bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporating the coupled effects of slot opening, armature reaction and saturation in the model of the airgap flux density distribution of permanent magnet synchronous machines
Authors: Babaei Mojtaba , Feyzi Mojtaba , Nazari Marashi Abbas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA new analytic model for calculating of the air‐gap flux density (AGFD) of surface‐mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines (SMPMSMs) is presented. This proposed model is capable to taking into account the effects of magnetic saturation, armature reaction and stator slots opening. Furthermore, the real form of air‐gap distribution and spatial distribution of flux density of the PM poles are considered. The armature reaction effect is modeled using phasor diagram analysis of the motor as a function of the load torque, the armature current amplitude, power factor and the inverse air gap length. Also, saturation phenomenon predicted using the new non‐linear proposed function in connection with the armature reaction effects and the properties of the lamination material. It is shown that the proposed model capable to predicting acceptably the air gap flux density waveform of the SMPMSMs at lagging and leading power factors and with the load torque variation. The presented analytical approach is verified by the two‐dimensional finite‐element analysis (FEA) results.
The Fate of Angiotensin II in Placental Tissue and
Blood
Authors: Mizutani Shigehiko , Mizutani Hidesuke , Mizutani Eita , Arita Harumasa , Kajiyama Hiroaki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe existence of a non-canonical pathway of renin-angiotensin system in the blood
pressure control system has been highlighted over the past three decades. The
enzymes involved in this pathway include a series of angiotensinases such as
neprilysin (NEP), aminopeptidase A (APA), carboxypeptidase, and angiotensin
converting enzyme 2. The physiological roles of these peptidases have been
reconsidered in this study, based on the publications of other research groups
and the results from our previous study, regarding the liberation of constituent
amino acids from angiotensin II by placenta tissue and blood serum,
respectively.
A Case of an Obstructed Delivery by a Large, Lower Uterine Segment Fibroid Interlocked with a Fetal Mentum
Authors: Miller Sarah E. , Miller Hayley E. , Waldrop Anne R. , Karakash Scarlett D. , Shaw Kate A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUterine leiomyomata are associated with many pregnancy complications and will likely become increasingly common as the average age of childbearing increases. We describe a case of an obstructed delivery by a large fibroid. A 37-year-old G2P1001 with a 10-cm anterior, lower uterine segment fibroid presented for labor induction. Labor was complicated by arrest of descent due to suspected obstruction of the fetal body by the fibroid after descent of the fetal head, and delivery during cesarean section was complicated by apparent interlocking of the fetal mentum with the fibroid. Large, anterior lower uterine segment fibroids have the potential to obstruct delivery of the fetal head or of the fetal body, and these patients should be counseled regarding the potential for complications via both vaginal and cesarean deliveries.
Rapid thermal annealing effect on performance variations of solution processed indium–gallium–zinc-oxide thin-film transistors
Authors: Kil Sunghyun , Jeong Jaewook 
Published: November 2023

In this paper, the 1 min annealing effect on the electrical characteristics of solution-processed amorphous indium–gallium–zinc-oxide thin-film transistors (a-IGZO TFTs) was analyzed in an ambient gas environment comprising He, Ar, N2, and O2 and an annealing temperature range from 400 to 600 °C for different active layer thicknesses. Even for the short annealing time of 1 min, the He-annealed TFTs show good performance with a threshold voltage of −1.27 V, a subthreshold slope of 605 mV/dec, and a field-effect mobility of 7.19 cm2/Vs under the thick active layer condition. The resulting good performance of the He-annealed TFT originates from the high thermal velocity of the He atom, which can be confirmed from the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic measurement by the sharp definition of the active layer near the a-IGZO/gate insulator interface.
Phylogenetic analyses for the origin of sortal classifiers in Mongolic, Tungusic, and Turkic languages
Authors: Allassonnière-Tang Marc , Gao Zhong-Liang , Chen Shen-An , Her One-Soon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNumeral classifiers are one of the most common types of nominal classification systems. Their geographical distribution worldwide is concentrated in Asia, which infers a scheme of diffusion from a linguistic innovation. This study investigates the origin of classifier systems in the Mongolic, Tungusic, and Turkic languages in the Altaic region with a phylogenetic analysis based on data from 55 languages. The Single Origin Hypothesis suggests that Sinitic is the most probable original source of classifier systems found in Asia (Her & Li 2023). Under this hypothesis, classifiers are unlikely to be an indigenous feature of the Altaic region, and indeed their phylogenetic signal turns out to be weak. We also conduct a qualitative analysis on the classifier inventory of the studied languages to assess the robustness of phylogenetic methods. The results also indicate that classifiers are most likely a borrowed feature in the Mongolic, Tungusic, and Turkic languages.
A positivity-preserving adaptive-order finite-difference scheme for GRMHD
Authors: Deppe Nils , Kidder Lawrence E , Teukolsky Saul A , Bonilla Marceline S , Hébert François , Kim Yoonsoo , Scheel Mark A , Throwe William , Vu Nils L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present an adaptive-order positivity-preserving conservative finite-difference scheme that allows a high-order solution away from shocks and discontinuities while guaranteeing positivity and robustness at discontinuities. This is achieved by monitoring the relative power in the highest mode of the reconstructed polynomial and reducing the order when the polynomial series no longer converges. Our approach is similar to the multidimensional optimal order detection strategy, but differs in several ways. The approach is a priori and so does not require retaking a time step. It can also readily be combined with positivity-preserving flux limiters that have gained significant traction in computational astrophysics and numerical relativity. This combination ultimately guarantees a physical solution both during reconstruction and time stepping. We demonstrate the capabilities of the method using a standard suite of very challenging 1d, 2d, and 3d general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics test problems.
QoQ: a Q-transform based test for gravitational wave transient events
Authors: Soni Siddharth , Marx Ethan , Katsavounidis Erik , Essick Reed , Cabourn Davies G S , Brockill Patrick , Coughlin Michael W , Ghosh Shaon , Godwin Patrick 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe observation of transient gravitational waves (GWs) is hindered by the presence of transient noise, colloquially referred to as glitches. These glitches can often be misidentified as GWs by searches for unmodeled transients using the excess-power type of methods and sometimes even excite template waveforms for compact binary coalescences while using matched filter techniques. They thus create a significant background in the searches. This background is more critical in getting identified promptly and efficiently within the context of real-time searches for GW transients. Such searches are the ones that have enabled multi-messenger astrophysics with the start of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data taking in 2015 and they will continue to enable the field for further discoveries. With this work we propose and demonstrate the use of a signal-based test that quantifies the fidelity of the time-frequency decomposition of the putative signal based on first principles on how astrophysical transients are expected to be registered in the detectors and empirically measuring the instrumental noise. It is based on the Q-transform and a measure of the occupancy of the corresponding time-frequency pixels over select time-frequency volumes; we call it ‘QoQ’. Our method shows a 40% reduction in the number of retraction of public alerts that were issued by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaborations during the third observing run with negligible loss in sensitivity. Receiver Operator Characteristic measurements suggest the method can be used in online and offline searches for transients, reducing their background significantly.
Linearly convergent adjoint free solution of least squares problems by random descent
Authors: Lorenz Dirk A , Schneppe Felix , Tondji Lionel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We consider the problem of solving linear least squares problems in a framework where only evaluations of the linear map are possible. We derive randomized methods that do not need any other matrix operations than forward evaluations, especially no evaluation of the adjoint map is needed. Our method is motivated by the simple observation that one can get an unbiased estimate of the application of the adjoint. We show convergence of the method and then derive a more efficient method that uses an exact linesearch. This method, called random descent, resembles known methods in other context and has the randomized coordinate descent method as special case. We provide convergence analysis of the random descent method emphasizing the dependence on the underlying distribution of the random vectors. Furthermore we investigate the applicability of the method in the context of ill-posed inverse problems and show that the method can have beneficial properties when the unknown solution is rough. We illustrate the theoretical findings in numerical examples. One particular result is that the random descent method actually outperforms established transposed-free methods (TFQMR and CGS) in examples.
A high-quality broadband tunable terahertz metamaterial absorber based on graphene
Authors: Chao Xiongying , Xu Yan , Huang Feng , Chen Zhaoyang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We design a graphene-based broadband tunable terahertz metamaterial absorber (MMA). Its structure consists of a surface graphene pattern layer, a medium layer and an underlying metal film. CST simulation results show that the absorption bandwidth for more than 90% absorption rate reaches 2.12 THz, and the range is 3.2–5.32 THz. The absorption bandwidth for more than 99% absorption rate reaches 1.38 THz, and the range is 3.45–4.83 THz, which was not achieved by most of the previous MMA. Multiple reflection interference theory is used to confirm the simulation results. In order to explore the physical mechanism of wideband absorption, we study the surface electric field distribution of the structure. We also find that the absorber has polarization insensitivity and wide-angle incidence characteristics. The absorption frequency of the absorber can be adjusted by changing the chemical potential of graphene. Therefore, the absorber has potential applications in terahertz absorption, filtering and sensing.
Parameterizing smooth viscous fluid dynamics with a viscous blast wave
Authors: Yang Zhidong , Fries Rainer J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Blast wave fits are widely used in high energy nuclear collisions to capture essential features of global properties of systems near kinetic equilibrium. They usually provide temperature fields and collective velocity fields on a given hypersurface. We systematically compare blast wave fits of fluid dynamic simulations for Au+Au collisions at

s

NN

=
200

GeV

and Pb+Pb collisions at

s

NN

=
2.76

TeV with the original simulations. In particular, we investigate how faithful the viscous blast wave introduced in Yang and Fries (2022 Phys. Rev. C 105 014910) can reproduce the given temperature and specific shear viscosity fixed at freeze-out of a viscous fluid dynamic calculation, if the final spectrum and elliptic flow of several particle species are fitted. We find that viscous blast wave fits describe fluid dynamic pseudodata rather well and reproduce the specific shear viscosities to good accuracy. However, extracted temperatures tend to be underpredicted, especially for peripheral collisions. We investigate possible reasons for these deviations. We establish maps from true to fitted values. These maps can be used to improve raw fit results from viscous blast wave fits. Although our work is limited to two specific, albeit important, parameters and two collision systems, the same procedure can be easily generalized to other parameters and collision systems.
Synthesis of superconducting phase of La0.5Ce0.5H10 at high pressures
Authors: Huang Ge , Peng Di , Luo Tao , Chen Liu-Cheng , Dalladay-Simpson Philip , Cao Zi-Yu , Gorelli Federico A , Zhong Guo-Hua , Lin Hai-Qing , Chen Xiao-Jia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Clathrate hydride

F
m

3
ˉ

m

-LaH10 has been proven as the most extraordinary superconductor with the critical temperature Tc
above 250 K upon compression of hundreds of GPa in recent years. A general hope is to reduce the stabilization pressure and maintain the high Tc
value of the specific phase in LaH10. However, strong structural instability distorts

F
m

3
ˉ

m

structure and leads to a rapid decrease of Tc
at low pressures. Here, we investigate the phase stability and superconducting behaviors of

F
m

3
ˉ

m

-LaH10 with enhanced chemical pre-compression through partly replacing La by Ce atoms from both experiments and calculations. For explicitly characterizing the synthesized hydride, we choose lanthanum-cerium alloy with stoichiometry composition of 1:1. X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements reveal the stabilization of

F
m

3
ˉ

m

-La0.5Ce0.5H10 in the pressure range of 140–160 GPa. Superconductivity with Tc
of 175 ± 2 K at 155 GPa is confirmed with the observation of the zero-resistivity state and supported by the theoretical calculations. These findings provide applicability in the future explorations for a large variety of hydrogen-rich hydrides.
Boltzmann machines and quantum many-body problems
Authors: Nomura Yusuke 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Analyzing quantum many-body problems and elucidating the entangled structure of quantum states is a significant challenge common to a wide range of fields. Recently, a novel approach using machine learning was introduced to address this challenge. The idea is to ‘embed’ nontrivial quantum correlations (quantum entanglement) into artificial neural networks. Through intensive developments, artificial neural network methods are becoming new powerful tools for analyzing quantum many-body problems. Among various artificial neural networks, this topical review focuses on Boltzmann machines and provides an overview of recent developments and applications.
Phase diagram of three dimensional disordered nodal-line semimetals: weak localization to Anderson localization
Authors: Jia K X , Liu X Y , Ma R , Geng H , Sheng L , Xing D Y 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nodal-line semimetals are new members of the topological materials family whose experimental characterization has seen recent progress using both ARPES and quantum oscillation measurements. Here, we theoretically study the presence of a disorder-induced phase transition in a cubic lattice nodal-line semimetal using numerical diagonalization and spectral calculations. In contrast to the 3D nodal-point semimetals, we found that nodal-line semimetals do not display a stable disordered semimetal phase, as an infinitely weak disorder can lead to a diffusive metal phase. The absence of a semimetal phase is also reflected in the quadratic relationship of the electronic specific heat at low temperatures. Furthermore, we illustrate that a localization transition occurs under the influence of strong disorder, shifting the material from a weakly localized diffusive metal state to an Anderson insulator. This transition is substantiated by calculating the adjacent gap ratio and the typical density of states.
Inferring nonlinear fractional diffusion processes from single trajectories
Authors: Kassel Johannes A , Walter Benjamin , Kantz Holger 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present a method to infer the arbitrary space-dependent drift and diffusion of a nonlinear stochastic model driven by multiplicative fractional Gaussian noise from a single trajectory. Our method, fractional Onsager-Machlup optimisation (fOMo), introduces a maximum likelihood estimator by minimising a field-theoretic action which we construct from the observed time series. We successfully test fOMo for a wide range of Hurst exponents using artificial data with strong nonlinearities, and apply it to a data set of daily mean temperatures. We further highlight the significant systematic estimation errors when ignoring non-Markovianity, underlining the need for nonlinear fractional inference methods when studying real-world long-range (anti-)correlated systems.
Anisotropic inflation in dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates
Authors: Rana A , Pendse A , Wüster S , Panda S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Early during the era of cosmic inflation, rotational invariance may have been broken, only later emerging as a feature of low-energy physics. This motivates ongoing searches for residual signatures of anisotropic space-time, for example in the power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background. We propose that dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) furnish a laboratory quantum simulation platform for the anisotropy evolution of fluctuation spectra during inflation, exploiting the fact that the speed of dipolar condensate sound waves depends on direction. We construct the anisotropic analogue space-time metric governing sound, by linking the time-varying strength of dipolar and contact interactions in the BEC to the scale factors in different coordinate directions. Based on these, we calculate the dynamics of phonon power spectra during an inflation that renders the initially anisotropic Universe isotropic. We find that the expansion speed provides an experimental handle to control and study the degree of final residual anisotropy. Gravity analogues using dipolar condensates can thus provide tuneable experiments for a field of cosmology that was until now confined to a single experiment, our Universe.
Nonlinear Wave Front Reconstruction from a Pyramid Sensor using Neural Networks
Authors: Wong Alison P. , Norris Barnaby R. M. , Deo Vincent , Tuthill Peter G. , Scalzo Richard , Sweeney David , Ahn Kyohoon , Lozi Julien , Vievard Sébastien , Guyon Olivier 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The pyramid wave front sensor (PyWFS) has become increasingly popular to use in adaptive optics (AO) systems due to its high sensitivity. The main drawback of the PyWFS is that it is inherently nonlinear, which means that classic linear wave front reconstruction techniques face a significant reduction in performance at high wave front errors, particularly when the pyramid is unmodulated. In this paper, we consider the potential use of neural networks (NNs) to replace the widely used matrix vector multiplication (MVM) control. We aim to test the hypothesis that the NN's ability to model nonlinearities will give it a distinct advantage over MVM control. We compare the performance of a MVM linear reconstructor against a dense NN, using daytime data acquired on the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics system (SCExAO) instrument. In a first set of experiments, we produce wavefronts generated from 14 Zernike modes and the PyWFS responses at different modulation radii (25, 50, 75, and 100 mas). We find that the NN allows for a far more precise wave front reconstruction at all modulations, with differences in performance increasing in the regime where the PyWFS nonlinearity becomes significant. In a second set of experiments, we generate a data set of atmosphere-like wavefronts, and confirm that the NN outperforms the linear reconstructor. The SCExAO real-time computer software is used as baseline for the latter. These results suggest that NNs are well positioned to improve upon linear reconstructors and stand to bring about a leap forward in AO performance in the near future.
Density wavenumber spectrum measurements, synthetic diagnostic development, and tests of quasilinear turbulence modeling in the core of electron-heated DIII-D H-mode plasmas
Authors: Pratt Q. , Hall-Chen V. , Neiser T.F. , Hong R. , Damba J. , Rhodes T.L. , Thome K.E. , Yang J. , Haskey S.R. , Cote T. , Carter T. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Measurements of the turbulent density wavenumber spectrum,

δ

n
ˆ

e

(

k
⊥

)

, using the Doppler Back-Scattering (DBS) diagnostic are reported from DIII-D H-mode plasmas with electron cyclotron heating as the only auxiliary heating method. These electron-heated plasmas have low collisionality,

ν
e
∗

<
1

,

T
e

/

T
i

>
1

, and zero injected torque—a regime expected to be relevant for future fusion devices. We probe density fluctuations in the core (ρ ≈ 0.7) over a broad wavenumber range,

0.5
⩽

k
⊥

⩽
16

cm−1 (

0.1
⩽

k
⊥

ρ
s

⩽
5

), to characterize plasma instabilities and compare with theoretical predictions. We present a novel synthetic DBS diagnostic to relate the back-scattered power spectrum,

P
s

(

k
⊥

)

—which is directly measured by DBS—to the underlying electron density fluctuation spectrum,

δ

n
ˆ

e

(

k
⊥

)

. The synthetic DBS

P
s

(

k
⊥

)

spectrum is calculated by combining the SCOTTY beam-tracing code with a model

δ

n
ˆ

e

(

k
⊥

)

predicted either analytically or numerically. In this work we use the quasi-linear code Trapped Gyro-Landau Fluid (TGLF) to approximate the

δ

n
ˆ

e

(

k
⊥

)

spectrum. We find that TGLF, using the experimental profiles, is capable of closely reproducing the DBS measurements. Both the DBS measurements and the TGLF-DBS synthetic diagnostic show a wavenumber spectrum with variable decay. The measurements show weak decay (k
−0.6) for k < 3.5 cm−1, with k
−2.6 at intermediate-k (

3.5
⩽
k
⩽
8.5

cm−1), and rapid decay (k
−9.4) for k > 8.5 cm−1. Scans of physics parameters using TGLF suggest that the normalized

∇

T
e

scale-length,

R

/

L

T
e

, is an important factor for distinguishing microturbulence regimes in these plasmas. A combination of DBS observations and TGLF simulations indicate that fluctuations remain peaked at ITG-scales (low k) while

R

/

L

T
e

-driven TEM/ETG-type modes (intermediate/high k) are marginally sub-dominant.