bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processing and modeling of mill scale strengthened ABS composites fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM): Effects of printing parameters
Authors: Tungtrongpairoj Jennarong , Doungkeaw Korbkaroon , Thavornyutikarn Boonlom , Suttipong Peeraphat , Uthaisangsuk Vitoon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mill scale (MS) strengthened acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) composite filaments were fabricated as an optional low-cost and sustainable feedstock material with enhanced strength using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. In the present study, the effects of the printing parameters on the mechanical properties of the printed ABS/1.0 vol% MS composites were evaluated. Test specimens of ABS/1.0 vol% MS composites were printed at temperatures of 240–280°C, printing speeds of 10–90 mm s− 1, and infill densities of 25–100%. The average maximum stress and modulus of ABS/1.0 vol% MS samples increased when the printing temperature was raised to 270°C while decreasing the printing speed, with numerous air gaps and pores found in the cross-sectional microstructures after failure at low infill density. High surface roughness of the printed ABS/1.0 vol% MS composites was observed by a 3D laser scanner when printing at high temperatures and speeds due to insufficient cooling. The printed composite microstructures were examined by X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT), and showed homogeneously dense particle dispersion in the entire printed part. Representative volume element (RVE) based modeling was conducted using real particle geometries from µCT. RVE simulations predicted high local stress distributions around mill scale particles and air gaps in the printed samples.
Deconfined quantum critical point lost in pressurized SrCu2(BO3)2
Authors: Sun Liling , Guo Jing , Wang Pengyu , Huang Cheng , Chen Bin-Bin , Hong Wenshan , Cai Shu , Zhao Jinyu , Han Jinyu , Chen Xintian , Zhou Yazhou , Li Shiliang , Wu Qi , Meng Zi Yang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In the field of correlated electron materials, the relation between the resonating spin singlet and antiferromagnetic states has long been an attractive topic for understanding of the interesting macroscopic quantum phenomena, such as the ones emerging from magnetic frustrated materials, antiferromagnets and high-𝑇c superconductors. SrCu2(BO3)2 is a well-known quantum magnet, and it is theoretically expected to be the candidate of correlated electron material for clarifying the existence of a pressure-induced deconfined quantum critical point (DQCP), featured by a continuous quantum phase transition, between the plaquette-singlet (PS) valence bond solid phase and the antiferromagnetic (AF) phase. However, the real nature of the transition is yet to be identified experimentally due to the technical challenge. Here we show the experimental results for the first time, through the state-of-the-art high-pressure heat capacity measurement, that the PS-AF phase transition of the pressurized SrCu2(BO3)2 at zero field is clearly a first-order one. Our result clarifies the more- than-two-decade-long debates about this key issue, and resonates nicely with the recent quantum entanglement understanding that the theoretically predicted DQCPs in representative lattice models are actually a first-order transition. Intriguingly, we also find that the transition temperatures of the PS and AF phase meet at the same pressure-temperature point, which signifies a bi-critical point as those observed in Fe-based superconductor and heavy-fermion compound, and constitutes the first experimental discovery of the pressure-induced bi-critical point in frustrated magnets. Our results provide fresh information for understanding the evolution among different spin states of correlated electron materials under pressure.
Mechanistic evaluation of anti-arthritic effects of campesterol through downregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB, MMP 3, COX I, and COX II
Authors: Nazir Sarwat , Mobashar Aisha , Anjum Irfan , Sharif Ali , Shabbir Arham , Chaudhary Waqas Ashraf , Jardan Yousef A. Bin , Bourhia Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Aims
This research aimed to use a rat model of CFA-induced arthritis to evaluate the antiarthritic effects of Campesterol, a phytosterol with therapeutic promise for inflammatory ailments.
Methodology
: A total of 30 Sprague-Dawley rats, with weight range 250–350 g, were randomly split into five groups (n = 6). Injection of CFA on Day 0 induced arthritis, and therapy began on Day 8 and continued until Day 28. The severity of paw edema and arthritic symptoms were measured on Days 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th. Blood was drawn after the sacrifice, and further tests included, X ray interpretation, haematological parameters, biochemical paramters, histopathological parameter, and inflammatory biomarkers were evaluated that found to be significantly reduced. Moreover mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB, MMP 3, COX I, COX II, and IL-4 were assesed by real time polymerase chain reaction and PGE2 level was also evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
The use of Campesterol significantly inhibited the progression of paw edema, culminating in a notable decrease in arthritic scor. Notably, campesterol treatment improved histopathological indicators overall. The mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers such as TNF-α, NF-kB, IL-6, COX II, and IL-1β were decreased while IL-4 level was increased in treated groups as compared to arthritic control group. Moreover, treatment with campesterol and piroxicam significantly reduced PGE2 level. Haemoglobin, Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet counts were almost restored in the treated groups. Other indicators such as total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and rheumatoid factor were found statistically insignificant.
Conclusion
Campesterol significantly possess significant antiarthritic and immunomodulatory properties by downregulating the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers such as TNF-α, NF-kB, IL-6, COX II, and IL-1β and upregulating the IL-4 level.
Integrated urinary biomarkers can predict early acute kidney injury in children undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Miloševski-Lomić Gordana , Kotur-Stevuljević Jelena , Paripović Dušan , Nikolovski Srđan , Lazić Jelena , Rodić Predrag , Vukmir Biljana , Mitrovic Jadranka , Petrović Ana , Peco-Antić Amira 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in pediatric oncology patients, most often caused by nephrotoxic drugs. We aimed to assess whether levels of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) and Vanin-1 (VNN-1) could be early biomarkers for cytotoxic treatment induced AKI.
Material and methods
Children with different malignant diseases treated with cisplatin (CIS) or ifosfamide (IFO) were included. AKI was defined as at least 25% decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by comparing baseline pretreatment eGFR value with the value acquired at 48h after the first or second chemotherapy cycle. Five serum and four urine samples were obtained immediately before and at 2h, 6h, 24h and 48h after treatment.
Results
Out of 38 patients, 12 (31.58%) experienced AKI within 2 days following the chemotherapy. A model of integrated parameters measured in urine showed significant diagnostic accuracy of pretreatment urine biomarkers (AUC 0.753), urine biomarkers measured 24 h after chemotherapy (AUC 0.712), as well as the ratio of urinary biomarkers measured 24h after chemotherapy adjusted according to urine creatinine concentrations compared to baseline (24 h/baseline ratios) (AUC 0.718) towards AKI prediction.
Conclusion
Our study suggests that the changes in urinary NGAL/creatinine, KIM-1/creatinine, L-FABP/creatinine and VNN-1/creatinine ratios, 24 h after CIS and/or IFO administration can be utilized to predict AKI in children undergoing chemotherapy. The use of model of integrated urine biomarkers could be a promising to predict AKI in patients receiving CIS and/or IFO containing chemotherapy.
SenPred: A single-cell RNA sequencing-based machine learning pipeline to classify senescent cells for the detection of an in vivo senescent cell burden
Authors: Bishop Cleo , Hughes Bethany , Davis Andrew , Milligan Deborah , Wallis Ryan , Philpott Michael , Wainwright Linda , Gunn David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Senescence classification is an acknowledged challenge within the field, as markers are cell-type and context dependent. Currently, multiple morphological and immunofluorescence markers are required for senescent cell identification. However, emerging scRNA-seq datasets have enabled increased understanding of the heterogeneity of senescence. Here we present SenPred, a machine-learning pipeline which can identify senescence based on single-cell transcriptomics. Using scRNA-seq of both 2D and 3D deeply senescent fibroblasts, the model predicts intra-experimental and inter-experimental fibroblast senescence to a high degree of accuracy (>99% true positives). We position this as a proof-of-concept study, with the goal of building a holistic model to detect multiple senescent subtypes. Importantly, utilising scRNA-seq datasets from deeply senescent fibroblasts grown in 3D refines our ML model leading to improved detection of senescent cells in vivo. This has allowed for detection of an in vivo senescent cell burden, which could have broader implications for the treatment of age-related morbidities.
Effect of bile duct resection on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and extrahepatic bile duct tumor thrombus
Authors: Yu Xi , Liang Qi-Zhi , Wang Jun-Long , Pei Yuchen , Cai Jian-Peng , Chen Liu-Hua , Liu Qi , Lan Tian , Chen Wei , Liang Li-Jian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Surgical therapy is the most optimal treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) combined with bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT) patients. However, whether to perform bile duct resection (BDR) is still controversial. The purpose of this multicenter research is to compare the effect of BDR on the prognosis of extrahepatic BDTT patients.
Methods
We collected the data of 111 HCC patients combined with extrahepatic BDTT who underwent radical hepatectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, the Southwest Hospital of AMU, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, and Fujian Provincial People Hospital from June 1, 2004 to December 31, 2021. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to reduce the potential bias between two groups and balance the influence of confounding factors in baseline data. Then compare the prognosis between the two groups of patients. Cox regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis to further determine the independent risk factors that influence the prognosis of HCC-BDTT patients.
Results
There were 38 patients in the BDR group and 73 patients in the NBDR group. Before and after IPTW, there were no statistical significance in OS, RFS and intraoperative median blood loss between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Before IPTW, the median postoperative hospital stay in the NBDR group was shorter (P = 0.046) and the grade of postoperative complications was lower than BDR group (P = 0.014). After IPTW, there was no difference in postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (P > 0.05). The complication grade in the NBDR group was still lower than that in the BDR group (P = 0.046). The univariate analysis showed that TNM stage and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) were significantly correlated with OS (both P < 0.05). Preoperative AFP level, TNM stage and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were significantly correlated with postoperative RFS (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor TNM stage was an independent risk factor for the OS rate (P = 0.014). TNM stage, PNI and AFP were independent predictors of RFS after radical hepatectomy (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
For HCC-BDTT patients, hepatocellular carcinoma resection combined with choledochotomy to remove the tumor thrombus may benefit more.
Vaccination protects against mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Authors: Madrid Julian , Agarwal Prerana , Müller-Peltzer Katharina , Benning Leo , Selig Mischa , Diehl Philipp , Kalbhenn Johannes , Trummer Georg , Utzolino Stefan , Wengenmayer Tobias , Busch Hans-Jörg , Stolz Daiana , Rieg Siegbert , Panning Marcus , Schlett Christopher L. , Bamberg Fabian , Askani Esther 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and organ protection in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort study included hospitalized COVID-19 patients with confirmed vaccination status and chest imaging data from July 2021 to February 2022. Outcomes such as mortality, ICU admission, and organ damage were evaluated using clinical data, chest CT scans, and laboratory parameters. Our study used logistic regression and advanced statistical methods, including LASSO regression to analyze differences in hospitalized COVID-19 patients based on vaccination status, adjusting for significant demographic parameters and confounding variables, with a focus on ICU admissions and mortality.Results: The study encompassed 167 patients (69% male, mean age 58 years, 95% CI [55; 60], 42% fully vaccinated) for data analysis. After adjusting for confounding factors, vaccinated hospitalized COVID-19 patients exhibited a significantly reduced relative risk for mortality (RR: 0.46, 95% CI [0.13; 0.99]) and ICU admissions (RR: 0.59, 95% CI [0.28; 0.89]) compared to their non-vaccinated counterparts. Additionally, vaccinated COVID-19 patients demonstrated significantly fewer pulmonary lesions (Cohen’s d: -0.38, 95% CI [-0.74; -0.02]), reduced instances of COVID-19-induced coagulopathy (RR: 0.26, 95% CI [0.00; 0.88]), and lower AST (Cohen’s d: -0.40, 95% CI [-0.69; -0.12]) and ALT levels (Cohen’s d: -0.45, 95% CI [-0.73; -0.17]). The number needed to treat to prevent one ICU admission among hospitalized COVID-19 patients was found to be as low as four. The protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination seems to amplify with the severity of the disease. The vaccination's protective effect was particularly pronounced in preventing ICU admissions among middle-aged patients (around 55 years old) (RR: 0.64, 95% CI [0.32; 0.99]). Type 2 diabetes emerged as a significant risk factor for increased mortality (OR: 3.02, 95% CI [1.24; 7.34]) and ICU admission (OR: 3.09, 95% CI [1.33; 7.57]).Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination may mitigate the risk of mortality, severe disease progression, and damage to the pulmonary, liver, and coagulation systems in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, particularly among middle-aged patients around 55 years old.
New isoindolinone derivatives isolated from the fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete Hericium coralloides
Authors: Chemutai Winnie Sum , Gonkhom Didsanutda , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Stadler Marc , Ebada Sherif S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification of the ethyl acetate extracts derived from dried basidiomes of the European mushroom Hericium coralloides led to the identification of two previously undescribed isoindolinone derivatives named corallocins D and E (1–2). The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on HR-ESIMS (high-resolution electron spray ionization mass spectroscopy), interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR spectra, circular dichroism (CD) experiments, and comparisons with published and theoretical data. The metabolites were tested for their cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects in vitro where weak to moderate biological effects were observed against HeLa cells (KB 3.1), Mucor hiemalis and Bacillus subtilis.
What factors associate with medial meniscal extrusion after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: An analytical observational study
Authors: Ito Ryu , Watanabe Shotaro , Horii Manato , Sakamoto Takuya , Toguchi Kaoru , Mikami Yukio , Nakajima Hirofumi , Kimura Seiji , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Ohtori Seiji , Sasho Takahisa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Medial meniscal extrusion (MME) is a valuable clinical sign for early detection of osteoarthritis (OA). Thus, post-anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) MME is a potential predictor of postoperative OA. We aimed to examine MME variations before and after ACLR including the influence of suture medial meniscus (MM) injuries.
Methods
We analysed 92 knees from 92 patients who underwent anatomic ACLR. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted using 1-year post-operative MME as the dependent variable, and age, sex, body mass index, preoperative MME, and MM treatment as independent variables. MM treatment was categorised into three groups: no MM injury and no suture [N/N], MM injury but no suture [I/N], and MM injury and suture [I/S]. A paired t-test was performed on the three groups and all patients to compare the pre- and 1-year post-operative MME.
Results
The factors significantly affecting post-operative MME were preoperative MME (P = 0.004) and I/S (P < 0.001). Additionally, the paired t-test showed no significant differences between the pre- and post-operative MME in all groups. Pre- and post-operative MME in the N/N group were 1.89 ± 0.85 and 1.71 ± 0.49 mm (P = 0.17), respectively; in the I/N group, 1.87 ± 0.91 and 1.84 ± 0.73 mm (P = 0.91) respectively; and in the I/S group, 2.40 ± 1.14 and 2.80 ± 0.77 mm (P = 0.12), respectively.
Conclusions
Preoperative MME and I/S were significantly associated with greater MME after ACLR. The evaluation of post-ACLR outcomes using MME should consider preoperative MME and MM injuries that require suture.
Three-Dimensional Turbo-Spin-Echo Amide Proton Transfer-weighted and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging MRI assessing the Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Nan , Shao Xiali , Xu Lianyan , Zhu Wei , Wang Haiyu , Luo Rongkui , Yang Chun , Ye Xiaodan , Zeng Mengsu , Chen Caizhong , Yue Xiuzheng , Bi Zhenghong , Lu Xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background：Accurate diagnosis of TNBC is essential before initiating therapeutic intervention.Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging (IVIM) MRI an alternative to breast biopsy for sub-typing of the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) MRI provides a new method for the diagnosis of TNBC.To investigate the potential of APTw MRI in assessing TNBC and to assess whether APTw MRI can enhance the diagnostic value of IVIM in breast MRI.
Methods This prospective study involved 115 patients with suspected breast tumors who underwent both breast APTw and IVIM MRI. The APTw, diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo diffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) values along with histological subtype, grade, and prognostic factors (Ki-67, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), lymph node metastasis, and maximum lesion diameter) were compared. APT values were further analyzed in relation to biological subtypes, Ki-67 labeling index, and nuclear grades (NGs).
Results A total of 67 participants (mean age, 64 years, ranges 29-71) were included in the evaluation. The TNBC (3.52 ± 0.38%) exhibited significantly higher APT values compared to the luminal A-type cancers (2.16 ± 1.12%) (P = 0.04). The luminal B cancers showed significantly lower f and Dmax values than the TN-type cancers (P=0.007,0.010). The HER2 cancers showed significantly lower APT values than TN-type ones (P=0.010).The APT value were notably higher in high-Ki-67 (2.80±1.39%) than in low-Ki-67 cancers (2.20±1.88%) (P = 0.045). There are significant difference in APT value was observed between NG1, NG2 and NG3 cancers (P=0.049). And APT value was also significant difference in stages T1 cancers (P=0.027). The combined diagnostic efficiency between TNBC from Luminal A was 0.955.
Conclusion The combination of APTw and IVIM MRI holds promise for distinguishing TNBC by discerning molecular subtypes of breast cancers.
A high accuracy Stewart–lift platform based on a programmable logic controller – comparative case studies
Authors: Pawuś Dawid , Witek Michał , Klar Łukasz , Bochenek Krzysztof 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive examination of an advanced highaccuracy Stewart-Lift platform, coupled with an in-depth comparative analysis of its dynamic control mechanisms. The control system under scrutiny is driven by a programmable logic controller (PLC), showcasing its adaptability to industrial automation and robotics systems. The dynamic characteristics of the system are elucidated through a dynamic model formulated using the Lagrange method. The investigation delves into the properties of the system, emphasizing its real-world applicability, and substantiates its theoretical underpinnings through practical verification. Rigorous testing procedures were employed, and the obtained results were meticulously scrutinized using established quality indicators. The outcomes of these verification tests unequivocally affirm the system’s efficacy for diverse applications within the realm of industrial automation and robotics. This research contributes valuable insights into the utilization of advanced Stewart-Lift platforms, highlighting their potential as robust components in cutting-edge control systems.
An explainable machine learning based probabilistic framework for the design of scaffolds in bone tissue engineering
Authors: Drakoulas George , Gortsas Theodore , Polyzos Efstratios , Tsinopoulos Stephanos , Pyl Lincy , Polyzos Demosthenes 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recently, 3D-printed biodegradable scaffolds have shown great potential for bone repair in critical-size fractures. The differentiation of the cells on a scaffold is impacted among other factors by the surface deformation of the scaffold due to mechanical loading and the wall shear stresses imposed by the interstitial fluid flow. These factors are in turn significantly affected by the material properties, the geometry of the scaffold, as well as the loading and flow conditions. In this work, a numerical framework is proposed to study the influence of these factors on the expected osteochondral cell differentiation. The considered scaffold is rectangular with a 0/90 lay-down pattern and a four-layered strut made of polylactic acid with a 5\% steel particle content. The distribution of the different types of cells on the scaffold surface is estimated through a scalar stimulus, calculated by using a mechanobioregulatory model. To reduce the simulation time for the computation of the cell stimulus, a probabilistic, machine learning (ML) based reduced order model (ROM) is proposed. Then, a sensitivity analysis is performed using the Shapley additive explanations, to examine the contribution of the various parameters to the framework cell stimulus predictions. In a final step, a multiobjective optimization procedure is implemented using genetic algorithms and the ROMs, aiming to identify the material parameters and loading conditions that maximize the percentage of surface area populated by bone cells while minimizing the area occupied by necrotic cells. The results of the performed analysis highlight the potential of using ROMs for the scaffold design, by dramatically reducing the simulation time while enabling the efficient implementation of sensitivity analysis and optimization procedures.