bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical estimation of habitat suitability for rare plant restoration in an era of ongoing climatic shifts
Authors: Krushelnycky Paul D. , Berio Fortini Lucas , Mallinson Jeffrey , Felts Jesse M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAccurate estimates of current and future habitat suitability are needed for species that may require assistance in tracking a shifting climate. Standard species distribution models (SDMs) based on occurrence data are the most common approach for evaluating climatic suitability, but these may suffer from inaccuracies stemming from disequilibrium dynamics and/or an inability to identify suitable climate regions that have no analogues within the current range. An alternative approach is to test performance with experimental introductions, and model suitability from the empirical results. We used this method with the Haleakalā silversword (Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum), using a network of out-plant plots across the top of Haleakalā volcano, Hawaiʻi. Over a ~ 5-year period, survival varied strongly across this network and was effectively explained by a simple model including mean rainfall and air temperature. We then applied this model to estimate current climatic suitability for restoration or translocation activities, to define trends in suitability over the past three decades, and to project future suitability through 2051. This empirical approach indicated that much of the current range has low suitability for long-term successful restoration, but also identified areas of high climatic suitability in a region where plants do not currently occur. These patterns contrast strongly with projections obtained with a standard SDM, which predicted continued suitability throughout the current range. Under continued climatic shifts, these results caution against the common SDM presumption of equilibrium between species’ distributions and their environment, even for long-established native species.
Higher Delta variant-specific neutralizing antibodies prevented infection in close contacts vaccinated with ancestral mRNA vaccines during the SARS-CoV-2 Delta wave
Authors: Goh Yun Shan , Fong Siew-Wai , Tay Matthew Zirui , Rouers Angeline , Chang Zi Wei , Chavatte Jean-Marc , Hor Pei Xiang , Loh Chiew Yee , Huang Yuling , Tan Yong Jie , Wang Bei , Ngoh Eve Zi Xian , Mohd Salleh Siti Nazihah , Lee Raphael Tze Chuen , Lim Georgina ,   NCID Study Group, Yu Jocelyn Jin , Soh Zheng Kuang , Chin Yi Qing , Lim Jonathan Jordon , Ongko Juwinda , Libau Eshele Anak , Abdullah Mohammed Ridzwan Bin , Diong Shiau Hui , Teo Jefanie , Yeo He Ping ,   COVID-Study Group, Chua Adeline C. Y. , Torres-Ruesta Anthony , Amrun Siti Naqiah , Yeo Nicholas Kim-Wah , Neo Vanessa Kexin , Chen Wendy Yehui , Kam Isaac Kai Jie , Ong Alice Soh Meoy , Goh Estelle Yi Wei , Wong Nathan , Lim Zhi Feng Sherman , Maurer-Stroh Sebastian , Wang Cheng-I , Leo Yee‐Sin , Lin Raymond T. P. , Lam Meng Chon , Lye David C. , Young Barnaby Edward , Ng Lisa F. P. , Renia Laurent 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIdentification of the risk factors and the high-risk groups which are most vulnerable is critical in COVID-19 disease management at a population level. Evaluating the efficacy of vaccination against infections is necessary to determine booster vaccination strategies for better protection in high-risk groups. In this study, we recruited 158 mRNA-vaccinated individuals during the Delta wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Singapore and examined the antibody profiles of infected individuals. We found that, despite high exposure due to communal living conditions in proximity, 4% of individuals (6/158) had PCR-confirmed infections and 96% (152/158) remained uninfected. Time-course analysis of the antibody profile at the start and the end of quarantine period showed Delta-specific boosting of anti-spike antibody response in 57% of the uninfected individuals (86/152). In the remaining 43% of the uninfected individuals (66/152) with no Delta-specific antibody boost, we found a higher Delta-specific antibody response at the start of quarantine period, which correlated with higher Delta pseudovirus neutralizing capacity. Our findings indicate that a higher basal variant-specific antibody response in the mRNA-vaccinated individuals contributes to better protection against infections by the new emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Impact of ground surface subsidence caused by underground coal mining on natural gas pipeline
Authors: Bazaluk Oleg , Kuchyn Oleksandr , Saik Pavlo , Soltabayeva Saule , Brui Hanna , Lozynskyi Vasyl , Cherniaiev Oleksii 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderground mining of minerals is accompanied by a change in the rock mass geomechanical situation. This leads to the redistribution of stresses in it and the occurrence of unexpected displacements and deformations of the earth's surface. A significant part of the civil and industrial infrastructure facilities are located within the mine sites, where mining and tunneling operations are constantly conducted. Irrational planning of mining operations can lead to loss of stability and destruction of undermined facilities. Therefore, it is important to study the earth’s surface deformation processes during mining operations, which ensures safe and sustainable operating conditions. The research objective of this paper is to analyse the behaviour of a natural gas pipeline under the influence of underground mining activities, with a particular focus on understanding the effects of horizontal surface deformations and their potential impact on pipeline safety and structural integrity. Its performance and safety are determined on the basis of the found parameters of the earth's surface horizontal deformations and their comparison with permissible parameters characterizing the conditions for laying pipelines, depending on the mining-geological conditions and the degree of their undermining. Based on determined conditions for the safe undermining of the natural gas pipeline, it has been revealed that in its section between the PK212+40 and PK213+80 (140 m) pickets, the estimated parameters of the earth's surface horizontal deformations exceed their permissible values. This can cause deformation and damage to the pipeline. For the safe operation of the pipeline during the period of its undermining, in order to eliminate the hazardous impact of mining the longwall face, additional protection measures must be applied. It is therefore recommended that the gas pipeline between the PK212 and PK214+20 pickets be opened prior to the displacement process (200 m from the stoping face), thus reducing the density of the gas pipeline-soil system. Recommendations for controlling the earth’s surface deformations within the natural gas pipeline route are also proposed, which will ensure premature detection of the negative impact of mining operations.
MRI and PET/CT in the assessment of lymph node metastases in head and neck cancer
Authors: Zwittag Paul , Asel Christian , Gabriel Michael , Rubicz Nina , Bauer Belinda , Poier-Fabian Nikolaus 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to present the diagnostic accuracy of MRI and PET/CT in the evaluation of cervical lymph nodes in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Data of 114 patients who underwent MRI and PET/CT prior to surgery in the time period between January 2010 and September 2021 in our center is analyzed retrospectively. Histopathological results of surgical preparations serve as the gold standard. The mean time from MRI to surgery is 22.9 (± 18.7) days, and from PET/CT to surgery 21.7 (± 19.9) days. Sensitivities of 80.4% and 80.4%, specificities of 85.7% and 87.3%, PPVs of 82.0% and 83.7% and NPVs of 84.4% and 84.6% are registered for MRI and PET/CT, respectively. 37 false results are further analyzed with respect to side and level of the affected lymph node, as well as intersections of the two imaging modalities. In 29 patients (25.4%), additional findings are described in PET/CT, 7 (6.1%) of which were histologically confirmed to be further malignancies. A combination of both MRI and PET/CT imaging modalities could improve diagnostic accuracy, especially with regard to sensitivity. A notable number of additional findings in whole body acquisition leads to the potential diagnosis of further malignancies.
Detection of butane and propane gases via C2N sensors: first principles modeling
Authors: Wasfi Asma , Sulieman Mawahib , Sefelnasr Ziad , Alteneiji Abdulla , Shafiqurrahman Atawulrahman , Alharairi Ammar , Awwad Falah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGas sensing is a critical research area in aerospace, military, medical, and industrial environments, as it helps prevent risks to human health and the environment caused by toxic gases. Propane and butane, commonly used as fuels in household and industrial settings, are toxic and flammable gases that need to be effectively detected to avoid leakage or explosion accidents. To address this, nanomaterial-based gas sensors are being developed with low power consumption and operating temperatures. In this study, two-dimensional nitrogenated holey graphene (C2N) based sensors are used for the first time for the identification of butane and propane gases. The sensor consists of two C2N electrodes connected via a C2N channel. The C2N sensor design was enhanced by replacing the C2N electrodes with gold electrodes and adding a gate terminal under the channel. The resistive method is employed to detect butane and propane gases by measuring the variation in the electrical conductivity of the sensor due to exposure to these target molecules. To investigate the electronic transport properties, such as transmission spectra, density of states and current, first principles simulations of the C2N-based sensors is conducted using Quantumwise Atomistix Toolkit (ATK). The detection method relies on the alteration of the FET's electrical current at specific gate voltages due to the presence of these gases. This proposed sensor offers the potential for small size and low-cost gas sensing applications. The designed sensor aims to effectively detect propane and butane gases. By leveraging the unique properties of C2N and utilizing advanced simulation tools, this sensor could provide high sensitivity and accuracy in detecting propane and butane gases. Such an advancement in gas sensing technology holds significant promise for ensuring safety in various environments.
Nascent ribosomal RNA act as surfactant that suppresses growth of fibrillar centers in nucleolus
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuya , Yamazaki Tomohiro , Ninomiya Kensuke , Hirose Tetsuro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLiquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has been thought to be the biophysical principle governing the assembly of the multiphase structures of nucleoli, the site of ribosomal biogenesis. Condensates assembled through LLPS increase their sizes to minimize the surface energy as far as their components are available. However, multiple microphases, fibrillar centers (FCs), dispersed in a nucleolus are stable and their sizes do not grow unless the transcription of pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) is inhibited. To understand the mechanism of the suppression of the FC growth, we here construct a minimal theoretical model by taking into account nascent pre-rRNAs tethered to FC surfaces by RNA polymerase I. The prediction of this theory was supported by our experiments that quantitatively measure the dependence of the size of FCs on the transcription level. This work sheds light on the role of nascent RNAs in controlling the size of nuclear bodies.
Conformational plasticity and allosteric communication networks explain Shelterin protein TPP1 binding to human telomerase
Authors: Aureli Simone , Cardenas Vince Bart , Raniolo Stefano , Limongelli Vittorio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Shelterin complex protein TPP1 interacts with human telomerase (TERT) by means of the TEL-patch region, controlling telomere homeostasis. Aberrations in the TPP1-TERT heterodimer formation might lead to short telomeres and severe diseases like dyskeratosis congenita and Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome. In the present study, we provide a thorough characterization of the structural properties of the TPP1’s OB-domain by combining data coming from microsecond-long molecular dynamics calculations, time-series analyses, and graph-based networks. Our results show that the TEL-patch conformational freedom is influenced by a network of long-range amino acid communications that together determine the proper TPP1-TERT binding. Furthermore, we reveal that in TPP1 pathological variants Glu169Δ, Lys170Δ and Leu95Gln, the TEL-patch plasticity is reduced, affecting the correct binding to TERT and, in turn, telomere processivity, which eventually leads to accelerated aging of affected cells. Our study provides a structural basis for the design of TPP1-targeting ligands with therapeutic potential against cancer and telomeropathies.
Platelet aggregates detected using quantitative phase imaging associate with COVID-19 severity
Authors: Klenk Christian , Erber Johanna , Fresacher David , Röhrl Stefan , Lengl Manuel , Heim Dominik , Irl Hedwig , Schlegel Martin , Haller Bernhard , Lahmer Tobias , Diepold Klaus , Rasch Sebastian , Hayden Oliver 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The clinical spectrum of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from an asymptomatic to life-threatening disease. Considering the broad spectrum of severity, reliable biomarkers are required for early risk stratification and prediction of clinical outcomes. Despite numerous efforts, no COVID-19-specific biomarker has been established to guide further diagnostic or even therapeutic approaches, most likely due to insufficient validation, methodical complexity, or economic factors. COVID-19-associated coagulopathy is a hallmark of the disease and is mainly attributed to dysregulated immunothrombosis. This process describes an intricate interplay of platelets, innate immune cells, the coagulation cascade, and the vascular endothelium leading to both micro- and macrothrombotic complications. In this context, increased levels of immunothrombotic components, including platelet and platelet-leukocyte aggregates, have been described and linked to COVID-19 severity.

Methods
Here, we describe a label-free quantitative phase imaging approach, allowing the identification of cell-aggregates and their components at single-cell resolution within 30 min, which prospectively qualifies the method as point-of-care (POC) testing.

Results
We find a significant association between the severity of COVID-19 and the amount of platelet and platelet-leukocyte aggregates. Additionally, we observe a linkage between severity, aggregate composition, and size distribution of platelets in aggregates.

Conclusions
This study presents a POC-compatible method for rapid quantitative analysis of blood cell aggregates in patients with COVID-19.
Pilot Results for ECoLoGiC-Tx: A New Conversation-Level Intervention Improving Language in People With Moderate to Severe Aphasia
Authors: Leaman Marion C. , Edmonds Lisa A. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
This study reports pilot data for a novel intervention, ECoLoGiC-Tx, delivered to four people with moderate to severe aphasia. ECoLoGiC-Tx addresses language and communication in unstructured, participant-led conversation. The speech-language pathologist (SLP) uses a framework to choose turns that facilitate a social interaction. When communication breakdown occurs, the SLP implements a least-to-most hierarchy to maximize the people with aphasia's (PWA's) independence in self-repair. ECoLoGiC-Tx draws its theoretical underpinnings from conversation analysis and theories of rehabilitation, including principles of complexity, neuroplasticity, and learning.

Method:
Four PWA attended 60-min sessions twice weekly for 10 weeks. Assessment occurred at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 6-week maintenance. Outcomes included established discourse measures for conversation and monologue, tests of language and functional communication, and patient-/family-reported outcome measures (P/FROMs). Discourse samples were collected three times per assessment. Interrater reliability and fidelity for assessment and treatment procedures are reported.

Results:
Participants presented with Broca's aphasia (one moderate, one severe) or conduction aphasia (one moderate, one severe). Each demonstrated improvements in discourse, test batteries, and P/FROMs. They all demonstrated reduced aphasia severity measured by the Western Aphasia Battery–Revised at posttreatment or maintenance. Change in conversation and monologue was robust for three participants, but was mixed for one person (P1: moderate Broca's aphasia). P/FROMs indicated improvement at posttreatment and maintenance for all participants. Most treatment gains were maintained at 6-week follow-up.

Conclusions:
This study provides promising results for ECoLoGiC-Tx to improve language function of people with chronic moderate to severe aphasia. Generalization occurred to tests, functional communication, spontaneous conversation, and structured monologue tasks.
Children's Command of Four Inflectional Constructions in Arabic: Differences and Development With Age
Authors: Asadi Ibrahim A. , Asli-Badarneh Abeer , Elhija Duaa Abu , Mansour-Adwan Jasmeen 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
This study examines whether differences in acquisition exist among the inflectional constructions of number, gender, possessive pronouns, and tense. Moreover, the study investigates whether these inflectional patterns develop with age.

Method:
The participants were 1,020 Arabic-speaking kindergartners from K2 and K3. Children were assessed in morphological tasks, which targeted four different morphological inflectional constructions both in real words and pseudowords: gender, number–plural, possessive pronouns, and tense.

Results:
Findings reveal the differences between all inflectional constructions. In other words, children demonstrated higher performance in gender construction, followed by construction of numbers and possessive pronouns, while the lowest performance is shown among tense construction. In addition, the results indicate that all inflectional constructions develop with age, that is, there was higher performance in K3 than in K2 in all inflection constructions.

Conclusions:
This study contributes to our knowledge about early language development by showing that the acquisition of gender and number–plurals is faster and more advanced than the acquisition of possessive pronouns or tense. The implications of these results are discussed, especially the need to develop children's inflectional forms such as possessive pronouns and tense, which may eventually also impact narrative understanding and production.
Frequency diverse array beampattern synthesis method with low sidelobes by integrating mayfly algorithm and convex programming
Authors: Xiao Mengxuan , Shao Xiaolang , Hu Taiyang , Zhang Jinyu , Xiao Zelong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe range‐angle coupling characteristics of traditional frequency diverse array (FDA) will deteriorate target localization performance. To address this problem, several decoupling methods for FDA have been developed in the past decade, mainly including deterministic methods and global optimization methods. However, most of these methods are based on frequency offset design and do not fully utilize other design degrees of freedom, such as excitation and element spacing, which limits obtained pattern performance. In this letter, a low‐sidelobe FDA pattern synthesis method is proposed by jointly optimizing frequency offset, array spacing and excitation. The entire optimization process is treated as two sub‐optimization problems, that is, a non‐convex sub‐problem involves frequency offset and array spacing, and a convex sub‐problem involves excitation. By integrating the mayfly algorithm and convex programming techniques, this synthesis problem can be effectively solved. Compared with the current state‐of‐the‐art counterparts, the proposed method takes full advantage of the FDA's design freedom and generates a doted beampattern with lower sidelobes.
Image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaos and DNA coding
Authors: Li Lizong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA novel image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaos and DNA encoding is proposed in this paper. Unlike the traditional DNA‐based encoding method, a more fine‐grained encryption approach is adopted, which enhances the security of the system. To address the inherent binary arithmetic limitation of traditional DNA computing, the authors develop a novel symmetric and reversible DNA subtraction operation that fully utilizes the encryption advantage of DNA computing. To enhance security, the authors introduce a DNA crossover mechanism based on pixel, which can generate different ciphertexts even for the same pixel values. In the algorithm, the authors propose a diffusion strategy that combines left diffusion, right diffusion, and XOR parameters. This strategy not only ensures the avalanche effect, where even a single pixel change in the plaintext image will cause a drastic change in the ciphertext image, but also greatly enhances the security of the algorithm. Experimental results and performance analysis indicate that the authors’ proposed system has good encryption performance and the ability to resist noise attacks and clipping attacks.
Non‐contact vital signs monitoring in broiler chickens
Authors: Hossain Md. Shafkat , Pramanik Sourav Kumar , Rahman Atikur , Ali Shahin , Islam Shekh Md Mahmudul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMeasuring the heartbeat and respiration of animals continuously can provide valuable information about their health status. Respiratory‐related diseases are very common in the poultry industry and unfortunately, there is no non‐contact respiratory monitoring system for measuring the breathing rate and heart rate of the broiler chicken. In this letter, the authors explored and tested the feasibility of utilizing a 24‐GHz continuous‐wave (CW) radar module for monitoring the vital signs (breathing rate and heart rate) of broiler chickens. A signal processing approach has been developed to extract vital signs of broiler chicken from Radar‐captured signals. The experiment was carried out on three different normal broiler chickens with the ages of 25–30 days, weight 1.18–1.6 kg where a 24‐GHz radar module was mounted at a distance of 0.2 m above the chest surface of the chicken, and this particular experiment was repeated for 20 times. The authors also used a reference ECG module (Biopac System) for extracting the breathing rate and heart rate of the broiler chicken and compared the accuracy of their proposed system. Experimental results demonstrated that the radar measurement closely matches the Biopac ECG acquisition module measurement and showed an accuracy of 96% for a short‐scale study.