bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral and histological assessment of a novel treatment of neuroHIV in humanized mice
Authors: Levine Andrew J. , Thadani Chirag , Soontornniyomkij Virawudh , Lopez-Aranda Manuel F. , Mesa Yoelvis Garcia , Kitchen Scott , Rezek Valerie , Silva Alcino , Kolson Dennis L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Neurocognitive deficits are prevalent among people living with HIV, likely due to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. To date, no pharmaceutical treatments beyond antiretroviral therapy (ARV) has been shown to reduce risk for, or severity of, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Here we investigate a novel compound, CDDO-Me, with documented neuroprotective effects via activation of the nrf2 and inhibition of the NFkB pathways.
Methods: We conducted three studies to assess the efficacy of CDDO-Me alone or in combination with antiretroviral therapy in humanized mice infected with HIV; behavioral, histopathological, and immunohistochemical.
Results: CDDO-Me in combination with ARV rescued social interaction deficits; however, only ARV was associated with preserved functioning in other behaviors, and CDDO-Me may have attenuated those benefits. A modest neuroprotective effect was found for CDDO-Me when administered with ARV, via preservation of PSD-95 expression; however, ARV alone had a more consistent protective effect. No significant changes in antioxidant enzyme expression levels were observed in CDDO-Me-treated animals. Only ARV use seemed to affect some antioxidant levels, indicating that it is ARV rather than CDDO-Me that is the major factor providing neuroprotection in this animal model. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis found that several cellular markers in various brain regions varied due to ARV rather than CDDO-Me.
Conclusion: Limited benefit of CDDO-Me on behavior and neuroprotection were observed. Instead, ARV was shown to be the more beneficial treatment. These experiments support the future use of this chimeric mouse for behavioral experiments in neuroHIV research
Key Technology Research on Cloud Model Service Platform for Watershed Water Resources Planning
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhao Jing , Zhang Longlong , gao feng , zhao Yifei , Zhai Jiaqi , yan ruimeng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With the increasing demand for water conservancy informatization, to address the problems of poor generality, low reuse rate, and update maintenance difficulty in the development of cloud model service platform for water resources planning. Based on cloud computing technology and combined with business-oriented workflows, construct a cloud model service platform for watershed water resource planning. On the basis of constructing the watershed digital water grid, this study tightly couples the water cycle model with the multi-objective optimization configuration model of water resources, and relies on the digital topological water grid to achieve dynamic configuration of regional water resources. The cloud model service platform adopts a business-oriented modeling approach, with the model library as the core, based on the B/S development architecture. Taking the Shaanxi section of the Weihe River basin as an example, the study simulates and analyzes the evolution of water cycle in the research area, and conducts multi-objective optimization configuration research on water resources at the annual planning level. The results show that: 1) the relative errors of monthly average runoff during the calibration and validation periods are − 1.67% and − 4.63%. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients of monthly average runoff are 0.815 and 0.795, indicating that the cloud model service platform can well depict the variation process of runoff during the validation period, respectively; 2) in the water resources allocation model of the cloud model service platform, using the NSGA-III algorithm and the multi-attribute decision-making model selects reasonable water resources allocation schemes for the Weihe River basin. The water demand in 2025 is 6.34×109 m³, the water supply is 5.84×109 m³, and the water shortage rate is 7.95%. The research results can provide technical reference and inspiration for the construction of smart water conservancy and refined allocation of water resources in the Weihe River basin.
Could Dicrocoelium dendriticum eggs play a potential immunotherapeutic role experimental colitis?
Authors: Mighani Leila , Eilakinezhad Maliheh , Esmaeili Seyed-Alireza , Khazaei Majid , Eskandari Moein , Nazari Seyede Elnaz , Bazaz Mojtaba Mousavi , Moghaddas Elham , Zarean Mahdi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) significantly diminishes an individual’s quality of life and elevates the likelihood of colorectal cancer. Recent clinical and experimental findings suggest that infection with parasitic helminths can exert a suppressive influence on the development of certain inflammatory conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunoregulatory impact of Dicrocoelium eggs on experimentally induced colitis using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in C57BL/6 mice. C57BL/6 mice were given 3.5% DSS orally daily for 7 days to induce colitis. During this period, the mice were treated with the Dicrosoeliumeggs intraperitoneally. Colitis intensity was investigated by assessing parameters such as body weight, stool consistency or bleeding, disease activity index (DAI), colon lengths, macroscopic scores, histopathological findings, colon gene expression levels, and serum cytokine levels. Our results indicated that the administration of Dicrocoelium eggs significantly led to reduction of severity of colitis and disease index. The histopathological scores improved, which were associated with the down-regulation of IFN-γ and up-regulation of IL-4 expression. Our results imply the therapeutic potential of Dicrosoelium eggs in treating colitis. Immunotherapy involving Dicrosoelium eggs primarily induces a Th2 response and modulates IFN-Y, contributing to the reduction of inflammation in colitis. Therefore, it can be considered a promising therapeutic approach to alleviate inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Using PACS for teaching radiology to undergraduate medical students
Authors: Rita Mojtahedzadeh , Farnood Rajabzadeh , Aeen Mohammadi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Currently, radiology teaching for medical students is based on textbooks, PowerPoint files and the use of hard copy radiographic images, which lacks full student interaction. PACS (radiology image archiving and sending system) is the most important tool for seeing and reporting radiology images by radiologist, but for training, especially for medical students, is less used. Unlike the previous conventional methods, we created a new method under the concept of learning from experience, which enables students to interpret and diagnose radiology in a simulated environment using it as a radiologist.
Method
53 students were included in the study, 25 were in the control group and 28 were in the intervention group, and routine radiology training was done separately for them for a one-month internship. In the intervention group, instead of using a slide to show the cases, PACS software was used to show all the images of the patient instead of showing only the pathologic section. At the beginning and end of the course, test questions and slides were held, and satisfaction survey forms were completed by two groups and self-evaluation by the intervention group.
Results
The control group included 25 students and the intervention group included 28 students. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of gender. The students were similar in terms of age and GPA. In the final test, there was no significant difference between the two groups for multiple-choice questions (10.89 ± 2.9 in the intervention group and 10.76 ± 3.5 in the control group, p = 0.883). The result of the independent t-test showed shows that the changes in the scores of the short answer test for the interpretation of radiological images in the intervention group were higher than the control group, 5.35 ± 2.39 for the control group and 8.8 ± 52.28 for the intervention group (P = 0.001). The level of satisfaction with the learning method was not different between the control and intervention groups, 39.44 ± 7.76 for the control group and 36.54 ± 5.87 for the intervention group (P = 0.129). Also, in the intervention group, based on the self-evaluation form, they stated that They are familiar with the capabilities of PACS (75%), the principles of CT (71.4%) and its interpretation (64.3%), choosing the appropriate window (75%), the location of different organs in the image (82.9%) and their relations (85.7%).).
Conclusion
The use of PACS in radiology training is useful for medical students and improves the students' analysis and diagnosis skills.
Solar flare forecasting based on magnetogram sequences learning with multiscale vision transformers and data augmentation techniques
Authors: Grim Luís Fernando Lopes , Gradvohl André Leon Sampaio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Solar flares are releases of electromagnetic energy generally occurring in active solar regions with magnetic fields, known as sunspots. The burst of radiation released by a solar flare can reach Earth's atmosphere in a few minutes. High-intensity solar flares, i.e., M- or X-class flares, can significantly impact some of Earth’s activities and technologies, such as satellites, telecommunications, and electrical power systems. Therefore, driving efforts in high-intensity solar flare forecasting systems is crucial. A forecasting model that observes the evolution of active regions may analyze a set of attributes that indicate which active regions can be precursors to solar flares. Recent work has focused on deep learning models that consider the evolution of active regions in the Sun. However, M- and X-class flares are spurious in the solar cycle period. That situation leads to an imbalanced dataset, increasing the effort to develop machine learning models for forecasting. Therefore, we proposed transformers-based models to forecast >= M-class flares, taking sequences of line-of-sight magnetogram images as input. In addition, we apply data augmentation techniques and other methods to deal with training on imbalanced datasets. Our fine-tuned models outperformed (TSS ≈ 0.80) state-of-the-art work using image processing to forecast >= M-class flares in the next 48 h. Moreover, the data augmentation techniques applied to the training set kept the TSS stable and improved most of the secondary performance metrics analyzed.
An investigation on the suitability of different welding recovery procedures for cold stamping punches in VF800AT steel
Authors: Pellin Adonis , Israel Charles Leonardo , DALCIN RAFAEL LUCIANO 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the present investigation, a procedure was developed to recover VF800AT steel stamping punches by the GMAW process, using Tube-Alloy 260-G, a gas-shielded, metal-cored wire that deposits a martensitic alloy steel. The samples were pre-heated at 450, 500 and 550 °C, and after weld repaired, were submitted to tempering. The samples were characterized before and after the weld repair concerning the macrostructure, microstructure, and microhardness. The correlation of the hardness in the weld metal, heat affected zone and base metal regions with the heat treatments was evaluated statistically by analysis of variance. To experimentally validate this condition, a performance test of the new and weld repaired punches was carried out. Optical microscopy, roughness measurements, and scanning electron microscopy were carried out to evaluate the geometric shape of the radius of the cutting-edge radius and the type of wear acting on the punches. Punches pre-heated to 450 °C and submitted to one tempering step presented the best results, being the most suitable to recover stamping tools made of VF800AT steel by the GMAW process.
A novel role of FSH on regulating ovarian adiponectin expression in rat ovarian granulosa cells
Authors: Zhou Yue , Zhang Shuhao , Jia Yurong , Wang Xi , Liu Yuning , Zhang Haolin , Yuan Zhengrong , Han Yingying , Weng Qiang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Adiponectin, also known as Acrp30, GBP28, or apM1, plays a crucial role in regulating glucose levels, lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in various tissues and organs. Despite its broad physiological relevance in female reproduction, its role in ovarian adiponectin secretion and energy utilization remains unknown.
Methods: In the present investigation, we employed a suite of sophisticated molecular and cellular techniques to elucidate the expression of lipocalin system components and glucose transporter proteins within the ovarian tissue of rats. Specifically, cellular immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, alongside ELISA, were meticulously applied for the identification of these proteins. Furthermore, granulosa cells, harvested from rat ovaries, were subjected to an in vitro culture protocol to establish a primary cell culture.
Results: In our study, we utilized primary cultured rat granulosa cells to demonstrate for the first time that FSH quickly stimulated adiponectin protein expression in granulosa cells, particularly through the PKA signaling pathway. Consistently, further in vivo study indicated that eCG administration significantly increased adiponectin protein levels in rat ovaries. The subsequent ovarian transcriptome and RT-PCR analysis showed a positive correlation between the expression of intraovarian glucose transporters (Slc2a1, Slc2a3, and Slc2a4) and the adiponectin system (Adipoq, Adipor1, and Adipor2), as well as the protein expression patterns. Although eCG administration in rats notably elevated circulating adiponectin levels, it had no significant effects on blood glucose levels. The current findings proved that AdipoRon (an AdipoR agonist) significantly increased the expression of glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT2) proteins levels, enhancing glucose uptake in granulosa cells.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that FSH may modulate ovarian glucose transporter protein expression and glucose utilization through the autocrine actions of adiponectin, thereby influencing ovarian development and function.
Analyzing Enrolment Patterns: Stacked Ensemble Statistical Learning-Based Approach to Educational Decision Making
Authors: Chuan Zun Liang , Wei Chong Teak , Japashov Nursultan , Yuan Soon Kien , Qing Tan Wei , Ismail Prof. Dr. Noriszura , Liong Assoc. Prof. Dr. Choong-Yeun , Hiae Tan Ee 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In Malaysia, Additional Mathematics, equivalent to A-level mathematics, played a vital role in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education. However, a notable decline in enrolment for the Malaysian Certificate of Education's (SPM’s) Additional Mathematics subject has raised concerns about the implications for Malaysia's STEM workforce and its role in sustainable economic growth. The study’s primary objectives were to identify the determinants that impacted urban upper-secondary students' enrolment in Additional Mathematics within the Kuantan District, Pahang, Malaysia, and to develop a novel stacked ensemble machine learning algorithm based on these determinants, following the CRISP-DM data science methodology. To pursue these objectives, this study collected and analyzed 389 responses from the first-batch urban upper-secondary students in the Kuantan District who had enrolled in the newly revised Standard Based Curriculum for Secondary Schools (KSSM’s) Additional Mathematics syllabus, utilizing a modified research questionnaire and a one-stage cluster sampling technique. The findings revealed that determinants such as education disciplines, ethnicity, gender, mathematics self-efficacy, peer influence, and teacher influence had significantly impacted students' decisions to enroll in Additional Mathematics. Moreover, the introduction of the novel stacked ensemble machine learning algorithm had improved predictive accuracy compared to traditional dichotomous logistic regression algorithms on average, particularly at optimal training-to-test ratios of 70:30, 80:20, and 90:10. These insights were valuable for shaping educational policy and practice, emphasizing the importance of promoting STEM education initiatives and encouraging educators and counselors to empower students to pursue STEM careers while actively promoting gender equality within STEM fields.
Study on the characteristics of surrounding rock sealing materials under the background of CO2 escape in geological sequestration of abandoned mine
Authors: Wang Kai , Yuan Hua , Guo Siyang , Ren Jiahui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Geological carbon dioxide sequestration as a key approach to energy preservation and emissions reduction has garnered attention among scholars in recent years. The abandoned coal mine contains expansive caving areas and abandoned roadway chambers, presenting a promising opportunity to repurpose the site as a carbon dioxide geological storage facility. Nonetheless, numerous micro-cracks are present in the surrounding rock of the abandoned mine roadway, particularly in the goaf. Under high-pressure seepage conditions resulting from long-term geological storage, micro-cracks will continue to fracture and expand, forming channels through which CO2 can escape. To address the aforementioned issues, this study conducted tests on superfine cement grout's properties and determined its rheological and stability characteristics based on varying particle sizes and different quantities of superfine fly ash, superfine silica fume, and high-efficiency water-reducing additives. The sensitivity factors were analyzed through an orthogonal test, leading to proposing the optimal ratio of ultrafine fly ash, ultrafine silica ash and high efficiency water reducing agent. This provides a foundation for selecting the slurry sealing performance of CO2 geological storage surrounding rock.
A Novel Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Acute Heart Failure in ICU Patients with COPD
Authors: Wu Ziyang , Zhan Sutong , Qiao Yong , Yan Gaoliang , Qin Yuhan , Tang Huihong , Liu Shiqi , Wang Dong , Tang Chengchun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
This study developed a novel nomogram to predict the incidence of acute heart failure (AHF) in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and evaluated the predictive value of the nomogram.
Methods
3730 patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database were analysed. The patients were randomly divided into two groups in a seven-to-three ratio to form a training cohort (n = 2611) and a validation cohort (n = 1119). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were used to identify associated risk variables. A nomogram was established to predict the rate of acute heart failure in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The new model was assessed in terms of the concordance index (C-index), the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results
Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis identified ten potential predictors of acute heart failure. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of these predictors and create a final model. The concordance index values were 0.820. The areas under the curves for the training and validation sets were 0.8195 and 0.8035, respectively.
Conclusion
The age, body mass index (BMI), urine output, carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2), bicarbonate, partial thromboplastin time (PTT), total Bilirubin (TBIL), urea, chloride and ventilation status were identified as predictors. Our nomogram is a reliable convenient approach for predicting acute heart failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Enhanced stability and optoelectronic properties of Potential Lead-free Double Perovskite Oxides Ba2TbBiO6 by Sb doping for solar cells
Authors: Ali Md. Lokman , Hasan Zahid , Khan Mithun , Roy Dayal Chandra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The influence of Sb-doping in the Bi-based double perovskite \({\text{B}\text{a}}_{2}{\text{T}\text{b}\text{B}\text{i}}_{1-\text{x}}{\text{S}\text{b}}_{\text{x}}{\text{O}}_{6}(\text{x}=0.0, 0.5)\) to provide a structural and electronic basis for comprehending various physical properties in an atomistic level. Using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) implemented via the VASP code. For the first time we study the comprehensive analysis of the structural, elastic, mechanical, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of undoped and Sb-doped \({\text{B}\text{a}}_{2}\text{T}\text{b}\text{B}\text{i}{\text{O}}_{6}\) double perovskite (cubic and monoclinic phases). Changing the spatial group structure and lattice constant of \({\text{B}\text{a}}_{2}\text{T}\text{b}\text{B}\text{i}{\text{O}}_{6}\) by doping causes a shift in the Brillouin zone, which in turn modifies the band structure and band gap value. The overall DOS profiles of both doped and undoped phases were identical to those of the undoped sample, however the conduction and valance bands for both doped compositions were slightly pushed nearer the fermi level. The elastic constants verified the ductility of the solids and ensured the mechanical stability of both phases. Before and after doping, the monoclinic phase is ductile while the cubic phase is brittle. This study reveals that both the phases of \({\text{B}\text{a}}_{2}{\text{T}\text{b}\text{B}\text{i}}_{1-\text{x}}{\text{S}\text{b}}_{\text{x}}{\text{O}}_{6}\) are mechanically stable, ductile, and machinable than\({\text{B}\text{a}}_{2}\text{T}\text{b}\text{B}\text{i}{\text{O}}_{6}\). Although both phases were anisotropic, the Sb-doped monoclinic phase showed higher anisotropy than the cubic phase. Vickers hardness shows that monoclinic \({\text{B}\text{a}}_{2}{\text{T}\text{b}\text{B}\text{i}}_{1-\text{x}}{\text{S}\text{b}}_{\text{x}}{\text{O}}_{6}(\text{x}=0.0, 0.5)\) phase is harder than cubic \({\text{B}\text{a}}_{2}{\text{T}\text{b}\text{B}\text{i}}_{1-\text{x}}{\text{S}\text{b}}_{\text{x}}{\text{O}}_{6}(\text{x}=0.0, 0.5)\) phases. Moreover, the thermodynamic properties of all the studied compounds are estimated by using the elastic constant data. The cubic and monoclinic phases of\({\text{B}\text{a}}_{2}{\text{T}\text{b}\text{B}\text{i}}_{0.5}{\text{S}\text{b}}_{0.5}{\text{O}}_{6}\)have Debye temperatures of 248.48 and 240.75 K, respectively. After doping, the melting temperature of cubic phase (1529.21 K) rises greater than that of monoclinic phase (1386.87 K). Doping can improve a material’s stability by reducing its thermal expansion coefficient. Both the doped phases can be employed as a thermal barrier coating (TBC). The doped cubic phase in high-efficiency conversion applications like solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.