bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐Persistent Circularly Polarized Luminescence from a Host‐Guest System Regulated by the Multiple Roles of a Gold(I)‐Carbene Motif
Authors: Yu Fei‐Hu , Jin Rui , Chang Xiaoyong , Li Kai , Cui Ganglong , Chen Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe promotion of intersystem crossing (ISC) is critical for achieving a high‐efficiency long‐persistent luminescence (LPL) from organic materials. However, the use of a transition‐metal complex for LPL materials has not been explored because it can also shorten the emission lifetime by accelerating the phosphorescence decay. Here, we report a new class of LPL materials by doping a monovalent Au‐carbene complex into a boron‐embedded molecular host. The donor‐acceptor systems exhibit photoluminescence with both high efficiencies (>57 %) and long lifetimes (ca. 40 ms) at room temperature. It is revealed that the Au atom promotes the population of low‐lying triplet excited states of the host aggregate (T1*) which can be converted into the charge‐transfer (CT) state, thereby resulting in afterglow luminescence. Moreover, the use of a chirality unit on the guest molecule results in the LPL being circularly polarized. This work illustrates that transition‐metal complexes can be used for developing organic afterglow systems by exquisite control over the excited state mechanism.
Narrowband Fluorescent Emitters Based on BN‐Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Efficient and Stable Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hu Yuxuan , Huang Manli , Liu He , Miao Jingsheng , Yang Chuluo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) using conventional fluorescent emitters are currently attracting considerable interests due to outstanding stability and abundant raw materials. To construct high‐performance narrowband fluorophores to satisfy requirements of ultra‐high‐definition displays, a strategy fusing multi‐resonance BN‐doped moieties to naphthalene is proposed to construct two novel narrowband fluorophores. Green Na−sBN and red Na−dBN, manifest narrow full‐width at half‐maxima of 31 nm, near‐unity photoluminescence quantum yields and molecular horizontal dipole ratios above 90 %. Their OLEDs exhibit the state‐of‐the‐art performances including high external quantum efficiencies (EQE), ultra‐low efficiency roll‐off and long operational lifetimes. The Na−sBN‐based device achieves EQE as high as 28.8 % and remains 19.8 % even at luminance of 100,000 cd m−2, and Na−dBN‐based device acquires a record‐high EQE of 25.2 % among all red OLEDs using pure fluorescent emitters.
Surrogacy validation for time‐to‐event outcomes with illness‐death frailty models
Authors: Roberts Emily K. , Elliott Michael R. , Taylor Jeremy M. G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA common practice in clinical trials is to evaluate a treatment effect on an intermediate outcome when the true outcome of interest would be difficult or costly to measure. We consider how to validate intermediate outcomes in a causally‐valid way when the trial outcomes are time‐to‐event. Using counterfactual outcomes, those that would be observed if the counterfactual treatment had been given, the causal association paradigm assesses the relationship of the treatment effect on the surrogate outcome with the treatment effect on the true, primary outcome. In particular, we propose illness‐death models to accommodate the censored and semicompeting risk structure of survival data. The proposed causal version of these models involves estimable and counterfactual frailty terms. Via these multistate models, we characterize what a valid surrogate would look like using a causal effect predictiveness plot. We evaluate the estimation properties of a Bayesian method using Markov chain Monte Carlo and assess the sensitivity of our model assumptions. Our motivating data source is a localized prostate cancer clinical trial where the two survival outcomes are time to distant metastasis and time to death.
The marginality principle revisited: Should “higher‐order” terms always be accompanied by “lower‐order” terms in regression analyses?
Authors: Morris Tim P. , van Smeden Maarten , Pham Tra My 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe marginality principle guides analysts to avoid omitting lower‐order terms from models in which higher‐order terms are included as covariates. Lower‐order terms are viewed as “marginal” to higher‐order terms. We consider how this principle applies to three cases: regression models that may include the ratio of two measured variables; polynomial transformations of a measured variable; and factorial arrangements of defined interventions. For each case, we show that which terms or transformations are considered to be lower‐order, and therefore marginal, depends on the scale of measurement, which is frequently arbitrary. Understanding the implications of this point leads to an intuitive understanding of the curse of dimensionality. We conclude that the marginality principle may be useful to analysts in some specific cases but caution against invoking it as a context‐free recipe.
Implementing multiple schedules with naturally occurring stimuli via telehealth
Authors: Exline Emily , Davis Tonya N. , Avery Suzannah K. , Gerow Stephanie , Liu Renming , Austin Monserrat 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFunctional communication training (FCT) is an effective intervention to decrease challenging behavior. However, the continuous reinforcement of mands commonly implemented within FCT is difficult to implement in natural settings. Schedule thinning using a multiple schedule arrangement addresses this barrier, yet most studies evaluating this approach have been conducted in clinical environments and using implementer‐arranged stimuli to signal reinforcer availability. The purposes of the current study are to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of caregiver‐implemented multiple schedules in the home setting with caregiver coaching via telehealth and (b) evaluate the effectiveness of transferring stimulus control from caregiver‐arranged to naturally occurring stimuli to signal reinforcer availability within a multiple schedule arrangement. The results indicated FCT was effective in reducing challenging behavior and increasing manding. For one participant, discriminated manding was established with caregiver‐arranged stimuli within 7 sessions and transferred to naturally occurring stimuli with a three‐step fading procedure across 33 sessions. For the other participant, discriminated manding was established with the caregiver‐arranged stimuli within 21 sessions and transferred to naturally occurring stimuli with a three‐step fading procedure across 23 sessions. Both caregivers implemented FCT and multiple schedules with fidelity. Given the preliminary nature of the results, more research is needed to determine if this strategy is effective and if there is a more efficient approach to teach discrimination of naturally occurring stimuli.
Investigations of thermoluminescence characteristics of SrAlBO4:Eu3+ phosphors irradiated with gamma rays and carbon ion beam
Authors: Joseph Tresha , Parauha Yatish Ratn , Dhoble Sanjay Janaraoji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA series of SrAlBO4:Eu phosphors doped with different concentrations of Eu (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 mol%) was synthesized using a solid‐state diffusion method, and their thermoluminescence (TL) properties were analyzed for gamma and carbon ion irradiation. The phase purity, morphological properties, vibrational features, and thermal stability of the prepared sample were analyzed using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyzer (TG/DTA) techniques, respectively. The TL properties of the proposed materials showed broad dosimetric bands, peaking at 202°C for 0.12 kGy gamma irradiation. The highest TL intensity was obtained for a 0.7 mol% concentration of Eu ions under gamma irradiation. Furthermore, the glow curve of the proposed materials showed a broad emission band, centred at 148°C under carbon ion beam irradiation and exhibited the highest emission intensity for a 0.1 mol% Eu concentration. In addition, the dosimetric trapping parameters of the prepared samples such as symmetry factor, order of kinetics, activation energy, and frequency factor, were analyzed using various methods such as Chen’s peak shape method, initial growth method, and the Ilich method. The obtained results of the samples showed the potential for dosimetric application.
The interplay among green absorptive capacity, green entrepreneurial, and learning orientations and their effect on triple bottom line performance
Authors: Marzouk Jane , El Ebrashi Raghda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis research paper aims at examining the effect of three green capabilities, namely, green entrepreneurial orientation, green learning orientation, and green absorptive capacity, on triple bottom line firm performance under the natural resource‐based view (NRBV) lens. Data were collected through self‐administered surveys distributed among large firms in Egypt that have sustainability initiatives. A total of 211 responses were received, and data analysis was conducted using SMARTPLS 4.0. Results indicated an insignificant direct relationship between green entrepreneurial orientation and triple bottom line firm performance, yet results showed a positive indirect relationship between green entrepreneurial orientation and triple bottom line firm performance in the presence of green learning orientation as a mediator. Moreover, results indicated a positive indirect relationship between green entrepreneurial orientation and triple bottom line firm performance in the presence of green absorptive capacity as a mediator. Last but not the least, the relationship between green entrepreneurial orientation and triple bottom line firm performance was found to be positive when sequentially mediated by green learning orientation and green absorptive capacity.
Beyond the tip of the iceberg: A meta‐analysis of the anatomy of the clitoris
Authors: Longhurst Georga Jane , Beni Rebecca , Jeong Su Ryeon , Pianta Marina , Soper Annie Louisa , Leitch Patricia , De Witte Gabrielle , Fisher Lauren 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn understanding of ranges in clitoral anatomy is important for clinicians caring for patients including those who have had female genital mutilation, women seeking genital cosmetic surgery, or trans women seeking reconstructive surgery. The aim of this meta‐analysis is to investigate the ranges in clitoral measurements within the literature. A meta‐analysis was performed on Ovid Medline and Embase databases following the PRISMA protocol. Measurements of clitoral structures from magnetic imaging resonance, ultrasound, cadaveric, and living women were extracted and analyzed. Twenty‐one studies met the inclusion criteria. The range in addition to the average length and width of the glans (6.40 mm; 5.14 mm), body (25.46 mm; 9.00 mm), crura (52.41 mm; 8.71 mm), bulb (52.00 mm; 10.33 mm), and prepuce (23.19 mm) was calculated. Furthermore, the range and average distance from the clitoris to the external urethral meatus (22.27 mm), vagina (43.14 mm), and anus (76.30 mm) was documented. All erectile and non‐erectile structures of the clitoris present with substantial range. It is imperative to expand the literature on clitoral measurements and disseminate the new results to healthcare professionals and the public to reduce the sense of inadequacy and the chances of iatrogenic damage during surgery.
“Bridging the Gap”: A reflexive thematic analysis of the experiences of therapy trainees transitioning from psychodynamic counselling to cognitive behavioural therapy
Authors: Ball Claire , Corrie Sarah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is limited empirical research and insight into the experiences of therapy trainees who are being taught more than one psychotherapeutic approach during their training. Further understanding is warranted to ensure that a dual modality approach to training (that is, where therapists are trained in two paradigmatically distinct modalities) is experienced as worthwhile and acceptable to trainees and to better understand any challenges faced when transitioning between approaches. The aim of this study was to investigate trainees' experiences of transitioning from psychodynamic counselling to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) on a two‐year master's degree that offers a dual modality approach to training. Data were collected from a sample of 8 trainees using an online semistructured questionnaire. These data were analysed using Braun and Clarke's (2020) reflexive thematic analysis. Four main themes were identified: (1) perceived competence; (2) preparedness; (3) professional advantages; and (4) external challenges. The findings suggested considerable individual variation in the ease with which participants navigated the transition between therapeutic modalities. Those who found the transition easier used the structure of CBT to provide a framework and point of difference that allowed them to temporarily suspend their psychodynamic learning in order to embrace a new therapeutic approach. Others experienced the move to CBT as posing a threat to their developing identities as counsellors. Recommendations are made on how to prepare trainees for the transition including exploring the psychological impact of transitions, increasing opportunities for reflective practice and facilitating exploration of what it means to be a therapist trained in two distinct therapeutic modalities.
Angioinvasive Trichophyton rubrum associated necrotizing fasciitis in an immunocompromised patient
Authors: Davis Michael J. , Rypka Katelyn J. , Perron Alexandra K. , Keilty John , Wils Benjamin , Levine Joshua , Rezcallah Anthony T. , Solomon Robin , Goldfarb Noah , Kaka Anjum 
Published: September 2023

Key clinical messageAngioinvasive dermatophytosis with necrotizing fasciitis can be a rare complication in immunocompromised patients with early surgical debridement, 12 weeks of oral terbinafine, and reduction in immunosuppression being a viable management strategy.
Brugada syndrome unmasked by dengue fever
Authors: Sivanandam Lokesh Koumar , Basani Hima Bindu R. , Sanker Vivek , Roshan S Shamal , Hunjul Marah , Gupta Umang 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageUnderstanding the circumstances, leading to unmasking of hidden Brugada syndrome is essential for the practicing clinician and the patients so that they are informed adequately to seek prompt medical attention.AbstractBrugada syndrome is a genetic arrhythmia syndrome characterized by a coved type of ST‐segment elevation in the ECG. The patients are usually asymptomatic, with unmasking of the disease under certain conditions. We are reporting the case of a patient diagnosed with Brugada syndrome, which was unmasked during an attack of dengue fever.
Synthesis of 10‐Membered Azecines through Pd‐Catalyzed Formal [6+4] Cycloaddition and Their Transannular Reaction to Polycyclic Compounds
Authors: Wang Yu‐Jiao , Zhao Li‐Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAzecine fragments are frequently presented in natural products and bioactive compounds. However, minor efforts have been devoted to these 10‐membered N‐heterocycles, and their synthesis is still challenging. Reported herein is the first catalytic formal [6+4] cycloaddition for the synthesis of 10‐membered azecines. Under palladium catalysis, the reaction of δ‐vinylvalerolactones and benzofuran‐derived azadienes proceeds smoothly to afford benzofuran‐fused azecines with high diastereoselectivity in moderate to good yields. A unique transannular reaction of these 10‐membered azecines for the construction of polycyclic compounds is also demonstrated.
Revealing the Impact of Polystyrene Functionalization of Au Octahedral Nanocrystals of Different Sizes on the Formation and Structure of Mesocrystals
Authors: Lapkin Dmitry , Singh Shweta , Kirner Felizitas , Sturm Sebastian , Assalauova Dameli , Ignatenko Alexandr , Wiek Thomas , Gemming Thomas , Lubk Axel , Müller‐Caspary Knut , Khadiev Azat , Novikov Dmitri , Sturm Elena V. , Vartanyants Ivan A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe self‐assembly of anisotropic nanocrystals (stabilized by organic capping molecules) with pre‐selected composition, size, and shape allows for the creation of nanostructured materials with unique structures and features. For such a material, the shape and packing of the individual nanoparticles play an important role. This work presents a synthesis procedure for ω‐thiol‐terminated polystyrene (PS‐SH) functionalized gold nanooctahedra of variable size (edge length 37, 46, 58, and 72 nm). The impact of polymer chain length (Mw: 11k, 22k, 43k, and 66k g⋅mol−1) on the growth of colloidal crystals (e. g. mesocrystals) and their resulting crystal structure is investigated. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) methods provide a detailed structural examination of the self‐assembled faceted mesocrystals based on octahedral gold nanoparticles of different size and surface functionalization. Three‐dimensional angular X‐ray cross‐correlation analysis (AXCCA) enables high‐precision determination of the superlattice structure and relative orientation of nanoparticles in mesocrystals. This approach allows us to perform non‐destructive characterization of mesocrystalline materials and reveals their structure with resolution down to the nanometer scale.
SLChain: A secure and low‐storage pressure sharding blockchain
Authors: Tian Junfeng , Xu Hongwei , Tian Jin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs a distributed ledger technology, blockchain's low throughput is challenging to support large‐scale applications. Sharding is one way to solve this problem, but the security of existing sharded blockchains is not enough. In addition, with the increase of time, the node storage pressure in the shard will also increase. Therefore, SLChain was proposed as a secure and low storage pressure sharding blockchain. SLChain works together between shards for block validation to avoid inconsistencies caused by a single shard being controlled by adversaries. As well as by relying on a reputation‐established confirmation committee that allows blocks to be confirmed quickly and without forking. In addition, a secure ledger pruning mechanism is designed to make the space required for nodes grow very slowly over time, reducing the storage pressure on nodes. The results show that SLChain can improve security and throughput, and the node storage pressure is small.
Metabarcoding reveals that mixed forests mitigate negative effects of non‐native trees on canopy arthropod diversity
Authors: Wildermuth Benjamin , Seifert Carlo L. , Husemann Martin , Schuldt Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAverting climate change‐induced forest diebacks increasingly relies on tree species planted outside of their natural range and on the addition of non‐native tree species to mixed‐species forests. However, the consequences of such changes for associated biodiversity remain poorly understood, especially for the forest canopy as a largely understudied forest stratum. Here, we used flight interception traps and a metabarcoding approach to study the taxonomic and functional (trophic guilds) composition and taxon richness of canopy arthropods. We sampled 15 monospecific and mixed stands of native European beech, native Norway spruce—planted outside its natural range—and non‐native Douglas fir in northwest Germany. We found that the diversity of arthropods was lower in non‐native Douglas fir compared with native beech stands. Taxon richness of herbivores was reduced by both conifer species. Other functional guilds, however, were not affected by stand type. Arthropod composition differed strongly between native broadleaved beech and monospecific coniferous (native spruce or non‐native Douglas fir) stands, with less pronounced differences between the native and non‐native conifers. Beech–conifer mixtures consistently hosted intermediate arthropod diversity and community composition compared with the respective monospecific stands. Moreover, arthropod diversity had a positive relationship with the number of canopy microhabitats. Our study shows that considering arthropod taxa of multiple functional groups reveals the multifaceted impact of non‐native tree species on forest canopy arthropod communities. Contrasting with previous studies that primarily focused on the forest floor, we found that native beech hosts a rich diversity of arthropods, compared with lower diversity and distinct communities in economically attractive, and especially in non‐native, conifers with few canopy microhabitats. Broadleaf–conifer mixtures did not perform better than native beech stands, but mitigated the negative effects of conifers, making such mixtures a compromise to foster both forest‐associated diversity and economic yield.
Mutualisms impact species' range expansion speeds and spatial distributions
Authors: Naven Narayanan  , Shaw Allison K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSpecies engage in mutually beneficial interspecific interactions (mutualisms) that shape their population dynamics in ecological communities. Species engaged in mutualisms vary greatly in their degree of dependence on their partner from complete dependence (e.g., yucca and yucca moth mutualism) to low dependence (e.g., generalist bee with multiple plant species). While current empirical studies show that, in mutualisms, partner dependence can alter the speed of a species' range expansion, there is no theory that provides conditions when expansion is sped up or slowed down. To address this, we built a spatially explicit model incorporating the population dynamics of two dispersing species interacting mutualistically. We explored how mutualisms impacted range expansion across a gradient of dependence (from complete independence to obligacy) between the two species. We then studied the conditions in which the magnitude of the mutualistic benefits could hinder versus enhance the speed of range expansion. We showed that either complete dependence, no dependence, or intermediate degree of dependence on a mutualist partner can lead to the greatest speeds of a focal species' range expansion based on the magnitude of benefits exchanged between partner species in the mutualism. We then showed how different degrees of dependence between species could alter the spatial distribution of the range expanding populations. Finally, we identified the conditions under which mutualistic interactions can turn exploitative across space, leading to the formation of a species' range limits. Our work highlights how couching mutualisms and mutualist dependence in a spatial context can provide insights about species range expansions, limits, and ultimately their distributions.
Relationship of atrial fibrillation and N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide in heart failure patients
Authors: Nasab Mehrabi Entezar , Toupchi‐Khosroshahi Vahid , Athari Seyyed Shamsadin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractN terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) plays an important role in the diagnosis and prognosis of heart failure (HF). The plasma level of NT‐proBNP in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients was higher than of sinus rhythm patients. In HF, NT‐proBNP levels are affected by the concomitant presence of AF, making it difficult to distinguish between HF and AF in patients with elevated NT‐proBNP. Several other diseases, such as renal failure and pulmonary embolism, are known to further increase NT‐proBNP levels in patients with concomitant HF. Therefore, NT‐proBNP is a sensitive but non‐specific marker for the detection of HF. AF is very important in this regard because among patients with HF regardless of ejection fraction, symptoms such as shortness of breath and atrial enlargement develop and can mimic HF. In the present study, we investigated whether the prognostic value of natriuretic peptides in HF holds true for patients with concomitant AF.