bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Temperature‐Sensing Hydrogel Coating on The Medical Catheter
Authors: Li Yiran , Li Dan , Wang Jiacheng , Ye Tingting , Li Qianming , Li Luhe , Gao Rui , Wang Yuanzhen , Ren Junye , Li Fangyan , Lu Jiang , He Er , Jiao Yiding , Wang Lie , Zhang Ye 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMedical surgical catheters are widely used in the medical field for drug delivery or postoperative drainage. However, infections associated with local temperature rise often occur at the catheter‐tissue interface, resulting in irreversible pathological damage, cognitive behavioral abnormalities, or even an increased risk of mortality if not monitored in time. Herein, an in situ temperature‐sensing hydrogel coating on the outer surface of medical surgical catheters for real‐time infection monitoring is developed. The hydrogel coating exhibits a record temperature coefficient of resistance of 2.90% °C−1 and maintains stable in vivo. Besides, the hydrogel layer forms a mechanically compatible catheter‐tissue interface and minimizes the risk of inflammatory responses due to its tissue‐like softness (Young's modulus of 4.24 kPa). By applying it in the early detection of infections in the brain of SD rats, the individual survival rate has increased to 90% with timely intervention.
Superbiphilic Laser‐Microengineered Surfaces with A Self‐Assembled Monolayer Coating for Exceptional Boiling Performance
Authors: Hadžić Armin , Može Matic , Zupančič Matevž , Golobič Iztok 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rapid advancement of engineering systems has spurred the search for innovative thermal management solutions. Boiling, as a phase‐change heat transfer method, has shown promise in heat dissipation, but non‐functionalized surfaces struggle with increasing cooling demands. To improve heat dissipation efficiency across different heat loads, functionalized surfaces with tailored wettability have been proposed. Separately, superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces each offer benefits and drawbacks in boiling applications but combining them on a single “biphilic” surface simultaneously harnesses their advantages. In this study, laser‐functionalized copper surfaces with spatially tailored wettability are developed by combining two‐step laser texturing with a self‐assembled monolayer coating, while focus is placed on the impact of the size and pitch of superhydrophobic spots. The developed functionalized surfaces exhibit exceptional boiling performance with heat transfer coefficients up to 299 kW m−2 K−1, a 434% enhancement over untreated surfaces. Optimal ratios of superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic areas and optimal spot pitch are identified. Additionally, varying behavior at different heat flux levels is observed, emphasizing the importance of considering thermal loads when determining the optimal surface pattern. This advancement in performance, along with the rapid and cost‐effective functionalization process, represents a significant breakthrough for enhanced thermal management applications.
Phase Engineering on Amorphous/Crystalline γ‐Fe2O3 Nanosheets for Boosting Dielectric Loss and High‐Performance Microwave Absorption
Authors: Wu Peikun , Kong Xiangkai , Feng Yingrui , Ding Wei , Sheng Zhigao , Liu Qiangchun , Ji Guangbin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo design and develop efficient microwave absorbents via phase engineering is still less studied. The unique properties caused by constructing heterophase structure hold the potential to strengthen absorbing capability toward microwave radiation. Herein, amorphous/crystalline γ‐Fe2O3 nanosheets (Fe‐H) are carefully fabricated through a controlled annealing process. The matched Fermi levels formed on both sides of the heterophase interface not only provides efficient interfacial polarizations but also facilitates the transport of electrons with less scattering over the whole Fe‐H nanosheets. Thereby, both of the conduction loss and dielectric polarization relaxation are promoted, leading to a strengthened attenuation toward electromagnetic wave radiation. The as‐synthesized Fe‐H sample exhibited a minimum reflection loss of ‐89.5 dB centered at a thickness of 2.00 mm, associated with an effective absorption bandwidth (reflection loss ≤ ‐10 dB) reaching 6.45 GHz. All of these behaviors are superior to its pure amorphous absorbent and bare crystalline counterpart. Furthermore, this heterophase engineering strategy is valid when extended to Co and Ni based oxides, suggesting its universality and generality for promoting microwave absorption. Henceforth, this study indicates a favorable potential of the synthesis and application of amorphous/crystalline materials as heterophase microwave absorbents.
Strain Engineering in Perovskites: Mutual Insight on Oxides and Halides
Authors: Choi Min‐Ju , Lee Jung‐Woo , Jang Ho Won 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPerovskite materials have garnered significant attention over the past decades due to their applications, not only in electronic materials, such as dielectrics, piezoelectrics, ferroelectrics, and superconductors but also in optoelectronic devices like solar cells and light emitting diodes. This interest arises from their versatile combinations and physiochemical tunability. While strain engineering is a recognized powerful tool for tailoring material properties, its collaborative impact on both oxides and halides remains understudied. Herein, strain engineering in perovskites for energy conversion devices, providing mutual insight into both oxides and halides is discussed. The various experimental methods are presented for applying strain by using thermal mismatch, lattice mismatch, defects, doping, light illumination, and flexible substrates. In addition, the main factors that are influenced by strain, categorized as structure (e.g., symmetry breaking, octahedral distortion), bandgap, chemical reactivity, and defect formation energy are described. After that, recent progress in strain engineering for perovskite oxides and halides for energy conversion devices is introduced. Promising methods for enhancing the performance of energy conversion devices using perovskites through strain engineering are suggested.
Complex Fourier Surfaces by Superposition of Multiple Gratings on Azobenzene Thin Films
Authors: Berdin Alex , Rekola Heikki T. , Priimagi Arri 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDiffractive optical elements (DOE) are integral components for lightweight and ultra‐thin optical elements due to their ability to manipulate light efficiently and accurately. However, conventional DOEs are static and cannot be altered after fabrication, which hinders their adaptability to changing requirements. To overcome this limitation, the potential of surface patterning on azobenzene thin films to fabricate reconfigurable DOEs is investigated. Using holographic lithography, surface topographies with sinusoidal surface relief gratings (SRG) are created and the superposition of up to 80 SRGs with high accuracy and minimal information loss in subsequent inscriptions is demonstrated. This is enabled by a surface patterning tool combining holographic lithography and digital holographic microscopy. Reconfigurable and adaptive optical elements can improve the efficiency of optical coupling and increase the sensitivity and selectivity of sensors, especially in applications such as near‐eye displays and plasmonic sensors. These results demonstrate the ability to create complex azobenzene‐based DOEs for advanced photonic applications, where the ability to alter optical elements is of high importance.
Impact of the Hexagonal Phase on Multiphoton‐Absorption Properties of Mixed‐Cation Halide Perovskite: FA0.8MA0.2PbI3
Authors: Cho Jeong Bin , Park Dae Young , Lee Kyeong‐Hyeon , Kim Sungdo , Kim Yong Soo , Jeong Mun Seok , Jang Joon I. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecently, mixed‐cation halide perovskites have gained significant attention for developing stable, high‐performance solar cells. However, their nonlinear optical (NLO) properties are much less explored. Herein, this study reports on intriguing NLO properties observed from FA0.8MA0.2PbI3 single crystals, having an ideal bandgap of 1.52 eV for photovoltaic performance. Contrary to a simple prediction, the perovskite exhibits higher‐order multiphoton absorption (MPA) over a broad wavelength range from 1300 to 1710 nm as evidenced by wavelength‐ and intensity‐dependent photoluminescence measurements. The corresponding MPA coefficients are very large to dominate lower‐order ordinary MPA across the bandgap. The hexagonal phase present in the perovskite is responsible for the observed higher‐order transition as confirmed by the recovery of ordinary MPA in the absence of the hexagonal phase. Although the perovskite is known to crystallize into the cubic phase at room temperature, these results indicate that minor inclusion of the hexagonal phase (≈4.0% at room temperature) can drastically alter the nature of the multiphoton process by double resonance uniquely offered by the mixed phases.
Phase‐Changing Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose‐As An Electrolyte for Electro‐Thermochromic Smart Window with Synergistic Optical Modulation
Authors: Rathod Pramod V. , Chavan Pooja V. , Kim Hern 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSmart windows are gaining attention for their exceptional ability to regulate light and heat dynamics effectively. The main objective of developing dual‐responsive smart window materials lies in enhancing building applications and optimizing energy efficiency. Materials that exhibit dual responsiveness have already been reported in the literature. However, these materials have not garnered substantial research interest primarily due to prevailing economic and technological constraints. This study introduces a new methodology that uses a phase‐changing material as an electrolyte to design and customize smart windows based on individual preferences and requirements. In this paper, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt‐grafted copolymerpoly(2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)‐(N‐isopropylacrylamide)[CMC‐Na‐pDN] as an electrolyte and 1,1'‐Bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐4'4'‐dipyridinium hexafluorophosphate [HOEV] as a chromophore are synthesized and used to fabricate a gel‐based electro/thermochromic device (ETD). ETD exhibits dual‐chromism characteristics, transitioning from a colorless state to a purplehue at 25°C when 2V is applied. Furthermore, the purple color undergoes a transformation to blue coloration when the temperature exceeds 40°C. These phenomena arise due to the synergistic effect between its electrochromicreaction and thermochromic behavior. The ETD device exhibits a high optical constrast ∼82.5%, with a coloration efficiency (CE) of 333.1 cm2 C−1 and cyclic stability of >2000 cycles.
Enhancing the Output Performance of Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Soft‐Contact Coaxial Double‐Rotation Structure
Authors: Liu Weilong , Wang Xiutong , Wang Youqiang , Xu Hui , Nan Youbo , Niu Jianmin , Xiong Jianbo , Yang Haicheng , Liu Tao , Yang Lihui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs a promising energy technology, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has garnered wide attention across various fields. The rotating structure‐based TENG exhibits superior output performance and energy conversion efficiency. However, further improvement is required in terms of output performance, and the issue of serious friction and wear between the materials in the friction layer needs to be addressed. In this work, A coaxial double‐rotation soft‐contact material based TENG (DR‐TENG) with characteristics of low wear and high output is fabricated. The introduction of soft‐contact material reduces frictional resistance and material wear, while the design and optimization of double‐rotation structures further enhance the output performance of TENG. The output current of DR‐TENG using rabbit furs as friction material can reach 144 µA after rectification. Experimental results demonstrate the excellent power supply capability of DR‐TENG. The output of DR‐TENG can be used to power commercial electronic devices after being stored by capacitance. The DR‐TENG is successfully applied for cathodic protection. The outcomes reveal that the open‐circuit potential of Q235 carbon steel can be reduced by 500 mV, which has a remarkable anti‐corrosion effect. These results confirm the broad application prospects of TENG in metal corrosion protection.
Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors toward Skin‐Integrated Photoplethysmography‐Electrocardiography Multimodal Sensing System
Authors: Lou Zirui , Tao Jun , Wei Binbin , Jiang Xinyu , Cheng Simin , Wang Zehao , Qin Chao , Liang Rong , Guo Haotian , Zhu Liping , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Xu Xiaomin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the fast‐evolving landscape of decentralized and personalized healthcare, the need for multimodal biosensing systems that integrate seamlessly with the human body is growing rapidly. This presents a significant challenge in devising ultraflexible configurations that can accommodate multiple sensors and designing high‐performance sensing components that remain stable over long periods. To overcome these challenges, ultraflexible organic photodetectors (OPDs) that exhibit exceptional performance under near‐infrared illumination while maintaining long‐term stability are developed. These ultraflexible OPDs demonstrate a photoresponsivity of 0.53 A W−1 under 940 nm, shot‐noise‐limited specific detectivity of 3.4 × 1013 Jones, and cut‐off response frequency beyond 1 MHz at −3 dB. As a result, the flexible photoplethysmography sensor boasts a high signal‐to‐noise ratio and stable peak‐to‐peak amplitude under hypoxic and hypoperfusion conditions, outperforming commercial finger pulse oximeters. This ensures precise extraction of blood oxygen saturation in dynamic working conditions. Ultraflexible OPDs are further integrated with conductive polymer electrodes on an ultrathin hydrogel substrate, allowing for direct interface with soft and dynamic skin. This skin‐integrated sensing platform provides accurate measurement of photoelectric and biopotential signals in a time‐synchronized manner, reproducing the functionality of conventional technologies without their inherent limitations.
State of knowledge of aquatic ecosystem and fisheries of the Lake Edward System, East Africa
Authors: Musinguzi Laban , Vranken Nathan , Natugonza Vianny , Okello William , van Steenberge Maarten , Snoeks Jos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPoor and unreliable knowledge of the status of freshwater fisheries limits their inclusion in governance processes, thereby impeding effective management measures. This threatens the livelihoods of people, particularly in developing countries. Improved knowledge is required to draw the attention of policymakers and stimulate effective management measures to accelerate the sustainability of the freshwater fisheries. In line with this requirement, this paper provides the state of knowledge of the aquatic ecosystem and fisheries of the Lake Edward system, East Africa, focusing on lakes Edward, George and the Kazinga channel. The state of knowledge was accomplished by reviewing existing data and information on aspects of primary productivity and water quality, invertebrates, fish fauna, fish life history and ecology, and fisheries. The waterbodies have been monitored since the 1930s, albeit sporadically, providing data on all the above aspects but with substantial temporal gaps. Adequate and updated data and information exist on the water quality status of the water bodies, extant aquatic taxa (including fishes) and fish catches but with uncertainties in the latter. Data and information gaps exist on the abundance of biotic communities, fish life history, quantitative trophic ecology and fisheries management reference points. The aggregated data and information can directly support decisions for fisheries management. We recommend regular monitoring to fill the data and information gaps, more comprehensive stock assessments and the development of aquatic ecosystem models.
A multidisciplinary overview on the Tupi‐speaking people expansion
Authors: Castro e Silva Marcos Araújo , Hünemeier Tábita 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe cultural and biological diversity of South American indigenous groups represent extremes of human variability, exhibiting one of the highest linguistic diversities alongside a remarkably low within‐population genetic variation and an extremely high inter‐population genetic differentiation. On top of that, this region has seen some of the most dramatic demographic events in human history unleashed by the European colonization of the Americas. As a result of this process, the distribution of indigenous populations has been radically changed. In this review we focus on the Tupi, the largest and most widespread linguistic family in eastern South America. Tupi are believed to have originated in southwestern Amazon, from where some of its subfamilies expanded into other parts of the Amazon and, in the case of the Tupi‐Guarani, beyond its borders. Recent evidence from archaeology, linguistics, and genetics aligns with José Brochado's Tupi Expansion model. He proposed that the gradual development of agricultural systems within the Amazon resulted in population growth and, eventually, territorial expansion. This model also supports separate Tupi Expansion branches: Tupinambá (Atlantic coast) and Guarani (south, midwest Brazil). Although being the most populous group on Brazil's Atlantic coast, which was the most affected by European colonization, the Tupi still account for roughly 20% of the country's overall indigenous population. Finally, despite its importance and more than a century of research on the Tupi and their expansion history, many key questions remain unanswered, which we attempt to summarize and explore here.
Assessing the clinico‐immunological profile of patients with obesity and chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Chaaban Mohamad R. , Asosingh Kewal , Comhair Suzy , Hoying David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundNo studies have investigated the systemic and local sinonasal profile of obesity‐related chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), despite its observed association in recent retrospective studies. The objectives of our study were to assess the impact of obesity on the clinical and cytokine profile of patients with CRS and evaluate treatment response with functional endoscopic sinus surgery.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study at the Cleveland Clinic that included patients with CRS (n = 54) between December 2021 and September 2022. Data collection included demographics, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, baseline sinonasal outcome test scores, baseline radiologic scores (Lund–Mackay), postoperative sinonasal outcome test scores (at 3–4 months), and local and systemic alarmins/T‐helper cytokines.ResultsOut of the 54 CRS patients, there were 20 CRS patients without nasal polyps (37%) and 34 with nasal polyps (63%). Patients were categorized based on obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Obese CRS patients had lower systemic alarmins (interleukin [IL]‐33 and Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)) compared to non‐obese CRS patients (IL‐33: 744.2 ± 1164.6 pg/mL vs. 137.5 ± 320.0 pg/mL, p = 0.005; TSLP: 627.7 ± 1806.3 pg/mL vs. 28.1 ± 85.4 pg/mL, p = 0.017). CRS patients with nasal polyps with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 had higher postoperative sinonasal outcome test scores and lower levels of nasal eotaxin‐3 and IL‐33 compared to BMI <30 kg/m2 counterparts.ConclusionsIn conclusion, patients with obese CRS and nasal polyps displayed diminished levels of intranasal alarmins and reduced intranasal eotaxin‐3. These results potentially imply the presence of a unique, obese type 2‐low CRS phenotype that warrants further exploration.
Noise‐Based Damping of Chaotic Entanglement in Pulsed Driven Two‐Qubit System
Authors: Abd‐Rabbou M. Y. , Khalil E. M. , Al‐Awfi Saud 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the entanglement dynamics of a two‐qubit system in the presence of n‐sequential ‐pulse shape. The study explores entanglement under two scenarios: when the system is completely isolated from the environment and when it interacts with one of the surrounding environments, namely the thermal environment and the common dephasing environment. The authors quantify entanglement through concurrence while systematically examining the effects of initial state preparation, qubit coupling strength, laser‐qubit interaction intensity, pulse sequences, and decohering environments. The results highlight that the entanglement of the two‐qubit system strongly depends on the initial state. Increasing the coupling strength between the qubits and the n‐sequential pulse enhances the maximum values of entanglement. Conversely, augmenting the laser‐qubits coupling or introducing the influence of the environment diminishes the entanglement.
Nitrogen‐bridged Fe‐Cu Atomic Pair Sites for Efficient Electrochemical Ammonia Production and Electricity Generation with Zn‐NO2 Batteries
Authors: Bi Zenghui , Hu Jiao , Xu Ming , Zhang Hua , Zhou Yingtang , Hu Guangzhi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe development of environmentally sustainable and highly efficient technologies for ammonia production is crucial for the future advancement of carbon‐neutral energy systems. The nitrite reduction reaction (NO2RR) for generating NH3 is a promising alternative to the low‐efficiency nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), owing to the low N=O bond energy and high solubility of nitrite. In this study, we designed a highly efficient dual‐atom catalyst with Fe‐Cu atomic pair sites (termed FeCu DAC), and the as‐developed FeCu DAC was able to afford a remarkable NH3 yield of 24,526 μg h−1 mgcat.−1 at −0.6 V, with a Faradaic Efficiency (FE) for NH3 production of 99.88 %. The FeCu DAC also exhibited exceptional catalytic activity and selectivity in a Zn‐NO2 battery, achieving a record‐breaking power density of 23.6 mW cm−2 and maximum NH3 FE of 92.23 % at 20 mA cm−2. Theoretical simulation demonstrated that the incorporation of the Cu atom changed the energy of the Fe 3d orbital and lowered the energy barrier, thereby accelerating the NO2RR. This study not only demonstrates the potential of galvanic nitrite‐based cells for expanding the field of Zn‐based batteries, but also provides fundamental interpretation for the synergistic effect in highly dispersed dual‐atom catalysts.
Methylene C(sp3)−H Arylation Enables the Stereoselective Synthesis and Structure Revision of Indidene Natural Products
Authors: Kudashev Anton , Vergura Stefania , Zuccarello Marco , Bürgi Thomas , Baudoin Olivier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe divergent synthesis of two indane polyketides of the indidene family, namely (±)‐indidene A (11 steps, 1.7 %) and (+)‐indidene C (13 steps, 1.3 %), is reported. The synthesis of the trans‐configured common indane intermediate was enabled by palladium(0)‐catalyzed methylene C(sp3)−H arylation, which was performed in both racemic and enantioselective (e.r. 99 : 1) modes. Further elaboration of this common intermediate by nickel‐catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling allowed the rapid installation of the aroyl moiety of (±)‐indidene A. In parallel, the biphenyl system of (±)‐ and (+)‐indidene C was constructed by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. These investigations led us to revise the structures of indidenes B and C.