bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transradial coronary angiography in patients with contraindications to the femoral approach: An analysis of 500 cases
Authors: Hildick‐Smith David J.R. , Walsh John T. , Lowe Martin D. , Shapiro Leonard M. , Petch Michael C. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe transradial approach to coronary angiography is considered by some to be a route of choice, by others to be a route that should be used only where there are relative contraindications to the femoral approach. We present the largest series to date of patients in whom transradial coronary angiography was undertaken specifically because of contraindications to the femoral approach. Since 1995, patients at this cardiothoracic center have been considered for a transradial approach to coronary angiography if there were relative contraindications to the femoral route. Data from 500 patients was prospectively collected. Patients were aged 66 ± 9 years; 72% were male. Indications for the radial approach included peripheral vascular disease (305), therapeutic anticoagulation (77), musculoskeletal (59), and morbid obesity (32). Sixty‐eight patients (14%) required a radial procedure following a failed femoral approach. Access was right radial 291 (58%), left radial 209 (42%). Eighteen operators were involved, but two operators undertook 355 (71%) of the cases. Catheter gauge was 6 Fr (n = 243; 49%), 5 Fr (219; 43%), and 4 Fr (29; 6%). The procedure was successful in 463 cases [92.6%; 88.2% for nonmajority vs. 94.4% (P < 0.05) for the two majority operators]. Success in males (93.6%) significantly exceeded that in females (90.1%; P < 0.05). In‐catheter‐laboratory duration was 45 ± 17 min; fluoroscopy time, 7.5 ± 6 min; radiation dose, 40 ± 23 CGy. The procedure was without incident in 408 cases (82%). There were procedural difficulties in 18% of cases, including radial artery spasm (12%) and vasovagal response (5%). The incidence was higher with 6 Fr catheters (23%) than with 5/4 Fr (15%; P < 0.05). Major procedural complications occurred in three cases: brachial artery dissection in one and cardiac arrest in two. Postprocedure major vascular complications numbered three: claudicant pain on handgrip in one, ischemic index finger (with subsequent terminal phalanx amputation due to osteomyelitis) in one, and ischemic hand for 4 hr in one. Patients with contraindications to the femoral approach form a high‐risk group. In these patients, transradial cardiac catheterization can be performed successfully and with a low risk of major complications. Minor adverse features remain frequent, occurring in one in five cases, though difficulties are minimized both with increasing operator experience and smaller sheath diameter. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:60–66. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vertebral artery stenting using distal emboli protection and transcranial Doppler
Authors: Mintz Edward P. , Gruberg Luis , Kouperberg Efim , Beyar Rafael 
Published: December 2003

AbstractRecent studies have shown the feasibility and safety of the percutaneous approach for the treatment of vertebrobasilar disease using either balloon angioplasty alone, coronary stents, or combined angioplasty followed by stenting. The major concern in performing percutaneous procedures for the treatment of obstructive disease of the vertebrobasilar circulation involves the risk of embolic phenomena. We describe the successful treatment of a symptomatic patient with bilateral vertebrobasilar disease utilizing a distal protection filter during stenting with simultaneous use of transcranial Doppler to measure microembolization and vertebral artery blood flow during the procedure. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:12–15. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pulse transmission coefficient: A nonhyperemic index for physiologic assessment of procedural success following percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Brosh David , Higano Stuart T. , Kern Morton J. , Lennon Ryan J. , Holmes David R. , Lerman Amir 
Published: December 2003

AbstractIntracoronary pressure measurements and the determination of fractional flow reserve (FFR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) predict adverse events. Coronary lesions may impair the transmission of pressure waves across a stenosis, potentially acting as a high‐frequency filter. The pulse transmission coefficient (PTC) is a nonhyperemic parameter that calculates the transmission of high‐frequency components of the pressure signal through a stenosis. It was shown recently that PTC is highly correlated with FFR. This study was designed to examine the change of PTC as compared to FFR following PCI. Pressure signals were obtained by pressure guidewire in 27 lesions pre‐ and post‐PCI and were analyzed with an algorithm that identifies the high‐frequency component in the pressure signal. The PTC was calculated at baseline as the ratio between distal and proximal high‐frequency components of the pressure waveform across the lesion. FFR measurements were assessed with intracoronary adenosine. There was a significant increase in PTC following PCI (0.15 ± 0.17 at baseline vs. 0.84 ± 0.11 post‐PCI; P < 0.001). Comparable changes were observed for FFR (0.58 ± 0.12 at baseline vs. 0.91 ± 0.05 post‐PCI; P < 0.001). PTC is a nonhyperemic parameter for physiologic assessment of coronary artery stenoses. Similar to FFR, PTC is significantly increased following PCI. Thus, it may serve as an adjunct index for the functional assessment of procedural success following PCI. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:95–102. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Argatroban use during pediatric interventional cardiac catheterization
Authors: Cetta Frank , Graham Lynn C. , Wrona Laura L. , Arruda M. Janine , Walenga Jeanine M. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractArgatroban is a synthetic direct thrombin inhibitor that does not interact with or induce heparin‐dependent antibodies. It is approved for use in adults for prevention and treatment of thrombosis associated with heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). It has been administered safely in adults with HIT during coronary interventions. There are no reports of argatroban use for anticoagulation in pediatric patients. The present case describes the use of argatroban during coil embolization of a Fontan fenestration in a child with a history of HIT. The patient received a single bolus dose of 150 μg/kg of argatroban at the onset of the intervention. The fenestration was successfully occluded with a detachable coil. The activated clotting time (ACT) was > 200 sec throughout the procedure. The ACT returned to baseline 72 min after the bolus. No complications occurred. This case demonstrates the safe and successful use of argatroban during a transcatheter intervention in a pediatric patient with a history of HIT. The use of argatroban is promising for anticoagulation in children who require an alternative to heparin. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:147–149. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of intracoronary vs. intravenous administration of abciximab in coronary stenting
Authors: Kakkar Aman K. , Moustapha Ali , Hanley Henry G. , Weiss Mitchell , Caldito Gloria , Misra Praphul , Reddy Pratap C. , Tandon Neeraj 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThere have been animal and human studies looking at intracoronary (IC) use of abciximab with good short‐term clinical outcomes. There exists no data comparing intracoronary with intravenous (IV) administration of abciximab beyond 30 days. We compared the clinical outcomes between the IC (n = 101) and IV (n = 72) group of patients. Patients who had coronary stenting and received abciximab were included in the study. All the patients received the standard systemic bolus dose of abciximab 0.25 mg/kg either via the IC or IV route, followed by a 12‐hr IV infusion at 0.125 μg/kg/min. The 6‐month composite endpoint of death or myocardial infarction was slightly higher in the IV (13.9%) than in the IC group (5.9%; P = 0.04). The frequency of bleeding complications was similar in both groups. The IC bolus route of abciximab may be superior to the intravenous route. Prospective randomized trials are warranted to validate these findings. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:31–34. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cutting balloon angioplasty of the popliteal and infrapopliteal vessels for symptomatic limb ischemia
Authors: Ansel Gary M. , Sample Nancy S. , Botti Charles F. , Tracy Amy J. , Silver Mitchell J. , Marshall Brian J. , George Barry S. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractOptions for lower limb percutaneous revascularization are limited especially for complex vessel obstruction. Cutting balloon angioplasty (CBA) has been described in the coronary literature as effective for complex disease. We analyzed our peripheral vascular database and report procedural outcomes along with the clinical success at a mean of 1‐year follow‐up in 73 patients with symptomatic lower limb ischemia undergoing CBA. CBA was successfully completed in all 73 patients (93 vessels; 100%) with predilation necessary in 4% of vessels. Severe intimal dissection or inadequate hemodynamic result necessitated in adjunctive stenting in 20%. There were no incidents of vessel perforation or surgical target vessel revascularization. One patient (1.5%) died during the periprocedural period due to renal failure. After mean follow‐up of 1 year (6–21 months), 89.5% of threatened limbs were salvaged. CBA is a safe and feasible option for the treatment of popliteal and infrapopliteal vessels. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:1–4. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anterior wall myocardial infarction in real world: Does reperfusion strategy make any differences?
Authors: Solodky Alejandro , Assali Abid R. , Behar Solomon , Boyko Valentina , Battler Alexander , Kornowski Ran 
Published: December 2003

AbstractSome prospective randomized trials have established the superiority of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) over fibrinolytic treatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). These excellent PCI results are not duplicated in smaller hospitals where there may be delays in getting the cardiac catheterization team to the laboratory. This study aimed to compare the outcome of patients with anterior wall MI, without cardiogenic shock on admission, treated with primary PCI or thrombolytic therapy, in everyday practice. The data of all patients with MI hospitalized in all coronary care units operating in Israel during three consecutive national surveys was analyzed. A total of 1,038 patients with anterior wall MI were treated by reperfusion (886 received thrombolytic therapy, 152 primary PCI). Overall, the outcome of patients treated using primary PCI was better compared to patients treated with thrombolysis, with 68% relative risk reduction of 30‐day mortality (mortality at 30 days: 2% vs. 6.3%; P = 0.04). A subanalysis of patients according to age showed that the beneficial effect of primary PCI on mortality was mainly clustered among the younger. In our study, patients (especially younger than 75 years) with anterior wall MI allocated to primary PCI have a better clinical outcome. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:79–83. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predictors of vessel remodeling following directional coronary atherectomy
Authors: Kawamura Akio , Asakura Yasushi , Okabe Teruo , Yamane Akiko , Hui‐Chong Li , Ogawa Satoshi 
Published: December 2003

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to clarify predictors of vessel remodeling following directional coronary atherectomy (DCA). Negative remodeling after DCA leads to restenosis. However, little is known about the predictors of the vessel remodeling. Serial IVUS was performed in 43 lesions. The vessel remodeling was defined as adaptive if vessel area at follow‐up minus postprocedure vessel area was > 0 mm2, or as constrictive if < 0 mm2. Adaptive remodeling occurred in 21 (49%) lesions. Postprocedure percent plaque area was smaller in the adaptive group (32.9% ± 5.7% vs. 45.5% ± 8.8%; P < 0.005). At follow‐up, vessel area was larger in the adaptive group. However, plaque area was similar between the two groups. As a result, lumen area was larger in the adaptive group. Multivariate analyses showed that postprocedure percent plaque area < 40% was the only predictor of adaptive remodeling (odds ratio, 6.68; P < 0.05). Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:44–51. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Penetrating ulcer of ascending thoracic aorta in syphilis
Authors: Saleem Mohammad A. , McNeeley Marise , Zias Elias , Pucillo Anthony , Ro Jae H. , Weiss Melvin B. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractPenetrating aortic ulcers (PAUs) are rare exotic pathological entities, classically located in the descending thoracic aorta. Their association with syphilis has never been reported. We describe a first case of a patient with cardiovascular syphilis presenting as PAU in the ascending aorta. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:16–19. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Angiographic and hemodynamic predictors for successful outcome of transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus in infants less than 8 kilograms
Authors: Forbes Thomas J. , Harahsheh Ashraf , Rodriguez‐Cruz Edwin , Morrow William R. , Thomas Ronald , Turner Daniel , Vincent Julie A. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractTranscatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) using Gianturco coils (GCs) has been performed for the past decade. However, little has been written regarding anatomical and hemodynamic predictors for successful occlusion of the PDA in infants. This report is to evaluate the outcome of transcatheter occlusion of PDA in symptomatic infants less than 8 kg and to assess predictors of successful occlusion. Retrospective review of catheterization charts and cineangiograms of 42 symptomatic infants who underwent cardiac catheterization for attempted transcatheter occlusion of their PDA was conducted. The hemodynamic and angiographic data evaluated included the length/diameter (L/D) ratio, defined as the length divided by the narrowest diameter of the ductus arteriosus, and preocclusion pulmonary artery pressures. Thirty‐one out of 42 patients (74%) had successful occlusion. Twenty‐nine out of 42 infants had an L/D ratio > 3. Of these, 26 (90%) had successful occlusion of their PDA. Thirteen out of 42 patients had an L/D ratio ≤ 3. Of these, 8 (62%) had unsuccessful occlusion. Complications encountered were transient loss of femoral arterial pulse (n = 6), coil embolization (n = 5), hemolysis (n = 2), and mild left pulmonary artery obstruction (n = 2). No permanent loss of femoral arterial pulse was noted. These complications resulted in no mortality and minimal morbidity. The L/D ratio was the strongest predictor of successful outcome, with an L/D ratio greater than 3.0 being more amenable to transcatheter occlusion (odds ratio of 4.6). Other predictors for success included lower preocclusion systolic, diastolic, and mean pulmonary artery pressure and smaller ductal diameter. Our conclusion was that infants less than 8 kg with an L/D ratio > 3.0 can safely and successfully undergo transcatheter occlusion of their PDA using transcatheter coils. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:117–122. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antiphospholipid antibodies are common in patients referred for percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure
Authors: Dodge Stephen M. , Hassell Kathryn , Anderson C. Alan , Keller Jana , Groves Bertron , Carroll John D. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractVery little is known about any interaction between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and various hypercoagulable disorders that have been associated with cryptogenic stroke. Percutaneous PFO closure for secondary prevention of paradoxical thromboembolization is receiving increasing attention. Hypercoagulability may affect the potential risks and expected benefits of percutaneous PFO closure. Consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous PFO closure at a single center were screened for the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, elevated lipoprotein(a), hyperhomocysteinemia, and dysfibrinogenemia. Sixteen of 34 patients (47%) with complete arterial hypercoagulability screening had laboratory evidence of arterial hypercoagulability. Thirteen of these patients (38%) had antiphospholipid antibodies. Antiphospholipid antibodies appear to be common in patients referred for percutaneous PFO closure for secondary prevention of systemic thromboembolic events. Thorough testing based on established recommendations is warranted. Further studies are needed regarding the interaction between PFO and various hypercoagulable disorders that have been associated with cryptogenic stroke. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:123–127. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hollow‐fiber assay for ligand‐mediated cell adhesion
Authors: Nordon Robert E. , Shu Alan , Camacho Fernando , Milthorpe Bruce K. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractBackgroundThe investigation of receptor‐ligand interactions in the cellular context presents significant technical challenges, first, to immobilize the ligand in a manner that preserves functional properties and, second, to relate ligand properties to cell adhesion and other cellular processes.MethodsLigand‐mediated cell adhesion was characterized by the development of a cellulose hollow‐fiber adhesion assay in which ligand (protein A) was immobilized onto the cellulose membrane as a recombinant fusion protein containing a cellulose‐binding domain affinity tag. Modules containing single cellulose hollow fibers were connected to a micro‐flow system for cell deposition and detachment with fluid shear stress. The cell adhesion process that occurred inside a segment of hollow fiber was observed in real time by using an inverted microscope equipped with a CCD camera and digital frame grabber. Image analysis software was developed to count cells and record digital images.ResultsCell adhesion strength was characterized by counting the number of cells that were detached by application of fluid shear stress with values that ranged from 2.3 to 185 dyne/cm2. The median shear stress of detachment of KG1a cells was directly related to the duration of membrane contact and the amount of immobilized monoclonal antibody (anti‐CD34).ConclusionsThe hollow‐fiber assay provides a general method to determine functional properties of molecular domains that interact with cell surface receptors and markers. Cytometry Part A 57A:39–44, 2004. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fourier transformed spectral bio‐imaging for studying the intracellular fate of liposomes
Authors: Huth Ulrich , Wieschollek Ansgar , Garini Yuval , Schubert Rolf , Peschka‐Süss Regine 
Published: December 2003

AbstractBackgroundTo improve the efficiency of liposomal drug targeting systems, it is necessary to understand the mechanism of liposome uptake by the cell and to follow the intracellular fate of internalized liposomes and their contents.MethodsWe applied multiple‐color fluorescence imaging spectroscopy, using a combination of five fluorescent dyes with a significant spectral overlap. pH‐sensitive liposomes were labeled with the hydrophilic dye fluorescein isothiocyanate‐dextran (FITC‐dextran) or the lipophilic membrane marker rhodamine‐B‐phosphoethanolamine (Rh‐PE) and incubated with COS‐7 cells. Further, the cells were stained with specific markers: the cell membrane was fluorescently labeled with Vybrant DiO, lysosomes were stained with LysoTracker Red, and 4′,6 diamidino‐2‐phenylindole dihydrochloride was used for counterstaining the nucleus.ResultsAll five dyes were used simultaneously and were spectrally distinguished by the system. FITC‐dextran‐labeled liposomes showed a distribution pattern different from identically composed liposomes labeled with Rh‐PE: the highly lipophilic Rh‐PE was colocalized with the lysosomotropic dye LysoTracker Red, whereas liposomal FITC‐dextran was not accompanied by LysoTracker Red in all cases.Conclusions(a) Spectral (bio‐) imaging is a powerful method for studying the intracellular fate of liposomal compounds. (b) We assume that the liposome membrane marker Rh‐PE influences the uptake of particles due to its surface‐modifying properties. We propose that this head‐group‐labeled phospholipid acts as a ligand for cellular receptors and triggers receptor‐mediated (clathrin‐dependent) endocytosis. Cytometry Part A 57A:10–21, 2004. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Direct neural network application for automated cell recognition
Authors: Zheng Qing , Milthorpe Bruce K. , Jones Allan S. 
Published: December 2003

AbstractBackgroundAutomated cell recognition from histologic images is a very complex task. Traditionally, the image is segmented by some methods chosen to suit the image type, the objects are measured, and then a classifier is used to determine cell type from the object's measurements. Different classifiers have been used with reasonable success, including neural networks working with data from morphometric analysis.MethodsImage data of cells were input directly into neural networks to determine the feasibility of direct classification by using pixel intensity information. Several types of neural network and their ability to work with cells in a complex patterned background were assessed for a variety of images and cell types and for the accuracy of classification.ResultsInflammatory cells from animal biomaterial implants in rabbit paravertebral muscle were imaged in histologic sections. Simple, three‐layer, fully connected, back‐propagation neural networks and four‐layer networks with two layers of a shared‐weights neural network were most successful at classifying the cells from the images, with 97% and 98% correct recognition rates, respectively.ConclusionsThe high accuracy recognition rate shows the potential for direct classification of visual image pixel data by neural networks. Cytometry Part A 57A:1–9, 2004. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Image analysis for automatic segmentation of cytoplasms and classification of Rac1 activation
Authors: Lindblad Joakim , Wählby Carolina , Bengtsson Ewert , Zaltsman Alla 
Published: December 2003

AbstractBackgroundRac1 is a GTP‐binding molecule involved in a wide range of cellular processes. Using digital image analysis, agonist‐induced translocation of green fluorescent protein (GFP) Rac1 to the cellular membrane can be estimated quantitatively for individual cells.MethodsA fully automatic image analysis method for cell segmentation, feature extraction, and classification of cells according to their activation, i.e., GFP‐Rac1 translocation and ruffle formation at stimuli, is described. Based on training data produced by visual annotation of four image series, a statistical classifier was created.ResultsThe results of the automatic classification were compared with results from visual inspection of the same time sequences. The automatic classification differed from the visual classification at about the same level as visual classifications performed by two different skilled professionals differed from each other. Classification of a second image set, consisting of seven image series with different concentrations of agonist, showed that the classifier could detect an increased proportion of activated cells at increased agonist concentration.ConclusionsIntracellular activities, such as ruffle formation, can be quantified by fully automatic image analysis, with an accuracy comparable to that achieved by visual inspection. This analysis can be done at a speed of hundreds of cells per second and without the subjectivity introduced by manual judgments. Cytometry Part A 57A:22–33, 2004. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.