bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropometrics and Plasma Atherogenic Index in Saudi Women Madinah KSA
Authors: Surrati Amal M. Qasem , Saeed Walaa Mohammed , Alfadhli Eman Mohammed 
Published: December 2023

Objective: to determine the lipid profile levels and association with anthropometric measurements and atherogenic index of plasma values in females from Taibah University.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2020 at the female section of Taibah University, located in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. The study sample consisted of 240 females ranging from 19 to 50 years. Measurements related to anthropometry such as height, weight, waist, and hip circumference, were calculated. Body Mass Index, Lipid profiles, and Atherogenic Index of Plasma were also measured.
Results: Almost 73.4% of the participants were obese and overweight, with a mean BMI of 28.79±5.7 kg/m2. Overweight and obese women were observed to have high total cholesterol and triglyceride levels (P≤0.05). Out of 244 participants, 120 (49.2%) and 44 (18%) were at intermediate and high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), respectively, as determined by the atherogenic index of plasma AIP. Intermediate and high-risk CVD groups had higher lipid profile levels and high waist-to-hip ratio compared to those in females at low risk (P≤0.05). AIP was positively and significantly associated with total cholesterol and triglyceride but negatively correlated with HDL concentration. Furthermore, the BMI had significantly positive correlation with triglyceride and waist to hip ratio (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: The majority of the participants were overweight and obese, with high levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol and high waist to hip ratio, placing them at intermediate or high risk of CVD based on AIP values. Additional CVD risk screenings, targeted specifically at overweight and obese women, are needed.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8318
How to cite this: Surrati AMQ, Mohammedsaeed W, Alfadhli EM. Anthropometrics and Plasma Atherogenic Index in Saudi Women Madinah KSA. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8318
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Diagonal Partitioning Strategy Using Bisection of Rectangles and a Novel Sampling Scheme
Authors: Guessoum Nabila , Chiter Lakhdar 
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we consider a global optimization problem where the objective function is assumed to be Lipschitz-continuous with an unknown Lipschitz constant. Building upon the recently introduced BIRECT (BIsection of RECTangles) algorithm, we propose a new diagonal partitioning and sampling scheme. Our framework, named BIRECT-V (V for vertices), combines bisection with the sampling of two points. In the initial hyper-rectangle, these points are located at 1/3 and 1 along the main diagonal. Unlike most DIRECT-type algorithms, where evaluating the objective function at vertices is not suitable for bisection, our strategy, when combined with bisection, provides more comprehensive information about the objective function. However, the creation of new sampling points may coincide with existing ones at shared vertices, resulting in additional evaluations of the objective function and increasing the number of function evaluations per iteration. To overcome this issue, we propose modifying the original optimization domain to obtain a good approximation of the global solution. Experimental investigations demonstrate that this modification positively impacts the performance of the BIRECT-V algorithm. Our proposal shows promise as a global optimization algorithm compared to the original BIRECT and two popular DIRECT-type algorithms on a set of test problems. It particularly excels at high-dimensional problems
Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics between severe and non-severe dengue in paediatrics
Authors: Idrus Nurul Liyana , Md Jamal Shamsuriani , Abu Bakar Afliza , Embong Hashim , Ahmad Nurul Saadah 
Published: December 2023

Background
The timely identification of severe dengue in peadiatric patients is of utmost importance, as any delay in diagnosis could lead to an irreversible state of shock potentially leading to fatal consequences. The primary aim of our study was to characterize dengue severity in paediatric patients based on initial symptoms, signs, and laboratory investigation of their presentation in the emergency department.

Methodology
We conducted a retrospective data retrieval from the medical records of 254 paediatric patients who had been diagnosed with confirmed cases of dengue fever. The clinical characteristics were compared between severe and non-severe dengue. Multiple logistic regression analysis was utilised to elucidate the variables that exhibited associations with severe dengue.

Results
A total of 254 paediatric patients were included, among whom 15.4% (n = 39) were diagnosed with severe dengue. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified lethargy, systolic blood pressure (SBP) below 90 mmHg, capillary refilled time (CRT) longer than 2 seconds, ascites, and hepatomegaly were independently associated with severe dengue.

Conclusion
In paediatric patients, severe dengue is associated with specific clinical indicators, including lethargy, low systolic blood pressure, prolonged capillary refill time (CRT), and the presence of ascites and hepatomegaly. Identifying these clinical features early is crucial for primary care physicians, as it enables accurate diagnosis and timely intervention to manage severe dengue effectively.
In Vivo Raman Spectroscopy Reveals Biochemical Composition of the Esophageal Tissue in Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Locke Andrea , Haugen Ezekiel , Thomas Giju , Correa Hernan , Dellon Evan S. , Mahadevan-Jansen Anita , Hiremath Girish 
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Biochemical alterations in the esophagus of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) are poorly understood. We used Raman spectroscopy through a pediatric endoscope to identify key Raman features reflective of the esophageal biochemical composition to differentiate between children with EoE from non-EoE controls and between children with active (aEoE) and inactive EoE (iEoE).

METHODS:
Spectral measurements were obtained using a customized pediatric endoscope-compatible fiber-optic Raman probe in real time during an esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Chemometric analysis was performed to identify key Raman features associated with EoE. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess relationship between the key Raman features and EoE activity indices. Their diagnostic utility was ascertained using the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis.

RESULTS:
Forty-three children were included in the study (EoE = 32 [74%] and non-EoE control = 11 [26%]; aEoE = 20 [63%] and iEoE = 12 [37%]). Raman intensities assigned to lipids, proteins, and glycogen:protein ratio accurately distinguished children with EoE from those without EoE and aEoE from iEoE. They significantly correlated with EoE activity indices. The Raman peak ratio for lipids had 90.6% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and an area under the curve of 0.95 to differentiate children with EoE from non-EoE controls. The glycogen:protein ratio had 70% sensitivity, 91.7% specificity, and an area under the curve of 0.75 to distinguish children with aEoE from iEoE.

DISCUSSION:
Real-time intraendoscopy Raman spectroscopy is an effective method for identifying spectral markers reflective of the esophageal biochemical composition in children with EoE. This technique may aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of EoE and help to elucidate EoE pathogenesis.
Characterization and antioxidant potential of white mustard (Brassica hirta) leaf extract and stabilization of sunflower oil
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Nawaz Maria , Qadir Rahman , Hussain Shabbir , Roheen Taleeha , Afzal Muhammad , Perviaz Muhammad , Ali Akbar , Aziz Tariq , Alharbi Metab , Albekairi Thamer H. , Alasmari Abdullah F. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The current study aimed to analyze the stabilization of sunflower oil using white mustard (Brassica hirta) leaf extracts as well as their antioxidant potential and cytotoxicity. Selected plant leaves were macerated in different solvents such as n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and methanol. The total flavonoid contents, total phenolic contents, the antioxidant activity by DPPH assay, and the inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation were also examined. Moreover, the stabilization of sunflower oil was evaluated by calculating the conjugated dienes, conjugated trienes, peroxide value, p-ansidine, and free fatty acid values. The cytotoxicity study in terms of the hemolytic activity of B. hirta leaf extract was evaluated and the maximum percentage of lysis was found to be safe (less than 5%). The results of the present study revealed that among others, methanolic white mustard (B. hirta) leaf extract possessed higher antioxidant potential and might be safely employed for the stabilization of vegetable oils.
Partnerships with Public Institutions: Reflecting on Applied History and Social Justice Principles
Authors: Wynant Julie 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article emphasizes that social justice – as both a process and a goal – should be put forward as guiding principle for applied historians who want to engage in partnerships with public institutions. While ethical issues are intrinsically intertwined with addressing contemporary problems and facilitating social change, I argue that reflective and reflexive questioning before, during and after a partnership with institutions in power can bring ethical responsibility to the applied history field. The principles of reflection and reflexivity align with social justice by creating greater transparency in both the actions of applied historians, as well as in the actions of the advised institutions.
Generation of porcine endometrial organoids and their use as a model for enhancing embryonic attachment and elongation
Authors: Saadeldin Islam M , Han Ayeong , Bang Seonggyu , Kang Heejae , Kim Heyyoung , Abady Mariam M , Jeong Ji-Seon , Kwon Ha-Jeong , Lee Sanghoon , Cho Jongki 
Published: December 2023

In brief
Porcine endometrial organoids (EOs) were isolated and characterized, revealing distinctive features such as unique extracellular matrix formation, fusion into uterine bud-like structures, and facilitation of embryo elongation. The yield of EOs was significantly enhanced by cryopreservation medium supplemented with the rock inhibitor (Y-27632), resulting in reduced expression of apoptotic mRNAs and microRNAs.

Abstract
Endometrial organoids (EOs) are acceptable models for understanding maternal–embryonic cross talk. This study was conducted to generate EOs and optimize their cryopreservation and provide coculture modeling with embryos. The endometrial tissues were used for culturing the organoids inside domes of Matrigel®. To improve the long-term storage of EOs, 10 µM ROCK inhibitor (RI) was added to the cryopreservation medium. Day 7 parthenogenetically activated embryos were cocultured with EOs or EO outgrowths, and embryonic cell numbers and embryo attachment were monitored. Spherical EOs 100–300 µm in size can be retrieved on day 7 of culture, and larger EOs, approximately 1.5 mm in diameter, can be maintained in the Matrigel® dome for 21 days. The nuclear expression of Ki67 indicates that more than 80% of EOs nuclei were proliferative. EOs exhibit unique novel characters such as formation of extracellular matrix and ability for fusion. RI increased the yield and quality of organoids after freezing or thawing. The cell number of cocultured embryos increased five-fold, and the proportion of trophoblast outgrowths increased seven-fold compared with those of control embryos. The embryos cultured with EO-conditioned medium showed a better attachment rate than the other models, and – for the first time – we report embryonic elongation. Immunofluorescence staining of the attached embryos showed CDX2 in the periphery of EOs outgrowths. The 3D assembly and cryopreservation of EOs was optimized, and EO coculture supported embryo attachment, trophoblast outgrowth, and elongation, which would provide a valuable tool for studying the intricate processes involved in porcine embryo implantation.
Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI, Breastfeeding, and Child BMI
Authors: Shipp Gayle M. , Wosu Adaeze C. , Knapp Emily A. , Sauder Katherine A. , Dabelea Dana , Perng Wei , Zhu Yeyi , Ferrara Assiamira , Dunlop Anne L. , Deoni Sean , Gern James , Porucznik Christy , Aris Izzuddin M. , Karagas Margaret R. , Sathyanarayana Sheela , O’Connor Tom G. , Carroll Kecia N. , Wright Rosalind J. , Hockett Christine W. , Johnson Christine C. , Meeker John D. , Cordero José , Paneth Nigel , Comstock Sarah S. , Kerver Jean M. ,   program collaborators for Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES
Breastfeeding practices may protect against offspring obesity, but this relationship is understudied among women with obesity. We describe the associations between breastfeeding practices and child BMI for age z-score (BMIz), stratified by maternal BMI.

METHODS
We analyzed 8134 dyads from 21 cohorts in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Program. Dyads with data for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, infant feeding practices, and ≥1 child BMI assessment between the ages of 2 and 6 years were included. The associations between breastfeeding practices and continuous child BMIz were assessed by using multivariable linear mixed models.

RESULTS
Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI category prevalence was underweight: 2.5%, healthy weight: 45.8%, overweight: 26.0%, and obese: 25.6%. Median child ages at the cessation of any breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding across the 4 BMI categories were 19, 26, 24, and 17 weeks and 12, 20, 17, and 12 weeks, respectively. Results were in the hypothesized directions for BMI categories. Three months of any breastfeeding was associated with a lower BMIz among children whose mothers were a healthy weight (−0.02 [−0.04 to 0.001], P = .06), overweight (−0.04 [−0.07 to −0.004], P = .03), or obese (−0.04 [−0.07 to −0.006], P = .02). Three months of exclusive breastfeeding was associated with a lower BMIz among children whose mothers were a healthy weight (−0.06 [−0.10 to −0.02], P = .002), overweight (−0.05 [−0.10 to 0.005], P = .07), or obese (−0.08 [−0.12 to −0.03], P = .001).

CONCLUSIONS
Human milk exposure, regardless of maternal BMI category, was associated with a lower child BMIz in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes cohorts, supporting breastfeeding recommendations as a potential strategy for decreasing the risk of offspring obesity.
Perioperative hemorheological status of oncological patients with primary knee replacement
Authors: Grushina T. I. , Alexandrova N. P. , Teplyakov V. V. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Endoprosthesis of large joints is associated with high risk of venous thromboembolism. Researchers focus on biochemical characteristics of homeostasis, blood clotting in particular, as the main reason for abnormal blood flow. At the same time, biophysical condition of homeostasis, namely decreased blood fluidity, is rarely considered. Study of rheological behavior of blood after primary oncological endoprosthesis of large joints in patients can potentially affect the selection of perioperative thromboprophylaxis and patient rehabilitation approach.Aim. To study the indicators of the hemorheological status of patients with tumours of long bones in the preand postoperative periods of primary oncological knee replacement.Materials and methods. The study included 36 patients (26 men and 10 women, mean age 46 years) without cardiovascular diseases and pathology of the veins of the lower limb admitted to the Russian Scientific Center of Roentgen Radiology for oncological endoprosthesis of the knee joint. All patients were prescribed: an antiplatelet agent (acetylsalicylic acid) and an anticoagulant (enoxaparin sodium 40 mg daily). Distal resection of the femur (on average 14 cm) was performed in 28 patients, and proximal resection of the tibia (on average 12 cm) in 8 patients, followed by knee replacement. Before the operation, on the 1st and 6th days after the operation, the hemorheological status and the state of the hemostasis system were evaluated in all patients. To determine the reference values, 24 healthy people were examined, comparable in gender and age. Statistical analysis using Statistica 10.0.Results. During the preoperative examination, integral assessment showed the differences in the severity of hemorheological disorders between patients, and two groups were identified: Group 1 – 21 (61 %) patients whose hemorheological disorders were classified as severity degree I, and Group 2 – 14 (39 %) patients with severity degree II d. On day 1 after the surgery, both patient groups showed negative dynamics: hemorheological disorders in group 1 worsened from grade I to II d., and in group 2 to III d. (critical) (p <0.05). On day 6, the parameters did not change significantly in all patients. Similar dynamic changes were observed in the haemostasis system.Conclusion. Activation of the blood coagulation system and deterioration of hemorheology occurred after surgery during administration of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy. None of the patients had venous thromboembolic complications, however the risk of their development remained high. A differential model describing hemorheological status can be useful for selection of thromboprophylaxis and rehabilitation methods which include physical factors that improve the hemorheological profile: low-frequency magnetic and/or laser therapy in patients.
Case report: role of multidisciplinary approach in a case of spine osteosarcoma with oligometastatic heart disease
Authors: Tararykova A. A. , Valiev A. K. , Kononets P. V. , Charchyan E. R. , Kabardaev R. M. , Fedorova A. V. , Batyrova G. S. , Shin A. R. , Kozlov N. A. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Primary spinal osteosarcoma and rare metastatic heart lesion are considered significant factors for poor prognosis. The available work indicates that combined treatment, including the radical surgery of heart solitary metastatic lesion, probably provides the best outcome.Case report. Man, 27-year-old, with Th8 spinal osteosarcoma and solitary left atrial metastasis. From October 2019 to February 2020 5 cycles of chemotherapy (high doses of platinum and doxorubicin) were carried out with positive effect. Next steps were surgery: March 2020 – spondylectomy of the Th8 vertebra with combined stabilization; September 2020 – subtotal resection with plasty of the right atrium, tricuspid valve and prosthesis of the right coronary artery. Between the first and second surgery, 4 more same chemotherapy cycles were carried out. Currently, 24 months after completion of treatment, there are no signs of the disease.Conclusion. The article presents a unique case of treatment of primary osteosarcoma and metastatic lesion of rare location. Multidisciplinary approach and combination treatment in specialized centers increase the probability of favorable outcome in such cases.
Száz éve született Loksa Imre (1923–1992)
Authors: Török Júlia Katalin 
Published: December 2023

A Magyar Biológiai Társaság Állattani Szakosztályának 1067. ülésén a száz éve született Loksa Imrére emlékeztünk, aki egyetemi hallgatók és kollégák generációi számára a zoológiai ismeretek kimeríthetetlen közvetítője volt. Kulcsszerepet töltött be a talajállatok taxonómiai és cönológiai ismeretének hazai alapvetésében. Az általa leírt nagyszámú magyarországi vagy egzotikus faj napjaink kutatói számára is biztos forrás a rendszertani és biogeográfiai kutatásaik során. Loksa Imre Budapesten született 1923-ban. A reálgimnáziumi érettségit követően 1942-től a Királyi Magyar Budapesti Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetem, az ELTE előd-intézményének biológia-földrajz szakos hallgatója lett. Vezetékneve az egyetemi Almanachban diákkorában Lokscha írásmóddal szerepel. Pályája jelentős társadalmi változásokkal teli időszakot ívelt át, és az óriási kontrasztokat olyan élmények is mélyítették, mint az 1960-as években az UNESCO-MTA közös finanszírozású egzotikus trópusi gyűjtőutak Balogh János szervezésében. De mégsem a világutazó, hanem a hazai tájakon évtizedek alatt legalább annyi kilométert lerovó, ugyanakkor a szobája mélyén a mikroszkópnál elmélyülten preparáló, tűéles, precíz rajzokat készítő csendes tudós képét őrizzük róla.
Romatoid Artritli Hastaların İnternetten Sağlık Bilgisi Arama Tercihleri
Authors: ORUCOGLU Nurdan , SARI Zühre 
Published: December 2023

Amaç: İnternetin hızlı yayılımı ve değişimi, günümüzde sağlıkla ilişkili bilginin kolay ve ucuz şekilde elde edilebilmesini sağlamıştır. Özellikle son yıllarda kronik hastalığa sahip birçok hasta tarafından temel başvuru kaynaklarından biri olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kronik romatizmal bir hastalık olan romatoid artritli (RA) hastaların internet kullanım özelliklerini ve tercihlerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: XXX Romatoloji polikliniğinde takipli 149 Romatoid artrit hastasına internet kullanım tercihlerini belirlemeye yönelik olarak hazırlanan kağıt tabanlı 2 çoktan seçmeli ve 16 iki uçlu sorudan oluşan toplam 18 soruluk anket rastgele olarak uygulandı.
Bulgular: Hastaların %24.2’si (n=36) internet sık olarak kullanmaktaydı, %28,2 (n=42) ara sıra, %26,2 (n=39) lüzum halinde kullanmaktayken %21,5 (n=32)’si hiç kullanmamaktaydı. RA’lı hastalarının internette sağlıkla ilgili bilgi arama nedenleri arasında ilk sırada hastalıkları hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini arttırmak (n=87, %58.4), ardından sırası ile; alternatif tedavi uygulamaları hakkında bilgi edinmek (n=43, %28.9), kullanılan ilaçların etki ve yan etkilerini araştırmak (n= 26, %17.4) ve hasta platformlarına katılmak/forumları okumaktı (n=9, %6). Hastaların yarısı internetten edindikleri bilgi sonrasında kaygı duyduklarını belirtti (%50.3). Hastaların %62.4’ü hastalık tanısı sonrasında internetten araştırma yapmıştı. İnternetten araştırma yapan hastaların %44.3’ü edindikleri bilgileri faydalı bulmakta iken eriştikleri bilgilerin doğruluğuna güvenenlerin oranı ise %26.8’di. Hastaların %71.1’i internette doğru bilginin yanısıra çok sayıda yanlış bilginin de bulunduğunu düşünmekteydi.
Sonuç: RA’lı hastaların büyük çoğunluğu internetten hastalıklarına ilişkin sağlık bilgisi aramaktadır. Hastaların çoğunluğunun internette çok sayıda yanlış bilginin de bulunduğunu düşünmesi önemli bir farkındalık olmakla beraber, sağlık profesyonellerinin internetten sağlık bilgisi araştıran hastalara güvenilir platformlar sağlaması önemlidir.