bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active and productive ageing in India: evidence from the time use pattern of ageing adults
Authors: Irshad C. V. , Lekha P. Padma Sri , Azeez E. P. Abdul , Rajan S. Irudaya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
With the increasing proportion of older adults in India, it becomes essential to get an insight into the various influencing factors of successful ageing. However, the literature on successful ageing is minuscule in the Indian context. The present study attempted to understand successful ageing in terms of active and productive ageing by exploring their determining factors.

Methods
The data were extracted from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave–1 (2017–2018). We utilized self-reported time use information from the experimental module of the LASI. A total of 7837 ageing adults were included in the study. We employed descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and a multinominal logistic regression model to examine the prevalence and the determinants of active and productive ageing.

Results
The prevalence of inactive ageing was higher among the Indian ageing population (57.47%), followed by active ageing (29.59%) and productive ageing (12.94%). Poor sleep quality and the prevalence of morbidity and disability limited the ageing population from attaining active and productive ageing. Engagement in physical activity was significantly associated with active and productive ageing (β = 0.83, 99% CI: -0.72–0.94 and β = 0.82, 99% CI: 0.66–0.98), respectively. Rural ageing adults were more likely to attain active ageing and less likely to attain productive ageing.

Conclusion
Engagement in physical activities among the ageing population shall be promoted to attain active and productive ageing. Since the rural ageing population were less likely to attain productive ageing than their urban counterparts, opportunities to participate in more formal economic activities in rural areas could be promoted for the wellbeing of the second demographic dividend.
Post-chemo-radiotherapy response and pseudo-progression evaluation on glioma cell types by multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging: a prospective study
Authors: Zamanian Maryam , Abedi Iraj , Danazadeh Fatemeh , Amouheidari Alireza , Shahreza Bentolhoda Otroshi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
We focused on Differentiated pseudoprogression (PPN) of progression (PN) and the response to radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) using diffusion and metabolic imaging.

Methods
Seventy-five patients with glioma were included in this prospective study (approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) (IRCT20230904059352N1) in September 2023). Contrast-enhanced lesion volume (CELV), non-enhanced lesion volume (NELV), necrotic tumor volume (NTV), and quantitative values ​​of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA and NAA/Cr) were calculated by a neuroradiologist using a semi-automatic method. All patients were followed at one and six months after CRT.

Results
The results of the study showed statistically significant changes before and six months after RT-CRT for M-CELV in all glioma types (𝑝 < 0.05). In glioma cell types, the changes in M-ADC, M-Cho/Cr, and Cho/NAA indices for PN were incremental and greater for PPN patients. M-NAA/Cr ratio decreased after six months which was significant only on PN for GBM, and Epn (𝑝 < 0.05). A significant difference was observed between diffusion indices, metabolic ratios, and CELV changes after six months in all types (𝑝 < 0.05). None of the patients were suspected PPN one month after treatment. The DWI/ADC indices had higher sensitivity and specificity (98.25% and 96.57%, respectively).

Conclusion
The results of the present study showed that ADC values and Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA ratios can be used to differentiate between patients with PPN and PN, although ADC is more sensitive and specific.
Association of body fat percentage with kidney stone Disease: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study among bus drivers
Authors: Zheng Xujuan , Chen Qianqian , Wu Yanxia , Xiong Juan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The association between body fat percentage (BFP) and kidney stone disease (KSD) among bus drivers has not been explored in the existing literature. Thus, this study was conducted to explore the influence of BFP on the risk of KSD as well as KSD development for bus drivers to fill the research gap.

Methods
A cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort study was designed. In total, 3433 bus drivers were included in the cross-sectional analyses, and 1864 bus drivers without KSD at baseline and with regular follow-up were included in the longitudinal cohort study.

Results
During a median follow-up of 2.9 years, KSD occurred in 15.0% of bus drivers. Multivariate logistic analysis found that each 5% higher BFP was not only significantly related with higher odds of KSD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48), but also associated with higher odds of developing KSD (OR = 1.27). The risk of prevalent KSD in obesity group based on BFP was 2.47 times of the normal group; and the corresponding risk of developing KSD was 1.61 times. For obesity bus drives with age < 40, the corresponding risk increased to 4.54 times.

Conclusion
Bus drivers were reported to have a high prevalence of KSD as well as development of KSD. As a significant predictive factor for KSD, BFP can be used to monitor and prevent bus drivers from kidney stone formation. Bus drivers in obesity group based on BFP, especially with age < 40 years should become priority subjects for targeted prevention.
Patient brokering in for-profit substance use disorder treatment: a qualitative study with people with opioid use disorder and professionals in the field
Authors: Clingan Sarah E. , D’Ambrosio Brittany M. , Davidson Peter J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Opioid use and opioid overdose deaths are at an all-time high and evidence-based treatments for people with opioid use disorder (OUD) are underutilized. Therefore, we sought to understand experiences and perceptions of abuses in the for-profit substance use disorder treatment industry that could potentially put people with OUD at an increased risk for an overdose.

Methods
One-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted from November 2018 to May 2019 in Southern California with 20 people with OUD and 20 professionals who work in the substance use disorder (SUD) treatment field. A grounded theory approach was conducted to discover emerging patterns from the data.

Results
Three major themes emerged:1) financial and material enticements, 2) encouraging substance use in the for-profit treatment sector, and 3) contributors to overdose risk. Participants reported that patient brokers would pay for plane tickets and offer financial incentives (e.g., money) to attract individuals to SUD treatment, capitalizing on insurance profits despite initial expenses. Participants reported being encouraged to use drugs before treatment to meet insurance conditions, thus jeopardizing genuine recovery efforts and adding to the temptation of drug use. Many participants linked patient brokering to increased overdose deaths, emphasizing the dangerous practices of brokers providing drugs, promoting relapse, and creating a revolving door of treatment, which compounds the overdose risk after periods of abstinence.

Conclusions
Patient brokering and unethical abuses in the for-profit treatment industry have caused some people with OUD to seek treatment for money and housing instead of seeking treatment to stop opioid use. The harmful treatment environment was seen as a barrier to care and an unwanted obstacle to overcome on the path to recovery.
Current status and influencing factors of policy identification in health impact assessment: a case study of Zhejiang Province
Authors: Liu Xiang , Liu Yingzi , Xu Yanyun , Song Liyuan , Huang Ziyue , Zhu Xingyu , Zhang Meng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Health impact assessment (HIA) is a procedure, method and tool for evaluating the potential health impacts of policies, plans and construction projects, as well as the distribution of these impacts on population. Majority of international studies on health impact assessment have focussed on conceptual papers or case evaluations, neglecting participants’ views on policies.

Methods
A semi-structured interview with 30 health impact assessment experts was employed in this study, and the Nvivo software was utilized to analyse factors that influence policy identification. Subsequently, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to survey 655 pilot staff members involved in health impact assessment in Zhejiang Province. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the current status and identify the factors influencing policy identification. In addition, hierarchical linear regression analysis and structural equation modelling were employed to determine the relationship between policy identification and influencing factors.

Results
Statistically significant differences were found among participants in the level of identification of policies across three dimensions. The policy sentiment dimension had the highest score (4.137 ± 0.664), followed by policy cognition (4.075 ± 0.632) and policy evaluation (3.631 ± 0.797) dimensions. Subject trust had a positive impact on policy cognition (β = 0.503, P < 0.001), policy sentiment (β = 0.504, P < 0.001) and policy evaluation (β = 0.465, P < 0.001). Procedural justice had a positive impact on policy sentiment (β = 0.085, P < 0.01) and policy evaluation (β = 0.084, P < 0.05), but not policy cognition (β = 0.056, P > 0.05). Policy identification is influenced by age and average monthly salary among other factors.

Conclusion
These results highlight the importance of subjective trust and procedural justice in policy identification of health impact assessment. They provide valuable insights to developing interventions to overcome barriers to the implementation and enhancement of global identification of policies. Going forward, cross-sectoral synergies, enhanced international communication and training to increase participants’ trust in the policy should be optimized to improve health impact assessment. Additional measures should be taken, such as ensuring seamless communication channels, embedding health impact assessment in administrative mechanisms, and establishing strong oversight and grievance mechanisms to improve fairness and transparency in the implementation and results of health impact assessment.
No obvious effect on mortality from a patient choice reform expanding access to opioid disorder treatment – results from a natural experiment of policy change in Sweden
Authors: Håkansson Anders , Janfada-Baloo Sahar , Berge Jonas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Opioid-related overdose deaths remain a common cause of death in many settings, and opioid maintenance treatment is evidence-based for the treatment of opioid use disorders. However, access to such treatment varies and is limited in many settings.

Methods
The present study examines the longitudinal effects of a regional patient choice reform which substantially increased availability to opioid maintenance treatment in one Swedish county, starting from 2014. A previous follow-up, limited in time, indicated a possible effect on mortality from this intervention, demonstrating a lower increase in overdose deaths than in counties without this reform. The present study follows overdose deaths through 2021, and compares the intervention county to the remaining parts in the country, using death certificate statistics from the national causes of death register.

Results
The present study does not demonstrate any significant difference in the development of overdose mortality in the county where this reform substantially expanded treatment access, compared to other counties in the country.

Conclusions
The study underlines the importance to maintain extensive efforts against overdose deaths over and above the treatment of opioid use disorders, such as low-threshold provision of opioid antidotes or other interventions specifically addressing overdose risk behaviors.
Diallyl trisulfide improves spinal cord ischemia–reperfusion injury damage by activating AMPK to stabilize mitochondrial function
Authors: Sun Yang , Xu Dengyue , Yang Weidong , Zhang Hongquan , Su Yi , Gao Bin , Zou Xiaowei , Zhong Yiming , Sun Huanwei , Xiang Liangbi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Spinal cord ischemia–reperfusion injury (SCII) is a catastrophic event, which can cause paraplegia in severe cases. In the reperfusion stage, oxidative stress was up-regulated, which aggravated the injury and apoptosis of neurons. As the main active ingredient of garlic, diallyl trisulfide (DATS) displays strong antioxidant capacity. However, it is unknown whether DATS can protect the neurons of SCII.

Materials and methods
In this study, the descending aorta at the distal end of the left subclavian artery was ligated and perfused again after 14 min. Samples including blood and spinal cord (L2–L5) were taken 24 h later for morphological and biochemical examination.

Results
After SCII, the rats showed motor dysfunction, increase apoptosis, malondialdehyde content, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamic balance disorder. After the application of DATS, the adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) was activated, the mitochondrial damage was improved, the oxidative stress was weakened, and the neuronal damage was recovered to some extent. However, the addition of compound C significantly weakened the protective effect of DATS.

Conclusion
Oxidative stress caused by mitochondrial damage was one of the important mechanisms of neuronal damage in SCII. DATS could activate AMPK, stabilize mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamic balance, and reduce neuronal damage caused by oxidative stress.
The impact of intraoperative and postoperative fluid balance on complications for transthoracic esophagectomy: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Buchholz Vered , Hazard Riley , Yin Zoe , Tran Nghiep , Yip Sui Wah Sean , Le Peter , Kioussis Benjamin , Hinton Jake , Liu David S , Lee Dong-Kyu , Weinberg Laurence 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
Transthoracic esophagectomy is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is imperative to optimize perioperative management and minimize complications. In this retrospective analysis, we evaluated the association between fluid balance and esophagectomy complications at a tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia, with a particular focus on respiratory morbidity and anastomotic leaks. Cumulative fluid balance was calculated intraoperatively, postoperatively in recovery postoperative day (POD) 0, and on POD 1 and 2. High and low fluid balance was defined as greater than or less than the median fluid balance, respectively, and postoperative surgical complications were graded using the Clavien-Dindo classification.

Results
In total, 109 patients, with an average age of 64 years, were included in this study. High fluid balance on POD 0, POD1 and POD 2 was associated with a higher incidence of anastomotic leak (OR 8.59; 95%CI: 2.64-39.0). High fluid balance on POD 2 was associated with more severe complications (of any type) (OR 3.33; 95%CI: 1.4–8.26) and severe pulmonary complications (OR 3.04; 95%CI: 1.27–7.67). For every 1 L extra cumulative fluid balance in POD 1, the odds of a major complication increase by 15%, while controlling for body mass index (BMI) and American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) class. The results show that higher cumulative fluid balance is associated with worsening postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing transthoracic esophagectomy. Restricted fluid balance, especially postoperatively, may mitigate the risk of postoperative complications – however prospective trials are required to establish this definitively.
Genotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of Campylobacter species isolated from raw milk samples in Qazvin, Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Zohreh , Pakbin Babak , kazemi Maryam , Rahimi Zahra , Mahmoudi Razzagh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
Campylobacter species are major causes of foodborne illnesses, with unpasteurized milk being a significant carrier of these bacteria, posing a public health risk. One of the challenges in managing Campylobacter infections is the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. We conducted a study in Qazvin, Iran, testing 84 raw cow’s milk samples to determine the frequency of C. jejuni and C. coli using culture-based and multiplex PCR methods. Additionally, the disk diffusion and RAPD-PCR approaches were utilized to evaluate the phenotypic antibiotic resistance profile and genetic diversity of Campylobacter strains.

Results
The findings indicated that Campylobacter spp. was present in 19.05% of the samples, with C. coli being the predominant isolate. We tested eight antibiotic agents, and the resistance levels of the isolates were as follows: erythromycin 100%, tetracycline 75%, doxycycline 56.25%, ceftriaxone 43.75%, chloramphenicol 37.5%, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 25%, nalidixic acid 12.5%, and azithromycin 6.25%. Genetic diversity analysis categorized Campylobacter isolates into 39 clusters, indicating a wide diversity among strains. However, no significant correlation was observed between antibiotic resistance and cluster patterns. These findings underscore the role of raw milk as a reservoir for Campylobacter spp. and highlight the substantial antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity within the species population.
Random block-coordinate methods for inconsistent convex optimisation problems
Authors: Staudigl Mathias , Jacquot Paulin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe develop a novel randomised block-coordinate primal-dual algorithm for a class of non-smooth ill-posed convex programs. Lying midway between the celebrated Chambolle–Pock primal-dual algorithm and Tseng’s accelerated proximal gradient method, we establish global convergence of the last iterate as well as optimal $O(1/k)$
O
(
1
/
k
)
and $O(1/k^{2})$
O
(
1
/

k
2

)
complexity rates in the convex and strongly convex case, respectively, k being the iteration count. Motivated by the increased complexity in the control of distribution-level electric-power systems, we test the performance of our method on a second-order cone relaxation of an AC-OPF problem. Distributed control is achieved via the distributed locational marginal prices (DLMPs), which are obtained as dual variables in our optimisation framework.
Basic and clinical study of the effect of exogenous hyaluronic acid on the quality of acellular dermal matrix combined with thin intermediate split thickness skin graft
Authors: Chen Fuhuan , Chai Jiake , Zhao Jingyu , Wu Jiang , Chen Baoguo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
To promote wound recovery in the recipient region, we studied the impact of exogenous hyaluronic acid (HA) on acellular dermal matrix (ADM) paired with thin intermediate-thickness skin transplant.

Methods
This study contains animal and clinical experiments. 50 Japanese big ear rabbits were separated into HA1, HA2, PADM, TS, and NS groups. Clinical part included 50 scar patients dividing into 5 groups (TS + HA + ADM 1, TS + ADM2, TS, TS + ADM and normal skin (NS)).

Results
In the animal trial, after 56 days, the grafts contracted least in the HA2 group; HA2 had the highest microvascular density (MVD), HA concentration, and collagen I and III expression. In clinical work, ADM > HA + ADM2 > HA + ADM1 > TS > NS; Type I and III collagen: HA + ADM1 and HA + ADM2 were higher than ADM; HA content: TS > HA + ADM1 > HA + ADM 2 > ADM.

Conclusions
ADM, exogenous hyaluronic acid mixed with thin skin autograft has better biomechanical qualities and therapeutic impact than acellular dermal matrix alone, and the reconstructive result is near to self-thick skin autograft in all indexes.
Profiling of the fecal microbiota and circulating microRNA-16 in IBS subjects with Blastocystis infection : a case–control study
Authors: Olyaiee Alireza , Yadegar Abbas , Mirsamadi Elnaz Sadat , Sadeghi Amir , Mirjalali Hamed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorder. Although the main reason for IBS is not clear, the interaction between intestinal microorganisms and the gut barrier seems to play an important role in pathogenesis of IBS. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of Blastocystis on the gut microbiota profile and the circulation levels of microRNA (mir)-16 of IBS patients compared to healthy subjects. Stool and blood samples were collected from 80 participants including 40 samples from each IBS and healthy group. Upon DNA extraction from stool samples, barcoding region and quantitative real-time PCR were analyzed to investigate Blastocystis and the microbiota profile, respectively. RNA was extracted from serum samples of included subjects and the expression of mir-16 was evaluated using stem-loop protocol and qreal-time PCR. Significant changes between IBS patients and healthy controls was observed in Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Faecalibacterium, and Alistipes. In IBS patients, the relative abundance of Bifidobacteria was directly correlated with the presence of Blastocystis, while Alistipes was decreased with Blastocystis. Lactobacillus was significantly increased in Blastocystis carriers. In healthy subjects, the relative abundance of Bifidobacteria was decreased, but Alistipes was increased in Blastocystis carriers. The changes in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was not significant in different groups. The relative expression of mir-16 in Blastocystis-negative IBS patients and healthy carriers was significantly overexpressed compared to control group. The presence of Blastocystis, decreased the relative expression of mir-16 in IBS patients compared to Blastocystis-negative IBS patients. The present study revealed that Blastocystis has the ability to change the abundance of some phyla/genera of bacteria in IBS and healthy subjects. Moreover, Blastocystis seems to modulate the relative expression of microRNAs to control the gut atmosphere, apply its pathogenicity, and provide a favor niche for its colonization.