bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration in Aksaray, Turkey: Temporal variation, meteorological dependence, and employing artificial neural network
Authors: Koçak Ebru 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study analyzed the temporal variation and prediction of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in Aksaray, Turkey, a city in Central Anatolia. The relationship between PM2.5 and meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction was investigated. An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to predict PM2.5 levels based on meteorological data and air pollutant information. Seasonal and diurnal patterns of PM2.5 concentrations were observed, with higher values recorded during the winter and lower values during the summer. Additionally, higher levels were observed in the morning and evening, while lower levels were recorded in the afternoon. The variations in meteorological parameters, especially temperature and wind speed, significantly influenced PM2.5 levels. To predict hourly PM2.5 concentrations, single and multiple data imputation techniques were employed in combination with resilient back‐propagation (RPROP‐ANN). The neural network was applied, consisting of one input layer comprising 11 parameters, one hidden layer with 20 neurons, and an output layer. The results indicate that the best forecasting performance for PM2.5 was demonstrated by the combination of the missForest imputation technique with the RPROP neural network, as assessed by the coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE). The proposed model is characterized by a low RMSE of 5.94 and a high R2 value of 0.88, demonstrating exceptional predictive performance in air quality.
Measuring carbon emissions throughout the lifecycles of urban conventional buses
Authors: Zhang Wenhui , Fu Bo , Zhou Ge , Song Ziwen , Xi Cong , Li Decai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we selected representative electric buses (EBs) and diesel buses as research cases, aiming to explore a localized method suitable for various vehicle types that can be implemented in any region to measure the carbon emissions of urban buses throughout the lifecycle. We take into account the influence of seasonal factors over the lifecycle. We fully consider the production, assembly, and recycling stages of vehicle systems. We construct a model for estimating CO2 emissions during the fuel cycle. We analyze and compare the impacts of the optimized power grid structure on the lifecycle CO2 emissions of the two types of buses. The results indicate that seasonal factors affect both bus types' energy consumption, with EBs being more sensitive. Carbon emissions primarily stem from manufacturing the body, chassis, and notably, the lithium‐ion batteries, with the latter having a pronounced impact on EBs. A decrease in coal power generation from 71% to 21% in the grid reduced EB fuel‐cycle emissions by 70.7%. Although EBs are sensitive to seasonal factors, they still have the greatest potential for carbon reduction, depending on the proportion of clean energy in the power grid and the production processes of vehicle components.
Expatriate managers' personal financial insecurity indirectly thwarts team innovation: The role of state learning goal orientation
Authors: Ni Dan , Wu Shaoxue , Zheng Michelle Xue , Wu Wen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the downstream effect of expatriate managers' personal financial insecurity on team innovation. Building on resource allocation theory, we propose a moderated serial mediation model. Using four‐wave, multi‐source survey data from 99 R&D expatriate teams within large technology companies in emerging markets, we find that expatriate managers' personal financial insecurity is negatively related to team innovation first through a lower level of state learning goal orientation in the last month, and subsequently through a lower level of intellectual stimulation behavior. The negative effect of expatriate managers' personal financial insecurity on state learning goal orientation is weakened when professional identification is higher (vs. lower). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Deep learning to estimate gestational age from fly‐to cineloop videos: A novel approach to ultrasound quality control
Authors: Viswanathan Ambika V. , Pokaprakarn Teeranan , Kasaro Margaret P. , Shah Hina R. , Prieto Juan C. , Benabdelkader Chiraz , Sebastião Yuri V. , Sindano Ntazana , Stringer Elizabeth , Stringer Jeffrey S. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveLow‐cost devices have made obstetric sonography possible in settings where it was previously unfeasible, but ensuring quality and consistency at scale remains a challenge. In the present study, we sought to create a tool to reduce substandard fetal biometry measurement while minimizing care disruption.MethodsWe developed a deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) model to estimate gestational age (GA) in the second and third trimester from fly‐to cineloops—brief videos acquired during routine ultrasound biometry—and evaluated its performance in comparison to expert sonographer measurement. We then introduced random error into fetal biometry measurements and analyzed the ability of the AI model to flag grossly inaccurate measurements such as those that might be obtained by a novice.ResultsThe mean absolute error (MAE) of our model (±standard error) was 3.87 ± 0.07 days, compared to 4.80 ± 0.10 days for expert biometry (difference −0.92 days; 95% CI: −1.10 to −0.76). Based on simulated novice biometry with average absolute error of 7.5%, our model reliably detected cases where novice biometry differed from expert biometry by 10 days or more, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.92, 0.95), sensitivity of 81.0% (95% CI: 77.9, 83.8), and specificity of 89.9% (95% CI: 88.1, 91.5). These results held across a range of sensitivity analyses, including where the model was provided suboptimal truncated fly‐to cineloops.ConclusionsOur AI model estimated GA more accurately than expert biometry. Because fly‐to cineloop videos can be obtained without any change to sonographer workflow, the model represents a no‐cost guardrail that could be incorporated into both low‐cost and commercial ultrasound devices to prevent reporting of most gross GA estimation errors.
Adoption of contraception following a pregnancy loss in India
Authors: Das Labhita , Shekhar Chander , Sengupta Shoummo , Mishra Akshay 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe present study was carried out to describe contraceptive adoption following pregnancy terminations that resulted in outcomes other than live birth.MethodRetrospective calendar data on 31486 women who had experienced a pregnancy loss within the last 60 months prior to the survey date were drawn from a nationally representative dataset. Logistic regression was employed to model the associated factors with contraceptive uptake.ResultsOverall, 57.8% reported not adopting any method following the end of the recent pregnancy. There was a significant association between the choice of contraceptive method and timing of adoption. Women with living children were significantly more likely to adopt contraception as compared to women without any child.ConclusionContraceptive uptake following a non‐live birth is considerably low in India. Interventions in reproductive health should focus on provision of different contraceptive methods and counseling emphasizing on effectiveness and correct use of the methods at the end of any pregnancy.
Impact of water resources variation on winter–spring rice yield in the upper Vietnamese Mekong Delta: A case study of An Giang Province
Authors: Pham Van Huynh Thanh , Ho Van Hoa , Tran Dung Duc , Pham Tien Duy , Huynh Duc Ngoc , Chau Nguyen Xuan Quang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNatural and socio‐economic development under climate change has affected the distribution of surface water resources (SWRs) in many deltas worldwide. The dynamics in the SWRs has negatively impacted agricultural production, which is one of the growing issues in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) as the national rice bowl. Our study aims to assess SWR dynamics related to its effects on rice production in the upper VMD. We applied Mann–Kendall, linear regression and Pettit tests to statistically determine trends of SWRs in terms of water level, total water volume and rainfall in 1996–2020. The findings show that high water level trends decrease significantly after 2011, and this reduction has been due to climate variability and dam development upstream of the Mekong River. Moreover, rice yield data analysis from 1996 to 2020 indicated a decreasing trend in the yield of the winter–spring rice crop in the An Phu district of An Giang Province after 2011. Our interviews with 33 water experts and 90 local farmers revealed 80% agreement that the decline in water resources has affected rice yield. This study provides empirical evidence and a platform for knowledge sharing and learning across different deltas and initiatives worldwide.
The over‐diversification effect: Enhancement in perceived heterogeneity of multiple (vs. single)‐others' preferences
Authors: Saini Ritesh , Wang Dian , Chen Haipeng (Allan) 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConsumers often make decisions for multiple‐others when they do not know each one's true preferences. Under such circumstances, we demonstrate perceptions of enhanced preference heterogeneity for multiple‐others, relative to the perceived preference of single‐others. As a result, choices for multiple‐others are more diversified than those for single‐others. We attribute this effect to the perceived uniqueness of others in the multiple‐other setting. Notably, when others are perceived as particularly unique, the inclination toward over‐diversification intensifies. However, this diversification often leads to choices that do not align with the true preferences of the individuals, causing potential mismatches in demand and supply. We conclude with a discussion on the implications of these findings for managers and suggest avenues for future research.
Changes in physical properties of universal composites andCAD/CAMmaterials after bleaching and antioxidant applications: Scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope evaluation
Authors: Tuysuz Oguz Kaan , Gurses Merve 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo evaluate the effects of vital bleaching agents and the subsequent application of ascorbic acid (AA) to universal composites and resin‐based CAD/CAM blocks on the physical properties of materials. In the study; G‐enial A'chord (GCA), Filtek Ultimate (FU), Clearfil Majesty (CM) composites, and LAVA Ultimate (LU), Cerasmart (GCC) CAD/CAM blocks were used. The materials were divided into two subgroups based on the applied bleaching type (n = 30/group): office bleaching (OB) and home bleaching (HB). After bleaching, AA was applied to the samples. Surface roughness, microhardness, and color change values of all samples were measured at three stages: initial (I), post‐bleaching (B), and post‐bleaching+AA application (BA). Statistical analysis was performed using 3‐way Mixed ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (p < .05). The BA of the HB group of CM; the B of the HB group of LU; the B roughness values of both the OB and HB groups of GCC were significantly lower than I. The microhardness values of all the materials examined decreased significantly after both bleaching (p < .05). With regard to the AA application, it significantly decreased Ra values in the HB group of CM. In addition, it significantly increased the microhardness values in the HB groups of CM and GCC. Also, the ΔE001 and ΔE002 values for the FU and GCC HB groups were significantly higher than in the OB groups (p < .05). Bleaching and AA application affected the physical properties of the materials. The physical properties of the materials either remained unchanged or improved with the application of AA after bleaching.Research HighlightsThis article presents in vitro results of a new approach that has not been studied before.Ascorbic acid, used to increase the bond strength between the material‐tooth after bleaching, was used to eliminate the adverse effects of bleaching on the physical properties of aesthetic restorative materials.Additionally, the effects of all procedures on the materials were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).As a result of the study, it was concluded that the application of ascorbic acid after bleaching improved the physical properties of some of the materials.
The shingled girl: Catherine Janet Hill and her contributions to embryology
Authors: Carter Anthony M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCatherine J. Hill is best remembered for her dedication to cataloguing the comprehensive embryological collection of her father J. P. Hill. Yet, her own research, during the interwar years, is little known. She made a significant contribution to interpreting the autonomic innervation of the gut, work that was presented to The Royal Society and earned her a PhD. Working in her father's laboratory, she then set about solving the sequence of secretions from the tubal epithelium and uterine glands that contributed the two layers of egg albumen and three shell layers of the monotreme egg. She was also the first to understand twinning in the marmoset and how two embryos came to share a single extraembryonic coelom, work that often is credited to J. P. Hill. Here. I explain how that happened and explore the context in which she and other female scientists worked at the time.
A regional attentive empirical orthogonal function analysis: An application to North Atlantic Oscillation
Authors: Li Dongshuang , Pan Liming , Wang Jian , Shi Chunhua , Yu Zhaoyuan , Yuan Linwang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEmpirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis is widely adopted for identifying spatial patterns in regular latitude‐longitude gridded geographical data. However, a standard EOF analysis could underestimate variances from low latitudes due to the increasing grid cell areas when moving toward the equator. A broadly adopted compensating approach is the area‐weighted EOF, where the grid data are multiplied by a factor proportional to the grid area, thereby forcing each datum to represent identical areas. In this article, we revisit the area‐weighting scheme and discuss its potential drawbacks. In particular, we show that along with compensating the unequal areas, another unaddressed issue is which region of the data is more relevant to our focused problem. We propose a regional attentive EOF (RA‐EOF) method, which resolves area‐compensation and region selection simultaneously. We conduct case studies of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) analysis and perform RA‐EOF to the sea level pressure variability in the North Atlantic sector. Experiments show that our method evidently detects the NAO pattern in the leading mode of sea level pressure variability and suggests the southwestward movement of the southern action centre of NAO during the summers. Our findings clarify the ambiguity about the summer NAO in previous studies. The proposed methodology provides a potent instrument for discerning the spatial distribution and analysing the temporal variability of atmospheric teleconnections and oscillations, particularly in cases characterized by weak signal strength.
Laboratory measuring of contact angles for liquid/solid surface and analysis with artificial neural network
Authors: Jaberi Sajad , Moradi Gholamreza , Alavi Fazel Seyed Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, the advancing and receding contact angles of three types of pure liquid on four different surfaces have been measured. The contact angles of the droplet have been measured by analysing the captured photo by tilted plate method. Droplet behaviour has been modelled by two experimental equations. Additionally, the data has been modelled by an artificial neural network using genetic algorithm and a hyperbolic tangent activation function. The input parameters are density, molecular weight of pure liquid and solid, viscosity and surface tension of pure liquid, roughness of the solid surface and the two outputs are advancing and receding contact angles of the droplet. Number of 81 data points were used for training, 27 data for validation and 28 data for testing. The topography of {7,7,2} for artificial neural network has been proposed. The resulting RMS errors were 8%, 8% and 7% for training, validation and testing, respectively.
Mixed H∞‐based finite‐time passive filtering for a class of uncertain nonlinear singular systems
Authors: Li Meiqing , Chen Wenbin , Shao Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article discusses the finite‐time mixed and passive filtering design problem for uncertain nonlinear singular systems. The parameter uncertainties are constrained by well‐defined upper bounds on their magnitudes. The objective is to design a full‐order filter to ensure that the augmented singular system to be finite‐time boundedness(FTB) with and passivity performance. Firstly, a sufficient condition for achieving singular finite‐time boundedness with mixed and passivity performance for uncertain nonlinear singular system is derived by introducing a free matrix. Secondly, a novel criterion is established for analyzing finite‐time and passivity problem of filtering error singular system based on augmented matrix technique. Thirdly, the filtering design conditions are presented and the relevant parameters of the desired filter are determined using linear matrix inequality decoupling principle. Finally, a practical circuit system and a numerical example are provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme.
TRPM2‐dependent autophagy inhibition exacerbates oxidative stress‐induced CXCL16 secretion by keratinocytes in vitiligo
Authors: Kang Pan , Wang Yinghan , Chen Jianru , Chang Yuqian , Zhang Weigang , Cui Tingting , Yi Xiuli , Li Shuli , Li Chunying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVitiligo is a depigmented skin disease due to the destruction of melanocytes. Under oxidative stress, keratinocyte‐derived chemokine C‐X‐C motif ligand 16 (CXCL16) plays a critical role in recruiting CD8+ T cells, which kill melanocytes. Autophagy serves as a protective cell survival mechanism and impairment of autophagy has been linked to increased secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines. However, the role of autophagy in the secretion of CXCL16 under oxidative stress has not been investigated. Herein, we initially found that autophagy was suppressed in both keratinocytes of vitiligo lesions and keratinocytes exposed to oxidative stress in vitro. Autophagy inhibition also promoted CXCL16 secretion. Furthermore, upregulated transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2 (TRPM2) functioned as an upstream oxidative stress sensor to inhibit autophagy. Moreover, TRPM2‐mediated Ca2+ influx activated calpain to shear autophagy related 5 (Atg5) and Atg12–Atg5 conjugate formation was blocked to inhibit autophagy under oxidative stress. More importantly, Atg5 downregulation enhanced the binding of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) to the CXCL16 promoter region by activating Tank‐binding kinase 1 (TBK1), thus promoting CXCL16 secretion. These findings suggested that TRPM2‐restrained autophagy promotes CXCL16 secretion via the Atg5‐TBK1‐IRF3 signaling pathway under oxidative stress. Inhibition of TRPM2 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of vitiligo. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
On‐Chip Optical Power Limiter for Quantum Communications
Authors: Alagappan Gandhi , Lim Soon Thor 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article presents an on‐chip optical power limiter that utilizes the thermo‐optical defocusing effect. A pair of input and output waveguides is designed to mimic emitting and receiving antennas. The waveguides are separated by a free‐space region filled with poly‐methyl‐meth‐acrylate (PMMA) material, which has a negative thermal‐optic coefficient that causes a decrease in refractive index with an increase in temperature. As the power in the input waveguide increases, the refractive index of the free‐space region decreases, which in turn increases the radiated beam's divergence angle with respect to input power. The empirical findings demonstrate that the non‐linear divergence angle can be written as , where θ0 represents the divergence angle of the equivalent Gaussian beam, k is a waveguide‐specific constant, and P is the input power. The edge of the receiving waveguide is tapered to adjust the coupling of the divergent beam to the output waveguide. The taper width is optimized to minimize insertion loss. The devices are two orders lengthwise smaller compared to the bulk demonstration, and they exhibit low loss ranging from 0.2 to 10 dB.
On the design and the digital implementation of observer‐based controllers for tracking of nonlinear time‐delay systems
Authors: Di Ferdinando M. , Pola G. , Di Gennaro S. , Pepe P. , Borri A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this article, the tracking control problem for a class of nonlinear time‐delay systems is investigated. In particular, a new methodology for the design and the digital implementation of observer‐based tracking controllers is provided for a class of control‐affine nonlinear systems with state delays. First, a procedure for the design of continuous‐time observer‐based tracking controllers ensuring the global asymptotic stability of the corresponding closed‐loop tracking error system is provided for the considered class of systems. Then, sufficient conditions are provided for the existence of a suitably fast sampling and of an accurate quantization of the input/output channels such that the digital implementation of the proposed continuous‐time observer‐based tracking controller ensures the semi‐global practical stability property of the related sampled‐data quantized closed‐loop tracking error system, with arbitrarily small final target ball of the origin. Moreover, it is shown that, in the special case of delay‐free nonlinear systems, the sufficient conditions provided for the digital implementation of the proposed continuous‐time observer‐based tracking controller can be strongly relaxed. In the theory here developed, time‐varying sampling periods and nonuniform quantization of the input/output channels are taken into account. The proposed results are validated through examples concerning a class of neural networks systems and a class of time‐delay systems including, as a special case, a delay‐free actuated inverted pendulum.
Unlocking the evaluation of university‐business collaborations on sustainable regional development: A comprehensive review and framework for place‐based policy initiatives
Authors: Olphin Catherine , Larty Joanne , Tyfield David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUniversity‐business collaborations (UBCs) are widely recognised as a key component within the sustainability effort, yet the literature on how we articulate the value which collaborations contribute towards a wider sustainable regional development agenda remains fragmented and disorganised, lacking synthesis and cumulativeness. Based on a recognised need to critically assess the state of the field, this paper presents a systematic review of a wide body of literature that seeks to evaluate the contribution of UBCs to sustainable regional development. Using a lens of place and knowledge, 131 articles are analysed and a framework is developed based on emerging categories of localism/universalism and pluralism/sovereignty. The framework provides a basis for both navigating approaches to evaluation, as well as enabling both researchers and practitioners to engage in more constructive discussions around the challenges and opportunities when evaluating UBCs in the wider context of place‐based government agendas for sustainable regional development.