bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meristoderes zmaj sp. n., a new species of Kinorhyncha (Cyclorhagida: Echinoderidae) from the Adriatic Sea
Authors: González-Casarrubios Alberto , Sánchez Nuria , Cepeda Diego , Pardos Fernando 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A new species of the cyclorhagid genus Meristoderes is described. Meristoderes zmaj sp. n. is distinguished from its congeners by its unique arrangement of spines and tubes. It possesses acicular spines on segments 4, 6 and 8 in middorsal position and on segments 6–9 in lateroventral position; and tubes on segment 2 in subdorsal, midlateral and ventrolateral position, on segment 5 in lateroventral position and on segment 10 in laterodorsal position. With the formal description of M. zmaj sp. n., the number of species within the genus is increased to 10. In addition, the appearance of a new species and its accompanying fauna within the North-Eastern Adriatic Sea fauna, extensively studied by Kinorhyncha taxonomists, is discussed.
Disentangling pain and fatigue in chronic fatigue syndrome: a resting state connectivity study before and after cognitive behavioral therapy
Authors: van der Schaaf Marieke E. , Geerligs Linda , Toni Ivan , Knoop Hans , Oosterman Joukje M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundFatigue is a central feature of myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), but many ME/CFS patients also report comorbid pain symptoms. It remains unclear whether these symptoms are related to similar or dissociable brain networks. This study used resting-state fMRI to disentangle networks associated with fatigue and pain symptoms in ME/CFS patients, and to link changes in those networks to clinical improvements following cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).MethodsRelationships between pain and fatigue symptoms and cortico-cortical connectivity were assessed within ME/CFS patients at baseline (N = 72) and after CBT (N = 33) and waiting list (WL, N = 18) and compared to healthy controls (HC, N = 29). The analyses focused on four networks previously associated with pain and/or fatigue, i.e. the fronto-parietal network (FPN), premotor network (PMN), somatomotor network (SMN), and default mode network (DMN).ResultsAt baseline, variation in pain and fatigue symptoms related to partially dissociable brain networks. Fatigue was associated with higher SMN-PMN connectivity and lower SMN-DMN connectivity. Pain was associated with lower PMN-DMN connectivity. CBT improved SMN-DMN connectivity, compared to WL. Larger clinical improvements were associated with larger increases in frontal SMN-DMN connectivity. No CBT effects were observed for PMN-DMN or SMN-PMN connectivity.ConclusionsThese results provide insight into the dissociable neural mechanisms underlying fatigue and pain symptoms in ME/CFS and how they are affected by CBT in successfully treated patients. Further investigation of how and in whom behavioral and biomedical treatments affect these networks is warranted to improve and individualize existing or new treatments for ME/CFS.
ON MODELLING WATER QUALITY WITH STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: MANSOUR MAHMOUD B. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBased on biochemical kinetics, a stochastic model to characterize wastewater treatment plants and dynamics of river water quality under the influence of random fluctuations is proposed in this paper. This model describes the interaction between dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and is in the form of stochastic differential equations driven by multiplicative Gaussian noises. The stochastic persistence problem for the model of the system is analysed. Further, a numerical simulation of the stationary probability distributions of BOD and OD by approximations of the stochastic process solution is presented. These results have implications for the prediction and control of pollutants.
‘Never cry for food’: food security, poverty, and recurring themes in news media regarding rabbit farming in East Africa
Authors: Johnson Kimberly E. , Hayes Julia , Davidson Patricia , Tinago Chiwoneso B. , Anguyo Geoffrey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Rabbit farming is a form of low input agriculture that has potential to address food security and poverty in East Africa and beyond. For low input agriculture, farmers utilize local and affordable farm resources making it accessible across income levels. Understanding barriers and facilitators to rabbit farming could increase effectiveness of this form of low input agriculture in communities struggling with low food security and poverty, particularly for indigenous, smallholder farms. News media is an available source of data about community perceptions and practices on issues such as rabbit farming, food security, and poverty. For this qualitative study, researchers applied a priori and open coding text analysis to examine recurring themes in news media representations regarding perceptions of rabbit farming in East Africa. Results reveal that community members view rabbit farming as a community strategy that promotes better nutrition and food security while reducing poverty. Important themes included how gender and other cultural norms shaped efforts, and the role of sustainability and climate change on farming practices. Further, the easy cultivation of rabbits, funding, and protective policy and support of indigenous smallholder farms were perceived as facilitators for rabbit farming. Finally, investment in infrastructure for market, production, and knowledge-transfer of best production and business practices were considered critical to success for rabbit farmers throughout East Africa.
Direct Observation of the Space Hurricane Disturbed Polar Thermosphere
Authors: Xiu Zhi‐Feng , Ma Yu‐Zhang , Zhang Qing‐He , Xing Zan‐Yang , Zhang Shun‐Rong , Zhang Yong‐Liang , Oksavik Kjellmar , Lyons Larry , Lockwood Michael , Wang Yong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe space hurricane is a three‐dimensional magnetic vortex structure with strong flow shears and electron precipitation in the polar cap. This study investigates for the first time how a space hurricane disturbs the polar thermosphere. During the formation and development of the space hurricane, the directional reversal of the horizontal neutral wind and the plasma convection will both be relocated from the poleward auroral oval boundary to the edge of the space hurricane, but the neutral wind responds slower compared to the plasma convection. Strong flow shears in the space hurricane causes enhanced Joule heating in the polar cap, which heats the thermosphere and triggers Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGWs). Statistical results reveal that significant AGWs mainly are located on the dawnside of the space hurricane, suggesting that the space hurricane plays a significant role in ion‐neutral coupling and generation of polar cap AGWs.
Growth and micronutrient status parameters of Nigerian preterm infants consuming preterm formula or breastmilk
Authors: Owolabi Adedotun Joshua , Ayede Idowu Adejumoke , Akinrinoye Olugbenga Oyewumi , Falade Adegoke Gbadegesin , Ajibola Gboyega Bosun , Christopher Ologunore Olufisayo , Arifalo Gregory Olawole , Abiona Ayodele Oladejo , Feskens Edith J. M. , Melse-Boonstra Alida , Schaafsma Anne 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Moderate-to-late preterm infants (32–34 weeks GA) have increased risk of neonatal morbidities compared to term infants, however dedicated nutritional guidelines are lacking.

Methods
Moderate-to-late preterm infants received a preterm formula (n = 17) or breastmilk (n = 24) from age 2–10 weeks in a non-randomized, open-label observational study. Anthropometric measurements were assessed bi-weekly. Blood concentrations of hemoglobin, ferritin, serum retinol, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25OHD) were analyzed at age 2 and 10 weeks.

Result
Average growth per day was 14.7 g/kg BW/day in formula-fed and 12.8 g/kg BW/day in breastmilk-fed infants but not different from each other. Length and head circumference in both groups were in line with the median reference values of the Fenton growth chart. At 10 weeks of age, hemoglobin tended to be higher in the formula-fed group (10.2 g/dL vs. 9.6 g/dL, p = 0.053). 25OHD increased in formula- and breastmilk-fed infants from 73.8 to 180.9 nmol/L and from 70.7 to 97.6 nmol/L, respectively. Serum retinol only increased in the formula-fed group (0.63 to 1.02 µmol/L, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Breastfeeding resulted in adequate growth in moderate-late preterm infants but was limiting in some micronutrients. The preterm formula provided adequate micronutrients, but weight gain velocity was higher than the Fenton reference value.

Impact statement

Unfortified breastmilk resulted in adequate growth in weight, length and head circumference in Nigerian moderate to late preterm infants during an study period of 8 weeks, but status of vitamin D, vitamin A and iron needs to be monitored.

The high-energy formula, developed for very preterm infants, resulted in higher growth in body weight in moderate to late preterm infants than the median of the Fenton preterm growth chart.

This study supports the necessity of dedicated nutritional guidelines, and regular monitoring of growth and nutritional status of moderate to late preterm infants.
Slc20a1 and Slc20a2 regulate neuronal plasticity and cognition independently of their phosphate transport ability
Authors: Ramos-Brossier Mariana , Romeo-Guitart David , Lanté Fabien , Boitez Valérie , Mailliet François , Saha Soham , Rivagorda Manon , Siopi Eleni , Nemazanyy Ivan , Leroy Christine , Moriceau Stéphanie , Beck-Cormier Sarah , Codogno Patrice , Buisson Alain , Beck Laurent , Friedlander Gérard , Oury Franck 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), a rare neurological disease characterized by a wide spectrum of cognitive disorders, has been associated to mutations in the sodium (Na)-Phosphate (Pi) co-transporter SLC20A2. However, the functional roles of the Na-Pi co-transporters in the brain remain still largely elusive. Here we show that Slc20a1 (PiT-1) and Slc20a2 (PiT-2) are the most abundant Na-Pi co-transporters expressed in the brain and are involved in the control of hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. We reveal that Slc20a1 and Slc20a2 are differentially distributed in the hippocampus and associated with independent gene clusters, suggesting that they influence cognition by different mechanisms. Accordingly, using a combination of molecular, electrophysiological and behavioral analyses, we show that while PiT-2 favors hippocampal neuronal branching and survival, PiT-1 promotes synaptic plasticity. The latter relies on a likely Otoferlin-dependent regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking, which impacts the GABAergic system. These results provide the first demonstration that Na-Pi co-transporters play key albeit distinct roles in the hippocampus pertaining to the control of neuronal plasticity and cognition. These findings could provide the foundation for the development of novel effective therapies for PFBC and cognitive disorders.
TFEB drives mTORC1 hyperactivation and kidney disease in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Authors: Alesi Nicola , Khabibullin Damir , Rosenthal Dean M. , Akl Elie W. , Cory Pieter M. , Alchoueiry Michel , Salem Samer , Daou Melissa , Gibbons William F. , Chen Jennifer A. , Zhang Long , Filippakis Harilaos , Graciotti Laura , Miceli Caterina , Monfregola Jlenia , Vilardo Claudia , Morroni Manrico , Di Malta Chiara , Napolitano Gennaro , Ballabio Andrea , Henske Elizabeth P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is caused by TSC1 or TSC2 mutations, leading to hyperactivation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and lesions in multiple organs including lung (lymphangioleiomyomatosis) and kidney (angiomyolipoma and renal cell carcinoma). Previously, we found that TFEB is constitutively active in TSC. Here, we generated two mouse models of TSC in which kidney pathology is the primary phenotype. Knockout of TFEB rescues kidney pathology and overall survival, indicating that TFEB is the primary driver of renal disease in TSC. Importantly, increased mTORC1 activity in the TSC2 knockout kidneys is normalized by TFEB knockout. In TSC2-deficient cells, Rheb knockdown or Rapamycin treatment paradoxically increases TFEB phosphorylation at the mTORC1-sites and relocalizes TFEB from nucleus to cytoplasm. In mice, Rapamycin treatment normalizes lysosomal gene expression, similar to TFEB knockout, suggesting that Rapamycin’s benefit in TSC is TFEB-dependent. These results change the view of the mechanisms of mTORC1 hyperactivation in TSC and may lead to therapeutic avenues.
Protection against symptomatic dengue infection by neutralizing antibodies varies by infection history and infecting serotype
Authors: Bos Sandra , Graber Aaron L. , Cardona-Ospina Jaime A. , Duarte Elias M. , Zambrana Jose Victor , Ruíz Salinas Jorge A. , Mercado-Hernandez Reinaldo , Singh Tulika , Katzelnick Leah C. , de Silva Aravinda , Kuan Guillermina , Balmaseda Angel , Harris Eva 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDengue viruses (DENV1–4) are the most prevalent arboviruses in humans and a major public health concern. Understanding immune mechanisms that modulate DENV infection outcome is critical for vaccine development. Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are an essential component of the protective immune response, yet their measurement often relies on a single cellular substrate and partially mature virions, which does not capture the full breadth of neutralizing activity and may lead to biased estimations of nAb potency. Here, we analyze 125 samples collected after one or more DENV infections but prior to subsequent symptomatic or inapparent DENV1, DENV2, or DENV3 infections from a long-standing pediatric cohort study in Nicaragua. By assessing nAb responses using Vero cells with or without DC-SIGN and with mature or partially mature virions, we find that nAb potency and the protective NT50 cutoff are greatly influenced by cell substrate and virion maturation state. Additionally, the correlation between nAb titer and protection from disease depends on prior infection history and infecting serotype. Finally, we uncover variations in nAb composition that contribute to protection from symptomatic infection differently after primary and secondary prior infection. These findings have important implications for identifying antibody correlates of protection for vaccines and natural infections.
Overcoming resolution attenuation during tilted cryo-EM data collection
Authors: Aiyer Sriram , Baldwin Philip R. , Tan Shi Min , Shan Zelin , Oh Juntaek , Mehrani Atousa , Bowman Marianne E. , Louie Gordon , Passos Dario Oliveira , Đorđević-Marquardt Selena , Mietzsch Mario , Hull Joshua A. , Hoshika Shuichi , Barad Benjamin A. , Grotjahn Danielle A. , McKenna Robert , Agbandje-McKenna Mavis , Benner Steven A. , Noel Joseph A. P. , Wang Dong , Tan Yong Zi , Lyumkis Dmitry 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStructural biology efforts using cryogenic electron microscopy are frequently stifled by specimens adopting “preferred orientations” on grids, leading to anisotropic map resolution and impeding structure determination. Tilting the specimen stage during data collection is a generalizable solution but has historically led to substantial resolution attenuation. Here, we develop updated data collection and image processing workflows and demonstrate, using multiple specimens, that resolution attenuation is negligible or significantly reduced across tilt angles. Reconstructions with and without the stage tilted as high as 60° are virtually indistinguishable. These strategies allowed the reconstruction to 3 Å resolution of a bacterial RNA polymerase with preferred orientation, containing an unnatural nucleotide for studying novel base pair recognition. Furthermore, we present a quantitative framework that allows cryo-EM practitioners to define an optimal tilt angle during data acquisition. These results reinforce the utility of employing stage tilt for data collection and provide quantitative metrics to obtain isotropic maps.
Multiple redox switches of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease in vitro provide opportunities for drug design
Authors: Funk Lisa-Marie , Poschmann Gereon , Rabe von Pappenheim Fabian , Chari Ashwin , Stegmann Kim M. , Dickmanns Antje , Wensien Marie , Eulig Nora , Paknia Elham , Heyne Gabi , Penka Elke , Pearson Arwen R. , Berndt Carsten , Fritz Tobias , Bazzi Sophia , Uranga Jon , Mata Ricardo A. , Dobbelstein Matthias , Hilgenfeld Rolf , Curth Ute , Tittmann Kai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBesides vaccines, the development of antiviral drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 is critical for preventing future COVID outbreaks. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), a cysteine protease with essential functions in viral replication, has been validated as an effective drug target. Here, we show that Mpro is subject to redox regulation in vitro and reversibly switches between the enzymatically active dimer and the functionally dormant monomer through redox modifications of cysteine residues. These include a disulfide-dithiol switch between the catalytic cysteine C145 and cysteine C117, and generation of an allosteric cysteine-lysine-cysteine SONOS bridge that is required for structural stability under oxidative stress conditions, such as those exerted by the innate immune system. We identify homo- and heterobifunctional reagents that mimic the redox switching and inhibit Mpro activity. The discovered redox switches are conserved in main proteases from other coronaviruses, e.g. MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, indicating their potential as common druggable sites.
Sustained rhoptry docking and discharge requires Toxoplasma gondii intraconoidal microtubule-associated proteins
Authors: Dos Santos Pacheco Nicolas , Tell i Puig Albert , Guérin Amandine , Martinez Matthew , Maco Bohumil , Tosetti Nicolò , Delgado-Betancourt Estefanía , Lunghi Matteo , Striepen Boris , Chang Yi-Wei , Soldati-Favre Dominique 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn Apicomplexa, rhoptry discharge is essential for invasion and involves an apical vesicle (AV) docking one or two rhoptries to a macromolecular secretory apparatus.Toxoplasma gondiiis armed with 10–12 rhoptries and 5-6 microtubule-associated vesicles (MVs) presumably for iterative rhoptry discharge. Here, we have addressed the localization and functional significance of two intraconoidal microtubule (ICMT)-associated proteins instrumental for invasion. Mechanistically, depletion of ICMAP2 leads to a dissociation of the ICMTs, their detachment from the conoid and dispersion of MVs and rhoptries. ICMAP3 exists in two isoforms that contribute to the control of the ICMTs length and the docking of the two rhoptries at the AV, respectively. This study illuminates the central role ICMTs play in scaffolding the discharge of multiple rhoptries. This process is instrumental for virulence in the mouse model of infection and in addition promotes sterile protection againstT. gondiivia the release of key effectors inducing immunity.
Drone-based displacement measurement of infrastructures utilizing phase information
Authors: Ri Shien , Ye Jiaxing , Toyama Nobuyuki , Ogura Norihiko 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDrone-based inspections provide an efficient and flexible approach to assessing aging infrastructures while prioritizing safety. Here, we present a pioneering framework that employs drone cameras for high-precision displacement measurement and achieves sub-millimeter accuracy, meeting the requirements for on-site inspections. Inspired by the principles of human auditory equilibrium, we have developed an effective scheme using a group of strategical reference markers on the bridge girders to measure structural displacements in the bridge. Our approach integrates the phase-based sampling moiré technique with four degrees-of-freedom geometric modeling to accurately delineate the desired bridge displacements from camera motion-induced displacements. The proposed scheme demonstrates favorable precision with accuracy reaching up to 1/100th of a pixel. Real-world validations further confirmed the reliability and efficiency of this technique, making it a practical tool for bridge displacement measurement. Beyond its current applications, this methodology holds promise as a foundational element in shaping the landscape of future autonomous infrastructure inspection systems.
Dual-plasmonic Au@Cu7S4 yolk@shell nanocrystals for photocatalytic hydrogen production across visible to near infrared spectral region
Authors: Tsao Chun-Wen , Narra Sudhakar , Kao Jui-Cheng , Lin Yu-Chang , Chen Chun-Yi , Chin Yu-Cheng , Huang Ze-Jiung , Huang Wei-Hong , Huang Chih-Chia , Luo Chih-Wei , Chou Jyh-Pin , Ogata Shigenobu , Sone Masato , Huang Michael H. , Chang Tso-Fu Mark , Lo Yu-Chieh , Lin Yan-Gu , Diau Eric Wei-Guang , Hsu Yung-Jung 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNear infrared energy remains untapped toward the maneuvering of entire solar spectrum harvesting for fulfilling the nuts and bolts of solar hydrogen production. We report the use of Au@Cu7S4 yolk@shell nanocrystals as dual-plasmonic photocatalysts to achieve remarkable hydrogen production under visible and near infrared illumination. Ultrafast spectroscopic data reveal the prevalence of long-lived charge separation states for Au@Cu7S4 under both visible and near infrared excitation. Combined with the advantageous features of yolk@shell nanostructures, Au@Cu7S4 achieves a peak quantum yield of 9.4% at 500 nm and a record-breaking quantum yield of 7.3% at 2200 nm for hydrogen production in the absence of additional co-catalysts. The design of a sustainable visible- and near infrared-responsive photocatalytic system is expected to inspire further widespread applications in solar fuel generation. In this work, the feasibility of exploiting the localized surface plasmon resonance property of self-doped, nonstoichiometric semiconductor nanocrystals for the realization of wide-spectrum-driven photocatalysis is highlighted.
Tunable quantum interferometer for correlated moiré electrons
Authors: Iwakiri Shuichi , Mestre-Torà Alexandra , Portolés Elías , Visscher Marieke , Perego Marta , Zheng Giulia , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Sigrist Manfred , Ihn Thomas , Ensslin Klaus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMagic-angle twisted bilayer graphene can host a variety of gate-tunable correlated states – including superconducting and correlated insulator states. Recently, junction-based superconducting moiré devices have been introduced, enabling the study of the charge, spin and orbital nature of superconductivity, as well as the coherence of moiré electrons in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene. Complementary fundamental coherence effects—in particular, the Little–Parks effect in a superconducting ring and the Aharonov–Bohm effect in a normally conducting ring – have not yet been reported in moiré devices. Here, we observe both phenomena in a single gate-defined ring device, where we can embed a superconducting or normally conducting ring in a correlated or band insulator. The Little–Parks effect is seen in the superconducting phase diagram as a function of density and magnetic field, confirming the effective charge of 2e. We also find that the coherence length of conducting moiré electrons exceeds several microns at 50 mK. In addition, we identify a regime characterized by h/e-periodic oscillations but with superconductor-like nonlinear transport.