bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overcoming Unintentional Barriers with Intentional Strategies: Educating Faculty about Student Disabilities
Authors: Forrest Krista D. 
Published: January 2004

Krista Forrest is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Nebraska at Kearney, where she teaches general psychology and life span development as well as advanced courses in adolescent psychology, group dynamics, and psychology and law. A graduate of North Carolina State University with a MS in developmental psychology and a PhD in social psychology, she is currently examining the extent to which specific police interrogation strategies influence a suspect's likelihood of falsely confessing. Her dedication to educating students with disabilities comes from 12 years of combined teaching experience at North Carolina State, Elon College, and University of Nebraska at Kearney as well as her role as a mother to a child who has both visual and hearing impairments. Catherine Fichten received her MA in experimental social psychology from Concordia University, her PhD in clinical psychology from McGill University, and is currently a Professor of Psychology at Dawson College, an Associate Professor of Psychiatry at McGill University, and a clinical psychologist at the SMBD–Jewish General Hospital. In addition to her research in the areas of sexual dysfunction and sleep disorders, she has published or has in press over 30 articles concerning postsecondary students and disabilities. Topics range from nondisabled student and faculty perceptions of students with disabilities to the availability of technology for students with disabilities. She has authored or coauthored grants worth over 2 million dollars to empirically investigate factors influencing the academic and social success of college students with disabilities. As a member of the advisory committee for the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, she has informed multiple institutes within the agency of the needs and research opportunities related to mobility issues. Many of her articles are available on her Web page ( www.fichten.org ).
Annotated Bibliography on the Teaching of Psychology: 2002
Authors: Johnson David E. , Schroder Simone I. 
Published: January 2004

This bibliography is a continuation of those previously published in Teaching of Psychology (e.g., Berry & Daniel, 1984; Fulkerson & Wise, 1987; Johnson & Schroder, 1997; Wise & Fulkerson, 1996). We maintained similar search methods and criteria for inclusion that were used in previous bibliographies. We also continued the cumulative numbering of the items. To help the reader locate relevant articles, we arranged items into a small number of subject categories. Generally, if fewer than three items fell into a specific subject category they were relegated to a category labeled miscellaneous.
Laser Flash Photolysis Study of Dialkylphenacylsulfonium Salts
Authors: Kawamura Koichi , Kodama Kunihiko , Hirai Katsuyuki , Tomioka Hideo 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
Laser flash photolysis of the title compound in degassed acetonitrile at room temperature revealed the presence of transient species showing the absorption at 480 nm, regardless of the structure of the precursors. The transient bands are assigned to phenacyl radical presumably formed as a result of the carbon-sulfur bond rather than 1,4-biradicals or cationic species proposed to be formed as a result of Norrish Type II process.
Visualization of Chemical Modification of Pore Internal Surfaces Using Fluorescence Microscopy
Authors: Maekawa Yasunari , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Maeyama Katsuya , Yonezawa Noriyuki , Yoshida Masaru 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
Chemical modification of pore internal surfaces with 0.31 and 0.54 μm in diameter in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was examined using the alkylation reaction of the carboxylic acids on the surfaces. The chemical incorporation of the reagent on the surfaces was confirmed by the fluorescence microscope images of the membranes reacting with the alkylation reagent bearing a pyrene fluorophore.
Highly Stereoselective Aldol-type Reaction of 2-Bromo-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropanamide with Aldehydes Leading to erythro-α-Fluoro-α-(trifluoromethyl)-β-hydroxy Amides
Authors: Sato Kei , Sekiguchi Takashi , Ishihara Takashi , Konno Tsutomu , Yamanaka Hiroki 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
N-Methoxy-N-methyl-2-bromo-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropanamide underwent highly stereoselective aldol-type reaction with various aldehydes under the influence of triphenylphosphine—a catalytic amount of titanium(IV) isopropoxide at room temperature to give the erythro-isomers of α-fluoro-α-(trifluoromethyl)-β-hydroxy amides preferentially in good to excellent yields.
Amphoteric Quinone–azine–cyclopentadithiophene System
Authors: Kozaki Masatoshi , Igarashi Hiroaki , Okada Keiji 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
Various quinoid groups have been connected with the cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) skeleton via azine linkage to form a new D–π–A system. These compounds revealed weak absorptions extending to 590–630 nm, corresponding to small HOMO–LUMO gaps of 1.97–2.10 eV. Their reduction potentials were strongly dependent on the quinone moieties, whereas the oxidation potentials were controlled by the CPDT moiety. Some of these compounds underwent oxidative polymerization under electrochemical conditions to yield polymers with a highly amphoteric character.
Fabrication and Characterization of Novel Mixed-valence Pentaamminechlororuthenium(III) Hexacyanoruthenate(II) Coordination Compound Self-assembled Film
Authors: Wei Tianxin , Tamada Kaoru , Yokokawa Shinobu , Ito Eisuke , Yase Kiyoshi , Hara Masahiko 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
Functional self-assembled film of a class II mixed-valence coordination compound, pentaamminechlororuthenium(III) hexacyanoruthenate(II) (Na[NH3]5Ru(III)-CN-Ru(II)(CN)5), was fabricated and characterized by surface plasmon resonance (SPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and phase modulation infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy (PMIRRAS).
Template‐Assisted Self‐Assembly of Spherical Colloids into Complex and Controllable Structures
Authors: Xia Y. , Yin Y. , Lu Y. , McLellan J. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractColloidal aggregates with well‐controlled sizes, shapes, and structures have been fabricated by dewetting aqueous dispersions of monodispersed spherical colloids across surfaces patterned with two‐dimensional arrays of relief structures (or templates). The capability and feasibility of this approach have been demonstrated with the organization of polymer latex or silica beads into homo‐aggregates, including circular rings; polygonal and polyhedral clusters; and linear, zigzag, and spiral chains. It was also possible to generate hetero‐aggregates in the configuration of HF and H2O molecules that contained spherical colloids of different sizes, compositions, densities, functions, or a combination of these features. These uniform, well‐defined aggregates of spherical colloids are ideal model systems to investigate the aerodynamic, hydrodynamic, and optical properties of colloidal particles characterized by non‐spherical shapes and/or complex topologies. They can also serve as a new class of building blocks to generate hierarchically self‐assembled structures that are expected to exhibit interesting features valuable to areas ranging from condensed matter physics to photonics.
Oriented Growth of Self‐Assembled Polyaniline Nanowire Arrays Using a Novel Method
Authors: Qiu H. , Zhai J. , Li S. , Jiang L. , Wan M. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractA novel method for fabrication of highly oriented polyaniline (PANI) nanowires without removal of the template was developed by combining self‐assembly and template synthesis techniques. By using a self‐assembly process under inhibition conditions, oriented arrays of PANI nanowires growing out of the nanoporous template were obtained, with nanowire diameters ranging from 110 to 190 nm and lengths of several micrometers. The lengths of these wires can be roughly controlled by the polymerization time.
2,7‐Bis(diarylamino)‐9,9‐dimethylfluorenes as Hole‐Transport Materials for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hreha R.D. , George C.P. , Haldi A. , Domercq B. , Malagoli M. , Barlow S. , Brédas J.‐L. , Kippelen B. , Marder S.R. 
Published: January 2004

Abstract2,7‐Bis(p‐methoxyphenyl‐m′‐tolylamino)‐9,9‐dimethylfluorene (1′), 2,7‐bis(phenyl‐m′‐tolylamino)‐9,9‐dimethylfluorene (2′) and 2,7‐bis(p‐fluorophenyl‐m′‐tolylamino)‐9,9‐dimethylfluorene (3′) have been synthesized using the palladium‐catalyzed reaction of the appropriate diarylamines with 2,7‐dibromo‐9,9‐dimethylfluorene. These molecules have glass‐transition temperatures 15–20 °C higher than those for their biphenyl‐bridged analogues, and are 0.11–0.14 V more readily oxidized. Fluorescence spectra and fluorescence quantum yields for dimethylfluorene‐bridged and biphenyl‐bridged species are similar, but the peaks of the absorption spectra of 1′–3′ are considerably red‐shifted relative to those of their biphenyl‐bridged analogues. Time‐of‐flight hole mobilities of 1′–3′/polystyrene blends are in a similar range to those of the biphenyl‐bridged analogues. Analysis according to the disorder formalism yields parameters rather similar to those for the biphenyl species, but with somewhat lower zero‐field mobility values. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the enforced planarization of the fluorene bridge leads to a slightly larger reorganization energy for the neutral/cation electron‐exchange reaction than in the biphenyl‐bridged system. Organic light‐emitting diodes have been fabricated using 1′–3′/polystyrene blends as the hole‐transport layer and tris(8‐hydroxy quinoline)aluminium as the electron‐transport layer and lumophore. Device performance shows a correlation with the ionization potential of the amine materials paralleling that seen in biphenyl‐based systems, and fluorene species show similar performance to biphenyl species with comparable ionization potential.
Fabrication of Conducting Polymer and Complementary Gold Microstructures Using Polymer Brushes as Templates
Authors: Zhou F. , Liu W. , Hao J. , Xu T. , Chen M. , Xue Q. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThis article describes a strategy to fabricate a conducting polymer and complementary gold microstructures through selective electrodeposition and wet chemical etching on a chemically tethered polymer brush template that is prepared by surface‐initiated atomic transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and subsequent photopatterning. The polymer brush acts as a sufficient insulating barrier and thus the polypyrrole (PPy) can be grown from the exposed area of the polymer brush template. Different polymer brushes provide different protection actions in selective etching, which is utilized to generate complementary (negative or positive) gold pattern on a single template in different manners.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Rare Earth (Tb, Y) Hydroxide and Oxide Nanotubes
Authors: Fang Y.‐P. , Xu A.‐W. , You L.‐P. , Song R.‐Q. , Yu J.C. , Zhang H.‐X. , Li Q. , Liu H.‐Q. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractIn this paper, Tb(OH)3 and Y(OH)3 single‐crystalline nanotubes with outer diameters of 30–260 nm, inner diameters of 15–120 nm, and lengths of up to several micrometers were synthesized on a large scale by hydrothermal treatment of the corresponding oxides in the presence of alkali. In addition, Tb4O7 and Y2O3 nanotubes can be obtained by calcination of Tb(OH)3 and Y(OH)3 nanotubes at 450 °C. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) have been employed to characterize these nanotube materials. The growth mechanism of rare earth hydroxide nanotubes can be explained well by the highly anisotropic crystal structure of rare earth hydroxides. These new types of rare earth compound nanotubes with open ends have uses in a variety of promising applications such as luminescent devices, magnets, catalysts, and other functional materials. Advantages of this method for easily realizing large‐scale production include that it is a simple and unique one‐pot synthetic process without the need for a catalysts or template, is low cost, has high yield, and the raw materials are readily available. The present study has enlarged the family of nanotubes available, and offers a possible new, general route to one‐dimensional single‐crystalline nanotubes of other materials.
Anisotropic Change of Liquid‐Crystal Domains by Polarized Infrared Pulse Laser Irradiation for a Columnar Mesophase
Authors: Monobe H. , Kiyohara K. , Terasawa N. , Heya M. , Awazu K. , Shimizu Y. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe infrared photoinduced alignment change of liquid‐crystal domains was investigated for a hexagonal columnar mesophase of a liquid‐crystalline triphenylene derivative. A uniform and anisotropic alignment change of domains was observed when a polarized infrared (IR) light corresponding to the wavelength of the aromatic C–C stretching absorption band of the triphenylene core was used to irradiate the sample. The relationship between the aligned azimuthal angle of the columnar axis and the polarization of the IR incident irradiation was investigated. IR absorption dichroism is induced as a result of the reorientation of triphenylene core. Texture observation and polarizing microscope FTIR spectra show that a change of the molecular alignment occurred and that the direction of columns depends on the polarization angle of the IR light used for irradiation. The mechanism of the alignment change in a columnar liquid crystal film by IR irradiation is also discussed. The technique could provide a novel technology to control the columnar alignment of highly viscous liquid crystals.
Nonmetric cranial trait variation and prehistoric biocultural change in the Azapa Valley, Chile
Authors: Sutter Richard C. , Mertz Lisa 
Published: January 2004

AbstractHistorically, interpretations of both biological and cultural change within the prehistoric Azapa Valley, northern Chile, have cited large‐scale population movements, with replacement from complex societies located in the adjacent highlands to the east. Biological estimates of this change have traditionally relied upon biodistance estimates, using craniofacial measures of both deformed and nondeformed skulls. In order to evaluate whether large‐scale prehistoric migrations occurred in the Azapa Valley, we examine biodistance results from nonmetric cranial traits for eight mortuary samples that represent all time periods of prehistoric occupation of the valley. None of the mean measures of divergences (MMD) among mortuary samples examined by this study were significant. These results suggest biological continuity in the Azapa Valley during 5,000 years of prehistory, with nonsignificant gene flow during the late Middle Horizon (AD 750–1100) and Late Intermediate (AD 1100–1476) periods. Biodistance results also suggest endogamy within coastal and inland populations. The broader implications of these results are discussed. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identifying optimum locations for new ponds
Authors: Davies Bella R. , Biggs Jeremy , Lee John T. , Thompson Stewart 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
Pond ecological quality is influenced by surrounding land uses. Continued intensification of land use has led to a progressive decline in the ecological quality of the pond stock within Britain.
To reverse this trend new ponds need to be carefully designed and sited using a targeted approach. Consequently, this study uses a Geographical Information System (GIS) to identify optimum locations for new ponds within the Chiltern Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the relationship between macrophyte pond quality indicators and environmental data from 300 ponds to produce models that could predict pond quality.
These models were tested at 10 locations in the study area by comparing predicted pond qualities with the actual pond qualities, established by identifying all plants in each pond. Aquatic plants successfully predicted pond quality, while emergent plants and total wetland plant species did not.
The regression model for aquatic plants was used in the GIS to identify locations within the study area where new ponds could be located to obtain maximum ecological quality. Six scenarios were tested and the optimum situation identified.
The study demonstrated the potential and importance of using GIS in a strategic approach for pond conservation.
Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing redesigned effectiveness of the water quality monitoring program in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida
Authors: Sigua Gilbert C. , Tweedale Wendy A. 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
In 1996, the long‐term water quality monitoring network (WQMN) program in the Indian River Lagoon (IRL) of the St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD) that began in 1988 was redesigned to eliminate statistically redundant sampling and satisfy modeling requirements.
Methods, procedures, and equipment were standardized across multi‐agency monitoring partners to produce reliable and comparable data. The redesigned strategy also included elements to determine previously unknown quantities such as differences in water quality parameters with depth and tidal cycle.
Reduction of sampling sites from 150 to 24 resulted in a significant improvement of standard deviation (t‐test; α = 0.05) for most water quality parameters analysed. The enhancement in data quality has demonstrated a more cost‐effective and efficient monitoring tool to measure the water quality of the seagrass environment in the IRL.
Results supported the view of a well‐mixed condition at the sampling stations on most days. Refocusing and streamlining the water quality monitoring program within the context of its mission would enable conversion of data into meaningful information regarding the interrelationship among water quality, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and seagrass PAR requirements.
Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Are River Styles ecologically meaningful? A test of the ecological significance of a geomorphic river characterization scheme
Authors: Thomson James R. , Taylor Mark P. , Brierley Gary J. 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
Classification is a useful tool for researchers and managers wishing to group functionally similar sites or to identify unique or threatened habitats. A process‐based river classification scheme that successfully integrates physical and biological aspects of lotic form and function would enhance conservation and restoration efforts by allowing more meaningful comparisons among sites, and improving functional understanding of lotic ecosystems.
The River Styles framework provides a geomorphological river characterization scheme in which assemblages of geomorphic units vary for differing River Styles, presenting differing arrays of aquatic habitat diversity for each style.
The ecological significance of the River Styles framework is tested by comparing the macroinvertebrate assemblages and habitat characteristics of pool and run geomorphic units for three different River Styles on the north coast of New South Wales, Australia.
Multivariate ordinations and analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) revealed that macroinvertebrate community structure differed between Bedrock‐Controlled Discontinuous Floodplain rivers and Gorge rivers, and between Bedrock‐Controlled Discontinuous Floodplain and Meandering Gravel Bed rivers, especially in pools. Differences between Gorge and Meandering Gravel Bed rivers were less apparent, largely due to variations within the Meandering Gravel Bed rivers group.
The variability in macroinvertebrate assemblage structure among geomorphic units was most strongly related to variability in substrate and hydraulic variables. Substrate composition differed significantly among all River Styles and geomorphic units, but other habitat variables showed few consistent differences among River Style groups.
These results suggest that the ecological similarity of macroinvertebrate communities within River Styles may presently be limited because some important large‐scale drivers of local habitat conditions are not included in River Styles designations. Integrating River Styles classification with other large‐scale variables reflecting stream size, temperature and hydrological regime may produce a process‐based physical classification capable of identifying river reaches with similar ecological structure and function.
Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Testing taxonomic resolution levels for ecological monitoring in sandy beach macrobenthic communities
Authors: Defeo Omar , Lercari Diego 
Published: January 2004

Abstract
Sandy beaches are subject to a variety of human‐induced disturbances. However, very little is known about the consequences of disturbances on macroinfauna inhabiting these systems.
We evaluate the concepts of taxonomic and functional sufficiency and their potential applicability to cost‐effective assessment of environmental impacts on sandy beaches. To this end, we assess the effects of an artificial freshwater discharge on the macroinfauna inhabiting three sites of a sandy beach in Uruguay affected by a gradient of effect, using different taxonomic resolution levels.
Species abundance and biomass data were aggregated into family, class, phylum and functional feeding guilds; distance matrices between samples were constructed for every aggregation level. Non‐metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) and correlation between distance matrices from different levels of aggregation were used to explore the taxonomic resolution needed to detect the environmental impact.
The impact was detected at every aggregation level, including functional feeding guilds. Taxonomic resolution did not affect the outcome of the multivariate analyses, suggesting that higher taxonomic levels could be used to provide rapid responses for detecting ecological impacts in sandy beaches, or in cases with a lack of knowledge about community composition.
Even though NMDS with abundance data lost more information than with biomass as the taxonomic resolution decreased, it provided a better description of the short‐term succession in community structure at the site with intermediate disturbance.
Aggregation to higher taxonomic levels did not reduce the ability of ANOSIM to discriminate between sites. The large seasonal variations in community structure give strong support to recent findings that showed that sandy beach fauna is highly plastic and has a short‐term capacity for recovery from disturbances. Thus, we strongly suggest circumventing snapshot samplings in order to avoid misinterpretation of results arising from strong seasonal variations in community structure and abundance.
Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.