bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of peak muscle power between Brazilian and French girls
Authors: Nanci Maria França , Eric Doré , Mario Bedu , Emmanuel Van Praagh 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study examined the muscle power of Brazilian circumpubertal girls and extended the analysis to a cross‐cultural dimension. A total of 462 children, 123 Brazilian girls and 339 French girls, 9–18 years, participated in this investigation. Anthropometric data included body mass (BM), height, skinfold thicknesses, and estimated lean leg volume (LLV). All subjects completed a physical activity questionnaire. Cycling peak power was measured including the flywheel inertia of the device (CPPi). Brazilian girls self‐assessed their maturation using pubic hair development. CPPi and optimal velocity (vopt = velocity at CPPi) increased with stages of puberty. A multiple stepwise regression with anthropometric variables as explanatory factors showed only LLV and age explaining the variance of CPPi (R2 = 0.40, P < 0.001). Therefore, 60% of the variance of CPPi in Brazilian girls was related to undetermined qualitative individual factors, which may be related to cycling skill. Even when normalized for anthropometric variables, the anaerobic performance (CPPi and vopt) of Brazilian girls was significantly lower than a cohort of French girls. The latter demonstrated a high participation in sport and training activities, while 50% of the Brazilian girls had only physical education classes in the form of regular physical activity. Moreover, most of the Brazilian girls demonstrated an ineffective sprint cycling skill. The data suggest that motor learning is an important issue in muscle power assessment and might, therefore, partially explain peak power differences in Brazilian compared with French girls. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 14:364–371, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of age, ethnicity and menopause on ambulatory blood pressure: Japanese‐American and Caucasian school teachers in Hawaii
Authors: Brown Daniel E. , Leidy Sievert Lynnette , Aki Sue L. , Mills Phoebe S. , Etrata Michaelyn B. , Paopao Rena N.K. , James Gary D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAmbulatory blood pressure (BP) measurements of 120 female teachers of Japanese‐American or Caucasian ethnicity working in public schools located in Hilo, Hawaii, were recorded. BP was measured at 15‐min intervals during waking hours and 30‐min intervals during sleep over a 24‐hr period that included a full work day. These measurements were averaged during three daily settings: at work, at home while awake (“home”), and during sleep. ANCOVAs using ethnicity as a predictor variable of BP, with age and the body mass index (BMI) as covariates, show a significant interaction effect between age and ethnicity in some daily settings. Among Japanese‐Americans partial correlations between age and systolic BP controlling for the BMI are significant in these settings, while among Caucasians none of the correlations are significant. Menopausal status is not significantly related to BP when age is controlled in analyses. There was no significant ethnic difference in number of symptoms reported, including frequency of “hot flushes/flashes,” within the past two weeks. Those who reported hot flushes had significantly elevated BP in waking settings but not during sleep. The greater increase in BP with age in Japanese‐Americans may be related to their elevated risk for development of hypertension. The lack of a significant relationship between menopausal status and BP may be due to the high rate of usage of hormonal replacement therapy in this sample, as well as an unusually high rate of hysterectomy. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 13:486–493, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Occurrence of farmer's lung disease is relevant to meteorological conditions: A 20‐year follow‐up field survey analysis
Authors: Takahashi Toru , Ohtsuka Yoshinori , Munakata Mitsuru , Nasuhara Yasuyuki , Kamachi‐Satoh Atsuko , Homma Yukihiko , Kawakami Yoshikazu 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundA field survey on farmer's lung disease (FLD) in a dairy farming community in the northernmost district of Japan has been in progress since 1978.MethodsThe correlation between the number of FLD occurrences year by year and dairy farming conditions and meteorological data were compared.ResultsThirty‐four FLD cases had occurred in a 20 years period. Average number of days below freezing during the harvest season the year prior to FLD occurrence were significantly smaller than other years (2.1 ± 0.7 [SE] days, 4.6 ± 0.7 days, P < 0.05, respectively). Average annual sum of the sunlight hours in the years before the years with FLD occurrence was significantly smaller than those without FLD occurrence (1457.1 ± 114.0 hr, 1811.3 ± 97.7 hr, P < 0.05, respectively) and was also significantly smaller for the sunlight hours during a harvest season (821.9 ± 60.2 hr, 1023.2 ± 52.7 hr, P < 0.05, respectively).ConclusionsTemperature and sunlight hours closely associated with the FLD occurrence. Am. J. Ind. Med. 41:506–513, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hospitalization experiences of U.S. servicemembers before, during, and after participation in peacekeeping operations in Bosnia–Herzegovina*†
Authors: Brundage John F. , Kohlhase Kimmie F. , Gambel Jeffrey M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundThere are relationships among morbidity experiences before, during, and after participation in overseas military operations.MethodsU.S. servicemembers who deployed to Bosnia–Herzegovina during a 4‐year period were classified based on their last hospitalizations prior to deploying. Hospitalization rates during and following deployment were calculated in relation to the timing and causes of pre‐deployment hospitalizations.ResultsDeployers ever hospitalized pre‐deployment were 120% and 50% more likely to be hospitalized during and following deployment, respectively. For nearly every category of diagnoses, hospitalization rates during and following deployment were highest among those hospitalized for the same category, intermediate among those hospitalized for other categories, and lowest among those not hospitalized prior to deploying. Deployers hospitalized within 1 month, 2–3 months, or > 3 months of deploying were 3.8, 2.6, and 1.4‐times more likely to be hospitalized during deployment.ConclusionsThe nature and recency of prior hospitalizations significantly determine during and post‐deployment hospitalization risks. Am. J. Ind. Med. 41:279–284, 2002. Published 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exposure to endosulfan in farmers: Two case studies
Authors: Brandt Victoria A. , Moon Sam , Ehlers Janet , Methner Mark M. , Struttmann Tim 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundEndosulfan is not a restricted use organochlorine insecticide and is currently under re‐registration review. In 1993, one confirmed case and one possible case of endosulfan poisoning in agricultural workers occurred in two southeastern states.MethodsTwo cases of suspected endosulfan poisoning were investigated utilizing record reviews, blood samples, a site visit, and clothing analysis.ResultsCase 1 was fatal; Case 2 resulted in permanent neurological impairment. Additionally, Case 1 mixed and applied two less toxic pesticides, acephate and maleic hydrazide to tobacco plants. Both farm owners had ample opportunity for endosulfan exposure while mixing concentrated endosulfan with water and applying the solution to tobacco with boom sprayers pulled by tractors.ConclusionsEstimates of the absorbed dose of endosulfan were not available because methods to determine actual personal exposure that would be found in fat or tissue samples were not used. Health and safety issues associated with endosulfan require a closer examination. A cooperative multi‐disciplinary approach to providing timely accurate education is needed to prevent pesticide poisonings. Am. J. Ind. Med. 39:643–649, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alzheimer disease is not associated with polymorphisms in the angiotensinogen and renin genes
Authors: Taylor Alison , Ezquerra Mario , Bagri Gurjog , Yip Agustin , Goumidi Louisa , Cottel Dominique , Easton Douglas , Evans John Grimley , Xuereb John , Cairns Nigel J. , Amouyel Philippe , Chartier‐Harlin Marie‐Christine , Brayne Carol , Rubinsztein David C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHypertension has been implicated as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD) and dementia in epidemiological studies of humans. It is thus possible that there are common genetic determinants for hypertension and AD. Epidemiological, clinical, and experimental data suggest that the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system is a critical regulator of blood pressure. The presence of an MboI site in an RFLP in the renin gene and the Thr at the Met/Thr polymorphism at codon 235 (M235T) of the angiotensinogen gene have been reported to be associated with hypertension. These variants were studied in autopsy‐confirmed AD cases and matched controls from the U.K. While no association was detected with the renin polymorphism, a weak deleterious effect was observed in cases homozygous for the angiotensinogen Thr allele. However, this association was not observed in a French cohort of clinically diagnosed AD cases and controls, suggesting that the initial observation was a type I error. Thus, these polymorphisms are unlikely to be associated with AD risk. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Documentary and artistic evidence for conjoined twins from Sixteenth Century England
Authors: Anderson T. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOur knowledge of disease in earlier Britain is largely based on the study of skeletal remains. However, a series of sixteenth century illustrative ballads provides the first proof for conjoined twins from late medieval England. The dearth of archaeological cases may be due to lack of definite skeletal changes or as a result of the remains being denied burial within consecrated ground. Other cases may exist, but documentary evidence is biased to the later medieval period, when such birth defects were recorded solely as a warning against immorality. The famous Biddenden Maids, no doubt, are remembered because of their association with a bequest of land and distribution to the poor. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mutation analysis of synapsin III gene in schizophrenia
Authors: Tsai Ming‐Ta , Hung Chao‐Chun , Tsai Chan‐Yen , Liu Mei‐Ying , Su Yi‐Chieh , Chen Yun‐Hsiang , Hsiao Kwang‐Jen , Chen Chia‐Hsiang 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSynapsin III is a new synapsin family gene with the putative function of synaptogenesis regulation and neurotransmitter release in the brain. The gene was mapped to 22q12‐q13, a schizophrenia susceptible region gene as suggested by several linkage studies. Hence, the synapsin III gene is considered a candidate gene of schizophrenia. We systematically sequenced the protein coding and 5′‐promoter regions of the synapsin III gene to look for mutations in 62 Han Chinese schizophrenic patients from Taiwan with positive family history. Further case‐control association study was performed among 163 patients and 151 controls using the genetic polymorphic markers identified from these 62 patients. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified: g.‐631C > G and g.‐196G > A at 5′‐promoter region, and g.69G > A at exon 1. Besides, no other mutations were identified in these patients. The g.69G > A polymorphism does not alter the amino acid threonine at codon 23 (ACG > ACA). Further case‐control association studies also did not find significant differences of genotype or allele frequency distributions of these three polymorphisms between 163 patients and 151 non‐psychotic comparison individuals. Hence, our data are not in favor of a large effect of synapsin III gene in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular analysis, mutation screening, and association study of adenylate cyclase type 9 gene (ADCY9) in mood disorders
Authors: Toyota Tomoko , Hattori Eiji , Meerabux Joanne , Yamada Kazuo , Saito Koji , Shibuya Haruo , Nankai Masahiro , Yoshikawa Takeo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractChromosome 16p13 has been shown to display modest linkage signals for mood disorders in a number of studies. An interesting candidate gene in this region is the adenylate cyclase (AC) type 9 gene (ADCY9). ACs are critical in neuronal signaling, and perturbation of brain AC activity has been reported in mood disorder postmortem brains. ACs may also act as targets of antidepressants. Two distinct length transcripts for the ADCY9 gene have been reported, but molecular mechanisms are unknown. To investigate the potential role of ADCY9 in mood disorders, we clarified alternative poly(A) sites for the two mRNA species, delineated the exon‐intron structure, and screened the gene for genetic variants. The two transcripts encoded by ADCY9 shared the first 10 exons, but exon 11 was shorter in one of the mRNA species. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms, including a missense mutation and one polymorphic microsatellite repeat in the 3′‐UTR, were identified. However, a case‐control study using the missense polymorphism, 2316A > G (Ile772Met), and the tetranucleotide repeat (TTTA)n showed no significant association with mood disorders in Japanese samples. The DNA polymorphisms detected in this study can be tested in other ethnic samples and/or other psychiatric diseases. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Craniofacial anomalies, deafness, brachydactyly, short stature, and moderate mental retardation due to a cryptic 6p;11q translocation
Authors: Mégarbané André , Bejjani Bassem A. , Shaffer Lisa G. , Jambart Sélim , Souraty Noelle , Kashork Catherine D. , Le Merrer Martine 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMonozygotic twin brothers are described who share clinical features which include: moderate mental retardation, short stature, macrocephaly, frontal bossing, ptosis, low‐set ears, brachydactyly, 5th fingers clinodactyly, single palmar creases, cryptorchidism, and prelingual sensorineural deafness. One of the twins presented with mild cardiac dilatation and died at age 3½ from cardiac arrest during an episode of acute respiratory infection. While chromosome analyses performed for both twins on peripheral blood showed apparently normal karyotypes, screening for all telomeric regions on the surviving propositus revealed a combination of partial 6p trisomy and partial 11q monosomy. A balanced reciprocal translocation was found in the father. The phenotype of the twins is most likely related to this cryptic chromosomal rearrangement. The fact that the phenotype in this family partially overlaps with some previously reported phenotypes is discussed. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Patellar dislocation in Kabuki syndrome
Authors: Kurosawa Kenji , Kawame Hiroshi , Ochiai Yukikatsu , Nakashima Masanosuke , Tohma Takaya , Ohashi Hirofumi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe describe four individuals (two females and two males) with Kabuki syndrome and recurrent dislocation of the patella. The age of diagnosis of patellar dislocation ranged from 11 to 23 years. One individual underwent excision of the free fragment and transfer of the tibial tuberosity with good outcome. Two required patellar brace for instability. Characteristics of individuals with the syndrome at a high risk of patellar dislocation include female, adolescence or young adulthood, joint laxity, and obesity. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The phenotypic manifestations of interstitial duplications of proximal 15q with special reference to the autistic spectrum disorders
Authors: Bolton Patrick Farrar , Dennis N.R. , Browne C.E. , Thomas N.S. , Veltman M.W.M. , Thompson R.J. , Jacobs P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study investigated the phenotypic manifestations of interstitial duplications of chromosome 15 that involve the Prader‐Willi/Angelman syndrome critical region (PWACR). Twenty‐one affected individuals from six families were evaluated in detail, using standardized and semi‐standardized measures of intelligence, psychopathology, and physical anomalies. Special attention was placed on determining the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders as well as the relationship between the parental origin of the duplication and the phenotypic effects. Assessments of the affected individuals were compared with evaluations of the unaffected relatives from the same families. Results indicated that duplications in the region were associated with variable degrees of intellectual impairments and motor coordination problems. Four of the subjects received a diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder. Three of these cases were probands and only one met criteria for classic autism. There was very little evidence of the duplication cosegregating with autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. Paternally inherited duplications were significantly less likely to give rise to phenotypic effects. The findings indicate that duplications in the PWACR give rise to developmental delay but not necessarily autism spectrum disorders. They also suggest that phenotypic expression is dependent on the parental origin of the duplication and implicate maternally active genes in the pathogenesis of the developmental impairments. Further research will be required to clarify the range and basis of the phenotypic manifestations. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Toward developing a genome‐wide microsatellite marker set for linkage analysis in the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): Identification of 76 polymorphic markers
Authors: Hadfield Ruth M. , Pullen Jan G. , Davies Kay F. , Wolfensohn Sarah E. , Kemnitz Joseph W. , Weeks Daniel E. , Bennett Simon T. , Kennedy Stephen H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLinkage analysis can be problematic in humans because of the lack of large, multigenerational pedigrees and the difficulties in obtaining phenotypic data on all family members. In contrast, large, captive colonies of rhesus macaque are a potentially valuable resource for linkage studies because detailed phenotypic and genealogical data are kept, inbreeding is avoided, and DNA samples can usually be obtained. Microsatellite marker sets for genome‐wide screening are available in a number of species, but not for the rhesus macaque. We tested primers to 400 human microsatellite markers from a genome‐wide mapping set using DNA from nine unrelated female rhesus macaques. We found that 76 (19%) of the primers amplified a polymorphic product using the standard protocols for human DNA. The average heterozygosity of the markers in humans was 0.80, compared to 0.65 in the rhesus macaques. This study provides preliminary data, which could be used toward the development of a linkage mapping set in this species. There would be a need, however, to confirm the Mendelian inheritance of the markers. Am. J. Primatol. 54:223–231, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Partial characterization of the CD45 phosphatase cDNA in the owl monkey (Aotus vociferans)
Authors: Montoya Gladis E. , Vernot Jean‐Paul , Patarroyo Manuel E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCD45 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase implicated in T and B cell activation, differentiation, and development. It dephosphorylates specific tyrosine residues on its substrates, principally on the Src‐family of protein tyrosine kinases, thus regulating T cell or B cell activation during the immune response. In this study, we present the partial CD45 nucleotide and deduced amino‐acid sequences for the owl monkey (Aotus vociferens). There is 97% identity in the nucleotide sequence and 96% in the amino acid sequence with the human counterpart. Aotus CD45 undergoes alternative splicing on the extracelular N‐terminal tail, and has several conserved features characteristic of other species. This includes the two Tyr phosphatase domains and some residues and/or motifs involved in docking of signaling molecules, intramolecular interactions, and CD45 activity and activity regulation (YINAS, GXGXXG, WPD, and YWP motifs, and the Cys residues). This suggests that the Aotus CD45 molecule is a functional enzyme and that initial lymphocyte activation in Aotus monkeys and humans is very similar. Together with previous reports from our laboratory, this work supports the contention that immune responses in Aotus are similar to those of humans, and supports the strategy for using this experimental model for studies on activation of T lymphocytes in response to specific antigens. Am. J. Primatol. 57:1–11, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Measurement of urinary and fecal steroid metabolites during the ovarian cycle in captive and wild Japanese macaques, Macaca fuscata
Authors: Fujita Shiho , Mitsunaga Fusako , Sugiura Hideki , Shimizu Keiko 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe measured the concentration of steroid hormones from urine, feces, and blood samples of two captive Japanese macaques, Macaca fuscata, during nonconceptive ovarian cycles to compare the patterns of the excreted steroids with those of circulating steroids. Urine and feces were analyzed for estrone conjugates (E1C) and pregnanediol‐3‐glucronide (PdG) using enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), while plasma was analyzed for estradiol‐17β(E2), progesterone (P), and luteinizing hormone (LH) using radioimmunoassays (RIAs). Urinary and fecal E1C and PdG levels were approximately parallel to plasma E2 and P levels, respectively. The E1C profiles of daily urinary and fecal samples revealed a midcycle peak, followed by a sustained PdG increase lasting up to two weeks from the E1C peak. A fecal E1C peak was one day later than the urinary E1C peak. One of the captive females exhibited a discrete plasma LH peak, one indicator that ovulation has occurred, on the day following the urinary E1C peak, i.e., the same day of fecal E1C peak. We measured excreted steroids in nine wild females and determined the timing of ovulation by comparing fecal steroid profiles to those obtained in captive monkeys. Data from wild females indicated that eight of nine females conceived during their first ovulatory cycle of the sampling period, whereas the remaining female failed to conceive during the sampling period even though she ovulated. In the eight females that conceived, E1C increased again following the detected or estimated E1C peak, with levels comparable to the preovulatory peak levels, and sustained elevations of PdG for over 40 days. These data illustrate that the urinary and fecal profiles of ovarian steroid excretion obtained through the application of these noninvasive techniques provide an accurate approach for monitoring conceptive and nonconceptive ovarian cycle in captive and free‐living Japanese macaques. Am. J. Primatol. 53:167–176, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Paleoepidemiolgical patterns of trauma in a prehistoric population from central California
Authors: Jurmain Robert 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSkeletal trauma was investigated in a large collection of human remains from central California (N = 162 aged and sexed adults). Lesions investigated included cranial and long bone fractures, projectile wounds, and dislocation. Long bone fractures were found in 10.5% of individuals; overall, incidence by element was 2.3%. In addition, cranial injuries were found in 4.4% of complete adult crania. Projectile wounds were seen unambiguously in four individuals (with embedded obsidian fragments) and strongly suggested in two other individuals with partially healed lesions. Finally, one case of traumatic hip dislocation was also observed. In both incidence and patterning of injuries, this population is similar to other archeological groups from California. This evidence further supports earlier reports indicating that interpersonal aggression was quite common in prehistoric California. Am J Phys Anthropol 115:13–23, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.