bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilisation of regenerative braking energy in adjacent power sections of railway systems
Authors: Wu Liran , Wu Mingli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHuge regenerative braking (RB) energy is generated in the AC traction power supply system (TPSS) which is related to safe operation and comprehensive energy utilisation. For the RB energy utilisation, the authors propose a railway regenerative braking power conditioner (RBPC) with no energy storage system (ESS) integrated which is located at the end of the power sections between adjacent traction substations (TSSs). First, the RB characteristics are studied based on a large amount of measured data, and the load power states are classified according to the load powers of adjacent power sections. Then, the RB energy utilisation scheme, transferring the RB power to the adjacent power section where traction power exists, has been studied. Moreover, a dual closed‐loop control strategy for a back‐to‐back converter is adopted to achieve RB energy utilisation. Finally, a case study and an engineering application are carried out. The results have verified the feasibility of this method, which can illustrate that more than half of the RB energy can be mutually utilised in adjacent power sections.
Current sharing control strategy with uncertainties and network attacks for electric vehicle charging station
Authors: Tian Xu , Jiang Chuanyu , Qian Benhua , Wang Rui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough the electric vehicle supplied through distributed generators (DGs) is one of the most promising methods to reduce carbon emission and has been widely studied, the accurate current sharing regarding multi‐bus DC charging stations considering uncertainties and network attacks is rarely studied. Based on this, a fully distributed current sharing control strategy is presented, which can improve the reliability of system under denial of service (DoS). Firstly, the DC charging station system (DCCSS) with uncertainties is modelled. Primary control is designed to provide stable voltage and inaccurate current sharing. Furthermore, the state‐space function considering power coupling among different DC buses is built, which lays the foundation for the design of the following control. Then, the model of DoS attacks is proposed. Based on this, the fully distributed consensus control is proposed to achieve the accurate current sharing for DCCSS under DoS. Meanwhile, a method for solving the control gain without global information is given and proved. Moreover, it can be solved by LMI toolbox. As a comparison, a common control strategy is introduced that only considers the uncertainties. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method is verified through comparison of simulation results.
Initial condition based real time classification of power quality disturbance using deep convolution neural network with bidirectional long short‐term memory
Authors: Kandasamy Prabaakaran , Kumar Chandrasekaran , Lakshmanan Muthuramalingam , Jaisiva Selvaraj , Stonier Albert Alexander , Peter Geno , Ganji Vivekananda 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe accurate classification of power quality disturbances (PQDs) is crucial for advancing real‐time monitoring and classification systems within the modern power grid. The proposed system must ensure dependable, safeguarded, and stable operating conditions amidst diverse power quality issues. This paper presents an approach to classifying power quality disturbances using a deep learning model that synergizes deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) and Bidirectional Long Short‐Term Memory (BiLSTM). This amalgamation effectively extracts and classifies disturbance signals in real time, grounded on noise levels. The initial feature extraction from the signal is accomplished through a time‐frequency matrix. Subsequently, secondary extraction employs the BiLSTM layer to intricately and significantly classify disturbances in the power signal. This aids in transforming high‐dimensional matrices into a reduced set for enhanced performance. The detailed classification is facilitated by the softmax layer. The simulation results support the power quality evaluations under varied constraints and underscore the substantial classification of power quality disturbances through the DCNN‐BiLSTM algorithm, in comparison to alternative classification algorithms in terms of computational speed and accuracy.
Electromagnetic scattering of H‐polarised cylindrical wave by a double‐sided impedance circular strip
Authors: Tabatadze Vasil , Alperen Ömer Faruk , Karaçuha Kamil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe authors investigate electromagnetic scattering by a circular strip with impedance boundary conditions in detail. The excitation is obtained by the H‐polarised line source and the impedance boundary condition with different impedance values on each surface of the circular strip is imposed. Electromagnetic scattering from circular strips is formulated employing an integral equation approach including the orthogonal polynomials while expressing the current densities on inner and outer surfaces. To consider the edge condition, the current density on the scatterer is expressed in terms of Gegenbauer polynomials with the weighting function. Unlike the previous studies, the authors investigate the behaviour of the EM field regarding the location of the cylinder source, the size of the aperture and the different impedance values. The convergence of the proposed approach, which is one of the analytical–numerical methods, is investigated for different impedance values; considering the results, resonators with impedance surfaces of certain complex values and certain locations of the cylinder source perform better than the known PEC and PMC resonators for some specific resonance cases. An effective analytical–numerical approach is proposed for such geometry with the impedance boundary condition. An extensive analysis and comparison with other methods are provided. The limit cases of the impedance boundary condition (Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions) are validated.
Data‐driven stochastic model predictive control for regulating wind farm power generation with controlled battery storage
Authors: Huang Zishuo , Wu Wenchuan , Guo Zizhen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe uncertainty and fluctuation of the volatile wind power cause more reserve and frequency regulation capacity, so it incurs additional operational cost for the power grid. Therefore, a wind farm (WF) coordinated controller is essential to reduce the power fluctuation and trace the scheduled power generation with minimal wind curtailment and battery degradation cost. This paper proposes a data‐driven stochastic model predictive control (SMPC) method for WFs to realize these objectives. Firstly, to address the non‐linear dynamic model of wind turbines, the dynamic mode decomposition method accompanying Koopman operator is used to learn a lifted linear dynamic model from measurements. Secondary, this paper proposes the relationship between the curtailed wind power of wind turbines and their pitch angle, wind speed, and rotation speed, as well as the corresponding estimation formula. In addition, the prediction errors of wind speeds are characterized using the Gaussian mixture model (GMM), which may significantly affect the controller's performance. Finally, a tractable data‐driven SMPC model is developed and is verified on a DIgSILENT/PowerFactory based simulation platform. Compared with conventional model predictive control algorithms, it can significantly reduce the overall operational cost of WFs.
Phase‐coded radar waveform design with quantum annealing
Authors: Presles Timothé , Enderli Cyrille , Burel Gilles , Baghious El Houssaïn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Integrated Side Lobe Ratio (ISLR) problem the authors consider here consists in finding optimal sequences of phase shifts in order to minimise the mean squared cross‐correlation side lobes of a transmitted radar signal and a mismatched replica. Currently, ISLR does not seem to be easier than the general polynomial unconstrained binary problem, which is NP‐hard. In their work, the authors aim to take advantage of the scalability of quantum computing to find new optima, by solving the ISLR problem on a quantum annealer. This quantum device is designed to solve quadratic optimisation problems with binary variables (QUBO). After proposing suitable formulation for different instances of the ISLR, the authors discuss the performances and the scalability of their approach on the D‐Wave quantum computer. More broadly, their work enlightens the limits and potential of the adiabatic quantum computation for the solving of large instances of combinatorial optimisation problems.
A hybrid non‐linear voltage controller design for DC–DC buck converters
Authors: Alam Zubaer , Roy Tushar Kanti , Ghosh Subarto Kumar , Mahmud Md Apel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a hybrid non‐linear voltage controller design approach for DC–DC buck converters where the hybridization is done by combining two non‐linear techniques: backstepping and sliding mode. In the proposed hybrid framework, the backstepping approach ensures the tracking of all states, while the sliding mode scheme with an enhanced reaching law is utilized for the finite‐time convergence of voltage and current in DC–DC buck converters. In this way, the proposed hybrid scheme offers two‐degree freedom instead of one‐degree in existing nonlinear approaches for controlling DC–DC converters, while guaranteeing the time‐time convergence that is not achievable with existing methods in the same application. In this work, the sliding surface is modified to capture changes in the load and supply voltage and the Lyapunov stability theory is used to assess the overall stability of DC–DC buck converters with the proposed controller. Simulation and experimental validations are conducted for evaluating the performance of this hybrid scheme, including a comparative study of an existing sliding mode controller in which the sliding surface is selected as the fast terminal one while avoiding the non‐singularity and incorporating the adaptation law.
The active CGCG 077-102 NED02 galaxy within the Abell 2063 galaxy cluster
Authors: Adami C. , Parra Ramos K. , Harry J. T. , Ulmer M. P. , Lima Neto G. B. , Amram P. 
Published: October 2023

Context. Within the framework of investigating the link between the central super massive black holes in the cores of galaxies and the galaxies themselves, we detected a variable X-ray source in the center of CGCG 077-102 NED02, which is a member of the CGCG 077-102 galaxy pair within the Abell 2063 cluster of galaxies.
Aims. Our goal is to combine X-ray and optical data to demonstrate that this object harbors an active super massive black hole in its core, and to relate this to the dynamical status of the galaxy pair within the Abell 2063 cluster.
Methods. We used Chandra and XMM-Newton archival data to derive the X-ray spectral shape and variability. We also obtained optical spectroscopy to detect the expected emission lines that are typically found in active galactic nuclei. Finally, we used public ZTF imaging data to investigate the optical variability.
Results. There is no evidence of multiple X-ray sources or extended components within CGCG 077-102 NED02. Single X-ray spectral models fit the source well. We detect significant, nonrandom inter-observation 0.5–10 keV X-ray flux variabilities, for observations separated by ∼4 days for short-term variations and by up to ∼700 days for long-term variations. Optical spectroscopy points toward a passive galaxy for CGCG 077-102 NED01 and a Seyfert for CGCG 077-102 NED02. The classification of CGCG 077-102 NED02 is also consistent with its X-ray luminosity of over 1042 erg s−1. We do not detect short-term variability in the optical ZTF light curves. However, we find a significant long-term stochastic variability in the g-band that can be well described by the damped random walk model with a best-fit characteristic damping timescale of τDRW = 30−12+28 days. Finally, the CGCG 077-102 galaxy pair is deeply embedded within the Abell 2063 potential, with a long enough history within this massive structure to have been affected by the influence of this cluster for a long time.
Conclusions. Our observations point toward a moderately massive black hole in the center of CGCG 077-102 NED02 of ∼106 M⊙. As compared to another similar pair in the literature, CGCG 077-102 NED02 is not heavily obscured, perhaps because of the surrounding intracluster medium ram-pressure stripping.
Dermatologische Klinik des Universitätsspitals Basel
Authors: Hartmann Karin , Brenner Maja , Brandt Oliver , Contassot Emmanuel , Cvijetic Ivana , Erni Barbara , Geiges Michael , Izakovic Jan , Kunz Michael , Merkel Tamara , Müller Alina , Mühleisen Beda , Müller Simon , Schmidt Veronika , Sonntag Anne-Katharina , Vasconcelos Roberta , Zehnder Mara , Navarini Alexander A. 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Dermatologische Klinik des Universitätsspitals Basel vereint die Disziplinen Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie inkl. klinischer Immunologie. Sie zeichnet sich durch Patientenversorgung, Forschung und Weiterbildung auf universitärem Niveau aus. Mit ihrer 109-jährigen Geschichte bietet die Klinik ein breites Spektrum an evidenzbasierten Möglichkeiten in Diagnostik und Therapie. Unser Team erforscht und integriert kontinuierlich die neuesten Möglichkeiten der medizinischen und ästhetischen Dermatologie, der Allergologie, der 3D-Hautkrebsvorsorge und der Mohs-Chirurgie. Neben der Dermatologischen Poliklinik mit allgemeiner Sprechstunde und Notfalldienst verfügt die Klinik über eine wachsende Allergologische Poliklinik und eine stationäre Dermatologie mit 12 Betten, die ein breites Spektrum moderner dermatologischer Behandlungen anbietet. Hinzu kommt die 2019 gegründete Margarethenklinik als Zentrum für Ästhetik und Rekonstruktion. Verschiedene Spezialsprechstunden, eine Abteilung für Dermatopathologie, 2 Operationssäle sowie Bereiche für Lehre und Forschung runden das umfassende Angebot ab. Schwerpunkte der klinischen Forschung sind entzündliche Hauterkrankungen, allergologische Erkrankungen und Dermatoonkologie. Die Klinik forscht intensiv im Bereich der Biomedizin und der digitalen Dermatologie, insbesondere unter Verwendung von KI-Techniken zur Analyse von Hautbildern. Sie ist bestrebt, klinische Innovationen in der Dermatologie und Allergologie voranzutreiben mit Schwerpunkt auf digitalen Lösungen und der Verbindung von medizinischer und ästhetischer Dermatologie.
Über „Kochung“ und „Gärung“ zum oxidativen Stoffwechsel
Authors: Koehler Ulrich , Degerli Mikail Aykut , Hildebrandt Olaf , Conradt Regina , Koehler Julian 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Viersäftelehre oder Humoralpathologie (Hippokrates von Kos) sah Krankheit als ein Ungleichgewicht der Säfte. Galenos von Pergamon hat die Humoralpathologie vervollständigt und die Verdauung als Abfolge von „Kochungen“ beschrieben. Theophrastus von Hohenheim hat im 16. Jahrhundert versucht, die Viersäftelehre zu überwinden und die Medizin auf eine naturphilosophisch-alchimistische Grundlage zu stellen. Mit der „Iatrochemie“ im 17. Jahrhundert begann die Epoche der empirisch-experimentellen chemisch orientierten Medizin. Franciscus Sylvius Krankheitsauffassung fußt auf einem Ungleichgewicht von saurer und alkalischer Gärung, bedingt durch das „Triumvirat der Flüssigkeiten“. Erst Lazarro Spallanzani hat die Verdauungsvorgänge im Magen als einen Prozess verstanden, bei dem eine chemische Auflösung der Nahrung stattfindet. Mit der Entdeckung des Sauerstoffs und des Oxidationsvorgangs durch Lavoisier wurde die Grundlage zum Verständnis der Stoffwechselphysiologie gelegt.
Successful Treatment of Refractory Inspissated Bile Syndrome Using Gastrografin
Authors: Guan Justin J. , Amarneh Mohammad A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInspissated bile syndrome (IBS) is a rare cause of obstructive jaundice in infants. Despite drainage and irrigation, obstruction may persist in some cases with limited further options. This report presents a case of persistent IBS in a 5-month-old female with worsening liver failure despite cholecystostomy and saline irrigation, and a last-ditch effort was made to irrigate with Gastrografin. Patient's bilirubin decreased from 15.5 to 8.3 mg/dL after 1 day. Her bilirubin and liver functions tests normalized by 2 weeks. Gastrografin's hyperosmolarity promotes intraluminal fluid shift and stimulates smooth muscle contraction, which may explain its effectiveness in treating refractory IBS.
Klares Signal Richtung Politik
Authors: Pintarelli-Rauschenbach Manuela 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDer VPT macht sich für Ihre Zukunft stark! Gemeinsam mit dem IFK haben wir dem Bundesgesundheitsministerium Vorschläge zur Neugestaltung der physiotherapeutischen Berufe vorgelegt.
Effect of proton irradiation induced localized defect clusters on recovery time and leakage current in silicon photoconductive semiconductor switches
Authors: Bhamidipati John Keerthi Paul , Bhattarai Gyanendra , Caruso Anthony Nicholaus 
Published: October 2023

Pulse recovery time in semiconducting devices depends strongly on minority carrier lifetime, bandgap-type-dependent recombination, impurity concentration, and subband placement. In indirect bandgap solids, such as silicon, it is dominated by Shockley–Reed–Hall (SRH) recombination via trap-based recombination centers yielding slow recombination. The sluggish recombination then limits the pulse repetition rate and consequently the average power to a load. For decades, fabrication and irradiation techniques, such as Au- and Pt-diffusion, and energized electron-, proton-, and alpha particle-beam bombardment have been used to adjust minority carrier lifetime in silicon. These techniques generate shallow- and/or deep-level lattice defects to promote/retard trap-assisted SRH recombination. Despite investigating the characteristics of the generated defects on target material, the prior-art falls short in comprehensively addressing their effects on device-level architecture, specifically photoconductive switching devices. In this work, the effect of proton irradiation-induced localized crystal defect clusters on minority carrier lifetime in silicon photoconductive semiconductor switches is investigated when bombarded with 2.5–5 MeV beam energies with fluences between 9 × 1012–11 × 1013 cm−2 at room temperature. Photo-illuminated recovery characteristics for proton-beam (p-beam) irradiated device models with three distinct defect profiles have been studied using Silvaco TCAD and results have been compared with the electron-beam (e-beam) irradiation model with three different distinct defect profiles. At 30× lower defect density, recovery time trends in the p-beam irradiated device model were seen to be on the same order of magnitude as the e-beam irradiated model. At similar defect densities (1 × 1016 cm−3), the profile with a uniformly distributed bulk defect profile performed 10× better from a recovery time viewpoint compared with the e-beam irradiation. Furthermore, three orders of magnitude reduction in leakage currents were noticed in p-beam irradiated models.
A cutting-edge S/C/X band antenna for 5G and beyond application
Authors: Yadav Manish Varun , Yadav Swati Varun , Ali Tanweer , Kumar Dash Sounik Kiran , Hegde Navya Thirumaleshwar , Nair Vishnu G. 
Published: October 2023

This article presents a novel S/C/X band antenna specifically designed for 5G and beyond applications. The antenna's performance is thoroughly analyzed through comprehensive simulations using CST Microwave Studio on an FR-4 substrate, measuring 10λ × 14λ × 0.014λ (where λ is calculated at a lower resonance frequency). The proposed design displays remarkable characteristics, boasting an outstanding impedance bandwidth of 124% and an impressive return loss of −38 dBi. Its operational frequency ranges from 2.8 to 12 GHz, with a central frequency of 7.4 GHz. Throughout this range, the antenna maintains stable polar patterns, ensuring consistent and efficient performance with a wide gain of 3.98 dBi and an impressive efficiency of 84.2%. This antenna proves to be well-suited for diverse applications, including S-band: 3.1–4.2 GHz, C-band: 4.4–5.0 GHz, X-band: 8.0–12.0 GHz, and 5G and beyond communication. The innovative features of this S/C/X band antenna offer significant potential for advancing wireless communication technologies.
Does repeated pre-task planning have an impact on form-focused LREs?
Authors: Mayo María del Pilar García , Luquin María 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPre-task planning has been shown to improve fluency and complexity in adult learners’ speech in monologic tasks. Previous work considered pre-task planning in interactive tasks with young children in an ESL setting and reported that, in general, it had an impact on the amount of talk. However, no study so far has considered the impact of planning on the production of language-related episodes (LREs) by young children. This study examined the relationship between planning time and the accurate production of three target form-focused LREs (FFLREs) by thirty-three dyads of 11–12-year-old EFL learners who took part in a longitudinal experiment in which they narrated picture-prompted stories four times under one of three conditions: unguided planning (12 dyads), guided planning (12 dyads), or no-planning (9 dyads). Results showed that no significant improvement in target feature production was observed across weeks or conditions. Regarding accuracy, a notable difference emerged between the pre-test and delayed post-test in the unguided planning condition. Regarding between-group comparisons, although the guided planning group initially demonstrated higher accuracy than their counterparts, this distinction was not maintained. Thus, planning had limited benefits when considering FFLREs. Methodological and pedagogical implications will be discussed.
The use of interlocking multi-unit turns in topic shifts
Authors: Park Innhwa , Chen Rachel S. Y. , Gorisch Jan , Park Song Hee , Tadic Nadja , Yasui Eiko 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper examines multi-unit turns that allow speakers to retrospectively close the prior sequence while prospectively launching a new sequence, which Schegloff (1986) referred to as interlocking organization. Using English telephone conversations as data, we focus on how multi-unit turns are used for topic shifts, and show that interlocking organization operates in conjunction with other phonetic and lexical features, such as increased pitch and overt markers of disjunction (e.g., “listen”). In addition, speakers utilize an audible inbreath that is placed between the first and the second units as a central interactional resource to project further talk, thereby suppressing speaker transition and possibly highlighting the action delivered in the second unit as being distinctly new. We propose that interlocking multi-unit turns, when used to make topically disjunctive moves, promote progressivity by avoiding a possible lapse in turn transition.