bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is experience of the HIV/AIDS epidemic associated with responses to COVID-19? Evidence from the Rural Malawi
Authors: Anglewicz Philip , Lamba Sneha , Kohler Iliana , Mwera James , Zulu Andrew , Kohler Hans-Peter 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Starting in late 2019, the coronavirus “SARS-CoV-2”, which causes the disease Covid-19, spread rapidly and extensively. Although many have speculated that prior experience with infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS, Ebola, or SARS would better prepare populations in sub-Saharan Africa for COVID-19, this has not been formally tested, primarily due to data limitations.

Methods
We use longitudinal panel data from the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health (MLSFH, waves 2006, 2008, and 2020) to examine the association between exposure to the HIV/AIDS epidemic and perceptions of, and behavioral response to, the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured exposure to HIV infection through perceived prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the community, worry about HIV infection, perceived likelihood of HIV infection, and actual HIV status; and the experience of HIV/AIDS-related mortality through self-reports of knowing members of the community and extended family who died from AIDS (measured in 2006 or 2008). Our outcome measures were perceptions of COVID-19 presence in the community, perceptions of individual vulnerability to COVID-19, and prevention strategies to avoid COVID-19 collected through phone-interviews in 2020.

Results
Based on our data analysis using multivariable regression models, we found that the experience of HIV-related mortality was positively associated with perceptions of COVID-19 prevalence in the community and preventive behaviors for COVID-19. However, perceived vulnerability to HIV-AIDS infection and actual HIV positive status 10-years prior to the COVID-19 pandemic are generally not associated with COVID-19 perceptions and behaviors.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that COVID-19-related behaviors are impacted more by experience of AIDS mortality instead of HIV/AIDS risk perceptions, and that individuals may be correctly viewing HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 transmission as distinct disease processes.
Gender- and age-specific associations between psychosocial work conditions and perceived work sustainability in the general working population in Taiwan
Authors: Cheng Yawen , Li Yi-Jing , Cheng Wan‐Ju 
Published: October 2023

Objectives
One aspect of work sustainability pertains to workers’ intention to remain in their current job until reaching retirement age. Various adverse working conditions are expected to diminish work sustainability among different social groups. This study aims to examine these associations across gender and age groups.

Methods
The study participants were 19,152 economically-active adults in a national survey conducted in Taiwan. Information concerning psychosocial working conditions were obtained through interviews, using the Job Content Questionnaire. Work sustainability was evaluated by one question that asked whether the participants felt they would be able to do their current job until the age of 60. The association between psychosocial work conditions and work sustainability was examined by logistic regression analysis. We further performed stratified analysis to explore age and gender-specific associations.

Results
We observed that 14.2% and 17.1% of male and female workers reported low work sustainability. Workers in the electronics industries and female workers in the healthcare and education sectors reported low work sustainability. Gender-specific analyses showed that low job control among men and shift work among women were significantly associated with low work sustainability. Age-specific analyses indicated that having poor health, shift work, and long working hours in younger workers, and having low job control in older workers were associated with low work sustainability.

Conclusion
To retain older workers in the labor market, policies should aim at the improvement of psychosocial work conditions, and gender- and age-specific issues should be taken into consideration.
Abdominal surgery induces long-lasting changes in expression and binding of CTCF with impact on Major Histocompatibility Complex II transcription in circulating human monocytes
Authors: Siegler Benedikt Hermann , Thon Jan Niklas , Altvater Marc , Schenz Judith , Larmann Jan , Weigand Markus Alexander , Weiterer Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

Background
Postoperative immunosuppression has been recognized as an important driver of surgery-related morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by lymphocyte depression and impaired monocyte capability to present foreign antigens to T-cells via Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II (MHC-II) molecules. In patients with postoperative abdominal sepsis, we previously detected a persisting differential binding of the CCCTC-Binding Factor (CTCF), a superordinate regulator of transcription, inside the MHC-II region with specific impact on human leucocyte antigen (HLA) gene expression. In this prospective exploratory study, we investigated to which extent major surgery affects the MHC-II region of circulating CD14+-monocytes.

Results
In non-immunocompromised patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery, a postoperative loss of monocyte HLA-DR surface receptor density was accompanied by a decline in the transcription levels of the classical MHC-II genes HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1. The surgical event decreased the expression of the transcriptional MHC-II regulators CIITA and CTCF and led to a lower CTCF enrichment at an intergenic sequence within the HLA-DR subregion. During the observation period, we found a slow and only incomplete restoration of monocyte HLA-DR surface receptor density as well as a partial recovery of CIITA, HLA-DRA and HLA-DRB1 expression. In contrast, transcription of HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, CTCF and binding of CTCF within the MHC-II remained altered.

Conclusion
In circulating monocytes, major surgery does not globally affect MHC-II transcription but rather induces specific changes in the expression of selected HLA genes, followed by differential recovery patterns and accompanied by a prolonged reduction of CTCF expression and binding within the MHC-II region. Our results hint toward a long-lasting impact of a major surgical intervention on monocyte functionality, possibly mediated by epigenetic changes that endure the life span of the individual cell.
Socioeconomic inequalities, psychosocial stressors at work and physician-diagnosed depression: Time-to-event mediation analysis in the presence of time-varying confounders
Authors: Pena-Gralle Ana Paula Bruno , Talbot Denis , Trudel Xavier , Milot Alain , Gilbert-Ouimet Mahée , Lavigne-Robichaud Mathilde , Ndjaboué Ruth , Lesage Alain , Lauzier Sophie , Vézina Michel , Siegrist Johannes , Brisson Chantal 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesThere is evidence that both low socioeconomic status (SES) and psychosocial stressors at work (PSW) increase risk of depression, but prospective studies on the contribution of PSW to the socioeconomic gradient of depression are still limited.MethodsUsing a prospective cohort of Quebec white-collar workers (n = 9188 participants, 50% women), we estimated randomized interventional analogues of the natural direct effect of SES indicators at baseline (education level, household income, occupation type and a combined measure) and of their natural indirect effects mediated through PSW (job strain and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) measured at the follow-up in 1999–2001) on incident physician-diagnosed depression.ResultsDuring 3 years of follow-up, we identified 469 new cases (women: 33.1 per 1000 person-years; men: 16.8). Mainly in men, low SES was a risk factor for depression [education: hazard ratio 1.72 (1.08–2.73); family income: 1.67 (1.04–2.67); occupational type: 2.13 (1.08–4.19)]. In the entire population, exposure to psychosocial stressors at work was associated with increased risk of depression [job strain: 1.42 (1.14–1.78); effort-reward imbalance (ERI) 1.73 (1.41–2.12)]. The estimated indirect effects of socioeconomic indicators on depression mediated through job strain ranged from 1.01 (0.99–1.03) to 1.04 (0.98–1.10), 4–15% of total effects, and for low reward from 1.02 (1.00–1.03) to 1.06 (1.01–1.11), 10–15% of total effects.DiscussionOur study suggests that PSW only slightly mediate the socioeconomic gradient of depression, but that socioeconomic inequalities, especially among men, and PSW both increase the incidence of depression.
Decreasing rates of colectomy for benign neoplasms: A nationwide analysis
Authors: Sakowitz Sara , Bakhtiyar Syed Shahyan , Mallick Saad , Khoraminejad Baran , Olmedo Manuel , Croman Millicent , Benharash Peyman , Lee Hanjoo 
Published: October 2023

Background
Despite advances in endoscopic techniques for management of benign colonic neoplasms, a rise in rates of surgical treatment has been reported. We used a nationally representative cohort to characterize temporal trends, patient characteristics, and outcomes associated with colectomy for colonic neoplasms.

Methods
All patients undergoing elective partial colectomy for benign or malignant colonic neoplasms were identified using the 2012–2019 National Inpatient Sample. Those presenting with inflammatory bowel disease, or experiencing intestinal perforation were excluded. Patients with benign neoplasms were classified as the Benign cohort (others: Malignant). Trends, characteristics, and outcomes were assessed between groups.

Results
Of 569,280 colectomy procedures included for analysis, 153,435 (27.0%) were performed for benign lesions. The proportion of Benign operations decreased from 28.6% in 2012 to 23.7% in 2019 (P for trend<0.001). While overall national incidence of colectomy for benign neoplasms decreased from 2012 to 2019 (IRD -1.19, 95%CI -1.20- -1.19), Black patients demonstrated an incremental increase (IRD +0.04, 95%CI +0.02–0.06).
On average, Benign was younger (66 [57–72] vs 68 years [58–77], P<0.001), and demonstrated a lower Elixhauser comorbidity index (2 [1–3] vs 3 [2–4], P<0.001), relative to Malignancy. Following adjustment, Benign demonstrated lower odds of in-hospital mortality (AOR 0.61, 95%CI 0.50–0.74; P<0.001), stoma creation (AOR 0.46, 95%CI 0.43–0.50; P<0.001), and infectious complications (AOR 0.68, 95%CI 0.63–0.73; P<0.001).

Conclusions
The present national study identifies a decrease in colectomy for benign polyps from 2012–2019. Future investigations should identify patients who would most benefit from surgical resection and address persistent inequities in access to screening and treatment for colonic neoplasms.
Kids on the Street: Queer Kinship and Religion in San Francisco’s Tenderloin, Joseph Plaster (2023)
Authors: Hodgson Jack 
Published: October 2023

Review of: Kids on the Street: Queer Kinship and Religion in San Francisco’s Tenderloin, Joseph Plaster (2023)
Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 358 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-47801-895-7, p/bk, $28.95
Janus in the Moon: Al Reinert’s For All Mankind
Authors: Klein Paul 
Published: October 2023

Review of: Janus in the Moon: Al Reinert’s For All Mankind

For All Mankind (1988)
USA
Director Al Reinert
Runtime 80 minutes
Blu-ray/4K UHD
USA, 2022
Distributed by The Criterion Collection (region A/1)
Evaluation of brain nerve function in ICU patients with Delirium by deep learning algorithm-based resting state MRI
Authors: Huang Xiaocheng , Jiang Ruilai , Peng Shushan , Wei Yanbin , Hu Xiaogang , Chen Jian , Lian Weibin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the value of resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on the brain extraction tool (BET) algorithm in evaluating the cranial nerve function of patients with delirium in intensive care unit (ICU). A total of 100 patients with delirium in hospital were studied, and 20 healthy volunteers were used as control. All the subjects were examined by MRI, and the images were analyzed by the BET algorithm, and the convolution neural network (CNN) algorithm was introduced for comparison. The application effects of the two algorithms were analyzed, and the differences of brain nerve function between delirium patients and normal people were explored. The results showed that the root mean square error, high frequency error norm, and structural similarity of the BET algorithm were 70.4%, 71.5%, and 0.92, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the CNN algorithm (P < 0.05). Compared with normal people, the ReHo values of pontine, hippocampus (right), cerebellum (left), midbrain, and basal ganglia in delirium patients were significantly higher. ReHo values of frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, parietal lobe, and temporal lobe and anisotropy scores (FA) of cerebellums (left), frontal lobe, temporal lobe (left), corpus callosum, and hippocampus (left) decreased significantly. The average diffusivity (MD) of medial frontal lobe, superior temporal gyrus (right), the first half of cingulate gyrus, bilateral insula, and caudate nucleus (left) increased significantly (P < 0.05). MRI based on the deep learning algorithm can effectively improve the image quality, which is valuable in evaluating the brain nerve function of delirium patients. Abnormal brain structure damage and abnormal function can be used to help diagnose delirium.
„Sprachkontakte“ aus der Sicht der kontrastiven Linguokulturologie
Authors: Donec Pavel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The problem of language contacts has two main perspectives: as an interaction of several codes being quasi-independent actors and as interaction of two languages in the consciousness of a concrete individual – mostly the mother tongue and a foreign language. In this article, the second approach is advocated. As the mother tongue (“own language”) acts the Russian, and the German – as the foreign (“alien”) language. With language contacts of this kind (foreign language acquisition, interlingual/intercultural communication, translation), certain differences between the contact languages come to light. They are described from the point of view of contrastive linguoculturology – a discipline that is located in the overlapping zone between conventional contrastive linguistics and linguoculturology, which has been developing rapidly in recent times, especially in the former USSR. The notion linguocultural “contrast” is proposed for the role of the basic unit of this discipline: it is binary and composed of a “specialx” and a “lacunaey” (contrastx↔y = specialx + lacunaey). Three types of contrasts are distinguished: (1) system-linguistic, (2) discursive and (3) cultural.
Notes on pseudodifferential operators commutators and Lipschitz functions
Authors: Deng Yu-long 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on the boundedness of the commutators generated by pseudodifferential operators with Lipschitz functions and obtains a sufficient condition such that these operators are bounded from

L

p

(

R

n

)

{L}^{p}\left({{\bf{R}}}^{n})

into the homogeneous Triebel-Lizorkin space

F

˙

p

γ
,
∞

(

R

n

)

{\dot{F}}_{p}^{\gamma ,\infty }\left({{\bf{R}}}^{n})

and from

L

p

(

R

n

)

{L}^{p}\left({{\bf{R}}}^{n})

into

L

q

(

R

n

)

{L}^{q}\left({{\bf{R}}}^{n})

.
3D thin-film nanofluid flow with heat transfer on an inclined disc by using HWCM
Authors: Alshehry Azzh Saad , Yasmin Humaira , Shah Rasool 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Momentum and heat transmission influence the coated physical characteristics of wire product. As a result, understanding the polymeric movement and heat mass distribution is crucial. An increase in thermal efficiency is necessary for the wire covering technology. So, the aim of this work is to investigate the influence of nanomaterials on the heat and mass transport processes in wire coating analyses. A thin film nanofluid is used to investigate heat and mass transfer in three dimensions over a rotating inclined disc. Both the suction and injection effects of nanofluids and the thermal radiation of their fluxes are taken into account. By employing similarity variables, the set of governing equations can be transformed into a differential equation system. The necessary differential equation system is solved using the Haar wavelet collocation method. Plots and observations of the velocity distribution, concentration, and thermal fields within the boundary layer across an inclining, steadily rotating plane are made. Flow characteristics change as a result of varying embedded factors such as

S
,
Sc
,

N

b

,
Pr
,

S,{\rm{Sc}},{N}_{{\rm{b}}},\Pr ,

and thermophoretic parameters. Evidence suggests that as the number of rotation parameters grows, the thermal boundary layer weakens.
Cdk5 activation promotes Cos-7 cells transition towards neuronal-like cells
Authors: Bao Li , Lan Xiao-Mei , Zhang Guo-Qing , Bao Xi , Li Bo , Ma Dan-Na , Luo Hong-Yan , Cao Shi-Lu , Liu Shun-Yao , Jing E , Zhang Jian-Zhong , Zheng Ya-Li 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) activity is specifically active in neurogenesis, and Cdk5 and neocortical neurons migration related biomarker are expressed in Cos-7 cells. However, the function of Cdk5 on the transformation of immortalized Cos-7 cells into neuronal-like cells is not clear.

Methods
Cdk5 kinase activity was measured by [γ-32P] ATP and p81 phosphocellulose pads based method. The expression of neuron liker markers was evaluated by immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, Western blot, and Elisa.

Results
P35 overexpression upregulated Cdk5 kinase activity in Cos-7 cells. p35 mediated Cdk5 expression promoted the generation of nerite-like outgrowth. Compared with the empty vector, p35-induced Cdk5 activation resulted in time-dependent increase in neuron-like marker, including Tau, NF-H, NF-H&M, and TuJ1. Tau-5 and NF-M exhibited increased expression at 48 h while TuJ1 was only detectable after 96 h in p35 expressed Cos-7 cells. Additionally, the neural cell biomarkers exhibited well colocation with p35 proteins. Next-generation RNA sequence showed that p35 overexpression significantly upregulated the level of nerve growth factor (NGF). Gene set enrichment analysis showed significant enrichment of multiple neuron development pathways and increased NGF expression after p35 overexpression.

Conclusion
p35-mediated Cdk5 activation promotes the transformation of immortalized Cos-7 cells into neuronal-like cells by upregulating NGF level.
Autocrine/paracrine growth hormone in cancer progression
Authors: Zhang Xi , Pandey Vijay , Bhardwaj Vipul , Zhu Tao , Lobie Peter E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It is now apparent that growth hormone (GH), an anterior pituitary hormone predominantly regulating postnatal somatic growth and metabolism, is also expressed in extrapituitary tissues. An extrapituitary synthetic site of GH that has garnered interest is the de novo or enhanced expression of GH in carcinoma or other cancers. In a number of cancers, including carcinoma of the mammary gland, endometrium, liver, prostate, and colon, the expression of GH is independently associated with more advanced clinicopathologic parameters of the cancer. In some of these cancers, tumor human growth hormone (hGH) expression portends worse survival outcomes for patients. Functionally, tumor-derived hGH exerts both autocrine and paracrine functions on carcinoma cells and cancer-associated stroma. Expression of autocrine/paracrine hGH in cancer drives tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapy by promotion of cancer cell proliferation, survival, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, motility, invasion, cancer stem cell-like behavior, and metastasis. Autocrine/paracrine hGH activates oncogenic signaling pathways and specific transcriptome signatures and enhances the expression of an oncogenic secretome to promote these functions. Hence, extrapituitary expression of GH in cancer promotes cancer progression independent of endocrine hGH, and may be considered as a validated target in oncology.
Lietuvių kalbos mandagumo vienaskaitos ir daugiskaitos vartosena: jaunų žmonių kalbėsenos polinkiai
Authors: Ivanauskaitė Aleksandra , Hilbig Inga 
Published: October 2023

This paper investigates the usage of singular and plural forms of address in contemporary Lithuanian. The object of the research is the pronouns tu and jūs, and second-person verbs. The aim of the present study is to analyze how and why singular and plural forms of address are used and which social and psychological factors determine this usage. The research data consists of 111 discourse completion tests filled by university students. For a deeper insight, 6 semi-structured in-depth interviews with students and young people who have just finished their studies were also conducted. Quantitative and qualitative research methods were combined for both data collection and analysis.Based on the results, it can be concluded that the distribution of forms of address in situations where the sociolinguistic and pragmatic choice was not obvious was approximately equal. Statistically significant variables were found to be sex and age. However, as the qualitative aspect of the study reveals, the usage of these forms depends on diverse and subtle variables, including social distance, relative power, and age, as well as their interaction within specific communicational situations. The study confirms that plural forms of address generally convey respect, formality, and polite distance, while singular forms indicate friendliness, intimacy, and familiarity. Nevertheless, both formal and informal forms of address can also be employed as impoliteness strategies. In some cases, the switch between the forms of address is caused by mutual agreement, while in others, it occurs on its own and indicates changes in social or psychological circumstances. The choice between singular and plural forms of address is often complex and not always fluent; therefore, interlocutors may seek to avoid them altogether and navigate a delicate balance between formal and informal ways of addressing people.
Do Natural Resources Affect Unemployment? Evidence from Indonesian Province Panel Data
Authors: Gunawan Beni Teguh 
Published: October 2023

Since the stipulation of regional autonomy in the early 2000s, local governments have managed their revenues and expenditures independently, in direct or revenue-sharing funds from the Central Government, including income from natural resource exploitation. This study aims to identify the region with high natural resources, especially from the mining and quarrying sectors, expected to improve its human resources quality, focusing on the employment sector. In addition, this study identifies the impact of natural resources on reducing unemployment in 34 provinces in 2015-2021. A previous study implemented natural resources rent to proxy natural resources in a region. However, identification of this proxy has been challenging due to the considerable informality in Indonesia. This study employs mining and quarrying sectors to proxy natural resources as a comprehensive output of a region. The data used in this study was secondary data sourced from the National Statistics Board (BPS). The analysis method of this study was fixed effect with the Human Development Index (HDI) and the unemployment rate as the dependent variable. The results of this study revealed that regional natural resources did not impact HDI or reduce the unemployment rate in a province, indicating that the mining and quarrying sectors did not contribute to improving the quality of human resources and reducing unemployment significantly.JEL Classification: C01, O13, O15, O17How to Cite:Gunawan, B. T (2023). Do Natural Resources Affect Unemployment? Evidence From Indonesian Province Panel Data. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(2), 231-244. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i2.31824