bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Effects of Extra X Chromosome on Development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sjögren Disease in Klinefelter and Triple X Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Palmer Anna‐Kay , Tan Irene J. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren disease (SjD) are autoimmune diseases with significant female predominance. The prevalence of SLE is increased in Klinefelter syndrome (KS) compared with the general male population. Our study investigates the dose effects of extra X chromosomes on the development of SLE and SjD in KS and triple X syndrome compared with the general population.MethodsThis multicenter, retrospective cohort study used TriNetX, a global federated research database. Using International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes, patients with a diagnosis of SLE or SjD in the general population, as well as those with SLE and SjD in KS (karyotype 47,XXY) and triple X syndrome (karyotype 47,XXX) from January 1, 2010, to January 1, 2024, were identified. Fisher's exact test was used to calculate the relative risk of SLE and SjD in males with KS and females with triple X syndrome compared with the general population. The 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained with STATA statistical software.ResultsA total of 113,748,373 patients were identified. The prevalence of SLE and SjD was 0.59% and 0.077%, respectively, in men, and 0.381% and 0.388% for SLE and SjD, respectively, in women. The male‐to‐female ratios for all ages were 1:6.4 for SLE and 1:5 for SjD. The prevalence of KS and triple X syndrome in the general population was 0.0017% and 0.0010%, respectively. Among patients with KS, the prevalence of SLE and SjD was both 0.5%. Among patients with triple X syndrome, the prevalence of SLE and SjD was 1.3% and 0.8%, respectively. SLE was 8.5‐fold (95% CI 4.6–15.8) and SjD was 6.6‐fold (95% CI 3.56–12.26) more common in KS compared with the general male population (P < 0.001 by Fisher's exact test). SLE was 3.5‐fold (95% CI 2.09–5.72) and SjD was 2.3‐fold (95% CI 1.22–4.20) more common in triple X syndrome compared with the general female population (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively).ConclusionThe extra X chromosome in KS and triple X syndrome appears to confer a nonproportional, synergistic dose effect on the development of SLE and SjD when compared with the general population.
Effect of an Electronic Pill Bottle on Hydroxychloroquine Adherence in Pediatric Lupus: Results of a Novel Direct‐to‐Family Pilot Trial
Authors: Randell Rachel L. , Schanberg Laura E. , Beard Claire , Phillips Thomas , Hornik Christoph P. , Cohen‐Wolkowiez Michael , Balevic Stephen J. ,   with the CARRA Registry investigators
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of an electronic pill bottle with automated reminders on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) adherence in children with pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE).MethodsThis was a self‐controlled, open label, direct‐to‐family pilot trial. Children with pSLE treated with HCQ were recruited from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry. All participants received a pill bottle with a sensor in the cap to record openings and provide automated reminders, which were activated after a two‐week run‐in. The primary outcome was a change in adherence measured using the pill bottle over six months. Secondary outcomes included plasma HCQ concentrations and Medication Adherence Self‐Report Inventory (MASRI) scores, collected during four home visits. An exploratory post hoc analysis examined adherence patterns over time.ResultsOverall adherence was high and did not change over six months (mean ± SD proportion of recorded out of expected pill bottle openings, 0.86 ± 0.20 and 0.89 ± 0.16, P = 0.590). A post hoc analysis grouped participants by adherence pattern. The group with variable adherence, compared with the group with persistent high adherence, had lower dose‐adjusted HCQ concentrations at baseline (0.387 vs 0.627 ng/mL/mg, P = 0.04) and trended toward lower MASRI scores (77.1 vs 93.4, P = 0.09). After six months, there were no differences in HCQ concentrations or MASRI by group.ConclusionAutomated reminders did not improve adherence to HCQ for children with pSLE, although the ability to detect effect was limited by a high baseline adherence and small sample size. Post hoc analyses identified different adherence patterns and a subgroup of patients with low HCQ concentrations who could be targeted for future adherence interventions.image
3D Interconnected Boron Nitride Macrostructures and Derived Composites for Thermal Energy Regulation
Authors: Maqbool Muhammad , Bashir Akbar , Usman Ali , Khurram Muhammad , Aftab Waseem , Li Yongliang , Zou Ruqiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAmong the diverse categories of 2D materials, hexagonal boron nitride (BN) has emerged as a preeminent contender due to its exceptional mechanical, chemical, and thermal attributes. The construction of 3D interconnected network macrostructures (3D‐IBNM) from 2D BN building blocks represents a pivotal advancement, yielding next‐generation materials with preserved surface area (2078 m2g−1) and 99.99% porosity. Exploiting such high porosity in interconnected BN structures holds promise for achieving ultralow thermal conductivity (k) and enhancing the k of compounded matrices through synergistic effects. In recent years, considerable attention has been directed toward developing extreme k materials based on BN macrostructures, with implications spanning from superinsulation to conduction. This review endeavors to present the latest advancements in 3D‐IBNM, commencing with a succinct overview of 2D BN and the merits of its 3D interconnected configurations. Subsequently, it delves into state‐of‐the‐art fabrication strategies encompassing free‐standing BN macrostructures and in situ composites. The review then elucidates the diverse applications of 3D‐IBNM and their derived composites within the realm of thermal energy, encompassing areas such as transfer, storage, conversion, and insulation. Last, it outlines prospective directions and future avenues for designing 3D‐IBNM geared toward achieving extreme k.
Wearable Electrohydraulic Actuation For Salient Full‐Fingertip Haptic Feedback
Authors: Shao Yitian , Shagan Shomron Alona , Javot Bernard , Keplinger Christoph , Kuchenbecker Katherine J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlthough essential for an immersive experience in extended reality (XR), providing salient and versatile touch feedback remains a technical challenge. Existing solutions restrict hand movements with bulky rigid structures, require a tethered energy source to power actuators worn on the hand, or output vibrations that lack expressiveness. This study introduces a design strategy for compact, lightweight, untethered haptic feedback centering on a 30‐µm‐thick inflatable chamber that naturally conforms to the fingertip; to minimize fluidic losses and enable high bandwidth, a soft electrohydraulic pump mounted on the hand actuates the chamber via a mechanically transparent fluidic channel. A 15.2‐mm‐diameter prototypical actuation chamber achieves 8 N peak force, 3 N steady‐state force, stroke up to 5 mm, and bandwidth from 0 to 500 Hz. In contrast to these salient fingertip cues, the entire hydraulic system has a weight less than 8 g and a thickness less than 2 mm. Additionally, this study presents a validation approach that uses a commercial fingertip sensor to confirm that the haptic feedback created by the device imitates the touch signals generated during typical hand interactions. Together, this design strategy and validation method can enable a broad spectrum of haptic activities in diverse XR applications, including medical training, online shopping, and social interactions.
Targeting VEGF‐A in an Immunocompetent Orthotopic Mouse Model of Mesenchymal Glioblastoma Improves Antitumorigenicity and Decreases Proinflammatory Response in Normal Brain Tissue after Fractionated Radiotherapy
Authors: Nieto Alexander Edward , Fleischmann Daniel Felix , Unger Kristian , Albrecht Valerie , Maas Jessica , Zitzelsberger Horst , Belka Claus , Proescholdt Martin , Lauber Kirsten , Niyazi Maximilian , Orth Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGlioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain tumor characterized by a dismal prognosis and a profound therapy resistance that is most evident for the mesenchymal molecular subtype of glioblastoma. Targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐A by the monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, despite failing to improve survival in randomized trials, yields relevant benefits in glioblastoma patients such as reduction of radionecrosis, an adverse event associated with radiotherapy. This demands for continued research to identify optimal combinations of anti‐VEGF‐A and standard therapies for glioblastoma treatment. We show here that blocking VEGF‐A in an immune competent orthotopic glioblastoma mouse model resembling the adverse mesenchymal molecular subtype increases the tumoricidal effect of computed tomography (CT)‐based fractionated radiotherapy and also rectifies irradiation‐induced expression of genes with known association to mesenchymal subtype enrichment as revealed by microarray‐based transcriptome analyses of explanted tumors. VEGF‐A blockade also decreases the expression of myeloid‐cell‐related gene patterns in irradiated tumors and lowers inflammatory response in normal brain tissue after tumor irradiation. Hence, these data both provide a hint how blockade of VEGF‐A increases the effect of radiotherapy in mesenchymal glioblastoma and a mechanistic base for clinical observations reporting reduced incidences of radionecrosis in glioblastoma patients treated with radiotherapy upon concurrent administration of bevacizumab.
Crystal Structure Prediction of Cs–Te with Supervised Machine Learning
Authors: Saßnick Holger‐Dietrich , Cocchi Caterina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCrystal structure prediction methods aim to determine the ground‐state crystal structure for a given material. The vast combinatorial space associated with this problem makes conventional methods computationally prohibitive for routine use. To overcome these limitations, a novel approach combining high‐throughput density functional theory calculations with machine learning is proposed. It predicts stable crystal structures within binary and ternary systems by systematically evaluating various structural descriptors and machine learning algorithms. The superiority of models based on atomic coordination environments is shown, with transfer‐learned graph neural networks emerging as a particularly promising technique. By validating the proposed method on Cs–Te crystals, its ability to generate stable crystal structures is proved, suggesting its potential for advancing established computational schemes.
Targeting p21‐Positive Senescent Chondrocytes via IL‐6R/JAK2 Inhibition to Alleviate Osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Lin Jieming , Liu Feng , Zhang Yu , Shi Bo , Ma Chunhui , Wang Ziqi , Xue Song , Xu Qingrong , Shao Hongda , Yang Jingxing , Gao Yanzheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is an age‐related degenerative joint disease, prominently influenced by the pro‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). Although elevated IL‐6 levels in joint fluid are well‐documented, the uneven cartilage degeneration observed in knee OA patients suggests additional underlying mechanisms. This study investigates the role of interleukin‐6 receptor (IL‐6R) in mediating IL‐6 signaling and its contribution to OA progression. Here, significantly elevated IL‐6R expression is identified in degenerated cartilage of OA patients. Further, in vivo experiments reveal that intra‐articular injection of recombinant IL‐6R protein or activation of gp130 (Y757F mutation) accelerates OA progression. Conversely, knockout of IL‐6R or JAK2, as well as treatment with a JAK inhibitor, alleviates OA symptoms. Mechanistically, chondrocytes derived from degenerative cartilage exhibit impaired nuclear localization of SOX9, a key regulator of cartilage homeostasis. JAK inhibition stabilizes SIRT1, reduces SOX9 acetylation, and thereby facilitates SOX9 nuclear localization, promoting cartilage repair. Additionally, the JAK inhibitor‐induced apoptosis in p21‐positive senescent cells, and their targeted clearance successfully alleviates OA in p21‐3MR mice. In conclusion, these findings reveal a novel mechanism by which inhibiting the IL‐6R/JAK2 pathway can alleviate OA. Furthermore, this study proposes targeting p21‐positive senescent cells as a new therapeutic strategy for OA.
Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy of Dental Caries by Oral Microbiome‐Selective Aggregation‐Induced Photosensitivity
Authors: Zhang Yandi , Wang Wenjun , Yang Xiaoru , An Xuanmeng , Liu Xiaoyi , Zhao Weiwei , Zhu Lina , Wang Ting , Wang Ying , Chen Yi , Feng Junkun , Shao Jinlong , Zhou Xuedong , Tang Ben Zhong , Ge Shaohua , Li Jianhua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDental caries represents one of the most widespread oral bacterial infections, affecting billions of individuals worldwide and presenting significant public health challenges. Effective diagnosis and treatment are hindered by the limitations of traditional clinical treatment methodologies, which often involve laborious examinations and invasive procedures. In this study, we employ an aggregation‐induced emission probe, MeOTpy, for instant molecular detection and photodynamic treatment of dental caries. MeOTpy interacts specifically with cariogenic bacteria, exhibiting bright fluorescence upon binding to bacteria and generating reactive oxygen species under white light irradiation. This aggregation‐induced photosensitivity enables rapid assessment of carious disease through fluorescent detection in dental plaque samples, facilitating easy identification of lesion sites in decayed teeth treated with MeOTpy. Furthermore, photodynamic inhibition of cariogenic biofilms is achieved by culturing ex vivo biofilms isolated from children with severe early childhood caries. MeOTpy also effectively prevents dental caries while preserving oral microbial diversity in a cariogenic infection model on rat pups. This study presents an integrated strategy for the precise diagnosis and treatment of dental caries at the point of care.
Hearing and cognitive scores measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale in The HUNT Study, Norway
Authors: Myrstad Christian , Engdahl Bo Lars , Costafreda Sergi Gonzalez , Krokstad Steinar , Livingston Gill , Selbæk Geir 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONHearing impairment is associated with dementia. We aimed to clarify the association between hearing impairment and future cognitive test performance measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), adjusted for confounders, avoiding reverse causation through long follow‐up.METHODSWe used the Norwegian population‐based longitudinal cohort study, The Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT). At baseline, we invited all residents 20+ for an audiometric hearing assessment, and at 20+ years follow‐up, we cognitively assessed all persons 70+ including MoCA adjusted for hearing impairment. We analyzed the association using linear regression.RESULTSWe included 6879 persons (mean 56.1 years, standard deviation 6.2). At follow‐up, the MoCA score was −0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.35, −0.14), per 10 dB increase in hearing threshold and for persons < 85 years, −0.31 (95% CI −0.42, −0.20).DISCUSSIONThis study finds a long‐term association between hearing impairment and dose related reduced cognitive performance, particularly in those aged < 85.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATIONID NCT04284384, hearing impairment as a risk factor for dementia in older adults.Highlights
Hearing loss predicts long‐term cognitive decline measured by MoCA over 20+ years.
Long follow‐up is crucial to avoid reverse causation in the hearing‐cognition relationship.
A 10 dB hearing threshold increase is linked to a 0.25‐point reduction in MoCA score.
Strongest cognitive decline associations are seen in people aged below 85 years.
The association remained after excluding hearing‐dependent tasks in the MoCA.
Animal models of cisplatin‐induced neuropathic pain
Authors: Li Ningxin , Li Mingzhu , Jin Shengbo , Yu Jun , Wei Hongzhe , Wang Wenping , Ma Siyao , Jiang Yuxin , Liu Qian , Yao Huini 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCisplatin chemotherapy has been used as the main treatment for different types of cancer. However, cisplatin chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathic pain (CIPNP) seriously affects the treatment process and quality of life of patients. In addition, it impacts the underlying mechanism and prevention and treatment strategies, indicating that drug selection and efficacy evaluation need to be further investigated. Furthermore, an animal model that is more consistent with the pathological mechanism needs to be developed. In this study, we describe and discuss the methods of developing and detecting CIPNP models in rats and mice induced by cisplatin chemotherapy. The aim was to improve the modeling rate and develop animal models that are more consistent with the developmental pattern of the disease. In addition, the study provides ideal reference animal models for clinical research and drug discovery and development.
Dynamic, Single‐cell Monitoring of RNA Modifications Response to Viral Infection Using a Genetically Encoded Live‐cell RNA Methylation Sensor
Authors: Zhang Ting , Yang Hao , Yu Quanwei , Zhang Yong , Zhang Yue , Zhu Xianglin , Xia Xuhan , Li Feng , Deng Ruijie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRNA modifications, such as N6‐methylation of adenosine (m6A), serve as key regulators of cellular behaviors, and are highly dynamic; however, tools for dynamic monitoring of RNA modifications in live cells are lacking. Here, we develop a genetically encoded live‐cell RNA methylation sensor that can dynamically monitor RNA m6A level at single‐cell resolution. The sensor senses RNA m6A in cells via affinity‐induced cytoplasmic retention using a nuclear location sequence‐fused m6A reader. It allows for simultaneously measure RNA m6A dynamics and viral invasion at single‐cell level. Based on the single‐cell analytical tool, we found that SARS‐CoV‐2 infection enhances host‐cell RNA m6A level, and high‐level RNA m6A modification in host cells, in turn, facilitates viral infection. Particularly, Omicron, a variant of SARS‐CoV‐2, that features as high infection capacity, however, exhibits a reduced facilitation of m6A modification in host cells. In addition, the sensor can estimate viral inhibition via measuring cellular m6A level, that was explored for screening potential antiviral drugs. The methylation sensor can serve for elucidating the interplay between pathogens and host‐cell epigenetics at single‐cell level.
W‐Mediated Electron Accumulation in Ru−O−W Motifs Enables Ultra‐Stable Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acid
Authors: Zhou Kai , Liu Heng , Liu Zhongliang , Li Xiaoning , Wang Nana , Wang Mingyue , Xue Tianrui , Shen Yongjun , Li Hao , Li Huihui , Li Chunzhong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe development of efficient and durable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is crucial for advancing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) technology, especially in the pursuit of non‐iridium alternatives. Herein, we report a Zn, W co‐doped Ru3Zn0.85W0.15Ox (RZW) ternary oxide catalyst that exhibits a low overpotential of 200 mV and remarkable stability for over 4000 hours at 10 mA cm−2 in 0.1 M HClO4. The incorporation of highly electronegative W facilitates the efficient capture of electrons released from the sacrificial Zn species during OER, and subsequently mediated to Ru sites. The observed enhancement in electron density within the stable Ru−O−W motifs substantially improves the anti‐overoxidation properties of the Ru active sites. Our findings highlight the importance of strategic metal doping in modulating the electronic structure of OER catalysts during operation, thereby facilitating the development of practical and long‐lasting water electrolysis technologies.
Unlocking HFIP for Fluoroalkylation with Molecular Photoelectrocatalysis
Authors: Zheng Yi‐Xian , Gao Yuxing , Xiong Peng , Xu Hai‐Chao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite the increasing interest in radical‐based fluoroalkylation techniques, the organofluorine compounds bearing the partially fluorinated hexafluoroisopropyl group remain extremely scarce due to the lack of appropriate reagents. Herein we report an unprecedented photoelectrocatalytic method for the C−H hexafluoroisopropylation of indoles and tryptophan peptides, utilizing the readily available hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFIP) as the fluoroalkylation reagent. In this process, HFIP is converted into hexafluoroisopropyl radicals, enabling fluoroalkylation reactions. This study broadens the potential applications of molecular photoelectrocatalysis, highlighting its capacity to enable transformations that are difficult to accomplish through traditional electrochemical or photochemical approaches.
Forward‐ and Retro‐Vapofluorochromism of Sponge‐Like Macrocycle Crystals
Authors: Huang Jingwei , Feng Haohui , Zhang Linnan , Jie Kecheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAchieving dynamic multicolor emission through solid‐state molecular motion is of significant importance for advancing applications in organic solid‐state luminescent materials. Herein, we report macrocycle crystals with unique forward‐ and retro‐vapofluorochromic behavior, which is realized by reversible amine vapor uptake and amine‐“squeeze” induced guest release. The forward‐vapofluorochromism occurs when aliphatic amines penetrate guest‐free macrocycle crystals to form host‐guest complex crystals. These fluorescent properties can be reversibly toggled by exposing the amine‐loaded crystals to another amine vapor through competitive guest replacement inside the crystals. Notably, retro‐vapofluorochromism is achieved by exposing amine‐loaded crystals to α‐methylbenzylamine (MBA). Mechanistic studies show that MBA molecules do not penetrate the crystals, but rather “squeeze” the crystals to release loaded amines, driving the amine‐loaded crystals back to the guest‐free phase. The demonstrated forward‐ and retro‐vapofluorochromism has already been successfully integrated into a highly secure five‐layer information encryption system.
Nano‐Silica‐Particles Filling Effect on Mechanical Properties of Silicone‐Rubber Composites
Authors: Adachi Tadaharu , Kobayashi Kaori , Noda Ayaka , Ishikawa Kensuke 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe mechanical properties of silicone‐rubber composites filled with nano‐ or micro‐silica‐particles are discussed experimentally and theoretically. The matrix rubbers cured under various ratios of the main component to the curing agent are prepared to change the crosslinking density of the matrix rubber. Because the interphase layer made of the matrix rubber in the glassy state is formed around the nano‐particle, the nano‐particle behaves as an apparent single particle together with the interphase layer and the interphase layers apparently increase the nano‐particle volume fraction. The Young's moduli of the nano‐ and micro‐composites with a larger (apparent) particle volume fraction are greater than that of the matrix rubber. However, the proportional limit strains are smaller, although the fracture strains are slightly smaller. The Young's modulus and proportional limit strain can be analyzed theoretically with the (apparent) volume fraction. The fracture toughness of the composites increases as the (apparent) volume fraction increases, but it increases little at the (apparent) volume fraction above 0.2. However, the fracture toughness monotonically increases for the nano‐composites with low crosslinking density of the matrix rubber. Finally, the mechanical properties can be designed by using the matrix rubber with the different crosslinking density and the interphase layer.