bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, structural analysis, and gas-adsorption properties of a dibenzothiophene-based hydroxamate/zinc metal-organic framework
Authors: Sugamata Koh , Kobayashi Sho , Shirai Akihiro , Amanokura Natsuki , Minoura Mao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report the mixed-ligand synthesis of a novel hydroxamate/zinc metal-organic framework (MOF) with a dibenzothiophene scaffold. The reaction of dibenzothiophene-3,7-dicarbohydroxamic acid, isonicotinic acid, and zinc nitrate under solvothermal conditions afforded a porous hydroxamate/zinc MOF. The structure and gas-adsorption properties toward N2, H2, CO2, and CH4 of the hydroxamate/zinc MOF were investigated.
Auditory training remodels hippocampus-related memory in adult rats
Authors: Jia Guoqiang , Sun Yutian , An Pengying , Wu Weiwei , Shen Yang , Liu Hui , Shan Ye , Wang Jie , Lai Cora Sau Wan , Schreiner Christoph E , He Hua , Zhou Xiaoming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Consequences of perceptual training, such as improvements in discriminative ability, are highly stimulus and task specific. Therefore, most studies on auditory training-induced plasticity in adult brain have focused on the sensory aspects, particularly on functional and structural effects in the auditory cortex. Auditory training often involves, other than auditory demands, significant cognitive components. Yet, how auditory training affects cognition-related brain regions, such as the hippocampus, remains unclear. Here, we found in female rats that auditory cue-based go/no-go training significantly improved the memory-guided behaviors associated with hippocampus. The long-term potentiations of the trained rats recorded in vivo in the hippocampus were also enhanced compared with the naïve rats. In parallel, the phosphorylation level of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and the expression of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the hippocampus were both upregulated. These findings demonstrate that auditory training substantially remodels the processing and function of brain regions beyond the auditory system, which are associated with task demands.
Toe stimulation improves tactile perception of the genitals
Authors: Liang Xuesong , Lin Jiahui , Zhou Peng , Fu Wenbin , Xu Nenggui , Liu Jianhua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The human body is represented in a topographic pattern in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), and genital representation is displaced below the toe representation. However, the relationship between the representation of the genitals and toe in S1 remains unclear. In this study, tactile stimulation was applied to the big toe in healthy subjects to observe changes in tactile acuity in the unstimulated genital area, abdomen, and metacarpal dorsal. Then tactile stimulation was applied to the right abdomen and metacarpal dorsal to observe changes in tactile acuity in bilateral genitals. The results revealed that tactile stimulation of the big toe led to a reduction in the 2-point discrimination threshold (2PDT) not only in the stimulated big toe but also in the bilateral unstimulated genitals, whereas the bilateral abdomen and metacarpal dorsal threshold remained unchanged. On the other hand, tactile stimulation of the abdomen and metacarpal dorsal did not elicit 2-point discrimination threshold changes in the bilateral genitals. Cortical and subcortical mechanisms have been proposed to account for the findings. One explanation involves the intracortical interaction between 2 adjacent representations. Another possible explanation is that the information content of a specific body part is broadly distributed across the S1. Moreover, exploring the links between human behaviors and changes in the cerebral cortex is of significant importance.
Characterization of glomerular basement membrane components within pediatric glomerular diseases
Authors: Chen Dan , Zhou Xindi , Gan Chun , Yang Qing , Chen Wanbing , Feng Xiaoqian , Zhang Tao , Zhang Li , Dai Lujun , Chen Yaxi , Yang Haiping , Wang Mo , Jiang Wei , Li Qiu 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Disruptions in gene expression associated with the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) could precipitate glomerular dysfunction. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the characterization of GBM components within pediatric glomerular diseases and their potential association with glomerular function necessitates further systematic investigation.

Methods
We conducted a systematic analysis focusing on the pathological transformations and molecular attributes of key constituents within the GBM, specifically Collagen IV α3α4α5, Laminin α5β2γ1, and Integrin α3β1, across prevalent pediatric glomerular diseases.

Results
We observed upregulation of linear expression levels of COL4A3/4/5 and Laminin 5α proteins, along with a partial reduction in the linear structural expression of Podocin in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), encompassing minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), but showing a reduction in IgA nephropathy (IgAN), IgA vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN) and lupus nephritis (LN). Furthermore, our study revealed reductions in Laminin β2γ1 and Integrin α3β1 in both primary and secondary childhood glomerular diseases.

Conclusion
In INS, notably MCD and FSGS, there is a notable increase in the linear expression levels of COL4A3/4/5 and Laminin 5α proteins. In contrast, in IgAN, IgAVN, and LN, there is a consistent reduction in the expression of these markers. Furthermore, the persistent reduction of Laminin β2γ1 and Integrin α3β1 in both primary and secondary childhood glomerular diseases suggests a shared characteristic of structural alterations within the GBM across these conditions.
Worst-Case Analysis of Heapsort, Exactly
Authors: Suchenek Marek A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper completes analysis of the worst-case running time of $ {\tt{Heapsort}}$ measured by the number of comparisons of keys performed while sorting. A derivation of an exact formula for the maximum number of comparisons of keys performed by $ {\tt{Heapsort}} $ on any array of size $ N \geq 2 $ is presented. It is equal to $$ \begin{align}& \nonumber 2(N-1)\lceil \lg N \rceil - 2 ^{\lceil \lg N \rceil +1} - 2 s_2(N) - e_2(N) + \min (\lceil \lg N \rceil, 3) + 5 + c, \end{align} $$ where $s_2(N)$ is the sum of digits of the binary representation of $N$, $e_2(N)$ is the exponent of $2$ in the $N$’s prime factorization and $ c $ is a binary function on the set of positive integers defined by $$ \begin{align}& \nonumber c = \left\{ \begin{array}{@{}ll} 1 \text{ if} \; N \leq 2 ^{\lceil \lg N \rceil} - 4 \\[4pt] 0 \text{ otherwise}. \end{array} \right. \end{align} $$ The above formula allows for deciding, in $ O(N \log N) $ time, if any given $ N $-element array is a worst-case array for $ {\tt{Heapsort}} $. Its proof yields an algorithm for construction, in $ O(N \log N) $ time, of worst-case arrays of arbitrary sizes $ N \geq 2 $ for $ {\tt{Heapsort}} $.
The role of endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria-associated membranes in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Elwakiel Ahmed , Mathew Akash , Isermann Berend 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. The pathomechanisms of DKD are multifactorial, yet haemodynamic and metabolic changes in the early stages of the disease appear to predispose towards irreversible functional loss and histopathological changes. Recent studies highlight the importance of endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria-associated membranes (ER-MAMs), structures conveying important cellular homeostatic and metabolic effects, in the pathology of DKD. Disruption of ER-MAM integrity in diabetic kidneys is associated with DKD progression, but the regulation of ER-MAMs and their pathogenic contribution remain largely unknown. Exploring the cell-specific components and dynamic changes of ER-MAMs in diabetic kidneys may lead to the identification of new approaches to detect and stratify diabetic patients with DKD. In addition, these insights may lead to novel therapeutic approaches to target and/or reverse disease progression. In this review, we discuss the association of ER-MAMs with key pathomechanisms driving DKD such as insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, ER stress, and inflammasome activation and the importance of further exploration of ER-MAMs as diagnostic and therapeutic targets in DKD.
The genome of a globally invasive passerine, the common myna, Acridotheres tristis
Authors: Stuart Katarina C , Johnson Rebecca N , Major Richard E , Atsawawaranunt Kamolphat , Ewart Kyle M , Rollins Lee A , Santure Anna W , Whibley Annabel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In an era of global climate change, biodiversity conservation is receiving increased attention. Conservation efforts are greatly aided by genetic tools and approaches, which seek to understand patterns of genetic diversity and how they impact species health and their ability to persist under future climate regimes. Invasive species offer vital model systems in which to investigate questions regarding adaptive potential, with a particular focus on how changes in genetic diversity and effective population size interact with novel selection regimes. The common myna (Acridotheres tristis) is a globally invasive passerine and is an excellent model species for research both into the persistence of low-diversity populations and the mechanisms of biological invasion. To underpin research on the invasion genetics of this species, we present the genome assembly of the common myna. We describe the genomic landscape of this species, including genome wide allelic diversity, methylation, repeats, and recombination rate, as well as an examination of gene family evolution. Finally, we use demographic analysis to identify that some native regions underwent a dramatic population increase between the two most recent periods of glaciation, and reveal artefactual impacts of genetic bottlenecks on demographic analysis.
Current aspects in the management of esophageal trauma: a systematic review and proportional meta-analysis
Authors: Papaconstantinou Dimitrios , Kapetanakis Emmanouil I , Mylonakis Adam , Davakis Spyridon , Kotidis Efstathios , Tagkalos Evangelos , Rouvelas Ioannis , Schizas Dimitrios 
Published: February 2024

Summary
Trauma-related esophageal injuries (TEIs) are a rare but highly lethal condition. The presentation of TEIs is very diverse depending on the location and mechanism of injury (blunt vs. penetrating), as well as the presence or absence of concurrent injuries. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to delineate the clinical features impacting TEI management. A systematic review of the Medline, Embase, and web of science databases was undertaken for studies reporting on patients with TEIs. A random effects model was employed in the meta-analysis of aggregated data. Eleven studies, incorporating 4605 patients, were included, with a pooled mortality rate of 19% (95% confidence interval (CI) 13–25%). Penetrating injuries were 34% more likely to occur (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.89, P = 0.01), predominantly in the neck compartment. Surgery was employed in 53% of cases (95% CI 32–73%), with 68% of patients having associated injuries (95% CI 43–94%). In terms of choice of surgical repair technique, primary suture repair was most frequently reported, irrespective of injury location. Postoperative drainage was employed in 27% of the cases and was more common following repair of thoracic esophageal injuries. The estimated dependence on mechanical ventilation was 5.91 days (95% CI 5.1–6.72 days), while the length of stay in the intensive care unit averaged 7.89 days (95% CI 7.14–8.65 days). TEIs are uncommon injuries in trauma patients, associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. Open suture repair of ensuing esophageal defects is by large the most employed approach, while stenting may be indicated in carefully selected cases.
Randomized controlled trial of nasogastric tube use after esophagectomy: study protocol for the kinetic trial
Authors: Hedberg Jakob , Sundbom Magnus , Edholm David , Aahlin Eirik Kjus , Szabo Eva , Lindberg Fredrik , Johnsen Gjermund , Førland Dag Tidemann , Johansson Jan , Kauppila Joonas H , Svendsen Lars Bo , Nilsson Magnus , Lindblad Mats , Lagergren Pernilla , Larsen Michael Hareskov , Åkesson Oscar , Löfdahl Per , Mala Tom , Achiam Michael Patrick 
Published: February 2024

Summary
Esophagectomy is a complex and complication laden procedure. Despite centralization, variations in perioparative strategies reflect a paucity of evidence regarding optimal routines. The use of nasogastric (NG) tubes post esophagectomy is typically associated with significant discomfort for the patients. We hypothesize that immediate postoperative removal of the NG tube is non-inferior to current routines. All Nordic Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer centers were invited to participate in this open-label pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT). Inclusion criteria include resection for locally advanced esophageal cancer with gastric tube reconstruction. A pretrial survey was undertaken and was the foundation for a consensus process resulting in the Kinetic trial, an RCT allocating patients to either no use of a NG tube (intervention) or 5 days of postoperative NG tube use (control) with anastomotic leakage as primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints include pulmonary complications, overall complications, length of stay, health related quality of life. A sample size of 450 patients is planned (Kinetic trial: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN39935085). Thirteen Nordic centers with a combined catchment area of 17 million inhabitants have entered the trial and ethical approval was granted in Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Denmark. All centers routinely use NG tube and all but one center use total or hybrid minimally invasive-surgical approach. Inclusion began in January 2022 and the first annual safety board assessment has deemed the trial safe and recommended continuation. We have launched the first adequately powered multi-center pragmatic controlled randomized clinical trial regarding NG tube use after esophagectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction.
Peripheral Joint and Enthesis Involvement in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Symptoms, and Clinical and Ultrasound Findings – A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Vladimirova Nora , Terslev Lene , Attauabi Mohamed , Madsen Gorm , Fana Viktoria , Wiell Charlotte , Døhn Uffe Møller , Bendtsen Flemming , Seidelin Jakob , Burisch Johan , Østergaard Mikkel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Musculoskeletal [MSK] manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] are common and associated with poorer outcomes. Hence, early detection is important to optimally tailor treatment. We aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of inflammatory lesions in peripheral joints and entheses in newly diagnosed IBD patients.

Design
Patients with newly diagnosed IBD from a prospective population-based inception cohort were consecutively included. Data on MSK symptoms were collected by questionnaires and by structured rheumatological interview. Peripheral joints and entheses were assessed clinically and by ultrasound [US], using standardized definitions.

Results
Of 110 included patients (mean age: 42 years, 40% male, 70 with ulcerative colitis [UC], 40 with Crohn’s disease [CD]), a history of ≥1 peripheral musculoskeletal symptom was reported by 49%. Clinical examination revealed peripheral MSK manifestations in 56 [52.3%] patients; 29 [27.1%] had ≥1 tender and/or swollen joints and 49 [45.8%] ≥1 tender entheses. Small peripheral joints were predominantly affected. US found inflammation in ≥1 joint or enthesis in 52 [49.5 %] patients; 29 [27.4 %] had US synovitis in ≥1 joint, while 36 [34%] had US enthesitis. Fibromyalgia classification criteria were fulfilled in seven [7.9%] patients. There was no difference in clinical or US findings between patients with UC and CD, nor between patients with active and inactive IBD.

Conclusion
Half of the patients with newly diagnosed IBD had inflammation in their peripheral joints and/or entheses, documented by rheumatological clinical and US evaluations. This indicates a need for multidisciplinary collaboration to ensure an optimal therapeutic strategy for suppressing inflammation in all disease domains.
Thiopurine Metabolite Shunting in Late Pregnancy Increases the Risk of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy in Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Can be Managed With Split Dosing
Authors: Prentice Ralley , Flanagan Emma , Wright Emily , Prideaux Lani , Connell William , Sparrow Miles , De Cruz Peter , Lust Mark , Hardikar Winita , Goldberg Rimma , Vogrin Sara , Palmer Kirsten , Ross Alyson , Burns Megan , Greeve Tessa , Bell Sally 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
The risk of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy [ICP] is increased in thiopurine-exposed pregnancies. Thiopurine ‘shunting’, with a 6-methylmercaptopurine [MMP] to 6-thioguanine [TGN] ratio of &gt;11, progresses over pregnancy, and may promote ICP development. We aimed to explore the association between thiopurine exposure and ICP, including the hypothesised impact of thiopurine shunting, and identify risk minimisation strategies.

Methods
This prospective multicentre cohort study compared thiopurine and biologic monotherapy-exposed pregnant participants. Disease activity and obstetric outcome data, thiopurine metabolites, bile acids, and transaminases were obtained before conception, in each trimester, at delivery, and postpartum. Thiopurine dose management was at the discretion of the treating physician.

Results
Included were 131 thiopurine and 147 biologic monotherapy-exposed pregnancies. MMP/TGN ratio increased from preconception to third trimester [p &lt;0.01], with approximately 25% of participants shunting in pregnancy. Second trimester split dosing led to a decrease in the median MMP/TGN ratio from 18 (interquartile range [IQR] 6-57) to 3 [IQR 2-3.5] at delivery [p = 0.04]. The risk of ICP was increased in thiopurine-exposed pregnancies (6.7% [7/105] vs 0% [0/112], p &lt;0.001), with all ICP cases occurring in the setting of antenatal thiopurine shunting. Thiopurine dose increases (risk ratio [RR] 8.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.88-34.85, p = 0.005) and shunting in third trimester [6.20, 1.21-30.73, p = 0.028] and at delivery [14.18, 1.62-123.9, p = 0.016] were associated with an increased risk of ICP.

Conclusions
Thiopurine exposure is associated with an increased risk of ICP, particularly following dose increases antenatally and with shunting in late pregnancy. The latter may be effectively managed with split dosing, although further studies are warranted.
Specific Antibiotics Increase the Risk of Flare-Ups in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results from a Danish Nationwide Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study
Authors: Lo Bobby , Biederman Luc , Rogler Gerhard , Dora Barbara , Kreienbühl Andrea , Vind Ida , Bendtsen Flemming , Burisch Johan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients have a relapsing–remitting disease course, and amongst environmental factors that aggravate the disease course, common drugs aside from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have not been studied in detail. While the microbiome is considered to play a significant role on the disease course, the impact of antibiotics is poorly understood. This study investigated the potential impact of different classes of antibiotics on the course of disease in IBD using the Danish National Patient Registry.

Methods
Danish IBD patients were studied using two nested case-control cohorts exploring associations between antibiotic types and IBD flare-ups, defined as IBD-related hospitalizations and/or high-dose systemic steroid exposure. Multivariate logistic regression and eXtreme Gradient Boosted decision tree [GBDT] machine learning methods evaluated antibiotic risks.

Results
Two cohorts with 15 636 and 5178 patients were analysed for risk of hospitalization and course of steroids, respectively. The risk of a flare-up was significantly increased with antecedent exposure to quinolones (ATC:J01M; odds ratio [OR]: 3.04–3.82), antimycotics [ATC:J02A; OR: 1.50–2.30], agents against amoebiasis and protozoal infections [ATC:P01A; OR: 1.95–3.18], intestinal anti-infectives [ATC:A07A; OR: 2.09–2.32], and beta-lactam antibiotics [ATC:J01C; OR: 1.36]. The GBDT models achieved an area under the curve of 0.71–0.85 for predicting flare-ups, with the same above-mentioned antibiotics being in the ten most important variables.

Conclusion
We found distinctive antibiotics to be significantly associated with an increased risk of IBD flare-ups. Our findings are corroborated by our GBDT machine learning models. Healthcare providers should be aware of the deleterious potential of specific antibiotic groups in patients with IBD only using these agents in a restrictive manner or preferentially consider alternative antibiotic groups.
How international organizations can support the development of cardio-oncology in the Latin American and the Caribbean region
Authors: Peix Amalia , Bazan Manuel , Aguiar Jorge E , Sanchez Jesus , Estrada Enrique , Mendoza Aurelio , Paez Diana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Health problems in the Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) region are highly concentrated on non-communicable diseases, being cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cancer the leading causes of death. Different countries of the region are at different stages of development in addressing CVDs and cancer. Opportunities for training and continuing education in cardio-oncology, as well as active cardio-oncology groups, are primarily limited to large academic institutions in major metropolitan areas. In addition, the development of advanced imaging modalities in LAC faces challenges such as the high cost of equipment, a lack of equipment maintenance and service, as well as insufficient specific training for both imaging specialists and referring clinicians. To contribute to the implementation of actionable strategies ensuring equitable access to care for all, international organizations, such as the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), offer support for the regional development of health projects that address educational needs. In this context, a new IAEA regional cooperation project for LAC titled ‘Strengthening of regional capacities on the use of Nuclear Medicine techniques in a Cardio-oncology multimodality approach in patients with cancer’ will be developed during 2024–2025. The experience of some centres, as well as national experiences in certain countries of the region, that have been previously involved in other regional projects, can be leveraged for the benefit of the entire region. We present a proposed road map for cross-institutional/countries collaboration in the development of cardio-oncology in the LAC region, contributing to decreasing the barriers to the growth of the subspecialty.
Postoperative catheter thrombaspiration to open an occluded right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit in child
Authors: Haddad Raymond N , Gaudin Regis , Bonnet Damien , Malekzadeh-Milani Sophie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report on a 6-year-old girl (18 kg/120 cm) who was diagnosed on day 6 postoperative with an occlusive thrombosis of a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit in the setting of a Ross procedure that was performed for severe native aortic valve insufficiency secondary to late diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis. We applied the Indigo® aspiration system from Penumbra® (Alameda, USA) to mechanically dissolve and remove the thrombus, restore flow, gradually wean from extracorporeal support, and replace the conduit after 4 days. The patient experiences good surgical outcomes at 3 months of follow-up.