bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of sufferers’ wealth status on pain perceptions: Its development and relation to allocation of healthcare resources
Authors: Shu Yuhang , Li Huisi (Jessica) , Ma Shaocong , Bian Lin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWealth‐based disparities in health care wherein the poor receive undertreatment in painful conditions are a prominent issue that requires immediate attention. Research with adults suggests that these disparities are partly rooted in stereotypes associating poor individuals with pain insensitivity. However, whether and how children consider a sufferer's wealth status in their pain perceptions remains unknown. The present work addressed this question by testing 4‐ to 9‐year‐olds from the US and China. In Study 1 (N = 108, 56 girls, 79% White), US participants saw rich and poor White children experiencing identical injuries and indicated who they thought felt more pain. Although 4‐ to 6‐year‐olds responded at chance, children aged seven and above attributed more pain to the poor than to the rich. Study 2 with a new sample of US children (N = 111, 56 girls, 69% White) extended this effect to judgments of White adults’ pain. Pain judgments also informed children's prosocial behaviors, leading them to provide medical resources to the poor. Studies 3 (N = 118, 59 girls, 100% Asian) and 4 (N = 80, 40 girls, 100% Asian) found that, when evaluating White and Asian people's suffering, Chinese children began to attribute more pain to the poor than to the rich earlier than US children. Thus, unlike US adults, US children and Chinese children recognize the poor's pain from early on. These findings add to our knowledge of group‐based beliefs about pain sensitivity and have broad implications on ways to promote equitable health care.Research Highlights
Four studies examined whether 4‐ to 9‐year‐old children's pain perceptions were influenced by sufferers’ wealth status.
US children attributed more pain to White individuals of low wealth status than those of high wealth status by age seven.
Chinese children demonstrated an earlier tendency to attribute more pain to the poor (versus the rich) compared to US children.
Children's wealth‐based pain judgments underlied their tendency to provide healthcare resources to people of low wealth status.
Reduced incidence of diabetes during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Alberta: A time‐segmented longitudinal study of Alberta's Tomorrow Project
Authors: Ye Ming , Vena Jennifer E. , Shen‐Tu Grace , Johnson Jeffrey A. , Eurich Dean T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo characterize the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on diabetes diagnosis using data from Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP), a population‐based cohort study of chronic diseases in Alberta, Canada.Materials and MethodsThe ATP participants who were free of diabetes on 1 April 2018 were included in the study. A time‐segmented regression model was used to compare incidence rates of diabetes before the COVID‐19 pandemic, during the first two COVID‐19 states of emergency, and in the period when the state of emergency was relaxed, after adjusting for seasonality, sociodemographic factors, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle behaviours.ResultsAmong 43 705 ATP participants free of diabetes (65.5% females, age 60.4 ± 9.5 years in 2018), the rate of diabetes was 4.75 per 1000 person‐year (PY) during the COVID‐19 pandemic (up to 31 March 2021), which was 32% lower (95% confidence interval [CI] 21%, 42%; p < 0.001) than pre‐pandemic (6.98 per 1000 PY for the period 1 April 2018 to 16 March 2020). In multivariable regression analysis, the first COVID‐19 state of emergency (first wave) was associated with an 87.3% (95% CI −98.6%, 13.9%; p = 0.07) reduction in diabetes diagnosis; this decreasing trend was sustained to the second COVID‐19 state of emergency and no substantial rebound (increase) was observed when the COVID‐19 state of emergency was relaxed.ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 public health emergencies had a negative impact on diabetes diagnosis in Alberta. The reduction in diabetes diagnosis was likely due to province‐wide health service disruptions during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Systematic plans to close the post‐COVID‐19 diagnostic gap are required in diabetes to avoid substantial downstream sequelae of undiagnosed disease.
Family issues and custodial mothers' quest for justice: Evidence from Colombia
Authors: Guarin Angela , Cuesta Laura , Eickmeyer Kasey J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAccess to justice is limited for many worldwide. Although prior research generally recognizes the legal needs and barriers faced by women, less is known about mothers. This study examined the legal needs of mothers in different family configurations and the actions they took in response to these needs through the lens of help‐seeking theories. We used unique data from the 2016 Colombian Quality of Life Survey (QLS) to produce descriptive statistics on the legal needs of mothers in two‐parent families and custodial mothers. We then conducted multivariate analyses to examine the factors associated with having a family issue and seeking institutional help. Custodial mothers were more likely than mothers in two‐parent families to have reported any legal need, and to report a family legal issue. The most frequent legal issues related to the family were issues with child support, custody, and/or visitation. The most frequent action taken to resolve issues was through an institutional actor. Among custodial mothers, single, younger mothers and mothers with more children were more likely to experience family legal issues, but they were not the ones seeking institutional help—those mothers were often more socioeconomically advantaged. That more socioeconomically disadvantaged mothers are more likely to experience a family legal issue but less likely to seek institutional help, the most frequent route to action, calls for research that examines the barriers faced by these mothers and policies to improve their access to justice.
Stressor pileup, family and couple relational well‐being, and parent stress during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Brik Anis Ben , Williams Natalie A. , Ladd Sarah Barker 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe goal was to explore mechanisms linking cumulative stressors with parent stress during COVID‐19.BackgroundPublic health measures helped contain COVID‐19 spread, but disrupted family life and increased parents' stress. Positive family relationships and beliefs about the impact of challenges can foster psychological resilience during adversity and may influence parents' stress.MethodParticipants included parents from the U.S. sample of the internet‐based Covid Family Life Study survey who indicated they were married or living with a romantic partner (n = 1,386). We tested a moderated mediation model predicting parent stress from the pileup of stressors, family and couple relationship satisfaction, and parent resilience beliefs.ResultsHigh stressor pileup was associated with lower family and couple relationship satisfaction, and higher parent stress. Relationship satisfaction mediated the effect of stressor pileup on parent stress, and the indirect effects were similar across all levels of parent resilience beliefs. Family satisfaction mediated the effect of stressor pileup on parent stress only for parents with low resilience beliefs. Parent resilience beliefs moderated the relations between relational well‐being and parent stress. Higher family satisfaction was associated with lower stress for parents with low and moderate levels of resilience beliefs, but higher stress for parents with high resilience beliefs.ConclusionRelationship satisfaction may explain how stressor pileup affects parent stress. Resilience beliefs may affect the explanatory role of family satisfaction.ImplicationsInterventions to improve family satisfaction may be most impactful for parents who have low confidence in their ability to adapt to change and bounce back from adversity.
Prevalence and associated factors of work impairment among geriatricians during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Japan
Authors: Ishii Shinya , Jung Hungu , Akishita Masahiro , Kawamura Atsuko 
Published: December 2023

AimThis study investigated work impairment and its associated factors among geriatricians during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out using an anonymous online survey questionnaire administered to members of the Japanese Geriatric Society between October and December 2022. The questionnaire included questions regarding psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale), fear of COVID‐19 (Fear of COVID‐19 Scale) and work impairment (Work Functioning Impairment Scale). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine the factors associated with work impairment. Causal mediation analyses were performed to delineate the relationship between work impairment, psychological distress and fear of COVID‐19.ResultsThe analytic sample included 386 geriatricians, and work impairment was observed in 24.8% of them. Work impairment was associated with age, prefecture where the institution was located and fear of COVID‐19. Mediation analysis showed that the effect of fear of COVID‐19 on work impairment was almost completely mediated by psychological distress.ConclusionDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, work impairment was commonly observed among geriatricians. We found that fear of COVID‐19 might cause work impairment; however, this effect was exerted entirely through psychological distress. This implies that interventions to prevent or reduce work impairment among doctors should mainly target psychological distress; however, the fear of COVID‐19, if it causes psychological distress, should also be addressed. Managers of hospitals and long‐term care facilities must take steps to protect healthcare workers' mental well‐being and maintain work productivity. Therefore, understanding the factors related to work impairment might help them devise effective measures. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 215–220.
Generation of inducible mitophagy mice
Authors: Nishiji Toshiyuki , Hoshino Atsushi , Uchio Yuki , Matoba Satoaki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMitophagy is programmed selective autophagy of mitochondria and is important for mitochondrial quality control and cellular homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired mitophagy are closely associated with various diseases, including heart failure and diabetes. To better understand the pathophysiological role of mitophagy, we generated doxycycline‐inducible mitophagy mice using a synthetic mitophagy adaptor protein consisting of an outer mitochondrial membrane targeting sequence and an engineered LIR. To evaluate the activation of mitophagy upon doxycycline treatment, we also generated mitophagy reporter mito‐QC mice in which mitochondria tandemly express mCherry and GFP, and only GFP signals are lost in acidic lysosomes subjected to mitophagy. With the ROSA26 promoter‐driven rtTA, mitophagy was observed at least in heart, liver, and skeletal muscle. We investigated the relationship between mitophagy activation and pressure overload heart failure or high fat diet‐induced obesity. Unexpectedly, we were unable to confirm the protective effect of mitophagy in these two pathological models. Further titration of the level of mitophagy induction is required to demonstrate the potency of the protective effects of mitophagy in disease models.
Transitioning Thailand: Techno‐professionalism and nation‐building in the transgender entertainment industry
Authors: Farber Reya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe workplace is a key site through which sex and gender are organizationally produced and unequal gender relations take place. Technologies, which are embedded with and impacting gendered power relations, are also integral to work and workplaces worldwide. As nation‐states promote technologies and rebrand themselves, how do technologies catalyze new forms of gendered embodiment and work—and how might this contribute to a nation‐state's development plans and rebranding efforts? How do the intersections between states, labor, and technologies also reify inequalities, both in and beyond workplace settings? Based on 14 months of fieldwork and interviews with 62 participants, this article analyzes how Thai transgender women's work in the entertainment industry simultaneously advances technological growth and national rebranding efforts. In 2016, the Thai state launched “Thailand 4.0,” an economic plan centered on technological growth, alongside efforts to restore its reputation from a sex tourism destination. In this context, Thai transgender entertainers promote what I call “techno‐professionalism,” or professionalism that is not only enhanced by technologies, but that also supports state development plans and rebranding efforts. The concept of techno‐professionalism underscores how technologies figure centrally into new iterations of state development and nation‐branding promoted in global workplaces, adding to our understanding of the linkages between gender, labor, and national development. By highlighting how state development plans intersect with technologies and norms of professionalism, this article reveals how the economy and professions are made up of intimate social relations, including gendered technologies and gendered social roles.
‘Safety is about partnership’: Safety through the lens of patients and caregivers
Authors: Kuluski Kerry , Asselbergs Maaike , Baker Ross , Burns Katharina (Kathy) Kovacs , Bruno Frances , Saragosa Marianne , MacLaurin Anne , Flintoft Virginia , Jeffs Lianne 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionCreating safer care is a high priority across healthcare systems. Despite this, most systems tend to focus on mitigating past harm, not creating proactive solutions. Managers and staff identify safety threats often with little input from patients and their caregivers during their health encounters.MethodsThis is a qualitative descriptive study utilizing focus groups and one‐to‐one interviews with patients and caregivers who were currently using (or had previously used) services in health systems across Canada. Data were analysed via inductive thematic analysis to understand existing and desired strategies to promote safer and better quality care from the perspectives of patients and caregivers.FindingsIn our analysis, we identified three key themes (safety strategies) from patients' and caregivers' perspectives and experiences: Using Tools and Approaches for Engaging Patients and Caregivers in their Care; Having Accountability Processes and Mechanisms for Safe Care; and Enabling Patients and Caregivers Access to Information.ConclusionsSafety is more than the absence of harm. Our findings outline a number of suggestions from patients and caregivers on how to make care safer, ranging from being valued on teams, participating as members of quality improvement tables, having access to health information, having access to an advocate to help make sense of information and having processes in place for disclosure and closure. Future work can further refine, implement and evaluate these strategies in practice.Patient or Public ContributionsAn advisory group guided the research and was co‐chaired by a patient partner. Members of the advisory group spanned patient and caregiver organizations and health sectors across Canada and included three patient partners and leaders who work closely with patients and caregivers in their day‐to‐day work. In the research itself, we engaged 28 patients and caregivers from across Canada to learn about their safety experiences and learn what safer care looks like from their perspectives.
RETRACTED: The impact of ulinastatin on wound infection and healing in patients with burn wounds: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Peng‐Jun , Qin Gui‐Jing , Shu Yan‐Ze , Zhang Wei‐Ning 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBurn injuries result in localised tissue damage and precipitate systemic responses; routine clinical treatments, which typically include metabolic nutritional support and anti‐infection therapies, do not yield optimal outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of ulinastatin on wound infection and healing in patients with burns to provide reliable evidence‐based recommendations for burn treatment. An electronic search of the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, supplemented by manual searches, was conducted from database inception to October 2023 to collect randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of ulinastatin for the treatment of burns. Two researchers screened all retrieved articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria; the included studies were evaluated for quality, and the relevant data were extracted. Stata 17.0 software was employed for data analysis. Overall, 8 RCTs with 803 patients were included, with 404 and 399 in the ulinastatin and conventional treatment groups, respectively. The analysis revealed that wound infections (odds ratio [OR] = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.02–0.35, p = 0.001) and complications (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.10–0.42, p < 0.001) were significantly lower, and wound healing time (standardised mean differences [SMD] = −1.31, 95% CI: −2.05 to −0.57, p = 0.001) was significantly shorter, in the ulinastatin groups than in the control group. This meta‐analysis revealed that ulinastatin can effectively reduce the incidence of wound infections and complications and significantly shorten the duration of wound healing in patients with burns, thereby promoting early recovery in these patients.
Guidelines of integrated Chinese and western medicine for diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2022)
Authors: Li Jiansheng , Chen Rongchang , Yu Xueqing , Liu Huiguo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with high prevalence rate, mortality, disability rate, and heavy disease burden, has become a critical chronic disease seriously threatening public health worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine both have shown advantages in diagnosing and treating COPD, which has been widely applied in the clinics. In order to improve the diagnostic and treatment level for COPD with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, the Guidelines of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of COPD were developed by the Internal Medicine Committee of the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies. First, a multidisciplinary working group was established. Development methods and processes of international clinical practice guidelines were adopted in the whole research. In final, a total of 13 recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD were established based on available evidence with the best quality. Meanwhile, characteristics of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in treating COPD were taken into account with pros and cons of each intervention. The guidelines could be used as a reference for physicians in respiratory medicine departments (traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and Western medicine) at various levels of medical institutions in their diagnosis and treatment.
Effect of antioxidant on tooth sensitivity after bleaching
Authors: Nabil Mohamed , Hasan Mostafa Mohamed , Shebl Eman Abd Elghany 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of antioxidant (sodium ascorbate) on tooth sensitivity after two in‐office bleaching techniques (light‐activated and chemical bleaching).Materials and MethodsTen patients aged 18–25 were bleached in four groups according to bleaching materials and/or antioxidant used. Group A: Maxillary right quadrant received light‐activated bleaching with antioxidant. Group B: Maxillary left quadrant received light‐activated bleaching without antioxidant. Group C: Mandibular right quadrant received chemical bleaching without antioxidant. Group D: Mandibular left quadrant received chemical bleaching with antioxidant. The tooth sensitivity was recorded using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Schiff Scale (SS) immediately after treatment, 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 month follow‐up periods.ResultsGroup B exhibited higher sensitivity values than Group A. This difference was statistically significant on the first day after treatment (p = 0.027* in NRS and p = 0.046* in SS). Furthermore, antioxidant incorporation in Group D led to a reduction in teeth sensitivity values compared to Group C. This disparity was highly significant on the first day after treatment (p = 0.001* in NRS and p < 0.001** in SS).ConclusionsThe antioxidant (10% sodium ascorbate) reduces the intensity of tooth sensitivity at the different follow‐up periods, especially after 1 day from bleaching.Clinical SignificanceUsing 10% sodium ascorbate after bleaching is advisable to reduce post‐operative tooth sensitivity.
Analysis of the efficacy of blunt separation combined with uncrosslinked sodium hyaluronate composite solution for the treatment of tear trough deformity in Asians
Authors: Dong Richeng , Jin Qingmei , Zhi Jiahui , Jin Meilin , Gao Yang , Nan Meilan , Jin Zhehu , Jin Chenglong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundFilling therapy is becoming increasingly popular for correcting tear trough deformities (TTD). However, its therapeutic effect and retention time are limited.AimsTo improve the clinical efficacy and safety of TTD treatment in Asians, we used a blunt separation technique to break the adhesion site of periorbital subcutaneous tissue, and while repairing skin dermis after injury, it was combined with uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid compound solution to promote collagen regeneration and treat TTDs.Patients/MethodsTwenty‐six Chinese patients (21 women and 5 men) with TTD, with a mean age of 34.54 ± 9.21 (range, 20–56) years, were enrolled. Symptom improvement, recurrence rates, treatment safety, and patient satisfaction were evaluated.ResultsAll patients' tear trough rating scale (TTRS) scores decreased significantly immediately after treatment. The TTRS scores at 1, 3, and 6 months, and 1 year after treatment demonstrated significant differences from those before treatment (all p < 0.05). All patients' experienced mild pain, erythema, and swelling during the treatment. Three patients developed postinjection bruising after treatment, which lasted for 6–7 days and subsequently disappeared. No other adverse reactions were observed during the follow‐up. There were no recurrent cases, and patient satisfaction was very high.ConclusionsBlunt separation combined with an uncrosslinked sodium hyaluronate composite solution is safe and effective for treating TTDs in Asians with few side effects and has good clinical application prospects.