bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in serum levels of pain mediators in hemiplegic shoulder pain
Authors: Lei Mincong , Wang Yidi , Chen Qian , Huang Peng , Li Yige , Jia Yuanyuan , Meng Dianhuai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo provide a new insight into the diagnosis and treatment of hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) by investigating changes in serum pain mediators.DesignCross‐sectional study.Subjects/patientsShoulder pain group (n = 34) and control group (n = 21).MethodsPain‐free shoulder mobility, anxiety status, depression status, and shoulder pain were measured by passive range of motion (PROM), self‐rating anxiety scale, self‐rating depression scale (SDS), and visual analog scale, respectively. The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to test the serum pain mediators, including interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐6, IL‐10, nerve growth factor (NGF), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), bradykinin (BK), 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA).ResultsShoulder pain group pain‐free PROM significantly lower than control (p < .01), and SDS index score of shoulder pain group was significantly higher than control (p < .05). The rate of spasticity in the flexor elbow muscles is higher in shoulder pain group (p < .01). CGRP, IL‐10, and IL‐2 were significantly upregulated in shoulder pain group compared with control (p < .01), whereas NGF, TNF‐α, IL‐6, 5‐HT, PGE2, SP, LPA, BK, and IL‐1β were significantly decreased (p < .01).ConclusionPatients with HSP have a higher risk of joint mobility disorders and depression; spasticity may be an important factor in the development of shoulder pain; CGRP is thought to be the major pain mediator in HSP, and HSP may not be inflammatory.
Functional brain changes after alternative pharmacological interventions in posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review of clinical trials
Authors: Lotfinia Shahab , Afshar Amin , Yaseri Aram , Olff Miranda , Quidé Yann 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex and heterogeneous mental health condition that can develop after exposure to a traumatic event. Clinical trials have used alternative pharmacological agents to treat PTSD, but their associated neural correlates remain unclear. The present systematic review aims to summarize the changes in brain function associated with the use of these alternative pharmacological agents in PTSD.MethodsClinical trials using functional magnetic resonance imaging, either at rest or during the performance of tasks, were included if they compared the effects of alternative pharmacological agents between PTSD patients and either trauma‐exposed controls or never‐exposed healthy controls.ResultsSixteen studies were included, of which 11 used intranasal oxytocin, 2 used hydrocortisone, and 3 used delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Oxytocin administration was associated with the normalization of functional connectivity between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala as well as enhanced the function of brain regions specifically involved in emotion processing (e.g., amygdala), working memory (e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), and reward (e.g., putamen). Hydrocortisone did not influence brain function at rest or during the performance of an autobiographical memory task, whereas THC was associated with the reduction of the amygdala and increased medial prefrontal cortex activation.ConclusionsThis systematic review identified preliminary evidence for normalizing brain function after the use of alternative pharmacological agents. Importantly, sex‐specific differences were noted, in particular when using oxytocin, that will require further investigation.
Psychopathology and history of mental healthcare among male detainees transferred to a facility for managing otherwise uncontrollable in‐prison violence: An exploratory study
Authors: van der Vorst Ellen , Kuin Niki C. , van Koppen Vere , Harte Joke M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn‐prison violence by detainees is a problem worldwide, but despite evidence of a much higher prevalence of a range of psychiatric disorders than in the general population, little is known about psychopathology among violent detainees.AimsOur aim was to explore the psychopathology and mental healthcare history of Dutch detainees who were transferred to the highly restrictive facility for uncontrollably violent detainees following severe in‐prison violence.MethodsAnonymised data for all 253 male detainees incarcerated at any time between January 2016 and January 2020 in the specialist national facility for those seriously violent while in prison—‘the Violence Facility’—were obtained from the Dutch Ministry of Justice together with similarly recorded data for a matched comparison group of 253 detainees admitted to an in‐prison psychiatric facility—‘the Psychiatric Facility’.ResultsThere was no record of any psychiatric assessment for 29% of the Violence Facility men. Almost all of the detainees who had been assessed were classified with at least one disorder. Compared to detainees in the Psychiatric Facility, Violence Facility men were more likely to be diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, behavioural and personality disorders; Psychiatric Facility men were more likely to be diagnosed with psychosis or substance use disorder. Most men in both groups had previously used mental health services.ConclusionsThis first study of detainees in the Dutch in‐prison facility for violent detainees raises questions about whether the extent of violence among these men may have masked mental healthcare needs and leads to questions about potential benefits from establishing more systematic mental health assessments for them, and a need for more specialist services.
Delayed cerebellar ataxia induced by Plasmodium falciparum malaria: A rare complication
Authors: Siddig Emmanuel Edwar , Misbah El‐Sadig Sarah , Eltigani Hala Fathi , Musa Ahmed Mudawi , Mohamed Nouh Saad , Ahmed Ayman 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageIn endemic areas, malaria‐induced cerebellar ataxia should be suspected in patients presenting with neurological disorders including slurred speech, tremors, and a sense of imbalance and dizziness while walking. Healthcare providers should be aware to properly investigate and early detect and manage infections associated with the development of cerebellar ataxia to improve the case management and clinical outcome cost‐effectively.AbstractHere, we report the clinical manifestations, investigations, and outcomes of a patient developed delayed cerebellar ataxia following a malaria infection: an unusual complication of the disease. This report highlights the diagnostic challenges in a country endemic with several infectious diseases, yet it has a limited diagnostic and surveillance capacity.
A case report on rare finding of microfilaria in pus sample of an ulcer over elephantiasis leg
Authors: Adhikary Manoj , Pandey Kshitiz , Lamichhane Sadikchya , Pandey Pratik 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageSkin ulcerations are a significant cause of morbidity and can be challenging to manage. Among the various causes of chronic non‐healing ulcers, lymphedema is also considered a possible diagnosis in countries such as Nepal. Lymphatic filariasis has been a significant public health issue in endemic areas. Wuchereria bancrofti is a common nematode parasite that causes lymphatic filariasis. Excessive retention of lymphatic fluid in the interstitial compartment can cause localized tissue swelling, known as lymphedema, which is caused by impaired lymphatic drainage. Microfilariae can be detected in peripheral blood, body fluids, and needle aspirates. Microfilaria is not commonly found in ulcers on elephantiasis legs. We discuss here a case of 73‐year‐old women with elephantiasis legs with pus discharging ulcers in the thighs. Microscopic examination of pus discharge revealed microfilaria which highlights the importance of pus examination as diagnostic modality in endemic countries.
Genomic ancestry in kidney cancer: Correlations with clinical and molecular features
Authors: Kotecha Ritesh R. , Knezevic Andrea , Arora Kanika , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Kuo Fengshen , Carlo Maria I. , Fitzgerald Kelly N. , Feldman Darren R. , Shah Neil J. , Reznik Ed , Hakimi A. Ari , Carrot‐Zhang Jian , Mandelker Diana , Berger Michael , Lee Chung‐Han , Motzer Robert J. , Voss Martin H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionGenetic ancestry (GA) refers to population hereditary patterns that contribute to phenotypic differences seen among race/ethnicity groups, and differences among GA groups may highlight unique biological determinants that add to our understanding of health care disparities.MethodsA retrospective review of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was performed and correlated GA with clinicopathologic, somatic, and germline molecular data. All patients underwent next‐generation sequencing of normal and tumor DNA using Memorial Sloan Kettering‐Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets, and contribution of African (AFR), East Asian (EAS), European (EUR), Native American, and South Asian (SAS) ancestry was inferred through supervised ADMIXTURE. Molecular data was compared across GA groups by Fisher exact test and Kruskal–Wallis test.ResultsIn 953 patients with RCC, the GA distribution was: EUR (78%), AFR (4.9%), EAS (2.5%), SAS (2%), Native American (0.2%), and Admixed (12.2%). GA distribution varied by tumor histology and international metastatic RCC database consortium disease risk status (intermediate‐poor: EUR 58%, AFR 88%, EAS 74%, and SAS 73%). Pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline variants in cancer‐predisposition genes varied (16% EUR, 23% AFR, 8% EAS, and 0% SAS), and most occurred in CHEK2 in EUR (3.1%) and FH in AFR (15.4%). In patients with clear cell RCC, somatic alteration incidence varied with significant enrichment in BAP1 alterations (EUR 17%, AFR 50%, SAS 29%; p = .01). Comparing AFR and EUR groups within The Cancer Genome Atlas, significant differences were identified in angiogenesis and inflammatory pathways.ConclusionDifferences in clinical and molecular data by GA highlight population‐specific variations in patients with RCC. Exploration of both genetic and nongenetic variables remains critical to optimize efforts to overcome health‐related disparities.
Blueshift in Trifurcated Hydrogen Bonds: A Tradeoff between Tetrel Bonding and Steric Repulsion
Authors: de Azevedo Santos Lucas , van der Voort Storm , Burema Shiri R. , Fonseca Guerra Célia , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe have quantum chemically investigated the origin of the atypical blueshift of the H−C bond stretching frequency in the hydrogen‐bonded complex X−•••H3C−Y (X, Y=F, Cl, Br, I), as compared to the corresponding redshift occurring in Cl−•••H3N and Cl−•••H3C−H, using relativistic density functional theory (DFT) at ZORA‐BLYP‐D3(BJ)/QZ4P. Previously, this blueshift was attributed, among others, to the contraction of the H−C bonds as the H3C moiety becomes less pyramidal. Herein, we provide quantitative evidence that, instead, the blueshift arises from a direct and strong X−•••C interaction of the HOMO of A− with the backside lobe on carbon of the low‐lying C−Y antibonding σ* LUMO of the H3C−Y fragment. This X−•••C bond, in essence a tetrel bond, pushes the H atoms towards a shorter H−C distance and makes the H3C moiety more planar. The blueshift may, therefore, serve as a diagnostic for tetrel bonding.
A case of delayed perforation after cold snare polypectomy treated conservatively by endoscopic clip closure
Authors: Iida Toshifumi , Minato Yohei , Banjoya Susumu , Kimura Tomoya , Furuta Koichi , Nagae Shinya , Ito Yohei , Yamazaki Hiroshi , Takeuchi Nao , Takayanagi Shunya , Kano Yuki , Sakuno Takashi , Ono Kohei , Ohata Ken 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe present the case of a 45‐year‐old man who underwent a screening total colonoscopy and developed delayed perforation after a cold snare polypectomy in the descending colon and sigmoid colon. The patient developed abdominal pain and was referred to our department for further evaluation and treatment. On clinical examination, we noted lower abdominal tenderness, mild rebound pain, and elevated levels of inflammatory markers. Abdominal contrast‐enhanced computed tomography confirmed the presence of free air in the abdomen. Since there were no signs of peritoneal inflammation and the vital signs were stable, we planned to perform endoscopic clip closure of the perforated area. The patient's symptoms improved with conservative management thereafter, including fasting, fluid replacement, and antibiotic administration. The patient was discharged on the 6th hospital day. In this case report, we discuss the usefulness of endoscopic clip closure in managing delayed perforation.
Forest restoration treatments indirectly diversify pollination networks via floral‐ and temperature‐mediated effects
Authors: Davies Cora B. , Davis Thomas Seth , Griswold Terry 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn North American conifer forests, a variety of federally initiated thinning programs are implemented to restore pre‐European settlement forest structures, but these changes may impact ecosystem function via impacts on sensitive biotic communities. Across the wildland–urban interface of the Front Range region of Colorado, agencies associated with the Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program (CFLRP) have implemented thinning treatments across thousands of hectares of ponderosa pine forest; here we leverage these treatments as an experimental framework to examine thinning effects on a pollinator community. We measured variation in forest structure and sampled bee community assemblages using multiple methods (trapping and netting) to compare bee biodiversity and patterns of floral visitation by bees (bee–flower networks) between mechanically thinned stands that were 3–10 years after treatment and nonthinned stands. Three key findings emerged: (1) Native bee abundance, richness, and diversity were 120%, 53%, and 37% greater, respectively, in thinned stands. In addition, nestedness, richness, and abundance of bee–flower interactions were all substantially higher in thinned stands, and there was increased functional redundancy in bee assemblages after thinning. (2) Structural equation modeling indicated that variation in temperature and floral abundance were mediated by canopy openness and correlated with bee richness and abundance, thereby indirectly driving variation in bee–flower interactions. (3) Four floral species (Penstemon virens,Cerastium arvense,Erysimum capitatum, andGeranium caespitosum) were identified as key connectors in bee–flower interaction networks, though these were not necessarily the most abundant flowering plants. Our analyses indicate that native bee α‐diversity and bee–flower interactions positively responded to thinning treatments, and these effects were indirectly driven by canopy removal. We conclude that CFLRP treatments have conservation value for native bee communities. Further monitoring is warranted to evaluate the longevity of these effects.
Sex differences in cholesterol and triglyceride levels among hospitalized adolescents and young adults with eating disorders
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Chaphekar Anita V. , Vargas Ruben , Nguyen Anthony , Downey Amanda E. , Patel Khushi P. , Ganson Kyle T. , Stuart Elena , Vendlinski Siena , Buckelew Sara M. , Garber Andrea K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine sex differences in cholesterol and triglyceride levels among adolescents and young adults hospitalized for medical complications of eating disorders.MethodsA retrospective electronic medical record review of patients aged 9–25 years admitted to the University of California, San Francisco Eating Disorders Program for medical stabilization, between 2012 and 2020, was conducted. Non‐fasting total cholesterol and triglycerides were collected; however, LDL and HDL levels were not available.ResultsAmong 83 males and 441 females, mean ± SD age was 15.5 ± 2.8 years, 64.1% had anorexia nervosa, and admission percent median body mass index was 87.3 ± 13.9. The proportion of males and females with high total cholesterol (13.3% vs. 18.1%, Cramer's V = 0.05, p = .28) and high triglyceride levels (9.6% vs. 8.1%, Cramer's V = 0.02, p = .63) did not differ. Mean total cholesterol levels were higher in females compared to males (F 169.6 ± 41.1 mg/dL vs. M 154.5 ± 45.1 mg/dL, Cohen's d = 0.36, p = .003), although a majority were within the normal range. In adjusted linear regression models, male (compared to female) sex (B = −14.40, 95% CI −24.54, −4.27) and higher percent median body mass index (B = −0.33, 95% CI −0.60, −0.06) were associated with lower total cholesterol levels in adjusted models (R2 = 0.04).DiscussionBuilding on prior work showing equally severe complications of eating disorders in males compared to females, we did not find sex differences in those presenting with high total cholesterol or triglycerides. Future research is needed to understand the pathophysiology and role of dyslipidemia in acute malnutrition, and the impact of nutritional rehabilitation and weight restoration.Public SignificanceWe found that the proportion of male and female adolescents and young adults hospitalized for medical complications of an eating disorder with high total cholesterol did not significantly differ. Although average total cholesterol levels were higher in female compared to male patients with eating disorders, a majority of these levels remained within the normal range. Patients with more severe malnutrition had a higher risk of elevated total cholesterol levels. Clinicians should consider monitoring cholesterol levels in young people hospitalized for restrictive eating disorders.
Comparative transcriptomics reveals that a novel form of phenotypic plasticity evolved via lineage‐specific changes in gene expression
Authors: Isdaner Andrew J. , Levis Nicholas A. , Pfennig David W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNovel forms of phenotypic plasticity may evolve by lineage‐specific changes or by co‐opting mechanisms from more general forms of plasticity. Here, we evaluated whether a novel resource polyphenism in New World spadefoot toads (genus Spea) evolved by co‐opting mechanisms from an ancestral form of plasticity common in anurans—accelerating larval development rate in response to pond drying. We compared overlap in differentially expressed genes between alternative trophic morphs constituting the polyphenism in Spea versus those found between tadpoles of Old World spadefoot toads (genus Pelobates) when experiencing different pond‐drying regimes. Specifically, we (1) generated a de novo transcriptome and conducted differential gene expression analysis in Spea multiplicata, (2) utilized existing gene expression data and a recently published transcriptome for Pelobates cultripes when exposed to different drying regimes, and (3) identified unique and overlapping differentially expressed transcripts. We found thousands of differentially expressed genes between S. multiplicata morphs that were involved in major developmental reorganization, but the vast majority of these were not differentially expressed in P. cultripes. Thus, S. multiplicata's novel polyphenism appears to have arisen primarily through lineage‐specific changes in gene expression and not by co‐opting existing patterns of gene expression involved in pond‐drying plasticity. Therefore, although ancestral stress responses might jump‐start evolutionary innovation, substantial lineage‐specific modification might be needed to refine these responses into more complex forms of plasticity.
Single‐cell phenotyping of bacteria combined with deep sequencing for improved contextualization of microbiome analyses
Authors: Budzinski Lisa , von Goetze Victoria , Chang Hyun‐Dong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGreat effort was made to characterize the bacterial communities inhabiting the human body as a factor in disease, resulting in the realization that a wide spectrum of diseases is associated with an altered composition of the microbiome. However, the identification of disease‐relevant bacteria has been hindered by the high cross‐sectional diversity of individual microbiomes, and in most cases, it remains unclear whether the observed alterations are cause or consequence of disease. Hence, innovative analysis approaches are required that enable inquiries of the microbiome beyond mere taxonomic cataloging. This review highlights the utility of microbiota flow cytometry, a single‐cell analysis platform to directly interrogate cellular interactions, cell conditions, and crosstalk with the host's immune system within the microbiome to take into consideration the role of microbes as critical interaction partners of the host and the spectrum of microbiome alterations, beyond compositional changes. In conjunction with advanced sequencing approaches it could reveal the genetic potential of target bacteria and advance our understanding of taxonomic diversity and gene usage in the context of the microenvironment. Single‐cell bacterial phenotyping has the potential to change our perspective on the human microbiome and empower microbiome research for the development of microbiome‐based therapy approaches and personalized medicine.
Optimal operation and control of smart energy systems
Authors: Hui Hongxun , Chen Tao , Wang Han , Wang Sheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis editorial provides a summary of the topics and papers selected for the Special Issue on “optimal operation and control of smart energy systems”. After undergoing a rigorous review process, 10 papers have been accepted for publication. These papers cover various aspects of smart energy systems and are distributed as follows: control strategy of distributed resources (two papers), optimal operation of energy systems under uncertainties (three papers), defect detection and risk evaluation of energy systems (two papers), low‐carbon economical energy systems (three papers). The Guest Editorial Board hopes this Special Issue can provide valuable information for future research and advancements in the field of optimal operation and control of smart energy systems.
A synthesis of available detrital zircon data from the Qilian‐Qaidam‐Kunlun collage, northern Tibet
Authors: He Weidong , Sun Jiaopeng , Dong Yunpeng , Qian Tao , Wang Teng , He Lei , Qi Yukun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this article, we present a brief introduction to the procedure, methods and results of the collection and summarization of an updated detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology database for the Qilian‐Qaidam‐Kunlun collage in northern Tibet. A total of 620 samples with 59,830 raw data were compiled from 121 published papers, including 70 samples with in‐situ detrital zircon Lu–Hf isotopes. Samples from seven different geologic subunits are categorized. For sediments with different ages of deposition, we highlight the characteristics of age spans, probability density distributions, major peaks and εHf(t) values. Further syntheses of this metadata collection, the detailed raw data of which will be periodically accessible in the Deep‐Time Digital Earth repository, would be effectively applied to a variety of scientific attempts concerning the geologic history of the Qilian‐Qaidam‐Kunlun collage, in particular, provenance analyses, crustal evolution studies and supercontinent reconstructions.