bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the evolution of structure growth in the universe with field-fluid interactions through dynamical stability analysis
Authors: Chatterjee Anirban , Bandyopadhyay Abhijit , Majumdar Debasish 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate an interacting quintessence dark energy – dark matter scenario and its impact on structure formation by analyzing the evolution of scalar perturbations. The interaction is introduced by incorporating a non-zero source term into the continuity equations of the two sectors (with opposite signs), modeled as

$$\bar{Q}_0 \equiv \alpha \bar{\rho }_\textrm{m}(H + \kappa \dot{\phi })$$

Q

¯

0

≡
α

ρ

¯

m

(
H
+
κ

ϕ
˙

)

. The coupling parameter

$$\alpha $$

α

and the parameter

$$\lambda $$

λ

involved in quintessence potential

$$V(\phi ) = V_0e^{-\lambda \kappa \phi }$$

V

(
ϕ
)

=

V
0

e

-
λ
κ
ϕ

, play crucial roles in governing the dynamics of evolution examined within the present framework. The cosmic evolution, within this context, is depicted as a first-order autonomous system of equations involving appropriately chosen dynamical variables. We analyzed the associated stability characteristics and growth rate of perturbations, and obtained domains in the (

$$\alpha -\lambda $$

α
-
λ

) parameter space for which fixed points can exhibit stable and non-phantom accelerating solutions. Depending on its magnitude, the coupling parameter

$$\alpha $$

α

has the potential to change the characteristics of certain critical points, altering them from attractors to repellers. This model effectively captures the evolutionary features of the universe across its various phases at both the background and perturbation levels. The issue of cosmic coincidence can also be addressed within the framework of this model. We also observed that for a moderate strength of coupling, the growth rate of matter perturbation extends into the distant future.
The ExaNeSt Prototype: Evaluation of Efficient HPC Communication Hardware in an ARM-based Multi-FPGA Rack
Authors: Ploumidis Manolis , Chaix Fabien , Chrysos Nikolaos , Assiminakis Marios , Kallimanis Nikolaos , Kossifidis Nikolaos , Nikoloudakis Mickael , Dimou Nikolaos , Gianioudis Michalis , Ieronymakis George , Ioannou Aggelos , Kalokerinos George , Xirouchakis Pantelis , Damianakis Astrinos , Ligerakis Mickael , Vavouris Theocharis , Katevenis Manolis , Papaefstathiou Vassilis , Marazakis Manolis , Mavroidis Iakovos 
Published: February 2025

We present and evaluate the ExaNeSt Prototype, which compactly packages 128 Xilinx ZU9EG MPSoCs, 2 TBytes of DRAM, and 8 TBytes of SSD into a liquid-cooled rack, using a custom interconnection hardware based on 10 Gbps links. We developed this testbed in 2016-2019 in order to leverage the flexibility of FPGAs for experimenting with efficient hardware support for HPC communication among tens of thousands of processors and accelerators in the quest towards Exascale systems and beyond. In the years since then, we carefully studied this system, and we present our key design choices and insights resulting from our measurement and analysis.
We developed this testbed, from architecture to the PCBs and the runtime software, within the ExaNeSt project. It is fully operational in configurations with up to 8x4x4 MPSoC nodes. It achieves high density through tight board design, while also leveraging state-of-the-art liquid cooling technology. In this paper, we present a thorough architectural analysis, along with important aspects of our infrastructure development. Our custom interconnect includes a low-cost low-latency network interface, offering user-level, zero-copy RDMA, which we coupled with the ARMv8 processors in the MPSoCs. We further developed the corresponding runtimes that allow us to test real MPI applications on the large-scale testbed.

We evaluated our platform through MPI microbenchmarks, mini, and full MPI applications. Single hop, one way latency is

\(1.3\)

\(\mu\)

s; approximately

\(0.47\)

\(\mu\)

s out of these are attributed to network interface and the user-space library that exposes its functionality to the runtime. Latency over longer paths increases as expected, reaching

\(2.55\)

\(\mu\)

s for a five-hop path. Bandwidth tests show that, for single hop, link utilization reaches

\(82\%\)

of the theoretical capacity. Microbenchmarks based on MPI collectives reveal that broadcast latency scales as expected when the number of participating ranks increases. We also implemented a custom MPI_Allreduce accelerator in the network interface, which reduces the latency of such collectives by up to

\(88\%\)

. We assess performance scaling through weak and strong scaling tests for HPCG, LAMMPS, and the miniFE mini application; for all these tests, parallelization efficiency is at least

\(69\%\)

, or better.
Preoperative Hemoglobin Level Predicts Surgical Site Infections in Trauma Orthopedic Surgery: A Cohort Study
Authors: Walana Williams , Gyilbagr Fredrick , Buunaaim Alexis D. B. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Surgical site infections resulting from trauma orthopedic surgery increase morbidity and mortality rates and generate additional costs for the healthcare system. Preoperative and postoperative blood parameters have been described as risk predictors for surgical site infection in other surgical areas. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of preoperative and postoperative hematological parameters in predicting the risk of surgical site infections in trauma orthopedic surgery.Methods: Data on patients’ demographics were collected from their medical records and the operation reports. Preoperative and postoperative blood samples were collected for a complete blood count assay. The blood cell parameters as predictors of surgical site infection after trauma orthopedic surgery were determined by the Mann–Whitney U test to assess the differences in the median between the dependent and independent variables. p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of the 210 patients who were followed postsurgery, 14 (6.7%) developed surgical site infection following trauma orthopedic surgery. The mean age of the study participants was 33.08 ± 19.23 (Mean ± SD), with a range of 86 to 0.67 years old. Low preoperative hemoglobin level was identified as a predictor of surgical site infection following trauma orthopedic surgery (p = 0.019). None of the postoperative blood parameters measured was significantly associated with surgical site infections after trauma orthopedic surgery in Northern Ghana.Conclusion: In conclusion, our study demonstrates that preoperative hemoglobin level is a useful hematological parameter for predicting surgical site infection following trauma orthopedic surgery. These inexpensive and common hematological parameters could assist in guiding preventive efforts to reduce surgical site infections and improve outcomes for vulnerable patients undergoing trauma orthopedic surgery. Assessing preoperative hemoglobin levels is crucial in identifying patients at increased risk of developing surgical site infections. Preoperative optimization, including incorporating hemoglobin levels into predictive risk models can help to assess these at‐risk persons better. Educate patients on the need to optimize their hemoglobin levels before surgery and discuss potential interventions, including iron supplementation or transfusion.
Characterization of an Enhancer RNA Signature Reveals Treatment Strategies for Improving Immunotherapy Efficacy in Cancer
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Chen Yan-Yan , Chen Shuyu , Wang Yunzhe , Yuan Yifan , Yang Xiwen , Hu Wei , Chen Bo , Qi Zengxin , Huse Jason T. , Liu Yun , Wen Bo , Liu Xiuping , Han Leng , Wang Yuxiang , Zhang Zhao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Non-coding RNA transcribed from active enhancers, known as enhancer RNA (eRNA), is a critical element in gene regulation with a highly specific expression pattern in the regulatory networks of tumor-infiltrating cells. Therefore, eRNA signatures could potentially be applied to represent anti-tumor immune cells and to improve cancer immunotherapy. Herein, we identified thousands of eRNAs that were significantly correlated with infiltrating immune cell abundance in more than 10,000 patient samples across a variety of cancer types. The expression of these eRNAs was mediated by transcription factors with high expression in anti-tumor immune cells, as identified through single-cell assays. An eRNA immunotherapy signature (eRIS) developed using the anti-tumor eRNAs was highly associated with the objective response rate (ORR) of immunotherapy and was elevated in patients who benefited from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment. In comparison with a signature based on protein-coding genes, the eRIS was more effective in predicting the response to immunotherapy. Integration of the eRIS with pharmacogenomic data revealed hundreds of anti-cancer drugs that have the potential to enhance immunotherapy efficacy. Finally, treatment of a mouse model of IDH mutant glioma with the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat improved the effects of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy through increased abundance of infiltrating immune cells. Taken together, this study developed an eRIS with demonstrated efficacy in predicting immunotherapy response and used the eRIS to identify a series of effective combination drugs, thus highlighting the clinical utility of the eRIS in immunotherapy enhancement.
Associations of Lipid-Lowering Drugs With Blood Pressure and Fasting Glucose: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Song Beiping , Sun Lulu , Qin Xiaoli , Fei Jiawen , Yu Quan , Chang Xinyue , He Yu , Liu Yi , Shi Mengyao , Guo Daoxia , Shen Ouxi , Zhu Zhengbao 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Observational studies have linked LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol)-lowering drugs with lower blood pressure (BP) and higher fasting glucose, but the causality remains unclear. We conducted a drug target Mendelian randomization study to assess the causal associations of genetically proxied inhibition of HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase), PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9), and NPC1L1 (Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1) with BP and fasting glucose.

METHODS:

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in
HMGCR
,
NPC1L1
, and
PCSK9
associated with LDL-C in a genome-wide association study meta-analysis from the Global Lipid Genetics Consortium (173 082 European individuals) were used to proxy LDL-C-lowering drug targets. BP and fasting glucose data were obtained from genome-wide association studies conducted by the International Consortium of Blood Pressure (757 601 European participants) and the Glucose and Insulin-related Traits Consortium (58 074 European participants). We used the inverse-variance weighted method and a series of sensitivity analyses for assessment.

RESULTS:

Genetically proxied inhibition of HMGCR was negatively associated with systolic BP (β, −0.81 [95% CI, −1.26 to −0.37 mm Hg];
P
=3.72×10
−
4
) and diastolic BP (β, −1.58 [95% CI, −2.24 to −0.91 mm Hg];
P
=3.23×10
−
6
). Conversely, we observed a positive association between genetically proxied inhibition of HMGCR and high fasting glucose (β, 0.13 [95% CI, 0.08–0.17 mmol/L];
P
=4.25×10
−
8
). However, there was no association of PCSK9 and NPC1L1 inhibition with BP or fasting glucose.

CONCLUSIONS:
Genetically proxied inhibition of HMGCR was significantly associated with low BP and high fasting glucose, while there was no effect of PCSK9 and NPC1L1 inhibition on BP or fasting glucose.
Central Interaction of 2-Methoxyestradiol and Lipoxygenase in AngII-Hypertension
Authors: Dutta Shubha R. , Singh Purnima , Song Chi Young , Shin Ji Soo , Malik Kafait U. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Our previous findings that arachidonic acid-12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX)-generated metabolite 12(S)-HETE contributes to angiotensin II (AngII)-induced hypertension and 17β-estradiol protects from AngII-induced hypertension via its cytochrome P450 (CYP)1B1-generated metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in female mice led us to test the hypothesis that 2-methoxyestradiol acts by inhibiting the LOX/12(S)-HETE in the PVN.

METHODS:
AngII was infused subcutaneously by osmotic pumps for 2 weeks in wild-type, LOX-knockout (LOXKO), and CYP1B1KO female mice. The blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff/radiotelemetry. Adenovirus (Ad)-GFP (green fluorescence protein)-LOX-short hairpin (sh)RNA, Ad-GFP-LOX-DNA, 12(S)-HETE, and 2-methoxyestradiol were injected selectively in PVN or intracerebroventricularly. Histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical techniques were used to determine pathophysiological changes caused by various interventions.

RESULTS:
AngII-induced hypertension that was exaggerated in CYP1B1KO compared with wild-type mice was minimized by PVN-LOX knockdown with Ad-LOX-short hairpin RNA and restored by PVN-LOX reconstitution with Ad-LOX-DNA in intact-LOXKO mice and exacerbated in ovariectomized-LOXKO mice. Furthermore, intracerebroventricular-12(S)-HETE restored AngII-induced increases in blood pressure, autonomic impairment, neuroinflammation, and renal pathogenesis in intact-LOXKO mice, which were exacerbated in ovariectomized-LOXKO mice. Intracerebroventricular-2-methoxyestradiol that reduced the LOX expression and 12(S)-HETE content in PVN minimized AngII effects mentioned above in ovariectomized-LOXKO mice transduced intracerebroventricular-Ad-LOX-DNA.

CONCLUSIONS:
These data suggest that 2-methoxyestradiol protects against AngII-induced hypertension and associated pathogenesis, most likely by inhibiting LOX/12(S)-HETE actions in the PVN of female mice. Therefore, the selective LOX inhibitors or 12(S)-HETE receptor antagonists could be useful in treating hypertension and its pathogenesis in postmenopausal, hypoestrogenic women or females with ovarian failure.
Does Corequisite Remediation Work for Everyone? An Exploration of Heterogeneous Effects and Mechanisms
Authors: Ran Florence Xiaotao , Lee Hojung 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The landscape of developmental education has experienced significant shifts over the last decade nationwide, as more than 20 states and higher education systems have transitioned from the traditional prerequisite model to corequisite remediation. Drawing on administrative data from Tennessee community colleges from 2010 to 2020, this study examined the heterogeneous effects of corequisite reform for remediation-eligible students with varying levels of academic preparation. Using difference-in-differences and event study designs, we found that corequisite remediation significantly improved gateway and subsequent college-level course completion for students in all placement test score groups below the college-level threshold. For math, the positive effects on college-level course completion were stronger for higher-scoring remedial students than for those with lower placement test scores, whereas the pattern was reversed for English. However, since the corequisite reform, students requiring remediation were more likely to drop out of the public college system, and those with the lowest scores were less likely to earn short-term certificates.
Indonesian Migrants and the Development of the Halal Tourism Industry in Taiwan
Authors: Setyaningsih Rita Pawestri , Fuady Ahmad Helmy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper examines the pivotal role of Indonesian migrant communities in shaping Taiwan’s halal tourism sector, analysed through a transnationalism lens. Despite Taiwan’s predominantly Buddhist and Taoist culture, the island has become a prominent destination for Muslim travellers, ranking second among non-Organisation of Islamic Cooperation countries in halal tourism. However, the contributions of Indonesian Muslim migrants—comprising workers, students and professionals—remain largely overlooked. This study employs a qualitative approach, including semi-structured interviews with Indonesian migrants, business owners and halal certification experts, complemented by field observations and secondary data. Its findings reveal that Indonesian migrants introduce halal food, bridge cultural gaps between local businesses and Muslim tourists and facilitate the halal certification process. The paper highlights how migrant communities, through transnational networks, contribute to the global exchange of cultural practices, tourism knowledge and business models.
Description of Panagrolaimus hamomucronatus sp. n. (Rhabditida, Panagrolaimidae) from Spain
Authors: Abolafia Joaquín 
Published: February 2025

Summary
A new species of the genus Panagrolaimus, P. hamomucronatus sp. n., is described from oak bark with lichens in the southern Iberian Peninsula. This species is characterised by having body 1.15-1.18 mm long in females and 0.91-1.16 mm long in males, habitus slightly sigmoid after fixation in females and ‘J’-shaped in males, cuticle with transverse striations, lateral fields with three longitudinal incisures, a lip region with six conoid lips ending in a setiform process, amphids rounded to oval, stoma with cheilostom bearing scarcely refringent rhabdia, a gymnostom as long as wide with very refringent rhabdia and stegostom short with well-sclerotised rhabdia, pharynx with pharyngeal corpus subcylindrical (1.6-1.9 times isthmus length) with metacorpus not swollen, nerve ring surrounding the anterior part of the isthmus, excretory pore at isthmus level, deirids at level of the isthmus, female reproductive system monodelphic-prodelphic with ovary without flexures and post-vulval uterine sac 0.6-0.7 times the corresponding body diam. long, rectum 1.3-1.5 times anal body width long, female tail conoid with fishhook-like mucron and phasmids at 73-76% of its length, male reproductive system monorchid with testis ventrally flexioned anteriorly, eight pairs of genital papillae (three precloacal and five postcloacal) with phasmids located posterior to the papilla GP6, spicules with manubrium ventrally bent and lamina with reduced dorsal hump and well-developed ventral velum, and gubernaculum slightly deltoid. Its phylogenetic position is studied based on 18S rDNA. An updated list of species is provided together with a new illustrated key to species identification.
Fictitious Existence versus Nonexistence
Authors: Salmón Nathan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A correct observation to the effect that a does not exist, where ‘a’ is a singular term, could be true on any of a variety of grounds. Typically, a true, singular negative existential is true on the unproblematic ground that the subject term ‘a’ designates something that does not presently exist. More interesting philosophically is a singular, negative existential statement in which the subject term ‘a’ designates nothing at all. Both of these contrast sharply with a singular, negative existential in which the subject term is a name from fiction. I argue that such singular, negative existential statements are false. My account of fictional characters differs significantly from Kripke’s. It is shown that an objection to my account rests on a serious misunderstanding. Finally, a crucial aspect of the account is emphasized.
Evaluating the Trustworthiness of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Methods Applied to Regression Predictions of Arctic Sea Ice Motion
Authors: Hoffman Lauren , Mazloff Matthew R. , Gille Sarah T. , Giglio Donata , Heimbach Patrick 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recent advances in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods show promise for understanding predictions made by machine learning (ML) models. XAI explains how the input features are relevant or important for the model predictions. We train linear regression (LR) and convolutional neural network (CNN) models to make 1-day predictions of sea ice velocity in the Arctic from inputs of present-day wind velocity and previous-day ice velocity and concentration. We apply XAI methods to the CNN and compare explanations to variance explained by LR. We confirm the feasibility of using a novel XAI method [i.e., global layerwise relevance propagation (LRP)] to understand ML model predictions of sea ice motion by comparing it to established techniques. We investigate a suite of linear, perturbation-based, and propagation-based XAI methods in both local and global forms. Outputs from different explainability methods are generally consistent in showing that wind speed is the input feature with the highest contribution to ML predictions of ice motion, and we discuss inconsistencies in the spatial variability of the explanations. Additionally, we show that the CNN relies on both linear and nonlinear relationships between the inputs and uses nonlocal information to make predictions. LRP shows that wind speed over land is highly relevant for predicting ice motion offshore. This provides a framework to show how knowledge of environmental variables (i.e., wind) on land could be useful for predicting other properties (i.e., sea ice velocity) elsewhere.

Significance Statement
Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is useful for understanding predictions made by machine learning models. Our research establishes trustability in a novel implementation of an explainable AI method known as layerwise relevance propagation for Earth science applications. To do this, we provide a comparative evaluation of a suite of explainable AI methods applied to machine learning models that make 1-day predictions of Arctic sea ice velocity. We use explainable AI outputs to understand how the input features are used by the machine learning to predict ice motion. Additionally, we show that a convolutional neural network uses nonlinear and nonlocal information in making its predictions. We take advantage of the nonlocality to investigate the extent to which knowledge of wind on land is useful for predicting sea ice velocity elsewhere.
Evolutionary strategies in live-streaming e-commerce: A four-player game model analysis
Authors: Xiong Yangchun , Chen Baifu 
Published: February 2025

Background: Live-streaming e-commerce has boomed during the COVID-19 pandemic, leveraging short video platforms to fulfill social and shopping needs. However, its development is hampered by issues like misleading advertising by hosts, weak consumer protection, and inadequate platform oversight. Objective: This study aims to address these challenges and propose solutions for a healthy live-streaming e-commerce ecosystem. Methods: A four-player game model is constructed, considering interactions between live-streaming hosts, consumers, platforms, and suppliers. MATLAB is employed to analyze the model and identify optimal strategies for each player. Results: The model demonstrates that government regulation is essential. It incentivizes positive behavior from platforms and hosts while balancing consumer protection with potential misuse of complaint systems. Conclusions: Without government regulation, the live-streaming e-commerce industry cannot develop sustainably. This research highlights the importance of a multifaceted approach, including reducing consumer protection costs and implementing proactive government regulations for both platforms and hosts.