bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of predators and population Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith by application botanical insecticide and intercropping cover crops
Authors: Sulastri E , Sjam S , Sulaeha  
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fall armyworm or Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith is one of the invasive pest in maize cultivation. Fall armyworm attacks can cause a decrease in production yields or even a loss of yields at high levels of pest investment. To control S. frugiperda populations, farmers use chemical insecticides to reduce pest populations. In Integrated pest management, preventive action needs to be taken, for example, by managing agroecosystems to increase the diversity of beneficial arthropods and as a control action by using botanical insecticides from plant extract. Therefore, this study aims to find out the effectiveness of various cover crops and application botanical insecticide to increasing the diversity of predators and decreasing S. frugiperda population. The method used in this study was descriptive experimental with a randomized group design consisting of 4 treatments of intercrop, Arachis pintoi (AMB), Portulaca oleracea (PMB), Desmodium triflorum (DMB) and without intercrop as control (MB), all of which were sprayed with botanical insecticides with concentration 5%. As a comparison, observations will be made on the farmer treatment. Data analysis for used ANOVA and those that were significantly different were tested futher with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the diversity index of predators on AMB was significantly higher than other treatments, while the S. frugiperda population at 8 observations was found most in the MB and farmer treatments but had no significant difference with the other treatments. The attack intensity of S. frugiperda on cover crops and botanical insecticide treatment showed lower results and was significantly different compared to MB and farmer treatment. Our results also show the index value of arthropod diversity in the AMB treatment is higher than the other treatments. We can conclude that agroecosystem management with combination of intercropping cover crops and application botanical insecticide can increase the diversity of predators and decrease population and attack intensity of S. frugiperda in maize cultivation.
The effect of N, P and K organic substances enhancers on fruit waste liquid organic fertilizer on tomato plants
Authors: Walunguru L , Kaka Mone M M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The manufacturing of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) based on fruit waste can reduce the amount of waste. The research aims to determine that: 1) Tomato plants were affected by the application of some concentrations of fruit waste LOF that was not and given organic substances enhancers N, P, and K and 2) There was the best concentration of fruit waste LOF that was not and given organic substances enhancers N, P, and K on tomato plants. The research was designed in a group randomized design (GRD), with seven treatments tried, namely 0% (not given fruit waste LOF); concentrations of 30, 35, and 40% from fruit waste LOF that was not given organic substances enhancers N, P, and K; and concentration of 30, 35, and 40% from fruit waste LOF that was given organic substances enhancers N, P, and K. The observation parameters were plant height, plant stem diameter, amount of productive branches each pant, amount of tomatoes each plant, diameter of tomato fruit, and tomato fruit weight of each plant. The results of the research showed that 1) Fruit waste LOF that was given organic substances enhancers N, P, and K was a better effect than that was not given organic substances enhancers N, P, and K; and 2). Fruit waste LOF that was given organic substances enhancers N, P, and K at a concentration of 35% had the best effect on the average amount of tomatoes each plant (31.31) and tomato fruit weight each plant (2,535.25 g).
Effect of application liquid organic fertilizer Bio3 with some concentrations to carrot (Daucus carota L.) yield
Authors: Juwaningsih E H A , Pandjaitan C , Sudarma I K , Baok Y I S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bio3 Liquid Organic Fertilizer is a liquid organic fertilizer made from fermented fruit waste with local activator JB3. This fertilizer was tested on carrot plants to determine the effect of giving several concentrations of POC Bio3 on carrot yields. The research was conducted in July-November 2022 in Tobu Village, South Central Timor District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This study used a single factor randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 9 concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) Bio3 (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 ml/L water) and 3 replications. The parameters studied were tuber diameter, tuber length, tuber wet weight per plot. The results obtained were that the application of Bio3 liquid organic fertilizer to carrot plants had a significant effect on tuber diameter (3.30 cm), tuber length (16.22 cm), tuber weight per plant (84.61 g) and tuber weight per plot (4,230 kg). Based on effectiveness, efficiency and results that are not significantly different, a concentration of 25 ml/L of liquid organic fertilizer Bio3 is the best concentration.
Morphological characters and yields of five Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) clones in Bali
Authors: Heryanto R , Hadipoentyanti E , Wahyuni S , Udarno L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest vanilla production in the world. Vanilla has been cultivated in several regions of Indonesia, especially those that have at least three months of the dry season. One of the areas that have these criteria is Bali. This study aimed to determine five vanilla clones’ morphological characteristics and yield. The research was conducted in Jembrana district-Bali. A total of five vanilla clones were tested using a randomized block design with six replications. Vanilla clones were grown in a plot size of 13.25 x 8 m2 at 1.5 m x 1.25 m in a row. Morphological characters observed were leaves, fruits, roots, and yields. The results showed that leaf length was 16.97 cm - 18.52 cm, leaf width was 6.52 cm - 7, 11 cm, leaf thickness was 2.1 - 2.3, internode length 12.50 cm- 16.68 cm, vine diameter was 1.18 cm- 1.35 cm, number of bunches/trees 2, 70 - 6.15, number of flowers/bunch 14.55 - 20.30, number of fruits/bunches 12, fruit length was 15.69 cm- 19.35 cm, fruit diameter was 1.24 cm - 1.36 cm, fruit weight was 16.11 gr - 19.20 gr, and wet beans/plant production about 0.6 kg - 1.96 kg. The radix adligans of the five vanilla clones showed no significant difference with root lengths was 6.45 cm – 6.89 cm. Clone number 4 was adaptive and high yield in Bali.
Ex vitro shoot induction of rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme) with benzyl amino purine and naphthalene acetic acid
Authors: Hardiany L , Fauzan Y S A , Pramono  , Rosmalawati S , Novita L , Hindaningrum I F , Mira F R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A medicinal plant called rodent tuber has the potential to both prevent and treat various diseases. There is no Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) governing the growth method of rodent tuber because it still grows wild and is rarely cultivated. This research aimed to study the optimal growth of rodent tuber for mass seed propagation based on the type of explants and the concentration of auxin and cytokinin combinations for inducing shoots. While generative parameters (harvesting of tubers/shoots) were observed up to 13 WAP (Week After Planting), vegetative parameters were observed up to 10 WAP. The results showed that the best type of explants for shoot induction and growth of rodent tuber were whole plants with a survival rate of 100%; the number of shoots was 6.65; the plant height was 21.27 cm with 6.34 leaves; 26.56 roots with a length of 16.05 cm; and 40.80% flowering plants. PGR (Plant Growth Regulator) combination of 50 ppm BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) and 100 ppm NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) became the best explant soaking solution by forming eight shoots and the height of plants was 24.13 cm with seven leaves. The explant produced the highest root length in a combination of 100 ppm BAP and 50 ppm NAA, which was 17.70 cm. The interaction between whole plant explants immersed in 0 ppm BAP and 100 ppm NAA solution resulted in the most significant number of roots (41). Those goals can support the SOP of propagated methods and ensure the consistency, quality, and availability of raw materials for traditional medicine.
Effect of hatchery and mariculture activity at the northwest coastal area of Bali on water quality and plankton community
Authors: Slamet B , Kardi C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The northwest coastal area of Bali is currently for the development of marine fish hatcheries and cage farming. This study aims to influence the hatchery and aquaculture activities of marine fish cages in the northwest coastal area of Bali on seawater quality and plankton community. The parameters observed on water quality were total suspended solids, temperature, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen, Salinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, C-organic, total organic matter, and plankton community on diversity, similarity, and dominancy index. The results of water quality observations found that water temperature was 27.5-29.1°C, TSS 0.028-0.046 ppm, transparency 7.4-12.8 m, pH 8.1-8.3, DO 5.4-6.9, Salinity 33.2-34.1, ammonia, 0.01-0.04 ppm, nitrite 0.028-0.041 ppm, nitrate 0.018-0.036 ppm phosphate 0.026-0.038 ppm, C-Organic 0.65-0.74 ppm, TOM 0.75-1.23 ppm. Found 38 genera and 10 phyla of plankton, with an abundance was 258-26,546 ind/L, an index of the diversity of 0.89-2.15, an index of similarity of 0.22-0.64, and an index of dominancy 0.18-0.43. From these results, it can be concluded that the coastal waters of northwest Bali are in the criteria that have not been polluted and are good for marine fish farming. The northwest coastal area of Bali must be managed properly so that marine fish farming can be sustainable.
Urgent propagation of the endemic and possibly extinct in the wild tree Cassine koordersii (Celastraceae)
Authors: Pratiwi P I , Rahma E , Astuti A , Hastuti D , Rumbiak J E R , Widjaya A H , Robiansyah I , Primananda E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Cassine koordersii Kosterm. (Celastraceae) is a narrow endemic tree species known only to Mt. Puger, Jember, Indonesia. The IUCN Red List classifies it as Critically Endangered (CR) possibly extinct in the wild. Currently, there are only two living collections at the Bogor Botanic Gardens. As an urgent measure to anticipate extinction, vegetative propagation through shoot cuttings was conducted. This study aimed to determine the effects of rooting media and Rootone-F hormone on the successfulness of shoot cuttings of C. koordersii. It was carried out at the glass house in April 2022 with a 3-months observations period. The Komatsu-FORDA Fog Cooling (KOFFCO) system was adopted. The research used a completely randomized factorial design with rooting media and Rootone-F hormone as treatments. The media were sand (M1), cocopeat+burnt husk 2:1 (M2), and perlite+vermiculite 1:1 (M3). The Rootone-F hormone treatments included control (R1) and the addition of Rootone-F (R2). Six treatment combinations and four replications by 12 units obtained a total of 288 cuttings. The results indicate that in general, M2 and R2 have the best average yield: percentage of rooted cuttings (14.58%), number of primary roots (1.7), primary root length (1.58 cm), and percentage of survival cuttings (78.12%). The interaction between rooting media and Rootone-F hormone was not significant for all parameters. Despite only few new individuals are generated, they are valuable material for ex-situ collection backup. In addition, new juvenile seedlings are designed as mother trees for clonal orchards. Their high percentage rooting is expected to support the reintroduction program to their natural habitats.
The Influence of Activation Technique on the Adsorption of Coconut Coir-Activated Carbon in Four Potentially Dangerous Liquids
Authors: Wibisono H S , Hastuti N , Indrawan D A , Aini E N , Pari G , Hermawan D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Coconut coir is one of the agricultural waste. According to the research it was utilized as an activated carbon. Activated carbon is produced by high temperatures and chemical. Activation process will be carried out by two types of chemical activators i.e. phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide in 10%. The temperature at 750°C and using three time activation is about 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The result showed that phosphoric acid give the highest yield (42%) with a greater fixed carbon content (69%) than potassium hydroxide activation. As a result of activation with phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide, the iod absorption value of activated carbon from coconut coir was 770 mg/g and 736 mg/g, respectively. Four potentially hazardous liquids, which revealed that activated carbon derived from phosphoric acid activation had the greatest adsorption capacity for chloroform. In contrast, activated carbon produced from potassium hydroxide activation has greater formaldehyde, ammonia, and benzene adsorption capacities. The findings of the study revealed that the iodine adsorption capacity of activated carbon obtained from the activation of phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide was comparable (770 and 736 mg/g), indicating a different adsorption preference. Although the adsorption capacity of activated carbon iodine produced by phosphoric acid activation was greater, it was only superior to chloroform compared to the adsorption capacity of activated carbon produced by potassium hydroxide activation at the same concentration, temperature, and activation period. The results of the investigation indicate that the activator has a considerable effect on the adsorption preference of the activated carbon that is produced.
In vitro culture of wild Vanda tricolor Lindley seeds from Kintamani, Bali, as initial step for conservation
Authors: Gayatri P E P , Astarini I A , Pharmawati M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Vanda tricolor is an endemic orchid from Indonesia that can be found in Bali. As part of Orchidaceae, Vanda tricolor is facing the same problem as other orchid species, their seeds have various requirements for germination which causes a low germination rate. Preventing this endangered orchid from extinction with tissue culture not only maintains the genetic diversity but also understanding the growth factors of this very species. The aim of this research was to analyze how sterilization, medium, and light affect the germination of V. tricolor. Wild V. tricolor pod from Buahan Village, Kintamani, Bangli Regency, Bali, was sterilized with 2g/L fungicide, 1,05% and 0,79% NaClO; while seeds were sterilized with 1,05% NaClO. The seeds from these two different sterilization methods were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, Vacin and Went (VW) medium, Organic 1 (O1) medium, and Organic 2 (O2) medium, then half of them were placed under LED light and the rest were kept on dark. Each one of the sixteen treatment combinations was replicated six times. Seed sterilization with 1,05% NaClO showed better results than pod sterilization. Seeds started to germinate 3 weeks after sown with the highest germination rate occurred on seeds cultured on MS medium under LED light. This study revealed tissue culture with different treatments will aid to understand the preferred germination condition for wild Vanda tricolor and support its conservation.
Mangroves species diversity and their use as medicinal plants by coastal communities of Pesawaran Lampung
Authors: Duryat  , Rodiani  , Maryono T 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs a means of adaptation to extreme habitats, mangrove plants produce a variety of secondary metabolic substances that have the potential as herbal medicines. Empirically, coastal communities have utilized and proven the medicinal properties of mangrove plants. The study’s objective was to determine the species diversity of mangrove plants and their use as herbal medicine in the Coastal of Pesawaran, Lampung Province. Mangrove plant diversity was obtained through vegetation analysis and the diversity index calculation. The use of mangroves as medicine was obtained through in-depth interviews followed by descriptive analysis and calculation of species use value, plant part value, and fidelity level. The results showed that the mangrove forest on the Pesawaran Coast consisted of 21 mangrove species from 12 families, with a moderate diversity index (H’= 1.9312). Most of the users of mangrove plants as medicine ethnically were Bugis (55%), aged over 40 years (62.5%), have an income ranging from 100--167 USD / month (54%), and have secondary education (37.5%). The community usesAvicenia albaas an antiseptic,Acanthus ilicifoliusas an antiseptic,Rhizophora apiculataas an antiseptic and analgesic, andR. stylosaas an antiseptic and anti-rheumatism. The Species use value ofR. apiculatewas the highest (0.25), while the other three species only reached 0.125. Leaves and bark were parts of the plant used as medicine, where leaves have the highest plant part value of 91.67%, and the remaining 8.33% was bark. The highest fidelity level was obtained byR. apiculateas an antiseptic (88%), followed successively byR. stylosaas an antiseptic (50%),R. stylosaas an analgesic, andA. albaas an antiseptic (13%).
Biodiversity, community structure and potential uses of seaweeds and seagrass in transition zone of Taka Bonerate Kepulauan Selayar biosphere reserve, Indonesia
Authors: Setia T M , Fadhillah H S , Wulandari P , Handayani S , Sainal S , Praptiwi R A , Sugardjito J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Macroalgae and seagrass play an important role in marine ecosystems. These organisms have important ecological roles that include primary producers, food sources for other biota, shelters and carbon sinks. Economically, many macroalgae and seagrass species can be exploited as commodities due to their nutritional values and benefits. In Indonesia, macroalgae is traditionally used as food and medicines, especially by communities living in coastal areas. This study aims to unravel the diversity and potential uses of seagrass and macroalgae in Polassi and Tambolongan islands, which is part of the transition zone of the Taka Bonerate Kepulauan Selayar Biosphere Reserve. Identification was performed to analyse several parameters, such as: frequency, density, closure, IVI, dominance and diversity index. Based on the identification results, 7 species of seagrass and 17 species of macroalgae were obtained. Five seagrass species and five algae species are known to contain compounds that are beneficial to humans such as antibacterial, antifungal, and bioactive compounds. Four algae species are used for consumption. The diversity index values of seagrass and macroalgae obtained were categorized as low-medium, with H’ 1.05 - 1.55 for seagrass and H’ 1.22 - 1.56 for algae. This study provides information that are useful for future utilization of marine resources.
The sustaining agro-biodiversity through topworking approach: a case of local superior durian conservation on Mount Arjuna
Authors: Purnama S , Anggraeni L , Zubaidi T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On the slopes of Mount Arjuna there are durian growing areas that are similar to durian forests, and produce a very high diversity of durians. Through the fruit festival, four local durian varieties of good quality have been selected, namely Dupen, Gundul, Tahan and Bawuk. To preserve these varieties, farmers take a top working approach, which replaces unqualified plants with superior varieties. The implementation of topworking in two ways, namely grafting shoot buds and grafting inserts on the trunk of mature plants. The implementation of topworking is carried out by farmers who own the parent tree and non-owners of the parent tree. The results showed that the technique of cutting stems and then grafting shoots was significantly higher than the topworking method of grafting inserts on the trunk of the plant. The success rate of topworking is impacted by the genetic material ownership system. Owners of parent trees consistently perform at a higher level than non-owners, as evidenced by their higher percentage of top working success. The Gundul durian variety, which exhibits a significantly higher percentage of growth than other varieties because the branching arrangement in the tree architecture of the Gundul variety is lower than that of other varieties, demonstrates how the ease of taking enteris also influences the success rate of topworking. This strategy encourages the growth and reproduction of multiple local durian varieties on a single mature plant on the slopes of Mount Arjuna while also enhancing fruit quality by substituting inferior durian varieties with the farmer’s preferred superior durian varieties.
Biodiversity and indigenous knowledge on orchid conservation: Study at a community in Yogyakarta
Authors: Nuraini L , Hastangka  , Kristiawan Y 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study discusses how to manage biodiversity and the role of indigenous knowledge of orchid conservation in Indonesia. Orchids are one of the most attractive tropical flower plants that need attention for conservation. This research was conducted to understand the role and contribution of indigenous knowledge in conserving orchids and protecting natural biodiversity in tropical countries. The questions in this study emphasize how the concept of indigenous knowledge protects tropical biodiversity through a community approach carried out in Yogyakarta. The method used in this research uses qualitative approaches. Primary were data taken from observation, and interview approaches to conservation communities and orchid farmers in Sleman area. Meanwhile, secondary data taken from literature review and bibliometric survey. The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze the role of the community in conserving orchids for the preservation of biodiversity. The results of this study are a model and community or the community way of doing biodiversity conservation in Indonesia start from traditional knowledge that has been passed down from generation to generation and experience about plants. So that life experiences about plants that are passed down from generation to generation are very important and influential in providing education for the community and sustainable science.
Ethnobotanical study of Zingiber album Nurainas, an endemic ginger from Sumatra
Authors: Syafira F , Nurainas  , Syamsuardi  
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Zingiber album Nurainas is an endemic ginger of Sumatra which was published as a new species in 2017 and have been listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The IUCN assessment informs that there is habitat degradation due to the conversion of land functions accompanied by local community utilization in Simanau, Solok Regency, West Sumatra. This study aimed to explore local utilization patterns of Z. album through an ethnobotanical approach. The methods used include field observations through direct and indirect interviews with 18 respondents, also literature studies to see the performance of species among other species in Zingiberaceae in West Sumatra. Use Value (UV), Cultural Food Significance Index (CFSI), and ethnoalluvial using EthnobotanyR package were used for analysis. The research results revealed that Z. album was traditionally utilized as a vegetable along with traditional treatment for swollen uterus after childbirth, abdominal pain, internal heat, and abdominal swollen known as “panyakik rajo” and “panah gadang” that has a low benefit value (UV; 0.28) and medium cultural importance (CFSI; 45.6) and classified as low utilization among other species. Ethnoalluvial plot shows that the potential use of Zingiber album amid other Zingiberaceae species in West Sumatra suggests that this plant possesses a little importance.