bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring Earth’s mean density using BYOD technology
Authors: Zdeshchyts A V , Zdeshchyts V M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BYOD (Bring your own devices) technologies are becoming more relevant in the educational process, when equipment that is “in the pocket” of a modern student is used in classes. BYOD technology becomes most effective if all students are provided with research equipments. But it is difficult to ensure such conditions in terms of distance learning during the war, the coronavirus pandemic, etc. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to be able to develop laboratory installations that each student can make on his own. As an example of the implementation of this principle, the article considers a physical installation and a method of conducting laboratory work: “Measuring Earth’s mean density using BYOD technology”, which allows physics students, geodesists, surveyors to determine for themselves that the Earth has a heavy core. The purpose of this article is to show that a smartphone is a powerful measurement tool that, in combination with BYOD technology, increases student learning opportunities, namely: makes laboratory practice not too difficult; provides an opportunity to conduct experiments both in the laboratory and remotely. The main result of the work is proving the fact that the use of BYOD technology in combination with modern measuring tools – smartphones equipped with appropriate applications allows (to solve) the problem of distance learning of students. As it shown by the results of measuring the Earth’s mass and density using BYOD technology, the values are consistent with the known ones obtained with more difficult to use and expensive technique. Along with the values of mass and density, the student receives other characteristics of the Earth: the value and slope of the induction vector of its magnetic field. Exceeding of the Earth’s mean density, which is equal to 5676 kg/m3 according to the results of experiments; the density of the main rock-forming minerals in the Earth’s crust, which is in the range of 1900-3500 kg/m3, leads the student-researcher to think about the internal structure of the Earth.
Using open experimental data of the European Organization for Nuclear Research in the process of studying the physics of elementary particles
Authors: Kukharchuk R P , Vakaliuk T A , Zaika O V , Riabko A V , Medvediev M G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The article discusses the theoretical justification, and the process of developing, implementing, and experimentally verifying the methodology for training future physics teachers using open experimental data from the European Center for Nuclear Research in studying elementary particle physics. The main stages of the study of elementary particle physics are clarified, taking into account the modern achievements of CERN. In the work, the study of elementary particles was carried out based on data from the CMS detector (Compact Muon Solenoid). A description of the methods, techniques, and ways of using the proposed methodological tools for the workshop on the physics of the atomic nucleus and elementary particles is presented. The process of selection and preparation of tasks and instructions based on the open experimental data of the European Center for Nuclear Research, recommendations for working with software, and their approbation in the educational process is considered. An experimental verification, analysis, and generalization of the research results were carried out. Arguments are given regarding the effectiveness and practicality of using the open experimental data of CERN in the process of studying elementary particle physics.
Design and fabrication of an improvised Young’s Modulus Apparatus
Authors: Patero J L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In elasticity of matter, the behaviour of elastic materials are described in terms of elongation, external force applied to elastic materials, stress, strain, and elastic moduli such as Young’s modulus, Shear modulus, and Bulk modulus. Demonstration of this elastic modulus, particularly Young’s modulus in the classroom is a usual problem because acquiring an apparatus for this purpose is expensive. In this paper, improvised Young’s modulus apparatus is fabricated. The improvised Young’s modulus apparatus is tested using pure copper wire, and two other metallic wires of stainless steel and galvanized iron wires: the copper wire of diameter 0.42 mm has a Young’s modulus of 10.04 × 1010 N/m2 ± 6.783 N/m2 which is 8.7% than the known Young’s modulus of pure copper wire. On the other hand, the Young’s modulus of GI wire of diameter 0.555 mm and stainless steel wire of diameter 0.42 mm are 17.92 × 1010 N/m2 and 18.021 × 1010 N/m2, respectively. The improvised apparatus is functional and can be used for classroom experiments and demonstration.
Modeling training content for software engineers in parallel computing
Authors: Sitsylitsyn Y O , Osadchyi V V , Kruglyk V S , Kuzminska O H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study proposes a robust framework for the training of software engineers specializing in parallel computing. We first curated essential content for parallel computing education based on international standards and evolving recommendations from Computing Curricula. We then systematically structured the content and designed a well-defined learning pathway for aspiring software engineers. Concurrently, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of the current state of training for parallel computing in Ukrainian higher education institutions. We analyzed bachelor’s programs in Information Technologies and scrutinized individual course syllabi to identify valuable insights. By merging our findings with the review of educational programs, we formulated a comprehensive model for training in parallel computing. We also examined the pivotal role of the course ”Parallel and Distributed Computing” in the developed curriculum and identified essential tools and methodologies for developing parallel and distributed programs. Our research contributes to the advancement of parallel computing education and provides a valuable reference point for curriculum designers and educators.
Understanding and attitude toward upcycling according to the survey of students of various specialities
Authors: Derkach T M , Bilianska M M , Yaroshenko O G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The attitude to upcycling technologies of undergraduate students of five specialities (design, clothing industry technology, vocational education and training, industrial pharmacy and psychology) and their teachers was investigated using the questionnaire method. Students’ pReferences practically do not depend on specialities. For all students, subgroups of upcycling enthusiasts and sceptics are observed which regularly resort to upcycling or almost do not use it. An almost complete misunderstanding and imperception of the benefits and importance of upcycling is a key and common problem. Social factors have a minimal influence on the opinion of respondents, which may indicate a lack of understanding in society of the role and importance of waste management. All the shortcomings and problems in understanding upcycling are common to students and teachers. In general, the positive attitude towards upcycling and the intention to use upcycling in life in the answers most likely has an unconscious and artificial character (like a fashion trend) because the attitude towards other formative factors does not support it. The identified problems are related to the shortcomings of secondary school and undergraduate curricula, which hinder the formation of the necessary competencies for sustainable development. Methods of their solution are proposed and discussed.
Design of Electric Vehicle Battery Management System
Authors: Liu Qian , Chen Gang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Battery Management System (BMS) is a fundamental component of electric vehicles, primarily utilized to ensure battery safety and enhance battery lifespan. This article presents a design for both the hardware and software components of the BMS, enabling battery monitoring and management. The hardware component encompasses the design of voltage acquisition circuitry, second-order filtering circuitry, sampling and holding circuitry, CAN bus communication circuitry, and other relevant features. The software section comprises subroutines for battery information collection, equalization circuitry, SOC estimation, and other relevant features. The BMS developed in this study successfully collects voltage, temperature, current, and other relevant information, and accurately estimates SOC and other crucial parameters. Testing confirmed that the battery management system precisely collects battery voltage, current, and temperature information, while the SOC estimation achieves a relatively high degree of accuracy.
Research on the design of direct-drive permanent magnet generator for hybrid UAV
Authors: Zhang Weihao , Han Pengfei , Peng HaiTao , Yang Ling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As the core of the power system, the performance of the generator is crucial to the flight and operation of the drone. This paper introduces the design and research of a direct-drive permanent magnet generator for gasoline-electric hybrid UAV. A computationally efficient optimization design method was proposed, and the generator used in the 25 kg UAV was designed
Construction of a 3D Distribution Network Environment Based on Multi-source Data Fusion
Authors: Li Xiayang , Li Xiang , Li Zhaoyu , Huang Zeyi , Kang Haiyun , Ma Haixia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Traditional distribution networks are designed using two-dimensional drawings. Its expression is abstract, the accuracy of manually measured elevation data could be higher, and complex sections are difficult to measure. To solve this problem, a three-dimensional environment for digital planning and design of the distribution network is proposed by combining laser point cloud and oblique photography modelling. Firstly, a rough registration method based on the main material plane is proposed to improve the registration efficiency. The GICP method is used to accurately register the point cloud and build a refined model of distribution equipment; Then, the UAV tilt photography technology is used to model the distribution line corridor, and the elevation model is obtained at the same time. The experimental results show that the model error after precise registration is 3.75 cm, which meets the requirements of high-precision modelling. The average error between the elevation model obtained by the tilt photography of the distribution line corridor and the measured elevation is 0.112 m, which meets the accuracy requirements of mapping.
Machining Characteristics of High-gradient Inside Surface Using Long Tool Holder
Authors: Wang Guilin , Tang Li , Lai Tao , Li Xincai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In order to meet the requirements of space reachability, the high-gradient inside surfaces such as infrared optical domes need to be machined with a long tool holder. Under the action of lateral cutting force, the long tool holder is easy to chatter, and the machined surface will roughen. The directionality of cutting force and its influence on chatter marks are studied in the machining process of high-gradient inside surface, and the dynamic model on tool holder is built in this paper. The natural frequency increases to 2820Hz for long tool holder by optimizing its structure and the clamping method, and the dynamic characteristics is greatly improved. The surface roughness is better than Ra 3.3nm for thermocompressed polycrystalline MgF2 parts which are machined in different directions, there aren’t chatter marks on the surface, and the machining requirements are satisfied for infrared optical parts.
A Three-element Risley Prism Continuous Scanning System Based on Linear Constraint
Authors: He Xiaodong , Che Guohua , Li Hualian , Si Jianwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the three-element Risley prism system, non-linear errors, the infinite solution, the blind zone and the singularity are primary factors that affect the scanning accuracy of the system. In this paper, an accurate analytical model of the three-element Risley prism system is proposed. To reduce the errors of single-wedge nonlinear constraint equation, a dimensionality reduction method constrained by a single wedge is adopted. In addition, a reliable accuracy of 5mm is employed to achieve a full-area scanning of the system, and a single wedge linear constraint equation with an angular increment is established to control singularities. Simulation results show that the wedge rotation angle curve is stable and continuous in the process of inverse solution, and the full coverage of the scanning area can be achieved by assigning scanning accuracy to 5mm, which indicates that the proposed method can effectively solve the problems and achieve full-area scanning in the system.
Research on Decoupling of Fiber Bragg Grating Tactile Signal Based on Neural Network
Authors: Yan Haitang , Jin Rencai , Zhang Jiaojiao , Qian Yuandi , Qian Muyun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
For the purpose of resolving the nonlinear coupling problem of the three-dimensional force of the fiber Bragg grating tactile sensor applied to flexible wearable devices, we propose a method to decouple the three-dimensional force signal by applying the error back-propagation neural network and the radial-based neural network to simulation and experiment based on the mechanical finite element simulation of the sensing unit, using the fiber Bragg grating tactile sensor as the research object. The decoupling results of the neural network on the 3D force simulation data show that the radial-based neural network has higher decoupling accuracy than the error back-propagation neural network, and can better approximate the mapping relationship between the 3D force magnitude containing noise and the center wavelength drift of the FBG tactile sensor. The research results of this paper are of practical value for the research and promotion of the flexible haptic sensor for electronic skin.
Algorithm for Enhancing the Resolution of Workshop Part Images
Authors: Hua Jiyong , Yin Hongmei , Li Zhijun , Wang Shaojun , Chen Chen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The resolution of the input image will affect the restoration effect of the image. In a fixed environment, obtaining high-quality images requires expensive acquisition devices, such as cameras. There are many ways to improve image quality. Instead of increasing hardware investment, it is better to find methods in image post-processing. Deep learning algorithms have obvious advantages in image processing. Based on deep learning, we propose an algorithm to convert camera captured images into high-resolution images. VDSR (Very Accurate Super Resolution) is a typical algorithm. Use residual image learning to predict accurate residual images from input images. Residual corresponds to the high-frequency information in an image, representing pixels that undergo drastic changes in the image, and can highlight the edges and contours of the target. Our proposed algorithm is more accurate than existing algorithms and improves visual effects.
Simulation of Beamline Motion Control System of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility BL13U
Authors: Liu Yuhao , Zhao Ying , Zheng Lifang , He Yan , Li Aiguo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility’s hard X-ray nanoprobe wire station is currently under construction, so it is unable to conduct research on online testing, however, beamline adjustment is crucial prior to conducting experiments at the wire station, this challenge can be more effectively addressed by using simulation testing instead of online testing. In order to carry out intelligent beamline adjusting research before the online station is completed, this paper designs a beamline adjusting test simulation platform based on the EPICS software. Through the software simulation of the motor control system of the above-mentioned beamline, the beamline adjusting application of intelligent control methods is realized. The test results show that the system runs well and the intelligent beamline adjusting algorithm can efficiently and automatically optimize the motors in the system. The beamline adjusting test platform based on EPICS software can be further applied to the simulation and testing of other beamlines at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility.
Study on Deformation Mechanism of Saturated Sand Based on Discrete Element Method
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Xu Chengshun , Jiang Chenglong , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Based on the discrete element program (particle flow code PFC3D), the effects of the initial void ratio on the macroscopic and microscopic mechanical responses, phase transition state and critical state characteristics of saturated sand are systematically investigated in drained tests. The phenomenon that saturated sand enters the critical state earlier than the laboratory macroscopic results is revealed from the microscopic point of view. The results show that the phase transition state of the saturated sand can be reflected by the extreme values of void ratio, sliding ratio, suspended particle ratio and mechanical coordination number. Compared to the macroscopic parameters stress ratio and volume strain, the microscopic parameters can earlier reveal the critical state of saturated sand. The saturated sands with different initial void ratios have the same anisotropy component at the critical state. At the phase transition state, only the weight of normal contact force anisotropy is in the peak state. During the development of saturated sand from shrinkage to dilatancy, the velocity of particle motion on the diagonal 45° shear surface of the sample is intense and the particle motion is dominated by rotation. The above conclusions expand the current understanding of the deformation mechanism at the phase transition state and critical state of the soil.
Biologically inspired virtual aperture extension method of small aperture HFSWR multielement array
Authors: Li Hongbo , Liu Aijun , Yang Qiang , Yu Changjun , Yang Xuguang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We propose a method for extending the virtual aperture of the small aperture high-frequency surface wave radar multielement array inspired by a fly named Ormia ochracea. Despite the tremendous incompatibility between its ear and the incoming wavelength, Ormia can accurately local the sound of its host cricket. This ability benefits from the coupled structure of Ormia’s ears which have been modelled as a mechanical vibration system. In this paper, we first design a two-degree of freedom biologically inspired coupled system by mimicking Ormia’s coupled ears. We quantitatively analyze its extension capability to the array aperture and construct the received signal model of the virtual array. We then analyze its response characteristic and available frequency band. To achieve the applications of arbitrary desired frequencies, we propose a frequency conversion algorithm. Moreover, we design two multi-degree of freedom biologically inspired coupled systems for the multielement array We summarize the criteria for extending the degree of freedom and optimize these two systems to address their respective shortcomings. Numerical results give the optimal system parameters for our desired frequency and validate the frequency conversion algorithm. By comparing the radiation pattern of the inspired arrays (arrays with the proposed systems) with that of an ordinary array, we demonstrate the virtual aperture extension capability of our proposed method. We also verify the effectiveness of proposed method by processing the actual received signals of the array.
Investigating the occurrence of blizzard events over the contiguous United States using observations and climate projections
Authors: Browne Ahmani , Chen Liang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Over previous decades, the United States has been plagued by severe winter storms or blizzards, which caused millions of dollars in damages. However, the historical trend of blizzard events and the possible impacts of future global climate change on blizzard occurrences remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed historical blizzard occurrences using the observed storm event database, which shows that the Northern Plains, such as North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota, had the most blizzard activities over the past 25 years. No significant trend in blizzard occurrence is found in those regions. When considering blizzards as compound events of strong wind and extreme snowfall, we estimated blizzard occurrences based on wind speed and snowfall in climate datasets, including Automated Surface Observing Systems wind speed, national gridded snowfall analysis, ERA5 reanalysis and historical simulations of 19 models in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6), which show a good agreement with the observations with respect to the climatology of blizzard occurrence. In the near-term and long-term future under two emission scenarios, CMIP6 projections suggest decreases in both strong wind and extreme snowfall events, eventually leading to a significantly reduced frequency of compound events. Significant decreases in blizzard occurrence are found in the Northern Plains and Upper Midwest, suggesting potentially reducing the risk of winter hazards over those regions in a warming climate.
Design of a wideband and tunable radar absorber
Authors: Gao Xin , Dou Zheng , Peng Ruihui , Wang Xiangwei , Lv Yongsheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To effectively address the challenges posed by intricate and dynamic electromagnetic environments, we propose a wideband and tunable radar absorber in this paper. The proposed absorber, composed of graphene capacitor, plasma enclosed within a sealed glass cavity, radar absorbing material (RAM), FR-4 and copper plate, allows for tunable radar absorbing performance through the manipulation of the electromagnetic properties of the graphene capacitor and plasma. Based on the equivalent circuit model, the reflectivity of the radar absorber is analyzed using transmission line theory (TLT). Good agreement is observed between the full-wave simulations and the TLT. The study thoroughly investigates the influence of graphene, plasma, and RAM components, as well as their sequential arrangement within the radar absorber, on its reflectivity, expounding the fundamental mechanism of these materials’ synergistic integration. Additionally, the effects of key factors, including the surface resistance R

g
of graphene, plasma frequency

w

p

,

collision frequency

v

p

and plasma thickness

t

plasma

,

on the radar absorbing performance are examined. Our findings reveal that adjusting surface resistance R

g
controls the absorbing amplitude, and manipulation of the plasma frequency and collision frequency tunes the absorbing frequency and effective absorbing band. By appropriately adjusting the surface resistance R

g
of graphene, plasma frequency

w

p

and collision frequency

v

p

,

the proposed radar absorber exhibits superior performance in the frequency range of 1 GHz to 10 GHz. The radar absorber we propose serves as a significant reference for the application of tunable radar absorbers and adaptive radar stealth techniques.