bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wafer‐Scale Two‐Dimensional Semiconductors for Deep UV Sensing
Authors: Shiffa Mustaqeem , Dewes Benjamin T. , Bradford Jonathan , Cottam Nathan D. , Cheng Tin S. , Mellor Christopher J. , Makarovskiy Oleg , Rahman Kazi , O'Shea James N. , Beton Peter H. , Novikov Sergei V. , Ben Teresa , Gonzalez David , Xie Jiahao , Zhang Lijun , Patanè Amalia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract2D semiconductors (2SEM) can transform many sectors, from information and communication technology to healthcare. To date, top‐down approaches to their fabrication, such as exfoliation of bulk crystals by “scotch‐tape,” are widely used, but have limited prospects for precise engineering of functionalities and scalability. Here, a bottom‐up technique based on epitaxy is used to demonstrate high‐quality, wafer‐scale 2SEM based on the wide band gap gallium selenide (GaSe) compound. GaSe layers of well‐defined thickness are developed using a bespoke facility for the epitaxial growth and in situ studies of 2SEM. The dominant centrosymmetry and stacking of the individual van der Waals layers are verified by theory and experiment; their optical anisotropy and resonant absorption in the UV spectrum are exploited for photon sensing in the technological UV‐C spectral range, offering a scalable route to deep‐UV optoelectronics.
CoOx@NiMoN/Ti3C2Tx Interface for Stable High‐Performance Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Jayaraman Venkatesan , Sivagurunathan Amarnath T. , Adhikari Sangeeta , Kim Do‐Heyoung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTransition metal nitrides (TMNs) are promising electrode materials for use in high‐performance electrochemical energy storage devices due to their unique properties, which include a high conductivity, pseudocapacitance, and energy density. However, structural instability during electrochemical reactions has limited their practical deployment for energy storage devices. In this context, the present study fabricated a CoOx@NiMoN/Ti3C2Tx electrode via in situ growth on Ni foam using hydrothermal treatment with post‐nitrogenization. The effect of atomic layer deposition (ALD) of CoOx on the TMN/Ti3C2Tx interface and the consequent electrochemical charge storage mechanisms are investigated in detail. The proposed CoOx@NiMoN/Ti3C2Tx electrode delivers an impressive specific capacity in a 2 m potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte and is then employed in both a hybrid solid‐state supercapacitor (HSSC) with reduced graphene oxide and a symmetric SC in a 2 m KOH + polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel electrolyte. Outstanding charge storage and high capacity retention during cyclic testing are observed for both energy storage devices. The exceptional electrochemical performance of the fabricated electrode is a result of its high conductivity and high number of active sites. Here a feasible new strategy is demonstrated for the fabrication of stable energy storage devices with a high energy density using TMNs and MXenes.
Fluoride removal using activated red mud
Authors: Mohan Devendra , Goyal Harsh , Kushwaha Rohit , Markandeya  , Shukla Sheo Prasad , Srivastava Vikas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGroundwater contamination with fluoride is a cause of concern worldwide. This study was aimed to explore the feasibility of activated red mud (ARM) for adsorption of fluoride from aqueous solutions. The morphology of the adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscope and elemental composition was analyzed using X‐ray fluorescence. Parameters such as pH and adsorbent dose were optimized to achieve maximum removal efficiency. Maximum removal efficiency of 96% was obtained at pH 7 with an adsorbent dose of 20 g/L. The isotherm and kinetic studies revealed that Langmuir isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic models best explained the adsorption process. The study established that ARM could be an environment‐friendly and efficient adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from water.
Reading Comprehension and the COVID‐19 Pandemic: What Happened and What Can We Do About It?
Authors: Almasi Janice F. , Yuan Dongyang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCovid‐19‐related school closures worldwide had an enormous impact on literacy instruction and learning. In this article, we share an overview of what research tells us about what happened to elementary learners' reading comprehension during these school closures and what reading comprehension instruction looked like in homes and schools during this time. We also provide recommendations for the path forward on the road to revitalizing reading comprehension achievement.
Fully developed opposing mixed convection of a Jeffery tri‐hybrid nanofluid between two parallel inclined plates subjected to wall‐slip condition
Authors: Bibi Aneela , Xu Hang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe analyze the effect of wall slip on the fully developed reverse mixed convection of Jeffery nanofluids between two inclined parallel plates with uniform wall heat flux conditions. The theory of tri‐hybrid water‐based nanoparticles with unique shapes, namely, cylindrical (copper), spherical (titanium oxide), and platelet (aluminum oxide) for heat transfer enhancement is utilized since it has better heat performance applicable in a dynamic of fuels and coolant in automobiles as compared with regular Newtonian fluid and nanofluid. The equations describing the above transport phenomena are nondimensional through appropriate scale transformations. Analytical solutions for velocity, temperature, and pressure distributions are obtained. Four different flow regimes including no reversal, bottom reversal, top reversal, and on both walls reversal are found for different combinations of buoyancy and pressure. Particularly, we notice that the wall slip significantly affects flow reversal. Furthermore, we notice that Magyari 's conclusion that the results of the homogeneous nanofluid flow model can be recovered from the corresponding Newtonian fluid model has great limitations. Besides, the effect of several physical factors on velocity and temperature distributions and important physical quantities, including skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number, are analyzed and graphically discussed.
Contradictions and Opportunities in Contexts of Everyday Leadership in Education
Authors: Simola Mari , Ahtiainen Raisa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we focus on the emergence of contradictions and opportunities in everyday leadership in five comprehensive schools. We discuss how principals, teacher-members of leadership groups and teachers with no leadership responsibilities understand and conceptualise leadership work, their relationships with each other and the practices of the school. Leadership and schooling are understood as contextual practices taking place in situated, professional, material and external elements of contexts. Power is seen as an essential part of leadership, existing in relationships and interaction, and through shared understandings, values and practices. The data were collected in five schools in Southern Finland in 2018 and consist of five interviews with principals (n = 5) and five group interviews with leadership group member teachers (n = 21) and five with teachers (n = 26). We approached the data by asking: How do the respondent groups define the leadership and the school-level practices stemming from that, and how do they describe the contradictions and opportunities for leadership in their school contexts? The results unravel a range of situations and positionings of leadership in Finnish schools indicating the nature of nonuniformity of the comprehensive school system.
Principals’ Perceptions of Their Work During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Elomaa Mailis , Pakarinen Eija , Eskelä-Haapanen Sirpa , Lerkkanen Marja-Kristiina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to describe school principals’ perceptions of the changes and challenges they faced during the COVID-19 pandemic and what kinds of support and new competences they found important for managing their work. Fifty-five Finnish principals completed an online questionnaire that included open-ended questions. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that principals experienced changes mainly in their workload, in the nature of their work, and at an individual level, such as in family-work balance and increased motivation. Information and communication technology skills were mentioned most often as new skills needed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, though some principals argued that no new skills were needed. Principals highly valued support from the school community through discussions, flexibility, and teamwork, as well as clear instructions and guidelines from the upper-level administration. The results help in planning crisis leadership to ensure the continuity of high-quality education during exceptional circumstances. As other educational crises may follow the COVID-19 pandemic and crisis and change management are essential skills for principals, these skills should be taken into account when revising the pre- and in-service training curricula.
Towards a Multi-form Professional Development of Educational Leadership
Authors: Hanhimäki Eija , Alho Janni , Nuora Piia , Risku Mika , Fonsén Elina , Mäkiharju Alex , Smeds-Nylund Ann-Sofie , Autio Petra , Korva Saana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter aims to investigate the professional development of educational leadership based on the need to define and develop leadership in educational organisations that are in the middle of complex challenges and changing operational environments. The data of this study were collected through interviews and project descriptions of the key actors of the four key projects of the Ministry of Education and Culture, Finland. The data were analysed using problem-driven qualitative content analysis with inductive reasoning. The main results included both the common aspects, such as the development of education in educational leadership, and more project-specific aspects, such as an emphasis on the specific context, in these projects. Furthermore, it was found that the professional development of educational leadership could be supported when, for example, the need for flexibility and supportive networks are recognised. In addition, when describing the holistic development of the professional leadership in education, it is crucial to provide multi-form and equal development opportunities to individuals and communities at every level and in all leadership positions during their entire careers. The results of these development experiments can help both national and international audiences in the professional development of educational leadership in their educational systems.
Service Design Thinking Method for Educational Leaders
Authors: Suoheimo Mari , Määttä Kaarina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLeading educational work can be a challenge as it includes guiding many different stakeholder groups. This study presents the service design process used to develop a service mobile application aimed at supporting the work of school principals in Finnish Lapland. Design thinking and Double Diamond are co-creative processes used by service designers to approach problems. In these processes, users play a central role in co-designing the service together with the service designers and other relevant stakeholders. This chapter describes the design thinking and Double Diamond methods in more detail and suggests how they can be utilised in the field of educational leadership by using participatory approaches to deal with complex social issues. While design thinking has been implemented widely in management education, it has rarely been applied to educational leadership. However, schools can be viewed as services where several interactions take place and where value is co-created. This study investigates how service design thinking can be applied in educational leadership. The data are based on focus groups and a research diary with field notes. A detailed literature review on how service design has been utilised in educational leadership is also included.
The Why, Where, How and What of Curriculum Leadership: A Non-affirmative Approach
Authors: Uljens Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe movement from a social-democratic welfare state towards a neoliberal competition state since the 1990s in Europe required a multi-level perspective to understand the dynamics within and relations between macro-level educational governance and micro-level educational leadership. The chapter starts with critiquing initiatives to handle this multi-level nature of leadership. First, the limit of universalist multi-level models is that they are educationally unarticulated, while particularist approaches are typically specialised on either curriculum or leadership of teaching. Second, instrumental and normative approaches in turn are problematic in education for a political democracy. To overcome these dilemmas, the chapter argues that curriculum leadership theory needs to explain (a) the societal task of education (the why and where of educational leadership), (b) the pedagogical nature of leadership interactions (the how of educational leadership) and (c) the object led or the teaching-studying-learning process (the what of educational leadership). To this end, this chapter outlines how Bildung-centred non-affirmative education theory (NAT) offers fruitful concepts for approaching the pedagogical dimensions of educational leaders’ curriculum work.
Evaluating Scientific Tourism Potential for Nature-Based Destinations: Expert Validation and Field Testing of Criteria and Indicators in the Aysén Región of Chilean Patagonia
Authors: Veloso Katerina , Bourlon Fabien , Szmulewicz Pablo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe evolution of tourists’ motivations is generating new approaches to tourism. One of them is scientific tourism (ST), which involves travel experiences with a focus on participation in scientific studies of various disciplines. ST has evolved significantly over the last decade in ChileanPatagonia, driven by public policies and the interest of various academic and private actors. These actors argue that involving travelers in research initiatives taking place in Patagonian destinations allows them to develop lasting connections with the heritage and institutions of these territories. This chapter presents an innovative process, including stakeholder identification, semi-structured survey interviews, and document analysis, to develop a matrix of weighted criteria to assess the potential for sustainable ST development within a destination. The process involves weighing four criteria: scientific research possibilities, supply of services to support scientific travel, value chain coordination, and current demand for ST in the destination. Each of these criteria is operationalized through a set of indicators that make it possible to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for the sustainable development of scientific tourism services in the destination. Then, the method is field tested in the Aysén Region of Chilean Patagonia, affording the opportunity to further evaluate its assessment capacity.
Catalyzing Holistic Conservation-Based Development Through Ethical Travel Experiences Rooted in the Bioculture of Patagonia’s Subantarctic Natural Laboratories
Authors: Gale-Detrich Trace , Sánchez Jardón Laura , Adiego Andrés , Rozzi Ricardo , Maldonado Pamela , Navarrete Almonacid Matías , Coloma Zapata José , Hernández Soto Diego , Mora Chepo Manuel , Cancino Salas Ronald , Bourlon Fabien , Villa-Martínez Rodrigo , Moldenhauer Ortega Lorna , Henríquez V. Carla 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSynchronous losses of biological, linguistic, and cultural diversity are contributing to processes ofbiocultural homogenization, a persistent downgrading in how people perceive biodiversity, environmental, and cultural conditions, and what they consider asnormal.Some have linked biocultural homogenization with neoliberal practices that emphasize standardization and efficiencies in order to enhance capital accumulation. In Chile, which is highly centralized, urban, and centered around neoliberal development,biocultural homogenizationis especially concerning, as it may lower support for conservation. Thus, when thinking about conservation-based development in Patagonia, locally driven initiatives that foster biocultural reawakening, democratize science, and catalyze sustainable development, might help address biocultural homogenization and build conservation support. This mixed-methods, intrinsic case study explored three initiatives underway in the Aysén and Magallanes regions of Chile that address some of these outcomes: (1) Subantarctic Natural Laboratories; (2) 3-Hs Biocultural Ethic and FEP Cycle Approach; and (3) Scientific Tourism Collaborative Learning Networks. We sought to better understand their methods and implementations and explore how their integration might strengthen conservation-based development in Patagonia, through ethical travel experiences rooted in the bioculture of local communities. Results suggest promise for a combined approach; thus, additional research and consideration are merited.
Connectivity, Tourism, and Conservation: From Extractive Appropriation to Socio-Environmental Reappropriation of Nature in Aysén
Authors: Muñoz Rebolledo María Dolores , Rossetti Fulvio , Torres-Salinas Robinson , Urrutia Reveco Santiago 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores how connectivity has interacted with tourism and nature conservation in the Aysén region of ChileanPatagonia, and some of the social, environmental, and territorial issues that have arisen from this articulation. We posit that the Longitudinal Austral Highway (Carretera Austral, in Spanish), as a road that facilitates connectivity and access to natural environments throughout the Aysén region, has operated as the mobilizing axis for different processes of valuing and appropriating nature. We argue that the links between connectivity, tourism, and conservation have changed over time, as actors’ material and symbolic appropriations of nature in Patagonia have evolved. Our goal with this chapter is to inform ongoing Chilean debate about the ways in which nature should be valued as the country moves forward. Our case study research identifies and discusses the new social, environmental, and territorial processes brought about by the Carretera Austral and the consequent resignification and reappropriation of nature that has occurred in Aysén. We base our case study on review of secondary data sources including public reports, plans, and policies related to the Carretera Austral and territorial development, as well as scholarly research on related topics, including values, identity, territorial transformation, and heritage.
Geographic Imaginaries in Dispute in Northern Patagonia: Tourism, Environmental Conservation, and Indigenous Territorial Rights in Quinquén, Chile
Authors: Sepúlveda Bastien , Martínez-Berríos Nelson 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we pose that tourism participates in a process of reterritorialization, in dialogue with past and present dynamics of deterritorialization, and arises from the actions of diverse powers that constrain Indigenous agency. We discuss tourism both as a window that reveals the tensions between environmentalconservation and Indigenous territorial rights and as a socio-political process that could resolve them. Methodologically, this work reflects extensive bibliographical review, document analysis, and fieldwork that has been conducted through numerous periodic stays in Quinquén and other Pewenche communities. First, we explore a theoretical perspective of the production of geographical imaginaries and its applications in Northern Patagonia. Next, we analyze the dual processes of exploitation/protection of the Araucaria, contextualizing them within the framework of the territorial dispossession that affected the Pewenche in the upper basin of the Bío-Bío River, an area of Chile located in the mountainous communes of Lonquimay, in the Araucanía Region, and Alto Bío-Bío, in the Bío-Bío Region, where 54% and 83% of the population identify themselves as Pewenche, respectively. This chapter continues with consideration of the Quinquén territory of northern Chilean Patagonia, where the Pewenche struggle for the Araucaria tree has resulted in a tourism development project.
Dynamical analysis of an age-space structured malaria epidemic model
Authors: Wang Jinliang , Cao Meiyu , Kuniya Toshikazu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we will revisit the model studied in Lou and Zhao (J Math Biol 62:543–568, 2011), where the model takes the form of a nonlocal and time-delayed reaction–diffusion model arising from the fixed incubation period. We consider the infection age to be a continuous variable but without the limitation of the fixed incubation period, leading to an age-space structured malaria model in a bounded domain. By performing the elementary analysis, we investigate the well-posedness of the model by proving the global existence of the solution, define the explicit formula of basic reproduction number when all parameters remain constant. By analyzing the characteristic equations and designing suitable Lyapunov functions, we also establish the threshold dynamics of the constant disease-free and positive equilibria. Our theoretical results are also validated by numerical simulations for 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional domains.
Compositional truth with propositional tautologies and quantifier-free correctness
Authors: Wcisło Bartosz 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn Cieśliński (J Philos Logic 39:325–337, 2010), Cieśliński asked whether compositional truth theory with the additional axiom that all propositional tautologies are true is conservative over Peano Arithmetic. We provide a partial answer to this question, showing that if we additionally assume that truth predicate agrees with arithmetical truth on quantifier-free sentences, the resulting theory is as strong as $$\Delta _0$$

Δ
0

-induction for the compositional truth predicate, hence non-conservative. On the other hand, it can be shown with a routine argument that the principle of quantifier-free correctness is itself conservative.
Vibronic dynamics from real-time time-dependent density-functional theory coupled to the Ehrenfest scheme: the example of p-coumaric acid
Authors: Guerrini Michele , Krumland Jannis , Cocchi Caterina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe investigate the vibronic dynamics of a modified version of the p-coumaric acid using real-time time-dependent density-functional theory coupled with the Ehrenfest scheme in the adiabatic local density approximation. Due to the issues of this functional to yield a reliable starting point for the evolution of the electron-nuclear system triggered by a pulse, we start off the simulations constraining the electronic occupation of the molecule in two excited states corresponding to a bright, delocalized transition, and a dark, charge-transfer-like excitation. By monitoring the kinetic energy spectral density, we analyze the nature of the nuclear motion over a time window of 300 fs. Anharmonic effects appear at low frequencies, below 500 cm$$^{-1}$$

-
1

, and are particularly pronounced in the charge-transfer excitation. In this case, after about 200 fs, the molecular backbone becomes largely distorted and the initially constrained occupations evolve toward a different electronic configuration. On the other hand, the dynamics initialized from the delocalized bright excitation are electronically and structurally stable, and the resulting nuclear motion is markedly harmonic. Our results provide indications to decipher the vibronic dynamics of this chromophore and related systems in view of more elaborated simulations embedding the molecules in a realistic environment.