bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential effect of interventions in patients with prediabetes stratified by a machine learning‐based diabetes progression prediction model
Authors: Zou Xiantong , Luo Yingying , Huang Qi , Zhu Zhanxing , Li Yufeng , Zhang Xiuying , Zhou Xianghai , Ji Linong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate whether stratifying participants with prediabetes according to their diabetes progression risks (PR) could affect their responses to interventions.MethodsWe developed a machine learning‐based model to predict the 1‐year diabetes PR (ML‐PR) with the least predictors. The model was developed and internally validated in participants with prediabetes in the Pinggu Study (a prospective population‐based survey in suburban Beijing; n = 622). Patients from the Beijing Prediabetes Reversion Program cohort (a multicentre randomized control trial to evaluate the efficacy of lifestyle and/or pioglitazone on prediabetes reversion; n = 1936) were stratified to low‐, medium‐ and high‐risk groups using ML‐PR. Different effect of four interventions within subgroups on prediabetes reversal and diabetes progression was assessed.ResultsUsing least predictors including fasting plasma glucose, 2‐h postprandial glucose after 75 g glucose administration, glycated haemoglobin, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, and the ML algorithm XGBoost, ML‐PR successfully predicted the 1‐year progression of participants with prediabetes in the Pinggu study [internal area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.80 (0.72–0.89)] and Beijing Prediabetes Reversion Program [external area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.80 (0.74–0.86)]. In the high‐risk group pioglitazone plus intensive lifestyle therapy significantly reduced diabetes progression by about 50% at year l and the end of the trial in the high‐risk group compared with conventional lifestyle therapy with placebo. In the medium‐ or low‐risk group, intensified lifestyle therapy, pioglitazone or their combination did not show any benefit on diabetes progression and prediabetes reversion.ConclusionsThis study suggests personalized treatment for prediabetes according to their PR is necessary. ML‐PR model with simple clinical variables may facilitate personal treatment strategies in participants with prediabetes.
Antemortem diagnosis of renal haemangiosarcoma in a Hanoverian gelding
Authors: Williams Zoë J. , French Stephanie , Hollinger Charlotte , Pease Anthony P. , Schott Harold C. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryHaemangiosarcoma is an uncommon neoplasm in horses that is rarely diagnosed antemortem. A 27‐year‐old Hanoverian gelding was presented to the Michigan State University Veterinary Medical Center for evaluation of lethargy, weight loss, stiffness and more recent colic signs. At presentation, the gelding was alert with mild tachycardia (60 beats/min). Other physical findings were normal except for a mass detected in the area of the left kidney on rectal palpation. Laboratory analyses revealed anaemia, hypoproteinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia consistent with haemorrhage and haemolysis. Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed the left kidney to be an enlarged heterogenous mass, and numerous 1–2 cm diameter hyperechoic nodules (without shadow artefacts) were imaged within the right kidney. After inconclusive results were returned on percutaneous biopsy of the left renal mass, a right renal biopsy yielded a diagnosis of haemangiosarcoma. Palliative care was initiated with dexamethasone, but 19 days after hospital discharge the gelding became recumbent, and humane euthanasia was performed. Necropsy examination confirmed disseminated haemangiosarcoma including both kidneys, adrenal glands, spleen, heart and lungs with the largest neoplasm in the left kidney.
Evaluation of glutaraldehyde coagulation test and colostrum BRIX refractometer compared with SNAP foal IgG test in neonatal foals
Authors: Kasap Sevim , Babaeski Serdar , Yildirim Kubra Nur , Orman Abdulkadir , Temizel Ethem Mutlu , Kennerman Engin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrompt diagnosis of passive transfer failure in the neonatal period is important for early treatment.ObjectivesTo compare the diagnostic performance of serum glutaraldehyde coagulation test (GCT) and colostrum BRIX% for failure to transfer passive immunity (FTPI) diagnosis with the results of SNAP foal test and to evaluate the results of serum GCT and colostrum BRIX% measurements in foals with diarrhoea in the 0–1 month period.Study designIn vitro experiments.MethodsExcess serum and colostrum (n: 298) from samples collected from newborn foals and their dams for clinical purposes were used. Foals were classified as FTPI positive (IgG < 8 g/L) or negative (IgG ≥ 8 g/L) using the SNAP foal test. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of serum GCT and colostrum BRIX % for diagnosing FTPI in all foals and in the sub‐group of foals which developed diarrhoea within the first month of life was noted. The relationships between the results of the serum GCT and colostrum BRIX% and diarrhoea in foals with and without FTPI were evaluated.ResultsSerum GCT and colostrum BRIX % were statistically significantly different (p < 0.05) between the foals without FTPI and with FTPI classified according to the SNAP test. Using a cut‐off value for serum GCT of >10, sensitivity was 100% (95% CI 92.9%–100%) and specificity 100% (98.3%–100%) while with a cut‐off value of ≤24, with colostrum BRIX% of ≤24 sensitivity was 92% (80.9%–97.8%), and specificity was 98% (95.3–99.3). In the sub‐group of foals without FTPI using a colostrum BRIX% cut‐off value of ≤26 the sensitivity for prediction of diarrhoea in the 0–1 month period was only 72.4% (52.8–87.3, p < 0.001) with specificity 54.3% (47.6–61.1) but the test performance was not robust (ROC AUC 0.61).Main limitationsThe number of repeated measurements in the evaluation of serum GCT, and colostrum BRIX% was low. More clinical problems could be examined.ConclusionsThe serum GCT, and colostrum BRIX%, both economical and practical to use in the field, gave results comparable with the SNAP foal IgG test. The ability to accurately predict diarrhoea in the first month of life with these tests was limited.
RETRACTED: Effects of tourniquet on surgical site wound infection and pain after total knee arthroplasty: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Zhengwu , Chen Te , Chen Guofu , Pan Wenjun , Xu Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe application of a tourniquet (TNQ) for haemostasis in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is controversial and lacking systematic evaluation. This meta‐analysis assessed relevant international data to quantitatively evaluate the implications of using TNQ in TKA, further guide clinical diagnosis and treatment, and improve postoperative outcomes. A comprehensive computerised search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and Wanfang databases was conducted to retrieve randomised controlled trials on the application of TNQ in TKA published from database inception to August 2023. The included data, ultimately comprising 1482 patients in 16 studies, were collated and subjected to meta‐analysis using Stata 17.0 software. The results showed that the use of TNQ during TKA led to significantly higher rates of postoperative surgical site wound infection (3.96% vs. 1.79%, odds ratio: 2.15, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.11–4.16, p = 0.023) and wound pain scores on the first (standardised mean difference [SMD]: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.35–0.94, p < 0.001), second (SMD: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.01–1.31, p = 0.045), and third (SMD: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.31–1.05, pP < 0.001) day after the procedure. In conclusion, the application of TNQ in TKA increases the risk of postoperative surgical site wound infection and worsens short‐term postoperative wound pain; therefore, TNQ should be used sparingly during TKA, or its use should be decided in conjunction with the relevant clinical indications and the surgeon's experience.
On explicit birational geometry for minimal n$n$‐folds of canonical dimension n−1$n-1$
Authors: Chen Meng , Esser Louis , Wang Chengxi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLet be any integer. We study the optimal lower bound of the canonical volume and the optimal upper bound of the canonical stability index for minimal projective ‐folds of general type, which are canonically fibered by ‐folds (). The results for are known to experts. In this article, we compute sharp bounds for and give some characterization of optimal examples. The machinery introduced is applicable to all canonical dimensions .
Cost-effectiveness of a decentralized care model for managing multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Mahapatra Biswajit , Bhattacharya Paramita , Karuveettil Vineetha , John Denny , Khatoon Sajda , Mukherjee Nirmalya , Jankiram Chandrashekar 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the available economic evidence of a decentralized care model compared to a centralized model for treating multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Introduction:
Diseases that affect physiological health create a burden on human livelihoods and the economy. There is a lack of studies examining the economic evaluation of MDR-TB across different countries. A preliminary search identified no published or ongoing reviews on MDR-TB in LMICs.

Inclusion criteria:
Studies will be eligible if they include both patients receiving centralized care (ie, care provided by specialist centers through inpatient or outpatient services) and patients receiving decentralized care (ie, care provided by grassroots community workers in peripheral facilities or in the patients' residence) for MDR-TB in LMICs. Eligible studies will report economic evaluations of treatment for MDR-TB.

Methods:
A preliminary search of MEDLINE (PubMed) was undertaken using MeSH terms, such as MDR-TB, economic evaluation, therapeutics, LMICs. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles, abstracts, and full text against the inclusion criteria. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion or with a third reviewer. The JBI checklist for economic evaluations will be utilized to evaluate the methodological quality. Data will be extracted using a modified JBI data extraction form for economic evaluations. The Dominance Ranking Matrix, developed by JBI for economic evaluations, will be used to summarize and compare the results of different types of economic evaluations (cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit analysis, cost-utility analysis, or cost-minimization analysis). Cost per quality-adjusted life year gained and cost per disability-adjusted life year averted will be measures for economic evaluation. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be used to assess the certainty of economic evidence.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42022368696
Identification of proteoforms of short open reading frame-encoded peptides in
Blautia producta
under different cultivation conditions
Authors: Genth Jerome , Schäfer Kathrin , Cassidy Liam , Graspeuntner Simon , Rupp Jan , Tholey Andreas 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Short open reading frames (sORF) have the potential to encode small proteins, sORF-encoded peptides (SEP), which are less than or equal to 100 amino acids in length. These SEP have been associated with various physiological processes and are known for their potential roles in modulating immune responses, signaling pathways, and cellular functions. Using bottom-up and top-down proteomics, we identified 45 novel and formerly reported SEP under different growth conditions and stress exposure in single cultures of
Blautia producta
that plays a central role in mediating colonization resistance and dampening inflammation in the human gut microbiome. Top-down analysis improved identification confidence and allowed the detection of a number of full-length and N- or C-terminal truncated proteoforms of the SEP and of proteoforms carrying post-translational modifications such as disulfides, which provides hints for a wide functional potential of these molecules. The identification of the SEP in single cultures of this bacterium shows that, in contrast to previous results, the biosynthesis of specific SEP is not restricted to direct bacterial interactions within the microbiome but is dependent on growth and environmental conditions during cultivation.

IMPORTANCE

The identification of short open reading frame-encoded peptides (SEP) and different proteoforms in single cultures of gut microbes offers new insights into a largely neglected part of the microbial proteome landscape. This is of particular importance as SEP provide various predicted functions, such as acting as antimicrobial peptides, maintaining cell homeostasis under stress conditions, or even contributing to the virulence pattern. They are, thus, taking a poorly understood role in structure and function of microbial networks in the human body. A better understanding of SEP in the context of human health requires a precise understanding of the abundance of SEP both in commensal microbes as well as pathogens. For the gut beneficial
B. producta
, we demonstrate the importance of specific environmental conditions for biosynthesis of SEP expanding previous findings about their role in microbial interactions.
Note on $$T{\bar{T}}$$ deformed matrix models and JT supergravity duals
Authors: He Song , Ouyang Hao , Sun Yuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this work we calculate the partition functions of $${\mathcal {N}}=1$$

N
=
1

type 0A and 0B JT supergravity (SJT) on 2D surfaces of arbitrary genus with multiple finite cut-off boundaries, based on the $$T{\bar{T}}$$

T

T

¯

deformed super-Schwarzian theories. In terms of SJT/matrix model duality, we compute the corresponding correlation functions in the $$T{\bar{T}}$$

T

T

¯

deformed matrix model side by using topological recursion relations as well as the transformation properties of topological recursion relations under $$T{\bar{T}}$$

T

T

¯

deformation. We check that the partition functions finite cut-off 0A and 0B SJT on generic 2D surfaces match the associated correlation functions in $$T{\bar{T}}$$

T

T

¯

deformed matrix models respectively.
To Tip or Not to Tip: A New Combination for Precision Medicine in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Lee Rex H. , Johnson Daniel E. , Grandis Jennifer R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMeaningful advances in targeted therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have been hampered by limited availability of robust preclinical models for translational research. Using an impressive array of in vitro and in vivo preclinical HNSCC models, Smith and colleagues demonstrated the efficacy of alpelisib and tipifarnib combination therapy through sustained mTOR inhibition in PIK3CA/HRAS-dysregulated HNSCC, including preliminary evidence of robust antitumor activity in a patient enrolled in a precision medicine trial. This study in this issue of Cancer Research illustrates the value of preclinical avatars for informing biomarker-driven clinical trials to advance precision medicine in HNSCC and other cancers.See related article by Smith et al., p. 3252
Opportunities to Improve HPV Vaccination Among Pediatric, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer Survivors by Engaging both Oncology and Primary Care Teams
Authors: Butsch Kovacic Melinda , Topalian Alique , Erickson Melissa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe incidence of second primary cancers is rising particularly among pediatric, adolescent, and young adult (PAYA) cancer survivors. While human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers can be prevented by vaccination, their uptake is lower and delayed in this group. Because a recommendation from a health care provider is the strongest predictor of HPV vaccination, there are great opportunities for PAYA cancer care providers to positively impact HPV vaccination rates. Prioritizing PAYA cancer care provider education as well as improving the education of and coordination with primary care providers are viewed as opportunities to encourage HPV vaccine uptake and prevent future cancers.See related article by Garcia et al., p. 581
Sacrifice and Satisfaction: Exploring The Quality of Life of Public Secondary School Volunteer Teachers in Remote Areas
Authors: Leon Maricris Bullon , Mokamad Romar F. , Almirante Jean F. , Mandado Aneve Y. , Barcenal ShaMyca E. , Salvadico John Lloyd , Salendab Rysa Lee Ann Ocariza , Salendab Fahad 
Published: October 2023

This study explored the quality of life of selected secondary school volunteer teachers in the remote areas of the Schools Division of Sultan Kudarat. This qualitative study utilizes phenomenology as its method and used convenience sampling as the sampling technique. Six (6) volunteer teachers were the study's participants. Moreover, the study employed a semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions, and the data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis.
Through thematic analysis, some emerging themes were extracted after an exhaustive and systematic process of thematic coding, analysis, and categorizations of the transcripts from the interview. Such themes include teachers' passion for teaching, enhancement of teachers' skills, teachers' psychological condition, qualifications, financial stability, long-distance travel, unsafe roadways, classroom management skills, faith, community linkages, classroom management skills, seminars and training, multi-talented teachers, and allowances.
This study concludes that volunteer teachers in remote areas need more financial stability. Some of the teachers have limited seminars and training attended. Although they show incredible resilience and courage, they cannot cope with the increasing daily expenses, and a positive outlook cannot buy even the necessities a teacher needs to sustain himself, their family, and even the teaching-learning process itself.
The study recommends that more be done to support and train volunteer teachers. Initiatives like professional development programs, access to teaching resources, provision of allowances and hazard pay, provision of plantilla positions in remote areas, and social support networks can go a long way in supporting volunteer teachers and improving education in remote areas.
Retirement: Keeping the Zeal for Teaching Aflame
Authors: Parinas Sherwin M. 
Published: October 2023

This phenomenological inquiry intended to unearth the lived experiences of the retired faculty members on post retirement career. Previous studies had linked retirement with leisure, relaxation and benefit. However, this current study viewed it as an avenue to pursue a career as evidenced by twenty-one (21) retired teachers from basic to tertiary education in both public and private institutions. The salient findings revealed that the preference to work after tenure was anchored from economic reasons, defying age, loss and fear of insignificance. As they were nearing the twilight, working for them meant making every tick count. Economic reason was also a factor as they found their pension too minimal an amount to purchase not only basic commodities but hospitalization and maintenance medicine as years went by. But seasoned as they were, they managed to jump over the hurdles by being optimistic and maintaining circle as support system like family and friends, above all, imploring the Divine Providence. To lighten the plight, it was suggested that institutions may implement policies like seminars and training that could provide a better retirement preparation and transition to probable retirees.
Project FIERCE: Exploring the Students’ Perspective and Behavior towards Research Subject
Authors: Mapanoo Jerick E. 
Published: October 2023

To support and achieve the goals and objectives of the Department of Education, the researcher conducted seminar entitled Project FIERCE. The main purpose of this research was to determine the students’ perspective and behavior towards research subject relative to the conduct of Project FIERCE. The study made use of the phenomenological type of qualitative approach, and the findings were drawn from semi-structured interviews. The nine (9) participants are all Senior High School students from New Taugtog National High School who completed and participated in three (3) - day seminar. Participants were asked about in what ways their perception and behavior regarding the research subject changed after participating in Project FIERCE seminar. It was found out that participants of the project FIERCE seminar gained knowledge and experience in research subjects, which resulted in a significant decrease in stress and a marked increase in confidence. This indicates the positive impact of Project FIERCE on research perspective and behavior.
This research further concluded through Project FIERCE seminar, the participants acknowledged that the tasks in research subject can still be difficult, but they felt more capable and ready to take on challenges. With this positive result, it may lead to the success of attaining K-12 goals and objectives.
Thus, it is highly recommended that the Department of Education should continue programs and policies that would support and provide seminars similar to Project FIERCE, which increase the perspection and behavior of students towards research subject.
Typification of Gagea lacaitae (Liliaceae) revisited
Authors: FERRER-GALLEGO P. PABLO 
Published: October 2023

The typification of the name Gagea lacaitae (Liliaceae) is revised. A lectotypification had previously been proposed by Peruzzi and Tison in 2004 from a specimen kept at NAP (Herbarium A. Terracciano, now with barcode NAP0001973) and collected by Parlatore in 1848. However, Terracciano cited in the protologue gatherings collected by Juan Isern and Gaetano Leone Durando. Specimens of these gatherings are kept at NAP, MA, P, and PAL. Therefore, this material has preference in the lectotype designation and must be chosen according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Art. 9.12 of the Shenzhen Code of 2018).