bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Pediatric Health Professionals in Promoting Equity and Child Development
Authors: Yeh Joannie 
Published: October 2023

There are different approaches to talking with children and adolescents about racism and how factors such as access to health care, education, economic stability, and a healthy environment affect them and the people around them. These factors, referred to as social determinants of health, are greatly influenced by racism. Families may not always know how to begin the conversation or to help their child or adolescent understand and process their feelings when they encounter discrimination. Pediatric health professionals can provide parents and caregivers with age-appropriate and factual resources to offer advice on managing personally mediated and observed racism, tips on discussing stories in the media or incidents at school and in the community, and suggested resources for further learning.
Keywords: development, prevention, anticipatory guidance
Helping Minoritized Youth Resist Racism
Authors: Ward Janie Victoria 
Published: October 2023

Pediatric health professionals, particularly school health service professionals (ie, school nurses, pediatricians, and school counselors), play an essential role in helping students stay healthy and reach their academic potential. Because racism is a risk factor in child development, all pediatric health professionals must understand how racial and ethnic protective factors support the psychosocial development of youth from racially and ethnically minoritized populations and reduce the harmful effects of racial bias and discrimination.
Keywords: racial socialization, racism, resistance
How Adults Can Promote Positive Racial and Ethnic Identities in the Context of Structural Racism
Authors: Hughes Diane L. , Adams-Bass Valerie N. 
Published: October 2023

The 21st century has been marked by broad recognition of historical and contemporary racism against people of color in almost every aspect of American life, including where people live, how much they earn, their health status, which schools they attend, and what access they have to opportunities. As more individuals and institutions acknowledge structural racism and discrimination, adults who care for youth need information about how youth react to these phenomena and need strategies to help youth navigate and dismantle persistent racial injustice and inequality. Developmental science offers evidence-based knowledge in this realm. Parents and caregivers, pediatric health professionals, and others can look to racial socialization research to identify effective strategies to ground guidance for supporting youth as they navigate the challenges of racism in the United States.
Keywords: racial and ethnic socialization, youth of color, racial learning
The Intersection of Race, Sexuality, and Gender Identity During Adolescence
Authors: Dowshen Nadia , Sanders Renata Arrington 
Published: October 2023

Adolescence, the transition period from childhood to adulthood, is a time for youth to gain independence and establish a secure identity. Progression occurs through cognitive, psychosocial, and emotional maturation, including advanced reasoning and abstract thinking, identity formation, and self-regulation. Adolescents may formulate multiple social identities (eg, racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender) during adolescence. This confluence of identities is known as intersectionality. Understanding the components of intersecting identities (eg, racial centrality, religiosity and spirituality, and social support) can offer protection, foster resilience, and, sometimes, buffer the adverse effects existing within multiple marginalized identities.
Keywords: intersectionality, gender, minority stress
Behind the scenes: Impact of virtual backgrounds in educational videos on visual processing and learning outcomes
Authors: Catrysse Leen , Kerckhoffs Andrienne , Jarodzka Halszka 
Published: October 2023

The increasing use of instructional videos in educational settings has emphasized the need for a deeper understanding of their design requirements. This study investigates the impact of virtual backgrounds in educational videos on students' visual information processing and learning outcomes. Participants aged 14-17 (N=47) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a video with a neutral, authentic, or off-topic background. Their prior knowledge and working memory capacity (WMC) were measured before watching the video, and eye tracking data was collected during the viewing. Learning outcomes and student experiences were assessed after viewing. The eye tracking data revealed that a neutral background was the least distracting, allowing students to pay better attention to relevant parts of the video. Students found the off-topic background most distracting, but the negative effect on learning outcomes was not statistically significant. In contrast to expectations, no positive effect was observed for the authentic background. Furthermore, WMC had a significant impact on visual information processing and learning outcomes. These findings suggest that educators should consider using neutral backgrounds in educational videos, particularly for learners with lower WMC. Consequently, this research underscores the significance of careful design considerations in the creation of instructional videos.
Formulation and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potential of Glycerosomes Containing Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale Extracts
Authors: Kiran Thakur, Dr. Sanjay Kumar, Dr. Anjana Devi  
Published: October 2023

The aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of A. sativum and Z. officinalis extracts mediated glycerosomes formulation by thin film of lipid hydration method. The water content present in the A. sativum and Z. officinale was 42.3 and 27.2 % respectively. The yield of A. sativum and Z. officinale extract using ethanol as solvent through the Soxhlation process was found to be 4.7 ± 1.05 and 12.7 ± 1.108 % respectively. The crude drug of A. sativum and Z. officinale showed foreign organic was found to be 0.2 and 0.21 % and volatile oil was found to be 1.8 and 2.4 % only. The ash study revealed that total, acid-insoluble, water-soluble, and sulfated ash values were for the crude drugs of A. sativum and Z. officinale. The ethanol extracts showed maximum extractive yield. The phytochemicals detected in A. sativum bulb ethanol extract are Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Cardiac glycosides, Phenols, Sterols, Triterpenoids, Saponins, Flavonoids, and Fixed oils and in Z. officinale rhizome ethanol extract are Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Cardiac glycosides, Anthraquinone glycosides, Proteins and Amino acids, Triterpenoids, Saponins, Flavonoid, and Fixed oils. The prepared glycerosome was spherical with a slightly irregular shape. The negative potential of glycerosomes demonstrates the greater stability of the vesicular dispersion. The ASEE glycerosome formulations (F1 and F2) exhibited better antibacterial activity and greater antifungal activity against the gram-negative bacteria in comparison with the ZOEE glycerosome formulations (F3 and F4). The present research work strongly concluded that the A. sativum and Z. officinale and their glycerosome formulations are good candidate drugs and formulations for the safe and effective treatment of microbial infections
Self-regulation of audit activity: current state and development prospects
Authors: Sobol O. S. 
Published: October 2023

The proposed article discusses the current state and further development of the institution of audit self-regulation. The features of the system of regulation of audit activity are indicated, which, taking into account world experience, is based on a combination of regulation carried out by the Ministry of Finance of Russia, the Bank of Russia, with a self-regulation mechanism by the professional community of auditors. The features of the legal status of the self-regulatory organization of auditors are determined from the standpoint of its special functions, rights and obligations. In accordance with the legislation on audit activity, the governing bodies and specialized bodies of the self-regulatory organization of auditors, including the Committee of audit organizations in the financial market, are characterized. The provisions on the control powers of the Ministry of Finance of Russia for self-regulatory organizations are outlined. Attention is paid to assessing the real state of audit self-regulation, taking into account the negative trends that can be traced today in the field of audit self-regulation. The prospects for the development of self-regulation as “the main institution of the audit profession”, which will significantly reduce the negative trends of the current period of audit selfregulation, are determined.
On the right of the taxpayer not to comply with unlawful acts and requirements of tax authorities: problems of theory and practice
Authors: Yadrikhinskiy S. A. 
Published: October 2023

The subject of the study is a little-studied issue in the theory of tax law related to the implementation of the taxpayer’s subjective right to selfdefense. The article analyzes the law enforcement practice that reflects the problems of implementing this right. The author describes his own experience of non-compliance with illegal requirements of tax officials and related legal consequences. The author reveals a legal paradox and a conflict: on the one hand, the taxpayer’s ability to respond quickly to violations committed against him, on the other hand, the presumption of legality of actions and acts of tax officials. The author substantiates the idea that this right of the taxpayer is not supported by any guarantees. It is concluded that the taxpayer’s legal capacity to prevent illegal acts and actions of public authorities is illusory. The author’s personal observations are used as evidence. There is a need for explanations from the higher judicial authorities on the procedure and form of unhindered use of the right not to comply with illegal acts and requirements of tax authorities and their officials.
Legal regulation of the application of benefits on mandatory payments by individual subjects of financial law
Authors: Boltinova O. V. , Sorokin A. A. 
Published: October 2023

Issues related to tax benefits are an integral part of the stimulus function of taxes. The article is devoted to the analysis of doctrinal definitions of “tax exemption”, correlation of this concept with the term tax preference. The article provides a classification of tax benefits with practical examples. For the purposes of the research the authors consider various approaches to definition of a “tax benefit”, the norms and law-enforcement practice substantiating differentiation of the mentioned concept and the term “tax preference” are investigated. A separate consideration of the provisions on taxation of innovative activities and IT-companies. In addition, the authors formulated a proposal to improve the legislation in this area.
Combination Therapy with Enalapril and Paricalcitol Ameliorates Streptozotocin Diabetes-Induced Testicular Dysfunction in Rats via Mitigation of Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Elsaeed Magdy Y. , Mehanna Osama Mahmoud , Abd-Allah Ezz-Eldin El-Sharkawy , Hassan Mohamed G. M. , Ahmed Walid Mostafa Said , Moustafa Abd El Ghany , Eldesoky Gaber E. , Hammad Amal Mahmoud , Elgazzar Usama Bahgat , Elnady Mohamed Ramadn , AbdAllah Fatma , Shipl Walaa Mohammed , Amer Ahmed Elsayed , Younes Amr Mohamed , Magar Mostafa Rizk , Abbas Mohamed Ali Mahmoud , Elhamaky Kkaled Saleh Ali , Hassan Mohammed Hussien Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

Background: As the impacts of diabetes-induced reproductive damage are now evident in young people, we are now in an urgent need to devise new ways to protect and enhance the reproductive health of diabetic people. The purpose of this study was to assess the protective impact of enalapril (an ACE inhibitor) and paricalcitol (a vitamin D analogue) alone and in combination, on streptozotocin (STZ) diabetes-induced testicular dysfunction in rats.
Material and methods: This study was carried on 50 male Sprague-Dawley rats; 10 normal rats were allocated as non-diabetic control group. 40 rats developed diabetes after receiving a single dose of STZ, then the diabetic rats were divided into four groups of equivalent number assigned as diabetic control, enalapril treated, paricalcitol treated, in addition to combined enalapril and paricalcitol treated groups. The effects of mono and combined therapy with paricalcitol and enalapril on testicular functions, sperm activity, glycemic state oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters as well as histopathological examination were assessed when compared to the normal and diabetic control rats.
Results: As a result of diabetes induction, epididymal sperm count, sperm motility, serum levels of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) as well as luteinizing hormone (LH) and the antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly decreased, while abnormal sperm (%), insulin resistance, nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly increased, along with sever distortion of testicular structure. Interestingly, treatment with paricalcitol and enalapril either alone or in combination significantly improved the sperm parameters, increased antioxidant enzyme activities in addition to serum levels of testosterone, FSH and LH, reduced insulin resistance, IL-6 and TNF-α levels and finally ameliorated the diabetes-induced testicular oxidative stress and histopathological damage with somewhat superior effect for paricalcitol monotherapy and combined therapy with both drugs than monotherapy with enalapril alone.
Conclusion: Monotherapy with paricalcitol and its combination therapy with enalapril has a somewhat superior effect in improving the diabetes-induced testicular dysfunction (most probably as a result of their hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties), than monotherapy with enalapril alone in male rats, recommending a synergistic impact of both drugs.
Guided Deep Learning Manifold Linearization of Porous Media Flow Equations
Authors: Dall’Aqua Marcelo J. , Coutinho Emilio J. R. , Gildin Eduardo , Guo Zhenyu , Zalavadia Hardik , Sankaran Sathish 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Integrated reservoir studies for performance prediction and decision-making processes are computationally expensive. In this paper, we develop a novel linearization approach to reduce the computational burden of intensive reservoir simulation execution. We achieve this by introducing two novel components: (1) augmention of the state-space to yield a bilinear system and (2) an autoencoder based on a deep neural network to linearize physics reservoir equations in a reduced manifold using a Koopman operator. Recognizing that reservoir simulators execute expensive Newton-Raphson iterations after each timestep to solve the nonlinearities of the physical model, we propose “lifting” the physics to a more amenable manifold where the model behaves close to a linear system, similar to the Koopman theory, thus avoiding the iteration step. We use autoencoder deep neural networks with specific loss functions and structure to transform the nonlinear equation and frame it as a bilinear system with constant matrices over time. In such a way, it forces the states (pressures and saturations) to evolve in time by simple matrix multiplications in the lifted manifold. We also adopt a “guided” training approach, which is performed in three steps: (1) We initially train the autoencoder, (2) then we use a “conventional” model order reduction (MOR) as an initializer for the final (3) full training, when we use reservoir knowledge to improve and to lead the results to physically meaningful output.
Many simulation studies exhibit extremely nonlinear and multiscale behavior, which can be difficult to model and control. Koopman operators can be shown to represent any dynamical system through linear dynamics. We applied this new framework to a 2D two-phase (oil and water) reservoir subject to a waterflooding plan with three wells (one injector and two producers) with speedups around 100 times faster and accuracy in the order of 1% to 3% on the pressure and saturation predictions. It is worthwhile noting that this method is a nonintrusive data-driven method because it does not need access to the reservoir simulation internal structure; thus, it is easily applied to commercial reservoir simulators and is also extendable to other studies. In addition, an extra benefit of this framework is to enable the plethora of well-developed tools for MOR of linear systems. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work that uses the Koopman operator for linearizing the system with controls. As with any MOR method, this can be directly applied to a well-control optimization problem and well-placement studies with low computational cost in the prediction step and good accuracy.
Gold-catalyzed C3-H functionalization of quinoline N-oxides
Authors: Xia Zhonghua , Wu Jiawen , Li Dinghua , Yang Rongjie , Zhao Fen , Zhong Yu , Fan Baomin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Site-selective C-H functionalization of quinolines provides a direct way for the rapid construction and derivatization of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other biologically active compounds. Here we present a gold-catalyzed highly selective and redox-neutral C3-H functionalization of quinoline N-oxides, with indoles and tertiary anilines as nucleophiles for C-C coupling, while primary and secondary anilines give C-N coupling products. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies suggest that the gold-catalyzed C3-H functionalization of quinoline N-oxides undergoes C2-auration and subsequent concerted C3 nucleophilic addition.
β-catenin-regulated Sumoylation modification of LKB1 and fatty acid metabolism is critical in renal fibrosis
Authors: Zhou Lili , Chen Shuangqin , Zhang Meijia , Liu Sirui , Li Jiemei , Wang HaoRan , Song Shicong , Hou Xiaotao , Liu Canzhen , Wu Qinyu , Zhu Mingsheng , Shen Weiwei , Miao Jinhua , Hou Fan Fan , Liu Youhua , wang cheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is in high prevalence all over the world. Renal fibrosis is the common feature in all kinds of CKD. However, the underlying mechanisms of renal fibrosis are still poorly understood. Fatty acid metabolism is a key pathway to supply energy to tubular cells. However, the regulatory machinery has not been fully investigated. In this study, we found the inhibition of fatty acid metabolism in renal tubular epithelial cells, which positively correlated with renal fibrosis. LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway was also inhibited. Interestingly, we found β-catenin blocked LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway through inhibition of Sumoylation of LKB1. Notably, we also found Sumo3 plays a decisive role in the Sumoylation modification of LKB1. Gene ablation of β-catenin in tubular cells (Ksp-β-catenin−/−) greatly upregulated LKB1-AMPK signaling, restored fatty acid metabolism, and ameliorated renal fibrosis. Overexpression of Sumo3 could resist Wnt1-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and renal fibrosis. These results suggest that Sumoylation modification of LKB1 plays a key role in protecting against renal fibrosis, and β-catenin modulates LKB1 signaling through regulating Sumo3. Our study provides new mechanisms to energy metabolism in renal tubular cells and provides a new therapeutic target for treating renal fibrosis.
Making interfacial solar evaporation of seawater faster than fresh water
Authors: Xu Haolan , Yu Huimin , jin huanyu , Qiu Meijia , Sun Peng , Cheng Chuanqi , Wu Pan , Wang Yida , Wu Xuan , Chu Dewei , Zheng Min , Qiu Tong , Lu Yi , Zhang Bin , Mai Wenjie , Yang Xiaofei , Owens Gary 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Interfacial solar evaporation-based seawater desalination is regarded as one of the most promising strategies to alleviate freshwater scarcity. However, the solar evaporation rate of real seawater is significantly constricted by the ubiquitous salts present in seawater. In addition to the common issue of salt accumulation on the evaporation surface during solar evaporation, strong hydration between salt ions and water molecules leads to a lower evaporation rate for real seawater compared to pure water. Here we develop a facile and general strategy to reverse this occurrence, i.e., making the real seawater evaporation faster than pure water. By simply introducing specific mineral materials into the floating photothermal evaporator, ion exchange at air-water interfaces directly resulted in a decrease in seawater evaporation enthalpy, and consequently much higher seawater evaporation rates compared to pure water. This process is spontaneously realized during seawater solar evaporation. Considering the current enormous clean water production from evaporation-based desalination plants, such an evaporation performance improvement could potentially increase annual clean water production by more than a billion tons, benefiting millions of people worldwide.
Assessing Cancer Patients' Accessibility to Healthcare Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study in Khartoum State
Authors: Malik Elfatih M , Hamid Yusra Hussein , Abbas Azza Alfadil , Mohamed Rowa Ali , Saeed Nafahat Alsadig , Bashir Rayan Osman , Mohamed Ahmed Osman , Hamad Zohal Hassan , Babiker Arwa Babiker 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disruptive effect on healthcare services worldwide. In particular oncology care has witnessed significant setbacks. This retrospective cross-sectional study aims to explore the consequent impact on cancer patients at the Radiation and Isotopes Center Khartoum (RICK) in Sudan in terms of assessing cancer patients' accessibility to healthcare services and perceived barriers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Khartoum state. It also aims to determine the coping strategies used by patients to overcome these barriers.
Results
The study found that 55.7% of the surveyed cancer patients had experienced disruptions in accessing essential cancer healthcare services during the lockdown. The study identified the most common cancers as breast (19.7%), gastrointestinal (19%), and ovarian (11%). Notable barriers included governmental travel restrictions (51.6%), outpatient service closures (41.8%), and high costs (27.8%). Additionally, delayed treatment was directly associated with a 33.3% fatality rate among the participants.