bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stumbling blocks on the path to measles-free Nepal: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Thakur Chandan Kumar , Gupta Nitin , Pokhrel Nayanum , Adhikari Samita , Dhimal Meghnath , Gyanwali Pradip 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMeasles poses a significant global health threat, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the efficacy of two vaccine doses, under-5 mortality rates persist, with over 61 million delayed measles vaccinations worldwide. Nepal, striving to eliminate measles by 2023, faces a resurgence, attributing 1013 cases to inadequate vaccination and healthcare accessibility issues. Compounded by disruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic, the outbreak highlights the urgent need for vaccination promotion, improved healthcare access, and misinformation mitigation. This situation underscores the critical role of global collaboration and healthcare infrastructure investment to safeguard children's lives in Nepal and similar vulnerable regions.
Human influence on late Holocene fire history in a mixed-conifer forest, Sierra National Forest, California
Authors: Klimaszewski-Patterson Anna , Dingemans Theodore , Morgan Christopher T. , Mensing Scott A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding pre-1850s fire history and its effect on forest structure can provide insights useful for fire managers in developing plans to moderate fire hazards in the face of forecasted climate change. While climate clearly plays a substantial role in California wildfires, traditional use of fire by Indigenous people also affected fire history and forest structure in the Sierra Nevada. Disentangling the effects of human versus climatically-induced fire on Sierran forests from paleoecological records has historically proved challenging, but here we use pollen-based forest structure reconstructions and comparative paleoclimatic-vegetation response modeling to identify periods of human impact over the last 1300 years at Markwood Meadow, Sierra National Forest.

Results
We find strong evidence for anthropogenic fires at Markwood Meadow ca. 1550 – 1750 C.E., contemporaneous with archaeological evidence for fundamental shifts in Indigenous lifeways. When we compare our findings to five other paleoecological sites in the central and southern Sierra Nevada, we find evidence for contemporaneous anthropogenic effects on forest structure across a broad swath of cismontane central California. This is significant because it implies that late 19th and early twentieth century forest structure – the structure that land managers most often seek to emulate – was in part the result anthropogenic fire and precolonial resource management.

Conclusion
We consequently suggest that modern management strategies consider (1) further incorporating traditional ecological knowledge fire practices in consultation with local tribal groups, and (2) using pollen-based reconstructions to track how forest composition compares to pre-1850 C.E. conditions rather than the novel forest states encountered in the late 20th and early twenty-first centuries. These strategies could help mitigate the effects of forecast climate change and associated megafires on forests and on socio-ecological systems in a more comprehensive manner.
Step forward towards treat-to-target management of giant cell arteritis: patients stratification aiming to targeted remission – updated guidelines
Authors: El Miedany Y , El Gaafary M , Toth M , Abdel Azim A , Palmer D , Dolbear G , Affam D , Hassan W , Tabra SA , Saber S , Abu-zaid MH 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of this work is to develop guidelines for health care professionals in the giant cell arteritis diagnosis and management, based on patients’ stratification and targeted outcome measures.

Results
Fourteen expert panel had completed the two rounds surveys. After the end of round two, twenty three recommendations were released distributed on 8 domains. The percentage of the agreement on the recommendations was 76.9% to 100%. All 23 key questions were answered at the end of the second round with agreement upon.

Conclusion
Patient stratification facilitate the initiation of an appropriate management approach for patients with giant cell arteritis aiming at achieving targeted disease remission state and prevention of visual loss and/or development of ischaemic events. Treat to Target approach is a new concept in giant cell arteritis management which aims to provide tight control to achieve and maintain disease remission. This work defined the treatment targets in relation to the disease stage.
Secondary Analysis of the Rate of Second Primary Lung Cancer From Cancer and Leukemia Group B 140503 (Alliance) Trial of Lobar Versus Sublobar Resection for T1aN0 Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Stinchcombe Thomas E. , Wang Xiaofei , Damman Bryce , Mentlick Jennifer , Landreneau Rodney , Wigle Dennis , Jones David R. , Conti Massimo , Ashrafi Ahmad S. , Liberman Moishe , de Perrot Marc , Mitchell John D. , Keenan Robert , Bauer Thomas , Miller Daniel , Altorki Nasser 
Published: January 2024

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical trial updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. Patients with early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who undergo curative surgical resection are at risk for developing second primary lung cancer (SPLC). Cancer and Leukemia Group B 140503 (Alliance) was a multicenter, international, randomized, phase III trial in patients with stage T1aN0 NSCLC (using the TNM staging system seventh edition) and demonstrated the noninferiority for disease-free survival between sublobar resection (SLR) and lobar resection (LR). After surgery, patients underwent computed tomography surveillance as defined by the protocol. The determination of a SPLC was done by the treating physician and recorded in the study database. We performed an analysis of the rate of SPLC (per patient per year) and the 5-year cumulative incidence in the study population and within the SLR and LR arms. Median follow-up was 7 years. The rate per patient per year in the study population, in the SLR arm, and in the LR arm was 3.4% (95% CI, 2.9 to 4.1), 3.8% (95% CI, 2.9 to 4.9), and 3.1% (95% CI, 2.4 to 4.1), respectively. The estimated 5-year cumulative incidence of SPLC in the study population, SLR arm, and LR arm was 15.9% (95% CI, 12.9 to 18.9), 17.2% (95% CI, 12.7 to 21.5), and 14.7% (95% CI, 10.6 to 18.7), respectively.
Dust to Feed, Dust to Gray: The Effect of in Utero Exposure to the Dust Bowl on Old-Age Longevity
Authors: Noghanibehambari Hamid , Fletcher Jason 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Intensive agriculture and deep plowing caused topsoil erosion and dust storms during the 1930s, affecting agricultural income and land values for years. Given the growing literature on the relevance of in utero and early-life exposures, it is surprising that studies focusing on links between the Dust Bowl and later-life health have produced inconclusive and mixed results. We reevaluate this literature and study the long-term effects of in utero and early-life exposure to topsoil erosion caused by the 1930s Dust Bowl on old-age longevity. Specifically, using Social Security Administration death records linked with the full-count 1940 census, we conduct event studies with difference-in-differences designs to compare the longevity of individuals in high- versus low-topsoil-erosion counties before versus after 1930. We find intent-to-treat reductions in longevity of approximately 0.85 months for those born in high-erosion counties after 1930. We show that these effects are not an artifact of preexisting trends in longevity. Additional analyses suggest that the effects are more pronounced among children raised in farm households, females, and those whose mothers had lower education. We also provide suggestive evidence that reductions in adulthood income are a likely mechanism for the effects we document.
Causes and Predictors of 30-Day Readmission in Patients With Stroke Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Large Single-Center Experience
Authors: El Naamani Kareem , Momin Arbaz A. , Hunt Adam , Jain Paarth , Oghli Yazan Shamli , Ghanem Marc , Musmar Basel , El Fadel Omar , Alhussein Abdulaziz , Alhussein Reyoof , Pedapati Vinay , Muharremi Eti , El-Hajj Jad , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I. , Gooch M. Reid , Herial Nabeel A. , Zarzour Hekmat , Schmidt Richard F. , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Jabbour Pascal M. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The 30-day readmission rate has emerged as a metric of quality care and is associated with increased health care expenditure. We aim to identify the rate and causes of 30-day readmission after mechanical thrombectomy and provide the risk factors of readmission to highlight high-risk patients who may require closer care.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective study from a prospectively maintained database of 703 patients presenting for mechanical thrombectomy between 2017 and 2023. All patients who presented with a stroke and underwent a mechanical thrombectomy were included in this study. Patients who were deceased on discharge were excluded from this study.

RESULTS:
Our study comprised 703 patients, mostly female (n = 402, 57.2%) with a mean age of 70.2 years ±15.4. The most common causes of readmission were cerebrovascular events (stroke [n = 21, 36.2%], intracranial hemorrhage [n = 9, 15.5%], and transient ischemic attack [n = 1, 1.7%]).Other causes of readmission included cardiovascular events (cardiac arrest [n = 4, 6.9%] and bradycardia [n = 1, 1.7%]), infection (wound infection postcraniectomy [n = 3, 5.2%], and pneumonia [n = 1, 1.7%]). On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of 30-day readmission were history of smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1-4.2) P = .01), distal embolization (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.1-8.7, P = .03), decompressive hemicraniectomy (OR: 9.3, 95% CI: 3.2-27.6, P < .01), and intracranial stent placement (OR: 4.6, 95% CI: 2.4-8.7) P < .01).

CONCLUSION:
In our study, the rate of 30-day readmission was 8.3%, and the most common cause of readmission was recurrent strokes. We identified a history of smoking, distal embolization, decompressive hemicraniectomy, and intracranial stenting as independent predictors of 30-day readmission in patients with stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.
Effect of Plyometrics on Bone Mineral Density in Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rodricks Nathan , Deccy Stephanie , Saint Louis Marc Edwin , Quintero Daniel , Ramirez Jose , Paultre Kristopher J. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Context
Osteoporosis is a chronic bone metabolic disease characterized by decreased bone mass, leading to increased frailty and a subsequent fracture risk. Peak bone mineral density (BMD) is achieved in early adulthood and may be the most important factor leading to the development of osteoporosis in older adults.

Objective
This study aimed to analyze the effects of plyometrics on BMD in young men and premenopausal women.

Design
This study used randomized controlled trials found in MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL published between January 1, 1990, and November 1, 2022. Keywords included plyometrics, jumping, jump training, bone health, and bone mineral density. Articles were assessed for methodological quality using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials 2010 checklist.

Eligibility Criteria
Randomized controlled trials investigating BMD in healthy premenopausal women and men between the ages of 18 and 60 yr that compared plyometrics with control were included.

Study Selection
Two reviewers independently screened 553 abstracts.

Main Outcome Measures
Mean baseline and follow-up dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scores and standard deviations were extracted to calculate the standard mean difference. After extraction, the magnitude of difference between control and treatment groups were analyzed using the Hedges and Olkin method for effect size.

Results
The 12 included studies had high methodological quality. Of the 12 studies, 10 reported statistically significant increase in BMD at ≥1 site when compared with control. Two studies showed equal improvement when compared with resistance-only training. After analysis, a large positive effect size with strongly positive correlation was seen between plyometrics and lumbar spine BMD.

Conclusion
Plyometric training is a safe and time-efficient method to improve BMD in premenopausal people 18–65 yr old. Large effect sizes were associated with increased training intensity and lasted months after the intervention was complete. Plyometrics seems to be a comparable alternative to resistance training with respect to bone health.
Gastric antral vascular ectasia, also known as watermelon stomach - diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Jurasz Karolina , Podgórska Dominika , Rzeska Ewa , Sanecki Miłosz , Tomczyk Karolina , Chojnacka Natalia , Klarycki Jakub , Cymer Radosław 
Published: January 2024

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE), also referred to as watermelon stomach is a rare disease accounting for about 4% of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It can manifest as occult bleeding requiring transfusion or acute gastrointestinal bleeding. This condition often coexists with liver cirrhosis, autoimmune diseases, heart failure, in patients post-bone marrow transplantation, or kidney failure. It is crucial to differentiate GAVE from portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG), because despite a similar clinical presentation, the treatment for these conditions is different.
Endoscopic diagnosis is necessary and in some cases, it may require further investigation and histopathological examination of the biopsy. Treatment is administered to patients with bleeding symptoms. Currently, the most commonly used treatment method is endoscopic thermal ablation using argon plasma coagulation.
The focus of this work is to present essential information regarding the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of watermelon stomach.
‘The year of living dangerously’: successful Rhodococcus equi therapy in an immunosuppressed patient with minimal toxicity by one year of continuous intravenous vancomycin therapy combined with oral levofloxacin and rifampicin
Authors: Franco-Álvarez Miguel , Fernández-Castro Iván , Fernández Cambeiro Mariño Francisco , Beceiro Abad Carmen , Otero Antón Esteban , Rodríguez López Sandra , Calvo Barbeito María Dolores , Novo-Veleiro Ignacio 
Published: January 2024

Background: Rhodococcus equi is a Gram-positive microorganism that causes infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Treatment duration can be prolonged. While vancomycin is an effective drug in this scenario, its use may lead to renal damage. Studies have shown that continuous vancomycin infusion appears to be a safe strategy in terms of adverse effects compared to bolus administration. Case description: We present the case of a 71-year-old female liver transplant recipient. After being diagnosed with a mediastinal infection caused by Rhodococcus equi with poor response to initial therapy, she required 12 months of continuous intravenous domiciliary infusion of vancomycin combined with oral levofloxacin and rifampicin. There was no drug-related complication throughout the follow-up. Conclusions: The use of continuous vancomycin infusion has emerged as a safer, more efficient, and cost-effective alternative to intermittent administration. We want to emphasise the uniqueness of this case, where despite the unprecedented treatment duration, no adverse effects occurred.
Basic Income and Violence Against Women: A Review of Cash Transfer Experiments
Authors: Wong Maria , Forget Evelyn 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Violence against women is understood as a public health issue that has long-term health consequences for women. Economic inequality and women’s economic dependence on men make women vulnerable to violence. One approach to addressing poverty is through basic income, a cash transfer for all individuals which is not dependent on their employment status. This paper examines the relationship between basic income and violence against women by surveying different forms of cash transfer programs and their association with intimate partner violence, sexual exploitation, and systemic violence. Previous reviews report that cash transfers can be associated with decreased intimate partner violence. This review goes beyond existing systematic reviews by including intimate partner violence, sexual exploitation, and systemic violence for a broader understanding of how cash transfers relate to violence against women. Search databases include EBSCOhost search with Medline, Social Science Abstracts, APA PsychINFO, Social Work Abstracts. Search terms were “basic income” or “cash transfer” and “women” and “violence” or “homicide” or “sexual risk.” Other terms searched were “indigenous” or “colonial” or “systemic”. This search included articles reporting on cash transfers as the exposure and an indicator of violence against women as the outcome. Articles were excluded if it did not fit these criteria and were not written in English. This search yielded 28 articles that described intimate partner violence (emotional, physical, or sexual), 15 articles that described sexual exploitation, and no articles describing systemic violence against women. We used other supplemental articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria to pinpoint gaps in literature on systemic violence. These papers were analyzed through a feminist lens, an intersectional approach in addition to other theories. This search resulted in 43 articles. Consistent with other reviews on this subject matter, many recipients of cash transfers reported feeling empowered by it. A large proportion of articles found that cash transfers have a decreased association with physical forms of IPV overall, however some articles report decreased, increased, or unchanged outcomes for emotional IPV, such as aggression, controlling behaviours, or threats. Cash transfers may also be associated with reduced sexual exploitation as nine out of 11 studies reported that participants reduced their number of sex trade interactions due to having their financial needs met and studies also reported their perceived increased autonomy in sexual decision-making. This article outlines the gaps in literature, including the examination of cash transfers and systemic violence that can guide future research to best understand how cash transfer impact violence against women.
High-Quality Development of Sports Competition Performance Industry in Chengdu-Chongqing Region Based on Performance Evaluation Theory
Authors: Yu Qiaoyan , Yu Yun , Deng Chenliang , Wang Jinyu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
High-quality development of sports competition performance industry in the Chengdu-Chongqing region is based on the improvement of the sports event system and the strengthening of market entities, and it promotes economic and social development by extending the industrial chain and enhancing the value chain. To effectively evaluate its development effect and promote high-quality development, based on the analysis of the opportunities and challenges faced by the sports competition performance industry in the Chengdu-Chongqing region, this article uses the literature research method and survey interview method to construct a performance evaluation index system from the perspective of performance evaluation theory. It also analyzes the strategic thinking of high-quality development from three aspects: guiding ideology, main principles, and development goals, and explores the strategic path for high-quality development from five aspects: integrated development of points and surfaces, priority development between regions, conditional step-by-step development within the region, selective key development of small cities, and layered development with emphasis on different stages.
Slips of the Tongue: Some Overlooked Examples of theMisdirected KissStorytelling Motif (Thompson K1225)
Authors: Parsons Ben , Jongenelen Bas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article considers the popular storytelling device ofthemisdirected kiss, classified in Stith Thompson’s index as motifK1225. It argues that the dominance of Chaucer’s Miller’s Tale over current scholarship has led us to conceptualise the motif in unduly reductive terms. To demonstrate the variability and complexity of the kiss as a narrative element, a number of neglected witnesses are reviewed from medieval and early modern French, English, German and Dutch. The article appends a translation and edition of one of the most eccentric specimens of the kiss from the late medieval period, the “Refereynen vande jonghe Kamer van Haerlem” (1561).
English as the Academic Lingua Franca (ELFA) for research publication purposes: voices from Iraq and Turkey
Authors: Alhasnawi Sami , Uysal Hacer Hande , Selvi Batuhan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper contributes to the recently increasing literature on the role of English as the Academic Lingua Franca (ELFA) in international research publications, and the potential pros and cons this may entail for non-Anglophone scholars in different contexts. While exploring Turkish and Iraqi scholars’ attitudes to English for research publication purposes (ERPP), their research writing challenges, and the strategies they use for successful publication, which are areas still lagging far behind in the current state of research, will be the main focus. Therefore, an online questionnaire was designed in this context to investigate the experience of academicians of different academic ranks across university disciplines in both Turkey and Iraq to address such a research gap. Findings are expected to enrich the field with respect to the presumed relationship between ELFA and ‘linguistic injustice/hegemony’, problems encountered by non-Anglophone scholars in different contexts, and their strategies for successful publication through English.
High-quality CMOS compatible n-type SiGe parabolic quantum wells for intersubband photonics at 2.5–5 THz
Authors: Campagna Elena , Talamas Simola Enrico , Venanzi Tommaso , Berkmann Fritz , Corley-Wiciak Cedric , Nicotra Giuseppe , Baldassarre Leonetta , Capellini Giovanni , Di Gaspare Luciana , Virgilio Michele , Ortolani Michele , De Seta Monica 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A parabolic potential that confines charge carriers along the growth direction of quantum wells semiconductor systems is characterized by a single resonance frequency, associated to intersubband transitions. Motivated by fascinating quantum optics applications leveraging on this property, we use the technologically relevant SiGe material system to design, grow, and characterize n-type doped parabolic quantum wells realized by continuously grading Ge-rich Si1−x
Ge
x
alloys, deposited on silicon wafers. An extensive structural analysis highlights the capability of the ultra-high-vacuum chemical vapor deposition technique here used to precisely control the quadratic confining potential and the target doping profile. The absorption spectrum, measured by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, revealed a single peak with a full width at half maximum at low and room temperature of about 2 and 5 meV, respectively, associated to degenerate intersubband transitions. The energy of the absorption resonance scales with the inverse of the well width, covering the 2.5–5 THz spectral range, and is almost independent of temperature and doping, as predicted for a parabolic confining potential. On the basis of these results, we discuss the perspective observation of THz strong light–matter coupling in this silicon compatible material system, leveraging on intersubband transitions embedded in all-semiconductor microcavities.