bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of myocardial protection during beating heart surgery with right sub-axiliary approach
Authors: MA Jie , LI Xin-hua , YAN Zi-xing , LIU Ai-jun , ZHANG Wen-kai , YANG Li-na 
Published: January 2024

Background
Cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) is one of the three regulatory subunits of the cardiac troponin which has the high sensibility and specificity of responding to myocardial injury. Studies have demonstrated that cTnI is released into the blood stream within hours following acute myocardial reperfusion injury. The clinical utility of cTnI for the assessment of myocardial damage is that it is more specific than creatine kinase MB (CKMB). This study investigated cTnI as a sensitive marker of myocardial reperfusion injury and its clinical value on beating heart surgery with right sub-axiliary incision.

Methods
From December 2002 through December 2004, 100 patients with atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect (ASD+VSD), and tetralogy of Fallot were randomly divided into two groups: the treatment group (n=50) was operated on with a beating heart under extracorporeal circulation (ECC), and the control group (n=50) on an conventional arresting heart under ECC. The two groups both used a right sub-axillary incision. Blood samples from a central venous catheter (CVC) were collected before, at the end of aortic clamping, immediately after discontinue cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), 3, 6, 24, and 48 hours after operation. The Abbott Axsym system with hol-automation fluorescent immunity analyzer was used for the quantitative determination of cTnI. cTnI was detected to investigate the effect of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury and the clinical value of beating heart surgery with right sub-axillary incision.

Results
There were no significant differences between the two groups before operation. At the end of aortic clamping and thereafter, cTnI significantly increased in both groups, and reached the peak point at 6 hours after operation. At all the tested points, cTnI was significantly higher in the control group than the beating heart group (P <0.05), especially at 6 hours post operation (P <0.01). The operating time and ECC duration were shortened and the dosage of dopamine was decreased, when compared with the control group.

Conclusions
There was less cTnI measured in the beating heart group than in the control group after CPB, demonstrating that beating heart surgery may significantly reduce myocardial reperfusion injury.
Chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1/CXCL12 increases homing of mesenchymal stem cells to injured myocardium and neovascularization following myocardial infarction
Authors: ZHUANG Yu , CHEN Xin , XU Ming , ZHANG Lei-yang , XIANG Fei 
Published: January 2024

Background
Heart failure due to ischemic heart disease is still a major health problem. Myocardium regeneration emerges as a novel therapeutic method for treating myocardial infarction (MI). However, it is affected by many factors. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1)/CXCL12 on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) homing to injured myocardium in a rat myocardial infarction model.

Methods
A rat myocardial infarction model was established by permanent left anterior descending branch ligation. Mesenchymal stem cells from donor rats were cultured in IMDM and labeled with bromodeoxyuridine. The rats were divided into two groups. SDF-1 expression was measured by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in the sham operated or infarcted hearts at 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days post operation in the SDF-1 detection group. The rats in the intervention groups were injected with SDF-1, anti-SDF-1 antibody or saline 4 days after myocardial infarction. Then, a total of 5×106 cells in 2.5 ml of phosphate-buffered saline were injected through the tail vein. The number of the labeled MSCs in the infarcted hearts was counted on the 3rd day post injection. Cardiac function and blood vessel density were assessed on the 28th day post injection.

Results
Self-generating SDF-1 expression was increased at the first day post MI, peaked at the 7th day and decreased thereafter while it remained unchanged in sham operated hearts. The MSCs enrichment in the host hearts were more abundant in the MI groups than in the non-MI group (P=0.000); the MSCs enrichment in the host hearts were more abundant in the SDF-1 injected group than in the anti-SDF-1 antibody and saline injected groups (P = 0.000). Cardiac function was improved more in the SDF-1 injected group than in the anti-SDF-1 antibody and saline injected groups (P = 0.000). Neovascularization in the SDF-1 injected group increased significantly compared to the other groups (P = 0.000).

Conclusion
Myocardial SDF-1 expression was increased only in the early phase post MI. SDF-1 may enhance MSCs homing to the injured heart and improve cardiac function by promoting neovascularization.
Drug-resistant gene based genotyping for Acinetobacter baumannii in tracing epidemiological events and for clinical treatment within nosocomial settings
Authors: JIN Hui , XU Xiao-min , MI Zu-huang , MOU Yi , LIU Pei 
Published: January 2024

Background

Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as an important pathogen related to serious infections and nosocomial outbreaks around the world. However, of the frequently used methods, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) in Acinetobacter baumannii genotyping lack the direct molecular proof of drug resistance. This study was conducted to establish a typing method based on drug resistant gene identification in contrast to traditional PFGE and AFLP in the period of nosocomial epidemic or outbreak.

Methods
From January 2005 to October 2005, twenty-seven strains of Acinetobacter species from Intensive Care Units, the Second Affiliated Hospital in Ningbo were isolated, including both epidemic and sporadic events. Susceptibility test, PFGE, AFLP and drug resistance gene typing (DRGT) were carried out to confirm the drug resistance and analyze the genotyping, respectively. PFGE was used as a reference to evaluate the typeability of DRGT and AFLP.

Results
Twenty-seven strains of Acinetobacter displayed multiple antibiotic resistance and drug resistant genes, and β-lactamase genes were detected in 85.2% strains. The result of DRGT was comparable to PFGE in Acinetobacter strains with different drug resistance though a little difference existed, and even suggested a molecular evolution course of different drug-resistant strains. AFLP showed great polymorphism between strains and had weak ability in distinguishing the drug resistance.

Conclusion
Compared to AFLP and PFGE, DRGT is useful to analyze localized molecular epidemiology of nosocomial infections and outbreaks, which would benefit clinical diagnosis and therapy.
Inhibition of the cystathionine-γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in rat vascular smooth muscle cells by cobalt-60 gamma radiation
Authors: ZHONG Guang-zhen , YANG Xin-chun , JIA Li-ping , CHEN Feng-rong , CUI Ming 
Published: January 2024

Background
Radiation is a promising treatment for in stent restenosis and restenosis following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, which has troubled interventional cardiologists for a long time. It inhibits neointima hyperplasia, vascular remodeling, and increases the mean luminal diameter. The mechanism of intracoronary brachytherapy for restenosis is not well understood. Endogenous gaseous transmitters including nitric oxide and carbon monoxide are closely related to restenosis. Hydrogen sulfide, a new endogenous gaseous transmitter, is able to inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular remodeling. This study aimed to clarify the effect of radiation on cystathionine-γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway in rat smooth muscle cells.

Methods
We studied the effect of radiation on the cystathionine-γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway. Rat vascular smooth muscle cells were radiated with 60Co γ at doses of 14 Gy and 25 Gy respectively. Then the mRNA level of cystathionine-γ-lyase was studied by quantitative reverse-transcription competitive polymerase chain reaction. Hydrogen sulfide concentration in culture medium was determined by methylene blue spectrophotometry. Cystathionine-γ-lyase activity in vascular smooth muscle cells was also studied.

Results

60Co γ radiation at a dose of 1 Gy did not affect the cystathionine-γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway significantly. However, 60Co γ radiation at doses of 14 Gy and 25 Gy decreased the hydrogen sulfide synthesis by 21.9% (P <0.05) and 26.8% (P<0.01) respectively. At the same time, they decreased the cystathionine-γ-lyase activity by 15.1% (P<0.05) and 20.5% (P <0.01) respectively, and cystathionine-γ-lyase mRNA expression by 29.3% (P <0.01) and 38.2% (P <0.01) respectively.

Conclusion
Appropriate 60Co γ radiation inhibits the H2S synthesis by inhibiting the gene expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase and the cystathionine-γ-lyase activity.
Optimal in vitro culture conditions for murine predominant immature CD8a+ dendritic cells
Authors: NA Ning , XU Lin , CAO Kai-yuan , LUO Yun , YUAN Guang-qing , XIANG Peng , HONG Liang-qing , LI Shu-nong 
Published: January 2024

Background
The prospects of using immature CD8a+ dendritic cells (DC2) to establish transplant immunologic tolerance and treatments for autoimmune diseases in the future are promising. However, the methods for inducing DC2 are still being explored. The present study was aimed to investigate the optimal in vitro conditions for preparing large numbers of predominant DC2 from murine bone marrow cells.

Methods
Three groups of bone marrow cells cultured under different conditions were examined, namely a cytokine-induced experimental group (cytokine group), a control group with a low concentration of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF, low GM-CSF group) and a control group without endogenous cytokines. The cytokine group was cultured with 5 ng/ml GM-CSF, 25 ng/ml Flt3 ligand (Flt3L), 20 ng/ml interleukin 4 (IL-4) and 100 ng/ml stem cell factor (SCF). The low GM-CSF control group was cultured with 0.4 ng/ml GM-CSF, 25 ng/ml Flt3L and 100 ng/ml SCF, without IL-4. The control group without exogenous cytokines was cultured without additional cytokines. All cells were cultured at 37°C under 5% CO2. On days 3, 7 and 16, 4-color flow cytometry was carried out to analyze the cell phenotypes, and the total cell numbers were counted to analyze the cell yields. Phase-contrast microscopy was used to observe the cell morphologies.

Results
The cytokine group exhibited higher proportions of typical immature CD8a+ DC, especially on day 3, but the total cell number and DC2 proportion decreased during prolonged culture. The low GM-CSF control group showed the same tendencies as the cytokine group on days 16 and 22, but produced higher total cell numbers (P <0.05) with lower DC2 proportions and cell numbers. The control group without exogenous cytokines spontaneously generated a certain proportion of DC2, but with low total cell and DC2 numbers that decreased rapidly, especially during prolonged culture (days 7 and 16, P<0.05).

Conclusions
Culture in the presence of 5 ng/ml GM-CSF, 25 ng/ml Flt3L, 20 ng/ml IL-4 and 100 ng/ml SCF can rapidly induce large quantities of predominant immature CD8a+ DC from murine bone marrow cells. Therefore, these represent optimal culture conditions for preparing murine immature DC2 in vitro.
Passive cigarette smoking induces inflammatory injury in human arterial walls
Authors: ZOU Ni , HONG Jiang , DAI Qiu-yan 
Published: January 2024

Background
Epidemiological studies have shown that both active and passive cigarette smoking increase the risk of atherosclerosis. But very little is known about the biological processes induced by passive cigarette smoking that contribute to atherosclerosis. We observe the expression of a few of biological and inflammatory markers in human arterial walls in vitro which were treated with the second-hand smoke solution (sidestream whole, SSW), and discuss the possible mechanism of inflammatory injury induced by second-hand smoke.

Methods
The biological markers (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, PECAM-1; α-smooth muscle actin, α-SMA; collagen IV, Col IV) and inflammatory markers (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, VCAM-1; monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1; interleukin-8, IL-8) of human aortal wall were tested by immunofluorescence staining. The levels of MCP-1 and IL-8 mRNA expression were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Results
No distinct difference was observed between SSW and the control group on the expression of biological markers as assessed by the light microscope. But the inflammatory markers VCAM-1, MCP-1 and IL-8 on the subendothelial layer and smooth muscle cell layers, which are near the endothelium of arterial wall, were strongly stained in the SSW group compared with the control group. Their fluorescence intensities in the 1:40 SSW group (VCAM-1: 0.35±0.04, MCP-1: 0.34±0.05, IL-8: 0.37±0.05) and the 1:20 SSW group (VCAM-1: 0.40±0.04, MCP-1: 0.52±0.09, IL-8: 0.51±0.07) were significantly stronger than the control group (VCAM-1: 0.12±0.04, MCP-1: 0.06±0.02, IL-8: 0.24±0.03) by semi-quantitative analysis of immunofluorescence (P <0.001 vs control). MCP-1 mRNA expression in the 1:40 SSW (0.15±0.04) and the 1:20 SSW (0.19±0.06) group was significantly higher than in the control group (0.09±0.03) (P <0.05, P <0.01 vs control); IL-8 mRNA expression in the 1:40 SSW (0.64±0.12) and 1:20 SSW (0.72±0.13) groups was also significantly higher than that in the control group (0.49±0.13) (P <0.05, P<0.01 vs control) by RT-PCR.

Conclusions
It is implied that a second-hand smoke solution induces the inflammatory reaction of the arterial wall by release of inflammatory factors even though there is no distinct structural change on the arterial walls under light microscope, indicating that passive cigarette smoking is related to inflammatory injury in human arterial wall and could be closely related to the early inflammatory stage of atherosclerosis.
Effects of estrogen and tibolone on bladder histology and estrogen receptors in rats
Authors: YANG Xin , LI Ya-zhen , MAO Zhuo , GU Pei , SHANG Ming 
Published: January 2024

Background
Estrogen deficiency causes atrophic changes within the urogenital tract, and is associated with urinary symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of estrogen and tibolone on bladder histology, and the changes of estrogen receptor α and β (ERα and β) protein expression in the detrusor muscle.

Methods
Forty female rats were separated into four groups of ten each. They received a sham operation (Sham), ovariectomy (Ovx), ovariectomy plus estrogen replacement (Ovx+E), or ovariectomy plus tibolone treatment (Ovx+T). After 12 weeks each rat was anesthetized and the bladders were removed. The bladders’ ultra structure, collagen fiber (CF) to smooth muscle(SM) ratio and ER subtypes were studied. Statistical analyses were performed using the one-way analysis of variance test.

Results
Ovx resulted in significant degeneration in bladder ultra structure; however, estrogen and tibolone reversed those changes. Ovx increased the CF/SM ratio, estrogen and tibolone resulted in an increase. Two estrogen receptors (ERs) were expressed in the bladder detrusor, with ERβ the main subtype. Ovx resulted in up-regulation of ERα and down-regulation of ERβ. With estrogen and tibolone treatment, ERβ showed a significant increase but ERα showed no significant difference compared with Ovx.

Conclusions
Estrogen deficiency deteriorates bladder ultra structure and histology. Supplementary estrogen can improve bladder function which may be due to inhibition of collagen hyperplasia and increased SM density. ERβ has an important role in mediating estrogen function in the bladder. Tibolone has a mild estrogenic action and has an effect on bladder function and structure to some degree.

Chin Med J 2009;122(4):381–385
Influential and prognostic factors of small for gestational age infants
Authors: ZHANG Yong-li , LIU Jun-tao , GAO Jin-song , YANG Jian-qiu , BIAN Xu-ming 
Published: January 2024

Background
Small for gestational age (SGA) infants are associated with a high rate of oligohydramnios, stillbirth and cesarean delivery. Among SGA patients there is a higher risk of neonatal complications, such as polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and hypothermia. Additionally, the SGA infant is prone to suffer from major neurologic sequelae, as well as cardiovascular system disease, in later life. Proper monitoring and therapy during pregnancy are, therefore, of utmost importance. The present study aimed to investigate the influential and prognostic factors of SGA infants.

Methods
From January 2001 to June 2007, a total of 55 SGA neonatal infants were included in a study group. All were born at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, with regular formal antenatal examinations. In addition, a total of 122 cases of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants were born at the same time and were registered into a control group. All cases were singleton pregnancies with detailed information of the maternal age, gravidity, parity, maternal height and weight, complications, uterine height and abdominal circumference, results from transabdominal ultrasonography between 32–38 gestational weeks, pregnancy duration, delivery manner, placenta, umbilical cord, and neonatal complications.

Results
Significant differences were observed in placenta weight and neonatal malformations between the study and control groups. Multivariate analysis revealed increased parity, maternal hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism history as risk factors. Fetal abdominal circumferences less than 30 and 32 cm at 32–38 gestational weeks respectively, as determined by ultrasonography, resulted in a Youden index of 0.62.

Conclusions
SGA infants were associated with a greater risk of smaller placentas and infant malformations. Increased parity, maternal hyperthyroidism, and a hyperthyroid history were risk factors for SGA infants. Fetal abdominal circumference less than 30 cm at 32 gestational weeks and less than 32 cm at 38 weeks, as determined by ultrasonography, was considered an effective index for SGA.

Chin Med J 2009;122(4):386–389
Predictive factors and unfavourable prognostic factors of interstitial lung disease in patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis: a retrospective study
Authors: JI Su-yun , ZENG Fan-qin , GUO Qing , TAN Guo-zhen , TANG Hong-feng , LUO Yi-jin , TANG Zeng-qi , HAN Yan-fang 
Published: January 2024

Background
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a serious lung complication in polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) which affects prognosis and requires a more aggressive approach in therapy. This study investigated the prevalence, characteristics, predictive factors and unfavourable prognostic factors of ILD in newly diagnosed PM, DM and amyopathic DM (ADM).

Methods
From January 2000 to December 2008, the medical records of 197 consecutive PM and DM patients at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were reviewed excluding overlapping, juvenile, and malignancy-associated cases. The patients were assigned to an ILD (69 patients) and a non-ILD group (128 patients). The clinical features, laboratory findings, and prognosis were compared.

Results
The multivariate analysis indicated that older age at onset (OR 1.033, 95%C/ 1.009-1.058, P=0.007), fever (OR 4.109, 95%C/ 1.926-8.767, P <0.001) and arthritis/arthralgia (OR 2.274, 95%C/ 1.101-4.695, P=0.026) were the independent predictive factors for developing ILD in PM/DM after excluding anti-Jo-1. Regarding anti-Jo-1, fever (OR 4.912, 95%C/ 2.121-11.376, P <0.001) was associated with ILD. Poor survival in ILD patients was associated with ILD clinical subset (RR 0.122, 95%C/0.049-0.399, P <0.001), ADM/DM/PM-ILD (RR 0.140, 95%C/ 0.031-0.476, P=0.002), cardiac involvement (RR 4.654, 95%C/ 1.391-15.577, P=0.013) and serum albumin level (RR 0.910, 95%C/ 0.831-0.997,

P

=0.042).

Conclusions
Patients who presented with fever tended to have a higher frequency of PM/DM-associated ILD. A Hamman-Rich-like presentation, ADM-ILD, cardiac involvement and hypoalbuminemia were poor prognostic factors in ILD-PM/DM.
Screening disease-associated proteins from sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative proteomic study
Authors: LI Tian-wang , ZHENG Ben-rong , HUANG Zhi-xiang , LIN Qu , ZHAO Li-ke , LIAO Ze-tao , ZHAO Ji-jun , LIN Zhi-ming , GU Jie-ruo 
Published: January 2024

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation at the synovial membrane. Although great progress has been made recently in exploring the etiology and pathogenesis of RA, its molecular pathological mechanism remains to be further defined and it is still a great challenge in determining the diagnosis and in choosing the appropriate therapy in early patients. This study was performed to screen candidate RA-associated serum proteins by comparative proteomics to provide research clues to early diagnosis and treatment of RA.

Methods
Sera isolated from 6 RA patients and 6 healthy volunteers were pooled respectively and high-abundance proteins were depleted by Plasma 7 Multiple Affinity Removal System. The protein expression profiles between the two groups were then compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and the proteins over/under-expressed by more than 3-fold were identified by mass spectrometry analysis. To validate the differential expression levels of the identified proteins between the two groups, ELISA was performed in two of the identified proteins in individual sera from 32 RA patients and 32 volunteers.

Results
Eight proteins which over/under-expressed in sera of RA patients were identified. Among them, chain A of transthyretin (TTR) was under-expressed, while serum amyloid A protein, apolipoprotein A (ApoA)-IV, ApoA-IV precursor, haptoglobin 2, ceruloplasmin (Cp), immunoglobulin superfamily 22 and HT016 were over-expressed. ELISA test confirmed that Cp expressed remarkably higher while TTR obviously lower in RA group compared with volunteer group.

Conclusion
There were 8 identified proteins differentially expressed between RA group and volunteer group, which might be candidate RA-associated proteins and might be promising diagnostic indicators or therapeutic targets for RA.
Wide local excision could be considered as the initial treatment of primary anorectal malignant melanoma
Authors: ZHOU Hai-tao , ZHOU Zhi-xiang , ZHANG Hai-zeng , BI Jian-jun , ZHAO Ping 
Published: January 2024

Background
Anorectal malignant melanoma was a rare disease with extremely poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristic, diagnosis and treatment strategies of anorectal malignant melanoma.

Methods
The data of 57 patients with anorectal malignant melanoma was collected and retrospectively analyzed.

Results
Rectal bleeding and anal mass were found to be common symptoms of anorectal malignant melanoma. The preoperative diagnosis rate of anorectal malignant melanoma was 48.6%. The overall 3-year and 5-year survival rate was 38.0% and 21.3% respectively. The 3-year survival rates of stage I and II patients were 63.0% and 16.7% respectively (P=0.000), and the 5-year survival rates were 33.3% and 11.1% (P=0.001), which both had significant statistic differences. The 3-year survival rate of patients undergone abdmoninoperineal resection and patients undergone wide local excision were 36.7% and 53.0% respectively (P=0.280), while the 5-year survival rate were 24.1% and 23.1% (P=0.642), which both had no significant statistic differences.

Conclusions
This study identified no survival advantage to abdominoperineal resection in treatment of anorectal malignant melanoma, and we propose that wide local excision could be considered as the initial treatment of choice.