bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment by recross IVUS‐guided reentry in coronary total occlusion: STRIVE‐CTO
Authors: Ungureanu Claudiu , Cocoi Mihai , Colletti Giuseppe , Avran Alexandre 
Published: November 2023

AbstractComplex coronary total occlusion (CTO) lesions percutaneous treatment, especially in contexts where traditional antegrade strategies have failed and retrograde approaches are unsuitable, due to lack of interventional collaterals or high risk of complications, presents a considerable challenge for interventional cardiologists. Antegrade dissection reentry has historically offered a bailout strategy in cases with unsuccessful antegrade wire escalation. Nevertheless, the technique—whether employing dual‐lumen microcatheters or dedicated reentry devices, such as Stingray—encounters several limitations, particularly when the delivery of the system is not possible, or extraplaque large hematomas, which complicates reentry. This paper introduces an innovative technique combining the use of the Recross MC Dual Microcatheter with real‐time intravascular ultrasound guidance for refined re‐wiring in CTO interventions. This approach facilitates accurate reentry zone selection and ensures precise, controlled puncturing into the true lumen, thereby enabling safe and predictable CTO recanalization.
Intra‐abdominal omental mass as a desmoplastic round cell tumor: A rare case report
Authors: Bohara Sujan , Jha Pinky , Bhat Pawan Singh , Malla Srijan , Karki Samikshya , Jha Saroj Kumar , Basukala Sunil , Rawal Sushil Bahadur 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageDesmoplastic round cell tumor, though rare, must be taken into consideration as a differential diagnosis, thus aiding in early evaluation and changing the trajectory of the natural history of the disease condition, and improving the prognosis of patients.AbstractDesmoplastic small round cell tumor is a rare, aggressive tumor of mesenchymal origin with an incidence of 0.74 cases per million. We present a young adult with a periumbilical mass who was diagnosed as a desmoplastic round cell tumor and later was treated with exploratory laparotomy and resection of the tumor with no recurrence during a 6‐month follow‐up period.
Effect of Elasticity and Nonlinear Viscosity on Fingering Instability in Heterogeneous Porous Media
Authors: Shokri Hosna , Kayhani Mohammad Hassan , Norouzi Mahmood , Kim Mirae , Kim Kyung Chun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Saffman‐Taylor instability of polymeric fluids flooding through saturated heterogeneous porous media is studied numerically. The displacement of a Newtonian fluid by a viscoelastic liquid is examined using a Hartley transformation and a fourth‐order Adams‐Bashforth technique. The flow is assumed to be miscible, and the Carreau‐Yasuda equation is used to model the shear‐thinning viscometric functions. The effects of different rheological properties and domain parameters on flow instability are studied in detail. It is found that a channeling regime is possible as the main difference between displacements through homogeneous and heterogeneous media.
Parametric Identification of a Countercurrent Aqueous Hydrolysis Process for the Production of Glycerine under Higher Pressure and Temperature
Authors: Thirunavukarasu Narayani , Panda Rames C. , Panda Atanu , K Kalaivani 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGlycerine is produced by aqueous hydrolysis of tallow fat in the Twitchell process under high pressure (40–60 bar) and temperature (250–270 °C). An effort was made to improve the degree of hydrolysis under optimal operating conditions by varying the feed ratio in a 20‐L Parr reactor. The 1:4 blend of water/tallow at 256 °C and 60 bar was recorded as optimal operating conditions (non‐catalytic), yielding a degree of hydrolysis of 98.4 %. A survey shows that there is a need to find alternate operating control strategies for achieving better efficiency and safe operation. Material and energy balances across the countercurrent hydrolysis tower were developed to calculate the glycerine and free fatty acids in the raffinate and extract phases, using the first principle for dynamic analysis. The model equations were validated and used to identify simple model structures suitable for designing model‐based strategies to control the process temperature in the extraction process.
Identification of a Selective FLT3 Inhibitor with Low Activity against VEGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, c‐KIT, and RET Anti‐Targets
Authors: Akwata Desmond , Kempen Allison L. , Dayal Neetu , Brauer Nickolas R. , Sintim Herman O. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFLT3 is mainly expressed in immune and various cancer cells and is a drug target for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recently, FLT3 has also been identified as a potential target for treating chronic pain. Most FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3i) identified to date, including approved drugs such as gilteritinib, midostaurin, ponatinib, quizartinib, and FLT3i in clinical trials, such as quizartinib and crenolanib, also inhibit closely‐related kinases that are important for immune (c‐KIT), cardiovascular (KDR/VEGFR2, FGFR, PDGFR) or kidney (RET) functions. While the aforementioned FLT3i may increase survival rates in AML, they are neither ideal for AML maintenance therapy nor for non‐oncology applications, such as for the treatment of chronic pain, due to their promiscuous inhibition of many kinase anti‐targets. Here, we report the identification of new FLT3i compounds that have low activities against kinases that have traditionally been difficult to differentiate from FLT3 inhibition, such as KDR/VEGFR, FGFR, PGFR, c‐KIT, and RET. These selective compounds could be valuable chemical probes for studying FLT3 biology in the context of chronic pain and/or may represent good starting points to develop well‐tolerated FLT3 therapeutics for non‐oncology indications or for maintenance therapy for AML.
Subquadratic harmonic functions on Calabi‐Yau manifolds with maximal volume growth
Authors: Chiu Shih‐Kai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOn a complete Calabi‐Yau manifold with maximal volume growth, a harmonic function with subquadratic polynomial growth is the real part of a holomorphic function. This generalizes a result of Conlon‐Hein. We prove this result by proving a Liouville‐type theorem for harmonic 1‐forms, which follows from a new local estimate of the exterior derivative.
Landscape‐scale patterns of eastern spruce budworm outbreak risk: Defoliation onset vs. tree mortality
Authors: McNie Pierce , Kneeshaw Daniel , Filotas Élise 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe stand‐level risk of both defoliation and mortality due to the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana, Clem., SBW) is mainly linked to the quality of the resource such that stands dominated by the primary host species, balsam fir (Abies balsamea[L.] Mill.), are considered the most vulnerable. At the landscape scale, insect dispersal suggests that both configuration and resource availability should influence the onset and subsequent mortality of an outbreak. However, outbreak risk at this scale is yet to be quantified for the SBW, one of the most studied forest pest defoliators in the world. We aim to determine the risk of both SBW defoliation onset and resultant tree mortality at a landscape scale due to factors that have been associated with SBW defoliation at the stand scale. We used Cox proportional hazard models to quantify the relative risk of different landscape configuration and species composition patterns on defoliation onset and risk of mortality of the current SBW outbreak in Eastern Canada. In particular, we measured the risk associated with primary host proportion, relative amounts of secondary host and hardwood trees to fir trees, the structure of balsam fir in the landscape, and the structure of the forest overall. We show that defoliation onset is more related to the configuration of the landscape than to the species composition while the risk of ensuing mortality increases as the proportion of the primary host increases. Defoliation onset risk is increased by a more complex configuration of fir patches in the landscape. Mortality risk, however, is unaffected by fir configuration but is reduced where there is more black spruce (Picea mariana[Mill.] B.S.P.) or a decrease of balsam fir in the landscape. The usefulness of survival analysis for assessing risk for insect outbreaks has been overlooked and can quantify the effect of relevant factors to guide management and mitigation strategies. The results of our analysis suggest that forest management strategies should avoid clear cuts and the development of fir monocultures and instead maintain or increase the proportion of black spruce and improve forest connectivity across large forested landscapes to delay defoliation onset and reduce SBW‐related mortality.
Calcium channel blockers and clinical outcomes in patients with continuous‐flow left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Tie Hongtao , Li Zhenhan , Welp Henryk , Guha Avirup , Caraballo César , Deschka Heinz , Shi Rui , Zheng Xiaoqing , Martens Sven , Sindermann Jürgen , Chen Dan , Wu Qingchen , Martens Sabrina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsCurrent guidelines suggest calcium channel blockers (CCBs) as the second or third option for blood pressure management in patients with left ventricular assist device (LVAD). However, the clinical outcomes of patients with LVAD who receive CCBs remain unclear. Our study aims to analyse the association of CCBs with clinical outcomes in patients after LVAD implantation.Methods and resultsThis is a retrospective analysis based on the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) from 2006 to 2017, and adult patients who were alive with LVAD and CCB treatment information at 6 months after implantation were included. Among 10 717 patients, 1369 received CCBs 6 months after implantation, and there was an increasing trend of CCB use after LVAD. Patients receiving CCB therapy at 6 months had a similar 5 year survival rate to those not receiving CCB [49.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 47.5–51.7% vs. 51.1%, 95% CI: 45.3–56.7%]. In both Cox and competing risk regressions after adjusting for confounding factors, CCB treatment at 6 months after implantation was not associated with long‐term mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 1.03, 95% CI: 0.91–1.17, P = 0.624 and subdistribution HR (SHR): 1.07, 95% CI: 0.95–1.22, P = 0.260]. Consistently, in time‐varying models, CCB treatment was not linked to long‐term mortality (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.87–1.09, P = 0.682 and SHR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.94–1.18, P = 0.359). This null association remained in subgroup analysis according to device strategy and propensity‐matching analyses. Neurological dysfunction, stroke, bleeding, rehospitalization, and renal dysfunction were more likely to occur among those with CCB when compared with those without CCB treatment.ConclusionsIn patients with LVAD, CCB therapy fails to show benefits in long‐term survival and is associated with increased incidences of neurological dysfunction, bleeding, renal dysfunction, and rehospitalization.
Gender digital divide in education 4.0: A systematic literature review of factors and strategies for inclusion
Authors: Peláez‐Sánchez Iris Cristina , George Reyes Carlos Enrique , Glasserman‐Morales Leonardo David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe gender digital divide (GDD) is a phenomenon that refers to the inequalities and differences between men and women in accessing the digital ecosystem in various environments, such as the scenarios of Education 4.0. Bridging the GDD in access, use, and appropriation of technologies would promote the digital inclusion in spaces traditionally dominated by men. A systematic literature review was conducted using seven databases, considering Scopus and Web of Science. Through this, the factors with the most significant impact on the widening of this type of gap were identified. The findings suggest that the elements that limit the GDD are (a) access and use of technologies, (b) social barriers, and (c) gender stereotypes and roles. On the other hand, factors that need to be considered for the digital inclusion of women were identified as follows: (a) the mode of interaction with technologies, (b) digital competencies in Education 4.0, (c) the mode of technology‐mediated teaching and learning, (d) digital competencies in the workplace, and (e) digital participation. It is concluded that more digital inclusion strategies are needed to reduce the GDD, thus requiring greater participation from society and universities to achieve digital equity.
Outback Quit Pack: Feasibility trial of outreach smoking cessation for people in rural, regional, and remote Australia
Authors: Guillaumier Ashleigh , Tzelepis Flora , Paul Christine , Passey Megan , Oldmeadow Christopher , Handley Tonelle , McCarter Kristen , Twyman Laura , Baker Amanda L. , Reakes Kate , Hastings Phillipa , Bonevski Billie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundTobacco smoking rates are higher in rural, regional, and remote (RRR) areas in Australia, and strategies to improve access to quit supports are required. This pilot study examined the feasibility of a smoking cessation intervention for people in RRR areas who smoke with the intention of using this data to design a powered effectiveness trial.MethodsA randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the feasibility of a 12‐week ‘Outback Quit Pack’ intervention consisting of mailout combination nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and a proactive referral to Quitline, compared with a minimal support control (1‐page smoking cessation support information mailout) was conducted between January and October 2021. Participants recruited via mailed invitation or Facebook advertising, were adults who smoked tobacco (≥10 cigarettes/day) and resided in RRR areas of New South Wales, Australia. Participants completed baseline and 12‐week follow‐up telephone surveys. Outcomes were feasibility of trial procedures (recruitment method; retention; biochemical verification) and acceptability of intervention (engagement with Quitline; uptake and use of NRT).ResultsFacebook advertising accounted for 97% of participant expressions of interest in the study (N = 100). Retention was similarly high among intervention (39/51) and control (36/49) participants. The intervention was highly acceptable: 80% of the intervention group had ≥1 completed call with Quitline, whilst Quitline made 3.7 outbound calls/participant (mean 14:05 mins duration). Most of the intervention group requested NRT refills (78%). No differences between groups in self‐reported cessation outcomes. Biochemical verification using expired air breath testing was not feasible in this study.ConclusionThe Outback Quit Pack intervention was feasible and acceptable. Alternative methods for remote biochemical verification need further study.So What?A powered RCT to test the effectiveness of the intervention to improve access to evidence‐based smoking cessation support to people residing in RRR areas is warranted.
Health behaviour profiles in young Australian adults in relation to physical and mental health: The Raine Study
Authors: Thøgersen‐Ntoumani Cecilie , Gucciardi Daniel F. , McVeigh Joanne A. , O'Sullivan Therese A. , Dontje Manon , Stamatakis Emmanuel , Eastwood Peter R. , Straker Leon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIssues AddressedWe aimed to identify latent health behaviour profiles of young adults and examine their associations with physical and mental health outcomes. We also characterised the profiles by socio‐demographic characteristics.MethodsData were collected between 2012 and 2014. Participants (N = 476) were young adults (M age [SD] = 22.1 [.57] years) from Generation 2 of the Raine Study longitudinal cohort. Health behaviours were measured via ActiGraph GT3X waist monitors (physical activity, sedentary behaviour) and questionnaires (diet quality, alcohol, smoking and sleep). Physical and mental health were measured using clinical health assessments, blood biomarkers, and questionnaires. Latent Profile Analysis using Mplus (8.2) was employed to identify profiles.ResultsFour latent profiles were identified: ‘heavy drinkers with moderately unhealthy eating habits’ (high takeaway foods; n = 135), ‘unhealthy food abstainers’ (low takeaway foods; n = 138), ‘moderately sedentary alcohol abstainers’ (n = 139) and ‘physically active drinkers with unhealthy eating habits’ (high takeaway foods and sugary drinks; n = 64). ‘Physically active drinkers with unhealthy eating habits’ had the poorest (physical and mental) health outcomes, yet the lowest insulin resistance. ‘Unhealthy food abstainers’ had the most favourable health outcomes (adiposity, health perceptions, blood pressure). Sex differed among the profiles.ConclusionsThe profiles identified among young adults are different to profiles with general adult populations. A novel finding was that ‘physically active drinkers with unhealthy eating habits’ had low insulin resistance. The findings also suggest that future interventions may need to be sex specific.So WhatOur findings suggest that health behaviour interventions for young adults should be targeted to distinct profile characteristics.
Tuberculosis diagnostic and treatment delays among patients in Uganda
Authors: Obeagu Emmanuel I. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium that relies on its human host to achieve airborne transmission and existence, is the primary cause of tuberculosis (TB), a disease that is vital to public health.AimTo update the society on tuberculosis diagnostic and treatment delays among patients in Uganda.Materials and MethodsThe review paper utilized different search engines, such as Pubmed Central, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and so forth, to conduct this review paper.ResultsDelays in diagnosis could cause diseases to spread throughout the community, progress more quickly, and increase mortality. With many populations experiencing TB diagnostic delay and less than a third of the population experiencing TB treatment delay, the rates of tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment delays are high.ConclusionThe delay in diagnosing and treating tuberculosis in men is positively correlated with knowledge of the disease's symptoms and the regular use of a handkerchief or both hands to cover the mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing.
Entropy generation analysis and optimization of cooling systems in industrial and engineering operations
Authors: Tshivhi Khodani Sherrif 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEfficient cooling is crucial for maintaining the reliability and performance of industrial and engineering systems that generate excess heat. Entropy generation analysis, established on the second law of thermodynamics, plays a vital role in identifying inefficiencies within these systems and improving their overall efficiency. This study focuses on a theoretical investigation of the entropy generation, considering the cumulative impact of surface slipperiness, Brownian motion, applied magnetic field, thermophoresis on the nanofluid flow toward a convective heated stretching surface. The governing model partial differential equations undergo a transformation through similarity transformation, resulting in a nonlinear ordinary differential equation. This equation is subsequently solved numerically by employing the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg integration scheme in conjunction with the shooting method. The obtained results reveal the influence of various parameters on the temperature, velocity, Nusselt number, skin friction, Sherwood number, Bejan number, nanoparticle concentration, and entropy generation. Upon analysis, it was notable that the introduction of a magnetic field, higher Biot numbers, Eckert numbers, and elevated Brownian motion led to an increase in the entropy generation within the system. Conversely, the presence of thermophoresis and reduced surface slipperiness resulted in a decrease in entropy. These results are presented through graphical representations, tables, and quantitative discussions, providing valuable insights for optimizing the cooling and performance of industrial and engineering systems.
Changes in cancer incidence rates by stage during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the US
Authors: Schafer Elizabeth J. , Islami Farhad , Han Xuesong , Nogueira Leticia M. , Wagle Nikita Sandeep , Yabroff K. Robin , Sung Hyuna , Jemal Ahmedin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic led to health care disruptions and declines in cancer diagnoses in the United States. However, the impact of the pandemic on cancer incidence rates by stage at diagnosis and race and ethnicity is unknown. This cross‐sectional study calculated delay‐ and age‐adjusted incidence rates, stratified by stage at diagnosis and race and ethnicity, and rate ratios (RRs) comparing changes in year‐over‐year incidence rates (eg, 2020 vs 2019) from 2016 to 2020 for 22 cancer types based on data obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 22‐registry database. From 2019 to 2020, the incidence of local‐stage disease statistically significantly declined for 19 of the 22 cancer types, ranging from 4% (RR = 0.96; 95%CI, 0.93‐0.98) for urinary bladder cancer to 18% for colorectal (RR = 0.82; 95%CI, 0.81‐0.84) and laryngeal (RR = 0.82; 95%CI, 0.78‐0.88) cancers, deviating from pre‐COVID stable year‐over‐year changes. Incidence during the corresponding period also declined for 16 cancer types for regional‐stage and six cancer types for distant‐stage disease. By race and ethnicity, the decline in local‐stage incidence for screening‐detectable cancers was generally greater in historically marginalized populations. The decline in cancer incidence rates during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic occurred mainly for local‐ and regional‐stage diseases across racial and ethnic groups. Whether these declines will lead to increases in advanced‐stage disease and mortality rates remain to be investigated with additional data years. Nevertheless, the findings reinforce the importance of strengthening the return to preventive care campaigns and outreach for detecting cancers at early and more treatable stages.