bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial and ethnic disparities in acuity of presentation among children with newly diagnosed acute leukemia
Authors: Winestone Lena E. , Getz Kelly D. , Li Yimei , Burrows Evanette , Scheurer Michael E. , Tam Vicky , Gramatges M. Monica , Wilkes Jennifer J. , Miller Tamara P. , Seif Alix E. , Rabin Karen R. , Fisher Brian T. , Aplenc Richard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe evaluated disparities in disease burden, organ dysfunction, vital signs, and timing of therapy in children newly presenting with acute leukemia. Among 899 patients with acute leukemia diagnosed at two large children's hospitals, a priori lab‐based definitions of high disease burden, infection risk, renal dysfunction, and coagulopathy were applied to electronic health record data. Black patients with acute myeloid leukemia had increased prevalence of elevated white blood cell count and uric acid; Black patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia demonstrated increased prevalence of coagulopathy. Black patients’ presentation more frequently included multiple lab abnormalities consistent with advanced physiologic dysfunction. No differences were found in days to therapy initiation.
Preparation of continuous carbon fiber‐filled silicone rubber with high thermal conductivity through wrapping
Authors: Zhang Kang , Qiu Jianhui , Sakai Eiichi , Zhang Guohong , Wu Hong , Guo Shaoyun , Zhang Liang , Yamaguchi Hiroyuki , Chonan Yasunori 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the development of electronics, there is an increasing demand for high‐performance heat‐dissipation materials in electronic devices. Thermal conductive silicone rubber (SR) has received significant attention in related industries due to its excellent mechanical flexibility and high thermal conductivity. However, the intrinsic thermal conductivity of SR is low, necessitating the addition of thermal conductive fillers to meet the usage requirements. Common thermal conductive fillers typically exist in powder form and require such surface modification and orientation, which increases production costs and poses challenges for large‐scale production. In this study, continuous carbon fibers (CFs) are utilized as fillers. By employing a simple pre‐infiltration and winding method, CFs are uniformly distributed in SR, aligning parallel. The CFs not only serve as thermal conductive pathways but also maintain their orientation distribution within the substrate. Furthermore, by pre‐adding boron nitride (BN) to the SR, the thermal conductivity of SR is enhanced, and BN is distributed along the fibers, further improving the enhancement effect of BN on the thermal conductivity of SR. When CF content reaches 30 vol%, the thermal conductivity of CF/BN/SR composite reaches 2.789 W m−1 K−1. Moreover, by using BN/SR before curing as a coating, it can be applied to the surface of the CF/BN/SR composite. This greatly increases the volume resistivity of the material (>1014 Ω cm) while maintaining the thermal conductivity of the composite. Using continuous fibers as fillers also enables easier implementation of mass production in the preparation of thermal conductive SR.Highlights
Prepare continuous carbon fiber and boron nitride (BN)‐filled composite through mechanical winding;
The carbon fiber (CF)/BN/silicone rubber (SR) composite exhibits high thermal conductivity;
Improve the enhancement of BN on the TC of SR by aligning the BN along the CF;
BN/SR used as insulating coating by incremental curing.
Engineering internal nanostructure in 3D‐printed materials via polymer molecular weight distribution
Authors: Xiu Yuan , Bobrin Valentin A. , Corrigan Nathaniel , Yao Yin , Zhang Jin , Boyer Cyrille 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe distribution of molecular weights in polymers, known as the molecular weight distribution (MWD), plays a significant role in dictating the behavior of polymer self‐assembly and influencing the characteristics of the resulting materials. This study investigates how MWD of macromolecular chain‐transfer agents (macroCTAs) impact internal nanostructures in materials prepared by polymerization‐induced microphase separation (PIMS) 3D printing. In the aim of elucidating this relationship, the study initially harnessed the precision offered by narrow‐MWD macroCTAs, which provide precise control over phase separation, as assessed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) measurements. Through systematic variation of macroCTA molecular weights, the dimensions of the distinct domains were precisely tuned from 10 to 90 nanometers and a decrease of materials stiffness was observed with increased domain size. In contrast, the utilization of a broader MWD, achieved by blending two distinct macroCTAs, resulted in increased domain size dispersity and reduced interface sharpness, without significantly affecting the mechanical properties of the 3D‐printed materials. Overall, this approach expands the strategies for manipulating the nanoscale architecture of 3D‐printed PIMS materials, opening new possibilities for printing advanced engineering materials with tailorable properties.
Role of molecular descriptors in quantitative structure‐property relationship analysis of kidney cancer therapeutics
Authors: Mahboob Abid , Rasheed Muhammad Waheed , Hanif Iqra , Amin Laiba , Alameri Abdu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA topological index is a numerical parameter that describes the topology of the network. Topological indices are utilized in quantitative structure‐activity relationship (QSAR) research to theoretically estimate the physicochemical characteristics of chemical compounds. In this article, we examine ten degree‐based topological indices for kidney cancer drugs to aid researchers in understanding the physical properties and chemical bonding between them. We also defined two new numerical descriptors named "first terminal Zagreb index" and "second terminal Zagreb index" for the analysis and examination of seven properties of drugs. The boiling point, enthalpy of vaporization, molar volume, flash point, molar refraction, density, polar surface area, and molar weight of kidney medicine are analyzed using several degree‐related topological indices. The linear and quadratic regression models are used to check the predictive power of TIs. The correlation coefficient is used to represent the results by determining the relationship between the estimated and experimental values of kidney cancer drugs. The numerical descriptors are suitable if the values of the correlation coefficients are greater than .7, the F‐statistical values are higher than 2.5, and the ‐values are less than .05. The results in this article fulfill the criteria for being significant. This theoretical approach may allow chemists and other professionals in the healthcare industry to forecast the properties of kidney cancer drugs without doing any tests.
The vapour pressure of saturated solutions of lead nitrate
Authors: Dingemans P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe vapour pressure of saturated solutions of lead nitrate in water was measured at temperatures from 10° C to 130° C.This system forms a particularly good example of a rule for saturated salt solutions discovered by Miss Korvezee and Dingemans.Miss A. E. Korvezee and P. Dingemans, Rec. trav. chim. 62, 625 (1943).
. The relative vapour pressure of the saturated solutions (i. e. the vapour pressure of the saturated solution divided by the vapour pressure of pure water at the same temperature) is found to be a purely linear function of the temperature.
Reactions of Alkyl β‐Nitroacrylates with Arenes in Triflic Acid: Synthesis of Oximes of Alkyl 2,3‐Diaryl‐3‐oxopropanoates
Authors: Zhelonkina Yuliya V. , Khoroshilova Olesya V. , Ivanov Alexander Yu. , Boyarskaya Irina A. , Pelipko Vasilii V. , Makarenko Sergey V. , Vasilyev Aleksander V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMethyl or ethyl 3‐nitropropenoates (β‐nitroacrylates) AlkO(O)C1−C2H=C3H−NO2 in reaction with arenes ArH in triflic acid CF3SO3H (TfOH) at room temperature in 1 h give rise to oximes of alkyl 2,3‐diaryl‐3‐oxopropanoates AlkO(O)C−CH(Ar)−C(Ar)=NOH in yields of 42–92 %. The obtained oximes bearing ortho‐methyl substituents in the aryl ring exist as atropoisomers in solutions. The study of protonated forms of β‐nitroacrylates by NMR and DFT calculations has revealed that the reactive electrophiles are species AlkO(HO+)C1−C2H=C3H−N+(O)(OH) protosolvated on the acceptor groups NO2 and CO2R. Plausible reaction mechanism is based on the primary interaction of aromatic nucleophiles with these electrophilic species onto their carbon C2.
Half‐Sandwich, Bent‐Sandwich and Triple‐Decker Molybdenum Complexes of S2N2 – Fluxionality and Metal‐Metal Bond
Authors: Sadik N. K. Mohammed , Jose Linta Mary , De Susmita 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe instability of the π‐complexes of electron‐rich inorganic aromatics with transition metal fragments, contrary to their conventional aromatic analogues, was investigated by taking the four‐membered 6π‐electron S2N2. Our theoretical investigation based on fragment molecular orbitals and Energy Decomposition Analysis with Natural Orbitals for Chemical Valence (EDA‐NOCV) on the bonding nature of different types of π‐complexes of S2N2 viz. half‐sandwich, bent‐sandwich and triple‐decker type complexes with molybdenum fragment reveals that S2N2 can potentially act as a six π‐electron donor. However, due to the lower energy π* MOs the π‐back donation from metal fragment is stronger than the π‐donation, which might lead to weaking of the overall ring structure and low dissociation energy. The dissociation energy for dissociation of one S2N2 ring increases with the increasing number of S2N2 in the complex. The smaller size of the ring leads to fluxional behaviour in order to attain orbital compatibility between the π‐MOs and the metal orbitals. Also, the triple decker complex depicts an unsymmetric middle deck, where the middle S2N2 ring has been fragmented into two SN units along with a Mo−Mo bond. The higher dissociation energy of triple‐decker complexes can be corroborated well with the report of an isoelectronic triple‐decker complex [Mo2Te12]6+.
Biomineralization‐Inspired Copper Sulfide Decorated Aramid Textiles via In Situ Anchoring toward Versatile Wearable Thermal Management
Authors: Zhao Zhiheng , Song Xudong , Zhang Yang , Zeng Bingbing , Wu Hong , Guo Shaoyun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDesigning smart textiles for personal thermal management (PTM) is an effective strategy for thermoregulation and energy saving. However, the manufacture of versatile high‐performance thermal management textiles for complex real‐world environments remains a challenge due to the limitations of functional integration, material properties, and preparation procedures. In this study, an aramid fabric based on in situ anchored copper sulfide nanostructure is developed. The textile with excellent solar and Joule heating properties can effectively keep the body warm even at low energy inputs. Meanwhile, the reduced infrared emissivity of the textile decreases the thermal radiation losses and helps to maintain a constant body temperature. Impressively, the textile integrates superb electromagnetic shielding, near‐complete UV protection properties, and ideal resistance to fire and bacteria. This work provides a simple strategy for fabricating multi‐functional integrated wearable devices with flexibility and breathability, which is highly promising in versatile PTM applications.
Automated library mapping approach based on cross‐platform for mobile development programming languages
Authors: Muhammad Ahmad Ahmad , Soliman Abdelrahman , Zayed Hala , Yousef Ahmed H. , Selim Sahar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractContextThe most popular mobile platforms, Android and iOS, are traditionally developed using native programming languages—Java and Kotlin for Android, and Objective‐C followed by Swift for iOS, respectively. Due to their popularity, there is always a demand to convert applications written for one of these two platforms to another. Cross‐platform mobile development is widely used as a solution where an application is written once and deployed on multiple platforms written in several other programming languages. One common cross‐platform approach that has been used recently by some research groups is the Trans‐Compilation approach. They focus on translating a program written in iOS into Android or vice versa. The main problem with their solutions is that library function mapping is not generalized and usually functions constitute most of the parts of any program.ObjectiveThis study aims to introduce an automatic library mapping approach for mobile programming languages.MethodA library function of a source language will be automatically mapped to a corresponding function of the destination language by using the function structure for the two languages. The function structure includes the library to which the function belongs, the return type, parameter types, and the number of parameters. To test our approach, we map from Swift to Java.ResultsThe results of our experiments show that our automatic library mapping approach achieves an average accuracy of 83.6% when tested on the most used libraries and outperforms current state‐of‐the‐art mapping techniques in terms of mapping accuracy.ConclusionThese findings show that our automatic mapping approach is promising and can help to overcome the limitations of the trans‐compilation approaches.
Arsenic‐induced IGF‐1 signaling impairment and neurite shortening: The protective roles of IGF‐1 through the PI3K/Akt axis
Authors: Wisessaowapak Churaibhon , Niyomchan Apichaya , Visitnonthachai Daranee , Leelaprachakul Naphada , Watcharasit Piyajit , Satayavivad Jutamaad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe recently reported that arsenic caused insulin resistance in differentiated human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells. Herein, we further investigated the effects of sodium arsenite on IGF‐1 signaling, which shares downstream signaling with insulin. A time‐course experiment revealed that sodium arsenite began to decrease IGF‐1‐stimulated Akt phosphorylation on Day 3 after treatment, indicating that prolonged sodium arsenite treatment disrupted the neuronal IGF‐1 response. Additionally, sodium arsenite decreased IGF‐1‐stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the IGF‐1 receptor β (IGF‐1Rβ) and its downstream target, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1). These results suggested that sodium arsenite impaired the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of IGF‐1Rβ, ultimately resulting in a reduction in tyrosine‐phosphorylated IRS1. Sodium arsenite also reduced IGF‐1 stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor β (IRβ), indicating the potential inhibition of IGF‐1R/IR crosstalk by sodium arsenite. Interestingly, sodium arsenite also induced neurite shortening at the same concentrations that caused IGF‐1 signaling impairment. A 24‐h IGF‐1 treatment partially rescued neurite shortening caused by sodium arsenite. Moreover, the reduction in Akt phosphorylation by sodium arsenite was attenuated by IGF‐1. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt by LY294002 diminished the protective effects of IGF‐1 against sodium arsenite‐induced neurite retraction. Together, our findings suggested that sodium arsenite‐impaired IGF‐1 signaling, leading to neurite shortening through IGF‐1/PI3K/Akt.
Decision making in clinical trials: Interim analyses, innovative design, and biomarkers
Authors: Welsh‐Bohmer Kathleen A. , Kerchner Geoffrey A. , Dhadda Shobha , Garcia Miguel , Miller David S. , Natanegara Fanni , Raket Lars Lau , Robieson Weining , Siemers Eric R. , Carrillo Maria C. , Weber Christopher J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe efficient and accurate execution of clinical trials testing novel treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a critical component of the field's collective efforts to develop effective disease‐modifying treatments for AD. The lengthy and heterogeneous nature of clinical progression in AD contributes to the challenges inherent in demonstrating a clinically meaningful benefit of any potential new AD therapy. The failure of many large and expensive clinical trials to date has prompted a focus on optimizing all aspects of decision making, to not only expedite the development of new treatments, but also maximize the value of the information that each clinical trial yields, so that all future clinical trials (including those that are negative) will contribute toward advancing the field. To address this important topic the Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable convened December 1–2, 2020. The goals focused around identifying new directions and actionable steps to enhance clinical trial decision making in planned future studies.
Integrated use of organic amendments increased mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) yield and its components compared to inorganic fertilizers
Authors: Diatta André A. , Bassène César , Manga Anicet G. B. , Abaye Ozzie , Thomason Wade , Battaglia Martin , Babur Emre , Uslu Ömer , Min Doohong , Seleiman Mahmoud , Filho Jose F. D. C. Leme , Mbow Cheikh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRainfall variability, low soil organic matter content, and costly inorganic fertilizers are the major agricultural constraints in Sub‐Saharan Africa. Integrated use of compost and manure is essential for sustaining soil fertility and increasing crop productivity. This study was conducted to evaluate the combined effects of compost and animal manure on mungbean growth and yield. The 12 treatments consisted of control, recommended dose of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK), 5 ton ha−1 of compost, 10 ton ha−1 of poultry, 10 ton ha−1 of cattle, and 10 ton ha−1 of sheep manure, and six combinations of organic amendments with 50% of their applied rate alone. These treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with six replications. Application of cattle manure at 10 ton ha−1 significantly increased mungbean seed yield by 66% and 84% compared to the recommended rate of NPK and control treatments, respectively. Similar observations were made on stem diameter, total pod weight, and number of seeds per pod. Plants amended with compost had the highest number of ramifications and number of pods than NPK fertilized plants, which recorded (9±) ramifications and (27±) pods per plant. On average, integrated use of 5 ton ha−1 of poultry manure + 5 ton ha−1 of cattle manure had the highest soil plant analysis development values, though not significantly different from NPK fertilizers. These results suggest that application of organic amendments could be an alternative to costly and inaccessible inorganic fertilizers for improving mungbean productivity under low‐input agriculture systems.
Enhanced performance of eco‐friendly PVC by utilizing halo‐benzothiazole derivatives and glucose/fatty acids esters
Authors: Abdel‐Monem Reham A. , Gaballah Samir T. , Rabie Samira T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTwo halo‐benzothiazoles, namely, 2‐amino‐6‐bromo‐benzo[d]thiazole and 2‐amino‐6‐fluoro‐benzo[d]thiazole were utilized to modify poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and gave two modified PVC samples for biomedical applications. Prepared glucose‐fatty acid esters of palmitic, oleic, and octanoic acids were exploited as plasticizers to produce phthalate‐free eco‐friendly antimicrobial PVC. The chemical structures of all prepared compounds were confirmed via Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal properties of modified PVC was determined using thermo gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry while weight loss and degree of discoloration were used to assess the photostability after UV irradiation whereas references heat and UV absorbers were applied for comparison. The plasticizing effect of each glucose‐fatty acid ester at 20% by weight on the mechanical properties of modified PVC was determined and referenced to diethylhexylphthalate. The results revealed that the mechanical properties as well as the thermal stability of plasticized modified PVCs were enhanced. Plasticizers migration from the polymeric matrix was also determined and the results showed low extent of migration of the prepared plasticizers. So, modified plasticized PVC samples exhibited improved physicochemical properties. Antimicrobial properties of all samples, using disc diffusion agar method, were evaluated against some Gram +ve bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans and Gram −ve bacteria like Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungi strains used were Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus ochraceous. All investigated compounds showed improved antibacterial and antifungal activities.Highlights
PVC was chemically modified with two halo‐benzothiazoles to obtain antimicrobial PVC.
Glucose‐fatty acids esters were prepared as eco‐friendly plasticizers for PVC.
Halo‐benzothiazoles improved both the thermal‐ and photo‐stability of PVC.
Glucose‐fatty acid plasticizers enhanced the mechanical properties of PVC.
The extent of migration of prepared plasticizers is lower than that of reference plasticizer.
A numerical test of soil layering effects on theoretical and practical Beerkan infiltration runs
Authors: Bagarello Vincenzo , Iovino Massimo , Lai Jianbin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith reference to a more compacted and less conductive upper soil layer overlying a less compacted and more conductive subsoil, a simple three‐dimensional (3D) infiltration run is expected to yield more representative results of the upper layer than the subsoil. However, there is the need to quantitatively establish what is meant by more representativeness. At this aim, numerically simulated infiltration was investigated for a theoretically unconfined process under a null ponded head of water (d0H0 setup, with d = depth of ring insertion and H = ponded depth of water) and a practical Beerkan run (d1H1 setup, d = H = 1 cm). The considered layered soils differed by both the layering degree (from weak to strong; subsoil more conductive than the upper soil layer by 2.3–32.4 times, depending on the layering degree) and the thickness of the upper soil layer (0.5–3 cm). It was confirmed that water infiltration should be expected to be more representative of the upper soil layer when this layer is the less permeable since, for a 2‐h experiment, the instantaneous infiltration rates for the layered soil were 1.0–2.1 times greater than those of the homogeneous low‐permeable soil and 1.3–20.7 smaller than those of the homogeneous coarser soil that constituted the subsoil. Similarity with the homogeneous fine soil increased as expected as the upper layer became thicker. For a weak layering condition, the layered soil yielded an intermediate infiltration as compared with that of the two homogeneous soils forming the layered system. For a strong layering degree, the layered soil was more similar to the homogeneous fine soil than to the homogeneous coarse soil. Using the practical setup instead of the theoretical one should have a small to moderate effect on the instantaneous infiltration rates since all the calculated percentage differences between the d1H1 and d0H0 setups fell into the relatively narrow range of −18.8% to +17.4%. A sequential analysis procedure appeared usable to detect layering conditions but with some modifications as compared with the originally proposed procedure. The practical setup enhanced the possibility to recognize the time at which the characteristics of the subsoil start to influence the infiltration process. In conclusion, this investigation contributed to better interpret both the theoretical and the practically established 3D infiltration process in a soil composed of a less conductive upper soil layer overlying a more conductive subsoil and it also demonstrated that modifying the recently proposed sequential analysis procedure only using infiltration data could be advisable to determine the time when layering starts to influence the process.