bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Wellvii VitalDetect blood pressure monitor in general population according to the International Standardization Organization 81060-2:2018
Authors: Li Lin-Yi , Chen Jin-Feng , Bing Sen , Liu Kui , Cheng Rui , Wan Yi 
Published: November 2023

Objective
To evaluate the accuracy of the Wellvii VitalDetect automated oscillometric finger blood pressure monitor (single cuff size) for self/home blood pressure measurement according to the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018).

Methods
According to the universal standard, a total of 92 participants were recruited and finally blood pressure of 85 eligible participants was sequentially measured and compared with a standard mercury sphygmomanometer.

Results
A total of 255 comparison pairs were obtained and analyzed based on the universal standard. For the validation criterion 1 of the ISO 81060-2:2018 universal standard, the mean ± SD of the differences between the test device and reference blood pressure readings was 1.66 ± 7.67 and 1.04 ± 6.45 mmHg for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. For criterion 2, the SD of the averaged blood pressure differences between the test device and reference blood pressure per subject was ± 6.49 mmHg (pass ≤ 6.73 mmHg) and ± 5.67 mmHg (pass ≤ 6.86 mmHg) for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively.

Conclusion
The Wellvii VitalDetect automated finger blood pressure monitor passed all the requirements for validation by the ISO 81060-2:2018 universal standard and can be recommended for self/home blood pressure measurement in general population.
Validation of the oscillometric home blood pressure monitor Braun BUA4000 with wide-range cuff in a general population according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization (AAMI/ESH/ISO) Universal Standard
Authors: Ntousopoulos Vasileios , Ntineri Angeliki , Theodosiadi Aikaterini , Stathopoulou Panagiota , Menti Ariadni , Kyriakoulis Konstantinos G. , Kollias Anastasios , Stergiou George S. 
Published: November 2023

Objective
To evaluate the blood pressure (BP) measurement accuracy of the Braun BUA4000 automated oscillometric upper-arm cuff device for self-home use in a general population according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization (AAMI/ESH/ISO) Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018) and its Amendment 1.2020-01.

Methods
Participants were recruited to fulfill the age, sex, BP and limb circumference distribution criteria of the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard in a general population using the same arm sequential BP measurement method. A single wide-range cuff of the test device was used for arm circumference range 22–42 cm.

Results
A total of 98 individuals were recruited and 85 were analyzed [mean age 60.3 ± 16.1 (SD) years, 44 men, arm circumference 31.5 ± 5.1 cm, range 22–41.5 cm]. For validation criterion 1, the mean difference ± SD between the test device and reference BP readings (N = 255) was 0.9 ± 6.4/−0.3 ± 6.4 mmHg (systolic/diastolic; threshold ≤5 ± 8 mmHg). For criterion 2, the SD of the averaged BP differences between the test device and reference BP per individual (N = 85) was 5.15/5.81 mmHg (systolic/diastolic; threshold ≤6.88/6.95 mmHg).

Conclusion
The Braun BUA4000 automated oscillometric BP monitor fulfilled all the requirements of the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard in a general population and can be recommended for self-monitoring of BP by patients at home.
Remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation jointly in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: implications for clinical trials
Authors: Elías-López Daniel , Doi Takahito , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Kobylecki Camilla J. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death despite the development of effective treatments. Recently, elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation have emerged as factors explaining part of the residual ASCVD risk. Interestingly, the coexistence of both high remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation can further increase the risk of ASCVD. The aim of this review is to describe the role of elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation, separately and combined, in ASCVD.

Recent findings
Results from recently published studies, including observational and genetic Mendelian randomization studies, support a causal relationship between elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation on risk of ASCVD in both primary and secondary prevention settings. In addition, current evidence from observational studies suggests that the coexistence of elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation further increases the risk of ASCVD.

Summary
Recent observational studies suggest that high remnant cholesterol combined with low-grade inflammation may confer a particular high risk for ASCVD. Attention on the dual threat from high remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation is necessary, and further research in this field is warranted. The effect of remnant cholesterol-lowering drugs and anti-inflammatory drugs on ASCVD risk alone and combined remains to be elucidated.

Video abstract

http://links.lww.com/COCN/A20
Quantitative susceptibility mapping at 7 Tesla in COVID-19: mechanistic and outcome associations
Authors: Rua Catarina , Raman Betty , Rodgers Christopher T , Newcombe Virginia FJ , Manktelow Anne , Chatfield Doris A , Sawcer Stephen J. , Outtrim Joanne G , Lupson Victoria C , Stamatakis Emmanuel A , Williams Guy B , Clarke William T , Qiu Lin , Ezra Martyn , McDonald Rory , Clare Stuart , Cassar Mark , Neubauer Stefan , Ersche Karen D , Bullmore Edward T , Menon David K , Pattinson Kyle , Rowe James B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPost mortemstudies have shown that patients dying from severe SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently have pathological changes in their central nervous system, particularly in the brainstem. Many of these changes are proposed to result from para-infectious and/or post-infection immune responses. Clinical symptoms such as fatigue, breathlessness, and chest pain are frequently reported in post-hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We propose that these symptoms are in part due to damage to key neuromodulatory brainstem nuclei. While brainstem involvement has been demonstrated in the acute phase of the illness, the evidence of long-term brainstem change on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is inconclusive. We therefore used ultra-high field (7T) quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to test the hypothesis that brainstem abnormalities persist in post-COVID patients and that these are associated with persistence of key symptoms.We used 7T QSM data from 30 patients, scanned 93 – 548 days after hospital admission for COVID-19 and compared them to 51 age-matched controls without prior history of COVID-19 infection. We correlated the patients’ QSM signals with disease severity (duration of hospital admission and COVID-19 severity scale), inflammatory response during the acute illness (C-reactive protein, D-Dimer and platelet levels), functional recovery (modified Rankin scale; mRS), depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7).In COVID-19 survivors the MR susceptibility increased in the medulla, pons and midbrain regions of the brainstem. Specifically, there was increased susceptibility in the inferior medullary reticular formation and the raphe pallidus and obscurus. In these regions, patients with higher tissue susceptibility had worse acute disease severity, higher acute inflammatory markers, and significantly worse functional recovery.Using non-invasive ultra-high field 7T MRI, we show evidence of brainstem pathophysiological changes associated with inflammatory processes in post-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors. This study contributes to understanding the mechanisms of long-term effects of COVID-19 and recovery.
Assessment of the effectiveness of required weekly COVID-19 surveillance antigen testing at a university
Authors: Ryan Christopher W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic, many institutions implemented a regimen of periodic required testing, irrespective of symptoms. The effectiveness of this”surveillance testing” requires assessment.MethodsI fit a zero-inflated negative binomial model to COVID-19 testing and case investigation data between 1 November 2020 and 15 May 2021, from young adult subjects in one community. I compared the duration of symptoms at time of specimen collection in those diagnosed via (1) surveillance testing at a university, (2) the same university’s student health services, and (3) all other testing venues.ResultsThe data comprised 2926 records: 393 from surveillance testing, 493 from student health service, and 2040 from other venues. About 65% of people with COVID-19 detected via surveillance testing were already symptomatic at time of specimen collection.Predicted mean duration of pre-testing symptoms was 1.7 days (95% CI 1.59 to 1.84) for the community, 1.81 days (95% CI 1.62 to 1.99) for surveillance, and 2 days (95% CI 1.83 to 2.16) for student health service. The modelled “inflated” proportions of asymptomatic subjects from the surveillance stream and the other/community stream were comparable (odds ratio 0.95, p = 0.7709). Comparing surveillance testing with the student health service, the proportion of “excess” zero symptom durations was signficantly higher in the former (Chi-square = 12.08, p = 0.0005)ConclusionsSurveillance testing at a university detected 393 people with COVID-19, but no earlier in their trajectory than similar-aged people detected in the broader community. This casts some doubt on the public health value of such programs, which tend to be labor-intensive and expensive.2Three-question summary boxWhat is the current understanding of this subject?Assessments of long-term operational effectiveness of COVID-19 “surveillance testing” have not been published.What does this report add to the literature?During the 2020-2021 academic year at one university, people with COVID-19 detected via compulsory weekly surveillance antigen testing were equally likely to be symptomatic at time of detection, and for just as long, as similar-aged people detected via testing venues in the community.What are the implications for public health practice?Surveillance testing programs during the pandemic consumed a large amount of time, money, and effort. In future respiratory pandemics, resources might be better devoted to other mitigation measures.
Sex differences in profile and in-hospital mortality for acute stroke in Chile: data from a nationwide hospital registry
Authors: Nuñez Marilaura , Allende Ma.Ignacia , Gonzalez Francisca , Cavada Gabriel , Anderson Craig S. , Muñoz-Venturelli Paula 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge of local contextual sex-differences in the profile and outcome for stroke can improve service delivery. We aimed to determine sex-differences in the profile of patients with acute stroke and their associations with in-hospital mortality (I-HM) in the national hospital database of Chile.MethodsWe present a retrospective cohort based on the analysis of the 2019 Chilean database of Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs), which represents 70% of the operational expenditure of the public health system. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine independent associations of acute stroke (defined by main diagnosis ICD-10 codes) and I-HM, and reported with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsOf 1,048,575 hospital discharges, 15,535 were for patients with acute stroke (7,074 [45.5%] in women) and 2,438 (15.6%) of them died in-hospital. Disparities by sex in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were identified for stroke and main subtypes. Women with ischemic stroke had lower I-HM (OR 0.80, 95%CI 0.70-0.92;P=0.002) compared to men; other independent predictors included age (1.03, 1.03-1.04;P<0.001), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (1.48, 1.20-1.81;P<0.001), atrial fibrillation (1.56, 1.34-1.83;P<0.001), admission to hospital without a stroke unit (1.21, 1.05-1.39;P=0.003), and several risk factors. Conversely for intracerebral hemorrhage, women had higher I-HM than men (1.21, 1.04-1.41; P=0.02); other independent predictors included age (1.01, 1.00-1.01;P<0.001), CKD (1.54, 1.22-1.94;P<0.001), oral anticoagulant use (2.01, 1.56-2.59;P<0.001), and several risk factors.ConclusionSex disparities in patients characteristics and in-hospital mortality exist for acute stroke in Chile. I-HM is higher for acute ischemic stroke in men and higher for ICH in women. Future research is need to better identify contributing factors.
Comparative Study of Arteriosclerosis in Young and Elderly Individuals Using Carotid Artery Ultrasonography
Authors: Kawagishi Ikuko , Isobe Kenichi , Koshikawa Takashi , Murase Masaya , Naiki Yoshiharu , Ota Kosei , Ohira Yosuke , Kondo Haruka , Shinohara Takumi , Shimazaki Yuto , Takagi Kakeru , Takahashi Ayaka , Yamamoto Marina , Yoshida Atsushi , Ando Yoshitaka , Ohnishi Kazunori 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtherosclerosis-related strokes in middle-aged to elderly individuals have become a significant concern due to the risk to their lives and the deterioration of their quality of life. Ultrasonographic evaluation is becoming evident that it is useful for preventing strokes. However, many studies to date have used middle-aged and older subjects.ObjectiveSince Shubun University has many students, as well as older faculty and staff, we searched for how effective carotid artery ultrasonographic evaluation is in predicting future cerebral infarction and other vascular disorders by comparing arterial stiffness between young and elderly subjects.MethodsWe examined the carotid arteries of 89 healthy adults (37 males and 52 females) from Shubun University, ranging in age from 19 to 77 years old. We measured the intima-media thickness (IMT), the plaques, and the vessel diameter following the guidelines for carotid artery ultrasonography.ResultsIMT showed a significant age-related increase in both men and women in various parts of the carotid artery, except for women in the bifurcation area in our study. The overall max IMT of the carotid artery showed a significant age-related increase in both men and women. While carotid artery IMT did not change much until the 40s, there was a trend of thickening in the 50s to 60s. Plaque formation began to appear around the 40s. Age-related changes in vascular diameter were more pronounced in older men, particularly those aged 50 and above.ConclusionsThe results revealed that IMT, the number of plaques and the inner diameter of the carotid artery, remained largely unchanged up to the age of 40, after which they began to increase.
Metastability indexes global network effects post brain stimulation
Authors: Bapat Rishabh , Pathak Anagh , Banerjee Arpan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that coordination among neural ensembles is a key to understand human cognition. A well charted path is to identify coordination states associated with cognitive functions from spectral changes in the oscillations of EEG or MEG. A growing number of studies suggest that the tendency to switch between coordination states, sculpts the dynamic repertoire of the brain and can be indexed by a measure known as metastability. In this article, we characterize perturbations in the metastability of global brain network dynamics following Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation that could quantify the duration for which information processing is altered, thus, allowing researchers to understand the network effects of brain stimulation, standardise stimulation protocols and design experimental tasks. We demonstrate the effect empirically using publicly available datasets and use a digital twin (a whole brain connectome model) to understand the dynamic principles that generate such observations. We observed a significant reduction in metastability, concurrent with an increase in coherence following single-pulse TMS reflecting the existence of a window where neural coordination is altered. The reduction in complexity was validated by an additional measure based on the Lempel-Ziv complexity of microstate labelled EEG data. Interestingly, higher frequencies in the EEG signal showed faster recovery in metastability than lower frequencies. The digital twin shed light on how the phase resetting introduced by the single-pulse TMS in local cortical networks can propagate globally across the whole brain and give rise to changes in metastability and coherence.
Interpretable models for scRNA-seq data embedding with multi-scale structure preservation
Authors: Novak David , de Bodt Cyril , Lambert Pierre , Lee John A. , Van Gassen Sofie , Saeys Yvan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe power to efficiently explore high-dimensional single-cell omics data is crucial for many biological applications. Dimensionality reduction techniques have therefore emerged as a basic building block of analytical workflows. By producing salient low-dimensional embeddings, they capture important structures in the data and are often used in visualisation, quality control, discovery and downstream analysis. However, current methods lack trustworthiness measures, resulting in the danger of misinterpretation. We tackle this withViVAE: a deep learning model that achieves multi-scale preservation of structure and enhances interpretability through a set of novel, visual quality control techniques. In addition, we provideViScore: a robust scoring framework that advances quantitative evaluation of embeddings with both unsupervised and supervised metrics that are scalable and fair. By applying our novel methods to a variety of datasets, we demonstrate the potential of our framework to spearhead the development of more trustworthy dimensionality reduction.
Identification of SIRT4 as a novel paralog-specific interactor and candidate suppressor of C-RAF kinase in MAPK signaling
Authors: Mehrabipour Mehrnaz , Dvorsky Radovan , Nakhaei-Rad Saeideh , Lang Alexander , Verhülsdonk Patrick , Ahmadian Mohammad Reza , Piekorz Roland P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCellular responses leading to development, proliferation, and differentiation rely on RAF/MEK/ERK signaling that integrates and amplifies signals from various stimuli to cellular downstream responses. The clinical significance of C-RAF activation has been reported in many types of tumor cell proliferation and developmental disorders, which requires the discovery of potential C-RAF protein regulators. Here, we identify a novel and specific protein interaction between C-RAF, among the RAF kinase paralogs, and SIRT4 among the mitochondrial sirtuin family members SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5. Structurally, C-RAF binds to SIRT4 through the N-terminal cysteine-rich domain (CRD; a.a. 136-187), and on the other side, SIRT4 requires predominantly the C-terminus (a.a. 255-314) for full interaction with C-RAF. Interestingly, SIRT4 interacts specifically with C-RAF in a pre-signaling inactive (serine 259 phosphorylated) state. Consistent with this finding, ectopic expression of SIRT4 in HEK293 cells results in upregulation of pS259-C-RAF levels and concomitant reduction of MAPK signaling as evidenced by strongly decreased phospho-ERK signals. Thus, our findings propose another extra-mitochondrial role of SIRT4 and suggest that SIRT4 functions as a cytosolic tumor suppressor of C-RAF-MAPK signaling, besides its known metabolic tumor suppressor role towards glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine levels in mitochondria.
Hierarchical regulation of functionally antagonistic neuropeptides expressed in a single neuron pair
Authors: Aoki Ichiro , Golinelli Luca , Dunkel Eva , Bhat Shripriya , Bassam Erschad , Beets Isabel , Gottschalk Alexander 
Published: November 2023

SummaryNeuronal communication involves small-molecule transmitters, gap junctions, and neuropeptides. While neurons often express multiple neuropeptides, our understanding of the coordination of their action and their mutual interactions remains limited. Here, we demonstrate that two neuropeptides, NLP-10 and FLP-1, released from the same interneuron pair, AVKL/R, exert antagonistic effects on locomotion speed inCaenorhabditis elegans. NLP-10 accelerates locomotion by activating the G protein-coupled receptor NPR- 35 on premotor interneurons that promote forward movement. Notably, we establish that NLP-10 is crucial for the aversive response to mechanical and noxious light stimuli. Conversely, AVK-derived FLP-1 slows down locomotion by suppressing the secretion of NLP-10 from AVK, through autocrine feedback via activation of its receptor DMSR-7 in AVK neurons. Our findings suggest that peptidergic autocrine motifs, exemplified by the interaction between NLP-10 and FLP-1, might represent a widespread mechanism in nervous systems across species. These mutual functional interactions among peptidergic co-transmitters could fine-tune brain activity.Highlights• A pair of neurons elicits opposing behaviors via two distinct neuropeptides• The neuropeptide NLP-10 accelerates locomotion by activating premotor interneurons• Release of the neuropeptide FLP-1 reduces NLP-10 release via autocrine feedback• NLP-10 is crucial for escaping aversive mechanical stimuli and noxious blue lighteTOC blurbNeuropeptidergic communication is complex due to the hundreds of proteinaceous transmitters and receptors involved. Aoki and colleagues demonstrate a further layer of regulation, where one neuropeptide negatively influences release of an antagonistic neuropeptide by autocrine feedback, in a single neuron pair. This may represent a general principle in neuropeptidergic signaling.