bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of soft robotic exoskeleton for gait training on clinical and biomechanical gait outcomes in patients with sub-acute stroke: a randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Xie Ruimou , Zhang Yanlin , Jin Hainan , Yang Fei , Feng Yutong , Pan Yu 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundAnkle function impairment is a critical factor impairing normal walking in survivors of stroke. The soft robotic exoskeleton (SRE) is a novel, portable, lightweight assistive device with promising therapeutic potential for gait recovery during post-stroke rehabilitation. However, whether long-term SRE-assisted walking training influences walking function and gait quality in patients following subacute stroke is unknown. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic effects of SRE-assisted walking training on clinical and biomechanical gait outcomes in the rehabilitation of patients with subacute stroke.MethodsA group patients who had experienced subacute stroke received conventional rehabilitation (CR) training combined with 10-session SRE-assisted overground walking training (30 min per session, 5 sessions/week, 2 weeks) (SRE group, n = 15) compared with the control group that received CR training only (CR group, n = 15). Clinical assessments and biomechanical gait quality measures were performed pre-and post-10-session intervention, with the 10-Minute Walk Test (10MWT) and 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) used to define the primary clinical outcome measures and the Functional Ambulation Category, Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Lower Extremity (FMA-LE) subscale, and Berg Balance Scale defined the secondary outcome measures. The gait quality outcome measures included spatiotemporal and symmetrical parameters during walking.ResultsAfter the 10-session intervention, the SRE and CR groups exhibited significant within-group improvements in all clinical outcome measures (p &lt; 0.05). Between-comparison using covariance analyses demonstrated that the SRE group showed greater improvement in walking speed during the 10MWT (p &lt; 0.01), distance walked during the 6MWT (p &lt; 0.05), and FMA-LE scores (p &lt; 0.05). Gait analyses showed that the SRE group exhibited significantly improved spatiotemporal symmetry (p &lt; 0.001) after 10-session training, with no significant changes observed in the CR group.ConclusionCompared with CR training, SRE-assisted walking training led to greater improvements in walking speed, endurance, and motor recovery. Our findings provide preliminary evidence that SRE may be considered for inclusion in intensive gait training clinical rehabilitation programs to further improve walking function in patients who have experienced stroke.
Uptake of Pu(IV) by hardened cement paste in the presence of gluconate at high and low ionic strengths
Authors: Stietz J. , Amayri S. , Häußler V. , Prieur D. , Reich T. 
Published: November 2023

The uptake of Pu(IV) by hardened cement paste (HCP) at degradation state I was investigated in the absence and presence of gluconate (GLU). Furthermore, the influence of the ionic strength was examined in different background electrolytes. Artificial cement pore water (ACW, pH = 13) was used for low ionic strength (I = 0.3 M), and cement pore water based on the diluted caprock solution (ACW-VGL, pH = 12.5) was used for high ionic strength (I = 2.5 M). Sorption experiments were performed under an Ar atmosphere using HCP in the HCP/GLU binary system ([GLU]0 = 1 × 10−1–1 × 10−8 M) and the HCP/Pu(IV)/GLU ternary system ([239Pu(IV)]0 = 1 × 10−8 M, [GLU]0 = 1 × 10−2 M) with solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratios of 0.5–50 g L–1 within a contact time of 72 h. GLU sorbs strongly on HCP; a saturation of the sorption sites of HCP with GLU was observed at [GLU] ≥ 1 × 10−4 M at S/L = 5 g L–1. The effects of the order of addition of the components Pu(IV) and GLU on the sorption of Pu(IV) on HCP were investigated. In the absence of GLU, a quantitative uptake (S% ≥ 99%) of Pu(IV) by HCP was observed, independent of the ionic strength of the background electrolytes. In the presence of 1 × 10−2 M GLU, the sorption of Pu(IV) on HCP was significantly lower. For X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements, powder samples with Pu ([239Pu(III)]0 = 5 × 10−6 M) sorbed on HCP (S/L = 2.5 g L–1) were prepared at pH ≈ 13 in ACW and ACW-VGL, respectively. One additional sample was prepared in the presence of GLU ([GLU]0 = 1 × 10−2 M) with ACW-VGL as the electrolyte for comparison. Pu LIII-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra show that Pu is in the tetravalent oxidation state after being taken up by the HCP. The structural parameters obtained from extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis and comparison with literature indicate incorporation of Pu(IV) into the calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) phases of HCP. The different ionic strengths and the presence of GLU had no influence on the near-neighbor environment of Pu in HCP.
The association of blood metals with latent tuberculosis infection among adults and adolescents
Authors: Wu Jinyi , Wang Kai , Tao Fengxi , Li Qingwen , Luo Xin , Xia Fang 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the relationship of metal exposure and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among US adults and adolescents.MethodsParticipants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES 2011 ~ 2012) were included. Multiple logistic regression models were used to explore the associations between metal exposure and LTBI. A total of 5,248 adults and 1,860 adolescents were included in the present analysis.ResultsFor adults, we only found a positive association between total mercury and LTBI (OR: 1.411; 95% CI: 1.164 ~ 1.710) when used as a continuous variable. Compared with Q1, Q4 increased the prevalence of LTBI (2.303; 1.455 ~ 3.644) when used as a quartile. The OR of total mercury and LTBI was higher among females (1.517; 1.009 ~ 2.279), individuals aged 45 ~ 64 (1.457; 1.060 ~ 2.002), and non-Hispanic White individuals (1.773; 1.316 ~ 2.388). A relationship was observed among only participants with obesity (1.553; 1.040 ~ 2.319) or underweight (1.380; 1.076 ~ 1.771), with college or above (1.645; 1.184 ~ 2.286), with PIR &gt; 3.0 (1.701; 1.217 ~ 2.376), reported smoking (1.535; 1.235 ~ 1.907) and drinking (1.464; 1.232 ~ 1.739). For adolescents, blood manganese was positively associated with LTBI. The OR and 95% CIs for each one-unit increase in the log-transformed level of blood manganese with LTBI were 9.954 (1.389 ~ 71.344).ConclusionSignificant associations were observed in girls, aged ≥12 years and in the non-Hispanic white population. In conclusion, total mercury is associated with an increased prevalence of LTBI among adults and positive association between blood manganese and LTBI was observed among adolescents. Further studies should be conducted to verify the results and explore potential biological mechanisms.
Acidification of intracellular pH in MM tumor cells overcomes resistance to hypoxia-mediated apoptosis in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Gastelum Gilberto , Kraut Jeffry , Veena Mysore , Baibussinov Alisher , Lamb Christopher , Lyons Kylee , Chang Eric Y. , Frost Patrick 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionMultiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer of malignant plasma cells that engraft in the bone marrow (BM). It is more than likely that the poorly investigated physical parameters of hypoxia and pH in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for MM survival. Here, we explore the effects of a hypoxic environment on pH regulation and its role in MM survival.MethodsWe used in vitro models of MM, in which the culturing medium was modified to specific pH and pO2 levels and then measured the effects on cell survival that was correlated with changes in intracellular (pHi) and extracellular pH (pHe). In a MM xenograft model, we used PET/CT to study hypoxia-mediated effects on tumor growth. ResultsHypoxia-mediated apoptosis of MM cells is correlated with acidic intracellular pHi (less than &lt; 6.6) that is dependent on HIF activity. Using a polyamide HIF responsive element binding compound, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (acetazolamide), and an NHE-1 inhibitor (amiloride) acidified the pHi and lead to cell death. In contrast, treatment of cells with an alkalization agent, Na-lactate, rescued these cells by increasing the pHi (pH &gt; 6.6). Finally, treatment of mice with acetazolamide decreased cell growth in the tumor nodules. DiscussionTargeting hypoxia and HIF have been proposed as an anti-tumor therapy but the clinical efficacy of such strategies are modest. We propose that targeting the pHi may be more effective at treating cancers within a hypoxic TME.
A post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Authors: Koshe Tura , Jarso Mohammedamin Hajure , Walde Mandaras Tariku , Ebrahim Jemal , Mamo Aman , Esmael Adem , Wedajo Lema Fikadu , Seife Solomon , Mohammedhussein Mustefa , Nigatu Desalegn , Debele Gebiso Roba , Gezmu Wubishet 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionDespite the prevalence of post-traumatic disorder in internally displaced persons, which is well established, and the fact that respective international organizations are working on the issues, little attention is given in the context of sub-Saharan Africa, This study aims to review the available data about the prevalence and determinants of post-traumatic stress disorders among internally displaced people in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsStudies published in the English language that have a clear outcome of interest and are available in full text were included. Six electronic databases were searched to identify published studies on the prevalence and determinants of posttraumatic stress disorder among IDPs in sub-Saharan Africa. This includes PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, PsychInfo, and the Web of Science. All relevant studies till June, 2023 were assessed. The review was done as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA-2009) and registered on PROSPERO (CRD420222997111).ResultsOriginally, 33,138 articles were found in six databases, and finally, eleven studies were reviewed. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in sub-Saharan African countries was disproportionately presented in this review, ranging from 12.3% in Central Sudan to 85.5% in Nigeria. From a total of 11 studies, eight of them reported more than 50% of the magnitude of post-traumatic stress disorder, pointing to a higher magnitude of the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorders in the region. The study identified numerous factors that contributed to post-traumatic stress disorder among the internally displaced population. Female gender, depression, anxiety, stress, being single, low level of educational status, experiencing or witnessing traumatic events, and psychological trauma were evidenced for their association with post-traumatic stress disorder.ConclusionThese results demonstrate a higher prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder compared to other regions of the world. The participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, including age, being single, being female, and a low level of education, were identified as factors contributing to PTSD. Moreover, the review identified that depression, anxiety, and experiencing or witnessing traumatic events were also influencing factors for PTSD among IDPs. The concerned bodies need to reinforce the monitoring and evaluation of the mental health programs of IDPs in the region.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=299711, CRD42022299711.
Effects of Linpan nature therapy on health benefits in older women with and without hypertension
Authors: Ye Xiang , Dou Zhiwen , Jiang Mingyan , Luo Zhenghua , Li Mao , Tang Haixiong , Huang Xiao , Wang Yuqian , Dong Liwei , Mao Xiaoguang , Feng Yu 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundNature therapy can significantly benefit the physiology and psychology of middle-aged and older people, but previous studies have focused on forest environments. The restoration potential of rural environments in urban fringe areas, which are more accessible to older people on a daily basis, has not been fully studied. This study assessed the effects of nature therapy on the physical and mental health of older women in a rural setting (locally known as Linpan) in the urban fringe area of Chengdu, China.MethodsWe recruited a total of 60 older women (65.3 ± 5.5 years old) living in cities for 3 days of nature therapy in the winter (30 subjects) and spring (30 subjects), including 20 hypertensive patients.ResultsThe results showed that the overall blood pressure, pulse and sleep dysfunction rating scores of the participants were significantly lower than the pretest levels, and the finger blood oxygen saturation, mid-day salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol were increased post-treatment. Increases in these biomarker indicates and increase in stress. There were significant differences in the changes in systolic blood pressure between the hypertension group (HTN) and the normal group (normal) (HTN decreased by 8.8%, normal decreased by 5.4%), salivary alpha-amylase content (HTN decreased by 0.3%, normal increased by 16.9%), and sleep dysfunction rating scores (HTN decreased by 59.6%, normal decreased by 54%). The decreases in systolic blood pressure and pulse in the winter group were higher than those in the spring group by 1.8 and 4.4%, respectively, while the increases in salivary alpha-amylase content and salivary cortisol content were lower than those in the spring group by 11.7 and 11.2%, respectively, and the decrease in sleep dysfunction rating scores was lower than that in the spring group by 7.1%.ConclusionOur study concluded that nature therapy based on various health activities in the Linpan has significant health effects on older women. It can regulate blood pressure and pulse in older women, relieve cardiovascular disease, improve sleep quality. Meanwhile, older women with high blood pressure experienced a more significant effect than the healthy group.
Assessment of glyphosate and its metabolites’ residue concentrations in cultured African Catfish offered for sale in selected markets in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Alarape Selim Adewale , Fagbohun Adekemi Florence , Ipadeola Oladeni Adegoke , Adeigbo Anthony Ayodeji , Adesola Ridwan Olamilekan , Adeyemo Olanike Kudirat 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Glyphosate is a non-targeted organophosphate insecticide whose solubility and mobility in hydrophilic solvents enable its rapid leaching into the soil and subsequent contamination of ground and surface water and possible build-up in the aquatic food chain. Based on the public health importance of glyphosate in fish through consumption, it is crucial to determine the current residue concentration in culture Clarias gariepinus species. The aim of the present study is to evaluate glyphosate’s residue concentrations and its metabolites in cultured African Catfish offered for sale in selected markets in Ibadan.Methods: A total of twenty-five (25) adult Clarias gariepinus (300 ± 50 g) were sourced from five (5) selected active fish markets (Ojoo, Iwo road, Eleyele, Challenge, and Apata) within the Ibadan metropolis. The collected fish tissue samples (liver, kidney, and spleen) were prepared for glyphosate residue concentration analysis using Liquid Chromatography (LC).Results: The results showed that glyphosate residues were recorded in all the seventy-five (75) fish tissue samples obtained from the selected fish markets in the Ibadan metropolis and all residue concentrations were above both the recommended Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 1.0 mg/kg (1 × 10−3 mg/L) and Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) of 0.01 mg/kg (1 × 10−5 mg/L). Isopropylamine has the highest residue concentration followed by N-Phosphonomethyl and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA), while N-Acetyl Glyphosate has the least residue concentration across the sampled markets.Discussion: The presence of residues of glyphosate and its metabolites in ready-to-eat fish calls for holistic, systematic, and effective risk management strategies towards monitoring pesticide/herbicide usage in aquaculture production and ensuring the provision of wholesome fish and fish products for the consumers.
Two New Nematode Species, Desmolaimus magnus sp. nov. (Monhysterida, Linhomoeidae) and Metadesmolaimus robustus sp. nov. (Monhysterida, Xyalidae), from the Yellow Sea, China with Phylogenetic Analyses within Linhomoeidae and Xyalidae
Authors: Guo Wen , Meng Zhiyu , Wang Chunming 
Published: November 2023

Two new species are described from the Rizhao coast along the Yellow Sea. Desmolaimus magnus sp. nov. is characterized by its relatively large body size, faintly striated cuticle, four long cephalic setae, a wide buccal cavity with cuticularized transverse rings, an amphidial fovea at the junction of the buccal cavity and pharynx, a pharynx without a bulb, curved spicules, a gubernaculum with a dorso–caudal apophysis, and an elongated conical tail. Metadesmolaimus robustus sp. nov. is characterized by its relatively large body size, coarsely striated cuticle, spacious buccal cavity with cuticularized rings, six inner labial sensilla setiform, six outer labial setae, and four long cephalic setae. The pharynx is notably muscularized, and the spicules are straight and jointed with a slightly swollen proximal end and a hooked distal end. The gubernaculum is brownish and comma–shaped, and the tail is conico–cylindrical with terminal setae. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum–likelihood and Bayesin inference, based on small subunit and D2–D3 fragment of large subunit rDNA sequences, place Desmolaimus magnus sp. nov. within the framework of the family Linhomoeidae and Metadesmolaimus robustus sp. nov. within Xyalidae. Topology trees at the family level show genera Desmolaimus and Metadesmolaimus as paraphyletic groups, the genus Terschellingia as a monophylectic group, the genus Theristus as a monophylectic group based on SSU sequence, the genus Daptonema as a monophylectic group based on LSU sequence.
A WISPR of the Venus Surface: Analysis of the Venus Nightside Thermal Emission at Optical Wavelengths
Authors: Lustig-Yaeger J. , Izenberg N. R. , Gilmore M. S. , Mayorga L. C. , May E. M. , Vourlidas A. , Hess P. , Wood B. E. , Howard R. A. , Raouafi N. E. , Arney G. N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Parker Solar Probe (PSP) conducted several flybys of Venus while using Venus’ gravity for orbital adjustments to enable its daring passes of the Sun. During these flybys, PSP turned to image the nightside of Venus using the Wide-field Imager for Solar PRobe (WISPR) optical telescopes, which unexpectedly observed Venus’ surface through its thick and cloudy atmosphere in a theorized, but until-then unobserved near-visible spectral window below 0.8 μm. We use observations taken during PSP’s fourth Venus gravity assist flyby to examine the origin of the Venus nightside flux and confirm the presence of this new atmospheric window through which to observe the surface geology of Venus. The WISPR images are well explained by emission from the hot Venus surface escaping through a new atmospheric window in the optical with an overlying emission component from the atmosphere at the limb that is consistent with O2 nightglow. The surface thermal emission correlates strongly with surface elevation (via temperature) and emission angle. Tessera and plains units have distinct WISPR brightness values. Controlling for elevation, Ovda Regio tessera is brighter than Thetis Regio; likewise, the volcanic plains of Sogolon Planitia are brighter than the surrounding regional plains units. WISPR brightness at 0.8 μm is predicted to be positively correlated to FeO content in minerals; thus, the brighter units may have a different starting composition, be less weathered, or have larger particle sizes.
Development of a Competency-Based Triage Education Application and Usability Testing for Triage Training Based on the Korean Triage and Acuity Scale
Authors: Moon Sun-Hee , Cho In Young 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Improving the quality of emergency nursing care requires enhancing triage competency through education programs that integrate the content of the Korean Triage and Acuity Scale, a triage system specifically developed for the Korean context. Thus, this study developed a competency-based triage education application (CTEA), based on the Korean Triage and Acuity Scale, and evaluated its effectiveness through usability testing.

Method:
The CTEA used various teaching methods and game mechanisms, including lectures, case studies, and video-based scenarios, to improve triage competency.

Results:
In the usability testing phase, the CTEA was refined through expert heuristic evaluation and user interviews conducted with the think-aloud method. Six themes were derived from the interviews, highlighting the need for a well-structured program with realistic scenarios, easy accessibility, gamification, functional improvements, and future triage educational applications.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that the CTEA is effective and satisfactory for users and can contribute to improving the triage competency of emergency nurses.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2024;55(1):33–41.]
De Dakar à Marau : le Rio Grande do Sul sur la feuille de route des commerçants sénégalais. Regard sur les stratégies de circulation et d’implantation
Authors: De Conto Sena Camila 
Published: November 2023

L’objectif de cette contribution porte sur l’étude des dynamiques socio-spatiales des commerçants sénégalais au Brésil. Si certains ont choisi de s’installer dans des lieux hautement capitalistiques et connectés comme São Paulo, nombreux sont ceux qui, au contraire, ont posé leur étal dans des espaces inattendus et plus discrets, dans l’interior des États du Paraná, de Santa Catarina et du Rio Grande do Sul. En quoi la migration sénégalaise au Brésil s’inscrit-elle dans une nouvelle logique de flux Sud-Sud ? Comment cette migration évolue-t-elle en mobilité marchande ? Comment les commerçants sénégalais s’insèrent-ils dans l’espace urbain et comment circulent-ils ? À la lumière d’une enquête de terrain multi-située et menée auprès d’une trentaine de commerçants sénégalais entre janvier 2020 et juillet 2021, nous avons répondu à ces questions. Notre analyse s’appuie sur des entretiens semi-directifs et l’observation directe des situations et interactions qui jaillissent de ces lieux.
Le « couloir » à la frontière entre la Zambie et le Congo (RDC). Mondialisation et petit commerce transfrontalier à Kasumbalesa
Authors: Ayimpam Sylvie , Kazadi Kimbu Timothée 
Published: November 2023

À partir d’une description des péripéties socio-politiques ayant abouti à la création d’un couloir piétonnier destiné au passage des marchandises du petit commerce à la frontière entre la Zambie et le Congo (RDC) à Kasumbalesa, cette contribution a pour objectif d’analyser les enjeux de pouvoir et les jeux d’acteurs autour du projet de modernisation de ce poste-frontière. Ce projet est porté par les principaux acteurs de la mondialisation néo-libérale afin de faciliter le mouvement des flux commerciaux internationaux. Nos observations illustrent comment la création du couloir piétonnier et la modernisation du poste frontière de Kasumbalesa permettent d’appréhender l’interaction des processus de mondialisation par « le haut » et de mondialisation par « le bas ». Nous montrerons que le rapport de force, entre les services de l’État à la frontière et une organisation sous-régionale qui tente d’imposer des normes internationales de gestion des flux au « couloir », engendre une tension caractéristique de la mondialisation « ancrée ». Ce rapport de force rend les protagonistes aveugles à un autre enjeu important : celui de la facilitation du passage des marchandises transportées par les petits commerçants nomades dans les circuits de la mondialisation par « le bas ».