bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of RND3/RHOE controls entosis through LAMP1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Basbous Sara , Dif Lydia , Dantzer Camille , Di-Tommaso Sylvaine , Dupuy Jean-William , Bioulac-Sage Paulette , Raymond Anne-Aurélie , Desdouets Chantal , Saltel Frédéric , Moreau Violaine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEntosis is a process that leads to the formation of cell-in-cell structures commonly found in cancers. Here, we identified entosis in hepatocellular carcinoma and the loss of Rnd3 (also known as RhoE) as an efficient inducer of this mechanism. We characterized the different stages and the molecular regulators of entosis induced after Rnd3 silencing. We demonstrated that this process depends on the RhoA/ROCK pathway, but not on E-cadherin. The proteomic profiling of entotic cells allowed us to identify LAMP1 as a protein upregulated by Rnd3 silencing and implicated not only in the degradation final stage of entosis, but also in the full mechanism. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between the presence of entotic cells and the metastatic potential of tumors in human patient samples. Altogether, these data suggest the involvement of entosis in liver tumor progression and highlight a new perspective for entosis analysis in medicine research as a novel therapeutic target.
Amino acid metabolism in tumor biology and therapy
Authors: Chen Jie , Cui Likun , Lu Shaoteng , Xu Sheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAmino acid metabolism plays important roles in tumor biology and tumor therapy. Accumulating evidence has shown that amino acids contribute to tumorigenesis and tumor immunity by acting as nutrients, signaling molecules, and could also regulate gene transcription and epigenetic modification. Therefore, targeting amino acid metabolism will provide new ideas for tumor treatment and become an important therapeutic approach after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent progress of amino acid metabolism in malignancy and their interaction with signal pathways as well as their effect on tumor microenvironment and epigenetic modification. Collectively, we also highlight the potential therapeutic application and future expectation.
Digital automation of transdermal drug delivery with high spatiotemporal resolution
Authors: Wang Yihang , Chen Zeka , Davis Brayden , Lipman Will , Xing Sicheng , Zhang Lin , Wang Tian , Hafiz Priyash , Xie Wanrong , Yan Zijie , Huang Zhili , Song Juan , Bai Wubin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTransdermal drug delivery is of vital importance for medical treatments. However, user adherence to long-term repetitive drug delivery poses a grand challenge. Furthermore, the dynamic and unpredictable disease progression demands a pharmaceutical treatment that can be actively controlled in real-time to ensure medical precision and personalization. Here, we report a spatiotemporal on-demand patch (SOP) that integrates drug-loaded microneedles with biocompatible metallic membranes to enable electrically triggered active control of drug release. Precise control of drug release to targeted locations (<1 mm2), rapid drug release response to electrical triggers (<30 s), and multi-modal operation involving both drug release and electrical stimulation highlight the novelty. Solution-based fabrication ensures high customizability and scalability to tailor the SOP for various pharmaceutical needs. The wireless-powered and digital-controlled SOP demonstrates great promise in achieving full automation of drug delivery, improving user adherence while ensuring medical precision. Based on these characteristics, we utilized SOPs in sleep studies. We revealed that programmed release of exogenous melatonin from SOPs improve sleep of mice, indicating potential values for basic research and clinical treatments.
Personalising intravenous to oral antibiotic switch decision making through fair interpretable machine learning
Authors: Bolton William J. , Wilson Richard , Gilchrist Mark , Georgiou Pantelis , Holmes Alison , Rawson Timothy M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) and healthcare associated infections pose a significant threat globally. One key prevention strategy is to follow antimicrobial stewardship practices, in particular, to maximise targeted oral therapy and reduce the use of indwelling vascular devices for intravenous (IV) administration. Appreciating when an individual patient can switch from IV to oral antibiotic treatment is often non-trivial and not standardised. To tackle this problem we created a machine learning model to predict when a patient could switch based on routinely collected clinical parameters. 10,362 unique intensive care unit stays were extracted and two informative feature sets identified. Our best model achieved a mean AUROC of 0.80 (SD 0.01) on the hold-out set while not being biased to individuals protected characteristics. Interpretability methodologies were employed to create clinically useful visual explanations. In summary, our model provides individualised, fair, and interpretable predictions for when a patient could switch from IV-to-oral antibiotic treatment. Prospectively evaluation of safety and efficacy is needed before such technology can be applied clinically.
Giant intrinsic photovoltaic effect in one-dimensional van der Waals grain boundaries
Authors: Zhou Yongheng , Zhou Xin , Yu Xiang-Long , Liang Zihan , Zhao Xiaoxu , Wang Taihong , Miao Jinshui , Chen Xiaolong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe photovoltaic effect lies at the heart of eco-friendly energy harvesting. However, the conversion efficiency of traditional photovoltaic effect utilizing the built-in electric effect in p-n junctions is restricted by the Shockley-Queisser limit. Alternatively, intrinsic/bulk photovoltaic effect (IPVE/BPVE), a second-order nonlinear optoelectronic effect arising from the broken inversion symmetry of crystalline structure, can overcome this theoretical limit. Here, we uncover giant and robust IPVE in one-dimensional (1D) van der Waals (vdW) grain boundaries (GBs) in a layered semiconductor, ReS2. The IPVE-induced photocurrent densities in vdW GBs are among the highest reported values compared with all kinds of material platforms. Furthermore, the IPVE-induced photocurrent is gate-tunable with a polarization-independent component along the GBs, which is preferred for energy harvesting. The observed IPVE in vdW GBs demonstrates a promising mechanism for emerging optoelectronics applications.
Changes in real-world walking speed following 60-day bed-rest
Authors: Grassi Marcello , Von Der Straten Fiona , Pearce Charlotte , Lee Jessica , Mider Marcin , Mittag Uwe , Sies Wolfram , Mulder Edwin , Daumer Martin , Rittweger Jörn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aim of this work was to explore whether real-world walking speed (RWS) would change as a consequence of 60-day bed-rest. The main hypothesis was that daily RWS would decrease after the bed-rest, with a subsequent recovery during the first days of re-ambulation. Moreover, an exploratory analysis was done in order to understand whether there is an agreement between the loss in RWS after bed-rest and the loss in the maximum oxygen uptake capacity (VO2max), or the loss in maximal vertical jump power (JUMP) respectively. Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a continuous artificial gravity group, an intermittent artificial gravity group, or a control group. The fitted linear mixed effects model showed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) of RWS after the 60-day bed-rest and a subsequent increase (p < 0.001) of RWS during the 14-day recovery period in the study facility. No or little agreement was found between the loss in RWS and the loss in VO2max capacity or the loss in maximal vertical jumping power (RWS vs. VO2max: p = 0.81, RWS vs. JUMP: p = 0.173). Decreased RWS after bed-rest, with a follow-up recovery was observed for all three groups, regardless of the training intervention. This suggests that RWS, also in these settings, was able to reflect a de-conditioning and follow-up recovery process.
Modelling large scale artery haemodynamics from the heart to the eye in response to simulated microgravity
Authors: Caddy Harrison T. , Kelsey Lachlan J. , Parker Louis P. , Green Daniel J. , Doyle Barry J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe investigated variations in haemodynamics in response to simulated microgravity across a semi-subject-specific three-dimensional (3D) continuous arterial network connecting the heart to the eye using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Using this model we simulated pulsatile blood flow in an upright Earth gravity case and a simulated microgravity case. Under simulated microgravity, regional time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) increased and oscillatory shear index (OSI) decreased in upper body arteries, whilst the opposite was observed in the lower body. Between cases, uniform changes in TAWSS and OSI were found in the retina across diameters. This work demonstrates that 3D CFD simulations can be performed across continuously connected networks of small and large arteries. Simulated results exhibited similarities to low dimensional spaceflight simulations and measured data—specifically that blood flow and shear stress decrease towards the lower limbs and increase towards the cerebrovasculature and eyes in response to simulated microgravity, relative to an upright position in Earth gravity.
High-resolution repeat topography of drifting ice floes in the Arctic Ocean from terrestrial laser scanning
Authors: Clemens-Sewall David , Polashenski Chris , Raphael Ian A. , Parno Matthew , Perovich Don , Itkin Polona , Jaggi Matthias , Jutila Arttu , Macfarlane Amy R. , Matero Ilkka S. O. , Oggier Marc , Visser Ronald J. W. , Wagner David N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSnow and ice topography impact and are impacted by fluxes of mass, energy, and momentum in Arctic sea ice. We measured the topography on approximately a 0.5 km2 drifting parcel of Arctic sea ice on 42 separate days from 18 October 2019 to 9 May 2020 via Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS). These data are aligned into an ice-fixed, lagrangian reference frame such that topographic changes (e.g., snow accumulation) can be observed for time periods of up to six months. Using in-situ measurements, we have validated the vertical accuracy of the alignment to ± 0.011 m. This data collection and processing workflow is the culmination of several prior measurement campaigns and may be generally applied for repeat TLS measurements on drifting sea ice. We present a description of the data, a software package written to process and align these data, and the philosophy of the data processing. These data can be used to investigate snow accumulation and redistribution, ice dynamics, surface roughness, and they can provide valuable context for co-located measurements.
Physical interpretation of non-normalizable harmonic oscillator states and relaxation to pilot-wave equilibrium
Authors: Sen Indrajit 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNon-normalizable states are difficult to interpret in the orthodox quantum formalism but often occur as solutions to physical constraints in quantum gravity. We argue that pilot-wave theory gives a straightforward physical interpretation of non-normalizable quantum states, as the theory requires only a normalized density of configurations to generate statistical predictions. In order to better understand such states, we conduct the first study of non-normalizable solutions of the harmonic oscillator from a pilot-wave perspective. We show that, contrary to intuitions from orthodox quantum mechanics, the non-normalizable eigenstates and their superpositions are bound states in the sense that the velocity field $$v_y \rightarrow 0$$

v
y

→
0

at large $$\pm y$$

±
y

. We argue that defining a physically meaningful equilibrium density for such states requires a new notion of equilibrium, named pilot-wave equilibrium, which is a generalisation of the notion of quantum equilibrium. We define a new H-function $$H_{pw}$$

H

pw

, and prove that a density in pilot-wave equilibrium minimises $$H_{pw}$$

H

pw

, is equivariant, and remains in equilibrium with time. We prove an H-theorem for the coarse-grained $$H_{pw}$$

H

pw

, under assumptions similar to those for relaxation to quantum equilibrium. We give an explanation of the emergence of quantization in pilot-wave theory in terms of instability of non-normalizable states due to perturbations and environmental interactions. Lastly, we discuss applications in quantum field theory and quantum gravity, and implications for pilot-wave theory and quantum foundations in general.
ScabyNet, a user-friendly application for detecting common scab in potato tubers using deep learning and morphological traits
Authors: Leiva Fernanda , Abdelghafour Florent , Alsheikh Muath , Nagy Nina E. , Davik Jahn , Chawade Aakash 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCommon scab (CS) is a major bacterial disease causing lesions on potato tubers, degrading their appearance and reducing their market value. To accurately grade scab-infected potato tubers, this study introduces “ScabyNet”, an image processing approach combining color-morphology analysis with deep learning techniques. ScabyNet estimates tuber quality traits and accurately detects and quantifies CS severity levels from color images. It is presented as a standalone application with a graphical user interface comprising two main modules. One module identifies and separates tubers on images and estimates quality-related morphological features. In addition, it enables the extraction of tubers as standard tiles for the deep-learning module. The deep-learning module detects and quantifies the scab infection into five severity classes related to the relative infected area. The analysis was performed on a dataset of 7154 images of individual tiles collected from field and glasshouse experiments. Combining the two modules yields essential parameters for quality and disease inspection. The first module simplifies imaging by replacing the region proposal step of instance segmentation networks. Furthermore, the approach is an operational tool for an affordable phenotyping system that selects scab-resistant genotypes while maintaining their market standards.
Diffusion probabilistic models enhance variational autoencoder for crystal structure generative modeling
Authors: Pakornchote Teerachote , Choomphon-anomakhun Natthaphon , Arrerut Sorrjit , Atthapak Chayanon , Khamkaeo Sakarn , Chotibut Thiparat , Bovornratanaraks Thiti 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe crystal diffusion variational autoencoder (CDVAE) is a machine learning model that leverages score matching to generate realistic crystal structures that preserve crystal symmetry. In this study, we leverage novel diffusion probabilistic (DP) models to denoise atomic coordinates rather than adopting the standard score matching approach in CDVAE. Our proposed DP-CDVAE model can reconstruct and generate crystal structures whose qualities are statistically comparable to those of the original CDVAE. Furthermore, notably, when comparing the carbon structures generated by the DP-CDVAE model with relaxed structures obtained from density functional theory calculations, we find that the DP-CDVAE generated structures are remarkably closer to their respective ground states. The energy differences between these structures and the true ground states are, on average, 68.1 meV/atom lower than those generated by the original CDVAE. This significant improvement in the energy accuracy highlights the effectiveness of the DP-CDVAE model in generating crystal structures that better represent their ground-state configurations.
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in a bariatric surgical unit is a complex but feasible project
Authors: Dargent Jerome 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObesity is a growing issue worldwide, whose causes and consequences are linked to the environment and which therefore has a high carbon footprint. On the other hand, obesity surgery, along with other procedures in surgical suites, entails environmental consequences and responsibilities. We conducted a prospective comparative study on two groups of bariatric interventions (N = 59 and 56, respectively) during two consecutive periods of time (Oct 2021–March 2022), first without and then with specific measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions related to bariatric procedures by approximately 18%. These measures included recycling of disposable surgical equipment, minimizing its use, and curbing anesthetic gas emissions. Further and continuous efforts/incentives are warranted, including reframing the surgical strategies. Instead of comparing measurements, which is difficult at the present time, we suggest defining an ECO-SCORE in operating rooms, among other healthcare facilities.
Relevant parameters for laser surgery of soft tissue
Authors: Hohmann Martin , Kühn David , Ni Dongqin , Späth Moritz , Ghosh Anindya , Rohde Maximilian , Stelzle Florian , Klämpfl Florian , Schmidt Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the laser has become an important tool in hospitals. Laser surgery in particular has many advantages. However, there is still a lack of the understanding of the influence of the relevant parameters for laser surgery. In order to fill this gap, the parameters pulse frequency, use of an exhaustion system, air cooling, laser power, laser scan speed, laser line energy and waiting time between cuts were analysed by ANOVA using inter-animal variation as a benchmark. The quality of the cuts was quantized by a previously published scoring system. A total of 1710 cuts were performed with a$$\text {CO}_2$$CO2laser. Of the parameters investigated, laser power and scan speed have the strongest influence. Only the right combination of these two parameters allows good results. Other effects, such as the use of pulsed or continuous wave (CW) laser operation, or air cooling, show a small or negligible influence. By modulating only the laser power and scan speed, an almost perfect cut can be achieved with a$$\text {CO}_2$$CO2laser, regardless of the external cooling used or the laser pulse duration or repetition rate from CW to nanosecond pulses.
Health involvement modulates physician preference in the brain during online health consultation
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Wan Yan , Rao Hengyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn traditional offline health-seeking behavior, patients consistently exhibit a preference for similar types of physicians due to limited access to physicians’ information. Nevertheless, with the advent of online health consultation platforms offering comprehensive physicians’ information for patients, raises the question: do patients continue to exhibit uniform preference for physicians? To address this issue, we first employed a behavioral experiment to discern patients’ preferences for different types of physicians’ information under different health involvement, and then conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment to furnish neural/physiological evidence. The results showed that health involvement modulates patients’ preferences, when health involvement was low, patients had diverse preferences for physicians, that is, different types of physicians’ information could individually impact patients’ choice and could serve as substitutes for each other. When health involvement was high, patients’ preference for physicians were uniform, highlighting that the collective influence of different types of physicians’ information on patients’ choice behavior. From the neural level, an explanation for the results was that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) and ventral striatum (VS) brain regions, two key brain regions reflecting individual cognitive resource allocation, had different activation levels under different health involvement, indicating that patients allocated different cognitive resources.
Development of novel amino-ethyl chitosan hydrogel for the removal of methyl orange azo dye model
Authors: Tamer Tamer M. , Abbas Rafik , Sadik Wagih A. , Omer Ahmed M. , Abd-Ellatif Mai M. , Mohy-Eldin Mohamed S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present study introduces a new and straightforward method for the amination of Chitosan. This method involves coupling Chitosan (CS) with 2-chloroethylamine (ENH2) in a single step to produce an amino-ethyl Chitosan derivatives with increased amine group content (CS-ENH2) using click chemistry. The resulting derivatives were then crosslinked using Glutaraldehyde to form amino-ethyl Chitosan Schiff bases. The novel amino-ethyl Chitosan Schiff bases were subsequently utilized as adsorbents for the removal of Methyl Orange (MO) dye from aqueous solutions using a batch technique, and the performance of the produced Schiff bases was compared with that of the native Chitosan Schiff base. The CS-ENH2 adsorbents show improved adsorption capacity up to 300% of the native Chitosan Schiff base with almost double removal rate. The adsorption temperature has a positive impact in general while almost 100% of MO removed at 60 °C using CS-ENH2 adsorbents compared with 66% of the native Chitosan Schiff base adsorbent. The adsorption pH shows a negative impact on the MO removal percent. That effect reduced sharply using the CS-ENH2 adsorbents with higher amination degree while the MO removal percent almost being constant over a wide range of pH; 2.0–7.0. The agitation speed has the same positive effect over all the adsorbents. However, the rate of MO removal percent decreased with increase the agitation speed up to 250 rpm. The experimental findings demonstrated that the highest percentage of MO dye removal was achieved under the conditions of pH 2.0, a temperature of 60 °C, agitation speed of 250 rpm, and adsorption duration of 90 min. These Schiff bases were subsequently characterized using advanced analytical techniques including Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC), and Scanning Electron Microscopy.
The interplay between mental health and dosage for gaming disorder risk: a brief report
Authors: Strojny Paweł , Żuber Magdalena , Strojny Agnieszka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe relationship between gaming time and gaming disorder can be moderated by other variables. This study aimed to test the moderating role of mental health. Participants (N = 461) were recruited online. Gaming time was a statistically significant predictor of gaming disorder risk, with an explained variance of 3.3%. The goodness of fit of the model that took into account both moderators (anxiety and depression) improved to 13.9%. The interaction between gaming time and both moderators was significant. The results showed that depression and anxiety acted as moderators of the dosage effect, possibly by amplifying the gratification of playing games and thus contributing to the development of gaming disorder. It may be important in practise, as it seems to place the mental health at the right place, namely among risk factors that can contribute to gaming disorder in combination with a key trigger, which is gaming.