bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel semi-supervised approach for semantic segmentation of aerial remote sensing images under limited ground-truth availability
Authors: Chakravorty Anisha , Chakraborty Shounak 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Conventional semantic segmentation techniques rely heavily on the availability of substantial ground-truth data. However, this prerequisite often proves infeasible in real-world scenarios, particularly when confronted with the labeling complexities inherent in remote sensing images. In this manuscript, a semi-supervised approach has been investigated towards semantic segmentation of remotely sensed images, especially to address the challenge of limited access to ground-truth information. To cover up for the lack of manually collected ground-truth, the unannotated pool of images has been explored to obtain a re-engineered training set. For this purpose, a hybrid integration of a standard semantic segmentation model and an adversarial model has been proposed under semi-supervised setting. The former predict the masks for the unlabelled images when fine-tuned with the available labelled training images (however limited they may be); whereas the latter aids the reconstruction of original input images from the predicted soft(masks) through an adversarial mechanism. This reconstruction, further validated through a reconstruction score, assist in the identification of ‘most-confident’ image-mask pairs to be strategically integrated into the training set. The contribution ultimately is to utilise the unannotated images to meaningfully augment the limited training set. The semantic segmentation model, retrained with the enhanced training set outperforms the state-of-the-art semantic segmen-tation approaches in generating masks for new and unseen images under scarcity of ground-truth annotated images.
The New Laplace Transform: Closed-form Solutions and Applications in Gas Dynamics
Authors: Alharthi N S , Tolba Reda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper presents an investigation into finding the closed-form solution for a physical system in gas dynamics (GD), which is described by a set of partial differential equations (PDEs). The methodology employed involves utilising Laplace transforms to convert these complex equations into simpler ordinary differential equations (ODEs). In this study, we introduce the incorporation of first-order and second-order Bessel functions within Laplace transforms. Through our approach, we demonstrate that this method accurately solves ODEs and provides insights into various physical and engineering phenomena. The results obtained provide compelling evidence that Laplace transforms offer an effective way to obtain accurate solutions to ODEs, thereby enhancing our understanding of mathematical principles underlying diverse physical systems. Furthermore, these novel transformations hold promise for applications in engineering mathematics and mathematical physics computer programs. Specifically , this study highlights their potential relevance in investigating electron and ion movement within space plasma environments such as Titan-one of Sat-urn’s moons-as well as explaining electron escape from its atmosphere. These findings contribute valuable knowledge towards advancing our comprehension of gas dynamics phenomena while paving the way for future developments in computational modelling.
Fraud Detection in Fintech Leveraging Machine Learning and Behavioral Analytics
Authors: Josyula Hari Prasad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Fraud detection in the fintech sector is a critical area of concern as financial transactions increasingly shift to digital platforms. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of enhancing fraud detection in fintech by combining machine learning techniques, leveraging behavioral analytics, and adopting RegTech solutions. The objective is to develop a holistic approach that strengthens fraud prevention strategies, ensures regulatory compliance, and safeguards the interests of customers and financial institutions. The paper begins with an introduction that sets the context by highlighting the growing importance of fraud detection in the digital financial landscape. It outlines the research objectives, scope, and structure of the paper. Subsequently, the methodology section details the data collection process, the selection and comparative analysis of machine learning models, the integration of behavioral analytics, and the implementation of RegTech solutions. The paper concludes with a summary of findings and contributions, emphasizing the significance of adopting a holistic approach to fraud detection in the fintech industry. It underscores the need for financial institutions to embrace advanced technologies, comply with data privacy regulations, and collaborate within the industry to combat financial crimes effectively.
Listy Kolegium Kościelnego Wyznania Ewangelicko-Augsburskiego do architekta Chrystiana Piotra Aignera (1756-1841) w związku z nieznanym projektem kaplicy pogrzebowej na cmentarzu luterańskim w Warszawie oraz zestawienie wydatków związanych z budową tejże
Authors: Skrodzka Agnieszka 
Published: November 2023

W Archiwum Głównym Akt Dawnych znajdują się dokumenty dotyczące działalności Kolegium Kościelnego gminy ewangelicko-augsburskiej w Warszawie. Wśród nich ostatnio odnaleziono nieznane źródła, których edycja stanowi przedmiot niniejszej publikacji. Zawierają one informacje na temat zamówienia przez gminę u Chrystiana Piotra Aignera projektu kaplicy pogrzebowej na cmentarzu luterańskim w Warszawie. Dokumenty te stanowią dwa listy skierowane do Aignera, oraz kosztorys. Z dokumentów wiadomo, że do kosztorysu dołączony był pierwotnie także projekt kaplicy, który obecnie zaginął. Zamieszczone w dokumentach informacje stanowią istotny wkład w pełniejsze rozpoznanie dorobku polskiego architekta.
From Plants to Therapies: Exploring the Pharmacology of Coumestrol for Neurological Conditions
Authors: Singla Madhav , Verma Smriti , Thakur Kiran , Goyal Ahsas , Sharma Vishal , Sharma Diksha , Porwal Omji , Subramaniyan Vetriselvan , Behl Tapan , Singh Sachin Kumar , Dua Kamal , Gupta Gaurav , Gupta Saurabh 
Published: November 2023

:
Neurological disorders are possibly the most prevalent and have been identified to occur among individuals with autism beyond chance. These disorders encompass
a diverse range of consequences with neurological causes and have been regarded as a
major threat to public mental health. There is no tried-and-true approach for completely
protecting the nervous system. Therefore, plant-derived compounds have developed significantly nowadays. Coumestrol (CML) is a potent isoflavone phytoestrogen with a protective effect against neurological dysfunction and has been discovered to be structurally
and functionally similar to estrogen. In recent years, more research has been undertaken
on phytoestrogens. This research demonstrates the biological complexity of phytoestrogens, which consist of multiple chemical families and function in various ways. This review aimed to explore recent findings on the most significant pharmacological advantages of CML by emphasising neurological benefits. Numerous CML extraction strategies and their pharmacological effects on various neurological disorders, including PD,
AD, HD, anxiety, and cognitive impairments, were also documented.
Docking of T6361 Analogues as Potential Inhibitors of E.coli MurA
Followed by ADME-Toxicity Study
Authors: Boulhissa Ilham , Boucherit Hanane , Chikhi Abdelouahab , Bensegueni Abderrahmane 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Developing more potent antibacterial agents is one of the most important
tasks of scientists in the health field due to the problem of antibiotic resistance. Among the antibiotic
targets, we mention MurA (UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine Enolpyruvyl Transferase), which is a key
enzyme of peptidoglycan biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

Objective::
Our objective was to search for new inhibitors of the bacterial enzyme MurA by docking
the analogues of its inhibitor T6361, a derivative of 5-sulfonoxy-anthranilic acid.

Methods::
990 analogues of T6361 were docked in the first binding site of E.coli MurA (open form)
using the FlexX program, and the ADME-Toxicity profile of the best ones was evaluated by SwissADME
and PreADMET web servers.

Results::
Docking results revealed two T6361 analogues to provide better energy scores than T6361,
and have similar interactions with the binding site of E.coliMurA namely,3-{[2-(piperidine-1-carbonyl)
phenyl]sulfamoyl}benzoic acid and 3-{[2-(pyrrolidine-1 carbonyl)phenyl]sulfamoyl}benzoic
acid. Moreover, the two molecules were found to possess good pharmacokinetics and low toxicity.

Conclusion::
We propose two analogues of T6361 as new potential inhibitors of MurA enzyme. Their
good ADME-Toxicity profile qualifies them to reach in vitro and in vivo assays as future lead molecules.
Panniculitis: A Cardinal Sign of Autoinflammation
Authors: Borges Tiago , Silva Sérgio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Panniculitis was first described in the nineteenth century and is characterized by inflammation
of the subcutaneous fat. It may be categorized in septal or lobular subtypes, but other histopathological
features (e.g., presence of vasculitis, nature of inflammatory infiltrates, characteristics
of fat necrosis) are also important for diagnostic purposes. Clinically, panniculitis is characterized
by the presence of subcutaneous nodules, and both ulcerative and nonulcerative clinical subtypes
have been proposed. In this review, we aimed to describe the occurrence of panniculitis in
autoinflammatory disorders (AIDs) and related diseases.

:
Among monogenic AIDs, panniculitis is common in IFN-mediated disorders. Panniculitis is a distinctive
feature in proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndromes (PRAAS), including chronic
atypical neutrophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperature (CANDLE) syndrome
and Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome. On the other hand, erythema nodosum corresponds to
the most common clinical form of panniculitis and is common in polygenic AIDs, such as Behçet’s
syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and sarcoidosis. Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis,
lipoatrophic panniculitis of children, and otulipenia are rare disorders that may also present
with inflammation of the subcutaneous fat. Therefore, panniculitis can identify a specific subgroup
of patients with AIDs and may potentially be regarded as a cardinal sign of autoinflammation.
Differences in the Fat Attenuation Index Ratio of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue
And Aortic Root Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Various Plaques
Authors: Ying Weifeng , Chen Qiong , Cao Jun , Zhang Ying , Pan Xin , Ye Fei , Hao Daguang , Liu Huili , Tao Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2023

Background::
The fat attenuation index (FAI) of pericoronary adipose tissue is associated with coronary inflammatory reactions.

Objective::
volume (AO-EATV) using computed tomography (CT) in various plaques.

Method::
In total, 645 coronary artery CT angiogram images from 215 patients were collected. The types and number of coronary plaques were recorded,
and the plaque volume and pericoronary FAI of each branch were compared between the groups. The ratio of the FAI in branches with or without
plaques to the AO-EATV was determined and statistically analyzed between the groups.

Results::
No significant difference in the plaque volume among the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA)
(P > 0.05) as well as in the FAI was observed among various plaque groups (P > 0.05). FAI[LAD]/AO-EATV was in the following order:
noncalcified plaques (0.70 ± 0.06) < mixed plaques (0.72 ± 0.06) < calcified plaques (0.73 ± 0.08) < no plaques (0.74 ± 0.07); FAI[LCX]/AOEATV
was in the following order: noncalcified plaques (0.71 ± 0.06) < mixed plaques (0.72 ± 0.08) < calcified plaques (0.73 ± 0.09) < no plaques
(0.74 ± 0.06); and FAI[RCA]/AO-EATV was in the following order: noncalcified plaques (0.71 ± 0.06) < mixed plaques (0.73 ± 0.07) < calcified
plaques (0.74 ± 0.07) < no plaques (0.75 ± 0.09); the differences were statistically significant in each group (P = 0.041, 0.043, and 0.028,
respectively).

Conclusion::
Compared to simply comparing FAI, FAI/AO-EATV varied in the coronary arteries in various plaque groups. FAI/AO-EATV was lower in
noncalcified or mixed plaques and was associated with coronary inflammatory reactions.
Role of Fecal Calprotectin in Patients Presenting to the Emergency
Department with Abdominal Pain with or without Diarrhea or Rectal
Bleeding
Authors: Saviano Angela , Petruzziello Carmine , Zanza Christian , Candelli Marcello , Gabrielli Maurizio , Migneco Alessio , Franceschi Francesco , Ojetti Veronica 
Published: November 2023

Background and Objective:
Abdominal pain is a frequent reason for admission to the
Emergency Department. It may be a symptom of an underlying "organic" disease or a
"functional" manifestation without an underlying anatomic or physiologic alteration. The
evaluation of patients with abdominal pain is a challenge for the emergency physician and the
selection of patients for second-level radiological examinations or endoscopic procedures is not
always easy to perform. Faecal calprotectin could be a useful diagnostic marker to distinguish
between "organic" or "functional" form and its determination could be helpful to select patients
for further examinations in the context of an emergency setting.

Materials and Methods:
This is an observational and retrospective study on 146 patients with
abdominal pain and/or diarrhea (with or without rectal bleeding) admitted to the Emergency
Department of Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, who collected a
fecal sample to evaluate fecal calprotectin. We evaluated and correlated the level of fecal
calprotectin with the final diagnosis they received. Results: 50/146 patients (34,24%) received a
diagnosis of acute diverticulitis, in particular, 14/50 (28%) were complicated and 36/50 (72%)
were uncomplicated; 4/146 (2,7%) were cholangitis, 32/146 (21,9%) were colitis, 6/146 (4,1%)
gastritis, 42/146 (28,7%), Irritable bowel syndrome and 12/146 (8,2%) Inflammatory bowel
disease. For the differential diagnosis between Irriable or inflammatory bowel diseses, our study
showed a VPP and a VPN of 100% meanwhile for the differential diagnosis between Acute
complicated and uncomplicated diverticulitis, our study showed a VPP of 40% and a VPN of
84%.

Conclusion:
In the emergency setting, faecal calprotectin could be a helpful marker to select
patients with abdominal pain who need second-level radiological examinations or endoscopic
procedures, guiding the emergency physician in the evaluation of such a complex and wideranging symptom.
Automated Patient Activity Identification in Cyber-physical Systems Using
A Unique Deep Learning Approach and Multi-objective Optimization
Authors: Bhagwatrao Gaikwad Rama , Lakshmanan Ramanathan 
Published: November 2023

Aims and Background:
For video understanding and analysis, human activity recognition
(HAR) has emerged as a challenging field to investigate and implement. Patients can be monitored in
real-time by a group of healthy individuals, and abnormal behaviors can be used to identify them later.
Patients who do not engage in customary physical activities are more likely to suffer from stress,
cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and musculoskeletal disorders. Thus, it is critical to collect, evaluate,
and analyze data to determine their activities.

Objectives and Methodology:
Deep learning-based convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be
used to solve the problem of patient activities in the healthcare system by identifying the most efficient
healthcare providers. Healthcare relies heavily on the integration of medical devices into cyberphysical
systems (CPS). Hospitals are progressively employing these technologies to maintain a high
standard of patient care. The CNN-CPS technique can be used by a healthcare organization to examine
a patient's medical history, symptoms, and tests to provide personalized care. A network of medical
devices must be integrated into healthcare. Hospitals are increasingly using these technologies to
ensure that patients get the best possible care at all times. Healthcare automation can dramatically
improve quality and consistency by reducing human errors and fatigue. The multiobjective optimization
is achieved considering various factors like the time required to find emergency case identification,
new disease prediction, and accuracy of data protection.

Results:
Consequently, patients are assured of receiving a consistent, attentive service at every visit.
Data and orders can be stored and entered more easily via automation, market research suggests. The
outcome of this article is obtained based on a comparison of various approaches in health monitoring
systems, such as collection of patient data is 82.3%, new disease prediction is 80.14%, emergency
case identification is 78.25%, data protection is 81.35%, immune to impersonation attack reduction is
78.36% and overall accuracy of data protection and transmission performance is 86.24% is achieved.

Conclusion:
Compared with existing methods DM-CC and HE-WSN for health monitoring and patient’s
treatment process, the proposed method CNN-CPS is better in maintaining the data and proper
information passed to the medical care is 92.56%.
Polyherbal Syrup for Coronavirus Infection: Formulation and Evaluation
Authors: Kotta Kranthi Kumar , Kadiri Sunil Kumar , Gouru Sampath Ayyappa 
Published: November 2023

Background:
SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Wuhan in December 2019, and after that, it
spread quickly around the world. The virus could spread to millions of individuals since there were
no particular treatments or preventative measures. The COVID-19 infection is often treated with
current drugs such as Remdesivir, steroids, tocilizumab, favipiravir, and ivermectin. However, the
immunosuppressive effects of these medicines might worsen COVID-19 symptoms and put the lives
of immunocompromised individuals in peril. Thus, it is important to sustain a robust immune system
when undergoing therapy for COVID-19. Herbal treatment has the potential to accomplish this objective.

Objective:
The current investigation involves the preparation of polyherbal syrup containing various
medicinal plants such as ephedra, diascorea, ginger, echinacea, garlic, rhubarb, and glycyrrhiza for
the effective control of the COVID-19 infection.

Methods:
All varieties of the individual plant powders (200 g) were treated to a 7 day maceration in
aqueous ethanol (70:30) in a percolator at room temperature with intermittent vigorous shaking at
room temperature and storage of the extract in a dark room. The mixture was run through a muslin
cloth and then a Whatman qualitative grade 1 filter paper to produce the filtrate. The filtrate was
evaporated to a thick paste-like consistency at 370 °C under decreased pressure in a rota evaporator
connected to a vacuum pump. After that, each individual extract was collected and kept in airtight
jars at 4°C. According to the Indian Pharmacopoeia, simple syrup (66.67% w/v) of polyherbal extract
was prepared. The oral administration of polyherbal syrup was carried out at varied doses of 0.5
ml, 1 ml, and 1.5 ml to infected golden Syrian hamsters from the 7th day for one week after infection
reached its peak.

Results:
When compared to the infection control group, the results revealed that the viral load was
significantly reduced by 79.1% when treated with polyherbal syrup. A histological examination of
the infected hamster lung on days 7, 10, and 13 demonstrated that polyherbal syrup significantly
decreased viral load in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion:
It is inferred that the polyherbal syrup formulation demonstrates efficacy in the prevention
of COVID-19 infection during its first stages and may serve as a potential contender for SARSCoV-
2 due to its immunomodulatory properties.
An Augmented Reality Serious Game for Children’s Optical Science Education: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Bo , Wan Xinyue , Li Xiaofang , Zhu Dian , Liu Zhao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Knowledge construction in the context of children’s science education is an important part of fostering the development of early scientific literacy. Nevertheless, children sometimes struggle to comprehend scientific knowledge due to the presence of abstract notions.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of augmented reality (AR) games as a teaching tool for enhancing children’s understanding of optical science education.

Methods
A total of 36 healthy Chinese children aged 6-8 years were included in this study. The children were randomly divided into an intervention group (n=18, 50%) and a control group (n=18, 50%). The intervention group received 20 minutes of AR science education using 3 game-based learning modules, whereas the control group was asked to learn the same knowledge for 20 minutes with a non-AR science learning app. Predict observe explain tests for 3 topics (animal vision, light transmission, and color-light mixing) were conducted for all participants before and after the experiment. Additionally, the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, which measures levels of interest-enjoyment, perceived competence, effort-importance, and tension-pressure, was conducted for children after the experiment.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference in light transmission (z=−2.696; P=.008), color-light mixing (z=−2.508; P=.01), and total predict observe explain test scores (z=2.458; P=.01) between the 2 groups. There were also variations between the groups in terms of levels of interest-enjoyment (z=−2.440; P=.02) and perceived competence (z=−2.170; P=.03) as measured by the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory.

Conclusions
The randomized controlled trial confirmed that the AR-based science education game we designed can correct children’s misconceptions about science and enhance the effectiveness of science education.
NOTAS SOBRE LA FORMACIÓN LEGAL DE PREGRADO EN ESCUELAS DE NEGOCIOS
Authors: Marmolejo González Críspulo 
Published: November 2023

La sofisticación de los mercados, las reformas de infraestructura institucional y los cambios regulatorios de los últimos veinte años, han generado en Chile un incremento en la complejidad del cumplimiento normativo para personas naturales y empresas. La configuración de este escenario, fruto de la incorporación de Chile a la OCDE, pero también de episodios infraccionales, impone le necesidad de una mejor formación legal para agentes de mercado que, por una parte, deseen emprender, y por otra, para quienes ejerzan funciones de administración al interior de una compañía.
Desde esta perspectiva, resulta necesario explorar la inclusión de cursos de educación jurídica en los planes de estudios de las carreras referidas al ámbito de economía o administración de negocios y delinear las proyecciones que implica esa formación legal para estudiantes de pregrado en dichas unidades académicas.