bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Durable responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor-based regimens for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma stratified by IMDC risk groups: A pooled analysis of four randomized phase 3 trials
Authors: Jang Albert , Zhong Jeffrey Y. , Kumar Hamsa L.S. , Zarrabi Kevin K. , Zhu Alec , Grier Abby L. , Calaway Adam , Shoag Jonathan E. , Bukavina Laura , Jia Angela Y. , Mendiratta Prateek , Sheng Iris Y. , Rao Santosh , Brown Jason R. , Garcia Jorge A. , Margevicius Seunghee , Fu Pingfu , Barata Pedro C. 
Published: February 2025

Background An immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) backbone is a standard of care for frontline metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma, involving either ICI doublet or tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with ICI. These phase 3 trials used a sunitinib control arm. The optimal regimen is uncertain. Objective To compare long-term responders of these trials using extended follow-up data stratified by International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk group. Methods Phase 3 trial data (CheckMate 214, KEYNOTE-426, CheckMate 9ER, and CLEAR) with a minimum follow-up of four years was used. Pseudo individual patient data (IPD) was obtained from Kaplan-Meier curves using the graph digitizer software IPDfromKM R package to extract coordinates of points on the curves and to apply a numerical algorithm to reconstruct progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) results. Durable response (DR) was defined as PFS ≥ 24 months, extreme durable response (EDR) as PFS ≥ 36 months, and long-term OS as OS ≥ 48 months. Results For the favorable risk group, lenvatinib-pembrolizumab had the highest DR and EDR, while ipilimumab-nivolumab had the lowest DR, and cabozantinib-nivolumab had the lowest EDR; there was no difference in long-term OS among the regimens ( p = 0.11). For the intermediate/poor risk group, lenvatinib-pembrolizumab also had the highest DR and EDR compared to other regimens with similar DR and EDR; there was also no difference in long-term OS among the regimens ( p = 0.22). Conclusion TKI-ICI was overall associated with higher DR and EDR regardless of risk status compared to ICI doublet. Yet, OS at 48 months were similar when stratified by favorable versus intermediate/poor risk.
Experiences With a Novel Micro-Choice-Based Concentrated Group Intervention for People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Bendixen Bente Elisabeth , Wilhelmsen-Langeland Ane , Lomborg Kirsten , Måkestad Eirin , Skogheim Trine L. , Schønberg Anne , Iversen Marjolein M. , Kvale Gerd , Søfteland Eirik , Haugstvedt Anne 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore experiences with an interdisciplinary micro-choice-based concentrated group intervention for people with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A qualitative study with individual semistructured interviews were conducted with 14 adults (8 women, ages 45-74 years) with type 2 diabetes. Purposive sampling was used, and participants from 3 different intervention groups in the micro-choice-based concentrated group intervention were recruited. Thematic analysis was used for the data analysis. Results: Three main themes were identified: (1) group intervention tailored to individual needs through friendly and skilled professionals, (2) valuable social interactions and an experience of fellowship, and (3) commitment to change through goal setting and conscious micro-choices. The participants described a readiness for change that was met by important knowledge from skilled professionals in the concentrated intervention. They reported that new knowledge, particularly about micro-choices and the focus on how insulin works in the body, led to change in their awareness and self-management. The concentrated group intervention was a preferred setting that contained a sense of community without compromising on meeting individual needs. Participants described internalized changes after the intervention and a willingness to adhere to changes necessary for their self-management. Conclusion: Study findings showed that a micro-choice-based concentrated group intervention for people with type 2 diabetes can be a valuable approach contributing to improved patient activation and diabetes self-management. The findings underpin the importance of increased diabetes knowledge and support from an interprofessional team to bring about significant changes in everyday life.
Does the “state of disaster” response have a downside? Hospital incident command group leaders’ experiences of a terrorist-induced major incident: a qualitative study
Authors: Murphy Jason P. , Hörberg Anna , RN Monica Rådestad , Kurland Lisa , Jirwe Maria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim
This study explores HICGs’ experience of disaster response during a terrorist-induced major incident major incident.

Design
A qualitative descriptive design with individual semi-structured interviews was used.

Methods
This was a qualitative study based on seven individual interviews. Participants were members of hospital incident command groups during a terror attack. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using deductive content analysis. The SRQR checklist was used to report the findings.

Results
The data created from the interviews identified barriers and facilitators for hospital response as well as aligned with previously established categories: Expectations, prior experience, and uncertainty affect hospital incident command group response during a Major Incident and three categories, (I) Gaining situational awareness (containing two subcategories), (II) Transitioning to management (containing three subcategories) and (III) Experiences of hospital incident command group response (containing two subcategories). In addition, the results suggest that an exaggerated response may have led to unanticipated adverse events.

Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
Strengthening identification and characterization of causes of perinatal deaths in Kaski district of Nepal (Perinatal MITS Nepal)
Authors: Subedi Nuwadatta , Ranabhat Sunita , Regmi Sanjib Mani , Mallik Mukesh , Singh Dela , Shrestha Shree Krishna , Gurung Bandana , Bhattarai Arjun , Baral Madan Prasad , Parajuli Sudhir Raman , Bastola Ramchandra , Shrestha Junu , Basnet Sahisnuta , Gauchan Eva , Paudel Sabita 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Three million babies die in the early neonatal period while 2.6 million are stillborn per year worldwide, and one of three deaths can be prevented. The perinatal mortality rate in Nepal is around 31 per 1000 births. Although the perinatal and neonatal death rates have decreased recently, it still poses a major challenge to the health system of Nepal. The objective of the study is to determine the causes of perinatal deaths by integrating Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling (MITS) in hospital perinatal deaths and incorporating verbal autopsy in community deaths in Kaski district of Nepal.

Methods
The study will be conducted among the perinatal deaths reported in the five hospitals implementing the Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) system in Kaski district of Nepal. We will also conduct verbal autopsy (VA) among community perinatal deaths reported in the district. All the perinatal deaths reported in the study sites will be enrolled in the first stage of the study. Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling (MITS) will be conducted among the consenting cases of perinatal deaths to retrieve relevant tissue samples and specimens. The specimens will undergo standard histopathological, microbiological, biochemical, and molecular tests. The “Cause of Death Panel” will finalize MITS informed cause of death following the customized protocol for the project and the cause so derived will be compared with that obtained by the review of deaths by the MPDSR committees of the hospitals. The Female Community Health Volunteers will be trained and mobilized to identify community perinatal deaths and trained personnel will conduct VA. Community engagement activities will be conducted to provide awareness to prevent perinatal deaths.

Discussion
The mechanism of counting and accounting for deaths in a systematic manner is important and it can provide evidence to determine changes in clinical practice and to develop guidelines and training packages for preventive measures. The outcome will be helpful to standardize methods to establish the accurate causes of perinatal deaths and develop strategies to minimize the deaths. The selected pathological investigations can be integrated into the existing death surveillance system in order to effectively determine the causes of death.
Subclinical systolic dysfunction in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome identified by speckle tracking echocardiography
Authors: Mahgoob Mohamed Hashem , Setouhi Amr Mostafa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a clinical phenotype of nephrotic syndrome (NS) that does not respond to steroid therapy and usually results in kidney failure. The aim of this study was to determine whether children with SRNS have subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction and, if so, to identify the risk factors for myocardial involvement in those children.

Methods
This prospective case-control study included of 35 children with SRNS, 40 children in the healthy control group, and 40 children with NS during the initial episode as the diseased control group. Conventional echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) were performed on all the studied children.

Results
No statistically significant difference in conventional echocardiography’s parameters were detected between the patient and control groups. TDI revealed that the E/E′ ratio was significantly greater in the SRNS group than in both the healthy and diseased control groups (P = 0.001). The left ventricle global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) was markedly lower in children with SRNS than in healthy controls and NS patients (the diseased controls) (P = 0.001). Multiple binary regression analysis for the predictors of systolic dysfunction in SRNS patients revealed that the serum albumin is the only variable that predicts systolic dysfunction in these children.

Conclusions
Subclinical systolic and diastolic LV dysfunction should be screened in NS especially SRNS children.
Food choice motivations and perceptions of healthy eating: a cross-sectional study among consumers in the UAE
Authors: Cheikh Ismail Leila , Osaili Tareq M. , Obaid Reyad Shaker , Hashim Mona , Ahmed Marya , Al-Fayadh Fatma , Farah Aisha , Sad Hanin , Alghanem Humood , Mohamad Maysm N. , Saleh Sheima T. , Al Daour Rameez , Masuadi Emad , Stojanovska Lily , Ali Habiba I. , Al Dhaheri Ayesha S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Investigating consumer food choice motivations is crucial for planning effective policies and targeted interventions. This study aimed to examine the food choice motivations and perceptions of healthy eating among adults in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and to segment consumers based on their motivations.

Methods
A web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in the UAE (n = 1209). An overall perception of healthy eating score was calculated based on the sum of the responses to the perception statements. Food motivation scores were calculated with a higher score indicating more influence of the food motivation group. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and K-means cluster analysis were used to identify and determine the optimal number of clusters. Differences between clusters were evaluated using an Independent sample t-test, One-Way ANOVA test, and Chi-square analysis.

Results
Participants mostly agreed that a healthy diet should be balanced, varied, and complete (84.4%), that fruit and vegetables are essential to a practice of healthy eating (82.8%), and that they can eat everything as long as it is in small quantities (60.1%). Females, younger adults, those with higher education levels, and those with normal BMI tended to have a slightly more positive perception of a healthy diet than their counterparts (p < 0.05). Health motivation (mean = 3.43, SD ± 0.78) exhibited the highest influence on the participants’ food choices, followed by emotional motivations (mean = 3.26, SD ± 0.68). Health-related motivations mainly influenced food choices among participants in both identified clusters but were notably more emphasised in Cluster 1. Cluster 1 demonstrated significantly higher mean scores in all other categories than Cluster 2 (p < 0.001). Cluster 1 encompasses more female participants than males, while Cluster 2 comprises a more significant proportion of males and individuals falling within higher income brackets (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The results of the current study offer valuable insights into various crucial aspects that impact the decisions of individuals' food choices. Based on distinct motivational structures identified through cluster analysis, personalised approaches can encourage healthier dietary practices. A holistic approach acknowledging emotional, economic, environmental, alongside health-related factors is vital.
Adolescent girls’ explanations of high rates of low mood and anxiety in their population: a co-produced qualitative study
Authors: Demkowicz Ola , Jefferson Rebecca , Nanda Pratyasha , Foulkes Lucy , Lam Jo , Pryjmachuk Steven , Evans Rhiannon , Dubicka Bernadka , Neill Liz , Winter Laura Anne , Nnamani Georgina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
From early adolescence, girls face greater risk of experiencing low mood and anxiety relative to boys, with recent evidence that this may be worsening. There is a paucity of mental health research that meaningfully progresses understanding of these gender disparities, including that engages adolescent girls’ own perspectives, limiting our ability to direct further research and enhance intervention approaches.

Aims
We examined low mood and anxiety from the perspective of adolescent girls, asking: What do adolescent girls perceive to be causing their population’s high rates of low mood and anxiety?

Methods
We adopted a co-produced qualitative design, guided by ecological systems theory, conducting focus groups in 2022 with 32 adolescent girls aged 16 to 18 years in England. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Analysis
Participants framed low mood and anxiety among adolescent girls as “normal”, and discussed potential explanations including persistent reiteration and expectation of gendered norms, intense educational pressures in ways that can be gendered, difficulties within peer relationships, and comparison and insecurity in social media contexts. Throughout, participants highlighted how complex these issues are, including nuances around individual differences, sociodemographic contexts, and societal contexts.

Conclusions
The study offers a critically important contribution to evidence on gendered inequalities in low mood and anxiety, drawing attention to the interwoven and complex nature of girls’ lives and illuminating various aspects that would benefit from greater research. The insights gained through exploration with girls themselves hold policy and practical relevance to enhance systems to meet girls’ needs.
Heterochrony in orthodenticle expression is associated with ommatidial size variation between Drosophila species
Authors: Torres-Oliva Montserrat , Buchberger Elisa , Buffry Alexandra D. , Kittelmann Maike , Guerrero Genoveva , Sumner-Rooney Lauren , Gaspar Pedro , Bullinger Georg C. , Jimenez Javier Figueras , Casares Fernando , Arif Saad , Posnien Nico , Nunes Maria D. S. , McGregor Alistair P. , Almudi Isabel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The compound eyes of insects exhibit extensive variation in ommatidia number and size, which affects how they see and underlies adaptations in their vision to different environments and lifestyles. However, very little is known about the genetic and developmental bases of differences in eye size. We previously showed that the larger eyes of Drosophila mauritiana compared to D. simulans are generally caused by differences in ommatidia size rather than number. Furthermore, we identified an X-linked chromosomal region in D. mauritiana that results in larger eyes when introgressed into D. simulans.

Results
Here, we used a combination of fine-scale mapping and gene expression analysis to further investigate positional candidate genes on the X chromosome. We found earlier expression of orthodenticle (otd) during ommatidial maturation in D. mauritiana than in D. simulans, and we show that this gene is required for the correct organisation and size of ommatidia in D. melanogaster. We discovered that the activity of an otd eye enhancer is consistent with the difference in the expression of this gene between species, with the D. mauritiana enhancer sequence driving earlier expression than that of D. simulans. When otd expression is driven prematurely during D. melanogaster eye development, the ommatidia grow larger, supporting a possible role for the timing of otd expression in regulating ommatidial size. We also identified potential direct targets of Otd that are differentially expressed between D. mauritiana and D. simulans during ommatidial maturation.

Conclusions
Taken together, our results suggest that differential timing of otd expression may contribute to natural variation in ommatidia size between D. mauritiana and D. simulans, which provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying the regulation and evolution of compound eye size in insects.
Transitioning from wet lab to artificial intelligence: a systematic review of AI predictors in CRISPR
Authors: Abbasi Ahtisham Fazeel , Asim Muhammad Nabeel , Dengel Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The revolutionary CRISPR-Cas9 system leverages a programmable guide RNA (gRNA) and Cas9 proteins to precisely cleave problematic regions within DNA sequences. This groundbreaking technology holds immense potential for the development of targeted therapies for a wide range of diseases, including cancers, genetic disorders, and hereditary diseases. CRISPR-Cas9 based genome editing is a multi-step process such as designing a precise gRNA, selecting the appropriate Cas protein, and thoroughly evaluating both on-target and off-target activity of the Cas9-gRNA complex. To ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of CRISPR-Cas9 system, after the targeted DNA cleavage, the process requires careful analysis of the resultant outcomes such as indels and deletions. Following the success of artificial intelligence (AI) in various fields, researchers are now leveraging AI algorithms to catalyze and optimize the multi-step process of CRISPR-Cas9 system. To achieve this goal AI-driven applications are being integrated into each step, but existing AI predictors have limited performance and many steps still rely on expensive and time-consuming wet-lab experiments. The primary reason behind low performance of AI predictors is the gap between CRISPR and AI fields. Effective integration of AI into multi-step CRISPR-Cas9 system demands comprehensive knowledge of both domains. This paper bridges the knowledge gap between AI and CRISPR-Cas9 research. It offers a unique platform for AI researchers to grasp deep understanding of the biological foundations behind each step in the CRISPR-Cas9 multi-step process. Furthermore, it provides details of 80 available CRISPR-Cas9 system-related datasets that can be utilized to develop AI-driven applications. Within the landscape of AI predictors in CRISPR-Cas9 multi-step process, it provides insights of representation learning methods, machine and deep learning methods trends, and performance values of existing 50 predictive pipelines. In the context of representation learning methods and classifiers/regressors, a thorough analysis of existing predictive pipelines is utilized for recommendations to develop more robust and precise predictive pipelines.
Acid sphingomyelinase modulates anxiety-like behavior likely through toll-like receptor signaling pathway
Authors: Yuan Huiqi , Xu Yanan , Jiang Hailun , Jiang Meizhu , Zhang Luofei , Wei Shifeng , Li Cao , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that abnormal activity of acid sphingomyelinase (Asm) has been associated with a range of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and depression. However, the role of Asm in the regulation of anxiety remains unclear. In the present study, we employed Asm-knockout (Asm KO) mice to investigate the association between Asm and anxiety using behavioral tests, RNA sequencing, q-PCR, immunohistochemical staining, and other methods. The behavioral results showed that Asm KO mice exhibit enhanced anxiety-like behaviors, such as restricted activity, reduced cumulative times in the central area, diminished exploratory interest, delayed latency to feed, through behavioral tests including open field, novelty-suppressed feeding test, elevated plus maze test, ect. Transcriptional profiling combined with bioinformatics analysis revealed the upregulation of Toll-like receptor signaling pathway related gene including Tlr1/2, Ccl3, Ccl4, Ccl5 and Cd86 in Asm KO mice, which was further confirmed by the detection of activated microglia and astrocytes through iba-1 and GFAP immunohistochemical staining. Collectively, our findings uncover a role for Asm in regulating anxiety-like behavior and suggest that it may be essential for the maintenance of emotional stability, indicating its potential as a promising target for treating anxiety disorders.
Learn from international recommendations and experiences of countries that have successfully implemented monoclonal antibody prophylaxis for prevention of RSV infection
Authors: Manti Sara , Baraldi Eugenio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-mediated bronchiolitis causes a significant global health burden. Despite this, for several years, the only approved agent for RSV prophylaxis was the anti-RSV monoclonal antibody Palivizumab, reserved for a small population of infants at high risk of developing severe RSV disease. Recently, the availability and approval of nirsevimab to immunize all infants against RSV infection since their first RSV season represented a crucial paradigm shift in RSV prevention. Nirsevimab has been shown to be safe and effective (> 80%) against RSV lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in all infants and children at their first season of RSV. Surveillance studies have demonstrated 90% effectiveness in reducing all-cause hospitalizations, all-cause LRTI hospitalizations, RSV-related LRTI hospitalizations, and severe RSV-related LRTIs. Moreover, the consistency and reproducibility of the beneficial outcomes coming from the prophylaxis with nirsevimab highlights its potential to deliver substantial health benefits, positioning monoclonal antibody administration as a cornerstone in the fight against RSV-related morbidity and mortality. Implementing immunization strategies for infants and children is crucial to align the international experiences and guarantee universal protection. This review provided an updated overview of the monoclonal antibody strategy for preventing RSV infection.