bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation and target gene screening of hsa-miR-205 in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Huang Wei , Jin Yi , Yuan Yunfeng , Bai Chunxue , Wu Ying , Zhu Hongguang , Lu Shaohua 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundLung cancers are classified as squamous cell carcinoma (SQ), adenocarcinoma (AC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). SQ is the major subtype of lung cancer. Currently, there are no targeted therapies for SQ due to lack of understanding its driving oncogenes. In this study, we validated an SQ specific biomarker hsa-miR-205 in Chinese patients with lung cancer and screened its candidate target genes for further functional studies to enrich knowledge in SQ target therapies.MethodsQuantitative reverse-transcription PCR (quantitative RT-PCR) was performed on 197 macro-dissected (cancerous cells >75%) surgical lung tissues (45 SQ, 44 AC, 54 SCLC and 54 adjacent normal tissues) to validate the expression profiles of miR-205. Furthermore, the targets of this microRNA were predicted through the gateway miRecords and mapped to lung cancer-associated pathways using the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) database. Then quantitative RT-PCR was performed on an independent cohort of 44 snap-frozen surgical lung tissues to concurrently assess the expression profiles of miR-205 and its 52 putative targeted genes.ResultsMicroRNA-205 yielded high diagnostic accuracy in discriminating SQ from AC with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.985, and discriminating SQ from SCLC with an AUC of 0.978 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) surgical lung tissues. Predicted targets of miR-205 were associated with 52 key members of lung cancer signaling pathways. Ten target genes (ACSL1, AXIN2, CACNA2D2, FOXO3, PPP1R3A, PRKAG3, RUNX1, SMAD4, STK3andTBL1XR1) were significantly down-regulated in SQ and had a strong negative correlation with miR-205, while one target gene (CDH3) was up-regulated in SQ and exhibited a strong positive correlation with miR-205.ConclusionsWe confirmed the high diagnostic accuracy of miR-205 in discriminating SQ from AC and SCLC in Chinese patients. Moreover, we identified 11 significant target genes of miR-205 which could be used for further functional studies as the basis for the development of SQ targeted therapies.
Effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion inflammation and skin flap survival
Authors: QI Zheng , GAO Chun-jin , WANG You-bin , MA Xue-mei , ZHAO Ling , LIU Fu-jia , LIU Xue-hua , SUN Xue-jun , WANG Xiao-jun 
Published: January 2024

Background
Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO) is a new method of ischemia preconditioning. In this study, we examined its effects on skin flap survival and the mechanisms involved.

Methods
Thirty-six rats were divided into three groups: HBO preconditioning, control, and sham groups. An extended epigastric adipocutaneous flap based on the right superficial epigastric artery and vein was raised. A 3-hour period of flap ischemia was induced by clamping the pedicle vessels with a microvascular clamp. At the end of ischemia induction, the clamp was removed and the flap was resutured. Rats in the HBO preconditioning group were treated with HBO four times before surgery. Microcirculation in the skin flap was measured on postoperative days 1, 3 and 5. The size of the flap was measured on postoperative day 5, before the animals were sacrificed. Samples of the skin flap were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in the flap samples were measured.

Results
Surviving flap size was significantly higher in the HBO preconditioning group compared with controls, with a reduced inflammatory response and increased perfusion. IL-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in the HBO preconditioning group were lower than in controls.

Conclusions
HBO preconditioning improved flap survival in this ischemia-reperfusion rat model. The mechanisms responsible for this effect may relate to attenuation of the inflammatory response and increased flap perfusion following HBO preconditioning.
Citrate versus unfractionated heparin for anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: LIAO Yu-jie , ZHANG Ling , ZENG Xiao-xi , FU Ping 
Published: January 2024

Background
Unfractionated heparin is the most commonly used anticoagulant in continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), but it can increase the risk of bleeding. Citrate is a promising substitute. Our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of citrate versus unfractionated heparin in CRRT.

Methods
We searched the MEDLINE, the EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database until up to November 2011 for randomized controlled trials comparing citrate with unfractionated heparin in adult patients with acute kidney injury prescribed CRRT. The primary outcome was mortality and the secondary outcomes included circuit survival, control of uremia, risk of bleeding, transfusion rates, acid-base statuses, and disturbance of sodium and calcium homeostasis.

Results
Four trials met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis found no significant difference between two anticoagulants on mortality. Less bleeding and more hypocalcemic episodes were with citrate. Citrate was superior or comparable to unfractionated heparin in circuit life.

Conclusions
Citrate anticoagulation in CRRT seems to be superior in reducing bleeding risk and with a longer or similar circuit life, although there is more metabolic derangement. Mortality superiority has not been approved.
Common underlying diseases do not contribute in determining the causes of sudden unexplained death
Authors: TIAN Zhao-xing , Yan-yu LÜ , Nugessur Chetan Rai , YAN Wei , ZHAO Wen-kui , KONG Li-li , ZHENG Ya-an 
Published: January 2024

Background
Underlying diseases have a statistically significant positive correlation to sudden death. However, sudden unexplained death (SUD) is different from sudden death, as there is no clinical evidence to support the sudden death due to the original underlying disease, nor a lethal pathological basis to be found during autopsy. In addition, SUD are more common in young, previously healthy individuals, usually without any signs of disease, with no positive lesions found after autopsy. Therefore, a causal relationship between SUD and the underlying disease needs to be further explored. This study aimed to explore the role that common underlying diseases play in patients with SUD and to reveal the correlation between them.

Methods
The medical records, history and case information of 208 patients with SUD were collected for the survey. All these SUD occurred in the emergency room of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2006 to December 2009. The patients were stratified by with and without common underlying diseases. To examine possible associations between the underlying diseases and the cause of unexplained sudden death, the chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used.

Results
Among the 208 patients, 65 were diagnosed with common underlying diseases while 143 were not. Within these two groups, there were 45 patients for whom the clear cause of death was determined. However, there were no statistically significant differences or strong associations (x
2=1.238, P >0.05) between the 11 patients with (16.90%) and 34 without (23.78%) common underlying disease among these 45 patients. We also found that occurrence of the common underlying diseases, such as neurological system, cardiovascular and pulmonary system diseases, are not statistically significant (P >0.05) in the diagnosis of the SUD.

Conclusion
Common underlying diseases make no obvious contributions to SUD and are not useful in diagnosing the underlying reasons for death.
Brain metabolism in patients with vegetative state after post-resuscitated hypoxic-ischemic brain injury: statistical parametric mapping analysis of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography
Authors: Kim Yong Wook , Kim Hyoung Seop , An Young-Sil 
Published: January 2024

Background
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) after cardiopulmonary resuscitation is one of the most devastating neurological conditions that causing the impaired consciousness. However, there were few studies investigated the changes of brain metabolism in patients with vegetative state (VS) after post-resuscitated HIBI. This study aimed to analyze the change of overall brain metabolism and elucidated the brain area correlated with the level of consciousness (LOC) in patients with VS after post-resuscitated HIBI.

Methods
We consecutively enrolled 17 patients with VS after HIBI, who experienced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Overall brain metabolism was measured by F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-18 FDG PET) and we compared regional brain metabolic patterns from 17 patients with those from 15 normal controls using voxel-by-voxel based statistical parametric mapping analysis. Additionally, we correlated the LOC measured by the JFK-coma recovery scale-revised of each patient with brain metabolism by covariance analysis.

Results
Compared with normal controls, the patients with VS after post-resuscitated HIBI revealed significantly decreased brain metabolism in bilateral precuneus, bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyri, bilateral superior parietal gyri, bilateral middle occipital gyri, bilateral precentral gyri (P
FEW correctecd <0.0001), and increased brain metabolism in bilateral insula, bilateral cerebella, and the brainstem (P
FEW correctecd <0.0001). In covariance analysis, the LOC was significantly correlated with brain metabolism in bilateral fusiform and superior temporal gyri (P
uncorrected <0.005).

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that the precuneus, the posterior cingulate area and the frontoparietal cortex, which is a component of neural correlate for consciousness, may be relevant structure for impaired consciousness in patient with VS after post-resuscitated HIBI. In post-resuscitated HIBI, measurement of brain metabolism using PET images may be helpful for investigating the brain function that cannot be obtained by morphological imaging and can be used to assess the brain area responsible for consciousness.
Serum HBV DNA level at week 12 is superior to viral response at week 24 in predicting long-term treatment outcome of telbivudine for chronic hepatitis B patients
Authors: LÜ Wei , YANG Hai-hong , FAN Yun-ming , LI Takming , ZHANG Li-fan , MUI Chongseong , FAN Hong-wei , ZHOU Bao-tong , LIU Zheng-yin , NG Hou , LIU Xiao-qing 
Published: January 2024

Background
Telbivudine, one of the five nucleos(t)ide antiviral drugs, was reported to be superior to lamivudine in a better biochemical, virological, and histological response for treatment-naive patients in the GLOBE trial. The aim of this study was to determine the antiviral potency, viral resistance, and the significance of early response for long-term telbivudine treatment.

Methods
We recruited 161 patients of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) on telbivudine between January 2009 and September 2011 in Macau, China. The serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, and viral resistance were analyzed.

Results
The median age and follow-up duration were 48 years and 16.9 months. All patients were followed up for at least 6 months, while data were collected for 132, 120, 95, and 53 patients at 12, 24, 48, and 96 weeks respectively. The cumulative HBeAg seroconversion rate was 20.8% and only three patients (1.9%) presented with telbivudine low level resistance. The ALT normalization rates were 76.9% at 48 weeks and 77.6% at 96 weeks. Undetectable HBV DNA was achieved by 1.8%, 31.6%, 60%, and 74.1% in HBeAg positive patients and 29.3%, 60.3%, 84%, and 84.6% in HBeAg negative patients at each time point. Week 12 HBV DNA level <1000 copies/ml (<200 IU/ml) was a better predictor of viral suppression at 2-year follow-up (P=0.001, OR=27.00) than undetectable HBV DNA level at week 24 (P=0.120, OR=4.81).

Conclusions
Two-year telbivudine treatment yielded high rates of viral suppression and ALT normalization. Serum HBV DNA level at week 12 is a superior predictor for long-term viral suppression.
Inhaled unfractionated heparin improves abnormalities of alveolar coagulation, fibrinolysis and inflammation in endotoxemia-induced lung injury rats
Authors: WANG Zong-yu , WU Sheng-nan , ZHU Zhao-zhong , YANG Ba-xian , ZHU Xi 
Published: January 2024

Background
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome presents with not only local inflammation, but also pulmonary coagulopathy which is characterized by an alveolar procoagulant response, anticoagulant inhibition, fibrinolytic supression and fibrin deposition. We thus had hypothesized that if aerosolized unfractionated heparin was inhaled into alveolar spaces, it could block the procoagulant tendency, lessen depletion of coagulation factors, and even influence the inflammatory response. We also assessed the effects of different administration regimens of heparin.

Methods
Male Wistar rats were given inhaled heparin starting 30 minutes before (prophylactic heparin) or 2 hours after (therapeutic heparin) intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered at 6-hour intervals; control groups received inhaled normal saline with or without being exposed to LPS. Thrombin-antithrombin complexes, activated protein C, tissue type and urokinase type plasminogen activators (t-PA/u-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung tissue myeloperoxidase activity, and histology score were measured at three time-points. PAI-1/(t-PA + u-PA) was calculated based on the before-mentioned parameters. Statistical analysis was made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc test or Student's t test in the case of heterogeneity of variance.

Results
An alveolar procoagulant reaction, depressed fibrinolysis, and inflammatory response occurred in endotoxemia-induced lung injury. Local prophylactic application of heparin attenuated coagulation and early inflammation, promoted fibrinolysis, and reduced the histology score. Therapeutic application of heparin had similar, but weaker effects.

Conclusions
Intrapulmonary application of unfractionated heparin by inhalation might inhibit alveolar procoagulant reaction and the early inflammatory response, promote fibrinolysis, and alleviate pulmonary pathology in endotoxemia-induced lung injury rats. Administration of heparin before LPS challenge was more efficacious.

Chin Med J 2013;126 (2): 318-324
Cord blood transplantation for the treatment of acute leukemia
Authors: Park Meerim , Lee Young-ho 
Published: January 2024

Objective
This review discussed the available data on treatment outcomes of cord blood transplantation (CBT) for acute leukemia.

Data sources
The data cited in this review were obtained from articles listed in Medline and Pubmed.

Study selection
We reviewed the articles of clinical results from various registries and institutions, as well as our experiences with CBT in children, adolescents and adults.

Results
This research has clearly shown that cord blood (CB) has several unique characteristics resulting in distinct advantage and disadvantages when compared to transplantation with unrelated donor bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells. The field of CBT has advanced from investigating its safety and feasibility to addressing more specific issues such as accelerating engraftment, extending access, and examining outcomes in specific subgroups of patients. Many approaches have been investigated in the attempt to improve engraftment and survival. Variable factors have been identified, such as factors related to donor choice (human leukocyte antigen (HLA) compatibility, cell dose, and others) and transplantation (conditioning and graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis regimen). Data support that CB should be considered a reasonable option in those that do not have HLA matched sibling donor and for those in whom the time to transplant is critical.

Conclusions
CB is a reasonable alternative to unrelated donor bone marrow or peripheral blood progenitor cells for transplantation. Recently developed strategies aimed at improving hematopoietic recovery and reducing early transplantation-related mortality could further improve treatment outcomes of CBT for patients with acute leukemia.
Evaluation of neointimal coverage in patients with coronary artery aneurysm formation after drug-eluting stent implantation by optical coherence tomography
Authors: TIAN Feng , CHEN Yun-dai , CHEN Lian , SUN Zhi-jun , GUO Jun , JIN Qin-hua , LIU Chang-fu , WANG Jin-da , LIU Hong-bin 
Published: January 2024

Background
The vessel healing in patients with coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) that form after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation is not clear. This study aims to assess the vessel healing in patients with CAA formation after DES implanation.

Methods
From June 2008 to August 2011, follow-up coronary angiography was conducted on 1160 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The average period of follow-up was about (18.95±13.05) months. A total of 175 patients who underwent DES implantation into de novo lesions and who underwent coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination during follow-up were identified. Patients were divided into the CAA group (n=31) and non-CAA group (n=144) based on the results of the coronary angiography. The cardiac events including angina and acute myocardial infarction were noted; in addition, the neointimal thickness and the frequency of strut malapposition and strut uncoverage were also noted.

Results
A greater proportion of incomplete neointimal coverage (17.17% vs. 1.90%, P <0.001) and strut malapposition (18.20% vs. 1.38%, P <0.001) were observed in the CAA group. The neointimal thickness in the CAA group was significantly thinner than that in the non-CAA group ((146.6±94.8) μm vs. (192.5±97.1) μm, P <0.001), as detected via OCT. Patients with CAA formation had a higher frequency of cardiac events including angina pectoris (25.81% vs. 6.25%, P=0.001) and acute myocardial infarction (9.68% vs. 0.13%, P=0.002) and thrombosis (16.13% vs. 0.69%, P <0.001). The longitudinal length of the CAA in the cardiac event group was significantly longer than in the no cardiac event group (20.0±9.07) mm vs. (12.05±5.38) mm, P=0.005).

Conclusion
CAA formation after DES implantation is frequently associated with cardiac events as a result of stent malapposition and incomplete neointimal coverage.
Long-term effects of bone marrow-derived cells transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis
Authors: CHEN Long , TONG Jia-yi , JIN Hui , REN Xiao-mei , JIN Hong , WANG Qing-jie , MA Gen-shan 
Published: January 2024

Background
The long-term effects of bone marrow-derived cells (BMC) transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have not been established. The present meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with follow-up ≥2 years was performed to investigate the long-term effects of BMC therapy in patients after AMI.

Methods
Specific terms were used to conduct a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the China Biological Medicine Disk database from their inception to March 2012. A standardized protocol was used to extract information, and random effect model was used to analyze all data except major adverse events.

Results
Five trials comprising 510 patients were included. Compared with controls, BMC therapy significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (4.18%, 95% CI: 2.02% to 6.35%, P=0.0002), while mildly but not significantly reduced left ventricular end-systolic volume (-4.47 ml, 95% CI: -10.92 to 1.99, P=0.17) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (-2.29 ml, 95% CI: -9.96 to 5.39, P =0.56). Subgroup analysis revealed that significant improvement of LVEF induced by BMC therapy could be observed in patients with baseline LVEF ≤42%, but disappeared in those with baseline LVEF >42%. There were trends in favor of BMC therapy for most major clinical adverse events, though most differences were not significant.

Conclusions
Intracoronary BMC infusion in patients with AMI seems to be safe and may further improve LVEF on top of standard therapy; especially the beneficial effects could last for long term. The findings need to be validated in the future.

Chin Med J 2013;126 (2): 353-360
Pulmonary oligemia maneuver can alleviate pulmonary artery injury during pulmonary thromboendarterectomy procedure
Authors: GAN Hui-li , ZHANG Jian-qun , LU Jia-kai , DONG Xiu-hua , HOU Xiao-tong , GAO Yuan-ming , ZHU Guang-fa 
Published: January 2024

Background
Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) has evolved as a treatment of choice for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). This study aimed to characterize if pulmonary oligemia maneuver (POM) can alleviate pulmonary artery injury during PTE procedure.

Methods
A total of 112 cases of CTEPH admitted to Beijing Anzhen Hospital from March 2002 to August 2011 received PTE procedure. They were retrospectively classified as non-POM group (group A, n=55) or POM group (group B, n=57). Members from group B received POM during rewarming period, whereas members from group A did not.

Results
There were three (5.45%) early deaths in group A, no death in group B (0) (Fisher's exact test, P=0.118). Six patients in group A needed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as life support after the PTE procedure, no patients in group B needed ECMO (Fisher's exact test, P=0.013). The patients in group B had a shorter intubation and ICU stay, lower mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), higher partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and less medical expenditure than patients in group A. With a mean follow-up time of (58.3 ± 30.6) months, two patients in group A and one patient in group B died. The difference of the actuarial survival after the procedure between the two groups did not reach statistical significance. Three months post the PTE procedure, the difference of residual occluded pulmonary segment between the two groups did not reach statistical significance (P=0.393).

Conclusion
POM can alleviate pulmonary artery injury, shorten ICU stay and intubation time, and lower down the rate of ECMO after PTE procedure.