bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaborative fisheries research reveals reserve size and age determine efficacy across a network of marine protected areas
Authors: Ziegler Shelby L. , Brooks Rachel O. , Bellquist Lyall F. , Caselle Jennifer E. , Morgan Steven G. , Mulligan Timothy J. , Ruttenberg Benjamin I. , Semmens Brice X. , Starr Richard M. , Tyburczy Joe , Wendt Dean E. , Buchheister Andre , Jarrin Jose R. Marin , Pasparakis Christina , Jorgensen Salvador J. , Chiu Jennifer A. , Colby Jordan , Coscino Connor L. , Davis Leon , Castro Francine de , Elstner Jack T. , Honeyman Christopher , Jarvis Mason Erica T. , Johnston Erin M. , Small Sadie L. , Staton Jay , Waltz Grant T. , Basnett Bonnie , Satterthwaite Erin V. , Killeen Helen , Dibble Connor D. , Hamilton Scott L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA variety of criteria may influence the efficacy of networks of marine protected areas (MPA) designed to enhance biodiversity conservation and provide fisheries benefits. Meta‐analyses have evaluated the influence of MPA attributes on abundance, biomass, and size structure of harvested species, reporting that MPA size, age, depth, and connectivity influence the strength of MPA responses. However, few empirical MPA evaluation studies have used consistent sampling methodology across multiple MPAs and years. Our collaborative fisheries research program systematically sampled 12 no‐take or highly protective limited‐take MPAs and paired fished reference areas across a network spanning 1100 km of coastline to evaluate the factors driving MPA efficacy across a large geographic region. We found that increased size and age consistently contributed to increased fish catch, biomass, and positive species responses inside MPAs, while accounting for factors such as latitude, primary productivity, and distance to the nearest MPA. Our study provides a model framework to collaboratively engage diverse stakeholders in fisheries research and provide high‐quality data to assess the success of conservation strategies.
Becoming a Better ME: Chinese science museum educators' expectations for professional growth
Authors: Ji Jiao , Anderson David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMuseum educators' (MEs) visions and desires for career development represent an idealized and aspirational identity of being better museum educational professionals. As part of a larger project that explored museum educators' self‐concept as education professionals in China, this preliminary study explored 23 Chinese science museum educators' thoughts and ideas about their imagined professional identity in terms of describing personal desires for professional development pathways. Informed by a Possible Selves theoretical perspective, museum educators in this study elucidated five hoped‐for professional development approaches, including cross‐departmental communication, external communication, formal training in an engaging approach, peer support, and self‐regulated learning. Their expectations for professional growth, to a large extent, were derived from personal reflection and social comparison on the basis of their past work experiences in museum institutions. Therefore, their imagination about future professional development was deeply influenced by the complicated sociocultural and political contexts in which they lived and worked. As the professionalization of science museum educator work in China is at a relatively early stage of emergence, this study provides insights that may help scaffold and direct professionalization efforts of museum education practices in China, and other countries and regions with similar contextual situations.
Projected climate and canopy change lead to thermophilization and homogenization of forest floor vegetation in a hotspot of plant species richness
Authors: Braziunas Kristin H. , Geres Lisa , Richter Tobias , Glasmann Felix , Senf Cornelius , Thom Dominik , Seibold Sebastian , Seidl Rupert 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMountain forests are plant diversity hotspots, but changing climate and increasing forest disturbances will likely lead to far‐reaching plant community change. Projecting future change, however, is challenging for forest understory plants, which respond to forest structure and composition as well as climate. Here, we jointly assessed the effects of both climate and forest change, including wind and bark beetle disturbances, using the process‐based simulation model iLand in a protected landscape in the northern Alps (Berchtesgaden National Park, Germany), asking: (1) How do understory plant communities respond to 21st‐century change in a topographically complex mountain landscape, representing a hotspot of plant species richness? (2) How important are climatic changes (i.e., direct climate effects) versus forest structure and composition changes (i.e., indirect climate effects and recovery from past land use) in driving understory responses at landscape scales? Stacked individual species distribution models fit with climate, forest, and soil predictors (248 species currently present in the landscape, derived from 150 field plots stratified by elevation and forest development, overall area under the receiving operator characteristic curve = 0.86) were driven with projected climate (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) and modeled forest variables to predict plant community change. Nearly all species persisted in the landscape in 2050, but on average 8% of the species pool was lost by the end of the century. By 2100, landscape mean species richness and understory cover declined (−13% and −8%, respectively), warm‐adapted species increasingly dominated plant communities (i.e., thermophilization, +12%), and plot‐level turnover was high (62%). Subalpine forests experienced the greatest richness declines (−16%), most thermophilization (+17%), and highest turnover (67%), resulting in plant community homogenization across elevation zones. Climate rather than forest change was the dominant driver of understory responses. The magnitude of unabated 21st‐century change is likely to erode plant diversity in a species richness hotspot, calling for stronger conservation and climate mitigation efforts.
Assessing infection prevention and control programs in residential aged care in Australia: A multi‐methods cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tropea Joanne , Francis Jill J , Bennett Noleen , Lim Lyn‐li , Fetherstonhaugh Deirdre , Buising Kirsty L , Marshall Caroline , Flynn Madelaine , Lim Wen K , Peters Sanne 
Published: January 2024

AimTo assess infection prevention and control programs in residential aged care facilities.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey and structured interviews from 10 residential aged care facilities in Victoria, Australia, were used. Infection prevention and control nurse leads from each facility completed a purpose‐built survey based on best practice infection prevention control program core components, including staff training, policies and procedures, governance, and surveillance. Follow‐up interviews with residential aged care staff, residents and family visitors were carried out to elaborate and verify survey data.ResultsSurveys from all 10 facilities were received and 75 interviews carried out. All facilities had an infection prevention and control lead nurse who had undergone additional training, and 60% of facilities had an infection prevention and control lead position description. All facilities had a committee to oversee their infection prevention and control program, and all had policies and procedures for standard and transmission‐based precautions. One facility did not have a policy on healthcare‐associated infection surveillance, and two facilities did not have an antimicrobial stewardship policy. All facilities provided staff training in hand hygiene and personal protective equipment use, but not all routinely assessed competency in these.ConclusionsThe residential aged care facilities' infection prevention and control programs were generally in a strong position, although there were some areas that require improvement. Further assessment of the quality of infection prevention and control program components, such as content of education and training, and policies and procedures, and ongoing evaluation of programs is recommended. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 358–363.
Impact of physical activity on disability‐free and disabled life expectancies in middle‐aged and older adults: Data from the healthy aging longitudinal study in Taiwan
Authors: Chuang Shu‐Chun , Chang Yu‐Hung , Wu I‐Chien , Fang Yao‐Hwei , Chan Huei‐Ting , Wu Ray‐Chin , Lee Marion M. , Chiu Chi‐Tsun , Chang Hsing‐Yi , Hsiung Chao Agnes , Hsu Chih‐Cheng 
Published: January 2024

AimLeisure‐time physical activity (LTPA) promotes healthy aging; however, data on work‐related physical activity (WPA) are inconsistent. This study was conducted to examine the disability‐free life expectancy (DFLE) and disabled life expectancy (DLE) across physical activity levels, with a focus on WPA, in middle‐aged and older adults.MethodsData from 5663 community‐dwelling participants aged ≥55 years and enrolled in the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan were evaluated. Energy expenditures from LTPA and WPA were calculated from baseline questionnaires and categorized into sex‐specific cutoffs. Disability was based on repeat measures of participants' activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. Mortality was confirmed via data linkage with the Death Certificate database. DFLE and DLE were estimated from discrete‐time multistate life‐table models.ResultsAt age 65, women with low WPA had a DLE of 2.88 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.67–4.08), which was shorter than that of women without WPA (DLE, 5.24 years; 95% CI, 4.65–5.83) and with high WPA (DLE, 4.01 years; 95% CI, 2.69–5.34). DFLE and DLE were similar across WPA levels in men. DFLE tended to increase as the LTPA increased in men and women.ConclusionWomen with low WPA had shorter DLE than did those with no or high WPA. To reduce the risks of disability associated with physical activity, public policy should advocate for older people to watch the type, amount, and intensity of their activities as these may go ignored during WPA. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 229–239.
Coal gangue‐based ceramics foams by water spray granulation and post particle stacking method
Authors: Dai Lufei , Zhang Jinghao , Meng Fanhui , Yao Longfan , Wang Yangyang , Li Zhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFoamed ceramics were prepared by the water spray granulation and post particle stacking method using coal gangue as the main raw material. The effects of raw material weight ratio (i.e., raw material composition by varying the content of dolomite and talc), calcination temperature, time, and heating rate on the pore structure and properties of the samples were investigated and the foaming mechanism of foamed ceramics was revealed. The crystalline phase of foamed ceramics mainly consisted of quartz, anorthite, and enstatite. The decrease of dolomite content and the increase of talc content in the raw materials led to the initial decrease and then increase of the pore size dispersion coefficient, while the apparent porosity and water absorption of the samples gradually decreased, and the apparent density increased. The sample with a composition of gangue:waste glass:dolomite:albite:talc of 65:5:10:10:10 and calcined at 1200°C for 10 min with a heating rate of 1°C/min has the optimized uniform pore structure. This study provides a high value‐added utilization of coal gangue, and the experimental basis for the preparation of low‐cost foamed ceramics.
Structural and tunable optical properties of LiMgPO4:Tb3+ phosphor fabricated by sol–gel method
Authors: Katı Mehmet İsmail 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the study, Tb3+‐doped LiMgPO4 phosphors between .10 and 5 mol% were successfully synthesized by the sol–gel process. The crystal structure of Tb3+‐doped LiMgPO4 was identified by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The XRD results for LiMgPO4 ceramics doped with Tb3+ indicated a single‐phase up to 5 mol%, accompanied by lattice shrinkage. An SEM analysis of LiMgPO4 samples showed that increasing Tb3+ concentration reduced grain size but did not cause any significant change in slightly angular and round grains. The emission intensity of phosphor increased from .10 to 5 mol%, and no concentration quenching was observed. The luminescence color of LiMgPO4:Tb3+ phosphor can be tuned from blue to green through cross‐relaxation with the increase in Tb3+ concentration. The photoluminescence emissions of LiMgPO4:Tb3+ on the CIE diagram shifted from blue to green as the Tb3+ concentration increased. The color purity of the 5 mol% Tb3+‐doped phosphor showing the strongest emission was measured at 22.71%, whereas the color‐correlated temperature parameter was found to be 5573 K. The phosphors exhibited bi‐exponential decay profiles, and the observed lifetimes of 5D3 decreased with the increase of Tb3+, where the cross‐relaxation effect increased. The quantum efficiency (ɳQE) of the phosphor was determined using the cross‐relaxation process. For Tb3+ concentrations ranging from .1 to 5 mol%, the ɳQE of the 5D3 state decreased from 62.49% to 28.29%. The research may offer a new perspective and new approaches for tuning luminescence in Tb3+‐doped phosphors.
Strategic contexts, strategic orientations and organisational technology adoption: A configurational approach
Authors: Sun Yongqiang , Tan Chee‐Wee , Lim Kai H. , Liang Ting‐Peng , Yeh Yi‐Hsuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDespite the broad application of the technology–organisation–environment (TOE) framework to explain firms' adoption of technology, prior research tends to over‐emphasise the independent effects of TOE elements while neglecting decision makers' strategic orientations when making organisational technology adoption decisions. This over‐simplistic interpretation of the TOE framework has culminated in inconsistent findings within extant literature. Considering the interdependencies among the three TOE elements in shaping organisational technology adoption and also decision‐makers' inclination to weigh the three TOE elements differently based on their strategic orientations, this study views organisational technology adoption from a systems standpoint based on a configurational approach. Particularly, we differentiate between two types of strategic orientations, namely functional orientation, which accentuates the technology‐induced efficiency gains and symbolic orientation, which stresses the image or reputation afforded through technology adoption. We advance a configurational model for organisational technology adoption that: (1) conceptualises organisational technology adoption as an outcome arising from distinct configurations of TOE elements, and; (2) extends the TOE framework by incorporating strategic orientation as an inevitable aspect of decision‐making for organisational technology adoption. To validate our proposed model, we conducted a field survey of 183 firms to collect data on their considerations underpinning organisational technology adoption before employing fuzzy‐set Qualitative Comparative Analysis to derive configurations of TOE elements responsible for driving such adoption. Analytical results reveal that the TOE configurations vary across three types of organisations (namely performance enhancer, image builder and strategic transformer). The theoretical and practical implications of our study are also discussed.
Direct additive manufacturing of Al2O3–TiCp functionally graded ceramics by laser‐directed energy deposition
Authors: Yu Xuexin , Wu Dongjiang , Bi Weiming , Feng Xiao , Zhao Ziyuan , Hao Yunbo , Ma Guangyi , Zhou Cong , Niu Fangyong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFunctionally graded ceramics (FGCs), which combine the properties of various composite ceramics, have been widely used in the aerospace, armament, and other industries. One of the newest melt‐growth ceramic additive manufacturing techniques, laser directed energy deposition (LDED), enables the creation of gradient materials by controlling the ratio of powder delivery. Ceramic–ceramic type gradient materials are the subject of fewer studies, and the majority of LDED gradient material systems now in research are metal–metal type and metal–ceramic type gradient materials. In this paper, LDED is used to create TiCp reinforced Al2O3 FGCs with three different transition paths. The results indicate that the longitudinal section of the gradient samples distinctly exhibits characteristics of gradient distribution. Furthermore, as the proportion of TiCp increases, there is a corresponding increase in the proportion of TiCp particles in the samples. The microstructure of Al2O3 transforms from columnar crystals to irregular shapes. Regarding the mechanical properties of the gradient samples, the area containing 30 wt.% of TiCp shows a significant improvement in wear resistance, with a 48.13% increase compared to the Al2O3 region. Additionally, this region demonstrates a 12.62% rise in hardness and a 9.48% increase in fracture toughness.
Functionalisms and the Philosophy of Action
Authors: Vargas Manuel 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTFocusing on the recent work of Michael Bratman as emblematic of several important developments in the philosophy of action, I raise four questions that engage with a set of interlocking concerns about systemic functionalism in the philosophy of action. These questions are: (i) Are individual and institutional intentions the same kind of thing? (ii) Can the risk of proliferation of systemic functional explanations be managed? (iii) Is there an appealing basis for the apparent methodological individualism in our theories of action and agency? and (iv) Why not, instead, pursue a methodologically anti‐individualist and ecological approach to action and agency? The latter alternative, I suggest, offers a promising way to retain many of the core insights of the Bratmanian project while avoiding the difficulties inherent to some of the methodological presumptions of some strands of contemporary philosophy of action.
Alpine travellers in the Carpathians: The story of two rock‐dwelling snails told by genes and fossils
Authors: Horsáková Veronika , Divíšek Jan , Líznarová Eva , Kubíková Kateřina , Juřičková Lucie , Horsák Michal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimVarious species distributed in the Alps have their disjunct occurrences in the Carpathians. Fossil evidence for some woodland snails of Alpine distribution suggests that they colonized the Carpathians during the Holocene forest optimum or later. Here, we focus on disjunct Carpathian populations of the rock‐dwelling alpine snail Pyramidula saxatilis. As it occupies very stable habitats, that is, high‐elevation limestone rocks, one can assume its potential survival in Carpathian refugia over the glacial period(s). For comparison, the more widespread and warm‐climate P. pusilla is analysed.LocationEurope.TaxonPyramidula saxatilis and P. pusilla.MethodsWe analysed the genetic diversity of P. saxatilis and P. pusilla populations across their entire ranges using mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA markers. Seven fossil mollusc successions from the area where P. saxatilis occurs in the Carpathians were analysed and dated using the radiocarbon method. Habitat suitability models of both species were calculated for selected time periods since the Last Glacial Maximum.ResultsAll Carpathian P. saxatilis populations were genetically homogeneous and similar to those from the Eastern Alps. In P. pusilla, we found a genetically distinct lineage in the southern Western Carpathians. Both species were found in three fossil profiles since the Middle Holocene, and in one already in the Late Glacial. Habitat suitability models suggested the fluctuations of suitable conditions in the Carpathians driven by summer precipitation, especially for P. saxatilis.Main ConclusionsOur results suggest that the Carpathian populations of P. saxatilis represent a post‐LGM colonization from the Eastern Alps triggered by climatic changes, mainly by the increase in summer precipitation during the Late Glacial interstadials and Middle Holocene. The evidence for P. pusilla is similar, but also suggests rare long‐term survival in the Carpathian microrefugia. The palaeoecological evidence indicates a possible threat to high‐elevation species from future fluctuations in precipitation regimes.
L‐ascorbyl‐2‐phosphate alleviates white matter injury caused by chronic hypoxia through the PRMT5/P53/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Ding Bingqing , Lou Jia , Qin Tianqi , Xie Weiwei , Li Di , Li Peijun , Wang Xingyun , Lin Zhenlang , Guo Xiaoling , Zhu Jianghu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhite matter injury (WMI) is one of the most serious complications associated with preterm births. Damage to oligodendrocytes, which are the key cells involved in WMI pathogenesis, can directly lead to myelin abnormalities. L‐ascorbyl‐2‐phosphate (AS‐2P) is a stable form of vitamin C. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of AS‐2P against chronic hypoxia‐induced WMI, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. An in vivo chronic hypoxia model and in vitro oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) model were established to explore the effects of AS‐2P on WMI using immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Morris water maze test, novel object recognition test, beaming‐walking test, electron microscopy, and flow cytometry. The results showed that AS‐2P resulted in the increased expression of MBP, Olig2, PDGFRα and CC1, improved thickness and density of the myelin sheath, and reduced TNF‐α expression and microglial cell infiltration to alleviate inflammation in the brain after chronic hypoxia. Moreover, AS‐2P improved the memory, learning and motor abilities of the mice with WMI. These protective effects of AS‐2P may involve the upregulation of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and downregulation of P53 and NF‐κB. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that AS‐2P attenuated chronic hypoxia‐induced WMI in vivo and OGD‐induced oligodendrocyte injury in vitro possibly by regulating the PRMT5/P53/NF‐κB pathway, suggesting that AS‐2P may be a potential therapeutic option for WMI.