bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESTraS, an easy and simple tracking system for assessing rodent behavior
Authors: Morcuende A. , Femenía T. , Manzanares J. , Gasparyan A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Animal behavior analysis software has become an essential tool in the life sciences. However, the currently available tools have some significant shortcomings that limit their use by individuals without programming skills, access to higher informatics resources, or the capability to invest large sums of money. We have developed and validated an easy-to-use and straightforward tracking system named ESTraS to address this issue. This freeware software allows researchers to track and analyze rodent behaviors, offering additional options such as trajectory and angle analysis. Through ESTraS, researchers can utilize unsupervised clustering techniques, such as k-means or hierarchical clustering, to further explore the obtained results. This clustering enables the classification of results based on observed similarities among subjects. The data of this manuscript shows that ESTraS can prove to be extremely valuable, not only by providing essential behavioral analysis tools but also by offering specific data analysis options with just one click.
Rancang Bangun Game Edukasi Berbasis Android SMK Negeri 1 Suwawa Kelas X TKJ
Authors: Mania Nurpita Sukmaya , Latief Mukhlisulfatih , Muthia Muthia , Pakaya Jemmy A. , Olii Salahudin , Polin Muchlis , Rijal Bait Syaiful 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk merancang game edukasi guna membantu siswa memahami jenis, fungsi, dan penggunaan alat ukur jaringan, sehingga memudahkan mereka mengenal berbagai jenis alat ukur jaringan komputer dan telekomunikasi. Tujuan ini juga mendukung capaian pembelajaran dalam materi DTJKT dan kurikulum merdeka belajar, serta memberikan solusi dari masalah yang di alami guru dan siswa dalam proses belajar, sehingga pembelajaran menjadi lebih mudah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (RD) dengan model 4D (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate). Pada tahap penelitian, dilakukan pengumpulan data serta pengujian kelayakan dan kepraktisan game edukasi yang dibuat. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan mencakup Validasi Ahli Materi, Ahli Media, dan Respon Pengguna, yang telah melewati proses validasi oleh expert judgement. Validasi dilakukan dengan 2 ahli materi, 2 Ahli Media dan 26 Respon Siswa. Hasil validasi dari ahli materi memperoleh skor 96% yang dikategorikan “Sangat Layak” untuk digunakan dalam media. Selanjutnya, hasil validasi ahli media 92% yang berkategori “Sangat Layak” untuk digunakan dikelas. Kemudian hasil respon siswa memperoleh skor 94% yang dikategorikan “Sangat Praktis” untuk digunakan oleh siswa dalam belajar.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF PADA MATERI MEDIA DAN JARINGAN TELEKOMUNIKASI KELAS X TKJ
Authors: Potohu Rahmatika , Latief Mukhlisulfatih , Dwinanto Arif , Novian Dian , Dai Roviana H. , Ashari Sri Ayu , Suwandi Ihsanulfu’ad 
Published: February 2025

RAHMATIKA POTOHU. Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Pada Materi Media dan Jaringan Telekomunikasi Kelas X TKJ (dibimbing oleh Dr. Mukhlisulfatih Latief, S.Kom., MT dan Arif Dwinanto, S.SI, M.Pd, MCE). Materi Media dan Jaringan Telekomunikasi Kelas X TKJ masih kurangnya Media Pembelajaran interaktif, preferensi metode ceramah, kurangnya keterlibatan siswa, ketidakadaan inovasi dalam Pembelajaran dan kurangnya motivasi siswa. Di kelas X TKJ jarang mendapatkan media pembelajaran software ataupun Link yang mempermudah belajar mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis aplikasi Articulate Storyline pada materi "Media dan Jaringan Telekomunikasi" untuk siswa kelas X Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan (TKJ) di SMK Negeri 1 Kaidipang. Metode yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahap: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Media yang telah dikembangkan diuji dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas X TKJ, dan evaluasi dilakukan untuk menilai kelayakan media pembelajaran berdasarkan respon siswa dan guru. Hasil validasi dari ahli media dan materi menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran ini sangat layak digunakan dengan persentase kelayakan sebesar 86% dari ahli media dan 88% dari ahli materi. Sementara itu, hasil evaluasi dari siswa menunjukkan bahwa media ini sangat efektif dengan persentase kepuasan sebesar 89%. Dengan demikian, media pembelajaran interaktif ini dinilai mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan dan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi yang diajarkan.
Analisis Penilaian Kinerja UMKM Dengan Pendekatan Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Alipok Asitriani , Tuli Hartati , Taruh Victorson 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja UMKM di Kecamatan Kota Tengah Kota Gorontalo menggunakan Balanced Scorecard. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan kuesioner. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini yakni analisis deskriptif dengan mengacu pada indikator Balanced scorecard, dengan sampel 75 UMKM pada usaha Mikro yang ada di Kecamatan Kota Tengah kota Gorontalo. Hasil Penelitian dengan menggunakan Balanced Scorecard menunjukan skor dari kinerja pada usaha mikro Kecamatan Kota Tengah Kota Gorontalo dari perspektif keuangan berdasarkan rasio ekonomis UMKM di Kota Tengah Kota Gorontalo menunjukkan sebesar 41.33% tidak ekonomis. Rasio efektivitas menunjukkan 28% UMKM sangat efektif, dan rasion efisiensi menunjukkan 56% UMKM kurang efisien. UMKM yang tergolong tidak ekonomis perlu untuk memahami apa yang menjadi hambatan bagi keberhasilan mereka. Ini dapat mencakup evaluasi aspek keuangan, operasional, dan pemasaran. UMKM yang tidak ekonomis dapat memeriksa dan memperbaiki manajemen keuangan mereka, termasuk mengendalikan biaya, meningkatkan pengelolaan utang, dan memaksimalkan penerimaan.
Astronomaly Protege: Discovery through Human-machine Collaboration
Authors: Lochner Michelle , Rudnick Lawrence 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Modern telescopes generate catalogs of millions of objects with the potential for new scientific discoveries, but this is beyond what can be examined visually. Here we introduce ASTRONOMALY: PROTEGE, an extension of the general-purpose machine-learning-based active anomaly detection framework ASTRONOMALY. PROTEGE is designed to provide well-selected recommendations for visual inspection, based on a small amount of optimized human labeling. The resulting sample contains rare or unusual sources that are simultaneously as diverse as the human trainer chooses and of scientific interest to them. We train PROTEGE on images from the MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey, leveraging the self-supervised deep learning algorithm Bootstrap Your Own Latent to find a low-dimensional representation of the radio galaxy cutouts. By operating in this feature space, PROTEGE is able to recommend interesting sources with completely different morphologies in image space to those it has been trained on. This provides important advantages over similarity searches, which can only find more examples of known sources, or blind anomaly detection, which selects unusual but not necessarily scientifically interesting sources. Using an evaluation subset, we show that, with minimal training, PROTEGE provides excellent recommendations and find that it is even able to recommend sources that the authors missed. We briefly highlight some of PROTEGE's top recommendations, which include X- and circular-shaped sources, filamentary structures, and one-sided structures. These results illustrate the power of an optimized human-machine collaboration, such as PROTEGE, to make unexpected discoveries in samples beyond human-accessible scales.
Gaia-4b and 5b: Radial Velocity Confirmation of Gaia Astrometric Orbital Solutions Reveal a Massive Planet and a Brown Dwarf Orbiting Low-mass Stars
Authors: Stefánsson Gudmundur , Mahadevan Suvrath , Winn Joshua N. , Marcussen Marcus L. , Kanodia Shubham , Albrecht Simon , Fitzmaurice Evan , Mikulskytė Onė , Cañas Caleb I. , Espinoza-Retamal Juan I. , Zwart Yiri , Krolikowski Daniel M. , Hotnisky Andrew , Robertson Paul , Alvarado-Montes Jaime A. , Bender Chad F. , Blake Cullen H. , Callingham J. R. , Cochran William D. , Delamer Megan , Diddams Scott A. , Dong Jiayin , Fernandes Rachel B. , Giovinazzi Mark R. , Halverson Samuel , Libby-Roberts Jessica , Logsdon Sarah E. , McElwain Michael W. , Ninan Joe P. , Rajagopal Jayadev , Reji Varghese , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Wright Jason T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Gaia astrometry of nearby stars is precise enough to detect the tiny displacements induced by substellar companions, but radial velocity (RV) data are needed for definitive confirmation. Here we present RV follow-up observations of 28 M and K stars with candidate astrometric substellar companions, which led to the confirmation of two systems, Gaia-4b and Gaia-5b, identification of five systems that are single lined but require additional data to confirm as substellar companions, and the refutation of 21 systems as stellar binaries. Gaia-4b is a massive planet (M = 11.8 ± 0.7 M
J) in a P = 571.3 ± 1.4 day orbit with a projected semimajor axis a
0 = 0.312 ± 0.040 mas orbiting a 0.644 ± 0.02M
⊙ star. Gaia-5b is a brown dwarf (M = 20.9 ± 0.5M
J) in a P = 358.62 ± 0.20 days eccentric e = 0.6423 ± 0.0026 orbit with a projected angular semimajor axis of a
0 = 0.947 ± 0.038 mas around a 0.34 ± 0.03M
⊙ star. Gaia-4b is one of the first exoplanets discovered via the astrometric technique, and is one of the most massive planets known to orbit a low-mass star.
TransformerPayne: Enhancing Spectral Emulation Accuracy and Data Efficiency by Capturing Long-range Correlations
Authors: Różański Tomasz , Ting Yuan-Sen , Jabłońska Maja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Stellar spectra emulators often rely on large grids and tend to reach a plateau in emulation accuracy, leading to significant systematic errors when inferring stellar properties. Our study explores the use of Transformer models to capture long-range information in spectra, comparing their performance to the Payne emulator (a fully connected multilayer perceptron), an expanded version of The Payne, and a convolutional-based emulator. We tested these models on synthetic spectral grids, evaluating their performance by analyzing emulation residuals and assessing the quality of spectral parameter inference. The newly introduced TransformerPayne emulator outperformed all other tested models, achieving a mean absolute error (MAE) of approximately 0.15% when trained on the full grid. The most significant improvements were observed in grids containing between 1000 and 10,000 spectra, with TransformerPayne showing 2–5 times better performance than the scaled-up version of The Payne. Additionally, TransformerPayne demonstrated superior fine-tuning capabilities, allowing for pretraining on one spectral model grid before transferring to another. This fine-tuning approach enabled up to a 10-fold reduction in training grid size compared to models trained from scratch. Analysis of TransformerPayne's attention maps revealed that they encode interpretable features common across many spectral lines of chosen elements. While scaling up The Payne to a larger network reduced its MAE from 1.2% to 0.3% when trained on the full data set, TransformerPayne consistently achieved the lowest MAE across all tests. The inductive biases of the TransformerPayne emulator enhance accuracy, data efficiency, and interpretability for spectral emulation compared to existing methods.
Sporadic Dips from Extended Debris Transiting the Metal-rich White Dwarf SBSS 1232+563
Authors: Hermes J. J. , Guidry Joseph A. , Vanderbosch Zachary P. , Badenas-Agusti Mariona , Xu 许 Siyi 偲艺 , Kao Malia L. , Rodriguez Antonio C. , Hawkins Keith 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present the discovery of deep but sporadic transits in the flux of SBSS 1232+563, a metal-rich white dwarf polluted by disrupted exoplanetary debris. Nearly 25 yr of photometry from multiple sky surveys reveal evidence of occasional dimming of the white dwarf, most notably evident in an 8 month long event in 2023 that caused a >40% drop in flux from the star. In-transit follow-up shows additional short-timescale (minutes- to hours-long) dimming events. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry suggests a coherent 14.842 hr signal that could represent the dominant orbital period of debris. Six low-resolution spectra collected at various transit depths over two decades show no evidence of significant changes in the observed elemental abundances. SBSS 1232+563 demonstrates that debris transits around white dwarfs can be sporadic, with many years of inactivity before large-amplitude dimming events.
Crater Dimensions on the Dwarf Planets
Authors: Bray Veronica J. , Zeilnhofer Michael F. , Robbins S. J. , Schenk P. M. , Singer Kelsi M. , White O. L. , Stern S. A. , Benecchi S. D. , Durfey K. A. , Weaver H. A. , Olkin C. B. , Spencer J. R. ,   the New Horizons Geology and Geophysics Investigation Team
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The icy dwarf planets of Pluto, Charon, and Ceres provide important geologic comparisons for each other as they possess similar gravities and experience impacts of similar velocities compared to larger planets and moons. Differences in their impact craters can therefore be attributed to differences in the impactor and/or target compositions. Craters on Ceres show taller rims than craters on Charon, but comparable internal crater dimensions (depth, wall slope, and peak size). It is possible that the non-ice component of the Ceres crust provides additional strength to this outer portion of the crater, maintaining less rim collapse during the modification stage of crater formation, while the warmer central crater region is controlled by the weakness of the icy component. The spreads in depth-to-diameter ratio and wall-slope values for the Pluto data set are not clearly related to preservation state, suggesting that fresh craters on Pluto possess a large variance in these crater dimensions compared to Charon. This could be due to the geologically diverse terrains and depositional histories at different latitudes and longitudes of Pluto. These provide different target properties for each impact, so that even pristine impact craters on Pluto could display a wide range in depths and wall slopes based on the different strength of the target in each area.
The Privilege of Mobility in the Occupied Palestinian Territories: Moral Positions and Ambivalences of International Residents
Authors: Chaveneau Clio 
Published: February 2025

Since the mid-1990s, the geopolitical and economic dynamics of the Occupied Palestinian Territories have facilitated the influx of highly qualified young workers from Europe and North America, who come to reside, work, or study in major Palestinian cities for a limited duration. Benefiting from their respective passports, they enjoy unrestricted movement across the Israeli-Palestinian territory. This mobility holds significant symbolic value for Palestinians, as it grants access to recreational spaces, leisure activities, and enhanced international mobility. Drawing on a survey conducted over twenty-three months between 2010 and 2015 — comprising interviews (N=90) and participant observation in the West Bank —, this study examines the daily manifestations of mobility privilege in the Palestinian context and the varied stances adopted by the surveyed population. These different uses expose divisions and tensions between “internationals” and Palestinians.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Two Different Methods of Alleviating Pain and Anxiety during Local Anaesthesia Administration in Children: A Split-mouth Study
Authors: Jabeen Seema , Dixit Anshika , Khan Suleman Abbas , Navit Saumya , Agrawal Shaifali , Roy Rudrani 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two different methods, a custom-designed mucosal vibrator and topical benzocaine gel, in alleviating pain and anxiety during local anaesthesia (LA) administration in paediatric patients.

Materials and Methods:
A randomised, split-mouth controlled trial was conducted with 30 paediatric patients aged 5–10 years. Each child received LA with a custom-designed mucosal vibrator in one session and with topical benzocaine gel in another. Pain perception and anxiety were assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, Sound–Eye–Motor Scale and pulse rate measurements. The sequence of interventions was randomised using the sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelope technique.

Results:
The study found that the custom-designed mucosal vibrator significantly reduced pain perception compared to the benzocaine gel, as evidenced by both subjective and objective pain scores (P < 0.05). However, the two methods showed no significant difference in anxiety levels, as indicated by similar pulse rate changes (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
The custom-designed mucosal vibrator offers a cost-effective and efficient alternative to topical benzocaine for reducing pain during LA in children, though it does not significantly alter anxiety levels. This device could be a valuable tool for paediatric dental practitioners to improve the comfort of their patients during dental procedures.
Laparoscopic resection of a duplicated gall bladder: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhou Hai-Tao , Chu Jian-Feng , Zhou Jian-Chun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A duplicated gall bladder is a rare congenital biliary anomaly, with an incidence rate estimated between 1 in 4000–1 in 5000. It may present with no apparent symptoms or can manifest as biliary colic or symptoms related to pancreatitis. The Harlaftis classification system is widely used for categorising duplicated gall bladders: type I is the split primordial gallbladder, which includes the septated, V-shaped and Y-shaped varieties; type II is the accessory gall bladder type, encompassing the H-shaped or tubular and trabecular types and type III is the triplicated gall bladder type. Prophylactic surgical treatment is not recommended for asymptomatic duplicated gall bladders. However, for symptomatic cases, surgical resection remains the treatment of choice, and intraoperative cholangiography can help reduce the risk of bile duct injury. This article reports a case of a 59-year-old female patient in whom a duplicated gall bladder anomaly was not detected preoperatively but was found intraoperatively. The patient successfully underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and the post-operative pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of duplicated gall bladder anomaly.
Difficult Laryngoscopy Experienced by In-training Anesthesiologists in Apparently Normal Indian Surgical Population. How Much Does Optimal External Laryngeal Manipulation Help?
Authors: Devarakonda Bhargava V , Vadapalli Kiranmai , Yadav Rahul , Chaturvedi Ravindra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
The incidence of difficult laryngoscopy among in-training anesthesiologists remains unclear. In addition, the effectiveness of optimal external laryngeal manipulation (OELM) in enhancing the laryngoscopic view during elective intubations by these trainees has not been assessed.

Aim:
This study aimed to determine the incidence of difficult laryngoscopy, defined by the Cormack–Lehane grading system, and to evaluate the impact of OELM on the laryngoscopic view. Furthermore, the diagnostic accuracy of five difficult airway predictors (upper lip bite test, Mallampati classification, atlanto-occipital extension, thyromental distance, and interincisor gap) was examined.

Methodology:
This prospective observational study was conducted at a 1000-bed tertiary care hospital. Patients undergoing general anesthesia were included, except those requiring nasal intubation, laryngeal mask airways, ASA grades III–IV, faciomaxillary trauma, airway tumors, or emergency intubation. Operators were anesthesiologists with at least six months of training and 100 intubations. Preoperative airway assessments included the upper lip bite test (ULBT), Mallampati score, atlanto-occipital extension, thyromental distance, and interincisor gap. Laryngoscopy was performed after induction with thiopentone and vecuronium, with ventilation confirmed. The laryngeal view was graded per Cormack–Lehane criteria. Optimal external laryngeal manipulation (OELM) was applied if needed. A senior anesthesiologist supervised all procedures. With an estimated difficult laryngoscopy prevalence of 18%, the required sample was 1750; 1914 patients were included. Ethics approval was obtained, and the study was registered (CTRI/2016/01/006510). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v17 and WINPEPI v11.

Results:
Of 1914 laryngoscopic attempts, 18.7% were difficult (grades 3 and 4). OELM significantly reduced the incidence of difficult views to 4.44% (P < 0.001), with no failed intubations. The study concluded that in-training anesthesiologists encounter difficult laryngoscopic views in about one in five cases. However, the five airway predictors studied showed limited effectiveness as screening tools for difficult laryngoscopy, while OELM proved to be a valuable technique for improving laryngoscopic views during elective intubations.

Conclusions:
Almost one in five laryngoscopic views encountered by in-training anesthesiologists is difficult (Cormack–Lehane grade 3 or 4). The five different airway predictors studied found that these tests were poor for screening predicting difficult laryngoscopy. OELM is a “handy” technique to improve difficult laryngoscopic view during elective intubations.
Missed Diagnosis: Case of Strangulated Femoral Richter’s Hernia in an Elderly Woman
Authors: Ahangba Adamgbe Moses , Linus Ezejiofor Ugochukwu , Joshua Agbatse Iorwuese , Ndubuisi Ottah Onyedikachi , Prince Adeosun Adewale , Alexander Ale Femi , Mercy Isichei Wakili , Ayedima Misauno Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Femoral hernias are rare but can occur and sometimes present with strangulation because of the narrow opening in the femoral canal. They are commoner in elderly women, and sometimes the diagnosis could be missed. We managed the case of a 77-year-old woman who was said to have undergone a “repair of an inguinal hernia” at a private hospital where she presented with a strangulated groin swelling. However, symptoms of bowel obstruction persisted post-operatively, necessitating the referral to our facility. On presentation, she was resuscitated, and intra-operative findings revealed a strangulated Richter’s femoral hernia. A wedge resection and anastomosis was done and the hernia defect repaired. She improved well and was subsequently discharged. Thus, the finding of complicated groin swelling should heighten the suspicion of the attending surgeon for a femoral hernia and provoke a detailed clinical examination so as to prevent delay in diagnosis, provide prompt intervention, and improve clinical outcomes. This is important particularly in our setting where hernia repairs are the most common surgeries done, yet advanced imaging modalities are not always accessible for accurate pre-operative diagnosis.