bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK LIMBAH BUAH DAN SAYUR TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN JAHE MERAH (Zingiber Oficinale var. Rubrum)
Authors: Herdianto Agung 
Published: October 2023

Kendala yang dihadapi para petani untuk mengembangkan jahe organik adalah produksi yang rendah dan ukuran rimpang yang kecil sehingga harga jahe merosot drastis serta menurunkan kualitas eksport. Karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai budidaya jahe secara organik dengan memanfaatkan sampah sayuran dan buah dan dicari perlakuan yang tepat sehingga dapat mengatasi masalah tersebut serta dapat meningkatkan produksi jahe organik dan sebagai langkah dalam mengurangi tumpukan sampah yang mencemari lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunanakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. 5 perlakuan tersebut diantaranya kontrol, organik padat 200 mg, organik padat 250 mg, organik cair 250 mL dan organik cair 300 mL. Parameter produktifitas yang di ukur adalah panjang rimpang (cm) dan berat rimpang (gr). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis Oneway (ANOVA) pada taraf signifikasi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik cair berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat rimpang jahe merah yakni pada perlakuan organik 300 ml. Pemberian pupuk organik padat berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat rimpang yakni pada perlakuan organik cair 300 mg memberikan hasil yang paling bagus diikuti dengan pemberian perlakuan 250 mg, namun pemberian pupuk organik padat tidak berpengaruh terhadap panjang rimpang jahe merah.
Ruptured brainstem arteriovenous malformation associated with a thalamoperforating artery aneurysm arising from the P1 segment of the right posterior cerebral artery: illustrative case
Authors: Hirata Yoshihito , Okawa Masakazu , Ishii Akira , Abekura Yu , Mori Hisae , Kikuchi Takayuki , Yamao Yukihiro , Miyamoto Susumu , Arakawa Yoshiki 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND
Cerebral aneurysms of perforating arteries are rare and can be difficult to detect on computed tomography angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography. Treatment is challenging and associated with a significant risk of morbidity. Endovascular treatment of a thalamoperforating artery (TPA) aneurysm within the midbrain has not previously been reported.

OBSERVATIONS
A 13-year-old girl with no previous medical history presented with unconsciousness and anisocoria. Head computed tomography showed a right midbrain hemorrhage. CTA showed a midbrain arteriovenous malformation fed by a TPA aneurysm arising from the P1 segment of the right posterior cerebral artery. The feeder had a small distal aneurysm, which increased in size over time. Endovascular embolization was then performed.

LESSONS
Cerebral aneurysms of perforating arteries are rare and can be difficult to treat. This is the first report of the endovascular treatment of a TPA aneurysm within the midbrain. Understanding the individual patient’s brainstem perforator anatomy and the associated blood flow is essential before occluding a TPA aneurysm to avoid causing ischemia or infarction. Arteriovenous malformation embolization within the brainstem should be avoided because of interperforator anastomoses.
Microsurgical resection of a ruptured intraventricular arteriovenous malformation in a neonate: considerations in management. Illustrative case
Authors: Stone Lauren , Colliander Reid , LoPresti Melissa A , Shaibani Ali , Lam Sandi 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are the most common cause of intracranial hemorrhage in children, although they are rarer in neonates. Age, location, lesion architecture, and rupture status define treatment options. Sparse literature exists to guide the management of clinically symptomatic intraventricular AVM rupture in neonates. We highlight the case of a neonate with a ruptured intraventricular AVM to showcase considerations in treatment, discuss surgical technique, and help guide management.

OBSERVATIONS
An 18-day-old female presented with lethargy in extremis and was found to have new intraventricular hemorrhage. Angiogram revealed a Spetzler-Martin grade 2 AVM with a right posterior choroidal feeder and deep venous drainage within the ventricle. Her age limited radiosurgical and endovascular interventions. She underwent an interhemispheric, transcollosal, intraventricular approach for complete AVM resection. Perioperative care was managed by a multidisciplinary team, successfully mitigating the patient’s high risk of hemovascular collapse.

LESSONS
Stereotactic radiosurgery, endovascular embolization, and microsurgery are options for AVM obliteration, and multimodal therapy must be tailored to the lesion and patient. Conservative management can also be considered. Each intervention carries risks and varying likelihoods of success. Balancing these outcomes is challenging without definitive, high-quality, evidence-based guidance. The best treatment maximizes the chance of AVM obliteration while minimizing morbidity.
A New Tool for Computer Assisted Paleography: The Digital Analysis of Syriac Handwriting Project
Authors: Penn Michael , Abraham Vijoy , Bailey Scott , Broadwell Peter , Crouser R. Jordan , Rosa Javier de la , Howe Nicholas , Wiles Simon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Over the last nine years, a forty-seven-person digital humanities project has explored the feasibility of computer assisted paleography for Syriac. That is, could one use big data, visual analytics, and recent advances in the digital analysis of handwriting to better understand Syriac manuscripts and Syriac manuscript culture? Last June we launched the public-facing part of our project titled the “Digital Analysis of Syriac Handwriting” or DASH (dash.Stanford.edu). DASH consists of digital page images from 90% of the world’s surviving Syriac manuscripts securely dated to before the twelfth century, as well as 90,000 individually trimmed letters from these manuscripts. In addition to introducing this tool to scholars of Syriac, this article presents a series of novel visualization tools that can also serve as a starting point for digital paleography projects in other linguistic traditions.
The Chronological Development of Adjectives in –aya up to 725
Authors: Brock Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Whereas early Syriac writers make only a restricted use of adjectives in -aya, in seventh-century authors large numbers are to be found. The present contribution aims to chart this development by providing an alphabetical listing of these forms and their attestation both in Syriac authors and in translations from Greek.
The Text of Acts in MS Bibl. Nationale Syr. 30
Authors: Mcconaughy Daniel L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper extends Andreas Juckel’s important 2009 article, “Research on the Old Syriac Heritage of the Peshitta Gospels: A Collation of MS Bibl. Nationale Syr. 30” (Hugoye 12.1, 41-115). The research herein is based on collating the text of Acts contained in this noteworthy Syriac Biblical manuscript against the standard Peshitta text and forty-two other Peshitta manuscripts and more than one hundred fifty Syriac patristic sources. The collations show that the text of Acts in BNS30 has approximately 230 non-orthographic variant readings, of which 117 are unique variants not found in other Peshitta, Harklean or Christian Palestinian Aramaic MSS of Acts. There are approximately 51 agreements with the Harklean version. This paper shows that the statistical textual profile of Acts in MS Bibl. Nationale Syr. 30 is consistent with Juckel’s findings regarding the Gospel text of this manuscript. It also provides analyses of selected readings and a complete collation of the manuscript.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF METAPHOR AND SCIENTISTS OPINION ABOUT ITS EXISTENCE IN ARABIC AND AL-QURAN AL-KARIM / تطور المجاز وآراء العلماء عن وجوده في اللغة العربية والقرآن الكريم
Authors: Fahmi Muhammad Danial , Hasyim Mohamad Yusuf Ahmad 
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the metaphor’s development and scientists opinion about its existence in Arabic and Al Quran. Studying metaphor in rhetoric discourse is important because it is related to Al Quran's stylistic and metaphor is a part of it. It is undeniable that metaphor evolved from the beginning of its emergence. Furthermore, experts argued on the existence of metaphor. The type of this research was literature review. The data in this research were obtained from relevant references. The results indicate that metaphor is part of language use. The first person to use metaphor was Abu Ubaidah Muammar Al Mutsanna. This term was developed by Al Jurjani who classified metaphor into majaz lughawi and majaz aqliy. Experts also argued on the existence of metaphor in Al Qur’an and Arabic. According to some of them, metaphor is not entirely included in the Qur’an.. Others claim that metaphor appears in the Qur'an and Arabic. Because the existence of metaphor is particularly significant in the meaning of language, the researcher choose the majority opinion that metaphor can be found in the Qur'an and Arabic.
Tolerance and Cultural Diversity Discourses in Greece
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna , Kokkali Ifigeneia 
Published: October 2023

<p>ACCEPT PLURALISM is a Research Project, funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Program. The project investigates whether European societies have become more or less tolerant during the past 20 years. In particular, the project aims to clarify: (a) how is tolerance defined conceptually, (b) how it is codified in norms, institutional arrangements, public policies and social practices, (c) how tolerance can be measured (whose tolerance, who is tolerated, and what if degrees of tolerance vary with reference to different minority groups). The ACCEPT PLURALISM consortium conducts original empirical research on key issues in school life and in politics that thematise different understandings and practices of tolerance. Bringing together empirical and theoretical findings, ACCEPT PLURALISM generates a State of the Art Report on Tolerance and Cultural Diversity in Europe, a Handbook on Ideas of Tolerance and Cultural Diversity in Europe, a Tolerance Indicators’ Toolkit where qualitative and quantitative indicators may be used to score each country’s performance on tolerating cultural diversity, and several academic publications (books, journal articles) on Tolerance, Pluralism and Cultural Diversity in Europe. The ACCEPT PLULARISM consortium is formed by 18 partner institutions covering 15 EU countries. The project is hosted by the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies and co-ordinated by Prof. Anna Triandafyllidou. </p>
Biological Characteristics of Beauveria majiangensis Strain MJ1015 and Optimization of Solid Medium Technology for Sporulation
Authors: Wang Xinghong , Huang Zhenxing , Li Congchun , Liu Man , Yang Guangming , Luo Lilin , Rao Yongchao , Shen Yan , Wang Jing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria majiangensis strain MJ1015, recently isolated from white grubs on a blueberry farm in Guizhou, China, could be used as a biocontrol agent. As a first step toward determining the effect of different solid culture media, temperature, and pH on colony growth rate and sporulation, we evaluated the optimum solid medium for mycelial growth and conidia production on a commercial scale. Subsequently, we also used single-factor analysis and response surface optimization to optimize the composition of the solid culture medium. On potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, MJ1015 grew fastest and produced the highest spore yield at 29°C and pH 5. The best solid medium for the growth and sporulation of strain MJ1015 comprised 64.70 g/l of rice, 13.00 g/l of wheat, 0.30 g/l of NaNO3, 0.36 g/l of K2HPO4 · 3H2O, and 1.00 g/l of CaCO3. Rice, NaNO3, and K2HPO4 · 3H2O were the main influencing factors. The predicted value of cultured spores using the optimal medium was 4.56 x 1010 conidia/l. The validation test results showed that the average growth rate of strain MJ1015 on the optimal medium was 85% and 96% faster than that on Sabouraud dextrose agar with yeast extracts medium (SDAY) and PDA, respectively. Sporulation was 43.90 times and 9.65 times of that produced on SDAY and PDA, respectively. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the commercial production of B. majiangensis to control white grubs.
Kajian viabilitas benih sorgum (Sorghum bicolor [L] Moench.) varietas numbu dan UPCA-S2 akibat pengusangan dipercepat maupun periode simpan alami
Authors: Herawati Ni Made , Pramono Eko , Kamal Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

Kemunduran benih dapat terjadi akibat lamanya periode penyimpanan atau pengusangan cepat. Viabilitas benih akan lebih rendah karena meningkatnya kemunduran benih. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan viabilitas benih sorgum varietas Numbu dan UPCA-S2, karena periode simpan alami dan karena pengusangan cepat. Intensitas pengusangan cepat adalah meningkatnya konsentrasi larutan etanol. Sebagian benih disimpan di dalam ruangan bersuhu 27,3 ± 0,9 ?C dan viabilitasnya diamati secara berkala setiap dua bulan hingga 6 bulan. Sebagian benih sorgum lainnya diperlakukan dengan melembabkannya dalam larutan etanol dengan peningkatan konsentrasi 0, 4, 8, dan 12%, masing-masing selama 24 jam. Periode simpan alami dan juga perlakuan intensitas pengusangan cepat berpengaruh secara signifikan (P <0,01) pada persentase kecambah normal dan kecepatan perkecambahan. Viabilitas benih kedelai Numbu maupun UPCA-S2 menurun secara signifikan pada perlakuan pengusangan cepat dengan konsentrasi etanol 8%, juga pada perlakuan periode penyimpanan dua bulan.
Seed deterioration can occur by the length of the storage period or accelerated aging. The viability of seeds will be lower due to increasing seed deterioration. This experiment aimed to compare the viability of the seeds of two varieties of sorghum, Numbu, and UPCA-S2, due to the natural storage period and due to accelerated aging. The intensity of aging was the increasing concentration of ethanol solution. Some seeds were stored in a room with a temperature of 27,3 ± 0,9?C, and their viability was observed periodically every 2 months up to 6 months. Some other sorghum seeds were treated by moisturizing them in ethanol solution with increasing concentrations, 0, 4, 8, and 12%, each for 24 hours. Seed viability was observed at each end of the rapid aging treatment. The storage period and the intensity of aging treatment significantly (P<0,01) reduced the percentage of normal seedling and germination speed. The viability of Numbu soybean seeds and UPCA-S2 decreased significantly in the accelerated aging treatment with 8% ethanol concentration, also in the two-month storage period treatment.
Ekstraksi pektin dari kulit buah pisang cavendish (Musa acumminata Cavendish)
Authors: Nurhayati Anis 
Published: October 2023

Senyawa pektin umumnya ada dalam dinding sel utama tumbuhan, terutama di sela-sela antara selulosa dan hemiselulosa, fungsi pektin dalam dinding sel tumbuhan sebagai pengikat antara dinding sel. Industri yang biasanya menggunakan Pektin yaitu industri makanan, minyak dan farmasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memanfaatkan limbah kulit pisang cavendish (Musa acumminata Cavendish) sebagai alternative sumber pektin. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor, normalitas HCl 0,01N, 0,05N, 0,10N dan waktu ekstraksi 60, 90, 120 menit, ekstraksi dilakukan pada suhu 90°C tahap selanjutnya penyaringan, filtrat yang diperoleh didinginkan dan ditambahkan etanol untuk mengendapkan pektin, kemudian dikeringkan untuk mendapatkan pektin kering. Parameter yang diamati; kemurnian pektin, rendemen pektin dan kadar air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pektin dengan kemurnian tertinggi 90,8% dari ekstraksi HCl 0,05N dengan waktu 60 menit. Kemurnian pektin terendah 84,07% dari ekstraksi HCl 0,01N dengan waktu 120 menit. Rendemen pektin tertinggi dari ekstraksi HCl 0,05N waktu ekstraksi 90 menit, yaitu 4.57% dan Rendemen pektin terendah dari ekstraksi HCl 0,01 N waktu ekstraksi 60 dan 120 menit, yaitu 3.11 %. Semua perlakuan ekstraksi terdapat interaksi dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap kemurnian pektin dan Rendemen pektin, namun tidak ada pengaruh nyata pada kadar air pektin.
Pectin compounds are generally present in the primary cell walls of plants, especially on the sidelines between cellulose and hemicellulose, pectin functions in plant cell walls as a binder between cell walls. Pectin is used in the food, oil, and pharmaceutical industries. The purpose of this study was to utilize Cavendish banana peel waste (Musa acumminata Cavendish) as an alternative source of pectin. The methodology used in this study was factorial randomized block design (RAK) with 2 factors, normality of HCl 0.01N, 0.05N, 0.10N and extraction time of 60.90, 120 minutes, the extraction was carried out at a temperature of 90°C, the next stage was filtering, the filtrate obtained is cooled, and ethanol is added to precipitate the pectin, then dried to obtain dry pectin. Parameters observed; pectin purity, pectin yield, and water content. The results showed pectin with the highest purity, 90.8%, from 0.05N HCl extraction with a time of 60 minutes. The lowest pectin purity was 84.07% from 0.01N HCl extraction within 120 minutes. The highest pectin yield from 0.05 N HCl extraction with 90 minutes extraction time, which is 4.57%, and the lowest pectin yield from 0.01 N HCl extraction with 60 and 120 minutes extraction time, which is 3.11%. All extraction treatments had an interaction and significant effect on pectin purity and pectin yield, but there was no significant effect on pectin moisture content.
In vivo characterization of 3D-printed polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite scaffolds with Voronoi design to advance the concept of scaffold-guided bone regeneration
Authors: Laubach Markus , Herath Buddhi , Bock Nathalie , Suresh Sinduja , Saifzadeh Siamak , Dargaville Bronwin L. , McGovern Jacqui , Wille Marie-Luise , Hutmacher Dietmar W. , Medeiros Savi Flavia 
Published: October 2023

Graphical Abstractpartially created with BioRender.com.
Response mechanisms to acid stress promote LF82 replication in macrophages
Authors: Yao Ting , Huang Yu , Huai Zimeng , Liu Xingmei , Liu Xiaowen , Liu Yutao , Sun Hao , Pang Yu 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAdherent–invasive E. coli (AIEC) LF82 is capable of adhering to and invading intestinal epithelial cells, as well as replicating within macrophages without inducing host cell death.MethodsWe compared the transcriptomics of LF82 at pH=7.5 and pH=5.8 by RNA-sequencing, and qRT-PCR verified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The deletion mutants of DEGs in the treatment group (pH=5.8) compared to the control group (pH=7.5) were constructed by λ recombinant. The replication differences between the mutants and WT infected Raw 264.7 at 24 h.p.i were analyzed by combining LB solid plate count and confocal observation. NH4Cl and chloroquine diphosphate (CQ) were used for acid neutralization to study the effect of pH on the replication of LF82 in macrophages. Na2NO3 was added to RPMI 1640 to study the effect of nitrate on the replication of LF82 in macrophages. 0.3% solid LB was used for flagellar motility assay and Hela was used to study flagellar gene deletion mutants and WT adhesion and invasion ability.ResultsIn this study, we found that infection with LF82 results in acidification of macrophages. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that an intracellular acidic environment is necessary for LF82 replication. Transcriptome and phenotypic analysis showed that high expression of acid shock genes and acid fitness genes promotes LF82 replication in macrophages. Further, we found that the replication of LF82 in macrophages was increased under nitrate treatment, and nitrogen metabolism genes of LF82 were upregulated in acid treatment. The replication in macrophages of ΔnarK, ΔnarXL, ΔnarP, and Δhmp were decreased. In addition, we found that the expression of flagellar genes was downregulated in acidic pH and after LF82 invading macrophages. Motility assay shows that the movement of LF82 on an acidic semisolid agar plate was limited. Further results showed that ΔfliC and ΔfliD decreased in motility, adhesion ability, and invasion of host cells, but no significant effect on replication in macrophages was observed.ConclusionIn this study, we simulated the acidic environment in macrophages, combined with transcriptome technology, and explained from the genetic level that LF82 promotes replication by activating its acid shock and fitness system, enhancing nitrate utilization, and inhibiting flagellar function.
Left ventricular dyssynchrony measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance-feature tracking in anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction: relationship with microvascular occlusion myocardial damage
Authors: Sun Zheng , Wang Yu , Hu Yingying , Wu Fang , Zhang Nan , Liu Zhi , Lu Jie , Li Kuncheng 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesCardiovascular magnetic resonance-feature tracking (CMR-FT) enables quantification of myocardial deformation and may be used as an objective measure of myocardial involvement in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We sought to investigate the associations between myocardial dyssynchrony parameters and myocardium damage for STEMI.MethodsWe analyzed 65 patients (45–80 years old) with anterior STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention during 3–7 days [observational (STEMI) group] and 60 healthy volunteers [normal control (NC) group]. Myocardial dyssynchrony parameters were derived, including global and regional strain, radial rebound stretch and displacement, systolic septal time delay, and circumferential stretch.ResultsCMR characteristics, including morphologic parameters such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (45.3% ± 8.2%) and myocardium damage in late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) (19.4% ± 4.7% LV), were assessed in the observation group. The global radial strain (GRS) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) substantially decreased in anterior STEMI compared with the NC group (GRS: 19.4% ± 5.1% vs. 24.8% ± 4.0%, P &lt; 0.05; GLS: −10.1% ± 1.7% vs. −13.7% ± 1.0%, P &lt; 0.05). Among 362 infarcted segments, radial and circumferential peak strains of the infarcted zone were the lowest (14.4% ± 3.2% and −10.7% ± 1.6%, respectively). The radial peak displacement of the infarct zone significantly decreased (2.6 ± 0.4 mm) (P &lt; 0.001) and manifested in the circumferential displacement (3.5° ± 0.7°) in the STEMI group (P &lt; 0.01). As microvascular occlusion (MVO) was additionally present, some strain parameters were significantly impaired in LGE+/MVO+ segments (radial strain [RS]: 12.2% ± 2.1%, circumferential strain [CS]: −9.6% ± 0.7%, longitudinal strain [LS]: −6.8% ± 1.0%) compared to LGE+/MVO− (RS: 14.6% ± 3.2%, CS: −10.8% ± 1.8%, LS: −9.2% ± 1.3%) (P &lt; 0.05). When the extent of transmural myocardial infarction is greater than 75%, the parameter of the systolic septal delay (mean, 148 ms) was significantly reduced compared to fewer degrees of infarction (P &lt; 0.01).ConclusionIn anterior STEMI, the infarcted septum swings in a bimodal mode, and myocardial injury reduces the radial strain contractility. A more than 75% transmural degree was the septal strain-contraction reserve cut-off point.