone foam dressings from 3 manufacturers were used during data collection and outcomes evaluated. The average annual HAPI incidence was calculated retrospectively to allow comparison of outcomes during the time periods that various soft silicone multilayered foam manufacturers were used.

OUTCOMES:
When using dressing 1, the hospital experienced an average of 10.40 HAPI per year. When using dressing 2, the hospital experienced an average of 5.56 HAPI per year, and when using dressing 3, the average was 26.29 HAPI per year. Additionally, an estimated sum of US $451 229.91 was saved when using dressing 2 compared to dressing 3, and US $105 352.28 was saved during the use of dressing 2 as compared to dressing 1.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:
Monitoring data over time can validate product selection decisions to ensure they are advantageous to both costs and the delivery of quality care.
Risk Factors for Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis in Adults
Authors: Jiang Tianxiang , Zhang Xiuzhi , Wu Jinju , Gao Lei , Tung Tao-Hsin 
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE:
A meta-analysis was conducted to comprehensively identify risk factors of incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) in adults and provide evidence-based support for healthcare professionals to formulate IAD preventive interventions and bundled interventions.

METHODS:
Systematic review and meta-analysis of pooled findings.

SEARCH STRATEGY:
Two researchers independently searched databases PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, Web of Science and Scopus and 4 Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP and CBM) for relevant studies published from their inception to March 15, 2023. Two researchers independently extracted relevant data and literature characteristics and evaluated the quality of the included studies.

FINDINGS:
Twenty-seven studies that collectively enrolled 4046 participants were included in our systematic review. Five were written in English, 1 was written in Spanish, and the other 21 were written in Chinese. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the risk factors for IAD were determined. Fecal incontinence, an etiologic factor (OR = 5.79; 95% CI = [1.88-17.87]), stool characteristics (OR = 5.28; 95% CI = [2.51-11.07]), and daily frequency of bowel movements (OR = 5.76; 95% CI = [4.48-7.42]) were associated with an increased likelihood of IAD. The following risk factors: fever (OR = 4.23; 95% CI = [1.89-9.46]), age (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = [1.01-1.09]), hypoproteinemia (OR = 3.30; 95% CI = [1.90-5.72]), impaired consciousness (OR = 2.43; 95% CI = [1.66-3.54]), days of antibiotic use (OR = 4.13; 95% CI = [3.11-5.49]), diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.90; 95% CI = [1.73-4.86]), and a higher overall Perineal Assessment Tool (PAT) score (OR = 2.56; 95% CI = [1.23-5.30]) emerged as independent risk factors for IAD in adult patients. In contrast, a higher serum albumin level (OR = 0.88; 95% CI = [0.84-0.93]), a higher Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Score Risk (Braden Scale) score (OR = 0.66; 95% CI = [0.56-0.77]), and a higher Braden Scale mobility subscale score (OR = 0.86; 95% CI = [0.74-1.00]) were protective factors that reduced the likelihood of IAD.

IMPLICATIONS:
Identification of risk factors for IAD may be used to identify patients at risk and in need of preventive interventions. Identification of modifiable risk factors may be used to design novel preventive interventions.
Short prescribed exercises can quantify upper limb functioning in neurodegenerative disease
Authors: Straczkiewicz Marcin , Burke Katherine M. , Calcagno Narghes , Premasiri Alan , Carney Kendall T. , Vieira Fernando G. , Onnela Jukka-Pekka , Berry James D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDigital health technologies (DHTs) can quantify movements in daily routines but rely heavily on participant adherence over prolonged wear times. Here we analyze accelerometry data from wrist-worn devices during short episodes of prescribed exercises (PEs) performed by 329 individuals living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a longitudinal study. We developed an automated and interpretable signal processing method to estimate upper limb movement counts, duration, intensity, and similarity of repetitions during PEs. Upper limb swing duration increased while intensity and similarity of movement decreased over time, indicating longer but less vigorous and less consistent upper limb movements over time. Intensity emerged as the most robust predictor of changes in upper limb function. The results suggest that PEs can effectively quantify upper limb function comparable to certain free-living measurements, providing greater flexibility in the clinical application of DHTs.
Characterizing dog communities adjacents to key shorebird sites in Chile
Authors: Contreras Gabriela , Peredo Ronny , Sandvig Erik M. , Rodríguez Betsabé , Gallardo Benjamín , Norambuena Heraldo V. , Medrano Fernando 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFree-ranging domestic dogs can cause numerous negative impacts on public health, tourism, and the environment. Some of these impacts on wildlife are compounded and facilitated by human communities, for example through the provision of food, health care, and shelter, which altogether increase the dog’s life expectancy. Shorebirds are one of the groups adversely affected by dogs through nest predation, behavioral changes, and persecution during foraging and roosting periods. In Chile, dogs are a ubicutous threat in wetlands. In this study, we characterized the dog populations at the mouth of the Lluta River (Chacalluta area) and the Coihuín wetland (Coihuín-Chamiza area), both of international importance for shorebirds. We estimated the total abundance of dogs, their seasonal survival, and demographic and behavioral traits by photographic capture-recapture methods in eight surveys of 6.6 km2for Chacalluta and 2.0 km2for Coihuín-Chamiza. We estimated a population size of 167 individuals in Chacalluta and 505 individuals in Coihuín-Chamiza, a relatively low survival rate in both sites, a healthy body status in more than 80% of the dogs, small group sizes (1-2 individuals), and movements of 1,000 to 3,000 meters between locations. We report patterns associated with human ownership, indicating irresponsible pet ownership. This information will be the basis for developing public policies and evaluating strategies to lessen their impact on shorebirds, such as demographic control of the animal population, reduction of abandonment, and promotion of responsible pet ownership practices.
Genomic Analysis of Date Palm Fruit Size Traits and Identification of Candidate Genes through GWAS
Authors: Younuskunju Shameem , Mohamoud Yasmin A. , Mathew Lisa Sara , Mayer Klaus F. X. , Suhre Karsten , Malek Joel A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe commercial value of economically significant fruits, including date palm fruit (dates), is influenced by various factors, such as biochemical composition and morphological features like size, shape, and visual appearance, which are key determinants of their quality and market value. Dates are typically consumed at the dry stage (Tamar), during which they exhibit a wide range of physical characteristics, such as color, length, weight, and skin appearance. Understanding the genetic basis of these traits is crucial for improving crop quality and breeding new cultivars. In this study, we integrated a genome dataset from highly diverse date cultivars with phenotypes of dry fruit such as length, width, area, and weight, identifying multiple significant genetic loci (SNPs) associated with these traits. We also identified candidate genes located near the associated SNPs that are involved in biological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, growth, and the regulation of signalling pathways for growth regulators like auxin and abscisic acid, as observed in other plants. Gene expression analysis reveals that many of these genes are highly expressed in the early stage of fruit development when the fruit attains its maximum size and weight. These findings will enhance our understanding of genetic determinants of fruit size particularly at the commercially important Tamar stage.
Single Cell Transcriptome Signatures of Sarcoidosis in Lung Immune Cell Populations
Authors: Moore Camille , Liao Shu-Yi , Wood Cheyret , Sarkar Arunangshu , Cardwell Jonathan , MacPhail Kristyn , Mroz Margaret M. , Riley Christina , Mould Kara , Restrepo Clara , Li Li , Maier Lisa A. , Yang Ivana V. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRationaleTo identify cell specific molecular changes associated with sarcoidosis risk and progression, we aimed to characterize the cellular composition, gene expression patterns, and cell-cell interactions in BAL cells from patients with sarcoidosis (both progressive and non-progressive) and healthy controls.MethodsSingle cell RNA-seq data were collected on 12 sarcoidosis and 4 control participants. We combined scRNA-seq data from these participants with our previously collected data on 4 sarcoidosis and 10 control participants for a final sample size of 16 sarcoidosis cases (8 progressive and 8 non-progressive) and 14 controls. Following initial preprocessing in CellRanger, data were quality controlled, combined, and clustered in Seurat. We tested differences in cell proportions by disease group using F-tests on cell proportions and differences in gene expression using pseudobulk analysis. Cell to cell communication and pathway analysis were performed using CellChat.ResultsWe identified five macrophage populations: resident, high metallothionein (MT) resident, recruited, profibrotic recruited, and proliferating macrophages. Each subpopulation displayed unique gene expression profiles, with notable differential expression of genes and pathways linked to sarcoidosis in resident macrophages, recruited macrophages, and proliferating macrophages. We also observed changes in gene expression associated with disease progression in resident and recruited macrophages. In non-macrophages cells, we observed a significant reduction in the number of B cells in sarcoidosis patients compared to controls. Among T cell populations, we identified specific transcriptional alterations at gene and pathway level. Additionally, we observed distinct differences in cell-to-cell interactions of macrophages and T cells between sarcoidosis patients and healthy controls.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the complexity of immune cell involvement in sarcoidosis and highlight potential cellular and molecular targets for further investigation.
Nanoscale Dynamics of Enhancer-Promoter Interactions during Exit from Pluripotency
Authors: Stumberger Gabriela , Hörl David , Steinek Clemens , Leonhardt Heinrich , Harz Hartmann 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWhile there is compelling genetic evidence for the role of enhancers in regulating promoter activity even over large genomic distances, it is unclear to what extent physical proximity with the respective promoters is involved. Here we combine DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with confocal and stimulated emission depletion (STED) super resolution microscopy to investigate enhancer-promoter (E-P) distances at selected loci (Dppa3, Nanog, Dnmt3a, Sox2, Prdm14) that contain multiple enhancers and undergo transcriptional changes at the transition from naive to primed pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells. Automated distance measurements in thousands of cells revealed that both pairwise and multiway E-P conformations undergo only small (Δ median distance = ∼22 nm) changes, despite large, up to 1500-fold changes in transcription, arguing against lasting changes in genome architecture at these loci. As transcription often occurs in transient bursts in a small fraction of cells, we performed RNA FISH to identify actively transcribed alleles. We found that in actively transcribed Dppa3 alleles (<10%) the median E-P distances are significantly shorter (Δ median distance = ∼90 nm) than in non-transcribed ones. These data are consistent with a transient spatial interaction of enhancers and promoter during the initiation of transcription.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
PERK orchestrates MERCS formation and mitochondrial remodelling promoting physiological adaptations during adaptive UPR signalling
Authors: Casas-Martinez Jose C. , Xia Qin , Li Penglin , Borja-Gonzalez Maria , Miranda-Vizuete Antonio , McDermott Emma , Dockery Peter , Quinlan Leo R. , Goljanek-Whysall Katarzyna , Samali Afshin , McDonagh Brian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe transfer of information and metabolites between mitochondria and the ER is mediated by mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCS), facilitating adaptations following changes in cellular homeostasis. MERCS are dynamic structures, essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis through modulation of calcium transfer, redox signalling, lipid transfer, autophagy and mitochondrial dynamics. Acute ER stress in myoblasts promoted myogenesis that required the PERK arm of the UPRERfor increased MERCS assembly, mitochondrial turnover and function. Similarly, induction of acute UPRERduring early development inC. elegansresulted in increased lifespan and healthspan. Adaptive UPRERsignalling in myoblasts andC. elegans, increased MERCS assembly and activated autophagy, ultimately promoting mitochondrial remodelling. Adaptations were dependent on the developmental stage, as treatment of myotubes or adultC. elegansresulted in a maladaptive response. The results identify that PERK is required for increased mitochondrial ER communication in response to adaptive UPR signalling, promoting mitochondrial remodelling and improved physiological function.Graphical Abstract
Alterations in Lipid Saturation Trigger Remodeling of the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane
Authors: Wong Sara , Bertram Katherine R. , Raghuram Nidhi , Knight Thomas , Hughes Adam L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLipid saturation is a key determinant of membrane function and organelle health, with changes in saturation triggering adaptive quality control mechanisms to maintain membrane integrity. Among cellular membranes, the mitochondrial outer membrane (OMM) is an important interface for many cellular functions, but how lipid saturation impacts OMM function remains unclear. Here, we show that increased intracellular unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) remodel the OMM by promoting the formation of multilamellar mitochondrial-derived compartments (MDCs), which sequester proteins and lipids from the OMM. These effects depend on the incorporation of UFAs into membrane phospholipids, suggesting that changes in membrane bilayer composition mediate this process. Furthermore, elevated UFAs impair the assembly of the OMM protein translocase (TOM) complex, with unassembled TOM components captured into MDCs. Collectively, these findings suggest that alterations in phospholipid saturation may destabilize OMM protein complexes and trigger an adaptive response to sequester excess membrane proteins through MDC formation.Significance StatementMitochondrial-derived compartments are multilamellar structures that sequester protein and lipids of the outer mitochondrial membrane in response to metabolic and membrane perturbations, but it is largely unknown how membrane fluidity influences this pathway.Increased levels of unsaturated phospholipids may disrupt the TOM complex, a large multi-subunit complex on the outer mitochondrial membrane, to promote the formation of mitochondrial-derived compartments, while increased levels of saturated phospholipids inhibits formation of mitochondrial-derived compartments.These findings reveal a link between phospholipid composition and protein stress in driving mitochondrial-derived compartment biogenesis, and thus mitochondrial quality control.