bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bidirectional energy subsidies for fish in river mouths of a large lake as revealed by stable isotopes and fatty acids
Authors: Eglite Elvita , Stein Sarah R. , Turschak Benjamin A. , Bowen Gabriel J. , Höök Tomas O. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFreshwater river mouths may facilitate cross‐habitat resource use and bidirectional subsidization through (a) active cross‐habitat movement by consumers like fish and (b) water and material movement both downstream, from tributary to nearshore lake, and in the opposite direction due to backflow processes. Despite potential importance of freshwater river mouths, relative contributions of lentic and tributary energy sources to fishes along these ecotones remain understudied, in part because measuring cross‐habitat subsidization is not straightforward. We assessed cross‐habitat subsidization of three fish consumers round goby (Neogobius malanostomus), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), and alewife (Alosa psuedoharengus) in three river mouths of Lake Michigan, USA. Specifically, we (a) measured stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N, δ2H, δ18O) in ambient water, bivalve shells, potential invertebrate prey, and fish soft tissue, and we assessed fish nutritional status based on essential fatty acid composition, and (b) estimated Bayesian ellipses and mixing models including either two (δ13C‐δ15N) or three (δ13C‐δ15N‐δ2H) isotope ratios. Results revealed evidence of bidirectional habitat subsidies for all fishes, but energy subsidies varied by species and across river mouths; likely related to differences in species‐specific behavior and hydrologic differences among river mouths. Relative to nearshore oligotrophic Lake Michigan, fish in productive tributary environments contained relatively low essential fatty acid content, suggesting a possible trade‐off between prey quantity and quality across habitats. This study advances our understanding of resource connectivity in lake ecosystems and the combined use of multiple stable isotopes (including mixing models) and fatty acids to document cross‐habitat subsidies along freshwater ecotones.
Superposed Laguerre‐Gaussian Beams‐Based Orbital Angular Momentum Holography
Authors: Zeng Zishuai , Zhao Daomu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOrbital angular momentum (OAM) holography implements OAM of light as an information carrier to reconstruct holographic images, due to a physically unbounded set of orthogonal OAM modes. Here, superposed Laguerre‐Gaussian (LG) beams are employed as incident beams to achieve OAM holography. Notably, this scheme utilizes exact complex‐amplitude modulation, as opposed to mere phase‐only modulation, ensuring the maintenance of amplitude information. In the absence of a matching field, the output images retain the properties of incident beams with a varying number of bright petals in each sampling pixel. On the other hand, when specific incident beams are illuminated, the output images can be reconstructed with multiple matching fields that lead to different intensities. It is essential to recognize that the bright spot in each sampling pixel of the output image achieves its peak intensity only when the matching field is the conjugate of the incident light field. This work offers a novel perspective on reconstructing holographic images through various matching fields and modulating the brightness of distinct holographic images in OAM‐multiplexing holography. Additionally, a theoretically infinite number of bright petals in each sampling pixel can also serve as information carriers in holography.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among nurses in Bahrain: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Nasaif Husain , Alaradi Maryam , Hammam Ridha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among nurses in Bahrain.DesignA cross‐sectional design.MethodsA secondary data from a convenience sample of 550 nurses working in three hospitals in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was determined by calculating the percentages of BMI using the World Health Organization classification.ResultsMost participants were females (n = 488, 89.1%), ages 31 to 40 (n = 239, 43.8%). The mean BMI was 26.9 (±4.4). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 43.2% and 21.4%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is associated with nationality and shift work. We used BMI to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity. However, BMI does not consider muscle mass, bone density, body composition, and racial and sex differences. Therefore, in future studies, body fat proportion and muscle mass need to be measured to estimate the prevalence and predict risks.
Associations of relative fat mass and BMI with all‐cause mortality: Confounding effect of muscle mass
Authors: Suthahar Navin , Zwartkruis Victor , Geelhoed Bastiaan , Withaar Coenraad , Meems Laura M. G. , Bakker Stephan J. L. , Gansevoort Ron T. , van Veldhuisen Dirk Jan , Rienstra Michiel , de Boer Rudolf A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study objective was to examine associations of relative fat mass (RFM) and BMI with all‐cause mortality in the Dutch general population and to investigate whether additional adjustment for muscle mass strengthened these associations.MethodsA total of 8433 community‐dwelling adults from the PREVEND general population cohort (1997–1998) were included. Linear regression models were used to examine associations of RFM and BMI with 24‐h urinary creatinine excretion, a marker of total muscle mass. Cox regression models were used to examine associations of RFM and BMI with all‐cause mortality.ResultsThe mean age of the cohort was 49.8 years (range: 28.8–75.7 years), and 49.9% (n = 4209) were women. In age‐ and sex‐adjusted models, both RFM and BMI were associated with total muscle mass (24‐h urinary creatinine excretion), and these associations were stronger with BMI (standardized beta [Sβ]RFM: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.27–0.31 vs. SβBMI: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.36–0.40; pdifference < 0.001). During a median follow‐up period of 18.4 years, 1640 deaths (19.4%) occurred. In age‐ and sex‐adjusted models, RFM was significantly associated with all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio per 1‐SD [HRRFM]: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.09–1.24), whereas BMI was not (HRBMI: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99–1.10). After additional adjustment for muscle mass, associations of both RFM and BMI with all‐cause mortality increased in magnitude (HRRFM: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.16–1.32 and HRBMI: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06–1.19). Results were broadly similar in multivariable adjusted models.ConclusionsIn the general population, a higher RFM was significantly associated with mortality risk, whereas a higher BMI was not. Adjusting for total muscle mass increased the strength of associations of both RFM and BMI with all‐cause mortality.
Revalidation of Teachers' Sense of Efficacy Scale using Ghanaian in‐service teachers: Multidimensional item response theory with factor analyses
Authors: Quansah Frank , Agormedah Edmond K. , Ankomah Francis , Srem‐Sai Medina , Nugba Regina M. , Hagan John E. , Schack Thomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTeachers' Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES), since its development, has gained much popularity because of its adequate psychometric properties. Yet, scholarly information on the soundness of this instrument in the African context has not been documented. Besides, the previous validation studies on the TSES have yielded mixed results with different factor structures, calling for further studies to test its utility and use across different cultures. The purpose of this study was to revalidate the TSES in Ghana using item response theory (IRT) complemented by factor analyses. Through a validation study approach, 693 basic school teachers were purposively sampled to participate in the research by responding to the Teacher Efficacy Scale. The between‐item and within‐item multidimensional IRT analyses combined with factor analysis were performed to understand how the items functioned with intentions to propose a well‐fit instrument within the Ghanaian context. The outcome of this research revealed that the original TSES with a three‐factor structure, 24 items measured on a 9‐point scale did not provide an optimal measure of teachers' self‐efficacy within the Ghanaian context. Rather, a three‐structure scale with 18 items and a 6‐point scale offered a maximal measure of teachers' self‐efficacy. The practical implications of the findings are discussed.
A systematic review on experimental studies about patient adherence to treatment
Authors: Folkvord Frans , Würth Ana Roca‐Umbert , van Houten Karlijn , Liefveld Aad R. , Carlson Jim Ingebretsen , Bol Nadine , Krahmer Emiel , Beets Gwenn , Ollerton Rachel Drbohlav , Turk Eva , Hrubos‐Strøm Harald , Nahoui Hamza , Einvik Gunnar , Schirmer Henrik , Moen Anne , Barrio‐Cortes Jaime , Merino‐Barbancho Beatriz , Arroyo Peña , Fico Giuseppe , Midão Luís , Sampaio Rute , Fonseca João A. , Geipel Katja , Scheckenbach Kathrin , de Ruiter Laura E. , Lupiáñez‐Villanueva Francisco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA better understanding of patients' adherence to treatment is a prerequisite to maximize the benefit of healthcare provision for patients, reduce treatment costs, and is a key factor in a variety of subsequent health outcomes. We aim to understand the state of the art of scientific evidence about which factors influence patients' adherence to treatment. A systematic literature review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines in five separate electronic databases of scientific publications: PubMed, PsycINFO (ProQuest), Cochrane library (Ovid), Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The search focused on literature reporting the significance of factors in adherence to treatment between 2011 and 2021, including only experimental studies (e.g., randomized controlled trials [RCT], clinical trials, etc.). We included 47 experimental studies. The results of the systematic review (SR) are grouped according to predetermined categories of the World Health Organization (WHO): socioeconomic, treatment, condition, personal, and healthcare‐related factors. This review gives an actual overview of evidence‐based studies on adherence and analyzed the significance of factors defined by the WHO classification. By showing the strength of certain factors in several independent studies and concomitantly uncovering gaps in research, these insights could serve as a basis for the design of future adherence studies and models.
Change of location class in gas pipelines from a regulatory perspective
Authors: Silva Bruno Felippe , de Oliveira Erica Vanessa Albuquerque , da Cunha Marcelo Goncalves 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLocation class is an essential factor in the gas pipeline project because it considers factors such as population density and the number of buildings along the gas pipeline route. As these parameters change, the pipeline operator needs to review the location class, also requiring a possible assessment of changes in allowable pipeline operating pressure. Brazilian regulations related to the safety of pipeline processes are defined in the Onshore Pipeline Technical Regulation and this document indicates the application of the requirements of the ASME B31.8 standard for changing the location class. Although there are preventive and mitigating measures in the ASME B31.8 standard, they are seen as overly conservative. Other international standards have different concepts, with evaluation criteria based on risk analysis. The issue has also been a challenge for other countries, which are reviewing their regulations and developing guidelines for gas pipeline operators. The main objective of this study is to carry out a survey of international practices related to changing the location class of gas pipelines and to propose a criterion based on the best international practices based on risk management, allowing a more comprehensive view of this subject.
Front Cover Image
Authors: You Shijun , You Minsheng , Niu Dongsheng 
Published: January 2024

The cover image is based on the Research Article Identification of floral volatiles from Fagopyrum esculentum that attract Cotesia vestalis with potentially better biocontrol efficacy against Plutella xylostella by Shijun You et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7808.image
BMPR2 mutation and clinical response to imatinib in a case of heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Kumar Shine , Biswas Lalitha , Pushkaran Anju Choorakottayil , Kumar Raman Krishna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) mutation is the most common gene mutation implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We describe, for the first time, an excellent clinical response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib in a patient with heritable PAH from BMPR2 mutation.
Difference‐Frequency Generation with and without Quantum Interference in Superconducting Circuits
Authors: Liang Miao‐Xiang , Li Hai‐Chao , Xiong Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) plays an important role in enhancing nonlinear optical processes at the quantum level. This paper proposes an accessible scheme for realizing high‐efficiency second‐order nonlinear difference‐frequency generation beyond the conventional EIT technique in superconducting circuits. By designing two subsystems to create two transparency windows from Autler–Townes splitting (ATS), a dual‐ATS mechanism is triggered in the scheme. This mechanism leads to an efficient difference‐frequency generation, and the efficiency obtained here can be four orders of magnitude larger than that of the EIT scheme. This study may pave a way for exploring ATS‐enhanced nonlinear optics.
Enhancing gamma irradiation resistance by a‐C film treatment on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) surface
Authors: Chai Liqiang , Ma Pengxiang , Jiang Chengyan , Qiao Li , Wang Peng 
Published: January 2024

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) solid self‐lubricating materials exhibit inferior tribological properties in the gamma‐irradiated environment. In this paper, amorphous hydrogen‐free carbon (a‐C) film was deposited on the PTFE polymer surface by magnetron sputtering, and the a‐C/PTFE samples were irradiated with gamma ray at a maximum dose of up to 5 MGy. The evolution of the structure and nanomechanical and tribological properties of a‐C/PTFE with different irradiation doses were investigated. The structural analyses reveal that the microstructure of a‐C films irradiated at 5 MGy doses is stable. Due to the covering of the a‐C film, significant cracks appear at the surface of the a‐C/PTFE sample only when the irradiation dose reaches 5 MGy. Before and after irradiation, the nanohardness and Young's modulus of the a‐C/PTFE are significantly higher than those of PTFE. The mechanical properties of PTFE are improved by a‐C film surface treatment. The friction experiments show that the average friction coefficients of both a‐C/PTFE and PTFE remain stable around 0.175 with increasing irradiation dose. When the irradiation dose is within 1 MGy, frictional behaviors occur only on the surface of a‐C films, and the wear rate of a‐C/PTFE is as low as 9.3 × 10−5 mm3/N.m, which is significantly lower than that of PTFE. The method of a‐C film treatment on the PTFE surface can dramatically improve the irradiation resistance of PTFE.
The Structure and Properties of Medical Disposable Protective Clothing Materials with Different Packaging and Models under γ Irradiation
Authors: Tian Bo , Li Zhigang , Li Jinfeng , Li Tuo , Sun Yuanjie , Zhang Jianwei , Yao Gang , Zhang Nan , Zhao Hongtao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the radiation effects of commercially available medical disposable protective clothing materials under γ irradiation. FT‐IR, contact angle, DSC, OIT, and mechanical properties were used to examine the radiation effects of medical disposable protective clothing materials. The results showed when the radiation dose was less than or equal to 50 kGy, the FT‐IR spectra did not show any changes. However, when the radiation dose reached 70 kGy, new absorption peaks appeared in the infrared spectra of the TS−A and TS−B medical disposable protective clothing materials, indicating chemical changes. Contact angle analysis showed that medical disposable protective clothing materials were hydrophobic and had higher hydrophobicity on the inside than the outside under different packaging and irradiation conditions. Rheological analysis showed that the shear thinning phenomenon of medical disposable protective clothing materials increased significantly with the increase of radiation dose, and good rheological behavior was observed under vacuum packaging conditions when the radiation dose was 30 kGy. The crystallinity and initial crystallization temperature showed the order of vacuum, nitrogen, and air. The oxidation induction time trend was vacuum>nitrogen>air, while the fracture strength trend was nitrogen>vacuum>air. The mechanical properties met the national standard.
Primary Amine Discrimination Using a 19F NMR Reporter Bearing two Different Fluorine‐Containing Moieties
Authors: Hamaguchi Naoto , Nishizawa Rina , Ikeda Mayu , Yokoyama Miki , Suzuki Hiyono , Matsumoto Kouichi , Ohta Tetsuo , Oe Yohei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA new concept for analyzing primary amines using a novel 19F NMR reporter bearing two different fluorine‐containing moieties is described herein. The 19F NMR reporter, 4‐fluoro‐2‐(trifluoroacetyl)‐aminobenzaldehyde, was readily synthesized from a commercially available fluorine‐containing anthranilic acid derivative in two steps. After the imine formation of the NMR reporter with amines, 2D plots of two 19F shift‐related values were obtained. Amines with various types and sizes could be discriminated on the plot.
Effect of Length of Ethylene Glycol Sigma‐Linkers on Triphenylamine‐Based Dimers Used as Molecular Donors for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Habibi Amir Hossein , Josse Pierre , Labrunie Antoine , Gohier Frédéric , Welch Gregory C. , Blanchard Philippe , Cabanetos Clément 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe direct comparison of two push‐pull based dimers prepared in only three steps from commercially and affordable building blocks is reported herein. Built around similar absorbing units, two ethylene glycol sigma‐connectors of different lengths were used to investigate, and rationalize, their impact on the optical, self‐assembly and therefore photovoltaic properties. With significant differences from the charge transport, morphology and therefore power conversion efficiencies, results gathered in this study emphasized the potential of such simple yet efficient strategy to fine tune the processability of an active compound.
Experimental and Computational Kinetic Assessment of Ruthenium (III) Catalyzed Oxidation of Paracetamol by Hexacyanoferrate(III): A Mechanistic Pathway
Authors: Rolaniya Asha , Yadav Akta , Jain Priyanka , Sailani Riya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe ruthenium (III) catalyzed redox reaction of paracetamol with hexacyanoferrate (III) in an acidic medium has been investigated. The reaction shows fractional order dependence respecting paracetamol and first‐order dependence respecting the oxidant and ruthenium (III). It is enhanced by medium according to the equation kobs=a+b[H+]. The activation and thermodynamic parameters of the reaction have been estimated using the Arrhenius and Eyring equations. The oxidation product of paracetamol has been identified as quinone oxime through spectral analysis. Furthermore, the reaction has been examined in nine various organic solvents, and the solvents effect has been investigated by Taft's and Swain's multiparametric equations. The rate constants have been found to correlate well with Kamlet‐Taft's solvatochromic parameters (α, β, π*). The reaction constants have been found to be negative, suggesting that the reactivity is influenced mainly by the solute‐solvent interactions. On the basis of kinetic results, a plausible reaction mechanism has been proposed. The proposed mechanism is reinforced by additional evidence from density functional theory (DFT) computations conducted at b3lyp/6‐311*G (d,p) level, which demonstrate that the activation energy barriers align with the reactivity trend observed in the kinetics experiments. Therefore, these computational results provide further support for the proposed mechanism.
A fast and specific near‐infrared fluorescent probe for hydrogen sulfide detection in aquaculture freshwater
Authors: Lu Xiangyu , Zou Yajun , Yang Jialiang , Wu Liji , Zhang Xiaoyu , Zhao Gang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe content of Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of the most important indicators of aquaculture water quality monitoring, which has a profound impact on the survival of aquatic animals and the income of aquaculture. Therefore, it's of great significance to develop an accurate and convenient detection method for the detection of hydrogen sulfide in aquaculture. Herein, using 2,4‐dinitrophenyl (DNP) ether as the detection group, a novel near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, X‐NO2, based on the hemicyanine fluorophore, was designed and synthesized for H2S detection in aquaculture. Accompanied by a noticeable color change from purple to blue, the probe X‐NO2 shows strong fluorescence at 685 nm when H2S mediates the thiolysis of DNP ether and release X‐OH. In 10 % DMSO‐PBS (pH=7.4,10 mM,v/v), the probe X‐NO2 shows high selectivity to H2S than other anions and some somebiologicalthiols, and strong anti‐interference capacity. Probe X‐NO2 also has short response time (within 3 min) and low detection limit (65 nM) towards H2S and has a stable performance over a wide pH range (6‐9) in hydrogen sulfide monitoring system. Moreover, probe X‐NO2 was used to determine the H2S levels in real water samples from aquaculture accurately and conveniently, which shows a good application prospect in the future.
From Corrosion Casting to Virtual Dissection: Contrast‐Enhanced Vascular Imaging using Hafnium Oxide Nanocrystals
Authors: Goossens Eline , Deblock Loren , Caboor Lisa , Eynden Dietger Van den , Josipovic Iván , Isaacura Pablo Reyes , Maksimova Elizaveta , Van Impe Matthias , Bonnin Anne , Segers Patrick , Cornillie Pieter , Boone Matthieu N. , Van Driessche Isabel , De Spiegelaere Ward , De Roo Jonathan , Sips Patrick , De Buysser Klaartje 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVascular corrosion casting is a method used to visualize the three dimensional (3D) anatomy and branching pattern of blood vessels. A polymer resin is injected in the vascular system and, after curing, the surrounding tissue is removed. The latter often deforms or even fractures the fragile cast. Here, a method is proposed that does not require corrosion, and is based on in situ micro computed tomography (micro‐CT) scans. To overcome the lack of CT contrast between the polymer cast and the animals' surrounding soft tissue, hafnium oxide nanocrystals (HfO2 NCs) are introduced as CT contrast agents into the resin. The NCs dramatically improve the overall CT contrast of the cast and allow for straightforward segmentation in the CT scans. Careful design of the NC surface chemistry ensures the colloidal stability of the NCs in the casting resin. Using only 5 m% of HfO2 NCs, high‐quality cardiovascular casts of both zebrafish and mice can be automatically segmented using CT imaging software. This allows to differentiate even m‐scale details without having to alter the current resin injection methods. This new method of virtual dissection by visualizing casts in situ using contrast‐enhanced CT imaging greatly expands the application potential of the technique.