bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does bortezomib influence pre‐transplant desensitization therapy or benefit post‐heart transplant outcomes for highly sensitized patients?
Authors: Dhillon Manvir , Kobashigawa Jon A. , Kittleson Michelle , Jain Rashmi , Patel Nikhil , Singer‐Englar Tahli , Zhang Xiaohai , Hakimi Matthew , Aintablian Tamar , Vescio Robert , Dilibero Deanna , Kransdorf Evan , Czer Lawrence , Nikolova Andriana P. , Patel Jignesh K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of bortezomib which is a proteasome inhibitor has been demonstrated to be efficacious in small number of patients as a desensitization strategy in heart transplant. We reviewed our single center's experience using Bortezomib along with plasmapheresis as desensitization therapy for highly sensitized patients to assess pre‐ and post‐transplant outcomes.MethodWe assessed 43 highly sensitized patients awaiting HTx (defined as cPRA > 50%) between 2010 and 2021 who underwent desensitization therapy with bortezomib. Only those patients who subsequently underwent HTx were included in this study. Enrolled patients received up to four doses of bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2) over 2 weeks in conjunction with plasmapheresis. The efficacy of PP/BTZ was assessed by comparing the calculated panel reactive antibodies to HLA class I or class II antigens. Post‐transplant outcomes including overall survival and incidence of rejection were compared to those of non‐sensitized patients (PRA < 10%, n = 649) from the same center.ResultsThe average cPRA prior to PP/BTZ was 94.5%. Post‐PP/BTZ there was no statistically significant decline in mean cPRA, class I cPRA, or class II cPRA, though the average percentage decrease in class I cPRA (8.7 ± 17.0%) was higher than the change in class II cPRA (4.4 ± 13.3%). Resulted were also replicated with C1q‐binding antibodies showing more effect on I class compared to class II (15.0 ± 37.4% vs. 6.8 ± 33.6%) as well as with 1:8 dilutional assay (14.0 ± 23.0% vs. 9.1 ± 34.9%). Additionally, PP/BTZ treated patients and the control group of non‐sensitized patients had similar overall 1 year survival (95.4 vs. 92.5%) but patients with PP/BTZ had increased incidence of AMR (79.1% vs. 97.1%, p = < .001), any treated rejection (62.8% vs. 86.7%, p = < .001) and de novo DSA development (81.4% vs. 92.5%, p = .007). Major side effects of PP/BTZ included thrombocytopenia (42%), infection requiring antibiotics (28%), and neuropathy (12%).ConclusionThe use of bortezomib in highly sensitized patients does not significantly lower circulating antibodies prior to heart transplantation. However, its use may improve the chances of obtaining an immuno‐compatible donor heart and contribute to acceptable post‐transplant outcomes.
Impact of posaconazole and diltiazem on pharmacokinetics of encorafenib, a BRAF V600 kinase inhibitor for melanoma and colorectal cancer with BRAF mutations
Authors: Hahn Erik , Chavira Renae , Wollenberg Lance , Tan Weiwei , Reddy Micaela B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEncorafenib is a potent and selective ATP competitive inhibitor of BRAF V600–mutant kinase approved for patients with BRAF‐mutant melanoma and colorectal cancer. Encorafenib is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 in vitro and may be susceptible to drug–drug interactions when co‐administered with CYP3A inhibitors or inducers. The primary objective was to assess the impact of the strong CYP3A inhibitor posaconazole (part 1) and the moderate CYP3A and P‐gp inhibitor diltiazem (part 2) on encorafenib pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers following a single 50‐mg dose. A total of 32 participants were enrolled (16 each in parts 1 and 2). The area under the curve extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) geometric mean for encorafenib increased by 183% and 68.4%, respectively, when co‐administered with posaconazole. Apparent encorafenib clearance decreased from 26.0 to 9.2 L/h when coadministered with posaconazole, and plasma terminal half‐life (t½) of encorafenib increased from 4.3 to 7.3 h. The AUCinf and Cmax geometric mean for encorafenib increased by 83.0% and 44.7%, respectively, when co‐administered with diltiazem. Similarly, the apparent encorafenib clearance decreased from 29.0 to 16.0 L/h when co‐administered with diltiazem, and plasma t½ of encorafenib increased from 6.6 to 7.9 h. There were no deaths, serious adverse events (AEs), or patient discontinuations due to AEs in parts 1 or 2. The most frequently reported treatment‐related AEs were erythema (n = 14; 88%) and headache (n = 11; 69%) in part 1 and headache (n = 7; 44%) in part 2. The results of this study indicate that co‐administration of encorafenib with strong or moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors should be avoided.
An isolated mid‐anterolateral wall true ventricular aneurysm due to coronary artery disease
Authors: Binder M. Scott , Williams Eric , Heletz Ido 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAneurysms following a myocardial infarction usually involve the apical wall segments. We present a case of a rare isolated mid‐anterolateral wall aneurysm due to occlusion of a diagonal branch. We review the echocardiographic criteria for diagnosing a left ventricular (LV) aneurysm and discuss how to differentiate one from a more critical pseudoaneurysm. We demonstrate the utility of using ultrasound enhancing contrast and review imaging protocols for ruling out associated LV thrombus.
Phenotype predicts interspecific dominance hierarchies in a cloud‐forest hummingbird guild
Authors: Fernandez‐Duque Facundo , Miller Eliot T. , Fernandez‐Duque Matias , Falk Jay , Venable Gabriela , Rabinowicz Sophie , Becker C. Dustin , Hauber Mark E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCompetition over resources often leads to intra‐ and interspecific interactions, which can be detrimental to the individuals involved. Thus, natural selection should favor communication systems that reliably convey information regarding the relative competitive abilities of an individual, reducing the need for physically damaging confrontation. Body size, sex, age, relatedness, and ornamentation are important factors determining dominance across diverse taxa in intraspecific interactions. These traits, when perceptible, may serve as signals across species in guilds that have frequent interspecific interactions. Hummingbirds provide a tractable system to study such community dynamics due to their high frequency of interactions, variable ornamentation, diverse body sizes, fast metabolism, and large overlap in resource utilization. Even in this system, potential interactions between morphology and coloration are rarely accounted for together when analyzing dominance between species. We take a novel approach to understanding interspecific dominance by assessing behavior, morphology, and coloration across different types of behavioral interactions. Across 11 tropical montane hummingbird species, we find that dominance is predicted by wing size and some metrics of plumage coloration. However, the biological significance of these factors varies between the different dominance behaviors performed. These results inform our understanding of interspecific signaling and its role in the evolution of intraguild communication and resource competition.
Guiana dolphins use mangrove margins as a natural barrier to chase fish prey
Authors: Pierry Julia C. , Morete Maria E. , Monteiro‐Filho Emygdio L. A. , Teixeira Clarissa R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe behavioral plasticity among and within cetacean species can be driven by their prey sources, local adaptations to environmental features, and/or interactions with human activities. One of the tactics displayed by cetaceans is the barrier feeding, in which individuals or groups herd fish schools against natural and non‐natural barriers to restrict movements of their prey. Coastal odontocetes, for example, are known for using shorelines and underwater slopes to trap their prey. Here, we documented two distinct populations of Guiana dolphin using the mangrove margins as a natural barrier to herd and capture fish. The observations took place in the Cananéia estuary, São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil, and in the Paranaguá estuary, Paraná State, southern Brazil. A total of 63 dolphins over eight encounters were observed performing six different events using mangroves as a natural barrier, summing both study areas. These findings not only expand our understanding of the behavior plasticity of the species but also call attention to the importance of the mangrove ecosystem directly to Guiana dolphins and indirectly to the components of their food web.
A demo‐genetic model shows how silviculture reduces natural density‐dependent selection in tree populations
Authors: Godineau Claire , Fririon Victor , Beudez Nicolas , de Coligny François , Courbet François , Ligot Gauthier , Oddou‐Muratorio Sylvie , Sanchez Leopoldo , Lefèvre François 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBiological production systems and conservation programs benefit from and should care for evolutionary processes. Developing evolution‐oriented strategies requires knowledge of the evolutionary consequences of management across timescales. Here, we used an individual‐based demo‐genetic modelling approach to study the interactions and feedback between tree thinning, genetic evolution, and forest stand dynamics. The model combines processes that jointly drive survival and mating success—tree growth, competition and regeneration—with genetic variation of quantitative traits related to these processes. In various management and disturbance scenarios, the evolutionary rates predicted by the coupled demo‐genetic model for a growth‐related trait, vigor, fit within the range of empirical estimates found in the literature for wild plant and animal populations. We used this model to simulate non‐selective silviculture and disturbance scenarios over four generations of trees. We characterized and quantified the effect of thinning frequencies and intensities and length of the management cycle on viability selection driven by competition and fecundity selection. The thinning regimes had a drastic long‐term effect on the evolutionary rate of vigor over generations, potentially reaching 84% reduction, depending on management intensity, cycle length and disturbance regime. The reduction of genetic variance by viability selection within each generation was driven by changes in genotypic frequencies rather than by gene diversity, resulting in low‐long‐term erosion of the variance across generations, despite short‐term fluctuations within generations. The comparison among silviculture and disturbance scenarios was qualitatively robust to assumptions on the genetic architecture of the trait. Thus, the evolutionary consequences of management result from the interference between human interventions and natural evolutionary processes. Non‐selective thinning, as considered here, reduces the intensity of natural selection, while selective thinning (on tree size or other criteria) might reduce or reinforce it depending on the forester's tree choice and thinning intensity.
Global warming changes biomass and C:N:P stoichiometry of different components in terrestrial ecosystems
Authors: Wan Lingfan , Liu Guohua , Cheng Hao , Yang Shishuai , Shen Yu , Su Xukun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlobal warming has significantly affected terrestrial ecosystems. Biomass and C:N:P stoichiometry of plants and soil is crucial for enhancing plant productivity, improving human nutrition, and regulating biogeochemical cycles. However, the effect of warming on the biomass and C:N:P stoichiometry of different components (plant, leaf, stem, root, litter, soil, and microbial biomass) in various terrestrial ecosystems remains uncertain. We conducted a comprehensive meta‐analysis to investigate the global patterns of biomass and C:N:P stoichiometry responses to warming, as well as interaction relationships based on 1399 paired observations from 105 warming studies. Results indicated that warming had a significant impact on various aspects of plant growth, including an increase in plant biomass (+16.55%), plant C:N ratio (+4.15%), leaf biomass (+16.78%), stem biomass (+23.65%), root biomass (+22.00%), litter C:N ratio (+9.54%) and soil C:N ratio (+5.64%). However, it also decreased stem C:P ratio (−23.34%), root C:P ratio (−12.88%), soil N:P ratio (−14.43%) and soil C:P ratio (−16.33%). The magnitude of warming was the primary drivers of changes of biomass and C:N:P stoichiometry. By establishing the general response curves of changes in biomass and C:N:P ratios with increasing temperature, we demonstrated that warming effect on plant, root, and litter biomass shifted from negative to positive, whereas that on leaf and stem biomass changed from positive to negative as temperature increased. Additionally, the effect of warming on root C:N ratio, root biomass, and microbial biomass N:P ratios shifted from positive to negative, whereas the effects on plant N:P, leaf N:P, leaf C:P, root N:P ratios, and microbial biomass C:N ratio changed from negative to positive with increasing temperature. Our research can help assess plant productivity and optimize ecosystem stoichiometry precisely in the context of global warming.
Leukemia inhibitory factor shortens primary cilia by upregulating C‐C motif chemokine 2 in human neural stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Takahashi Hisashi , Fujimoto Takahiro , Yaoi Takeshi , Fushiki Shinji , Itoh Kyoko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrimary cilia on neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) play an important role in determining cell fate, although the regulatory mechanisms involved in the ciliogenesis remain largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the effect of the leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) for the primary cilia in immortalized human NSPCs. LIF withdrawal elongated the primary cilia length, whereas the addition of LIF shortened it. Microarray gene expression analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with LIF treatment were related with the multiple cytokine signaling pathways. Among the DEGs, C‐C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) had the highest ranking and its increase in the protein concentration in the NSPCs‐conditioned medium after the LIF treatment was confirmed by ELISA. Interestingly, we found that CCL2 was a negative regulator of cilium length, and LIF‐induced shortening of primary cilia was antagonized by CCL2‐specific antibody, suggesting that LIF could influence cilia length via upregulating CCL2. The shortening effect of LIF and CCL2 on primary cilia was also observed in SH‐SY5Y cells. The results of the study suggested that the LIF‐CCL2 axis may well be a regulator of NSPCs and its primary cilia length, which could affect multiple cellular processes, including NSPC proliferation and differentiation.
Molinist Thomist Calvinism: A Synthesis
Authors: Luke Sean 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAbstract: In recent years, attempts to reconcile God's exhaustive providential control over the future and human freedom frequently appeal to Molinism. Through the theory of Middle Knowledge, it is claimed, God can exercise meticulous providence over free creatures while preserving the libertarian agency of those creatures. Historically, both Thomist and Reformed theologians have critiqued the theory of Middle Knowledge for effectively eliminating God's aseity, making God's knowledge in some sense dependent on some non‐God reality. In this paper, I aim to push the discussion forward by integrating Thomist, Molinist, and Reformed perspectives in the view I call Molinist Thomist Calvinism. By resourcing each of these views, I try to offer a coherent way to affirm God's meticulous providence, including God's unconditional election of some and not others, and morally significant human freedom.
The university in modern South Asia: Historiographical framings between the local and the global
Authors: Ali Meher 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis essay traces different historiographical framings of the modern university in South Asia. Although the trajectories of this institution are manifold and complex, the university's deep imbrications with colonial expansion and developmentalist ambitions lend it to both national and global perspectives. Focusing on the late colonial to early postcolonial period, I examine how recent scholarship has positioned the university across multiple scales. In particular, I consider how the turn toward global, networked, and “entangled” perspectives — with examples drawn from global intellectual history and the history of international development — suggest fresh approaches, clearing the way for new questions as well as encountering unique limits. Ultimately, these frameworks help reorient the university toward its translocal dimensions: as a site of national imagining, internationalist claim‐making, development meaning‐making, global connectivity, and the transnational circulation of knowledge.
The ecological functions of dung beetles are shaped by multiple dimensions of diversity
Authors: Rivera Jose D. , de los Monteros Alejandro Espinosa , Favila Mario E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A mechanistic understanding of the relationship between multiple dimensions of species diversity and ecosystem functioning is needed to safeguard ecological processes critical to human well‐being.
We evaluated how taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversities, as well as the assembly mechanisms of dung beetle communities, percent forest cover and landscape fragmentation, affect dung burial, soil excavation efficiency and dung fly larvae abundance in Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve, a complex tropical landscape. Dung beetle functions were measured in 15 landscapes representing a gradient of forest cover loss (0%–100%).
Phylogenetically clustered assemblages of large tunneler dung beetles showed the highest dung burial efficiency across the landscape. Fly larvae abundance was negatively correlated with the taxonomic diversity and functional evenness of dung beetles. Forest cover and landscape fragmentation did not significantly affect dung burial effectiveness, suggesting a high degree of functional redundancy.
Dung burial efficacy is mainly driven by selection mechanisms, in which a single or a few phylogenetically close species disproportionately affect a given function. Fly larvae abundance was controlled by a complementary functional effect where each dung beetle species additively affected fly larvae survival. Hence, multiple functions are maintained by contrasting mechanisms and different diversity dimensions. High dung beetle species richness may foster pest fly control in tropical landscapes such as Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve.
Our findings highlight the need to assess multiple dimensions of diversity since each can operate concurrently and contrastingly on the different ecological functions of species assemblages.
A decisional framework for manufacturing relocation: Consolidating and expanding the reshoring debate
Authors: Tsai Tsung‐Yu , Urmetzer Florian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith respect to the increasing trend of companies reversing or modifying previous offshoring decisions, research on manufacturing relocation has gained momentum over the past decade. However, despite increasing efforts in this field, the general understanding of relocation still lacks maturity, with numerous conflicting results and arguments from a variety of industrial and regional contexts that are yet to be consolidated. This study uses a systematic literature review method to address this lack of consolidation, contributing to academia in three ways. First, this paper presents a novel decisional framework that involves all of the relevant aspects of a relocation decision based on 158 reviewed papers, laying a solid foundation for theoretical, conceptual and empirical development. Second, it consolidates and disambiguates all of the relevant terminologies used in relocation debates, providing proper logical clarification. Third, we identify 25 gaps in the research across all decisional aspects and propose three integrated research avenues that are critical to the accumulation of knowledge.
Nonpharmacological nursing interventions for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in acute and subacute settings: A systematic review
Authors: Jesto Sahaya , Considine Julie , Street Maryann 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundBehavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia are a group of non‐cognitive symptoms such as agitation, physical aggression, depression, sexual disinhibition and psychosis. Therapeutic approaches vary because of the multifactorial and complex symptomology. The researchers of this study aimed to systematically review the nonpharmacological interventions for BPSD used by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings.DesignThe PRISMA guidelines guided this systematic review. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020184015).MethodThe databases Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) complete, Medline complete, Excerpta Medica (Embase®) and PsycINFO published by the American Psychological Association (APA) were searched for studies published in English to October 2021. Quality appraisal was performed independently by three reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tools. Data were synthesized using a narrative approach.ResultsTwo studies were identified that focused on interventions used by nurses; findings were positive for the use of nonpharmacological interventions to manage BPSD.ConclusionCurrent evidence suggests that nonpharmacological interventions are the best practices to manage BPSD. However, limited, and low‐quality evidence suggests that further investigation is required to understand the factors contributing to the lack of use of nonpharmacological interventions by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings.
The focus on weight in the inpatient care of anorexia nervosa: A qualitative investigation of consumer perspectives
Authors: Zugai Joel Sebastian , Gill Katherine , Molloy Luke , Raeburn Toby , Ramjan Lucie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnorexia nervosa has a high mortality rate and is often treated in the inpatient setting, where close monitoring and medical support are available. Consistent with objective biomedical benchmarks, conventional inpatient treatment is often focussed on weight gain. Consumers report that clinicians provide care focussed on weight and physical restoration without adequate consideration of their full spectrum of needs. The aim of this study was to explore consumers' perspectives of the biomedical focus on weight gain in the inpatient care of anorexia nervosa. This study employed a qualitative approach, involving semistructured interviews, and participants were recruited from relevant social media communities. This study was ethically approved by a university ethics committee and the COREQ checklist ensured ethical reporting. Ten women participated in interviews. Participants reported that the biomedical imperative of weight gain is focussed on at the exclusion of other relevant determinants of well‐being, and the narrow focus on weight gain does not suitably prepare consumers for discharge. The conflict between clinicians' biomedical focus and consumers' broader unmet needs leads to harmful interpersonal dynamics and feelings of invalidation. The inpatient care of anorexia nervosa needs to develop beyond biomedically driven objectives and incorporate the merits of an approach that substantively integrates person‐centred care, therapeutic relationships and trauma‐informed principles.