bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Realizing stretchable energy harvesting film through stretch-buckling conversion of wavy base
Authors: Gwak Yunki , Kim Nayoung , Victoria Adebisi Oluwabukola , Yun Jung-Hoon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we designed and fabricated a stretchable energy harvesting device. This device operates by inducing buckling in the Lead Zirconate Titanate film through tension applied to the wavy base, resulting in voltage generation. Both simulations and experiments demonstrate that the aspect ratio between the pitch and curve radius of the symmetric wavy base influences the energy conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric device. An in-depth analysis revealed that increasing the resolution of the device leads to a proportional increase in energy conversion efficiency. This finding aligns with the mathematical modeling proposed in our study. Consequently, our study demonstrates the potential of miniaturized wavy piezoelectric devices in diverse applications, including soft robotics, wearable devices, and highly sensitive stretchable sensors. These devices hold promise for enhancing the efficiency of flexible devices by harnessing energy from mechanical movement.
Activation of metrologically useful genuine multipartite entanglement
Authors: Trényi Róbert , Lukács Árpád , Horodecki Paweł , Horodecki Ryszard , Vértesi Tamás , Tóth Géza 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We consider quantum metrology with several copies of bipartite and multipartite quantum states. We characterize the metrological usefulness by determining how much the state outperforms separable states. We identify a large class of entangled states that become maximally useful for metrology in the limit of large number of copies, even if the state is weakly entangled and not even more useful than separable states. This way we activate metrologically useful genuine multipartite entanglement. Remarkably, not only that the maximally achievable metrological usefulness is attained exponentially fast in the number of copies, but it can be achieved by the measurement of few simple correlation observables. We also make general statements about the usefulness of a single copy of pure entangled states. We surprisingly find that the multiqubit states presented in Hyllus et al (2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 012337), which are not useful, become useful if we embed the qubits locally in qutrits. We discuss the relation of our scheme to error correction, and its possible use for quantum metrology in a noisy environment.
Active control of polarization-dependent terahertz surface plasmonic wave excitation using coupled graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces
Authors: Su Hao , Li Quan , Xu Guanghong , Huang Hai , Wang Shuang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Active control of terahertz surface plasmonic wave (SPW) intensity in the propagation direction holds substantial significance for advanced terahertz functional devices. In this study, we propose a graphene-metal hybrid split-ring slit resonator (SRSR) array metasurfaces and employ the concept of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to achieve excitation of asymmetric SPWs under various polarization states. By individually integrating two graphene ribbons into the two split-ring slit gaps and applying different bias voltages, we observed a gradual transition in the excitation behavior of asymmetric terahertz SPWs, ultimately resembling that of a single SRSR. Near-field simulations reveal that this phenomenon is attributed to the short-connection effect of graphene. Our proposed graphene-metal active hybrid metasurface introduces a novel approach to realize active SPWs devices, holding potential applications in terahertz on-chip communication.
The SparkPix-S ASIC for the sparsified readout of 1 MHz frame-rate X-ray cameras at LCLS-II: pixel design and simulation results
Authors: Rota L. , Mele F. , Habib A. , Kim H. , King P. , Markovic B. , Peña Perez A. , Dragone A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Exploiting the “sparse” nature of the information in XPCS (X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy) and XSVS (Speckle Visibility Spectroscopy) experiments, we present the SparkPix-S, a 3-sides buttable Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) based on a sparsified readout strategy for large-format hybrid detectors. The SparkPix-S architecture, based on the successful ePix family, will be composed as follows: a front-end 2-D matrix of 384×352 square pixels with 50 µm pitch is arranged to match the dimensions of a PIN Si-sensor matrix; charge readout, signal shaping and amplitude discrimination is performed at pixel-level, by means of a low-power (<18 µW) analog processor, which, in case of an event, negotiates access to an analog bus placed every other column; on the chip periphery (balcony), the information on each bus is digitized by an array of successive approximation analog-to-digital converters (SAR-ADCs) running at 10 Msps; on the digital back-end the global logic will generate the output data stream using low-voltage differential signalling (LVDS).
A first prototype of the SparkPix-S, with a reduced matrix size of 96×96 pixels, is currently under production on a 130 nm CMOS technology. Simulated performance results show an equivalent noise charge <60 el. r.m.s. at 1 MHz repetition rate, with a maximum input energy of 60 keV and capability to discriminate charge signals with equivalent energy as low as 900 eV.
Balancing gain and dynamic range in a 25 µm pitch hybrid pixel detector
Authors: Heymes J. , Barten R. , Baruffaldi F. , Bergamaschi A. , Brückner M. , Carulla M. , Dinapoli R. , Ebner S. , Fröjdh E. , Greiffenberg D. , Hasanaj S. , Hinger V. , King T. , Kozłowski P. , Lopez-Cuenca C. , Mezza D. , Moustakas K. , Mozzanica A. , Paton K.A. , Ruder C. , Schmitt B. , Thattil D. , Xie X. , Zhang J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
MÖNCH is a hybrid pixel detector featuring 25 µm pixel pitch and analogue readout for X-ray imaging at synchrotron radiation (SR) facilities. Sub-pixel spatial resolution has been demonstrated using charge sharing and interpolation algorithms. The current prototype version, MÖNCH0.4, features 19 different pixel architectures to assess the design choices and components for an optimised architecture to be used at SR facilities, and to explore the potential use of dynamic gain switching in fine pitch pixels for applications at X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs).

Previous characterisation results of the pixel architectures without dynamic gain switching have shown noise levels as low as 21.7 e- r.m.s., which have now been pushed to sub-20 e- r.m.s at room temperature using standard 300 µm-thick silicon sensors. Achieving low noise values however requires high conversion gain and necessitates design choices such as the simplification of the pixel architecture (e.g. by limiting the available choice of in-pixel gains). These compromises ultimately restrain the available dynamic range and prevent the use of MÖNCH with low-gain avalanche diodes (LGADs) or high-Z sensors because of the large signals (internal amplification and high photon energies, respectively) and of large leakage currents.

In this paper, we will introduce the MÖNCH project followed by a description of the current prototype along with characterisation results of the pixel architectures without dynamic gain switching for synchrotron applications with an emphasis on noise and dynamic range. These experimental results will be used to fine-tune the design of MÖNCH0.5 to validate the final pixel design. This small prototype should also include additional features from the continuous developments of the PSD detector group towards a full-scale 2 × 3 cm2 MÖNCH1.0.
Development of a negative helium ion source with non-metallic charge exchange
Authors: Jackle Philip , Bunevich Aleksei , Silva Lopez Diego , Kavanagh Karen L. , Dehnel Morgan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Negative helium ion (He−) beams are required for tandem accelerators used at research centers and implanter facilities. The common production method of such beams involves charge exchange between a positive helium ion (He+) source or beam, with a low pressure alkali metal vapour. However, the efficiency of this reaction is poor (only a small percentage) and the alkali metal vapour increases the potential flammability of the interior surfaces of the reaction chamber, as well as contributing to unwanted electrostatic discharge and target contamination downstream. In this paper we describe initial results from experiments using a focused He+ ion microscope (HIM) to measure charge uptake efficiencies after transmission through carbon membranes. The He+ beam (15 keV to 30 keV, 50 fA to 10 pA) collides with a non-metallic foil, and transmitted particles (He+, He0, and He−) are separated electrostatically into discrete beam spots and detected using a radiation camera (AdvaCam MiniPIX). A He− percentage uptake of 0.05 was observed using a 20 nm exfoliated graphite membrane consistent with previous reports. Future work will investigate the efficiency of charge exchange through other suitable membrane materials.
Alpha heating and avalanche effect simulations for low density proton-boron fusion plasma
Authors: Moustaizis S. , Daponta C. , Eliezer S. , Henis Z. , Lalousis P. , Nissim N. , Schweitzer Y. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The initial interest in p-11B fusion, which produces three (3) alpha particles with
total energy of 8.7 MeV, was regained the last few years, due to the important experimental
measurements on alpha particle production and theoretical and numerical investigations. The
re-evaluation of proton-boron fusion, as an important vector for “aneutronic” energy production,
is based on the consideration of the “chain reactions alpha heating effect and the related
avalanche effect”, as the important process, for the increase of the fusion species (p, 11B)
temperatures, to temperatures corresponding to the optimump-11B fusion cross
sections. Investigation of ignition and self-sustained conditions for low density (∼
1020 m-3) proton-boron fusion plasmas is an interesting study topic for application in
magnetic confinement. We use a multi-fluid, global particle and energy balance code, describing
the temporal evolution of the physical parameters of the fusion medium, as a function of the
initial conditions of density and temperature of the fusion species (p, 11B). For the
establishment of the distinct contribution role of the avalanche effect in proton-boron fusion, we
explore cases of low (<100 keV) and high (>100 keV) initial p-11B medium
temperatures. For these temperature cases, density ratios np
/nB
> 1
between the
fusion species (p, 11B) are considered, for the optimization of Bremsstrahlung radiation
losses. Simulations using the multi-fluid code in a low density p-11B medium with np
/nB
> 1, enable the evaluation of the initial temperatures range, which is necessary
for the temporal increase of the alpha density, the rapid improvement in the p-11B fusion
reaction rate (RR), the temperature rise of the fusion species (p, 11B) and the achievement
of higher than 1 Q (Pf
/P
Brems) values, due to the manifestation of the avalanche
effect.In the case of high initial fusion medium temperatures in the range: 150 keV ≤ T
in ≤ 350 keV, the chain reactions alpha heating effect and the related avalanche effect
contribute to the maintenance and the rise of the fusion species (p, 11B) temperature to high
values, for ignition and self-sustained fusion (Q > 1).
CRaTeBo: a high-speed, radiation-tolerant and versatile testing platform for FPGA radiation qualification for high-energy particle accelerator applications
Authors: Scialdone A. , Gkountoumis P. , Ferraro R. , Barros Marin M. , Dilillo L. , Saigne F. , Boch J. , Danzeca S. , Masi A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The CHARM Radiation Tolerant FPGA Tester Board (CRaTeBo) is
a FPGA testing platform for the CERN High-energy Accelerator (CHARM)
irradiation facility. It is meant to ease the radiation testing of
FPGA-based systems by providing users with a radiation-tolerant
carrier card featuring an FPGA interface, a high-speed communication
interface, a flexible power supply, and an HPC-FMC connector for
additional front-end electronics. It is foreseen to be a permanent
installation in the CHARM facility at CERN, giving users the
possibility to carry out radiation tests of their system with
minimum effort on the test setup development.
Why would you put a flashlight in a dark matter detector?
Authors: Gibbons R. , Chen H. , Haselschwardt S.J. , Xia Q. , Sorensen P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are solid-state,
single-photon sensitive, pixelated sensors whose usage for
scintillation detection has rapidly increased over the past decade.
It is known that the avalanche process within the device, which
renders a single photon detectable, can also generate secondary
photons which may be detected by a separate device. This effect,
known as external crosstalk, could potentially degrade the science
goals of future xenon dark matter experiments. In this article, we
measure the effect of external crosstalk in a dual-phase, liquid
xenon time projection chamber fully instrumented with SiPMs. We
then consider the implications for a future xenon dark matter
experiment utilizing SiPMs and discuss possible solutions.
Low-temperature crosslinked soluble polyimide as a dielectric for organic thin-film transistors: enhanced electrical stability and performance
Authors: Yoo Sungmi , Kim Kyeongmin , Kim Cho Long , Choi Seong Hun , Won Jong Chan , Ahn Taek , Kim Yun Ho 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We have prepared a low-temperature cross-linked soluble polyimide (SPI) as a dielectric material for organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) to improve their electrical stability. Two types of SPIs (DOCDA/6FHAB and 6FDA/6FHAB) were synthesized by a one-step polymerization process using 5-(2,5-dioxytetrahydrofuryl)-3-methyl-3-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride (DOCDA) and hexafluoroisopropylidene diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) as the dianhydrides and 2,2-bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane (6FHAB) as a diamine. To further enhance the electrical performance, the SPI thin films were crosslinked with methylated/ethylated (hydroxymethyl)benzoguanamine (HMBG) through a low temperature process at 160 °C. Crosslinking considerably improved the insulating properties, resulting in a substantial reduction in leakage current from 10−7 A cm−2 to 10−9 A cm−2 at 2.0 MV cm−1. When crosslinked SPIs were used as gate dielectrics in OTFTs, device stability and reliability, as measured by the off-current, threshold voltage, and hysteresis, improved significantly. Our results demonstrate the potential of crosslinked SPIs as effective gate dielectric materials for advanced organic thin-film transistors.
Structure design and advantage research for bidirectional synchronous force-increasing EMB actuator
Authors: Yang Kun , Chen Lizhi , Chen Yu , Ma Chao , Tan Di , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Electro-Mechanical Brake (EMB) can provide an ideal brake actuator for the active braking system of intelligent vehicles and the decoupled regenerative braking system of new energy vehicles. In order to solve the problem of large volume, weight, and axial size of the existing EMB actuator, a novel bidirectional synchronous force-increasing EMB (BSF-EMB) actuator scheme is proposed. Based on the maximum required braking force of the target vehicle under emergency braking conditions and the limitation of installation space in the wheel hub. The rotary motor and the ball screw are selected, the force-increasing mechanism parameters calculation and structure design are completed. In order to minimize the difference between the force-increasing ratio of the two-stage force-increasing mechanism and the lever force-increasing mechanism. The parameters of the force-increasing mechanism are optimized based on the weight adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm. The three-dimensional model of the EMB actuator is established. In addition, when the required braking force is the same, the mass and volume of the BSF-EMB actuator can be decreased by about 43.4% and 55.8%, compared with the existing planetary gear force-increasing EMB (PGF-EMB) actuator scheme. Therefore, the BSF-EMB actuator can effectively decrease the unsprung mass of the vehicle and resolve the issue of limited installation space in the wheel hub of compact vehicles. The EMB models for two EMB actuator structures are built based on MATLAB/Simulink, and the EMB braking response speed and tracking performance of braking force are compared. The simulation results show that the braking response speed of the BSF-EMB actuator can be increased by 11%, 10.6%, 12.7%, and 14% compared to the PGF-EMB actuator under emergence braking condition and other three general service braking conditions, and the braking force adjustment is more precise. Finally, the effectiveness for the control strategy is verified by hardware in loop (HIL) experiment under sin wave input condition for braking force. The related research can provide reference for the design and application of EMB.
Predicting drug–target binding affinity with cross-scale graph contrastive learning
Authors: Wang Jingru , Xiao Yihang , Shang Xuequn , Peng Jiajie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Identifying the binding affinity between a drug and its target is essential in drug discovery and repurposing. Numerous computational approaches have been proposed for understanding these interactions. However, most existing methods only utilize either the molecular structure information of drugs and targets or the interaction information of drug–target bipartite networks. They may fail to combine the molecule-scale and network-scale features to obtain high-quality representations. In this study, we propose CSCo-DTA, a novel cross-scale graph contrastive learning approach for drug-target binding affinity prediction. The proposed model combines features learned from the molecular scale and the network scale to capture information from both local and global perspectives. We conducted experiments on two benchmark datasets, and the proposed model outperformed existing state-of-art methods. The ablation experiment demonstrated the significance and efficacy of multi-scale features and cross-scale contrastive learning modules in improving the prediction performance. Moreover, we applied the CSCo-DTA to predict the novel potential targets for Erlotinib and validated the predicted targets with the molecular docking analysis.
Roles of histone post-translational modifications in meiosis
Authors: Nie Hui , Kong Xueyu , Song Xiaoyu , Guo Xiaoyu , Li Zhanyu , Fan Cunxian , Zhai Binyuan , Yang Xiao , Wang Ying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Histone post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, play vital roles in various chromatin-based cellular processes. Meiosis is crucial for organisms that depend on sexual reproduction to produce haploid gametes, during which chromatin undergoes intricate conformational changes. An increasing body of evidence is clarifying the essential roles of histone post-translational modifications during meiotic divisions. In this review, we concentrate on the post-translational modifications of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4, as well as the linker histone H1, that are required for meiosis, and summarize recent progress in understanding how these modifications influence diverse meiotic events. Finally, challenges and exciting open questions for future research in this field are discussed.
Summary Sentence
Diverse histone post-translational modifications exert important effects on the meiotic cell cycle and these “histone codes” in meiosis might lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies against reproductive diseases.
Time to bring female genital schistosomiasis out of neglect
Authors: Lamberti Olimpia , Bozzani Fiammetta , Kiyoshi Kita , Bustinduy Amaya L 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a chronic gynaecological disease affecting girls and women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), caused by the parasite Schistosoma (S.) haematobium. FGS is associated with sexual dysfunction, reproductive tract morbidity and increased prevalence of HIV and cervical precancer lesions.

Source of data
Key peer-reviewed published literature.

Areas of agreement
FGS screening and diagnosis require costly equipment and specialized training, seldom available in resource-limited settings. FGS surveillance is not included in wider schistosomiasis control strategies. The interplay of FGS with other SRH infections is not fully understood. Integration of FGS within sexual and reproductive health (SRH) control programmes needs to be explored.

Areas of controversy
There are no standardized methods for individual or population-based FGS screening and diagnosis, hindering accurate disease burden estimates and targeted resource allocation. Treatment recommendations rely on public health guidelines, without rigorous clinical evidence on efficacy.

Growing points
Integrating FGS screening with SRH programmes offers an opportunity to reach at-risk women with limited access to healthcare services. Home-based self-sampling coupled with handheld colposcopes operated by primary healthcare workers show promise for FGS diagnosis and surveillance at scale.

Areas timely for developing research
There is growing interest in decentralizing strategies for FGS screening and diagnosis. The accurate predictions on the ‘cost-effectiveness’ of these approaches will determine their affordability and feasibility within the overburdened health systems in SSA. Clinical trials are needed to optimize FGS treatment. Longitudinal studies can expand on the epidemiological knowledge on co-morbidities and integration within other SRH interventions.
Comprehensive exploration of multi-modal and multi-branch imaging markers for autism diagnosis and interpretation: insights from an advanced deep learning model
Authors: Gao Jingjing , Xu Yuhang , Li Yanling , Lu Fengmei , Wang Zhengning 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with diverse genetic and brain involvement. Despite magnetic resonance imaging advances, autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and understanding its neurogenetic factors remain challenging. We propose a dual-branch graph neural network that effectively extracts and fuses features from bimodalities, achieving 73.9% diagnostic accuracy. To explain the mechanism distinguishing autism spectrum disorder from healthy controls, we establish a perturbation model for brain imaging markers and perform a neuro-transcriptomic joint analysis using partial least squares regression and enrichment to identify potential genetic biomarkers. The perturbation model identifies brain imaging markers related to structural magnetic resonance imaging in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes, while functional magnetic resonance imaging markers primarily reside in the frontal, temporal, occipital lobes, and cerebellum. The neuro-transcriptomic joint analysis highlights genes associated with biological processes, such as “presynapse,” “behavior,” and “modulation of chemical synaptic transmission” in autism spectrum disorder’s brain development. Different magnetic resonance imaging modalities offer complementary information for autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. Our dual-branch graph neural network achieves high accuracy and identifies abnormal brain regions and the neuro-transcriptomic analysis uncovers important genetic biomarkers. Overall, our study presents an effective approach for assisting in autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and identifying genetic biomarkers, showing potential for enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.