bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of dacarbazine and temozolomide therapy after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in malignant melanoma patients: A case series and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rydén Viktoria , El‐Naggar Ali Inan , Koliadi Anthoula , Ladjevardi Cecilia Olsson , Digkas Evangelos , Valachis Antonios , Ullenhag Gustav J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDacarbazine (DTIC) and its oral counterpart temozolomide (TMZ) have been the most used agents in advanced malignant melanoma (MM) patients and they are still used routinely. The preferred first line treatment, immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) might shape the tumor and the tumor microenvironment, possibly affecting the response to subsequent therapies. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment effect of DTIC/TMZ in MM patients after CPI therapy in a consecutive patient cohort and through systematic literature review and meta‐analysis. Thirty‐five patients with advanced MM treated with DTIC/TMZ after previous CPI therapy in three Swedish regions between 2017 and 2021 were recognized and seven case series studies were identified through systematic database review. Pooled data from all 345 patients showed a median real‐world progression‐free survival (rwPFS) of 1.9 months and overall survival (OS) of 6.0 months. Three of these studies were included in a meta‐analysis comparing DTIC/TMZ after CPI treatment, versus no previous immunotherapy, showing no statistically significant differences in rwPFS or OS but higher real‐world response rate to chemotherapy for the prior‐CPI treated group (Odds Ratio: 2.24; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.04–4.86). The current study supports consideration of DTIC/TMZ in later line of treatment in the immunotherapy era.
Comprehensive molecular findings in primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: A multicenter study
Authors: Deng Ling , Wang Hai‐Yun , Hu Chun‐Fang , Liu Xiao‐Yun , Jiang Kuntai , Yong Juan‐Juan , Wu Xiao‐Yan , Guo Kai‐Hua , Wang Fang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrimary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PMME) is an extremely rare but highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Due to the scarcity of driver gene alterations, there is a need for more clinical data to comprehensively depict its molecular alterations. This study reviewed 26 PMME cases from three medical centers. Hybrid capture‐based targeted sequencing of 295 and 1021 genes was performed in 14 and 12 cases, respectively. We found that PMME patients had a relatively low tumor mutation burden (median, 2.88 mutations per Mb) and were simultaneously accompanied by mutations in genes such as KIT (6/26, 23%), TP53 (6/26, 23%), SF3B1 (4/26, 15%), and NRAS (3/26, 12%). KIT, NRAS, and BRAF were mutually exclusive, and SF3B1 co‐occurred with KIT mutation and amplification. The most common pathways affected were the mitogen‐activated protein kinases and DNA damage response (DDR) pathways. Stage IV was a risk factor for both progression‐free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32–19.91) and overall survival (OS), HR = 4.33, 95% CI = 1.22–15.30). Treatment with immune‐checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) was an independent factor for favorable OS (HR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.01–0.91). Overall, PMME is a complex malignancy with diverse gene alterations, especially with harboring DDR alterations for potentially response from ICIs.
A longitudinal study of the effect of visuomotor learning on functional brain connectivity
Authors: Wang Kuo‐Pin , Yu Chien‐Lin , Shen Cheng , Schack Thomas , Hung Tsung‐Min 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNeural adaptation in the frontoparietal and motor cortex–sensorimotor circuits is crucial for acquiring visuomotor skills. However, the specific nature of highly dynamic neural connectivity in these circuits during the acquisition of visuomotor skills remains unclear. To achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between acquisition of visuomotor skills and neural connectivity, we used electroencephalographic coherence to capture highly dynamic nature of neural connectivity. We recruited 60 male novices who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG). Participants in EG were asked to engage in repeated putting practice, but CG did not engage in golf practice. In addition, we analyzed the connectivity by using 8–13 Hz imaginary inter‐site phase coherence in the frontoparietal networks (Fz‐P3 and Fz‐P4) and the motor cortex–sensorimotor networks (Cz‐C3 and Cz‐C4) during a golf putting task. To gain a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of learning trajectories, we compared data at three time points: baseline (T1), 50% improvement from baseline (T2), and 100% improvement from baseline (T3). The results primarily focused on EG, an inverted U‐shaped coherence curve was observed in the connectivity of the left motor cortex–sensorimotor circuit, whereas an increase in the connectivity of the right frontoparietal circuit from T2 to T3 was revealed. These results imply that the dynamics of cortico‐cortical communication, particularly involving the left motor cortex–sensorimotor and frontal‐left parietal circuits. In addition, our findings partially support Hikosaka et al.'s model and provide additional insight into the specific role of these circuits in visuomotor learning.
A human rights‐based approach to climate injustices at the local, national, and international levels: Program and policy recommendations
Authors: Levy Sheri R. , Gopang Meroona , Ramírez Luisa , Bernardo Allan B. I. , Ruck Martin D. , Sternisko Anni 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe climate crisis threatens and violates human rights to development, education, food, health, housing, life, meaningful and informed participation, self‐determination, and water. Climate injustices refer to how some communities are shouldering the disproportionate brunt of the negative effects of climate change while being the least responsible. With a human rights‐based approach focused on protection and participation rights, this paper reviews climate injustices based on age, disability, ethnicity, gender identity, geography, income, Indigenous identity, migratory status, race, refugee and internally displaced status, and their intersections. Policy recommendations include increasing climate education, utilizing disaggregated data, and expanding mental health services. Cross‐cutting themes throughout the paper are that climate change is interconnected with other crises, thereby compounding inequalities, and that a diversity of interdisciplinary and international perspectives and knowledge centered on the voices of frontline communities are essential for addressing the climate crisis.
The role of between‐group competition in children's within‐group merit‐based resource allocation
Authors: Xiao Xue , Wang Qian , Li Yanfang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present study tested how 5‐ to 6‐year‐old and 7‐ to 8‐year‐old children allocate with in‐group collaborators according to merit in the context of external between‐group competition. Children (N = 310) first were asked to collaborate with a high‐ or low‐merit partner to complete an intergroup game in the form of competition (further divided into win and lose conditions) or noncompetition. Afterward, they were asked to allocate, reason about, and express their expected allocations toward the in‐group collaborator. We found that 5–6‐year‐olds allocated meritoriously with collaborators in the first‐party context. In contrast, 7–8‐year‐olds were affected by external between‐group competition. Specifically, compared with the noncompetitive condition, 7–8‐year‐olds conducted equal or roughly equal allocations with the in‐group collaborator and referenced Equality and Affiliation more frequently in the win and lose conditions. Furthermore, both 5–6‐year‐olds and 7–8‐year‐olds expected teachers to allocate meritoriously across the win, lose and noncompetitive conditions, indicating that they realized that social norms require them to make allocations based on merit rather than social relationships. The findings suggest that with age, children weighed the moral concerns of merit and the social concerns of in‐group harmony when determining the allocation of resources.
How the media framed the COVID‐19 crisis on Native Nations: A case comparison ofThe New York Timesand theNavajo Times
Authors: Camarillo Earlene , Kunze Stefanie , Pollard Charlie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis article examines how the limited national media reporting covered the pandemic in American Indian communities across the United States, specifically the Diné (Navajo) Nation, and whether and how this coverage differs from American Indian news sources.MethodsThis article compares coverage related to COVID‐19 byThe New York Times(NYT) with coverage by theNavajo Times(NT), a Diné newspaper. The authors compiled their own database of news‐based articles published by theNYTand theNTcovering the pandemic and its impact on Native Nations between January 1, 2020, and September 30, 2020, and conducted a comparative content analysis of these articles.ResultsWhile coverage was limited, theNYTarticles highlight social inequities that settler colonialism and federal Indian law have fostered in the past and present, the cultural backdrop, which contributed to greater adverse impacts from COVID‐19. However, coverage differs from theNTin important ways, particularly when considering the distinction between the Navajo Nation as a bureaucratic entity versus the Diné people, the framing of Native peoples as adaptive, and Indigenous investment in future creation.ConclusionsTheNTwas more nuanced in its coverage of stories of the impact of COVID‐19 on American Indian communities as compared to theNYT.
Impact of an ultrasensitive Cytomegalovirus quantitative nucleic acid test on Cytomegalovirus detection and therapy in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Beechar Vivek B. , Pouch Stephanie M. , Phadke Varun K. , Karadkhele Geeta , Larsen Christian P. , Woodworth Michael H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has broad implications for morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients (RTR). Routine surveillance for CMV replication with PCR‐based quantitative nucleic acid testing (qNAT) assays is standard practice in most transplant centers, but the impact of assay sensitivity on antiviral decision‐making and virologic outcomes has not been studied. We investigated the effects of an ultrasensitive CMV qNAT assay on multiple clinical outcomes, including time to detection and duration of CMV DNAemia.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center cohort study contrasting RTRs monitored with a qNAT with a higher lower limit of quantification (LLOQ >300 IU/mL) with those monitored with a more sensitive qNAT (LLOQ >35 IU/mL). Patients were stratified by donor (D)/recipient (R) CMV serostatus (D+/R−: high risk; any R+: moderate risk). CMV viral load monitoring was performed monthly post transplantation, with the primary outcomes being time to CMV DNAemia and its duration.ResultsTotal 1382 patients were analyzed from 2014 to 2016 and 2019 to 2021. Moderate‐risk RTRs monitored with the more sensitive assay experienced a greater hazard for the development of a first episode of CMV DNAemia (aHR: 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.55–2.46) and an average of 24 (95% CI: 16.40–31.98) additional days of DNAemia. There was no difference in CMV end‐organ disease or 1‐year all‐cause mortality between moderate‐risk RTRs.ConclusionsThe more sensitive assay was associated with earlier detection and extended durations of CMV DNAemia in moderate‐risk RTRs, without altering clinical outcomes. These findings inform optimal use of these assays and antiviral stewardship in RTRs.Key SummaryThe use of ultrasensitive CMV qNAT assays in moderate‐risk CMV renal transplant recipients is associated with earlier detection and longer durations of CMV DNAemia without impacting CMV end‐organ disease or 1‐year mortality.
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Nested Selves: Self‐Organization and Shared Markov Blankets in Prenatal Development in Humans
Authors: Ciaunica Anna , Levin Michael , Rosas Fernando E. , Friston Karl 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe immune system is a central component of organismic function in humans. This paper addresses self‐organization of biological systems in relation to—and nested within—other biological systems in pregnancy. Pregnancy constitutes a fundamental state for human embodiment and a key step in the evolution and conservation of our species. While not all humans can be pregnant, our initial state of emerging and growing within another person's body is universal. Hence, the pregnant state does not concern some individuals but all individuals. Indeed, the hierarchical relationship in pregnancy reflects an even earlier autopoietic process in the embryo by which the number of individuals in a single blastoderm is dynamically determined by cell– interactions. The relationship and the interactions between the two self‐organizing systems during pregnancy may play a pivotal role in understanding the nature of biological self‐organization per se in humans. Specifically, we consider the role of the immune system in biological self‐organization in addition to neural/brain systems that furnish us with a sense of self. We examine the complex case of pregnancy, whereby two immune systems need to negotiate the exchange of resources and information in order to maintain viable self‐regulation of nested systems. We conclude with a proposal for the mechanisms—that scaffold the complex relationship between two self‐organising systems in pregnancy—through the lens of the Active Inference, with a focus on shared Markov blankets.
The kiwifruit amyloplast proteome (kfALP): a resource to better understand the mechanisms underlying amyloplast biogenesis and differentiation
Authors: Li Ang , Lin Jiajia , Zeng Zhebin , Deng Zhiping , Tan Jinjuan , Chen Xiaoya , Ding Gang , Zhu Man , Xu Bin , Atkinson Ross G. , Nieuwenhuizen Niels J. , Ampomah‐Dwamena Charles , Cheng Yunjiang , Deng Xiuxin , Zeng Yunliu 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYThe biogenesis and differentiation (B&D) of amyloplasts contributes to fruit flavor and color. Here, remodeling of starch granules, thylakoids and plastoglobules was observed during development and ripening in two kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) cultivars – yellow‐fleshed ‘Hort16A’ and green‐fleshed ‘Hayward’. A protocol was developed to purify starch‐containing plastids with a high degree of intactness, and amyloplast B&D was studied using label‐free‐based quantitative proteomic analyses in both cultivars. Over 3000 amyloplast‐localized proteins were identified, of which >98% were quantified and defined as the kfALP (kiwifruit amyloplast proteome). The kfALP data were validated by Tandem‐Mass‐Tag (TMT) labeled proteomics in ‘Hort16A’. Analysis of the proteomic data across development and ripening revealed: 1) a conserved increase in the abundance of proteins participating in starch synthesis/degradation during both amyloplast B&D; 2) up‐regulation of proteins for chlorophyll degradation and of plastoglobule‐localized proteins associated with chloroplast breakdown and plastoglobule formation during amyloplast differentiation; 3) constitutive expression of proteins involved in ATP supply and protein import during amyloplast B&D. Interestingly, two different pathways of amyloplast B&D were observed in the two cultivars. In ‘Hayward’, significant increases in abundance of photosynthetic‐ and tetrapyrrole metabolism‐related proteins were observed, but the opposite trend was observed in ‘Hort16A’. In conclusion, analysis of the kfALP provides new insights into the potential mechanisms underlying amyloplast B&D with relevance to key fruit quality traits in contrasting kiwifruit cultivars.
How do we use the National Healthcare Safety Network for Hemovigilance in Massachusetts?
Authors: Iannone Ashley , Cumming Melissa , Osinski Anthony , Brandeburg Christina , Schultz Jordan , Slider Amanda , Rodrigue Bentley , O'Hearn Lynne , Herman Michele , McHale Eileen , Rios Jorge , Uhl Lynne , Andrzejewski Chester , DeMaria Alfred 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundUse of the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) has been essential to the success of the Massachusetts Hemovigilance Program and has allowed for the timely identification of signals and trends over a defined population that correlate with national and international hemovigilance (HV) data. Here, we outline how the NHSN system is used for monitoring HV data in Massachusetts and encourage adoption of NHSN for nationwide HV surveillance.Study Design and MethodsA collaboration that grew over time between local HV stakeholders and the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) resulted in the change from a paper‐based method of reporting adverse reactions and monthly transfusion activity for compliance with state requirements to replacement with statewide adoption of reporting via NHSN.ResultsOver 1.5 million blood products were transfused in Massachusetts between 2017 and 2021, with 3000 adverse reactions among 10 defined types reported. Using NHSN, MDPH has been able to produce numerous reports, publications, and presentations that have made previously non‐obtainable HV and blood utilization data available.DiscussionAlthough limitations to these self‐reported data exist, such as lack of external validation, successful statewide implementation of NHSN for hospital blood bank reporting is possible and has benefits beyond those for regulatory oversight. It results in standardized, actionable data at both the hospital and state level, enabling inter‐facility comparisons, benchmarking, and opportunities for practice improvement.
Subdural spinal haematoma after epidural anaesthesia
Authors: Hasegawa Chinatsu , Saladin Martina , Rehli Melanie Joyce , Burkhart Christoph Simon 
Published: December 2023

Epidural anaesthesia is widely used in major thoracic and abdominal surgery for postoperative analgesia. Spinal haematoma after epidural anaesthesia in patients without risk factors is very rare. Most of the reported spinal haematomas arose in the epidural space, whereas the subdural localization seen in this case is very uncommon.We report a case of spinal subdural haematoma after difficult and repeated placement of an epidural catheter for postoperative analgesia. As no sensorimotor deficit of the lower limb arose, we refrained from immediate neurosurgical decompression and the patient recovered fully in the course. Nevertheless, any kind of spinal haematoma is a serious complication we should always be aware of. Prompt detection of clinical symptoms such as sensory or motor deficit is most important. Further diagnostic steps and treatment should not be delayed to avoid permanent neurological deficits.
Massive fetomaternal haemorrhage warranting novel use of tandem isovolumetric partial exchange transfusion and therapeutic hypothermia
Authors: Liggett Connor J , Zven Sidney E , Schulz Elizabeth V , Stark Christopher M 
Published: December 2023

A newborn male infant was pale, hypotonic, and had respiratory distress after delivery. Venous cord blood gas revealed a severe metabolic acidosis. His initial examination was consistent with moderate encephalopathy and laboratory testing uncovered severe congenital anaemia (haematocrit 0.127 L/L). He met the clinical criteria for therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and required red blood cell transfusions, but due to the severity of his anaemia, an exchange transfusion was favoured to prevent transfusion-associated circulatory overload. There are no previous reports of these procedures completed in tandem, but the benefits were perceived to outweigh the risks. During the 72 hours of TH, the infant received an isovolumetric partial exchange transfusion and tolerated both treatments without any adverse clinical events.Kleihauer-Betke testing detected a massive chronic fetomaternal haemorrhage with 475 mL (164 mL/kg) of blood. A brain MRI completed prior to discharge was normal. At 6 months of age, he is growing and developing normally.
Peer support impact on therapeutic adherence in patients with multiple sclerosis: a mixed-methods pilot trial protocol
Authors: Guilmault Léonor , Wiertlewski Sandrine , Malloggi Lucie , Rousseau Cécilia , Jacq-Foucher Marylène , Leclere Brice , Moret Leila 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPatient partnership is a key component of patient-centred care. One form of partnership is individual peer support, which can improve patients’ quality of life and adherence to treatment. Patient with multiple sclerosis could benefit from this type of support, but such an intervention has not been explored in the literature.We propose in this article a pilot study protocol to assess the feasibility and acceptability of healthcare-integrated individual peer support, and the feasibility of a large-scale efficacy trial.Methods and analysisThe PAIR-SEP study is a mixed-methods pilot clinical trial combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. Sixty patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis undergoing drug therapy from the Neurology centre of Nantes University Hospital (France) will be randomised on a 1:1 ratio to receive either usual care only or usual care combined with peer support (three individual sessions at 1, 3 and 5 months with a peer helper).We will evaluate clinical outcomes in preparation of the large-scale trial: therapeutic adherence 6 months after baseline, therapeutic compliance, quality of life, anxiety and depression, social support. All dimensions will be assessed using validated health questionnaires at baseline and at 6 months.Intervention’s acceptability and feasibility will be evaluated using qualitative methods: undirected interviews with patients from the intervention group and separate focus-groups with the peer helpers the healthcare team.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the local ethics committee on 1 October 2022. This study was designed in collaboration with multiple sclerosis peer helpers.The trial findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT05519553.