bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_3Mini-Gastric Bypass, One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass, Tailored Biliopancreatic, Bypass vs. Weight Loss
Authors: Rutledge R , Kular K S , Manchanda N , Hamza Y 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Studies of different Bariatric procedures have resulted in conflicting findings on the effects of the surgery on daily Dietary Food Choices (DFCs.) Some suggest a pure volume effect, others report changes in type and preferences and still others suggest the effects change over time. The Biliopancreatic Limb (BPL) length in the One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB), Mini-Gastric Bypass-Original Technique (MGB-OT) version, includes a "tailored" BPL length. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between BPL length and DFCs in patients undergoing MGB-OT. The primary hypothesis was that the changes in dietary habits and food choices would be related to the BPL length in the MGB-OT.

Methods
Data from a long term online patient survey including MGB-OT patients were collected including basic demographics, MGB-OT BPL length, patient reported DFCs and weight loss classes. Linear regression modelling was used to assess the relative association between BPL length with various mean patient reported DFCs and a composite model of Food Choices.

Results
286 patients had responses for evaluation. Patients with BPL lengths of 3 to 9 ft (92-274cm) were selected. As reported in prior publications, patient reported mean weight loss classes varied linearly related to BPL length. The mean "Bad" Food Choices (BFC) declined from 5.7/day to 2.0/day. The mean composite "Bad" food choices declined from a mean of 2,070 DFCs per year to an estimated 745. There was a strong linear relation between BPL length and the decline in mean "Bad" daily food choices. (y=-0.3x-3, R2 = 0.7, p&lt;0.05.)

Conclusions
The present study of mean patient reported DFC outcomes following a "Tailored" BPL length in the MGB-OT version of the OAGB declined substantially. The patient dietary food choices for fried foods, sugar sweetened beverages, processed meats and junk foods all declined. These changes were linearly related to the Bilio-pancreatic limb length. In cases of the MGB-OT a longer Bilio-pancreatic Limb Length was associated with greater weight loss and a greater improvement in daily Dietary Food Choices. If confirmed by other studies the possibility of tailoring the power of a bariatric operation based upon BPL length seems like an important advancement in bariatric surgery.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_6Management of Gastrointestinal Obstruction due to Internal Hernia after Bariatric Metabolic Surgery
Authors: Sabry K 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Gastrointestinal obstructions after bariatric metabolic surgery are uncommon. They could occur in the form of internal hernias, and port site hernia as we will present in this presentation.

Objectives
This work aims to introduce novel techniques for managing gastrointestinal obstructions after bariatric metabolic surgery.

Methods
This case-series study presents 3 cases with different types of gastrointestinal obstructions after bariatric surgery and the management plan.

Results
The postoperative results in 3 patients were uneventful, with excellent recovery.

Conclusion
All types of gastrointestinal obstructions which frequently occur in general surgery could also happen after bariatric surgery. So, we must respect patient complaints even if the investigations are not conclusive, and we have to respect also rare cases of obstruction related to bariatric surgery.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_15Safety and Efficacy of Simultaneous Repair of Ventral Hernias at the time of the Bariatric surgery
Authors: Salih Kasapoglu I 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Obesity is one of the main contributors for the development of Ventral hernias. Controversies exist about the timing of the repair; those with simultaneous repair of Ventral hernia at time of obesity surgery studied regarding it is safety and efficacy.

Materials and Methods
Retrospective analysis of the patients undertaken hernial repair at the same time with bariatric surgery using V loc suture without the use of the meshes including - age, sex, BMI, size of the hernia, type of bariatric surgery, postoperative complications, and recurrence of the hernia,

Results
During the period 2018-2023 of 1500 patients undergoing bariatric surgery; 60 patients (48 females and 12 males) with Ventral hernias (40 umbilical or paraumbilical and 20 incisional hernias (18 midline and 2 Right para median). Regarding the type of the procedure (Sleeve Gastrectomy= 52, Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass=2, SASI=2, MGB-OAGB=1, TB=1 and Revisional surgery 2 patients. Average BMI was 41, hospital stay 2 nights, no major postoperative complications and hernia recurrence occurred in one patient.

Conclusions
Ventral hernias can be repaired at the time of Bariatric Surgery safely and effectively using V Loc suture, however further studies must be done to support the study.
Exploring apolipoprotein C-III: pathophysiological and pharmacological relevance
Authors: Packard Chris J , Pirillo Angela , Tsimikas Sotirios , Ference Brian A , Catapano Alberico L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The availability of pharmacological approaches able to effectively reduce circulating LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) has led to a substantial reduction in the risk of atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, a residual cardiovascular (CV) risk persists in treated individuals with optimal levels of LDL-C. Additional risk factors beyond LDL-C are involved, and among these, elevated levels of triglycerides (TGs) and TG-rich lipoproteins are causally associated with an increased CV risk. Apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) is a key regulator of TG metabolism and hence circulating levels through several mechanisms including the inhibition of lipoprotein lipase activity and alterations in the affinity of apoC-III-containing lipoproteins for both the hepatic receptors involved in their removal and extracellular matrix in the arterial wall. Genetic studies have clarified the role of apoC-III in humans, establishing a causal link with CVD and showing that loss-of-function mutations in the APOC3 gene are associated with reduced TG levels and reduced risk of coronary heart disease. Currently available hypolipidaemic drugs can reduce TG levels, although to a limited extent. Substantial reductions in TG levels can be obtained with new drugs that target specifically apoC-III; these include two antisense oligonucleotides, one small interfering RNA and an antibody.
Southern pine beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and its associated insect community: similarities and key differences between northeastern and southeastern pine forests
Authors: Kanaskie Caroline R , Dodds Kevin J , Stephen Fred M , Garnas Jeff R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We examine consequences of climate-induced range expansion on community composition and diversity within trees attacked by the southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann). At the northernmost limit of the southern pine beetle range where populations have persisted for multiple years (currently Long Island, NY), we collected and reared bark samples and placed emergence traps on southern pine beetle-attacked pitch pine, Pinus rigida Mill. (Pinales: Pinaceae). From these samples, we quantified southern pine beetle gallery length and emergence as well as the diversity and abundance of all associated insects including known and suspected competitors, predators, and parasitoids. We compared our results to that of historic sampling data (1975–1997) in the core of southern pine beetle’s range in the southern United States. Key community members were present in both the northern and southern regions; composition and relative abundances differed markedly. A key predator, the clerid beetle Thanasimus dubius (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), was present in similar densities in both regions. Southern pine beetle infested a greater proportion of the length of the tree bole in the North. This increased tree utilization may be a consequence of a lack of resource competition by Ips De Geer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) engraver beetles, which we found only in very low abundance in the northern sites. We discuss the implications of these results in the context of southern pine beetle range expansion. Continued study of the southern pine beetle community and temporal southern pine beetle dynamics in the North will add to our current knowledge base and aid preservation of rare and ecologically valuable pine barrens of New England.
Oral glucose has little or no effect on appetite and satiety sensations despite a significant gastrointestinal response
Authors: Lauritsen Julius V , Bergmann Natasha , Junker Anders E , Gyldenløve Mette , Skov Lone , Gluud Lise L , Hartmann Bolette , Holst Jens J , Vilsbøll Tina , Knop Filip K 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
The effect of oral glucose-induced release of gastrointestinal hormones on satiety and appetite independently of prevailing plasma glucose excursions is unknown. The objective is to investigate the effect of oral glucose on appetite and satiety sensations as compared to isoglycemic IV glucose infusion (IIGI) in healthy volunteers.

Design
A crossover study involving two study days for each participant.

Participants
Nineteen healthy participants (6 women, mean age 55.1 [SD 14.2] years; mean body mass index 26.7 [SD 2.2] kg/m2).

Interventions
Each participant underwent a 3-h 50-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and, on a subsequent study day, an IIGI mimicking the glucose excursions from the OGTT. On both study days, appetite and satiety were indicated regularly on visual analog scale (VAS), and blood was drawn regularly for measurement of pancreatic and gut hormones.

Primary outcomes
Difference in appetite and satiety sensations during OGTT and IIGI.

Results
Circulating concentrations of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (P &lt; .0001), glucagon-like peptide 1 (P &lt; .0001), insulin (P &lt; .0001), C-peptide (P &lt; .0001), and neurotensin (P = .003) increased significantly during the OGTT as compared to the IIGI, whereas glucagon responses were similarly suppressed (P = .991). Visual analog scale-assessed ratings of hunger, satiety, fullness, thirst, well-being, and nausea, respectively, were similar during OGTT and IIGI whether assessed as mean 0–3-h values or area under the curves. For both groups, a similar, slow increase in appetite and decrease in satiation were observed. Area under the curve, for prospective food consumption (P = .049) and overall appetite score (P = .044) were slightly lower during OGTT compared to IIGI, whereas mean 0–3-h values were statistically similar for prospective food consumption (P = .053) and overall appetite score (P = .063).

Conclusions
Despite eliciting robust responses of appetite-reducing and/or satiety-promoting gut hormones, we found that oral glucose administration has little or no effect on appetite and satiety as compared to an IIGI, not affecting the release of appetite-modulating hormones.

Trial registry no
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01492283 and NCT06064084.
Active natural compounds perturb the melanoma risk-gene network
Authors: Shao Luying , Zhao Yibo , Heinrich Michael , Prieto-Garcia Jose M , Manzoni Claudia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer with a complex genetic landscape caused by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. This study aimed at providing an in silico network model based on the systematic profiling of the melanoma-associated genes considering germline mutations, somatic mutations, and genome-wide association study signals accounting for a total of 232 unique melanoma risk genes. A protein–protein interaction network was constructed using the melanoma risk genes as seeds and evaluated to describe the functional landscape in which the melanoma genes operate within the cellular milieu. Not only were the majority of the melanoma risk genes able to interact with each other at the protein level within the core of the network, but this showed significant enrichment for genes whose expression is altered in human melanoma specimens. Functional annotation showed the melanoma risk network to be significantly associated with processes related to DNA metabolism and telomeres, DNA damage and repair, cellular ageing, and response to radiation. We further explored whether the melanoma risk network could be used as an in silico tool to predict the efficacy of anti-melanoma phytochemicals, that are considered active molecules with potentially less systemic toxicity than classical cytotoxic drugs. A significant portion of the melanoma risk network showed differential expression when SK-MEL-28 human melanoma cells were exposed to the phytochemicals harmine and berberine chloride. This reinforced our hypothesis that the network modeling approach not only provides an alternative way to identify molecular pathways relevant to disease but it may also represent an alternative screening approach to prioritize potentially active compounds.
Phylogenetic and Protein Structure Analyses Provide Insight into the Evolution and Diversification of the CD36 Domain “Apex” among Scavenger Receptor Class B Proteins across Eukarya
Authors: Boohar Reed T , Vandepas Lauren E , Traylor-Knowles Nikki , Browne William E 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) domain defines the characteristic ectodomain associated with class B scavenger receptor (SR-B) proteins. In bilaterians, SR-Bs play critical roles in diverse biological processes including innate immunity functions such as pathogen recognition and apoptotic cell clearance, as well as metabolic sensing associated with fatty acid uptake and cholesterol transport. Although previous studies suggest this protein family is ancient, SR-B diversity across Eukarya has not been robustly characterized. We analyzed SR-B homologs identified from the genomes and transcriptomes of 165 diverse eukaryotic species. The presence of highly conserved amino acid motifs across major eukaryotic supergroups supports the presence of a SR-B homolog in the last eukaryotic common ancestor. Our comparative analyses of SR-B protein structure identify the retention of a canonical asymmetric beta barrel tertiary structure within the CD36 ectodomain across Eukarya. We also identify multiple instances of independent lineage-specific sequence expansions in the apex region of the CD36 ectodomain—a region functionally associated with ligand-sensing. We hypothesize that a combination of both sequence expansion and structural variation in the CD36 apex region may reflect the evolution of SR-B ligand-sensing specificity between diverse eukaryotic clades.
Functional Divergence in Solute Permeability between Ray-Finned Fish-Specific Paralogs of aqp10
Authors: Imaizumi Genki , Ushio Kazutaka , Nishihara Hidenori , Braasch Ingo , Watanabe Erika , Kumagai Shiori , Furuta Tadaomi , Matsuzaki Koji , Romero Michael F , Kato Akira , Nagashima Ayumi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aquaporin (Aqp) 10 is a member of the aquaglyceroporin subfamily of water channels, and human Aqp10 is permeable to solutes such as glycerol, urea, and boric acid. Tetrapods have a single aqp10 gene, whereas ray-finned fishes have paralogs of this gene through tandem duplication, whole-genome duplication, and subsequent deletion. A previous study on Aqps in the Japanese pufferfish Takifugu rubripes showed that one pufferfish paralog, Aqp10.2b, was permeable to water and glycerol, but not to urea and boric acid. To understand the functional differences of Aqp10s between humans and pufferfish from an evolutionary perspective, we analyzed Aqp10s from an amphibian (Xenopus laevis) and a lobe-finned fish (Protopterus annectens) and Aqp10.1 and Aqp10.2 from several ray-finned fishes (Polypterus senegalus, Lepisosteus oculatus, Danio rerio, and Clupea pallasii). The expression of tetrapod and lobe-finned fish Aqp10s and Aqp10.1-derived Aqps in ray-finned fishes in Xenopus oocytes increased the membrane permeabilities to water, glycerol, urea, and boric acid. In contrast, Aqp10.2-derived Aqps in ray-finned fishes increased water and glycerol permeabilities, whereas those of urea and boric acid were much weaker than those of Aqp10.1-derived Aqps. These results indicate that water, glycerol, urea, and boric acid permeabilities are plesiomorphic activities of Aqp10s and that the ray-finned fish-specific Aqp10.2 paralogs have secondarily reduced or lost urea and boric acid permeability.
Frailty Trajectories in Chinese Older Adults: Evidence From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Guo Yanfei , Ng Nawi , Hassler Sven , Wu Fan , Miao Jonasson Junmei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The individual heterogeneity in the progression of frailty has not been fully disclosed. Studies on frailty trajectories in Chinese older adults are rare and lack evidence suggesting that the frailty trajectories follow similar patterns to those in other countries. This study aims to identify distinct frailty trajectories in a nationwide cohort of community-dwelling older adults in China and explore the relationship between demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors, and frailty trajectories.

Research Design and Methods
We included an analytical sample of 8,993 individuals aged 50 and older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. We used group-based trajectory models to identify patterns of frailty trajectories over time. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors, and group membership.

Results
Three frailty trajectories were identified: “Low and stable trajectory” (56.8% of the respondents), “Moderate and increasing trajectory” (34.4%), and “High and increasing trajectory” (8.8%). Older age (odds ratio [OR] = 7.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.90–9.20), being female (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.42–2.27), no formal education (OR = 4.91, 95% CI: 2.33–10.36), living in rural areas (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01–1.47), low level of physical activity (OR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.94–3.62), and residing in Northeast China (OR = 3.53, 95% CI: 2.56–4.88) were associated with the rapid progression of frailty, whereas moderate alcohol consumption appears to be associated with low and stable frailty trajectory (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.35–0.58).

Discussion and Implications
The findings of the study emphasize a significant number of older adults with moderate and increasing as well as high and increasing frailty trajectories in China, which is cause for concern.
Digestibility of energy and concentrations of metabolizable energy and net energy varies among sources of bakery meal when fed to growing pigs
Authors: Stein Hans H , Adeola Olayiwola , Kim Sung Woo , Miller Phillip S , Adedokun Sunday A ,   North Central Coordinating Committee on Swine Nutrition (NCCC-42), Azain M J , Baidoo S K , Carter S D , Crenshaw T D , Dilger R , Hill G M , Jha R , Kerr B J , Liao S , Liu Y , Nelssen J L , Patience J F , Shannon M S , Woyengo T , Beitz D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The null hypothesis that there are no differences in concentrations of digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and net energy (NE) among different sources of bakery meal was tested in a regional experiment involving 5 of the universities on the North Central Coordinating Committee-42 on Swine Nutrition. Eleven sources of bakery meal were procured from the swine producing areas in the United States and included in one diet as the only energy containing ingredient, and each diet was then divided into 5 batches that were used at the University of Illinois, Purdue University, University of Kentucky, University of Nebraska, and North Carolina State University. At each university, diets were fed to 22 growing pigs (2 pigs per diet) that were placed in metabolism crates, and feces and urine were collected for 5 d after a 7-d adaptation period. Diets and collected samples of feces and urine were dried and analyzed for gross energy. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM) and gross energy and concentrations of DE, ME, and NE were calculated. Results indicated that there were considerable variation in the nutritional composition among the different sources of bakery meal with relatively large coefficients of variation for crude protein, starch, and acid hydrolyzed ether extract, but it was possible to analyze all sources of bakery meal to account for 100% of the ingredients. The average DE, ME, and NE in the 11 sources of bakery meal was 3,827, 3,678, and 2,799 kcal/kg DM, respectively. However, in contrast to the hypothesis, differences (P &lt; 0.05) among sources of bakery meal in concentrations of DE (3,827 ± 201 kcal/kg DM), ME 3,678 ± 200 kcal/kg DM), and NE (2,799 ± 156 kcal/kg DM) were observed, but the variation among the 11 sources of bakery meal was not greater than what is usually observed among different sources of other ingredients. The differences observed are likely a consequence of the different product streams and production procedures used to produce the bakery meal. In conclusion, the average DE, ME, and NE in 11 sources of bakery meal is close to values previously reported, but there is some variation among sources depending on origin.
Effects of dietary supplementation with 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane production, rumen fermentation, and performance in young growing beef cattle offered a 50:50 forage:concentrate diet
Authors: Kirwan Stuart F , Tamassia Luis F M , Walker Nicola D , Karagiannis Alexios , Kindermann Maik , Waters Sinéad M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There is an urgent requirement internationally to reduce enteric methane (CH4) emissions from ruminants to meet greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets. Dietary supplementation with feed additives is one possible strategy under investigation as an effective solution. The effects of the CH4 inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) at reducing CH4 emissions in beef have been shown mainly in adult cattle consuming backgrounding and high-energy finishing diets. In this study, the effects of dietary supplementation of young growing (≤6 mo) beef cattle with 3-NOP were examined in a 50:50 forage:concentrate diet. A total of 68 Dairy × Beef (Aberdeen Angus and Hereford dairy cross) male calves (≤6 mo of age at the start of experiment, body weight: 147 ± 38 kg) underwent a 3-wk acclimatization period and were then assigned to one of two treatments in a completely randomized block design. Dietary treatments were (1) control, placebo (no 3-NOP), and (2) 3-NOP applied at 150 mg kg−1 DM. Calves were fed a partial mixed ration for 12 wk. Body weight was recorded weekly and feed intake daily using the Calan Broadbent feeding system. Methane and hydrogen emissions were measured using the GreenFeed system. Total weight gained, dry matter intake (DMI), and average daily gain were not affected by 3-NOP (P &gt; 0.05) supplementation. On average, the inclusion of 3-NOP decreased (P &lt; 0.001) CH4 emissions: g d−1; g kg−1 DMI; by 30.6% and 27.2%, respectively, during the study with a greater reduction occurring over time. Incorporating 3-NOP into beef cattle diets is an efficient solution to decrease CH4 emissions during indoor feeding and when offered 50:50 forage:concentrate diet.