bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Long-Run Sectoral Growth Linkages in Ethiopia: Is Agriculture or Service an Engine of Growth?
Authors: Yimer Seid Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates the long run relationship between agriculture, industry and service using cointegrated vector autoregressive (CVAR) methodology for the period 1981-2011. Using this approach, the article provides a fresh evidence for Ethiopia that has not been deployed by the previous researches in the country. The paper finds that service is a driving force of the growth of agriculture and itself, an evidence obtained from analysis of the long run impact matrix C. From the fully identified long run structure, growth in service has positive and significant impacts on agriculture and industry. It deeply investigates the effects on agriculture by disaggregating service into other service and distributive service whereas industry comprises manufacturing and non-manufacturing. Concerning the impacts of disaggregated service, other service sub-sector is found to be a pushing force for the growth of agriculture, non-manufacturing and service itself. A variable comprising transportation and communication is vital for the long term growth of agriculture. These results are robust to changes in sample size and sample source. The policy prescription is that government should invest on this small sub-sector as the returns to the whole economy are tremendous.
The paper finds positive and strong effects from non-manufacturing to manufacturing reflecting that improved access to electricity, gas and water triggers unprecedented growth in manufacturing productivity. Finally, a shock to agriculture has little impacts on the growth of entire economy as the variable is purely adjusting in most of the models considered in the paper while aggregate service is weakly exogenous.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE IMAJINATIF DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 1 TRIKARYA
Authors: SUPARMI SUPARMI 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah diterapkannya metode pembelajaran imajinatif pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Trikarya. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada salah satu permasalahan yaitu kurangnya pemahaman siswa SD Negeri 1 Trikarya terhadap metode imajinatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) sebanyak 3 siklus. Setiap putaran terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu: rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi, dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V. Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil tes formatif, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa Hasil Belajar belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari yaitu Siklus I (50,00%) atau ada 11 siswa dengan nilai tertinggi 80 dan nilai terendah 50. Pada siklus II (72,73%) atau ada 16 siswa yang telah tuntas dengan nilai tertinggi 87 dan nilai terendah 55, dan pada siklus III (90,91%) atau ada 20 siswa yang telah tuntas dengan nilai tertinggi 90 dan nilai terendah 60. Rata-rata nilai kelas diperoleh siklus I 65,73, siklus II 72,73 dan siklus III 74,41. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan metode imajinatif dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Trikarya.
Overview of the Incidence of Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia Induction in Sectio Caesarea Patients During Intra Anesthesia at Juanda Kuningan Hospital West Java
Authors: Hidayatullah Riki , Lintang Suryani Roro , Dewi Pramesti 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the incidence of hypotension after spinal anesthesia induction in SC patients during intra-anesthesia based on Body Mass Index (BMI), age, and baseline systolic blood pressure at Juanda Kuningan Hospital. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive method with a cross sectional approach. The sample in this study were all SC patients with spinal anesthesia techniques who met the criteria. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with the slovin formula resulting in 90 respondents. And data analysis using univariate analysis. Findings: The results showed that the majority of respondents who experienced mild hypotension with excessive BMI status were 50 respondents (58.8%), the majority of respondents who experienced mild hypotension with early adulthood were 52 respondents (61.2%) and the majority of respondents who experienced mild hypotension with initial systolic blood pressure were at initial systolic blood pressure <120 mmHg and 120-130 mmHg as many as 31 respondents (36.5%). Conclusions: The results of this study illustrate that the majority of respondents will experience hypotension after spinal anesthesia induction. This is because spinal anesthesia can block sympathetic nerves, resulting in a decrease in circulating arterial tone, this condition causes peripheral arterial vasodilation. This vasodilating effect can result in a decrease in vascular resistance (hypotension). For further researchers to be able to develop this study to look for other variables that may be associated with the incidence of hypotension after induction of spinal anesthesia in SC patients so that the results of the study will show more variation.
RNA Expression Pattern for Post Mortem Hair Samples: Forensic Implication
Authors: Orupabo Clinton David , Obinna Harmony , Amadi Hebinuchi , Erekosima Boma Uriah 
Published: November 2023

Aims: The aim of our study is to investigate RNA patterns of a postmortem hair sample. The present work intend therefore to study the quantitative analysis of Ribonucleic acids quality and quantity.
Study Design: This is an experimental and descriptive study which used convenient sampling technique in sample selection.
Methodology: The respondents of this study comprised of living subjects in Rivers State, Nigeria selected through convenient sampling technique. Hair Samples from participants were collected after informed consent using hair tweezers and labelled Ziploc bags. RNA was extracted using the TRI-reagent and its quality and quantity assessed using the Nanodrop. Concentration and purity of RNA were assessed by spectrophotometric analysis using NanoDrop 2000c.
Results: RNA quality seems to diminish with time initially but improved at day 7 and 14, with an improved purity (1.94 and 2.03). However, at a later date the purity diminished further owing to possible degradation with death. RNA Quantity diminishes from 0hrs to 7 days, but rises slowly afterwards from day 14 – 4 months. Pearson’s shows a correlation (r = -0.47) of RNA quality with time. A remarkable feature of this study involved the high linear rate of RNA degradation which resulted in the decrease in RNA quantity within 0-7days. This could be as a result of increased intracellular enzymatic activity, which is dependent on the natural aqueous environment common to all living cells.
Conclusion: In forensic investigations requiring pure RNA for analysis, this research can be used as an inference to revealing that pure RNA can be obtained some days postmortem, and that hair stands as a good object for case diagnosis.
Population Dynamics of Leafhopper (Empoasca flavescens) and Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) of Castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: Madhuri G. , Sadaiah K. , Duraimurugan P. , Rani V. Divya , Reddy G. Eswara , Neelima G. , Nalini N. , Sujatha M. , Goverdhan G. 
Published: November 2023

The experiment on population dynamics against leafhopper and thrips of castor,a field experiment was conducted during 2021 & 2022 on castor (Ricinus communis) at Regional Agricultural Research Station Palem, PJTSAU. The studies on population dynamics of leafhopper (Empoasca flavescens) revealed thatthe activity of leafhoppers was moderate to heavy with maximum of 120.8 leafhoppers/3 leaves/plant was recorded during the second fortnight of December (52 SMW, 24th-31st Dec). Leafhopper population had non-significant and negative correlation with maximum temperature (r = -0.24 and r = -0.29, respectively), whereas it had significant assocation and negative correlation with minimum temperature, morning relative humidity, evening relative humidity as well as rainfall (r = - 0.64 - 0.50, r=-0.61 and - 0.52, respectively). Thrips infestationwas observed from October first fortnight (40 SMW 1st Oct -7th Oct) to December second fortnight (52 SMW, 24th-31st Dec) with peak infestation 31.1 thrips/spike.Thrips population had non-significant and negative correlation with maximum temperature ( r = -0.29), whereas it had significant assocation and negative correlation with minimum temperature, morning relative humidity, evening relative humidity as well as rainfall (r = - 0.68, r= -0.55, r=-0.63 and, r=- 0.49 respectively). Leafhopper and thrips has significant association and positive correlation with sunshine hours (r=0.55 & r=0.51).
Architecture is Interface: Latent Virtuality from Antiquity to Zoom
Authors: Bard Joshua , Torello Francesca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArchitectural educators Joshua Bard and Francesca Torello embrace numerous digital technologies to subvert issues of scale, framing, materiality, inside and outside to provoke viewers into contemplating the current nature of architecture and its discourse. Their inspiration is Sir John Soane's Museum in London, which is a multilayered conversation between objects and their interrelationships with themselves and their settings.
Very Big Art: Follies, the Public and Multispace
Authors: Kovacs Andrew 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVery Big Art uses a variety of both virtual and real media to create a nexus where architecture, the public realm, urban design, performance, ephemerality and art meet at an often colossal scale – a 21st‐century reworking of the notion of the architectural ‘folly’. Architectural designer and educator Andrew Kovacs describes a brief history of some of the early exponents of arch‐art, and leads us through some recent examples, including the output of his own practice.
Nanosponges as an Emerging Platform for Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis
Authors: Gowda B. H. Jaswanth , Ahmed Mohammed Gulzar , Almoyad Mohammad Ali Abdullah , Wahab Shadma , Almalki Waleed H. , Kesharwani Prashant 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNanosponges are unique sponge‐like carrier systems with numerous cavities and a mesh‐like network throughout their surface. They are categorized into three types based on the material of construction, i.e., polymer‐, inorganic‐, and bio‐derived material‐based nanosponges. Unlike conventional nanoparticles, nanosponges bear countless interconnected voids and mesh‐like network that enables maximum drug, imaging probe, or photosensitizer loading via absorption, encapsulation, conjugation, or complexion. The voids can be further sealed using suitable lipids or polymers to avoid leakage of drugs at the non‐target site, protect therapeutics from biological conditions, and control the release of therapeutics for a prolonged period. Recently, nanosponges have grasped the attention of researchers in the area of cancer by overcoming the drawbacks associated with the conventional delivery of immunotherapeutic, targeted therapeutic, and chemotherapeutic agents. Interestingly, several reports have also witnessed their potential in cancer theranostics. Owing to this supremacy, nanosponges could be an apt platform for cancer therapy and diagnosis. The current review discusses the general aspects, types, and preparation methods of nanosponges. In addition, the ambit of nanosponges in treating different types of cancer is meticulously discussed, along with detailed descriptions of their corresponding patents. Furthermore, the role of nanosponges in phototherapy and cancer theranostics are selectively canvassed.
Highly Stretchable MXene‐based Meta‐Aerogels with Near‐Zero and Negative Poisson's Ratios
Authors: Sun Qi , Zhang Xiaoyu , Gu Puzhong , Liang Xing , Hu Zhenyu , Yang Xiao , Liu Muxiang , Huang Jia , Zu Guoqing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMXene‐based aerogels are promising candidates for wearable electronics due to their unique structures and properties. However, the reported MXene‐based aerogels show poor stretchability, significantly restricting their applications in wearable electronics. Herein, unprecedented highly stretchable MXene‐based aerogels with crimpled and reentrant microstructures are developed via synergistic assembly of MXene and flexible polymers combined with uniaxial and biaxial hot‐pressing strategies. The uniaxially hot‐pressed MXene‐based meta‐aerogels show compressed and crimpled microstructures and combine ultrahigh stretchability up to 427%, high elasticity, high compressibility, high fatigue resistance upon compression and stretching, and near‐zero Poisson's ratios. The biaxially hot‐pressed MXene‐based meta‐aerogels exhibit reentrant microstructures and achieve high stretchability and negative Poisson's ratios upon stretching in different directions, which have never been realized by traditional aerogels. It is demonstrated that they can be used for ultrabroad‐range pressure/strain sensors, highly stretchable triboelectric nanogenerators, and smart thermal management with tunable thermal insulation and Joule heating performances achieved by stretching. This work opens a new way to highly stretchable aerogels with near‐zero and negative Poisson's ratios promising in wearable electronics, nanogenerators, thermal management, energy storage, etc.
Optimizing the Design of the Vapor‐Deposited CsPbCl3‐Based Optoelectronic Devices via Simulations and Experiments
Authors: Zhang Xuning , Chen Linya , Liu Xingyue , Liu Zhiyong , Gu Honggang , Bo Sun , Liao Guanglan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWide‐bandgap CsPbCl3 perovskite has fueled studies on applications in a variety of newly developing optoelectronic devices, including solar cells, lasers, light‐emitting diodes, and photodetectors. Most of them are now focused on film fabrication and device performance optimization, technology transfer of these proof‐of‐concept devices to the market will necessitate optimization of the device structure to minimize the optical loss and fabrication cost. While device model‐based electro‐optics simulations are considered a powerful method to attain the purpose, during which accurate optical constants are preconditions. Herein, for the first time, the optical constants of CsPbCl3 film through Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) are reported. Taking optoelectronic devices in vertical structure as a demonstration, simulations on the distributions of 2D electromagnetic field and photo‐generated electron field are arranged, successfully demonstrating the profile of the photons and electrons inside the devices. The evolution trend of device performance in the experiments matched with the simulations, for device performance is closely related to the photons and photo‐generated electrons. Benefitting from the simulations and experiments, general design criteria of the CsPbCl3‐based optoelectronic and photonic devices are posed, inevitably accelerating their development and commercialization.
Advanced Additive Manufacturing of Structurally‐Colored Architectures
Authors: Kim Jong Bin , Lee Hwan‐Young , Chae Changju , Lee Su Yeon , Kim Shin‐Hyun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDirect ink writing (DIW) stands out as a facile additive manufacturing method, minimizing material waste. Nonetheless, developing homogeneous Bingham inks with high yield stress and swift liquid‐to‐solid transitions for versatile 3D printing remains a challenge. In this study, high‐performance Bingham inks are formulated by destabilizing silica particle suspensions in acrylate‐based resin. A colloidal network forms in the shear‐free state through interparticle attraction, achieved by disrupting the solvation layer of large resin molecules using polar molecules. The network is highly dense, with evenly distributed linkage strength as monodisperse particles undergo gelation at an ultra‐high fraction. Crucially, the strength is calibrated to ensure a sufficiently large yield stress, while still allowing the network to reversibly melt under shear flow. The inks immediately undergo a liquid‐to‐solid transition upon discharge, while maintaining fluidity without nozzle clogging. The dense colloidal networks develop structural colors due to the short‐range order. This enables the rapid and sophisticated drawing of structurally‐colored 3D structures, relying solely on rheological properties. Moreover, the printed composite structures exhibit high mechanical stability due to the presence of the colloidal network, which expands the range of potential applications.
Designing Hydrogels for Immunomodulation in Cancer Therapy and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Zhang Zhen , He Chaoliang , Chen Xuesi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe immune system not only acts as a defense against pathogen and cancer cells, but also plays an important role in homeostasis and tissue regeneration. Targeting immune systems is a promising strategy for efficient cancer treatment and regenerative medicine. Current systemic immunomodulation therapies are usually associated with low persistence time, poor targeting to action sites, and severe side effects. Due to their extracellular matrix‐mimetic nature, tunable properties and diverse bioactivities, hydrogels are intriguing platforms to locally deliver immunomodulatory agents and cells, as well as provide an immunomodulatory microenvironment to recruit, activate, and expand host immune cells. In this review, the design considerations, including polymer backbones, crosslinking mechanisms, physicochemical nature, and immunomodulation‐related components, of the hydrogel platforms, are focused on. The immunomodulatory effects and therapeutic outcomes in cancer therapy and tissue regeneration of different hydrogel systems are emphasized, including hydrogel depots for delivery of immunomodulatory agents, hydrogel scaffolds for cell delivery, and immunomodulatory hydrogels depending on the intrinsic properties of materials. Finally, the remained challenges in current systems and future development of immunomodulatory hydrogels are discussed.
Yttrium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Anti‐Markovnikov Hydroamination and Sequential Intermolecular Hydroamination/Endocyclization of Vinylsilanes
Authors: Polak Lara H. , Soltys John B. , Hultzsch Kai C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe intermolecular anti‐Markovnikov hydroamination of vinylsilanes was achieved utilizing five silyl‐substituted ortho‐terphenoxide yttrium complexes. The highest activity was observed for the most sterically encumbered triphenylsilyl‐substituted complex. Excellent activity and complete anti‐Markonikov selectivity were obtained for a variety of benzylic and aliphatic primary and secondary amines. Interestingly, the reaction with 2‐picolylamine produced the hydroaminoalkylation product rather than the hydroamination product. Reaction of dimethyldivinylsilane resulted in a range of 1,4‐azasilinanes via sequential hydroamination/endocyclization in good yields.
Recent Progress in Application‐Oriented Self‐Powered Microelectronics
Authors: Qi Lingfei , Kong Lingji , Wang Yuan , Song Juhuang , Azam Ali , Zhang Zutao , Yan Jinyue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoTs), numerous distributed wide‐area low‐power electronic devices have been utilized in various fields, such as wireless monitoring sensors and wearable electronics. Due to the dispersion and mobility of microelectronic devices, their energy supply faces serious challenges. The inconvenience and non‐environmental friendliness of using traditional centralized low entropy energy and chemical batteries to power distributed microelectronic devices are becoming increasingly prominent. Environmental energy harvesting technology with high entropy characteristics is considered an effective solution for low‐power electronic devices. This paper comprehensively reviews the recent progress in microelectronic technologies based on energy harvesting and signal sensing. First, state‐of‐the‐art micro‐power electronic devices in humans, animals, and the environment are introduced. Secondly, the available micro‐energy sources in the environmentare elaborated and summarized. Then, the principles and characteristics of ambient microenergy harvesting technologies based on different mechanisms are classified, summarized, and analyzed. In addition, this work comprehensively summarizes the applications of self‐powered micro‐electronics technology in 11 different fields, including human, animal, and environment. Finally, research challenges, technical difficulties, and research gaps in self‐powered microelectronics based on micro‐energy harvesting technology are discussed and summarized.
Organic Excitonic State Management by Surface Metallic Coupling of Inorganic Lanthanide Nanocrystals
Authors: Zhang Wenxing , Wang Shan , Ye Wenpeng , Zhu Yiyuan , Li Cheng‐Ao , Wang He , Dong Chaomin , Ma Huili , Yan Mi , An Zhongfu , Huang Wei , Deng Renren 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ability to harness charges and spins for control of organic excitonic states is critical in developing high‐performance organic luminophores and optoelectronic devices. Here we report a facile strategy to efficiently manipulate the electronic energy states of various organic phosphors by coupling them with inorganic lanthanide nanocrystals. We show that the metallic atoms exposed on the nanocrystal surface can introduce strong coupling effects to 9‐(4‐ethoxy‐6‐phenyl‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)‐9H‐carbazole (OCzT) and some organic chromophores with carbazole functional groups when the organics are approaching the nanocrystals. This unconventional organic–inorganic hybridization enables a nearly 100 % conversion of the singlet excitation to fast charge transfer luminescence that does not exist in pristine organics, which broadens the utility of organic phosphors in hybrid systems.
Scalable production of hydrophobic starch/beeswax films by continuous solution casting
Authors: Luchesi Bruno Ribeiro , Moreira Francys Kley Vieira , Marconcini José Manoel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStarch is an appealing natural polymer for the scaled‐up production of biodegradable plastics. However, the low water resistance of starch has made its broad applicability largely doubted. In this study, starch was combined with beeswax (BW) through a pilot scale continuous solution casting (CSC) technique to reduce water affinity while keeping the ensuing films totally biodegradable. The phase morphology, surface wettability, and water vapor permeability (WVP) of films were examined over a broad BW–starch mass ratio (0.3–0.7). Emulsified, surfactant‐free starch/BW films were successfully obtained at a productivity of 0.55 m2 film h−1. The water contact angle increased nearly by 100% at 30 wt% BW, leading to remarkable reductions in WVP. BW droplets well distributed within the starch matrix played a key role in enhancing the water barrier properties of films. CSC of starch/BW films offers a basis to design new hydrophobic formulations for applications that require biodegradable plastics with high moisture resistance.