bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of mindful hypnotherapy on difficulties in emotion regulation, mindfulness, and mental health in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Khazraee Hassan , Bakhtiari Maryam , Kianimoghadam Amir Sam , Ghorbanikhah Elaheh 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
More than 300 million people are affected by major depressive disorder, and despite advances in treatments over the past 50 years, this number is increasing worldwide. Due to the high prevalence and increasing numbers, along with problems in various aspects of the patient's life, new effective treatments are essential in this field.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was a single-blinded randomized clinical trial. Thirty-four patients with major depressive disorder who were referred by clinical psychologists in the clinical psychology clinic of the Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to the intervention and wait-list control groups. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, and the Mental Health Continuum Short Form were administered during the baseline and post treatment. Analyses of covariance and the repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedure were performed to determine the difference between study groups.

RESULTS:
The results of the analysis of covariance and repeated measures ANOVA showed a clinically significant decrease in difficulties in emotion regulation and a significant increase in mindfulness and mental health in the intervention group (P < 0.001). The mean score (standard deviation) of the difficulties in emotion regulation scores was 123.75 (21.10) in the experimental group at baseline and significantly decreased to 76.19 (26.45) and 68.00 (22.83) after the intervention and two-month follow-up, respectively (P < 0.001). Additionally, the mean scores (standard deviation) for mindfulness and mental health were 93.06 (8.23) and 19.63 (7.92), respectively, at baseline and significantly increased to 149.43 (16.99) and 51.62 (9.78), respectively, after the intervention and to 144.18 (20.55) and 48.50 (13.52) after a two-month follow-up (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
The results show that mindful hypnotherapy is an effective treatment for improving difficulties in emotion regulation, mindfulness, and mental health in patients with major depressive disorder.
The effect of relaxation education intervention on stress, anxiety, and depression in female teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pirzadeh Asiyeh , Abotalebi Zahra 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
The high levels of job stress, anxiety, and depression among teachers, which affect their job and quality of life, necessitate using methods to cope with these issues. The present study aimed to determine the effect of relaxation education intervention on stress, anxiety, and depression in female teachers in 2020.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This research is semi-experimental. Herein, 100 female teachers were studied. Data collection was performed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-42 items (DASS-42) questionnaire that was completed three times by the teachers: before the intervention, 10 days after the intervention, and 1 month following it. Relaxation education intervention was conducted online and offline based on the bioenergy economy model and by doing psychosomatic exercises. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed by the independent t-test, paired t-test, and R. M. analysis of variance (ANOVA).

RESULTS:
Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of stress (P = 0.385), anxiety (P = 0.168), and depression (P = 0.554) scores. The mean scores of stress, anxiety, and depression decreased significantly in the intervention group 10 days after the intervention; however, there was no significant change in the control group. The reduction in depression, stress, and anxiety remained constant in the intervention group during the 1-month follow-up. The results indicated that among the relaxation exercises, diaphragmatic breathing and meditation techniques were performed by the teachers for a longer period than other techniques.

CONCLUSION:
Results obtained suggested teaching short-term relaxation techniques as highly recommended to all school teachers. These techniques include diaphragmatic breathing and meditation. They can reduce their stress, anxiety, and depression, improve their mental health, and empower them to control their tensions and negative emotions.
Development and pilot testing of an online training program for better use of internet to learn about depression and anxiety (BUILDA)
Authors: Gu Yulong , Kalibatseva Zornitsa , Song Xu , Prakash Sreelekha 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Depression and anxiety are common issues among college students in the United States. Although college students routinely use the Internet for information regarding their mental health, they might lack the digital health literacy required to search, evaluate, and use Internet resources.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A web-based short training program with four modules aimed to improve mental health literacy and digital health literacy for Better Use of Internet to Learn about Depression and Anxiety (BUILDA). BUILDA was tested in a pilot study with 10 undergraduate students who completed the program and provided feedback via online surveys and exit interviews. Participants completed a pretest and a post-test, which included health literacy instruments and realistic case scenarios to assess student knowledge and ability to search and use Internet information on mental health topics. Descriptive analyses and paired t-tests were used.

RESULTS:
Increased knowledge about mental health topics was observed in pilot participants, with improvement in mean values of depression literacy (P = .01) and anxiety literacy (P = .019) from pretest to post-test. Better Internet search performance was also observed as the number of participants who scored >90% in case scenarios increased from two pretest to five post-test. Students used more valid and reliable Internet resources after training, citing more government health agency websites (20% in the pretest and 25% in the post-test) and scholarly resources (6% in the pretest and 30% in the post-test). The pilot participants reported the BUILDA program was useful and provided minor suggestions regarding program improvement.

CONCLUSIONS:
It was feasible to deliver a short training program via a simple website to help students develop mental health literacy and digital health skills.
Assessment of knowledge, readiness, and barriers hindering the performance of first aid measures in emergency situations among non-healthcare professionals of selected organizations of Udupi Taluk
Authors: Abraham Julliet , Alva Janet , Vinish V 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
A medical emergency is an unexpected event that poses a threat to one's health and safety. An individual who has received adequate first aid training is prepared to administer first aid promptly and effectively to a person in need until the arrival of medical assistance to prevent future problems that could result in disability or death. This study aims to assess the knowledge, readiness, and barriers to perform first aid measures.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A descriptive survey was used to collect data from 384 non-healthcare professionals of selected organizations of Udupi Taluk with the help of a structured questionnaire from January 21, 2022 to April 13, 2022. The self-structured tool was validated with experts from the subject areas and reliability was obtained by using the Split half method (0.78) for the knowledge questionnaire, readiness scale by using Cronbach's alpha and the reliability coefficient was 0.80, and barrier checklist was accomplished by a test-retest method and reliability coefficient of 0.76. Data was organized, and frequency, percentage, and Chi-square analysis were performed using SPSS 16.0 version (IBM Corporation Business analytics software portfolio).

RESULTS:
The results revealed that out of 384 samples, 261 (68%) non-healthcare professionals had average first aid knowledge, and 359 (93.4%) of the samples were found to be willing to administer first aid in an emergency. The six hurdles identified to performing first aid were language 365 (95.1%), lack of information 344 (89.6%), lack of training 341 (88.8%), legal concerns 274 (71.4%), fear 230 (59.9%), and lack of confidence 68 (17.7%).

CONCLUSION:
The first aid knowledge among non-healthcare workers is generally average. Thus, the readiness of the non-healthcare professionals can be enhanced by improving their knowledge and reducing the barriers perceived by the non-healthcare professionals to provide first aid during a medical emergency with the help of first aid training and reading materials.
Setting up and assessing a therapeutic education program for asthmatic patients
Authors: El Abed Hanane , Ragala Mohammed EA , El Hilaly Jaouad , Zarrouq Btissame , Ait-Taleb Lahsen Hanaâ , Benjelloun Mohamed C. , Halim Karima 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Asthma is a major public health issue. It remains uncontrolled, despite the availability of effective treatments. Appropriate education programs are required to improve the situation. The study aims to design and assess an educational program based on asthma patients' perceived needs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in the pulmonology department of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez. A convenience sample of asthma patients, whether hospitalized or not, was recruited. Two hundred and twenty adult asthma patients completed an educational needs survey (ENS). An asthma knowledge questionnaire for adult patients was used to assess the program on the criterion of improving asthma knowledge. Data collected by ENS was analyzed by standard descriptive statistics. The Student's T test for paired samples was used to compare the means of the Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire scores before and after therapeutic education.

RESULTS:
Most patients were married and residing in urban areas. The illiteracy rate was 50%. One patient was a regular smoker. 125 patients (56.82%) reported non-compliance to treatment. The pathophysiology of asthma (chronic airway inflammation, bronchial hyperreactivity, and bronchial obstruction), causes and complications, treatment (inhalation technique), asthma attacks and environmental management, lifestyle, and psychological support were the patients' main perceived educational needs. Based on these findings, an instructional program was created and evaluated with 30 patients. After the program, asthma knowledge increased significantly.

CONCLUSION:
Our results suggest that an educational intervention can improve asthma knowledge.
A protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of competency-based simulation training modules on the educational outcomes among MBBS students - A mixed method study
Authors: Zayapragassarazan Zayabalaradjane , Sumathy Masanam Kasi , Wyawahare Mukta , Pai Dinker 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
The growing recognition of the importance of simulation-based training has been a present focus of medical education curriculum planners. This study aims to design, develop, implement, and evaluate the educational outcomes of training modules for a list of essential skills that MBBS students in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India need to learn as part of their competency-based MBBS curriculum.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This sequential transformative mixed method study will be implemented in three phases: i) identification of essential skills for simulation-based training following the modified Delphi method, ii) development of skill training modules using ADDIE model of instructional design, implementation of the modules and collection of data on the educational outcomes and iii) a qualitative study involving in-depth interview and focus group discussion on understanding the potential for incorporating the modules into the present MBBS curriculum. Data on educational outcomes relevant to the study objectives will be collected using appropriate tools and analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative analytic methods.

RESULTS:
Phase one will tabulate the list of five essential skills and phase two educational outcomes will contain descriptive statistics on knowledge and skill acquisition, perception of simulation-based teaching and learning, and higher-order thinking skills. Phase three qualitative analysis will highlight the enabling and barrier aspects for incorporating this approach of simulation-based skill training within the current MBBS curriculum.

CONCLUSIONS:
The study outcomes will provide curriculum planners and educators insights into designing and implementing simulation-based skill training for undergraduate medical students. It will also help policymakers develop policies in medical education technologies to provide quality medical education and fulfill the objective of quality healthcare for all.
Fear of the unknown, anxiety, and social isolation in Iranian patients with Covid-19, the grounded theory
Authors: Zardosht Roghayeh , Ghardashi Fatemeh , Borzoee Fateme , Akbarzadeh Roya , Vafi Fatemeh , Yazdimoghaddam Hamideh , Samadipour Ezat 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has incurred a health challenge. Patients suffer from many physical and mental disorders. To accurately identify the experience of patients with Covid-19 in the Iranian society.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This qualitative research was conducted using the grounded theory. The data of this grounded theory study were collected using 32 semi-structured interviews with participants and field notes including the patients with Covid-19, nurses, physicians, and the patients' families. Data analysis was performed using Corbin and Strauss (2008) approach for concepts, context, process, and categories' integration.

RESULTS:
Qualitative analysis of data led to the extraction of 54 sub-categories and 7 final categories. “Isolation, fear of death, and fear of infection of relatives and family members” were identified as the main issue. The context to this concern was the “unfamiliarity with the virus due to its ambiguous nature that was obtained with a wide range of symptoms.” Facing this issue, the patients used the strategy of “adherence to health protocol in the coronavirus infection process” that was recognized as the central variable.

CONCLUSION:
The ambiguous and complex nature of the emerging virus, the appearance of different symptoms in different people, and the fear of infecting others, death and anxiety due to unknown complications of the disease make patients go through the most difficult experience of their lives. That requires ongoing training on up-to-date prevention and treatment protocols, along with the emergence of mutated viruses and new symptoms.
The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on illness perception in orthopedic patients
Authors: Pilevar Sahar , Teymouri Saeed , Bayazi Mohammad Hossein , Rajaei Ali Reza 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Orthopedic pain is diagnosed and treated as a global health problem. Therapeutic interventions can change the behavior of patients and improve their quality of life. This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on illness perception among orthopedic patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This quasi-experimental study was conducted as a two-group design (one experimental group and one control group) with pretest and posttest. Participants were selected from patients referred to the Mooud Physiotherapy Center in Mashhad, Iran. Patients were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (12 in each group). The experimental group received weekly sessions for three months (eight sessions), whereas the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were collected through Weinman's Illness Perception Questionnaire (with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.72). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

RESULTS:
The results of the study showed that in terms of time, the outcome, and the meaning of disease, the patients in the ACT group had a lower mean in the posttest. Patients of the ACT group in personal and therapeutic controls showed a higher mean in the posttest than those of the control group. Therefore, ACT had a significant effect on improving the understanding of disease in orthopedic patients (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
Based on the results, ACT has a significant effect on the disease perception of orthopedic patients. Therefore, it is suggested that therapists use this therapy approach to illness perception in orthopedic patients.
The efficacy of little lovely dentist and tell show do in alleviating dental anxiety in Iraqi Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Aziz Sura Z , Jafar Zainab J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim:
Behavior management approaches in treating children are generally viewed as techniques to enhance communication with patients to promote positive attitudes. Patients, particularly children, consider visiting a dental clinic to be a difficult and painful experience, so a dentist who treats children should have a variety of behavior management techniques. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of Tell Show Do (TSD) and a mobile app in reducing dental anxiety among children patients.

Materials and Methods:
A clinical trial study with 66 children aged 6–8 years was divided into three groups by the randomization method, which was performed in two steps: the first step used a random group generator template for excel to distribute the 66 children into three groups (each group 22), and the second step by excel function (RAND) to make the sequence for children. The sample was divided into three groups; each group has 22 children: Group I (TSD), Group II mobile app (Little Lovely Dentist), and Group III control. ClI fillings of the primary molars were provided to all participants. Anxiety levels were measured using physiological methods (heart rate and oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter) and psychological methods (Venham picture test) before treatment, during the education stage, and after treatment. The statistical tests were the paired t test for intragroup comparison and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for intercomparison.

Results:
One-way ANOVA showed a significantly lower pulse rate in the mobile app group after treatment, significantly higher SPO2 saturation in the mobile app group than in the TSD and control groups, and significantly lower Venham scores in the mobile app group than in the control group.

Conclusion:
The use of the Little Lovely Dentist mobile app decreased dental anxiety levels in children’s first dental visit more than both the TSD technique and control groups when compared.
The remineralization effect of calcium glycerophosphate in fluoride mouth rinse on demineralized primary enamel: An in vitro study
Authors: Torsakul Pannaros , Rirattanapong Praphasri , Prapansilp Woranun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim:
To evaluate the remineralization effect of a fluoride mouth rinse containing calcium glycerophosphate in fluoride mouth rinse based on the surface microhardness of demineralized primary enamel.

Materials and Methods:
40 sound primary incisors were placed into self-curing acrylic resin and subjected to a demineralizing solution for 5 days, resulting in the formation of artificial caries. The teeth were categorized into four groups (n = 10): group I artificial saliva, group II sodium fluoride, group III sodium fluoride + sodium monofluorophosphate, and group IV sodium monofluorophosphate + calcium glycerophosphate. The specimens received a pH cycling procedure and were submerged twice in their assigned groups for 7 days. The baseline, after demineralization, and after remineralization surface microhardness values were determined. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the mean surface microhardness between groups and one-way repeated measures ANOVA for the mean surface microhardness within each group and Bonferroni’s for multiple comparisons at 95% confidence level. The percentage recovery surface microhardness was determined by calculating the average surface microhardness.

Results:
After demineralization, the mean surface microhardness in all groups significantly decreased. After remineralization, group I had the lowest surface microhardness values and the percentage recovery surface microhardness (P value < 0.001), and group IV had the highest surface microhardness values and the percentage recovery surface microhardness (P value < 0.001). No significant difference was found between groups II and III (P value = 0.365).

Conclusions:
Fluoride mouth rinse containing calcium glycerophosphate has a remineralization effect on demineralized primary enamel.
Estimation of vitamin D levels using a chairside diagnostic test kit in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Koppolu Pradeep , Alshahrani Abdullah M A , Ghawas Mohammad A Y , Almuqbil Mohammed S A , Swapna Lingam A , Almuhaydib Abdulmalik K H 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim:
Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the periodontium that is instigated by microbial biofilms developed on the teeth. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the vitamin D status of gingivitis and periodontitis patients while maintaining a healthy group as the control using simple low-cost chairside pre-coated with 25-OH Vitamin D antigen rapid test kits.

Materials and Methods:
From outpatients visiting the college’s periodontics clinics, a total of 101 patients were screened. The study sample includes 38 patients in the periodontitis group, 32 in the gingivitis group, and 31 in the healthy group. A middle-digit needle was used to collect blood samples, which were put into a test cassette with membrane that had been coated with 25-OH Vitamin D antigen on the test line area of the strip. Vitamin D Quick Test (Natejah) Semi-quantitatively detects 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) in human finger-stick complete blood at a cutoff convergence of 30 ± 4 ng/mL. Vitamin D blood levels below 80 nmol/L are considered to have deficient vitamin 25(OH)D levels. Clinical parameters between healthy, gingivitis, and different stages of periodontitis subjects were compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison. Fisher’s exact test was done to compare vitamin D levels in the three groups.

Results:
Fisher’s exact test revealed that there was a statistically significant increase in the number of subjects with stages 4 and stage 3 periodontitis who lacked vitamin D levels (less than 80 nmol/L). Whereas least deficient in Vit D were noticed among Healthy and Gingivitis subjects. When compared to healthy individuals, gingivitis, and various stages of periodontitis had significantly higher mean PI values in a Tukey’s multiple comparison. Vitamin D deficiency was found to be 27.5% in subjects with gingivitis and 71.5% in subjects with periodontitis.

Conclusion:
Periodontitis is associated with vitamin D deficiency, in contrast to gingivitis and healthy subjects. The severity of periodontitis was likewise linked to the amount of vitamin D in the individual’s blood. When compared to expensive, time-consuming, and laborious laboratory methods, the findings of this study suggest that a simple inexpensive chairside pre-coated with 25-OH Vitamin D antigen rapid test kits can be considered a viable alternative for determining vitamin D levels.