bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full syndromal versus subthreshold anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder: A multicenter study
Authors: Crow Scott J. , Stewart Agras W. , Halmi Katherine , Mitchell James E. , Kraemer Helena C. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractObjectiveThe diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED) establish symptom severity levels, which are used to separate full cases from partial cases. However, the value of these distinctions is unclear.MethodThree hundred eighty‐five women with full or partial AN, BN, or BED were assessed at entry into a longitudinal study of eating disorders.ResultsStepwise discriminant analysis revealed that full and partial BN were discriminated by the Yale‐Brown‐Cornell Eating Disorders Scale total scores (kappa = .46). However, it was not possible to discriminate between full and partial AN or BED. Discriminant analysis also demonstrated clear differences between full AN, BN, and BED.DiscussionFull BN can be differentiated from partial BN by more severe eating disorder symptoms, whereas both full and partial AN and full and partial BED appear quite similar. These results emphasize the distinct nature of AN, BN, and BED, as well as the similarities between full and partial cases. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 32: 309–318, 2002.
Prospective predictors of the onset of anorexic and bulimic syndromes
Authors: Tyrka Audrey R. , Waldron Ingrid , Graber Julia A. , Brooks‐Gunn Jeanne 
Published: September 2002

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated prospective predictors of lifetime history diagnoses of partial‐ and full‐syndrome anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa (referred to as anorexic syndrome and bulimic syndrome.)MethodParticipants were 157 females who were studied initially in the 7th–10th grades (ages 12–16) and followed‐up 2 and 8 years later in middle adolescence (ages 14–18) and young adulthood (ages 20–24), respectively. A telephone interview to determine lifetime history of anorexic and bulimic syndromes was conducted in young adulthood.ResultsIn multivariate analyses controlling for initial eating symptoms, initial perfectionism and low body weight predicted young adult onset of anorexic syndrome, and initial negative emotion predicted young adult onset of bulimic syndrome.DiscussionOur findings suggest that adolescent girls who are initially thin and also adhere to perfectionistic standards may be at risk for developing anorexic syndrome. For bulimia, negative affect may contribute to the development of the binge–purge cycle. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 32: 282–290, 2002.
Gastric dilatation in a girl with former obesity and atypical anorexia nervosa
Authors: Holtkamp Kristian , Mogharrebi Rubin , Hanisch Charlotte , Schumpelick Volker , Herpertz‐Dahlmann Beate 
Published: September 2002

AbstractObjectiveThis case report describes a 16 year‐old girl of normal weight with acute gastric dilatation due to binge eating habits.Method and ResultsPsychiatric assessment revealed a history of obesity and later atypical anorexia nervosa, but no current diagnosis of a typical eating disorder. After one month of daily binges a food excess was followed by an acute massive gastric dilatation which led to a laparotomy.DiscussionClinicians should be aware that abnormal eating habits may cause severe somatic complications even in patients of normal weight who are not currently diagnosed as having a typical eating disorder. Careful investigation of eating habits might have resulted in therapeutic gastric emptying at an earlier stage, thus avoiding the need for surgery in our patient. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 32: 372–376, 2002.
Voltage sag compensation with minimum energy injection by use of a micro‐SMES
Authors: Polmai Sompob , Ise Toshifumi , Kumagai Sadatoshi 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper presents a method to compensate voltage sags with minimum energy injection for a series‐connected voltage restorer using a micro‐SMES. A circuit for extracting the fundamental symmetrical components from sag voltages and a minimum energy injection algorithm is described. Simulations of voltage sag compensation have been carried out using PSCAD/EMTDC for various faults. The simulation results confirm the validity of the proposed method and show the possibility of reducing the size of energy storage devices. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 141(3): 70–80, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.10047
Electric field calculation in composite dielectrics by curved surface charge method based on electric flux continuity condition
Authors: Hamada Shoji , Takuma Tadasu 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper describes triangular surface charge methods (SCM) using a curved shape function for calculating electric fields in composite dielectrics. In SCM, the boundary condition on dielectric surface is conventionally represented by the point matching of a normal component of electric flux density (Dn), which we call the Dp method. We have proposed a method based on the continuity equation of electric flux, which is termed the Φs method. The electric flux is calculated by numerically integrating Dn on each corresponding partial area with proper weight functions. When the continuity of the electric potential (V) is also needed, the point matching of V is adopted conventionally (Vp method). We have applied the same integral procedure as the Φs method to the continuity condition of V by replacing Dn with V for the kernel of the integral equation, and we obtained a new representation of potential condition (Vs method).We have computed the electric field for a spherical dielectric under a uniform field. The calculated results show that the Φs method improves the accuracy of the field by about two orders compared with the Dp method, and that the Vs method gives accuracy comparable to the Vp method. The proposed techniques attain the accuracy of the electric field at the spherical center almost equal to the accuracy of the total surface area of the simulating sphere. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 141(3): 9–16, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.2017
Mammalian cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity analysis of drinking water disinfection by‐products
Authors: Plewa Michael J. , Kargalioglu Yahya , Vankerk Danielle , Minear Roger A. , Wagner Elizabeth D. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractCytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays were used to analyze drinking water disinfection by‐products (DBPs) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) AS52 cells. The DBPs were chosen because they are common in drinking water, resulting from conventional disinfection using chlorination and chloramination. Data were also available to compare these results with cytotoxicity and mutagenicity studies in Salmonella typhimurium. The rank order in decreasing chronic cytotoxicity measured in a microplate‐based assay was bromoacetic acid (BA) ≫ 3‐chloro‐4‐(dichloromethyl)‐5‐hydroxy‐2[5H]‐furanone (MX) > dibromoacetic acid (DBA) > chloroacetic acid (CA) > KBrO3 > tribromoacetic acid (TBA) > EMS (ethylmethanesulfonate, positive control) > dichloroacetic acid (DCA) > trichloroacetic acid (TCA). The induction of DNA strand breaks by these agents was measured by alkaline single‐cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE, comet assay) and the rank order in decreasing genotoxicity was BA ≫ MX > CA > DBA > TBA > EMS > KBrO3, while DCA and TCA were refractory. BA was more cytotoxic (31×) and genotoxic (14×) than MX in CHO cells. BA was over 400× more genotoxic than potassium bromate. The brominated haloacetic acids (HAAs) were more cytotoxic and genotoxic than their chlorinated analogs. The HAAs expressed a statistically significant inverse relationship in CHO cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity as a function of increased numbers of halogen atoms per molecule. A quantitative comparison was conducted with results from a previous study with cytotoxicity and mutagenicity in S. typhimurium. There was no correlation between chronic CHO cell and bacterial cell cytotoxicity. DBP‐induced CHO cell cytotoxicity was not related to mutagenic potency in S. typhimurium. Cytotoxicity in CHO cells was statistically significant and highly correlated to CHO cell genotoxicity. Finally, we determined that the DBP genotoxic potency in CHO cells and the mutagenic potency in S. typhimurium were not related. This suggests that toxicity data in S. typhimurium did not quantitatively predict the toxic effects of DBPs in mammalian cell systems. The microplate CHO cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays were well suited for the analysis of DBPs, especially when the quantity of test material is limited. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 40:134–142, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Involvement of cell cycle control in bleomycin‐induced mutagen sensitivity
Authors: Cloos Jacqueline , Temmink Olaf , Ceelen Manon , Snel Mireille H.J. , Leemans Charles R. , Braakhuis Boudewijn J.M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractBleomycin‐induced chromosomal instability, generally referred to as mutagen sensitivity, is associated with an increased risk for the development of environmentally related cancer including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung cancer. On average, the cultured lymphocytes of patients with these types of cancer show an increased number of chromatid breaks per cell after bleomycin exposure in the late S or G2 phase of the cell cycle as compared to lymphocytes from control persons. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether cell cycle regulation is involved in mutagen sensitivity. We determined cell cycle arrest after bleomycin‐induced DNA damage in 21 lymphoblastoid cell lines that varied in mutagen sensitivity score. An ataxia telangiectasia (AT) cell line was included for comparison. Using a cut‐off point of 0.70 breaks per cell, eight cell lines were classified as insensitive and 13 cell lines showed the hypersensitive phenotype. Compared to insensitive cell lines, bleomycin‐treated hypersensitive cells remained at a relatively high level of DNA synthesis, as measured by thymidine incorporation, and showed a decreased accumulation of cells in G2 and M phase, as measured by flow cytometry. AT cells showed an extremely high mutagen sensitivity score, a high level of DNA synthesis, and a strong G2 block. In conclusion, mutagen sensitivity is associated with “damage‐resistant growth,” which is indicative of impaired cell cycle arrest. By which specific pathway(s) this checkpoint defect is explained has yet to be elucidated; however, it is probably distinct from the checkpoint defect in AT cells. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 40:79–84, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two UVC‐induced stress response pathways in HeLa cells identified by cDNA microarray
Authors: Guo Yueliang Leon , Chang Hsien‐Chang , Tsai Jui‐He , Huang Jong‐Chi , Li Ching , Young Kung‐Chia , Wu Li‐Wha , Lai Ming‐Der , Liu Hsiao‐Sheng , Huang Wenya 
Published: September 2002

AbstractEnvironmental toxins induce multiple effects in vivo, involving various molecular pathways. The ultraviolet C (UVC, 254 nm) component of sunlight can cause strong cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. In this study, UVC‐induced stress response factors were analyzed by cDNA microarray, using the Millennium® Nylon membrane chip system. HeLa cells were irradiated with 30 Joule/m2/sec UVC, incubated for 30 or 60 minutes and then subjected to the analysis. Multiple chips were used for each experimental condition so that the data could be analyzed statistically. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify groups of genes whose expression changed in a similar manner with time post‐UVC irradiation. Three major factors were identified, depending on the directionality of expression changes in each gene. The factor loadings in all three identified gene groups were high, indicating that genes within each group were highly correlated. Two factors exhibited significantly changed expression patterns after 30 minutes of incubation but in the opposite direction. This indicates that the “immediate early” UVC‐induced stress response was elicited by two major pathways. Interestingly, expression of the genomic damage‐inducible GADD genes, as well as p53, was initially decreased, unlike the “immediate early” genes Fos/Jun and Egr‐1, which were strongly increased after 30 minutes of incubation. The results indicate that PCA used in the analysis of pre‐hypothesized, functionally related genes can identify the potential subpathways in a group. This method provides a novel approach for identifying functionally‐related genes in microarray studies. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 40:122–128, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p53 codon 72 polymorphism in coronary artery disease: No evidence for association with increased risk or micronucleus frequency
Authors: Manfredi Samantha , Masetti Serena , Botto Nicoletta , Colombo Maria Giovanna , Terrazzi Marco , Vassalle Cristina , Biagini Andrea , Andreassi Maria Grazia 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA common polymorphism at codon 72 (Arg72Pro) of the p53 gene, a gene which codes for a tumor‐suppressor protein with both antiproliferative and pro‐apoptotic actions, has recently been reported to be a risk factor for coronary luminal narrowing after angioplasty. However, the association of the polymorphism with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk has not been studied. We evaluated the distribution of the Arg72Pro genotype in 250 patients, 180 with angiographically documented CAD and 70 with normal coronary angiography, by using polymerase chain reaction amplification of patient DNA followed by restriction enzyme digestion. We also examined the association between the Arg72Pro genotype and chromosome damage in 82 male patients (60 CAD and 22 no‐CAD) by the micronucleus (MN) test in human lymphocytes, a sensitive assay for chromosome breakage and aneuploidy. The frequencies of Pro/Pro, Pro/Arg, and Arg/Arg genotypes in CAD patients were not significantly different from those who were CAD‐free (χ2 = 0.20, P = 0.90) and not significantly associated with the extent and severity of CAD. A significant increase in MN frequency was observed in relation to smoking status (8.4 ± 0.6, 11.9 ± 1 and 12.0 ± 1.6, for non smokers, ex‐smokers and smokers, respectively; P = 0.02). Moreover, diabetic patients showed higher levels of MN than normal patients (13.5 ± 1.4 vs. 9.6 ± 0.5, P = 0.0025). Also, MN frequency was significantly higher in CAD patients than in no‐CAD patients (11.2 ± 0.7 vs. 8.0 ± 0.9, P = 0.02) and increased with the number of affected vessels (9.3 ± 0.1, 12.2 ± 1.5 and 12.5 ± 1.3 for one‐, two‐, and three‐vessel disease, respectively; P = 0.02). However, there were no associations between MN frequency and the Arg72Pro polymorphism. Although there appears to be an association between CAD and MN frequency, our results indicate that the Arg72Pro polymorphism does not have a significant impact on CAD or MN frequencies. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 40:110–115, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DNA sequence analysis of interlocus recombination between the human T‐cell receptor gamma variable (GV) and beta diversity‐joining (BD/BJ) sequences on chromosome 7 (inversion 7)
Authors: Ballinger Scott W. , Judice Stephen A. , Nicklas Janice A. , Albertini Richard J. , O'Neill J. Patrick 
Published: September 2002

AbstractV(D)J recombinase‐mediated recombination between the T‐cell receptor (TCR) gamma variable (GV) genes at chromosome 7p15 and the TCR beta joining (BJ) genes at 7q35 leads to the formation of a hybrid TCR gene. These TCR gamma/beta interlocus rearrangements occur at classic V(D)J recombination signal sequences (RSS) and, because the loci are in an inverted orientation, result in inversion events that are detectable in the chromosome structure as inv(7)(p15;q35). Similar rearrangements involving oncogenes and either TCR or immunoglobulin genes mediated by the V(D)J recombinase are found in lymphoid malignancies. Oligonucleotide primers that allow polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification across the inv(7) genomic recombination junction sequence have been described. Southern blot analysis has been primarily used to confirm the GV/BJ hybrid nature of the product, with limited information on the DNA sequence of these recombinations. We have modified this PCR method using total genomic DNA from the mononuclear cells in peripheral blood samples to increase specificity and to allow direct sequencing of the translocation junction that results from the recombination between the GV1 and BJ1 families of TCR genes in 25 examples from 11 individuals (three adults, one child, six newborns, and one ataxia telangiectasia (AT) patient). We focused on samples from newborns based on previous studies indicating that the predominant hypoxanthine‐guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) mutations in newborns are V(D)J recombinase‐mediated deletion events and that the frequency of these mutations decreases with increasing age. Although the dilution series‐based PCR assay utilized does not yield sharply defined quantitative endpoints, results of this study strongly suggest that inv(7) recombinations in newborns occur at equal or lower frequencies than those seen in adults. Consistent with the PCR primer pairs, all sequenced products contain a GV1 and a BJ1 segment and most also contain a BD1 segment. GV1s2 and 1s4 were the most frequently found GV1 genes (8 and 9 examples, respectively) and BJ1s5 and 1s6 were the most frequently found BJ1 genes (9 and 10 examples, respectively). These results demonstrate the effectiveness of this methodology for assessing GV/BJ interlocus rearrangements mediated by V(D)J recombinase. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 40:85–92, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Occupational exposure to pesticides and cytogenetic damage: Results of a Hungarian population study using the micronucleus assay in lymphocytes and buccal cells
Authors: Pastor Susana , Creus Amadeu , Xamena Noel , Siffel Csaba , Marcos Ricard 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe frequency of micronuclei (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes and in buccal epithelial cells was used as a biomarker of genotoxic effects resulting from occupational exposure to pesticides. In addition, the cytokinesis‐block proliferation index (CBPI) was calculated to detect possible variations in the proliferative kinetics of lymphocytes due to pesticide exposure. This study was performed on 84 pesticide‐exposed workers and 65 unexposed controls from Hungary. The pesticide‐exposed workers, classified as moderately and highly exposed, were also evaluated separately. Statistical evaluation of the cytogenetic biomarkers indicated that there were no significant differences between pesticide‐exposed workers and controls, nor between moderately and highly exposed workers. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis revealed that additional factors such as age, sex, ingestion of raw vegetables, and working as a pesticide applicator affected lymphocyte MN frequency. In addition, age, sex, and smoking affected the frequency of MN in buccal cells. Results from the CBPI analysis showed that the proliferation index decreased with pesticide exposure and that this parameter was also affected by smoking and by the gender of individuals. The results of this study indicate no significant increase in MN in this group of Hungarian workers; however, the reduced CBPI in the highly exposed population suggests a possible genotoxic effect of pesticide exposure. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 40:101–109, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
O‐ethylthymidine adducts are the most relevant damages for mutation induced by N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea in female germ cells of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Álvarez L. , Comendador M.A. , Sierra L.M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractResponses to genotoxic agents vary not only among organisms, test systems, and cellular stages, but also between sexes; little, however, is known about the mutagenic consequences of chemical exposures to female germ cells. In this study, the mutagenicity of N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea (ENU) was analyzed in female germ cells of Drosophila melanogaster using the recessive‐lethal test and the vermilion system, which simultaneously generates information on induced mutation frequency and mutation spectrum. ENU was mutagenic in all stages of oogenesis, although there were differences among the stages. In mature and immature oocytes, ENU‐induced mutations in the vermilion locus were 43.5% A:T→G:C transitions, 39.1% A:T→T:A transversions, 8.7% G:C→A:T transitions, and 8.7% A:T→C:G transversions, indicating that the most important premutagenic lesions induced by this chemical are O4‐ethylthymine and O2‐ethylthymine. The low frequency of mutation involving O6‐ethylguanine (i.e., G:C→A:T transitions) could be a consequence of the repair of these lesions by O6‐methylguanine DNA methyltransferase. Comparison of these results with those previously obtained in male germ cells stresses the importance of the repair activity of the analyzed cells, because the mutation spectrum in female germ cells was similar to the spectrum obtained with repair‐proficient spermatogonial cells and different from repair‐deficient postmeiotic cells. The results also indicate that studies with female germ cells could be an alternative to the use of premeiotic male germ cells, especially when the analysis of these cells is difficult or almost impossible and when studies of in vivo DNA repair in premeiotic germ cells are performed. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 40:143–152, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Performance of a single glazing assembly exposed to a fire in the centre of an enclosure
Authors: Shields T.J. , Silcock G.W.H. , Flood M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe result of 14 experiments in which a single glazing assembly was exposed to fires of increasing severity in the centre of an enclosure are presented. The glazing assembly was exposed to a two zone fire enclosure environment with consistency and repeatability within each set of three experiments conducted at each fire severity level evident from the enclosure gas temperature profiles. The results presented include heat release rates, enclosure and local gas temperature, heat flux distribution, glass surface temperatures, shaded glass temperatures, thermally induced strains, crack bifurcation patterns and loss of integrity of the glazing assembly. Limits regarding the maximum incident heat fluxes required to cause catastrophic failure of the glazing assembly are suggested. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prediction of time to flashover in the ISO 9705 room corner test based on cone calorimeter test results
Authors: Hansen Anne Steen , Hovde Per Jostein 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe ISO room corner test is used for classification of surface materials in a number of countries, and as the reference scenario test for the new European single burning item test, its importance increases even more. Time to flashover may be regarded the most important result from the room corner test. In this paper we describe three different calculation models for predicting in which period of testing time flashover in the room corner test will occur. The predictions are all based on test results from the cone calorimeter. The models are a modified version of the Wickström/Göransson model, the model by Östman/Tsantaridis and a model based on multivariate statistical analysis. The three models were applied to a data set containing test results from 57 different products. We found that the modified Wickström/Göransson model and the statistical model generally calculated time to flashover with high precision. The Östman/Tsantaridis model was excellent in prediction of time to flashover within 10 min of testing time, but performed poorer for time to flashover above 10 min. Based on these analyses, a simple, but efficient method for predicting the interval of time when flashover occurs is suggested. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.