bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of the Human Microbiome in Health and Disease in United Kingdom
Authors: Wesley Amelia 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the role of the human microbiome in health and disease in United Kingdom.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library
Findings: The microbiome influences human health and disease by providing essential functions, such as nutrient metabolism, immune regulation, and protection against pathogens. However, the microbiome can also be disrupted by various factors, such as diet, lifestyle, age, genetics, and infections, leading to dysbiosis and increased risk of diseases. In the United Kingdom, research on the microbiome has been conducted to understand its role in various conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, and mental health. The findings suggest that modulating the microbiome through dietary interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation may offer novel strategies for preventing or treating these diseases.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Microbiome Dysbiosis Theory, Hygiene Hypothesis Theory and Microbiota-Brain-Gut Axis Theory may be used to anchor future studies on role of the human microbiome in health and disease in United Kingdom. Findings can invest in the development of microbiome-based therapeutics, including fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), engineered probiotics, and microbial-derived products. Policymakers should establish a regulatory framework for microbiome-based interventions, ensuring their safety, efficacy, and accessibility.
Colonial Legacies and (In)security in Africa: A Cameroonian Civil War Perspective
Authors: Ngwang Roger                                               
Published: November 2023

Background: This article systematically analyzes the extent to which British and French colonial legacies influenced the outbreak of the Cameroonian civil war. Drawing on a theoretical argument that associates the likelihood of civil war with the tensions that arise from the challenges of state formation and state-building, this article revisits the process of state formation in Cameroon and argues that the Cameroonian civil war is an artifact of conflicting British and French colonial legacies.
Purpose: This research aimed at examining the link between the British and French colonial legacies and the Cameroonian civil war.
Methodology: This study was desk research. Secondary data sources like journal articles, databases, newspaper articles, blogs, monographs, and other internet materials were consulted. These materials were subjected to content validity before being considered and analyzed qualitatively in the study. Tilly’s warfare theory on modern state formation was used as an explanatory tool to deepen the understanding of the links between war and state formation and to better appreciate the impact of British and French colonial legacies on the processes of state formation and state-building in Cameroon.
Findings: This paper demonstrated that although governance crises heightened tensions between British and French Cameroons, conflicting British and French colonial legacies constitute the root cause of the civil war. Anglophones have been disgruntled with the relatively low rates of investment in the Anglophone regions, political marginalization, the domination of the French language over the English language in official matters nationwide, and the ‘frenchification’ of the Anglo-Saxon education and judicial systems.
Unique Contribution to Practice and Policy: This article suggests that it is necessary for peacebuilders and policy experts to address colonial factors when designing policies aimed at resolving the Cameroonian civil war. Dealing only with governance crises without addressing the colonial roots of the problem runs the risk of relapse to conflict in the future. Also, because the British and French colonial legacies are at the center of the crisis, there is a need for Britain and France to revisit their terms of relations with Cameroon, galvanize global resources, and harmonize efforts to influence and foster the resolution of the conflict.
Evolution of pollen grain morphology in Amorimia and allies evidences the importance of palynological apomorphies and homoplasies in Malpighiaceae systematics
Authors: da Silva Carolina Prandi , de Almeida Rafael Felipe , Bellonzi Talita Kely , Gasparino Eduardo Custódio 
Published: November 2023

Background and aims – Pollen grain morphology is an important morphological character for aiding the systematics of flowering plants. For Malpighiaceae, only a single unpublished palynological study has comprehensively sampled ca 60 of this family’s 75 currently accepted genera. To test the systematic relevance of pollen morphology in Amorimia and allies, we characterised the pollen morphology of these lineages. We scored, coded, and mapped 12 characters onto the most recent molecular phylogeny of Amorimia and allies.
Material and methods – We sampled 13 species of Amorimia as ingroup and two species of Mascagnia and Ectopopterys soejartoi as outgroup. Pollen grains were acetolised, characterised, and measured using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen quantitative measurements were submitted to a PCA multivariate analysis. Additionally, quantitative and qualitative characters were scored and coded into 12 characters and mapped onto the molecular phylogeny of Amorimia and allies.
Key results – Amorimia and allies are stenopalynous due to all species showing the same pollen type, with some subtle differences between the pollen grains, such as details of ornamentation, shape, size, and thickness of the pollen exine. However, the patterns of pollen grain evolution showed that few qualitative and apomorphic characters are informative for intrageneric distinction (i.e. type and number of apertures), and almost all quantitative and homoplastic characters analysed were informative at infrageneric levels within Malpighiaceae.
Conclusion – Our results demonstrate that even though the pollen morphology characters of Amorimia and allies show subtle variation, both qualitative and quantitative apomorphic and/or homoplastic characters are highly informative for intra- and infrageneric levels in Malpighiaceae when analysed in a phylogenetic context.
The benefits and trade-offs of multi-variable calibration of WGHM in the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins
Authors: Hasan H. M. Mehedi , Döll Petra , Hosseini-Moghari Seyed-Mohammad , Papa Fabrice , Güntner Andreas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. While global hydrological models (GHMs) are affected by large uncertainties regarding model structure, forcing and calibration data, and parameters, observations of model output variables are rarely used to calibrate the model. Pareto dominance-based multi-objective calibration, often referred to as Pareto-Optimal Calibration (POC), may serve to estimate model parameter sets and analyse trade-offs among different objectives during calibration. Within a POC framework, we determined optimal parameter sets for the WaterGAP Global Hydrology Model (WGHM) in the two largest basins of the Indian subcontinent—the Ganges and the Brahmaputra, collectively supporting nearly 580 million inhabitants. The selected model parameters, determined through a multi-variable multi-signature sensitivity analysis, were estimated using up to four types of observations: in-situ streamflow (Q), GRACE and GRACE Follow-On total water storage anomalies (TWSA), LandFlux evapotranspiration (ET), and surface water storage anomalies (SWSA) derived from multi-satellite observations. While our sensitivity analysis assured that the model parameters that are most influential for the four variables were identified in a transparent and comprehensive way, the rather large number of calibration parameters, 10 for the Ganges and 16 for the Brahmaputra, had a negative impact on parameter identifiability during the calibration process. Calibration against observed Q resulted to be crucial for reasonable streamflow simulations, while additional calibration against TWSA was crucial for the Ganges basin and helpful for the Brahmaputra basin to obtain a reasonable simulation of both Q and T. Calibrating also against the other two observation types enhanced the overall model performance and enabled a more accurate representation of the water balance. We identified several trade-offs among the calibration objectives, with the nature of these trade-offs closely tied to the physiographic and hydrologic characteristics of the study basins. The trade-offs were particularly pronounced in the Ganges basin, in particular between Q and SWSA, as well as between Q and ET. When considering the observational uncertainty of the calibration data, model performance decreases in most cases. This indicates an overfitting to the singular observation time series by the calibration algorithm. We therefore propose a transparent algorithm to identify high-performing Pareto solutions under consideration of observational uncertainties of the calibration data. Recognizing these uncertainties, we anticipate that actual model performance may be lower in roughly 90 % of cases.
The influence of extraction of various solvents on chemical properties on Chang 7 shale, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Cao Yan , Jin Zhijun , Zhu Rukai , Liu Kouqi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract. To explore the effect of various solvents extraction on the chemical property of shale, several lacustrine shale samples from the Chang 7 member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, with maturities, from marginally mature (Tmax=439∘) to late mature (Tmax=456∘), were extracted by using acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), carbon disulfide (CS2), and benzene, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to examine the functional groups of the samples before and after extraction with different solvents. The results showed that the extraction yield from shale with THF is significantly higher than that of other solvents, which may be related to the properties of the THF, including the aromatic structure, high boiling point, excellent Hansen solubility parameters, and strong polarity. The total organic carbon (TOC)-normalized yield of the mature sample J1 is significantly higher than that of other samples, which may be related to the fact that the J1 sample is at the peak of hydrocarbon generation; thus, a large number of kerogens were cracked into oil and bitumen. The aromaticity of organic matter (OM) increases with the increase in the maturity. The length of the aliphatic chains of the OM first increased with the increase in the maturity before late maturity stage and then decreased in late maturity stage. The extraction of shale samples with solvents hardly changes the length of aliphatic chains. Higher aromaticity is observed in shale residues after THF extractions than for other solvents (i.e., acetone, CS2, and benzene).
Interpreting the Egyptian Code in Nineteenth-Century China: Pan Zuyin and His Circle of Antiquarians
Authors: Chen Helena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Antiquarianism in China experienced a dramatic change in the second half of the nineteenth century. While ancient Chinese artifacts were still eagerly sought after, scholars began to collect Egyptian inscriptions. Unequipped with any knowledge of the Egyptian writing system, they were fascinated by the stylistic similarity between Egyptian hieroglyphs and ancient Chinese seal-script characters. This article centers on the scholar-official Pan Zuyin (1830–90) and his collection of ink rubbings of the Decree of Canopus, a stele with trilingual inscriptions carved in the Ptolemaic era. It examines how Qing antiquarians interpreted ancient Egyptian inscriptions, adapting, denying, and transforming Champollion’s approach by explaining the formation and evolution of the Egyptian writing system in terms of their own philological theory, the liushu (the six modes of character formation). It argues that the craze for Egyptian inscriptions resulted from discursive changes occurring in the field of antiquarian study as the scope of acceptable research areas was broadened and the strange and exotic objects—previously considered uncollectible—began to attract scholarly attention. The popularity of Egyptian inscriptions also demonstrates that serious philological study and an amateurish pleasure-seeking attitude were not so much oppositional binaries as interdependent activities.
Calidad de vida en personas con enfermedad renal crónica: Una mirada desde terapia ocupacional
Authors: Orduña Balaguera Helen Maria , Yate Velasquez Milena , Duarte Torres Sylvia Cristina 
Published: November 2023

Objetivo:
Realizar una revisión de la literatura entre el año 2007 y 2017 sobre la Enfermedad renal crónica y calidad de vida desde una mirada de Terapia Ocupacional a través de una perspectiva nacional e internacional.
Material y métodos:Revisión sistemática en diferentes bases de datos, revistas sobre artículos internacionales y nacionales que cumplan con
os requisitos de inclusión de palabras clave y estar dentro del rango seleccionado de año de publicación, para el posterior análisis.
Resultados: De una muestra total de 206 artículos, fueron seleccionados 31 artículos que cumplían con todos los criterios de inclusión. Se evidencio que los estudios sobre enfermedad renal crónica y calidad de vida presentan diferentes variables como, el afrontamiento, factores emocionales, dependencia, costos de tratamientos, vida laboral y variables sociodemográficas. Se evidencia que el cuestionario SF-36 presenta mayor porcentaje de uso en las investigaciones. En los estudios de Terapia Ocupacional predomina la intervención directa, mientras, en psicología y medicina sobresalen de aplicación de instrumentos y análisis de resultados.
Conclusiones: Existe gran cantidad de publicaciones sobre enfermedad renal crónica, en forma específica, sin embargo, sobre medición de la calidad de vida de las personas con esta enfermedad es reducida. Los profesionales con mayores publicaciones sobre enfermedad renal crónica relacionada con calidad de vida son enfermería, medicina y psicología, mientras, a nivel de terapia ocupacional se encontraron trabajos realizados por estudiantes de último año como trabajo de grado.
Los significados construidos del envejecimiento positivo en la participación ocupacional de adultas mayores con patologías articulares.
Authors: Prieto Suazo Stephanie Alejandra , Cartagena Julio Jacqueline 
Published: November 2023

El envejecimiento de las personas ha generado un aumento de adultos mayores, gran porcentaje de éstos son mujeres. También han incrementado las enfermedades crónicas, siendo más frecuentes en esta población las patologías articulares, que impactan en la funcionalidad y la calidad de vida, contribuyendo a la creencia de mitos en torno a la vejez. No obstante, esta visión cambiaría, debido a la creación de una propuesta política gubernamental como la de Envejecimiento Positivo, orientada a la inclusión del adulto mayor en la sociedad, mejorando su calidad de vida y posicionándolo como un sujeto de derecho.
La Terapia Ocupacional promueve la participación ocupacional de adultas mayores con enfermedades articulares, para que tengan un envejecimiento positivo, pero para alcanzar ese propósito, es preciso analizar el significado construido que tienen estas personas sobre dicho concepto, por esto se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada a 4 mujeres entre 61 y 68 años de edad, cuyos temas se basaron en el bienestar subjetivo, la salud, la participación social y la participación ocupacional en el tiempo libre, elementos relevantes en el envejecimiento positivo.
Mediante el análisis de datos con la Teoría Fundamentada, se estudió el significado construido sobre el envejecimiento positivo, concebido por las participantes, como una educación del envejecimiento, para así no depender de otros. También se visualizó el envejecimiento como sinónimo de vejez, el que se vivencia como una etapa de soledad, en la que, si bien, la calidad de vida no se ve afectada por éste, hay factores que influyen en ella, afectando sus capacidades motoras, por ello desarrollan principalmente ocupaciones de tiempo libre pasivas, con deseos de efectuar actividades recreativas.
INTERVENCIONES DE TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL EN EL MANEJO DE SOBREPESO Y OBESIDAD: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA EXPLORATORIA
Authors: Ortiz Rosa , Gajardo Jean 
Published: November 2023

Introducción: Existe limitado conocimiento sobre las características y evidencia disponible de intervenciones de terapia ocupacional en el manejo y reducción de la obesidad y sobrepeso, traduciéndose en una limitada consideración en políticas y programas de salud.
Objetivo: Caracterizar las intervenciones de terapia ocupacional en sobrepeso y/u obesidad.
Métodos: Revisión Sistemática Exploratoria (Scoping Review) en las bases de datos EBSCOhost, Embase, PubMed, PsychInfo, Scielo y Scopus, de estudios publicados a junio 2020. Se usó estructura PRISMA ScR, incorporando artículos que cumplieran los criterios: a) Evaluasen una intervención de terapia ocupacional en sobrepeso y/u obesidad, b) Informasen resultados cuantitativos, y c) Publicados en revista con evaluación de pares.
Resultados: Cinco estudios fueron incluidos en la revisión. Cuatro utilizaron un diseño cuasi experimental (pretest-postest, sin grupo de comparación), y un estudio utilizó un diseño mixto con estudio pretest-postest adicionando estudio cualitativo. Las intervenciones son heterogéneas y sus resultados atribuibles no fueron significativos en el desenlace reducción de peso corporal. Se relevan resultados favorables en otras dimensiones, como la resignificación del uso de tiempo libre y el aprendizaje de hábitos saludables.
Discusión: Las intervenciones de terapia ocupacional refieren protocolos de intervención heterogéneos, asociados a programas de manejo de sobrepeso y obesidad. Los estudios disponibles proporcionan evidencia limitada su efectividad, y sus potenciales desenlaces son más consistentes con dimensiones psicosociales por sobre dimensiones morfológicas como el peso corporal. Se requiere con urgencia investigación experimental que permita establecer la acción de terapia ocupacional en estos problemas de relevancia para la salud pública.
Os significados de ocupar-se em cuidar de pessoas sob cuidados paliativos oncológicos
Authors: De Pinho Aline da Cruz Cavalcante , Da Silva Vanessa do Socorro Mendes , De Souza Airle Miranda , Corrêa Victor Augusto Cavaleiro 
Published: November 2023

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender o significado de ocupar-se como cuidador da pessoa sob cuidados paliativos oncológicos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa realizada em um hospital referência na assistência paliativa oncológica da região norte do Brasil, na qual participaram 20 cuidadores principais de pessoas internadas na Clínica de Cuidados Paliativos Oncológicos – CCPO em fase avançada da doença e morte iminente. Nas respostas desses entrevistados, destacam-se o cuidar como doação, a percepção de entrega referente ao ato de cuidar e ainda, a vontade de estar ao lado de quem recebe seus cuidados independente do que possa acontecer, incluindo o óbito. Do ponto de vista ocupacional, investir em fazeres que reconhecem a possibilidade da morte e da despedida, pode ser uma estratégia favorável ao enfrentamento desta realidade. O cuidador, diante do enfrentamento da doença juntamente com a pessoa sob seus cuidados buscam forças físicas e emocionais para conseguir lidar com as dificuldades, sendo que o primeiro evita compartilhá-las com o doente, mesmo que os momentos de fraqueza, de angústia e tristeza sejam inevitáveis. Relações entre espiritualidade e o significado ocupacional para o cuidar foram identificadas, sendo representada como sustento para o corpo e a alma ou como obediência a uma doutrina, apotando que as questões religiosas e espirituais propiciam confiança, esperança e fortalecem a fé.
Reflexão na Crítica da razão pura
Authors: Figueiredo Vinícius Berlendis de 
Published: November 2023

Este texto discute a reflexão no interior da Crítica da razão pura em três passos: (1) comenta-se sua acepção mais ampla, que a assimila ao programa de um auto-exame da razão; (2) defende-se que, na Crítica da razão pura, há, para além de sua definição na anfibologia, duas acepções específicas de reflexão, cada qual correspondendo a um exercício do pensar irredutível a objetividade resultante da aplicação dos conceitos do entendimento ao múltiplo sensível; (3) assinala-se a diferença e hierarquia existente entre essas duas acepções, defendendo que o principal intuito de Kant nas três Críticas é o de propiciar um bom uso do Juízo, tomado como faculdade de refletir.
O mal e a coerência do sistema kantiano
Authors: Borges Maria De Lourdes Alves 
Published: November 2023

Resumo:Neste artigo, pretendo analisar a coerência do mal no sistema kantiano. Primeiramente, mostro a estranheza de termos um texto específico sobre religião numa filosofia que pretendeu rejeitar Deus como pertencente ao domínio filosófico. Indico também que alguns comentadores tentam resolver esse problema mostrando que há uma coerência entre a Religião e a filosofia prática kantiana. Contudo, a semelhança entre o conceito de mal radical e seu análogo religioso, o pecado original, fez com que alguns autores não endossassem a tese da coerência.Abstract: In this article, I aim atanalyzing the coherence of the concept of evil regarding the Kantian system. First, I show the surprise of having a work on Religion in a philosophy that aimed at eliminating God from the realm of critical philosophy. Second I show that some commentators try to solve this problem showing that there is a coherence among the many aspects of Kantian philosophy. However, the relation between the concept of radical evil and his analogous original sin made some commentators to refuse the thesis of coherence.
A razão e suas ideias
Authors: Almeida Pedro Jonas 
Published: November 2023

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é comentar o que chamaremos de dedução subjetiva das ideias transcendentais da razão pura e introduzir a hipótese que mais parece condizer com a intenção de Kant na Dialética transcendental: a hipótese de Claude Piché. Para tanto, será importante mostrar a relação entre lógica geral e lógica transcendental e como a segunda parece subordinar a primeira nos momentos em que Kant apresenta o problema de um fio condutor para derivar a segunda da primeira. Abstract: The aim of the following article is to comment on what we shall call subjective deduction of the transcendental ideas of pure reason and to present the hypothesis that better seems to adjust with Kant's objective in the Transcendental Dialectics: Claude Piché's hypothesis. In order to fulfill this, it will be important to show the relation between general logic and transcendental logic and how the latter seems to subordinate the former when Kant formulates the problem of the clue to the derivation of the latter from the former.