bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutant p53 regulates a distinct gene set by a mode of genome occupancy that is shared with wild type
Authors: Rahmé Ramy , Resnick-Silverman Lois , Anguiano Vincent , Campbell Moray J , Fenaux Pierre , Manfredi James J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To directly examine the interplay between mutant p53 or Mdm2 and wild type p53 in gene occupancy and expression, an integrated RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis was performed in vivo using isogenically matched mouse strains. Response to radiation was used as an endpoint to place findings in a biologically relevant context. Unexpectedly, mutant p53 and Mdm2 only inhibit a subset of wild type p53-mediated gene expression. In contrast to a dominant-negative or inhibitory role, the presence of either mutant p53 or Mdm2 actually enhances the occupancy of wild type p53 on many canonical targets. The C-terminal 19 amino acids of wild type p53 suppress the p53 response allowing for survival at sublethal doses of radiation. Further, the p53 mutant 172H is shown to occupy genes and regulate their expression via non-canonical means that are shared with wild type p53. This results in the heterozygous 172H/+ genotype having an expanded transcriptome compared to wild type p53 + /+.
The robustness of inferred envelope and core rotation rates of red giant stars from asteroseismology
Authors: Ahlborn F. , Bellinger E. P. , Hekker S. , Basu S. , Mokrytska D. 
Published: January 2025

Context. Rotation is an important phenomenon influencing stellar structure and evolution, however, it has not been adequately modelled thus far. Therefore, accurate estimates of internal rotation rates are valuable for constraining stellar evolution models.
Aims. We aim to assess the accuracy of asteroseismic estimates of internal rotation rates and how they depend on the fundamental stellar parameters.
Methods. We applied the recently developed extended-multiplicative optimally localised averages (eMOLA) inversion method, to infer localised estimates of internal rotation rates of synthetic observations of red giants. We searched for suitable reference stellar models, following a grid-based approach, and we assessed the robustness of the resulting inferences with respect to the choice of reference model.
Results. We find that matching the mixed-mode pattern between the observation and the reference model is an important criterion for selecting suitable reference models. We propose (i) selecting a set of reference models based on the correlation between the observed rotational splittings and the mode-trapping parameter; (ii) computing the rotation rates for all these models; and (iii) using the average value obtained across the whole set as the estimate of the internal rotation rates. We find that the effect of a near surface perturbation in the synthetic observations on the rotation rates estimated based on the correlation between the observed rotational splittings and the mode-trapping parameter is negligible.
Conclusions. We conclude that when using an ensemble of reference models that are selected by matching the mixed-mode pattern, the input rotation rates can be recovered across a range of fundamental stellar parameters such as mass, mixing-length parameter, and composition. Further, red giant rotation rates determined in this way are also independent of any near-surface perturbation of the stellar structure.
Using the STIX background detector as a proxy for GOES
Authors: Stiefel Muriel Zoë , Kuhar Matej , Limousin Olivier , Dickson Ewan C. M. , Volpara Anna , Hurford Gordon J. , Krucker Säm 
Published: January 2025

Context. The Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-Rays (STIX) on board Solar Orbiter was designed to observe solar flares in the X-ray range of 4−150 keV, providing spectral, temporal, and spatial information. Besides 30 imaging detectors, STIX has two additional detectors: the coarse flare locator (CFL) and the background (BKG) detector, which are used in the present study. Flares observed from Earth are classified using their peak X-ray flux observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) instruments. Given to the Solar Orbiter mission design, roughly half of all flares observed by STIX are located on the backside of the Sun. These flares lack a GOES-class classification.
Aims. In this paper, we describe the calibration of the BKG detector aperture sizes. Using the calibrated measurements of the BKG detector, we explore the relationship between the peak flux for flares jointly observed by STIX and GOES. This allows us to estimate the GOES flare classes of backside flares using STIX measurements.
Methods. We looked at the 500 largest flares observed by both STIX and GOES in the time range February 2021 to April 2023. The aperture size calibration was done by comparing 4−10 keV counts of the BKG detector with the CFL measurements. In a second step, we correlated the calibrated STIX BKG peak flux with the GOES peak flux for individual flares.
Results. We calibrated the BKG detector aperture sizes of STIX, which are now ready to be implemented into the ground-software (GSW) of STIX. Furthermore, we showed that for the larger flares (C class and above) a close power law fit exists between the STIX BKG and GOES peak flux, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.97. This correlation provides a GOES proxy with a one sigma uncertainty of ≈11%. We were able to show that the BKG detector can reliably measure a broad range of GOES flare classes from roughly B5 up to at least X85 (assuming a radial distance of 1 AU). This makes it an interesting detector-concept for future space weather missions. Thus far, the largest flare observed by STIX to date is an estimated X16.5 ± 1.8 backside flare of May 20, 2024.
Anatomical Variations of the Nasal Conchae and Nasal Septum and their Relationships with Alterations in the Maxillary Sinus Mucosa: A Study on Cone-beam Computed Tomography Images
Authors: Almeida Luara da Silveira Roberto , Ruffo Aline da Silva , Devito Karina Lopes 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction In the literature, there is divergence about the relationship between anatomical variations of the turbinates and nasal septum (NS) and alterations in the maxillary sinus (MS) mucosa.
Objective To determine, through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of Brazilian individuals, the prevalence and relationship of anatomical variations of the turbinates and NS with alterations in the mucosa of the MS, as well as to analyze the relationships of these variables with demographic data.
Methods The present cross-sectional study involved the analysis of 120 CBCT scans using the i-CAT Vision software, conducted by 2 calibrated examiners. The MS, lower and medium turbinates, and NS were evaluated. Data on gender, age, and the side affected by anatomical variation were also collected. The intra- and interexaminer agreements were assessed using Kappa indices. The association was analyzed using the Chi-squared or Fisher exact tests, and measured by the Phi, Cramer V, or Kendall Tau-C values.
Results Most patients presented partial opacification of the MS (89.2%), inferior turbinate hypertrophy (TH) (60.8%), and NS deviation (85%). There were no cases of inferior concha bullosa (CB), while the prevalence of middle CB was of 20%. Variation in the turbinates, CB, and NS were not significantly related to changes in the MS mucosa.
Conclusion We can conclude that, in the evaluated sample, there was no significant associations involving the studied variables.
Effect of Different Tapered Gutta-Percha Points on Push-Out Bond Strength of Two Root Canal Sealers
Authors: Suksaphar Warattama , Tungsawat Pakit , Wongwatanasanti Ninnita , Lertnantapanya Siripat , Yodmanothum Prattana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the push-out bond strength of root canal filling with different tapered gutta-percha points of two root canal sealers.
Materials and Methods One hundred and twenty mandibular premolar teeth were prepared with a Reciproc blue file to size R50 and divided into four groups (n = 30 per group), with group 1 receiving iRoot SP with 02-tapered gutta-percha point (iRoot02), group 2 receiving iRoot SP with match-tapered gutta-percha point (iRoot50), group 3 receiving canal sealer bioactive glass (CS-BG) with 02-tapered gutta-percha point (BG02), and group 4 receiving CS-BG with match-tapered gutta-percha point (BG50). All samples were stored at 37°C and 100% humidity for 1 week. The specimens were resected at 3.5 and 5 mm from the apex, and push-out bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine.
Results iRoot02 had the highest push-out bond strength and differed significantly from iRootR50. BGR50 produced the lowest push-out values and showed no difference from BG02.
Conclusions The amount of iRoot SP in the root canal filling influences the material's resistance to pushing out. It will be more resistant if the ratio of iRoot SP to gutta-percha is high. When gutta-percha points with different tapers were used, the amount of CS-BG had no effect on the push-out force.
Extra-institutional science: DIY biologists’ democratization of scientific practices and spaces
Authors: Eireiner Anna Verena 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
DIY biology, or Do-It-Yourself biology, refers to a movement where individuals and communities establish laboratories outside traditional academic and industrial settings—such as in garages, kitchens, or community spaces. DIY biologists experiment with gene-editing technologies like CRISPR, cultivate glow-in-the-dark plants, and engineering colorful fungi. This practice challenges established norms in research, advocating for decentralized and community-driven approaches to scientific inquiry and innovation. DIY biologists are often trained scientists who choose to conduct their research in community or home laboratories. The DIY biology movement highlights that science’s boundaries are flexible and sometimes ambiguous (Gieryn in Am Sociol Rev 48:781–795, 1983). By operating outside traditional research institutions, DIY biologists challenge established authority, hierarchies, funding structures, and proprietary regimes. They create a distinct identity beyond the increasingly neoliberalized institutional spheres of modern knowledge production, showcasing alternative ways to pursue science. I theorize DIY biology as ‘extra-institutional science’ due to its emergence outside conventional laboratories of industry and academia. This research draws on empirical data from interviews with DIY biologists and the 2021 DIY Biology Community Survey.
Organizing European security through informal groups: insights from the European Union’s response to the Russian war in Ukraine
Authors: Amadio Viceré Maria Giulia , Sus Monika 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In addition to joint activities undertaken via the EU institutional framework in response to the Russian war in Ukraine, EU countries also shaped the broader European security architecture through informal groups. These groups, which lack formal institutional structures, allow EU member states to coordinate activities to pursue common objectives. Despite the rapidly growing literature on informal groups, their occurrence and relevance in the wake of the outbreak of war in Ukraine remain understudied. This study examines informal groups' compositions, motivations, and reflects on their relevance for the European security architecture. It suggests that by resorting to informal groups, EU member states have organized the European security order functionally and geographically into several formats. By doing so, they have fostered compartmentalized multilateralism, contributing to functional relations between various layers of European security order.
Interstellar spectroscopic detection of HC(S)NC and DC(S)NC
Authors: Trabelsi Tarek , El-Tohamy Maha F. , Mostafa Gamal A. E. , Francisco Joseph S. 
Published: January 2025

The detection of HC(S)CN in TMC-1 suggests that HC(S)NC may also exist. To aid in its possible detection, HC(S)NC and its deuterated isotopologue DC(S)NC were investigated via high-level ab initio methods, specifically CCSD(T) and CCSD(T)-F12. By utilizing multidimensional potential energy surfaces derived from explicitly correlated coupled-cluster calculations, we analyzed their geometrical parameters, vibrational frequencies, rotational constants, and a comprehensive set of spectroscopic constants generated via the vibrational second-order perturbation theory, vibrational self-consistent field, and vibrational configuration interaction theory(VCI) approaches. HC(S)NC is thermodynamically stable relative to the HCS + NC dissociation limit, with a predicted bond dissociation energy of 4.1 eV. The calculated vibrational frequencies are characterized by two bright modes that correspond to CN stretching. Finally, HC(S)NC shows a significant dipole moment, predicted to be 1.9 D, making its detection via rotational spectroscopy plausible.
Majority and minority language elementary school children with and without reading difficulties in a regular foreign
language and an immersion program
Authors: Steinlen Anja , Piske Thorsten 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In Germany, the number of bilingual elementary schools, in which subjects are taught in a foreign language (FL),
is on the rise. While previous research highlights advantages for typically developing students in such programs, little is known
about at-risk learners, including those with reading difficulties (RD), affecting 5–10% of all German school children. This
exploratory study investigates FL English abilities in 359 Year 4 elementary school students by comparing minority (L2) and
majority language (L1) students with and without RD in a partial immersion (IM) and a regular (EFL) program. Students with RD
(n = 95) were identified through a standardized German reading test and cognitive tests. Results showed no
impact of language background on English tests, but teaching program was identified as a significant predictor, with IM students
outperforming EFL peers, irrespective of RD. These preliminary findings indicate that students with RD may benefit from IM
programs, possibly due to increased literacy activities.
The semantic change of faqare (‘vertebra’, ‘unit’)
as a numeral classifier in Persian
Authors: Soltani Reza , Janda Laura A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article deals with an ongoing semantic change in which
Persian faqare (‘vertebra’, or ‘unit’) is transitioning from a
specific numeral classifier to a general numeral classifier in the grammatical
construction Num + faqare + NP. In this transition the
connections to the prototypical meanings of faqare are being
weakened. This marks a late phase in the life cycle of a radial category, when
the category is eroding, leading to productivity in the range of fillers for the
NP slot. This late phase of radial categories has received little attention in
the scholarly literature. We cite corpus data showing that a variety of factors
contribute to the productive extension of faqare, including:
context; the presence of prototypical collocates with faqare
adjacent to the construction; and register, where mismatches produce humorous
effects.
Bridging gaps and leveraging opportunities for One Health: Feedback from the 8th World One Health Congress
Authors: Caron Alexandre , Garine-Wichatitsky Michel de , Figuié Muriel , Meunier Julie , Mugabe Prisca , Zinsstag Jakob 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We attended the 8th WOHC between the 20th and 23rd of September 2024 in Cape Town, South Africa and we provide here our feedback with a specific perspective on the policy implications. The One Health approach still needs to go beyond diseases and to embrace a truly holistic definition of health in both its pathogenic and salutogenic components. This broader definition of health should be applied to all human groups with more equity and inclusivity, to non-human animals, as sentient beings, and to ecosystems and the environment in a more integrated way.

One Health impact statement

Given our multidisciplinary expertise and varied interests, we hope to have grasped the quintessence of the 8th World One Health congress in Cape Town in September 2024 and may therefore be able to provide a fair impression, albeit necessarily biased and personal. Our reflections below will be guided by the One Health High Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP) foundational principles of the new One Health definition (Mettenleiter
et al
.,
2023
).
CRISPR/Cas genome editing: Innovations and impacts on animal protein production
Authors: Rocha Maximiano Mariana , Franco Octávio Luiz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Food security has become an urgent global challenge as global population growth and climate change intensify. Livestock production systems must adapt to meet the growing demand for high-quality animal protein while minimizing environmental impacts. CRISPR/Cas genome editing has emerged as a transformative technology, enabling precise genetic modifications that enhance productivity, improve disease resistance, and promote animal welfare. In this context, this review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current advancements in CRISPR/Cas genome editing tools for animal protein production, while addressing the challenges and future prospects of applying genome editing in livestock farming. Several studies have targeted genes associated with meat production, milk improvement, disease susceptibility, and animal welfare. The results have shown success in developing edited animals that increase meat production and milk quality and make animals more resilient to various infections, thereby reducing the economic losses associated with disease outbreaks. However, this advance still faces challenges, including technical, regulatory and ethical issues, and public acceptance. Even so, some of these edited animals are in the advanced stages of the regulatory approval process in some countries, including cattle with heat tolerance, pigs with resistance against PRRS-virus, and some fish that present an increase in meat production. In this context, this review consolidates current knowledge on CRISPR/Cas applications in animal protein production, highlights significant achievements, and addresses challenges related to the regulatory landscape, public perception, and ethical concerns. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of adaptable regulatory frameworks to ensure the responsible and sustainable advancement of genome editing in livestock.
A sensing material-free and simple readout MEMS sensor for detecting helium
Authors: Mohaidat Sulaiman , Okour Mohammad , Alsaleem Fadi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this work, we report a method that enables a standard electrostatic microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device to perform complex sensing functionalities, such as detecting the presence of helium without a sensing material or a conditioning circuit. Helium is a noble, odorless, non-reactive gas that is very challenging to detect. It is used in critical applications such as storing nuclear fuel waste inside a dry cask. In these applications, its leakage from the dry cask may indicate the cask’s safe operation’s degradation. A departure from the common practice of exciting the MEMS around its mechanical resonance, the method is based on exciting the MEMS around its electrical resonance circuit. This method shows that the tiny difference between the air dielectric constant (1.000 59) and helium (1.000 067) corresponding to only a few Femtofarad level capacitances produces a 25 mV difference without a conditioning circuit. Simulation results confirmed those findings and explored the sensor response at different operation conditions. This method eliminates the need for a heated microstructure and the need for absorption material. This method is not limited to gas sensing. It can be applied to other sensing mechanisms, such as acceleration and pressure measurements, and eliminate the complex circuit to read small capacitance in these applications.
Focal beam position and shape manipulation enabled by polarization and plasmonic metasurfaces
Authors: Chang Chin-Kai , Lee Da 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Over the past few years, plasmonic metasurfaces (PMs) have shown significant potential for the manipulation of the focal beam shape and position. However, traditional hole-type PMs have lower optical transmission (<5%) and lack design freedom because most areas are opaque. Herein, we propose an island-type PM design that achieves high optical transmission (approximately 50%), while allowing the focal position to be controlled via incident polarization. This PM exhibits the geometric phase characteristics of anisotropic nano-ellipses, and an additional phase shift is induced by varying the nano-ellipse rotation angles. The metasurface can achieve phase modulation via a spatial nano-ellipse arrangement and enables focus at the desired location under specific incident polarization handedness. Moreover, the number of radial multiplexing in this PM can be increased to provide multiple focal points to endow the metasurface with an extended focal depth (12.2 times the incident wavelength). The PM performance was demonstrated through simulations and experiments. The proposed metasurface has a highly versatile design and has significant and diverse applications across multiple optical fields.
A simple plan strategy to optimize the biological effective dose delivered in robotic radiosurgery of vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Moutsatsos A , Pantelis E 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using the concept of biologically effective dose (BED), the effect of sublethal DNA damage repair (SLR) on the bio-efficacy of prolonged radiotherapy treatments can be quantified (BEDSLR). Such treatments, lasting more than 20 min, are typically encountered in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) applications using the CyberKnife (CK) and Gamma knife systems. Evaluating the plan data from 45 Vestibular Schwannoma (VS) cases treated with single fraction CK-SRS, this work demonstrates a statistically significant correlation between the marginal BEDSLR delivered to the target (m-BEDSLR) and the ratio of the mean collimator size weighted by the fraction of total beams delivered with each collimator (

w
m

Cs

), to the tumor volume (Tv). The correlation between m-BEDSLR and

w
m

Cs

Tv

datasets was mathematically expressed by the power function

m
−

BE

D

SLR

=
85.21

(

±
1.7
%

)

⋅

(

w
m

C
s

T
v

)

(

0.05
±
7
%

)

enabling continuous m-BEDSLR predictions. Using this formula, a specific range of m-BEDSLR levels can a priori be targeted during treatment planning through proper selection of collimator size(s) for a given tumor volume. Inversely, for a selected set of collimators, the optimization range of m-BEDSLR can be determined assuming that all beams are delivered with the smallest and largest collimator size. For single collimator cases or when the relative usage of each collimator size is known or estimated, a specific m-BEDSLR level can be predicted within 3% uncertainty. The proposed equation is valid for the fixed CK collimators and a physical dose prescription (D
pr) of 13 Gy. For alternate D
pr in the range of 11–14 Gy, a linear relationship was found between relative changes of m-BEDSLR(D
pr) and D
pr with respect to m-BEDSLR(13 Gy) and 13 Gy, respectively. The proposed methodology is simple and easy to implement in the clinical setting allowing for optimization of the treatment’s bio-effectiveness, in terms of the delivered BED, during treatment planning.