bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Saudi Real-world Data
Authors: Al-Homood Ibrahim Abdulrazag , Almansour Mohammed A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
Tofacitinib is a potent, small molecule, orally administered, selective Janus kinase inhibitor approved for use in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although safety and efficacy have been proven in clinical trials, the safety information in a real-world setting from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is limited.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective real-world evidence study conducted at a single tertiary care referral center in Riyadh, KSA. Records of all adult patients aged 18–80 diagnosed with RA between 2016 and 2022 and on tofacitinib were included in this study.

Results:
Records of 100 patients were analyzed. The mean duration of tofacitinib use was 17.59 months. A total of 34% had discontinued tofacitinib for reasons such as active RA (35.29%) and at patients’ request (20.59%). There were no adverse events except for one patient who had a stroke. There was no statistically significant difference regarding laboratory parameters such as blood counts, liver function tests, and inflammatory markers.

Conclusion:
Tofacitinib was shown to have a consistent safety profile with a low incidence of adverse events up to 24 months in patients diagnosed with RA from KSA.
Vascular and Neurological Manifestations of Behcet’s Disease in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghanim Khawla Khalifa , AlSomali Hoda F. , Alharbi Ali , Elamin Awab , Shadi Hesham W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context:
Behcet’s disease (BD) is a form of vasculitis with multisystem and multiorgan involvement.

Aims:
To examine vascular and neurological manifestations in patients with BD in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Settings and Design:
A single-center prospective study conducted at the rheumatology outpatient clinic Military of King Fahad Medical Complex in Dhahran between January 2016 and December 2022. Thirty-one patients, with minimum of three visits per year to a rheumatology outpatient clinic, were included in the study and followed up for 6 years.

Patients and Methods:
Data on patients’ demographic characteristics, age at BD onset, disease duration, multiorgan manifestation, and ongoing treatment were obtained using patient records and interviews during clinic visits.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The Mann–Whitney U-test was used to find the significance level among variables such as sex, vascular involvement, central nervous system involvement, and family history. Qualitative variables were compared using the Fisher’s exact and Z tests for proportion analysis.

Results:
Despite the high rate of consanguineous marriages in Saudi Arabia, only 25.8% of patients had a positive family history of BD. The most common manifestations of BD were oral ulcers, followed by genital ulcers and articular manifestations. Eleven and 12 patients with BD experienced vascular and central nervous system events, respectively; deep-venous thrombosis in the lower extremities was the most common vascular event.

Conclusions:
Vascular and neurological manifestations in BD were associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with an increased tendency of occurrence in men in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
Endothelial Dysfunction Detected by Brachial Reactivity as a Marker of Cardiovascular Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Literature Review
Authors: Hannawi Suad , Al-Salmi Maria , Hannawi Haifa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune inflammatory disease, and it is associated with a double risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and morbidity compared to their age- and sex-matched controls. The pathogenesis of CVD is complex; knowledge about determinants of increased atherosclerosis in RA is needed. Early detection of CVD in RA is of great help in reducing the CVD burden. A number of methods have been applied for the noninvasive assessment of CVD risks, such as brachial dilatation response, which have been shown to be good surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis presence and probably atherosclerosis stages. Early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in RA is of great importance for primary prevention of CVD and therefore reducing CVD-associated mortality and morbidity. This literature review aims to explore the brachial dilatation response as a possible noninvasive, valid, feasible, reliable, and cost-effective method marker for the presence of CVD in RA. More, Brachial dilatation response measurement may be used as a marker of the total burden of atherosclerosis among RA patients and may serve as a graded marker for subclinical CVD presence.
The Saudi initiative for asthma – 2024 update: Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma in adults and children
Authors: Al-Moamary Mohamed Saad , Alhaider Sami A. , Allehebi Riyad , Idrees Majdy M. , Zeitouni Mohammed O. , Al Ghobain Mohammed O. , Alanazi Abdullah F. , Al-Harbi Adel S. , Yousef Abdullah A. , Alorainy Hassan S. , Al-Hajjaj Mohamed S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Saudi Initiative for Asthma 2024 (SINA-2024) is the sixth version of asthma guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma for adults and children that was developed by the SINA group, a subsidiary of the Saudi Thoracic Society. The main objective of the SINA is to have guidelines that are up-to-date, simple to understand, and easy to use by healthcare workers dealing with asthma patients. To facilitate achieving the goals of asthma management, the SINA Panel approach is mainly based on the assessment of symptom control and risk for both adults and children. The approach to asthma management is aligned for age groups: adults, adolescents, children aged 5–12 years, and children aged <5 years. SINA guidelines have focused more on personalized approaches reflecting a better understanding of disease heterogeneity with the integration of recommendations related to biologic agents, evidence-based updates on treatment, and the role of immunotherapy in management. The medication appendix has also been updated with the addition of recent evidence, new indications for existing medication, and new medications. The guidelines are constructed based on the available evidence, local literature, and the current situation at national and regional levels. There is also an emphasis on patient–doctor partnership in the management that also includes a self-management plan.
Evaluation of perioperative routine coagulation testing versus thromboelastography for major liver resection – A single-arm, prospective, interventional trial (PORTAL trial)
Authors: Ambulkar Reshma , Baskar Vignesh , Patkar Shraddha , Kunte Aditya , Agarwal Vandana , Solanki Sohan Lal , Divatia Jigeeshu V 
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims:
The International Normalised Ratio (INR), which assesses the loss of procoagulant factors in the extrinsic pathway, fails to evaluate the coagulation abnormalities comprehensively after a major liver resection, which often leads to reduced synthesis of procoagulant and anticoagulant-factors. This study was conducted with an aim to study the trend and compare the results of routine coagulation tests and thromboelastography (TEG) during the perioperative period in patients undergoing major liver resections (≥3 segments).

Methods:
Twenty-five patients who underwent a major liver resection were enrolled. This prospective, single-arm, interventional study was performed with the primary objective of determining the serial changes in conventional coagulation tests and TEG during the perioperative period in patients undergoing major liver resections, at the preincision period, intraoperative period, postoperatively, at 48 h and on the fifth postoperative day. Transfusion requirements of blood components were also assessed with a TEG-guided replacement strategy. Spearman rank-order correlation was used to study the relationships of coagulation tests (both TEG and conventional tests) at each time point.

Results:
The prothrombin time (PT)-INR was elevated in 14 patients (56%) at the intraoperative, immediate postoperative and 48-h time points in contrast to the TEG parameters, which remained normal in all patients. Blood component transfusion was avoided in 4, 11 and 10 patients at the intraoperative, immediate postoperative and 48-h time points, respectively.

Conclusion:
International Normalised Ratio overestimates the coagulopathy in patients undergoing major liver resection, and a thromboelastography-guided transfusion strategy reduces overall transfusion requirements.
Restrictive versus goal-directed fluid replacement strategy in ovarian cancer cytoreductive surgery (RiGoROCS): A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Goswami Jyotsna , Pal Angshuman Rudra , Barman Suparna Mitra , Sarkar Anshuman , Patro Viplab , Bhowmik Jaydip , Mukhopadhyay Asima 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Although goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) is associated with reduced morbidity and length of stay (LOS) in the hospital after major surgery, it has not been widely studied in ovarian cancer cytoreductive surgery (CRS). The primary objective of the study was post-operative LOS.

Methods:
In this double-blind, randomised controlled trial, ovarian cancer patients undergoing elective CRS were randomised to receive either GDFT or restrictive fluid therapy after pre-randomisation stratification for primary debulking surgery or interval debulking surgery. The primary objective was to measure post-operative LOS in the hospital. Secondary outcome measures were the cost of surgical treatment episode and post-operative morbidity assessed by post-operative morbidity survey (POMS) on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th post-operative day and at discharge. Clavien–Dindo (CD) classification was used to assess the 30-day morbidity/mortality rate.

Results:
Median LOS was 7 days (interquartile range (IQR): 5–10; P = 0.282) in both groups. Median POMS at day 3 was 3 (IQR: 2–5) in the GDFT and 4 (IQR: 2.25–2.75) in the control groups (P = 0.625). The cost of treatment was INR 310907 (IQR: INR 211,856–427,490) in the GDFT group and INR 342,468 (IQR: INR 270,179-454,122) in the control group (P = 0.100). Grade 3–5 CD morbidity was 7 (12%) in GDFT and 9 (16%) in the control group (P = 0.790).

Conclusion:
GDFT did not confer significant benefit over restrictive fluid therapy in ovarian cancer CRS regarding hospital LOS.
Comparison of intubating conditions in supine (sniffing) and 25° back-up position using channelled and non-channelled video laryngoscopes - A randomised controlled study
Authors: Desai Devyani , Sompura Riddhi , Yadav Sudarshan 
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims:
The 25°back-up position is proposed to increase the efficacy of preoxygenation and provide better tracheal intubating conditions when using a direct laryngoscope. This study aimed to compare the ease of tracheal intubation between supine and 25° back-up positions when using two video laryngoscopes (VLS).

Methods:
One hundred adults with normal airways and belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classes I and II, requiring general anaesthesia, were randomised in groups K and M. The trachea was intubated using King Vision and McGrath VLS in either supine (groups K1 and M1) or 25° back-up (groups K2 and M2) positions. The 25° backup position was given by raising the operating table from the horizontal position by flexing the torso at the hips so that an imaginary line connected the patient’s external auditory meatus to the sternal notch. Modified Intubation Difficulty Scale (mIDS) was the primary outcome, and intubation time, the number of intubation attempts, vital parameters, and complications were compared secondarily. Statistical analysis was done using MedCalc software by applying an independent t-test for parametric data and a Chi-square test for categorical data and finding the risk ratio.

Result:
Mean (Standard deviation) mIDS was significantly reduced using both VLS in the 25° back-up position [0.92 (0.75) versus 0.48 (0.58), P = 0.025, degree of freedom (DF): 48, mean difference (95% confidence interval [CI]):−0.44 (−0.821 to − 0.059) in group K1 versus group K2 and 0.76 (0.59) versus 0.36 (0.48), P = 0.012, DF: 48, mean difference (95% CI): −0.40(−0.706 to − 0.094) in group M1 versus group M2, respectively]. The risk ratio comparing both the positions for the total number of patients requiring manoeuvres during intubation using both the VLS was 0.48 with P = 0.0004 and 95% CI = 0.305 − 0.765. Intubation time was shorter in the 25° backup position by using King Vision (P = 0.005) and McGrath (P = 0.042) VLS.

Conclusion:
The 25° backup position helps provide ease of intubation using both the channelled (King Vision) and non-channelled (McGrath) VLS.
Dialog‐based multi‐item recommendation using automatic evaluation
Authors: Chung Euisok , Kim Hyun Woo , Yoo Byunghyun , Han Ran , Yang Jeongmin , Song Hwa Jeon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we describe a neural network‐based application that recommends multiple items using dialog context input and simultaneously outputs a response sentence. Further, we describe a multi‐item recommendation by specifying it as a set of clothing recommendations. For this, a multimodal fusion approach that can process both cloth‐related text and images is required. We also examine achieving the requirements of downstream models using a pretrained language model. Moreover, we propose a gate‐based multimodal fusion and multiprompt learning based on a pretrained language model. Specifically, we propose an automatic evaluation technique to solve the one‐to‐many mapping problem of multi‐item recommendations. A fashion‐domain multimodal dataset based on Koreans is constructed and tested. Various experimental environment settings are verified using an automatic evaluation method. The results show that our proposed method can be used to obtain confidence scores for multi‐item recommendation results, which is different from traditional accuracy evaluation.
New hope for esophageal stricture prevention: A prospective single-center trial on acellular dermal matrix
Authors: Fu Xin-Yu , Jiang Zhen-Yu , Zhang Chen-Yang , Shen Ling-Yan , Yan Xiao-Dan , Li Xiao-Kang , Lin Jia-Ying , Wang Yi , Mao Xin-Li , Li Shao-Wei 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Given the high incidence of esophageal cancer in China, an increasing number of patients there are undergoing endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD). Although the 5-year survival rate after ESD can exceed 95%, esophageal stricture, the most common and serious postoperative complication, affects the long-term prognosis of patients and the quality of life. Autologous mucosal grafts have proven to be successful in preventing stricture after ESD for early esophageal cancer.
AIM
To examine the viability of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) as an alternative to autologous mucosa for the prevention of stricture after ESD.
METHODS
This is a prospective, single-center, controlled study. Consecutive patients who underwent ESD surgery and were willing to undergo autologous mucosal transplantation were recruited between January 1 and December 31, 2017. Consecutive patients who underwent ESD surgery and were willing to undergo ADM transplantation were recruited between January 1 to December 31, 2019. A final three-year follow-up of patients who received transplants was conducted.
RESULTS
Based on the current incidence of esophageal stricture, the sample size required for both the autologous mucosal graft group and the ADM group was calculated to be 160 cases. Due to various factors, a total of 20 patients with autologous mucosal grafts and 25 with ADM grafts were recruited. Based on the inclusion exclusion and withdrawal criteria, 9 patients ultimately received autologous mucosal grafts and completed the follow-up, while 11 patients received ADM grafts and completed the follow-up. Finally, there were 2 cases of stenosis in the autologous mucosal transplantation group with a stenosis rate of 22.22% and 2 cases of stenosis in the ADM transplantation group with a stenosis rate of 18.18%, with no significant difference noted between the groups (P = 0.94).
CONCLUSION
In this prospective, single-center, controlled trial, we compared the effectiveness of autologous mucosa transplantation and ADM for the prevention of esophageal stricture. Due to certain condition limitations, we were unable to recruit sufficient subjects meeting our target requirements. However, we implemented strict inclusion, exclusion, and withdrawal criteria and successfully completed three years of follow-up, resulting in valuable clinical insights. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that ADM may be similarly effective to autologous mucosal transplantation in the prevention of esophageal stricture, offering a comparable and alternative approach. This study provides a new therapeutic idea and direction for the prevention of esophageal stricture.
Clinical usefulness of linked color imaging in identifying Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wang Jing-Zhai , Bai Xuan , Zhang Peng-Li , Guo Qiang 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection status is a crucial premise for eradication therapy, as well as evaluation of risk for gastric cancer. Recent progress on imaging enhancement endoscopy (IEE) made it possible to not only detect precancerous lesions and early gastrointestinal cancers but also to predict H. pylori infection in real time. As a novel IEE modality, linked color imaging (LCI) has exhibited its value on diagnosis of lesions of gastric mucosa through emphasizing minor differences of color tone.
AIM
To compare the efficacy of LCI for H. pylori active infection vs conventional white light imaging (WLI).
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched up to the end of April 11, 2022. The random-effects model was adopted to calculate the diagnostic efficacy of LCI and WLI. The calculation of sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were performed; symmetric receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curves and the areas under the SROC curves were computed. Quality of the included studies was chosen to assess using the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2 tool.
RESULTS
Seven original studies were included in this study. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood rate, and negative likelihood rate of LCI for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection of gastric mucosa were 0.85 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76-0.92], 0.82 (95%CI: 0.78-0.85), 4.71 (95%CI: 3.7-5.9), and 0.18 (95%CI: 0.10-0.31) respectively, with diagnostic odds ratio = 26 (95%CI: 13-52), SROC = 0.87 (95%CI: 0.84-0.90), which showed superiority of diagnostic efficacy compared to WLI.
CONCLUSION
Our results showed LCI can improve efficacy of diagnosis on H. pylori infection, which represents a useful endoscopic evaluation modality for clinical practice.
Media Discourse as a Generator of the Urban Imaginary
Authors: Fedotova Natalia G. 
Published: December 2023

The article studies the urban imaginary generating processes in modern society. The relevance of this interdisciplinary problem is proved by the fragmanted character of the existing research in this area including urban practices diversity through which the city is imagined. The author demonstrates that media discourse is an urban imaginary generator, and it determines how the city is presented and perceived today. The theoretical analysis of the media discourses’ specifics that generate the urban imaginary is carried out in three key modes. The article reveals the specifics of media discourse, impacting the real and virtual collective city representations formation by appealing to discursive practices various modes: media content structuring, discourse actors, media technologies features alongside symbolic fight for city mental images. Besides, the author identifies the media discourses types based on research practices aimed at studying the urban imaginary generating features (media images, place uniqueness, urban space semiotics, urban discourses, etc.). The research also contains the author’s typology of media discourses, producing urban imaginary, is the main result of the researches based on the A. Lefebvre “Production of space” theory: a) media discourse of city space representation (official discourse); b) urban space media discourse (citizens discourse); c) urban practices’ media discourse (communities discourses). Such an analysis and the above typology allow to reveal the variety of the discursive practices production areas in the media sphere, the dominant vectors of the city’s meanings constructing, thus, to explain the discourse landscape, projecting different city representations.
Word Play in Modern Russian Network Discourse
Authors: Kornienko Alla V. 
Published: December 2023

The phenomenon of the word play is studied in this work on the basis of the network discourse reflected in the materials of the Russian competition “Word of the Year” for 2007-2021. The participants of this contest were subject to sociolinguistic analysis – words, expressions, and phrases that are products of a word play. All of them, as it turned out, were included in the nomination “Neologism of the Year”. The empirical analysis was subordinated to the goal of determining their functionality and identifying the underlying word-formation models and techniques of lexical implementation of the latter. The results of the study indicate the active appeal of users of social networks to the word play in two situations. Firstly, when a communicator wants to express one’s disagreement, a critical attitude towards real events. Then s/he usually resorts to ridicule as a form of word play, functionally aimed at lowering evaluative meanings (a case of “corrective humor”). Secondly, in a situation of counteracting psychological tension and stress caused by a traumatic event, when using a joke, the communicator seeks to reduce emotional tension—his/her own and / or the audience (a case of “benevolent humor”). In both situations, as the analysis showed, the same set of word-formation models of the Russian language and word play techniques are used. To create new lexical units, paronymic attraction and contamination are most widely used. These models are adjoined by prefixation, suffixation, their combination, as well as other traditional Russian language models for generating lexical units. Among the techniques of the word play that provide a laughing reaction, deceived expectation, logical inconsistency and playing with set expressions stand out. In general, the results of the study indicate that the word play remains a popular means of achieving the comic effect desired by the communicator, not only by journalists, as noted by analysts of modern Russian public discourse, but also by ordinary users of social networks in their everyday speech communication.