bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arctic curves of the four-vertex model
Authors: Burenev I N , Colomo F , Maroncelli A , Pronko A G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We consider the four-vertex model with a special choice of fixed boundary conditions giving rise to limit shape phenomena. More generally, the considered boundary conditions relate vertex models to scalar products of off-shell Bethe states, boxed plane partitions, and fishnet diagrams in quantum field theory. In the scaling limit, the model exhibits the emergence of an arctic curve separating a central disordered region from six frozen ‘corners’ of ferroelectric or anti-ferroelectric type. We determine the analytic expression of the interface by means of the Tangent Method. We supplement this heuristic method with an alternative, rigorous derivation of the arctic curve. This is based on the exact evaluation of suitable correlation functions, devised to detect spatial transition from order to disorder, in terms of the partition function of some discrete log-gas associated to the orthogonalizing measure of the Hahn polynomials. As a by-product, we also deduce that the arctic curve’s fluctuations are governed by the Tracy–Widom distribution.
Inflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate in nonasthmatic children with food allergy
Authors: Yilmaz Ozge , Tunca Seda , Yasar Adem , Ocalan Merve , Taneli Fatma , Yuksel Hasan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Allergy is a systemic inflammation; therefore, although the allergic symptom may be seen in a specific organ system, the effects of this inflammation may be seen in other organs. interleukin (IL) IL4, IL5 and IL13 are the major Th2 cytokines and e-cadherin is an epithelial barrier protein. The objective of this research was to assess indicators of inflammation specific to Th2 responses and proteins related to the protective barrier of the airway’s inner lining. These assessments were conducted using exhaled breath condensate (EBC), which provides insights into peripheral airway conditions of children suffering from food allergies. The study had 24 patients with food allergy and 24 control individuals younger than three years of age with no history of food reaction. The diagnosis of food allergy was based on food allergen-specific IgE and skin prick test positivity in our clinic and oral food testing in selected cases. EBC samples were obtained by Ecoscreen (Jaegar, Hoechberg, Germany). IL4, IL5, IL13 and E-cadherin levels were measured in these samples by enzyme linked immunoassay. The group of children with food allergies, consisting mainly of 14 girls, had a median age of 16 months, whereas the control group, which included 11 girls, had a median age of 15 months (p = 0.89). Comparing the two groups, children with food allergies exhibited notably lower levels of IL-13 in the EBC compared to the control group (median values of 59.14 and 76.36, respectively, p = 0.02). Conversely, the concentration of IL-4 in the EBC was significantly higher in children with food allergies (median values of 1.94 and 1.29, respectively, p = 0.003). However, the levels of IL-5 and e-cadherin showed no significant differences between the two groups (with p-values of 0.74 and 0.09, respectively) as shown in table 1. High level of IL-4 despite the low level of IL-13 in the EBC of children having food allergy may be indicative of an early inflammatory phase that is not yet in the effector phase. Studies about the evolution of this process later in life are needed to assess the role of airway inflammation in children with food allergy who develop asthma.
Assessment of the mild steel corrosion inhibition competence of Garcinia gummi-gutta leaf extract: Evaluation by XPS, thermodynamic, and kinetic parameters
Authors: Shamnamol G K , John Sam , Jacob Jaya Mary 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Owing to the high economic and environmental concerns, nowadays scientists have taken much attention to mitigate corrosion. The effectiveness of Garcinia gummi-gutta leaf extract (GGLE) at inhibiting corrosion on mild steel in 1 M HCl was examined in the current study using a weight loss strategy. The GGLE concentration was changed from 100 to 6000 ppm, and the results show that expanding the inhibitor concentration increased the efficacy of corrosion inhibition. At 6000 ppm concentration and 30°C, the maximum inhibitory efficiency was 82.2%; this efficiency decreases as temperature increases. The mechanism of sorption was deliberated by means of different adsorption isotherm and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model holds good for elucidating the adsorption mechanism. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were estimated to depict the corrosion process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was also used to confirm the development of a coating of inhibitor fragments that protect the metal surface.
Effect of Dolomite and Metakaolin on the Properties of High-Performance Concrete
Authors: Saji Sonu , Unnikrishnan S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cement is one of the extensively used civil engineering material in the construction industry due to its strength characteristics. The use of cement-based materials and the development of infrastructure are rapidly increasing. The production of cement in large quantity leads to environmental degradation and emission of CO2. For making the construction process in more sustainable way, the pursuit for new binders has started and stimulated innovative opportunities to use industrial by product as binders. This paper studies the effect of dolomite and metakaolin on the properties of high-performance concrete. For the study, M70 grade of concrete taken and optimum percentage of metakaolin found out by replacing cement by metakaolin in varying percentages of 10%, 20% and 30%. Effect of metakaolin and dolomite in high performance concrete is found out by replacing cement by dolomite in varying percentages of 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% and obtained optimum percentage of metakaolin. Properties such as fresh, mechanical, and loading behavior of RCC beam were found out. To study the cost effectiveness of using metakaolin and dolomite in high performance concrete, cost analysis was carried out. The test results reveals that the compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength for a curing period of 28 days shows an increase of 4.99%,15.78% and 5.89% respectively. Flexural behavior of RCC beam with optimum percentage shows an increase of 23.8 % compared to the control beam. Cost of saving of cement by using metakaolin and dolomite is about 10% and it can be used as an alternative of cement economically.
Numerical Investigation on Impact of Wind Loading on High Rise Structure Using Ansys
Authors: Lal Aparna B , Anil Adwaith J , Sivasankar S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In modern architecture, irregular geometries have become increasingly popular. However, when designing tall buildings, it is crucial to consider the impact of wind loads, which can cause dangerous torsion if the plan geometry is irregular. To properly assess wind loads, it is necessary to analyse them during the design process. One way to mitigate wind loads is through aerodynamic modifications. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different aerodynamic modifications on various shaped models using computational fluid dynamics simulation software called ANSYS. The modifications include chamfered and recessed corners, as well as Y-shaped and tapering forms. The study examines coefficients of drag and lift, as well as the dynamic behaviour of the models. Material changes are also evaluated. The findings highlight the importance of considering wind loading in the design and analysis of high-rise structures. Ultimately, this research can help improve the safety and design of high-rise buildings located in areas prone to high wind speeds.
The Changes in the Physico-chemical parameters of a waterbody-A Case Study of Brari Nambal Lagoon, Kashmir Valley
Authors: Bhat Fahad Shahriyar , Vaid Upma 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the water quality of the Brari Nambal lagoon located in Srinagar city of Kashmir valley. To undertake this study, analysis of physicochemical parameters was carried out at three sampling sites during the winter season of 2022. These results were compared with the data of 2010, 2013, 2016, and 2019 for the same season to determine the changes that have occurred within this time frame. Comparative analysis of data revealed that TP, –PO4
-3, NH4-N, NO-
3N and TDS levels have been increased from 2010 to 2022. Further, the data related to physicochemical parameters was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation method. Water quality of the lagoon was also examined based on the water quality index. Based on current experimental analysis, it is evident that this lagoon is being impacted by increased human activities in its surrounding area, leading to increased urban intensification. This, in turn, affects the overall hydrochemistry of the lagoon. The flexibility to address these issues within the lagoon’s ecosystem can be maintained until external management strategies are implemented to strengthen its natural balance. Implementing specific remedial measures is crucial for the effective management of the lake and the preservation of its natural quality, provided they are executed correctly.
Analyzing the Effect of Air Pollutants on Particulate Matter Concentrations of the Tropical coastal city of Thiruvananthapuram, India by Wavelet Coherence
Authors: Aiswarya R , Resmi A R , Rahsha C T , Dharman Sona , Adarsh S , Mamatha M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The main environmental risk factor that need regular monitoring and analysis for efficient air quality management is particulate matter (PM). This paper analyzes the effect of gaseous air pollutants (SO2, CO, Ozone, NOx) on PM concentration in the coastal city of Thiruvananthapuram, India using Wavelet coherence (WTC). The study was conducted using the data from Plammoodu station of the city for the period of 2018 to 2021. The teleconnections of air pollutants with PMs are analysed using WTC for the data of different time spells of 2018-2021, 2018 and 2020. Results showed that among the air pollutants, Ozone (AWC of 0.4713 & PoSC of 23.0234 for PM10, AWC of 0.4814 & PoSC of 26.2261 for PM2.5) have most dominant influence on irrespective of the particulate matter type and time spells. The secondary influencing factors were found to be different with respect to the time spells chosen, indicating the dynamics of local variables on PM concentrations of the city.
Green synthesis of ZnONps using Horse gram seed aqueous extract and its in vitro evaluation on antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer and DNA binding potential
Authors: Sudha S , Mary Saral A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The goal of this study was to access the green production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (G-ZnO NPs) using aqueous extract of horse gram seeds (Macrotyloma Uniflorum). The precursor to the extract ratio (2.5:1) and pH value (8.5), along with the zinc nitrate concentration (0.5 M), had an impact on the particle size and the green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. UV Spectroscopy inspection revealed formation of G-ZnO NPs with absorption at 320 nm which is the characteristic absorption of G-ZnO NPs. FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX and TEM were used to characterize the green synthesized ZnO NPs. The findings demonstrated that the presence of secondary metabolites in the seed extractstabilize and contribute in the production of G-ZnO NPs. A dose-dependent increase in antibacterial activity was seen in evaluation of these NPs against Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antioxidant activity and antidiabetic activity for G-ZnO NPs was also noted to be concentration dependent. The synthesized nanoparticles are found to interact with CT-DNA to produce a hypochromic shift. Further the studies on the G-ZnONPs in MCF-7 cells using the MTT test demonstrated greater cellular inhibition. The results validate that the green synthesized ZnO-NPs from horse gram seed possess good biological activities and can be an excellent biologically derived potential material which could be used in the drug discovery from natural products.
Effects of sputtering pressure and annealing temperature on the characteristics of indium selenide thin films
Authors: Zhu Xinfeng , Liu Xuechao , Zheng Quan , Wang Hao , Zhang Minghui , Pan Xiuhong , Tang Meibo , Jin Min 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Indium selenide is a significant two-dimensional lamellar semiconductor with excellent physical properties whose enormous potential utilization in optoelectronic devices has been practically hindered by the lack of suitable thin film deposition techniques. Herein, γ-In2Se3 thin films were successfully fabricated from an InSe-target via magnetron sputtering combined with subsequent annealing process. The effects of sputtering pressure and annealing temperature on the characteristics of as-deposited thin films were investigated. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns reveal that the pristine thin films are amorphous in nature, whereas transform into polycrystalline and are identified as γ-In2Se3 phase after annealing treatment. The growth mechanism of as-deposited layers combines a two-dimensional lateral growth and a three-dimensional island growth. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images indicate that all the samples show uniform and compact structures with no evident holes and crevices. The UV–vis-NIR spectrophotometer was employed to measure the optical transmittance and band gap of the synthesized thin films. The results show an obvious decrease in the band gap from 2.56 eV to 1.88 eV with annealing temperature increased from 400 °C to 600 °C, respectively. In addition, the difficult reasons for preparing monophase InSe thin films by magnetron sputtering method were discussed. These intriguing findings in this study may shed light on the growth of indium selenide thin films with well-crystallized and high quality.
Larger corpus callosum volume is favorable for theory of mind development in healthy children
Authors: Mandl Sophie , Kienast Patric , Kollndorfer Kathrin , Kasprian Gregor , Weber Michael , Seidl Rainer , Bartha-Doering Lisa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
While previous research has demonstrated a link between the corpus callosum (CC) and theory of mind (ToM) abilities in individuals with corpus callosum agenesis (ACC), the relationship between CC volume and ToM remains unclear in healthy children. The present study examined whether CC volume influences children’s performance on ToM tasks that assess their understanding of pretense, emotion recognition, and false beliefs. Forty children aged 6–12 years underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a cognitive test battery. We found that larger mid-anterior and central subsections of the CC significantly correlated with better ToM abilities. We could also demonstrate age- and sex-related effects, as the CC–ToM relationship differed between younger (6–8 years) and older (9–12 years) children, and between female and male participants. Importantly, the older children drove the association between the CC mid-anterior and central subsection volumes and ToM abilities. This study is the first to demonstrate that CC size is associated with ToM abilities in healthy children, underlining the idea that the CC plays a vital role in their socio-cognitive development. CC subsection volumes may thus not only serve as a measure of heterogeneity in neurodevelopmental populations known to exhibit socio-cognitive deficits, but also in typically developing children.
Can infrastructure help ‘left behind’ places ‘catch up?’ Theorizing the role of built infrastructure in regional development
Authors: Gansauer Grete , Haggerty Julia H , Smith Kristin K , Haggerty Mark N , Roemer Kelli F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The application of infrastructure as a regional development tool in resource peripheries has received little direct inquiry in both policy and scholarly debates. This article synthesizes theoretical and empirical directions across economic geography, regional studies and critical infrastructure studies to form a research agenda for investigating the role of built infrastructure in the development of ‘left behind’ peripheral regions in the USA. We argue that infrastructural systems’ material, social, fiscal and political dimensions potentially deepen rather than mitigate structural ‘left behind-ness’. Future research and policy design must account for such dynamics if infrastructure interventions are to prove generative for regional development.
Experimental evidence that network topology can accelerate the spread of beneficial mutations
Authors: Chakraborty Partha Pratim , Nemzer Louis R , Kassen Rees 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Whether and how the spatial arrangement of a population influences adaptive evolution has puzzled evolutionary biologists. Theoretical models make conflicting predictions about the probability that a beneficial mutation will become fixed in a population for certain topologies like stars, in which “leaf” populations are connected through a central “hub.” To date, these predictions have not been evaluated under realistic experimental conditions. Here, we test the prediction that topology can change the dynamics of fixation both in vitro and in silico by tracking the frequency of a beneficial mutant under positive selection as it spreads through networks of different topologies. Our results provide empirical support that meta-population topology can increase the likelihood that a beneficial mutation spreads, broaden the conditions under which this phenomenon is thought to occur, and points the way toward using network topology to amplify the effects of weakly favored mutations under directed evolution in industrial applications.
Predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Okekunle Akinkunmi Paul , Youn Jiyoung , Song Sihan , Chung Goh Eun , Yang Sun Young , Kim Young Sun , Lee Jung Eun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major contributor to liver diseases globally, yet there are limited studies investigating the impact of diet and lifestyle factors on its development. This study aimed to examine the association between the prevalence of NAFLD and predicted pro-inflammatory high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) score.

Methods
We included 1,076 Korean adults who underwent a medical examination at the Seoul National University Hospital Gangnam Healthcare Center in Korea between May and December 2011 and updated in 2021. The predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score was derived from pro-inflammatory demographic, lifestyle, dietary, and anthropometric factors, and NAFLD was diagnosed using liver ultrasound. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NAFLD odds according to predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score were estimated using logistic regression at a two-sided P &lt; 0.05.

Results
Among the 1,076 participants, 320 had NAFLD. The multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for NAFLD by tertiles of predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score were 1.00, 3.30 (2.06, 5.30), 18.25 (10.47, 31.81; P &lt; 0.0001) in men and women combined, 1.00, 1.77 (1.10, 2.84), and 3.26 (2.02, 5.28; P &lt; 0.0001) among men only, and 1.00, 3.03 (1.39, 6.62), and 16.71 (7.05, 39.63; P &lt; 0.0001) among women only.

Conclusions
Predicted pro-inflammatory hs-CRP score was associated with higher odds of NAFLD. Adopting dietary and lifestyle changes related to lower inflammation might be a valuable strategy for preventing NAFLD.
Novel insight into the etiology of ischemic stroke gained by integrative multiome-wide association study
Authors: Jung Junghyun , Lu Zeyun , de Smith Adam , Mancuso Nicholas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Stroke, characterized by sudden neurological deficits, is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified many genomic regions associated with ischemic stroke (IS), the genes underlying risk and their regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we integrate a large-scale GWAS (N = 1 296 908) for IS together with molecular QTLs data, including mRNA, splicing, enhancer RNA (eRNA), and protein expression data from up to 50 tissues (total N = 11 588). We identify 136 genes/eRNA/proteins associated with IS risk across 60 independent genomic regions and find IS risk is most enriched for eQTLs in arterial and brain-related tissues. Focusing on IS-relevant tissues, we prioritize 9 genes/proteins using probabilistic fine-mapping TWAS analyses. In addition, we discover that blood cell traits, particularly reticulocyte cells, have shared genetic contributions with IS using TWAS-based pheWAS and genetic correlation analysis. Lastly, we integrate our findings with a large-scale pharmacological database and identify a secondary bile acid, deoxycholic acid, as a potential therapeutic component. Our work highlights IS risk genes/splicing-sites/enhancer activity/proteins with their phenotypic consequences using relevant tissues as well as identify potential therapeutic candidates for IS.
Civil War Mediation and the Conflict Environment: Does Regional Instability Influence the Onset of Mediation?
Authors: Reid Lindsay , Kadera Kelly M , Crescenzi Mark J C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hostile regional environments can spur civil war at home. Do they also affect mediation in a state’s ongoing civil war? We hypothesize they do, but in ways that produce competing effects: Third parties hesitate to offer mediation in a conflictual environment, but hostile environments also make disputants more amenable to mediation. We test these diverging expectations using a measure of conflict environments that aggregates spatially and temporally proximate civil war in a state’s neighborhood. Our empirical analyses reveal that third parties are significantly less likely to offer mediation as exogenous factors mount, a finding that holds even for third parties who have historic or security linkages to the civil war state. However, we find limited evidence that disputants’ decisions to accept mediation are driven by regional security concerns. Instead, local conflict conditions present more pressing concerns that drive disputants to accept offers to mediate. Taken together, the findings suggest potential mediators should pay attention to both a civil war state’s regional environment and local conditions, lest they underestimate disputants’ willingness to come to the table. Our work newly underscores the costs and risks associated with conflict hot spots and the risk for certain conflicts to be bypassed by peace brokers.
The possibility of spreading herpes simplex virus type 1 via food handling and sharing
Authors: Pageau Gabrielle , Levasseur Marianne , Paniconi Teresa , Jubinville Eric , Goulet-Beaulieu Valérie , Boivin Guy , Jean Julie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aims
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is an enveloped virus that causes recurrent and incurable diseases in 67% of the world population. Although it is not listed as a foodborne virus, some studies have shown that it can be recovered from surfaces as well as food.

Methods and results
We investigated its persistence at −20°C, 4°C, 20°C, or 37°C for up to 7 days on stainless steel, aluminum, glass, polypropylene, cheddar cheese, sliced almond, and apple skin and in cola soft drink, orange juice, coffee, and milk, as well as its transferability from stainless steel to dry or moistened nitrile or latex gloves over time at typical ambient temperatures. Based on the plaque assay on Vero cells, HSV-1 persisted at least 24 h on all surfaces and at least 1 h on food matrices but was inactivated quickly in cola soft drink. Temperature and pH affected HSV-1 infectivity. Transfer of HSV-1 at a contact pressure of 1 kg cm2-1 for 10 s occurred only on latex, especially moistened.

Conclusions
Our data on the persistence of HSV-1 on food-related surfaces suggest that some risk may be associated with sharing foods with infected carriers.