bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome sequences of 31 mycobacteriophages isolated on
Mycobacterium smegmatis
mc
2
155 at room temperature
Authors: Anders Kirk R. , Abeyta Antonio , Andrade Christy C. , Bonilla Carla Y. , Braley Amanda B. , Bratt Alexandra G. , Duncan Kaya A. , Hayes Stephen G. , Robinson Ciara J. , Smith-Flores Helen , Ettinger Ann-Scott H. , Ettinger William F. , Fay Marta M. , Haydock Joseph , McKenzie Sean K. , Garlena Rebecca A. , Russell Daniel A. , Poxleitner Marianne K. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

We report the genome sequences of 31 mycobacteriophages isolated on
Mycobacterium smegmatis
mc
2
155 at room temperature. The genomes add to the diversity of Clusters A, B, C, G, and K. Collectively, the genomes include 70 novel protein-coding genes that have no close relatives among the actinobacteriophages.
A soil fumigant increases American ginseng (
Panax quinquefolius
L.) survival and growth under continuous cropping by affecting soil microbiome assembly: a 4-year
in situ
field experiment
Authors: Peng Na , Bi Yanmeng , Jiao Xiaolin , Zhang Ximei , Li Junfei , Wang Yi , Yang Shanshan , Liu Ziqi , Gao Weiwei 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

The replant problem is a widespread challenge in agricultural production and results in significant financial losses. The survival and development of American ginseng (
Panax quinquefolius
L.), a well-known perennial medicinal plant, also typically suffer from replant problems. At present, efficient strategies for this issue and the underlying mechanisms are still lacking. Here, a series of
in situ
field experiments over a 4-year period were conducted to investigate the effectiveness and possible mechanisms of soil fumigation and fungicide in improving American ginseng survival under continuous cropping. During the 4-year ginseng cultivation, the seedling emergence rates in the dazomet fumigation-treated group (DF) decreased from 90.67% to 52.92%, from 78.67% to 0% in the lime sulfur fungicide-treated group (LS), and from 66.67% to 0% in the control. The fresh root weight in DF increased from 0.36 to 28.72 g, from 0.32 to 13.74 g in LS, and from 0.42 to 9.06 g in the control for the first 2 years. However, no ginseng survived during the following 2 years. Moreover, DF significantly decreased root rot disease incidence by 55.55% compared to LS-treated soil and 69.39% compared to non-treated soil. The correlation analysis results showed that both diversity and structure indices of bacteria and fungi were significantly correlated with root biomass and disease incidence in the second year. In summary, DF has presented a significant beneficial effect on American ginseng development. Additionally, the second year is the critical period to shape the soil microbial community, which could have a long-lasting effect on the development of American ginseng.

IMPORTANCE
Numerous reports of soil fumigants and fungicides on annual crops exist; however, it is unclear whether the single application to perennial plants persistently improves plant growth and controls disease or whether it has a long-lasting impact on soil microbes. We found that soil fumigation enhances ginseng growth and suppresses root rot disease by reshaping the soil microbial community. Our findings benefit the agricultural development of ginseng and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of ginseng diseases.
Associations of eHealth literacy and knowledge with preventive behaviours and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based online survey
Authors: Lee Jung Jae , Poon Chung Yan , O'Connor Siobhan , Wong Janet Yuen Ha , Kwok Jojo Yan Yan , Choi Edmond Pui Hang , Tsang Wing Nga , Wang Man Ping 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo compare the associations of COVID-19 preventive behaviours and depressive and anxiety symptoms with eHealth literacy and COVID-19 knowledge among Korean adults.DesignA cross-sectional online survey was conducted in April 2020.SettingSeoul metropolitan area in South Korea.Participants1057 Korean adults were recruited.Main outcome measuresAssociations between eHealth literacy, COVID-19 knowledge, COVID-19 preventive behaviours and psychological distress were computed using Pearson’s correlation and logistic regression analyses. eHealth literacy, COVID-19 knowledge, COVID-19 preventive behaviours and psychological distress were weighted by sex and age distribution of the general population in Seoul Metropolitan area.Results68.40% (n=723) perceived high eHealth literacy level (eHEALS ≥26), while 57.43% (n=605) had high levels of COVID-19 knowledge (score ≥25). No significant association between eHealth literacy and COVID-19 knowledge was identified (r=0.05, p=0.09). eHealth literacy and COVID-19 knowledge were significantly associated with COVID-19 preventive behaviours (aOR=1.99, 95% CI 1.51 to 2.62 L; aOR=1.81, 95% CI 1.40 to 2.34, respectively). High eHealth literacy was significantly associated with anxiety symptom (aOR=1.71, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.47) and depressive symptom (aOR=1.69, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.30). COVID-19 knowledge had negative and no associations with the symptoms (aOR=0.62, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.86; aOR=0.79, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.03, respectively). High eHealth literacy with low COVID-19 knowledge was positively and significantly associated with COVID-19 preventive behaviours (aOR=2.30, 95% CI 1.52 to 3.43), and anxiety (aOR=1.81, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.01) and depressive symptoms (aOR=2.24, 95% CI 1.41 to 3.55). High eHealth literacy with high COVID-19 knowledge were significantly associated with more preventive behaviours (aOR=3.66, 95% CI 2.47 to 5.42) but no significant associations with anxiety and depressive symptoms.ConclusionWe identified that eHealth literacy and COVID-19 knowledge were not associated each other, and differently associated with individuals’ COVID-19 preventive behaviours and psychological well-being. Public health strategies should pay attention to enhancing both eHealth literacy and COVID-19 knowledge levels in the public to maximise their COVID-19 preventive behaviours and mitigate their psychological distress during COVID-19 pandemic.
Dynamic ambulance relocation: a scoping review
Authors: Becker Julia , Kurland Lisa , Höglund Erik , Hugelius Karin 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesDynamic ambulance relocation means that the operators at a dispatch centre place an ambulance in a temporary location, with the goal of optimising coverage and response times in future medical emergencies. This study aimed to scope the current research on dynamic ambulance relocation.DesignA scoping review was conducted using a structured search in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. In total, 21 papers were included.ResultsMost papers described research with experimental designs involving the use of mathematical models to calculate the optimal use and temporary relocations of ambulances. The models relied on several variables, including distances, locations of hospitals, demographic-geological data, estimation of new emergencies, emergency medical services (EMSs) working hours and other data. Some studies used historic ambulance dispatching data to develop models. Only one study reported a prospective, real-time evaluation of the models and the development of technical systems. No study reported on either positive or negative patient outcomes or real-life chain effects from the dynamic relocation of ambulances.ConclusionsCurrent knowledge on dynamic relocation of ambulances is dominated by mathematical and technical support data that have calculated optimal locations of ambulance services based on response times and not patient outcomes. Conversely, knowledge of how patient outcomes and the working environment are affected by dynamic ambulance dispatching is lacking. This review has highlighted several gaps in the scientific coverage of the topic. The primary concern is the lack of studies reporting on patient outcomes, and the limited knowledge regarding several key factors, including the optimal use of ambulances in rural areas, turnaround times, domino effects and aspects of working environment for EMS personnel. Therefore, addressing these knowledge gaps is important in future studies.
Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy to study effects of virtual reality intervention for adolescents with depression in a clinical setting in China: study protocol for a prospective, randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Yu Kunqiang , Wang Lijun , Lv Shiqiao , Ye Xiaofang , Liu Linhui , Zheng Xiuxiu , Jin Ruomei , Zhou Dongsheng , Zhang Yan , Min Guoqing , Wu Shaochang 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionAdolescent depression has been shown to be associated with many devastating psychosocial outcomes. However, there are many barriers that may prevent depressed individuals from receiving specialised treatment. Virtual reality (VR) technology has shown promise as one avenue for overcoming these challenges. This study first aims to evaluate the effectiveness of VR intervention on adolescent depression symptoms, and second, to determine the intervention’s underlying mechanism of effect using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).Methods and analysisThis is a single-centre, prospective, randomised controlled clinical trial. Sixty-six eligible adolescents aged 12–18 years with a diagnosis of depression will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to either the VR treatment group or the conventional treatment group. All patients for both groups will receive usual treatment during a 4-week intervention period. In addition, patients randomised to VR treatment group (n=33) will complete three 20 min VR sessions including attention, executive function and relaxation training per week. Moreover, 33 healthy adolescents will be recruited as the general population. Primary outcome (ie, depressive symptoms) and secondary outcomes (ie, anxiety symptoms, executive function, treatment emergent symptoms, haemoglobin changes measured by fNIRS) will be collected at preintervention, immediately postintervention and at 4 weeks follow-up. The data assessor and analyst will be blinded to group membership.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Ethics Committee of Lishui Second People’s Hospital. Written informed consent will be obtained for all participants. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, national or international conference presentations, media outlets, the internet and various community activities.Trial registration numberChiCTR2300067747.
Point-of-care haemoglobin accuracy and transfusion outcomes in non-cardiac surgery at a Canadian tertiary academic hospital: protocol for the PREMISE observational study
Authors: Brousseau Karine , Monette Leah , McIsaac Daniel I , Workneh Aklile , Tinmouth Alan , Shaw Julie , Ramsay Tim , Mallick Ranjeeta , Presseau Justin , Wherrett Christopher , Carrier François Martin , Fergusson Dean A , Martel Guillaume 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionTransfusions in surgery can be life-saving interventions, but inappropriate transfusions may lack clinical benefit and cause harm. Transfusion decision-making in surgery is complex and frequently informed by haemoglobin (Hgb) measurement in the operating room. Point-of-care testing for haemoglobin (POCT-Hgb) is increasingly relied on given its simplicity and rapid provision of results. POCT-Hgb devices lack adequate validation in the operative setting, particularly for Hgb values within the transfusion zone (60–100 g/L). This study aims to examine the accuracy of intraoperative POCT-Hgb instruments in non-cardiac surgery, and the association between POCT-Hgb measurements and transfusion decision-making.Methods and analysisPREMISE is an observational prospective method comparison study. Enrolment will occur when adult patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery require POCT-Hgb, as determined by the treating team. Three concurrent POCT-Hgb results, considered as index tests, will be compared with a laboratory analysis of Hgb (lab-Hgb), considered the gold standard. Participants may have multiple POCT-Hgb measurements during surgery. The primary outcome is the difference in individual Hgb measurements between POCT-Hgb and lab-Hgb, primarily among measurements that are within the transfusion zone. Secondary outcomes include POCT-Hgb accuracy within the entire cohort, postoperative morbidity, mortality and transfusion rates. The sample size is 1750 POCT-Hgb measurements to obtain a minimum of 652 Hgb measurements <100 g/L, based on an estimated incidence of 38%. The sample size was calculated to fit a logistic regression model to predict instances when POCT-Hgb are inaccurate, using 4 g/L as an acceptable margin of error.Ethics and disseminationInstitutional ethics approval has been obtained by the Ottawa Health Science Network—Research Ethics Board prior to initiating the study. Findings from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant scientific conferences. Social media will be leveraged to further disseminate the study results and engage with clinicians.
Dimensions of suffering and the need for palliative care: experiences and expectations of patients living with cancer and diabetes and their caregivers in Mexico – a qualitative study
Authors: Doubova Svetlana V , Bhadelia Afsan , Pérez-Moran Diana , Martinez-Vega Ingrid Patricia , García-Cervantes Nancy , Knaul Felicia 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesOver 40 million people in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) experience serious health-related suffering (SHS) annually and require palliative care. Patient and caregiver experiences of SHS in LMICs are understudied despite their importance in guiding palliative care provision. Diabetes and cancer are the second-leading and third-leading causes of death in Mexico, causing a significant SHS burden on patients, families and health systems. This study examines SHS and palliative care from the point of view of patients with cancer and diabetes and their caregivers.DesignA qualitative descriptive study based on in-depth telephone interviews was conducted between August 2021 and February 2022. Data were analysed through inductive thematic analysis.ParticipantsOverall, 20 patients with end-stage cancer, 13 patients with diabetes and 35 family caregivers were interviewed individually.SettingParticipants were recruited from two family medicine clinics and a pain clinic in Mexico City.ResultsSeven themes emerged: (1) suffering as a multifaceted phenomenon, (2) diversity in perceptions of suffering, (3) different coping strategies, (4) need and perceived importance of relief from suffering, (5) barriers to accessing services to relieve suffering, (6) demand for the health sector’s active and humane role in addressing suffering and (7) preferences and need for comprehensive care for relief from suffering. The primary coping strategies included family companionship, protective buffering and faith-based support. Participants lacked knowledge of palliative care. They expressed the importance of relief from suffering, viewing it as the health sector’s responsibility and requesting more humane, personalised care and access to medicines and pain clinics.ConclusionsThe multifaceted nature of SHS highlights the health system’s responsibility to provide high-quality palliative care. Policies to enhance access to palliative care should integrate it into primary care, redesigning services towards patient and caregiver biopsychosocial and spiritual needs and ensuring access to medicines and competent health personnel.
Evaluation of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and minimal intervention associated with deproteinisation in permanent teeth with molar incisor hypomineralisation: study protocol for a clinical, controlled, blinded trial
Authors: Mandetta Amanda Rafaelly Honório , Bortoletto Carolina Carvalho , Sobral Ana Paula Taboada , Gonçalves Marcela Letícia Leal , Motta Lara Jansiski , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini , Ferrari Raquel Agnelli Mesquita , Prates Renato Araujo , Deana Alessandro Melo , Cordeiro Rita de Cássia Loiola , Pinto Lourdes Aparecida Martins dos Santo , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos , Bussadori Sandra Kalil 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionMolar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a qualitative defect of enamel development that occurs in the mineralisation phase. MIH affects one or more permanent molars and, occasionally, permanent incisors. The aim of the proposed study is to evaluate the clinical effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on permanent teeth with MIH through decontamination and sensitivity control.Methods and analysisPatients from 8 to 12 years of age with permanent molars will be randomly allocated to three groups. Group 1: selective chemical–mechanical removal of carious dentinal tissue around the walls of the cavity with Papacárie Duo and a curette followed by the application of aPDT and deproteinisation with Papacárie Duo; group 2: selective removal of carious dentinal tissue around the walls of the cavity with a curette, followed by the application of aPDT and deproteinisation with a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution; group 3: selective removal of carious dentinal tissue using a curette. The selected teeth must have a carious lesion in the dentin and posteruptive enamel breakdown on one or more surfaces with an indication for clinical restorative treatment. The teeth will subsequently be restored using a mixed technique with resin-modified glass ionomer cement and bulk-fill composite resin. The data will be submitted to descriptive statistical analysis. Associations with age and sex will be tested using either the χ2test or Fisher’s exact test. Pearson’s correlation coefficients will be calculated to determine the strength of correlations between variables. Comparisons of the microbiological results (colony-forming units) will be performed using analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis will be performed to assess the performance of the restorations.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Nove de Julho University (certificate number: 61027522.0.0000.5511/approval date: 23 August 2022). The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT05443035.
Patient experience of a virtual reality calm room in a psychiatric inpatient care setting in Sweden: a qualitative study with inpatients
Authors: Ilioudi Maria , Wallström Sara , Steingrimsson Steinn , Lindner Philip , Thunström Almira Osmanovic , Ali Lilas 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveCalm rooms have been developed and implemented in psychiatric inpatient care settings to offer patients a dedicated space for relaxation in a convenient and safe environment. Recent technology developments have enabled virtual reality (VR) equivalents of calm rooms that can be feasibly deployed in psychiatric care settings. While research has shown VR environments to be efficacious in inducing relaxation, little is known how these virtual calm rooms are perceived by patients. The aim of this study was to elucidate patient experiences of using a VR calm room in a psychiatric inpatient setting.DesignQualitative interview study. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using qualitive inductive content analysis, which focuses on the interpretation of texts for making replicable and valid inferences.SettingSwedish hospital psychiatric inpatient care setting with a wireless, three degrees-of-freedom VR head-mounted display running a calm room application simulating nature environment.Participants20 adult patients (12 women) with bipolar disorder (n=18) or unipolar depression (n=2).ResultsParticipants experienced the use of the VR calm room as having a positive impact on them, inducing awareness, calmness and well-being. They were thankful to be offered a non-pharmacological alternative for anxiety relief. Participants also expressed that they had some concerns about how they would react emotionally before using the VR device. However, after use, they highlighted that their overall experience was positive. They also expressed that they could see potential for further development of VR technology in psychiatric care.ConclusionsVR technology has the potential to solve pressing logistic issues in offering calm rooms in psychiatric inpatient care. VR calm rooms appear to be appreciated by psychiatric inpatients, who value their accessibility, convenience and variety of modalities offered. Participants perceived an increase in their well-being after use.
First-line treatment with durvalumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer in the USA: a cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Zheng Zhiwei , Fang Ling , Cai Hongfu 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of durvalumab in combination with chemotherapy compared with chemotherapy alone as first-line therapy for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the perspective of the US payer.MethodsBased on the POSEIDON clinical trial, a partition survival model was developed to compare the cost-effectiveness of durvalumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for the first-line treatment of metastatic NSCLC. The model’s primary outcomes were costs, life years (LYs), quality-adjusted LYs (QALYs) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). The analysis only considered direct medical costs, and health utility value was determined using published literature. The robustness of the model was tested by probabilistic sensitivity analyses.ResultsThe combination therapy of durvalumab and chemotherapy improved survival by 0.713 QALYs at an incremental cost of $64 104.638 compared with chemotherapy alone, resulting in an ICER of $89 908.328 per QALY gained from the US payer perspective. The combination therapy had a 92.3% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $150 000 per QALY based on incremental net health benefits. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the model’s consistency, and none of the parameters significantly influenced the findings.ConclusionDurvalumab in combination with chemotherapy represents a more cost-effective strategy for first-line therapy in patients with metastatic NSCLC in the USA compared with chemotherapy alone.