bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crop bromide concentrations following methyl bromide fumigation for pale cyst nematode in southeastern Idaho
Authors: Rogers Christopher W. , Marshall Juliet M. , Moll Margaret , Curl Cynthia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMethyl bromide (MeBr) is a sterilizing fumigant used to control quarantine pests that is restricted due to its detrimental atmospheric effects. The degradation of injected MeBr produces crop‐available Br−. Up to five applications of MeBr were used in southeastern Idaho fields to combat the pale cyst nematode (Globodera pallida). Data regarding the uptake and partitioning of Br− in crops following MeBr application in the region were unavailable. Research determined background concentrations of Br− in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), corn (Zea mays L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) compared to MeBr‐treated fields. Background Br− concentrations ranged from nondetectable (ND) to 33.0 mg Br− kg−1; vegetative tissue concentrations were greater than reproductive, except corn where there was no difference. Nearly all crops grown in MeBr‐treated fields had greater Br− concentrations than background. Background‐baled‐alfalfa tissue Br− concentration was 33.0 mg kg−1 compared to 117.8 mg Br− kg−1 from a MeBr‐treated field. Br− concentration in green alfalfa decreased from 79.8 to 36.5 mg Br− kg−1 at the final cutting in a MeBr‐treated field, where time after application decreased crop Br− concentrations. Small grains had low Br− concentrations in reproductive tissue (1.7 mg Br− kg−1) compared to vegetative tissue (106.5 mg Br− kg−1). Corn stover concentration (12.7 mg Br− kg−1) was low relative to small‐grain straw, but corn ear (5.8 mg Br− kg−1) was greater than small‐grain reproductive tissue in the MeBr‐treated field. Crop selection following MeBr applications should consider the likelihood of elevated Br− concentration for the plant fractions intended end use.
How a menu of adherence support strategies facilitated high adherence to HIV prevention products among adolescent girls and young women in sub‐Saharan Africa: a mixed methods analysis
Authors: Roberts Sarah T. , Mancuso Noah , Williams Kristin , Nabunya Hadijah Kalule , Mposula Hlengiwe , Mugocha Caroline , Mvinjelwa Priscilla , Garcia Morgan , Szydlo Daniel W. , Soto‐Torres Lydia , Ngure Kenneth , Hosek Sybil 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionEffective use of pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been low among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub‐Saharan Africa. The MTN‐034/REACH trial offered AGYW a menu of adherence support strategies and achieved high adherence to both daily oral PrEP and the monthly dapivirine vaginal ring. Understanding how these strategies promoted product use could inform the design of adherence support systems in programmatic settings.MethodsREACH was a randomized crossover trial evaluating the safety of and adherence to the ring and oral PrEP among 247 HIV‐negative AGYW (ages 16–21) in South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe from January 2019 to September 2021 (NCT03593655). Adherence support included monthly counselling sessions with drug‐level feedback (DLF) plus optional daily short message service (SMS) reminders, weekly phone or SMS check‐ins, peer support clubs, “peer buddies” and additional counselling. Counsellors documented adherence support choices and counselling content on standardized forms. Through focus groups, serial in‐depth interviews (IDIs) and single IDIs (n = 119 total), we explored participants’ experiences with adherence support and how it encouraged product use.ResultsParticipants received counselling at nearly all visits. DLF was provided at 54.3% of sessions and, across sites, 49%–68% received results showing high adherence for oral PrEP, and 73%–89% for the ring. The most popular support strategies were in‐person clubs and weekly calls, followed by online clubs, additional counselling and SMS. Preferences differed across sites but were similar for both products. Qualitative results demonstrated that the REACH strategies supported adherence by providing information about HIV and PrEP, continually motivating participants, and supporting the development of behavioural skills and self‐efficacy, aligning with the Information, Motivation, and Behavioural Skills (IMB) model. Effectiveness was supported by three foundational pillars: strong interpersonal relationships with counsellors; ongoing, easily accessible support and resources; and establishing trust in the counsellors and study products through counsellor relationships, peer‐to‐peer exchange and DLF.ConclusionsImplementation programmes could support effective PrEP use by offering a small menu of counsellor‐ and peer‐based support options that are youth‐friendly and developmentally appropriate. The same menu options can support both ring and oral PrEP users, though content should be tailored to the individual products.
Arterial Spin Labeling‐Based MR Angiography for Cerebrovascular Diseases: Principles and Clinical Applications
Authors: Togao Osamu , Obara Makoto , Yamashita Koji , Kikuchi Kazufumi , Wada Tatsuhiro , Murazaki Hiroo , Arimura Koichi , Nishimura Ataru , Horie Nobutaka , van de Ven Kim , Van Cauteren Marc , Ishigami Kousei 
Published: November 2023

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a noninvasive imaging technique that labels the proton spins in arterial blood and uses them as endogenous tracers. Brain perfusion imaging with ASL is becoming increasingly common in clinical practice, and clinical applications of ASL for intracranial magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have also been demonstrated. Unlike computed tomography (CT) angiography and cerebral angiography, ASL‐based MRA does not require contrast agents. ASL‐based MRA overcomes most of the disadvantages of time‐of‐flight (TOF) MRA. Several schemes have been developed for ASL‐based MRA; the most common method has been pulsed ASL, but more recently pseudo‐continuous ASL, which provides a higher signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), has been used more frequently. New methods that have been developed include direct intracranial labeling methods such as velocity‐selective ASL and acceleration‐selective ASL. MRA using an extremely short echo time (eg, silent MRA) or ultrashort echo‐time (TE) MRA can suppress metal susceptibility artifacts and is ideal for patients with a metallic device implanted in a cerebral vessel. Vessel‐selective 4D ASL MRA can provide digital subtraction angiography (DSA)‐like images. This review highlights the principles, clinical applications, and characteristics of various ASL‐based MRA techniques.Level of Evidence5Technical EfficacyStage 2
Knowledge sharing and innovation performance: The mediating role of open innovation
Authors: Zan Fangfang , Leong Yee Choy , Ismail Noor Azlin , Chu Mingyue , Saif Abu Naser Mohammad , Islam K. M. Anwarul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe investigation into the performance of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) driven by open innovation has received relatively limited attention in academic research. Businesses can enhance their innovation efforts and develop new products or services by using open innovation strategies to tap into internal expertise or examine external facts. The authors examined the rationales and outcomes of open innovation in SMEs by drawing upon existing theories related to the resource‐based and knowledge‐based perspectives of firms. A conceptual model was proposed. The hypotheses were tested using Partial Least Squares (PLS). Data collected from 429 SMEs were analyzed using SmartPLS 4. The current research indicates that open innovation serves as a mediator between knowledge sharing and innovation performance, with knowledge sharing exerting a positive influence on open innovation and innovation performance. The findings of this study emphasize the increased opportunities presented by open innovation theory and practice, providing insights into the formulation of strategies for the future development of Chinese SMEs.
First‐Side and Second‐Side Repair of Bilateral Superior Canal Dehiscence
Authors: Yang Hong‐Ho , Yang Isaac , Gopen Quinton S. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveBilateral superior canal dehiscence (SCD) may warrant surgeries on both sides. With repairs of unilateral SCD as reference, we investigate the comparative effectiveness of first‐side and second‐side repairs, in hopes of establishing knowledge that can guide clinical decision‐making pertaining the appropriateness of second‐side surgeries.MethodsMiddle fossa SCD repairs at an institution between 2011 and 2022 were analyzed. Multivariable regression models assessed symptom resolution and audiometric improvement with surgery cohort (unilateral SCD repair vs. first‐side repair vs. second‐side repair) as the primary predictor. All models controlled for patient age, sex, surgery duration, prior ear surgery, and follow‐up.ResultsA total of 407 repairs (180 unilateral SCD, 172 first‐side, and 55 second‐side repairs) were analyzed. The rates of overall symptom improvement for auditory and vestibular symptoms were as follows: 81% and 67% for unilateral SCD repairs; 73% and 54% for first‐side repairs; and 43% and 51% for second‐side repairs, respectively. Compared with first‐side repairs, which resolved auditory symptoms at similar rates (aOR 95% C.I. 0.36–1.07) but resolved vestibular symptoms at significantly lower rates (aOR 95% C.I. 0.35–0.93) compared with unilateral SCD repairs, second‐side repairs resolved auditory symptoms at significantly lower rates (aOR 95% C.I. 0.10–0.51) but resolved vestibular symptoms at similar rates (aOR 95% C.I. 0.45–2.01).ConclusionsCareful consideration of perioperative symptomatology may inform the appropriateness of second‐side surgeries. If auditory symptoms persisted following first‐side surgeries, second‐side surgeries are less likely to yield resolution. If vestibular symptoms persisted following first‐side repairs, second‐side repairs may lead to resolution at similar rates as first‐side repairs.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:1882–1888, 2024
Highly Absorbent Egg White/Carbomer‐940 Hydrofilm as a Potential Diabetic Wound Dressing
Authors: Rezaei Soheila , Imani Rana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is the most critical problem in diabetic patients. Managing exudate in this kind of wound presents significant challenges in clinics. Advanced wound dressings serve as the most effective approach to managing DFU. Herein, a highly absorbent hydrofilm is presented through a combination of egg white (EW) and Carbomer‐940, benefiting from the bioactivity of the EW component and superabsorption capacity of Carbomer‐940. The crystallinity of samples rises due to the presence of Carbomer‐940. Regarding the high water absorption capacity of Carbomer‐940, the swelling ratio and water‐holding capacity of samples are also improved via its incorporation of up to 1005%. In contrast, the transmission of water vapor and in vitro degradation rate decreases as Carbomer‐940 powers the crystallinity of hydrofilms. Carbomer‐940 incorporation in the EW structure accelerates protein release during the time, while this acceleration is partially compensated by the crystallization effect. The cell viability assay demonstrates no toxicity as well as high human foreskin fibroblast cell proliferation for the hybrid hydrofilm sample, where the cell migration is positively affected in the presence of the bioactive components extracted from the dressing. Taken together, the optimized hybrid hydrofilm could be suggested as a promising wound dressing for managing DFUs.
DUSP22 suppresses tumor progression by directly dephosphorylating AKT in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Jingying , Kang Guoqi , Lei Weidong , Li Jizhuo , Wang Huiling , Bi Yuanlin , Zhang Wanru , Zhang Liming , Chai Lihui , Wang Peiling , Li Xia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProtein kinase B (AKT) plays a pivotal in regulating cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis, and survival, making it a prominent target for anticancer therapy. While the kinase activity of AKT has been extensively explored, its dephosphorylation have largely remained uncharted. Herein, we aimed to unravel the molecular mechanisms governing AKT dephosphorylation, with a specific emphasis on dual‐specificity phosphatases DUSP22. Our investigation sought to shed light on the potential of DUSP22 as a potential therapeutic target for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To determine the expression level of DUSP22 in NSCLC cell lines, the gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) and Oncomine database were searched. Additionally, the effect of DUSP22 on patient survival was analyzed with Kaplan–Meier database. Antitumor effects of DUSP22 were tested in A549 and H1299 cell lines. Experiments are based on: (1) cell viability determined by the cell counting kit‐8 assay and colony‐formation assay; (2) cell migratory ability assessed through the scratch assay and the transwell migration assay; (3) the mechanism behind the antitumor effects of DUSP22 dissected with co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) and in vitro kinase assays. Our study revealed a significant downregulation of DUSP22 in both NSCLC cell lines and tissues. Meanwhile, survival rate analysis results demonstrated that reduced DUSP22 expression was correlated with poorer overall survival in lung cancer patients. Moreover, DUSP22 exhibited an inhibitory effect on the cell viability and migratory capacity of A549 and H1299 cells. This inhibition was accompanied by the decrease in the phosphorylation of AKT and p38. Mechanistically, the phosphatase domain of DUSP22 interacted with AKT, resulting in the inhibition of AKT phosphorylation. This inhibitory effect was contingent upon the phosphatase activity of DUSP22. These findings provide compelling evidence that DUSP22 directly interacted with AKT, leading to the dephosphorylation of AKT at S473 and T308 residues, ultimately curbing the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells. Additionally, our results also highlight a preclinical rationale for utilizing DUSP22 as a prognostic marker in NSCLC.
The influence of social media on the dietary behaviors of young Australian adults: A mixed methods exploration
Authors: Goerke Kiera , Ng Ashley H. , Trakman Gina L. , Forsyth Adrienne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aims of this study were to (1) determine the impact of social media use on the dietary behaviors of young Australian adults, (2) explore the relationship between social media use and wellbeing, and (3) determine how social media influences dietary behaviors. Young Australian adults (18–25 years) were recruited by social media to complete an anonymous online survey (n = 107) and follow‐up focus groups (n = 5). The cross‐sectional survey collected demographic data, WHO‐5 Wellbeing scores, and information about social media use and its impact on dietary behaviors. Focus groups explored salient findings in more detail. Participants altered their dietary habits due to social media (51%) and were inspired to make healthy choices they saw modeled (71%). However, participants who spent more time on social media had lower WHO‐5 Wellbeing scores and were more likely to report social media had not had a positive impact on their diet (H = 10.38, p = 0.02, df = 3). Focus groups revealed that social media influenced attitudes, not behaviors; young adults trust credible social media creators; and food and nutrition literacy serve as a shield against misinformation. Further studies are needed to explore longitudinal impacts of social media use on wellbeing and dietary behaviors.
A continuous‐time service network design and vehicle routing problem
Authors: He Yun , Hewitt Mike , Lehuédé Fabien , Medina Juliette , Péton Olivier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper considers the integrated planning of goods transportation through a multi‐echelon supply chain consisting of a nationwide network and regional distribution system. The previously studied Service Network Design and Routing Problem considered similar planning decisions, albeit with multiple restrictions regarding the transportation of goods that can eliminate the opportunities for transportation savings. It also does not explicitly model the opportunity to increase vehicle utilization by having vehicles serve multiple purposes within the supply chain. We propose a mathematical model of the problem we consider that is inspired by the operations of an industrial partner. We present an adaptation of the Dynamic Discretization Discovery algorithm to solve this problem and illustrate its computational effectiveness on instances derived from the operations of a retail distribution network in France. Finally, we illustrate the potential savings enabled by solving the proposed model.
Development of peptide‐18‐targeted nanoliposome formulations with an alternative stealth coating copolymer for targeting breast cancer AU565 cell line
Authors: Saka Ongun Mehmet , Bolat Zeynep Busra , Telci Dilek , Sahin Fikrettin , Gulyuz Sevgi , Ozkose Umut Ugur , Yilmaz Ozgur , Bozkir Asuman 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe incidence of breast cancer has increased considerably in recent years. Many efforts have been made to develop various nano‐drug delivery systems with specific properties to achieve effective and specific therapy. The stealthy nanoliposomes are the most successful and promising candidates for providing targeted tumor therapy. In this paper, a synthesized PEtOx‐DOPE (poly(2‐Ethyl 2‐Oxazoline)‐Dioleoyl Phosphatidylethanolamine) copolymer was equipped with a breast cancer‐recognizing tumor‐homing peptide to achieve cell‐specific delivery. The prepared liposomes provided stability for 6 months, and their hydrodynamic diameters are around 100 nm. Targeted liposomes remarkably exhibited 8 times higher cellular internalization in comparison with the nontargeted cells in flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Furthermore, liposome constructs displayed slight toxicity on HaCaT cells when treated with high doses. Hence, Peptide 18‐conjugated PEtOx‐DOPE liposome systems can serve as favorable candidates in breast cancer‐targeted therapy.
Biological control of tomato early blight in Pakistan using local rhizobacteria
Authors: Riaz Hafiz Muhammad , Chohan Sobia , Yuen Gary Y. , Abid Muhammad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe biocontrol potential of soil microbes can reduce the extensive use of hazardous synthetic fungicides. This study was designed to find a strain of rhizobacteria indigenous to Pakistan with potential biocontrol against early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani and to characterize its biocontrol mechanisms.RESULTSAmong 88 strains tested for antagonism against A. solani on agar media, S27, Dt10 and 423, identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, B. cereus and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, respectively, were the most inhibitory. When applied to detached tomato leaflets in Petri dish assays, the strains reduced lesion development by over 30% compared to the control. In greenhouse pot trials, the bacterial strains reduced early blight severity by over 50%. In three field trials, all three strains applied to tomato foliage slowed early blight disease progress and reduced disease severity, with B. amyloliquefaciens S27 reducing the area under the disease progress curve by up to 70%. All three strains showed protease, catalase and oxidase activities in vitro, but none produced β‐1,3‐glucanase and only B. cereus Dt10 showed slight chitinase activity. In a greenhouse experiment in which the bacteria were applied to tomato foliage prior to pathogen inoculation, bacteria‐treated leaves had higher β‐1,3‐glucanase and chitinase levels than leaves inoculated only with the pathogen, indicating priming induction of response.CONCLUSIONThree rhizobacteria strains have the potential to control early blight of tomato under Pakistan's growing conditions, with B. amyloliquefaciens S27 being the most promising candidate for commercial development. Antagonism and induction of the priming response may be mechanisms of biocontrol by the bacterial strains. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of silencing the E74B gene on the development and metamorphosis of Helicoverpa armigera
Authors: Xu Xinhui , Li Tingting , Zhang Lianjun , Liu Xiaoning 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe growth and development transition of insects are mainly mediated by ecdysone. As one of the ecdysone‐induced transcription factors, E74 is involved in many physiological processes of insect growth and development. However, E74 and its function in Helicoverpa armigera remains unclear.RESULTSIn this study, E74B, a subtype of the E74, was identified for the first time in H. armigera. Bioinformatics analysis showed that H. armigera E74B shared the highest homology with E74B in Bombyx mori, which belongs to the E26 transformation‐specific (ETS) superfamily. The expression profile showed that the transcription level of HaE74B increased in the late stages of fourth to sixth instars compared with the early stages; it was also high in the pupa and midgut. Moreover, we investigated the function of HaE74B through RNA interference and 20E rescue experiments. The results showed silencing of E74B affected the molting and growth of larvae, resulting in the death of more than 60% of larvae. In addition, it also seriously affected the metamorphosis of H. armigera, which reduced the pupae rate, the eclosion rate of the pupae, and fecundity. Application of 20E partially restored the defects in the molting, development and pupae rate of H. armigera.CONCLUSIONTaken together, these results demonstrated that HaE74B plays a critical role in the growth, development, and metamorphosis of H. armigera, which serves as a molecular target and sets out a theoretical foundation for RNAi‐mediated control of this key pest. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A case study of the life cycle of a stratus‐lowering coastal‐fog event in Newfoundland, Canada
Authors: Singh Dhiraj K. , Hoch Sebastian W. , Gultepe Ismail , Pardyjak Eric R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present a case study of a coastal‐fog stratus‐cloud‐lowering event on September 13–14, 2018, during the C‐FOG field campaign conducted along the east coast of Newfoundland, Canada. The goal of this work is to understand the mechanisms governing the life cycle of a 4‐hr‐long coastal‐fog event that resulted from the complex interplay of dynamic, thermodynamic, and microphysical processes. In addition to standard meteorological measurements, turbulence, irradiance, droplet‐size spectra, tethered‐balloon wind and thermodynamic profiles, visibility, precipitation, and spatial heterogeneity of microphysics measurements are presented to discriminate and interpret the fog formation, development, and dissipation. After sunset, strong radiative cloud‐top cooling induced top‐down convection length scales that can be characterised with the Thorpe scale. Top‐down mixing and turbulence kinetic energy generated due to buoyant/shear mixing are characterised using the flux and bulk Richardson number near the surface. Use of these parameters is unique in the analysis of fog events and helped describe mixing processes. Downward mixing led to fog droplet formation that precipitated from the cloud base, which in turn cooled the sub‐cloud layers via droplet evaporation and moistened the air beneath the cloud. Once fog formed, it was affected by dry‐air entrainment from its top. As a result, the fog thinned, creating patchy fog that was characterised by remarkable oscillations in visibility near the surface. Dissipation of the fog was driven by strong turbulence above the fog layer and horizontal thermal advection demonstrated using the temperature tendency equation. This work provides novel measurements and analysis techniques that have previously not been used to understand the mechanisms governing stratus‐lowering events. These observations and analyses help highlight processes and explain mechanisms related to the fog life cycle that are inherently challenging to predict in mesoscale models.