bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of one‐time soft tissue therapy on pelvic floor muscle electromyographic signals in women with urinary incontinence: A randomized intervention trial
Authors: Kasper‐Jędrzejewska Martyna , Starzec‐Proserpio Małgorzata , Paprocka‐Borowicz Małgorzata , Kawka Szymon , Halski Tomasz , Ptaszkowski Kuba 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the effects of one‐time soft tissue therapy (STT) on pelvic floor muscle (PFM) electromyographic signals in women with stress and/or mixed urinary incontinence.MethodsAn intervention study conducted with 63 women with stress and/or mixed urinary incontinence. Participants were randomly assigned to either the one‐time STT group (experimental group) or the control group. The same teaching model for voluntary contraction and relaxation of the PFM was used for all participants. Electromyographic signals from the PFM during functional tasks were the primary clinical outcome measures at baseline and immediately after the intervention. Electromyographic signals were analyzed using root mean square amplitude.ResultsThere was no significant difference between groups in electromyographic PFM signals in prebaseline rest (mean difference: −0.146 [95% confidence interval (CI): −0.44 to 0.148; p = 0.470]), phasic contractions (mean difference: 0.807 [95% CI: 0.123–1.491; p = 0.459]), tonic contractions (mean difference: 1.06 [95% CI: 0.255–1.865; p = 0.302]), endurance contractions (mean difference: 0.896 [95% CI: 0.057–1.735; p = 0.352]) and postbaseline rest (mean difference: −0.123 [95% CI: −0.406 to 0.16; p = 0.591]) immediately after the one‐time STT intervention.ConclusionA one‐time STT intervention does not appear to effectively alter electromyographic signal of the PFM in women with urinary incontinence. Due to the limitations of the study, further research is needed to confirm these results.
Distributed model predictive control based on the alternating directions method of multipliers applied to voltage and frequency control in power systems
Authors: Göbel Jens , Mendes Paulo Renato Da Costa , Wirsen Andreas , Damm Tobias 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe present a straightforward way to solve a model predictive control problem for a power network system given as a nonlinear differential‐algebraic equation (DAE) in a distributed way using the consensus alternating directions method of multipliers (consensus ADMM) algorithm. While no convergence‐ or stability results are available for fully nonlinear DAE models, this gives unprecedented experimental evidence that power network systems of the presented structure allow to be controlled in this way, unlocking the numerous combined advantages of distributed and predictive control schemes in the context of energy distribution networks, as well as broadening the field of use for the consensus ADMM algorithm to nonlinear DAE models.
Giant anteaters as bad omens: Determinants and implications of wildlife superstitions
Authors: Catapani Mariana L. , Desbiez Arnaud L. J. , Morsello Carla 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Superstitious beliefs threaten wildlife species, yet they have received limited attention in the scientific literature.

Through a mixed‐method approach, including 259 face‐to‐face interviews, we explored the factors influencing superstitions about giant anteaters in the Brazilian Pantanal and their implications for both people and the species.

Our results indicated that bad omen superstitions about giant anteaters could be explained by the psychological discomfort felt from the species' peculiarities, social influence, misconceptions about their biology and behaviour, and the frequency of the species' sightings. Age, gender and schooling did not influence superstitious adherence.

Interviewees holding superstitious beliefs of bad luck reported worry, distress and anxiety in trigger situations. Most engage in superstitious behaviours to ward off bad luck. While some acts were harmless, others threatened people and giant anteaters.

By explaining misconceptions and demystifying unique species characteristics that evoke psychological discomfort, conservationists might foster better coexistence between people and species historically associated with misfortune.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Research on the influencing factors of hysteresis heat of rubber roller in battery pole piece calendering
Authors: He Hong , Xing Yu , Yan Ruichen , Li Fanzhu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe calendering process of pole piece is a key step affecting the performance of the power battery. In the calendaring process, rubber roller materials will produce hysteresis heat, resulting in rolling resistance, which will lead to energy loss. The thermo‐mechanical coupling model for calendering rubber roller has been established and the effects of materials, calendering speeds, and roller structure shape on the viscoelastic temperature rise of rubber roller were analyzed. Solution‐polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber (SSBR) materials with different fillers have the greatest impact on temperature rise, followed by the roller shape, and calendering speed is smaller. The loss modulus of SSBR filled with white carbon black studied was smaller, and the temperature rise at high speed was 14.5°C higher than that at low speed. The optimized roller shape has a temperature rise of 10.4°C lower than the original shape. The research results could provide reference for the calendering rubber roller design of pole piece and similar processing.Highlights
A thermo‐mechanical coupling model of calendering rubber roller was established.
The rubber roller made of SSBR‐VN3 has a lower temperature rise.
Optimized structure reduced contact pressure by 28.1% and temperature rise by 10.4°C.
Prostatectomy postoperative urinary incontinence: From origin to treatment
Authors: Jing Quan , Gu Jijia , Li Ziwei , Sun Xuan , Chen Qiuyang , Li Shanhong , Xu Weizhang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProstate cancer is a common malignant tumor at present, and there are still adverse reactions after radical prostatectomy. As many as 30% of patients complain of urinary incontinence (UI). This review begins with the pathophysiological basis of post‐prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPUI) and describes the maintenance of normal urine control function, anatomical changes, and urodynamic maintenance of PPUI. Then, we talk about the various influencing factors of UI, for example, the differences caused by the basic condition of the patient, the length of the membranous urinary tract, the level of prostate‐specific antigen before operation, the method and technique of operation, and so on. Last, we introduce all kinds of treatments of PPUI in detail. It includes noninvasive conservative treatment, traditional surgical treatment, emerging stem cell therapy treatment, and postoperative psychotherapy of PPUI. The present situation of the treatment of UI after prostatectomy is summarized, and the prospect of the technology is put forward.
A significance score for protein–protein interaction models through random docking
Authors: McCoy Katherine Maia , Ackerman Margaret E. , Grigoryan Gevorg 
Published: December 2023

AbstractComparing accuracies of structural protein–protein interaction (PPI) models for different complexes on an absolute scale is a challenge, requiring normalization of scores across structures of different sizes and shapes. To help address this challenge, we have developed a statistical significance metric for docking models, called random‐docking (RD) p‐value. This score evaluates a PPI model based on how likely a random docking process is to produce a model of better or equal accuracy. The binding partners are randomly docked against each other a large number of times, and the probability of sampling a model of equal or greater accuracy from this reference distribution is the RD p‐value. Using a subset of top predicted models from CAPRI (Critical Assessment of PRediction of Interactions) rounds over 2017–2020, we find that the ease of achieving a given root mean squared deviation or DOCKQ score varies considerably by target; achieving the same relative metric can be thousands of times easier for one complex compared to another. In contrast, RD p‐values inherently normalize scores for models of different complexes, making them globally comparable. Furthermore, one can calculate RD p‐values after generating a reference distribution that accounts for prior information about the interface geometry, such as residues involved in binding, by giving the random‐docking process access the same information. Thus, one can decouple improvements in prediction accuracy that arise solely from basic modeling constraints from those due to the rest of the method. We provide efficient code for computing RD p‐values at https://github.com/Grigoryanlab/RDP.
Quantum chemical calculation, topological analysis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of allo‐ocimenol against breast cancer
Authors: Chandran Kaliraj , Zochedh Azar , Sukumaran Sureba , Sultan Asath Bahadur , Kathiresan Thandavarayan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to identify the structural stability of allo‐ocimenol and its molecular reactivity against breast cancer‐associated proteins to confirm its anti‐cancer capability using density function theory and molecular docking analysis. The structural optimization was carried out via the DFT/B3LYP technique with a 6‐311++G (d,p) basis set. The molecular geometry and vibrational assignments of the Allo‐Ocimenol molecule were analyzed through density functional theory (DFT). Through optimized molecular structure, the vibrational frequencies (FT‐IR and FT‐Raman) were assigned and related with experimentally observed vibrational frequencies and the UV spectrum was computed and experimentally confirmed. The allo‐ocimenol's reactive activity was further analyzed through a computed molecular electrostatic potential surface. Utilizing the HOMO‐LUMO energies and molecular electrostatic potential energy gap, the reactivity and molecular stability of the allo‐ocimenol molecule was calculated. Mulliken and natural population analyses were used to determine the charge distribution across the allo‐ocimenol atoms. The natural bond orbitals were used to demonstrate the bioactivity of the titled molecule. RDG evaluation was used to examine the weak interactions of the allo‐ocimenol molecule. ELF and LOL analyses were utilized to investigate the topology of the allo‐ocimenol molecule. Thermodynamic evaluation has been utilized to acquire values and asses the thermodynamic parameters that reveal the thermal stability of the title molecule. Allo‐Ocimenol's anti‐microbial activity was assessed through an in‐vitro disc diffusion method, and its tumor inhibitory and pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated through an in‐silico approach using molecular docking and ADMET investigation. Zones of clearance were seen in anti‐microbial analyses at various concentrations, and the breast cancer target protein NAMPT established the greatest binding potential, with a docking value of −7.4 Kcal mol−1.
A General Approach to Dropout in Quantum Neural Networks
Authors: Scala Francesco , Ceschini Andrea , Panella Massimo , Gerace Dario 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn classical machine learning (ML), “overfitting” is the phenomenon occurring when a given model learns the training data excessively well, and it thus performs poorly on unseen data. A commonly employed technique in ML is the so called “dropout,” which prevents computational units from becoming too specialized, hence reducing the risk of overfitting. With the advent of quantum neural networks (QNNs) as learning models, overfitting might soon become an issue, owing to the increasing depth of quantum circuits as well as multiple embedding of classical features, which are employed to give the computational nonlinearity. Here, a generalized approach is presented to apply the dropout technique in QNN models, defining and analyzing different quantum dropout strategies to avoid overfitting and achieve a high level of generalization. This study allows to envision the power of quantum dropout in enabling generalization, providing useful guidelines on determining the maximal dropout probability for a given model, based on overparametrization theory. It also highlights how quantum dropout does not impact the features of the QNN models, such as expressibility and entanglement. All these conclusions are supported by extensive numerical simulations and may pave the way to efficiently employing deep quantum machine learning (QML) models based on state‐of‐the‐art QNNs.
Aeration strength analysis of overflow weir in siphon well based on numerical simulation of water–air two‐phase flow
Authors: Liu Da , Lin Hui , Huang Bensheng , Cheng Xiangju , Sun Lubin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe phenomenon of water aeration is serious after the overflow weir in the siphon well at the cooling water circulation system of coastal power plants. At present, designing special hydraulic structures is an effective way to reduce the intensity of aeration. In this paper, three engineering structure schemes were designed, and the three‐dimensional Realizable k–ε turbulence model was used. The volume of fluid method was introduced to capture the free water surface, and the unstructured grid was used to construct the two‐phase turbulent flow field. The aeration concentration and pressure distribution, obtained by numerical simulation, were basically consistent with the physical model test results. The results showed that the flow field at the orifice plates of cases 1 and 2 changed drastically, and the turbulent kinetic energy downstream of the orifice plate decreased with the increase of the number of holes. As for case 3, it showed that the high‐speed water flow fell into the water cushion pool, tumbling and sucking up a lot of air, and the turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds stress were significantly greater than the other two cases. The hydraulic structure changed the cavitation characteristics of the downflow water, and the sequence of aeration concentration of the horizontal section was case 3 > case 1 > case 2. The aeration concentration was only 9.18%–17.86% in case 2. The aeration concentration at stable time is expressed as a function of the relative water depth y/y90 and the turbulent diffusion coefficient D. The distribution formula of aeration concentration was established, and its validity was verified by literatures. The results of this study will provide a certain reference for in‐depth analysis of water–air mixing motion characteristics, and simultaneously, it will have a guiding significance for the design of siphon well defoaming engineering.
The significance of morphometric analysis of Shimsha River, Karnataka, India to understand the hydrological and morphological characteristics
Authors: Gautam Pawan K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMorphometric analysis is crucial for advancing in various fields, including geomorphology, hydrology, environmental sciences, and geological studies. The objective of the present study is to understand the hydrological and morphological characteristics of the Shimsha River, which flows through the fluvial deltaic plain in the semiarid environment of Karnataka. Remote sensing and geographic information system have been used as mapping and efficient tools for drainage basin morphometry. The emphasis is laid on geological, geomorphological, hydrological, and fluvial features under linear, aerial, shape, relief, geometric, morphotectonic, and social morphometric parameters. The basin area is about 8741 km2, with a dendritic to subdendritic pattern. The sinuosity index is 1.6, which indicates meandering in nature. Areal parameters suggest that the drainage basin has a moderate surface permeability, homogenous lithology, run‐off, erodibility, low relief conditions, infiltration rate, and a well‐developed drainage network. Shape parameter indicates that the basin is subelongated with flatted peak flow and longer duration. Relief factor indicated low relief and intermediate stage of the incision rate. The river has an asymmetry factor is 38.65 and it shows that the channel has shifted southwest. The river shows a perfectly graded profile, with a considerable amount of incision and deposition along its profile showing tectonically unstable, based on the spatial distribution of the potential groundwater zone of about (5260 km2), other waterbody masks covered (285 km2). Standard visual interpretation techniques were applied to recognize and interpret the land use and land cover patterns. A basin rich in clay‐rich soil may lead to a massive flood. Essentially, physiographical and structural conditions controlled the stream order of the basin. The increase in the stream length ratio from lower to a higher order. That indicates a mature geomorphic stage of the study area. Rainfall and local lithology impact the development of segments of the stream.
Unlocking the Antibacterial Potential of Xanthone from Calophyllum Species: Inhibition of Nucleic Acid Synthesis
Authors: Heilman Dayang Nurul Anisa Abang , Hui Audrey Yong Chee , Mian Vivien Jong Yi , Ahmad Fasihuddin Badruddin , Cee Lim Pei , Stanslas Johnson , Zamakshshari Nor Hisam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPlants are valuable resources for the development of novel pharmaceutical products. The increasing threat to global health caused by antibiotic resistance remains a serious concern, driven a need to discover and evaluate novel anti‐bacterial agents. Calophyllum species are known for having excellent biological activity due to its secondary metabolites, such as xanthone. Numerous xanthones have been found to possess anti‐bacterial properties that are effective against plant pathogens, hence can be applied to fight human pathogens. Topoisomerase enzymes (DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV) are DNA metabolism enzymes that possess distinct roles as unlinking enzymes during DNA replication. Nucleic acid synthesis inhibition reduces bacteria proliferation through the inhibition of topoisomerase enzymes that are essential for bacterial growth. The xanthone isolated from Calophyllum and its anti‐bacterial were discussed in this review. Besides, molecular docking simulations were applied to explore the potential binding mode of xanthones to DNA metabolism enzymes. The docking study displayed that biscaloxanthone is a good topoisomerase enzymes inhibitor compared to their co‐cystalize ligand, novobiocin and BDBM50198240. The complied information and molecular docking simulations suggested that xanthone isolated possesses potential anti‐bacterial agents inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis. Besides, it suggested that the anti‐microbial activity of xanthone contributes from the topoisomerase enzyme‘s inhibition.
Improved Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of g‐C3N4 via CoB‐Modified Cocatalysts
Authors: Xu Tong , Liu Dongmei , Gu Dazhang , Shi Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUsing g‐C3N4 as semiconductor carrier, CoB particles were loaded onto the surface of g‐C3N4 to prepare CoB/g‐C3N4 photocatalyst, which exhibited improved the photocatalytic water splitting to hydrogen production performance. By comparison, it was found that bare g‐C3N4 did not produce H2, all as‐prepared CoB/g‐C3N4 photocatalysts could produce H2, and the loaded mass of CoB cocatalyst was 15 %, CoB/g‐C3N4 photocatalyst showed the highest hydrogen evolution activity. The results of work function, electrochemistry and photoelectric conversion indicated that Schottky junction was formed between CoB and g‐C3N4, which could improve the separated rate of photoinduced charge, meanwhile, loaded CoB lowed the hydrogen production overpotential of g‐C3N4. Hence, this study provides more possibilities for the application of photocatalysis.
Bulk Nanostructured Silicide Thermoelectric Materials by Reversible Hydrogen Absorption–Desorption
Authors: Dirba Imants , Ablets Yevhen , Skokov Konstantin , Adabifiroozjaei Esmaeil , Molina‐Luna Leopoldo , Gutfleisch Oliver 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe production of bulk nanostructured silicide thermoelectric materials by a reversible hydrogen absorption–desorption process is demonstrated. Here, high‐pressure reactive milling under 100 bar hydrogen is used to decompose the Ca2Si phase into CaH2and Si. Subsequent vacuum heat treatment results in hydrogen desorption and recombination of the constituents into the original phase. By changing the heat treatment temperature, recombination into Ca2Si or Ca5Si3can be achieved. Most importantly, the advanced synthesis process enables drastic and simple microstructure refinement by more than two orders of magnitude, from a grain size of around 50 µm in the initial ingot to 100–200 nm after the hydrogen absorption–desorption process. Fine precipitates with sizes ranging from 10–50 nm are forming coherently inside the grains. Thus, the route is promising and can be used for reducing thermal conductivity due to phonon scattering from grain boundaries as well as through nanostructuring with second‐phase precipitates. Moreover, the process is environmentally friendly since hydrogen is reversibly absorbed, desorbed, and can be fully recovered.
Stretchable Electronics with Strain‐Resistive Performance
Authors: Hou Sihui , Chen Cong , Bai Libing , Yu Junsheng , Cheng Yuhua , Huang Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStretchable electronics have attracted tremendous attention amongst academic and industrial communities due to their prospective applications in personal healthcare, human‐activity monitoring, artificial skins, wearable displays, human‐machine interfaces, etc. Other than mechanical robustness, stable performances under complex strains in these devices that are not for strain sensing are equally important for practical applications. Here, a comprehensive summarization of recent advances in stretchable electronics with strain‐resistive performance is presented. First, detailed overviews of intrinsically strain‐resistive stretchable materials, including conductors, semiconductors, and insulators, are given. Then, systematic representations of advanced structures, including helical, serpentine, meshy, wrinkled, and kirigami‐based structures, for strain‐resistive performance are summarized. Next, stretchable arrays and circuits with strain‐resistive performance, that integrate multiple functionalities and enable complex behaviors, are introduced. This review presents a detailed overview of recent progress in stretchable electronics with strain‐resistive performances and provides a guideline for the future development of stretchable electronics.
S‐Nitrosylated CuS Hybrid Hydrogel Patches with Robust Antibacterial and Repair‐Promoting Activity for Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Jia Pengpeng , Zou Yu , Jiang Jiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDevelopment of wound dressing with robust antibacterial and repair‐promoting activity has always been an urgent biomedical task during the past years. The therapeutic effect of current hydrogel dressings containing single bioactive agent like nanoparticle or gas is still unsatisfactory for the treatment of infected wound. Herein, a CuS/NO co‐loaded hydrogel (CuS/NO Gel) is proposed, which is constructed by sequential polymerization, reduction, and S‐nitrosylation of CuS hybrid hydrogel with disulfide bonds. These CuS/NO Gel patches show good mechanical stability, high photothermal activity and excellent biocompatibility. When being applied to treat infected wound, CuS/NO Gel can not only eliminate infection effectively by the synergistic effect of mild photothermal heating and boosted NO release in infection phase, but also promote vascularization and collagen deposition due to the synchronous supply of Cu ion nutrients and low concentration NO signaling molecules in wound repair phase. Compared to hydrogel dressings with individual active agent (CuS Gel or NO Gel), CuS/NO Gel exhibits better antibacterial and repair‐promoting activity both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, this CuS/NO Gel holds great promise in the future clinical treatment against infected wound.