bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Motion in A Smectic Liquid Crystal Showing V‐shaped Switching As Studied by Optical Second‐harmonic Generation
Authors: Park Byoungchoo , Nakata Michi , Ogasawara Toyokazu , Takanishi Yoichi , Ishikawa Ken , Takezoe Hideo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe molecular motion during the V‐shaped switching in a homogeneously aligned smectic C*‐like liquid crystal (LC) cell has been investigated by measuring second‐harmonic generation (SHG) interferometry. It was shown that observed SHG behaviors were successfully explained using the collective model and that azimuthal rotation of LC molecules is limited within half a cone and that LC molecules undergo counter azimuthal rotations between the top and bottom halves of the LC chevron layer structure. Possible molecular orientation within a layer was also discussed using the 4 × 4 matrix method.
Unraveling the Mystery of “Thresholdless Antiferroelectricity”: High Contrast Analog Electro‐Optics in Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Rudquist P. , Shao R. F. , Coleman D. , Bardon S. , Link D. R. , Bellini T. , Maclennan J. E. , Chen X. H. , Walba D. M. , Lagerwall J. P. F. , Buivydas M. , Gouda F. , Lagerwall S. T. , Clark N. A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA liquid crystal mixture reported to exhibit “thresholdless antiferroelectricity” has been studied in experiments employing freely suspended liquid crystal films, bookshelf cell electro‐optics, total internal reflection from bookshelf cell solid‐liquid crystal interfaces, and computer simulation. The results show that the so‐called “V‐shaped” analog electro‐optic response is due to the field‐induced switching of a twisted smectic C* structure, stabilized by strong polar surface interactions and having the twist confined to thin surface regions by polarization space charge effects. This leaves the bulk of the cell uniform, which gives good extinction at zero field.
29.1:Invited Paper:21st Century Aerospace Defense Displays
Authors: Hopper D. G. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAerospace and defense during the next few years will be dominated by the active matrix liquid crystal display, which became the preferred avionics displays technology in 1992. The trend just begun to replace electromechanical and cathode ray tube technologies with newer flat panel displays will accelerate in the 2000–2010 period as the commercial market continues its move towards digital flat television. Beyond 2010 high definition displays will begin to have a significant impact on fielded air fleets, with ultrahigh definition and even true three‐D displays beyond 2020. By 2050 filly immersive cockpits may be anticipated for air and space vehicles and their simulators.
Organic LED Full Color Passive‐Matrix Display
Authors: Fukuda Yoshinori , Miyaguchi Satoshi , Ishizuka Shinichi , Wakimoto Takeo , Funaki Jun , Kubota Hirofumi , Watanabe Teruichi , Ochi Hideo , Sakamoto Tsuyoshi , Tsuchida Masami , Ohshita Isamu , Nakada Hitoshi , Tohma Teruo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA full color 5.2 inch 1/4VGA passive‐matrix organic LED display has been developed adopting selective deposition for the different emitting materials. The display features 320 (× 3) × 240 pixels with an equivalent pixel size of 0.33 × 0.33 mm2 white peak luminance of over 150 cd/m2 and power consumption of 6 W.
Simple Structure for Blue Organic Electroluminescent Device
Authors: Nakamura H. , Ikeda H. , Kawamura H. , Higashi H. , Tokailin H. , Fukuoka K. , Hosokawa C. , Kusumoto T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe propose a new type of an organic EL device of which structure is simpler than those of conventional blue organic EL devices. We succeeded in eliminating an organic electron‐transporting layer. Low driving voltage and long lifetime were realized by doping low work function metals into an emitting layer within the narrow region of the emitting layer/cathode interface.
Investigation of Relationship between Hot Carrier Degradation and Kink Effect in Low Temperature Poly‐Si TFTs
Authors: Inoue Satoshi , Shimoda Tatsuya 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe hot carrier degradation and kink effect in low temperature poly‐Si TFTs were investigated. This was done by measuring the energies and intensities of emitted light from TFTs under bias using emission light microscopy. It was found that the hot carrier degradation is caused by high energy of the carriers whereas the kink effect is caused by large number of the carriers.
P‐2: Back‐Channel Effects on the Threshold Voltage of Low‐Temperature Poly‐Si TFTs with SiNx/SiO2 Dual Under Layer
Authors: Kawamura S. , Nishibe T. , Ibaraki N. , Hiramatsu M. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe fixed charges in the SiO2 underlying the poly‐Si active layer was shown to have a significant effect on Vth low temperature poly‐Si TFT with SiNx/SiO2 dual under layer deposited by Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). This effect is comparable to that of the charges in the gate dielectric layer. Impurities of nitrogen in the SiO2 cause the charges. The reduction of the nitrogen can stabilize Vth affected by fluctuations of deposition conditions.
Correlation of measurable characteristics and display «viewability»
Authors: Litvak Igor I. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe propose the test method of displays permitting to combine the objective metrics with the evaluation of quality of perception of the information by humans and to set ranges of values of visual parameters, in which the displays viewability is ensured. For this purpose we developed the appropriate hardware and software. The application of this method is stipulated by the new standards of Russia.
P‐13: Improvement in the Life Characteristics of Anti‐Doming‐Material‐Coated Shadow‐Mask CRTs
Authors: Koitabashi M. , Yamamoto M. , Kimura H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe lifetime of the CRT with electron reflecting coating is mainly determined by the amount of carbonate in the coating. The carbonate is formed by the reaction of water glass and CO2 in air. Its amount is affected by the moisture in air during the process of making the coating, low moisture reduces the amount of carbonate formation, and a good quality CRT are realized both in life and landing characteristics.
Invited Paper: Video Format Conversion
Authors: de Haan Gerard 
Published: January 2005

AbstractHigh quality video format converters apply motion estimation and motion compensation to prevent judder, resulting from picture rate conversion, and alias, due to de‐interlacing, in sequences with motion. Although initially considered being too expensive, high quality conversion is now economically feasible, and since 1995 available in consumer television ICs. This paper addresses the issues in format conversion and shows recent progress, introducing a new high quality video format conversion IC for consumer applications.
Kinetic and Cell‐Geometry Effects in AC‐PDP Simulation
Authors: Shin Y. K. , Shon C. H. , Lee H. S. , Kim W. , Lee J. K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA hollow‐cathode with the electrodes embedded into the barrier rib and dielectric ditched surface discharge are simulated and compared with a coplanar geometry. The kinetic simulation for the hollow‐cathode and ion energy distribution near the sheath is discussed.
Low Cost and Fast Driving LSIs for High‐Resolution and Large‐Size AC plasma Display Panels
Authors: Kwon O. K. , Lee M. Y. , Yang I. S. , Choi J. H. , Shim S. S. , Lee C. J. , Lee N. K. , Kang S. H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBoth scan and data driver LSIs for high‐resolution and large‐size ac PDPs are developed using high performance Extended Drain MOSFET (EDMOSFET) and dielectric isolation (DI) technology. The data driver LSI with the maximum driving voltage of 120V, the maximum driving current of 50mA and 60 output channels can be applied to large‐size PDP systems with fast addressing time of 0.7μsec. The scan driver LSI for large‐size ac PDPs has the maximum driving voltage of 210V and the maximum driving current of 500mA for both of the source and sink. The chip sizes of those LSIs are 25–30% smaller than conventional LSIs. The applied results of those LSIs on 40‐in color ac PDP are presented.
Blue electroluminescence from polymer light‐emitting diode
Authors: Lee J. H. , Yu H. S. , Kwon S. K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe fabricated the conjugated polymer light emitting diode that emits blue (460 nm) electroluminescence. For this we used the derivative of conjugated biphenylene vinylene polymer and we called it “Polymer Beta”. The EL efficiency of ITO/Polymer Beta/Al:Li diode was increased by the blending with hole‐transporting Poly(9‐vinyl carbazole)(PVK) and the insertion of electrontransporting Alq3 layer; the diode ITO/Polymer >Beta:PVK(3:7)/Alq3 /Al:Li turned on at 8.6 V (4.5 mA/cm2), its luminous efficiency was 0.13 lm/W and its maximum brightness was 1500 cd/m2.
Influence of Minority Carrier Mobility on Organic Electroluminescent Device Characteristics
Authors: Chen B. J. , Lai W. Y. , Gao Z. Q. , Lee C. S. , Lee S. T. , Webb D. P. , Chan Y. C. , Gambling W. A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe drift mobility of electron in thin films of tris(8‐hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum (Alq) deposited at different rates (0.2 nm/s, 0.4 nm/s and 0.7 nm/s) on silicon has been determined by the time‐of‐flight (TOF) technique. It has been found that the drift mobility of electron in Alq increased for about two orders of magnitude as the deposition rate decreased from 0.7 to 0.2 nm/s. Further, the electron drift mobility in all Alq samples increased linearly with the square root of the applied electric field. Electroluminescent devices with a structure of ITO / NPB(90 nm) / Alq(90 nm) / Mg:Ag were fabricated at different Alq deposition rates. The device efficiency was found to increase with increasing electron mobility in Alq. As electron is the minority carrier of the present device, an increase in electron mobility in Alq would thus lead to an increase in device efficiency.
New Dielectric Material on Front‐Panel of PDP
Authors: Fujimine S. , Aoki Y. , Manabe T. , Nakao Y. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe developed a new transparent dielectric material on the front‐panel of Plasma Display Panel (PDP). We found that a glass composition named YPT124 exhibited not only excellent dielectric properties but also were high transparency. The relative dielectric constant of the bulk glass is 8.3 and the transmittance of 20mm thick fired film with 2.8mm thick substrate is 83%. The relative dielectric constant and transmittance of this new material is 30% lower and 10% higher than the present commercial material respectively.
Characterization of Tubeless Packaged FED by Glass‐to‐glass Anodic Bonding Method
Authors: Lee D. J. , Ju B. K. , Oh M. H. , Lee N. Y. , Jung S. J. , Kim K. S. , Han J. I. , Jang Jin 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn this paper, we suggest the FED packaging technology, having 4mm thickness, using anodic bonding. In this method, we could achieve more 153 times increased conductance and 200 times increased vacuum efficiency than conventional tube packaging method. The vacuum level in panel, by SRG test, was maintained about low 10−4Torr during above one month. And, the light emission was observed to 0.7‐inch tubeless packaged FED. Emission stability was constantly measured for 240 hours.
Influences of ambient gases upon emission characteristics of Mo‐FEAs during frit sealing cycle
Authors: Lee N. Y. , Kim B. C. , Jung J. H. , Kang M. S. , Kim H. , Ju B. K. , Lee Y. H. , Oh M. H. , Jang J. , Ahn Saeyung 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA 3.5‐inch full‐color field emission display (FED) has been developed for the applications of flat panel display. The Spindt tip array with a pixelated anode produces uniform and clean image. Changes of electron emission characteristics between before and after frit sealing cycle were measured on the same FEAs. and properties of thin Mo‐films which frit‐sealing cycle was being done in various gaseous ambient were estimated by AFM, AES, SIMS, XPS. Possibility of applying Ar as an ambient gas to frit‐sealing cycle for vacuum packaging of field emission displays (FEDs) was reported. A set of uniquely printed spacers with the high aspect ratio is fabricated on ITO coated glass for high vacuum packaging. The low voltage phosphor is tested at anode voltage of 300V. Finally, full color images of 64 gray scale will be demonstrated.
Aging Effects in a 0.7″ FED Panel System Build‐Up
Authors: Lee Jong Duk , Oh Chang Woo , Kwon Sang Jik , Hong Kun Jo , Cho Tea Hee , Lee Neung Hun , Yoo Jae Soo , Cho Sung Hee 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFED panel system was successfully built up through the integration of a 0.7″ diagonal Si‐based Mo‐tip FEA with 25×25 pixels, Y2O3:Eu or ZnO:Zn phosphor screen, and vacuum sealing through an exhausting glass tube, including a getter. The panel system was driven by an external driver circuit having PWM driving scheme. Before character imaging, it was stabilized through tip aging by increasing slowly a pulse‐mode emission current and phosphor aging by a coulombic charging process. After aging, luminescent characteristics such as emission uniformity, charging and arcing phenomena were shown to be improved significantly.
An Analysis of Field Dependent Capture of Electrons by Ionized Activators and their Effects on Luminance in SrS Based Blue Emitting ACTFEL Display Devices
Authors: Aguilera A. , Singh V. P. , Garcia A. , Morton D. C. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new model for understanding luminance‐time characteristics of blue‐emitting SrS based a.c. thin film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) display devices was developed. It included (a) field‐dependence of the capture of conduction electrons by ionized activators and (b) field‐dependence of the relaxation of activators. Experiments involving a “dented” voltage waveforms were performed to evaluate the theoretical model.
P‐37: Electron‐Beam Mirror Projector
Authors: Dabbaj R. H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe Electron‐Beam Mirror “EBM” projector is an electron‐beam addressed light valve modulator. It used a light‐modulating and supporting layers inside a small CRT, and a schlieren optical system. The EBM has the highest known diffraction efficiency among light‐valves, produced 15 um resolution and around 1E‐8 C/sq. cm sensitivity, and can be made into large‐area modulator. Among EBM% potential applications include high resolution single‐modulator auto‐convergent simultaneous‐colour projectors, and large areas LV modulators.
3‐Dimensional Modeling of Ridge‐Fringe Field LCDs
Authors: Anderson J. E. , Bos P. J. , Cai C. , Lien A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractOne technique to achieve a multi‐domain structure in Vertically‐Aligned Liquid Crystal Displays is the Ridge‐Fringe Field (RFF) method. In this paper, we show calculated 3‐dimensional director configurations for RFF type LCDs using the vector approach. The on‐axis transmission and viewing angle are compared for four different pixel structures.
Dynamics of the Chiral‐Homeotropic Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Chen L. Y. , Chen S. H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe dynamic response of the chiral‐homeotropic liquid crystal cell has been investigated. The well‐known optical bounce which was originally found in the TN cell also appears in the chiral‐homeotropic cell. We have examined this bounce phenomenon both in experiments and performing computer simulations.
Improvement of the Switching Parameters of Addressable Bistable Type PDLC Displays with Dual Frequency Driven Liquid Crystal
Authors: Ohyama J. , Matsuda H. , Eguchi K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractImprovement of switching parameters is reported of bistable polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) with dual frequency driven liquid crystal in an acrylate polymer matrix. Low frequency voltage pulses result in the transparent state while high frequency pulses return to the opaque state; which is a time useful for practical applications, e.g. still pictures. Both states are maintained even when removing the applied voltage. Repeatedly applying of high frequency voltage pulses recover the device to the initial scattering state with high reproducibility. Polymer content and surface treatment of substrates drastically affect the PDLC droplet formation and also bistability as a result.
P‐73: Optimization of Polymer stabilized Cholesteric Texture Materials for High Brightness Projection Display
Authors: Sun Ruipeng , Jang Wongun , Yang Deng‐Ke 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe polymer stabilized cholesteric texture (PSCT) light valve is constructed using a cholesteric liquid crystal/polymer composite. It exhibits bistability at a bias voltage and is used to make a multiplexed display on a passive matrix. We optimized the performance of the PSCT valve by adjusting the cholesteric pitch, the polymer concentration and polymerization condition. We also studied the performance of the PSCT valve at various temperatures. Using the PSCT material, we have successfully constructed a projection display with high brightness and high contrast.
Novel Reverse‐Mode Light Switching of (Pseudo Side‐Chain Liquid Crystalline Copolymer Resulting in Spontaneous Homeotropic Alignment/Liquid Crystals) Composite System
Authors: Yamane H. , Kikuchi H. , Kajiyama T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new reverse‐mode light switching (transparent and opaque in undriven and driven states, respectively) has been demonstrated for the binary composite system composed of a pseudo side‐chain liquid crystalline copolymer (pseudo‐LCcoP) resulting in spontaneous homeotropic alignment and low‐molecular‐weight liquid crystals (LCs). The cell with the spontaneous homeotropic alignment showed a transparent state due to a homeotropic anchoring of the pseudo‐LCcoP at the surfaces of glass substrates. On the other hand, when a dc electric field was applied, the composite film became opaque due to the fluctuation of smectic like short‐range order fragments being formed by the side chain part of the pseudo‐LCcoP and the LCs. This light scattering state may arise from electric hydrodynamic motion of the smectic layer based on an electric current effect.
Pixel design and electro‐optic properties of multi‐domain vertically aligned mode
Authors: Konovalov V. A. , Muravski A. A. , Timofeev S. N. , Yakovenko S. Ye. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMulti‐domain texture is obtained in VA LCD by depositing dielectric black matrix on the color filter substrate above the electrode. It is shown, that without additional technological operations wide viewing angle and high brightness can be achieved.
8.3: Aperture‐Grille Vibration Suppression in Diamondtron CRT
Authors: Nishino H. , Sasai H. , Makino K. , Sugawara T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe Aperture Grille AG of a Diamondtron CRT is fixed on an AG frame with some tension in a specific direction and supported on a panel by four springs welded to the edge of the AG frame. When the panel vibrates, the vibration is transmitted to the AG frame and the AG. This causes a disturbance in the image on the panel. It is therefore necessary to restrain AG vibration in order to make the CRT high‐resolution. This paper describes the vibration measurement system developed to analyze the vibration of the AG and its frame, the vibration model based on experimental results, and the method utilized to restrain the AG vibration.
P‐55: Reflective LCD with High Brightness and Wide Viewing Angle by Using Optically Compensated Twist‐LC Cell (OCT)
Authors: Shibazaki M. , Ishinabe T. , Miyashita X. , Uchida Z. , Yoshida K. , Tanaka H. , Sunata T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe studied the design rules of the reflective type liquid crystal display (LCD) and the retardation films in order to prevent the color shift and the change of the reflectance. By analyzing the polarized state of light after passing through the LCD, and excellent reflective LCD, which shows almost constant reflectance in wide viewing angle without color shift by using the twist liquid crystal cell.
Improvement of diffusing property for reflective liquid crystal display using R‐OCB cell
Authors: Ishinabe Takahiro , Miyashita Tetsuya , Uchida Tatsuo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe have proposed a novel full‐color reflective LCD named “R‐OCB cell” composed of a mirror reflector and a front diffusing film. In order to realize a high quality reflective LCD, the reflective LCD must have a high brightness, high contrast ratio without color shift in a wide viewing angle range. In this paper, we discuss the design rule of liquid crystal layer and retardation films to obtain a high contrast ratio without color shift in a wide viewing angle range. In addition, we improved diffusing property of LCF to obtain a high brightness without image blur.
High Birefringence Bis‐tolane Liquid Crystals for Display Applications
Authors: Wu Shin‐Tson , Hsu C. S. , Shyu K. F. , Chuang Y. Y. , Cheng H. B. , Chai Z. , Day G. M. , Guo L. , Dalton L. R. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe report several bis‐tolane liquid crystals exhibiting high birefringence (Δn∼0.4), wide nematic range and modest viscosity. Their applications for display devices based on Bragg reflection and light scattering are emphasized.
32.1: Invited Paper: Amorphous Silicon Thin‐Film Transistors with Planarized Gate Insulators
Authors: Jang Jin , Lim Byung Cheon 
Published: January 2005

AbstractHigh‐performance, amorphous silicon thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with planarized gate insulators have been developed. Such TFTs can adopt thick gate metal, thin active layer and thin gate insulator, therefore are very suitable to the high‐performance, large‐area TFT‐LCDs.
Next Generation TFT‐Array Testing for High Resolution/High Content AMLCDs
Authors: Kodate M. , Libsch F. R. , Iwami T. , Jenkins L. , Mastro M. , Mekata Y. , Polastre R. , Taguchi T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAlong with the extraordinary success of low cost amorphous silicon a‐Si TFT‐LCDs, technical and cost effectiveness of the TFT‐array test is today's focus. In this paper we discuss the current TFT‐array testing status and show the next generation TFT‐array testing method for higher resolution a‐Si TFT‐LCDs. The benefits of a lower cost testing method without any degradation of the testing quality are discussed.
High Resolution AMLCD made with a‐Si:H TFTs and with an Al‐Gate and IZO Last Structure
Authors: Kinoshita H. , Scheleupen K. , Colgan E. G. , Nunes R. , Kitahara H. , Kodate M. , Tagsugi S. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractUsing a low‐cost a‐Si:H‐TFT process with an Al gate and IZO last structure a direct‐view active matrix display with the highest information content has been fabricated in a phase‐2 mass production line in DTI Himeji. The display, a 16.3″ diagonal 200ppi‐QSXGA (Quad SXGA) incorporates 7680 columns and 2048 rows. Each subpixel measures 42μm(h)x126μm(v).
Optical Modeling of Small Pixels in Reflective Mixed‐Mode Twisted Nematic Cells
Authors: Huang H. C. , Huang D. D. , Chen J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe present optical modeling of small pixels in reflective liquid crystal display (LCD). The optical analysis is divided into two parts. In the first part, the two‐dimensional (2D) director configuration of the LCD in rectangular mesh was calculated by simultaneously solving the 2D Poisson and continuum theory equations. In the second part, the generalized Jones matrix was used to simulate for the optical reflectance through the LCD with the 2D director configuration obtained from the first part. This optical modeling was applied to analyze the optical reflectance of small pixels in reflective mixed‐mode twisted nematic and birefergence (MTB) cells on silicon substrate. Both the simulated and experimental data of the MTB cells under frame and column inversions of polarity are presented.