bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the reliability and validity of subacromial space measurements using ultrasound and MRI
Authors: Boulanger Stephen M. , Mahna Alexandra , Alenabi Talia , Gatti Anthony A. , Culig Oriana , Hynes Loriann M. , Chopp-Hurley Jaclyn N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
While ultrasound (US) measures of the subacromial space (SAS) have demonstrated excellent reliability, measurements are typically captured by experts with extensive ultrasound experience. Further, the agreement between US measured SAS width and other imaging modalities has not been explored. This research evaluated the agreement between SAS measures captured by novice and expert raters and between US and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study also evaluated the effect of US transducer tilt on measured SAS.

Methods
Nine men and nine women participated in this study. US images were captured by a novice and expert with the participant in both seated and supine positions. An inclinometer was fixed to the US probe to measure transducer tilt. SAS width was measured in real time from freeze framed images. MRI images were captured, and the humerus and acromion manually segmented. The SAS width was measured using a custom algorithm.

Results
Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between novice and expert raters were 0.74 and 0.63 for seated and supine positions, respectively. Intra-rater agreement was high for both novice (ICC = 0.83–0.84) and expert (ICC ≥ 0.94) raters. Agreement between US and MRI was poor (ICC = 0.21–0.49) but linearly related.

Conclusions
Moderate agreement between novice and expert raters was demonstrated, while the agreement between US and MRI was poor. High intra-rater reliability within each rater suggests that US measures of the SAS may be completed by a novice with introductory training.
An investigation of a new Lyapunov-type inequality for Katugampola–Hilfer fractional BVP with nonlocal and integral boundary conditions
Authors: Thabet Sabri T. M. , Kedim Imed 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this manuscript, we focus our attention on investigating new Lyapunov-type inequalities (LTIs) for two classes of boundary value problems (BVPs) in the framework of Katugampola–Hilfer fractional derivatives, supplemented by nonlocal, integral, and mixed boundary conditions. The equivalent integral equations of the proposed Katugampola–Hilfer fractional BVPs are established in the context of Green functions. Also, the properties of these Green functions are proved. The LTIs are investigated as sufficient criteria for the existence and nonexistence of nontrivial solutions for the subjected problems. Our systems are more general than in the literature, as a consequence there are many new and known specific cases included. Finally, our results are applied for estimating eigenvalues of two given BVPs.
Slab Reinforcement Contributions to Negative Moment Strength of Reinforced Concrete T-Beam with High Strength Steel at Exterior Beam-Column Joints
Authors: Mamesh Zhamilya , Sailauova Dilnura , Zhang Dichuan , Ju Hyunjin , Lee Deuckhang , Kim Jong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have revealed that the contribution of slab reinforcement to the T-beam flexural strength in negative moment regions are not negligible for the seismic capacity design. An effective slab width (i.e., effective width of flanged section) has been proposed, within which the slab reinforcement needs to be included in the calculation of the beam nominal flexural strength in negative moment regions. These studies mainly focused on the cases using normal-strength steel in moment resisting frames. However, recently high-strength steel has been widely used in reinforced concrete moment resisting frames in high seismic regions to avoid congestion near beam-column joints. The use of high-strength steel may affect the beam stiffness due to the fact that it will require less amount of reinforcement, and result in a different normal stress distribution compared to the case with normal-strength steel. Therefore, this paper investigates the slab reinforcement contribution to the flexural strength of the reinforced concrete T-beam designed with high-strength steel in negative moment regions at exterior beam-column joints, for which nonlinear pushover analyses were conducted. Beam reinforcement grade was considered as a primary parameter with several other design variables including slab thickness, height, and span length of the beam. Analytical results show that the use of high-strength steel can result in a wider effective slab width than the case of normal-strength steel for calculating the beam nominal flexural strength under the negative moment. Based on these results, new design equations were proposed.
Features of immunometabolic depression as predictors of antidepressant treatment outcomes: pooled analysis of four clinical trials
Authors: Vreijling Sarah R. , Chin Fatt Cherise R. , Williams Leanne M. , Schatzberg Alan F. , Usherwood Tim , Nemeroff Charles B. , Rush A. John , Uher Rudolf , Aitchison Katherine J. , Köhler-Forsberg Ole , Rietschel Marcella , Trivedi Madhukar H. , Jha Manish K. , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. , Beekman Aartjan T. F. , Jansen Rick , Lamers Femke 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundProfiling patients on a proposed ‘immunometabolic depression’ (IMD) dimension, described as a cluster of atypical depressive symptoms related to energy regulation and immunometabolic dysregulations, may optimise personalised treatment.AimsTo test the hypothesis that baseline IMD features predict poorer treatment outcomes with antidepressants.MethodData on 2551 individuals with depression across the iSPOT-D (n = 967), CO-MED (n = 665), GENDEP (n = 773) and EMBARC (n = 146) clinical trials were used. Predictors included baseline severity of atypical energy-related symptoms (AES), body mass index (BMI) and C-reactive protein levels (CRP, three trials only) separately and aggregated into an IMD index. Mixed models on the primary outcome (change in depressive symptom severity) and logistic regressions on secondary outcomes (response and remission) were conducted for the individual trial data-sets and pooled using random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsAlthough AES severity and BMI did not predict changes in depressive symptom severity, higher baseline CRP predicted smaller reductions in depressive symptoms (n = 376, βpooled = 0.06, P = 0.049, 95% CI 0.0001–0.12, I2 = 3.61%); this was also found for an IMD index combining these features (n = 372, βpooled = 0.12, s.e. = 0.12, P = 0.031, 95% CI 0.01–0.22, I2= 23.91%), with a higher – but still small – effect size compared with CRP. Confining analyses to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor users indicated larger effects of CRP (βpooled = 0.16) and the IMD index (βpooled = 0.20). Baseline IMD features, both separately and combined, did not predict response or remission.ConclusionsDepressive symptoms of people with more IMD features improved less when treated with antidepressants. However, clinical relevance is limited owing to small effect sizes in inconsistent associations. Whether these patients would benefit more from treatments targeting immunometabolic pathways remains to be investigated.
Normal Levels of Ionized Calcium Despite Persistent Increase in Total Calcium in a Patient With IgA Paraproteinemia
Authors: Portales-Castillo Ignacio , Jalal Abdullah , Kendall Peggy L , Parks Deborah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Approximately half of the calcium in the blood circulates in the ionized, free form; which is critical for cellular function. As a result, its levels are tightly regulated by homeostatic mechanisms dependent on hormones such as PTH, vitamin D, and fibroblast growth factor-23. The other half of the total calcium is in a complex with anions, predominantly albumin. Clinically, the levels of albumin are known to influence the relationship of total calcium to free calcium. However, the relevance of changes in other serum proteins on calcium homeostasis is less appreciated. We present the case of a 70-year-old woman who was followed over 5 years with persistently elevated total calcium levels but with normal ionized calcium levels. Her evaluation was notable for IgA paraprotein, which paralleled her history of elevated total serum calcium. Extensive clinical investigations did not reveal hyperparathyroidism or cancer-mediated hypercalcemia. Additional in vitro analyses comparing the plasma containing the IgA paraprotein against a healthy control revealed that a high-molecular-weight IgA paraprotein in the patient has increased capacity to reduce the amount of free calcium in solution, thus providing a direct mechanistic explanation for the clinical findings.
Inescapable foot shock induces a PTSD-like phenotype and negatively impacts adult murine bone
Authors: Sidles Sara J. , Kelly Ryan R. , Kelly Kirsten D. , Hathaway-Schrader Jessica D. , Khoo Stephanie K. , Jones Jeffrey A. , Cray James J. , LaRue Amanda C. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with osteopenia, osteoporosis and increased fracture risk in the clinical population. Yet, the development of preclinical models to study PTSD-induced bone loss remains limited. In this study, we present a previously unreported model of PTSD in adult female C57BL/6 mice, by employing inescapable foot shock and social isolation, that demonstrates high face and construct validity. A subset of mice exposed to this paradigm (i.e. PTSD mice) display long–term alterations in behavioral and inflammatory indices. Using three–dimensional morphometric calculations, cyclic reference point indentation (cRPI) testing and histological analyses, we find that PTSD mice exhibit loss of trabecular bone, altered bone material quality, and aberrant changes in bone tissue architecture and cellular activity. This adult murine model of PTSD exhibits clinically relevant changes in bone physiology and provides a valuable tool for investigating the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying PTSD-induced bone loss.
The problem of income distribution between labor and capital
Authors: Basovskaya Elena , Basovskiy Leonid 
Published: December 2023

The work is devoted to an attempt to give a quantitative assessment of trends
in the distribution of income between labor and capital in modern Russia.
The work uses Rosstat data on the structure of primary income for the totality of Russian regions as a whole and data on the value of the gross regional product and the value of VIP for 2004–2022. The influence of the per capita gross regional product (GRP) on the distribution of primary income — wages of employees and the aggregate of gross profit of the economy and gross mixed income was assessed. Estimates were given based on the identification of correlations. Linear econometric models were built for the dependence of the share of wages of employees, the share of gross profit of the economy and gross mixed income in GRP on the value of per capita GRP, as well as models of trends in changes in the share of wages and the share of profit and gross mixed income in GDP. The results of the study indicate that the growth of per capita GRP contributes to a decrease in the share of wages of employees and an increase in the share of gross profit of the economy and gross mixed income. In modern Russia, over the past decade, there has been a decrease in the share of wages paid to employees and an increase in the total share of gross profit and gross mixed income. The identified trends do not correspond to the basic principles of development of the post-industrial economy and may be due to the ineffectiveness of economic policies that impede economic development and limit the rate of economic growth.
Significance of fostering the mental health of patients with diabetes through critical time intervention
Authors: Eseadi Chiedu , Amedu Amos Nnaemeka , Aloh Henry Egi 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Critical time intervention (CTI) is an evidence-based model of practice that is time-limited and aims to provide support for most susceptible individuals during a transition period.
AIM
To examine the significance of fostering the mental health of diabetes patients through CTI using the scoping review methodology.
METHODS
As part of the scoping review process, we followed the guidelines established by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The search databases were Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Reference Citation Analysis (https://www.referencecitationanalysis.com/ ), and Cochrane Library. From these databases, 77 articles were retrieved with the aid of carefully selected search terms. However, 19 studies were selected after two reviewers appraised the full texts to ensure that they are all eligible for inclusion, while 54 papers were excluded.
RESULTS
This study revealed that diabetic patients who had experienced homelessness were at higher risk of being diagnosed with mental illness and that social support services are impactful in the management of the comorbidity of diabetes and mental health problems. In addition, this review reveals that CTI is impactful in enhancing the mental health of homeless patients during the transitional period from the hospital through social support services.
CONCLUSION
CTI is a promising intervention for alleviating mental health symptoms in homeless patients. Empirical studies are needed across the globe, involving both hospitalized and community-based patients, to determine how clinically effectively CTI is in managing the mental health of diabetics.
Iatrogenic flexor tendon rupture caused by misdiagnosing sarcoidosis-related flexor tendon contracture as tenosynovitis: A case report
Authors: Yan Rui , Zhang Zhe , Wu Long , Wu Zhi-Peng , Yan He-De 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease characterized by granuloma formation in various organs. Sarcoidosis-related flexor tendon contractures are uncommon in clinical settings. This contracture is similar to stenosing tenosynovitis and potentially leads to misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Herein, we report a rare case of sarcoidosis-related finger flexor tendon contracture that was misdiagnosed as tenosynovitis.
CASE SUMMARY
A 44-year-old woman presented to our department with flexion contracture of the right ring and middle fingers. The patient was misdiagnosed with tenosynovitis and underwent acupotomy release of the A1 pulley of the middle finger in another hospital that resulted in iatrogenic rupture of both the superficial and profundus flexors. Radiological presentation showed multiple sarcoid involvements in the pulmonary locations and ipsilateral forearm. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made based on the presence of non-caseating granulomas with tubercles consisting of Langhans giant cells with lymphocyte infiltration on biopsy, and the patient underwent surgical repair for the contracture. After 2 mo, the patient experienced another spontaneous rupture of the repaired middle finger tendon and underwent surgical re-repair. Satisfactory results were achieved at the 10 mo follow-up after reoperation.
CONCLUSION
Sarcoidosis-related finger contractures are rare; thus, caution should be exercised when dealing with such patients to avoid incorrect treatment.
Post-laparotomy heterotopic ossification of the xiphoid process: A case report
Authors: Lee Seung Soo 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Heterotopic ossification (HO) represents all types of extraskeletal ossification in the body. It occurs in various areas, including the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, and joints. Surgical excision is recommended for symptomatic HO. Postoperative radiotherapy, oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and topical sealants, such as bone wax, have been recommended as preventive measures. As HO is rare in occurrence, these recommendations are based on personal experiences, and there is a lack of information on individualized treatments depending on its location.
CASE SUMMARY
A 62-year-old male was admitted for symptomatic HO along a laparotomy scar. Surgical excision was performed for an 11 cm-sized ossification originating from the xiphoid process, and bone wax was applied to the excisional margin. However, the surgical wound failed to heal. After several weeks of saline-soaked gauze dressing, delayed wound closure was performed. The patient was finally discharged eight weeks after the excision. Because HO can occur in various areas of the body, a treatment strategy that may be effective for some may not be for others. Bone wax has been used as a topical sealant over excisional margins in the shoulder, elbow, and temporomandibular joints. However, in our case, its application on an abdominal surgical wound delayed its primary healing intention. The valuable lesson was that, when choosing a treatment method for HO based on available research data, its location must be considered.
CONCLUSION
Complete excision should be the priority treatment option for symptomatic HO along the laparotomy scar. Bone wax application is not recommended.
Balloon displacement during caesarean section with pernicious placenta previa: A case report
Authors: Gu Deng-Feng , Deng Chao 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
For the past few years, preventive interventional therapy has been widely used domestically and overseas, bringing great benefits to pregnant women at high-risk for complications, such as pernicious placenta previa (PPP) and placenta accreta. Nevertheless, there are still few reports on surgical complications related to interventional therapy, and its safety should be a concern.
CASE SUMMARY
We report a 36-year-old pregnant woman with PPP who underwent balloon implantation in the lower segment of the abdominal aorta before caesarean section. However, the balloon shifted during the operation, which damaged the arterial vessels after filling, resulting in severe postpartum haemorrhage in the patient. Fortunately, after emergency interventional stent implantation, the patient was successfully relieved of the massive haemorrhage crisis.
CONCLUSION
It seems that massive postoperative bleeding has been largely avoided in preventive interventional therapy in high-risk pregnant women with placenta-related diseases, but surgical complications related to intervention therapy can also cause adverse consequences. It is equally important for clinical doctors to learn how to promptly identify and effectively treat these rare complications.
Effects of video game-based therapy in an adolescent with cerebral palsy: A case report
Authors: Mohd Iqbal Huda Aliah , Ho Wei Sheng , Zanudin Asfarina , Hisham Hafifi , Mohd Nordin Nor Azlin 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Herein, we report the case of a 13-year-old boy with spastic quadriplegia cerebral palsy (CP) at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level II, engaging in a 6-wk video game-based therapy (VBT) program. This study aimed to offer essential insights regarding VBT’s impact on enhancing the physical function and improving the quality of life (QoL) of adolescents diagnosed with CP. This report provides a distinctive viewpoint that can inform and direct future clinical practices and research endeavors.
CASE SUMMARY
The boy presented with moderate mobility, balance, and overall well-being. He faced challenges with diminished lower limb strength, which affected his daily living and physical fitness capabilities. Our participant was diagnosed with spastic quadriplegic CP at GMFCS level II. He participated in a 6-wk program of VBT using a play station. This innovative approach incorporates warm-up exercises, interactive activities, and cool-down routines, targeting various movements, including single-leg stance, weight shifting, kicking, jumping, marching, and squatting. After VBT, the strength of the left hip extensor significantly increased from 199.3 N to 541.3 N. Distance covered as part of a 6-min walk test increased by 82 m. His Paediatric QoL Inventory score increased dramatically by 25.9%.
CONCLUSION
VBT is an innovative, individualized therapy that enhances physical function and QoL in CP, emphasizing its role in ambulatory patients.
Transauricular nerve stimulation in acute ischaemic stroke requiring mechanical thrombectomy: Protocol for a phase 2A, proof-of-concept, sham-controlled randomised trial
Authors: Ackland Gareth L. , Martin Tim , Joseph Mareena , Dias Priyanthi , Hameed Rizwan , Gutierrez del Arroyo Ana , Hewson Russ , Abbott Tom E. F. , Spooner Oliver , Bhogal Pervinder 
Published: December 2023

Background
Labile blood pressure after acute ischaemic stroke requiring mechanical thrombectomy is independently associated with poor patient outcomes.

Objectives
This study protocol describes is designed to determine whether transauricular nerve stimulation, improves baroreflex sensitivity, reduces blood pressure variability in the first 24 hours after acute ischaemic stroke requiring mechanical thrombectomy.

Design: Phase 2A, proof-of-concept, sham-controlled randomised trial
Methods and Analysis: 36 individuals undergoing mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke with established hypertension aged >18 years will be randomly allocated to receive bilateral active or sham transauricular nerve stimulation for the duration of the mechanical thrombectomy procedure (AffeX-CT/001 investigational device). The intervention will be repeated for 1h the morning following the mechanical thrombectomy. Non-invasive blood pressure will be measured ≥2h for 24h after mechanical thrombectomy. Holter electrocardiographic monitoring will be recorded during transauricular nerve stimulation. Participants, clinicians and investigators will be masked to treatment allocations. The primary outcome will be the coefficient of variation of systolic blood pressure. Secondary outcomes include additional estimates of blood pressure variability and time/frequency-domain measures of autonomic cardiac modulation An adjusted sample size of 36 patients is required to have a 90% chance of detecting, as significant at the 5% level, a difference in the coefficient of variation in systolic blood pressure of 5±4mmHg between sham and active stimulation [assuming 5% non-compliance rate in each group].
Ethics: confirmed on 16 March 2023 by HRA and Health and Care Research Wales ethics committee (reference 23/WA/0013)

Discussion
This study will provide proof-of-concept data that examines whether non-invasive autonomic neuromodulation can be used to favourably modify blood pressure and autonomic control after acute ischaemic stroke requiring mechanical thrombectomy.

Trial registration
Trial registration number: NCT05417009.