bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
My Own Private Bungalow The Dynamics of Eclectic Home-Building
Authors: Hatcher Brian A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I would like to begin this chapter with an exercise in visualization. I ask the reader to form a mental image of a typical bourgeois homeowner from the recent American past. To assist us in our endeavor we might invoke the following suggestive passage from Walter Kidney’s study of eclecticism in American architecture:
Evaluation of Primary Care: A Population View
Authors: Starfield Barbara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The subjects for evaluation of primary care systems and programs are the same as those for study of the quality of care with the exception that they are focused on populations rather than on patients. These subjects include resource capacity and services delivery as well as outcomes (health status of the population). However, sources of data are different and the focus is on the general population rather than on an enrolled population or a population of users of facilities. In the context of general populations, two aspects merit special consideration: adequacy of primary care services delivery and evaluation of outcomes that are particularly in the province of primary care. (The important issue of equity is addressed in Chapters 14 and 18.)
Bakkhai
Authors: Gibbons Reginald , Segal Charles 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Regarded by many as Euripides' masterpiece, Bakkhai is a powerful examination of religious ecstasy and the resistance to it. A call for moderation, it rejects the temptation of pure reason as well as pure sensuality, and is a staple of Greek tragedy, representing in structure and thematics an exemplary model of the classic tragic elements. Disguised as a young holy man, the god Bacchus arrives in Greece from Asia proclaiming his godhood and preaching his orgiastic religion. He expects to be embraced in Thebes, but the Theban king, Pentheus, forbids his people to worship him and tries to have him arrested. Enraged, Bacchus drives Pentheus mad and leads him to the mountains, where Pentheus' own mother, Agave, and the women of Thebes tear him to pieces in a Bacchic frenzy. Gibbons, a prize-winning poet, and Segal, a renowned classicist, offer a skilled new translation of this central text of Greek tragedy.
The New Competitive Advantage in Apparel
Authors: Abernathy Frederick H , Dunlop John T , Hammond Janice H , Weil David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the late 1940s, Bond Stores, the largest men’s clothing chain at the time, created a sensation in New York City by offering a wide selection of suits with two pairs of pants instead of one, reintroducing a level of product choice not seen since before the war. When the line of hopeful buyers at its Times Square store stretched around the block, Bond had to impose a limit of two suits per customer. During World War II, the apparel and textile industries had been converted to supply field jackets, overcoats, and uniforms to the U.S. and Allied Forces. But in the years immediately following the war, returning soldiers, the end of rationing, and pent-up customer demand meant apparel was in short supply.
The Past as Prologue: Historical Background on the U.S. Retail, Apparel, and Textile Industries
Authors: Abernathy Frederick H , Dunlop John T , Hammond Janice H , Weil David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The emergence of textile, apparel, and retail enterprises in the United States is full of fascinating twists. In 1790, for instance, an act of industrial espionage is said to have launched the domestic textile industry, if not American manufacturing in general. At that time, Samuel Slater, a skilled mechanic, built the first successful water-powered yarn spinning mill in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Yarn was in short supply in the new country and much in demand in households that did hand weaving as well as in workplaces with looms that produced sheeting, shirting, and stockings for commerce. Some of the American states and improvement societies had even offered generous rewards for the establishment of water-powered combing and spinning, especially those based on state-of-the-art English Arkwright operations. But British law strictly prohibited the export of drawings, plans, or models of these new technologies. It took somebody like Slater-an indentured apprentice for over six years at the Arkwright and Strut’s plant in Milford, England-to ferry the plans to America.
The Sports Machine
Authors: Rojstaczer Stuart 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I’m a big fan of athletics, particularly baseball. I played a wide range of sports as a kid, but didn’t have the talent to pursue anything beyond intramural sports in college. The sports section is the first part of the newspaper that I turn to every day during the baseball season. But I also pay attention to college basketball, especially now that I live in a part of the country where basketball dominates the sports section every winter. I will even watch the occasional college basketball game on TV if I can find the time. So in the winter of my first year, when I got a call from my dean asking if I wanted a pair of tickets to that night’s basketball game, I gladly accepted.
Rolling the Dice
Authors: Rojstaczer Stuart 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Every once in a while, I fall prey to “End of the Golden Age Syndrome.” I look at my older colleagues and am filled with a mixture of envy and anger. I’m envious because I think that they had it so good. They had ample money for research and were greatly respected by the public at large. I get angry because I think that they are largely culpable for the relative lack of respect universities currently face in society. I have a laundry list of complaints about my older colleagues, both professors and administrators. They had a tendency to be inattentive to the educational needs of undergraduates. They seemed unable to comprehend just how lucky they were and became mired in petty politics. They decided to use the university as a tool for social political advocacy. They became so enamored of growth that they didn’t stop to examine just how bloated and expensive the enterprise had become. They developed an unwarranted sense of entitlement. If they would have been more responsible, universities would not be in such a mess today. Most of the time I think that blaming my colleagues for much of what is wrong is ridiculous. Whatever degree of truth is contained in such complaints, it is a waste of time to think about them. Sometimes, however, my emotions overflow.
The Medium of Attention: Location-Based, Object-Centred, or Scene-Based?
Authors: Tipper Steven P , Weaver Bruce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are two questions one can ask about selective attention. The first, and perhaps more basic question, concerns what functions it serves: Why does attention exist? The second question is more specific, and asks what the actual mechanisms of attention are. However, one’ s approach to answering the second question is entirely determined by how one answers the first. That is, until we understand what we are studying, there is little chance of making progress. This point has been made many times before, perhaps most forcefully by Marr (1982). He argued for the computational level of analysis, where the functions subserved by a system in an animal’ s normal environment are clearly defined.
Early American Origins of the Information Age
Authors: Brown Richard D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the nineteenth century a dynamic, innovative information culture emerged in the United States, one in which the production of print and oratory, and systems for their diffusion, came to set the pace for much of the world. In global terms this was an astonishing development, especially in light of the condition of British North America during the Colonial Period. Colonial society had been by European standards relatively crude, even backward: its population was thinly spread in a vast landscape, and there was a general scarcity of social and economic infrastructures and the capital to develop them. Information and transportation infrastructures were only beginning to grow, and they lagged far behind Britain. Whether one counts printing presses and associated industries such as papermaking, type founding, and bookbinding, or libraries, roads, and canals, the American colonies were a raw, frontier society when measured against England. Indeed, colonists relied more on the British information infrastructure than on anything their own settlements could muster for much of the eighteenth century. The American starting point was not especially promising. It is true that Europe’s most advanced information technology came early to the colonies. The Puritan stronghold, Massachusetts-Bay, imported a press into Cambridge in 1638, and thereafter sponsored a printer. But the purpose of this government-controlled press was limited to printing the laws of the colony, such religious works as the leading magistrates and clergymen thought necessary, and job-printing for the government and Harvard College.
Information Technology Management Since 1960
Authors: Nolan Richard L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Evolving from the earlier periods of electromechanical automated data processing (ADP) technologies described in chapter 6, the modern digital computer came into its own form of information technology during the period from 1960 to 2000. Heralded by the advances of the digital computer, Europeans are thought to have introduced the acronym IT, short for information technology. This term, which Americans rapidly adopted, signified digital convergence in data, voice, and video. Also during this time the organization continuously reinvented and assigned new functions to the computer as dictated by improved economics and organizational learning. Eventually these changes ac- cumulated so as to become an information revolution that changed the way companies structured and managed themselves. The Stages Theory, first proposed in 1973, has been widely used as a normative theory for the management of IT. The theory is based on the notion that the complicated nature of computer technology would produce a body of knowledge on the effective management of IT within an organization. As a result, the assimilation of computer technologies, and more broadly, information technologies, required bold experimentation, out of which emerged four stages of organizational learning.
CEO Succession
Authors: Carey Dennis C , Ogden Dayton , Roland Judith A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Whether precipitated by sudden tragedy, CEO performance issues, or a key executive simply going elsewhere or retiring, succession planning has become a front-burner issue in corporate boardrooms across the USA. For board members, CEOs, and anyone concerned about the quality of governance in corporate America, CEO Succession fills the need for a practical, best-practices roadmap that puts the board of directors squarely at the helm as the guiding force for ensuring the steady flow of effective leadership. Authors Carey and Ogden draw on personal interviews and their own behind-the-scenes work with the CEOs and directors of some of the leading companies in the world to articulate the field-tested strategies and techniques boards need to create a systematic and transparent planning process that promotes a seamless transition of leadership at every level in the organization. With an up-close look at such companies as Metropolitan Life, Hewlett-Packard, Mellon Bank, and GTE, CEO Succession shows how to put in place the key elements essential in the succession planning process: establish and sustain a reliable succession agenda and timetable; implement a self-renewing succession culture that develops leaders at all levels of management; create a healthy relationship between the Board and CEO that keeps the CEO on track; and benchmark internal candidates for CEO and other top posts with comparable outside leaders. With practical guidelines and experienced advice from leading consultants in this field, CEO Succession offers a long overdue antidote to what stakeholders, Wall Street, and the media have decried as a lack of board leadership in carrying out its fundamental fiduciary responsibility: ensuring the steady flow of effective leadership in Corporate America.
Putting a Process in Place
Authors: Carey Dennis C , Ogden Dayton , Roland Judith A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Prior to his departure as the CEO of Bell Atlantic in 1998, Ray Smith had developed two inside candidates, and through the acquisition of Nynex a third emerged as the successor. Smith’s choice—against the backdrop of the merger and turbulence in the industry—reflected his recognition of the need to link strategy and succession planning.
Though the quote from Smith was made specifically about corporate strategy, it couldn’t be more germane to the succession-planning process, which, as we will discuss, begins with an analysis of strategy. We’ve already established that succession can follow any one of a range of scenarios, depending on the particular circmstances and culture of a given company.
Striking the Right Balance Between the Board and the CEO
Authors: Carey Dennis C , Ogden Dayton , Roland Judith A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When it comes to choosing a successor, where does the CEO’s responsibility end and the board’s begin? To what extent is director involvement essential in ensuring that future corporate leadership is developed, and at what point does it become meddling? How much autonomy should a CEO be allowed before it becomes a matter of the board shirking its responsibility? Where is the proper boundary between management and governance? Trying to answer these questions requires recognizing that the relationship between the CEO and the board is as complicated as any in the corporate world.
The Delicate Matter of the “Number Two”
Authors: Carey Dennis C , Ogden Dayton , Roland Judith A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As we noted in the previous chapter, the relationship between the CEO and the board is a tricky one to manage. Equally delicate and critical to the success of succession planning efforts is the rela-tionship between the CEO and potential successors as well as the relationship between potential successors and the board. In this chapter we explore the complexities of these relationships and what works and what doesn’t. Companies that tread carefully when it comes to number twos send strong messages to their organizations about how executives are valued and are consequently much more likely to hold on to talent.
In Discordance with the Scriptures
Authors: Thuesen Peter J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The story of the translation of the Bible in America begins with the King James Version. In fact, many Americans thought of the KJV as the foundational text of the Republic, rather than a cultural inheritance from Anglican Britain. In the nineteenth century, however, as new editions of the Greek New Testament appeared, scholars increasingly recognized significant errors and inconsistencies in the KJV. This soon led to the Bible revision movement, whose goal was the uniting of all English-speaking Protestants behind one new, improved version of the Bible. Ironically, as Peter Thuesen shows in this fascinating history, the revision movement in fact resulted in a vast proliferation of English scripture editions and an enduring polarization of American Christians over versions of holy writ. This proliferation of translations, he argues, shows something important about contemporary attitudes toward scripture. Although the Bible is regarded as immutable, conservatives and liberals alike now believe the text must evolve to fit the needs of each era.
Introduction
Authors: Thuesen Peter J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A newspaper advertisement placed in late 1952 by the First Baptist Church of Babylon, New York, sounded a sentinel’s alarm: “Beware: Do Not Buy the RSV Bible for Christmas Because It Destroys the Virgin Birth.” The Revised Standard Version of the Bible, sponsored by the National Council of Churches, had just appeared amid great fanfare—President Harry Truman received his copy at a White House ceremony—yet conservative Protestants in Babylon were not feeling festive.
Scripture for the Ecumenical Church
Authors: Thuesen Peter J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The six decades from the completion of the Revised Version of the Bible in 1885 to the end of the Second World War significantly diminished the authority of the oldline denominational establishment to speak for all Protestants, much less for Americans as a whole. Currents from within and without eroded the standing of the churches whose financial and cultural capital had sustained the Bible revision movement of the 1870s. Within the Protestant denominations, the crusading evangelical liberals of the Progressive Era felt the stinging polemic of such conservatives as J. Gresham Machen, who having pronounced Christianity and liberalism incompatible, led a secession from Princeton Theological Seminary in 1929 to found Westminster Seminary in Philadelphia.
The Virgin Text
Authors: Thuesen Peter J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The problem of unholy Scripture—a Bible translated by Christians but nevertheless tainted by unorthodoxy—was a sober realization for conservative opponents of the RSV. Yet Protestantism itself did not possess obvious resources for the ecclesiastical regulation of the printed Bible. No American Protestant communion, save for the Episcopal Church, had a code of canon law, and certainly none had ever censored, in theory at least, the text of vernacular Scripture.
Epilogue
Authors: Thuesen Peter J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Two events in 1965 marked the end of an era in Bible translation. Among conservative Protestants, the NIV project was born at an interdenominational conference in Palos Heights, Illinois. Among liberal Protestants, the RSV Catholic Edition New Testament helped bridge a centuries-old rift with Rome. Although both endeavors represented important new ecumenical departures, both also signaled the decline of a nineteenth-century ideal of scientific, impartial translation.
The First New Age
Authors: Jenkins Philip 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Observers of the :1960s and 1970s believed that the Cited States was experiencing a sudden growth m occult and mystical ideas, in new religious practices and beliefs that often found their source in the great religions of Asia Agrarian and Asian ideas increased in popularity during these decades, they were in fact anything but new. As J. Gordon Melton has pointed out, virtually every aspect of the “new religious consciousness” was in place before 1900, as were most components of what would come to be known :b the New Age.1 Most of these ideas had deep historical roots-not, as enthusiasts sometimes claimed, back as far as Atlantis or ancient Egypt, but traceable at least to the last third of the nineteenth century. In what I have called the period of Emergence, between :1.910 and 1935, eccentric religious and mystical ideas became commonplace, providing rich opportunities for religious entrepreneurs. The result was an upsurge of small groups with innovative religious practices. Some of these groups would certainly count as cults according to both contemporary and modern definitions.
Choosing Strategies for a Jewish Future Survival
Authors: Susser Bernard , Liebman Charles S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Throughout history, the persecutions of the Jewish people have been central to their identity and to the cohesion of their religion and cultural heritage. But now, with the success of the Jewish State of Israel and the prosperity of Jews in the United States, the collective sufferings that have forged the Jewish identity are disappearing. The compelling question Bernard Susser and Charles Liebman ask in Choosing Survival is: Will this success paradoxically prove fatal to Judaism? Susser and Liebman paint a disturbing portrait of the decline of Judaism in both Israel and the United States and the various--and mainly ineffective--efforts to reverse that decline. In Israel, as Jews are increasingly drawn to cosmopolitan Western culture, Jewishness is in danger of being reduced merely to communal folkways, while political tensions between religious and secular Jews threaten to pull the state apart. In the U.S., assimilation and secularization is even harder to resist. Efforts to strengthen Jewish identity by claiming the U.S. is still anti-Semitic and by pointing to the Holocaust and the threats to Israel’s survival have not worked. The authors do, however, see a hopeful sign in Jewish Orthodoxy which, while not a viable solution to the problem, is successfully passing on its tenets and practices and attracting many non-Orthodox Jews. They identify several aspects of Orthodoxy that can be emulated by all Jews and hold the best hope for Jewish survival--its reverence for study, its ability to set and maintain boundaries, and its deep belief in community. For anyone concerned about the fate of Judaism and what it means to be Jewish, Choosing Survival is an impassioned, troubling, and essential book.
The Sense and Essence of Secularism
Authors: Sadri Mahmoud Sadri Ahmad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Fundamental Rift between Tradition and Modernity Modern humankind is profoundly and fundamentally different from its forebears. The difference is evident in the realm of ideas and worldviews as well as in action and life. Humankind has acquired different perspectives, altered expectations, and new patterns of behavior in every respect. As a result, the contemporary world seems to retain its past qualities only in the most superficial sense. Such notions as economy, morality, government, and money are analogous to jars filled with new wine.
Reason and Freedom
Authors: Sadri Mahmoud Sadri Ahmad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is no might or power save that which flows from the most high, the most expansive. It is heartening as well as liberating to freely attend a meeting of the freedom-seeking brothers and sisters of the university community in order to address the noble and worthy topic of freedom. We have all at least reflected on this important problem. Some ofus have gone beyond thinking to fight in the cause of freedom in the course of the revolution.
Tolerance and Governance
Authors: Sadri Mahmoud Sadri Ahmad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The article on “The Idea of Religious Democratic Government” [see chapter 8] alluded to a number of pivotal principles that are of cardinal significance to the architecture of religious democracy: The combination of religion and democracy is an example of the concordance of religion and reason. Thus, the efforts and experiments of religiously sympathetic thinkers in the latter domain will be of use in the former. It is evident that such attempts are at once religious, useful, and well-precedented. They are by no means tainted by antireligious intentions or treacherous tendencies to supplant religiosity with worldliness.
The Three Cultures
Authors: Sadri Mahmoud Sadri Ahmad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We Iranian Moslems are the inheritors and the carriers of three cultures at once. As long as we ignore our links with the elements of our triple cultural heritage and our cultural geography, constructive social and cultural action will elude us. I will later argue that our social thinkers and reformers have all seen themselves somehow entangled in these over­ lapping cultural webs and have sought to weave their way out of them. I will also argue that the immense cultural aberrations that have caused us to miss important historical opportunities originated in the confluence of these three cultures, with one aspect of our cultural heritage eclipsing others and thereby causing various obesities and ailments in the cultural physiognomy of our nation.