bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Inter‐Nanoplatelet Distance and Coupling Strength by Thermally Induced Ligand Decomposition
Authors: Chen Shuai , Al‐Hilfi Samir H. , Chen Guangbo , Zhang Heng , Zheng Wenhao , Virgilio Lucia Di , Geuchies Jaco J , Wang Junren , Feng Xinliang , Riedinger Andreas , Bonn Mischa , Wang Hai I. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) are promising 2D semiconductors for optoelectronic applications, in which efficient charge transport properties are desirable. It is reported that thermal annealing constitutes an effective strategy to control the optical absorption and electrical properties of CdSe NPLs by tuning the inter‐NPL distance. Combining optical absorption, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, it is revealed that the thermal decomposition of ligands (e.g., cadmium myristate) governs the inter‐NPL distance and thus the inter‐NPL electronic coupling strength. Employing ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy, it is shown that this enhanced electronic coupling increases both the free carrier generation efficiency and the short‐range mobility in NPL solids. The results show a straightforward method of controlling the interfacial electronic coupling strength for developing functional optoelectronic devices through thermal treatments.
Telluride‐Based Materials: A Promising Route for High Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Khan Abdul Jabbar , Sajjad Muhammad , Khan Shaukat , Khan Muhammad , Mateen Abdul , Shah Syed Shaheen , Arshid Numan , He Liang , Ma Zeyu , Gao Ling , Zhao Guowei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs supercapacitor (SC) technology continues to evolve, there is a growing need for electrode materials with high energy/power densities and cycling stability. However, research and development of electrode materials with such characteristics is essential for commercialization the SC. To meet this demand, the development of superior electrode materials has become an increasingly critical step. The electrochemical performance of SCs is greatly influenced by various factors such as the reaction mechanism, crystal structure, and kinetics of electron/ion transfer in the electrodes, which have been challenging to address using previously investigated electrode materials like carbon and metal oxides/sulfides. Recently, tellurium and telluride‐based materials have garnered increasing interest in energy storage technology owing to their high electronic conductivity, favorable crystal structure, and excellent volumetric capacity. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental properties and energy storage performance of tellurium‐ and Te‐based materials by introducing their physicochemical properties. First, we elaborate on the significance of tellurides. Next, the charge storage mechanism of functional telluride materials and important synthesis strategies are summarized. Then, research advancements in metal and carbon‐based telluride materials, as well as the effectiveness of tellurides for SCs, were analyzed by emphasizing their essential properties and extensive advantages. Finally, the remaining challenges and prospects for improving the telluride‐based supercapacitive performance are outlined.
Effective gravitational action for 2D massive Majorana fermions on arbitrary genus Riemann surfaces
Authors: Namuduri Manojna , Bilal Adel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We explore the effective gravitational action for two-dimensional massive Euclidean Majorana fermions in a small mass expansion, continuing and completing the study initiated in a previous paper [1]. We perform a detailed analysis of local zeta functions, heat kernels, and Green’s functions of the Dirac operator on arbitrary Riemann surfaces. We obtain the full expansion of the effective gravitational action to all orders in m2. For genus one and larger, this requires the understanding of the role of the zero-modes of the (massless) Dirac operator which is worked out.Besides the Liouville action, at order m0, which only involves the background metric and the conformal factor σ, the various contributions to the effective gravitational action at higher orders in m2 can be expressed in terms of integrals of the renormalized Green’s function at coinciding points of the squared (massless) Dirac operator, as well as of higher Green’s functions. In particular, at order m2, these contributions can be re-written as a term ∫ e2σσ characteristic of the Mabuchi action, much as for 2D massive scalars, as well as several other terms that are multi-local in the conformal factor σ and involve the Green’s functions of the massless Dirac operator and the renormalized Green’s function, but for the background metric only, and certain area-like parameters related to the zero-modes.
No logarithmic corrections to entropy in shift-symmetric Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Authors: Liška Marek , Hennigar Robie A. , Kubizňák David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Employing the covariant phase space formalism, we discuss black hole thermodynamics in four-dimensional scalar-tensor Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We argue that logarithmic corrections to Wald entropy previously reported in this theory do not appear, due to the symmetry of the theory under constant shifts of the scalar field. Instead, we obtain the standard Bekenstein entropy of general relativity. Then, to satisfy the first law of black hole mechanics, the Hawking temperature must be modified. It has been proposed that such temperature modifications occur generically in scalar-tensor theories, due to different propagation speeds of gravitons and photons. We show that the temperature modifications also emerge in the Euclidean canonical ensemble approach to black hole thermodynamics. Notably, the boundary terms of the type we consider here can be considered in any scalar-tensor gravitational theories. Hence, we illustrate that adding a suitable boundary term to action may drastically affect black hole thermodynamics, changing both the entropy and the temperature.
Earlier fall precipitation increases the competitive advantage of non-native plant communities in a desert ecosystem
Authors: Bishop Tara B. B. , Barnes Abigail , Nusink Baylie C. , St. Clair Samuel B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClimate change is likely to influence competitive interactions between native and non-native plant species by altering soil resource availability. The objective of this study was to characterize how shifts in fall precipitation timing due to climate change affect plant community assembly of native and non-native plant communities. We selected common non-native annuals and native perennial species from the Great Basin Desert in western North America and grew them in native, non-native, and native + non-native mixed communities. We tested the responses of these three community types to simulated earlier fall precipitation in a full factorial design. Early fall precipitation dramatically increased the height, density, biomass, seed production per unit biomass, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C:N) of both native and non-native plant communities in comparison with the late precipitation treatment. However, competition with non-native species reduced the positive benefit of early precipitation for the native plant community. When grown in a native-only community, native plant species increased in height (twofold), density (threefold), biomass (13-fold), seed production per unit biomass (18-fold), and C:N (1.3-fold)but not tissue percent nitrogen as compared to a mixed community. In contrast, non-native plant species grown in mixed communities with natives showed little to no reduction in growth and reproduction. While all species benefitted from earlier fall precipitation our data suggest that increased earlier fall precipitation will likely magnify the exclusion of native vegetation by non-native annuals, particularly Bromus tectorum L., which is largely responsible for human-grass-fire cycles in this ecoregion.
Can the Normic de minimis Expected Utility Theory save the de minimis Principle?
Authors: Lundgren Björn , Stefánsson H. Orri 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecently, Martin Smith defended a view he called the “normic de minimis expected utility theory”. The basic idea is to integrate a ‘normic’ version of the de minimis principle into an expected utility-based decision theoretical framework. According to the de minimis principle some risks are so small (falling below a threshold) that they can be ignored. While this threshold standardly is defined in terms of some probability, the normic conception of de minimis defines this threshold in terms of abnormality. In this article, we present three independent arguments against the normic de minimis expected utility theory, focusing on its reliance on the de minimis principle.
Seasonal Effects on the Fecal Microbial Composition of Wild Greater Thick-Tailed Galagos (Otolemur crassicaudatus)
Authors: Long Channen , Scheun Juan , Sauther Michelle Linda , Cuozzo Frank P. , Millette James , Tordiffe Adrian Stephen Wolferstan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBacterial communities present in the host digestive tract are important for the breakdown and absorption of nutrients required by the host. Changes in diet and the environment are major factors affecting the composition and diversity of the fecal microbiome. In addition to changes in ambient temperature and rainfall, primates living in seasonal temperate environments also need to adapt to seasonal changes in food resource quantity and quality. However, there is a lack of information about the fecal microbiome in African strepsirrhines relative to other primate taxa. We examined the effects of seasonal dietary and environmental changes on fecal microbial alpha diversity and composition in wild greater thick-tailed galagos (Otolemur crassicaudatus) at Lajuma Research Centre, South Africa. We collected fecal samples and assessed food availability and weather in summer and winter across 1 year and used 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing to characterise the fecal microbiome of 49 animals. We found significant increases in rainfall, ambient temperature, and food availability in summer compared with winter. However, we found no significant changes in body mass or in the overall diversity of bacterial species present in fecal samples between the two seasons. We found significant decreases in the abundance of certain bacterial families in winter, suggesting a change in diet. Our findings suggest that greater thick-tailed galagos can find food resources to maintain their body mass throughout the year. Our insights into the seasonal fecal microbiome of greater thick-tailed galagos add to the growing knowledge and understanding of fecal microbiomes in primates and how they help primates cope with changes to their environments.
Conceptualizing Care: US and Finnish Caregivers’ Reflections on Caregiving within the Family
Authors: Midgette Allegra J. , Ferreira Juliene Madureira 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present study investigated how 45 US (N = 25) and Finnish (N = 20) familial caregivers of children conceptualized care within the family. Thematic analysis across the 12 focus groups revealed three main themes, including one that explored the culturally shared ideas of care as “Care as meeting a list of present and future needs,” and two themes that were specifically grounded on the participants’ experiences within their own sociohistorical and cultural context: the US theme of “It’s not easy at all” and the Finnish theme of “The evolution of care.” This study’s findings highlight the culturally situated nature of conceptualizing care and provide evidence of the importance of society in supporting caregivers in their conceptualization and practice of care within the family. Future research should investigate how care is not only conceptualized, but also taught and learned across the lifespan, unraveling the processes that influence how care is understood and practiced.
Oxidative stress in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy treated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Cristóbal José Ignacio , Duque Francisco Javier , Usón-Casaús Jesús , Martínez María Salomé , Míguez María Prado , Pérez-Merino Eva María 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe search for new biomarkers in patients with chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is ongoing in the human and veterinary medicine fields. Oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde [MDA], reduced glutathione [GSH], and albumin) have been studied in humans with chronic enteropathies, but among them, only albumin has been studied in dogs with CIE. Moreover, the effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) treatment with or without prednisone on these parameters has never been studied in dogs with CIE. These parameters were compared between healthy dogs (n = 12) and dogs with CIE, and before and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the treatment with MSCs alone (n = 9) or together with prednisone (n = 11). The relationship between the Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (CIBDAI) and oxidative stress was evaluated. Albumin was the only parameter that significantly differed between dogs with CIE and healthy dogs (p = 0,037). Differences were observed only in albumin values after combined treatment with MSCs and prednisone. No differences were observed in MDA and GSH after treatment with MSCs with or without prednisone. Albumin could help stage canine CIE, as well as its prognosis, as has already been demonstrated, although it is essential to evaluate this parameter for its antioxidant capacity, and therefore it could be a good biomarker of oxidative stress in this pathology. However, the treatment with MSCs seems unable to modify any of the analyzed oxidative stress parameters.
SMEs on the way to a circular economy: insights from a multi-perspective review
Authors: Ahmadov Tarlan , Durst Susanne , Gerstlberger Wolfgang , Kraut Elisabeth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe transition to a circular economy (CE) has garnered widespread attention as a solution to address economic, environmental, and social challenges. While large enterprises and policymakers have made steps in adopting CE practices, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face unique challenges due to limited resources and expertise. Understanding the multi-level perspective (MLP) is essential for SMEs to successfully transition to a CE, as it considers factors at the micro, meso, and macro levels. However, current research often focuses on single levels, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon through systematic research. To address this need, this study conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) using the MLP framework to analyse existing research on SMEs' transition to a CE. The study aims to identify macro-, meso-, and micro-level factors, actors, and mechanisms influencing the transition process. The SLR contributes to academic understanding by developing a conceptual model that elucidates the dynamics of the circular transition process within SMEs. Additionally, it provides practical recommendations to support SMEs in navigating the transition successfully. The adoption of the MLP framework empowers SMEs, policymakers, industry associations, and consumers to play their roles effectively in driving the CE transition. While the study acknowledges certain limitations, it opens avenues for future research and enhancement of CE practices in SMEs.
Practice patterns, experiences, and challenges of German oncology health care staff with smoking cessation in patients with cancer: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Bokemeyer Frederike , Lebherz Lisa , Bokemeyer Carsten , Derksen Jeroen W. G. , Schulz Holger , Bleich Christiane 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Often, cancer patients do not receive education about the negative consequences of smoking on the treatment outcome. To support cancer patients in the process of smoking cessation, it is essential to involve oncology staff. This study aims to learn about the experiences and attitudes from the point of view of oncology staff and, thus, how a smoking intervention should be designed. The study aims to engage all oncology staff due to the unclear responsibility for providing smoking cessation education, support, and motivating cancer patients to quit smoking.

Methods
N = 354 German oncology staff (oncologists, nurses, psycho-oncologists, others) filled out a 5-point Likert scale–based questionnaire regarding practices, potential barriers, and attitudes towards smoking cessation between October 2021 and June 2022. The questionnaire was developed by Derksen et al. (2020), translated and slightly modified for the use of this study. It was distributed to all leading oncology staff in our Cancer Center Network with a request to share with all oncology staff. Flyers were also handed out in all oncology wards and outpatient clinics in the same Cancer Center Network.

Results
Most oncology staff ask cancer patients about their current smoking status (curative, M = 2.27; SD = 1.59; palliative, M = 2.90; SD = 1.83), but they rarely treat or refer patients for a smoking cessation intervention (curative, M = 4.78; SD = 1.20; palliative, M = 4.99; SD = 1.06). Smoking behavior of curative cancer patients is addressed more than that of palliative cancer patients (d =  − 37). Regression analyses of key dependent variables showed that profession, setting, and the belief that continued smoking affects treatment outcome explained the variance of asking patients if they smoke, advising to stop smoking and lack of time (without profession).

Conclusion
Involving oncology staff in motivating cancer patients who smoke to quit and referring them to smoking cessation services should take the different attitudes and knowledge of the staff into account to improve treatment that supports tobacco cessation.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Cancer patients have special needs when it comes to a cessation program. In the long term, survivors will benefit from tailored smoking cessation education and services provided by oncology staff to help them quit smoking after a cancer diagnosis.
Distinct Microbial Taxa Are Associated with LDL-Cholesterol Reduction after 12 Weeks of Lactobacillus plantarum Intake in Mild Hypercholesterolemia: Results of a Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Kerlikowsky Felix , Müller Mattea , Greupner Theresa , Amend Lena , Strowig Till , Hahn Andreas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProbiotic microbes such as Lactobacillus may reduce serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum strains CECT7527, CECT7528, and CECT7529 (LP) on the serum lipids, cardiovascular parameters, and fecal gut microbiota composition in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial with 86 healthy adult participants with untreated elevated LDL cholesterol ≥ 160 mg/dl was conducted. Participants were randomly allocated to either placebo or LP (1.2 × 109 CFU/d) for 12 weeks. LDL, HDL, TC, and triglycerides (TG), cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure, arterial stiffness), and fecal gut microbiota composition (16S rRNA gene sequencing) were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Both groups were comparable regarding age, sex, and LDL-C at baseline. LDL-C decreased (mean decrease − 6.6 mg/dl ±  − 14.0 mg/dl, Ptime*group = 0.006) in the LP group but not in the placebo group. No effects were observed on HDL, TG, or cardiovascular parameters or overall gut microbiota composition. Responders to LP intervention (> 5% LDL-C reduction) were characterized by higher BMI, pronounced TC reduction, higher abundance of fecal Roseburia, and lower abundance of Oscillibacter. In conclusion, 12 weeks of L. plantarum intake moderately reduced LDL-C and TC as compared to placebo. LDL-C-lowering efficacy of L. plantarum strains may potentially be dependent on individual difference in the gut microbiota. Trial registration: DRKS00020384, dated 07/01/2020.
Parameterizations of Snow Cover, Snow Albedo and Snow Density in Land Surface Models: A Comparative Review
Authors: Lee Won Young , Gim Hyeon-Ju , Park Seon Ki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSnow plays a vital role in the interaction between land and atmosphere in the state-of-the-art land surface models (LSMs) and the real world. While snow plays a crucial role as a boundary condition in meteorological applications and serves as a vital water resource in certain regions, the acquisition of its observational data poses significant challenges. An effective alternative lies in utilizing simulation data generated by Land Surface Models (LSMs), which accurately calculate the snow-related physical processes. The LSMs show significant differences in the complexities of the snow parameterizations in terms of variables and processes considered. In this regard, the synthetic intercomparisons of the snow physics in the LSMs can give insight for further improvement of each LSM. This study revealed and discussed the differences in the parameterizations among LSMs related to snow cover fraction, albedo, and snow density. We selected the most popular and well-documented LSMs embedded in the earth system models or operational forecasting systems. We examined single-layer schemes, including the Unified Noah Land Surface Model (Noah LSM), the Hydrology Tiled ECMWF Scheme of Surface Exchanges over Land (HTESSEL), the Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme (BATS), the Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS), the University of Torino land surface Process Interaction model in Atmosphere (UTOPIA), and multilayer schemes of intermediate complexity including the Community Noah Land Surface Model with Multi-Parameterization Options (Noah-MP), the Community Land Model version 5 (CLM5), the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), and the Interaction Soil-Biosphere-Atmosphere (ISBA). Through the comparison analysis, we emphasized that inclusion of geomorphic and vegetation-related variables such as elevation, slope, time-varying roughness length, and vegetation indexes as well as optimized parameters for specific regions, in the snow-related physical processes, are crucial for further improvement of the LSMs.
Advocacy and Open Science in the UK: Case Studies in the Autism Wars
Authors: Keenan Mickey , Dillenburger Karola 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndividuals on the autism spectrum experience a wide range of support needs and it comes as no surprise that opinions differ as to the best way to provide necessary supports. Some articulate self-advocates argue that societal acceptance of neurodiversity is the key issue. These views have clashed with those of parents and professionals who advocate for access to evidence-based interventions for profoundly autistic children and adults. The consequences of these kinds of differing opinions are so far-reaching that the term “autism wars” was coined. In this article, we argue that although acceptance of diversity is obviously important, this should include an openness to diverse scientific traditions, especially if lack of such openness limits public policy and adversely affects individuals and families. “Open Science” holds much promise in many fields, but its influence cannot be taken for granted when it comes to evidence-based support practices that are grounded in the science of behavior analysis. Benefiting from open science in autism research requires well-developed advocacy skills. To illustrate, we use case studies from the UK, where advocates of open science have met with intractable obstacles.