bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomass‐Derived Micro‐Mesoporous Carbon with Oxygen Functional Groups for High‐Rate Na–S Batteries at Room Temperature
Authors: Zhao Shen Fei , Li Chunjie , Cui Zixiang , Zhang Jing , Hu Weihua , Ma Ruguang , Li Chang Ming 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRoom‐temperature sodium–sulfur batteries are potential candidate for sustainable large‐scale energy storage systems due to their high energy density and low cost. However, the shuttling effect of high‐order polysulfides (Na2Sn, 4 < n ≤ 8) usually leads to rapid capacity fading, while the reaction kinetics of low‐order polysulfides (Na2Sn, 1 ≤ n ≤ 4) are slow. In this work, microporous‐mesoporous carbon derived from mangosteen peels is reported as cathode materials for RT Na–S batteries. The designed micro‐mesoporous structure not only effectively suppresses the shuttling effect of sodium polysulfides (NaPS), but also has high electrical conductivity and porosity, which facilitates electron/ion diffusion. Oxygen functional groups on the surface provide high catalytic activity for efficient low‐order NaPS conversion. The obtained Na–S battery exhibits high reversible capacity with excellent long‐term cycle performance (526.1 mAh g−1 at 4 A g−1 after 1000 cycles) and outstanding rate performance (676.59 mAh g−1 at 16 A g−1). This work demonstrates a novel activation strategy of biomass‐derived carbons for high‐performance Na–S batteries.
Full‐Cell Presodiation Strategy to Enable High‐Performance Na‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Zhen , Chen Shiming , Qiu Jimin , Li Jiangxiao , Zhao Wenguang , Ji Yuchen , Yao Xiangming , Chen Ziwei , Li Ke , Dong Mingjie , Pan Feng , Yang Luyi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs promising alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries, sodium‐ion batteries suffer from low coulombic efficiency, which stems from Na‐deficiency and unstable interfaces for both cathode and anode materials. Exhibiting a favorable solvation structure, Na‐naphthalene/tetrahydropyran (Na‐NP/THP) is screened and selected as a full‐cell presodiation solution for hard carbon (HC) anodes and a P‐2 type Na0.67Fe0.1Al0.1Mn0.8O2 (NFAM) cathode, which are both Na‐deficient. Through a wealth of characterizations, it is revealed that the proposed presodiation agent not only boosts the initial coulombic efficiency of both HC and NFAM electrodes effectively, but also facilitates robust solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) and cathode–electrolyte interphase (CEI) on both electrodes. Consequently, the long‐term cycling and rate performance are greatly improved thanks to the stabilized structures of electrode materials. Furthermore, a proof‐of‐concept NFAM||HC pouch cell based on this presodiation strategy is assembled, showing a high reversible capacity and superior cycling performance. By offering a remedy to a full cell system subjected to severe Na‐deficiency, this work conceptually demonstrates a feasible strategy to fully tap the potential of high‐energy‐density materials in sodium‐ion batteries.
Boosting the Intrinsic Stability of Lithium Metal Anodes by an Electrochemically Active Encapsulating Framework
Authors: Liang Hongmei , Wang Lingyue , He Yufang , Ren Dongsheng , Song Youzhi , Yang Kai , Wang Aiping , Yi Yanyan , Wang Li , Sun Yongming , He Xiangming 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe lithium metal anode (LMA) is a promising technology to promote the energy density of secondary batteries. However, the coupled growth of surface corrosion and deposited lithium with high reactivity causes capacity fading and safety hazards, especially at high temperatures. Great efforts have been focused on preventing the LMA from direct contact with electrolytes to extend its lifespan, but few pay attention to its stability at high temperatures, which is crucial to battery safety. Herein, a 3D Li22Sn5‐based interpenetrated skeleton is introduced into the bulk of LMA with mechanical kneading, which enables a LMA with fast and stable cycles at high temperatures and improved safety under thermal abuse. The Li22Sn5 skeleton acts as a solid electrolyte inside the bulk, allowing rapid Li+ ion transport and homogenous lithium stripping/plating into the porous bulk through Li/Li22Sn5 interface. The encapsulating framework expands the electrochemically active area and limits its exposure to the electrolyte, enabling a LMA with steady cyclability even at 60 °C. Trapping lithium inside the thermally stable skeleton postpones the catastrophic exothermal reactions between lithium and electrolytes. The strategy for constructing a 3D encapsulating lithiophilic framework is promising for creating safe and stable lithium metal batteries working under harsh circumstances.
Thermally Responsive Selenide‐containing Materials Based on Transalkylation of Selenonium Salts
Authors: Chen Sisi , Scholiers Vincent , Zhang Mengyao , Zhang Jiandong , Zhu Jian , Prez Filip E. Du , Pan Xiangqiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCovalent adaptable networks (CANs) possess unique properties as a result of their internal dynamic bonds, such as self‐healing and reprocessing abilities. In this study, we report a thermally responsive C−Se dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) that relies on the transalkylation exchange between selenonium salts and selenides, which undergo a fast transalkylation reaction in the absence of any catalyst. Additionally, we demonstrate the presence of a dissociative mechanism in the absence of selenide groups. After incorporation of this DCC into selenide‐containing polymer materials, it was observed that the cross‐linked networks display varying dynamic exchange rates when using different alkylation reagents, suggesting that the reprocessing capacity of selenide‐containing materials can be regulated. Also, by incorporating selenonium salts into polymer materials, we observed that the materials exhibited good healing ability at elevated temperatures as well as excellent solvent resistance at ambient temperature. This novel dynamic covalent chemistry thus provides a straightforward method for the healing and reprocessing of selenide‐containing materials.
Biomimetic Synthesis of an Antiviral Cinnamoylphloroglucinol Collection from Cleistocalyx operculatus: A Synthetic Strategy Based on Biogenetic Building Blocks
Authors: Wang Jie , Song Jian‐Guo , Zhong Dong‐Lin , Duan Zhi‐Zhang , Peng Zi‐Jian , Tang Wei , Song Qiao‐Yun , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Hu Li‐Jun , Wang Ying , Ye Wen‐Cai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA synthetic strategy based on biogenetic building blocks for the collective and divergent biomimetic synthesis of cleistoperlones A−F, a cinnamoylphloroglucinol collection discovered from Cleistocalyx operculatus, has been developed. These syntheses proceeded successfully in only six to seven steps starting from commercially available 1,3,5‐benzenetriol and involving oxidative activation of stable biogenetic building blocks as a crucial step. Key features of the syntheses include a unique Michael addition/ketalization/1,6‐addition/enol‐keto tautomerism cascade reaction for the construction of the dihydropyrano[3,2‐d]xanthene tetracyclic core of cleistoperlones A and B, and a rare inverse‐electron‐demand hetero‐Diels–Alder cycloaddition for the establishment of benzopyran ring in cleistoperlones D−F. Moreover, cleistoperlone A exhibited significant antiviral activity against acyclovir‐resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1/Blue and HSV‐1/153).
Rational Design of an Air‐Stable, High‐Spin Diradical with Diazapyrene
Authors: Zhu Ziqi , Zhang Di , Xiao Tongtong , Fang Yu‐Hui , Xiao Xiao , Wang Xiao‐Ge , Jiang Shang‐Da , Zhao Dahui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStable carbon‐based polyradicals exhibiting strong spin‐spin coupling and slow depolarization processes are particularly attractive functional materials. A new molecular motif synthesized by a convenient method that allows the integration of stable, high‐spin radicals to (hetero)aromatic polycycles has been developed, as illustrated by a non‐Kekulé diradical showing a triplet ground state with long persistency (τ1/2≈31 h) in air. Compared to the widely used 1,3‐phenylene, the newly designed (diaza)pyrene‐4,10‐diyl moiety is for the first time demonstrated to confer ferromagnetic (FM) spin coupling, allowing delocalized non‐disjoint SOMOs. With the X‐ray crystallography unambiguously proving the diradical structure, the triplet ground state was thoroughly characterized. A large ΔES‐T of 1.1 kcal/mol, proving the strong FM coupling effect, was revealed consistently by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements and variable‐temperature electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, while the zero‐field splitting and triplet nutation characters were examined by continuous‐wave and pulsed EPR spectroscopy. A millisecond spin‐lattice relaxation time was also detected. The current study not only offers a new molecular motif enabling FM coupling between carbon‐based spins, but more importantly presents a general method for installing stable polyradicals into functional π‐systems.
Improving the migration resistance against phthalate plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride/graphene oxide composites
Authors: Chen XingBao , Wu Xudong , Zhao Shiwei , Lei Yuan , Zhou Shiyi , Lei Jingxin , Jiang Liang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhthalic plasticizer plays an important role in processing and manufacturing one of the universal polymer materials, poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), which has been widely applied in every aspect of our lives. However, there still exists the intrinsic problem in migration resistance of phthalic plasticizer in long‐term use. In this work, we take a facile and convenient approach by incorporating commercial graphene oxide (GO) into PVC matrix to prepare polyvinyl chloride/graphene oxide (PVC/GO) composites, forming a sheet structure for improving the migration resistance of phthalic plasticizer. The advantages of GO that has abundant oxygen‐containing groups on its surface, including carboxyl groups at the sheet edges, epoxy groups, and hydroxyl groups on its basal planes. Especially, these oxygen‐containing groups in GO are beneficial to blend with long molecular chain of PVC and the sheet structure of GO can prevent phthalic plasticizer migrating from interior PVC. Addition of GO not only effectively enhanced the mechanical properties of PVC/GO composites but also improve their migration resistance due to the sheet structure. This strategy provides an attractive way to solve the problem of migration of plasticizer with simple incorporation GO into the matrix of PVC, reinforcing the composite properties and broadening its applied fields.
Cranial anatomy of the “round‐headed”AmphisbaenianZygaspis quadrifrons(Squamata, Amphisbaenia) based on high‐resolution x‐ray computed tomography
Authors: Bell Christopher J. , Cadena Cristhian , Meza Antonio , Rudie Lauren , Lewis Patrick J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAmphisbaenians are a poorly understood clade of fossorial lizards. Because of their derived anatomy and relative scarcity, the systematics of the clade and its placement within squamates has long been controversial. Traditional approaches grouped species into four assemblages according to burrowing behavior and cranial morphology, resulting in the recognition of “shovel‐headed,” “round‐headed,” “keel‐headed,” and “spade‐headed” morphotypes. Recent phylogenetic analyses do not support the monophyly of the taxa that share those morphotypes. Detailed analyses of cranial osteology were previously accomplished using high‐resolution x‐ray computed tomography (HRXCT) for the “shovel‐headed”Rhineura hatcherii(Rhineruidae) and the “spade‐headed”Diplometopon zarudnyi(Trogonophidae). A detailed description of the “round‐headed”Amphisbaena albawas previously completed based upon traditional “dry” skeletal specimens. Seven species of the “round‐headed”Blanus(Blanidae) were also analyzed using HRXCT. The goal of that project was a comparative analysis of all extant species ofBlanusrather than a detailed, bone‐by‐bone description of one species, but certainly is useful for comparison with another “round‐headed” taxon. The “round‐headed” morphotype is by far the most common among amphisbaenians and is much in need of further documentation. We use HRXCT imagery to provide additional data about the disparity in cranial morphology among amphisbaenians. Those data allow us to provide another detailed description of a “round‐headed” amphisbaenian, the poorly known southern African speciesZygaspis quadrifrons. HRXCT is ideal for this relatively rare and diminutive species. We are able to visualize and describe a detailed reconstruction of the entire skull as well as individual cranial elements. Comparisons with other species that were described in similar detail—D.zarudnyi,Spathorhynchus fossorium,R.hatcherii, andA.alba—and to a lesser degree withBlanus, reveal a complex mosaic of morphological features of the skull inZygaspis. Preliminary data suggest that intraspecific variation is present withinZ.quadrifrons, and interspecific variation among other species ofZygaspismay be sufficient for species‐level recognition based on cranial osteology. Our description is, therefore, also intended to serve as a baseline for comparative analysis of other specimens ofZ.quadrifronsand of other species within the genus.
Feste Gashydrate. IV Doppelhydrate
Authors: v. Stackelberg M. , Frühbuss H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDie von Molekeln (M) geeigneter Größe (6 bis 7 Å) und H2S oder H2Se gebildeten „Doppelhydrate”︁ der Zusammensetzung M · 2H2S · 17 H2O erweisen sich als definierte Verbindungen (singuläre Phasen), obgleich sie das gleiche Gitter wie die H2S‐freien einfachen Hydrate von M haben: Die Tensionen der Doppelhydrate bleiben beim Abpumpen von H2S konstant bis zur völligen Zersetzung.Ergebnisse von direkten und indirekten Analysen und von Tensionsmessungen unter verschiedenen Bedingungen werden mitgeteilt. Die Besonderheiten dieser heterogenen Gleichgewichte und der Kinetik ihrer Einstellung werden besprochen. Die Thermodynamik wird in einer folgenden Abhandlung V behandelt werden.
Indirekte Kernspinkopplung der Äthylverbindungen: SeEt2, CdEt2 und TeEt2
Authors: Breuninger V. , Dreeskamp H. , Pfisterer G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDie Protonenresonanzspektren der Diäthylverbindungen des Selens, Cadmiums und Tellurs wurden bei den Resonanzfrequenzen von 60, 56,4 und 32 MHz gemessen. Vergleich der experimentellen mit berechneten Spektren ergab die Konstanten der indirekten Kernspinkopplung zwischen Protonen und Metallatom. Für Diäthylcadmium wurde ungleiches Vorzeichen der Kopplungskonstanten zwischen Cadmium und Methylen‐ bzw. Methylprotonen gefunden, während bei den Selen‐ und Tellurverbindungen die entsprechenden Konstanten gleiches Vorzeichen haben. Es werden für alle bislang untersuchten Äthylverbindungen eine Korrelation des Verhältnisses dieser Konstanten mit der Stellung des Heteroatoms im periodischen System aufgezeigt und damit Aussagen über die Vorzeichen dieser Konstanten gemacht.
Die Schmelzkeimbildung in Eis unter erhöhtem Druck
Authors: Kaiser G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDurch hohen Druck kann Eis thermodynamisch überhitzt werden. Mit dieser Hochdruckmethode wird die kritische Überschreitung des Umwandlungspunktes, bei welcher im Eis Schmelzkeime entstehen, gemessen. Aus der kritischen Überschreitung läßt sich die Keimgröße berechnen, wenn man die Keime als kugelförmig idealisiert; der so berechnete Keimradius stellt einen Mittelwert der Dimensionen des wirklichen Keims dar. Aus der beobachteten Keimgröße folgt, daß es sich nicht um homogene Keimbildung handeln kann, sondern daß Schmelzkerne in Form von ausgedehnten Kristallfehlern oder Fremdeinschlüssen vorliegen müssen.
Time‐restricted feeding regulates lipid metabolism under metabolic challenges
Authors: Guo Yiming , Livelo Christopher , Melkani Girish C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDysregulation of lipid metabolism is a commonly observed feature associated with metabolic syndrome and leads to the development of negative health outcomes such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, or atherosclerosis. Time‐restricted feeding/eating (TRF/TRE), an emerging dietary intervention, has been shown to promote pleiotropic health benefits including the alteration of diurnal expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism, as well as levels of lipid species. Although TRF likely induces a response in multiple organs leading to the modulation of lipid metabolism, a majority of the studies related to TRF effects on lipids have focused only on individual tissues, and furthermore there is a lack of insight into potential underlying mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the current insights regarding TRF effects on lipid metabolism and the potential mechanisms in adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, and heart, and conclude by outlining possible avenues for future exploration.
Predictive factors for early neurological deterioration after intravenous thrombolysis of single subcortical infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery
Authors: Zhao Meng , Zhong Xuemin , Du Jiaxiu , He Lanying , Wang Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatients with a single subcortical infarction (SSI) in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) often experience early neurological deterioration (END) despite receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy (IVT). In this study, predictors of END were investigated in patients with SSI in the MCA after IVT.MethodsPatients with SSI in the MCA territory who had received IVT between June 2020 and 2022 were included. END was defined as an increase in the total National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score by ≥2 or in the motor NIHSS score by ≥1 within the first 72 h of admission. Patients with proximal (pSSI) and distal SSI (dSSI) were analyzed to determine SSI type‐specific predictors for END.ResultsWe evaluated 174 patients with SSI in the MCA territory who underwent IVT. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that pSSI (odds ratio [OR] = 0.242; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.104–0.564; p = .001), lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) (OR = 0.150; 95% CI, 0.033–0.682; p = .014), higher blood glucose (OR = 0.858; 95% CI, 0.752–0.979; p = .023), and higher red blood cells count (OR = 1.966; 95% CI, 1.154–3.349; p = .013) were risk factors for END. In patients with pSSI, HDL‐C and blood glucose were associated with END. No variable related to END was found in the dSSI group.ConclusionsThe proportion of END in patients with SSI in the MCA territory after IVT was not low; therefore, pSSI, HDL‐C, blood glucose, and red blood cells should be monitored closely. The frequency and predictors of SSI in the MCA territory differed between pSSI and dSSI.
Chemical Diversity and Medicinal Potential ofVitex negundoL.: From Traditional Knowledge to Modern Clinical Trials
Authors: Sharma Diksha , Radha  , Kumar Manoj , Andrade‐Cetto Adolfo , Puri Sunil , Kumar Amit , Thakur Mamta , Chandran Deepak , Pundir Ashok , Prakash Suraj , Pandiselvam Ravi , Sandhu Surinder , Khosla Ananya , Kumar Sunil , Lorenzo Jose M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground: In Vedic context, Nirgundi (V. negundo) has been utilized for its anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, and wound‐healing properties. It has been employed to alleviate pain, treat skin conditions, and address various ailments. The plant‘s leaves, roots, and seeds have all found applications in traditional remedies. The knowledge of Nirgundi's medicinal benefits has been passed down through generations, and it continues to be a part of Ayurvedic and traditional medicine practices in India.
An educational program affirming immigrant entrepreneurship, critical consciousness, and cultural strengths
Authors: Cadenas German A. , Cantú Elizabeth A. , Sosa Raquel , Carroll Sabrina , Lynn Nathalie , Suro Beatriz , Ruth Alissa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study reports on the experiences of immigrants in a culturally responsive community entrepreneurship program named Poder. Immigrants make up a sizable proportion of the workforce and contribute to the US economy by creating jobs through entrepreneurship endeavors. However, research about culturally responsive programs for the immigrant community to assist in exploring entrepreneurship opportunities is lacking. The consensual qualitative research (CQR) method was implemented to analyze the interviews of 11 immigrant students, who participated in the 5‐week program at a community college. Analyses revealed that students engaged in critical consciousness regarding barriers to entrepreneurship, educational values and barriers, achievement values, and the unique experience of immigrant entrepreneurs. Students addressed cultural advantages to reduce barriers during the program by engaging supports, family, technology, and community as resources. These strategies may be helpful to scholars, educators, and practitioners seeking to support immigrants in pursuing community entrepreneurship as educational and career pathways.
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of N−N Biaryl Atropisomers
Authors: Feng Jia , Liu Ren‐Rong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAtropisomers have emerged as important structural scaffolds in natural products, drug design, and asymmetric synthesis. Recently, N−N biaryl atropisomers have drawn increasing interest due to their unique structure and relatively stable axes. However, its asymmetric synthesis remains scarce compared to its well‐developed C−C biaryl analogs. In this concept, we summarize the asymmetric synthesis of N−N biaryl atropisomers including N−N pyrrole−pyrrole, N−N pyrrole−indole, N−N indole−indole, and N−N indole−carbazole, during which a series synthetic strategies are highlighted. Also, a synthetic evolution is briefly reviewed and an outlook of N−N biaryl atropisomers synthesis is offered.
Dynamic and Assembly Characteristics of Deep‐Cavity Basket Acting as a Host for Inclusion Complexation of Mitoxantrone in Biotic and Abiotic Systems
Authors: Pavlović Radoslav Z. , Finnegan Tyler J. , Metlushko Anna , Hansen Alexandar L. , Waudby Christopher A. , Wang Xiuze , Hoefer Nicole , McComb David W. , Pavić Aleksandar , Plackić Nikola , Novaković Jovana , Bradić Jovana , Jeremić Nevena , Jakovljević Vladimir , Šmit Biljana , Matić Sanja , Alvarez‐Saavedra Matias A. , Čapo Ivan , Moore Curtis E. , Stupp Samuel I. , Badjić Jovica D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe describe the preparation, dynamic, assembly characteristics of vase‐shaped basket 13− along with its ability to form an inclusion complex with anticancer drug mitoxantrone in abiotic and biotic systems. This novel cavitand has a deep nonpolar pocket consisting of three naphthalimide sides fused to a bicyclic platform at the bottom while carrying polar glycines at the top. The results of 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), 1H NMR Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST), Calorimetry, Hybrid Replica Exchange Molecular Dynamics (REMD), and Microcrystal Electron Diffraction (MicroED) measurements are in line with 1 forming dimer [12]6−, to be in equilibrium with monomers 1(R)3− (relaxed) and 1(S)3− (squeezed). Through simultaneous line‐shape analysis of 1H NMR data, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters characterizing these equilibria were quantified. Basket 1(R)3− includes anticancer drug mitoxantrone (MTO2+) in its pocket to give stable binary complex [MTO⊂1]− (Kd=2.1 μM) that can be precipitated in vitro with UV light or pH as stimuli. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the basket is nontoxic, while at a higher proportion with respect to MTO it reduced its cytotoxicity in vitro. With well‐characterized internal dynamics and dimerization, the ability to include mitoxantrone, and biocompatibility, the stage is set to develop sequestering agents from deep‐cavity baskets.