bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wettability of Graffiti Coatings by Green Nanostructured Fluids
Authors: Bartman Marcin , Hołysz Lucyna , Balicki Sebastian J. , Szczęsna‐Górniak Weronika , Wilk Kazimiera A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGreen nanostructured fluids (GNFs), specifically water‐in‐oil nanoemulsions (w/o NEs), were investigated as professional “brush on, wipe off” nanodetergents for the effective removal of various challenging graffiti coatings. The efficacy of the advanced nanodetergents in eradicating resilient graffiti coatings was evaluated using various methods to assess the surface properties of forming graffiti coatings. The surface properties of these coatings were examined by assessing their wettability by water, surface free energy, and topography to obtain information on the intermolecular interactions with the nanodetergent during the wetting and graffiti removal process. Our findings revealed significant variations in the coating removal rate and efficacy of green nanostructured fluids, which are stabilized using surfactants derived from saccharides or amino acids. A water‐in‐oil nanoemulsion, stabilized by caprylyl/capryl glucoside, demonstrated exceptional efficiency at cleaning graffiti paints based on alkyd resin and containing various additives such as nitrocellulose or bitumen, from any hard surface within a short time period. However, a w/o NE, stabilized by sodium cocoyl glycinate, also showed effective removal of graffiti paints containing durable bitumen, albeit at a slower rate on. These green nanostructured fluids can be used as specific nanodetergents for the comprehensive removal of various graffiti coatings, but require a specified action time to prevent damage to the original substrate beneath the paint coating.
Geographical classification of opium samples from Myanmar and Afghanistan by NMR profiling and chemometrics
Authors: Liu Cui‐Mei , Jia Wei , Liu Xue‐Yan , Du Yu , Hua Zhen‐Dong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study presents a new strategy to discriminate between opium samples obtained from different geographical regions. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) profiling and chemometrics were applied to geographical classification of opium originating from Myanmar and Afghanistan, which are two major opium producing countries in the world. A total of 50 Myanmar and 46 Afghanistan authentic opium samples were analyzed by 1H‐NMR, and the chemical profiles were characterized. Different sample preparation procedures, data processing methods, and chemometrics were compared to obtain the best classification effect. It was found that drying and the addition of buffer solutions were unnecessary for classification purposes; thus, the gum opium samples were extracted directly with CD3OD, which shortened sample preparation time. A full discrimination between the two geographical origins was achieved by 1H‐NMR profiling and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. All 30 opium samples were classified correctly by the developed orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis model. Compared with traditional chromatography and mass spectrometry profiling methods, the 1H‐NMR profiling method was faster (with instrument analysis time of less than 3 min) and reproducible. This study provides new insights into the applying of NMR profiling and chemometrics to rapid drug profiling analysis.
Diplomacy online: A case of mistaking broadcasting for dialogue
Authors: Roos Carla Anne , Utz Sonja , Koudenburg Namkje , Postmes Tom 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOnline discussions can fuel perceptions of misalignment, disagreement, conflict or even polarization. In this study, we look at everyday diplomatic expressions that could buffer this. We use automated and manual coding to analyze diplomatic behaviour in online discussions and its consequences for discussion sentiment. We analyze Reddit forums with differing norms: civil (N = 4594 comments), incivil (N = 2126) and social support subreddits (N = 1401). The automated content analysis shows that diplomatic behaviour occurs but does not affect the subsequent discussion. The manual analysis reveals why: discussions consist of disjointed statements rather than dialogue, making diplomacy inconsequential. These results have consequences for the field. First, what appears to be an escalating dialogue might actually be a string of personal attitudes broadcasted in a shared space. Second, the usefulness of automated content analysis in studying interaction dynamics is limited because of difficulties distinguishing broadcasting from dialogue.
Electrocatalytic conversion of waste polyamide‐66 hydrolysates into high‐added‐value adiponitrile and hydrogen fuel
Authors: Xiao Chuqian , Leow Wan Ru , Chen Luyang , Li Yuhang , Li Chunzhong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo reduce environmental pollution and plastic recycling costs, polyamide‐66 (PA‐66) as the most consumed engineering polymer needs to be recycled effectively. However, the existing recycling methods cannot convert waste PA‐66 into valuable chemicals for upcycling under ambient conditions. Here, we report an integrated hydrolysis and electrocatalytic process to upcycle waste PA‐66 into valuable adiponitrile (ADN), adipic acid, and H2 commodities, thereby closing the PA‐66 loop. To enable electrooxidation of the PA‐66 hydrosylate hexamethylenediamine (HMD), we fabricated anode catalysts with hierarchical Ni3S2@Fe2O3 core‐shell heterostructures comprising spindle‐shaped Ni3S2 cores and Fe2O3 nanosheet shells. The unique core‐shell architecture and synergy of the Ni3S2 and Fe2O3 catalysts enabled the selective dehydrogenation of C–N bonds from HMD to nitrile C≡N bonds, forming ADN with near‐unity Faradaic efficiency at 1.40 V during the 100‐h stability test even at 100 mA cm−2. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the Ni(Fe) oxy(hydroxide) species formed were in the active state during oxidation, accelerating the activation of the amino C–N bond for dehydrogenation directly into the C≡N bonds.
Integrating system dynamics and scenarios: A framework based on personal experience
Authors: Kunc Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSystem dynamics (SD) is a methodology to generate qualitative and quantitative models. SD has two main concepts that are highly suitable to use with scenarios: feedback processes that define the structure of sociotechnical systems and accumulation processes that are responsible for the dynamic behavior of systems over time. This article discusses a framework that integrates methodologically scenarios and SD. The integration can take multiple forms depending on the use of SD for creating or supporting scenarios. The framework is illustrated with multiple examples. Since SDs' practice uses processes similar to scenario practice, mutual enrichment between the communities can be highly successful.
High‐precision real‐time urine crystallization recognition based on dilated bilinear space pyramid ConvNext
Authors: Ding Ning , Bao Xu , Sun Shantong , Wang Yun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUrinary sediment image detection, as one of the three major routine clinical tests in medical practice, is an important method for physical examination and diagnosis of urinary system diseases. Crystalluria detection is a subtask of urinary sediment image detection, focusing on detecting and identifying crystalline components in urine. To address the issues of low accuracy and inefficiency caused by small crystal granularity in crystalluria detection, we propose the Dilated Bilinear Space Pyramid ConvNext Network (DBSPC‐Net), which achieves high‐precision real‐time crystalluria detection. DBSPC‐Net ingeniously combines dilated convolution pooling with bilinear space pyramid, introducing Dilated Bilinear Space Pyramid Pooling (DBSPP) to enlarge the receptive field and capture information at multiple scales. Additionally, we utilize the Normalized Gaussian Wasserstein Distance Loss (NWDLoss) instead of Intersection over Union (IoU) to enhance the recognition of small targets. Finally, the ConvNext module is employed to fuse local and global features, enhancing urine crystal recognition accuracy and speed. The crystalluria dataset is sourced from 400 actual patients in a hospital. It comprises five main types of urine crystals, namely calcium oxalate dihydrate, calcium oxalate monohydrate, uric acid, ammonium magnesium phosphate, and cystine. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed improved model achieves an average precision of 87.34% and a detection time of 7.9 ms per urine crystal image. DBSPC‐Net can accurately and rapidly identify crystalluria objects in scenarios involving microscope mica compensation, meeting the requirements of algorithmic detection accuracy and real‐time performance in crystalluria detection.
Calculation of the anharmonic effect on hydrogen abstraction in the combustion mechanism of n‐propylbenzene
Authors: Xu Shuyang , Song Zening , Hu Wenye , Yu Hongjing , Yao Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive investigation of the hydrogen abstraction reactions of ‐propylbenzene during the combustion process, encompassing 14 reaction systems. The harmonic and anharmonic reaction rate constants were computed over a temperature range of 300–4000 K and the paper derived kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for these reactions. The findings indicate that, in the majority of the reactions, the harmonic reaction rate constants consistently exceed the anharmonic ones, particularly in the high‐temperature regime, showcasing a significant disparity between the two. However, it is important to acknowledge the presence of certain differences, such as the presence of a negative temperature coefficient in R12. The study demonstrates the notable influence of anharmonic effects while validating the feasibility of the YL (Yao and Lin) method and these results provide reliable data for the engine combustion reaction mechanism construction.
17β‐Estradiol mediates TGFBR3/Smad2/3 signaling to attenuate the fibrosis of TGF‐β1‐induced bovine endometrial epithelial cells via GPER
Authors: Fang Zihao , Wang Qian , Duan Hongwei , Sheng Xihui , Qi Xiaolong , Xing Kai , Liu Bingying , Chang Di , Guo Yong , Wang Xiangguo , Xiao Longfei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAbnormal function and fibrosis of endometrium caused by cows' endometritis pose difficult implantation of embryos and uterine cavity adhesions. 17β‐Estradiol (E2) serves as the most effective aromatized estrogen, and its synthetase and receptors have been detected in the endometrium. Studies have demonstrated the positive role of estrogen in combating pathological fibrosis in diverse diseases. However, it is still unknown whether E2 regulates endometrium fibrosis in bovine endometritis. Herein, we evaluated the expression patterns of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EMT)‐related proteins (α‐SMA, vimentin N‐cadherin and E‐cadherin), cytochrome P450 19A1 (CYP19A1), and G protein‐coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in bovine healthy endometrium and Inflammatory endometrium. Our data showed that the inflamed endometrium presented low CYP19A1 and GPER expression, and significantly higher EMT process versus the normal tissue. Moreover, we established a TGF‐β1‐induced fibrosis model in BEND cells, and found that E2 inhibited the EMT process of BEND cells in a dose‐dependent manner. The anti‐fibrotic effect of E2 was blocked by the GPER inhibitor G15, but not the estrogen nuclear receptors (ERs) inhibitor ICI182780. Moreover, the GPER agonist G1 inhibited fibrosis and Smad2/3 phosphorylation but increased the expression of TGFBR3 in BEND cells. Transfection with TGFBR3 small interfering RNA blocked the effect of G1 on fibrosis of BEND cells and upregulated the expression of P‐Smad2/3. Our in vivo data also showed that E2 and G1 affected uterus fibrosis in mice endometritis model caused by LPS, which was associated with the inhibition of TGFBR3/Smad2/3 signaling. In conclusion, our data implied that E2 alleviates the fibrosis of TGF‐β1‐induced BEND cells, which is associated with the GPER mediation of TGFBR3/Smad2/3 signaling.
Prehatching development of the adrenal gland in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica): Histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic studies
Authors: Fadl Saher , Saleh Abdelmohaimen M. M. , Abou‐Elmagd Ahmed , Abdel‐maksoud Fatma M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe adrenal glands play a key role in maintaining the physiological balance of birds and helping them to survive environmental changes. The objective of the present work was to give a detailed investigation of the histological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical findings of the adrenal gland in Japanese quail during the prehatching phase. The current study was performed on 45 healthy Japanese quail embryos at different prehatching periods. Our results showed the primordium of the quail's adrenocortical tissue appeared at 3 days of incubation as a thickening of the splanchnic mesoderm. The prospective chromaffin cells appeared at 5 days as clusters of cells migrated from the neural crest cells along the dorsal aorta toward the interrenal tissue. TH immunoreactivity was observed in the neural crest cells during their migration toward the adrenal primordium. Furthermore, these TH immunopositive cells were intermingled with the developing interrenal cell cords that developed from the coelomic epithelium. NSE immunostaining was detected within the cytoplasm of interrenal cells, chromaffin cells, and ganglion cells. Sox10 is expressed in chromaffin and ganglion cells with different staining intensities. On the 13th day of prehatching, both interrenal and chromaffin cells were β‐catenin immunonegative, but on the 17th day, both cells were immunopositively. Our findings show that during prenatal life, the adrenal gland undergoes significant morphological changes. Together, the present data suggest that studying the prenatal development of the adrenal gland in birds is important for advancing our understanding of this critical organ and its functions.Research Highlights
The present study aimed to give a detailed study of the histological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical investigations of the adrenal gland in Japanese quail during the prehatching period.
The interrenal primordium was observed on the third embryonic day, on the fifth ED the primordium of the chromaffin tissue appeared as row of migrating neural crest cell.
At the ultrastructural level, the interrenal cells take steroid‐secreting cells characters, they have varying amounts of lipid droplets and abundant mitochondria at 15th ED contained moderate number of lysosomes and mitochondria.
MORC3 represses the HCMV major immediate early promoter in myeloid cells in the absence of PML nuclear bodies
Authors: Champion Anna , Rowland Alexandra , Yee Levia , van den Boomen Dick , Reeves Matthew , Lehner Paul , Sinclair John , Poole Emma 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can undergo either a latent or a lytic infection in cells of the myeloid lineage. Whilst the molecular mechanisms which determine the outcome of infection are far from clear, it is well established that a key factor is the differential regulation of the major immediate early promoter (MIEP) responsible for driving lytic immediate early gene expression. Using a myelomonocytic cell line stably transduced with a GFP reporter under the control of the MIEP, which recapitulates MIEP regulation in the context of virus infection, we have used an unbiased CRISPR‐Cas9 sub‐genomic, epigenetic library screen to identify novel cellular factors involved in MIEP repression during establishment and maintenance of latency in myeloid cells. One such cellular factor identified was MORC3. Consistent with MORC3 being a robust repressor of the MIEP, we show that THP1 cells devoid of MORC3 fail to establish latency. We also show that MORC3 is induced during latent infection, recruited to the MIEP and forms MORC3 nuclear bodies (MORC3‐NBs) which, interestingly, co‐localize with viral genomes. Finally, we show that the latency‐associated functions of MORC3 are regulated by the deSUMOylase activity of the viral latency‐associated LUNA protein likely to prevent untimely HCMV reactivation.
Enhanced periodontal tissue healing via vascular endothelial growth factor expression following low‐level erbium‐doped: yttrium, aluminum, and garnet laser irradiation: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Takemura Shu , Mizutani Koji , Mikami Risako , Nakagawa Keita , Hakariya Masahiro , Sakaniwa Eri , Saito Natsumi , Kominato Hiromi , Kido Daisuke , Takeda Kohei , Aoki Akira , Iwata Takanori 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the effects of low‐level erbium‐doped: yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation on periodontal tissue healing and regeneration through angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro studies.MethodsIntrabony defects were surgically created in the bilateral maxilla molar of rats. The defects were treated by open flap debridement (OFD) with Er:YAG laser, including low‐level laser irradiation (LLLI) to bone and blood clot surfaces, or conventional procedures. The mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the surgical sites was quantified using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The decalcified specimens were prepared for histometric analysis. Also, LLLI was performed on human umbilical vein endothelial cells to evaluate the effects on angiogenesis. Cell proliferation, VEGF expression, and tube formation were assessed. In addition, capsazepine (CPZ), a selective inhibitor of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), treatment was performed before LLLI for the same assays.ResultsOFD using Er:YAG laser did not generate thermal damage on bone or root surfaces. LLLI accelerated hemostasis by coagulation of the superficial layers of blood clots in the laser‐treated group. Postoperative healing was sound in all animals in both groups. VEGF expression and bone formation were significantly increased in the laser‐treated group compared to those in the conventional treatment group. In vitro, cell proliferation and VEGF expression were significantly increased in the LLLI group compared to the control group. Tube‐formation assays showed that LLLI significantly promoted angiogenesis. CPZ treatment significantly suppressed VEGF expression and tube formation following LLLI.ConclusionsThis study suggests that Er:YAG laser irradiation may promote periodontal tissue healing by enhancing angiogenetic effect of endothelial cells via TRPV1.
Quaternary alluvial paleosols of the Atbara River, eastern Sudan: description and paleoenvironments
Authors: Mohammednoor M. , Bibi F. , Eisawi A. , Tsukamoto S. , Bussert R. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTQuaternary climatic changes in the Nile Basin and their effects on the evolution of African mammals and vegetation are poorly understood, particularly for the last 1 Ma. Pleistocene (~230 to <17 ka) alluvial sediments exposed along the middle stretches of the Atbara River in eastern Sudan are rich in fossil vertebrates and are ideal for paleoenvironmental reconstruction during this time interval. We performed petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical analyses on the middle Atbara paleosols to reconstruct the paleoclimate and paleolandscape. We describe Aridisols/Calcisols characterized by calcretes and containing gypsum and halite, and Vertisols with pedogenic slickensides and a relatively large amount of smectite. The paleosols indicate that the study area transitioned from an arid to semi‐arid climate during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS)7/6, to a more humid climate during MIS5, and then a return to more arid conditions during MIS2. The studied paleosols likely supported a range of grassland and wooded grassland savanna habitats. Our study confirms that the Atbara River Valley provided favorable living conditions for Pleistocene large mammal communities includingHomo, potentially facilitating dispersals out of Africa through the Nile corridor.
Treatment of residual disease following neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer
Authors: Heater Natalie K. , Somayaji Khyati , Gradishar William 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSubstantial advances have been made in the systemic treatment of breast cancer with residual disease following neoadjuvant therapy. We reviewed recent and ongoing studies informing the standard clinical management of residual disease by subtype: HER2+, TNBC, and HR+/HER2‐, as well as strategies for BRCA+ disease. We conclude with a discussion of ongoing clinical trials and current controversies regarding the treatment of residual disease in breast cancer.
Complicated grief and posttraumatic stress after loss and separation under terror conditions
Authors: Jann Philipp , Neldner Sina , Neuner Frank , Mohammed Rezhna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe lives of people in conflict areas are often characterized by the experience of traumatic events frequently accompanied by loss and separation. These can equally trigger symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complicated grief (CG). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether affected individuals could be assigned to distinct classes at symptom‐cluster levels of these two disorders. Moreover, we aimed to identify event‐related and sociodemographic predictors associated with membership in these pathological classes. Participants were Iraqi internally displaced persons (IDPs; N = 199) who fled their hometowns due to the ISIS conflict and reported having lost an important person within the past 5 years. Based on the PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5 (PCL‐5) and Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG), a latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to examine different classes of symptom clusters. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine which variables predicted assignment to these symptom classes. The impact of loss and separation among IDPs in Iraq manifested in CG symptoms in more than half of the affected population and was often accompanied by PTSD. LCA identified a low‐symptoms class (17.6%), CG class (33.7%), PTSD class (12.1%), and comorbid PTSD+CG class (36.7%). The sudden or violent death of a loved one was identified as a distinguishing factor for PTSD. Furthermore, separation was associated with comorbidity. Aid agencies should take these specific factors into account to improve effective and economic aid delivery to IDPs continuously affected by terror.