bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol use and suicide-related outcomes in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mulligan Lee D. , Varese Filippo , Harris Kamelia , Haddock Gillian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSuicide is the leading cause of unnatural death among people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Alcohol use is a prevalent comorbid feature of schizophrenia and a modifiable risk factor for suicide. We conducted a prospectively registered (PROSPERO, CRD42022358214) systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the relationship between alcohol use and suicide-related outcomes in schizophrenia.We searched Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO for cross-sectional, case–control and longitudinal studies using exhaustive terms from database inception to December 2022 inclusive. Computation of odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were performed using a random-effects model with DerSimonian–Laird estimation. We also evaluated publication bias, study quality, and performed subgroup analysis and meta-regression. Fifty studies, comprising 65 samples, met eligibility criteria. Overall, alcohol use was associated with suicide (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.21–1.58; HR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.00–1.74), attempted suicide (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.45–1.98), and suicidal ideation (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.22–2.34). While there was no evidence of publication bias, between-sample heterogeneity was moderate in analyses of attempted suicide (I2 = 39.6%, p = 0.01) and suicidal ideation (I2 = 56.0%, p = 0.01). Summary effects were significant in all subgroups except for longitudinal studies of attempted suicide (OR 1.60, 95% CI 0.86–3.00) and studies of suicidal ideation using gender combined samples (OR 1.63, 95% CI 0.99–2.67). Alcohol use is significantly associated with suicide-related outcomes in schizophrenia. Clinicians should routinely inquire about alcohol use in mental health services to focus preventative treatment efforts.
Palliative care providers’ roles in medical assistance in dying decision-making triads with patients and families: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Serota Kristie , Hubert Matthieu , Joolaee Soodabeh , Ho Anita 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesResearch on medical assistance in dying (MAiD) decision-making indicates that family members and close friends are often involved in making decisions with patients and their care providers. This decision-making model comprising patients, family members, and palliative care providers (PCPs) has been described as a triad. The objective of this study is to understand PCPs’ experiences engaging in MAiD-related decision-making triads with patients and their families in Canada.MethodsSemi-structured qualitative interviews were analyzed using interpretive description.ResultsWe interviewed 48 specialist PCPs in Vancouver (26) and Toronto (22). Interviews were audio-recorded, professionally transcribed, and coded using a coding framework. PCPs take on 5 notable roles in their work with family members around MAiD. They provide emotional support and counseling, balance confidentiality between patients and families, provide education, coordinate support, and mediate family dynamics.Significance of resultsPCPs take on multiple roles in working with patients and families to make decisions about MAiD. As patients and families may require different forms of support throughout the MAiD pathway, PCPs can benefit from institutional and interprofessional resources to enhance their ability to support patients and families in decision-making and bereavement.
Beyond Social Class – Psychometric Properties of the	Spanish-Language Version of the Personal Relative Deprivation Scale and Its	Associations With Intra- and Interpersonal Outcomes
Authors: Navarro-Carrillo Ginés , Martínez-Sánchez Celia A. , Moya-Garófano Alba , Torres-Marín Jorge 
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The Personal Relative Deprivation Scale (PRDS; Callan et al., 2008 , 2011 ) captures feelings of dissatisfaction and resentment deriving from the judgment that one is deprived of personally relevant outcomes compared to what other (similar) individuals have. Despite its good psychometric properties in Western English-speaking samples, recent investigations on the generalization of the PRDS to other cultural contexts have shown inconsistencies in reproducing the unidimensional latent structure and high internal consistency of its scores. Using expert evaluations and empirical data from seven community samples ( NTOTAL = 1,985), this multi-study investigation developed and validated the Spanish-language version of the PRDS (SP-PRDS). Our instrument first demonstrated robust unidimensionality, invariance across gender and age groups, and high internal and temporal consistency. Furthermore, our investigation found that this measure exhibits a coherent network of correlates with intra- and interpersonal psychological outcomes. SP-PRDS scores were connected with reduced subjective and psychological well-being. They were also more strongly related to broader affective manifestations (high envy, anger, and hostility) than to more concrete behaviors (physical/verbal aggression, prosocial behaviors, and online trolling). Notably, these associations were independent of individuals’ social class. The SP-PRDS represents a promising tool for measuring PRD in Spain and, potentially, in other Spanish-speaking populations worldwide.
High-throughput electron tomography identifies centriole over-elongation as an early event in plasma cell disorders
Authors: Köhrer Sebastian , Dittrich Tobias , Schorb Martin , Weinhold Niels , Haberbosch Isabella , Börmel Mandy , Pajor Gabor , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Raab Marc S. , John Lukas , Seckinger Anja , Brobeil Alexander , Dreger Peter , Tornóczky Tamás , Pajor László , Hegenbart Ute , Schönland Stefan O. , Schwab Yannick , Krämer Alwin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlasma cell disorders are clonal outgrowths of pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells, characterized by extensive chromosomal aberrations. Centrosome abnormalities are a major driver of chromosomal instability in cancer but their origin, incidence, and composition in primary tumor cells is poorly understood. Using cutting-edge, semi-automated high-throughput electron tomography, we characterized at nanoscale 1386 centrioles in CD138pos plasma cells from eight healthy donors and 21 patients with plasma cell disorders, and 722 centrioles from different control populations. In plasma cells from healthy individuals, over-elongated centrioles accumulated with age. In plasma cell disorders, centriole over-elongation was notably frequent in early, pre-malignant disease stages, became less pronounced in overt multiple myeloma, and almost entirely disappeared in aggressive plasma cell leukemia. Centrioles in other types of patient-derived B cell neoplasms showed no over-elongation. In contrast to current belief, centriole length appears to be highly variable in long-lived, healthy plasma cells, and over-elongation and structural aberrations are common in this cell type. Our data suggest that structural centrosome aberrations accumulate with age in healthy CD138pos plasma cells and may thus play an important role in early aneuploidization as an oncogenic driver in plasma cell disorders.
Visual analytics of route recommendation for tourist evacuation based on graph neural network
Authors: Zhang Lin , Xu Jifeng , Pan Xiaotian , Ye Jianing , Wang Weijie , Liu Yanan , Wei Qian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe overcrowding of scenic spots not only threatens tourists’ safety but also affects the travel experience. Traditional methods for addressing tourist overload have involved limited access and guided evacuation. While limited access has been effective, it often results in a diminished tourist experience. Moreover, the existing guided evacuation rarely considers the impact on tourists’ experience, resulting in a low willingness to cooperate and making it difficult to estimate evacuation effort efficiency. To solve these problems, this paper proposed a tourist evacuation route recommendation algorithm based on a graph neural network considering the similarity of tourism styles (PER-GCN) and designed a visualization system to simulate and analyse evacuation efficiency. First, the interaction matrix of tourists and scenic spots was constructed using graph mining to extract the high-order interaction information. In the output layer, the similarity between scenic spots and tourism styles was calculated to further improve the accuracy of scenic spot recommendations. Second, due to route complexity and the real-time carrying capacity of scenic spots, the researchers optimized the evacuation routes. Finally, taking the West Lake spot as the case study, the effectiveness of PER-GCN was verified. Additionally, a visualization system was designed to monitor tourist flow in real time and analyse tourist portraits according to the clustering results of scenic spot styles. In addition, the evacuation efficiency of scenic spots was analysed by adjusting the parameters of tourists’ willingness to cooperate, evacuation batch, and the weight of route complexity and scenic spot carrying capacity.
Therapeutic vaccination following early antiretroviral therapy elicits highly functional T cell responses against conserved HIV-1 regions
Authors: Kopycinski Jakub , Yang Hongbing , Hancock Gemma , Pace Matthew , Kim Ellen , Frater John , Stöhr Wolfgang , Hanke Tomás , Fidler Sarah , Dorrell Lucy ,   RIVER trial study group
Published: October 2023

Abstract‘Kick and kill’ cure strategies aim to induce HIV protein expression in latently infected cells (kick), and thus trigger their elimination by cytolytic T cells (kill). In the Research in Viral Eradication of HIV Reservoirs trial (NCT02336074), people diagnosed with primary HIV infection received immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) and were randomised 24 weeks later to either a latency-reversing agent, vorinostat, together with ChAdV63.HIVconsv and MVA.HIVconsv vaccines, or ART alone. This intervention conferred no reduction in HIV-1 reservoir size over ART alone, despite boosting virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The effects of the intervention were examined at the cellular level in the two trial arms using unbiased computational analysis of polyfunctional scores. This showed that the frequency and polyfunctionality of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations were significantly increased over 12 weeks post-vaccination, compared to the ART-only arm. HIV-specific IL-2-secreting CD8+ T cells also expanded significantly in the intervention arm and were correlated with antiviral activity against heterologous HIV in vitro. Therapeutic vaccination during ART commenced in primary infection can induce functional T cell responses that are phenotypically similar to those of HIV controllers. Analytical therapy interruption may help determine their ability to control HIV in vivo.
A large-scale empirical investigation of specialization in criminal career
Authors: Heiler Georg , Pham Tuan , Korbel Jan , Wachs Johannes , Thurner Stefan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe use a comprehensive longitudinal dataset on criminal acts over 6 years in a European country to study specialization in criminal careers. We present a method to cluster crime categories by their relative co-occurrence within criminal careers, deriving a natural, data-based taxonomy of criminal specialization. Defining specialists as active criminals who stay within one category of offending behavior, we study their socio-demographic attributes, geographic range, and positions in their collaboration networks relative to their generalist counterparts. Compared to generalists, specialists tend to be older, are more likely to be women, operate within a smaller geographic range, and collaborate in smaller, more tightly-knit local networks. We observe that specialists are more intensely embedded in criminal networks, suggesting a potential source of self-reinforcing dynamics in criminal careers.
Changes in leg length and hip offset in navigated imageless vs. conventional total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Laggner Roberta , Oktarina Anastasia , Windhager Reinhard , Bostrom Mathias P. G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile previous studies on navigated total hip replacement (nTHA) focused on acetabular component positioning, we compared the results of nTHA with conventional total hip replacement (cTHA) in respect of changes in leg length and hip offset. In a single-center study results radiographic parameters of patients with unilateral THA were included. Data were retrospectively analyzed from computer navigation data and radiographs. Analysis concentrated on the discrepancy in leg length (LLD) and hip offset (OSD) between the affected and unaffected hip. The effect of the procedure was defined as the difference between postoperative and preoperative LLD and OSD values in each group. 2332 patients were analyzed. Both nTHA and cTHA were effective in restoring LLD and OSD by reducing the preoperative value significantly (p < 0.001). Regarding changes in LLD, no statistical difference between nTHA and cTHA could be found. Changes in OSD nTHA was a slightly more effective than cTHA (− 2.06 ± 6.00 mm vs. − 1.50 ± 5.35 mm; p < 0.05). Both navigated and conventional THA were successful in reconstruction of leg length and hip offset, while postoperative offset discrepancy was significantly lower in the navigated group at the cost of longer operation times. If these results are clinically relevant further investigation is needed.
5 year follow up of a hydroxyapatite coated short stem femoral component for hip arthroplasty: a prospective multicentre study
Authors: Karia Monil , Logishetty Kartik , Johal Hardeep , Edwards Thomas C. , Cobb Justin P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractShort stem, uncemented femoral implants for hip arthroplasty are bone conserving achieving stability through initial metaphyseal press-fit and biological fixation. This study aimed to evaluate the survivorship, mid-term function and health related quality of life outcomes in patients who have undergone total hip arthroplasty (THA) with a fully hydroxyapatite coated straight short stem femoral component with up to 5 years follow-up. 668 patients were recruited to a multicentre study investigating the performance of the cementless Furlong Evolution® stem for THA. 137 patients withdrew at various time points. The mean follow-up was 49 months. Clinical (Harris Hip Score (HHS), radiographic and patient-reported outcome measures—Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D), were recorded pre-operatively and at 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, 3 year and 5 year follow ups. At 5-year follow-up, 12 patients underwent revision surgery, representing a cumulative revision rate of 1.8%. Median OHS, HHS and EQ5D scores improved significantly: OHS improved from a pre-operative median of 21 (IQR 14–26) to 47 (IQR 44–48) (p < 0.001). HHS improved from 52 (IQR 40–63) to 98 (IQR 92–100) (p < 0.001) and EQ5D improved from 70 (IQR 50–80) to 85 (IQR 75–95) (p < 0.001). This fully HA-coated straight short femoral stem implant demonstrated acceptable mid-term survivorship and delivered substantial improvements in function and quality of life after THA.
Changes in bone turnover markers and bone modulators during abatacept treatment
Authors: Adami Giovanni , Orsolini Giovanni , Rossini Maurizio , Pedrollo Elisa , Fratucello Anna , Fassio Angelo , Viapiana Ombretta , Milleri Stefano , Fracassi Elena , Bixio Riccardo , Gatti Davide 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes bone loss, only partly related to inflammation. The impact of RA treatments on bone metabolism and their ability to mitigate bone loss remains uncertain. The primary goal of our study was to examine the influence of abatacept on serum levels of markers and regulators involved in bone turnover. Secondary objectives included evaluating changes in bone mineral density (BMD), bone health parameters, erosions, and exploring potential correlations among these parameters. We conducted a prospective observational study on patients with active seropositive RA failure to biological disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs initiating treatment with abatacept. We measured at baseline and after 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months: serum bone turnover markers (CTX, P1nP, B-ALP), bone modulators (Dkk-1, sclerostin, vitamin D, PTH, OPG and RANKL), BMD and radiographic parameters (modified Sharp van der Heijde score [mSvdH], bone health index [BHI] and metacarpal index [MCI]). Disease activity and glucocorticoid intake was monitored. 33 patients were enrolled in the study. We found a significant increase in markers of bone formation (B-ALP and P1nP) from baseline to M6 and M12. PTH increased significantly at M6 but not at M12. All other bone markers and modulators did not change. We found a significant decrease in BHI and MCI from baseline to M12 (median difference − 0.17 95% CI − 0.42 to − 0.10, p 0.001 and − 0.09 95% CI − 0.23 to − 0.07, respectively). BMD at femoral neck transitorily decreased at M6 (mean difference − 0.019 g/cm2 95% CI − 0.036 to − 0.001 p 0.04). BMD at total hip, lumbar spine and mSvdH score did not change significantly. P1nP delta at M12 correlated with delta mSvdH. Treatment with abatacept was associated with a significant increase in bone formation markers. The secondary and transient increase in PTH serum levels may be responsible of the transitory bone loss.
Mammary gland, kidney and rumen urea and uric acid transporters of dairy cows differing in milk urea concentration
Authors: Prahl Marie C. , Müller Carolin B. M. , Wimmers Klaus , Kuhla Björn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe milk urea concentration (MUC) serves as indicator of urinary nitrogen emissions, but at comparable crude protein (CP) intake, cows with high (HMU) and low (LMU) MUC excrete equal urea amounts. We hypothesized that urea and uric acid transporters and sizes of the kidney, mammary gland, and rumen account for these phenotypes. Eighteen HMU and 18 LMU Holstein dairy cows fed a low (LP) and normal (NP) CP diet were studied. Milk, plasma and urinary urea concentrations were greater with NP feeding, while plasma and urinary urea concentrations were comparable between phenotypes. Milk and plasma uric acid concentrations were higher with LP feeding but not affected by phenotype. The milk-urine uric acid ratio was greater in HMU cows. The mRNA expressions of the ruminal urea transporter SLC14A1 and AQP10, the mammary gland and rumen AQP3, and the mammary gland uric acid transporter ABCG2 were not affected by group or diet. Renal AQP10, but not AQP3, AQP7, and SLC14A2 expressions, and the kidney weights were lower in HMU cows. These data indicate that renal size and AQP10 limit the urea transfer from blood to urine, and that MUC determines if uric acid is more released with milk or urine.
NARFL deficiency caused mitochondrial dysfunction in lung cancer cells by HIF-1α–DNMT1 axis
Authors: Liu Hongzhou , Wu Xueqin , Yang Tianrong , Wang Chen , Huang Fei , Xu Ying , Peng Jie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNARFL was reported to be a component of cytosolic iron–sulfur cluster assembly pathway and a causative gene of the diffused pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (dPAVMs). NARFL knockout dramatically impaired mitochondrial integrity in mice, which might promote mitochondrial dysfunction and lead to worse survival rate of lung cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of NARFL deficiency in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. Knockdown assay was performed in A549 and H1299 cells. The protein levels of HIF-1α and DNMT1 were measured, and then Complex I activity, mtDNA copy numbers and mRNA levels of mtND genes were determined. Cisplatin resistance and cell proliferation were conducted using CCK8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were detected using wound heal assay and transwell assay. Survival analysis of lung cancer patients and KM plotter database were used for evaluating the potential value of NARFL deficiency. NARFL protein was expressed in two cell lines and knockdown assay significantly reduced its levels. Knockdown NARFL increased the protein levels of HIF-1α and DNMT1, and downregulated the mRNA levels of ND genes, mitochondrial Complex I activity, mtDNA copy number, and ATP levels. The mitochondrial dysfunction caused by NARFL deficiency were ameliorated by siHIF-1α and DNMT1 inhibitor. Knockdown NARFL increased the drug resistance and cell migration, and siHIF-1α reversed this effect. Moreover, NSCLC patients with NARFL deficiency had a poor survival rate using a tissue array and KM plotter database, and it would be a target for cancer prognosis and treatment. NARFL deficiency caused dysregulation of energy metabolism in lung cancer cells via HIF-1α–DNMT1 axis, which promoted drug resistance and cell migration. It provided a potential target for treatment and prognosis of lung cancer.
Impact of general anesthesia on ablation catheter stability during pulmonary vein isolation based on a novel measurement approach
Authors: Kuno Shimpei , Nakano Yusuke , Suzuki Yasushi , Ando Hirohiko , Suzuki Wataru , Takahashi Hiroshi , Amano Tetsuya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCatheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) during pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is performed under general anesthesia (GA) or conscious sedation (CS). GA during PVI may improve treatment outcomes by improving catheter stability. However, the magnitude of GA-derived catheter stability compared with that of CS is unclear. We directly assessed catheter movement and determined the impact of GA compared with that of CS on ablation catheter stability during PVI. Patients who underwent initial ablation using the EnSite Precision™ mapping system were recruited and divided into two groups (GA and CS groups). The two groups were compared for ablation catheter stability during PVI based on the distance traveled by the catheter distal tip per second, clinical periprocedural characteristics, and periprocedural complications. Among 69 consecutively admitted patients, data of 30 patients (17 in the GA group and 13 in the CS group) and the distance traveled per second by the catheter on 148,976 points/patient were evaluated. The GA group had a significantly smaller catheter tip travel distance than the CS group (0.92 [0.82‒1.16] vs. 1.25 [1.14‒1.38], p = 0.01). Therefore, GA during PVI for AF provides greater catheter stability than CS and will contribute to more accessible and safer PVI procedures.
EasyModel: a user-friendly web-based interface based on MODELLER
Authors: Arab Seyed Shahriar , Dantism Alireza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThree-dimensional protein structures are invaluable sources of information for the functional annotation of protein molecules. Describing the function of a protein sequence is one of the most common problems in biology. Generally, this problem can be facilitated by studying the tertiary structure of proteins. In the lack of protein structures, comparative modeling often provides a useful three-dimensional model of the protein associated with at least one known protein structure. Comparative modeling predicts the tertiary structure of a certain protein sequence (target) mainly based on its homological sequence to the sequence of one or more proteins with known structures (templates). MODELLER is one of the most widely used tools for homology or comparative modeling of three-dimensional protein structures. However, most users find it challenging to start with MODELLER as it is a command line based and requires knowledge of basic Python scripting to use it efficiently. In this study, a web-based interface has been designed to predict the tertiary structure of proteins based on Modeller, which does the comparative modeling automatically, and uses PHP and Python programming languages. This tool is called “EasyModel” and is available at http://bioinf.modares.ac.ir/software/easymodel/. EasyModel provides a straightforward graphical interface for Modeller that can be used in only one browser.