bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of precarious employment and calling on the psychosocial health and work well-being of young and older workers in the care sector: a longitudinal study
Authors: Hult Marja , Kallio Hanna , Kangasniemi Mari , Pesonen Tanja , Kopra Juho 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Employment conditions in the care sector are changing, and precarious employment (PE) is becoming more widespread, manifesting as undervaluation, adverse leadership, work overload, and inadequate control over work. This study aimed to examine changes in psychosocial health, work well-being, PE, and calling over time and explore the effects of PE and calling on psychosocial health and work well-being.

Methods
The longitudinal study collected follow-up panel data in the three time points (2020, 2022, and 2023) from care workers (n = 1502), linear mixed effects models.

Results
PE decreased (β =  – 0.02), and perceived work well-being increased (β = 0.04), but there were no change in psychosocial health (β =  – 0.01) and calling (β = 0.01) during the three-year period. Younger (< 39) care workers perceived higher levels of PE and had poorer psychological health. Moreover, PE had a negative effect on psychosocial health (β =  – 0.63) and work well-being (β =  – 0.68) and calling had a positive effect on psychosocial health (β = 0.41) and work well-being (β = 0.49) in multivariate models.

Conclusion
PE conditions affect work performance and employee well-being and may threaten patient care; therefore, it should be further investigated in the care sector. It is noteworthy that calling still seems to be central in care work. The results deepen the understanding of the current shortage crisis in health and social care workplaces but can also provide keys to resolving the crisis.
One bout of endurance exercise does not change gene expression or proliferation in a C26 colon carcinoma in immunocompetent mice
Authors: Mahnic Nik , Geremia Alessia , Straub Tobias , Zorzato Sabrina , Schönfelder Martin , von Lüttichau Irene , Steiger Katja , Saller Maximilian Michael , Blaauw Bert , Wackerhage Henning 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Exercise typically reduces tumour growth, proliferation and improves outcomes. Many of these effects require exercise to change gene expression within a tumour, but whether exercise actually affects gene expression within a tumour has not been investigated yet. The aim of this study was, therefore, to find out whether one bout of endurance exercise alters gene expression and proliferation in a C26 carcinoma in immunocompetent mice.

Methods
BALB/c were injected with C26 colon carcinoma cells. Once the tumours had formed, the mice either ran for 65 min with increasing intensity or rested before the tumour was dissected. The tumours were then analysed by RNA-Seq and stained for the proliferation marker KI67.

Results
One bout of running for 65 min did not systematically change gene expression in C26 carcinomas of BALB/c mice when compared to BALB/c mice that were rested. However, when analysed for sex, the expression of 17, mostly skeletal muscle-related genes was higher in the samples of the female mice taken post-exercise. Further histological analysis showed that this signal likely comes from the presence of muscle fibres from the panniculus carnosus muscle inside the tumours. Also, we found no differences in the positivity for the proliferation marker KI67 in the control and exercise C26 carcinomas.

Conclusion
A bout of exercise did not systematically affect gene expression or proliferation in C26 carcinomas in immunocompetent BALB/c mice.
Ginsenoside Rh4 inhibits inflammation-related hepatocellular carcinoma progression by targeting HDAC4/IL-6/STAT3 signaling
Authors: Jiang Ruiyuan , Luo Shujuan , Zhang Meng , Wang Wei , Zhuo Shaoyuan , Wu Yajing , Qiu Qingmei , Yuan Yuan , Jiang Xiao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of Ginsenoside Rh4 (Rh4) on inflammation-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and the underlying mechanism. HCC cells (HUH7 and LM3) were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an inflammatory environment in the absence or presence of Rh4. CCK-8, wound healing and transwell assays were employed to analyze the viability, migration and invasion of HCC cells. Ki67 expression was detected by immunofluorescence method. Besides, the levels of glucose and lactic acid were tested by kits. The expression of proteins related to migration, glycolysis and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4)/IL-6/STAT3 signaling was measured with western blot. The transplantation tumor model of HCC in mice was established to observe the impacts of Rh4 on the tumor growth. Results indicated that Rh4 restricted the viability and Ki67 expression in HCC cells exposed to LPS. The elevated migration and invasion of HCC cells triggered by LPS were reduced by Rh4. Additionally, Rh4 treatment remarkably decreased the contents of glucose and lactic acid and downregulated LDHA and GLUT1 expression. The database predicated that Rh4 could target HDAC4, and our results revealed that Rh4 downregulated HDAC4, IL-6 and p-STAT3 expression. Furthermore, the enforced HDAC4 expression alleviated the effects of Rh4 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and glycolysis of HCC cells stimulated by LPS. Taken together, Rh4 could suppress inflammation-related HCC progression by targeting HDAC4/IL-6/STAT3 signaling. These findings clarify a new anti-cancer mechanism of Rh4 on HCC and provide a promising agent to limit HCC development.
A universal variational framework for parabolic equations and systems
Authors: Auscher Pascal , Egert Moritz 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe propose a variational approach to solve Cauchy problems for parabolic equations and systems independently of regularity theory for solutions. This produces a universal and conceptually simple construction of fundamental solution operators (also called propagators) for which we prove $${\text {L}}^2$$

L

2

off-diagonal estimates, which is new under our assumptions. In the special case of systems for which pointwise local bounds hold for weak solutions, this provides Gaussian upper bounds for the corresponding fundamental solution. In particular, we obtain a new proof of Aronson’s estimates for real equations. The scheme is general enough to allow systems with higher order elliptic parts on full space or second order elliptic parts on Sobolev spaces with boundary conditions. Another new feature is that the control on lower order coefficients is within critical mixed time-space Lebesgue spaces or even mixed Lorentz spaces.
Effects of enamel matrix derivative in nonsurgical periodontal therapy on pro-inflammatory profiles, microbial environment and clinical outcome: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Wehner Christian , Tur Dino , Durstberger Gerlinde , Laky Markus , Laky Brenda , Andrukhov Oleh , Moritz Andreas , Rausch-Fan Xiaohui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) application following subgingival instrumentation of residual pockets in periodontitis patients on inflammatory host response, microbiological composition, and clinical outcome.

Methods
In this double-blinded randomized controlled trial, a total of 22 patients with generalized periodontitis stage III or IV presenting with ≥ 6 mm probing pocket depth (PPD) at re-evaluation after initial periodontal therapy were included. Participants were randomly allocated at a 1:1 ratio to subgingival instrumentation with (EMD +) or without (EMD-) non-surgical EMD application into the pocket. PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BoP), plaque index (PI), as well as a panel of pro-inflammatory cytokines and periodontal pathogen count in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of the respective sites were evaluated at baseline (T0) and six months afterwards (T1).

Results
Both treatment groups showed a significant PPD reduction (EMD + 1.33 ± 1.15 mm, p < 0.001; EMD- 1.32 ± 1.01 mm, p < 0.001) as well as CAL gain (EMD + 1.13 ± 1.58 mm, p < 0.001; EMD- 0.47 ± 1.06 mm, p = 0.005) from T0 to T1. While no intergroup differences for PPD reduction were observed, CAL gain was higher in EMD + sites compared to EMD- (p = 0.009). No essential effects on cytokine expression as well as bacterial count were detected.

Conclusions
Application of EMD as an adjunct to subgingival instrumentation of residual pockets yielded benefits regarding CAL gain; however, effects on PPD reduction, inflammatory cytokines, and bacterial count were negligible.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04449393), registration date 26/06/2020.

Clinical relevance
Based on the obtained results, additional non-surgical EMD application compared to subgingival instrumentation alone showed no clinically relevant effects on treatment outcome and underlying biological mechanisms.
Development of the Digital Inclusion Questionnaire (DIQUEST) in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Canoro Vincenzo , Picillo Marina , Cuoco Sofia , Pellecchia Maria Teresa , Barone Paolo , Erro Roberto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
No tool is currently able to measure digital inclusion in clinical populations suitable for telemedicine. We developed the “Digital Inclusion Questionnaire” (DIQUEST) to estimate access and skills in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients and verified its properties with a pilot study.

Methods
Thirty PD patients completed the initial version of the DIQUEST along with the Mobile Device Proficiency Questionnaire (MDPQ) and a practical computer task. A Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was conducted to define the DIQUEST factor structure and remove less informative items. We used Cronbach’s α to measure internal reliability and Spearman’s correlation test to determine the convergent and predictive validity with the MDPQ and the practical task, respectively.

Results
The final version of the DIQUEST consisted of 20 items clustering in five components: “advanced skills,” “navigation skills,” “basic skills/knowledge,” “physical access,” and “economical access.” All components showed high reliability (α > 0.75) as did the entire questionnaire (α = 0.94). Correlation analysis demonstrated high convergent (rho: 0.911; p<0.001) and predictive (rho: 0.807; p<0.001) validity.

Conclusions
We have here presented the development of the DIQUEST as a screening tool to assess the level of digital inclusion, particularly addressing the access and skills domains. Future studies are needed for its validation beyond PD.
Sexually Transmitted Infection Risks and Symptoms Heightened Among Female Sex Workers who Started Selling Sex Before the Age of 18 in Five Cities in Cameroon
Authors: Grosso Ashley , Bowring Anna L. , Njindam Iliassou Mfochive , Decker Michele R. , Lyons Carrie , Rao Amrita , Tamoufe Ubald , Fako Guy H. , Fouda Ghislaine , Levitt Daniel , Turpin Gnilane , Billong Serge C. , Zoung-Kanyi Bissek Anne Cécile , Njoya Oudou , Baral Stefan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMany adolescents under 18 years old who sell sex are at elevated risk for sexually transmitted infection (STI) acquisition, which may persist into adulthood. There has been limited study of the burden of the risks and vulnerabilities among women who started selling sex as adolescents across Sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, a Adult female sex workers (FSW) recruited through respondent-driven sampling in five cities in Cameroon from December 2015 to October 2016 completed a questionnaire and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis testing. Multivariable logistic regression analysis controlling for age was used to identify factors associated with reporting selling sex before age 18. Selling sex before age 18 was reported by 11.5% (256/2,220) of FSW. Initiation of selling sex as an adolescent was positively associated with experiencing dysuria (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.08–2.10) or genital warts (aOR:1.78, 95% CI:1.08–2.94) and negatively associated with prior recent testing for HIV (aOR:0.71, 95% CI:0.53–0.96) or STIs (aOR:0.65, 95% CI:0.44–0.96). Consistent condom use with clients was negatively associated with early initiation of selling sex (aOR:0.58, 95% CI:0.42–0.80), while experience of recent sexual violence was positively associated with early initiation (aOR:1.74, 95% CI:1.15–2.63). There were no independent significant differences in HIV (24.5%) or syphilis (8.3%) prevalence. Given the limited use of HIV and STI testing services by women who sold sex as adolescents, the prevalence of forced sex, condomless sex, and STI symptoms were high. Programs serving FSW should more vigorously aim to serve adolescents and adults who began selling sex early.
Isolated hyperthermic perfusions for cutaneous melanoma in-transit metastasis of the limb and uveal melanoma metastasis to the liver
Authors: Huibers Anne , DePalo Danielle K. , Perez Matthew C. , Zager Jonathan S. , Olofsson Bagge Roger 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPatients with cutaneous melanoma can develop in-transit metastases (ITM), most often localized to limbs. For patients with uveal melanoma that develop metastatic disease, the overall majority develop isolated liver metastases. For these types of metastases, regional cancer therapies have evolved as effective treatments. Isolated limb perfusion (ILP), isolated limb infusion (ILI), isolated hepatic perfusion (IHP) and percutaneous hepatic perfusion (PHP) achieve a high local concentration of chemotherapy with minimal systemic exposure. This review discusses the mechanism and available literature on locoregional treatment modalities in the era of modern immunotherapy.
Preservice teachers' professional knowledge for ICT integration in the classroom: Analysing its structure and its link to teacher education
Authors: Heine Sandra , Krepf Matthias , Jäger-Biela Daniela J. , Gerhard Kristina , Stollenwerk Rebecca , König Johannes 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs digitalisation is becoming increasingly important in educational settings, teachers' key competencies – in particular, their professional knowledge regarding the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in the classroom – warrant targeted development. Aside from their general pedagogical knowledge (GPK), teachers’ technological pedagogical knowledge (TPK) and technological knowledge (TK) are becoming increasingly necessary for mastering professional teaching-related tasks (as outlined in the well-known technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) model). To date, however, the question of whether these knowledge facets are discrete or interrelated – at least, on the basis of standardised assessments – has remained largely unanswered. In the present study, therefore, a sample of 619 preservice teachers (320 bachelor’s and 299 master’s students in their second semesters) were considered via an online survey with three different knowledge tests. In this article, we investigate hypotheses concerning the structures of those knowledge facets and further hypothesise that initial teacher education learning opportunities relate to preservice teachers’ GPK, TPK, and TK. Our findings reveal that the three knowledge facets can be empirically separated. Master’s students outperform bachelor’s students in all three tests, however, with effects varying from strong (GPK) to medium (TPK, TK). As expected, pedagogical learning opportunities – surveyed through students’ self-reports – directly correlate with GPK. By contrast, technological pedagogical and technological learning opportunities are not correlated with TPK and TK, respectively. We discuss the findings’ implications for future initial teacher education design – in particular, the evident need to update the curriculum to meet the needs of the current era of digitalisation.
Investigating the impacts of heavy metal(loid)s on ecology and human health in the lower basin of Hungary’s Danube River: A Python and Monte Carlo simulation-based study
Authors: Saeed Omar , Székács András , Jordán Győző , Mörtl Mária , Abukhadra Mostafa R. , Eid Mohamed Hamdy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the environmental and health risks of the heavy metal levels in the Danube River in Hungary. The metals, including Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, and As, were measured in the period from 2013 to 2019. The Spearman correlation and heatmap cluster analysis were utilized to determine the origin of pollution and the factors that control surface water quality. Several indices, such as the heavy metal pollution index (HPI), metal index (MI), hazard quotient oral and dermal (HQ), hazard index oral and dermal (HI), and carcinogenic risk (CR), were conducted to evaluate the potential risks for the environment and human health. The values of the HPI were between the range of 15 < HPI < 30, which indicated moderate pollution; however, the MI results showed high pollution in Dunaföldvár and Hercegszántó cities. The ecological risk (RI < 30) and HI values (< 1) showed low environmental risks and non-carcinogenic impacts of the existing metals, either on adults or children. The mean CR value of oral arsenic was 2.2E−04 and 2.5E−04 during April–September and October–March, respectively, indicating that children were the most vulnerable to arsenic-carcinogenic oral effects. While lead’s CR oral values for children during April–September exceeded the threshold of 1.0E−04, chromium’s oral and dermal CR values for both adults and children were 2.08E−04, 6.11E−04, 1.97E−04, and 5.82E−04 during April–September and October–March, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential carcinogenic risks related to chromium exposure within the two pathways in Hungary and highlight the need for effective measures to mitigate these risks.
The global distribution of gains from globalization
Authors: Lang Valentin , Tavares Marina M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlobal interpersonal inequality is increasingly driven by inequalities within countries while the role of inequality between countries diminishes. Is this due to globalization? To answer this question, we use comprehensive global panel data at the country-decile-group level for the past half century and exploit the geographic diffusion of liberalization policies to identify the effect of globalization. Across countries, we find that income gains are substantial for countries at early stages of the globalization process, but the ‘marginal returns to globalization’ diminish as globalization rises, eventually becoming insignificant for the most globalized countries. Within countries, gains from globalization are largest for the richest ten percent of national income distributions, resulting in substantial increases in national income inequalities. A simple quantitative model is consistent with these empirical results. Over the past half century, globalization has promoted a dual trend of income convergence across countries and income divergence within countries.
Reported baseline variables in transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma over a 30 year period: a systematic review
Authors: Layard Horsfall Hugo , Loh Ryan T. S. , Venkatesh Ashwin , Khan Danyal Z. , Lawrence Alistair , Jayapalan Ronie , Koulouri Olympia , Borsetto Daniele , Santarius Thomas , Gurnell Mark , Dorward Neil , Mannion Richard , Marcus Hani J. , Kolias Angelos G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Heterogeneous reporting in baseline variables in patients undergoing transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma precludes meaningful meta-analysis. We therefore examined trends in reported baseline variables, and degree of heterogeneity of reported variables in 30 years of literature.

Methods
A systematic review of PubMed and Embase was conducted on studies that reported outcomes for transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma 1990–2021. The protocol was registered a priori and adhered to the PRISMA statement. Full-text studies in English with > 10 patients (prospective), > 500 patients (retrospective), or randomised trials were included.

Results
178 studies were included, comprising 427,659 patients: 52 retrospective (29%); 118 prospective (66%); 9 randomised controlled trials (5%). The majority of studies were published in the last 10 years (71%) and originated from North America (38%). Most studies described patient demographics, such as age (165 studies, 93%) and sex (164 studies, 92%). Ethnicity (24%) and co-morbidities (25%) were less frequently reported. Clinical baseline variables included endocrine (60%), ophthalmic (34%), nasal (7%), and cognitive (5%). Preoperative radiological variables were described in 132 studies (74%). MRI alone was the most utilised imaging modality (67%). Further specific radiological baseline variables included: tumour diameter (52 studies, 39%); tumour volume (28 studies, 21%); cavernous sinus invasion (53 studies, 40%); Wilson Hardy grade (25 studies, 19%); Knosp grade (36 studies, 27%).

Conclusions
There is heterogeneity in the reporting of baseline variables in patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma. This review supports the need to develop a common data element to facilitate meaningful comparative research, trial design, and reduce research inefficiency.
Influence of two agroforestry systems on the nitrification potential in temperate pastures in Brittany, France
Authors: Mettauer Romane , Beule Lukas , Bednar Zita , Malige Margaux , Godinot Olivier , Le Cadre Edith 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Agroforestry, whereby trees are associated with crops and/or livestock, is expected to mitigate nitrogen (N) losses from agriculture. However, little is known about how nitrification potential, an important process that drives N losses, is affected by agroforestry systems. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different silvopastoral agroforestry systems on soil nitrification potential.

Methods
Nitrification potential was evaluated in two agroforestry systems (hedgerow and alley cropping) associated with temporary grasslands in Brittany, France. In each system, soil was sampled along a transect spanning from the center of the tree row into the grass alley. Soil nitrification potential was determined ex situ and was explained by univariate and multivariate analysis of variables describing vegetation, physicochemical soil properties, and soil organisms.

Results
Nitrification potential differed between the two agroforestry systems and among the positions in relation to the trees. In the alley cropping system, nitrification potential was on average 1.5 times higher in the tree row than at 1.5 and 10 m into the grass alley, while in the hedgerow system, nitrification potential at 1.5 m into the grass alley was on average 40% lower than at 10 m into the grass alley. Nitrification potential was strongly correlated with soil pH, whereas no correlation was observed between nitrification potential and community size of soil nitrifiers.

Conclusion
Our results point out the diverse effects of agroforestry systems on nitrification, a key soil process that is involved in the regulation of N losses.