bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of the regulatory T cell-selective interleukin-2 receptor agonist rezpegaldesleukin (REZPEG) in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases including atopic dermatitis
Authors: Zalevsky Jonathan , Silverberg Jonathan , Rosmarin David , Chovatiya Raj , Bieber Thomas , Schleicher Stephen , Beck Lisa , Gooderham Melinda , Chaudhry Sohail , Fanton Christie , Yu Danni , Levy Joshua , Liu Yi , Miyazaki Takahiro , Tagliaferri Mary , Schmitz Carsten , Nirula Ajay , Kotzin Brian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Regulatory T cell (Treg) impairment is implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases but relatively little is known about the therapeutic potential of Treg restoration. Here we present the first clinical evidence for the Treg-selective interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor agonist rezpegaldesleukin (REZPEG) in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 1b trials in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) or psoriasis. REZPEG was safe and well-tolerated, demonstrating consistent pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy, meeting the primary, secondary and exploratory objectives in both trials. AD patients receiving the highest dose tested demonstrated an 83% improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score after 12 weeks of treatment. EASI improvement of ≥ 75% (EASI-75) and validated Investigator Global Assessment for Atopic Dermatitis (vIGA-AD) responses were maintained for 36 weeks after treatment discontinuation in 71% and 80% of week 12 responders, respectively. These clinical improvements were accompanied by sustained increases in CD25bright Tregs and induction of multiple immunoregulatory mechanisms. REZPEG presents a novel homeostatic approach to cutaneous disease therapy and holds clinical potential in providing long-term, treatment-free disease control.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT04081350 and NCT04119557.
Hoisting Process Simulation and Monitoring of a S-Shaped Large- Span Spatial Truss
Authors: Liu Yang , Ding Xibin , Jin Zhuangzhuang , Tang Hongyuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The reconstruction of existing subway stations usually requires the maintenance of uninterrupted subway operation, and the construction technology of large-span spatial steel structures is particularly complex and difficult. This paper focuses on a S-shaped spatial truss with span of 88.7 m in the reconstruction project of a certain subway station. Firstly, based on the arrangement of temporary supports for the truss structure and the premise of uninterrupted subway operation, the scientific and feasible three-segment hoisting scheme was determined. That is, the S-shaped truss structures was divided into three segments for hoisting construction. Then, the software ABAQUS was used to simulate the entire process of three-segment hoisting. By comparing the stress and deformation characteristics of the truss structure during hoisting process, the reasonable hoisting point arrangement was determined. Finally, through reasonable three-segment hoisting measures and real-time monitoring of the hoisting process, it was found that the monitored stress data was basically consistent with the simulated results, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the construction of the S-shaped large-span spatial truss, the safety of the construction process, and providing valuable reference for the hoisting of relevant large-span spatial steel structures.
Community Level Factors and Racial Inequities in Delivery Hospitalizations Involving Severe Maternal Morbidity in the United States, 2016-2019
Authors: Claridy Mechelle D. , Green Natalie D. Hernandez , Rathbun Stephen L. , Cordero José F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the risk of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) at delivery associated with community factors (community income and location of residence) by race/ethnicity.
Methods
We used the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project 2016–2019 National Inpatient Sample. International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes identified delivery hospitalizations with SMM. Using survey weights, delivery hospitalizations with SMM were predicted as a function of community factors using logistic regression models, with subsequent stratification by race/ethnicity.
Results
In rural areas, Native Americans had the largest disparity in delivery hospitalizations involving SMM (AOR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.71–2.55). In large metropolitan areas, Blacks had the largest disparity in delivery hospitalizations involving SMM (AOR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.84–1.99). For community income, there was an increasing trend in disparity for Blacks among delivery hospitalizations involving SMM from (AOR: 1.67; 95% CI:1.59–1.74) for the lowest quartile of community income to (AOR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.90–2.17) for the quartile with the highest community income.
Conclusions
We found that community factors contribute to the racial and ethnic differences in SMM in the United States. These factors, outside of individual factors assessed in previous studies, provide a better understanding of some of the structural and systemic factors that may contribute to SMM.
Clinical results with a multifocal intraocular lens with a novel optical design
Authors: Goldman Gustavo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
To evaluate the optical performance and safety of a new multifocal lens with a novel optical design featuring two additional foci (or intensifiers) in patients with cataract and presbyopia.
Methods
In this single-center, non-randomized prospective observational study, 31 patients underwent implantation of the new multifocal IOL between March 2020 and November 2021 in a tertiary clinical center in Buenos Aires and Ramos Mejia, Argentina. Postoperative examinations with an emphasis on uncorrected as well as corrected visual acuity for distance and near vision and over two different intermediate (80 cm and 60 cm) distances were performed over the 3 postoperative months.
Results
Of the 31 patients who underwent implantation of the new IOL, 30 had a bilateral operation (a total of 61 eyes). At 3 months, all 61 eyes had an uncorrected distance visual acuity of at least 0.15 logMAR ; 57 eyes (93%) had an uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA) of 0.1 log MAR and 27 eyes (44%) an UCDVA of 0.0 logMAR. At a distance of 80 centimeter, 60 eyes (98%) had an uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UCIVA) of at least 0.1 log MAR and 48 eyes (79%) an UCIVA of 0.0 logMAR.
Conclusion
The new multifocal IOL with a novel optical concept (5 foci) showed an extensive range of vision, particularly for intermediate and near distances, in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Uncorrected visual acuity over all tested distances, monocularly and binocularly, was excellent, spectacle-independence and patient satisfaction was high.
Dynamic Control of Optical Vector Beams with Reconfigurable BIC Metasurfaces
Authors: Liu Wenjing , ZHANG QU , Yang Xi , Zhao Hefei , Xie Yongzhi , Gao Yunan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
On-chip dynamic tailoring the polarization states and vortex topological charges of optical vector beams can find vital roles in miniaturized light sources and phase plates. Metasurfaces featuring bound states in the continuum (BIC) are known to generating various polarization states via structural symmetry engineering, but their dynamic tunability has not yet been demonstrated. In this study, we propose a reconfigurable vortex wave plate by integrating electrically tunable anisotropic liquid crystal medium with BIC metasurfaces. This scheme allows versatile polarization control spanning nearly the entire Poincar ́e sphere by rotating the liquid crystal molecules. Furthermore, we demonstrate active tuning of the vortex topological charges through interband coupling and band inversions. The on-chip multidimensional manipulation of the vector beam states holds great promises for applications in optical microscopy, manufacturing, and communications.
Pre-event psychiatric states predict trajectories of post-traumatic stress symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chiba Toshinori , Kubo Takatomi , Nakai Fumiya , Oka Taiki , Kobayashi Nao , Tanichi Masaaki , Murakami Misa , Hamamura Toshitaka , Honjo Masaru , Miyake Yuka , Ide Kentarou , Cortese Aurelio , Nagamine Masanori 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Recent time-dependent analyses of stress-related disorders have identified heterogeneity of trajectories and their modifying factors. While psychiatric patients are vulnerable to stress events, it is unclear how psychiatric conditions in the general population modulate subsequent stress responses. Using our longitudinal online survey from before the COVID-19 pandemic to post-pandemic follow-ups (n = 3815 Japanese adults), here we identified four trajectories of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) a latent growth mixture model; resilient, chronic, mild chronic, and early response. The depression/anxiety were identified as specific risk factors for the early-response trajectory. In contrast, general psychiatric burden and social withdrawal were identified as common risk/protective factors. Further, we estimated “baseline” PTSS to determine the predictability of the PTSS prognosis from pre-pandemic states. The chronic group showed significantly higher baseline PTSS scores than the mild-chronic and early-response groups, both of which were significantly higher than the resilient group. We concluded that prior psychiatric conditions significantly affect the PTSS trajectory. These results suggest that prior psychiatric conditions may be considered for the prevention and treatment of maladaptive stress responses.
Evaluation of change in oxidative stress in urolithiasis patients following complete stone clearance
Authors: Tarigopula Vivek , Devana Sudheer Kumar , Sharma Aditya P , Zohmangaihi Deepy , Singh Shrawan Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
Prior studies showed that oxidative stress (OS) is increased in urolithiaois patients. Urinary 8-hydroxy 2- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a well-established marker of OS, and its levels were elevated in patients with urolithiasis. It is unknown whether this increased OS persists even after stone removal.
Objective
We aimed to evaluate the change in urinary 8-OHdG levels in urolithiasis patients following complete stone clearance.
Design, setting and participants:
A prospective pre-post-study design (institute ethics committee: NK/5965/MS/029). Urolithiasis patients undergoing surgery for stone clearance were included. Patients with known comorbidities, malignancy, systemic illnesses, body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2, age > 50 years, serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl, and incomplete clearance were excluded. Single tertiary care center.
Outcome measurements and statistical analysis:
Urinary 8-OHdG levels were measured in a 24-hour urine sample using ELISA method preoperatively and post-surgery at three months. Mann- Whitney U test, and Kruskal- Wallis test were applied
Results and limitations:
Forty patients with a mean age and BMI of 34.65(± 11.02) years and 23.58(± 3.23) kg/m2 respectively were analysed. There was no significant difference in urinary 8-OHdG levels following stone clearance [25.770(1.47–60.38) µg/g creatinine vs 32.00(6.57- 117.35) µg/g creatinine; p = 0.63]. No significant correlation was found between age; gender; smoking or alcohol consumption; degree of hydronephrosis; or stone burden and urinary 8-OHdG levels. Limitations include a small sample size.
Conclusions
The baseline OS in urolithiasis patients does not change after complete stone clearance. Whether this persistent OS is responsible for stone recurrence needs to be explored.
Characterization of the 2-ODD DOXC Family and its Members Involved in Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Scutellaria baicalensis
Authors: Zhu Sanming , Cui Mengying , Zhao Qing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2ODD) superfamily is the second largest enzyme family in the plant genome and plays diverse roles in secondary metabolic pathways. The medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi contains various flavonoids, which have the potential to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), such as baicalein and myricetin. Flavone synthase I (FNSI) and flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) from the DOXC class of the 2ODD family have been reported to participate in flavonoid biosynthesis. It is certainly interesting to study the 2ODD members involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids in S. baicalensis.
Results
We provided a genome-wide analysis of the 2ODD family from DOXC class in S. baicalensis genome, a total of 88 2ODD genes were identified, 82 of which were grouped into 25 distinct clades based on phylogenetic analysis of At2ODDs. We then performed a functional analysis of Sb2ODDs involved in the biosynthesis of flavones and dihydroflavonols. Sb2ODD1 and Sb2ODD2 from DOXC38 clade exhibit the activity of FNSI (Flavone synthase I), which exclusively converts pinocembrin to chrysin. Sb2ODD1 has significantly higher transcription levels in the root. While Sb2ODD7 from DOXC28 clade exhibits high expression in flowers, it encodes a F3H (flavanone 3-hydroxylase). This enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the conversion of both naringenin and pinocembrin into dihydrokaempferol and pinobanksin, kinetic analysis showed that Sb2ODD7 had high catalytic efficiency to naringenin.
Conclusions
Our experiment suggests that Sb2ODD1 may serve as a supplementary factor to SbFNSII-2 and play a role in flavone biosynthesis specifically in the roots of S. baicalensis. Sb2ODD7 is mainly responsible for dihydrokaempferol biosynthesis in flowers, which can be further directed into the metabolic pathways of flavonols and anthocyanins.
Efficient Methylcyclohexane Dehydrogenation Catalysis by Al2O3-Supported Pt-Fe Alloy Cluster Catalysts
Authors: Xu Rong , akhoundzadeh hossein , Liu Lizhen , Yuan Sheng , Wu Mudi , Zhao Xin , Zheng Wang , Chong Chi Cheng , Voon Huey Lim , Liu Yan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Methylcyclohexane (MCH) has emerged as one of the most promising liquid organic hydrogen carriers. The conventional Pt/Al2O3 catalyst for MCH dehydrogenation faces issues of deactivation and low selectivity due to the suboptimal characteristics of Pt. To address these challenges, we developed a Pt-Fe alloy catalyst by modifying Al2O3-supported subnanometer Pt clusters with a sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate precursor. Spectroscopic and microscopic data reveal that the atomically dispersed Fe dilutes Pt ensemble and modulates its electronic properties through the formation of subnanometer raft-like Pt-Fe alloy, leading to enhanced catalytic stability. Furthermore, Na species suppress the formation of five-membered ring side products, thereby improving the overall selectivity. Remarkably, the Pt-Fe1.2-Na0.6/Al2O3 catalyst demonstrates exceptional performance, including high selectivity and stability, and a high hydrogen evolution rate of 2729 mmol·gPt− 1·min− 1. This superior performance can be attributed to the profound modulation of electronic and geometric properties of Pt within the bimetallic structure, which mitigates coke formation.
The Impact of Covid-19 on Inter-Organizational Coordination in Swedish Eldercare: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Lindhagen Sebastien , Modigh Anton , Winblad Ulrika 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In Sweden, healthcare provision for the frail elderly entail’s coordination between municipalities and regions. Despite formal agreements, deficiencies persist in achieving practical coordination, leading to adverse effects on patients and increased costs. The Covid-19 pandemic further strained the health- and social care system, exposing shortcomings in eldercare coordination. This paper explores the impact of crises on inter-organizational coordination between long-term organizational collaborators, operationalized through medical care coordination in Swedish nursing homes during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Methods
The study examines coordination between regionally employed physicians and municipal nursing home nurses through a mixed methods approach. A survey was sent to regional physicians and municipal nurses working with eldercare, as well as managers at both nursing homes and healthcare centers. A total of 170 participants responded to the survey, and 20 participants took part in a subsequent follow-up interview.
Results
Findings indicate that medical care coordination was perceived to have functioned relatively well during the pandemic and even to have improved afterward. Key factors contributing to this outcome include the adoption of innovative solutions, such as digital technologies, to address both staff shortages and increased demand brought on by the crisis. Trust and shared cultural values among staff fostered collaboration, while personal engagement became crucial when compatibility was lacking. The professionals also highlighted improved communication channels and enhanced coordination as a means to combat uncertainties during the crisis.
Conclusions
The perception of a well functional crisis coordination among the professional’s contrasts with more critical views in general society. This discrepancy might be attributed to different expectations during crises; professionals adhere to specified standards, values and beliefs within their specialized cultures. Professionals might therefore have a more nuanced perception of what they believe constitutes good medical care coordination. Theoretical contributions include integrating the crisis management literature with inter-organizational coordination in healthcare. The approach provides new insights to clarify the impact of crises on medical care coordination, and identifying important factors regarding inter-organizational coordination during crises.
Observation of the Magnonic Dicke Superradiant Phase Transition
Authors: Kono Junichiro , Kim Dasom , Dasgupta Sohail , Ma Xiaoxuan , Park J-M , Wei Hao-Tian , Luo Liang , Doumani Jacques , Li Xinwei , Yang Wanting , Cheng Di , Kim Richard , Everitt Henry , Kimura Shojiro , Nojiri Hiroyuki , Wang Jigang , Cao Shixun , Bamba Motoaki , Hazzard Kaden 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Two-level atoms coupled with single-mode cavity photons are predicted to exhibit a quantum phase transition when the coupling strength exceeds a critical value, entering a phase in which atomic polarization and the photonic field are finite even at zero temperature and without external driving. However, this phenomenon, the superradiant phase transition (SRPT), is forbidden by a no-go theorem due to the existence of the diamagnetic term in the Hamiltonian. Here, we present spectroscopic evidence for a magnonic SRPT in ErFeO3, where the role of the photonic mode (two-level atoms) in the photonic SRPT is played by an Fe3+ magnon mode (Er3+ spins). The absence of the diamagnetic term in the Fe3+--Er3+ exchange coupling ensures that the no-go theorem does not apply. Ultrabroadband terahertz and gigahertz magnetospectroscopy experiments revealed the signatures of the SRPT -- a kink and a softening, respectively, of two spin--magnon hybridized modes at the critical point. These results unambiguously demonstrate the long-sought SRPT in thermal equilibrium offered by the Dicke Hamiltonian. The approach of using exchange interactions to realize the magnonic SRPT provides insights into harnessing the powerful phenomena associated with photonic SRPTs and understanding condensed matter phases. Systems near this phase are expected to harbor large-scale entanglement and squeezing, which will potentially provide a route to a new class of quantum technologies.
AI Chatbots in Higher Education. A state-of-the-art review of an emerging research area
Authors: McGrath Cormac , Farazouli Alexandra , Cerratto-Pargman Teresa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
AI chatbots trained on large language models are an example of Generative AI which brings promises and threats to the higher education sector. In this study, we examine the emerging research area of AI chatbots in higher education (HE), focusing specifically on empirical studies conducted since the release of ChatGPT. Our state-of-the-art review included 23 research articles published between December 2022 and December 2023 exploring the use of AI chatbots in HE settings. We take a three-pronged approach to the empirical data. We first, examine the state of the emerging field of AI chatbots in HE. Second, we identify the theories of learning used in the empirical studies on AI chatbots in HE. Third, we scrutinize the discourses of AI in HE framing the latest empirical work on AI chatbots. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the eclectic state of the nascent research area of AI chatbots in HE, the lack of common conceptual groundings about human learning and the presence of both dystopian and utopian discourses about the future role of AI chatbots in HE.
Art or Artifact: Evaluating the Accuracy, Appeal, and Educational Value of AI-Generated Imagery in DALL·E 3 for Illustrating Congenital Heart Diseases
Authors: Temsah Mohamad-Hani , Alhuzaimi Abdullah N , Almansour Mohammed , Aljamaan Fadi , Alhasan Khalid , Batarfi Munirah A , Altamimi Ibraheem , Alharbi Amani , Alsuhaibani Adel Abdulaziz , Alwakeel Leena , Alzahrani Abdulrahman Abdulkhaliq , Alsulaim Khaled B. , Jamal Amr , Khayat Afnan , Alghamdi Mohammed Hussien , Halwani Rabih , Khan Muhammad Khurram , Al-Eyadhy Ayman , Nazer Rakan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly AI-Generated Imagery, holds the capability to transform medical and patient education. This research explores the use of AI-generated imagery, from text-to-images, in medical education, focusing on congenital heart diseases (CHD). Utilizing ChatGPT's DALL·E 3, the research aims to assess the accuracy and educational value of AI-created images for 20 common CHDs. The study involved generating a total of 110 images for normal human heart and 20 common CHDs through DALL·E 3. Then, 33 healthcare professionals systematically assessed these AI-generated images by variable levels of healthcare professionals (HCPs) using a developed framework to individually assess each image anatomical accuracy, in-picture text usefulness, image appeal to medical professionals and the potential to use the image in medical presentations. Each item was assessed on a Likert scale of three. The assessments produced a total of 3630 images’ assessments. Most AI-generated cardiac images were rated poorly as follows: 80.8% of images were rated as anatomically incorrect or fabricated, 85.2% rated to have incorrect text labels, 78.1% rated as not usable for medical education. The nurses and medical interns were found to have a more positive perception about the AI-generated cardiac images compared to the faculty members, pediatricians, and cardiology experts. Complex congenital anomalies were found to be significantly more predicted to anatomical fabrication compared to simple cardiac anomalies. There were significant challenges identified in image generation. These findings suggest adopting a cautious approach in integrating AI imagery in medical education, emphasizing the need for rigorous validation and interdisciplinary collaboration. The study advocates for future AI-models to be fine-tuned with accurate medical data, enhancing their reliability and educational utility.