bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One carbon metabolism and its implication in health and immune functions
Authors: Dang Shreya , Jain Arushi , Dhanda Garima , Bhattacharya Neetu , Bhattacharya Amit , Senapati Sabyasachi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOne carbon (1C) metabolism is critical for cellular viability and physiological homeostasis. Starting from its crucial involvement in purine biosynthesis to posttranslational modification of proteins, 1C metabolism contributes significantly to the development and cellular differentiation through methionine and folate cycles that are pivotal for cellular function. Genetic polymorphisms of several genes of these pathways are implicated in disease pathogenesis and drug metabolism. Metabolic products of 1C metabolism have significant roles in epigenetic modifications through DNA and histone protein methylation. Homocysteine is a product that has clinical significance in the diagnosis and prognosis of several critical illnesses, including chronic immune diseases and cancers. Regulation of the function and differentiation of immune cells, including T‐cells, B‐cells, macrophages, and so forth, are directly influenced by 1C metabolism and thus have direct implications in several immune disease biology. Recent research on therapeutic approaches is targeting nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial 1C metabolism to manage and treat metabolic (i.e., type 2 diabetes), neurodegenerative (i.e., Alzheimer's disease), or immune (i.e., rheumatoid arthritis) diseases. 1C metabolism is being explored for therapeutic intervention as a common determinant for a spectrum of immune and metabolic diseases. Identifying the association or correlation between essential metabolic products of this pathway and disease onset or prognosis would further facilitate the clinical monitoring of diseases.
The Origin of Dual‐Emission in PLICT Compounds – an Empirical Approach
Authors: Scheller Zoe Nonie , Liese David , Siera Hannah , Semleit Nina , Schmiedtchen Marco , Wölper Christoph , Haberhauer Gebhard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFluorescence spectroscopy proves to be a powerful and versatile tool in scientific research, demanding ongoing advancements of fluorescence probes to cater to a broad range of applications. The particular interest lies in the development of fluorophores with multiplexing capability, emitting from more than one excited state depending on the polarity and viscosity of the surrounding medium. Here, we present a variety of novel dual planarized intramolecular charge transfer (PLICT) emitters based on cyano‐1‐aminoindole structures. We have chosen a combination of experimental studies, theoretical calculations and the creation of a unique fluorophore cataloging map. This map serves as a useful tool for empirically determining the origin of both fluorescence bands.
Recent advances in novel materials for photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction
Authors: Lu Shanyue , Zhang Shengwei , Liu Qi , Wang Wen , Hao Ning , Wang Yajun , Li Zhou , Luo Dan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe conversion of CO2 into chemical fuels, which can be stored and utilized through photocatalysis, represents an effective, environmentally friendly, and sustainable means to address both environmental concerns and energy shortages. CO2, as a stable oxidation product, poses challenges for reduction through light energy alone, necessitating the use of catalysts. Thus, a crucial aspect of CO2 photocatalytic reduction technology lies in the development of effective photocatalysts. Based on the basic principle of PCRR (photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction), the review provides a detailed introduction to the core issues in PCRR process, including the relationship between band gap and catalyst reduction performance, effective utilization of photogenerated carriers, product selectivity, and methods for product analysis. Then, the recent research progresses of various photocatalysts are reviewed in the form of research examples combined with the above basic principles. Finally, this review summarizes and provides insights into the effective techniques for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of CO2, while also offering future prospects in this field.
Exploring corrosion protection for mild steel in HCl solution: An experimental and theoretical analysis of an antipyrine derivative as an anticorrosion agent
Authors: Aljibori Hakim S. , Alamiery Ahmed , Gaaz Tayser S. , Al‐Azzawi Waleed K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe corrosion of mild steel in HCl solution remains a critical issue in various industrial applications. In the quest for effective corrosion inhibitors, 4‐(2‐Hydroxy‐3‐Methoxybenzylideneamino) antipyrine (HMBA) has emerged as a promising candidate. This study investigates the inhibitory properties of HMBA on mild steel corrosion in HCl solution through weight loss measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) techniques. The experiments spanned over various time periods, including 1, 5, 10, 24, and 48 h. The results reveal that HMBA exhibits exceptional inhibition efficiency (IE), with an impressive 94.7% inhibition rate. This outstanding performance underscores its potential as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in aggressive HCl environments. To elucidate the adsorption behavior of HMBA on the mild steel surface, Langmuir isotherm modeling was employed, demonstrating a strong correlation between the experimental data and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Furthermore, the study employs density functional theory (DFT) to gain insight into the mechanism of HMBA inhibition. DFT calculations suggest that both physisorption and chemisorption mechanisms are involved in the interaction between HMBA and the mild steel surface. The calculated Gibbs free energy of adsorption () is found to be approximately , indicating a spontaneous and energetically favorable adsorption process. In conclusion, HMBA emerges as a highly effective corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl solution, offering impressive IE over various time intervals. The combination of experimental techniques, such as WL, EIS, and PDP, along with computational insights from DFT calculations, provides an understanding of the inhibitory properties of HMBA. These findings hold great promise for the development of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors in industrial applications.
Framing just transition: The case of sustainable food system transition in Finland
Authors: Huttunen Suvi , Tykkyläinen Riina , Kaljonen Minna , Kortetmäki Teea , Paloviita Ari 
Published: January 2024

AbstractJustice in sustainability transitions requires states to design transition policies that ‘leave no‐one behind’. Emphasising fairness, however, may entail slowing or scaling down the impetus of sustainability transition. To examine this risk empirically, we analysed how stakeholders frame justice in deliberating policy measures needed to support just transition in agricultural land use and dietary changes, the cornerstones of building healthier and climate friendlier food systems in Finland. The results show that justice frames focus on the potential impacts of transition, largely ignore global scale, and prioritise social justice claims at the cost of environmental ambition. To create just and environmentally effective policies, policymakers need to consider justice at the level of policy‐mixes combining environmental and social policies. Furthermore, they need to acknowledge systemic injustices present in existing systems while striving towards just transition.
Research on low‐carbon system of biomass combustion and solar‐energy power generation based on MP‐PIC simulation
Authors: Cui Ying , Wang Xinwang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo vigorously reduce CO2 emission in the energy sector is an inevitable choice to achieve world's carbon emission reduction and to accelerate the construction of a modern energy system. The development of CO2 capture, utilization, and storage technology (CCUS) is of great significance for promoting low carbon utilization of traditional energy and realizing the low carbon transformation of coal power industry. The joint development of biomass combustion integrated with new energy technology and consideration of fuel conversion CO2 capture from the source is a technical solution with high efficiency and low energy consumption in coordination, which will bring new development opportunities for conventional thermal power industry. In this study, a low carbon system of collaborative renewable energy CO2 source capture is constructed. Numerical simulation method of multiphase flow coupled with thermal mass transfer and chemical reaction of the combustion mathematical model is employed to study the combustion characteristics in the biomass combustion system. The combustion efficiency, carbon conversion, and pollutant emissions are calculated compared with the conventional coal combustion system. Hydrogen production and CO2 emissions are analyzed based on life cycle assessment method. The energy integration full‐chain system of geological storage and CCUS is optimized, which is committed to achieving nearly zero carbon emission in the thermal power industry, contributing to the global low CO2 emission work.
An assessment of the geomorphodiversity and land use/cover change (LUCC) effects associated with landslides in Meghalaya, India
Authors: Agrawal Navdeep , Dixit Jagabandhu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Shillong Plateau in the Eastern Himalayas is exposed to high seismicity, neo‐tectonic activity and orographic precipitation that aggravated landslides in the region by affecting hillslope processes. Landscape development is influenced by landslide phenomenon and depends upon geomorphic processes and geomorphodiversity (GmD). It is linked intimately with geomorphology, hydrology and soil type. This study uses a remote sensing and GIS‐based approach to assess the spatial linkage between GmD and landslide distribution in Meghalaya (India). GmD index (GmDI) is developed using geological, morphometric and geomorphological parameters and analysed with landslide distribution. The landslide distribution considering land use/cover change (LUCC) is also examined. The result shows that the region with high‐relief, valley and depression zone, mainly along the Dauki fault, have a high to a very high GmDI. About 61% of landslide localities are in zones of high GmDI, concentrated in the central and eastern parts of Meghalaya. Density analysis of the very high class (class 5) of GmD confirms the same. Most of these landslides occur in dense and light‐vegetated landmasses. However, the LUCC analysis reveals a significant increase in the built area on steeper slopes (average expansion ratio of 2.30 for slopes >15°) between 2017 and 2022, indicating a rising threat of landslides in urban areas of Meghalaya. The study presents the importance of GmD in active tectonic regions with particular reference to landslide potential and recent LUCC. It can aid decision‐makers in planning sustainable developments and risk mitigation strategies for landslide hazards and geoconservation.
Effectiveness of video modeling in teaching earthquake and postearthquake evacuation safety skills for children with autism
Authors: Kurt Onur , Cevher Zehra , Kutlu Metehan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of video modeling to teach safety skills during earthquakes and postearthquake evacuation to children with autism. Three male children with autism, aged 9–10 years, participated in the study. The results indicate that video modeling was effective at promoting the acquisition of “drop, cover, and hold on” and evacuation skills for all three students. Furthermore, the skills generalized to a new setting for all three participants and maintained up to 4 weeks after video modeling for the two participants for whom maintenance was evaluated. Social‐validity data were also collected from participants, their parents, and a teacher, and the findings were positive overall. Implications for instruction and future research are discussed based on the results of the study.
S‐Nitroso‐N‐acetylpenicillamine impregnated latex: A new class of barrier contraception for the prevention of intercourse‐associated UTIs
Authors: Wilson Sarah N. , Maffe Patrick , Pant Jitendra , Grommersch Bryan M. , Handa Hitesh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are some of the most common infections seen in humans, affecting over half of the female population. Though easily and quickly treatable, if gone untreated for too long, UTIs can lead to narrowing of the urethra as well as bladder and kidney infections. Due to the disease potential, it is crucial to mitigate the development of UTIs throughout healthcare. Unfortunately, sexual activity and the use of condoms have been identified as common risk factors for the development of sexually acquired UTIs. Therefore, this study outlines a potential alteration to existing condom technology to decrease the risk of developing sexually acquired UTIs using S‐nitroso‐N‐acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Herein, varying concentrations of SNAP are integrated into commercialized condoms through a facile solvent swelling method. Physical characterization studies showed that 72%–100% of the ultimate tensile strength was maintained with lower SNAP concentrations, validating the modified condom's mechanical integrity. Additionally, the evaluation of room‐temperature storage stability via NO release analysis outlined a lack of special storage conditions needed compared to commercial products. Moreover, these samples exhibited >90% relative cell viability and >96% bacterial killing, proving biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties. SNAP‐Latex maintains the desired condom durability while demonstrating excellent potential as an effective new contraceptive technology to mitigate the occurrence of sexually acquired UTIs.
Sintered fluorapatite scaffolds as an autograft‐like engineered bone graft
Authors: Nielson Clark , Agarwal Jayant , Beck James Peter , Shea Jill , Jeyapalina Sujee 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HA)‐based materials are widely used as bone substitutes due to their inherent biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and bio‐absorption properties. However, HA scaffolds lack compressive strength when compared to autograft bone. It has been shown that the fluoridated form of HA, fluorapatite (FA), can be sintered to obtain this desired strength as well as slower degradation properties. Also, FA surfaces have been previously shown to promote stem cell differentiation toward an osteogenic lineage. Thus, it was hypothesized that FA, with and without stromal vascular fraction (SVF), would guide bone healing to an equal or better extent than the clinical gold standard. The regenerative potentials of these scaffolds were tested in 32 Lewis rats in a femoral condylar defect model with untreated (negative), isograft (positive), and commercial HA as controls. Animals were survived for 12 weeks post‐implantation. A semi‐quantitative micro‐CT analysis was developed to quantify the percent new bone formation within the defects. Our model showed significantly higher (p < .05) new bone depositions in all apatite groups compared to the autograft group. Overall, the FA group had the most significant new bone deposition, while the differences between HA, FA, and FA + SVF were insignificant (p > .05). Histological observations supported the micro‐CT findings and highlighted the presence of healthy bone tissues without interposing capsules or intense immune responses for FA groups. Most importantly, the regenerating bone tissue within the FA + SVF scaffolds resembled the architecture of the surrounding trabecular bone, showing intertrabecular spaces, while the FA group presented a denser cortical bone‐like architecture. Also, a lower density of cells was observed near FA granules compared to HA surfaces, suggesting a reduced immune response. This first in vivo rat study supported the tested hypothesis, illustrating the utility of FA as a bone scaffold material.
Novel insights on the probable mechanism associated with histamine oral model‐inducing neuropathological and behavioral toxicity in rats
Authors: Mohamed Wafaa A. , Hassanen Eman I. , Mansour Hayam A. , Ibrahim Marwa A. , Azouz Rehab A. , Mahmoud Mahmoud A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHistamine (HIS) is an important chemical mediator that causes vasodilation and contributes to anaphylactic reactions. Recently, HIS is an understudied neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and its potential role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration is a critical area of research. So, the study's goal is to investigate the consequences of repeated oral intake of HIS on the rat's brain and explore the mechanistic way of its neurotoxicity. Thirty male rats were divided into three groups (n = 10). The following treatments were administered orally to all rats every day for 14 days. Group (1) was given distilled water, whereas groups (2 & 3) were given HIS at dosage levels 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (BWT), respectively. Brain tissue samples were collected at 7‐ and 14‐days from the beginning of the experiment. Our results revealed that continuous oral administration of HIS at both doses for 14 days significantly reduced the BWT and induced severe neurobehavioral changes, including depression, dullness, lethargy, tremors, abnormal walking, and loss of spatial learning and memory in rats. In all HIS receiving groups, HPLC data showed a considerable raise in the HIS contents of the brain. Additionally, the daily consumption of HIS causes oxidative stress that is dose‐ and time‐dependent which is characterized by elevation of malondialdehyde levels along with reduction of catalase activity and reduced glutathione levels. The neuropathological lesions were commonly observed in the cerebrum, striatum, and cerebellum and confirmed by the immunohistochemistry staining that demonstrating moderate to strong caspase‐3 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expressions in all HIS receiving groups, mainly those receiving 500 mg/kg HIS. NF‐κB, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β gene levels were also upregulated at 7‐ and 14‐days in all HIS groups, particularly in those getting 500 mg/kg. We concluded that ROS‐induced apoptosis and inflammation was the essential mechanism involved in HIS‐mediated neurobehavioral toxicity and histopathology.
3D Fractal Dimension Analysis: Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Trabecular Complexity in Participants with Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zheng Jin‐Yu , Chen Bing‐Hua , Wu Rui , An Dong‐Aolei , Shi Ruo‐Yang , Wu Chong‐Wen , Xie Jing‐Yu , Jiang Shan‐Shan , Jia Victor , Zhao Lei , Wu Lian‐Ming 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundArrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is characterized by progressive myocardial fibro‐fatty infiltration accompanied by trabecular disarray. Traditionally, two‐dimensional (2D) instead of 3D fractal dimension (FD) analysis has been used to evaluate trabecular disarray. However, the prognostic value of trabecular disorder assessed by 3D FD measurement remains unclear.PurposeTo investigate the prognostic value of right ventricular trabecular complexity in ACM patients using 3D FD analysis based on cardiac MR cine images.Study TypeRetrospective.Population85 ACM patients (mean age: 45 ± 17 years, 52 male).Field Strength/Sequence3.0T/cine imaging, T2‐short tau inversion recovery (T2‐STIR), and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE).AssessmentUsing cine images, RV (right ventricular) volumetric and functional parameters were obtained. RV trabecular complexity was measured with 3D fractal analysis by box‐counting method to calculate 3D‐FD. Cox and logistic regression models were established to evaluate the prognostic value of 3D‐FD for major adverse cardiac events (MACE).Statistical TestsCox regression and logistic regression to explore the prognostic value of 3D‐FD. C‐index, time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the ROC curve (AUC) to evaluate the incremental value of 3D‐FD. Intraclass correlation coefficient for interobserver variability. P < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.Results26 MACE were recorded during the 60 month follow‐up (interquartile range: 48–67 months). RV 3D‐FD significantly differed between ACM patients with MACE (2.67, interquartile range: 2.51 ~ 2.81) and without (2.52, interquartile range: 2.40 ~ 2.67) and was a significant independent risk factor for MACE (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.04). In addition, prognostic model fitness was significantly improved after adding 3D‐FD to RV global longitudinal strain, LV involvement, and 5‐year risk score separately.Data ConclusionThe myocardial trabecular complexity assessed through 3D FD analysis was found associated with MACE and provided incremental prognostic value beyond conventional ACM risk factors.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 1
Th2 and Th17‐associated immunopathology following SARS‐CoV‐2 breakthrough infection in Spike‐vaccinated ACE2‐humanized mice
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Magazine Nicholas , McGee Michael C. , Carossino Mariano , Veggiani Gianluca , Kousoulas Konstantin G. , August Avery , Huang Weishan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVaccines have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in protecting against COVID‐19; however, concerns regarding vaccine‐associated enhanced respiratory diseases (VAERD) following breakthrough infections have emerged. Spike protein subunit vaccines for SARS‐CoV‐2 induce VAERD in hamsters, where aluminum adjuvants promote a Th2‐biased immune response, leading to increased type 2 pulmonary inflammation in animals with breakthrough infections. To gain a deeper understanding of the potential risks and the underlying mechanisms of VAERD, we immunized ACE2‐humanized mice with SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein adjuvanted with aluminum and CpG‐ODN. Subsequently, we exposed them to increasing doses of SARS‐CoV‐2 to establish a breakthrough infection. The vaccine elicited robust neutralizing antibody responses, reduced viral titers, and enhanced host survival. However, following a breakthrough infection, vaccinated animals exhibited severe pulmonary immunopathology, characterized by a significant perivascular infiltration of eosinophils and CD4+ T cells, along with increased expression of Th2/Th17 cytokines. Intracellular flow cytometric analysis revealed a systemic Th17 inflammatory response, particularly pronounced in the lungs. Our data demonstrate that aluminum/CpG adjuvants induce strong antibody and Th1‐associated immunity against COVID‐19 but also prime a robust Th2/Th17 inflammatory response, which may contribute to the rapid onset of T cell‐mediated pulmonary immunopathology following a breakthrough infection. These findings underscore the necessity for further research to unravel the complexities of VAERD in COVID‐19 and to enhance vaccine formulations for broad protection and maximum safety.