bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profiling non-nutritive sucking skills in full-term and preterm neonates
Authors: Vijay Ananya , Balasubramanium Radish Kumar , Krishnamurthy Rahul , Chilwan Uzair , Kamath Nutan , Bhat Kamalakshi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-nutritive sucking (NNS) is a reflex in neonates where they suck on objects without receiving food. It aids in oral development and self-regulation. Preterm birth can affect NNS and feeding. Based on current guidelines, early evaluation is crucial for identifying any delay in normal development in this population. Hence, the current study aims to profile non-nutritive sucking skills in full-term (37 to < 42 weeks) and preterm (32 to < 37 weeks) neonates and to compare non-nutritive sucking skills between the groups.

Method
A total of 180 neonates completed this study. “The test for oropharyngeal dysphagia in Indian neonates” (TOD-IN) was used to profile non-nutritive sucking. The number of sucks, swallows, bursts, duration of sucking, suck/le per swallow, and pause duration was also assessed.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference between the groups for non-nutritive sucking at p = < .001 and Cohen’s d had a large effect size (d = 1.42). Preterm neonates had a lesser number of sucks, bursts, swallows, and duration of sucking but had a higher pause duration compared to full-term neonates.

Conclusion
Non-nutritive sucking skills develop with advancing postmenstrual age and a detailed profile is imperative for a proper assessment to identify progress and delays.
Exercise Training Benefits Health-Related Quality of Life and Functional Capacity during Breast Cancer Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: ANTUNES PEDRO , JOAQUIM ANA , SAMPAIO FRANCISCO , NUNES CÉLIA , ASCENSÃO ANTÓNIO , VILELA EDUARDO , TEIXEIRA MADALENA , OLIVEIRA JORGE , CAPELA ANDREIA , AMARELO ANABELA , LEÃO INÊS , MARQUES CRISTIANA , VIAMONTE SOFIA , ALVES ALBERTO , ESTEVES DULCE 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To examine the effectiveness of a supervised exercise training program (SETP) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and functional capacity in women with breast cancer (BC) undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods
Ninety-three women with early-stage BC were randomly allocated to a SETP plus usual care (exercise, n = 47) or usual care alone (UC, n = 46). The SETP included three sessions per week, combining aerobic and resistance training, conducted concurrently over the chemotherapy. The EORTC Cancer Quality-of-Life-Questionnaire-Core-30 (QLQ-C30) and the BC-specific module (QLQ-BR23) were used to assess HRQoL. Functional capacity was analyzed by maximum voluntary handgrip strength (MVHS) and by the 30-s chair sit-to-stand test (30-s CST). These endpoints were assessed at baseline (t0); middle (t1; after 8 or 12 wk of t0); and at the end of chemotherapy (t2; after 20 wk of t0). Mean changes from baseline were assessed by an intention-to-treat approach.

Results
Mixed linear model analyses showed that Exercise group experienced less deterioration in several domains of QLQ-C30 at t2, including in global health status/QoL (Δ = 9.39 units; P = 0.034), QLQ-C30 summary score (Δ = 8.08 units; P < 0.001), physical (Δ = 15.14 units; P < 0.001), role (Δ = 21.81 units; P < 0.001), cognitive (Δ = 9.16 units; P = 0.032) and social functioning (Δ = 11.67 units; P = 0.038), compared with the UC group. Similarly, Exercise group exhibited significant lower levels of fatigue (Δ = −20.19 units; P < 0.001) and appetite loss (Δ = −13.69 units; P = 0.034), compared with the UC group. Significant between-group differences were observed on MVHS of the tumor/surgery upper limb side (Δ = 2.64 kg; P < 0.001) and contralateral limb (Δ = 2.22 kg; P < 0.001), and on the 30-s CST score (Δ = 3.56repetitions; P < 0.001), favoring the Exercise group. No differences were observed on QLQ-BR23 domains.

Conclusions
Exercise training was an effective complementary therapy to prevent the deterioration of HRQoL and functional capacity during chemotherapy in women with early-stage BC.
A Ketone Monoester with Carbohydrate Improves Cognitive Measures Post-Exercise, but not Performance in Trained Females
Authors: Waldman Hunter S. , O’Neal Eric K. , Barker Gaven A. , Witt Craig R. , Lara David A. , Huber Anna K. , Forsythe Valerie N. , Koutnik Andrew P. , D’Agostino Dominic P. , Staiano Walter , Egan Brendan 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Acute ingestion of a ketone monoester with co-ingestion of a carbohydrate (KME + CHO) compared to carbohydrate (CHO) was investigated on cycling performance and cognitive performance in trained females.

Methods
Using a two condition, placebo-controlled, double-blinded and crossover design, twelve trained females (mean ± SD: age, 23 ± 3 y; height, 1.64 ± 0.08 m; mass, 65.2 ± 12.7 kg) completed a baseline assessment of cognitive performance (psychomotor vigilance testing (PVT), task switching, and incongruent flanker), followed by 6x5-min intervals at 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, and 65% of their maximal power output (Wmax) and then a 10-km time trial (TT), concluding with the same assessments of cognitive performance. Participants consumed either 375 mg·kg-1 body mass of KME with a 6% CHO solution (1 g·min-1 of exercise) or CHO alone, across 3 boluses (50:25:25).

Results
Blood β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations averaged 1.80 ± 0.07 mM and 0.13 ± 0.01 mM during exercise in KME + CHO and CHO, respectively. Blood glucose decreased following drink 1 of KME + CHO (~15%; P = 0.01) but not CHO, and lactate concentrations were lower in KME + CHO at 50%, 55%, 60%, and 65%Wmax (all P < 0.05), compared to CHO. Despite these changes, no differences were found between conditions for TT finishing times (KME + CHO, 29.7 ± 5.7 min; CHO, 29.6 ± 5.7 min; P = 0.92). However, only KME + CHO resulted in increases in PVT speed (~4%; P = 0.01), and faster reaction times (~14%; P < 0.01), speed (~15%; P < 0.01), and correct responses (~13%; P = 0.03) in the incongruent flanker during post-testing compared to CHO.

Conclusions
Acute ingestion of a KME + CHO elevated blood β-hydroxybutyrate and lowered glucose and lactate across multiple timepoints during exercise compared to CHO. Although these changes did not affect physical performance, several markers of cognitive performance were improved by the addition of a KME in trained females.
Why medical professionals must learn mathematics and computing?
Authors: Aijaz Javeria 
Published: December 2023

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8952
How to cite this: Aijaz J. Why medical professionals must learn mathematics and computing?. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(2):-S106. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8952
Depilatory Practices and the Dichotomization of Sexes in Twentieth-Century America
Authors: Marsh Kaetlin 
Published: December 2023

Depilatory practices (hair removal) have become commonplace for many in the United States, especially women. Although depilatory practices are now entrenched in American culture, their social enforcement has a surprisingly recent history. I review U.S. advertisements from the period 1915-1945 and situate the rise in popularity of hair removal in its historical context: the increased popularity of more revealing women’s clothing, changing conceptions of modesty, and stocking shortages. I then jump back further in history, and examine ancient Roman depilatory practices to further denaturalize and historicize hair removal. Finally, I reflect on how this history has shaped the present, through an empirical review of modern body hair perceptions. I assert that hair removal in America was originally, and remains, a tool for dichotomizing sexes amid fears about changing gender roles. Deviations from expected depilatory practices have become a social marker of queerness. These beliefs surrounding hair removal have created a unique and undue pressure for conformity in American women and men.
Randomized Pilot Study Examining the Impact of an Online Diet Among Working Adults
Authors: Kolb Diana 
Published: December 2023

The term “diet” is often associated with restricting certain foods or caloric intake; however, diet quality is defined as nutritional epidemiology to evaluate the population’s dietary habits and the efficacy of dietary interventions. There is a growing interest in diet quality, specifically increased intake of fruits and vegetables (F&V), as a more appropriate approach for improving health outcomes. This study aimed to test an online, non-restrictive diet among the working population. Participants were randomized to complete an 8-week diet program using an online application or waitlist control that would receive the diet program after an 8-week waiting period. The diet program consisted of a technical application (app) that included ways to incorporate 800g of F&V in their daily diet. The program included a competitive and gamified component to compare with others using a leaderboard. The primary research questions were if there was a differential change in body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), fat mass (FM), and work impairment between the control and intervention groups. Participants were asked to complete 2 study visits (Baseline & 8 weeks). During each visit, the participants were asked to complete a standard Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) protocol measuring BMI, SMM, and FM and questionnaires including the Lam Employment Absence and Productivity Scale (LEAPS) as a measure of work impairment. A two-way ANOVA was performed to compare BMI, SMM, and FM between the groups over time. There was no significant difference in BMI [F (20) = 0.83, p= .78], FM [ F (20) = 0.30, p= .59] between groups following the 8-week intervention. There was a significant difference in SMM [F (20) = 5.39, p= .03] following the 8-week intervention favoring the intervention group. There was no significant difference in work impairment [F (19) = 1.70, p= .21] between the groups following the 8-week intervention. More research should be conducted on whether a non-restrictive diet intervention focused on F&V intake effectively improves overall health in adults.
Economic burden of dengue in urban Bangladesh: A societal perspective
Authors: Sarker Abdur Razzaque , Paul Subrata , Zohara Fatema , Hossain Zakir , Zabeen Irfat , Chowdhury S. M. Zahedul Islam , Ahmed Maruf , Ali Nausad , Oppong Raymond 
Published: December 2023

Background
Dengue, a vector-borne disease, is a major public health problem in many tropical and subtropical countries including Bangladesh. The objective of this study is to estimate the societal cost of illness of dengue infections among the urban population in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Methods
A cost-of-illness study was conducted using a prevalence-based approach from a societal perspective. Costs attributable to dengue were estimated from a bottom-up strategy using the guideline proposed by the World Health Organization for estimating the economic burden of infectious diseases.

Results
A total of 302 hospitalized confirmed dengue patients were enrolled in this study. The average cost to society for a person with a dengue episode was US$ 479.02. This amount was ranged between US$ 341.67 and US$ 567.12 for those patients who were treated at public and private hospitals, respectively. The households out-of-pocket cost contributed to a larger portion of the total costs of illness (66%) while the cost burden was significantly higher for the poorest households than the richest quintile.

Conclusions
Dengue disease imposes a substantial financial burden on households and society. Therefore, decision-makers should consider the treatment cost of dengue infections, particularly among the poor in the population while balancing the benefits of introducing potentially effective dengue preventive programs in Bangladesh.
Effectiveness of emergency department-based and initiated youth suicide prevention interventions: A systematic review
Authors: Balasa Rebecca , Lightfoot Sophie , Cleverley Kristin , Stremler Robyn , Szatmari Peter , Alidina Zenita , Korczak Daphne 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This systematic review examined the effectiveness of Emergency Department-based and initiated youth suicide prevention interventions for suicide attempts, suicidal ideation, hospitalization, family system functioning, and other mental health symptoms.

Methods
We searched five databases for randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies that examined Emergency Department-based and initiated suicide prevention interventions among youth aged 10 to 18 years old between May 2020 to June 2022. Using Cohen’s d and 95% confidence interval as our standardised metrics, we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis in Systematic Reviews (SWiM) guidelines when synthesizing, interpreting, and reporting the findings of this review.

Results
Five studies were included in this review. Findings were first synthesized according to the targeted population of the study intervention and this review’s outcomes. Two interventions were effective for decreasing depressive symptoms, hospitalization recidivism, and/or increasing family empowerment. There were no interventions that reduced subsequent suicide attempts. A meta-analysis was not conducted due to the heterogeneity of the data.

Conclusion
A need exists to develop and evaluate Emergency Department-based and initiated youth suicide prevention interventions that can be successfully and sustainably implemented in practice. Future research should focus on evaluating the components of interventions that effectively mitigate suicide risk among high-risk youth.
Effect of community-based group exercises combined with action observation on physical and cognitive performance in older adults during the Covid-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tekkus Bagdat , Mutluay Fatma 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study investigates the impact of community-based exercises with action observation therapy (AOT) on the physical and cognitive performance of older adults experiencing social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
One hundred participants aged 65–80 years were randomly divided into two groups: the AOT group, which engaged in balance, strengthening, and mobility exercises guided by 15-minute action observation videos before a 45-minute exercise session, and the control group, which performed the same exercises without action observation. Both groups underwent three sessions per week for eight weeks (24 sessions in total). The assessment tools used in this study included the following: For evaluating mobility and fall risk in older adults, the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) Test was employed. To assess functional strength of lower extremities, balance, and fall risk, the Five Times Sit-to-Stand (5XSST) Test was administered. Balance and gait were measured using the Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment (TBGA), utilizing the Tinetti Scale. Individuals’ confidence in performing daily activities without falling or losing balance was assessed using the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC). Furthermore, cognitive functions across multiple domains, including attention-concentration, executive function, memory, language, visual construction skills, abstract thinking, calculation, and orientation, were evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Tests.

Results
Results revealed significant improvements in both groups. Group I, which received Action Observation Therapy (AOT) in addition to exercise, demonstrated superior outcomes in the 5XSit-to-Stand test (Δ = -1.92, p < 0.0001, Cohen’s d = 0.77), Tinetti Balance and Gait Scale (Balance: Δ = 2.77, p < 0.0001, Cohen’s d = 0.91), and Timed Up and Go test (Δ = -1.98, p < 0.0005, Cohen’s d = 0.83). On the other hand, Group II, which received exercise only, exhibited substantial gains in the Tinetti Balance and Gait Scale (Walking: Δ = 0.52, p < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.27) and Activity-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (Δ = 5.77, p < 0.0001, Cohen’s d = 0.26).

Conclusion
These findings underscore the effectiveness of AOT-enhanced community-based exercises in enhancing both physical and cognitive performance among older adults facing social isolation during the pandemic, with Group I (AOT + exercise) showing particularly promising results.

Trial registration
This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04759690, ClinicalTrials Protocol ID: p3957ghb.
Race and the Animated Bodyscape: Constructing and Ascribing a Racialised Asian Identity in Avatar and Korra, Francis M. Agnoli (2023)
Authors: Ristola Jacqueline 
Published: December 2023

Review of: Race and the Animated Bodyscape: Constructing and Ascribing a Racialised Asian Identity in Avatar and Korra, Francis M. Agnoli (2023)
Jackson, MS: University of Mississippi Press, 216 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-49684-508-5, h/bk, $99
ISBN 978-1-49684-509-2, p/bk, $30
Functional gastrointestinal disorders in adolescents during online learning
Authors: Simanjuntak Sumardi F. , Prawitasari Titis , Kadim Muzal , Sari Teny Tjitra , Gunardi Hartono , Vandenplas Yvan , Hegar Badriul 
Published: December 2023

Background The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the use of online schooling in order to comply with national and local lockdown guidelines. Online learning required students and teachers to adapt to a new method of schooling. The inability of adolescents to adapt to their environment can interfere with their psychosocial condition and become a risk factor for functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID).
Objective To determine the prevalence of FGID in adolescents and evaluate possible risk factors that existed during online learning.
Methods This cross-sectional study was done in children aged 12-18 years who participated in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The diagnosis of FGID was based on Rome IV criteria. Psychosocial problems were assessed using the Pediatric Symptom Checklist Questionnaire–17 (PSC-17) which includes internalization, externalization, and attention subscales. Subjects with a PSC-17 mixed subscale total score of >15 were considered as having an increased likelihood of having a behavioral health disorder. Data were collected by online questionnaires via Google Forms.
Results Of 1,413 participants, 23% experienced FGID; of these, 32.6% had >2 FGID diagnostic criteria. Upon multivariate analysis, internalization psychosocial problems were the most common risk factors for FGID, followed by mixed subscale psychosocial problems, unstable internet connection, and not understanding of the material.
ConclusionThe prevalence of FGID in adolescents in this study is 23%. Environmental and psychosocial conditions are interrelated as risk factors for FGID in adolescents during online learning in the COVID-19 pandemic.
transformações no mundo e o papel dos fungos
Authors: Banhos Elissandro Fonseca dos , Siqueira Ariela Soraya do Nascimento 
Published: December 2023

O trabalho apresenta uma análise sobre a obra “A trama da vida: como os fungos constroem o mundo”, como fonte substancial para a área relacionada à Educação Ambiental e a formação de professores na área da micologia e do meio ambiente. O livro apresenta, de forma direta e criativa, uma série de contribuições do autor para o desenvolvimento do pensamento científico voltado para as relações dos fungos com o meio ambiente e com os outros organismos, inclusive o homem. A abordagem dada pelo autor e os argumentos utilizados, a tornam uma obra atual e necessária para solidificação das bases teóricas para a formação de profissionais dentro das áreas científicas, sobretudo a Educação Ambiental. Isso a torna uma obra essencial a leitura por qualquer aluno das ciências biológicas em nível de graduação e pós-graduação que deseje enveredar pela área de pesquisa científica na área da educação e meio ambiente, ou seja, uma contribuição substancial para a área da formação científica.
A VALORIZAÇÃO DOCENTE NOS TRABALHOS ACADÊMICOS
Authors: Medeiros Danyela , Pereira da Silva Cruz Shirleide , Vieira Amorim Franco Maira 
Published: December 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão de literatura a respeito da valorização docente no Brasil, nos trabalhos acadêmicos produzidos no período de 2000 a 2020, em teses e dissertações. Um ponto em comum dos trabalhos analisados refere-se a relacionar a valorização de professores com elementos objetivos como: salário, carreira e formação continuada, além de condicioná-la à melhoria da qualidade da educação e do desempenho dos estudantes. Outro consenso foi a metodologia usada. As análises foram feitas a partir dos textos legislativos, a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988 e de avaliações das políticas educacionais para valorização docente em nível nacional, estadual ou municipal. Assim, traremos em destaque três perspectivas que foram recorrentes nos trabalhos, para entender os mecanismos indicativos da valorização. São eles: 1) políticas para a carreira docente; 2) formação docente, inicial e continuada; e 3) a valorização docente como condicionante da melhoria de ensino. Ainda que as análises apontem para algum fragmento de valorização docente, os resultados são unânimes em reafirmar a necessidade de ampliar a valorização do professor enquanto profissional da educação.
ENTRE NUDOS, ROTURAS Y ENLACES
Authors: Bard Wigdor Gabriela 
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo recorre experiencias locales de organización feminista en instituciones educativas y científicas, con el objetivo de localizar pistas útiles que nos permitan identificar las presiones que desarman las redes feministas o que atentan contra ellas y las posibles resistencias creativas para oponer a la lógica totalitaria del poder instituido. Asimismo, se analiza los problemas internos en dichas redes, como son la competencia, las aspiraciones individualistas y la dificultad de resistir a las presiones externas, las cuales colocan en riesgo la organización deseada. En efecto, desde la experiencia de organizar espacios feministas de activismo en la academia cordobesa (Argentina), se aborda los diferentes fenómenos que emergen entre resistir y responder a las presiones del poder institucional, en un escenario de subjetividades atravesadas por el heteropatriarcado capitalista. Para lo cual, como material de análisis se recurre a la propia experiencia de organizarse entre feministas, en conexión con lecturas históricas sobre lo que sucede con lxs sujetos cuando la presión del poder instituido opera en sus cuerpos y subjetividades. Así, se reconoce la relación entre las apuestas micropolíticas de creación frente y con el poder; las dificultades que enfrentan los feminismos para resistir a las presiones institucionales y la necesidad de supervivencia individual en contextos Heteropatriarcales y capitalistas.
Palabras claves: Redes Feministas. Patriarcado. Instituciones. Capitalismo. Resistencias.