bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discussion of “the functional background of the compensation committee chair: the choice and weight of performance measures in CEO compensation”
Authors: Gong Stephen 
Published: October 2023

PurposeNwaeze and Kalelkar (2023) examine the association between the functional background of the compensation committee chair (CC chair) and CEO compensation using S&P 500 firms from 2008 to 2018. They find that the CC chair's functional background is positively associated with the adoption of performance measures that are more aligned with such background. This discussion starts with Nwaeze and Kalelkar's (2023) incremental contribution, and offers suggestions on two areas for improvement. First, the authors could provide a more focused discussion of the conceptual framework. Second, the authors could improve their empirical design and interpretation of results. Avenues for future research are also suggested.Design/methodology/approachThis discussion suggests methods and model specifications that may strengthen the research design, facilitate the interpretation of results, and provide additional insights.FindingsThe discussed paper could improve the reliability and rigor of the empirical tests and the conclusions by providing more contextual and granular information on firms' actual CEO compensation arrangements, using more careful testing procedures, and enhancing clarity in the writing.Originality/valueResearchers could be interested in alternative perspectives and richer analyses of non-agency model based determinants of CEO compensation.
Toward smart sustainable cities: assessment of stakeholders' readiness for digital participatory planning
Authors: Sameer Nibras , Alalouch Chaham , Al-Saadi Saleh , Saleh Mohamed S. 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis study aims to assess the readiness of both citizens and the government for digital participatory planning (DDP) as a contribution to the undergoing transformative shift toward smart and sustainable cities to address the challenges posed by rapid urbanization. While much attention has been devoted to leveraging technology to mitigate these challenges, there has been a relative lack of emphasis on engaging stakeholders in the planning process in a smart and inclusive manner. DPP stands as a cornerstone for the development of sustainable and smart cities. However, before DPP can be effectively implemented on the ground, it is crucial to assess the city readiness for DPP to ensure its success. This assessment is undertaken as part of Oman's broader initiative to transition into sustainable smart cities in alignment with the goals outlined in Oman Vision 2040.Design/methodology/approachA generic evaluation framework was identified, validated and customized to the local context by experts using the pile sorting technique based on the social constructivism theory. Then, the revised framework was used to evaluate the readiness of a sample of local citizens and government officials in Oman for the DPP concept.FindingsThe inferential statistical analysis revealed that citizens are willing to participate in DPP when trust and transparency with policymakers are enhanced. On the government side, the results showed that there is adequate infrastructure that can enable DPP, and planners have a positive attitude toward DPP provided that trust in citizens' opinions is strengthened. This study concludes with a roadmap for preparation for DPP implementation in smart sustainable cities mandated by Oman Vision 2040. The findings and roadmap can inform policy development, decision-making and urban planning practices toward more inclusive, participatory and technologically enabled urban environments.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by emphasizing the significance of stakeholders' smart involvement in planning processes, social sustainability, evaluating city readiness for DPP and providing practical recommendations for DPP implementation in the context of smart sustainable cities. At a theoretical level, the study contributes a framework for assessing readiness for DPP and emphasizes that mutual trust is not only important for conventional participation practices but it is also essential for smart citizens. This study argues that a building or a city is not sustainable unless it is seen as such by its stakeholders, including the end users. Therefore, effective and smart involvement of the citizens in smart city planning is a precondition for the success of the future cities.
Firm certification and export performance: the case of the “SME Leader” label
Authors: Pacheco Luís 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThird-party certifications promote firms' high standards and enhance their legitimacy and reputation, potentially positively impacting their performance, namely on exports.Design/methodology/approachThis paper studies the differences in firms' export performance between firms with and without the “SME Leader” label, a Portuguese firm-specific label. This study data set comprises data for 5.489 SMEs, for 2014–2020, where 2.950 firms obtained their certification during the period and 2.539 are non-certified control firms. The methodology adopted circumvents the traditional endogeneity problems in this type of study.FindingsThe results indicate that the “SME Leader” label does not directly improves a firm's export performance. Additionally, industry characteristics seem relevant for the relationship between SMEs' certification and their levels of internationalization.Originality/valueSince the study sample includes firms from all industrial sectors, this study results apply to various organizations.
Trend tracking tools for the fashion industry: the impact of social media
Authors: Rudniy Alex , Rudna Olena , Park Arim 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis paper seeks to demonstrate the value of using social media to capture fashion trends, including the popularity of specific features of clothing, in order to improve the speed and accuracy of supply chain response in the era of fast fashion.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines the role that text mining can play to improve trend recognition in the fashion industry. Researchers used n-gram analysis to design a social media trend detection tool referred to here as the Twitter Trend Tool (3Ts). This tool was applied to a Twitter dataset to identify trends whose validity was then checked against Google Trends.FindingsThe results suggest that Twitter data are trend representative and can be used to identify the apparel features that are most in demand in near real time.Originality/valueThe 3Ts introduced in this research contributes to the field of fashion analytics by offering a novel method for employing big data from social media to identify consumer preferences in fashion elements and analyzes consumer preferences to improve demand planning.Practical implicationsThe 3Ts improves forecasting models and helps inform marketing campaigns in the apparel retail industry, especially in fast fashion.
Promoting green employee behaviour from the lens of green transformational leadership
Authors: Lathabhavan Remya , Kaur Sukhpreet 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe present study intends to study the role of green transformational leadership in promoting green employee behaviour via green employee creativity. The study will draw its foundation from resource-based view and social exchange theory, thereby providing theoretical underpinning to explore the relationship between leadership, creativity and green behaviour.Design/methodology/approachA survey questionnaire was prepared to collect data to examine the relationship among the variables. Responses of 82 human resource (HR) managers and 488 employees of Indian Information Technology/Information Technology Enabled Services (IT/ITES) firms were used for the study. A 2-1-1 multi-level structural equation modelling (ML-SEM) was performed using Mplus version 8.6 software.FindingsThe study reveals significant and positive association for first three hypotheses, i.e. the direct relationship between green transformational leadership, green employee creativity and green employee behaviour. However, the fourth hypothesis is partially supported. Green employee creativity partially mediates the direct relationship between green transformational leadership and green employee behaviour.Originality/valueBy examining how green transformational leadership influences green employee behaviour through the interaction of creativity, the research offers a novel contribution to the field of sustainable organizational practices, enhancing the understanding of leadership, creativity and environmental commitment. The present research addresses pressing societal issues, contributes to more environmentally responsible practices and enhances the understanding of leadership and creativity in today's socially conscious world. Such a holistic examination of these interconnected factors can lead to actionable strategies for organizations to navigate the challenges of environmental responsibility in a rapidly changing world.
High‐resolution mapping of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) densities for targeted conservation management
Authors: Jansen Jeroen , Jansen Jan , Dean Abbey T. , Brandle Robert , Peacock David E. , Jones Menna E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Despite the staggering economic and ecological impacts of invasive animals, maps of their distribution are often only broad generalisations. Detailed knowledge about the spatial distribution of pest animals is crucial to efficiently reduce their numbers in open landscapes where no conservation fencing, or natural boundaries exist.

Our case study tests a random but spatially balanced transect design to collect data on the distribution of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), a major destructive pest species in Australian ecosystems, and create distribution maps in relation to abiotic and biotic features. We surveyed an area of 650 km2 in the semi‐arid Flinders Ranges of South Australia using 95 transects (1.4 km length by 50 m width), that were placed with a method originally developed for surveying the ocean‐floor and applied for the first time in terrestrial ecosystems.

According to a hurdle model fitted to our data set, the presence of rabbit warrens is influenced by geology, vegetation cover and the topographic wetness index, whereas the number of holes per warren depends on the ruggedness of the terrain, the vegetation cover and whether it has previously been destroyed.

The model predicted the numbers of rabbit holes with up to 96.4% accuracy and at a previously unavailable resolution, providing a significant improvement in detail of the distribution of this feral animal.

Synthesis and applications: A reliable, high‐resolution map of the distribution of rabbit densities was generated with surveying of less than 1% of the study area, information that can now be used to direct targeted conservation management efforts. This method is highly accurate and can still be improved in future studies.
Mobile elements create strain‐level variation in the services conferred by an aphid symbiont
Authors: Patel Vilas , Lynn‐Bell Nicole , Chevignon Germain , Kucuk Roy A. , Higashi Clesson H. V. , Carpenter Melissa , Russell Jacob A. , Oliver Kerry M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHeritable, facultative symbionts are common in arthropods, often functioning in host defence. Despite moderately reduced genomes, facultative symbionts retain evolutionary potential through mobile genetic elements (MGEs). MGEs form the primary basis of strain‐level variation in genome content and architecture, and often correlate with variability in symbiont‐mediated phenotypes. In pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum), strain‐level variation in the type of toxin‐encoding bacteriophages (APSEs) carried by the bacterium Hamiltonella defensa correlates with strength of defence against parasitoids. However, co‐inheritance creates difficulties for partitioning their relative contributions to aphid defence. Here we identified isolates of H. defensa that were nearly identical except for APSE type. When holding H. defensa genotype constant, protection levels corresponded to APSE virulence module type. Results further indicated that APSEs move repeatedly within some H. defensa clades providing a mechanism for rapid evolution in anti‐parasitoid defences. Strain variation in H. defensa also correlates with the presence of a second symbiont Fukatsuia symbiotica. Predictions that nutritional interactions structured this coinfection were not supported by comparative genomics, but bacteriocin‐containing plasmids unique to co‐infecting strains may contribute to their common pairing. In conclusion, strain diversity, and joint capacities for horizontal transfer of MGEs and symbionts, are emergent players in the rapid evolution of arthropods.
Prioritisation in municipal service delivery management: An exploratory qualitative research study in Turkish municipalities
Authors: Barca Mehmet , Aytekin İhsan , Danışman Ali , Kıral Halis , Şahin Mustafa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study attempts to understand to what extent the actual priority setting in the municipalities of Türkiye as a developing country aligns with idealised rational models based on theoretical principles and successful cases in developed countries. For that purpose, the study examines the cases of priority‐setting process of service provision in Turkish municipalities through an exploratory qualitative research method involving focus group meetings with the representatives of 30 municipalities and field observation in two municipalities. The findings reveal key aspects of the prioritisation process, including approaches taken by the municipalities, citizen and stakeholder engagement, the role of managers, criteria used for the assessment of alternatives, and evaluation methods. The analysis identifies two distinct patterns, that is the idealised rationalist versus pragmatic, in all the key aspects examined. These findings contribute to a better understanding of what aspects of idealised rationalist and pragmatical decision‐making processes are distinct from each other, and to a more comprehensive international perspective in public organisations, especially in which top manager such as the mayor is elected into office in developing countries. The study cautions against uncritical acceptance of oversimplified rationalistic as well as universalistic assumptions behind priority‐setting models and advocates for a more substantiated and contextualised understanding of decision‐making processes.Points for practitioners
Adopting a priority‐setting approach (technique, method, or criteria) necessitates considering the unique conditions and challenges of one's organisation and the local context. It is imperative to blend theoretical principles with practical realities to achieve optimal decision‐making and superior outcomes.
Priority setting in public organisations of developing countries diverges from idealised rational models used in developed countries due to contextual factors like culture and limited resources. Policy advisors from international organisations and developed countries should endorse knowledge and experience sharing that acknowledges both ideal and practical realities. Concurrently, practitioners in developing countries must critically assess the applicability of advised models to their specific context before adoption.
If the mayor takes a dominant role in the priority setting that outweighs institutional strategies and priorities, effective prioritisation among alternatives may be hindered. To rebalance power, it is crucial to foster an organisational culture that embraces participative decision‐making and professionalism and implements mechanisms such as auditing, transparency, and accountability.
The nexus across water, energy and food (WEF): Learning from research, building on evidence, strengthening practice
Authors: Holmatov B. , Lautze J. , Uhlenbrook S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile water‐energy‐food (WEF) Nexus is one of the most important, and widely investigated, environmental topics of our time, previous stock taking efforts possess notable limitations, namely (i) their focus is restricted to research articles, and (ii) there is less focus on nexus permutations that begin with energy and food. This paper assembled more than 900 documents and systematically categorized them according to more than 10 key parameters (e.g. scale, methods, limitations), to characterize approaches, achieved outcomes and presence of variables likely to support on‐the‐ground change. Our results reveal that WEF Nexus activities are often driven by the water sector, undertaken at global and national scale and authored by experts from diverse backgrounds. Among the utilized methods, modelling and review (i.e. systematic) are the most common. While climate change and governance are routinely considered in WEF Nexus documents, gender, stakeholders and capacity are not. These findings highlight areas for improvement in the design of WEF Nexus initiatives.
Ileocecal involvement in intestinal Behçet's disease and Crohn's disease: comparison of clinicopathological and immunophenotypic features
Authors: Wu Yan Chuang , Fu Yu Juan , Xia Hai Jiao , Zhu Jia , Huang Ying , Jiang Zhi Nong 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesIntestinal Behçet's disease (BD) predominantly affects the ileocecal region and is currently diagnosed based on endoscopic features and clinical manifestations. It is difficult to distinguish between intestinal BD and Crohn's disease (CD) due to similar patient populations, gastrointestinal involvement, extraintestinal manifestations, and long‐term recurrent course. In this study we aimed to compare the clinicopathological and immunophenotypic features of intestinal BD to CD.MethodsThe medical and pathological records of 29 cases of intestinal BD and 120 cases of CD diagnosed at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD20, FOXP3, myeloperoxidase, and quantitative analysis of the infiltrating inflammatory cells was conducted.ResultsIntestinal BD with ileocecal ulcer had a higher incidence of abdominal pain and a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate than CD, while chronic diarrhea was more common in CD. Excessive neutrophils in the mucosal lamina propria, neutrophilic exudate on the ulcer surface, and prominent lymphocytic infiltration in ulcer tissues were statistically more frequent in intestinal BD than in CD. The numbers of FOXP3+T cells, CD3+T cells, and CD20+B cells in biopsy tissue from intestinal BD were significantly higher than CD, but the ratio of FOXP3+T cells to CD3+T cells was not statistically different.ConclusionBesides the typical clinical and endoscopic findings, diagnostic biopsies from the ileocecal region in intestinal BD show some histological and immunophenotypic features that are different from CD, which may be useful in distinguishing these two entities.
The efficacy and safety of beinaglutide alone or in combination with insulin glargine in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are inadequately controlled with oral antihyperglycemic therapy: A multicenter, open‐label, randomized trial
Authors: Liu Xiangyang , Yang Wenjuan , Liu Jianrong , Huang Xinxi , Fang Yujie , Ming Jie , Lai Jingbo , Fu Jianfang , Ji Qiuhe , Wang Li 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo compare glycemic control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) whose blood glucose levels were inadequately controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs after beinaglutide alone or combined with insulin glargine (IGlar).MethodsIn this 16‐week multicenter, randomized clinical trial, 68 participants randomly received beinaglutide or IGlar for 8 weeks, then the two drugs in combination for 8 weeks. The primary outcomes were the proportion of individuals achieving their glycemic target and the change in glucose variability as measured with a continuous glucose monitoring system from baseline to 8 and 16 weeks.ResultsBoth the beinaglutide and IGlar groups showed increased proportions achieving their glycemic target at 8 weeks, and the combination augmented the proportion reaching the glycated hemoglobin target from 25.42% at 8 weeks to 40.68% at 16 weeks. The beinaglutide group showed a significant reduction in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure. Beinaglutide elevated high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol by 0.08 mmol/L (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.00–0.16), and diminished low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol by 0.21 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.05–0.48), whereas IGlar showed no effect. Though IGlar was more efficient in lowering fasting plasma glucose than beinaglutide at comparable efficacies (to −1.57 mmol/L [95% CI, −2.60 to −0.54]), this difference was abolished in patients whose fasting C‐peptide was ≥0.9 ng/mL.ConclusionBeinaglutide exhibited a favorable hypoglycemic effect on patients with T2DM, and in combination with IGlar, glucose level was further decreased. Low fasting C‐peptide in patients may reduce the glycemic response to beinaglutide therapy. We recommend that C‐peptide levels be evaluated when using or switching to the novel glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists beinaglutide.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03829891.
Mind the uncertainty: Global plate model choice impacts deep‐time palaeobiological studies
Authors: Buffan Lucas , Jones Lewis A. , Domeier Mathew , Scotese Christopher R. , Zahirovic Sabin , Varela Sara 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Global plate models (GPMs) aim to reconstruct the tectonic evolution of the Earth by modelling the motion of the plates and continents through time. These models enable palaeobiologists to study the past distribution of extinct organisms. However, different GPMs exist that vary in their partitioning of the Earth's surface and the modelling of continental motions. Consequently, the preferred use of one GPM will influence palaeogeographic reconstruction of fossil occurrences and any inferred palaeobiological and palaeoclimatic conclusion.

Here, using five open‐access GPMs, we reconstruct the palaeogeographic distribution of cell centroids from a global hexagonal grid and quantify palaeogeographic uncertainty across the entire Phanerozoic (540–0 Ma). We measure uncertainty between reconstructed coordinates using two metrics: (1) palaeolatitudinal standard deviation and (2) mean pairwise geodesic distance. Subsequently, we evaluate the impact of GPM choice on palaeoclimatic reconstructions when using fossil occurrence data. To do so, we use two climatically sensitive entities (coral reefs and crocodylomorphs) to infer the palaeolatitudinal extent of subtropical climatic conditions for the last 240 million years.

Our results indicate that differences between GPMs increase with the age of reconstruction. Specifically, cell centroids rotated to older intervals show larger differences in palaeolatitude and geographic spread than those rotated to younger intervals. However, high palaeogeographic uncertainty is also observed in younger intervals within tectonically complex regions (i.e. in the vicinity of terrane and plate boundaries). We also show that when using fossil data to infer the distribution of subtropical climatic conditions across the last 240 Ma, estimates vary by 6–7° latitude on average, and up to 24° latitude in extreme cases.

Our findings confirm that GPM choice is an important consideration when studying past biogeographic patterns and palaeoclimatic trends. We recommend using GPMs that report true palaeolatitudes (i.e. use a palaeomagnetic reference frame) and incorporating palaeogeographic uncertainty into palaeobiological analyses.