bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Androgen deprivation induces double-null prostate cancer via aberrant nuclear export and ribosomal biogenesis through HGF and Wnt activation
Authors: Kim Won Kyung , Buckley Alyssa J. , Lee Dong-Hoon , Hiroto Alex , Nenninger Christian H. , Olson Adam W. , Wang Jinhui , Li Zhuo , Vikram Rajeev , Adzavon Yao Mawulikplimi , Yau Tak-yu , Bao Yigang , Kahn Michael , Geradts Joseph , Xiao Guang-Qian , Sun Zijie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) targeting androgen/androgen receptor (AR)- signaling pathways is the main therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). However, ADT eventually fails in most patients who consequently develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). While more potent AR antagonists and blockers for androgen synthesis were developed to improve clinical outcomes, they also show to induce more diverse CRPC phenotypes. Specifically, the AR- and neuroendocrine-null PCa, DNPC, occurs in abiraterone and enzalutamide-treated patients. Here, we uncover that current ADT induces aberrant HGF/MET signaling activation that further elevates Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human DNPC samples. Co-activation of HGF/MET and Wnt/β-catenin axes in mouse prostates induces DNPC-like lesions. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses identify increased expression and activity of XPO1 and ribosomal proteins in mouse DNPC-like cells. Elevated expression of XPO1 and ribosomal proteins is also identified in clinical DNPC specimens. Inhibition of XPO1 and ribosomal pathways represses DNPC growth in both in vivo and ex vivo conditions, evidencing future therapeutic targets.
Symmetrically pulsating bubbles swim in an anisotropic fluid by nematodynamics
Authors: Kim Sung-Jo , Kos Žiga , Um Eujin , Jeong Joonwoo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSwimming in low-Reynolds-number fluids requires the breaking of time-reversal symmetry and centrosymmetry. Microswimmers, often with asymmetric shapes, exhibit nonreciprocal motions or exploit nonequilibrium processes to propel. The role of the surrounding fluid has also attracted attention because viscoelastic, non-Newtonian, and anisotropic properties of fluids matter in propulsion efficiency and navigation. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that anisotropic fluids, nematic liquid crystals (NLC), can make a pulsating spherical bubble swim despite its centrosymmetric shape and time-symmetric motion. The NLC breaks the centrosymmetry by a deformed nematic director field with a topological defect accompanying the bubble. The nematodynamics renders the nonreciprocity in the pulsation-induced fluid flow. We also report speed enhancement by confinement and the propulsion of another symmetry-broken bubble dressed by a bent disclination. Our experiments and theory propose another possible mechanism of moving bodies in complex fluids by spatiotemporal symmetry breaking.
Globally representative evidence on the actual and perceived support for climate action
Authors: Andre Peter , Boneva Teodora , Chopra Felix , Falk Armin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMitigating climate change necessitates global cooperation, yet global data on individuals’ willingness to act remain scarce. In this study, we conducted a representative survey across 125 countries, interviewing nearly 130,000 individuals. Our findings reveal widespread support for climate action. Notably, 69% of the global population expresses a willingness to contribute 1% of their personal income, 86% endorse pro-climate social norms and 89% demand intensified political action. Countries facing heightened vulnerability to climate change show a particularly high willingness to contribute. Despite these encouraging statistics, we document that the world is in a state of pluralistic ignorance, wherein individuals around the globe systematically underestimate the willingness of their fellow citizens to act. This perception gap, combined with individuals showing conditionally cooperative behaviour, poses challenges to further climate action. Therefore, raising awareness about the broad global support for climate action becomes critically important in promoting a unified response to climate change.
The Cabrières Biota (France) provides insights into Ordovician polar ecosystems
Authors: Saleh Farid , Lustri Lorenzo , Gueriau Pierre , Potin Gaëtan J.-M. , Pérez-Peris Francesc , Laibl Lukáš , Jamart Valentin , Vite Antoine , Antcliffe Jonathan B. , Daley Allison C. , Nohejlová Martina , Dupichaud Christophe , Schöder Sebastian , Bérard Emilie , Lynch Sinéad , Drage Harriet B. , Vaucher Romain , Vidal Muriel , Monceret Eric , Monceret Sylvie , Lefebvre Bertrand 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEarly Palaeozoic sites with soft-tissue preservation are predominantly found in Cambrian rocks and tend to capture past tropical and temperate ecosystems. In this study, we describe the diversity and preservation of the Cabrières Biota, a newly discovered Early Ordovician Lagerstätte from Montagne Noire, southern France. The Cabrières Biota showcases a diverse polar assemblage of both biomineralized and soft-bodied organisms predominantly preserved in iron oxides. Echinoderms are extremely scarce, while sponges and algae are abundantly represented. Non-biomineralized arthropod fragments are also preserved, along with faunal elements reminiscent of Cambrian Burgess Shale-type ecosystems, such as armoured lobopodians. The taxonomic diversity observed in the Cabrières Biota mixes Early Ordovician Lagerstätten taxa with Cambrian forms. By potentially being the closest Lagerstätte to the South Pole, the Cabrières Biota probably served as a biotic refuge amid the high-water temperatures of the Early Ordovician, and shows comparable ecological structuring to modern polar communities.
Synthesis of lipid-linked precursors of the bacterial cell wall is governed by a feedback control mechanism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Marmont Lindsey S. , Orta Anna K. , Baileeves Becca W. A. , Sychantha David , Fernández-Galliano Ana , Li Yancheng E. , Greene Neil G. , Corey Robin A. , Stansfeld Phillip J. , Clemons William M. , Bernhardt Thomas G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMany bacterial surface glycans such as the peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall are built from monomeric units linked to a polyprenyl lipid carrier. How this limiting carrier is distributed among competing pathways has remained unclear. Here we describe the isolation of hyperactive variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa MraY, the enzyme that forms the first lipid-linked PG precursor. These variants result in the elevated production of the final PG precursor lipid II in cells and are hyperactive in vitro. The activated MraY variants have substitutions that map to a cavity on the extracellular side of the dimer interface, far from the active site. Our structural and molecular dynamics results suggest that this cavity is a binding site for externalized lipid II. Overall, our results support a model in which excess externalized lipid II allosterically inhibits MraY, providing a feedback mechanism that prevents the sequestration of lipid carrier in the PG biogenesis pathway.
Fabrication and characterization of electrically conducting electrochemically synthesized polypyrrole-based enzymatic biofuel cell anode with biocompatible redox mediator vitamin K3
Authors: Khan Maha , Inamuddin  
Published: February 2024

AbstractEnzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) hold tremendous potential to power biomedical devices, biosensors, and bioelectronics. Unlike conventional toxic batteries, these electrochemical devices are biocompatible, harnessing energy from physiological fluids and producing usable electrical energy. But the commercialization of EBFCs is limited by the low operational stability, limited power output and poor electron transport efficiency of the enzymatic electrodes. In this study, a novel bioanode exhibiting a high electron transfer ability and long-term stability was fabricated. For the preparation of the anode, surfactant-assisted polypyrrole (PPy) was electrochemically co-deposited on a platinum wire with the simultaneous entrapment of vitamin K3 (VK3) and GOx (glucose oxidase) in the PPy matrix. Herein, conducting PPy acts as an electron transfer enhancer and provides appropriate electrical communication between the active site of the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) and the electrode surface. Biocompatible redox mediator vitamin K3 was employed as an electron transfer mediator to shuttle electrons between the oxidized fuel glucose and surface of the electrode in the electrochemical cell. The electrical conductivity of PPy was measured using the four-probe technique of conductivity measurement of semiconductors. The morphological characterization of as-synthesized anode (PPy/CTAB/VK3/GOx) was performed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical characterization was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. It was observed that the room-temperature conductivity of PPy lies in the semiconducting range and it also shows good stability on exposure to laboratory air, making it a promising material to provide electrical contact. The study developed a bioanode producing a modest current density of 6.35 mA cm–2 in 20 mM glucose solution. The stability, current output and ease of manufacturing process of the electrode make it particularly suitable for employment in biofuel cell applications.
Label-free visualization and quantification of the drug-type-dependent response of tumor spheroids by dynamic optical coherence tomography
Authors: Abd El-Sadek Ibrahim , Morishita Rion , Mori Tomoko , Makita Shuichi , Mukherjee Pradipta , Matsusaka Satoshi , Yasuno Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe demonstrate label-free dynamic optical coherence tomography (D-OCT)-based visualization and quantitative assessment of patterns of tumor spheroid response to three anti-cancer drugs. The study involved treating human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7 cell-line) with paclitaxel (PTX), tamoxifen citrate (TAM), and doxorubicin (DOX) at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.1, 1, and 10 µM for 1, 3, and 6 days. In addition, fluorescence microscopy imaging was performed for reference. The D-OCT imaging was performed using a custom-built OCT device. Two algorithms, namely logarithmic intensity variance (LIV) and late OCT correlation decay speed (OCDS$$_l$$

l

) were used to visualize the tissue dynamics. The spheroids treated with 0.1 and 1 µM TAM appeared similar to the control spheroid, whereas those treated with 10 µM TAM had significant structural corruption and decreasing LIV and OCDS$$_l$$

l

over treatment time. The spheroids treated with PTX had decreasing volumes and decrease of LIV and OCDS$$_l$$

l

signals over time at most PTX concentrations. The spheroids treated with DOX had decreasing and increasing volumes over time at DOX concentrations of 1 and 10 µM, respectively. Meanwhile, the LIV and OCDS$$_l$$

l

signals decreased over treatment time at all DOX concentrations. The D-OCT, particularly OCDS$$_l$$

l

, patterns were consistent with the fluorescence microscopic patterns. The diversity in the structural and D-OCT results among the drug types and among the concentrations are explained by the mechanisms of the drugs. The presented results suggest that D-OCT is useful for evaluating the difference in the tumor spheroid response to different drugs and it can be a useful tool for anti-cancer drug testing.
Analysis of the carbon effect of high-standard basic farmland based on the whole life cycle
Authors: Li Xuemei , He Ying , Fu Yanhua , Wang Yajie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBased on the whole life cycle theory, the carbon effect of three different sizes of high-standard basic farmland construction projects is measured and analysed. The results show that the carbon emissions generated during the construction of high-standard basic farmland projects and the carbon absorption capacity at the later stage are different for projects of different sizes. The carbon emissions of different scales of high-standard basic farmland projects will increase during the construction stage. The results of carbon effect changes in the later operation and management stage show that the high-standard basic farmland construction projects will help reduce the carbon emissions of the field ecosystem where the farmland is located and increase its carbon sink capacity after the completion of construction, which is more obvious in larger projects. The emission reduction and carbon sequestration capacity of the farmland after remediation are improved to different degrees, which is more conducive to the ecological development of agricultural production and ecological environmental protection in the relevant areas. The study contributes to the green development of farmland, which is of some significance for the sustainable development of agriculture in Tianjin and the whole country.
Analysis of the factors influencing moderate to poor performance status in patients with cancer after chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study comparing three models
Authors: Xi Ke , Jingping Lin , Yaqing Liu , Xinyuan Yu , Hui Lin , Mei Yang , Qingyue Chen , Dun Liu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere are no models for assessing the factors that determine moderate to poor performance status in patients with cancer after chemotherapy. This study investigated the influencing factors and identified the best model for predicting moderate–poor performance status. A convenience sampling method was used. Demographic and clinical data and evaluation results for fatigue, pain, quality of life and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status were collected three days after the end of chemotherapy. Decision tree, random forest and logistic regression models were constructed. Ninety-four subjects in the case group had moderate to poor performance status, and 365 subjects in the control group had no or mild activity disorders. The random forest model was the most accurate model. Physical function, total protein, general quality of life within one week before chemotherapy, hemoglobin, pain symptoms and globulin were the main factors. Total protein and hemoglobin levels reflect nutritional status, and globulin levels are an index of liver function. Therefore, physical function, nutritional status, general quality of life and pain symptoms within one week before chemotherapy and liver function can be used to predict moderate–poor performance status. Nurses should pay more attention to patients with poor physical function, poor nutritional status, lower quality of life and pain symptoms after chemotherapy.
Development of tight junction-strengthening compounds using a high-throughput screening system to evaluate cell surface-localized claudin-1 in keratinocytes
Authors: Sakamoto Hiroki , Nishikawa Momoyo , Yamada Seigo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTight junctions (TJs) are important factors constituting the physical barriers of the skin, and their suppression has been described in various conditions, such as aged skin and atopic dermatitis lesions. However, the methods for improving skin TJ function remain insufficient. Therefore, to obtain compounds that can improve TJ function, we developed a novel high-throughput screening system termed live-cell immunostaining to evaluate cell surface-localized claudin-1 (CLDN1) with high selectivity using normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Heparinoid and phospho-pyridoxal (p-Pyr), a metabolite of pyridoxine, were identified as hit compounds. In addition, heparinoid was strongly suggested to increase CLDN1 expression by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. By contrast, p-Pyr did not enhance CLDN1 expression, but it accelerated the translocation of CLDN1 to the cell surface. Finally, we confirmed that heparinoid and p-Pyr improved barrier function in NHEKs in a transepithelial electrical resistance assay. In conclusion, heparinoid and p-Pyr could potentially ameliorate skin conditions by improving TJ function.
The safety and efficacy of intra-arterial low-dose tirofiban administration during endovascular therapy in patients with large ischemic core volume
Authors: Cho Kwang-Chun , Son Nak-Hoon , Gwon So Hyeon , Choi Jin Wook , Jung Woo Sang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial (IA) administration of low- dose tirofiban during endovascular therapy in patients with large ischemic core volumes on initial brain CT. Patients were divided into two groups based on the use of IA tirofiban. We identified 87 patients (16 and 71 patients in the tirofiban and no-tirofiban groups, respectively) with acute ischemic stroke due to intracranial artery occlusion who underwent endovascular therapy with a low Alberta Stroke Program Early CT scores (2–5). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed no association between IA tirofiban administration and serious postprocedural hemorrhagic complications (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.720; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.099–5.219; p = 0.960), any radiologic hemorrhage (aOR 0.076; 95% CI 0.003–2.323; p = 0.139), or 3-month mortality (aOR, 0.087; 95% CI 0.005–1.501; p = 0.093). However, IA tirofiban was associated with a lower 90-day mRS score (aOR, 0.197; 95% CI 0.015–1.306; p = 0.017) and change of NIHSS compared with baseline (aOR, 0.698; 95% CI 0.531–0.917; p = 0.010). IA tirofiban administration during endovascular therapy in patients with large ischemic core volumes may be effective and safe.
Impact of pH-adjusted fluoride and stannous solutions on the protective properties on the pellicle layer in vitro and in situ
Authors: Johannes N. , Hertel S. , Stoffel V. , Hannig C. , Basche S. , Schmitt V. , Flemming J. , Hannig M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates the ideal pH for anti-erosion and anti-adherent efficacy of fluoride and stannous solutions (sodium fluoride (SF), amine fluoride (AF), sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP), stannous fluoride (SnF2) with 500 ppm fluoride concentration each and stannous chloride (SnCl2, 1563 ppm stannous)). In vitro, solutions were tested at pH 4.5 and 5.5. The main in situ experiments were carried out at the pH of 4.5: For pellicle formation 6 volunteers wore bovine enamel slabs intraorally for 1 min, rinsed with 8 ml solution for 1 min and continued for up to 30 min/8 h. Physiological pellicle samples served as controls. After incubation in HCl (2.0, 2.3) for 2 min mineral release was determined photometrically. Bacterial counts on 8 h biofilms were determined by fluorescence microscopy (BacLight™ and DAPI with Concanavalin A). Modification of the pellicle ultrastructure was examined by TEM. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney-U tests with Bonferroni-correction (p < 0.05). SnF2 showed a significant erosion protection. AF, SnF2, and SnCl2 were most anti-adherent. SnF2 and SnCl2 caused a pronounced basal pellicle with stannous precipitates. Compared to other fluoride monosubstances, stannous ions offer greater protection against erosive acidic attacks. Stannous ions act as crucial co-factor in this process.
Correlations of SDF-1ɑ and XRCC1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of renal cancer development and bioinformatics studies of SDF-1α and XRCC1 and the prognosis of renal cancer
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Su Yubo , Yue Genquan , Zhao Lingyan , Li Hailing , Jia Min , Wang Yuqi , Liu Dongyang , Wang Haisheng , Gao Yumin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo study the relationships between stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1ɑ) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) susceptibility and the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human X-ray cross-complementary repair gene (XRCC1). Compare SDF-1 based on RCC related data in the TCGA database α, The expression difference of XRCC1 between RCC tissue and normal tissue; Collect 166 newly diagnosed RCC cases and 166 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period, and detect genotype using iMLDR method. The results The rs1801157 locus (C:T) of the SDF-1α gene was not significantly associated with the pathohistological type, the rs1799782 locus (G:A) of the XRCC1 gene was associated with the pathohistological type of RCC, and there were interactions between rs1799782 and smoking, alcohol consumption, pesticide exposure, hair dye, and urine holding. The rs1799782 locus of the XRCC1 gene may be a key factor in the pathogenesis and pathological development of RCC. High SDF-1ɑ expression is a protective factor for the overall survival of patients with RCC, and SDF-1ɑ and XRCC1 may be important for the treatment of RCC.
Multi-omics analysis of a fatty liver model using human hepatocyte chimeric mice
Authors: Ichikawa Akemi , Miki Daiki , Hayes C. Nelson , Teraoka Yuji , Nakahara Hikaru , Tateno Chise , Ishida Yuji , Chayama Kazuaki , Oka Shiro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe developed a fatty liver mouse model using human hepatocyte chimeric mice. As transplanted human hepatocytes do not respond to mouse growth hormone (GH) and tend to accumulate fat, we hypothesized that addition of human GH would alter lipid metabolism and reduce accumulation of fat in the liver even when fed a high-fat diet. Six uPA/SCID chimeric mice were fed a high-fat GAN diet to induce fatty liver while six were fed a normal CRF1 diet, and GH was administered to three mice in each group. The mice were euthanized at 8 weeks, and human hepatocytes were extracted for RNA-Seq, DIA proteomics, and metabolomics analysis. Abdominal echocardiography revealed that the degree of fatty liver increased significantly in mice fed GAN diet (p < 0.001) and decreased significantly in mice treated with GH (p = 0.026). Weighted gene correlation network analysis identified IGF1 and SEMA7A as eigengenes. Administration of GH significantly reduced triglyceride levels and was strongly associated with metabolism of amino acids. MiBiOmics analysis identified perilipin-2 as a co-inertia driver. Results from multi-omics analysis revealed distinct gene expression and protein/metabolite profiles in each treatment group when mice were fed a high-fat or normal diet with or without administration of GH.