bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response surface methodology for low-energy consumption electro-Fenton process for xanthene dye electrochemical degradation
Authors: Kacem Sabrine Ben , Clematis Davide , Elaoud Sourour Chaâbane , Panizza Marco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractErythrosine B (EB) is a dye widely used in the food and textile industries. Despite many studies that have been proposed in the literature about the electrochemical oxidation of dyes, few studies considered such recalcitrant xanthene compound, although it has been recognized as a threat to health and the environment. Then, this study investigates the oxidation of EB by a homogeneous electro-Fenton process using iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate as a catalyst, carbon felt cathode, and Ti/RuO2 anode. The treated synthetic wastewater contains 100 mg L−1 of EB and has a pH = 3. The effects of three independent variables have been considered for process optimization, such as applied current intensity (0.1–0.5 A), iron concentration (1–10 mM), and stirring rate (100–1000 rpm). Their interactions were investigated considering response surface methodology (RSM) based on Doehlert design as optimization method. EB removal efficiency and energy consumption were considered as model responses after 30 min of electrolysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the quadratic model was adequately fitted to the experimental data with R2 (0.9819), adj-R2 (0.9276), and low Fisher probability (< 0.0181) for the EB removal model, and R2 (0.9968), adj-R2 (0.9872) and low Fisher probability (< 0.0014) relative to the energy consumption model, suggesting a robust statistical significance. The energy consumption model significantly depends on current density, as expected. The foregoing results obtained by RSM led to the following optimal conditions for EB degradation: current intensity of 0.2 A, iron concentration of 9.397 mM, and stirring rate of 500 rpm, which gave a maximum decolorization rate of 98.15% with a minimum energy consumption of 0.74 kWh m−3 after 30 min of electrolysis. The competitiveness of the electro-Fenton process has been confirmed by the literature analysis proposed as well as by the preliminary economic analysis proposed in the second section of the study.
Graphical abstract
Habitat associations of day-flying Lepidoptera and their foodplants within nature reserves in Bedfordshire, UK
Authors: Ashe-Jepson Esme , Anderson Juliet , Hitchcock Gwen E. , Wallis Sky , Wingader Keira , Bladon Andrew J. , Turner Edgar C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Species often associate with specific habitat characteristics, resulting in patchy distributions, whereby they only occupy a proportion of available habitat. Understanding which characteristics species require is a valuable tool for informing conservation management. We investigated the associations of eleven species of day-flying Lepidoptera larvae and their foodplants with habitat characteristics within calcareous grassland reserves in Bedfordshire, UK, across two scales relevant to land managers and target species: the reserve (cardinal aspect, vegetation type) and foodplant patch scale (foodplant height and density). We investigated whether ecological traits (habitat specialism, as defined at a national-scale, and overwintering life stage) influenced the strength of associations. At the reserve scale, we found variation in associations with habitat characteristics across species, with species that overwinter at non-adult life stages having more restricted associations, indicating that they may be more vulnerable to environmental change. Associations were generally stronger with vegetation type than aspect, which can be manipulated more easily by land managers. Seven species had similar associations with habitat characteristics to their foodplants, implying that management to benefit foodplants will also benefit larvae. However, the remaining four species had different associations to their foodplants, and may require alternative management approaches. At the foodplant patch scale, four species were associated with foodplant characteristics, which could be used to inform effective fine-scale management.

Implications for insect conservation
Implications for insect conservation: Diverse habitat associations imply that topographic and vegetation variation are valuable for supporting diverse assemblages of butterflies and their foodplants.
Frequency-dependent physical parameters, the voltage-dependent profile of surface traps, and their lifetime of Au/(ZnCdS-GO:PVP)/n-Si structures by using the conductance method
Authors: Güçlü Ç. Ş. , Tanrıkulu E. Erbilen , Ulusoy M. , Kalandargh Y. Azizian , Altındal Ş. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, frequency-dependent physical parameters, voltage-dependent of surface traps/states, and their lifetime of the Au/(ZnCdS-GO:PVP)/n-Si (MPS) type structures were investigated by using conductance measurements (Y = 1/Z = G + jωC) both in wide range frequency (3 kHz-3 MHz) and voltage (from − 4.00 V to 1.50 V). Firstly, basic physical parameters such as density of doping donor atoms (ND), diffusion potential (VD), Fermi-energy (EF), barrier height ΦB(C-V), depletion-layer thickness (WD), and maximum electric field (Em) were calculated from these measurements for each frequency. These values were found as 1.69 × 1016 cm−3, 0.444 eV, 0.193 eV, 0.606 eV, 1.31 × 10−5 cm, 7.66 × 104 V/cm for 10 kHz, and 1.42 × 1016 cm−3, 0.461 eV, 0.198 eV, 0.628 eV, 1.46 × 10−5 cm, 7.80 × 104 V/cm for 3 MHz, respectively. While ND decreases with increasing frequency, the other parameters increase. The density of surface states (Nss) and their lifetimes (τ) were also obtained from conductance techniques. While the Nss were changed between 2.78 × 1012 at 0.40 V and 2.61 × 1012 eV-1cm−2 at 1.3 V, and the Nss-V curve shows two distinctive peaks which correspond to 0.5 V (2.87 × 1012 eV−1cm−2) and 1.2 V (2.68 × 1012 eV−1cm−2), respectively. The values of τ were changed between 105 µs (at 0.4 V) and 15.3 µs (at 1.3 V) and decreased with increasing voltage as exponentially. These lower values of Nss were attributed to the used (ZnCdS-GO:PVP) interlayer.
What Does Leadership Do to the Leader? Using a Pattern-Oriented Approach to Investigate the Association between Daily Leadership Profiles and Daily Leader Well-Being
Authors: Poetz Lennart , Volmer Judith 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLeader behavior can vary daily, and leaders face multiple demands and problems in one day. Therefore, studying how leader behaviors interplay on the day-level (i.e., daily leadership profiles) is essential. Building on conservation of resources theory as a meta-theory, we investigated which daily leadership profiles exist and whether profile membership changes across one week. Additionally, we examined whether the leadership profiles are differentially related to leaders' daily well-being (i.e., emotional exhaustion, positive and negative affect), mediated by their daily experienced thriving and time pressure. In a diary study over five workdays (N = 289 leaders), we found three qualitatively different daily leadership profiles: one dominated by passive behaviors (passive), one dominated by transformational and contingent reward behaviors (transformational-rewarding), and one with elevated transformational and all transactional behaviors (comprehensive). The transformational-rewarding and the comprehensive profile showed greater stability across the week than the passive profile. Days in the transformational-rewarding profile were most beneficial for leaders' well-being. In contrast, days in the comprehensive profile seemed to be a double-edged sword for leaders, as indicated by higher experienced thriving and positive affect and simultaneously enhanced experienced time pressure, emotional exhaustion, and negative affect. Taken together, we illuminate the interplay of leadership behaviors on the day-level and the differential associations with leaders' well-being.
Spectroscopy of Oscillation Modes in Homogeneously Precessing Domain of Superfluid $$^3$$He-B
Authors: Zavjalov V. V. , Savin A. , Sergeicheva E. , Hakonen P. J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study the homogeneously precessing domain (HPD) in superfluid $$^3$$

3

He-B in a regular continuous-wave nuclear magnetic resonance (CW NMR) experiment. Using Fourier analysis of CW NMR time traces, we identify several oscillation modes with frequency monotonically increasing with the frequency shift of the HPD. Some of these modes are localized near the cell walls, while others are localized in bulk liquid and can be interpreted as oscillations of $$\vartheta$$
ϑ
-solitons. We also observe chaotic motion of the HPD in a certain range of temperatures and frequency shifts.
Transformer Models in Healthcare: A Survey and Thematic Analysis of Potentials, Shortcomings and Risks
Authors: Denecke Kerstin , May Richard , Rivera-Romero Octavio 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Large Language Models (LLMs) such as General Pretrained Transformer (GPT) and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), which use transformer model architectures, have significantly advanced artificial intelligence and natural language processing. Recognized for their ability to capture associative relationships between words based on shared context, these models are poised to transform healthcare by improving diagnostic accuracy, tailoring treatment plans, and predicting patient outcomes. However, there are multiple risks and potentially unintended consequences associated with their use in healthcare applications. This study, conducted with 28 participants using a qualitative approach, explores the benefits, shortcomings, and risks of using transformer models in healthcare. It analyses responses to seven open-ended questions using a simplified thematic analysis. Our research reveals seven benefits, including improved operational efficiency, optimized processes and refined clinical documentation. Despite these benefits, there are significant concerns about the introduction of bias, auditability issues and privacy risks. Challenges include the need for specialized expertise, the emergence of ethical dilemmas and the potential reduction in the human element of patient care. For the medical profession, risks include the impact on employment, changes in the patient-doctor dynamic, and the need for extensive training in both system operation and data interpretation.
Sympathetic innervation in skeletal muscle and its role at the neuromuscular junction
Authors: Rudolf Rüdiger , Kettelhut Isis C. , Navegantes Luiz Carlos C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNeuromuscular junctions are the synapses between motor neurons and skeletal muscle fibers, which mediate voluntary muscle movement. Since neuromuscular junctions are also tightly associated with the capping function of terminal Schwann cells, these synapses have been classically regarded as tripartite chemical synapses. Although evidences from sympathetic innervation of neuromuscular junctions was described approximately a century ago, the essential presence and functional relevance of sympathetic contribution to the maintenance and modulation of neuromuscular junctions was demonstrated only recently. These findings shed light on the pathophysiology of different clinical conditions and can optimize surgical and clinical treatment modalities for skeletal muscle disorders.
Spatiotemporal heterogeneity in ecosystem service trade-offs and their drivers in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China
Authors: Qiao Jianmin , Deng Longyun , Liu Haimeng , Wang Zheye 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Context
Uncovering the trade-offs among ecosystem services (ESs) is crucial for enhancing overall ES benefits and human well-being, as well as for improving regional landscape sustainability. However, research on whether relationships among ecosystem service (ES) change across spatial and temporal dimensions has been infrequent, particularly at fine scales.

Objectives
Our study aims to investigate the spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the trade-off strength and their influencing factors in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.

Methods
In this study, we analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of four ESs: food provision (FP), soil conservation (SC), carbon sequestration (CS), and water yield (WY) across the years 2000, 2010, and 2020. We utilized root mean square error, automatic linear models and geographically weighted regression to quantify the trade-off strengths among ESs and uncover the primary influences on the spatiotemporal evolution.

Results
The trade-off strengths including FP_SC and CS_SC, were relatively high, particularly in the southwest region, surpassing 0.5. High-value regions for FP_WY and WY_CS were predominantly concentrated in the north, while WY_SC was mainly located in the south. Spatial heterogeneity was apparent in the factors influencing the trade-off strengths of ESs. NDVI positively influenced the degree of FP_WY in the western region but had a negative impact in the central region. Enhancing landscape configuration to reduce ES trade-offs involves diversifying and adding complexity to the landscape shape in the southwestern areas by adjusting landscape richness and shape. Regarding human activities, economic development would gradually encourage the coordination of FP_SC and FP_WY.

Conclusions
Our study suggested that although the trade-offs among ESs may remain constant, the predominant type and intensity of their relationships vary across both space and time. Precipitation and NDVI emerged as the primary factors influencing the strength of ES relationships in this region. This research contributes to balancing the trade-off strengths among ESs and facilitates the pursuit of regional landscape sustainability.
Coexistence in multi-use landscape: linking human activities with functional traits of wild mammals in southern India
Authors: Behera Asit K. , Kumar P. Ramesh , Priya M. Malathi , Zollner Patrick A. , Ramesh Tharmalingam , Kalle Riddhika 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Context
Human presence and land-use activities influence habitat use and activity of species. It is crucial to study the ecological and anthropogenic determinants that drive these relationships.

Objectives
We investigated the effects of land-use change and human presence on the habitat use of seven mammalian species and on their activity patterns.

Methods
We conducted a camera-trapping survey in Ballari district, India. We deployed camera-traps at 1457 sampling grid cells across Protected Areas (PAs), Reserved Forests (RFs), and adjoining fringe mosaic farmlands (FMFLs). We assessed the influence of 19 covariates related to habitat features, landscape-level human presence, climate, and local-level human presence on species habitat use. We examined the diel activity patterns and activity levels of mammals within different land-use types.

Results
Four species exhibited a net negative response to increasing human presence, while three species exhibited positive responses. Respectively, proximity to farmlands, and settlements positively influenced habitat use by Panthera pardus, and Lepus nigricollis,. Increasing direct human presence negatively affected Sus scrofa habitat use. Large body-sized species exhibited higher diurnal activity in PA/RF compared to FMFL while smaller-sized (≤ 2.2 kg) species maintained similar activity patterns across land-use types. Generalist meso-predators exhibited more diurnal activity in RF/FMFL.

Conclusions
Ecological and life history traits were strong predictors of species responses to increasing human presence which favoured smaller and generalist species. These insights into the complex mechanisms through which human activities shape mammal communities are important landscape level perspectives on conservation.
Multi-scale habitat modelling of latrine site selection by sympatric carnivores in an Albany Thicket landscape, South Africa
Authors: Carvalho Filipe , Ziko Bantony A. , Mrubata Zonke , Xhobani Masibulele , Plaatjie Axola , Do Linh San Emmanuel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Context
Understanding how species select resources often requires assessing the environment at different spatial scales. Although the function of latrines in animal communication and social interactions has been studied in several carnivores, latrine site selection remains under-researched.

Objectives
We aimed to describe the characteristics of latrines and determine the environmental factors, operating at different scales, that drive latrine site selection by two sympatric genet species (Genetta genetta and G. tigrina) in an Albany Thicket landscape (South Africa).

Methods
We used a multi-scale modelling framework to investigate latrine site selection by comparing environmental characteristics at used latrines with that of two random points at four different scales. We then adapted a match-control design to derive the probability of latrine site selection.

Results
At the fine scale, genets selected latrine sites located in steeper slopes and boasting a higher availability of favourable micro-structures (e.g., burrows, termite mounds, hollow branches). At the landscape scale, latrines were positively associated with riverine forest corridors where they occurred in clusters. Genets avoided open areas and high terrain ruggedness to place their latrines. The best scale-independent model revealed the higher importance of edge habitats like riverine corridors and, to a lesser extent, dirt roads.

Conclusions
This study outlines the importance of including fine scale variables in multi-scale selection studies, as they may reveal features that are crucial for animal marking behaviour. Overall, our findings highlight the scales at which various factors influence latrine site selection the most. Based on our results, we suggest management practices that maintain animal communication by preserving riverine habitats across landscapes.
The Mediterranean forest in a science museum: engaging children through drawings that come to life in a virtual world
Authors: Vera Lucía , Coma Inmaculada , Pérez Manuel , Riera Jose Vicente , Martínez Bibiana , Gimeno Jesús 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper presents "The Mediterranean Forest," an interactive exhibit designed for the Science Museum of Valencia. The exhibit engages children aged 3–8 by bringing their animal drawings to life in a virtual world. The system allows children to select, paint, scan, and transform drawings into three-dimensional avatars. These virtual animals interact with each other in the environment and with the children in the room. The exhibit is a collaborative space, where users can manipulate the real world, that promotes learning by exploration. The proposed solution integrates various cutting-edge technologies, including a large Virtual Reality projection system with blending techniques, Kinect devices for the interactivity, cheoptics hologram technology for realistic 3D visuals, and AI-driven virtual avatars simulating different behaviors and reacting to the user’s approach. The exhibit was evaluated through a study involving children, with feedback collected using a tailored questionnaire and the results indicated high levels of engagement and enjoyment among the children, with the majority expressing positive experiences. Some questions were not understandable for some children, which should be considered for future formal evaluation. The system's intuitiveness allowed children to navigate and interact with the virtual environment. The exhibit also demonstrates scalability, accommodating large groups of children effectively. Overall, "The Mediterranean Forest" successfully captivates children's attention, fostering creativity and imagination by transforming their drawings into a dynamic virtual world. This study underscores the benefits of using interactive technologies in museum settings to enhance children's learning experiences, encouraging further advancements in this field.
Moving Object Detection Method Based on the Fusion of Online Moving Window Robust Principal Component Analysis and Frame Difference Method
Authors: Zhang Q. L. , Li S. L. , Duan J. G. , Qin J. Y. , Zhou Y. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe accuracy of moving object detection has a great impact on the accuracy of extracting the shape center coordinates of moving workpieces. The classic inter-frame difference method has "cavity" and "double shadow" issues for workpieces with comparable internal colors. In order to solve this problem, a moving object detection algorithm combining the three-frame difference method and Online Moving Window Robust Principal Component Analysis (OMWRPCA) is proposed. By using the OMWRPCA to extract the background image in the current frame and comparing it to the previous and current frames, the "cavity" and "double shadow" problems are avoided as well as the effects of background pixels. This paper presents a case study of a visual sorting experiment bench in an "intelligent manufacturing production demonstration line". The experiments show that the workpiece shape center coordinates obtained by the improved moving object detection algorithm are closer to the actual value than those obtained by the traditional algorithm, and the F-measure scores are above 0.8, which are more accurate than the other two algorithms. It is compared with the traditional algorithm of the frame difference method and the Online Mixture of Gaussian Matrix Factorization (OMoGMF).
HIFINet: Examination-Diagnosis-Treatment Hierarchical Feedback Interaction Network for Medication Recommendation
Authors: Zheng Hengjie , Liu Yongguo , Yang Shangming , Zhang Yun , Zhu Jiajing , Chen Zhi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMedication combination recommendation is critical in clinic, since accurately predicting therapeutic drug can provide essential decision support to physicians. However, current approaches do not consider the multilevel structure of electronic health record (EHR) data or the hierarchical dependencies between multiple visits, leading to suboptimal recommendations. To address these limitations, we propose a novel hierarchical feedback interaction network (HIFINet) to utilize an examination-diagnosis-treatment hierarchical network for modeling the inherent multilevel structure of EHR data. The feedback long short-term memory network called FeLSTM, which is the basic unit of our hierarchical network, performs hierarchical interactions and leverages change information as feedback to propagate forward among different levels. Additionally, HIFINet contains four modules. First, an embedding module is designed to learn the health information representation of patients. Second, a three-layer time-series learning module is employed to capture temporal dependencies within each sequence. Next, a differential feedback interaction module is developed to capture the difference features between visits. Finally, an attention fusion module is used to learn a comprehensive representation of the patient’s health information and to recommend next multiple treatment medications. HIFINet is compared with state-of-the-art approaches on a real-world dataset. The results indicate that HIFINet outperforms other approaches, offering more accurate recommendations.