bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Tether Breakage in Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering
Authors: Cahill Patrick J. , Miyanji Firoz , Lullo Brett R. , Samdani Amer F. , Lonner Baron S. , Pahys Joshua M. , Hwang Steven W. , Haber Lawrence L. , Alanay Ahmet , Shah Suken A. , Parent Stefan , Blakemore Laurel C. , Hoernschemeyer Daniel G. , Neal Kevin M. ,   Harms Study Group, Newton Peter O. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Thoracic anterior vertebral body tethering (TAVBT) is an emerging treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Tether breakage is a known complication of TAVBT with incompletely known incidence. We aim to define the incidence of tether breakage in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who undergo TAVBT. The incidence of tether breakage in TAVBT is hypothesized to be high and increase with time postoperatively.

Methods:
All patients with right-sided, thoracic curves who underwent TAVBT with at least 2 and up to 3 years of radiographic follow-up were included. Tether breakage between 2 vertebrae was defined a priori as any increase in adjacent screw angle >5 degrees from the minimum over the follow-up period. The presence and timing of tether breakage were noted for each patient. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to calculate expected tether breakage up to 36 months. χ2 analysis was performed to examine the relationship between tether breakage and reoperations. Independent t test was used to compare the average final Cobb angle between cohorts.

Results:
In total, 208 patients from 10 centers were included in our review. Radiographically identified tether breakage occurred in 75 patients (36%). The initial break occurred at or beyond 24 months in 66 patients (88%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis estimated the cumulative rate of expected tether breakage to be 19% at 24 months, increasing to 50% at 36 months. Twenty-one patients (28%) with a radiographically identified tether breakage went on to require reoperation, with 9 patients (12%) requiring conversion to posterior spinal fusion. Patients with a radiographically identified tether breakage went on to require conversion to posterior spinal fusion more often than those patients without identified tether breakage (12% vs. 2%; P=0.004). The average major coronal curve angle at final follow-up was significantly larger for patients with radiographically identified tether breakage than for those without tether breakage (31 deg±12 deg vs. 26 deg±12 deg; P=0.002).

Conclusions:
The incidence of tether breakage in TAVBT is high, and it is expected to occur in 50% of patients by 36 months postoperatively.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV
Effects of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Early-onset Stage II Colon Cancer at Different Tumor Sites
Authors: Tan Chang , Wang Qianqian , Yao Shukun 
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
Left-sided colon cancer (LSCC) and right-sided colon cancer (RSCC) have shown distinct clinical and prognostic features. We investigated the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) on cause-specific survival (CSS) in patients with stage II LSCC and RSCC.

Methods:
Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database, a cohort of patients with stage II colon cancer, aged between 20 and 49 years was identified. Both Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis as well as propensity score matching were used.

Results:
Overall, 5633 patients were eligible. Patients with RSCC were more likely to be male, black, and younger, with a poor grade and histologic type, and were more likely to have more regional nodes examined and larger tumor size. After propensity score matching, CSS was significantly superior in patients with RSCC compared to those with LSCC (Hazard Ratio (HR): 0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.95, P=0.01). However, no survival benefit was observed for patients with LSCC after ACT (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.90-1.35, P=0.35), and surprisingly, ACT was found to do more harm than good in patients with RSCC (HR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05-1.63, P=0.02). Even among patients with high-risk features such as T4 stage and regional nodes examined<12 in both groups, ACT still did not improve CSS except for T4 stage LSCC (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.44-0.97, P=0.02).

Conclusions:
The results of this analysis indicate that the prognosis of RSCC is better than that of LSCC in stage II colon cancer, and ACT did not improve CSS in patients with either LSCC or RSCC. Even in patients with parts of high-risk features, ACT still did not improve CSS, except for T4 stage LSCC.
Ear Keloid as an Unusual Complication of Prolonged Mask Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lumintang Loelita Marcelia , Dohi Teruyuki , Ogawa Rei 
Published: January 2024

Summary:
The recent COVID-19 pandemic required many people to wear ear-loop face masks (ELFMs) for protracted periods, and ear injuries have been reported. Here, we report a rare case of a keloid on the right posterior ear that appeared to arise from prolonged ELFM use. A 76-year-old Japanese man presented with a 7.3 × 2.2 × 1.4-cm keloid running from the medial retroauricular sulcus to the posterior lobule. The lack of keloid history suggested the absence of genetic risk factors. The patient reported extensive mask-wearing habits that were augmented by the pandemic. The keloid developed from an ear injury. Although it healed well, it started thickening 2 months later. Because local mechanical forces (eg, pressure/friction) can promote keloid growth, the ELFM may have provoked the keloid. The patient disclosed a history of uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes mellitus, which associate with severe keloids. The whole keloid was removed via total excision, and the defect was closed primarily and subjected to 15Gy/2Fr radiotherapy. The patient was advised to use a different mask type. Twelve months later, the scar had healed without complications or recurrence and with good cosmetic outcomes. Thus, ELFMs can promote retroauricular keloid formation, possibly by imposing local pressure/friction. ELFMs may also raise local skin temperatures and humidity, thereby fostering infection, which can trigger keloids. Hypertension/diabetes may further elevate the risk of EFLM-induced keloid. Thus, an auricular keloid is an unusual complication of prolonged ELFM use. Combination therapy can have excellent outcomes. Patients with keloid risk factors should be advised to use face masks without ear loops.
Second-stage Scrotoplasty with Autologous Tissue Augmentation after Metoidioplasty
Authors: Everett Ross G. , Butler Christi , Dy Geolani W. , Dugi Daniel D. 
Published: January 2024

Summary:
We present our technique for second-stage scrotoplasty with autologous tissue augmentation following gender-affirming metoidioplasty. This technique augments the scrotum while removing the upper labia majora and making the penis more visible and accessible. This procedure avoids the need for testicular prostheses and their potential for discomfort, displacement, extrusion, or infection. Our preliminary results show that the complication rate is low.
Comparison Between 24-2 ZEST and 24-2 ZEST FAST Strategies in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Using a Fundus Perimeter
Authors: Romano Dario , Oddone Francesco , Montesano Giovanni , Fogagnolo Paolo , Colizzi Benedetta , Tanga Lucia , Giammaria Sara , Rui Chiara , Rossetti Luca M. 
Published: January 2024

Précis:
Using a Compass (CMP) (CMP, Centervue, Padova, Italy) fundus perimeter, Zippy Estimation by Sequential Testing (ZEST) FAST strategy showed a significant reduction in examination time compared with ZEST, with good agreement in the quantification of perimetric damage.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to compare the test duration of ZEST strategy with ZEST FAST and to evaluate the test-retest variability of ZEST FAST strategy on patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Patients and Methods:
This was a multicenter retrospective study. We analyzed 1 eye of 60 subjects: 30 glaucoma patients and 30 patients with ocular hypertension. For each eye we analyzed, 3 visual field examinations were performed with Compass 24-2 grid: 1 test performed with ZEST strategy and 2 tests performed with ZEST FAST. Mean examination time and mean sensitivity between the 2 strategies were computed. ZEST FAST test-retest variability was examined.

Results:
In the ocular hypertension cohort, test time was 223±29 seconds with ZEST FAST and 362±48 seconds with ZEST (38% reduction, P<0.001). In glaucoma patients, it was respectively 265±62 and 386±78 seconds (31% reduction using ZEST FAST, P<0.001). The difference in mean sensitivity between the 2 strategies was −0.24±1.30 dB for ocular hypertension and −0.14±1.08 dB for glaucoma. The mean difference in mean sensitivity between the first and the second test with ZEST FAST strategy was 0.2±0.8 dB for patients with ocular hypertension and 0.24±0.96 dB for glaucoma patients.

Conclusions:
ZEST FAST thresholding provides similar results to ZEST with a significantly reduced examination time.
Curricula Mapping of Physician Associate/Physician Assistant-Comparable Professions Worldwide Using the Learning Opportunities, Objectives, and Outcomes Platform
Authors: Smalley Scott , Bruza-Augatis Mirela , Colletti Thomas , Heistermann Peter , Mahmud Alias , Song David , Juarez Laura , Tshotetsi Lumbani , Fahringer David , Smith Jami , Ahlers Olaf , Showstark Mary 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Given the international growth of physician associate/physician assistant (PA) and PA-comparable professions, it is crucial to understand the educational curricula of PA/PA-comparable professions worldwide. This article provides an overview of the process and development of the PA/PA-comparable curricula mapping design applying an international framework. It uses an innovative web-based tool, the Learning Opportunities, Objectives, and Outcomes Platform (LOOOP), to map and evaluate course content, teaching strategies, assessment formats, and learning outcomes. It highlights the project's rationale, challenges, and future implications.
Acute postoperative pain prevalence and intensity in the first 72 hour in Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: a prospective single center observational study
Authors: Timerga Sara , Befkadu Aynalem , Seyoum Fetene 
Published: January 2024

Background:Postoperative pain is poorly studied in developing countries. Severe pain after surgery remains a major problem, occurring in 50–70% of the patients. Differences exist across countries. Despite numerous published studies, the degree of pain following many types of surgery in everyday clinical practice is unknown. To improve postoperative pain-treatment and develop procedure-specific, optimized pain-treatment protocols, the prevalence and severity of postoperative pain must first be identified.Objective:This study aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of acute postoperative pain and the practice of postoperative pain management.Methods:A total of 180 patients were enrolled in the study, with 160 calculated using a single population proportion formula and a 10% attrition rate added, with proportionate stratification according to the size of each ward to obtain the number of participants from each specialty ward. A multistage sampling with stratified proportionate at the initial stages and a simple random sampling technique at the final stage was used. The patients completed a numerical pain rating scale for pain immediately after surgery for the first 72 h after surgery. The prevalence of mild, moderate, or severe pain was calculated. The evaluation was performed at eight time points including immediately after surgery: T2, T4, T8, T12, T24, T48, and T72.Result:The prevalence of severe pain in patients who underwent elective surgery in the study period measured by numeric rating scale was 21.6, 43.9, 45.6, 28.9, 39.4, 10.5, and 13.4% at 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, 24th, 48th and 72 h, respectively.Conclusion:The prevalence of moderate-to-severe pain within 72 h postoperatively was slightly lower than that other studies conducted in Ethiopia reported. This was still high, indicating better pain management in the postoperative period. Involvement of the anesthetist in pain management is crucial for better patient management.
A qualitative study of perfectionism among self-identified perfectionist women with nonmetastatic breast cancer
Authors: Banville Catherine , Massicotte Véronique , Caplette-Gingras Aude , Langlois Frédéric , Gouin Jean-Philippe , Flett Gordon , Molnar Danielle S. , Lemieux Julie , Savard Josée 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Receiving a cancer diagnosis can lead to various psychosocial disturbances. Perfectionism is associated with several psychological problems in the general population, but its role in cancer remains to be assessed. This exploratory qualitative descriptive study aims to examine the role of perfectionism as a vulnerability factor underlying the psychosocial difficulties encountered by people with cancer.

Methods:
A total of 10 women with nonmetastatic breast cancer who self-identified as perfectionists were recruited at the end of their radiation therapy to take part in a focus group or an individual interview.

Results:
The hybrid inductive-deductive thematic analysis revealed the following themes: (1) various dimensions of perfectionism; (2) low self-compassion; (3) control seeking; (4) low self-disclosure; (5) low social support seeking; (6) various coping strategies; (7) relative stability of perfectionism after cancer; (8) need to be a perfect patient; (9) negative psychological impacts; and (10) low interest in an intervention targeting perfectionism.

Conclusions:
This exploratory study psychosocial difficulties that may be related to perfectionism in patients with breast cancer, from both a systemic and an individual perspective.
Craniofacial Injuries in Swimming and Water Sports: Implications for Prevention
Authors: Mangal Rohan , Desai Anshumi , Treger Dylan , Gompels Matthew , Thaller Seth 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Water-related recreational activities, including swimming and diving, are widespread. However, they carry a significant risk of craniofacial injuries. Despite the popularity of these activities, comprehensive data on injuries beyond drowning remain scant. This study addresses this gap by providing valuable epidemiological insight into the nature, prevalence, and demographic patterns of craniofacial injuries related to water sports activities.

Methods:
The authors queried the NEISS database for craniofacial injuries related to swimming, diving, and water sports from 2013 to 2022. Data were analyzed for demographics, anatomic locations of injuries, and the activities leading to these injuries.

Results:
Between 2013 and 2022, a total of 952,111 craniofacial injuries were associated with swimming and water sports. Of these, 510,706 (53.6%) were male patients, and 441,405 (46.4%) were female. This indicates that males were 1.16 times more likely to sustain such injuries. The age groups most affected were 0 to 9 and 10 to 19 years. Anatomic locations impacted were as follows: ears (58.1%), head (16.8%), face (13.9%), neck (4.8%), eyeballs (4.4%), and mouth (2%). Leading causes were identified as swimming and water sports activities (66.5%), swimming pools and equipment (28.2%), diving or diving boards (4.7%), and scuba diving (0.5%). Notably, 89.2% of patients with diving-related injuries and 99.1% with swimming-related injuries were not admitted to the hospital.

Conclusions:
This study offers critical epidemiological data to supplement targeted prevention strategies and resource allocation in managing craniofacial injuries associated with water activities. The findings highlight the urgent need for specialized care and serve as a foundation for future preventive initiatives.
Investigating How East Asian Medical and Biomedical Systems Can Communicate: A Qualitative Exploration of How East Asian Medicine Concepts Can be Used in Modern Health Research
Authors: Macbeth JoHannah , Conboy Lisa , Engels Maria , Burack Rachel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeThere is much published science supporting East Asian Medicine (EAM) as a treatment for many health issues. Public Health has made great advancement in understanding the effects of health disparities globally. East Asian Medical Models offer additional ways to think about health disparities.MethodsTwelve participants who are Biomedicine and/or Eastern Medicine experts or social scientists were identified from the research team’s network. Our goal in this purposive sample was to represent diverse backgrounds, educational and professional experience, expertise, age, gender, and geographic location. Following IRB approval, all potential subjects identified for recruitment agreed to participate and were consented. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each subject on the Zoom © platform, and ranged between 60 and 90 minutes. Recordings were transcribed and checked for accuracy, and double coded for themes. Any disagreement in coding was addressed in discussion between the coders. We assessed the data for saturation on key content areas, and when finding repetition of themes, chose to complete the stage of data analysis. Next, we employed a thematic analysis to better understand the key concepts.ResultsSeven main themes emerged from the interviews. These are necessary areas to consider when considering health disparities: THREE TREASURES, PATIENT PROVIDER RELATIONSHIP, ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH STATUS in EAM, PRENATAL ESSENCE, POSTNATAL ESSENCE, DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH, BELONGING.ConclusionsScientific discovery and health care will improve with improvement in communication between medical practitioners and scientists from EAM and Biomedicine (BM). We use our data to consider ways that the EAM model of health can add to our understanding of the effects social disparities on health.
Beyond a Unitary Construct: Dissecting Stopping Behaviour in Two Bird Species
Authors: Troisi CA , Vernouillet A , Allaert R , Knoch S , Martel A , Lens L , Verbruggen F 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe ability to stop behaviour is essential for adapting to changes in the environment, a principle that holds true across various species. While traditionally considered a unitary psychological construct, recent studies indicate that this ability is multifaceted. Our research evaluates this multifaceted nature using three tasks that measure stopping in different contexts in two related gull species: herring gulls (Larus argentatus) and lesser black-backed gulls (L. fuscus). These species were selected for their distinct migration and foraging strategies, offering a unique lens through which to examine behavioural adaptations. Across tasks and species, we conceptualised stopping as a race between a go and a stop runner, and predicted correlations based on the type of stop stimulus, the relative timing of the go and the stop stimuli, and the type of action that needed to be stopped. We found correlations between measures of ‘going’ across tasks, but there was less consistency in measures of ‘stopping’. Furthermore, we observed significant differences in ‘going’ and ‘stopping’ behaviours that were specific to each species, which may be linked to their migration and foraging strategies. These findings highlight the importance of considering the multifaceted nature of stopping in evolutionary and behavioural studies.
Transgenic αβ TCR tonic signaling is leukemogenic while strong stimulation is leukemia-suppressive
Authors: Catarino Telmo A. , Pacheco-Leyva Ivette , Pereira João L. , Baessa Marina , dos Santos Nuno R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe pre-T cell receptor (TCR) and TCR complexes are frequently expressed in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), an aggressive T cell precursor malignancy. Although mutations in TCR components are infrequent in T-ALL, earlier research indicated that transgenic αβ TCR expression in mouse T cell precursors promoted T-ALL development. However, we recently found that stimulation of TCR signaling in T-ALL induced leukemic cell apoptosis and suppressed leukemia. Our aim was to elucidate if a given αβ TCR complex has a dual role in leukemogenesis depending on the nature of the stimulus. We demonstrate that transgenic expression of the Marilyn αβ TCR, specific for the H-Y male antigen presented by major histocompatibility complex class II, triggers T-ALL development exclusively in female mice. This T-ALL exhibitedNotch1mutations,Cdkn2acopy number loss, immature immunophenotype and infiltrated both lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. Furthermore, leukemic cells expressed surface CD5, a marker of tonic TCR signaling. T-ALL efficiently developed inRag2-deficient Marilyn transgenic females, indicating that Rag2-mediated recombination is not implicated in this T-ALL model. Remarkably, exposure of Marilyn female T-ALL to male antigen in recipient mice resulted in T-ALL apoptosis and prolonged mouse survival. These findings underscore that the same αβ TCR complex has a dual role in T-ALL in that its tonic stimulation is leukemogenic, while strong stimulation is leukemia-suppressive.
A low-cost protocol for reconditioning of deep-brain neural microelectrodes with material failure for electrophysiology recording
Authors: Rezayat Leila , Ghajar Mohammad Hossein , Naji Alireza , Nourozi Jalaledin , Dehaqani MohammadReza Abolghasemi , Rezayat Ehsan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUp to now, a large variety of neural microelectrodes are developed. Although there are a lot of published works in this area, the majority of them are about the fabrication methods and rarely discuss the reconditioning procedure or how to re-use the electrodes that their performance is decreased because of material failure. In this paper, firstly, it is answered that why the performance of neural microelectrodes decreases. Secondly, a general low-cost protocol for reconditioning and re-using electrodes are proposed that can be utilized for the most types of electrodes with material failure. Lastly, the proposed reconditioning protocol is applied experimentally to single-site tungsten microelectrodes to demonstrate the effectiveness of the protocol. Neural signal recording Results clearly indicate that a large number of electrodes can be reconditioned well.
Vertically inherited microbiota and environment modifying behaviors conceal genetic variation in dung beetle life history
Authors: Rohner Patrick T. , Moczek Armin P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiverse organisms actively manipulate their (sym)biotic and physical environment in ways that feedback on their own development. However, the degree to which these processes affect microevolution remains poorly understood. The gazelle dung beetle both physically modifies its ontogenetic environment and structures its biotic interactions through vertical symbiont transmission. By experimentally eliminating i) physical environmental modifications, and ii) the vertical inheritance of microbes, we assess how environment modifying behavior and microbiome transmission shape heritable variation and evolutionary potential. We found that depriving larvae from symbionts and environment modifying behaviors increased additive genetic variance and heritability for development time but not body size. This suggests that larvae’s ability to manipulate their environment has the potential to modify heritable variation and to facilitate the accumulation of cryptic genetic variation. This cryptic variation may become released and selectable when organisms encounter environments that alter the degree to which they can be manipulated. Our findings also suggest that intact microbiomes, which are commonly thought to increase genetic variation of their hosts, may instead reduce and conceal heritable variation. More broadly, our findings highlight that the ability of organisms to actively manipulate their environment may affect the potential of populations to evolve when encountering novel, stressful conditions.