bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescent Cybervictimization in 31 Countries: The Gender Gap, Gendered Opportunity, and the Contextual Influence of Gender Stratification
Authors: Deryol Rustu , McNealey Rachel L , Wilcox Pamela 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study examined the gender gap, gendered opportunity, and the contextual influence of gender inequality and women’s absolute status with respect to online stalking victimization and online image-based victimization (IBV) among youths in 31 countries. Descriptive analysis allowed for comparison of prevalence of online stalking and IBV across gender. We estimated sex-specific hierarchical logistic regression models that examined the relationships between indicators of risky lifestyle, social attachments, physical/social vulnerability and online stalking victimization and IBV. We estimated multilevel models that focused on the linear and curvilinear effects of country-level gender inequality and women’s absolute status (WAS) on the average country-level odds of online stalking victimization and IBV. There were both cross-gender similarities and differences regarding the individual-level correlates of both types of adolescent cybervictimization examined. Countries that had relatively greater gender inequality tended to exhibit a higher prevalence of boys’ and girls’ victimization. Findings suggest that student-level programs should address risk, vulnerability, and protective factors across the three student life domains of risky lifestyle, social attachments, and physical and social vulnerability. Addressing risky lifestyle seems particularly important for reducing girls’ victimization. Moreover, reducing gender inequality or increasing women’s absolute status can play a role in reducing youth online victimization generally.
Evaluation of the Everyday Memory Questionnaire-Revised in a menopausal population: understanding the brain fog during menopause
Authors: Zhu Chen , Thomas Elizabeth HX , Li Qi , Arunogiri Shalini , Thomas Natalie , Gurvich Caroline 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Brain fog (ie, memory complaints and concentration difficulties) is frequently reported during the menopausal transition. There is lack of standardized scales available to measure brain fog across the menopausal transition. This study aimed to evaluate the factor structure of the Everyday Memory Questionnaire-Revised (EMQ-R) and to determine the most commonly reported everyday cognitive symptoms in a menopausal population.

Methods
Four hundred seventeen eligible women aged from 40 to 60 years (107 premenopausal, 149 perimenopausal, and 161 early postmenopausal) were recruited from the general community and were included in the analyses. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the model fit of the bifactor structure (ie, 4-item attentional subscale ranged 0-16, 7-item retrieval subscale ranged 0-28) of the 13-item EMQ-R (ranged 0-52) in a menopausal populations. Typical items in the retrieval subscale include “difficulty finding words,” the attentional subscale include “difficulty following the thread of a story,” and analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of covariance were used to investigate the group differences of individual items and two subscales.

Results
Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the bifactor structure of the EMQ-R has a good fit in all three groups. A significant difference was identified in the mean retrieval scores (pre: 11.8, peri: 13.6, early post: 11.7) but not in the mean attentional scores (pre: 4.53, peri: 5.01, early post: 4.65).

Conclusions
The EMQ-R retrieval subscale may serve as a potential instrument to assess memory retrieval symptoms that contribute to “brain fog” in menopause. Increased memory retrieval complaints reported by the perimenopausal group suggests a transition-related memory retrieval dysfunction during menopausal transition.
Clinical Ultrasound Training in Emergency Medicine Advanced Practice Provider Residencies
Authors: Junker Christian , Vakkalanka Priyanka , Wittrock Cory 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Clinical ultrasound training is essential to any emergency medicine (EM) clinician's skill set. We aim to understand the current training patterns of clinical ultrasound training within Advanced Practice Provider (APP) residencies.

Methods
In a survey sent electronically to 17 active EM APP residencies, data were obtained from 21 responses to questions about structure of ultrasound faculty, quality assessment, feedback, and competency evaluation.

Results
We had a response rate of 88%. Of programs surveyed, 93% were associated with EM physician residencies with 87% led by an ultrasound fellowship-trained EM physician. Ninety-three percent of programs required proctored scanning. Sixty percent of programs do not have any required number of scans to graduate.

Conclusion
We found that most EM APP residencies share clinical ultrasound faculty, structures, and processes with associated EM physician residencies. We believe that quality training within clinical ultrasound is attainable; however, proficiency guidelines across EM APP residency programs are lacking.
Impact of emergency department length of stay on in-hospital mortality: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Balen Frederic , Routoulp Simon , Charpentier Sandrine , Azema Olivier , Houze-Cerfon Charles-Henri , Dubucs Xavier , Lauque Dominique 
Published: October 2023

Background and importance
Emergency Department (ED) workload may lead to ED crowding and increased ED length of stay (LOS). ED crowding has been shown to be associated with adverse events and increasing mortality. We hypothesised that ED-LOS is associated with mortality.

Objective
To study the relationship between ED-LOS and in-hospital mortality.

Design
Observational retrospective cohort study.

Settings and participants
From 1 January 2015 to 30 September 2018, all visits by patients aged 15 or older to one of the two ED at Toulouse University Hospital were screened. Patients admitted to the hospital after ED visits were included. Visits followed by ED discharge, in-ED death or transfer to ICU or another hospital were not included.

Outcome measure and analysis
The primary outcome was 30-day in-hospital mortality. ED-LOS was defined as time from ED registration to inpatient admission. ED-LOS was categorised according to quartiles [<303 min (Q1), between 303 and 433 minutes (Q2), between 434 and 612 minutes (Q3) and >612 min (Q4)]. A multivariable logistic regression tested the association between ED-LOS and in-hospital mortality.

Main results
A total of 49 913 patients were admitted to our hospital after ED visits and included in the study. ED-LOS was not independently associated with in-hospital mortality. Compared to ED-LOS < 303 min (Q1, reference), odd-ratios (OR) [95% CI] of in-hospital mortality for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were respectively 0.872 [0.747–1.017], 0.906 [0.777–1.056], and 1.137 [0.985–1.312]. Factors associated to in-hospital mortality were: aged over 75 years (OR [95% CI] = 4.3 [3.8–4.9]), Charlson Comorbidity Index score > 1 (OR [95% CI] = 1.3 [1.1–1.5], and 2.2 [1.9–2.5] for scores 2 and ≥ 3 respectively), high acuity at triage (OR [95% CI] = 3.9 [3.5–4.4]), ED visit at Hospital 1 (OR [95% CI] = 1.6 [1.4–1.7]), and illness diagnosis compared to trauma (OR [95% CI] = 2.1 [1.7–2.6]). Night-time arrival was associated with decreased in-hospital mortality (OR [95% CI] = 0.852 [0.767–0.947]).

Conclusion
In this retrospective cohort study, there was no independent association between ED-LOS before admission to general non-ICU wards and in-patient mortality.
Association between mortality and phone-line waiting time for non-urgent medical care: a Danish registry-based cohort study
Authors: Mills Elisabeth Helen Anna , Møller Amalie Lykkemark , Gnesin Filip , Zylyftari Nertila , Jensen Britta , Christensen Helle Collatz , Blomberg Stig Nikolaj , Kragholm Kristian Hay , Gislason Gunnar , Køber Lars , Gerds Thomas , Folke Fredrik , Lippert Freddy , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Andersen Mikkel Porsborg 
Published: October 2023

Background and importance
Telephone calls are often patients’ first healthcare service contact, outcomes associated with waiting times are unknown.

Objectives
Examine the association between waiting time to answer for a medical helpline and 1- and 30-day mortality.

Design, setting and participants
Registry-based cohort study using phone calls data (January 2014 to December 2018) to the Capital Region of Denmark’s medical helpline. The service refers to hospital assessment/treatment, dispatches ambulances, or suggests self-care guidance.

Exposure
Waiting time was grouped into the following time intervals in accordance with political service targets for waiting time in the Capital Region: <30 s, 0:30–2:59, 3–9:59, and ≥10 min.

Outcome measures and analysis
The association between time intervals and 1- and 30-day mortality per call was calculated using logistic regression with strata defined by age and sex.

Main results
In total, 1 244 252 callers were included, phoning 3 956 243 times, and 78% of calls waited <10 min. Among callers, 30-day mortality was 1% (16 560 deaths). For calls by females aged 85–110 30-day mortality increased with longer waiting time, particularly within the first minute: 9.6% for waiting time <30 s, 10.8% between 30 s and 1 minute and 9.1% between 1 and 2 minutes. For calls by males aged 85–110 30-day mortality was 11.1%, 12.9% and 11.1%, respectively. Additionally, among calls with a Charlson score of 2 or higher, longer waiting times were likewise associated with increased mortality. For calls by females aged 85–110 30-day mortality was 11.6% for waiting time <30 s, 12.9% between 30 s and 1 minute and 11.2% between 1 and 2 minutes. For calls by males aged 85–110 30-day mortality was 12.7%, 14.1% and 12.6%, respectively. Fewer ambulances were dispatched with longer waiting times (4%/2%) with waiting times <30 s and >10 min.

Conclusion
Longer waiting times for telephone contact to a medical helpline were associated with increased 1- and 30-day mortality within the first minute, especially among elderly or more comorbid callers.
High-density lipoprotein functionality, cardiovascular health, and patterns of alcohol consumption: new insights and future perspectives
Authors: Trius-Soler Marta , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Guasch-Ferré Marta 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) pose a significant public health challenge, contributing to 422 million disability-adjusted life years in 2021. The role of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and alcohol consumption, one of their major modifiable determinants, remains controversial. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive narrative overview of HDL functionality and its predictive value for CVD in relation to patterns of alcohol consumption.

Recent findings
HDL phenotypes beyond HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) such as distribution of HDL subspecies, HDL particle abundance, and reverse cholesterol transport capacity are promising indicators of atherosclerotic CVD risk. Low-to-moderate alcohol consumption seems to improve HDL functionality and reduce the incidence of CVD among primarily middle-aged men and postmenopausal women. Advancements in our understanding of HDL biogenesis, structure, and function hold promise for improving HDL-related measures and their predictive value for cardiovascular health.

Summary
Low-to-moderate alcohol consumption appears to not only increase HDL-c concentration found in the HDL fraction of plasma but also enhance HDL functionality, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms linking alcohol exposure and cardiovascular health benefits. However, rigorous, well designed intervention trials of alcohol consumption on hard cardiovascular outcomes are needed to identify robust causal associations of HDL phenotypes and alcohol consumption with cardiovascular risk.
The Experiences of Female Partners of Patients With Erectile Dysfunction Due to Prostate Cancer Treatment in China
Authors: Wang Tong , Cheng Hui-Lin , Li Kai-Wen , Wong Ping Kit Kitty , Dong Wen 
Published: October 2023

Background
Because of sociocultural factors, Chinese female partners of patients with prostate cancer (PC) may have perspectives and needs that differ from the more published reports of female partners living in Western cultures.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of female partners of patients with PC experiencing erectile dysfunction in China.

Interventions/Methods
In this interpretive descriptive design, qualitative data were collected from semistructured telephone interviews with purposively sampled participants from the urology outpatient unit in a hospital in South China. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using a constant comparison approach.

Results
Three themes emerged from the analysis of the participants’ narratives: (a) acceptance of ceasing sex; (b) preserving intimacy through caregiving; and (c) the need for sexual health–related information.

Conclusion
Participants in this study reported that their own sexuality and intimacy were affected by their partner’s erectile dysfunction, but they adjusted to sexuality and intimacy changes through their caregiving of their husbands owing to Chinese traditional perspectives on women’s obligations. They also reported having unmet informational needs in improving sexual well-being for the sake of their partners, lending further support to the likely benefit of couple-based educational interventions addressing sexual wellness in dyads affected by PC and erectile dysfunction.

Implications for Practice
The present study findings highlighted the need for more research attention to the support of Chinese female partners of patients with PC regarding sexual and intimate topics.
CAMHS Clinician Attitudes to Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence Across Scotland
Authors: Foubister Louise , Simpson Struan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS) clinicians have been reported to hold negative views toward the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in adolescence. We aimed to reevaluate with the expectation that recent advances have nurtured more positive attitudes. One hundred ninety clinicians working across CAMHS in Scotland completed a 16-item electronic survey of attitudes to BPD, derived from the Attitudes and Skills Questionnaire. Eighty-three percent of psychiatrists, 72% of nurses, and 37% of psychologists surveyed agreed that BPD is a valid diagnosis in adolescence, and 92%, 74%, and 44%, respectively, were willing to make this diagnosis. CAMHS clinicians were more optimistic compared with clinicians working in adult mental health services. CAMHS clinicians' responses may indicate increased acceptance of BPD in the adolescent population. There is a thirst for workforce education and training. Consideration should be taken to actively move the focus of identification and diagnosis of BPD into CAMHS rather than the current culture of late diagnosis.
Introducing the Staff-Administered Meal Independence Rating Scale for Use Among Patients With Serious Mental Illnesses
Authors: Ehntholt Amy , Fu En , Pope Leah G. , Rotter Merrill , Compton Michael T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
For individuals living with serious mental illnesses (SMIs), inadequate meal preparation skills can hinder the ability to live independently; yet rating scales tailored for this population are lacking. We describe development, item analysis, and initial reliability and validity of the Staff-Administered Meal Independence Rating Scale (SAMIRS). After item development involving expert consultation, two rounds of pilot testing (n = 188, n = 293) were conducted in inpatient and residential settings (transitional living residences [TLRs] and community residences [CRs]). For initial testing of convergent validity, Pearson correlations with Specific Levels of Functioning (SLOF) scale items were computed. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a single factor; Cronbach's alpha was high (0.98). The mean SAMIRS score varied by setting: CR residents scored higher than those in TLRs or inpatient units. Scores were highly correlated with SLOF items measuring community living skills. Although further study is warranted, the SAMIRS could be a useful tool in rating functional needs pertaining to meal independence among individuals with SMI.
Outcomes of Early versus Standard Closure of Diverting Ileostomy after Proctectomy
Authors: Emile Sameh Hany , Horesh Nir , Garoufalia Zoe , Gefen Rachel , Ray-Offor Emeka , Wexner Steven D. 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
We aimed to compare outcomes of early and standard closure of diverting loop ileostomy (DLI) after proctectomy and determine risk factors for anastomotic leak (AL) and complications.

Summary Background Data:
Formation of DLI has been a routine practice after proctectomy to decrease the incidence and potential adverse sequela of AL.

Methods:
PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared outcomes of early versus standard closure of DLI after proctectomy. Main outcome measures were postoperative complications, AL, ileus, surgical site infection (SSI), reoperation, readmission, and hospital stay following DLI closure.

Results:
Eleven RCTs (932 patients; 57% male) were included. Early closure group included 474 patients and standard closure 458 patients. Early closure was associated with higher odds of AL (OR: 2.315, P=0.013) and similar odds of complications (OR: 1.103, P=0.667), ileus (OR: 1.307, P=0.438), SSI (OR:1.668, P=0.079), reoperation (OR: 1.896, P=0.062) and readmission (OR: 3.431, P=0.206). Hospital stay was similar (WMD: 1.054, P=0.237). Early closure had higher odds of AL than standard closure when early closure was done ≤2 weeks (OR: 2.12, P=0.047) but not within 3-4 weeks (OR: 2.98, P=0.107). Factors significantly associated with complications after early closure were diabetes mellitus, smoking, and closure of DLI ≤2 weeks whereas factors associated with AL were ≥ASA II classification and diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions:
Early closure of DLI after proctectomy has a higher risk of AL, particularly within two weeks of DLI formation. On the basis of this study, routine early ileostomy closure cannot be recommended.
Pan-genome of pear provides insights into the fruit quality traits differentiation between Asian and European pears
Authors: Ding Baopeng , Hu Haifei , Liu Tingting , Qamar Muhammad Tahir ul , Lin Yujing , Xu Ruirui , Chen Zhiwen , Song Yuqin , He Guangqi , Han Youzhi , Guo Huangping , Qiao Jun , Zhao Jianguo , Feng Xinxin , Yang Sheng , He Shaofang , Li Liulin , Varshney Rajeev K. , Guo Xuhu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe pear (Pyrus spp.) is a remarkable fruit, well known for its diverse flavors, textures, culinary versatility, and global horticultural importance. However, the genetic diversity responsible for its extensive phenotypic variations remains largely unexplored. Here, wede novoassembled and annotated the genomes of the maternal (PsbM) and paternal (PsbF) lines of the hybrid ‘Yuluxiang’ pear and constructed the first pear pangenome of 1.15Gb by combining these two genomes with five previously published pear genomes. Using the constructed pangenome, we identified 21,224 gene PAVs and 1,158,812 SNPs in the non-reference genome that were absent in the PsbM reference genome. Compared with SNP markers, we found that PAV-based analysis provides additional insights into the pear population structure. In addition, we also revealed that some genes associated with pear fruit quality traits have differential occurrence frequencies and differential gene expression between Asian and European populations. Moreover, our analysis of the pear pangenome revealed a mutated SNP and an insertion in the promoter region of the genePsbMGH3.1potentially enhances sepal shedding in ‘Xuehuali’ which is vital for pear quality. This research helps further capture the genetic diversity of pear populations and provides valuable genomic resources for accelerating pear breeding.
Pathogenic Morphological Signatures of Perturbations in Mitochondrial-Related Genes Revealed by Pooled Imaging Assay
Authors: Kremitzki Colin , Waligorski Jason , Bachman Graham , Mohammed Ali Lina , Bramley John , Vakaki Maria , Chandrasekaren Vinay , Patel Purva , Mather Dhruv , Hime Paul , Mitra Robi , Milbrandt Jeff , Buchser William 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMutations in mitochondrial-related genes underlie numerous neurodegenerative diseases, yet the significance of most variants remains uncertain concerning disease phenotypes. Several thousand genes have been shown to regulate mitochondria in eukaryotic cells, but which of these genes are necessary for proper mitochondrial dynamics? We investigated the degree of morphological disruptions in mitochondrial gene-silenced cells to understand the magnitude of genetic contribution to properly functioning mitochondria and to identify pathogenic variants. We analyzed 5,835 gRNAs in a high dimensional phenotypic dataset produced by the image-based pooled analysis platform Raft-Seq. Using the MFN2-mutant cell phenotype, we identified several genes, including TMEM11, TIMM8A, and three NADH Ubiquinone proteins, as crucial for normal mitochondrial morphology in human U2OS cells. Additionally, we found several missense and UTR variants within the genes SLC25A19 and ATAD3A as drivers of mitochondrial aggregation. By examining multiple features instead of a single readout, this analysis was powered to detect genes which had morphological ‘signatures’ aligned with MFN2-mutant phenotypes. Reanalysis with anomaly detection revealed other critical genes, including APOOL, MCEE, NIT, PHB, and SLC16A7, which perturb mitochondrial network morphology in a manner divergent from MFN2. These studies offer insights into the molecular basis for mitochondrial dysfunction, setting the stage for new genomic diagnostics and therapeutic discovery.
Cellular rejuvenation protects neurons from inflammation mediated cell death
Authors: Drake Sienna S. , Mohammadnia Abdulshakour , Heale Kali , Groh Adam M.R. , Hua Elizabeth M.-L. , Zaman Aliyah , Hintermayer Matthew A. , Zandee Stephanie , Gosselin David , Stratton Jo Anne , Sinclair David A. , Fournier Alyson E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn multiple sclerosis (MS), the invasion of the central nervous system by peripheral immune cells is followed by the activation of resident microglia and astrocytes. This cascade of events results in demyelination, which triggers neuronal damage and death. The molecular signals in neurons responsible for this damage are not yet fully characterized. In MS, retinal ganglion cell neurons (RGCs) of the central nervous system (CNS) undergo axonal injury and cell death. This phenomenon is mirrored in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS. To understand the molecular landscape, we isolated RGCs from mice subjected to the EAE protocol. RNA-sequencing and ATAC-sequencing analyses were performed. Pathway analysis of the RNA-sequencing data revealed that RGCs displayed a molecular signature, similar to aged neurons, showcasing features of senescence. Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of neurons from human MS patients revealed a comparable senescence-like phenotype., which was supported by immunostaining RGCs in EAE mice. These changes include alterations to the nuclear envelope, modifications in chromatin marks, and accumulation of DNA damage. Transduction of RGCs with anOct4-Sox2-Klf4transgene to convert neurons in the EAE model to a more youthful epigenetic and transcriptomic state enhanced the survival of RGCs. Collectively, this research uncovers a previously unidentified senescent-like phenotype in neurons under pathological inflammation and neurons from MS patients. The rejuvenation of this aged transcriptome improved visual acuity and neuronal survival in the EAE model supporting the idea that age rejuvenation therapies and senotherapeutic agents could offer a direct means of neuroprotection in autoimmune disorders.