bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Torque-Balanced Sour-Service Cable and Intelligent Extreme Wireline Tractor Enables Access to Deepest Sour Reservoirs in UAE
Authors: Varghese M. , Benserradj M. L. , Woods J. , Varkey J. , Cevallos A. , Chang S. , Mangum J. , Nigmetullin K. , Correia G. M. , Mustafa H. , Gadelhak A. , Bazuhair A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Advanced torque-balanced sour-service wireline cable in combination with an intelligent sour-service slim tractor overcomes wireline conveyance challenges to obtain high-quality production logging and well integrity data from extended-reach drilling (ERD) wells in a hostile environment. Using the data obtained by this method, the operator evaluated the well production profile, confirmed the reservoir properties, and assessed the integrity of wells. The use of this technique also enabled the operator to successfully restore the production in a well with malfunctioning inflow control devices (ICDs). Wireline conveyance in ultra-sour, deep ERD wells is extremely challenging due to the limitations of existing conveyance technologies.
This paper presents an innovative method of combining a torque-balanced sour-service wireline cable and an intelligent sour-service slim tractor to successfully convey production logging tools in over 35 ERD wells with more than 100 cable descents including conveyance to the deepest depth ever in a sour well in the UAE. The following methods were used: 1) Model well tortuosity to estimate tractor forces and navigation challenges. 2) Select a high-strength, torque-balanced, sour-service cable, and a small-diameter, intelligent, sour-service tractor. 3) Design a fit-for-purpose tool configuration and operation strategy to navigate complex completions. 4) Establish a core team of key personnel from field operations and the operator with direct feedback to the product manufacturing center to enhance equipment design and performance.
Deep reservoir access up to 26,870 ft was achieved. Successful navigation through step changes between the upper and lower completion and across multiple ICDs demonstrated the tractor's ability to traverse varying internal diameters throughout the intervention. The interventions represent over 480,000 ft of cumulative tractoring. Simultaneous acquisition of production log data while tractoring down ensured superior quality of data and improved efficiency of the operation. Repeatable and reliable performance of equipment enabled rapid turnaround between operations. Accurate determination of horizontal lateral zonal contributions, fluid source, completion integrity, and reservoir saturation were made possible for the first time in this field.
Successful deployment of this combined conveyance solution has created a paradigm shift for safe and efficient intervention of extended reach development wells with high H2S/CO2 concentrations.
Revolutionary Electrical-Mechanical Punching Solution for Remediation of Declining Hydrocarbon Production
Authors: Mourani Houssam , Rustan Jon-Erik Stølen , Owen Edward Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An operator on the Norwegian Continental Shelf was confronted with declining production of hydrocarbons, making a particular well no longer profitable. The typical solution for this issue is to sidetrack and recomplete, however, this method is both time-consuming and costly.
The existing completion of the well included multiple sand screens, where production of hydrocarbons was achieved through a single narrow nozzle for each screen. It was believed that these nozzles were fully blocked by scale and/or sand, and a potential solution was to punch or perforate the basepipe. However, any accidental puncturing of the screens would open the door to the possibility of increased sand production and would eventually kill the well. The only acceptable tolerance for penetration depth was 1.75 mm (0.0689″).
Explosives were ruled out as an option due to the lack of control over penetration depth, as well as the irregular shape of the holes that would be produced. Instead, an electrical-mechanical punching tool was chosen as the preferred solution. This tool was chosen for its precision and control of penetration depth, as well as the uniform shape of the machined holes.
Following the operator's assessment of production logging tool data, it was decided to create five holes at every 60° increment in the two deepest sand screens to increase the flow area through the screen. Precision and control of penetration depth were of the utmost importance. The remaining sand screens in the well were isolated by a straddle to prevent excessive gas production.
The intervention was completed in December 2020, with both of the targeted sand screens punched in one run utilizing a combination of an electrical-mechanical punching tool and a mechanical rotational sub to ensure correct tool orientation. As of the beginning of June, 2023, the operator has kept the well in production due to the significant shift in hydrocarbon production rates.
This study presents an innovative and cost-effective solution that eliminated the need for a costly workover recompletion operation and, prevented the potential failure of the well. By implementing the electrical-mechanical punching tool, the operator was able to remove blockages in the sand screens with precision and control, leading to a substantial increase in hydrocarbon production. This approach offers valuable insights and a viable alternative for addressing declining production in wells with similar completion configurations.
Accelerating Decarbonisation through Enterprise Level Orchestration
Authors: Prabagar M. , Kuah Y. , Uzaini M. Mohd 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The world is in a journey to achieve Net Zero Carbon Emission targets in line with the Paris Agreement to limit the rise of global average temperature to below 2degC and strive to achieve 1.5degC combating climate change. PETRONAS has taken progressive steps to position the organization by declaring Net Zero Carbon Emission by 2050 aspiration. The immediate short-term target is to cap the GHG emission by 20241. Enterprise Decarbonization unit is established to accelerate decarbonization solutions & projects across the Enterprise encompassing Upstream, Gas and Downstream Facilities. The methods utilized for the execution is first to identify the emission sources across the Enterprise through evaluation of the actual & forecasted emission profiles for the past 5 years and next 5 years. The major sources such as Flaring & Venting, Stationary Combustion, Inherent, Fugitive and Purchased Energy are categorized and mapped.
The possible solutions are also identified and mapped against the Focus Areas such as Carbon Capture and Storage, Energy Efficiency & Electrification Improvement, Zero Flaring & Venting and Renewables.1 The projects appliable to each facility are then measured quantitively in terms of their Cost, Schedule, Carbon Abatement & Project Complexity & Maturity. The projects are then ranked to an index, allowing prioritization and sequencing of high impact projects that could contribute to the target.
The projects are then executed through a 3-pronged strategies which are front loading the activities, bundling solutions for scale and pace, and advocating open innovation. A dedicated corporate decarbonization budget is also allocated to drive the decarbonization project focusing on reducing emissions.
Through the execution of the projects in a centralized and orchestrated manner, Enterprise Decarbonisation has been able to realise some early successes.
The short-term projects and programs are accelerated to achieve the target as aspired based on the Net Zero Carbon 2050 Pathway2. The novel approach in this paper is the methodology used to identify, prioritize & accelerate programs to ensure quick deployment ensuring a good portfolio sequencing.
Business Agility: Enabling PDO to Thrive in a Rapidly Changing World
Authors: Al Ghafri Z. S. , Al Aufi Y. A. , Al Bahri L. Y. , Al Yazeedi Z. A. , Al Kindi T. S. , Crampin T. , Hillgartner H. O. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Agile methodology is one of the important and popular approaches used in project management. It is widely implemented in software development, and it shows success results in the implementation. Unlike waterfall approach, Agile drives the team to work simultaneously on different phases of the project, that's why it's known to be faster and more adoptive. It also emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and enable continuous improvement.
The waterfall approach, is a linear system of working that manages projects step by step, where project phase does not advance until the earlier phase completed and receives final approval (Figure 1)
With the internet taking the world to another era in mid 1990s, the traditional project management approaches found to be outdated. These approaches didn't allow the developers to be responsive enough to the dynamic changes happening in the market. Therefore, looking for alternative for theses outdated approaches became an urgent need to survive in the market.
Integration of Multi-Well Ultra-Deep Resistivity Inversions to Map Oil-Water Contact at Reservoir Scale
Authors: Bikchandaev E. , Fouda M. , Taher A. , Abdulmohsin M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ultra-deep resistivity is a necessary measurement in well placement operations, for detecting secondary reservoirs over 100ft from the wellbore and steering in the optimum target zone to maximize well productivity. The data provides deeper understanding of the subsurface geology and is usually analyzed on a well-to-well basis. A new workflow has been developed to integrate data from different wells for mapping fluid contacts to optimize future well placement to maximize productivity.
Ultra-deep resistivity measurements are inverted real-time to produce models of the sub-surface geology. The resulting models, along with supporting LWD data have the following applications: geomapping of the target zone (formation dip and thickness); deep detection of oil-water contacts (OWC) to maintain standoff distances; geosteering in targets avoiding reservoir exits; geomapping resistive or conductive layers above and below trajectory if present. This data has been acquired from several wells and OWC grids created based on inversions for three neighboring wells. One of the wells has a proven OWC level confirmation. The structural surfaces created reflect the distribution of the OWC in the drilling area.
Inversion results integrated with geological models reduce the uncertainties for far field fluid mapping. The OWC does not have a single sustained vertical depth, it displays vertical depth variations (water coning) across the area under investigation. The general trend follows the structural surfaces of the target formation. However, the OWC level can vary along the well path up to 10-20 ft true vertical depth over 300 ft of measured depth footage. Identifying and measuring these changes during drilling helps to optimize the completion design to maximize production. Additionally, it helps to improve and optimize the planning of future wells planned for the area.
Ultra-deep resistivity inversions integrated with the geological model provide critical information for OWC characterization at the reservoir scale. This new workflow helps to increase sweep efficiency and optimize the wells productivity, by taking advantage of the information available real-time to identify the position of the OWC along a target well path.
Challenges in Implementing a Corrosion Monitoring Operating Envelope Program in Matured Offshore Operations
Authors: Zulkafli H. S. , On A. A. , Nair K. , Kerisnan V. G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the current operational dynamics, relying solely on past records and known equipment conditions to become the basis for Corrosion Management for specific equipment or systems may no longer be adequate. It is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of the process and operating conditions, as well as the resulting damage mechanisms, to develop and maintain the equipment and systems' integrity.
Effective corrosion monitoring can maximize the likelihood of detecting potential increased damage rates or appearance of new credible damage mechanisms. Corrosion monitoring strategies and plans should be adaptable and consider evolving process conditions and the current state of equipment. Particularly with the adoption of risk-based corrosion management approach, it has become increasingly crucial to identify and monitor the process closely against the predetermined operating envelopes.
Understanding the importance for proactive corrosion monitoring to be able to control the degradation rates and/or avoid the occurrence of new damage mechanisms that might eventually lead to loss of containment, it is compulsory to have a systematic Corrosion Monitoring System (CMS) in place to effective corrosion management. Corrosion Management Plan (CMP) specifies the necessary requirements for each identified damage mechanism applicable to the specific assets.
Remote Wells Wireless Integrity Monitoring – Field to Desk (FTD)
Authors: Yusubov Tural , Malek Matar Bani , Vähäkangas Teemu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Well Integrity Management is essential to the Asset Integrity Management (AIM) process. In Remote and Marginal fields, the key to success in AIM is agility which requires continuous monitoring and the ability to predict any potential failure. The conventional method of data collection in remote fields requires periodic (from weeks to months) field trips, which has relevant costs and risks impacted with other challenges such as: Data collection on site: traveling to the site and human exposure to HSE risks (H2S, high pressure, hydrocarbons, etc)Data communication: infrequent data losses due to sites remote locationsData quality: human involvement in the process introduces potential errors and noises in the data
This paper presents a comprehensive study on the successful pilot conducted by Al Yasat Petroleum, an oil and gas industry company, in collaboration with CREOWAVE. The objective of the pilot was to test wireless communication pressure and temperature technology using the GSM network and LoRa data communication method. The technology was applied to monitor the Well Integrity status of two onshore remote wells over a period of two years. The paper discusses the effectiveness, benefits, and potential of this technology in improving operational efficiency, reducing HSE risks, and minimizing costs associated with well integrity management.
Successful Pipe Recovery Solutions in Unique Stuck Scenarios for Coiled Tubing and Downhole Completions
Authors: AlMarzooqi A. , Faqir A. M. , Nasr K. K. , Bana S. , Baca Espinoza I. , Garzon C. , Abushamat A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Considering the advancement of smart completions getting stuck downhole is a high risk in today's working environment. To avoid incurred costs in a rig and rig spread rates, it is eminent to have reliable and quick pipe recovery tools (PRT) and methods for special cases. To complete this challenge the nonexplosive plasma punchers and cutters play an important role.
Convectional PRT utilizes HAZMAT materials and involves both HSE and logistical challenges increasing the delivery times to the wellsite for direct execution. This step is bypassed for non-explosive plasma PRT. The slim coiled tubing (CT) recovery puncher and cutter range from ¾″ to 1″ in size; applicable on 1 ¾″ - 2″ CT produces a clean cut for further fishing intervention. For unconventional cases where the standard tools cannot pass the slimmer PRT is required. Finally, a serious challenge is packer mandrels with cut/release windows &lt; 1-2ft could be addressed by plasma PRT.
The Adnoc Offshore real results include 4 successful CT recovery operations mobilized in under 24 hours and successfully executed as low as 10 hours of operating time. The plasma PRT also helped to recover the stuck dual completions with small restrictions and managed to cut at points with deviation &gt;80 degrees. Moreover, the PRT can cut in any pipe condition such as in neutral, compression, or under tension allowing to perform the job prior to the rig move. Having the ability to cut in restrictive conditions with high accuracy, more than 100's successful nonexplosive PRT punchers and plasma cutter run with very high success rates.
The non-explosive PRT can be air shipped by chopper to offshore locations minimizing downtime on logistics such as vessel availability, and weather challenges. It is fulfilling the governmental security requirements for HAZMAT logistics, storage, and handling that are restrictive to the explosives or chemicals PRTs.
Innovative Isolation of In-service Pipelines Using STATS Remote Tecno Plug for Modification Works
Authors: Chandran Jimesh , Bowie Angus , Menon Unnikrishnan , Backer Mohsin , Eisa Zayed Mohammed , Gor Chirag Madhusudan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Isolating operating pipelines for modifications without production impact is a challenge that Oil &Gas industry faces regularly during projects and maintenance works.
This paper details innovative non-intrusive isolation of 2 (two) ADNOC Onshore Crude oil pipelines transferring total 680MBOD using STATS Remote Tecnoplug to carry out project modification works without impacting production. The objective of this paper is to present an alternative isolation technique for pipelines with space constraints to deploy conventional hot tap and stopple operations
Large-Scale Acid Jetting of Smart Liner Completions - Learnings and the Way Ahead
Authors: Mogensen K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSmart Liners rely on the limited-entry principle where a number of small holes act to distribute acid along the un-cemented reservoir section. Over the past two years, this technique has become a key method for matrix-acid stimulation of ADNOC's carbonate reservoirs. The objective of this paper is to summarize the learnings from more than 100 deployments and tie together the key elements of the hole spacing design, the stimulation job execution, and the performance monitoring.A software algorithm generates the hole spacing design to honor a predefined acid flow distribution along the drain length. Quantification of the stimulation efficiency is addressed in several ways. First, the baseline well performance is established with production tests covering several months and in some cases accompanied by a pre-stimulation production logging test (PLT). The stimulation job is then analyzed to derive the transient injectivity improvement versus acid volume pumped. After the stimulation, the stabilized performance is analyzed in terms of production testing and occasionally a pressure buildup survey and a PLT.Results have so far been very encouraging. Smart Liners have been deployed predominantly in oil producers and water injectors but a few implementations have targeted tight gas reservoirs. A typical steady-state productivity gain is 100-150% above the baseline unstimulated well and the technique consistently outperforms conventional matrix-acid stimulation techniques. The post-stimulation PLT's show that the entire wellbore contributes to flow, even in extended-reach wells. The majority of the efficiency improvement seems to occur with an acid coverage of 0.5 bbl/ft but some wells benefit from higher acid dosages. A wormhole model developed specifically for this completion-stimulation method can reproduce the observations and helps guide designs of future stimulation jobs by suggesting modifications to the hole spacing, which will improve the performance improvement using less acid volume.
Quick Technique to Identify Individual Stage Contribution in Multi Stage Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Alhaqbani M. , Almurayshid R. , Aleid F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Currently there are many techniques being used by the oil and gas industry to identify individual stage production contribution. These include PTA (pressure transient analysis), PLT (production logging tools) and chemical tracers as examples. Although these conventional techniques could be accurate, they still have limitations and uncertainties due to the required interpretation process. Furthermore, they are costly since equipment require rental and continuous operational time.
Engineers or analyst would consume days of interpreting these techniques. In addition, might require to assume some input parameters that would lead into uncertainty in the calculated results or in some cases non-presentative model. The present paper topic provides quick and simple technique to estimate individual stage contribution as accurate as conventional tools, without need for using expensive or sophisticated technology.
Centralized Predictive Analytics and Diagnostics Platform
Authors: Hanif Fawaz , Al Ameri Ahmed S. , Al Zaabi Ahmed Abdulla 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
ADNOC Onshore operates 11 oil and gas fields spans around 12,000 km2 concession areas across BAB, NEB, Bu Hasa and South East production assets and two export terminals in Jebel Dhanna and Fujairah. ADNOC Onshore also operates vast pipeline network through which oil is transported from the oil fields to export terminals.
Rotating equipment used in the oil and gas business are the heart of production and processing plants. Rotating equipment are used to mobilize oil and gas throughout the process units to achieve desired production targets. Therefore, maintaining the equipment's reliability with high availability is imperative. The rotating equipment needs to be maintained and operated in a manner that continuous oil/gas production is achieved.
Any unwanted disruption with the equipment may result in issues like production and revenue loss, process safety concerns, environmental concerns, machine health and availability issues. Therefore, continuous condition monitoring and preventive maintenance of equipment is a key driver for minimizing abrupt equipment downtimes.
Due to ongoing strategical initiatives of production sustainability and enhancement, the mandate on production critical rotating equipment availability is also growing. It became imperative to predict machine failures in advance to take proactive mitigative actions. ADNOC Onshore collaborated with parent company ADNOC Upstream to deploy machine learning based CPAD solution coupled with thermodynamics first principles, for major rotating equipment condition monitoring across ADNOC Onshore assets while capitalizing on IT-OT existing infrastructure.