bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economics and the dreamtime revisited: Creating a truly Australian economic history?
Authors: Hunter Boyd 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Economics and the Dreamtime was a landmark in Australian Economic History where Noel Butlin elevated awareness of the central importance of Indigenous economic history. It was a sprawling inter‐disciplinary work that used economic tools to understand Indigenous society before first contact and in the early colonial period. This article revisits that book to provide a critical evaluation of the major contributions of Butlin's research on Indigenous Australians. His primary contribution was to make Indigenous people more visible in the Australian economy in the early colonial period. He created a unique backcasting methodology that allowed Indigenous population to be estimated in the first six decades of the colony based on depopulation from disease, resource loss and frontier violence. I argue that the two main shortcomings of Butlin's research is that his method used colonial estimates of the population and that the population estimates are not sufficiently geographically differentiated. The main criticism of Butlin's research in the literature is that it is too speculative. However, his methodological innovation allows considerable transparency in the assumptions used and can create a range of plausible estimates that give us a sense of the unreliability of the existing population estimates. Alternative methodologies based on estimating population densities in 1788 from anthropological evidence are historically point estimates, which do not provide a sense of how uncertain the estimates might be. The way forward for this debate is to combine Butlin's demographic backcast methodology with population density estimates that take into account the selective mortality from disease and frontier violence. Finally, in order to create a truly Australian Economic History, it is necessary to also augment the methodology to incorporate Indigenous perspectives into the analysis and to utilise a local geography that acknowledges the diversity of Indigenous Australia.
A nomogram to predict stoma creation in elective surgical resection for penetrating Crohn's disease
Authors: Sun Zhenya , Cao Lei , Guo Zhen , Zhou Yan , Zhu Weiming , Li Yi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundsThe decision to perform a stoma during surgical resection of penetrating Crohn's disease (CD) is a critical consideration. The objective of this study was to identify factors that influence stoma creation and develop a predictive nomogram model to assist surgeons in making optimal surgical decisions.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary center from December 1, 2012, to December 1, 2021, involving consecutive patients with penetrating CD who underwent elective surgical resection. The LASSO regression method was used to select preoperative predictors, and a nomogram was constructed using multivariate logistic regression. The performance of the nomogram was validated in an internal cohort by assessing its discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.ResultsThe study included 405 cases in the training group and 135 cases in the validation group. Nine risk factors for stoma formation were identified, including disease location, fistula resulted from previous anastomosis, absence of preoperative exclusive enteral nutrition support, albumin levels below 35 g/L, C‐reactive protein levels above 10 mg/L, hemoglobin levels below 100 g/L, perianal disease, internal fistula, and surgical approach. These risk factors were selected using the LASSO regression method, and a nomogram was developed based on them. The area under the curve and the coefficient of determination (R2) of the nomogram were 0.821 and 0.394, respectively. And the nomogram demonstrated good performance in the validation cohort.ConclusionsThe nomogram exhibited good predictive ability for stoma formation during elective surgical resection for penetrating CD, which can assist surgeons in making informed clinical decisions.
Novel, intermediate‐fidelity simulator for aortic arch surgery for the cardiothoracic surgical trainee
Authors: Chang Shantel , Cole Christopher 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTraining cardiothoracic surgeons in open aortic surgery is challenging due to limited operator experience, low patient volume and technically demanding skills to be performed within a deep thoracic cavity. Surgical simulation has become a cornerstone of cardiothoracic surgical training and has been shown to improve skill acquisition and performance in the operating theatre. Due to the complexity of aortic surgery, there is a paucity of simulators that are concomitantly accessible and of sufficient fidelity. The purpose of this study was to develop a reproducible, intermediate‐fidelity simulator for aortic surgery.MethodThis novel simulator was constructed from plastic storage containers to simulate the depth of a thoracic cavity. Head vessels and distal arch were reconstructed within the stimulator with synthetic Dacron polyester grafts to maximize model fidelity. A porcine or bovine heart was used for the simulation of aortic root replacement and anastomosis to the distal arch graft.ResultsThe simulator was reproduced in a wet‐lab skills session at an annual Australian cardiothoracic trainee meeting. Qualitative feedback was obtained from the current cardiothoracic trainees. It is a feasible model for the practice of aortic surgery.ConclusionAs the surgical education paradigm shifts towards simulation, this easily reproducible, intermediate‐fidelity model provides an effective avenue to equip the trainee for the operating room and is a method of surgical training that can be considered by colleges.
Young adults with intellectual disabilities participating in employment‐related activities using the pathways and resources for engagement and participation intervention: A case study
Authors: Cowan Harry James Kinneil , Sheppard Loretta , Harrington Rosamund 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundParticipation‐focused interventions are gaining momentum. The Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation (PREP) is one such intervention, and it was investigated in this study for its effectiveness in supporting participation in employment‐related activities for young adults with intellectual disabilities in Australia.MethodsThe application of the PREP approach was adapted to accommodate COVID‐19 restrictions. Data were gathered from multiple sources in a triangulating manner following a case study design. Measures of performance, satisfaction, and a third measure of involvement were collected using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) in a multiple baseline format. The work questionnaire from the Assessment of Life Habits (Life‐H) was administered at three time points, and qualitative data were collected post‐intervention via a separate semi‐structured interview with four young adults with intellectual disabilities and the two occupational therapist facilitators.FindingsPerformance, satisfaction and involvement scores had increased for 75% or more of employment‐related goals at follow‐up, although these changes were not statistically significant. Visual analysis indicated improved Life‐H accomplishment scores post‐intervention, but satisfaction with employment scores did not change. PREP was positively perceived, but the young adults reported needing more support from their participation teams.ConclusionsThe PREP intervention shifts the focus from a skills‐based approach to a participation approach to practice and empowers young adults with intellectual disabilities to have greater independence over employment goals and related activities. COVID‐19 restrictions limited the application of the PREP approach, but the experience was still valued by the participants, although additional training and support for them and the PREP participation team working with them may have further enhanced their experience and participation outcomes.
Engaging student opinions on vaccine development innovation: Experiences from a “Shark Tank” project
Authors: Barrett Jeffrey S. , Skolnik Jeffrey M. , Ingram Mary , Kuo Yin‐Ming , Metzloff Ann E. , Jin Ruizhe , Wu Yuanhan , Kroushl Nik 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA graduate course on vaccine development challenged students to propose concepts to improve upon current vaccine development paradigms in the context of a “Shark Tank‐style” format where students were asked to develop an abbreviated business plan and make a pitch to the “Sharks” (experienced academic and industrial vaccine researchers and developers) where they could request funding, research collaborations or regulatory guidance. Students were graded based on the components of their plan and on their ability to convince the “Sharks” of the feasibility and innovation potential of their project proposals. This approach to teaching vaccine development explored areas where novel approaches would be helpful and assessed current gaps in vaccine innovation. The class also utilized artificial intelligence‐based contributions using ChatGPT which has also been summarized. This summary of the collective view of the class provides recommendation for future campaigns to develop new vaccines and therapeutics.
Technology and health inequities in diabetes care: How do we widen access to underserved populations and utilize technology to improve outcomes for all?
Authors: Ebekozien Osagie , Fantasia Kathryn , Farrokhi Farnoosh , Sabharwal Ashutosh , Kerr David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDigital health technologies are being utilized increasingly in the modern management of diabetes. These include tools such as continuous glucose monitoring systems, connected blood glucose monitoring devices, hybrid closed‐loop systems, smart insulin pens, telehealth, and smartphone applications (apps). Although many of these technologies have a solid evidence base, from the perspective of a person living with diabetes, there remain multiple barriers preventing their optimal use, creating a digital divide. In this article, we describe many of the origins of these barriers and offer recommendations on widening access to digital health technologies for underserved populations living with diabetes to improve their health outcomes.
Preparation and thermal shock resistance of solar thermal absorbing corundum ceramics for concentrated solar power
Authors: Xu Xiaohong , Liu Shaoheng , Liu Yang , Wu Jianfeng , Yu Jiaqi , Shen Yaqiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe absorptivity of solar thermal absorber materials affects the heliothermal conversion efficiency of concentrated solar power systems. The solar absorbing ceramics were prepared by the fixed mixture of bauxit, Fe2O3, and TiO2 with adding CuO in different percentages. The absorptivity and thermal shock resistance with the effect of adding CuO in different percentages were studied. Fe2O3 and TiO2 have excellent optical properties, and CuO decreases the material's band gap to boost the electronic transition and increase the material absorptivity. The results showed that the material is sintered at 1380°C with an excellent absorptivity of 94.00% in the spectrum range of 0.3–2.5 μm, and the bending strength is 132.94 MPa. The bending strength was increased by 21.07% after 30 thermal shock cycles (1000°C‐room temperature, air cooling). The liquid phase facilitates the synthesis of hercynite with excellent high temperature properties. The hercynite improves the thermal shock resistance of the material.
Appetitive and psychological phenotypes of pediatric patients with obesity
Authors: Fox Claudia K. , Molitor Stephen J. , Vock David M. , Peterson Carol B. , Crow Scott J. , Gross Amy C. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryBackgroundObesity is a heterogeneous disease with variable treatment response. Identification of the unique constellation of contributors to obesity may allow for targeted interventions and improved outcomes.ObjectiveIdentify empirically derived phenotypes of pediatric patients with obesity based on appetitive and psychological correlates of obesity.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included patients aged 5–12 years who were treated in a weight management clinic and completed standard intake questionnaires including Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), Vanderbilt ADHD Scale and Pediatric Symptom Checklist. Phenotypes were elicited using latent profile analysis of 12 indicators: eight CEBQ subscales, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, internalizing and externalizing symptoms.ResultsParents/guardians of 384 patients (mean age 9.8 years, mean BMI 30.3 kg/m2) completed the intake questionnaires. A 4‐phenotype model best fits the data. Hedonic Impulsive phenotype (42.5%) exhibited high food enjoyment and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Inattentive Impulsive phenotype (27.4%) exhibited overall low food approach and high food avoid behaviours, and highest inattention. Hedonic Emotional phenotype (20.8%) scored the highest on food enjoyment, internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Picky Eating phenotype (9.3%) scored the lowest on food approach, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, internalizing and externalizing symptoms.ConclusionAppetitive traits and psychological symptoms appear to cluster in distinct patterns, giving rise to four unique phenotypic profiles, which, if replicated, may help inform the development of tailored treatment plans.
Self‐harm and suicidality among trans and gender diverse youth from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds—A scoping review
Authors: Macedo Davi , McEvoy Monica , Crowley Tim , Loughhead Mark , Procter Nicholas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRates of suicidality and self‐harm are substantial among trans and gender diverse people, particularly among younger groups. The objective of this scoping review is to explore the state of the research conducted on determinants of mental distress, self‐harm and suicidality among trans and gender diverse (TGD) youth from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews was used as a methodology guide. Inclusion criteria for study selection comprehended: publications on the intersectionality between gender non‐conformity and cultural and linguistic diversity; focus on a young population (≤25 years of age); publications addressing self‐harm and/or suicidality. Searches were conducted on eight databases and a public web search engine and yielded 474 results. Publications were screened and selected by two independent reviewers. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes overarching the findings. The screening process yielded seven peer‐reviewed studies and six research reports based on case studies, retrospective qualitative interviews, cross‐sectional and longitudinal survey analyses. The key themes approached in the retrieved literature include: (1) precipitating factors for suicidality; (2) pathways contributing to self‐harm and suicidality; and 3) barriers and facilitators for accessing services and mental health care. Practical actions to help mitigate suicidality among TGD youth from CALD backgrounds need to consider the impact of trauma and allow for the development of trust in the therapeutic relationship. Shifts in service delivery and policy formulation are necessary to reduce stigmatisation and potentialise the inclusion of different racial, ethnic, cultural, sexual and gender identity expressions in society.
Relationship between job demands, work engagement, emotional workload and job performance among nurses: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Ni Yun‐xia , Xu Ying , He Li , Wen Ya , You Gui‐ying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the mediating effect of work engagement and the moderated mediating effect of emotional workload on the relationship between job demands and job performance among nurses.BackgroundNurses work in a high‐demand situation that could affect their job performance. However, previous studies have reported an inconsistent relationship between job demands and job performance. The underlying mechanism of how job demands influence job performance remains unclear.MethodsAn online cross‐sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 893 nurses from 14 cities in Sichuan Province between November and December 2021. Data were collected using the Job Demands Scale, Job Performance Scale, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and emotional workload subscale of the Questionnaire on the Experience and Evaluation of Work. Bootstrap and simple slope methods were used to test a moderated mediation model using Hayes' PROCESS macro. The STROBE reporting guidelines were utilized.ResultsJob demands had a positive effect on job performance, and this effect was mediated by work engagement. Emotional workload moderated the indirect relationship between job demands and job performance. Specifically, the positive effect of job demands on job performance via work engagement was attenuated in nurses with a high emotional workload.ConclusionThis study sheds light on the complex relationship between job demands and job performance. Work engagement and emotional workload deserve more attention to improve nurses’ performance.Implications for nursing and nursing policyPolicymakers and nurse managers should make efforts to develop and implement strategies to foster nurses’ work engagement, reduce their emotional workload, and further help nurses efficiently deal with job demands.
Suicide death, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Fan Zhan‐Hong , Xu Jie , Ge Meng‐Wei , Huang Jie‐Wei , Ni Hai‐Tao , Shen Wang‐Qin , Chen Hong‐Lin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsDiabetes has been indicated to be a risk factor for suicide. We aim to estimate the prevalence of suicide in patients with diabetes.DesignA meta‐analysis using PRISMA methodology was adopted to examine the incidence of suicide in diabetic patients.Data SourcesFrom inception to October 2022, three online databases (PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science) were used to search studies.Review MethodsWe used random‐effects model to analysis. And our primary outcome was the incidence of suicide death per 100 person‐years, and other outcomes were prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. To explore the sources of heterogeneity in our study, we performed subgroup and meta‐regression analyses.ResultsThe suicide death rate in diabetic patients was 0.027 per 100 person‐years, with a higher rate for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus compared to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The prevalence of suicidal ideation in diabetes patients was 0.175, with a higher prevalence in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus compared to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The prevalence of suicide attempts in diabetes patients was 0.033, indicating a higher rate for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus compared to Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.ConclusionsThe results indicate a high rate of suicide among people with diabetes, and this study identifies populations and regions at high risk for suicide. Our review emphasizes interventions in mental health and the improvement of suicide prevention programmes.Impact

The study investigated suicide death, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in diabetic individuals.

Suicide rates are elevated among diabetic patients, and various patient groups face distinct suicide risks.

It is important to prioritize the mental well‐being of diabetic individuals and enhance interventions, including personalized approaches, to inform public health efforts aimed at preventing and addressing suicide among diabetic patients.

Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public involvement.
Cumulative blood pressure load and hypertensive nephropathy in Han Chinese hypertensive patients
Authors: Liu Kuan‐I , Hung Ming‐Hui , Huang Chin‐Chou , Chen Jaw‐Wen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe study aims to assess the relationship between cumulative blood pressure load (cBPL) and the risk of renal function decline in hypertensive patients and determine the blood pressure (BP) threshold required to prevent hypertensive nephropathy. A single‐center prospective cohort study was conducted on hypertensive patients. The cBPL was defined as the proportion of area beyond variable BP cutoffs under ambulatory BP monitoring. Renal events were defined as > 25% (minor) or > 50% (major) decline of baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Cox regression analysis was conducted between cBPL, other ambulatory BP parameters, and renal events. The results revealed a total of 436 Han Chinese hypertensive patients were eligible for enrollment. During an average follow‐up period of 5.1 ± 3.3 years, a decline of > 25% and > 50% in eGFR was observed in 77 and eight participants, respectively. Cox regression analysis revealed that cSBPL140 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.102; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.017–1.193; p = .017), cSBPL130 (HR, 1.076; 95% CI, 1.019–1.137; p = .008), and cSBPL120 (HR, 1.054; 95% CI, 1.010–1.099; p = .015) were independently associated with minor renal events. Similarly, cSBPL140 (HR, 1.228; 95% CI, 1.037–1.455; p = .017), cSBPL130 (HR, 1.189; 95% CI, 1.045–1.354; p = .009), and cSBPL120 (HR, 1.155; 95% CI, 1.039–1.285; p = .008) were independently associated with major renal events. In conclusion, cBPL is associated with renal function decline in hypertensive patients. Minimizing cBPL120 may decrease the risk of hypertensive nephropathy.
Immune and antioxidant gene expression stimulation of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) larvae by Saccharomyces cerevisiae from the brewering industry
Authors: Moliné María de la Paz , Vázquez M. Magdalena , Moran Giardini Paloma , Domínguez Enzo , Fernández Natalia J. , Damiani Natalia , Quintana Silvina , Gende Liesel B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe high overwinter mortalities in the honey bee population of Apis mellifera have been linked to immunocompromised individuals experiencing nutritional limitations. Larval nutrition plays a crucial role in determining the successful development of adults, making them more susceptible to bacterial diseases when undernourished. One of the main intracellular signalling pathways in the larval immune system against bacterial diseases is the Toll receptor signalling pathway, which activates antimicrobial peptides like defensin. Inadequate nutrition also disrupts the redox balance on A. mellifera individuals, with superoxide dismutase and catalase being the key components of their antioxidant system. Vitellogenin is associated with the mobilization of nutrients in early A. mellifera bee stages. Considering that Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the second most significant by‐product of the brewing industry, it may serve as a valuable raw material. We investigated the impact of feeding larvae with live S. cerevisiae cells on the relative expression of their main immune and antioxidant‐related genes. To assess gene expression, we conducted RT‐qPCR, using RNA extracted from ten larvae per treatment on the seventh day when the feeding trial concluded. Importantly, the presence of S. cerevisiae did not affect larval survival compared to the control group. However, the relative expression of immune‐related gene toll18W and antioxidant‐related gene sod in larvae fed with live S. cerevisiae cells was significantly higher than in larvae that were not fed with them. This suggests that the inclusion of S. cerevisiae in their diet may provide larvae with a nutritional advantage. Additionally, the vitellogenin (vg) gene expression increased in treated larvae compared to the control group, potentially facilitating their access to nutrients and, consequently, enhancing their ability to cope with nutritional stress.