bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traditional Chinese medicines treat ischemic stroke and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms
Authors: Fan Genhao , Liu Menglin , Liu Jia , Huang Yuhong , Mu Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIschemic stroke (IS) remains one of the leading causes of death and disability in humans. Unfortunately, none of the treatments effectively provide functional benefits to patients with IS, although many do so by targeting different aspects of the ischemic cascade response. The advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in preventing and treating IS are obvious in terms of early treatment and global coordination. The efficacy of TCM and its bioactive constituents has been scientifically proven over the past decades. Based on clinical trials, this article provides a review of commonly used TCM patent medicines and herbal decoctions indicated for IS. In addition, this paper also reviews the mechanisms of bioactive constituents in TCM for the treatment of IS in recent years, both domestically and internationally. A comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical studies will hopefully provide new ideas to address the threat of IS.
Random graphs embeddable in order‐dependent surfaces
Authors: McDiarmid Colin , Saller Sophia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGiven a ‘genus function’ , we let be the class of all graphs such that if has order (i.e., has vertices) then it is embeddable in a surface of Euler genus at most . Let the random graph be sampled uniformly from the graphs in on vertex set . Observe that if is 0 then is a random planar graph, and if is sufficiently large then is a binomial random graph . We investigate typical properties of . We find that for every genus function , with high probability at most one component of is non‐planar. In contrast, we find a transition for example for connectivity: if is and is non‐decreasing then , and if then with high probability is connected. These results also hold when we consider orientable and non‐orientable surfaces separately. We also investigate random graphs sampled uniformly from the ‘hereditary part’ or the ‘minor‐closed part’ of , and briefly consider corresponding results for unlabelled graphs.
Surfactant‐Mediated Crystalline Structure Evolution Enabling the Ultrafast Green Synthesis of Bismuth‐MOF in Aqueous Condition
Authors: Yang Haowei , Zhao Yu , Guo Yi , Wu Bing , Ying Yulong , Sofer Zdenek , Wang Sheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGreen synthesis of stable metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with permanent and highly ordered porosity at room temperature without needing toxic and harmful solvents and long‐term high‐temperature reactions is crucial for sustainable production. Herein, a rapid and environmentally friendly synthesis strategy is reported to synthesize the complex topological bismuth‐based‐MOFs (Bi‐MOFs), [Bi9(C9H3O6)9(H2O)9] (denoted CAU‐17), in water under ambient conditions by surfactant‐mediated sonochemical approach, which could also be applicable to other MOFs. This strategy explores using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) amphiphilic molecules as structure‐inducing agents to control the removal of non‐coordinated water (dehydration) and enhance the degree of deprotonation of the ligands, thereby regulating the coordination and crystallization in aqueous solutions. In addition, another two new strategies for synthesizing CAU‐17 by crystal reconstruction and one‐step synthesis in binary solvents are provided, and the solvent‐induced synthesis mechanism of CAU‐17 is studied. The as‐prepared CAU‐17 presents a competitive iodine capture capability and effective delivery of the antiarrhythmic drug procainamide (PA) for enteropatia due to the broad pH tolerance and the unique phosphate‐responsive destruction in the intestine. The findings will provide valuable ideas for the follow‐up study of surfactant‐assisted aqueous synthesis of MOFs and their potential applications.
bis‐Silyl‐triazenide ligands in alkaline‐earth metal chemistry
Authors: Knüpfer Christian , Langer Jens , Harder Sjoerd 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMonoanionic N,N‐chelating triazenide ligands, [R‐NNN‐R]−, are compared to formamidinate or β‐diketiminate ligands considerably less electron‐donating and therefore potentially suitable for stabilizing electron rich metals in low oxidations states. A feature reported for silyl‐substituted triazenide ligands, is their ability to eliminate N2 resulting in (R3Si)2N− anions. Here we describe a series of group 1 and 2 metal complexes with the very bulky bis‐silyl‐triazenide ligand [tBu3Si‐NNN‐SitBu3]−. Heteroleptic complexes could be isolated for Mg: {[(tBu3Si)2N3]MgnBu}2 or {[(tBu3Si)2N3]MgI}2, including its ether adducts. Despite bulky silyl substituents, the ligand did not stabilize heteroleptic [(tBu3Si)2N3]AeN(SiMe3)2 complexes for Ca, Sr and Ba and only homoleptic Ae[(tBu3Si)2N3]2 complexes were isolated. Thermal decomposition of these complexes did result in N2 elimination and formation of the expected amide complexes. Reduction of [(tBu3Si)2N3]MgI ⋅ (Et2O) with KC8 in Et2O led to the formation of a MgI complex with a Mg−Mg bond length of 2.902(1) Å. As only one of the Mg centres shows coordination with a Et2O ligand, this is a rare example of an asymmetric Mg−Mg bond. This MgI complex is rather unstable in benzene solution, likely due to reduction of the ligand system. Triazenide ligands are therefore not suitable for stabilization of group 2 metals in low oxidation states.
Management von Kardiomyopathien
Authors: Pavo Noemi , Hengstenberg Christian 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Gruppe der Kardiomyopathien hat in den letzten Jahren verstärkt Aufmerksamkeit erhalten, nachdem einige ihrer Ursachen identifiziert und sie mithilfe moderner Bildgebungsmethoden genauer charakterisiert werden konnten. Regelmäßig wurden von nationalen und internationalen Fachgesellschaften neue Definitionen und Klassifikationsschemata bereitgestellt. Die neue Leitlinie der European Society of Cardiology (ESC) von 2023 zum Management der Kardiomyopathien ist nun international die erste Guideline, die umfassend alle Kardiomyopathien in einem Dokument behandelt. Es handelt sich um eine neue Leitlinie, sodass die meisten Empfehlungen ebenso neu sind. Eine Ausnahme bildet der Abschnitt zur hypertrophen Kardiomyopathie (HCM), bei dem es sich um eine Aktualisierung der ESC-Leitlinie von 2014 zur Diagnose und Behandlung der HCM handelt. Das Hauptziel dieser Leitlinie besteht darin, einen klaren Leitfaden für die Diagnose von Kardiomyopathien bereitzustellen, allgemeine Bewertungs- und Managementprobleme zu betonen und den Leser auf die relevante wissenschaftliche Evidenzbasis für die Empfehlungen hinzuweisen. Aufgrund des Umfangs können keine detaillierten Beschreibungen und Empfehlungen für jede spezifische Kardiomyopathie bereitgestellt werden, jedoch wird auf die entsprechende Literatur verwiesen.
Survey in radiation oncology departments in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland: state of digitalization by 2023
Authors: Janssen Stefan , El Shafie Rami A. , Grohmann Maximilian , Knippen Stefan , Putora Paul M. , Beck Marcus , Baehr Andrea , Clemens Patrick , Stefanowicz Sarah , Rades Dirk , Becker Jan-Niklas , Fahlbusch Fabian B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this work was to assess the current state of digitalization in radiation oncology departments in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.

Methods
A comprehensive survey was conducted in a digital format, consisting of 53 questions that covered various aspects of digitalization including patient workflow, departmental organization, radiotherapy planning, and employee-related aspects.

Results
Overall, 120 forms were eligible for evaluation. Participants were mainly physicians or medical physicists responsible for digitalization aspects in their departments. Nearly 70% of the institutions used electronic patient records, with 50% being completely paperless. However, the use of smartphone apps for electronic patient reported outcomes (ePROMs) and digital health applications (DIGA) was limited (9% and 4.9%, respectively). In total, 70.8% of the radio-oncology departments had interfaces with diagnostic departments, and 36% had digital interchanges with other clinics. Communication with external partners was realized mainly through fax (72%), e‑mails (55%), postal letters (63%), or other digital exchange formats (28%). Almost half of the institutions (49%) had dedicated IT staff for their operations.

Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this survey is the first of its kind conducted in German-speaking radiation oncology departments within the medical field. The findings suggest that there is a varied level of digitalization implementation within these departments, with certain areas exhibiting lower rates of digitalization that could benefit from targeted improvement initiatives.
Interdisziplinäre ultraschallgesteuerte minimal-invasive Autopsie bei COVID-19-Verstorbenen auf der Intensivstation einer Universitätsklinik
Authors: Lahmer T. , Stock K. , Rasch S. , Porubsky S. , Jeske S. , Schustetter C. , Protzer U. , Heemann U. , Schmid R. , Weichert W. , Weirich G. , Slotta-Huspenina J. 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungIn dieser Machbarkeitsstudie führten wir in einem interdisziplinären Team standardisierte ultraschallgesteuerte minimal-invasive Autopsien (US-MIA) unmittelbar am Krankenbett von COVID-19-Verstorbenen auf der Intensivstation des Klinikums Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München (TUM) durch. Die Studie hatte zum Ziel, Machbarkeit, zeitliche Effizienz und infektionshygienische Aspekte des Verfahrens sowie die Qualität der Gewebeproben zu überprüfen. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die bettseitige US-MIA geeignet ist, Gewebeproben vor Einsetzen der postmortalen Autolyse zu gewinnen, und dass sie zudem schnell und sicher durchgeführt werden kann. Das bisher wenig beachtete Potenzial der US-MIA verdient besondere Aufmerksamkeit im Kontext der postmortalen Diagnostik, Forschung und Qualitätssicherung. In Zukunft könnten diese Stärken der US-MIA dazu beitragen, die postmortale Diagnostik in die Moderne der pathologischen Tiefenanalytik („Omics“) zu führen.
Upper and lower limb tremor in Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy type 1A and the implications for standing balance
Authors: Silsby Matthew , Yiannikas Con , Fois Alessandro F. , Kennerson Marina L. , Kiernan Matthew C. , Fung Victor S. C. , Vucic Steve 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Neuropathic tremor occurs in Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy type 1A (CMT1A; hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, HMSN), although the pathophysiological mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Separately, lower limb tremor has not been explored in CMT1A and could be associated with imbalance as in other neuropathies. The present study aimed to determine tremor characteristics in the upper and lower limbs in CMT1A and relate these findings to clinical disability, particularly imbalance.

Methods
Tremor and posturography studies were undertaken in phenotyped and genotyped CMT1A patients. Participants underwent detailed clinical assessment, tremor study recordings, and nerve conduction studies. Tremor stability index was calculated for upper limb tremor and compared to essential tremor.

Results
Seventeen patients were enrolled. Postural and kinetic upper limb tremors were evident in 65%, while postural and orthostatic lower limb tremors were seen in 35% of CMT1A patients. Peak upper limb frequencies were lower distally (~ 6 Hz) and higher proximally (~ 9 Hz), were unchanged by weight-loading, and not impacted by fatigue. The tremor stability index was significantly higher in CMT1A than in essential tremor. A 5–6 Hz lower limb tremor was recorded which did not vary along the limb and was unaffected by fatigue. Balance was impaired in patients with postural lower limb tremor. A high frequency peak on posturography was associated with ‘good’ balance.

Conclusions
Tremor is a common clinical feature in CMT1A, distinct from essential tremor, mediated by a complex interaction between peripheral and central mechanisms. Postural lower limb tremor is associated with imbalance; strategies aimed at tremor modulation could be of therapeutic utility.
Absolutely continuous and BV-curves in 1-Wasserstein spaces
Authors: Abedi Ehsan , Li Zhenhao , Schultz Timo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe extend the result of Lisini (Calc Var Partial Differ Equ 28:85–120, 2007) on the superposition principle for absolutely continuous curves in p-Wasserstein spaces to the special case of $$p=1$$

p
=
1

. In contrast to the case of $$p>1$$

p
>
1

, it is not always possible to have lifts on absolutely continuous curves. Therefore, one needs to relax the notion of a lift by considering curves of bounded variation, or shortly BV-curves, and replace the metric speed by the total variation measure. We prove that any BV-curve in a 1-Wasserstein space can be represented by a probability measure on the space of BV-curves which encodes the total variation measure of the Wasserstein curve. In particular, when the curve is absolutely continuous, the result gives a lift concentrated on BV-curves which also characterizes the metric speed. The main theorem is then applied for the characterization of geodesics and the study of the continuity equation in a discrete setting.
Usefulness of preoperative ice cream consumption and novel postoperative drainage management in patients undergoing left-sided neck dissection for thyroid cancer: a nonrandomized prospective study
Authors: Mori Yusuke , Yamashita Hiroyuki , Sato Shinya , Shindo Hisakazu , Tachibana Seigo , Fukuda Takashi , Okamura Misa , Yamaoka Atushi , Takahashi Hiroshi , Yoshimoto Koichi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated the effects of ice cream consumption on chyle leakage after left lateral neck dissection in patients with thyroid cancer.

Methods
A total of 491 patients with thyroid cancer underwent left lateral neck dissection with identification of the thoracic duct following ice cream consumption. Before closing the wound, the anesthesiologist increased the intrathoracic pressure to observe chyle leakage. If chyle leakage occurred postoperatively, the drain was removed using the drain negative pressure release test.

Results
Postoperative chyle leakage was observed in 18 of the 491 patients who underwent left lateral neck dissection. We treated 17 patients conservatively and 1 patient surgically. Drains were removed within five days in all patients. After the drain negative pressure release test had been performed in eight patients, the drainage volume significantly decreased from an average of 175 ml to 31 ml per day. The average number of days until the removal of the drainage tube was 3.2 days. No perioperative complications were associated with ice cream consumption.

Conclusions
In left lateral neck dissection for thyroid cancer, performing surgery following ice cream consumption does not completely prevent chyle leakage; however, early drain removal is possible because there is only mild leakage.
Assessing the utility of text-to-SQL approaches for satisfying software developer information needs
Authors: Tomova Mihaela , Hofmann Martin , Hütterer Constantin , Mäder Patrick 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSoftware analytics integrated with complex databases can deliver project intelligence into the hands of software engineering (SE) experts for satisfying their information needs. A new and promising machine learning technique known as text-to-SQL automatically extracts information for users of complex databases without the need to fully understand the database structure nor the accompanying query language. Users pose their request as so-called natural language utterance, i.e., question. Our goal was evaluating the performance and applicability of text-to-SQL approaches on data derived from tools typically used in the workflow of software engineers for satisfying their information needs. We carefully selected and discussed five seminal as well as state-of-the-art text-to-SQL approaches and conducted a comparative assessment using the large-scale, cross-domain Spider dataset and the SE domain-specific SEOSS-Queries dataset. Furthermore, we study via a survey how SE professionals perform in satisfying their information needs and how they perceive text-to-SQL approaches. For the best performing approach, we observe a high accuracy of 94% in query prediction when training specifically on SE data. This accuracy is almost independent of the query’s complexity. At the same time, we observe that SE professionals have substantial deficits in satisfying their information needs directly via SQL queries. Furthermore, SE professionals are open for utilizing text-to-SQL approaches in their daily work, considering them less time-consuming and helpful. We conclude that state-of-the-art text-to-SQL approaches are applicable in SE practice for day-to-day information needs.
VAT pass-through: the case of a large and permanent reduction in the market for menstrual hygiene products
Authors: Frey Alisa , Haucap Justus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the price effects of a VAT (value-added tax) reduction for menstrual hygiene products in Germany. Several aspects make this VAT reduction particularly interesting: the reduction is exogenous to economic conditions, the reduction was substantial and permanent, and demand can be assumed to be inelastic. We find that the VAT reduction was completely passed through to consumers. In fact, pass-through rates of significantly more than 100% can be observed. We find that the excess pass-through occurred in relatively competitive market segments, and that it is almost fully explained by retailers rounding down prices after the reduction.
Association Between Body Image Before and During Pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain in Japanese Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shiraishi Mie , Kurashima Yuki , Harada Rio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives
More than half of women do not achieve appropriate gestational weight gain. Maternal body image may be an important factor associated with gestational weight gain. However, this association has not been thoroughly evaluated. We aimed to elucidate whether body image parameters before and during pregnancy are associated with gestational weight gain in Japanese women.

Methods
This prospective cohort study was conducted at a hospital in Osaka, Japan from March 2020 to March 2021. We recruited women with singleton pregnancies in their second and third trimesters. Body image was assessed using the Pregnancy and Weight Gain Attitude Scale and additional questions. Gestational weight gain was classified as insufficient, appropriate, or excessive based on recommended ranges in Japan. One-way analysis of variance, chi-square tests, and multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with insufficient or excessive weight gain.

Results
Of 266 enrolled women, 47 had insufficient weight gain and 100 had excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Risk factors for excessive gestational weight gain included a history of dietary restriction before pregnancy, negative attitudes toward gestational weight gain, and perception of body shape as fat and body shape dissatisfaction during pregnancy. Perception of body shape as thin during pregnancy was identified as a risk factor for insufficient gestational weight gain.

Conclusions
Body image before and during pregnancy may be an important factor in preventing insufficient or excessive gestational weight gain in Japanese women. Healthcare professionals should consider body image when providing health guidance on weight management to pregnant women.
Derived Electron Densities from Linear Polarization Observations of the Visible-Light Corona During the 14 December 2020 Total Solar Eclipse
Authors: Edwards Liam , Bunting Kaine A. , Ramsey Brad , Gunn Matthew , Fearn Tomos , Knight Thomas , Muro Gabriel Domingo , Morgan Huw 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA new instrument was designed to take visible-light (VL) polarized brightness ($\mathit{pB}$
pB
) observations of the solar corona during the 14 December 2020 total solar eclipse. The instrument, called the Coronal Imaging Polarizer (CIP), consisted of a 16 MP CMOS detector, a linear polarizer housed within a piezoelectric rotation mount, and an f-5.6, 200 mm DSLR lens. Observations were successfully obtained, despite poor weather conditions, for five different exposure times (0.001 s, 0.01 s, 0.1 s, 1 s, and 3 s) at six different orientation angles of the linear polarizer ($0^{\circ}$

0
∘

, $30^{\circ}$

30
∘

, $60^{\circ}$

60
∘

, $90^{\circ}$

90
∘

, $120^{\circ}$

120
∘

, and $150^{\circ}$

150
∘

). The images were manually aligned using the drift of background stars in the sky and images of different exposure times were combined using a simple signal-to-noise ratio cut. The polarization and brightness of the local sky were also estimated and the observations were subsequently corrected. The $\mathit{pB}$
pB
of the K-corona was determined using least-squares fitting and radiometric calibration was done relative to the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory (MLSO) K-Cor $\mathit{pB}$
pB
observations from the day of the eclipse. The $\mathit{pB}$
pB
data was then inverted to acquire the coronal electron density, $n_{e}$

n
e

, for an equatorial streamer and a polar coronal hole, which agreed very well with previous studies. The effect of changing the number of polarizer angles used to compute the $\mathit{pB}$
pB
is also discussed and it is found that the results vary by up to $\approx 13\%$
≈
13
%
when using all six polarizer angles versus only a select of three angles.
Anaemia in South American camelids – an overview of clinical and laboratory diagnostics
Authors: Wagener Matthias Gerhard , Marahrens Hannah , Ganter Martin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSouth American camelids (SACs) play an increasing role in veterinary care in Europe. Many alpacas or llamas presented to veterinarians suffer from anaemia, regularly with a packed cell volume (PCV) below 0.10 l/l, which is a life-threatening condition for the animals. This review article presents clinical and laboratory diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of anaemia in SACs. Clinical identification of anaemic animals can be performed by assessing the FAMACHA© score and the Body Condition Score (BCS), since anaemia in alpacas and llamas correlates with pale mucous membranes and a lowered BCS. Haematological examination of a blood sample can provide a more differentiated diagnosis of anaemia in SACs. A common finding is regenerative anaemia with an increased number of reticulocytes that is often caused by blood loss due toHaemonchus contortus. Changes in a blood smear from an alpaca or llama with regenerative anaemia may include normoblasts (nucleated red blood cells), anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, polychromasia, Howell-Jolly bodies or basophilic stippling. Furthermore, non-regenerative anaemia, often caused by trace element deficiency or cachexia, can also occur.