bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and factors affecting same‐day discharge following mastectomy and immediate alloplastic reconstruction
Authors: Ghosh Kanad , Shakir Afaaf , Kuchta Kristine , Seth Akhil , Sisco Mark 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPatients undergoing breast reconstruction following mastectomy are often admitted overnight. In 2020, our institution implemented a protocol change to discharge clinically stable patients immediately. In this study, we examine the safety of same‐day discharge following mastectomy and reconstruction.MethodsOur retrospective study included female adults undergoing mastectomy and immediate alloplastic reconstruction from August 2019 to January 2020, before implementation of the same‐day discharge protocol, and from March 2020 to September 2021, after the protocol implementation. Independent t‐test and chi‐square analysis was conducted to examine statistical differences.ResultsTwo hundred and eighty‐five patients were included. Forty‐two patients underwent reconstruction before the protocol change (Group 1) and 243 patients underwent reconstruction after the protocol change (Group 2). Group 2 had a greater percentage of prepectoral implant placement. There was no difference in demographics, complications, readmission, or reoperation. Within Group 2, 157 patients were discharged the same day (Group 2a) and 88 patients required overnight admission (Group 2b). Group 2b had higher body mass index, higher percentage of bilateral mastectomy, and larger mastectomy weights. Despite no differences in complications, Group 2b exhibited higher rates of requiring intravenous antibiotics and reoperation.ConclusionsPatients may be safely discharged the same day following mastectomy and alloplastic reconstruction without an increase in complications.
Multimodal feedback systems for smart laser osteotomy: Depth control and tissue differentiation
Authors: Hamidi Arsham , Bayhaqi Yakub A. , Drusová Sandra , Navarini Alexander A. , Cattin Philippe C. , Canbaz Ferda , Zam Azhar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe study aimed to improve the safety and accuracy of laser osteotomy (bone surgery) by integrating optical feedback systems with an Er:YAG laser. Optical feedback consists of a real‐time visual feedback system that monitors and controls the depth of laser‐induced cuts and a tissue sensor differentiating tissue types based on their chemical composition. The developed multimodal feedback systems demonstrated the potential to enhance the safety and accuracy of laser surgery.Materials and MethodsThe proposed method utilizes a laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) system and long‐range Bessel‐like beam optical coherence tomography (OCT) for tissue‐specific laser surgery. The LIBS system detects tissue types by analyzing the plasma generated on the tissue by a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser, while OCT provides real‐time monitoring and control of the laser‐induced cut depth. The OCT system operates at a wavelength of 1288 ± 30 nm and has an A‐scan rate of 104.17 kHz, enabling accurate depth control. Optical shutters are used to facilitate the integration of these multimodal feedback systems.ResultsThe proposed system was tested on five specimens of pig femur bone to evaluate its functionality. Tissue differentiation and visual depth feedback were used to achieve high precision both on the surface and in‐depth. The results showed successful real‐time tissue differentiation and visualization without any visible thermal damage or carbonization. The accuracy of the tissue differentiation was evaluated, with a mean absolute error of 330.4 μm and a standard deviation of ±248.9 μm, indicating that bone ablation was typically stopped before reaching the bone marrow. The depth control of the laser cut had a mean accuracy of 65.9 μm with a standard deviation of ±45 μm, demonstrating the system's ability to achieve the pre‐planned cutting depth.ConclusionThe integrated approach of combining an ablative laser, visual feedback (OCT), and tissue sensor (LIBS) has significant potential for enhancing minimally invasive surgery and warrants further investigation and development.
Conversion of CO2‐Derived Amorphous Carbon into Flash Graphene Additives
Authors: Advincula Paul Andrade , Meng Wei , Beckham Jacob L. , Nagarajaiah Satish , Tour James M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCO2 emissions have become a significant environmental problem over the last few decades, often stemming from combustion of fossil fuels. Production and disposal of waste plastic also contribute greatly to greenhouse gas emissions, due to combustion of fossil fuels during manufacture and incineration or pyrolysis of the waste materials. Hence, researchers have begun developing technologies geared toward the capture, sequestration, and utilization of CO2. Several methods are shown to be useful for conversion of gaseous CO2 into solid carbon feedstocks, such as molten carbonate electrolysis. At the same time, flash Joule heating can rapidly and inexpensively convert carbon‐rich feedstocks into flash graphene (FG). Here, amorphous carbon derived from molten carbonate electrolysis of carbon dioxide is converted into FG, sometimes in combination with waste plastic, and demonstrated for use as a reinforcing additive in composite applications. FG can be used in epoxy and vinyl ester resins with a maximum increase in Young's modulus and hardness of 73% and 73%, respectively. Life cycle assessment also shows that adding 5 wt% 25:75 amorphous carbon‐derived FG to the epoxy results in 7.7%, 5%, and 2.7% decreases in CO2 emissions, water consumption, and energy consumption, respectively.
Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Effects of Three MUFA‐Rich Oils on Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Mice
Authors: Zhou Yingfang , Zhang Linyu , Guo Fangrui , Liu Xiangyan , Li Xin , Han Zongding , Li Xiaowen , Shi Xingyong , Wen Lixin , Wang Ji 
Published: October 2023

ScopeOlive oil, rapeseed oil, and lard are dietary fats rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, but the effects of dietary oils enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids on hepatic lipid deposition have seldom been compared.Methods and resultsNinety 8‐week‐old C57BL/6J male mice are randomly divided into six groups and fed diets containing lard, rapeseed oil, or olive oil with a 10% or 45% fat energy supply for 16 weeks. Under high‐fat conditions, serum total cholesterol levels in the lard and olive oil groups are significantly higher than those in the rapeseed oil group. Hepatic lipid content in the olive oil group is higher than that in the other two groups. Compared with rapeseed oil, lard increases the liver levels of arachidonic, palmitic, and myristic acids and decreases the levels of eicosapentaenoic linolenic acid and linoleic acid. Olive oil increases the liver levels of docosatrienoic, arachidonic, oleic, and myristic acids; maltose; and fructose and decreases the levels of eicosapentaenoic, linolenic, and linoleic acids.ConclusionOlive oil probably causes hepatic lipid deposition in mice, which may enhance hepatic lipid synthesis by activating the starch and sucrose metabolic pathways. By contrast, rapeseed oil shows a significant anti‐lipid deposition effect on the liver.
Planarizing Gysel power divider/combiner with ring coupler
Authors: Yi Zixuan , Li Chenchen , Wang Haipeng , Yang Xuexia , Li Meiling 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis letter proposes a N‐way planar power divider/combiner using a combination of a Gysel power divider and a ring coupler. This innovative approach enables the realization of a fully planar multiway (>2) Gysel power divider. By replacing the common point of the conventional Gysel power divider with a ring coupler, the entire symmetrical divider can be implemented on a two‐layer printed circuit board. To validate the design concept, an eight‐way planar power divider is designed, fabricated, and tested. Experimental results obtained within the frequency range of 5.10–7.25 GHz (34.8% fractional bandwidth) demonstrate excellent performance. The insertion loss is below 1.24 dB, the input port return loss exceeds 12.65 dB, the output ports exhibit return loss greater than 14.83 dB, the isolation exceeds 22.41 dB, and the maximum measured phase imbalance is within ±2.7°.
Nuclear Overhauser enhancement imaging at −1.6 ppm in rat brain at 4.7T
Authors: Viswanathan Malvika , Kurmi Yashwant , Zu Zhongliang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeA new nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE)‐mediated saturation transfer signal at around −1.6 ppm, termed NOE(−1.6), has been reported at high fields of 7T and 9.4T previously. This study aims to validate the presence of this signal at a relatively low field of 4.7T and evaluate its variations in different brain regions and tumors.MethodsRats were injected with monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles to reduce the NOE(−1.6) signal. CEST signals were measured using different saturation powers before and after injection to assess the presence of this signal. Multiple‐pool Lorentzian fits, with/without inclusion of the NOE(−1.6) pool, were performed on CEST Z‐spectra obtained from healthy rat brains and rats with 9L tumors. These fits aimed to further validate the presence of the NOE(−1.6) signal and quantify its amplitude.ResultsThe NOE(−1.6) signal exhibited a dramatic change following the injection of monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles, confirming its presence at 4.7T. The NOE(−1.6) signal reached its peak at a saturation power of ∼0.75 μT, indicating an optimized power level. The multiple‐pool Lorentzian fit without the NOE(−1.6) pool showed higher residuals around −1.6 ppm compared to the fit with this pool, further supporting the presence of this signal. The NOE(−1.6) signal did not exhibit significant variation in the corpus callosum and caudate putamen regions, but it showed a significant decrease in tumors, which aligns with previous findings at 9.4T.ConclusionThis study successfully demonstrated the presence of the NOE(−1.6) signal at 4.7T, which provides valuable insights into its potential applications at lower field strengths.
Does the psychological profile of a patient with frozen shoulder predict future outcome? A systematic review
Authors: Brindisino Fabrizio , Minnucci Silvia , Sergi Giorgio , Lorusso Mariangela , Struyf Filip , Innocenti Tiziano 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeFrozen shoulder (FS) is defined as a condition characterised by functional restriction and daily and nightly pain. As in other shoulder pathologies, the manifestation of psychological factors is recognised in FS; however, from a psychological point of view, only few studies have reported its prognostic value. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate, in patients with FS, the prognostic value of psychological factors on pain, function, disability, health‐related quality of life, return to work and time to recovery.Materials and MethodsThis systematic review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analysis—PRISMA 2020 guideline. The authors followed the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic review of Intervention as methodological guidance. The Quality in Prognostic Studies—QUIPS tool was used to assess the risk of bias.ResultsPain‐related fear and depression could be prognostic regarding patient‐reported outcome measures assessing shoulder function, disability, and pain; instead, pain catastrophizing could have a prognostic value assessed by the disability of the arm shoulder and hand ‐DASH scale. Anxiety would appear to impact on disability and pain.Discussion and ConclusionsAs widely reported in numerous musculoskeletal conditions, also in FS psychological factors influence the physical dimension such as pain, disability and function. Therefore, clinicians should be encouraged to identify these factors through a comprehensive assessment of the bio‐psychological profile of each individual with FS. Perhaps, patients with FS that show such psychological prognostic factors could benefit from a comprehensive and shared approach with other dedicated professionals.
A very rare cause of pre‐capillary pulmonary hypertension: The PAMI syndrome
Authors: Iseppi Manuela , Savonitto Giulio , Tommasini Alberto , Pin Alessia , Sinagra Gianfranco , Stolfo Davide 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe report the first known case of PAMI syndrome associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) with a positive response to cyclophosphamide and pulmonary vasodilators. The patient's history began at 7 months with severe pancytopenia and fever. As time progressed, migrating arthritis, hepatosplenomegaly, and a growth deficit manifested without a plausible explanation. At the age of 17, worsening dyspnea led to a diagnosis of severe pre‐capillary pulmonary hypertension and, after a multidisciplinary evaluation, a dual therapy with both vasoactive and immunosuppressive agents led to rapid clinical improvement. After a decade of stability, stopping sildenafil caused deterioration, reversed upon reintroduction. Thirty years after the onset of signs and symptoms, a genetic test identified the underlying condition known as PAMI syndrome. As PAMI syndrome involves intense systemic inflammation similar to PAH related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), parameters and functional autonomy appropriately responded to early immunosuppressive and vasoactive therapy. PAMI syndrome, a rare autoinflammatory disease, is linked to precapillary pulmonary hypertension but the exact cause and optimal treatment approach are not fully understood, requiring further research for clarification and improved treatment options.
Preparation, Electrochemical Behavior, and Reactivity of Bis(N‐Boc type Indroquinoxaline) Derivatives
Authors: Hayashi Hideki , Oda Mitsuo , Koizumi Take‐aki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBis(N‐butoxycarbonyl indroquinoxaline) derivatives with various junctures and various arylene units were prepared. Optical and electrochemical properties were dependent not only on the juncture system but also on the introduced arylene unit at the two indroquinoxalines. Both heating and addition of trifluoroacetic acid to the compounds afforded cleavage of the N‐butoxycarbonyl (Boc) unit to form bis(N−H type indroquinoxaline) derivatives. Conversion of the Boc unit caused optical properties to change. These suggest that the properties of the indroquinoxaline derivatives are expected to be changed by chemical modification.
Fluorescent Noncovalent Organic Framework for Supporting Gold Nanoparticles as Heterogeneous Catalyst with Merits of Easy Detection and Recycle
Authors: Wang Kang , Zhao Jing , Zhang Xu , Jiang Lijia , Zhou Xue , Xie Congxia , Jia Xiaofei , Zhang Lei , Wu Zhongtao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA porous noncovalent organic framework with AIE effect is designed and synthesized as the support for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The framework is fabricated through the electrostatic complexation between carboxymethyl cellulose and tetraphenylethene‐containing ammonium surfactant, which can complex AuNPs via the noncovalent interactions to offer a heterogeneous catalyst. Compared to the covalent modification on cellulose, this noncovalent framework gains superiorities in the catalyst synthesis and the size control of AuNPs. The AIE property and water‐insolubility allow such heterogeneous catalysts to be easily detected, separated, and recycled, opening a new pathway for the reduction of nitrobenzene compounds and some dye compounds in aqueous conditions, which present the features of green chemistry. The use of cellulose for developing new heterogeneous metal catalysts, especially in a noncovalent way, would promote the value‐added utilization of cellulose. This work provides a design strategy for gaining heterogeneous metal catalysts by taking advantage of natural bioresources.
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulation Empowers Poly(I:C) to Activate Cytoplasmic RLRs and Thereby Increases Its Adjuvanticity
Authors: Lamoot Alexander , Jangra Sonia , Laghlali Gabriel , Warang Prajakta , Singh Gagandeep , Chang Lauren A. , Park Seok‐Chan , Singh Gagandeep , De Swarte Kim , Zhong Zifu , Louage Benoit , De Lombaerde Emily , Ye Tingting , Chen Yong , Cuadrado‐Castano Sara , Lienenklaus Stefan , Sanders Niek N. , Lambrecht Bart N. , García‐Sastre Adolfo , Schotsaert Michael , De Geest Bruno G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPoly(I:C) is a synthetic analogue of dsRNA capable of activating both TLR3 and RLRs, such as MDA‐5 and RIG‐I, as pathogen recognition receptors. While poly(I:C) is known to provoke a robust type I IFN, type III IFN, and Th1 cytokine response, its therapeutic use as a vaccine adjuvant is limited due to its vulnerability to nucleases and poor uptake by immune cells. is encapsulated poly(I:C) into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) containing an ionizable cationic lipid that can electrostatically interact with poly(I:C). LNP‐formulated poly(I:C) triggered both lysosomal TLR3 and cytoplasmic RLRs, in vitro and in vivo, whereas poly(I:C) in an unformulated soluble form only triggered endosomal‐localized TLR3. Administration of LNP‐formulated poly(I:C) in mouse models led to efficient translocation to lymphoid tissue and concurrent innate immune activation following intramuscular (IM) administration, resulting in a significant increase in innate immune activation compared to unformulated soluble poly(I:C). When used as an adjuvant for recombinant full‐length SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein, LNP‐formulated poly(I:C) elicited potent anti‐spike antibody titers, surpassing those of unformulated soluble poly(I:C) by orders of magnitude and offered complete protection against a SARS‐CoV‐2 viral challenge in vivo, and serum from these mice are capable of significantly reducing viral infection in vitro.
Polylysine‐Coated Surfaces Drive Competition in Chemical Reaction Networks to Enable Molecular Information Processing
Authors: Koyuncu A. Hazal , Movilli Jacopo , Sahin Sevil , Kriukov Dmitrii V. , Huskens Jurriaan , Wong Albert S. Y. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis work describes a competing activation network, which is regulated by chemical feedback at the liquid‐surface interface. Feedback loops dynamically tune the concentration of chemical components in living systems, thereby controlling regulatory processes in neural, genetic, and metabolic networks. Advances in systems chemistry demonstrate that chemical feedback could be designed based on similar concepts of using activation and inhibition processes. Most efforts, however, are focused on temporal feedback whereas biological networks are maintained by the interplay between temporal and spatial organization. Here, we designed a feedback system comprising a simple acid‐base equilibrium that can be perturbed by two opposing activation processes. Crucially, one of the processes is immobilized on the surface of a microfluidic channel using poly‐l‐lysine (PLL). We measured the capacity of the PLL‐coated channels to resist changes in pH in flow using a pH‐sensitive indicator, phenol red, and showed that this capacity can be increased by employing polyelectrolyte multilayers. Specifically, we found that the rate of local activation (i. e., the deprotonation of the immobilized lysine residues) could be significantly increased to delay the otherwise fast equilibrium. This effect allowed for encoding read and write operations, providing the potential to bestow CRNs with the capacity of molecular information processing.
Transition Metals‐Based Water Splitting Electrocatalysts on Copper‐Based Substrates: The Integral Role of Morphological Properties
Authors: Selvanathan Shankary , Meng Woi Pei , Selvanathan Vidhya , Karim Mohammad Rezaul , Sopian Kamaruzzaman , Akhtaruzzaman Md. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting is a promising alternative to produce high purity hydrogen gas as the green substitute for renewable energy. Thus, development of electrocatalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are vital to improve the efficiency of the water splitting process particularly based on transition metals which has been explored extensively to replace the highly active electrocatalytic activity of the iridium and ruthenium metals‐based electrocatalysts. In situ growth of the material on a conductive substrate has also been proven to have the capability to lower down the overpotential value significantly. On top of that, the presence of substrate has given a massive impact on the morphology of the electrocatalyst. Among the conductive substrates that have been widely explored in the field of electrochemistry are the copper based substrates mainly copper foam, copper foil and copper mesh. Copper‐based substrates possess unique properties such as low in cost, high tensile strength, excellent conductor of heat and electricity, ultraporous with well‐integrated hierarchical structure and non‐corrosive in nature. In this review, the recent advancements of HER and OER electrocatalysts grown on copper‐based substrates has been critically discussed, focusing on their morphology, design, and preparation methods of the nanoarrays.
“Noble cause casuistry” in forensic genetics
Authors: Wienroth Matthias , McCartney Carole 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the forensic genetics community, too often one can find what we have called “noble cause casuistry”: scientists believing that, “since we are catching criminals, any ethical shortfalls in our work are negated by good outcomes.” Such casuistry is also characterized by the extrapolation of “success” in individual case work to assumptions of reliability and usefulness for all forensic genetic applications, in all contexts. The increasing and deepening interaction of forensic (epi)genetics technologies with broader surveillance logics, is also rarely problematized within the community, with a notable reticence to address fundamental and complex questions about the role of forensic genetics in society. Furthermore, despite some initial progress, forensic genetics largely remains content to be guided by “thin” empiricist ethics, foregrounding notions that “maths does not lie,” with little acknowledgement of the serious limitations of this approach. Outside of laboratory settings, social and cultural effects of forensic genetics technology alter regardless of the “maths.” As such, the field needs to adopt an ethos that centralizes and deepens their ethical bona fides, approaching ethics as “lived practice,” with community accountability similar to other public‐serving professions and disciplines. This could commence with a commitment to professionalism, with a robust ethos grounded in both integrity and social justice.This article is categorized under:
Forensic Biology > Ethical and Social Implications
Pulmonary delivery of nano‐particles for lung cancer diagnosis and therapy: Recent advances and future prospects
Authors: A Rong , Han Zhaoguo , Wang Tianyi , Zhu Mengyuan , Zhou Meifang , Sun Xilin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough our understanding of lung cancer has significantly improved in the past decade, it is still a disease with a high incidence and mortality rate. The key reason is that the efficacy of the therapeutic drugs is limited, mainly due to insufficient doses of drugs delivered to the lungs. To achieve precise lung cancer diagnosis and treatment, nano‐particles (NPs) pulmonary delivery techniques have attracted much attention and facilitate the exploration of the potential of those in inhalable NPs targeting tumor lesions. Since the therapeutic research focusing on pulmonary delivery NPs has rapidly developed and evolved substantially, this review will mainly discuss the current developments of pulmonary delivery NPs for precision lung cancer diagnosis and therapy.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Respiratory Disease
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging