bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case of congenital cardiac malformation: 3D imaging of the abnormal origin of the right coronary artery
Authors: Dikici Rumeysa , Avnioglu Seda , Oncel Ramazan Can 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective: Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) are one of the anomalies that are usually detected incidentally during coronary angiography. The abnormal origin of the right coroner artery (RCA) from the left coronary sinus of valsalva accounts for 0.02% to 0.2% of all abnormal coronary artery origins. In the presentation of this rare case, we aimed to examine the tomography images of the patient whose right coronary artery was determined to originate from the left coronary sinus of valsalva and to provide a better understanding by 3D modeling.
Case: A 39-year-old female patient was admitted to the cardiology clinic with complaints of chest pain that had been going on for 6 months and getting tired easily when exercising, going up and down stairs, and walking. Clinical examination and coronary computer tomography (CT) scans were performed, and it was determined that RCA originated from the left coronary sinus of valsalva. The right coronary artery follows an interatrial course between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, and it is thought that there is 70-90% stenosis in the right coronary artery. In addition, subcapsular lesions of 30x20 mm and 15x15 mm in size were observed in the sliced liver, showing contrast enhancement in the arterial phase. It was recommended that the patient be evaluated together with dynamic liver CT and MRI information.
Conclusion: Our patient is a rare case with abnormal origin of the RCA from the left sinus of Valsalva and possibly permanent asymptomatic tachycardia. Creating a 2D CT image of the case used in the clinic in 3D will help clinicians understand both the course of the RCA and how the RCA becomes compressed between the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
Effects of confounding and effect-modifying lifestyle, environmental and medical factors on risk of radiation-associated cardiovascular disease
Authors: Little Mark P , Boerma Marjan , Bernier Marie-Odile , Azizova Tamara V , Zablotska Lydia B , Einstein Andrew J , Hamada Nobuyuki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. It has been known for some considerable time that radiation is associated with excess risk of CVD. A recent systematic review of radiation and CVD highlighted substantial inter-study heterogeneity in effect, possibly a result of confounding or modifications of radiation effect by non-radiation factors, in particular by the major lifestyle/environmental/medical risk factors.
Methods: We assessed effects of confounding by lifestyle/environmental/medical risk factors on radiation-associated CVD and investigated evidence for modifying effects of these variables on CVD radiation dose-response, using data assembled for a recent systematic review.
Results: There are 42 epidemiologic studies which are informative on effects of adjustment for confounding or risk modifying factors on radiation-associated CVD. Of these 22 were studies of groups exposed to substantial doses of radiation for therapy or diagnosis. The remaining 20 studies were of groups exposed at much lower levels of dose and/or dose rate. Only four studies suggest substantial effects of adjustment for lifestyle/environmental/medical risk factors on radiation risk of CVD; however, there were also substantial uncertainties in the estimates in all of these studies. There are fewer suggestions of effects that modify the radiation dose response; only two studies, both at lower levels of dose, report the most serious level of modifying effect.
Conclusions: There are still large uncertainties about confounding factors or lifestyle/environmental/medical variables that may influence radiation-associated CVD, although indications are that there are not many studies in which there are substantial confounding effects of these risk factors.
Diagnosis (by p-RIFLE and KDIGO) and risk factors of acute kidney injury in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Likhitha Siddarajaiah , Rameshkumar Ramachandran , Delhikumar Chinnaiah Govindhareddy , Selvan Tamil 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To study the extent of agreement in diagnosis (by p-RIFLE and KDIGO serum creatinine criteria) and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Method
A retrospective cohort study involving children aged ≤ 15 with DKA was conducted between January 2014 and December 2022. Inborn errors of metabolism, septic shock, and urinary tract disease were excluded. The primary outcome was the extent of agreement in diagnosis by p-RIFLE and KDIGO. The secondary outcomes were staging agreement, risk factors, complications, time to resolution of DKA, and hospital stay, including PICU.
Results
161 patients' data were enrolled. Mean (SD) age was 8.6 (3.7) years. Good agreement between p-RIFLE and KDIGO criteria for diagnosis of AKI was noted at admission (Kappa = 0.71, p = < 0.001; sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 62%), at 24 hours (Kappa = 0.73, p = < 0.001; sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 72.2%) and at discharge (Kappa = 0.70, p = < 0.001; sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 77%) and also noted for the staging of AKI at admission (Kappa = 0.81, p = < 0.001), at 24 hours (Kappa = 0.73, p = < 0.001) and at discharge (Kappa = 0.70, p = < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, age (≤ 10-year: aOR = 3.28, 95%CI 1.51–7.10) and the severity of DKA (moderate: aOR = 4.18, 95%CI 1.18–14.79; severe: aOR = 4.93, 95%CI 1.29–18.80) were independent risk factors for AKI at 24-hour by KDIGO. Cerebral edema (n = 6, 3.7%), hypoglycemia (n = 66, 41%), and hypokalemia (n = 59, 36.6%) were noted. There was no difference in the resolution of DKA and hospital stay in AKI vs. no-AKI groups.
Conclusion
p-RIFLE and KDIGO serum criteria showed good agreement in diagnosing and staging AKI in pediatric DKA.
Examining the Role of Visual Attention in Determining Presence: A Novel Application of Feature Integration Theory to Immersive Virtual Reality
Authors: Dilanchian Andrew T. , Boot Walter R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Immersive virtual reality (IVR) has the potential to be an effective and easily disseminable method for deploying a variety of interventions to promote health, wellbeing, and physical and everyday functioning. The psychological construct of presence, often described as the “sense of being there,” is considered a core aspect of the technology, and consequently a major facilitator of successful IVR experiences and interventions. While prior research has explored how individual difference factors and technology characteristics impact presence, relatively less is known about the effect of the cognitive demands of the virtual experience itself. Based on previous empirical studies and theories, attention may play an important role in establishing IVR presence. To directly test this idea, we manipulated attention to the virtual environment, with manipulations inspired by classic conceptualizations of visual attention and search derived from feature integration theory. Participants engaged in IVR foraging tasks in which they navigated the environment to “catch” different animals. These tasks varied in the degree to which attention was necessary to detect and locate the target animal. Despite initial pilot data and concurrent behavioral evidence that the two scenarios varied substantially and significantly in attentional demands, no effect of presence was observed. Results suggest that different levels of visual attention to elements of the virtual environment may not be an important determinant of IVR presence.
Influence of natural aging on wood combustion heat release
Authors: Zhao Jingyu , Jiang Xinrong , Song Jiajia , Lu Shiping , Xiao Yueyan , Shu Chi-Min 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Wood was a primary building tool for ancient buildings and structures, but for those that survive to this day, naturally aged wood may pose a significant fire hazard. There are potential risks to health, safety and significant cultural loss if fire risks in such buildings are not mitigated. This study obtains several samples of aged wood commonly used in ancient structures (Elm, Pine, Aspen), and compares the kinetic and thermal characteristics to fresh wood examples to determine potential methods of enhancing safety. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to probe the heat release characteristics of the fresh and aged samples, and the characteristics of the thermal reaction stages were characterized using the temperature range and heat release laws for each reaction stage. The heat release characteristics during combustion were investigated for different heating rates, and the influence of aging on temperature change and heat release rate characteristics during different exothermic stages were assessed. Finally, using heat flow data, the apparent activation energy (AAE) of the samples (and their distributions) during different exothermic stages were calculated and analyzed via the Friedman differential iso-conversion method. Results showed that the exothermic energy of the aged samples was higher than those of the fresh samples, indicating that aging does impact the thermal reaction process. The aged samples in this study had a greater heat diffusion capacity, transmitted more heat, were more susceptible to burning (by spreading that heat), and generally posed a greater fire hazard. During the rapid exothermic phase, the AAE of aged wood increased as the reaction progressed, and exhibited lower AAE with a greater sensitivity to fire than fresh samples. This study provides a rudimentary theoretical basis for the prevention of fires in timber-framed ancient buildings.
Direct evidence of CO2 drawdown through enhanced weathering in soils
Authors: Linke Tobias , Oelkers Eric H. , Möckel Susanne C. , Gislason Sigurdur R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The ability of engineered enhanced rock weathering to impact atmospheric CO2 has been challenging to demonstrate due to the many processes occurring in soils and the short time span of current projects. Here we report the carbon balance in an Icelandic Histic/Gleyic Andosol that has received large quantities of basaltic dust over 3,300 years, providing opportunity to quantify the rates and long-term consequences of enhanced rock weathering. The added basaltic dust has dissolved continuously since its deposition. The alkalinity of the soil waters is more than 10-times higher than in equivalent basalt-dust-free soils. After accounting for oxidation and degassing when the soil waters are exposed to the atmosphere, the annual CO2 drawdown due to alkalinity generation is 0.17 tC ha-1 yr-1. This study validates the ability of fine grained mafic mineral addition to soils to attenuate increasing atmospheric CO2 by alkalinity export. Induced changes in soil organic carbon storage, however, likely dominate the net CO2 drawdown of enhanced weathering efforts.
Occupational Therapy Practice for Post-Acute COVID-19 Inpatients Requiring Rehabilitation
Authors: Scott Hayley , Neale Sharon , Harrington Elizabeth , Hodgson Hayley , Hitch Danielle 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 caused significant occupational disruption to people’s life roles, with some people requiring an inpatient rehabilitation admission. Occupational therapists assessed and treated these patients using previous knowledge of similar conditions due to limited available guidelines to inform practice. The aim of this study was to investigate current practice with Post-Acute COVID-19 (PAC) patients within an inpatient rehabilitation setting in Australia, to better understand the role and impact of occupational therapy.
Methods: A mixed methods study was conducted including electronic medical record audits (October 2021– October 2022), and descriptive patient interviews at a large metropolitan sub-acute service. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to summarise and interpret data.
Results: A total of 24 patient electronic medical records were audited and 14 patient interviews were completed. Three overarching themes were identified within the 685 occasions of occupational therapy service audited - occupational engagement, education provision and discharge planning. Patients identified the value of occupational therapy by reflecting on their lived experiences of engaging with occupational therapists and associated changes in occupational performance between COVID-19 diagnoses and discharge home.
Conclusion: Occupational therapy possess a unique skillset which directly addresses the occupational needs and priorities of PAC patients. This study adds to the growing body of evidence supporting the contribution of occupational therapy to the management of COVID-19, however further research is needed to develop evidence-based practice resources and advocate for system changes that improve quality of life for COVID-19 patients.
Dynamic learning of individual-level suicidal ideation trajectories to enhance mental health care
Authors: Varidel Mathew , Hickie Ian , Prodan Ante , Skinner Adam , Marchant Roman , Cripps Sally , Oliveira Rafael , Chong Min , Scott Elizabeth , Scott Jan , Iorfino Frank 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

There has recently been an increase in ongoing patient-report routine outcome monitoring for individuals within clinical care, which has corresponded to increased longitudinal information about an individual. However, many models that are aimed at clinical practice often have difficulty fully incorporating this information. This is in part due to the difficulty in dealing with the irregularly time-spaced observations that are common in clinical data. Consequently, we built individual-level continuous-time trajectory models of suicidal ideation for a clinical population (N=585) with data provided by a digital platform. We demonstrate how such models predict an individual’s level and variability of future suicide ideation, with implications as to how often that individual may need to be observed. These individual-level predictions provide a more personalised understanding than other predictive methods and have implications for enhanced measurement-based care.
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Yield and Yield Related Traits of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes
Authors: Zewdu Demeke , Mekonnen Fikru , Geleta Negash , Abebe Kibret 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a self-pollinating annual plant extensively grown as staple food source in the world. Information on the extent of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance among different traits of bread wheat genotypes is essential to designing breeding strategies. The research was conducted at Kulumsa in 2021/22 with the objective to assess the extent of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance among different traits of bread wheat genotypes. A total of 64 bread wheat genotypes were evaluated for 16 traits in 8*8 simple lattice design. ANOVA revealed a highly significant (P<0.01) difference among the tested bread wheat genotypes for all studied traits. High PCV and GCV were observed from grain yield, yield per head, head weight, biomass yieldand moderate thousand kernel weight, peduncle length, number of effective tillers per plant and number of kernel per spike. High broad sense heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean were obtained from grain yield, biomass yield, yield per head, peduncle length and thousand kernel weight whereas, head weight, harvest index and number of kernel per spike had moderately high heritability and high genetic advance as percent of mean. Therefore, the attention should be given for those traits for wheat breeding program, because the phenotypic expression of these characters governed by additive gene action. Hence, direct selection for these traits will be improved grain yield.
Micro-circulating hyperdynamic blood flow as a key pathogenic factor in early sepsis
Authors: Feng Xinghuai , Liu Wei , Sun Yunbo , Zeng Y. , Yu Bu-Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective: The pathogenesis of sepsis is still unknown. Sepsis 3.0 points out that "how to define sepsis and septic shock itself is still a challenge". This study confirmed the inevitability and universality of Hyperdynamic microcirculation in sepsis, and put forward the detoxification mechanism of Hyperdynamic blood flow and the "Feng- Bernoulli warm shock" mechanism, that is, the pathogenic mechanism of sepsis.
Methods: Sepsis models of pigs, rabbits and sheep were established by intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and perforation (CLP), and the changes of sublingual microcirculation velocity in the same branch before and after modeling were detected. SD rat model of mild sepsis was established to verify that the acceleration of blood flow is the manifestation of immune detoxification mechanism.
Results: The blood flow in the same branch was accelerated after the animal sepsis model was established, which was more than doubled on average. The microcirculation blood flow accelerated before the change of cardiac output CO. Rats entered a toxic state after the rapid blood flow occurred, but they could heal themselves.
Conclusion: The acceleration of microcirculation blood flow in sepsis is inevitable and universal, which is the cause of high output and low resistance of sepsis, and has the functions of accelerating detoxification and immunity. However, due to Bernoulli effect, it will cause oxygen exchange disorder, which is named "Feng- Bernoulli warm shock", which is the primary pathogenic mechanism of early sepsis.
Seeing the Sky Within a Calyx: 'Knowledge Is Power' Magazine as a Communicative Platform for the Popularization of Soviet Science
Authors: Корзун В.П. , Носова М.С. 
Published: October 2023

Речь идет о журнале «Знание-сила» как коммуникативной площадке по популяризации советской науки в период с 1945 по середину 1980-х гг. Популяризаторская политика журнала рассмотрена в контексте поиска новых моделей развития науки и динамики общественно-политического климата в стране. Фронтальный просмотр журнала, в результате которого выявлено более тысячи публикаций, позволяет сделать вывод о том, что презентация технических сфер знания и успехов в области точных и естественных наук считается редколлегией журнала приоритетным для выстраивания популяризаторской политики, что вполне коррелирует с господствовавшей индустриализационной парадигмой, но это не было зеркальным отражением общих процессов, связанных исключительно с научно-техническим прогрессом.
We are talking about the magazine "Knowledge-Power" as a communicative platform for the popularization of Soviet science in the period from 1945 to the mid-1980s. The popularization policy of the journal is considered in the context of the search for new models for the development of science and the dynamics of the socio-political climate in the country. A frontal review of the journal, which revealed more than a thousand publications, allows us to conclude that the presentation of technical fields of knowledge and successes in the field of exact and natural sciences is considered by the editorial board of the journal to be a priority for building popularization policy, which is quite correlated with the prevailing industrialization paradigm, but it was not a mirror reflection of the general processes related to scientific-technical progress.
Entropy-driven phase behavior of associative polymer networks
Authors: Rovigatti Lorenzo , Sciortino Francesco 
Published: October 2023

Polymer chains decorated with a fraction of monomers capable of forming reversible bonds form transient polymer networks that are important in soft and biological systems. If chains are flexible and the attractive monomers are all of the same species, the network formation occurs continuously as density increases. By contrast, it has been recently shown [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 047801 (2022)] that, if the attractive monomers are of two different and alternating types, the entropic gain of swapping intra-molecular bonds for inter-molecular connections induces a first order phase transition in the fully-bonded (i.e. low-temperature or, equivalently, large monomer-monomer attraction strength) limit and the network forms abruptly on increasing density. Here we use simulations to show that this phenomenon is robust with respect to thermal fluctuations, disorder and change in the polymer architecture, demonstrating its generality and likely relevance for the wide class of materials that can be modelled as associative (transient) polymer networks.
Synthesis and Anti-bacterial Activity of New Substituted 2-trifluoromethyl-4-quinolinylhydrazone Analogs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains
Authors: da Silva Emerson Teixeira , de Andrade Gabriel Fernandes , Lourenço Maria Cristina Silva , De Souza Marcus Vinicius Nora 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease that still affects humanity,
despite being old, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The emergence
of drug-resistant strains has alarmed governments and international organizations,
such as the World Health Organization (WHO). The need for research on new drugs that
are effective in a shorter treatment time and active against resistant strains still persists.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to synthesize and evaluate forty-four substituted
2-trifluoromethyl-4-quinolinylhydrazone analogs, as probable inhibitors of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis growth.

Methods:
The anti-mycobacterial activities of all tested compounds against Mycobacterium
tuberculosis strains, as well as the cytotoxicity test, were evaluated using the in vitro
microplate procedure with broth microdilution assay.

Results:
Thirteen compounds exhibited some activity against sensitive strain ATCC
27294, six of which were the most active: 4a, 4c, 6a, 6b, 6c, and 6g; with MIC around 7 -
8 μM, close to that presented by ethambutol (15.9 μM), a drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
These same compounds also were active against a resistant strain of Mtb
(T113), with MIC around 7 – 8 μM. Three of these compounds 4a, 6a, and 6c were not
cytotoxic against Vero cells at concentrations near the MIC.

Conclusion:
This study indicates the importance of the hydrazone function to obtain
promising anti-TB compounds and open new perspectives for drug development.
Cellulose Acetate-Based Wound Dressings Loaded with Bioactive Agents:
Potential Scaffolds for Wound Dressing and Skin Regeneration
Authors: Ndlovu Sindi P. , Alven Sibusiso , Hlalisa Kula , Aderibigbe Blessing A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Wound healing and skin regeneration are major challenges in chronic wounds. Among the
types of wound dressing products currently available in the market, each wound dressing material is
designed for a specific wound type. Some of these products suffer from various shortcomings, such
as poor antibacterial efficacy and mechanical performance, inability to provide a moist environment,
poor permeability to oxygen and capability to induce cell migration and proliferation during the
wound healing process. Hydrogels and nanofibers are widely reported wound dressings that have
demonstrated promising capability to overcome these shortcomings. Cellulose acetate is a semisynthetic
polymer that has attracted great attention in the fabrication of hydrogels and nanofibers.
Loading bioactive agents such as antibiotics, essential oils, metallic nanoparticles, plant extracts, and
honey into cellulose acetate-based nanofibers and hydrogels enhanced their biological effects, including
antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound healing. This review reports cellulose acetate-based
hydrogels and nanofibers loaded with bioactive agents for wound dressing and skin regeneration.