bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of remittance on economic growth and environmental quality in the purview of energy use, regulatory quality, and financial development
Authors: Islam Md. Saiful , Rahaman Sk Habibur , Akhtar Tahir 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the asymmetric effects of remittance on economic growth (EG) and environmental quality in the purview of energy use, regulatory quality (REQ), and financial development (FD) in the top 20 remittance‐earning countries. It employs panel data from 1996 to 2020 and utilizes the generalized least square (GLS) estimation and the Dumitrescu–Hurlin causality test. The GLS result shows that remittance inflow has an asymmetric effect on EG as well as environmental quality, validated by a long run asymmetric test. Remittance shocks are beneficial for both EG and maintaining environmental quality in the context of the Environmental Kuznets Curve framework. Energy use; FD, and REQ all positively affect EG, whereas FD, REQ, and gross domestic product (GDP) are favorable for the environment except for energy use. According to a supplemented analysis, remittance and regulatory quality's combined influence on EG and CO2 are favorable, but regulatory quality's impact on the former is detrimental for both models. The results of the GLS estimation are endorsed by the causality analysis, which affirms their reliability. Positive remittance shock and financial development have bidirectional causality with EG, and both shocks of remittance and financial expansion have a two‐way association with CO2 emissions. Only REQ is affected by CO2 emissions. The outcomes have important policy implications for enhancing remittance inflow, ensuring smooth energy availability, a prudential financial system, and improving REQ to influence EG and control CO2 emissions effectively.
Consumer perception of collagen from different sources: An investigation using hedonic scale and check all that apply
Authors: Amyoony Jamal , Gorman Mackenzie , Dabas Tanvi , Moss Rachael , McSweeney Matthew B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConsumers are adding collagen powder to their diets for its health benefits. However, few studies have investigated consumer perception of collagens produced from different sources. As such, the objective of this study was to evaluate the acceptability and sensory properties of commercially available collagen powders (bovine, marine, and mixed). Two different sensory trials were conducted. First, six different collagen powders were mixed with water and evaluated for their sensory properties and acceptability (n = 98; referred to as collagen‐in‐water). In the second trial, the collagen powders were mixed into strawberry smoothies and their sensory properties were assessed (n = 92; referred to as collagen‐in‐smoothie). Both studies used the 9‐point hedonic scale and check all that apply to evaluate the collagen powders. The results indicated that the collagens could be grouped based on their source when evaluated in water and in a smoothie. Also, the aroma and taste of the marine collagens impacted their acceptability and were associated with fishy, sour, bitter, and salty attributes. Overall, collagen that was low in flavor was more acceptable to the participants in this study.Practical ApplicationRecently, consumers have begun to purchase collagen powder for its health benefits, specifically its positive effects on skin appearance. Understanding the sensory properties of the different collagens can allow for the ingredients to be incorporated into different food products and help promote consumer purchases. Collagen should be mixed into beverages rather than be consumed in water alone to increase acceptability. Also, marine collagen incorporation into foods should be avoided unless off‐aromas and flavors can be masked by other properties.
Initial treatment of uninsured patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction by facility percutaneous coronary intervention capabilities
Authors: Lin Sara , Shermeyer Andrew , Nikpay Sayeh , Hsia Renee Y. , Ward Michael J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundTimely reperfusion is necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Initial care by facilities with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capabilities reduces time to reperfusion. We sought to examine whether insurance status was associated with initial care at emergency departments (EDs) with PCI capabilities among adult patients with STEMI.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross‐sectional study using Department of Healthcare Access and Information, a nonpublic statewide database reporting ED visits and hospitalizations in California. We included adults initially arriving at EDs with STEMI by diagnostic code (International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision or 10th Revision) from 2011 to 2019. Multivariable logistic regression modeling included initial care by PCI capable facility as the primary outcome and insurance status (none vs. any) as the primary exposure. Covariates included patient, facility, and temporal factors and we conducted multiple robustness checks.ResultsWe analyzed 135,358 eligible visits with STEMI included. In our multivariable model, the odds of uninsured patients being initially treated at a PCI‐capable facility were significantly lower than those of insured patients (adjusted odds ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.54–0.72, p < 0.001) and was unchanged in sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsUninsured patients with STEMI had significantly lower odds of first receiving care at facilities with PCI capabilities. Our results suggest potential disparities in accessing high‐quality and time‐sensitive treatment for uninsured patients with STEMI.
Air pollution, weather, and agricultural worker productivity
Authors: Hill Alexandra E. , Burkhardt Jesse , Bayham Jude , O'Dell Katelyn , Ford Bonne , Fischer Emily V. , Pierce Jeffrey R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOutdoor agricultural workers often work in harsh environmental conditions, including high temperatures and poor air quality. This paper studies how these factors impact worker productivity, which can have implications for worker health, well‐being, and income as well as farm payroll, production, and profitability. Our analysis uses 6 years of payroll records of harvesters on two large farms combined with pollution and weather monitor data from multiple sources. We address simultaneity issues by exploring pollution measurements from nearby upwind and downwind monitors and incorporating an alternative PM2.5measure that better captures ambient or regional concentration. Across all specifications, results suggest that heightened concentrations of ground‐level ozone and PM2.5are associated with reduced productivity. In our main specification, we find that one standard deviation increases in ozone and PM2.5are associated with reductions in productivity of 2% and 1.1%, respectively.
The 7th National Audit Project (NAP7) baseline survey of individual anaesthetists: preparedness for and experiences of peri‐operative cardiac arrest
Authors: Kursumovic E. , Cook T. M. , Lucas D. N. , Davies M. T. , Martin S. , Kane A. D. , Armstrong R. A. , Oglesby F. C. , Cortes L. , Taylor C. , Moppett I. K. , Agarwal S. , Beecham E. , Cordingley J. , Dorey J. , Finney S. J. , Kunst G. , Nickols G. , Mouton R. , Nolan J. P. , Patel B. , Pappachan V. J. , Plaat F. , Scholefield B. R. , Smith J. H. , Varney L. , Wain E. C. , Soar J. ,   collaborators
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe Royal College of Anaesthetists' 7th National Audit Project baseline survey assessed knowledge, attitudes, practices and experiences of peri‐operative cardiac arrests among UK anaesthetists and Anaesthesia Associates. We received 10,746 responses, representing a 71% response rate. In‐date training in adult and paediatric advanced life support was reported by 9646 (90%) and 7125 (66%) anaesthetists, respectively. There were 8994 (84%) respondents who were confident in leading a peri‐operative cardiac arrest, with males more confident than females, but only 5985 (56%) were confident in leading a debrief and 7340 (68%) communicating with next of kin. In the previous two years, 4806 (46%) respondents had managed at least one peri‐operative cardiac arrest, of which 321 (7%) and 189 (4%) of these events involved a child or an obstetric patient, respectively. Respondents estimated the most common causes of peri‐operative cardiac arrest to be hypovolaemia, hypoxaemia and cardiac ischaemia, with haemorrhage coming fifth. However, the most common reported causes for the most recently attended peri‐operative cardiac arrest were haemorrhage; (927, 20%); anaphylaxis (474, 10%); and cardiac ischaemia (397, 9%). Operating lists or shifts were paused or stopped after 1330 (39%) cardiac arrests and 1693 (38%) respondents attended a debrief, with ‘hot’ debriefs most common. Informal wellbeing support was relatively common (2458, 56%) and formal support was uncommon (472, 11%). An impact on future care delivery was reported by 196 (4%) anaesthetists, most commonly a negative psychological impact. Management of a peri‐operative cardiac arrest during their career was reported by 8654 (85%) respondents. The overall impact on professional life was more often judged positive (2630, 30%) than negative (1961, 23%), but impact on personal life was more often negative.
A quantitative evaluation of aerosol generation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Shrimpton A. J. , Brown V. , Vassallo J. , Nolan J. P. , Soar J. , Hamilton F. , Cook T. M. , Bzdek B. R. , Reid J. P. , Makepeace C. H. , Deutsch J. , Ascione R. , Brown J. M. , Benger J. R. , Pickering A. E. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIt is unclear if cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an aerosol‐generating procedure and whether this poses a risk of airborne disease transmission to healthcare workers and bystanders. Use of airborne transmission precautions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation may confer rescuer protection but risks patient harm due to delays in commencing treatment. To quantify the risk of respiratory aerosol generation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in humans, we conducted an aerosol monitoring study during out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests. Exhaled aerosol was recorded using an optical particle sizer spectrometer connected to the breathing system. Aerosol produced during resuscitation was compared with that produced by control participants under general anaesthesia ventilated with an equivalent respiratory pattern to cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A porcine cardiac arrest model was used to determine the independent contributions of ventilatory breaths, chest compressions and external cardiac defibrillation to aerosol generation. Time‐series analysis of participants with cardiac arrest (n = 18) demonstrated a repeating waveform of respiratory aerosol that mapped to specific components of resuscitation. Very high peak aerosol concentrations were generated during ventilation of participants with cardiac arrest with median (IQR [range]) 17,926 (5546–59,209 [1523–242,648]) particles.l‐1, which were 24‐fold greater than in control participants under general anaesthesia (744 (309–2106 [23–9099]) particles.l‐1, p < 0.001, n = 16). A substantial rise in aerosol also occurred with cardiac defibrillation and chest compressions. In a complimentary porcine model of cardiac arrest, aerosol recordings showed a strikingly similar profile to the human data. Time‐averaged aerosol concentrations during ventilation were approximately 270‐fold higher than before cardiac arrest (19,410 (2307–41,017 [104–136,025]) vs. 72 (41–136 [23–268]) particles.l‐1, p = 0.008). The porcine model also confirmed that both defibrillation and chest compressions generate high concentrations of aerosol independent of, but synergistic with, ventilation. In conclusion, multiple components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation generate high concentrations of respiratory aerosol. We recommend that airborne transmission precautions are warranted in the setting of high‐risk pathogens, until the airway is secured with an airway device and breathing system with a filter.
Reproduction and parenthood among lesbian couples in China: Legal and ethical perspectives
Authors: Fu Huixian , Zhao Yue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn China, neither reproduction and parenthood by lesbian couples nor their marital status are regulated or protected by law. In 2020, the first legal dispute in China involving a lesbian couple over custody of their joint baby was heard in court. This study examines the legal and ethical issues that lesbian couples confront when they decide to give birth to a child of their own. These challenges begin with regulatory restrictions on their lawful access to assisted reproductive technology and extend to gaps in the legal establishment of parenthood. We found that the lack of access to legitimate reproductive assistance for lesbian couples in China has caused them to make efforts to circumvent laws and regulations to have a child. However, the legislative gaps later led to ethical dilemmas when resolving disputes over parenthood. This study discusses different accounts of establishing and determining natural parenthood in China and concludes by pointing out the urgent need for change in legislative and sociocultural attitudes toward both assisted reproductive technology and same‐sex relationships, mapping the way forward for lesbian couples to obtain better protection of procreation and parenthood before their marriage is culturally accepted and finally legalized.
Liproxstatin‐1 alleviates cartilage degradation by inhibiting chondrocyte ferroptosis in the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Cheng Bei , Zhang Jun , Shen Qinhao , Sun Zheyi , Luo Yingwei , Hu Yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBground InformationFerroptosis contributes to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) lesion development and is still poorly understood.ResultsIn this study, we used different TMJOA animal models to examine whether ferroptosis was related to disease onset in TMJOA induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA), IL‐1β, occlusion disorder (OD), and unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC). Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis were used to detect ferroptosis‐ and cartilage degradation‐related protein expression. Our results revealed reduced levels of the ferroptosis‐related protein GPX4 in the cartilage layer, but the levels of ACSL4 and P53 were increased in the condyle. Injection of the ferroptosis inhibitor liproxstatin‐1 (Lip‐1) effectively decreased ACSL4, P53 and TRF expression. In vitro, IL‐1β reduced cartilage extracellular matrix expression in mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCCs). Lip‐1 maintained the morphology and function of mitochondria and ameliorated the exacerbation of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by IL‐1β.ConclusionThese results suggest that chondrocyte ferroptosis plays an important role in the development and progression of TMJOA.SignificanceInhibiting condylar chondrocyte ferroptosis could be a promising therapeutic strategy for TMJOA.
Robotic versus laparoscopic approach for left‐sided colon cancer: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Rein Line Katrine Larsen , Dohrn Niclas , Gögenur Ismail , Falk Klein Mads 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe use of robot‐assisted surgery for left‐sided colon cancer is increasing in Denmark; however, it is yet to be established if the robotic approach results in improved clinical outcomes compared with the corresponding laparoscopic approach. The aim of this study was to compare the intraoperative and short‐term postoperative outcomes of robot‐assisted surgery with laparoscopic surgery for left‐sided colon cancer at a national level.MethodThe study is a nationwide database study based on data from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Group database. Patients from all colorectal centres in Denmark treated with surgery with curative intent in an elective setting with either robotic or laparoscopic left colectomy or sigmoidectomy during the period 2014–2019 were included. To adjust for confounding, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed and the groups were compared for age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, performance score, year of diagnosis, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, left colectomy or sigmoidectomy, tumour localization, use of stoma or stenting and pathological T (pT) category.ResultsA total of 5532 patients were available for analysis, and after PSM in a ratio of 2:1, 1392 laparoscopic and 696 robotic cases were identified. After matching we found a lower conversion rate and a higher lymph node yield in the robotic group compared with the laparoscopic group (5.8% vs. 11%, p < 0.001 and 27 vs. 24, p < 0.001, respectively). Further, we found a higher proportion of patients with a lymph node yield of 12 or more in the robotic group (97% vs. 94.8%, p = 0.02). Plane of dissection, radicality and pathological disease stages did not differ between the two groups. We found no difference in either overall surgical (13% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.23) or medical (5.6% vs. 6.5%, p = 0.49) postoperative complications and no difference in 30‐day (p = 0.369) or 90‐day mortality (p = 0.08).ConclusionRobot‐assisted surgery for left‐sided colon cancer was associated with a significantly lower conversion rate and a significantly higher lymph node yield than the laparoscopic approach. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were similar in the two groups.
Tailoring evidence into action: Using a co‐design approach for biodiversity information in the Tropical Andes
Authors: Valdez Jose W. , Pereira Henrique M. , Morejón Gustavo Francisco , Acosta‐Muñoz Cristina , Bonet Garcia Francisco Javier , Castro Vergara Lucía , Claros Xavier R. , Gill Michael J. , Josse Carmen , Lafuente‐Cartagena Indyra , Langstroth Robert , Sheppard Sidney Novoa , Orihuela Gabriela , Prieto‐Albuja Francisco J. , Quillahuaman Natividad , Terán Marcos F. , Zambrana‐Torrelio Carlos M. , Navarro Laetitia M. , Fernandez Miguel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBiodiversity conservation is a complex and transdisciplinary problem that requires engagement and cooperation among scientific, societal, economic, and political institutions. However, historical approaches have often failed to bring together and address the needs of all relevant stakeholders in decision‐making processes. The Tropical Andes, a biodiversity hotspot where conservation efforts often conflict with socioeconomic issues and policies that prioritize economic development, provides an ideal model to develop and implement more effective approaches. In this study, we present a co‐design approach that mainstreams and improves the flow of biodiversity information in the Tropical Andes, while creating tailored outputs that meet the needs of economic and societal stakeholders. We employed a consultative process that brought together biodiversity information users and producers at the local, national, and regional levels through a combination of surveys and workshops. This approach identified priority needs and limitations of the flow of biodiversity information in the region, which led to the co‐design of user‐relevant biodiversity indicators. By leveraging the existing capacities of biodiversity information users and producers, we were able to co‐design multiple biodiversity indicators and prioritize two for full implementation ensuring that the data was findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable based on the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) principles. This approach helped address limitations that were identified in the stakeholder engagement process, including gaps in data availability and the need for more accessible biodiversity information. Additionally, capacity‐building workshops were incorporated for all producers of biodiversity information involved, which aimed to not only improve the current flow of biodiversity information in the region but also facilitate its future sustainability. Our approach can serve as a valuable blueprint for mainstreaming biodiversity information and making it more inclusive in the future, especially considering the diverse worldviews, values, and knowledge systems between science, policy, and practice.
Urinary tract cytology showing variant morphology and divergent differentiation
Authors: Arshia Asma , Hassan Faisal A. , Hensley Patrick J. , Allison Derek B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUrothelial carcinoma represents a diverse group of tumours with distinct histologic subtypes, each exhibiting unique cytomorphologic features, architectural growth patterns, and/or well‐developed aberrant differentiation. In fact, there are more than 13 subtypes of urothelial carcinoma recognized in the 2022 WHO classification of tumours in the urinary tract. The identification of these subtypes is crucial for an accurate diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma, and many have important clinical implications. Variant/divergent features may coexist with conventional high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) or present with 100% variant morphology. In urinary tract cytology (UTC), urothelial carcinoma can display divergent differentiation, such as squamous, glandular, or small cell carcinoma differentiation. The use of cell block preparations and immunohistochemistry with available residual urine can enhance diagnostic accuracy. On the other hand, identifying urothelial carcinoma variants, including nested, micropapillary, and plasmacytoid subtypes, poses significant challenges in UTC. Many cases of these variants are only detected retrospectively after variant histology has been established from resection specimens. Moreover, some variants exhibit features inconsistent with the diagnostic criteria for HGUC according to the Paris System for Reporting Urinary Tract Cytology. Nevertheless, the rarity of pure variant morphology and the occurrence of some false negatives for these variant cases are essential to maintain the specificity of UTC overall. This review covers the histology, cytomorphology, and important clinical aspects observed in urothelial carcinoma exhibiting divergent differentiation and various urothelial carcinoma variants detected in UTC.
The National Naloxone Reference Group: A collective voice on take‐home naloxone policy and practice in Australia
Authors: Dietze Paul , Stewart Ashleigh , Hill Penny , Draper Bridget , Curtis Michael , Kirwan Amy ,   the National Naloxone Reference Group
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe National Naloxone Reference Group has played a key role in the development of take‐home naloxone programs, policy and practice in Australia. In this commentary we detail the origins of the group, some of its main achievements since its inception and its future directions in light of the major policy changes around naloxone that have recently occurred in Australia.