bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revelation The Trinity as the Basis of God’s Relationship with Humanity
Authors: Butin Philip Walker 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The title, “The Knowledge of God the Creator, “ which Calvin gave to Book I, corre-sponds broadly with the first article of the early baptismal creed that had traditionally been called the “Apostles’ Creed.’’1 Yet, when his actual systematic argument is care-fully analyzed, the theme of Book I must be specified more precisely. As we have shown earlier,2 Calvin’s concern here is not so much to treat the divine work of “cre-ation “ per se3 as to argue that in order to know the true God who is our Creator, God’s trinitarian self-revelation is necessary.
Redemption The Trinity as the Pattern of God's Relationship with Humanity
Authors: Butin Philip Walker 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We have seen that, for Calvin, only God’s trinitarian self-revelation leads to the knowledge of the true God that is the basis of the divine-human relationship. It was noted, but not fully spelled out earlier, that this genuine knowledge of the true God is only available to those who are the recipients of God’s gracious redemption in Christ. According to Calvin, this redemption, while focused on the mediation of the second person of the Trinity, is at its deepest level the perichoretically united work of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. In the divine work of redemption, then, we can say that the Trinity constitutes the pattern1 of the divine-human relationship.
Church, Trinity, and Contextuality
Authors: Butin Philip Walker 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Thus far, a major portion of the 1559 Institutes has remained unaccounted for in our constructive exposition of the trinitarian character of Calvin’s vision of the divine-human relationship. Calvin himself had a settled tendency to divide the bap-tismal creed into four, rather than three articles.1 In spite of various theories to the contrary, it is most likely that the four Books of the 1559 Institutes reflect this prefer-ence, at least in very broad outline.2 If we continue to pursue our hypothesis that the larger paradigm for Calvin’s Christian vision has a trinitarian basis, pattern, and dynamic, then how do we understand Book IV and its contents? The final book of the Institutes is entitled, “The External Means or Supports by Which God Invites Us into the Society of Christ and Holds Us Therein. “ It consists of extended discussions of several of the most urgent and controversial theological issues of the Reformation: those of the church, the sacraments, and civil government. To a significant extent, the more abstract and theoretical doctrinal issues (including the doctrine of the Trinity) that were debated in the Reformation arose out of more pressing discussions centered around these three concrete, practical headings of theology.
The African Imagination
Authors: Irele F Abiola 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ever since the advent of African literature in the late 1950s and early 1960s, critics have been occupied with providing an account of its distinctive features and arriving at a definition of its specific nature. Most notable among these critics was Janheinz Jahn, who proposed the term “neo-African literature” to cover the specific corpus of writings produced by Blacks in the modem age and in the European languages, on both sides of the Atlantic; these writings were distinguished by a fundamental unity not only of reference but also of vision Oahn, 1961, 1966). His approach consisted of positing a structure of mind common to members of the black race, an informing principle of a collective vision of the world. This vision was presumed to be discoverable in specific modes of traditional African thought as expounded by scholars such as Placide Tempels, Marcel Griaule, and Alexis Kagame. For Jahn, this structure of mind and this collective vision are manifested in one form or another in the imaginative expression of Black writers, both Africans and those of African descent. Jahn’s approach, which derives from the essentialist tenets of the Negritude movement, is summed up in his use of the concept nommo as the operative factor of neo-Africanism in literature: the word is conceived as a living principle, an active force to be deployed in the writer’s confrontation with experience.
Religious Conciliation Between the Sandinistas and the East Coast Indians of Nicaragua
Authors: Nichols Bruce 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Successive colonial interventions in Nicaragua by Spain, Britain, and the United States left a legacy of chronic domestic instability. Throughout the 1980s, one of the surrogate conflicts of the Cold War pitted the Soviet-supported Sandinista government against the U.S.-backed contras. Sometimes developing in parallel to that confrontation, sometimes intersecting it was a different type of conflict. The Sandinistas, upon coming to power in 1979, had failed to comprehend the culture of the Indians of the East Coast and had infringed on their sovereignty. Many Indians fled to neighboring Honduras and Costa Rica from which they waged a war of resistance, a fight for regional autonomy from the Sandinista government.
World Religions and Conflict Resolution
Authors: Cox Harvey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The story is told of the late John Foster Dulles that, during one of the recurrent conflicts between Israel and its Arab neighbors, he invited an Israeli and a Syrian representative-the first a Jew, the second a Muslim-to have a private heart-to-heart conversation with him. When they met, the secretary of state warmly shook hands with each of them, then smiled and asked, “Why can’t we all sit down together and work this thing out like Christian gentlemen?”
Denominations: Who and What are We Studying?
Authors: Ammerman Nancy T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This, we are told, is an opportune moment for reassessing how we do denominational studies. For much of this century, denominational study fell on hard times because denominations had become something of an embarrassment to the sort of scholars who inhabited most universities. If religion was a concern at all, it was certainly in a more universalistic (or, at the other extreme, more exotic) form than denominations. As H. Richard Niebuhr pointed out, American denominations were more a matter of region and ethnicity, race and class, than matters of differences in deeply held beliefs and practices.1 In an eagerness to heal these human divisions, scholars paid more attention to ecumenism than to the stories of individual denominations.
The South and the Politics of Identify
Authors: Cobb James C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Saturday Reviews 1976 Description of the South as “the New America” had seemed to suggest not only that the region’s long run as the nation’s “other” had finally come to an end but that a once ostracized Dixie might now actually show a stricken and uncertain nation how to rise above its divisions and doubts. Within a decade, however, many liberal observers were blaming the South’s strong and still strengthening influence on national affairs for the emergence of what struck them as a very different “New America;’ this one rigidly conservative and at times even reactionary, its racism and intolerance, social indifference, and sometimes, its downright meanness, almost palpable. In reality, of course, the fast-evaporating vision of the South as national redeemer and reconciler had been little more than wishful thinking in the first place. Although southern white leaders had been stressing the South’s fundamental Americanness since the secession crisis, they had spoken not of a”new” inclusive, empathetic, ultra-tolerant America but an older one defined by uncritical adherence to political and moral absolutes and social laissez-faire.
The Evangelical Rhetoric of Ramon Llull
Authors: Johnston Mark D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ramon Llull (1232-1316), born on Majorca, was one of the most remarkable lay intellectuals of the thirteenth century. He devoted much of his life to promoting missions among unbelievers, the reform of Western Christian society, and personal spiritual perfection. He wrote over 200 philosophical and theological works in Catalan, Latin, and Arabic. Many of these expound on his “Great Universal Art of Finding Truth,” an idiosyncratic dialectical system that he thought capable of proving Catholic beliefs to non-believers. This study offers the first full-length analysis of his theories about rhetoric and preaching, which were central to his evangelizing activities. It explains how Llull attempted to synthesize commonplace advice about courtly speech and techniques of popular sermons into a single program for secular and sacred eloquence that would necessarily promote love of God and neighbor. Llull’s work is a remarkable testimony to the diffusion of clerical culture among educated lay-people of his era, and to their enthusiasm for applying that knowledge in pursuit of learning and piety. This book should find a place on the shelf of every scholar of medieval history, religion, and rhetoric.
Spiral of Cynicism
Authors: Cappella Joseph N , Jamieson Kathleen Hall 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Why do some citizens vote while others do not? Why does less than half of the American voting public routinely show up at the polls? Why is it that the vast majority of political issues affecting our day-to-day lives fail to generate either public interest or understanding? These questions have troubled political scientists for decades. Here, Kathleen Hall Jamieson and Joseph N. Cappella provide the first conclusive evidence to date that it is indeed the manner in which the print and broadcast media cover political events and issues that fuels voter non-participation. This book illustrates precisely how the media’s heavy focus on the game of politics, rather than on its substance, starts a “spiral of cynicism” that directly causes an erosion of citizen interest and, ultimately, citizen participation. Having observed voters who watched and read different sets of reports—some saturated in strategy talk, others focused on the real issues—the authors show decisive links between the way in which the media covers campaigns’ and voters’ levels of cynicism and participation. By closely monitoring media coverage among sample audiences for both the recent mayoral race in Philadelphia and the national health care reform debate, the authors confront issues concerning the effects of issue-based and competitive-based political coverage. Finally, they address the question repeatedly asked by news editors, “Will the public read or watch an alternative media coverage that has more substance? ” The answer their findings so clearly reveal is “yes.” Spiral of Cynicism is a pioneering work that will urge the media to take a close look at how it covers political events and issues, as well as its degree of culpability in current voter dissatisfaction, cynicism, and non-participation. For, in these pages, a possible cure to such ills is just what Jamieson and Cappella have to offer. Moreover, their work is likely to redefine the terms of the very debate on how politics should be covered in the future.
De gula
Authors:   Regan
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Questio est de gula. Et primo queritur utrum gula semper sit peccatum. Et uidetur quod non. Nullus enim peccat in eo quod uitare non potest, ut Augustinus dicit in libro De libero arbitrio. Set gulam nullus uitare potest: dicit enim Gregorius in XXX Moralium quod “per esum uoluptas necessitate miscetur; quid necessitas petat et quid uoluptas suppetat ignoratur”. Ergo gula non est peccatum.
Reassembling Daisy Miller
Authors: Wardley Lynn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When, at the end of the nineteenth century, critics of the “New Woman” discovered in her the features of the androgynethe person who “flirted with hermaphroditism”-their description might have applied just as well to the person who grew up alongside her, the male or the female adolescent (Smith-Rosenberg 260). In this essay I argue that Henry James’s “Daisy Miller: A Study” (1878) figures forth in Daisy the androgynous body constructed in popular nineteenth-century accounts of adolescence. If, as Frederick Winterboume sees it, Daisy Miller oscillates between masculine and feminine identifications, she also oscillates between American and alien, savage and citizen, parvenu and natural aristocrat. Set in Switzerland and in Rome, “Daisy Miller” chronicles the behavior of Americans abroad. But it also depicts a displaced landscape of North American immigration and the nativist’s anxiety about the American girl’s intimacy with a handsome Italian. Although Daisy’s “archetypal” (Welter 3), near “mythic” (Fiedler 298-300) influence has long been recorded, as has her migration from nouvelle to etiquette manual, no study has sufficiently accounted for her staying power as an American type.1 Part One of this essay begins to reinterpret Daisy Miller’s impressive reach by suggesting that her story be read in light of certain transformations in education in the postbellum and post-Darwinian US. Part Two attempts a more detailed explication of “Daisy Miller” to show that as Winterboume steps in to reeducate the flirtatious
The Religious World of kīrti Śrī
Authors: Holt John Clifford 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this interdisciplinary inquiry, John Clifford Holt seeks to uncover how Buddhism was understood and expressed during the waning years of indigenous political power in Asia's oldest continuing Buddhist culture. Holt focuses on King Kirti Sri Rajasinha and how, despite powerful and persistent Dutch colonial threats and a deeply suspicious Kandyan Buddhist Sinhalese aristocracy, he successfully revived Sinhalese Theravada Buddhism. As Holt demonstrates, Kirti Sri succeeded in formulating his vision of an orthodox Buddhism in a number of ways: through the patronage of monastic sanha and re-establishing traditional lines of ordination, translating the Pali suttas into Sinhala, sponsoring public Buddhist religious rites, and refurbishing almost all Buddhist temples in the Kandyan culture region. The ultimate aim of Holt's study is to describe and interpret Kirti Sri's articulation of a normative Buddhist world, the essentials of which remain normative for many Buddhists in the Kandyan region of Sri Lanka today. Scholars and students will find The Religious World of Kirti Sri is an indispensable resource for the understanding of orthodox Buddhism at this important historical juncture, as well as the present day.
Bad Kids
Authors: Feld Barry C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Written by a leading scholar of juvenile justice, this book examines the social and legal changes that have transformed the juvenile court in the last three decades from a nominally rehabilitative welfare agency into a scaled-down criminal court for young offenders. It explores the complex relationship between race and youth crime to explain both the Supreme Court decisions to provide delinquents with procedural justice and the more recent political impetus to "get tough" on young offenders. This provocative book will be necessary reading for criminal and juvenile justice scholars, sociologists, legislators, and juvenile justice personnel.
The Social Construction of Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Feld Barry C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The ideas of childhood and adolescence as distinct developmental I stages and the belief that young people between about seven and seventeen years of age constitute a separate category with special needs represent relatively recent historical phenomena. While infants’ and young children’s biological or physical dependence may demarcate them from adults, to a much greater degree, social and cultural assumptions and legal strictures determine the status of adolescents. The variability of childhood and adolescence across cultures, time, and human experience greatly outweighs the universal and constant features attributable to innate biological development.
Procedural Justice in Juvenile Courts Law on the Books and Law in Action
Authors: Feld Barry C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Procedure and substance intertwine inextricably in juvenile courts. Progressives envisioned an informal court that made decisions in the child’s “best interests.” The Supreme Court in Gault emphasized the disjunctions between rehabilitative rhetoric and punitive reality and required greater procedural safeguards in juvenile courts (In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 [1967]). Although Gault provided impetus for the procedural convergence between juvenile and criminal courts, a substantial gulf remains between theory and reality, between the “law on the books” and the “law in action.” Theoretically, the Constitution and state laws entitle delinquents to formal trials and assistance of counsel. In reality, juvenile courts try youths using procedures to which few adults would consent. More than three decades ago, the Supreme Court in Kent v. United States observed that “the child receives the worst of both worlds: he gets neither the protections accorded to adults nor the solicitous care and regenerative treatment postulated for children” (383 U.S. 541,556 [1966], emphasis added). In the “worst of both worlds” of contemporary juvenile justice youths continue to receive neither therapy nor justice, but instead experience punishment without the criminal procedural safeguards provided to adults.
Traurnatic Memories
Authors: Kolk Bessel A Van Der 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Trauma, by definition, is the result of exposure to an inescapably stressful event that overwhelms people’s coping mechanisms. This makes the study of traumatic memories a special challenge, since it simply is impossible to present laboratory subjects with the sort of life-threatening stimuli that may give rise to the sensory reexperiences (in the form of flashbacks and nightmares) that are characteristic of postraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). When Roger Pitman (personal communication, 1994) showed normal college students a movie depicting actual executions, even this failed to provoke the sorts of intrusive memories that we see in PTSD. This raises the critical question whether tests using normal subjects exposed to videotaped stresses in the laboratory bear any relevance to the study of how people process traumatic events.
Women, Ministry, and Church Order In Early Christianity
Authors: Cardman Francine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recognized by Paul as “coworkers,” women were apostles, missionaries, and leaders of house-churches in the early decades after the death and resurrection of Jesus. But as Christianity made its way through the Greco-Roman world, women’s leadership and ministry were increasingly pushed to the margins of evolving church structures. The process of institutionalization of the churches was already under way by the end of the first century CE; by the end of the fourth, it was essentially complete. As Christian churches assumed their place among the social, political, and religious institutions of late antiquity, they began to take on the values of their culture, particularly in regard to gender roles and the ordering of family and society.
The Grief of God
Authors: Ross Ellen M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries images of a wounded and bloody Christ proliferated in England, appearing in sermons, drama, church decorations, and spiritual treatises. Some scholars see these graphic portrayals of suffering as signs of a new emphasis on Jesus's humanity, while others see renewed emphasis on a terrifying God of vengeance. Ross, however, argues that these explanations have misunderstood the nature of medieval attitudes toward the suffering Christ. Analysing a wide range of textual and pictorial evidence, she finds that in their encounters with the wounded Jesus - the Saviour whose blood nurtures, feeds, and heals human persons - medieval believers found the God of mercy and love.
Mae West
Authors: Watts Jill 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Why don’t you come up and see me some time? Mae West invited and promptly captured the imagination of generations. Even today, years after her death, the actress and author is still regarded as the pop archetype of secual wantonness and ribald humour. But who was this saucy starlet, a woman who was controversial enough to be jailed, pursued by film censors and banned from the airwaves for the revolutionary content of her work, and yet would ascend to the status of a film legend? Sifting through previously untapped sources, author Jill Watts unravels the enigmatic life of Mae West, tracing her early years spent in the Brooklyn subculture of boxers and underworlkd figures, nad follows her journey through vaudeville, Broadway, and finally, Hollywood, where she quickly became one of the big screen’s most popular - and colourfulstars. Exploring West’s penchant for contradiction and her carefully perpetuated paradoxes, Watts convincingly argues that Mae West borrowed haeavily from African Americna culture, music, adance and humour. Viewing West as a trickster, Watts demonstrates that by appropriating for her character the black tradition of double-speak and “signifying”, West also may have hinted at her own African-American ancestry and the phenomenon of a black woman passing for white. This absolutely fascinating study is the first comprehensive interpretive account of Mae West’s life and work. It reveals a beloved icon as a radically subversive artist consiously creating her own complex image.
Community Policing Chicago Style
Authors: Skogan Wesley G , Hartnett Susan M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Police departments across the country are busily “reinventing” themselves, adopting a new style known as “community policing”. This approach to policing involves organizational decentralization, new channels of communication with the public, a commitment to responding to what the community thinks their priorities ought to be, and the adoption of a broad problem-solving approach to neighborhood issues. Police departments that succeed in adopting this new stance have an entirely different relationship to the public that they serve. Chicago made the transition, embarking on what is now the nation’s largest and most impressive community policing program. This book, the first to examine such a project, looks in depth at all aspects of the program--why it was adopted, how it was adopted, and how well it has worked.
The Impact of CAPS on Neighborhood Life
Authors: Skogan Wesley G , Hartnett Susan M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the impact of CAPS in the prototype districts. It details changes, over time, in program recognition, popular assessments of the quality of police service, and trends in neighborhood problems. We find that the program did not appear to market itself effectively, for there was little increase in the recognition of CAPS as a special police-community program. On the other hand, residents of most prototype districts detected positive changes in policing during its first year of operation. The visibility of community-oriented projects and activities went up, and residents of most of the prototype districts found the police more responsive to community concerns. Perceptions of police misconduct declined in several areas, and especially among African-Americans. There was also evidence that the program led to a significant decline in crime-related problems in three prototypes; drug- and gang problem declines in two districts; and significant decreases in levels of physical decay in two areas.