bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic hemostasis: Safe treatment for peptic ulcer patients aged 80 years or older?
Authors: YAMAGUCHI YASUHARU , YAMATO TARO , KATSUMI NAOYA , MOROZUMI KATSURO , ABE TAKASHI , ISHIDA HITOSHI , TAKAHASHI SHIN’ICHI 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and Aim: Recently, the number of peptic ulcer patients aged 80 years or older has been increasing. However, little information is available concerning therapeutic endoscopy for these patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding in patients aged 80 years or older.Methods: In this 7‐year study, bleeding peptic ulcer patients were divided into group A (≥80 years old) and group B (<80 years), for which prospective data, endoscopic findings and outcomes of endoscopic treatment were compared.Results: Of the 459 patients who underwent endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding, the 42 patients (average age 84 ± 3 years) in group A had a significantly higher incidence of concomitant disease, lower hemoglobin, transfusional requirement over 800 mL and lower serum albumin than the 417 patients (average age 55 ± 13 years) in group B. Significantly more patients in group A had large gastric ulcers. More patients in group A had ulcers located at the proximal third of the stomach, which is technically difficult to treat endoscopically. Nevertheless, all patients in groups A and B underwent initial hemostasis successfully. The rebleeding rate was not significantly different between group A and B. Neither group had hospital deaths nor complications related to endoscopic procedures.Conclusions: Endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding in patients aged 80 years or older is effective and safe. Increasing age may no longer be a risk factor for rebleeding and hospital death after endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 8p and 11p in the dysplastic nodule and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: KAHNG YOON SEOB , LEE YOUN SOO , KIM BYUNG KEE , PARK WON SANG , LEE JUNG YONG , KANG CHANG SUK 
Published: December 2004

AbstractBackground and Aim: In hepatocarcinogenesis, both de novo and multistep pathways have been suggested, and in the latter a dysplastic nodule is the proposed precancerous lesion. But genetic changes involved in the dysplastic nodule are not well understood. In this study, we tried to determine whether allelic loss of the chromosome 8p and/or 11p could be involved in the development of the dysplastic nodule and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. Platelet‐derived growth factor‐receptor beta‐like tumor suppressor gene (PRLTS) and deletion in liver cancer‐1 tumor suppressor gene are located at 8p21.3‐p22. The hepatitis B virus integration site and WT1 tumor suppressor gene are located at 11p13.Methods: We therefore studied loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of chromosome 8p21.3–p22 and 11p13 in 22 dysplastic nodules and 21 hepatocellular carcinomas. The samples, microdissected from paraffin‐embedded tissues, were examined using a polymerase chain reaction‐based LOH assay using microsatellite markers.Results: Loss of heterozygosity was detected for chromosome 8p21.3–p22 in nine (40.9%) of 22 dysplastic nodules and in eight (42.1%) of 19 hepatocellular carcinomas. D8S261, located adjacent to PRLTS, showed most frequent LOH: 28.6% in dysplastic nodule and 40.0% in hepatocellular carcinoma. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 11p13 was found in three (15.8%) of 19 dysplastic nodules and in six (31.6%) of 19 hepatocellular carcinomas. Loss of heterozygosity of D11S995 and D11S907 was found in 33.3% and 7.1% of dysplastic nodules, and 8.3% and 44.4% of hepatocellular carcinomas, respectively.Conclusion: These results suggest that at least one putative tumor suppressor gene involved in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma may be located on 8p21.3–p22 and 11p13. Particularly, PRLTS might be related to an early genetic event of hepatocarcinogenesis.© 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Electroencephalograph variables, drug concentrations and sedation scores in children emerging from propofol infusion anaesthesia
Authors: Murray Deirdre M. , Thorne Gareth C. , Rigby‐Jones Ann E. , Tonucci Daniella , Grimes Siobhan , Tooley Mark A. , Wolf Andrew R. 
Published: December 2004

SummaryBackground : Inadequate sedation or oversedation are common problems in Paediatric Intensive Care because of wide variations in drug response and the lack of objective tests for sedative depth. We undertook a pilot study to try to identify correlates of propofol drug concentration, electroencephalographic (EEG) variables and observed behaviour during a stepwise reduction in propofol infusion after paediatric cardiac surgery.Methods : This was a prospective pilot study with 10 children (5 months to 8 years) emerging from propofol anaesthesia following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Patients underwent a stepped wake‐up from propofol anaesthesia during which the propofol infusion rate was decreased from 4 mg·kg−1·h−1 in 1 mg·kg−1·h−1 steps at 30 min intervals. EEG variables, propofol blood concentrations and clinical sedation scores (COMFORT scale) were recorded during the stepped wakeup. Analgesia was maintained with a standardized continuous infusion of fentanyl.Results : Mean (sd) whole blood propofol concentrations at arousal varied considerably [973 ng·ml−1 (sd 523 ng·ml−1)]. The summed ratio (SR) of high frequency to low frequency bands correlated with both propofol infusion rate (R2 value = 0.47) and propofol blood concentrations (R2 value = 0.64). The mean SR in deeply sedated patients was significantly different from that in the 5 min prior to wakening (6.84 vs 1.55, P = 0.00002). There was no relationship between COMFORT scores and SR.Conclusions : In this group of patients receiving opioid analgesia and relatively high doses of propofol, sedation scores were unhelpful in predicting arousal. The SR correlated with propofol blood concentrations and clinical arousal and may have potential as a predictive tool for arousal in children.
The relationship between nutrition and children's educational performance: a focus on the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Galal Osman , Hulett Judie 
Published: December 2004

SummaryThe purpose of this paper is to highlight the link between children's nutritional status and their educational achievement. It is argued that education policy makers must consider nutrition as a key factor in the design of educational interventions to improve the participation and academic performance of school‐age children. Historically, analyses aimed at improving accessibility and quality of schooling in countries struggling with educational issues have focused on school‐related factors such as location, the availability of teaching materials, teacher quality, and institutional management. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of households are also frequently cited as important determinants of school participation and school achievement. Surprisingly, except for age and gender, individual characteristics such as health and nutritional status are rarely considered as underlying factors. However, studies have shown that undernourished children have lower attendance, shorter attention span, lower performance scores, and more health‐related problems than their well‐nourished counterparts. Eight hundred million primary school‐age children form a substantial fraction of the world's 2000 population; a number that is growing by about 10 million each year. The resulting pressure on schools implies the need for cost‐effective approaches that support both education and health. The key is the nutrition/learning nexus. Current problems found in both the developing and developed world relevant to the role of nutrition for tangible educational impact, efficient use of resources, and development of health promoting policies, are illustrated using data from the United Arab Emirates as an example. The problems and possible solutions are applicable to many other regions in the world.
Bilateral Ota naevus
Authors: Ruiz‐Villaverde R , Blasco Melguizo J , Buendía Eisman A , Serrano Ortega S 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTWe present the case of a 22‐year‐old woman, who had presented since the age of 15 a pale‐blue spot spread on the right‐hand side of her forehead and in her bulbar conjunctiva (first and second branches of the trigeminus nerve), consistent with Ota naevus. A few years later another with similar characteristics appeared on the other side of her forehead, cheek and sclera. No deafness, neurological defect nor visual loss were detected. We comment on the rarity of this case because the patient is Caucasian and also we explain the main complications derived of this disease and consider the therapeutic options.
Detection of cutaneous herpes simplex virus infections by immunofluorescence vs. PCR
Authors: Bezold G , Lange M , Gethöffer K , Gall H , Peter RU 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTBackground Detection of cutaneous infections with herpes simplex virus (HSV) has proven difficult, as serum antibody tests sometimes are not sensitive and specific enough for that purpose.Objective This study was conducted to compare the sensitivity for detection of HSV of an immunofluorescence method (Syva Microtrak) and an internally controlled PCR.Methods Cutaneous swabs from skin lesions were analysed by immunofluorescence separately for HSV types 1 and 2 and by competitive PCR. Detection of PCR products was done by ELISA, if positive additionally by agarose gel electrophoresis.Results Of 79 samples 34 were PCR‐positive by ELISA (34 = 100%), of which 23 (68%) were also positive on the agarose gel. Eleven samples (32%) were positive by immunofluorescence. No sample was positive by immunofluorescence and negative by PCR.Conclusions These results demonstrate that immunofluorescence using Syva Microtrak is not suitable for exclusion of herpes simplex virus infection as sensitivity was only 32%. However, as immunofluorescence is cheaper and faster than PCR, first screening can be done with immunofluorescence, and negative samples can be investigated by PCR to finally prove or exclude the presence of HSV DNA.
Kaposi's sarcoma – still an enigma
Authors: Babál P , Péč J 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTKaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an unusual neoplasm that has proved to be an enigma in many ways since its original description in 1872. KS, a vascular tumour that is otherwise rare, is at present the most common neoplasm in patients with AIDS. The lesions contain spindle cells that share features with endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells and are in all likelihood primitive mesenchymal cells that can form vascular channels. These cells are monoclonal in origin indicating therefore that KS is a neoplasm. The presence of a novel type of human herpes virus, KS herpesvirus (KSHV) also called human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV8) in KS lesions support a viral ethiology. KS may be mistaken in the skin for an inflammatory or other lesion, thus skin biopsy is important for correct diagnosis, with the use of immunohistochemistry or molecular biology if needed. Radiation or interferon alpha dominate in the therapeutic approaches.
Disseminated bullous eruption with systemic reaction caused by Cimex lectularius
Authors: Liebold K , Schliemann‐Willers S , Wollina U 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTBedbugs seem to have become more common due to international trade and travelling. We report on a 37‐year‐old man who developed a bullous reaction with fever and general malaise due to bites of the common bedbug, Cimex lectularius. Fortunately, bullous and systemic reactions are rare.
Polyamine metabolism during the germination of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores and its relation with host infection
Authors: Gárriz Andrés , Dalmasso María C. , Marina María , Rivas Elisa I. , Ruiz Oscar A. , Pieckenstain Fernando L. 
Published: December 2004

Summary• Polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors were used to study polyamine metabolism during the germination of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ascospores, and to evaluate the potential of polyamine biosynthesis inhibition for the control of ascospore‐borne diseases in plants.• The effects of inhibitors on ascospore germination, free polyamine levels, ornithine decarboxylase activity and development of disease symptoms on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaf discs inoculated with ascospores were determined.• α‐Difluoromethylornithine inhibited ornithine decarboxylase and decreased free spermidine levels, but had no effect on ascospore germination. Both, the spermidine synthase inhibitor cyclohexylamine and the S‐adenosyl‐methionine decarboxylase inhibitor methylglyoxal bis‐[guanyl hydrazone] decreased free spermidine levels, but only the latter inhibited ascospore germination, at concentrations of 5 mm or higher. Lesion development on leaf discs was reduced by cyclohexylamine and methylglyoxal bis‐[guanyl hydrazone], but not by α‐difluoromethylornithine. In the absence of inhibitors, dormant ascospores contained higher polyamine levels than mycelium.• Ascospore germination did not depend on ornithine decarboxylase activity and inhibitors of this enzyme will probably have a limited potential for the control of ascospore–borne plant diseases. On the contrary, spermidine synthase and S‐adenosyl‐methionine decarboxylase could be more suitable targets for fungicidal action. The relative insensitivity of ascospore germination to polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors may be caused by their high polyamine content.
Characterization of microsatellite loci in the marine seaweeds, Fucus serratus and F. evanescens (Heterokontophyta; Fucaceae)
Authors: Coyer J. A. , Veldsink J. H. , Jones K. , Stam W. T. , Olsen J. L. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract Fucus serratus and F. evanescens commonly occur on Northern European shores. Nine microsatellite loci were developed for F. serratus (8–22 alleles, observed heterozygosities = 0.367–0.850) and one for F. evanescens (seven alleles, observed heterozygosity = 0.804). Cross‐amplification was apparent, as five F. serratus loci were polymorphic in F. evanescens and 2–5 were polymorphic in F. vesiculosus, F. distichus, and F. spiralis.
Microsatellites for the greater glider, Petauroides volans
Authors: Taylor Andrea C. , Kraaijeveld Ken , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractAlthough relatively abundant throughout its range in eastern Australia, the greater glider (Petauroides volans) is widely considered to be sensitive to the impacts of forest fragmentation and disturbance. Genetic analysis of meta‐population structure in fragmented landscapes offers much promise in helping to understand the response of the species to such disturbance. To this end, standard size‐selected library construction and screening methods were used to develop 12 greater glider dinucleotide microsatellite primer pairs that reveal substantial genetic diversity in the species. They will be used in a variety of genetic analyses to examine population dynamics in a fragmented forest system.
Polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellite loci in the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Phlebotominae)
Authors: Watts P. C. , Boyland E. , Noyes H. A. , Maingon R. , Kemp S. J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis, an important vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the New World, is believed to be a species complex. In an effort to better understand population dynamics and speciation in this vector we developed a panel of dinucleotide — (CA)n— microsatellite loci using an enrichment technique. Eleven polymorphic loci that produced consistent allelic banding patterns were characterized using a laboratory population of L. longipalpis. These dinucleotide microsatellite loci were more polymorphic than trinucleotide microsatellites characterized in wild‐caught samples of two other sandfly species; the variability of these loci was unexpected because the laboratory flies were believed to be inbred.
Development and polymorphism of simple sequence repeat DNA markers for Kandelia candel (L.) Druce
Authors: Sugaya T. , Takeuchi T. , Yoshimaru H. , Katsuta M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractMicrosatellite markers of Kandelia candel were developed. Forty‐nine clones yielded strong positive signals among 331 clones hybridized to repetitive sequence probes. Primer pairs were designed for 19 of these positive clones according to their sequence data. Five of the primer pairs showed polymorphism for 16 individuals from Amami‐O‐Shima Island, Japan. Three to nine alleles per locus were detected, and the observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.250 to 0.938. Because our previous study reported very low level of genetic diversity for allozymes in the same Amami population, these microsatellite markers should be powerful tools for the analysis of genetic structure.