bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between chemical and physical surface properties and blood compatibility of PPE/EVA‐blends
Authors: Kleem Doris , Severich Birgit , Höcker Hartwig 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe chemical and physical surface properties of a biomaterial are of high importance for the blood compatibility of an implant. Blends of poly(propylene‐co‐ethylene) with various amounts of poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (PPE/EVA‐blends) were examined because of the varying surface hydrophilicity. Surface characterizations were performed by means of X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Infrared Spectroscopy in Attenuated Totalreflexion Mode (IR‐ATR) in relation to dynamic contact angle and zeta potential measurements. The examination of the blood compatibility of the polymer surfaces was carried out in vitro in a modified BOWRY blood chamber with native whole human blood. A balanced ratio of polar and dispersive surface free energy and a zeta potential of −4 mV are the conditions for a good blood compatibility of the investigated PPE/EVA‐blends.
Modification of catheter materials by coating with polymer layers containing silver
Authors: Coen Martine Collaud , Kressler Jörg , Mülhaupt Rolf 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe surface of polyurethane based catheter material or of silicon wafers as model surfaces were modified by spin coating of solutions of poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(vinyl alcohol) in water. For the incorporation of silver ions, silver nitrate was added to some of the solutions or the as‐cast surfaces were dipped into AgNO3 solution. Furthermore, samples coated with a thin layer of metallic silver were prepared by deposition of silver vapor in vacuum. The as‐prepared surfaces were studied by atomic force microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. During the spin coating of the solutions containing AgNO3, clusters of the silver component were formed. They were well dispersed in a poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix but act as nucleation agents in poly(ethylene oxide) where then large spherulites are formed. The surface compositions of coated samples and the depth profiling were carried out by angle dependent X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
KLHDC7B as a novel diagnostic biomarker in urine exosomal mRNA promotes bladder urothelial carcinoma cell proliferation and migration, inhibits apoptosis
Authors: Hou Jiayin , Huang Haiming , Xie Junyi , Yu Wei , Hao Han , Li Haixia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBladder cancer is a common kind of urinary system cancer, in which bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) comprises approximately 90% of all bladder cancer types. In our previous study, we discovered KLHDC7B in urine exosomal messenger RNA (mRNA) as a prospective molecular marker for bladder cancer detection. To systematically study the role and mechanism of KLHDC7B in BLCA, we focused on the most common type of BLCA in this study. First, we used RNA sequencing to discover that KLHDC7B was considerably increased in BLCA patients' urine exosomes compared to healthy controls. Then, we validated this result in an independent cohort and identified it as an effective tool for diagnosing and distinguishing high‐grade and low‐grade BLCA. Finally, we studied the role and mechanism of KLHDC7B in BLCA at the cellular level, providing a functional basis for its expression as a novel laboratory diagnostic biomarker for BLCA exosomal mRNA, which has important theoretical and clinical significance.
LC‐Orbitrap‐HRMS Determination of Two Novel Plastochromanol Homologues
Authors: Hammerschick Tim , Graf Jana , Vetter Walter 
Published: October 2023

ScopeThe antioxidant plastochromanol‐8 (PC‐8) is a tocochromanol which differs from γ‐tocotrienol in having an unsaturated side chain of eight instead of three isoprene units. The recent isolation of PC‐8 from flaxseed oil indicates the additional presence of lower shares of two previously unknown homologues, plastochromanol‐7 (PC‐7) and plastochromanol‐9 (PC‐9), which feature seven and nine isoprenoid units respectively on the γ‐chromanol backbone. Here, a fast LC‐Orbitrap‐HRMS method is applied for the determination of PC‐7 and PC‐9 in seven plant oils and a plant extract.Methods and resultsThe presence of PC‐7, PC‐8, and PC‐9 is confirmed in all eight investigated samples by LC‐Orbitrap‐HRMS analysis after saponification. PC‐8 amounts of ≈315–350 mg kg−1 in two flaxseed oils, ≈75 mg kg−1 in rapeseed oil, ≈38 mg kg−1 in camelina oil, ≈80–120 mg kg−1 in two mustard oils, ≈90 mg kg−1 in candle nut oil, and ≈900 mg kg−1 dry weight in Cecropia leaves are determined by quantification. Semi‐quantification of PC‐7 and PC‐9 indicated the presence of ≈0.1–1% of PC‐7 and PC‐9 in varied relative ratios.ConclusionThe novel plastochromanol homologues are of particular interest to researchers with focus on vitamin E and other tocochromanols because of their unexplored bioactivity.
A model for the evolution size and composition of olivine crystals
Authors: Haddenhorst Hendrik Holger , Chakraborty Sumit , Hackl Klaus 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this proceeding, a material model to describe the evolution of olivine crystals, in particular iron‐based Fayalite crystals, which are affected by the diffusion of magnesium ions, is introduced. These crystals are present in magma and understanding their behavior is an important aspect in improving prediction tools for volcanic eruptions. The model describes the development of the dislocation density, the concentration of magnesium over location and time, as well as the development of the size of the crystal over time. We discuss the model and the corresponding parameters. Furthermore, we present a numerical implementation of the model employing the platform Julia as well as a study on the influence of the various model parameters on the results. The results show a clear threshold between stable and unstable crystals.
Cooperativity and topological hydrogen bonding in aromatic diol complexes
Authors: Rosenberg Robert E. , Lomas John S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractComplexes of three aromatic diols, catechol, naphthalene‐1,8‐diol, and fluorene‐4,5‐diol, with a series of hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) that have oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur acceptor atoms, have been studied by density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) level. Binding energies, geometries, infrared spectroscopic (IR) frequencies, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shifts, and measures of the electron density distribution from the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) are evaluated and compared with data for the corresponding monohydroxy compounds (monols), phenol, naphth‐1‐ol, and fluorene‐4‐ol, in order to assess the importance of cooperativity between intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding. All measures for all complexes show positive cooperativity whereby both the intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds are strengthened upon complexation. Cooperativity is weak for catechol and strong for the other two diols and, for all diols, increases with the hydrogen bond basicity of the acceptor. Correlations of IR and NMR metrics against binding energies for a single HBA and all six monols and diols are excellent, but attempts to correlate the same metrics for all HBAs and a single donor are frustrated by differences in intermolecular hydrogen bonding, depending notably on the identity of the acceptor atom in the HBA. Atom–atom interaction energies, calculated by the Interacting Quantum Atoms approach, are used to discuss the covalency of both types of hydrogen bond.
The immune response mechanism of Nilaparvata lugens against a combined infection of rice ragged stunt virus and Metarhizium anisopliae
Authors: Lin Sheng , Li Xue‐wen , Liu Jian‐li , Ou‐yang Yu‐ying , Zhang Bang , Zhao Shu‐jiao , Chai Xue‐qing , Ma Yong‐le , Liu Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPrevious studies of brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, showed that carrying the plant pathogenic virus, rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV), enhanced the lethality of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (YTTR). The underlying mechanism for this was not established but a serine protease cascade was hypothesized to be involved.RESULTSTwo immune response genes, NlKPI and NlVenomase, were identified and shown to be involved. The synthesized double‐strand RNA (dsRNA) techniques used in this study to explore gene function revealed that treatment with dsRNA to silence either gene led to a higher BPH mortality from M. anisopliae infection than the dsRNA control treatment. NlKPI and NlVenomase play vital roles in BPH immunity to defend against alien pathogens. Both genes participate in the immune response process of BPH against co‐infection with RRSV and M. anisopliae YTTR by regulating the expression of antimicrobial peptides and phenoloxidase activity.CONCLUSIONOur study provided new targets for BPH biocontrol and laid a solid foundation for further research on the interaction of virus‐insect‐EPF (entomopathogenic fungus). © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Comparative transcriptome and proteome reveal the unique genes and proteins of female parasitic wasps, Lysiphlebia japonica Ashmead
Authors: Li Jinming , Zhou Tingting , Zhu Xiangzhen , Wang Li , Zhang Kaixin , Li Dongyang , Ji Jichao , Luo Junyu , Cui Jinjie , Gao Xueke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDLysiphlebia japonica Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) is an endophagous parasitoid wasp and its host, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera, Aphididae) is a major cotton pest. L. japonica affects the growth and fatty acid metabolism of cotton aphids after parasitization and has been widely used as a biocontrol agent. However, there are currently few reports about the molecular characteristics of L. japonica, especially the differences between male and female.RESULTSIn this study, using transcriptome and proteome analysis of the abdomen of female and male parasitic wasps, respectively, we obtained a total of 27,169 DEGs and 1,194 DEPs, then a total of 909 positively correlated high‐expression proteins and genes were obtained by combined omics analysis. Subsequently, 20 differentially expressed abdomen specific proteins were selected for validation by RT‐qPCR and Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) protein verification. The result of RT‐qPCR demonstrated that all 20 genes were highly expressed in the abdomen of females, and five target proteins with unique peptide fragments and identification profiles were identified by MRM, which were venom protease, tropomyosin, lipase member I, venom serine carboxypeptidase and calreticulin, respectively.CONCLUSIONOverall, these results provided molecular resources for the differences between males and females in L. japonica and the screened 20 abdomen specific proteins were verified to demonstrate the validity of the data, which offered important molecular data resources for further studies on the related functional genes of parasitic wasps and the mechanism of parasitoids regulating the growth of aphids. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Defective coloring of hypergraphs
Authors: Girão António , Illingworth Freddie , Scott Alex , Wood David R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe prove that the vertices of every ‐uniform hypergraph with maximum degree may be colored with colors such that each vertex is in at most monochromatic edges. This result, which is best possible up to the value of the constant , generalizes the classical result of Erdős and Lovász who proved the case.
Self‐Cascade Ce‐MOF‐818 Nanozyme for Sequential Hydrolysis and Oxidation
Authors: Liu Sheng , He Yang , Zhang Weikun , Fu Tao , Wang Liangjie , Zhang Yixin , Xu Yi , Sun Hao , Zhao Huazhang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMimicking efficient biocatalytic cascades using nanozymes has gained enormous attention in catalytic chemistry, but it remains challenging to develop a nanozyme‐based cascade system to sequentially perform the desired reactions. Particularly, the integration of sequential hydrolysis and oxidation reactions into nanozyme‐based cascade systems has not yet been achieved, despite their significant roles in various domains. Herein, a self‐cascade Ce‐MOF‐818 nanozyme for sequential hydrolysis and oxidation reactions is developed. Ce‐MOF‐818 is the first Ce(IV)‐based heterometallic metal–organic framework constructed through the coordination of Ce and Cu to distinct groups. It is successfully synthesized using an improved solvothermal method, overcoming the challenge posed by the significant difference in the binding speeds of Ce and Cu to ligands. With excellent organophosphate hydrolase‐like (Km = 42.3 µM, Kcat = 0.0208 min−1) and catechol oxidase‐like (Km = 2589 µM, Kcat = 1.25 s−1) activities attributed to its bimetallic active centers, Ce‐MOF‐818 serves as a promising self‐cascade platform for sequential hydrolysis and oxidation. Notably, its catalytic efficiency surpasses that of physically mixed nanozymes by approximately fourfold, owning to the close integration of active sites. The developed hydrolysis–oxidation self‐cascade nanozyme has promising potential applications in catalytic chemistry and provides valuable insights into the rational design of nanozyme‐based cascade systems.
Emerging biotechnologies and biomedical engineering technologies for hearing reconstruction
Authors: Hu Yangnan , Fang Le , Zhang Hui , Zheng Shasha , Liao Menghui , Cui Qingyue , Wei Hao , Wu Danqi , Cheng Hong , Qi Yanru , Wang Huan , Xin Tao , Wang Tian , Chai Renjie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHearing impairment is a global health problem that affects social communications and the economy. The damage and loss of cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) as well as the degeneration of neurites of SGNs are the core causes of sensorineural hearing loss. Biotechnologies and biomedical engineering technologies provide new hope for the treatment of auditory diseases, which utilizes biological strategies or tissue engineering methods to achieve drug delivery and the regeneration of cells, tissues, and even organs. Here, the advancements in the applications of biotechnologies (including gene therapy and cochlear organoids) and biomedical engineering technologies (including drug delivery, electrode coating, electrical stimulation and bionic scaffolds) in the field of hearing reconstruction are presented. Moreover, we summarize the challenges and provide a perspective on this field.
Moral hazard and selection bias in insurance markets: Evidence from commercial fisheries
Authors: Marvasti Akbar , Dakhlia Sami 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUsing a panel dataset of commercial fisheries in the Gulf of Mexico, we attempt to separately identify the moral hazard and self‐selection effects of property insurance coverage among commercial fishers. We use captains' propensity to take fishing trips under adverse weather conditions as a proxy for their private information; these data are available to us, but not to insurers. We find that vessels with higher long‐term exposure to risk are significantly less likely to be insured, suggesting potential advantageous selection. However, this relationship dissipates once we control for information likely known to the insurer. Finally, using a Heckit estimator, we find evidence of moral hazard: insured captains take more risks at sea.
Effects of gabapentin on intraocular pressure, tear production and horizontal pupil diameter in New Zealand White rabbits
Authors: Cinar Harun , Yanmaz Latif E. , Isil Ayhan , Danisman Ibrahim T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the effects of gabapentin on various ocular parameters in New Zealand White rabbits.MethodsA randomised, placebo‐controlled crossover study design was employed. Eight New Zealand White rabbits were randomly assigned to receive either oral gabapentin at a dosage of 15 mg/kg or an oral placebo, with a 1‐week washout period between treatments. Intraocular pressure, tear production and horizontal pupil diameter were measured at baseline (T0) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 360 minutes after drug administration. Physiological and behavioural changes were also recorded for both treatments following drug administration.ResultsThe administration of gabapentin did not have any significant effects on the ocular parameters measured in this study. However, the rabbits exhibited some muscle relaxation with partially closed eyes during handling, and they were slightly easier to remove from the cage when treated with gabapentin compared to the placebo treatment.LimitationsIn this study, the ocular effects of gabapentin were assessed in only a small number of healthy rabbits. These effects may differ in rabbits with pre‐existing eye conditions or in those receiving other medications.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that gabapentin treatment does not have a significant impact on intraocular pressure, tear production or horizontal pupil diameter in rabbits.
On growth and instability for semilinear evolution equations: an abstract approach
Authors: Müller Vladimir , Schnaubelt Roland , Tomilov Yuri 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe propose a new approach to the study of (nonlinear) growth and instability for semilinear abstract evolution equations with compact nonlinearities. We show, in particular, that compact nonlinear perturbations of linear evolution equations can be treated as linear ones as far as the growth of their solutions is concerned. We obtain exponential lower bounds of solutions for initial values from a dense set in resolvent or spectral terms. The abstract results are applied, in particular, to the study of energy growth for semilinear backward damped wave equations.
Brain blood flow pulse analysis may help to recognize individuals who suffer from hydrocephalus
Authors: Ziółkowski Arkadiusz , Kasprowicz Magdalena , Czosnyka Marek , Czosnyka Zofia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is often associated with altered cerebral blood flow. Recent research with the use of the ultrasonic method suggests specific changes in the shape of cardiac-related cerebral arterial blood volume (CaBV) pulses in NPH patients. Our study aims to provide a quantitative analysis of the shape of CaBV pulses, estimated based on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) in NPH patients and healthy individuals.

Methods
The CaBV pulses were estimated using TCD cerebral blood flow velocity signals recorded from probable NPH adults and age-matched healthy individuals at rest. The shape of the CaBV pulses was compared to a triangular shape with 27 similarity parameters calculated for every reliable CaBV pulse and compared between patients and volunteers. The diagnostic accuracy of the most prominent parameter for NPH classification was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results
The similarity parameters were calculated for 31 probable NPH patients (age: 59 years (IQR: 47, 67 years), 14 females) and 23 healthy volunteers (age: 54 years (IQR: 43, 61 years), 18 females). Eighteen of 27 parameters were different between healthy individuals and NPH patients (p < 0.05). The most prominent differences were found for the ascending slope of the CaBV pulse with the AUC equal to 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.77, 0.97, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The findings suggest that in NPH, the ascending slope of the CaBV pulse had a slower rise, was more like a straight line, and generally was less convex than in volunteers. Prospective research is required to verify the clinical utility of these findings.
Dynamics of the room: expert wrangling in the process of standard formation
Authors: Hayes Jan , Maslen Sarah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the dynamics of expert collaboration in industry standard development. The use of expert committees in the development of standards is common practice, and yet the operation of such groups tends to be a “black box.” Based on participant observation and interviews with committee participants, we examine the group dynamics within the subcommittee involved in a major update to one part of the Australian Standard for pipeline engineering, and the skills required of the Chair to obtain the best outcome. We address how the expert group is built, how the Chair leads them to a negotiated outcome, and how the Standard becomes socialized into the public domain. Agreement comes slowly, with some picking their battles, but many others repeatedly putting forward their views. The Chair exhibits three types of expertise (contributory, interactional, decision-making) which together are critical to resolving debates and, in effect, agreeing on the collective wisdom of the group.
Medical Students’ Self-Perceptions of Harassment During Clinical Placement
Authors: Henning Marcus A. , Stonyer Josephine , Chen Yan , Hove Benjamin Alsop-ten , Moir Fiona , Coomber Ties , Webster Craig S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Exploring workplace dynamics during clinical placement is crucial to determine whether medical students are encountering safe and meaningful learning experiences. The aim of this original article is to describe medical students’ reported harassment experiences whilst on clinical placement.

Design
Medical students in years 4 to 6 were invited to participate in the survey. In this mixed-methods study, data collection included demographic information, responses to the Generalized Workplace Harassment Questionnaire, and qualitative commentaries.

Results
Two hundred and five students completed the questionnaire. Medical students experienced harassment in areas of verbal aggression, disrespect, isolation/exclusion, threats/bribes, and physical aggression. Concerning levels of occurrence were noted for disrespect, isolation/exclusion, and verbal aggression.

Conclusions
Many medical students in this study reported experiencing harassment during their clinical placements indicating that harassment during clinical placement continues to be of concern in medical education. The findings indicate that further initiatives need to be designed to identify and respond to these cases of workplace harassment and that power imbalance and safe reporting appear to be further issues of concern. It was evident that students need to feel safe enough to be able to report harassment experiences to allow managers and educators to address the full extent of the problem.
Invesitgation of the thermo physico-mechanical and drilling characteristics of sandstone in Zonguldak hard coal basin
Authors: Sakız Utku 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEffect of temperature on physico-mechanical properties is an important research topic for engineering applications such as underground coal gasification, exploitation of deep oil and gas resources, extraction of geothermal energy and burial of nuclear waste. This paper aims to investigate the variation of physico-mechanical and drilling properties of sandstones from the Zonguldak Hardcoal Basin at different temperatures (from room temperature to 600 °C). The results show that with the increase in the temperature of the sandstone, the geomechanical parameters and leeb hardness properties decrease, while the drilling rate index and porosity properties increase. Especially, the geomechanical properties of sandstone decrease sharply above 500 °C as the critical temperature of the rock. The average geomechanical properties (uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength and Young modulus) and Leeb hardness values decreased by %35.3, 30.0, 50.3 and 14 respectively when the sandtone samples heated the 600 °C. On the other hand, the drilling rate index increased by 24.14% and the porosity increased by 470 times compared to its initial value at room temperature. Based on the findings of the present study, statistical analysis (correlation analysis) were revealed between rock physico-mechanical and drilling properties of sandstone and temperature. In the light of this fact, obtained results show that is of great importance to study the changes in the physico-mechanical and drillability properties of the rock after the heating process.