bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on the technique and efficacy of microscope-assisted MI-TLIF and naked-eye MI-TLIF in lumbar revision surgery
Authors: Zhang JiaHuan , Yuan YiFang , Gao HaoRan , Liao Bo , Qian JiXian , Yan XiaoDong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Lumbar revision surgery can be performed by simple lumbar nerve decompression or lumbar interbody fusion, including percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), etc. However, lumbar revision surgery is very difficult in surgical operation. We sought to explore the technique safety and efficacy of microscope-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) in lumbar revision surgery.

Methods
Cases of postoperative recurrence following lumbar spine surgery (n = 63) treated from December 2016 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 24 cases of microscope-assisted MI-TLIF (microscopic group) and 39 cases of naked-eye MI-TLIF (naked-eye group). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, postoperative drainage, length of hospital stay, initial operation, and visual analog score (VAS) of low back and leg pain before and at 7 days and 3 months after the operation and the last follow-up were compared between the two groups. The Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores before and after the operation and the Bridwell interbody fusion grades at 1 year were compared. The independent t tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, and Chi-square tests were used for analysis.

Results
All 63 patients were successfully treated by operation and were followed up for an average of 31.5 ± 8.6 months (range 12–48 months). The two groups had no significant difference in sex, age, incision length, initial operation, or operative segment (P > 0.05). There was no significance in operation time, VAS score, ODI score, and JOA score of low back pain or Bridwell interbody fusion grade between the two groups (P > 0.05). Significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, and the lengths of hospital stay were observed between the two groups (P < 0.05). Cerebrospinal fluid leakage (n = 2), edema of nerve roots (n = 2), and incision infection (n = 1) were observed in the naked-eye group. There were no complications in the microscopic group, such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage, edema of nerve roots, and incision infection.

Conclusion
Although microscope-assisted MI-TLIF and naked-eye MI-TLIF are both effective during lumbar revision surgery, microscope-assisted MI-TLIF brings less trauma, less bleeding, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and faster recovery. Unlike traditional surgery, microscope-assisted MI-TLIF provides a clear visual field, adequate hemostasis, and nerve decompression.
Transaortic removal of a large primary sarcoma from the left ventricle assisted by strategic partial resection and endoscopic guidance: a case report
Authors: Choi Jae-Sung , Kim Jeongwon , Oh Se Jin , Ok You Jung , Seong Yong Won , Moon Hyeon Jong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment for cardiac sarcoma, a rare but lethal disease. Achieving complete removal of a large-sized left ventricular sarcoma remains a challenge even with various surgical approaches that have been employed.

Case presentation
We present a case of a 74-year-old woman with shortness of breath who underwent surgical removal of a primary cardiac sarcoma, measuring 6 × 3.5 × 3 cm, attached to the septum of the left ventricle and caused sub-aortic valve obstruction. Transaortic approach was chosen and the access to this entire huge mass was enabled by using interim partial resection which created a space for further dissection and subsequent deeper endoscopic views. The further dissection was finally able to be advanced on the apex, and the residual mass was completely resected with gross tumor-free margins.

Conclusion
Interim partial resection and endoscopic guidance can highly facilitate the transaortic removal of even large left ventricular sarcomas.
Thymoma negatively affects the neurological outcome of myasthenia gravis after thymectomy: a propensity score matching study
Authors: Tian Wenxin , Yu Hanbo , Sun Yaoguang , He Jing , Wu Qingjun , Ma Chao , Jiao Peng , Huang Chuan , Li Donghang , Tong Hongfeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Thymoma and myasthenia gravis (MG) interact with each other. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of thymoma on neurological outcome of MG patients after thymectomy using the propensity score matching (PSM) method.

Methods
Consecutive patients with MG who underwent thymectomy at Beijing Hospital between January 2012 and August 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical and follow-up data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 software. PSM was performed to eliminate selection bias.

Results
A total of 456 patients were included in this study. Thymoma was present in 138 (30.3%) patients. The median follow-up time was 72 (range, 12–135) months. At the last follow-up, a lower proportion of thymomatous MG patients achieved complete stable remission (CSR) compared with non-thymomatous MG patients (P = 0.011), and the effective rate [CSR + pharmatologic remission (PR) + minimal manifestations (MM)] of thymomatous MG patients was also lower (P = 0.037). Considering time to CSR, Kaplan–Meier analysis showed thymomatous MG patients had lower cumulative CSR rate than non-thymomatous MG patients (log-rank, P = 0.019). After PSM, 105 pairs of patients were matched successfully. For the matched patients, thymomatous MG patients had a lower CSR rate and a lower effective rate (P = 0.002, 0.039, respectively), and K–M analysis still showed thymomatous MG patients had lower cumulative CSR rate (log-rank, P = 0.048). Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that thymoma (HR: 0.592, 95% CI 0.389–0.900, P = 0.014), older age at the time of surgery (HR: 0.971, 95% CI 0.953–0.990, P = 0.003), and preoperative course of MG > 12 months (HR: 0.474, 95% CI 0.317–0.708, P = 0.000) were negative predictive factors for CSR.

Conclusions
Thymoma had a negative effect on the neurological outcome of MG after thymectomy. MG patients with old age and a preoperative course of longer than one year had a lower probability of achieving CSR.
Inverse logarithmic coefficient bounds for starlike functions subordinated to the exponential functions
Authors: Shi Lei , Abbas Muhammad , Raza Mohsan , Arif Muhammad , Kumam Poom 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, many subclasses of univalent functions, directly or not directly related to the exponential functions, have been introduced and studied. In this paper, we consider the class of $\mathcal{S}^{\ast}_{e}$

S
e
∗

for which $zf^{\prime}(z)/f(z)$
z

f
′

(
z
)
/
f
(
z
)
is subordinate to $e^{z}$

e
z

in the open unit disk. The classic concept of Hankel determinant is generalized by replacing the inverse logarithmic coefficient of functions belonging to certain subclasses of univalent functions. In particular, we obtain the best possible bounds for the second Hankel determinant of logarithmic coefficients of inverse starlike functions subordinated to exponential functions. This work may inspire to pay more attention to the coefficient properties with respect to the inverse functions of various classes of univalent functions.
The influence of the environment and lifestyle on myopia
Authors: Biswas Sayantan , El Kareh Antonio , Qureshi Mariyem , Lee Deborah Mei Xuan , Sun Chen-Hsin , Lam Janice S.H. , Saw Seang-Mei , Najjar Raymond P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Myopia, commonly known as near-sightedness, has emerged as a global epidemic, impacting almost one in three individuals across the world. The increasing prevalence of myopia during early childhood has heightened the risk of developing high myopia and related sight-threatening eye conditions in adulthood. This surge in myopia rates, occurring within a relatively stable genetic framework, underscores the profound influence of environmental and lifestyle factors on this condition. In this comprehensive narrative review, we shed light on both established and potential environmental and lifestyle contributors that affect the development and progression of myopia.

Main body
Epidemiological and interventional research has consistently revealed a compelling connection between increased outdoor time and a decreased risk of myopia in children. This protective effect may primarily be attributed to exposure to the characteristics of natural light (i.e., sunlight) and the release of retinal dopamine. Conversely, irrespective of outdoor time, excessive engagement in near work can further worsen the onset of myopia. While the exact mechanisms behind this exacerbation are not fully comprehended, it appears to involve shifts in relative peripheral refraction, the overstimulation of accommodation, or a complex interplay of these factors, leading to issues like retinal image defocus, blur, and chromatic aberration. Other potential factors like the spatial frequency of the visual environment, circadian rhythm, sleep, nutrition, smoking, socio-economic status, and education have debatable independent influences on myopia development.

Conclusion
The environment exerts a significant influence on the development and progression of myopia. Improving the modifiable key environmental predictors like time spent outdoors and engagement in near work can prevent or slow the progression of myopia. The intricate connections between lifestyle and environmental factors often obscure research findings, making it challenging to disentangle their individual effects. This complexity underscores the necessity for prospective studies that employ objective assessments, such as quantifying light exposure and near work, among others. These studies are crucial for gaining a more comprehensive understanding of how various environmental factors can be modified to prevent or slow the progression of myopia.
Baseline and Longitudinal Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Factor for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the ITACa Randomized Trial
Authors: Petracci Elisabetta , Passardi Alessandro , Biggeri Annibale , Valgiusti Martina , Monti Manlio , Frassineti Giovanni Luca , Nanni Oriana , Scarpi Emanuela 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of baseline and longitudinal levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with chemotherapy + bevacizumab (CT + B) or chemotherapy only. Additionally, we investigated whether treatment outcomes were mediated by the longitudinal biomarker. METHODS Data from an Italian randomized phase III trial were used. The main end point was progression-free survival (PFS). To address research questions, a series of joint models of longitudinal and survival data were specified, and the direct and indirect treatment effects were quantified. RESULTS Data for 239 patients, 113 (47.3%) treated with CT + B and 126 (52.7%) with CT only, were included in the analyses. The effect of NLR seemed to be mediated by the longitudinal trajectory of the biomarker. Only in the patient subgroup treated with CT + B, the baseline NLR retained a direct effect on PFS. Regarding the effect of treatment on PFS, two scenarios were observed. In the subgroup of patients with low baseline, NLR bevacizumab showed a direct protective effect only (hazard ratio [HR], 0.66 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.98]), whereas in the subgroup with high baseline NLR, there was evidence for an adverse direct effect (HR, 1.63 [95% CI, 1.03 to 2.57]) and a protective indirect—which is mediated by the longitudinal biomarker—effect (HR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.55 to 0.90]). CONCLUSION In our study, inflammatory indexes collected longitudinally showed a significant adverse prognostic role, thus suggesting the collection and use of such data for better clinical decision making. In the specific setting, we considered this is particularly important as the treatment effect seemed to be modified by both the baseline and longitudinal inflammation statuses. However, further research is needed to understand the possible factors underlying these results.
Ultrasound Features and Performance of Afirma Gene Sequencing Classifier in Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Azaryan Irina , Endo Mayumi , Sipos Jennifer A , Ma Jianing , Peng Jing , Nabhan Fadi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITN) pose a management challenge. Here we analyze if adding ultrasound characteristics to Afirma Genome Sequence Classifier (GSC) results increases GSC diagnostic performance.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 237 GSC-tested Bethesda III/IV ITNs between July 2017 and December 2019 and classified them by American Thyroid Association (ATA) and the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) of the American College of Radiology.

Results
The benign call rate was higher in Bethesda III ITNs with TIRADS &lt;5 vs TIRADS 5 (89% vs 68%. P = .015). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of GSC in ATA high-risk Bethesda III ITNs vs lower were 100% vs 80% (P = 1), 89.5% vs 91.5% (P = .67), 66.7% vs 25% (P = .13), and 100% vs 99.2% (P = 1), respectively, and for TIRADS 5 vs &lt;5 were 100% vs 80% (P = 1), 88.2% vs 91.4% (P = .65), 71.4% vs 23.5% (P = .06), and 100% vs 99.3% (P = 1). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of GSC in high-risk ATA Bethesda IV ITNs vs lower were 66.7% vs 100% (P = .42), 83.3% vs 85.7% (P = 1), 66.7% vs 64.3% (P = 1), and 83.3% vs 100% (P = .3), respectively, and for TIRADS 5 vs &lt;5 were 66.7% vs 90% (P = .42), 88.9% vs 83.8% (P = 1), 66.7% vs 60% (P = 1), and 88.9% vs 96.9% (P = .39).

Conclusion
Sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV of GSC were not significantly different in ATA high-risk and TIRADS 5 ITNs compared to ATA &lt; high-risk and TIRADS 1-4 ITNs.
The AIDS Quilt in Prison
Authors: Hobson Emily K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article examines AIDS activism in women’s prisons in the 1980s and 1990s United States through a focus on incarcerated women’s creation and display of panels for the AIDS Quilt. It argues that AIDS Quilt panels made in prison reflected the potential of incarcerated activists to use creative expression as a tool of illustrating and exercising care work inside and against the carceral state. This care work challenged the convergence of state abandonment and state violence that helped define the Reagan-Bush and Clinton eras, and it articulated the issue of women and HIV/AIDS as a problem both of illness and of caregiving.
“If You’re Going to Be Beautiful, You Better Be Dangerous”
Authors: Berg Heather 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Refusing both sex workers’ state-produced vulnerability to violence and the state’s monopoly on protection, sex worker radicals articulate community defense as a practice of care. Grounded in interviews with thinkers of the sex worker Left and in sex workers’ cultural production, this article explores sex worker community defense with an eye to its relationship to past struggles and contributions to future ones. Chief among those is the abolitionist struggle for a world beyond prisons and policing. Sex worker abolitionists identify a tension between a vision of transformative justice that rejects violence and the understanding that transformation might not come without injury to those who do violence on behalf of the state. Sex worker abolitionists seek resources for navigating this tactical ambivalence in Black radical, decolonial, and queer and feminist traditions. Many wonder if building new worlds will require a transitional program of militant community defense, even retribution.
Embodying Revolution
Authors: Moradian Manijeh 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This essay considers the 2022–23 feminist uprising in Iran through a transnational feminist lens, as part of a global revolt against patriarchal, homophobic, and transphobic state violence. After first placing the Women, Life, Freedom movement in the context of modern Iranian history, the essay analyzes the dramatic changes in revolutionary politics and consciousness that have resulted in the shift of gender and sexual liberation from the periphery to the center of the freedom struggle in Iran. These novel developments have also opened up new possibilities for diasporic and transnational feminist solidarities that can cut against Iran’s relative isolation from other social movements in the global South. The essay focuses on Iranian iterations of the Chilean feminist song “A Rapist in Your Path” as examples of how affective desires for revolution are transmitted across borders and embodied at the same time, rendering these performances situated acts of resistance as well as sites of South-South solidarity.
“Bound by a Shared Affect”
Authors: Siltanen Elina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this article, the author presents a theoretically oriented framework for teaching poetry that accounts for the role of affect. The author calls this framework reading for affective uncertainty, meaning an approach to affect and meaning that recognizes affects associated with the reading event as integral parts of the reading without expecting meaning to be inherent to texts and simply in need of interpretation, which is often a focus in teaching. Central to this framework are the notion of a poem as an object and Sara Ahmed's argument in The Cultural Politics of Emotion (2004), that objects do not cause emotions, but emotions are produced in circulation with objects. As concrete examples, the author discusses Evelyn Reilly's Echolocation (2018) and Wendy Trevino's Cruel Fiction (2018), two recent poetry books that consider relations between the human and the nonhuman and the notions of race and borders, respectively. These works generate uncertainty as to how to relate to others and thus serve as examples of the way in which reading for affective uncertainty works in acknowledging that poems can be viewed as ordinary objects that participate in generating emotion.
Wakhan Koridoru’nda (Afganistan) Pamir Kırgızlarının Yaşam Biçimi, Mevcut Durumu ve Sorunları
Authors: CAN Reyhan Rafet 
Published: January 2024

Wakhan Koridoru, Amuderya Nehri’nin kaynak sularını Pamir Dağları’ndaki kaynaklarına kadar takip ederek Bedahşan eyaletinden doğuya doğru uzanan, vadiler ve yüksek dağlardan oluşan dar bir panhandledir. İpek Yolu’nun en önemli kavşak noktası olan koridor, Avrupalılar ve Çinliler tarafından Arap Denizi Kıyıları üzerinden Hint Ovaları’na ulaşmak için bir ticaret yolu olarak kullanılmıştır. Afganistan’da Kırgız topluluğunun mensupları, kuzey Bedahşan Eyaletinde, Küçük ve Büyük Pamir olarak bilinen iki yerleşim yerinde yaşamaktadırlar. Hindikuş, Karakurum ve Pamir sıradağları arasındaki yüksek, açık vadiler, Pamir Düğümü olarak bilinen yeri oluşturur. Bu çalışmada Pamir Kırgızlarının Wakhan Vadisindeki yaşantısı, etno-kültürel özellikleri, mevcut ekonomik durumları ve sorunları ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman ve içerik analizi metodundan yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda Pamir Kırgızları nüfusunun her yıl %
6-7 oranında azaldığı, eğitim, sağlık ve medeniyetin diğer imkânlarından mahrum bırakıldıkları, Çin ve Orta Asya’daki zamana ve siyasi gelişmelere rağmen bozulmadan korunmuş büyük bir kültürel özgünlüğe ve zenginliğe sahip oldukları sonucuna varılmıştır.
Imaging, pathology, and diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor of the pancreas: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Wang Wen-Wen , Zhou Shu-Ping , Wu Xiang , Wang Luo-Luo , Ruan Yi , Lu Jun , Li Hai-Li , Ni Xu-Ling , Qiu Li-Li , Zhou Xin-Hua 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
A solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is often located in the pleura, while SFT of the pancreas is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of SFT of the pancreas and discuss imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
CASE SUMMARY
A 54-year-old man presented to our hospital with pancreatic occupancy for over a month. There were no previous complaints of discomfort. His blood pressure was normal. Blood glucose, tumor markers, and enhanced computed tomography (CT) suggested a malignant tumor. Because the CT appearance of pancreatic cancer varies, we could not confirm the diagnosis; therefore, we performed endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB). Pathology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with SFT of the pancreas. The postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with the puncture results. The patient presented for a follow-up examination one month after discharge with no adverse effects.
CONCLUSION
Other diseases must be excluded in patients with a pancreatic mass that cannot be diagnosed. CT and pathological histology have diagnostic value for pancreatic tumors. Endoscopic puncture biopsy under ultrasound can help diagnose pancreatic masses that cannot be diagnosed preoperatively. Surgery is an effective treatment for SFT of the pancreas; however, long-term follow-up is strongly recommended because of the possibility of malignant transformation of the tumor.
Virological and care outcomes of community ART distribution: Experience with the PODI+ model in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Gill Michelle M. , Bakebua Winnie , Ditekemena John , Gbomosa Cady Nyombe , Tshishi Dieudonné , Loando Aimé , Giri Abhigya , Ngantsui Roger Beni , Hoffman Heather J. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Differentiated service delivery models for HIV treatment can minimize unnecessary burdens on health systems and promote efficient delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Under the PODI+ (poste de distribution communautaire) model, ART multi-month dispensation (MMD) was provided by lay workers (peers) in communities. We compared outcomes among clinically stable adults living with HIV receiving MMD via PODI+ or health facility (HF).

Methods
Clients receiving MMD at nine HFs and two PODI+ sites in Kinshasa were followed prospectively for one year (2018–2020). Medication possession ratio (MPR) was measured as proportion of total days with medication during the study through record abstraction at 3-month intervals. Viral load was assessed at enrollment and 12 months. We compared MPR and viral load suppression by arm and examined associations and potential confounders using unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (AOR). Likert-style client satisfaction was collected during 12-month interviews and described by arm.

Results
Odds of maintaining viral load suppression at 12 months for PODI+ participants were two times that for HF participants. In adjusted models, PODI+ participants had 1.89 times the odds of being suppressed at 12 months compared to HF participants (95% CI: 1.10, 3.27). No significant differences in MPR were found between groups (OR: 0.86, 0.38–1.99). Older participants had significantly higher odds of MPR (AOR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.03) and viral suppression (AOR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.07). Satisfaction with services was ≥87% overall, but PODI+ participants rated time spent at site, provider attributes and other care aspects more favorably.

Conclusions
Participants receiving MMD via peer-run community distribution points had similar MPR, but better virological outcomes and greater satisfaction with care than clinically similar participants receiving MMD through facilities. PODI+ could be a useful model for expansion to serve larger clinic populations from overburdened health facilities, particularly as policy shifts towards more inclusive MMD eligibility requirements.