bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and incidence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection: a systematic review protocol
Authors: McCullough Amanda , Palokas Michelle 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
The objective of this review is to determine the prevalence and incidence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection.

Introduction:

Mycoplasma genitalium is a sexually transmitted pathogen that can cause reproductive health issues in men and women. Recent US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved testing has improved the capability to more readily diagnose and treat this infection. Determining the incidence and prevalence of this sexually transmitted infection is imperative to better understand the epidemiologic implications and long-term consequences of this disease process.

Inclusion criteria:
Studies involving males and females of any age, race, or cultural background will be eligible. Studies conducted in any setting or geographical location that report on prevalence or incidence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection diagnosed by the FDA-approved Aptima Mycoplasma genitalium assay will be included.

Methods:
The proposed systematic review will be conducted in accordance with JBI methodology for systematic reviews of prevalence and incidence, and in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Embase, Web of Science, and Global Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Network (GIDEON) databases will be searched, with no date limits. Prevalence and incidence data, experimental, quasi-experimental, observational, and descriptive studies will be included, and critically appraised by 2 independent reviewers. Data will be extracted using standardized JBI data extraction tools. If sufficient data are available, a meta-analysis will be conducted; otherwise, the findings will be presented in narrative format, including tables and figures to aid in data presentation, where appropriate.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023415457
Order-of-Magnitude Increase in Carbon Nanotube Yield Based on Modeling Transient Diffusion and Outgassing of Water From Reactor Walls
Authors: Tomaraei Golnaz , Abdulhafez Moataz , Bedewy Mostafa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
While reactor wall preconditioning was previously shown to influence the yield in chemical vapor deposition (CVD), especially for the growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), it was limited to studying accumulating carbonaceous deposits over a number of runs. However, the effects of temperature and duration as the reactor walls are exposed to hot humidity for extended periods between growth runs were not previously studied systematically. Here, we combine experimental measurements with a mathematical model to elucidate how the thermochemical history of reactor walls impacts growth yield, especially knowing that only a specific range of humidity promotes growth. Importantly, we demonstrate a one-order-of-magnitude higher CNT yield by increasing the interim, i.e., the time between runs. We explain the results based on previously unexplored process sensitivity to trace amounts of oxygen-containing species in the reactor. In particular, we model the effect of small amounts of water vapor being desorbed from reactor walls during growth. Our results reveal the outgassing dynamics and show the underlying mechanism of generating growth-promoting molecules. By installing a humidity sensor in our custom-designed multizone rapid thermal CVD reactor, we are able to uniquely correlate the amount of moisture within the reactor to real-time measurements of growth kinetics, as well as ex situ characterization of CNT alignment and atomic defects. Our findings enable a scientifically grounded approach toward both boosting growth yield and improving its consistency by reducing run-to-run variations. Accordingly, engineered dynamics recipes with added preprocessing steps can be envisioned to leverage this phenomenon for improving manufacturing process scalability and robustness.
Genome-sequenced bacterial collection from sorghum aerial root mucilage
Authors: Mechan-Llontop Marco E. , Mullet John , Shade Ashley 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
A collection of 47 bacteria isolated from the mucilage of aerial roots of energy sorghum is available at the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA. We enriched bacteria with putative plant-beneficial phenotypes and included information on phenotypic diversity, taxonomy, and whole genome sequences.
Lengthening sleep reduces pain in childhood arthritis: a crossover randomised controlled trial
Authors: Clairman Hayyah , Dover Saunya , Tomlinson George , Beebe Dean , Cameron Bonnie , Laxer Ronald M , Levy Deborah , Narang Indra , Paetkau Susan , Schneider Rayfel , Spiegel Lynn , Stephens Samantha , Stinson Jennifer , Tse Shirley , Weiss Shelly , Whitney Kristi , Feldman Brian M 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a common chronic childhood disease and chronic pain is a debilitating feature. A strong link has been shown between poor sleep and pain in JIA. However, the causal direction is unknown. This study’s aim was to determine if, in adolescents with JIA, a recommended healthful sleep duration leads to reductions in pain when compared with the restricted sleep (RS) duration that is commonly seen.MethodsPatients with JIA (12–18 years old; pain score of ≥1 on a visual analogue scale) participated in a randomised, crossover sleep manipulation protocol. The 3-week protocol comprised a baseline week (BL), a week with healthy sleep duration (HSD; 9.5 hours in bed/night) and a RS week (RS; 6.5 hours in bed/night). After BL, participants were randomly assigned to either HSD or RS, and then crossed over to the other condition. Pain was self-assessed using the iCanCope with Pain app. We used Bayesian hierarchical models to estimate the effect of sleep duration on pain.ResultsParticipants (n=31; mean age=15.0±1.8 years) averaged 1.4 (95% credible interval (CrI) 1.2–1.6) more hours of sleep per night during HSD relative to RS. Compared with RS, HSD resulted in a favourable effect on pain scores (OR 0.61, 95% CrI 0.39–0.95).ConclusionIt is possible to have adolescents with childhood arthritis get a healthier sleep duration, and this longer sleep results in reduced pain. These findings complement prior correlational studies and confirm a causal relationship between reduced sleep duration and increased pain.Trial registration numberNCT04133662.
Vascular effects of midazolam, flumazenil, and a novel imidazobenzodiazepine MP-III-058 on isolated rat aorta
Authors: Bojić Milica Gajić , Treven Marco , Pandey Kamal P. , Tiruveedhula V.V.N. Phani Babu , Santrač Anja , Đukanović Đorđe , Vojinović Nataša , Amidžić Ljiljana , Škrbić Ranko , Scholze Petra , Ernst Margot , Cook James M. , Savić Miroslav M. 
Published: November 2023

Hypotensive influences of benzodiazepines and other GABAA receptor ligands, recognized in clinical practice, seem to stem from the existence of “vascular” GABAA receptors in peripheral blood vessels, besides any mechanisms in the central and peripheral nervous systems. We aimed to further elucidate the vasodilatatory effects of ligands acting through GABAA receptors. Using immunohistochemistry, the rat aortic smooth muscle layer was found to express GABAA γ2 and α1-5 subunit proteins. To confirm the role of “vascular” GABAA receptors, we investigated the vascular effects of standard benzodiazepines, midazolam, and flumazenil, as well as the novel compound MP-III-058. Using two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology and radioligand binding assays, MP-III-058 was found to have modest binding but substantial functional selectivity for α5β3γ2 over other α xβ3γ2 GABAA receptors. Tissue bath assays revealed comparable vasodilatory effects of MP-III-058 and midazolam, both of which at 100 µmol/L concentrations had efficacy similar to prazosin. Flumazenil exhibited weak vasoactivity per se, but significantly prevented the relaxant effects of midazolam and MP-III-058. These studies indicate the existence of functional GABAA receptors in the rat aorta, where ligands exert vasodilatory effects by positive modulation of the benzodiazepine binding site, suggesting the potential for further quest for leads with optimized pharmacokinetic properties as prospective adjuvant vasodilators.
Data from Gene–Environment Analyses in a UK Biobank Skin Cancer Cohort Identifies Important SNPs in DNA Repair Genes That May Help Prognosticate Disease Risk
Authors: Jeremian Richie , Xie Pingxing , Fotovati Misha , Lefrançois Philippe , Litvinov Ivan V. 
Published: November 2023

<div>AbstractBackground:<p>Despite well-established relationships between sun exposure and skin cancer pathogenesis/progression, specific gene–environment interactions in at-risk individuals remain poorly-understood.</p>Methods:<p>We leveraged a UK Biobank cohort of basal cell carcinoma (BCC, <i>n</i> = 17,221), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC, <i>n</i> = 2,331), melanoma <i>in situ</i> (M-is, <i>n</i> = 1,158), invasive melanoma (M-inv, <i>n</i> = 3,798), and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 448,164) to quantify the synergistic involvement of genetic and environmental factors influencing disease risk. We surveyed 8,798 SNPs from 190 DNA repair genes, and 11 demographic/behavioral risk factors.</p>Results:<p>Clinical analysis identified darker skin (RR = 0.01–0.65) and hair (RR = 0.27–0.63) colors as protective factors. Eleven SNPs were significantly associated with BCC, three of which were also associated with M-inv. Gene–environment analysis yielded 201 SNP–environment interactions across 90 genes (FDR-adjusted <i>q</i> < 0.05). SNPs from the <i>FANCA</i> gene showed interactions with at least one clinical factor in all cancer groups, of which three (rs9926296, rs3743860, rs2376883) showed interaction with nearly every factor in BCC and M-inv.</p>Conclusions:<p>We identified novel risk factors for keratinocyte carcinomas and melanoma, highlighted the prognostic value of several <i>FANCA</i> alleles among individuals with a history of sunlamp use and childhood sunburns, and demonstrated the importance of combining genetic and clinical data in disease risk stratification.</p>Impact:<p>This study revealed genome-wide associations with important implications for understanding skin cancer risk in the context of the rapidly-evolving field of precision medicine. Major individual factors (including sex, hair and skin color, and sun protection use) were significant mediators for all skin cancers, interacting with >200 SNPs across four skin cancer types.</p></div>
Description of massage interventions in randomised clinical trials for neck pain; a review using the TIDieR checklist
Authors: Ishaq Iqra , Skinner Ian W , Mehta Poonam , Verhagen Arianne P 
Published: November 2023

Objective How interventions are reported can impact the ability to implement these intervention in clinical practice. Therefore, our aim is to assess the reporting of massage interventions in randomised controlled trials for patients with neck pain. Data sources This manuscript concerns a secondary analysis of trials evaluating massage for neck pain selected for a scoping review. An updated literature search was completed using four databases to 31 July 2023. Review methods Trials were selected that evaluate massage interventions. Two independent assessors extracted descriptive information, methodological quality (PEDro-scale) and assessed completeness of reporting of the intervention using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDier-checklist). We present frequencies of the extracted data. Results We included 35 trials (2840 patients) with neck pain. Most trials (n = 23) included patients with chronic non-specific neck pain. We found a wide variety of massage interventions from Chinese massage, Swedish massage to myofascial release. In addition, the dose, number of sessions and the duration of the intervention varied widely. The methodological quality overall was fair to good (varied between 4–8/10), and we found a moderate completeness of reporting. All trials provided the name of the intervention, 30 (86%) provided a rationale and 26 (74%) trials described details of the massage intervention. Conclusion The massage interventions were moderately described in trials in patients with neck pain, but provided enough information to guide the decision making for designing future Network Meta-analysis as to what trials need to be considered when grouping massage interventions in a clinically relevant way.
Associated factors of malnutrition status among children and adolescents living with HIV in Tanzania: Individual-level analysis and marginal effect estimation
Authors: Chacha Samuel , Hui Jing , Yuxin Teng , Ziping Wang , Yan Huang , Ali Saumu , Abeid Wahida , Dominick William , Malimu Emmanuel , Emanuel Florian , Saidi Saidi , Lyimo Deogratias , Mwanyika Veronica , Kumalija Elfrida , Dang Shaonong 
Published: November 2023

Objectives This study aimed to identify individual-level factors that affect malnutrition outcomes among children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania. Methods We used data from the National AIDS Control Programme. 70,102 participants aged 5 to 19 years attending care and treatment clinics between January to December 2021 were included. Nutritional assessments were performed by anthropometric measurement. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate risk factors. We further estimated marginal prevalence and adjusted predictions by marginal effects. Supplementary analysis assessed the accuracy of the final fitted model. Results Prevalence of malnutrition for stunting, underweight, wasting, and anthropometric failure (CIAF) were 36.0%, 28.9%, 13.0%, and 48.0%, respectively. Several individual-level factors were significant determinants of malnutrition. Boys, participants aged 15-19 years, those switched to second- or third-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), initiated ART at ages of 5-14 years, ART duration less than 3 years, and were in advanced stages of WHO HIV clinical status had increased adjusted odds ratios and marginal prevalence. The larger AUC values for all models implied importance of identified factors accounted for malnutrition. Conclusions On long-term ART, nutritional interventions should be context-specific guidelines to improve growth, especially at ART initiation, ART regimen, and ART duration reckoning with age and sex.
Pediatric Antimicrobial Usage in a Secondary Care Hospital in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Dawood Sarah , Sharifian Yasmin , Mardini Masah , Jawhar Duaa , Bairy Laxminarayana Kurady , Srinivasamurthy Suresh Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Objectives To assess the pattern of antimicrobial use among pediatric inpatients in a secondary care hospital in the United Arab Emirates. Materials and Methods The prospective study was conducted based on the electronic records of 600 patients, collected over a period of 11 months, from September 2020 to July 2021. The primary patient population was the pediatric patients receiving antimicrobials admitted to Saqr Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah (RAK), United Arab Emirates (UAE). The data gathered includes general patient information, lab investigations, diagnoses, chronic medical conditions, and antimicrobials used. The number of defined daily doses (DDDs) administered per patient was calculated for each antimicrobial prescribed as per the WHO anatomical therapeutic chemical classification. Results Out of 1400 patients admitted to the pediatric unit during the 11-month study period, 600 (42.8%) received antimicrobials. The mean duration of hospital stay was 3.44 days, and each patient received a mean of 1.41 antimicrobials per prescription. The mean days of antimicrobial therapy were 6.9 days. The majority of the patients were aged 0–5 years (61.1%), and 58% of the total sample was male. Amongst a total of 41 different antimicrobials prescribed, the beta-lactam co-amoxiclav (J01CR02) was the most frequently (19.3%) used one, followed by cefuroxime (J01DC02) (16.3%), amoxicillin (J01CA04) (15.0%), and azithromycin (J01FA10) (5.99%). These were administered mainly via the parenteral route, and the most common indication was respiratory disease. Conclusion Our study concludes that most of the prescribed antimicrobials for pediatric patients are within the WHO access and watch group. Co-amoxiclav, cefuroxime, and amoxicillin are the most frequently used antimicrobials. The main indication for use was respiratory illness.
Knowledge and Behaviors of Foot Care in Muslims With Diabetes Mellitus: Does Islamic Ritual Ablution Make a Difference?
Authors: Akça Doğan Derya , Efil Sevda , Kalkan Uğurlu Yasemin , Camci Gazi Baran 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the relationship between ablution ritual and foot knowledge, self-care behaviors, and the presence of diabetic foot ulcers in Muslims with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methodology: A descriptive, comparative method was utilized to identify ablution ritual and foot knowledge, self-care behaviors, and the presence of diabetic foot ulcers. Results: There were 228 persons with T2DM, with 162 participants (71.1%) in the ablution group and 66 participants (28.9%) in the no-ablution group, with 19.7% having diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetic foot knowledge and foot self-care behaviors of persons with T2DM were below a medium level, and there was a significant difference between ablution behavior and the presence of diabetic foot ulcers ( x2 =6.646, p<.05). Discussion: Culturally congruent interventions that acknowledge and understand the cultural practices and beliefs of Muslims with T2DM may be recommended to enhance their knowledge levels and promote positive behavior changes.
Comparison of cytotoxic, apoptotic and oxidative properties of Akacid plus and chlorhexidine in corneal epithelial cell culture
Authors: Kucukoduk Ali , Durmus Bilgiseven Irem Mukaddes , Aksoy Mustafa , Karakurt Serdar 
Published: November 2023

Purpose This study aims to compare the cytotoxic, apoptotic, and oxidative effects of a new cationic disinfectant, Akacid Plus, with chlorhexidine, on the human corneal epithelial cell line. Methods Time-dependent cytotoxicity studies were performed with the Alamar Blue method. Apoptotic activity was investigated by flow cytometric methods. Reactive oxygen species levels were measured with the ROS cellular test kit. BAX, BCL2 and caspase 3, 9, 12 mRNA expressions were evaluated by PCR, as well as BAX and BCL2 protein expressions by Western-Blot. Results At the fifth minute of the treatment, the viability was 68.15% with Akacid Plus and 43.95% with chlorhexidine. At the 15th minute, no significant difference was observed with both solutions. In the apoptotic evaluation, Akacid Plus significantly increased the early and late apoptotic activity in the cell line ( p < 0.0001), while a significant increase was observed in late apoptosis and necrosis levels with chlorhexidine ( p < 0.001). Chlorhexidine also induced gene expression of BAX, BCL2, caspase 3, 9 and BAX proteins ( p < 0.05), while reducing protein expression of BCL2 ( p < 0.001). Akacid Plus induced the gene expressions of BCL2, CASP3 and caspase 9, reduced gene expressions of BAX and caspase 12 and protein expression of BCL2 ( p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the ROS level with both solutions ( p > 0.05). Conclusion Due to the widespread use of cationic polymers in ophthalmology, this new molecule with high antimicrobial activity and relatively low cytotoxicity may be of interest for clinical use. Further investigations are necessary to fully understand the ophthalmologic potential of this solution.
Step-cut osteotomy of the anterior superior iliac spine for increased visualisation in the Levine approach for Bernese periacetabular osteotomy surgery
Authors: Smith Shelby R. , Terhune E. Bailey , Williams Joel C. , Mayo Keith A. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Hip dysplasia can lead to pain and dysfunction in the young adult. Acetabular undercoverage leads to abnormal joint loading and results in joint degeneration, accelerating need for arthroplasty in this patient population. Conceptually, treatment focuses on increasing acetabular coverage in the form of periacetabular osteotomy. The procedure can be performed through the iliofemoral approach, and performing an anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) osteotomy can enhance the visualisation in this approach. Several techniques have been described for ASIS osteotomy. Aim: The purpose this study was to report on step-cut technique for ASIS osteotomy during the Bernese periacetabular osteotomy procedure to enhance visualisation when utilising the iliofemoral approach. Surgical technique: This step-cut technique enhances stability at the osteotomy site, and minimises soft tissue dissection to reduce pain and assists with maintaining a stable fixation construct postoperatively. Results: There were no nonunions and minimal morbidity to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury in cohort of 86 patients while utilising this technique. Conclusions: We recommend using this step-cut ostetomy of the ASIS during Bernese periactetabular osteotomy for benefit of increasing exposure while maintaining a low complication profile.
Multivariable Automated Insulin Delivery System for Handling Planned and Spontaneous Physical Activities
Authors: Askari Mohammad Reza , Ahmadasas Mohammad , Shahidehpour Andrew , Rashid Mudassir , Quinn Laurie , Park Minsun , Cinar Ali 
Published: November 2023

Background: Hybrid closed-loop control of glucose levels in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is limited by the requirements on users to manually announce physical activity (PA) and meals to the artificial pancreas system. Multivariable automated insulin delivery (mvAID) systems that can handle unannounced PAs and meals without any manual announcements by the user can improve glycemic control by modulating insulin dosing in response to the occurrence and intensity of spontaneous physical activities. Methods: An mvAID system is developed to supplement the glucose measurements with additional physiological signals from a wristband device, with the signals analyzed using artificial intelligence algorithms to automatically detect the occurrence of PA and estimate its intensity. This additional information gained from the physiological signals enables more proactive insulin dosing adjustments in response to both planned exercise and spontaneous unanticipated physical activities. Results: In silico studies of the mvAID illustrate the safety and efficacy of the system. The mvAID is translated to pilot clinical studies to assess its performance, and the clinical experiments demonstrate an increased time in range and reduced risk of hypoglycemia following unannounced PA and meals. Conclusions: The mvAID systems can increase the safety and efficacy of insulin delivery in the presence of unannounced physical activities and meals, leading to improved lives and less burden on people with T1D.