bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscope-enhanced fluorescence-guided microsurgery increases survival in patients with glioblastoma
Authors: Bettag Christoph , Schatlo Bawarjan , Abboud Tammam , Behme Daniel , Bock Christoph , von der Brelie Christian , Rohde Veit , Mielke Dorothee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Extent of resection (EOR) predicts progression-free survival (PFS) and may impact overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma. We recently demonstrated that 5-aminolevulinic acid-(5-ALA)-fluorescence-enhanced endoscopic surgery increase the rate of gross total resection. However, it is hitherto unknown whether fluorescence-enhanced endoscopic resection affects survival.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective single-center analysis of a consecutive series of patients who underwent surgery for non-eloquently located glioblastoma between 2011 and 2018. All patients underwent fluorescence-guided microscopic or fluorescence-guided combined microscopic and endoscopic resection. PFS, OS, EOR as well as clinical and demographic parameters, adjuvant treatment modalities, and molecular characteristics were compared between microscopy-only vs. endoscopy-assisted microsurgical resection.

Results
Out of 114 patients, 73 (65%) were male, and 57 (50%) were older than 65 years. Twenty patients (18%) were operated on using additional endoscopic assistance. Both cohorts were equally distributed in terms of age, performance status, lesion location, adjuvant treatment modalities, and molecular status. Gross total resection was achieved in all endoscopy-assisted patients compared to about three-quarters of microscope-only patients (100% vs. 75.9%, p=0.003). The PFS in the endoscope-assisted cohort was 19.3 months (CI95% 10.8–27.7) vs. 10.8 months (CI95% 8.2–13.4; p=0.012) in the microscope-only cohort. OS in the endoscope-assisted group was 28.9 months (CI95% 20.4–34.1) compared to 16.8 months (CI95% 14.0–20.9), in the microscope-only group (p=0.001).

Conclusion
Endoscope-assisted fluorescence-guided resection of glioblastoma appears to substantially enhance gross total resection and OS. The strong effect size observed herein is contrasted by the limitations in study design. Therefore, prospective validation is required before we can generalize our findings.
RAO-based translation process for estimating extreme value distribution of nonlinear ship response in irregular waves
Authors: Matsui Sadaoki , Oka Masayoshi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe authors propose a new method named the RAO-based Translation Process (RTP) method for simply estimating the extreme value distribution of the nonlinear ship response in irregular waves based on the nonlinear response in regular waves. The proposed method combines the existing idea of the Nonlinear Correction (NLC) method, which is based on wave height-dependent RAO, with the theory of the translation process, and thus has both simplicity and a clear theoretical background. Furthermore, it is positioned as an extension of the Equivalent Design Wave (EDW) method used in conventional ship structural design. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed through a numerical study on the extreme value distribution of hull-girder sectional forces considering body nonlinear effects. The proposed method can be used for various purposes, and in particular, it can reduce the computational demand for strength evaluation by Direct Load and Structure Analysis (DLSA), which is a computationally extensive analysis method. Therefore, the proposed method is expected to make a significant contribution to structural design.
Why has farming in Europe changed? A farmers’ perspective on the development since the 1960s
Authors: Mohr Franziska , Diogo Vasco , Helfenstein Julian , Debonne Niels , Dimopoulos Thymios , Dramstad Wenche , García-Martín Maria , Hernik Józef , Herzog Felix , Kizos Thanasis , Lausch Angela , Lehmann Livia , Levers Christian , Pazur Robert , Ruiz-Aragón Virginia , Swart Rebecca , Thenail Claudine , Ulfeng Hege , Verburg Peter H. , Williams Tim , Zarina Anita , Bürgi Matthias 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFarming in Europe has been the scene of several important socio-economic and environmental developments and crises throughout the last century. Therefore, an understanding of the historical driving forces of farm change helps identifying potentials for navigating future pathways of agricultural development. However, long-term driving forces have so far been studied, e.g. in anecdotal local case studies or in systematic literature reviews, which often lack context dependency. In this study, we bridged local and continental scales by conducting 123 oral history interviews (OHIs) with elderly farmers across 13 study sites in 10 European countries. We applied a driving forces framework to systematically analyse the OHIs. We find that the most prevalent driving forces were the introduction of new technologies, developments in agricultural markets that pushed farmers for farm size enlargement and technological optimisation, agricultural policies, but also cultural aspects such as cooperation and intergenerational arrangements. However, we find considerable heterogeneity in the specific influence of individual driving forces across the study sites, implying that generic assumptions about the dynamics and impacts of European agricultural change drivers hold limited explanatory power on the local scale. Our results suggest that site-specific factors and their historical development will need to be considered when addressing the future of agriculture in Europe in a scientific or policy context.
Ecological advantage of polarized light pollution: positive effect of a dark lake patch at a canal inflow on habitat of non-biting midges
Authors: Egri Ádám , Pereszlényi Ádám , Szekeres József , Száz Dénes , Horváth Gábor , Kriska György 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDark artificial surfaces reflecting highly and horizontally polarized light usually have negative effects on polarotactic aquatic insects detecting their habitats by the horizontal polarization of water-reflected light. This ecologically disadvantageous phenomenon is called polarized light pollution. We have observed that the water between the concrete walls of a harbour of the Hungarian Lake Balaton is continuously dark from autumn to spring due to the inflow of a canal rich in dissolved humic substances. Using ground-born imaging polarimetry, we demonstrated that this dark water patch reflects light with higher degrees of polarization than the brighter lake water. Our hypothesis was that the stronger horizontally polarized light reflected from the dark water patch is more attractive to swarming, water-seeking and egg-laying non-biting midges (Chironomidae) than the surrounding brighter lake water. With larval samplings, we showed that both the density and the average size of chironomid larvae were significantly larger in the harbour than in the surrounding lake. This finding may represent an ecological advantage of polarized light pollution: polarotactic chironomids are intensely attracted to a strongly and horizontally polarizing, seasonally dark water patch at the canal inflow, where the abundance of larvae increases. It should be taken into consideration that increased larval abundance might result in increased swarming intensity which could affect humans by causing considerable nuisance.
To wrap or not to wrap? A study of how long words are split when reflowed on magnified web pages
Authors: Sandnes Frode Eika 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMany low-vision users adjust the browser zoom level to make text more comfortable to read. Responsive websites attempt to fit the content within the viewport width, but several types of problems can potentially occur; long words may be wider than the viewport and thus partially hidden, they may cause large vertical space breaks, and words may be unnecessarily split or incorrectly split. This study set out to get insight into such word wrapping problems on responsive web pages. To help identify word wrapping issues, the tool HYPHERSPACE was developed. Experiments run on 91 websites suggest that hyphenation-related problems are prevalent. Excessive wrapping of words and overflowing words were the most notable problem on about 90% of the websites. One implication of this study is that web designers need to explicitly design for narrow viewports. The proposed tool can help web designers identify hyphenation problems on responsive web pages viewed with high magnification.
A comparative study of inter-regional and intra-industry disparities
Authors: Pal Samidh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the inter-regional intra-industry disparity within selected Indian manufacturing industries and industrial states. The study uses three measures—the Output-Capital Ratio, the Capital-Labor Ratio, and the Output-Labor Ratio—to critically evaluate the level of disparity in average efficiency of labor and capital, as well as capital intensity. Additionally, the paper compares the rate of disparity of per capita income between six major industrial states. The study finds that underutilization of capacity is driven by an unequal distribution of high-skilled labor supply and upgraded technologies. To address these disparities, the paper suggests that policymakers campaign for labor training and technology promotion schemes throughout all regions of India. By doing so, the study argues, the country can reduce regional inequality and improve economic outcomes for all.
Double Negation as Minimal Negation
Authors: Niki Satoru 
Published: November 2023

AbstractN. Kamide introduced a pair of classical and constructive logics, each with a peculiar type of negation: its double negation behaves as classical and intuitionistic negation, respectively. A consequence of this is that the systems prove contradictions but are non-trivial. The present paper aims at giving insights into this phenomenon by investigating subsystems of Kamide’s logics, with a focus on a system in which the double negation behaves as the negation of minimal logic. We establish the negation inconsistency of the system and embeddability of contradictions from other systems. In addition, we attempt at an informational interpretation of the negation using the dimathematical framework of H. Wansing.
Chicory stimulates companion legume species to fix more biological nitrogen
Authors: Gardner Matthew J. , Condon Jason R. , Peoples Mark B. , Conyers Mark K. , Dear Brian S. , Li Guangdi D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Chicory (Cichorium intybus) scavenges more soil mineral nitrogen (N) than perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). A glasshouse study was conducted to test whether (a) the percentage of N derived from the atmosphere (%Ndfa) by a companion legume differs when grown with chicory or perennial ryegrass, and (b) there is an optimal ratio of non-legume:legume in a pasture mix that maximises biological N2 fixation.

Methods
Chicory or perennial ryegrass was grown as a monoculture, or in a mixture with either lucerne (alfalfa, Medicago sativa) or subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) at 25:75, 50:50 or 75:25 ratio (non-legume:legume based on plant numbers). Monocultures of lucerne and subterranean clover were included as controls.

Results
All treatments containing chicory extracted more mineral N from the soil than corresponding treatments containing perennial ryegrass. Subterranean clover %Ndfa was greater than lucerne. Combining lucerne with chicory in a 50:50 or 75:25 mixture increased the efficiency of N2 fixation by > 20%. Growing chicory with subterranean clover in mixtures of 50:50 or 75:25 resulted in the highest %Ndfa for growth among all treatments (P < 0.05). However, the amounts of N2 fixed by subterranean clover in the perennial ryegrass-subterranean clover mixture were similar to those in the chicory-subterranean clover mixture since dry matter accumulation from subterranean clover was higher when grown with perennial ryegrass.

Conclusion
The %Ndfa of legumes was greater when grown with chicory than perennial ryegrass. Chicory mixed with subterranean clover or lucerne in 50:50 ratios provided the optimum balance between legume dry matter yield and N2 fixation.
Mapping hailstorm damage on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using a microscale UAV hyperspectral approach
Authors: Furlanetto Jacopo , Dal Ferro Nicola , Caceffo Daniele , Morari Francesco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHailstorms pose a direct threat to agriculture, often causing yield losses and worsening farmers’ agricultural activity. Traditional methods of hail damage estimation, conducted by insurance field inspectors, have been questioned due to their complexity, partial subjectivity, and lack of accounting for spatial variability. Therefore, remote sensing integration in the estimation process could provide a valuable aid. The focus of this study was on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its response to damage in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region, with a particular emphasis on the study of brown pigments as a proxy for yield damage estimation and mapping. An experiment was conducted during two cropping seasons (2020–2021 and 2021–2022) at two sites, simulating hail damage at critical flowering and milky stages using a specifically designed prototype machinery with low, medium, and high damage gradients compared to undamaged conditions in plots with a minimum of 400 m2 area. After the damage simulation, hyperspectral visible-NIR reflectance was measured with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) flights, and measurements of chlorophyll and of leaf area index (LAI) were contextually taken. Final yield per treatment was recorded using a combine. An increase in absorbance in the NIR region (780–950 nm) was observed and evaluated using a spectral mixture analysis (SMA) after selecting representative damaged and undamaged vegetation spectra to map the damage. The abundance of damaged endmember pixels per treatment resulted in a good relationship with the final yield (R2 = 0.73), identifying the most damaged areas. The absorbance feature was further analysed with a newly designed multispectral index (TAI), which was tested against a selection of indices and resulted in the highest relationship with the final yield (R2 = 0.64). Both approaches were effective in highlighting the absorbance feature over different dates and development stages, defining an effective mean for hailstorm damage mapping in winter wheat.
The role of first-language heterogeneity in the acquisition of online interaction self-efficacy in CSCL
Authors: Reich-Stiebert Natalia , Voltmer Jan-Bennet , Raimann Jennifer , Stürmer Stefan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe acquisition of online interaction competencies is an important learning objective. The present study explored the relationships between the first-language heterogeneity of computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) groups and the development of students’ online interaction self-efficacy via a pretest–posttest design in the context of a nine-week CSCL course. The research participants were 1525 freshmen receiving distance education who were randomly assigned to 343 CSCL groups. Independent of their own language status, students in CSCL groups featuring first-language heterogeneity exhibited lower precourse–postcourse gains in online interaction self-efficacy than students in groups without heterogeneity. Consistent with a theoretically derived moderation model, the relationships between first-language heterogeneity and self-efficacy gains were moderated by the amount of time that the groups spent on task-related communication during the initial collaboration phase (i.e., the relationships were significant when little time was spent on it but not when a great deal of time was spent on it). In contrast, the amount of time that groups spent on communication related to getting to know each other was ineffective as a significant moderator. Follow-up analyses indicated that time spent getting to know each other in first-language heterogeneous CSCL groups seems to have had the paradoxical effect of increasing rather than decreasing perceptions of heterogeneity among group members. Apparently, this effect impaired online interaction self-efficacy gains.
Simulation of a Sensitive Mid-infrared (MIR) D-Shaped Optical Fiber Water Pollutant Sensor
Authors: Younis B. M. , Dawood Nada Yazeed M. , Abd-Elkader Ahmed El-Sayed , Furniss David , Farries Mark , Phang Sendy , Benson Trevor M. , Seddon Angela B. , Hameed Mohamed Farhat O. , Obayya S. S. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work, an efficient optical sensor is proposed for the sensitive detection of various pollutants in water. The suggested optical sensor is based on an indium fluoride (InF3) glass fabricated as a D-shaped optical fiber. The polished surface of the D-shaped fiber is coated with a gold grating to induce the surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The SPR depends on the optical properties of the polluted water analyte in physical contact with the grating. The proposed optical SPR fiber sensor operates within the mid-infrared (MIR) range (3000–4500 nm) to detect any slight change in the water refractive index (RI) due to any pollutants. The full vectorial finite element method (FVFEM) is utilized to calculate the modal properties of the reported sensor. High sensor sensitivity of 17,834 nm/RIU (refractive index units) is achieved for the detection of dissolution of nitric acid (HNO3) in water at a concentration of 14% v/v (volume/volume). Additionally, the reported sensor detects the dissolution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in water investigated at concentrations of 15% v/v and 30% v/v, with sensitivities of 12,308 nm/RIU and 17,143 nm/RIU, respectively. Further, suspending polystyrene beads of diameter 0.1 μm in the water at a concentration of 10% v/v gives a maximum sensitivity of 5333 nm/RIU. Therefore, the proposed sensor provides a promising approach for the detection of water pollutants in the MIR wavelength regime, rather than the weaker response in the near infrared.
HFRAS: design of a high-density feature representation model for effective augmentation of satellite images
Authors: Saini Dipen , Garg Rachit , Malik Rahul , Prashar Deepak , Faheem M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEfficiently extracting features from satellite images is crucial for classification and post-processing activities. Many feature representation models have been created for this purpose. However, most of them either increase computational complexity or decrease classification efficiency. The proposed model in this paper initially collects a set of available satellite images and represents them via a hybrid of long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) features. These features are processed via an iterative genetic algorithm, identifying optimal augmentation methods for the extracted feature sets. To analyse the efficiency of this optimization process, we model an iterative fitness function that assists in incrementally improving the classification process. The fitness function uses an accuracy & precision-based feedback mechanism, which helps in tuning the hyperparameters of the proposed LSTM & GRU feature extraction process. The suggested model used 100 k images, 60% allocated for training and 20% each designated for validation and testing purposes. The proposed model can increase classification precision by 16.1% and accuracy by 17.1% compared to conventional augmentation strategies. The model also showcased incremental accuracy enhancements for an increasing number of training image sets.
Hydrogen-Mediated Photoelectrocatalysis with Nickel-Modified Poly(Heptazine Imides)
Authors: Blaskievicz Sirlon F. , Teixeira Ivo F. , Mascaro Lucia H. , Carta Mariolino , McKeown Neil B. , Zhao Yuanzhu , Marken Frank 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolymeric carbon nitrides (C3N4) are photochemically active organic semiconductors that can be produced in a wide range of structural types. Here, a poly-(heptazine imide) containing nickel single atoms (Ni-PHI) is employed for photochemical hydrogen production and is compared to the non-nickel-doped semiconductor. Film deposits are formed on a platinum disk electrode (to detect hydrogen) and a coating of the molecularly rigid polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-1 is applied to (i) mechanically stabilize the photo-catalyst film without impeding photocatalysis and (ii) assist in the interfacial hydrogen capture/oxygen suppression process. In the presence of hole quenchers such as methanol or ethanol, anodic photocurrents linked to hydrogen production/oxidation are observed. A comparison with an experiment on glassy carbon confirms the formation of interfacial hydrogen as a mediator. The effects of hole quencher concentration are evaluated. The system Pt/Ni-PHI/PIM-1 is employed in a single-compartment photo-fuel cell.
Graphical Abstract
On spaces with a $$\pi $$-base with elements with compact closure
Authors: Bella Angelo , Carlson Nathan , Gotchev Ivan S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper we show that if X is a $$T_1$$

T
1

-space with a $$\pi $$
π
-base whose elements have compact closure, then $$d(X)\le c(X)\cdot 2^{\psi (X)}$$

d

(
X
)

≤
c

(
X
)

·

2

ψ
(
X
)

and therefore, for such spaces we have $$d(X)^{\psi (X)} = c(X)^{\psi (X)}$$

d

(
X
)

ψ
(
X
)

=
c

(
X
)

ψ
(
X
)

. This result allows us to restate several known upper bounds of the cardinality of a Hausdorff space X by replacing in them d(X) with c(X). In addition, we show that for such spaces X Šapirovskiĭ’s inequality $$d(X)\le \pi \chi (X)^{c(X)}$$

d

(
X
)

≤
π
χ

(
X
)

c
(
X
)

, which is known to be true for regular Hausdorff spaces, is also valid. In the case when the space X is in addition sequential or radial, we show that $$|X|\le 2^{c(X)}$$

|
X
|

≤

2

c
(
X
)

. This result extends two theorems of Arhangel$$'$$

′

skiĭ to the class of Hausdorff spaces with a $$\pi $$
π
-base whose elements have compact closures. We also show that spaces with a $$\pi $$
π
-base with elements with compact closures are $$\alpha $$
α
-favorable in the Banach–Mazur game, which implies such spaces are Baire. It was shown in Bella et al. (Quaest Math 46(4):745–760, 2023) that if a Hausdorff space X has a $$\pi $$
π
-base consisting of elements with compact closure, then $$|X|\le 2^{wL(X)t(X)\psi _c(X)}$$

|
X
|

≤

2

w
L

(
X
)

t

(
X
)

ψ
c

(
X
)

. We give a variation of this result by showing $$|X|\le \pi \chi (X)^{wL(X)\textrm{ot}(X)\psi _c(X)}$$

|
X
|

≤
π
χ

(
X
)

w
L

(
X
)

ot

(
X
)

ψ
c

(
X
)

for such a space X. Note that since $$wL(X)\textrm{ot}(X)\le c(X)$$

w
L
(
X
)
ot
(
X
)
≤
c
(
X
)

, this result is at least as good as that given by Sun (Proc Am Math Soc 104:313–316, 1988). We also give a possible improvement of the bound in Bella et al. (2023) by showing that $$|X|\le 2^{wL(X)wt(X)\psi _c(X)}$$

|
X
|

≤

2

w
L

(
X
)

w
t

(
X
)

ψ
c

(
X
)

for a Hausdorff space X with a $$\pi $$
π
-base consisting of elements with compact closure. This uses the weak tightness wt(X) defined in Carlson (Topol Appl 249:103–111, 2018), which has the property $$\textrm{ot}(X)\le wt(X)\le t(X)$$

ot
(
X
)
≤
w
t
(
X
)
≤
t
(
X
)

. We also show that if X is a Hausdorff homogeneous space with a $$\pi $$
π
-base consisting of elements with compact closure (such spaces are locally compact), then $$|X|\le wL(X)^{wt(X)\pi \chi (X)}$$

|
X
|

≤
w
L

(
X
)

w
t
(
X
)
π
χ
(
X
)

. This generalizes the result in Bella and Carlson (Monatsh Math 192(1):39–48, 2020) that if X is a homogeneous compactum, then $$|X|\le 2^{wt(X)\pi \chi (X)}$$

|
X
|

≤

2

w
t
(
X
)
π
χ
(
X
)

.