bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The readiness to implement digital humanities data curation of four institutional repositories in Indonesia
Authors: Laksmi Laksmi , Suhendra Muhammad Fadly , Shuhidan Shamila Mohamed , Umanto Umanto 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aims to identify the readiness of institutional repositories in Indonesia to implement digital humanities (DH) data curation. Data curation is a method of managing research data that maintains the data’s accuracy and makes it available for reuse. It requires controlled data management.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through a focus group discussion in September–October 2022, interviews and document analysis. The informants came from four institutions in Indonesia.

Findings
The findings reveal that the national research repository has implemented data curation, albeit not optimally. Within the case study, one of the university repositories diligently curates its humanities data and has established networks extending to various ASEAN countries. Both the national archive repository and the other university repository have implemented rudimentary data curation practices but have not prioritized them. In conclusion, the readiness of the national research repository and the university repository stand at the high-capacity stage, while the national archive repository and the other university repository are at the established and early stages of data curation, respectively.

Research limitations/implications
This study examined only four repositories due to time constraints. Nonetheless, the four institutions were able to provide a comprehensive picture of their readiness for DH data curation management.

Practical implications
This study provides insight into strategies for developing DH data curation activities in institutional repositories. It also highlights the need for professional development for curators so they can devise and implement stronger ownership policies and data privacy to support a data-driven research agenda.

Originality/value
This study describes the preparations that must be considered by institutional repositories in the development of DH data curation activities.
Determination of library staff skills to enhance visibility of intellectual output in Nigerian universities
Authors: Emezie Nkeiru A. , Chukwu Scholastica A.J. , Nwaohiri Ngozi M. , Emerole Nancy , Bernard Ijeoma I. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
University intellectual output such as theses and dissertations are valuable resources containing rigorous research results. Library staff who are key players in promoting intellectual output through institutional repositories require skills to promote content visibility, create wider outreach and facilitate easy access and use of these resources. This study aims to determine the skills of library staff to enhance the visibility of intellectual output in federal university libraries in southeast Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey research design was adopted for the study. The questionnaire was used to obtain responses from library staff on the extent of computer skills and their abilities for digital conversion, metadata creation and preservation of digital content.

Findings
Library staff at the university libraries had high skills in basic computer operations. They had moderate skills in digital conversion, preservation and storage. However, they had low skills in metadata creation.

Practical implications
The study has implications for addressing the digital skills and professional expertise of library staff, especially as it concerns metadata creation, digital conversion, preservation and storage. It also has implications for the university management to prioritize the training of their library staff in other to increase the visibility of indigenous resources and university Web ranking.

Originality/value
This study serves as a lens to identify library staff skill gaps in many critical areas that require expertise and stimulate conscious effort toward developing adequate skills for effective digital information provision. It sheds light on the challenges that many Nigerian university libraries face in their pursuit of global visibility and university Web ranking.
Exchange on subject pedagogy during lesson study in initial teacher education
Authors: Bakker Carien , Vries Siebrich de , de Glopper Kees 
Published: November 2023

Purpose This exploratory study investigates the extent to which lesson study (LS) in initial teacher education (ITE) teams address subject-pedagogical aspects during their conversations and what subject-pedagogical aspects are addressed.Design/methodology/approach The two-case design of the study – one LS team in ITE comprised of an ST and experienced teachers and one comprised of an ST and novice teachers – is aimed to discover similarities and variations in their focus of attention.Findings The conversations of both LS teams were to a large degree about subject-pedagogical aspects. Both teams paid relatively less attention to discussing the themes “subject matter” and “learning objectives” and more to “pupils” learning and “teacher activities.” Concerning the theme of “pupils” learning, the LS team with experienced teachers focused more than the novice LS team on discussing the aspects “pupils” initial situation and “expected learning behavior.” The novice LS team focused more than the experienced team on discussing their observations of individual pupils' thinking.Originality/value The results indicate that LS in ITE with a mix of ST and experienced teachers can facilitate exchange on subject-pedagogical aspects of the research lesson. This may help develop and deepen the subject-pedagogical knowledge, views and routines of STs. The differences found between the two LS teams provide starting points for differentiation in the support of LS teams in ITE. Follow-up research could focus on the questions of whether and how LS teams in ITE bring more coherence to their attention for subject-pedagogical aspects of the lesson.
Genome sequence and characterisation of a freshwater photoarsenotroph, Cereibacter azotoformans strain ORIO, isolated from sediments capable of cyclic light–dark arsenic oxidation and reduction
Authors: Mehić Sanjin , Saltikov Chad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA freshwater photosynthetic arsenite‐oxidizing bacterium, Cereibacter azotoformans strain ORIO, was isolated from Owens River, CA, USA. The waters from Owens River are elevated in arsenic and serve as the headwaters to the Los Angeles Aqueduct. The complete genome sequence of strain ORIO is 4.8 Mb genome (68% G + C content) and comprises two chromosomes and six plasmids. Taxonomic analysis placed ORIO within the Cereibacter genus (formerly Rhodobacter). The ORIO genome contains arxB2AB1CD (encoding an arsenite oxidase), arxXSR (regulators) and several ars arsenic resistance genes all co‐localised on a 136 kb plasmid, named pORIO3. Phylogenetic analysis of ArxA, the molybdenum‐containing arsenite oxidase catalytic subunit, demonstrated photoarsenotrophy is likely to occur within members of the Alphaproteobacteria. ORIO is a mixotroph, oxidises arsenite to arsenate (As(V)) photoheterotrophically, and expresses arxA in cultures grown with arsenite. Further ecophysiology studies with Owens River sediment demonstrated the interconversion of arsenite and As(V) was dependent on light–dark cycling. arxA and arrA (As(V) respiratory reductase) genes were detected in the light–dark cycled sediment metagenomes suggesting syntrophic interactions among arsenotrophs. This work establishes C. azotoformans str. ORIO as a new model organism for studying photoarsenotrophy and light–dark arsenic biogeochemical cycling.
Why are individuals unwilling to report corruption? An inquiry into perception‐based definitions of corruption and employment‐related factors
Authors: Clemente Felippe , de Sousa Luís , Rego Raquel , Calca Patrícia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite the increasing interest and investment in whistle‐blowing regulations, policies, and mechanisms, people are still hesitant to report corruption. The existing literature explaining what deters people from reporting serious wrongdoing predominantly concentrates on either organisational factors or personal motivations. Only a limited number of studies integrate objective and subjective individual‐level constraints on whistle‐blowing. Using original survey data from Portugal, this article investigates two sets of individual‐level factors that explain the reluctance to report corruption: employment‐related characteristics (objective constraints) and perception‐based definitions of corruption (subjective constraints). A regression analysis of the survey data reveals that individuals working in the private sector are less inclined to report corruption compared to public officials. This finding underscores the significance of job security in influencing people's willingness to report corruption. The results also indicate that individuals with a minimalist definition of corruption, perceiving it solely as a legal offence, are more hesitant to report corruption. This finding supports the notion that whistle‐blowing policies should not be limited to reporting blatant legal violations instead of any suspected wrongdoing of corporate or public significance. Our study emphasises the need for whistle‐blowing policies to not only establish secure and visible mechanisms for reporting serious wrongdoing within organisations, but also to raise awareness of how social norms and job security can impact individuals’ decisions to report such occurrences. This article contributes to whistle‐blowing and governance research by shedding light on how perception‐based definitions and judgements of corruption, as well as employment‐related factors, can influence individuals’ willingness or unwillingness to report corruption.Points for practitioners
Job precariousness and limited understanding of corruption are two key factors that limit individuals’ willingness to report corruption.
Policies and measures aimed at improving work conditions and ethical climate within organisations may be more effective in encouraging whistle‐blowing than solely improving formal reporting mechanisms.
Further research is needed to explore individual‐level factors for reporting corruption in different types of organisations and sectors, along with more specific information about whistle‐blowing policies and mechanisms.
Implementing effective whistle‐blowing policies and mechanisms requires not only adopting laws but also creating the institutional conditions and motivating individuals to report corruption, which may require commitment and contextual knowledge from top leadership.
Investigation of the role of perceived access to primary care in mediating and moderating racial and ethnic disparities in chronic disease control in the veterans health administration
Authors: Shannon Evan Michael , Steers W. Neil , Washington Donna L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the role of patient‐perceived access to primary care in mediating and moderating racial and ethnic disparities in hypertension control and diabetes control among Veterans Health Administration (VA) users.Data Source and Study SettingWe performed a secondary analysis of national VA user administrative data for fiscal years 2016–2019.Study DesignOur primary exposure was race or ethnicity and primary outcomes were binary indicators of hypertension control (<140/90 mmHg) and diabetes control (HgbA1c < 9%) among patients with known disease. We used the inverse odds‐weighting method to test for mediation and logistic regression with race and ethnicity‐by‐perceived access interaction product terms to test moderation. All models were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, rurality, education, self‐rated physical and mental health, and comorbidities.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsWe included VA users with hypertension and diabetes control data from the External Peer Review Program who had contemporaneously completed the Survey of Healthcare Experience of Patients‐Patient‐Centered Medical Home. Hypertension (34,233 patients) and diabetes (23,039 patients) samples were analyzed separately.Principal FindingsAfter adjustment, Black patients had significantly lower rates of hypertension control than White patients (75.5% vs. 78.8%, p < 0.01); both Black (81.8%) and Hispanic (80.4%) patients had significantly lower rates of diabetes control than White patients (85.9%, p < 0.01 for both differences). Perceived access was lower among Black, Multi‐Race and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders compared to White patients in both samples. There was no evidence that perceived access mediated or moderated associations between Black race, Hispanic ethnicity, and hypertension or diabetes control.ConclusionsWe observed disparities in hypertension and diabetes control among minoritized patients. There was no evidence that patients' perception of access to primary care mediated or moderated these disparities. Reducing racial and ethnic disparities within VA in hypertension and diabetes control may require interventions beyond those focused on improving patient access.
Post‐dam construction and livelihood revitalization of affected communities at Ghana's Bui dam
Authors: Owusu Kwadwo , Obour Peter Bilson , Asiedu Alex Boakye , Dye Barnaby Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEvidence around dam building worldwide has revealed that the impacts of dam projects can make the livelihoods of the project‐affected people worse off several years after the dam is commissioned. Despite six decades of Ghana's dam building experience, there is paucity of information on the impact of new programs implemented during post‐dam construction on local livelihoods. This study filled in the gap by examining whether the new livelihood enhancement programs introduced by the Bui Power Authority (BPA) at the Bui dam have revitalized local livelihood activities that had been disrupted by the dam construction and resettlement processes. Explorative qualitative data were collected through key informant interviews (KIIs), focus group discussions (FGDs), and field observation in the seven resettled communities at Bui and Jama Resettlement Townships and in three non‐resettled communities at the Bui dam area, including the host community. Purposive sampling was used to select a total of 130 participants for the KIIs and FGDs. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis approach. Results showed that, in general, the new livelihood support programs in the resettled communities such as cage aquaculture production, weaving, and pottery have positively impacted the socioeconomic livelihood activities of the resettlers in recent years compared to the period soon after resettlement. However, low crop yields due to poor soil fertility and small size of farmlands, lack of appropriate equipment to fish on the open water, and land compensation delays were reported to be undermining the livelihood revitalization efforts of the BPA. For effective revitalization of socioeconomic livelihood activities, the new programs should be more inclusive to cover the elderly, the host community, and possibly the neighboring communities instead of its current tilt toward the youth and the resettled communities. The findings showed the persistent impacts of dams on local population and highlighted how livelihood programs could revitalize local socioeconomic livelihood activities. The study contributed to addressing the conceptual question on whether it is possible for livelihood activities of project‐affected people to be reconstructed several years after disruption.
CBCT in contemporary endodontics
Authors: Chan F , Brown LF , Parashos P 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a three‐dimensional imaging modality which can aid endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. While there are guidelines available describing the indications, there are divergent philosophies on when this technology should be applied in clinical practice. This paper reviews the applications of CBCT including the clinical relevance of parameters which can be assessed, highlights the limitations of this technology, and provides guidance on how to maximise its clinical utility.
Between Migration and Exile: Muslim Women's Geographies of Citizenship in India
Authors: Mehdi Wajiha 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of India's 2019 Islamophobic Citizenship Amendment Act, this article is based on ethnographic research with young Muslim women from Aligarh which aimed to show that their narratives of displacement and exclusion from citizenship inspired their search for belonging and enabled them to reinscribe spaces with their own, marginalised, but nonetheless real, projects of belonging. From exclusion and debasement springs new imagination of belonging: this is my finding. Drawing on intersectional feminist writings, postcolonial and critical Muslim studies, I propose that Muslim women's geographies become forms of contestation of the national project producing non‐citizens. In this context, I trace the interconnections between physical and spiritual geographies to show us how Muslim women continue to carve space for themselves.
The precautionary principle in public health emergency regime: Ethical and legal examinations of Vietnamese and global response to COVID‐19
Authors: Doan Hai , Nie Jing‐Bao , Fenton Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResponses to the COVID‐19 pandemic have been widely criticized for being too delayed and indecisive. As a result, the precautionary principle has been endorsed, applauded, and proposed to guide future responses to global public health emergencies. Drawing from controversial issues in response to COVID‐19, especially in Vietnam, this paper critically discusses some key ethical and legal issues of employing the precautionary principle in public health emergencies. Engaging with discussions concerning this principle, especially in environmental law where the precautionary principle first appeared as a guiding principle with objective content(s), this paper formulates the precautionary principle as ‘in dubio pro salus’, which is about advising, justifying and demanding states to proactively prepare for scenarios arising out of any public health emergency. It distinguishes the precautionary principle into moderate and hard versions. A moderate version largely takes a holistic approach and fulfils a series of criteria specified in this paper, while a hard version either permits restrictive measures to be deployed primarily on a hypothetic basis or expresses an instrumental mentality. The hard version should be rejected because of the ethical and legal problems it raises, including risk‐risk tradeoffs, internal paradoxes, unjustified causing of fear and unreasonable presupposition. Ultimately, this paper defends the moderate version.
Degeneration of olivospinal tract in the upper cervical spinal cord of multiple system atrophy patients: Reappraisal of Helweg's triangular tract
Authors: Ando Takashi , Riku Yuichi , Akagi Akio , Miyahara Hiroaki , Uematsu Takashi , Aiba Ikuko , Sone Jun , Katsuno Masahisa , Yoshida Mari , Iwasaki Yasushi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultiple system atrophy (MSA) is an adult‐onset neurodegenerative disorder that presents with variable combinations of autonomic dysfunction, cerebellar ataxia, parkinsonism, and pyramidal signs. The inferior olivary nucleus is targeted in MSA, with a phenotype of olivopontocerebellar atrophy in particular, and involvement of the olivocerebellar tract is well known. However, degeneration of the olivospinal tract has not been studied in MSA. We examined 97 spinal cords from consecutively autopsied patients with MSA. Myelin staining revealed that 22 cords (22.7%) had small, bilateral, triangular‐shaped tract degeneration in the boundary of the anterior and lateral funiculi, which appeared continuously from C1 to C5. The anatomical pathway of the degenerated tract was consistent with the description of the olivospinal tract provided by Helweg in 1888. The MSA patients showing degeneration of this tract were younger at disease onset (average: 56.4 ± 8.7 years, range: 42–74), and had longer disease duration (average: 10.1 ± 4.8 years, range: 2–25) and more severe olivopontocerebellar changes compared to other MSA patients. Quantitative analyses revealed that patients with olivospinal tract degeneration had a lower neuronal density in the inferior olivary nucleus compared to other patients. Microglial density in this tract was negatively correlated with the neuronal density in the inferior olivary nucleus. The densities of glial cytoplasmic inclusions in the inferior olivary nucleus and in the olivospinal tract were strongly correlated with each other. Neurologically healthy controls (n = 22) and disease controls with Lewy body disease (n = 30), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 30), and progressive supranuclear palsy (n = 30) did not present the olivospinal tract degeneration. Our results indicate an impairment of the neural connection between the inferior olivary nucleus and the spinal cord in MSA patients, which may develop in a descending manner.
Longitudinal course of neurofilament light chain levels in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis—insights from a completed randomized controlled trial with rasagiline
Authors: Witzel Simon , Statland Jeffrey M. , Steinacker Petra , Otto Markus , Dorst Johannes , Schuster Joachim , Barohn Richard J. , Ludolph Albert C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeRasagiline might be disease modifying in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim was to evaluate the effect of rasagiline 2 mg/day on neurofilament light chain (NfL), a prognostic biomarker in ALS.MethodsIn 65 patients with ALS randomized in a 3:1 ratio to rasagiline 2 mg/day (n = 48) or placebo (n = 17) in a completed randomized controlled multicentre trial, NfL levels in plasma were measured at baseline, month 6 and month 12. Longitudinal changes in NfL levels were evaluated regarding treatment and clinical parameters.ResultsBaseline NfL levels did not differ between the study arms and correlated with disease progression rates both pre‐baseline (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) and during the study (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). NfL measured at months 6 and 12 did not change significantly from baseline in both arms, with a median individual NfL change of +1.4 pg/mL (interquartile range [IQR] −5.6, 14.2) across all follow‐up time points. However, a significant difference in NfL change at month 12 was observed between patients with high and low NfL baseline levels treated with rasagiline (high [n = 13], −6.9 pg/mL, IQR −20.4, 6.0; low [n = 18], +5.9 pg/mL, IQR −1.4, 19.7; p = 0.025). Additionally, generally higher longitudinal NfL variability was observed in patients with high baseline levels, whereas disease progression rates and disease duration at baseline had no impact on the longitudinal NfL course.ConclusionPost hoc NfL measurements in completed clinical trials are helpful in interpreting NfL data from ongoing and future interventional trials and could provide hypothesis‐generating complementary insights. Further studies are warranted to ultimately differentiate NfL response to treatment from other factors.