bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photodissociation cross sections and rates of NaO
Authors: Bai Tianrui , Yang Xinglin , Qin Zhi , Liu Linhua 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Photodissociation of NaO may be important for the sodium chemistry in various astrophysical regions. This work produces the photodissociation cross sections and rates of NaO over the temperature range from 0 to 15 000 K. First, the state-resolved cross sections for transitions from the ground and first excited states of NaO are investigated using ab initio potential energy curves and transition dipole moments. The temperature-dependent cross sections were then obtained by assuming a Boltzmann distribution to describe the population of the initial state. Detailed comparisons with experimental cross sections at 200 and 300 K reveal that the X 2Π → 1 2∆ and X 2Π → 2 2Σ− transitions may be the main photodissociation pathways for NaO in the wavelengths of about 2400–2580 Å, while the X 2Π → B 2Σ− transition may play a dominant role in the wavelengths of about 3534–4230 Å. Finally, photodissociation rates in the interstellar, solar, and blackbody radiation fields were determined. In the interstellar and solar radiation fields, the X 2Π → B 2Σ− transition dominates at low temperatures and the A 2Σ+ → 2 2Σ+ transition dominates at high temperatures. The total photodissociation rates in ultraviolet-rich and visible-rich radiation fields are almost insensitive to the temperature. The photodissociation cross sections and rates of NaO should be useful for investigating the chemical evolution of the sodium element in planetary exospheres, atmospheres of cool stars, and envelopes of evolved stars.
B/PS bulges and barlenses from a kinematic viewpoint – II
Authors: Zakharova Daria , Tikhonenko Iliya S , Sotnikova Natalia Ya , Smirnov Anton A 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Internal dynamics and kinematics of galaxies have imprints on the line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD). Gauss–Hermite parametrization allows one to identify the kinematics features of the system in terms of skewness (h3) and broadness (h4) deviations of an LOSVD. Such a method provides information about the type of orbits since a $h_3\!-\!\overline{V}$ correlation is a sign of elongated orbits, and the anticorrelation is a sign of circular or near-circular orbits. In previous works, analysis of the $h_3\!-\!\overline{V}$ relation provided a tool to identify a hidden bar or B/PS bulge (edge-on, PA = 90°) and to probe their strength. We prepared two N-body galaxy models with clear B/PS bulges: one has an ordinary bar (the X model), and the second one has a barlens embedded into a bar (the BL model) to investigate the mechanism of formation of h3 features at any position of an observer. We show that the $h_3\!-\!\overline{V}$ correlation appears in the regions where bar and disc particles are mixing. We also reveal that the model with a barlens has an $h_3\!-\!\overline{V}$ anticorrelation in the centre, and we show that barlens-specific orbits are responsible for this signal. Moreover, this feature can be observed only for galaxies with compact bulges and barlenses. The results of this work are applicable for the interpretation of future integral-field unit (IFU) data for real galaxies with B/PS bulges, especially for objects with barlenses.
Redefining the Evolutionary History of the Rock Dove, Columba livia, Using Whole Genome Sequences
Authors: Hernández-Alonso Germán , Ramos-Madrigal Jazmín , van Grouw Hein , Ciucani Marta Maria , Cavill Emily Louisa , Sinding Mikkel-Holger S , Gopalakrishnan Shyam , Pacheco George , Gilbert M Thomas P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The domestic pigeon's exceptional phenotypic diversity was key in developing Darwin's Theory of Evolution and establishing the concept of artificial selection. However, unlike its domestic counterpart, its wild progenitor, the rock dove Columba livia has received considerably less attention. Therefore, questions regarding its domestication, evolution, taxonomy, and conservation status remain unresolved. We generated whole-genome sequencing data from 65 historical rock doves that represent all currently recognized subspecies and span the species’ original geographic distribution. Our dataset includes 3 specimens from Darwin's collection, and the type specimens of 5 different taxa. We characterized their population structure, genomic diversity, and gene-flow patterns. Our results show the West African subspecies C. l. gymnocyclus is basal to rock doves and domestic pigeons, and suggests gene-flow between the rock dove's sister species C. rupestris, and the ancestor of rock doves after its split from West African populations. These genomes allowed us to propose a model for the evolution of the rock dove in light of the refugia theory. We propose that rock dove genetic diversity and introgression patterns derive from a history of allopatric cycles and dispersion waves during the Quaternary glacial and interglacial periods. To explore the rock dove domestication history, we combined our new dataset with available genomes from domestic pigeons. Our results point to at least 1 domestication event in the Levant that gave rise to all domestic breeds analysed in this study. Finally, we propose a species-level taxonomic arrangement to reflect the evolutionary history of the West African rock dove populations.
Human follicular fluid elicits select dose- and age-dependent effects on mouse oocytes and cumulus–oocyte complexes in a heterologous in vitro maturation assay
Authors: Dipali Shweta S , Suebthawinkul Chanakarn , Burdette Joanna E , Pavone Mary Ellen , Duncan Francesca E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Follicular fluid (FF) is a primary microenvironment of the oocyte within an antral follicle. Although several studies have defined the composition of human FF in normal physiology and determined how it is altered in disease states, the direct impacts of human FF on the oocyte are not well understood. The difficulty of obtaining suitable numbers of human oocytes for research makes addressing such a question challenging. Therefore, we used a heterologous model in which we cultured mouse oocytes in human FF. To determine whether FF has dose-dependent effects on gamete quality, we performed in vitro maturation of denuded oocytes from reproductively young mice (6–12 weeks) in 10%, 50%, or 100% FF from participants of mid-reproductive age (32–36 years). FF impacted meiotic competence in a dose-dependent manner, with concentrations &gt;10% inhibiting meiotic progression and resulting in spindle and chromosome alignment defects. We previously demonstrated that human FF acquires a fibro-inflammatory cytokine signature with age. Thus, to determine whether exposure to an aging FF microenvironment contributes to the age-dependent decrease in gamete quality, we matured denuded oocytes and cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) in FF from reproductively young (28–30 years) and old (40–42 years) participants. FF decreased meiotic progression of COCs, but not oocytes, from reproductively young and old (9–12 months) mice in an age-dependent manner. Moreover, FF had modest age-dependent impacts on mitochondrial aggregation in denuded oocytes and cumulus layer expansion dynamics in COCs, which may influence fertilization or early embryo development. Overall, these findings demonstrate that acute human FF exposure can impact select markers of mouse oocyte quality in both dose- and age-dependent manners.
Diagnostic standard: assessing glomerular filtration rate
Authors: Delanaye Pierre , Pottel Hans , Cavalier Etienne , Flamant Martin , Stehlé Thomas , Mariat Christophe 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is imprecise at individual level, due to non-GFR-related serum creatinine determinants, including atypical muscle mass. Cystatin C has the advantage of being independent of muscle mass, a feature that led to the development of race- and sex-free equations. Yet, cystatin C–based equations do not perform better than creatinine-based equations for estimating GFR unless both variables are included together. The new race-free Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation had slight opposite biases between Black and non-Black subjects in the USA, but has poorer performance than that the previous version in European populations. The European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) equation developed in 2021 can be used in both children and adults, is more accurate in young and old adults, and is applicable to non-white European populations, by rescaling the Q factor, i.e. population median creatinine, in a potentially universal way. A sex- and race-free cystatin C–based EKFC, with the same mathematical design, has also be defined. New developments in the field of GFR estimation would be standardization of cystatin C assays, development of creatinine-based eGFR equations that incorporate muscle mass data, implementation of new endogenous biomarkers and the use of artificial intelligence. Standardization of different GFR measurement methods would also be a future challenge, as well as new technologies for measuring GFR. Future research is also needed into discrepancies between cystatin C and creatinine, which is associated with high risk of adverse events: we need to standardize the definition of discrepancy and understand its determinants.
ANGI-02. CELL MIGRATION SIMULATOR-BASED BIOMARKERS FOR GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Hou Jay , McMahon Mariah , Jubenville Tyler , Chen Clark , Sarkaria Jann , Odde David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive malignant brain tumor with the poor survival due to its invasive nature driven by cell migration. There is still no effective treatment targeting glioma cell migration based on their transcriptomic information, due to the lack of understanding in the links to the fundamental mechanics of cell migration. In the previous studies, we developed a physics-based motor-clutch model, the cell migration simulator (CMS), to identify the basic mechanisms of cell migration in various cell types. In this study, we found that glioblastoma patient-derived (xenograft) (PD(X)) cell lines across mesenchymal (MES), proneural (PN), classical (CL) subtypes and two institutions (N = 13 patients) had optimal motility and traction force on stiffnesses around 9.3kPa, with otherwise heterogeneous and uncorrelated motility, traction, and F-actin flow. We applied the CMS as a consistent framework to describe the physical parameters of glioblastoma patient cell migration. Using single cell migration and force generation data on compliant 2D surfaces, we found all glioma PD(X) lines (11 patients) had balanced myosin/adhesion ratios resulting in effective migration. Mesenchymal (MES) lines had enhanced F-actin polymerization resulting in higher motility. Adherent PDX lines had increased myosin-adhesion amount resulting in higher traction force. The CMS also predicted the differential cell migration under cytoskeletal drugs between glioma subtypes. Finally, we found 18 genes in actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion pathways significantly correlated with the glioma physical parameters, which were being used to estimate the physical parameters of a larger cohort (66 patients) and to strategize targeting their cell migration. Overall, we described a consistent physics-based framework for parameterizing individual glioblastoma patients, connecting to clinical transcriptomic data, and predicting drug effects, that can potentially be used to develop subtype and patient-specific anti-migratory therapeutic strategies.
ANGI-03. NOVEL ROLE OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL AQUAPORIN-1 IN GLIOBLASTOMA VASCULAR PERMEABILITY AND TUMOR-ASSOCIATED EDEMA
Authors: Cleveland Abigail , Huang Menggui , Fan Yi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Glioblastomas are the most common malignant brain tumors in adults, with a median survival of only 12-15 months. Glioblastomas are marked by an aberrant, leaky vasculature that promotes a hypoxic, immunosuppressive microenvironment. This aberrant vascularity not only affects treatment sensitivity but the integrity of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Disruption of the BBB can lead to increased flow of water into intercellular spaces, causing vasogenic edema. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema in glioblastoma patients is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Severity of edema not only correlates with patient survival, but causes numerous harmful side effects, such as aphasia, cognitive decline, and acute herniation syndrome. Currently, the mainstay of treatment for brain tumor edema is glucocorticosteroids, such as dexamethasone. However, this treatment causes immune suppression and severe long-term adverse effects. To determine the potential role of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in edema formation, we performed single cell RNAseq on a genetically engineered glioblastoma mouse model, which recapitulates the edema seen in human patients. We found that ECs from glioblastomas and normal brain tissue had distinct expression patterns, with selective expression of a water channel protein called Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in glioblastoma ECs. In addition, siRNA-mediated AQP1 knockdown decreased GBM EC monolayer permeability. Inhibiting the water channel function of AQP1 alone through Bacopaside II treatment, however, did not alter EC monolayer permeability. Several tight junctions are downregulated in GBM ECs compared to normal brain ECs, and knocking down AQP1 via siRNA restored expression of the tight junction protein Claudin-5. These data suggest that AQP1 induces brain tumor edema by inhibiting tight junction protein expression via its non-water-channel function and that targeting AQP1 in glioblastoma ECs would be a novel therapeutic strategy to improve the BBB and decrease edema levels in vivo.
ANGI-08. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF MECHANISM OF GLIOBLASTOMA INVASION USING PATIENT DERIVED XENOGRAFT MODELS
Authors: Kijima Noriyuki , Tachi Tetsuro , Kuroda Hideki , Murakami Koki , Hirayama Ryuichi , Okita Yoshiko , Kagawa Naoki , Kishima Haruhiko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) has a poor prognosis despite intensive treatments such as surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy, thus new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to improve the outcome. In addition, invasive nature of glioblastoma is one of the reasons for treatment failure, thus regulating glioblastoma invasion is essential to improve the outcome of GBM patients. To develop new treatment strategies, patient derived xenografts (PDXs) are essential tools for preclinical and translational research for glioblastoma because PDXs recapitulated histological features of original patients’ tumors such as invasion. In this study, we aim to comprehensively analyze the mechanism of glioblastoma invasion using PDXs. We have injected GFP-tagged glioblastoma PDXs lines into the right cerebrum of immunodeficient mice and dissected the right and left cerebrum separately when the mice got tumors. We dissociated the brain, sorted tumor cells by flow cytometry, and extracted RNA from tumor cells in right and left cerebrum, respectively. We performed RNA sequencing and analyzed the transcriptome differences between tumor cells from right cerebrum and left cerebrum. We found significant differences in expression of extracellular matrix related proteins, cell motility related proteins, and cell adhesion related proteins between these two. These findings suggest that PDXs will be of use for comprehensively investigating the mechanism of glioblastoma invasion and extracellular matrix related proteins, cell motility related proteins, and cell adhesion related proteins have significant roles of glioblastoma invasion.
ANGI-10. METRONOMIC 5 DRUG ANTI-ANGIOGENESIS THERAPY FOR RECURRENT EPENDYMOMA
Authors: Olsen Braden , Maher Ossama , Niazi Toba , Ragheb John , Khatib Ziad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Low dose continuous (metronomic) anti-angiogenesis therapy is a treatment regimen currently under investigation for chemo-refractory tumors to target tumor vasculature. This effect has been shown to improve survival in primary brain tumors such as medulloblastoma. The Dana Farber Antiangiogenic Chemotherapy Phase II Trial and MEMMAT trial are investigations into outcomes of metronomic anti-angiogenesis therapy for children with recurrent ependymoma, among other primary brain tumors. We retrospectively report 9 pediatric patients diagnosed between the ages of 1 and 8 with surgery and radiation refractory posterior fossa ependymoma that were treated with 5 drug metronomic anti-angiogenesis therapy including celecoxib, thalidomide, fenofibrate, and alternating low dose etoposide and cyclophosphamide. For one patient, we added bevacizumab every other week. 7 patients had anaplastic presentation of ependymoma. All patients either had gross total resection or multiple subtotal resections. Tumor markers include GFAP, S100, EMA, OLIG 2, CD99, and Ki-67. Side effects were primarily hematologic but also included muscle pain, constipation, and dizziness, however treatment was tolerated well overall. The primary reason for stopping treatment early was progression of disease, no patients stopped therapy for side effects. There was no change in response to therapy based on tumor markers found. 2-year survival was 78% and 2-year progression free survival was 56%. 3/9 patients have no recurrent disease, two of these patients had anaplastic ependymoma and 1 presented with metastatic disease to the spine. We show improved outcomes with a minimal side effect profile for metronomic anti-angiogenesis therapy in pediatric patients with recurrent ependymoma refractory to surgical and radiation therapy.
BIOM-01. PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS OF SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER (SCLC) TRANSCRIPTIONAL SUBTYPING FOR CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) METASTASES
Authors: Skakodub Anna , Tringale Kathryn , Egger Jacklynn , Eichholz Jordan , Yu Yao , Gomez Daniel , Rimner Andreas , Li Bob , Yamada Yoshiya , Wilcox Jessica , Moss Nelson , Imber Brandon , Rekhtman Natasha , Baine Marina , Rudin Charles , Pike Luke 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by a high propensity for brain metastases (BM) and is associated with a poor prognosis. Subtypes characterized by high versus low neuroendocrine states (expressing ASCL1 or NEUROD1) have been identified. This study aims to evaluate the influence of transcription factor-defined SCLC subtypes on the incidence and outcomes of BM.

METHODS
We identified 164 patients with SCLC based on their ASCL1 and NEUROD1 expression status by immunohistochemistry. Four transcriptional subtypes were defined: ASCL1+/NEUROD1- (A+/N-), ASCL1+/NEUROD1+ (A+/N+), ASCL1-/NEUROD1+ (A-/N+), and ASCL1-/NEUROD1- (A-/N-). Cumulative incidence competing risk analyses examined the incidence of central nervous system (CNS) progression. Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to assess both overall survival (OS) and CNS progression-free survival (CNS-PFS).

RESULTS
Out of 164 patients, the majority fell into either A+/N- or A+/N+ subtypes (n = 62, n = 63, respectively). BM were detected at the time of diagnosis in 12% (20/164) of patients, while 18% (29/164) developed BM later. In two distinct cohorts of patients (initially free from BM and with de novo BM at diagnosis), the 12-month cumulative incidence of CNS progression was numerically highest for the A+/N- subtype (HR = 11.8, 95%CI: 4.7-22.4, and HR = 44, 95%CI: 10.5-74.7, respectively). OS in both A+/N- and A-/N+ subtypes was worse compared to the A+/N+ subtype (HR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.03-2.56, and HR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.06-2.60, respectively). Similarly, CNS-PFS was poorer in same A+/N- and A-/N+ subtypes (HR = 3.10, 95%CI: 1.39-6.93, and HR = 3.38. 95% CI: 1.49-7.67) when compared to A+/N+.

CONCLUSIONS
This study is the first to explore CNS-specific outcomes based on transcription factor SCLC subtypes. Among patients without BM at SCLC diagnosis, those exclusively expressing ASCL1 or NEUROD1 demonstrated poorer outcomes than those with co-expression. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the implications of SCLC subtyping, ultimately facilitating tailored disease management.
BIOM-17. WHOLE GAIN OF CHROMOSOME 19, NOT CO-GAIN OF CHROMOSOMES 19 AND 20, IS A FAVORABLE PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKER IN IDH-WILDTYPE GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Nuechterlein Nicholas , Cimino Patrick , Holland Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
IDH-wildtype glioblastoma carries an abysmal prognosis, but long-term survivors exist. Previous studies have suggested that co-gain of chromosomes 19 and 20 (+19/+20) is a favorable prognostic marker. We sought to validate this claim and investigate whether gain of chromosome 19 (+19) is a superior prognostic indicator.

METHODS
We collected somatic copy number alteration data for primary glioblastoma tumors from TCGA (N = 356) and paired primary (N = 169) and recurrent (N = 167) glioblastoma tumors from GLASS. We assessed the frequency of these events and conducted survival analyses with univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models to examine the association between +19/+20 and +19 and patient outcomes.

RESULTS
Among primary glioblastomas, the frequency of +19/+20 (20.8% vs. 23.7%) and +19 (34.6% vs. 36.7%) did not differ between TCGA and GLASS. However, the presence of +19/+20 was significantly reduced in GLASS recurrent tumors compared to primary tumors (14.3%, p = 0.04), while +19 without +19/+20 was unchanged (13.8%), indicating that +19/+20 is selected against in recurrent glioblastoma. Tumors harboring +19/+20 did not exhibit improved overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) in TCGA (p = 0.21 and p = 0.14, respectively), nor did they demonstrate improved OS in GLASS (p = 0.32). Conversely, tumors with +19 showed significantly better OS and PFS in TCGA (HR = 1.4, p&lt; 0.01; HR = 1.5, p&lt; 0.01, respectively) and improved OS in GLASS (HR = 1.6, p&lt; 0.01). In multivariate survival analyses, +19 remained a prognostic factor independent of +19/+20, patient sex, age, MGMT promoter methylation status, and KPS in TCGA (p&lt; 0.05) and +19/+20 and age in GLASS (p = 0.01).

CONCLUSION
Although previous studies have suggested that +19/+20 is a positive prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma, our findings indicate that this assertion should be reevaluated. Our results demonstrate that +19 is associated with favorable outcomes in the TCGA and GLASS datasets, whereas +19/+20, while possibly selected against in recurrent glioblastomas, is not.