bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation model for a national learning health system (IMPLEMENT-National LHS): a concept analysis and systematic review protocol
Authors: Gartner Jean-Baptiste , Benharbit Boutheina , Layani Géraldine , Sasseville Maxime , Lemaire Célia , Bergeron Frédéric , Wilhelmy Catherine , Menear Matthew , Côté André 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDespite efforts and repeated calls to improve the organisation and quality of healthcare and services, and in view of the many challenges facing health systems, the results and capacity to adapt and integrate innovations and new knowledge remain suboptimal. Learning health systems (LHS) may be an effective model to accelerate the application of research for real quality improvement in healthcare. However, while recognising the enormous potential of LHS, the literature suggests the model remains more of an aspiration than a reality.Methods and analysisTo reach a fine understanding of the implementation of the concepts involved in LHS, we will use a hybrid method which combines concept analyses with systematic review methodology. We will use a two-step analysis, a content analysis to analyse the definitions, uses and attributes of the concept and a systematic review to analyse the concept’s implementation mechanisms. We will search eight databases and grey literature and present a broad synthesis of the available evidence regarding design, implementation and evaluation of LHS in a multilevel perspective. We will follow the latest Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement for conducting and reporting a systematic review. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria followed by full-text screening of potentially relevant articles for final inclusion decision. Conflicts will be resolved with a senior author. We will include published primary studies that use qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods. The assessment of risk of bias will be made using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review is exempt from ethics approval. The results formulated will highlight evidence-based interventions that support the implementation of a national LHS. They will be of particular interest to decision makers, researchers, managers, clinicians and patients allowing finally to implement the promising proposal of LHSs at national scale.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023393565.
Recruitment strategies and interventions to increase participation in lung cancer screening programmes: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Djuric Olivera , Venturelli Francesco , Bassi Maria Chiara , Gorini Giuseppe , Paci Eugenio , Mantellini Paola , Giorgi Rossi Paolo 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionDespite strong evidence for the efficacy of low-radiation dose CT (LDCT) in reducing lung cancer (LC) mortality, implementing LC screening (LCS) programmes remains a challenge. We aim to systematically review the evidence on the strategies used to recruit the adult population at risk of LC to LDCT within LCS programmes and to estimate the effectiveness of interventions identified, used to reach the potentially eligible population, increase participation and informed choice, and ensure equitable access.Methods and analysisThis sequential systematic literature review will consist of three steps: (1) a scoping review of existing strategies and organisational models for LCS; (2) selecting papers reporting relevant outcomes (test coverage, screening participation and informed choice) and comparing results among different models; (3) a systematic review of interventions implemented to increase participation in LCS programmes. Each step will follow the methodological guidelines provided by the Cochrane Collaboration and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Data sources include electronic databases such as Medline (PubMed version), Embase, CINAHL (Ebsco version), Scopus and Cochrane CENTRAL. The search will be limited to studies published from January 2000 to March 2023 in English, Italian, French, Spanish, Serbian and Croatian language. Findings will be synthesised quantitatively and qualitatively as appropriate. Risk of bias assessment will be only applied to studies selected in the second and third steps. The quality of evidence will be summarised for each outcome using the Grading Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology.Ethics and disseminationGiven that this is a review of existing literature, ethics approval is not required. The results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and presented at relevant conferences. The findings of this review will help guide health authorities in organising LCS programmes and developing recommendations, policies, and actions at national and regional levels.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023408357.
Protocol of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE): a prospective cohort study with deep phenotyping and long-term follow up of cardiovascular high-risk patients
Authors: Weber Joachim E , Ahmadi Michael , Boldt Leif-Hendrik , Eckardt Kai-Uwe , Edelmann Frank , Gerhardt Holger , Grittner Ulrike , Haubold Kathrin , Hübner Norbert , Kollmus-Heege Jil , Landmesser Ulf , Leistner David M , Mai Knut , Müller Dominik N , Nolte Christian H , Pieske Burkert , Piper Sophie K , Rattan Simrit , Rauch Geraldine , Schmidt Sein , Schmidt-Ott Kai M , Schönrath Katharina , Schulz-Menger Jeanette , Schweizerhof Oliver , Siegerink Bob , Spranger Joachim , Ramachandran Vasan S , Witzenrath Martin , Endres Matthias , Pischon Tobias 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events is a prospective cohort study that aims to improve prediction and disease-overarching mechanistic understanding of cardiovascular (CV) disease progression by comprehensively investigating a high-risk patient population with different organ manifestations.Methods and analysisA total of 8000 adult patients will be recruited who have either suffered an acute CV event (CVE) requiring hospitalisation or who have not experienced a recent acute CVE but are at high CV risk. An initial study examination is performed during the acute treatment phase of the index CVE or after inclusion into the chronic high risk arm. Deep phenotyping is then performed after ~90 days and includes assessments of the patient’s medical history, health status and behaviour, cardiovascular, nutritional, metabolic, and anthropometric parameters, and patient-related outcome measures. Biospecimens are collected for analyses including ‘OMICs’ technologies (e.g., genomics, metabolomics, proteomics). Subcohorts undergo MRI of the brain, heart, lung and kidney, as well as more comprehensive metabolic, neurological and CV examinations. All participants are followed up for up to 10 years to assess clinical outcomes, primarily major adverse CVEs and patient-reported (value-based) outcomes. State-of-the-art clinical research methods, as well as emerging techniques from systems medicine and artificial intelligence, will be used to identify associations between patient characteristics, longitudinal changes and outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin ethics committee (EA1/066/17). The results of the study will be disseminated through international peer-reviewed publications and congress presentations.Study registrationFirst study phase: Approved WHO primary register: German Clinical Trials Register:https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00016852; WHO International Clinical Registry Platform:http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=DRKS00016852. Recruitment started on July 18, 2017.Second study phase: Approved WHO primary register: German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00023323, date of registration: November 4, 2020, URL:http://www.drks.de/DRKS00023323. Recruitment started on January 1, 2021.
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and risk of stillbirth: a Scandinavian registry study
Authors: Magnus Maria Christine , Örtqvist Anne Kristina , Urhoj Stine Kjaer , Aabakke Anna , Mortensen Laust Hvas , Gjessing Håkon , Nybo Andersen Anne-Marie , Stephansson Olof , Håberg Siri Eldevik 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundA few studies indicate that women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy might have an increased risk of stillbirth. Our aim was to investigate the risk of stillbirth according to infection with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy also taking the variant into account.MethodsWe conducted a register-based study using the Swedish, Danish and Norwegian birth registries. A total of 389 949 births (1013 stillbirths) after 22 completed gestational weeks between 1 May 2020 and end of follow-up (27 January 2022 for Sweden and Norway; 31 December 2021 for Denmark). We estimated the risk of stillbirth following SARS-CoV-2 infection after 22 completed gestational weeks using Cox regression for each country, and combined the results using a random-effects meta-analysis.ResultsSARS-CoV-2 infection after 22 completed gestational weeks was associated with an increased risk of stillbirth (adjusted HR 2.40; 95% CI 1.22 to 4.71). The risk was highest during the first weeks following infection, with an adjusted HR of 5.48 (95% CI 3.11 to 9.63) during the first 2 weeks, 4.38 (95% CI 2.41 to 7.98) during the first 4 weeks, and 3.71 (95% CI 1.81 to 7.59) during the first 6 weeks. Furthermore, the risk was greatest among women infected during the Delta-dominated period (adjusted HR 8.23; 95% CI 3.65 to 18.59), and more modest among women infected during the Index (adjusted HR 3.66; 95% CI 1.89 to 7.06) and Alpha (adjusted HR 2.73; 95% CI 1.13 to 6.59) dominated periods.ConclusionsWe found an increased risk of stillbirth among women who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 after 22 gestational weeks, with the greatest risk during the Delta-dominated period.
Self-managed medication abortion trajectories: results from a prospective observational study in Argentina, Nigeria and Southeast Asia
Authors: Pleasants Elizabeth A , Jayaweera Ruvani T , Egwuatu Ijeoma , Nmezi Sybil , Kristianingrum Ika Ayu , Zurbriggen Ruth , Grosso Belén , Bercu Chiara , Motana Relebohile , Gerdts Caitlin , Moseson Heidi 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTime is a crucial factor in abortion-seeking because options for care change with pregnancy duration, and most people prefer to access abortion care early in pregnancy. We aimed to collect data on the timing of steps in accompanied self-managed abortion-seeking experiences in legally restrictive settings.MethodsIn this prospective, observational, cohort study we recruited callers from three abortion accompaniment groups in Argentina, Nigeria and a country in Southeast Asia. Participants completed a baseline survey before starting a self-managed medication abortion (SMA) and two follow-up surveys (approximately 1 and 3 weeks after taking medication). Primary outcomes of interest included: (1) time from abortion decision to contacting the hotline, (2) time from contacting the hotline to obtaining pills and (3) time from obtaining pills to taking the first dose. We explored relationships between participant characteristics and each of these outcomes and evaluated differences in overall abortion time using survival analyses.ResultsBetween July 31, 2019 and October 01, 2020 we enrolled 1352 eligible callers; 1148 provided data for this analysis. After deciding to have an abortion, participants took 12.2 days on average (95% CI: 11.6, 12.9) to start medications for abortion. On average, participants at later pregnancy durations progressed through the SMA process more quickly (<4 weeks: 20.9 days, 4 weeks: 11 days, 5–6 weeks: 10.1 days, 7–9 weeks, 10.4 days, 10+ weeks: 9.1 days; p<0.001).ConclusionsOverall, participants accessed accompaniment group support and started abortion regimens quickly and at relatively early pregnancy durations. SMA with accompaniment provided a time-efficient route for obtaining abortions.
Repeated methamphetamine exposure decreases plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in rhesus monkeys
Authors: Zhang Wenlei , Zhou Jiahui , Su Hang , Zhang Xiaocheng , Song Weichen , Wang Zijing , Tang Chengjie , Uludağ Kadir , Zhao Min , Xiong Zhi-Qi , Zhai Rongwei , Jiang Haifeng 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known to prevent methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity and plays a role in various stages of METH addiction. However, there is a lack of research with longitudinal design on changes in plasma BDNF levels in active METH-dependent individuals.AimsThe aim of the study was to investigate changes in BDNF levels during METH self-administration in monkeys.MethodsThis study measured plasma BDNF levels in three male rhesus monkeys with continuous METH exposure and four male control rhesus monkeys without METH exposure. Changes in plasma BDNF levels were then assessed longitudinally during 40 sessions of METH self-administration in the three monkeys.ResultsRepeated METH exposure decreased plasma BDNF levels. Additionally, plasma BDNF decreased with long-term rather than short-term accumulation of METH during METH self-administration.ConclusionsThese findings may indicate that the changes in peripheral BDNF may reflect the quantity of accumulative METH intake during a frequent drug use period.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Improve after Hypothenar Fat Flap for the Treatment of Recurrent Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: CURRAN Matthew W. T. , ROSS Mark 
Published: October 2023

Background: Recalcitrant carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can present with persistent or recurrent symptoms after carpal tunnel release (CTR). A common aetiology for recurrent CTS is the development of perineural adhesions due to excess scarring. The hypothenar fat pad flap (HFPF) has been described to decrease the amount of scarring formed after revision CTR. Herein, we present a prospective evaluation of these patients. Methods: A prospective series of consecutive patients by a single surgeon with recurrent CTS was conducted. All patients had at least 3 months follow-up. Patients received a revision open CTR with HFPF. The primary outcome was the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ). Secondary outcomes included pain and satisfaction on visual analogue scale, range of motion, grip strength, patient-reported outcomes and complications. Clinical outcomes were compared between preoperative and postoperative intervals using paired t-tests, with significance defined as p < 0.05. Results: Fifteen wrists (14 patients) were recruited for the study. Patients were predominantly male (n = 9; 66%). Revision open CTR with HFPF was performed a median of 42 months (range: 4–300 months) post primary CTR. Patients demonstrated improved patient-reported outcomes with significantly improved BCTQ pain score (p < 0.01), Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation (p < 0.01) and QuickDASH (p < 0.001). Two patients in the series reported postoperative complications; however, there was no incidence of donor site morbidity recorded. Conclusions: Revision open CTR with hypothenar fat pad flap is associated with decreased pain, high patient satisfaction and improved functional measures compared to pre-operative status. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
The divergence of mobility and activity associated with anti-predator adaptations in land snails
Authors: Morii Yuta , Kimura Ryota , Sato Rion , Shiobara Nana , Maeda Honoka , Nakagawa Kaede , Ito Ririka , Ueki Reiichi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The extreme divergence of phenotypes between two closely related terrestrial gastropods, Karaftohelix editha and K. gainesi (Camaenidae, Stylommatophora), has been suggested as a result of anti-predator adaptations because K. editha and K. gainesi showed shy and bold anti-predator behaviours, respectively. In this study, we measured the crawling speeds in the laboratory and the exploration (the crawled distances during every 6 h) and the activity (the active/inactive statuses) in the field for each species. As a result, K. gainesi crawled faster under ordinary conditions and moreover upregulated its crawling speed 1.21–1.28 times after the stimulus. The activity pattern of K. editha was typical of nocturnal species, but K. gainesi remained active even under daylight. These results might suggest that K. editha and K. gainesi were deemed as shy/inactive and bold/active species, respectively, and that behavioural syndromes existed between shyness–boldness and activity personalities.
From Confusion to Hope: Lament and Hope in the Faith of Late Adolescence and Early Adulthood
Authors: Clements Chris D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Young people in late adolescence or emerging adulthood may re-examine their childhood Christian faith. Christian commitments in a pluralistic context can come to be regarded as one possible set of commitments among many options. Articulating clear claims about Christianity will be part of an approach to the faith nurture of young people. Yet Christian faith is also, fundamentally, an act of hope in Christ. A practice of hope, specifically among those beginning to question Christian commitments, can be the activity of lament. The Christian practice of lament addresses God amid the sorrows and confusions of this world. Christian lament is offered to God in the hope that he might respond. Ministering persons may participate in lament with young people, bringing to bear their own sense of Christian hope, and inviting young people to choose this hope as well.
Developing a Data-Driven Transfer Learning Model to Locate Tropical Cyclone Centers on Satellite Infrared Imagery
Authors: Wang Chong , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a data-driven transfer learning (TL) model for locating tropical cyclone (TC) centers from satellite infrared images in the northwest Pacific is developed. A total of 2450 satellite infrared TC images derived from 97 TCs between 2015 and 2018 were used for this paper. The TC center location model (ResNet-TCL) with added residual fully connected modules is built for the TC center location. The MAE of the ResNet-TCL model is 34.8 km. Then TL is used to improve the model performance, including obtaining a pretrained model based on the ImageNet dataset, transferring the pretrained model parameters to the ResNet-TCL model, and using TC satellite infrared imagery to fine-train the ResNet-TCL model. The results show that the TL-based model improves the location accuracy by 14.1% (29.3 km) over the no-TL model. The model performance increases logarithmically with the amount of training data. When the training data are large, the benefit of increasing the training samples is smaller than the benefit of using TL. The comparison of model results with the best track data of TCs shows that the MAEs of TCs center is 29.3 km for all samples and less than 20 km for H2–H5 TCs. In addition, the visualization of the TL-based TC center location model shows that the TL model can accurately extract the most important features related to TC center location, including TC eye, TC texture, and contour. On the other hand, the no-TL model does not accurately extract these features.
An Observational Analysis of the Relationship between Tropical Cyclone Vortex Tilt, Precipitation Structure, and Intensity Change
Authors: Fischer Michael S. , Rogers Robert F. , Reasor Paul D. , Dunion Jason P. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study uses a recently developed airborne Doppler radar database to explore how vortex misalignment is related to tropical cyclone (TC) precipitation structure and intensity change. It is found that for relatively weak TCs, defined here as storms with a peak 10-m wind of 65 kt (1 kt = 0.51 m s−1) or less, the magnitude of vortex tilt is closely linked to the rate of subsequent TC intensity change, especially over the next 12–36 h. In strong TCs, defined as storms with a peak 10-m wind greater than 65 kt, vortex tilt magnitude is only weakly correlated with TC intensity change. Based on these findings, this study focuses on how vortex tilt is related to TC precipitation structure and intensity change in weak TCs. To illustrate how the TC precipitation structure is related to the magnitude of vortex misalignment, weak TCs are divided into two groups: small-tilt and large-tilt TCs. In large-tilt TCs, storms display a relatively large radius of maximum wind, the precipitation structure is asymmetric, and convection occurs more frequently near the midtropospheric TC center than the lower-tropospheric TC center. Alternatively, small-tilt TCs exhibit a greater areal coverage of precipitation inward of a relatively small radius of maximum wind. Greater rates of TC intensification, including rapid intensification, are shown to occur preferentially for TCs with greater vertical alignment and storms in relatively favorable environments.

Significance Statement
Accurately predicting tropical cyclone (TC) intensity change is challenging. This is particularly true for storms that undergo rapid intensity changes. Recent numerical modeling studies have suggested that vortex vertical alignment commonly precedes the onset of rapid intensification; however, this consensus is not unanimous. Until now, there has not been a systematic observational analysis of the relationship between vortex misalignment and TC intensity change. This study addresses this gap using a recently developed airborne radar database. We show that the degree of vortex misalignment is a useful predictor for TC intensity change, but primarily for weak storms. In these cases, more aligned TCs exhibit precipitation patterns that favor greater intensification rates. Future work should explore the causes of changes in vortex alignment.
Internet-Based Self-Help Mindful Self-Compassion Intervention for Parents of Children With Cancer: A Pilot Study
Authors: Tan Xiangyi , Zhang Yuwei , Yang Yiling , Cai Ruiqing , Chen Jinlu , Meng Jiangnan , He Xiaofeng , Huang Jiaying , Zhang Jing , Wang Weijie , Zhao Jiubo , Shi Lei 
Published: October 2023

Background: Parents of children with cancer may experience persistent psychological distress and impaired physical health throughout their children’s diagnosis and treatment. Objective: This study aimed to develop a mindful self-compassion program for parents of children with cancer and explore its effect. Methods: This pre-post-test study without a control group was conducted with 34 Chinese parents of children with cancer, using mixed methods. Participants received a 6-week internet-based self-help mindful self-compassion intervention. Self-compassion, post-traumatic stress symptoms, depression, and sleep quality were measured at baseline and at 10 weeks post-baseline. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 completers within 10 days after the intervention was completed. Results: Significant differences were observed in self-compassion, re-experiencing, physical depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. Two participants reported feeling miserable or recalling distressing experiences, of which one withdrew from the study while the other completed the intervention. Conclusion: The program could improve self-compassion, re-experiencing, physical depressive symptoms, and sleep quality in parents of children with cancer, which demonstrated the feasibility of delivering a self-help mindful self-compassion intervention through the internet. Increasing retention rates in future studies merits further discussion.