bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mengenal Lebih Dekat Satwa Langka Indonesia dan Memahami Pelestariannya
Authors: Antonius YPBC Widyatmoko  , Ayu Diyah Setiyani  , Bayu Wisnu Broto  , Diah Irawati Dwi Arini  , Edy Sudiono  , Endang Karlina  , Fajri Ansari  , ILG Nurtjahjaningsih  , Indra ASLP Putri  , Kayat  , Margareta Christita  , Mariana Takandjandji  , Maryatul Qiptiyah  , Mohamad Arif Rifqi  , Mukhlisi  , Nur M Heriyanto  , Oki Hidayat  , Raden Garsetiasih  , Reny Sawitri  , Richard Gatot Nugroho Triantoro  , Rozza Tri Kwatrina  , Sofian Iskandar  , Sriyanti Puspita Barus  , Tri H. Kuswoyo  , Tri Sayektiningsih  , Vivi Yuskianti  , Vivin Silvaliandra Sihombing  , Wanda Kuswanda  , Anita Rianti  
Published: November 2023

Indonesia adalah negara negara megabiodisersity. Meskipun luas wilayahnya hanya 1,3% dari luas muka bumi, namun Indonesia memiliki 12% mamalia, 16% reptilia, 10% tumbuhan, 25% ikan dan 17% burung yang ada di dunia. Pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai upaya perlindungan, pengawetan dan pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati, antara lain melalui pencadangan kawasan hutan sebagai hutan konservasi seperti taman nasional, cagar alam, suaka margasatwa, taman wisata alam, taman hutan raya, dan taman buru. Disamping itu, pemerintah juga menetapkan jenis-jenis tumbuhan dan satwa yang dilindungi melalui Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor P.106/MenLHK/Setjen/KUM.1/12/2018. Upaya konservasi satwa juga dilakukan melalui penyusunan Strategi dan Rencana Aksi Konservasi spesies yang terancam punah serta penetapan 25 spesies prioritas.
Peningkatan populasi 25 spesies prioritas sebesar 10% dari baseline data 2013 merupakan salah satu yang akan dicapai pemerintah. Upaya peningkatan populasi tersebut antara lain dilakukan melalui pembinaan populasi, penanggulangan konflik, perlindungan dan pengamanan, penyadartahuan, rehabilitasi dan pelepasliaran, pengelolaan dan pengembangan pangkalan data.
Buku bunga rampai berjudul “Mengenal Lebih Dekat Satwa Langka Indonesia dan Memahami Pelestariannya” adalah karya para peneliti konservasi keanekaragaman hayati lingkup Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan yang dirancang untuk konsumsi publik dengan tujuan mengenalkan kekayaan keanekaragaman hayati satwa dan mensosialisasikan upaya-upaya konservasinya. Harapannya adalah masyarakat bertambah pengetahuannya, meningkat pemahamannya dan akhirnya berpartisipasi serta mendukung segala upaya konservasi keanekaragaman hayati pada umumnya dan satwa langka yang terancam punah pada khususnya. Buku mencakup berbagai jenis satwa liar yang ada di Indonesia dari Pulau Sumatera hingga Papua.
Anti-Arthritis, Antioxidant and Anti - Inflammatory Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Guava Leaves on Rats Exposed to High Fat Diet and Freud Adjuvant
Authors: Chinatu Nwosu Patience , Elekima Ibioku , Adeline Ben-Chioma , Holy Brown 
Published: November 2023

Guava leaves (Psidium guajava) have been used traditionally for years to treat common ailments such as Diabetes, diarrhoea, and hypertension. This study was designed to determine the anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effect of the ethanolic extract of guava leaf (Psidium guajava) on rats fed with a high-fat diet and induced arthritis using complete Freud Adjuvant. Seventy-two male and female albino rats were used in this study, the rats were grouped into 12 with 6 rats in each group, rats were fed a high-fat diet to cause hyperlipidaemia and induced rheumatoid arthritis by injecting 0.1ml of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant into their right hind paw. Group 1 was fed with normal feed and water, group 2 was made of healthy rats, fed with normal feed, water, and guava leaf extract, group 3 was fed with a high-fat diet and induced arthritis with complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) and water, group 4 received dexamethasone (6.75 mg.kg-1 orally), and groups 5 to 12 received the extract at oral doses of 250 and 750 mg/kg, respectively for a period of 28days. ELISA technique was used to analyse the inflammatory markers, antioxidants; SOD, and MDA, while the lipid profile was on a spectrophotometer. The inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, and C-reactive protein were significantly reduced in test subjects at p<0.05, HDL and SOD had no statically significant difference, while MDA was markedly reduced at p<0.05. This study demonstrates that Psidium guajava extract has significant anti-arthritic and lipid-lowering effects. Psidium guajava leaves can be developed into an alternative anti-arthritis and lipid-lowering treatment.
State Reporting Requirements for Involuntary Holds, Court-Ordered Guardianship, and the US National Firearm Background Check System
Authors: Betz Marian E. , Bowen Deirdre M. , Rowhani-Rahbar Ali , McCourt Alexander D. , Rivara Frederick P. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceFirearm violence is a leading cause of death in the US. There is broad public agreement that individuals at high risk of perpetrating violence should not be allowed to purchase or possess firearms. The National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) is a national system intended to stop firearm purchases or possession by prohibited persons, but there is heterogeneity in how states interact with and report data to NICS.ObjectiveTo examine variability in state requirements for NICS reporting for mental health prohibitions.Design and SettingThis cross-sectional study in the US reviewed current statutes for all 50 states and the District of Columbia (enacted through the 2021 legislative session) regarding reporting mental health prohibitions to NICS or state systems. Data were analyzed from October 2022 to April 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFor each state, the following were recorded: reliance on Federal Bureau of Investigation vs state point of contact for NICS checks; regulation requiring or allowing reporting to NICS for 3 hypothetical cases; and details on reporting responsibility and time frame. The number of NICS listings for adjudicated mental health reasons was obtained, and state rates per 1000 population were calculated. To compare states, we developed 3 hypothetical cases of individuals with risk of firearm violence, whether possibly temporary (involuntary commitment for decompensated psychosis, or involuntary short-term psychiatric hold for suicidal ideation) or chronic and progressive (court-appointed guardianship for dementia).ResultsA total of 40 states required and 5 allowed reporting to NICS for court-ordered, involuntary psychiatric hospitalization. Thirteen states required and 5 allowed reporting to NICS when a court determines an individual is mentally incompetent to manage their affairs (with or without guardianship). One state required NICS reporting for short-term emergency psychiatric holds. Five states and the District of Columbia had no legislation explicitly requiring or allowing NICS reporting in the 3 scenarios.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of state laws, there was substantial heterogeneity in NICS reporting requirements and lack of clarity around processes. This raises questions about the ability of NICS to be used to block firearm purchases or possession by individuals with court-identified high risk of perpetrating violence toward themselves or others.
Statin Use, Cholesterol Level, and Mortality Among Females With Breast Cancer
Authors: Murto Mika O. , Simolin Niklas , Arponen Otso , Siltari Aino , Artama Miia , Visvanathan Kala , Jukkola Arja , Murtola Teemu J. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceSeveral studies have reported an association between the use of statins and breast cancer (BC) mortality. However, most of these studies did not take into account the underlying cholesterol level.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between serum cholesterol, statin use, and BC mortality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included females with invasive BC that was newly diagnosed between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2013, in Finland. The cohort had available hormone receptor data and at least 1 cholesterol measurement. All data were obtained from Finnish national registries. Statistical analyses were performed from January to May 2022.ExposureUse of statins; statin dose; and serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels measured separately before and after BC diagnosis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresBreast cancer mortality and overall mortality between date of BC diagnosis and December 31, 2015.ResultsA total of 13 378 female patients with BC (median [IQR] age, 62 [54-69] years) participated in the study. The median (IQR) follow-up was 4.5 (2.4-9.8) years after BC diagnosis, during which 16.4% of patients died and 7.0% died of BC. Prediagnostic statin use was a risk factor for BC death even after adjustment for total cholesterol level (hazard ratio [HR], 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02-1.46; P = .03). Reduced risk for BC death was seen for postdiagnostic statin use (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73-1.00; P = .05). The risk reduction was robust in participants whose cholesterol level decreased after starting statins (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.32-0.75; P = .001) but was nonsignificant if cholesterol level did not subsequently decrease (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.34-1.40; P = .30). Reduced BC mortality among statin users was also observed in females with estrogen receptor–positive tumors (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68-0.99; P = .03). Overall mortality was lower among statin users vs nonusers when adjusted for serum cholesterol level (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.72-0.88; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this cohort study showed that postdiagnostic use of statins was associated with reduced BC mortality compared with nonuse, and the risk was associated with subsequent change in serum cholesterol level. This finding suggests that cholesterol-lowering interventions with statins may be beneficial for patients with BC.
Food Insecurity, Memory, and Dementia Among US Adults Aged 50 Years and Older
Authors: Qian Haobing , Khadka Aayush , Martinez Suzanna M. , Singh Sonali , Brenowitz Willa D. , Zeki Al Hazzouri Adina , Hill-Jarrett Tanisha G. , Glymour M. Maria , Vable Anusha M. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceDespite existing federal programs to increase access to food, food insecurity is common among US older adults. Food insecurity may affect Alzheimer disease and Alzheimer disease–related dementias via multiple mechanisms, yet there is almost no quantitative research evaluating this association.ObjectiveTo examine whether food insecurity in older adults is associated with later-life cognitive outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study of US residents aged 50 years and older from the US Health and Retirement Study was restricted to respondents with food insecurity data in 2013 and cognitive outcome data between calendar years 2014 and 2018. Analyses were conducted from June 1 to September 22, 2023.ExposureFood insecurity status in 2013 was assessed using the validated US Department of Agriculture 6-item Household Food Security Module. Respondents were classified as being food secure, low food secure, and very low food secure.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes were dementia probability and memory score (standardized to 1998 units), estimated biennially between 2014 and 2018 using a previously validated algorithm. Generalized estimation equations were fit for dementia risk and linear mixed-effects models for memory score, taking selective attrition into account through inverse probability of censoring weights.ResultsThe sample consisted of 7012 participants (18 356 person-waves); mean (SD) age was 67.7 (10.0) years, 4131 (58.9%) were women, 1136 (16.2%) were non-Hispanic Black, 4849 (69.2%) were non-Hispanic White, and mean (SD) duration of schooling was 13.0 (3.0) years. Compared with food-secure older adults, experiencing low food security was associated with higher odds of dementia (odds ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.15-1.67) as was experiencing very low food security (odds ratio, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.11-1.59). Low and very low food security was also associated with lower memory levels and faster age-related memory decline.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of older US residents, food insecurity was associated with increased dementia risk, poorer memory function, and faster memory decline. Future studies are needed to examine whether addressing food insecurity may benefit brain health.
Economic Evaluation of Blood Pressure Monitoring Techniques in Patients With Hypertension
Authors: Hayek Michelle A. , Giannouchos Theodoros , Lawley Mark , Kum Hye-Chung 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceBlood pressure monitoring is critical to the timely diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. At-home self-monitoring techniques are highly effective in managing high blood pressure; however, evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of at-home self-monitoring compared with traditional monitoring in clinical settings remains unclear.ObjectiveTo identify and synthesize published research examining the cost-effectiveness of at-home blood pressure self-monitoring relative to monitoring in a clinical setting among patients with hypertension.Evidence ReviewA systematic literature search of 5 databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, EconLit, and CINAHL) followed by a backward citation search was conducted in September 2022. Full-text, peer-reviewed articles in English including patients with high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mm Hg) at baseline were included. Data from studies comparing at-home self-monitoring with clinical-setting monitoring alternatives were extracted, and the outcomes of interest included incremental cost-effectiveness and cost-utility ratios. Non–peer-reviewed studies or studies with pregnant women and children were excluded. To ensure accuracy and reliability, 2 authors independently evaluated all articles for eligibility and extracted relevant data from the selected articles.FindingsOf 1607 articles identified from 5 databases, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were conducted in the US (6 [40%]) and in the UK (6 [40%]), and almost all studies (14 [90%]) used a health care insurance system perspective to determine costs. Nearly half the studies used quality-adjusted life-years gained and cost per 1–mm Hg reduction in blood pressure as outcomes. Overall, at-home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) was found to be more cost-effective than monitoring in a clinical setting, particularly over a minimum 10-year time horizon. Among studies comparing HBPM alone vs 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) or HBPM combined with additional support or team-based care, the latter were found to be more cost-effective.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review, at-home blood pressure self-monitoring, particularly using automatic 24-hour continuous blood pressure measurements or combined with additional support or team-based care, demonstrated the potential to be cost-effective long-term compared with care in the physical clinical setting and could thus be prioritized for patients with hypertension from a cost-effectiveness standpoint.
Physicians’ Perceptions of Clinical Decision Support to Treat Patients With Heart Failure in the ED
Authors: Casey Scott D. , Reed Mary E. , LeMaster Chris , Mark Dustin G. , Gaskin Jesse , Norris Robert P. , Sax Dana R. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceClinical decision support (CDS) could help emergency department (ED) physicians treat patients with heart failure (HF) by estimating risk, collating relevant history, and assisting with medication prescribing if physicians’ perspectives inform its design and implementation.ObjectiveTo evaluate CDS usability and workflow integration in the hands of ED physician end users who use it in clinical practice.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis mixed-methods qualitative study administered semistructured interviews to ED physicians from 2 community EDs of Kaiser Permanente Northern California in 2023. The interview guide, based on the Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design and the Sociotechnical Environment models, yielded themes used to construct an electronic survey instrument sent to all ED physicians.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMain outcomes were physicians’ perceptions of using CDS to complement clinical decision-making, usability, and integration into ED clinical workflow.ResultsSeven key informant physicians (5 [71.4%] female, median [IQR] 15.0 [9.5-15.0] years in practice) were interviewed and survey responses from 51 physicians (23 [45.1%] female, median [IQR] 14.0 [9.5-17.0] years in practice) were received from EDs piloting the CDS intervention. Response rate was 67.1% (51 of 76). Physicians suggested changes to CDS accessibility, functionality, and workflow integration. Most agreed that CDS would improve patient care and fewer than half of physicians expressed hesitation about their capacity to consistently comply with its recommendations, citing workload concerns. Physicians preferred a passive prompt that encouraged, but did not mandate, interaction with the CDS.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this qualitative study of physicians who were using a novel CDS intervention to assist with ED management of patients with acute HF, several opportunities were identified to improve usability as well as several key barriers and facilitators to CDS implementation.
Restoring eastern hellbender (Cryptobranchus a. alleganiensis) populations through translocation of headstarted individuals
Authors: Kaunert Matthew D. , Brown Ryan K. , Spear Stephen , Johantgen Peter B. , Popescu Viorel D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFreshwater biodiversity is declining at a fast pace despite significant efforts directed toward the management and conservation of aquatic systems. Eastern hellbenders are one of North America's most iconic stream amphibian species, a sentinel of stream health, and are experiencing rapid population declines throughout most of their range. Common conservation strategies include headstarting; however, the success of this strategy for rebuilding hellbender populations and the most optimal release scenarios have largely been unassessed. We use a cohort of 205 animals released in several Ohio watersheds to evaluate the success of headstarting and reintroduction efforts over 3 years. Using PIT‐tag surveys over 25 occasions between July 2018 and November 2021 and capture–recapture models, we found that 3‐year apparent survival post‐release was 0.162 ± 0.061, with lower survival in year 1 (0.383 ± 0.058) and greater in years 2 (0.696 ± 0.086) and 3 (0.609 ± 0.154). Using demographic simulations, we found that releasing cohorts of N = 100 individuals at fewer suitable sites several times (e.g., 3 releases, 2 or 3 years apart) would be a better strategy compared to single release events across multiple sites. Additional simulations showed that eastern hellbender headstarting programs using wild eggs can be highly beneficial in producing more animals reaching adulthood (up to 7 times, if survival in captivity is assumed to be 100%) compared to development in the wild. This study emphasizes the need to monitor the success of reintroduction programs and provides evidence that headstarting can be a viable strategy for rebuilding eastern hellbender populations.
Incorporating variable RBE in IMPT optimization for ependymoma
Authors: Goudarzi Hadis Moazami , Lim Gino , Grosshans David , Mohan Radhe , Cao Wenhua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeTo study the dosimetric impact of incorporating variable relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of protons in optimizing intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) treatment plans and to compare it with conventional constant RBE optimization and linear energy transfer (LET)‐based optimization.MethodsThis study included 10 pediatric ependymoma patients with challenging anatomical features for treatment planning. Four plans were generated for each patient according to different optimization strategies: (1) constant RBE optimization (ConstRBEopt) considering standard‐of‐care dose requirements; (2) LET optimization (LETopt) using a composite cost function simultaneously optimizing dose‐averaged LET (LETd) and dose; (3) variable RBE optimization (VarRBEopt) using a recent phenomenological RBE model developed by McNamara et al.; and (4) hybrid RBE optimization (hRBEopt) assuming constant RBE for the target and variable RBE for organs at risk. By normalizing each plan to obtain the same target coverage in either constant or variable RBE, we compared dose, LETd, LET‐weighted dose, and equivalent uniform dose between the different optimization approaches.ResultsWe found that the LETopt plans consistently achieved increased LET in tumor targets and similar or decreased LET in critical organs compared to other plans. On average, the VarRBEopt plans achieved lower mean and maximum doses with both constant and variable RBE in the brainstem and spinal cord for all 10 patients. To compensate for the underdosing of targets with 1.1 RBE for the VarRBEopt plans, the hRBEopt plans achieved higher physical dose in targets and reduced mean and especially maximum variable RBE doses compared to the ConstRBEopt and LETopt plans.ConclusionWe demonstrated the feasibility of directly incorporating variable RBE models in IMPT optimization. A hybrid RBE optimization strategy showed potential for clinical implementation by maintaining all current dose limits and reducing the incidence of high RBE in critical normal tissues in ependymoma patients.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Risk of Discontinuation of Advanced Therapies Due to Treatment Failure in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results From the Ontario Best Practices Research Initiative
Authors: Aboulenain Samar , Li Xiuying , Movahedi Mohammad , Bombardier Claire , Kuriya Bindee 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesOur goal was to investigate whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are associated with the retention of biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) or targeted‐synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsWe included participants in the Ontario Best Practices Initiative RA registry who initiated their first bDMARD or tsDMARD. Participants were grouped by the number of baseline CVD risk factors (0, 1, or ≥2). The primary outcome was time‐to‐discontinuation of therapy for any reason. Secondary outcomes included discontinuation for primary failure, secondary failure, or due to adverse events. Competing risks hazards model, adjusted for clinically important confounders, estimated the association between CVD risk factors and treatment retention.ResultsThe sample included 872 patients, of which 58% (n = 508) discontinued their b/tsDMARD after a median of 13 months from the time of initiation. The most common causes for treatment discontinuation were primary failure (n = 72), secondary failure (n = 126), or adverse events (n = 133). Patients with no CVD risk factors experienced significantly longer treatment survival compared to patients with 1 or ≥2 CVD risk factors. In multivariable‐adjusted analysis, there was no association between all‐cause discontinuation and CVD risk factors. However, there was a significant association between the presence of >1 CVD risk factor and treatment discontinuation, notably due to secondary treatment failure, but not due to adverse events.ConclusionMultiple CVD risk factors increase the risk of treatment failure in RA, particularly for secondary treatment failure. To improve patient outcomes, future research should focus on developing strategies to identify early treatment nonresponse and investigate the potential modifiability of this association.