bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mucinous adenocarcinoma derived from villous adenoma of the kidney with muconephrosis
Authors: Kawamoto Tsubasa , Ishida Masanori , Yorozu Takashi , Arizono Elly , Wakabayashi Yukari , Nagao Toshitaka , Ohno Yoshio , Saito Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageUpper respiratory tract villous adenoma (VA) with muconephrosis is rare and should be included in the differential diagnosis when pelvic dilatation with a solid component is detected. VA may transform into malignant mucinous adenocarcinoma, which should be suspected if contrast enhancement on computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and restricted diffusion on MRI are observed.
Large tumoral pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia with ER/PR stromal negativity in a 20‐year‐old female: A rare case report
Authors: Mansour Somar , Abdul Rahman Seif‐Aldin , Kazour Ali , Salama Ibrahim , Shmayes Hussain , Rajab Samer , Issa Rana 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessagePseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a rare lesion of the breast stromal tissue with unknown mechanism. Hormonal stimulation of mammary myofibroblasts is the most important theory due to stromal positivity of progesterone receptor (PR) or/and estrogen receptor (ER). We report a case of PASH with stromal PR/ER negativity.
Combined life‐threatening internal organ bleeding and postpartum hemorrhage associated with acquired hemophilia A
Authors: Kanitthamniyom Chanakarn , Siladech Pharit , Polpichai Natchaya , McCullough Maireigh , Saowapa Sakditad 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageAcquired hemophilia A (AHA) can present as life‐threatening bleeding during the postpartum period. Prompt treatment allows patients with AHA to achieve complete remission and have normal subsequent pregnancies.AbstractAcquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare bleeding disorder caused by the production of autoantibodies against factor VIII (FVIII). AHA can present with severe bleeding, especially in postpartum patient. We report a 38‐year‐old woman who presented in an emergency department with severe postpartum hemorrhage 2 weeks after cesarean section. Her investigation showed an isolated prolongation of partial thromboplastin time (PTT), low factor VIII assay and a factor VIII inhibitor test, resulting in abnormal Bethesda units which consistent with AHA. This case report highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of AHA. With timely and appropriate management, most patients can achieve a good outcome.
Brain herniation and subsequent complications following partial resection of high‐grade glioma: A case report
Authors: Hanif Sheheryar , Yousaf Irfan , Iqbal Maham , Kumari Usha , Surani Salim 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis case highlights the need for tailored strategies to address issues like brain herniation, subdural hygroma, and cerebrospinal fluid leak, which, if not managed promptly, can lead to long‐term neurological deficits. Additionally, the role of specialized facilities in delivering highly specialized care for managing such intricate cases cannot be understated.AbstractDecompressive craniectomy‐induced subdural hygroma (SDH) frequently coexists with external cerebral herniation, resulting in neurological impairments. The incidence of brain herniation through a craniectomy defect postoperatively is 25%. Brain herniation (BH), SDH, and cerebrospinal fluid leak require urgent neurosurgical management as they can lead to irreversible long‐term neurological deficits. We report a case of a 42‐year‐old male who presented with headache and grand mal seizures. He was diagnosed with herniation of brain parenchyma through the surgical defect with a displacement of the bone flap by a heterogeneously enhancing lesion in the left parietal lobe along with SDH in the left frontoparietal region post partial resection of high‐grade glioma. In this report, we discuss the pathogenesis and management strategies of brain herniation, wound infection, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, ipsilateral SDH, floating bone flap, and communicating hydrocephalus in an adult patient following partial resection of high‐grade glioma. This particular case emphasizes the value of an individualized patient‐centered surgical approach to minimize the risk of postoperative complications.
Understanding the correlation between energy‐state mismatching and open‐circuit voltage loss in bulk heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Yang Hyun‐Seock , Kim Danbi , Oh Chang‐Mok , Tamilavan Vellaiappillai , Hangoma Pesi M. , Yi Hojun , Lee Bo R. , Shin Insoo , Hwang In‐Wook , Park Sung Heum 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotoinduced intermolecular charge transfer (PICT) determines the voltage loss in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and this voltage loss can be minimized by inducing efficient PICT, which requires energy‐state matching between the donor and acceptor at the BHJ interfaces. Thus, both geometrically and energetically accessible delocalized state matching at the hot energy level is crucial for achieving efficient PICT. In this study, an effective method for quantifying the hot state matching of OPVs was developed. The degree of energy‐state matching between the electron donor and acceptor at BHJ interfaces was quantified using a mismatching factor (MF) calculated from the modified optical density of the BHJ. Furthermore, the correlation between the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of the OPV device and energy‐state matching at the BHJ interface was investigated using the calculated MF. The OPVs with small absolute MF values exhibited high Voc values. This result clearly indicates that the energy‐state matching between the donor and acceptor is crucial for achieving a high Voc in OPVs. Because the MF indicates the degree of energy‐state matching, which is a critical factor for suppressing energy loss, it can be used to estimate the Voc loss in OPVs.
Orbital Analysis Captures the Existence of a Mixed‐Valent CuIII−O−CuII Active‐Site and its Role in Water‐Assisted Aliphatic Hydroxylation
Authors: Arora Sumangla , Rawal Parveen , Gupta Puneet 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Cu−O−Cu core has been proposed as a potential site for methane oxidation in particulate methane monooxygenase. In this work, we used density functional theory (DFT) to design a mixed‐valent CuIII−O−CuII species from an experimentally known peroxo‐dicopper complex supported by N‐donor ligands containing phenolic groups. We found that the transfer of two‐protons and two‐electrons from phenolic groups to peroxo‐dicopper core takes place, which results to the formation of a bis‐μ‐hydroxo‐dicopper core. The bis‐μ‐hydroxo‐dicopper core converts to a mixed‐valent CuIII−O−CuII core with the removal of a water molecule. The orbital and spin density analyses unravel the mixed‐valent nature of CuIII−O−CuII. We further investigated the reactivity of this mixed‐valent core for aliphatic C−H hydroxylation. Our study unveiled that mixed‐valent CuIII−O−CuII core follows a hydrogen atom transfer mechanism for C−H activation. An in‐situ generated water molecule plays an important role in C−H hydroxylation by acting as a proton transfer bridge between carbon and oxygen. Furthermore, to assess the relevance of a mixed‐valent CuIII−O−CuII core, we investigated aliphatic C−H activation by a symmetrical CuII−O−CuII core. DFT results show that the mixed‐valent CuIII−O−CuII core is more reactive toward the C−H bond than the symmetrical CuII−O−CuII core.
Can trait matching inform the design of pollinator‐friendly urban green spaces? A review and synthesis of the literature
Authors: Adedoja Opeyemi A. , Mallinger Rachel E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLand use change is a major driver of pollinator decline and loss of pollination services. For plant and pollinator interactions to persist in rapidly changing urban systems, co‐occurring species must share matching traits, including phenological, morphological, and physiological traits. Thus, the knowledge of trait matching among interacting plants and pollinators can aid in the design of pollinator habitats and enhance the conservation value of urban green spaces, but this remains relatively understudied. Here, we review how trait matching facilitates the persistence of interactions and creation of new interactions in urban plant–pollinator networks. We highlight four major urban drivers facilitating the restructuring of plant–pollinator networks through species loss and gain in urban areas. We also show different pathways by which the matching of morphological, phenological, and physiological traits of interacting plants and pollinators is affected by urbanization. Furthermore, we show how the knowledge of functional traits can help to predict novel plant–pollinator interactions in urban environments, including those among exotic species. Finally, we show how the application of trait matching can aid management practices, facilitating the design and creation of sustainable green spaces that will accommodate functionally diverse pollinators and plants within the urban matrix.
Facile Synthesis of β‐Brominated Manganese Porphyrins and their Catalytic Potentials for Haloperoxidases‐Like Activity
Authors: Maurya Mannar R. , Prakash Ved , Avecilla Fernando , Sankar Muniappan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA novel and sustainable approach has been developed for the synthesis of β‐brominated Mn porphyrins, [MnIII(Br)(TPPBr4)] (2), [MnIII(Br)(TPPBr6)] (3) and [MnIV(Br)2(TPPBr8)] (4) by self catalytic haloperoxidase mimicking activity of [MnIII(Br)(TPP)] [bromo(meso‐tetraphenylporphyrinato)manganese(III)] (1) in aqueous medium under different mild and controlled reaction conditions. By precisely tweaking important parameters (e. g. H2O2, HClO4 and KBr), these polybrominated porphyrin complexes have been synthesized. This method is safer and applicable under milder reaction conditions than the conventional procedures for β‐bromination of porphyrins. These complexes were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques, including UV–Vis spectroscopy, elemental analysis, MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry, DFT calculations and single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Bromination of various phenol derivatives via haloperoxidase‐catalyzed reaction using these manganese complexes has been explored. Carrying out the catalytic reaction at room temperature in the presence of H2O2 as an oxidant and KBr as a brominating agent in a mild aqueous acidic condition results in good to excellent yield of the brominated product(s). Extra stability of 4 compared to other catalysts due to trans‐[Br−MnIV−Br] structure possibly prevents the interaction of Mn with oxidant which makes it less potential catalyst compared to 1, 2 and 3. Suitable catalytic reaction mechanism has been proposed for the bromination of substrates after identifying the reaction intermediates using mass spectrometry.
LC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS characterization of phenolic compounds in Australian native passion fruits and their potential antioxidant activities
Authors: Liu Haoyao , Agar Osman Tuncay , Imran Ali , Barrow Colin J. , Dunshea Frank R. , Suleria Hafiz A. R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPassion fruits, renowned globally for their polyphenolic content and associated health benefits, have enjoyed growing attention from consumers and producers alike. While global cultivar development progresses, Australia has pioneered several native cultivars tailored for its distinct planting conditions. Despite their cultivation, comprehensive studies on the phenolic profiles and antioxidant capacities of these Australian‐native passion fruits are notably lacking. This study aims to investigate and compare the polyphenolic content present in the by‐products, which are peel (L), and consumable portions, which are the pulp and seeds (P), of four indigenous cultivars: ‘Misty Gem’ (MG), ‘Flamengo’ (FG), ‘Sweetheart’ (SW), and ‘Panama’ (SH). Employing LC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS for profiling, a comprehensive list of polyphenols was curated. Additionally, various antioxidant assays—DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, RPA, FICA, and •OH‐RSA—were performed to evaluate their antioxidant potential. A total of 61 polyphenols were identified, categorized into phenolic acid (19), flavonoids (33), and other phenolic substances (9). In the antioxidant assays, the SHP sample exhibited the highest •OH−‐RSA activity at 98.64 ± 1.45 mg AAE/g, while the FGL sample demonstrated prominent DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS activities with values of 32.47 ± 1.92 mg TE/g, 62.50 ± 3.70 mg TE/g, and 57.84 ± 1.22 mg AAE/g, respectively. Additionally, TPC and several antioxidant assays had a significant positive correlation, including DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS. The Australian‐native passion fruits revealed distinct polyphenolic profiles and diverse antioxidant capacities, establishing a foundation for deeper health benefit analyses. This study accentuates the significance of understanding region‐specific cultivars and their potential nutraceutical applications.
Lactose Enhances Mineral Absorption in Infancy
Authors: Ziegler Ekhard E. , Fomon Samuel J. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryTo determine if lactose promotes the intestinal absorption of calcium and other minerals by infants, metabolic balance studies were performed with infants fed two formulas nearly identical in composition except for carbohydrate. One contained only lactose and the other contained sucrose and corn starch hydrolysate. Each of six normal infants had two balance studies performed with each formula in alternating sequence. When lactose was the carbohydrate, net absorption and net retention of calcium were significantly greater than when lactose was not present in the formula. Absorptions of magnesium and manganese were also significantly enhanced by lactose. Absorptions of copper and zinc were somewhat greater (not statistically significant) when lactose was present, whereas absorption of iron was not affected. Absorption of phosphorus was not different, but urinary excretion was less when the lactose‐containing formula was fed and, hence, net retention of phosphorus was significantly enhanced. These results confirm findings from animal studies and previous human studies and show that, in infants, lactose has a significant and sustained promoting effect on absorption of calcium and other minerals.
Gastric Emptying Times of Water in Infants and Children
Authors: Euler Arthur R. , Byrne William J. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThirty children without and 15 with gastroesophageal reflux had 1‐h gastric emptying rates of water determined by a double dilutional method. The rates were similar in each group at all time intervals. No correlation between age, weight, or surface area and emptying rates was found.
Copper Deficiency in Infants with Active Celiac Disease
Authors: Goyens Philippe , Brasseur Daniel , Cadranel Samy 
Published: January 2024

SummaryCeliac disease was diagnosed in two unrelated infants aged 7 and 7.5 months with severe malnutrition. They showed typical clinical, biological, and histological signs of the disease. Moreover, accompanying copper deficiency was suggested by severe hypocupremia and persistent neutropenia; bone radiographs were also compatible with this diagnosis. Rapid and complete correction of these anomalies could only be obtained after addition of oral copper sulfate to the gluten free diet. Mechanisms possibly involved in the development of copper deficiency in young infants with celiac disease are: (a) chronic malabsorption; (b) high copper needs in rapidly growing infants; and (c) possibly increased biliary and digestive losses. It is therefore suggested that young children with severe celiac disease should be monitored for their copper status.
Bethanechol for Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux
Authors: Orenstein S. R. , Lofton S. W. , Orenstein D. M. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryTo investigate the effect of bethanechol on postprandial gastroesophageal reflux in children, and the relationship between its effect on the lower esophageal sphincter pressure and its effect on reflux, we studied 31 consecutive children with pathologic reflux, using manometry and pH probe, both before and after administration of bethanechol. The initial sphincter pressure was subnormal in only 35% of the patients. The bethanechol‐treated sphincter pressure was increased in 97% of the patients (from 13.4 ± 1.3 to 34.1 ± 2.6 mm Hg) and was normal in 97% of the patients, yet bethanechol did not improve any measure of postprandial reflux in the patient group as a whole. Furthermore, the 20 patients with normal sphincter pressures had significant worsening of their percent of postprandial time with reflux (from 21.8 ± 5.3 to 33.8 ± 6.0%, p = 0.009). Thus, this study demonstrates a failure of the acute administration of bethanechol to improve postprandial gastroesophageal reflux and raises the issue of whether the widespread use of bethanechol to treat reflux in children is appropriate.
Chronic Intestinal Pseudo‐obstruction Syndrome in Pediatrics
Authors: Vargas Jorge H. , Sachs Paula , Ament Marvin E. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryA total of 87 cases of chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction were identified as fitting the criteria for the syndrome. Five families, three with autosomal dominant inheritance, accounted for 15 cases. The remainder were single cases in families, indicating either autosomal recessive inheritance, spontaneous mutation, or acquired disease. Of the 87 patients, 47 were male; 19 patients were symptomatic at birth and 37 (43%) within the first month of life; 64% were diagnosed by the first year of age and the remainder were diagnosed by 18 years of age. Patients currently range in age from 3 months to 24 years. Abdominal distension in 70, vomiting in 50, and constipation in 50 of the 87 cases were the three commonest presenting symptoms. Diarrhea and failure to thrive were present in 20 cases. Urinary tract infection and failure to void were present in 10 cases. Diagnosis was established by clinical presentation, radiographic studies. and at exploratory laparotomy. Esophageal motility was abnormal in 14 patients. Anal manometric studies were done in 16 and snowed normal recto‐anal inhibitory reflex in all but one. Only 34 patients had biopsy studies as part of their evaluation and, of these, only 12 were full‐thickness. Abnormal plexuses were found in eight and degeneration of smooth muscles in four. There was little or no benefit from the use of any medication to promote motility. One patient with intractable pseudo‐obstruction benefited from a subtotal enterectomy. Of those patients not lost to follow‐up, 31.4% died; 43% of these deaths occurred within the first 6 months from complications of total parenteral nutrition. One infant had a complete spontaneous remission by 1 year of age, with normalization of radiographic findings; another had partial remission by 6 months of age.
Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Cholecystocholangiography for Early Differentiation of Cholestatic Liver Disease in Infants
Authors: Treem William R. , Grant Edward E. , Barth Klemens H. , Kramers Peter W. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryDirect visualization of the extrahepatie biliary tree is difficult in infants and young children without resorting to an intraoperative cholangiogrum. Small size and lack of dilated intrahepatic ducts especially in infants with cholestatic jaundice often preclude using the techniques of percutaneous transhcpatic cholangiography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. We studied the feasibility of ultrasound‐guided percutaneous Cholecystocholangiography (US‐guided PCC) in differentiating extrahepatie from intrahepatic causes of cholestatic jaundice in four infants. Clinical, laboratory, radiographic, and histologic criteria had not conclusively excluded extrahepatie obstruction prior to the use of this technique. Four infants, between 4 and 10 weeks of age. were studied without complications. In one patient, biliary atresia was diagnosed at 4 weeks of age; in another, aspirated bile was cultured leading to a specific diagnosis of bacterial cholangitis; and, in two others, intrahepatic cholestasis was confirmed by the demonstrated patency of the extrahepatie biliary tree. In infants and young children in whom a gallbladder lumen can be seen, US‐guided PCC offers a potential rapid, nonoperative means of differentiating intrahepatic and extrahepatie causes of cholestatic jaundice, defining the anatomy of the extrahepatie biliary tree, and directly sampling gallbladder bile.
Food‐Induced Alterations of Intestinal Permeability in Children with Cow's Milk‐Sensitive Enteropathy and Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Dupont C. , Barau E. , Molkhou P. , Raynaud F. , Barbet J. P. , Dehennin L. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryIntestinal permeability was evaluated by measuring the excretion of two orally absorbed (0.1 g/kg of weight) nonmetabolizable markers, mannitol and lactulose. In 39 controls, the lactulose/mannitol urinary ratio (L/M ratio) was 2.45 ± 1.01% during fasting and remained stable after food ingestion. In 12 children with cow's milk‐sensitive enteropathy under an exclusion diet, the L/M ratio was comparable with that of controls during fasting and exhibited a threefold rise during a provocation intestinal permeability test (IPT) with milk. In 28 children with atopic dermatitis (AD), the fasting IPT L/M ratio was significantly higher than in controls (3.60 ± 3.31%). This rise was related to an increase of lactulose urinary clearance. A provocation IPT with food induced significant L/M ratio changes only in the group in which the food was proved to be responsible for the exacerbation of skin lesions. We concluded that in cow's milk‐sensitive enteropathy, an IPT allows a good evaluation of mucosal reactivity to milk, and in AD, permeability changes are present in at least some cases with cutaneous lesions clearly related to food ingestion.
Small Intestinal Myoelectric Activity in Healthy Neonatal Piglets
Authors: Szabo Joanne S. , Fewell James E. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryWe evaluated 17 healthy neonatal piglets to determine the effects of an increased hyperosmolal formula (HOF; 874 ± 30 mOsmol/kg, n = 9) and commercial pig milk formula (CF; 482 ± 35 mOsmol/kg, n = 8) on small intestinal myoelectric activity (SIMEA). Four bipolar electrodes were surgically implanted along the small intestine to evaluate myoelectrical parameters and patterns of SIMEA during fasting and postprandial periods. Durations of myoelectric phase activity and migrating motility complex periodicity were unaffected by both formulas. Differences in SIMEA were not significant when CF and HOF were compared. Following a single meal of increased HOF, piglets demonstrated a significant postprandial increase of phase 2 myoelectric activity in the duodenum through ileum (p < 0.05) and time‐dependent decrease of phase 3 activity in the duodenum (p < 0.05) and jejunum through terminal ileum (p < 0.01). Diminished phase 3 activity in the terminal ileum persisted throughout the 4‐h postprandial period (p < 0.01) and was related to fewer phase 3 episodes in this region (p < 0.05). This pattern of myoelectric activity has been associated with decreased intestinal propulsion and clearing of in‐traluminal contents. We conclude that a single meal of HOF does not result in significant intestinal motor dysfunction in healthy neonatal piglets. It remains to be determined whether postprandial reductions of phase 3 my oelectric activity that follow a hyperosmolal meal serve as a precursor to neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis when additional risk factors exist.