bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotoxicity of acrylamide and its metabolite glycidamide administered in drinking water to male and female Big Blue mice
Authors: Manjanatha Mugimane G. , Aidoo Anane , Shelton Sharon D. , Bishop Michelle E. , McDaniel Lea P. , Lyn‐Cook Lascelles E. , Doerge Daniel R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe recent discovery of acrylamide (AA), a probable human carcinogen, in a variety of fried and baked starchy foods has drawn attention to its genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Evidence suggests that glycidamide (GA), the epoxide metabolite of AA, is responsible for the genotoxic effects of AA. To investigate the in vivo genotoxicity of AA, groups of male and female Big Blue (BB) mice were administered 0, 100, or 500 mg/l of AA or equimolar doses of GA, in drinking water, for 3–4 weeks. Micronucleated reticulocytes (MN‐RETs) were assessed in peripheral blood within 24 hr of the last treatment, and lymphocyte Hprt and liver cII mutagenesis assays were conducted 21 days following the last treatment. Further, the types of cII mutations induced by AA and GA in the liver were determined by sequence analysis. The frequency of MN‐RETs was increased 1.7–3.3‐fold in males treated with the high doses of AA and GA (P ≤ 0.05; control frequency = 0.28%). Both doses of AA and GA produced increased lymphocyte Hprt mutant frequencies (MFs), with the high doses producing responses 16–25‐fold higher than that of the respective control (P ≤ 0.01; control MFs = 1.5 ± 0.3 × 10−6 and 2.2 ± 0.5 × 10−6 in females and males, respectively). Also, the high doses of AA and GA produced significant 2–2.5‐fold increases in liver cII MFs (P ≤ 0.05; control MFs = 26.5 ± 3.1 × 10−6 and 28.4 ± 4.5 × 10−6). Molecular analysis of the mutants indicated that AA and GA produced similar mutation spectra and that these spectra were significantly different from that of control mutants (P ≤ 0.001). The predominant types of mutations in the liver cII gene from AA‐ and GA‐treated mice were G:C→T:A transversions and −1/+1 frameshifts in a homopolymeric run of Gs. The results indicate that both AA and GA are genotoxic in mice. The MFs and types of mutations induced by AA and GA in the liver are consistent with AA exerting its genotoxicity in BB mice via metabolism to GA. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2006. Published 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Different impact from betel quid, alcohol and cigarette: Risk factors for pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer
Authors: Lee Ka‐Wo , Kuo Wen‐Rei , Tsai Shih‐Meng , Wu Deng‐Chyang , Wang Wen‐Ming , Fang Fu‐Min , Chiang Feng‐Yu , Ho Kuen‐Yao , Wang Ling‐Feng , Tai Chih‐Feng , Kao Eing‐Long , Chou Shah‐Hwa , Lee Chien‐Hung , Chai Chee‐Yin , Ko Ying‐Chin 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe risks of betel quid chewing with or without tobacco, alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking have been well explored in the oral cavity but not in the pharynx and larynx. We conducted a case‐control study to investigate the association of these three risk factors to cancers of the pharynx and larynx in Taiwan. A total cases of 148 pharyngeal cancer, 128 laryngeal cancer and 255 hospital controls, all men, were recruited. Betel quid chewing was a significant independent risk factor (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.1–15.0) similar to that of alcohol drinking (aOR = 6.6; 95% CI = 3.5–13.0) for pharyngeal cancer, but not for laryngeal cancer (aOR = 1.3; 95% CI = 0.7–2.5) on which cigarette smoking (aOR = 7.1) exerts a stronger significant independent risk than alcohol drinking (aOR = 3.8). For pharyngeal cancers, chewers who consumed >20 quid/day, chewed with inflorescence in the quid or swallowed the betel quid juice were at higher risks; significant dose‐response effects were found in daily quantity of drinking and chewing, and cumulative quantity of drinking. Synergistic effects from the 3 risk factors existed both on the pharynx (aOR = 96.9) and the larynx (aOR = 40.3), and attributed for 93.1% and 92.9% respectively. Our study is the first evidence to show that betel quid chewing without tobacco has different impact on the pharynx (digestive tract) and the larynx (airway), and supports the concept that exposure quantity and direct mucosal contact with the betel quid juice may contribute to carcinogenesis. Our results show an important insight into the impact of betel quid chewing on other sites of the digestive tract other than the oral cavity. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of nonaspirin NSAIDs and risk of lung cancer
Authors: Skriver Mette Vinther , Nørgaard Mette , Poulsen Aslak Harbo , Friis Søren , Harving Henrik , Fryzek Jon , McLaughlin Joseph K. , Blot William J. , Olsen Jørgen H. , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: June 2005

AbstractEpidemiologic evidence is conflicting regarding the potential for nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to lower the risk of lung cancer. We thus determined the incidence of lung cancer among a cohort of over 242,000 adults in Denmark who had been issued NSAID prescriptions during 1991–2002 and calculated the relative risks of this cancer according to the numbers of prescriptions received. Similar analyses were conducted among a subset with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, of whom the large majority was assumed to have been smokers, as an indirect control for smoking. Utilization of Danish registries ensured essentially complete and unbiased ascertainment of prescriptions and cancer outcomes. The relative risks of lung cancer among NSAID users redeeming 10 or more prescriptions vs. nonusers in the general population and among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients were 1.51 (95% CI = 1.33–1.71) and 1.55 (95% CI = 0.93–2.60) and tended to decline with decreasing numbers of NSAIDs prescribed. Separate analyses for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma also failed to show reduced risks among NSAID users. Confounding by indication may have contributed to the increased risks, but the study provides no evidence to suggest that recent NSAID intake may be protective for lung cancer. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High constant incidence rates of second cutaneous melanomas
Authors: Levi Fabio , Randimbison Lalao , Te Van‐Cong , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe incidence of most epithelial cancers rises with a power of age. However, second breast cancers have a high constant incidence independent of age. The skin is one of the few other sites allowing examination of age incidence curves of second neoplasms of the same organ. We considered the risk of second primary cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in a population‐based series of 3,439 first CMM registered and followed‐up between 1974 and 2003 in the Swiss Cantons of Vaud and Neuchâtel (about 786,000 inhabitants). A total of 43 cases of second CMM were observed vs. 9.3 expected, corresponding to a standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 4.6. The SIR was 8.5 under age 50, 5.7 at age 50–59 and 3.5 at age 60 or over. At 20 years, the cumulative risk of second CMM was 5%. Age‐specific incidence rates of second primary CMM did not vary across age groups 30–39 through 80+, ranging between 1 and 2.5 per 1,000 person‐years. Thus, the risk of CMM is substantially increased in subjects diagnosed with a CMM, and the relative risk is greater at younger age and declines with advancing age. The high constant incidence curve of second CMM is compatible with the occurrence of a single mutational event in a population of susceptible individuals. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Don't get “hooked” by phishing scams
Authors: Singleton Tommie 
Published: June 2005

AbstractRight this minute, someone has “gone phishing”— hoping to catch you, your company employees, or your customers. Criminals are duping computer users into revealing sensitive information— including bank accounts, social security numbers, credit card numbers, passwords, and more. Here's how to escape getting caught. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Computational analyses of singlet–singlet and singlet–triplet transitions in mononuclear gold‐capped carbon‐rich conjugated complexes
Authors: Cao Zexing , Zhang Qianer 
Published: June 2005

AbstractDensity functional theory and CASSCF calculations have been used to determine equilibrium geometries and vibrational frequencies of metal‐capped one‐dimensional π‐conjugated complexes (H3P)Au(CC)n(Ph) (n = 1–6), (H3P)Au(CCC6H4)(CCPh), and H3PAu(CCC6H4)CCAuPH3 in their ground states and selected low‐lying ππ* excited states. Vertical excitation energies for spin‐allowed singlet–singlet and spin‐forbidden singlet–triplet transitions determined by the time‐dependent density functional theory show good agreement with available experimental observations. Calculations indicate that the lowest energy 3(ππ*) excited state is unlikely populated by the direct electronic excitation, while the low‐lying singlet and triplet states, slightly higher in energy than the lowest triplet state, are easily accessible by the excitation light used in experiments. A series of radiationless transitions among related excited states yield the lowest 3(ππ*) state, which has enough long lifetimes to exhibit its photochemical reactivities. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 26: 1214–1221, 2005
Oogenesis in the viviparous matrotrophic lizard Mabuya brachypoda
Authors: Hernández‐Franyutti Arlette , Uribe Aranzábal Mari Carmen , Guillette Louis J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractOogenesis in the lizard Mabuya brachypoda is seasonal, with oogenesis initiated during May–June and ovulation occurring during July–August. This species ovulates an egg that is microlecithal, having very small yolk stores. The preovulatory oocyte attains a maximum diameter of 0.9–1.3 mm. Two elongated germinal beds, formed by germinal epithelia containing oogonia, early oocytes, and somatic cells, are found on the dorsal surface of each ovary. Although microlecithal eggs are ovulated in this species, oogenesis is characterized by both previtellogenic and vitellogenic stages. During early previtellogenesis, the nucleus of the oocyte contains lampbrush chromosomes, whereas the ooplasm stains lightly with a perinuclear yolk nucleus. During late previtellogenesis the ooplasm displays basophilic staining with fine granular material composed of irregularly distributed bundles of thin fibers. A well‐defined zona pellucida is also observed. The granulosa, initially composed of a single layer of squamous cells during early previtellogenesis, becomes multilayered and polymorphic. As with other squamate reptiles, the granulosa at this stage is formed by three cell types: small, intermediate, and large or pyriform cells. As vitellogenesis progresses the oocyte displays abundant vacuoles and small, but scarce, yolk platelets at the periphery of the oocyte. The zona pellucida attains its maximum thickness during late oogenesis, a period when the granulosa is again reduced to a single layer of squamous cells. The vitellogenic process observed in M. brachypoda corresponds with the earliest vitellogenic stages seen in other viviparous lizard species with larger oocytes. The various species of the genus Mabuya provided us with important models to understand a major transition in the evolution of viviparity, the development of a microlecithal egg. J. Morphol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conditioning stimulus can influence an external urethral sphincter contraction evoked by a magnetic stimulation
Authors: Wefer Bjoern , Reitz André , Knapp Peter A. , Bannowsky Andreas , Juenemann Klaus‐Peter , Schurch Brigitte 
Published: June 2005

AbstractAimsTo study the effect of a conditioning stimulus on an external urethral sphincter (EUS)contraction evoked by a magnetic stimulation at different time intervals.MethodsSeven healthy male volunteers underwent EUS pressure measurement. At baseline, magnetic stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord above the motor threshold was performed and evoked EUS pressure responses were recorded. The lumbosacral magnetic stimulation was repeated with same intensity, while a selective electrical dorsal penile nerve stimulation below the bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR) threshold was preceding at five different intervals (10, 20, 30, 50, 100 msec). The protocol was performed with empty and full bladder (BLA), and baseline responses were statistically compared to those with combined stimulation.ResultsWhen the dorsal penile nerve electrical stimulation preceded the lumbosacral magnetic stimulation by 20 msec (P = 0.0048), 50 msec (P = 0.0039), or 100 msec (P = 0.0002), the amplitudes of the EUS pressure response with empty BLA were significantly reduced compared to lumbosacral magnetic stimulation alone. With a filled BLA, the amplitudes of the EUS were significantly reduced only at an interval of 50 msec (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsA conditional sensory pudendal stimulation seems to have the capacity to inhibit the external urethral sphincter contraction induced by a magnetic stimulation. The inhibitory effect seems to depend on the latency between the peripheral and lumbosacral stimulation as well as on the degree of BLA filling. It remains to be proved if the neuromodulative effect of the conditional stimulus occurs at a spinal or supraspinal level. Neurourol. Urdynam. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low‐complexity minimization algorithms
Authors: Di Fiore Carmine , Fanelli Stefano , Zellini Paolo 
Published: June 2005

AbstractStructured matrix algebras ℒ︁ and a generalized BFGS‐type iterative scheme have been recently investigated to introduce low‐complexity quasi‐Newton methods, named ℒ︁QN, for solving general (non‐structured) minimization problems. In this paper we introduce the ℒ︁kQN methods, which exploitad hocalgebras at each step. Since the structure of the updated matrices can be modified at each iteration, the new methods can better fit the Hessian matrix, thereby improving the rate of convergence of the algorithm. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new boundary element technique without domain integrals for elastoplastic solids
Authors: Bertoldi Katia , Brun Michele , Bigoni Davide 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA simple idea is proposed to solve boundary value problems for elastoplastic solids via boundary elements, namely, to use the Green's functions corresponding to both the loading and unloading branches of the tangent constitutive operator to solve for plastic and elastic regions, respectively. In this way, domain integrals are completely avoided in the boundary integral equations. Though a discretization of the region where plastic flow occurs still remains necessary to account for the inhomogeneity of plastic deformation, the elastoplastic analysis reduces, in essence, to a straightforward adaptation of techniques valid for anisotropic linear elastic constitutive equations (the loading branch of the elastoplastic constitutive operator may be viewed formally as a type of anisotropic elastic law). Numerical examples, using J2‐flow theory with linear hardening, demonstrate that the proposed method retains all the advantages related to boundary element formulations, is stable and performs well.The method presented is for simplicity developed for the associative flow rule; however, a full derivation of Green's function and boundary integral equations is also given for the general case of non‐associative flow rule. It is shown that in the non‐associative case, a domain integral unavoidably arises in the formulation. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma of the breast: role of comprehensive molecular pathology in characterization of an entity
Authors: Reis‐Filho Jorge S , Simpson Pete T , Jones Chris , Steele Dawn , Mackay Alan , Iravani Marjan , Fenwick Kerry , Valgeirsson Haukur , Lambros Maryou , Ashworth Alan , Palacios Jose , Schmitt Fernando , Lakhani Sunil R 
Published: June 2005

AbstractImmunohistochemical analysis of E‐cadherin has changed the way lobular neoplasia is perceived. It has helped to classify difficult cases of carcinoma in situ with indeterminate features and led to the identification of new variants of lobular carcinoma. Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma (PLC) and pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ (PLCIS), recently described variants of invasive and in situ classic lobular carcinoma, are reported to be associated with more aggressive clinical behaviour. Although PLC/PLCIS show morphological features of classic lobular neoplasia and lack E‐cadherin expression, it is still unclear whether these lesions evolve through the same genetic pathway as lobular carcinomas or are high‐grade ductal neoplasms that have lost E‐cadherin. Here we have analysed a case of extensive PLCIS and invasive PLC associated with areas of E‐cadherin‐negative carcinoma in situ with indeterminate features, using immunohistochemistry, chromogenic in situ hybridization, high‐resolution comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and array‐based CGH. We observed that all lesions lacked E‐cadherin and β‐catenin and showed gain of 1q and loss of 16q, features that are typical of lobular carcinomas but are not seen in high‐grade ductal lesions. In addition, amplifications of c‐myc and HER2 were detected in the pleomorphic components, which may account for the high‐grade features in this case and the reported aggressive clinical behaviour of these lesions. Taken together, these data suggest that at least some PLCs may evolve from the same precursor or through the same genetic pathway as classic lobular carcinomas. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved Synthesis and X‐Ray Structure of 5‐Aminotetrazolium Nitrate
Authors: von Denffer Moritz , Klapötke Thomas M. , Kramer Gernot , Spieß Gunnar , Welch Jan M. , Heeb Gerhard 
Published: June 2005

Abstract5‐Aminotetrazolium nitrate was synthesized in high yield and characterized using Raman and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 15N). The molecular structure of 5‐aminotetrazolium nitrate in the crystalline state was determined by X‐ray crystallography: monoclinic, P 21/c, a=1.05493(8) nm, b=0.34556(4) nm, c=1.4606(1) nm, β=90.548(9)°, V=0.53244(8) nm3, Z=4, ϱ=1.847 g cm−3, R1=0.034, wR2 (all data)=0.090. The thermal stability of 5‐aminotetrazolium nitrate was determined using differential scanning calorimetry; the compound decomposes at 167 °C. The enthalpy of combustion (ΔcombH) of 5‐aminotetrazolium nitrate ([CH4N5]+[NO3]−) was determined experimentally using oxygen bomb calorimetry: ΔcombH([CH4N5]+[NO3]−)=−6020±200 kJ kg−1. The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔfH°) of [CH4N5]+[NO3]− was obtained on the basis of quantum chemical computations at the electron‐correlated ab initio MP2 (second order Møller‐Plesset perturbation theory) level of theory using a correlation consistent double‐zeta basis set (cc‐pVTZ): ΔfH°([CH4N5]+[NO3]−(s))=+87 kJ mol−1=+586 kJ kg−1. The detonation velocity (D) and the detonation pressure (P) of 5‐aminotetrazolium nitrate were calculated using the empirical equations by Kamlet and Jacobs: D([CH4N5]+[NO3]−)=8.90 mm μs−1 and P([CH4N5]+[NO3]−)=35.7 GPa.
Statistical properties of the Cooper pair operators
Authors: Kaplan I. G. , Navarro O. , Sánchez J. A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe Cooper pair has the total spin S = 0. So, in accordance with the Pauli principle, the wave functions describing the Cooper pair system should have the boson permutation symmetry, but the pairon operators (Cooper's pair operators) do not obey the boson commutation relations. The pairon operators may not be considered neither as the Bose operators, nor as the Fermi operators. In this work, we analyze the statistical properties and the commutation relations for the pairon operator and reveal that they correspond to the modified parafermi statistics of rank p = 1. Two different expressions for the Cooper pair number operator are presented. We demonstrate that the calculations with a Hamiltonian expressed via pairon operators is more convenient using the commutation properties of these operators without presenting them as a product of fermion operators. This allows to study problems in which the interactions between Cooper's pair are also included. The problem of two interacting Cooper's pairs is discussed. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quantum criticality in ultracold atoms on optical lattices
Authors: Rigol Marcos , Muramatsu Alejandro 
Published: June 2005

AbstractIn recent years degenerate quantum gases confined in optical lattices developed as a new field of research bridging the areas of quantum optics, atomic physics, and condensed matter physics. It offers the possibility of manipulating quantum many‐body systems with an unprecedented flexibility, so that they can be considered as analog simulators of condensed matter systems. Particularly interesting is the possibility of creating strongly correlated bosonic or fermionic systems. We review here recent numerical simulations, where quantum critical behavior is studied both in and out of equilibrium. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Physical principles of barrierless thermoelectric cooling
Authors: Gurevich Yu. G. , Logvinov Georgiy N. , Oscar Angeles Fragoso 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA new approach is suggested to explain thermoelectric cooling. It is based on an analysis of this phenomenon from the point of view of the energy balance equation. It is shown that in the general case the thermoelectric cooling at a junction of two semiconductors is determined by the barrier cooling effect (the Peltier effect) and the barrierless cooling effect. The latter is a new thermoelectric effect originating only at the finite value of the junction surface thermal conductivity. The influence of the surface thermal resistance on both the Peltier effect and the barrierless cooling effect has been studied. It is shown that the Peltier effect is reduced with an increase of the junction surface thermal resistance while the barrierless cooling effect occurs more strictly with an increase of the surface thermal resistance. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quantum dynamics of a system of coupled nonlinear oscillators: Spectral and information entropy‐based analysis
Authors: Maji Kaushik , Bhattacharyya S. P. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe quantum dynamics of the evolution of a system of a few coupled nonlinear oscillators is studied. The spectral entropy and the quantal information entropy, as well as their correlation functions, are computed and used to identify distinctive phases of the evolution. The two entropy functions lead to similar conclusions. It appears that adiabatic switching of the nonlinear interaction does not affect the nature of the short time dynamics but affects the dynamics over intermediate time scales. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005
Hydrogen bond character and proton transfer behavior in water–thiophenol clusters and their cation radicals: Insight into water number size dependence
Authors: Song Lianxiang , Bu Yuxiang , Li Ping 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe molecular structures and vibrational frequencies of [C6H5SH–(H2O)n]•+ (n = 1–4) clusters are studied employing B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) with a 6‐311++G** basis set. The features related to structures of the SH stretching vibrational spectrum of the thiophenol and of the intermolecular stretching vibration of S…HO are also obtained and discussed in detail. The stable structures show that the hydrogen bonds between the thiophenol cation radical and water molecules are stronger than that between neutral thiophenol and water molecules and become stronger along with the increased water number n. Thus, the possibility of proton transfer depends on the water number; that is, the position of the proton of the thiophenol cation radical lies on the water number n. The theoretically obtained charge distribution and energy indicate simultaneously that (i) the cluster ions with n = 1–2 have the proton‐nontransferred form; (ii) the cluster ion with n = 3 settles mainly on the proton‐transferred branched form; and (iii) in the case of n = 4 cluster ions, can be a mixture of proton‐transferred ringed and branched forms. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005