bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota and host metabolizing enzymes co‐contribute to pharmacokinetic variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats
Authors: Gong Jupeng , Yang Li , Su Qiaoling , Zhong Weizhi , Xiao Jianbo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic difference of quercetin between normal and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Our results showed that the mean residence time and half time were significantly increased, while the peak concentration was significantly reduced in T2DM rats, compared to the control rats. In addition, quercetin remained a high concentration in the liver for a long time with the highest concentration (13.51 ± 4.66 μg/mL) at 4 h after oral administration in T2DM rats. Furthermore, the CYP3A4 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were downregulated and UGT1A1 mRNA levels in liver were upregulated in T2DM rats. In addition, the relative abundances of Bacteroides, norank, Parabacteroides, and Alistipes were decreased, while the relative abundances of Acrococcus, Frisingicoccus, Romboutsia, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 were increased in the T2DM rats. The metabolism of quercetin in T2DM rats was slower compared to the normal group, which may be related to the lower level of CYP3A4 and the higher level of UGT1A1 in T2DM, as well as the significant enrichment of Acrococcus and other bacteria in the gut of T2DM rats.
Natural bioactive compounds as potential sources for alleviation and treatment of androgenetic alopecia: A research advance
Authors: Fang Chao , Yang Haixia , Hui Junfeng , Fan Daidi , Deng Jianjun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlopecia is a common chronic skin disease, which can be categorized as androgenetic alopecia (AGA), scarring line alopecia, genetic alopecia, and chemical alopecia due to the different reasons. Among which AGA caused by metabolism of the androgen system accounts for the majority. Due to the high prevalence of AGA and the lack of an effective cure, the urgent search for a safe and effective anti‐AGA drug has been our aim. With the advantages of its own wide source and low toxicity and side effects, the use of natural bioactive compounds and their extracts in the treatment of AGA has been a research hotspot. The objective of this work is to compile and synthesize experimental findings on natural bioactive compounds that possess the potential to alleviate AGA. On the basis of the known pathogenesis of AGA, combined with the target analysis of AGA by network pharmacology, identify natural bioactive compounds and their signaling pathways for the treatment of alopecia and hair growth promotion, and select representative hotspot compounds, to reveal their specific mechanisms and abstract the commonalities. Based on previous extensive research, hundreds of AGA targets (e.g., Wnt, TGF, and VEGF) closely regulate neogenesis, tissue development, and vascular function, to collect and summarize compounds such as ginseng, baicalein, curcumin, and so on, which have great potential to improve hair growth. Our work will inspire future research based on their mechanisms of action, providing more complete evidence and ideas for the feasibility of developing natural anti‐AGA drugs.
Quercetin ameliorates hyperuricemic nephropathy by repressing uric acid synthesis and reabsorption in mice and cells
Authors: Li Wenhui , Chen Xuerui , Li Feng , Huiyao Zhang , Song Zunyang , Li Dapeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHyperuricemia as one of the key factors for gout, and quercetin could reduce the uric acid (UA) content. However, the mechanism of quercetin reduces UA content is still uncovered. Herein, we found quercetin can reduce UA content, induce antioxidant enzyme activity, inhibit the enzyme activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) in hyperuricemia mice. Moreover, the UA reabsorption was also significantly reduced in the kidney and the kidney inflammation was alleviated by quercetin in hyperuricemia mice. Meanwhile, the protein level of ATP‐binding cassette super‐family G member 2 (ABCG2) was markedly induced and the protein levels of urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) were significantly repressed by quercetin in hyperuricemia mice and HK‐2 cells and by quercetin‐3‐O‐glucuronide in HK‐2 cells. Additionally, the docking mode indicated that quercetin is stable bound to the active site of XOD. Overall, the data reveal that quercetin alleviates hyperuricemia by repressing the activity of XOD, reducing the UA absorption via enhancing ABCG2 expression, and repressing URAT1 and GLUT9 expression.
Heart failure during acute coronary syndrome and the long‐term cancer risk: the ABC‐9† Study on heart disease
Authors: Mahmoud Heba T. , Berton Giuseppe , Cordiano Rocco , Palmieri Rosa , Merotto David , Menegon Francesco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsA higher risk of cancer among patients with heart failure (HF) has been suggested in recent community‐based studies. This study aimed to investigate the impact of HF during hospitalization with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) on the long‐term cancer risk.Methods and resultsThe study included 572 patients admitted with ACS to three Italian hospitals, discharged cancer‐free, and prospectively followed for 24 years or until death. All but three patients completed the follow‐up, which represented 6440 person‐years (mean age: 66 ± 12 years; 70% males). Baseline HF was diagnosed in 192 (34%) patients. A total of 129 (23%) patients developed cancer (103 without HF and 26 with HF), and 107 (19%) patients died due to it (81 without HF and 26 with HF). The incidence rates for cancer onset and cancer death were not different according to HF status. Cox regression analysis revealed no association between HF or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cancer risk. In addition, no difference in cancer risk was observed among patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction, HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction, and HF with reduced ejection fraction. In competing risk regression analysis, the risk of cancer onset associated with HF was sub‐hazard ratio (SHR) 0.47 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30–0.72; P = 0.001] and SHR 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04; P = 0.002) with LVEF. Results were the same in the adjusted model. Yet the fully adjusted model showed an attenuated association between cancer death and HF (SHR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.37–1.05; P = 0.08) and LVEF (SHR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.99–1.06; P = 0.08). Consistent results were obtained after using propensity score matching analysis that created 192 pairs. A negative interaction between age and HF and a positive interaction between age and LVEF for cancer risk have also been found.ConclusionsAn inverse association between baseline HF and long‐term cancer risk has been observed among the ABC Study on heart disease patients who were followed for 24 years after ACS.
Isolable Dipyrromethene‐Based Heavier Group 14 and 15 Element Complexes
Authors: Bao Qidi , Dai Yuyang , Liu Chen , Liu Xiaona , Xiao Jing , Xu Daqian , Su Yuanting 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBoron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) have attracted much attention owing to their unique properties and widespread applications; however, the incorporation of the heavier group 14 and 15 elements in the rigid dipyrromethene ligands remains limited. Herein, the dipyrromethene‐based heavier group 14 and 15 element complexes, tin‐dipyrromethene (SNDIPY, 1) and arsenic‐dipyrromethene (ASDIPY, 2), which are direct analogues of BODIPY, have been facilely synthesized and isolated in moderate yields. Both compounds have been investigated by NMR, UV‐vis absorption, photoluminescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammogram, X‐ray crystallography, as well as theoretical studies. Both compounds exhibit green photoluminescence. Notably, SNDIPY 1 is air‐stable and compound 2 represents the first isolable and structurally characterized ASDIPY.
Commentary regarding “An entropy model for Carreau nanofluid ciliary flow with electroosmosis and thermal radiations: A numerical study”
Authors: Pantokratoras Asterios 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA serious error exists in the paper: Alharbi KAM, Riaz A, Sikandar S. An entropy model for Carreau nanofluid ciliary flow with electroosmosis and thermal radiations: a numerical study. Electrophoresis. 2024;45:1112–1129.
Forecasting realized volatility of crude oil futures prices based on machine learning
Authors: Luo Jiawen , Klein Tony , Walther Thomas , Ji Qiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExtending the popular HAR model with additional information channels to forecast realized volatility of WTI futures prices, we show that machine learning‐generated forecasts provide better forecasting quality and that portfolios that are constructed with these forecasts outperform their competing models resulting in economic gains. Analyzing the selection process, we show that information channels vary across forecasting horizon. Variable selection produces clusters and provides evidence that there are structural changes with regard to the significance of information channels.
Interdisciplinary optimisation of injection methods in the construction lot H52 BBT
Authors: Burger Ulrich , Hofmann Matthias , Leitner Stefan , Voringer Jürgen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor the excavation of a hydrogeologically important section of the Brenner Base Tunnel (BBT), intensive injection works before excavation are necessary. The main objective of an interdisciplinary working group is to optimise these injections during the construction phase. The so‐called Hochstegen zone comprises two water‐bearing zones. The first zone, consisting of porous, metamorphic Triassic rocks, requires fine granular injection mediums, injections with maximum rates of 20 l/min and cementitious and chemical injection materials. The second zone, a water‐bearing zone in the Jurassic Hochstegen marble with micro‐karstic solution elements, requires a high volume injection method with maximum rates of approximately 500 l/min and an injection mortar with high density (2.3 t/m3).
Mapping the functional and structural connectivity of the scene network
Authors: Watson David M. , Andrews Timothy J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe recognition and perception of places has been linked to a network of scene‐selective regions in the human brain. While previous studies have focussed on functional connectivity between scene‐selective regions themselves, less is known about their connectivity with other cortical and subcortical regions in the brain. Here, we determine the functional and structural connectivity profile of the scene network. We used fMRI to examine functional connectivity between scene regions and across the whole brain during rest and movie‐watching. Connectivity within the scene network revealed a bias between posterior and anterior scene regions implicated in perceptual and mnemonic aspects of scene perception respectively. Differences between posterior and anterior scene regions were also evident in the connectivity with cortical and subcortical regions across the brain. For example, the Occipital Place Area (OPA) and posterior Parahippocampal Place Area (PPA) showed greater connectivity with visual and dorsal attention networks, while anterior PPA and Retrosplenial Complex showed preferential connectivity with default mode and frontoparietal control networks and the hippocampus. We further measured the structural connectivity of the scene network using diffusion tractography. This indicated both similarities and differences with the functional connectivity, highlighting biases between posterior and anterior regions, but also between ventral and dorsal scene regions. Finally, we quantified the structural connectivity between the scene network and major white matter tracts throughout the brain. These findings provide a map of the functional and structural connectivity of scene‐selective regions to each other and the rest of the brain.
Probabilistic coverage of the frontal aslant tract in young adults: Insights into individual variability, lateralization, and language functions
Authors: Linn Wen‐Jieh , Barrios‐Martinez Jessica , Fernandes‐Cabral David , Jacquesson Timothée , Nuñez Maximiliano , Gomez Ricardo , Anania Yury , Fernandez‐Miranda Juan , Yeh Fang‐Cheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe frontal aslant tract (FAT) is a crucial neural pathway of language and speech, but little is known about its connectivity and segmentation differences across populations. In this study, we investigate the probabilistic coverage of the FAT in a large sample of 1065 young adults. Our primary goal was to reveal individual variability and lateralization of FAT and its structure–function correlations in language processing. The study utilized diffusion MRI data from 1065 subjects obtained from the Human Connectome Project. Automated tractography using DSI Studio software was employed to map white matter bundles, and the results were examined to study the population variation of the FAT. Additionally, anatomical dissections were performed to validate the fiber tracking results. The tract‐to‐region connectome, based on Human Connectome Project‐MMP parcellations, was utilized to provide population probability of the tract‐to‐region connections. Our results showed that the left anterior FAT exhibited the most substantial individual differences, particularly in the superior and middle frontal gyrus, with greater variability in the superior than the inferior region. Furthermore, we found left lateralization in FAT, with a greater difference in coverage in the inferior and posterior portions. Additionally, our analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the left FAT inferior coverage area and the performance on the oral reading recognition (p = .016) and picture vocabulary (p = .0026) tests. In comparison, fractional anisotropy of the right FAT exhibited marginal significance in its correlation (p = .056) with Picture Vocabulary Test. Our findings, combined with the connectivity patterns of the FAT, allowed us to segment its structure into anterior and posterior segments. We found significant variability in FAT coverage among individuals, with left lateralization observed in both macroscopic shape measures and microscopic diffusion metrics. Our findings also suggested a potential link between the size of the left FAT's inferior coverage area and language function tests. These results enhance our understanding of the FAT's role in brain connectivity and its potential implications for language and executive functions.
Retropharyngeal abscess due to Fusobacterium necrophorum complicated by progressive internal carotid artery stenosis and multiple cranial nerve palsies
Authors: Matsumura Sohta , Sato Takeo , Matsushima Satoshi , Kokubu Tatsushi , Umehara Tadashi , Komatsu Teppei , Sakai Kenichiro , Mitsumura Hidetaka , Iguchi Yasuyuki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundA case of retropharyngeal abscess complicated by both artery and nerve injury has rarely been reported.MethodsA 36‐year‐old woman suddenly presented with right eye visual loss, dilated pupil, reduced direct light reflex, ptosis and ocular motility disorder on the side of inflammation progression, and was diagnosed with retropharyngeal abscess due to Fusobacterium necrophorum. The patient was treated only with antibiotics and, no further surgery was necessary but tracheotomy. Four months later, MRA showed right ICA occlusion and left ICA stenosis. MRI revealed continuous spread of inflammation due to the abscess from the retropharyngeal to the intracranial space.ResultsThese severe complications would be attributed to an endothelial damage to the arterial wall and an ischemic neuropathy caused by inflammation and thrombogenesis due to Fusobacterium necrophorum.ConclusionsThis case should provide a better understanding of the mechanism of vascular and cranial nerve injury due to retropharyngeal infections, and highlights the need for early antibiotic therapy and repeated vascular evaluation.
The effect of in‐vehicle agent embodiment on drivers' perceived usability and cognitive workload: Evidence from subjective reporting, ECG, and fNIRS
Authors: Ren Zenggen , Guo Fu , Li Mingming , Lyu Wei , Duffy Vincent G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo improve the interaction between drivers and the in‐vehicle information system (IVIS), various intelligent agents, such as robot agents, virtual agents, and voice‐only agents, have been integrated into vehicles. However, it is not yet clear which type of in‐vehicle agent is best suited to the driving context. This study aims to investigate the effect of in‐vehicle agent embodiment on drivers' perceived usability and cognitive workload. In a within‐subject simulated driving experiment, 22 participants interacted with three different in‐vehicle agents (smartphone agent, robot agent, and virtual agent). Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy and electrocardiogram (ECG) were used to record prefrontal cortex activation and electrical changes associated with cardiac activity during simulated driving, respectively. The results show that the smartphone agent had the lowest perceived usability scores, oxygenated hemoglobin concentration variation (ΔHbO), and maximum ECG signal variation compared to baseline. There were no statistical differences in cognitive workload, perceived usability scores, brain area activation, and ECG signals between the robot agent and the virtual agent. The research findings demonstrate the positive effects of the anthropomorphic appearance of in‐vehicle agents on perceived usability and contribute to improving the design of in‐vehicle intelligent agents.
High CRP/PNI levels predict an unfavorable prognosis in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Guo Chunxia , Wang Huan , Wang Xiaorong , Tian Shan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to identify a novel inflammatory index and construct a nomogram for predicting in‐hospital mortality due to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS).MethodsThis cohort included 610 patients with SFTS hospitalized in Wuhan Union Hospital between March 2017 and November 2022. The ratio of C‐reactive protein (CRP) to the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) was calculated and used to reflect patients' inflammatory status. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to balance confounding factors between the low‐ and high‐CRP/PNI groups. SFTS individuals from Jinyinhu Hospital were used as the validation cohort.ResultsPatients with SFTS and high CRP/PNI were significantly correlated with a higher percentage of severe and critical SFTS types and higher in‐hospital mortality rates than those with low CRP/PNI. CRP/PNI was the potent risk indicator for in‐hospital mortality in individuals with SFTS. The CRP/PNI nomogram showed a good predictive value for in‐hospital mortality in patients with SFTS. After PSM, the predictive performance of CRP/PNI for 28‐day mortality was excellent. Finally, the CRP/PNI could still assess patients with SFTS at different risks based on SFTS data from another medical center.ConclusionThe CPR/PNI ratio exhibited a strong positive correlation with the SFTS disease type and could predict in‐hospital mortality in the early stages of SFTS. The CPR/PNI ratio could substantially help clinicians facilitate the early identification of patients with high‐risk SFTS and the timely initiation of intensive therapy.
Value co‐creation (VCC) and value co‐destruction (VCD) via open government data (OGD): Empirical case of Tanzania
Authors: Ishengoma Fredrick , Shao Deo , da Silva Raphael Gouvea , Wiedenhoft Guillherme Costa , Alexopoulos Charalampos , Rizun Nina , Saxena Stuti 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHaving emphasized upon the potential benefits of Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives via value derivation and innovation pursuits of the stakeholders, it falls in place to complement this line of OGD research in the specific case of Tanzania, a developing country, to support the inferences. Specifically, it is important to understand the manner in which OGD VCC‐one of the hinges of OGD initiatives‐ and OGD VCD‐a possible fall out of OGD initiatives‐happens to pass. Thus, a content analysis of the interviews of 15 public officials and managers associated directly with the management and operationationalization of OGD initiatives is being done to arrive at the conclusions. Thus, the interviewees aver that OGD Value Co‐creation (VCC) may be facilitated on top‐priority bases by consistent marketing efforts by the government as also the partnerships with the key stakeholders of the OGD ecosystem, and, among the prominent Value Co‐Destruction (VCD) factors may be counted the issues linked with data privacy and resource restriction. Literature on OGD VCC is at a nascent stage and the one on OGD VCD is evolving. As an atypical empirical validation case vis‐a‐vis the emerging OGD VCC‐VCD research, the study is an additional contribution to the extant literature with specific reference to the developing country's experiences.
The longitudinal relationship between loneliness and both social anxiety and mobile phone addiction among rural left‐behind children: A cross‐lagged panel analysis
Authors: Wu Dehua , Liu Menghua , Li Dan , Yin Huazhan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionLeft‐behind children are a special group that needs urgent attention. Due to enduring separation from their parents, loneliness is considered the most common and prevalent developmental hurdle in the experiences of left‐behind children. This longitudinal cross‐lagged study examined the direction of the association between loneliness and both internalizing and externalizing symptoms, with considering gender and left‐behind status differences.MethodsA total of 1175 rural Chinese children (48.3% boys, 39.9% left‐behind children, Mage = 14.54 ± 1.18 at baseline) completed self‐reported loneliness, social anxiety, and mobile phone addiction at two‐time points with 6 months intervals. Descriptive statistics, cross‐lagged panel analysis, and multiple group analysis were estimated in the present study.ResultsLoneliness exacerbated social anxiety and mobile phone addiction, and vice versa. In addition, gender and left‐behind status moderated these relationships, with boys more likely to be mobile phone addicted due to loneliness and girls more likely to be lonely due to mobile phone addiction. More importantly, left‐behind children with loneliness are more prone to social anxiety and mobile phone addiction, and vice versa, compared with non‐left‐behind children.ConclusionsThe targeted interventions should be carried out for different genders and left‐behind statuses. Particularly for left‐behind children, neglecting to address both the symptoms of loneliness and both social anxiety and mobile phone addiction could significantly undermine the efficacy of intervention programs that solely target either one of these afflictions.
Risk factors for human papillomavirus infection and disease: A targeted literature summary
Authors: del Pino Marta , Vorsters Alex , Joura Elmar A. , Doorbar John , Haniszewski Marta , Gudina Irene Asensio , Kodjamanova Petya , Velicer Christine , Drury Rosybel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdolescents are the primary cohort for routine human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, but unvaccinated adults may also benefit. A lack of consensus on which adults to target and the presence of reimbursement barriers likely contribute to the lag in adult vaccinations, highlighting missed prevention opportunities. Understanding factors contributing to risk of HPV infection and disease could help in decision making on vaccination. This review summarizes existing literature on risk factors for HPV infection and disease and includes 153 studies reporting relative risks or odds ratios for factors associated with HPV infection or disease in adults, published between 2009 and 2020. Despite inconsistent design and reporting of risk factors across studies, this review confirmed several risk factors associated with adult infection, including human immunodeficiency virus positivity, number of sex partners, and smoking. These findings can support policymaking, guideline development, and clinical decision making for HPV vaccination and screening of high‐risk adult groups.