bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of polymer solution composition on the microstructure and thermal and mechanical characteristics of polycaprolactone films
Authors: Sawalha Hassan , van de Ven Theo G. M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of addition of oils and alkanes to the polymer solution on the properties of polycaprolactone (PCL) films. The films were prepared by casting films onto a mold and evaporation in air. Films made without oils showed a dense microstructure. Most of the oils generated porous films, except for cyclohexane and castor oil. The neat PCL and cyclohexane films were stronger than other films, with a tensile strength of about ~11.5 MPa, followed by terpenes (~6.5 MPa) and the weakest films were obtained with hexadecane (~3.5 MPa). The elastic modulus was highest with limonene (~350 MPa), followed by cyclohexane (~150 MPa), and the lowest modulus (~65 MPa) was obtained with castor oil and hexadecane. All films showed high elongation at break (>400%). The degree of crystallinity was the highest with terpenes, whereas the lowest crystallinity was obtained with hexadecane. No significant effect of the oils on the thermal transition temperatures of the films could be observed. In summary, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the PCL films could be effectively fine‐tuned for various applications through the addition of oils and alkanes to the polymer solution.Highlights
Oils and alkanes were added to polycaprolactone (PCL) casting solution.
PCL films were prepared by casting films onto a mold and evaporation in air.
Oils affected the microstructure and mechanical properties of the films.
Addition of oils provides a flexible tool to tailor the film properties.
PCL films with varying properties could be fabricated for different fields.
A Multi‐Class Quantum Kernel‐Based Classifier
Authors: Pillay Shivani Mahashakti , Sinayskiy Ilya , Jembere Edgar , Petruccione Francesco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMulti‐class classification problems are fundamental in many varied domains in research and industry. A popular strategy for solving multi‐class classification problems involves first transforming the problem into many binary classification problems. However, this requires the number of binary classification models that need to be developed to grow with the number of classes. Recent work in quantum machine learning has seen the development of multi‐class quantum classifiers that circumvent this growth by learning a mapping between the data and a set of label states. This work presents the first multi‐class SWAP‐Test classifier inspired by its binary predecessor and the use of label states in recent work. With this classifier, the cost of developing multiple models is avoided. In contrast to previous work, the number of qubits required, the measurement strategy, and the topology of the circuits used is invariant to the number of classes. In addition, unlike other architectures for multi‐class quantum classifiers, the state reconstruction of a single qubit yields sufficient information for multi‐class classification tasks. Both analytical results and numerical simulations show that this classifier is not only effective when applied to diverse classification problems but also robust to certain conditions of noise.
Activated Carbon from Cashew Nut Husk and Cashew Nut Shell Wastes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Adsorption Studies
Authors: Anchan Harshitha N. , Jadhav Snehal , Dutta Saikat 
Published: November 2023

AbstractActivated carbon (AC) is a key material in numerous industrial applications, including wastewater treatment, catalysis, personal care products, and pharmaceutical industry. Producing AC from waste biomass is of much interest since the environmental footprint is low and the economics are favorable for most applications. Cashew nut husk (CNH) and cashew nut shell (CNS) are typically considered wastes in the cashew nut processing industry. Synthesis of AC from CNH and CNS allows value addition of these materials and improves the economic prospects of the cashew nut processing industry. Herein, we report the production of AC by carbonization of CNH and CNS using orthophosphoric acid as the activating agent. The results showed that 700 °C is a suitable activation temperature for CNH, whereas 500 °C was enough for activating CNS. The AC samples were extensively characterized by FTIR, PXRD, BET, and FESEM‐EDX analysis. The AC produced from CNH at 700 °C (H‐700) exhibited a very high specific surface area and iodine number of 1511 m2/g and 961 mg/g, respectively. Therefore, H‐700 was used for adsorbing methylene blue from water as a model for wastewater treatment. The H‐700 sample showed an adsorption capacity of 520 mg/g with good recyclability up to five cycles.
Jamming of Miscible Liquids via Electrostatic Repulsion Between Polystyrene‐Modified Gold Nanorods and Toluene
Authors: Hu Tonghua , Zhao Peng , Cai Xiaoyi , Li Yuanyuan , Momanyi Nyachieo Kennedy , Sun Ningfei , Zhang Shuolei , Xue Xiaobo , Guo Chuanfei , Liu Limin , Xie Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStructured liquids in miscible fluids, due to ineffective resistance to withstand particle self‐diffusion, differ from that in immiscible liquids because of interfacial interactions. Here, a kind of structured liquid, jammed by thiol‐terminated polystyrene‐modified gold nanorods (GNRs) within tetrahydrofuran and toluene (TOL), is developed by introducing electrostatic repulsion to counterbalance the self‐diffusion of GNRs. First‐principle calculations reveal charge transfer between the GNRs and TOL, resulting in the electrostatic repulsion. The structured liquids can be regarded as mimic “loading vehicles” to controllably carry and transport matter under electric or magnetic fields, where release rate can be adjusted by changing the concentration of the soluble matter for slow release and using the photothermal effect of the assembled GNRs for fast release. This work has developed a new assembly mechanism to form structured liquids, allowing the construction of a flexible and robust droplet platform with possible applications in microreactors, biomimetic permeable membranes, and functional liquid robots.
Object counting in remote sensing via selective spatial‐frequency pyramid network
Authors: Chen Jinyong , Gao Mingliang , Guo Xiangyu , Zhai Wenzhe , Li Qilei , Jeon Gwanggil 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe integration of remote sensing object counting in the Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) environment is of crucial significance and practical value. However, the presence of significant background interference in remote sensing images poses a challenge to accurate object counting, as the results are easily affected by background noise. Additionally, scale variation within remote sensing images presents a further difficulty, as traditional counting methods face challenges in adapting to objects of different scales. To address these challenges, we propose a selective spatial‐frequency pyramid network (SSFPNet). Specifically, the SSFPNet consists of two core modules, namely the pyramid attention (PA) module and the hybrid feature pyramid (HFP) module. The PA module accurately extracts target regions and eliminates background interference by operating on four parallel branches. This enables more precise object counting. The HFP module is introduced to fuse spatial and frequency domain information, leveraging scale information from different domains for object counting, so as to improve the accuracy and robustness of counting. Experimental results on RSOC, CARPK, and PUCPR+ benchmark datasets demonstrate that the SSFPNet achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance in terms of accuracy and robustness.
Current practice for the chemical immobilisation of non‐domestic feline species: An online survey study
Authors: Walker Ryan , Cope Iain , d'Ovidio Dario , Adami Chiara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundSafe chemical immobilisation of wild felids is essential for both conservational management and clinical purposes. However, little is known about drug protocols and current practice.MethodsThis study was designed as an online survey based on a questionnaire. Descriptive/correlation statistics and analysis of proportions were used for data analysis.ResultsThe preferred immobilisation technique was the use of darts (37% of the respondents), while the most popular drug combination was a mixture of benzodiazepines, alpha‐2 adrenoreceptor agonists and dissociative anaesthetics (27%). The inclusion of ketamine in the drug mixture was associated with a quicker anaesthetic onset, as estimated by the participants (p < 0.001). Common complications were prolonged recovery (46%), bradycardia (35%), hypoventilation (32%), hypothermia (26%) and arousal (26%). Commonly encountered problems were inappropriate equipment (39%), lack of suitable drugs (27%) and inadequate knowledge of species‐specific pharmacology (29%) and physiology (24%).LimitationsIncomplete adherence to the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E‐Surveys is acknowledged.ConclusionsDrug protocols including both alpha‐2 adrenoreceptor agonists and dissociative anaesthetics are preferred in wild felids, and the inclusion of ketamine may be useful to achieve a quick onset. Equipment/drug availability and species‐specific knowledge are potential areas of improvement to improve wild felid anaesthesia.
A New Kind of Sharing
Authors: Zhao Yingmin , Hanson Arthur 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the late 1970s, when the world community began to build a modern, comprehensive approach to emerging environment and development (E&D) issues, China was still in the early stage of its “reform and opening up.” A decade later, when many Western economy nations had already formed specialized environmental organizations to address rising pollution and other risks, China, like most other developing nations, was struggling with how to address these new problems.
CCICED Inputs to China’s E&D Actions
Authors: Zhao Yingmin , Hanson Arthur 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDecisions regarding CCICED research work have been influenced by both demand- and supply-side considerations. This has never been an easy task for several reasons, including the four that follow. First, it has been vital to stay in tune with major shifts on the part of China’s leaders and the changing nature of China’s development needs and external drivers.
Befragung zum Vorhandensein palliativmedizinischen Wissens sowie palliativmedizinischer Strukturen in deutschen Notaufnahmen
Authors: Böhm Lennert , Schwartz Jacqueline , Michael Mark , Diehl-Wiesenecker Eva , Bernhard Michael , Neukirchen Martin 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungPatienten mit lebenslimitierenden/palliativen Erkrankungen stellen eine Herausforderung für die Klinische Akut- und Notfallmedizin dar, denn trotz zunehmend ausgebauter Strukturen der spezialisierten ambulanten Palliativversorgung (SAPV) ist die Notaufnahme bei Symptomexazerbationen oder Überlastung der Angehörigen häufig erste Anlaufstelle. Da hier ebenso lebenslimitierende Erkrankungen erstdiagnostiziert und Therapieziele angepasst werden, scheint eine frühzeitige Anbindung von Notfallpatient:innen an palliativmedizinische Strukturen prognostisch günstig. Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war die Erhebung einer Istanalyse zur Verfügbarkeit palliativmedizinischer Basiskenntnisse sowie palliativmedizinischer Strukturen in der Klinischen Akut- und Notfallmedizin. Hierzu wurde über notfallmedizinische Blogs eine Online-Befragung an in Notaufnahmen tätige Ärzt:innen adressiert. Insgesamt konnten 383 vollständig ausgefüllte Fragebogen ausgewertet werden. Es zeigte sich, dass die Befragten häufig palliative Krankheitssituationen erleben und behandeln. Ambulante und stationäre Ressourcen sind hingegen nicht flächendeckend verfügbar, und dort, wo z. B. Konsildienste verfügbar sind, herrscht Uneinigkeit darüber, wann sie in Anspruch genommen werden sollten. Strukturen für den unmittelbaren Sterbeprozess sind größtenteils vorhanden, allerdings fehlen häufig die Ressourcen Zeit und Personal. Es besteht ein Interesse an palliativmedizinischer Fort- und Weiterbildung. Fazit: Da Notaufnahmen die entscheidende Schnittstelle zwischen der ambulanten und stationären Versorgung sind, können hier durch einen interdisziplinären und ganzheitlichen Ansatz frühzeitig Weichen für die weitere Versorgung gestellt werden, von dem Patient:innen mit Palliativbedarf profitieren können.
The effect of the SAFE intervention on post-discharge suicidal behavior: a quasi-experimental study using propensity score matching
Authors: Madsen Trine , Erlangsen Annette , Egilsdottir Eybjørg , Andersen Per Kragh , Nordentoft Merete 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The risk of suicidal behavior after discharge from psychiatric admission is high. The aim of this study was to examine whether the SAFE intervention, an implementation of a systematic safer discharge procedure, was associated with a reduction in suicidal behavior after discharge.

Methods
The SAFE intervention was implemented at Mental Health Center Copenhagen in March 2018 and consisted of three systematic discharge procedures: (1) A face-to-face meeting between patient and outpatient staff prior to discharge, (2) A face-to-face meeting within the first week after discharge, and (3) Involvement of relatives. Risk of suicide attempt at six-month post-discharge among patients discharged from the SAFE intervention was compared with patients discharged from comparison mental health centers using propensity score matching.

Results
7604 discharges took place at the intervention site, which were 1:1 matched with discharges from comparison sites. During the six months of follow-up, a total of 570 suicide attempts and 25 suicides occurred. The rate of suicide attempt was 11,652 per 100,000 person-years at the SAFE site, while it was 10,530 at comparisons sites. No observable difference in suicide attempt 1.10 (95% CI: 0.89–1.35) or death by suicide (OR = 1.27; 95% CI:0.58–2.81) was found between sites at 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion
No difference in suicidal behavior between the sites was found in this pragmatic study. High rates of suicidal behavior were found during the 6-months discharge period, which could suggest that a preventive intervention should include support over a longer post-discharge period than the one-week follow-up offered in the SAFE intervention.
Cut-paste image generation for instance segmentation for robotic picking of industrial parts
Authors: Dirr Jonas , Bauer Johannes C. , Gebauer Daniel , Daub Rüdiger 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVision-based robotic picking enables automation of commissioning and sortation of disordered parts. To locate parts for grasping, state-of-the-art approaches rely on convolutional neural networks for instance segmentation in 2D images. However, this requires sufficiently large training datasets, which are expensive to capture and annotate. Therefore, training with synthetic data is promising as the data can be generated automatically. We present an approach for the cut-paste method to create synthetic images for industrial use cases. With this approach, an end-user first prepares the image generation with just a smartphone and about 20 minutes of manual effort. Then, a versatile dataset with instance segmentation labels is generated automatically. In addition, a procedure for grasp pose computation is applied to enable robotic picking based on instance segmentation. For evaluation, training data is generated for a wide range of rigid parts and deformable linear objects. Testing with real-world data and practical experiments demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed cut-paste method for industrial applications.
Microstructural and mechanical characterization of additively manufactured parts of maraging 18Ni300M steel with water and gas atomized powders feedstock
Authors: Peinado Gabriel , Carvalho Cauê , Jardini André , Souza Eduardo , Avila Julián Arnaldo , Baptista Carlos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe demand for manufacturing components with complex geometries, good mechanical properties, and material efficiency has surged across various industries, encompassing aerospace, military, nuclear, and naval sectors. Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), as an additive manufacturing (AM) process, has emerged as a promising method for producing ultra-high mechanical strength alloys, like maraging 300 steel (18Ni300M). However, in numerous studies in the literature concerning the effects of processing parameters on the properties of 18Ni300M steel parts fabricated through LPBF, limited attention has been given to the influence that powder atomization methods may exert on the final properties of these parts. This article investigated the effect of gas atomization (GA) and water atomization (WA) processes on the microstructure of 18Ni300M steel powders and the mechanical properties, microstructure, and chemical composition of LPBF-produced parts. The results revealed significant distinctions in the morphology, aggregation degree, and particle size distribution between the GA and WA powders, which directly influenced the microstructure and affected the amount of defects in LPBF-produced parts. Despite the similar mechanical response found in the WA and GA specimens in the elastic region, the samples produced with the WA batch presented a brittle behavior with a ductility of only 4.06%, whereas the GA parts had an elastoplastic behavior with an elongation of 11.52%. The bulks from the WA batch produced in the LPBF process were compromised due to powder contamination with oxygen, which increased gas porosity and effected fragile oxide particles visible on the fracture surface.
The effect of SMS nudges on higher education performance
Authors: Brandt Alicia , Oskorouchi Hamid R. , Sousa-Poza Alfonso 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDriven by higher education’s challenges in maintaining student motivation and achievement during the recent pandemic-induced shift to online learning, we investigate the effectiveness of text messages as a nudging tool to increase academic performance. To do so, we use a nonplacebo randomized controlled trial in which the treatment group directly receives SMS texts that review lecture content and give deadline reminders, while the control group only has access to the same information on the course page. Our findings suggest that the reception of motivating SMS messages per se, rather than the content review, has a positive effect on examination outcomes.
HER2 copy number determination in breast cancer using the highly sensitive droplet digital PCR method
Authors: Alinger-Scharinger Beate , Kronberger Cornelia , Hutarew Georg , Hitzl Wolfgang , Reitsamer Roland , Frederike Klaassen-Federspiel , Hager Martina , Fischer Thorsten , Sotlar Karl , Jaksch-Bogensperger Heidi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER)-positive breast cancer (BC) is characterized by an aggressive clinical course. In the case of HER2 overexpression/amplification, patients benefit from HER2-targeting therapies. Standardized diagnostic HER2 assessment includes immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or in situ hybridization (ISH). The aim of this study was to compare this “gold standard” with the Droplet Digital™ polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), a method that allows sensitive and precise detection of copy number variations (CNV) in FFPE (formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded) DNA samples. Partitioning of the PCR reaction into 20,000 droplets enables a precise quantitative “CN” discrimination also in heterogeneous samples. FFPE breast cancer samples (n = 170) with routinely assessed HER2 status by IHC/ISH were retrospectively analyzed using the ddPCR CNV ERBB2 assay. Comparison of HER2 status assessment by the two methods revealed concordant results in 92.9% (158/170) of the cases. Discrepant cases were verified and interpreted. For ddPCR, a cut off value of 3 HER2 copies was set to distinguish between HER2-negative and HER2-positive BC. Results obtained with the ddPCR CNV ERBB2 assay were consistent and reproducible, and serial dilutions demonstrated a high stability and sensitivity of the method. The ddPCR CNV ERBB2 assay may be a specific and convenient tool to quantify HER2 copy numbers in BC samples. In our study, this method showed high reproducibility in accuracy of HER2 assessment compared to IHC/ISH analysis.
An ensemble of CNNs with self-attention mechanism for DeepFake video detection
Authors: Omar Karima , Sakr Rasha H. , Alrahmawy Mohammed F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe availability of large-scale facial datasets with the rapid progress of deep learning techniques, such as Generative Adversarial Networks, has enabled anyone to create realistic fake videos. These fake videos can potentially become harmful when used for fake news, hoaxes, and identity fraud. We propose a deep learning bagging ensemble classifier to detect manipulated faces in videos. The proposed bagging classifier uses the convolution and self-attention network (CoAtNet) model as a base learner. CoAtNet model is vertically stacking depthwise convolution layers and self-attention layers in such a way that generalization, capacity, and efficiency are improved. Depthwise convolution captures local features from faces extracted from video then pass these features to the attention layers to extract global information and efficiently capture long-range dependencies of spatial details. Each learner is trained on a different subset randomly taken of training data with a replacement then models’ predictions are combined to classify the video either as real or fake. We also use CutMix data augmentation on the extracted faces to enhance the generalization and localization performance of the base learner model. Our experimental results show that our proposed method achieves higher efficiency compared to state-of-the-art methods with AUC values of 99.70%, 97.49%, 98.90%, and 87.62% on the different manipulation techniques of the FaceForensics++ dataset (DeepFakes (DF), Face2Face (F2F), FaceSwap (FS), and NeuralTextures (NT)), respectively, and 99.74% on the Celeb-DF dataset.