bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CavelI on Skepticism
Authors: Rorty Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cavell’s The Claim of Reason consists of two books in one-the first (parts 1-11) written some twenty years back, and the second (part IV) composed quite recently.’ Most (parts 1-11) of the first book is about epistemology, and this is the book with which I want to take issue. So I shall spend most of my time on it, saying only a little, toward the end, about the second. This is unfortunate, since I admire the second book as much as I disagree with the first. But one always has more to say in disagreement than in agreement.
Rethinking the Ordinary Austin after Cavell
Authors: Laugier Sandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Certainly Stanley Cavell has discovered a new way of thinking about the ordinary. Of course, he was not the first to invoke a return to the ordinary; even before Wittgenstein and Austin, a certain British empiricism also laid claim to such a return. But it was Cavell who conceived this return as a return to where we have never been and the ordinary as a nextness new to the world, at once near and far. By starting from this next ness we can, contrary to what we might expect, rethink the question of “realism” in ordinary language.
Guessing the Unseen from the Seen Stanley Cavell and Film Interpretation
Authors: Klevan Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his essay “The Thought of Movies,” Stanley Cavell quotes a famous passage from Henry James’s essay “The Art of Fiction”:
The passage speaks of “a rather tantalising monition” and is itself “rather tantalis ing”: “feeling life,” James says, “in general so completely”; “you are well on the way to knowing”; “this cluster of gifts may almost be said”; “Try to be one of the people” [my emphases]-the aspiring novice is kept aspiring. Finding one’s experience (or not being lost to it)-corning toward it without any necessary completions-is something Cavell, like James, is tactfully alive to. When he writes of himself-”! had come to count on myself as one of the people willing not to be lost to his or to her experience”2-his “willing” expresses more than an inclination. It expresses a continuing aspiration.
Malnutrition
Authors: Miller Laurie C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Malnutrition afflicts more than 200 million children throughout the world and is responsible for 50% of deaths that occur before age 5. Malnutrition robs young children of good health, growth, and development. Many internationally adopted children are malnourished prior to adoption (see Chapter 2). Prenatal malnutrition is common: more than 25% of international adoptees are low birth weight. Because of uncertainty about gestational age in most children, determination of intrauterine growth retardation is difficult. Postnatal malnutrition befalls children who reside with impoverished or neglectful birth families, in institutions, or in indifferent foster care. Some children suffer from prolonged, severe, and/or recurrent episodes of malnutrition. Others endure a single episode of malnutrition due to illness, food shortages, or loss of a beloved caregiver. Poor appetite, impaired oral-motor function, and improper feeding techniques (bottle-propping) all reduce food intake. Chronic undernutrition is much more common than malnutrition, and has longlasting effects as well.
Developmental Delay
Authors: Miller Laurie C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Developmental delays may be broadly categorized as “disorders that interfere with the child’s ability to communicate, relate and think creatively and logically” in an age-appropriate manner, or as “disorders in the regulation of activity and attention.” Using this definition, nearly all internationally adopted children are developmentally delayed at arrival (Table 13–1). Less is known about the long-term developmental outcome of this group and the incidence of learning disabilities and cognitive delays (see Chapters 31–33). Many factors contribute to the prevalence of these problems in international adoptees (Table 13–2). This chapter reviews the components that influence developmental delay, learning disabilities, and cognition among international adoptees. The results of interventions to treat developmental delay, suggested screening techniques for this special population, and current knowledge of the developmental and cognitive outcome of internationally adopted children are also discussed.
Helicobacter Pylori
Authors: Miller Laurie C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is perhaps the most common infection of humankind. At least 1 billion people are infected;4 most acquire the infection in infancy or early childhood. Infection with HP may contribute to the poor growth of institutionalized children and to the failure to thrive of some international adoptees after arrival to the United States. In a recent serosurvey, 31% of 226 children from 18 countries had antibodies to HP. Antibodies were common among children who had previously resided in an orphanage (vs. foster care) (Fig. 20–1), were older at adoption (43.4 months ± 4.3 vs. 17.2 months ± 1.8, p &lt;0.0001), and were co-infected with intestinal parasites (44% vs. 19%, p = 0.002). International adoptees are at high risk for acquisition of HP infection in early life and thus also for the long-term problems associated with infection.
Lead And Other Environmental Toxins
Authors: Miller Laurie C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Pediatricians throughout the world recognize the impact of environmental exposures on the health and well-being of children.1 Doctors working in orphanages are no different, and frequently cite “poor ecology” or “bad air and water” as primary problems of the children in their care. Adoptive parents often are dismayed to discover that their child-to-be resides in a heavily polluted, industrialized city. Prior to travel, some families research their child’s birth city or region and discover proximity to nuclear power stations, mining pits (e.g., nickel, copper, coal), or other potential sources of environmental toxins. They wonder if there will be any longterm effects on the child from possible exposures. For example, the potential risks to children adopted from the areas surrounding Chernobyl, the site of the 1986 nuclear power disaster, remain a frequent concern nearly 20 years later. Exposures to environmental toxins are not unique to institutionalized children.
Dysfunction Of Sensory Integration
Authors: Miller Laurie C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Children in institutional care experience many forms of sensory deprivation. Crib confinement and swaddling limit tactile experience, motor activity, vestibular and proprioceptive stimulation, and visual input. Quiet orphanage rooms reduce auditory exposures. Liquid and puréed diets diminish oralmotor stimulation. When sensory experiences are disturbed, children may develop disorders of sensory integration (DSI). This disorder is not discussed in many general pediatric textbooks, yet has gained increasing recognition as a theoretical and practical explanation for many behavioral and developmental problems in young children. Disorders of sensory integration are discussed in books on autism and in some developmental pediatric books.
Name, Face, Body
Authors: Greenberg Kenneth S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What was Nat Turner’s name? What did he look like? Where is his body? We can ask these simple questions about any major historical figure and usually expect to discover simple answers. But Nat Turner was no ordinary “major historical figure.” He was a slave rebel, deeply and passionately hated by the white people of Virginia who captured and hanged him in 1831. Both his position as a slave and his position as a man who threatened the core values and institutional structures of the antebellum South have made him a difficult figure for historians to reconstruct. The men who tried and hanged him, and then dissected his body, may have done their job of obliteration so well that it will never be possible to put the pieces back together again—neither the pieces of his body nor the pieces of his character and identity. Nat Turner may be destined to live forever in our memory as the most famous, least-known person in American history.
Stvron’s Choice: A Meditation on History, Literature, and Moral Imperatives
Authors: Joyner Charles 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The day dawned bleak and chill that Friday in the Virginia tidewater, and an enveloping gray light seemed to come out of the northeast. The dry leaves whispered a little in the windless November. Around noon the jailer unlocked the condemned hole of the Southampton County Jail. It was cold and musty in the hole, and the rank smell fouled the air.
Interview with Alvin F. Poussaint, M.D.
Authors: Poussaint Alvin F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Q: When did you first encounter Nat Turner as a figure in history?
Dr. Alvin F. Poussaint: I knew about Nat Turner when I was a teenager because I used to attend left-wing summer camps in New York and New Jersey. They were interracial camps and very concerned about segregation and the oppression of black Americans. One of the historical figures they discussed, rightly, was Nat Turner and how he had been a leader of a rebellion against slavery in the nineteenth century.
Race, Rules, and Reporting
Authors: Ritchie Donald A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Washington press corps remained exclusively white until President Roosevelt’s press secretary, Stephen Early, kneed a black policeman in the groin during the 1940 campaign. His rash act set in motion a chain of events that finally toppled racial barriers for African American journalists at the White House and Capitol. Until then, black reporters had been shut out of Franklin Roosevelt’s press conferences and denied seats in the congressional press galleries, and the resistance they encountered came not from the politicians but from the reporters who ran the White House Correspondents Association and the Standing Committee of Correspondents in the Senate and House. Integration of the Washington press corps was a slow and painful process, complicated by white reporters’ intolerance or indifference, discord within the black press, and rancor between men and women journalists of both races. Change came only after the politicians overruled the press corps.
Company Town Papers
Authors: Ritchie Donald A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rumors rolled through the Capitol in February 1981, from the reporters in the press galleries to the elevator operators and the pages. Shots had been fired at the vice president of the United States as he left a woman friend’s Capitol Hill townhouse at dawn. The Secret Service had rushed him to safety but it was uncertain whether he had been wounded. Countless people passed along some version of the shooting story-all of them untrue. A few weeks later, the Washington Post deftly dissected it all in a front-page account, “Anatomy of a Washington Rumor.” The article traced how the rumor originated, how it circulated, and how it lacked the slightest substance. Sharing a byline for the story was Janet Cooke, a promising young reporter whose name had been appearing with marked frequency in the Post. Not long afterward, Cooke received a Pulitzer Prize for her story about an eight-year-old heroin addict. The prize revived newsroom suspicions about her work-and those rumors proved true. She had invented the story entirely, and her editors had accepted it blindly. The incident exposed serious flaws in Washington’s preeminent local newspaper less than a decade after its triumph with Watergate.1
Anyone with a Modem
Authors: Ritchie Donald A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Watching a rerun of All the President’s Men a quarter century after Watergate, Washington Post music critic Joseph McLellan marveled at how little the newsroom it portrayed had changed since then, until he caught sight of the actor Dustin Hoffman, playing Carl Bernstein, inserting a sheet of six-ply paper into his typewriter. That brought back memories of the thick sheaves of carbons and the pneumatic tubes that carried them to the composing room. He also recalled that “to file a story from outside the office, you had to find a telephone and call the dictation department:’ practices that already seemed quaint. By the time he retired in 2001, everything about the news-writing, editing, and disseminating it-had gone digital.
Evaluating Fatigue of Ovarian Cancer Patients Using Ecological Momentary Assessment
Authors: Basen-Engquist Karen , Moor Carl de 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fatigue has been defined as “a general feeling of debilitating tiredness or loss of energy” (Vogelzang, Breitbart, Cella, et al., 1997). People with cancer experience fatigue much differently than do healthy individuals. For healthy people, fatigue is experienced as a normal, even pleasant consequence of hard work or exercise that is ameliorated by rest and sleep. Fatigue as experienced by people with cancer is a chronic, distressing lack of energy that severely limits activity and is not relieved by sleep or rest (Glaus, Crow, & Hammond, 1996).
Statistical Issues in Intensive Longitudinal Data Analysis
Authors: Walls Theodore A , Hoppner, Bettina B , Goodwin Matthew S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Innovation in scientific data collection involving new kinds of protocols has proceeded at a breakneck pace over the past 10 years. Starting from a tradition of diary studies (Almeida, 2005; Bolger, Rafaeli, & Davis, 2003), researchers have increasingly used emerging “smart” electronic devices to collect data reflecting experience over time in real-life contexts. Many scientific studies have emerged using these devices; for example, there are studies using beepers for diary data collection (Csikszentmihalyi & Larson, 1987), computerized ambulatory recording devices (e.g., Wilhelm, Roth, & Sackner, 2003), automated behavioral observational tools (e.g., Borrie,Jonsson, & Magnusson, 2002; Hirschhauser, Frigerio, Grammer, & Magnusson, 2002), and sensing devices in physical and architectural environments (Intille, Chapter 16, this volume). Consistently, in many areas of psychology and in behavioral medicine, studies using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) techniques have become commonplace (Stone & Shiffman, 1994). At the same time, other technological advances, including developments in GPS and GIS technology, fMRI and PET imaging, road network analysis, Web interfaces for transactions, and many other technology-based data collection mechanisms have equipped researchers with tools to collect much more detailed and complex time-graded data than ever before.
Americanos
Authors: Chasteen John Charles 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1808, world history took a decisive turn when Napoleon occupied Spain and Portugal, a European event that had lasting repercussions more than half the world away, sparking a series of revolutions throughout the Spanish and Portuguese empires of the New World. These wars for independence resulted eventually in the creation of nineteen independent Latin American republics. Here is an engagingly written, compact history of the Latin American wars of independence. Proceeding almost cinematically, scene by vivid scene, John Charles Chasteen introduces the reader to lead players, basic concepts, key events, and dominant trends, braided together in a single, taut narrative. He vividly depicts the individuals and events of those tumultuous years. Here are the famous leaders--Simón Bolívar, José de San Martín, and Bernardo O'Higgins, Father Hidalgo and Father Morelos, and many others. Here too are lesser known Americanos: patriot women such as Manuela Sáenz, Leona Vicario, Mariquita Sánchez, Juana Azurduy, and Policarpa Salavarrieta, indigenous rebels such as Mateo Pumacahua, and African-descended generals such as Vicente Guerrero and Manuel Piar. Chasteen captures the gathering forces for independence, the clashes of troops and decisions of leaders, and the rich, elaborate tapestry of Latin American societies as they embraced nationhood. By the end of the period, the leaders of Latin American independence would embrace classical liberal principles - particularly popular sovereignty and self-determination - and permanently expand the global reach of Western political values. Today, most of the world's oldest functioning republics are Latin American. And yet, Chasteen observes, many suffer from a troubled political legacy that dates back to their birth. In this book, he illuminates this legacy, even as he illustrates how the region's dramatic struggle for independence points unmistakably forward in world history.
Prelude to the Twentieth Century
Authors: Volk Terese M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Multiculturalism in one form or another has been a part of American music education for nearly one hundred years. However, before delving into multicultural music education in the twentieth century, it is important to establish the nineteenth-century conditions from which it evolved. Throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century, both general education and music education subscribed to European philosophies and educational methodologies. In addition, music education looked to Europe, especially to the classical music tradition of Germany, for its classroom material.
The International Movement: 1929-1953
Authors: Volk Terese M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Both domestic and international events influenced education during the period from 1929 to 1953: immigration restrictions, the Great Depression, World War II, and the Cold War. Because of these, and encouraged by both federal policy and the desire for world peace, general education and music education continued to develop “international relations in education,” a program begun earlier in the 1920s. At the same time, intercultural education taught understanding of the cultures within the United States, and music education began to employ more of the musics from these cultures in the classroom.
Pivotal Changes:1954-1967
Authors: Volk Terese M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Change pervaded the period from 1954 to 1967. Like general education, music education was abruptly awakened from the complacency of the early 1950s by social reforms resulting from desegregation, the launching of Sputnik 1, and the civil rights movement. General education answered these challenges with new methods and content in the curriculum. Music education dealt with these societal pressures by an ever widening acceptance of the musics of all cultures in the school music repertoire.
Music Teacher Education
Authors: Volk Terese M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is no doubt folk musics have been taught in the schools for many years; many people remember singing European and American folk songs, including spirituals, as elementary or high school students. However, there was little or no training given new teachers in how to teach these musics. Colleges assumed that training teachers in Western music was sufficient to enable them to teach any kind of music. The concept of music as a “universal language” upheld this idea, as did the fact that the first musics ad­ mitted to the curriculum were European, American, and Latin American folk musics, all based on the Western music tradition. The exception to this situation was the African-American colleges and universities where the music education program regularly included the teaching of African-American music traditions along with European musics.
Final Considerations: Problems and Possibilities
Authors: Volk Terese M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Difficulties still face music teachers, both nationally and internationally, who are trying to making the change to a multicultural perspective. Ensembles providing performance opportunities in the music of another culture are relatively scarce in academia, although they abound in the community. Method books are available for learning to play instruments from around the world, but they are culture-specific and do not yet have translations. A consistent pronunciation guide for all languages does not yet exist.2 Even more important to classroom instruction, very little material deals with how to teach diverse musics to a diverse student population.
“Bloody And Severe”: The Pivo Tal Southern War, Ear Ly 1781
Authors: Ferling John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
No year since 1777 had dawned with the flurry of activity that ushered in 1781. On January 2, Benedict Arnold arrived suddenly at Jamestown, Virginia, with a large British invasion force. At about the same moment, Cornwallis’s army at Winnsboro, South Carolina, set out to find the rebels under Morgan and Greene.
Choices, 1782
Authors: Ferling John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Philadelphia was dark and quiet, its residents asleep. Almost no one heard the horse as it clattered spectrally over the empty cobblestone streets just before three o’clock. The rider sought out the home of the president of Congress, Thomas McKean, and awakened him with a start by pounding loudly on his door. Once the rider was shown in, the two men spoke quietly. Visibly moved, McKean immediately sent a servant to deliver word to the town watch- man, who patrolled the streets looking for signs of fire or other troubles and on the hour bawling out the correct time. On this night, October 22, 1781, the watchman changed his routine after receiving the urgent message. As he walked the glum streets he cried out his essential news in a happy mixture of his native and newfound tongue: “Basht dree o’clock, und Gorn-wal-lis isht da-ken.”
The Politics of Remembering Reconstruction
Authors: Elliott Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Published in 1879, A Fool’s Errand was one of the first shots fired in a struggle over the historical meaning of Reconstruction and the political lessons to be drawn from it. Had he not written A Fool’s Errand, Albion Tourgée would likely have disappeared into history like most other Republicans who survived a career on the front lines of Reconstruction. The unexpected success of this book, however, catapulted him to national fame and launched a second career for Tourgée as a political writer who was determined to keep the fires of Radical Republicanism alive.
Radical Individualism in the Gilded Age
Authors: Elliott Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The 1880s were challenging times for Tourgée. A profound intellectual transformation was taking place in the North, and he began to fear that Americans were losing faith in the very egalitarian premise of democratic government. Beginning with the assassination of Garfleld, personal and political setbacks ended his brief period of insider influence in national politics after the success of A Fool’s Errand. That euphoric experience was soon replaced by a growing feeling of disconnection to his times. This feeling was captured perfectly in Tourgée’s collection of satiric essays, A Veteran and His Pipe, published in the mid-1880s.
The Rejection of Color-Blind Citizenship: Plessy v. Ferguson
Authors: Elliott Mark 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
He asks nothing as a Negro,” Tourgée appealed on behalf of blacks in 1890. “It is as a citizen merely that we are called on to consider what rights and privileges he is entitled to exercise.” The “color-blind” argument, however, became increasingly difficult to maintain as the legal evisceration of the Reconstruction Amendments proceeded into the 1890s. In fact, the language of color-blind “equal citizenship” had been used by Justice Joseph Bradley in his Supreme Court majority opinion in the Civil Rights Cases (1883).