bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nonlinear association between triglyceride glucose-body mass index and femoral neck BMD in nondiabetic elderly men: NHANES 2005-March 2020
Authors: Xuan Xiuping , Sun Rong , Peng Caibi , Liu Lijuan , Huang Tiantian , Huang Chenghu 
Published: January 2024

Background
The triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) has been considered a surrogate marker for assessing insulin resistance. We aimed to correlate the TyG-BMI, triglyceride glucose combined with body mass index, with femoral neck bone mineral density (FN BMD) in non-diabetic elderly men.

Methods
Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, totally, 1182 eligible men aged ≥ 50 years without diabetes were included in the current study. Smoothed curves were obtained by a two-piecewise linear regression model and the threshold effects were explored by using a smoothing function.

Results
TyG-BMI was positive related with and FN BMD with or without adjustment for confounders. However, no typical dose-dependent positive association between TyG-BMI and FN BMD was observed across the TyG-BMI tertiles, indicating a non-linear association. Further analysis by the weighted two-piecewise linear regression model and recursive algorithm suggested that per SD increase in TyG-BMI increased FN BMD by 0.266 gm/cm2 when TyG-BMI lower than 168.20. However, when TyG-BMI is higher than 168.20, FN BMD only increased 0.046 gm/cm2 for per SD increase of TyG-BMI after fully adjustment (OR = 11.258, 95%CI: 6.034, 16.481). Moreover, subgroup analyses showed that higher TyG-BMI levels were related to elevated FN BMD in all groups, suggesting the consistency of the positive association within these stratas.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that TyG-BMI is positively associated with FN BMD in a nonlinear fashion among elderly men without diabetes, which may be a reliable marker for the early identification of individuals with lower FN BMD.
Development and validation of nurse’s assessment ability questionnaire in delirium subtypes: Based on Delphi expert consensus
Authors: Zhou Wen , Zheng Qiulan , Huang Miao , Wang Jiao , Gan Xiuni 
Published: January 2024

Background
Delirium, a common occurrence in clinical work, can be divided into three subtypes according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5 th Edition (DSM-5). Each subtype has its special significance and focus. As the primary caregivers and observer of delirious patients, nurses should be able to quickly and accurately indentify each subtype. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify nurses’ assessment ability of delirium subtypes. However, there is currently no suitable questionnaire available for investigating nurses’ assessment ability of delirium subtypes.

Objective
To develop a scientifically validated questionnaire for assessing nursing assessment ability of delirium subtypes based on Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP) Model.

Methods
The questionnaire was conducted from October 2021 to February 2022 to assess the KAP status of nurses the regarding delirium subtype. A two-round Delphi Method was employed to revise the draft questionnaire, ensuring the importance and rationality of each item. Ten experts specializing in critically ill patients, clinical nursing, and nursing management were invited from seven provinces in China for the Delphi process. Additionally, we validated the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.

Results
The return rate in the first and second rounds were 83% and 100%, respectively. The individual authority coefficients for the two rounds of correspondence ranged from 0.787 to 0.987, while the overall authority coefficient of experts was 0.866. Kendall’s coefficient of coordination for the importance scores were found to be 0.192 and 0.156, respectively, whereas those for rationality scores were calculated as 0.149 and 0.141, respectively. Notably, all mean values of importance and rationality scores in the two rounds were exceeded a threshold of 4.10 across both rounds of assessment with coefficient variations (CV) ranging from 0.00 to 0.19 for importance ratings and 0.00 to 0.16 for rationality ratings, both of which were <0.25. Experts proposed modifications to eleven items while introducing four new ones into consideration during this process; thus ensuring that reliability and validity standards were met by the final questionnaire design which consists of a total of thirty-seven items distributed across four dimensions: delirium subtype-related knowledge, assessment attitude, assessment practice, and knowledge source–thereby establishing its clinical relevance as a reliable scientific instrument.

Conclusion
The development process is both scientific and theoretical, encompassing reliable expert correspondence results and a diverse range of question formats. As thus, effectively captures the current landscape of delirium subtypes assessment among clinical nurses from multiple perspectives, including knowledge level and source, attitude, assessment behavior, and assessment barriers. It offers comprehensive and detailed insights.
Border Abolitionism: Migrants’ Containment and the Genealogies of Struggles and Rescue, Martina Tazzioli (2023)
Authors: Canzutti Lucrezia 
Published: January 2024

Review of: Border Abolitionism: Migrants’ Containment and the Genealogies of Struggles and Rescue, Martina Tazzioli (2023)
Manchester: Manchester University Press, 200 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-52616-093-5, h/bk, £80.00
(Im)mobile Homes: Family Life at a Distance in the Age of Mobile Media, Earvin Charles B. Cabalquinto (2022)
Authors: Cabaraban Maria Karlene Shawn I. 
Published: January 2024

Review of: (Im)mobile Homes: Family Life at a Distance in the Age of Mobile Media, Earvin Charles B. Cabalquinto (2022)
New York: Oxford University Press, 256 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-19752-484-8, p/bk, £29.99
Optimized quantum drift diffusion model for a resonant tunneling diode
Authors: Muscato Orazio , Nastasi Giovanni , Romano Vittorio , Vitanza Giorgia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The main aim of this work is to optimize a Quantum Drift Diffusion model (QDD) (V. Romano, M. Torrisi, and R. Tracinà, “Approximate solutions to the quantum drift-diffusion model of semiconductors,” J. Math. Phys., vol. 48, p. 023501, 2007; A. El Ayyadi and A. Jüngel, “Semiconductor simulations using a coupled quantum drift-diffusion schrödinger-Poisson model,” SIAM J. Appl. Math., vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 554–572, 2005; L. Barletti and C. Cintolesi, “Derivation of isothermal quantum fluid equations with Fermi-Dirac and bose-einstein statistics,” J. Stat. Phys., vol. 148, pp. 353–386, 2012) by comparing it with the Boltzmann-Wigner Transport Equation (BWTE) (O. Muscato, “Wigner ensemble Monte Carlo simulation without splitting error of a GaAs resonant tunneling diode,” J. Comput. Electron., vol. 20, pp. 2062–2069, 2021) solved using a signed Monte Carlo method (M. Nedjalkov, H. Kosina, S. Selberherr, C. Ringhofer, and D. K. Ferry, “Unified particle approach to Wigner-Boltzmann transport in small semiconductor devices,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 70, pp. 115–319, 2004). A situation of high non equilibrium regime is investigated: electron transport in a Resonant Tunneling Diode (RTD) made of GaAs with two potential barriers in GaAlAs. The range of the suitable voltage bias applied to the RTD is analyzed. We find an acceptable agreement between QDD model and BWTE when the applied bias is low or moderate with a threshold of about 0.225 V over a length of 150 nm; it is found out that the use of a field dependent mobility is crucial for getting a good description of the negative differential conductivity in such a range. At higher bias voltages, we expect that QDD model loses accuracy.
Transcriptome analysis of effects of Tecrl deficiency on cardiometabolic and calcium regulation in cardiac tissue
Authors: Lin Shujia , Chen Shun , Lin Qiuping , Xiao Tingting , Hou Cuilan , Xie Lijian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a hereditary heart disease characterized by bidirectional or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Although trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA reductase like (TECRL) is a newly reported pathogenic gene leading to CPVT that can influence intracellular calcium regulation, the unidentified mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of TECRL deficiency-mediated CPVT remains mainly elusive. In the present study, Tecrl knockout (KO) mice were established and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated by RNA-sequencing from the heart tissues. In addition, 857 DEGs were identified in Tecrl KO mice. Subsequently, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis was conducted to discern the pivotal pathways implicated in the Tecrl-mediated regulatory network. Moreover, pathway mapping analyses demonstrated that essential metabolism-related pathways were significantly enriched, notably the fatty acid metabolic process and calcium regulation. Collectively, the data suggested a synergistic relationship between Tecrl deficiency and cardiometabolic and calcium regulation during the development of CPVT. Therefore, further studies on the potential function of TECRL in cardiac tissues would be beneficial to elucidate the pathogenesis of CPVT.
Mechanical properties of elevator ropes and belts exposed to corrosion and elevated temperatures
Authors: Sekmen Hüseyin , Onur Yusuf Aytaç 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Safety in elevators is extremely important phenomenon. Elevator accidents occurring today are at a level that seriously threatens the safety of life and property, and especially elevator ropes and belts have a very important place in these systems in order not to endanger human life. As with every mechanism, stress, fatigue and deformations occur in elevator parts and equipments such as ropes and belts over time causing impairment and reduce their strength. In this study, artificial defects were given to the 8 × 19 Warrington steel wire rope and polyurethane coated elevator belt to examine the effects of different type of corrosion and elevated temperature deterioration on mechanical properties and their comparisons were made. Results indicate that the percent reduction in lifting capacity of the elevator belt investigated was lower than that of the 8 × 19 Warrington rope in all degradation types examined.
Fe2B layer growth kinetics on ASTM A307 steel evaluated by two diffusion models
Authors: Ortiz-Domínguez Martin , Keddam Mourad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we implemented two simple models to simulate the growth of the Fe2B layer on ASTM A307 steel through boriding. The first model considered steady-state boron diffusion, while the second model incorporated transient regime effects. In the steady-state model, the boron concentration profile within the Fe2B layer exhibited linearity. By correlating the boron chemical potential with the inward mass flux at the (Fe2B/substrate) interface, we confirmed the parabolic nature of layer growth. Both models were employed to determine the boron activation energies, yielding the same value of approximately 164 kJ mol−1. Experimental validation of the two models was conducted under two additional boriding conditions (1323 K for 1.5 and 2 h). Finally, the simulated layer thicknesses matched with the experimental values.
The crystal structure of 2,5-bis[(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione, C28H26N6O4
Authors: Smith Mark G. , Lemmerer Andreas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
C28H26N6O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.0398(4) Å, b = 7.1786(2) Å, c = 14.9824(5) Å, β = 112.642(2)°, V = 1294.37(7) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0458, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1133, T = 173 K.
Discernment2 and Discernment1: does historical politeness need another binary?
Authors: Paternoster Annick 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Historical politeness scholars use Discernment as a second-order metaterm for compulsory social behaviour that is scripted according to circumstances and rank difference. However, in Renaissance courtesy books the Italian verb discernere ‘to discern’ has a first-order meaning: to individually work out appropriate behaviour when the fit of rules to circumstances is unclear. Discernment1 and Discernment2 appear to contradict each other. This paper addresses a theory gap: a theory of Discernment2 must unravel the link with Discernment1, given that Discernment1 functions as a metaterm in prescriptive politeness sources from a historical period for which scholars believe social practices are determined by Discernment2. Using a self-built corpus of ca. one hundred nineteenth-century etiquette books in US-UK English, French, Italian and Dutch, I conduct a semantic analysis of discern* (92 hits) and its collocate “tact”, tact, tatto, takt (575 hits), which point to a practical type of reasoning, to carry out a careful assessment of the unique and complex situation at hand before deciding on a course of action. However detailed etiquette scripts are, discernment (tact) is needed to process the complexity of real-life circumstances. Hence, Discernment1 and 2 appear complementary.
The Relationship Between Isometric Midthigh Pull Force-Time Characteristics and 2-km Load-Carrying Performance in Trained British Army Soldiers
Authors: Nevin Jonpaul , Bowling Kim , Cousens Charles , Bambrough Robert , Ramsdale Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Nevin, JP, Bowling, K, Cousens, C, Bambrough, R, and Ramsdale, M. The relationship between isometric midthigh pull force-time characteristics and 2-km load-carrying performance in trained British army soldiers. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): 360–366, 2024—Load carriage is a fundamental military occupational task. As such, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between isometric force-time characteristics and loaded march performance. Furthermore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between isometric force-time characteristics and standing long jump (SLJ) performance. Thirty-nine, full-trained, male British Army infantry soldiers (age 31 ± 6.1 years; height 176 ± 7.3 cm; body mass 85.8 ± 11.5 kg) performed three isometric midthigh pull trials, three SLJ trials, and a 2-km loaded march carrying an external load of 25 kg. Both the isometric midthigh pull test (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] 0.965) and SLJ (ICC 0.916) demonstrated excellent reliability. Relationships between all variables were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Isometric peak force (r = −0.059), relative peak force (r = −0.135), and rate of force development (r = −0.162) displayed a small correlation with loaded march time to completion. However, isometric relative peak force displayed a large relationship with SLJ performance (r = 0.545; p = <0.01). Our data demonstrate that isometric lower-limb strength measures account for <2% of the total variance observed in 2-km loaded march performance. As such, the use of isometric lower-limb force-time characteristics as a proxy measure of load-carrying ability should be questioned. However, relative isometric strength seems to demonstrate a significant relationship with SLJ performance. As such, isometric testing may have utility in regard to assessing explosive strength, monitoring neuromuscular fatigue, and assessing training readiness in military populations.
A Novel Case Study Approach to the Investigation of Leg Strength Asymmetry and Rugby League Player's Multidirectional Speed
Authors: Helme Mark , Emmonds Stacey , Low Chris , Till Kevin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Helme, M, Emmonds, S, Low, C, and Till, K. A novel case study approach to the investigation of leg strength asymmetry and Rugby League player's multidirectional speed. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—Leg strength and multidirectional speed qualities have repeatedly been linked with increased performance during Rugby League (RL) match play and associated with career attainment. However, very little of this evidence for strength has been gained through unilateral measurements with no study available that has examined the impact of strength asymmetry, in this population, on speed qualities in RL players. Therefore, this study examined the association between unilateral strength, and as a novel development, the subject with the most extreme asymmetry was identified for further analysis. Fifty RL players undertook the rear foot elevated split squat 5 repetition maximum, 20-m linear sprint, and modified 505 change of direction test. The mean leg strength for the group was 88.92 ± 12.59 kg; when divided by body mass, the mean relative strength (REL) was 1.03 ± 0.17 kg·kg−1, and the mean asymmetry was 3.21 ± 5.70%. The subject with the greatest asymmetry (subject A) had an imbalance of 33% and a mean leg strength of 75 kg (REL = 0.78 kg·kg−1) and a body mass 1 SD above the group mean. Analysis of the group's data and that of subject A did not indicate that leg strength asymmetry was either frequent or harmful, with respect to speed performance. However, relative leg strength was associated with both improved linear and multidirectional speed. Practitioners are recommended to prioritize the development of relative leg strength and disregard the aspiration for between leg performance symmetry.
Corrección quirúrgica de ruptura traumática total de uretra membranosa en un canino: reporte de caso
Authors: Pedraza Castillo L. N. , Roque Rodríguez A. I. 
Published: January 2024

Este reporte de caso describe la reparación quirúrgica de una ruptura traumática total de uretra membranosa de un paciente macho canino de 5 años de edad, raza mestiza que fue atropellado tres días atrás por un automóvil.
En este procedimiento fue usada la técnica descrita por Fossum 2019 con modificaciones realizadas por la experiencia quirúrgica de los autores en donde se utilizó un punto de fijación prostático que permitió disminuir las fuerzas de tensión ejercidas por la vejiga y el tamaño del defecto. En casos de trauma abdominal la presencia de comorbilidades se asocia a peor pronóstico, en este caso, el uroabdomen que fue tratado de forma inmediata. El paciente permanece en posoperatorio durante 4 semanas y 14 meses después presenta perfecto funcionamiento del tracto urinario inferior con flujo normal de orina, considerándose que la técnica fue exitosa. Se administraron antibióticos sistémicos, antiinflamatorios y el cierre completo de la herida se da tres semanas después. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una técnica poco invasiva y sin complicaciones intraoperatorias en la cual se modifica el procedimiento conservador generando un resultado exitoso sin que sea necesaria la realización de una osteotomía púbica la cual además de ser altamente invasiva con los tejidos, es bastante dolorosa para el paciente.
Deep Learning Ensembles for Improved Atmospheric Composition Modeling
Authors: Sleeman Jennifer , Keller Christoph A. , Ribaudo Christopher , Chung David , Szeto Mimi 
Published: January 2024

Better forecasting of atmospheric composition is a critical aspect of environmental and climate monitoring. Among climate and weather numeric modeling, often ensembles are used to improve the forecasting power and to quantify the uncertainty of the model. However, the numerical simulation of atmospheric chemistry, critical for composition simulations, is computationally too expensive to generate numerical composition ensembles. One way to address this problem is to use deep learning to emulate the slow physical model. In this work we study the feasibility of two different deep learning methods and show how an emulator could be used to realistically estimate uncertainties of atmospheric composition forecasts, bypassing the need to run costly numerical ensemble simulations. One of the methods builds upon Fourier neural operators and the NVIDIA FourCastNet architecture and the second method builds on conditional Generative Adversarial Networks. We design the models to respond to perturbations to the most important drivers of air pollution, including meteorology and pollutant emissions. We apply this framework to the NASA GEOS Composition Forecast System (GEOS-CF), which produces daily global composition forecasts at approximately 25 km^2 horizontal resolution. Due to computational constraints, GEOS-CF currently has limited capability to produce probabilistic estimates or to optimally assimilate trace gas observations. We show how a deep learning emulator has the potential to improve composition forecasts produced by GEOS-CF or other, similar types of applications. These methods could be applied to other types of ensemble-based models, potentially providing a large speed-up in overall modeling time.
Functional brain connectivity in electrical status epilepticus in sleep
Authors: Mott Steven H. , Morse Richard P. , Burroughs Scott A. , Buckley Ashura W. , Farmer Cristan A. , Thurm Audrey E. , Swedo Susan E. , Krag Amara L. , Holmes Gregory L. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTAims. Electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) is an age‐related, self‐limited epileptic encephalopathy. The syndrome is characterized by cognitive and behavioral abnormalities and a specific EEG pattern of continuous spikes and waves during slow‐wave sleep. While spikes and sharp waves are known to result in transient cognitive impairment during learning and memory tasks performed during the waking state, the effect of epileptiform discharges during sleep on cognition and behavior is unclear. There is increasing evidence that abnormalities of coherence, a measure of the consistency of the phase difference between two EEG signals when compared over time, is an important feature of brain oscillations and plays a role in cognition and behavior. The objective of this study was to determine whether coherence of EEG activity is altered during slow‐wave sleep in children with ESES when compared to typically developing children.Methods. We examined coherence during epochs of ESES versus epochs when ESES was not present. In addition, we compared coherence during slow‐wave sleep between typically developing children and children with ESES.Results. ESES was associated with remarkably high coherences at all bandwidths and most electrode pairs. While the high coherence was largely attributed to the spikes and spike‐and‐wave discharge, activity between spikes and spike‐and‐wave discharge also demonstrated high coherence.Conclusions. This study indicates that EEG coherence during ESES is relatively high. Whether these increases in coherence correlate with the cognitive and behavioral abnormalities seen in children with this EEG pattern remains to be determined.