bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethylene-mediated stomatal responses to dehydration and rehydration in seed plants
Authors: Hasan Md Mahadi , Liu Xu-Dong , Yao Guang-Qian , Liu Jianquan , Fang Xiang-Wen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Ethylene, a plant hormone that significantly influences both plant growth and response to stress, plays a well-established role in stress signaling. However, its impact on stomatal opening and closure during dehydration and rehydration remains relatively unexplored and is still debated. Exogenous ethylene has been proven to induce stomatal closure through a series of signaling pathways, including the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, subsequent synthesis of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, and SLOW ANION CHANNEL-ASSOCIATED 1 activation. Thus, it has been suggested that ethylene might function to induce stomatal closure synergistically with abscisic acid (ABA). Furthermore, it has also been shown that increased ethylene can inhibit ABA- and jasmonic acid-induced stomatal closure, thus hindering drought-induced closure during dehydration. Simultaneously, other stresses, such as chilling, ozone pollution, and K+ deficiency, inhibit drought- and ABA-induced stomatal closure in an ethylene synthesis-dependent manner. However, ethylene has been shown to take on an opposing role during rehydration, preventing stomatal opening in the absence of ABA through its own signaling pathway. These findings offer novel insights into the function of ethylene in stomatal regulation during dehydration and rehydration, giving a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying ethylene-induced stomatal movement in seed plants.
The GALAH survey: elemental abundances in open clusters using joint effective temperature and surface gravity photometric priors
Authors: Beeson Kevin L , Kos Janez , de Grijs Richard , Martell Sarah L , Buder Sven , Traven Gregor , Lewis Geraint F , Zafar Tayyaba , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Freeman Ken C , Hayden Michael , Sharma Sanjib , De Silva Gayandhi M 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The ability to measure precise and accurate stellar effective temperatures (Teff) and surface gravities (log (g)) is essential in determining accurate and precise abundances of chemical elements in stars. Measuring log (g) from isochrones fitted to colour–magnitude diagrams of open clusters is significantly more accurate and precise compared to spectroscopic log (g). By determining the ranges of ages, metallicity, and extinction of isochrones that fit the colour–magnitude diagram, we constructed a joint probability distribution of Teff and log (g). The joint photometric probability shows the complex correlations between Teff and log (g), which depend on the evolutionary stage of the star. We show that by using this photometric prior while fitting spectra, we can acquire more precise spectroscopic stellar parameters and abundances of chemical elements. This reveals higher-order abundance trends in open clusters like traces of atomic diffusion. We used photometry and astrometry provided by the Gaia DR3 catalogue, Padova isochrones, and Galactic Archaeology with HERMES (GALAH) DR4 spectra. We analysed the spectra of 1979 stars in nine open clusters, using MCMC to fit the spectroscopic abundances of 26 elements, Teff, log (g), vmic, and vbroad. We found that using photometric priors improves the accuracy of abundances and log (g), which enables us to view higher order trends of abundances caused by atomic diffusion in M67 and Ruprecht 147.
A statistical and multiwavelength photometric analysis of a young embedded open star cluster: IC 1590
Authors: Sheikh A H , Medhi Biman J 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTWe present a statistical and multiwavelength photometric studies of young open cluster IC 1590. We identified 91 cluster members using Gaia DR3 astrometry data using ensemble-based unsupervised machine learning techniques. From Gaia EDR3 data, we estimate the best-fitting parameters for IC 1590 using the Automated Stellar Cluster Analysis package (asteca) yielding the distance d ∼ 2.87 ± 0.02 kpc, age ∼ 3.54 ± 0.05 Myr, metallicity z ∼ 0.0212 ± 0.003, binarity value of ∼ 0.558, and extinction Av ∼ 1.252 ± 0.4 mag for an Rv value of ∼ 3.322 ± 0.23. We estimate the initial mass function slope of the cluster to be α = 1.081 ± 0.112 for single stars and α = 1.490 ± 0.051 for a binary fraction of ∼ 0.558 in the mass range 1 M⊙ ≤ m (M⊙) ≤ 100 M⊙. The G-band luminosity function slope is estimated to be ∼ 0.33 ± 0.09. We use (J − H) versus (H − Ks) colour–colour diagram to identify young stellar objects (YSOs). We found that all the identified YSOs have ages ≤ 2 Myr and masses ∼ 0.35 – 5.5 M⊙. We also fit the radial surface density profile. Using the galpy, we performed orbit analysis of the cluster. The extinction map for the cluster region has been generated using the PNICER technique, and it is almost similar to the dust structure obtained from the 500 μm dust continuum emissions map of Herschel SPIRE. We finally at the end discussed the star formation scenario in the cluster region.
Magnetic field alignment in low-mass molecular clouds: the role of turbulence and density of the clouds
Authors: Barman B , Das H S 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
In this work, we report the role of turbulence (measured by the $^{12}\mathrm{ CO}$ linewidth, $\Delta V$) on the offset between the orientation of local magnetic field in the low-density regions of dark clouds ($\theta ^{\mathrm{ env}}_\mathrm{ B}$) and the position angle of the Galactic Plane (GP; $\theta _{\mathrm{ GP}}$) in 15 low-mass isolated molecular clouds. We find a dependency of $\Delta V$ on offset, ($\theta _{\mathrm{ off}} =|\theta ^{\mathrm{ env}}_\mathrm{ B}-\theta _{\mathrm{ GP}}|$), represented by a second-order polynomial equation, $\theta _{\mathrm{ off}}=(3.328 \pm 1.187) {\Delta V}^2 - (0.991 \pm 5.541) {\Delta V} + (4.767 \pm 5.309)$. In regions where the majority of low turbulence is observed, characterized by $\Delta V \ \lt\ 3.1 \ \mathrm{ km\,s}^{-1}$, the envelope magnetic fields closely align with the orientation of the GP ($\theta _{\mathrm{ off}}\ \lt\ 20^\circ$). Conversely, in areas exhibiting high turbulence with $\Delta V \ \gt\ 3.1 \ \mathrm{ km\,s}^{-1}$ (for clouds CB130 and CB188), the envelope magnetic field tends to misalign with the GP ($\theta _{\mathrm{ off}}\ \gt\ 50^\circ$). This suggests that turbulence could be one of the important factors influencing the alignment of the local magnetic field with the GP. We have also explored the potential link between gas density of clouds ($\rho$) and turbulence ($\Delta V$) for the first time, utilizing data from 10 isolated clouds. This analysis suggests a possible correlation, with the observed trend quantified as, $\Delta V \propto \rho ^{-0.19}$.
The Density of Regulatory Information Is a Major Determinant of Evolutionary Constraint on Noncoding DNA in Drosophila
Authors: Sabarís Gonzalo , Ortíz Daniela M , Laiker Ian , Mayansky Ignacio , Naik Sujay , Cavalli Giacomo , Stern David L , Preger-Ben Noon Ella , Frankel Nicolás 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Evolutionary analyses have estimated that ∼60% of nucleotides in intergenic regions of the Drosophila melanogaster genome are functionally relevant, suggesting that regulatory information may be encoded more densely in intergenic regions than has been revealed by most functional dissections of regulatory DNA. Here, we approached this issue through a functional dissection of the regulatory region of the gene shavenbaby (svb). Most of the ∼90 kb of this large regulatory region is highly conserved in the genus Drosophila, though characterized enhancers occupy a small fraction of this region. By analyzing the regulation of svb in different contexts of Drosophila development, we found that the regulatory information that drives svb expression in the abdominal pupal epidermis is organized in a different way than the elements that drive svb expression in the embryonic epidermis. While in the embryonic epidermis svb is activated by compact enhancers separated by large inactive DNA regions, svb expression in the pupal epidermis is driven by regulatory information distributed over broader regions of svb cis-regulatory DNA. In the same vein, we observed that other developmental genes also display a dense distribution of putative regulatory elements in their regulatory regions. Furthermore, we found that a large percentage of conserved noncoding DNA of the Drosophila genome is contained within regions of open chromatin. These results suggest that part of the evolutionary constraint on noncoding DNA of Drosophila is explained by the density of regulatory information, which may be greater than previously appreciated.
Treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica: British Society for Rheumatology guideline scope
Authors: Toyoda Task , Armitstead Zoe , Bhide Sampada , Engamba Serge , Henderson Emma , Jones Claire , MacKeith Pieter , Maddock Janice , Reynolds Gary , Scrafton Nicola , Subesinghe Manil , Subesinghe Sujith , Twohig Helen , Mackie Sarah L , Yates Max 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The last British Society for Rheumatology (BSR) guideline on PMR was published in 2009. The guideline needs to be updated to provide a summary of the current evidence for pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of adults with PMR. This guideline is aimed at healthcare professionals in the UK who directly care for people with PMR, including general practitioners, rheumatologists, nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, pharmacists, psychologists and other health professionals. It will also be relevant to people living with PMR and organisations that support them in the public and third sector, including charities and informal patient support groups. This guideline will be developed using the methods and processes outlined in the BSR Guidelines Protocol. Here we provide a brief summary of the scope of the guideline update in development.
The influence of virginiamycin on digestion and ruminal parameters under feedlot conditions
Authors: Dias Batista Luiz F , Rivera Madeline E , Fonseca Mozart A , Tedeschi Luis O 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This experiment aimed to assess the impact of virginiamycin on in vitro gas production dynamics, rumen kinetics, and nutrient digestibility in beef steers fed a grain-based diet. Nine ruminally cannulated British-crossbred steers (596 ± 49 kg) were assigned to this experiment. Animals were housed in three pens (n = 3/pen) equipped with a Calan gate feed system and water troughs. Pens were enrolled in a 3 × 3 Latin square design containing three periods of 16 d, and a 5-d washout interval between periods. Dietary treatments consisted of virginiamycin (VM) administration at 0 (VM0), 180 (VM180), or 240 mg/d (VM240). During days 15 and 16 of each period, about 600 mL of rumen fluid and urine samples were collected before (0 h), and at 4, 8, 12, and 16 h after the morning feed (0730 hours), rumen inoculum was used to take pH and redox potential measurements immediately after collection using a portable pH and redox meter, and subsamples were taken for volatile fatty acids (VFA) and NH3–N analyses, and urine samples were composited daily and analyzed for creatinine and purine derivatives (PD) content to estimate microbial crude protein flow. During the 4-h post-morning feed rumen collection, rumen inoculum was utilized to perform in vitro gas production measurements. Fecal samples were collected on day 16 of each period to estimate nutrient digestibility using acid detergent insoluble ash as an internal marker. Animals were considered the experimental unit for the statistical analyses, and periods and squares were included as random variables. The total and rate of gas production were similar among treatments (P ≥ 0.17). The second-pool (i.e., fiber) gas production increased linearly as VM inclusion increased (P = 0.01), with VM240 being greater compared to VM180 and VM0 (7.84, 6.94, and 6.89 mL, respectively). Ruminal pH linearly increased as VM increased, with VM240 being greater than VM0 and VM180 intermediate (5.90, 5.82, and 5.86, respectively; P = 0.03). The VFA concentrations did not differ (P ≥ 0.13), but the acetate-to-propionate ratio was the highest in VM240 (P = 0.005). Branched-chain VFA increased (P ≤ 0.03) while lactate concentrations decreased (P = 0.005) linearly with VM. The ruminal NH3–N concentration was the lowest in the VM0 (P = 0.006). The estimated absorbed PD, purine derivative to creatinine index, and microbial N flow increased linearly with VM (P ≤ 0.07). The provision of VM influenced rumen dynamics in a dose-dependent manner.
KCNH6 is essential for insulin secretion by regulating intracellular ER Ca2+ store
Authors: Xiong Feng‐Ran , Lu Jing , Zhu Juan‐Juan , Zhao Ru‐Xuan , Zhang Ying‐Chao , Yang Jin‐Kui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAppropriate Ca2+ concentration in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), modulating cytosolic Ca2+ signal, serves significant roles in physiological function of pancreatic β cells. To maintaining ER homeostasis, Ca2+ movement across the ER membrane is always accompanied by a simultaneous K+ flux in the opposite direction. KCNH6 was proven to modulate insulin secretion by controlling plasma membrane action potential duration and intracellular Ca2+ influx. Meanwhile, the specific function of KCNH6 in pancreatic β‐cells remains unclear. In this study, we found that KCNH6 exhibited mainly ER localization and Kcnh6 β‐cell‐specific knockout (βKO) mice suffered from abnormal glucose tolerance and impaired insulin secretion in adulthood. ER Ca2+ store was overloaded in islets of βKO mice, which contributed to ER stress and ER stress‐induced apoptosis in β cells. Next, we verified that ethanol treatment induced increases in ER Ca2+ store and apoptosis in pancreatic β cells, whereas adenovirus‐mediated KCNH6 overexpression in islets attenuated ethanol‐induced ER stress and apoptosis. In addition, tail‐vein injections of KCNH6 lentivirus rescued KCNH6 expression in βKO mice, restored ER Ca2+ overload and attenuated ER stress in β cells, which further confirms that KCNH6 protects islets from ER stress and apoptosis. These data suggest that KCNH6 on the ER membrane may help to stabilize intracellular ER Ca2+ stores and protect β cells from ER stress and apoptosis. In conclusion, our study reveals the protective potential of KCNH6‐targeting drugs in ER stress‐induced diabetes.
TRAF2 decrease promotes the TGF‐β‐mTORC1 signal in MAFLD‐HCC through enhancing AXIN1‐mediated Smad7 degradation
Authors: Li Zhonglin , Zhao Jinfang , Wu Ya , Fan Siyuan , Yuan Hang , Xia Jing , Hu Lilin , Yang Jingze , Liu Jiazheng , Wu Xuefeng , Lin Rong , Yang Ling 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccording to recent research, metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has emerged as an important underlying etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanism of MAFLD‐HCC is still unclear. Tumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor 2 (TRAF2) is the key molecule to mediate the signal of inflammatory NF‐κB pathway. This study aims to investigate the potential dysregulation of TRAF2 and its biological function in MAFLD‐HCC. Huh7 TRAF2−/− demonstrated increased tumor formation ability compared to huh7 TRAF2+/+ when stimulated with transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β). The decisive role of TGF‐β in the development of MAFLD‐HCC was confirmed through the specific depletion of TGF‐β receptor II gene in the hepatocytes (Tgfbr2ΔHep) of mice. In TRAF2−/− cells treated with TGF‐β, both the glycolysis rate and lipid synthesis were enhanced. We proved the signal of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) could be activated in the presence of TGF‐β, and was enhanced in TRAF2−/− cells. The coimmunoprecipitation (co‐IP) experiments revealed that TRAF2 fortified the Smurf2‐mediated ubiquitination degradation of AXIN1. Hence, TRAF2 depletion resulted in increased Smad7 degradation induced by AXIN1, thus promoting the TGF‐β signal. We also discovered that PLX‐4720 could bind with AXIN1 and restrained the tumor proliferation of TRAF2−/− in mice fed with high‐fat diet (HFD). Our findings indicate that TRAF2 plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of MAFLD‐HCC. The reduction of TRAF2 expression leads to the enhancement of the TGF‐β‐mTORC1 pathway by facilitating AXIN1‐mediated Smad7 degradation.
Comparison of Different Treatments of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fei Qiang , Pan Jiarong , Zhang Feizhou , Lin Yu , Yuan Tianming 
Published: February 2024

Objectives:
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a life-threatening disease. Despite being considered the gold standard treatment scheme, inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is not readily available in settings with limited resources. Therefore, in recent years, research on related drugs is being actively pursued. Herein, we aimed to use random-effects network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and associated mortality of different PPHN therapies.

Data Sources:
We electronically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for data up to January 27, 2023.

Study Selection:
Randomized controlled trials involving neonates with PPHN assessing efficacy and mortality of various treatments.

Data Extraction:
Details of study population, treatments, and outcomes were extracted.

Data Synthesis:
Direct pairwise comparisons and a network meta-analysis was performed under random effects. The ranking probability was further assessed based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). We analyzed 23 randomized clinical trials involving 902 newborns with PPHN. Sixteen different treatment strategies were compared with each other and conventional therapy (CON). A median concentration of 10–20 parts per million (ppm) iNO (MNO) coupled with sildenafil orally administered at a dose of 1–3 mg/kg/dose every 6–8 hours (OSID) demonstrated the best efficacy (MNO + OSID vs. CON: odds ratio [OR] = 27.53, 95% CI, 2.36–321.75; SUCRA = 0.818, ranking first; moderate quality). OSID combined with milrinone administered IV also performed well in terms of efficacy (OSID + milrinone vs. CON: OR = 25.13, 95% CI = 1.67–377.78; SUCRA = 0.811, ranking second; low quality) and mortality reduction (CON vs. OSID + milrinone: OR = 25.13, 95% CI = 1.67–377.78; SUCRA = 0.786, ranking last; low quality).

Conclusions:
MNO + OSID is the most effective PPHN treatment. If iNO is not available, OSID + milrinone is preferred.
Associations between prenatal blood metals and vitamins and cord blood peptide hormone concentrations
Authors: Smith Anna R. , Lin Pi-I D. , Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L. , Switkowski Karen M. , Fleisch Abby F. , Wright Robert O. , Coull Brent , Oken Emily , Hivert Marie-France , Cardenas Andres 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Nonessential metals have endocrine-disrupting properties, interfere with cellular processes, generate reactive oxygen, and deplete antioxidants, while essential metals and vitamins act as antioxidants. The extent to which prenatal metals and vitamins are associated with cord blood hormones involved in maternal and fetal metabolic and growth processes is unknown.

Methods:
We measured six nonessential (arsenic, barium, cadmium, cesium, lead, and mercury) and four essential (magnesium, manganese, selenium, and zinc) metals and trace elements, and two vitamins (B12 and folate) in first-trimester blood from participants in the longitudinal prebirth Project Viva cohort, who were recruited between 1999 and 2002 in eastern Massachusetts. We measured adiponectin, C-peptide, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-2, IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3, insulin, and leptin concentrations in cord blood (~n = 695). We used covariate-adjusted quantile g-computation for mixtures and linear regression for individual exposures to estimate associations with cord blood peptide hormones.

Results:
The essential metal mixture (magnesium, manganese, selenium, and zinc) was associated with higher IGF-1 (β = 3.20 ng/ml per quartile; 95% CI = 0.39, 6.01), IGF-2 (β = 10.93 ng/ml; 95% CI = 0.08, 21.79), and leptin (β = 1.03 ng/ml; 95% CI = 0.25, 1.80). Magnesium was associated with higher leptin (β = 2.90 ng/ml; 95% CI = 0.89, 4.91), while B12 was associated with lower adiponectin, IGF-2, and leptin but higher C-peptide. Other individual nonessential metals were associated with cord blood hormones.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that some prenatal metals and vitamins are associated with cord blood hormones, which may influence growth and development.
Long-Term Results of the Linear Incision Technique With Tissue Reduction Versus Tissue Preservation for Inserting Bone-Anchored Hearing Implants: The Ongoing Optimization in Bone Implant Surgery
Authors: Lindeboom Jantine J. , Labbé Nilou , Strijbos Ruben M. , van den Elsen-Hutten Marjo , van Huffelen Wim , Teunissen Emma M. , Hol Myrthe K.S. , Bom Steven J.H. 
Published: February 2024

Objective
To compare the long-term outcomes of the linear incision technique with tissue reduction (LIT-TR) and the linear incision technique with tissue preservation (LIT-TP) for inserting bone-anchored hearing implants (BAHIs).

Study design
Single-center retrospective cohort study.

Setting
Large general teaching hospital.

Patients
A total of 231 adult patients were included between August 2005 and October 2020, with a minimum follow-up time of 6 months.

Intervention
The test group received a BAHI using the LIT-TP (N = 147). The control group underwent surgery using the LIT-TR (N = 84).

Main outcome measures
Soft tissue reactions, skin thickening, postoperative complications (e.g., wound dehiscence), and implant loss were compared between the test and control group. Furthermore, Cochlear Bone Anchored Solutions AB (Mölnlycke, Sweden) and Oticon Medical AB (Askim, Sweden) implants/abutments within the LIT-TP cohort were compared. Validated questionnaires were used to quantify patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Results
Significantly more cases with wound dehiscence and adverse soft tissue reactions (Holgers ≥2) were observed in the LIT-TR cohort (p < 0.001). However, the LIT-TP cohort showed significantly more cases with skin thickening (requiring treatment) within the first 2 years after implantation. There were no differences in implant loss rates, overall soft tissue reactions (Holgers >1), and overall HRQoL between the two patient groups. Significant improvement in the patients' HRQoL after implementation of a BAHI was found in both techniques. The Ponto Wide implant/abutment showed less frequent skin thickening (requiring treatment) and fewer soft tissue reactions compared with the BIA400 implant/abutment.

Conclusion
This large-scale study demonstrates that the LIT-TP shows excellent long-term outcomes, including a low incidence of implant failure.
Cochlear Otosclerosis and Secondary Hydrops (Ménière’s Syndrome)
Authors: Rajan Dilshan , Cureoglu Sebahattin , da Costa Monsanto Rafael 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article discusses a case of cochlear otosclerosis leading to secondary hydrops and near-complete hearing loss. Histopathological examination revealed advanced multifocal otosclerosis in both temporal bones, with specific focus on cochlear invasion and significant bone resorption. The severity of the case ruled out surgical intervention due to the risk of further hearing loss. The article emphasizes the challenges in managing otosclerosis-related hydrops and highlights the potential use of advanced imaging techniques for diagnosis. The study underscores the complexity of otosclerosis-induced hearing loss, contributing to the understanding of this pathology and its impact on auditory function.