bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Greater Sciatic Notch With 2‐D Shape Analysis for Sex Estimation
Authors: Rennie Samuel R. , Tamminen Heather M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA correct biological profile leads to a better understanding of the past and assists in the identification of human remains within bioarchaeology and forensic casework. Sex estimation forms a critical component of a biological profile. With the advancement of technologies such as geometric morphometrics (GMM), new methods and a deeper understanding of morphological features can be investigated digitally. However, how well do these methods compare to standard visual methods and how easy are they to employ? This research investigates the use of 2‐D shape analysis and visual morphological methods for sex estimation using the greater sciatic notch (GSN). A total of 202 adult os coxae were photographed and analyzed from the Spitalfields Coffin Plate Collection housed at the Natural History Museum, UK. Each os coxae was analyzed digitally to extract a “line” for elliptical fourier analysis (EFA) and subsequent discriminant function analysis (DFA). Os coxae were also scored using two well established morphological methods for the GSN. This study found an overall accuracy of 82.81% when using the computational method (EFA and DFA). Lower accuracies were found for the visual methods with the Bruzek method correctly classifying 82.17% and the Walker method resulting in a much lower accuracy at 72.77%. The finding of this study showcases the benefits of using more computational methods such as shape analysis/GMM. However, it has a nearly identical overall error rate to the Bruzek method and higher accuracy than the Walker method and therefore is a suitable and accurate method for sex estimation. As these practices are evolving, practitioners will have to balance the cost/benefit (e.g., time, training, and accuracy) of using the different techniques while continuing to refine and combine approaches for optimal results in biological profiling.
Anterior–Posterior Abdominal Diameter and Waist Circumference Have Comparable Predictive Ability for Visceral Fat Area
Authors: Shikuma Jumpei , Nagai Yoshiyuki , Otaki Mihono , Shimizu Norihiro , Wada Yuki , Sasaki‐Shima Junko , Suwanai Hirotsugu , Ito Rokuro , Miwa Takashi , Suzuki Ryo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveWaist circumference measurement is commonly used as a method for predicting the visceral fat area. However, waist circumference is difficult to measure, and there is a large margin of error between measurements. Visceral fat is adipose tissue that accumulates in the abdominal cavity, and when it accumulates in excess, abdominal computed tomography reveals a prominent protrusion of the anterior–posterior diameter of the abdomen in a coronal section at the umbilicus level. Individuals with obesity often show forward abdominal protrusions. This study aimed to verify whether the anterior–posterior abdominal diameter can be used as a proxy for waist circumference to predict the visceral fat area.MethodsA total of 231 patients with diabetes who were admitted to Tokyo Medical University Hospital and whose visceral fat area was measured using computed tomography were enrolled. Whether the waist circumference and anterior–posterior abdominal diameter were correlated with the visceral fat area was determined, and their ability to predict the visceral fat area was compared.ResultsThe visceral fat area was significantly correlated with both waist circumference (r = 0.759, p < 0.001) and anterior–posterior abdominal diameter (r = 0.774, p < 0.001), and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves used to predict the visceral fat area were 0.923 (95% confidence interval: 0.878–0.967) and 0.939 (95% confidence interval: 0.905–0.974), respectively.ConclusionsThe anterior–posterior abdominal diameter can be used as an alternative to waist circumference for predicting the visceral fat area. This simple measurement method may serve as a very useful method in clinical practice by eliminating the variability of waist circumference measurements.
Assessing spatial sequencing and imaging approaches to capture the molecular and pathological heterogeneity of archived cancer tissues
Authors: Vo Tuan , Prakrithi P , Jones Kahli , Yoon Sohye , Lam Pui Yeng , Kao Yung‐Ching , Ma Ning , Tan Samuel X , Jin Xinnan , Zhou Chenhao , Crawford Joanna , Walters Shaun , Gupta Ishaan , Soyer Peter H , Khosrotehrani Kiarash , Stark Mitchell S , Nguyen Quan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSpatial transcriptomics (ST) offers enormous potential to decipher the biological and pathological heterogeneity in precious archival cancer tissues. Traditionally, these tissues have rarely been used and only examined at a low throughput, most commonly by histopathological staining. ST adds thousands of times as many molecular features to histopathological images, but critical technical issues and limitations require more assessment of how ST performs on fixed archival tissues. In this work, we addressed this in a cancer‐heterogeneity pipeline, starting with an exploration of the whole transcriptome by two sequencing‐based ST protocols capable of measuring coding and non‐coding RNAs. We optimised the two protocols to work with challenging formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues, derived from skin. We then assessed alternative imaging methods, including multiplex RNAScope single‐molecule imaging and multiplex protein imaging (CODEX). We evaluated the methods’ performance for tissues stored from 4 to 14 years ago, covering a range of RNA qualities, allowing us to assess variation. In addition to technical performance metrics, we determined the ability of these methods to quantify tumour heterogeneity. We integrated gene expression profiles with pathological information, charting a new molecular landscape on the pathologically defined tissue regions. Together, this work provides important and comprehensive experimental technical perspectives to consider the applications of ST in deciphering the cancer heterogeneity in archived tissues. © 2025 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
C1GALT1 expression predicts poor survival in osteosarcoma and is crucial for ABCC1 transporter‐mediated doxorubicin resistance
Authors: Liu Chun‐Wei , Huang Jing‐Hui , Chang Hsiu‐Hao , Chen Chia‐Hua , Tsai Yi‐Huan , Chen Wei‐Li , Lin Jung‐An , Chang Hsiu‐Ling , Chen Cheng‐Chang , Lin Mei‐Chun , Huang Min‐Chuan , Lin Neng‐Yu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOsteosarcoma is an aggressive bone malignancy with a high propensity for drug resistance and metastasis, leading to poor clinical outcomes. This study investigates the role of core 1 β1,3‐galactosyltransferase 1 (C1GALT1) in osteosarcoma, focusing on its implications in chemoresistance. Our findings reveal that high expression of C1GALT1 is associated with advanced stages, adverse overall survival, and increased recurrence rates. Elevated levels of C1GALT1 were observed in doxorubicin‐selected osteosarcoma cells, where its suppression significantly promoted doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis and reduced drug efflux. Pharmacological inhibition of C1GALT1 using itraconazole replicated these effects, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome chemoresistance. Additionally, we identified the involvement of the ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCC1 in the drug‐resistance phenotype mediated by C1GALT1. C1GALT1‐mediated O‐glycan changes were found to influence the cell‐surface targeting and lysosomal degradation of ABCC1, thereby modulating its efflux capacity. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that C1GALT1 impacts ABCC1 expression and function, further supporting its role in osteosarcoma chemoresistance. These results highlight the clinical relevance of C1GALT1 as a biomarker for prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. © 2025 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Synergistic effect of tannic acid/stearic acid/calcium carbonate/recycled polypropylene polymer composites and molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Yu Chuanheng , Ye Liangdong , Li Dacheng , Liu Hongbo , Wei Qiaoyan , Huang Yanyou , Wu Zengju , Zhang Liling , Li Ziwei , Lu Shaorong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDeveloping high‐toughness recycled polypropylene (REPP) composites using non‐polluting and cost‐effective methods remains a major challenge. In this study, we propose a novel modification scheme using tannic acid (TA)/stearic acid (SA) synergistically modified CC as a filler to prepare composites by blending with REPP. Characterizations, such as mechanical tests and thermodynamic tests, verified that the CC‐TA‐SA modified composites presented higher tensile and impact strengths as well as crystallinity. The tensile strength of the composites was increased from 27.44 to 30.53 MPa and similarly the impact strength was increased from 10.63 to 24.81 MPa. The thermal stability and melt fluidity of the modified composites also improved. This phenomenon is further investigated through the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This research expands the promise of REPP composites for industrial applications with stringent toughness requirements.Highlights
Tannic/stearic acids modulate the surface properties of calcium carbonate.
Polymer composite reinforced with synergistically modified calcium carbonate.
Molecular dynamics simulations to predict composite properties.
Mothers' and Fathers' Experiences of Family Relations and Parenting During the First Year of Parenthood
Authors: Bokhan Tatiana G. , Leshchinskaia Svetlana B. , Terekhina Olga V. , Shabalovskaya Marina V. , Silaeva Anna V. , Malykh Sergey B. , Kovas Yulia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe first year of parenthood is considered to be a challenging period, associated with the transformation of family relations. The links between family relations and parenting are widely studied. However, in most research only a limited number of indicators is investigated, and there is a lack of data on the agreement between mothers' and fathers' evaluations of family relations. The aims of the present study were to explore (1) the structure and measurement invariance of marital relations and parenting constructs for mothers and fathers; (2) the associations among the measures of marital relations and parenting in mothers and fathers; (3) the agreement between mothers and fathers in their perception of marital relations, as well as cross‐parent cross‐measure associations of marital relations and self‐rated parenting; (4) average differences between the parents in their perception of marital relations and parenting. The data from 352 Russian‐speaking married couples participating in the Wave 3 of the Prospective Longitudinal Interdisciplinary Study (PLIS) were collected when the children were 9 months old. Seven measures of family relations (marital relations, grandparents' support) and nine measures of parenting were obtained. The statistical analyses included the exploratory factor analysis, assessment of measurement invariance, comparative and correlational analysis. The result showed that measures were organised into coherent factor‐based groupings: (1) marital relations, (2) support from grandparents, (3) childcare and affection, and (4) harsh parental discipline. Six of 12 measures showed partial scalar invariance between mothers and fathers. Moderate within‐measure correlations were observed between mothers' and fathers' assessments of family relations; and weak correlations—for parenting. Mother‐father cross‐measure correlations were moderate for family relations, but negligible for parenting. Small to moderate average differences between mothers and fathers were found for all measures. The results highlight the need to consider similarities and differences between mothers' and fathers' experiences in future research and practice.
Dynamic Solar Panel Orientation for Maximizing Efficiency Based on Trajectory of the Sun
Authors: Bamshad Ali , Kakavand Maziar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe rapid expansion of photovoltaic technology is driven by a critical need for electricity and a growing emphasis on sustainable energy solutions. However, the primary challenge is that the efficiency of solar panels remains insufficient, making them less competitive compared to other energy sources in the long term. This inefficiency not only limits the overall power output but also discourages private investors due to slight benefit and low rate of return of investment. Consequently, many potential projects are stalled, as investors are hesitant to commit resources to technologies that do not promise adequate profitability. Additionally, low efficiency wastes the installation space, and the variability in solar energy generation further complicates the economic viability of solar investments. To tackle this issue, the objective of this research is to develop an innovative active‐dynamic strategy aimed at enhancing the operational efficiency of solar panels through advanced Sun‐tracking mechanisms. By integrating an ARM controller with a TSL2550 sensor module, our system orchestrates precise servomotor adjustments to optimize solar panel alignment based on the Sun's trajectory in both vertical and horizontal planes. Furthermore, employing state‐of‐the‐art Micro‐Python coding techniques significantly boosts power generation. Empirical data from practical deployments demonstrate a minimum fourfold increase in the overall efficiency of the solar energy system following the implementation of this strategy.
Optimizing orthobiologic therapies with exercise, diet, and supplements
Authors: Montagnino Jami , Kaufman Matthew W. , Shetty Maya , Centeno Christopher , Fredericson Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrthobiologic injections including platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and cell‐based injections are becoming increasingly popular. Evidence suggests that these therapies can be effective in certain situations. The efficacy of these injections may be more dependent on the quality of the injectate, which given their autologous nature, may be dependent on lifestyle choices like exercise, diet, and supplements. The literature describing PRP injections shows that the number and activity of platelets can improve their efficacy. A multitude of lifestyle modifications can affect those factors. Exercise intensity appears to increase platelet count and increases adhesion as well as release of growth factors. Low inflammatory diets increase platelet counts and activity overall. Stress, some supplements, high cholesterol, or processed sugar diets can increase inflammation and potentially decrease platelet counts as well as quality of PRP injectate. Similarly, cell‐based therapies can be affected by mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) number and quality. Cell‐based therapy is based upon limiting cellular senescence and increasing replication and differentiation. Exercise may limit senescence and improve replication and differentiation of these cell‐based therapies, especially in older adult populations. There are a multitude of supplements that may potentiate these types of injections and patients should discuss the potential benefits and concerns when starting a supplement regimen. Certain foods as well as changes in oxygenation may limit cellular senescence and lower calorie intake may affect MSC viability and function as well. Overall, the current state of literature describes biologic plausibility of how exercise, diet and supplements might affect orthobiologic injection efficacy. Further translational research needs to be completed to describe the effect size and improve recommendations for clinical implementation.
Studying the Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of Co2CrGa1 − xAlx Full Heusler Alloys Through Density Functional Theory and Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Almahmoud Ali , Almahmoud Amer , Obeidat Abdalla , Gharaibeh Maen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMonte Carlo (MC) simulation and density functional theory (DFT) were employed to investigate the structural, mechanical, thermomagnetic, and electronic properties of the Co2CrGa1−xAlx (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0) full Heusler alloys. Both the pristine and doped configurations demonstrate the L21 prototype, and there is an observable decrease in the lattice parameter as the Al concentration rises. Electronic analysis was performed in Wien2k using the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof of generalized gradient approximation (GGA‐PBE), the modified Becke–Johnson GGA (mBJ‐GGA), and the PBEsol functional, which revealed a band gap in the spin‐down states of both structures by studying the band structure and density of states. The phonon dispersion relation was studied to ensure the stability of the alloy. The magnetic moments in pristine configurations closely resemble those in doped structures, with minimal changes in exchange interaction parameters. The obtained Curie temperature, determined through the MC method, falls within the range of 321–500 K. Finally, studying the magnetic properties of the Heusler alloys can contribute to advancements in spintronics and other magnetic applications.
Testing One Primary and Two Secondary Endpoints in a Two‐Stage Group Sequential Trial With Extensions
Authors: Tamhane Ajit C. , Xi Dong , Mehta Cyrus R. , Romanenko Alexander , Gou Jiangtao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe study the problem of testing multiple secondary endpoints conditional on a primary endpoint being significant in a two‐stage group sequential procedure, focusing on two secondary endpoints. This extends our previous work with one secondary endpoint. The test for the secondary null hypotheses is a closed procedure. Application of the Bonferroni test for testing the intersection of the secondary hypotheses results in the Holm procedure while application of the Simes test results in the Hochberg procedure. The focus of the present paper is on developing normal theory analogs of the abovementioned ‐value based tests that take into account (i) the gatekeeping effect of the test on the primary endpoint and (ii) correlations between the endpoints. The normal theory boundaries are determined by finding the least favorable configuration of the correlations and so their knowledge is not needed to apply these procedures. The ‐value based procedures are easy to apply but they are less powerful than their normal theory analogs because they do not take into account the correlations between the endpoints and the gatekeeping effect referred to above. On the other hand, the normal theory procedures are restricted to two secondary endpoints and two stages mainly because of computational difficulties with more than two secondary endpoints and stages. Comparisons between the two types of procedures are given in terms of secondary powers. The sensitivity of the secondary type I error rate and power to unequal information times is studied. Numerical examples and a real case study illustrate the procedures.
Hydrogel Strain Sensors for Integrating Into Dynamic Organ‐on‐a‐Chip
Authors: She Wenqi , Shen Chong , Xue Zaifei , Zhang Bin , Zhang Guoliang , Meng Qin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCurrent hydrogel strain sensors have never been integrated into dynamic organ‐on‐a‐chip (OOC) due to the lack of sensitivity in aqueous cell culture systems. To enhance sensing performance, a novel strain sensor is presented in which the MXene layer is coated on the bottom surface of a pre‐stretched anti‐swelling hydrogel substrate of di‐acrylated Pluronic F127 (F127‐DA) and chitosan (CS) for isolation from the cell culture on the top surface. The fabricated strain sensors display high sensitivity (gauge factor of 290.96), a wide sensing range (0–100%), and high repeatability. To demonstrate its application, alveolar epithelial cells are cultivated on the top surface of the hydrogel strain sensor forming alveolar barriers, and then integrated into dynamic lung‐on‐a‐chip (LOC) systems. This system can sensitively monitor normal physiological breathing, pathological inflammation stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and alleviated inflammation through drug intervention.
Bio‐Inspired Highly Stretchable and Ultrafast Autonomous Self‐Healing Supramolecular Hydrogel for Multifunctional Durable Self‐Powered Wearable Devices
Authors: Fu Yuntao , Dang Xugang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs skin bioelectronics advances, hydrogel wearable devices have broadened perspectives in environment sensing and health monitoring. However, their application is severely hampered by poor mechanical and self‐healing properties, environmental sensitivity, and limited sensory functions. Herein, inspired by the hierarchical structure and unique cross‐linking mechanism of hagfish slime, a self‐powered supramolecular hydrogel is hereby reported, featuring high stretchability (>2800% strain), ultrafast autonomous self‐healing capabilities (electrical healing time: 0.3 s), high self‐adhesiveness (adhesion strength: 6.92 kPa), injectability, ease of shaping, antimicrobial properties, and biocompatibility. It is observed that by embedding with the highly hygroscopic salt LiCl in supramolecular hydrogel, the hydrogel not only showed excellent electrical conductivity but also presented favorable anti‐freezing and water retention properties in extremely cold environments and natural settings. Given these attributes, the hydrogel served as a multifunctional durable self‐powered wearable device with high sensitivity (gauge factor: 3.68), fast response time (160 ms), low detection limit, and frequency sensitivity. Moreover, the multifunctional applicability of this supramolecular hydrogel is further demonstrated in long‐term cold environments sensing, remote medical communication, and underwater communication. Overall, these findings pave the way for the sustainable development of hydrogel‐based wearable devices that are self‐powered, durable, and offer high performance, environmental adaptability, and multi‐sensory capabilities.
Die Gestaltung der neuen Fuß‐ und Radwegebrücken in Gütersloh
Authors: Speth Martin , Vogelsang Wiebke 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDie neuen Brücken an der Dalkepromenade in Gütersloh wurden in einem interdisziplinären Planungsprozess im Zusammenschluss von Tragwerksplanern und Landschaftsarchitekten entwickelt. Die Brücken überqueren die Dalke zweimal und verbinden den Grünzug über eine Bundesstraße hinweg. Die filigranen Stahlkonstruktionen vereinen Aspekte der landschaftsplanerischen und der tragwerksplanerischen Gestaltung und fügen sich dezent in den Grünraum ein. Tragwerk und Geländer bilden eine konstruktive Einheit und wirken zusammen mit der Gehwegplatte als Trogquerschnitt. Die Konstruktion aus wetterfestem Stahl deutet die bogen‐ und seilförmigen Tragstrukturen signifikant in den Geländerbrüstungen an. Das Erscheinungsbild der Brücken wird durch die Art der Konstruktion, die in einer für den Stahlbau typischen Technik gefertigt wurde, maßgebend geprägt.