bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eco-friendly Modified Biopolymers for Enhancing Oil Production: A Review
Authors: Abou-alfitooh Samah A. M. , El-hoshoudy A. N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBiopolymers are gaining increased attention in the industry due to their unique characteristics, including being cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable. It is also worth noting that natural polymers can be obtained in significant quantities from various renewable sources, whereas synthetic polymers are derived from non-renewable petroleum resources. Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) using biopolymers such as galactomannan, xanthan, welan gum, acacia gum, carboxy methyl cellulose, and corn starch is a developing trend and is projected to replace synthetic polymers (hydrophobically associated polyacrylamides) in the nearby future. The choice of polymers to be utilized in EOR technologies should be based on their cost and availability in addition to their functional properties. Biopolymers in enhanced oil recovery serve to enhance the mobility ratio by increasing the viscosity of displacing fluid and reducing permeability. Even though biopolymers have a tough structure and long polysaccharide chains that make them suitable for enduring severe reservoir conditions, they are highly susceptible to bacterial destruction. In this comprehensive review, we have illustrated the different techniques used to enhance the performance of biopolymers (xanthan gum, guar gum, and starch) in enhanced oil recovery and create new composites that can overcome the challenges faced by these biopolymers under reservoir conditions. We have found that the most famous and favorable techniques used in this approach are, grafting copolymerization, nanocomposites functionalization, amphiphilic style, and hydrogel formation. The review also discussed some other biopolymers (carboxy methyl cellulose, welan gum, and acacia gum) that can be utilized to improve oil recovery and evaluated how widely they have been applied in this field. In this review, we have addressed several important issues (knowledge gaps) that have not been covered in recent studies. We have also provided recommendations and prospects for the successful future implementation of these composites in the EOR field. In conclusion, we hope that this review will help in better understanding the use of these modified biopolymers for enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
Aquatic invertebrate mandibles and sclerotized remains in Quaternary lake sediments
Authors: Courtney-Mustaphi Colin J. , Steiner Enrica , von Fumetti Stefanie , Heiri Oliver 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSubfossil remains of aquatic invertebrates found in lacustrine sediments are useful paleoenvironmental indicators. Strongly scleroticized chitinous body parts from the exoskeleton or exuviae from invertebrates are often the most resistant to degradation during syn- and post-depositional processes. Invertebrate mandibles and body parts that superficially resemble mandibles, such as claw-like appendages and pygopodia, are frequently found in sieved Quaternary lacustrine, palustrine, and deltaic sediments. Guides, catalogs and atlases have been published that are well suited for the identification of subfossil remains for several invertebrate groups, such as chironomids, cladocerans, and ostracods, among others. However, aquatic invertebrate remains of several ecologically important invertebrate groups continue to be underused in paleoenvironmental studies, in part, because there are few visual keys or other documentation sources (e.g. descriptions, catalogs or atlases) that increase awareness and facilitate identification. Here we present sets of digital photomicrographs of pre-identified aquatic invertebrate specimens collected from streams, lakes and ponds that have been chemically cleared to preserve structures that are observed in subfossil remains in sieved sediment samples, commonly the > 100 μm size fractions. In addition, we present examples of these structures from Quaternary lake-sediment samples and cite the dispersed literature that demonstrate that these remains are preserved and remain identifiable in the fossil record. We document mandibles from several taxonomic groups that include Crustacea: Amphipoda, Isopoda, Ostracoda, and Notostraca; and Insecta orders: Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Odonata, Lepidoptera, Megaloptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera. The compilation of microphotographs also includes pygopodia and claw appendages of Plecoptera and Trichoptera, with additional images of other common invertebrate mouthpart and head remains. We describe several types of fossilizing structures that are, to our knowledge, not previously described in the paleoecological literature (e.g. mandibles of amphipods or plecopterans) but also show that some structures are considerably more variable than expected based on available descriptions, such as the mandibles of Ephemeroptera or Trichoptera, and that these can potentially be separated into different morphotypes useful for identification of subfossil material. We also discuss the potential of analyzing and interpreting the additional remains together with the remains of more commonly analyzed invertebrate groups (e.g. Chironomidae) to contribute to paleoenvironmental interpretations, which will allow assessments of functional groups (e.g. predators, shredders, grazers) or habitat types (e.g. littoral, profundal or lotic environments) that aquatic invertebrate remains originate from.
Loneliness: From Absence of Other to Disruption of Self
Authors: Motta Valeria N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLoneliness is more complex and multi-faceted than it may appear at first glance. Most of the characterizations that we have of loneliness in the extant literature tend to focus on the absence of other people and on the social, mental, and physical distress that can be caused by this type of absence. Although the experience of absence may be a fundamental and encompassing aspect of loneliness, loneliness may also reflect a deeper, more complex experience. This paper integrates data from a qualitative study on the phenomenology of loneliness with philosophical theories on the self. It argues that there is a connection between the experience of absence and the impossibility to appear in the world and that this may consequentially lead to the disruption of self-experience.
Citizens Shaping Complex Technological Issues? Participatory Processes in Bioeconomic and Biotechnological Contexts
Authors: Bohn Carolin , Fuchs Doris , Hasenkamp Victoria , Siepker Lena 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn sustainability governance, the reliance on deliberative participatory processes has greatly increased over the last decades due to expectations that such processes can mobilize additional creative potential, foster better understanding of problems and acceptance of the costs of relevant solutions, and mediate the decline in traditional forms of participation. However, in complex technological contexts such as bioeconomics and, especially, biotechnology, participatory processes are still rare, at least partly because of concerns that citizens might lack the necessary information and skills. Yet bioeconomic innovation trajectories often imply societal, political, and economic changes that also affect citizens’ lifestyles and budgets and may cohere or conflict with individual and collective norms. Thus, citizen participation in relevant deliberations and decisions would seem opportune. In this paper, we therefore inquire into the potential and challenges for participatory processes in bioeconomic contexts. Specifically, we identify pivotal criteria for the democratic quality of relevant participatory processes on the basis of the rich literature on citizen participation in sustainability governance. We then explore how (well) these criteria can be achieved in participatory processes on the bioeconomy and biotechnological innovation strategies, drawing on two such processes we carried out in 2021 and 2022. On this basis, we propose further questions and implications for research and practice.
High-Strength Dissimilar Welds Between a NiTi Shape Memory Alloy and Titanium Obtained by Intermixing Niobium Using Pulsed Laser Beam Welding
Authors: Wiegand M. , Sommer N. , Marks L. , Böhm S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractJoining of NiTi shape memory alloys with commercially pure titanium (Ti) is of great interest for manifold industrial applications. However, dissimilar fusion welding of these materials is associated with the formation of extremely brittle intermetallic compounds, e.g., Ti2Ni and TiNi3, which drastically limit the mechanical properties of NiTi/Ti joints. The present investigation seeks to improve both chemical compatibility and mechanical performance through intermixing of a niobium foil as filler material into a NiTi/Nb/Ti butt-joint configuration by means of pulsed laser beam welding. Different pulse durations are applied to tailor intermixing and evaluate the deviating chemical compositions of the weld metal. It is demonstrated that intermixing of niobium significantly increases the weldability of the material combination NiTi/Ti compared to autogenous welding. However, the proportion of intermixed filler material exerts a substantial impact on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. Ultimate tensile strengths of up to 679 MPa with fracture occurring in the titanium base metal at an elongation at break of 18.7 pct is obtained by a reduction of the pulse duration, which represents a major improvement over previous studies focusing on fusion welding of NiTi to titanium and its alloys.
An Alternative Approach Using Nano-garlic Emulsion and its Synergy with Antibiotics for Controlling Biofilm-Producing Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella in Chicken
Authors: El-Demerdash Azza S. , Orady Rania M. , Matter Ahmed A. , Ebrahem Amera F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSurface-growing antibiotic-resistant pathogenic Salmonella is emerging as a global health challenge due to its high economic loss in the poultry industry. Their pathogenesis, increasing antimicrobial resistance, and biofilm formation make them challenging to treat with traditional therapy. The identification of antimicrobial herbal ingredients may provide valuable solutions to solve this problem. Therefore, our aim is to evaluate the potency of nano garlic as the alternative of choice against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella isolates using disc diffusion and microdilution assays. Then, checkerboard titration in trays was applied, and FIC was measured to identify the type of interaction between the two antimicrobials. A disc diffusion assay revealed that neomycin was the drug of choice. The range of nano garlic MIC was 12.5–25 μg/ml, while the neomycin MIC range was 32–64 μg/ml. The FIC index established a synergistic association between the two tested drugs in 85% of isolates. An experimental model was used including nano garlic and neomycin alone and in combination against Salmonella infection. The combination therapy significantly improved body productivity and inhibited biofilm formation by more than 50% down regulating the CsgBAD, motB, and sipA operons, which are responsible for curli fimbriae production and biofilm formation in Salmonella serotypes.
Postautonome Literatur?
Authors: Blome Eva 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag geht der Frage nach, was ein Konzept von Postautonomie gegenüber demjenigen der Heteronomie für die Beschreibung aktueller Tendenzen der Gegenwartsliteratur leisten könnte. Argumentiert wird, dass eine Beobachtung von Gegenwartsliteratur und Literarizität davon profitiert, an frühere theoretische und literarische Entwürfe zum Verhältnis von Ästhetik und Gesellschaft angebunden zu werden.
Arbeitsbedingungen und gesundheitliche Beschwerden in Basisarbeit: Eine sektorübergreifende Untersuchung im Dienstleistungsbereich
Authors: Lück Marcel , Hünefeld Lena , Kaboth Arthur 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag werden Arbeitsanforderungen, Ressourcen und Gesundheit von Basisarbeitenden in den Dienstleistungssektoren Handel, Finanzwesen und öffentliche Dienstleistungen untersucht. Als Datengrundlage dient die aktuelle Erhebung der BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018, eine repräsentative Querschnittsbefragung von Erwerbstätigen in Deutschland. Neben Varianzanalysen wurden multivariate Regressionen zum Zusammenhang von Arbeitsbedingungen und psychosomatischer sowie muskuloskelettaler Gesundheit durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse verweisen auf eine sektorspezifische Ausprägung von Anforderungen, Ressourcen und gesundheitlichen Beschwerden bei Basisarbeitenden. Übergreifend wird deutlich, dass in allen drei Sektoren emotionale Belastung eine zentrale Rolle für das Aufkommen psychosomatischer Beschwerden einnimmt. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen unter anderem die Wichtigkeit der Durchführung der Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung und dies unter Einbezug aller Tätigkeitsgruppen.Praktische Relevanz: Basisarbeitende im Dienstleistungsbereich sind vielseitigen Anforderungen ausgesetzt, die ein gesundheitliches Risiko darstellen. Das Wissen zum Zusammenhang von Arbeitsbedingungen und Gesundheit ist eine entscheidende Voraussetzung für die angemessene Gestaltung der Basisarbeit. Hier identifizierte Prädiktoren können explizit in der Arbeitsgestaltung, der Gefährdungsbeurteilung oder in den Maßnahmen betrieblicher Gesundheitsförderung berücksichtigt werden.
Iron-doped catalyst synthesis in heterogeneous Fenton like process for dye degradation and removal: optimization using response surface methodology
Authors: Adachi Abderrazzak , El Ouadrhiri Faiçal , Saleh Ebraheem Abdu Musad , Althomali Raed H. , Kassem Asmaa F. , Ibtissam El Manssouri , Moharam Marwa Mostafa , Husain Kakul , Eloutassi Noureddine , Lahkimi Amal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIron-doped hydrochar can effectively remove the methyl orange dye (MO). In this study, iron-doped hydrochar (5% Fe@BC) was successfully synthesized through a two-step hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process, using FeSO4.7H2O and sawdust. It was subsequently employed for MO removal. The characterization of the synthesized Fenton-like catalyst (5% Fe@BC) was conducted, using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray diffraction techniques to confirm the presence of iron species. The effects of different operating parameters such as catalyst mass, H2O2 concentration, solution pH, organic pollutant concentration, and reaction temperature have been examined. The Box-Behnken design combined with three factors: catalyst mass X1, temperature X2, organic pollutant concentration X3. The response surface methodology coupled with Box-Behnken Design was used to optimize the key variables and response. With this approach, an exhaustive assessment of the variables influencing the optimization process was performed. A significant quadratic model was generated through analysis of variance with a P-value of 0.0001 and an R2 of 0.99. This confirms a strong relationship between the variables and the response, as well as a high level of model predictability. The optimum conditions were achieved with a catalyst mass of 0.5 g/L, a temperature of 35.5 °C, and an MO concentration of 50 mg/L. The result indicates that 93% of the discoloration efficiency was achieved within 60 min under the optimal conditions. Iron doping in the (5% Fe@BC) plays a crucial role in the degradation and removal of MO. Therefore, the 5% Fe@BC prepared from sawdust and iron salts (FeSO4·7H2O) through a two-step HTC process is an inexpensive and effective catalyst for removing organic pollutant from aqueous solutions, using heterogeneous Fenton-like process.
Motherhood
Authors: Miller Tina 
Published: November 2023

As the competing demands of care and paid work become increasingly complex, has there ever been a more challenging time to be a woman and a mother? Comparing two studies conducted across two generations, Motherhood explores women's experiences of becoming first-time mothers. Through richly narrated, real-time accounts of transition, Tina Miller examines what has changed since her original study was conducted twenty-one years ago. Using sociological and feminist perspectives, she analyses how motherhood has further intensified against a harsher neoliberal backdrop. The book examines the social, political and moral contours in which motherhood is situated which, in the contemporary context, include ideas of planned labours and work/life balance as part of potent, maternal prenatal imaginings. Birth continues to change everything, and the qualitative, longitudinal and comparative data show these ideas to be, mostly, illusory.
Fiction Beyond Words: Music in J. M. Coetzee’s Jesus Novels
Authors: Mudura Diana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractJ. M. Coetzee’s late work exhibits a productive dialogue between fiction and other arts as part of his interest in the possibilities of thinking in mediums other than ordinary language. Focusing particularly on the Jesus novels, this article examines the critical role of music and how Coetzee uses musical forms as literary strategies that open up alternative possibilities of communication and thinking. Revisiting the famous “What is a Classic?” essay and the biographical moment that leads Coetzee to the music of J. S. Bach, I look at how Coetzee writes musically by considering questions of content, form, and technique, and then turn to the representation of music in relation to mathematics. I propose that the interest in music in the Jesus novels is part of his conscious engagement with ordinary language and his inherent desire to transcend it that characterizes the late work.
Comparison of different PCR amplification targets for molecular diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis
Authors: Marquet F. , Mora N. , Incani R.N. , Jesus J. , Méndez N. , Mujica R. , Trosel H. , Ferrer E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Molecular techniques are an alternative for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis, produced by Strongyloides stercoralis. However, it is necessary to determine the best amplification target for the populations of this parasite present in a geographical area and standardize a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for its detection. The objectives of this work were the comparison of different PCR targets for molecular detection of S. stercoralis and the standardization of a PCR protocol for the selected target with the best diagnostic results. DNA extraction was performed from parasite larvae by saline precipitation. Three amplification targets of the genes encoding ribosomal RNA 18S (18S rDNA) and 5.8S (5.8S rDNA) and cytochrome oxidase 1 (COX1) of S. stercoralis were compared, and the PCR reaction conditions for the best target were standardized (concentration of reagents and template DNA, hybridization temperature, and number of cycles). The analytical sensitivity and specificity of the technique were determined. DNA extraction by saline precipitation made it possible to obtain DNA of high purity and integrity. The ideal target was the 5.8S rDNA, since the 18S rDNA yielded non-reproducible results and COX1 never amplified under any condition tested. The optimal conditions for the 5.8S rDNA-PCR were: 1.5 mM MgCl2, 100 μM dNTPs, 0.4 μM primers, and 0.75 U DNA polymerase, using 35 cycles and a hybridization temperature of 60 °C. The analytical sensitivity of the PCR was 1 attogram of DNA, and the specificity was 100%. Consequently, the 5.8S rDNA was shown to be highly sensitive and specific for the detection of S. stercoralis DNA.
Virtual temporal bone simulators and their use in surgical training: a narrative review
Authors: Bolton Lauren , Young Kenneth , Ray Jaydip , Chawdhary Gaurav 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTemporal bone dissection is a difficult skill to acquire, and the challenge has recently been further compounded by a reduction in conventional surgical training opportunities during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Consequently, there has been renewed interest in ear simulation as an adjunct to surgical training for trainees. We review the state-of-the-art virtual temporal bone simulators for surgical training.Materials and methodsA narrative review of the current literature was performed following a Medline search using a pre-determined search strategy.Results and analysisSixty-one studies were included. There are five validated temporal bone simulators: Voxel-Man, CardinalSim, Ohio State University Simulator, Melbourne University's Virtual Reality Surgical Simulation and Visible Ear Simulator. The merits of each have been reviewed, alongside their role in surgical training.ConclusionTemporal bone simulators have been demonstrated to be useful adjuncts to conventional surgical training methods and are likely to play an increasing role in the future.
Accessing Legal Information in Malaysian Law Firm Libraries
Authors: Bakar Qudri Ali Abu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe advancement of technology has drastically changed the way information is being stored in the law library. With current technology, many have found that legal information is easy to retrieve from federal or state government websites in Malaysia. But while federal legislation can be accessed via the internet, some of the law cannot be accessed for the public to review or download. Also, older law is unavailable from the federal gazette website, and it is crucial for the lawyer or law librarian to publicly access it. This paper, by Qudri Ali Abu Bakar, discusses the restriction of access to legal information and looks at some alternative ways of gaining full access to federal and state law in Malaysia.
Potential Non‐Linearities in the High Latitude Circulation and Ozone Response to Stratospheric Aerosol Injection
Authors: Bednarz Ewa M. , Visioni Daniele , Butler Amy H. , Kravitz Ben , MacMartin Douglas G. , Tilmes Simone 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe impacts of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI) on the atmosphere and surface climate depend on when and where the sulfate aerosol precursors are injected, as well as on how much surface cooling is to be achieved. We use a set of CESM2(WACCM6) SAI simulations achieving three different levels of global mean surface cooling and demonstrate that unlike some direct surface climate impacts driven by the reflection of solar radiation by sulfate aerosols, the SAI‐induced changes in the high latitude circulation and ozone are more complex and could be non‐linear. This manifests in our simulations by disproportionally larger Antarctic springtime ozone loss, significantly larger intra‐ensemble spread of the Arctic stratospheric jet and ozone responses, and non‐linear impacts on the extratropical modes of surface climate variability under the strongest‐cooling SAI scenario compared to the weakest one. These potential non‐linearities may add to uncertainties in projections of regional surface impacts under SAI.
Analytical Approach to Two‐Dimensional Full Reflections of Fast Magnetosonic Waves Due To Mesoscale Density Boundaries
Authors: Yu Xiongdong , Yuan Zhigang , Yao Fei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPropagation of fast magnetosonic (MS) waves in the equatorial plane has attracted a growing attention in recent studies. Although computer simulations including ray tracing, PIC, and full wave simulations have been utilized to study the propagation of MS waves, analytical approach is needed to investigate the physics insight. In this letter, we first derive the wave equations describing the two‐dimensional propagation of MS waves under the assumption that the mesoscale density inhomogeneity is only along one dimensional. After investigating the essential role of the potential function in the wave equation for the full reflection of MS waves, we find that full reflection can occur when the minimum potential is significantly negative. Finally, we have discussed the effects of incidence angles and wave frequencies on the full reflection. Our results show that MS waves with an incidence angle or wave frequency greater than the critical value would be fully reflected.