bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) near hospitals and schools using leaves and barks of Sambucus nigra and Acacia melanoxylon
Authors: Alexandrino Katiuska , Sánchez Nazly E. , Viteri Fausto 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the most studied organic compounds in urban environments, due to their known threat to human health. This study extends the current knowledge regarding the ability of different vegetative parts of different tree species to accumulate PAHs. Moreover, exposure intensity to PAHs in areas frequented by population susceptible to adverse health effects of air pollution is evaluated. For this, leaves and barks of Sambucus nigra (S. nigra) and Acacia melanoxylon (A. melanoxylon) were collected at urban areas in the Andean city of Quito, at seven points near hospitals and schools. A methodology, previously developed, for the extraction, purification, and quantification of PAHs associated with the leaves and bark of S. nigra was employed and also validated for leaves and bark of A. melanoxylon. The total PAH level varied from 119.65 ng g−1 DW (dry weight) to 1969.98 ng g−1 DW (dry weight) with naphthalene (Naph), fluoranthene (Flt), pyrene (Pyr), chrysene (Chry), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) predominating in all samples. The results indicate that the leaves and bark of tree species studied have certain abilities to bio-accumulate PAH according to their molecular weight. The leaves of S. nigra and bark of A. melanoxylon showed the highest ability to accumulate PAHs, mainly those with high and medium molecular weight, respectively. The highest incidence of light molecular weight PAHs was found in the leaves of A. melanoxylon. Furthermore, coal combustion, biomass burning, and vehicle emissions were identified as the main PAHs sources. Concentrations of PAHs associated with tree species suggest an affectation in areas frequented by populations susceptible to air pollution. This fact shows the importance of regulatory scheme to significantly improve the air quality in the city integrating a knowledge-based decision-making.
The role of institutional contexts for social inequalities in study abroad intent and participation
Authors: Entrich Steve R. , Netz Nicolai , Matsuoka Ryoji 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe contribute to research on social inequalities in educational attainment by examining the role of institutional contexts for students’ study abroad (SA) intent and participation. To do so, we extend the individual-level rational choice model predicting SA intent and participation depending on students’ socioeconomic status (SES) into a multi-level model emphasizing the importance of context effects. We test our model based on unique micro-level student data, which we supplement with context data. Examining 18,510 students nested in 69 universities, we provide the first in-depth multi-level analyses of SA intent and participation of students from Japan. In line with findings from many Western countries, our results show that higher-SES students are more likely to (intend to) study abroad. Regarding the role of institutional contexts, we find that programs designed to improve SA opportunity structures hardly affect students’ SA intent but significantly positively affect SA participation above and beyond other university-level and student-level characteristics. Importantly, both lower- and higher-SES students benefit from favorable SA opportunity structures. These findings suggest that Japan’s recent push toward internationalization of higher education has created relevant SA opportunities for students from different social backgrounds. Still, higher-SES students are currently overrepresented among those studying abroad because they are more likely to select into universities offering favorable SA opportunity structures. Our analysis calls for more research combining individual-level with contextual-level theories and data to better understand the conditions shaping SES-specific SA intent and participation.
Locked into a permanent position of vulnerability? Farmers’ trust and social capital with the government from Critical Disaster Studies perspectives
Authors: Nguyen-Trung Kien , Uekusa Shinya , Matthewman Steve 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn disaster scholarship, there is limited understanding about how vulnerability is socially constructed by a convergence of varying social structural and historical processes that predispose certain vulnerable groups to disasters even before a hazard event occurs. This article aims to fill this void by using Critical Disaster Studies perspectives to explore the root causes of why crop farmers in the coastal region of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta have been locked in a permanent position of vulnerability. In order to develop more sustainable food supply chains, this exploration aims to shed light on the socio-cultural interpretations, experiences, and needs of disaster-affected farmers—the most important but vulnerable actors in the crop production hierarchy in Vietnam. Following a historic disaster between late 2015 and early 2016, local governments deliberately organised farmers into an agricultural cooperative in an attempt to support farmers in enhancing economic resilience and disaster preparedness. However, this intervention has failed since farmers refused to participate in the organisation’s activities. While this reaction may seem irrational, it reflects farmers’ distrust in the government, which was largely a result of their collective trauma from the state’s agricultural collectivisation policy implemented between 1976 and 1985. Farmers chose to cling to their individual working routines out of concern about government supervision, forcing them to take bigger risks and pay for the food supply chains’ catastrophic damage. Our findings show that a strained relationship between farmers and the government can jeopardise disaster recovery and resilience building. Our paper adds to the Critical Disaster Studies literature by revisiting the concepts of vulnerability and resilience, emphasising the importance of addressing socio-cultural vulnerability before improving disaster resilience.
Microbial activity of lactic acid bacteria and hydrogen producers mediated by pH and total solids during the consolidated bioprocessing of agave bagasse
Authors: Dudek Karol , Guzmán Cecilia Lizeth Álvarez , Valdez-Vazquez Idania 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLactic acid bacteria (LAB) coexist with Clostridium spp. in hydrogen production processes from complex substrates; however, the role of LAB is still unclear. This study analyzed the fermentation products in a wide range of initial pH (pHi, 5.5–6.9) and total solids (TS%, 8–22%) to determine the activity of these two microbial groups over time (from 24 to 120 h). Agave bagasse served as the feedstock for hydrogen production via consolidated bioprocess (CBP), while the inoculum source was the indigenous mature microbiota. In the early stage of the CBP, hydrogen production from lactic acid occurred only at pHi ≥ 6.0 (ρ = 0.0004) with no effect of TS%; lactic acid accumulated below this pHi value. In this stage, lactic acid production positively correlated with a first cluster of LAB represented by Paucilactobacillus (r = 0.64) and Bacillus (r = 0.81). After 72 h, hydrogen production positively correlated with a second group of LAB led by Enterococcus (r = 0.71) together with the hydrogen producer Clostridium sensu stricto 1 (r = 0.8) and the acetogen Syntrophococcus (r = 0.52) with the influence of TS% (ρ < 0.0001). A further experiment showed that buffering the pH to 6.5 increased and lengthened the lactic acid production, doubling the hydrogen production from 20 to 41 mL H2/gTSadded. This study confirmed the prevalence of distinct groups of LAB over time, whose microbial activity promoted different routes of hydrogen production.
Expanding Access to Comprehensive Geriatric Evaluation via Telehealth: Development of Hybrid-Virtual Home Visits
Authors: Schubert Cathy C. , Penney Lauren S. , Schwartzkopf Ashley L. , Damush Teresa M. , Preddie Alaina , Flemming Soyna , Myers Jennifer , Myers Laura J. , Perkins Anthony J. , Zhang Ying , Bravata Dawn M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In response to the aging population, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) seeks to expand access to evidence-based practices which support community-dwelling older persons such as the Geriatric Resources for Assessment and Care of Elders (GRACE) program. GRACE is a multidisciplinary care model which provides home-based geriatric evaluation and management for older Veterans residing within a 20-mile drive radius from the hospital. We sought to expand the geographic reach of VA-GRACE by developing a hybrid-virtual home visit (TeleGRACE).

Objectives
The objectives were to: (1) describe challenges encountered and solutions implemented during the iterative, pre-implementation program development process; and (2) illustrate potential successes of the program with two case examples.

Design
Quality improvement project with longitudinal qualitative data collection.

Program Description
The hybrid-virtual home visit involved a telehealth technician travelling to patients’ homes and connecting virtually to VA-GRACE team members who participated remotely.

Approach & Participants
We collected multiple data streams throughout program development: TeleGRACE staff periodic reflections, fieldnotes, and team meeting notes; and VA-GRACE team member interviews.

Key Results
The five program domains that required attention and problem-solving were: telehealth connectivity and equipment, virtual physical examination, protocols and procedures, staff training, and team integration. For each domain, we describe several challenges and solutions. An example from the virtual physical examination domain: several iterations were required to identify the combination of telehealth stethoscope with dedicated headphones that allowed remote nurse practitioners to hear heart and lung sounds. The two cases illustrate how this hybrid-virtual home visit model provided care for patients who would not otherwise have received timely healthcare services.

Conclusions
These results provide a blueprint to translate an in-person home-based geriatrics program into a hybrid-virtual model and support the feasibility of using hybrid-virtual home visits to expand access to comprehensive geriatric evaluation and ongoing care for high-risk, community-dwelling older persons who reside geographically distant from the primary VA facility.

Graphical Abstract
Trumps Massenwirkung aus sozioanalytischer und psychoanalytischer Perspektive. Zur Triangulation beider Konzepte
Authors: König Hans-Dieter 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungAufgrund von Pierre Bourdieus Einschätzung, dass die Sozioanalyse das komplementäre Gegenstück zur Psychoanalyse bildet, wird die Frage aufgeworfen, ob und wie man in der empirischen Forschung Sozioanalyse und Psychoanalyse miteinander kombinieren kann. Diese methodologische Fragestellung wird anhand von Trumps populistischen Inszenierungen untersucht. Zunächst wird Trumps politisches Handeln aus der epistemischen Perspektive der Sozioanalyse im Rückgriff auf Bourdieus Schriften zur Politik untersucht. Dabei wird fassbar, dass der manifeste Sinn seiner Worte, dass er für das Volk gegen das Establishment kämpfe, auch deshalb wirksam ist, weil er zugleich gesellschaftliche Machtverhältnisse unbewusst macht und auf ein soziales Unbewusstes zurückgreift, das seit Hunderten von Jahren gesellschaftlich reproduziert wird. Sodann werden Trumps Masseninszenierungen aus der epistemischen Perspektive der Psychoanalyse untersucht. Dabei wird eine exemplarisch ausgewählte Textpassage aus seiner im Januar 2021 gehaltenen Rede zum Sturm auf das Kapitol analysiert. Die auf dem Forschungsfeld der psychoanalytischen Sozialpsychologie stattfindende Untersuchung wird mit Hilfe der von Alfred Lorenzer entwickelten tiefenhermeneutischen Kulturanalyse durchgeführt, die den verborgenen Sinn der Ansprache über deren Wirkung auf eine Gruppe von Forschenden erschließt. Während der manifeste Sinn der Rede darauf abhebt, dass es eine Schande sei, dass die Demokraten Trump die Wahl gestohlen hätten, weckt der latente Sinn der Worte, dass die Amerikaner nach der Wahl wie kopflose Hühner herumrennen würden, tiefe Ängste und Wut auslösende Ohnmachtsgefühle. Schließlich wird erörtert, wie sich die Forschungsergebnisse der sozioanalytischen und der psychoanalytischen Rekonstruktion auf einer sozialisationstheoretischen Bedeutungsebene aufeinander beziehen lassen.
Toward a Standard Data Architecture for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Li Shengyen , Feng Shaw , Kuan Alexander , Lu Yan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo advance additive manufacturing (AM), a scalable architecture is needed to structure, curate and access the data from AM R&D projects that are conducted to evaluate new materials, processes and technologies. Effective project metadata management enables the sharing of AM domain knowledge. This work introduces an AM data modeling architecture to capture pedigree information from AM projects which enables the traceability of the material. This overall AM model includes five modules covering information about (1) project management, (2) feedstock materials, (3) AM building and post processing, (4) microstructure and properties measurements and (5) computer simulations. The objective of this design is to ease the integration of the heterogeneous datasets from different sources and allow for extensions, for example, to incorporate sub-models from other efforts. As a proof of concept, the material and process models defined in the paper capture the major metadata elements for laser powder bed fusion AM. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the architecture, the models are implemented using extensible markup language and preliminarily tested using the project data from America Makes. Additional data sub-models can be integrated in this architecture without affecting the existing structure.
More than the Infinite Monkey Theorem: NHP Models in the Development of a Pediatric HIV Cure
Authors: Fonseca Jairo A. , King Alexis C. , Chahroudi Ann 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
An HIV cure that eliminates the viral reservoir or provides viral control without antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an urgent need in children as they face unique challenges, including lifelong ART adherence and the deleterious effects of chronic immune activation. This review highlights the importance of nonhuman primate (NHP) models in developing an HIV cure for children as these models recapitulate the viral pathogenesis and persistence.

Recent Findings
Several cure approaches have been explored in infant NHPs, although knowledge gaps remain. Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) show promise for controlling viremia and delaying viral rebound after ART interruption but face administration challenges. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors hold the potential for sustained bNAb expression. Therapeutic vaccination induces immune responses against simian retroviruses but has yet to impact the viral reservoir. Combining immunotherapies with latency reversal agents (LRAs) that enhance viral antigen expression should be explored.

Summary
Current and future cure approaches will require adaptation for the pediatric immune system and unique features of virus persistence, for which NHP models are fundamental to assess their efficacy.
Gingerol and/or sorafenib attenuates the DAB-induced HCC and hepatic portal vein dilatation via ATG4/CASP3 and COIIV/COX-2/NF-κB expression
Authors: Salama Afrah Fatthi , El-Far Ali H. , Anbar Esraa Ali , El-Naggar Sabry Ali , Elshazli Rami M. , Elmetwalli Alaa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGinger (Gin) has numerous therapeutic properties. One of Gin’s most potent components is 6-gingerol, a naturally occurring phenol. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic impact of gingerol and/or sorafenib on the ATG4/CASP3 and COIIV/COX-2/NF-B Expression as a potential therapy for DAB-induced HCC. Gin was administered to HCC mice induced by p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB) alone or combined with sorafenib (Sor). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and oxidative stress malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as biochemical markers including AST, ALT, ALP, Albumin, and Bilirubin, were examined. The expression of oncogenes (COIIV, COX-2, NF-κB, and survivin) and tumor suppressor genes (ATG4 and CASP3) was evaluated using qPCR. According to the results, the levels of MDA have been markedly decreased, while SOD and CAT have been increased. Further, the expression levels of tumor suppressor genes were upregulated, whereas the expression levels of oncogene genes were downregulated. Furthermore, in a dose-dependent manner, gingerol has shown the potential to alleviate hepatic portal vein (PV) dilatation and could offer a reliable therapy for HCC. This suggests combining the two compounds may be more effective than alone and that Gin could be a promising therapeutic option for HCC. The binding of Gin and Sor to the active sites of the target genes prevents them from functioning normally, which in turn stops the pathways from carrying out their oncogenic functions. Additionally, COX-2 inhibition reduces the production of certain pro-inflammatory compounds, which further averts oncogenesis. Conclusively, this study indicated that Gin has cytoprotective properties and anti-cancer activity that may be related to controlling oxidative stress. This effect may be achieved by suppressing the COIIV/COX-2/NF-κB pathway and upregulating the ATG4 /CASP3 pathways.
Graphical abstract
Exosomal noncoding RNAs as noninvasive biomarkers in bladder cancer: a diagnostic meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Liming , Li Jun , Xue Zhongguang , Wang Jinfeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In view of discordance consisting in different reports, a meta-analysis was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of exosomal noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in blood and urine in the detection of bladder cancer.

Methods
Eligible studies were acquired by systematic retrieval through PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The pooled diagnostic efficacy was appraised by reckoning the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve. The latent sources of heterogeneity were probed by subgroup analyses and meta-regression. STATA 12.0, Meta-DiSc 1.4, and RevMan 5.3 were applied to carry out all statistical analyses and plots.

Results
A total of 46 studies from 15 articles comprising 2622 controls and 3015 bladder cancer patients were included in our meta-analysis. Exosomal ncRNAs in blood and urine represented relatively satisfactory diagnostic efficacy in detecting bladder cancer, with a pooled sensitivity of 0.75, a specificity of 0.79, and an area under the SROC curve (AUC) of 0.84. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibited better diagnostic value with a pooled AUC of 0.91 than that of exosomal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). To some extent, the heterogeneity among studies was induced by exosomal ncRNA types (miRNA or lncRNA), exosomal ncRNA profiling (single- or multiple-ncRNA), sample size, specimen types, and ethnicity.

Conclusion
Exosomal ncRNAs in blood and urine may play a vital role in diagnosing bladder cancer as prospective noninvasive biomarkers; nonetheless, their clinical performance needs to be confirmed by further massive proactive researches.
A qualitative study exploring psychotherapy recipients’ perspectives on positive mental health
Authors: Vaingankar Janhavi Ajit , Sambasivam Rajeswari , Chang Sherilyn , Seow Esmond , Lu Sharon Huixian , Assudani Hanita Ashok , Tan Geoffrey Chern-Yee , Chong Siow Ann , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTraditionally, psychotherapy aims to address distressing emotions, thoughts, and behaviours in individuals, but it can also foster positive mental health (PMH) and earlier recovery by including salutogenic approaches in clinical practice. This study aimed to understand psychotherapy recipients’ perspectives on the meaning of PMH and how therapy could help them achieve it. A qualitative study was conducted among fifteen psychotherapy recipients seeking care at a mental health institute in Singapore. Their experiences were explored through semi-structured interviews. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted to identify key themes. Six themes on the meaning of PMH emerged – (i) acceptance of themselves and their emotions; (ii) positivity, which related to having a positive and optimistic outlook in different situations; (iii) resilience to bounce back from problems using healthy coping mechanisms; (iv) purpose in life which meant envisioning personal goals and working towards these; (v) social participation referred to having compassion, openness, and social skills to build supportive relationships; and (vi) euthymia represented being in a state without depression or anxiety and having better symptom management. Participants also narrated the ways in which psychotherapy had helped / can help them achieve their PMH goals. In this study, individuals receiving psychotherapy identified six key aspects of PMH as being relevant to them. By recognizing these unique perspectives around PMH, integrative and complementary therapy approaches can be designed to benefit people with mental health problems more effectively.
Scattering of diatomic molecules from graphite
Authors: Rutigliano Maria , Pirani Fernando 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the last years, state-to-state molecular dynamics simulations of some basic elementary processes, occurring at the gas–surface interface in a wide range of temperatures and collision energies, have been performed by adopting new potential energy surfaces. In this contribution, our attention is mostly addressed to the role of long-range forces, determining the physisorption of gaseous molecules on the surface. Such forces, formulated in terms of the improved Lennard–Jones interaction potential model, control the formation of precursor or pre-reactive state that plays a crucial role in the dynamical evolution of molecules impinging on the surface in the range of low–intermediate collision kinetic energies. The study focuses on the collisions of H2, O2, N2 and CO, initially in their ground and excited vibro-rotational levels, on a graphite surface. The resulting dispersion coefficients, which control the capture of impinging molecules, are compared and found in good agreement with those available in the literature. New selectivity and peculiarities of scattered molecules, crucial to control the kinetics of elementary chemical processes occurring at the gas–surface interfaces under thermal and sub-thermal conditions, of interest in different applied fields, are highlighted.

Graphic abstract