bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Axially Chiral Organic Semiconductors for Visible‐Blind UV‐Selective Circularly Polarized Light Detection
Authors: Kwon Yejin , Jung Je‐Yeon , Lee Won Bo , Oh Joon Hak 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTechnologies that detect circularly polarized light (CPL), particularly in the UV region, have significant potential for various applications, including bioimaging and optical communication. However, a major challenge in directly sensing CPL arises from the conflicting requirements of planar structures for efficient charge transport and distorted structures for effective interaction with CPL. Here, a novel design of an axially chiral n‐type organic semiconductor is presented to surmount the challenge, in which a binaphthyl group results in a high dissymmetry factor at the molecular level, while maintaining excellent electron‐transporting characteristics through the naphthalene diimide group. Experimental and computational methods reveal different stacking behaviors in homochiral and heterochiral assemblies, yielding different structures: Nanowires and nanoparticles, respectively. Especially, the homochiral assemblies exhibit effective π–π stacking between naphthalene diimides despite axial chirality. Thus, phototransistors fabricated using enantiomers exhibit a high maximum electron mobility of 0.22 cm2 V−1 s−1 and a detectivity of 3.9 × 1012 Jones, alongside the CPL distinguishing ability with a dissymmetry factor of responsivity of 0.05. Furthermore, the material possesses a wide bandgap, contributing to its excellent visible‐blind UV‐selective detection. These findings highlight the new strategy for compact CPL detectors, coupled with the demonstration of less‐explored n‐type and UV region phototransistors.
Identification of Potent siRNA Delivery Peptides Using Computer Modeling
Authors: Men Ke , Liu Mohan , Zhang Xueyan , Yang Yuling , Zhang Rui , Wang Yusi , Hu Die , Zhou Bailing , Yang Li 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPeptides with suitable aggregation behavior and electrical properties are potential siRNA delivery vectors. However, identifying suitable peptides with ideal delivery and safety features is difficult owing to the variations in amino acid sequences. Here, a holistic program based on computer modeling and single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) is used to identify ideal siRNA delivery peptides. Stage one of this program consists of a sequential screening process for candidates with ideal assembly and delivery ability; stage two is a cell subtype‐level analysis program that screens for high in vivo tissue safety. The leading candidate peptide selected from a library containing 12 amino acids showed strong lung‐targeted siRNA delivery capacity after hydrophobic modification. Systemic administration of these compounds caused the least damage to liver and lung tissues and has little impact on macrophage and neutrophil numbers. By loading STAT3 siRNA, strong anticancer effects are achieved in multiple models, including patient‐derived xenografts (PDX). This screening procedure may facilitate the development of peptide‐based RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics.
Revealing Pathway Complexity and Helical Inversion in Supramolecular Assemblies Through Solvent‐Induced Radical Disparities
Authors: Ma Haotian , Cheng Xiaoxiao , Zhang Gong , Miao Tengfei , He Zixiang , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNew insights are raised to interpret pathway complexity in the supramolecular assembly of chiral triarylamine tris‐amide (TATA) monomer. In cosolvent systems, the monomer undergoes entirely different assembly processes depending on the chemical feature of the two solvents. Specifically, 1,2‐dichloroethane (DCE) and methylcyclohexane (MCH) cosolvent trigger the cooperative growth of monomers with M helical arrangement, and hierarchical thin nanobelts are further formed. But in DCE and hexane (HE) combination, a different pathway occurs where monomers go through isodesmic growth to generate twisted nanofibers with P helical arrangement. Moreover, the two distinct assemblies exhibit opposite excited‐state chirality. The driving force for both assemblies is the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between amide moieties. However, the mechanistic investigation indicates that radical and neutral triarylamine species go through distinct assembly phases by changing solvent structures. The neutralization of radicals in MCH plays a critical role in pathway complexity, which significantly impacts the overall supramolecular assembly process, giving rise to inversed supramolecular helicity and distinct morphologies. This differentiation in pathways affected by radicals provides a new approach to manipulate chiral supramolecular assembly process by facile solvent–solute interactions.
Incorporating Two Crown Ether Struts into the Backbone of Robust Zirconium‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks as Custom‐Designed Efficient Collectors for Radioactive Metal Ions
Authors: Li Lei , Kang Kang , Chee Tien‐Shee , Tian Zhenjiang , Sun Qi , Xiao Chengliang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe incorporation of crown ether into metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) is garnered significant attention because these macrocyclic units can fine‐tune the inherent properties of the frameworks. However, the synthesis of flexible crown ethers with precise structures as the fundamental building blocks of crystalline MOFs remains a challenging endeavor, with only a limited number of transition metal examples existing to date. Herein, 18‐crown‐6 and 24‐crown‐8 struts are successfully incorporated into the skeleton of zirconium‐based MOFs to obtain two new and stable crown ether‐based MOFs, denoted as ZJU‐X100 and ZJU‐X102. These newly developed MOFs displayed high porosity and remarkable stability when exposed to various solvents, boiling water, pH values, and even concentrated HCl conditions. Thanks to their highly ordered porous structure and high‐density embedding of specific binding sites within tubular channels, these two MOFs exhibited extremely fast sorption kinetics and demonstrated outstanding performance in the uptake of strontium and cesium ions, respectively. Furthermore, the structures of Sr‐adsorbed ZJU‐X100 and Cs‐adsorbed ZJU‐X102 are solved and confirmed the precise location of Sr2+/Cs+ in the cavity of 18‐crown‐6/24‐crown‐8. This makes modular mosaic of different crown ethers into the skeleton of stable zirconium‐based MOFs possible and promote such materials have broad applications in sorption, sensing, and catalysis.
Hydrogenation of CO2 into Value‐added Chemicals Using Solid‐Supported Catalysts
Authors: Aktary Mahbuba , Alghamdi Huda S. , Ajeebi Afnan M. , AlZahrani Atif S. , Sanhoob Mohammed A. , Aziz Md. Abdul , Nasiruzzaman Shaikh M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReducing CO2 emissions is an urgent global priority. In this context, several mitigation strategies, including CO2 tax and stringent legislation, have been adopted to halt the deterioration of the natural environment. Also, carbon recycling procedures undoubtedly help reduce net emissions into the atmosphere, enhancing sustainability. Utilizing Earth's abundant CO2 to produce high‐potential green chemicals and light fuels opens new avenues for the chemical industry. In this context, many attempts have been devoted to converting CO2 as a feedstock into various value‐added chemicals, such as CH4, lower methanol, light olefins, gasoline, and higher hydrocarbons, for numerous applications involving various catalytic reactions. Although several CO2‐conversion methods have been used, including electrochemical, photochemical, and biological approaches, the hydrogenation method allows the reaction to be tuned to produce the targeted compound without significantly altering infrastructure. This review discusses the numerous hydrogenation routes and their challenges, such as catalyst design, operation, and the combined art of structure‐activity relationships for the various product formations.
Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence dosimetry properties of Ag/Y co‐doped ZnO nanophosphor for radiation measurements
Authors: Abdurabu Thabit Hammam , Ismail Abd Khamim , Kabir Norlaili A. , Abu Mhareb Mohammad Hasan , Al Mutairi Abdulmajeed Muidh , Bafaqeer Abdullah , Alajerami Yasser , Abualsayyed Mohammad Ibrahim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis work explores the thermoluminescence (TL) and photoluminescence (PL) properties of Ag/Y co‐doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanophosphor. The proposed dosimeter was prepared by the coprecipitation method and sintered at temperatures from 400°C to 1000°C in an air atmosphere. Raman spectroscopy was studied to investigate the structural features of this composition. The new proposed dosimeter revealed two peaks at 150°C and 175°C with a small shoulder at high temperature (225°C). The PL spectrum showed strong green emissions between 500 to 550 nm. The Raman spectrum showed many bands related to the interaction between ZnO, silver (Ag), and yttrium oxide (Y2O3). The rising sintering temperature enhanced the TL glow curve intensity. The Ag/Y co‐doped ZnO nanophosphor showed an excellent linearity index within a dose from 1 to 4 Gy. The minimum detectable dose (MDD) of the Ag/Y co‐doped ZnO nanopowder (pellets) equaled 0.518 mGy. The main TL properties were achieved in this work as follows: thermal fading (37% after 45 days at 1 and 4 Gy), optical fading (53% after 1 h and 68% after 6 h by exposure to sunlight), effective atomic number (27.6), and energy response (flat behavior from 0.1 to 1.3 MeV). Finally, the proposed material shows promising results nominated to be used for radiation measurements.
A novel synthetic oleanane triterpenoid, 2‐cyano‐3,12‐dioxoolean‐1,9‐dien‐28‐oic acid, regulates mechanical allodynia by rescuing neuronal cell death and glial cell activation in the spinal cord of resiniferatoxin‐treated rats
Authors: Lu Ying‐Yi , Lin Chia‐Yang , Tsai Hung‐Pei , Lin Chih‐Lung , Wu Chieh‐Hsin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundTreating postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), which is characterized with a long‐lasting lancinating mechanical allodynia or hyperalgesia, is a big challenge as it is hard to achieve complete resolution. A synthetic triterpenoid, CDDO (2‐cyano‐3,12‐dioxoolean‐1,9‐dien‐28‐oic acid) can exert pleiotropic effects including anti‐inflammation and neuroprotective activities. Nevertheless, the antinociceptive effect of CDDO and its derivatives remains unknown. Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is easily feasible, and an RTX‐treated rodent model can mimic the PHN‐like symptoms. Therefore, RTX‐treated rats were used to serve as a PHN rats’ model in the study to elucidate whether a synthetic triterpenoid, CDDO, can improve mechanical allodynia in RTX‐treated rats.MethodsThe antinociceptive effects of CDDO were assessed by behavioral tests, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Paw withdrawal mechanical threshold was determined using calibrated forceps.ResultsAdministration of RTX led to mechanical allodynia, neuronal cell death, and glial cell activation in the spinal cord of RTX‐treated rats. A synthetic triterpenoid, CDDO, blocked RTX‐induced mechanical allodynia, rescued neuronal cell death, and inhibited glial cell activation in the spinal cord of RTX‐treated rats.ConclusionsOur study provides a novel result that a synthetic triterpenoid, CDDO, can interfere neuronal cell death and glial cell activation in the spinal cord of RTX‐treated rats. Hence, CDDO is an alternative therapeutic choice for PHN.
Correlation between serum ANGPTL4 levels and white matter hyperintensity and cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Zhao Jianhua , Zhang Shiyun , Wang Xiaoting , Wang Minghua , Wang Zehua , Li Ruotai , Liu Yuxi , Lu Chengbiao , Li Shaomin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the correlation between serum angiopoietin‐like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) levels, white matter hyperintensity (WMH), and cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study enrolled 171 patients with CSVD who attended the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from December 2021 to July 2022. All subjects underwent a 3.0T head magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychology assessment, and blood sampling. Serum ANGPTL4 levels were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and the severity of WMH was assessed by the Fazekas scale. According to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, subjects were divided into normal cognition group (NC, n = 80) and CI group (n = 91). According to the total Fazekas scores, subjects were divided into a mild WMH group (n = 84), a moderate WMH group (n = 70), and a severe WMH group (n = 17).ResultsSerum ANGPTL4 levels were significantly higher in the CI group than in the NC group (p < .05) and were negatively correlated with mini–mental state examination scores and MoCA scores (r = −0.26, −0.341, p < .05). Serum ANGPTL4 levels increased significantly in the mild to moderate WMH group but tended to decrease in the severe WMH group. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that ANGPTL4 was an independent influencing factor for CSVD‐CI (OR = 2.062, 95% CI (1.591–2.674), p < .001). The area under curve of ANGPTL4 for CSVD‐CI was 0.847 (0.791–0.903).ConclusionANGPTL4 may be involved in the process of white matter damage and CI in CSVD patients and shows a diagnostic value for CSVD‐CI.
Perceived cognitive performance in off‐prescription users of modafinil and methylphenidate: an online survey
Authors: Teodorini Rachel D. , Rycroft Nicola , Smith‐Spark James H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionModafinil and methylphenidate are used off‐prescription for cognitive enhancement in healthy individuals. Such use is often reported in online surveys but it is unclear whether drug use for cognitive enhancement is motivated by perceived poor cognitive performance or a desire to improve good cognitive performance. The current study investigated whether off‐prescription users of modafinil and methylphenidate differed in their self‐perceived cognitive performance from people who do not take these drugs.MethodAn online survey targeting forum sites assessed self‐perceived cognitive function via the Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self‐Report Scale, the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, and the General Procrastination Scale.ResultsThere were 249 respondents, of whom 43% reported no use of modafinil and methylphenidate (the control group) and 58% reported use of one or both drugs without a prescription for cognitive enhancement. This created an independent samples design with three groups. On both the Adult Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder Self‐Report Scale and General Procrastination Scale, modafinil and methylphenidate users reported higher scores than the control group, indicating higher levels of perceived inattention and procrastination. Scores on the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire indicated that modafinil and methylphenidate users rated themselves as having fewer cognitive failures than controls.ConclusionThese findings suggest that at least some reported off‐prescription users of modafinil and methylphenidate may be seeking to reduce the impact of self‐perceived poorer performance, particularly in forms of cognition that are likely to impact on self‐directed or self‐motivated work.
Cell fate regulation governed by p53: Friends or reversible foes in cancer therapy
Authors: Song Bin , Yang Ping , Zhang Shuyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Targeted therapies aimed at key oncogenic driver mutations in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as immunotherapy have benefited cancer patients considerably. Tumor protein p53 (TP53), a crucial tumor suppressor gene encoding p53, regulates numerous downstream genes and cellular phenotypes in response to various stressors. The affected genes are involved in diverse processes, including cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, cellular senescence, metabolic homeostasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. However, accumulating recent studies have continued to reveal novel and unexpected functions of p53 in governing the fate of tumors, for example, functions in ferroptosis, immunity, the tumor microenvironment and microbiome metabolism. Among the possibilities, the evolutionary plasticity of p53 is the most controversial, partially due to the dizzying array of biological functions that have been attributed to different regulatory mechanisms of p53 signaling. Nearly 40 years after its discovery, this key tumor suppressor remains somewhat enigmatic. The intricate and diverse functions of p53 in regulating cell fate during cancer treatment are only the tip of the iceberg with respect to its equally complicated structural biology, which has been painstakingly revealed. Additionally, TP53 mutation is one of the most significant genetic alterations in cancer, contributing to rapid cancer cell growth and tumor progression. Here, we summarized recent advances that implicate altered p53 in modulating the response to various cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Furthermore, we also discussed potential strategies for targeting p53 as a therapeutic option for cancer.
Associations of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor rs6265 polymorphism and cognitive function in breast cancer survivors from a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Goto Taichi , Saligan Leorey N. , Li Xiaobai , Xiang Lichen , Kwiat Catherine , Nguyen Christopher , Crouch Adele , Von Ah Diane 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer survivors (BCS) often complain of cancer‐related cognitive impairment (CRCI) during and even months after completing primary cancer treatments, particularly chemotherapy. The etiology of CRCI is unknown, but associations of CRCI with germline genetic polymorphisms have been reported, including Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) rs6265 polymorphism. The current study investigated the associations of specific BDNF rs6265 with CRCI.MethodsCancer‐related cognitive impairment was assessed using subjective reports of cognitive symptoms (the version 1.0, 8‐item short‐forms of the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System®) and computerized objective cognitive function scores (CANTAB®). BDNF rs6265 genotypes were determined from buccal swabs. The associations of specific BDNF rs6265 with CRCI were examined by either one‐way analysis of variance or the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by post hoc tests and rank‐based regression analysis.ResultsWe examined 356 female BCS. The mean (SD) age was 55.6 (9.8) years old, the median (IQR) years since cancer diagnosis were 4.0 (6.0), and 331 (92.7%) were self‐described as White. BCS carrying the Met/Met genotype showed poorer results on ‘visual episodic memory and new learning’ and ‘spatial working memory and executive function.’ This relationship was observed regardless of prior chemotherapy.ConclusionOur findings suggest that carrying the BDNF rs6265 Met/Met genotype increases the risk for CRCI in BCS. These results are foundational in nature and provide important information to identify mechanisms underpinning CRCI.
Disentangling late quaternary fluvial and climatic drivers of palaeohydrological change in the Najaf Sea basin, Western Iraq
Authors: Briant R. M. , Jotheri J. , Al‐Ameri I. , Ahmed A. , Bateman M. D. , Engels S. , Garzanti E. , Nymark A. , Reynolds T. E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe water resource provided by lake basins in the western desert of Iraq is important for human occupation of areas outside the Tigris‐Euphrates floodplain, both in the past and into the future. This paper presents the first geomorphological and geochronological study of the date of formation of the Najaf Sea and the only such study of any lake basin to the west of Mesopotamia. Geomorphological shoreline features and a palaeochannel linking to the Euphrates were studied and dated using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating. Provenance was determined using heavy mineral analysis. Past environments in the Najaf Sea were reconstructed by molluscan analysis. The earliest OSL ages date from c. 30 000 and 22 000 years ago and seem to predate lake formation. Younger OSL ages date the highest lake level at c. 19 m asl to between 1620–1760 AD (base) to 1906–1974 AD (near surface). The radiocarbon ages are affected by a freshwater reservoir effect, but the maximum ages recorded for either of the c. 15 m and c. 17 m asl shorelines are c. 800 cal. BC. This predates the first archaeological sites in the Najaf basin and is similar to maximum ages of c. 850 and c. 1100 cal. BC from the associated palaeochannel. This timing does not seem to be linked to a humid climate event. We therefore conclude that the establishment of the Najaf Sea in the Najaf basin occurred as a result of an avulsion event within the Euphrates system that diverted flow to the basin. The trigger for this avulsion event likely related to rapid sediment accumulation and may have been either autogenic or driven by human activity. This study therefore suggests that Najaf Sea formation facilitated human expansion beyond the Tigris‐ Euphrates floodplain and occurred due to avulsion of the Euphrates.
Development of a Fourier‐expansion based differential quadrature method with lattice Boltzmann flux solvers: Application to incompressible isothermal and thermal flows
Authors: Liu Yaguang , Shu Chang , Yu Peng , Liu Yangyang , Zhang Hua , Lu Chun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a high‐order Fourier‐expansion based differential quadrature method with isothermal and thermal lattice Boltzmann flux solvers (LBFS‐FDQ and TLBFS‐FDQ) for simulating incompressible flows. The numerical solution in the present method is approximated via trigonometric basis. Therefore, both periodic and non‐periodic boundary conditions can be handled straightforwardly without the special treatments as required by polynomial‐based differential quadrature methods. The incorporation of LBFS/TLBFS enables the present methods to efficiently simulated various types of flow problems on considerably coarse grids with spectral accuracy. The high‐order accuracy, efficiency and competitiveness of the proposed method are comprehensively demonstrated through a wide selection of isothermal and thermal flow benchmarks.