bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the ET Process of SOD at Cysteine Modified Gold Electrode
Authors: Wu Xiaqin , Meng Xiaoyun , Wang Zhesu , Zhang Zongrang 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Cysteine-modifed gold wire electrode was used for the first time to examine the promoted electron transfer process of superoxide dismutase. Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance technique was combined with cyclic voltammetric study for the understanding of coupled adsorption/desorption process of different states of SOD molecules.
Design, Synthesis, and Anti-HIV Activity of “Multi-Layered” Macromonocyclic Polyamines
Authors: Iwata Masaaki 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
“Multi-layer” cyclic polyamines were designed and synthesized, of which several compounds were found to be potential anti-HIV agents in antiviral activity assays against human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-IIIb) in infection to MT-4 cells.
Super Uranophiles: Application to Highly Effective Solvent Extraction of Uranyl Ion in the Presence of Methyltrioctylammonium Chloride
Authors: Nishida Masashi , Sonoda Miwako , Ishii Daido , Yoshida Isao 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
By using hydroxycalix[n]arene-p-sulfonates, Hj1nn− (n = 6 and 8) known as super uranophiles, uranyl ion, UO22+, in aqueous solution was efficiently extracted by chloroform in the presence of methyltrioctylammonium chloride, MTA+Cl−. The extracted species were found to be the ionic associates, [(UO22+)(168−)(H+)−3](MTA+)9 and [(UO22+)2(1812−)(H+)−3](MTA+)11.
Synthesis and Structure of Tetrakis Carboxylato-Bridged Dinuclear Manganese(II) Quinoline Complexes, with Carboxylates Diphenylacetate and 2,2-Diphenylpropanoate
Authors: Nakashima Michio , Maruo Hiroshi , Hata Tetsuya , Tokii Tadashi 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Two dinuclear Mn(II) quinoline complexes with diphenylacetate 1 or 2,2-diphenylpropanoate 2 have been prepared. Single crystal X-ray crystallography revealed the molecular structure to be the form of copper(II) acetate’s. Bonding distances Mn-Mn, Mn-O, and Mn-N for 1 are 3.131(2), 2.116, and 2.193(5) Å, respectively, and those for 2 are 3.168(4), 2.117, and 2.215(4) Å, respectively. Anomalousness of Mn-Mn magnetic interaction of this type complexes is demonstrated.
Rh4S7 and Ir3CuS6 Clusters with Di- and Trisulfido Ligands Derived from Dinuclear Hydrogensulfido Complexes
Authors: Kochi Takuya , Tanabe Yoshiaki , Tang Zhen , Ishii Youichi , Hidai Masanobu 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Reactions of the dinuclear hydrogensulfido-bridged complexes [Cp*MCl(μ-SH)2MClCp*] (M = Rh, Ir) with CuCl2·2H2O lead to formation of Rh4S7 and Ir3CuS6 clusters [(Cp*Rh)4(μ3-S2)2(μ4-S3)][CuCl2]2 and [(Cp*Ir)3(μ3-S2)3(CuCl2)][CuCl2] through the oxidative S–S bond formation, the former of which contains a trisulfido ligand of the unprecedented μ4-η2:η1:η1:η1 coordination mode.
Chemical Ionization of n-Paraffins (C14-C18) by CH5+, C2H5+, and C3H5+ in an Ion-Trap Type of Mass Spectrometer
Authors: Tsuji Masaharu , Tanaka Yuki , Arikawa Takeshi , Nishimura Yukio 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Chemical ionization of n-paraffins (CnH2n+2 : n = 14∼18) by the CH5+, C2H5+, and C3H5+ ions has been studied using an ion-trap type of GC/MS under a reactant-ion-selected mode. In all the reactions, CnH2n+1+ and CmH2m+1+ (m = 3∼n−3) ions were observed. The most favorable fragment CmH2m+1+ ion in the CH5+ reaction was m = 8, while that in the C2H5+ and C3H5+ reactions was m = n−5 or n−6.
Cadmium Iodide Catalyzed and Efficient Synthesis of Acetals under Microwave Irradiations
Authors: Laskar Dhrubojyoti Dey , Prajapati Dipak , Sandhu Jagir S 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
A new selective method of acetalization of aldehydes and ketones with 1,2-diols, 1,3-diols or alcohols mediated by cadmium iodide under microwave irradiation is achieved in excellent yields.
Synthesis of Water-soluble Oxidized Chitosan Derivatives and Their Biological Activity
Authors: Terada Naofumi , Morimoto Minoru , Saimoto Hiroyuki , Okamoto Yoshiharu , Minami Saburo , Shigemasa Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Oxidized chitosan derivatives were prepared by CrO3 oxidation of chitosan followed by N-acetylation, and their effect on canine polymorphonuclear cells was evaluated. The water-solubility of oxidized chitosan derivatives (DS: 0.10-0.28) in the range of pH 1-13 was controlled by the degree of N-acetylation (DA), and the oxidized chitosan derivatives of DA 76 and 83% were soluble in water at the neutral pH range. Effect of oxidized chitosan derivatives on canine polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was estimated by the reported chemiluminescence (CL) technique, and the peak count of CL induced by zymosan after the treatment of PMNs with oxidized chitosan derivatives was lower than that induced by only zymosan.
Metallohelice: Effects of Hydrogen Bond Interactions on Helical Morphology
Authors: Zhang Yugen , Jianmin Li , Nishiura Masayoshi , Deng Wei , Imamoto Tsuneo 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
An intersting chiral metallohelical complex [Cd(C4H4O4)(SC(NH2)2)2]n (I) is spontaneous assembled. The formation is driven by multiple intramolecular hydrogen bond interactions to form the helical structure and by multiple intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions to form chiral supramolecular arrays.
A New Process for C–Si Bond Formation from cis-Alkyl(silyl)platinum(II) Complexes
Authors: Ozawa Fumiyuki , Kitaguchi Masaya , Katayama Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
The complexes cis-PtR(SiHPh2)(PMe2Ph)2 (R = Me, Et, Pr, Bu) have been found to undergo two types of C–Si bond formation process. One is a novel reaction process via isomerization to cis-PtH(SiRPh2)(PMe2Ph)2, and the other is C–Si reductive elimination involving prior displacement of a PMe2Ph ligand with diphenylacetylene added to the system.
Light Fastness Properties of Acid Dye and Mesoporous Ca-Aluminosilicate Composite
Authors: Shibata Masashi , Hotta Hajime , Suzuki Toshiyuki , Valange Sabine , Gabelica Zelimir 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Light-fastness properties of composites involving mesoporous Ca aluminosilicate substrates (MCM-41 structure) and acid dye (Lithol Rubine B) were examined. High surface area Al-MCM-41 materials synthesized in the presence of Ca2+ ions yielded the dye composites with the highest light fastness qualities, when compared to Ca2+ ion-exchanged Al-MCM-41 aluminosilicates, to non composite pigment or to smectite - dye composites.
Improvement of Both the Acidity and Stability of MCM-41 by Post-synthesis Alumination
Authors: Shen S-C , Kawi S 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Post-synthesis alumination of MCM-41 is found to substantially enhance the material’s: (1) surface acidity, by increasing its number of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites; (2) physical stability, by improving its hydrothermal stability in boiling water and in high-temperature steam; (3) mechanical stability, by minimizing the collapse of its mesopores under high pressure compression; and (4) chemical stability, by improving its resistance in high pH aqueous solution.
Electrochemical Deposition of Films of p-Doped Regioregular Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)
Authors: Yamamoto Takakazu , Kokubo Hisashi 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Electrochemically oxidative deposition of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) gave a film in which p-doped polymer molecules took an ordered structure. According to the p-doping, the ordered structure of the neutral original polymer in the solid was changed. Conditions for the preparation of the film and electrically conducting properties of the film are described.
Domino Oxidation of Ladder Oligosilanes: Formation of Novel Ladder Frameworks Containing Oligosiloxane and Oligosilane Chains
Authors: Kyushin Soichiro , Tanaka Ryoji , Arai Kuniaki , Sakamoto Azusa , Matsumoto Hideyuki 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
The domino oxidation predominates in the tri-, tetra-, and penta-oxidations of tricyclic, tetracyclic, and pentacyclic ladder oligosilanes 5, 7, and 9 with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid. The structures of these products were determined by X-ray crystallography. The resulting domino oxidation products 6, 8, and 10 show intense absorption bands in the UV spectra.
Dimerization of Ethynylcyclopentadienylmetal Complexes
Authors: Suzuki Yasunobu , Hirotani Ryuichi , Komatsu Hiroaki , Yamazaki Hiroshi 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Heating of bulky ethynyltetramethylcyclopentadienylmetal complexes, RC≡CH (R = Me4C5Rh(cod), Me4C5Ir(cod), Me4C5Fe(C5Me4H)), in the presence of catalytic amounts of Ru(H)2(CO)(PPh3)3 afforded the corresponding butatriene, RCH=C=C=CHR. The rhodium complex was stepwise hydrogenated by Ru(H)2(CO)(PPh3)3 to give a butadiene complex, RCH=CH–CH=CHR, whose molecular structure was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis.
Molecular Assembly of Bachteriochlorophyll a and Its Analogues by Synthetic 4α-Helix Polypeptides
Authors: Kashiwada Ayumi , Nishino Norikazu , Wang Zheng-Yu , Nozawa Tsunenori , Kobayashi Masami , Nango Mamoru 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Molecular assemblies of bachteriochlorophyll a, BChl a and its analogues can be made due to the presence of synthetic 4α-helix polypeptides. UV-vis. and CD spectroscopic properties of BChl a derivatives were analogous to those obtained using light-harvesting (LH) polypeptides from photosynthetic bacteria. Thus, appropriate analogues of HAHA are useful in providing an insight into the structural effect of polypeptide on formation the LH / BChl a complex as well as an artificial LH complex model.
A Novel Naphthalocyanine Isomer: A Dinaphthophthalocyanine with C2v Symmetry
Authors: Miwa Hideya , Kobayashi Nagao 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
An adjacently dinaphtho-substituted phthalocyanine with C2v symmetry, which is a structural isomer of naphthalocyanines in the sense that eight benzene units are fused to the tetraazaporphyrin skeleton, has been synthesized and characterized by electronic absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy, and molecular orbital calculations within the framework of the ZINDO approximation.
First Preparation and Structural Determination of Optically Pure Cyclic Polysulfides, 6,10-Diethyl Trithiolo[h]benzopentathiepin Monooxides
Authors: Kimura Takeshi , Kawai Yasushi , Ogawa Satoshi , Sato Ryu 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Optically pure cyclic polysulfides, 6,10-diethyl trithiolo[h]benzopentathiepin 7-oxides (4) and (5) were prepared by asymmetric oxidation of 6,10-diethyl trithiolo[h]benzopentathiepin. The structure of 4 and 5 was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis and the configuration was confirmed as R configuration on the sulfinyl sulfur atoms.
Insertion of Phenylacetylene into cis-Silyl(stannyl)platinum Complexes
Authors: Ozawa Fumiyuki , Sakamoto Yasunobu , Sagawa Takashi , Tanaka Rika , Katayama Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Silyl(stannyl)platinum(II) complexes cis-Pt(SiR3)(SnMe3)(PMe2Ph)2 (SiR3 = SiMe3, SiMe2Ph, SiMePh2, SiPh3) undergo insertion of phenylacetylene into the Pt–Si or Pt–Sn bond. The site selectivity dramatically varies with silyl ligands under kinetic conditions, while under thermodynamic conditions the insertion into the Pt–Si bond exclusively takes place irrespective of silyl ligands.
The Fast Photochemical [2+2] Cycloaddition and Reverse Reaction of a Styrylpyrazine Amphiphile in Aqueous Dispersion
Authors: Park Jong-mok , Zhang Wanbin , Nakatsuji Yohji , Majima Tetsuro , Ikeda Isao 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Photochemical [2+2] cycloaddition of styrylpyrazine amphiphile 1 in aqueous dispersion occurred quantitatively and much faster than that of stilbene analogue 2. Amphiphile 1 showed intermolecular photoreversible reactivity, [2+2] cycloaddition and the reverse reaction, in aqueous dispersion with alternate irradiation at above 300 and at 254 nm as the first example for 1,2-diarylethylene in aqueous dispersion.
Novel High Performance ansa-Zirconocene Catalysts for Isospecific Polymerization of Propylene
Authors: Yamazaki Hiroshi , Kimura Keisuke , Nakano Masato , Ushioda Tsutomu 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
The introduction of furyl groups to the position next to the silylene bridge of an ansa-zirconocene catalyst was found to remarkably enhance the catalytic activity and the molecular weight of PP during the isospecific polymerization of propylene.
3-Isopropylidenemalic Acid: A Mechanism-based Inhibitor of 3-Isopropylmalate Dehydrogenase
Authors: Chiba Akira , Arai Noriko , Eguchi Tadashi , Kakinuma Katsumi 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
3-Isopropylidenemalic acid (1) was designed and synthesized as an inhibitor of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMDH). While being weakly active as substrate, 1 appeared to be a mechanism-based inhibitor (KI = 60.2 μM) for IPMDH as deduced from the time-dependent and kinetic analyses.
Morinols A and B, Two Novel Tetrahydropyran Sesquineolignans with a New Carbon Skeleton from Morina chinensis
Authors: Su Bao-Ning , Takaishi Yoshihisa 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Two sesquineolignans, each bearing a tetrahydropyran ring with a new carbon skeleton and named morinols A and B, have been isolated from the roots of a Chinese medicinal herb, Morina chinensis. Their structures have been determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidences, as well as a simple chemical transformation.
Lipase-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Diesters
Authors: Müller Stephan , Uyama Hiroshi , Kobayashi Shiro 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Ring-opening polymerization of cyclic diesters, ethylene dodecanedioate and ethylene tridecanedioate, took place using lipases as a catalyst under mild reaction conditions to give the corresponding polyesters with molecular weight of several thousands. Enzymatic polymerizability of these new monomers was compared with that of lactones.
Strong Basic Sites Accelerate the Deactivation of Oxide Catalysts Supported on FSM-16 for the Vapor-Phase Beckmann Rearrangement of Cyclohexanone Oxime
Authors: Shouro Daisuke , Nakajima Tsuyoshi , Mishima Shozi 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
The acidic and basic properties of FSM-16-supported Al2O3, ZnO or CdO were determined by the temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of ethylamine. Relationship of the deactivation rate of the catalyst during the vapor-phase Beckmann rearrangement with the acidic and basic properties was studied. It was found that the deactivation was accelerated with an increase in the amount of the strong basic sites.
Selective Catalytic Dechlorination of Chloro Alkanes over Iron-based Catalysts
Authors: Lingaiah N , Uddin Md Azhar , Shiraga Yoshitaka , Tanikawa Hiroyuki , Muto Akinori , Sakata Yusaku , Imai Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
A selective vapour phase dehydrochlorination (DHC) of chloro alkanes was achieved over a simple iron oxide catalyst system. The chloro alkanes were selectively dehydrochlorinated to their corresponding alkenes. This catalyst was also found to be effective for the removal of chlorine from fuel oil derived from the degradation of PVC containing waste plastics.
Electrochemical Copolymerization of Bithiophene and Aniline in Aqueous-Organic Mixed Solution
Authors: Hu Xiao , Wang Guang-Ming , Ng Hanwah , Wong Terrence KS 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Polybithiophene (PBTh) and polyaniline (PAn) have been synthesized electrochemically in an aqueous-organic mixed solvent containing perchloric acid and acetonitrile. By using the mixed solvent system, the difference between the oxidation potentials of the two monomers is substantially reduced to 0.17 V from 0.55 V in pure acetonitrile organic medium. This enables the electrosynthesis of copolymer of bithiophene and aniline. Raman and absorption spectra were compared.
Regioregular Poly[2,5-bis(3-butyl-2-thienyl)tellurophene]: Synthesis and Characterization Aspects
Authors: Ng S C , Ding H , Chan H S O 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
This work reports on a novel, facile synthetic methodology into the tellurophene nucleus, which was applied in particular to the synthesis of the centrosymmetrical 2,5-bis(3-butyl-2-thienyl)tellurophene. Thereafter, oxidative polymerization of the monomer using iron (III) chloride afforded the regioregular poly[2,5-bis(3-butyl-2-thienyl)tellurophene]. Preliminary characterization aspects of the polymer are reported.
Photocatalytic Decomposition of Pure Water over NiO Supported on KTa(M)O3 (M = Ti4+, Hf4+, Zr4+) Perovskite Oxide
Authors: Mitsui Chiemi , Nishiguchi Hiroyasu , Fukamachi Keiko , Ishihara Tatsumi , Takita Yusaku 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Photocatalytic decomposition of pure water on NiO supporting KTaO3 partially substituted with acceptor was investigated. Formation rate of H2 and O2 increased by partially substituting Ta with group 4 element. The increased photocatalytic decomposition activity by additives might be caused by a charge carrier annihilation.
New Calix[4]crown Diacylamides with Fluorescent Response to Complexation with Metal Ions
Authors: He Yong-Bing , Huang Huang , Meng Ling-Zhi , Wu Cheng-Tai , Yu Tian-Xiang 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
New calix[4]crowns having two acetaminoanthraquinone units at the lower rim have been synthesized; the intensity of their fluorescence spectra are markedly affected by alkali metal cation complexation.
Synthesis and X-Ray Crystal Structure of 27-Oxa-25,29-Dithiasapphyrin: Bithiophene-containing Sapphyrins Have an Inverted Structure
Authors: Shin Koo , Lim Choongsun , Choi Chonglak , Kim Youngmee , Lee Chang-Hee 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Acid-catalyzed condensation of 16-oxa-5,10,15,17-tetrahydrotripyrrin and 5,5′-bis(tolylhydroxymethyl)-2,2′-bithiophene gives 5,20-ditolyl-27-oxa-25,29-dithiasapphyrin. The X-ray crystal structure revealed this sapphyrin derivative has an O-inverted structure.
Spatially Controlled Synthesis of Protein/Inorganic Nano-assembly: Alternate Molecular Layers of Cyt c and TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Kimizuka Nobuo , Tanaka Masayoshi , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
A molecular layer of Cytochrome c was self-assembled on two-dimensionally accumulated TiO2 nanoparticles, that have been deposited by hydrolysis of titanium hexafluoride in water. Repeated cycles of TiO2-deposition and cyt c-adsorption from aqueous phases afforded multilayered nano-assemblies, in which native spectral characteristics of cyt c was preserved.
Electroreductive Deposition of Au Clusters Modified with an Anthraquinone Derivative
Authors: Yamada Mami , Kubo Kenya , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Anthraquinone derivative-modified Au clusters prepared by a substitution reaction of octyl thiolate-covered Au clusters with 1-(1,8-dithiaoctyl)anthracene-9,10-dione undergo a two-step one-electron reduction in aprotic solvents, resulting in the formation of an electroactive thin Au cluster film. Composite film formation is achieved by a combination of oxidative and reductive electrodeposition of biferrocene derivative-modified and anthraquinone derivative-modified Au clusters, respectively.
Recognition of Planar Chirality by Cyclodextrins
Authors: Kano Koji , Takaoka Ryoko , Sato Masayuki , Yamaguchi Masahiko 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Recognition of planar chirality of 14-hydroxy-12-oxabicyclo[9.2.2]pentadecane-1(14),11(15)-diene-1,13-dione (C8) and 16-hydroxy-14-oxabicyclo[11.2.2]heptadecane-1(16),13(17)-diene-2,15-dione (C10) by native and O-methylated cyclodextrins has been studied by NMR spectroscopy. The cyclodextrins prefer the (R)-enantiomers of C8 and C10, which might well fit with asymmetrically twisted cavities of cyclodextrins.
A Novel and Efficient Deoxygenation of Hetero Cyclic N-Oxides Using ZrCl4/NaBH4
Authors: Chary K Purushothama , Mohan G Hari , Iyengar D S 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
A practical and novel reagent system ZrCl4/NaBH4 is used for the deoxygenation of N-Oxides to amines is described.
Ammonia Hydrothermal Treatment on Mesoporous Silica Structure Synthesized from Acidic Route
Authors: Lin Hong-Ping , Mou Chung-Yuan , Liu Shang-Bing 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
We report a post-synthesis procedure-ammonia hydrothermal treatment- to improve the structural features of surfactant-templated mesoporous silica synthesized from acidic route. The mesoporous products after this treatment become highly ordered and hydrothermally stable and the original hierarchical morphology are preserved.
Agostic Interaction in Formally Five-coordinate Hydridobis[1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane]ruthenium(II) Ion
Authors: Saburi Masahiko , Fujii Tetsuya , Shibusawa Takayoshi , Masui Dai , Ishii Youichi 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
The molecular structures of [RuH(dppp)2]+ (1) and [RuH{OC(CH3)2}(dppe)2]+ (2) ions in the PF6− salts were determined by the X-ray crystallography. 1 involves the agostic interaction between the ortho C–H bond of a phenyl group of the dppp ligands and the formally unsaturated Ru center, and takes the cis geometry, where the terminal hydride and the agostic C–H moiety occupy the adjacent sites to each other. 2 adopts a typical octahedral six-coordinate structure with a coordinating acetone molecule trans to the hydride.
Highly Enantioselective Cyclopropanation of Styrenes with Diazoacetates Catalyzed by Optically Active β-Ketoiminato Cobalt(II) Complexes
Authors: Ikeno Taketo , Sato Mitsuo , Yamada Tohru 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
The highly enantioselective cyclopropanation of styrenes with diazoacetates was achieved using reasonably designed β-ketoiminato cobalt(II) complex catalysts. In the presence of optically active cobalt(II) complexes derived from optically active 1,2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine, the cyclopropanation of styrene with methyl, ethyl, and tert-butyl diazoacetates proceeded to afford the corresponding cyclopropanecarboxylates with 94-96% ee.
A Supramolecular Ion Channel Based on Amphiphilic Cholic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Kobuke Yoshiaki , Nagatani Takeshi 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Cholic acid was modified so as to represent the simplest expression of an artificial supramolecular ion channel by converting three hydroxyls to methyl ethers and a carboxyl to a methylene(trimethyl)ammonium grouping. It gave stable single channel currents showing several conductance values in planar bilayer lipid membrane.
Synthesis of [Al]-SSZ-31 by Dry-Gel Conversion (DGC) Method
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Rajib , Kubota Yoshihiro , Ogawa Masami , Sugimoto Noriaki , Fukushima Yoshiaki , Sugi Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Synthesis of large-pore zeolite [Al]-SSZ-31 has been studied by dry-gel conversion method using 1, 8-diazoniaoctane type of structure-directing agent. Pure SSZ-31 was obtained with NaOH/SiO2 = 0.05-0.12, while the product was contaminated with MFI below or above this range. Snowtex-40 (colloidal), as the silica source yielded SSZ-31, while Cab-O-Sil M-5 and Ludox AS-40 yielded mostly MFI phase. A phase change: BEA→SSZ-31→MFI was observed with time course at optimum NaOH/SiO2.
NMR Observation on Transbilayer Distribution of N-[13C]Methylated Chlorpromazine in Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer of Unilamellar Vesicles
Authors: Kobayashi Yoshimasa , Tachibana Kazuo 
Published: December 2003

Abstract
Unilameller vesicles of a suitable size for NMR resolution were successfully prepared with asymmetric bilayer in terms of the phospholipid composition. The preferred distribution of N-[13C]methylated chlorpromazine in the inner leaflet of these vesicles were directly observed by liquid NMR using a paramagnetic shift reagent in the external medium, verifying the bilayer couple hypothesis.