bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Weather Parameters on Seasonal Incidence of Oriental Armyworm, Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae) Infesting Maize Ecosystem in North Kashmir
Authors: Bhat Ab Ahad , Tak Hidayatullah , Ahad Ishtiyaq , War Waseem Ahmad , Dass Wasim Muzamil 
Published: February 2024

The investigation on the seasonal incidence of oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Wadura SKUAST-K during kharif 2021. Shalimar composite-6 maize variety was cultivated under the standard practices for Kashmir valley, recommended by SKUAST-K. The pest activity during the crop growth period was monitored by using light traps and visual observations. Findings revealed that adult M. separata on maize emerged in the 18th standard meteorological week (SMW) with its peak in the 24th week and remained active until the 37th week. Similarly, armyworm caterpillars appeared in the 19th to 37th SMW and reached their peak in the 29th week in the maize ecosystem during 2021. Moreover, the percentage of infestation during the Kharif season was found to be minimum of 10 per cent in the 19th SMW, reaching its peak of 63 per cent in the 29th SMW. The infestation gradually decreased and persisted for eight weeks, with 10 per cent infestation in the 37th SMW. The relationship between adult population and weather parameters showed a positive correlation with maximum temperature (r = 0.14) and a negative correlation with minimum temperature (r = -0.22), morning relative humidity (r = -0.52*) and evening relative humidity (r = -0.47*). However, M. separata adult populations showed a significant negative association with rainfall (r = -0.51*). Correlations drawn between important weather parameters and larvae of M. separata showed significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (r = 0.60**) and minimum temperature (r =0.56**), while morning RH (r = -0.36) and evening RH (r = -0.29) showed negative association and rainfall (r =-0.16) also exhibited negative association with the larval infestation of M. separata during Kharif 2021. The study on percentage infestation also demonstrated a significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (r = 0.47*) and minimum temperature (r = 0.53*), while morning relative humidity (r = -0.22) and evening relative humidity (r = -0.29) showed negative associations. Rainfall (r = -0.20) displayed a negative correlation with the per cent infestation of M. separata.
Determining the Ideal Index for Assessing Detrusor Contractility in Women: Insights from Urodynamic Diagnosis and Age
Authors: Valentini FA , Marti BG , Zimmern PE 
Published: February 2024

Aims: Detrusor contractility governs the voiding process. Its evaluation in women derived from an intubated flow is obtained from the contractility indices PIP1 and the VBN-derived parameter k. Both values of PIP1 and k are dependent of the urodynamic diagnosis (UD) and decrease with aging. Our goal was to find out if one of these indexes was more informative depending on UD and age.
Methods: Contractility was evaluated from pressure-flow studies of 354 non-neurologic women (age range 20-96 y) who were referred for investigation of various lower urinary tract dysfunctions and who fulfilled criteria for inclusion: non-interrupted flow, voided volume >100 mL and Qmax> 2mL/s.
UD were bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), detrusor hyperactivity with impaired contractility (DHIC), detrusor overactivity (DO), detrusor underactivity (DU). Some investigations were found “normal” (N) and other related to urethral dysfunction (intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD)) or voiding triggered by urethral relaxation (URA)). Data were interpreted across age-groups with 20 years interval, at least 3 patients with one UD in a given age-group interval.
Results: Among all the UD, only 2 did not have a sufficient number of patients to be reported: DHIC for 20-40y and URA for >80y. For each UD, variations of k and PIP1 demonstrated a decrease with age, which was more important for k in the age group >80y (compared with all age groups). Age–groups 20-40 and 41-60 gave comparable values of k and PIP1 for UD BOO, DO and DU. Analysis of percentage of contractility value variation showed a more important and significant decrease for k vs. PIP1 between age-groups 61-80 and >80 for all UD (p=.0028).
Conclusions: If both detrusor contractility indexes have values well related to urodynamic diagnosis which decrease with age, use of k is more informative than PIP1 in elderly women.
Experimental identification of design parameters for novel reactor–separator
Authors: Shah Parag S. , Suppes Galen J. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe separation of methanol from glycerin and biodiesel in biodiesel manufacturing significantly adds to the cost of the biodiesel. A novel reactor–separator, based on flowing effluents through a temperature gradient, keeps the methanol in the reactor and could decrease the cost of separating methanol from glycerin and biodiesel. The reactor–separator has a lateral extension at the bottom of the reactor, which is referred as the “auto‐recycle discharge.” This discharge replaces a conventional flash separator and condenser. The ability of the auto‐recycle discharge to remove methanol from glycerin and biodiesel was experimentally evaluated at discharge temperatures ranging from 60 to 180°C and pressures from 101 to 515 kPa. Exiting compositions approached methanol's bubble point compositions under the assumption of a nonvolatile second component (either glycerin or biodiesel), and this constraint largely defined the separation that was achieved. Glycerin with less than 2% methanol was obtained using this separator. When extended for the separation of methanol from biodiesel, less than 1% methanol remained in the biodiesel effluent. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005
Association analysis of monoamine genes with measures of depression and anxiety in a selected community sample of siblings
Authors: Nash M.W. , Sugden K. , Huezo‐Diaz P. , Williamson R. , Sterne A. , Purcell S. , Sham P.C. , Craig I.W. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractEvidence indicates the genetic susceptibility to depression and anxiety is both overlapping and dimensional. In the current study, a quantitative phenotype had been created from several depression and anxiety‐related measures in order to index this common genetic susceptibility (G). This has been studied in 119 sibships comprising 312 individuals, selected for extreme scores on G, from a community‐based sample of 34,371 individuals. In a pathway based candidate gene study, we examined five microsatellite markers located within or nearby to five serotonin system genes (5HT2C, 5HT1D, 5HT1B, TPH1, and MAOB). Statistical analysis, carried out using QTDT, gave a significant association with a microsatellite downstream of TPH1. Further analysis included a life‐events composite as a co‐variable, this lead to a stronger association of TPH1. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report an association of the 3′ end of TPH1 with continuous measures of depression and anxiety. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY) as a genetic model for psychotic disorders
Authors: DeLisi Lynn E. , Maurizio Andrea M. , Svetina Christine , Ardekani Babak , Szulc Kamila , Nierenberg Jay , Leonard Jay , Harvey Phillip D. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractMales with an extra‐X chromosome (Klinefelter's syndrome) frequently, although not always, have an increased prevalence of psychiatric disturbances that range from attention deficit disorder in childhood to schizophrenia or severe affective disorders during adulthood. In addition, they frequently have characteristic verbal deficits. Thus, examining brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of these individuals may yield clues to the influence of X chromosome genes on brain structural variation corresponding to psychiatric and cognitive disorders. Eleven adult XXY and 11 age matched XY male controls were examined with a structured psychiatric interview, battery of cognitive tests, and an MRI scan. Ten of eleven of the XXY men had some form of psychiatric disturbance, four of whom had auditory hallucinations compared with none of the XY controls. Significantly smaller frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and superior temporal gyrus (STG) cortical volumes were observed bilaterally in the XXY men. In addition, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of white matter integrity resulted in four regions of reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) in XXY men compared with controls, three in the left hemisphere, and one on the right. These correspond to the left posterior limb of the internal capsule, bilateral anterior cingulate, and left arcuate bundle. Specific cognitive deficits in executive functioning attributable to frontal lobe integrity and verbal comprehension were noted. Thus, excess expression of one or more X chromosome genes influences both gray and white matter development in frontal and temporal lobes, as well as white matter tracts leading to them, and may in this way contribute to the executive and language deficits observed in these adults. Future prospective studies are needed to determine which gene or genes are involved and whether their expression could be modified with appropriate treatments early in life. Brain expressed genes that are known to escape inactivation on extra‐X chromosomes would be prime candidates. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A meta‐analysis of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and schizophrenia risk
Authors: Lewis Sarah J. , Zammit Stanley , Gunnell David , Smith George Davey 
Published: February 2005

AbstractEpigenetic mechanisms such as methylation of DNA, could lead to abnormal neurodevelopment and may be important in the etiology of schizophrenia. Maternal dietary folate intake may play a role in determining methylation levels. The MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism influences folate metabolism and intracellular availability of folate metabolites for methylation. We carried out a meta‐analysis of MTHFR C677T genotype and schizophrenia risk, and found that TT homozygotes had a significantly increased risk, OR 1.48 (1.18–1.86). This supports the hypothesis that folate status is a determinant of schizophrenia risk. Larger studies of this issue are required, together with studies of maternal genotype which could identify whether maternal folate status during pregnancy is important. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of nonmesogenic crosslinking units on the mesogenic properties of side‐chain cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers
Authors: Meng Fan‐Bao , Zhang Bao‐Yan , Xiao Wen‐Qiang , Hu Tao‐Xian 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA series of cyclosiloxane‐based cholesteric liquid crystalline elastomers were synthesized by using cholest‐5‐en‐3‐ol(3β)‐4‐(2‐propenyloxy)benzoate and a soft nonmesogenic crosslinking agent, acryloyl‐hexyl acrylate. The polymers were prepared in a one‐step reaction with the crosslinking contents ranging between 0 and 5.6 weight %. The effective crosslink density (Mc) was determined by swelling experiments employing Flory–Rehner models. All the polymers exhibited thermotropic LC properties and revealed a cholesteric phase. With increase of the crosslinking component in the polymers, the melting behavior disappeared and the enthalpy of transition decreased. But the temperature of glass transition and clear point changed little and did not show uptrend or downtrend. Reflection spectra of the cholesteric mesophase of the polymers showed that the reflected wavelength became broad and shifted to long wavelength with increase of the soft crosslinking component in the polymer systems. All these results originate from the effect of the soft nonmesogenic chemical crosslinking. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 625–631, 2005
Evaluation of the diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate)/acrylic acid copolymer behavior by solid‐state 13C‐NMR
Authors: da Silva Edemilson P. , Tavares Maria Inês B. , Fraga Luciana A. , Kaplan Maria A. C. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe dynamic behavior of diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) (CR‐39)/acrylic acid (AA) copolymers was evaluated by 13C high‐resolution solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The NMR data showed that the copolymerization of CR‐39 and AA generated copolymers with different molecular behaviors as a function of AA content, which promoted changes in the crosslinking of CR‐39 chains and in the intramolecular forces. The copolymerization process influenced the sequence distribution and domain formation of the monomers, which is a consequence of the dispersion of comonomers along the macromolecular chains. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 740–745, 2005
Study of the electrical properties of flame retardant poly(vinylchloride) using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy
Authors: Mostafa N. , Mohsen M. , Rashad S. , Aiob A. , Salem El. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSince the large fire at the Brown Ferry cable plant which occurred at noon on March 22, 1975 in Alabama, attention has been given to the use of flame retardant cable in buildings to meet fire safety requirements. Flame retardants are used in wire and cable applications to prevent the conversion of an electric spark into fire and subsequently to prevent the spread of fire throughout a structure along the wiring. There are many substances used as flame retardants in wires and cables. In Egypt, Multi‐Purpose Reactor insulation and jacket cables have been constructed from a flame retardant substance, poly(vinylchloride) (PVC). In the present work, elemental and X‐ray fluorescence analyses have been performed to determine the composition of PVC in the jacket cable samples. In addition, the conductivity (σ), permittivity (ϵ′), and dielectric loss (ϵ″) as well as positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) are measured in the temperature range 30 to 140 °C. It is found that the amount of chlorine in the flame‐retardant PVC (FRPVC) jacket cable is significantly higher (5%) than the conventional PVC jacket cable. Inverse relationships between σ and free volume size and fractions (V, f) through the temperature range are obtained. However, a distinct positive relationship between σ and I2 above 100°C is found. The results of PAL and electrical measurements indicate that FRPVC has good electrical insulation properties below 100°C. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 638–644, 2005
Molecular imprinting polymers for the separation of toluic acid isomers
Authors: Park Hye Ryoung , Yoon Soon Do , Bang Eui Yong , Rogers Kim R. , Chough Sung Hyo 
Published: February 2005

AbstractMolecular imprinting polymers (MIPs) were prepared with styrene, 4‐vinyl pyridine, and divinylbenzene for the separation of toluic acid isomers. The uptake and selectivity were investigated, with respect to how they were governed by the swelling degree of a soft MIP that contained a small amount of crosslinker. The optimum swelling range led to high uptake and the easy removal of the template without sacrificing the selectivity, which was controlled by the shape and size of the imprinting cavity under the same functional monomer, to the guest molecule. The original imprinting cavities were reversibly maintained within the range of 200% swelling and shrinking of MIPs throughout the template extraction. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 650–654, 2005
Electrochemical synthesis and corrosion protection properties of poly(o‐toluidine) coatings on low carbon steel
Authors: Shinde Vandana , Sainkar S. R. , Patil P. P. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractUniform and strongly adherent poly(o‐toluidine) (POT) coatings have been synthesized on low carbon steel (LCS) substrates by electrochemical polymerization (ECP) of o‐toluidine under cyclic voltammetric conditions from an aqueous sodium tartrate solution. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), UV‐visible absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize these coatings, which indicates that the sodium tartrate is a suitable medium for the ECP of o‐toluidine and it occurs without noticeable dissolution of LCS. Corrosion protection properties of the POT coatings were evaluated in aqueous 3% NaCl by the potentiodynamic polarization measurements and CV. The result of the potentiodynamic polarization demonstrates that the POT coating has ability to protect the LCS against corrosion. The corrosion potential was about 334 mV more positive in aqueous 3% NaCl for the POT‐coated LCS than that of bare LCS and reduces the corrosion rate of LCS almost by a factor of 50. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 685–695, 2005
Study of the influence of reaction conditions on the degree of substitution, intrinsic viscosity, and yield of oxidized cellulose acetate by factorial experimental design
Authors: Yang D. , Kumar V. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA half‐fraction, two‐level, four‐factor factorial experimental design was used to study the effects of the acetic anhydride concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and sulfuric acid concentration on the degree of substitution, intrinsic viscosity, and yield of oxidized cellulose acetate (OCA). Oxidized cellulose containing 20% (w/w) carboxylic acid was used as the starting material. The data were fitted by multiple regression analysis with SAS software. The correlation coefficients obtained from plots of the predicted and observed values for the degree of substitution, intrinsic viscosity, and yield were 0.985, 0.993, and 0.991, respectively. Residual normal plots of the regression models showed a linear relationship. Lenth and main‐factor‐effect plots revealed an increase in the degree of substitution of OCA with an increasing concentration of acetic anhydride. The latter had no effect on the intrinsic viscosity and yield of OCA. An increase in the reaction temperature led to an increase in the degree of substitution and a decrease in the intrinsic viscosity and yield of OCA. The influence of the reaction time on the degree of substitution and intrinsic viscosity followed a trend similar to that observed with the reaction temperature, but the yield of OCA was unaffected. Increasing the concentration of sulfuric acid reduced the degree of substitution, intrinsic viscosity, and yield of OCA. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 696–705, 2005
Prozesskontrolle bei der Synthese nanoskaliger Partikel
Authors: Sommer R. , Dankers S. , Leipertz A. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractUm den Einfluss unterschiedlicher Prozessparameter bei der großtechnischen Nanopartikelsynthese auf die Bildungs‐ und Wachstumskinetik besser verstehen und kontrollieren zu können, ist es notwendig, neben anderen Produkteigenschaften vor allem die Primärpartikelgröße des jeweiligen Stoffsystems online und in situ zu bestimmen. Eine hierfür geeignete Messmethode stellt prinzipiell die zeitaufgelöste laserinduzierte Glühtechnik (TIRE‐LII) dar, deren Anwendbarkeit zur Nanopartikelcharakterisierung an den verschiedensten großtechnischen Produktionsreaktoren aufgezeigt werden soll. Neben der Prozesskontrolle von Industrierußen soll auch das Potenzial der Messtechnik zur Charakterisierung anderer Nanopartikel näher betrachtet und diskutiert werden. Hierfür wurden sowohl Untersuchungen an einem Niederdruckverdampfungs‐ als auch an einem CO2‐Laserverdampfungsreaktor für unterschiedliche Metalle und Metalloxide durchgeführt.
The clinical significance of malignant pleural effusions in patients with optimally debulked ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Eitan Ram , Levine Douglas A. , Abu‐Rustum Nadeem , Sonoda Yukio , Huh Jae N. , Franklin Corinna C. , Stevens Tobey A. , Barakat Richard R. , Chi Dennis S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to determine the impact of malignant pleural effusions on survival in patients with optimally debulked, advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma.METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective review of all patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma who underwent optimal primary cytoreduction at their institution between January 1987 and August 2000. Survival rates were compared between patients with optimally debulked Stage IIIC epithelial ovarian carcinoma and patients with optimally debulked Stage IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma (according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] staging system) based on cytology‐proven malignant pleural effusions.RESULTSNinety‐nine patients were identified, and 97 of those patients were evaluable. The group with Stage IIIC disease included 76 patients, and the group with Stage IV disease included 21 patients. The median age at diagnosis was 55 years (range, 26–88 years). The majority of patients received platinum‐based chemotherapy after undergoing optimal primary cytoreduction. Age, tumor grade and histology, and the percentage of patients with ascites were similar in the two groups. The median survival rate was 58 months for patients who had Stage IIIC disease and 30 months for patients who had Stage IV disease (P = 0.016).CONCLUSIONSAlthough both groups underwent optimal cytoreduction in the abdomen/pelvis and were treated in a similar fashion, the median survival rate of patients with malignant pleural effusions was significantly shorter than the survival of patients without effusions. Many factors that led to or were manifested by pleural effusions, such as undetected bulky residual intrathoracic disease, may have been the cause for this survival difference. In the patients with effusions, one or more of these contributing factors may have led to the observed decreased survival rate, warranting further investigation. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Screening for psychologic distress in ambulatory cancer patients
Authors: Jacobsen Paul B. , Donovan Kristine A. , Trask Peter C. , Fleishman Stewart B. , Zabora James , Baker Frank , Holland Jimmie C. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDBased on evidence that psychologic distress often goes unrecognized although it is common among cancer patients, clinical practice guidelines recommend routine screening for distress. For this study, the authors sought to determine whether the single‐item Distress Thermometer (DT) compared favorably with longer measures currently used to screen for distress.METHODSPatients (n = 380) who were recruited from 5 sites completed the DT and identified the presence or absence of 34 problems using a standardized list. Participants also completed the 14‐item Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and an 18‐item version of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI‐18), both of which have established cutoff scores for identifying clinically significant distress.RESULTSReceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses of DT scores yielded area under the curve estimates relative to the HADS cutoff score (0.80) and the BSI‐18 cutoff scores (0.78) indicative of good overall accuracy. ROC analyses also showed that a DT cutoff score of 4 had optimal sensitivity and specificity relative to both the HADS and BSI‐18 cutoff scores. Additional analyses indicated that, compared with patients who had DT scores < 4, patients who had DT scores ≥ 4 were more likely to be women, have a poorer performance status, and report practical, family, emotional, and physical problems (P ≤ 0.05).CONCLUSIONSFindings confirm that the single‐item DT compares favorably with longer measures used to screen for distress. A DT cutoff score of 4 yielded optimal sensitivity and specificity in a general cancer population relative to established cutoff scores on longer measures. The use of this cutoff score identified patients with a range of problems that were likely to reflect psychologic distress. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.