bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Fisher Information Theory of Aesthetic Preference for Complexity
Authors: Berquet Sébastien , Aleem Hassan , Grzywacz Norberto M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When evaluating sensory stimuli, people prefer those with not too little or not too much complexity. A recent theoretical proposal for this phenomenon is that preference has a direct link to the Observed Fisher Information that a stimulus carries about the environment. To make this theory complete, one must specify the model that the brain has about complexities in the world. Here, we develop this model by first obtaining the distributions of three measures of complexity in real-world images from seven environments. We then search for a parametric model that accounts for these distributions. Finally, we measure the Observed Fisher Information that each image has about the parameters of this model. The results show that with few exceptions, the distributions of image complexities are unimodal, have negative skewness, and are leptokurtotic. After investigating tens of models for these distributions, we show that the Logit-Losev function, a generalization of the hyperbolic-secant distribution, fits them well. The Observed Fisher Information for this model shows the inverted-U-shape behavior of complexity preference. Using this model, we account for the adaptation to different environments. We also discuss how to generalize our Observed Fisher Information theory to other aesthetic values.
New Halbach System Optimization Design
Authors: Jiang Wenjuan , Wang Shidong , Li Junzhou , Fang Hairui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The widespread use of portable nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology in many fields has attracted lots of researchers’ attention. Nevertheless, it has a few drawbacks such as large volume, poor uniformity and end effect limit. Therefore, this paper designs a new three-dimensional structure of 9-layer permanent magnet based on the traditional Halbach structure, and proposes an innovative optimization scheme of adjusting the height of the magnetic block by pair and optimizing step by step to adjust the uniformity of the main magnet system. Each layer of the instrument developed in this study consists of 16 trapezoidal permanent magnets, with a total volume of Φ240×141.8mm. The quality factor (Q) represents the uniformity of magnetic field at both ends of the central cylinder region. Through simulation, it is found that in the central area of the optimized structure (Φ20×20mm), the resultant magnetic field density is 1.092T and the uniformity is 419ppm. The structure which is developed in this paper has the advantages of small size, compact form and good uniformity so that it is suitable for being adequated for the portable NMR systems.
A carbon emission prediction model of mechanical parts machining driven by structural design parameters
Authors: Jiang Zhigang , Li Xiangxaing , Zhu Shuo , Yan Wei , Zhang Hui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Structure design has a direct impact on the carbon emissions produced during the machining of mechanical parts. However, there exists a complex mechanistic relationship between structural design parameters(such as size and shape) and the carbon emissions generated during machining, making it challenging to accurately predict carbon emissions. Consequently, effectively implementing low-carbon structural design becomes a formidable task. To this end, a carbon emission prediction model of mechanical parts machining driven by structural design parameters is introduced. To begin, the influence of structural design parameters and machining processes on the carbon emissions is analyzed, and the structural design parameters are categorized. The optimal Latin hypercube sampling (OLHS) method is employed to construct the initial sample set. Subsequently, a radial-basis function neural network (RBFNN) model for predicting carbon emissions, driven by structural design parameters, is developed, taking into account the intricate nonlinearity of the carbon emissions prediction mechanism model with multiple structural design parameters. The Regularization Coefficient and K-Fold Cross Validation method are implemented to enhance the accuracy of the training model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by a reducer gear machining.
Reduced Travel Emissions Through a Carbon Calculator with User-friendly Environmental Data
Authors: Bulson Erin E. , Kontar Wissam , Ahn Soyoung , Hicks Andrea 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The echoing environmental toll of the transportation system calls for a drastic need to move beyond carbon-intensive modes of transportation into more sustainable ones. With the rise of emerging modes of transportation, this transition is more promising than ever. In this work, we take a travel-centric approach to promoting the transition away from carbon-intensive modes of transportation by informing travelers about their emissions. A carbon calculator – as a function of trip distance and Well-to-Wheel (WTW) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) – was developed and embedded on a website platform. Users would input their trip distance , and the calculator outputs the carbon footprint (CO2e) of the trip if it was to be done through seven different modes: car (gasoline), car (hybrid), car (electric), bus, electric bike, bike, and walking. Additionally, the calculator outputs the equivalent of CO2e as cheeseburgers for a more intuitive display. The overall goal of this work is to understand how travelers respond to being exposed to carbon footprint information. This serves as a step forward in realizing a sustainable transportation system.
We make available the calculator online through this link. Study results indicated that trip distance, environmental awareness, age, income, and mode of transportation used were the most influential features in predicting modal shifts. Importantly, the majority of modal shifts resulted in reduced CO2e emissions.
Gut microbiota in preterm infants with late-onset sepsis and pneumonia：A pilot case-control study
Authors: Ma Ye , Peng Xiaoming , Zhang Juan , Zhu Yulian , Huang Ruiwen , Li Guinan , Wu Yunqin , Zhou Changci , You Jiajia , Fang Siwei , Xiang Shiting , Qiu Jun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: Late-onset sepsis (LOS) and pneumonia are common infectious diseases, with high morbidity and mortality in neonates. This study aims to investigate the differences in intestinal microbiota among preterm infants with LOS, or pneumonia, and full-term infants. Furthermore, this study intends to determine whether there is a correlation between intestinal pathogenic colonization and LOS.
Methods: In a single-center case-control study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to compare intestinal flora characteristics and differences among LOS group, pneumonia group, and control group.
Results: It was found that gut microbiota in control group showed higher diversity compared with LOS group and pneumonia group (P＜0.05) . Moreover, a similar diversity between LOS group and pneumonia group could be observed (P> 0.05). The pathogenic bacteria of LOS in infants were consistent with the distribution of the main bacteria in the intestinal flora. Through metastases analysis and Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe), we identified a significant association between LOS and specific bacterial changes. Compared with the control group, Akkermansia, Escherichia/Shigella, and Enterococcus increased, while Bacteroides and Stenotrophomonas decreased in the LOS and pneumonia group. The increase of Escherichia/Shigella abundance could predict the occurrence of LOS, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.773.
Conclusion: Dominant bacteria in intestinal flora of LOS group were associated with the causative pathogen of LOS. The increase of Escherichia/Shigella, Akkermansia, Enterococcus, and the decrease of Bacteroides, showed potential correlation between intestinal flora and LOS, pneumonia. Furthermore, preterm infants with an increased abundance of Escherichia/Shigella can be regarded as potential candidates for predicting the occurrence of LOS.
MODELO PARA ANÁLISE DE RECURSOS HUMANOS NECESSÁRIOS À ASSISTÊNCIA FARMACÊUTICA HOSPITALAR PARA COVID-19 NO BRASIL
Authors: Gonçalves Siqueira Nadielle , Du Bocage Santos Pinto Cláudia , Silva Miranda Elaine 
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Apresentar modelo para analisar e dimensionar os recursos humanos da assistência farmacêutica hospitalar no atendimento à pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil. Método: Foram identificadas e analisadas literatura científica e legislação para definição das atividades e parâmetros necessários a assistência farmacêutica hospitalar na rotina dos serviços de saúde e no contexto pandêmico. Fundamentação teórica: Os desastres afetam gravemente os sistemas de saúde. A assistência farmacêutica hospitalar se insere neste contexto como atividade chave na resposta às emergências sanitárias. Resultados: Ao todo 14 atividades demandam exclusivamente farmacêuticos nos serviços hospitalares. Para cada uma dessas definiu-se parâmetros para o dimensionamento do número de farmacêuticos necessários e identificou-se as fontes de informações e as bases legais relacionadas. Conclusão: Considera-se que o modelo é capaz de estimar a necessidade de recursos humanos para assistência farmacêutica hospitalar demandada no atendimento de rotina e as necessidades da pandemia de COVID-19. Neste sentido é útil para a preparação no nível do serviço e da gestão central nas três esferas de governo.

Palavras-chave: Assistência Farmacêutica; COVID-19; Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar.
Estimation of evapotranspiration fluxes over mustard using a Two-Source Energy Balance model
Authors: Vala Radhika , Lunagaria Manoj M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

A Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB) model computes surface energy fluxes using soil surface temperature and canopy temperature. An experiment was carried out in a research farm near the agrometeorological observatory, at Anand, India to parameterize the TSEB model for the mustard (Brassica Juncea) crop, to estimate surface energy fluxes and validate the TSEB-2T model. The TSEB-2T model was validated using net radiation measurements. Results revealed that modeled net radiation under all sowings. Very late sowing had comparatively high dr 0.61, r 0.78** and low RMSE 58.12 Wm−2, MAE 46.47 Wm−2 and low MBE 1.66. Net radiation over mustard ranged from 269 to 538 Wm−2 with relatively high peaks in the second sowing date. Sensible heat flux was relatively high during early growth and after the seed development phase. Latent heat flux and sensible heat flux had inverse partitioning patterns during the crop cycle of the mustard. Ground heat flux had negligible partitioning from net radiation after the seed initiation stage. During vegetative to pod initiation phases, the net radiation fraction for latent heat was high compared to sensible heat. Peak daily evapotranspiration based on modeled latent heat during the flowering to pod initiation phase was about 3.7 mm day−1.
Pembelajaran alat musik sederhana berbasis Android dengan menggunakan aplikasi Real Piano
Authors: Pratiwi Ratna , Harmono Sejati Irfanda Rizki 
Published: November 2023

Alat musik berbasis android yang digunakan di SMP Negeri 20 Semarang khususnya di kelas VII E adalah aplikasi Real Piano. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses dan apa saja metode yang digunakan dari pembelajaran berbasis android pada siswa kelas VII E SMP Negeri 20 Semarang yang terdiri dari 32 siswa. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi data. Hasil penilitian ini adalah peserta didik mampu mengenal nada, mampu memahami notasi mutlak dan notasi angka, mampu menyanyikan lagu dengan satu suara dan mampu memainkan musik melodis menggunakan aplikasi real piano melalui pembelajaran musik berbasis android. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran musik di SMP Negeri 20 Semarang tidak hanya menggunakan alat musik saja, melainkan bisa memanfaatkan teknologi berbasis android dengan menggunakan metode tutor sebaya.Kata kunci: pembelajaran, pembelajaran seni musik, berbasis Android, Real Piano Learning simple musical instruments based on Android using Real Piano application AbstractThe android-based musical instrument used in SMP Negeri 20 Semarang, especially in class VII E, is the Real Piano application. This study aims to find out how the process and what methods are used from android-based learning in class VII E SMP Negeri 20 Semarang which consists of 32 students. The research method in this study is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing or data verification. The results of this research are students are able to recognize tones, are able to understand absolute notation and number notation, are able to sing songs with one voice and are able to play melodic music using real piano applications through android-based music learning. The conclusion of this study is that learning music at SMP Negeri 20 Semarang does not only use musical instruments, but can utilize android-based technology using the peer tutor method.Keywords: learning, music learning, Android based, Real Piano
Semiotika Roland Barthes: Gerak tari pada pertunjukan Bedug Kerok di kampung seni Yudha Asri
Authors: Fajri Samsul , Malarsih Malarsih , Hartono Hartono 
Published: November 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis dan mengkategorikan tanda-tanda dalam pertunjukan gendang kerok dengan menggunakan teori semiotika Roland Barthes. Pertunjukan bedug kerok merupakan salah satu seni pertunjukan yang banyak dinikmati khususnya oleh warga Kampung Seni Yudha Asri, Desa Mander, Kecamatan Bandung, Kabupaten Serang, Banten. M. Jufri Noor, pendiri sanggar seni, pertama kali mencetuskan gagasan Kampung Seni Yudha Asri karena apresiasinya terhadap karya seni. Kampung Seni Yudha Asri kini menjadi destinasi wisata seni yang cukup terkenal. Metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang digunakan dalam model penelitian ini didasarkan pada teori-teori dari semiotika. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dimaknai sebagai simbol dan makna gerak yang terdapat pada gerak tari gendang kerok dengan menghadirkan gerak dasar dalam bentuk pertunjukan gendang kerok. Teori Roland Barthes memasukkan sinyal dan penanda seperti makna denotasi, konotasi, dan mitos. Hasil dari analisis semiotika tersebut antara lain gerak narilik, sepakan, dengdek, ngedeg kuda-kuda, kelid tonjok, golempang, gegejedan, culcel, dan kewer.Kata kunci: semiotika Roland Barthes, gerak tari, Bedug Kerok Semiotics of Roland Barthes: Kerok Bedug dance movements in Yudha Asri art villageAbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyze and categorize the signs in the drum kerok performance using Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. The drum kerok performance is one of the performing arts that is enjoyed, especially by the locals of Yudha Asri Art Village, Mander Village, Bandung District, Serang Regency, Banten. M. Jufri Noor, the founder of an art studio, first came up with the idea for Yudha Asri Art Village out of his appreciation for artistic works. Yudha Asri Art Village is now a well-known art tourism destination. The descriptive qualitative research methods used in this model for study are based on theories from semiotic. Data gathering techniques include observation, interviews, documentation, and library research. The results of this study can be interpreted as symbols and meanings of motion that are present in the movements of the drum kerok dance by presenting the basic movements in the form of a drum kerok performance. The theories of Roland Barthes include signals and markers such as the meanings of denotation, connotation, and myth. The results of the semiotic analysis include narilik motion, kicking, dengdek, ngedeg stance, kelid tonjok, golempang, gegejedan, culcel, and kewer.Keywords: Roland Barthes semiotics, dance movement, Bedug Kerok
Basic competency for Elementary School teachers in teaching music
Authors: Widodo Tri Wahyu , Cross Natasha Fabio 
Published: November 2023

Competence is a skill that everyone must possess to complete various tasks. With constantly evolving work challenges, competencies must always follow the dynamics of the development of job challenges. This study revealed the phenomenon of the profession of a class teacher in elementary school education, which has significant challenges in the teaching and learning process and is a big concern for the government. Therefore, understanding the phenomenon of teachers as an educator profession is very important in understanding how to design and increase the professional competence of classroom teachers in musical instruments, such as recorders. The research will focus on the class teacher who teaches the art of music through recorders at the elementary school in the field of art knowledge, particularly the music arts. This study explores the problems of how classroom teachers achieve essential competencies to teach music knowledge. The data collected results from observations of classroom teacher training on music art learning organized in collaboration between Yamaha Education and the Ministry of Education and Culture in 2022. In training to improve the competence of class teachers, many need to be revealed and need solutions. So, this study aims to design various things that can improve the competence of elementary school class teachers in providing knowledge of music art. This study's data collection and analysis method uses a qualitative tradition through a case study approach for elementary school teachers. Keywords: teacher competence, elementary school, music arts, recorder
Integrated learning strategy in arts and culture learning
Authors: Kusumawati Heni , Jogjaningrum Drijastuti , Rusdewanti Panca Putri , Fu'adi Fu'adi 
Published: November 2023

This research aims to determine the creativity of arts and culture teachers in integrating two different aspects of art. Art education has two kinds of concepts: first, art education, which is related to the artistic expression of art, and second, art education, which is related to the direction of education. For this reason, teachers need strategies to be able to optimally actualize and express students' abilities in exploring their talents in the field of art. This research uses qualitative methods through a digital ethnographic approach. Data collection through observation, questionnaires with forms, and documentation. The research results show that creative teachers will have a great sense of curiosity, be open, take initiative, and have high loyalty in carrying out their duties. This cannot be separated from internal and external factors that can encourage teachers to continue to develop themselves. The form of teacher creativity in exploring music, dance, fine art, or theatre material is realized in the form of collaboration between the arts. With these results, it is hoped that Arts and Culture learning can be optimized to develop aesthetic, artistic, critical, appreciative, and creative feelings in students.Keywords: creativity, arts and culture, integrated learning Strategi pembelajaran terpadu dalam pembelajaran seni dan budayaAbstrak Konsep pendidikan seni pada dasarnya ada dua macam yaitu konsep pendidikan seni yang berkaitan dengan aspek ekspresi artistic dan konsep pendidikan seni yang dikaitkan dengan tujuan Pendidikan. Untuk itu diperlukan strategi dari guru agar dapat mengaktualisasikan dan mengekspresikan secara optimal kemampuan peserta didik dalam mengeksplorasi bakatnya di bidang seni. Seorang guru yang kreatif akan memiliki rasa keingintahuan yang besar, bersikap terbuka, inisiatif dan memiliki dedikasi yang tinggi dalam menjalankan tugas. Hal ini tidak lepas dari factor internal dan eksternal yang dapat mendorong guru untuk terus mengembangkan diri. Pembelajaran Seni Budaya diharapan dapat menumbuhkembangkan kepekaan rasa estetik dan artistik, sikap kritis, apresiatif, dan kreatif pada peserta didik, sedangkan bentuk kolaborasi antar aspek seni menjadi pembelajaran terpadu (integrated learning) merupakan bentuk kreativitas guru dalam mengeksplorasi materi seni music/tari/rupa/teater dengan seni yang lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan upaya guru dalam mengembangkan potensi peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Seni Budaya, mendeskripsikan strategi konseptual yang dilakukan guru seni budaya dalam memadukan 2 aspek seni, dan wujud kreativitas guru seni budaya dalam mengintegrasikan 2 aspek seni yang berbeda.Kata kunci: kreativitas, seni dan budaya, pembelajaran terpadu
Implementing 7M strategy to teach guitar
Authors: Wicaksono Herwin Yogo , Machfauzia Ayu Niza , Widyastuti M. G. , Yulianta Agus Untung , Vivadi Maulana Resha 
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to investigate a guitar lesson conducted based on 7M learning strategy at Apoyando Music School in Purworejo, Central Java. During the lessons, effective strategies are needed, so that students may get fun and meaningful learning experiences. One of the strategies that can be used in learning is 7M. This strategy allows students to improve their skills independently and systematically. In addition, it can make learning more effective as it demands students to be active and creative during learning. This study employed the qualitative method with the case study approach.Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. To confirm the validity of the data, extended observation and data triangulation were performed. The 7M strategy consists of Membaca/Reading, Melihat/Viewing, Mendengarkan/Listening, Merekam/Recording, Membandingkan/Comparing, Mendiskusikan/Discussing, and Merefleksikan/Reflecting. In addition to implementing the 7M strategy, teachers’ knowledge and skills in conducting guitar lessons are needed to make the learning process more creative, innovative, interesting, contextual, and based on students’ needs.Keywords: Creative, guitar lesson, innovative, practicePembelajaran Praktik Gitar Berbasis 7M AbstrakDalam pembelajaran praktik gitar diperlukan strategi yang efektif, agar pembelajaran tersebut menyenangkan dan bermakna bagi peserta didik. Salah satu strategi yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran praktik gitar adalah strategi 7M. Strategi ini merupakan suatu strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan peserta didik di sekolah musik Apoyando dalam berlatih dan bermain alat musik gitar secara mandiri dan terstruktur. Selain itu, strategi pembelajaran ini dapat menjadikan pembelajaran efektif yang melibatkan peserta didik secara aktif dan kreatif dalam proses pembelajarannya. Adapun strategi yang diterapkan meliputi strategi membaca, melihat, merekam, memainkan, mendengarkan, membandingkan, mendiskusikan dan merefleksikan dari apa yang telah dilakukan. Di samping itu, pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru di Sekolah Musik Apyondo Purworejo Jawa Tengah dalam pembelajaran praktik gitar menjadi lebih kreatif, inovatif, menarik, kontekstual dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi . Keabsahan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perpanjangan pengamatan dan triangulasi.Kata kunci: pembelajaran, praktik, gitar, kreatif, inovatif