bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Feature Selection Methods in Estimation of Precipitation Based on Deep Learning Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Sattari Mohammad Taghi , Avram Anca , Apaydin Halit , Matei Oliviu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPrecipitation is the most important element of the water cycle and an indispensable element of water resources management. This paper’s aim is to model the monthly precipitation in 8 precipitation observation stations in the province of Hamadan, Iran. The effects and role of different feature weights pre-processing methods (Weight by deviation, Weight by PCA, Weight by correlation and Weight by Support Vector Machine) on artificial intelligence modeling were investigated. Deep learning method based on a multi-layer feed-forward artificial neural network that is trained with Stochastic Gradient Descent using back-propagation (DL-SGD) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) modelling were applied. The precipitation of each station is modeled using the precipitation values of the other stations. The best result, among all scenarios, at the Vasaj station according to the DL-SGD method (CC = 0.9845, NS = 0.9543 and RMSE = 10.4169 mm) and at the Varayineh station according to the CNN method (CC = 0.9679, NS = 0.9362 and RMSE = 16.0988 mm) were estimated.
Can organizational size moderate the relationship between sustainable-driven financial management and business competitiveness?
Authors: Campos Vanessa , Sanchis Joan R. , Ejarque Ana T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExtant literature has pointed to a positive relationship between sustainable-driven management and business competitiveness and organizational size as a moderating factor in such a relationship. In this vein, the Economy for the Common Good is a sustainability framework based on stakeholders’ management that allows embedding sustainable behavior into business strategy and counts with a version adapted to organizations working at a smaller scale like entrepreneurial ventures and SMEs. Hence, the present study aims to assess the impact of sustainable financial management implemented using the Economy for the Common Good framework on business competitiveness and the possible moderating effects of organizational size on this relationship. To do so, the authors apply hierarchical regression analysis to data gathered from 206 European enterprises that implemented sustainable-driven financial management using the Economy for the Common Good framework. Results confirmed the positive impact of sustainable financial management on business competitiveness. However, organizational age and size resulted in nonsignificant variables. Thus, we conclude that sustainable financial management using the Economy for the Common Good framework is a suitable tool for implementation in entrepreneurial ventures and SMEs.
Correlations between insulin-degrading enzyme and metabolic markers in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and healthy controls: a comparative study
Authors: Kullenberg Helena , Rossen Jenny , Johansson Unn-Britt , Hagströmer Maria , Nyström Thomas , Kumlin Maria , Svedberg Marie M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to explore correlations between insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and markers of metabolic function in a group of patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and metabolically healthy volunteers.

Method
We included 120 individuals (47 with T2DM, 9 with AD, and 64 healthy controls). Serum levels of IDE were measured with commercial kits for ELISA. Differences in IDE levels between groups were analyzed with non-parametric ANCOVA, and correlations were analyzed with Spearman’s rank correlations. We also investigated the influence of age, sex, and the use of insulin on the correlation using a non-parametric version of partial correlation.

Results
Patients diagnosed with T2DM had higher IDE levels than patients diagnosed with AD and healthy controls after adjustment for age and sex. IDE was increasingly associated with body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin resistance, and triglycerides. In stratified analyses, we found a decreasing partial correlation between IDE and HbA1c in patients diagnosed with AD and a decreasing partial correlation between IDE and C-peptide in healthy controls. In patients diagnosed with T2DM, we found no partial correlations.

Conclusion
These results indicate that IDE is essential in metabolic function and might reflect metabolic status, although it is not yet a biomarker that can be utilized in clinical practice. Further research on IDE in human blood may provide crucial insights into the full function of the enzyme.
Sociocultural Context, Reference Scholars and Contradictions in the Origin and Development of Sociology in Italy
Authors: Mangone Emiliana , Picarella Lucia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe beginnings of sociology in Italy correspond more or less to those of the birth of sociology as an autonomous science in France by Durkheim (considered the founding father of the discipline except for the term that, as is well known, was coined by Comte). Its origins, therefore, can be traced back to the second half of the 19th century and its development substantially follows the socio-political development of Italy, which can be substantially divided into three historical phases (the Savoy monarchy between 1861 and 1922; the authoritarian fascist regime with totalitarian characteristics between 1922 and 1943, and the period of the democratic republic from 1946 onwards can be considered as the “rebirth” not only of Italy but also of sociology). This article aims to outline these phases through an in-depth examination of some of the Italian sociologists who, in the different phases (up to our contemporary times), have had greater relevance and influence, even outside the Italian context.
Enhancement of Biogas Production from Vegetable Waste by Application of Mineral Fertilizers
Authors: Borowski Sebastian , Cieciura-Włoch Weronika , Liczbiński Przemysław 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of using mineral fertilizers on biogas production from vegetable waste. A mixture of wastes from a fruit and vegetable processing plant was used in the experiments, together with two commercial fertilizers, Substral and Agrecol. Experiments were conducted in 5-L anaerobic reactors operated semi-continuously at 35 °C. The application of Substral at a dose of 1 g/kg increased the production of methane and hydrogen by 40% and 78%, up to 420 LCH4/kgVS and 34 LH2/kgVS, respectively. In contrast, with Agrecol supplementation, the average yields of methane and hydrogen were 365 LCH4/kgVS and 27.7 LH2/kgVS, respectively. The beneficial effects of supplementation were due to the compositions of the mineral fertilizers, which contained nutrients and metals that stimulate the growth of microorganisms and build the structures of enzymes. The addition of mineral fertilizers changed the microbial communities of the digestates. At a family level, the main bacteria groups reported were Lactobacillaceae, Anaerolineaceae, Clostridiaceae, Synergistaceae, and Bacteroidetes vadin HA17. The predominant methanogens were Methanosarcinaceae and Methanosaetaceae. There was no clear relationship between the supplementation type and dose and the growth of individual microbial groups. However, the addition of mineral fertilizers increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Anaerolineaceae, which are responsible for the hydrolysis and fermentation of polysaccharides into lactic acid, hydrogen, and acetic acid.
Cranial fluctuating asymmetry in Danish populations from the Neolithic to the Early Modern Age
Authors: Olsen Trine Bottos , García-Martínez Daniel , Lynnerup Niels , Jørkov Marie Louise Schjellerup , Villa Chiara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFluctuating asymmetry are random deviations of an otherwise symmetrical body plan and arises from instability in development. Earlier studies suggest that levels of cranial fluctuating asymmetry may be influenced by lifestyle and quality of life in a population. It may, therefore, be useful as a stress indicator. We investigated whether cranial fluctuating asymmetry has changed in archaeological Danish populations over time, and between grave sites from the same time period. Our sample consisted of 219 adult individuals from the Neolithic Age (approx. 3000BC) to the Early Modern Age (approx. 1850). We collected 27 3-dimensional landmarks from the face, calvarium, and base of the cranium. Levels of shape variation were analyzed using Procrustes analysis of variance and principal component analysis. Cemeteries, time periods, and sex were compared using linear mixed models, one-way analysis of variance, and Kruskal-Wallis test. We found no statistically significant differences in cranial FA between grave sites from the same time period, nor did we find any statistically significant difference between time periods. We found that sex did not have an influence on levels of cranial FA. We found no measurable difference in levels of cranial FA between Danish populations over time. Further knowledge on genetics and other stress indicators in our sample may give more insight into the relationship between cranial fluctuating asymmetry and developmental instability.
The use of hand-sanitiser gel facilitates combined morphological and genetic analysis of shelled pteropods
Authors: Choo L. Q. , Spagliardi G. , Peijnenburg K. T. C. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is a lack of standardised imaging methods for marine zooplankton due to the difficulty of manipulating small and often fragile specimens. Yet, standardised 2D photographs and 3D scans provide important morphological information to accompany DNA-barcoded specimens for reference databases such as the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). Shelled pteropods are considered as bio-indicators to study impacts of ocean acidification, and thus, it is especially important to obtain high-quality records of their fragile aragonitic shells. We used alcohol-based hand sanitiser gel as a medium for photographing pteropods of the genus Limacina prior to micro-CT scanning and destructive DNA analysis. The high viscosity and transparency of the hand sanitiser enabled easy handling of the specimens so that they could be positioned in a standardised orientation and photographed with a stacking microscope. The high-quality photographs provide a record of morphology and allow for subsequent geometric morphometric analyses. This method did not impact the downstream micro-CT and molecular analyses of the same specimens and resulted in publicly available 2D and 3D digital vouchers as well as ten reference DNA barcodes (partial Cytochrome Oxidase I gene sequences). While alcohol-based hand sanitiser entered our daily lives due to a distressing pandemic, we could make use of it as a cheap and easily available resource to make high quality voucher photographs of shelled pteropods. Digital vouchers serve as a record of their morphology for further taxonomic analyses and facilitate studies assessing shell growth and impacts of ocean acidification.
Spatial Confounding and Spatial+ for Nonlinear Covariate Effects
Authors: Dupont Emiko , Augustin Nicole H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRegression models for spatially varying data use spatial random effects to reflect spatial correlation structure. Such random effects, however, may interfere with the covariate effect estimates and make them unreliable. This problem, known as spatial confounding, is complex and has only been studied for models with linear covariate effects. However, as illustrated by a forestry example in which we assess the effect of soil, climate, and topography variables on tree health, the covariate effects of interest are in practice often unknown and nonlinear. We consider, for the first time, spatial confounding in spatial models with nonlinear effects implemented in the generalised additive models (GAMs) framework. We show that spatial+, a recently developed method for alleviating confounding in the linear case, can be adapted to this setting. In practice, spatial+ can then be used both as a diagnostic tool for investigating whether covariate effect estimates are affected by spatial confounding and for correcting the estimates for the resulting bias when it is present. Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear online.
Tracking the structure and sentiment of vaccination discussions on Mumsnet
Authors: Silva Miguel E. P. , Skeva Rigina , House Thomas , Jay Caroline 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVaccination is one of the most impactful healthcare interventions in terms of lives saved at a given cost, leading the anti-vaccination movement to be identified as one of the top 10 threats to global health in 2019 by the World Health Organization. This issue increased in importance during the COVID-19 pandemic where, despite good overall adherence to vaccination, specific communities still showed high rates of refusal. Online social media has been identified as a breeding ground for anti-vaccination discussions. In this work, we study how vaccination discussions are conducted in the discussion forum of Mumsnet, a UK-based website aimed at parents. By representing vaccination discussions as networks of social interactions, we can apply techniques from network analysis to characterize these discussions, namely network comparison, a task aimed at quantifying similarities and differences between networks. Using network comparison based on graphlets—small connected network subgraphs—we show how the topological structure of vaccination discussions on Mumsnet differs over time, in particular before and after COVID-19. We also perform sentiment analysis on the content of the discussions and show how the sentiment toward vaccinations changes over time. Our results highlight an association between differences in network structure and changes to sentiment, demonstrating how network comparison can be used as a tool to guide and enhance the conclusions from sentiment analysis.
Usefulness of Drug Allergy Alert Systems: Present and Future
Authors: Quan Paola Leonor , Sánchez-Fernández Sergio , Parrado Gil Lucía , Calvo Alonso Alfonso , Bodero Sánchez José Miguel , Ortega Eslava Ana , Luri Marta , Gastaminza Lasarte Gabriel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The goal of this paper is to review drug allergy alert systems (DAAS), to summarise their key components, and to overview potential benefits and challenges associated with these tools. Methods for validation of their effects on patient safety, alternative uses, and strategies to streamline DAAS’ functions and reduce system fatigue are discussed.

Recent Findings
DAAS are clinical decision support systems (CDSS) that focus on preventing drug adverse events within healthcare settings. The advent of electronic medical records has facilitated the development of digital DAAS. Existing versions use different methods to document diagnosed allergies, and rely on distinct rules and matching strategies for the generation of real-time alerts. DAAS promote the automation of several processes, facilitate prompt patient referral, and may be customised. Information overload, alert overrides by clinicians, and the development of “alert fatigue” may interfere with their usefulness. The newest strategies to streamline the function of DAAS include the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and other predictive techniques.

Summary
The rising prevalence of drug allergies underscores the importance of effective DAAS. Further research is needed to evaluate their usefulness, to optimise their performance, to explore different algorithms and data sources, and to enhance the standardised integration of these systems into clinical practice.
Numerical analysis of water-alternating-CO2 flooding for CO2-EOR and storage projects in residual oil zones
Authors: Liu Boyu , Yao Jun , Sun Tunan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResidual oil zones (ROZs) have high residual oil saturation, which can be produced using CO2 miscible flooding. At the same time, these zones are good candidates for CO2 sequestration. To evaluate the coupled CO2-EOR and storage performance in ROZs for Water-Alternating-CO2 (WAG) flooding, a multi-compositional CO2 miscible model with molecular diffusion was developed. The effects of formation parameters (porosity, permeability, temperature), operation parameters (bottom hole pressure, WAG ratio, pore volume of injected water), and diffusion coefficient on the coupled CO2-EOR and storage were investigated. Five points from the CO2 sequestration curve and the oil recovery factor curve were selected to help better analyze coupled CO2-EOR and storage. The results demonstrate that enhanced performance is observed when formation permeability is higher and a larger volume of water is injected. On the other hand, the performance diminishes with increasing porosity, molecular diffusion of gas, and the WAG ratio. When the temperature is around 100 °C, coupled CO2-EOR and storage performance is the worst. To achieve optimal miscible flooding, it is recommended to maintain the bottom hole pressure (BHP) of the injection well above 1.2 minimum miscibility pressure (MMP), while ensuring that the BHP of the production well remains sufficiently high. Furthermore, the tapered WAG flooding strategy proves to be profitable for enhanced oil recovery, as compared to a WAG ratio of 0.5:1, although it may not be as effective for CO2 sequestration.
Resource-Efficient Manufacturing Technology for Titanium Aluminide Aerospace Components
Authors: Bünck Matthias , Salber Roland , Stoyanov Todor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTitanium aluminide (TiAl) has been identified as a key material for achieving significant emission reductions in aircraft jet engines due to its high-temperature properties combined with its very low weight compared with conventional nickel-based alloys. Well-known engine manufacturers, therefore, introduced TiAl low-pressure turbine blades in their engines. To enter the market, all manufacturers initially relied on enormous machining allowances for safety reasons, thus accepting a poor buy-to-fly ratio: MTU Aero Engines AG used the casting/forging route with the alloy TNM [Ti–43.5Al–4Nb–1Mo–0.1B (at.-%)] for the highly stressed GTF (geared turbofan), Safran used machining of the alloy GE48-2-2 (Ti–33Al–2.6Cr–4.8Nb (wt.-%)) from the solid, and GE (General Electric) used ‘massive-overstock’ investment casting and 3D printing of GE48-2-2. More cost-effective and material-efficient processes are needed for titanium aluminide to establish itself sustainably in new aerospace applications in the long term. Access has, therefore, developed an economical TiAl investment casting process to industrial maturity, realizing a minimum machining allowance of 0.7 mm in a process-safe manner. In a study, it was evaluated that carbide cutters with AlTiN coating are excellently suited for machining TiAl. Extensive studies of the economic viability of TiAl investment casting have shown that it is competitive.
The first distributed-mass high-performance programmable optoelectromechanical steerable motion-wave sensors focused on sophisticated biomedical applications
Authors: Hussein Ali Abdulsattar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces the first high-performance distributed-mass acoustic sensor made of cascaded differential phase shift suspended slot waveguide sections in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer optical transducer circuit. The heavyweight seismic mass used in traditional optoelectromechanical sensors is replaced by an fg lightweight coupling arm yielding an extra compact fast responding structure enabling utilizing over $$64$$

64

cascaded sections and resulting in enhancing the performance by hundreds of times. The transducer operation relies on converting the acoustic vibration into phase modulation of the light for a splendid performance. The novel sensor architecture challenges achieving optical sensitivities higher than $$33\times {10}^{3} \%/\mathrm{g}$$

33
×

10

3

%
/
g

(33 times supersensitive), operating at ultrasonic acoustic speeds higher than 27 MHz, and recognizing resolutions in the 1 ng order. The programmable sensor is voltage-controlled supporting the operation in multimodes. Four operation modes are elucidated including the natural aspiration force, turbo electrostatic force open-loop voltage control, zero-force closed-loop voltage control, and dynamic turbo-force closed-loop voltage control. Wide dynamic ranges for controlling the optical sensitivity and maximum measurable acceleration up to 115.5 dB are reported. Steering capabilities of the acoustic beam in the azimuth plane are demonstrated utilizing two-spoke and three-spoke directional architectures supporting $$116.64^\circ$$

116
.

64
∘

and $$360^\circ$$

360
∘

of respective steering angles. Potential acoustic biosignal-based applications in the medical field are outlined.
Sub-inhibitory concentrations of ceftriaxone induce morphological alterations and PIA-independent biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Azzam Ahmed , Shawky Riham M. , El-Mahdy Taghrid S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe exposure of bacteria to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics is of biological significance since it can occur in vivo under many circumstances, including low-dose treatment, poor adherence to a regimen, poor drug penetration, drug-drug interactions, and antibiotic resistance of the pathogen. In this study, we investigated the effects of subinhibitory concentrations of four antibiotics: ampicillin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, and norfloxacin, which are commonly used in clinical settings and on cell morphology and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus as one of the leading causes of nosocomial and biofilm-associated infections. Nine clinical S. aureus biofilm-producing isolates and two known biofilm-producing reference strains, S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus ATCC 6538, were used in this study. Sub-MICs of beta-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin and ceftriaxone) significantly induced biofilm formation in S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus ATCC 6538 and in six clinical isolates out of the nine selected isolates when compared with the antibiotic-free control group (P < 0.05), with an approximately 2- to 2.5-fold increase. Gentamicin and norfloxacin induced biofilms in S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus ATCC 6538, while gentamicin and norfloxacin induced biofilms only in three and two of the nine tested isolates, respectively (P < 0.05). The chemical nature of the biofilm matrix produced by half the MIC of ceftriaxone in the six isolates that showed increased biofilm was all non-polysaccharide in composition (PIA-independent). Gene expression of biofilm-encoding genes atl and sarA in biofilms of the two tested strains (S. aureus ATCC 6538) and clinical strain (S. aureus 16) showed a significant upregulation after exposure to half MIC of ceftriaxone. Additionally, the bacterial cell morphological changes in planktonic cells caused by half MIC of ceftriaxone were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, which demonstrated a significant cell enlargement when compared with the antibiotic-free control (P < 0.05), and some deformed cells were also noticed. In S. aureus clinical isolates, sub-MICs of ampicillin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, and norfloxacin may stimulate substantial production of biofilm, which could have important clinical significance and make infection treatment challenges. Further, in vivo research is needed to fully comprehend how sub-MIC of antibiotics can affect biofilm formation in clinical settings. Additionally, more research is required to reveal the clinical implications of the morphological alterations in S. aureus brought on by exposure to ceftriaxone at concentrations below its MIC.
Graphical Abstract