bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demethylnobiletin ameliorates cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury in rats through Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Dan , Awad Ali Chyadmarzok Al , Tang Chuai , Chen Yunqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundDemethylnobiletin (DN), with a variety of biological activities, is a polymethoxy‐flavanone (PMF) found in citrus. In the present study, we explored the biological activities and potential mechanism of DN to improve cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats, and identified DN as a novel neuroprotective agent for patients with ischemic brain injury.MethodsRat CIRI models were established via middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Primary nerve cells were isolated and cultured in fetal rat cerebral cortex in vitro, and oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) models of primary nerve cells were induced. After intervention with DN with different concentrations in MCAO rats and OGD/R nerve cells, 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was used to quantify cerebral infarction size in CIRI rats. Modified neurological severity score was utilized to assess neurological performance. Histopathologic staining and live/dead cell‐viability staining was used to observe apoptosis. Levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in tissues and cells were detected using commercial kits. DN level in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of MCAO rats were measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, expression levels of proteins like Kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nfr2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1) in the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway, and apoptosis‐related proteins like Cleaved caspase‐3, BCL‐2‐associated X protein (Bax) and B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2) were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence.ResultsDN can significantly enhance neurological function recovery by reducing cerebral infarction size and weakening neurocytes apoptosis in MCAO rats. It was further found that DN could improve oxidative stress (OS) injury of nerve cells by bringing down MDA and ROS levels and increasing SOD and GSH levels. Notably, DN exerts its pharmacological influences through entering blood–brain barrier. Mechanically, DN can reduce Keap1 expression while activate Nrf2 and HO‐1 expression in neurocytes.ConclusionsThe protective effect of DN on neurocytes have been demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo circumstances. It deserves to be developed as a potential neuroprotective agent through regulating the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway to ameliorate neurocytes impairment caused by OS.
Genomic Insights on Global Journeys of Adaptive Wheat Genes that Brought Us to Modern Wheat
Authors: Sehgal Deepmala , Dixon Laura , Pequeno Diego , Hyles Jessica , Lacey Indi , Crossa Jose , Bentley Alison , Dreisigacker Susanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince its first cultivation, hexaploid wheat has evolved, allowing for its widespread cultivation and contributing to global food security. The identification of adaptive genes, such as vernalization and photoperiod response genes, has played a crucial role in optimizing wheat production, being instrumental in fine-tuning flowering and reproductive cycles in response to changing climates and evolving agricultural practices. While these adaptive genes have expanded the range of variation suitable for adaptation, further research is needed to understand their mechanisms, dissect the pathways involved, and expedite their implementation in breeding programs. By analyzing data across different environments and over time, Meta-QTL analysis can help identify novel genomic regions and facilitate the discovery of new candidate genes. This chapter reports on two previously unknown Meta-QTL regions, highlighting the potential for further exploration in this field. Moving forward, it will be increasingly important to expand our understanding of how genetic regions influence not only flowering time but also other developmental traits and their responses to environmental factors. Advances in gene-based modeling hold promise for describing growth and development processes using QTL and other genomic loci analysis. Integrating these findings into process-based crop models can provide valuable insights for future research. Overall, the study of adaptive genes and their impact on wheat production represents a vital area of research that continues to contribute to global food security.
Genome Sequences from Diploids and Wild Relatives of Wheat for Comparative Genomics and Alien Introgressions
Authors: Schoen Adam , Saripalli Gautam , Hosseinirad Seyedali , Sharma Parva Kumar , Kajla Anmol , Yadav Inderjit Singh , Tiwari Vijay 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBread wheat is an important food source worldwide, contributing ~20% of the caloric intake per person worldwide. Due to a domestication bottleneck and highly selective breeding for key traits, modern wheat cultivars have a narrow genetic base. Wheat production faces several challenges due to both abiotic and biotic stresses as well as changing climatic conditions and genetic improvement of wheat is generally considered to be the most sustainable approach to develop climate resilient cultivars with improved yield and end-use traits. Since wheat cultivars and landraces have been explored extensively to identify novel genes and alleles, one way to overcome these pitfalls is by looking into the proverbial treasure trove of genomic diversity that is present in wheat’s wild relatives. These wild relatives hold reservoirs of genes that can confer broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens, increase yield, provide additional nutrition, and improve dough quality. Genetic approaches and techniques have existed to introgress wild chromatin to bread wheat, as well as trace introgressions present in the germplasm for over 7 decades. However with the availability of NGS technologies, it is now easier to detect and efficiently integrate the genetic diversity that lies within wheat’s gene pools into breeding programs and research. This chapter provides a concise explanation of current technologies that have allowed for the progression of genomic research into wheat’s primary, secondary, and tertiary gene pools, as well as past technologies that are still in use today. Furthermore, we explore resources that are publicly available that allow for insight into genes and genomes of wheat and its wild relatives, and the application and execution of these genes in research and breeding. This chapter will give an up-to-date summary of information related with genomic resources and reference assemblies available for wheat’s wild relatives and their applications in wheat breeding and genetics.
Wheat Data Integration and FAIRification: IWGSC, GrainGenes, Ensembl and Other Data Repositories
Authors: Alaux Michael , Dyer Sarah , Sen Taner Z. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWheat data integration and FAIRification are key to tackling the challenge of wheat improvement. The data repositories presented in this chapter play a central role in generating knowledge and allow data exchange and reuse. These repositories rely on international initiatives such as (i) the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC), which delivers common genomics resources such as reference sequences, communal Web-based seminars and (ii) the Wheat Information System (WheatIS) of the Wheat Initiative (http://www.wheatis.org), which improves the interoperability and findability of the wheat data across the repositories.
Structural and Functional Annotation of the Wheat Genome
Authors: Choulet Frédéric , Wang Xi , Spannagl Manuel , Swarbreck David , Rimbert Hélène , Leroy Philippe , Lasserre-Zuber Pauline , Papon Nathan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWheat genome sequencing has passed through major steps in a decade, starting from the sequencing of large contiguous sequences obtained from chromosome-specific BAC libraries, to reach high-quality genome assemblies of a dozen of bread wheat varieties and wild relatives. While access to an assembled genome sequence is crucial for research, the resource that is mainly used by the community is not the sequence itself, but rather the annotated features, i.e., genes and transposable elements. In this chapter, we describe the work performed to predict the repertoire of 107 k high-confidence genes and 4 million TE copies in the hexaploid wheat genome (cultivar CHINESE SPRING; IWGSC RefSeq) and the procedures established to transfer the annotation through the different releases of genome assembly. Limitations and implications for building a wheat pangenome are discussed, as well as the possibilities for future improvements of structural annotation, and opportunities offered by novel approaches for functional annotation.
Genome Sequence-Based Features of Wheat Genetic Diversity
Authors: Zhang Xueyong , Appels Rudi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCommon wheat is a hexaploid species crop that is widely recognized as an important staple food crop. The establishment of a gold standard reference genome sequences of the well-studied CHINESE SPRING, and its progenitors (including Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides accession Zavitan, Triticum durum accession Svevo, Triticum urartu, Aegilops tauschii), in the last 5 years has dramatically promoted our understanding of wheat genome diversity and evolution through the resequencing of collections of wheat and its progenitors. In this chapter, we review progress in the analysis and interpretation of genome‑based studies of wheat focusing on geographic genome differentiation, interspecies gene flow, haplotype blocks, and gene diversity in breeding. We also consider approaches for efficiently discovering and integrating the genes and genome variations, hidden in Genebank collections, into wheat breeding programs.
Ancient Wheat Genomes Illuminate Domestication, Dispersal, and Diversity
Authors: Iob Alice , Scott Michael F. , Botigué Laura 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAncient DNA (aDNA) promises to revolutionise our understanding of crop evolution. Wheat has been a major crop for millennia and has a particularly interesting history of domestication, dispersal, and hybridisation, summarised briefly here. We review how the fledgling field of wheat archaeogenomics has already contributed to our understanding of this complex history, revealing the diversity of wheat in ancient sites, both in terms of species and genetic composition. Congruently, ancient genomics has identified introgression events from wild relatives during wheat domestication and dispersal. We discuss the analysis of degraded aDNA in the context of large, polyploid wheat genomes and how environmental effects on preservation may limit aDNA availability in wheat. Despite these challenges, wheat archaeogenomics holds great potential for answering open questions regarding the evolution of this crop, namely its domestication, the different dispersal routes of the early domestic forms and the diversity of ancient agricultural practices. Not only will this research enhance our understanding of human history, but it will also contribute valuable knowledge about ancient selective pressures and agriculture, thus aiding in addressing present and future agricultural challenges.
Gene Flow Between Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheat for Breeding Innovation
Authors: Mazzucotelli Elisabetta , Mastrangelo Anna Maria , Desiderio Francesca , Barabaschi Delfina , Maccaferri Marco , Tuberosa Roberto , Cattivelli Luigi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDurum and bread wheat are two related species with different ploidy levels but a high similarity between the common A and B genomes. This feature, which allows a continuous gene flow between the two species, can be exploited in breeding programs to improve key traits in both crops. Therefore, durum wheat, despite covering only 5% of cultivated wheat worldwide, also represents an asset for the genetic improvement of bread wheat. Tetraploid wheat, with a very large availability of wild and domesticated accessions, durum landraces, and cultivars, offers a large gene reservoir to increase the genetic diversity of A and B genomes in bread wheat. Moreover, thanks to the possibility of crossing durum wheat with Aegilops tauschii, synthetic hexaploid lines are generated which show a much larger genetic diversity also in the D genome compared to common wheat. The genome sequences of wild emmer, durum, and bread wheat provide power tools for gene cloning and comparative genomics that will also facilitate the shuttling of genes between tetraploid and hexaploid wheats.
Gravitoelectric dynamical tides at second post-Newtonian order
Authors: Mandal Manoj K. , Mastrolia Pierpaolo , Silva Hector O. , Patil Raj , Steinhoff Jan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present a gravitoelectric quadrupolar dynamical tidal-interaction Hamiltonian for a compact binary system, that is valid to second order in the post-Newtonian expansion. Our derivation uses the diagrammatic effective field theory approach, and involves Feynman integrals up to two loops, evaluated with the dimensional regularization scheme. We also derive the effective Hamiltonian for adiabatic tides, obtained by taking the appropriate limit of the dynamical effective Hamiltonian, and we check its validity by verifying the complete Poincaré algebra. In the adiabatic limit, we also calculate two gauge-invariant observables, namely, the binding energy for a circular orbit and the scattering angle in a hyperbolic scattering. Our results are important for developing accurate gravitational waveform models for neutron-star binaries for present and future gravitational-wave observatories.
Personalisierte Therapie des Phäochromozytoms
Authors: Schlegel Nicolas , Meir Michael , Reibetanz Joachim , Markus Christian , Wiegering Armin , Fassnacht Martin 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Phäochromozytom ist eine seltene, aber schwerwiegende Erkrankung der Nebennieren. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Darstellung und Diskussion aktueller Entwicklungen zum diagnostischen und therapeutischen Vorgehen beim Phäochromozytom.

Material und Methoden
Es wurde ein narrativer Übersichtsartikel auf Basis der aktuellsten Literatur erstellt.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Der Anteil von Phäochromozytomen als Tumoren adrenalen Ursprungs liegt bei etwa 5 % der zufällig entdeckten Nebennierentumoren. Die klassische symptomatische Triade aus Kopfschmerzen, Schwitzen und Palpitationen tritt nur bei etwa 20 % der Patientinnen und Patienten auf, während fast alle Patientinnen und Patienten mindestens eines dieser Symptome aufweisen. Die Diagnostik umfasst im ersten Schritt den biochemischen Nachweis der freien Plasmametanephrine oder alternativ fraktionierter Metanephrine im 24-h-Sammelurin. Erst im zweiten Schritt erfolgt ein Schnittbildverfahren (Computer- oder Magnetresonanztomographie) zur Lokalisationsdiagnostik. Eine funktionelle Bildgebung ist ebenfalls sinnvoll, um eine Metastasierung präoperativ zu erkennen. Eine genetische Testung sollte immer im Verlauf der Behandlung angeboten werden, da 30–40 % der Phäochromozytome mit genetischen Veränderungen assoziiert sind. Das Dogma der präoperativen α‑Blockade wird durch aktuelle Daten zunehmend infrage gestellt und in den letzten Jahren kontrovers diskutiert. Die minimal-invasive Entfernung des Nebennierentumors ist Standard, wobei transabdominelle und retroperitoneoskopische laparoskopische Verfahren als gleichwertig anzusehen sind. Die Wahl des minimal-invasiven Verfahrens hängt von der Expertise und Erfahrung des Operateurs/der Operateurin ab und sollte in erster Linie daran angepasst werden. Postoperativ ist eine individualisierte und regelmäßige Nachsorge wichtig.
Mechanical properties of ply-lam cross-laminated timbers fabricated with lumber and plywood
Authors: Yang Seungmin , Lee Hyunjae , Choi Gyuwoong , Kang Seoggoo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe mechanical properties of four ply-lam cross-laminated timbers (CLTs) containing a plywood layer were compared with those of glued laminated timber (GLT) and CLT. The bending, out-of-plane shear, and compression strengths were highest in the GLT, followed by the ply-lam CLTs and CLT. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) values for the three studied ply-lam CLT samples were 1–2.5 GPa higher than GLT; however, the modulus of rupture (MOR) of all ply-lam CLTs was 7.3–18.8 MPa lower than GLT. The length of the plywood product is 2,440 mm, and longitudinal bonding is required to manufacture ply-lam CLTs of length > 3 m. The prediction of bending capabilities by shear analogy was compared with the bending properties when joints were included. The performances of all the pilot-scale ply-lam CLT samples exceeded the predicted bending performance standards for MOE (10 GPa) and MOR (30 MPa) All samples exceeded 10 GPa and 30 MPa, based on projected and experimental data.
Nierenerkrankungen bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
Authors: Kellerer Monika , Wanner Christoph 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Nationale und internationale Fachgesellschaften publizieren Leitlinien zur Diagnostik und Verlaufsbeobachtung einer chronischen Nierenerkrankung bei Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2. Über die Kongruenz und Implementierung dieser Publikationen im klinischen Alltag wird jedoch selten berichtet.

Ziel der Arbeit
Diese Arbeit bietet einen Überblick über die Empfehlungen als Ausdruck des globalen Wissensstands und eruiert deren Umsetzung im deutschen Praxisalltag. Dazu wurde eine repräsentative Befragung erhoben.

Material und Methoden
Aktuelle Leitlinien wurden in Bezug auf Kongruenz der folgenden Aspekte verglichen: diagnostische Parameter, Testfrequenz und Empfehlungen zur nephrologischen Mitbetreuung. Die Ergebnisse wurden im nächsten Schritt mit den Antworten aus der Befragung verglichen. So war es möglich, die Umsetzung im deutschen Praxisalltag einzuschätzen.

Ergebnisse
Laut Empfehlungen sollten die geschätzte glomeruläre Filtrationsrate (eGFR) und das Albumin-Kreatinin-Verhältnis im Urin mindestens 1‑mal pro Jahr bei allen Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 bestimmt werden. Bei höhergradiger Niereninsuffizienz (ab Kidney-Disease:Improving-Global-Outcomes[KDIGO]-Stadium 3b mit eGFR < 45 ml/min/1,73 m2) bzw. Albuminurie (ab Stadium A2) sind eine häufigere Bestimmung sowie die nephrologische Mitbetreuung empfehlenswert; hier werden jedoch unterschiedliche Schwellenwerte und Frequenzen empfohlen. In der Auswertung der Fragebögen wurde die jährliche Bestimmung der eGFR in 96,5 % aller Fragebögen positiv beantwortet, die Bestimmung der Albuminurie in 77,2 %. Eine eGFR-getriggerte nephrologische Mitbetreuung wird von 19,6 % der nichtnephrologischen Praxen umgesetzt; die Albuminurie-getriggerte Mitbetreuung erfolgt in der Mehrzahl der Fälle.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die Messung der eGFR ist als Standard in Deutschland etabliert. Verbesserungspotenzial ergibt sich bei Albuminuriemessung, Häufigkeit der Testung und Zeitpunkt der nephrologischen Konsultation. Die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit wird von allen Leitlinien betont.
Kinderneurologische Untersuchung
Authors: Bonfert Michaela V. , Wagner Johanna , Jung Eva L. , Grosse Leonie , Lieftüchter Victoria , Gerstl Lucia , Heinen Florian 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Alltag von Klinik und Praxis ist der neurologische Status eines Kindes wegweisend: für die differenzialdiagnostische Einordnung bei akuten oder chronischen Fragestellungen ebenso wie für die Beurteilung des Entwicklungsstandes. Die kinderneurologische Untersuchung entspricht einem hochinformativen, ganzheitlichen Zugang zum Kind als Person, seiner klinischen Fragestellungen und nichtorganspezifischen Entwicklung. Im Folgenden wird die alltagspraktische Umsetzung einer situations- und kontextgerechten Untersuchung mit 6 neurologischen Dimensionen vorgestellt. Zu Standardisierung der Untersuchung und Dokumentation der Befunde eignen sich die innovativen, visualisierenden Werkzeuge NeuroMap und Complexity Signature. Mit dieser Strukturierung wird die ärztliche Kompetenz in Untersuchung, Beurteilung und Entscheidungsfindung gestärkt, hohe Qualität in der Versorgung generiert, Orientierung zu Zeit- und Strukturplanungen gegeben sowie der Dialog zwischen Allgemein- und Neuropädiatrie betont.
The apex of the deep cartilage is a stable landmark to position the femoral tunnel during remnant‐preserving anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Keying , Meng Qingyang , Zhang Jingwei , Gao Yitian , Yang Yuping , Liu Ping , Wang Cheng , Ma Yong , Shi Weili 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate whether the apex of the deep cartilage (ADC) could help surgeons position the femoral tunnel accurately in remnant‐preserving anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR).MethodsIn the current retrospective cohort study, a total of 134 patients who underwent ACLR between 2016 and 2020 were included. The femoral tunnel position was located using ADC as the landmark. The patients were divided into two groups: the remnant‐preserving group (RP group, n = 68) underwent remnant‐preserving ACLR, and the nonremnant group (NRP group, n = 66) underwent traditional ACLR with remnant removal. Postoperatively, the femoral tunnel position was evaluated on 3D‐CT. The length from the ADC to the shallow cartilage margin (L) and to the centre of the femoral tunnel (l) and the length from the centre of the femoral tunnel to a low cartilage ratio in the direction from high to low (H) were measured.ResultsThe l/L values of the RP and NRP groups were both 0.4 ± 0.1 after rounding (n.s.), and the H values were 9.3 ± 1.6 mm and 9.3 ± 1.7 mm, respectively (n.s.). There was no significant difference in l/L or H between the two groups. The estimation plot also showed high consistency of H and l/L of the two groups. The inter‐ and intraobserver reliability of I, L, l/L, and H were almost perfect.ConclusionsThe apex of the deep cartilage is a good landmark for positioning the femoral tunnel in remnant‐preserving ACL reconstruction.Level of evidenceLevel III.
The lowest singlet states of hexatriene revisited
Authors: Guareschi Riccardo , Angeli Celestino 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe two lowest excited singlet states of trans-hexatriene and cis-hexatriene are studied by multireference perturbation theory approaches (NEVPT2 and CASPT2) in their quasi-degenerate version (QD-NEVPT2 and MS-CASPT2). For these states, we report spectroscopic properties such as the vertical and adiabatic excitation energies, some features of the topology of the potential energy surfaces (PES), and the emission energies. The theoretical vertical excitation energies for the $${2{\hspace{0.05cm}}{^1\textrm{A}_g^-}}$$

2

1

A
g
-

and $${1{\hspace{0.05cm}}{^1\textrm{B}_u^+}}$$

1

1

B
u
+

states of trans-hexatriene are found to be almost degenerate, with a value, $$\simeq$$
≃
5.5–5.6 eV, higher than that normally accepted in the literature, 5.2 eV and 5.1 eV, respectively. The $${2{\hspace{0.05cm}}{^1\textrm{A}_1}}$$

2

1

A
1

and $${1{\hspace{0.05cm}}{^1\textrm{B}_2}}$$

1

1

B
2

states of cis-hexatriene are also almost degenerate and are estimated to be at $$\simeq$$
≃
5.4–5.5 and $$\simeq$$
≃
5.5 eV, respectively, again higher than the accepted values. The adiabatic excitation energies to the $${2{\hspace{0.05cm}}{^1\textrm{A}_g^-}}$$

2

1

A
g
-

and $${2{\hspace{0.05cm}}{^1\textrm{A}_1}}$$

2

1

A
1

states can be observed experimentally (in particular for the cis isomer), and our results are in excellent agreement with the experimental values. On the contrary, the vertical excitation energies for these states are not directly observable in the experimental spectra and the “experimental” values are obtained by educated guesses. We show that the hypotheses underlying these guesses are not entirely grounded.