bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intratumoral injection of immature dendritic cells enhances antitumor effect of hyperthermia using magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Tanaka Kouji , Ito Akira , Kobayashi Takeshi , Kawamura Tatsuyoshi , Shimada Shinji , Matsumoto Kazuhiko , Saida Toshiaki , Honda Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2005

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen‐presenting cells that play a pivotal role in regulating immune responses in cancer and have recently been shown to be activated by heat shock proteins (HSPs). We previously reported that HSP70 expression after hyperthermia induces antitumor immunity. Our hyperthermia system using magnetite cationic liposomes (MCLs) induced necrotic cell death that was correlated with HSP70 release. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of DC therapy combined with MCL‐induced hyperthermia on mouse melanoma. In an in vitro study, when immature DCs were pulsed with mouse B16 melanoma cells heated at 43°C, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I/II, costimulatory molecules CD80/CD86 and CCR7 in the DCs were upregulated, thus resulting in DC maturation. C57BL/6 mice bearing a melanoma nodule were subjected to combination therapy using hyperthermia and DC immunotherapy in vivo by means of tumor‐specific hyperthermia using MCLs and directly injected immature DCs. Mice were divided into 4 groups: group I (control), group II (hyperthermia), group III (DC therapy) and group IV (hyperthermia + DC therapy). Complete regression of tumors was observed in 60% of mice in group IV, while no tumor regression was seen among mice in the other groups. Increased cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) activity was observed on in vitro cytotoxicity assay using splenocytes in the cured mice treated with combination therapy, and the cured mice rejected a second challenge of B16 melanoma cells. This study has important implications for the application of MCL‐induced hyperthermia plus DC therapy in patients with advanced malignancies as a novel cancer therapy. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Walker Melanie , Aronson Kristan J. , King Will , Wilson James W.L. , Fan Wenli , Heaton Jeremy P.W. , MacNeily Andrew , Nickel J. Curtis , Morales Alvaro 
Published: April 2005

AbstractDietary patterns reflect combinations of dietary exposures, and here we examine these in relation to prostate cancer risk. In a case‐control study, 80 incident primary prostate cancer cases and 334 urology clinic controls were enrolled from 1997 through 1999 in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Food‐frequency questionnaires were completed prior to diagnosis and assessed intake in the 1‐year period 2–3 years prior to enrollment. Among controls, dietary intake was used in principal components analyses to identify patterns that were then evaluated with all subjects in relation to prostate cancer risk using unconditional logistic regression, controlling for age. Four dietary patterns were identified: Healthy Living, Traditional Western, Processed and Beverages. Increased prostate cancer risk is apparent in relation to the Processed pattern, composed of processed meats, red meats, organ meats, refined grains, white bread, onions and tomatoes, vegetable oil and juice, soft drinks and bottled water. The OR for the highest tertile compared to baseline is 2.75 (95% CI 1.40–5.39), with a dose–response pattern (trend test p < 0.0035). Our results suggest that a dietary pattern including refined grain products, processed meats and red and organ meats contributes to increased prostate cancer risk. Since dietary information was collected before subjects knew their diagnosis, recall bias was avoided. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The relationship between adsorption energies of methyl on metals and the metallic electronic properties: A first‐principles DFT study
Authors: Wang Gui‐Chang , Li Jun , Xu Xiu‐Fang , Li Rui‐Fang , Nakamura Junji 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA theoretical study of CH3 adsorbed on the (111) surface of some transition and noble metal surfaces M (M = Cu, Ni, Rh, Pt, Pd, Ag, Au) and on the Fe(100) is presented. We find that the hollow site is preferred more than the top one for Fe, Ni, Rh, and Cu, but it is the other way for Pt, Pd, Au, and Ag. In addition, a good linear relationship was observed between the chemisorption energy and d‐band center for Group VIII metals or the square of the coupling matrix element for Group IB metals at the hollow site. Interestingly, with a detailed comparison of the adsorption energies at the top and hollow sites, we find that the adsorption energies among each group are very similar on the top site, which supports the theoretical model of Hammer and Nørskov that the coupling between the HOMO of adsorbate and sp states of the metal is dominant and almost equal, and that the second coupling to the d‐band contributes less but reflects the change of the adsorption energy. It confirms that the coupling to the d band comprises two opposite factors, that is, the d‐band center was attractive and the square of the coupling matrix element was repulsive, such that the contributions from the two factors can counteract each other at the top site. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 26: 871–878, 2005
Ultrastructure of human retroviruses
Authors: Palmer Erskine , Goldsmith Cynthia S. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractWe compared the ultrastructure of the human retroviruses by thin‐section electron microscopy of infected lymphocytes. Virus particles form at the plasma membrane without involvement of a cytoplasmic precursor. Budding forms of human T‐cell leukemia virus types I and II (HTLV‐I and ‐II) consist of a crescent‐shaped nulceoid separated from the envelope by an intermediate layer. Mature forms of these viruses are about 100 nm in diameter. The nucleoid is electron lucent and almost completely fills the virion. There is about a 10‐nm space between the envelope and nucleoid. The envelope has fuzzy surface projections. HTLV‐I and ‐II resemble other type C retroviruses in morphology. Budding forms of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, LAV, HTLV‐III) also have a crescent‐shaped nucleoid but not an intermediate layer between the core and envelope. The envelope has rod‐shaped surface projections. Mature forms of HIV have an electron‐dense nucleoid that is eccentric and bar‐ or cone‐shaped. Particles have the same ultrastructure as retroviruses of the Lentivirus genus. HIV is readily distinguishable from HTLV‐I and ‐II by thin‐section electron microscopy. HIV is usually found in extracellular spaces by transmission electron microscopy of thin sections, and scanning electron microscopy of HIV‐infected T4 lymphocytes also shows many particles on the surface of these cells. Lymphadenopathy‐associated virus type II (LAV‐II) has the same internal ultrastructure as HIV, but its surface projections are more prominent, being about three times the length of those of HIV. Human T lymphotropic virus type IV (HTLV‐IV) has the same morphology as LAV‐II.
Mycobacterium Avium‐intracellulare complex infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: Perfect John R. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis reviw examines an important bacterial infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Despite occasional infections with bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella, and Nocardia in patients with AIDS, the primary problems of AIDS and invading bacterial infections center around mycobacteropsos. A unique feature of AIDS has been the common identification of disseminated infections with Mycobacterium avium‐intracellulare. The following discussion examines our present understading of this group of organisms and how they interact with the compromised host.
Interpretation of electron diffraction data from organic microcrystals: A theoretical perspective
Authors: Moss Barbara 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe current framework for the quantitative analysis of transmission electron diffraction data from organic microcrystals is discussed. The appropriate formulation depends upon the crystal perfection: solution‐grown material tends to be nearly perfect with regular elastic bends whilst the epitaxial samples are usually considerably less perfect with highly irregular bends. It is possible to obtain Bragg intensity data which are near‐kinematical and thus amenable to ab initio structure analysis. Thereafter, the further refinement of the model proceeds with a consideration of dynamical and crystal bending effects. If both of these are small it is a good approximation to analyse them independently rather than use the correct description of dynamical scattering from a deformed foil. The analysis of three‐dimensional data sets from tilt series is considered. Although the technique has been successfully demonstrated in several instances there are still details of the analysis that need further clarification.
Electron diffraction of synthetic polymers: The model compound approach to polymer structure
Authors: Brisse F. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractX‐ray fiber diffraction is a technique most often used to establish the structure of chemically regular crystalline polymers. However, this technique has many shortcomings. Some of them are: ambiguities regarding the choice of the space group, limited intensity data, often large diffraction spots, and overlapping intensities. Microsingle crystals of synthetic polymers, when they can be produced, happen to have dimensions that are well suited to being studied by electron diffraction. Electron diffraction data from microsingle crystals often complement the X‐ray fiber data.Strictly speaking, one does not solve the crystal structure of a polymer in the conventional way but rather one chooses from among many potentially acceptable models the one which fits the X‐ray and/or the electron diffraction data best. The various steps of model building, its placing within the unit cell, and structure refinement will be discussed.
Electron crystallography of linear polysaccharides
Authors: Pérez Serge , Chanzy Henri 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe present article illustrates how the use of electron diffraction data coupled with realistic molecular modeling can yield to unambiguous structural elucidation of linear polysaccharides in the crystalline state. The series of the original ab initio quantitative crystal structure analyses is presented, along with a description of the methods. Pertinent examples showing the unique ability and utility of electron crystallography to yield new structural insights for biologically interesting macromolecules are given.
Lymphocyte positions in the dome epithelium of the rabbit appendix
Authors: Schmedtje John F. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe apico‐basal distribution of lymphocytes within the epithelium covering the domes of lymphatic tissue in the wall of the rabbit appendix was investigated in single and serial sections stained either for general histology, for cytoplasmic basophilia and acidophilia, or for nonspecific esterase activity. From the base to the summit of a dome, four zones numbered proximo‐distally 1‐4 were distinguished. Epithelial cells migrate from base to summit, as indicated by mitotic figures in zone 1, the gradual change from cytoplasmic basophilia to acidophilia in zones 2 to 4, and visible extrusion of cells from zone 4 at the summit. Zone 1 was free of lymphocytes. Most of the lymphocytes in zone 2 were intercellular and randomly arranged, but a few in this zone were within tapered epithelial cells modified by a process extending basally to the basement membrane. Small numbers of these tapered epithelial cells also occurred in zone 3. The large clusters of ten to 12 lymphocytes that characterized zone 3 were intercellular and impinged the apical regions of epithelial cells. Serial sections at the level of the distal cluster of zone 3 showed lymphocytes located also more basally, and some of these lymphocytes appeared to be passing through the basement membrane back into the lymphoid tissue of the dome. Epithelium of zone 4 over the distal surface of a dome was largely free of lymphocytes. Apparently most infiltrating lymphocytes form intercellular clusters and then return to the subepithelial lymphatic tissue.
Role of Ser50 phosphorylation in SCG10 regulation of microtubule depolymerization
Authors: Togano Tetsuya , Kurachi Masashi , Watanabe Michitoshi , Grenningloh Gabriele , Igarashi Michihiro 
Published: April 2005

AbstractMembers of the stathmin‐like protein family depolymerize microtubules (MTs), probably due to the ability of each stathmin monomer to bind two tubulin heterodimers in a complex (T2S complex). SCG10, a member of this family, is localized in the growth cone of neurons. It has four identified sites of serine phosphorylation (S50, S63, S73, and S97). Of these, S50 and S97 are phosphorylated by cAMP‐dependent protein kinase, an enzyme involved in growth cone guidance. When the equivalent sites in stathmins are phosphorylated, they lose their ability to depolymerize MTs. We investigated the specific role of the two cAMP‐dependent protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylation sites in SCG10. A mutant of SCG10 phosphorylated only on S50 retained the ability to depolymerize MTs, but SCG10 phosphorylated on S97 or on both S50 and S97 lost MT‐depolymerizing activity. Surface plasmon resonance studies revealed that the phosphorylation of SCG10 at these sites reduced the tubulin heterodimer binding, mainly due to a reduced rate of association. In particular, compared to the two other phosphorylated forms, SCG10 phosphorylated at S50 had a significantly smaller dissociation constant for the binding of the first tubulin heterodimer and larger association and dissociation rate constants for the binding of the second heterodimer. This indicates that the phosphorylation of S50 compensates for the effect of phosphorylation at other sites by modulating T2S complex formation. Furthermore, these results suggest that S50‐P maintains MT‐depolymerizing activity, which indicates that the biological functions of phosphorylation at S50 and S97 are different. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coregistration of quantitative proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging with neuropathological and neurophysiological analyses defines the extent of neuronal impairments in murine human immunodeficiency virus type‐1 encephalitis
Authors: Nelson J.A. , Dou H. , Ellison B. , Uberti M. , Xiong H. , Anderson E. , Mellon M. , Gelbard H.A. , Boska M. , Gendelman H.E. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractRelatively few immune‐activated and virus‐infected mononuclear phagocytes (MP; perivascular macrophages and microglia) may affect widespread neuronal dysfunction during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1)‐associated dementia (HAD). Indeed, histopathological evidence of neuronal dropout often belies the extent of cognitive impairment. To define relationships between neuronal function and histopathology, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI) and hippocampal long‐term potentiation (LTP) were compared with neuronal and glial immunohistology in a murine model of HIV‐1 encephalitis (HIVE). HIV‐1ADA‐infected human monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDM) were stereotactically injected into the subcortex of severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Sham‐operated and unmanipulated mice served as controls. Seven days after cell injection, brain histological analyses revealed a focal giant cell encephalitis, with reactive astrocytes, microgliosis, and neuronal dropout. Strikingly, significant reductions in N‐acetyl aspartate concentration ([NAA]) and LTP levels in HIVE mice were in both injected and contralateral hemispheres and in brain subregions, including the hippocampus, where neuropathology was limited or absent. The data support the importance of 1H MRSI as a tool for assessing neuronal function for HAD. The data also demonstrate that a highly focal encephalitis can produce global deficits for neuronal function and metabolism. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optical wireless communications utilizing a dicode PPM PIN‐BJT receiver
Authors: Menon M. , Cryan R. A. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractOriginal results are presented for an optical wireless system employing dicode pulse position modulation (DiPPM) and a PIN‐BJT receiver. When operating at λ = 0.85 μm and a bit rate of 10 Mb/s, a sensitivity of −51 dBm (Pe= 10−9) is achieved, which represents a 10.3‐dB improvement, as compared to an equivalent PCM system. The work also demonstrates that DiPPM achieves comparable sensitivities to those of the digital PPM format, but at significantly reduced line rates, thus making it a credible candidate for mobile devices using optical wireless technology. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 273–277, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20794
SAR of internal antenna in mobile‐phone applications
Authors: Chan K. H. , Chow K. M. , Fung L. C. , Leung S. W. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis paper presents an investigation of the effect of the internal antenna on the specific absorption rate (SAR), and the effect of the presence of a human head at close proximity to a mobile phone upon the antenna performance in mobile‐phone applications. Both the experimental measurement and numerical simulation of the SAR values and the antenna performance parameters of a typical internal antenna are presented. The results indicate that the far‐field radiations of the internal antenna can be reduced by 3 dB with the presence of human head. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45:286–290, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20797
Order of accuracy analysis for multiresolution time‐domain using Daubechies bases
Authors: Kovvali Narayan , Lin Wenbin , Carin Lawrence 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn this paper, the spatial order of accuracy of multiresolution time‐domain methods using basis functions from the Daubechies family are studied. It is observed that MRTD methods using scaling functions from the Daubechies N‐vanishing‐moment orthonormal family have a spatial order of accuracy equal to 2N. For MRTD methods using scaling functions from the CDF (2, N2) biorthogonal family, the spatial order of accuracy is 2 + N2. We also find that the order of accuracy is the same for both staggered and nonstaggered spatial grids. The simulation results are presented which confirm analytical predictions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 290–293, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20798
A new printed G‐shaped monopole antenna for dual‐band WLAN applications
Authors: Pan Chien‐Yuan , Huang Chien‐Hsiang , Horng Tzyy‐Sheng 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA novel dual‐band printed G‐shaped monopole antenna is proposed. The antenna provides two resonant paths of different lengths (forming into a G‐shaped profile) in order to achieve 2.4‐ and 5.2‐GHz dual‐band operation for WLAN applications. Reasonably large impedance‐matching bandwidth and good radiation patterns have been observed. The measured impedance bandwidth for 10‐dB return loss in the 2.4‐ and 5.2‐GHz bands reaches 0.37 GHz (2.25–2.62 GHz) and 1.06 GHz (4.94–6 GHz), respectively. In addition, the proposed antenna has a small size of 13.6 × 9.3 mm2. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 295–297, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20800
Tunable fiber laser based on an etched fiber Bragg grating
Authors: Tu Po‐Jen , Liu Wen‐Fung , Chen Tzu‐Chiang 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis study describes a wavelength‐tunable fiber laser based on a broadband fiber mirror and an etched fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with a tuning range exceeding 15 nm. The experimental results indicate that this configuration provides a simple and economical method of implementing a wavelength‐tunable fiber laser for applications in fiber optics or fiber‐communication systems. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 297–300, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20801
Optically activated novel force sensor calibrated as weighing balance
Authors: Kulkarni Atul , Karekar R. N. , Aiyer R. C. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis paper presents the use of plastic optical fibers (POFs) as a weighing balance. A force sensor with a critically adjusted pair of deforming plates and weighing 1 g to 3 kg is constructed, having an accuracy of 1% over the range of ±0.5% linearity with regard to response and a recovery time of 250 msec with no observable hysteresis. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 300–303, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20802
Characterization of InP semiconductor waveguides coupled to disk microcavity optical resonators via opto‐microwave technique
Authors: Miska P. , Beaugeois M. , Lethien C. , Beaurain A. , Li H.‐W. , Vilcot J.‐P. , Decoster D. , Chazelas J. , Bouazaoui M. , Dobrzynski L. , Akjouj A. , Djafari‐Rouhani B. , Vasseur J.‐O. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractWe report on the opto‐microwave characterization of InP waveguide‐coupled to microcavity disk resonators. The lateral waveguide confinement is obtained by deep inductively‐coupled plasma reactive‐ion etching (ICP‐RIE) through the guiding layer. We demonstrate the propagation of microwaves on an optical carrier in this resonant structure, which behaves as an opto‐microwave filter or demultiplexer. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 315–317, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20808
Dual‐spiral microstrip bandpass filter with two transmission zeros
Authors: Li JiaLin , Chen JianXin , Wang JianPeng , Xue Quan , Xue LiangJin 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA microstrip bandpass filter using a dual‐spiral configuration is proposed. Unlike conventional filter topology, this filter is integrated directly within 50Ω microstrip lines. The filter has a simple configuration, and compact size, and is easy to fabricate. Two transmission zeros close to the passband improve the selectivity of the filter. A demonstration filter is designed and examined, and the theoretical and experimental results are presented. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 331–332, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20814
Percolation study by infrared thermography
Authors: Henry F. , Costa L. C. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn two‐phase materials, where the electrical conductivity of the disperse phase is significantly different than that of the host phase, the conductivity versus concentration of the dispersed phase shows percolation behaviour. In order to control the percolation threshold, we prepare a new composite polymer, based on polystyrene (PS) and polypyrrole (PPy) particles, to be used as electromagnetic shielding material. The critical concentration of the percolation was controlled, thus changing the ratio of the size of those particles. In this work, we present a study of the percolation behaviour using infrared thermography stimulated by microwave radiation at 12 GHz and the results are compared with the dc and ac electrical properties. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 335–337, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20816