bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Realization of low potential barrier in MoS2/rGO heterojunction with enhanced electrical conductivity for thin film thermoelectric applications
Authors: C Archana , Rengarajan Abinaya , J Archana , M Navaneethan , Santhanakrishnan Harish 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials in-plane anisotropy, caused by a low-symmetric lattice structure, has considerably increased their applications, particularly in thermoelectric. MoS2 and MoS2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) thin films were grown on SiO2/Si substrate by atmospheric chemical vapor deposition technique to study the thermoelectric performance. Few layered MoS2 was confirmed by the vibrational analysis and the composition elements are confirmed by the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique. The continuous grains lead to reduced phonon life time in A1g and low activation energy assists to enhance the electrical property. The MoS2/rGO has achieved the highest σ of 22 622 S m−1 at 315 K due to an electron-rich cloud around the electrons in S atoms near the adjacent layer of rGO.
Bifurcation and regularity analysis of the Schrödinger-Poisson equation
Authors: Pucci Patrizia , Wang Linlin , Zhang Binlin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present bifurcation results for (weak) solutions of the Schrödinger-Poisson system in

R

3

, involving subcritical and critical nonlinearities and using the global bifurcation theorem. Furthermore, we establish the existence of unbounded components of (weak) solutions, which bifurcate from trivial solutions and from infinity, respectively. The novelties of the paper lie in the appearance of the indefinite nonlinearity and the critical nonlinear term. Finally, we also analyze the regularity result that guarantees the

L
∞

-bound of the (weak) solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger-Poisson system under consideration.
Automated classification of ulcerative lesions in small intestine using densenet with channel attention and residual dilated blocks
Authors: Guo Xudong , Xu Lei , Liu Zhang , Hao Youguo , Wang Peng , Zhu Huiyun , Du Yiqi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective. Ulceration of the small intestine, which has a high incidence, includes Crohn’s disease (CD), intestinal tuberculosis (ITB), primary small intestinal lymphoma (PSIL), cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis (CMUSE), and non-specific ulcer (NSU). However, the ulceration morphology can easily be misdiagnosed through enteroscopy. Approach. In this study, DRCA-DenseNet169, which is based on DenseNet169, with residual dilated blocks and a channel attention block, is proposed to identify CD, ITB, PSIL, CMUSE, and NSU intelligently. In addition, a novel loss function that incorporates dynamic weights is designed to enhance the precision of imbalanced datasets with limited samples. DRCA-Densenet169 was evaluated using 10883 enteroscopy images, including 5375 ulcer images and 5508 normal images, which were obtained from the Shanghai Changhai Hospital. Main results. DRCA-Densenet169 achieved an overall accuracy of 85.27% ± 0.32%, a weighted-precision of 83.99% ± 2.47%, a weighted-recall of 84.36% ± 0.88% and a weighted-F1-score of 84.07% ± 2.14%. Significance. The results demonstrate that DRCA-Densenet169 has high recognition accuracy and strong robustness in identifying different types of ulcers when obtaining immediate and preliminary diagnoses.
Light curve modeling of the two short period eclipsing binaries ATO J009.3383 + 34.2329 and CRTS J004004.7 + 385531
Authors: Darwish Mohamed S , Abdelkawy Ali G A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study, we present a detailed photometric analysis of two short-period eclipsing binary systems, ATOJ009.3383 + 34.2329 and CRTSJ004004.7 + 385531. The photometric data for our analysis was obtained from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) catalogue at gri filters and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) database. Based on our analysis, we classify both systems as W Uma-type binaries, with A-subtype. To estimate the physical and geometrical parameters of these systems, we employ the PHEOBE code. This results in two totally eclipsing systems with degree of inclination (i) of around 68 and 88 deg, respectively. The ATOJ009.3383 + 34.2329 indicates a low mass ratio (q) binary with q = 0.107, while CRTSJ004004.7 + 385531 exhibits a moderate q value of 0.545. A cool spot on the surface of the secondary star of CRTSJ004004.7 + 385531 with a 30% cooler atmosphere of the surrounding surface is detected. This is explained by magnetic activity on the surface of CRTSJ004004.7 + 385531. Our findings reveal overcontact fill-out factor f with 54 and 52% for ATOJ009.3383 + 34.2329 and CRTSJ004004.7 + 385531, respectively. In addition to the light curve modeling, we calculate new epochs and ephemeris for both binary systems. The absolute parameters for the two systems are estimated. Eventually, the systems’ evolutionary status along ZAMS and TAMS are discussed.
Tackling the inverse problem in ellipsometry: analytic expressions for supported coatings with nonuniform refractive index profiles in the thin film and weak contrast limits
Authors: Toomey Ryan G 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Ellipsometry is a powerful tool for the evaluation of the refractive index profile of a film or coating supported on a solid substrate. A well-acknowledged problem, however, is the inverse problem: Given a set of data, under what conditions can a refractive index profile be determined unambiguously? To this end, a series expansion of the Abeles matrix method has been applied to an arbitrary refractive index profile to determine analytic expressions of the ellipsometric ratio

ρ
.

Two types of expressions are found: The thin film limit in which the film thickness L is much less than the wavelength of the incident light beam (

L
≪
λ

) and the weak contrast limit in which the refractive index of the coating is very near the refractive index of the supporting substrate. In the thin film limit, the first two terms in the series expansion are relatively straight-forward, and they depend on two types of integrals involving the difference between the dielectric profile of the coating and the dielectric constant of the substrate. While higher order terms are possible, they are quite convoluted and do not assist in the inverse problem. In the weak contrast limit, however, the series expansion of

ρ

depends on the moments of the difference between the dielectric profile of the coating and the dielectric constant of the substrate, allowing an analytic expression that applies to coatings that are even much larger than the incident light beam. The expressions associated with both limits are verified through comparison to the numerical evaluation of

ρ

with the Abeles matrix method. The results demonstrate that through judicious selection of the substrate refractive index and incident wavelength, conditions can be created that permit critical insights into the inverse problem for either thin coatings or for coatings that are very near the refractive index of the substrate.
Excited state dynamics of P-H···H-B and P-H···H-Si hydride-hydride interactions and potential dehydrogenation reactions in frustrated lewis pair
Authors: Yang Yonggang , Zhang Xiaohe , Ding Lina , Liu Yang , Guan Tiantian , Liu Yufang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Dihydrogen interactions plays a crucial role in frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) strategy and promotes dehydrogenation reactions due to its low directionality and saturability. This work focuses on the excited-state dynamics of the P-H···H-B and P-H···H-Si intramolecular hydride-hydride interactions in 4-bis(pentafluorophenyl)-borane-5-dimesitylphosphino-9,9-dimethylxanthine (FPB-MP-MX) and 5-dimethylsilyl-9,9-dimethylxanthene-4-yl-diphenylphosphonium cation (MSi-PP-MX), respectively. The interaction between B-H, C-H and π electron of benzene ring are also considered. Upon photoexcitation to the first singlet (S1) state, the P-H···H-B of FPB-MP-MX and the P-H···H-Si of MSi-PP-MX are both strengthened, while B-H···π and C−H···π interaction are all weakened. These changes are induced by the charge transfer from the 9,9-dimethyl-xanthene moiety to the electron-deficient phosphorus cation and mesitylene group, which are demonstrated by the molecule orbital, electron–hole, and charge analysis. In addition, the potential energy curve of FPB-MP-MX scanned the P-H···H-B shows low energy barriers of 20.68 kcal mol−1 in the S0 state, implying the potential dehydrogenation reaction with lower energy of hydrogen product. In contrast to FPB-MP-MX, the potential energy curve of MSi-PP-MX scanned the P-H···H-Si has large energy barrier of 42.66 kcal mol−1 in the S0 state and 32.01 kcal mol−1 in the S1 state, which demonstrates the difficulty of dehydrogenation reaction. This works presents reasonable interpretation on the dynamics changes of dihydrogen bonding and dehydrogenation reaction of frustrated Lewis pairs upon photoexcitation.
Vector dark matter production during inflation and reheating
Authors: Cembranos Jose A.R. , Garay Luis J. , Parra-López Álvaro , Sánchez Velázquez Jose M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Gravitational particle production of spectator fields due to the expansion universe during the inflationary and reheating phases of the early universe is of particular interest in the context of dark matter, since it allows to constrain the properties of the dark candidate by comparing the density of particles produced with the observed dark matter abundance. In such processes, tachyonic instabilities arise as a consequence of the coupling to the curvature, greatly enhancing mode production. In this work, we consider a massive vector field that is coupled to the curvature scalar and the Ricci tensor only, and study its gravitational production through inflation and reheating. We show how the mechanism is more efficient than in the case of a non-minimally coupled scalar field, giving rise to larger abundances. Moreover, we analyze the importance of the coupling to the Ricci tensor, which increases tachyonic instabilities in the system, and constrain the mass of the dark particle and the values of the coupling constants by comparing the corresponding abundance with observations.
An Algorithm to Mitigate Charge Migration Effects in Data from the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph on the James Webb Space Telescope*
Authors: Goudfrooij Paul , Grumm David , Volk Kevin , Bushouse Howard 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present an algorithm that mitigates the effects of charge migration due to the “brighter-fatter effect” (BFE) that occurs for highly illuminated stars in the Teledyne HAWAII-2RG detectors used in the NIRCam, NIRISS, and NIRSpec science instruments aboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The impact of this effect is most significant for photometry and spectrophotometry of bright stars in data for which the point-spread function (PSF) is undersampled, which is the case for several observing modes of the NIRISS instrument. The main impact of BFE to NIRISS data is incorrect count rate determinations for pixels in the central regions of PSFs of bright stars due to jump detections that are caused by charge migration from peak pixels to surrounding pixels. The effect is especially significant for bright compact sources in resampled, distortion-free images produced by the drizzle algorithm: quantitatively, apparent flux losses of >50% can occur in such images due to BFE. We describe the algorithm of the “charge_migration” mitigation step that has been implemented in version 10.0 of the operational JWST calibration pipeline as of 2023 December 5. We illustrate the impact of this step in terms of the resulting improvements of the precision of imaging photometry of point sources. The algorithm renders the effects of BFE on photometry and surface brightness measurements to stay within 1%.
Quantification of active layer depth at multiple scales in Interior Alaska permafrost
Authors: Brodylo David , Douglas Thomas A , Zhang Caiyun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Much of Interior Alaska is underlain by permafrost that has been thawing at an unprecedented rate. Top-down expansion of the seasonally thawed ‘active layer’ and development of thermokarst features are increasing across the landscape. This can be attributed primarily due to a warming climate and disturbances like wildfires which have accelerated summer season permafrost thaw. Quantification of active-layer thickness (ALT) is critical to understanding the response of permafrost terrains to these disturbances. ALT measurements are time consuming, and point based. As a result, there are large uncertainties in ALT estimates at regional/global scales (100 km2 or larger) using field scale (1 m2) measurements as direct inputs for calibrating/validating large scale process-based or statistical/empirical models. Here we developed a framework to link field scale ALT measurements with satellite observations to a regional scale (100 km2) via an intermediary upscaling of field scale ALT to the local scale (1 km2) with fine-resolution airborne hyperspectral and light detection and ranging data, thus leading to a characterization of ALT across space and time at multiple scales. We applied an object-based machine learning ensemble approach to upscale field scale (1 m2) measurements to the local (1 km2) and regional scale (100 km2) and achieved encouraging results across three permafrost experimental sites in Interior Alaska that represent a variety of terrain types. Our study demonstrates that generating local scale data products is an effective approach to bridge the gap with field scale measurements and regional scale estimations as it seeks to reduce upscaling uncertainty.
Half a Century of Controversy: The Neutralist/Selectionist Debate in Molecular Evolution
Authors: Galtier Nicolas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The neutral and nearly neutral theories, introduced more than 50 yr ago, have raised and still raise passionate discussion regarding the forces governing molecular evolution and their relative importance. The debate, initially focused on the amount of within-species polymorphism and constancy of the substitution rate, has spread, matured, and now underlies a wide range of topics and questions. The neutralist/selectionist controversy has structured the field and influences the way molecular evolutionary scientists conceive their research.
Divergent Evolutionary Rates of Primate Brain Regions as Revealed by Genomics and Transcriptomics
Authors: Zhuang Xiao-Lin , Shao Yong , Chen Chun-Yan , Zhou Long , Yao Yong-Gang , Cooper David N , Zhang Guo-Jie , Wang Wen , Wu Dong-Dong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Although the primate brain contains numerous functionally distinct structures that have experienced diverse genetic changes during the course of evolution and development, these changes remain to be explored in detail. Here we utilize two classic metrics from evolutionary biology, the evolutionary rate index (ERI) and the transcriptome age index (TAI), to investigate the evolutionary alterations that have occurred in each area and developmental stage of the primate brain. We observed a higher evolutionary rate for those genes expressed in the non-cortical areas during primate evolution, particularly in human, with the highest rate of evolution being exhibited at brain developmental stages between late infancy and early childhood. Further, the transcriptome age of the non-cortical areas was lower than that of the cerebral cortex, with the youngest age apparent at brain developmental stages between late infancy and early childhood. Our exploration of the evolutionary patterns manifest in each brain area and developmental stage provides important reference points for further research into primate brain evolution.
Nodular fasciitis of the orbit: rapid growth phase post iatrogenic incisional trauma
Authors: McBurney Caroline , Zhang Susan , Morris Sharon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNodular fasciitis (NF) is a benign, reactive, myofibroblastic proliferative solitary lesion that commonly develops in the subcutaneous or superficial fascia. We present a case of a 35-year-old male with a rapidly enlarging upper eyelid mass postiatrogenic incisional trauma. Subsequent en toto excisional biopsy demonstrated NF. Given the rapid clinical course of this patient and the reactive nature of NF, we hypothesize that the initial incisional trauma likely incited an inflammatory response resulting in rapid proliferation and growth of the lesion. NF accounts for &lt;1% of all orbital lesions, and is often a clinically and pathologically difficult diagnosis to make given its propensity to mimic other benign and malignant conditions. Therefore, we recommend that en toto biopsies of orbital lesions in this anatomical area be performed rather than incisional biopsies.
Unexpected pancreatic mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNEN)—reflection on a case report
Authors: Baía Catarina Alexandra Quintas , Sousa Alexandre , Sousa Fernanda , Santos Pedro , Varelas Ana Isabel , Afonso Luís Pedro , Monteiro Joana , Fernandes José Manuel , Santos Lúcio Lara , Abreu de Sousa Joaquim 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The authors present a case involving a 51-year-old male who was diagnosed with a 4-cm mass in the body of the pancreas, initially suspected to be a ductal adenocarcinoma due to an elevated Ca 19.9 during routine analysis. Subsequent imaging studies confirmed a resectable disease without suspicious lymph nodes or distant metastasis, leading to the proposal of surgery. The patient underwent a laparoscopic distal splenopancreatectomy, which was uneventful. The histopathological examination revealed a 3.7-cm pancreatic mixed neuroendocrine neoplasia (MiNEN) with a predominant high-grade ductal adenocarcinoma component and a concurrent high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma, with negative margins. Two lymph node metastases were identified, each representing metastasis of one of the components. The tumor was classified as pT2N1M0. Currently, the patient is undergoing chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX. This case prompts reflection on the optimal treatment strategy for pancreatic MiNEN and raises the question of how the preoperative diagnosis could influence the patient’s outcome.
Pain memory in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis with a meta-regression
Authors: Cuenca-Martínez Ferran , Herranz-Gómez Aida , Varangot-Reille Clovis , Bajcar Elżbieta A. , Adamczyk Wacław M. , Suso-Martí Luis , Bąbel Przemysław 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the accuracy of memory of pain and the variables that may influence it in children with acute, experimental, and chronic pain. We conducted a search in electronic databases from inception to February 11, 2022. Twelve observational studies and 3 randomized controlled studies were included in the study. The main outcome measure was the accuracy of the memory of the pain intensity (experienced/recalled). To compare the outcomes reported by the studies, we calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) over time for the continuous variables. The overall meta-analysis showed a small effect size in favor of an overestimation of experienced pain intensity (SMD = 0.28). Subanalyzing per pain context, there was a small effect size in favor of overestimation in the clinical context (SMD = 0.33), but there was no evidence of any change in the accuracy of memory of pain in the experimental context (SMD = 0.07). The mean age of the participants and the proportion of girls significantly predicted the accuracy of the memory of pain. The period since the experienced pain measurement, the intensity of expected and recalled fear, trait anxiety, and anxiety sensitivity did not significantly predict the accuracy of the memory of pain. Children showed an overestimation in pain memory between the experienced and recalled intensity of acute pain, especially in a clinical context. Furthermore, only gender and age were predictors of the accuracy of pain memory. These results highlight the relevance of pain memory to medical practice and future research.
Evaluation of three common scoring systems in COVID-19 patients: neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), and C-reactive protein (CRP)
Authors: Safarnezhad Tameshkel Fahimeh , Mandehgar-najafabadi Maryam , Ahmadzadeh Mozhgan , Anoushirvani Aliarash , Alibeik Nazanin , Dini Parisa , Perumal Dhayaneethie , Rahimian Neda , Karbalaie Niya Mohammad Hadi 
Published: February 2024

Background:
As SARS-CoV-2 becomes a major global health, the authors aimed to predict the severity of the disease, the length of hospitalization, and the death rate of COVID-19 patients based on The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) criteria, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels to prioritize, and use them for special care facilities.

Methods:
In a retrospective study, 369 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in the ICU from March 2021 to April 2022, were evaluated. In addition to the APACHE II score, several of laboratory factors, such as CRP and NLR, were measured.

Results:
The values of CRP, NLR, and APACHE II scores were significantly higher in hospitalized and intubated patients, as well as those who died 1 month and 3 months after hospital discharge than those in surviving patients. The baseline NLR levels were the strongest factor that adversely affected death in the hospital, death 1 month and 3 months after discharge, and it was able to predict death, significantly.

Conclusion:
CRP, NLR, and APACHE II were all linked to prognostic factors in COVID-19 patients. NLR was a better predictor of disease severity, the need for intubation, and death than the other two scoring tools.
A systematic literature review and narrative synthesis on the use of autologous cartilage in the repair of orbital fractures
Authors: Abukhder Munir , Onions Elizabeth , Flaherty Erin , Tarassoli Sam , Hassan M Ridwanul , Whelan Rhys 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Fractures of the orbit are common injuries within the maxillofacial skeleton, and can often result in restrictions to ocular movement, diplopia, and enophthalmous if herniation of globe content occurs. Various studies have demonstrated the use of autologous cartilage grafts in the reconstruction of orbital fractures.

Methods:
A systematic review protocol was registered with PROSPERO, and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting for Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Comprehensive electronic search strategies of four databases were developed. Studies were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by two independent reviewers.

Results:
Seven thousand one hundred seventy-one articles were identified following a comprehensive literature search. These articles were filtered for relevance and duplication, which reduced the number of articles to 16. A total of 259 patients underwent orbital reconstruction with the use of autologous cartilage. Conchal cartilage was harvested in 148 patients, auricular cartilage in 22 patients, nasoseptal cartilage in 72 patients, and costal cartilage in 17 patients. Thirty, seven, twelve, and four complications were observed in patients where cartilage was harvested from the concha, auricle, nasoseptum and rib, respectively. Most common complications included diplopia (n=23), infra-orbital para/anaesthesia (n=27), and enophthalmos (n=7). No failure of graft or donor site morbidity were observed in the studies.

Conclusion:
Autogenous materials such as cartilage can be used as an alternative for orbital reconstruction. Cartilage was considered by the authors to provide adequate structural support to the orbital contents, and that it was easy to harvest, shape, and position.