bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality trends and disparities for coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease: A retrospective analysis of deaths in the United States from 1999–2020
Authors: Goyal Aman , Saeed Humza , Sultan Wania , Singh Ajeet , Abdullah  , Arshad Muhammad Khubaib , Amin Zubair , Changez Mah I Kan , Mahalwar Gauranga , Khan Rozi , AlJaroudi Wael 
Published: February 2025

Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) greatly influence morbidity and mortality, with COPD patients frequently suffering from cardiovascular comorbidities like coronary heart disease and stroke. This study analyzes mortality trends and disparities among individuals in the United States (US) affected by both CVD and COPD.

Methods
This study analyzed death certificates from the CDC WONDER database for individuals aged 25 and older who died between 1999 and 2020 with both CVD (ICD I00-I99) and COPD (ICD J41-J44). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) and annual percent change (APC) were calculated by year, sex, age group, race/ethnicity, geographic region, and urbanization status.

Results
Between 1999 and 2020, there were 3,590,124 reported deaths due to coexisting CVD and COPD, with overall AAMR slightly changing from 82.2 to 81.2 per 100,000 population, and a notable rise from 2018 to 2020 (APC: 5.28; 95% CI: 1.83 to 7.22) coinciding with the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. A similar surge in mortality was observed across multiple demographic subgroups, particularly among older adults. Disparities across age groups, sex, race, and geographic location were also observed in the mortality rates due to CVD and COPD. When analyzed by age group, older adults exhibited the highest AAMR at 824.1. Men had higher AAMRs than women (96.5 vs. 60.7). Ethnoracial analysis showed that non-Hispanic (NH) White individuals had the highest AAMRs (82.0), followed by NH American Indian or Alaska Native (74.5), NH Black (63.6), Hispanic (38.1), and NH Asian or Pacific Islander (25.1) individuals. Additionally, non-metropolitan areas had higher AAMRs compared to metropolitan areas (96.2 vs. 70.9).

Conclusions
The findings suggest that mortality rates for CVD and COPD have increased in recent years, coinciding with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have exacerbated outcomes in vulnerable populations. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to address the overlapping impacts of CVD and COPD, especially in high-risk groups.
SPONDYLO - EPI - METAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA IN A PRETERM NEONATE - A CASE REPORT
Authors: agrawal pranav , Chandra N Sharath , B T Madhukiran , P Anushri , Ravali R , K G Naveen 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Spondylo-epi-metaphyseal Dysplasias [SEMD] are a rare variant of osteo-chondrodysplasia characterized by severe vertebral and epi-metaphyseal abnormalities leading to severe short stature.
Isidor et.al in 2013 published a novel variant of SEMD with no identifiable mutation in the genes previously associated with SEMD. They presented with normal birth length, early postnatal growth deficiency, severe short stature, and genu varum. Xrays showed platyspondyly and severe epimetaphyseal changes. Later in 2019, Le Caignac et.al demonstrated a mutation in the RPL13 gene in these 2 cases.
We herein present a case of this rare variant of Severe Spondylo-epi-metaphyseal Dysplasia in a preterm neonate.

CASE CHARACTERISTICS:
A female preterm neonate, born to a non consanguinous marriage of 3 years . Antenatal scans at 30+2weeks were suggestive of rhizomelia and polyhydramnios. Baby was born via spontaneous vaginal delivery, Cried immediately after birth, Weight, Length, Occipitofrontal circumference were - 1500g, 37cm and 28cm respectively.
Prominent forehead, Flattened nasal bridge. Short neck, protuberant abdomen were noted. Limbs showed Proximal limb shortening and Joint hyperlaxity. Other systems were normal.
Routine Blood Investigations, Ultrasonography, 2D Echo were found to be normal. Xrays showed - Proximal limb shortening, with irregular and abnormal vertebrae, pelvis, Epi-metaphyses. Radiographs of the mother were found to be normal. MRI reported as pachygyria cortical malformation.
Whole exome sequencing was performed and a mutation in the RPL13 gene was detected.
Baby's growth is being serially monitored and found to be <-3SD as per both WHO Child Growth Standard charts as well as Achondroplasia Clinical Charts.
MESSAGE:
Thisreport will represent the first case of The Isidor Toutain variant of Spondyloepimetaphyseal Dysplasia diagnosed in the neonatal age group.
Quasi liquid layer-pressure asymmetrical model for the motion of of a curling rock on ice surface
Authors: Hao Yuze , Wang Yueqi 
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we present a new model based on Quasi liquid layer to explain why the direction of
lateral motion of the culing rock on ice surface is opposite to the other material surface. As
we know, under the action of inertial force, the pressure on the ice surface in front of curling is
greater than that on the back. So we assert that the firction coefficientin front of curling is lower
than that on the bank under different pressure. In order to explain the pressure impact on
friction coefficient, we qualitatively account for the reason why the coefficient of friction
increases under the pressure and approximately calculated the relationship between the
pressure and the thickness of the quasi_liquid layer on the ice surface. Then we calculate the
function expression between temperature , pressure and the firction coefficient by the function
between temperature and friction coefficient.
Correlation properties and respiratory frequency of ECG‐derived heart rate variability during multiple race‐pace running intervals in female and male long‐distance runners
Authors: Gronwald Thomas , Schaffarczyk Marcelle , Fohrmann Dominik , Hoos Olaf , Hollander Karsten 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAim was to evaluate alterations of the non‐linear short‐term scaling exponent alpha1 of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFAa1) of heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) as a sensitive marker for assessing global physiological demands during multiple running intervals. As a secondary analysis, agreement of ECG‐derived respiratory frequency (EDR) compared to respiratory frequency (RF) derived from the metabolic cart was evaluated with the same chest belt device. Fifteen trained female and male long‐distance runners completed four running bouts over 5 min on a treadmill at marathon pace. During the last 3 min of each bout gas exchange data and a single‐channel ECG for the determination of HR, DFAa1 of HRV, EDR and RF were analyzed. Additionally, blood lactate concentration (BLC) was determined and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was requested. DFAa1, oxygen consumption, BLC, and RPE showed stable behaviors comparing the running intervals. Only HR (p < 0.001, d = 0.17) and RF (p = 0.012, d = 0.20) indicated slight increases with small effect sizes. In addition, results point towards inter‐individual differences in all internal load metrics. The comparison of EDR with RF during running revealed high correlations (r = 0.80, p < 0.001, ICC3,1 = 0.87) and low mean differences (1.8 ± 4.4 breaths/min), but rather large limits of agreement with 10.4 to −6.8 breaths/min. Results show the necessity of EDR methodology improvement before being used in a wide range of individuals and sports applications. Relationship of DFAa1 to other internal load metrics, including RF, in quasi‐steady‐state conditions bears the potential for further evaluation of exercise prescription and may enlighten decoupling mechanisms during prolonged exercise bouts.
Impact of two different periodized aerobic training on acute cerebrovascular response and cognitive performance in coronary heart disease patients
Authors: Bérubé Béatrice , Boidin Maxime , Gayda Mathieu , Vincent Thomas , Tremblay Jonathan , Juneau Martin , Nigam Anil , Karelis Antony D. , Bherer Louis 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe aim of this study was to measure the effects of chronic and acute aerobic exercise at two different intensities on cognitive performance and cerebrovascular response in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Thirty‐five CHD patients completed two exercise bouts at 30% and 70% of their respective peak aerobic power on an ergocycle while performing cognitive tasks, which included nonexecutive and executive conditions before and after a 3‐month training intervention. Variations of oxy‐ deoxy‐ and total hemoglobin concentrations were measured on the left prefrontal cortex at both intensities using near‐infrared spectroscopy. Aerobic exercise training consisted of linear and nonlinear periodization protocols for three sessions of 30–50 min per week for 12 weeks. Error rate (p < 0.001) and reaction time (p < 0.001) improved after the training program for the executive condition of the cognitive task, regardless of intensity and training groups. Cerebral oxygenation remained similar pre and post intervention for all conditions and acute exercise intensity. Despite the absence of conjunction between cerebral oxygenation and cognition, results suggest that both exercise training programs could improve cognition in CHD patients during acute exercise.
Vitamin D and its relationship to performance and health during a competitive period in elite women's basketball and volleyball players
Authors: Miguel‐Ortega Álvaro , Calleja‐González Julio , Mielgo‐Ayuso Juan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVitamin D [25(OH)D] is a key nutrient, although its level is often low in the general population. To investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and muscle performance, and to analyze how vitamin D changes during a 16‐week competitive season and its relationship to the performance tests performed. Participant characteristics: age 25.1 ± 4.7 years; height 1.8 ± 0.1 m, and body mass 73.9 ± 15.4 kg. Vitamin D levels (ng/mL) were at T1 (September): 33.7 ± 14.7 (n = 23), and at T2 (January): 26.1 ± 7.3 (n = 23). Over 16 weeks of competition, participants' blood was analyzed to determine their vitamin D levels. Their athletic abilities were evaluated through various tests: vertical jumps (standing jump and countermovement jump); 20‐m sprint without direction changes; and intermittent endurance test; the vitamin D level decreased from T1 to T2 by −22. 40% [p < 0.05] but performance improved in all tests performed (SJ: 4.57%; CMJ: 6.94%; VO2max: 4.99% [p < 0.05]; 20 m: −1.83%). There is a relationship between vitamin D levels and physical performance in female indoor athletes. The results suggest that increased training load may also negatively affect vitamin D levels in elite female indoor athletes.
The Evolution of Law and Economics in Korea
Authors: Kim Jeong-Yoo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Law and economics was formally introduced to South Korea in the mid-1980s. It was adopted relatively quickly compared to other Asian countries, and both research and education have been actively pursued. As a result, the Korean Law and Economics Association was founded in 2002, promoting research within the country, and many Korean scholars played a significant role in the establishment and development of the Asian Law and Economics Association, founded in 2005. The growth of the law and economics community in Korea can be attributed to the efforts of many pioneering scholars, as well as the smooth interaction between economics and law within academia and practice. To ensure the continued development of this field, it is essential to enhance understanding between economics and law and to sustain efforts to attract new scholars.
Preliminary analysis of the role of small hepatitis B surface proteins mutations in the pathogenesis of occult hepatitis B infection via the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced UPR-ERAD pathway
Authors: Huang Chengrong , Zhang Hao , Wang Jing , Li Jianfei , Liu Qian , Zong Qiyin , Zhang Yunyun , Wang Qin , Zhou Qiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A growing body of evidence has shown that hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) mutations can influence the occurrence of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), particularly amino acid substitutions in small hepatitis B surface proteins (SHBs). The mechanistic basis for these results, however, remains unclear. This study was designed to explore the potential impact and mechanisms of OBI-related SHBs mutations on serum HBsAg. Huh7 and HepG2 cells were transfected with plasmids encoding wild-type (WT) or OBI-related SHB mutation-containing sequences, after which a chemiluminescence approach was used to detect HBsAg levels in cell culture supernatants. Western blotting was further used to assess HBsAg and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related protein levels in lysates prepared from these cells, while the localization of HBsAg within cells was assessed via immunofluorescent staining. Cells transfected with OBI-related SHB mutation-encoding plasmids exhibited lower supernatant HBsAg levels than cells transfected with WT plasmids. Intracellular and extracellular HBsAg levels in these mutant plasmid-transfected cells were lower relative to those for WT plasmid-transfected cells, and HBsAg accumulation within the ER was detected via immunofluorescent staining in cells transfected with OBI-related SHB mutation-encoding plasmids, ERS-related protein content was also significantly increased in mutant plasmid-transfected cells as compared to those in the WT group. These results suggest that proteins harboring OBI-related mutations may tend to accumulate in the ER, thereby triggering an ERS response and impairing the transcription and translation of HBsAg via the activation of the unfolded protein response and ER-associated protein degradation pathway. These effects ultimately reduce the overall assembly of HBV virions in the ER and their associated secretion.
Paraloratospora edkuensis sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Phaeosphaeriaceae) from the brackish Lake Edku, Egypt
Authors: Bakhit Mahmoud S. , Abdel-Wahab Mohamed A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, we introduce a novel saprobic taxon Paraloratospora edkuensis, from a decaying stem of Phragmites australis collected at Lake Edku, El-Behera Governorate, Egypt. Multi-locus analyses of the combined ITS (internal transcribed spacers of rDNA), LSU (nuclear large subunit rDNA) and tef1-α (translation elongation factor) sequence data placed the new taxon within Paraloratospora as a phylogenetically distinct species in a clade containing two aquatic species P. fructigena and P. marina. The new species is characterized by having globose to subglobose, dark brown to black ascomata with a short neck, 4–8-spored, cylindrical to obclavate asci, and 3-septate, hyaline and fusiform ascospores. Paraloratospora edkuensis differs from P. fructigena and P. marina by having smaller ascomata with a single neck, asci with four or eight ascospores, different mycelial colony morphology, and nucleotide differences of 2.1–3 %, 0.6–1.4 %, and 1.3–6.9 % in the ITS, LSU and tef1-α genes, respectively.
Inclusion of pyridoxine dependent epilepsy in expanded newborn screening programs by tandem mass spectrometry: set up of first and second tier tests
Authors: Damiano Roberta , Della Bona Maria , Procopio Elena , Guerrini Renzo , Bettiol Alessandra , la Marca Giancarlo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by intractable neonatal seizures responsive to pyridoxine. Diagnosis relies on quantification of α-aminoadipic semialdehyde, piperideine-6-carboxylate and pipecolic acid in urine or plasma in patients with overt symptoms. We developed and validated simple and rapid first- and second-tier methods for two recently published biomarkers of PDE (2S,6S-/2S,6R-oxopropylpiperidine-2-carboxylic acid (2-OPP) and 6-oxopiperidine-2-carboxylic acid (6-oxoPIP)) in extended newborn screening (NBS) programs from neonatal dried blood spots (DBS).

Methods
For the first-line test, DBS specimens were collected from 5,405 newborns who underwent routine NBS and analysed by FIA-MS/MS. For the second-tier test, samples were analysed by LC-MS/MS. The neonatal DBS from two patients with genetically confirmed PDE were also analysed.

Results
The reference values for NBS resulted <0.34 μmol/L for 2-OPP and <4.51 μmol/L for 6-oxoPIP. In the second-tier test, limits of detection were 0.07 μmol/L and 0.14 μmol/L, whereas limits of quantification were 0.25 μmol/L and 0.48 μmol/L, respectively, for 2-OPP and for 6-oxoPIP. The tests provided good linearity, reproducibility, accuracy and precision, with acceptable matrix effect and carry-over, according to international validation criteria. The biomarkers in DBS were stable at room temperature, +4 °C and −20 °C for one month. When assessing these biomarkers in two patients with genetically confirmed PDE, the higher sensitivity of 2-OPP as compared to 6-oxoPIP in discriminating PDE emerged.

Conclusions
The first-line and second-tier tests developed in this study highlight the potential for including PDE in the NBS panel, early diagnosis and prompt precision treatment initiation.
Generative künstliche Intelligenz im Innovationsmanagement: Potenziale und Herausforderungen
Authors: Keicher Lukas , Spitzley Anne , Ardilio Antonino , Arnold Maike 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Generative künstliche Intelligenz (GenAI) hat das Potenzial, die Wissensarbeit und damit das Innovationsmanagement zu revolutionieren. Um die erwarteten Veränderungen beschreiben zu können, wurde eine umfassende Befragung unter Expertinnen und Experten aus der Industrie und Forschung durchgeführt. Viele der Befragten sehen derzeit keine relevante Rolle von GenAI im Innovationsmanagement. Die Befragungsergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass mehr und mehr Aufgaben von GenAI übernommen werden könnten, denn es wird ein hohes bis sehr hohes Unterstützungspotenzial durch GenAI in allen Phasen des Innovationsprozesses erwartet. Gleichzeitig werden aktuell auch Herausforderungen beim Einsatz von GenAI im Innovationsmanagement gesehen. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass einige dieser Hindernisse durch den technologischen Fortschritt überwunden werden. Empfehlenswert für Unternehmen ist daher, proaktiv GenAI-Fähigkeiten zu entwickeln, um frühzeitig die Komplexität der Technologie zu verstehen und die sich bietenden Chancen zu nutzen. Aufgrund der begrenzten Anzahl an Teilnehmenden und deren zufälligen Auswahl ist die Studie nicht repräsentativ. Dennoch liefern die Ergebnisse Ansatzpunkte für weitere Forschungen. So stellen z. B. Vergleiche der erwarteten Potenziale und Herausforderungen des Einsatzes von GenAI im Innovationsmanagement zwischen Weltregionen oder longitudinale Erhebungen zu tatsächlich eintretenden Veränderungen relevante Forschungsansätze dar.
Performance analysis of VLC-based underwater optical communication using polarization division multiplexing and advanced modulation techniques
Authors: Sharma Abhishek 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) has emerged as a promising solution for high-speed, low-latency communication in underwater environments. This study investigates the performance of a visible light communication (VLC)-based UWOC system incorporating polarization division multiplexing (PDM) and advanced modulation schemes, including non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ). The system, utilizing red, green, and blue (RGB) wavelengths, was evaluated under three distinct environmental conditions: Pure Sea, Clear Ocean, and Coastal Ocean, each characterized by varying levels of attenuation due to differences in scattering and absorption coefficients. Through comprehensive simulations, key performance metrics such as bit error rate (BER), transmission range, and eye patterns were analyzed. Results reveal that RZ modulation consistently outperformed NRZ, providing superior signal clarity and lower BER across all conditions. Among the wavelengths, blue light demonstrated the best performance due to its lower susceptibility to attenuation, making it ideal for high-speed communication. These findings contribute to the development of robust UWOC systems for applications in environmental monitoring, underwater exploration, and autonomous vehicle communication.
Adhered macrophages as an additional marker of cardiomyocyte injury in biopsies of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Warmusz Oliwia , Badziński Arkadiusz , Reichman-Warmusz Edyta , Dudek Damian , Wojnicz Romuald 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Macrophage accumulation found in biopsy specimens of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been thought to reflect chronic myocarditis. However, it is unsettled whether they are responsible for the active or persistent phase of the disease.

Objective
The aim of this study was to count the number of macrophages in relation to plasma concentrations of cardiac troponin T (cTnT).

Methods
We studied the biopsies of 181 patients with DCM by immunohistochemistry using anti-CD68(+) antibodies. The total number of CD68(+) and the number of CD68(+) cells attached to injured cardiomyocytes were counted and presented as the number of cells/mm2.

Results
Two expression patterns of CD68(+) macrophages were observed: those localized freely in the interstitial space only, and the cells attached to injured cardiomyocytes. As regards macrophages adhered to injured cardiomyocytes, 72 out of 181 (39.8%) patients presented these cells in the biopsy sections. Both the total number of CD68(+) macrophages and the number of CD68(+) cells directly adhered correlated negatively with cTnT in the serum of DCM patients (Spearman’s rho, r = −0.45, P < 0.001 and r = −0.31, P = 0.009, respectively).

Conclusion
Macrophages attached to injured cardiomyocytes may reflect chronic (ongoing) inflammation in the myocardium.
Mechanical characterization of sandwich composite structures with Alumix231 foam core between Al2024/B4C composite plates
Authors: Saygılı Betül , Albayrak Sevda , Karakoç Halil , Çinici Hanifi , Çıtak Ramazan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The study investigates the production of lightweight B4C particle-reinforced aluminum sandwich foam (ASF) materials, crucial for high impact and corrosion resistance, particularly in defense and automotive sectors. These materials are manufactured via powder metallurgy. Five different combinations of ASF materials, layered and unlayered with B4C, were examined. Alumix231 served as the primary material in the Al foam, with TiH2 as the blowing agent. In layered ASF materials, Al2024 powder acted as the main material, reinforced by B4C particles. Samples with various configurations, including foam, foam/Al2024 layers, and 5-10–20 % B4C particle-reinforced Al2024 layers, were produced. After powder mixing, they were filled into a hot pressing mold, pre-pressed at 25 MPa, dwelled at 550 °C for 30 min, then hot pressed at 200 MPa to form foamable preform material. B4C particle-layered ASF materials were generated by foaming the preforms in a steel mold at 750 °C for 11 min. Microstructure, density, pore size, and morphology analyses were conducted. Al2024 exhibited the highest density at 99 %, decreasing with increased B4C ratio. With more B4C, compressibility decreased, and agglomeration increased. Pores were observed around TiH2 and Si particles in B4C-lacking materials. The material with the best homogeneity and spherical pore resemblance was noted as Alumix231.