bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalable production of uniform and mature organoids in a 3D geometrically-engineered permeable membrane
Authors: Kim Dong Sung , Kim Dohui , Lim Hyeonji , Youn Jaeseung , Park Tae-Eun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The application of organoids has been limited by the lack of methods for producing uniformly mature organoids at scale. This study introduces an organoid culture platform, called UniMat, which addresses the challenges of uniformity and maturity simultaneously. UniMat is designed to not only ensure consistent organoid growth but also facilitate an unrestricted supply of soluble factors by a 3D geometrically-engineered, permeable membrane-based platform. Using UniMat, we demonstrate the scalable generation of kidney organoids with enhanced uniformity in both structure and function compared to conventional methods. Notably, kidney organoids within UniMat matured significantly better, showing increased expression of nephron transcripts, more in vivo-like cell-type balance, and better vascularization. Moreover, UniMat's design offers a more standardized organoid model for drug testing, as demonstrated by its consistent response to a polycystic-kidney-disease drug. In essence, UniMat presents a transformative platform for organoid technology, promising applications in organ development, disease modeling, and drug screening.
Low-complexity conjugate homodyne detection scheme for SPAD-free DV-QKD
Authors: Ramos Mariana , Vokić Nemanja , Hübel Hannes , Pinto Armando , Silva Nuno 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We demonstrate a polarization diversity conjugate homodyne detection scheme for DV-QKD, that does not require complex high
computational demanding post-processing or single-photon detection. Unlike CV-QKD based on coherent detection, this work
presents the advantage for saving computational resources highly-demanded by sophisticated carrier phase and frequency
recovery schemes. A complete physical model of the DV-QKD system is assessed under a finite-key size analysis of the BB84
with 1 decoy state protocol and phase randomization between consecutive pulses. We show that, for practical post-processing
block sizes of 108 bits, the system is able for key generation up to a secrete key fraction of 4% obtained after a post-selection stage to obtain discrete outcomes. Also, we demonstrate experimentally the decoding of quantum polarization states can be achieved with a inherent QBER lower than 1%.
Deletion of Cardiac Fgf23 Impairs Myocardial Energy Metabolism and Ameliorates Fibrosis in a Pressure Overload Model in Mice
Authors: Erben Reinhold , Latic Nejla , Sun Na , Buck Achim , Zupcic Ana , Hofer Martin , Chang Wenhan , Walch Axel , Grabner Alexander 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with increased cardiac expression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF23) in mice and men. To further elucidate the pathophysiological role of locally produced FGF23 in LVH, we specifically ablated Fgf23 in cardiomyocytes by crossing Fgf23fl/fl mice with MLCv2-Cre transgenic mice, and employed transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to induce LVH by chronic pressure overload. The TAC-induced ~25-fold increase in cardiac Fgf23 mRNA expression was blunted in cardiomyocyte-specific Fgf23 knock-out (Fgf23CKO) mice. Serum Fgf23 levels were equally increased in all genotypes after TAC, suggesting that cardiac-derived Fgf23 does not contribute to the TAC-induced rise in circulating Fgf23. Heart-to-body weight ratio, cardiomyocyte size, and molecular hypertrophy markers were similarly increased in all TAC groups, showing that LVH developed inde-pendently of cardiac Fgf23. However, Fgf23CKO TAC mice showed reduced blood pressure upstream of the aortic constriction site, more pronounced eccentric hypertrophy, and a distinct reduction of cardiac fibrosis, relative to Fgf23fl/fl TAC controls. Spatial metabolomics using mass spectrometry imaging in heart cryosections revealed that lack of local Fgf23 secretion reduced intracellular glucose abundance and impaired cardiac energy metabolism. Conversely, treatment of cultured cardiomyocytes with recombinant FGF23 stimulated the abundance of intracellular glucose as evidenced by mass spectrometry imaging. Collectively, our data uncover a novel function of cardiomyocyte-derived Fgf23 as modulator of energy metabolism and of cardiac fibrosis in LVH.
Anti-Ebola virus mAb 3A6 with unprecedented potency protects highly viremic animals from fatal outcome and physically lifts its glycoprotein target from the virion membrane
Authors: Saphire Erica , Salie Zhe Li , Ke Zunlong , Halfmann Peter , DeWald Lisa Evans , McArdle Sara , Grinyo Ariadna , Davidson Edgar , Schendel Sharon , Hariharan Chitra , Norris Michael , Yu Xiaoying , Chennareddy Chakravarthy , Xiong Xiaoli , Heinrich Megan , Holbrook Michael , Doranz Benjamin , Crozier Ian , Hastie Kathryn , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Branco Luis , Kuhn Jens , Briggs John , Worwa Gabriella , Davis Carl , Ahmed Rafi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP1,2) are the standard of care for Ebola virus disease (EVD). Anti-GP1,2 mAbs targeting the stalk and membrane proximal external region (MPER) potently neutralize EBOV in vitro. However, their neutralization mechanism is poorly understood because they target a GP1,2 epitope that has evaded structural characterization. Moreover, their in vivo efficacy has only been evaluated in the mouse model of EVD. Using x-ray crystallography and cryo-electron tomography of 3A6 complexed with its stalk– GP1,2 MPER epitope we reveal a novel mechanism in which 3A6 elevates the stalk or stabilizes a conformation of GP1,2 that is lifted from the virion membrane. In domestic guinea pig and rhesus monkey EVD models, 3A6 provides therapeutic benefit at high viremia levels, advanced disease stages, and at the lowest dose yet demonstrated for any anti-EBOV mAb-based monotherapy. These findings can guide design of next-generation, highly potent anti-EBOV mAbs.
Wafer-scale lithography of silicone-integrated hole transporters for anti-pixel crosstalk organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Kim Do Hwan , Kweon Hyukmin , Kim Seonkwon , Ha Borina , Lee Seunghan , Lee Soyeon , Ha Jiyeon , Kang Minsu , Roh Seung Hwan , Kang Moon Sung , Cho Jeong Ho 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Ultrahigh-density displays are becoming increasingly prevalent in display technology for immersive digital interactive devices. However, the pursuit of higher pixel resolution has inadvertently led to the emergence of electrical pixel crosstalk, primarily due to the use of common hole transporting layers (HTLs). In this work, we present wafer-scale, anti-pixel crosstalk micro-lithography to mitigate electrical pixel crosstalk by incorporating a silicone-integrated small molecule HTL (SI-HTL), which not only enables ultrahigh-density pixelation but also enhances the functionality of the HTL itself. Leveraging the inherent silicon etching properties of SI-HTL, we successfully created high-fidelity micro-pattern arrays with a remarkable resolution of up to 10,062 pixels per inch on 6-inch wafer scales. Furthermore, SI-HTL effectively modulates charge balance within the emission layers, resulting in improved luminance characteristics in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Our comprehensive optical and quantitative assessment of electrical pixel crosstalk in OLEDs integrated with micro-patterned SI-HTL demonstrates the significant effectiveness of high pixelation of the HTL in alleviating the crosstalk issue.
The Potential Value of Novel Biomarkers: keratin 19(KRT19) and laminin beta1 (LAMB1) in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Daim Dina Abd El , Agroudy Ayman El-Baz El , Nada Hoda Ahmed , ElAlfy Hatem Abd El-Wahab , Hazem Noha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global problem as it represents the 6th most common cancer worldwide and the 2nd most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the only clinically proven HCC biomarker up till now with limited sensitivity and specificity. Laminin B1(LAMB1) expression increases in liver cirrhosis and HCC. It was observed that in HCC malignant hepatocytes express keratin19 (KRT19). This study aims + to evaluate the potential value of both KRT19 and LAMB1 in human HCC diagnosis through the investigation of their mRNA levels in the blood sample.
Methods
KRT19 and LAMB1 mRNA was assessed in blood samples by total mRNA extraction, reverse transcription, and real-time PCR in comparison with AFP. 80 subjects were included in 3 groups which are the normal healthy controls (NC, n = 22), the cirrhotic patients without HCC (CC, n = 21), and HCC patients (HCC, n = 37).
Results
For discrimination between HCC and CC groups, KRT19 has the highest accuracy with 100% specificity and sensitivity of 89.2% among the other studied genes according to the ROC curve. To differentiate between the HCC patients and the NC group, KRT19 also has the highest accuracy with 80.95% specificity and 86.84% sensitivity.
Conclusions
This study indicates a potential role of KRT19 and LAMB1 mRNA expression assessment for HCC detection. KRT19 mRNA expression levels showed higher diagnostic accuracy than AFP in the diagnosis of HCC. This might help early detection of HCC patients with other routine liver markers which confers better response to treatment and lower mortality rates.
Synthesis of NMC111 Cathode from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs) using Acetic Acid as a Leaching Agent and Flame Assisted Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Saputra Dita Adi , Rahayu Sri , Gumelar Muhammad Dikdik , Arjasa Oka Pradipta , Husin Saddam , Taqwatomo Galih , Yuliani Hanif , Saudi Aghni Ulma , Andrameda Yurian Ariandi , Agustanhakri Agustanhakri , Budiman Abdul Hamid , Arti Dewi Kusuma , Indrijarso Surat , Syaifulloh Aan , Setiawan Iwan , Prasetyo Agus Budi , Lalasari Latifa Hanum 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study uses the Flame Assisted Spray Pyrolysis (FASP) method to synthesize NMC111 cathode nanoparticles from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) cathode (NMC battery type) leachate with organic acids. Beginning with the pre-treatment procedures for batteries, which include grading, discharging, disassembling, separating, grinding, sieving, and heat treating. Recovery of Li, Ni, Mn, and Co metal ions utilizes extraction by hydrometallurgy method with acetic acid (CH3COOH) as a leaching agent with varying acid concentrations (0,25; 0,5; 0,75; 1; 1,25 M), solid-to-liquid ratio (10; 15; 20; 25; 30 g/L) and temperature (40; 50; 60; 70; 80 ºC) to get the optimum conditions. Up to 4% v/v of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is utilized as an effective oxidizing agent. The results showed that concentrations of 1.25M, a solid-to-liquid ratio of 30 gr/L, and a temperature of 70ºC were the optimum leaching conditions for acetic acid, producing percentages of metal recovery of 87.16%, 64.34%, 82.89%, and 99.24% for Li, Ni, Mn, and Co. After molarity adjustment, NMC 111 cathodes are synthesized/regenerated using the FASP method from the cathode of a spent NMC battery using an acetic acid leaching solution. The cathode produced by the FASP approach showed a good level of crystallization, as shown by the XRD data after a 6-hour calcination treatment at 800ºC. The nanoparticles produced using the FASP approach had a spherical shape with particle size distribution in the range of 200–400 nm and characteristic polycrystalline aggregates, according to the morphology and particle size analysis performed by SEM-EDX.
A phase I trial investigating the clinical safety and anti-tumor efficacy of a new generation of oncolytic adenovirus, Ad-TD-nsIL12, in Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Ning Weihai , Qian Xiao , Guo Yuduo , Li Shenglun , Song Dixiang , Liu Deshan , Ma Lixin , Chen Yujia , Zhao Chao , Xu Jiacheng , Qu Yanming , Wang Haoran , Gu Chunyu , Zhang Mingshan , Dunmall Louisa Chard , Wang Yaohe , Wang Shengdian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Glioblastoma is one of the most fatal malignancies of the central nervous system, with high mortality and post-treatment recurrence rates. Oncolytic viruses are attractive treatment options for this disease, but must be improved to enhance efficacy and safety. Here we describe a phase I, dose-escalating trial to study the safety of Ad-TD-nsIL12, a novel oncolytic adenovirus expressing a mutant form of interleukin-12, in patients with recurrent glioblastoma that connects with the ventricular system. Eight patients, were enrolled, with treatment doses ranging from 5x109vp to 5x1010vp. Grade 3 seizure was observed in two patients from Cohort 3 (5x1010vp). Minimal adverse events were observed at a treatment dose of 1x1010vp, even after multiple injections. Complete response in one patient, a partial response in one patient and post-treatment infiltrations of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into the tumor were documented during this trial. AD-TD-nsIL12 treatment was safe and effective and warrants examination in a phase II clinical study.
Using deep learning algorithm to predict flow boiling pressure drop under ultrasound fields in vertical mini-channels
Authors: Zhang Jinxin , Xiao Jian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Two-phase flow in mini/micro-channels can meet the high heat dissipation requirements of many state-of-the-art cooling solutions. However, there is lack of accurate universal methods for predicting parameters like pressure drop in these configurations. In recent years, deep learning has been brought to wide attention that could be employed for data-driven estimation gas-liquid two-phase pressure drop in mini-channels. This paper put forward a new multi-scale convolution neural network (MSCNN) and time-frequency representation (TFR) model based on deep learning was proposed to predict pressure drop of gas-liquid two-phase flow in mini-channels under ultrasound. Time-series pressure drop fluctuation data of gas-liquid two-phase were transformed into useful TFRs data by wavelet transform. TFR could effectively reveal the pressure drop fluctuation of gas-liquid two-phase in mini-channel, but The TFRs data scale was the high dimensionality and consumes computer resources. Therefore, bilinear interpolation was used to reduce TFRs data scale and as input of deep learning model. Compared with the traditional convolutional neural network (CNN) model structure, MSCNN model structure has global and local information synchronization. The prominent features are helpful to predict flow boiling pressure drop in mini-channel and to the automatic learning of MSCNN. Experiments showed that the prediction performance of MSCNN model has been greatly improved than the traditional data-driven.
Determination of Fruit Characteristics, Nutrients and Biochemical Contents of Transvalia (Prunus persica L.) Peach Variety Grafted on Different Clonal Rootstocks Obtained by Selection and Hybridization
Authors: yaman mehmet , uğur remzi , keçe yusuf murat , ünsal hasan talha , gönültaş metin , güneş adem , yıldız ercan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rootstocks are frequently used in modern orchard practise due to their special characteristics. They not only eliminate the limiting factors in fruit growing, but also have advantages such as increasing productivity, fruit quality, dwarfing and nutrient yield. In addition, rootstocks have a significant impact on plant development, fruit characteristics, nutrients and biochemical content. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different peach rootstocks on fruit quality, nutrient content and biochemical content. A total of 16 rootstocks of the species P. persica were used as test material. The morphological characteristics include fruit weight (297,33 g), fruit width (83.5 mm), fruit length (77.58 mm), seed weight (9.96 g), seed width (28.16 mm) and seed length (43 mm). The rootstock GGF3 has the highest values (0.47 mm). The effect of rootstocks on nutrients (except Al, Ca, Cu, K, P and Fe) in the fruits was statistically significant. The effect of rootstocks on nutrients (except Pb, Na and Cr) in the leaves was found to be statistically significant. The effect of the individual rootstocks on the plant nutrients varied. It has been found that there is a positive relationship between micro and macronutrients. The highest mineral content in peach rootstocks was found in rootstock NGF14 with P (1071,34 mg kg− 1) and K (4234,30 mg kg− 1), in rootstock NG1 with Ca (539,6 mg kg− 1) and in rootstock FG64 with Mg (289.98 mg kg− 1 ). With regard to the analysed characteristics, a large variation between the peach rootstocks was observed. According to the results of biochemical analysis, statistically significant differences were found in total biochemical contents. Among the peach rootstocks, KL38 rootstock had the highest content of total flavonoids with 25.68 mg 100gr-1 the highest anthocyanin content with 7.48 mg kg-1, KL38 rootstock also had the highest phenolic content with 137,19 mg kg-1, and NGF14 rootstock had the highest antioxidant content with 349,46 mg kg-1. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the eigenvalue of 13 PCs was above 1.0 and accounted for 85.08% of the total variation; this effectively showed the variation among peach rootstocks with respect to the traits analysed. These results show that most of the peach rootstocks analysed are rich in minerals, nutritional values and bioactive substances. Therefore, these rootstocks, which have high nutritional value and important health properties, can be used as genetic material in peach breeding programmes and similar studies for the development of new peach varieties. The data obtained show that rootstock varieties have a significant impact on the aforementioned traits and that the selection of rootstock varieties has a very important place, especially in economic breeding.
Identification of Novel Loci and Cross-Disorder Pleiotropy Through Multi-Ancestry Genome-Wide Analysis of Alcohol Use Disorder in Over One Million Individuals
Authors: Icick Romain , Shadrin Alexey , Holen Børge , Karadag Naz , Parker Nadine , O'Connell Kevin , Frei Oleksandr , Bahrami Shahram , Høegh Margrethe , Lagerberg Trine , Cheng Weiqiu , Seibert Tyler , Djurovic Srdjan , Dale Anders , Zhou Hang , Edenberg Howard , Gelernter Joel , Smeland Olav , Hindley Guy , Andreassen Ole 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly heritable and burdensome worldwide. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) can provide new evidence regarding the aetiology of AUD. We report a multi-ancestry GWASs across diverse ancestries focusing on a narrow AUD phenotype, using novel statistical tools in a total sample of 1,041,450 individuals [102,079 cases; European, 75,583; African, 20,689 (mostly African-American); Hispanic American, 3,449; East Asian, 2,254; South Asian, 104; descent]. Cross-ancestry functional analyses were performed with European and African samples. Thirty-seven genome-wide significant loci were identified, of which seven were novel for AUD and six for other alcohol phenotypes. Loci were mapped to genes enriched for brain regions relevant for AUD (striatum, hypothalamus, and prefrontal cortex) and potential drug targets (GABAergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons). African-specific analysis yielded a unique pattern of immune-related gene sets. Polygenic overlap and positive genetic correlations showed extensive shared genetic architecture between AUD and both mental and general medical phenotypes, suggesting they are not only complications of alcohol use but also share genetic liability with AUD. Leveraging a cross-ancestry approach allowed identification of novel genetic loci for AUD and underscores the value of multi-ancestry genetic studies. These findings advance our understanding of AUD risk and clinically-relevant comorbidities.
Mendelian randomization to evaluate the relationship between frailty index and the risk of osteoporosis, falls and fractures
Authors: Zhao Libo , Zhang Yu , Pu Hongxu , Liu Chang , Zheng Meng , Wang Zhiyong , Zhang Jingru , Li Yonggang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Observational research suggested a suggestive relationship between frailty index (FI) and osteoporosis, falls and fractures.
Aims
This study aimed to explore genetic causality and identified that higher genetically predicted FI positively correlated with increased risks of osteoporosis, falls, and fractures.
Methods
Genome-wide association study summary data were used to identify genetic variants strongly related to FI. GWAS data of Heel Bone mineral density, osteoporosis, fall risk and fracture at different site was considered as outcome. Inverse variance-weighted (IVW) analysis was mainly applied; MR-Egger and the weighted median were also used to obtain robust estimates. A series of sensitivity analyses were used to detect pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Then, we adjustment of Body Mass Index (BMI) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR).
Results
In the main analysis, a genetically predicted higher Frailty index was associated with a higher risk of Osteoporosis and fall. What’s more, frailty index significantly contributed to an increased risk of Heel Body Mass Density (BMD). In MVMR, after correcting for type 2 diabetes, the causal relationship between FI and Heel BMD has turned into negative regulation. Results of comprehensive sensitivity analysis were consistent with the main causality estimate. Horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity were absent in our MR study.
Discussion
The results provide evidence that offering avenues for interventions alleviates the burden of FI associated with these health concerns.
Conclusions
Our results suggest a potentially causal relationship between FI and osteoporosis, falls, and fractures.
How much does it cost to retain antiretroviral therapy (ART) clients in care? Routine financial costs of retention interventions at Lighthouse Trust’s Martin Preuss Centre (MPC) in Lilongwe, Malawi
Authors: Weldemariam Hiwot , Thawani Agness , Kiruthu-Kamamia Christine , Huwa Jacqueline , Chipanda Mirriam , Tweya Hannock , Feldacker Caryl 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction Antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves the health of people living with HIV (PLHIV). However, a high loss to follow-up, particularly in the first year after ART initiation, is problematic. The financial expenses related to client retention in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in sub-Saharan Africa are not well understood. This study aimed to comprehensively assess and quantify the financial costs associated with routine ART retention care at Lighthouse Trust’s (LT) Martin Preuss Centre (MPC), a large, public ART clinic in Lilongwe, Malawi. Methods We performed activity-based microcosting using routine data to assess the expenses related to routine ART retention services at the MPC for 12 months, January-December 2021. MPC provides an “ART Buddy” from ART initiation to 12 months. The MPC’s Back-to-Care (B2C) program traces clients who miss ART visits at any time. Clients may be traced and return to care multiple times per year. We assessed client retention costs for the first 12 months of treatment with ART and conducted a sensitivity analysis. Results The total annual cost of ART retention interventions at the MPC was $237,564. The proactive Buddy phase incurred $108,504; personnel costs contributed $97,764. In the reactive B2C phase, the total cost was $129,060, with personnel expenses remaining substantial at $73,778. The Buddy unit cost was $34 per client. The reactive B2C intervention was $17 per tracing event. On average, the unit cost for ART retention in the first year of ART averaged $22 per client. Conclusion This study sheds light on the financial dimensions of ART retention interventions at the MPC of LTs. ART retention is both costly and critical for helping clients adhere to visits and remain in care. Continued investment in the human resources needed for both proactive and reactive retention efforts is critical to engaging and retaining patients on lifetime ART.