bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Crisis Adaptation in Sri Lankan Construction Industry: Pathway to Prosperity
Authors: Weerakoon Thilina Ganganath , Wimalasena Sulaksha , Fedotova Kristine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The construction industry is a critical sector in the nation’s economic growth, accounting for a sizable share of GDP growth. However, it is the most vulnerable industry to a financial depression, whether local or worldwide. The present economic crisis has had an impact on the Sri Lankan construction industry, with more than half a million employees lost their jobs in the previous year. Many major construction firms have either paused or abandoned their projects and shifted to overseas construction. Therefore, understanding the consequences of financial crises regarding construction initiatives in Sri Lanka, as well as anticipated post-crisis growth paths in this sector, necessitates a thorough examination. The goal of this study is to extensively examine the consequences of the 2022 economic crisis on Sri Lankan construction projects and investigate remedies that might start a post-crisis rebound. The study utilized a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research methods. Purposive sampling was used to choose construction industry participants from various backgrounds in order to get a varied range of perspectives. The findings of this study not only emphasize the negative consequences of the crisis but also reveal prospects for development within the industry. The article offers construction professionals and other industry stakeholders useful insights about the foreseeable future of the country’s construction sector. The research looks at prospective growth areas such as the development of infrastructure, sustainable construction strategies, and the usage of emerging technology. The findings of the research can help to ensure that the sector has a robust and productive future.
Kepribadian Tokoh Utama dalam Novel "Hidup ini Brengsek dan Aku Dipaksa Menikmatinya" karya Puthut E. A. vs Gindring Wasted
Authors: Ichsani Noor Sahid , Normalita Aulia 
Published: November 2023

In life, one's problems will always arise both internally and externally. This study picks up Puthut's E.A. vs. Gindring Wasted novel titled Life Is a Jerk, and I'm Forced to Enjoy It. The approach used is literary psychology. Research methods are qualitative descriptive. The source of the data is the novel Life Is A Jerk, and I'm Forced to Enjoy It. Research data is in the form of phrases or sentences from the character "I" in the novel Life Is Jerk, and I Am Forced to Enjoy It. Data analysis uses Freud's personality theory (Id, Ego, and Super Ego), Lickona theory (Moral knowledge, moral feelings, and moral behavior), an interactive analysis model from Miles and Huberman. The results of this study are, 1) The personality of the main character has an honest personality, vindictive, does not want to filter the various offers he gets first, cowardly, lazy to mince words, and likes to forgive. 2) The educational value that can be taken from the novel Life Is Jerk, and I Am Forced to Enjoy It Puthut E.A. vs Gindring Wasted's work that is, obedient, full of sympathy, and the habit to do deeds according to the values and norms that apply by not judging someone.
KAPABILITAS RENANG IKAN SIDAT (Anguilla bicolor) STADIA ELVER GUNA PEMANFAATAN FISHWAY SECARA OPTIMAL
Authors: Linda Fitra , Mawardi Wazir , Purbayanto Ari , Komarudin Didin 
Published: November 2023

Ikan sidat (Anguilla bicolor) adalah ikan yang bersifat katadromus, bermigrasi kelaut untuk memijah, atau sebaliknya untuk benih ikan sidat (glass eel) akan kembali lagi ke sungai untuk menjadi sidat dewasa, kegiatan migrasi ini akan terganggu dengan adanya bangunan melintang seperti bendungan atau dam. Hal ini dikarenakan kecepatan arus air di bendungan lebih tinggi sedangkan ikan sidat bukan termasuk ikan perenang aktif. guna mempermudah proses migrasi ikan sidat ini maka diperlukan fishway. Pembangunan fishway memerlukan beberapa informasi seperti pola renang, kecepatan renang, dan ketahanan renang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pola renang kecepatan renang dan ketahanan renang pada sidat stadia elver dengan kondisi arus yang berbeda. Selanjutnya merumuskan kinerja renang sidat stadia elver terkait dengan kebutuhan dalam mendesain fishway yang tepat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Tingkah Laku Ikan Departemen PSP-FPIK, IPB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola renang sidat stadia elver adalah jenis Anguilliform, kecepatan renang sustained speed ikan sidat adalah ≤ 0,91 TL/detik, kecepatan renang prolonged speed ikan sidat adalah 1,57-1,82 TL/detik, dan kecepatan renang burst speed ikan sidat adalah ≤ 2,7 TL/detik. Berdasarkan data tersebut desain fishway yang sesuai dengan kecepatan renang prolonged speed ikan sidat yaitu tipe fish lock yang dapat dibuat dengan kemiringan 20º disertai dengan debit air berkisar 59 ml/detik dan kecepatan arus 30 cm/detik.
Kata kunci: arus, kecepatan renang, ketahanan renang, pola renang, sidat
Linking Transformational Leadership and Work Environment Towards Employee Engagement
Authors: Pringgabayu Dematria , Satiadharma Moehamad 
Published: November 2023

This study was to determine the impact of transformational leadership and work environment on employee engagement at Bidlabfor Polda with organizational normative commitment as an intervening variable. The research method used in this study is a quantitative research method with primary data sources used in this study. The subjects in this study included employees of the Forensic Laboratory of the Java Regional Police, a total of 53 people. The sample was collected using census sampling technique, which is a sampling technique that takes into account all available populations for sampling. For data analysis methods, descriptive analysis and partial least squares (PLS) analysis were used. Based on data analysis on the impact of transformational leadership style and work environment on employee performance at Bidlabfor Polda with organizational normative commitment as the mediating variable, it can be concluded that commitment of the organization is the variable that has the greatest influence in forming an optimal environment. employee contract. Therefore, transformational leadership can only shape employee engagement if it is associated with good normative engagement with the organization.
Cigarette Displays Around the School Area and Cigarette Sales in the School Area
Authors: Hayati Fitri , Siregar Putra Apriadi , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Mohammed Nasri , Ahsan Abdillah , Arrazy Syafran 
Published: November 2023

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>The tobacco industry continues to promote tobacco through cigarette displays, especially in areas easily accessible to youth and school students. One of the tactics that cigarette companies keep using is cigarette displays around the school area. This study aimed to determine the impact of cigarette displays around schools on cigarette sales in the school area. This study was conducted on cigarette sellers around schools in Medan City. This study was conducted on 18 cigarette sellers for 14 days. The interventions given were cigarette displays covered with cloth, cigarette displays hidden, and cigarette displays without intervention. Data analysis was conducted using an ANOVA test using JASP version 17.The results showed a difference in total sales between cloth-covered displays, hidden treatments, and no intervention (ANOVA test p = 0.015). The results showed a difference in sales profit between cloth-covered displays, hidden treatments, and no intervention (ANOVA test p = 0.004). The provision of interventions on cigarette displays treated as hidden reduced average cigarette sales in cigarette stores. Intervention in cigarette displays covered with cloth reduced average cigarette sales in cigarette stores. The Medan City Government should regulate cigarette displays at cigarette stores around the school area to reduce cigarette consumption among students. The Education Office and schools should collaborate with cigarette sellers around the school area to stop the display of cigarettes and not sell cigarettes to students.</em></p><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><strong><em>Keywords: Cigarettes, Cigarette displays, Cigarette stores, School area</em></strong>
Antibacterial Effectiveness of Cinnamon Peel Ethanol Extract Toothpaste (Cinnamomum burmanni) In Inhibiting the Growth of Streptococcus Bacteria
Authors: Waty Syahdiana , Lusiani Yetti , Saragih Aminah Br. 
Published: November 2023

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p class="Default"><em>Streptococcus is one of the dominant bacteria in the oral cavity. This bacteria is the bacteria that causes dental caries. Toothpaste containing fluoride is important for preventing tooth decay. Using fluoride toothpaste creates a dilemma because it can cause side effects in the form of fluorosis if used in concentrations that are not recommended. However, there is an alternative way, namely by using toothpaste which contains essential oils and plant extracts. The type of research used is the experimental method. The research was conducted at the pharmaceutical laboratory of the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Medan and the Microbiology laboratory of the University of North Sumatra Hospital, which was carried out from May to July 2023. The samples in this study were dental plaque taken from 30 respondents pre and post intervention application of 12.5% cinnamon bark ethanol extract toothpaste. The data obtained will be analyzed statistically using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test and the parametric Pair T-Test. The results showed that toothpaste with cinnamon bark ethanol extract with a concentration of 12.5% had significant antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus bacteria with a p value &lt;0.05. This toothpaste is able to significantly reduce the number of bacterial colonies found in dental plaque in all bacterial groups. It is hoped that these results will provide information to the public that the ethanol extract of cinnamon bark can be used as an active ingredient in toothpaste.</em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><strong><em>Keywords: Antibacterial, Cinnamon bark, Streptococcus, Toothpaste</em></strong>
Analysis of Requirements for Inhalation Toxicity Studies of Chemicals
Authors: Verner A. O. , Ustinova T. M. , Kon’shakov Yu. O. , Vengerovich N. G. 
Published: November 2023

SCIENTIFIC RELEVANCE. Studies of the inhalation administration of chemicals are associated with challenges in designing experiments. The parameters to be selected include the experimental animal species, the inhalation chamber, and the mode of inhalation (dynamic or static).AIM. This study aimed to analyse the practical application of regulatory requirements to non-clinical studies of the inhalation toxicity of chemicals.DISCUSSION. This review compares international and Russian standards for studying the inhalation toxicity of chemicals, including GOST 32542-2013, GOST 326432020, GOST 32636-2020, GOST 32383-2013, and GOST 2646-2014. The improvement of the legal and regulatory framework correlates with adopting the Good Laboratory Practice and the risk-based approach to categorising test substances into hazard classes. Hazard classes are determined in rodents without dose extrapolation to humans. The authors present the differences between the main guidelines on inhalation exposure in rodent studies of acute, subacute, subchronic, and chronic toxicity. The article describes current approaches to assessing the inhalation toxicity of chemicals, which allow researchers to replace animal studies with in vitro tests.CONCLUSIONS. According to the current regulatory standards, inhalation toxicity is studied in rats/mice, which have anatomical differences from humans. As an alternative to animal studies, researchers are developing and validating in vitro methods, which yet require regulatory review and approval.
2D/2.5D/3D Heterogeneous Integration
Authors: Endrinal Lesly , Huat Szu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recent trends in electronic packaging, including the growing use of 3D designs and heterogeneous integration, are greatly adding to the complexity of isolating faults in semiconductor products. This chapter reviews the latest IC packaging and integration solutions and assesses the readiness level of fault isolation tools and techniques. It examines the capabilities, limitations, and optimization potential of x-ray tomography and magnetic field imaging, describes various approaches for optical fault isolation, and compares and contrasts pre-OFI sample preparation methods. The chapter also explains how time-domain and electro-optical terahertz pulse reflectometry are used to find shorts and opens in ICs and how challenges related to heterogenous integration may be met through design for testability (DFT) and built-in self-test (BIST) accommodations and the use of passive interposers.
Systems-Level: Development and Challenges of Solid Immersion Lens
Authors: Qian Zhongling , Brillert Christof 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter assesses the benefits of using a solid immersion lens (SIL) to detect faults in ICs via optical imaging and laser-stimulation techniques. It discusses the advantages and limitations of different types of SILs and their effect on spatial resolution, spot size, focus depth, and collection efficiency. It also provides a brief overview of technical challenges at the die level.
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Kedelai Terhadap Tingkat Kesukaan Dan Kandungan Protein Pada Bakso Daging Sapi
Authors: Hermana Jajang , Falahudin Aaf , Imanudin Oki 
Published: November 2023

The aim of this research is to analyze the dosage of using soy flour on the level of preference and protein content of beef meatballs and to obtain a formula for the optimum use of soy flour on the level of preference and protein content of beef meatballs. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The ratio of tapioca flour to soy flour for each treatment is respectively P0 (100% : 0%), P1 (75% : 25%), P2 (50% : 50%), P3 (25% : 75%) and P4 ( 0% : 100%). The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Meanwhile, the protein content uses a descriptive test and if the results of the anova test show a significant difference, continue with the Duncan test. The research results showed that as soy flour was added to beef meatballs, the level of liking for the aroma, texture and taste decreased. The addition of soy flour did not affect the level of preference for the color of the beef meatballs produced. Beef meatball protein with the addition of soy flour is between 16.15 – 23.31%. In conclusion, the best formulation is the addition of soybean flour to P1 with a reddish ash color, the level of liking is somewhat like it, the aroma does not have the smell of soybeans, the level of liking is very like it, the chewy texture is the liking level is somewhat like it and the taste has no taste of soybeans with the level of liking is somewhat like it.
Inclusive education as a heuristic device
Authors: Ocampo Aldo  
Published: November 2023

This work analyzes the configuration of analytical methods that consider inclusive education as a heuristic device. Therefore, it establishes a theoretical and political model to solve various problems, thereby breaking the knowledge production logic left behind by the normative logic of Logos. The objective is to explore the defining contours and the heuristic intelligibility grid to think about its field of problems of a neo-materialist nature. The method used was the critical documentary review. The work concludes that, to a certain extent, the dominant onto-semiotic conceptions of the field possess the ability to impose a signic rostricity based on caricature aspects and impose universal conceptions of difference. This particularly inaugurates acute political and ethical implications.
Analisis Tingkat Efisiensi Kerja dan Jumlah Karyawan Bagian Produksi Dengan Pendekatan Metode Work Load Analysis (WLA) (Studi Kasus PT. X)
Authors: Semnasti Rusindiyanto , Semnasti Yekti Condro Winursito , Semnasti Isna Nugraha , Semnasti Hafid Syaifullah , Semnasti Friska Aryanti 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK

X adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pengemasan karton dengan bahan baku utama berupa kertas. Saat ini, perusahaan mengalami kesulitan dalam mencapai target produksi yang diinginkan. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan berusaha untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan produktivitas para pekerjanya. Salah satu langkah yang diambil adalah melakukan pengukuran waktu kerja di setiap stasiun kerja sesuai dengan urutan proses produksi, sehingga dapat diperoleh estimasi waktu yang seharusnya diperlukan oleh pekerja untuk menyelesaikan tugas mereka. Work Load Analysis (WLA) adalah metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis aktivitas yang timbul dan beban kerja yang diakibat dalam proses produksi. Metode ini memungkinkan pembuatan model matematis untuk menentukan jumlah karyawan yang optimal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat dihasilkan tingkat efisiensi setiap proses produksi dan setelah mengetahui beban kerja di setiap bagian, dapat ditentukan jumlah karyawan yang optimal di masing-masing bagian.

Kata Kunci: Tingkat Efisiensi Kerja, Jumlah Karyawan, Metode Work Load Analysis.

ABSTRACT

X is a company that operates in the cardboard packaging sector with the main raw material being paper. Currently, the company is experiencing difficulties in achieving the desired production targets. Therefore, companies try to increase the motivation and productivity of their workers. One of the steps taken is to measure working time at each work station in accordance with the sequence of the production process, so that an estimate of the time it should take workers to complete their tasks can be obtained. Work Load Analysis (WLA) is a method used to analyze the activities that arise and the workload caused in the production process. This method allows creating mathematical models to determine the optimal number of employees. Based on the research results, the efficiency level of each production process can be generated and after knowing the workload in each section, the optimal number of employees in each section can be determined.

Keywords: Work Efficiency Level, Number of Employees, Work Load Analysis Method.
Efficacy of topical forms of sertaconazole in treatment of mycoses of skin
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Pereverzina N. O. 
Published: November 2023

Published research results indicate the high effectiveness of sertaconazole in the treatment of mycoses of the skin. According to a number of studies, it is superior to other antifungal agents in terms of cure rate and speed of action, and also has anti-inflammatory and antipruritic activity.Material and methods. The aim of the observational study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Zalain cream (sertaconazole 2%) in patients with mycosis of the smooth skin of the groin area. We observed 21 patients (13 men and 8 women) aged from 37 to 72 years with a verified diagnosis of mycosis of smooth skin, confirmed by microscopic and cultural methods. In patients, during a cultural study, a mixed fungal-bacterial infection was isolated in various combinations: 14 (66.7%) – Trichophyton rubrum and Staphylococcus, 7 (33.3%) – Candida albicans and Staphylococcus. Of the concomitant pathologies, the following diseases were most often diagnosed: hypertension (52.4%), obesity (BMI > 30) (47.6%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (42.9%), gastrointestinal diseases (23.8%), diseases of the hepatobiliary system (19.1%). The effectiveness was assessed taking into account the VAS index (erythema, infiltration, desquamation, cracks, itching, burning) and special methods (microscopic and cultural) of the study at control points B1 (before therapy) and B2 (after 4 weeks of therapy). Long-term results of observations (disease relapse) were assessed after 6 months.Results. The total VAS at control point B 2 decreased by 94.9% (p < 0.01). After therapy (4 weeks), in 18 (85.7%) patients, pathogenic fungi (Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale) were not sown during cultural examination. Patients with no laboratory cure were recommended to continue therapy with sertaconazole for 2–4 weeks until complete eradication of pathogenic fungi. Long-term results of observations (6 months) showed relapse of the disease in 28.6% of patients with concomitant metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Also, among patients with relapses, males predominated – 66.7%.Conclusions. Sertaconazole has a wide spectrum of antimycotic activity, which makes it possible to quickly achieve clinical and mycological recovery in patients with mycosis of smooth skin in the groin area.
A comparative analysis of using cage acrossing the vertebral ring apophysis in normal and osteoporotic models under endplate injury: a finite element analysis
Authors: Wang Jian , Geng Ziming , Ma Xiang , Zhang Zepei , Miao Jun 
Published: November 2023

Background: Lateral lumbar fusion is an advanced, minimally invasive treatment for degenerative lumbar diseases. It involves different cage designs, primarily varying in size. This study aims to investigate the biomechanics of the long cage spanning the ring apophysis in both normal and osteoporotic models, considering endplate damage, using finite element analysis.Methods: Model 1 was an intact endplate with a long cage spanning the ring apophysis. Model 2 was an endplate decortication with a long cage spanning the ring apophysis. Model 3 was an intact endplate with a short cage. Model 4 was an endplate decortication with a short cage. On the basis of the four original models, further osteoporosis models were created, yielding a total of eight finite element models. The provided passage delineates a study that elucidates the utilization of finite element analysis as a methodology to simulate and analyze the biomechanical repercussions ensuing from the adoption of two distinct types of intervertebral fusion devices (cages) within the physiological framework of a human body.Results: The investigation found no appreciable changes between Models 1 and 2 in the range of motion at the fixed and neighboring segments, the L3-4 IDP, screw-rod stress, endplate stress, or stress on the trabecular bone of the L5. Increases in these stresses were seen in models 3 and 4 in the ranges of 0.4%–676.1%, 252.9%–526.9%, 27.3%–516.6%, and 11.4%–109.3%, respectively. The osteoporotic models for scenarios 3 and 4 exhibit a similar trend to their respective normal bone density models, but these osteoporotic models consistently have higher numerical values. In particular, except for L3-4 IDP, the maximum values of these parameters in osteoporotic Models 3 and 4 were much higher than those in normal bone quality Models 1 and 2, rising by 385.3%, 116%, 435.1%, 758.3%, and 786.1%, respectively.Conclusion: Regardless of endplate injury or osteoporosis, it is advised to utilize a long cage that is 5 mm longer on each side than the bilateral pedicles because it has good biomechanical features and may lower the likelihood of problems after surgery. Additionally, using Long cages in individuals with osteoporosis may help avoid adjacent segment disease.