bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of laccase from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia E1 by submerge fermentation using coconut husk with its detoxification and biodecolorization ability of synthetic dyes
Authors: Albulaihed Yazeed , Adnan Mohd , Jamal Arshad , Snoussi Mejdi , Patel Kartik , Patel Mitesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnzymatic degradation of synthetic dyes holds an immense promise for addressing the environmental concerns associated with the textile and dye industries. This study aimed to isolate bacteria capable of producing laccase enzymes from an anthropogenic environment. Subsequently, viability of utilizing cost-effective agricultural residues as substrates for laccase production was assessed. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the One Variable at a Time (OVAT) approach was pursued for the optimization of laccase production, followed by pH and temperature stability, dye degradation and decolorization experiments, toxicological studies on the degraded dye metabolites. In results, laccase-producing bacterial strain was identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain E1 (S. maltophilia). Among variety of substrates, coconut husk exhibited optimal efficacy. In a statistical optimization study, it was found that S. maltophilia was capable of producing laccase 51.38 IU/mL, i.e., three times higher than the amount of laccase produced by unoptimized medium (16.7 IU/mL), and the enzyme activity was found to be steady at an acidic pH, and a mesophilic temperature range. The laccase obtained from S. maltophilia E1 demonstrated proficient dye decolorization capabilities, achieving a notable 92.1% reduction in Malachite green dye coloration at a concentration of 500 ppm. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of the decolorized derivatives of Malachite green revealed a conversion into a distinct compounds. Moreover, after undergoing laccase treatment, Malachite green exhibited decreased phytotoxic effects on Oryza sativa, pointing to enzymatic detoxification. Collectively, insights gained from the present study will contribute to the development of efficient enzymatic approaches for addressing the environmental pollution caused by synthetic dyes.
Graphical Abstract
The role of acute normovolemic hemodilution in reducing allogeneic blood transfusion in glioblastoma surgery: a case–control study
Authors: Chen Ping , Zhang Xin-Huang , Wang Ying , Lin Xian-Zhong , Kang De-Zhi , Lin Qing-Song 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) was first introduced in glioblastoma surgery, and its role in reducing allogeneic blood transfusion was investigated in this study.

Methods
This study enrolled supratentorial glioblastoma patients who received total resection. In the ANH group, the patients were required to draw blood before the operation, and the blood will be transfused back to the patient during the operation. The association between ANH and clinical features was investigated.

Results
Sixty supratentorial glioblastoma patients were enrolled in this study, 25 patients were allocated in the ANH group, and another 35 patients were included in the control group. ANH dramatically reduced the need for allogeneic blood transfusion (3 [12%] vs 12 [34.3%], P = 0.049), and the blood transfusion per total of patients was dramatically decreased by the application of ANH (0.40 ± 1.15 units vs 1.06 ± 1.59 units, P = 0.069). Furthermore, ANH also markedly reduced the requirement of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion (2 [8%] vs 11 [31.4%], P = 0.030) and the volume of FFP transfusion per total of patients (32.00 ± 114.46 mL vs 115.71 ± 181.00 mL, P = 0.033). The complication rate was similar between the two groups.

Conclusions
ANH was a safe and effective blood conservation technique in glioblastoma surgery.
Sterols and flavonoids in strawberry calyx with free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and molecular dynamic study
Authors: El‑Feky Amal M. , El-Rashedy Ahmed A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The phytochemical constitution and biological capabilities of Fragaria ananassa's calyx have not been extensively investigated before. Consequently, the research study pointed for characterization, isolation, and identification of the sterols and flavonoids as the major active constituents in the calyx of F. ananassa and evaluation for their impacts as free radicals scavenger and anti-inflammatory agent.

Results
GC/MS investigation for the lipoidal constitutions of F. ananassa's calyx was performed to identify twenty-six compounds signifying 83.08%, as well as isolation of campesterol, stigmast-4-en-3-one, and β-sitosterol-d-glucoside by column chromatography technique. Additionally, quantification and identification of the flavonoids in the ethyl acetate extract was carried out by HPLC/DAD technique beside to isolation and structure elucidation of 5-hydroxy-7, 4′-dimethoxy flavone and Chrysin. The free radicals scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities of both non-polar and polar extracts have been tested against (DPPH and ABTS radicals) and (COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX enzymes), correspondingly. The results illustrated significant effects of the polar extract of F. ananassa calyx greater than non-polar one. The dynamic natures, binding interactions, and protein–ligand stabilities have also been investigated using the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation research. The MD simulation revealed that Chrysin's chromen ring was extended to catalytic position of COX-1 receptor, producing Pi-Pi T-shaped contact with Tyr 354 and Trp 356. In addition, Chrysin's chromen ring has formed a Pi-alkyl bond with Val 318 and Leu 321. However, due to the huge size of ꞵ-sitosterol-d-glucoside, the glycoside ring can form a hydrogen bond with Tyr 317. The cyclopentyl phenanthrene ring also possesses Pi-alkyl interactions with Ile 58, Leu 62, Val 85, Val 318, Tyr 324, Leu 326, Ala 496, and Leu 500.

Conclusions
The findings of our study are crucial in establishing the molecular bases for Chrysin and ꞵ-sitosterol-d-glucoside action against anti-inflammatory targets and for developing more effective selective inhibitors. The discovery of the binding location for ATP can pave the door for development unique, structure-based approach for natural anti-inflammatory medications.
Extra-corporeal shock wave therapy versus local corticosteroid injection in treatment of chronic trigger finger in diabetic patients
Authors: El-Leithy Sally A. , Adly Nahla Nader , Taha Rana Mohamed , El-Gharbawy Nermin H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Trigger finger is one of the most common causes of pain and dysfunction. The aim of our study was to compare the effectiveness of shock wave therapy versus local corticosteroid injection in the treatment of trigger finger in diabetic patients.

Results
The two groups were matched on age, HbA1c, VAS score, and grip force at week zero. There was statistically significant improvement in both groups after treatment. In comparing the two groups after 6 weeks of starting treatment either by shockwave therapy or by local corticosteroid injection, there was a statistically significant improvement in group 1 as regards VAS pain score (p = 0.012), clinical signs (finger extension and locking) (p = 0.018), hand grip dynamometer (p < 0.001), and musculoskeletal ultrasound findings in comparison to group 2.

Conclusion
Trigger finger is a common complication of DM. Shockwave therapy was able to reduce pain and improve hand functional level and quality of life. Shockwave is an effective, safe, non-invasive method for conservative management of trigger finger.
Antecedents, clinical and psychological characteristics of a large sample of individuals who have self-harmed recruited from primary care and hospital settings in Pakistan
Authors: Husain Muhammad Omair , Chaudhry Nasim , Kiran Tayyeba , Taylor Peter , Tofique Sehrish , Khaliq Ayesha , Naureen Amna , Shakoor Suleman , Bassett Paul , Zafar Shehla Naeem , Chaudhry Imran B. , Husain Nusrat 
Published: November 2023

Background
Suicide is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and the majority of suicide deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries.

Aims
To evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals who have presented to health services following self-harm in Pakistan.

Method
This study is a cross-sectional baseline analysis of participants from a large multicentre randomised controlled trial of self-harm prevention in Pakistan. A total of 901 participants with a history of self-harm were recruited from primary care clinics, emergency departments and general hospitals in five major cities in Pakistan. The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and Suicide Attempt Self Injury Interview assessment scales were completed.

Results
Most participants recruited were females (n = 544, 60.4%) in their 20s. Compared with males, females had lower educational attainment and higher unemployment rates and reported higher severity scores on BSI, BDI and BHS. Interpersonal conflict was the most frequently cited antecedent to self-harm, followed by financial difficulties in both community and hospital settings. Suicide was the most frequently reported motive of self-harm (N = 776, 86.1%). Suicidal intent was proportionally higher in community-presenting patients (community: N = 318, 96.9% v. hospital: N = 458, 79.9%; P < 0.001). The most frequently reported methods of self-harm were ingestion of pesticides and toxic chemicals.

Conclusions
Young females are the dominant demographic group in this population and are more likely to attend community settings to seek help. Suicidal intent as the motivator of self-harm and use of potentially lethal methods may suggest that this population is at high risk of suicide.
Assessing professionalism in mental health clinicians: development and validation of a situational judgement test
Authors: Aylott Lauren M. E. , Finn Gabrielle M. , Tiffin Paul A. 
Published: November 2023

Background
Situational judgement test (SJT) scores have been observed to predict actual workplace performance. They are commonly used to assess non-academic attributes as part of selection into many healthcare roles. However, no validated SJT yet exists for recruiting into mental health services.

Aims
To develop and validate an SJT that can evaluate procedural knowledge of professionalism in applicants to clinical roles in mental health services.

Method
SJT item content was generated through interviews and focus groups with 56 professionals, patients and carers related to a large National Health Service mental health trust in England. These subject matter experts informed the content of the final items for the SJT. The SJT was completed by 73 registered nurses and 36 allied health professionals (AHPs). The primary outcome measure was supervisor ratings of professionalism and effectiveness on a relative percentile rating scale and was present for 69 of the participating nurses and AHPs. Personality assessment scores were reported as a secondary outcome.

Results
SJT scores statistically significantly predicted ratings of professionalism (β = 0.31, P = 0.01) and effectiveness (β = 0.32, P = 0.01). The scores demonstrated statistically significant incremental predictive validity over the personality assessment scores for predicting supervisor ratings of professionalism (β = 0.26, P = 0.03).

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate that a carefully designed SJT can validly assess important personal attributes in clinicians working in mental health services. Such assessments are likely to represent evidence based, cost-effective tools that can support values-based recruitment to mental health service roles.
The Concept of Cultural Revolution, and Its Indian Ocean Travels during the Cold War
Authors: Burgess G. Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For most of the 1960s, Kweupe served as the official printed mouthpiece of the Zanzibari Revolution. Appearing in Swahili, the newspaper repeatedly claimed the revolution would only succeed if islanders were willing to transform their thoughts, values, and routines. Through analysis of such rhetoric, this article sheds new light upon the relationship between nationalism and socialism in the Indian Ocean during the Cold War. It argues that nationalists frequently perceived in socialism a series of anchoring principles by which to obtain meaningful as opposed to illusory sovereignty. And while socialism proposed ways to resist and reshape global structures faulted for perpetuating neocolonial domination and inequality, it also presented cultural solutions to poverty and powerlessness on the world stage. Indeed, the socialist concept of cultural revolution appealed to nationalists of the 1960s because its effectiveness appeared to be indisputable—and because the concept licensed nationalists to critically evaluate inherited cultural norms in terms of their perceived conduciveness to national progress and sovereignty. Such critique was not exceptional to nationalists of the Indian Ocean searching for means by which to complete the process of decolonization. Rather, it was inherent to nationalist thought since at least the early nineteenth century and was inspired by a series of sentiments and emotions that call for further scholarly examination.
Gain equalization for a few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier supporting eight spatial modes
Authors: Gao Jiao , Yan Fengping , Ren Guobin , Guo Hao , Wang Baoyuan , Li Guangbo , Zhu Fuxi , Tan HaoYu , Feng Ting 
Published: November 2023

A trench-assisted ring few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA) supporting eight spatial modes is designed and proposed in this work. The gain equalization for the FM-EDFA is achieved by selecting the appropriate doping radius and concentration using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm when only the pump in the fundamental mode (LP01) is applied. When the signals in the eight spatial modes are simultaneously amplified, the average modal gain is about 20 dB, and the DMG is less than 0.3 dB for a signal at 1550 nm. Considering the gain competition of six wavelength signals, the modal gain and DMG are more than 20 and 1 dB, respectively. In addition, the tolerance analysis for manufacturing with this design is also discussed. For a fluctuation in the refractive index, the average modal gain is about 19.5 dB, and the DMG is 0.77 dB, indicating that the structure has good fabrication tolerance.
Deep learning approach to predict optical attenuation in additively manufactured planar waveguides
Authors: Pflieger Keno , Evertz Andreas , Overmeyer Ludger 
Published: November 2023

The booming demand for efficient, scalable optical networks has intensified the exploration of innovative strategies that seamlessly connect large-scale fiber networks with miniaturized photonic components. Within this context, our research introduces a neural network, specifically a convolutional neural network (CNN), as a trailblazing method for approximating the nonlinear attenuation function of centimeter-scale multimode waveguides. Informed by a ray tracing model that simulated many flexographically printed waveguide configurations, we cultivated a comprehensive dataset that laid the groundwork for rigorous CNN training. This model demonstrates remarkable adeptness in estimating optical losses due to waveguide curvature, achieving an attenuation standard deviation of 1.5 dB for test data over an attenuation range of 50 dB. Notably, the CNN model’s evaluation speed, at 517 µs per waveguide, starkly contrasts the used ray tracing model that demands 5–10 min for a similar task. This substantial increase in computational efficiency accentuates the model’s paramount significance, especially in scenarios mandating swift waveguide assessments, such as optical network optimization. In a subsequent study, we test the trained model on actual measurements of fabricated waveguides and its optical model. All approaches show excellent agreement in assessing the waveguide’s attenuation within measurement accuracy. Our endeavors elucidate the transformative potential of machine learning in revolutionizing optical network design.
Analysis of heavy pollution weather in Shenyang City and numerical simulation of main pollutants
Authors: Ma Yunfeng , Zhao Huijie , Feng Lei , Jin Siyu , Zhao Di , Wang Shuai , Liu Qiyao , Gao Kunyu , Xu Zhengqing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the present research, a statistical analysis of all pollution incidents occurring from 2015 to 2019 in the cities of the urban agglomeration centered on Shenyang was performed. The results indicated that heavy pollution mainly occurred during the heating season, and the main pollutants were (particulate matter) PM2.5 and PM10. It was also determined that the heavy pollution that occurred during the heating season in Shenyang was of the soot type. The weather research forecast-chemistry (WRF-Chem) was used to simulate the meteorological elements and particle concentration during the two heavy pollution periods in 2019 and compared the simulation data with the monitoring data to verify the simulation performance of the model. Results demonstrated that the model had a better simulation effect on temperature and pressure than on wind speed and wind direction. By comparing the hourly particle concentration data, it was found that the simulation results for pollutants obtained with the WRF-Chem model were lower than the measured values. The simulation effect on PM2.5 was better than that on PM10, and the simulation results were basically consistent in the high- and low-value areas, and the time of peak and valley was basically synchronous. It was proven that the selected parameterization scheme properly simulated the weather situation and changes in pollutants during heavy pollution events in the Shenyang area. These results verified the application value of the WRF-Chem model during the investigation of heavy pollution events.
Religionspädagogischer Silberstreif am düsteren kirchlichen Horizont?
Authors: Kießling Klaus 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die VI. Kirchenmitgliedschaftsuntersuchung der Evangelischen Kirche Deutschlands wurde dank ihrer Kooperation mit der katholischen Deutschen Bischofskonferenz zu einer deutschlandweiten Repräsentativbefragung. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet diese Untersuchung aus katholisch-religionspädagogischer Perspektive. Zu Fragen familialer und institutioneller Sozialisation sowie des schulischen Religionsunterrichts werden empirische Analysen präsentiert. Die Hauptbefunde werden vor dem Hintergrund des eklatanten Vertrauensverlusts in die katholische Kirche diskutiert. An diesem düsteren Horizont zeichnen sich ein paar religionspädagogische Silberstreifen ab.
Kirchenmitgliedschaft: ein entscheidungsförmiger Gestaltungsprozess. Prospekt zu einer zentralen Beobachtungsdimension der sechsten Kirchenmitgliedschaftsuntersuchung
Authors: Merle Kristin , Anselm Reiner , Roleder Felix 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Menschen gestalten ihr Verhältnis zu Kirche in konkreten Situationen über entscheidungsförmige Praktiken. Wie lassen sich diese entscheidungsförmigen Praktiken verstehen? Diese Frage ist eine der zentralen Beobachtungsdimensionen der neuen, VI. Kirchenmitgliedschaftsuntersuchung (KMU). Einsichten hierzu werden aus der Repräsentativbefragung gewonnen wie aus dem die Repräsentativbefragung begleitenden großen, aus KMU-Mitteln finanzierten Begleitprojekt. ‚Entscheiden‘ wird dabei mehrdimensional und in praxistheoretischer Perspektive modelliert, denn auch praktische Logiken, Ressourcen, Materialitäten und implizites Wissen werden hier wirksam. In diesem Beitrag skizzieren wir das Forschungsinteresse und fragen nach ersten Einsichten aus der Repräsentativbefragung mit Blick auf Bedingungsfaktoren im Kontext der Frage nach Kirchenaustritt.
EGFR signaling controls directionality of epithelial multilayer formation upon loss of cell polarity
Authors: Tian Aiguo , Wang Xian‐Feng , Xu Yuting , Morejon Virginia , Huang Yi‐Chun , Nwapuda Chidi , Deng Wu‐Min 
Published: November 2023

AbstractApical‐basal polarity is maintained by distinct protein complexes that reside in membrane junctions, and polarity loss in monolayered epithelial cells can lead to formation of multilayers, cell extrusion, and/or malignant overgrowth. Yet, how polarity loss cooperates with intrinsic signals to control directional invasion toward neighboring epithelial cells remains elusive. Using the Drosophila ovarian follicular epithelium as a model, we found that posterior follicle cells with loss of lethal giant larvae (lgl) or Discs large (Dlg) accumulate apically toward germline cells, whereas cells with loss of Bazooka (Baz) or atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) expand toward the basal side of wildtype neighbors. Further studies revealed that these distinct multilayering patterns in the follicular epithelium were determined by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and its downstream target Pointed, a zinc‐finger transcription factor. Additionally, we identified Rho kinase as a Pointed target that regulates formation of distinct multilayering patterns. These findings provide insight into how cell polarity genes and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling interact to govern epithelial cell organization and directional growth that contribute to epithelial tumor formation.
Review of Canadian literary fare by Nathalie Cooke, Shelley Boyd, with Alexia Moyer
Authors: Shankland Amanda 
Published: November 2023

This review looks at Canadian Literary Fare by Nathalie Cooke and Shelley Boyd, with Alexia Moyer. The book gives an unconventional exploration of 'food voices' in Canadian literature. The authors examine the food narratives of celebrated Canadian writers, like Alice Munro, Eden Robinson, Fred Wah, M. NourbeSe Philip, Tomson Highway, Rabindranath Maharaj, and others. The book explores the interactions between literary characters and food, challenging preconceptions about Canadian cuisine. It highlights the voices of Indigenous and immigrant writers, emphasizing the role of food in decolonization and reshaping identities. The authors discuss iconic Canadian foods, the symbolism of food markets, and food as demonstrative of struggles with poverty. Canadian Literary Fare is a valuable resource for those interested in the interplay between food culture and identity. It provides a refreshing departure from traditional approaches, examining Canadian culture through alternative 'food voices'.
A gestão de resíduos sólidos na perspectiva do Hospital-Escola Veterinário da UNB
Authors: De Oliveira Cléia Nunes , Ribeiro Elaine Nolasco , De Abreu Lucijane Monteiro , De Souza Jônio Ferreira 
Published: November 2023

O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar a gestão de resíduos sólidos no Hospital-Escola Veterinário de Animais de Pequeno Porte da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) e a percepção ambiental da comunidade acadêmica deste local, a fim de propor medidas para um melhor gerenciamento dos resíduos. Para tal, foram realizadas visitas in loco a fim de identificar o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos no hospital, com base nas etapas de manejo, identificando-se as conformidades e não-conformidades conforme a Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada (RDC) nº 222/18 e na Lei n° 12.305/10. A avaliação da percepção ambiental da comunidade acadêmica foi realizada por meio da aplicação de questionários estruturados. Resultados obtidos indicaram que o processo de manejo dos resíduos, não atende a legislação vigente carecendo de melhorias na segregação, contentores apropriados, identificação padronizada, dentre outras adequações. Em relação à percepção ambiental da comunidade acadêmica do hospital-escola, identificou-se que a mesma está preocupada com as questões ambientais que envolvem a temática de resíduos, mas necessita de orientações acerca da gestão de resíduos em todos os setores hospitalares. Conclui-se assim, que a pesquisa realizada apresenta contribuições ao diagnóstico situacional da gestão de resíduos do hospital-escola e, a partir desta, sugere-se a aplicação de um conjunto de indicadores para o monitoramento das ações de melhorias propostas.