bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of spin-orbit perturbations in the rovibrational structure of the N2(C3Πu, v) electronic state. Importance in N(4S) and N(2D) formation in Lewis-Rayleigh afterglows
Authors: Ventura Laiz R , da Silva Ramon S , Fellows Carlos E , Amorim Jayr 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Nitrogen molecules, N2, are involved in several physico-chemical processes in the Earth’s atmosphere, including phenomena such as afterglow and aurora. These processes are crucial for understanding the dynamics of the upper atmosphere and interactions between solar radiation and atmospheric gases. The rovibrational spectrum is rich in information and exhibits a wide range of forbidden transitions. In this study, we propose that the rovibrational structure of the N2(C3Π
u
, v) is severally perturbed by spin-orbit interaction with A

′
5

Σ

g

+

, C

″

5

Π

u

, 2

5

Σ

g

+

and 1

5

Σ

g

−

states. This effect disturbs the measurements of N(2D) and N(4S) atomic states in late post-discharges. By analyzing the vibrational distribution function of N2(B3Π
g
, 10 < v < 12) and N2(C3Π
u
, 1 < v < 4), and taking into account these spin-orbit interactions, the density of N(4S) and N(2D) are deduced. It is found that [N(2D)] is around 4% [N(4S)] in Lewis-Rayleigh afterglow, i.e. residence times > 10−2 s.
Widely tunable mode-locked fiber laser operating in O-band spectral region
Authors: Amouzandeh Narges , Long Pin , Légaré François , Soltanian M R K 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper investigates the generation of passive tunable mode-locked fiber laser utilizing a figure-9 configuration in a 1.3 μm spectral region. Mode-locking is achieved through reflective nonlinear amplifying loop mirror technique with nonreciprocal beam splitter. The system demonstrates stable pulse generation across a 120 nm tunable wavelength range centered at 1310 nm with a fundamental repetition rate of 12.7 MHz. The pulse duration, which can vary with changes in the repetition rate, ranges from 10.4 ns to 58.8 ns, with a 3 dB spectral bandwidth of 0.21–0.41 nm. The stable and self-start mode-locking is guaranteed by polarization controller and fiber-based phase shifter. Moreover, this achievement highlights its potential as a compact photonic source for optical communications and precision metrology.
Enhancing detection of SSVEPs using discriminant compacted network
Authors: Li Dian , Huang Yongzhi , Luo Ruixin , Zhao Lingjie , Xiao Xiaolin , Wang Kun , Yi Weibo , Xu Minpeng , Ming Dong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective. Steady-state visual evoked potential-based brain–computer interfaces (SSVEP-BCIs) have gained significant attention due to their simplicity, high signal to noise ratio and high information transfer rates (ITRs). Currently, accurate detection is a critical issue for enhancing the performance of SSVEP-BCI systems. Approach. This study proposed a novel decoding method called Discriminant Compacted Network (Dis-ComNet), which exploited the advantages of both spatial filtering and deep learning (DL). Specifically, this study enhanced SSVEP features using global template alignment and discriminant spatial pattern, and then designed a compacted temporal-spatio module (CTSM) to extract finer features. The proposed method was evaluated on a self-collected high-frequency dataset, a public Benchmark dataset and a public wearable dataset. Main Results. The results showed that Dis-ComNet significantly outperformed state-of-the-art spatial filtering methods, DL methods, and other fusion methods. Remarkably, Dis-ComNet improved the classification accuracy by 3.9%, 3.5%, 3.2%, 13.3%, 17.4%, 37.5%, and 2.5% when comparing with eTRCA, eTRCA-R, TDCA, DNN, EEGnet, Ensemble-DNN, and TRCA-Net respectively in the high-frequency dataset. The achieved results were 4.7%, 4.6%, 23.6%, 52.5%, 31.7%, and 7.0% higher than those of eTRCA, eTRCA-R, DNN, EEGnet, Ensemble-DNN, and TRCA-Net, respectively, and were comparable to those of TDCA in Benchmark dataset. The accuracy of Dis-ComNet in the wearable dataset was 9.5%, 7.1%, 36.1%, 26.3%, 15.7% and 4.7% higher than eTRCA, eTRCA-R, DNN, EEGnet, Ensemble-DNN, and TRCA-Net respectively, and comparable to TDCA. Besides, our model achieved the ITRs up to 126.0 bits/min, 236.4 bits/min and 103.6 bits/min in the high-frequency, Benchmark and the wearable datasets respectively. Significance. This study develops an effective model for the detection of SSVEPs, facilitating the development of high accuracy SSVEP-BCI systems.
CNN-BiLSTM combined with Bayesian optimization for short-term wind power prediction
Authors: Song Yahao , Wu Yajun , Duan Songtao , Dou Chendan , Liu Bei , Hou Bingxue 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aiming at the difficulty of wind power prediction due to the volatility and uncertainty of wind power generation, this paper proposes a hybrid model based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Network (BiLSTM), and optimises the model hyper-parameters using Bayesian Optimization Algorithm (BO) in order to improve the prediction accuracy. Firstly, the input features that are highly correlated with wind power are screened using the Pearson Coefficient method (PCC). Then, CNN is used to extract features from the screened data. Next, the features extracted by CNN are further processed using BiLSTM to capture the long-term dependence and bi-directional information of the time series data. Finally, the hyperparameters of the model are adjusted by BO to obtain the best prediction performance. The experimental results show that the proposed BO-CNN-BiLSTM model reduces the RMSE by 35.3%, the MAE by 46.7%, and the R2 improves by 1.5% compared with the BiLSTM model.
The study of CO2-organic solvent phase equilibrium in the SAS process
Authors: Xu Changfei , Wang Feibo , Hu Dedong , Sun Xuemei , Liu Ruisheng , Zhang Zhuo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The supercritical anti-solvent (SAS) process is a novel preparation method to enhance the low dissolution of poorly soluble drugs by reducing their particle size. The equation of state (EOS) is the most widely used method to study the phase behavior in the SAS process due to its simple expression and high prediction accuracy. This paper employed the RK, SRK, and PR EOS to calculate the phase equilibrium of three systems: CO2-toluene, CO2-DMF, and CO2-ethanol. The calculation results are then compared and analyzed with experimental data from the literature. It was found that the PR EOS has higher calculation accuracy than the RK EOS and SRK EOS. Therefore, the PR EOS is selected as the basis for determining the experimental operating conditions of the three mixtures mentioned in this article. This provides a prerequisite for the successful preparation of fine particles using SAS.
The simulation optimization of structural parameters for annular gap scrubber
Authors: Jian Jie , Jin Xin , Zhang Yushu , Jiang Qingbo , Chen Jiexue , Zhang Baocai , Ren Tingzhi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As a critical device for blast furnace gas dust removal, the development of the annular gap scrubber aims to reduce equipment pressure loss and water consumption while ensuring dust removal rate. In this study, numerical simulations of the two-phase flow field within the scrubber were conducted to calculate the pressure loss of the existing equipment under the target dust removal rate. Based on the design principles of a Venturi tube and simulation results, the scrubber’s structure was optimized. The optimized design significantly reduced pressure loss under various operating conditions, with an average reduction of over 10% and a maximum reduction of 15.83%. Additionally, dust removal performance improved at low water-gas ratios. The new design increased the gas residual pressure power generation efficiency by approximately 1.9%, resulting in an additional power output of around 200 kW. This study provides a new optimization strategy for the structural parameters of the annular gap scrubber, contributing to enhanced energy efficiency and reduced resource waste in the steel industry.
Deep neural network-based frequency cross-over amplifier design: A simulation study
Authors: Zhu Hao , Yu Haoxuan , Liu Yang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Designing frequency cross-over is important for loudspeakers to gain better control, reduce distortion, and improve efficiency. Engineers have introduced the DSP-based digital feedback FIR filter to overcome the drawbacks of analog cross-over, such as intermodulation distortion (ID) and transient intermodulation distortion (TIM). However, the digital feedback loop introduces an additional time delay (TD) and phase shift that lowers the system’s stability and elongates the relaxation time, decreasing the damping factor and the total gain. Using the deep neural network (DNN) can overcome these disadvantages. With machine learning algorithms like backward propagation, DNN can model the nonlinear response of the system and compensate them to obtain better control of the speaker with less gain loss. This work simulates a frequency cross-over using DNN and compares it to the open loop and FIR direct digital feedback amplifier (DDFA) systems. Our simulation shows that the DNN filter can approach the best filter result (FFT filter). With nonlinear load, the DNN filter can function as both frequency cross-over and distortion compensator with a great nonlinearity suppression with a time constant of 0.05 while the DDFA of 0.11 and the open loop of 0.32. The overall gain of the DNN filter (1.13) is close to the open loop (1.1) and better than the DDFA (1.25). With such superiority, DNN-based cross-over will be a good platform for designing the next-generation cross-over.
Numerical analysis of the deviation characteristics of ship wake flow fields under the combined effect of wind, wave, and current in confined waters
Authors: Huang Yilin , Sun Xiaoxiao , Zhu Jinshan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
When a vessel enters restricted waters, the hydrodynamic interactions between the hull, the seabed, and the shore, combined with the effects of wind, wave, and current, can cause significant changes in the wake field of the hull. These changes consequently impact the ship’s hydrodynamic performance and the operating conditions of the propeller. In this paper, the characterization of the wake field of a large tanker KVLCC2 under wind, wave, and current for near-shore navigation is investigated by an unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) method. The turbulence model SST k-ω is applied, releasing the three degrees of freedom of roll, trim, and sinkage. The motion with multiple degrees of freedom is simulated by the dynamic mesh technique, while the air-water interface is captured by the Volume of Fluid (VOF) multiphase flow method. The reliability of the present numerical method is first verified by comparing it with the test. Subsequently, the near-shore navigation of the ship with different ship-shore distances and different incoming currents is simulated, and the offset characteristics of the ship’s wake current field are analyzed. The results show that the ship-shore distance and the incoming flow direction will affect the offset of the wake flow field and the distribution of the companion flow number on the paddle disk, which in turn affects the propeller performance.
A spatio-temporal analysis of water investment allocation in Colombia and its impacts on drinking water quality
Authors: Castillo-Castillo Adriana , El-Khattabi Ahmed Rachid , Fernandez Jaime 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Investments in the water sector are important for economic and social development. Though the impacts of extending coverage are well-documented, the impacts of investment on water quality remain unclear. We assess the extent to which different types of investments in the water sector affect water quality from three perspectives (resource management, operation management, and water quality management) by implementing fixed effects, nonparametric fixed effects, and structural equation models. We introduce an innovative spatial index to account for investments in water treatment and sewage made by upstream municipalities. We use a panel dataset from 2009 to 2014 with nearly 400 observations at the provider-municipality level in Colombia with information on drinking water quality, and key variables that may influence it such as investment in water and sewage, poverty, and rurality. We show that improving resource allocation could enhance the effect of investment on water quality. Provider size also plays a role: investments made by providers with 100–450 employees show significant improvements, while other provider sizes do not. Finally, we show the need for investment in chemical, physical, and microbiological components that improve water quality.
Bioinks for engineering gradient-based osteochondral and meniscal tissue substitutes: a review
Authors: Heydarigoojani Mahdieh , Farokhi Maryam , Simorgh Sara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gradient tissues are anisotropic structure with gradual transition in structural and biological properties. The gradient in structural, mechanical and biochemical properties of osteochondral and meniscal tissues play a major role in defining tissue functions. Designing tissue substitutes that replicate these gradient properties is crucial to facilitate regeneration of tissue functions following injuries. Advanced manufacturing technologies such as 3D bioprinting hold great potentials for recreating gradient nature of tissues through using zone-specific bioinks and layer-by-layer deposition of spatially defined biomaterials, cell types and bioactive cues. This review highlighted the gradients in osteochondral and meniscal tissues in detail, elaborated on individual components of the bioink, and reviewed recent advancements in 3D gradient-based osteochondral and meniscal tissue substitutes. Finally, key challenges of the field and future perspectives for developing gradient-based tissue substitutes were discussed. The insights from these advances can broaden the possibilities for engineering gradient tissues.
Rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on IAGTO-VMD and Kurtosis-MIC Criterion
Authors: Li Bailin , Tang Song , Chen Siyuan , Cui Xiaolong , Fu Wenlong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The fault vibration signal of the rolling bearing is nonlinear, non-stationary, and easily disturbed by noise. Therefore, the rolling bearing fault diagnosis is difficult. In this paper, a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on the improved Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimizer-variational mode decomposition (IAGTO-VMD) and kurtosis-maximal information coefficient (MIC) criterion is proposed. Firstly, in order to improve the ability of Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimizer (AGTO) to get rid of the local optimal solution and the convergence speed, several improvement strategies are introduced into AGTO. Secondly, the parameters K and α of VMD are optimized adaptively through IAGTO. The vibration signals are decomposed by the optimized VMD, and a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) are obtained. Thirdly, to solve the problem that the kurtosis is easily affected by strong interference components and outliers, a kurtosis-MIC criterion is proposed. The IMFs containing abundant fault feature information can be more effectively selected and reconstructed by the kurtosis-MIC criterion. Finally, bearing fault diagnosis is achieved by Convolutional Neural Network, and the dataset is constructed based on the reconstructed signals. The calculation results of the benchmark functions indicate that IAGTO has excellent convergence accuracy and convergence speed. The simulation results show that the proposed method can increase the SNR from -7.9989 dB to 1.7681 dB. The average fault diagnosis accuracies of the proposed method on two experimental datasets are 97.675% and 99.625%, respectively. They are at least 1.25% and 2% higher than the results based on other methods, respectively. Moreover, in the noise resistance experiments, the accuracy of the proposed method is higher than that of other methods. The above results demonstrate the feasibility, superiority and robustness of the proposed method in fault feature extraction and fault diagnosis.
Domain knowledge-based deterministic graph traversal method for white blood cell classification
Authors: P Jeneessha , Balasubramanian Vinoth Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
White blood cells (WBCs) play a crucial role in human immunity by defending the body against harmful antigens. Classifying WBCs into their five distinct types provides valuable information for assessing human health and identifying various medical conditions. Computer vision models in the literature utilize machine learning and deep learning techniques, to attain high classification accuracy, but they involve complex architectures. In contrast, the proposed work leverages domain knowledge about WBCs to construct a directed graph and applies a deterministic traversal method to the graph to perform classification. The proposed method is trained and tested using multiple datasets namely, the Blood Cell Count and Detection (BCCD) and LISC datasets to evaluate the performance on varying datasets. The performance metrics include accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, achieving 99.13% accuracy, 99.25% precision, 99.25% recall, and 99.25% F1 score, on the BCCD dataset. 97.05% accuracy, 97.04% precision, 96.93% recall, and 96.94% F1 score on the LISC dataset making it efficient for WBC classification task.
A variant of Maclaurin’s inequality
Authors: Tao Terence 
Published: January 2025

The classical Maclaurin inequality asserts that the elementary symmetric means

s
k

(
y
)
≔

1

(

n
k

)

∑

1
≤

i
1

>
⋯
>

i
k

≤
n

y

i
1

…

y

i
k

\begin{equation*} s_k(y) ≔\frac {1}{\binom {n}{k}} \sum _{1 \leq i_1 > \dots > i_k \leq n} y_{i_1} \dots y_{i_k} \end{equation*}

obey the inequality

s
ℓ

(
y

)

1

/

ℓ

≤

s
k

(
y

)

1

/

k

s_\ell (y)^{1/\ell } \leq s_k(y)^{1/k}

whenever

1
≤
k
≤
ℓ
≤
n

1 \leq k \leq \ell \leq n

and

y
=
(

y
1

,
…
,

y
n

)

y = (y_1,\dots ,y_n)

consists of nonnegative reals. We establish a variant

|

s
ℓ

(
y
)

|

1
ℓ

≪

ℓ

1

/

2

k

1

/

2

max
(

|

s
k

(
y
)

|

1
k

,

|

s

k
+
1

(
y
)

|

1

k
+
1

)

\begin{equation*} |s_\ell (y)|^{\frac {1}{\ell }} \ll \frac {\ell ^{1/2}}{k^{1/2}} \max (|s_k(y)|^{\frac {1}{k}}, |s_{k+1}(y)|^{\frac {1}{k+1}}) \end{equation*}

of this inequality in which the

y
i

y_i

are permitted to be negative. In this regime the inequality is sharp up to constants. Such an inequality was previously known without the

k

1

/

2

k^{1/2}

factor in the denominator.
Annihilating Facticity
Authors: Bruno G Anthony 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chapter 2 traces the origin of Fichte’s neologism from his early Berlin texts, showing that ‘facticity’ refers to the same intolerable radical contingency to which his logical innovation in Jena is the intended solution. Next, the chapter demonstrates the methodological continuity between the Jena and Berlin presentations of the Wissenschaftslehre, which consistently divide this system into two parts, namely, the intellectual intuition or ‘insight’ into the I as first principle and the genetic deduction or ‘genesis’ of the conditions of the I’s intelligibility in experience. The chapter then details Fichte’s observation in the 1804 spring lectures in Berlin that his own doctrine of intellectual intuition contains an ideal form, namely, the thought of the I, and a real content, namely, the intuition of the I, that are factically and thus unacceptably presupposed; it then reconstructs his genetic deduction of this form and content from the I itself. The chapter concludes by observing that although Heidegger shares the anti-nihilistic spirit of Fichte’s idealism, they endorse diametrically opposed conceptions of facticity. This anticipates the full analysis of the advantage and promise of Heidegger’s hermeneutics of facticity in Part III.
Hiatus Irrationalis
Authors: Bruno G Anthony 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chapter 5 considers Lask’s claim that Fichte coins ‘facticity’ to name the limit of genetic deduction, namely, the material particularity of individuals that resists deductions from the I. Next, it shows that Lask mistakes the task of a genetic deduction and thereby mistakes the problem that Fichte’s neologism names. The problem is not the haecceity of individuals, which I call their ‘material facticity,’ but is rather the rhapsodic determination of the conditions of intelligibility, which I call their ‘formal facticity.’ This alone explains Fichte’s explicit, repeated commitment to expunging facticity as far as possible from the Wissenschaftslehre. The chapter then shows that, despite his misreading, Lask’s conception of the facticity of individuals’ existence prefigures Heidegger’s conception of the facticity of Dasein’s existence yet does not obstruct the latter’s phenomenological critique of what I call Fichte’s ‘rationalist recoil from facticity.’ The chapter concludes by introducing Dilthey’s conception of the hermeneutical method and explaining why, according to Heidegger, it demands a turn toward a hermeneutics of the facticity of Dasein.
Conclusion
Authors: Trencsényi Balázs 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The concluding chapter compares the interwar discourses of crisis and the post-2000 uses of the concept while seeking to analyze the underlying temporalities that shape political ideologies and systems. In this context, it explores the genealogical and structural links of the dominant neoliberal and populist ideological contenders of liberal democracy and the interwar discursive frameworks. At the same time, it also points to a transformation of these underlying temporalities: it is not so much the past and the future (notwithstanding the proliferation of catastrophic scenarios) that is the center of attention, but rather the present, which expands backward and forward as well. In this context, authoritarian projects, often combining populist and neoliberal elements, also seek to “rule the present” by perpetuating the crisis they promise to contain. From this perspective, the book argues that we should not abandon the discourse of crisis to the use of these authoritarian contenders. Rather, we must seek to reframe it to carve out a self-reflective, self-critical (but not self-destructive) position maintaining the compatibility of liberalism and democracy, thus also contributing to the “reopening” of the future for political imagination and action.