bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Outcomes in Initial and Sustained Orthostatic Hypotension: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Geng Hui , Fang Dingfeng , Chen Xiahuan , Liu Meilin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTClassic orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common geriatric disorder and is associated with cardiovascular risk. There is so far too few data available on the prognostic importance of initial OH and the comparison with sustained OH. This study investigated cardiovascular outcomes in initial and sustained OH in a cohort of patients aged ≥50 years. The study included 435 participants; 94 (21.6%) patients had initial (43, 45.7%) or sustained (51, 54.3%) OH, diagnosed by an active orthostatic test using the CNAP monitor. The median follow‐up period was 65 months (inter‐quartile range, 30 to 71). One hundred and fifty‐nine (36.6%) of the patients had the primary outcome (a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE] and death from any cause), among which 142 (32.6%) had MACE, and 21 (4.8%) died. Analysis through Kaplan–Meier and further Cox regression models for multivariable adjustment both showed that, initial OH increased both the risk of the primary outcome and MACE (HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.50; HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.48 to 3.84), while didn't increase the mortality. In contrast, sustained OH increased both the risk of the primary outcome and MACE (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.69; HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.70), as well as the mortality (HR 3.32, 95% CI 1.29 to 8.50). In conclusion, the preliminary exploration of this relatively small‐sample study indicates that, OH, no matter initial or sustained OH, increased the cardiovascular risk in patients aged ≥50 years, while only sustained OH increased the risk of mortality.
Associations of microRNA Gene Polymorphisms With Salt Sensitivity, Longitudinal Blood Pressure Changes, and Hypertension Incidence in the Chinese Population
Authors: Zhang Xi , Yao Shi , Wang Yang , Chu Chao , Du Mingfei , Mu Jianjun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous RNA molecules that play an essential role in various disease processes including elevated blood pressure (BP). Although the effects of dietary salt and potassium intake on BP regulation have been established, their co‐interaction with miRNAs are still unclear. The purpose of the current study was to explore the connection between miRNA gene polymorphisms and BP response to salt and potassium intake, and the relationship between miRNA gene polymorphisms and long‐term BP changes and hypertension development. A total of 333 participants underwent a chronic sodium‐potassium dietary intervention trial, which included a 3‐day normal diet, followed by a 7‐day low‐salt diet, then a 7‐day high‐salt diet, and finally a 7‐day high‐salt with potassium‐supplemented diet. This cohort was subsequently followed for up to 14 years. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs115254818 in miR‐26b‐3p, rs11191676 and rs2292807 in miR‐1307‐5p, and rs4143957 in miR‐382‐5p were significantly correlated with systolic BP (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses to high‐salt intake, whereas rs11191676 and rs2292807 in miR‐1307‐5p exhibited significant associations with SBP response to potassium‐supplemented diet. Furthermore, SNPs rs2070960 in miR‐3620‐5p and rs12364149 in miR‐210‐3p demonstrated significant correlations with diastolic BP and MAP alterations at 14 years of follow‐up. Generalized linear mixed model analysis revealed a significant association between rs2070960 in miR‐3620‐5p and hypertension development over a 14‐year period. Our study indicates that miRNA gene polymorphisms are pivotal in the salt and potassium sensitivity of BP, as well as in the longitudinal BP progression and hypertension incidence.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02734472
Toward a consensus on dyslexia: findings from a Delphi study
Authors: Carroll Julia M. , Holden Caroline , Kirby Philip , Thompson Paul A. , Snowling Margaret J. ,   the Dyslexia Delphi Panel
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDyslexia is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. There have been many definitions over the past century, and debate continues as to how dyslexia should be defined. This debate contributes to confusion and misinformation. We move beyond the debate by establishing areas of consensus among a wide range of experts.MethodsWe conducted a Delphi study with a panel of dyslexia experts, including academics, specialist teachers, educational psychologists, and individuals with dyslexia, asking them for their views on a set of key statements about dyslexia. We carried out two survey rounds, in each case accepting statements with greater than 80% consensus and reviewing and revising other statements using feedback from the expert panel. This was followed by discussion with a subset of the panel around a few statements with marginal consensus.ResultsForty‐two statements were ultimately accepted. In the current paper we review those statements that pertain to a definition of dyslexia, demonstrate how they align with the research literature, and build on previous definitions of dyslexia.ConclusionsThere was considerable consensus in our expert panel that dyslexia is a difficulty in reading and spelling, associated with multiple factors, and that it frequently co‐occurs with other developmental disorders. It was agreed that difficulties in reading fluency and spelling are key markers of dyslexia across different ages and languages. We conclude with a proposed new definition of dyslexia.
Protozoan Co‐Infection Drives Fish Mortality Event in Crete's Karteros River
Authors: Katharios Pantelis , Karageorgou Evangelia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn August 2024, a significant fish kill involving hundreds of flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) was reported in the delta region of the Karteros River, Crete, Greece. The investigation identified the primary cause of mortality as severe parasitic infections, specifically from the protozoan parasites Amyloodinium ocellatum and Trichodina sp., both of which heavily affected the gills of the fish. Concurrently, poor water quality in the area, likely due to reduced water volume and limited water renewal, created favourable conditions for parasite proliferation while weakening the fish's natural defences. This event raised concerns due to the location of the fish kill in the Karteros River delta, a highly protected area designated as a small island wetland.
Upregulation of FMRP Is Involved in Neuropathic Pain by Regulating GluN2B Activation in Rat Spinal Cord
Authors: Chen Lei , Guo Xuejiao , Zhang Long , Li Yunze , Zhou Li , Zhao Jinsong , Luo Yujia , Hu Yanling , Chen Xiaowei , Kang Xianhui , Fang Xiangming , Feng Zhiying 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) has been proposed to play a potential role in the pathogenesis of autonomy and nociceptive paresthesia. However, the involvement of spinal FMRP in neuropathic pain remains unexplored. Using a rat model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI), our investigation demonstrated an upregulation of FMRP at 3, 7, and 14 days post‐CCI operation in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH). Immunofluorescence staining revealed predominant FMRP expression in spinal neurons, which colocalized with Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor NMDA Type Subunit 2B (GluN2B). The Co‐immunoprecipitation results suggested an interaction between spinal FMRP and GluN2B. Genetic knockout of the Fmr1 gene or transient interference with the FMRP protein alleviated CCI‐induced pain hypersensitivity and suppressed the increase in spinal GluN2B expression. Conversely, intrathecal administration of the GluN2B‐specific inhibitor Ifenprodil significantly suppressed the CCI‐induced increase in spinal FMRP expression. In conclusion, our findings highlight the pivotal role of spinal FMRP in developing neuropathic pain and modulating GluN2B levels within the SDH. Furthermore, our results suggest a reciprocal regulatory relationship, indicating that GluN2B may also influence FMRP expression. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain, suggesting the potential for therapeutic intervention targeting the FMRP‐GluN2B axis in pain management.image
The Central Role of Learning in Preventing Foot Complications in Persons With Diabetes: A Scoping Review
Authors: Björk Kristofer , Andersson Susanne , Hellstrand Tang Ulla , Eriksson Henrik 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite a variety of literature reviews, there is limited understanding of the learning strategies healthcare professionals use to help patients adopt and maintain effective foot care practices.AimTo explore learning processes and educational strategies for persons with diabetes focusing on foot care and examine how different learning processes influence these strategies.MethodThe scoping review followed the methodological framework established by Arksey and O'Malley and refined by Levac et al. Additionally, the PRISMA‐ScR checklist was followed. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE and Academic Search Premier databases, using specific search terms related to diabetic foot care and learning strategies. The selection process involved screening 906 articles based on inclusion criteria such as relevance to diabetic foot care, learning processes, and educational strategies, and excluded studies that were not written in English. The data were charted and quantitative and qualitative data were synthesised and thematically analysed to identify key learning strategies.ResultsThe analysis identified two main themes: learning insights for comprehensive understanding and self‐efficacy, and increased practical knowledge leads to improved footcare. Subthemes included integrative and reflective learning, motivational and collaborative learning, task‐oriented and procedural learning, and feedback and reinforcement‐based learning.ConclusionEffective diabetic foot care education should be multifaceted, incorporating deep learning, practical skills, and motivational elements. Early learning plays a central role in this process. Tailoring educational interventions to personal learning styles and providing continuous support can significantly improve patients' foot care outcomes. A framework for understanding the progressive stages of patient learning and self‐management is presented as a starting point. Future research should focus on developing and evaluating educational models that address diverse learning needs, ultimately contributing to better management and prevention of diabetic foot complications.
Detaching From the Nine‐to‐Five: How Retirement and Genetics Are Related to Chronotype
Authors: Landvreugd Anne , Gordijn Marijke , Nivard Michel , Bartels Meike 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOur sleep–wake rhythm is determined by the interaction of our work–life balance, that is, the ‘social clock’, and our biological clock. After retirement, the social restrictions generally loosen up, possibly giving more room for our genetic predispositions to regulate the sleep–wake rhythm. In this study, we investigated shifts in wake‐up times and chronotypes during employment and retirement. We used data from 20,189 participants from the Netherlands Twin Register. We applied a mixed‐effects model to test whether the type of day (working day or non‐working day) is a predictor of wake‐up time in early birds and late risers. Next, we performed a regression to assess the prevalence of chronotypes in employees and retirees. Then, we tested whether the two groups differed in their wake‐up times on working days and non‐working days using quantile regression. Finally, we used polygenic scores for morningness to predict the variance in chronotype in employees and retirees. Both early and late risers have later wake‐up times on non‐working days compared to working days. Employment status was not a predictor of chronotype, but rather of wake‐up time on working days. The effect of the polygenic score for morningness on chronotype did not depend on employment status. Our study showed that the social clock influences wake‐up time on working days, but not chronotype, making chronotype a relatively stable trait. Additionally, the social clock does not suppress the genetic predisposition for chronotype. These analyses enhance our understanding of how both society and genetics influence our chronotype and sleep–wake rhythm.
Overcoming Ploidy Barriers: The Role of Triploid Bridges in the Genetic Introgression of Cardamine amara
Authors: Bartolić P. , Voltrová A. , Macková L. , Šrámková G. , Šlenker M. , Mandáková T. , Padilla García N. , Marhold K. , Kolář F. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPolyploidisation is a significant reproductive barrier, yet genetic evidence indicates that interploidy admixture is more common than previously thought. Theoretical models and controlled crosses support the ‘triploid bridge’ hypothesis, proposing that hybrids of intermediate ploidy facilitate gene flow. However, comprehensive evidence combining experimental and genetic data from natural mixed‐ploidy species is missing. Here, we investigated the rates and directionality of gene flow within a diploid‐autotetraploid contact zone of Cardamine amara, a species with abundant natural triploids. We cytotyped over 400 individuals in the field, conducted reciprocal interploidy crosses, and inferred gene flow based on genome‐wide sequencing of 84 individuals. Triploids represent a conspicuous entity in mixed‐ploidy populations (5%), yet only part of them arose through interploidy hybridisation. Despite being rarely formed, triploid hybrids can backcross with their parental cytotypes, producing viable offspring that are often euploid (in 42% of cases). In correspondence, D‐statistics and coalescent simulations documented a significant genome‐wide signal of bidirectional gene flow in sympatric but not allopatric populations. Triploids, though rare, thus seem to play a key role in overcoming polyploidy‐related reproductive barriers in C. amara. In sum, we present integrative evidence for interploidy gene flow mediated by a triploid bridge in natural populations.
Introduction: What are pretty words?
Authors: Syvertsen Jennifer , McMullin Juliet 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFunding agencies and institutions are increasingly requiring researchers to involve communities and make their work more broadly accessible. The problem is that researchers new to health equity research, and sometimes even people who have engaged in this work for a while, may not sufficiently appreciate the challenges and systemic institutional transformations that must occur to achieve equity. To make pretty words meaningful requires a return to the transformative power and potential that was originally imbued in the concept of equity. The implementation of pretty words as a process that requires a relational framework and a commitment beyond ink on paper is central to our intervention. This special section of Annals of Anthropological Practice opens up a critical dialogue about “pretty words,” or concepts like “community‐engaged research” and “diversity” that win grants and check the boxes for inclusion, but risk becoming hollow without ongoing conversations between researchers and communities. As anthropologists who study health, we are both skeptical and appreciative of the “pretty words” that characterize our efforts toward developing interdisciplinary research that seeks to build equity and address community health concerns. The power of pretty words can only be activated through reflection that leads to action, but this requires a commitment beyond the institutional expectations and individual rewards of research as usual. The essays in this special section cover diverse topics, but all are conjoined in their pursuit of not just critiquing pretty words, but outlining meaningful ways forward to reclaim the radical potential embedded in these concepts.
A Case of Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome With a Complement Factor I Mutation Triggered by a Femoral Neck Fracture
Authors: Kano Toshiki , Io Hiroaki , Sasaki Yu , Muto Masahiro , Muto Sayaka , Ogiwara Kei , Ikeda Arisa , Iwasaki Hiroyuki , Suzuki Yusuke 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAtypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is a thrombotic microangiopathy caused by the abnormal activation of the alternative complement pathway. Mutations in complement‐related genes and autoantibodies against complement regulators are involved in the pathogenesis of this condition; the frequency of, and prognosis of patients harbouring, each genetic mutation varies based on the region and race. Complement factor I (CFI) mutations have been observed in 4%–8% of cases in Europe; however, they have not yet been reported in Japan. We present the first Japanese case of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in a patient harbouring a CFI mutation. An 83‐year‐old female patient presented with severe acute kidney injury, thrombocytopenia, and hemolytic anaemia following a femoral neck fracture. Plasma exchange and haemodialysis were initiated, resulting in improved kidney function and platelet count. However, the platelet count decreased when plasma exchange was discontinued. Therefore, we administered ravulizumab, an anti‐complement 5 monoclonal antibody, which led to the maintenance of stable kidney function and platelet count. Genetic analysis revealed a CFI mutation, and the patient was treated with ravulizumab for 2 years without relapse. Individuals diagnosed with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome harbouring CFI mutations experience poor outcomes, including low rates of remission, high rates of mortality, and progression to end‐stage kidney disease. Our case serves as a crucial example demonstrating how prompt identification and appropriate management can lead to better patient outcomes.
Prognostic models for unplanned intensive care unit readmission risk prediction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis based on HSROC model
Authors: Hu Huiling , Li Jiashuai , Ge Hui , Wu Bilin , Feng Tingting , Wu Xue , Wu Xuanna 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundIntensive care unit (ICU) readmission is a critical factor in determining discharge timing and transitional care and is predicted by various models using different approaches. A systematic review is needed to assess the performance and applicability of these models.AimTo identify prognostic models for unplanned ICU readmission and compare the performance of machine learning models with scoring systems.Study DesignThis is a systematic review and meta‐analysis. We searched 11 databases up to August 21, 2024 for cohort studies on ICU readmission prediction models. The Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool assessed model applicability and risk of bias, and meta‐analysis was performed using the Hierarchical Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve model in Stata 16.0.ResultsOf 2150 articles, 67 were included, describing 335 models and 67 scoring systems. Common predictors included mechanical ventilation, age, blood pressure, gender and heart rate. The meta‐analysis of 199 models showed pooled sensitivities of 0.607 for scoring systems and 0.711 for machine learning models, with specificities of 0.699 and 0.899, respectively. Deep learning models had higher sensitivity (0.745) but lower specificity (0.709). All studies had a high risk of bias.ConclusionsMachine learning outperformed scoring systems but ignored clinical notes. Including unstructured text could improve predictions. Models need external validation to ensure reliability across institutions.Relevance to Clinical PracticeModels for ICU readmission prediction will aid critical care nurses in identifying high‐risk patients and prioritizing post‐ICU care needs. This can support nurse‐led interventions, improve patient safety and optimize resource allocation for transitional care.
A novel peptide encoded by a rice circular RNA confers broad‐spectrum disease resistance in rice plants
Authors: Pan Xin , Xu Sipei , Cao Gehui , Chen Siping , Zhang Tong , Yang Burton B. , Zhou Guohui , Yang Xin 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a significant class of endogenous RNAs that exert crucial biological functions in human and animal systems, but little is currently understood regarding their roles in plants.
Here, we identified a circRNA originating from the back‐splicing of exon 4 and exon 5 of a rice gene, OsWRKY9, and named it circ‐WRKY9. It is upregulated in rice stripe mosaic virus (RSMV)‐infected rice plants. Notably, circ‐WRKY9 contains two open reading frames with an internal ribosome entry site. We found that circ‐WRKY9 encoded a peptide of 88 amino acids (aa) and named it WRKY9‐88aa.
Overexpression of WRKY9‐88aa suppresses RSMV infection in rice plants, with increased reactive oxygen species production. Furthermore, WRKY9‐88aa enhances resistance to blast disease and bacterial leaf blight, suggesting its potential to provide broad‐spectrum disease resistance.
Our findings provide the first evidence of a peptide encoded by a circRNA in planta and highlight its potential application to control a wide spectrum of plant diseases.
Use of Fluid Gelatin in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Undergoing Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yan Hao , Gao Mei , Zhang Yu , Wang Huaibin , Zhu Yushan , Zhou Tiangang , Yao Ruzhan , Liu Weiqiang , Li‐Ling Jesse 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesIn patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) undergoing unilateral biportal endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (UBE‐ULBD), damage to the epidural venous plexus often leads to bleeding, increasing the risk of surgical complications. Surgiflo Hemostatic Matrix (SHM) is a gelatin extracted from porcine skin, used for intraoperative hemostasis. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using SHM during UBE‐ULBD surgery.MethodsFrom October 2023 to July 2024, a total of 96 patients with LSS underwent UBE‐ULBD surgery. These 96 patients were randomly divided into two groups: the SHM group (48 patients, using flowable gelatin) and the non‐SHM group (48 patients, not using flowable gelatin). The primary outcomes included intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, and the 3‐min hemostasis success rate. Secondary outcomes included symptomatic postoperative epidural hematoma (SPEH), surgical time, postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization costs, and complications. We used independent sample t‐tests to compare continuous data, and chi‐square tests or Fisher's exact tests to analyze categorical data.ResultsThe intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume in the SHM group were significantly less than those in the non‐SHM group (p < 0.05), and the 3‐min hemostasis success rate in the SHM group was significantly higher than that in the non‐SHM group (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding SPEH, postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization costs, and complications such as thrombosis formation and allergic reactions. However, the surgical time in the SHM group was significantly shorter than that in the non‐SHM group (p < 0.05).ConclusionWhen patients with LSS undergo UBE‐ULBD, the use of fluid gelatin can effectively reduce intraoperative and postoperative bleeding without introducing additional complications.