bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bands renormalization and superconductivity in the strongly correlated Hubbard model using composite operators method
Authors: Haurie L , Grandadam M , Pangburn E , Banerjee A , Burdin S , Pépin C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We use the composite operator method (COM) to analyze the strongly correlated repulsive Hubbard model, investigating the effect of nearest-neighbor hoppings up to fourth order on a square lattice. We consider two sets of self-consistent equations, one enforcing the Pauli principle and the other imposing charge-charge, spin-spin, and pair–pair correlations using a decoupling scheme developed by Roth (1969 Phys. Rev.
184 451–9). We extract three distinct solutions from these equations: COM1 and COM2 by imposing the Pauli principle and one from Roth decoupling. An overview of the method studying the validity of particle-hole symmetry and the Luttinger theorem for each solution is presented. Additionally, we extend the initial basis to study superconductivity, concluding that it is induced by the Van Hove singularity. Finally, we include higher-order hoppings using realistic estimates for tight binding parameters and compare our results with ARPES measurements on cuprates.
On: X-ray diffraction from the electron gas in monatomic metallic hydrogen
Authors: Loa Ingo , Landgren Filip 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Solid hydrogen is expected to become a monatomic metal under sufficiently high compression. With hydrogen having only a single valence electron and no ion core, the nature of x-ray diffraction patterns from the electron gas of monatomic metallic hydrogen is uncertain, and it is unclear whether they may yield enough information for a crystal structure determination. With emphasis on the Cs-IV-type (

I

4
1

/

a
m
d

) structure predicted for hydrogen at ∼500 GPa, the electron density distributions, zero-point and thermal atomic motion, and x-ray diffraction intensities are determined from first-principles calculations for several candidate phases of metallic hydrogen. It is shown that the electron distribution is much more structured than might be expected from the commonly employed free-electron-gas picture, and in fact more modulated than what is obtained from the superposition of free-atom charge densities. We demonstrate that an identification of the crystal structure of monatomic metallic hydrogen from x-ray diffraction is fundamentally possible and discuss the possibility of single-crystal diffraction from metallic hydrogen. An atomic scattering factor for the hydrogen atom in monatomic metallic hydrogen is constructed to aid the quantitative analysis of diffraction intensities from future x-ray diffraction experiments.
Real-time tunnel lining leakage image semantic segmentation via multiple attention mechanisms
Authors: Tan Yonghui , Li Xiaolong , Lai Jinfu , Ai Jinquan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
One of the key objectives in tunnel illness detection is identifying tunnel lining leakage, and deep learning-based image semantic segmentation approaches can automatically locate tunnel lining leakage. However, in order to meet the real-time processing needs of professional mobile inspection equipment, existing leakage image segmentation approaches have difficulties in identifying real-time, dealing with voids, and dealing with edge discontinuities in the leaking zone. To address the aforementioned issues, this study introduces the PP-LiteSeg-Attn model, which takes the real-time semantic segmentation model PP-LiteSeg-B as baseline model, and combines the multi-layer CBAM attention mechanism and the CoT attention mechanism. Using the publically available dataset Water-Leakage, we trained and validated the PP-LiteSeg-Attn model, and attained IoU and F1 values of 88.18% and 93.72%, respectively, outperforming similar models in both measures. Extensive experiments show that the segmentation speed of the PP-LiteSeg-Attn model reaches 112.28 FPS, which meets real-time requirements, and that the model can effectively solve problems such as the appearance of voids in the seepage area, discontinuity, and fuzzy segmentation of seepage edges. The PP-LiteSeg-Attn model is better applicable to complicated tunnel settings, offering technical references for real-time diagnosis of tunnel illnesses.
Role of extrinsic factors on magnetoelastic resonance biosensors sensitivity
Authors: Lima Luiza Felippi de , Dutra Roberta , González Diego , Sommer Rubem Luis , Perottoni Cláudio Antônio , Aguzzoli Cesar , Roesch-Ely Mariana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Magnetoelastic (ME) resonance devices are attractive for application as biosensors in health-related areas as they allow contactless detection of pathogenic agents with high sensitivity. After functionalization, they offer valuable diagnostic options that promote efficient capture of mass on the sensor surface through biological interactions. ME sensors are also sensitive to external factors such as temperature, magnetic fields, and variations in mass that can arise from processes unrelated to biological interactions, including corrosion and salt crystallization. This article evaluates extrinsic factors that affect the response of ME resonance sensors for diagnostic applications. In particular, the influence of heat treatments, operation temperature, applied DC magnetic field bias, and corrosive environment were studied. The control of all these factors is crucial for the design, fabrication, and functionalization of ME resonance biosensors and for the development of measuring instrumentation and effective measurement protocols. This work established maximum operating temperature and bias field variations to keep the sensor sensitivity. Heat treatment of the sensors before and after coating improved the signal-to-noise ratio and corrosion resistance. Further improvement in corrosion resistance was provided by cathodic protection, which has been proven beneficial for applications of ME resonance sensors in aqueous fluids.
Process monitoring via dependence description based on variable selection and vine copula
Authors: Bai Xinpeng , Qiu Suiqing , Liu Shisong , Li Shaojun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Process monitoring is crucial to ensure the safety of industrial processes. Generally, the monitoring process involves all measured variables; however, large industrial processes contain many redundant variables. For a method based on describing the intrinsic correlation relationships among variables, the vine copula-based dependence description (VCDD) method shows significant advantages for describing nonlinear and non-Gaussian processes. However, redundant and irrelevant variables adversely affect the correlation between variables containing the most important information, reducing model performance. The lack of research in this area may substantially weaken the advantages of VCDD for fault monitoring. Therefore, this article introduces a variable selection vine copula dependence description monitoring model. It utilizes known faults as validation data to select the relevant variables for constructing the VCDD model, specifically designed for monitoring known faults. Furthermore, to prevent information loss, the remaining unselected variables are also employed to create a separate VCDD model, dedicated to monitoring unknown faults. The performance of the proposed method is verified by a numerical example, the Tennessee-Eastman process and the Penicillin fermentation process.
Biosynthesized CuO nanoparticles–coated grating sensors for temperature measurement
Authors: Bendigeri H H , Kulkarni Vijay , Jadhav Mangesh S , Lalasangi Anandkumar , Mastiholi Balesh , Kulkarni Sameer , Kumar Jitendra , Prakash Om , Raikar U S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate temperature sensing using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) fixed on a Teflon substrate with a large thermal expansion coefficient. A significant enhancement in sensitivity was achieved by coating the fiber with green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles. This improvement was characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and other techniques. The behavior of the coated materials is unique in their response to thermal stability based on the mode of coating. We have examined the thermal responses of FBG sensors mounted on temperature units on and after coating. The designed sensor is compact, cost effective, and measures temperatures in the range of 25 °C–200 °C. It demonstrated a linear relationship between the wavelength shift and temperature change along with 0.59 pm/ oC enhancement in the sensitivity. However, by optimizing the materials and physical dimensions of FBG, it is possible to increase the range of temperature detection, thereby improving the sensor’s performance. It is observed that the sensitivity of the nanoparticles-coated FBG is better than that of the bare FBG for all temperature ranges.
Shape detection of thin diameter flexible sensors with non-uniform gratings
Authors: Chen Xiangyan , Qian Jinwu , Yu Yingjie , Zhang Yanan , Shen Tingting 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Flexible intelligent medical device shape feedback has a very important application prospect in intelligent structure detection. Due to the error accumulation effect, the distribution of gratings is also an important factor affecting the reconstruction error of shape sensors. A grating positions optimization method based on the fusion of adaptive mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm and shape reconstruction algorithm is proposed in the paper. The curves with 10 measurement points arranged at a sensing length of 810 mm and 4 measurement points arranged at a sensing length of 200 mm are simulated and calculated. After multiple optimization training, the sparse optimal distribution of gratings with the smallest shape error is obtained. Package sensors with uniform and non-uniform distribution of grating points based on the obtained point positions, and conduct planar shape reconstruction experiments. After multiple shape reconstruction experiments, the shape errors of the sensor shape reconstruction endpoint for uniform gratings are 2.76% and 2.94%, respectively, and the reconstruction accuracy for non-uniform gratings is 1.94% and 2.71%. The optimized shape sensor has good performance, thus proving the effectiveness of the fiber grating sensing grid point optimization method in flexible medical device deformation monitoring.
Design and analysis of a galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester with coupled magnetism
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Tang Bowen , Tan Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Wind-induced vibration energy harvesters have attracted increasing attention due to their unique dynamic characteristics and excellent energy harvesting performance. In this study, two types of magnetic energy harvesters, namely the magnetic attraction energy harvester (A-GEH) and the coupled magnetic attraction and repulsion energy harvester (A&R-GEH), were designed and their electromechanical coupling analysis models were established. The results showed that the magnetically coupled energy harvesters can adjust the operating wind speed range and increase the energy harvesting capability by varying the placement of the magnetic poles and the magnetic moment. Furthermore, the established analysis model accurately predicted the results of the wind tunnel experiments. The output power of the energy harvesters was evaluated by illuminating LED bulbs, demonstrating the potential for self-powering small wireless sensors. Under an experimental wind speed of 5.1 m s−1 and a vertical distance Δy = 12 mm between the magnets, the A-GEH and A&R-GEH showed an increase in output power of 356.854% and 365.488%, respectively, compared to a general energy harvester without magnetism. In conclusion, this study provides a framework for the analysis and design of magnetic-coupled wind-induced vibration energy harvesters.
Design and analysis of magnetostrictive two-dimensional kinetic energy harvester
Authors: Liu Huifang , Tong Xiaoyan , Sun Xingwei , Wang Wenguo , Su Liang , Chang Yunlong , Liu Zhanqi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Conventional energy harvesters often require high ambient vibration frequencies and can only capture vibration energy in a single direction. To address these issues, this paper designs a magnetostrictive two-dimensional kinetic energy harvester placed under the floor and capable of capturing energy in both vertical and horizontal directions. In order to achieve higher electrical power output at low-frequency input forces, a two-stage force amplification mechanism is designed to amplify the walking kinetic energy of pedestrians and the main parameters of this structure are analyzed and optimized. On the other hand, by constructing different forms of bias magnetic field, the influence of bias magnetic field on the deflection and motion of the internal magnetic domain of Terfenol-D is systematically studied, and the best bias form that can make the material shows the strongest magnetization characteristics is determined. Next, a prototype harvester was built, and an experimental vibration system was set up to test and analyze the output characteristics of the harvester comprehensively. The experimental results show that the harvester produces 21.2 mW of peak output power under sinusoidal excitation at an operating frequency of 4 Hz. Under random excitation, a peak output voltage of 2.64 V and 170 mW peak power was obtained. Under actual pedestrian walking tests, 17.62 mW peak output power is obtained to power low-power devices. The study’s results provide preliminary evidence that the designed magnetostrictive energy harvester can stably harvest kinetic energy from pedestrian walking.
Inkjet printing P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) actuators for large bending strains
Authors: Sekar S A , Hunt A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Additive manufacturing of sensors and actuators together with structural materials and electronics will make it possible to fabricate innovative system designs that are overly laborious to realise with conventional methods. While printing of the structural materials and electronics are advancing fast, the additive manufacturing methods for actuators and sensors are in an earlier stage of development. This research will develop a manufacturing process for entirely inkjet printed electroactive polymer (EAP) actuators basing on the P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) relaxor ferroelectric polymer and Ag electrodes. The process consists of (1) printing an Ag layer on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate for the bottom electrode; (2) formulating, printing and annealing a P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) ink for the EAP layer; and (3) printing and sintering an Ag layer on the plasma-treated EAP surface to form the top electrode. Two actuator variations, addressed as DMC and KM512, are manufactured and characterised by their: (a) response to quasi-static excitation (1 Hz sine wave); (b) hysteresis behaviour; (c) actuation amplitude variation with the input voltage; and (d) frequency response. The 18 mm long actuators showed 91.4 µm (DMC, 200

V

p
p

) and 224 µm (KM512, 275

V

p
p

) deflections in response to 1 Hz sinusoidal excitation, and 1.10 mm (DMC, 113 Hz, 200

V

p
p

) and 1.72 mm (KM512, 114 Hz, 200

V

p
p

) deflections in resonant operation. It is 55% more quasi-static strain and 470% more resonant strain than in earlier fully inkjet-printed polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) -based actuators, and comparable to similar partially inkjet-printed actuators. This is the first time that inkjet printing of all three layers of a relaxor ferroelectric actuator have been achieved.
Enhanced performance of GdBCO bulk superconductors by doping a new kind of YGdBa4CuNbO
y
nanoparticles
Authors: Cui YanLan , Yang WanMin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, a new kind of YGdBa4CuNbO
y
(YGdNb-11411) nano-particles was designed and sintered using a solid-state reaction method, whereas their impact on the performance of GdBCO bulks was investigated for the first time. From the acquired x-ray diffraction data and scanning electron microscopy imaging results, it was proved that the YGdNb-11411 particles were of excellent chemical stability and did not react with other phases during the crystal growth process. The YGdNb-11411 particles ranged from 80 to 130 nm and they were uniformly distributed in the well-textured GdBCO bulk superconductors. The maximum critical current density (J
c-max) of the samples was enhanced from 3.48 × 104 A cm−2 to 8.63 × 104 A cm−2 (77 K) in the self-field as the doping amount increased from 0 wt% to 7 wt%. In addition, the GdBCO sample with YGdNb-11411 particles also showed an enhanced flux pinning force density and relatively high J
c around the magnetic flux density range of 1 T–2 T (77 K). These results clearly indicated that the YGdNb-11411 particles could effectively enhance the properties of the GdBCO bulk superconductors.
Low-frequency electron–phonon interaction and superconductivity in
L12
-type trialuminides Al3V
Authors: Liu Feihu , Che Junling , Fu Wei , Wu Li-Na 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Superconductivity enhancement is often associated with phonon softening by doping or external pressure. In this paper, we report

L

1
2

-type trialuminides Al3V as a typical example belonging to this scenario. The electronic, phononic and superconducting properties have been studied by using the first-principle method. Under uniaxial compression, the superconducting transition temperature Tc
of Al3V can be increased from ≈1.5 K to its maximum at ≈7.3 K when the lattice approaches the structural instability. A detailed investigation of Al3V reveals that the (V: d)-(Al: p) hybrid bands are strongly coupled to the phonon modes with lower frequency. The uniaxial compression induces a significant softening of the phonon mode with non-zero phonon line-width, and yet keeps the electron density of states near the Fermi level unchanged. This leads to a stronger electron–phonon coupling (EPC) and therefore a higher Tc
. On the contrary, the

L

1
2

structure is more stable against the hydrostatic pressure and the phonon energy actually grows up when the hydrostatic pressure is increased. As a result, EPC becomes weaker and Tc
can be reduced to

⩽

0.3 K under high hydrostatic pressure. Our results present an interesting example that superconductivity can enhanced by tuning the softened phonon via pressure or doping.
Unidirectional and bidirectional photon transport blockade in driven atomic lattices of parity-time antisymmetry
Authors: Liu Xiao , Wu Jin-Hui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We propose a scheme for realizing exact parity-time (

P
T

) antisymmetry of complex susceptibility in a wide range of probe detuning by considering a one-dimensional lattice of cold atoms driven into the simplest three-level Λ configuration. This is attained by modulating the intensity of a standing-wave coupling field with a proper phase shift to counteract the product of a single-photon detuning and a two-photon detuning. Such a dynamically controlled

P
T

-antisymmetric lattice supports the integration of a few nontrivial scattering behaviors including unidirectional light reflectionless, asymmetric perfect absorption, and directional signal quenching. These behaviors, depending in particular on atomic densities and lattice lengths, facilitate the on-demand realization of unidirectional or bidirectional photon transport blockade.
Bright and dark solitons in a photonic nonlinear quantum walk: lessons from the continuum
Authors: Anglés-Castillo Andreu , Pérez Armando , Roldán Eugenio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We propose a nonlinear quantum walk model inspired in a photonic implementation in which the polarization state of the light field plays the role of the coin-qubit. In particular, we take profit of the nonlinear polarization rotation occurring in optical media with Kerr nonlinearity, which allows to implement a nonlinear coin operator, one that depends on the state of the coin-qubit. We consider the space-time continuum limit of the evolution equation, which takes the form of a nonlinear Dirac equation. The analysis of this continuum limit allows us to gain some insight into the existence of different solitonic structures, such as bright and dark solitons. We illustrate several properties of these solitons with numerical calculations, including the effect on them of an additional phase simulating an external electric field.
An investigation of the simulation response of GEM-based detector for the fast neutrons by employment of GEANT4 & MCNP MC codes
Authors: Ahmad Farzana , Zubair M , Thanh-Mai Vu , Jamil M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The current work explores the potential ability to identify fast neutrons with one Gas Electron multiplier (GEM) detector connected to a polyethylene (PE) converter. Hence, a simulation was tested utilizing the GEANT4 Monte Carlo and MCNP simulation codes. The GEM detector functions by detecting the charged particles generated by an (n, p) reaction on a polyethylene. Fast neutrons in the ranging with energy levels of 1.0 MeV to to 25 MeV have the ability to travel towards the detector surface and evaluation was conducted from its response. For the 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm converter thickness, the sensitivity remains ∼ 9.8% and 13.4%, and 14.2% respectively via GEANT4 QGSP_BERT_HP physics lists. For the same converter thicknesses, sensitivity remains ∼ 9% and 12%, and 12.5% using the QGSP_BIC_HP physics list. Using the MCNP, with a 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm converter thickness, the sensitivity remains ∼ 12.8%, 13.3% and 13.6% via cell-flux tally method, while with the MCNP pulse- height technique with the same converter thicknesses, the sensitivity remains ∼ 10.6%, 12% and 13.3% respectively. The current findings reveals that GEM detector exhibits a clear and efficient response to inserted fast neutrons. Consequently, GEM based detectors have a potential to be a better candidate for fast neutron detection.
Optimal Photometry of Point Sources: Joint Source Flux and Background Determination on Array Detectors—from Theory to Practical Implementation
Authors: Vicuña Mario L. , Silva Jorge F. , Mendez Rene A. , Orchard Marcos E. , Espinosa Sebastian , Tregloan-Reed Jeremy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper we study the joint determination of source and background flux for point sources as observed by digital array detectors. We explicitly compute the two-dimensional Cramér–Rao absolute lower bound (CRLB) as well as the performance bounds for high-dimensional implicit estimators from a generalized Taylor expansion. This later approach allows us to obtain computable prescriptions for the bias and variance of the joint estimators. We compare these prescriptions with empirical results from numerical simulations in the case of the weighted least squares estimator (introducing an improved version, denoted stochastic weighted least-squares) as well as with the maximum likelihood estimator, finding excellent agreement. We demonstrate that these estimators provide quasi-unbiased joint estimations of the flux and background, with a variance that approaches the CRLB very tightly and are, hence, optimal, unlike the case of sequential estimation used commonly in astronomical photometry which is sub-optimal. We compare our predictions with numerical simulations of realistic observations, as well as with observations of a bona fide non-variable stellar source observed with TESS, and compare it to the results from the sequential estimation of background and flux, confirming our theoretical expectations. Our practical estimators can be used as benchmarks for general photometric pipelines, or for applications that require maximum precision and accuracy in absolute photometry.