bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of TT virus before and after blood transfusion in patients with chronic liver disease treated surgically for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kobayashi Masahiro , Chayama Kazuaki , Arase Yasuji , Kobayashi Mizuho , Tsubota Akihito , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Koida Isao , Saitoh Satoshi , Murashima Naoya , Ikeda Kenji , Koike Hiromi , Hashimoto Michie , Kobayashi Mariko 
Published: March 2003

Background: To examine the prevalence of TT virus (TTV) before and after blood transfusion, we retrospectively examined serum samples obtained from 55 patients who received blood transfusions before, during and after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: TT virus DNA was extracted from serum samples and detected by nested polymerase chain reaction. Before transfusion, seven (12.7%) were positive for TTV. Patients were transfused whole blood or separated blood components (fresh frozen plasma, platelet and/or red blood cells), the total amount of transfused fresh frozen plasma ranging from 12 to 271 (median 38) units. Results: Seven (14.6%) of the 48 TTV‐negative patients became positive for TTV‐DNA 1 month after transfusion. Only one of the seven patients, who was already positive for HCV‐RNA, exhibited elevation of alanine aminotransferase. Five of the newly infected seven patients become negative for TTV during a 2 year follow up. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the proportion of patients with TTV was relatively high in this sample, and that the prevalence of TTV transmission by blood components was also relatively high (14.6%). Although TTV persisted for more than 6 months in some patients, infection was not noticeable during the course of chronic liver disease.
Detection of telomerase activity in biopsy samples of colorectal cancer
Authors: Fang Dian‐Chun , Young Joanne , Luo Yuan‐Hui , Lu Rong , Jass Jeremy 
Published: March 2003

Background: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes telomeric DNA onto chromosomal ends. The expression of telomerase is thought to be required for cellular immortality and oncogenesis. Methods: To investigate the role of telomerase in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, we analysed telomerase activity in biopsy samples of colorectal cancer and colonic adenomas. Using a polymerase chain reaction‐based assay, we examined telomerase activity in 52 samples of colorectal cancer, 12 colonic adenomas and 30 normal colonic mucosa samples obtained by endoscopic biopsy. Results: Telomerase activity was detectable in 88.5% (46/52) of colorectal carcinomas, in 50% (6/12) of colonic adenomas but not in normal colorectal mucosa. There was no correlation between telomerase activity and tumour location, type, size and differentiation (P > 0.05). Conclusions: It was concluded that telomerase activation plays a role in the evolution of colorectal cancer, and that measurement of telomerase activity in biopsied colorectal mucosa samples may provide information both as a diagnostic marker to detect small numbers of cancer cells, and as a screening method for patients at high risk for colorectal carcinoma.
Relationship of hydrolase activities to epithelial cell turnover in distal colonic mucosa of normal rats
Authors: Gibson Peter R , Nov Rien , Fielding Marisa , Mcintyre Ann , Finch Caroline F , Rosella Ourania , Mariadason John M , Barkla David H , Young Graeme P 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: The relationships between changes induced by diet in colonic epithelial kinetics and in the activities of brush border hydrolases are poorly defined. The aims of this study are to define these relationships, as changes in kinetics would be expected to influence differentiation, and to determine whether the type of ingested dietary indigestible carbohydrates influences hydrolase activities.
Methods
: Groups of eight rats were fed a low fibre diet ± supplements of different types of indigestible carbohydrates for 4 weeks. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) activities and epithelial kinetics were measured in distal colonic mucosa.
Results
: Median ALP activities correlated positively and DPPIV activity negatively with the median proportion of cells entering metaphase (r = 0.58 and – 0.58, respectively; P < 0.05) and number of metaphase arrests per crypt column across the diets (r = 0.59 and –0.58, respectively; P < 0.05). Stepwise regression analysis showed that both hydrolases independently predicted these kinetic indices (R2 > 63% for each). Mucosal ALP activities were markedly elevated during consumption of raw potato starch, guar gum and methylcellulose, while only potato starch caused a significant elevation of DPPIV activities.
Conclusions
: The type of indigestible carbohydrate in the diet influences colonic mucosal hydrolase activities. The opposite relationship between kinetics and each of the two hydrolases indicates that these hydrolases do not reflect the same event; dipeptidyl peptidase IV might relate to differentiation status while ALP could also be influenced by epithelial irritation due to changes in luminal conditions.
Expression of heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor in the hepatocytes of fibrotic rat liver during hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Kiso Shinichi , Kawata Sumio , Tamura Shinji , Miyagawa Jun‐Ichiro , Ito Nobuyuki , Tsushima Hirofumi , Yamada Akira , Umeki Shinobu , Higashiyama Shigeki , Taniguchi Naoyuki , Matsuzawa Yuji 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: Heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor is an hepatotrophic factor expressed in non‐parenchymal liver cells but not in hepatocytes in regenerating rat liver after partial hepatectomy. Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells also produce this growth factor. In this study, the expression of the growth factor in the hepatocytes of fibrotic liver during hepatocarcinogenesis was investigated.
Methods
: Hepatic fibrosis was induced in rats by oral administration of 0.05% thioacetamide. Hepatocytes were isolated by in situ perfusion methods. Growth factor gene and protein expression were investigated by northern hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Expression of glutathione
S‐transferase P, which is expressed when hepatocytes undergo neoplastic transformation, was also investigated.
Results
: Some hepatocytes in fibrotic liver, but not in normal liver, stained positively by immunohistochemistry for heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor. The growth factor and glutathione
S‐transferase P gene transcript were present in hepatocytes isolated from fibrotic liver, but not in those isolated from normal liver. Immunohistochemical localization of both proteins in fibrotic liver revealed similar patterns.
Conclusions
: In essence, hepatocytes in fibrotic rat liver produce heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor. Expression of this growth factor may occur as hepatocytes are transformed to a neoplastic phenotype.© 1999 Blackwell Science Asia Pty Ltd
Prevalence of non‐ulcer dyspepsia in the Japanese population
Authors: Hirakawa Kazuya , Adachi Kyoichi , Amano Kazutoshi , Katsube Tomoko , Ishihara Shunji , Fukuda Ryo , Yamashita Yukimasa , Shiozawa Shunichi , Watanabe Makoto , Kinoshita Yoshikazu 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: Non‐ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) is one of the most frequently encountered disorders in general practice in Western countries. The prevalence of this disorder in the Japanese, however, has not been fully investigated. This study is designed to clarify the characteristics and prevalence of dyspepsia in the Japanese.
Methods
: The subjects were 1139 people who visited our institutes for their annual medical check up for gastric cancers. After routine medical examination, all subjects were asked standardized questions in order to check for the presence of any symptoms suggesting dyspepsia.
Results
: The results of the study showed that dysmotility‐like dyspepsia, characterized by the presence of nausea, fullness and early satiety, is the most frequently observed dyspepsia in Japanese and that this type of dyspepsia decreases with age. Ulcer‐like dyspepsia, which is the major type of dyspepsia in Western countries, is the least frequently experienced dyspepsia in the Japanese.
Conclusions
: This study clarified that NUD is also one of the most prevalent disorders in the Japanese, although its characteristics may be somewhat different from those in Western countries.© 1999 Blackwell Science Asia Pty Ltd
Zinc sulphate solution enema decreases inflammation in experimental colitis in rats
Authors: Chen Bao‐Wen , Wang Hua‐Hong , Liu Jian‐Xiang , Liu Xin‐Guang 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: It has been reported that zinc sulphate contributes an anti‐inflammatory action in many animal models; however, the impact of zinc in colitis remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of zinc sulphate in experimental colitis.
Methods
: Colitis was induced by 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNB) in rats. Beginning at the first day of TNB colitis, the rats were treated with a zinc sulphate enema once daily for 6 days. The rats were examined 8 days later.
Results
: The TNB induced severe colitis as evidenced by increased mucosal lesion area, mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels. Six days after the application of the zinc sulphate enema, the mucosal lesion area, MPO activity, PGE2 and LTB4 levels all decreased significantly. Mucosal superoxide dismutase activity remained unchanged after zinc treatments.
Conclusions
: Our data suggest that zinc sulphate enemas have an anti‐inflammatory action on experimental colitis.© 1999 Blackwell Science Asia Pty Ltd
Influence of endoscopic variceal ligation on oesophageal motility
Authors: Chen Sam‐Ming , Lo Gin‐Ho , Lai Kwok‐Hung , Jeng Jing‐Shiung , Shen Ming‐Tse , Huang Rong‐Long , Chang Chia‐Fu , Lin Chiun‐Ku , Wang E‐Ming 
Published: March 2003

Background: To determine the change of oesophageal manometry in patients with oesophageal varices before and after oesophageal variceal ligation (EVL). Methods: Forty‐five patients who had liver cirrhosis and oesophageal varices with high risk of bleeding were managed by EVL. Oesophageal manometry was performed just prior to the ligation and 4–6 weeks after obliteration of varices. Another 45 age‐ and sex‐matched patients without hepatic, oesophageal or systemic disease served as the control group. Results: At 5 cm above the lower oesophageal sphincter (LES), the amplitude of the contractive wave was significantly lower in patients before EVL (56.9 ± 31.8 vs 80.1 ± 30.1, P < 0.05) and returned to the level of control subjects after EVL (76.5 ± 37.0 vs 80.1 ± 30.1, P > 0.05). At 10 cm above LES, the amplitude of the contractive wave was significantly lower in patients before and after EVL than the control group (54.3 ± 29.2 vs 68.1 ± 29.5, 54.2 ± 26.0 vs 68.1 ± 29.5, respectively, P < 0.05). The percentage of tertiary waves was significantly higher in patients before and after EVL than in the control group (31.4 ± 36.6 vs 5.8 ± 15.1, 26.9 ± 32.9 vs 5.8 ± 15.1, respectively, P < 0.05). However, no significant swallowing disturbance was noted in patients after EVL. There was significantly greater LES length in patients before EVL (4.0 ± 0.9 vs 3.4 ± 0.7, P < 0.05) but there was no significant difference in the LES length after EVL as compared with the control group. Eighty‐six per cent (39/45) of patients developed para‐oesophageal varices and 31% (14/45) developed new varices 6 months after variceal obliteration. However, there was no significant difference in manometry at the time of variceal obliteration between patients with variceal recurrence and those without. Conclusions: The presence of varices affected oesophageal motility. However, such abnormality had little clinical significance. Endoscopic variceal ligation normalized oesophageal motility and may not induce abnormal oesophageal motility. The manometric change can not be used to predict the recurrence of varices in cirrhotic patients after variceal obliteration.
HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION AMONG KINDERGARTEN CHILDREN IN MATARAM
Authors: Sumarsidi Didacus , Gunawan Stephanus , Sumoharjo Suwignyo , Muttaqin Zainul , Astiti Luh Gde Sri , Rosalina Rina 
Published: March 2003

ObjectiveThe prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in developing countries is relatively high due to the improper hygiene and sanitation. In the developing countries the infection started in very early age. The prevalence of Anti‐Helicobacter pylori among blood donor in Mataram is among the highest in Indonesia. The objective of this study is to measure antibody to Helicobacter pylori in Kindergarten children using Passive Hemaglutination (PHA) method that had been proven to have a high sensitivity and specificity compared to the results of Helicobacter pylori culture.Material and MethodThe venous blood were drawn from 441 kindergarten children aged 3 ‐ 7 years old, consist of 207 female and 234 male. The sera was assayed for antibody to Helicobacter pylori using Passive Hemaglutination Method (PHA) consist of glutaraldehyde fixed type O human erythrocyte coated with purified outer antigen of Helicobacter pylori.ResultAnti‐Helicobacter pylori was positive using PHA in 216 children (49.4%), consist of 111 female (53.5%) and 107 male (45.7%). Statistic analysis shows no statistically significant difference in Anti‐Helicobacter pylori prevalence between male and female (chi square p>0.05). Children from relatively high social economic level showed lower Anti‐Helicobacter pylori (41.01%) compared with children from lower socioeconomic level (55,13%) and the difference is statistically significant (chi square p < 0.05).ConclusionIn Mataram Helicobacter pylori infection were acquired at very early age so that in preschool age almost 50% of the children have been infected with Helicobacter pylori. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is higher in the low socioeconomic compared to high socioeconomic level.
PROFILE OF PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE IN THE ELDERLY
Authors: Kahna Sudeep , Joshi Anoop , Ahuja Vineet , Sharma. M.p 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundPeptic ulcer disease has protean manifestations in various age groupsAimTo compare the clinical presentation and outcome of peptic ulcer disease in the elderly ( >60 year) with age group less than 60 years.MethodsThis was a single center prospective study. The study subjects comprised of patients of peptic ulcer disease divided into 2 groups: ,<60 year and > 60 year. A total of 40 patient of endoscopically proven peptic ulcer were included with 20 patient in each age group. Detection of Helicobacter pylori was done by C14 urea breath test (UBT) and rapid urease test (RUT). Eradication therapy for Hp was given to patients who were either RUT or UBT positive. At the end of 6 weeks after completion of eradication regime endoscopy was repeated to look for ulcer healing and Hp eradication. A repeat endoscopy at 6 months was done for checking recurrence of ulcer or Hp.ResultsConclusionsThere is no increases prevalence of gastric ulcer in the elderly. Ina elderly, peptic ulcer disease presents more often with bleeding. There are no significant differences in eradication and recurrence rates of H. pylori in elderly as compared to the younger age group.
ENDOSCOPIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC PICTURE OF GASTRIC MUCOSA IN GASTRITIS PATIENT WITH HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION
Authors: G Siregar , Hakim Zain Lukman , P Tarigan , S Pardede , G Tambunan 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundHelicobacter pylori (HP) can colonise beneath layer of mucous on the surface of gastric epithelial cell caused chronic infection more than 95% at antrum (chronic antral inflammation) besides corpus with spreading inequitably. This inflammation can cause gastric lesion as a Gastritis Gastric Ulcer (GU), Duodenal Ulcer (DU) or cancer. Absence of chronic antral inflammation (increased number of mononuclear cells in lamina propria) is a highly specific methode to exclude HP infection.ObjectiveTo investigated endoscopic mucosal lesion in Gastritis and histologic picture of gastric mucosal HP infectionMethodThis study was performed in 50 patient with gastroscopic lesion with Gastritis and CLO test positive HP was evaluated by modified Giemsa staining and gastritis by Hematoxiline and eosin (H and E) staining in the antrum and corpus.ResultReported in the Third Western Pacific Helicobacter Congress, June 22‐24 Bali Indonesia.
CagA NEGATIVE STATUS IS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH RATE OF RECURRENCE OF H. PYLORI FOLLOWING ERADICATION IN INDIAN PATIENTS WITH DUODENAL ULCER
Authors: Ahuja Vineet , Arur Swathi , Kumar Dinesh , Sharma. M.p 
Published: March 2003

Background and AimHigh prevalence of H. pylori (Hp) in developing countries may result in high reinfection rates. The study was aimed to determined the reinfection rate and duodenal ulcer (DU) reccurence and to determine whether they correlated with Cag A status of Hp isolates.Methods106 patients with DU proven by endoscopy and who were positive for Hp (rapid urease test C‐14 urea breath test, and culture) were given triple therapy for Hp eradication. Patients were followed post eradication at 3 months and then every 6 month with endoscopy and tests for Hp. Cag A positivity was determined by polymerase chain reaction.Results106 patients had a mean follow up of 15.3 month (3‐48 months). 74 (70%) of the 106 patients were found to be Hp negative after therapy. 19 (26%) of these 74 patients were againt found to be Hp positive with a recurrence rate of 14.6% per year. Duodenal ulcer recurred in 14 of these 19 patients (73.6%) and in none of 55 non reinfected patients. Cag A status was determined in 44 patients. Of the 33 patients in which Cag A was negative ulcer recurred in 5 (45.5%) patients. (p value < 0.07).ConclusionThere was a high rate of recurrence of H. pylori and duodenal ulcer following Hp eradication. Cag A negative status in Hp isolates is associated with a higher rate of recurrence.
FUNCTIONAL MUTATION OF P53 GENE DETECTED BY NOVEL YEAST ASSAY IN THE STOMACH OF MONGOLIAN GERBIL INFECTED WITH H.P
Authors: Sugiyama T. , Ishizuka J. , Asaka M. 
Published: March 2003

Aim:Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a definite carcinogen in human gastric cancer and is proven to induce gastric cancer in Mongolian gerbil (MG) infected with H. pylori. Major disadvantage in MG model is to lack specific reagents and genetic informations for investigation. In this study, we cloned p53 gene of MG and established a functional mutation assay by using yeast system and detected it in the stomach of MG infected with H. pylori.Methods:1) RNA was extracted from MG liver and p53 cDNA was cloned by RT‐PCR and RACE methods. 2) cDNA of p53 in the stomach, intestine and other tissues were amplified by RT‐PCR and was transfected into yeast IG397 with pLSGP53 vector. After transfection, cDNA of p53 was ligated in the vector by homologous recombination and produced p53 protein in yeast. 3) The stomach of MG infected with H. pylori up to 142 weeks was studied.Results:1) p53 protein of MG had 76.2% homology to human p53, 61.4% in N‐terminal, 87.8% in DNA binding domain and 72.2% in C‐terminal. 2) Functional mutation rate (red yeast colony) of p53 in stomach, intestine, liver, brain without H. pylori infection were less than 10%. 3) Two of 16 stomachs infected with H. pylori showed significantly high percentage of red colony, 117 week‐infected MG. 4) p53 cDNA with red yeast colonies derived from 106 week‐infected MG stomach was sequenced and they showed clonal mutation.Conclusion:One of 16 stomachs infected with H. pylori demonstrated clonal mutation of p53 and lost the transcriptional activity of wild type p53. This novel assay is useful for detecting a functional mutation of p53 of MG infected with H. pylori
Increase in CD95 (Fas/APO‐1)‐positive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood derived from patients with autoimmune hepatitis or chronic hepatitis C with autoimmune phenomena
Authors: Ogawa Shin , Sakaguchi Kohsaku , Takaki Akinobu , Shiraga Kunihiro , Sawayama Tomoyuki , Mouri Hirokazu , Miyashita Manabi , Koide Norio , Tsuji Takao 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: The expressions of CD95 (Fas/APO‐1) and Bcl‐2 are determinants of apoptosis in normal lymphocytes, and abnormalities in their expressions might contribute to the induction of autoimmunity. In this study, we examined the expressions of CD95 and Bcl‐2 on freshly isolated T and B cells from patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) or chronic hepatitis C associated with autoimmune phenomena (CH‐C(AI)).
Methods
: The CD95 and Bcl‐2 expressions within CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and CD19+ B cell subsets were analysed by two‐colour flow cytometry.
Results
: The surface expression of CD95 was significantly high in both the CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell subsets derived from the patients with AIH and those with CH‐C(AI), compared with expression in patients with CH‐C and normal subjects. The increase in CD95 expression was associated with the phenotypic conversion of naive CD45RO– to primed CD45RO+ CD4+ T cells. Bcl‐2 was detected in the vast majority of peripheral T and B cells. There was no significant difference in the percentage of Bcl‐2‐positive cells in the CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell and CD19+ B cell subsets among the patient groups and normal subjects.
Conclusions
: These results indicate that an increase in CD4+ T cells expressing CD45RO and CD95 marks an important subset of AIH and CH‐C(AI) patients. These expanded CD95+ CD45RO+ primed T cells most likely reflect a continuous antigen‐specific or non‐specific activation of T lymphocytes, and/or the persistent presence of activated lymphocytes as a consequence of abnormalities in the peripheral deletion of activated lymphocytes. These persistently activated lymphocytes might play a role in the induction of autoimmunity in AIH and CH‐C(AI).
Predictors of the efficacy of interferon therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C before and during therapy: how does this modify the treatment course?
Authors: Shiratori Yasushi , Omata Masao 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAntiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection should be based on the natural history of HCV infection; there is a sequential, but slow, progression from chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis, leading to death from either liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The risk of HCC development increases in association with the advance of fibrosis, and antiviral therapy can reduce this risk. More than 30 indices have been proposed as ‘predictors’ of favourable response to IFN therapy: host factors (age, gender, duration of HCV‐infection, alcohol intake, hepatic iron stores, platelet count, histological staging of the liver disease), viral factors (HCV RNA levels in serum, HCV subtype, diversity of the hypervariable region, mutation of non‐structure 5A gene), and IFN factors (dose, duration of treatment, type, treatment regimens i.e. every day vs three times a week, escalating dose regimen). Before starting IFN therapy, HCV subtype and pretreatment HCV RNA load, as well as the fibrotic stage of the liver, should be determined. The response to IFN therapy should be monitored by the HCV RNA status in serum during therapy, and the treatment regimen modified, or discontinued as required. A sustained virological response should be checked at more than 3 months after the completion of therapy. Even though the risk of HCC is markedly reduced in sustained responders, it is possible to develop HCC several years after completion of IFN therapy.