bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A lupin protein hydrolysate protects the central nervous system from oxidative stress in WD‐fed ApoE−/− mice
Authors: Santos‐Sánchez Guillermo , Ponce‐España Eduardo , Álvarez‐López Ana Isabel , Pedroche Justo , Millán‐Linares María del Carmen , Fernández‐Pachón María‐Soledad , Lardone Patricia Judith , Cruz‐Chamorro Ivan , Carrillo‐Vico Antonio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOxidative stress plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Studies indicate the relationship between oxidative stress and the brain damage caused by a high‐fat diet. It is previously found that a lupin protein hydrolysate (LPH) has antioxidant effects on human leukocytes, as well as on the plasma and liver of Western diet (WD)‐fed ApoE−/− mice. Additionally, LPH shows anxiolytic effects in these mice. Given the connection between oxidative stress and anxiety, this study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effects of LPH on the brain of WD‐fed ApoE−/− mice. LPH (100 mg kg−1) or a vehicle is administered daily for 12 weeks. Peptide analysis of LPH identified 101 amino acid sequences (36.33%) with antioxidant motifs. Treatment with LPH palliated the decrease in total antioxidant activity caused by WD ingestion and regulated the nitric oxide synthesis pathway in the brain of the animals. Furthermore, LPH increased cerebral glutathione levels and the activity of catalase and glutathione reductase antioxidant enzymes and reduced the 8‐hydroxy‐2’‐deoxyguanosine levels, a DNA damage marker. These findings, for the first time, highlight the antioxidant activity of LPH in the brain. This hydrolysate could potentially be used in future nutraceutical therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Topology observing 3D device reconstruction from continuous‐sweep limited angle fluoroscopy
Authors: Wagner Martin G. , Kutlu Ayca Z. , Davis Brian , Raval Amish N. , Laeseke Paul F. , Speidel Michael A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive procedures usually require navigating a microcatheter and guidewire through endoluminal structures such as blood vessels and airways to sites of the disease. For numerous clinical applications, two‐dimensional (2D) fluoroscopy is the primary modality used for real‐time image guidance during navigation. However, 2D imaging can pose challenges for navigation in complex structures. Real‐time 3D visualization of devices within the anatomic context could provide considerable benefits for these procedures. Continuous‐sweep limited angle (CLA) fluoroscopy has recently been proposed to provide a compromise between conventional rotational 3D acquisitions and real‐time fluoroscopy.PurposeThe purpose of this work was to develop and evaluate a noniterative 3D device reconstruction approach for CLA fluoroscopy acquisitions, which takes into account endoluminal topology to avoid impossible paths between disconnected branches.MethodsThe algorithm relies on a static 3D roadmap (RM) of vessels or airways, which may be generated from conventional cone beam CT (CBCT) acquisitions prior to navigation. The RM is converted to a graph representation describing its topology. During catheter navigation, the device is segmented from the live 2D projection images using a deep learning approach from which the centerlines are extracted. Rays from the focal spot to detector pixels representing 2D device points are identified and intersections with the RM are computed. Based on the RM graph, a subset of line segments is selected as candidates to exclude device paths through disconnected branches of the RM. Depth localization for each point along the device is then performed by finding the point closest to the previous 3D reconstruction along the candidate segments. This process is repeated as the projection angle changes for each CLA image frame. The approach was evaluated in a phantom study in which a catheter and guidewire were navigated along five pathways within a complex vessel phantom. The result was compared to static cCBCT acquisitions of the device in the final position.ResultsThe average root mean squared 3D distance between CLA reconstruction and reference centerline was mm. The Euclidean distance at the device tip was mm. The correct pathway was identified during reconstruction in of frames (). The percentage of 3D device points reconstructed inside the 3D roadmap was with an average distance of mm between the device points outside the roadmap and the nearest point within the roadmap.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the feasibility of reconstructing curvilinear devices such as catheters and guidewires during endoluminal procedures including intravascular and transbronchial interventions using a noniterative reconstruction approach for CLA fluoroscopy. This approach could improve device navigation in cases where the structure of vessels or airways is complex and includes overlapping branches.
Study on the wear characteristics of carbon fiber yarns under the influence of multifactor coupling on braiding carriers
Authors: Ye Yinping , Chi Xinfu , Peng Yongqin , Sun Zhijun , Ji Chengchang , Sun Yize 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReducing the wear of carbon fibers on braiding carriers is the key to manufacturing high‐performance carbon fiber composite prefabricated parts. In this study, a new analytical model is developed to describe the local friction behavior of yarns on braiding carriers. The degree of yarn wear is characterized by calculating the gray value of carbon fiber hairiness and observing the micro‐surface morphology of carbon fibers. The wear characteristics of carbon fiber yarns under the multi‐factor coupling influences of yarn tension, unwinding speed, and guiding element characteristics were considered. The results show that increases in unwinding angle and unwinding speed both increase the wear of carbon fiber yarns. Eliminating the effect of unwinding angle can reduce the yarn hairiness by more than 60%, alleviate the yarn tension fluctuation by more than 70%, and improve the yarn tension stability by more than 75%. Meanwhile, the relationship between the wrapping angle between the yarn and the yarn bobbin, the unwinding angle, and the yarn tension was established according to the Capstan Equation. A method is proposed to improve the characteristics and spatial position of the guiding elements to obtain more intact yarn and low‐damage yarn surfaces.Highlights
A new analytical model for local friction of carbon fibers is developed.
The friction‐wear‐fracture mechanism of carbon fiber yarns is constructed.
Characterize the degree of yarn wear from a macro and micro perspective.
Wear characteristics of carbon fiber yarns under multi‐factor coupling.
Regulation Mechanism of Ash Fusion of Iron‐Rich Coal in Xinjiang with Different Additives
Authors: Lv Junxin , Zhang Jiansheng , Wang Yonggang , Lin Xiongchao , Liao Changlin , Liu Xianghui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo realize the high‐efficiency utilization of iron‐rich coal (ZC), it is necessary to conduct in‐depth research on its ash fusion characteristics and regulation mechanism. In this paper, the fusion temperature test of ZC coal ash was first carried out in a weak reducing atmosphere, and diatomite (GZT) and Naomaohu high‐calcium coal (NMH) were selected as additives. The results show that the four characteristic temperatures of ZC coal ash are all low under weak reducing conditions. The addition of NMH ash lowered the fusion temperature of ZC coal ash, while the GZT ash increased the fusion temperature to varying degrees. When the addition ratio of NMH ash is less than 40 %, the effect of increasing the difference between the deformation temperature and flow temperature of ZC coal ash is still positive. The addition of NMH ash made the slag system generate a high content of calcium‐magnesium feldspar and calcium‐iron feldspar, decreasing the fusion temperature of the blended coal ash. The addition of GZT ash increased the content of SiO2 in the slag system and promoted the increase of the iron‐pyroxene content, and the formation of the iron‐aluminum pyroxene and cordierite mineral phases, thereby increasing the coal ash fusion temperature.
Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Remediation of Carcinogenic Anthracene and Phenanthrene by green Synthesized N‐doped Prussian blue Analogues
Authors: Rani Manviri , Choudhary Sudha , Shanker Uma 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are classified as priority pollutants because of their persistent nature, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity; therefore, they must be eliminated. Herein, synthesis of nitrogen‐doped metal hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles (N−MHCF; M=Cu, Zn) was achieved using the green protocol in co‐precipitation techniques for the oxidative removal of PAH pollutants, namely, anthracene (ANT) and phenanthrene (PHE). PXRD and XPS analysis confirmed the doping of Nitrogen in MHCF nanocomposite. The optimum conditions, concentration of PAHs (10 mg L−1), and catalyst dose (20 mg) at neutral pH under sunlight to eliminate PAHs were reported. The degradation followed the Langmuir model and Ist‐order kinetics. The highest photodegraFdation was found for N−CuHCF (ANT: 95 %; PHE: 93 %), as compared to N−ZnHCF (ANT: 90 %; PHE: 87 %), which might be due to a high negative zeta charge (−30.3 mV), surface area, and lower band gap energy (1.7 eV). The GC‐MS technique showed that photocatalysts (N−MHCF) break down PAH contaminants into minor metabolites in exposure to solar irradiation. Up to eight consecutive cycles of use were possible with nanocomposites without any appreciable decrease in activity. Largely because of favorable surface characteristics, N−MHCF nanostructure fabricated via the green method is of great importance with a bright future in industries.
Synthesis and Therapeutic Potential of selected Schiff Bases: In vitro Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Computational Studies
Authors: Adeleke Adesola A. , Oladipo Segun D. , Luckay Robert C. , Akintemi Eric O. , Olofinsan Kolawole A. , Babatunde Onajobi Ismail , Yussuf Sodiq T. , Ogundare Segun A. , Adeleke Olugbenga M. , Babalola Katherine I. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, three Schiff base compounds, (E)‐N‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐1‐(2‐nitrophenyl)methanimine (L1), (E)‐2‐((mesitylimino)methyl)phenol (L2), and (E)‐N‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐1‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)methanimine (L3), were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The antibacterial activity of the compounds was evaluated against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, with L3 demonstrating the most significant activity. The compounds were also evaluated for their antioxidant activity using DPPH, FRAP, and NO scavenging assays. While the compounds exhibited concentration‐dependent scavenging of free radicals, their activity was not as significant as that of the reference, Trolox. Furthermore, L1–L3 were tested for their α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity, with L1 showing the highest inhibitory activity among the three compounds. The DFT study showed that L1 is the most chemically reactive among the three compounds, having the lowest energy band gap value of 3.82 eV in acetonitrile, the experimental solvent. Molecular docking predicted that L1 and L2 have very strong inhibition equivalents to the standard drugs against bacteria and diabetes. All the compounds showed stronger inhibition against α‐glucosidase than acarbose, while only L1 and L2 exhibited stronger inhibition against α‐amylase than acarbose. It can be deduced that the theoretical studies corroborate well with the experimental, and compounds with the electron‐withdrawing group displayed better medicinal properties than their electron‐donating counterparts.
Boosting Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia by Constructing Nitrate‐Favored Active Cu–B Sites on SnS2
Authors: Li Heen , Wang Yuanzhe , Chen Shuheng , Peng Fei , Gao Faming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia is an effective method for mitigating nitrate pollution and generating ammonia. To design superior electrocatalysts, it is essential to construct a reaction site with high activity. Herein, a simple two‐step method is applied to in situ reduce amorphous copper over boron‐doped SnS2 nanosheets(denoted as aCu@B–SnS2‐x. DFT calculations reveal the combination of amorphous copper and B‐doping strategy can construct Cu–B active twins and introduce sulfur vacancies on the surface of the inert SnS2, the active twins can efficiently adsorb nitrate and forcibly separate oxygen atoms from nitrate under the assistance of the exposed Sn atom, leading to strong nitrate adsorption. Benefiting from this, aCu@B–SnS2‐x exhibited an ultrahigh NH3 FE of 94.6% at −0.67 V versus RHE and the highest NH3 yield rate of 0.55 mmol h−1 mg−1cat (9350 µg h−1 mg−1cat) at −0.77 V versus RHE under alkaline conditions. Besides, aCu@B–SnS2‐x is confirmed to remain active after various stability tests, suggesting the practicality of utilizing aCu@B–SnS2‐x in industrial applications. This work highlights the feasibility of enhanced nitrate‐to‐ammonia conversion efficiency by combining the doping method and amorphous metal.
Mimicking Tumor Metastasis Using a Transwell‐Integrated Organoids‐On‐a‐Chip Platform
Authors: Chen Maike , Shan Han , Tao Qian , Hu Rui , Sun Qi , Zheng Mingde , Chen Ziyan , Lin Qibo , Yin Mingzhu , Zhao Shuang , Chen Xiang , Chen Zeyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe mortality rate among cancer patients is primarily attributed to tumor metastasis. The evaluation of metastasis potential provides a powerful framework for personalized therapies. However, little work has so far been undertaken to precisely model tumor metastasis in vitro, hindering the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions. In this work, a tumor‐metastasis‐mimicked Transwell‐integrated organoids‐on‐a‐chip platform (TOP) for precisely evaluating tumor metastatic potential is developed. Unlike the conventional Transwell device for detecting cell migration, the engineered device facilitates the assessment of metastasis in patient‐derived organoids (PDO). Furthermore, a novel Transwell chamber with a hexagon‐shaped structure is developed to mimic the migration of tumor cells into surrounding tissues, allowing for the evaluation of tumor metastasis in a horizontal direction. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, tumor organoids and metastatic clusters are further evaluated at the protein, genetic, and phenotypic levels. In addition, preliminary drug screening is undertaken to highlight the potential for using the device to combat cancers. In summary, the tumor‐metastasis‐mimicked TOP offers unique capabilities for evaluating the metastasis potential of tumor organoids and contributes to the development of personalized cancer therapies.
Nano‐Confined Effect and Heterojunction Promoted Exciton Separation for Light‐Boosted Osmotic Energy Conversion
Authors: Geng Yutong , Zhang Liangqian , Li Mengjie , He Youfeng , Lu Bingxin , He Jianwei , Li Xuejiang , Zhou Hangjian , Fan Xia , Xiao Tianliang , Zhai Jin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe osmotic energy conversion properties of biomimetic light‐stimulated nanochannels have aroused great interest. However, the power output performance is limited by the low light‐induced current and energy conversion efficiency. Here, nanochannel arrays with simultaneous modification of ZnO and di‐tetrabutylammonium cis‐bis(isothiocyanato)bis(2,20‐bipyridyl‐4,40‐dicarboxylato) ruthenium (II) (N719) onto anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) to combine the nano‐confined effect and heterojunction is designed, which demonstrate rectified ion transport behavior due to the asymmetric composition, structure and charge. High cation selectivity and ion flux contribute to the high power density of ≈7.33 W m−2 by mixing artificial seawater and river water. Under light irradiation, heterojunction promoted the production and separation of exciton, enhanced cation selectivity, and improved the utilization efficiency of osmotic energy, providing a remarkable power density of ≈18.49 W m−2 with an increase of 252% and total energy conversion efficiency of 30.43%. The work opens new insights into the biomimetic nanochannels for high‐performance energy conversion.
Heterostructured WOx/W2C Nanocatalyst for Li2S Oxidation in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries with High‐Areal‐Capacity
Authors: Wang Biying , Fang Ruopian , Chen Ke , Huang Shiyang , Niu Ranming , Yu Zhichun , O'Connell George E. P. , Jin Huanyu , Lin Qiaowei , Liang Jiaxing , Cairney Julie M. , Wang Da‐Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries show extraordinary promise as a next‐generation battery technology due to their high theoretical energy density and the cost efficiency of sulfur. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics, uncontrolled growth of lithium sulfide (Li2S), and substantial Li2S oxidation barrier cause low sulfur utilization and limited cycle life. Moreover, these drawbacks get exacerbated at high current densities and high sulfur loadings. Here, a heterostructured WOx/W2C nanocatalyst synthesized via ultrafast Joule heating is reported, and the resulting heterointerfaces contribute to enhance electrocatalytic activity for Li2S oxidation, as well as controlled Li2S deposition. The densely distributed nanoparticles provide abundant binding sites for uniform deposition of Li2S. The continuous heterointerfaces favor efficient adsorption and promote charge transfer, thereby reducing the activation barrier for the delithiation of Li2S. These attributes enable Li–S cells to deliver high‐rate performance and high areal capacity. This study provides insights into efficient catalyst design for Li2S oxidation under practical cell conditions.
Pd Single‐Atom Loaded Ce‐Zr Solid Solution Catalysts Prepared by Flame Spray Pyrolysis for Efficient CO Catalytic Oxidation
Authors: Zheng Yaru , Zhang Ling , Jiang Hao , Li Chunzhong , Hu Yanjie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) exhibit remarkable catalytic activity at each metal site. However, conventionally synthesized single‐atom catalysts often possess low metal loading, thereby constraining their overall catalytic performance. Here, a flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) method for the synthesis of a single‐atom catalyst with a high loading capacity of up to 1.4 wt.% in practice is reported. CeZrO2 acts as a carrier and provides a large number of anchoring sites, which promotes the high‐density generation of Pd, and the strong interaction between the metal and the support avoids atom aggregation. Pd‐CeZrO2 series catalysts have excellent CO oxidation performance. When 0.97 wt.% Pd is added, the catalytic activity is the highest, and the temperature can be reduced to 120 °C. This work presented here demonstrates that FSP, as an inherently scalable technique, allows for elevating the single‐atom loading to achieve an increase in its catalytic performance. The method presented here more options for the preparation of SACs.
Dynamic Covalent Bonded Gradient Structured Actuators with Mechanical Robustness and Self‐Healing Ability
Authors: Yu Chuansong , Li Xinkai , Yang Xin , Qiu Xiaoyan , Zhang Xinxing , Chen Zhenming , Luo Yanglin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFlexible actuators with excellent adaptability and interaction safety have a wide range of application prospects in many fields. However, current flexible actuators have problems such as fragility and poor actuating ability. Here, inspired by the features of nacre structure, a gradient structured flexible actuator is proposed with mechanical robustness and self‐healing ability. By introducing dynamic boronic ester bonds at the interface between MXene nanosheets and epoxy natural rubber matrix, the resulting nanocomposites with ordered micro‐nano structures exhibit excellent tensile strength (25.03 MPa) and satisfactory repair efficiency (81.2%). In addition, the gradient distribution structure of MXene nanosheets endows the actuator with stable photothermal conversion capability, which can quickly respond to near‐infrared light stimulation. The interlayer dynamic covalent bond crosslinking enables good response speed after multiple bending and is capable of functional self‐healing after damage. This work introduces gradient structure and dynamic covalent bonding into flexible actuators, which provides a reference for the fabrication of self‐healing soft robots, wearable, and other healable functional materials.
Next-to-leading-logarithmic PanScales showers for deep inelastic scattering and vector boson fusion
Authors: van Beekveld Melissa , Ravasio Silvia Ferrario 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We introduce the first family of parton showers that achieve next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) accuracy for processes involving a t-channel exchange of a colour-singlet, and embed them in the PanScales framework. These showers are applicable to processes such as deep inelastic scattering (DIS), vector boson fusion (VBF), and vector boson scattering (VBS). We extensively test and verify the NLL accuracy of the new showers at both fixed order and all orders across a wide range of observables. We also introduce a generalisation of the Cambridge-Aachen jet algorithm and formulate new DIS observables that exhibit a simple resummation structure. The NLL showers are compared to a standard transverse-momentum ordered dipole shower, serving as a proxy for the current state-of-the-art leading-logarithmic showers available in public codes. Depending on the observable, we find discrepancies at NLL of the order of 15%. We also present some exploratory phenomenological results for Higgs production in VBF. This work enables, for the first time, to resum simultaneously global and non-global observables for the VBF process at NLL accuracy.
Bemarituzumab as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: final analysis of the randomized phase 2 FIGHT trial
Authors: Wainberg Zev A. , Kang Yoon-Koo , Lee Keun-Wook , Qin Shukui , Yamaguchi Kensei , Kim In-Ho , Saeed Anwaar , Oh Sang Cheul , Li Jin , Turk Haci Mehmet , Teixeira Alexandra , Hitre Erika , Udrea Adrian A. , Cardellino Giovanni Gerardo , Sanchez Raquel Guardeño , Zahlten-Kümeli Anita , Taylor Kate , Enzinger Peter C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
We report the final results of the randomized phase 2 FIGHT trial that evaluated bemarituzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody selective for fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (FGFR2b), plus mFOLFOX6 in patients with FGFR2b-positive (2 + /3 + membranous staining by immunohistochemistry), HER-2–negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC).

Methods
Patients received bemarituzumab (15 mg/kg) or placebo once every 2 weeks with an additional bemarituzumab (7.5 mg/kg) or placebo dose on cycle 1 day 8. All patients received mFOLFOX6. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate, and safety. Efficacy was evaluated after a minimum follow-up of 24 months.

Results
In the bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 (N = 77) and placebo-mFOLFOX6 (N = 78) arms, respectively, 59.7% and 66.7% of patients were FGFR2b-positive in ≥ 10% of tumor cells. The median PFS (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 9.5 months (7.3–13.7) with bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 and 7.4 months (5.7–8.4) with placebo-mFOLFOX6 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.72; 95% CI 0.49–1.08); median OS (95% CI) was 19.2 (13.6–24.2) and 13.5 (9.3–15.9) months, respectively (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.52–1.14). Observed efficacy in FGFR2b-positive GC in ≥ 10% of tumor cells was: PFS: HR 0.43 (95% CI 0.26–0.73); OS: HR 0.52 (95% CI 0.31–0.85). No new safety findings were reported.

Conclusions
In FGFR2b-positive advanced GC, the combination of bemarituzumab-mFOLFOX6 led to numerically longer median PFS and OS compared with mFOLFOX6 alone. Efficacy was more pronounced with FGFR2b overexpression in ≥ 10% of tumor cells. Confirmatory phase 3 trials are ongoing (NCT05052801, NCT05111626).

Clinical trial registration
NCT03694522.