bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current position of neuromodulation for bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis
Authors: Kendall Harry J. , Schrijvers Julia , Heesakkers John P.F.A. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
Despite established effectiveness in overactive bladder and nonobstructive retention, neuromodulation's application in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) remains a topic of ongoing research. The purpose of this article is to review recent developments in neuromodulation as treatment of IC/BPS offering guidance for healthcare practitioners dealing with IC/BPS cases.

Recent findings
Recent research underlines the promising role of sacral, tibial and pudendal neuromodulation in management of IC/BPS symptoms. Studies reveal encouraging outcomes, particularly in alleviating urgency and frequency symptoms. However, while urgency and frequency symptoms tend to improve, comprehensive pain relief remains a challenge. Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) and transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) stand out due to their minimal invasive nature. Existing literature points to the need for larger prospective studies with extended follow-up periods to validate the efficacy and sustainability of neuromodulation.

Summary
Neuromodulation is a promising treatment modality for refractory IC/BPS. Due to the minimal invasive nature, they should be tried before rigorous surgery. However, the limited quantity of available data and the variability in pain relief outcomes necessitate cautious interpretation. The review emphasizes the need for further research.
FDG PET/CT in Hantavirus Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome
Authors: Han Yeon-Hee , Lee Chang-Seop 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A 58-year-old man with fever, myalgia, and dysuria was admitted to the hospital. Because of prolonged fever, FDG PET/CT was performed. Surprisingly, bilateral kidneys were rapidly enlarged for 5 days with the renal parenchyma showing intense hypermetabolism. FDG PET/CT demonstrated physiology of Hantavirus invading kidneys and causing nephritis. This case illustrates that FDG PET/CT could be the choice of image modality for diagnosis and treatment evaluation of patients suspected of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of FDG PET/CT image for a patient with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
Correlations Between Quantitative EEG Parameters and Cortical Blood Flow in Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation With and Without Encephalopathy
Authors: Khan Imad R. , Dar Irfaan A. , Johnson Thomas W. , Loose Emily , Xu Yama Y. , Santiago Esmeralda , Donohue Kelly L. , Marinescu Mark A. , Gosev Igor , Schifitto Giovanni , Maddox Ross K. , Busch David R. , Choe Regine , Selioutski Olga 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The neurologic examination of patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is crucial for evaluating irreversible encephalopathy but is often obscured by sedation or neuromuscular blockade. Noninvasive neuromonitoring modalities including diffuse correlation spectroscopy and EEG measure cerebral perfusion and neuronal function, respectively. We hypothesized that encephalopathic ECMO patients with greater degree of irreversible cerebral injury demonstrate less correlation between electrographic activity and cerebral perfusion than those whose encephalopathy is attributable to medications.

Methods:
We performed a prospective observational study of adults undergoing ECMO who underwent simultaneous continuous EEG and diffuse correlation spectroscopy monitoring. (Alpha + beta)/delta ratio and alpha/delta Rartio derived from quantitative EEG analysis were correlated with frontal cortical blood flow index. Patients who awakened and followed commands during sedation pauses were included in group 1, whereas patients who could not follow commands for most neuromonitoring were placed in group 2. (Alpha + beta)/delta ratio–blood flow index and ADR-BFI correlations were compared between the groups.

Results:
Ten patients (five in each group) underwent 39 concomitant continuous EEG and diffuse correlation spectroscopy monitoring sessions. Four patients (80%) in each group received some form of analgosedation during neuromonitoring. (Alpha + beta)/delta ratio–blood flow index correlation was significantly lower in group 2 than group 1 (left: 0.05 vs. 0.52, P = 0.03; right: −0.12 vs. 0.39, P = 0.04). Group 2 ADR-BFI correlation was lower only over the right hemisphere (−0.06 vs. 0.47, P = 0.04).

Conclusions:
Correlation between (alpha + beta)/delta ratio and blood flow index were decreased in encephalopathic ECMO patients compared with awake ones, regardless of the analgosedation use. The combined use of EEG and diffuse correlation spectroscopy may have utility in monitoring cerebral function in ECMO patients.
E-proteins set the threshold for optimal TCF1 expression during αβ T cell development
Authors: Verma Anjali , Aylward Bridget , Ma Fei , Sherman Cheryl A. , Chopp Laura , Shinton Susan , Roy Roshni , Fahl Shawn , Contreras Alejandra , Koenitzer Byron , Awasthi Parirokh , Mazan-Mamczarz Krystyna , De Supriyo , Ollikainen Noah , Qiu Xiang , Bosselut Remy , Sen Ranjan , Wiest David L. , Sen Jyoti Misra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExpression of T Cell Factor-1 (TCF1), encoded byTcf7,regulates lineage fate decisions during T cell development. Here we demonstrate that E-proteins control the threshold of TCF1 expression required for development of T cells. E-proteins bind to five elements (EPEs) in theTcf7locus. The third element, EPE3, interacts directly withTcf7promoter in Hi-ChIP analyses, suggesting it is an active enhancer. CRISPR-ablation of EPE3 reduces TCF1 protein expression in precursor thymocytes by 2-fold and dramatically impairs development of αβ and γδ T cells. Single cell gene expression analysis identified differentiation blocks at multiple CD4-CD8-stages and subsequent transition to CD4+CD8+stage. These data identify E-proteins and EPE3 as critical for the optimal TCF1 expression required for T cell development.
The influence of dark tourism motivational factors on revisit intention: a moderated mediation approach
Authors: Bowal Subhadeep , Ghosh Prosenjit 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
In India, travellers are beginning to pay attention to dark tourism recently. This study aims to empirically investigate tourists revisit intention (TRI) to dark tourism destinations (DTD) in Indian urbanscapes. Here, a comprehensive moderated mediation method was applied to enhance TRI towards DTD via dark tourism motivational factors (DTMF). Understanding history, mass and social media and curiosity are the dimensions of DTMF.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through structured questionnaires from a sample of 360 tourists’ from various DTDs in city of Kolkata, India. A structural equation modelling method was applied to investigate the hypothesis.

Findings
The findings showed DTMF dimensions enhanced the revisit intention for DTD in the city. Tourist satisfaction (TS) in dark tourism mediates the effects of DTMF on revisit intention. The mediation effects of satisfaction are diverse among high- and low-involved tourists.

Practical implications
The findings can be helpful for marketers, government and other stakeholders to make dark tourism products more feasible by identifying the DTMF, which further helps to promote dark tourism among the urban tourists.

Originality/value
This study shed light on the domain of dark tourism in urbanscapes in Kolkata, which was not previously explored. Furthermore, it suggests a moderated-mediated model for enhancing TRI to the DTD in the city, which involves TS as mediator and tourist involvement as moderator. Thus, this study enables an understanding of motivations for TRI in DTD.
Molecular profile of gastric adenocarcinoma, relevant epidemiological factors – Systematic review and meta‐analysis relating sex with Epstein‐Barr virus and unstable microsatellites subtypes
Authors: Santos Gabriel Oliveira dos , Nunes Warley Abreu , Júnior Waldemir Ferrari , Botega Luiza Gomes , Roehe Adriana Vial 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionGastric epithelial tumors exhibit morphological heterogeneity, diverse biological behaviors, and different oncopathological pathways. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) proposed a molecular classification of gastric adenocarcinomas based on genetic and molecular findings, which shows particular characteristics of diagnosis, prognosis, and indirectly, therapeutic alternatives. Within this classification, Epstein‐Barr virus‐positive (EBV+) and high microsatellite instability (MSI‐H) subtypes stand out as subtypes that present a less aggressive biological behavior and a highly mutilated phenotype. This study conducted a systematic review with an emphasis on epidemiological and prognostic factors based on the molecular classification proposed by TCGA.MethodsA broad, comprehensive, and reproducible search with methodological rigor was conducted for study selection using the ROBINS‐I and GRADEpro protocols and appropriate combinations of keywords.ResultsA total of 25 studies were selected: six with a complete classification similar to TCGA and 19 with a distinction between MSI‐H and EBV+. The application of meta‐analysis calculations reinforces the prevalence of positive Epstein‐Barr adenocarcinomas in males and high microsatellite instability in females, with a high level of certainty of evidence and low risk of bias in the analyzed studies due to the rigorous methods used.ConclusionThe molecular classification proposed by TCGA shows limited dissemination, with MSI‐H and EBV+ subtypes being the most researched, probably due to the benefit of the association with immunotherapies. However, the subclassification cannot be restricted to less than a quarter of the cases, and improvements in this aspect are urgent for the construction of knowledge on this important topic of global health.
Ultrasonic detection of vagus, accessory, and phrenic nerve atrophy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Relation to impairment and mortality
Authors: Walter Uwe , Sobiella Gretlies , Prudlo Johannes , Batchakaschvili Michael , Böhmert Jan , Storch Alexander , Hermann Andreas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeIn amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), phrenic nerve (PN) atrophy has been found, whereas there is controversy regarding vagus nerve (VN) atrophy. Here, we aimed to find out whether PN atrophy is related to respiratory function and 12‐month survival. Moreover, we investigated the relevance of VN and spinal accessory nerve (AN) atrophy in ALS.MethodsThis prospective observational monocentric study included 80 adult participants (40 ALS patients, 40 age‐ and sex‐matched controls). The cross‐sectional area (CSA) of bilateral cervical VN, AN, and PN was measured on high‐resolution ultrasonography. Clinical assessments included the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale–Revised (ALSFRS‐R), the Non‐Motor Symptoms Questionnaire, and handheld spirometry of forced vital capacity (FVC). One‐year survival was documented.ResultsThe CSA of each nerve, VN, AN, and PN, was smaller in ALS patients compared to controls. VN atrophy was unrelated to nonmotor symptom scores. PN CSA correlated with the respiratory subscore of the ALSFRS‐R (Spearman test, r = 0.59, p < 0.001), the supine FVC (r = 0.71, p < 0.001), and the relative change of sitting–supine FVC (r = −0.64, p = 0.001). Respiratory impairment was predicted by bilateral mean PN CSA (p = 0.046, optimum cutoff value of ≤0.37 mm2, sensitivity = 92%, specificity = 56%) and by the sum of PN and AN CSA (p = 0.036). The combination of ALSFRS‐R score with PN and AN CSA measures predicted 1‐year survival with similar accuracy as the combination of ALSFRS‐R score and FVC.ConclusionsUltrasonography detects degeneration of cranial nerve motor fibers. PN and AN calibers are tightly related to respiratory function and 1‐year survival in ALS.
Preference‐based patient participation in intermediate care: Translation, validation and piloting of the 4Ps in Norway
Authors: Kvæl Linda A. H. , Bergland Astrid , Eldh Ann C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe implementation and evaluation of patient participation to obtain high‐quality transitional care for older people is an international priority. Intermediate care (IC) services are regarded as an important part of the patient's pathway from the specialist to the primary care levels, bridging the gap between the hospital and the home. Patients may experience varying capacities and conditions for patient participation. Yet, few tools for evaluating patients' preferences for patient participation within IC services are at hand. Accordingly, further knowledge is needed to understand and scaffold processes for patient participation in IC. Therefore, the aim of this project was to translate, validate and pilot test the Patient Preferences for Patient Participation (the 4Ps) with patients in IC services in Norway.MethodsThis project comprised two phases: (1) a careful translation and cultural adaptation process, followed by a content validity trial among 15 patients and staff in Norwegian IC and (2) a cross‐sectional survey of the instrument with 60 patients admitted to IC.ResultsThe translation between Swedish and Norwegian required no conceptual or contextual adaptations. The subsequent cross‐sectional study, designed as a dialogue between the patients and staff, revealed that only 50% of the participants received a sufficient level of patient participation based on their preferences, mostly indicating that patients were receiving less‐than‐preferred conditions for engaging in their health and healthcare issues.ConclusionThe 4Ps instrument was deemed suitable for measuring patient participation based on patient preferences in the IC context and was feasible for both healthcare professionals and patients to complete in an interview when arriving at and leaving services. This may support person‐centred communication and collaboration, calling for further research on what facilitates patient participation and the implementation of person‐centred services for patients in IC.Patient or Public ContributionFirst, the current paper is part of the IPIC study (i.e., the implementation of patient participation in IC). Influenced by a James Lind Alliance process, the study addresses research uncertainties identified by patients, next of kin, staff and researchers in the cocreation process. Second, cognitive interviewing was conducted with 15 representatives of the target population: seven patients receiving IC services, one home‐dwelling previous IC patient (altogether four women and four men, most of them 80 years or older) and seven healthcare staff working in IC services. The interviews determined the relevance, comprehensiveness and clarity of the 4Ps. Finally, 60 patients admitted to IC took part in the cross‐sectional study.
Effectiveness of oral tofacitinib treatment on patients with moderate‐to‐severe alopecia areata in Iran
Authors: Asilian Ali , Mohammadian Parisa , Shahmoradi Zabihollah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlopecia areata is an inflammatory hair loss and a common autoimmune disease. Conducting treatment studies on alopecia areata is difficult due to unpredictable periods and even spontaneous recovery from the disease. In this study, the effectiveness of tofacitinib in treating alopecia areata was investigated.Materials and MethodsThe severity of the disease was evaluated using the Alopecia Severity Tool (SALT), and based on the medical history and patient's documents and photos, the score before and after the treatment was obtained. The patients were prescribed tofacitinib tablets at a dose of 5 mg twice a day for at least 6 months and were followed for a minimum of 18 months.ResultsNo side effect was observed in 97.9% of the patients. After 6 months, except for three patients who did not need any maintenance dose, others needed an average daily intake of 7 mg of tofacitinib. After 18 months, the hair loss decreased by 6.45 times compared to the beginning and by 0.5 times compared to the end of 6 months (p < 0.05). In addition, it was found that body hair loss decreased 4 times compared to the beginning and 0.6 times compared to the end of 6 months (p < 0.05). The reduction of nail involvement after 18 months and 6 months was 1.2 times and 0.6, respectively, (p < 0.05).ConclusionTreatment of alopecia areata with tofacitinib is recommended due to its effectiveness in reducing hair loss on the head, body, and nail involvement with few reversible side effects.
Nerve sonography in the diagnostic evaluation of primary and secondary carpal tunnel syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kerasnoudis Antonios , Ntasiou Etfhymia , Tsiami Styliani , Sarholz Michael , Baraliakos Xenofon , Krogias Christos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeCarpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy and extra‐articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, in patients with RA, it is not always possible to clinically distinguish an actual CTS from other RA‐based complaints.MethodsWe evaluated the diagnostic role of nerve ultrasound (NUS) as supportive tool in the diagnostic process of CTS in patients with RA and tried to provide etiological clarification in cases of secondary CTS. Fifty‐eight patients with RA and clinical suspicion of CTS were enrolled. All patients underwent a standardized clinical‐neurological, electrophysiological (nerve conduction studies [NCS]), and NUS examination and completed the Boston CTS Questionnaire (BCTQ).ResultsIn 96 of 116 hands examined, a clinical suspicion of CTS was documented. In 43 of 96 (44.8%) CTS‐positive hands, the diagnosis was primarily confirmed by NCS, whereas in another 16 of 96 (30.2%) hands, the diagnosis could only be verified by NUS, leading to a diagnosis of CTS in 59 of 116 (50.8%) hands. In 19 of 59 (32.3%) CTS‐positive hands, tenosynovial hypertrophy was observed, and in 7 of 59 (11.8%), a cystic mass was identified as the underlying cause of secondary CTS. A good correlation between NCS and NUS findings was documented, but no significant correlation was found between NCS, NUS, and clinical findings/BCTQ.ConclusionsIn people with RA, a diagnosis of CTS purely on a clinical basis is nonspecific and should be supported by NCS and/or NUS. NUS markedly facilitates the diagnosis of CTS in these patients and enables differentiation between primary and secondary causes.
Perilipin 5 protects the mitochondrial oxidative functions and improves the alcoholic liver injury in mice
Authors: Gao Xing , Jian Lele , Zhang Lijun , Xu Yuqiao , Zhao Yuanlin , Yang Ying , Yuan Yuan , Wang Yuying , Xu Shenhui , Ren Bincheng , Li Zimeng , Wang Chao , Li Jing , Gu Yu , Ye Jing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAlcohol consumption is a well‐established risk factor for the onset and progression of hepatic steatosis. Perilipin 5 (Plin5), a lipid droplet protein, is an important protective factor against hepatic lipotoxicity induced by excessive lipolysis, but its role and molecular mechanism in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are not fully elucidated.MethodsThe optimized National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism model was used to construct ALD model mice. Automatic biochemical analyser was used for Biochemical Parameters. The primary hepatocytes and Plin5‐overexpressed HepG2 cells (including full‐length Plin5 and Plin5 deleting 444–464 aa) were used for in vitro experiment. Haematoxylin and Eosin staining, Oil Red O staining, Bodipy 493/503 staining, Periodic Acid‐Schiff staining, immunohistochemistry and JC‐1 staining were used to evaluate cell morphology, lipids, glycogen, inflammation and membrane potential. Commercially kits are used to detect glycolipid metabolites, such as triglycerides, glycogen, glucose, reactive oxygen species, lactic acids, ketone bodies. Fluorescently labelled deoxyglucose, NBDG, was used for glucose intake. An XF96 extracellular flux analyser was used to determinate oxygen consumption rate in hepatocytes. The morphological and structural damage of mitochondria was evaluated by electron microscopy. Classical ultracentrifugation is used to separate the subcellular organelles of tissues and cells. Immunoblotting and qPCR were used to detect changes in mRNA and protein levels of related genes.ResultsOur results showed that the expression of Plin5 in mouse livers was enhanced by alcohol intake, and Plin5 deficiency aggravated the alcohol‐induced liver injury. To clarify the mechanism, we found that Plin5 deficiency significantly elevated the hepatic NADH levels and ketone body production in the alcohol‐treated mice. As NADH elevation could promote the reduction of pyruvate into lactate and then inhibit the gluconeogenesis, alcohol‐treated Plin5‐deficient mice exhibited more lactate production and severer hypoglycemia. These results implied that Plin5 deficiency impaired the mitochondrial oxidative functions in the presence of alcohol. In addition, we demonstrated that Plin5 could be recruited onto mitochondria by alcohol, while Plin5 without mitochondrial targeting sequences lost its mitochondrial protection functions.ConclusionCollectively, this study demonstrated that the mitochondrial Plin5 could protect the alcohol‐induced mitochondrial injury, which provides an important new insight on the roles of Plin5 in highly oxidative tissues.
Physical appearance and elections: An inequality perspective
Authors: Bahamonde Hector , Sarpila Outi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA consensus seems to exist around physically attractive candidates winning elections more often. Unfortunately, we have limited understanding of how voters assess candidates with socioeconomically (dis)advantageous physical appearances. To bridge this gap, we studied the electoral consequences of candidates looking upper class, middle class, or working class. Using official electoral data for the 2017 Finnish municipal elections and a novel data set based on a representative sample of the Finnish population (N = 7,920), we found that Finnish citizens systematically vote for candidates who look like they have (and do have) upper‐class occupations. Furthermore, the data strongly suggest that a systematic electoral penalty exists, particularly for female candidates who look like they have (and do have) working‐class occupations.
Jorge Portilla on philosophy and agential liberation
Authors: Garcia Torres Juan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractJorge Portilla argues that authentic philosophical inquiry plays a liberating function. This function is that of bringing more fully to consciousness aspects of identities or ways of being‐in‐the world that have been, up until then, tacit or opaque to the agent herself to facilitate her endorsement, rejection, or modification of these identities. For Portilla, this function facilitates greater self‐mastery by increasing the range of free variations of subjectivity available to the agent, and this increase in self‐mastery itself constitutes a kind of liberation. The main goal of this article is to provide a substantive interpretation of the nature of liberation Portilla thinks is embedded in this central function of authentic philosophical inquiry. I argue that this type of liberation should be understood ultimately in terms of increases in human agency, so I label it “agential liberation.” For Portilla, agential liberation involves two central elements: (i) a type of agential flourishing central to human flourishing, and (ii) an increase in the reach of intentional action that I describe as an expansion in the arena of human agency.