bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between plasma CTRPs with cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Huang Xiao , Zhao Jialing , Wang Qinghua , Yan Tingqi , Gou Shu , Zhu Xiaofeng , Yang Liu , Ye Fang , Zhang Jie , Wang Yanjiang , Yang Shaojie , Le Weidong , Xiang Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsRecent evidence indicated the biological basis of complement 1q (C1q)/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐related protein (CTRP) 3, 4, and 14 for affecting brain structure and cognitive function. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between plasma CTRPs with Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsA multicenter, cross‐sectional study recruited patients with AD (n = 137) and cognitively normal (CN) controls (n = 140). After the data collection of demographic characteristics, lifestyle risk factors, and medical history, plasma levels of tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (pT217), pT181, neurofilament light (NfL), CTRP3, 4, and 14 were examined and compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to determine associations of plasma CTPRs with the presence of AD. The correlation analysis was used to explore correlations between plasma CTPRs with scores of Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, and Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes (CDR‐SB), and levels of plasma pT217, pT181, and NfL. Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Delong's test were used to determine the diagnostic power of plasma CTPRs.ResultsPlasma levels of CTRP3, 4, and 14 were higher in AD group than those in CN group. After adjusting for conventional risk factors, CTRP3, CTRP4, and CTRP14 were associated with the presence of AD. In AD patients, CTRP3 was negatively correlated with scores of MMSE and MoCA, while positively correlated with ADL score, CDR‐SB score, pT217, and pT181; CTRP4 was positively correlated with CDR‐SB score, pT181, and NfL; CTRP14 was negatively correlated with MMSE score, while positively correlated with CDR‐SB score, pT217, and NfL. An independent addition of CTRP3 and 4 to the basic model combining age, sex, years of education, APOE4 status, BMI, TG, and HDL‐C led to a significant improvement in diagnostic power for AD, respectively.ConclusionsAll the findings preliminarily uncovered associations between plasma CTRPs and AD and suggested the potential of CTRPs as a blood‐derived biomarker for AD.
Gut microbiota regulates hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury‐induced cognitive dysfunction via the HDAC2‐ACSS2 axis in mice
Authors: Liu Yanbo , Li Zhen , Sun Tianning , Li Zhixiao , Manyande Anne , Xiang Hongbing , He Zhigang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsHepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (HIRI) resulting from hepatic inflow occlusion, which is a common procedure in liver surgery is inevitable. Previous research has confirmed that the cognitive dysfunction induced by HIRI is closely related to dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. This research aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying this complication.MethodsC57BL/6 mice underwent hepatic ischemia experimentally through the occlusion of the left hepatic artery and portal vein. To assess the HDAC2‐ACSS2 axis, gut microbiota transplantation. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and LC/MS short‐chain fatty acid detection were utilized.ResultsThe findings indicated a notable decline in ACSS2 expression in the hippocampus of mice experiencing hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury, emphasizing the compromised acetate metabolism in this particular area. Furthermore, the cognitive impairment phenotype and the dysregulation of the HDAC2‐ACSS2 axis could also be transmitted to germ‐free mice via fecal microbial transplantation. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay revealed reduced Acetyl‐coenzyme A (acetyl‐CoA) and Acetylated lysine levels in the hippocampus.ConclusionThese findings suggest that acetate metabolism is impaired in the hippocampus of HIRI‐induced cognitive impairment mice and related to dysbiosis, leading to compromised histone acetylation.
Allergic contact dermatitis due to 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate in ostomy patients
Authors: Siemund Ingrid , Dahlin Jakob , Mowitz Martin , Hamnerius Nils , Svedman Cecilia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMany people live with ostomies after life‐saving surgery. Ostomy patients often suffer from peristomal dermatitis. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) has been reported, mostly due to contact allergy (CA) to topical agents.ObjectivesWe present three patients with therapy resistant peristomal dermatitis, suggesting ACD caused by different stoma products.MethodsPatch testing was performed with baseline series, additional series, and selected allergens. They were also tested with their own ostomy products as is and separate extracts of the products. Extracts were analysed using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS).ResultsIn all three patients we diagnosed CA to 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), +++ in case (C) 1 and 3, ++ in C 2. HDDA was detected in C 2's ostomy pouch adhesive and in C 1's and 3's flange extenders used to improve the adhesion of the ostomy pouches.ConclusionTherapy resistant peristomal dermatitis should always be suspected of ACD and patch testing, especially with the patient's own products, should be performed.
Negative self‐reference as a component of subthreshold psychotic symptoms in clinical high‐risk youth
Authors: Sloan Michelle , Sturner Rebecca , Addington Jean , Cornblatt Barbara , Granholm Eric , Cadenhead Kristin S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimSchizophrenia is a leading cause of disability worldwide; early detection and intervention are critical. Early in their illness, individuals at clinical high‐risk (CHR) for psychosis have subthreshold psychotic symptoms that are often derogatory and self‐directed. We hypothesized that CHR participants with negative self‐reference (NSR) as a component of subthreshold psychosis would also have higher levels of social anxiety and depression, lower self‐esteem and lower social/role/global functioning as compared with CHR participants without NSR.MethodsOne hundred and sixty‐eight participants from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) funded Regroup Cognitive Behavioural Social Skills Training (CBSST) study were included. Clinical vignettes that included the Scale of Psychosis‐Risk Symptoms were coded categorically to indicate whether NSR was present. t‐tests were used to determine the association between NSR, symptom, and functional measures.ResultsParticipants with NSR demonstrated significantly more social interaction anxiety (p < .001), negative beliefs about the self (p ≤ .001), defeatist beliefs (p < .05), depressive symptoms (p < .05) and positive symptoms (p < .005). There were no significant differences in social self‐efficacy, positive or negative beliefs about others, positive beliefs about the self or psychosocial functioning between the two groups.ConclusionsClinically significant differences were found between CHR participants with and without NSR, suggesting that this may be a useful factor to identify and address. Follow‐up studies are needed to determine whether NSR responds to CBSST and whether or not its resolution would be associated with improvement in other symptom domains.
Medical history complexity of patients attending dental student restorative treatment clinics compared with dental emergency clinics
Authors: Atkin Philip Alan , Tejura Sonali , Simms Melanie Lousie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionDental students should graduate from undergraduate programmes with the knowledge and skills to safely manage patients. This requires exposure to patients with a range of medical needs, which may impact the planning and delivery of care.Aims and ObjectivesWe wished to establish the medical history complexity of patients presenting to student restorative clinics and compare them to patients attending a dental emergency clinic.Materials and MethodsWe recorded the medical history data of 200 anonymised patients attending student restorative clinics and compared them to previously collected data from 200 dental emergency clinic patients. We collected basic demographic data (age/gender) and noted the number of medical disorders, amount of comorbidity and the number and types of medications for each patient.ResultsThe age and medical complexity of patients were different, with fewer young patients seen in the dental restorative clinics. Patients attending restorative clinics were more likely to have multiple comorbidities and took greater numbers and types of medications than those seen in dental emergency clinics.ConclusionsFor patients seen in student restorative clinics, medical histories are taken once at the beginning of care and the subsequent treatment plan is delivered over many appointments accounting for that medical history. Emergency clinic patients attend for single treatment episodes and their medical complexity is immediately relevant to the treatment offered. Students have multiple, single encounters with patients in emergency clinics. In both clinics, dental treatment plans need to be adjusted to account for patients' drugs and diseases, providing opportunities to consolidate human disease learning.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in myelofibrosis patients treated with ruxolitinib may predict prognosis and rate of discontinuation
Authors: Laganà Alessandro , Passucci Mauro , Pepe Sara , Scalzulli Emilia , Carmosino Ida , Costa Alessandro , Bisegna Maria Laura , Ielo Claudia , Martelli Maurizio , Breccia Massimo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMyelofibrosis (MF) is a clonal Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (Ph‐MPN). MF is featured by an inflammatory condition that can also drive the progression of disease. Ruxolitinib (ruxo) is the‐first‐in‐class Jak1/2 inhibitor approved for treatment of MF, proved to reduce spleen volume and decrease symptom burden. In various malignancies neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been indicated as predictor of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). NLR might reflect the balance between systemic inflammation and immunity and is emerging as a prognostic biomarker in several neoplasms, including the hematological ones.MethodsWe analyzed a cohort of 140 MF patients treated with ruxo to validate baseline NLR (as a continuous variable and as a cut‐off 2) as predictor of OS and of ruxo treatment discontinuation.ResultsWe found that both baseline NLR as a continuous variable [HR 0.8 (95% CI: 0.7–0.9) (p = .006)] and NLR (<2 vs. ≥2) [HR 3.4 (95% CI: 1.6–7.0) (p = .001)] were significantly associated with OS. Censoring for patients undergone allotransplant, baseline NLR <2 was predictive of an earlier ruxo any‐other‐cause discontinuation [HR 3.7 (95%CI 1.7–8.3) (p < .001)].ConclusionsNLR before starting ruxo treatment may be used as a simple and early predictor of OS and earlier ruxo discontinuation in clinical practice.
Associations between facial expressions and observational pain in residents with dementia and chronic pain
Authors: Pu Lihui , Coppieters Michel W. , Smalbrugge Martin , Jones Cindy , Byrnes Joshua , Todorovic Michael , Moyle Wendy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo identify specific facial expressions associated with pain behaviors using the PainChek application in residents with dementia.DesignThis is a secondary analysis from a study exploring the feasibility of PainChek to evaluate the effectiveness of a social robot (PARO) intervention on pain for residents with dementia from June to November 2021.MethodsParticipants experienced PARO individually five days per week for 15 min (once or twice) per day for three consecutive weeks. The PainChek app assessed each resident's pain levels before and after each session. The association between nine facial expressions and the adjusted PainChek scores was analyzed using a linear mixed model.ResultsA total of 1820 assessments were completed with 46 residents. Six facial expressions were significantly associated with a higher adjusted PainChek score. Horizontal mouth stretch showed the strongest association with the score, followed by brow lowering parting lips, wrinkling of the nose, raising of the upper lip and closing eyes. However, the presence of cheek raising, tightening of eyelids and pulling at the corner lip were not significantly associated with the score. Limitations of using the PainChek app were identified.ConclusionSix specific facial expressions were associated with observational pain scores in residents with dementia. Results indicate that automated real‐time facial analysis is a promising approach to assessing pain in people with dementia. However, it requires further validation by human observers before it can be used for decision‐making in clinical practice.ImpactPain is common in people with dementia, while assessing pain is challenging in this group. This study generated new evidence of facial expressions of pain in residents with dementia. Results will inform the development of valid artificial intelligence‐based algorithms that will support healthcare professionals in identifying pain in people with dementia in clinical situations.Reporting MethodThe study adheres to the CONSORT reporting guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionOne resident with dementia and two family members of people with dementia were consulted and involved in the study design, where they provided advice on the protocol, information sheets and consent forms, and offered valuable insights to ensure research quality and relevance.Trial RegistrationAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number (ACTRN12621000837820).
Assessing women's and health professionals' views on developing a midwifery‐led mobile health app intervention in pregnancy: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Dai Yaming , Min Hui , Sun Liping , Wang Xiaojiao , Zhu Chunxiang , Gu Chunyi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsTo explore women's and health professionals' views on the development of a midwifery‐led mHealth app intervention in antenatal care and their demands for app functionality.DesignDescriptive qualitative research was utilized.MethodsIn total, 15 pregnant or postpartum women were interviewed via in‐depth interviews and 10 health professionals including obstetricians, midwives and obstetric nurses were invited to participate in a focus group discussion (FGD). All interviews and the FGD were analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsFour key themes emerged from the data, including (1) limitations of current maternity care services; (2) potential benefits for mHealth app‐based midwifery care; (3) possible challenges for providing midwifery care through mHealth apps and (4) suggestions and needs for developing a midwifery‐led mHealth app. Participants agreed on the potential need of developing a midwifery‐led mHealth app in antenatal care to increase access to midwifery care services and to meet women's diverse needs. Participants preferred to develop professional, reliable, full‐featured and interactive mobile applications. The main functions of midwifery‐led mHealth apps included personalized assessment and health education, self‐monitoring and feedback, data sharing and interactive functions. Women mentioned that online communication and consultation with midwives could help them receive continuous support outside facilities. Health professionals expressed it would be of great convenience and timeliness to send personalized messages to women and to inform them of healthy lifestyles during pregnancy. The challenges included a shortage of human resources, medico‐legal risks associated with mHealth and data security risks.ConclusionsThis study explores the individual views and functional needs of target users and healthcare providers for developing a midwifery‐led mHealth app in antenatal care, which will serve as a reference for future application development.ImpactOur study has important and practical implications for guiding the development of future midwifery‐led mHealth app interventions.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
A systematic review of research on staff training as an intervention to develop communication in children and adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities
Authors: Ware Jean , Buell Susan , Chadwick Darren D. , Bradshaw Jill , Goldbart Juliet 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis paper aims to identify to what extent staff training interventions are successful in enhancing the development of communication skills in people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken, conforming to PRISMA guidelines. English language, peer reviewed, empirical studies of staff training interventions to enhance the communication of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities were included. Databases Scopus, Web of Science, Proquest, Linguistics and Language Behaviour Abstracts (LLBA) and Medline were searched in July 2015 and updated in December 2022. Quality appraisal was conducted on 13 studies using Crowe's Critical Appraisal Tool (CCAT).ResultsFew good quality evaluations of interventions were found. Challenges to research rigour included the diversity of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities, small sample sizes, intervention intensity and the management of fidelity.ConclusionsManualised and bespoke interventions showed promise in improving staff communication and responsiveness.
Clinicians' experiences of learning to use eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy with people with intellectual disabilities: A qualitative study
Authors: McKillop Eleanor , Spencer Alison , Marrington Cathryn 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundEye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR) is a NICE recommended treatment for post‐traumatic stress disorder within the general population. Ongoing research is now investigating the use of EMDR for individuals with intellectual disability. Alongside quantitative research efforts, it is beneficial to explore the qualitative experience of clinicians adopting EMDR in their practice. The current study interviewed newly trained EMDR therapists working in intellectual disability services.MethodParticipants (six Clinical Psychologists from an NHS learning disability service) had recently undertaken EMDR training as part of a wider randomised control trial (Trauma‐AID). Interviews were qualitatively analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes emerged; learning EMDR, conducting EMDR and external factors, with respect to clinicians' experiences.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to provide guidance and reassurance for clinicians currently using or hoping to use this therapy with people with intellectual disabilities.
The Family Game to support parents with intellectual disability in managing challenging behaviours: A replication
Authors: Tremblay Joany , Douard Elise , Lanovaz Marc J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough many parents with intellectual disability (ID) demonstrate good parenting practices, some parents experience difficulties in managing challenging behaviours. One potential solution to this issue involves using The Family Game, a program designed to teach parents with ID how to manage challenging behaviours in their child.AimsThe purpose of our study was to conduct an independent replication of an investigation that had been performed by the developer of the program.Materials & MethodsWe used a multiple baseline design to examine the effects of The Family Game on the behaviour of two parents with ID who had a 3‐year‐old child.ResultsSimilarly to the original study, our results indicate that The Family Game improved the use of effective parenting strategies during role play, but that these gains failed to generalise to real‐life settings.ConclusionThe study further supports the necessity of adding novel strategies to the game to better promote generalisation.
Nocturnal blood pressure dipping, blood pressure variability, and cognitive function in early and middle‐aged adults
Authors: Massengale Katerina , Barnes Vernon A. , Williams Celestin , Mansuri Asifhusen , Norland Kimberly , Altvater Michelle , Bailey Hallie , Harris Ryan A. , Su Shaoyong , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigher nighttime blood pressure (BP), less BP dipping, and higher BP variability have been linked with worse cognitive function in the elderly. The goal of this study is to explore whether this relationship already exists in early and middle adulthood. We further examined whether ethnic differences between African Americans and European Americans in BP parameters can explain ethnic differences in cognitive function. 24‐h ambulatory BP monitoring and cognitive function were obtained from 390 participants (average age: 37.2 years with a range of 25–50; 54.9% African Americans; 63.6% females). We observed that higher nighttime BP, decreased dipping, and higher variability were significantly associated with lower scores on the Picture Sequence Memory Test. Significant negative associations between variability and overall composite scores were also observed. No significant associations between average 24‐h or daytime BP and cognitive function were observed. Ethnic differences in nighttime diastolic pressures and dipping can explain 6.81% to 10.8% of the ethnicity difference in the score of the Picture Sequence Memory Test (ps < .05). This study suggests that the associations of nighttime BP, dipping, and variability with cognitive function already exist in young and middle‐aged adults. Ethnic differences in nighttime BP and dipping can at least partially explain ethnic differences in cognitive function. The stronger association of these parameters with cognitive function than daytime or average BP in this age range raises the importance of using ambulatory BP monitoring for more precise detection of abnormal BP patterns in young adulthood.
Methyltransferase‐like 3 mediated RNA m6A modifications in the reproductive system: Potentials for diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Su Xiaojuan , Lu Ruifeng , Qu Yi , Mu Dezhi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSeveral studies have highlighted the functional indispensability of methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) in the reproductive system. However, a review that comprehensively interprets these studies and elucidates their relationships is lacking. Therefore, the present work aimed to review studies that have investigated the functions of METTL3 in the reproductive system (including spermatogenesis, follicle development, gametogenesis, reproductive cancer, asthenozoospermia and assisted reproduction failure). This review suggests that METTL3 functions not only essential for normal development, but also detrimental in the occurrence of disorders. In addition, promising applications of METTL3 as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for reproductive disorders have been proposed. Collectively, this review provides comprehensive interpretations, novel insights, potential applications and future perspectives on the role of METTL3 in regulating the reproductive system, which may be a valuable reference for researchers and clinicians.