bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Replication of simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA in virus-infected CV1 cells selectively permeabilized for small molecules by Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin: involvement of mitochondria in the fast O2-dependent regulation of SV40 DNA replication
Authors: RIEDINGER Hans-Jörg , EGER Frank , TRUMMLER Klaus , PROBST Hans 
Published: March 2005

SV40 (simian virus 40)-infected CV1 cells were permeabilized with Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin for small molecules (&lt;2 kDa) in a medium that supports DNA replication. Incorporation of [α-32P]dATP was shown to proceed at an essentially constant rate for at least 1 h. 32P-labelled DNA replication intermediates and products were analysed by alkaline sucrose density centrifugation. The results suggested that SV40 DNA replication in α-toxin-permeabilized CV1 cells occurred essentially as in vivo. After bromodeoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate-labelling and isopycnic banding, significant amounts of DNA density-labelled in both strands were detected from 110 min of permeabilization onwards, indicating repeated rounds of viral DNA replication in the permeabilized cells. Incubation of permeabilized SV40-infected cells under hypoxic culture conditions caused inhibition of SV40 DNA replication. As seen in unpermeabilized cells, SV40 DNA replication was inhibited at the stage of initiation. The inhibition of DNA replication induced by hypoxia was mimicked by AA (antimycin A), an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration, and also by the replacement of glutamate, a substrate of mitochondrial respiration, by Hepes in the permeabilization medium. Inhibition of DNA replication was not mediated by intracellular ATP depletion. AA also inhibited SV40 DNA replication in unpermeabilized, normoxically incubated cells. Moreover, as in hypoxically incubated cells, the addition of glucose to SV40-infected cells incubated for several hours with AA induced a burst of new initiations followed by a nearly synchronous round of viral DNA replication. Taken together, these results indicate that mitochondria are involved in the oxygen-dependent regulation of SV40 DNA replication.
Clinicopathologic features of epidermal cysts of the sole: comparison with traditional epidermal cysts and trichilemmal cysts*
Authors: Shimizu Yoshihiko , Sakita Kenichi , Arai Eiichi , Tsuchida Tetsuya , Ogawa Fumihiro , Ban Shinichi , Mitsuhashi Tomoko , Hirose Takanori , Shimizu Michio 
Published: March 2005

Background:  It has been described that the etiology of epidermal cysts on acral skin is different from that on non‐acral skin; however, no papers have been published regarding the detailed histological differences between acral and non‐acral epidermal cysts. In this study, we compared the clinicopathologic findings of epidermal cysts of the sole with those of traditional epidermal cysts and trichilemmal cysts.Methods:  The cases studied were 12 epidermal cysts of the sole, 35 traditional (non‐acral) epidermal cysts, and 12 trichilemmal cysts. The age and sex of the patients and the site, size, and microscopic findings of the lesions were evaluated.The pattern of keratinization was specifically focused on the evaluation of microscopic findings.Results:  Microscopically, most of the epidermal cysts of the sole showed the presence of parakeratosis and focal lack of a granular layer at least at the upper portion of the cyst wall. The cyst content of the epidermal cysts of the sole was predominantly compact orthokeratotic material. These pathological findings could be explained by the pathogenesis of epidermal cysts of the sole, namely invagination of the surface epidermis.Conclusion:  Our study indicates that most cases of the epidermal cyst of the sole are considered to be a true traumatic epidermal inclusion cyst.
X‐RAY DETERMINATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF GLASS *
Authors: Warren B. E. 
Published: March 2005

ABSTRACTA method has been developed for analyzing the X‐ray diffraction patterns of amorphous solids, and the atomic arrangement in two simple glasses has been completely worked out. In SiO2, for example, each silicon is tetrahedrally surrounded by 4 oxygens at a distance 1.60 Å, and each oxygen is shared between two such tetrahedral groups. The mutual orientation of the two groups about their common direction of bonding is random, and hence it is a random three‐dimensional network which is built up. The configuration does not repeat at regular intervals and hence is noncrystalline; it is this feature which distinguishes the glassy state from the crystalline.
Spleen stromal cells support haemopoiesis and in vitro growth of dendritic cells from bone marrow
Authors: Ni Keping , O'Neill Helen 
Published: March 2005

Long‐term stroma‐dependent cultures from murine spleen have been previously shown to support dendritic cell (DC) development in vitro. Secondary cultures have now been established using a splenic stromal cell layer overlaid with cells from different lymphoid sites. Cells resembling DCs can be generated in vitro from unfractionated murine lymphoid cells in the absence of added growth factors. Bone marrow (BM) cultures are the most successful but some cultures have been derived from spleen and thymus. Large numbers of mononuclear cells with dendritic morphology can be generated from BM within 2 weeks and cell production in many cultures has been maintained for at least 6 months. A significant proportion of cells binds antibodies specific for DC markers. No lymphoid cells, mast cells or granulocytes are detectable in culture by antibody and histochemical staining and light and electron microscopy. As with cells generated in primary cultures, cells grown in secondary cultures are equally potent stimulators of both syngeneic and allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions, confirming their function as antigen‐presenting cells. They are also capable of endocytosing and presenting protein antigen to the D10.G4.1 Th2 clone and to unprimed T cells.This study confirmed the presence of DC precursors in multiple lymphoid sites which can be induced to proliferate in the presence of a spleen stromal cell monolayer. The secondary culture system provides an ideal in vitro model for investigation of the development of DC from different tissue sites. It also provides a stable and continuous resource of cells for further studies on DC development.
Unexpected pattern of β‐globin mutations in β‐thalassaemia patients from northern Portugal
Authors: Cabeda José M. , Correia Cristina , Estevinho Alexandra , Simões Carla , Amorim Maria Luis , Pinho Luciana , JustiçA Benvindo 
Published: March 2005

We characterized the genetic nature of β‐thalassaemia in northern Portugal. Of the 164 patients studied three were β‐thalassaemia major cases (one IVS‐1‐6/β°39 and two homozygous IVS‐1‐110). The analysis of the frequency of each mutation in the families revealed that the codon 6(−A) mutation was unexpectedly frequent (40%) and associated with the β‐globin haplotype E, and not with the usual European and North African CD6(−A) haplotypes. In contrast, the frequency of IVS‐1‐6 (8%) and β°39 (19%) was found to be lower than in the rest of the country. The frequency of all other mutations was similar to previous reports for central/southern Portugal.Six families carried none of the most frequent mutations in the Mediterranean area. These families were studied by gene sequencing, revealing that three families carried a previously described mutation (CD16 G → A). The remaining families carried previously unidentified mutations: one showed an 86 bp insertion in exon 2 (named HGSA) and two showed a deletion of a cytidine in codon 11 (CD11(−C)).The results, showing a high frequency (82%) of β° mutations, strongly indicates that genetic counselling should be intensified as a means of preventing the spread of the severe mutations found.
c‐Flip protein expression in Burkitt's lymphomas is associated with a poor clinical outcome
Authors: Valnet‐Rabier Marie‐Blanche , Challier Bruno , Thiebault Sylvie , Angonin Régis , Margueritte Geneviève , Mougin Christiane , Kantelip Bernadette , Deconinck Eric , Cahn Jean‐Yves , Fest Thierry 
Published: March 2005

SummaryThe World Health Organization Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms identifies Burkitt's lymphoma/leukaemia (BL) as a single entity, characterized by unique clinical and genetic features that require specific high intensity chemotherapy regimens. Although remarkable successes in the treatment of the disease have been observed, when compared with paediatric patients, adults are less likely to reach stable complete remission. We investigated 32 BL cases, composed in equal part by adults and children that were treated with the French LMB regimen, for factors that may be implicated in chemoresistance. Immunohistochemical detection of procaspase‐8, caspase‐3a, survivin, p53, CD95, c‐Flip and Phospho‐RelA (Ser536) was investigated on paraffin‐embedded tissues. The expression of c‐Flip was found highly related to a poor prognosis, mostly characterized by adults with a chemoresistant disease, resulting in a high death rate within the first year of diagnosis. The 2‐year overall survival with c‐Flip expression was 24% compared with 93% in the absence of this marker (P = 0·04). All c‐Flip‐positive BL cases presented a nuclear Phospho‐RelA (Ser536) localization, suggesting the presence of an active nuclear factor (NF)‐κB transcription pathway. These findings show that c‐Flip could be a reliable prognostic factor in BL, suggesting new therapeutic approaches that target the NF‐κB pathway.
Incidence and spectrum of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in Chinese migrants to British Columbia
Authors: Au W.Y. , Gascoyne R.D. , Klasa R.D. , Connors J.M. , Gallagher R.P. , Le N.D. , Loong F. , Law C.K. , Liang R. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryThe incidence and spectrum of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) differ between the Chinese and Caucasian populations. Using population‐based registries, we studied the pattern of NHL in Chinese migrants to British Columbia (BC). The records of all NHL cases of Chinese descent diagnosed between 1980 and 1997 were retrieved. Age‐standardized incidences were calculated by 5‐year intervals in terms of age and calendar years and the relative rates were compared between the migrant, Hong Kong and BC populations. The histological distribution of NHL was compared with 4500 consecutive NHL cases diagnosed in the two populations. A total of 211 cases of migrant NHL were identified, with an age‐standardized incidence rate of 7·11 per 100 000 per year, compared with the Hong Kong and BC rates of 7·91 [standardized incidence ratio (SIR) = 0·86, P = 0·01] and 11·88 (SIR = 0·56, P < 0·01). The standardized rates of follicular lymphoma remained low, but the incidence of gastric and nasal natural killer/T lymphomas in migrants were lower than expected. Genetic factors appeared to be stronger than environmental factors in governing the overall incidence of NHL in Chinese. However, certain subtypes of lymphoma may show decreased rates in migrants because of environmental factors.
Acute leukaemia in children with Down syndrome: a population‐based Nordic study
Authors: Zeller Bernward , Gustafsson Göran , Forestier Erik , Abrahamsson Jonas , Clausen Niels , Heldrup Jesper , Hovi Liisa , Jonmundsson Gudmundur , Lie Sverre O. , Glomstein Anders , Hasle Henrik ,   the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO)
Published: March 2005

SummaryTo determine the epidemiology and outcome of children with Down syndrome (DS) diagnosed with acute leukaemia in the Nordic countries, data registered in the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) population‐based leukaemia registry were analysed. Of 3494 children with acute leukaemia diagnosed between July 1984 and December 2001, 136 patients (3·9%) with DS were identified. 2·1% of the children with acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) and 14·0% of the children with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) had DS. In ALL, DS patients had similar age and sex distribution and no major differences in blood counts compared with non‐DS children. None of the DS patients had T cell leukaemia. Outcome was inferior to that of non‐DS children and treatment results did not improve over time. In AML, DS patients showed a significant female predominance and all but one were <5 years old. DS patients with AML had significantly lower platelet and white blood cell counts and two‐thirds were type M7 as according to the French–American–British classification. None of the patients <5 years of age had typical AML cytogenetic aberrations. Outcome was far better in the DS group. DS patients treated for AML after 1992 had an excellent outcome (probability of event‐free survival, 83 ± 6%). The high proportion of female DS patients with AML is unexplained. The differing treatment results in AML versus ALL need further evaluation and represent a challenge for the coming years.
Tooth development included in the multifocal jaw lesions of langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: MITOMI T. , TOMIZAWA M. , NODA T. 
Published: March 2005

Summary.Many cases demonstrating the oral manifestations of langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) have been reported; however, tooth development in jaw lesions has rarely been mentioned. This paper reports the case of a 3‐year‐old Japanese girl with LCH suffering from multiple osteolytic lesions of the skull and jaw bones. She was referred to our paediatric clinic because of swelling of the mucogingival folds in the upper and lower primary molar regions. The patient responded well to steroid therapy and the osteolytic lesions resolved. There was an accompanying development of permanent tooth germs included in the lesions. Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children usually has a long‐term clinical course and paediatric dentists should be involved with oral health care for affected patients.
Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children and youths in the USA
Authors: SHULMAN J. D. 
Published: March 2005

Summary.Introduction.  There is a dearth of studies of oral lesions in children and youths using probability samples of a general population. The present paper describes the results of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994 (NHANES III), and compares them to those of the National Survey of Oral Health in US Schoolchildren, 1986–1987.Methods.  The NHANES III was a large US study based on a multistage probability sample. Dentist examiners were trained to recognize, classify and record, in a standard manner, the clinical characteristics of each of the 48 conditions of interest using procedures based on the World Health Organization's Guide to Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Diseases.Results.  Examinations were performed on 10 030 individuals (10·26%) aged between 2 and 17 years, 914 of whom had a total of 976 lesions. The lip was the most frequent site of lesions (30·7%), followed by the dorsum of the tongue (14·7%) and the buccal mucosa (13·6%). Lesions were more prevalent in males (11·76%) than females (8·67%). The most prevalent lesions were lip/cheek bite (1·89%), followed by aphthous stomatitis (1·64%), recurrent herpes labialis (1·42%) and geographic tongue (1·05%). The prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis in the NHANES III child and youth survey was substantially higher than that for adults, while the NHANES III adult estimates for geographic tongue (1·85%; 95% CI 1·42, 2·28) and cheek/lip bite (3·05%; 95% CI 2·36, 3·74) were substantially greater than those for children and youths (0·97% and 2·05%, respectively).Conclusion.  Reported prevalences for rare conditions in other studies employing more selected samples (especially if standard errors or confidence intervals are not provided) should be interpreted with caution. Studies of adult populations, however valid, may have limited applicability to children.
Adapalene vs. metronidazole gel for the treatment of rosacea
Authors: Altinyazar H. Cevdet , Koca Rafet , Tekin Nilgün Solak , Eştürk Emel 
Published: March 2005

AbstractBackground  Rosacea is a common, chronic dermatosis that requires long‐term therapy. Oral isotretinoin and topical and/or oral antibiotics are effective, but their usage may be limited due to side‐effects.Objective  The goal of the study was to compare the efficacy of topical adapalene gel (0.1%) and topical metronidazole gel (0.75%) in the treatment of patients with papulopustular rosacea.Methods  This study included 55 patients with papulopustular rosacea. Diagnostic efforts were focused on clinical and histological features. Patients were randomly assigned to the adapalene (n = 30) and metronidazole (n = 25) groups. Sunlight protection factor 20 cream was used to protect all patients from sunlight. The characteristics and numbers of inflammatory papules, pustules, erythema and telangiectasia were scored at baseline and after 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Side‐effects were recorded at each visit.Results  Fifty patients, 27 in the adapalene group and 25 in the metronidzaole group, completed the study. Significant reductions in the total number of inflammatory lesions were found in the adapalene group compared with the metronidazole group. There was no significant difference in the scores of erythema and telangiectasia in the adapalene group. However, a significant reduction in erythema was seen in the metronidazole group.Conclusions  Adapalene gel is well tolerated and can be used as an alternative for topical treatment of papulopustular rosacea.
Temporary Help Agencies and Occupational Mobility*
Authors: García‐Pérez J. Ignacio , Muñoz‐Bullón Fernando 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis paper analyses the effects of Temporary Help Agencies (THA) on occupational mobility by performing an empirical comparison of the job‐to‐job upgrading chances of agency and regular (non‐agency) workers in Spain. We estimate a switching regression model to allow for self‐selection into agency work because of, for instance, more motivated workers being more likely to search for jobs through a THA. We find evidence in favour of the existence of self‐selection in all qualification groups considered. Concerning mobility, we find that agency workers in intermediate qualification levels are less likely to experience demotions than regular workers. THA increase the probability of high‐skilled workers achieving a permanent contract in Spain.
Detection of Structural Change in the Long‐run Persistence in a Univariate Time Series*
Authors: Kurozumi Eiji 
Published: March 2005

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate a test for structural change in the long‐run persistence in a univariate time series. Our model has a unit root with no structural change under the null hypothesis, while under the alternative it changes from a unit‐root process to a stationary one or vice versa. We propose a Lagrange multiplier‐type test, a test with the quasi‐differencing method, and ‘demeaned versions’ of these tests. We find that the demeaned versions of these tests have better finite‐sample properties, although they are not necessarily superior in asymptotics to the other tests.
A Panel CUSUM Test of the Null of Cointegration*
Authors: Westerlund Joakim 
Published: March 2005

AbstractThis paper proposes a simple residual‐based panel CUSUM test of the null hypothesis of cointegration. The test has a limiting normal distribution that is free of nuisance parameters, it is robust to heteroskedasticity and it allows for mixtures of cointegrated and spurious alternatives. Our Monte Carlo results suggest that the test has small‐size distortions and reasonable power. In our empirical application to international R&D spillovers, we present evidence suggesting that total factor productivity is heterogeneously cointegrated with foreign and domestic R&D capital stocks.
Serial order reconstruction in Down syndrome: evidence for a selective deficit in verbal short‐term memory
Authors: Brock Jon , Jarrold Christopher 
Published: March 2005

Background:  Individuals with Down syndrome consistently perform less well than appropriately matched comparison groups on tests of verbal short‐term memory, despite performing relatively well on non‐verbal short‐term memory tasks. However, it is not clear whether these findings constitute evidence for a selective deficit in verbal short‐term memory, or whether they instead reflect the influence of non‐central factors such as speech difficulties or poor number knowledge.Methods:  Twenty‐six individuals with Down syndrome and 32 typically developing children were tested on a digit reconstruction task in which participants were presented with auditory digit sequences and responded by pressing the corresponding digits on a touch‐screen in the correct serial order. Background measures were performance on a closely matched visuo‐spatial reconstruction task, reaction time on a simple digit identification task, receptive vocabulary age and non‐verbal ability (Raven's matrices). Participants were also tested on a conventional digit recall task.Results:  All four background measures accounted for significant individual variation in digit reconstruction performance, but there remained a significant effect of group that reflected relatively poor performance of individuals with Down syndrome. Hierarchical regression showed that group membership accounted for unique variation in both digit reconstruction and recall performance, even after all group differences on background measures had been accounted for.Conclusions:  The results provide strong evidence that Down syndrome is associated with a selective deficit in verbal short‐term memory, and a deficit in verbal serial order memory in particular. Implications for the language difficulties associated with Down syndrome are discussed.
APPROACHES TO REGIONAL ECONOMIC ACCOUNTING IN CANADA
Authors: Adler Hans J. 
Published: March 2005

In the introduction of the paper, Economic Accounts are defined as a set of statistics useful in economic analysis and region is defined as a province. The paper is divided into four sections the first of which contains a brief historical outline of the development of demands for provincial economic accounts and the Dominion Bureau of Statistics' response to these needs. Apart from a description of the more well‐known conceptual difficulties, some of the fundamental problems of the usefulness and applicability of a national accounting framework to the regional scene are discussed. The resource problems of constructing analytically meaningful and reliable as well as spatially reconcilable regional accounts are described.Section II outlines the impact of present policies and problems on the development of regional statistics. It describes the reasons for the Bureau's desire to strengthen its data base in regional terms and the decision to await possible construction of regional accounts till the regional data base has been fleshed out in a more systematic manner. With the development of the latter, the ability, advantages and disadvantages of the provinces undertaking their own estimates must also be more fully explored. The third part of the paper deals with an over‐view of work in Canada on provincial accounts carried out by organizations other than the Dominion Bureau of Statistics. Section IV gives a very summary description of the data gaps which exist in presently available regional statistics.