bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergence of truncated PB1-F2 protein of H3N2 influenza virus during its epidemic period in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Pingmin Wei , Pengfei Luo , wei Li , Hairong Zi , Xian Qi , Fei Deng , Yuanfang Qin , Bin Wu , Fenyang Tang 
Published: January 2024

Background
PB1-F2 protein has been proven to increase the pathogenicity of influenza A virus (IAV) strains in primary infection and in secondary bacterial infection. It can also regulate the activity of viral polymerase. However, it was shown in another retrospective study that a portion of IAVs do not express full-length PB1-F2 protein during virus development; different kinds of stop codons cause exits in the open reading frames and form PB1-F2 gene products with the corresponding genotypes. Truncated PB1-F2 in human H3N2 IAVs has long been detected in North America but its evolution in China is still unclear.

Methods
Influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) from the whole of Jiangsu Province were collected and inspected to determine the type and subtype of the viruses. A portion of isolates collected in the epidemic period were selected as samples for later whole-genome sequencing, and the exact sequences were determined and analyzed.

Results
H3N2 influenza virus was one of the epidemical strains which had been prevalent during 2009-2010, in Jiangsu. Five H3N2 isolates with truncated PB1-F2 protein (25aa) were detected in influenza samples from Nanjing and Xuzhou, while seven similar H3N2 isolates were also reported in Niigata, Japan.

Conclusion
This emergence indicates the possibility that there has been transmission of the H3N2 virus between the two countries.
Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection and empirical antibiotic therapy for MRSA infection: multicenter investigation
Authors: Deng Li-jing , Wu Xiao-dong , Kang Yan , Xu Yuan , Zhou Jian-xin , Wang Di-fen , Chen De-chang 
Published: January 2024

Background
The epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) maybe changed by strict infection control measures, and the impact of empirical antibiotic therapy on the outcomes of MRSA infection was not clear. We aimed to investigate the present epidemiological status of MRSA infection and empirical antibiotic therapy for MRSA infection in university teaching hospitals in mainland China.

Methods
The present study was a multicenter prospective observational study conducted in five university teaching hospitals. Patients who were consecutively admitted to the intensive care unit and signed a consent form from March 3, 2011 to May 31, 2011 were included. Patients with age <18 years or with a length of hospital stay <48 hours were excluded from this study. The following variables were collected or recorded: demographic data, general status, APACHE II score of the patient at the time of admission, infections, and the use of antibiotics during a stay. Primary outcomes and prognostic indicators included length of hospital stay and 28-day and 90-day mortality. The differences between the patients with appropriate empirical therapy and patients with inappropriate therapy were analyzed to detect the influences of antibiotic therapy on the prognosis of MRSA infection.

Results
A total of 682 cases were enrolled. Thirty (66.2%) of 88 MRSA cases were treated with effective antibiotics for MRSA infection; only 20% received appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment. The empirical therapy group compared with the target therapy group had a shorter length of stay, but there were no significant differences in mortality rates. There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay, length of stay, and 28-day and 90-day mortality between MRSA-infected patients who received or not received effective antibiotics. Two hundred and eighteen cases received sensitive antibiotics for MRSA.

Conclusions
The MRSA infection rates are at relatively low levels in university teaching hospitals in China. The empirical use of sensitive antibiotics for MRSA infection was at relatively high rate, and there is a tendency of overusing in patients without MRSA infection. On the other hand, the rate of appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy for patients with MRSA infection is relatively low.
Effects of resolvin D1 on inflammatory responses and oxidative stress of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice
Authors: Wang Lei , Yuan Ruixia , Yao Chengyue , Wu Qingping , Christelle Marie , Xie Wanli , Zhang Xingcai , Sun Wei , Wang Huiqing , Yao Shanglong 
Published: January 2024

Background
A variety of inflammatory mediators and effector cells participate together in acute lung injury, and lead to secondary injury that is due to an inflammatory cascade and secondary diffuse lung parenchyma injury. Inflammation is associated with an oxidative stress reaction, which is produced in the development of airway inflammation, and which has positive feedback on inflammation itself. Resolvin D1 can reduce the infiltration of neutrophils, regulate cytokine levels and reduce the inflammation reaction, and thereby promote the resolution of inflammation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of resolvin D1 on an inflammatory response and oxidative stress during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury.

Methods
LPS (3 mg/kg) was used to induce the acute lung injury model. Pretreatment resolvin D1 (100 ng/mouse) was given to mice 30 minutes before inducing acute lung injury. Mice were observed at 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 7 days after LPS was administrated, then they were humanely sacrificed. We collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the lung tissues for further analysis. Paraffin section and HE staining of the lung tissues were made for histopathology observations. Parts of the lung tissues were evaluated for wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio. tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, inter leukin (IL)-1β, IL-10 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA) assay kit was used to detect MDA. A total superoxide dismutase assay kit with WST-1 was used to analyze superoxide dismutase (SOD). We determined the apoptosis of neutrophils by Flow Cytometry. A real-time quantitative PCR Detecting System detected the expression of mRNA for heme oxygenase (HO)-1.

Results
Pretreatment with resolvin D1 reduced the pathological damage in the lung, decreased the recruitment of neutrophils and stimulated their apoptosis. It markedly decreased the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and increased the expressions of IL-10, and decreased the production of MDA and increased the expressions of SOD. The mRNA expression of HO-1 was also significantly increased.

Conclusions
Resolvin D1 displays potent anti-inflammatory actions by regulating cytokines, inhibiting aberrant neutrophil recruitment and stimulating apoptosis of neutrophils. Resolvin D1 can also relieve the injury due to oxidative stress. The mechanisms might be related to increase HO-1 expression.
Cbl-b and PI3K/Akt pathway are differently involved in oxygen-glucose deprivation preconditioning in PC12 cells
Authors: ZHANG Wei , YU Huan , ZOU Wei , WANG Yan-fu , LIANG Xiao-feng , ZHANG Bo , KONG Jing-jing , LI Pai , ZHANG Duo-duo , YIN Lin 
Published: January 2024

Background
Transient sublethal ischemia is known as ischemic preconditioning, which enables cells and tissues to survive subsequent prolonged lethal ischemic injury. Ischemic preconditioning exerts neuroprotection through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. Cbl-b belongs to the Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl) family, and it can regulate the cell signal transduction.The roles of ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b and PI3K/Akt pathway and the relationship between them in oxygen-glucose deprivation preconditioning (OGDPC) in PC12 cells were investigated in the present study.

Methods
Oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) model in PC12 cells was used in the present study. The 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, nuclear staining with Hoechst 33258, and Western blotting were applied to explore the roles of Cbl-b and PI3K/Akt pathway and the relationship between them in OGDPC in PC12 cells.

Results
Cell viability was significantly changed by OGD and OGDPC. OGD significantly decreased cell viability compared with the control group (P <0.05), and preconditioning could rescue this damage was demonstrated by the increase of cell viability (P <0.05). The expression of Cbl-b was significantly increased after OGD treatment. However, the activation of Akt and GSK3β was greatly inhibited. Preconditioning could inhibit the increase of Cbl-b caused by OGD and increase the activation of Akt and GSK3β. LY294002, a specific inhibitor of PI3K, could effectively inhibit the increase of Akt and GSK3β after preconditioning treatment. It partly inhibited the decrease of Cbl-b expression after preconditioning treatment.

Conclusion
Ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b and PI3K/Akt pathway are differently involved in OGDPC in PC12 cells.
Totally laparoscopic bypass surgery for aortoiliac occlusive disease in China
Authors: GUO Lian-rui , GU Yong-quan , QI Li-xing , TONG Zhu , WU Xin , GUO Jian-ming , ZHANG Jian , WANG Zhong-gao 
Published: January 2024

Background
Totally laparoscopic aortic surgery is still in its infancy in China. One of the factors preventing adoption of this technique is its steep learning curve. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic surgery for aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD).

Methods
From November 2008 to November 2012, 12 patients were treated for severe AIOD with a totally laparoscopic bypass surgery at our university hospital. The demographic data, operative data, postoperative recovery data, morbidity and mortality were analyzed and compared with those of conventional open approach.

Results
Twelve totally laparoscopic aortic surgery procedures, including two iliofemoral bypasses (IFB), three unilateral aortofemoral bypasses (UAFB), and seven aortobifemoral bypasses (ABFB), were performed. Conversion to open procedures was required in three patients. The mean operation time was 518 (range, 325-840) minutes, mean blood loss was 962 (range, 400-2500) ml, and mean aortic anastomosis time was 75 (range, 40-150) minutes. Compared with conventional open approach for aortofemoral bypasses performed concomitantly during this period, laparoscopic patients required fewer narcotics and a shorter in-hospital stay and earlier recovery. Postoperative complications developed in four patients, including a single patient with transient left hydronephrosis, ischemic colonic fistula and pneumonia, residual aortic stenosis proximal to the anastomotic site, and asymptomatic partial left renal infarction. All patients recovered and were discharged on postoperative Days 7-14 except one patient that died of respiratory failure on Day 46. All grafts were patent with follow-up imaging performed by Duplex examination, with a mean follow-up time of 10.7 (range, 2-61) months.

Conclusion
Totally laparoscopic bypass surgery is a feasible and safe procedure for AIOD, but attention needs to be paid to improve laparoscopic skills of vascular surgery in order to minimize morbidity during the learning curve of this advanced procedure.
Zinc ion implantation-deposition modification of titanium for enhanced adhesion of focal plaques of osteoblast-like cells
Authors: XU Juan , HU Min , TAN Xin-ying , LIU Chang-kui 
Published: January 2024

Background
Surface modification by ion implantation-deposition is well established in materials science and can be an effective way to improve biocompatibility. The aim of this study is to evaluate the chemical composition of a modified titanium (Ti) surface after zinc (Zn) ion implantation and deposition and examine the effect of the modification on the formation of cellular focal adhesion plaques in vitro.

Methods
cp-Ti discs were modified with Zn ion implantation and deposition via PIIID. The chemical composition of the surface modification was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation of focal adhesion plaques on the modified Ti was investigated with human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells that were seeded onto the Ti surfaces and quantified by morphometric analysis under a confocal microscope.

Results
XPS data revealed that the modified Zn-Ti surface consisted of Ti, oxygen, Zn, and carbon. In addition, Gaussian fitting of the spectra indicated that the modified surface contained titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. After 6 hours of MG-63 cell culture, there were significantly more focal adhesion plaques on the modified surfaces than observed on the nonmodified Ti (P <0.05).

Conclusion
Zn ion implantation and deposition greatly improved the biocompatibility of Ti for the growth of MG-63 cells.
miR-30b and miR-30c expression predicted response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors as first line treatment in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: GU Yan-fei , ZHANG Hui , SU Dan , MO Min-li , SONG Pan , ZHANG Fang , ZHANG Shu-cai 
Published: January 2024

Background
Aberrantly expressed microRNAs are a hallmark of cancer, and microRNA expression profiling is associated with tumor progression and response to chemotherapy, suggesting their potential application as prognostic and predictive biomarkers. The role of microRNAs in lung cancer remains elusive. It has been recently reported that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) tyrosine kinase can regulate expression of specific microRNAs including miR-30b, miR-30c, miR-221, miR-222, miR-103 and miR-203, and induce tumorigenesis and gefitinib resistance in lung cancers. We intend to study the role of miR-30b and miR-30c expression in predicting response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods
We have therefore retrospectively examined expression of miR-30b miR-30c in 41 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue samples from NSCLC patients when TKIs were used as first line therapy.

Results
We found a significant correlation between expression of miR-30b and miR-30c. Furthermore, miR-30b and miR-30c expression correlated with short-term response. Kaplan-Meier analysis further revealed that the expression of miR-30b and miR-30c predicted progression free survival and the overall survival rate in the examined cohort.

Conclusion
Our study identified miR-30b and miR-30c as useful prognostic predictors in NSCLC patients who underwent first line treatment with TKIs.
Usefulness of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy for the spasticity of the subscapularis in patients with stroke: a pilot study
Authors: Kim Yong Wook , Shin Ji Cheol , Yoon Jeong-Gyu , Kim Yong-Kyun , Lee Sang Chul 
Published: January 2024

Background
There are not many studies about treatment of shoulder spasticity. Although botulinum toxin injection has been reported to be effective for shoulder spasticity, the effectiveness was judged by pain and limited motion change, but not the spasticity itself. Shoulder spasticity is considered to play an important role in hemiplegic frozen shoulder. However, the subscapularis muscle, unlike the pectoralis major muscle, is located deep beneath scapula, where conventional injection is difficult to perform. As extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been reported to be effective for spasticity relief, and we thought spasticity of subscapularis muscle located deep beneath the scapula would be a good candidate for ESWT treatment. This study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of radial ESWT (rESWT) on spastic subscapularis muscle in stroke patients.

Methods
This is an uncontrolled, prospective, unicenter, clinical pilot study. Stroke patients (n=57; mean age 55.4 years) with spastic shoulders were recruited between June 2011 and February 2012 at the University Rehabilitation Hospital. rESWT was administered to each patient every two or three days for two weeks (five total treatments). Evaluation consisted of 11 measurements for each patient; at the start of each of the five treatments and once per week during the following six weeks. Spasticity was measured at external rotator muscles of the shoulder using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), and passive range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder in external rotation was recorded. Pain was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS) during passive ROM of the shoulder in external rotation, and was additionally recorded for patients who preserved cognitive and communicative ability (Pain group).

Results
Reduction in MAS and VAS and improvement of ROM during and after rESWT treatments were prominent compared to baseline. The reduction in MAS and VAS and improvement of ROM continued four weeks after the last treatment and the effects of the treatment decreased afterward.

Conclusion
rESWT will be able to provide stroke patients with an effective and safe procedure for the reduction of spasticity and pain as well as for the improvement of ROM of spastic shoulders.
Duct-to-mucosa versus invagination pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a meta-analysis
Authors: BAI Xue-Li , ZHANG Qi , Masood Noman , Masood Waqas , GAO Shun-Liang , ZHANG Yun , Shahed Shazmeen , LIANG Ting-Bo 
Published: January 2024

Background
Postoperative pancreatic fistula remains one of the most common and troublesome complications following pancreaticoduodenectomy. No consensus exists regarding the optimal pancreaticojejunostomy reconstruction technique to reduce this complication. We aimed to perform a systematic review comparing two commonly used techniques of pancreaticojejunostomy reconstruction (duct-to-mucosa versus invagination), by meta-analysis and assessment of evidence quality.

Methods
Databases searched including The Cochrane Library, Medline, PubMed, Embase, etc. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing duct-to-mucosa and invagination pancreaticojejunostomy were included. Outcomes of interest were pancreatic fistula rate, mortality, morbidity, reoperation and hospital stay. Pooled estimates were expressed as risk ratio (RR) or mean difference.

Results
From 321 identified abstracts, four RCTs (467 patients; duct-to-mucosa: 232; invagination: 235) were included. Pancreatic fistula rate (RR, 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24-2.28; P=0.60), mortality (RR, 1.18; 95% CI: 0.39-3.54; P=0.77), morbidity (RR, 0.91; 95% CI: 0.69-1.21; P=0.53), reoperation (RR, 1.09; 95% CI: 0.54-2.22; P=0.81) and hospital stay (mean difference, -1.78; 95% CI: -4.60-1.04; P=0.22) were similar between techniques.

Conclusions
Duct-to-mucosa and invagination pancreaticojejunostomy are comparable with regards to assessed parameters. High-quality, large-volume, multi-center RCTs with standard outcome definitions are required.
A new classification of nevus of Ota
Authors: HUANG Wen-hui , WANG Hong-wei , SUN Qiu-ning , JIN Hong-zhong , LIU Yue-hua , MA Dong-lai , ZUO Ya-gang , ZHENG He-yi , WAN Kuo , JING Quan , ZHAO Yong-liang 
Published: January 2024

Background
The nevus of Ota, is a common benign pigmentary dermatosis, mainly involve innervation area of first and second branch of trigeminal nerve. The classification of nevus of Ota was proposed by Tanino, based on 26 cases of nevus of Ota from 1937 to 1940. Studies about its classification are rarely seen in last 70 years, while it is still practical today.

Methods
Based on the clinical photographs, 1079 consecutive patients with nevus of Ota were verified and reclassified according to the innervation areas of the trigeminal nerve branches.

Results
In these 1079 cases, 866 patients were in line with Tanino's classification (80.26%), and 213 patients were not (19.74%). We put forward a new clinical classification (Peking Union Medical College Hospital classification, PUMCH classification) of nevus of Ota based on the innervation area of the trigeminal nerve branches, composed of 5 types and 14 subtypes. The 5 types were as follows: Type I — pigmentation maculeses involving the innervation area of one of the three trigeminal nerve branches, of which there were 424 cases (39.3%), comprising 6 subtypes; Type II — pigmentation macules involving the innervation area of two branches of the three trigeminal nerve branches, of which there were 221 cases (20.48%), comprising 4 subtypes; Type III — pigmentation macules involving the innervation area of all three trigeminal nerve branches, of which there were 361 cases (33.45%), comprising 2 subtypes; Type IV — bilateral type, in which the pigmentation macules involves the bilateral cheek, of which there were 63 cases (5.84%), comprising 2 subtypes; and Type V — complications occurred in the patient, of which there were 10 cases (0.93%).

Conclusion
The new classification of nevus of Ota is based on the innervation area of the trigeminal nerve branches, and it covers all types of Tanino's classifications; on that basis, some new types and subtypes are brought in and cover almost every clinical condition.
Prevention of catheter-related Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection by levofloxacin-impregnated catheters in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Yan Ping , Liu Wei , Kong Jinliang , Wu Hong , Chen Yiqiang 
Published: January 2024

Background
Implanted medical catheter-related infections are increasing, hence a need for developing catheter polymers bonded to antimicrobials. We evaluated preventive effects of levofloxacin-impregnated catheters in catheterrelated Psuedomonas aeruginosa (strain PAO1) infection.

Methods
Drug release from levofloxacin-impregnated catheters was measured in vitro. Levofloxacin-impregnated catheters and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) catheters were immersed in 5 ml 50% Luria Bertani medium containing 108 CFU/ml Pseudomonas aeruginosa then incubated for 6, 12, 24 or 48 hours at 37°C when bacteria adhering to the catheters and bacteria in the growth culture medium were determined. Impregnated and PVC catheters were singly implanted subcutaneously in mice, 50 μl (107CFU) of PAO1 was injected into catheters. After the first and fifth days challenge, bacterial counts on implanted catheters and in surrounding tissues were determined microbiologically. Bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on implanted catheters were assessed by scanning electron microscopy.

Results
Drug release from levofloxacin-impregnated catheters was rapid. Levofloxacin-impregnated catheters had significantly fewer bacteria compared to PVC in vitro. After first and fifth day of challenge, no or significantly fewer bacteria adhered to impregnated catheters or in surrounding tissues compared to PVC. Scanning electron microscopical images after first day displayed from none to significantly fewer bacteria adhering to impregnated implanted catheters, compared to bacteria and microcolonies adhering to PVC catheters. After the fifth day, no bacteria were found on impregnated catheters, compared to clusters surrounding mucus-like substance and coral-shaped biofilms with polymorphonuclear leukocyte on PVC catheters. After the first day of challenge, secretion occurred in all implanted catheters with surrounding tissues mildly hyperaemic and swollen. After the fifth day, minute secretions inside impregnated catheters and no inflammation in tissues, whereas purulent secretion inside PVC catheters and abscesses in surrounding tissues.

Conclusion
Levofloxacin-impregnated catheter is a promising new strategy for prevention of catheter-related Psuedomonas aeruginosa infection.