bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposure to Lived Representations of Abortion in Popular Television Program Plotlines on Abortion-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Support: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Herold Stephanie , Becker Andréa , Schroeder Rosalyn , Sisson Gretchen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEvidence suggests that entertainment media may influence knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to health topics. After the overturning of Roe v. Wade, it is critical to examine how these media may be associated with people’s knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions related to abortion. Using a non-experimental ex post facto design, we examined whether exposure to any of three abortion plotlines was correlated with (a) greater knowledge about abortion, (b) lower stigmatizing attitudes about abortion, and (c) higher likelihood of supporting someone seeking an abortion among a sample of television audience members (N = 1,016), administered via a survey on Qualtrics. We selected three scripted, fictional abortion plotlines on the U.S. television shows Station 19, Better Things, and A Million Little Things, based on medical accuracy and airdates near each other in March 2022. Exposure to a plotline was defined as accurately answering at least two recall questions about a given plotline. We found that compared to those who were not exposed to any of the plotlines, exposure to any of the three plot lines was associated with greater knowledge about abortion and higher willingness to support a friend seeking an abortion, but not with lower stigmatizing attitudes. Exposure to medically accurate depictions of abortion on television may be one way to improve knowledge about abortion and community support for people seeking abortion.
Women’s Mental Health During COVID-19 in South Africa
Authors: Kopylova Natalia , Greyling Talita , Rossouw Stephanié 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWomen’s mental health vulnerability, already a concern before the COVID-19 pandemic, has been exacerbated due to social isolation and restrictions on daily activities. This paper aims to follow a cohort of women from pre - to during the pandemic to determine the change in their mental health using the PHQ-2 scale (a mental health screening tool). Additionally, we investigate whether women with depressive symptoms before the pandemic suffered similarly to those without while controlling for pandemic-related factors. Primarily, we use the Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey dataset and apply pooled ordered logit and fixed effects ordered logit models. We find that the value of the PHQ-2 scale significantly increased during the first period of the pandemic and then eased over time. Interestingly, the behaviour of the individual scale items differed over time. This result questions the internal reliability of the scale during the pandemic and the importance of analysing the scale items individually. Furthermore, being depressed before the pandemic increases the probability of ‘depressive feelings’ and does not matter for ‘anhedonia’. Other factors increasing the probability of mental health disorders are taking care of children for 13–24 h a day and living with a person who has gone hungry. In contrast, wearing a mask and living in a grant-receiving household decreases the probability. These findings inform future researchers of the unexpected behaviour of scales and policymakers of the vulnerability of women’s mental health during unprecedented times, given their vital role in increasing the well-being of future generations.
Hydrogeochemical and isotopic assessment of the origin of NO3− and N–NH3 contents in the aquifer located in a closed lacustrine volcano-sedimentary basin in the metropolitan area of Mexico City
Authors: Morales-Arredondo José Iván , Armienta Hernández María Aurora , Ortega-Gutiérrez Joel Edmundo , Ramirez Elisa Cuellar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo explain the presence and spatial distribution of NO3− and N–NH3 in the Aquifer of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City (AMAMC), a hydrogeochemical and isotopic analysis using 13CDIC (as well as the stable isotopes 18O and 2H) in groundwater was conducted. This aquifer is located in an old closed lacustrine volcano-sedimentary basin; some wells hosted in the semi-confined zone contain high N–NH3 concentrations, while others present NO3− contents in the recharge zones (hosted in an oxidizing environment). In this study, a change in the isotopic signature (primarily in 18O and 2H) was observed from the recharge zones to the basin center in some of the wells with high NO3− concentrations, this behavior can be attributed to evaporation during the incorporation of recently infiltrated water. In addition, the results for 13C (along with 2H) in wells with the highest N–NH3 concentrations exhibited an atypically broad range of values. Results indicated the occurrence of hydrogeochemical and/or biochemical processes in the aquifer (in an oxidizing or reducing environment), such as organic degradation, bacterial decomposition (primarily in the ancient Lake Texcoco and which acts as a natural sink for carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus), besides rock weathering and dissolution, which may be responsible for a very marked isotopic modification of the 13C (and, to a lesser extent, 2H). Methanotrophic bacterial activity and methanogenic activity may be related to N–NH3 removal processes by oxidation and residual water incorporation respectively, whereas the increase in the NO3− content in some wells is due to the recent contribution of poor-quality water due to contamination.
Clinical Management of Major Postoperative Bleeding After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Kollmann Lars , Gruber Maximilian , Lock Johan F. , Germer Christoph-Thomas , Seyfried Florian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Major postoperative bleeding (mPOB) is the most common complication after bariatric surgery. Its intesity varies from self-limiting to life-threatening situations. Comprehensive decision-making and treatment strategies are mandatory but not established yet.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzied our prospectively collected database of our bariatric patients during 2012–2022. The primary study endpoint was major postoperative bleeding (mPOB) defined as hemoglobin drop > 2 g/dl or clinically relevant bleeding requiring intervention (transfusion, endoscopy or surgery). Secondary endpoints were overall complications according to Clavien-Dindo-Classification and comprehensive-complication-index (CCI).

Results
We identified 1017 patients, of whom 667 underwent gastric bypass (GB) and 350 sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Major postoperative bleeding occured in 39 patients (total 3.8%; 5.1% after GB and 2.3% after SG). Patients with mPOB were more often diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (p = 0.039), chronic kidney failure (p = 0.013) or received antiplatelet drug treatment (p = 0.003). The interval from detection to intervention within 24 h was 92.1% (35/39). Blood transfusions were necessary in 20/39 cases (total 51.3%; 45.2% after GB and 75% after SG; p = 0.046). Luminal bleeding only occured after GB (19/31; 61.3%), while all mPOB after SG were intraabdominal (p = 0.002). Reoperations were performed in 21/39 (total 53.8%; 48.4% after GB and 75% after SG; p = 0.067). CCI in patients with mPOB was 34.7 overall, with 31.2 after GB and 47.9 after SG (p = 0.005).

Conclusion
The clinical appearance of mPOB depends on the type of surgery with severe bleedings after SG. We suggest a surgery first approach for mPOB after SG and an endoscopy first approach after GB.

Graphical Abstract
Outcomes of One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Conversion to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass for Severe Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Sargsyan Narek , Das Bibek , Robb Henry , Namgoong Christopher , Ali Iihan , Ashrafian Hutan , Humadi Samer , Mitra Anuja , Fehervari Matyas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOne-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is an effective procedure to treat severe obesity. However, conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is increasing. We therefore conducted a systematic review to determine the safety and efficacy associated with OAGB-RYGB conversion. A systematic search was conducted by three independent reviewers using Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library following PRISMA guidelines. Six studies including 134 patients were selected who were undergoing OAGB-RYGB conversion. The most common indications were reflux (47.8%), malnutrition (31.3%), and inadequate weight loss (8.2%). Study outcomes demonstrated 100% resolution of bile reflux. Overall, there was medium-term weight gain of 0.61 BMI. OAGB to RYGB conversion leads to resolution of reflux symptoms. However, it is associated with weight regain, albeit this may be acceptable to patients to treat biliary reflux.
Surgical gestures can be used to assess surgical competence in robot-assisted surgery
Authors: Olsen Rikke Groth , Svendsen Morten Bo Søndergaard , Tolsgaard Martin G. , Konge Lars , Røder Andreas , Bjerrum Flemming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo collect validity evidence for the assessment of surgical competence through the classification of general surgical gestures for a simulated robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). We used 165 video recordings of novice and experienced RARP surgeons performing three parts of the RARP procedure on the RobotiX Mentor. We annotated the surgical tasks with different surgical gestures: dissection, hemostatic control, application of clips, needle handling, and suturing. The gestures were analyzed using idle time (periods with minimal instrument movements) and active time (whenever a surgical gesture was annotated). The distribution of surgical gestures was described using a one-dimensional heat map, snail tracks. All surgeons had a similar percentage of idle time but novices had longer phases of idle time (mean time: 21 vs. 15 s, p < 0.001). Novices used a higher total number of surgical gestures (number of phases: 45 vs. 35, p < 0.001) and each phase was longer compared with those of the experienced surgeons (mean time: 10 vs. 8 s, p < 0.001). There was a different pattern of gestures between novices and experienced surgeons as seen by a different distribution of the phases. General surgical gestures can be used to assess surgical competence in simulated RARP and can be displayed as a visual tool to show how performance is improving. The established pass/fail level may be used to ensure the competence of the residents before proceeding with supervised real-life surgery. The next step is to investigate if the developed tool can optimize automated feedback during simulator training.
Soft sensor for in-line quality control of turning processes based on non-destructive testing techniques and advanced data fusion
Authors: Böttger David , González Germán , Geiser Alexander , Kempf Daniel , Lanza Gisela , Schulze Volker , Wolter Bernd 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study describes the systematic process of training, testing, and validating a soft sensor designed for quality control of a turning process on components made of AISI 4140 steel. The soft sensor allows product quality to be predicted and unfavorable surface conditions to be identified, in particular the appearance of a phenomenon known as “White Layer”, often characterized in the case of AISI 4140 steel by an ultra-fine-grained microstructure (UFG). Basis of the soft sensor is a data fusion supported by non-destructive testing techniques (NDT), particularly micromagnetic methods (3MA). A critical part of this work is to address challenges such as lift-off compensation and in-process detection using 3MA. The application of machine-learning techniques, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and regression analysis, is detailed. These techniques result in robust models capable of detecting the occurrence of the White Layer phenomenon while minimizing the influence of measurement setup variations and process disturbances. In addition, the study demonstrates the integration of NDT into the machining process which drives the soft sensor and allows suitable adjustments of the process parameters. The data-driven soft sensor approach demonstrates a possible In-Line control system and discusses different control theories and their respective advantages and disadvantages. This system can effectively set targeted surface conditions in real time during the turning process.
Cerebellar-Induced Aphasia After Stroke: Evidence for the “Linguistic Cerebellum”
Authors: Satoer Djaina , Koudstaal Peter J. , Visch-Brink Evy , van der Giessen Ruben S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe cerebellum is traditionally known to subserve motor functions. However, for several decades, the concept of the “cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome” has evolved. Studies in healthy participants and patients have confirmed the cerebellar role in language. The exact involvement of the cerebellum regarding cerebellar aphasia remains uncertain. We included 43 cerebellar stroke patients who were tested at 3 months post-onset with the Boston Naming Test (BNT), the Token Test (TT), and the Diagnostic Instrument for Mild Aphasia (DIMA). Lesion side (left/right) and volume (cm3) were investigated. Patients significantly deviated on the following: BNT (p<0.001), TT (p<0.05), DIMA subtests: sentences repetition (p=0.001), semantic odd-picture-out (p<0.05), sentence completion (p<0.05) without an effect of lesion location (left/right) or volume (cm3) (p>0.05). Our clinical study confirms a non-lateralized cerebellar aphasia post-stroke, characterized by impairments in word retrieval, phonology, semantics, and syntax resembling cerebral-induced aphasia. The integral cerebellum appears to interact with eloquent cortico-subcortical language areas.
Distribution of tetrodotoxin and its analogs in the toxic flatworm Planocera multitentaculata from Honshu Island, Japan
Authors: Suo Rei , Tanaka Makoto , Asano Masaki , Nakahigashi Ryota , Adachi Masaatsu , Nishikawa Toshio , Ogiso Shouzo , Matsubara Hajime , Suzuki Nobuo , Itoi Shiro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTetrodotoxin (TTX), one of the most potent naturally occurring neurotoxins, has been detected in both marine and terrestrial organisms. The marine polyclad flatworm Planocera multitentaculata is known to contain high levels of TTX throughout its life cycle, including in the egg and larval stages. We recently reported that P. multitentaculata from the coastal area of Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan, possesses TTX analogs including 5,6,11-trideoxyTTX, monodeoxyTTXs, dideoxyTTXs, and 11-norTTX-6(S)-ol. It is not known whether all P. multitentaculata occurring in the Japanese archipelago possess major TTX analogs, or whether regional variations in TTX profile exist. In this study, we used high-resolution liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry to investigate the content profile of TTX and its analogs in P. multitentaculata collected from several regions of the Japanese coast. We detected TTX and its major analogs 5,6,11-trideoxyTTX, dideoxyTTXs, monodeoxyTTXs, and 11-norTTX-6(S)-ol in all specimens regardless of the sampling site. In addition, their relative proportions showed a similar pattern. These results suggest that the flatworm may have mechanisms involved in maintaining the proportions of TTX and its analogs in the body. How the toxic flatworms acquire the highly concentrated toxins and maintain the proportions of TTXs is therefore of great interest and further investigation.
Coastal retreat and sea-cliff dynamic on the North Atlantic coast (Gerra Beach, Cantabrian Coast, Spain)
Authors: Serrano Enrique , de Sanjosé José Juan , Gómez-Lende Manuel , Sánchez-Fernández Manuel , Gómez-Gutiérrez Alvaro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGerra is small beach located at the foot of a cliff on the Western coast of Cantabria (North of Iberian Peninsula). It has a sandy distal part and a proximal part at the foot of the cliff made up of boulders, supported by rockfalls and landslides from the cliff. Claystones, limestones and marls of the Triassic and Cretaceous ages form the cliff. To study geomorphological processes, a geomorphological map was drawn up; analysis of the beach deposits as texture, granulometry and Atterberg limits; analysis of photogrammetric flights between 1957 and 2017; drone flights between 2017 and 2020; and geomatic monitoring of the cliff and the beach by means of a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) between 2012 and 2019. The processes involved in the coastal dynamic and retreat of the cliff and beach have been established, as well as the rates of erosion and retreat, which coincide with other beaches on the Cantabrian Coast. The current dynamics are characterized by the moderate regression of the coastline and greater regression and dynamism at the cliff-top, which implies the gradual degradation of the cliff due to loss of verticality. Among the factors involved in the cliff degradation, the main changes in the present and future evolution of the sea cliff can only be ascribed to sea level rise.
Brief Virtual Reality Mindfulness is More Effective than Audio Mindfulness and Colouring in Reducing Stress in University Students
Authors: Cawley Amy , Tejeiro Ricardo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Although various multi-week mindfulness programs have been introduced for stress reduction over the past decades, there is still little evidence on the effectiveness of short, self-applied interventions. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality mindfulness and audio mindfulness, as well as a simple colouring session.

Method
Sixty-seven participants were initially enrolled, with 64 remaining after exclusions. They were randomly allocated to one of three face-to-face stress management interventions: virtual reality (VR) mindfulness, audio mindfulness or colouring. Before and after the 10-min intervention, questionnaires were administered to assess differences in perceived stress, psychological well-being, and engagement. Heart rate was also measured to indicate physiological stress.

Results
VR mindfulness was the only intervention to significantly increase wellbeing. Both VR and colouring significantly reduced stress, with VR producing the largest reduction in heart rate, though this was not statistically significant when compared to baseline. The three conditions were perceived as highly engaging, with the highest scores corresponding to VR mindfulness and the lowest to audio mindfulness.

Conclusions
This study shows that a single brief session of VR mindfulness can produce short-term beneficial effects in people at high risk of stress, greater than those achieved through colouring and audio mindfulness. This suggests promising direct implications for university mental health services, although future research is needed to explore long-term benefits as well as the relative efficacy of longer interventions.

Preregistration
This study is not preregistered.
The role of stromal cells in epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity and its therapeutic potential
Authors: Wang Juanjing , Peng Junmei , Chen Yonglin , Nasser M. I. , Qin Hui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical tumor invasion and metastasis process. EMT enables tumor cells to migrate, detach from their original location, enter the circulation, circulate within it, and eventually exit from blood arteries to colonize in foreign sites, leading to the development of overt metastases, ultimately resulting in death. EMT is intimately tied to stromal cells around the tumor and is controlled by a range of cytokines secreted by stromal cells. This review summarizes recent research on stromal cell-mediated EMT in tumor invasion and metastasis. We also discuss the effects of various stromal cells on EMT induction and focus on the molecular mechanisms by which several significant stromal cells convert from foes to friends of cancer cells to fuel EMT processes via their secretions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). As a result, a better knowledge of the role of stromal cells in cancer cells’ EMT may pave the path to cancer eradication.
Theorem proving in artificial neural networks: new frontiers in mathematical AI
Authors: Pantsar Markus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractComputer assisted theorem proving is an increasingly important part of mathematical methodology, as well as a long-standing topic in artificial intelligence (AI) research. However, the current generation of theorem proving software have limited functioning in terms of providing new proofs. Importantly, they are not able to discriminate interesting theorems and proofs from trivial ones. In order for computers to develop further in theorem proving, there would need to be a radical change in how the software functions. Recently, machine learning results in solving mathematical tasks have shown early promise that deep artificial neural networks could learn symbolic mathematical processing. In this paper, I analyze the theoretical prospects of such neural networks in proving mathematical theorems. In particular, I focus on the question how such AI systems could be incorporated in practice to theorem proving and what consequences that could have. In the most optimistic scenario, this includes the possibility of autonomous automated theorem provers (AATP). Here I discuss whether such AI systems could, or should, become accepted as active agents in mathematical communities.
Tactical Conflict Avoidance of Manned Traffic - Display Concepts for UAV Pilots
Authors: Peukert Markus , Santel Christoph G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe number of collisions between manned and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has risen due to the increased use of UAVs. Pilots of manned aircraft can visually detect the usually much smaller UAVs only very late or not at all, which is why UAVs are required to avoid manned aircraft in lower airspace by most regulations. For the task of collision avoidance, the UAV pilot needs appropriate traffic awareness. While operating UAVs within the visual line of sight (VLOS), the UAV pilot can monitor the surrounding traffic himself, but operation beyond the visual line of sight (BVLOS) requires an additional airspace observer or a supporting detect-and-avoid system. In this work, a traffic display concept supporting UAV pilots is derived and proposed using the human-centered design process. Commonly used collision avoidance displays of manned and unmanned aviation are reviewed and the user context for the proposed traffic display is introduced. An online survey is conducted to gather user preferences for several 2D graphical elements of the traffic display. 25 experienced UAV pilots participated in the survey. The data is analyzed using Gwet’s $$AC_1$$

A

C
1

agreement coefficient. Overall, fair agreement can be observed with individual coefficients for different 2D graphical elements ranging from poor to almost perfect agreement. With a developed heuristic, preferred 2D graphical elements are extracted and combinations reviewed to derive a complete traffic display design. The proposed traffic display design, based on user preferences, will be implemented for further evaluation in human-in-the-loop experiments.