bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing chronic pain after breast cancer treatments: are web-based interventions the future?
Authors: Hartup Sue , Briggs Michelle 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of the reviewChronic post-treatment pain in breast cancer affects a high proportion of patients. Symptom burden and financial costs are increasingly impacting patients and healthcare systems because of improved treatments and survival rates. Supporting long-term breast cancer symptoms using novel methodology has been examined, yet few have explored the opportunity to utilise these interventions for prevention. This review aims to explore the need for, range of, and effectiveness of such interventions.Recent findingsThree papers describe risk factors for chronic pain, with six recent papers describing the use of interventions for acute pain in the surgical setting. The evidence for the effectiveness of these interventions to improve pain management in this setting is limited but tentatively positive. The results have to take into account the variation between systems and limited testing.SummaryMultiple types of intervention emerged and appear well accepted by patients. Most assessed short-term impact and did not evaluate for reduction in chronic pain. Such interventions require rigorous effectiveness testing to meet the growing needs of post-treatment pain in breast cancer. A detailed understanding of components of web-based interventions and their individual impact on acute pain and chronic pain is needed within future optimisation trials. Their effectiveness as preventative tools are yet to be decided.
Social Determinants of Health in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Markowitz Daniel , Aamodt Whitley W. , Hamedani Ali G. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) disproportionately affects women from socioeconomically disadvantaged communities, but specific social determinants of health have not been examined.

Methods:
We used data from the National Institutes of Health's All of Us Research Program, an ongoing nationwide study of more than 300,000 diverse individuals in the United States. Height and weight were measured at baseline, and participants completed questionnaires about demographics, health care access, and quality of life. Women aged 18–50 years with IIH were identified through electronic health record data, excluding those with venous thrombosis, meningitis, hydrocephalus, or central nervous system neoplasms. We used logistic regression to compare questionnaire responses for IIH cases and controls, adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, annual income, and body mass index (BMI).

Results:
We included 416 women with IIH and 107,111 women without IIH. The mean age was 38 years, and 49.3% identified as non-White. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and BMI, women with IIH were more likely to be unemployed (odds ratio [OR] 1.40, 95% confidential interval [CI]: 1.14–1.71) and report delaying care because of difficulty affording copays (OR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.02–2.10) or specialist care (OR 1.52, 95% CI: 1.06–2.18). They also delayed care because of rural residence (OR 2.08, 95% CI: 1.25–3.47) and transportation limitations (OR 2.23, 95% CI: 1.55–3.20). Although women with IIH were more likely to be non-Hispanic Black (OR 1.66, 95% CI: 1.32–2.09), this association lost significance when controlling for BMI and income (OR 1.27, 95% CI: 0.96–1.68).

Conclusions:
Women with IIH experience adverse social determinants of health beyond those associated with obesity alone.
Magnetic boson peak in classical spin glasses
Authors: Kofu Maiko , Ohira-Kawamura Seiko , Murai Naoki , Ishii Rieko , Hirai Daigorou , Arima Hiroshi , Funakoshi Kenichi 
Published: January 2024

We revisited spin dynamics in archetypical classical spin-glass (SG) systems, such as Cu1−xMnx (x=0.017, 0.034, and 0.067) dilute alloys and iron aluminosilicate glass, using a modern neutron scattering spectrometer with high neutron flux. The former is crystalline, and the latter is amorphous, where their SG state is well separated from magnetically ordered phases. Bose-scaled localized magnetic excitations were observed in both compounds below the spin-freezing temperature (Tf). The spectrum exhibits a maximum at low energy and a broad tail on the high-energy side. The excitation energy tends to be higher for the material with higher Tf. Above Tf, the spectrum considerably changes with temperature, thereby indicating the emergence of the magnetic relaxation process. The magnetic excitation in the SG state has much in common with the boson peak in structural glasses. We consider that the Bose-scaled broad excitation peak is an elementary excitation inherent in disordered systems.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Penning-trap eigenfrequency measurements with optical radiofrequency detectors
Authors: Berrocal J. , Hernández A. , Arrazola I. , Domínguez F. , Carrasco-Sanz A. , Fernández F. J. , Block M. , Rodríguez D. 
Published: January 2024

We use an electric-dipole laser-driven transition to precisely measure the cyclotron-frequency ratios of the pairs Ca+42−Ca+40, Ca+44−Ca+40, and Ca+48−Ca+40 in a 7-tesla Penning trap. A single laser-cooled (T≈1 mK) ion serves, together with photon-counting and photon-imaging units, as a radiofrequency detector covering a broadband frequency spectrum, in the present case from kHz to a few MHz. Such detectors (Ca+40,42,44,48) allow measuring extremely small forces increasing the sensitivity in Penning-trap mass spectrometry. The direct determination of the ions' amplitudes makes a cyclotron-frequency measurement process more robust against inhomogeneities of the magnetic field and/or deviations of the electric quadrupole field due to mechanical imperfections of the trap.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Application of lean principles for building refurbishment projects in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando Madurachcharige Hasini Vidushima , Costa Duleepa Dulshan , Malsha Nadeetharu Buddha Koralage , Kulatunga Udayangani 
Published: January 2024

PurposeA comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify the lean principles and the challenges of building refurbishment. To have an in-depth investigation of the application of lean principles to address the challenges of refurbishment projects, ten expert interviews following a qualitative research approach were utilised in this research. Data were analysed using manual content analysis to derive the framework.Design/methodology/approachThe refurbishment of buildings has attracted the attention of the present construction industry. However, uncertain project characteristics, information deficiency, limited space for construction activities and less stakeholder involvement make it complex. Since the lean concept effectively deals with complex and uncertain projects, this study focusses to investigate the application of lean principles to overcome the challenges of refurbishment projects in Sri Lanka by developing a framework.FindingsIt was found that the five main lean principles of customer value, value stream, value flow, pull and perfection are appropriate for building refurbishment projects in Sri Lanka. Precise identification of clients and end-users, value adding and non-value adding activities, interruptions and stakeholder communication chains, setting scope, examining the possible technologies and taking measures to deliver the exact product to ensure the successful application of lean principles for refurbishment projects. Further, 27 benefits of five lean principles were identified which can be used to address the 13 identified challenges of building refurbishment of projects. Finally, a framework has developed portraying the application of lean principles in building refurbishment.Practical implicationsThe framework developed is beneficial for the building refurbishment project team to address the barriers of refurbishment projects by applying lean principles.Originality/valueThis framework can be used as a guideline for the implementation of building refurbishment projects by addressing their challenges with lean principles.
Enhancing the democratic nature of voting processes within decentralized autonomous organizations
Authors: Gilson Colin , Bouraga Sarah 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the problem of power imbalance within decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) and propose potential solutions that could contribute to enhancing the democratic nature of DAOs.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors apply a qualitative methodology. Using a thematic coding analysis, the authors process data collected from interviews with 11 experts.FindingsMultiple factors contribute to the perceived lack of democracy within DAOs, such as token concentration and effective stakeholder communication. Next, quadratic voting has the potential to enhance democracy within DAOs, but this mechanism must be implemented mindfully. Finally, the results were nuanced when it comes to the effectiveness of liquid democracy in DAOs to enhance voter participation and representation.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is one of the first research contributions to propose recommendations to address the power imbalance within DAOs and to contribute to the advancement of decentralized decision-making structures.
Digital entrepreneurship in wholesale: identification of implementation strategies for data spaces
Authors: Neff Alexander , Weber Patrick , Werth Daniel 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe initial observation of this study is the gap of research in the economic application of data spaces in wholesale. With the lowering threshold in using digital technology in innovative services wholesale is confronted with new competition in their main business – the purchase and sale of products in large numbers. Wholesale must advance in their own business creating new digital services for their customers to stay relevant competitors in their markets.Design/methodology/approachThe design follows an explorative, heuristic and interdisciplinary approach (social sciences and in-formation systems) of a multiple case study combining semi-structured, open and participating observation in three case studies. The cases were set in tourism, construction, as well as manufacturing and were each scientifically accompanied for more than one year during the identification of implementation of strategies for data spaces as digital entrepreneurial path.FindingsThe study shows four strategies in the implementation of data spaces in traditional wholesale. These data spaces have their focus in (1) the traded commodity with two specificities (1a and 1b), (2) the customer and (3) the cooperation of an ecosystem of companies. Each have their own challenges, chances and specifications like the data sovereignty. These strategies are embedded in the behavior of digital entrepreneurship.Originality/valueThis study accompanied and observed the entrepreneurial strategies of three wholesalers discovering new opportunities enabled via data spaces. These three strategies follow different approaches offering potentials for other wholesalers.
Authenticity and woman’s leadership: a qualitative study of professional business services in the UK
Authors: Howard Laura 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the research question: how do women leaders in the professional business services (PBS) sector develop and approach workplace (in)authenticity?Design/methodology/approachTen senior women leaders in the Midlands region of the UK were purposefully selected and interviewed. A semi-structured approach meant that the author adopted a social constructionist paradigm and feminist interpretation. Questions were designed to elicit rich descriptions from the participants. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted to address the study’s purpose.FindingsFour themes were important to women when they developed and approached workplace (in)authenticity: (1) Power Structures, (2) Fit to Belong, (3) Influential Femininity and (4) Through Her Evolution. Women described masculine-majority organisations exerting power. They were pressured into altering their behaviours to “fit” into workplaces. When women had the latitude to be themselves, their leadership excelled. Women’s authenticity developed through increased self-knowledge, helping them to overcome workplace challenges. The study concluded that women face complexities when developing and approaching their constructions of authenticity, namely in the barriers and ramifications they face.Practical implicationsThe study suggests several implications for practice and theory concerning enablers and barriers to women leaders' workplace authenticity. The link between authenticity and workplace gender equity needs to be investigated.Originality/valueThe study provides evidence that women are challenged when becoming authentic, therefore, altering their careers irrecoverably in some cases.
Training under an extreme context: the role of organizational support and adaptability on the motivation transfer and performance after training
Authors: Junça Silva Ana , Pinto Deolinda 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe present study used the job-demands and resources (JD-R) framework to understand how the training is transferred to an extreme working context through the analysis of job and personal resources (social support from the leader and colleagues and adaptability). Specifically, the authors tested the mediating role of motivation to transfer in the relationship (1) between the perceived support from the supervisor and colleagues and performance after training and (2) between adaptability and performance in an extreme context of the pandemic crisis – the first peak of COVID-19 in Portugal. Further, an inspection of the factors that predicted knowledge transfer and adaptability under an extreme context was carried out.Design/methodology/approachTo do so, necessary training about the new safety rules regarding the pandemic crisis of COVID-19 was implemented in a healthcare institution as a strategy to help healthcare workers deal with the increasing uncertainty and complexity that was threatening their work. It consisted of three sessions (each with one hour of training) regarding procedures, rules and safety norms. The training occurred in May 2020. Overall, 291 healthcare workers participated in the study and answered one online questionnaire one week after training completion.FindingsThe results showed that the motivation to transfer had a significant indirect effect on the relationship between colleagues' and supervisors' support and performance and between adaptability and performance. Additionally, complementary analyses showed that the mediations depended on the levels of self-efficacy in such a way that the indirect relationships were stronger when self-efficacy was higher. Thus, adaptability and support, both from colleagues and the supervisor, are determining factors for knowledge transfer and resultant performance in extreme contexts, such as the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Lastly, the results showed that the most significant predictors of transference were self-efficacy and the motivation to transfer the learned knowledge. On the other hand, self-efficacy, peer support and the opportunity to use the knowledge were the most significant predictors of adaptability.Practical implicationsThese findings provide support for the role of employee motivation to transfer as a mechanism connecting both perceived support and adaptability to performance outcomes under extreme working contexts.Originality/valueThis study, conducted in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic context – an extreme and uncertain working context – shows the relevance of both job and individual factors to predict employees' adaptability to such contexts.
Prevalence of Wolbachia endosymbiont in Culex molestus mosquitoes from South Korea
Authors: Akintola Ashraf Akintayo , Kim Gyeongmin , Adeniyi Kamoru Abdulazeez , Hwang Ui Wook 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWolbachia, an endosymbiotic bacterium, has a significant impact on the reproductive biology and pathogen transmission capabilities of various arthropods, including mosquitoes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Wolbachia in Culex molestus, a vector mosquito species, in South Korea. Mosquito samples were collected from different locations and taxonomically identified. Individual mosquito DNA was extracted, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted targeting the Wolbachia surface protein gene (wsp) and three multi‐locus sequence typing (MLST) (gatB, hcpA, and ftsZ) genes. Gel electrophoresis was performed to determine the prevalence of Wolbachia by analyzing PCR products. Our findings revealed that Wolbachia was present in 100% of the tested Culex mosquitoes from South Korea, with one major Wolbachia strain (supergroup B) detected using the wsp gene and subgrouping determined with the gatB as well as hcpA, and ftsZ. These results underscore the widespread occurrence of Wolbachia in Cx. molestus mosquito within the studied region, thus suggesting the potential for leveraging this endosymbiont to devise novel strategies for mosquito‐borne disease control. Future research should investigate the influence of Wolbachia on mosquito biology and vector competence in South Korea.
The interplay between mentalization, personality traits and burnout in psychiatry training: Results from a large multicenter controlled study
Authors: Castellini Giovanni , Tarchi Livio , Cassioli Emanuele , Ricca Valdo , Abbate Daga Giovanni , Aguglia Andrea , Albert Umberto , Atti Annarita , Barlati Stefano , Blasi Giuseppe , Carmassi Claudia , Carrà Giuseppe , De Fazio Pasquale , De Panfilis Chiara , Di Lorenzo Giorgio , Ferrari Silvia , Goracci Arianna , Gramaglia Carla , Luciano Mario , Martinotti Giovanni , Menchetti Marco , Menculini Giulia , Nanni Maria Giulia , Nivoli Alessandra , Pinna Federica , Pompili Maurizio , Rosso Gianluca , Sambataro Fabio , Sampogna Gaia , Sani Gabriele , Serafini Gianluca , Signorelli Maria Salvina , Tosato Sarah , Ventriglio Antonio , Viganò Caterina , Volpe Umberto , Fiorillo Andrea 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundA better characterization of educational processes during psychiatry training is needed, both to foster personal resilience and occupational proficiency.MethodsAn adequate coverage of medical residents at the national level was reached (41.86% of the total reference population, 29 out of 36 training centers—80.55%). Controls were recruited among residents in other medical specialties. All participants were assessed by questionnaires to evaluate early life experiences, attachment style, personality traits, coping strategies, emotional competencies. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) framework was employed to investigate the interplay between individual factors.ResultsA total sample of 936 people was recruited (87.9% response‐rate; 645 residents in psychiatry, 291 other medical residents). Psychiatry trainees reported a higher prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect), greater attachment insecurity (anxious or avoidant) in comparison to other medical trainees. Psychiatry residents also reported higher social support‐seeking as a coping strategy, lower problem‐orientation, and lower transcendence. Lower neuroticism, higher openness to experience, and higher emotional awareness were also observed in psychiatry trainees. Psychiatry training was associated with a redefinition of conflict management skills as a function of seniority. The SEM model provided support for an interplay between early traumatic experiences, mentalization skills (coping strategies, emotion regulation), interpersonal competencies and occupational distress.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study supported a theoretical model based on mentalization theory for the interactions between personal and relational competencies in psychiatry training, thus providing potential target of remodulation and redefinition of this specific process of education.
Review article: Pharmacologic management of obesity ‐ updates on approved medications, indications and risks
Authors: Lupianez‐Merly Camille , Dilmaghani Saam , Vosoughi Kia , Camilleri Michael 
Published: January 2024

SummaryBackgroundObesity has reached epidemic proportions, with >40% of the US population affected. Although traditionally managed by lifestyle modification, and less frequently by bariatric therapies, there are significant pharmacological advancements.AimsTo conduct a narrative review of the neurohormonal and physiological understanding of weight gain and obesity, and the development, clinical testing, indications, expected clinical outcomes, and associated risks of current FDA‐approved and upcoming anti‐obesity medications (AOMs).MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive review in PubMed for articles on pathophysiology and complications of obesity, including terms ‘neurohormonal’, ‘obesity’, ‘incretin’, and ‘weight loss’. Next, we searched for clinical trial data of all FDA‐approved AOMs, including both the generic and trade names of orlistat, phentermine/topiramate, bupropion/naltrexone, liraglutide, and semaglutide. Additional searches were conducted for tirzepatide and retatrutide ‐ medications expecting regulatory approval. Searches included combinations of terms related to mechanism of action, indications, side effects, risks, and future directions.ResultsWe reviewed the pathophysiology of obesity, including specific role of incretins and glucagon. Clinical data supporting the use of various FDA‐approved medications for weight loss are presented, including placebo‐controlled or, when available, head‐to‐head trials. Beneficial metabolic effects, including impact on liver disease, adverse effects and risks of medications are discussed, including altered gastrointestinal motility and risk for periprocedural aspiration.ConclusionAOMs have established efficacy and effectiveness for weight loss even beyond 52 weeks. Further pharmacological options, such as dual and triple incretins, are probable forthcoming additions to clinical practice for combating obesity and its metabolic consequences such as metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease.