bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Differences in Genome Content among
phlD
-Positive
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Strains by Using PCR-Based Subtractive Hybridization
Authors: Mavrodi D. V. , Mavrodi O. V. , McSpadden-Gardener B. B. , Landa B. B. , Weller D. M. , Thomashow L. S. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACT

Certain 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol-producing strains of
Pseudomonas fluorescens
colonize roots and suppress soilborne diseases more effectively than others from which they are otherwise phenotypically almost indistinguishable. We recovered DNA fragments present in the superior colonizer
P. fluorescens
Q8r1-96 but not in the less rhizosphere-competent strain Q2-87. Of the open reading frames in 32 independent Q8r1-96-specific clones, 1 was similar to colicin M from
Escherichia coli
, 3 resembled known regulatory proteins, and 28 had no significant match with sequences of known function. Seven clones hybridized preferentially to DNA from strains with superior rhizosphere competence, and sequences in two others were highly expressed in vitro and in the rhizosphere.
Simultaneous Detection of
Aeromonas salmonicida
,
Flavobacterium psychrophilum
, and
Yersinia ruckeri
, Three Major Fish Pathogens, by Multiplex PCR
Authors: del Cerro A. , Marquez I. , Guijarro J. A. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACT

A multiplex PCR assay based on the 16S rRNA genes was developed for the simultaneous detection of three major fish pathogens,
Aeromonas salmonicida
,
Flavobacterium psychrophilum
, and
Yersinia ruckeri
. The assay proved to be specific and as sensitive as each single PCR assay, with detection limits in the range of 6, 0.6, and 27 CFU for
A. salmonicida
,
F. psychrophilum
, and
Y. ruckeri
, respectively. The assay was useful for the detection of the bacteria in artificially infected fish as well as in fish farm outbreaks. Results revealed that this multiplex PCR system permits a specific, sensitive, reproducible, and rapid method for the routine laboratory diagnosis of infections produced by these three bacteria.
Free-Living Heterotrophic Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Isolated from Fuel-Contaminated Antarctic Soils
Authors: Eckford Ruth , Cook Fred D. , Saul David , Aislabie Jackie , Foght Julia 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACT
Five bacterial isolates enriched from fuel-contaminated Antarctic soils fixed nitrogen in the dark heterotrophically and nonsymbiotically. Two isolates utilized jet fuel vapors and volatile hydrocarbons for growth but not in N-deficient medium. Bacteria such as these may contribute to in situ biodegradation of hydrocarbons in Antarctic soils.
Acetate Utilization and Butyryl Coenzyme A (CoA):Acetate-CoA Transferase in Butyrate-Producing Bacteria from the Human Large Intestine
Authors: Duncan Sylvia H. , Barcenilla Adela , Stewart Colin S. , Pryde Susan E. , Flint Harry J. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTSeven strains ofRoseburiasp.,Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, andCoprococcussp. from the human gut that produce high levels of butyric acid in vitro were studied with respect to key butyrate pathway enzymes and fermentation patterns. Strains ofRoseburiasp. andF. prausnitziipossessed butyryl coenzyme A (CoA):acetate-CoA transferase and acetate kinase activities, but butyrate kinase activity was not detectable either in growing or in stationary-phase cultures. Although unable to use acetate as a sole source of energy, these strains showed net utilization of acetate during growth on glucose. In contrast,Coprococcussp. strain L2-50 is a net producer of acetate and possessed detectable butyrate kinase, acetate kinase, and butyryl-CoA:acetate-CoA transferase activities. These results demonstrate that different functionally distinct groups of butyrate-producing bacteria are present in the human large intestine.
The medical career of Robert Seymour Bridges, FRCP (1844–1930): physician and Poet Laureate
Authors: Cook G C 
Published: September 2002

Abstract
Robert Bridges OM is the only medical graduate (he was elected to the Fellowship of the Royal College of Physicians of London in 1900) to have held the office of Poet Laureate. Educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford and St Bartholomew’s Hospital he practised as a casualty physician at his teaching hospital (where he made a series of highly critical remarks of the Victorian medical establishment) and subsequently as a full physician to the Great (later Royal) Northern Hospital. He was also a physician to the Hospital for Sick Children. It had for long been his intention to retire from the medical profession at the early age of 40! In 1913, Bridges was appointed Poet Laureate by King George V, and following a disappointingly sparse output of “official” work, published his greatest literary contribution—The Testament of Beauty—on his 85th birthday.
Spinal reconstruction for symptomatic thoracic haemangioma using a titanium cage
Authors: Ogura T , Mori M , Hayashida T , Osawa T , Hase H 
Published: September 2002

Abstract
Most vertebral haemangiomas are asymptomatic. A case of spinal reconstruction for symptomatic extraosseous thoracic haemangioma using a titanium cage is reported. Radiographs of the T11 vertebra demonstrated characteristic vertical striations. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography showed spinal cord compression by extraosseous tumour extension. Several tumour feeding vessels were shown by angiography. Through a transpedicular biopsy, a histological diagnosis of cavernous haemangioma was made. Embolisation of feeding vessels was performed using coils before surgery. Laminectomy and subtotal vertebrectomy were performed by a single posterior approach. Rigid stabilisation of the spine was achieved with pedicle screw systems and a cage filled with an autogenous bone graft. Five months postoperatively, stabilisation of the spine was established without loosening of the cage or pedicle screws. Clinical symptoms were improved.
On spin irreps of (1 Ii 3) 12-fold uniform NMR spin systems as invariant-based dual tensorial sets: Roles in spin physics for weight sets and their -partitional frequency catalogues
Authors: Temme F P 
Published: September 2002

A direct systematic approach is given to the derivation of outer M-labelled {|IM(.)>} dual (spin) irrep sets for identical n [Formula: see text] 12-fold higher Ii nuclear spin ensembles, stressing (i) the essential role of multipartite partitions in spin physics, (ii) the value of algorithmic tableaux-based decompositions in the subsequent [Formula: see text]n combinatorical modelling, and (iii) how the dual group invariants (based on time-reversal invariance) govern the auxiliary labels of specialized dual tensors. Such (uniform inner rank) dual group basis sets (spin representations) underlie both NMR and isotopomer CNP spectral weightings. Specific applications are discussed here to illustrate the value of number partitional-based designs for statistical frequencies and recent algorithmic "sst" ([Formula: see text]n)-encoding techniques in quantized spin physics of uniform higher spin sets. In addition, a democratic recoupled form of purely SU(2) × [Formula: see text]2n projective modelling for the dual group invariants (SI) is given via an augmented democratic form of Weyl time-reversal invariance (TRV), over some regular solid geometry. From simple lattice-point geometric constraints, a maximal (2n)-index limit is established for global NMR ensemble spin symmetry. PACS Nos.: 02.10De, 02.20-a, 05.36Ch, 11.30Er, 33.25+k, 33.20Vq
Asymptotic behavior of the eigenenergies of anharmonic oscillators V(x) = x2N + bx2
Authors: Nanayakkara A , Bandara V 
Published: September 2002

Analytic semiclassical energy expansions of the anharmonic oscillator V(x) = x2N + bx2 are obtained for arbitrary N. These expressions contain the parameters b and N of the potential explicitly. Analytic expressions for energy level spacing are obtained and used to study the behavior of the eigenenergy level spacing for large energies. These expressions show that asymptotic energy level spacing of the potential V(x) = x2N + bx2 increases with the coupling strength b for N = 2 and 3, whereas it decreases for N > 3. Validity of the asymptotic expansions for noninteger N is discussed. PACS Nos.: 03.65Ge, 03.65Sq, 02.30Mv
A simple explanation of the nonappearance of physical gluons and quarks
Authors: Hansson J 
Published: September 2002

We show that the nonappearance of gluons and quarks as physical particles is a rigorous and automatic result of the full, i.e., nonperturbative, nonabelian nature of the color interaction in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). This makes it, in general, impossible to describe the color field as a collection of elementary quanta (gluons). Neither can a quark be an elementary quantum of the quark field, as the color field of which it is the source is itself a source, making isolated noninteracting quarks, crucial for a physical particle interpretation, impossible. In geometrical language, the impossibility of quarks and gluons as physical elementary particles arises due to the fact that the color YangMills space does not have a constant trivial curvature. In QCD, the particles "gluons" and "quarks" are merely artifacts of an approximation method (the perturbative expansion) and are simply absent in the exact theory. This also coincides with the empirical, experimental evidence. PACS Nos.: 12.38Aw, 03.70+k, 11.15-q
Travelling-wave-type and stationary soliton solutions of the BransDicke equation
Authors: Dehghani M H , Shojania M 
Published: September 2002

Introducing the Lax pair, it is shown that the BransDicke equation is integrable for space-times with two commuting Killing vectors. Using the inverse-scattering method given by Belinskii and Zakharov, the n soliton solutions for the case of the time-dependent metric are introduced. Specially, the one and two travelling-wave-type solitonic solutions are obtained. Also it is shown that the method could be applied to the case of stationary axially symmetric space-times with two commuting Killing vectors. PACS Nos.: 04.20jb, 04.50+h
Time-domain study of transient fields for a thin circular loop antenna
Authors: Bishay S T , Sami G M 
Published: September 2002

The transient fields in the time-domain of a thin circular loop antenna on a two-layer conducting earth model are expressed in analytical form. In these expressions, the displacement currents both in the two-layer ground and in the air region are taken into consideration. The closed-form expressions of the time-domain are obtained as the inverse Laplace transform of the derived full-wave time-harmonic solution. These time-domain solutions are obtained as a summation of wave-guide modes plus contributions from branch cuts in the complex plane of the longitudinal wave number. Numerical examples are given to indicate the important features in the wave forms of the surface fields due to step and pulsed current excitation. These features provide the means of detecting the earth's stratification, measuring the overburden height, and determining the ratio of the conductivities of the layers. PACS Nos.: 41.20Jb, 42.25Bs, 42.25Gy, 44.05+e
Electromagnetic scattering by a dielectric sphere partially buriedin an infinte plane
Authors: Hamid A -K , Hamid M 
Published: September 2002

An analytical solution of the scattering problem of a plane electromagnetic wave scattered by a dielectric spherical scatterer residing or partially buried in an infinite perfectly conducting ground plane is formulated in conjunction with the method of images. With imaging, the geometry is replaced by two touching or overlapping dielectric spheres in the absence of the ground plane, but with the given incident plane wave and its plane-wave image to satisfy the boundary conditions on the ground plane in the original problem. Numerical results are presented for the normalized scattering cross section at an arbitrary height from the ground plane, at any specific angle of incidence, and different relative dielectric constants. PACS Nos.: 41.10H, 41.90
Unsteady hydromagnetic flow of a viscoelastic fluid with temperature-dependent viscosity
Authors: Aboul-Hassan A L , Attia H A 
Published: September 2002

The flow of a conducting, viscoelastic fluid between two horizontal porous plates in the presence of a transverse-magnetic field is studied. The plates are assumed to be nonconducting and maintained at two fixed but different temperatures. The fluid viscosity is assumed to be temperature dependent and the fluid is subjected to a uniform suction from above and injection from below. The motion of the fluid is produced by a uniform horizontal pressure gradient. The equation of motion and the energy equation are solved numerically to yield the velocity and temperature distributions. PACS Nos.: 44.05+e, 44.10+i, 44.15+a, 44.20+b, 4435+c, 47.11+j, 47.15-x, 47.15cb, 47.60+i, 47.65+a
Remarks on infrared dynamics in QED3
Authors: Boldo J L , Pimentel B M , Tomazelli J L 
Published: September 2002

In this work we study how the infrared sector of the interaction Hamiltonian can affect the construction of the S-matrix operator of QED in (2+1) dimensions. PACS Nos.: 11.55-m, 11.10Jj, 11.10Kk
Equilibration in an interacting field theory
Authors: Carrington M E , Kobes R , Kunstatter G , Pickering D , Vaz E 
Published: September 2002

We use a combination of perturbation theory and numerical techniques to study the equilibration of two interacting fields that are initially at thermal equilibrium at different temperatures. Using standard rules of quantum field theory, we examine the master equations that describe the time evolution of the distribution functions for the two coupled systems. By making a few reasonable assumptions we reduce the resulting coupled integral/differential equations to a pair of differential equations that can be solved numerically relatively easily and which give physically sensible results. PACS No.: 11.10W
The basis problem in many-worlds theories
Authors: Stapp H P 
Published: September 2002

It is emphasized that a many-worlds interpretation of quantum theory exists only to the extent that the associated basis problem is solved. The core basis problem is that the robust enduring states specified by environmental decoherence effects are essentially Gaussian wave packets that form continua of non-orthogonal states. Hence they are not a discrete set of orthogonal basis states to which finite probabilities can be assigned by the usual rules. The natural way to get an orthogonal basis without going outside the Schrödinger dynamics is to use the eigenstates of the reduced density matrix, and this idea is the basis of some recent attempts by many-worlds proponents to solve the basis problem. But these eigenstates do not enjoy the locality and quasi-classicality properties of the states defined by environmental decoherence effects, and hence are not satisfactory preferred basis states. This core problem is obscured by approaches that treat the universe as a quantum computer, but it needs to be addressed and resolved before a many-worlds-type interpretation can be said to exist. PACS No.: 03.65Bz
A supersymmetric model in three dimensions with two scalar fields
Authors: Gagné-Portelance M -P , McKeon D.G.C. 
Published: September 2002

We examine a supersymmetric model in three dimensions containing two massless scalar superfields Φ1 and Φ2. The most generalized renormalizable interaction is characterized by two coupling if there is a discrete symmetry Φ1 [Formula: see text] ± Φ2; the renormalization group functions are computed to lowest order for these couplings. It is found that asymptotic freedom for one of these couplings occurs in a region of coupling-constant space. PACS Nos.: 11.30Pb
The SchrödingerRiccati equation. The ground-state energy of Be I
Authors: Fraga S , de la Vega JM García , Fraga E S 
Published: September 2002

The SchrödingerRiccati equation has been used for the prediction of the ground-state energy of Be I. A statistical calculation yields a value of 14.670 hartree, with a maximum relative error of 0.02% (in absolute value) with respect to the exact energy of 14.667 36 hartree. PACS Nos.: 31.25Eb, 31.10+z, 02.70-c, 31.15Bs
RABBINIC MIDRASH: PUBLIC OR PRIVATE
Authors: Porton Gary 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper argues that Rabbinic Midrash is a definable literary phenomenon that has its primary locus within the Rabbinic schoolhouses of late antiquity. It argues against the claim that much of our current Rabbinic Midrash originated in the Rabbinic sermons of late antiquity. While some rabbis may have delivered sermons in synagogues or to the "community" in different public settings, we shall see that there are few specific indications of that fact. When we find rabbis within the context of synagogues, they most often are not delivering sermons. And when rabbis "preach" to the community, it is often in cities known for their Rabbinic academies. It therefore is unclear exactly to whom these "sermons" were delivered. Medieval and early modern sources indicate that Rabbinic sermons were a part of synagogue activity on Sabbaths as well as on special occasions, such as weddings and funerals. Even during these periods, however, the exact content of these sermons is in many cases far from certain. Also, changes that occurred within the Jewish communities and in their surrounding environments help to explain why Jewish sermons appear at that time. The existence of Rabbinic sermons during the medieval period accordingly does not testify to their presence in late antiquity.
THE SOCIAL TEACHING OF RABBINIC JUDAISM IN ISRAELITE CONTEXT
Authors: Neusner Jacob 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe social teaching of Rabbinic Judaism takes up the narrative of the Torah and recasts it into an account of the norms of Israel's social order. Its recapitulation of the Torah's story regulates relationships between Israelites and corporate Israel, among Israelites in their units of propagation and production, and between corporate Israel and the ever-present, always-sentient God. The details coalesce to yield a clear picture of an entire social order, its relationships and its points of stability and order. To treat any detail apart from its larger context is to miss its point. That point is, Rabbinic Judaism undertakes to realize in the everyday and here-and-now of the Jews' communal existence the imperatives set forth in the Torah for the formation of God's abode on earth.
A new score for postnatal clinical assessment of fetal maturity in newborn infants
Authors: Klimek R. , Klimek M. , Rzepecka‐Węglarz B. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractObjectives: To investigate the clinical repeatability of Klimek's method of fetal maturity assessment in newborns. Methods: A cohort of 800 consecutive singletons was assessed immediately after birth by a pediatrician, who was unaware of the infants’ gestational age. The assessment, according to Klimek's method, consisted of six criteria to evaluate posture and skin appearance, and each variable was scored from 0 to 2 points. After dividing the material into two identical groups, the results were compared with those obtained by means of Ballard's method. Results: Statistical analysis did not show statistically significant differences between the compared averages in both groups. A significant correlation between the clinically compared methods of fetal maturity grading was found (r≥0.69, t≥19, and P<0.001). Conclusions: Klimek's method of fetal maturity assessment offers a possibility of objective evaluation of maturity immediately after birth. The clinical methods used to date do not have such advantages. Moreover, they require the evaluation of 12–34 parameters, their point range is more complex and their results are given on the scale of 10–50 points. In each of the applied divisions of observed newborns, there was found a high, statistically significant correlation between the indexes evaluating maturity by means of both comparable methods (i.e. Ballard and Klimek scores), which do not take into account weight and fetal age, but refer directly to fetal maturity. The new scale, which has been proposed, is simple and produces comparable results encompassing full maturity in the range of only 6–12 points.
Treatment of cervical carcinoma in situ in HIV positive women
Authors: Williams F.S , Roure R.M , Till M , Vogler M , Del Priore G 
Published: September 2002

AbstractObjectives: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of hysterectomy vs. cone biopsy in HIV seropositive patients with carcinoma in situ of the cervix (CIS). Methods: We performed a retrospective case–control study of all HIV seropositive patients diagnosed with carcinoma in situ of the cervix from 1989 to 1995. A control group of HIV(–) women with CIS was also ascertained matched for date of diagnosis of CIS, race and age. Results: There were 439 patients with CIS, of which 45 were HIV seropositive (10.3%). Nine were treated by hysterectomy, 30 by cone biopsy, and six remained untreated. Overall, 63% of HIV(+) patients did not receive any follow‐up Pap smear (44% of hysterectomy patients, 50% of cone biopsy patients, and 83% of untreated patients; χ2 P=0.41). According to Pap smear results, 67% (10/15) cone biopsy patients and 60% (3/5) hysterectomy patients had an abnormal Pap smear after treatment (P=0.9). Median time to recurrence was 12 months in hysterectomy patients vs. 14 months in cone biopsy patients. Deaths occurred in 22% of hysterectomy patients, 17% of cone biopsy patients, and 50% of untreated patients, none due to cervical cancer. Median time to death from presentation was 27.5 months for hysterectomy patients, 11 months for cone biopsy patients, and 7 months for untreated patients (P<0.05). There were no complications in the hysterectomy group, however, two patients were readmitted after cone biopsy for bleeding. When compared to HIV(−) women with CIS, HIV(+) patients were more likely to be treated by hysterectomy (χ2 P=0.01). Conclusion: All patients diagnosed with CIS should be counseled regarding HIV prevention and testing because of a significant seropositive rate. Compliance with gynecologic follow‐up is very poor in this patient population. Special efforts should be made to enhance compliance. Cone biopsy and hysterectomy appear to be equally safe and effective in the treatment of CIS. CIS in HIV patients is a poor prognostic indicator for death from any cause.
Energy dissipation in body-forced turbulence
Authors: DOERING CHARLES R. , FOIAS CIPRIAN 
Published: September 2002

Bounds on the bulk rate of energy dissipation in body-force-driven steady-state
turbulence are derived directly from the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. We
consider flows in three spatial dimensions in the absence of boundaries and derive
rigorous a priori estimates for the time-averaged energy dissipation rate per unit mass,
ε, without making any further assumptions on the flows or turbulent fluctuations. We
proveε [les ] c1vU2/l2
+ c2U3/l,where v is the kinematic viscosity, U is the root-mean-square (space and time averaged)
velocity, and l is the longest length scale in the applied forcing function. The prefactors
c1 and c2 depend only on the functional shape of the body force and
not on its magnitude or any other length scales in the force, the domain or the flow. We also
derive a new lower bound on ε in terms of the magnitude of the driving force F. For
large Grashof number Gr = Fl3/v2, we findc3vFl/λ2 [les ] εwhere λ = √vU2/ε is the Taylor microscale in the flow and the
coefficient c3 depends only on the shape of the body force. This estimate is seen to be
sharp for particular forcing functions producing steady flows with λ/l ∼ O(1)
as Gr → 1. We interpret both the upper and lower bounds on ε in terms of the conventional
scaling theory of turbulence – where they are seen to be saturated – and discuss them in the
context of experiments and direct numerical simulations.