bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meningioma with extensive noncalcifying collagenous whorls and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression: New variant of meningioma diagnosed by smear preparation
Authors: Pope Leonora Z.B. , Tatsui Claudio E. , Moro Marlus S. , Neto Arnolfo C. , Bleggi‐Torres Luiz F. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe purpose of this report is to describe the unique cytological findings of a new recently characterized type of meningioma that has extensive noncalcifying collagenous whorls and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) expression. This new entity, described by Haberler and colleagues, was named whorling sclerosing variant of meningioma. The patient was a 34‐yr‐old white man with a large tumor in the brainstem. Intraoperative smear preparations showed a tumor with a large number of solid hyaline masses in a loose background and in focal areas tumor cells formed cohesive nests with a somewhat whorling appearance. The histological sections showed a neoplasia composed of innumerable eosinophilic, collagenous, noncalcified round deposits, cuffed by scattered meningothelial tumor cells. The neoplastic cells showed diffuse cytoplasmic reactivity for EMA and vimentin, as well as positivity to GFAP. This is the first cytological description of this new entity in the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;28:274–277. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytologic differential diagnosis of myxoid and mucinous neoplasms of the sacrum and parasacral soft tissues
Authors: Layfield Lester J. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractA diagnostically important group of lesions involving the sacrum, spinal canal, and parasacral soft tissues is characterized by a myxoid or mucinous background in cytologic smears. This group of myxoid/mucoid neoplasms includes chordoma, myxopapillary ependymoma, metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma, and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. Despite the similarity of the background substance, each neoplasm within this differential diagnosis has a characteristic composite set of morphologic and immunophenotypic features. Because many of these masses are not easily surgically biopsied, fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is often used for their diagnosis. The private consultation records of the author and the cytology files of the University of Utah Department of Pathology were searched for all lesions arising in or around the sacrum. These cases were reviewed to determine which had a myxoid/mucinous background. Fourteen neoplasms were found and comprise the study set. Four of these cases had cell block material in addition to Diff‐Quik‐stained smears; a panel of antibodies, including cytokeratin, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), S‐100 protein, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), was performed on the cell block material. The smears were evaluated for cytologic features, including the presence of rosette‐like structures, physaliphorous cells, gland‐like structures, chondroid fragments, “signet ring” and “goblet” cells, as well as the character of the myxoid/mucinous background substance.The cases included one myxopapillary ependymoma, 10 chordomas, two mucinous adenocarcinomas of colonic or gastric origin, and one myxoid chondrosarcoma. Physaliphorous cells were found to be highly specific for chordoma, while a fibrillary myxoid stroma containing cells with elongated cytoplasmic processes and cells lying in a rosette‐like pattern around central cores of myxoid to fibrillary stroma were highly characteristic of myxopapillary ependymoma. Fragments of a myxoid/chondroid matrix with lacunar‐like spaces strongly supported the diagnosis of myxoid chondrosarcoma. “goblet” or “signet ring” cells with a single distinct vacuole favored mucinous adenocarcinoma. There appear to be sufficient cytomorphologic features present within the FNA smears and cell block material to allow cytologic separation of the more common myxoid and mucinous neoplasms involving the sacral and parasacral tissues. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;28:264–271. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel pattern of dimerization for 1, 4‐diphospha‐1,3‐butadienes
Authors: Ionkin Alex S. , Marshall William J. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractA new example of [2+4] cycloaddition of the low‐coordinated diphospha‐analog of butadiene protected with a 2,4‐di‐tert‐butyl‐6‐methylphenyl group has been described. X‐ray structure investigations of monomer 4b and dimer 5a have been reported for the first time. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:231–234, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10123
Oxidation of thiols with metal nitrates supported on TAFF
Authors: Arroyo Gabriel , Osnaya Roberto , Cruz Tonatiuh , Londoño Amparo , Álvarez Cecilio , Delgado Francisco , Santiago Ricardo , Miranda René 
Published: April 2003

AbstractTwelve thiols were readily oxidized to the corresponding disulfides by means of four metal nitrates supported on TAFF, a bentonitic clay, under mild conditions. However, in some cases, thioethers and other interesting by‐products were detected. Some of the disulfides showed antimicotical activities against Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus candidus, Microsporum gypseum, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:262–265, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10138
Myocutaneous versus thoraco‐abdominal flap cover for soft tissue defects following surgery for locally advanced and recurrent breast cancer
Authors: Deo S.V. Suryanarayana , Purkayastha Joydeep , Shukla Nootan K. , Asthana Sonal 
Published: April 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesRadical surgical extirpation in advanced breast cancer patients produces large defects that may not be suitable for primary closure. The primary aim in such cases is to achieve an adequate soft tissue cover expeditiously. Various methods, including skin graft, omentum, random flaps, and myocutaneous (MC) flaps, have been tried in the past; however, there is no consensus regarding the method of choice in such patients.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the breast cancer database of a single surgical unit was performed to find out the incidence of advanced breast cancer patients requiring an additional surgical procedure for soft tissue cover. A comparative analysis of two major groups, “MC flaps” and “thoraco‐abdominal (TA) flaps,” was performed in relation to operative time, blood loss, morbidity, hospital stay, and final outcome.ResultsForty (12.7%) out of 315 advanced breast cancer patients undergoing surgery required additional surgical procedures for soft tissue cover. MC flaps were used in 18 patients and TA flaps were used in 22 patients. The mean blood loss (192 ± 77 ml vs. 40 ± 19 ml), operating time (110 ± 20 minutes vs. 35 ± 7 minutes), and hospital stay (10 ± 4 days vs. 5 ± 2 days) were significantly less in the TA flap group.ConclusionsThe results of the current study show a significant diference in the blood loss, operating time, and hospital stay between patients requiring TA and MC flap for soft tissue cover following mastectomy. In view of its simplicity and better results, we recommend that the TA flap should be used as a first option flap in advanced breast cancer patients requiring skin cover. J. Surg. Oncol. 2003;83:31–35. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Manual transport in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Hejduková Blanka , Hosseini Nasser , Johnels Bo , Ingvarsson Pall E. , Steg Göran , Olsson Torsten 
Published: April 2003

AbstractWe analyze hand dexterity in Parkinson's disease patients (PD) and control subjects using a natural manual transport task (moving an object from one place to another). Eight PD patients and 10 control subjects carried out the task repeatedly at maximum speed both in off and on medicated status. The movement parameters and the grip and load forces were recorded. Using the force and velocity signals, 10 subsequent phases of the transport movement were defined and their durations were measured. The difference between the control group and the test group in off and on was established statistically using non‐parametric methods. There was slowed reaching and a striking disturbance of establishing the precision grip in PD. The transport capabilities were impaired differentially. Although acceleration and reaching sufficient height of the lift were disturbed in PD subjects, transport of the object toward the target position was almost normal. A partial disturbance was observed when cancelling the grip. Dopaminergic medication improved only specific hand skills, especially establishment of the precision grip and one of the four transport phases. A long movement path was more sensitive for movement disturbance in Parkinson's disease than a short one.© 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Acute psychotropic effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation and levodopa in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Funkiewiez Aurélie , Ardouin Claire , Krack Paul , Fraix Valérie , Van Blercom Nadège , Xie Jing , Moro Elena , Benabid Alim‐Louis , Pollak Pierre 
Published: April 2003

AbstractHigh‐frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) improves the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Opposite changes in mood, such as mania or depression, have been reported after surgery, but it is not known whether these side effects are specifically related to STN DBS. To learn whether STN DBS also influences the limbic loop, we investigated acute subjective psychotropic effects related to levodopa or bilateral STN DBS. After a median postoperative follow‐up of 12 months, 50 PD patients completed the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI), assessing subjective psychotropic effects in four conditions: off‐drug/on‐stimulation; off‐drug/off‐stimulation; on‐drug/off‐stimulation; and on‐drug/on‐stimulation. Both levodopa and STN DBS improved all the ARCI subscales, indicating subjective feelings of well being, euphoria, increase in motivation, and decrease in fatigue, anxiety, and tension. A suprathreshold dose of levodopa was significantly more effective than STN DBS, using the same electrical parameters as for chronic stimulation, on four of the five ARCI subscales. We concluded that 1) both STN DBS and levodopa have synergistic acute beneficial psychotropic effects in PD, 2) the psychotropic effects of both treatments need to be considered in the long‐term management of chronic STN DBS, and 3) the results indicate an involvement of the limbic STN in mood disorders of PD. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Influence of the network chain orientation on the fracture toughness of a mesogenic epoxy resin modified with CTBN
Authors: Harada Miyuki , Morimoto Mitsuhiko , Ochi Mitsukazu 
Published: April 2003

AbstractA biphenol‐type epoxy resin, which had a mesogenic group in the backbone moiety, was modified with carboxy‐terminated butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer (CTBN) as a reactive elastomer, and its fracture toughness was measured. With the addition of CTBN, the fracture toughness of the biphenol‐type epoxy resin significantly increased and became significantly higher than that of a bisphenol A‐type epoxy resin modified with CTBN. The network chain orientation in the cured biphenol‐type epoxy resin system was clearly observed during the fracture process with polarized microscopy Fourier transform infrared measurements, although such a phenomenon was not observed in the bisphenol A‐type epoxy resin system. The high toughness of the cured biphenol‐type system was clearly due to the consumption of the mechanical energy by a large deformation of the matrix resin due to the orientation of the network chains during the fracture process. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 1198–1209, 2003
Mechanical behavior of electrospun fiber mats of poly(vinyl chloride)/polyurethane polyblends
Authors: Lee Keun Hyung , Kim Hak Yong , Ryu Young Jun , Kim Kwan Woo , Choi Sun Woong 
Published: April 2003

AbstractVarious polyblends of poly(vinyl chloride) and polyurethane (PU) dissolved in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and N,N‐dimethylformamide were produced by electrospinning, in different ratios, with several electrospinning conditions, and the relationship between morphology and mechanical behavior of the resulting fiber mats was examined in detail. The surface tension, viscosity, and electrical conductivity of polymer solutions affecting electrospinning were measured, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with a universal testing machine were used to examine the family of polyblends under investigation. The SEM images demonstrated that point‐bonded structures in the fiber mats rose with increasing PU composition, and the mechanical properties of the fiber mats, as determined in a static tensile test, can be considered to have a strong effect by the point‐bonded structure. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 1256–1262, 2003
Quantum imaging, quantum lithography and the uncertainty principle
Authors: Shih Y. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractOne of the most surprising consequences of quantum mechanics is the entanglement of two or more distant particles. The “ghost” image experiment demonstrated the astonishing nonlocal behavior of an entangled photon pair. Even though we still have question in regard to fundamental issues of the entangled quantum systems, quantum entanglement has started to play important roles in practical applications. Quantum lithography is one of the hot topics. We have demonstrated a prove‐of‐principle quantum lithography experiment recently. The experimental results have beaten the classical diffraction limit by a factor of two. This is a quantum mechanical two‐photon phenomenon but not a violation of the uncertainty principle.
Cytoprotective activity of Amla (Emblica ofﬁcinalis) against chromium (VI) induced oxidative injury in murine macrophages
Authors: Sai Ram M. , Neetu D. , Deepti P. , Vandana M. , Ilavazhagan G. , Kumar Devendra , Selvamurthy W. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe cytoprotective and immunomodulating properties of Emblica ofﬁcinalis (Amla) against chromium (VI) induced oxidative damage are reported. Chromium (VI) at 1 µg/mL concentration was highly cytotoxic. It enhanced free radical production and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in macrophages. The presence of Amla resulted in an enhanced cell survival, decreased free radical production and higher antioxidant levels similar to that of control cells. Further, chromium (VI) treatment resulted in decreased phagocytosis and gamma‐interferon (γ‐IFN) production while Amla inhibited chromium induced immunosuppression and restored both phagocytosis and γ‐IFN production by macrophages signiﬁcantly. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase in Rhodotorula and Udeniomyces spp. isolated from sea water: cloning and sequencing the encoding region
Authors: Hernández‐Saavedra Norma Y. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe gene encoding the copper‐zinc superoxide dismutase enzyme (SODC or Cu,Zn‐SOD) has been cloned from several species of higher eukaryotes, but superoxide dismutase genes from moulds and yeast have not been studied extensively. Only 15 nucleotide sequences have been reported in the SwissProt, EMBL and GenBank data libraries. In general the presence of Cu,Zn‐SOD in cytosol, as well as Mn‐SOD in the mitochondrial matrix of yeast, has been accepted. The absence of Cu,Zn‐SOD in a pigmented yeast has been accepted as a general rule. Some authors suggest that the absence of Cu,Zn‐SOD in pigmented yeast is complemented by the presence of carotenoproteins that act as an extra mitochondrial antioxidant. In this report, we found that the absence of SODC is not a rule for pigmented yeast: Udeniomyces puniceus expresses an active SODC which responds to Cu2+ induction, as has been reported previously for non‐pigmented yeast. The encoding region of the sod1 gene was cloned from three species of pigmented marine yeast thorough genomic DNA PCR amplification. Fragments of 485–487 nucleotides were obtained, which contain information for theoretical products of 153–154 amino acids. In Rhodotorula mucilaginosa the deduced amino acid sequence shows that insertion of three bases (C112, A149 and C166) generates a stop codon at position 123 (TGA). For Rhodotorula graminis a single change (T for A) generates a stop codon at position 298. For both species, this non‐transcription of encoding sequence correlates with the absence of peptides or active proteins in cell homogenates. For U. puniceus, the cloned nucleotide sequence contains all necessary information to produce a functional protein, which correlates with activity detected in cell homogenates, both under normal conditions and by copper induction experiments. Finally, we clearly showed that the key factor in protection against oxidative stress on pigmented yeast is related not only to the presence of protective pigments but also to their amounts and spectra, as well as the presence and activity of SODC. The sod1 sequences reported in this paper have been deposited in the NCBI public data library under Accession Nos AY064723, AY064724 and AF301901. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A framework for strategic service management
Authors: Kellogg Deborah L. , Nie Winter 
Published: April 2003

AbstractA service framework is needed to foster strategic thinking in services. This paper introduces the service process/service package matrix to meet that need. The important feature of the service process is the degree of customer influence on the service process. The unique characteristic of the service package is that it consists of both tangible and intangible aspects. The service package is described by the degree of customization found in those tangible and intangible elements. Strategic competencies are identified and discussed along the service process dimension, the service package dimension, and the main diagonal of the matrix. Some existing strategic frameworks are embedded and incorporated in the matrix. Additionally, we formulate research propositions based on the matrix. Service firms can use this matrix to gain strategic insights by aligning the type of service package offered with the type of process used to create the service and to have a better understanding of their service operations strategy.
Acute‐phase α2‐macroglobulin in csf during development of the fetal rat
Authors: Panrucker D.E. , Dziegielewska K.M. , Lorscheider F.L. , Saunders N.R. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe concentration of acute phase α2‐macroglobulin (APα2M) was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and plasma of fetal (12–22 days gestation) and neonatal (0–10 days post partum) rats. APα2M was detectable in the fetus as early as samples could be obtained (12 days) and increased in both fluids to reach a peak near the time of birth (17 mg/100 ml in csf and 168 mg/100 ml in plasma). During the neonatal period APα2M concentration declined markedly in both fluids. The results are compared with values for albumin and α‐fetoprotein in fetal rats. It was concluded that maintenance of the csf:plasma ratios for the three proteins are incompatible with an explanation of passive diffusion from plasma to csf. Other mechanisms to explain the occurrence of high concentrations of plasma proteins in fetal csf are discussed.
Survival of chick embryo sympathetic neurons in cell culture
Authors: Leah John , Kidson Chev 
Published: April 2003

AbstractChanges in neuronal numbers during the development of the chick embryo paravertebral sympathetic nervous system have been examined using cell culture techniques. Early sympathetic ganglia contain predominantly cells having neuronal phenotypes and these increase in number until embryonic day 9. Subsequently there is a large decrease in the number of neurons and an increase in the population of non‐neuronal cells. This in vivo pattern is maintained when the neurons are grown in vitro, where Nerve Growth Factor more readily prevents the death of neurons cultured from 12‐day or older embryos than those from earlier stages of development.
Influence of nerve growth factor on developing dorso‐medial and ventro‐lateral neurons of chick and mouse trigeminal ganglia
Authors: Davies Alun , Lumsden Andrew 
Published: April 2003

AbstractTrigeminal ganglia have been removed from five, six, seven and eight day chick embryos and explants of the dorso‐medial (DM) and ventro‐lateral (VL) parts of the maxillomandibular lobe were grown in tissue culture. Quantitative methods were used to assess the influence of nerve growth factor (NGF) on fiber outgrowth from these explants. At all ages outgrowth from DM explants was significantly greater than from VL explants, the difference being most pronounced between the extreme DM and VL poles of the maxillomandibular lobe. These observations are interpreted as indicating the existence of two distinct populations of neurons in terms of their response to NGF rather than the consequence of the asynchronous differentiation and maturation of the VL and DM neurons. A similar study of 10, 11 and 12 day embryonic mouse trigeminal ganglia revealed no significant difference in neurite outgrowth between DM and VL regions grown in the presence or absence of NGF.
Hypothalamic testosterone increase in the male rat at birth
Authors: Rhoda J. , Corbier P. , Roffi J. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractIn the male rat, a dramatic increase in serum testosterone occurs during the first 2 h of postnatal life. Since the hypothalamus is known to be an important site for sexual differentiation of the brain, this early testosterone surge was a good model to use to study the transfer of serum testosterone to the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. Endogenous testosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay in the hypothalamus and the cerebral cortex of the foetus and newborn rats during the first 6 h following birth. In the male, hypothalamic testosterone increased between 0 h in utero and 2 h; in the males gonadectomized at 0 h in utero and killed at the age of 2 h, the testosterone surge was abolished, clearly indicating the testicular origin of this hormone in the neonate. The small testosterone increase in the cerebral cortex compared with that in the hypothalamus reflects a preferential uptake of this hormone by the hypothalamus of the newborn. In the female, hypothalamic testosterone slightly decreased between 0 h in utero and 6 h. These results are in agreement with the view that hypothalamic modifications form the basis for some behavioral and physiological changes attributed to the effect of perinatal hormonal stimulation.
Development of immunoreactive lhrh neurons in the fetal rat hypothalamus
Authors: Daikoku Shigeo , Maki Yuzo , Okamura Yoshihito , Tsuruo Yoshihiro , Hisano Setsuji 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe ontogenesis of immunoreactive (ir) LHRH neurons was investigated in rats applying the double‐bridge PAP method of Vacca et al. (J. Histochem. Cytochem. 28, 297–307, 1980). Ir LHRH was first evident in the cell bodies confined in the ventromedial surface of the anterior part of the forebrain vesicles on day 16.5 of gestation. Only one or two cells, if any, were found in the brains examined; the cells are oval showing ir brown granules within the perikarya and also within the processes extended from both poles. On day 17.5 of gestation, a few ir cells appeared in the olfactory cortex, medial septum, medial preoptic area, diagonal band of Broca, and ventro‐lateral surface of the anterior hypothalamus, and, with development, their numbers increased gradually. During the prenatal period, no ir cell exists in the arcuate nucleus or in the medial‐basal hypothalamus. Beaded ir fibers appeared in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and in the external layer of the median eminence on 18.5 and 19.5 days of gestation, respectively. The present findings ascertain that the hypothalamic regulation of hypophysial gonadotrophic function exists during fetal period in rats.