bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiology meets archaeology: digital restoration and 3D printing using CT data
Authors: Frohwerk Emilia , Dürr Anna-Marie , Fiebich Martin , Zöller Nils , Mahnken Andreas H. 
Published: December 2023

Aim Archaeological objects are often recovered in blocks since highly porous materials and unstable and highly decayed objects cannot always be uncovered undamaged or time and resources for classic uncovering are lacking. Therefore, clinical computed tomography (CT) combined with freely available software solutions should be tested as a simple and fast method for visualizing and analyzing archaeological finds as an alternative to time-consuming restoration.
Materials and Methods As an example, a block with a shield boss was selected from a block excavation and examined by means of CT. Using the freely available software 3D-Slicer (https://www.slicer.org/), the shield boss and handle were segmented in the surrounding soil with different tools. They were then digitally reconstructed and then restored using Meshmixer (Autodesk Inc., San Francisco, CA). A 3D print was generated based on the reconstructed model of the shield boss.
Results The individual steps of CT examination of the block recovery, segmentation, reconstruction, and 3D printing were successfully performed. Based on the restored fragments of the shield boss, it was possible to date the object and to determine the initial properties of the find non-destructively without classic restoration.
Conclusion Radiological imaging combined with digital reconstruction and 3D printing makes it possible to determine decisive characteristics of the archaeological find before it is uncovered and restored, which is a time-consuming process. This opens up new opportunities for cooperation between radiology and archaeology for the evaluation and analysis of archaeological finds.
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Segmental quantification of hepatic lipid content based on volumetric MRI data in patients with suspected iron overload
Authors: Wunderlich Arthur P. , Cario Holger , Kannengießer Stephan , Grunau Veronika , Götz Michael , Hüttner Felix , Backhus Johanna , Beer Meinrad , Schmidt Stefan Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Purpose To investigate the segmental distribution of hepatic fat fraction, determined with MRI (MR proton density fat fraction, short MR-PDFF) in patients suspected of having liver iron overload.
Methods The liver of 44 patients examined with MRI using a 3D multi-echo gradient-echo sequence was segmented semiautomatically and subdivided into nine segments (segment 4 divided in 4a and 4b). Segmental fat content was determined on MR-PDFF maps. Whole-liver steatosis grades were compared to those found in individual segments. Segmental MR-PDFF differences were tested for statistical significance.
Results The most common diseases were thalassemia, various forms of anemia, and hereditary hemochromatosis. No patients suffered from fat metabolism disease. Iron overload was present in 37/44 (84 %) patients. For the whole liver, 22 patients showed a steatosis grade of 0, 21 patients were graded S1, and one patient had a steatosis grade of 2. The grade of steatosis was underestimated in 5 of 21 patients (24 %) in segment 8 and in 8 of 21 patients (38 %) in segment 7. Highly significant segmental MR-PDFF differences were detected with p < 0.00 001, e. g., comparing segment 2 to 5. Segments 1 to 3 had the highest fat content, segments 7 and 8 had the lowest.
Conclusion Our results suggest that the storage of fat in the liver is inhomogeneous, so that segment-wise differing fat concentrations were found. Fat distribution in patients with suspected hepatic iron overload was similar to living liver donors. However, it showed significant differences compared with the values published for NAFLD patients, which were less pronounced in the group with high average hepatic MR-PDFF values than in the group with normal lipid content. In patients suspected of having iron overload, segment 8, which is mainly targeted for biopsy, and segment 7 may underestimate steatosis grade.
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A Simple, Low-Cost and Effective Technique for Percutaneous Closure of a Coronary Artery Fistula: A Closed-Loop Balloon–Stent System
Authors: Şengör Büşra G. , Yılmaz Cemalettin , Zehir Regayip 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCoronary artery fistulas (CAFs), rare anomalies of coronary vasculature, often remain asymptomatic but can lead to complications necessitating intervention. We report a case of a 79-year-old man presenting with chest pain and dyspnea. Diagnostic workup revealed atrial fibrillation, severe mitral regurgitation, and a CAF connecting the circumflex artery to the left atrium. Given high surgical risk, percutaneous closure was chosen. Utilizing a closed-loop balloon–stent technique, a stent was positioned at the fistula's ostium, effectively ceasing flow. The patient was discharged after 5 days, reporting symptom relief at 3-month follow-up. Our experience demonstrates the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of this technique, which can be readily implemented using standard materials available in catheterization laboratories. The closed-loop balloon–stent method offers a compelling alternative to surgical closure, particularly in patients with elevated surgical risks. This technique holds advantages over other percutaneous methods, such as coil embolization or vascular plug, due to its simplicity, affordability, and lower risk of coronary thrombosis. In conclusion, percutaneous closure with the closed-loop balloon–stent technique presents a viable approach for managing symptomatic CAFs, offering an attractive option for patients with limited surgical options. This method's practicality and affordability render it an appealing alternative in appropriate cases, highlighting its potential to improve patient outcomes and enhance overall management strategies.
The art of rhetoric: persuasive strategies in Biden’s inauguration speech: a critical discourse analysis
Authors: Al-Khawaldeh Nisreen N. , Rababah Luqman M. , Khawaldeh Ali F. , Banikalef Alaeddin A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research investigated the main linguistic strategies used in President Biden’s inauguration speech presented in 2021. Data were analyzed in light of Fairclough’s CDA framework: macro-structure (thematic)—intertextually; microstructure in syntax analysis (cohesion); stylistic (lexicon choice to display the speaker’s emphasis); and rhetoric in terms of persuasive function. The thematic analysis of the data revealed that Biden used certain persuasive strategies including creativity, metaphor, contrast, indirectness, reference, and intertextuality, for addressing critical issues. Creative expressions were drawn highlighting and magnifying significant real-life issues. Certain concepts and values (i.e., unity, democracy, and racial justice) were also accentuated as significant elements of America’s status and Biden’s ideology. Intertextuality was employed by resorting to an extract from one of the American presidents in order to convince the Americans and the international community of his ideas, vision, and policy. It appeared that indirect expressions were also used for discussing politically sensitive issues to acquire a political and interactional advantage over his political opponents. His referencing style showed his interest in others and their unity. Significant ideologies encompassing unity, equality, and freedom for US citizens were stated implicitly and explicitly. The study concludes that the effective use of linguistic and rhetorical devices is important to construct meanings in the world, be persuasive, and convey the intended vision and underlying ideologies.
Reifying subaltern voices: a visual communication and figurative discourse of headloading practices in Nigeria
Authors: Morgan Trevor Vermont 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study provides an understanding of how headloading practice signifies subaltern voices in Nigeria and Africa, among others. The study has sought to interpret the practice of headloading drawing from its images and representations from selected sources, which include Facebook and catalogues of artwork. This interpretive study constructs meaning through a discursive insight around the social practice of headloading. It expands interpretation and ideological structures to include social, economic, and political applications of the headloading subject within the framework of visual discourse and metaphor. This study directs a rethinking of headloading while underpinning the notion of ‘subalternity.’ While not necessarily asking for abolishing the social practice of headloading, the study communicates an understanding that the social phenomenon is a constant symbol of class and power status that many Africans have experienced. Headloading further ‘metaphorises’ the interaction between developed and developing societies (the Global North and South), and underscores related imports of colonisation.
Prediction during spoken language processing in monolingual and multilingual children
Authors: Bosch Jasmijn E. , Foppolo Francesca 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Listeners use linguistic cues to anticipate upcoming words, but not all do so to the same extent. While we know
that monolingual children use prediction during spoken language processing from a young age and that adult L2 speakers may
sometimes be slower, very few studies have focused on bilingual or multilingual children. Moreover, previous research suggests
that literacy boosts anticipation in spoken language processing, but this has not been tested yet in bi/multilinguals. We
investigated linguistic prediction and its relation to reading and vocabulary skills in 38 eight- to twelve-year-old bilingual and
multilingual children who speak different heritage languages and Italian as the majority language, in comparison to 32 age-matched
monolingual Italian children. Using a visual world eye tracking method, we tested children’s ability to anticipate nouns based on
morphosyntactic cues (gender- and number-marked articles) in Italian. The results show efficient prediction in both groups,
although monolinguals were faster than bi/multilinguals. While we found a positive relation between predictive language processing
and reading in monolingual children, there were no reliable effects in bilingual and multilingual children. Future work is
required to better understand the relation between prediction and literacy in this population.
Style in speech and narration of two English translations of Hongloumeng
Authors: Chou Isabelle , Liu Kanglong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study examines the style of two English translations of Hongloumeng, by David Hawkes, and
Xianyi Yang and Gladys Yang. It makes use of multidimensional analysis to identify how the two translations differ in their
sub-registers (narration and fictional speech). The results reveal that the Yangs’ translation of narration is relatively more
narrative and context-independent, whereas Hawkes’ is more active and context-bound. Similarly, Hawkes’ translation of fictional
speech is more conversational and interactional and tends more towards the orality scale with a strong emphasis on the involvement
of fictional characters. In contrast, the Yangs’ translation of fictional speech tends to be more informational and explicit.
These stylistic differences reflect the translators’ conscious and/or unconscious choices, which are attributable to their
language backgrounds, translation strategies, and cultural stances. By taking sub-register variation and the functions of
linguistic features into consideration, the article outlines a new approach to investigating translation style.
The potential of provitamin A maize (
Zea mays
L.) biofortification in sub-Saharan Africa: Current status, opportunities, challenges and perspectives: A review
Authors: Mudadirwa Derek , Ndhlela Thokozile , Olakojo Samuel Adewolo , Gonhi Tinovonga 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Maize is a potential crop for improving food and nutritional security for over 300 million people in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It is the most preferred cereal crop in SSA because of its diversified uses, taste and higher grain yield potential compared to other cereals. However, overdependence on maize-based diets without vitamin A supplementation is associated with the highest rates of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in SSA. Vitamin A deficiency mostly affects children under the age of 5 years, pregnant and lactating women, accounting for the worst disease burden, and infant mortality in SSA. To date provitamin A maize breeding programmes of HarvestPlus partnered with CIMMYT and IITA, private seed companies and national plant breeding programmes developed at least 70 elite varieties to curb VAD in SSA. This review summarizes the potential of provitamin A maize in SSA focusing on (1) reasons why maize is a good choice for provitamin A biofortification, (2) the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in SSA, (3) the Global Hunger Index (GHI) and extent of hidden hunger, (4) possible interventions to curb vitamin A deficiency in SSA and their applicability, (5) status of the provitamin A maize varieties released, (6) level of adoption and consumer perception of provitamin A maize-based food, (7) the impact of climate change in maize productivity in SSA and (8) the breeding methods for developing provitamin A maize-resilient genotypes to mitigate the effects of climate change in SSA.
Tunable hydrogen evolution reaction of vacancy-defective MoSe2/WSe2 heterojunctions based on first-principle calculation
Authors: Chen Xi , Liu Huating , Zhang Shenrui , Qi Xiang , Zhong Jianxin , Huang Zongyu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal disulfides (TMDs) heterojunction is a very promising non-precious metal catalyst that has been widely used as a catalyst for hydrogen evolution reactions. In this paper, the effects of different positions of Se vacancies on the electronic structure and hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst of MoSe2/WSe2 heterojunction are investigated by first-principles calculations. After the introduction of vacancy, defect states appear between the conduction band bottom and the Fermi energy level of the heterojunction. This is more favorable for the electron transfer between H and the substrate. The results of the density of states calculations indicate that the defect states appear because the d orbitals of the transition metal atoms containing the Se vacancy layer hybridize with the p orbitals of the Se atoms. The differential charge density indicates that the Se vacancies promote the charge transfer of MoSe2/WSe2. In addition, calculations of the Gibbs free energy for the hydrogen evolution reaction of heterojunctions show that Se vacancies (especially the outer vacancies) enhance the electrocatalytic hydrogen precipitation performance of heterojunctions. The results provide a new way to regulate the hydrogen evolution properties of MoSe2/WSe2 heterojunctions.
Laser-induced graphene on cross-linked sodium alginate
Authors: Vićentić T , Greco I , Iorio C S , Mišković V , Bajuk-Bogdanović D , Pašti I A , Radulović K , Klenk S , Stimpel-Lindner T , Duesberg G S , Spasenović M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) possesses desirable properties for numerous applications. However, LIG formation on biocompatible substrates is needed to further augment the integration of LIG-based technologies into nanobiotechnology. Here, LIG formation on cross-linked sodium alginate is reported. The LIG is systematically investigated, providing a comprehensive understanding of the physicochemical characteristics of the material. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray analysis, x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques confirm the successful generation of oxidized graphene on the surface of cross-linked sodium alginate. The influence of laser parameters and the amount of crosslinker incorporated into the alginate substrate is explored, revealing that lower laser speed, higher resolution, and increased CaCl2 content leads to LIG with lower electrical resistance. These findings could have significant implications for the fabrication of LIG on alginate with tailored conductive properties, but they could also play a guiding role for LIG formation on other biocompatible substrates.
A study of 2D GeI2/InTe van der Waals hetero bilayer as a photocatalyst material
Authors: Khengar S J , Parmar P R , Modi Nidhi , Thakor P B 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The computational study of the van der Waals hetero (vdW) bilayer GeI2/InTe has been carried out in present study. The isolated monolayer GeI2 and InTe have been studied first and the results were compared to the previous studies. The possible stackings are considered after the vdW interaction correction is applied in the structure relaxation. The vdW hetero bilayer stability has been checked from the phonon dispersion and ab initio Molecular Dynamics calculations. The charge transfer from InTe to GeI2 monolayer. Type-II indirect band gap (1.98, 2.01 eV) is verified by the projected band structure and band alignment calculations. The vdW hetero bilayer is a superior photocatalyst for the pH value up to pH = 0 to 11. The optical properties are calculated from the complex dielectric constant. The absorption coefficient shows the enhance absorption of light in the visible and ultraviolet regions. The vdW hetero bilayer has shown low reflectivity (37%) and a high refractive index (2.80) in the visible region. The enhanced optical properties have shown its possible applications in optoelectronic devices.
Durable nonenzymatic electrochemical sensing using silver decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes for uric acid detection
Authors: Anshori Isa , Ula Linta Rahmatul , Asih Geolita Ihsantia Ning , Ariasena Eduardus , Uperianti  , Raditya Aldyla Nisa , Mulyaningsih Yhana , Handayani Murni , Purwidyantri Agnes , Prabowo Briliant Adhi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate a facile, durable and inexpensive technique of producing silver nanoparticles-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT/AgNP) on the easy-to-use screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) for non-enzymatic detection of uric acid (UA) in an electrochemical sensor. The developed sensors show great durability for three months in storage, and high specificity performance for preclinical study using spiked UA in a synthetic urine sample. A simple route for this hybrid nanocomposite was proposed through an oxidation–reduction with reflux (ORR) process. A significant increase in the electroactive surface area of SPCE was achieved by modifying it with MWCNT/AgNP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed this synthesis. The nanocomposite nanostructure electrodes achieved an outstanding UA detection with sensitivity of 0.1021 μA μM−1 and a wide dynamic range of 10–1000 μM. In phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), the measurements achieved a detection limit of 84.04 nM while in pure synthetic urine; it was 6.074 μM. The constructed sensor exhibits excellent stability and durability for several months, and great specificity against interfering compounds, including dopamine (DA), urea, and glucose. Overall, the present outcomes denote the potential of MWCNT/AgNP-decorated SPCE for early uric acid diagnostics tools in health monitoring.
Scalable synthesis of N/S co-doped hard carbon microspheres as a high-performance anode material for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Zifang , Huang Bin , Lai Tingmin , Sheng Ao , Zhong Shengkui , Yang Jianwen , Li Yanwei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hard carbon is a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its abundance. However, it exhibits low reversible capacity and slow kinetics if inappropriate microstructural features are developed during synthesis. Herein, N/S co-doped phenolic resin-based hard carbon microspheres are prepared by a scalable strategy, and the electrochemical performance is assessed both in half cells and full cells. We demonstrate that the expanded interlayer spacing, the increased active sites, and the enhanced capacitive behavior result in the enhanced reversible capacity and promoted kinetics for Na+ storage. The sample with appropriate doping amount exhibits an initial charge capacity of 536.8 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and maintains 445.9 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at a current density of 1 A g–1 in a Na-metal half cell. Coupled with a carbon-coated Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 (NFPP) cathode, the full cell exhibits a capacity of 92.5 mAh g−1 after 90 cycles, with a capacity retention of 91.6%. This work provides a facile and scalable method for synthesizing high-performance hard carbon anode materials for SIBs.
RuSe2/CeO2 heterostructure as a novel electrocatalyst for highly efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution
Authors: Li Nan , Huo Lanlan , Dong Qian , Zhu Bin , Huang Liangqi , Ma Jiangquan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Constructing heterojunction to adjust the electronic structure of catalysts is a promising strategy for synergistically improving electrocatalytic activity. In addition, RuSe2 is recognized as an effective alternative to Pt for boosting alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on account of its outstanding catalytic properties. Herein, novel RuSe2/CeO2 heterojunction electrocatalysts are fabricated through hydrothermal and thermal treatment methods. The optimal 50% RuSe2/CeO2 heterojunction electrocatalyst exhibits a low HER overpotential of 16 mV to attain 10 mA cm−2 current density and Tafel slope of 66.1 mV dec−1 for hydrogen evolution in 1.0 M KOH. At the same time, the 50% RuSe2/CeO2 heterojunction electrocatalyst also maintains a stable HER activity for 50 h or 3000 CV cycles. The experimental results show that formation of heterogeneous interface between RuSe2 and CeO2 results in the redistribution of electrons at the RuSe2/CeO2 interface, thereby changing the electronic structure of RuSe2 and enhancing the performance of the RuSe2/CeO2 electrocatalyst. This work may provide a feasible way to design efficient hydrogen evolution heterojunction electrocatalysts by modulating the electronic structure in alkaline electrolytes.
Conventional and deep learning methods in heart rate estimation from RGB face videos
Authors: Helwan Abdulkader , Azar Danielle , Ma’aitah Mohamad Khaleel Sallam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Contactless vital signs monitoring is a fast-advancing scientific field that aims to employ monitoring methods that do not necessitate the use of leads or physical attachments to the patient in order to overcome the shortcomings and limits of traditional monitoring systems. Several traditional methods have been applied to extract the heart rate (HR) signal from the face. Moreover, machine learning has recently contributed majorly to the development of such a field in which deep networks and other deep learning methods are employed to extract the HR signal from RGB face videos. In this paper, we evaluate the state-of-the-art conventional and deep learning methods for HR estimates, focusing on the limits of deep learning methods and the availability of less-controlled face video datasets. We aim to present an extensive review that helps the various approaches of remote photoplethysmography extraction and HR estimation to be understood, in addition to their drawbacks and benefits.