bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Description of IVIG Use in Term Neonates with ABO Incompatibility
Authors: Daunov Michael , Schlosser Andrea , Malay Sindhoosha , Adams Jaclyn , Clark Rachael , Ferrerosa Lauren , Pateva Irina 
Published: January 2024

Objective This study aimed to determine if treatment with IVIG of neonates with ABO incompatibility (without Rh incompatibility) results in decreased number of packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions and phototherapy use.
Study Design An Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved, single-institution retrospective study was conducted. Neonates ≥38 weeks' gestational age born between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2016, with ABO incompatibility were included. The comparison among groups was performed using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables; continuous variables were assessed by Kruskal–Wallis test.
Results Six hundred and sixty-eight neonates with ABO incompatibility met inclusion criteria, 579 were included in the analyses. From these, 431 (74%) neonates had positive Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT); 98 (17%) received IVIG and 352 (61%) received phototherapy. Thirty-six (6%) neonates received pRBC and 6 (1%) required exchange transfusions. Only 3 (0.5%) infants received pRBC transfusions postdischarge, by 3 months of age. Neonates requiring IVIG had lower initial hemoglobin (13.6 vs. 16.0 g/dL, p ≤ 0.0001) and higher bilirubin at start of phototherapy (9.1 vs. 8.1 mg/dL, p = 0.0064). From the 42 (7%) neonates who received simple and exchange transfusions, IVIG use was not associated with decreased use or number of transfusions (p = 0.5148 and 0.3333, respectively). Newborns with A+ and B+ blood types had comparable initial hemoglobin, DAT positivity, APGAR, and bilirubin. However, infants with B+ blood group were more likely (than A + ) to require phototherapy (p < 0.001), receive IVIG (p = 0.003), and need phototherapy for a longer duration (p = 0.001).
Conclusion The results of this large retrospective study reveal that giving IVIG to neonates with ABO incompatibility was associated with increased simple or exchange transfusions. Newborns with B+ blood type required more phototherapy and IVIG. Further studies are needed to better stratify neonates who would benefit from IVIG use in order to optimize treatment strategies and avoid unnecessary risks and adverse events.
Key Points
Improving Immunization Health Care Data Quality using Two-Dimensional Barcoding and Barcode Scanning Practices
Authors: Reza Faisal , Jones Caroline , Reed Jenica H. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Manual data entry is time-consuming, inefficient, and error prone. In contrast, leveraging two-dimensional (2D) barcodes and barcode scanning tools is a rapid and effective practice for automatically entering vaccine data accurately and completely. CDC pilots documented clinical and public health impacts of 2D barcode scanning practices on data quality and completeness, time savings, workflow efficiencies, and staff experience.
Objectives Data entry practices and entered records from routine and mass vaccination settings were analyzed. Data quality improvement opportunities were identified.
Methods A sample of 50 million emergency use authorization (EUA) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine records were analyzed for accuracy and completeness across three data fields: lot number, expiration date, and National Drug Code (NDC). The EUA COVID-19 vaccines lacked a 2D barcode containing these data fields, which necessitated manual data entry at administration. A CDC pilot at clinic compared scanned and manually entered data for routine vaccines across these same data fields.
Results Analysis of 50 million manually entered EUA COVID-19 vaccine administration records indicated significant gaps in data accuracy and completeness across three data fields. Over half of the analyzed EUA vaccine NDCs (53%) and one-third of the expiration dates (35%) had missing or inaccurate data recorded. Pilot data also showed many errors when manually entered. However, when the pilot's routine vaccines were scanned (out of 71,969 records), nearly all entries were complete and accurate across all three data fields (ranging from 99.7% to 99.999% accurate).
Conclusion Vaccine 2D barcode scanning practices increased data accuracy and completeness (up to 99.999% accurate) across data fields assessed. When used consistently, vaccine 2D barcode scanning can resolve issues demonstrated in manually entered data. To realize these benefits, the immunization community should widely use scanning practices. To increase use, CDC developed a Vaccine 2D Barcode National Adoption Strategy and implementation resources.
A Homozygous PTRHD1 Missense Variant (p.Arg122Gln) in an Individual with Intellectual Disability, Generalized Epilepsy, and Juvenile Parkinsonism
Authors: Gebert Johannes , Brunet Theresa , Wagner Matias , Rath Jakob , Aull-Watschinger Susanne , Pataraia Ekaterina , Krenn Martin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBiallelic variants in PTRHD1 have been associated with autosomal recessive intellectual disability, spasticity, and juvenile parkinsonism, with few reported cases. Here, we present the clinical and genetic findings of a female of Austrian origin exhibiting infantile neurodevelopmental abnormalities, intellectual disability, and childhood-onset parkinsonian features, consistent with the established phenotypic spectrum. Notably, she developed genetic generalized epilepsy at age 4, persisting into adulthood. Using diagnostic exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous missense variant (c.365G > A, p.(Arg122Gln)) in PTRHD1 (NM_001013663). In summary, our findings not only support the existing link between biallelic PTRHD1 variants and parkinsonism with neurodevelopmental abnormalities but also suggest a potential extension of the phenotypic spectrum to include generalized epilepsy.
Sessile serrated polyp detection rates after fecal immunochemical test or multitarget stool DNA test: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Garg Rajat , Burke Carol A. , Aggarwal Manik , Macaron Carole , Singh Amandeep , Kim Michelle K. , Regueiro Miguel , Amit Bhatt , Chahal Prabhleen , Garg Shashank 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Published studies report a higher adenoma detection rate (ADR) for FIT-DNA as compared with FIT. Data are less replete about the performance of stool-based tests for sessile serrated polyp (SSP) detection. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the performance of FIT and FIT-DNA testing for SSP detection rate (SSPDR) in patients undergoing colonoscopy for follow up of positive noninvasive tests.

Methods A comprehensive literature search of multiple databases (until September 2022) was performed to identify studies reporting SSPDR in patients with positive FIT or FIT-DNA tests. The outcome was overall colonoscopy detection of any SSPs and advanced serrated polyps (ASP: SSP ≥ 10 mm and/or dysplasia).

Results Included were 482,405 patients (52.4% females) with a mean age of 62.3 ± 4.4 years from 23 studies. The pooled SSPDR for all positive stool-based tests was 5.3% and higher for FIT-DNA (15.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.3–25.7) versus FIT (4.1%, 95% CI 3.0–5.6; P = 0.0002). The overall pooled ASP detection rate was 1.4% (95% CI 0.81–2.3) and higher for FIT-DNA (3.8 %, 95% CI 1.7–8.6) compared with FIT (0.71%, 95% CI 0.36–1.4; P<0.01). SSPDR with FIT-DNA was also significantly higher than FIT when the FIT cutoff was >10 ug/g and in FIT-positive patients in studies conducted in North America (P<0.05).

Conclusions FIT-DNA outperformed FIT in both SSP and ASP detection including FIT with a lower threshold cutoff of >10 ug/g. Further comparative studies are needed to assess the impact of our findings on colorectal cancer reduction.
Restrictive diets are unnecessary for colonoscopy: Non-inferiority randomized trial
Authors: Machlab Salvador , Martínez-Bauer Eva , López Pilar , Ruiz-Ramirez Pablo , Gómez Bárbara , Gimeno-Garcia Antonio Z. , Pujals María del Mar , Tanco Sara , Sargatal Lluïsa , Pérez Betty , Justicia Reyes , Enguita Mónica , Piqué Nùria , Valero Oliver , Calvet Xavier , Campo Rafel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims In colonoscopy, preparation is often regarded as the most burdensome part of the intervention. Traditionally, specific diets have been recommended, but the evidence to support this policy is insufficient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the decision not to follow a restrictive diet on bowel preparation and colonoscopy outcomes.
Patients and methods This was a multicenter, controlled, non-inferiority randomized trial with FIT-positive screening colonoscopy. The subjects were assigned to follow the current standard (1-day low residue diet [LRD]) or a liberal diet. The allocation was balanced for the risk of inadequate cleansing using the Dik et al. score. All participants received the same instructions for morning colonoscopy preparation. The primary outcome was the rate of adequate preparations as defined by the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Secondary outcomes included tolerability and measures of colonoscopy performance and quality.
Results A total of 582 subjects were randomized. Of these, 278 who received the liberal diet and 275 who received the 1-day LRD were included in the intent-to-treat analysis. Non-inferiority was demonstrated with adequate preparation rates of 97.8% in the 1-day LRD and 96.4% in the liberal diet group. Tolerability was higher with the liberal diet (94.7% vs. 83.2%). No differences were found with respect to cecal intubation time, aspirated volume, or length of the examination. Global and right colon average adenoma detection rates per colonoscopy were similar.
Conclusions The liberal diet was non-inferior to the 1-day LRD, and increased tolerability. Colonoscopy performance and quality were not affected. (NCT05032794)
Adventures in the Chemistry of Nitro Compounds
Authors: Langer Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present article provides an overview of our work related to cyclization reactions of nitro-substituted electrophilic building blocks with various nucleophiles. As electrophiles, we used nitro-substituted benzoylacetones, 3-ethoxy-2-nitro-2-en-1-ones, 2-nitrobenzoyl chlorides, 4-chloro-3-nitrocoumarin, 2-nitromalonic aldehyde, 3-nitrochromone and 1-(2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-ones. As nucleophiles, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes, (heterocyclic) enamines, hydroxylamine, hydrazines, amines and amino esters were employed. The products include a variety of nitro-substituted carbo- and heterocycles that are not readily available by other methods. The electron-withdrawing nitro group can be easily transformed into an electron-donating amino group which is not only pharmacologically relevant, but can also act as a nucleophile in inter- and intramolecular reactions with electrophiles, such as aldehydes, and can be converted into other functional groups. The nitro group has the capacity to activate compounds for regioselective palladium-catalyzed CH-arylation reactions. Inter- and intramolecular CH arylations of nitro-substituted heterocyclic building blocks, such as 4-nitropyrazoles, 4-nitroimidazoles, 2-nitroindole and nitro-substituted purine analogues, allow for a convenient diversity-oriented approach to the corresponding arylated products. In addition, the nitro group can act as a leaving group in SNAr reactions. Various fused benzofuro[3,2-b]pyridines were prepared by intramolecular SNAr reactions of 2-(hydroxyphenyl)-3-nitropyridines.1	Introduction2	Cyclizations of 1,3-Bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes3	Cyclizations of Heterocyclic Enamines4	Reactions of Simple Nitro-Substituted Heterocycles5	Hydroamination Reactions of Alkynes6	Miscellaneous7	Conclusions
Individualized Homeopathic and Organopathic Supportive Management of Sickle Cell Disorder: A Case Series of Six Patients from a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group in India
Authors: Nambison Nisanth K.M. , Sharma Narendra , Dwivedi Abhishek D. , Chakravarty Nisha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Sickle cell disorder (SCD) is a hereditary blood disease characterized by an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin present in red blood cells. Genetic abnormality causes these cells to become sickle-shaped, with shorter lifespan. Vaso-occlusive crisis is a major symptom of SCD: it is a sudden and severe episode of pain, and occurs when sickle-shaped cells block blood flow. This blockage can lead to tissue damage, inflammation and pain.
Objectives This case series aims to observe the clinical outcomes from prescribing individualized homeopathic medicines along with organopathic supportive medicine in the management of SCD through the analysis of case studies of six patients from a particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG) in India that manifests genetic predisposition for the disease.
Method The patients were administered individualized homeopathic and organopathic supportive medicines, after a comprehensive door-to-door survey and subsequent screening, conducted between October 2020 and May 2023 in the Dindori and Mandla districts of the central Indian state, Madhya Pradesh. Clinical symptoms, laboratory parameters including hemoglobin, along with scores from a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and from the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQoL) Questionnaire, were determined.
Results Individualized homeopathic and organopathic supportive management led to improvements in clinical symptoms for all six patients. Laboratory test results showed a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin level associated with treatment. The VAS for pain indicated decreased pain frequency and severity. WHOQoL scores also improved, indicating enhanced well-being for each patient. No adverse effects were reported during treatment.
Conclusion This study suggests that individualized homeopathic medicine and organopathic supportive management have a beneficial role in managing SCD and may be valuable in the context of PVTGs in India. To establish a more comprehensive understanding of its efficacy, further studies should involve larger cohorts to allow for a thorough evaluation, including comparative analyses with standard therapies.
Neo-Forearm Functional Reconstruction after Temporary Ectopic Hand Implantation for Salvage of Hand after Extensive Crush Injury to Forearm
Authors: Tiwari Raja , Dash Suvashis , Chauhan Shashank , Saha Shivangi , Ahir Misha , Singhal Maneesh 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Extensive crush injuries to forearm pose a unique problem where replantation of uninjured hands to the forearm is not immediately possible due to difficulties in delineating tissue necrosis. Ectopic hand implantation preserves the hand and allows replanting the hand back to the forearm stump, but the tissues preserved in the stump could be inadequate to provide good hand function. In these subsets of cases, forearm reconstruction with composite flaps may offer a better chance of getting good hand function.
Methods We present a case of a 29-year-old male, a left-handed factory worker, with severe crushing of the left forearm by a hydraulic pressing machine with a relatively undamaged hand. A three-staged reconstruction was done with the recovery of the left hand after below elbow amputation and replanted to the left lower third of leg. Then a neo-forearm was reconstructed using a functioning free fibula, vastus lateralis muscle, and anterolateral thigh skin flap. Finally, the ectopically banked hand was returned to the reconstructed neo forearm.
Results After 2 years follow-up, protective sensation and grip strength of 2 pounds had developed in the hand. The disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand score was 21, and he was able to perform multiple tasks using the left hand independently and as an assistive hand.
Conclusion The consensus on indications of ectopic banking is still open for debate. The addition of our ectopic replantation technique followed by neo-forearm reconstruction and replantation of the hand into the reconstructed neo-forearm, which is a novel concept, will broaden the horizon of reconstructive paradigm.
‘Making it possible’: the complex dynamics of university foreign language teacher agency for research in funding applications
Authors: Ruan Xiaolei , Zhu Yubin , Toom Auli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTeacher agency for research, which refers to teachers’ decision-making and initiative acts in the context of academic engagement, plays a pivotal role for teacher learning, teacher research, and thus teachers’ professional development. Despite the burgeoning number of studies that have examined teachers’ research and publishing experiences, it is unclear how university teachers exercise their agency for research in funding applications. This study examines how foreign language teachers at a university in China practice agency in the application of the National Social Science Fund of China from a Complex Dynamic Systems Theory perspective. Narrative frames and semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data, and thematic analysis was adopted to elucidate the complexity and dynamics of teacher agency for research. Revealing that there are subsystems of teacher agency for research in funding applications, i.e., agency beliefs, agency practice, and agency emotions and that the developmental trajectories of their agency for research are situated and relational, the findings highlight the need to view teacher agency as complex systems and dynamic entities. This study not only offers a conceptual framework as to unravel teacher agency for research in funding applications but also provides a tentative pathway for teachers exercising agency in applying for external funding both in the context of China and beyond.
Low-noise microwave generation with an air-gap optical reference cavity
Authors: Liu Yifan , Lee Dahyeon , Nakamura Takuma , Jin Naijun , Cheng Haotian , Kelleher Megan L. , McLemore Charles A. , Kudelin Igor , Groman William , Diddams Scott A. , Rakich Peter T. , Quinlan Franklyn 
Published: January 2024

We demonstrate a high finesse, microfabricated mirror-based, air-gap cavity with volume less than 1 ml, constructed in an array, that can support low-noise microwave generation through optical frequency division. We use the air-gap cavity in conjunction with a 10 nm bandwidth mode-locked laser to generate low phase noise 10 GHz microwaves, exhibiting a phase noise of −95 and −142 dBc/Hz at 100 Hz and 10 kHz offset frequencies, respectively. This is accomplished using the 2-point lock optical frequency division method, where we exploit 40 dB common-mode rejection of two lasers separated by 1.29 THz and locked to the same air-gap cavity. If used with an octave spanning comb, the air-gap cavity is capable of supporting 10 GHz phase noise below −160 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset, a level significantly lower than electronic synthesizers. These results show how extremely small optical reference cavities, operated without the benefit of vacuum enclosures or thermal insulation, can, nonetheless, support state-of-the-art microwave phase noise in compact and portable systems.
Electrospinning dual energy-saving design of PVDF-HFP nanofiber films for passive radiant cooling and air filtration
Authors: Gao Hong , Li Zhao-Jian , Xu Xiao-Feng , Wang Nan , Yang Ming-Yang , Long Yun-Ze , Zhang Hong-Di 
Published: January 2024

High temperatures and particulate matter (PM) pollution can make environments uninhabitable. Using air conditioners to cool rooms and air filters to remove PM is effective, but it consumes lots of energy. To save energy, a novel curtain made of polyvinylidene fluoride–hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) nanofiber membrane has successfully been produced by simple electrospinning technology, which could block PM from outside through natural ventilation and also cool the room by reflecting and scattering sunlight and radiating energy to the outside. The results showed that the curtain was able to effectively reflect sunlight and reduce the subambient temperature by about 10 °C, achieving effective passive radiative cooling. Moreover, the electrospun PVDF-HFP with good piezoelectric properties could be used as a nano-generator to collect the mechanical energy of the wind, and the PVDF-HFP nanofiber films were used as efficient air filtration curtains with 98% filtration efficiency and 64 Pa pressure drop. This simple method to fabricate double energy-saving curtains is more conducive to dissemination.
Affective distress and heteronormative futurity in American puberty video discourse
Authors: Nonnenmacher Sean 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Since their inception in the years following World War II, American puberty videos have discursively manufactured
affective distress in several generations of on-screen children. The patterns of talk found in eight films from 1947 to 2016
demonstrate that affect may de-link itself from specific talk and diffuse into a broader discourse through the recirculation of
parallel structures in new semiotic spaces. I use queer critical discourse analysis (Jones
& Collins 2020) and language socialization theory (Ochs & Schieffelin
2011) to argue that puberty videos first manufacture distress in the on-screen child before swiftly introducing a
trusted adult to mitigate and recast distress as a normal part of growing up. Further, puberty videos reify cis- /
heteronormativity and reproductive futurity in adulthood as the necessary outcomes of development. This paper explores the
connection between affect and temporality in talk by critically attending to the historical stability of American puberty video
discourse.
Nutritional manipulations for preventing contact dermatitis in poultry – A review
Authors: Yilmaz Emre 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Contact dermatitis (CD) represents a prevalent condition within the poultry industry, primarily afflicting the breast areas and extremities such as feet and hocks of poultry. It is caused by contact with hard surfaces or litter. CD detrimentally influences the welfare, growth parameters, and the meat quality of poultry. The disease progresses from skin discoloration to redness and swelling, eventually leading to ulcerative and necrotic lesions. Footpad dermatitis is the most frequently encountered variant, although other forms include breast blisters, breast buttons, breast burns, and hock burns. The majority of studies have focused on curing footpad dermatitis. Therefore, studies related to other forms of CD are limited. Because the birds’ feet have the most contact with the litter. CD causes reduced feed intake and body weight gain as well as a variety of disorders including lameness and weakness. Although numerous factors contribute to CD, nutrition is one of the most important. This article summarizes and discusses recent research on the effects of feed additives on CD incidence in broiler chickens and turkeys. Feed additives, one of the nutrition-related factors, have a variety of benefits in reducing the incidence of CD, but studies on the topic are sparse. Probiotics, prebiotics, phytobiotics, enzymes, and tannins, which were used as feed additives in these studies, appear to be beneficial for reducing the incidence of CD.