bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New mitogenomes from the genus Cricotopus (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae): Characterization and phylogenetic implications
Authors: Li Shu‐Yi , Chen Meng‐Han , Sun Li , Wang Rui‐Hao , Li Chen‐Hong , Gresens Susan , Li Zhao , Lin Xiao‐Long 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCricotopus is a large and diverse genus of non‐biting midges composed of several subgenera. Complete mitogenome sequences are available for very few Cricotopus species. The subgenus Pseudocricotopus unites species with unusual morphological structures in adult male and pupal stages, however, molecular methods are needed to verify the placement of this subgenus within Cricotopus. We obtained mitogenomes of C. (Pseudocricotopus) cf. montanus and nine other Cricotopus species for phylogenetic analysis, coupled with two Rheocricotopus species and one Synorthocladius species as outgroups. The structure of the mitogenome was similar among these Cricotopus species, exhibiting A+T bias and retaining ancestral gene order. Mutation rate, estimated as Ka/Ks, varied among genes, and was highest for ATP8 and lowest for COI. The phylogenetic relationships among species of Cricotopus, Rheocricotopus and Synorthocladius was reconstructed using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood estimation. The phylogenetic trees confirmed placement of subgenus Pseudocricotopus, represented by Cricotopus cf. montanus, within Cricotopus. Our study increases the library of chironomid mitogenomes and provides insight into the properties of their constituent genes.
Molecular characterization and functional analysis of a beta‐1,3‐glucan recognition protein from oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Cao Zhishan , Cao Jinjun , Vlasenko Volodymyr , Bakumenko Olha , Li Weihai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe beta‐1,3‐glucan recognition protein (BGRP) is an important pattern recognition protein (PRP), which plays an important role in immune recognition and signaling pathway of insect innate immunity. Herein, a BGRP gene was obtained from the transcriptome of Grapholita molesta and its expression was verified by PCR. The full cDNA of the GmBGRP gene was 1691 bp encoding 486 amino acid residues. The calculated molecular mass of the mature protein was 54.83 kDa with an estimated pI of 6.14. The amino acid sequence of GmBGRP was highly homologous to BGRPs of other lepidopterans including Leguminivora glycinivorella BGRP‐3. Expression profile of GmBGRP at different developmental stages and different tissues of 5th instar larvae showed that the expression level of this gene tends to slightly increase and then decrease at the adult stage, with the highest at the pupa stage; and mainly expressed in the epidermis, fat body and hemocytes compared with other tissues. In addition, we investigated the transcription levels of other immune‐related genes, such as Serine‐1, Serine‐2, Serine‐3, Serpin, SRCB (scavenger receptor gene), Toll, PPO (prophenoloxidase) upon GmBGRP gene silencing, indicating that GmBGRP expression is associated with immune responses of G. molesta. This was further supported by the upregulation of the mRNA level of GmBGRP following fungal infection. Taken together, these results provide experimental evidence for the role of GmBGRP gene in immune defense in G. molesta larvae.
1,2,3‐Triazole‐based esters and carboxylic acids as nonclassical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors capable of cathepsin B inhibition
Authors: Siwach Kiran , Rani Manishita , Vats Lalit , Giovannuzzi Simone , Paul Avijit Kumar , Brahma Mettle , Kumari Neetu , Maruthi Mulaka , Raghav Neera , Supuran Claudiu T. , Sharma Pawan K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHerein, we report the design and synthesis of a library of 28 new 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives bearing carboxylic acid and ester moieties as dual inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and cathepsin B enzymes. The synthesised compounds were assayed in vitro for their inhibition potential against four human CA (hCA) isoforms, I, II, IX and XII. The carboxylic acid derivatives displayed low micromolar inhibition against hCA II, IX and XII in contrast to the ester derivatives. Most of the target compounds showed poor inhibition against the hCA I isoform. 4‐Fluorophenyl appended carboxylic acid derivative 6c was found to be the most potent inhibitor of hCA IX and hCA XII with a KI value of 0.7 μM for both the isoforms. The newly synthesised compounds showed dual inhibition towards CA as well as cathepsin B. The ester derivatives exhibited higher % inhibition at 10−7 M concentration as compared with the corresponding carboxylic acid derivatives against cathepsin B. The results from in silico studies of the target compounds with the active site of cathepsin B were found in good correlation with the in vitro results. Moreover, two compounds, 5i and 6c, showed cytotoxic activity against A549 lung cancer cells, with IC50 values lower than 100 μM.
Discovery of novel harmine derivatives as GSK‐3β/DYRK1A dual inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease treatment
Authors: Qiu Jingsong , Feng Xiangling , Chen Huanhua , Liu Wenwu , Liu Wenjie , Wu Limeng , Gao Xudong , Liu Yanfang , Huang Yaoguang , Gong Hao , Qi Yiming , Xu Zihua , Zhao Qingchun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultitarget‐directed ligands (MTDLs) have recently attracted significant interest due to their superior effectiveness in multifactorial Alzheimer's disease (AD). Combined inhibition of two important AD targets, glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) and dual‐specificity tyrosine phosphorylation‐regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), may be a breakthrough in the treatment of AD. Based on our previous work, we have designed and synthesized a series of novel harmine derivatives, investigated their inhibition of GSK‐3β and DYRK1A, and evaluated a variety of biological activities. The results of the experiments showed that most of these compounds exhibited good activity against GSK‐3β and DYRK1A in vitro. ZLQH‐5 was selected as the best compound due to the most potent inhibitory effect against GSK‐3β and DYRK1A. Molecular docking studies demonstrated that ZLQH‐5 could form stable interactions with the ATP binding pocket of GSK‐3β and DYRK1A. In addition, ZLQH‐5 showed low cytotoxicity against SH‐SY5Y and HL‐7702, good blood–brain barrier permeability, and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. More importantly, ZLQH‐5 also attenuated the tau hyperphosphorylation in the okadaic acid SH‐SY5Y cell model. These results indicated that ZLQH‐5 could be a promising dual‐target drug candidate for the treatment of AD.
The establishment and application of a one‐step multiplex real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Streptococcus suis, Streptococcus suis serotype 2, and Glaesserella parasuis
Authors: Xin Lingxiang , Wang Haojie , Hu Yunhao , Liu Yan , Yao Wensheng , Wang Xiuli , Li Jian , Liu Yuanjie , Tong Rendong , Wang Qi , Lu Youlong , Zhu Liangquan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article aims to establish a multiplex real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the simultaneous detection of Streptococcus suis (SS), Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2), and Glaesserella parasuis (GPS). In this study, three pairs of primers and three probes were designed based on the specific sequences of SS (gdh), SS2 (cps2j), and GPS (infB). The results showed that the assay was not cross‐reacted with other swine pathogens (Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis; Streptococcus pyogenes). 108 to 102 copies/μL showed the R2 values for SS, SS2, and GPS were 0.999, 0.992, and 0.990, respectively. The multiplex real‐time PCR efficiency was 93.816% for gdh, 105.260% for cps2j, and 93.175% for infB. The sensitivity result showed that SS, SS2, and GPS could be detected at 10 copies/μL. The repeatability result showed that intra‐assay and inter‐assay coefficients of variation of SS, SS2, and GPS were <2%. The best cutoff values for SS, SS2, and GPS were determined from ROC curves to be 35.085, 35.620, and 34.940, respectively. Areas under the curve were 0.943, 0.968, and 0.958. In total, 88 clinical samples were analyzed. The results indicated positive rates of 11.364% (10/88) for SS, 20.455% (18/88) for SS2, and 18.182% (16/88) for GPS. In conclusion, the developed one‐step multiplex real‐time PCR assay may be a valuable tool for the early detection of the SS, SS2 and, GPS with high specificity and sensitivity.
Disturbance‐observer‐based speed control for SPMSM drives using modified super‐twisting algorithm and extended state observer
Authors: Liu Yong‐Chao , Laghrouche Salah , Depernet Daniel , N'Diaye Abdoul , Djerdir Abdesslem , Cirrincione Maurizio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo address the robust speed control problem of the surface‐mounted permanent‐magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) drive, a novel composite speed controller (CSC) is proposed, which consists of the modified super‐twisting sliding‐mode SC (STSM‐SC) and the extended state observer (ESO). Regarding the motion dynamics of the SPMSM drive, the unmodeled dynamics, endogenous, and exogenous disturbances are lumped together as the total disturbance. The ESO‐based feedforward compensation mechanism is used to deal with the total disturbance for the robustness improvement of the speed control achieved by the modified STSM‐SC‐based feedback regulation mechanism. On the basis of the field‐oriented control strategy, performance comparisons of the standard STSM‐SC, the ESO‐based standard STSM‐SC, the modified STSM‐SC, and the proposed CSC are carried out on a suitably developed experimental setup. The experimental results are presented to validate the superiority of the proposed CSC.
Development and validation of an Arabic language eye‐tracking paradigm for the early screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in Qatar
Authors: Al‐Shaban Fouad A. , Ghazal Iman , Thompson I. Richard , Klingemier Eric W. , Aldosari Mohammed , Al‐Shammari Hawraa , Al‐Faraj Fatema , El‐Hag Saba , Tolefat Mohamed , Ali Mogahed , Nasir Bisher , Frazier Thomas W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAbnormal eye gaze is a hallmark characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary aim of the present research was to develop an Arabic version of an objective measure of ASD, the “autism index” (AI), based on eye gaze tracking to social and nonsocial stimuli validated initially in the United States. The initial phase of this study included the translation of English language eye‐tracking stimuli into stimuli appropriate for an Arabic‐speaking culture. During the second phase, we tested it on a total of 144 children with ASD, and 96 controls. The AI had excellent internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Moreover, the AI showed good differentiation of ASD from control cases (AUC = 0.730, SE = 0.035). The AI was significantly positively correlated with SCQ total raw scores (r = 0.46, p < 0.001). ADOS‐2 scores were only available in the ASD group and did not show a significant relationship with AI scores (r = 0.10, p = 0.348), likely due to the restricted range. The AI, when implemented using Arabic‐translated stimuli in a Qatari sample, showed good diagnostic differentiation and a strong correlation with parent‐reported ASD symptoms. Thus, the AI appears to have cross‐cultural validity and may be useful as a diagnostic aide to inform clinical judgment and track ASD symptom levels as part of the evaluation process.
Erfahrungswerte zur Prognose der axialen Grenztragfähigkeit von Duktilrammpfählen
Authors: Berndt Johannes , Reul Oliver , Marte Roman 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIm Jahresbericht 2022 des Arbeitskreises „Pfähle“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geotechnik (DGGT) wurde die Aufnahme des Pfahlsystems „Duktilrammpfahl“ in die neue, 3. Auflage der Empfehlungen des Arbeitskreises „Pfähle“ (EA‐Pfähle) angekündigt. Für mantelverpresste Duktilrammpfähle, die schon seit Jahrzehnten in Deutschland eingesetzt werden, liegen damit nun praktische Erfahrungswerte zur Prognose der axialen Grenztragfähigkeit sowie Hinweise zur Qualitätssicherung während der Pfahlherstellung vor. Grundlage für die Entwicklung der Erfahrungswerte war ein Forschungsvorhaben an der Universität Kassel, in dem zunächst umfangreich instrumentierte Pfahlprobebelastungen in bindigen und nichtbindigen Böden durchgeführt wurden. Die Ergebnisse der Probebelastungen wurden in einer umfassenden Datenbank für Duktilrammpfähle aufgenommen, aus der dann mit einem multilinearen Regressionsmodell Korrelationsbeziehungen für die Pfahlmantelreibung und den Pfahlspitzendruck mantelverpresster Duktilrammpfähle ermittelt werden konnten. Im Rahmen dieses Aufsatzes sollen diese Untersuchungen, auf deren Grundlage die Erfahrungswerte ermittelt wurden, erläutert und veranschaulicht werden.
Prevalence of congenital anomalies according to maternal race and ethnicity, Texas, 1999–2018
Authors: Schraw Jeremy M. , Jaime Elwin , Shumate Charles J. , Canfield Mark A. , Lupo Philip J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew studies of congenital anomalies provide prevalence estimates stratified by maternal race/ethnicity. We sought to determine whether the prevalence of a broad spectrum of anomalies varies among offspring of women from different race/ethnic groups.MethodsWe obtained information on cases with anomalies from the population‐based Texas Birth Defects Registry, and denominator data on livebirths among Texas residents during 1999–2018 from the Texas Center for Health Statistics. We estimated the prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of N = 145 anomalies among offspring of Hispanic and non‐Hispanic Black relative to non‐Hispanic White women using Poisson regression, adjusting for maternal age, education, body mass index, and previous livebirths. We performed a two‐stage analysis with a Bonferroni‐adjusted p < 1.7 × 10−4 in the initial screening phase to identify anomalies with statistically significant variation.ResultsThere were 7,698,768 livebirths and 1,187,385 anomalies diagnosed in 368,393 cases. The prevalence of any monitored congenital anomaly was similar among offspring of non‐Hispanic White (referent), non‐Hispanic Black (PR 0.98, CI 0.96–1.00), and Hispanic (PR 0.95, CI 0.93–0.96) women. We observed statistically significant racial/ethnic variation for 42 anomalies. Marked differences were observed when comparing offspring of non‐Hispanic Black to non‐Hispanic White women with respect to polydactyly (PR 4.38, CI 4.07–4.72), pyloric stenosis (PR 0.34, CI 0.29–0.40), and aortic valve atresia/stenosis (PR 0.51, CI 0.36–0.72).ConclusionsBirth prevalence of many major congenital anomalies varies by maternal race and ethnicity. While the reasons for these differences are likely multifactorial, a thorough understanding of racial and ethnic disparities is useful to stimulate etiologic research.
Failing children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities in England: New evidence of poor outcomes and a postcode lottery at the Local Authority level at Key Stage 1
Authors: Azpitarte Francisco , Holt Louise 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper sets out original findings from analyses of the English National Pupil Database of Key Stage 1 (KS1) attainment, to examine educational outcomes of children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND). The schooling of these children has been entirely within the context of the current SEND system, defined by the 2014–2015 policy of the Children and Families Act and Code of Practice. With a strong focus on children's needs and outcomes, the policy intends to achieve high educational outcomes for children with SEND. Our new results show, however, that children with SEND are one of the most disadvantaged groups in education, and they are far less likely to meet expected learning standards than their peers at KS1. For instance, about 44%, 31% and 23% of children with SEND met the standards in phonics, reading and writing, respectively, compared to 88%, 83% and 78% of children with no SEND. Further, our spatial analysis shows for the first time that this disadvantage displays large spatial variability across Local Authorities: there is a postcode lottery in the education of children with SEND. The new findings provide strong evidence that the new SEND policy is failing many children with SEND, and that this performance varies markedly across space. This adds further weight and evidence to a growing recognition, even from government, that the SEND system needs to change, and that the ambitious aims of the transformation of education and care for children with SEND in 2014 and 2015 are not being realised.
Recent progress on polymerization‐induced emission
Authors: Li Baixue , Feng Bingwen , Wang Jia , Qin Yusheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aggregate luminescence behaviors of polymeric luminescent materials have been attracting great attention. However, the importance of the polymerization process on luminescence, namely, polymerization‐induced emission (PIE), has rarely been overviewed. In this review, recent advances in polymerization with PIE effects are summarized, including PIE with aromatic rings based on one‐/two‐/multi‐component polymerizations, and PIE without aromatic rings according to disparate mechanisms of polymerizations. Typical examples are selected to elaborate the basic design principles, as well as the properties and potential applications of the luminous polymers. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives in this area are also discussed.
Improvement of C‐to‐U RNA editing using an artificial MS2‐APOBEC system
Authors: Li Jiarui , Fan Guangyao , Sakari Matomo , Tsukahara Toshifumi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRNA cytidine deamination (C‐to‐U editing) has been achieved using the MS2‐apolipoprotein B‐editing catalytic polypeptide‐like (APOBEC)1 editing system. Here, we fused the cytidine deaminase (CDA) enzymes APOBEC3A and APOBEC3G with the MS2 system and examined their RNA editing efficiencies in transfected HEK 293T cells. Given the single‐stranded RNA preferences of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3G, we designed unconventional guide RNAs that induced a loop at the target sequence, allowing the target to form a single‐stranded structure. Because APOBEC3A and APOBEC3G have different base preferences (5′‐TC and 5′‐CC, respectively), we introduced the D317W mutation into APOBEC3G to convert its base preference to that of APOBEC3A. Upon co‐transfection with a guide RNA that induced the formation of a 14 nt loop on the target sequence, MS2‐fused APOBEC3A and APOBEC3G showed high editing efficiency. While the D317W mutation of APOBEC3G led to a slight improvement in editing efficiency, the difference was not statistically significant. These findings indicate that APOBEC3A and APOBEC3G can induce C‐to‐U RNA editing when transfected with a loop guide RNA. Moreover, the editing efficiency of APOBEC3G can be enhanced by site‐specific mutation to alter the base preference. Overall, our results demonstrate that the MS2 system can fuse and catalyze reactions with different enzymes, suggesting that it holds an even greater potential for RNA editing than is utilized currently.
Genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening to mitigate cell growth inhibition induced by histone deacetylase inhibitors in recombinant CHO cells
Authors: Kim Dongil , Kim Su Hyun , Yoon Chansik , Lee Gyun Min 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHistone deacetylase inhibitors (iHDACs) have been extensively studied as enhancers of therapeutic protein production in recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) (rCHO) cell cultures. However, the addition of iHDACs reduces the viable cell concentration (VCC) in rCHO cell cultures, thereby reducing their potential to enhance therapeutic protein production. To mitigate the negative effects of iHDACs on VCC, screening using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9)‐based single‐gene knockout (KO) library in rCHO cells was performed in the presence of CI994, a member of iHDACs, and 10 potential KO genes that enhanced the VCC of CI994‐treated rCHO cells were identified. Among these, Bcor was validated as a promising KO target that improved VCC without negatively affecting the specific productivity in the presence of CI994. Bcor KO increased the VCC and therapeutic protein concentrations in both batch and fed‐batch cultures in the presence of CI994. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential of the whole‐genome CRISPR/Cas9‐based single‐gene KO cell library to identify KO target genes for the development of iHDAC‐resistant rCHO cells for enhanced therapeutic protein production.
LncRNA‐CCAT5‐mediated crosstalk between Wnt/β‐Catenin and STAT3 signaling suggests novel therapeutic approaches for metastatic gastric cancer with high Wnt activity
Authors: Liu Chenchen , Shen Aiwen , Song Junquan , Cheng Lei , Zhang Meng , Wang Yanong , Liu Xiaowen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the constitutively activated Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway plays vital roles in gastric cancer (GC) progression, few Wnt inhibitors are approved for clinical use. Additionally, the clinical significance of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in GC intraperitoneal dissemination (IPD) remains elusive. Here, we investigated the function and therapeutic potential of Wnt‐transactivated lncRNA, colon cancer‐associated transcript 5 (CCAT5), in GC metastasis.MethodsLncRNA‐sequencing assay was performed to document abundance changes of lncRNAs induced by Wnt family member 3A (Wnt3a) and degradation‐resistant β‐catenin (S33Y mutated) in ascites‐derived GC cells with low Wnt activity. Luciferase reporter, Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)‐re‐ChIP assays were performed to determine how CCAT5 was transcribed. The clinical significance of CCAT5 was examined in 2 cohorts of GC patients. The biological function of CCAT5 was investigated through gain‐ and loss‐of‐function studies. The molecular mechanism was explored through RNA‐sequencing, mass spectrometry, and CRISPR/Cas9‐knocknout system. The therapeutic potential of CCAT5 was examined through RNAi‐based cell xenograft model and patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model of IPD.ResultsWe identified a novel Wnt‐regulated lncRNA, CCAT5, which was transactivated by the β‐catenin/transcription factor 3 (TCF3) complex. CCAT5 was significantly upregulated in GC and predicted poor prognosis. Functional studies confirmed the promotive role of CCAT5 in GC growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, CCAT5 bound to the C‐end domain of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and blocks Src homology 2 domain‐containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP‐1)‐mediated STAT3Y705 dephosphorylation, leading to STAT3 nuclear entry and transactivation, thus accelerating GC progression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that both Wnt3a and β‐catenin acted as activator of STAT3 signaling pathway, and the interplay between CCAT5 and STAT3 was functionally essential for Wnt‐drived STAT3 signaling and tumor evolution. Finally, we revealed in vivo si‐CCAT5 selectively attenuated growth and metastasis of Wnthigh GC, but not Wntlow GC. The combination of si‐CCAT5 and oxaliplatin displayed obvious synergistic therapeutic effects on Wnthigh PDX mice.ConclusionsWe identified a novel Wnt‐transactivated lncRNA, CCAT5. Our study revealed a mechanism of STAT3 signaling regulation via canonical Wnt signaling and the functional significance of CCAT5 as critical mediator. We provided conceptual advance that lncRNAs serve as therapeutic targets reversing GC progression.