bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simplest Model of Nervous System. I. Formalism
Authors: Sinitskiy Anton V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study presents a novel, highly simplified model of the nervous system, inspired by one hypothetical scenario of its origin. The model is designed to accommodate both mathematical derivations and numerical simulations, offering a template for studying generalized principles and dynamics beyond the specifics of the referenced origin scenario. The model offers a holistic perspective by treating the nervous system and the environment (in their simplest forms) as parts of one system and, together with a companion paper, notes the key role of evolutionary factors (in this model, predator evasion) in shaping the properties of the nervous system. To emphasize these fundamental principles, some aspects, such as the highly dimensional nature of the networks or detailed molecular mechanisms of their functioning, are omitted in the current version. Analytically, the model facilitates insights into the stationary distribution as a solution to the Fokker-Planck equation and the corresponding effective potential and rotation (solenoidal) terms. Numerically, it generates biologically plausible (given its high abstraction) solutions and supports comprehensive sampling with limited computational resources. Noteworthy findings from the study include limitations of the commonly used weak noise approximation and the significance of rigorous mathematical analysis over heuristic interpretations of the potential. We hope that this abstract model will serve as a fruitful tool for better understanding a complete set of principles for modeling nervous systems.
A Personalized Probabilistic Approach to Ovarian Cancer Diagnostics
Authors: Ban Dongjo , Housley Stephen N. , Matyunina Lilya V. , McDonald L. DeEtte , Bae-Jump Victoria L. , Benigno Benedict B. , Skolnick Jeffrey , McDonald John F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe identification/development of a machine learning (ML)-based classifier that utilizes metabolic profiles of serum samples to accurately identify individuals with ovarian cancer (OC).MethodsSerum samples collected from 431 OC patients and 133 normal women at four geographic locations were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Reliable metabolites were identified using recursive feature elimination (RFE) coupled with repeated cross-validation (CV) and used to develop a consensus classifier able to distinguish cancer from non-cancer. The probabilities assigned to individuals by the model were used to create a clinical tool that assigns a likelihood that an individual patient sample is cancer or normal.ResultsOur consensus classification model is able to distinguish cancer from control samples with 93% accuracy. The frequency distribution of individual patient scores was used to develop a clinical tool that assigns a likelihood that an individual patient does or does not have cancer.ConclusionsAn integrative approach using metabolomic profiles and ML-based classifiers has been employed to develop a clinical tool that assigns a probability that an individual patient does or does not have OC. This personalized/probabilistic approach to cancer diagnostics is more clinically informative and accurate than traditional binary (yes/no) tests and represents a promising new direction in the early detection of OC.HIGHLIGHTSPredictive models derived from machine learning (ML) analyses of serum metabolic profiles can accurately (PPV 93%) detect ovarian cancer (OC).Only a minority of the most predictively informative metabolites are currently annotated (7%).Lipids predominate among the most predictively informative metabolites currently annotated.The frequency distribution of model-derived patient scores can be used to develop a useful clinical tool for the diagnosis of OC.
Role of the medial agranular cortex in unilateral spatial neglect
Authors: Ishii Daisuke , Osaki Hironobu , Yozu Arito , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Yamamoto Satoshi , Miyata Mariko , Kohno Yutaka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnilateral spatial neglect (USN) results from impaired attentional networks and can affect various sensory modalities, such as visual and somatosensory. The rodent medial agranular cortex (AGm), located in the medial part of the forebrain from rostral to caudal direction, is considered a region associated with spatial attention. The AGm selectively receives multisensory input with the rostral AGm receiving somatosensory input and caudal part receiving visual input. Our previous study showed slower recovery from neglect with anterior AGm lesion using the somatosensory neglect assessment. Conversely, the functional differences in spatial attention across the entire AGm locations (anterior, intermediate, and posterior parts) are unknown. Here, we investigated the relationship between the severity of neglect and various locations across the entire AGm in a mouse stroke model using a newly developed program-based analysis method that does not require human intervention. Among the various lesion positions, acute severity was higher with the lesion in the intermediate rostrocaudal position. On the other hand, the recovery from USN-like behavior after this phase tended to be slower in cases with more rostral lesions in the AGm. Additionally, no motor paralysis was observed in any of the mice with lesions in each AGm. These results suggest that the intermediate rostrocaudal position of the AGm may significantly influence selection of the direction, regardless of the areas to which it is connected. On the contrary, recovery from USN-like behavior may be dependent on the areas to which it is connected.HighlightsLesion of the rodent medial agranular cortex (AGm) results in unilateral spatial neglect (USN).In the acute phase, the severity was higher with lesions in the intermediate AGm position.Recovery from somatosensory USN tended to be slower with rostral AGm lesions.Recovery from USN may depend on sensory modalities associated with the connected areas.Our results revealed location-dependent differences in attentional functions within the AGm.
Isogenic iPSC-derived proximal and distal lung-on-chip models: Tissue- and virus-specific immune responses in human lungs
Authors: Yadav Sachin , Fujimoto Kazuya , Takenaga Toru , Takahashi Senye , Muramoto Yukiko , Mikawa Ryuta , Noda Takeshi , Gotoh Shimpei , Yokokawa Ryuji 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMicro-physiological systems (MPS) are set to play a vital role in preclinical studies, particularly in the context of future viral pandemics. Nonetheless, the development of MPS is often impeded by the scarcity of reliable cell sources, especially when seeking various organs or tissues from a single patient for comparative analysis of the host immune response. Herein, we developed human airway-on-chip and alveolus-on-chip models using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived isogenic lung progenitor cells. Both models demonstrated the replication of two different respiratory viruses, namely SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza, as well as related cellular damage and innate immune responses-on-chip. Our findings reveal distinct immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the proximal and distal lung-on-chip models. The airway chips exhibited a robust interferon (IFN)-dependent immune response, whereas the alveolus chips exhibited dysregulated IFN activation but a significantly upregulated chemokine pathway. In contrast, Influenza virus infection induced a more pronounced immune response and cellular damage in both chip models compared to SARS-CoV-2. Thus, iPSC-derived lung-on-chip models may aid in quickly gaining insights into viral pathology and screening potential drugs for future pandemics.
Assessing Age-Related Decline in Anti-Bacterial Immune Responses Using an Ex-vivo Assay in African Turquoise Killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri)
Authors: Morabito Gabriele , Dávila Aleman Francisco Daniel , Valenzano Dario Riccardo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEx-vivo immune functional assays serve as essential tools for uncovering the intricate molecular mechanisms behind immune responses, both intrinsic and extrinsic, across a diverse spectrum of conditions and interventions. In this study, we devised an innovative assay aimed at quantifying anti-bacterial responses in immune cells from the primary immune organ of small teleosts. Our model of choice is the the African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), which has emerged as a prominent model system in the field of biology of aging, because of its natural short lifespan and the broad range of aging-related dysfunctions. Using our novel ex vivo assay, we tested age-associated differences in immune cell functionality, measured as anti-bacterial responses in young and aged turquoise killifish. Our results show that the ability to inhibit bacterial growth declines in cells extracted from aged killifish, compared to young killifish. This ex-vivo assay, designed for rapid measures of immune effector responses, holds the potential to be a scalable tool for assessing the cellular and molecular basis for anti-microbial immune responses under a range of interventions.
In search of elite travel: visual communication of luxury hotels
Authors: Michael Noela , Fusté-Forné Francesc 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The relationships between luxury and tourism are manifested in meaningful customer experiences which are focused on exclusive products and services. This paper aims to examine the visual communication of hotels in the Middle East to identify what luxury features are represented.

Design/methodology/approach
The digital communication of four luxury hotels in the United Arab Emirates was analysed based on a visual content and semiotic analysis of their Instagram’s posts (N = 1,866).

Findings
Results show that customers and views of the hotel and from the hotel are the most representative features of the social media communication of luxury hotels.

Originality/value
Theoretical and practical implications derived from the results are described, and opportunities for further research are identified in relation to digital marketing communication and the effect on consumers in hospitality and tourism.
Digital transformation in tourism and hospitality industry: a literature review of blockchain, financial technology, and knowledge management
Authors: Ratna Silvia , Saide Saide , Putri Afifah Mesha , Indrajit Richardus Eko , Muwardi Didi 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis study aims to provide a new overview and opportunities of blockchain (BCT), financial technology (fintech) and knowledge management (KM) over the past ten years. Its focus is on their potential to drive new value creation and innovation processes within the digital landscape of the tourism and hospitality.Design/methodology/approachThis systematic literature review and sociotechnical approach employs a literature analysis, analyzing and synthesizing 62 relevant articles published in the past decade form e-databases (Web of Science and Scopus).FindingsThis study reveals that researchers frequently discuss the potential advantages and challenges of BCT, fintech and KM in this industry. These include establishing systems that prioritize transparency and traceability, addressing blockchain security concerns, enhancing financial transaction efficiency and trustworthiness, and promoting innovation and improvement through KM strategies. Furthermore, this review suggests that the application of blockchain, fintech and KM has the potential to create new markets and opportunities in the tourism and hospitality industry. This study provides insights into the state and implementation of technology-based and knowledge-based for tourism and hospitality in times of crisis and digitization era.Practical implicationsShifting to new lens (refers to sociotechnical theory), from technology adoption strategy, it is important to stay updated with emerging technologies such as BCT and fintech and upcoming technologies trends must align with tourism and hospitality business objectives, customer expectations and market demands. From the socio-dimension, KM is not confined to technological tools alone. Instead, it is a strategic approach that emphasizes fostering a culture of open communication, collaboration and knowledge sharing within the team of tourism and hospitality industry.Originality/valueThrough a literature review approach, this study establishes a new foundation in tourism and hospitality such as analyzing research gaps, understanding benefits and challenges, supporting methodologies/theoretical frameworks and informing the future research opportunities. Additionally, a novel contribution is the inclusion of sociotechnical approach that is allocated into socio or knowledge resources perspective (knowledge management), and technical or technology perspective (blockchain and fintech) that drives tourism and hospitality innovation.
Fundamental performance and earnings quality in private firms
Authors: Sundkvist Charlotte Haugland , Stenheim Tonny 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect on earnings quality in private firms caused by a negative shock to fundamental performance, while simultaneously addressing methodological challenges measuring fundamental performance present in prior accrual-based earnings management literature.

Design/methodology/approach
Fundamental performance is unobservable and, therefore, difficult to measure. Existing research has used proxies that are subject to estimation errors and endogeneity concerns (e.g. DeFond and Park, 1997, Balsam et al., 1995). This study attempts to overcome these issues by taking advantage of the exogenous shock in oil price which occurred in 2014 and by using a difference-in-differences approach to investigate the effect on earnings management caused by a negative shift in fundamental performance.

Findings
The results suggest that a negative shock in fundamental performance, indicated by the oil price shock in 2014, reduces earnings quality. This result holds for various robustness tests such as the use of propensity score matching, and the inclusion of firm fixed effects. Additional analysis suggests that the reduction in earnings quality is driven by an increase in positive discretionary accruals, suggesting that managers of private firms experiencing poor performance manage earnings upwards to conceal true performance.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature by examining the effect of a negative shock to performance in a setting of private firms and by addressing methodological challenges in prior literature. Private firms are fundamentally different from public firms, with the consequence that results from public firms may not be generalizable to private firms (e.g. Hope et al., 2012, Burghstahler et al., 2006, Ball and Shivakumar, 2005).
Exploring the impact of patient internet usage on patient–physician interaction, satisfaction and revisit intention: a comprehensive study
Authors: Kamboj Preeti , Agrawal Amit Kumar , Chatterjee Sheshadri , Hussain Zahid , Misra Sanjay 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The ubiquity of the internet has extended immense informational power to patients around the world who previously had abysmal knowledge about the disease they are suffering from. With a large amount of information in their hands, these educated and well-informed patients are cultivating deeper relationships and engagement with their physicians through meaningful interactions. This study aims to investigate the influence of patients’ internet usage and their interactions on their intentions to revisit and foster relationships with their physicians.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey-based questionnaire was administered at four government hospitals in Pune, involving a sample size of 400. The study intends to use structural equation modelling (SEM) to examine the hypothesized relationships identified within the research analysis.

Findings
The findings of this study indicate that patients report higher levels of satisfaction and intention to revisit when they have a strong interaction with their physician.

Research limitations/implications
This study provides valuable inputs to the hospital authorities and health-care-related policy makers. This study also contributes to the overall body of literature on health care information system, behavioural aspects of patients and doctors as well as other health-care-related staffs in hospitals.

Originality/value
The study adds values to the overall body of literature for both hospital information system, patient interaction and health care policy. To date, no research has examined the association between patient–physician interactions conducted through internet channels and subsequent behavioural intentions. Moreover, the study investigates the behavioural aspects of patients and health-care staffs, which adds value towards the body of knowledge in the extant literature.
A novel virtual-communicated evolution learning recommendation
Authors: Chen Yi-Cheng , Chen Yen-Liang 
Published: November 2023

PurposeIn this “Info-plosion” era, recommendation systems (or recommenders) play a significant role in finding interesting items in the surge of online digital activity and e-commerce. The purpose of this paper is to model users' preference evolution to recommend potential items which users may be interested in.Design/methodology/approachA novel recommendation system, namely evolution-learning recommendation (ELR), is developed to precisely predict user interest for making recommendations. Differing from prior related methods, the authors integrate the matrix factorization (MF) and recurrent neural network (RNN) to effectively describe the variation of user preferences over time.FindingsA novel cumulative factorization technique is proposed to efficiently decompose a rating matrix for discovering latent user preferences. Compared to traditional MF-based methods, the cumulative MF could reduce the utilization of computation resources. Furthermore, the authors depict the significance of long- and short-term effects in the memory cell of RNN for evolution patterns. With the context awareness, a learning model, V-LSTM, is developed to dynamically capture the evolution pattern of user interests. By using a well-trained learning model, the authors predict future user preferences and recommend related items.Originality/valueBased on the relations among users and items for recommendation, the authors introduce a novel concept, virtual communication, to effectively learn and estimate the correlation among users and items. By incorporating the discovered latent features of users and items in an evolved manner, the proposed ELR model could promote “right” things to “right” users at the “right” time. In addition, several extensive experiments are performed on real datasets and are discussed. Empirical results show that ELR significantly outperforms the prior recommendation models. The proposed ELR exhibits great generalization and robustness in real datasets, including e-commerce, industrial retail and streaming service, with all discussed metrics.
On the duality of partner type diversity on network stability: the mediating role of knowledge recombination in R&D network
Authors: Guo Min , Yang Naiding , Wang Jingbei , Liu Hui , Sayed Muhammad Fawad Sharif 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Previous research has analyzed the consequence of network stability; however, little is known about how partner type diversity influence network stability in R&D network. Based on knowledge-based view and social network theory, the purpose of this paper is to unravel the internal mechanisms between partner type diversity and network stability through the mediating role of knowledge recombination in R&D network.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors collected an unbalanced panel patent data set from information communication technology industry for the period 1994–2016. Then, the authors tested the different dimensions of partner type variety and its relevance in the R&D network and the mediating role of knowledge recombination through adopting the multiple linear regression.

Findings
Results indicate an inverted U-shaped relationship between partner type diversity (variety and relevance) and network stability, whereas knowledge recombination partially mediate these relationships.

Originality/value
From the perspective of R&D networks, this paper explores that there are the under-researched phenomena the antecedent of network stability through nodal attributes (i.e. partner type variety and partner type relevance). Moreover, this paper empirically examined the mediating role of knowledge recombination in the partner type diversity–network stability relationships. The novel perspective allows focal firm to recognize importance of nodal attributes, which are critical to fully excavate the potential capabilities of cooperating partners in R&D network.
Promoting ethnic diversity in public housing: Singapore and England compared
Authors: Ti Edward , See Alvin 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Although the Singapore model of ethnic integration through its public housing programme is well known, the formula for replicating its success elsewhere remains underexplored. This study aims to identify the criteria for successful transplantation, specifically by identifying the housing tenure types that are most amenable to the implementation of the Singapore model.

Design/methodology/approach
Through a comparative study of two common law jurisdictions – Singapore and England – this article highlights the differences in their housing landscapes and how such differences impact upon the adoption of ethnic integration policies through housing. The article also unpacks, through a cross-disciplinary lens, the concepts of public housing and housing tenures, drawing heavily on socio-legal and housing literature.

Findings
The authors observe that the implementation of ethnic integration policies is best justified and most easily achieved in leasehold estates that exhibit a strong tenurial relationship with the state retaining a more than notional role. Public housing in Singapore being an exemplar of this model, the implementation of its ethnic integration policy is relatively straightforward. By contrast, the shrinking public housing sector in England means that adoption of a similar policy would have limited reach. Even then, the political–legal environment in England that promotes home ownership is potentially hostile to the adoption of such policy as it may be seen as an infringement of private property right.

Originality/value
The cross-jurisdiction comparison is supplemented by an interdisciplinary analysis that seeks to bridge differences in the categorisation of tenure in housing and law literatures so as to promote cross-disciplinary dialogue.