bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceived changes in responsibilities for adult caregivers who support children and youth in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Chiang Madeline , Markoulakis Roula , Levitt Anthony 
Published: January 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has created long-lasting changes in caregiving responsibilities, including but not limited to increased demands, loss of support, worsening mental and physical health, and increased financial worries. There is currently limited evidence regarding factors associated with perceived changes in caregiving responsibilities.

Aims
This observational study aimed to investigate factors (sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers and mental health and/or addiction concerns of the caregiver and their youth) that predict perceived negative changes in caregiving responsibilities among adult caregivers (aged 18+ years) of children and youth (aged 0–25 years) in Ontario, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method
Data were collected from 1381 caregivers of children and youth between January and March of 2022 through a representative cross-sectional survey completed online. Logistic regression was conducted to determine predictors contributing to perceived negative changes in caregiving responsibilities.

Results
Among the sociodemographic characteristics, only ethnicity significantly predicted outcome. Higher caregiver strain (odds ratio [OR] = 10.567, 95% CI = 6.614–16.882, P < 0.001), worsened personal mental health (OR = 1.945, 95% CI = 1.474–2.567, P < 0.001), a greater number of children/youth cared for per caregiver (OR = 1.368, 95% CI = 1.180–1.587, P < 0.001), dissatisfaction with the availability of social supports (OR = 1.768, 95% CI = 1.297–2.409, P < 0.001) and negative changes in mental well-being in at least one child/youth (OR = 2.277, 95% CI = 1.660–3.123, P < 0.001) predicted negative changes in caregiving responsibilities.

Conclusion
These results support further exploration of the implications of negative perceptions of caregiving responsibilities and what processes might be implemented to improve these perceptions and the outcomes.
Virtual Cancer Care Beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic: Patient and Staff Perspectives and Recommendations
Authors: Abdelmutti Nazek , Powis Melanie , Macedo Alyssa , Liu Zhihui , Bender Jackie L. , Papadakos Janet , Hack Saidah , Rajnish Nikki , Rana Palwasha , Kittuppanantharajah Shay , Lovas Mike , Melwani Sheena , Moody Lesley , Elliot Mary , Ashfaq Iqra , Avery Lisa , Mohammed Hiba , Berlin Alejandro , Krzyzanowska Monika K. 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE COVID-19 catalyzed rapid implementation of virtual cancer care (VC); however, work is needed to inform long-term adoption. We evaluated patient and staff experiences with VC at a large urban, tertiary cancer center to inform recommendations for postpandemic sustainment. METHODS All physicians who had provided VC during the pandemic and all patients who had a valid e-mail address on file and at least one visit to the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto, Canada, in the preceding year were invited to complete a survey. Interviews and focus groups with patients and staff across the cancer center were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis and triangulated with survey findings. RESULTS Response rates for patients and physicians were 15% (2,343 of 15,169) and 41% (100 of 246), respectively. A greater proportion of patients than physicians were satisfied with VC (80.1 v 53.4%; P < .01). In addition, fewer patients than physicians felt that virtual visits were worse than those conducted in person (28.0 v 43.4%; P < .01) and that telephone and video visits negatively affected the human interaction that they valued (59.8% v 82.0%; P < .01). Major barriers to VC for patients were respect for care preferences and personal boundaries, accessibility, and equitable access. For staff, major barriers included a lack of role clarity, dedicated resources (space and technology), integration of nursing and allied health, support (administrative, clinical, and technical), and guidance on appropriateness of use. CONCLUSION Patient and staff perceptions and barriers to virtual care are different. Moving forward, we need to pay attention to both staff and patient experiences with virtual care since this will have major implications for long-term adoption into clinical practice.
Impact of amyloidosis on the outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease: A nationwide analysis
Authors: Prakash Babu Janani , Layadi Eka Benhardi , Singh Sukhnoor , James Alpha , Kaur Gagan , Kataria Sharvilkumar , Kataria Deeti , Majmundar Vidit , Sanghvi Labdhi , Uttam Chandani Kanishka , Raval Maharshi 
Published: January 2024

Background: Amyloidosis is a disease of increasing interest, primarily due to its high prevalence and advances in diagnostic and therapeutic options. It is known to be coexistent with a significant number of aortic stenosis patients (AS). Various studies have been done to evaluate its role in the clinical outcomes of AS. However, there is a lack of similar data on coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional cohort study using the nationwide inpatient sample (NIS) 2018–19. We included 305,675 adult inpatients with CAD and further divided by the presence of a co-diagnosis of amyloidosis. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) of the association between in-hospital mortality in CAD inpatients with and without amyloidosis and other comorbidities. Results: The prevalence of amyloidosis in the total inpatient population with CAD was 7.3%, with the majority of the patients being in the older age group (mean age: 66.88 years), males (64.2%), and white (70.9%). Interestingly, the amyloidosis cohort had a higher prevalence of hypertension (89.3% vs. 85.1%). CAD inpatients with amyloidosis were noted to have higher in-hospital mortality (1.6% vs. 0.9%) with an OR of 1.87 (95% CI 1.66–2.11, p <0.001). These patients also had a higher length of stay (6.66 days vs. 4.68 days), total charges ($156,149.76 vs. $119,442.71), and major loss of function (56.5% vs. 30.5%). Amongst patients with CAD and amyloidosis, household income below the 50th percentile was a risk factor for in-hospital mortality (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.39–1.63, p <0.001). Conclusions: Results from our study show that CAD inpatients who have comorbid amyloidosis have worse outcomes compared to those who do not. Further studies are needed to determine the etiology behind these outcomes and thus guide the management of stable CAD in amyloidosis patients.
HUMAN CAPITAL OF EMPLOYEES OF A TRANSPORT COMPANY: PROBLEMS OF MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Borisov A. , Voroncov A. , Trofimova T. 
Published: January 2024

The article examines the issues of managing the development of human capital of transport company workers, analyzes the problematic situation of the need to develop professional competencies of repair shop workers and the reasons for the lack of motivation for their training and development. The need to improve the level of qualifi cations of workers and the need for investment in human capital is emphasized, the need to develop in workers such professional competencies that would meet the needs of the modern labor market is noted. Under these conditions, it becomes clear why companies need to competently build a human
capital management system. During the empirical study, an expert interview with company managers and a questionnaire survey of employees were conducted, an analysis of the most important professional competencies was carried out, and a rating of signifi cant qualities of the human capital of employees of this company was compiled.
Effect of early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation on function and quality of life in sepsis patients
Authors: Zheng Ming-Hui , Liu Wen-Jun , Yang Juan 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Sepsis, as a non-limiting host infection disease, can be accompanied by serious complications such as organ failure, which seriously threatens patient quality of life.
AIM
To investigate the effect of early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in patients evacuated from mechanical ventilation with sepsis.
METHODS
A total of 80 patients with sepsis who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected and divided into the observation group (n = 40) and the control group (n = 40) according to the random number table method. The observation group was treated with early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, and the control group was treated with a conventional treatment regimen. Cardiac function indexes (central venous pressure, cardiac troponin I, B-type brain natriuretic peptide), lung function indicators (diaphragmatic mobility, changes in central venous oxygen saturation, oxygenation index), and quality of life (Quality of Life Evaluation Scale) were compared between the two groups after treatment.
RESULTS
After treatment, the central venous pressure, diaphragm mobility, central venous oxygen saturation, oxygenation index, and Quality of Life Evaluation Scale scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The observation group was less than that of the control group for other parameters, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Early stepwise cardiopulmonary rehabilitation can effectively enhance cardiac and pulmonary function and improve the quality of life in patients evacuated from mechanical ventilation with sepsis.
Appendicitis combined with Meckel’s diverticulum obstruction, perforation, and inflammation in children: Three case reports
Authors: Sun Yi-Meng , Xin Wang , Liu Yu-Fang , Guan Zhe-Ming , Du Hao-Wen , Sun Ning-Ning , Liu Yong-Dong 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Meckel’s diverticulum is a common congenital malformation of the small intestine, with the three most common complications being obstruction, perforation, and inflammation. To date, only a few cases have been reported worldwide. In children, the clinical symptoms are similar to appendicitis. As most of the imaging features are nonspecific, the preoperative diagnosis is not precise. In addition, the clinical characteristics are highly similar to pediatric acute appendicitis, thus special attention is necessary to distinguish Meckel’s diverticulum from pediatric appendicitis. Patients with poor disease control should undergo laparoscopic exploration to avoid serious complications, including intestinal necrosis, intestinal perforation and gastrointestinal bleeding.
CASE SUMMARY
This report presents three cases of appendicitis in children combined with intestinal obstruction, which was caused by fibrous bands (ligaments) arising from the top part of Meckel's diverticulum, diverticular perforation, and diverticular inflammation. All three patients, aged 11-12 years, had acute appendicitis as their initial clinical presentation. All were treated by laparoscopic surgery with a favorable outcome. A complete dataset including clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, surgical information, and histopathologic findings was also provided.
CONCLUSION
Preoperative diagnosis of Meckel’s diverticulum and its complications is challenging because its clinical signs and complications are similar to those of appendicitis in children. Laparoscopy combined with laparotomy is useful for diagnosis and treatment.
Solutions of a coupled system of hybrid boundary value problems with Riesz-Caputo derivative
Authors: Ji Dehong , Fu Shiqiu , Yang Yitao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Riesz-Caputo fractional derivative refers to a fractional derivative that reflects both the past and the future memory effects. This study gives sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions for a coupled system of fractional order hybrid differential equations involving the Riesz-Caputo fractional derivative. For this motive, the results are obtained via classical results due to Dhage.
Grain boundary diffusion and grain boundary phase transition in tungsten in the temperature range of activated sintering
Authors: Lee Jai-Sung , Divinski Sergiy V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Grain boundary self- and solute (cobalt) diffusion in tungsten was found [Lee et al., Scr. Metall, 1988; Lee et al., Col. de Physique, 1990] to exhibit discontinuities in the Arrhenius behavior at the homologous temperatures of 0.36 < T/T
m < 0.4 that surprisingly match the activation sintering temperature of W (T
m is the melting point). In the present work, this unusual grain boundary diffusion phenomenon is discussed in terms of a fundamental grain boundary phase transition in W. The experimental data are analysed with respect to predicted segregation-induced grain boundary phase transformation. Competing co-segregation of impurity elements (carbon and phosphor) might induce a discontinuous grain boundary segregation and invoke a grain boundary phase transition which modifies the grain boundary mobilities of substitutional atoms. The improved understanding of grain boundary phase transitions is expected to provide a breakthrough in interpreting the exact mechanism of W-activated sintering.
Thyroid hormone resistance and large goiter mimicking infiltrative carcinoma in a pediatric patient
Authors: Baxter Carly , Martinez-Rios Claudia , Ahmet Alexandra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a genetic condition, caused by mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor gene and characterized by impaired end organ responsiveness to thyroid hormone. Here we describe a novel case of THR associated with large goiter mimicking infiltrative c.

Case presentation
A 13-year-old male with a hyperthyroid phenotype of RTH diagnosed as a toddler, on methimazole and nadolol therapies presented with an increase in goiter size and possible nodule. Thyroid ultrasound was concerning for a diffuse infiltrative process or malignancy. Methimazole was discontinued and he underwent further imaging, fine needle aspiration and core biopsies. Biopsy results were reassuring and imaging findings were subsequently attributed to RTH rather than malignancy. He started every other day liothyronine therapy, which led to a decrease in goiter size, thyroglobulin level, and improvement of hyperthyroid symptoms.

Conclusions
This is the first case to our knowledge describing the above thyroid imaging findings in association with RTH. It also adds important information to the pediatric literature regarding management of the hyperthyroid phenotype of RTH, including the role of liothyronine therapy.
In alternations, not all semantic motivation comes from semantic contrast
Authors: Cai Yingying , De Smet Hendrik 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Functional explanations of alternations often invoke semantic contrast between alternates. In some cases, however, new alternations may arise not to code contrast but simply because the grammar supports multiple roughly equivalent solutions to the same coding problem. Our study illustrates this by exploring the history of English prepositional phrase complements (PPCs) to mental predicates, with a special focus on about and at (as in everyone was enthusiastic about the project). It is shown that about saw a dramatic extension in its use as a PPC marker, resulting in various new alternation contexts. These developments are concomitant to changes in the general semantic structure of about that resulted in stronger grammatical sanction to its use as a PPC marker. Compared to about, at has a far more stable semantic profile overall, contributing to greater stability in its use as a PPC marker as well. In other words, distributional changes in the system of PPCs, and the new alternations that arise as a result, are a side effect of changes in the overall semantic profiles of the prepositions used to mark PPCs.
There are More, or Fewer, Things than Most of us Think
Authors: Noonan Harold W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In Chapter 12 of his book Material Beings (Van Inwagen, Peter. 1990. Material Beings. Ithaca: Cornell University Press) van Inwagen argues that there are no artefacts, or very few, certainly fewer than most people believe. Artisans very rarely create, at least in the sense of causing things to come into existence. The argument in Chapter 12 is a very powerful one. I do not think that it establishes van Inwagen’s conclusion, but it does, I think, given its (plausible) premise, establish that if there are not far fewer material things in the world than we ordinarily believe, then there are far more. In this sense it establishes, as Russell once said, ‘the truth about physical objects must be strange’. Furthermore, I argue at the end, we cannot avoid this conclusion even if we reject van Inwagen’s premise. Thus the defender of our common sense ontology is caught on the horns of a dilemma. So our commonsense ontology is indefensible.
Can photonic heterostructures provably outperform single-material geometries?
Authors: Amaolo Alessio , Chao Pengning , Maldonado Thomas J. , Molesky Sean , Rodriguez Alejandro W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Recent advances in photonic optimization have enabled calculation of performance bounds for a wide range of electromagnetic objectives, albeit restricted to single-material systems. Motivated by growing theoretical interest and fabrication advances, we present a framework to bound the performance of photonic heterostructures and apply it to investigate maximum absorption characteristics of multilayer films and compact, free-form multi-material scatterers. Limits predict trends seen in topology-optimized geometries – often coming within factors of two of specific designs – and may be utilized in conjunction with inverse designs to predict when heterostructures are expected to outperform their optimal single-material counterparts.
Coherent perfect loss with single and broadband resonators at photonic crystal nanobeam
Authors: Choi Jihoon , Hong Young Ki , Noh Heeso 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Coherent perfect absorption (CPA) has been studied in various fields, such as metasurface, photonics, and acoustics, because of its ability to perfectly absorb light at a specific wavelength. However, the narrow bandwidth of CPA makes its application to on-chip photonics challenging. This limitation can be overcome by using a broadband resonator. Here, we demonstrate the coherent perfect loss (CPL) with respect to a single and broadband resonator at photonic crystal nanobeam. By using the finite element method, both cases of the CPL were simulated and optimized for the single and broadband resonators. In the optimized structure, a CPL occurs for both resonators. These results confirm that the perfect loss region for the broadband resonator is wider than that for the single resonator. These results are experimentally verified by fabricating both cases of CPL cases on a silicon-on-insulator by using electron beam lithography. An almost perfect loss of more than 95 % is observed for both single and broadband CPLs. Furthermore, the almost perfect loss region at the broadband resonator broadens more than that at the single resonator. The optimized structure for CPL has the potential for easy applications to on-chip photonics, such as optical switches, modulators, sensors, and logic gates.
Experimental, Analytical, and Computational Studies on the Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of a Titanium Alloy under Cold-Turbistan Spectrum Loads
Authors: Manjunatha C. M. , Malipatil Sharanagouda G. , Nagarajappa N. , Majila Anuradha N. , Fernando D Chandru , Bojja Ramesh , Jagannathan N. , Manjuprasad M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy subjected to spectrum loads was experimentally determined and compared with predicted behavior by analytical and computational methods. In the experimental method, a compact tension (CT) specimen of Ti-6Al-4V was tested under standard cold-Turbistan spectrum loads to determine crack propagation behavior. Spectrum fatigue tests were conducted with triangular waveform at 2 Hz. In the analytical predictive method firstly, constant amplitude FCG tests were conducted at several stress ratios and a unified FCG law based on crack driving force, K* was derived for Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Then, the crack growth for every rainflow-counted fatigue load cycle in the cold-Turbistan sequence was determined using the derived FCG law. In the computational method, a global and a local model of the CT specimen of Ti-6Al-4V were created in HYPERMESH and FRANC3D, respectively. The FCG behavior under the cold-Turbistan spectrum was then predicted using FRANC3D and MSC NASTRAN. The required materials constants for the FCG law in the FRANC3D software were derived from the experimental constant amplitude FCG rate data of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. It was observed that both methods of FCG predictions, i.e., analytical and computational methods, although conservative, compared quite well with experimental results.
Visita virtual hospitalar na perspectiva de familiares de pacientes internados
Authors: Reis Luciana Bicalho , Pereira Kaick Rocha , Cazelli Rachel de Freitas Wandekokem , Gomes Jean Fabricio Sales , Ricardo Rosilene Chagas , Lobato Paula Fernandes 
Published: January 2024

A pandemia da Covid-19 impôs restrições das mais variadas à humanidade, incluindo a suspensão de visitas e acompanhantes aos pacientes hospitalizados. Frente a isso, muitos hospitais implantaram as chamadas visitas virtuais. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as percepções de familiares de pacientes internados sobre as visitas virtuais (VV) realizadas em ambiente hospitalar durante a pandemia da Covid-19. De natureza qualitativa, procedeu-se à entrevista de nove familiares de pacientes que ficaram internados durante a pandemia. Os dados foram submetidos à análise lexical por meio do software IRAMUTEQ, resultando em cinco classes. Na percepção dos participantes, a suspensão das visitas e da presença de acompanhantes intensificava o sofrimento de pacientes e familiares. Apesar do reconhecimento por parte dos participantes da importância do isolamento como forma de se mitigar o contágio e avanço da pandemia, o preço afetivo e emocional advindos disto foi alto para todos os envolvidos. Os resultados indicam que as visitas virtuais foram um importante fator de promoção de alívio emocional para familiares e pacientes por favorecer a comunicação e contato direto, possibilitando a emergência de sentimentos positivos e a redução do sofrimento mental e estresse. Considera-se que seus impactos podem diminuir as chances de luto complicado. Conclui-se que as VV se apresentam como uma modalidade de cuidado psicológico eficiente na medida em que promovem a emergência de sentimentos positivos como esperança, gratidão e calma. Tais sentimentos sinalizam a redução do sofrimento mental e estresse, alcançando um dos principais objetivos da psicologia hospitalar.