bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of object size on spatial orientation: an eye movement study
Authors: Yang Tianqi , He Yang , Wu Lin , Wang Hui , Wang Xiuchao , Li Yahong , Guo Yaning , Wu Shengjun , Liu Xufeng 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe processing of visual information in the human brain is divided into two streams, namely, the dorsal and ventral streams, object identification is related to the ventral stream and motion processing is related to the dorsal stream. Object identification is interconnected with motion processing, object size was found to affect the information processing of motion characteristics in uniform linear motion. However, whether the object size affects the spatial orientation is still unknown.MethodsThirty-eight college students were recruited to participate in an experiment based on the spatial visualization dynamic test. Eyelink 1,000 Plus was used to collect eye movement data. The final direction difference (the difference between the final moving direction of the target and the final direction of the moving target pointing to the destination point), rotation angle (the rotation angle of the knob from the start of the target movement to the moment of key pressing) and eye movement indices under conditions of different object sizes and motion velocities were compared.ResultsThe final direction difference and rotation angle under the condition of a 2.29°-diameter moving target and a 0.76°-diameter destination point were significantly smaller than those under the other conditions (a 0.76°-diameter moving target and a 0.76°-diameter destination point; a 0.76°-diameter moving target and a 2.29°-diameter destination point). The average pupil size under the condition of a 2.29°-diameter moving target and a 0.76°-diameter destination point was significantly larger than the average pupil size under other conditions (a 0.76°-diameter moving target and a 0.76°-diameter destination point; a 0.76°-diameter moving target and a 2.29°-diameter destination point).DiscussionA relatively large moving target can resist the landmark attraction effect in spatial orientation, and the influence of object size on spatial orientation may originate from differences in cognitive resource consumption. The present study enriches the interaction theory of the processing of object characteristics and motion characteristics and provides new ideas for the application of eye movement technology in the examination of spatial orientation ability.
Role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic, in the regulation of gene expression during the development of obesity: a systematic review
Authors: Sandoval Cristian , Nahuelqueo Karen , Mella Luciana , Recabarren Blanca , Souza-Mello Vanessa , Farías Jorge 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThere exists a correlation between obesity and the consumption of an excessive amount of calories, with a particular association between the intake of saturated and trans fats and an elevated body mass index. Omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, have been identified as potential preventive nutrients against the cardiometabolic hazards that are commonly associated with obesity. The objective of this comprehensive review was to elucidate the involvement of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, in the modulation of gene expression during the progression of obesity.MethodsThe present analysis focused on primary studies that investigated the association between long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, gene expression, and obesity in individuals aged 18 to 65 years. Furthermore, a comprehensive search was conducted on many databases until August 2023 to identify English-language scholarly articles utilizing MeSH terms and textual content pertaining to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, gene expression, obesity, and omega-3. The protocol has been registered on PROSPERO under the registration number CRD42022298395. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on a total of nine primary research articles. All research collected and presented quantitative data.Results and DiscussionThe findings of our study indicate that the incorporation of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid may have potential advantages and efficacy in addressing noncommunicable diseases, including obesity. This can be attributed to their anti-inflammatory properties and their ability to regulate genes associated with obesity, such as PPARγ and those within the ALOX family.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022298395, CRD42022298395.
Feasibility study of adaptive radiotherapy with Ethos for breast cancer
Authors: Galand Arthur , Prunaretty Jessica , Mir Nicolas , Morel Aurélie , Bourgier Céline , Aillères Norbert , Azria David , Fenoglietto Pascal 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of online adaptive radiotherapy with Ethos for breast cancer.Materials and methodsThis retrospective study included 20 breast cancer patients previously treated with TrueBeam. All had undergone breast surgery for different indications (right/left, lumpectomy/mastectomy) and were evenly divided between these four cases, with five extended cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans per patient. The dataset was used in an Ethos emulator to test the full adaptive workflow. The contours generated by artificial intelligence (AI) for the influencers (left and right breasts and lungs, heart) and elastic or rigid propagation for the target volumes (internal mammary chain (IMC) and clavicular lymph nodes (CLNs)) were compared to the initial contours delineated by the physician using two metrics: Dice similarity coefficient (DICE) and Hausdorff 95% distance (HD95). The repeatability of influencer generation was investigated. The times taken by the emulator to generate contours, optimize plans, and calculate doses were recorded. The quality of the scheduled and adapted plans generated by Ethos was assessed using planning target volume (PTV) coverage, homogeneity indices (HIs), and doses to organs at risk (OARs) via dose–volume histogram (DVH) metrics. Quality assurance (QA) of the treatment plans was performed using an independent portal dosimetry tool (EpiQA) and gamma index.ResultsOn average, the DICE for the influencers was greater than 0.9. Contours resulting from rigid propagation had a higher DICE and a lower HD95 than those resulting from elastic deformation but remained below the values obtained for the influencers: DICE values were 0.79 ± 0.11 and 0.46 ± 0.17 for the CLN and IMC, respectively. Regarding the repeatability of the influencer segmentation, the DICE was close to 1, and the mean HD95 was strictly less than 0.15 mm. The mean time was 73 ± 4 s for contour generation per AI and 80 ± 9 s for propagations. The average time was 53 ± 3 s for dose calculation and 125 ± 9 s for plan optimization. A dosimetric comparison of scheduled and adapted plans showed a significant difference in PTV coverage: dose received by 95% of the volume (D95%) values were higher and closer to the prescribed doses for adapted plans. Doses to organs at risk were similar. The average gamma index for quality assurance of adapted plans was 99.93 ± 0.38 for a 3%/3mm criterion.ConclusionThis study comprehensively evaluated the Ethos® adaptive workflow for breast cancer and its potential technical limitations. Although the results demonstrated the high accuracy of AI segmentation and the superiority of adapted plans in terms of target volume coverage, a medical assessment is still required.
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and breast cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Sun Yukun , Ran Longkai , Li Jiuling , Shi Yafei , Mu Chunguang , Hao Changfu 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundGlobally, the burden of breast cancer has increased significantly in recent decades. Emerging evidence suggested that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which have the potential to interfere with the function of normal hormones, may play a crucial role in this trend. However, the potential relationships were inconsistent in various studies.Objective and search methodsIn our study, we sought to fully evaluate the currently available epidemiological evidence to ascertain whether certain EDC congeners and their metabolites are related to breast cancer risk. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search of original peer-reviewed publications in three electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Publications that covered xenobiotic EDC exposures and breast cancer–confirmed histological results or antecedent medical records or reporting to health registers were taken into consideration.OutcomesThe final result of the literature search was 6,498 references, out which we found 67 publications that matched the requirements for meta-analysis and eight publications for qualitative trend synthesis. In this meta-analysis, statistically significant associations revealed that (i) 1-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene (p,p'-DDT) and its major metabolite 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) were somewhat related to a greater risk of breast cancer. However, this relationship only existed in blood serum but not in adipose tissue. (ii) Breast cancer risk was increased by exposure to chlordane and hexachlorocyclohexane. (iii) Five polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB 99, PCB 105, PCB 118, PCB 138, and PCB 183) can increase the risk of breast cancer. (iv) One phthalate congener (BBP) and one per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance congener (PFDoDA) were negatively associated with breast cancer risk. Unfortunately, heterogeneity was not well explained in our review, and a limited number of available prospective studies investigating the associations between EDC exposure and breast cancer were included in our meta-analysis. To elucidate the overall associations, future large, longitudinal epidemiological investigations are needed.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD 42023420927.
Prevalence and associated factors of structural congenital anomalies in resource limited setting, 2023: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Geda Yohannes Fikadu , Lamiso Yirgalem Yosef , Berhe Tamirat Melis , Chibsa Samuel Ejeta , Sahle Tadesse , Assefa Kenzudin , Mohammed Seid Jemal , Abeje Seblework , Gesese Molalegn Mesele 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundSeveral studies have been conducted on structural congenital anomalies (CA). However, there is a paucity of studies that provide a comprehensive review of structural anomalies. We aimed to verify the available research articles to pool the possible risk factors of structural CA in resource-limited settings.SettingThe research articles were genuinely searched using PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, free Google database search engines, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases. Published studies were searched and screened for inclusion in the final analysis, and studies without sound methodologies and review and meta-analysis were not included in the analysis.ParticipantsThis review analyzed data from 95,755 women who gave birth as reported by primary studies. Ten articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles that had incomplete information and case reports were excluded from the study.ResultsThe overall pooled effect estimate (EI) of structural CA was 5.50 (4.88–6.12) per 100 births. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, maternal illness EI with odds ratio (OR) = 4.93 (95% CI: 1.02–8.85), unidentified drug use with OR = 2.83 (95% CI: 1.19–4.46), birth weight with OR = 4.20 (95% CI: 2.12–6.28), chewing chat with OR = 3.73 (95% CI: 1.20–6.30), chemical exposure with OR = 4.27 (95% CI: 1.19–8.44), and taking folic acid tablet during pregnancy with OR = 6.01 (95% CI: 2.87–14.89) were statistically significant in this meta-regression.ConclusionsThe overall pooled effect estimate of structural CA in a resource-limited setting was high compared to that in countries with better resources. Maternal illness, unidentified drug use, birth weight, chewing chat, chemical exposure, and never using folic acid were found to be statistically significant variables in the meta-regression. Preconception care and adequate intake of folic acid before and during early pregnancy should be advised.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022384838.
Drug information-seeking behaviour among Jordanian physicians: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Al Zoubi Sura , Gharaibeh Lobna , Amaireh Enas A. , Khlaifat Ghaidaa S. , Khalayla Haya M. Diab , Obeid Sajedah N. , Abukhalaf Khaled A. , AlSalamat Amer M. , Al-Zoubi Zaha 
Published: November 2023

Background: Due to the huge number of drugs available and the rapid growth and change in drug information, healthcare professionals, especially physicians, frequently require reliable, easily accessible, rapid, and accurate reference sources to obtain the necessary drug information. Several sources of information are available for physicians to use and select from; however, the information-seeking behaviour of healthcare providers is varied, and this process can be challenging.Objectives: In this study, Jordanian physicians were approached to evaluate the drug information they require, the sources of information they use, the perceived credibility of the sources, and the challenges they face when searching for the most accurate and current information about drugs.Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to practising physicians in Jordan using a convenience sampling method (purposive sampling followed by snowball sampling) regardless of their speciality, age, gender, seniority, or place of employment.Results: Three hundred and eighty physicians participated in the study. Most participants responded that they performed drug information searches on a weekly (155, 40.8%) or a daily basis (150, 39.5%). The drug-related information that physicians most frequently searched for concerned dosage regimens and adverse drug events. The majority of surveyed doctors (97.9%) reported using online websites to acquire drug information; UpToDate®, Medscape and Drugs.com were the most frequently used online databases, although many participants did not consider online sources to be the most reliable source. The most prevalent and recurrent challenges encountered concerned an inability to access subscription-only journals and websites (56.6%), difficulty identifying trusted and credible sources (41.8%) and the enormous number of available sources (35.3%). However, these challenges were less of a problem for physicians who currently work or have previously worked in academia (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Jordanian physicians frequently use online websites to look for drug information and all doctors face challenges throughout this process particularly those with no experience in academia. This suggests that being in academia makes the process of information-seeking easier which highlights the need for academics to transfer their knowledge and experience to their non-academic colleagues and the upcoming generations of physicians.
The role of teacher empathy and immediacy in Chinese EFL students’ affective learning outcomes: unveiling the associations
Authors: Wang Nana , Kang Jiafang 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe positive influences of teacher-student interpersonal communication skills on second language (L2) students have been considerably endorsed in the literature. However, the contribution of teacher empathy and immediacy behaviors, as realizations of such skills, to students’ affective learning outcomes is unaddressed in L2 research.MethodsTo fill this gap, three scales were distributed among a sample of 350 Chinese EFL students to see if teachers’ empathy and immediacy correlate with and predict students’ affective learning outcomes.ResultsThe results of correlation analysis revealed strong and positive relationships among teacher empathy, teacher immediacy, and learners’ affective learning outcomes. Moreover, the results of multiple regression indicated that Chinese EFL teachers’ empathy and immediacy could predict about 65 and 60% of changes in the learners’ affective learning outcomes, respectively.DiscussionImplications of the study for EFL teachers’ interpersonal communication skills development and emotional literacy are discussed. Future research trends are also presented at the end of the article.
Prevalence of depression among Science students during the COVID-19 pandemic period in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdulrahman Mahmoud Mahmoud 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe present study aimed to examine the prevalence of depression among science students during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA survey-based study was conducted on 521 science students at Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), during the course of the semester.ResultsShowed that the Most students were female (62.19%). Sadness symptoms were observed among 59.69% of the students. We found a 77.74% overall prevalence of depression among students. Most individuals reported moderate BDI (25.34%), but extremely severe BDI was also reported in 7.29% of individuals. The BDI scores were highly significantly correlated with gender, education, and field of specialty (&lt; 0.001) based on different statistical tests. BDI scores were significantly associated with number of the demographic and academic variables (p &lt; 0.05).DiscussionThe study found significant symptoms of depression among students who displayed characteristics of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, students should undergo psychological counseling during difficult pandemic periods to prevent depression and mental stress.
Understanding medical aspects of violent crimes in Sweden’s region Skåne: a retrospective cross-sectional design of the ViCS project
Authors: Ringqvist Alexandra , Aloumar Basem , Wingren Carl Johan , Ekelund Ulf , Khoshnood Ardavan M. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionWhile there has been a reduction in specific homicide categories in Sweden, the last decade has witnessed an increase in the overall rate. The escalation is predominantly linked to heightened gun violence associated with criminal gangs. As a result, Sweden faces an extreme rate of shootings and firearm-related homicides, constituting one of the most severe instances across Europe. However, comprehensive scientific studies on this phenomenon are lacking. This paper presents the design of the Violent Crimes in Skåne (ViCS) project, which aims to investigate violent crimes requiring hospitalization or causing death in Sweden’s region Skåne from a medical, forensic, and criminological perspective. The project aims to examine the epidemiology and trends of violent crimes, injury profiles, treatments, patient outcomes, causes of death, and victim demographics.Methods and analysisUsing a retrospective cross-sectional design, ViCS will examine trauma by violent crimes from 2000 to 2019. Data will be sourced from several institutions, including hospital records from nine emergency hospitals, and the National Board of Forensic Medicine Agency. The project aims to study medical and criminological aspects of violent crimes, primarily focusing on assaults involving firearms, sharp weapons, blunt instruments, kicks, punches, and other types of assault like strangulation. Data analysis will involve descriptive and inferential statistics.DiscussionViCS aims to contribute to the limited body of knowledge about victims of violent crimes in Sweden. The findings may inform evidence-based interventions in medical, forensic, and criminological fields, potentially enabling targeted prevention strategies and improvements in emergency care for victims.
Predictors of mental health problems during the COVID-19 outbreak in Egypt in 2021
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Suzan , Awwad Fuad A. , Ismail Emad A. A. , Kibria B. M. Golam , Abonazel Mohamed R. 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundWith the widespread outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, many countries, including Egypt, have tried to restrict the virus by applying social distancing and precautionary measures. Understanding the impact of COVID-19-induced risks and social distancing measures on individuals' mental health will help mitigate the negative effects of crises by developing appropriate mental health services. This study aimed to investigate the most contributing factors that affected individuals' mental health and how individuals' mental health has changed over the lockdown period in Egypt in 2021.MethodsThe study draws on a nationally representative sample from the combined COVID-19 MENA Monitor Household Survey conducted by the Economic Research Forum. The data were collected in Egypt by phone over two waves in February 2021 and June 2021. The total number of respondents is 4,007 individuals. The target population is mobile phone owners aged 18–64 years. The 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) is used to assess the individuals' mental health over the past 2 weeks during the pandemic. Penalized models (ridge and LASSO regressions) are used to identify the key drivers of mental health status during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsThe mean value of mental health (MH) scores is 10.06 (95% CI: 9.90–10.23). The average MH score for men was significantly higher than for women by 0.87. Rural residents also had significantly higher MH scores than their urban counterparts (10.25 vs. 9.85). Middle-aged adults, the unemployed, and respondents in low-income households experienced the lowest MH scores (9.83, 9.29, and 9.23, respectively). Individuals' mental health has deteriorated due to the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Regression analysis demonstrated that experiencing food insecurity and a decrease in household income were independent influencing factors for individuals' mental health (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, anxiety about economic status and worrying about contracting the virus had greater negative impacts on mental health scores (p &lt; 0.001). In addition, women, middle-aged adults, urban residents, and those belonging to low-income households were at increased risk of poor mental health (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe findings reveal the importance of providing mental health services to support these vulnerable groups during crises and activating social protection policies to protect their food security, incomes, and livelihoods. A gendered policy response to the pandemic is also required to address the mental pressures incurred by women.