bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring management reasoning when discharging high‐risk postoperative patients from the post‐anaesthesia care unit
Authors: Hvidberg Lea Baunegaard , Gamst‐Jensen Hejdi , Bader‐Larsen Karlen , Foss Nicolai Bang , Aasvang Eske Kvanner , Tolsgaard Martin Grønnebæk 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionDecision‐support tools for detecting physiological deterioration are widely used in clinical medicine but have been criticised for fostering a task‐oriented culture and reducing the emphasis on clinical reasoning. Little is understood about what influences clinical decisions aided by decision‐support tools, including professional standards, policies, and contextual factors. Therefore, we explored management reasoning employed by anaesthesiologists and PACU nurses in the post‐anaesthesia care unit during the discharge of high‐risk postoperative patients.MethodsA qualitative constructivist study, conducting 18 semi‐structured with 6 anaesthesiologists and 12 nurses across three Danish teaching hospitals. We analysed data through thematic analysis, utilising Michael Lipsky's theory of “street‐level bureaucracy” in combination with David A. Cook's Management Reasoning Framework as a sensitising concept.ResultsStandards are frequently ambiguous, requiring interpretation and prioritisation. This allows for professional discretion by circumventing established policies, reducing task‐oriented culture and enhancing the clinical reasoning processes. However, discretion in management reasoning depends on whether the clinician is inclined to uphold or adjust policies to maintain professional standards, influencing discharge decisions.ConclusionWhile decision‐support tools offer cognitive aid and help standardise patient trajectories, they also limit professional discretion in management reasoning and can potentially compromise care and treatment. This highlights the need for a balanced approach that considers both the benefits and limitations of these tools in clinical decision‐making.
Mapping corporate sponsorship of alcohol and gambling associations: An Australian pilot study
Authors: Platts Cara , Lacy‐Nichols Jennifer 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and AimsAlcohol and gambling industries use a range of strategies to oppose and undermine public health policies targeting their industries. Industry associations often play a visible role in advancing alcohol and gambling industry interests, yet there are few studies analysing who their members or partners are and the relationships between them. Our study developed an approach to map the landscape of Australian alcohol and gambling associations, their members and partners and the connections between commercial actors.MethodsWe conducted our study in four phases: first, we systematically searched for alcohol and gambling industry associations; second, we identified and classified association members and/or partners; third, we mapped three types of relationships between associations and members/partners (umbrella associations, co‐location and joint membership/partnerships); lastly, we analysed the disclosures of the members and partners of the Australian Hotels Associations and Clubs Associations.ResultsWe identified 126 industry associations and 1486 unique companies/organisations from multiple industry sectors that were members/partners. Only 75 (59.5%) associations provided a list of members/partners. Most companies/organisations were partners of only one association (n = 1218), while five companies were partners of more than 20 associations. Concerning relationships, we identified five national clusters, 27 instances of co‐location and an extensive network linking associations through shared partnerships. Finally, we assessed 658 relationships between Hotels and Clubs Associations and their partners, of which only 91 (13.8%) were transparently disclosed.ConclusionsIn Australia, many alcohol and gambling industry associations do not disclose their members or corporate partners and provide limited funding information. Members and corporate partners of Australian alcohol and gambling industry associations rarely disclose their support and are diverse in focus, size, members, partners, purpose and activities.
Bird Diversity of the Dry Chaco: Impacts of Land Use Change on Communities and Soundscapes
Authors: Cardozo Romina , Machado Ricardo B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAgricultural expansion has had negative impacts on biodiversity worldwide. Regions with high human pressure, such as the Dry Chaco in South America, require rapid studies to understand the environmental impacts and potential biodiversity loss. Ecoacoustics has been proposed as an efficient method for promoting rapid assessment of threatened regions. Using a unique field‐based bird community dataset, we evaluated the performance of two commonly used acoustic indices (acoustic diversity index and acoustic complexity index) on representing avian richness in continuous forest and forest corridors of the Paraguayan Dry Chaco. Our results from manual identification of recordings showed a higher species richness in continuous forest sites (40–61 species) than in forest corridors (22–36 species). In contrast, we found no difference in acoustic indices between sites in continuous forest or corridors. Contrary to our initial expectation, there was not a significant association between acoustic indices and bird species richness when considered across all sites. However, we found a partial and weak correlation between species richness and index values for forest corridors. We argue that habitat fragmentation and edge effects might have altered the soundscape of forest corridors, favouring bird activity rather than richness, which affects the acoustic indices response. Our study suggests that acoustic indices must be considered cautiously because other variables, besides species richness, are involved in soundscape characterisation (e.g., species vocal activity).
The Causes, Characteristics and Outcomes of Paediatric Farm Burns in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Chua Marcel , Teague Warwick J. , Tracy Lincoln M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveBurn injuries on farms are under‐recognised in Australia and New Zealand. Previous studies suggested children are at risk of burn injury, focusing on risk factors including unmodified farm work, risk‐taking behaviours, lack of supervision, and limited safety regulations. This study investigated the causes, characteristics, and outcomes of paediatric farm burns.MethodsRegistry‐based retrospective cohort study.DesignObservational.SettingBurns Registry of Australia and New Zealand (BRANZ).ParticipantsPaediatrics aged < 16 years and registered to the BRANZ between 2009 and 2021.Main Outcome MeasuresThe demographics, causes of burn injuries, pre‐ and in‐hospital management, severity, and outcomes.ResultsOut of 10 936 paediatric burns, 186 were farm‐related (1.7%). Children sustaining farm‐related burns were older than those in non‐farm environments, with 78.8% aged ≥ 5 years. Most farm burns occurred during leisure (72.5%). Predominant causes were found to be contact (62.4%), followed by flame (19.9%) and friction (10.8%). Only 56.9% received gold‐standard first aid compared to 74.0% in non‐farm environments. Farm‐related burns were smaller but a greater proportion were full‐thickness injuries, requiring surgical management with skin grafts. The majority of farm‐related burns were discharged home (97.3%) with zero deaths.ConclusionFarm‐related burns in children are distinct from burns in non‐farm environments. Despite children being well‐recognised participants in farm work, work‐related burns were relatively uncommon, and the occurrence of burns during leisure may explain low rates of recommended first aid. These insights can inform burn prevention and first aid strategies targeted at farm communities.
Early Escalation to CentriMag for Acute Myocardial Infarction‐Induced Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest With Refractory to Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygen Support
Authors: Jhuang Yi‐Han , Tsai Yi‐Ting , Lin Chih‐Yuan , Ke Hung‐Yen , Hsu Po‐Shun , Lin Yi‐Chang , Yang Hsiang‐Yu , Tsai Chien‐Sung 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)‐related refractory cardiogenic shock (rCS) remains high, particularly in patients experiencing cardiac arrest with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of early escalation to CentriMag for AMI‐induced out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with ECPR.MethodsPatients with AMI‐induced OHCA with refractory to ECMO support after ECPR were enrolled. Clinical data were analyzed to identify predictive factors for mortality and survival benefits.ResultsEighty‐nine patients were enrolled, of whom 26 underwent CentriMag implantation. The 1‐year survival rate for those with the implantation was 34.6%. In contrast, those without implantation showed a survival rate of 7.9%. The average time from the initiation of ECPR to CentriMag implantation was 22.5 ± 14.6 h. The surgical mortality group exhibited a larger body surface area, longer intervals from CPR to ECPR, shorter duration of CentriMag support, and higher preoperative serum creatinine and postoperative day 1 serum aspartate aminotransferase levels. A prolonged interval from CPR to ECPR was identified as an independent risk factor for mortality. Extended duration of CentriMag support was associated with improved survival outcomes.ConclusionsEarly CentriMag implantation rescues patients experiencing AMI‐related OHCA with rCS and refractory to ECMO support after ECPR. This intervention provides a critical time window, serving as a safe bridge to decision.
Curcumin Suppresses ROS Production and Increases Mitochondrial Activity in Cumulus Cells and Oocytes of COCs Derived From Non‐Vascularized Follicles in Pigs
Authors: Nakanishi Tomoya , Tonai Shingo , Ichikawa Haruto , Mori Shota , Ishihara Shinji , Chang Yongjin , Yamashita Yasuhisa 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn vitro maturation (IVM) produces offspring from domestic animals; however, the blastocyst rate after IVM was low. We previously reported that the developmental competence of oocytes derived from follicles with blood vessels absent on the surface (non‐vascularized follicles: NVF) is quite low compared to those derived from follicles with blood vessels present on the surface (vascularized follicles: VF). Thus, it is important to develop technique to improve the quality of NVF‐derived oocyte by IVM. Since it has been reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduces oocyte quality, in this study, we investigated whether curcumin that is known as antioxidant could improve oocyte quality derived from NVF. As results, cultivation of NVF Cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs) with curcumin significantly improved cumulus expansion and oocyte meiotic maturation of NVF COCs compared to those of NVF COCs without curcumin. Cultivation with curcumin of NVF COCs significantly improved the proliferative activity of cumulus cells. Furthermore, the cultivation significantly reduced ROS activity and increased mitochondrial activity. Hence, it was revealed that the addition of curcumin to the maturation medium increased mitochondrial activity and reduced ROS levels in NVF‐derived cumulus cells and oocytes, thereby improving the maturation of oocytes within COCs.
Advancing a Universal European Cancer Prevention Methodology for People With Intellectual Disability: Findings From CUPID Workshops in Ireland and Türkiye
Authors: McMahon Martin , Asi Ercan , Dimitrievska Vera , Gozum Sebahat , Ilgaz Aysegul , Martin Cara , O'Connor Mairead , Sykes Kate , Knapp Peter 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPeople with intellectual disability have higher rates of cancer mortality than the general population. Cancer prevention programmes and screenings are recommended in adults, including those with intellectual disability. The opinions of relevant parties are important to ensure that people with intellectual disability can achieve equity in cancer outcomes. The aim of this paper is to report the findings of two workshops held in Ireland and Türkiye in 2023, which identified key issues affecting prevention, diagnosis and management of cancer in people with intellectual disability.MethodsResearchers, practitioners, policymakers and other stakeholders with a role in cancer prevention programmes or cancer care (n = 44) participated in ‘World Café’ workshop meetings in Dublin and Ankara. The findings were synthesised under the Dahlgren and Whitehead (1991) Social Determinants of Health framework.ResultsBoth workshops identified that people with intellectual disability face challenges including: limited available cancer data in this population, health issues overshadowing cancer diagnosis, and social barriers such as low health literacy. Involving families, professionals and promoting self‐advocacy, while tailoring health services with inclusive decision making were prominent themes in both workshops as solutions. Research and person‐centered healthcare were identified as critical for developing effective cancer prevention programmes.ConclusionFor people with intellectual disability to benefit from effective cancer prevention programmes, reasonable adjustments must be made by policymakers, health institutions, primary healthcare professionals and non‐government organisations, and research evidence must underpin decisions.
Ensuring fertilizer quality in Vietnam's Mekong Delta: The role of government and market initiatives
Authors: Mano Yukichi , Arimoto Yutaka , Can Nguyen Duy , Van Hoang Do , Kojin Emi , Thiet Nguyen , Tsukada Kazunari , Tu Vo Hong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMotivationIf fertilizer is of low quality, farmers can be reluctant to use it, leading to low crop yields and low profitability. Although low‐quality fertilizer is often reported in the global south, little is said about how to solve the problem.PurposeWe examine how the government, fertilizer manufacturers and dealers, and farmers have dealt with fertilizer quality in Vietnam. We evaluate the quality of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizer samples in the Mekong Delta, a hub of rice production.Approach and methodsWe conducted in‐depth interviews and discussions with stakeholders to understand the mechanisms for ensuring fertilizer quality and their effectiveness.It became clear that concerns about fertilizer quality were not regarding products from large state enterprises that dominate the market, but rather about fertilizer from smaller, often newer, manufacturers. We collected 141 samples of NPK fertilizers from smaller manufacturers in the Mekong Delta to compare the measured levels of nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), and potassium (K) with their declared levels.FindingsThree complementary strategies for ensuring fertilizer quality have been identified: (1) government regulation and oversight through licensing, mandatory quality labelling, and random inspections; (2) manufacturer initiatives to establish brand reputation through warranties and dealer certification; and (3) farmer observations of fertilizer effectiveness that are communicated back to local dealers. The overall quality of fertilizers in the market was notably high, with the main brands from state enterprises capturing 95% of the market share. However, concerns were raised regarding the quality of lesser‐known fertilizer brands from newer manufacturers.Analysis of 141 fertilizer samples revealed that 48.9% of the minor‐brand fertilizers were lacking in at least one nutrient, exceeding the legally allowed deviation of 10%. Samples usually had excessive nitrogen and insufficient potassium.Policy implicationsThese findings highlight the necessity of coordinated government and market efforts to ensure fertilizer quality. Government regulation alone may not eliminate substandard fertilizer from the market, but it can be effective when combined with market initiatives from fertilizer manufacturers, dealers, and farmers.
Influence of Soil Texture on the Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon From Sentinel‐2 Temporal Mosaics at 34 European Sites
Authors: Wetterlind J. , Simmler M. , Castaldi F. , Borůvka L. , Gabriel J. L. , Gomes L. C. , Khosravi V. , Kıvrak C. , Koparan M. H. , Lázaro‐López A. , Łopatka A. , Liebisch F. , Rodriguez J. A. , Savaş A. Ö. , Stenberg B. , Tunçay T. , Vinci I. , Volungevičius J. , Žydelis R. , Vaudour E. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMultispectral imaging satellites such as Sentinel‐2 are considered a possible tool to assist in the mapping of soil organic carbon (SOC) using images of bare soil. However, the reported results are variable. The measured reflectance of the soil surface is not only related to SOC but also to several other environmental and edaphic factors. Soil texture is one such factor that strongly affects soil reflectance. Depending on the spatial correlation with SOC, the influence of soil texture may improve or hinder the estimation of SOC from spectral data. This study aimed to investigate these influences using local models at 34 sites in different pedo‐climatic zones across 10 European countries. The study sites were individual agricultural fields or a few fields in close proximity. For each site, local models to predict SOC and the clay particle size fraction were developed using the Sentinel‐2 temporal mosaics of bare soil images. Overall, predicting SOC and clay was difficult, and prediction performances with a ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) > 1.5 were observed at 8 and 12 of the 34 sites for SOC and clay, respectively. A general relationship between SOC prediction performance and the correlation of SOC and clay in soil was evident but explained only a small part of the large variability we observed in SOC prediction performance across the sites. Adding information on soil texture as additional predictors improved SOC prediction on average, but the additional benefit varied strongly between the sites. The average relative importance of the different Sentinel‐2 bands in the SOC and clay models indicated that spectral information in the red and far‐red regions of the visible spectrum was more important for SOC prediction than for clay prediction. The opposite was true for the region around 2200 nm, which was more important in the clay models.
Smoking and Obesity Interact to Adversely Affect Disease Progression and Cognitive Performance in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Eva Johansson , Olsson Tomas , Alfredsson Lars , Hedström Anna Karin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSmoking and obesity interact to exacerbate the risk of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, but their potential synergistic effects on outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) have not been well studied. We aimed to study whether smoking and obesity interact to affect disease progression and cognitive function in patients with MS.MethodsIncident cases from the population‐based case–control study Epidemiological Investigation of MS (EIMS) were categorized by smoking and obesity status at diagnosis and followed up to 15 years postdiagnosis through the Swedish MS registry (n = 3336). Cox regression was used to analyze outcomes, including clinical disease worsening (CDW), progression to Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) levels 3 and 4, physical worsening as measured by a 7.5‐point increase in the MS Impact Scale (MSIS) physical score, and cognitive decline, defined as an 8‐point or greater reduction on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Interaction effects on the additive scale were assessed by combining dichotomous variables for smoking (nonsmoker = 0, smoker = 1) and obesity (nonobese = 0, obese = 1), yielding four categories: 0/0 (reference category), 0/1, 1/0, and 1/1.ResultsAdditive interactions between smoking and obesity were identified for CDW (attributable proportion due to interaction [AP] 0.18, 95% CI 0.03–0.30), progression to EDSS 4 (AP 0.18, 95% CI 0.08–0.26), MSIS‐Physical score worsening (AP 0.32, 95% CI 0.21–0.42), and cognitive decline (AP 0.27, 95% CI 0.19–0.35).ConclusionsSmoking and obesity appear to synergistically worsen MS progression and cognitive functioning, with the observed additive interactions across most outcomes suggesting that these factors partly share common biological pathways contributing to disease progression.
Project WORMS (working to overcome resistance and make for a sustainable future): Horse owner survey on equine parasite control in the UK. Part 1. Management factors
Authors: Shrubb J. , Robinson N. , Rendle D. , Schofield I. , Scott C. , Crabtree J. , Hunter G. , Dean R. , Parker R. , Mair T. 
Published: February 2025

SummaryBackgroundAnthelmintic resistance in equine parasites is increasing. Pasture management is a vital component of helminth control; its implementation is key to reducing anthelmintic dosing frequency to reduce selection pressure for resistance.ObjectivesTo investigate how horse owners use management procedures to control common intestinal parasites in horses.Study designCross‐sectional study conducted through an online questionnaire of UK horse owners.MethodsThe questionnaire (combination of multiple choice, Likert scale and free‐text questions) was distributed via practices, equestrian organisations, etc., from December 2021 to October 2022. Respondents were asked about pasture management, diagnostic testing and worm‐associated illnesses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed in Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS.ResultsThere were 4232 usable responses. Only 21.5% of respondents alternated or co‐grazed their horse with ruminants (higher for horses grazing on private properties compared to horses grazing on livery yards; p < 0.001). The majority of owners (73.3%) removed faeces from pastures (poo‐picking), of which 86.4% removed faeces twice a week or more. Owners of horses pastured individually were more likely to poo‐pick (89.8%) than horses pastured in groups (68.9%; p < 0.001). The majority of respondents (77.1%) rested pastures, but less than 5% for over 6 months. Only 5.1% of owners reported they had experienced illnesses related to worms in any horse (commonest clinical signs were colic and weight loss).Main limitationsRisk of selection bias and social desirability bias. Some aspects of pasture management (e.g. stocking density) were not included. Horse owners were asked to complete the questionnaire for one horse only.ConclusionsMany owners (>25%) are not routinely poo‐picking, and the majority are not co/alternate grazing or resting pastures effectively, identifying opportunities to improve parasite control. Optimising management practices should reduce the requirements for using anthelmintics to achieve parasite control, thereby reducing selection pressure on the development of resistance.