bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Test–retest reliability of Bayesian estimations of the effects of stimulation, prior information and individual traits on pain perception
Authors: Delgado‐Sanchez Ariane , Charalambous Christiana , Trujillo‐Barreto Nelson J. , Safi Hannah , Jones Anthony , Sivan Manoj , Talmi Deborah , Brown Christopher 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is inter‐individual variability in the influence of different components (e.g. nociception and expectations) on pain perception. Identifying the individual effect of these components could serve for patient stratification, but only if these influences are stable in time.MethodsIn this study, 30 healthy participants underwent a cognitive pain paradigm in which they rated pain after viewing a probabilistic cue informing of forthcoming pain intensity and then receiving electrical stimulation. The trial information was then used in a Bayesian probability model to compute the relative weight each participant put on stimulation, cue, cue uncertainty and trait‐like bias. The same procedure was repeated 2 weeks later. Relative and absolute test–retest reliability of all measures was assessed.ResultsIntraclass correlation results showed good reliability for the effect of the stimulation (0.83), the effect of the cue (0.75) and the trait‐like bias (0.75 and 0.75), and a moderate reliability for the effect of the cue uncertainty (0.55). Absolute reliability measures also supported the temporal stability of the results and indicated that a change in parameters corresponding to a difference in pain ratings ranging between 0.47 and 1.45 (depending on the parameters) would be needed to consider differences in outcomes significant. The comparison of these measures with the closest clinical data we possess supports the reliability of our results.ConclusionsThese findings support the hypothesis that inter‐individual differences in the weight placed on different pain factors are stable in time and could therefore be a possible target for patient stratification.SignificanceOur results demonstrate the temporal stability of the weight healthy individuals place on the different factors leading to the pain response. These findings give validity to the idea of using Bayesian estimations of the influence of different factors on pain as a way to stratify patients for treatment personalization.
Energy harvesting from water streaming at charged surface
Authors: Xu Daxiang , Yan Meng , Xie Yanbo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWater flowing at a charged surface may produce electricity, known as streaming current/potentials, which may be traced back to the 19th century. However, due to the low gained power and efficiencies, the energy conversion from streaming current was far from usable. The emergence of micro/nanofluidic technology and nanomaterials significantly increases the power (density) and energy conversion efficiency. In this review, we conclude the fundamentals and recent progress in electrical double layers at the charged surface. We estimate the generated power by hydrodynamic energy dissipation in multi‐scaling flows considering the viscous systems with slipping boundary and inertia systems. Then, we review the coupling of volume flow and current flow by the Onsager relation, as well as the figure of merits and efficiency. We summarize the state‐of‐the‐art of electrokinetic energy conversions, including critical performance metrics such as efficiencies, power densities, and generated voltages in various systems. We discuss the advantages and possible constraints by the figure of merits, including single‐phase flow and flying droplets.
Relevance of the calculation of the diffusion coefficient in a capillary electrophoresis experiment
Authors: Manzi Sergio J. , Ranzuglia Gabriela A. , Centres Paulo M. , Pereyra Víctor D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the role of the diffusion coefficient in the movement of analytes that can reversibly react with a selector given a product in the presence of drift. The problem mimics the movement of enantiomers in a capillary electrophoresis experiment. As is well known, the signal in the capillary must be sharp enough to make a good determination of the effective mobility of the analytes being analyzed. The essence of the technique is based on fast interconversion rates. Therefore, the effective diffusion coefficient must be negligible during the experiment. In the present work, an exact expression for both the apparent mobility and the diffusion coefficient is obtained. This is done by writing the rate equations governing the process and solving them using the generating function technique. The effective mobility coincides with the Wren and Rowe equation, whereas the diffusion coefficient allows us to determine the values of the parameters to be taken into account so that this quantity is minimal or close to zero. On the other hand, the numerical solution of the kinetic equations and Monte Carlo simulations allow us to follow the signal in the capillary and to determine its space–time evolution.
Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and the Risk of Bone Fracture: A Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE)‐Assessed Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zeraattalab‐Motlagh Sheida , Ghoreishy Seyed Mojtaba , Arab Arman , Mahmoodi Sara , Hemmati Amirhossein , Mohammadi Hamed 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTResearchers have examined the link between consuming fruit and vegetables and the incidence of fractures for many years. Nevertheless, their findings have been unclear. Furthermore, the dose‐dependent relationship has not been examined, and the level of certainty in the evidence was not evaluated. We carried out a dose‐dependent meta‐analysis examining the relation between fruit and vegetables intake and fracture incidence. PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus were searched until April 2023 for cohort studies evaluating the relation between fruit and vegetables and fracture incidence. Summary relative risks (RRs) were computed from complied data by applying random effects analysis. To examine the level of evidence, we utilized the approach called the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE). Ten cohort studies comprising 511,716 individuals were entered. There was a nonsignificant relation between fruit and vegetables, as well as only fruit intake and any fracture risk. In contrast, high versus low analysis presented that vegetables consumption was linked to a 16% decrease in any type of fracture incidence (RR 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75 to 0.95; I2 = 83.1%; n = 6). Also, per one serving/day (200 g/day) increments in vegetables consumption, there was a 14% decline in the fracture risk (RR 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.97; I2 = 84.7%; n = 5; GRADE = moderate). With moderate certainty, a greater consumption of only vegetables, but not total fruit and vegetables or only fruit, might reduce the risk of fracture. These associations were also evident in dose–response analysis. Large intervention trials are demanded to approve our findings. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The longitudinal effect of the quality of participation experiences in a voluntary organization on youth psychological empowerment
Authors: Rodrigues Mariana , Menezes Isabel , Ferreira Pedro D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearch shows its limitations by not capturing the specificities of individual experiences, which result either from the participation of or interaction among different people in a given context across time. This study explores the effect that the quality of youth participation experiences in a Portuguese voluntary organization can have on the development of their psychological empowerment (PE). This study adopted a longitudinal, quantitative design where the same cohort of 481 participants (62.4% female; Mage = 17.26 years) was followed across three time points. Latent growth curve modeling was performed to examine the effect of the quality of participation experiences (QPE) on the developmental trajectories of PE components. Findings show that the QPE had the most powerful effect on developmental trajectories in PE. The study shows how youth perceptions of opportunities for reflection and action in interaction in a climate of openness to dialogue and the emergence of different ways of thinking and doing affect their PE.
On the saturation spectrum of odd cycles
Authors: Gould Ronald J. , Kündgen André , Kang Minjung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGiven a graph , we say that a graph is ‐saturated if is not a subgraph of , but the addition of any new edge to creates at least one copy of . In this paper we determine all pairs for which there is a ‐saturated graph on vertices and edges. In addition, we determine all but possible sizes for ‐vertex ‐saturated graphs when is an odd cycle for .
Rapid classification and identification of chemical constituents in Leonurus japonicus Houtt based on UPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS combined with data post‐processing techniques
Authors: Dou Yajie , Shu Lexin , Jia Xuchen , Yao Yaqi , Chen Siyue , Xu Yanyan , Li Yubo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLeonurus japonicus Houtt (LJH) is a bulk medicinal material commonly used in clinical practice, but its complex constituents have not been completely understood, posing challenges to pharmacology, pharmacokinetic research, and scientific and rational drug use. As a result, it is critical to develop an efficient and accurate method for classifying and identifying the chemical composition of LJH. In this study, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole electrostatic field‐orbital trap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS) was successfully established, along with two data post‐processing techniques, characteristic fragmentations (CFs) and neutral losses (NLs), to quickly classify and identify the chemical constituents in LJH. As a result, 44 constituents of LJH were identified, including four alkaloids, 20 flavonoids, two phenylpropanoids, 17 organic acids, and one amino acid. The method in this paper enables classification and identification of chemical compositions rapidly, providing a scientific foundation for further research on the effective and toxic substances of LJH.
Genotyping and traceability analysis of norovirus in Yantai between 2017 and 2019
Authors: Sun Zhenlu , Niu Peihua , Jin Miao , Zhang Ruiqing , Gao Qiao , Wang Hongtao , Ma Xuejun , Wang Ji 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo investigate the diversity and evolution of noroviruses in Yantai in recent years, this study focused on the coat protein regions of norovirus‐positive samples with nucleic acid detection (cycle threshold) values below 30 between 2017 and 2019. A total of 81 sequences were obtained for genotyping. Initially, a high‐throughput sequencing approach was established to perform the whole‐genome sequencing of multiple typical diarrheal strains. Using bioinformatics software such as BEAST, recombinant variant analysis was performed for each genotype of the norovirus strains, and genetic evolutionary analysis was conducted for the dominant strain GII.4, as well as the rare variant GII.21. The results showed that there were multiple genotypes such as GI.3, GI.6, GI.7, GII.1, GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, GII.6, GII.13, GII.17, GII.21, and GIX.1 in the positive samples of norovirus from 2017 to 2019. GII.4 is characterized by diverse genotypes, with new changes in antigenic epitopes occurring during the course of the epidemic. This may have led to the emergence of a new pandemic. This suggests a need to strengthen surveillance. The results of this study suggest that attention should be paid to the predominant genotypes prevalent in neighboring countries and regions, and the safety supervision of imported food should be strengthened to aid in the prevention and control of related viruses.
Comparative anti‐inflammatory effect of extract from novel Korean strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa) on lipopolysaccharide‐induced RAW264.7 macrophages and mouse model
Authors: Justine Elsa Easter , Jang Seo‐Woo , Lee Sanghyun , Lee Hyo‐Jun , Wang Rong‐Bo , Kim Yeon‐Ju 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDietary interventions are crucial in modulating inflammation in humans. Strawberries are enjoyed by people of different ages as a result of their attractive phenotype and taste. In addition, the active compounds in strawberries may contribute to the reduction of inflammation. When developing new strawberry cultivars to address agricultural and environmental threats, the bioactivity of strawberries must be improved to maintain their health benefits.RESULTSWe determined the phytochemical contents of extracts from a new Korean strawberry cultivar, with the CN7 cultivar extract possessing the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid contents compared to the CN5 and Seolhyang cultivar extracts. The new Korean strawberry cultivars reduced the expression of inflammatory‐related genes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced RAW264.7 cells via the nuclear factor‐kappa B signaling pathway, indicating an anti‐inflammatory effect. The CN7 cultivar showed greater bioactivity potential and the highest ellagic acid content; hence, we assessed the effect of the CN7 cultivar in an LPS‐stimulated mouse model. The CN7 cultivar treatment demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing inflammation via the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines secretion and gene expression.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained in the present study have revealed the observable differences of the newly developed strawberry cultivars with Seolhyang in mitigating inflammation induced by LPS. The enhanced phytochemical content of the CN7 cultivar extract may contribute to its improved anti‐inflammatory effect. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain the nutritive benefits of strawberry during the development of new cultivation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Sustaining rice productivity through weather‐resilient agricultural practices
Authors: Rahman Niaz Md. Farhat , Malik Waqas Ahmed , Baten Md. Azizul , Kabir Md. Shahjahan , Rahman Mohammad Chhiddikur , Ahmed Rokib , Hossain ABM Zahid , Hossain Md. Mofazzel , Halder Tuhin , Bhuiyan Md. Khairul Alam , Khan Mohammad Ashik Iqbal , Khan Raihanul Haque , Ahasan Nazmul , Piepho Hans‐Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDEnhancing productivity and profitability and reducing climatic risk are the major challenges for sustaining rice production. Extreme weather can have significant and varied effects on crops, influencing agricultural productivity, crop yields and food security.RESULTSIn this study, a comparative evaluation of two crop management systems was performed involving farmers adopting a weather forecast‐based advisory service (WFBAS) and usual farmers’ practice (FP). WFBAS crop management followed the generated weather forecast‐based advice whereas the control farmers (FP) did not receive any weather forecast‐based advice, rather following their usual rice cultivation practices. The results of the experiments revealed that WFBAS farmers had a significant yield advantage over FP farmers. With the WFBAS technology, the farmers used inputs judiciously, utilized the benefit of favorable weather and minimized the risk resulting from extreme weather events. As a result, besides the yield enhancement, WFBAS provided a scope to protect the environment with the minimum residual effect of fertilizer and pesticides. It also reduced the pressure on groundwater by ensuring efficient water management. Finally, the farmers benefited from higher income through yield enhancement, reduction of the costs of production and reduction of risk.CONCLUSIONA successful and extensive implementation of WFBAS in the rice production system would assist Bangladesh in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2.4, which focuses on rice productivity and profitability of farmers as well as long‐term food security of the country. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Uncertainty principles for the short‐time Fourier transform on the lattice
Authors: Poria Anirudha , Dasgupta Aparajita 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study a few versions of the uncertainty principle for the short‐time Fourier transform on the lattice . In particular, we establish the uncertainty principle for orthonormal sequences, Donoho–Stark's uncertainty principle, Benedicks‐type uncertainty principle, Heisenberg‐type uncertainty principle, and local uncertainty inequality for this transform on . Also, we obtain the Heisenberg‐type uncertainty inequality using the ‐entropy of the short‐time Fourier transform on .
Diverse biological functions of the renin‐angiotensin system
Authors: Rao Adithi , Bhat Shabir A. , Shibata Tomohiro , Giani Jorge F. , Rader Florian , Bernstein Kenneth E. , Khan Zakir 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) has been widely known as a circulating endocrine system involved in the control of blood pressure. However, components of RAS have been found to be localized in rather unexpected sites in the body including the kidneys, brain, bone marrow, immune cells, and reproductive system. These discoveries have led to steady, growing evidence of the existence of independent tissue RAS specific to several parts of the body. It is important to understand how RAS regulates these systems for a variety of reasons: It gives a better overall picture of human physiology, helps to understand and mitigate the unintended consequences of RAS‐inhibiting or activating drugs, and sets the stage for potential new therapies for a variety of ailments. This review fulfills the need for an updated overview of knowledge about local tissue RAS in several bodily systems, including their components, functions, and medical implications.
Characterization of the void content and laminate quality of fiber‐reinforced plastic composites manufactured using the resin spray and compaction method
Authors: Zegeye Amare Demelie , Delele Mulugeta Admsu , Tsegaw Assefa Asmare , Bogale Tesfaye Shiferaw 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVoid fraction and fiber volume fraction (FVF) are among the most important parameters determining the quality of fiber‐reinforced plastic products. Most of the voids in liquid composite molding–manufactured composites are directly related to the viscous matrix (resin) flow through the porous medium (fiber) during impregnation. In this investigation, a different method, resin spray rather than injection was used to reduce the resin's flow path, which resulted in low void content and higher FVF. The resin was sprayed on the surface of the preform, and compaction was applied to infiltrate the resin towards the thickness. Sample laminates were manufactured, and computer tomography scanning was applied to diagnose void content and laminae quality. The images collected from the scanner were analyzed using ImageJ software. Effects of compaction pressure and compaction speed were characterized. According to the investigation, compaction speed was the key factor in determining a laminate's void content. Only 1.5% void fraction was integrated with a compaction speed of 1 mm/min and a compaction pressure of 100 KPa. On the other hand, compaction speed has less of an impact on a laminate's FVF.Highlights
The void fraction of a composite is reduced via the spray and compaction method.
Fiber volume fraction is not much affected by compaction speed.
Slow compaction speeds minimize void content.
Spray compaction is a low‐cost manufacturing method.
Effect of tree height and spraying methods on Diaphorina citri kuwayama endosymbionts in the context of Huanglongbing disease management in citrus orchards
Authors: Hussain Mubasher , Zhong Yun , Tao Tonglai , Xiu Baolin , Ye Fengxian , Gao Jing , Mao Runqian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDHuanglongbing (HLB) (caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus) is the most damaging disease of citrus around the world. This study investigated the effects of citrus tree height on Diaphorina citri Kuwayama mortality, endosymbiont responses, and HLB distribution.RESULTSThe results reveal that the age of citrus trees plays a significant role in psyllid mortality. Interestingly, the cumulative mean mortality (%) of psyllids over the seven‐day observation period was higher (31.50±0.03) when four‐year‐old (501A1, 502A2, 501A3) citrus trees were sprayed with a US‐SMART mechanical sprayer. In contrast, the psyllids mortality was 0.09±0.23 for the 13‐year‐old citrus trees (104A2, 104A3, 104C1) sprayed with a US‐SMART mechanical sprayer and 9.10±0.05 for 13‐year‐old (502A2, 502B2, 502D1) citrus trees sprayed with a fixed US‐SMART mechanical sprayer. Our findings also revealed that psyllids from both four‐ and 13‐year‐old citrus trees carried Candidatus Carsonella ruddii species and Wolbachia, the primary and secondary endosymbionts, respectively. Surprisingly, infection rates of these endosymbionts remained consistent across different age groups, as confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Furthermore, our study highlights the significance of tree height as a proxy for tree age in influencing HLB occurrence. Specifically, four‐year‐old citrus trees subjected to the US‐SMART mechanical sprayer for citrus psyllid control demonstrated effective disease management compared to 13‐year‐old (104A2, 104A3, 104C1) citrus trees sprayed with US‐SMART mechanical sprayers. Additionally, the investigation explored the impact of tree height on HLB distribution. In four‐year‐old trees, no significant correlation between HLB disease and tree height was observed, potentially due to effective spray coverage with US‐SMART mechanical sprayer. However, in 13‐year‐old (104A2, 104A3, 104C1) citrus tree sprayed with US‐SMART mechanical sprayer, a positive correlation between tree height and HLB disease was evident.CONCLUSIONThis research provides valuable insights into the complex interaction between citrus tree age, psyllid endosymbionts responses, and HLB distribution. These results emphasize effective HLB management strategies, especially in orchards with diverse tree age populations, ultimately contributing to the long‐term sustainability of citrus cultivation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Optimizing the design of a pharmacokinetic trial to evaluate the dosing scheme of a novel tuberculosis drug in children living with or without HIV
Authors: Montepiedra Grace , Svensson Elin M. , Wong Weng Kee , Hooker Andrew C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPharmacokinetic (PK) studies in children are usually small and have ethical constraints due to the medical complexities of drawing blood in this special population. Often, population PK models for the drug(s) of interest are available in adults, and these models can be extended to incorporate the expected deviations seen in children. As a consequence, there is increasing interest in the use of optimal design methodology to design PK sampling schemes in children that maximize information using a small sample size and limited number of sampling times per dosing period. As a case study, we use the novel tuberculosis drug delamanid, and show how applications of optimal design methodology can result in highly efficient and model‐robust designs in children for estimating PK parameters using a limited number of sampling measurements. Using developed population PK models based on available data from adults living with and without HIV, and limited data on children without HIV, competing designs for children living with HIV were derived and assessed based on robustness to model uncertainty.