bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JinJiang ablation catheter is no inferior than Johnson ablation catheter in radiofrequency ablation of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
Authors: Li Ying , Xiong Ganwei , Liu Yuan , Huang Xiantao , Liu Yanfeng , Zhou Haiwen , Xu Zhicheng , Tao Yu , Zhang Fanzhi , Lai Hengli , Chen Zhenhuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundParoxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is characterized by episodes of rapid tachycardia with sudden onset and sudden termination. PSVT treatment has evolved considerably over the past 30 years. Currently, radiofrequency catheter ablation is the first‐line treatment.HypothesisWe conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare safety and effectiveness of PSVT ablation between the Jinjiang and Johnson (J&J) catheters in 57 patients in our hospital.Methods and resultsPatients were randomly assigned to ablation procedures using either the Jinjiang system or the J&J Carto system. Follow‐up was performed 3 days, 1, and 6 months after the procedure. Success rate, ablation time, frequency of ablation, and rates of complications and recurrence did not significantly differ between the groups. One Jinjiang group patient (3.6%) experienced arrhythmia recurrence during the 6‐month follow‐up.ConclusionsThe Jinjiang catheter for radiofrequency ablation of PSVT is as safe and effective as the J&J catheter.
Effect of serum panel reactive antibodies on allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric thalassemia patients: A single‐center experience
Authors: Malbora Baris , Sarbay Hakan , Dogusan Zeynep , Atay Abdullah Avni 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the impact of serum panel reactive antibodies (PRA) on the outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in pediatric thalassemia patients.MethodsA total of 73 pediatric patients with thalassemia were included in this single‐center study. Pre‐transplant PRA levels were evaluated, and the patients were divided into two groups: PRA‐negative (group 1; n = 44) and PRA‐positive (group 2; n = 29). Patient characteristics, including age, gender, donor type, stem cell source, and HLA compatibility, were analyzed. Transplant outcomes, including engraftment, transfusion requirements, and transplant‐related complications, were compared between the two groups. Further subgroup analysis was performed based on MFI values.ResultsAt the time of transplantation, patients in group 1 were younger than those in group 2 (p = .008). The number of fully matched donors within the family (MSD and MFD) was significantly higher in group 1 (p = .049). Additionally, Rh blood group incompatibility was higher in group 2 (p = .03). There was no statistically significant difference in the engraftment days of neutrophils, platelets, and erythrocytes between the two groups. The frequency of poor graft function and graft failure was higher in the group 2, but there was no statistically significant difference. Post‐transplant transfusion requirements for platelets and red blood cells were significantly higher in the group 2 (p < .001). Transplant‐related complications such as VOD, PRES, and aGvHD were more common in the group 2, but no statistical significance was detected.ConclusionsSerum PRA in pediatric thalassemia patients may impact the outcomes of HSCT. PRA‐positive patients had higher rates of blood product transfusion requirements. Although poor graft function, graft failure, and post‐transplant complications were more common in the group 2, statistical significance was not observed. Identifying patients with high PRA levels can assist in optimizing transplant strategies and post‐transplant care, leading to improved outcomes for the patients.
Pediatric heart transplantation: Looking forward after five decades of learning
Authors: Dipchand Anne I. , Webber Steven A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHeart transplantation has become the standard of care for pediatric patients with end‐stage heart disease throughout the world. Since the first transplant was performed in 1967, the number of transplants has grown dramatically with 13 449 pediatric heart transplants being reported to The International Society of Heart and Lung Transplant (ISHLT) between January 1992 and June 30, 2018. Outcomes have consistently improved over the last few decades, specifically short‐term outcomes. Most recent survival data demonstrate that recipients who survive to 1‐year post‐transplant have excellent long‐term survival with more than 60% of those who were transplanted as infants being alive 25 years later. Nonetheless, the rates of graft loss beyond the first year have remained relatively constant over time; driven primarily by our poor understanding and lack of treatments for chronic allograft vasculopathy (CAV). Acute rejection, CAV, graft failure, and infection continue to be the major causes of death within the first 5 years post‐transplant. In addition, renal dysfunction, malignancy, and the need for re‐transplantation remain as significant issues that require close follow‐up. Looking forward, key challenges include improving donor utilization rates (including donation after cardiac death (DCD) and the use of ex vivo perfusion devices), the development of non‐invasive biomarkers for rejection, efforts to mitigate the long‐term effects of immunosuppression, and prevention of CAV. It is not possible to cover the entire evolution of pediatric heart transplantation over the last five decades, but in this review, we hope to touch on key observations, lessons learned, and practice changes that have advanced the field, as well as glance ahead to the next decade.
Frequency of skin cancer among psoriasis, vitiligo, and mycosis fungoides patients treated with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy
Authors: Mimouni Ilit , Shulman Julia , Unes Awni Abu , Pavlovsky Lev , Pavlotsky Felix 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundNarrowband ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB) phototherapy is a popular and relatively contemporary treatment option. However, only a few studies to date have explored the potential risk of skin cancer following NB‐UVB treatment.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the potential long‐term risk of skin cancer in patients treated with NB‐UVB.MethodsThis cohort study included patients with psoriasis, vitiligo, and mycosis fungoides treated with NB‐UVB at two university hospitals in Israel in 2000–2005. Patients were followed up for skin cancer for at least 10 years. Data were extracted from the hospital and community medical records.ResultsA total of 767 patients were included in this study: 509 with psoriasis, 122 with vitiligo, and 136 with mycosis fungoides. The mean follow‐up duration was 13 years. Among these patients, 4.43% developed skin cancer during the follow‐up (3.93% had psoriasis, 2.46% had vitiligo, and 8.09% had mycosis fungoides). Old age and fair skin type were the only significant independent risk factors for skin cancer. There was no significant difference in the mean number of NB‐UVB treatments among patients who developed skin cancer and those who did not (99.09 vs. 94.79, respectively).ConclusionNo association was observed between the number of NB‐UVB treatments and carcinogenesis in any study group. Age is a significant risk factor, and older patients treated with NB‐UVB should be followed up carefully.
Socio‐spatial differentiation and residential inequalities in Chinese cities
Authors: Miao Jia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChina has experienced unprecedented economic development and urbanization in the past four decades, which has reshaped the Chinese city's physical and social landscape. This article reviews research on socio‐spatial differentiation and residential inequalities in urban China. The market transition and institutional changes have led to cities with escalating spatial divisions of socioeconomic groups since the 1990s. The legacy of a planned economy, unique socialist institutions, growing social disparities, migration, and globalization are essential mechanisms leading to the changing socio‐spatial structure of Chinese cities. Divided cities foster social inequalities by unevenly distributing opportunities and resources for education, income, health, and social networks, and, in turn, affect individual well‐being. This review concludes by calling for more theoretical development and comparative research in studies of Chinese residential inequalities and offering some suggestions for the field's future direction.
Convivial and informal encounters with de‐radicalisation
Authors: Atalay Doga Can , Korkut Umut , Fazekas Roland 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOur piece raises a conceptual issue with regards to how migration and deradicalization literature conform with each other in ways that they depict and deal with the self/other dichotomy. Both also aim at “integrating” the “other” through policy‐oriented formal mechanisms. The deviance from the normal, evinced by the self/other dichotomisation in these literature, presents who is not ‘us’ as the wayward other. In return, the following migration and deradicalization policies both introduce disciplining mechanisms to make societies homogenous and align the “other” with the existing nation‐state structures. Instead, we propose that societies have a non‐binary composition, and they cannot be pushed in becoming homogenous entities. This piece contributes to deradicalization literature by foregrounding the importance of informal engagements rather than policy‐focused formal processes of deradicalization. In conclusion, we show the importance of the ordinary and the convivial activities to achieve inclusion.
Difference in immunosuppressant dose requirement when transitioning to isavuconazole from other azoles in thoracic transplant recipients
Authors: Kozuch Jade M. , Burt Carrie , Afshar Kamyar , Aslam Saima , Yung Gordon , Mariski Mark , Golts Eugene , Feist Ashley 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe triazole antifungal isavuconazole (ISAVU) is used for prevention and treatment of fungal infections in solid organ transplant (SOT). SOT recipients commonly need to transition from one azole to another due to breakthrough infection, toxicity, or other reasons. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of ISAVU on immunosuppressant concentrations in thoracic transplant recipients when ISAVU was started de novo or transitioned from another azole. We conducted a single‐center retrospective cohort study including 68 patients (51 lung, 14 heart, and 3 heart/lung transplant). Concentration to dosage ratios (C/D) of immunosuppressants were assessed at baseline, day 3, and weekly for 9 weeks. When starting ISAVU de novo, we observed a temporary doubling of tacrolimus exposure. Cyclosporine and sirolimus required dose decreases. Tacrolimus C/D increased by 110% at day 3 in patients started on ISAVU de novo then returned to baseline C/D ± 17% weeks 2‐9 (n = 8). One cyclosporine patient started on ISAVU de novo had variable C/D, and C/D increased by 219% ± 72% in 2 sirolimus patients. When transitioning from other azoles, tacrolimus and cyclosporine required about twice the initial dose. After week 1, tacrolimus C/D decreased by 53% ± 6% in patients transitioned from posaconazole (n = 33), voriconazole (n = 14), or fluconazole (n = 2). Cyclosporine C/D decreased by 45% ± 16% in patients transitioning from other azoles (posaconazole [n = 2], voriconazole [n = 2], fluconazole [n = 1]). Sirolimus C/D decreased by 73% ± 13% in patients transitioned from posaconazole (n = 7). Aside from the initial loading phase, ISAVU had a lesser degree of interaction with immunosuppressants than other azoles in loading phase, ISAVU had a lesser degree of interaction with immunosuppressants than other azoles in adjustments for the 4‐week period after initiating antifungal therapy with ISAVU or switching from another agent.
image
Proteome plasticity during Physcomitrium patens spore germination – from the desiccated phase to heterotrophic growth and reconstitution of photoautotrophy
Authors: Hembach Lea , Niemeyer Philipp W. , Schmitt Kerstin , Zegers Jaccoline M. S. , Scholz Patricia , Brandt Dennis , Dabisch Janis J. , Valerius Oliver , Braus Gerhard H. , Schwarzländer Markus , de Vries Jan , Rensing Stefan A. , Ischebeck Till 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYThe establishment of moss spores is considered a milestone in plant evolution. They harbor protein networks underpinning desiccation tolerance and accumulation of storage compounds that can be found already in algae and that are also utilized in seeds and pollen. Furthermore, germinating spores must produce proteins that drive the transition through heterotrophic growth to the autotrophic plant. To get insight into the plasticity of this proteome, we investigated it at five timepoints of moss (Physcomitrium patens) spore germination and in protonemata and gametophores. The comparison to previously published Arabidopsis proteome data of seedling establishment showed that not only the proteomes of spores and seeds are functionally related, but also the proteomes of germinating spores and young seedlings. We observed similarities with regard to desiccation tolerance, lipid droplet proteome composition, control of dormancy, and β‐oxidation and the glyoxylate cycle. However, there were also striking differences. For example, spores lacked any obvious storage proteins. Furthermore, we did not detect homologs to the main triacylglycerol lipase in Arabidopsis seeds, SUGAR DEPENDENT1. Instead, we discovered a triacylglycerol lipase of the oil body lipase family and a lipoxygenase as being the overall most abundant proteins in spores. This finding indicates an alternative pathway for triacylglycerol degradation via oxylipin intermediates in the moss. The comparison of spores to Nicotiana tabacum pollen indicated similarities for example in regards to resistance to desiccation and hypoxia, but the overall developmental pattern did not align as in the case of seedling establishment and spore germination.
The Raf‐like MAPKKKs STY8, STY17, and STY46 negatively regulate Botrytis cinerea resistance by limiting MKK7 protein accumulation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Chen Lijuan , Xiao Jiahui , Li You , Song Yuxiao , Liu Jun , Zhou Qi , Sun Ting , Wang Hong‐Bin , Liu Bing 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYPlant diseases, which seriously damage crop production, are in most cases caused by fungal pathogens. In this study, we found that the Raf‐like MAPKKKs STY8 (SERINE/THREONINE/TYROSINE KINASE 8), STY17, and STY46 negatively regulate resistance to the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea through jasmonate response in Arabidopsis. Moreover, STY8/STY17/STY46 homologs negatively contribute to chitin signaling. We further identified MKK7 as the MAPKK component interacting with STY8/STY17/STY46 homologs. MKK7 positively contributes to resistance to B. cinerea and chitin signaling. Furthermore, we found that STY8/STY17/STY46 homologs negatively affect the accumulation of MKK7, in accordance with the opposite roles of MKK7 and STY8/STY17/STY46 homologs in defense against B. cinerea. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms precisely regulating plant immunity via Raf‐like MAPKKKs.
Autonomic nervous system dysfunction throughout menopausal transition: A potential mechanism underpinning cardiovascular and cognitive alterations during female ageing
Authors: Schwarz Karla G. , Vicencio Sinay C. , Inestrosa Nibaldo C. , Villaseca Paulina , Del Rio Rodrigo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVD) and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), are highly prevalent conditions in middle‐aged women that severely impair quality of life. Recent evidence suggests the existence of an intimate cross‐talk between the heart and the brain, resulting from a complex network of neurohumoral circuits. From a pathophysiological perspective, the higher prevalence of AD in women may be explained, at least in part, by sex‐related differences in the incidence/prevalence of CVD. Notably, the autonomic nervous system, the main heart–brain axis physiological orchestrator, has been suggested to play a role in the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in middle‐aged women because of decreases in oestrogen‐related signalling during transition into menopause. Despite its overt relevance for public health, this hypothesis has not been thoroughly tested. Accordingly, in this review, we aim to provide up to date evidence supporting how changes in circulating oestrogen levels during transition to menopause may trigger autonomic dysfunction, thus promoting cardiovascular and cognitive decline in women. A main focus on the effects of oestrogen‐mediated signalling at CNS structures related to autonomic regulation is provided, particularly on the role of oestrogens in sympathoexcitation. Improving the understanding of the contribution of the autonomic nervous system on the development, maintenance and/or progression of both cardiovascular and cognitive dysfunction during the transition to menopause should help improve the clinical management of elderly women, with the outcome being an improved life quality during the natural ageing process.
image
Structural basis of metallo-β-lactamase resistance to taniborbactam
Authors: Drusin Salvador I. , Le Terrier Christophe , Poirel Laurent , Bonomo Robert A. , Vila Alejandro J. , Moreno Diego M. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The design of inhibitors against metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), the largest family of carbapenemases, has been a strategic goal in designing novel antimicrobial therapies. In this regard, the development of bicyclic boronates, such as taniborbactam (TAN) and xeruborbactam, is a major achievement that may help in overcoming the threat of MBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Of concern, a recent report has shown that New Delhi MBL-9 (NDM-9) escapes the inhibitory action of TAN by a single amino acid substitution with respect to New Delhi MBL-1 (NDM-1), the most widely disseminated MBL. Here, we report a docking and computational analysis that identifies that “escape variants” against TAN can arise by disruption of the electrostatic interaction of negative charges in the active site loops of MBLs with the N-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexylamine side chain of TAN. These changes result in non-productive binding modes of TAN that preclude reaction with the MBLs, a phenomenon that is not restricted to NDM-9. This analysis demonstrates that single amino acid substitutions in non-essential residues in MBL loops can unexpectedly elicit resistance to TAN.
The streptococcal phase-variable type I restriction modification system SsuCC20p dictates the methylome of
Streptococcus suis
impacting the transcriptome and virulence in a zebrafish larvae infection model
Authors: Roodsant Thomas J. , van der Putten Boas , Brizuela Jaime , Coolen Jordy P. M. , Baltussen Tim J. H. , Schipper Kim , Pannekoek Yvonne , van der Ark Kees C. H. , Schultsz Constance 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Phase-variable type I restriction modification (RM) systems are epigenetic regulatory systems that have been identified in numerous human bacterial pathogens. We previously showed that an emerging zoonotic lineage of
Streptococcus suis
acquired a phase-variable type I RM system, named SsuCC20p. The SsuCC20p locus was identified in the genome of multiple streptococcal species, indicating that it is not restricted to
S. suis
and can be acquired through horizontal gene transfer. We demonstrate that SsuCC20p phase variability relies on a recombinase present within the locus. SsuCC20p is the single RM system responsible for the genome methylation profiles that were detected in the representative zoonotic
S. suis
isolate 861160
in vitro
. In addition, we show that, contrary to previous observations,
hsdS
genes located downstream of
hsdM
and the recombinase gene contribute to the SsuCC20p genome methylation profile. SsuCC20p locked mutants expressing a single
hsdS
each show a unique genome methylation profile and, when grown in human serum, have distinct transcriptomes. In a zebrafish larvae infection model, we observed significant differences in virulence between the locked mutants and a corresponding shift in
hsdS
allele distribution in the wild type. These data indicate that the streptococcal phase-variable type I RM system SsuCC20p can impact bacterial fitness via epigenetic regulation of gene expression, which impacts the virulence of
S. suis
in the zebrafish larvae infection model.

IMPORTANCE

Phase variation allows a single strain to produce phenotypic diverse subpopulations. Phase-variable restriction modification (RM) systems are systems that allow for such phase variation via epigenetic regulation of gene expression levels. The phase-variable RM system SsuCC20p was found in multiple streptococcal species and was acquired by an emerging zoonotic lineage of
Streptococcus suis
. We show that the phase variability of SsuCC20p is dependent on a recombinase encoded within the SsuCC20p locus. We characterized the genome methylation profiles of the different phases of SsuCC20p and demonstrated the consequential impact on the transcriptome and virulence in a zebrafish infection model. Acquiring mobile genetic elements containing epigenetic regulatory systems, like phase-variable RM systems, enables bacterial pathogens to produce diverse phenotypic subpopulations that are better adapted to specific (host) environments encountered during infection.
Digital ischaemia as a presenting feature in metastatic ovarian cancer
Authors: Miller Jonathan Harry , Merry Peter 
Published: December 2023

A woman in her 50s presented with acute pain and discolouration in the fingertips of both hands, without other features of connective tissue disease. The history was otherwise significant for abdominal bloating, altered bowel habit, urinary urgency and fatigue. Inflammatory markers, antinuclear antibodies, serum protein electrophoresis and complement levels were all normal. The tumour marker CA125 was significantly elevated, prompting a CT abdomen and pelvis, which revealed a large right-sided adnexal mass with multiple enhancing peritoneal and omental nodules and moderate ascites, suggestive of disseminated primary ovarian cancer.Digital ischaemia (DI) can be associated with cancer in up to 15% of cases. An underlying cancer should be suspected in patients presenting with new or worsening symptoms of DI. Prompt treatment with anticancer therapies can achieve complete resolution of DI.