bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutting Edge: Bach2 Integrates Cytokine Signals to Arbitrate Differentiation Decisions between T Follicular Helper and Th17 Lineages
Authors: Schroeder Andrew R , Xia Xianyou , Nguyen Kim , Zhu Fangming , Geng Jianlin , Sialer Diego O , Hu Hui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
CXCR5 is a hallmark of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. The mechanism of CXCR5 induction, however, is still incompletely understood. In this study, we report that in mice with the absence of transcription factor Bach2, the Th17-inducing cytokines IL-6 and TGF-β together induced CXCR5 expression in vitro. Mechanistically, IL-6/STAT3 drove Cxcr5 promoter activity via the upstream site 1 regulatory element, whereas TGF-β enhanced permissive histone modifications, and the STAT3 binding to the site 1 regulatory element was higher in the absence of Bach2. Subsequently, despite previous studies showing enhanced Th17 cell differentiation in the absence of Bach2 in vitro, we found that in vivo, the Bach2 deficiency led to an enhanced Tfh cell response at the expense of the Th17 cell response. These findings suggest that Bach2 helps integrate cytokine signals to arbitrate differentiation decisions between Tfh and Th17 lineages.
Predicting central incisor length from the incisive papilla in a multiethnic Northern Nigerian population
Authors: Ikusika Oluwafeyisayo Francis , Adeyemi Tope Emmanuel , Sotunde Olawale Akeem , Igweagu Chibuzor Emmanuel , Oguchi Chikaodi Odinaka , Alalade Olusegun , Akeredolu Patricia Adetokunbo 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Personalization of complete dentures (CDs) may improve their acceptance by patients. This study sought to develop an individualized predictive model for central incisor length in CDs based on the relationship of the incisive papilla with central incisors.

Methods:
Seventy-three adult participants were included in the study. The vertical distance (VD) and horizontal distance (HD) from the incisive papilla to the central incisor margins and the mean crown heights (CHs) of both central incisors were determined and recorded along with potential confounders. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to develop a best-fit model equation for predicting the CH from the VD and HD.

Results:
Thirty-seven males and 36 females (mean age: 33.4 ± 7.8 years) participated in the study. The ovoid arch form (61.6%) was the most common, whereas the square-shaped arch form (4.1%) was the least common. The mean CH, HD, and VD were 10.12 ± 1.02 mm, 10.64 ± 1.36 mm, and 8.00 ± 1.19 mm, respectively. Further, 49% of CH variability (Model 1) was explained by HD (β = 0.61, t = 7.02, P < 0.001) and VD (β = 0.29, t = 3.29, P = 0.002). Participant sex (Model 2) explained another 3% CH variability (β =0.18, t = 2.09, P = 0.04). The predictive equation from Model 2 was CH (mm) = 3.28+ (0.46 × HD) + (0.22 × VD) +0.37 × participant sex.

Conclusion:
The central incisor CH can be predicted with 52% accuracy using the equation CH (mm) =3.28 + (0.46 × HD) + (0.22 × VD) + 0.37 × participant sex. This finding may aid the fabrication of more individualized dentures.
Effects of Teriparatide on Clinical and Radiologic Long-Term Outcomes after Fixation of Pertrochanteric hip Fractures
Authors: Hosseini Khameneh Mehdi , Gorji Mona , Jafari Kafi-Ababdi Meisam , Biglari Farsad , Gholipour Morteza , Asadi Keivan , Sabbaghzadeh Amir 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Pertrochanteric hip fractures are common and among serious injuries of the old population with considerable mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term effects of recombinant human parathyroid hormone on postoperative clinical and radiologic outcomes in elderly patients with pertrochanteric hip fractures.

Materials and Methods:
Between 2016 and 2019, we prospectively assessed 80 patients with pertrochanteric hip fractures who underwent reduction and internal fixation with a dynamic hip screw. Patients were divided randomly into two groups. About 40 patients in the control group who received supplementary calcium (1000 mg/day) and vitamin D (800 UI/day), and 40 others who were treated additionally with 20–28 mg daily teriparatide for three months post-operatively. The functional and radiologic assessment was done using visual analog scale (VAS), Harris hip score (HSS), and standard radiographs of the hip.

Results:
At the final follow-up, there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding average HSS (68.38 in the control group versus 74.12 in the treatment group, P-value <0.001). VAS score was also significantly lower in the treatment group (P-value <0.001). Regarding radiographic evidence of union, the results were not statistically different between the two groups.

Conclusions:
The current study illustrated that short-term daily administration of teriparatide improves long-term functional outcome after pertrochanteric hip fracture fixation and can reduce the pain but does not affect union and callus formation.
Evaluation of Tenascin Expression in Ameloblastoma, Odontogenic Keratocyst, and Dentigerous Cyst by Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Ghazi Narges , Saghravanian Nasrollah , Mirhashemi Majid , Abedini Ardakani Abolfazl 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression pattern of tenascin in ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst, and dentigerous cyst.

Materials and Methods:
The expression of tenascin was evaluated in microscopic slides of 42 paraffin blocks including 12 ameloblastomas, 15 odontogenic keratocysts, and 15 dentigerous cysts by immunohistochemistry. The expression of tenascin was examined in stroma, epithelium-connective tissue interface, and epithelium of the lesions by two pathologists semiquantitatively.

Results:
Stromal expression of tenascin was higher in ameloblastomas than other groups. All the paired groups showed significant differences except comparison of odontogenic keratocysts and dentigerous cysts. Epithelial-mesenchymal interface expression of tenascin was significantly higher in ameloblastomas and odontogenic keratocysts than dentigerous cysts. All the paired groups showed significant differences except comparison of odontogenic keratocysts and ameloblastomas. Expression of tenascin in epithelial cells of ameloblastomas was focal whereas in odontogenic keratocysts and dentigerous cysts negative immunoreactivity was reported.

Conclusions:
Expression of tenascin in these lesions suggests that it could play a role in epithelial-mesenchymal interaction. Higher expression of tenascin in ameloblastoma, can explain immaturity of its stroma and aggressive nature of this lesion compared with other studied groups. Moreover, higher expression of tenascin in epithelial-mesenchymal interface of odontogenic keratocyst compared with dentigerous cyst reveals its more immature and aggressive nature and high rate of recurrence.
The Role of Hematological Parameters in Predicting the Death of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Mobinikhaledi Mahya , Mousavi Zahra S. , Falahati Vahid , Ghasemi Ali , Almasi-Hashiani Amir , Ghaffari Kazem 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The role of the hematologic indicators in the identification of severe or critical patients requires further investigation. In this study, we focused on predicting Covid-19 patients at risk of progression using blood parameters.

Materials and Methods:
We performed a retrospective study including 444 patients with confirmed Covid-19. Hematological parameters were evaluated. The logistic regression analysis was performed with step-wise method with dependent variables such as intensive care units admission, partial pressure of oxygen saturation, and mortality. Also, independent variables such as hematological parameters, age and sex to assess variables that are likely to predict patients at risk of progression.

Results:
Patients in intensive care units had significantly higher mean absolute neutrophil count than outpatients (P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean absolute lymphocyte count between dead and survived patients (P = 0.015). Multivariate analysis confirmed the positive association of the white blood cells (P < 0.001), absolute neutrophil count (P < 0.004), red cell distribution width (P < 0.001), and lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0.007) to be positively associated with the admission of Covid-19 patients in the intensive care units and the absolute monocyte count (P = 0.012, Odds ratios = 0.100, CI95% = 0.066-0.605) to be negatively associated with mortality.

Conclusion:
Based on the results of our study, it is recommended to use hematological data to make clinical decisions and evaluate the patient's prognosis.
In Vitro Study of the Leishmanicidal Activity of Perovskia Abrotanoides Terpenoid-Rich Fractions Against Leishmania Major (MRHO/IR/75/ER)
Authors: Sadeghi Dinani Masoud , Emarati Noushabadi Seyed A. , Namdar Fatemeh , Hassani Abharian Parastoo , Hejazi S. H. , Sebghatollahi Zahra 
Published: October 2023

Background:Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an ulcerative skin disease caused by some species of the genusLeishmania. Evidence shows thatPerovskia abrotanoidesis an important herbal medicine againstLeishmania.This study was conducted to investigate the killing effect of terpenoid-rich fractions on promastigotes ofL. major(MRHO/IR/75/ER).Material and Method:The eluates of reverse phased medium pressure liquid chromatography (RP-MPLC) of the extract were subjected to thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and categorized into six final fractions. Primary proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) spectroscopy confirmed fractions' nature. Fractions 4, 5, and 6 (F4, F5, F6) were identified as terpenoid-rich content. Two concentrations of 50 and 100 μg/ml were prepared to test leishmanicidal activity. Followed by treating promastigotes ofL. majorby the fractions in incubation times of 12, 24, and 48 hours, their viability was determined using a cell proliferation MTS ((3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay.Result:F4, F5, and F6 showed significant killing activity on promastigotes ofL. majorin a concentration-dependent manner. The viability of promastigotes was significantly reduced at a concentration of 100 μg/ml compared to 50 μg/ml (P-value <0.05). Also, over time a significant decreasing trend in the viability of promastigotes confirmed the time-dependent manner of the fractions (P-value <0.01). Furthermore, F5 had the highest leishmanicidal activity at the first incubation time compared with other fractions.Conclusion:Terpenoid-rich fractions of theP. abrotanoideshave a leishmanicidal activity that depends on time and concentration. Among them, F5 has the highest potency that may contain potent terpenoid constituents.
Investigating the Effect of Home-based Physical Activity Schedule on the Quality of Life, Sleep Quality, and Mood of the Elderly at Risk of Depression as Compared to the Control Group
Authors: Motamedi Narges , Mostajabodaavati Seyede Roxana 
Published: October 2023

Background:
This study aimed at investigating the effect of home-based physical activity schedule on the quality of life (QOL), sleep quality, and mood of the elderly at risk of depression as compared to the control group.

Materials and Methods:
The open-label randomized controlled trial was performed on 61 elderly people at risk of depression who were divided into two groups. In addition to routine care provided by the health-care center (relaxation techniques), the elderly in the intervention group were given a home-based physical activity booklet. The control group only received the routine care of the health-care center. Moreover, before and after the intervention, the results of the QOL questionnaire, petersburg sleep quality questionnaire index (PSQI), and depression questionnaire were assessed and recorded.

Results:
The depression scores in the 1st and 3rd months during the intervention and 1 month after the intervention were significantly lower in the intervention group with the means of 3.60 ± 3.91, 2.03 ± 2.43, and 2.66 ± 3.37 as compared with the control group with the means of 5.39 ± 2.88, 4.96 ± 2.77, and 5.13 ± 3.14, respectively (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the QOL and total PSQI scores in the physical and mental dimensions in the 3rd months during and 1 month after the intervention were higher in the intervention group as compared with the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
According to the findings of the study, the addition of home-based physical activity schedule to the routine care of the elderly can play a significant role in reducing the severity of their depression and improving their physical–psychological quality and sleep quality.
Predictive Value of Blood Markers in Nonfunctional Pituitary Adenomas Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Sayyadi Shahram , Kashani Hamid Reza Khayat , Jafari Rozita , Azhari Shirzad , Salimi Sohrab , Komlakh Khalil , Alesaadi Morteza , Alizade Pooyan , Solomon Habtemariam , Khayatkashani Maryam 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are the most common pituitary tumors and although they do not secrete hormones, they can have systemic effects. These tumors affect the function of other organs in the body by exerting pressure on the pituitary gland. There are differences between biomarkers NFPAs compared to healthy people. This study was conducted to show blood marker changes in adenomas compared to healthy people.

Materials and Methods:
This article compared the blood markers of NFPAs with healthy individuals retrospectively. The difference between blood markers in the two groups was statistically investigated where the predictive value of blood markers in the differentiation of the two groups was determined. An artificial neural network was also designed using the blood markers with its accuracy and predictive value determined.

Results:
A total of 96 NFPAs (nonfunctional pituitary adenoma) and 96 healthy individuals were evaluated. There was statistically a significant difference and positive correlation in platelet to lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, and derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio between NFPAs and healthy individuals. There was a significant and negative correlation between red blood cell (RBC), lymphocyte, and monocyte between the two groups. RBC as an independent factor was associated with NFPAs. In this study, the artificial neural network was able to differentiate between NFPTs cases and healthy individuals with an accuracy of 81.2%.

Conclusion:
There are differences between blood markers in NFPAs relative to healthy people and the artificial neural network can accurately differentiate between them.
Evaluating the Clinicopathologic Parameters of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Its Local Distribution
Authors: Khalesi Saeedeh , Abbasi Arash , Razavi Sayed Mohammad 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common oral lesions and the tongue is one of the most common areas involved. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic feature of tongue SCCs based on its local distribution.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, clinical data such as age, gender, location, and clinical appearance were extracted from the archives of the Oral Pathology Department, Isfahan Dental School, registered with a definitive diagnosis of tongue SCC during 2005-2019. Then, 34 specimens were selected for histopathological evaluation in a simple random way. The histopathologic slides were examined to determine the grade of tumor malignancy. The data were entered into SPSS23 software and analyzed by Chi-square, Fisher exact, One-way ANOVA, and Non-parametric tests. P value <0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
Of the 275 OSCCs, 68 samples were tongue SCC. The mean age of patients was 61.7 ± 15 and 61.8% were women. The most common clinical manifestations were exophytic lesions (42.6%) and the most common site was the lateral border of the tongue (36.8%). The results did not show a significant relationship between the clinicopathologic feature including mean age (p = 0.766), gender (p = 0.338), clinical presentation (p = 0.434), grade of malignancy (p = 0.763) and location. But, among the histopathological parameters, the pattern of invasion (p = 0.047) was significantly associated with the local distribution.

Conclusion:
Given that most OSCCs had moderate differentiation of malignancy, identification of clinical features is needed. Attention to the pattern of invasion and location on the tongue can be effective in determining the therapeutic approach.
The Effect of Vitamin D Supplement on the Relapsing Incidence of Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis after Fuctional Endoscpoic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Ghazavi Hossein , Hashemi Sayed Mostafa , Jafari Samaneh 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Nasal polyp (NP) is the most common benign tumor that can cause nasal obstruction and more annoying problems in patients. Recently, investigators have been focusing on complementary therapies alone or in conjunction with endoscopic nasal and sinus surgery. However, given the association of Vitamin D (VD) deficiency and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) in previous studies, it may be possible to prevent the recurrence of NP and the development of rhinosinusitis by controlling serum levels of VD and maintaining it at a normal level. The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of VD supplementation in preventing CRSwNP recurrence after endoscopic surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This clinical trial composed of vitamin D deficient patients with CRSwNP who were candidates for endoscopic sinus surgery in two groups of cases and controls. After endoscopic sinus surgery for all patients, we administered VD supplementation (50,000 IU) once a week for 8 weeks for cases and no further intervention for controls. The severity of symptoms was assessed using Sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22) and NP recurrence and recorded pre- and postintervention.

Results:
The findings indicated a higher mean change of SNOT-22 in the case group compared to that of the control group (36.03 ± 10.71 vs. 29.90 ± 11.99; P = 0.041). Moreover, the percentage of NP recurrence in cases was lower than controls; so that receiving VD supplementation has significantly reduced the chance of NP recurrence (odd ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.298 [0.099–0.900]; P = 0.032).

Conclusion:
According to the result of the study, the administration of VD supplementation after endoscopic sinus surgery can reduce the severity of CRSwNP symptoms and NP recurrence significantly.
The Effect of Ipratropium Bromide with Violet Flower Extract, Ipratropium Bromide with Budesonide, and Ipratropium Bromide Alone on the Cuff-Leak of the Endotracheal Tube in Intubated ICU Patients
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Taghi , Alikiaii Babak , Mohkamkar Niloofar 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of ipratropium bromide with violet flower extract, ipratropium bromide with budesonide, and ipratropium bromide alone on the cuff-leak of the endotracheal tube and changes in hemodynamic parameters in intubated patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

Materials and Methods:
The present randomized clinical trial study was performed on 195 intubated patients in three groups of 65 patients. The first group received nebulized ipratropium bromide with budesonide (I + B group), the second group in addition to ipratropium bromide, received one tablespoon of the violet flower extract syrup every 8 hours (I + V group), and the third group received nebulized ipratropium bromide alone (I group). Hemodynamic parameters and the cuff-leak ratio (CLR) of patients were evaluated up to 72 hours after intubation.

Results:
The results of the present study revealed that 12 hours after intubation, the mean of CLR was significantly lower in group I (with a mean of 0.14 ± 0.02) as compared with that of the I + V and I + B groups (with the means of 0.16 ± 0.05 and 0.23 ± 0.05, respectively) (P < 0.001). In addition, 24 hours after intubation, the mean of CLR in group I + V was higher than that of I + B and I groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
According to the results of this study, the use of violet extract syrup in patients under intubation can significantly improve patients' ratio of cuff-leak and SpO2. It seems that the use of violet extract syrup is effective to prevent unwanted complications during intubation and to facilitate patients' breathing.
Latent Class Analysis of knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of a Population-Based Sample of Iranian Pregnant Women toward COVID-19
Authors: Yazdi Maryam , Bemanalizadeh Maryam , Mohebpour Fatemeh , Goli Parvin , Daniali Seyede Shahrbanoo , Kelishadi Roya 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The aim of the study is to identify latent class (LC)-derived patterns of women’s knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Iran.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional survey of 2029 women, who participated in the PERSIAN Birth Cohort, was conducted in Isfahan, Iran. KAP was assessed by shortened and validated form of a recently used questionnaire in Iran. LC analysis was used to discover underlying response patterns of KAP toward COVID-19 using Mplus 8.0 software.

Results:
Three classes were identified: Class 1 (n = 514, 25.33%) “Low knowledge and poor practice, Class 2 (n = 423, 22.08%) “Moderate knowledge and proper practice,” and Class 3 (n = 1092, 53.82%) “Low knowledge and proper practice.” The lowest rate of positive attitude was seen in Class 3. Women living in rural areas, as well as those with lower education, were more likely to member classes with improper practice.

Conclusion:
The findings suggest that the LCA approach can provide important information reflecting different levels of adoption of protection toward COVID-19 infection. The results may be useful to conducting health-care programs during the outbreaks.
A Comparative Study of the Effect of Intravenous Morphine and Ketorolac on Pain Control in Patients with Renal Colic
Authors: Pourafzali Seyed Mehdi , Sanei Abdolrahim , Abdolrazaghnejad Ali , Poursadra Elahe 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The present study aimed at comparing the effect of ketorolac and morphine on the pain control in patients with renal colic.

Materials and Methods:
The present clinical trial was performed on 272 patients with renal colic that were divided into two groups. Patients in the first and second groups intravenously received morphine at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg and ketorolac at a dose of 30 mg, respectively. Then, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate (RR), and oxygen saturation percentage (SpO2) as well as patients' pain scores before and 5, 15, 30, 60, and 90 min after the intervention were recorded and evaluated.

Results:
The results of this study revealed that the mean pain scores of patients before and after the intervention were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, patients' pain significantly relieved over time in both groups (reduce: Morphine group = 9.4 and ketorolac group = 9.09; P < 0.001). In addition, nausea, dizziness, and a decreased SpO2 in the morphine group were 5.1%, 2.9%, and 1.5%, respectively, and in the ketorolac group only dizziness was 2.2% (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
According to the results of this study, the efficacy of ketorolac in reducing patients' pain was not significantly different from that of morphine. Therefore, considering that the occurrence of complications in the ketorolac group was lower than that of the morphine group, it can be stated that ketorolac is a safer and more reliable drug than morphine in relieving pain in patients with renal colic.