bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey of screening and support systems for socially high‐risk pregnancies at obstetric facilities in Japan
Authors: Otsuka Kumiko , Okatsu Aiko , Wada Satoko , Mitsuda Nobuaki , Kataoka Yaeko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo clarify the state of screening and support systems for socially high‐risk pregnant women at obstetric facilities across Japan and identify the characteristics of facilities related to the implementation of screening.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used a self‐administered questionnaire. Participants were managers of hospitals, clinics, and midwifery birth centers handling deliveries in 47 prefectures across Japan. The questionnaire comprised items regarding the characteristics of participants and their facilities, service provision related to socially high‐risk women available at the facility, the number of specified pregnant women (tokutei ninpu) per year, methods of screening, and support systems within the obstetric facilities. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed using IBM‐SPSS version 24 for the association between facility characteristics and screening practices for socially high‐risk pregnant women.ResultsValid responses were received from 716 of 2512 obstetric facilities. Rates of specified expectant mothers per annual number of deliveries were identified as follows: perinatal medical centers (2.7%), general hospitals (1.6%), obstetrics and gynecology hospitals (1.0%), and clinics (0.8%). A total of 426 facilities (60.6%) reported screening all expectant mothers to identify socially high‐risk pregnant women. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that facility characteristics and service/care provision related to screening practices included availability of in‐hospital midwife‐led care and in‐hospital midwifery clinics (adjusted odds ratio 1.61; 95% CI [1.30, 1.47]), one‐on‐one care by midwife (1.73; 95% CI [1.15, 2.59]), multidisciplinary meetings within the facility (1.70; 95% CI [1.14, 2.56]), follow‐up support systems after discharge (1.90; 95% CI [1.17, 3.09]), and participation in the regional council for children in need of protection (2.33; 95% CI [1.13, 4.81]).ConclusionsApproximately 60% of surveyed obstetric facilities screen for socially high‐risk women. Increasing service provision at facilities may be necessary to implement screening.
Comparison of asymmetric Z‐plasty and Stallard Z‐plasty in correction of epicanthus
Authors: Chen Qian , Long Xiren , Li Gaofeng , She Huiming , Zhang Wanhong , Luo Youqi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of asymmetric Z‐plasty with central axis inward displacement and stallard Z‐plasty in the correction of epicanthus.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 193 patients who underwent epicanthal plasty in the Department of Plastic and Laser Cosmetology of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from 2009 to 2019. The patients were divided into two groups according to different surgical methods: group A (n = 125) received the asymmetric Z‐plasty with central axis inward displacement method and group B (n = 68) received the stallard Z‐plasty method. The incidence of early postoperative complications, epicanthus retraction and scar concealment from 6 months after the operation were analyzed and evaluated.ResultsAfter 7 days postoperation, both group A and B of patients had grade A wound healing without any infection or poor wound healing. As for the retraction of the epicanthus, 97.6% of group A patients had no retraction and 2.7% had mild retraction, while 92.6% of group B patients had no retraction and 7.4% had mild retraction. The rank‐sum test showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between the two groups. Regarding scar concealment, 35.2% of group A patients had partially hidden scars and 64.8% had completely hidden scars, while 72.1% of group B patients had no hidden scars and 27.9% had partially hidden scars, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05).ConclusionCompared with stallard Z‐plasty, asymmetric Z‐plasty with central axis inward displacement has the advantages of concealed incision, easier scar concealment, less scar hyperplasia and stable effect, which results in higher postoperative satisfaction.
Classification of traumatic injury to the dural venous sinus using CT venography
Authors: Schwartz Daniel A. , Talbott Jason , Callen Andrew , Laguna Benjamin , Narvid Jared , Ch'ang Judy H. , Singh Vineeta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeCerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an underrecognized cause of morbidity in acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). Radiologic diagnosis is challenging in the setting of concurrent extra‐axial injury and a lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. The prevalence of traumatic thrombosis versus compression is unknown. Treatment with anticoagulation is often determined by the appropriate classification of the type of traumatic venous injury.MethodsWe developed a two‐part radiologic grading method for standardized assessment of traumatic CVST based on (1) the degree of flow limitation through the affected sinus and (2) the location of venous pathology (ie, external compression vs. intrinsic thrombosis) based on computed tomography venography. We applied this grading method to a retrospective cohort of TBI patients presenting to a Level 1 Trauma center. Chart review was performed to identify potential clinical correlates. A senior neuroradiologist graded the entire cohort and a random subsample was selected for blinded rating by two independent neuroradiologists.ResultsSeventy‐six of 221 patients were identified for inclusion after excluding nontraumatic mechanisms. Seven unique grades were employed to characterize the full extent of venous injuries. The plurality of patients from the cohort (43/76 = 43.4%) suffered compressive injuries. Inter‐rater reliability was moderate for the combined grade, kappa = 0.48, p<.05, and substantial for the flow limitation component, kappa = 0.69, p<.05.ConclusionsWe introduce a standardized two‐part classification system for traumatic venous sinus injury with moderate‐substantial inter‐rater reliability. Compressive injuries were more common than thrombotic injuries. Further prospective work is needed to validate the clinical significance of this classification system.
Dipotassium glycyrrhizate and hinokitiol enhance macrophage efferocytosis by regulating recognition, uptake, and metabolism of apoptotic cells in vitro
Authors: Yamamoto Yu , Yamaguchi Tsuguno , Egashira Kenji , Saiki Shuhei , Kimura Mitsuo , Chikazawa Takashi , Yamamoto Yukio , Kurita Kei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveEfferocytosis is a process whereby macrophages remove apoptotic cells, such as neutrophils, that have accumulated in tissues, which is required for resolution of inflammation. Efferocytosis is impaired in individuals with increasing age and in those with various systemic diseases. Recently, efferocytosis has been reported to be related to the pathogenesis and progression of periodontitis, and enhancement of efferocytosis, especially in the subjects with impaired efferocytosis, was suggested to lead to periodontitis prevention and care. Various anti‐inflammatory ingredients are used in oral care products, but their effect on efferocytosis is unclear. Here, we aimed to identify ingredients contained in oral care products that are effective for efferocytosis regulation.MethodsThe ability of dead cells to induce inflammation in human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells were evaluated by measuring IL‐6 secretion. Six ingredients in oral care products used as anti‐inflammatory agents were evaluated for their effect on efferocytosis using flow cytometry. The expression of various efferocytosis‐related molecules, such as MERTK and LRP1 involved in recognition, and LXRα and ABCA1 that function in metabolism, were measured in RAW264.7 cells with or without ingredient treatment. Rac1 activity, which is related to the uptake of dead cells, was measured using the G‐LISA kit.ResultsDead cells elicited IL‐6 secretion in HGF cells. Among the six ingredients, GK2 and hinokitiol enhanced efferocytosis activity. GK2 and hinokitiol significantly increased the expression of MERTK and LRP1, and also enhanced LXRα and ABCA1 expression after efferocytosis. Furthermore, they increased Rac1 activity in the presence of dead cells.ConclusionAmong the six ingredients tested, GK2 and hinokitiol promoted efferocytosis by regulating apoptotic cell recognition, uptake, and metabolism‐related molecules. Efferocytosis upregulation may be one of the mechanisms of GK2 and hinokitiol in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as periodontitis.
Effect of previous infection with hepatitis B virus on the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained virologic response in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Toyoda Hidenori , Koshiyama Yuichi , Yasuda Satoshi , Kumada Takashi , Chayama Kazuaki , Akita Tomoyuki , Tanaka Junko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrevious infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is assessed by HBV core antibody (HBcAb) or surface antibody (HBsAb) titres, has reportedly been associated with an increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the influence of previous HBV infection on the incidence of HCC in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who achieved eradication of HCV, that is sustained virologic response (SVR). Both HBcAb and HBsAb were measured in a total of 1214 patients with HCV infection who had not been coinfected with HBV, as determined by both negative HBs antigen and HBV DNA, and in whom SVR was confirmed. Patients were followed up for a median of 5.7 years, and the incidence of post‐SVR HCC was compared based on HBcAb and/or HBsAb. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, the incidence of post‐SVR HCC did not differ based on the presence of HBcAb or HBsAb. In conclusion, previous HBV infection has no impact on the incidence of HCC in patients with HCV after SVR.
Association of vitamin D‐binding protein polymorphisms and serum 25(OH)D concentration varies among Chinese healthy infants of different VDR‐FokI genotypes: A multi‐centre cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tsang Hing Wai , Tung Keith T. S. , Wong Rosa S. , Wong Siew Yan , Tung Joanna Y. L. , Chua Gilbert T. , Ho Marco H. K. , Pang Chi Pui , Wong Wilfred H. S. , Chan Godfrey C. F. , Wong Ian C. K. , Ip Patrick 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHypovitaminosis D during infancy is associated with the development of chronic diseases and poor health later in life. While the effect of environmental factors on vitamin D concentration has been extensively explored, this study aimed to explore the effect of genetic factors on vitamin D concentration among Chinese infants. We conducted a multi‐centre cross‐sectional study in Hong Kong from July 2019 to May 2021. A candidate genetic approach was adopted to study four selected genetic variants of the vitamin D‐binding protein (DBP) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) (rs4588, rs7041, rs2282679 and rs2228570) to examine their associations with measured serum 25(OH)D concentration. A total of 378 Chinese infants aged 2–12 months were recruited in this study. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the infants to measure serum 25(OH)D concentration and extract DNA. Results showed that rs7041T and rs2282679C were significantly associated with lower serum 25(OH)D concentration. Further analysis of the DBP variants revealed that the GC1F allele was significantly associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration and identified as the risk DBP isoform in infants. While our results revealed that there is no direct association between VDR‐FokI genotype and serum 25(OH)D concentration, a VDR‐FokI genotype‐specific pattern was observed in the association between DBP isoforms and serum 25(OH)D concentration. Specifically, significant associations were observed in the DBP genotypes GC1F/F, GC1F/2 and GC1S/2 among VDR‐FokI TT/TC carriers, but not in VDR‐FokI CC carriers. Our findings lay down the basis for the potential of genetic screening to identify high risk of hypovitaminosis D in Chinese infants.
Death caps (Amanita phalloides) frequently establish from sexual spores, but individuals can grow large and live for more than a decade in invaded forests
Authors: Golan Jacob , Wang Yen‐Wen , Adams Catharine A. , Cross Hugh , Elmore Holly , Gardes Monique , Gonçalves Susana C. , Hess Jaqueline , Richard Franck , Wolfe Benjamin , Pringle Anne 
Published: December 2023

Summary

Global change is reshaping Earth's biodiversity, but the changing distributions of nonpathogenic fungi remain largely undocumented, as do mechanisms enabling invasions. The ectomycorrhizal Amanita phalloides is native to Europe and invasive in North America. Using population genetics and genomics, we sought to describe the life history traits of this successfully invading symbiotic fungus.

To test whether death caps spread underground using hyphae, or aboveground using sexual spores, we mapped and genotyped mushrooms from European and US sites. Larger genetic individuals (genets) would suggest spread mediated by vegetative growth, while many small genets would suggest dispersal mediated by spores. To test whether genets are ephemeral or persistent, we also sampled from populations over time.

At nearly every site and across all time points, mushrooms resolve into small genets. Individuals frequently establish from sexual spores. But at one Californian site, a single individual measuring nearly 10 m across dominated. At two Californian sites, the same genetic individuals were discovered in 2004, 2014, and 2015, suggesting single individuals (both large and small) can reproduce repeatedly over relatively long timescales.

A flexible life history strategy combining both mycelial growth and spore dispersal appears to underpin the invasion of this deadly perennial ectomycorrhizal fungus.
Long‐term effects produced by early treatment of Class III malocclusion with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask followed by fixed appliances: A multicentre retro‐prospective controlled study
Authors: Rutili Valentina , Souki Bernardo Quiroga , Nieri Michele , Carlos Ana Luiza Farnese Morais , Pavoni Chiara , Cozza Paola , McNamara James A , Giuntini Veronica , Franchi Lorenzo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the short‐ and long‐term dentoskeletal effects of early Class III treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask (RME/FM) followed by fixed appliances.Materials and MethodsA total of 44 patients (27 females, 17 males) treated consecutively with RME/FM were included from the archives of 3 centres. Three lateral cephalograms were available: T0 (before the start of RME/FM therapy, mean age 8.1 ± 1.8 years), T1 (immediately after RME/FM, mean age 9.8 ± 1.6 years), and T2 (long‐term observation, mean age 19.5 ± 1.6 years). A control group of 17 untreated Class III subjects (12 females and 5 males) also was selected. Between‐group statistical comparisons were performed with ANCOVA.ResultsNo statistically significant differences for any of the cephalometric variables were found at T0. In the short term, the treated group showed significant improvements in ANB (+2.9°), Wits appraisal (+2.7 mm), SNA (+1.8°) and SNB (−1.1°). A significant closure of CoGoMe angle (−1.3°) associated with smaller increments along Co‐Gn (−2.4 mm) also was found together with a significant increase in intermaxillary divergence (+1.3°). In the long‐term, significant improvements in ANB (+2.6°), Wits appraisal (+2.7 mm) and SNB (−1.7°) were recorded together with a significant closure of the CoGoMe angle (−2.9°). No significant long‐term changes in vertical skeletal relationships were found.ConclusionsRME/FM therapy was effective in improving Class III dentoskeletal relationships in the short term. These changes remained stable in the long‐term due mainly to favourable mandibular changes.
Surgical neonates: A retrospective review of procedures and postoperative outcomes at a quaternary children's hospital
Authors: Nelson Olivia , Rintoul Natalie E. , Tan Jonathan M. , Simpao Allan F. , Chuo John , Hedrick Holly L. , Duran Melissa S. , Makeneni Spandana , Devine Matthew , Cao Lusha , Stricker Paul A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionNeonates have a high incidence of respiratory and cardiac perioperative events. Disease severity and indications for surgical intervention often dovetail with an overall complex clinical course and predispose these infants to adverse long‐term neurodevelopmental outcomes and increased length of stay. Our aims were to describe severe and nonsevere early postoperative complications to establish a baseline of care outcomes and to identify subgroups of surgical neonates and procedures for future prospective studies.MethodsElectronic health record data were examined retrospectively for a cohort of patients who had general anesthesia from January 26, 2015 to August 31, 2018. Inclusion criteria were full‐term infants with postmenstrual age less than 44 weeks or premature infants less than 60 weeks postmenstrual age undergoing nonimaging, noncardiac surgery. Severe postoperative complications were defined as mortality, reintubation, positive blood culture, and surgical site infection. Nonsevere early postoperative outcomes were defined as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, hypothermia, hyperthermia, and readmission within 30 days.ResultsAbout 2569 procedures were performed in 1842 neonates of which 10.9% were emergency surgeries. There were 120 postoperative severe complications and 965 nonsevere postoperative outcomes. Overall, 30‐day mortality was 1.8% for the first procedure performed, with higher mortality seen on subgroup analysis for patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy (10.3%) and congenital lung lesion resection (4.9%). Postoperative areas for improvement included hyperglycemia (13.9%) and hypothermia (7.9%).DiscussionThe mortality rate in our study was comparable to other studies of neonatal surgery despite a high rate of emergency surgery and a high prevalence of prematurity in our cohort. The early outcomes data identified areas for improvement, including prevention of postoperative glucose and temperature derangements.ConclusionsNeonates in this cohort were at risk for severe and nonsevere adverse postoperative outcomes. Future studies are suggested to improve mortality and adverse event rates.
Awake caudal anesthesia in ex‐premature infants undergoing lower abdominal surgery: A narrative review
Authors: Frawley Geoff P. , McCann Alexander John 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aim of this narrative review is to evaluate the literature describing the use of caudal anesthetic‐based techniques in premature and ex‐premature infants undergoing lower abdominal surgery.MethodsAll available literature from inception to August 2023 was retrieved according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis guidelines from Medline, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Two authors reviewed all references for eligibility, abstracted data, and appraised quality.ResultsOf the 211 articles identified, 45 met our inclusion criteria yielding 1548 cases with awake caudal anesthesia. The review included 558 (36.0%) cases of awake caudal anesthesia, 837 cases (54.1%) of “awake” caudal anesthesia with sedation, and 153 cases (9.9%) of combined spinal caudal epidural anesthesia without sedation.The overall anesthetic failure rate was 7.2% (71.9:1000 caudals). Failure rates were highest for CSEA (13.7%, 7.7–18.4), intermediate for awake caudal (6.6%, 5.26–9.51), and lowest for sedated caudal anesthesia (5.85%, 4.48–7.82). The incidence (range) of perioperative apnea was highest for sedated caudal anesthesia (8.16, 0%–24%), intermediate for awake caudal (7.62%, 0%–60%), and lowest for CSEA (5.53%, 0%–14.3%).High spinal anesthesia occurred in 0.84%, or 8.35:1000 caudals overall. The incidence was highest in awake caudal anesthesia cases (1.97% or 19.7:1000 caudals), intermediate with caudal with sedation (1.07% or 10.7:1000 caudals), and lowest in CSEA (0.7% or 6.6:1000 caudals).Our review was confounded by incomplete data reporting and small sample sizes as most were case reports. There were no high‐quality randomized controlled trials, and the eight single‐center retrospective data reviews lacked sufficient data to perform meta‐analysis.ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to validate or refute the benefits of the use of “awake” caudal anesthesia in premature and ex‐premature infants. The high doses of local anesthetics used, the high failure rate, and the increased incidence of high spinal anesthesia would suggest that the techniques offer no real advantages over awake spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia with a regional block.
Identification of SSR markers linked to new fertility restoration trait in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) for A4 (maldandi) male sterile cytoplasm
Authors: Pavan Kumar N. , Biradar Basavaraj D. , Bagewadi Basavaraj , Hanamaratti N. G. , Bhat Sumangala , Shekharappa  , Nethra P. , Kariyannanavar Prashanth , Kavyashree N. M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIdentification of markers associated with fertility restoration (Rf) genes is essential because they can streamline the breeding of new CMS lines and production of commercial hybrid seeds. Therefore, in the present study, F2 populations (M31‐2A × DSMR 8) was utilized to identify markers linked to Rf loci on maldandi (A4) cytoplasm through bulk segregant analysis (BSA). The F2 population was analysed for seed set percentage. Chi‐square (χ2) analysis showed that the fertility restoration trait followed expected digenic ratio. By BSA, simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers, namely, Xtxp 34 and Xtxp 69 located on chromosome 3 and SB 3956 and Xtxp 312 located on chromosome 7, showed clear polymorphism between two groups of fertile and sterile bulks. The genomic region harbouring Rf locus on chromosome 3 (2.61 Mbp) predicted to encode five pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) genes whereas, on chromosome 7, the gene SORBI_3007G047400 predicted to encode MYB (myeloblastosis) domain containing proteins. These predicted genes could be the candidate for restoring fertility on A4 cytoplasm. This finding will be fundamental in the production and rapid selection of novel restorer lines.
Distal sibling grief: Exploring emotional affect and salience of listener behaviors in stories of sibling death
Authors: Brock Margaret , Yoshimura Christina Granato 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCommunicated Narrative Sense‐Making (CNSM) theory was utilized to consider the characteristics of stories of sibling death 5 years or more after the loss and to investigate the association between sharing these stories and a bereaved sibling's well‐being. Analysis of 174 narratives revealed that a neutral affective tone was predominant in storytelling and that participant overall mood emerged as a more significant predictor of well‐being than the affective content of the story. Cause of death, age at death, short‐ and long‐term impacts, and continuing bonds with sibling were the main themes included in sibling death stories, with an emphasis on factual content. The participants' reported salience of six CNSM perspective‐taking behaviors of listeners while telling the death story to others suggests that while all six behaviors were important to their decision to share their story, being offered the freedom to tell the story and having positive, attentive behaviors from listeners were the most salient. Based on these findings, contributions to CNSM translational interventions for bereaved siblings are discussed.