bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the relationship between pulmonary artery volume and quantitative voxel based flow parameters in patients with and without pulmonary hypertension using 4D flow MRI
Authors: Koike Hirofumi , Sueyoshi Eijun , Nishimura Takamasa , Morikawa Minoru , Miyazaki Shohei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Four-dimensional (4D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to determine abnormal blood flow in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), but the relationship between abnormal blood flow and pulmonary artery volume is unclear. This study aimed to quantify pulmonary artery volume and flow parameters using 4D flow MRI, and to evaluate their relationship in patients with PH and in those without PH.
Methods
We retrospectively studied 177 patients at our institution who underwent cardiac contrast-enhanced MRI to investigate cardiomyopathy or cardiac dysfunction. The patients were divided into the non-PH group (n = 162) with systolic pulmonary artery pressure < 39 mmHg and the PH group (n = 15) with systolic pulmonary artery pressure > 40 mmHg. We performed 4D flow MRI to quantitively assess volume, energy loss (EL), vorticity (Vor), and helicity (Hel) in the pulmonary artery.
Results
Pulmonary artery volume, EL average, Vor average, Hel right screw average, and Hel left screw average were significantly lower in the non-PH group than in the PH group (all p < 0.05). The pulmonary artery volume was significantly correlated with EL average (R = 0.4140, p < 0.0001), Vor average (R = 0.7561, p < 0.0001), and Hel right and left screw averages in the non-PH group (R = 0.5105, p < 0.0001; R = −0.5349, p < 0.0001, respectively). The pulmonary artery volume was significantly correlated with Vor average in the PH group (R= 0.6152, p = 0.0146). However, the pulmonary artery volume was not correlated with EL average or Hel right and left screw averages in the PH group.
Conclusion
EL and Hel may reflect PH in voxel-based evaluation of blood flow in the pulmonary artery.
A Short Scale to Measure Health-Related Quality of Life after Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents (QOLIBRI-OS-KID/ADO): Psychometric Properties and German Reference Values
Authors: Zeldovich Marina , Krol Leonie , Koerte Inga K. , Cunitz Katrin , Kieslich Matthias , Henrich Marlene , Brockmann Knut , Buchheim Anna , Lendt Michael , Auer Christian , Neu Axel , Driemeyer Joenna , Wartemann Ulrike , Thomé Claudius , Pinggera Daniel , Berweck Steffen , Bonfert Michaela V. , Suss Joachim , Muehlan Holger , von Steinbuechel Nicole 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The impact of pediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents remains understudied. Short scales have some advantages in terms of economy and administration over longer scales, especially in younger children. The aim of the present study is to psychometrically evaluate the six-item German version of the QOLIBRI-OS-KID/ADO scale for children and adolescents. In addition, reference values from a general German pediatric population are obtained to assist clinicians and researchers in the interpretation of HRQoL after pTBI. A total of 297 individuals after TBI and 1997 from a general population sample completed the questionnaire. Reliability, validity, and comparability of the assessed construct were examined. The questionnaire showed satisfactory reliability (α = 0.75 and ω = 0.81 and α = 0.85 and ω = 0.86 for the TBI and general population samples, respectively). The QOLIBRI-OS-KID/ADO was highly correlated with its long version (R2 = 67%) and showed an overlap with disease-specific HRQoL (R2 = 55%) in the TBI sample. The one-dimensional factorial structure could be replicated and tested for measurement invariance between samples, indicating a comparable HRQoL construct assessment. Therefore, reference values and cut-offs indicating clinically relevant impairment could be provided using percentiles stratified by factors significantly associated with the total score in the regression analyses (i.e., age group and gender). In combination with the cut-offs, the QOLIBRI-OS-KID/ADO provides a cost-effective screening tool, complemented by interpretation guidelines, which may help to draw clinical conclusions and indications for further diagnostics and therapy.
Identification Methods for Ordinal Potential Differential Games
Authors: Varga Balint , Huang Da , Hohmann Soeren 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces two new identification methods for the class of linear quadratic (LQ) ordinal potential differential games (OPDGs). Potential games are notable for their benefits, including the computability and guaranteed existence of Nash Equilibria. Previous literature has explored the analysis of static ordinal potential games, yet their applicability to various engineering applications remains limited. Despite the previous introduction of the core idea of OPDGs, a systematic method for identifying a potential game for a given LQ differential game has not been developed yet. To address this research gap, this paper proposes two identification methods that provide the quadratic potential cost function for the given LQ differential game. Both identification methods are based on linear matrix inequalities. The first identification method aims to minimize the condition number of the potential cost function's parameters, providing a faster and more precise technique compared to earlier solutions. In addition, an evaluation regarding the feasibility of system structure requirements is presented. With a less rigid formulation, the second identification technique can successfully identify LQ OPDGs in instances where the first method fails. These two novel identification methods are verified through simulations. The results demonstrate their advantages and potential in designing and analyzing cooperative control systems.
Registration Level and Nonprofit Foundation Efficiency in China: The Moderating Role of Organizational Income
Authors: Peng Sujie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Nonprofit foundations are becoming increasingly significant stakeholders in global governance and business operations. However, measuring their efficiency is a challenging task due to their mission-driven nature. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing the program efficiency of nonprofit foundations in China. 10 indicators are employed and tested using data from the Chinese Research Data Services (CNRDS) platform. The study employs multiple regression analysis to examine the influential factors identified in the dataset. The study's findings suggest a positive and significant correlation between registration level and program efficiency, while there is a negative and significant correlation with administrative efficiency. Furthermore, organizational income appears to moderate the impact of registration level on both program and administrative efficiency. The results of the analysis provide valuable insights for nonprofit foundation operators, policymakers, and researchers in the field of the nonprofit sector (e.g., nonprofit foundations in China are encouraged to find an equilibrium between their organizational efficiency and their registration status). In terms of theoretical contributions, this study stands as one of the pioneering efforts in investigating the influence of registration levels and the moderating effect of organizational income on nonprofit foundations’ efficiency. Finally, we have delineated its limitations and outlined avenues for future research.
Comprehensive transcriptome profiling between balding and non-balding scalp of Female pattern hair loss in Asian
Authors: Kim Soon Re , Kim Yun Ji , Kim Ju-Hee , Kim Su Na , Park Won Serk , Kim Se Hwan , Chung Juhyun , Choi Mi soo , Kim MyungHwa , Park Byung Cheol 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: While many gene expression studies have focused on male pattern baldness (MPB), few studies have investigated the genetic differences between bald and non-bald hair follicles in female pattern hair loss (FPHL).
Objective: This study aimed to identify molecular biomarkers associated with FPHL through genetic analysis of paired bald and non-bald hair follicles from 18 FPHL patients, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques.
Methods: RNA transcriptome analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between bald and non-bald hair follicles in FPHL. The DEGs were validated using real-time PCR, and protein expression was confirmed through immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis.
Results: Our findings suggest that HOXB13, SFRP2, PTGDS, CXCR3, SFRP4, SOD3, and DCN are significantly upregulated in bald hair follicles compared to non-bald hair follicles in FPHL. SFRP2 and PTGDS were found to be consistently highly expressed in bald hair follicles in all 18 samples. Additionally, elevated protein levels of SFRP2 and PTGDS were confirmed through western blot and immunohistochemical analysis.
Conclusion: Our study identified SFRP2 and PTGDS as potential biomarkers for FPHL and suggests that they may play a role in inducing hair loss in this condition. These findings provide a foundation for further research on the pathogenesis of FPHL and potential therapeutic targets.
Thoracoscopic Thymectomy for Myasthenia Gravis: An early experience in Yemen
Authors: Obadiel Yasser Abdurabo , Al-Shehari Mohammed Mohammed , Al-Shawesh Ali , Al-Huribi Basma Abdulaleem , Jowah Haitham Mohammed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Thymectomy is an option for the treatment of myasthenia gravis MG. While the open technique was most frequently performed in the past, nowadays the endoscopic approach has gained wide acceptance. Here we assessed our early experience in thoracoscopic thymectomy (TT).Methods This case series was retrospectively conducted at Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital and included patients diagnosed with MG who underwent TT from January 2018 to January 2024.Results Our case series consisted of 13 predominantly female patients (61.5%), with a median age of 39.5 years. The most common presenting symptoms were generalized weakness and ptosis. Surgeries typically lasted 50 ± 10.41 minutes, with the majority performed using a left-sided thoracoscopic approach (n = 10, 77%). Immediate extubation was achieved in 10 patients (76%). Four patients experienced early postoperative complications (31%), including dyspnea, prolonged intubation, chest infection, confusion, tracheostomy, and re-tracheostomy. There were 2 recorded deaths due to complications. Eleven patients were followed up for an average of 16.5 months, revealing that 54.5% achieved complete stable remission, 18% showed improvement with reduced symptoms and medications, and 27% remained unchanged.Conclusions Thoracoscopic thymectomy is a safe and effective procedure for the management of MG in Yemeni patients. The observed remission and improvement rates are promising and align with global experiences. It is recommended that with proper resources and expertise, similar minimally invasive surgical approaches can be implemented in resource-limited regions.
A Rare Case of Gastroduodenal Artery Aneurysm Rupture with Perforated Duodenal Ulcer: A Case Report
Authors: Almadwahi Nabeel Y. , Alshujaa Mohamed A. , Al-Hodiafy Hamza Z. , Jowah Haitham Mohammed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
This case report highlights a rare presentation of a ruptured gastroduodenal artery aneurysm (GDA) accompanied by a duodenal perforation. It contributes to the scientific literature by discussing the management approach and results in a patient with dual complications and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Case presentation:
A 50-year-old male presented with severe abdominal pain, anemia, and signs of hemodynamic instability. Diagnostic imaging revealed a thrombosed gastroduodenal artery aneurysm. The patient underwent open surgical exploration and repair to address both the aneurysm and the duodenal perforation. The patient's recovery was satisfactory, and he was discharged home in stable condition.
Conclusions
This case report highlights the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management in gastroduodenal artery aneurysms. It emphasizes the need for individualized surgical interventions based on the patient's hemodynamic status and associated complications. Dual complications required open surgical exploration and repair, resulting in favorable outcomes. The case underscores the importance of prompt intervention and comprehensive treatment in reducing mortality associated with this condition.
A Novel Approach for Spam Comment Detection on YouTube Using Graph-Enhanced Hierarchical Attention Network (GE-HAN)
Authors: Ganguly Abhisek , Ruby A. Usha , Reddy G Pawan Kumar , J George Chellin Chandran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Spam comments pose a significant challenge in maintaining the quality of online platforms, including YouTube. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, the Graph-Enhanced Hierarchical Attention Network (GE-HAN), for spam comment detection. Our approach leverages the content of comments, the hierarchical structure of conversations, and user interactions to accurately classify comments as spam or non-spam. The GE-HAN model combines attention mechanisms to capture important textual features within comments and graph convolutional networks to analyze user interactions and detect coordinated spamming efforts. We trained and evaluated the model using a labeled dataset of spam comments, incorporating user names along with comment content and adjacency matrix representing user interactions. Experimental results demonstrate that the GE-HAN model achieves superior performance in spam detection, outperforming traditional methods. By considering both content and user dynamics, the model effectively identifies spam comments in YouTube, providing a robust solution to combat spam. Our research contributes to the field by showcasing the potential of graph-enhanced attention mechanisms in capturing complex patterns within comments and user interactions.
Isolation and Characterization of Polyethylene and Polyethylene Terephthalate-degrading Bacteria from Jakarta Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Azizi Aqil , Fairus Sirin , Sari Deffi Ayu Puspito 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Plastic is resistant to natural breakdown because of its intricate structure, which features long and repeated molecular chains. As a result, a variety of plastic waste, mostly made of polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), accumulates in Jakarta Bay. The use of microorganisms to degrade plastic trash has emerged as a highly promising bioremediation strategy.

Methods
The goal of this research is to find microorganisms capable of digesting plastic in the samples of seawater and sediment obtained from Muara Angke Jakarta Bay. The bacteria were grown on Zobell Marine Agar (ZMA) that had been treated with 2% polyethylene glycol (PEG). The bacteria were then selected based on their capacity to degrade PE and PET microplastics in a liquid medium. The ability to degrade was determined by measuring the optical density (OD) at 600 nm and the decrease in plastic dry weight after a 14-day incubation period.

Results
Seven bacterial isolates capable of decomposing PE and PET were found during the isolation and screening methods. The WJ1 outperformed other isolates in the degradation of PE and PET, with degradation rates of 4.5% and 6.5%, respectively.

Conclusion
According to 16S rRNA analysis, five bacterial species have been identified as playing a part in the process of plastic degradation: Vibrio alginolyticus, Pseudoalteromonas caenipelagi, Microbulbifer pacificus, Pseudomonas marincola, and Bacillus subtilis. The ability of these bacteria to biodegrade plastics represents an opportunity to effectively remove persistent pollutants from the environment.
Engineering Characteristics at Early Age of Cemented Silica Fume Paste for Peat Compaction Grouting
Authors: Hasan Alsidqi , Hutabarat Lolom Evalita 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Cemented Silica Fume Paste (CSFP) is currently being investigated for compaction grouting material to improve peat ground engineering properties. The CSFP is made in the laboratory using a proportional mixture of silica fume, cement binder, and tap water. The silica fume material is a byproduct of the metal processing industry, which critically requires a better alternative utilization in the near future in order to cut the storage cost and minimize the environmental impact.

Aims
This paper aims to present preliminary results on the engineering characteristics of CSFP at an early age through a series of rheological and strength tests. A general observation of the physical properties and microstructure of CSFP is also presented.

Methods
The CSFP specimens with cement binder range from 0% to 30% with the increment of 5% and Water-to-Solid (W/S) ratio ranges from 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 were prepared and tested. A series of rheology test and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests were carried out for the CSFP specimens at an early age. The data were analyzed statistically and mathematical formulation is presented.

Results
The results indicate that CSFP mixtures behave as pseudoplastic or shear thinning fluid, where the shear stress and viscosity depend highly on the shear rates. The higher the shear rates, the higher the shear stress and the lower the viscosity. Curve fitting showed that the best relationship between shear stress and shear rate is the power law function (Ostwald–de Waele relationship). Statistical parameters, k, n, R2 of the power law functions are reported. There was no good correlation found between the power law function statistical parameters and the cement content. The UCS tests showed that the shear strength increases with the amount of cement content. The actual W/S reduces as the cement content increases, which is attributed to the cement hydration.

Conclusion
The CSFP mixtures were found to be a pseudoplastic or shear thinning fluid at an early age that provides an advantage during the material injection on the ground. Cemented Silica Fume Paste can be potentially used as compaction grout to improve peat. The current findings provide a better understanding of the CSFP characteristics and to better design CSFP to be injected into peat ground.
Outcome of Non-operative Treatment of Extension Fractures in Patients with Ankylosed Spines – A Case Series
Authors: Yen David 
Published: February 2024

Background
Surgical treatment is the mainstay of management in patients having fractures in fused spines. However, these patients also tend to be older and have comorbidities resulting in increased morbidity and mortality with operative management. Therefore, there has been more recent interest in the risks and benefits of nonoperative treatment in these patients.

Objective
Extension pattern fractures have an intact posterior element hinge resulting in lower risk of translation. Therefore, we wanted to determine the outcome of nonoperative treatment of extension pattern fractures in patients with fused spines.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with fused spines having extension thoracolumbar fractures without neurologic deficit treated nonoperatively at a University Health Sciences Centre over an 8-year period.

Results
We had a complete set of data for 14 patients. There was a morbidity rate of 29% and a mortality rate of 14%. All of our patients had a significant positive change in their Cobb angle, indicating closure of the fracture gap without translation in either the sagittal or coronal planes. Remodelling of the fracture lines was found in all 14 patients and in 11 there were also bridging osteophytes across the fracture. No patients developed neurologic deficits.

Conclusion
By demonstrating the successful healing of extension fractures treated nonoperatively with morbidity and mortality in keeping with that of reports of patients with fused spines managed operatively, we added support to conducting future randomized studies of operative versus nonoperative treatment in this patient population.
GABA Metabolism and MDA Production in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Seedlings under Salinity and Osmotic Stresses
Authors: Al-Ajlouni Zakaria I. , AL-Quraan Nisreen A. , Al-Saqqar Hala Y. , Al-Ghzawi Abdul Latief , Al-Tawaha Abdel Rahman 
Published: February 2024

Aim
This study examined the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway in response to salt and osmotic stresses in three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes (Acsad176, Athroh, and Rum) in terms of seed germination, seedlings growth, oxidative damage through malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation as an indicator for reactive oxygen species (ROS), GABA metabolite accumulation, chlorophyll level, total proteins, total carbohydrates and the expression of glutamate decarboxylase gene (GAD) analysis.

Background
GABA is a secondary metabolite that modulates nitrogen metabolism, protects against oxidative damage, and cytosolic pH in response to various abiotic and biotic stress in plants.

Methods
The effects of salt and osmotic stresses imposed by different concentrations of mannitol, sorbitol, and NaCl on the three barley genotypes were studied. Seed germination, seedling length, fresh weight, and dry mass were recorded. The physiological and biochemical responses as per GABA and MDA accumulation, total chlorophyll, proteins and carbohydrates, and the level of GAD expression were also characterized and determined.

Results
Mannitol, sorbitol, and NaCl treatments decreased seed germination and seedling growth for the three barely genotypes used in this study. MDA concentration was increased in seedlings of all genotypes with increasing NaCl, mannitol, and sorbitol concentrations. Acsad 176 showed high GABA accumulation under NaCl treatment. Mannitol treatment significantly increased GABA accumulation in the Rum genotype. All salt and osmotic treatments decreased chlorophyll a and b and carbohydrate content and significantly increased GAD transcription in all barley genotypes. Salt and osmotic stresses affected the total protein content in all genotypes.

Conclusion
Acsad 176 genotype may adapt to NaCl stress by accumulating carbohydrates more than Athroh and Rum. GABA shunt is a crucial signaling and metabolic pathway facilitating barley's adaptation to salt and osmotic stress. In soil with high salt and osmotic contents, the Acsad 176 genotype is the recommended genotype for cultivation.