bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water Balance Assessment for Lysimeter Station based on Water Pumping Station Kleče in Ljubljana
Authors: ZUPANC Vesna , BRAČIČ-ŽELEZNIK Branka , PINTAR Marina 
Published: December 2023

For soil water balance calculation two lysimeters were built on Water Pumping Station of Public Water Supply Company in Ljubljana. Soil water balance (change in storage) was calculated using precipitation, evapotranspiration, and lysimeter outflow. Outflow measurements systematically showed discrepancy between Lysimeter North and Lysimeter South, in average 300 mm/year. Yearly soil water balance calculation for the Lysimeter North shows slight decrease in water storage every year in studied period (2001 – 2004).
Response of leek (Allium porrum L.) to different levels of nitrogen dose under agro-climate conditions of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: KARIĆ Lutvija , VUKAŠINOVIĆ Smiljka , ŽNIDARČIČ Dragan 
Published: December 2023

Field experiment was conducted to evaluate growth, yield and quality of leek (Allium porrum L.) under different nitrogen levels, on a heavy clay loam soil in the agro-climate of central Bosnia and Herzegovina. Treatments comprised four nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg ha-1), using local leek variety Karentan. The levels of 100 and 200 kg ha-1 were repeated in split applications. Results demonstrated that increasing level of nitrogen to 200 kg ha-1 resulted in greater number of leaves per plant (14.4), maximum leaves weight (194.6 g plant-1), higher pseudo-stem diameter (36.3 mm), maximum pseudo-stem weight (146.5 g) and highest total yield (91.98 t ha-1). There was a linear increase in total yield from nitrogen fertilization (r2 = 0.87). There was also slight evidence that higher nitrogen amount decrease dry matter. Furthermore, increase in nitrogen levels had no appreciable effect on chemical composition (total and reducing sugars, vitamin C) of leek.
Učinkovitost različnega števila feromonskih vab na nalet poljske pokalice (Agriotes lineatus L.)
Authors: MILEVOJ Lea , GOMBOC Stanislav , BOBNAR Aleksander , MIKUŠ Tina , GRIL Tjaša 
Published: December 2023

Poljska pokalica (Agriotes lineatus L.) je v letu 2004 rojila v okolici Ljubljane od 20. tedna v maju (10. maj) do 36. tedna (30. avgust), s kulminacijo v 25. tednu (14. in 17. junij), ko se je v enem samem tednu ulovilo na eno feromonsko vabo (tip Yatlor) 876 pokalic. V letu 2005 je rojila od 17. tedna (28. april) do 34. tedna (25. avgust), s kulminacijo v 21. in 22. tednu (23., 26. maj in 30. maj, 2. junij) ter 26. teden (27. in 30. junij), ko je bilo 27. junija v vabi 569 hroščev. Višja temperatura zraka in tal je vzpodbudila njeno aktivnost, manj so nanjo vplivale deževne padavine. V poskusu množičnega lova pokalic A. lineatus s ciljem zmanjševanja populacije, se je največ osebkov lovilo v varianti z osmimi feromonskimi vabami (leta 2004 skupaj 2940, leta 2005 skupaj 1444 osebkov), sledi varianta z dvema vabama (leta 2004 skupaj 1268, leta 2005, 752 osebkov) in tej varianta s štirimi vabami (leta 2004 skupaj 1120, leta 2005, 664 osebkov). Najmanj pokalic se je lovilo na eno vabo (leta 2004 skupaj 505, leta 2005 pa 178 osebkov). V letih 2004 in 2005 je bila ugotovljena statistično značilna razlika v številčnem naletu pokalic (Agriotes lineatus) pri varianti z osmimi feromonskimi vabami.
Influence of microbial culture in combination with micronutrient in improving the groundnut productivity under alluvial soil of India
Authors: BASU Manisha , BHADORIA P. B. S. , MAHAPATRA S. C. 
Published: December 2023

A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of cobalt, Rhizobium and phosphobacterium inoculations on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of summer groundnut in an alluvial soil at three levels of cobalt viz., zero, 0.21 kg and 0.42 kg ha-1 with four levels of inoculations viz., uninoculation, inoculation with Rhizobium, inoculation with phosphobacterium and inoculation with both Rhizobium and phosphobacterium. Results indicated that combined application of Rhizobium and phosphobacterium inoculation promoted higher dry matter production, pod yield, oil content and nutrient uptake as compared to application of either of the inoculations. Cobalt @ 0.21 kg ha-1 proved to be better to other doses of cobalt. The percent increase in pod yield of different treatment combinations over untreated control varied from, 2.4% with no inoculation + cobalt @ 0.42 kg ha-1 to 35.6% with Rhizobium + phosphobacterium + cobalt @ 0.21 kg ha-1. The uptake of N, P and K by groundnut was significantly higher in the treatments receiving both inoculation and cobalt at 0.21 kg ha-1 than sole application of either inoculation or cobalt.
Mikrooksidacija vina modri pinot
Authors: LESICA Marko , KOŠMERL Tatjana 
Published: December 2023

Mlada rdeča vina izpostavljena kisiku lahko pod določenimi pogoji pridobijo na kakovosti. Proces mikrooksidacije je osnovna metoda, s katero lahko vplivamo na fenolno strukturo vin, ki skuša prilagajati količino dodanega kisika vinu z namenom povečati stabilnost barve, zmehčanja trpkih taninov in zmanjšanja neprijetnih arom. Proučevali smo vpliv mikrooksidacije na spremembo barve in vsebnosti fenolnih spojin vina modri pinot. Analize so vključevale določanje skupnih fenolov, taninov, netaninov, flavonoidov in neflavonoidov, antocianov, intenzitete barve, tona barve, deleža rdeče barve pri posameznih valovnih dolžinah (420, 520 in 620 nm), oceno koncentracije pigmenta odpornega na SO2 ter primerjavo končnega in kontrolnega vzorca v kemijskih parametrih (pH, prosti in vezani SO2, alkohol, skupni suhi ekstrakt, skupne, titrabilne in hlapne kisline). Rezultati so pokazali, da je mikrooksidacija povzročila spremembo barvnega značaja, izboljšanje intenzitete barve procesiranega vzorca v primerjavi s kontrolnim, vzpodbudila tvorbo polimernih barvil in kopigmentiranih kompleksov, s tem pa mehčanje taninov (polimerizacija fenolnih spojin) in stabilizacijo barve, ki je odporna na vezavo z SO2.
First results concerning the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against Hercinothrips femoralis (Reuter)
Authors: TRDAN Stanislav , KUŽNIK Luka , VIDRIH Matej 
Published: December 2023

The efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora against larvae and adults of banded greenhouse thrips, Hercinothrips femoralis, was studied under laboratory conditions. The activity of the biological agents under study was determined at three different temperatures (15, 20, and 25°C), with concentration of 200 infective juveniles per individual (larva or adult), a day:night ratio of 4:20 and relative humidity of 95 %. The experiment was conducted in plastic rearing vessels on French bean leaves with a slightly modified version of a method used for studying the bionomics of thrips. The mortality rate of the thrips was determined four days after the application of the nematode suspension. Temperature had significant influence on adult pest mortality, but no significant effects were found with nematode species. Neither temperature nor nematode species had significant effect on larval mortality, which ranged from 23 % (S. feltiae at 25°C) to approximately 50 % (H. bacteriophora at 15 and 25°C). Mortality of adults was significantly influenced only by temperature, with the nematodes being most efficient at 25°C (approximately 30 % mortality by H. bateriophora). The results of our research showed that foliar application of entomopathogenic nematodes might be a relatively efficient way for controlling H. femoralis, but the optimization of environmental factors would likely improve their efficacy further.
microbiological quality of raw milk after introducing the two day's milk collecting system
Authors: GODIČ TORKAR Karmen , GOLC TEGER Slavica 
Published: December 2023

This study was carried out to investigate the quality of raw milk after the decision of the dairies to collect the milk every two days and not daily as it has been performed till the year 2005. In wider central Slovenian production area we collected in winter and summer season 203 raw milk samples obtained from farm bulk milk tanks, collecting points and transportation tanks at the entrance to the dairy was studied. The total bacterial count, the number of coliforms, psychrotrophic micro-organisms, coagulase-positive staphylococci, yeasts and moulds were analysed using standard methods. The presence of mould species and production of aflatoxins were studied as well. The total bacterial count was higher than 100 000 cfu/ml in 48 (23.6%) out of all tested samples. Its mean value in all milk samples was 4.5 log10 cfu/ml[1]. The mean numbers of coliform bacteria, psychrotrophic micro-organisms, yeasts and moulds together, and coagulase-positive staphylococci were 2.1 log10 cfu/ml, 3.7 log10 cfu/ml, 2.3 log10 cfu/ml and 1.97 log10 cfu/ml, respectively. Nobeden izmed izoliranih sevov iz rodu Aspergillus, ki je kazal značilno rast na gojišču AFPA, ni na gojiščih YES in YGC z metil-β-ciklodekstrinom tvoril aflatoksina M1.
Ugotavljanje prisotnosti ekotipov kranjske čebele (Apis mellifera carnica Pollman) v Sloveniji na podlagi razlik v ožiljenosti prednjih kril
Authors: KOZMUS Peter 
Published: December 2023

Kranjska čebela (Apis mellifera carnica Pollman 1879) v Sloveniji, je bila v preteklosti na podlagi morfoloških kriterijev razdeljena na več skupin oz. ekotipov, česar pa genetska analiza ni potrdila. Zaradi neenotnih rezultatov smo populacijo kranjske čebele v Sloveniji še enkrat preučili, tokrat na podlagi ožiljenosti kril. Pregledali smo 273 vzorcev čebel iz Slovenije, za primerjavo pa smo uporabili še 68 vzorcev čebel iz Hrvaške, Češke, Grčije in nekaterih selekcioniranih linij. Na vsakem krilu smo označili 19 točk, na osnovi katerih smo izmerili in izračunali 37 značilnosti. Analizirali smo slovensko populacijoin jo primerjali z vzorci čebel iz tujine. Razlike med slovenskimi in ostalimi skupinami vzorcev so bile statistično značilne, razlike znotraj populacije v Sloveniji pa ne. Med skupinami vzorcev smo ugotovili razlike na podlagi diskriminantne analize, analize glavnih komponent in analize variance. Tudi meritve kubitalnega indeksa so nakazovale razlike med skupinami. Enak pristopi pri analizi populacije čebel v Sloveniji ni podprl teze o obstoju različnih ekotipov. Na podlagi rezultatov sklepamo, da je populacija čebel v Sloveniji homogena in kot taka ne nudi dodatne variabilnosti, ki bi jo bilo mogoče uporabiti za selekcijske ali ohranitvene namene.
First massive occurrence of greenhouse whitefly parasitoid, Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) on greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum [Westwood] (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Slovenia
Authors: KOS Katarina , TOMANOVIĆ Željko , ROJHT Helena , VIDRIH Matej , TRDAN Stanislav 
Published: December 2023

In 2008, massive population of parasitoid Encarsia formosa was found for the first time in the greenhouses on the Laboratory Field of Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana (Slovenia). This species is known for a long time as effective natural enemy of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, and other whiteflies in different parts of the world. 1306 wasps from genus Encarsia were found in nymphs of greenhouse whitefly. The most numerous was E. formosa (934 individuals), following by 367 individuals of E. tricolor, 4 males of E. inaron and a male of E. longicornis. Greenhouse whitefly parasitoid was determined on 14 host plants in the greenhouse and E. tricolor on 11 host plants in the greenhouse and on one host plant in the field. E. inaron and E. longicornis appeared only on one host plant in a greenhouse. For the time being the use of wasp E. formosa is not yet permitted in controlling greenhouse whitefly in Slovenia, but there is possibility to include it in the programs of biological control of pests on ornamentals and vegetable plants in the greenhouses. Consequently, the use of chemical insecticides will be reduced.
Efficacy of two strains of Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against third-stage larvae of common cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha [L.], Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) under laboratory conditions
Authors: LAZNIK Žiga , TÓTH Tímea , LAKATOS Tamás , VIDRIH Matej , TRDAN Stanislav 
Published: December 2023

In a laboratory experiment an efficacy of entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae in controlling third-stage larvae of common cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha) was studied. The experiment comprised of commercial product Entonem and indigenous strain C76. The efficacy of both biological agents was tested at 20 and 25 ?C and at four different concentrations of nematode suspension: 0, 250.000 infective juveniles [IJs]/m2, 500.000 IJs/m2, and 1.000.000 IJs/m2. Higher mortality rate (27 %) of white grubs was obtained for strain C76 rather than for commercial product (20 %). In our experiment temperature proved to be the most limiting factor in efficacy of tested biological agents. Meanwhile, mortality rate at 20 ?C was 34 % and only 12 % mortality was achieved at 25 ?C. At highest concentration of nematode suspension and 20 ?C also the highest mortality rate (53 %) with strain C76 was obtained.
search for conjugative transposon in rumen bacterium Prevotella bryantii B14
Authors: GORENC Gregor , ACCETTO Tomaž , AVGUŠTIN Gorazd 
Published: December 2023

Only few plasmids and bacteriophages have been described to date in ruminal prevotella strains, therefore it appears plausible that the genetic exchange in these organisms must exploit other routes. Large conjugative transposons make possible the gene exchange process in bacteria from the genus Bacteroides, the phylogenetic relatives of ruminal prevotellas. The access to fully or partially finished genome sequences of Bacteroides and Prevotella representatives made possible the search for conserved regions within putative conjugative transposons. Multiple sequence alignment of known and putative conjugative transposon gene sequences of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Prevotella intermedia, Bacteroides fragilis and Tanerella sp. was used to locate partially conserved regions within most preserved conjugative transposition genes, traG, and to construct appropriate degenerated oligonucleotide primers. These were used to amplify genome fragments from ruminal prevotella strains. Sequence analysis of the subcloned PCR products revealed the presence of a hypothetical gene in the genome of Prevotella bryantii B14, similar to the ORF BF2880 from B. fragilis YCH46, which is a part of a large conjugative transposon. Inverse PCRs were designed and performed to confirm the initial findings. A partial map of P. bryantii B14 putative conjugative transposon region was constructed, indicating an intergeneric horizontal gene transfer.
Multivariate analysis of phenotypic differentiation in Bunaji and Sokoto Gudali cattle
Authors: YAKUBU Abdulmojeed , IDAHOR Kingsley Omogiade , HARUNA Hadiza Salihu , WHETO Matthew , AMUSAN Samuel 
Published: December 2023

The study aimed at examining morphometric differentiation in two Nigerian breeds of cattle using multifactorial discriminant analyses. Ten morphological traits (withers height, rump height,chest circumference, body length, face length, tail length, rump length, head width, rump width and shoulder width) of 224 Bunaji and 87 Sokoto Gudali cattle were measured. The animals, which were aged 2.5−3.6 years, were subjected to extensive management system. The linear type traits of Sokoto Gudali cattle were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of their Bunaji counterparts, with the exception of body length and face length respectively. The stepwise discriminant analysis gave a better resolution as only three variables, rump width, withers height and face length were more discriminating in separating the two cattle breeds. The Mahalanobis distance (7.19) between the two cattle populations was high and significant, which is an indication that they belong to genetically different groups. This was complemented by the result of the Nearest Neighbour Discriminant Analysis, where 85.48% of Bunaji cattle were classified into their source population while 96.55% of their Sokoto Gudali counterparts were correctly assigned into their source genetic group. The present phenotypic information will be the basis for the establishment of further characterization, conservation and selection strategies for the two Nigerian breeds of cattle.
Foraging behaviour of sheep at pasture with different types of paddock
Authors: ZUPAN Manja , BOJKOVSKI Danijela , ŠTUHEC Ivan , KOMPAN Dragomir 
Published: December 2023

This experiment was designed to study the foraging behaviour of ewes on a pasture with paddocks with three different types of vegetation, herbaceous (n = 3), woody (n = 2), and semi open (n = 1). Forty sheep were bred on a farm in the Karst region of Slovenia. Ten sheep were focally observed during day light (5 a.m.–9 p.m.). Ewes were observed for 2 days in each paddock with one rotation, so 12 days in total. Grazing time, circadian rhythm of grazing, drinking frequency, and frequency of salt consumption were the observed behaviours. On average, ewes grazed for 10.5 hours a day (mean ± SD = 626.2 ± 47.2 min), with a significant difference between individual variation (P < 0.001). Sheep grazed the most in herbaceous paddocks (P < 0.001), with lower yet similar levels observed in woody and semi open paddock. The frequency of drinking and salt consumption was low. Individual grazing sheep would drink slightly less than once per day, while consuming salt on average 1.25 times per day. Drinking frequency was the highest in the semi open paddock with some trees and bushes, whereas salt consumption was most frequently observed in the woody paddocks.
Adventitious presence of GMOs in maize in the view of coexistence
Authors: KOZJAK Petra , ŠUŠTAR-VOZLIČ Jelka , MEGLIČ Vladimir 
Published: December 2023

The introduction of genetically modified (GM) crops in the European Union (EU) demand specific management. The EU recommendations for the management of different agricultural practices are oriented towards the sustainable agriculture in the frame of flexible coexistence. Coexistence may be affected by the adventitious presence of genetically modified organisms (APGM) in non-GM crops along the supply chain. Various biological and environmental parameters as well as technical management have influence on the occurrence and the degree of APGM. These parameters are being used for the development of preventive coexistence measures in individual EU countries. Applicability of the prescribed coexistence measures is critically reviewed, also in the view of possible introduction of GM maize cultivation in Slovenia. From the review, it is concluded that some coexistence measures are not in line with coexistence principles because they demand excessive work and are sometimes difficult to implement in practice. Alternative cooperation of different cropping systems are discussed for potential future implementation. The review is focused on maize, the predominant GM crop cultivated in the EU and an interesting crop for cultivation in Slovenia.
Compatibility of selected herbicides with entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill
Authors: CELAR Franci Aco , KOS Katarina 
Published: December 2023

The in vitro effect of five commonly used herbicides viz., pyridate, fluazifop-P-butyl, foramsulfuron, tembotrione and S-metolachlor on mycelial growth of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (ATCC 74040) was evaluated each at different concentrations: 100, 75, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 0% of recommended field application rate on PDA agar plates at 15 and 25°C. The herbicides tested were classified in 1-4 scoring categories based on reduction in mycelial growth: 1 = harmless (<25% reduction), 2 = slightly harmful (25-50%), 3 = moderately harmful (51-75%), harmful (>75%) in toxicity tests. All the five herbicides had fungistatic effect to B. bassiana at varying intensities depending on their concentrations in medium. The present study showed that B. bassiana is very sensitive to the herbicides tested, particularly at recommended as well as lower field dosage. The selected herbicides foramsulfuron, tembotrione and S-metolachlor have strong fungistatic effect on mycelial growth (> 75% inhibition) at 15 °C and concentrations from 50 to 100%. Foramsulfuron has fungicidal effect at 100 % concentration. Foramsulfuron, tembotrione and S-metolachlor were less inhibitory at 25 than at 15 °C, but the temperature had no influence on reduction of mycelial growth at pyridate and fluazifop-P-butyl. Of the herbicides tested, pyridate and fluazifop-P-butyl showed less adverse effects and are probably compatible with B. bassiana in the field. However, extensive field studies complemented by parallel laboratory experiments should consider assessing the interaction between selected herbicides and B. bassiana isolates to evaluate their ecological impact in cropped environments.
Acclimatization of terrestrial orchid Bletilla striata Rchb.f. (Orchidaceae) propagated under in vitro conditions
Authors: LESAR Helena , HLEBEC Barbara , ČERANIČ Nataša , KASTELEC Damijana , LUTHAR Zlata 
Published: December 2023

Bletilla striata is a terrestrial sympodial orchid. Substrates used for outdoor growing, differing in the mixture of added components and nutrients, were chosen for acclimatization of the asymbiotic propagated plants. A total of 651 Bletilla striata orchids were planted in 3 commercial substrates: ″Tonsubstrat″ (Ton), ″Baltisches substrat″ (Baltski) and ″Royal-Garden″ (Royal). Prior to acclimatization, the plants were 2.5 cm on average, with at least 2 leaves and 2 - 3 cm long root or roots. Fewest plants (3.1%) died in Ton substrate, 3.2% in Baltski substrate and 5.0% in Royal substrate. There were no statistically significant differences among substrates (p = 0.558) in the percentage of plants that died. Substrates used in combination with the chosen phenophase and established conditions were suitable for acclimatization of Bletilla striata orchids, whereby 95-97% of plants successfully adapted from heterotrophic to autotrophic conditions in a very short period of two months. The basic conditions for success are that plants are large and vital enough prior to acclimatization, that the substrate is appropriate and that appropriate conditions of relative humidity, temperature, light and ventilation without major fluctuations of these factors are ensured during acclimatization.
Genska banka in žlahtnjenje krompirja v Slovenij
Authors: DOLNIČAR Peter , RUDOLF PILIH Katarina 
Published: December 2023

Opisana je zgodovina hranjenja in vzgoje novih sort krompirja v Sloveniji, od prvih sortnih poskusov leta 1895 na Ljubljanskem barju, do varietetnega vrta po letu 1935 na Bokalcah. Z vzgojo novih sort so na Kmetijskem inštitutu Slovenije začeli leta 1949 in do leta 1999 vzgojili 15 novih slovenskih sort krompirja. Z novim programom žlahtnjenja smo po letu 1993 vzgojili 9 na PVY odpornih sort krompirja. Slovenske sorte krompirja: 'Igor', 'Cvetnik', 'Dobrin', 'Jubilej', 'Karmin', 'Vesna', 'Matjaž', 'Jana', 'Jaka', 'Meta', 'Tone', 'Kresnik', 'Cita', 'Pšata', 'Bistra', 'KIS Mirna', 'KIS Sora', 'KIS Sotla', 'KIS Kokra', 'KIS Mura', 'KIS Vipava' in 'KIS Krka' se hrani na Kmetijskem inštitutu Slovenije v laboratoriju za tkivne kulture in vitro kot rastline in mikrogomolje ter kot rastline v mrežniku in na polju. Sortno pristnost zagotavljamo z metodo mikrosatelitskih markerjev.