bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partitions and elementary symmetric polynomials: an experimental approach
Authors: Ballantine Cristina , Beck George , Merca Mircea 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Given a partition

$$\lambda $$

λ

, we write

$$e_j(\lambda )$$

e
j

(
λ
)

for the

$$j^{\text {th}}$$

j
th

elementary symmetric polynomial

$$e_j$$

e
j

evaluated at the parts of

$$\lambda $$

λ

and

$$e_jp_A(n)$$

e
j

p
A

(
n
)

for the sum of

$$e_j(\lambda )$$

e
j

(
λ
)

as

$$\lambda $$

λ

ranges over the set of partitions of n with parts in A. For

$$e_jp_A(n)$$

e
j

p
A

(
n
)

, we prove analogs of the classical formula for the partition function,

$$p(n)=1/n \sum _{k=0}^{n-1}\sigma _1(n-k)p(k)$$

p

(
n
)

=
1
/
n

∑

k
=
0

n
-
1

σ
1

(
n
-
k
)

p

(
k
)

, where

$$\sigma _1$$

σ
1

is the sum of divisors function. We prove several congruences for

$$e_2p_4(n)$$

e
2

p
4

(
n
)

, the sum of

$$e_2$$

e
2

over the set of partitions of n into four parts. Define the function

$$\text {pre}_j(\lambda )$$

pre
j

(
λ
)

to be the multiset of monomials in

$$e_j(\lambda )$$

e
j

(
λ
)

, which is itself a partition. If

$${\mathcal {A}}$$

A

is a set of partitions, we define

$$\text {pre}_j({\mathcal {A}})$$

pre
j

(
A
)

to be the set of partitions

$$\text {pre}_j(\lambda )$$

pre
j

(
λ
)

as

$$\lambda $$

λ

ranges over

$${\mathcal {A}}$$

A

. If

$${\mathcal {P}}(n)$$

P
(
n
)

is the set of all partitions of n, we conjecture that the number of odd partitions in

$$\text {pre}_2({\mathcal {P}}(n))$$

pre
2

(
P

(
n
)

)

is at least the number of distinct partitions. We prove some results about

$$\text {pre}_2({\mathcal {B}}(n))$$

pre
2

(
B

(
n
)

)

, where

$${\mathcal {B}}(n)$$

B
(
n
)

is the set of binary partitions of n. We conclude with conjectures on the log-concavity of functions related to

$$e_jp(n)$$

e
j

p

(
n
)

, the sum of

$$e_j(\lambda )$$

e
j

(
λ
)

for all

$$\lambda \in {\mathcal {P}}(n)$$

λ
∈
P
(
n
)

.
Exploring the relationship between glycemic variability and muscle dysfunction in adults with diabetes: A systematic review
Authors: Lin Shanshan , Andrikopoulos Sof , Shi Yan-Chuan , Sibbritt David , Peng Wenbo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This review is to systematically explore the relationship between muscle dysfunction and diabetes in adults, and to examine the impact of glycemic variability on muscle health and the development of diabetes-related complications. The review was conducted using three databases: MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE, targeting peer-reviewed journal articles written in English and published from January 2014 to September 2024. The methodological quality assessment of the eligible studies was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists. A total of 17 studies were included. Most studies were undertaken in Asian countries (n = 11) and focused on adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 12). There were 8,392 adults with diabetes, and their mean age ranged from 52 to 75 years old. The measurements for muscle function and glycemic variability varied across studies. The research findings regarding the relationship between muscle dysfunction and glycemic variability metrics among adults with diabetes, both with and without complications were inconsistent. For adults with diabetes and sarcopenic obesity, poor glycemic control was identified as an independent risk factor for sarcopenic obesity. Additionally, all included studies were rated as moderate or high quality in relation to their methodology. In conclusion, this review underscores the complex and inconsistent relationship between glycemic variability and muscle dysfunction in older adults with diabetes. Poor glycemic management is a significant risk factor for sarcopenic obesity, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to improve glycemic control and muscle health in this population.
Examining Nurses’ Willingness to Facilitate Sexual Experiences in Dementia Nursing Care Using the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Waterschoot Karien , Roelofs Tineke S. M. , van Dam Arno , Luijkx Katrien G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Person-centered care emphasizes recognizing and affirming the whole person with dementia, including their need for sexual experiences. For nursing home residents, this often requires facilitation by nurses. Yet, it is unknown which factors contribute to or diminish nurses’ willingness to facilitate such experiences. A survey was completed by 253 (vocational) nurses from 25 Dutch nursing homes. The survey included a newly developed sexual facilitation questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior. Only one-third of the nurses were motivated to pre- and post-facilitate sexual experiences. Key predictors of the intention to facilitate were their attitude, social norms, and perceived controllability. Nurses’ confidence to include personal boundaries during care bolstered their attitude and perceived controllability. Additionally, nurses expressed interest in training and support options. The hesitancy among nurses to facilitate residents’ sexual expression was substantial. Supportive interventions that enhance nurses’ attitudes and capabilities seem essential for achieving a culture shift towards sexually inclusive person-centered care that also feels comfortable for the nurses themselves.
How to Recognize Artificial Mathematical Intelligence in Theorem Proving
Authors: Pantsar Markus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
One key question in the philosophy of artificial intelligence (AI) concerns how we can recognize artificial systems as intelligent. To make the general question more manageable, I focus on a particular type of AI, namely one that can prove mathematical theorems. The current generation of automated theorem provers are not understood to possess intelligence, but in my thought experiment an AI provides humanly interesting proofs of theorems and communicates them in human-like manner as scientific papers. I then ask what the criteria could be for recognizing such an AI as intelligent. I propose an approach in which the relevant criteria are based on the AI’s interaction within the mathematical community. Finally, I ask whether we can deny the intelligence of the AI in such a scenario based on reasons other than its (non-biological) material construction.
Management factors affecting milk yield, composition, and quality on smallholder dairy farms
Authors: Mukasafari Marie Anne , Mpatswenumugabo Jean Pierre , Ndahetuye Jean Baptiste , Wredle Ewa , Båge Renée 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A cross-sectional study on 156 smallholder dairy farms in Rwanda was carried out to assess the association between farm management practices and milk yield and quality. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data on cow characteristics and farm management practices. Milk yield was recorded at household level, milk composition was monitored using a Lactoscan device (Milk Analyzer). Somatic cell count (SCC) was determined using a DeLaval cell counter (DCC). A Delvotest SP-NT kit was used to determine antibiotic residues in raw milk. Most dairy cows were kept in zero-grazing system (84.6%) and most farmers had less experience of dairy production (78.2%). Mean daily milk yield was 3.9 L/cow and was associated with type of breed, milking frequency, stage of lactation, and parity. Mean milk content of protein, fat, lactose and solid non-fat, and density were normal and showed no association with different management practices. Based on SCC analyses, 65.8% of the milk samples with less than 300,000 cells/mL were graded as acceptable for delivery to a milk collection centre (MCC) and 12.9% of the samples tested positive for antibiotic residues. These findings suggest low milk yields on smallholder farms in Rwanda that are attributable to type of breed and prevalent high level mastitis, among other factors. The results also indicate possible non-compliance with withdrawal periods, resulting in antibiotic residues in milk, which has public health implications for consumers. Routine testing at MCC for both SCC and antibiotic residues is important for quality control.
Advancing plant protoplasts: innovative techniques and future prospects
Authors: Mukundan Nidhi S. , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu , Babu Vidhu Sankar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The agricultural industry is facing increased pressure due to climate change and a growing population. Crops must be fortified with genetic advantages that will allow them to survive the effects of climate change. Protoplasts, an experimental plant system with regenerative capabilities, is one of the anticipated new plant breeding technologies (NPBT). These isolated dedifferentiated plant cells have the potential to undergo cell division and regenerate into a complete plantlet. They can be fused, transformed, or edited, making them ideal models for investigating plant cell cycle, cell wall biogenesis, organogenesis, and totipotency. Protoplast-based systems present unique advantages and challenges in crop improvement. In this mini-review, we will explore the steps required for isolating and culturing protoplasts, as well as the potential and applications of an experimental plant-based protoplast system. Cutting-edge methods in protoplast isolation, encompassing enzymatic, mechanical, and high-throughput approaches, have streamlined the release of protoplasts from plant cells. These advancements are instrumental in expediting genetic modification processes, enabling the harnessing of plant cells for biotechnological applications. The integration of CRISPR/Cas9 technologies amplifies the precision and speed of genetic modifications, fostering a new era of tailored cells for bioproduction and space research.
On the expansion map of lattices
Authors: Panjarike Pallavi , Kuncham Syam Prasad , Nayak Aishwarya Neralakatte , Al-Tahan Madeleine , Sahoo Tapatee , Panackal Harikrishnan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
It is well known that the closure operator on a lattice is an extensive, isotone, and idempotent map. In this paper, we extend this concept by introducing the notion of an expansion map on lattices, which serves as a generalization of closure operators. The focus is to explore the properties of the collection of all expansion maps on a lattice, which forms a lattice. We delve into the discussion of their covering relation and present a comprehensive characterization of the atoms and dual atoms within the lattice obtained from these expansion maps.
Longterm efficacy of a patient focused intervention in patients with asplenia– a three year follow-up of the PrePPS trial
Authors: Camp Johannes , Heine Valerie , Bayrhuber Marianne , Anka Natascha , Glattacker Manuela , Farin-Glattacker Erik , Rieg Siegbert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to reassess the long-term impact of a Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)-informed intervention on guideline adherence among asplenic patients and their physicians, three years post-intervention.

Methods
This follow-up study was conducted within the framework of the interventional PrePSS (Prevention of Postsplenectomy Sepsis Score) study. Patients aged 18 or older with anatomical asplenia were in enrolled in a prospective controlled, two-armed historical control group design. The intervention group received tailored educational materials, medical alert cards, and a telephonic HAPA-based intervention. A telephonic follow-up assessment was conducted three years post-intervention, evaluating adherence to preventive measures using the PrePSS-score (range 0–10) and propensity-score based overlap weighting.

Results
Out of 106 patients who had received the intervention, 79 (75%) completed the three-year follow-up. The PrePSS-scores further increased compared to six months post-intervention (median of 8.08 points vs 7.60 points), with notable improvements in vaccination coverage and availability of emergency antibiotics. Only four participants reported severe infections requiring hospitalization, none of which were typical of post-splenectomy sepsis. 47/79 (59%) of participants contracted SARS-CoV2 but clinical courses were mild with only one patient needing hospital and ICU treatment.

Conclusions
Patients who had received our novel telephonic intervention exhibited significant and sustained improvement in adherence to guideline-based preventive measures at three years post intervention. HAPA-based interventions may yield more sustained effects than traditional nudging strategies.
Understanding Data & Analytics Maturity: A Systematic Review of Maturity Model Composition
Authors: Langer Benedict 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Leveraging data is becoming increasingly important for businesses. However, this transformation can be complex, as it requires a vast array of social and technical capabilities. To generate consensus in this domain, this study examines data & analytics maturity models by analyzing their architectures, maturity levels, and maturity domains. A systematic review based on the PRISMA framework identifies 38 maturity models and inductively derives insights into their composition. Three different content types are differentiated, namely organization-oriented, technology-oriented and data-oriented models. The initial findings provide a comprehensive overview of the status quo in data & analytics maturity models and provide a foundation for further research in this field. The study thus contributes towards enabling businesses to conduct more sophisticated data & analytics maturity assessments and support more effective use of data.
The role of agricultural ashes (rice husk ash, coffee husk ash, sugarcane bagasse ash, palm oil fuel ash) in cement production for sustainable development in Africa
Authors: Onsongo Susan K. , Olukuru John , Munyao Onesmus M. , Mwabonje Onesmus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is produced through energy-intensive processes and contributes to approximately 8% of global carbon dioxide emissions. As one of the most consumed materials after water, cement's environmental impact is substantial. Decarbonizing emissions in the intensive processes of cement production requires a sustainable supply of low-carbon resources. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of agricultural waste ashes as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) to reduce the carbon footprint of OPC. In Africa, where agricultural waste is abundant, these residues could offer a sustainable solution for cement manufacturing. This study employed a multi-criteria decision analysis methodology to identify and select relevant literature for analysis. The review reveals that incorporating agricultural-based SCMs, such as rice husk ash, coffee husk ash, sugarcane bagasse ash, and palm oil fuel ash, into cement production can significantly reduce clinker requirements, thereby lowering carbon dioxide emissions while maintaining performance standards of OPC. The review found that locally sourced waste materials can reduce the carbon footprint of cement by up to 40%. Transitioning from a clinker-dependent sector to a bio-based one presents several opportunities as well as challenges for the African cement industry, but it is critical for reducing carbon emissions and improving sustainability. This approach not only decreases emissions but also supports sustainable construction, aligning with global climate goals and sustainable development goals (SDGs) 12 (responsible consumption and production) and 13 (climate action). Adopting green cement could revolutionize the African cement industry, promoting resource efficiency and sustainable development across the continent.
Refining Pahñu’s stratigraphic sequence with AMS-radiocarbon dating
Authors: Farías-Pelayo Sabrina , Gómez-Ensastegui Kevin , López-Arias Karina , Solís Corina , Rodríguez-Ceja María , Alcántara-Chávez Luis Alberto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pahñu is an archaeological site belonging to the Xajay culture, which inhabited north-central Mesoamerica in 350–1000 AD. Human burials contained in three pairs of contiguous cists were discovered inside a ceremonial structure at Pahñu during excavations conducted between 2019 and 2022. The walls of the cists separated groups of skeletal remains, so the stratigraphic units containing them did not overlap. Stratigraphically speaking, the six groups of remains could have been contemporary and each of the cists could have been used during periods of different durations. Therefore, the analysis of excavation data could not produce a precise temporal sequence of the events that took place in the cists. However, radiocarbon dating by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) of representative samples of bones, teeth, and charcoal, allowed us to refine the temporal sequence of their placement in each cist and thus have a better understanding of the funerary practices of the Xajay.
ASPECTS OF THE VIRTUAL AND THE REAL: REPETITION, MEMORY AND THE INTEGRATION OF RECORDED SOUND IN MY RECENT MUSIC
Authors: Harrison Bryn 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article reflects on my subjective position in relation to the ways in which time passes in two recent works, Dead Time (2019) and Towards a slowing of the past (2023). I consider how each of these pieces relates to my interest in musical time and demonstrate how the inclusion of pre-recorded materials has allowed me to explore aspects of memory and repetition in new ways. A Deleuzian model of difference and repetition is considered and used to illustrate how becoming might be observed in the mind and body of the perceiver as much as in the materials themselves. I reflect on the complex relationship between the virtual and the real by examining differences in perception between performed events and pre-recorded versions of those same events that are incorporated into musical works as part of the real-time experience. I discuss the ways in which sampled material integrated within the performances of these works might evoke different temporal states, such as metaxis, in which we are simultaneously engaged with aspects of pastness and presentness.
A guidance to intelligent metamaterials and metamaterials intelligence
Authors: Qian Chao , Kaminer Ido , Chen Hongsheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The bidirectional interactions between metamaterials and artificial intelligence have recently attracted immense interest to motivate scientists to revisit respective communities, giving rise to the proliferation of intelligent metamaterials and metamaterials intelligence. Owning to the strong nonlinear fitting and generalization ability, artificial intelligence is poised to serve as a materials-savvy surrogate electromagnetic simulator and a high-speed computing nucleus that drives numerous self-driving metamaterial applications, such as invisibility cloak, imaging, detection, and wireless communication. In turn, metamaterials create a versatile electromagnetic manipulator for wave-based analogue computing to be complementary with conventional electronic computing. In this Review, we stand from a unified perspective to review the recent advancements in these two nascent fields. For intelligent metamaterials, we discuss how artificial intelligence, exemplified by deep learning, streamline the photonic design, foster independent working manner, and unearth latent physics. For metamaterials intelligence, we particularly unfold three canonical categories, i.e., wave-based neural network, mathematical operation, and logic operation, all of which directly execute computation, detection, and inference task in physical space. Finally, future challenges and perspectives are pinpointed, including data curation, knowledge migration, and imminent practice-oriented issues, with a great vision of ushering in the free management of entire electromagnetic space.
Engineering synthetic signaling receptors to enable erythropoietin-free erythropoiesis
Authors: Shah Aadit P. , Majeti Kiran R. , Ekman Freja K. , Selvaraj Sridhar , Sharma Devesh , Sinha Roshani , Soupene Eric , Chati Prathamesh , Luna Sofia E. , Charlesworth Carsten T. , McCreary Travis , Lesch Benjamin J. , Tran Tammy , Chu Simon N. , Porteus Matthew H. , Kyle Cromer M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Blood transfusion plays a vital role in modern medicine, but frequent shortages occur. Ex vivo manufacturing of red blood cells (RBCs) from universal donor cells offers a potential solution, yet the high cost of recombinant cytokines remains a barrier. Erythropoietin (EPO) signaling is crucial for RBC development, and EPO is among the most expensive media components. To address this challenge, we develop highly optimized small molecule-inducible synthetic EPO receptors (synEPORs) using design-build-test cycles and genome editing. By integrating synEPOR at the endogenous EPOR locus in O-negative induced pluripotent stem cells, we achieve equivalent erythroid differentiation, transcriptomic changes, and hemoglobin production using small molecules compared to EPO-supplemented cultures. This approach dramatically reduces culture media costs. Our strategy not only addresses RBC production challenges but also demonstrates how protein and genome engineering can introduce precisely regulated cellular behaviors, potentially improving scalable manufacturing of a wide range of clinically relevant cell types.
Gemistocytic tumor cells programmed for glial scarring characterize T cell confinement in IDH-mutant astrocytoma
Authors: van Hijfte Levi , Geurts Marjolein , de Heer Iris , Ghisai Santoesha A. , Balcioglu Hayri E. , Hoogstrate Youri , Vallentgoed Wies R. , Head Rania , Luning Rosa , van den Bosch Thierry , Westerman Bart , Wesseling Pieter , Joyce Johanna A. , French Pim , Debets Reno 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 mutant (IDHmt) astrocytoma is considered a T cell-deprived tumor, yet little is known regarding the phenotypes underlying T cell exclusion. Using bulk, single nucleus and spatial RNA and protein profiling, we demonstrate that a distinct spatial organization underlies T cell confinement to the perivascular space (T cell cuff) in IDHmt astrocytoma. T cell cuffs are uniquely characterized by a high abundance of gemistocytic tumor cells (GTC) in the surrounding stroma. Integrative analysis shows that GTC-high tumors are enriched for lymphocytes and tumor associated macrophages (TAM) and express immune cell migration and activation programs. Specifically, GTCs constitute a distinct sub-cluster of the astrocyte-like tumor cell state that co-localizes with immune reactive TAMs. Neighboring GTCs and TAMs express receptor-ligand pairs characteristic of reactive astrogliosis and glial scarring, such as SPP1/CD44 and IL-1β/IL1R1. Collectively, we reveal that T cell confinement in IDHmt astrocytomas associates with GTC-TAM networks that mimic glial scarring mechanisms.
Outside-in engineering of cadherin endocytosis using a conformation strengthening antibody
Authors: Xie Bin , Xu Shipeng , Sivasankar Sanjeevi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
P-cadherin, a crucial cell-cell adhesion protein which is overexpressed in numerous malignant cancers, is a popular target for drug delivery antibodies. However, molecular guidelines for engineering antibodies that can be internalized upon binding to P-cadherin are unknown. Here, we use a combination of biophysical, biochemical, and cell biological methods to demonstrate that trapping the P-cadherin extracellular region in an X-dimer adhesive conformation triggers cadherin endocytosis via an outside-in signaling mechanism. We show that the anti-cancer drug delivery monoclonal antibody CQY684, traps P-cadherin in an X-dimer conformation and strengthens this adhesive structure. Formation of stable X-dimers results in the phosphorylation of p120-catenin, a suppressor of cadherin endocytosis. This triggers the dissociation of p120-catenin from the X-dimer cytoplasmic region, which increases P-cadherin turnover and targets the cadherin-antibody complex to the lysosome. Our results establish an outside-in signaling mechanism that provides fundamental insights into how cells regulate adhesion and that can be exploited by anti-cadherin antibodies for intracellular drug delivery.