bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between daily screen time and risk of stroke among middle-aged and elderly people: research based on China health and nutrition survey
Authors: Ren Yaxin , Sun Kejuan , Rong Yueqing , Song Shiming , Zhai Yijing , Miao Junjie , Shi Hongmei , Xue Hongmei , Li Zengning 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundWe aimed to explore the independent associations between screen time and the risk of stroke among Chinese adults based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS).MethodsData on Chinese adults aged older than 40 years from the CHNS in during 2004–2009 were selected. A total of 4,587 individuals were included in 2009, including screen time and the risk of stroke. Simultaneously, we traced the previous screen time to 2004 for those with outcome measures in 2009 (n = 2,100). Basic information, lifestyle, and screen behavior were obtained through face-to-face interviews and self-completed questionnaires. Anthropometric data collected included blood pressure, body weight, height, hip circumference, and waist circumference. Fasting blood was obtained for measurements of lipid and glucose levels. Cross-sectional analysis and cohort analysis were both performed using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsOf all participants, 3,004 (65.49%) participants spent more than 2 h per day on screen time. Taking the men who spent less than 2 h on screen per day as reference, the crude odds ratio (OR) of the high risk of stroke was 1.53 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.20–1.95] for the men who spent 2–3 h per day on screen and 2.37 (95% CI, 1.78–3.16) for the men who spent more than 3 h per day on screen. This difference remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors. No association was observed among women. However, in the cohort analysis with screen time in 2006 as the independent variable, the association between screen time and stroke risk was found both in men [OR, 1.83 (95% CI, 1.19–2.82)] and women [OR, 1.48 (95% CI, 1.10–1.99)]).ConclusionWe found that the high screen time was associated with an increased stroke risk, which was pronounced in men, warranting a universal need to limit screen time in order to improve health.
Algae as a source of protein in the sustainable food and gastronomy industry
Authors: Procházka Petr , Abrham Josef , Cerveny Jaroslav , Soukupová Jana , Ouma Christine Nabwire , Mullen Kevin Jan , Sanova Petra , Smutka Lubos 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe paper aims to examine the prospects of algae production as a source of protein in the European market. As well as highlighting the promising developments in the algae food industry in Europe. By 2027, it is expected that the algae protein market will be worth approximately USD 300 million.MethodsWe conducted thematic analysis and synthesis of scientific literature and conceptual documents at the European level.ResultsThe studies reviewed show that the nutritional value of food products can be increased by using algae. The production of algae for food should be encouraged in Europe because it is a viable alternative protein source. To fully utilize algae as a source of protein, however, a number of technological, regulatory, and market-related obstacles must be resolved despite the indicative advantages. Developing cost-effective and efficient methods for algae cultivation, harvesting, and processing are also necessary. Uniform and consistent regulations are needed to guarantee the safety and quality of products that contain algae, as well as consumer awareness campaigns and education about the advantages of algae protein.ConclusionIn addition to providing evidence of the viability of algae production as a source of food, this study demonstrates that algae land needs are negligible compared to other protein sources—animal-based like pork, chicken and beef production but also plant-based alternatives such as nuts, pulses, grains and peas. Furthermore, results in this study may inspire a more targeted focus on algae production as a source of nutrition and inspire more organizations around the world to move ahead with the alternative protein source production from algae.
Supplementation of dietary areca nut extract modulates the growth performance, cecal microbiota composition, and immune function in Wenchang chickens
Authors: Wang Shiping , Wang Hong , Jiang Qicheng , Dai Jiahui , Dai Wenting , Kang Xiaoning , Xu Tieshan , Zheng Xinli , Fu An , Xing Zengyang , Chen Yiyong , He Zhongchun , Lu Lizhi , Gu Lihong 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe study was aimed at evaluating the effects of areca nut extract (ANE) on the growth performance, cecal microbiota, and immunity of Wenchang chickens.MethodsFor this study, 42-day-old healthy Wenchang chickens (n = 450) with similar body weight were chosen. The animals were randomly divided into five groups, with six replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate. One group was fed a basal diet (control; CCK). The remaining four groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with varying ANE concentrations: 0.038, 0.063, 0.100, and 0.151 g/kg, with the groups denoted as CNT1, CNT2, CNT3, and CNT4, respectively. The feeding experiment lasted 35 days. The ligated cecum segments of the control and experimental groups were collected for metabolomic and metagenomic analysis, while the bone marrow samples were extracted for tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis.ResultsAll the experimental groups exhibited significantly higher average daily gain (ADG) and significantly lower feed-to-weight (F/G) ratios than CCK. Metabolomic screening of the cecum contents revealed the presence of 544 differential metabolites, including several gut health–related metabolites, such as xanthine, hydroxy hypoxanthine, 2,5-dimethylhydrazine, ganoderic acid, and 2-aminohexanoic acid. Metagenomic analysis of the cecum contents showed an upregulation in the abundance of Prevotella spp. in the experimental groups. However, we observed no significant differences in the abundances of other cecal microbes at phylum and genus levels. Furthermore, we observed significant associations between Prevotella spp. and the differentially abundant metabolites, such as cherubins, thiaburimamide, and 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, (r)-mevalonate, 5-O-methylalloptaeroxylin, nalidixic acid, and deoxyloganin (p &lt; 0.05). Proteomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed proteins (such as interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 5 (IFIT5), MHC-BF1, and death domain-associated protein (Daxx)) in the bone marrow of the chickens were primarily enriched in the immune network for IgA production and B cell receptor signaling pathway.ConclusionIn conclusion, dietary ANE supplementation was found to enhance metabolic activity and energy utilization, improve growth performance, modulate cecal microbiota, and strengthen the immunity of Wenchang chickens.
BnPLP1 Positively Regulates Flowering Time, Plant Height, and Main Inflorescence Length in Brassica napus
Authors: Ding Ting , Cai Lei , He Yuqi , Li Yuanhong , Tian Entang , Zhou Qianhui , Zhou Xufan , Wang Xiaodong , Yu Kunjiang , Shen Xinjie 
Published: December 2023

Protein prenylation mediated by the Arabidopsis thaliana PLURIPETALA (AtPLP) gene plays a crucial role in plant growth, development, and environmental response by adding a 15-carbon farnesyl group or one to two 20-carbon geranylgeranyl groups onto one to two cysteine residues at the C-terminus of the target protein. However, the homologous genes and their functions of AtPLP in rapeseed are unclear. In this study, bioinformatics analysis and gene cloning demonstrated the existence of two homologous genes of AtPLP in the Brassica napus L. genome, namely, BnPLP1 and BnPLP2. Evolutionary analysis revealed that BnPLP1 originated from the B. rapa L. genome, while BnPLP2 originated from the B. oleracea L. genome. Genetic transformation analysis revealed that the overexpression of BnPLP1 in Arabidopsis plants exhibited earlier flowering initiation, a prolonged flowering period, increased plant height, and longer main inflorescence length compared to the wild type. Contrarily, the downregulation of BnPLP1 expression in B. napus plants led to delayed flowering initiation, shortened flowering period, decreased plant height, and reduced main inflorescence length compared to the wild type. These findings indicate that the BnPLP1 gene positively regulates flowering time, plant height, and main inflorescence length. This provides a new gene for the genetic improvement of flowering time and plant architecture in rapeseed.
Taxonomic Structure and Wing Pattern Evolution in the Parnassius mnemosyne Species Complex (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae)
Authors: Lukhtanov Vladimir A. , Zakharov Evgeny V. 
Published: December 2023

In our study, using the analysis of DNA barcodes and morphology (wing color, male genitalia, and female sphragis shape), we show that the group of species close to P. mnemosyne comprises the western and eastern phylogenetic lineages. The eastern lineage includes P. stubbendorfii, P. glacialis, and P. hoenei. The western lineage includes three morphologically similar species: P. mnemosyne (Western Eurasia), P. turatii (southwestern Europe), and P. nubilosus stat. nov. (Turkmenistan and NE Iran), as well as the morphologically differentiated P. ariadne (Altai). The latter species differs from the rest of the group in the presence of red spots on the wings. Parnassius mnemosyne s.s. is represented by four differentiated mitochondrial clusters that show clear association with specific geographic regions. We propose to interpret them as subspecies: P. mnemosyne mnemosyne (Central and Eastern Europe, N Caucasus, N Turkey), P. mnemosyne adolphi (the Middle East), P. mnemosyne falsa (Tian Shan), and P. mnemosyne gigantea (Gissar-Alai in Central Asia). We demonstrate that in P. ariadne, the red spots on the wing evolved as a reversion to the ancestral wing pattern. This reversion is observed in Altai, where the distribution areas of the western lineage, represented by P. ariadne, and the eastern lineage, represented by P. stubbendorfii, overlap. These two species hybridize in Altai, and we hypothesize that the color change in P. ariadne is the result of reinforcement of prezygotic isolation in the contact zone. The lectotype of Parnassius mnemosyne var. nubilosus Christoph, 1873, is designated.
Dynamics of Cardicola spp. Infection in Ranched Southern Bluefin Tuna: First Observation of C. orientalis at Transfer
Authors: Carabott Melissa J. , Power Cecilia , Widdicombe Maree , Rough Kirsten , Nowak Barbara F. , Bott Nathan J. 
Published: December 2023

Aporocotylid blood flukes Cardicola forsteri and C. orientalis are an ongoing health concern for the Southern Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus maccoyii, SBT) industry, where infections can lead to morbidity and mortality in ranched SBT populations. This study compared blood fluke infection in SBT from two companies during the 2021 ranching season. Both companies administered the same dosage of praziquantel approximately 5 weeks after transfer, feeding with frozen baitfish daily; the only difference in the company’s practices was that the pontoons were located 2.5 km apart. Infection severity was measured as prevalence and intensity by quantifying adult C. forsteri in SBT heart and copy numbers of C. forsteri and C. orientalis ITS-2 DNA in SBT heart and gills. Data from the 2018 and 2019 harvests of SBT were used to make comparisons with 2021 harvest data. Cardicola orientalis was detected at transfer and no longer detected after treatment with praziquantel. Cardicola spp. were present in 83% of sampled SBT in 2021. Both companies demonstrated similar patterns of infection, and Company A had higher prevalence and intensity of Cardicola spp. infection. Based on C. forsteri ITS-2 DNA, infection intensity at harvest was significantly greater for both companies in 2021 when compared to 2018 and 2019. Continued monitoring of Cardicola spp. in SBT and improvements in diagnostics contribute to our understanding of Cardicola spp. epizootiology and the detection of changes in treatment efficacy.
Serially connected strip-type acoustic wave resonator using X-40°Y LiNbO3 (XSAR)—feasibility study using macro model
Authors: Guo Yong , Kadota Michio , Tanaka Shuji 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This work presents a new serially connected strip-type acoustic resonator using X40°Y-LiNbO3 (LN) (XSAR). The proposed design is composed of a serial of strip-type bulk acoustic wave resonators connected together. The volume between two strips is penetrated through to eliminate the spurious response and enhance quality (Q) factor. The Euler angle (90°, 90°, 40°) of LN is optimized to obtain the maximal piezoelectric constant e
34, which determines the coupling factor of shear mode of the resonator. Simulation results show that the new design is superior in terms of impedance ratio (Z-ratio) and bandwidth (BW) and exhibits the largest BW of 32% ever reported. The slow shear mode spurious response is successfully removed by the proposed penetrated structure combined with narrow strip. Furthermore, the device was prototyped in macro scale using 350 μm thick LN, by which the ultra-wide BW and potentially good performance in HF were confirmed.
Ultralow thermal conductivity of amorphous silicon–germanium thin films for alloy and disorder scattering determined by 3ω method and nanoindentation
Authors: Tanisawa Daiki , Shionozaki Yoshiyuki , Takizawa Tetsuya , Yamaguchi Asato , Murotani Hiroshi , Takashiri Masayuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The ultralow thermal conductivity (1.3 W/(m∙K)) of amorphous silicon–germanium films for alloy and disorder scattering was investigated using the 3ω method and nanoindentation. The films exhibited the lowest phonon mean free path (MFP) of 0.5 nm compared to that of amorphous silicon (1.1 nm) and germanium (0.9 nm) films, owing to alloy scattering in the silicon–germanium films. Based on Matthiessen’s rule, the phonon MFPs of the amorphous silicon–germanium films contributing to alloy and disorder scattering were calculated to be 1.0 nm for both. Therefore, alloy and disorder scattering contribute equally to the reduction in the phonon MFP.
Phononic band calculations and experimental imaging of topological boundary modes in a hexagonal flexural wave machine
Authors: Takeda Hayato , Minami Ryoya , Matsuda Osamu , Wright Oliver B. , Tomoda Motonobu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We construct a two-dimensional mechanical wave machine based on a hexagonal lattice to investigate low-frequency flexural plate waves whose propagation mimicks a topological quantum valley Hall system. We thereby demonstrate “mechanical graphene” by extension of the one-dimensional Shive wave machine to two dimensions. Imaging experiments, backed up by simulations, reveal the presence of boundary modes along a topological interface. This work provides an alternative route for the investigation of topological phononic crystals, and should lead to new insights into the design and observation of artificial phononic structures.
Eksplorasi Ekstraksi Pewarna Alami dari Buah dan Tumbuhan untuk Aplikasi Produk untuk Anak usia 0-6 bulan
Authors: Gumulya Devanny , Gunawan Casey 
Published: December 2023

Penggunaan pewarna alami penting bagi produk anak-anak, karena memiliki peran krusial dalam menjaga kesehatan, keamanan, serta dapat memberikan aspek pendidikan yang berharga bagi mereka. Studi ini bertujuan untuk merancang mainan berkelanjutan yang berwarna-warni dan diwarnai dengan pewarna alami untuk memberikan stimulasi sensori yang sesuai bagi anak berusia 0-6 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi metodologi eksperimental dan desain. Eksperimen dilakukan untuk menentukan tanaman yang paling cocok yang menawarkan spektrum warna yang luas, kain organik terbaik, dan teknik pewarnaan yang optimal. Sementara itu, proses desain diimplementasikan dalam menciptakan dua mainan lembut yang menyediakan berbagai stimulasi sensori, termasuk pengalaman visual, auditori, dan taktil. Berdasarkan proses penelitian, studi ini merekomendasikan penggunaan pewarna alami bagi mainan anak. Ditemukan bahwa kain organik katun dan hemp dapat diwarnai dengan biji alpukat, kunyit, dan bunga telang. Bahan kain ini dapat digunakan untuk merancang mainan yang aman dan ramah lingkungan bagi anak usia 0-6 bulan. Selain itu, studi ini menekankan pentingnya memperhatikan tahap perkembangan anak, pemilihan bahan, fleksibilitas, dan metode manufaktur dalam proses mendesain mainan berkelanjutan. Hasil penelitian memberikan panduan praktis tentang cara mengintegrasikan pewarna alami dalam perancangan produk, yang dapat membantu desainer produk dalam mengembangkan produk-produk berkelanjutan yang lebih luas dan beragam
Optimasi Genetic Algorithm (GA) Untuk Pencarian Rute Terpendek Distribusi Barang XYZ
Authors: Hani Zulfia Zahro'  , Santi Wahyuni Febriana , Panji Sasmito Agung 
Published: December 2023

Permasalahan pada pencarian rute dalam proses pendistribusian barang XYZ merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi pada suatu pemilik usaha/ perusahaan. Dengan penentuan rute terpendek dalam distribusi barang dari Gudang ke agen-agen dan mempertimbang jarak, waktu tempuh, serta biaya yang harus dikeluarkan. Metode Algoritma Genetika (GA) ini merupakan suatu algoritma untuk menyelesaikan masalahan optimasi, menggunakan konsep evolusi teori Darwin. Proses Algoritma Genetika ini dengan mengambil populasi awal dengan cara operasi genetika untuk membentuk generasi selanjutnya. Tahapan pada algoritma genetika ini dengan cara melakukan inisialisasi awal untuk menetukan populasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan pencarian nilai fitness dari masing-masing kromosom. Dilakukan proses crossover, mutasi, dan perhitungan nilai fitness evaluasi, seleksi sehingga diperoleh populasi baru.
Rattan Species Inventory in Rawa Singkil Region of Conservation Forest Management Unit Area
Authors: Syam Nasrianti , Siregar Mawaddah Putri Arisma , Kusumawardani Eva Flourentina , Harahap Laila Apriani Hasanah , Fadilah Mardi , Saputra Firman Firdauz , Siahaan Perry Boy Chandra 
Published: December 2023

Rawa Singkil region of Conservation Forest Management Area (KPHK) is a sanctuary for fauna teeming with an abundance of plant species. The species diversity is predominantly constituted of rattan and other non-timber forest products. This investigation seeks to compile a list of the various species of rattan found in the Rawa Singkil KPHK region. Therefore, thisÂ study was carried out in the Rawa Singkil region of KPHK were located in the Aceh Singkil Regency of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Spanning an area of 82,374 ha, this territory comprises nearly fifty percent peat ecosystem. A survey is utilized as the research strategy, with data acquisition conducted via sampling techniques. Moreover, the acquired data were subjected to descriptive analysis on the basis of morphological attributes, encompassing the following morphological characteristics: 1) the stem (including characteristics such as height, diameter, color, internode length, and thorn shape); 2) the leaf, including its length, ocrea, leaf count, leaf color, and leaf surface; 3) knee (color and outline of the knee); 4) thorn; (spine color, length of longest spines, position of spines, and length of shortest spines). Eight species of rattan were discovered in this region, i.e Plectocomia elongata Mart., Daemonorops mattanensis Becc, Daemonorops melanochaetes, Korthalsia echinometra Becc, and Calamus ornatus Blume
Analysis of Student Learning Difficulties in Online Learning Excretory System Material at Junior High School of SMP Negeri 2 Pinogaluman
Authors: Al-Hamid Nurjihan Nissa , Ahmad Jusna , Dama Lilan , Nusantari Elya , Solang Margaretha , Lamondo Djuna 
Published: December 2023

Online learning is a learning system that uses internet media in the learning process. Applications that are usually used in online learning are WhatsApp, Youtube, google meet, google Classroom, and other online media. This study aims to determine the difficulties experienced by students during the online learning process on excretory system material at SMP Negeri 2 Pinogaluman. The subjects of the study were classes VIIIA and VIIIB SMP Negeri 2 Pinogaluman for the 2021/2022 Academic Year with a total of 40 respondents. The form of research is Quantitative Description. Data collection techniques in this study were carried outÂ by survey method, namely by distributing questionnaires using internal factors consisting of cognitive, affective, interest, motivation, and intelligence indicators and using external factors consisting of indicators of the family environment, community environment, and government environment to students. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that students experience learning difficulties during the online learning process of excretory system material. The percentage of internal factors and external factors that affect learning difficulties is 66% which indicates that student response is low so that students experience high learning difficulties. Students experience difficulties in cognitive aspects with an average low percentage of Â reasoning ability of Â 49%
Structure and Composition Seedling Plant in the Campus Forest of UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi
Authors: Nurfadillah Nurfadillah , Susanti Try , Manurung Aini Qomariah , Riany Hesti 
Published: December 2023

Seedlings are the first stands that grow to replace damaged forest vegetation. Seedlings can have a positive impact on the balance of the wider ecosystem, because seedlings are the beginning of an ecosystem regeneration process that is greatly influenced byÂ thatÂ ecosystem The purpose of this research to information regarding the structure and composition of seedling in the UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi Campus Forest. This research was carried out in July 2022 â€“ March 2023. The research location was determined using the Purposive Sampling Method, determining the plot using systematic sampling, and data collection using the quadratic method with a size of 2 m x 2 m. The observation results were analyzed using the Importance Value Index, Shannon-Winner Diversity Index, Morisita Index, and the Evenness Index. The research results found that there were 332 individuals, 84 types of seedlings, belonging to 28 families. The highest Importance Value Index (INP) is Gmelina arborea Roxb (11.19%), the Diversity Index (H') is in the high category (H' 3.94). The evenness index (E) (0.89) is in the high (even) category.
La Innovación en los Modelos de Negocio, una Estrategia para la Competitividad de las Mipymes
Authors: Aguirre Franco Sandra Lucia , Caldera González Diana del Consuelo 
Published: December 2023

El objetivo es hacer un análisis documental sobre los conceptos de innovación, modelo de negocios y competitividad que permita entender el quehacer empresarial de las MiPymes y sus implicaciones hacia la creación de valor, mediante el incremento de clientes o usuarios de los productos o servicios ofrecidos y las ventajas competitivas, siendo este un aporte al lector, abordando de igual manera factores estratégicos que tiene la innovación y que conlleven a establecer las tendencias investigativas sobre el tema. Es un trabajo documental en el cual se consultaron diversas fuentes como revistas, libros y demás literatura ubicada en Scopus, Scielo, Google scholar y demás bases de datos para tener un marco de referencia estructurado. Si bien los modelos de negocio permiten tener una organización estructurada, las nuevas dinámicas empresariales fundamentadas en los avances tecnológicos aunados a la innovación, son imprescindibles y permiten atender de manera oportuna las demandas del mercado, siendo este un elemento que coadyuva a la adaptabilidad de nuevos procesos innovadores en cada eslabón de la cadena productiva, como a la creación de valor, siendo este un escenario de gran relevancia para el consumidor final, como también una respuesta desde la responsabilidad social empresarial a cada una de sus partes involucradas.