bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
US-guided percutaneous irrigation of extra-shoulder calcific tendinitis
Authors: Albano Domenico , Viglino Umberto , Messina Carmelo , Fusco Stefano , Gitto Salvatore , Lacelli Francesca , Sconfienza Luca Maria 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy (US-PICT) applied out of the shoulder, comparing its effectiveness to US-PICT of the rotator cuff.

Methods
Patients subjected to US-PICT for extra-shoulder calcific tendinitis (Case Group) were compared to those subjected to US-PICT of the rotator cuff (Control Group). We had pre-procedure Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score, 1- and 3-month VAS of patients of the Case Group, pre-procedure and 3-month VAS of patients of the Control Group.

Results
The Case Group consisted of 41 patients (27 women; mean age: 45 ± 9years): 26 gluteus medius, 5 patellar tendon, 3 rectus femoris, 2 gluteus maximus, 2 common extensor tendon, 1 extensor carpi radialis longus, 1 pes anserinus, and 1 peroneus longus. The Control Group included 41 patients (27 women; mean age: 47 ± 11 years). The mean pre-procedure VAS of the Case Group was 8.8 ± 0.7 with a significant (P &lt; .001) drop at 1 month (4.5 ± 0.6) and 3 months (3.6 ± 0.6). The mean pre-procedure VAS of the Control Group was 8 ± 1.4 and dropped to 3.1 ± 1.6 after 3 months (P &lt; .001). Post-treatment VAS at 3 months was not significantly different between two Groups (P = 0.134). Similarly, the decrease of VAS from baseline to 3 months was not significantly different between the two Groups (P = 0.264).

Conclusions
US-PICT is a safe and effective procedure that can be used out of the shoulder.

Advances in knowledge
This study demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of US-PICT as a valuable therapeutic option for extra-shoulder calcific tendinitis, with similar clinical outcome to the same procedure performed in the rotator cuff. The technique must be adapted in some deeply located calcifications by means of the use of different needles and by thoroughly planning the access point for the procedure.
Service and clinical impacts of reader bias in breast cancer screening: a retrospective study
Authors: de Vries Clarisse F , Staff Roger T , Dymiter Jaroslaw A , Boyle Moragh , Anderson Lesley A , Lip Gerald ,   the iCAIRD Radiology Collaboration, Black Corri , Murray Alison D. , Wilde Katie , Blackwood James D , Butterly Claire , Zurowski John , Eilbeck Jon , McSkimming Colin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To determine factors influencing reader agreement in breast screening and investigate the relationship between agreement level and patient outcomes.

Methods
Reader pair agreement for 83 265 sets of mammograms from the Scottish Breast Screening service (2015-2020) was evaluated using Cohen’s kappa statistic. Each mammography examination was read by two readers, per routine screening practice, with the second initially blinded but able to choose to view the first reader’s opinion. If the two readers disagreed, a third reader arbitrated. Variation in reader agreement was examined by: whether the reader acted as the first or second reader, reader experience, and recall, cancer detection and arbitration recall rate.

Results
Readers’ opinions varied by whether they acted as the first or second reader. Furthermore, reader 2 was more likely to agree with reader 1 if reader 1 was more experienced than they were, and less likely to agree if they themselves were more experienced than reader 1 (P &lt; .001). Agreement was not significantly associated with cancer detection rate, overall recall rate or arbitration recall rates (P &gt; .05). Lower agreement between readers led to a higher arbiter workload (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
In mammography screening, the second reader’s opinion is influenced by the first reader’s opinion, with the degree of influence dependent on the readers’ relative experience levels.

Advances in knowledge
While less-experienced readers relied on their more experienced reading partner, no adverse impact on service outcomes was observed. Allowing access to the first reader’s opinion may benefit newly qualified readers, but reduces independent evaluation, which may lower cancer detection rates.
Impact of CT and MRI in the diagnostic workup of malignant triton tumour—a monocentric analysis and review of the literature
Authors: Drews Marcel A , Milosevic Aleksandar , Hamacher Rainer , Grüneisen Johannes S , Haubold Johannes , Opitz Marcel K , Bauer Sebastian , Umutlu Lale , Forsting Michael , Schaarschmidt Benedikt M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Malignant triton tumours (MTTs) are rare but aggressive subtypes of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) with a high recurrence rate and 5-year survival of 14%. Systematic imaging data on MTTs are scarce and mainly based on single case reports. Therefore, we aimed to identify typical CT and MRI features to improve early diagnosis rates of this uncommon entity.

Methods
A systematic review on literature published until December 2022 on imaging characteristics of MTTs was performed. Based on that, we conducted a retrospective, monocentric analysis of patients with histopathologically proven MTTs from our department. Explorative data analysis was performed.

Results
Initially, 29 studies on 34 patients (31.42 ± 22.6 years, 12 female) were evaluated: Literature described primary MTTs as huge, lobulated tumours (108 ± 99.3 mm) with central necrosis (56% [19/34]), low T1w (81% [17/21]), high T2w signal (90% [19/21]) and inhomogeneous enhancement on MRI (54% [7/13]). Analysis of 16 patients (48.9 ± 13.8 years; 9 female) from our institution revealed comparable results: primary MTTs showed large, lobulated masses (118 mm ± 64.9) with necrotic areas (92% [11/12]). MRI revealed low T1w (100% [7/7]), high T2w signal (100% [7/7]) and inhomogeneous enhancement (86% [6/7]). Local recurrences and soft-tissue metastases mimicked these features, while nonsoft-tissue metastases appeared unspecific.

Conclusions
MTTs show characteristic features on CT and MRI. However, these do not allow a reliable differentiation between MTTs and other MPNSTs based on imaging alone. Therefore, additional histopathological analysis is required.

Advances in knowledge
This largest published systematic analysis on MTT imaging revealed typical but unspecific imaging features that do not allow a reliable, imaging-based differentiation between MTTs and other MPNSTs. Hence, additional histopathological analysis remains essential.
Deploying artificial intelligence software in an NHS trust: a how-to guide for clinicians
Authors: Blake Sarah R , Das Neelanjan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOver the past 10 years, artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the fastest-growing sectors in healthcare. There are now numerous new technologies designed to cut costs and improve diagnoses and treatment pathways. However, there is significant scepticism amongst National Health Service (NHS) staff regarding the usefulness of AI and it’s cost to the NHS. This has likely resulted in underuse and slow adoption of software that may revolutionize our healthcare system and ensure its continued survival and effectiveness. Several governing bodies have put forward guidance on the safe and effective adoption of AI tools, but this rarely covers the reality of selecting and deploying new software. This article set out clear guidance on the practicalities and pitfalls of deploying digital solutions in healthcare, using the example of a deep learning algorithm designed to improve the accuracy of chest X-ray (CXR) interpretation in the emergency department.
Is 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET recommended for small lung nodules? CT findings of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose non-avid lung cancer
Authors: Sugawara Haruto , Kikkawa Nao , Ito Kimiteru , Watanabe Hirokazu , Kaku Sawako , Akai Hiroyuki , Abe Osamu , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yatabe Yasushi , Kusumoto Masahiko 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To determine the image characteristics associated with low 18F-FDG (18F-fluorodeoxyglucose) avidity among 8-15 mm solid lung cancer.

Methods
Patients satisfying the following criteria were included: underwent surgery between January 2014 and December 2019 for lung cancer, presented 8-15 mm nodule without measurable ground glass component on preoperative CT, and underwent 18F-FDG PET before resection. Image characteristics, including air bronchogram, concave shape, pleural attachment, and background emphysema, were evaluated by two board-certified radiologists. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare maximum standardized uptake (SUVmax) values from 18F-FDG PET images.

Results
The analysis included 235 patients. The SUVmax values of lesions with air bronchogram and concave shape were significantly lower than the SUVmax values of lesions without these features (median: 1.55 vs 2.56 and 1.66 vs 2.45, both P &lt; .001), whereas lesions arising from emphysematous lungs had significantly higher SUVmax values than lesions arising from non-emphysematous lungs (2.90 vs 1.69, P &lt; .001). No significant differences were detected between lesions attached and not attached to pleura. The interobserver agreement was almost perfect for air bronchograms and background emphysema (κ = 0.882 and 0.927, respectively), and 89.7% of lesions with air bronchograms and arising from non-emphysematous lungs showed SUVmax values below 2.5.

Conclusions
Among 8-15 mm solid lung cancer, the presence of air bronchograms and concave shape and the absence of background emphysema were associated with low 18F-FDG accumulation.

Advances in knowledge
18F-FDG PET can be misleading in differentiating certain type of small solid lung cancer.
A spiculated mass target model for clinical image quality control in digital mammography
Authors: Salomon Elisabeth , Vanko Bence , Homolka Peter , Cockmartin Lesley , Figl Michael , Clauser Paola , Unger Ewald , Bosmans Hilde , Marshall Nicolas , Hummel Johann 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Quality assurance of breast imaging has a long history of using test objects to optimize and follow up imaging devices. In particular, the evaluation of new techniques benefits from suitable test objects. The applicability of a phantom consisting of spiculated masses to assess image quality and its dependence on dose in flat field digital mammography (FFDM) and digital breast tomosynthesis systems (DBT) is investigated.

Methods
Two spiculated masses in five different sizes each were created from a database of clinical tumour models. The masses were produced using 3D printing and embedded into a cuboid phantom. Image quality is determined by the number of spicules identified by human observers.

Results
The results suggest that the effect of dose on spicule detection is limited especially in cases with smaller objects and probably hidden by the inter-reader variability. Here, an average relative inter-reader variation of the counted number of 31% was found (maximum 83%). The mean relative intra-reader variability was found to be 17%. In DBT, sufficiently good results were obtained only for the largest masses.

Conclusions
It is possible to integrate spiculated masses into a cuboid phantom. It is easy to print and should allow a direct and prompt evaluation of the quality status of the device by counting visible spicules. Human readout presented the major uncertainty in this study, indicating that automated readout may improve the reproducibility and consistency of the results considerably.

Advances in knowledge
A cuboid phantom including clinical objects as spiculated lesion models for visual assessing the image quality in FFDM and DBT was developed and is introduced in this work. The evaluation of image quality works best with the two larger masses with 21 spicules.
Nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling between benzyl alcohols and alkenyl triflates assisted by titanium-mediated radical C–O bond cleavage
Authors: Suga Takuya , Kondo Miki , Takahashi Yuuki , Ukaji Yutaka 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A Ni-catalyzed radical cross-coupling reaction between benzyl alcohols and alkenyl triflates was discovered. A benzyl radical was generated directly from alcohols by using low-valent Ti-mediated alcohol C–O bond homolysis and was successfully utilized in a Ni-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. The addition of tetrabutylammonium iodide (n-Bu4NI) facilitated the reaction. n-Bu4NI was found to be instrumental in transforming alkenyl triflates into iodides, which are more reactive in the subsequent cross-coupling process.
Mechanochromic polymers based on radical-type dynamic covalent chemistry
Authors: Yamamoto Takumi , Takahashi Akira , Otsuka Hideyuki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Polymer mechanochemistry has emerged as a field of considerable interest from both an academic and an industrial perspective. Mechanochromic polymers that show optical change in response to mechanical stimuli can be used to visualize the mechanical force applied to the materials, which provides a wide range of information from the nano- to the macroscale, and also enables damage detection to prevent critical failure of the materials. We have explored a wide variety of radical-type dynamic covalent chemistry in the field of polymer reactions and revealed its great potential in developing mechanochromic materials. This account describes our recent efforts in the precise design of mechanochromic polymers based on radical-type dynamic covalent chemistry to impart polymeric materials with bespoke chromic properties, and discusses their characteristics derived from the radical chemistry as well as potential applications.
Charge transfer reaction at gas-liquid interface of aqueous tetrabutylammonium iodide solution: influence of ions on dynamical response of solvent
Authors: Karashima Shutaro , Suzuki Yoshi-Ichi , Yamamoto Yo-ichi , Suzuki Toshinori 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) is known to create an electric double layer at the air-water interface. In the present study, we investigated the charge-transfer-to-solvent reaction from iodide ions to liquid water near the gas-liquid interface of an aqueous TBAI solution using extreme UV (EUV) time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. Use of EUV radiation ensured accurate measurements of electron kinetic energy distributions by minimizing spectral distortions caused by electron inelastic scattering in the liquid and the influence of the electron transmission efficiency through the gas-liquid interface. The spectra observed for photodetached electrons exhibited a rapid energy shift and a variation of the bandwidth in subpicoseconds, and the rates of these changes clearly depended on the TBAI concentration. The results indicate that the dynamical response of solvent water changes in the presence of a high density of ions.
Materials chemistry for metal halide perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Nakamura Tomoya , Kondo Yoshio , Ohashi Noboru , Sakamoto Chihiro , Hasegawa Akio , Hu Shuaifeng , Truong Minh Anh , Murdey Richard , Kanemitsu Yoshihiko , Wakamiya Atsushi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Metal halide perovskite semiconductors are excellent materials for next-generation solar cells. As a result of research and development all over the world, the photoelectric conversion efficiency for single-cell devices has rapidly improved to over 26% (as of July 2023), while the record efficiency for silicon-on-perovskite tandem devices currently stands at 33.7% (reported in May 2023). Materials chemistry has made many important contributions toward these remarkable results. In this account, we will introduce our achievements in these areas of material chemistry research for improving the performance of perovskite photovoltaics, including the development of high-purity precursor materials, and precursor inks tailored for large-area printed perovskite films. Studies of the nucleation and crystallization process, including simulations, have led to the reliable fabrication of high-quality perovskite films. Diverse new charge collection materials, as well as compounds to effectively modify perovskite surfaces, have improved solar cell performance.
Dermoscopy in vitiligo, diagnostic clues and markers of disease activity: a review of the literature
Authors: Yang Yebin , Morriss Samuel , Rodrigues Michelle 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Dermoscopy is a noninvasive, efficient and inexpensive tool used to aid diagnosis of skin conditions such as vitiligo. Furthermore, it aids in tracking patient progress, treatment response and disease activity. Vitiligo can be diagnosed on dermoscopy by the presence of white structureless areas signifying hypopigmentation with a typical glowing appearance. Other typical features are perilesional and perifollicular hyperpigmentation, pigmentation networks and leucotrichia. In total, 15 studies were reviewed to determine the dermoscopic signs of the three main stages of disease activity: active, stable and repigmenting vitiligo. Features that differentiate active, stable and repigmenting vitiligo are reviewed and discussed in this article. Notably, there is a conflict in the literature between various dermoscopic features and which type of vitiligo they are truly indicative of. However, dermoscopy can be coupled with other clinical, biological and physiological markers to strengthen diagnostic accuracy.
Janus superwetting fabric for effective emulsion separation
Authors: Yang Zhejun , Liu Qian , Li Jing , Dong Ying , Yang Xiao-Yu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Superwetting membranes have superior advantages in the treatment of oil contaminated wastewater, especially when it is in an emulsified state. However, these types of membranes suffer from size-sieving limitations. Here, a Janus membrane was constructed by integration of superhydrophobic/underwater superoleophilic and superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic fabrics. Under gravity induced flow, water rapidly passes from the superhydrophobic to the superhydrophilic sides of this membrane while oil droplets are retained by the superwetting interface via an “attraction-aggregation-coalescence” process, realizing highly efficient emulsion separation.
Understanding of a Pt thin-film H2 sensor under working conditions using AP-XPS and XAFS
Authors: Toyoshima Ryo , Tanaka Takahisa , Kato Taro , Abe Hitoshi , Uchida Ken , Kondoh Hiroshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The operating principle of a Pt thin-film H2 gas sensor was investigated using a combination of surface sensitive ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and bulk sensitive X-ray absorption fine structure techniques, which provided chemical and structure information under working conditions, coupled with electric resistivity measurements. It is shown that the sensor response was in a linear relation with both coverages of H and O atoms on the Pt surface. Moreover, the bulk structure of Pt remains unchanged under H2­ exposure. These observations support that the resistivity change is associated with electron scattering in the near-surface region.
Boron and nitrogen co-doped carbon supported cobalt nanoparticle in neutral aluminum-air battery
Authors: Xu Xuebing , Zhong Jie , Wu Rongfang , Hu Chaoquan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A boron and nitrogen co-doped carbon supported cobalt nanoparticle catalyst (CoBNC-phen) is successfully prepared. The co-doping method led to the formation of a Co–N bond, inhibiting the accumulation of Co nanoparticles. This also changes the electronic state, hence promoting oxygen reduction reaction performance. CoBNC-phen exhibits a half-wave potential of 23 mV higher than the commercial Pt/C. The power-density of the aluminum-air battery is 20% higher when CoBNC-phen is applied as the air cathode. Meanwhile, the voltage remained stable after 15 h of discharge.
Mechanochemical responses in β-lactoglobulin-based hydrogels: protein unfolding and chemical modification through compression
Authors: Oohora Koji , Kageyama Kazuki , Innami Hiroki , Hayashi Takashi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigated mechanical protein unfolding in hydrogels composed of cross-linked β-lactoglobulin. The hydrogels were prepared by the reaction of β-lactoglobulin with polyethylene glycol tethering activated esters at both ends. Compressing the hydrogels enables the modification of β-lactoglobulin in the gel with fluorophores such as a pyridyl disulfide-containing fluorescent protein and a tetraphenylethene derivative. This finding indicates that the unfolding triggered by hydrogel compression induces exposure of a reactive cysteine residue in the protein.
Can amine ligands atomically disperse Cu atoms on TiO2(110)? Cu deposition on TiO2(110) premodified with o-anthranilic acid
Authors: Kim Cho Rong , Maeda Honoka , Lu Bang , Nakamura Yuto , Lin Yunli , Wakisaka Yuki , Kido Daiki , Asakura Kiyotaka , Takakusagi Satoru 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) structure of evaporated Cu atoms on a TiO2(110) surface premodified with o-anthranilic acid (o-AA) was examined using polarization-dependent total reflection fluorescence X-ray absorption fine structure (PTRF-XAFS) to elucidate the effect of the premodification on the Cu dispersion over the TiO2(110) surface. Cu was found to be atomically dispersed with the formation of N–Cu–O bonds (where the N is provided by the o-AA and the O is present in the TiO2 lattice) on the surface, and the factors for controlling the atomic dispersion are discussed.
Elasticity tuning of a hexameric hemoprotein-based hydrogel by mutation of its protein building block
Authors: Oohora Koji , Kageyama Kazuki , Hidaka Yuri , Hayashi Takashi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Mutants of a hexameric hemoprotein reconstituted with an acryloyl group-tethered heme were prepared and used as cross-linkers to produce polyacrylamide hydrogels to evaluate the effect of mutations on their elastic modulus. The mutations decrease the heme-binding affinities in a solution state, reducing the Young's modulus by 30% relative to that of the wild-type protein-based hydrogel. Furthermore, a stimuli-responsive gel–sol transition occurs upon reduction of the mutant-based gel. This work indicates that the molecular-level heme affinity for the cross-linked protein units has an important influence on macro-level mechanical properties.
Breastfeeding in the United States Among Women With HIV: Con Viewpoint
Authors: Nachman Sharon , Aldrovandi Grace 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To breast feed or not has long been a difficult question for women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in high-income countries, as undetectable HIV in maternal plasma does not translate to zero risk of transmission while breastfeeding, and clean water and formula are readily available. Recent, and more permissive, changes in US and other high-income-country guidelines regarding breastfeeding underscore this issue and acknowledge the information gaps that are essential for informed maternal choice and provider management. These include lack of guidance as to routine monitoring of mothers during lactation, type and length of prophylaxis for infants, and lack of data on factors associated with increased breast-milk viral load and risk of transmission. Ancillary to data are the education and staffing needs for providers participating in the management of breastfeeding individuals. Future studies of breast-milk transmission will need to evaluate these gaps so that we can move transmission to zero.