bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Analysis Between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Hip Fracture in Male: Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database
Authors: Lan Fangfang , Jiang Kuihong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHip fractures (HFs) are common in elderly patients and are associated with high mortality rates and functional impairment. Malnutrition has been shown to negatively impact postoperative survival rates in HF patients. However, the relationship between the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) and the risk of HF remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association between GNRI and HF risk, with a particular focus on the elderly male population.We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the periods 2007–2010, 2013–2014, and 2017–2018. Through multivariate regression analysis, we assessed the association between GNRI and HF and performed stratified and subgroup analyses to further explore this relationship. Additionally, we utilized restricted cubic splines (RCSs) to investigate the potential nonlinear relationship between GNRI and HF risk.The study found that gender significantly influenced the relationship between GNRI and HF (p for interaction = 0.002). In males, GNRI was significantly negatively associated with the risk of HF (OR < 1, p < 0.05). RCS analysis showed that the relationship between GNRI and HF risk in elderly males might be linearly negative. The critical threshold for GNRI was identified as 104.14, beyond which the risk of HF significantly decreased.This study demonstrates a linear negative correlation between GNRI and the risk of HF in elderly males, with a GNRI of 104.14 identified as the critical threshold for predicting the risk of hip fractures.
Optimizing Diabetes-in-Pregnancy Outcomes Requires a Care Continuum
Authors: Huang Audrey M. , Miodovnik Menachem , Reece E. Albert 
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to assess the strengths, limitations, opportunities, and threats presented by diabetes-in-pregnancy. We review the improvements in maternal and fetal mortality since the advent of insulin therapy, evaluate current health challenges, and identify opportunities for preventing increased mortality due to diabetes-in-pregnancy. Prior to 1922, women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) of childbearing age were discouraged from becoming pregnant as the maternal and fetal/neonatal mortality rates were extremely high. Starvation-level dietary restriction was the only “treatment,” with limited success in managing the disease. The discovery of insulin coupled with careful clinical management presented the possibility of successful pregnancies for women with T1dm. Over the course of the next half-century, maternal survival increased from 54 to 97%. However, the gains made in reducing adverse outcomes of diabetes in pregnancy are eroding due to modern challenges. The global obesity epidemic has led to an increase in type 2 and gestational diabetes mellitus (DM). T1DM also is on the rise. Together, the rise in the prevalence of pregestational diabetes has increased the risks for adverse outcomes. Here we review the ongoing challenges as well as opportunities for research to improve outcomes. We suggest that overweight, obesity, and diabetes management must be coupled with preconception counseling and education and must include, in addition to, Ob/Gyns, primary care, nutrition, weight management, and other experts to ensure that those at risk of pregnancy complications due to diabetes have the best possible outcomes.
Key Points
Perinatal Mental Health Disorders and Resilience in Patients with Fetal Anomalies
Authors: Timmer-Murillo Sydney C. , Mowrer Alyssa , Rundell Maddie R. , Jazinski-Chambers Kelly , Piña Isela , deRoon-Cassini Terri A. , Wagner Amy J. 
Published: January 2025

Objective Pregnant women face heightened vulnerability to mental health disorders (MHDs). There remains a lack of data during the antenatal period, particularly for high-risk subpopulations such as those with fetal anomalies. Understanding the psychological impact of women receiving a fetal anomaly diagnosis is crucial, as it can lead to MHDs. Additionally, maternal stress due to such diagnoses can have adverse effects on short- and long-term health outcomes for both the mother and the child. This study aimed to address the gap in knowledge regarding prenatal MHDs in women with fetal anomalies by characterizing maternal peripartum psychological health and identifying factors related to MHDs.
Study Design Women diagnosed with fetal anomalies (N = 110) were recruited from a tertiary fetal care center and completed surveys assessing resilience, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSs). Demographic characteristics were also collected and analyzed. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to explore associations between demographic variables and mental health outcomes.
Results Participants endorsed elevated depressive symptoms (45%), anxiety (43%), and PTSs (39%). Private insurance and relationship status were positively associated, and resilience was negatively associated, with depression and anxiety levels. Maternal perception of diagnostic severity correlated with increased depressive symptoms and PTSs, whereas physician ratings of diagnostic severity did not.
Conclusion The findings underscore the prevalence of MHD among pregnant women with fetal anomalies and emphasize the importance of assessing maternal perception of severity in predicting mental health outcomes. Identifying risk factors like insurance status and relationship status suggests avenues for targeted screening and intervention. Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for implementing effective strategies to address peripartum psychopathology related to fetal anomalies and improve overall maternal and fetal health.
Key Points
Applying the Modified Five-Item Frailty Index to Predict Complications following Lower Extremity Free Flap Reconstruction in Trauma Patients
Authors: Gonzalez Miguel , Zietowski Maeson , Patel Ronak , Chattha Anmol , Cripps Courtney N. , Beederman Maureen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background Free flap reconstruction in the setting of lower extremity trauma continues to be a challenging clinical problem fraught with a high risk of complications including flap compromise. Although studies have described certain risk factors that predispose these patients to poor outcomes, there remains a paucity of literature detailing frailty as a risk factor. As such, the aim of our study was to examine the application of the 5-item modified frailty index (mFI-5) in trauma patients undergoing lower extremity free flap reconstruction.
Methods The 2012 to 2020 American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for lower extremity free flap reconstructive procedures. After excluding nontrauma etiologies, patients were stratified into three cohorts by their respective mFI-5 score (0, 1, and ≥2). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to assess the effect of mFI-5 scores on postoperative complications.
Results A total of 219 patients were included (64.8% male) with an average age of 47.6 ± 16 years. A total of 22.4% (n = 49) of patients had at least one complication. An increased mFI-5 score was associated with an increase in any complication (p < 0.001), hematological complication (p = 0.023), and reoperation (p = 0.004) rates. A high mFI-5 score was found to be an isolated risk factor for having at least one complication (mFI-5 ≥ 2: odds ratio [OR]: 3.829; p < 0.007; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.445–10.145) and reoperation (mFI-5 ≥ 2: OR: 5.385; p < 0.002; 95% CI: 1.826–15.877).
Conclusion Our results indicate that the mFI-5 can be a helpful assessment tool for lower extremity trauma patients undergoing free flap reconstruction to predict the risk of surgical complications and reoperation rates. Patients with an mFI-5 score > 2 should be counseled preoperatively of their increased risk of complications.
Radiomic signatures derived from baseline 18F FDG PET/CT imaging can predict tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte values in patients with primary breast cancer
Authors: Vural Topuz Özge , Bağbudar Sidar , Aksu Ayşegül , Söylemez Akkurt Tuçe , Akkaş Burcu Esen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTo determine the value of radiomics data extraction from baseline 18F FDG PET/CT in the prediction of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) among patients with primary breast cancer (BC).We retrospectively evaluated 74 patients who underwent baseline 18F FDG PET/CT scans for BC evaluation between October 2020 and April 2022. Radiomics data extraction resulted in a total of 131 radiomic features from primary tumors. TILs status was defined based on histological analyses of surgical specimens and patients were categorized as having low TILs or moderate & high TILs. The relationships between TILs groups and tumor features, patient characteristics and molecular subtypes were examined. Features with a correlation coefficient of less than 0.6 were analyzed by logistic regression to create a predictive model. The diagnostic performance of the model was calculated via receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis.Menopausal status, histological grade, nuclear grade, and four radiomics features demonstrated significant differences between the two TILs groups. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that nuclear grade and three radiomics features (Morphological COMShift, GLCM Correlation, and GLSZM Small Zone Emphasis) were independently associated with TIL grouping. The diagnostic performance analysis of the model showed an AUC of 0.864 (95% CI: 0.776–0.953; p < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy values of the model were 69.6%, 82.4%, 64%, 85.7% and 78.4%, respectivelyThe pathological TIL scores of BC patients can be predicted by using radiomics feature extraction from baseline 18F FDG PET/CT scans.
Living Near Wildfires and the Risk of Fetal Congenital Heart Defects: Evaluating Critical Windows of Vulnerability
Authors: Park Bo Y. , Vedhanayagam Kriti , Ortiz-Luis Jared , Basu Rupa , Gheorghe Ciprian P. , Govindappagari Shravya , Abinader Ray , Yao Ruofan 
Published: January 2025

Background Wildfires produce air pollutants that have been associated with complications during pregnancy. This study examined the association between wildfire exposure before and during pregnancy and the odds of congenital heart defect (CHD) in the offspring.
Methods This retrospective cohort study used the California Linked Birth File and the Forestry and Fire Protection data between 2007 and 2010. Patients living within 15 miles of wildfire during pregnancy were considered exposed. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between wildfire exposure by these various exposure metrics and atrial septal defect (ASD) or ventricular septal defect (VSD) types of CHD compared to pregnancies without wildfire exposure.
Results Compared to births without wildfire exposure, those with first-, second-, and third-trimester exposure were associated with a higher risk of ASD with a first-trimester adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.11 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04–1.18), second-trimester aOR of 1.12 (95% CI: 1.07–1.18), and third-trimester aOR of 1.08 (95% CI: 1.02–1.14). Wildfire exposure during the critical window of fetal heart development (weeks 3–8) was associated with aOR of 1.12 (95% CI: 1.02–1.23).
Conclusion Wildfire exposure during pregnancy appears to increase the risk of developing ASD.
Key points
Clinician-reported Gloucester Comfort Scale scores underestimate patient discomfort and pain during colonoscopy: insights from comparison with a patient-reported experience measure
Authors: van Bokhorst Querijn N. E. , Geerlings Charmayne V. , van der Vlugt Manon , Nass Karlijn J. , Borkent Jos W. , Neilson Laura J. , Fockens Paul , Rees Colin J. , Dekker Evelien 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPatient experience is a fundamental element of colonoscopy. The Gloucester Comfort Scale (GCS) is used by clinicians to report patient comfort. However, insights regarding the extent to which clinician-reported GCS scores represent the patient’s experience are lacking. We assessed the level of agreement between clinician-reported GCS scores and patient-reported discomfort and pain.Consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy at two Dutch endoscopy clinics were included. Patient comfort during colonoscopy was reported using the GCS (1–5 scale). Patients’ colonoscopy experiences were assessed using the Newcastle ENDOPREM, a validated endoscopy patient-reported experience measure (PREM). Patients reported both discomfort and pain levels experienced during colonoscopy on a 1–5 scale. Levels of agreement were assessed using Cohen’s kappa statistic.For 243 included patients, the GCS score was higher than the PREM discomfort score in 52 patients (21%) and lower in 72 (30%). GCS score was higher than the PREM pain score in 39 patients (16%) and lower in 71 (29%). Moderate-to-severe discomfort and pain (scores ≥3) were reported by 53 patients (22%) for discomfort and 60 patients (25%) for pain. For these patients, the GCS underestimated discomfort and pain levels in almost all cases (discomfort 49/53 [92%], pain 54/60 [90%]). Agreement between GCS scores and PREM discomfort and pain scores were minimal (Cohen’s κ 0.34) and weak (Cohen’s κ 0.47), respectively.Clinician-reported GCS scores frequently underestimated the level of discomfort and pain reported by patients. For accurate monitoring of patients’ colonoscopy experiences, the use of PREMs should be considered.
‘Does human papillomavirus (HPV) cause cancer?’ – A cross-sectional study of HPV awareness among sexual minority men in Nigeria
Authors: Volpi Connor R. , Chama John , Blanco Natalia , Adebiyi Ruxton , Mohanty Kareshma , Doroh Ayuba , Aigoro Jumoke A. , Katu Christiana , Ononaku Uche , Maigida John , Aka Abayomi , Shutt Ashley , Dakum Patrick , Charurat Man , Adebajo Sylvia , Nowak Rebecca G. 
Published: January 2025

Background Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers are a global concern, particularly for sexual minority men (SMM). Understanding awareness and the determinants of these beliefs is crucial for developing educational programs to reduce HPV-associated cancers. This study explored awareness and determinants of beliefs about HPV’s carcinogenicity among SMM living with and without HIV in Nigeria. Methods Participants were recruited through secure social media platforms in Abuja, Nigeria. REDCap surveys captured demographics, sexual practices and participants’ beliefs regarding HPV’s role in cancer. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the relationships between individual characteristics and belief levels stratified by those living with and without HIV. Results Of 982 participants, the median age was 29 years (interquartile range: 26–34); 64.1% were living with HIV, and 9.7% believed HPV causes cancer. Awareness was highest for anal (82.1%) and penile cancers (15.8%) and less so for oropharyngeal and female HPV-associated cancers (range: 3–7%). Anogenital warts increased the odds of awareness for SMM living with HIV (aOR: 6.4, CI: 3.0–13.6) and for individuals without HIV (aOR: 4.8, CI: 1.6–14.2). Living with HIV for over 6 years was independently associated with a two-fold increased knowledge about HPV’s carcinogenicity (aOR: 2.1, CI: 1.1–4.1). Conclusions Awareness of HPV’s carcinogenicity was low; however, those who were aware were more likely to identify male HPV-associated cancers relevant to their own cancer risk. Formalizing targeted education in HIV care settings may promote knowledge and advocacy for prevention strategies.
Surface-sensitive magneto-optical detection of nonequilibrium spins and orbitals
Authors: Choi Gyung-Min , Lee Jieun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The magneto-optical effect provides a direct probing tool for angular momentum in materials and has been used to detect ferromagnetic orders. Notably, owing to its surface sensitivity, the magneto-optical Kerr effect has been extended to detect nonequilibrium spin and orbital accumulations in initially nonmagnetic materials. The spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of spins and orbitals provide key aspects of the generation, transport, and relaxation mechanisms. With an accurate determination of the magneto-optic constant for spin and orbital, a distinctive evaluation of the magnitude of the spin and orbital accumulation is possible. The magneto-optical Kerr effect also allows for the investigation of spin–orbit torque (SOT) in bilayers of nonmagnet and ferromagnet. The SOT enables a quantitative analysis of the generation and transport of spins and orbitals, and the orbital-to-spin conversion process. In this article, we review recent studies on magneto-optical detection of nonequilibrium spin and orbital accumulations in single layers of semiconductors and metals and SOT in bilayers including heavy metals, where spin generation is dominant, and light metals, where orbital generation is dominant.
Transportation behaviour of OH and H2O2 in plasma-treated water
Authors: Poggemann Hanna-Friederike , Schüttler Steffen , Schöne Anna Lena , Jeß Emanuel , Schücke Lars , Jacob Timo , Gibson Andrew R , Golda Judith , Jung Christoph 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The transportation of plasma-generated species through a liquid environment is a key step within the plasma-driven biocatalysis process, but is also of great importance for other systems with plasma–liquid interfaces. The aim of this study is to explore the transportation processes and lifetime of plasma-generated species in an aqueous solution. Therefore, a combination of experimental methods, reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and reaction–diffusion modelling was used. Experimentally, an atmospheric pressure plasma jet was used to treat an aqueous sample. Convective transport was visualized by particle image velocimetry in the plasma-treated water. Chemiluminescence measurements of OH were conducted by the use of luminol and 2D-UV-absorption spectroscopy was used to detect H2O2 in the plasma-treated water. The strength of convective transport was found to decrease with the gas flow rate through the jet, and at low gas flows, an effective diffusion coefficient for H2O2 could be calculated. OH was mainly present at the liquid surface under all treatments investigated. The reactive MD simulations form the basic model of an ideal system, where all transportation is purely diffusion-driven, and molecular diffusion coefficients can be calculated. The results of the MD simulations were compared with the experimental studies to gain a deeper understanding of the differences between the ideal and the real system. To bridge the gap between the time scales of the MD simulations and the experiments, a kinetic model was used to understand the spatio-temporal changes and the influence of transport mechanisms and reaction chemistry. For low flow rate cases good agreement between experimental measurements and kinetic modelling could be obtained when the experimentally measured effective diffusion coefficient was used as input to the model. The differences in the H2O2 concentration profiles in the liquid when using the molecular diffusion coefficient derived from MD and the effective diffusion coefficient from the experimental measurements are highlighted.
Temperature dependent dielectric performance of battery wrapping film for high voltage energy storage
Authors: Mei Hangyue , Wang Qian , Qu Zhanzhan , Chen Hao , Du Gaoxian , Wu Chao , Liang Xidong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The direct connection of Li-ion battery energy storage systems to high voltage (HV) power grids through electronic equipment becomes promising. The overvoltage and high-frequency interference of the electronic circuit may result in thermal runaway of battery cells and insulation failure of battery wrapping film. The key dielectric properties of the wrapping film for energy storage battery are investigated under DC at high frequency and room temperature to elevated temperature. The results indicate that high-frequency electric fields and high temperatures are both adverse to the insulation performance of the wrapping film. Under concurrent high-temperature and high-electric-field conditions, the breakdown strength can decrease by more than 70% compared to that under regular conditions. The analysis of the broadband dielectric response suggests that the interfacial defects inside the wrapping film may play an important role in the degradation of dielectric performance. This research provides theoretical basis for insulation failure and improvement of battery wrapping films used in HV energy storage systems.
A renormalized slip-tube anisotropy model for sliding cross-links in soft gel towards ultrahigh toughness
Authors: Li Ming , Lu Haibao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Adaptive cross-links in polymer networks enable slide-ring and highly entangled gels with excellent mechanical toughness including high extensibility and strong fracture resistance. However, few studies have been conducted to explore the connection between adaptive cross-linking networks and topological structures, and also their deformation mechanism in network structures has not been fully understood. In this study, a renormalized slip-tube anisotropy model is developed to describe the topological polymer networks and understand working principles of adaptive cross-links in topological networks in the sliding gels. Initially, Langevin chain statistics is employed to characterize the stored segment redistribution and large deformation behavior of polymer chains with using an adaptive factor. Moreover, a renormalized slip-tube free energy equation has been formulated by introducing the tube constraint free energy to describing the topological mechanics and thermodynamics for the adaptive cross-linking networks. Furthermore, an anisotropic model is extended to describe the topological networks and mechanical toughening behaviors in sliding gels. Finally, the proposed model has been verified using the experimental results reported in literature, providing a fundamental approach to formulate the topological toughening principle in sliding gels undergoing mechanically adaptive cross-linking.
Advancements in bearing health monitoring and remaining useful life prediction: techniques, challenges, and future directions
Authors: Liu Xinwei , Zhang Zongzhen , Li Zhuoli , Wang Jinrui , Zhu Youfeng , Ma Huijie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in bearing health monitoring and remaining useful life (RUL) prediction. It highlights key innovations in anomaly detection, health indicator construction, degradation modeling, and RUL estimation, examining developments across statistical, machine learning, and deep learning approaches while analyzing their strengths, limitations, and application contexts. Special emphasis is placed on the role of deep learning in capturing complex degradation patterns from multi-dimensional time series data and improving predictive accuracy in dynamic industrial settings. Additionally, this review explores multi-source data fusion techniques, which enhance anomaly detection robustness by integrating information from diverse sensor modalities. By identifying critical challenges and suggesting future research directions, this study aims to advance the development of robust and adaptive prediction models for intelligent maintenance in industrial applications.