bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Semifascicle Graft Technique to Bridge Peripheral Nerve Defect
Authors: Xu Heng , Chen Gang , Yuan Ye , Zhou Sizheng , Wo Yan , Wang Wenjin 
Published: October 2023

Background
Autologous nerve grafting, the criterion standard for bridging peripheral nerves, can cause complications at the donor site. We investigated a novel approach to reconstruct the nerve gap with a split cross-sectional unmatched semifascicle autograft, which was harvested from the distal part of the injured nerve.

Methods
A patient diagnosed with left-sided frontal branch facial nerve dissection underwent nerve bridging emergency surgery using a semifascicle nerve graft. A sciatic nerve model was used to validate the feasibility and mechanism of this method. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 36) were randomized into (A) intact fascicle, (B) semifascicle, and (C) semifascicle + conduit groups and further subdivided into 4- and 8-week groups for histological analysis of the neurotissue area, fibers, and Schwann cells. The 8-week groups underwent weekly pain and temperature tests; the wet weight of the gastrocnemius muscle was measured after euthanasia.

Results
The frontalis of the patient's injured side exhibited movement at 2 months postsurgery and recovered a symmetrical appearance at 13 months. Group A exhibited more neurotissue areas and fibers than groups B and C at week 4; group B had more neurotissue than group C. Group A had greater neurotissue areas than groups B and C at week 8; groups B and C exhibited no differences. The groups displayed no differences regarding nerve fiber, pain, and temperature analysis at week 8. Muscle wet weight of groups A and B exhibited no differences and was higher than that of group C.

Conclusion
We demonstrated the clinical translational value of semifascicle nerve grafts; the injured site was both the donor and recipient, thereby avoiding donor site damage and associated complications.
Immediate Soft Tissue Reconstruction in Lower Limb Traumas Using Propeller Perforator Flaps
Authors: Gatto Arianna , Giacomini Giorgio , Cavalli Erica Michela , Pajardi Giorgio Eugenio , Marchesi Andrea 
Published: October 2023

Background
Open bone fractures represent a demanding clinical condition that can be life- or limb-threatening. For small- to medium-size soft tissue defects of the lower extremity, propeller perforator flaps are a viable option for reconstruction. We report our experience in Gustilo IIIB open fractures treatment with immediate coverage through propeller-based perforator flaps performed in acute setting.

Methods
Between 2019 and 2022, 94 Gustilo III fractures were admitted to our trauma center, and 28 were Gustilo IIIB fractures. Five patients were eligible for an immediate perforator-based propeller flaps reconstruction. The mean age of the patients was 33.8 years. All of them were male. One of them was a heavy smoker (15 cigarettes per day). No other comorbidities were present.

Results
The mean operating time, including fracture reduction and fixation time, was 106 minutes. The length of the defect varied between 5 and 7 cm and the width between 3 and 4 cm. We reported no major complications, and none of the patients required a surgical revision of the flap. A patient with smoking habit reported a superficial flap necrosis. The mean follow-up was 5.5 months. No cases of nonunion or osteomyelitis have developed so far.

Conclusions
The use of perforator-based propeller flaps, in acute trauma setting, has not been reported in literature so far. In our experience, propeller perforator flaps are a viable reconstructive option in immediate reconstruction during the acute management of open fractures.
Analyzing the Visibility of Gender-Affirming Surgery Education on US Plastic Surgery Residency Program Web Sites
Authors: Camacho Justin M. , Najafali Daniel , Francis Shannon , Tople Tannon L. , Patel Heli S. , Thawanyarat Kometh , Eggert Gina R. , Calderon Thais , Nazerali Rahim S. , Morrison Shane D. 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAs the demand for gender affirmation grows, teaching gender-affirming surgery (GAS) in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) programs has become increasingly important. Residency applicants interested in GAS often use program web sites to explore potential training opportunities. Our study aimed to quantify the GAS training opportunities promoted on residency program web sites and determine the characteristics of programs likely to promote GAS training.MethodsAn assessment of 88 integrated PRS residency programs' web sites was conducted between 2021 and 2022. Plastic and reconstructive surgery residency and institutional webpages were queried for geographical location, training opportunities in GAS through residency or fellowship, and the number of faculty performing GAS. Descriptive statistics and multivariable regressions were used to describe and identify factors associated with increased GAS residency training opportunities.ResultsTwenty-six percent of PRS residencies mentioned training opportunities for GAS on their web sites. Gender-affirming surgery fellowships were offered at 7% of institutions, and an additional 7% were available via adjunct academic programs. Programs with faculty practicing GAS were 54% more likely to mention GAS on their residency page (odds ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–2.21;P= 0.009).ConclusionsFew PRS residency programs mention GAS on their web sites. As GAS becomes a more robust component of plastic surgery, appropriate information about the extent of GAS training should be available for applicants. Determining how local, state, and federal policies impact programs' abilities to highlight GAS should be investigated in future studies.
Aspects of Rest–Activity Rhythms Associated With Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Moderate and Severe Dementia
Authors: Ishimaru Daiki , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Nagata Yuma , Ogawa Yasuhiro , Fukuhara Keita , Nishikawa Takashi 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
Disturbances in rest–activity rhythms (RAR) are commonly observed in patients with dementia; however, the influence thereof on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) remains unexplored. This study aimed to determine whether there is an association between RAR and BPSD among patients with moderate and severe dementia.

Methods:
RAR analyses of 64 participants were performed using actigraphy. BPSD was assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home (NPI-NH) scale, and other clinical variables were assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination, Cognitive Test for Severe Dementia, and Hyogo Activities of Daily Living Scale. Correlations among RAR, sleep time, and BPSD were analyzed. A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the association of RAR and sleep time with BPSD. The demographic variables were also adjusted. Variables were compared between two groups with aberrant and nonaberrant activity peak timing.

Results:
Correlation analysis showed that longer maximum durations of activity and shorter daytime sleep were associated with higher NPI-NH scores. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that maximum activity duration predicted the NPI-NH score after adjustment for the demographic variables. There was no significant difference in any variables between the groups with aberrant and nonaberrant activity peak timing.

Conclusion:
RAR is associated with BPSD in moderate-to-severe dementia, which should be considered with regard to treatment.
Anticipated Psychological or Behavioral Reactions to Learning Alzheimer Biomarker Results
Authors: Clark Lindsay R. , Erickson Claire M. , Chin Nathaniel A. , Basche Kristin E. , Jonaitis Erin M. , Ketchum Fred B. , Gleason Carey E. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
As Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarker testing becomes more widely available, adults may opt to learn results. Considering potential reactions to learning biomarker results can guide prebiomarker and postbiomarker testing education and counseling programs.

Methods:
Cognitively healthy adults enrolled in observational Alzheimer research responded to a telephone survey about learning AD risk information (n=334; 44% Black or African American; mean age=64.9±7.0). Multiple linear regression models tested if contextual factors predicted anticipated psychological impact (distress, stigma, and cognitive symptoms) or behavior change (planning and risk-reduction). Secondary analyses tested for differences in relationships by racial identity.

Results:
Internal health locus of control, concern about AD, self-identified sex, education, family dementia history, and belief in AD modifiability predicted anticipated psychological impact. Concern about AD, age, racial identity, belief in AD modifiability, research attitudes, and exposure to brain health-related social norms predicted anticipated behavior change. For Black respondents, there were no sex differences in anticipated distress, whereas there were stronger relationships between health locus of control, brain health social norms, and education on outcomes compared with White respondents.

Conclusions:
Results may inform personalized and culturally tailored biomarker testing education and counseling to minimize psychological impacts and increase behavior change related to learning AD risk information.
Microbiome depiction through user-adapted bioinformatic pipelines and parameters
Authors: Nayman Eric I. , Schwartz Brooke A. , Polanco Fantaysia C. , Firek Alexandra K. , Gumabong Alayna C. , Hofstee Nolan J. , Narasimhan Giri , Cickovski Trevor , Mathee Kalai 
Published: October 2023

Graphical Abstract
Determining microbiome composition is a multi-step process. The 16S rRNA gene is amplified from the extracted DNA, sequenced, and then metagenomic data are input into a bioinformatic workflow. This paper describes how choices of bioinformatic pipelines, databases, and parameter values, such as maxEE and QTrim, can impact microbial compositional output.
On-scalp magnetoencephalography can detect mesial temporal lobe epileptiform discharges
Authors: Feys Odile , Ferez Maxime , Corvilain Pierre , Schuind Sophie , Rikir Estelle , Legros Benjamin , Gaspard Nicolas , Holmes Niall , Brookes Matthew , Wens Vincent , De Tiège Xavier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe validation of on-scalp magnetoencephalography based on optically pumped magnetometers (OPM-MEG) for clinical applications requires the assessment of the spatial concordance between reconstructed neural sources and intracranial data recorded simultaneously.We here report unprecedented data from an epileptic woman suffering from refractory focal epilepsy who underwent a 10-min simultaneous whole-scalp-covering video-OPM-MEG (118 channels) and stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) recordings.The most active irritative zone involved the right amygdala despite multiple seizure-onset zones. The multimodal recording allowed to detect and localize 31 simultaneous interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in OPM-MEG signals among the 52 IEDs detected in SEEG signals, and corresponded to the IEDs with the highest amplitude in SEEG. These IEDs were located at the right amygdala using both modalities, with sources distant from 14.1mm.This simultaneous recording demonstrates the ability of OPM-MEG to detect and localize IEDs from a deep mesiotemporal structure such as the amygdala with a localization value and an IED detection rate in line with previous simultaneous cryogenic MEG and SEEG studies. It paves the way for further on-scalp OPM-MEG recordings in patients with implanted materials and strengthens the potential of this growing technology for future clinical and research applications in patients with brain disorders.
Characterization of the Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences and Phylogenetic Relationships of Four Oil-Seed Camellia spp. and related taxa
Authors: Luo Huihua , Liao Boyong , Li Yongjuan , Huang Runsheng , Zhang Kunchang , Wang Longyuan , Tan Jing , Lv Yuzhou , Lai Can , Li Yongquan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSome species in the Sect.Oleiferaof the genusCamelliaL. known as oil-seed camellia because of their high oil content and economic value. Additional studies aimed at clarifying the phylogenetic relationships and chloroplast genomes ofCamelliaspecies are needed to hybridization, as well as improve the breeding, selection and interspecific hybridization ofCamelliaspecies. The complete chloroplast genomes (cpDNA) of the four oil-seed camellia speciesC. semiserrata, C. meiocarpa, C. suaveolens, andC. osmanthawere resequenced to clarify their interspecific relationships. These cpDNA had typical tetrad structures, and they were highly conserved in various structural features. The total lengths of the cpDNA ranged from 156,965 to 157,018 bp, and 134 genes were annotated, including 88 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes, and 8 messenger RNA genes. The average GC content of these genomes was 37.3%. The codons with the highest and lowest codon usage bias were UUA (which codes for leucine) and AGC (which codes for serine), respectively. The number of simple sequences repeats of the fourCameliaspecies ranged from 38 to 40. Mononucleotide repeats were the most common repeat type, followed by tetranucleotide, trinucleotide, and hexanucleotide repeats. Our phylogenetic analysis of cpDNA, coupled with the results of previous ploidy analyses and artificial interspecific hybridization, revealed thatC. semiserratawas most closely related toC. azalea, C. suaveolenswas most closely related toC. gauchowensis, C. osmanthawas most closely related toC. vietnamensis, andC. meiocarpawas most closely related toC. oleifera. The phylogenetic relationships between oil-seed camellia species with high oil content and economic value were characterized. Our analysis of the cpDNA provided new insights that will aid the use of artificial distant hybridization in camellia breeding programs.
The potential impact of microRNA-related functional polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease
Authors: Haq Taqweem Ul , Ali Yasir , Rehman Sami Ur , Ali Sajjad , Chen Yangchao , Jalil Fazal , Shah Aftab Ali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNA) are important post-transcriptional gene regulators. Various populations have experienced a marked rise in the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) due to multiple miRNA variations. The current case-control study (150 cases and 150 healthy controls) was designed to determine the potential role of five miRNA functional variants (rs2292832, rs3746444, rs11614913, rs1044165, and rs767649) as risk factors for CHD in the Pakistani population using TaqMan Real-time PCR Assay. It was observed that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3746444 was significantly associated with the risk of CHD using the co-dominant model [χ2 =79.51; P = 0.0001], dominant model (GG vs AA+AG) [OR = 9.333 (5.180-16.82); P = 0.0001], heterozygous model (AG vs AA+GG) [OR = 0.1241 (0.065-0.234); P = 0.0001] and additive model [A vs G; OR = 0.3440 (0.2468-0.4795); P = 0.0001] respectively. Furthermore, rs11614913 was also linked with CHD when analyzed using a co-dominant model [χ2 =16.24; P = 0.0003], dominant model (CC vs CT+TT) [OR = 1.918 (1.210-3.042); P = 0.0075], recessive model (TT vs CT+CC) [OR = 0.2754 (0.1369-0.5540); P = 0.0002], and additive model [OR = 2.033 (1.445-2.861); P = 0.0001]. It was also found that rs767649 is connected to CHD using a co-dominant model [χ2 =114.9; P = 0.0001], dominant model (AA vs AT+TT) [OR = 7.851 (3.554-17.34); P = 0.0001], recessive model (TT vs AT+AA) [OR = 0.04956 (0.026-0.092); P = 0.0001], heterozygous model (AT vs AA+TT) [OR = 4.495 (2.737-7.382); P = 0.0001], and inheritance additive model [A vs T; OR=7.154 (4.902-10.44); P = 0.0001] respectively. The SNP rs1044165 revealed a strong correlation with CHD using the heterozygous inheritance model (AG vs GG+AA) [OR = 0.3442 (0.1308-0.9055); P = 0.0276]. No statistically significant association (P □ 0.05) of rs2292832 SNP with CHD was found using all five inheritance models.
Long-distance tmFRET using bipyridyl- and phenanthroline-based ligands
Authors: Gordon Sharona E. , Evans Eric G. B. , Otto Shauna C. , Tessmer Maxx H. , Shaffer Kyle D. , Gordon Moshe T. , Petersson E. James , Stoll Stefan , Zagotta William N. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTWith the great progress on determining protein structures over the last decade comes a renewed appreciation that structures must be combined with dynamics and energetics to understand function. Fluorescence spectroscopy, specifically Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), provides a great window into dynamics and energetics due to its application at physiological temperatures and ability to measure dynamics on the ångström scale. We have recently advanced transition metal FRET (tmFRET) to study allosteric regulation of maltose binding protein and have reported measurements of maltose- dependent distance changes with an accuracy of ∼1.5 Å. When paired with the noncanonical amino acid Acd as a donor, our previous tmFRET acceptors were useful over a working distance of 10 Å to 20 Å. Here, we use cysteine-reactive bipyridyl and phenanthroline compounds as chelators for Fe2+and Ru2+to produce novel tmFRET acceptors to expand the working distance to as long as 50 Å, while preserving our ability to resolve even small maltose-dependent changes in distance. We compare our measured FRET efficiencies to predictions based on models using rotameric ensembles of the donors and acceptors to demonstrate that steady-state measurements of tmFRET with our new probes have unprecedented ability to measure conformational rearrangements under physiological conditions.STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCEIn this work, we expand the working distance of transition metal ion Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (tmFRET) to allow the measurement of donor-acceptor distances from 10 Å to 50 Å. We develop new cysteine-reactive bipyridyl- and phenanthroline-based ligands for Cu2+, Fe2+, and Ru2+and examine their ability to resolve small ligand-dependent distance changes in maltose binding protein. We extend these studies using pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to demonstrate the high accuracy of tmFRET for studying protein allostery.
Efficient Prohibitin 2 exposure during mitophagy depends on Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1
Authors: Roy Moumita , Nandy Sumangal , Marchesan Elena , Banerjee Chayan , Mondal Rupsha , Caicci Federico , Ziviani Elena , Chakraborty Joy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAutophagic elimination of depolarized mitochondria (mitophagy) depends on Ubiquitin proteasome complex to expose the inner mitochondrial membrane-resident protein-Prohibitin 2 (PHB2). This uncovering facilitates its interaction with autophagosomal membrane-associated protein LC3. It remains unclear whether PHB2 is uncovered randomly through mitochondrial rupture sites. Prior knowledge and initial screening indicated that Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC1) might play a role in this process. Throughin vitrobiochemical assays and imaging, we have found that VDAC1-PHB2 interaction increases during mitochondrial depolarization. Subsequently, this interaction enhances the efficiency of PHB2 exposure and mitophagy. To investigate the relevancein vivo, we utilized a Porin (equivalent to VDAC1) knockoutDrosophilaline. Our findings demonstrate that during rotenone-induced mitochondrial stress, Porin is essential for PHB2 exposure, PHB2-LC3 interaction, and mitophagy. This study highlights that VDAC1 predominantly synchronizes efficient PHB2 exposure through mitochondrial rupture sites during mitophagy. These findings may provide insights to understand progressive neurodegeneration.
RELderegulation stands as a primary hit for AID-imprinted B-cells along the germinal center competition
Authors: Prévaud Léa , Vincent-Fabert Christelle , Marchiol Tiffany , Lemasson Quentin , Ouk Catherine , Carrion Claire , Cogné Michel , Feuillard Jean , Faumont Nathalie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), gains and amplifications of the 2p15-16 region, which always encompass theRELgene, are mostly restricted to the germinal center (GC) B- cell DLBCL subtype (GCB-DLBCL) for which c-Rel is the pivotal Rel/NF-κB subunit. WhileRELis also known to play a key role in the GC reaction, its contribution to GCB-DLBCL transformation is still unclear. To understand the role ofRELin the very first steps of GCB transformation,i.ewhen B-cells with deregulatedRELare competing with other B-cells during chronic antigenic stimulation, we have created a dual-color mouse that allows to induceRELin a limited pool of AID- imprinted B-cells after immunization and to differentially stain AID-imprinted B-cells cells that overexpressRELor not. Our results demonstrate that dysregulation ofRELat the GC B-cell stage promotes GC B-cell expansion and favors both class-switch recombination and plasma cell differentiation. Additionally, althoughRELoverexpression was neutral on post-GC memory B-cell differentiation, it did confer a long-term competitive advantage allowing for GC persistence and continuous recirculation ofREL-overexpressing B-cells. Functionally,RELenhanced the protection against apoptosis in the early steps of GCB differentiation.REL- overexpressing B-cells can my occasionally transform into in an aggressive B-cell tumor. Highlighting the role of repeated immune responses, our results confirm the role ofRELin the germinal center reaction and provide evidence supporting the fact that genetic deregulation of c-Rel expression is most likely a primary event in the aggressive transformation of GC B-cells.Key points-RELprovides a long-term competitive advantage allowing for GC B-cell persistence and continuous recirculation of AID-imprinted B-cells-AID-imprinted B-cells overexpressingRELcan occasionally transform into aggressive B-cell lymphomasExplanation of the noveltyBy showing in a new dual-color mouse model that dysregulation ofRELin a very limited pool of AID-imprinted B-cells confers a strong long-term competitive advantage in the context of repeated immune responses and may occasionally lead to transformation into an aggressive B- cell lymphoma, we provide for the first time experimental evidence supporting the fact that thatRELis most likely a primary event in the aggressive transformation of germinal center B-cells.
Validation of the Openwater wearable optical system: cerebral hemodynamic monitoring during a breath hold maneuver
Authors: Favilla Christopher G. , Carter Sarah , Hartl Brad , Gitlevich Rebecca , Mullen Michael T. , Yodh Arjun G. , Baker Wesley B. , Konecky Soren 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBedside cerebral blood flow (CBF) monitoring has the potential to inform and improve care for acute neurologic diseases, but technical challenges limit the use of existing techniques in clinical practice. Here we validate the Openwater optical system, a novel wearable headset that uses laser speckle contrast to monitor microvascular hemodynamics. We monitored 25 healthy adults with the Openwater system and concurrent transcranial Doppler (TCD) while performing a breath-hold maneuver to increase CBF. Relative blood flow (rBF) was derived from the changes in speckle contrast, and relative blood volume (rBV) was derived from the changes in speckle average intensity. A strong correlation was observed between beat-to-beat optical rBF and TCD-measured cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv), R=0.79; the slope of the linear fit indicates good agreement, 0.87 (95% CI:0.83-0.92). Beat-to-beat rBV and CBFv were strongly correlated, R=0.72, but as expected the two variables were not proportional; changes in rBV were smaller than CBFv changes, with linear fit slope of 0.18 (95% CI:0.17-0.19). Further, strong agreement was found between rBF and CBFv waveform morphology and related metrics. This firstin vivovalidation of the Openwater optical system highlights its potential as a cerebral hemodynamic monitor, but additional validation is needed in disease states.