bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing a hierarchy of total knee arthroplasty patients' goals and its congruity to health professionals' perceptions: a cohort study
Authors: Karunaratne Sascha , Harris Ian Andrew , Horsley Mark , Trevena Lyndal , Solomon Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo formulate a hierarchy of primary goals of patients prior to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and evaluate the agreement between patients and health professionals regarding this hierarchy of patient goals.MethodsThe five most important goals for each of 110 consecutive patients booked for total knee arthroplasty between June and October 2019 were identified. Goals were grouped into themes and then a hierarchy formulated. This hierarchy was randomized and provided to 94 health professionals, including orthopaedic surgeons (n = 49), rheumatologists (n = 16), physiotherapists (n = 16) and general practitioners (n = 13). These health professionals ranked the provided goals based on their belief of what was most important to patients.ResultsTen overarching goals were identified, with the five most important goals to patients being improving mobility, reducing knee pain, improving daily tasks, participating in social & leisure activities and regaining knee range of motion. Health professionals ranked these goals highly similar to patients with the exceptions being that health professionals ranked quality of life near the top of the hierarchy (much higher than patients) and ranked improving mobility in the bottom half (much lower than patients). Ranking of these goals was similar between each health professional group.ConclusionPain and mobility are the most important goals to patients, with health professionals correctly identifying these as such. However, health professionals ranked quality of life higher, and mobility lower in the hierarchy than patients. This incongruity should be considered by health professionals when educating and communicating treatment outcomes.
Unlocking sustainable governance: The role of women at the corporate apex
Authors: Zaccone Maria Cristina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study explores the intra‐organizational antecedents of sustainable governance by examining the impact of female presence at the corporate apex. Drawing upon the upper echelon theory, we investigate whether women in top positions influence sustainable governance practices. Our research focuses on a sample of companies operating within two distinct market economies: liberal market economies (LMEs) and coordinated market economies (CMEs). The United States, represented by the S&P100, and the United Kingdom, represented by the FTSE100, serve as examples of LMEs. Conversely, Germany (DAX30), France (CAC40), Spain (IBEX35), and Switzerland (SMI) are illustrative of CMEs. Analyzing archival data spanning from 2010 to 2019, we confirm that the presence of a critical mass of women on the board of directors significantly increases the likelihood of establishing a sustainability committee within organizations. This relationship holds true across both LMEs and CMEs, highlighting the universal importance of gender diversity in driving sustainable governance initiatives. Interestingly, we observe that the impact of women with structural power on sustainability committee formation is specific to LMEs, suggesting the context‐dependent nature of female leadership in sustainable governance.
A new network analysis model in anorexia nervosa patients based on self‐reported eating disorder symptoms, psychological distress, and cognitive flexibility
Authors: Giles Sarah , Hughes Elizabeth K. , Castle David , Jenkins Zoe , Phillipou Andrea , Rossell Susan , Urbini Gemma , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Krug Isabel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesCognitive flexibility and psychological distress, such as depression and anxiety, have been implicated in the aetiology of Anorexia Nervosa (AN). Despite the known associations between eating disorder (ED) symptoms, depression, anxiety, and cognitive flexibility, the specific pathways that connect these constructs are unclear. We therefore used network analysis to examine the relationship between these symptoms in an AN sample.MethodsOne hundred and ninety‐three treatment‐seeking individuals diagnosed with AN (95.6% female, M = 26.89 [SD = 9.45] years old) completed self‐report measures assessing depression, anxiety, cognitive flexibility, and ED symptoms. To determine each symptom's influence in the network, we calculated the expected influence.ResultsThe two relationships with the greatest edges were those between (1) weight/shape concerns and eating/dietary restraint and (2) weight/shape concerns and psychological distress (a measure that combined depression and anxiety). Cognitive flexibility was not connected to weight/shape concerns but had negative partial associations with eating concerns/dietary restraint and psychological distress. There was also a slight, non‐zero connection between eating concerns/dietary restraint and psychological distress.ConclusionsThe findings underscore the importance of weight/shape, eating/dietary concerns, and psychological distress in the AN network and suggest that addressing cognitive flexibility may be a useful target for eating concerns/dietary restraint and psychological distress. Future studies assessing the longitudinal course of psychopathology within the AN network structure may help in identifying whether specific symptoms function as risk factors or maintaining factors for this co‐occurrence.
Neuromedin U regulates the anti‐tumor activity of CD8+ T cells and glycolysis of tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in an NMUR1‐dependent manner
Authors: Zheng Rui , Wang Si , Wang Jia , Zhou Mengnan , Shi Qi , Liu Beixing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis, which is lethal in approximately 90% of cases despite advanced standard therapies. A typical feature of PDAC is the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with multiple immunosuppressive factors including neurotransmitters. Recently, neuromedin U (NMU), a highly conserved neuropeptide with many physiological functions, has attracted attention for its roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis in several types of cancers. However, whether NMU affects PDAC progression remains unclear. In this study, using an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC in combination with bioinformatics analysis, we found that NMU was upregulated in tumor tissues from the patients with PDAC and positively correlated with a poor prognosis of the disease. Interestingly, knockout of the Nmu gene in mice enhanced the anti‐tumor functions of tumor‐infiltrating CD8+ T cells in an NMU receptor 1‐dependent manner. Additionally, NMU promoted the glycolytic metabolism of mouse PDAC tumors. The activities of pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pivotal enzymes involved in the regulation of lactate production, were markedly reduced in tumor tissues from NMU‐knockout mice. In vitro the presence of LDHA inhibitor can reduce the production of lactic acid stimulated by NMU, which can increase the anti‐tumor activity of CD8+ T cells. Moreover, treatment of the pancreatic cancer cells with a phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) inhibitor diminished NMU‐induced lactate production and the activities of PK and LDH, suggesting that NMU might regulate glycolysis via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
What can I do for my community? Contributing to the promotion of civic engagement through participatory methodologies: The case of young people from border regions of mainland Portugal
Authors: da Silva Nicolas Martins , da Silva Sofia Marques 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article explains how participatory approaches can promote civic engagement among young people, resulting from their active involvement in the research process, namely identifying their communities' priorities and problems. Five project‐building sessions were held with young people from five contexts located in the border regions of mainland Portugal. The data supporting this article were collected during sessions dedicated to identifying and exploring community‐based problems and priorities and designing projects to address those local challenges. The results show the importance of contextualising young people's experiences and priorities, here related to their own community and its well‐being and development. It is here that using participatory methodologies can create opportunities for young people to participate in processes of community change.
A prognostic signature for lung adenocarcinoma by five genes associated with chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Xu Chunwei , Min Yonghua , Zhai Zhanqiang , Zhu Youcai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common subtypes of lung cancer. Finding prognostic biomarkers is helpful in stratifying LUAD patients with different prognosis.MethodsWe explored the correlation of LUAD prognosis and genes associated with chemotherapy in LUAD and obtained data of LUAD patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Drug sensitivity data were acquired from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database. Differential and enrichment analyses were used to screen the target genes utilizing limma and “clusterProfiler” packages. Then univariate and LASSO Cox analyses were used to select the prognosis‐related genes. Survival analysis was used to estimate the overall survival (OS) of different groups.ResultsTwenty‐three differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between LUAD samples and healthy samples, and BTK, FGFR2, PIM2, CHEK1, and CDK1 were selected to construct a prognostic signature. The OS of patients in the high‐risk group (risk score higher than 0.69) was worse than that in the low‐risk group (risk score lower than 0.69).ConclusionThe risk score model constructed by five genes is a potential prognostic biomarker for LUAD patients.
A rare case of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung
Authors: Sun Xuejian , Liu Jialin , Hu Ting , Wu Yefan , Zhang Hao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung is a special type of primary origin in the lung with obvious pathological features and short survival time. However, standard treatment guidelines have not yet been established. Herein, we report a case of hepatoid adenocarcinoma with the primary lesion located in the left upper lung. The tumour size was reduced after four cycles of combined therapy. Subsequent postoperative pathology confirmed complete remission.
Recent advances in mechanistic studies of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and its comorbidities—Role of microRNAs
Authors: Li Xiaonan , Sun Min , Wang Zhe , Sun Siming , Wang Yuehui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a multifaceted syndrome with a complex aetiology commonly associated with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and renal disease. Various diseases induce systemic, chronic and low‐grade inflammation; microvascular dysfunction; metabolic stress; tissue ischemia; and fibrosis, leading to HFpEF. An effective treatment for HFpEF is lacking, largely owing to its pathophysiological heterogeneity. Recent studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating the pathogenesis of HFpEF and its comorbidities.MethodsThis narrative review included original articles and reviews published over the past 20 years found through ‘PubMed’ and ‘Web of Science’. The search terms included “HFpEF,” “MicroRNAs,” “comorbidities,” “Microvascular Dysfunction (MVD),” “inflammation,” “pathophysiology,” “endothelial dysfunction,” “energy metabolism abnormalities” “cardiac fibrosis” and “treatment.”ResultsInflammation, MVD, abnormal energy metabolism, myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis are important pathophysiological mechanisms underlying HFpEF. As gene expression regulators, miRNAs may contribute to the pathophysiology of HFpEF and are expected to serve in the stratification of patients with HFpEF and as prognostic indicators for monitoring treatment responses.ConclusionsA customized strategy based on miRNAs has emerged as an effective treatment for HFpEF. In this review, we discuss recent research surrounding miRNAs and HFpEF and propose potential miRNA targets for the pathophysiology of HFpEF and its comorbidities. Although current research concerning miRNAs and their therapeutic potential is in its early stages, miRNA‐based diagnostics and therapeutics hold great promise in the future.
Vitamin K insufficiency and the prophylaxis strategy in term healthy infants: A multicentre study
Authors: Perrone Serafina , De Bernardo Giuseppe , Lembo Chiara , Dell'Orto Valentina , Giordano Maurizio , Beretta Virginia , Petrolini Chiara , Gambini Lucia , Toni Anna Laura , Parigi Gianni , Fontanarosa Ilenia , Natale Maria Pia , D'Amato Gabriele , Sordino Desiree , Buonocore Giuseppe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground/AimLate vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) during early infancy is a serious problem worldwide. Vitamin K (VK) deficiency commonly occurs in newborns who are exclusively breastfed. Protein Induced by VK Absence (PIVKA‐II) has been identified as an early indicator of subclinical VK deficiency in neonates, surpassing prothrombin time. To assess PIVKA‐II levels at 48 h, 1 and 3 months of age in full‐term newborns who were exclusively breastfed and received varying VKDB prophylaxis regimens.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted in four hospitals, enrolling 105 newborns. PIVKA‐II levels were measured using a sandwich‐type enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsAt 48 h of age, there was no significant difference in PIVKA‐II concentrations between newborns who received intramuscular administration of 1 mg of phylloquinone (VK1) and those who received oral administration of 2 mg of VK1 at birth. At 1 and 3 months of life, infants who received any supplementation regimen between 2 and 14 weeks exhibited significantly lower PIVKA‐II concentrations compared to infants who received only 1 mg of intramuscular VK1 at birth. The prophylaxis involving a dose of 1 mg of intramuscular VK1 at birth followed by oral administration of 150 μg/day of VK1 from the 2nd to the 14th week of life showed the lowest PIVKA‐II blood concentrations.ConclusionsOral supplementation of VK1 after discharge significantly reduced PIVKA‐II concentrations in exclusively breastfed term infants. These findings suggest the importance of oral VK1 supplementation in exclusively breastfed infants during their first 3 months of life to avoid the risk of VK insufficiency.
Bat droppings collection by ants in epigean environments
Authors: Vidal‐Cordero J. Manuel , Nogueras Jesús , Tena Elena 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Ants can be found in insect communities associated with droppings, but most studies about this interaction have been carried out in subterranean environments, specifically in the study of the interaction between ants and bat guano.
In this report, we describe the first case of interaction between seven different ant species and the droppings of two bat species in epigean environments. The study was performed in bat roosts monitored from March to October 2022 in the Doñana Biological Reserve of the Doñana National Park (Huelva, SW Spain). It was carried out via direct observations of droppings deposited on the ground surface or in tree‐mounted dropping collectors below bat boxes.
We report a total of 37 interactions by seven different species of ants with droppings of two species of bat, the soprano pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pygmaeus) and the greater noctule (Nyctalus lasiopterus), in four different habitats (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pinus pinea, Populus alba and ground surface).
The generalist characters and the omnivorous diets of the ant species observed, in addition to the abundant availability of droppings during a period of food scarcity, suggest that droppings are transported as a food resource, with the consequent implications that this interaction may have on faecal degradation and nutrient cycling, as one of the supporting services provided by ants.
Home as the Third Place: Stories of movement among immigrant caregivers in an intercultural Chilean city
Authors: Mingo Verónica , Mistry Jayanthi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractParenting practices are inherently related to the sociocultural and material contexts in which children and their caregivers live. Rooted in sociocultural perspectives, this research contributes to the study of contextualized caregiving by ethnographically examining the daily caregiving practices of seven low‐income immigrant mothers and their young children. Research participants all live in a precarious material context in a Chilean intercultural city. This study illuminates how caregivers use their understanding of the world to make sense of their realities, both resources and constraints, and actively negotiate with the elements of everyday life. We discuss (a) the mobilizing effect of their hopes and dreams on potential future life (we refer to it as the Third Place), manifested in a constant search for a “better life” and (b) the personal and contextual resources that mothers draw on to provide physical care to their children, despite social constraints and scarcity of material resources.
Effects of N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine against apical periodontitis in rats with adriamycin‐induced cardiomyopathy and nephropathy
Authors: Şehirli Ahmet Özer , Aksoy Umut , Sibai Abdullah , Orhan Kaan , Sayıner Serkan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) against apical periodontitis (AP) in rats with adriamycin (ADR)‐induced kidney and heart diseases.MethodologyFourty‐eight Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: (1) Control group, (2) ADR group (1 mg/kg/day ip for 10 days), (3) AP Group (1st mandibular molar tooth), (4) AP + ADR Group, (5) AP + NAC group (150 mg/kg/day ip), and (6) AP + ADR + NAC group. After 3 weeks, the rats were decapitated and blood and tissue samples (heart, kidney, and jaw) were collected. Tissue samples were evaluated by biochemical (inflammatory cytokines and hemodynamic parameters) and radiological analyses. One‐way anova with Tukey post hoc tests was used to compare data, considering p < .05 as statistically significant.ResultsThe serum levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, BUN, Creatinine, CK, and LDH were elevated in the test groups compared with the control group, and treatment with NAC reduced these levels (p < .05). Heart and kidney tissue analysis showed a higher heart‐to‐body weight ratio (HW/BW) and kidney‐to‐body weight ratio (KW/BW) in the test groups compared with the control group (p < .05). No significant differences in HW/BW and KW/BW were found between the control and AP + NAC groups. Volumetric apical bone resorption analysis showed an increase in periapical radiolucencies in AP‐induced groups indicating apical periodontitis. NAC treatment reduced the total area and volume of resorption cavities (p < .05).ConclusionsThe results suggest that NAC's antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects can reduce adriamycin‐mediated heart and kidney damage and may have a positive effect on apical periodontitis in individuals with nephropathy and cardiomyopathy.
Influence of micro‐sized CaCO3 on hydrates formation of residual calcium aluminate cement in castables during drying
Authors: Zeng Jinyan , Liu Mingyang , Zhang Zhongzhuang , Mu Yuandong , Liu Chuntai , Ye Guotian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe addition of CaCO3 powder in calcium aluminate cement (CAC) is reported to accelerate the hydration of CAC and generate mono‐carbonate C4AC̅H11, which is conducive to shortening the curing time of CAC‐bonded castables at ambient temperatures. Although the hydration of CAC is relatively fast, there is still residual un‐hydrated CAC in castables after curing. The residual CAC would continue to hydrate to produce C3AH6 and AH3 during the subsequent drying procedures in the absence of CaCO3. But it is worth pondering which type of hydrate would be generated in the presence of CaCO3 during the drying at around 110°C. In this study, the effect of micro‐sized CaCO3 addition on the hydrate formation of CAC‐bonded castables during drying at 110°C was investigated. The results indicate that the C4AC̅H11 formed at the curing temperature of 30°C is not decomposed or converted during drying. The CaCO3 remained after curing does not participate in the hydration of residual CAC during drying at 110°C, and thus the residual CAC continues to hydrate to generate C3AH6 rather than C4AC̅H11.
Photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanoparticle coating on porous ceramic substrates with varying porosities produced from fly ash and red mud
Authors: Özcan Mücahid , Birol Burak , Dülger Kutlu Öznur , Kaya Figen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn order to improve filtering efficacy, nanoparticles are often deposited as photocatalytic degrading agents onto porous ceramics. This study aimed to deposit ZnO nanoparticles on ceramic substrates produced from fly ash and red mud with adjustable porosity and investigate their photocatalytic properties. To achieve this goal, at first porous ceramics were produced and sintered at various temperature/time intervals. It was observed that sintering at 800°C for 120 min provided a proper structure and porosity. In addition, MgO replacement with MgCO3 lowered the water absorption of the samples from 25.63% to 11.45%. The samples were then coated with ZnO nanoparticles using the sol–gel method and the ZnO structures obtained were micron‐sized plates. It was observed that increasing porosity increased the ZnO amount and accordingly the photocatalytic properties of the products. During the adsorption tests conducted in the dark, the coated ceramic samples were stained with MB with a maximum MB adsorption ratio of ∼14%. On the other hand, no visible MB stain was observed on the samples that were exposed to UV irradiation, and the MB removal after the UV irradiation was 93.6%; therefore, it was concluded that the dominant MB removal mechanism was photocatalytic.
A systematic review of caries risk in children <6 years of age
Authors: Khan Saima Yunus , Schroth Robert J. , Cruz de Jesus Vivianne , Lee Victor H. K. , Rothney Janet , Dong Cecilia S. , Javed Faraha , Yerex Katherine , Bertone Mary , El Azrak Mohamed , Menon Anil 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundFor caries risk assessment (CRA) tools for young children to be evidence‐based, it is important to systematically review the literature to identify factors associated with the onset of early childhood caries (ECC).AimThis updated systematic review aimed to identify current evidence on caries risk in young children.DesignA comprehensive and systematic literature search of relevant databases was conducted to update a previous systematic review and identify risk factors associated with ECC. Potential risk factors were identified based on strength of association using odds ratios, hazard ratios, relative risk, etc. GRADE was used for rating quality evidence through consensus.ResultsTwenty‐two studies met inclusion criteria for the search from mid‐2017 to 2021. Twenty‐five publications from the prior systematic review, from 1997 to mid‐2017, were also included. Several socioeconomic, behavioral, and clinical variables were identified as ECC risk factors. Factors included the following: age, socioeconomic status, frequency of and supervised toothbrushing, fluoride exposure, breast‐ and bottle‐feeding, feeding habits, absence of a dental home, past caries experience, active non‐cavitated lesions, visible plaque, enamel defects, and microbiome.ConclusionThis study provides updated evidence of risk factors for ECC that could be included in CRA tools.