bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 171 low-income patients with hemophilia in Shandong Province
Authors: Wang Jie , Cheng Yan , Fang Yunhai , Qiao Cuicui , Wang Tiantian , Wang Hehe , Zhang Xueqin , Li Qiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aim
To increase the attention given to low-income hemophilia patients, and to reduce the annual bleeding rate and incidence of hemophilia arthropathy, ultimately improving quality of life.
Methods
Clinical data from 171 low-income hemophilia patients were collected from January 2017 to December 2019 in Shandong Province. The data includes age, education, employment status, activity of factor Ⅷ/Ⅸ and inhibitor, therapeutic regimen, virus infection, and annual bleeding rate (ABR). The translated and validated Chinese version of the Haemophilia Quality of Life questionnaire for adults (Haem- QoL-A), Hemophilia Joint Health Scores (HJHS) and annualized FⅧ or prothrombin complex (PCC) consumption were applied.
Results
In our study, a total of 171 male patients—131 adults and 40 children—were included, and the median age was 30 years. The average annual income of these patients' families was ¥6181.52. Among the patients with initial bleeding, the median age was 1 year. A total of 133 (77.8%) patients were diagnosed with hemophiliac arthropathy. Eight out of 150 patients had a hemophilia A inhibitor, while only 1 patient had a hemophilia B inhibitor. Among the 171 patients, only 6 children received low-dose prophylaxis. In terms of viral infections, twenty patients (11.7%) were infected with transfusion-associated viruses. The median ABR was 20 bleeding events/year (2-100). The mean Haemo-QoL-A score was 62.3\(\pm 14.5\). The mean total HJHS in children was 8.1\(\pm 7.1\), and that in adults with HA/HB was 40.1\(\pm 20.0\) (P<0.05). The annual per capita factor dosage of the 171 low-income hemophilia patients was calculated to be 6182 IU/year.
Conclusions
In low-income hemophilia patients, the incidence of joint deformity is greater, the incidence of hemophilia inhibitors is lower, and the rate of virus infection through blood transfusion is lower; these findings are attributed to nonstandardized treatment. Moreover, the annual factor consumption of low-income patients in Shandong Province is significantly below the national average. Consequently, it is imperative to provide additional assistance and care to low-income patients. Early prophylaxis in children is essential to protect the joints.
A Pleurotus eryngii based biomass porous carbon encapsulated phase change material for efficient thermal energy storage
Authors: Hu Yang , Zhang Mengyang , Quan Bingqing , Li Xiaolong , Hu Xinpeng , Wu Hao , Huang xianrong , Lu Xiang , Qu Jinping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
With the sharp increase in modern energy consumption, phase change composites with the characteristics of rapid preparation are employed for thermal energy storage to meet the challenge of energy crisis. In this study, a NaCl-assisted carbonization process was used to construct porous Pleurotus eryngii carbon with ultra-low volume shrinkage rate of 2%, which providing enormous space for encapsulation of phase change materials. Such composite possesses exceptional thermal stability, with an absorption rate of 88.24%, a melting enthalpy of 174.87 J/g, and a relative enthalpy efficiency of 97.78%. Consequently, the resultant composites exhibit outstanding performances in storing and releasing thermal energy for photo-thermal, electric-thermal and magnetic-thermal conversion. This study presents a highly valuable strategy into the quick fabrication of phase change composites, facilitating their practical applications in thermal energy storage.
Metal-Phenolic Coordination mediated Nanoemulsions for All-in-One Drug Delivery
Authors: Jeon Yeji , Park Jun Woo , Lee Su Jin , Seol Ayun , Kim Yeojin , Choi Seong Gyu , Lee Eunji , Woo Sang Myung , Kim Yun-Hee , Hwang Dae Youn , Seo Sungbaek 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Combination chemotherapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment, enhancing antitumor efficacy while minimizing drug resistance and mitigating the risk of single-drug overdose toxicity. The complexity of pancreatic cancer treatment with its unique avascular and protective stromal barrier, poses challenges in reaching the tumor region – necessitating advanced combination therapy. While polymeric drug delivery carriers for combination chemotherapy have been developed through the synthesis of amphiphilic polymers, this process can be time-consuming and laborious. Polymer entanglement-based drug encapsulation has been limited in achieving high drug encapsulation efficiency because of the intrinsic preference for the localization or encapsulation of drugs based on their polarity. Herein a novel approach was employed, utilizing dynamic bonding and supramolecular assembly at the oil/water interface for drug encapsulation. An emulsion interface was formulated by metal-phenolic coordinate bonds, stabilizing nanoemulsions with diameters ranging from 50 to 100 nm for three weeks. These nanoemulsions co-encapsulated hydrophilic (gemcitabine) and hydrophobic (paclitaxel) anticancer drugs. Moreover, the cellular toxicity of the dual drugs-encapsulated nanoemulsions treatment showed better toxicity (57.0 ± 0.0%) than that of the gemcitabine only-encapsulated (84.0 ± 9.9%) and paclitaxel only-encapsulated (83.4 ± 7.2%) nanoemulsion treatments, demonstrating the potential of multidrug delivery carriers for synergistic combination therapy.
Incidence and Predictors of Treatment Failure Among Children Receiving First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in East Gojjam, Ethiopia: A Fifteen-year Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kassie Abere , Adimasu Makonnen , Tachbele Erdaw 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is still a major health problem in children in Ethiopia. Even though there is a rapid scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART), information on pediatric treatment failure is limited in the country. Hence, this study was designed to assess the incidence and predictors of ART treatment failure among children who were receiving first-line ART in East Gojjam, Ethiopia.
Methods
A fifteen-year retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 538 randomly selected under-15-year-old children who started antiretroviral medication between September 11, 2006, and September 10, 2021, in multicentre health facilities in East Gojjam. The medical records of the study participants were reviewed, and the required data were extracted using pretested structured checklists. The data were entered and cleaned using SPSS version 25 and exported to STATA version 14 for further statistical analysis. The Kaplan‒Meier survival curve, the log-rank test, and the scaled Schoenfeld residual test were applied for analysis.
Results
From a total of 538 medical records of children receiving antiretroviral treatment reviewed, 114 (21.2%) (95% CI: 17.8–24.9) developed treatment failure, 85 (74.6%) were virological, 19 (16.7%) were immunological (CD4), and 10 (8.8%) were clinical failures. The overall incidence density of treatment failure was 4.53 per 1000 person-months, with a mean survival time of 43.8 months (95% CI = 37.65–50.89) at treatment failure. WHO clinical stage III/IV (AHR = 3.0, CI = 1.3, 7.1), regimen not changed (AHR = 4.4, CI = 1.7, 11.7), poor ART adherence (AHR = 6.6, CI = 4.11, 10.66), stunting (AHR = 2.2, CI = 1.43, 3.44), and nevirapine containing regimen (AHR = 2.72, CI = 1.13–6.54) were significant predictors of treatment failure.
Conclusion
The incidence of ART treatment failure among the study participants was significantly high. WHO clinical stage III/IV, poor adherence to ART, regimen not changed, and nevirapine-containing regimen were all significant predictors of ART failure. Hence, by providing intensive care and close monitoring to higher-risk patients, a timely change in regimen was recommended.
Acute stress facilitates glutamatergic long-term potentiation in PVN magnocellular neurons through beta-adrenergic receptor/PKA cascade in vitro in rats
Authors: Jin Jing-Ri , Zhang Bin-Bin , Liu Yang , Gao Jun-Tao , Chu Chun-Ping , Li Yu-Zi , Liu Yan-Qun , Qiu De-Lai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Acute stress alternates the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) magnocellular neuronal activity through modulation of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs, leading to abnormal secretion of oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP). However, mechanism of acute stress modulates the glutamatergic long-term potentiation (LTP) in PVN magnocellular neuroendocrine cells (MNCs) is unclear. We here investigated the effect of acute stress on the glutamatergic LTP of PVN MNCs, by whole-cell patch-clamp recording with biocytin staining and pharmacological methods. Delivery of high frequency stimulation (HFS) induced a glutamatergic LTP accompanied with a decrease in paired-pulse ratio in PVN MNCs, which was significantly enhanced in acute stress rats. Blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) activity abolished the LTP of PVN MNCs in control group, but reveal a NMDAR-independent LTP in acute stress group. The NMDAR-independent LTP of PVN MNCs in stress rats was abolished by a β-AR inhibitor, propranolol, but not by an α-AR inhibitor, Phentolamine. The NMDAR-independent LTP of PVN MNCs in stress rats was abolished by bath application of a potent protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, KT5720 (200 nM), but not by a PKC inhibitor. Moreover, postsynaptic blockade of PKA completely prevented the HFS-induced glutamatergic LTP in PVN MNCs of stress rats. These results indicate that acute stress triggers an NMDAR-independent glutamatergic LTP of the PVN MNCs through a postsynaptic β-AR/PKA signaling pathway, resulting in an enhancement of an NMDAR-dependent presynaptic LTP in vitro in rats. The results suggest that acute stress upregulates OT and VP secretion by enhancing the excitatory glutamatergic LTP of PVN MNCs.
Machine learning and feature selection methods to predict 1-year survival and disease progression for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Anani Thibault , Pradat-Peyre Jean-François , Delbot François , Pradat Pierre-François 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This study addresses Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. ALS patients experience motor weakness, atrophy, spasticity, and difficulty in speech, swallowing, and breathing. Predicting ALS survival and progression is crucial for tailored care, interventions, and informed decision-making. Utilising the PRO-ACT database and Exonhit Therapeutics' clinical trial data, machine learning may allow predicting disease progression based on ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS) scores and patient survival within one year of follow-up. To comprehensively understand patient profiles, unsupervised learning via UMAP was applied for dimension reduction, effectively grouping patients based on features. To optimise the predictive quality of our models, we selected features prior to the analysis process. Ridge regression combined with feature selection yielded a predictive quality of 80.32\% for patients' survival and UMAP achieved prediction rates from 67.93\% when considering all clusters to 92.75\% when focusing on the most homogeneous ones, emphasising the relevance of feature selection. Our method showed accurate performance in predicting ALSFRS score progression at 3 months (RMSE = 2.86 and Adjusted R² = 0.796). This study demonstrates the ability of the models to provide meaningful predictive insights in the specific context of ALS, enhancing the understanding of disease dynamics and facilitating personalised patient care.
Effects of a Multifaceted Cognitive Remediation Program on Cognitive Abilities in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Kaunnil Anuchart , Permpoonputtana Kannika , Munkhetvit Peeraya , Chaiwong Pachpilai , Stav Wendy , Psillas Sarah , Thichanpiang Peeradech 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Cognitive remediation is an effective treatment for deficits in schizophrenia. A multifaceted cognitive remediation programme (MCRP) including relaxation, orientation, attention, memory, executive function, and social participation may promote cognitive function. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MCRP on cognition and the experiences of patients with schizophrenia.
Methods
Using mixed methods, a randomized controlled trial was implemented. The experimental group (n = 10) underwent MCRP for 12 sessions (3 days/week for 4 weeks) and conventional occupational therapy (OT), while the control group (n = 10) only received conventional OT. The dynamic Lowenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment (DLOTCA) was used to evaluate the outcomes. A Mann–Whitney U test was used to calculate group differences. MCRP group demonstrated better outcomes in the orientation (p = 0.005) and verbal mathematic questions (p = 0.003) compared to the control group. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the before and after outcomes within the same groups.
Results
The MCRP group showed significant differences in orientation, visual perception, visuomotor construction, and thinking (p ≤ 0.05), while the control group only exhibited significant differences in visual perception (p ≤ 0.05). In the phenomenological study, nine participants in the MCRP group were interviewed through semistructured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Five themes emerged: (1) understanding insight into activities and rehabilitation; (2) interest in and satisfaction with performing activities; (3) level of performance when performing activities; (4) management skills suitable for one's context; and (5) engagement in activities with others.
Conclusion
This study could provide information on implementing combined intervention-incorporated occupational therapy to improve cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, TCTR20190123002, Registered January 23, 2019
Digital risk calculator for early surgical outcomes in patients undergoing major surgeries – a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sliwinski Svenja , Faqar-Uz-Zaman Sara Fatima , Heil Jan , Mohr Lisa , Detemble Charlotte , Dreilich Julia , Zmuc Dora , Bechstein Wolf O. , Becker Sven , Chun Felix , Derwich Wojciech , Schreiner Waldemar , Solbach Christine , Fleckenstein Johannes , Filmann Natalie , Schnitzbauer Andreas A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Surgery puts patients at relevant risk for complications. Knowing a patient's risk helps to identify modifiable and unmodifiable factors to weigh the benefit of surgery against the risk of harm. A structured data analysis with validated tools will increase the reliability of risk assessment. Digitized solutions may add additional value. The Protego Maxima trial evaluated a health app for structured risk assessment before major surgeries and utilizing. The hypothesis was that the structured assessment is predictive of short-term surgical quality.
Methods: Patients undergoing major surgery were risk-scored with the software (The Prehab App), and the scores were correlated with 90-day outcomes (survival, Clavien-Dindo (CD) 1-5 (all complications), and CD 3-5 (major complications)).
Results: The study included 267 patients. Mean age was 62.1 ± 12.4 years, the risk analysis index (RAI)-score was 21.5 ± 9.7, the timed up and go (TUG) was 7.7 ± 2.3 seconds, 89 patients (33%) were anemic, and 238 patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of 0 (89.1%), 23 of 1 (8.6%), 6 of 2 or 3 (2.3%) which defined the risk groups (low risk: 156 (58.4%), high risk: 111 (41.6%). Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) showed a highly significant potential of the risk score in its prediction of mortality for the high-risk group (Area Under the Curve Receiver Operator Characteristics: AUROC = 0.842) and for the low-risk group (AUROC = 0,990) with difference in AUROCs of -0.149 (95% CI: -0.263; -0.034; p=0.01). The 90-day mortality was 2.2%. Complication rates were 59.9%; major complication rates were 22.5%. Risk groups (high vs. low) showed significant differences for 90-day survival (99.4% vs. 95.5%; p=0.04) and major complications (16.4% vs. 32.4%; p<0.001).
Conclusion: The risk assessment with The Prehab App is a viable method to identify risk factors for mortality before major surgeries. The specific validated scoring tools deliver robust and reliable data.
Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesis using Mixture of Lactobacillus sp. and Bacillus sp. Growth and their Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Al-asbahi Morad G. S. S. , Al-Ofiry Bashir Ahmed , Al-Dubai Fuad Ahmed , Alnehia Adnan , Al-Gunaid Murad Q. A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Biosynthesis of nanoparticles is characterized by ease, low cost, and speed as it is considered environmentally friendly. Recently, the employ of bacteria in the bioformation of nanoparticles has increased. In this study, AgNPs were created by the mixture of Lactobacillus sp. and Bacillus sp. growth and evaluated the biological activities of AgNPs against multidrug resistant bacteria. Bacillus sp was isolated from soil samples while Lactobacillus sp was isolated from raw milk in Dhamar Governorate – Yemen. The AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible, XRD, FTIR, and TEM. The antibacterial activities of the AgNPs were examined according to the modified Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. The antibacterial assay was used against multidrugs resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results indicate that the use of a mixture of bacteria in biosynthesis was faster and more effective than the use of a single bacterium. We observed abroad peaks located between 410 and 430 nm for the silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by bacteria due to its surface plasmon resonance absorption band. Nine peaks were detected on the XRD at 2θ values of 27.87 º , 32.32 º , 38.23 º
, 44.44 º , 46.22º, 54.8 º , 57.34 º , 64.63 º and 77.39, which correlate to reflection of (111), (200), (220) and (311) respectively by XRD. FTIR results have proven the presence of a capping protein in silver nanoparticles from growth bacteria, which can be responsible for the synthesis and stability of AgNPs. TEM micrograph showed the size of the silver nanoparticles is between 4.65 – 22.8 nm and have spherical shape. In our study, the antibacterial activity of AgNPs synthesized by bacteria was higher against Staphylococcus aureus than Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AgNPs synthesized by a mixture of Lactobacillus sp. and Bacillus sp. growth had greater antibacterial activity than silver nanoparticles synthesized by each bacterium separately. More studies are needed to synthesis nanoparticles by a mixture of different types of bacteria to produce nanoparticles better and faster.
A study of the central injection effects of chrysin on behavioural and intra hypothalamic gene expression levels of CRH and CGRP in male rats
Authors: Haghighat khadijeh , Mahmoudi Fariba , Khazali Homayoun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Chrysin is a natural flavonoid, and its several neuro-pharmacological effects have been demonstrated in brain areas related to anxiety. However, the intra-hypothalamic molecular mechanisms underlying the anxiolytic effects of chrysin are unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of chrysin on hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) gene expression in a rat model of stress. For present study, thirty male Wistar rats (200 ± 10 g) were divided into six groups. Acute restraint stress was induced in the animals for 2 hours. Intact or stress- induced rats received 20 or 40µg chrysin via the third cerebral ventricle respectively. Open field and forced swimming tests were performed to evaluate the stress-related behaviors. The hypothalamic samples were removed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) measured relative gene expression. Acute stress significantly increased anxiogenic behaviors, CRH, and CGRP mRNA levels compared to the control group. Chrysin significantly improved the forced swimming and open field test behavioral parameters compared to the stress group. The mRNA levels of CRH and CGRP significantly decreased in intact or stress- induced rats receiving chrysin compared to the control or stress groups. The inhibition of hypothalamic CRH neural circuits may be involved in the preventive effects of chrysin against acute stress.
Procalcitonin as an early predictive marker for infectious complications after hepatectomy
Authors: Mori Haruki , Maehira Hiromitsu , Nitta Nobuhito , Maekawa Takeru , Ishikawa Hajime , Takebayashi Katsushi , Kaida Sachiko , Miyake Toru , Tani Masaji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose: The present study aimed to determine the clinical value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels for predicting postoperative infections after hepatectomy.
Methods: The medical records of 301 consecutive patients who underwent a hepatectomy were retrospectively reviewed. We divided the patients into a postoperative infectious complication group and a no-infectious complication group. We investigated the changes in perioperative inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and PCT. Then, the associations between infectious complication and the perioperative inflammatory markers were evaluated to identify factors predictive of infectious complications after hepatectomy.
Results: Postoperative infectious complications occurred in 67 patients (22.3%). The area under the curve (AUC) using PCT on postoperative day (POD) 1 and 3 was 0.794 and 0.845, respectively, while CRP was 0.493 and 0.641, respectively. PCT had a better AUC than CRP in predicting postoperative infectious complications on POD 1 and 3 (p<0.001). A multivariate analysis indicated that PCT levels on POD 1 and 3 were independent predictors of infectious complications after hepatectomy (p= 0.048 and 0.013, respectively).
Conclusion: PCT is a better marker for predicting infectious complications than CRP. The PCT levels on POD 1 and 3 after hepatectomy are a valuable indicator of infectious complications.
Efficacy and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Injection in the Management of Chronic Symptomatic Anal Fissure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Thippeswamy Kumarswamy Maradi , Gruber Mei-yin , Abdelaziz Heba , Abdel-dayem Mahmoud 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: Perianal fissure is one of the most painful anal conditions. Various management options are available, including topical nitrites, calcium channel blockers, botulinum toxin injection, and sphincterotomy.Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of Botulinum Toxin A (BT) injection in the management of symptomatic chronic anal fissure by conducting a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis of published Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs)Methodology: Systematic search conducted using Embase and Medline search platforms, extending from January 1974 to September 2020. The search identified 264 published papers, of which 35 RCTs were identified. Meta-analysis was performed on the collected data with a random effects model using the Freeman-Tukey arcsine transformed proportions. A p-value less than 0.05 was deemed significant. The I2 test was used to test for heterogeneity.Results: A total of 1532 patients were included. Upon pooling of the data, 1117 patients out of 1532 (72.7%) demonstrated healing of the fissure after the first injection with BT (P < 0.001, I2 = 86.6%). Subgroup analysis was done based on the follow-up period in months. 9 studies reported that a second BT injection was needed in patients who did not respond after the initial injection. 29 out of 38 patients (78.5%) showed a response to the second injection (p < 0.001, I2 = 50.6%). Complications were observed in 88 out of 1532 patients (4.02%) with p < 0.001, I2 = 60.2%.Conclusion: BT injection for chronic symptomatic anal fissures is effective and safe with minor temporary complications. There is evidence to support offering a repeat injection for recurrent/ persistent symptoms.