bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of a small molecule that activates thiosulfate sulfurtransferase and stimulates mitochondrial respiration
Authors: Al‐Dahmani Zeyana M. , Hadian Mojgan , Ruiz‐Moreno Angel J. , Maria Sabogal‐Guaqueta Angelica , Batista Fernando A. , Zhang Ran , Luo Yang , Sadremomtaz Afsaneh , van der Straat Robin , Spoor Mette , Dolga Amalia M. , Dekker Frank J. , S S Alexander Dömling , van Goor Harry , Groves Matthew R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe enzyme Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (TST, EC 2.8.1.1), is a positive genetic predictor of diabetes type 2 and obesity. As increased TST activity protects against the development of diabetic symptoms in mice, an activating compound for TST may provide therapeutic benefits in diabetes and obesity. We identified a small molecule activator of human TST through screening of an inhouse small molecule library. Kinetic studies in vitro suggest that two distinct isomers of the compound are required for full activation as well as an allosteric mode of activation. Additionally, we studied the effect of TST protein and the activator on TST activity through mitochondrial respiration. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) approaches supports an allosteric site for the binding of the activator, which is supported by the lack of activation in theEscherichia coli. mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase. Finally, we show that increasing TST activity in isolated mitochondria increases mitochondrial oxygen consumption.
Pharmacovigilance of unlicensed cannabidiol in European countries
Authors: Calapai Fabrizio , Esposito Emanuela , Ammendolia Ilaria , Mannucci Carmen , Calapai Gioacchino , Currò Mariaconcetta , Cardia Luigi , Chinou Ioanna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCannabidiol (CBD) is a multitarget agent possessing anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Unlicensed CBD gained public favor for the care of general health and well‐being as well as to get comfort from inflammatory complaints, pain, anxiety, mood, and sleep disorders. Safety profile of unlicensed CBD has been not sufficiently described. For this reason, suspected adverse reactions (SARs) to CBD unlicensed products were analyzed. Serious SARs to unlicensed CBD products in EudraVigilance, a system purchased by the European Medicines Agency, were analyzed for age, sex of the patient, adverse reactions, indication for use, and concomitant drugs. Serious SARs were 18.9% of all adverse events to unlicensed CBD; they were more frequent in men and adult people and, to a less extent, in children (3–11 years). About sex, in EudraVigilance serious Individual Cases Safety Reports of SARs to CBD in men are in the largest number (58.8%) with respect to women. Unlicensed CBD was used in the 38.8% of cases for treatment of epilepsy; more frequent adverse effects were: mental disorders, hepatic disorders, and aggravation of pre‐existing epilepsy. Drugs or substances more frequently associated with SARs were the antiepileptics clobazam and valproic acid, followed by cannabis. Results suggest that precautions and appropriate surveillance of adverse effects should be taken when unlicensed CBD is used.
Gold Nanoparticles Capped with a Novel Titanium(IV)‐Containing Polyoxomolybdate Cluster: Selective and Enhanced Bactericidal Effect Against Escherichia coli
Authors: Paesa Mónica , Almazán Fernando , Yus Cristina , Sebastián Víctor , Arruebo Manuel , Gandía Luis M. , Reinoso Santiago , Pellejero Ismael , Mendoza Gracia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBacterial infections are a public health threat of increasing concern in medical care systems; hence, the search for novel strategies to lower the use of antibiotics and their harmful effects becomes imperative. Herein, the antimicrobial performance of four polyoxometalate (POM)‐stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au@POM) against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria models, respectively, is studied. The bactericidal studies performed, both in planktonic and sessile forms, evidence the antimicrobial potential of these hybrid nanostructures with selectivity toward Gram‐negative species. In particular, the Au@GeMoTi composite with the novel [Ti2(HGeMo7O28)2]10– POM capping ligand exhibits outstanding bactericidal efficiency with a minimum inhibitory concentration of just 3.12 µm for the E. coli strain, thus outperforming the other three Au@POM counterparts. GeMoTi represents the fourth example of a water‐soluble TiIV‐containing polyoxomolybdate, and among them, the first sandwich‐type structure having heteroatoms in high‐oxidation state. The evaluation of the bactericidal mechanisms of action points to the cell membrane hyperpolarization, disruption, and subsequent nucleotide leakage and the low cytotoxicity exerted on five different cell lines at antimicrobial doses demonstrates the antibiotic‐like character. These studies highlight the successful design and development of a new POM‐based nanomaterial able to eradicate Gram‐negative bacteria without damaging mammalian cells.
Investigating river water quality assessment through non‐parametric analysis: A case study of the Godavari River in India
Authors: Modi Prakhar , Chintalacheruvu Madhusudana Rao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examines temporal variations in water quality parameters of Godavari River. The present study examines the concentrations of seven water quality parameters, namely total alkalinity (Alk), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), total hardness (Hard), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and sulfate (SO4), using data from 1981 to 2005 at seven gauging stations, that is, Mancherial, Pathagudem, Nowrangpur, Jagdalpur, Perur, Konta, and Polavaram. A seasonal analysis (pre‐monsoon, monsoon, and post‐monsoon) is conducted to detect trends in water quality parameters. The study also uses normality tests Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) and Shapiro–Wilk (S–W) which reveals nonnormal distribution in the majority of datasets, necessitating non‐parametric analysis. The concentration of Alk, Ca, and Hard is found to be significantly increasing trend at some stations during all three seasons, along with significantly decreasing trend found in the concentrations of Cl, Na, and SO4 using non‐parametric Mann–Kendall's (M–K) and Sen's Slope test. The concentration of Mg depicts mixed trends at different stations which may be due the variation in agricultural practices or industrial activities surrounding the stations. It is evident that none of the parameter exhibits statistically significant trends across all seasons at any station. The results of Sen's Slope test are found to be in good agreement with Mann–Kendall's test statistics. A second order auto‐regressive model (AR (2)) is successfully employed to predict and forecast the water quality parameters in present and future time steps. The authenticity of AR (2) model is assessed using Nash‐Sutcliffe (NSE) efficiency and coefficient of determination (R2). The values of NSE and R2 are found to be more than 0.85 for all parameters during all the three seasons, along with, the values of mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The results of coefficient of variation (CV) and persistence‐criterion (PC) also depicts that AR (2) can successfully be utilized in forecasting the water quality parameters. The research contributes insights for effective water resource management in Godavari River basin.
The Complexity of Building Bridges of Books Across Global Cultures
Authors: Kleker Dorea , Short Kathy G. , Kim HeeYoung , Joseph Reena 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBooks can provide compelling invitations for children to explore global cultures, but how those books are used influences whether readers connect information about a particular global community to that culture's deeper values. Our concerns about reducing the cultural richness of a global community and establishing stereotypes led us to explore engagements for children that encourage a cosmopolitan orientation. Through this orientation, children balance critical reflection on their own cultural loyalties with critical reflection on their openness to an unfamiliar global culture. This article focuses on our learning as teachers in an afterschool club and our recognition that books can close rather than open children's minds and build walls rather than bridges across cultures.
Statistical methods for gene–environment interaction analysis
Authors: Miao Jiacheng , Wu Yixuan , Lu Qiongshi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMost human complex phenotypes result from multiple genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. Understanding the mechanisms by which genetic and environmental factors interact offers valuable insights into the genetic architecture of complex traits and holds great potential for advancing precision medicine. The emergence of large population biobanks has led to the development of numerous statistical methods aiming at identifying gene–environment interactions (G × E). In this review, we present state‐of‐the‐art statistical methodologies for G × E analysis. We will survey a spectrum of approaches for single‐variant G × E mapping, followed by various techniques for polygenic G × E analysis. We conclude this review with a discussion on the future directions and challenges in G × E research.This article is categorized under:
Applications of Computational Statistics > Genomics/Proteomics/Genetics
Data: Types and Structure > Massive Data
Statistical Models > Linear Models
Conceptions of Diversity Among Finnish Principals
Authors: Jantunen Anita , Heikonen Lauri , Ahtiainen Raisa , Fonsén Elina , Kallioniemi Arto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrincipals have a crucial role when leading the school community towards more responsive and equitable education. Changes in Finnish society have occurred rapidly, and there is a gap in Finnish research concerning diversity in education and leadership. Our aim with this study was to form an understanding of Finnish comprehensive school principals’ conceptions of diversity. Richard Milner’s (2010) outlining of the conceptual repertoires of diversity formed the basis for this examination. This study is a quantitative analysis of the responses of Finnish comprehensive school principals to a questionnaire. The results were obtained through two separate analyses: descriptive analysis about principals’ approaches to conceptions of diversity and cluster analysis to identify the profiles of principals based on their diversity conceptions. As a result, we described Finnish principals’ conceptions of diversity, as well as identifying five profiles: the Encouragers, the Understanders, the Delegators, the Adjusters and the Discreets.
Teachers as Leaders? Finnish Student Teachers’ Perceptions of Participation in Leadership in School
Authors: Lantela Lauri , Korva Saana , Purtilo-Nieminen Sirpa , Lakkala Suvi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSchool teachers’ work is increasingly associated with leadership. Teacher autonomy is exceptionally high in Finland, and newly qualified teachers are expected to take responsibility for and participate in leadership processes, both inside their classrooms and schoolwide. To develop these abilities, student teachers should recognise the leadership dimensions of their profession to be active agents: their opportunities to participate in and influence the development of pedagogical solutions and the operation of the school. This study explores how student teachers perceive their participation and agency in leadership in their future work. The data consist of student teachers’ (N = 68) empathy-based written stories describing either the promising future of a teacher or a future in which things went poorly. The data were analysed using a narrative approach. The results show that student teachers perceive leadership to be composed of individual professional skills and external factors that enable them to be active, such as opportunities provided by the principal and the general school culture.
In Quest of Principalship
Authors: Salo Petri , Saarukka Siv 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe chapter uses a scoping literature review of Finnish school research to make sense of the task and practice of principalship in the Finnish educational context. The data consists of 20 doctoral dissertations from Finnish universities, year 2000 to 2020, in which acting and former principals study various aspects of their own professional practice.The study aims of conceptualizing and comprehending principalship using a two-step process of analysis, with two intertwined analytical frameworks. As a result, principalship is firstly described as consisting of three intertwined practices: being a principal, doing principalship and contextualising principalship. In the second step of the analysis, a framework consisting of two basic dimensions for situating the research interests in the dissertation is constructed. The first dimension consists of school leadership understood as an individual undertaking or as a shared, social and cultural practice. The second dimension either locates principalship in its organisational, cultural and operational context or focus on professional ambitions for strategic development or change. In summary, principalship consists of tasks and duties, capacities and leadership styles, or can be constructed as a contextual social practice, for enhancing collaborative school development.
Key Resilience Factors in Four Patagonia Nature-Based Tourism Destinations in the Aysén Region of Chile
Authors: Gutiérrez Vega Cecilia , Rovira Adriano , Szmulewicz Pablo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter supports the idea that tourism destinations should be prepared for adversities and that this preparation is the responsibility of key tourism stakeholders in the territory. Key resilience factors are identified for tourism destinations associated with protected areas in ChileanPatagonia. We analyze the strategic planning aspects of four case studies: Aysén Patagonia Queulat, Coyhaique-Puerto Aysén-Cerro Castillo, Lago General Carrera, and Provincia de los Glaciares (Province of the Glaciers). A measurement model was applied to assess three fundamental pillars of resilience (capabilities, ownership, and connections), incorporating natural risk assessment as a mechanism to relate resilience capacity to the territorial context. Results indicate positive evaluations for several resilience factors in three of the four tourism destinations. Nevertheless, all four destinations presented high levels of natural risks, with the Provincia de los Glaciares destination as the most vulnerable. The discussion focuses on the implications for each of the study’s destinations, suggesting that destinations with higher levels of natural risks should focus on strengthening their resilience factors. Thus, these destinations should develop strategies to build connections (relations with other networks), capacities (management of tools and knowledge, social and technical skills), and ownership (participation of local actors and managers in the governance of the territory).
Contributions of Nature Bathing to Resilience and Sustainability
Authors: Lazo Álvarez Angel Custodio , Ednie Andrea , Gale-Detrich Trace 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter discusses the merits of harmonious relationships between people, society, and nature, and their potential to help address increasing societal vulnerabilities. In recent years, The Chilean National Forestry Corporation (CONAF) has developed the concept of nature bathing, through its Nature for Everyone program. Nature bathing draws from validated programs that have been found to strengthen the immune system and reduce anxiety, depression, and stress, all of which may contribute to greater psychological resilience. Specifically, CONAF’s Nature Bathing program integrates elements of the cosmovision and practices associated with forest bathing (Shinrin Yoku, in Japanese), grounding, and Andean Indigenous and popular culture. Accredited experts facilitate a 2–3-hour experience in a PA, promoting a reflective meditation (mindfulness), that immerses participants in the environment by activating the senses. This chapter reviews the health benefits attributed to spending time in nature and developing direct relationships with nature. Next, we share some practices and traditions being employed around the world to purposefully rebuild human connections with nature. Then, we delve into CONAF’s Nature Bathing initiative, as an example of a transformative program designed to strengthen the role of PAs as public health infrastructure and help visitors build resilience while rediscovering their interconnectedness with nature.
How Changing Imaginaries of Nature and Tourism Have Shaped National Protected Area Creation in Argentine Patagonia
Authors: Anderson Christopher B. , Dicenta Mara , Archibald Jessica L. , Valenzuela Alejandro E. J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract Even regions of the planet widely considered to be “remote” or “pristine” like Patagonia are actually dynamic social-ecological systems with interrelated local-international connections of discourses, practices, and institutions. Yet, their study and management often do not consider this complexity. In Argentine Patagonia’s iconic landscapes, protected areas (PAs) represent a major human-nature relationship, and PA creation has been motivated by objectives ranging from geopolitical interests to biodiversityconservation. In this chapter, we employed the social imaginary framework to conduct an historical analysis of local, national, and international influences regarding the way nature and tourism are conceived and managed in national PAs. We evaluated the discourses (ideals, values, beliefs) and institutions (norms, rules, structures, stakeholders) involved in creating these PAs in Argentine Patagonia. The national PA system was legally formed in the 1930s, but initial efforts reach back as far as the early 1900s. We found that while the globalization of Patagonian conservation-based development has consolidated since the 1980s, local-international relationships extended over more than a century to co-produce these social-ecological systems.
Western Patagonia: From Frontiers of Exploration to the Commodification of Nature
Authors: Salazar-Burrows Alejandro , Matus Claudia , Olea-Peñaloza Jorge 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWestern Patagonia is a territory whose historical trajectory has been described in terms of the harshness of its colonization processes and the constant struggle to domesticate nature. These ideas are still in use today. This chapter reflects on two major transformations: first, the historical and environmental configuration of western Patagonia, including the colonization processes and their continuity up to the present day, and the continuities and ruptures of economic activities, mainly tourism. Second, it describes the current occupation strategies, mainly focused on the touristification of western Patagonia, understood as a process of commodification of nature. As a result, we discuss the impact of normative notions of nature and culture in the production of narratives about western Patagonia, which constitute the basis of the practices of the contemporary tourism industry. At the same time, we identify and consider that the previous production and use of data about the territory provide a particular reality in which the definition of both social and natural aspects of the territory must be considered.
Beyond the Border: Understanding Freshwater Resources, Shared Identity, and Transboundary Cooperation in Southern Patagonia
Authors: Mirza Sanober R. , Repetto Giavelli Fiorella , Thomsen Jennifer M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRapidly increasing environmental threats that transcend political borders have highlighted the need for collaborative approaches to conservation that extend beyond protected areas. Transboundary conservation operates across political and spatial scales by involving two or more countries cooperating to conserve a border resource or ecosystem. Though the recognition of transboundary conservation is growing, there is limited understanding of the key factors that can support these initiatives or impede them from achieving their goals. This study focused on the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, shared between Chile and Argentina. To gain a greater understanding of transboundary conservation within this landscape, we conducted a case study using semi-structured interviews to explore stakeholder perspectives on key factors influencing transboundary collaboration. The findings from this project have underscored the role of freshwater resources in disputed, transboundary landscapes. Second, local community collaboration, rooted in shared identity, was the basis of existing transboundary collaboration in Southern Patagonia, demonstrating the need to emphasize the local scale in transboundary initiatives. Also, a need was identified for more meaningful engagement and inclusion of both local and Indigenous communities in this transboundary landscape.
Modeling the complexity of elliptic black hole solution in 4D using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo with stacked neural networks
Authors: Hatefi Armin , Hatefi Ehsan , López-Sastre Roberto J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the black hole solution of self-similar gravitational collapse in the Einstein-axion-dilaton system for the elliptic class in four dimensions. The solution is invariant under space-time dilation, which is combined with internal SL(2,R) transformations. Due to the complex and highly nonlinear pattern of the equations of motion in the physics of black holes, researchers typically have to use various numerical techniques to make the equations tractable to estimate the parameters and the critical solutions. To this end, they have to ignore the numerical measurement errors in estimating the parameters. To our knowledge, for the first time in the literature on axion-dilation systems, we propose to estimate the critical collapse functions in a Bayesian framework. We develop a novel methodology to translate the modelling of the complexity of the elliptic black hole to a sampling problem using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo with stacked neural networks. Unlike methods in the literature, this probabilistic approach enables us not only to recover the available deterministic solution but also to explore possibly all physically distinguishable self-similar solutions that may occur due to numerical measurement errors.
S-matrix path integral approach to symmetries and soft theorems
Authors: Kim Seolhwa , Kraus Per , Monten Ruben , Myers Richard M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We explore a formulation of the S-matrix in terms of the path integral with specified asymptotic data, as originally proposed by Arefeva, Faddeev, and Slavnov. In the tree approximation the S-matrix is equal to the exponential of the classical action evaluated on-shell. This formulation is well-suited to questions involving asymptotic symmetries, as it avoids reference to non-gauge/diffeomorphism invariant bulk correlators or sources at intermediate stages. We show that the soft photon theorem, originally derived by Weinberg and more recently connected to asymptotic symmetries by Strominger and collaborators, follows rather simply from invariance of the action under large gauge transformations applied to the asymptotic data. We also show that this formalism allows for efficient computation of the S-matrix in curved spacetime, including particle production due to a time dependent metric.