bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consciousness, the Human-Animal Foundational Distinction, and Ephemeral Connections to Humans
Authors: Evans John H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides the results of the analysis of the public’s views. While bioethicists and scientists are primarily concerned that an organoid or a neuro-chimera could acquire increased consciousness, the public does not appear to be greatly concerned with consciousness. Rather, evidence shows that the public is principally concerned about violating the foundational distinction between humans and animals. In its strongest form, this concern produces not only opposition to chimeras but a disgust-driven backlash against them, with the public suggesting that they be treated worse than others of their species. This chapter also shows that the public does indeed believe in ephemeral connections to disembodied human parts like organoids, and that such belief is associated with opposition to creating organoids.
Views of Nature, Religion, and the Cultural Authority of Science
Authors: Evans John H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The public’s views of organoids and neuro-chimeras are not only structured by foundational cultural distinctions such as that between humans and animals. Different groups in society have distinct views of biotechnology in general. This chapter first examines the views of groups defined by their orientation toward the natural world and finds that those who see the natural world as existing independently of human uses are most opposed to these technologies. Groups who believe most strongly in the cultural authority of scientists are much more supportive of these technologies. Investigation of religious groups shows that religion is not as impactful as had been expected.
What Is to Be Done?
Authors: Evans John H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter begins by summarizing the conclusions of the empirical study of the public’s intuitions about human brain organoids and neuro-chimeric animals. It then turns to the question of why humanistic scholars have been so concerned with foundational distinctions like the human-animal distinction. The answer is that scholars think that removing the distinction will teach the public a new definition of what a human is, which will have pernicious effects on how we treat each other. The book’s findings suggest that these negative effects are possible but avoidable. The chapter finishes with an analysis of how to place socially powerful barriers on the slippery slope between consensually ethical medical uses of these technologies and the dystopian bottoms of each slope that all would want to avoid.
The (Al)lure of Narrative
Authors: Freeman Mark 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter addresses both the allure and lure of narrative in social and political discourse, focusing on the coronavirus. By “allure,” the author refers to the power of narrative to frame events. By “lure,” he refers to the way in which this power can be misused for nefarious political purposes, as has been manifested through Donald Trump’s extraordinary and dangerous power to deform reality in accordance with his own interests and wishes. The perspective offered herein, while fearful of the future, is not without hope. But the fact is that much of what has been happening in the sphere of narrative is scarily reminiscent of those strategies, ploys, and machinations frequently associated with reprehensible authoritarian regimes. It is thus imperative to identify these for what they are and work diligently to thwart them.
Stories of Crisis
Authors: McAdams Dan P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In The Plague, Albert Camus (1947) tells the story of a pathogen’s spreading uncontrollably through a small city on the Algerian coast. A close reading of Camus’s novel provides the interpretive frame for considering three different narratives that people may construct to make sense of the COVID-19 pandemic. In turn, these stories depict the virus as (1) the malevolent manifestation of a discrete episode in time, (2) the motivating adversary that prompts a long-term narrative of redemption, and (3) an enduring nemesis who must be managed within a story that bears honest witness to human suffering. In discussing these three narrative forms, the author draws widely from psychological research on narrative identity, generativity, and the redemptive self; wisdom and ego integrity; and a psychological biography of Donald J. Trump, who was president of the United States at the outset of the pandemic.
Dominant and Counteracting Narratives of “Crisis” in COVID Times
Authors: Squire Corinne 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines dominant COVID-19 narratives within mainstream UK government discourse, as well as counteracting narrative responses to COVID-19, during the first six months of the pandemic in 2020. The chapter also analyses counteracting narratives within the author’s research with people living with HIV within the new COVID-19 context. The chapter starts by considering the possibilities offered by a narrative approach that focuses on dominant and counteracting narrative forms. It describes “crisis” narratives generated in political discourse around pandemic spread and, later, economic recession, as well as counteracting narratives articulated in media and public discourse. It concludes by sketching out potential theoretical understandings of the power and effects of counteracting narratives of COVID-19, drawing on Hage’s concept of alter-politics within the contemporary context of interlinked emergencies of health, climate, and inequalities.
The Pandemic as a Crossroads
Authors: Meretoja Hanna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes problems in the narrative of war that has dominated public imagination concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. The war narrative has been used to maintain a sense of agency and an illusion of control by casting in the role of soldiers, first, the coronavirus; second, healthcare professionals; third, patients; and, fourth, the public as a whole. The chapter shows why each of these ascriptions of agency is problematic. It then explores an alternative narrative of the pandemic and its aftermath as a historical crossroads that holds open the possibility that a new global awareness of mutual dependency could give rise to a new sense of solidarity necessary for building a more socially and environmentally just world for future generations. Thus, the chapter not only contributes to the study of the problematic aspects of narratives but also questions the dominant view of narratives as retrospective accounts of events and experiences.
Monitoring the Construction of the Global Community: Key Changes in Global Law and Governance
Authors: Capaldo Giuliana Ziccardi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This Editorial contains the General Editor’s own Note for the current edition of the Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence (Global Community YILJ or Yearbook). Apart from connecting an outline of the general contents with the Global Community YILJ’s aim and scope, Professor Emeritus Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo provides a description and, in some cases, a succinct commentary for a particular section and/or contribution. The General Editor has allowed for an exception as regards the standard format—on account of the War in Ukraine. More precisely, a special “Overview” is accommodated. Furthermore, the General Editor captures the main ideas as well as their special significance on behalf of all the authors of individual or joint research essays and articles that, together, make up a thematic collection that spans several branches of public international law. The General Editor introduces the readership to the collection in a way that also accentuates the Yearbook’s overarching interest in global law and governance.
The Contribution of the UN Treaty Bodies to Business and Human Rights
Authors: Darcy Shane 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The relationship between business and human rights has been the subject of considerable attention within the UN human rights system. The treaty monitoring bodies have played an important but insufficiently explored role in this context. This article discusses the contribution of the treaty bodies to business and human rights and argues for a deeper engagement by the treaty bodies in this sphere. It examines their influence on the development of the UN Guiding Principles and explores recent developments, including the adoption of specialised general comments. It addresses divergences between the treaty bodies’ understanding of state obligations and private sector responsibilities compared with those articulated in the UN Guiding Principles. The article reflects on the potential future contribution of the treaty bodies against the backdrop of continued but faltering efforts to implement the Guiding Principles at the national level and to develop a new treaty on business and human rights.
Introductory Note
Authors: Nieto-Navia Rafael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals received four cases from the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. Until now, three of them have been decided and one is still pending. In 2021, the Appeals Chamber gave its judgement on the Mladić case. The Trial Chamber, on the other hand, resolved the Stanišić and Simatović case. This judgement, however, has been appealed and is pending on the Appeals Chamber. The initial indictment against Stanišić and Simatović was confirmed on 1 May 2003. The Trial Chamber acquitted the accused of all charges on 30 May 2013. However, the Appeals Chamber quashed this decision on 9 December 2015, and ordered a retrial of the accused. The decision on this retrial was issued on 15 August 2021, and is reviewed in this chapter. It is the longest case decided by the Tribunal.
Introductory Note
Authors: Pérez Manrique Ricardo C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During 2021, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights issued twenty-four judgments on merits, and three on interpretation, as well as the record forty-seven orders on monitoring compliance with judgment and twenty-two orders on provisional measures. The Inter-American Court has been able to reaffirm the jurisprudence on several topics, such as violence against transwomen, as well as discrimination against and stigmatization of women human rights defenders. It has also developed new and very important standards in the area of sexual violence against women journalists and differentiated approach for measures of protection. The Court also expanded the standards with regard to disability as a category protected by the American Convention, besides developing jurisprudence on business and human rights. Apart from the judgments on merits, the Inter-American Court, by means of resolutions on provisional measures, enhanced protection in the access to vaccination programs against COVID-19, and continued developing economic, social, cultural, and environmental rights. The contentious cases and provisional measures in this edition of the Yearbook shed light on some of these advances in the Court’s jurisprudence.
Introductory Note
Authors: Teles Patrícia Galvão , Antunes João Gil 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) provided administrative services in 204 proceedings in 2021, divided by 7 inter-state arbitrations, 115 investor-state arbitrations, 80 contract-based arbitrations, and 2 other proceedings of a different nature. These proceedings involved a diverse variety of actors, including sovereign states, intergovernmental organizations, and public or private entities. Of these proceedings, 40 were initiated in 2021. As for appointing authority services or related services, in 2021, the PCA received 49 requests in total, including requests that the Secretary-General of the PCA designate an appointing authority (27), act as an appointing authority for the appointment of an arbitrator (16), furnish a statement setting forth the basis for establishing fees of an arbitral tribunal (1), and act as an appointing authority to decide a challenge to an arbitrator (2). In 2021, only 1 award was public, namely that in Olympic Entertainment Group AS and Ukraine.
Legal Maxims: Summaries and Extracts from Selected Case Law
Authors: Fanni Simona 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter covers four cases heard by the United Nations Dispute Tribunal in 2021, including: (1) Paul Ories v. Secretary-General of the United Nations, Case No. 2020-1404, Judgment No. 2021-UNAT-1087, 19 March 2021; and (2) Banaj v. Secretary-General of the United Nations, Case No. UNDT/GVA/2019/031, Judgment No. UNDT/2021/030, 26 March 2021.
De-idealizing objective type externalism
Authors: Engelhardt Jeff 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter motivates and develops a de-idealization of objective type externalism. As developed by Sally Haslanger, Objective type externalism accepts that oppression can influence what one thinks a term refers to, but it doesn’t influence what terms in fact refer to. This chapter argues that oppression systematically influences both (i) the meanings, extensions, and contents of social kind terms and (ii) the processes that, according to objective type externalism, determine those meanings, extensions, and contents. That is, this chapter argues that Haslanger’s account of the theory idealizes away from the systemic influences of oppression, and thus it is systematically inaccurate. The chapter then outlines a de-idealized version of the theory that appeals to scholarship on oppression to correct for the relevant inaccuracies.
Creative Insecurity
Authors: Thafer Dania 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Middle East is experiencing the world’s most prominent youth bulge. Yet many MENA economies’ institutional designs, both formal and informal, favor the power of business elites, systematically discriminating against young people joining the workforce or opening businesses, and thus limiting their ability to contribute to innovation. Large youth populations can be a boon or a curse: nurtured and integrated, they can jumpstart stratospheric growth; but if alienated and confined, they can drain a society politically and economically. The Gulf Cooperation Council countries are no exception to this perilous dilemma. This book explores the problem through a new concept, ‘creative insecurity’: a state’s subjection to an institutional ecosystem that is suppressing opportunities for innovation--to the extent that it is causing economic and political vulnerabilities, which in turn threaten national security. Creative insecurity threatens the longevity of many states today. In this original, incisive study, Dania Thafer argues that GCC member-states should make it a national security imperative to cash in their demographic dividend, by averting the deleterious effects of ill-disposed elite politics. Investing in an innovation ecosystem that harnesses the talent of the youth majority will be crucial for the GCC’s successful transition to the post-oil era.
The Changing Political South
Authors: Bullock, III Charles S. , Mayer Jeremy D. , MacManus Susan A. , Rozell Mark J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The phenomenal growth of minority populations in the South, particularly Latinos and Asians, is quickly transforming the region’s politics. As most political observers see a future rising Democratic Party in the region with Asian and Latino voters joining African Americans in supporting Democratic candidates, the analyses presented in this volume demonstrate little such certainty about the future competitiveness of the two major parties in the South. Whereas the volume substantiates the strong and persistent Democratic leanings of Black voters and a majority of women, the rising minority populations’ votes are increasingly “up for grabs” by the two major parties. How the two parties fare in the future of southern politics will be driven largely by their abilities to reach these new voters. This book describes and analyzes how the politics of the South is changing fast due to rising minority populations and the increasingly Democratic leanings of women voters. Although some argue that demography is destiny, ensuring future Democratic dominance in much of the region, the evidence presented here shows a much more fluid situation, with some minority populations in particular increasingly willing to vote for Republican Party candidates. This book will help readers understand how the politics of the South is changing fast and its national implications.
A Trickle to a Tsunami
Authors: Bullock Charles S. , MacManus Susan A , Mayer Jeremy D , Rozell Mark J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Asians have been largely absent from the South and its politics for most of American history, but their political power is now growing faster than that of any other racial or ethnic group in the region. Several Asian Americans have risen to political office in the South, including governors who have run or are running for president. An intriguing and unusual feature of Asians in southern politics is that their votes seem truly to be up for grabs to either political party, rare in this era of polarization. Will the vote of Asians in the South be drawn by the pro-immigration stance of the Democrats or by the law-and-order rhetoric of the Republicans? From a trickle to a tsunami, from a footnote to a chapter, soon no analysis of southern politics will be complete without at least some mention of Asian Americans.
Women’s Growing Clout Is Changing the South’s Political Landscape
Authors: Bullock Charles S. , MacManus Susan A , Mayer Jeremy D , Rozell Mark J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Over the past decade (2010–2020), women gained political clout in every southern state. Women’s clout is measured here by increased voter registration, turnout, candidacies, and electoral success in state legislative, executive, and judicial contests. Variations in state growth rates (high, low), racial/ethnic composition (White, Black, Hispanic, Asian), age, education (noncollege versus college), and party affiliation (Democrat, Republican, independent) help explain regional and state differences. Overall, women candidates, most notably women of color, did best in high-growth, partisan competitive states with infusions of more racially/ethnically diverse and college-educated populations from other states and countries. Reticence to running, while diminishing, persists among some southern women, ranging from sexist stereotyping, fundraising, and incumbent advantage to fears of violence on the campaign trail. Predictions for continued increases in women’s political clout are based on census projections of growth in the South’s non-White population through in-migration, generational replacement, and more multiracial births.
Conclusion
Authors: Bullock Charles S. , MacManus Susan A , Mayer Jeremy D , Rozell Mark J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Electoral success in the South is critical for both parties’ efforts to control Congress and the White House. Four growth states, Virginia, Georgia, North Carolina, and Florida, show signs of a Democratic Party renaissance. If the demographic changes described in this book boost Democratic fortunes, the implications for party control of the White House and Congress are national. The prospects for Democrats to supplant Republicans vary across states and are by no means certain. Democratic success will hinge on the ability to forge a coalition with strong support from the groups examined here coupled with a share of the White vote that varies by the racial composition of the state. To maintain their dominance in the region, Republicans must expand their coalition to include stronger support from one or more of the minority groups studied in this volume.
Democracy in Decline and Capitalism in Question
Authors: Kellerman Barbara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the history of American democracy has there been such uncertainty about its viability. The same is true of American capitalism. It too is under scrutiny as it has not been since the Great Depression. There is of course a connection between the two. Failures of capitalism create uncertainties in democracies. And deficiencies in democracies raise concerns about capitalism. The chapter explores the two phenomena in tandem. It suggests that America’s leaders in both government and business have deprived the American people in at least two all-important ways. They have failed to successfully sustain American democracy by better maintaining trust in government. And they have failed successfully to sustain American capitalism by better maintaining trust in business. Nor are followers, we the American people, exempt from blame. By allowing our leaders to go from being relatively good to being more obviously bad we have contributed, unnecessarily, to the ills that now plague the American body politic.
Introduction
Authors: Kim Jihoon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This introduction offers readers a summary of the book’s seven chapters, while also presenting its object of investigation, methodologies, key arguments, and concepts. Surveying the forty-year development of South Korean documentary films and videos in the nongovernmental and noncorporate sectors from their foundational period (early 1980s) to the present at the intersection with documentary studies, Korean studies, and local documentary discourse, this book argues that what is unique and particular about their history is the intensive and compressed coevolution of activism (which includes social change documentaries aimed to engage social movements in the forms of alternative nonfiction media practice) and post-activism (a set of twenty-first-century documentaries whose formal and aesthetic experimentations gesture toward overcoming and renewing the activist tradition). This introduction provides definitions of the two tendencies, as well as their historical, sociopolitical, epistemological, and institutional contexts.
New Social Movements and Alternative Media Practices
Authors: Kim Jihoon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter maps out an array of documentaries that engage feminist and LGBTQ movements and environmental activism as two noticeable twenty-first-century social movements that also attest to the coalition of tajung (multitude), a group of diverse subjects who differ in class, occupation, culture, gender, and sexual orientation but who share common interests, in contrast to minjung in the 1980s mass democratization movement premised on a unilateral class consciousness. It also explains alternative journalism documentary, migratory-grassroots activism, and issue-based omnibus documentary as innovations in the activist tradition of Korean documentary cinema in the context of twenty-first-century Korea, including the Candlelight Protests and the Sewol Ferry Disaster, which functioned as their common nodal point.
Introduction
Authors: Pitt David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Introduction characterizes the phenomenal intentionality of thought thesis and situates it in the context of the Phenomenal Intentionality Research Program. It advocates for a metaphysically neutral approach to the study of mind, Analytic Phenomenology, in combination with agnosticism about the mind-body problem. The first section explains Analytic Phenomenology (analytic because it brings the ethos and methodology of analytic philosophy to bear on the study of experience per se; phenomenology because it is the study of experience from the first-person perspective). The second section presents a “plea for agnosticism” as a counsel of wisdom. Finally, the Introduction presents a plan of the book, presenting synopses of its seven chapters.