bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giant gluteal and vesical plexiform neurofibromas in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1: a case report
Authors: Sassi Imen , Bouida Mohamed Amine , Hasnaoui Anis , Zemni Ines , Ben Dhieb Tarek 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a neurocutaneous genetic disorder caused by mutations in the NF1 gene, resulting in the formation of benign tumors called neurofibromas. The most common type of tumor seen in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 is the slow-growing and benign neurofibroma, with a subtype called plexiform neurofibroma being particularly common and causing pain, functional impairment, and cosmetic disfigurement.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 20-year-old North African female patient with a history of neurofibromatosis type 1 who presented with a growing mass in her right gluteal region, which was later diagnosed as a giant cutaneous neurofibroma. Imaging studies revealed infiltration in several regions, including the urinary bladder wall, resulting in significant bilateral hydronephrosis. The patient is currently being monitored, and no excisional procedures are planned.

Conclusions
Neurofibromatosis type 1 can cause a variety of clinical symptoms, including the development of large plexiform neurofibromas. It is important to closely monitor patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 for the early detection of neurofibromas. Early detection and prompt surgical intervention are essential for preventing complications.
Air–ground integrated artificial intelligence of things with cognition-enhanced interference management
Authors: Ren Chao , Song Jiayin , Qiu Mengxuan , Li Yingqi , Wang Xianmei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntegrated air–ground network enhances AIoT performance by improving spectral efficiency, achieving high-speed, stable network connectivity, and enabling sensing, learning, and decision-making. However, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can lead to local spectrum congestion and competition. To address this issue, intelligent signal processing techniques are employed to enhance AIoT system performance and stability through intelligent multi-channel sensing and communication. A novel communication framework inspired by brain cognition for UAV communication in heterogeneous environments is introduced. This framework iteratively determines the importance of signals, effectively eliminating unimportant signals with interference characteristics, and reducing their transmission power. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of this method in terms of communication performance.
Ocular mucosal homeostasis of teleost fish provides insight into the coevolution between microbiome and mucosal immunity
Authors: Kong Weiguang , Cheng Gaofeng , Cao Jiafeng , Yu Jiaqian , Wang Xinyou , Xu Zhen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The visual organ plays a crucial role in sensing environmental information. However, its mucosal surfaces are constantly exposed to selective pressures from aquatic or airborne pathogens and microbial communities. Although few studies have characterized the conjunctival-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) in the ocular mucosa (OM) of birds and mammals, little is known regarding the evolutionary origins and functions of immune defense and microbiota homeostasis of the OM in the early vertebrates.

Results
Our study characterized the structure of the OM microbial ecosystem in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and confirmed for the first time the presence of a diffuse mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in fish OM. Moreover, the microbial communities residing on the ocular mucosal surface contribute to shaping its immune environment. Interestingly, following IHNV infection, we observed robust immune responses, significant tissue damage, and microbial dysbiosis in the trout OM, particularly in the fornix conjunctiva (FC), which is characterized by the increase of pathobionts and a reduction of beneficial taxa in the relative abundance in OM. Critically, we identified a significant correlation between viral-induced immune responses and microbiome homeostasis in the OM, underscoring its key role in mucosal immunity and microbiota homeostasis.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that immune defense and microbiota homeostasis in OM occurred concurrently in early vertebrate species, shedding light on the coevolution between microbiota and mucosal immunity.
Gct-TTE: graph convolutional transformer for travel time estimation
Authors: Mashurov Vladimir , Chopuryan Vaagn , Porvatov Vadim , Ivanov Arseny , Semenova Natalia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a new transformer-based model for the problem of travel time estimation. The key feature of the proposed GCT-TTE architecture is the utilization of different data modalities capturing different properties of an input path. Along with the extensive study regarding the model configuration, we implemented and evaluated a sufficient number of actual baselines for path-aware and path-blind settings. The conducted computational experiments have confirmed the viability of our pipeline, which outperformed state-of-the-art models on both considered datasets. Additionally, GCT-TTE was deployed as a web service accessible for further experiments with user-defined routes.
Peak Week Carbohydrate Manipulation Practices in Physique Athletes: A Narrative Review
Authors: Homer Kai A. , Cross Matt R. , Helms Eric R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPhysique athletes are ranked by a panel of judges against the judging criteria of the corresponding division. To enhance on-stage presentation and performance, competitors in certain categories (i.e. bodybuilding and classic physique) achieve extreme muscle size and definition aided by implementing acute “peaking protocols” in the days before competition. Such practices can involve manipulating nutrition and training variables to increase intramuscular glycogen and water while minimising the thickness of the subcutaneous layer. Carbohydrate manipulation is a prevalent strategy utilised to plausibly induce muscle glycogen supercompensation and subsequently increase muscle size. The relationship between carbohydrate intake and muscle glycogen saturation was first examined in endurance event performance and similar strategies have been adopted by physique athletes despite the distinct physiological dissimilarities and aims between the sports.ObjectivesThe aim of this narrative review is to (1) critically examine and appraise the existing scientific literature relating to carbohydrate manipulation practices in physique athletes prior to competition; (2) identify research gaps and provide direction for future studies; and (3) provide broad practical applications based on the findings and physiological reasoning for coaches and competitors.FindingsThe findings of this review indicate that carbohydrate manipulation practices are prevalent amongst physique athletes despite a paucity of experimental evidence demonstrating the efficacy of such strategies on physique performance. Competitors have also been observed to manipulate water and electrolytes in conjunction with carbohydrate predicated on speculative physiological mechanisms which may be detrimental for performance.ConclusionsFurther experimental evidence which closely replicates the nutritional and training practices of physique athletes during peak week is required to make conclusions on the efficacy of carbohydrate manipulation strategies. Quasi-experimental designs may be a feasible alternative to randomised controlled trials to examine such strategies due to the difficulty in recruiting the population of interest. Finally, we recommend that coaches and competitors manipulate as few variables as possible, and experiment with different magnitudes of carbohydrate loads in advance of competition if implementing a peaking strategy.
Umbilical outpouchings in Danish piglets and weaners: prevalence and clinical characteristics—a cross-sectional study at herd level
Authors: Hansen Marie-Louise , Jensen Tina Birk , Kristensen Charlotte Sonne , Larsen Inge , Pedersen Ken Steen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundUmbilical outpouchings (UO) in pigs present a welfare concern because of ulceration risk and complications. Danish legislation requires pigs with larger UOs to be housed in sick pens with soft bedding, and some UO pigs might not be suited for transport. Because of this, many UO pigs are euthanized, adding to the costs of pig production. The true prevalence of UO is unknown as no scientific reports with randomly sampled herds exist. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of UO in Danish piglets and weaners and describe their clinical characteristics: size, texture, reducibility, and occurrence of ulcers. Lastly, risk factors for the occurrence of ulcers on UOs were investigated.ResultsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 Danish conventional herds, with at least 800 weaned pigs and 200 sows. The herds were selected randomly from the Danish Husbandry Register and visited once between September 2020 and May 2021. Piglets were examined during their last week in the farrowing unit, and weaners were examined between weeks three and eight after weaning. The abdominal area was palpated on all pigs, and all irregularities were recorded; the results presented are umbilical outpouchings measuring at least 2 × 2 cm. The within-herd prevalence of piglets with UO averaged 4.2% with a range from 0.8 to 13.6% between herds. The within-herd prevalence of weaners with UO averaged 2.9%, ranging from 1.0 to 5.3% between herds. Approximately 80% of the UOs were classified as small or medium (< 7 cm piglets/ < 11cm weaners). Large outpouchings had significantly higher odds of ulcer occurrence (OR = 9.9, p < 0.001).ConclusionUOs are common in Denmark, with a prevalence of 2.9% in weaners and an estimated annual production of 32 million Danish pigs almost a million pigs are affected yearly. Most of these pigs will have a small or medium UO. If the pigs have large UOs the odds of ulcer occurrence increase significantly. Numerous of these pigs are wasted, challenging sustainability and economy. UOs might also affect the welfare of the pigs. More research is therefore needed, especially in the prevention of UOs.
Association between preoperative frailty and surgical Apgar score in abdominal cancer surgery: a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study
Authors: Hirai Sayaka , Ida Mitsuru , Kinugasa Yuki , Kawaguchi Masahiko 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The surgical Apgar score is useful for predicting postoperative morbidity and mortality. However, its applicability in frail patients with minimal hemodynamic variation remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between frailty and surgical Apgar score.

Methods
This secondary analysis included 210 patients ≥ 65 years of age undergoing elective major abdominal surgery for cancer. Frailty was assessed using the Fried Frailty Phenotype Questionnaire and defined as a total score of ≥ 3. The surgical Apgar score (range, 0−10; including mean blood pressure, heart rate, and blood loss volume) was compared between patients with or without frailty using the Mann–Whitney U test. Postoperative severe complications and length of postoperative stay were compared between patients with surgical Apgar scores ≤ 7 and > 7.

Results
Among the included patients, 45 were classified as frail. The median [1st quartile, 3rd quartile] surgical Apgar scores in patients with and without frailty were 7.0 [7.0, 8.0] and 8.0 [7.0, 8.0], respectively (P = 0.03). Patients with surgical Apgar score ≤7 had a higher incidence of serious postoperative complications (P = 0.03) and longer hospital stays (P < 0.001) compared with patients with surgical Apgar score >7.

Conclusion
Frail patients have lower SAS, and patients with lower SAS have higher postoperative complication rates and longer hospital stays in patients who underwent cancer surgery.
Lipidomic Analysis Reveals Alterations in Hepatic FA Profile Associated With MASLD Stage in Patients With Obesity
Authors: Núñez-Sánchez María Ángeles , Martínez-Sánchez María Antonia , Martínez-Montoro José Ignacio , Balaguer-Román Andrés , Murcia-García Elena , Fernández-Ruiz Virginia Esperanza , Ferrer-Gómez Mercedes , Martínez-Cáceres Carlos Manuel , Sledzinski Tomasz , Frutos María Dolores , Hernández-Morante Juan José , Fernández-García José Carlos , Queipo-Ortuño María Isabel , Ruiz-Alcaraz Antonio José , Mika Adriana , Ramos-Molina Bruno 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by the intracellular lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Excess caloric intake and high-fat diets are considered to significantly contribute to MASLD development.

Objective
To evaluate the hepatic and serum fatty acid (FA) composition in patients with different stages of MASLD, and their relationship with FA dietary intake and MASLD-related risk factors.

Methods
This was a case–control study in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery at a university hospital between January 2020 and December 2021. Participants were distributed in 3 groups: no MASLD (n = 26), steatotic liver disease (n = 33), and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (n = 32). Hepatic and serum FA levels were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Nutritional status was evaluated using validated food frequency questionnaires. The hepatic expression of genes involved in FA metabolism was analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results
The hepatic, but not serum, FA profiles were significantly altered in patients with MASLD compared with those without MASLD. No differences were observed in FA intake between the groups. Levels of C16:0, C18:1, and the C18:1/C18:0 ratio were higher, while C18:0 levels and C18:0/C16:0 ratio were lower in patients with MASLD, being significantly different between the 3 groups. Hepatic FA levels and ratios correlated with histopathological diagnosis and other MASLD-related parameters. The expression of genes involved in the FA metabolism was upregulated in patients with MASLD.

Conclusion
Alterations in hepatic FA levels in MASLD patients were due to enhancement of de novo lipogenesis in the liver.
Reduced estrogen signaling contributes to bone loss and cardiac dysfunction in interleukin‐10 knockout mice
Authors: Alake Sanmi E. , Ice John , Robinson Kara , Price Payton , Hatter Bethany , Wozniak Karen , Lin Dingbo , Chowanadisai Winyoo , Smith Brenda J. , Lucas Edralin A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCharacterization of the interleukin (IL)‐10 knockout (KO) mouse with chronic gut inflammation, cardiovascular dysfunction, and bone loss suggests a critical role for this cytokine in interorgan communication within the gut, bone, and cardiovascular axis. We sought to understand the role of IL‐10 in the cross‐talk between these systems. Six‐week‐old IL‐10 KO mice and their wild type (WT) counterparts were maintained on a standard rodent diet for 3 or 6 months. Gene expression of proinflammatory markers and Fgf23, serum 17β‐estradiol (E2), and cardiac protein expression were assessed. Ileal Il17a and Tnf mRNA increased while Il6 mRNA increased in the bone and heart by at least 2‐fold in IL‐10 KO mice. Bone Dmp1 and Phex mRNA were repressed at 6 months in IL‐10 KO mice, resulting in increased Fgf23 mRNA (~4‐fold) that contributed to increased fibrosis. In the IL‐10 KO mice, gut bacterial β‐glucuronidase activity and ovarian Cyp19a1 mRNA were lower (p < 0.05), consistent with reduced serum E2 and reduced cardiac pNOS3 (Ser1119) in these mice. Treatment of ileal lymphocytes with E2 reduced gut inflammation in WT but not IL‐10 KO mice. In conclusion, our data suggest that diminished estrogen and defective bone mineralization increased FGF23 which contributed to cardiac fibrosis in the IL‐10 KO mouse.
Does Excellence Pay Off? Evidence from the Italian Wine Market
Authors: Castriota Stefano , Fedele Alessandro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Considering the Italian wine market, we investigate the relationship between product quality, on the one hand, and profits and profitability, on the other hand. Using data from 1052 wineries over the period 2006–2015, we find robust evidence of a positive relationship between product quality, measured by the wineries’ reputation for quality, and profits, measured by the Earnings Before Interest, Depreciation and Amortization. By contrast, we observe no relationship between reputation and profitability, measured by the Return on Invested Capital.
Intrinsic heterogeneity of grain boundary phase transitions in the Cu–Bi system: insights from grain boundary diffusion measurements
Authors: Edelhoff Henning , Esin Vladimir A. , Divinski Sergiy V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Diffusion of Bi and Ag in a series of polycrystalline Cu–Bi alloys is investigated using a radiotracer technique and applying the 207Bi and 110m
Ag isotopes, respectively. Together with the previous measurements (Divinski S., Lohmann M., Herzig C., Straumal B., Baretzky B., Gust W. Grain-boundary Melting Phase Transition in the Cu−Bi System. Phys. Rev. B
2005, 71, 104104), a temperature–concentration interval of strong, by orders of magnitude, enhancements of Bi grain boundary diffusion rates is distinguished and the results are interpreted in terms of a grain boundary pre-wetting/wetting phase transition. Grain boundary diffusivity of Ag exhibits as well a step-wise increase with rising Bi content, mirroring the behaviour observed for the Bi tracer. However, contrary to the Bi tracer atoms for which grain boundary enhancement is observed at about 60 ppm of Bi in Cu–Bi alloys, this transition is revealed by the Ag tracer atoms at a significantly higher concentration, specifically between 90 and 100 ppm of Bi at 1080 K. The Ag diffusion rates in alloys with a moderate Bi content turn out to be not affected by the Bi-induced grain boundary phase transition and the measured grain boundary diffusion coefficients of Ag are nearly the same as those determined for pure polycrystalline Cu. This spectacular result suggests a strong heterogeneity of Bi segregation and Bi-induced phase transition for general high-angle grain boundaries in a given alloy. The behaviour is discussed in terms of the extrinsic grain boundary defects and their impact on mechano-chemical coupling which is accompanying the grain boundary phase transitions.
Spatiotemporal postseismic due to the 2018 Lombok earthquake based on insar revealed multi mechanisms with long duration afterslip
Authors: Kusuma Annisa Rizky , Pratama Cecep , Widjajanti Nurrohmat , Yulaikhah  , Prayoga Oktadi , Kurniasari Evi Dwi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Lombok earthquake in August 2018 triggered a sequential rupture with doublet earthquake up to Mw 6.9. This tectonic activity occurred near the main earthquake due to the decay of residual energy from one event to another. This activity is suspected to be a post-seismic deformation process such as afterslip and viscoelastic. In this paper, we conducted a study to determine the deformation pattern. Each of these processes can be investigated by extracting InSAR observational data. Time series from Sentinel-1 SAR is processed using LiCSBAS as data observation and then compare with the model based on exponential and logarithmic functions. The results of combined logarithmic and exponential fitting suggest the Lombok multi-event earthquakes were influenced by seismic activity from dual-releasing residual energy comprises of afterslip and viscoelastic as a dual mechanism with long duration rather than single mechanism.
Weak beat frequency extraction method for photon Doppler signal with low signal-to-noise ratio
Authors: Sun Ya-Nan , Wu Shen-Jiang , Qin Guo-Sheng , Wang Ke-Xuan , Wang Jia , Li Dang-Juan , Du Yu-Qi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the window function spectrum of the low signal-to-noise ratio photon Doppler signal after the short-time Fourier transform, the weak beat frequency cannot be obtained by extracting the maximum amplitude spectrum frequency of each window because the amplitude of the noise spectrum exceeds the weak beat frequency. In this article, the value of the beat frequency is first estimated by the Kalman filter. Then, a multiple analytical bandpass filter is constructed to refine the spectrum of the high noise signal with the value of the beat frequency estimate as the spectrum band center. This technique extracts only the beat frequencies from the narrowband refinement spectrum by removing the interference spectrum band range. We use this technique to process the photon Doppler signals from the tiny high-speed flying fragments explosion experiment. After data processing, the beat frequency value heavily affected by high-frequency noise can reduce the error by up to 64.9%. The beat frequency value of the low noise signal can be accurate to 106 Hz, equivalent to 0.775 m/s after velocity demodulation. This method fully considers the positioning and protection of the beat frequency characteristics. It makes weak beat frequencies more obvious in the refined narrowband spectrum without changing the signal amplitude. This article describes a method for extracting the weak beat frequency of the photon Doppler signal or a signal optimization algorithm for needing high-precision beat frequencies in a test environment.
A Prospective Comparison of Materials and Structures for Sports Graduated Compression Socks
Authors: Umair Muhammad , Nadeem Muhammad , Jamshaid Hafsa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Compression socks have an effective role in the performance activity of athletes. This study aims to quantify the effect of fiber materials and structure on physical, mechanical, thermo-physiological, sensorial, and ergonomic comfort on sports graduated compression socks (SGCS). Two natural fibers, cotton and viscose, and two synthetic fibers, Coolmax and acrylic, were used to develop three different types of SGCS. Data have been analyzed by full factorial design of experiment. The finding exhibited that Coolmax-based socks have better moisture management and dimensional properties as compared with other materials. Acrylic-based SGCS are better to use in winter because of their higher thermal resistance, besides moderate moisture management. Moreover, it is verified that higher bursting strength is achieved by using higher-strength fibers. Additionally, it was observed that the effect of structure and material on desired properties without compromising compression/interface pressure is statistically significant. The overall properties of the developed stockings are better in terms of properties than market stockings. For all the socks, compression pressure between 15 and 20 mmHg, as per requirements of sports socks, was maintained. The effect of materials and structure on the aforementioned responses were examined using analysis of variance statistical analysis. The functional properties are greatly influenced by the material and structure. In this study, the comfort properties are considered to play a major functional role regarding usage by the end user. Its use not only maintained blood circulation by applying external pressure but also defended against unexpected harm or damage of vessels because of high pooling of blood during sports, running, or performance. This study will help to select suitable structure and materials for comfortable SGCS and is expected to fulfill the potential requirements of the athletes.