bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression Profiling of Orbital Adipose Tissue from Patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: A Potential Role for Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein-1 in Orbital Adipogenesis
Authors: Kumar Seema , Leontovich Alexey , Coenen Michael J. , Bahn Rebecca S. 
Published: August 2005

Context: The signs and symptoms of Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) result from inflammation and increased volume of the orbital adipose tissues and extraocular muscles.
Objective: Our objective was to identify differentially regulated genes that may be involved in stimulating the orbital adipose tissue expansion seen in GO.
Design: Gene expression profiling was used to compare genes expressed in orbital adipose tissues from GO patients and normal individuals.
Setting: The study took place at a private practice tertiary referral center.
Patients: Orbital adipose tissues were collected at transantral orbital decompression surgery from 20 euthyroid patients undergoing this procedure for severe GO and at early autopsy from eight normal individuals having no evidence of thyroid or ocular disease.
Results: Of the 12,686 genes analyzed, 25 known genes were increased in expression (&gt;4-fold) in GO orbital tissues, whereas 11 genes were decreased (&gt;4-fold). Up-regulated genes, confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR, included secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (sFRP-1; 18.5-fold) and several adipocyte-related genes, including peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (44.1-fold) and adiponectin (25-fold). Treatment in vitro of GO orbital preadipocytes with recombinant sFRP-1 (100 nm) significantly increased adiponectin (2.0-fold; P &lt; 0.05), leptin (7-fold; P &lt; 0.002), and TSH receptor mRNA (13-fold; P &lt; 0.003) levels and enhanced Oil red-O staining in the cultures.
Conclusions: These results support the concept that orbital adipogenesis is enhanced in GO and suggest that elevated levels of sFRP-1 in the GO orbit may be involved in stimulating this pathogenic process.
Increased Transvascular Lipoprotein Transport in Diabetes: Association with Albuminuria and Systolic Hypertension
Authors: Jensen Jan Skov , Feldt-Rasmussen Bo , Borch-Johnsen Knut , Jensen Kurt Svarre , Nordestgaard Børge Grønne 
Published: August 2005

AbstractContext: Diabetes is associated with a highly increased risk of atherosclerosis, especially if hypertension or albuminuria is present.Objective: We hypothesized that the increased transvascular lipoprotein transport in diabetes may be further accelerated if hypertension or albuminuria is present, possibly explaining increased intimal lipoprotein accumulation and thus atherosclerosis.Design: The study was cross-sectional and was performed in 1999–2002.Setting: The study took place in the referral center.Patients: The patients included 60 with diabetes mellitus (27 with type 1 diabetes and 33 with type 2 diabetes) and 42 healthy controls. All were randomly recruited.Main Outcome Measure: We used an in vivo method for measurement of transvascular transport of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Autologous 131I-LDL was reinjected iv, and the 1-h fractional escape rate was taken as an index of transvascular transport.Results: Transvascular LDL transport was 1.8 (1.6–2.0), 2.3 (2.0–2.6), and 2.6 (1.3–4.0)%/[h × (liter/m2)] in healthy controls, diabetic controls, and diabetes patients with systolic hypertension or albuminuria, respectively (P = 0.013; F = 4.5; df =2; ANOVA). These differences most likely were not caused by altered hepatic LDL receptor expression, glycosylation of LDL, small LDL size, or medicine use.Conclusions: Transvascular LDL transport is increased in patients with diabetes mellitus, especially if systolic hypertension or albuminuria is present. Accordingly, lipoprotein flux into the arterial wall could be increased in these patients, possibly explaining accelerated development of atherosclerosis.
An Uncommon Phenotype with Familial Central Hypogonadism Caused by a Novel PROP1 Gene Mutant Truncated in the Transactivation Domain
Authors: Reynaud Rachel , Barlier Anne , Vallette-Kasic Sophie , Saveanu Alexandru , Guillet Marie-Pierre , Simonin Gilbert , Enjalbert Alain , Valensi Paul , Brue Thierry 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Context: PROP1 gene mutations are usually associated with childhood onset GH and TSH deficiencies, whereas gonadotroph deficiency is diagnosed at pubertal age.
Objectives: We report a novel PROP1 mutation revealed by familial normosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We performed in vitro transactivation and DNA binding experiments to study functional consequences of this mutation.
Setting: Three brothers were followed in the Department of Endocrinology of a French university hospital.
Patients: These patients from a consanguineous kindred were referred for cryptorchidism and/or delayed puberty.
Results: Initial investigations revealed hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. One of the patients had psychomotor retardation, intracranial hypertension, and minor renal malformations. The brothers reached normal adult height and developed GH and TSH deficiencies after age 30. A novel homozygous nonsense mutation (W194X) was found in the PROP1 gene, indicating that the protein is truncated in its transactivation domain. Transfection studies confirmed the deleterious effect of this mutation, whose transactivation capacity was only 34.4% of that of the wild-type. Unexpectedly altered DNA-binding properties suggested that the C-terminal end of the factor plays a role in protein-DNA interaction.
Conclusions: PROP1 mutations should be considered among the growing number of genetic causes of initially isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This report extends the phenotype variability associated with PROP1 mutations.
Analysis of Somatostatin Receptors 2 and 5 Polymorphisms in Patients with Acromegaly
Authors: Filopanti M. , Ronchi C. , Ballarè E. , Bondioni S. , Lania A. G. , Losa M. , Gelmini S. , Peri A. , Orlando C. , Beck-Peccoz P. , Spada A. 
Published: August 2005

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the possible correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in somatostatin receptor (SSTR)2 and SSTR5 genes with the responsiveness to somatostatin analogs in a cohort of acromegalic patients.
Study Design: Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (a-83 g, c-57 g, and t80c) of SSTR2 and three (t-461c, c325t, and c1004t) of SSTR5 were analyzed in 66 acromegalic patients with different responsiveness to somatostatin analogs and 66 healthy controls.
Results: Allele frequencies in patients and controls were similar. No association between SSTR2 genotypes and GH and IGF-I levels was found. When considering SSTR5 variants, patients homozygous or heterozygous for the substitution c1004 (P+) showed basal IGF-I levels significantly lower than patients homozygous for 1004t (P−). Moreover, serum GH levels were lower in patients with P+/T− haplotype (having c1004 allele and no t-461 allele) than in those with P−/T+. No correlation between SSTR2 and SSTR5 genotypes, responsiveness to somatostatin therapy, and mRNA expression in the removed adenomas (n = 10) was found.
Conclusions: These data suggest a role for SSTR5 t–461c and c1004t alleles in influencing GH and IGF-I levels in patients with acromegaly, whereas SSTR2 and SSTR5 variants seem to have a minor role in determining the responsiveness to somatostatin analogs.
Reminiscences on Stereotactic Neurosurgery
Authors: Stellar Stanley 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACT
THIS REPORT IS a straightforward account of the author's personal experience as a practicing neurosurgeon, particularly his experience in the surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease, before the discovery of the partially successful medical treatment using the drug l-dopa. Even today, l-dopa plays a major role in alleviating the disabling symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Frank revelations are made of events not usually included in the medical literature, or even in public newspapers and journals. Furthermore, no attempt was made by the author to hide facts or to protect anyone, including the author himself.
Impact of Coil Embolization on Overall Management and Outcome of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Nilsson Ola G. , Säveland Hans , Ramgren Birgitta , Cronqvist Mats , Brandt Lennart 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
We report on the consequences of introducing coil embolization for the total management of and outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

METHODS:
In southern Sweden, a prospective analysis of all patients with SAH of verified aneurysmal origin was conducted during the 3 years when coiling was gradually being introduced. The incidence of acute or chronic hydrocephalus, vasospasm, delayed ischemic deterioration, and outcome at 3 to 6 months after bleeding was analyzed.

RESULTS:
Coiling of aneurysms was used progressively more compared with clipping during the study period. The number of patients subjected to coiling was 26 (36%) of 73 patients during calendar year 1997, 43 (53%) of 81 patients in 1999, and 55 (74%) of 74 patients in 2001 (P &lt; 0.0001). Gradually, more elderly patients were admitted during the study period. Virtually all aneurysms located in the posterior circulation were treated by coil embolization, even at the start of the study, whereas aneurysms at all other locations were progressively more likely to be treated similarly. The incidence of hydrocephalus in the acute (average for all 3 yr, 39%) or chronic (16%) phase, vasospasm as measured by Doppler sonography (33%), and delayed ischemic deterioration (29%), as well as outcome at 3 to 6 months (61% good recovery, 13% deceased), did not change significantly during the study. The main cause of unfavorable outcome was the severity of the SAH.

CONCLUSION:
The increasing use of coil embolization for ruptured aneurysms in the anterior circulation did not have any significant impact on the overall incidence of SAH-related complications or outcome. The main determinant for outcome after SAH is still the severity of the SAH.
Aneurysmal Rupture without Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Thai Quoc-Anh , Raza Shaan M. , Pradilla Gustavo , Tamargo Rafael J. 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
Although an aneurysmal rupture typically presents on computed tomographic (CT) imaging as only subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), it may be associated with intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), or subdural hemorrhage. On rare occasions, however, an aneurysmal rupture may present with IPH or IVH without SAH.

METHODS:
The Division of Cerebrovascular Neurosurgery at The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions maintains a prospective database of all patients treated for intracranial aneurysms at this institution since 1991. Using this database, we identified patients with ruptured aneurysms who presented with IPH or IVH in the absence of SAH on CT imaging.

RESULTS:
Eight hundred twenty-two patients with radiographically documented ruptured aneurysms were admitted from January 1991 through June 2004. Of these, nine patients presented with IPH only, three with IPH and IVH, and one with IVH only, for a total of 13 cases. There were seven posterior communicating artery, four middle cerebral artery, one basilar apex, and one posterior cerebral artery aneurysms. The incidence of aneurysmal rupture with IPH and/or IVH without SAH is 1.6%

CONCLUSION:
Initial presentation of a ruptured aneurysm without SAH is rare and may have a multifactorial cause attributable to the timing of CT imaging, physiological parameters, or location of the aneurysm. Patients presenting with a head CT scan revealing IPH in the temporal lobe or with IVH should be considered for an urgent workup of a ruptured aneurysm, even in the absence of diffuse SAH.
Continuous Intrathecal Administration of 5-Fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine for the Treatment of Neoplastic Meningitis
Authors: Nakagawa Hidemitsu , Miyahara Eiji , Suzuki Tsuyoshi , Wada Kohichi , Tamura Masakazu , Fukushima Yuji 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
Previously, we reported a good clinical treatment effect of intrathecal chemotherapy by repeated bolus administration of 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine (FdUrd) for neoplastic meningitis (NM). Moreover, we detected no side effects or neurotoxicity despite the long-term repetition of intrathecal administration. On the basis of these findings, continuous intrathecal chemotherapy (CIC) with FdUrd for patients with NM was attempted using a simple pump system. We evaluated the usefulness of CIC with FdUrd for the treatment of NM.

METHODS:
A total of 25 patients were enrolled in this study. FdUrd (1.0 mg/d) was administered using a balloon pump system. CIC was continued as long as possible. Eight patients received whole-brain irradiation (3 Gy × 10) simultaneously with CIC. The effects of the treatment were analyzed in terms of improvement in neurological signs and symptoms and the findings of ventricular and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid analysis 2 and 4 weeks after CIC was initiated and on magnetic resonance imaging scans 2 months after CIC began.

RESULTS:
No apparent toxicity has been observed to date. Evidence of a cerebrospinal fluid response was observed in 13 patients. Headache and nausea were improved in all patients, and cranial nerve impairment was improved in 12 patients. A magnetic resonance imaging response was observed in only 5 patients. Overall response was observed in 15 patients when cases of stable disease were excluded from the responding cases. Survival time from the commencement of CIC (mean ± standard error of the mean) was 255 ± 30 days in 25 patients.

CONCLUSION:
This therapy may be useful, especially as a maintenance therapy for NM.
Penetrating Civilian Craniocerebral Gunshot Wounds: A Protocol of Delayed Surgery
Authors: Liebenberg W Adriaan , Demetriades Andreas K. , Hankins Matthew , Hardwidge Carl , Hartzenberg Bennie H. 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
Several factors have led to our unique approach of delayed definitive débridement. We wanted to evaluate the effectiveness of our management and compare it with the existing data in the literature.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed the records of 194 patients presenting between January 1996 and October 2003 with penetrating craniocerebral gunshot wounds. After exclusion criteria, 125 patients qualified.

RESULTS:
Of the patients, 88.8% were male. The mean age was 24.9 ± 10.9 years. In 70.4% of patients, the presenting Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was 3 to 8. Only 38 (30.4%) of the 125 patients survived, with poor outcome in 2 and good outcome in 36. Bilaterally fixed and dilated pupils and bihemispheric tract on computed tomographic scan were significantly related to poor outcome. There were 49 surgical procedures performed on 27 of the patients, with a mortality rate of 7.4%. Of the 38 survivors, 13 underwent no surgery. Average time to surgery was 11.04 days. Total rate of infection was 8%, and it did not influence outcome. No patient presenting with a GCS score of 3 or 4 survived. Seventeen patients attended follow-up, for a total of 3609 days (average, 212 d) and very few late complications.

CONCLUSION:
Our supportive care of patients is not optimal. We should have saved more of our patients who presented with GCS scores of 14 and 15 who subsequently died. We have been able to report unconventionally late surgical management of two-thirds of survivors, with no surgery in one-third of survivors. Despite a high rate of infectious complications, infection did not lead to death or disability. Our protocol rarely leads to patients surviving in a permanently vegetative state. In the future, we would perform early surgery for patients who present awake and continue our current management for poor-grade patients. In this way, we will improve the number of good outcomes without increasing the population of severely damaged and dependent survivors.
Primary Extradural Epithelioid Leiomyosarcoma of the Cervical Spine: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Marshman Laurence A.G. , Pollock Jonathan R. , King Andrew , Chawda Sanjiv J. 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE:No case of primary epithelioid leiomyosarcoma involving the spine has been reported previously.CLINICAL PRESENTATION:A 61-year-old Nigerian woman presented with progressive spastic quadriparesis and acute urinary retention. Her only medical history included a total abdominal hysterectomy for fibroids 10 years earlier in Nigeria. Results of the general examination were normal. Pyramidal spastic quadriparesis (3/5) with a sensory level at C5–C6 was found neurologically. Magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain and spine revealed extradural cord compression at C3–C5 as the sole abnormality. This was caused by a large, soft tissue mass arising from the erector spinae muscles, which was predominantly isointense on T1-weighted images, of mixed intensity on T2-weighted images, and homogenously enhanced after gadolinium contrast agent administration. There was an associated signal change in the cord at C3–C4. Computed tomography confirmed the predominantly soft tissue involvement, but with bone erosion and infiltration within the posterior elements of C4. Systemic screening for cancer was negative.INTERVENTION:At decompressive laminectomy, urgently undertaken under corticosteroid cover, an excessively vascularized, soft tissue tumor was subtotally excised, after which independent walking and normal sphincter function were regained within 1 week. Four weeks later, a complete macroscopic tumor excision was undertaken, incorporating lateral mass (C3–C6) and C2 pedicle screw stabilization, along with iliac crest bone grafting. The patient's neurological status continued to improve. However, while awaiting radical radiotherapy, the patient declined further treatment and returned to her native Nigeria. Histopathological findings were consistent with an epithelioid leiomyosarcoma.CONCLUSION:This is the first reported case of a primary craniospinal epithelioid leiomyosarcoma.
Gas-phase Catalytic Beckmann Rearrangement over Crystalline BPO4 of Dehydration Ability
Authors: Tsuji Hideto , Setoyama Tohru 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
The crystalline BPO4 with a P/B ratio around 1.5 prepared by dehydration of boric and phosphoric acid was found to be an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the gas-phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime to ε-caprolactam.
Ultrathin Gold Nanosheets Formed by Photoreduction at the Ionic Liquid/Water Interface
Authors: Soejima Tetsuro , Kimizuka Nobuo 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Ultrathin, single-crystalline gold nanosheets with thickness of ca. 10 nm are successfully obtained in water by photoreduction of Au(OH)4− ions at the surface of ionic liquid (IL) μ-droplets. The nanosheets produced at the interface are spontaneously extracted into the ionic liquid phase, which effectively prevents the formation of thicker nanoplates.
The Light-induced Excited Spin State Trapping Effect on Ni(dmit)2 Salt with an Fe(III) Spin-crossover Cation: [Fe(qsal)2][Ni(dmit)2]·2CH3CN
Authors: Takahashi Kazuyuki , Cui HengBo , Kobayashi Hayao , Einaga Yasuaki , Sato Osamu 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
The Ni(dmit)2 salt with an Fe(III) spin-crossover cation, Fe(qsal)2, was prepared and showed a cooperative spin transition based on π–π interactions between π-ligands. The light-induced excited spin state trapping effect on this complex was also observed.
Excited States and Electron-transfer Mechanism in the Photosynthetic Reaction Center of Rhodobactor sphaeroides: SAC-CI Theoretical Study
Authors: Hasegawa Jun-ya , Nakatsuji Hiroshi 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
The SAC-CI calculations clarify the natures of the excited states and the electron-transfer (ET) processes in the photosynthetic reaction center (PSRC) of Rhodobactor (Rb.) sphaeroides. The absorption spectrum was assigned with the averaged error of 0.11 eV. The electronic factors calculated from the SAC-CI wave functions clarified the mechanism of the unidirectionality of the ET in Rb. sphaeroides. It is controlled by the ET step from bacteriochlorophyll (B) to bacteriopheophytin (H), not from the special pair (P) to B as in the Rhodopseudomonas (Rps.) viridis reported previously: the electronic factor of the A-branch ET is 20 times larger than that of the B-branch. An analysis clarified that the unidirectionality originates from the inter-chromophore distances, and further that the hyperconjugations of the methyl groups with the π electrons of the chromophores have primary contributions to the electronic factor.
Formation and Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Nanoscale Cluster Anions of Biphenyl, (BP)n− (n = 2–100)
Authors: Mitsui Masaaki , Matsumoto Yukino , Ando Naoto , Nakajima Atsushi 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Evolution of electronic structures of nanoscale biphenyl cluster anions, (BP)n− (n = 2–100), have been studied by photoelectron spectroscopy in a size-selective fashion. The energetics of vertical detachment energy (VDE) revealed negative electron affinity of a biphenyl molecule and substantial cluster reorganizations via electron attachment. Comparison of the VDE energetics with naphthalene cluster anions implied that the freezing (and/or melting) temperatures of the BP clusters may be much lower than those of naphthalene clusters.
Luminescence Enhancement of Ruthenium Complexes in Polymer Nanosheet by Surface Plasmon Resonance of Metal Nanoparticle
Authors: Tanaka Hiroyuki , Mitsuishi Masaya , Miyashita Tokuji 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
The luminescence properties of tris(2,2′-bipyridine) ruthenium complex (Ru(bpy)32+) incorporated into polymer Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films (polymer nanosheets) excited by localized surface plasmon on metal nanoparticles are described. It was clearly demonstrated that the luminescence intensity of Ru(bpy)32+ was changed by the distance from the localized surface plasmon on the nanoparticle. The enhancement of luminescence by silver nanoparticle and the quenching of luminescence by gold nanoparticle were observed.
Synthesis and Gelation Properties of N,N′-Bis(3,4,5-trialkoxy)benzoylurea: Terpene and Perfume Gels
Authors: Kubo Kanji , Mori Akira 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
New organogelator, N,N′-bis(3,4,5-tridodecyloxy)benzoylurea (1), gelled organic liquid such as alcohol, hydrocabons, ethyl acetate, salad oil, terpenes, and essential and perfume oil at low concentration of gelator. The terpene and perfume gels show good release of the volatile components for a long time.
Inhibition of aldosterone biosynthesis by staurosporine
Authors: Bureik Matthias , Mion Alexander , Kenyon Christopher J. , Bernhardt Rita 
Published: August 2005

AbstractStaurosporine (STS) is a very potent broad-range kinase inhibitor, and its antiproliferative properties made it a lead compound for protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors with therapeutic potential. Because STS also causes hypotension, we investigated in this study whether it directly interferes with the terminal steps of aldosterone biosynthesis; these are catalysed by a mitochondrial steroid hydroxylase system consisting of adrenodoxin reductase, adrenodoxin, and the cytochrome P450 enzyme hCYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase). Here we demonstrate that nanomolar concentrations of STS significantly reduced aldosterone synthase activity in transiently transfected COS-1 cells and in stably transfected V79MZh11B2 cells (IC50=11 nM). However, STS did not inhibit bovine aldosterone synthase in a reconstituted steroid hydroxylation assay. In transiently transfected COS-1 cells, the protein level of adrenodoxin (but not that of adrenodoxin reductase or of hCYP11B2) was significantly reduced after treatment with 2 nM STS. Finally, we show that STS treatment (1 μg/day) of mice reduced their aldosterone/renin ratio by almost 50% (p=0.015). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a directin vivoeffect of STS on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. We conclude (i) that the hypotensive effect of staurosporine is at least partly due to inhibition of aldosterone biosynthesis via adrenodoxin depletion, and (ii) that aldosterone biosynthesis can be regulatedin vivoat the level of adrenodoxin availability.