bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating production and engineering perspectives on the customer order decoupling point
Authors: Wikner Joakim , Rudberg Martin 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTraditionally the customer order decoupling point (CODP) has focused mainly on the separation of production performed on speculation from commitment to customer orders. Engineering has, with few exceptions in this context, simply been viewed as occurring before production activities in a sequential manner. As competition increases, customer requirements for short lead‐times in combination with customisations requires further integration of processes involving both engineering and production activities making the traditional view of the CODP insufficient in these cases. The purpose of this paper is thus to provide a more general approach to enterprise integration of cross‐functional processes in order to extend the applicability of the CODP as a logistics oriented concept.Design/methodology/approachWe use evolutionary approach to define the CODP as a two‐dimensional concept based on the integration of engineering and production.FindingsThe extended CODP captures the complexity in terms of possible configurations, but also provides a framework for the issues that must be handled when positioning the CODP in terms of both engineering and production simultaneously.Practical implicationsThe two‐dimensional CODP is an important extension to make the theory better reflect reality and hence increase the scope and acceptance of both the concept CODP per se, and the analysis based on the CODP.Originality/valueBy the introduction of a new two‐dimensional approach, a more comprehensive CODP typology is defined. We also provide a classification of customer order influence based on a combined engineering and production perspective where the efficient CODPs constitute a set providing the highest level of customer value in terms of engineering adaptations.
Supply chain flexibility and firm performance
Authors: Martínez Sánchez Angel , Pérez Pérez Manuela 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo explore the relationship between the dimensions of supply chain flexibility and firm performance in a sample of automotive suppliers.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical survey of a representative sample of 126 Spanish automotive suppliers during the months of September and October 2003. Data gathered through a mail survey to purchasing managers by using a structured questionnaire. Spearman correlation coefficients were used to analyse the relationship between the different supply chain flexibility dimensions, between supply chain flexibility dimensions and firm performance dimensions, and between supply chain flexibility dimensions and environmental uncertainty dimensions. A multivariate analysis studied the determinants of supply chain flexibility.FindingsThe research has found a positive relation between a superior performance in flexibility capabilities and firm performance, although flexibility dimensions are not equally important for firm performance. On the other hand, the results show that companies enhance more the basic flexibility capabilities (at the shop floor level) than aggregate flexibility capabilities (at the customer‐supplier level). However, aggregate flexibility capabilities are more positively related to firm performance than basic flexibility capabilities. Thus, companies might miss opportunities to improve competitiveness by underestimating customer‐supplier flexibility capabilities. Finally, the results indicate that flexibility capabilities are enhanced in supply chains with higher environmental uncertainty, technological complexity, and mutual understanding, but with lower interdependence among the agents involved in the supply chain.Research limitations/implicationsThere are other factors not included in the model that could impact the relationship between flexibility, supply chain characteristics and firm performance. On the other hand, the research has used cross‐sectional data, which are limited in order to explain causal relationships. Another limitation of the research is that we did not use any secondary data (like manual financial reports) to crosscheck firm performance.Practical implicationsThe results of the research contribute to a better understanding of the forces and constraints that companies face with flexibility capabilities.Originality/valueThe paper analyses the relationship between supply chain flexibility dimensions and firm performance. The model provides a framework of supply chain flexibility dimensions that may be used as a test base for further research.
Machine vision developments at IPOT 2005
Authors: Connolly Christine 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo draw attention to some recent developments in machine vision equipment.Design/methodology/approachPresents advances in light emitting diode (LED) lighting, cameras and software, and gives examples of new products and their capabilities.FindingsNew thermal management techniques allow LED lights to take over many machine vision illumination systems. Lights and cameras can be ruggedised to withstand wash down. Standard interfacing is being adopted for machine vision cameras.Originality/valueHighlights some new products which have applications including the food industry.
Photonic crystal development yields breakthrough in Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo describe a new substrate for use in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS).Design/methodology/approachNovel SERS substrates have been produced by the nanometre‐scale patterning of gold surfaces on silicon. This forms photonic crystals which tightly control the physics of the surface enhanced Raman amplification process, producing consistent SERS signals.FindingsIt has been shown that these substrates can increase significantly the sensitivity and reproducibility of SERS.Originality/valueThese substrates will allow SERS to be used in critical applications requiring high sensitivity detection of chemical compounds such as security, forensics, healthcare and environmental monitoring.
Unusual vision – machine vision applications at the NCEA
Authors: Billingsley John , Dunn Mark 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe paper draws together a range of somewhat unusual machine vision applications, with an integrating overview.Design/methodology/approachThe National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture is amassing a portfolio of projects involving machine vision. These include identification of animal species, visual counting of macadamia nuts, analysis of animal behaviour and a number of quality control functions. DirectX tools have been developed and are applicable across a wide range of applications, while theory is extended in several ways.FindingsMost of the projects are still in progress, but results are reported on the degree of success of a range of methods. Strategies and algorithms are discussed.Research limitations/implicationsVision‐based solutions are applied to a diversity of tasks. There will be a continuing stream of such problems with abundant opportunities for research.Practical implicationsThe projects are in essence practical, although they have inspired new methodologies. They are conducted in close collaboration with the industries involved and will be deemed to have failed if the outcome is not put to commercial use.Originality/valueThe paper draws together a portfolio of projects, allowing an analysis to be made of the features that unite and differentiate them. It will be of interest to both researchers and those with instrumentation problems.
On‐the‐go active remote sensing for efficient crop nitrogen management
Authors: Inman Daniel , Khosla Raj , Mayfield Ted 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo describe the function and use of the GreenSeeker™ active remote sensor used to detect crop nitrogen status.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the GreenSeeker active remote sensor and its use in irrigated maize production systems will be described. A brief discussion of the science of using remote sensing for studying plants is presented. Additionally, a summary of observations collected from field trials is presented.FindingsThe GreenSeeker active sensor has tremendous potential for accurately characterizing crop variability for site‐specific N rate determinations in the Western Great Plains region of the United States.Originality/valueThis paper discusses the GreenSeeker active sensor for detecting crop variability. Data from the GreenSeeker can be used to make site‐specific nitrogen fertilizer applications which may lead to improved nitrogen use efficiency.
Comparing electronic probes for volumetric water content of low‐density feathermoss
Authors: Overduin Pier P. , Yoshikawa Kenji , Kane Douglas L. , Harden Jennifer W. 
Published: July 2005

PurposeFeathermoss is ubiquitous in the boreal forest and across various land‐cover types of the arctic and subarctic. A variety of affordable commercial sensors for soil moisture content measurement have recently become available and are in use in such regions, often in conjunction with fire‐susceptibility or ecological studies. Few come supplied with calibrations suitable or suggested for soils high in organics. Aims to test seven of these sensors for use in feathermoss, seeking calibrations between sensor output and volumetric water content.Design/methodology/approachMeasurements from seven sensors installed in live, dead and burned feathermoss samples, drying in a controlled manner, were compared to moisture content measurements. Empirical calibrations of sensor output to water content were determined.FindingsAlmost all of the sensors tested were suitable for measuring the moss sample water content, and a unique calibration for each sensor for this material is presented. Differences in sensor design lead to changes in sensitivity as a function of volumetric water content, affecting the spatial averaging over the soil measurement volume.Research limitations/implicationsThe wide range of electromagnetic sensors available include frequency and time domain designs with variations in wave guide and sensor geometry, the location of sensor electronics and operating frequency.Practical implicationsThis study provides information for extending the use of electromagnetic sensors to feathermoss.Originality/valueA comparison of volumetric water content sensor mechanics and design is of general interest to researchers measuring soil water content. In particular, researchers working in wetlands, boreal forests and tundra regions will be able to apply these results.
The British Library: its origins, development and future
Authors: Brindley Lynne 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo summarise the development of the British Library and the role played by Maurice Line.Design/methodology/approachThe history of the British Library is described. The responses it is making to current changes in the audiences it serves and the environment in which it exists are analysed.FindingsThe nature of the scholarly communication process is changing but document supply will continue to play an important role.Practical implicationsContinuous innovation is vital today in order to meet the changing needs of users.Originality/valueKey developments in one of the world's outstanding national libraries are summarised by its chief executive.
Tilting at windmills: BLDSC and the UK higher education community
Authors: Law Derek 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo provide an overview of, the relationship between the British Library and higher education libraries in the 1990s, with particular relation to document supply. It also goes on to explore current developments in scholarly communication.Design/methodology/approachThe author played a role in several of the events described and uses the available literature to enlarge on a personal view of that decade.FindingsThe paper shows that the relationship was a strained one caused in part by a mismatch of resources, but is in any case dwarfed by the larger external forces and changing opportunities and technologies for scholarly communication.Originality/valueProvides a record of the period.
A practical line in bibliometrics
Authors: Meadows Jack 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to describe Maurice Line's continuing interest in bibliometrics and in its possible application to library problems since the 1970s. He has especially emphasized two strands. One is the concept of obsolescence and how it applies in practice. The other is citation studies of the social sciences, which tend to have been ignored in comparison with the sciences. He has particularly explored the limitations that need to be taken into account when trying to apply bibliometric ideas in practical contexts.Design/methodology/approachAn analysis of Line's publications on bibliometrics led to a selection of major themes in his writings. A subsequent study of the publications of others who wrote on this topic over the same period provided a framework for assessing his work.FindingsMaurice Line played an important role in the development of this area of bibliometrics, though he slightly modified some of his early ideas as time has passed.Originality/valueProvides a background to Maurice Line's interest in bibliometrics since the 1970s.
The evidence‐based academic library: Maurice Line and the Parry Report
Authors: Naylor Bernard 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo describe the part played by Maurice Line in the use of survey evidence and performance information in the management of academic libraries, commencing with the publication of the “Parry Report” in 1967.Design/methdology/approachThe Parry Committee found little practical evidence in 1963, and had to commission some work. Two studies carried out by Line at Southampton University were available, and this and other work by Line featured significantly in the committee's work. The emergence of Line as a major figure in the development of academic and research libraries, the further development of the use of an evidence‐based approach to the management of academic libraries, and the links between these two factors are outlined.FindingsThe advance of Line's professional career was accompanied by a substantial output of highly‐regarded professional writing, which incorporated original thought and an evidence‐based approach to a degree which was unusual for that time, especially from somebody in a relatively junior post. The paucity of similar work prior to 1970 is outlined and the development of the empirical approach, especially through the work of the newly‐founded Library Management Research Unit (LMRU) is described. The 1976 report of the Atkinson Committee is portrayed as confirming the importance of evidence for the future management of academic libraries.Originality/valueSketches the early stages of a career which has had a profound impact on the development of academic and research libraries since 1960.
The other side of Line
Authors: Dudley Edward 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo look at the pseudonymous writings of Maurice Line.Design/methodology/approachAppropriately humorous.FindingsProfessional humour in the UK is rare and deserves to be better bibliographed. Better bibliographing is one object of this short exploration of the other side of Line, this unveiling of pseudonyms and will provide, perhaps, a wider access to a rare resource.Practical implicationsBetter bibliographing of pseudonyms.Originality/valueHighlights issues of pseudonymity by a librarian well known himself for his humorous writing.
Firm competitive behavior as a determinant of CEO pay
Authors: Offstein Evan H. , Gnyawali Devi R. 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo provide insight, explanation, and empirical evidence into how and why CEOs get paid the amounts that they do.Design/methodology/approachThis paper blends several methodologies. Using qualitative interviews with several high level managers, it develops a coding listing to capture how pharmaceutical firms compete within their industry. The paper then uses a structured content analysis approach to capture the specific and observable competitive moves that pharmaceutical firms launch.FindingsBase pay and bonus of the CEO are greater for firms that launch higher volumes of competitive actions. Furthermore, the variety of competitive moves appears to influence a CEO's base salary.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has limited external validity since the firms in this sample are all large US pharmaceutical firms. The research implication is that, to date, firm size and past performance were identified as the single greatest predictors of CEO pay. Findings from this study suggest that how a firm behaves in a competitive context is as important as static characteristics of the firm (e.g. size) in predicting CEO pay levels.Practical implicationsFindings of this study begin to inform how directors may arrive at compensation decisions for CEOs. Since governance and CEO pay is becoming a more salient topic, this study suggests that directors can be trained or counseled on how to make more appropriate and refined decisions regarding CEO pay.Originality/valueThis paper employs a unique methodology to arrive at a question that is important, but under‐researched. Namely, we inform audiences who are concerned with how and why CEO's get paid what they do. Because CEO paychecks are a significant organizational expense, more research into how and why CEOs get paid a certain level is important theoretically and practically.
Towards a multidimensional competency‐based managerial performance framework
Authors: Cheng Mei‐I. , Dainty Andrew R.J. , Moore David R. 
Published: July 2005

PurposeTo report on the development of a new, more balanced approach to managing the performance of key employees in project‐based organizations.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the establishment of the role‐based criteria for performance excellence through focus groups and subsequent factor analysis, performance profiles of a range of superior and average performing managers were compiled. These were based on behavioural event interviews (BEIs) from which job, person and role‐based aspects were derived. The final performance model was validated through assessments with an expert panel of HRM specialists.FindingsThis research has developed and demonstrated the potential of a more holistic approach to managing performance which includes reference to the job requirements, personal behaviours and the role context. It was found to be particularly suitable to measuring managers' performance in dynamic team‐based environments.Research limitations/implicationsThe empirical work upon which the new performance framework is based was derived from a limited study within two construction organizations. Future work will explore the applicability of the approach within other organizations and industries.Practical implicationsApplying this framework to key HRM activities has the potential to improve the ways in which companies manage, develop and retain their key managerial resources. Notably, they should be able to engender a more participative, developmental approach to the HRM function, thereby helping to ensure sustained performance improvements in the future and improved resource usage effectiveness.Originality/valueThe paper presents the basis for a completely new performance management paradigm which embeds managerial competence/competency in a way which more accurately reflects the realities of managerial practice.
Pay diversity across work teams: doubly de‐motivating influences?
Authors: Carr Stuart C. , Hodgson Matthew R. , Vent Duncan H. , Purcell Ian P. 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of pay diversity between groups, for example, across competing workplace teams.Design/methodology/approachIn Study I, 60 future managers from Newcastle, Australia, were paid either $1 or $2 to work on an identical intrinsically motivating task, either on an individual basis or as members of pay‐diverse groups. In Study II, with 84 future managers in Darwin, Australia, the $1/$2 group pay dichotomy was made more realistic, by positioning the pay either at the bottom ($1) or top ($2) rungs of a pay ladder, or embedding it within a wider pay scale ($1 at a first, and $2 at the second tertile).FindingsIn Study I, between individually paid workers, both below‐ and above‐average payment were linked to low intrinsic motivation, whereas between groups, those in the higher pay bracket remained more motivated compared to their lower‐paid group counterparts. In Study II, when pay was polarised, intrinsic motivation was higher in the higher‐paid compared to lower‐paid groups; but when pay was embedded, this comparative advantage dissipated.Originality/valueTaken together, Studies I and II suggest that pay diversity across groups will de‐motivate both lower‐ and higher‐paid groups, except perhaps when a group tops the pay ladder.
Corporate reporting on the internet: some implications for the auditing profession
Authors: Khadaroo Iqbal 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe exponential growth in corporate reporting on the internet has created numerous opportunities and challenges for the accounting and auditing profession, and regulators. This study aims to examine internet reporting practices of companies in Malaysia for the purpose of exploring their auditing implications.Design/methodology/approachAn examination of the 100 Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange Composite Indexed (KLSE CI) companies in Malaysia in 2003 and 2004.FindingsAlthough there has been an increase in both the number of companies and the types of information provided on the internet, the quality of internet reporting information to users has little improved. This problem is compounded because auditors have little control over web contents and the changes that can be made to audited information. Further guidance to standardise the types of internet reporting information may help protect the interest of users, provide more certainty to what information needs to be audited and reduce audit risks.Practical implicationsThe hosting of audited information on an auditor's web site may provide auditors with better control, reduce audit risks and further improve the credibility and reliability of information to users.Originality/valueProvides information on the financial reporting and auditing challenges posed by internet reporting.
A measure of perceived auditor ERP systems expertise
Authors: Brazel Joseph F. 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop, assess, and provide uses for a measure of perceived enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems expertise for financial statement auditors. ERP systems are the dominant system used by the public company clients of audit firms. In such settings, the Theory of Planned Behavior suggests that auditor perceptions of their own ERP systems expertise should influence their perceived behavioral control and, in turn, explain auditor behavior.Design/methodology/approachA five‐item measure of perceived ERP systems expertise is developed from a review of audit expertise studies and the Theory of Planned Behavior.FindingsAn assessment of the measure shows that it possesses a high level of reliability and construct validity (i.e. convergent and discriminant validity). Factor analysis results indicate that all five items satisfactorily load on one factor. The results also suggest that auditors' perceptions of ERP systems expertise are not simply a by‐product of general audit experience (AUDEXP).Practical implicationsDiscusses possible future uses of the measure, including whether the measure explains auditor control testing performance and the customization of the measure for IT audit specialists and internal auditors.Originality/valueThis study's measure should provide researchers with a tool to examine how auditor self‐perceptions of ERP systems expertise can affect auditor behavior and the quality of contemporary audit services.