bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping Observations of Peptide-like Molecules around Sagittarius B2
Authors: Zheng Siqi , Li Juan , Wang Junzhi , Wang Yao , Gao Feng , Quan Donghui , Du Fujun , Wu Yajun , Bergin Edwin , Li Yuqiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Peptide-like molecules, which have a close connection with the origin of life, have been detected in the Universe. Mapping observations of HCONH2 and CH3CONH2, two of the simplest peptide-like molecules, are performed toward the Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2) complex with the IRAM 30 m telescope. Seven transitions of HCONH2 and five transitions of CH3CONH2 are used in the analysis. The spatial distributions of the excitation temperature and column density of HCONH2 in the molecular envelope of Sgr B2 are obtained by rotation diagrams. Assuming the same excitation temperature of HCONH2, the column densities of CH3CONH2 are also calculated. The results show that the excitation temperature ranges from 6 to 46 K in the molecular envelope of Sgr B2. The abundance ratios between HCONH2 and CH3CONH2 are calculated to explore the relationship between them, as are those between HCONH2 and HNCO. The abundance ratio of CH3CONH2/HCONH2 varies from 10% to 20%, while that of HCONH2/HNCO ranges from 1.5% to 10%. CH3CONH2 is enhanced with respect to HCONH2 in the northwest region of Sgr B2. One transition of H13CONH2 is detected toward 12 positions of Sgr B2, from which a 12C/13C ratio of 28.7 is obtained. A time-dependent chemical model with a short-duration X-ray burst is used to explain the observed abundances of HCONH2 and CH3CONH2, with the best-fitting result at T
dust = 53–56 K. More chemical reactions are required to be included in the model since the modeled abundance is lower than the observed one at the observed T
dust.
Inadvertent Puncture of Dilated Right Ventricle During Transversus Thoracic Muscle Plane Block: Lessons Learnt
Authors: Varsha A.V. , Gadhinglajkar Shrinivas , Munaf Mamatha 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The transversus thoracic muscle plane (TTP) block is gaining widespread recognition in cardiac surgery, particularly in facilitating fast-tracking. Here, we report a case of inadvertent puncture of the right ventricle (RV) during the administration of ultra sound-guided (USG) TTP block in a 3-year-old child posted for atrial septal defect (ASD) closure and mitral valve repair. We also discuss the care that should be taken to avoid such complications and such cases require extra caution during TTP block.
Thoracotomy Patients Under General Anesthesia: A Comparison on Intra-Operative Anesthetic and Analgesic Requirements, When Combined with Either Epidural Analgesia or Continuous Unilateral Paravertebral Analgesia
Authors: Babu Saravana , Kumar Muthu , Gadhinglajkar Shrinivas V. , Gregory Deepak Mathew , Aggarwal Neelam , Sukesan Subin 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:
Regional analgesia is effective for post-thoracotomy pain. The primary objective of the study is to compare the intraoperative requirement of isoflurane and fentanyl between general anaesthesia (GA) with epidural analgesia and GA with paravertebral analgesia.

Methods and Material:
A prospective observational comparative study was conducted on 56 patients undergoing open thoracotomy procedures. The patients were divided into two groups of 28 by assigning the study participants alternatively to each group: Group GAE - received thoracic epidural catheterization with GA, and Group GAP - received ultrasound guided thoracic paravertebral catheterization on the operative side with GA. Intraoperative requirement of isoflurane, fentanyl, postoperative analgesia, stress response, need of rescue analgesics and adverse effects were observed and analysed.

Results:
25 patients in each group were included in the data analysis. The intraoperative requirement of isoflurane (32.28 ± 1.88 vs 48.31 ± 4.34 ml; p < 0.0001) and fentanyl (128.87 ± 25.12 vs 157 ± 30.92 μg; p = 0.0009) were significantly less in the GAE group than in the GAP group. VAS scores and need of rescue analgesics and blood glucose levels were not statistically significant during the postoperative period (p > 0.05). The incidence of adverse effects was comparable except for hypotension and urinary retention which were significantly higher in the GAE group.

Conclusion:
GA with epidural analgesia resulted in significant reduction in the intraoperative consumption of isoflurane and fentanyl in comparison to GA with paravertebral analgesia. However, both the techniques were equally effective in the postoperative period.
Comparative evaluation of efficacy of diclofenac and ketoprofen administered using transdermal drug delivery route in management of post endodontic pain: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Karunakar P. , Reddy M. S. Ranga , Karteek Basa Srinivas , Reddy Chavva Lakshmi Charan , Swetha Chigurupati , Racha Kundana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used as a postoperative medication after endodontic treatment. The introduction of transdermal patches aided in reducing the discomfort caused by medication prescribed through the oral route.

Aim:
This study aims to compare the efficacy of transdermal patches of diclofenac and ketoprofen for postendodontic pain control.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in singlerooted teeth of either arch were endodontically treated by a single endodontist. Oral diclofenac for Group I and transdermal diclofenac patch for Group II and transdermal ketoprofen patch for Group III were administered as postendodontic analgesics. Visual Analog Scale chart was used to record pain intensity preoperatively and at intervals of 4, 8, and 24 h postoperatively. Paracetamol 500 mg tablets were provided as rescue medication.

Statistical Analysis:
Repeated Measure ANOVA.

Results:
There was a significant decrease in the postoperative pain intensity scores for both transdermal groups. The postoperative scores gradually decreased from day 1 to day 2. Six out of ten patients who had received diclofenac tablets complained of gastric discomfort.

Conclusion:
Both transdermal ketoprofen and diclofenac patches were effective than oral diclofenac tablet and can be used as an alternative and effective analgesic for postendodontic pain management, especially in patients with gastric discomfort.
Stabilizing bony plate in guided endodontic surgery using an innovative approach
Authors: Sheth Maulee D. , Arora Ankit V. , Kapoor Sonali V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Endodontic microsurgery in tandem with advanced radiographic techniques has led to the emergence of guided surgeries. Preservation of the cortical bone to enhance the healing and stabilization of tissues surrounding the tooth of concern can now be facilitated by bone cement used in the field of orthopedics. This case report details a guided endodontic surgery technique in 17 years old where a traumatic infliction leads to a phoenix abscess. The technique elaborated emphasizes on the three-dimensional printing of a surgical template with the help of cone-beam computed tomography, followed using a medical-grade bone cement in the most minimal manner to reposition the buccal cortical bone. A 12-month-old follow-up revealed the patient to be asymptomatic with a flawless periapical region radiographically. This case testifies that the optimum use of available biomedical material in surgical endodontics can assure a predictable prognosis.
Comparative evaluation of the shear bond strength of lithium disilicate veneers using one light-cure and two dual-cure resin cement: An in vitro study
Authors: Mondal Parthasarathi , Mazumdar Dibyendu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The present in vitro study aimed to comparatively evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of one light-cure and two dual-cure resin cement to bond lithium disilicate veneers.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty maxillary central incisors (n = 30) were procured and randomly divided into three groups of adhesive/resin cement systems, into groups of 10 each (n = 10); Group A: Adper Single Bond 2/RelyX Veneer Cement, Group B: Prime and Bond NT/Calibra, and Group C: Excite DSC/Variolink II. All the tooth samples were etched and respective bonding agent was applied. Similarly, all the laminate veneer specimens were etched, silanated, and treated with respective bonding agents before cementation with the respective resin cement. The SBS was measured in a universal testing machine with a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min.

Statistical Analysis:
Data obtained were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey’s test at a 5% significance level.

Results:
The highest SBS was demonstrated by Group C (18.8 ± 0.92 Mpa), followed by Group B (18.4 ± 0.74) Mpa, and the least by Group A (17.4 ± 0.75 MPa). Significant differences were found between Group A, Group B, and Group C, respectively. However, Group B and Group C did not differ significantly from each other.

Conclusions:
Dual-cure resin cement have higher SBS than the light-cure variants.
A randomized clinical study evaluating the 30-month clinical performance of class II indirect restorations in endodontically treated teeth using ceramic, hybrid, and composite computer-aided design/computer-aided production blocks
Authors: Arslan Soley , Karagön Mehmet , Balkaya Hacer , Köse Burak 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context (Background):
In the literature, the information about which indirect material is the most appropriate for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth is insufficient. Therefore, studies evaluating the clinical performance of root canal-treated teeth will shed light on this issue for clinicians.

Aim:
This clinical study aimed to evaluate the clinical performances of class II indirect restorations using ceramic, hybrid, and composite blocks to endodontically treated teeth.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 indirect class II restorations were performed in 51 patients using Cerasmart (GC Dental Products Europe, Leuven, Belgium) composite, IPS e.max computer-aided design CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) ceramic, and Vita Enamic (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) hybrid blocks. All the restored teeth had root canal treatment. The restorations were evaluated using modified FDI criteria for 30 months.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis analysis and Friedman two-way analysis of variance.

Results:
A total of 53 restorations of the 60 restorations could be followed up at the end of 30 months. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups after 30 months in terms of all criteria evaluated (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Composite, ceramic, and hybrid blocks showed successful clinical performance in endodontically treated posterior teeth with large material loss.
Comparison of maternal and fetal outcomes between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients in a tertiary government hospital: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pulido Janine Carsola , Tud Raissa Marie 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Although it is likely that outcomes in pregnancy differ between regions due to differences in health-care delivery, resources, and health protocols, the rampant increase in COVID-19 cases has proven its effects on the maternal and fetal outcomes. But to what extent does COVID-19 in pregnancy affect adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes compared to non-COVID-19 pregnant patients?

OBJECTIVES:
This study aims to compare maternal outcomes (morbidity, mortality, intensive care unit [ICU] admissions, and cesarean section [CS] rate) and fetal outcomes (prematurity, APGAR score, neonatal ICU [NICU] admission, and mortality) between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases.

METHODOLOGY:
A retrospective cohort study was done through chart review of 240 patients, 120 for the COVID-19 group and 120 for the non-COVID-19 group. Demographic data, as well as maternal outcomes (i.e., morbidity, mortality, ICU admissions, and emergency CS), and adverse fetal outcomes (i.e., prematurity, low APGAR, NICU admission, and mortality) were gathered. These outcomes were also classified according to disease severity for the COVID-19 group. The effect of using investigational drugs to outcomes was also determined.

RESULTS:
This study shows that adverse maternal outcomes were significantly increased with COVID-19 infection. Mortality was increased by 10% while morbidities (acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hemorrhage, and sepsis) were increased by 35%. ICU admission for COVID-19 patients was 10.8% higher, and the emergency CS rate was also increased by 10% in the COVID-19 group. Results also showed increased adverse fetal outcomes for the COVID-19 group, with a 10.8% increase in neonates being born prematurely, an 11.67% increase in low APGAR score, a 9.16% increase in mortality, and a 10% increase in NICU admission. The use of investigational drugs in cases of severe and critical COVID-19 did not have any significant benefits to the outcomes.

CONCLUSION:
COVID-19 infection significantly increases both maternal and fetal outcomes, and these adverse effects correspond to the severity of the disease. The use of investigational drugs in severe and critical COVID-19 cases has no significant benefit to maternal and fetal outcomes.
Toxicology screen – A clinical insight
Authors: Khajuria Atul , Jude Srishti 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Toxicology screening is a process that involves analyzing a blood or urine sample to detect the presence of drugs or other toxic substances in the body. This screening method is commonly used in various settings, such as healthcare, forensic investigations, and workplace drug testing. By examining the sample, toxicologists can identify and quantify the specific substances present, providing valuable information for medical diagnosis, treatment planning, and legal purposes. It is important to note that toxicology screening should be conducted by trained professionals in accredited laboratories to ensure accurate and reliable results.
Temporomandibular joint disorders’ diagnosis
Authors: Bhardwaj Madhvi , Ahluwalia Rajiv , Chugh Tina 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) encompass a range of musculoskeletal conditions characterized by pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles. The symptoms may include limited or asymmetrical jaw movement, joint noises, and various painful and nonpainful conditions such as headaches, tinnitus, depression, and sleep disturbances. The Diagnostic Criteria for TMD offer a systematic approach to examine the masticatory structures, as well as assess psychosocial and comorbid factors in patients. Through physical examination, more accurate diagnoses can be made, including myalgia, arthralgia, disc displacement disorders, degenerative joint disease, subluxation, and headaches associated with TMD. Timely diagnosis and management, facilitated by care pathways, can significantly benefit TMD patients, leading to improved prognosis, enhanced quality of life, and reduced healthcare expenses.
Beyond blood sugar: Unraveling the complexities of liver and kidney health in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Singh Harbajan , Aggarwal Juhi , Pasha Eram Hussain , Midha Urvashi 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a formidable global health challenge, particularly with the alarming rise of type 2 diabetes. Projections indicate that by 2030, around 440 million individuals will grapple with type 2 diabetes, attributing this surge to urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, and obesity. The intricate relationship between diabetes, liver, and renal functions plays a crucial role in the disease’s progression and complications.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aims to explore the complex interplay between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), liver function, and renal health. Specific objectives include assessing abnormal liver function, evaluating kidney profile parameters, and examining the prevalence of anemia in T2DM patients. The study seeks to contribute insights that inform proactive management strategies for diabetes-related complications.

Material and Methods:
Conducted as a facility-based cross-sectional study from March to June 2022, 120 individuals with T2DM participated. The study focused on patients attending routine follow-ups at the Outpatient Department of general medicine in Santosh Hospital, SMCH, SDTU Ghaziabad. Rigorous assessments and statistical analyses were employed to examine gender distribution, liver and kidney profile parameters, and other relevant factors.

Results:
Among the notable findings, Table 1 reveals a significant gender distribution, with 51.8% males in the diabetes group. Liver profile parameters, including alkaline phosphates and albumin, exhibited statistically significant differences between diabetes and control groups. Kidney profile parameters also showed significant variations, emphasizing the intricate relationship between diabetes and renal complications. The study further explored differences between male and female patients in the control group, revealing significant variations in hemoglobin levels.

Conclusion:
This study sheds light on the prevalence of abnormal liver function in T2DM individuals, emphasizing the significance of early detection and tailored interventions. Kidney disorders and the often-overlooked complication of anemia further contribute to the complexity of health challenges faced by those with diabetes. The findings underscore the need for vigilant monitoring and comprehensive management strategies to enhance patient care in the face of this multifaceted health challenge.
Cystic lesion and subcutaneous emphysema in a child with COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Jain Abhishek , Krishna Hare 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Subcutaneous emphysema with pneumomediastinum and cystic changes are the rare findings of COVID-19 pneumonia. Till date, no pediatric studies have documented these changes. We present a case of a 9-month-old child presented with severe COVID-19 pneumonia with subcutaneous emphysema and cystic changes in the bilateral lung field (right > left).
Pleomorphic adenoma of the hard palate – Usual tumor at an uncommon site: A cytological diagnosis
Authors: Singh Swati , Chaudhary Pratibha , Tyagi Mayurika Subodhkumar , Gulati Priyanka 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) (benign mixed tumor) is one of the salivary gland tumors affecting both major and minor salivary glands and accounts for 40%–70% of all tumors. This is a tumor of diverse histological and topographical presentation. PA is a benign tumor but poses a diagnostic dilemma because of its diverse histological and topographical presentation. A 36-year-old male patient reported to the outpatient department with a complaint of painless swelling in the upper left palatal region for the past 3 years. A preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology was done, and the patient was diagnosed with a pleomorphic adenoma, ruling out malignancy. PA, though a common entity, is still a challenging tumor for a pathologist. Its diverse morphological features make the tumor special and difficult to diagnose on cytology.
Treatment in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Biswas Debalina , Jamwal Aman Singh , Beniwal Amit , Brar Tabish , Saran Brijesh 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterised by affective and cognitive symptoms that impair overall functioning and cause psychological discomfort. Due to the use of medical services, these entail high societal costs.

Objective:
Our goal was to provide a thorough overview of this topic while evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacological therapies in OCD and clinical recommendations.

Methods:
We looked for papers on the use of drugs to treat OCD in the pubmed database, with an emphasis on clinical guidelines, the use of antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, off-label drugs, and pharmacogenomics.

Results:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) work best when taken for a lengthy period of time. A SSRI combination with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or the similarly orientated exposure and response prevention (ERP) can produce better outcomes. Treatment options for refractory OCD include switching to a different SSRI or clomipramine or supplementing with an atypical antipsychotic. Further research is necessary because there is conflicting information about the use of antidepressants intravenously or in addition to antipsychotics. Treatment customization and pharmacogenomics may lessen treatment resistance.

Conclusions:
When compared to each treatment separately or to other treatments, SSRI/clomipramine combined with CBT/ERP produces the best results. For refractory OCD, new approaches are required. In the upcoming years, pharmacogenomics may play a more significant role.
Risk factors and management of postpartum depression
Authors: Nandita  , Raj Nishchita , Bhatti Sachinpal , Kumar Saksham , Saran Brijesh 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
After giving birth, some women experience the common and complex mood disorder known as postpartum depression (PPD). PPD has multiple etiological factors, including hormonal fluctuations, genetic susceptibility, and psychosocial stressors.

Objective:
Detailed overview of PPD standard of care effectiveness in management with pharmacological interventions.

Method:
To gather pertinent publications about the most recent advancements in management, a Pubmed search for PPD articles was conducted.

Result:
PPD is characterized by a variety of emotional and psychological symptoms, such as irritability, persistent sadness, anxiety, and hopelessness. These symptoms can have a serious negative effect on a new mother’s quality of life and capacity to care for her child.

Conclusion:
Effective management and the avoidance of long-term detrimental effects for the mother and her child depend on early detection and intervention.
Adverse events associated with the gold probe and the injection gold probe devices used for endoscopic hemostasis: A MAUDE database analysis
Authors: Kumar Vishnu Charan Suresh , Aloysius Mark , Aswath Ganesh 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding accounts for over half a million admissions annually and is the most common GI diagnosis requiring hospitalization in the United States. Bipolar electrocoagulation devices are used for the management of gastrointestinal bleeding. There is no data on device-related adverse events for gold probe (GP) and injection gold probe (IGP).
AIM
To analyze this using the Food and Drug Administration (FDA’s) Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database from 2013 to 2023.
METHODS
We examined post-marketing surveillance data on GP and IGP from the FDA MAUDE database to report devicerelated and patient-related adverse events between 2013-2023. The MAUDE database is a publicly available resource providing over 4 million records relating to medical device safety. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics V.27.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States).
RESULTS
Our search elicited 140 reports for GP and 202 reports for IGP, respectively, during the study period from January 2013 to August 2023. Malfunctions reportedly occurred in 130 cases for GP, and actual patient injury or event occurred in 10 patients. A total of 149 patients (74%) reported with Injection GP events suffered no significant consequences due to the device failure, but 53 patients (26%) were affected by an event.
CONCLUSION
GP and IGP are critical in managing gastrointestinal bleeding. This study of the FDA MAUDE database revealed the type, number, and trends of reported device-related adverse events. The endoscopist and support staff must be aware of these device-related events and be equipped to manage them if they occur.