bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Couples therapy at end of life
Authors: Mohr David C. , Moran Patricia J. , Kohn Carolynn , Hart Stacey , Armstrong Keith , Dias Rodrigo , Bergsland Emily , Folkman Susan 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis study reports on a preliminary uncontrolled study of a treatment for couples in which one partner is diagnosed with a terminal illness. In this study nine couples, in which one partner was diagnosed with a terminal illness and had less than 18 months to live, were offered eight sessions of couples therapy. Follow‐up data were available for six couples. Two patients died during treatment and a third patient moved out of the area prior to completing the follow‐up assessment. Significant decreases were seen in the patients' distress about dying and the frequency of partners' worry about their partner dying. Improvements were also seen in relationship quality. While the size of the study precludes generalizing these findings to a larger population, this study supports further exploration of couples therapy as a potentially useful adjunct to end of life care. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of aqueous Moringa seed extract as a seed treatment biofungicide for groundnuts
Authors: Donli Patricia O , Dauda Hassan 
Published: August 2003

AbstractIn a search for alternatives to currently used fungicides, the potential of aqueous Moringa seed extract (AMSE) as a seed treatment was evaluated. Seeds of groundnut, Arachis hypogea L cv Dakar, were soaked in AMSE at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g litre−1 for 24 h. Comparison was made with Apron Plus (metalaxyl + carboxin + furathiocarb), until recently a recommended seed‐treatment chemical, and distilled water, which was the medium for extraction of Moringa seeds. The results showed that AMSE has potential for use as a biofungicide on groundnut seeds, since all the concentrations used except 1 g litre−1 brought about significant reduction in the incidence of fungi on the seeds, such reduction increasing as the dosage of AMSE increased. There were no significant differences in control between the highest concentration of AMSE (20 g litre−1) and Apron Plus at the manufacturer's recommended level. Water also produced slight reductions in the incidence of fungi, although this was not significant at P = 0.05. The sensitivity to AMSE of the fungi tested varied, Mucor sp being the most sensitive and Aspergillus niger the least, with Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus flavus intermediate. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Modulation of sodium channels by the oxadiazine insecticide indoxacarb and its N‐decarbomethoxylated metabolite in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons
Authors: Tsurubuchi Yuji , Kono Yoshiaki 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe effects of the oxadiazine insecticide indoxacarb and its N‐decarbomethoxylated metabolite (DCJW) on tetrodotoxin‐resistant (TTX‐R) voltage‐gated sodium channels in rat dorsal ganglion neurons were studied using the whole‐cell patch clamp technique. Indoxacarb and DCJW suppressed the peak amplitude of action potentials, and DCJW exhibited a faster time course and higher potency than indoxacarb in the blocking effects. In voltage‐clamp experiments, indoxacarb and DCJW suppressed TTX‐R sodium currents in a time‐dependent manner without a steady‐state level of suppression. IC50 values for indoxacarb and DCJW on TTX‐R sodium currents were estimated to be 10.7 and 0.8 µM after 25 min of bath application, respectively. DCJW was about 10 times more potent than indoxacarb in blocking TTX‐R sodium currents. Although the suppressive effects of indoxacarb were partially reversible after washout with drug‐free external solution, no recovery of sodium current was observed in DCJW treated neurons after prolonged washout. In current–voltage relationships, both indoxacarb and DCJW blocked the sodium currents to the same degree in the entire range of membrane potentials. The sodium conductance–voltage curve was not shifted along the voltage axis by indoxacarb and DCJW at 10 µM. In contrast, the steady‐state inactivation curves were shifted in the hyperpolarizing direction by indoxacarb as well as by DCJW. Based on these results, it was concluded that indoxacarb and DCJW potently blocked the TTX‐R sodium channel in rat DRG neurons with hyperpolarizing shifts of the steady‐state inactivation curves, suggesting preferential association of the insecticides to the inactivated state of sodium channels. The small structural variation between indoxacarb and DCJW resulted in clear differences in potency for blocking sodium channels and reversibility after washout. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Degradation of the sulfonylurea herbicide LGC‐42153 in flooded soil
Authors: Kim Jin , Liu Kwang‐Hyeon , Kang Seung‐Hun , Koo Suk‐Jin , Kim Jeong‐Han 
Published: August 2003

AbstractLGC‐42153, 2‐fluoro‐1‐[3‐(4,6‐dimethoxypyrimidin‐2‐ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl)pyridin‐2‐yl]propyl methoxyacetate, is a new sulfonylurea herbicide for use in rice. Its breakdown and metabolism was studied in soil under flooded conditions using two radioactive tracer compounds labelled at either the propyl group or the pyrimidine ring. The half‐life of LGC‐42153 was approximately 3.0 days. The mass balance over 120 days ranged from 94.0 to 104.2% of applied radiocarbon, and no significant amount of volatiles or [14C]carbon dioxide were observed. Solvent non‐extractable radiocarbon reached about 11–14% of applied radiocarbon at 120 days after treatment. The major metabolic reaction was the cleavage of the carboxyl ester bond to give 1‐(4,6‐dimethoxypyrimidin‐2‐yl)‐3‐[2‐(1‐hydroxy‐2‐fluoropropyl)pyridine‐3‐sulfonyl]urea, which underwent hydrolysis of the sulfonylurea bridge giving 2‐(1‐hydroxy‐2‐fluoro)propyl‐3‐pyridinesulfonamide and 4,6‐dimethoxy‐2‐aminopyrimidine. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of new aliphatic and aromatic phytotoxic derivatives of 2α,4α‐dimethyl‐8‐oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct‐6‐en‐3‐one
Authors: Barbosa Luiz C de A , de Alvarenga Elson S , Demuner Antônio J , Figueiredo Remilson , da Silva Antônio A 
Published: August 2003

AbstractSeveral new compounds with potential herbicidal activity were synthesized from 2α,4α‐dimethyl‐6,7‐exo‐isopropylidenedioxy‐8‐oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan‐3‐one (4). Seven aromatic alcohols were prepared by reaction of (4) with aryllithium reagents, where the aryl groups were 4‐ethoxyphenyl (5, 70% yield), 4‐ethylphenyl (6, 82% yield), 4‐butylphenyl (7, 78% yield), 4‐tert‐butylphenyl (8, 81% yield), 2,4‐dimethoxyphenyl (9, 75% yield), 2‐ethylphenyl (10, 12% yield) and para‐(4‐bromophenoxy)phenyl (11, 24% yield). Reaction of the acetonide (4) with Grignard reagents formed also four aliphatic alcohols where the alkyl groups are ethyl (13, 78%), butyl (14, 85%), hexyl (15, 81%) and octyl (25, 92%). The alcohols (5), (6), (7), (8), (13), (14), (15) and (25) were reacted with thionyl chloride in pyridine, forming their respective alkenes (17, 76%), (18, 74%), (19, 83%), (20, 73%), (22, 78%), (26, 62%), (23, 77%) and (24, 66%). The effect of these compounds, at the concentration of 5.5 µg g−1, on the development of radicle and aerial parts of Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench, Euphorbia heterophylla L, Brachiaria decumbens and Desmodium tortuosum DC was evaluated. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Sensitivity analyses for four pesticide leaching models
Authors: Dubus Igor G , Brown Colin D , Beulke Sabine 
Published: August 2003

AbstractSensitivity analyses using a one‐at‐a‐time approach were carried out for leaching models which have been widely used for pesticide registration in Europe (PELMO, PRZM, PESTLA and MACRO). Four scenarios were considered for simulation of the leaching of two theoretical pesticides in a sandy loam and a clay loam soil, each with a broad distribution across Europe. Input parameters were varied within bounds reflecting their uncertainty and the influence of these variations on model predictions was investigated for accumulated percolation at 1‐m depth and pesticide loading in leachate. Predictions for the base‐case scenarios differed between chromatographic models and the preferential flow model MACRO for which large but transient pesticide losses were predicted in the clay loam. Volumes of percolated water predicted by the four models were affected by a small number of input parameters and to a small extent only, suggesting that meteorological variables will be the main drivers of water balance predictions. In contrast to percolation, predictions for pesticide loss were found to be sensitive to a large number of input parameters and to a much greater extent. Parameters which had the largest influence on the prediction of pesticide loss were generally those related to chemical sorption (Freundlich exponent nf and distribution coefficient Kf) and degradation (either degradation rates or DT50, QTEN value). Nevertheless, a significant influence of soil properties (field capacity, bulk density or parameters defining the boundary between flow domains in MACRO) was also noted in at least one scenario for all models. Large sensitivities were reported for all models, especially PELMO and PRZM, and sensitivity was greater where only limited leaching was simulated. Uncertainty should be addressed in risk assessment procedures for crop‐protection products. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
The discovery of dinotefuran: a novel neonicotinoid
Authors: Wakita Takeo , Kinoshita Katsutoshi , Yamada Eiichi , Yasui Naoko , Kawahara Nobuyuki , Naoi Atsuko , Nakaya Michihiko , Ebihara Koichi , Matsuno Hirozumi , Kodaka Kenji 
Published: August 2003

AbstractDinotefuran (MTI‐446: (RS)‐1‐methyl‐2‐nitro‐3‐(tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl)guanidine) is a new neonicotinoid commercialized by Mitsui Chemicals. Research led to this novel neonicotinoid by the removal of the chloropyridine or chlorothiazole ring that had been considered as indispensable for neonicotinoides. The research advanced as follows; (1) selection of acetylcholine for the lead compound, (2) recognition of the insecticidal advantages of 3‐methoxypropyl compounds, (3) synthesis of (±)‐tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl compounds by cyclization of the 3‐methoxypropyl moiety. It resulted in dinotefuran which has a (±)‐tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl moiety instead of a halogenated aromatic heterocyclic ring, and belongs to the third‐generation neonicotinoids (sub‐class: furanicotinyl compounds). Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Correlations of the electrophysiological activity of neonicotinoids with their binding and insecticidal activities
Authors: Nishiwaki Hisashi , Nakagawa Yoshiaki , Kuwamura Morihiko , Sato Kazuyuki , Akamatsu Miki , Matsuda Kazuhiko , Komai Koichiro , Miyagawa Hisashi 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe electrophysiological actions of various neonicotinoids, including substituted benzyl derivatives, against recombinant Drosophila SAD/chicken β2 hybrid nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) were measured to analyze the relationships between the in vivo (insecticidal) and in vitro (binding and agonist) activities. Most of the neonicotinoids tested were capable of inducing inward currents by activating the hybrid nAChRs expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, whereas some compounds had no agonist activity and only blocked the acetylcholine‐induced currents. Variations in the agonist activity were well correlated with those in the binding potency evaluated using [3H]imidacloprid as well as insecticidal activities. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
cis‐Jasmone treatment induces resistance in wheat plants against the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Bruce Toby JA , Martin Janet L , Pickett John A , Pye Barry J , Smart Lesley E , Wadhams Lester J 
Published: August 2003

Abstractcis‐Jasmone is a plant volatile known to have roles as an insect semiochemical and in inducing plant defence. It was evaluated in laboratory and field trials for control of cereal aphids. In an olfactometer bioassay cis‐jasmone was repellent to alatae of the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Moreover, wheat, Triticum aestivum (L), seedlings sprayed with formulated cis‐jasmone 24 h previously were less susceptible to attack by S avenae than control plants. In field simulator studies, significantly fewer alate S avenae settled on cis‐jasmone‐treated plants over a 24‐h period. In addition, the intrinsic rate of population increase, rm, of S avenae apterae was reduced on cis‐jasmone treated seedlings. In a series of small‐plot experiments conducted over four years, cis‐jasmone applications reduced cereal aphid populations infesting wheat in the field. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Model predictive control springer, Berlin, 1999, ISBN 3540762418, 280 pages
Authors: Camacho Eduardo F. , Bordons Carlos , Normey‐Rico Julio E. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis volume is a recent addition to the Camacho and Bordons' book ‘Model Predictive Control in the Process Industry’, edited by Springer Verlag. The book presents a complete review of the theory and applications of Model Predictive Control MPC, from the simple unconstrained SISO case to the more complex constrained MIMO situations. Special attention is given to the Generalized Predictive Controller that is one of the most known and cited MPC strategies. In all the chapters the results are illustrated with simulation examples and also with some experimental results that validated the controllers and tuning rules analyzed in the book. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Input‐to‐state stability with respect to inputs and their derivatives
Authors: Angeli David , Sontag Eduardo D. , Wang Yuan 
Published: August 2003

AbstractA new notion of input‐to‐state stability involving infinity norms of input derivatives up to a finite order k is introduced and characterized. An example shows that this notion of stability is indeed weaker than the usual ISS. Applications to the study of global asymptotic stability of cascaded non‐linear systems are discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decentralized nonlinear robust control of UAVs in close formation
Authors: Singh Sahjendra N. , Zhang Rong , Chandler Phil , Banda Siva 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis paper treats the design of a decentralized nonlinear robust control system for formation flying of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In close formation, it is assumed that vortex of any UAV affects the motion of all the UAVs behind it. The forces produced by these vortices are complex functions of relative position co‐ordinates of the UAVs. In this paper, these forces are treated as unknown functions, which cannot be parameterized. Since the system is not invertible in the wind axes system, a simplified co‐ordinate system obtained from the wind axes system for which the velocity roll (bank angle) is zero, is considered for the design of the control system. A nonlinear robust control system for the separation trajectory control of the wing aircraft in the simplified wind coordinate system is derived. Uncertain functions and unmeasured variables are estimated using a high‐gain observer for the synthesis of the control system. Each wing UAV synthesizes its control law using its own state variables and the relative position of the preceding UAV with respect to the wing UAV. Thus the control system is decentralized since each UAV has to communicate (depending on sensors for position measurement) with at most one (preceding) UAV, and no data transmission from the remaining vehicles is required. Simulation results for two UAVs are presented which show precise separation trajectory control of each wing UAV in spite of the presence of unknown and unstructured vortex forces, while the lead aircraft maneuvers. Furthermore, these results confirm that when the wing aircraft is positioned properly in the vortex of the lead aircraft, it experiences reduction in its required flight power. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phase II benchmark control problem for seismic response of cable‐stayed bridges
Authors: Caicedo J. M. , Dyke S. J. , Moon S. J. , Bergman L. A. , Turan G. , Hague S. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis paper presents the problem definition for the second generation of benchmark structural control problems for cable‐stayed bridges. The goal of this study is to provide a testbed for the development of strategies for the control of cable stayed‐bridges. Based on detailed drawings of the Bill Emerson Memorial Bridge, a three‐dimensional evaluation model has been developed to represent the complex behavior of the full‐scale benchmark bridge. Phase II considers more complex structural behavior than phase I, including multi‐support and transverse excitations. Evaluation criteria are presented for the design problem that are consistent with the goals of seismic response control of a cable‐stayed bridge. Control constraints are also provided to ensure that the benchmark results are representative of a control implementation on the physical structure. Each participant in this benchmark bridge control study is given the task of defining, evaluating and reporting on their proposed control strategies. Participants should also evaluate the robust stability and performance of their resulting designs through simulation with an evaluation model which includes additional mass due to snow loads. The problem and a sample control design have been made available in the form of a set of MATLAB equations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of pseudo‐negative stiffness control to the benchmark cable‐stayed bridge
Authors: Iemura Hirokazu , Pradono Mulyo Harris 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe effectiveness of a variable damper employing pseudo‐negative stiffness control on benchmark cable‐stayed bridges was studied. Combination of a pseudo‐negative stiffness hysteretic loop produced by the variable damper plus elastic stiffness of the deck‐tower connections produces a hysteretic loop that approaches rigid perfectly plastic force–deformation characteristics with a large damping ratio. The advantage is that sensors are required only at damper connections to measure relative displacements. Moreover, the small amount of sensors and simple algorithm reduce the source of errors and uncertainties. Comparisons are made between passive, pseudo‐negative stiffness, and active control for the phase II benchmark bridge. The results of pseudo‐negative stiffness control are significantly better than those of passive control and comparable to those of active control. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seafaring in the Pleistocene
Authors: Bednarik Robert G. 
Published: August 2003

Archaeological data from Wallacea (Indonesia) and elsewhere are summarized to show that the history of seafaring begins in the Early Pleistocene, and that this human capability eventually led to Middle Palaeolithic ocean crossings in the general region of Australia. To understand better the technological magnitude of these many maritime accomplishments, a series of replicative experiments are described, and the theoretical conditions of these experiments are examined. The proposition is advanced that hominid cognitive and cultural evolution during the Middle and early Late Pleistocene have been severely misjudged. The navigational feats of Pleistocene seafarers confirm the cultural evidence of sophistication available from the study of palaeoart.With comments from Mike Morwood, Michael Rowland, Matthew Spriggs, Iain Davidson, Ursula Mania, and G.A. Clark and followed by a reply from the author.
Cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus are associated with symptomatic periapical pathosis
Authors: Sabeti M. , Simon J. H. , Slots J. 
Published: August 2003

Background:  Recent studies have identified human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in symptomatic periapical lesions. Little information exists on HCMV and EBV in asymptomatic periapical lesions.Aim:  To compare the presence of late transcripts of HCMV, EBV and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in symptomatic and asymptomatic periapical lesions.Methods:  Periapical samples were collected from seven symptomatic and seven asymptomatic periapical lesions at the time of apicoectomy. HCMV, EBV and HSV late mRNAs were identified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results:  HCMV mRNA was detected in all seven symptomatic periapical lesions and in one asymptomatic lesion (Chi‐squared test, Yates’P‐value = 0.007). EBV mRNA was detected in six symptomatic lesions and in one asymptomatic lesion (P = 0.04). One asymptomatic lesion yielded HSV mRNA.Conclusions:  HCMV and EBV active infections are associated with acute exacerbation of apical periodontitis. HSV seems to be unimportant in periapical pathosis.
Two German CINCA (NOMID) patients with different clinical severity and response to anti‐inflammatory treatment
Authors: Rösen‐Wolff Angela , Quietzsch Jürgen , Schröder Heinz , Lehmann Romy , Gahr Manfred , Roesler Joachim 
Published: August 2003

Abstract:Chronic infantile neurologic, cutaneous, articular (CINCA) syndrome is characterized by fever, chronic meningitis, uveitis, sensorineural hearing loss, urticarial skin rash, and a deforming arthritis. In the CIAS1 gene of many but not all CINCA patients, disease‐associated mutations have been found recently. We here describe two such patients from Germany. One of them, a 3‐yr‐old boy, has a 1709A→G, Y570C, mutation, which has previously been described to cause CINCA syndrome. His clinical course is very severe and no satisfying response has been achieved even with high doses of local and systemic steroids. The other patient has a somewhat milder clinical course and considerable improvement could be accomplished with moderate and low doses of steroids. In her CIAS1 gene we have found a 1043C→T, T348M, mutation, which has only been detected in Muckle–Wells syndrome before. Our results suggest that the severity of symptoms in CINCA patients may be influenced by the underlying mutation in the CIAS1 gene. Furthermore, our observations support the view that CINCA syndrome and Muckle–Wells syndrome are essentially the same disease with different degrees of severity.
Both chromosome 13 abnormalities by metaphase cytogenetics and deletion of 13q by interphase FISH only are prognostically relevant in multiple myeloma
Authors: Kaufmann Hannes , Krömer Elisabeth , Nösslinger Thomas , Weltermann Ansgar , Ackermann Jutta , Reisner Regina , Bernhart Marianne , Drach Johannes 
Published: August 2003

Abstract:Objectives: Deletion of chromosome 13q [del(13q)] has emerged as a major adverse prognostic factor in multiple myeloma (MM). Del(13q) is detected two to three times more frequently by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) than by metaphase cytogenetics (CG). However, it has remained unclear whether or not del(13q) detected by FISH only provides the same prognostic information as its detection by CG.Methods: We investigated the outcome of 118 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed MM who were studied by both CG and FISH (RB‐1 and/or D13S319 probes).Results: CG revealed informative MM karyotypes in 35 patients (29.7%), with monosomy 13/del(13q) in 16 of them. FISH was indicative for a del(13q) in 43 patients (36.4%). A del(13q) by FISH was present in all 16 patients with monosomy 13/del(13q) by CG and also in four of 19 patients with informative karyotypes and diploid chromosome 13. Furthermore, del(13q) was present by FISH in 23 of 84 patients with diploid/non‐informative metaphases by CG. Overall survival of patients with monosomy 13/del(13q) by CG and of patients with del(13q) by FISH only was not significantly different (median, 35.2 months vs. 33.2 months, P = 0.58). In contrast, patients with diploid chromosome 13 by either technique experienced prolonged survival (median, 65.6 months). Presence of abnormal karyotypes was significantly associated with an increased Ki67 growth fraction.Conclusion: FISH of chromosome 13q adds prognostic information to that provided by CG. It is suggested to use FISH analysis in clinical trials if risk stratifications take into consideration the chromosome 13q status.