bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety, mindfulness and self-efficacy association among university healthcare specialties students in Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aldosary Ahmad , Aljohani Moath , Alghorayer Meshari , Albaqami Khalid , Alkhurayji Abdulrahman , Alharbi Awadh , Almutairi Sultan , Alharbi Khalid , Alhudaithi Hatim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Anxiety is a widely recognized topic in medical education. Previous studies have found that medical students experience higher levels of anxiety than other students. An increasing corpus of research indicates a major association between mindfulness and mental wellness.

Results
This study included 418 respondents, of whom 394 were included in the final sample. Most were female (55.3%), while male participants comprised 44.7%. The mean age of the population was 22.4 years. Our results showed only 7.2% of the participants in the sample were diagnosed with mental health disorders. Moreover, 26% of the study population had minimal anxiety, and the proportions of those with mild, moderate, and severe anxiety ranged from 20.3% for mild, to 22.7% for moderate, to 31.1% for severe. The most commonly observed severe symptoms were fear of the worst happening, nervousness, and inability to relax. The mean score on the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) was 27.7 (SD: 5.1) on a scale of 10–40. According to the short-form Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-15) evaluation of participants’ mindfulness, the average score was 41.6 (SD: 9.5) on a scale of 15–75. Gender, college attended, and presence of psychiatric diagnosis were the independent factors potentially influencing Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scores.

Conclusion
Our findings revealed the prevalence of anxiety and mindfulness among healthcare students at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. Weak correlations were found among the GSE, FFMQ-15, and BAI scores.
Measuring the antecedents of university students’ obsessive–compulsive buying behaviour of apparel: the mediating role of brand attachment
Authors: Gohar Nada A. , Magdi Dina M. , Abdullah Areej A. , Ghali Abanob Y. , Marzouk Omneya A. , Soliman Diana A. , Sheikh Samia Adly Hanna El 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research provides value to marketing researchers and professionals in regard to what triggers customers to purchase compulsively by studying the impact of materialism and self-congruence on the obsessive–compulsive buying behaviour (OCBB) of apparel by university students and the mediating role of brand attachment on these relationships. A total of 322 online questionnaires were gathered from university students who shop frequently. The PLS-SEM approach was used for data analysis using the SmartPLS V.3.3.3. software. The findings show that there is a relationship between Materialism, Brand attachment, self-congruence, and OCBB and that both self-congruence and materialism influence brand attachment. Finally, Brand attachment mediates both the relationship between Materialism and OCBB, as well as that between Self-congruence and OCBB. This is one of the first researches to study the mediating role of brand attachment on both relationships in one conceptual model and in an emerging market. The suggested implications include the launch of an awareness campaign on the negative consequences of OCBB on young adults, especially with the current economic conditions. In addition to implications for apparel brand managers on how they can utilize the established relationships to enhance their marketing plans which could increase long-term profitability.
Phenotypic plasticity plays an essential role in the confrontation between plants and herbivorous insects
Authors: Wang Xianzhong , Kang Jieyu , Wang Huizhong , Wang Shigui , Tang Bin , Lu Jiangjie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe interaction between insects and plants is a classic case of coevolution. During the arms race that has continued for 400 million years, the mutualistic (such as pollination and defense assistance) and antagonistic relationships gradually formed and complicated under the selection pressure from phytophagous insects. Thus, plants have developed diverse defense strategies, constantly balancing the relationship between defense and growth. At the same time, insects have evolved the ability to adapt to and resist plant defenses. Throughout this process, phenotypic plasticity has continuously helped both groups adapt to new environments and niches. Epigenetic changes play an important role in the formation of plastic phenotype. These changes allow parental defense traits to be passed on to the offspring, helping the offspring resist insect feeding. Epigenetic changes and genetic variation provide the basis for the formation of new phenotypes, and plants can form stable defense traits under long-term insect feeding pressure. In this review, we summarize the defense strategies of plants and the counter-defense strategies of insects, suggest that phenotypic plasticity plays an important role in this interaction, and discuss the role of epigenetics in the formation of plastic phenotypes.
Psychoeducation as an active ingredient for interventions for perinatal depression and anxiety in youth: a mixed-method systematic literature review and lived experience synthesis
Authors: Mhango Wezi , Crowter Lucie , Michelson Daniel , Gaysina Darya 
Published: December 2023

Background
Psychoeducation is a common element in psychological interventions for youth depression and anxiety, but evidence about its use with youth perinatally is limited.

Aims
This review aims to understand outcomes and mechanisms of psychoeducation for the indicated prevention and treatment of perinatal depression and anxiety in youth.

Method
For this review, we synthesised published quantitative and qualitative evidence. Seven databases (ASSIA, Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched for studies published before 10 August 2021. We also had consultations with a youth advisory group (N = 12).

Results
In total, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. Seven quantitative studies examined multicomponent interventions that included psychoeducation, and one study evaluated psychoeducation as a standalone intervention for postnatal depression. Multicomponent interventions showed significant effects on postnatal depression in two out of six studies, as well as being effective at reducing prenatal anxiety in one study. Standalone psychoeducation for postnatal depression was also effective in one study. Evidence from 12 qualitative studies, corroborated by commentaries from the youth advisory group, suggested that psychoeducation could increase knowledge about symptoms, generate awareness of relevant services and enhance coping.

Conclusions
Psychoeducation may be an important foundational ingredient of interventions for perinatal depression and, potentially, anxiety in adolescents and young adults through stimulating help-seeking and self-care.
Prediabetes and Associated Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Chronic Kidney Disease Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer in the St Jude Lifetime Cohort
Authors: Dixon Stephanie B. , Wang Fang , Lu Lu , Wilson Carmen L. , Green Daniel M. , Merchant Thomas E. , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Delaney Angela , Howell Rebecca M. , Jefferies John L. , Robison Leslie L. , Ness Kirsten K. , Hudson Melissa M. , Chemaitilly Wassim , Armstrong Gregory T. 
Published: December 2023

PURPOSELittle is known about the prevalence of prediabetes and associated risk of cardiovascular events and chronic kidney disease (CKD) with this reversable condition in survivors.METHODSPrevalence of prediabetes (fasting plasma glucose 100-125 mg/dL or hemoglobin A1c 5.7%-6.4%) and diabetes was clinically assessed in 3,529 adults ≥5 years from childhood cancer diagnosis and 448 controls stratified by age. Cox proportional hazards regression estimated progression from prediabetes to diabetes, and risk of future cardiac events, stroke, CKD, and death.RESULTSAmong survivors, median age 30 years (IQR, 18-65), and the prevalence of prediabetes was 29.2% (95% CI, 27.7 to 30.7) versus 18.1% (14.5 to 21.6) in controls and of diabetes was 6.5% (5.7 to 7.3) versus 4.7% (2.7 to 6.6). By age 40-49 years, more than half of the survivors had prediabetes (45.5%) or diabetes (14.0%). Among 695 survivors with prediabetes and longitudinal follow-up, 68 (10%; median follow-up, 5.1 years) progressed to diabetes. After adjustment for demographic factors and body composition, risk of progression was associated with radiation exposure to the pancreatic tail ≥10 Gy (hazard ratio [HR], 2.7 [95% CI, 1.1 to 6.8]) and total-body irradiation (4.4 [1.5 to 13.1]). Compared with survivors with normal glucose control, adjusting for relevant treatment exposures, those with prediabetes were at increased risk of future myocardial infarction (HR, 2.4 [95% CI, 1.2 to 4.8]) and CKD (2.9 [1.04 to 8.15]), while those with diabetes were also at increased risk of future cardiomyopathy (3.8 [1.4 to 10.5]) or stroke (3.4 [1.3 to 8.9]).CONCLUSIONPrediabetes is highly prevalent in adult survivors of childhood cancer and independently associated with an increased risk of future cardiovascular and kidney complications. Prediabetes, a modifiable risk factor among childhood cancer survivors, represents a new target for intervention that may prevent subsequent morbidity and mortality.
Stress-Induced Graves Disease: Spontaneous Recovery After Stress Relief
Authors: Willems Jeresa I A , van Twist Daan J L , Peeters Robin P , Mostard Guy J M , van Wijngaarden Roderick F A Tummers-de Lind 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Emotional stress is a precipitating factor for Graves disease (GD). However, the influence of stress relief on the course of GD is unknown. Here, we present a series of patients diagnosed with stress-induced GD in whom stress relief alone led to remission of GD.

Cases
We report on 11 patients in whom hyperthyroid symptoms started just after severe emotional stress. All patients had suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and elevated free thyroxine (FT4; 22.2–49.5 pmol/L) and TSH-receptor antibody (TRAb; 0.57–40 U/L) levels and were subsequently diagnosed with stress-induced GD. However, all patients declined antithyroid drug treatment. Surprisingly, clinical and biochemical remission was observed in 9 out of 11 patients after 1 to 3 and 2 to 7 months of self-reported stress relief, respectively. Five patients showed long-lasting remission (median follow-up 2.3 years). In 4 patients, remission was initially achieved, but GD relapsed 1 to 4 years afterwards. In 2 patients, treatment with antithyroid drugs was initiated because of rapidly increasing FT4 levels. Baseline FT4 and TRAb levels tended to be higher in patients who did not achieve remission. Furthermore, patients without long-lasting remission were more frequently known to have prior thyroid disease.

Conclusion
We report on a series of patients with stress-induced GD in whom stress relief alone led to remission of GD (thus without antithyroid drugs). This may indicate that clinicians could consider stopping antithyroid drug treatment or at least shortening the treatment period after stress relief in patients with stress-induced GD.
Impact on Anesthetic Agent Consumption After Autonomic Neural Blockade as Part of a Combined Anesthesia Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Daes Jorge , Pantoja Rafael , Luquetta Jorge , Luque Elika , Hanssen Andrés , Rocha Jose , Morrell David J. 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:
The intraoperative autonomic neural blockade (ANB) was found safe and effective in controlling pain and associated symptoms and reducing analgesic consumption after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). This study evaluated whether ANB performed at the outset of LSG reduces anesthetic consumption and promotes hemodynamic stability.

METHODS:
This prospective, double-blinded, randomized trial involved patients undergoing LSG in 2 high-volume institutions. Patients were randomized to receive ANB either at the onset or the end of the procedure. The primary outcome measure was the consumption of remifentanil and sevoflurane. Secondary outcomes included Aldrete scale score differences in the recovery room and hemodynamic stability during the surgery.

RESULTS:
In total, 80 patients (40 in the ANB at the onset group and 40 in the control group) were included for analysis. The consumption of remifentanil was significantly lower in the onset group compared to the control group (mean difference -0.04 mcg/kg/min, 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.06 to -0.02; P < .0001). There were no differences in the Aldrete scale scores between the 2 groups. Mean heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were also significantly less during surgery in the ANB at the onset group. No complications related to the ANB occurred.

CONCLUSIONS:
Performing ANB at the onset of LSG is a safe and effective approach that reduces remifentanil consumption and promotes hemodynamic stability during the procedure. This technique holds promise for optimizing anesthesia management in LSG and other minimally invasive surgeries.
Generalization Guarantees for Multi-Item Profit Maximization: Pricing, Auctions, and Randomized Mechanisms
Authors: Balcan Maria-Florina , Sandholm Tuomas , Vitercik Ellen 
Published: December 2023

Sample Complexity of Multi-Item Profit Maximization Historically, mechanism design has rested on the assumption that the seller knows the distribution over buyers’ values. In practice, a description of this distribution is typically unavailable. In “Generalization Guarantees for Multi-Item Profit Maximization: Pricing, Auctions, and Randomized Mechanisms,” we assume only sample access to this distribution. When using samples to optimize over a complex mechanism class—such as the set of all multi-item, multibuyer mechanisms—a mechanism may have high average profit over the samples, but low expected profit. This raises the question: How many samples are sufficient to ensure that a mechanism’s average profit is close to its expected profit? To answer this question, we uncover structure shared across many mechanisms: Profit is piecewise linear in the mechanism’s parameters for any set of buyers’ values. We prove new bounds for mechanism classes not yet studied in the sample-based mechanism design literature and match or improve over best-known guarantees for many classes.
Particulated autologous cartilage transplantation for the treatment of osteochondral lesion of the talus: can the lesion cartilage be recycled?
Authors: Shim Dong W. , Hong Hyunjoo , Lee Jin W. , Kim Bom S. 
Published: December 2023

AimsOsteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) are a common cause of disability and chronic ankle pain. Many operative treatment strategies have been introduced; however, they have their own disadvantages. Recently lesion repair using autologous cartilage chip has emerged therefore we investigated the efficacy of particulated autologous cartilage transplantation (PACT) in OLT.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 32 consecutive symptomatic patients with OLT who underwent PACT with minimum one-year follow-up. Standard preoperative radiography and MRI were performed for all patients. Follow-up second-look arthroscopy or MRI was performed with patient consent approximately one-year postoperatively. Magnetic resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score and International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grades were used to evaluate the quality of the regenerated cartilage. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the pain visual analogue scale (VAS), Foot Function Index (FFI), and Foot Ankle Outcome Scale (FAOS).ResultsAll patients had ICRS grade IV cartilage lesions, except for one (ICRS grade III). The paired MOCART scores significantly improved from 42.5 (SD 1.53) to 63.5 (SD 22.60) (p = 0.025) in ten patients. Seven patients agreed to undergo second-look arthroscopy; 5 patients had grade I (normal) ICRS scores and two patients had grade II (nearly normal) ICRS scores. VAS, FFI, and all subscales of FAOS were significantly improved postoperatively (p ≤ 0.003).ConclusionPACT significantly improved the clinical, radiological, and morphological outcomes of OLT. We consider this to be a safe and effective surgical method based on the short-term clinical results of this study.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(12):942–947.
Phytoplankton communities of reservoirs of the forest-steppe zone under conditions of technogenic load
Authors: Antsiferova G. A. , Rusova N. I. 
Published: December 2023

On the example of the rivers Oskolets and Chufichka, flowing into the river Oskol, the phytoplankton of small rivers of the forest-steppe zone of the Belgorod region, which are of technogenic origin, is considered. The taxonomic and ecological composition of communities of microalgae and cyanobacteria was studied in order to determine the ecological and biological state of surface waters of the Starooskol-Gubkinsky mining region of the Kursk magnetic anomaly. Everywhere in the waters of the watercourses under consideration, cyanobacteria species characteristic of polluted habitats, as well as species recognized as producers of cyanotoxins, are observed. Among them are Ostillatoria granulata Gardner, Ostillatoria guttalata van Goor and Ostillatoria putrida Ag., Ostillatoria splendida Grev. The quality class of the studied waters is defined as the III-rd «Satisfactory purity», and in some cases - as the II-nd, that is, the waters are «Clean». It has been established that the processes of water self-purification proceed intensively. However, the quality of waters determined by the Pantle-Bukk saprobity index in the modification of V. Sladechek within the limits of III and
II classes does not indicate their ecological well-being, since a number of species of cyanobacteria and diatoms show teratological changes, which are expressed in somewhat “blurred” outlines. their appearance. In addition, an abundance of mineral particles associated with the reduction activity of nitrogen bacteria is observed almost everywhere in the waters.
Presence of Portomesenteric Venous Gas and Pneumatosis Intestinalis in Nonocclusive Mesenteric Ischemia as a Complication of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy
Authors: Ozturk Nazli Begum , Kutlu Ayca Zeynep , Iliaz Raim 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
A 58-year-old man with a history of mechanical aortic valve replacement, on anticoagulation with warfarin, presented to the emergency department with hematochezia 1 day after undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. On presentation, he was found to have hemorrhagic shock. Fluid resuscitation, packed red blood cell transfusion, and empiric antibiotic therapy were initiated, and the patient was admitted to an intensive care unit. Abdominal-pelvic computed tomography demonstrated portomesenteric venous gas and pneumatosis intestinalis. Colonoscopy showed ischemic ulcers at the ascending colon and stigmata of recent bleeding at the site of biopsy in the rectum, which was treated endoscopically. The patient was discharged after continued improvement during hospitalization. On follow-up, the patient continued to be symptom-free, and a repeat colonoscopy demonstrated healing colonic ulcers.
Dynamic Elevation of Aromatic Amino Acids in Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Cirrhosis After a Standard Meal
Authors: Hill Kareen L. , Haddad James A. , Ali Rabab O. , Zhang Grace Y. , Quinn Gabriella M. , Townsend Elizabeth , Everson Gregory T. , Helmke Steve M. , Bagheri Mohammadhadi , Schoenfeld Megan , Yang Shanna , Koh Christopher , Levy Elliot B. , Kleiner David E. , Sacks David B. , Etzion Ohad , Heller Theo 
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Perturbations in aromatic (AAAs) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are seen in decompensated liver disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamic, postprandial relationship between hepatitis C virus-induced liver disease and amino acid concentrations in patients with compensated liver disease.

METHODS:
Patients infected with hepatitis C virus underwent a baseline liver biopsy to determine Ishak Fibrosis Score and evaluate the liver transcriptome. Patients ate a standard meal and underwent peripheral vein sampling at defined intervals. Quantitative analysis of amino acids was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

RESULTS:
At baseline, there was no difference in AAA and BCAA concentrations between patients with cirrhosis and non-cirrhotic patients. After a standard meal, AAAs, but not BCAAs, were elevated in patients with cirrhosis compared with non-cirrhotic patients at every time point. The HepQuant SHUNT fraction was significantly higher in patients with cirrhosis and positively correlated with AAA concentration at all time points, but not BCAA. Analysis of the hepatic transcriptome demonstrated greater downregulation of the AAA degradation pathways than the BCAA degradation pathways.

DISCUSSION:
At baseline, cirrhotic patients with compensated liver disease have adequate reserve liver function to metabolize AAAs and BCAAs. When faced with a metabolic stressor, such as a standard meal, patients with cirrhosis are less able to metabolize the increased load of AAAs. This impairment correlates with portosystemic shunting. Further evaluation of AAA levels in compensated liver disease might further the understanding of the liver-muscle axis and the role it may play in the development of sarcopenia in liver disease.
Research on She nationality clothing recognition based on color feature fusion with PSO-SVM
Authors: Ding Xiaojun , Li Tao , Chen Jingyu , Zou Fengyuan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although the color characteristics of She nationality clothing are slightly different, there are multiple similarities in shapes and textures. Therefore, it is difficult to effectively distinguish different branches of She nationality clothing. To address this problem, this article, taking into account color feature fusion, proposes a recognition method based on a hybrid algorithm of particle swarm optimization and support vector machine (PSO-SVM). First, the color histogram and color moment (CM) feature descriptors were extracted from the five branches of She nationality clothing, and the color feature distribution of each branch was obtained. Then, color feature fusion is performed through optimization and dimensionality reduction of principal components. Furthermore, PSO was introduced to independently optimize parameter combinations. Finally, the different branches of She nationality clothing were automatically recognized. The results demonstrated that the proposed method could effectively distinguish different branches of She nationality clothing. Compared with the recognition accuracy of approaches using single-color histogram and CM feature, the performance of our proposed method was increased by 5.25 and 6.44%, respectively. When the penalty parameter

γ

\gamma

and kernel parameter

δ

2

{\delta }^{2}

of SVM were 123.29 and 1.16, respectively, the recognition accuracy of the model was the highest, reaching 98.67%. The proposed method could be a reference for the subdivision recognition of She nationality clothing.