bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Adiponectin Gene Polymorphisms on Circulating Adiponectin and Insulin Resistance Indexes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Xita Nectaria , Georgiou Ioannis , Chatzikyriakidou Anthoula , Vounatsou Maria , Papassotiriou Gerasimos-Peter , Papassotiriou Ioannis , Tsatsoulis Agathocles 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Background: We examined the possible association of adiponectin gene polymorphisms with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their influence on serum adiponectin and insulin resistance indexes in Greek women with PCOS.
Methods: We genotyped samples from 100 women with PCOS characterized with respect to body mass index (BMI), glucose and insulin concentrations during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), lipid profile, and serum adiponectin concentrations and from 140 healthy controls for the 45T&gt;G and 276G&gt;T polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene.
Results: The distributions of genotypes and alleles of both polymorphisms were no different in women with PCOS and controls, indicating that the individual polymorphisms are not associated with increased risk for PCOS. However, the two polymorphisms were found to be associated with insulin resistance indexes among women with PCOS and to influence adiponectin production. In particular, carriers of the TG genotype at position +45 had greater hyperinsulinemia, as estimated by the area under the curve for insulin (AUCinsulin) during the OGTT, than those with the TT genotype (P &lt;0.05), and this was independent of age and BMI. In addition, women with PCOS with the GG or GT genotypes at position +276 had a higher BMI (P = 0.01) and greater AUCinsulin (P = 0.01) than carriers of the TT genotype. The latter genotype was found less frequently among overweight/obese women with PCOS than in normal-weight individuals (P = 0.002). In addition, the presence of the GG or GT genotype was associated with lower serum adiponectin than the TT genotype, independent of age, BMI, and insulin concentrations (P = 0.03). Serum adiponectin was negatively correlated with serum triglycerides and insulin resistance indexes and positively with HDL-cholesterol.
Conclusions: Adiponectin gene polymorphisms at positions +45 and +276 are not associated with PCOS. However, these genomic variants may influence production of adiponectin and the metabolic variables related to insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome in patients with PCOS.
Telling the Truth in Difficult Times: Malaysian Anthropologists and Orang Asli
Authors: Dentan Robert Knox , Charles Ismail 
Published: January 2005

Tradisi lisan masyarakat semai. Juli Edo. Monograf Fakulti Sains Kemasyarakatan dan Kemanusiaan, 16. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 1990. 136 pp.Indigenous Minorities of Peninsular Malaysia: Selected Issues and Ethnographies. Razha Rashid. ed. Kuala Lumpur: Intersocietal and Scientific Sdn. Bhd. (INAS), 1995. 183 pp.Pathway to Dependence: Commodity Relations and the Dissolution of Semai Society. Colin Nicholas. Monash Papers on Southeast Asia, 33. Clayton, Australia: Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University, 1994. 130 pp.Regional Development in Rural Malaysia and the "Tribal Question." Zawawi Ibrahim. Hull, Canada: University of Hull Centre for South‐East Asian Studies, 1995. 60 pp.Kami bukan anti‐pembangunan! (Bicara Orang Asli menuju wawasan 2020). Zawawi Ibrahim. ed. Bangi: Jabatan Antropologi dan Sociology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 1996. 145 pp.
Using Methods in the Field: A Practical Introduction and Casebook; Creative Problem Solving in the Field
Authors: Fry Christine L. 
Published: January 2005

Using Methods in the Field:. Practical Introduction and Casebook. Victor C. de Munck and Elisa J. Sobo. eds. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, 1998. 288 pp.Creative Problem Solving in the Field. William Foote Whyte. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press. 1997. 162 pp.
On the interaction of ongoing cognitive activity and the nature of an event‐based intention
Authors: Marsh Richard L. , Hicks Jason L. , Hancock Thomas W. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThree experiments were conducted to explore the interaction between the nature of an event‐based prospective intention and the ongoing activity in which it was embedded. Following the basic predictions of E. A. Maylor's (1996, 1998) task appropriate processing framework, we orthogonally crossed semantic and structural ongoing activities with intentions to respond to semantic and structural event‐based cues. In Experiments 1 and 2, we found a cross‐over interaction in which the match of the ongoing task and the nature of the intention resulted in better event‐based performance than a mismatch between the two. Experiment 3 attempted to define boundary conditions for these effects by demonstrating that the task appropriate processing effect will not occur when event‐based cues are particularly salient. The implications of the results and suggestions for further investigations are discussed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of latent variable methods to process control and multivariate statistical process control in industry
Authors: Kourti Theodora 
Published: January 2005

AbstractMultivariate monitoring and control schemes based on latent variable methods have been receiving increasing attention by industrial practitioners in the last 15 years. Several companies have enthusiastically adopted the methods and have reported many success stories. Applications have been reported where multivariate statistical process control, fault detection and diagnosis is achieved by utilizing the latent variable space, for continuous and batch processes, as well as, for process transitions as for example start ups and re‐starts. This paper gives an overview of the latest developments in multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) and its application for fault detection and isolation (FDI) in industrial processes. It provides a critical review of the methodology and describes how it is transferred to the industrial environment. Recent applications of latent variable methods to process control as well as to image analysis for monitoring and feedback control are discussed. Finally it is emphasized that the multivariate nature of the data should be preserved when data compression and data preprocessing is applied. It is shown that univariate data compression and reconstruction may hinder the validity of multivariate analysis by introducing spurious correlations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermomechanical reactive blending of silicone rubber and LLDPE: Effects of processing parameters
Authors: Jalali‐Arani A. , Katbab A. A. , Nazockdast H. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTo prepare thermoplastic elastomers based on linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and silicone rubber (SR) the reactive blending of the two polymers was carried out at different processing conditions. Effects of mixing parameters such as temperature, shear rate, mixing time, and sequence of feeding the ingredients, upon the yield and rate of interfacial reaction, have been evaluated by following the variation of mixing torque and also by determination of the reacted fraction of silicone rubber. The yield and rate of the reaction increased by increasing the temperature of mixing, shear mixing rate, and the time of mixing. Changing the sequence of feeding the ingredients also changed the yield of the reaction. First feeding of polyethylene increased the yield of reaction. According to the obtained results, interfacial reaction between two phases is limited by chemical kinetics of the reaction and by rate of mass transfer during melt mixing. The order of interfacial reaction between these two polymers under thermomechanical conditions was found to be about 1.1. Rheological studies on the blends performed by using rheomechanical spectroscopy showed a distinct rheological behavior with a non‐Newtonian characteristic and higher dynamic viscosity at low frequencies for the blends prepared at high temperature and shear rate. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 155–161, 2005
Curing behavior and residual stresses in polymeric resins used for encapsulanting electronic packages
Authors: Sham Man‐Lung , Kim Jang‐Kyo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPolymeric encapsulants are applied in electronic packages to improve the mechanical/thermal performance and the reliability of packaged devices. During the curing process of encapsulating resin, large residual stresses are generated due to the shrinkage of polymer and the mismatches in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between various package components. In addition, the rheological properties and curing kinetics of the resin also affect the nature and distribution of residual stresses. In this work, the rheological and curing behavior of encapsulating resins are characterized using an oscillatory rheometer. The resin viscosity is closely monitored against curing temperature excursion, which is correlated to exothermic reaction and weight loss as measured from the DSC and TGA analyses. The evolution of residual stresses in encapsulating resin is evaluated in a bimaterial strip bending experiment (BMSB) in situ within a DMA chamber. The CTE values are then calculated based on the thermomechanical analysis, which are well compared with those determined from other sources. A transition temperature, apart from the glass transition temperature, is identified from the study of the changes in resin flexural modulus and residual stress profiles. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 175–182, 2005
Synthesis and characterization of poly(vinyl chloride‐co‐vinyl acetate)‐graft‐poly[(meth)acrylates] by atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Chen Gaojian , Zhu Xiulin , Cheng Zhenping , Lu Jianmei 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate onto poly(vinyl chloride‐co‐vinyl acetate) with atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was successfully carried out with copper(I) thiocyanate/N,N,N′,N′,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and copper(I) chloride/2,2′‐bipyridine as catalysts in the solvent N,N‐dimethylformamide. For methyl methacrylate, a kinetic plot of ln([M]0/[M]) (where [M]0 is the initial monomer concentration and [M] is the monomer concentration) versus time for the graft polymerization was almost linear, and the molecular weight of the graft copolymer increased with increasing conversion, this being typical for ATRP. The formation of the graft polymer was confirmed with gel permeation chromatography, 1H‐NMR, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The glass‐transition temperature of the copolymer increased with the concentration of methyl methacrylate. The graft copolymer was hydrolyzed, and its swelling capacity was measured. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 183–189, 2005
Average mixing torque, tensile and impact properties, and thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride)/sawdust composites with different silane coupling agents
Authors: Sombatsompop N. , Chaochanchaikul K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractUnique explanations are given to describe changes in the mixing torque and tensile and impact properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/wood sawdust composites affected by various types and concentrations of silane coupling agents. Concentrations of 0.5–1.0 and 1.5 wt % coupling agent are recommended for the optimization of the tensile and impact properties of the composites, respectively. Changes in the tensile and impact properties of the composites with a low sawdust content were more sensitive to the addition of silane coupling agents than those with a high sawdust content. KBM603 was suitable for improving the tensile properties, whereas KBE603 is recommended for high impact resistance of the composites. The differences in the mechanical and thermal properties of the PVC/sawdust composites were dependent on the characteristics of the functional groups in the silane coupling agents used, such as hydrophilic level, number of functional groups, self‐condensation reaction, and effectiveness of the hydrolysis reaction. Silane coupling agents above 1.0 wt % resulted in an increase in polyene sequences in the PVC structure. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 213–221, 2005
Acrylonitrile‐based copolymer membranes for the separation of methanol from a methanol–toluene mixture through pervaporation
Authors: Pal Sangita Mandal , Pangarkar Vishwas G. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe membrane selection criteria for the preferential permeation of a particular component were examined for the pervaporative separation of methanol from a mixture of methanol and toluene. One polyacrylonitrile homopolymer and five different copolymer membranes (i.e., acrylonitrile with maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, and styrene) were prepared through emulsion polymerization. All these monomers were selected on the basis of the solubility parameter concept. The second monomer had an influence on the permselectivity and flux, and this effect was investigated. The structures of the copolymers, the features of their sorption layers, and their permeation paths were examined. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 243–252, 2005
Placental expression of the nuclear receptors for oxysterols LXRα and LXRβ during mouse and human development
Authors: Marceau Geoffroy , Volle David H. , Gallot Denis , Mangelsdorf David J. , Sapin Vincent , Lobaccaro Jean‐Marc A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractOntogenesis and localization expression of genes encoding for the nuclear receptors for oxysterols (lxrα and lxrβ) were investigated in human and mouse placenta during gestation. Both mRNAs were detectable in the placentation throughout the gestation (from 7 days postcoitum and 6th week of gestation in mouse and human, respectively) by Northern blots or RT‐PCR experiments. Lxrα showed a higher accumulation in the mouse yolk sac. In situ hybridization pointed a specific expression of lxrα in the human amniotic membranes. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative studies of oncostatin M expression in the tissues of adult rodents
Authors: Znoyko Iya , Sohara Naondo , Spicer Samuel S. , Trojanowska Maria , Reuben Adrian 
Published: January 2005

AbstractOncostatin M (OSM), a member of the interleukin‐6 family of cytokines, is thought to be expressed mostly by activated T‐lymphocytes and monocytes in adult animals. However, here we report specific constitutive tissue expression of OSM in the pancreas, kidney, testes, spleen, stomach, and brain, but not liver or lung, of three adult rodent species. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic expression pattern of Hoxc8 during mouse early embryogenesis
Authors: Kwon Yunjeong , Shin Jaeseung , Park Hyoung Woo , Kim Myoung Hee 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe Hoxc8 expression pattern was examined in mouse embryos 7.5–12.5 days postcoitum (dpc) using whole‐mount in situ hybridization and RT‐PCR. The expression of Hoxc8 started between 7.5 and 8.5 dpc. A strong expression was detected in the ectoderm and mesoderm at 8.5 dpc. At 9.5 dpc, a distinct anterior boundary of Hoxc8 expression was established at the 10th and 16th somites in the neural tube and the paraxial mesoderm, respectively. This staggered expression pattern was maintained throughout the later stages. By 12.5 dpc, the forward progression of the Hoxc8 expression pattern was observed and the stain was weakened. In the ectoderm‐derived neural tube, strong Hoxc8 expression was observed in the ventral horn and later in the ventral and mediolateral region of the mantle layer, indicating a possible association with the onset and progression of neural differentiation. In the case of the mesoderm‐derivative cells, strong Hoxc8 expression was detected in the sclerotome on the way to the notochord and neural tube and mesonephros, suggesting a role of Hoxc8 in the formation of the vertebrae and ribs and the possible involvement in the differentiation into the kidney. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
William Cowper and his decorated copperplate initials
Authors: Sanders Mark A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWilliam Cowper was an 18th‐century London surgeon/anatomist who made important contributions to several medical disciplines. He achieved lasting fame for describing the bulbourethral glands and lasting infamy for pirating plates for his anatomical atlas, the Anatomy of Humane Bodies. Cowper wrote the books and papers that taught the forerunners of today's surgeons and anatomists. His most famous pupil, the great surgeon William Cheselden, was one of the teachers of John Hunter, the founder of modern surgery. Cowper's magnificent atlas of human myology, the Myotomia Reformata, is a showcase for exquisitely rendered illustrations of muscles and bones. Cowper populated his masterwork with dozens of delightfully decorated initial letters depicting anatomical scenes. This article introduces readers to the long‐forgotten William Cowper and exhibits his stunning historiated letters in all their glory. Anat Rec (Part B: New Anat) 282B:5–12, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ectopic dermal ridge configurations on the interdigital webbings of Hammertoe mutant mice (Hm): Another possible role of programmed cell death in limb development
Authors: Kimura Sumiko , Schaumann Blanka A. , Shiota Kohei 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe mechanism underlying the development of aberrant phalangeal pads and dermal ridge configurations in malformed limbs is not well understood. The forelimbs of Hammertoe (Hm) mutant mouse fetuses were examined sequentially to clarify the relationship between the occurrence of abnormal programmed cell death (PCD) and the formation of phalangeal pads and dermal ridge patterns.METHODSRelevant morphological features, with special emphasis on pads and dermal ridge configurations, were inspected on the exposed dermal surface of the forelimbs of adult Hm mutant mice. The forelimbs of Hm mutant mouse fetuses (GD13–18) and newborns were examined histologically. The forelimbs of GD13 fetuses were subjected to Nile blue (NB) vital staining for in situ labeling of PCD.RESULTSIn the forelimbs of +/+ mice, the formation of dermal ridges was confined to pads, while in Hm/+ and Hm/Hm animals, which have interdigital webbing involving digits II–V, dermal ridges were formed also on the ventral side of the webbing, specifically on its lateral margins between the neighboring digits and on the medial margin of the webbing extending toward the palmar pad. PCD was decreased in the interdigital zones II–IV in GD13 Hm/+ and Hm/Hm fetuses.CONCLUSIONSReduced PCD interdigital tissue of Hm/+ and Hm/Hm fetuses may result in the failure of physiological elimination of interdigital cells and in the persistence of soft tissue webbing between digits. The failure of PCD to occur may also interrupt the interdigital surviving cells to reach the neighboring digits and the distal area of the palm, thereby producing ectopic dermal ridges. It seems that interdigital PCD contributes not only to digit separation but also to the development of digital and palmar pads. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biodiversity analysis of microbial community in the chem‐bioflocculation treatment process
Authors: Xia Siqing , Wang Feng , Fu Yigang , Yang Dianhai , Ma Xingmao 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTotal DNA was directly extracted from environmental samples and amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The PCR products were fingerprinted via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Significant differences were observed in the microbial community structures between traditional treatment process and chem‐bioflocculation process. The microbial community structure shift at different sampling locations in chem‐bioflocculation process and on two typical operational conditions was studied. 16S rDNA V3 regions of some dominant species were sequenced and the species were identified. The microbial communities were stable in both the chem‐bioflocculation process and the activated sludge process under various experimental conditions presented in this work. The attached growth treatment process was less stable when operational conditions changed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New Palladium Nanoclusters. Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Properties.
Authors: Stolyarov I. P. , Gaugash Yu. V. , Kryukova G. N. , Kochubei D. I. , Vargaftik M. N. , Moiseev I. I. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones Catalyzed by the Iridium Hydride Complex under Ambient Conditions.
Authors: Chen Jian‐shan , Li Yan‐yun , Dong Zhen‐rong , Li Bao‐zhu , Gao Jing‐xing 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Asymmetric Hydrosilylation of Alkenes with Alkoxyhydrosilanes Catalyzed by Chiral Bis(oxazolinyl)phenyl—Rhodium Complex.
Authors: Tsuchiya Yasunori , Uchimura Hirofumi , Kobayashi Kazuki , Nishiyama Hisao 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantioselective Organocatalytic Diels Aminations: α‐Aminations of Cyclic β‐Keto Esters and β‐Keto Lactones with Cinchonidine and Cinchonine.
Authors: Pihko Petri M. , Pohjakallio Antti 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reaction of 2‐Alkylidenetetrahydrofurans with Boron Tribromide: Chemo‐ and Regioselective Synthesis of 6‐Bromo‐3‐oxoalkanoates by Application of a “Cyclization‐Ring‐Opening” Strategy.
Authors: Bellur Esen , Langer Peter 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Synthesis of α‐Amino Carboxamides and Their Related Compounds via α‐Oxo Sulfones Starting from 2,2‐Disulfonyloxiranes.
Authors: Matsumoto Shoji , Ishii Michiko , Kimura Kazuto , Ogura Katsuyuki 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxidative Deprotection of Oximes, Phenylhydrazones and Semicarbazones Using Pyridinium Chlorochromate in Catalytic Amount with t‐Butyl Hydroperoxide and in the Solid State on Montmorillonite K‐10 Clay Support under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Ganguly Nemai C. , Datta Mrityunjoy , De Prithwiraj 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Highly Efficient p‐Toluenesulfonic Acid‐Catalyzed Alcohol Addition or Hydration of Unsymmetrical Arylalkynes.
Authors: Olivi Nathanael , Thomas Emmanuel , Peyrat Jean‐Francois , Alami Mouad , Brion Jean‐Daniel 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of Polyfluorinated 2‐Arylhydrazono‐3‐oxocarboxylic Acid Esters with o‐Phenylenediamine.
Authors: Khudina O. G. , Shchegol'kov E. V. , Burgart Ya. V. , Saloutin V. I. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Fluoride‐Promoted Oxidation of Fischer Alkoxy Carbene Complexes: Stoichiometric and Catalytic Conditions.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Andina Facundo , Fernandez‐Rodriquez Manuel A. , Garcia‐Garcia Patricia , Merino Isabel , Aguilar Enrique 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Gentle and Efficient Route for the Deoxygenation of Sulfoxides Using Catecholborane (HBcat; cat = 1,2‐O2C6H4).
Authors: Harrison Daniel J. , Tam Nga Chiu , Vogels Christopher M. , Langler Richard F. , Baker R. Thomas , Decken Andreas , Westcott Stephen A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of Substituted Cyclohexanolones with Alicyclic and Fat‐Aromatic Amines.
Authors: Grigor'eva E. A. , Kriven'ko A. P. , Sorokin V. V. , Ramazanov A. K. , Inozemtseva O. A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and in vitro Antitumor Activity of Substituted Anthracene‐1,4‐diones.
Authors: Hua Duy H. , Lou Kaiyan , Havens Josh , Perchellet Elisabeth M. , Wang Yang , Perchellet Jean‐Pierre , Iwamoto Takeo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.