bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of prognostic value among echocardiographic surrogates of right ventricular–pulmonary arterial coupling: A three‐dimensional echocardiographic study
Authors: Kuwajima Ken , Ogawa Mana , Ruiz Irving , Yamane Takafumi , Hasegawa Hiroko , Yagi Nobuichiro , Rader Florian , Siegel Robert J. , Shiota Takahiro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesRight ventricular (RV)–pulmonary arterial (PA) coupling is important in various cardiac diseases. Recently, several echocardiographic surrogates for RV–PA coupling have been proposed and reported to be useful in predicting outcomes. However, it remains unclear which surrogate is the most clinically relevant. This study aimed to comprehensively compare the prognostic value of different echocardiographic RV–PA coupling surrogates.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 242 patients with various cardiac conditions who underwent comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography with three‐dimensional RV data. In addition to conventional parameters including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC), and PA systolic pressure (PASP), we analyzed RV free wall and global longitudinal strain (FWLS and GLS). We also obtained RV ejection fraction (RVEF), stroke volume (SV), and end‐systolic volume (ESV) using three‐dimensional RV analysis. RV–PA coupling surrogates were calculated as TAPSE/PASP, FAC/PASP, FWLS/PASP, GLS/PASP, RVEF/PASP, and SV/ESV. The study endpoint was a composite outcome of all‐cause death or cardiovascular hospitalization within 1 year.ResultsIn multivariable analysis, all the RV–PA coupling surrogates were independent predictors of the outcome. Among the surrogates, the model with TAPSE/PASP showed the lowest prognostic value in model fit and discrimination ability, whereas the model with RVEF/PASP exhibited the highest prognostic value. The partial likelihood ratio test indicated that the model with RVEF/PASP was significantly better than the model with TAPSE/PASP (p < .024).ConclusionAll the RV–PA coupling surrogates were independent predictors of the outcome. Notably, RVEF/PASP had the highest prognostic value among the surrogates.
3D‐printed coloured tooth model for inlay preparation in pre‐clinical dental education
Authors: Zeng Yanglin , Ji Xiao , Dong Bo , Zhang Linglin , Zheng Qinghua , Wang Ya , Han Xianglong , Ye Ling , Huang Dingming , Wang Shida 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionAccurate inlay preparation is extremely important in pre‐clinical training. However, there is a lack of tools to guide students to efficiently practise inlay preparation. Therefore, a 3D‐printed coloured tooth model for inlay preparation was designed to guide beginners to practise inlay preparation by themselves according to different colour prompts. This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of using a 3D‐printed coloured tooth model in the pre‐clinical training on inlay preparation.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐eight students in their fourth‐year undergraduate dental program participated in this study. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups for the inlay preparation. Group 1 prepared a plain tooth model for the first and fourth attempts and a 3D‐printed coloured tooth model for the second and third attempts (n = 14). Group 2 prepared four plain tooth models (n = 14). The first and fourth tooth models prepared by both groups were scored using an evaluation system (Fair Grade 2000, NISSIN). Next, questionnaires answered by students were used to evaluate the benefits of using a 3D‐printed coloured tooth model and self‐evaluate hands‐on ability using a grading system (1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = neutral, 4 = disagree, and 5 = strongly disagree). The scores were evaluated statistically using the Mann–Whitney U test, and the given grades are displayed as percentages and mean values.ResultsThere was an overall increase in the clinical confidence of all students after repeated attempts to prepare an inlay; however, students from group 1, who had used the 3D‐printed coloured tooth model, had more positive experiences and comments. The 3D‐printed coloured tooth model for inlay preparation has been widely praised by participants. Comparing the average score of the first and fourth preparations, the average score of group 1 increased by 12% (Ø 54.46 ± 8.33, Ø 61.11 ± 7.13, p = .090), while that of group 2 increased by 0.72% (Ø 56.39 ± 9.59, Ø 56.80 ± 8.46, p = .925).ConclusionStudents favoured the use of the 3D‐printed coloured tooth model, and this improved the average score for inlay preparation. The 3D‐printed coloured tooth model for inlay preparation is expected to play an important role in dental education in the future.
Is it a boy or a girl? Newborn gender and household portfolio decisions
Authors: Arnaboldi Francesca , Beccalli Elena , Gioia Francesca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the role of newborn gender in household investment decisions. Parenting a new baby is associated with a reduction of the share of financial wealth held as cash and an increase in risky investments. The reallocation is however gender‐heterogeneous: the increase in the share of both total and financial wealth allocated to risky assets when parenting girls is reduced for households parenting boys. The effect is driven by the first child. Parents of newborn girls hold riskier portfolios because they make financial decisions influenced by their expectations on the autonomy and financial independence of newborns in adulthood.
Ultrasound‐guided modified subcostal transversus abdominis plane block in a foal undergoing omphalectomy
Authors: López‐Ramis Victor , Santiago‐Llorente Isabel , Manso‐Díaz Gabriel , Arrabé Susana Canfrán , Gómez de Segura Ignacio A. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryA 7‐day‐old, 60 kg, Purebred Spanish Horse filly was referred with the mare to Complutense University of Madrid, Veterinary teaching hospital for elective omphalectomy. Upon admission, clinical examination was unremarkable except for a thickening of the umbilical area. Haematology and biochemistry values were within the normal range. On abdominal ultrasound (US) examination, a well‐defined, rounded (24 mm of diameter) area that contained heterogeneous material with numerous hyperechoic foci with acoustic shadowing was seen within the inner portion of the umbilical pedicle, between both umbilical arteries. Surgical correction with omphalectomy was scheduled. To provide perioperative analgesia, the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block was considered. Under general anaesthesia, TAP block was performed in both left and right hemi‐abdominal walls with a modified subcostal approach with two‐site injections. A spinal needle was inserted under US guidance. During surgery, end‐tidal concentration of isoflurane was maintained at 0.7%–0.9%. Surgery was completed uneventfully and no signs of nociceptive input were observed, suggesting an adequate level of analgesia. Therefore, this TAP block technique may be considered to provide analgesia for surgical procedures involving the abdominal wall in foals.
Enhancing text classification with attention matrices based on BERT
Authors: Yu Zhiyi , Li Hong , Feng Jialin 
Published: November 2023

SummaryText classification is a critical task in the field of natural language processing. While pre‐trained language models like BERT have made significant strides in improving performance in this area, the distinctive dependency information that is present in text has not been fully exploited. Besides, BERT mostly captures phrase‐level information in lower layers, which becomes progressively weaker with the increasing depth of layers. To address these limitations, our work focuses on enhancing text classification through the incorporation of Attention Matrices, particularly in the fine‐tuning process of pre‐trained models like BERT. Our approach, named AM‐BERT, leverages learned dependency relationships as external knowledge to enhance the pre‐trained model by generating attention matrices. In addition, we introduce a new learning strategy that enables the model to retain learned phrase‐level structure information. Extensive experiments and detailed analysis on multiple benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in text classification tasks. Furthermore, we show that AM‐BERT achieves stable performance improvements also in named entity recognition tasks.
Lake browning counteracts cyanobacteria responses to nutrients: Evidence from phytoplankton dynamics in large enclosure experiments and comprehensive observational data
Authors: Lyche Solheim Anne , Gundersen Hege , Mischke Ute , Skjelbred Birger , Nejstgaard Jens C. , Guislain Alexis L. N. , Sperfeld Erik , Giling Darren P. , Haande Sigrid , Ballot Andreas , Moe S. Jannicke , Stephan Susanne , Walles Tim J. W. , Jechow Andreas , Minguez Laetitia , Ganzert Lars , Hornick Thomas , Hansson Truls Hveem , Stratmann Cleo N. , Järvinen Marko , Drakare Stina , Carvalho Laurence , Grossart Hans‐Peter , Gessner Mark O. , Berger Stella A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLakes worldwide are affected by multiple stressors, including climate change. This includes massive loading of both nutrients and humic substances to lakes during extreme weather events, which also may disrupt thermal stratification. Since multi‐stressor effects vary widely in space and time, their combined ecological impacts remain difficult to predict. Therefore, we combined two consecutive large enclosure experiments with a comprehensive time‐series and a broad‐scale field survey to unravel the combined effects of storm‐induced lake browning, nutrient enrichment and deep mixing on phytoplankton communities, focusing particularly on potentially toxic cyanobacterial blooms. The experimental results revealed that browning counteracted the stimulating effect of nutrients on phytoplankton and caused a shift from phototrophic cyanobacteria and chlorophytes to mixotrophic cryptophytes. Light limitation by browning was identified as the likely mechanism underlying this response. Deep‐mixing increased microcystin concentrations in clear nutrient‐enriched enclosures, caused by upwelling of a metalimnetic Planktothrix rubescens population. Monitoring data from a 25‐year time‐series of a eutrophic lake and from 588 northern European lakes corroborate the experimental results: Browning suppresses cyanobacteria in terms of both biovolume and proportion of the total phytoplankton biovolume. Both the experimental and observational results indicated a lower total phosphorus threshold for cyanobacterial bloom development in clearwater lakes (10–20 μg P L−1) than in humic lakes (20–30 μg P L−1). This finding provides management guidance for lakes receiving more nutrients and humic substances due to more frequent extreme weather events.
Stabilisation of soil organic matter with rock dust partially counteracted by plants
Authors: Buss Wolfram , Hasemer Heath , Ferguson Scott , Borevitz Justin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSoil application of Ca‐ and Mg‐rich silicates can capture and store atmospheric carbon dioxide as inorganic carbon but could also have the potential to stabilise soil organic matter (SOM). Synergies between these two processes have not been investigated. Here, we apply finely ground silicate rock mining residues (basalt and granite blend) to a loamy sand in a pot trial at a rate of 4% (equivalent to 50 t ha−1) and investigate the effects of a wheat plant and two watering regimes on soil carbon sequestration over the course of 6 months. Rock dust addition increased soil pH, electric conductivity, inorganic carbon content and soil‐exchangeable Ca and Mg contents, as expected for weathering. However, it decreased exchangeable levels of micronutrients Mn and Zn, likely related to the elevated soil pH. Importantly, it increased mineral‐associated organic matter by 22% due to the supply of secondary minerals and associated sites for SOM sorption. Additionally, in the nonplanted treatments, rock supply of Ca and Mg increased soil microaggregation that subsequently stabilised labile particulate organic matter as organic matter occluded in aggregates by 46%. Plants, however, reduced soil‐exchangeable Mg and Ca contents and hence counteracted the silicate rock effect on microaggregates and carbon within. We suggest this cation loss might be attributed to plant exudates released to solubilise micronutrients and hence neutralise plant deficiencies. The effect of enhanced silicate rock weathering on SOM stabilisation could substantially boost its carbon sequestration potential.
Anti‐inflammatory and healing effect of the polysaccharidic extract of Opuntia ficus‐indica cladodes in cutaneous excisional wounds in rats
Authors: Adjafre Beatriz Lima , Lima Iásly Costa , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes , Lessa Rafael Aires , Cunha Arcelina Pacheco , Pereira Maria Gonçalves , Assreuy Ana Maria Sampaio , Mota Mário Rogério Lima 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the anti‐inflammatory and wound healing effects of the polysaccharide extract from Opuntia ficus‐indica cladodes (TPL‐Ofi) using a rat cutaneous wound model. After anaesthesia, four 7‐mm‐diameter dorsal wounds per animal (n = 6/group for each experimental day of evaluation) were created in female Wistar rats using a surgical punch. The animals were treated topically twice daily with TPL‐Ofi (0.01–1%; treated group) or sterile saline (control group) for a period of 21 days. Ulcerated tissue was collected for analysis of histological parameters (inflammation score, number of polymorphonuclear, mononuclear, fibroblast/myofibroblasts and blood vessels), immunohistochemical (fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF‐2]) and oxidative stress markers (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and glutathione [GSH]). After 21 days of treatment, body weight, net organ weight and plasma biochemical levels were measured. TPL‐Ofi, containing a total carbohydrate content of 65.5% and uronic acid at 2.8%, reduced oedema on the second day and increased the nociceptive threshold on the second and third days. TPL‐Ofi reduced mononuclear infiltrate on the second and MPO activity on the fifth day. TPL‐Ofi increased GSH levels on the second day, as well as fibroblast/myofibroblasts counts, neoangiogenesis and FGF‐2 levels on the fifth and seventh days. No changes were observed in body weight, net organ weight or toxicology assessment. Topical application of TPL‐Ofi exhibited anti‐inflammatory and antinociceptive effects, ultimately improving wound healing in cutaneous wounds.
Corona mortis and pelvic dissection: Understanding the relationship between anatomical structures and bone areas
Authors: David Guillaume , Milliot Nathan , Rony Louis , Fournier Henri‐Dominique , Demondion Xavier , Bernard Florian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPelvic fractures are becoming increasingly frequent. The gold standard for surgical managements remains open procedures. Despite its excellent biomechanically results, it can lead to many complications. Minimally invasive surgery could reduce these complications. For complex pelvic trauma, extraperitoneal endoscopic technique has never been described. The aim of this study is to determine anatomical landmarks which are useful for endoscopic pelvic ring surgery using an extraperitoneal approach. The second objective is to compare this minimally invasive procedure to expose the bone versus a traditional open approach. After preparing the vessels with latex injections, 10 specimens are dissected alternately, using an endoscopic method (MIS) on one side and an open method on the other side. Both procedures are performed on the same subject. The visualized bone areas are drilled with burr holes. The marked surfaces are measured with photogrammetry. Finally, the data are processed (surface analysis). An extraperitoneal endoscopic dissection that follows anatomical landmarks can be performed. Bone area (mm2) visualized by endoscopy was 74 ± 14 (59–94) compared to 71 ± 16 (48–94) by open method. Paired t‐test was performed with no significant difference between the two methods. Skin and muscular incisions were significantly lower in the MIS group (5.1, IC95% [4.1; 6.1], p < 0.001). An extraperitoneal endoscopic dissection of the pelvis can be performed. We also find no significant difference between our method and an open traditional approach concerning bone exposure. We offer a holistic approach to treat pelvic fractures by identifying key anatomical structures.
Reinterpretation of tuberculate cervical vertebrae of Eocene birds as an exceptional anti‐predator adaptation against the mammalian craniocervical killing bite
Authors: Mayr Gerald , Göhlich Ursula B. , Roček Zbyněk , Lemierre Alfred , Winkler Viola , Georgalis Georgios L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report avian cervical vertebrae from the Quercy fissure fillings in France, which are densely covered with villi‐like tubercles. Two of these vertebrae stem from a late Eocene site, another lacks exact stratigraphic data. Similar cervical vertebrae occur in avian species from Eocene fossils sites in Germany and the United Kingdom, but the new fossils are the only three‐dimensionally preserved vertebrae with pronounced surface sculpturing. So far, the evolutionary significance of this highly bizarre morphology, which is unknown from extant birds, remained elusive, and even a pathological origin was considered. We note the occurrence of similar structures on the skull of the extant African rodent Lophiomys and detail that the tubercles represent true osteological features and characterize a distinctive clade of Eocene birds (Perplexicervicidae). Micro‐computed tomography (μCT) shows the tubercles to be associated with osteosclerosis of the cervical vertebrae, which have a very thick cortex and much fewer trabecles and pneumatic spaces than the cervicals of most extant birds aside from some specialized divers. This unusual morphology is likely to have served for strengthening the vertebral spine in the neck region, and we hypothesize that it represents an anti‐predator adaptation against the craniocervical killing bite (“neck bite”) that evolved in some groups of mammalian predators. Tuberculate vertebrae are only known from the Eocene of Central Europe, which featured a low predation pressure on birds during that geological epoch, as is evidenced by high numbers of flightless avian species. Strengthening of the cranialmost neck vertebrae would have mitigated attacks by smaller predators with weak bite forces, and we interpret these vertebral specializations as the first evidence of “internal bony armor” in birds.
Elastogenic potential and antisagging properties of a novel Murraya koenigii extract
Authors: Lorion Chloé , Bardin Viviane , Bonnet Sébastien , Lopez‐Gaydon Amandine , Vogelgesang Boris , Bechetoille Nicolas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe process by which functional elastic fibers are produced, namely elastogenesis, is complex and difficult to assess in vitro. Identifying efficient elasticity‐boosting ingredients thus represents a challenge.AimsThe elasticity‐boosting properties of a novel extract of Murraya koenigii leafy stems were assessed in vitro in 3D culture models before being evaluated in human female volunteers.MethodsSynthesis of elastic fiber related proteins was evaluated in a skin‐equivalent model. Using multiphoton microscopy, the structural organization of elastin deposits was studied within a scaffold‐free dermal microtissue. Biomechanical properties of the 3D microtissue were also measured by atomic force microscopy. In vivo, fringe‐projection and image analysis were used to evaluate nasogenian fold severity in a panel of Caucasian female volunteers. The impact of gravity on visible signs of facial aging was assessed by clinical scoring carried out alternatively in the supine and sitting positions.ResultsWe showed the Murraya koenigii extract increased protein expressions of elastin and fibrillin‐1 in a 3D skin equivalent model. Using scaffold‐free dermal microtissue, we confirmed that Murraya koenigii extract allowed a proper and ordered network of elastin deposits and consequently improved tissue elasticity. Clinical data showed that a twice‐daily application for 98 days of the extract formulated at 1% allowed to visibly reduce nasogenian fold severity, jowl severity and to mitigate the impact of gravity on the facial signs of aging.ConclusionThe newly discovered extract of Murraya koenigii leafy stems represents an innovative antiaging ingredient suited for elasticity‐boosting and antisagging claims.
Competence and perceptions of spiritual care among clinical nurses: A multicentre cross‐sectional study
Authors: Guo Wei , Liu Xue , Zhang Yi , Chen Runan , Qi Wenqian , Deng Jiajia , Cui Jing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsTo identify latent profiles of competence and perceptions of spiritual care among clinical nurses and explore the possible influencing factors.BackgroundUnderstanding nurses' level of spiritual care competence and their perceptions and acceptance of such care is important, which could help devise nurse training programmes to address such competence in clinical nurses. However, research addressing interindividual variability in competence and perceptions among Chinese nurses is lacking.DesignMulticentre cross‐sectional study.MethodsNurses working in departments with critically ill patients from 12 community, 5 secondary and 10 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai completed a demographic information questionnaire and the Chinese versions of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale, Spiritual Care‐Giving Scale and Spiritual Perspectives Scale. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS v26.0 and Mplus version 8.3. Latent profile analysis identified subgroups with different levels of spiritual care competence.ResultsIn total, 1277 Chinese nurses were recruited. Four profiles of competence and perceptions of spiritual care were revealed: Low ability (23.8%), High ability (6.4%), High acceptance (34.9%) and Moderate (34.9%). The level of job position, spiritual care‐related education, hospital grade and nurses' perceptions and perspectives of spiritual care predicted the probability of profile memberships in their competence.ConclusionsThere was heterogeneity in the characteristics of spiritual care competence. Nursing managers can implement individualised interventions, including relevant training, according to the influencing factors of different competence profiles to improve the level of such competence among nurses.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe results provide a new and expanded view of improving nurses' spiritual care competence. Interprofessional collaboration with clinicians, administrators, educators and spiritual leaders can contribute to the development of related education and training.Reporting MethodEQUATOR guidelines, STROBE checklist: cross‐sectional studies.Patient or Public ContributionAll participants were clinical nurses. Participants were informed they could withdraw from the study at any time.
The Fire to Inspire: A Multilevel and Multimethod Investigation of How and When CEO Passion for Organizational Development Impacts Employee Creativity
Authors: Gong Qing , Liu Dong , Chen Xiao‐Ping , Jiang Chunyan , Chen Guoquan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we conceptualize CEO passion for organizational development (CEO POD) as CEOs’ strong inclination to continuously grow and improve their companies, which they find important and fulfilling. We draw from social information processing theory to articulate how and when CEO POD may trickle down to facilitate frontline employees’ creativity. Our research encompasses three studies employing different methodologies, including a multilevel, multisource, and multiphase survey and two vignette‐based experiments. The results consistently support our model, revealing that CEO POD inspires middle managers to exhibit transformational leadership, which subsequently fosters frontline employees’ creativity. Moreover, CEO self‐promotion skills augment the indirect effect of CEO POD on employee creativity via middle managers’ transformational leadership. Our findings generate valuable theoretical and practical implications to leverage CEO POD to foster employees’ creativity in the fast‐changing business environment.