bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manipulating Polarization via Optical Fiber Twisting for Optical Switch Applications
Authors: Kamoldilok Surachart , Kadtajan Jiratchayar , Kanajirayupat Athiwat , Srinuanjan Keerayoot 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This research presents a method for controlling the polarization state of light in an optical fiber communication system. By twisting the optical fiber with three-paddle set polarization controllers where the birefringence occurs and polarization changes. Twisting the paddle in various conditions could be manipulated in the desired polarization state. The light is then launched into a Michaelson interferometer system, which includes a polarizing cube beamsplitter, where the output polarized state can be controlled and applied as an optical switch for an optical communication system.
Synthesis and analysis of Au:Pd nanoparticles by substrate removable technique for enhanced catalytic applications on ZnO gas sensor
Authors: Chansuriya S , Hongsith N 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study presents a methodology for synthesizing and analyzing Au:Pd nanoparticles, using the substrate removable technique, with a focus on their potential for catalytic gas sensing applications. The process begins with the deposition of NaCl onto a glass substrate via the evaporation technique. Subsequently, Au:Pd are sputtered onto the NaCl-coated substrate, with adjustments made to sputtering parameters such as time and current to finely tune composition and thickness. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to analyze the crystal structure of the resulting films. The optical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles are examined by analyzing the absorption spectra across a range of wavelengths from 200 to 900 nm. The Au:Pd nanoparticles are subsequently extracted from the substrate through dissolution using deionization of water. In addition, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) techniques are used to evaluate the distribution of particle sizes and the stability of colloidal systems. Analyzing the zeta potential of the nanoparticle solutions yields key insights into their surface charge. Demonstrating the catalytic potential of the Au:Pd nanoparticles, they are applied to a ZnO gas sensor, effectively detecting gas vapor. Remarkably, the sensor’s sensitivity is enhanced and reveals efficacy across various gas concentrations. This novel approach holds great potential for the advancement of catalytic applications.
Investigating air pollution in Northern Thailand using wavelet analysis
Authors: Suwanarat Suksan , Anusasananan Panatcha , Thangprasert Nipon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Air pollution is a prominent issue in numerous regions worldwide, including Thailand, as it contributes to a range of health issues and early mortality. The northern provinces, such as Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai, face significant environmental problems with air pollution, especially during specific periods like the dry season. The region suffers from high levels of pollution, caused mainly by several sources such as agricultural burning, forest fires, car emissions, industrial operations, and urban expansion. In this research, we will study the air pollution in these regions from January 2019 to October 2023 using statistics, wavelet analysis, and maps to compare the air pollution between several provinces. The pollutants examined in this study consist of PM2.5, PM10, O3, CO, and NO2, for which the Department of Pollution Control is accountable for gathering data, reporting, and establishing air quality guidelines for these pollutants. The monthly data and the wavelet analysis revealed a natural cycle of pollutants. Their lowest levels occur during the rainy season, followed by a gradual increase during the colder months, reaching their highest point in the summertime, particularly from March to mid-May. The concurrent surges in the levels of all four toxins pose a growing challenge in terms of monitoring and mitigating their detrimental impacts. However, an examination of the data on an hourly basis reveals that pollutants display a consistent daily pattern, with more noticeable observations for O3 and NO2. A comparative analysis of five distinct categories of pollutants across several northern provinces during the same period revealed that Phayao province has the lowest pollution levels and Chiang Mai province has the highest. Addressing these pollutants is essential for protecting human health and ensuring environmental sustainability since air pollution is an inevitable annual occurrence that affects everyone.
Head-related transfer function for the measurements of otoacoustic emissions evoked by localized sound sources
Authors: Prawanta Ekkanat , Park Munhum , Roongthumskul Yuttana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Not one but two ears enable us to identify the location of a sound source by comparing the amplitudes and phases of acoustic signals. In this study, we explore the response of the inner ears to localized sounds by measuring otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) which refers to sounds produced by the inner ear in response to external sounds, thus governed by the activities of the acoustic receptors. OAEs were recorded simultaneously from both ears by fitting a small microphone-speaker probe into each ear canal. The binaural sounds used to evoke OAEs were designed to correspond to a localized sound source by using Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) measured from a head-and-torso simulator. OAEs were elicited by bursts of pure tones originating from two virtual sound sources, one in front of the participants, and the other to their left ears. Our results demonstrated that, for tone bursts at 0.5 kHz, 1.0 kHz, and 2.0 kHz, the intensity and time differences of bilateral OAEs were enhanced by 3.57 dB – 6.70 dB when the virtual sound moved from 0 to 90 degrees. This was consistent with the amplitude and time differences of the stimuli. For tone bursts at 4.0 kHz, however, the average OAE amplitude difference was 20.11 dB, exceeding that of the stimuli at 7.78 dB. Our results demonstrate that bilateral OAEs directly reflect the amplitude and phase differences of the incoming signals and that the developed technique could be used for the investigations of OAEs during sound localization.
Analytical perturbation of Schwarzschild AdS black hole quasinormal modes
Authors: Musiri Suphot 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Quasinormal modes of Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter black holes with scalar, gravitational, and electromagnetic perturbations are studied. A perturbation method is employed to obtain the solutions, which are hypergeometric functions, and their corresponding quasinormal frequencies are analytically calculated. The results of the frequencies are pure imaginary numbers, which are analyzed and compared to those from various numerical works.
Research and analysis of mechanical characteristics of three-phase asynchronous motor
Authors: Chen Yaguang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Three-phase asynchronous motor is widely used in all walks of life. It is of great significance to study the mechanical characteristics of the motor for the correct selection and use of a motor. The expressions of the mechanical characteristics of a three-phase asynchronous motor include parameter expression, practical expression, and linear expression. Through the simulation analysis of different expressions of mechanical characteristics, the practical expression is usually used to calculate the three-phase asynchronous motor in practical application, which can avoid the tedious calculation of parameter expression. The parameter expression is more suitable for qualitative analysis. The linear expression is suitable for the linear segment of the motor mechanical characteristic.
Application of fuzzy control in V2G technology
Authors: Li Keyao , Shen Kunpeng , Yang Wei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
An idea of a V2G charging and discharge control strategy based on fuzzy control technology was proposed. First of all, the target value of the load and power status set by the charging station can calculate all the electric vehicles in the charging station for the total energy of V2G; then, the V2G blur controller detects the node voltage of the current power network, and receives the total energy obtained by the power calculation unit. As a result, as an input, a fuzzy control strategy is used to calculate the charging station to achieve the power control volume of electric vehicles used to achieve V2G, choose the appropriate fuzzy method and establish an appropriate rule library to reasonably control the amount of power output. As the control volume of the V2G inverter, it effectively controld the two-way power flow between electric vehicles and grid. In the end, this power control volume is used as the input of the V2G electrical energy transformation unit, and the two-way energy flow between the electric vehicle and the grid. Four simulation cases are set up for electric vehicle discharge and charging processes, and Matlab/Simulink is used to perform simulation analysis of the control strategy. The simulation results show that through the fuzzy logic, it can effectively control the charging and discharge power of electric vehicles in different load periods, realize peak-cutting valley smooth grid load curves, improve the efficiency of the grid, and verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the control strategy.
Research on cross-building energy storage management system based on reinforcement learning
Authors: Xin Ming , Wang Yanli , Zhang Ruizhi , Zhang Jibin , Liu Xinan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study considers a cross-building energy storage system in which the objective function of each step is a piecewise linear function of decision variables and state variables. Therefore, the objective function can be modeled as piecewise linear programming and then transformed into a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. However, as a multi-stage stochastic programming problem in which we utilize approximate dynamic programming (ADP) to tackle the computational issues, we need to solve the objective function multiple times. To further decrease computational cost, we propose several approximate algorithms to determine variable splitting, which degrades the problem to a linear programming problem. We use approximate techniques to solve the problem and design experiments to verify our conclusion. Numerical experiments show that our algorithm greatly reduces the time needed to solve the problem under the condition of minimal loss of accuracy. The simulation experiment in a Python environment further proves that the cross-building energy storage management system based on energy routers and control centers is better than the energy system of each building working alone to maximize the benefits.
Construction and implementation of an emotional care robot based on physiological signal and space-time information
Authors: Zhang Jun , Lu Fei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With the aging of Chinese society and the intensification of empty nest degrees, focusing on the robot’s care of human emotions to help people alleviate negative emotions, “IQ, EQ” products will be widely concerned. Through smart bracelets, this project collects physiological signals such as GSR, heart rate, and R-R intervals of users under different states. It combines spatial and temporal information to build an ontology-based multi-domain knowledge model of intelligent home space. Based on the autonomous cognition, personalized selection, and BP neural network dynamic and flexible semantic reasoning of robot service tasks associated with emotion-time-space information, the service robot will provide appropriate, warm, and intimate daily services for users according to their emotional states and establish a system of autonomous learning, mental development, active cognition and skill development of service robots.
Research on control strategy of industrial and commercial power convert system based on improved modulation algorithm
Authors: Lin Xin , Cao Yang , Xiong Chaohu , Liu Wenkui , Li Xiao , Peng Yongbin , Han Songtao , Jiang Xiaoxu , Guan Xin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper addresses the challenges of power fluctuations due to the integration of renewable energy sources by proposing a novel control strategy for commercial energy storage systems. Specifically, it introduces a commercial power convert system model that utilizes the sine pulse width modulation (SPWM) algorithm combined with zero-sequence voltage injection. The paper details the method for implementing this zero-sequence voltage modulation algorithm and integrates a control strategy for grid connection and disconnection. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is evaluated through simulation and experimental comparisons with industrial and commercial power convert systems. Results demonstrate that the improved modulation algorithms and control strategies are both correct and effective in managing power fluctuations and ensuring stable grid operation.
Open-circuit fault diagnosis of AC port of energy router based on wavelet packet decomposition and gradient boosting decision trees
Authors: Zhou Qi , Zhang Chenyu , Liu Ruihuang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The energy routers have become the key devices in smart grids. The open-circuit (OC) fault diagnosis is one of the common faults for the AC port of the energy router. In this paper, an OC fault diagnosis of the AC port of an energy router, i.e., a 3-level NPC inverter, based on wavelet packet decomposition and gradient boosting decision trees is proposed. The wavelet packet decomposition is used to extract the fault features from the sampled 3-phase current waveforms. Then, the fault classification model based on gradient boosting decision trees (GBDT) is built to diagnose the fault localization of power switch devices. Simulation results show that the original current signal can be decomposed into low and high-frequency components effectively. The trained GBDT model can effectively diagnose OC faults in different fault localizations of the AC port of the energy router.
A Study on dynamic allocation of terminal equipment resources in distributed distribution networks under high concurrency scenarios
Authors: Wu Zhengrong , Li Hua , Yin Furong , Yang Chen , Yang Yuxuan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In high concurrency scenarios, reasonable allocation of limited resources is the key to ensuring the operational performance of distribution networks. Therefore, a study on the dynamic allocation of terminal device resources in distributed distribution networks under high concurrency scenarios is proposed. This study focuses on “high concurrency resource allocation”, first clarifying the research boundaries and assumptions, and constructing a distribution network terminal equipment resource allocation model to maximize comprehensive net benefits. When allocating resources, the particle swarm optimization algorithm was applied and integrated with deep reinforcement learning to construct a hybrid model. The optimization dimension of the particle swarm algorithm was set to be consistent with the concurrent quantity. Deep reinforcement learning was used to dynamically adjust the parameters of the particle swarm algorithm to determine the final allocation plan. The test results showed that the response delay of the terminal nodes was stable within 0.5 seconds and the comprehensive net benefit was significantly higher than that of the control group.
Research on the power and energy balance scheduling problem in new-type power systems
Authors: Wang Yubo , Zhou Lu , Guo Zhichen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With the introduction of the concept of new-type power systems, both domestic and international research has increasingly focused on new energy sources. To effectively address the uncertainty in the output of new energy sources and ensure the stable operation of new-type power systems, the distribution network is transitioning from a unidirectional flow to a bidirectional interactive mode, characterized by diversified load types. As a distributed generation, controllable loads and energy storage devices are integrated, and the grid is evolving towards active distribution, requiring flexible regulation to cope with the random fluctuations of clean energy and ensure system stability. This study aims to develop an optimized scheduling model that comprehensively optimizes the “source-load-storage” resources of the active distribution network, to improve scheduling efficiency, energy benefits, and the integration of clean energy. The model provides a detailed analysis of the network architecture, core technologies, and resource characteristics, and designs a two-stage coordinated scheduling scheme for “source-load-storage”, taking into account dynamic response and costs. An optimization model is established to ensure reliability and economic efficiency, fully covering the constraints of actual operations. To verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model and algorithm, the classical IEEE-33 node system was selected as a case study for simulation analysis. Comparative analysis shows that, compared to strategies considering only the “source-load” or “source-storage” synergy, the control strategy that comprehensively coordinates the “source-load-storage” response can more thoroughly exploit and utilize distribution network resources, leading to superior optimization results.
Research on leak detection in pipeline systems based on acoustic emission technology
Authors: Li Wenhan , Huang Ke , Mo Chaoquan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Current research often involves only a single type of leakage, with few studies comparing multiple leakage types in pipeline systems. To address this issue, a fundamental pipeline system experimental platform was established. By altering experimental conditions (such as AE sensor position, leakage rate, etc.), multi-type leakages in pipelines, valves, and flanges were simulated. Utilizing acoustic emission (AE) technology and parameter analysis methods, the relationships among AE signal values, including ASL (Average Signal Level), RMS (Root Mean Square Voltage), and amplitude, were explored. Based on this, the characteristics of different leakage types were analyzed and compared. Finally, the impact of different materials on the acoustic emission signals of valve leakage was studied.
Design and experiments of a humanoid torso based on biological features
Authors: Gao Wenshuo , Tian Zhiwei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Among the components of a humanoid robot, a humanoid torso plays a vital role in supporting a humanoid robot to complete the desired motions. In this paper, a new LARMbot torso is developed to obtain better working performance based on biological features. By analyzing the anatomy of a human torso and spine, a parallel cable-driven mechanism is proposed to actuate the whole structure using two servo motors and two pulleys. Analysis is conducted to evaluate the properties of the proposed parallel cable-driven mechanism. A closed-loop control system is applied to control the whole LARMbot torso. Experiments are performed using the manufactured prototype in three modes to evaluate the characterizations of the proposed design. Results show that the proposed LARMbot can complete the desired motions properly, including two general human-like motions and a full rotation motion. When completing two general human-like motions, the maximum bending angle is 40 degrees. The maximum cable tension is 0.68 N, and the maximum required power is 18.3 W. In full rotation motion, the maximum bending angle is 30 degrees. The maximum cable tension is 0.75 N, and the maximum power required is 20.5 W. The proposed design is simplified and lightweight, with low energy consumption and flexible spatial motion performance that can meet the requirements of the humanoid robot torso’s application in complex scenarios and commercial requirements.
A Critic of Our Time (1959)
Authors: Wollheim Richard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As is more than evident from the extensive introduction to his works, which Wollheim wrote (see ‘The Image in Form’, Chapter 10 in this volume), Adrian Stokes (1902–1972) wholeheartedly adopted the psychoanalytic method—influenced by the pioneering theories of Melanie Klein (1882–1960), who was also his therapist—in order to probe the origins of artistic activity. Here the more narrow focus is Greek Culture and the Ego, which Stokes published in 1958. Wollheim’s lucid explanation of Klein’s theory helps understand Stokes’s parallel between the phases of making art and the infant’s complex apprehension or construction of a world of objects. The practice of art is akin to the infant’s emotional reconciliation with primordial destructive impulses. Ancient Greek statuary and Greek culture altogether, the book contends and Wollheim brilliantly explains, mirror the steps of the infant’s successional phases.
Danto’s Gallery of Indiscernibles (1993)
Authors: Wollheim Richard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Arthur Danto (1924–2013) famously founded his wide-ranging and paradigm-busting theory of art substantially on the conclusions drawn from thought-experiments. They involved various pairs of apparently indiscernible objects which differ either in artistic meaning, or in that one is a work of art and the other is not. Wollheim—in a contribution to a volume of essays about Danto—is not unimpressed with Danto generally but he is not impressed with this move. The thought-experiments have a fault they often have in philosophy, namely that of extrapolating from a few cases considered in abstract to the general case. The use of indiscernibility connects with the question of whether perception can be cognitively penetrated. Danto—naming support from Jerry Fodor (1935–2017) and others in philosophy of mind—thinks that it cannot be. Wollheim points out that the relevant issue is not whether basic perception is cognitively penetrable, but whether one’s experience of a work of art can be affected by beliefs. Wollheim, needless to say, thinks that it can be.
Art, Interpretation, and the Creative Process (1984)
Authors: Wollheim Richard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Experts on Wollheim will recognize not only that the argument echoes the slightly earlier ‘Criticism as Retrieval’. The target is what he calls the ‘popular thesis’ of criticism as scrutiny, which has its recognizable precursor in (a certain reading of) Kant but with distinctive modern manifestations in the ‘New Theory’ of literary criticism—especially as intended for art generally as in Wimsatt and Beardsley—and in certain variants of formalism or modernism such as those of Roger Fry or Clement Greenberg. The thesis is simple: that the artistic meaning of a work of art is confined to what is available to perception of the work alone—to the perception of one who approaches the work with a ‘beginner’s mind’, free of preconceptions or knowledge. The problem is that of the ‘cognitive stock’: the spectator’s cognitive resources cannot be null, but how substantial must they be? Wollheim argues that there is no non-arbitrary place to draw the line. Scrutiny must give way to ‘retrieval’, which grants that artistic meaning must be experiential, but the experience may presuppose non-trivial knowledge of history, conventions, style, genre, the artist, and the artist’s work.