bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of lipid accumulation product and the risk of type 2 diabetes; a cross sectional population-based study
Authors: Sadafi Sepehr , Azizi Ali , Najafi Farid , Pasdar Yahya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) is a measure that indicates the presence of excessive fat accumulation in the body. LAP have been the focus of research in epidemiological studies aimed at forecasting chronic and metabolic illnesses. This study was carried out to examine the association between LAP and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the adult population of western Iran.
Methods
The study included 9,065 adults between the ages of 35 and 65 who were registered baseline phase of the Ravansar non-communicable diseases study (RaNCD) cohort study. Multiple logistic regression models were employed to explore the association between LAP and T2DM. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive capability of the LAP for T2DM.
Results
The average LAP was 53.10 ± 36.60 in the healthy group and 75.51 ± 51.34 in the diabetic group (P < 0.001). The multiple regression model indicated that, after controlling for potentially confounding variables, the odds of T2DM in the second quartile of lipids is 1.60 (95%CI: 1.17, 2.18) times higher than in the first quartile. Additionally, in the third and fourth quartiles, it is 2.43 (95%CI: 1.80, 3.28) and 3.36 (95%CI: 2.47, 4.56) times higher than in the first quartile, respectively. The results of ROC analysis for predicting T2DM indicated that the LAP index has (AUC: 0.66, 95%CI: 0.64, 0.68).
Conclusion
The association between high LAP levels and the T2DM was found to be strong in the adult population of western Iran. LAP is suggested as a tool in diabetes susceptibility screening.
Inhaled Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitor Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-Mediated Acute Lung Injury via the MAPK/AKT/NLRP3 Pathway
Authors: Song Yuanlin , Tang Xinjun , Aji Nurbiya , Feng Nana , Pan Ting , Li Miao , Song Juan , Zhang Cuiping , Chao Yencheng , Chen Cuicui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), an overwhelming inflammatory condition, is characterized by systemic inflammation and multiorgan dysfunction. Neutrophil extrusion of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and concomitant cell death process (NETosis) provides host defense, while neutrophil elastase (NE), a serine protease stored in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils, contributes to NETs for entrapping extracellular pathogens. Importantly, excess NETs and NETosis mediated pyroptosis in the etiopathogenesis. However, the exact mechanism underlying NE-mediated NET formation contributed to pyroptosis during ALI/ARDS remains unclear. In this study, we reported that neutrophils were susceptible to NETosis in the lungs of ARDS patients. We investigated the effects and the underlying mechanisms of an inhaled NE inhibitor AK0705 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice. The inflammatory cytokines assessments, pathologic examination, and detection of NETs indicated that inhalation of AK0705 ameliorated LPS-induced lung injury, and suppressed the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Furthermore, the results of cell-free DNA, myeloperoxidase (MPO), citrullinated histone (citH3), NE level, and NE activity showed that AK0705 significantly inhibited LPS-induced NET formation. Western blot revealed that AK0705 effectively inhibited LPS-triggered pyroptosis by downregulating MAPK/AKT/NLRP3 signaling pathway. In conclusion, our investigation demonstrated for the first time that AK0705 could protect against LPS-induced ALI by promoting a reduction of NET formation and suppressing pyroptosis. These data suggest that targeting NETs, especially NE, using AK0705 is a promising approach to prevent NET formation in the progression of ALI/ALRDS.
Silicon induces resistance to leaf scald in sugarcane under water deficit
Authors: Nicolau Mayara Cristina Malvas , Bini Andressa Peres , Prado Renato Mello , Piccolo Marisa Cassia , Gratão Priscila Lupino 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Sugarcane is one of the main crops in the world, representing great importance for the Brazilian economy. However, phytosanitary problems mean that its production has been stagnant since 2010. Leaf scald, a disease caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas albilineans, affects sugarcane fields, reducing their productivity, with its effects intensified by water deficiency. Currently, there are no treatments to control this bacteriosis, making it essential to develop new strategies to reduce its damage. Thus, the use of silicon (Si) presents encouraging results in mitigating the effects caused by different stresses in different crops. However, little is known about the role of Si as an inducer of leaf scald resistance. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Si application in controlling sugarcane scald associated with water deficiency. Two sugarcane cultivars were used, one susceptible (SP78-4467) and one resistant to the disease (SP80-3280), subjected to two stresses (X. albilineans and water deficiency) and pre-treated with Si. Analysis of lipid proxidation and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, GR, GPOX and GSH-Px) were analyzed. In the susceptible cultivar pre-treated with Si in the combination of stresses, the MDA content decreased. The activity of most enzymes increased in the presence of Si. Demonstrating that the exogenous application of Si acts in inducing the defense system of sugarcane plants against the effects of stress caused by the bacteria X. albilineanse and water deficiency, being more efficient in the responses observed for the susceptible cultivar.
Application of optical flow technique to short-term rainfall forecast for some synoptic patterns in Vietnam
Authors: Thu Nguyen Vinh , Tri Doan Quang , Hoa Bui Thi Khanh , Nguyen-Thi Hoang Anh , Hung Nguyen Viet , Tuyet Quach Thi Thanh , Nhat Nguyen Van , Pham Ha T.T. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The occurrence of heavy rains can lead to human, economic, and ecological disasters with large-scale consequences. There are now many precipitation forecasting systems that use radar products with different algorithms and techniques to provide forecasts for up to one to three hours, such as McGill algorithm for precipitation nowcasting by Lagrange extrapolation (MAPLE), Short-Term Ensemble Prediction System (STEPS), and Short-range Warning of Intense Rainstorms in Localized Systems (SWIRLS). Optical flow engineering is an important technique in computer vision. Our aim was to apply optical flow techniques using the methods of DenseRotation_FCAFlow - this method is a small branch of the Rainymotion library system, belonging to the Dense method group DenseRotation_Farneback - this method uses the local optical flow and polynomial function extension techniques to calculate radar echo region motion, Real-time Optical Flow by Variational Methods for Echoes of Radar - this method is used with two sets of parameters for Hong Kong (ROVER_HKO) and Vietnam ( ROVER_VN) to predict rainfall quantitatively from 2019–2021 radar rainfall quantitative data in Vietnam. The results show the following: (i) Changing the parameterizations of the ROVER_HKO method to apply to conditions in Vietnam (ROVER_VN) gives better results than the remaining methods for the total accumulated rainfall of the entire rainfall events, and the ROVER_VN method gives the best results in case rain occurs due to a combination of many synoptic patterns; (ii) The performance of Quantitative Precipitation Forecasting (QPF) using a performance diagram with light and moderate rainfall thresholds is also better captured in a combined local and global optical flow method than when using either type of optical flow alone. The ROVER_VN method quantitatively forecasts the cumulative rainfall of the entire rain event in case the rain is caused by the interaction of many different synoptic patterns and the rainfall area develops to be wide and fast moving, playing an especially important role in providing input data for forecasting and warning of floods, flash floods, and landslides throughout the territory of Vietnam.
Biogenic SnO2/CPA nanocomposite a green heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: Synthesis, Characterization and Transesterification studies
Authors: Prakash Akshay , Manuel Jerold 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper deals with the biogenic synthesis of tin oxide-corn peal ash (SnO2/CPA) nanocomposites as a novel heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel.SnO2/CPA nanocomposites were synthesized by a green method using the leaf extract of Azadirachtaindica and ash carbon obtained from the dried peels of Zea mays at room temperature. The biomolecules present in the leaf extract act as a complexing as well as a capping agent. The morphology and chemical components of the catalyst are characterized using analytical techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The highest biodiesel yield of 86.3% was attained under the optimized reaction conditions; methanol to oil ratio of 12:1, catalyst loading of 2 wt %, and reaction time of 120 min at a temperature of 60°C. 1HNMR and FTIR confirmed the presence of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The composition of FAME was determined using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Investigations proved that SnO2/CPA nanocomposites an effective sustainable heterogeneous green catalyst for the production of biodiesel.
Optimization of Numerical Solutions of Stochastic Differential Equations with Time Delay
Authors: Stosovic Dejan , Čajić Elvir 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The research focuses on the optimization of numerical solutions of neutral stochastic differential equations with time delay. Analyzing approaches such as Euler-Maruyama, backward Euler, and θ-Euler-Maruyama methods, the goal is to investigate the characteristics of approximate solutions, especially stability and boundedness. This study contributes to the understanding of the complexity of stochastic processes, offering a perspective for further mathematical modeling and optimization. The study of the characteristics of approximate solutions includes a detailed analysis of their stability and limitations, providing insight into the system’s behavior in dynamic conditions. This analysis lays the foundations for the improvement of numerical methods and more precise modeling of stochastic processes with time delay. The aforementioned approaches, such as the Euler-Maruyama, backward Euler, and θ-Euler-Maruyama methods, provide tools for understanding and solving complex mathematical challenges. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this study sheds light on the field of optimization of numerical solutions, encouraging further development of theoretical and practical aspects of stochastic differential equations.
Ensemble deep neural network method for solving free boundary American style stochastic volatility models
Authors: Nwankwo Chinonso , Ware Tony , Dai Weizhong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present an ensemble deep learning method for solving free boundary American style stochastic volatility models. To this end, we cast our solution framework as a free boundary problem where the early exercise boundary surface, as a function of time and volatility, is approximated simultaneously with the value function and Greeks. For precise computation of the free boundary plane, we first use the Landau transformation to fix the free boundary and normalize the value function and the time domain. We then develop a novel ensemble auxiliary operator (EANO) involving suite of configurations based on the ensemble neural network output (ENNO). The early exercise boundary surface, value function, delta sensitivity, vega, gamma, vomma and vanna are predicted from the EENO, EANO, and the derivatives of EANO after training. The performance of our neural network configuration is verified and validated by comparison with some existing methods and examples. It provides an alternative approach for solving free boundary stochastic volatility models
Role of noncollinear spin texture driven z-torque in deterministic spin-orbit torque induced switching of perpendicular magnetization
Authors: An Suhyeok , Seo Hyeong-Joo , Kim Dongryul , Lee Ki-Seung , Baek Eunchong , Kim Jun-Su , Lee Soobeom , You Chun-Yeol 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To reveal the role of chirality on field-free spin-orbit torque (SOT) induced magnetization switching, we propose an existence of z-torque through the formation of noncollinear spin texture during SOT induced magnetization switching in a laterally two-level perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) system. For torque analysis, we simulated position-dependent energy distribution, combining two-level PMA and SOT to generate noncollinear spin texture. When SOT is applied, position-dependent energy analysis uncovers z-directional torque contribution from noncollinear spin textures, rarely observed in conventional uniform SOT switching. The z-component torque is significantly influenced by the interaction between noncollinear spin texture and interfacial Dzyloshinskii-Moriya interaction of system. Furthermore, experimental results on switching current variation based on switching polarity and two-level PMA differences also closely match simulations, confirming the validity of proposed z-torque.
Predictive Modelling for Non-Performing Assets in Indian Banking Sector
Authors: Pathare Suresh , Sandhu Mohneet 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper provides exploration of the financial and operational factors that contribute to India's Non-Performing Assets (NPA) problem, as well as practical solutions for mitigating the risk of future NPAs. Descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and time series analysis are used to identify the main drivers of NPAs of Indian banks and discovering that high levels of NPAs have resulted in lower profitability, increased provisioning requirements, and higher borrowing costs. Findings and recommendations of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers, regulators, and banking practitioners seeking to reduce the risk of NPAs in India.
Characteristics, Dynamics, and Impact of the Thar Desert Dust Storms on Air Quality over Northern India
Authors: Jain Madhavi , Saxena Pallavi , Sonwani Saurabh 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the present study, a pre-monsoon dust storm event (14 May 2018 ± 2 days), originating from Thar Desert (Rajasthan state), spread to north Indian states- Haryana, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh is selected. Satellite observations, climate model reanalysis datasets, and ground monitoring station and meteorological parameters were used to study the dust storm event and its impact on air quality of the northern region of India against a non-dust storm background reference (viz., 25 May 2018 ± 1 day). We include dust column mass density (DCMD total and DCMD PM2.5), and find 3-5 times higher air column dust loading (maximum 3.9 g/m2) during the event, against dust levels (~0.2-0.6 g/m2) during the background non-dust storm period. NOAA HYSPLIT 72-hour forward trajectories show air-mass transport from the Thar Desert towards IGP. Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD)> 2 in the affected region indicates a high residence time of dust aerosols. DCMD is used to show the 3-hourly progression of the dust storm (initiation, spread, and gradual dissipation). Moreover, hourly dust loading in the air (DCMD) and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) ground-based observations over Jodhpur (Rajasthan), Rohtak (Haryana), Delhi (NCT of Delhi), and Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) cities, show severe worsening of the already poor air quality of the region. Lastly, local spatial correlations are plotted to understand the spatial associations, variabilities, and local feedback between the variables- DCMD, AOD, 2m air temperature, precipitation, and wind speed.
Generation of harmonised pluvial flood hazard maps through decentralised analytics
Authors: Welten Sascha , Holt Adrian , Hofmann Julian , Weber Sven , Klopries Elena-Maria , Schüttrumpf Holger , Decker Stefan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Increasing extreme weather events pose significant challenges in hydrology, requiring tools for preparedness and prediction of intense rainfall impacts, especially flash floods. Current risk reduction measures for pluvial flood risk management rely on flood hazard maps, but inconsistencies in transregional standards that are used for risk assessment hinder cross-regional comparisons. While there are existing guidelines for the development of pluvial flood hazard maps, there is still a lack of holistic modelling systems that enable harmonised predictions of the impacts of heavy rainfall events. Furthermore, sensitive city data (e.g., critical infrastructure, sewer network) exist in many municipalities, which cannot be readily disclosed for modelling purposes. In this work, we propose an approach using distributed analytics to distribute computation commands to existing hydrodynamic models at different locations. In combination with harmonising model adapters, we enable the generation of harmonised pluvial flood hazard maps of different regions to tackle the inconsistencies and privacy concerns. We apply our approach to four adjacent urban areas in the Rhein-Sieg Kreis of North Rhine-Westphalia. Our results demonstrate the ability of our approach to produce cross-regional pluvial flood hazard maps, supporting disaster preparedness and management in regions prone to extreme weather events and flash floods.
Complications after pylori-preserving pancreatoduodenal resection in a 14-year-old girl with a solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas
Authors: Sokolov Yu. Yu. , Ananyev D. P. , Efremenkov A. M. , Solodinina E. N. , Melekhina O. V. , Zykin A.  P. , Akhmatov R. A. 
Published: January 2024

Pancreatoduodenal resection (PDR) is one of the most difficult surgical interventions in abdominal surgery of childhood. We present our clinical observation of a postoperative complication in a 14-years-old girl.The girl was operated on for a solid pseudopapillary tumor of the head of the pancreas, laparoscopically assisted pylori-preserving PDR was performed, mobilization and removal of the tumor was performed, distally between the stump of the pancreas and the Roux-en-Y loop of pancreatoejunoanastomo was formed. Mechanical jaundice occurred in the late postoperative period. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy, recanalization of hepaticoejunoanastomosis with the formation of external-internal transhepatic drainage was performed. 5 courses of balloon dilation of the stricture of the biliodigestive anastomosis were performed later.We demonstrate some complications of PDR in children and show possible options for their correction.
Penerapan instagramable interior design di café Meekow
Authors: Nopayati Yasmin Fitria , Ambarwati Dwi Retno Sri 
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan konsep penerapan instagramable interior design di café Meekow Kecamatan Selong Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian nya yaitu manager, staff atau karyawan, pengamat interior dan pengunjung café Meekow sedangkan objeknya yaitu café Meekow yang terkait dengan interior design yang instagramable. Tempat penelitian dilakukan di café Meekow Kecamatan Selong, Kabupaten Lombok Timur pada bulan Februari hingga September 2022. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk menganalisis adanya penerapan instagramabale interior design di café Meekow yaitu observasi, wawancara terstruktur, dokumentasi dan angket tertutup. Kemudian untuk memperkuat keabsahan data dipergunakan triangulasi yang terdiri dari triangulasi sumber, triangulasi metode dan triangulasi teori. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Pemanfaatan platform instagram oleh café Meekow dalam strategi pemasarannya dirasa cukup efektif mengingat jumlah pengguna instagram yang ada di Lombok semakin meningkat. Keefektifan penggunaan instagram ini terlihat dari banyaknya pengunjung yang memilih café Meekow sebagai tempat untuk menghabiskan waktu luang mereka serta dianggap memiliki desain yang lebih kekinian dibanding café lain dan layak dijadikan sebagai background foto untuk dibagikan pada instagram mereka sehingga sering diistilahkan sebagai café yang instagramable. 2) Instagramable merupakan istilah yang belakang ini dipergunakan para pengguna instagram untuk menyebutkan suatu hal yang sedang eksis di instagram baik itu yang berkaitan dengan tempat wisata, gaya desain dan lain sebagainya yang memang layak dibagikan di instagram. Desain instagramable sendiri merupakan salah satu konsep desain yang dinamis karena dapat disesuaikan dengan perkembangan zaman. Artinya konsep desain yang instagramable tidak berpatokan pada satu jenis desain saja dan bersifat universal.
Aplicación de medidas de magnitud del efecto para prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en residentes.
Authors: Medina. Myriam L. , Medina Marcelo Gabriel 
Published: January 2024

En una reciente evaluación del artículo: Prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en residentes de Pediatría de un hospital aplicando como complementariedad la el análisis estadístico mediante el uso de las medidas de magnitud del efecto (ME), se señaló que la diferencia entre los tres grupos en cuanto a la dimensión despersonalización (DP) fue significativa (nH>.25) y concretamente, sólo los de primer y tercer año (diferencia observada fue diferencia crítica).