bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient upconversion photodynamic performance of rare-earth-coupled dual-photosensitizers: ultrafast experiments and excited-state calculations
Authors: Yang Yubiao , Zhang Lei , Xiao Chao , Huang Zhencheng , Zhao Fuli , Yin Jinchang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Upconversion photodynamic therapy (UC-PDT), which integrates upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with photosensitizers (PSs), presents a promising advancement in the field of phototherapy. However, despite the extensive studies focused on the design and synthesis of UCNPs, there is a paucity of systematic research on the mechanisms underlying the synergistic upconversion photodynamic effects. Here we have synthesized upconversion core@dotted-shell nanoparticles (CDSNPs) and covalently tethered them with two distinct PSs, thereby constructing a dual-PS UC-PDT system with high synergistic photodynamic performance. To unravel the mechanism underlying the synergism, we employed a combination of quantum mechanical calculations and ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy techniques. The results indicate that rare earth oxides play a pivotal role in enhancing the intersystem crossing processes of PSs through modulating their excited electronic states. Additionally, Förster resonance energy transfer between two distinct PSs contributes to the amplification of triplet state populations, thus further enhancing the photodynamic effect. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the prepared CDSNPs based dual-PS system exhibits excellent biocompatibility with normal cells and exceptional synergistic photodynamic efficacy against tumor cells upon near-infrared excitation. This research contributes theoretical insights into the design and application of multi-photosensitizer UC-PDT systems, laying the groundwork for more efficient preclinical implementations in the future.
Numerical investigation of thermal radiation with entropy generation effects in hybrid nanofluid flow over a shrinking/stretching sheet
Authors: Muhammad Raza Shah Naqvi Syed , Manzoor Umair , Waqas Hassan , Liu Dong , Naeem Hamzah , Eldin Sayed M. , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The need for efficiency in nanotechnology has spurred extraordinary development. Hybrid nanofluids, which are base fluids injected with nanoparticles, have a great potential for thermal enhancement in thermal systems. Particularly promising for magnetic thermal engineering are magnetic hybrid nanofluids. Understanding dynamic transport in Graphene Oxide (GO)–Fe3O4/H2O and GO/H2O nanofluids over stretching and shrinking surfaces, with severe entropy consequences, is still uncharted territory. To fully grasp this complexity, our study examines the numerical investigation of entropy formation in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) hybrid nanofluids. The aim of this study is to establish a mathematical framework for understanding entropy production in the context of MHD, unsteady, incompressible flow of hybrid nanofluid flow over surfaces that experience both stretching and shrinking. The investigation encompasses the influence of MHD effects and nonlinear thermal radiation on flow behavior. The governing modeled form is modified into solvable representations in Cartesian configuration and then addressed utilizing the built-in bvp4c approach in MATLAB. For numerous quantities of the relevant parameters, several key features of flow and heat transmission are explored, discussed, and illustrated utilizing tables and graphs. Furthermore, the heat transfer properties in a magnetic field have been improved dramatically. The comprehensive entropy generation rate was condensed by up to 41% as opposed to refined water, according to the findings from the analysis.
Diagnostic machine learning applications on clinical populations using functional near infrared spectroscopy: a review
Authors: Eken Aykut , Nassehi Farhad , Eroğul Osman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and its interaction with machine learning (ML) is a popular research topic for the diagnostic classification of clinical disorders due to the lack of robust and objective biomarkers. This review provides an overview of research on psychiatric diseases by using fNIRS and ML. Article search was carried out and 45 studies were evaluated by considering their sample sizes, used features, ML methodology, and reported accuracy. To our best knowledge, this is the first review that reports diagnostic ML applications using fNIRS. We found that there has been an increasing trend to perform ML applications on fNIRS-based biomarker research since 2010. The most studied populations are schizophrenia (n = 12), attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (n = 7), and autism spectrum disorder (n = 6) are the most studied populations. There is a significant negative correlation between sample size (>21) and accuracy values. Support vector machine (SVM) and deep learning (DL) approaches were the most popular classifier approaches (SVM = 20) (DL = 10). Eight of these studies recruited a number of participants more than 100 for classification. Concentration changes in oxy-hemoglobin (ΔHbO) based features were used more than concentration changes in deoxy-hemoglobin (ΔHb) based ones and the most popular ΔHbO-based features were mean ΔHbO (n = 11) and ΔHbO-based functional connections (n = 11). Using ML on fNIRS data might be a promising approach to reveal specific biomarkers for diagnostic classification.
On wh and subject positions, the EPP, and contextuality of syntax
Authors: Bošković Željko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBy examining local subject A’-movement, the paper argues for a split IP and a contextual approach to the EPP where its locus is not a fixed, unique position, but varies depending on the syntactic context. The landing site of subject wh-movement (wholeft) is argued to be lower than non-subject wh-movement (whodid he leave) but higher than regular subjects (Amyleft). Quirky subjects are argued to be lower than agreeing subjects, with a generalization proposed regarding their availability. The overall account is extended to many cases, including V-2 in Germanic, subject-restricted relativizations,only-subjects, Defaka focus-movement, Hong Kong Sign Language wh-movement, imperative and CP subjects, locative inversion, Singlish non-agreeing subjects, Japanese and Chinese subjects. Regarding the EPP, the paper argues for a contextual approach where, on a par with a contextual approach to phases, there is an EPP domain, with the highest projection in the EPP domain being the locus of the EPP (on a par with the highest projection in a phasal domain being a phase). This conception of the EPP is put into a broader perspective regarding a more general move toward contextuality in syntax.
Recreational use of psychedelics at music festivals: Motivation, nature of experiences and learnings
Authors: Mosina Iryana , Michael Pascal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present research study investigated the phenomenon of recreational use of psychedelics at music festivals, analysing whether the resulting experiences could possibly be recognized as valuable in terms of preventive mental health strategies. Quantitative (online survey) and qualitative (interviews) research methods have been combined to illuminate 3 main topics: motivation for the setting choice; the nature of the resulting experiences & their influence on people's lives; learnings from psychedelic experiences at music festivals (PEMF).Among other findings, motivation evolved around fun, enhancing the sensory exploration of the world, and deepening the connection to its diverse parts through engagement with art, nature and other beings. Factors, distinguishing music festivals from other settings, were significant for the setting choice (non-controllability of the environment, community & connection aspect, diversity & richness of the surroundings, pharmacological specifics). Remarkably, the non-controllability of the environment, otherwise avoided in the psychedelic research, contributed to the life-changing effects of PEMF. Exploration of their nature showed that, mostly rooted in poly-drug use, the enjoyable were clearly dominating over the challenging ones. The mystical PEMF appeared to be surprisingly common. Participants shared the related life-changing effects, centred around changed perception (increased empathy, awareness, acceptance; new perspectives, etc.) and changed behaviours (increased mindfulness in all life areas; making different life choices; changed approach to relationships, etc.). Except for post MDMA recovery, a positive impact of PEMF on mental health and the emotional state of the participants was reported, referring to increased levels of happiness, compassion, awe, trust and to emotional balance. This study showed the potential value of PEMF in terms of preventive mental health strategies in various forms. Acknowledging these findings as well as the existence of potential risks for triggering psychiatric conditions, de-stigmatization of recreational use could help introduce meaningful changes, including substance testing availability, prioritization of education as well as mandatory welfare and harm reduction services on-site.
LSD use in the United States: Examining user demographics and their evolution from 2015–2019
Authors: Weleff Jeremy , Anand Akhil , Dewey Elizabeth N. , Barnett Brian S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use has risen in the United States in recent years amid increased interest in therapeutic applications of psychedelics. Despite this, contemporary epidemiological investigations of LSD users are few. To expand the literature on this topic, we sought to characterize past-year LSD users in the United States and investigate recent demographic evolution within this population.MethodsUsing National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data from 2015–2019, we investigated correlates of past-year LSD use and associated changes over the study period.ResultsPast-year LSD use increased by 47% from 2015 to 2019 (0.59%–0.87%). However, among people reporting past-year hallucinogen use disorder there was no significant proportional increase in LSD users. Notable correlates of LSD use on multivariable analysis were: increased LSD access, lower perceived risk of trying LSD, low income, fewer children in the home, being approached by someone selling drugs in the past month, and past-year suicide attempt among people age 18 and older. We found no associations with unemployment, arrest history, or past-year psychological distress. From 2015 to 2019, the proportion of respondents reporting past-year LSD use who were age 26–34 and married increased. Past-year LSD use among lifetime users of methamphetamine also rose.ConclusionsThough still uncommonly used in the United States, LSD's societal acceptance may be increasing. Overall, LSD does not appear to contribute significantly to the country's public health problems.
The History of The Ponoragan Bridal Tradition in Ponorogo Regency in 2008 - 2019
Authors: Pratama Kristian Aji 
Published: February 2024

This thesis examines the history of Ponoragan wedding customs in Ponorogo Regency in 2008-2019. The purpose of this study is to explain the history of the formation to the inauguration of the Ponoragan bridal custom in Ponorogo Regency and the existence of the Ponoragan bridal custom after it was nationally confirmed by the Central Leadership Council of the Indonesian Bridal Makeup Expert Association (HARPI) "MELATI" in 2017. The method used in this study is a historical method consisting of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The approach used is cultural anthropology with anthropological theory in socio-cultural dynamics put forward by Kingsley Davis. The results of this study indicate that the Ponoragan bridal custom is a new cultural identity inspired by several iconic elements found in Ponorogo Regency, especially the Reyog Ponorogo Art. The early formation of the Ponoragan wedding tradition was inseparable from the influence of Mataraman culture, namely Solo and Yogyakarta. Prior to the existence of the Ponoragan wedding custom, the Ponorogo people wore Solo and Yogyakarta wedding customs. After 2008 the wedding customs used by the Ponorogo people were the Ponoragan wedding customs, the Modern wedding customs, and the Sunda Siger wedding customs. In 2008 Sutji Hariati who was chairman of the HARPI "MELATI" Ponorogo District Leadership Council had aspirations to create a regional bridal custom typical of Ponorogo Regency, then the idea was discussed in monthly meetings with the management of the HARPI "MELATI" Ponorogo District Executive Board with an agenda Excavation of traditional bridal traditions from the Ponorogo Regency area. The Ponoragan bridal custom was nationally confirmed by the HARPI Central Leadership Council "MELATI" in 2017 and won second place in the national level traditional bridal make-up event in the city of Bandung in 2019.
Keywords: Ponoragan Bridal Tradition, Reyog, Mataraman
Stresses of the power plant of a feller buncher during operation of a feller head with a disk saw
Authors: Зверев И.А. , Александров В.А. 
Published: February 2024

В статье рассматривается динамическая нагруженность силовой установки валочно-пакетирующей машины, оснащенной захватно-срезающим устройством с дисковым режущим органом, в процессе разгона пильного диска. Разработана математическая модель, позволяющая на этапе проектирования валочно- пакетирующей машины, определить величину добавочного динамического момента, действующего на силовую установку машины. Математическое описание составлено в форме уравнения Лагранжа 2-го рода. Приведен пример расчета математической модели для валочно-пакетирующей машины ЛП-19Ф, оснащенной захватно-срезающим устройством с дисковым режущим органом «FMG-Timberjack». Представлен график изменения добавочного динамического момента при времени разгона системы 0,3, 0,5 и 0,8 с. Анализ результатов исследования показал, что величина добавочного динамического момента в режимах разгона пильного диска является незначительной. При времени разгона равном 0,3 с, максимальное значение добавочного динамического момента составляет всего 7,6 Н·м.
The article develops the dynamic loading of the power plant of a feller buncher machine, equipped with a feller head with a disk saw, during the acceleration of the saw blade. A mathematical model has been developed that allows, at the design stage of a compact feller buncher machine, to determine the magnitude of a significant dynamic moment existing on the machine’s power plant. The mathematical description is in the form of the Lagrange equation of the second kind. An example of calculating a mathematical model for a LP-19F feller buncher machine equipped with an FMG Timberjack feller head with a disk saw is given. The presented graph of changes in the additional dynamic moment at system acceleration times of 0.3, 0.5 and 0.8 s. Analysis of the research results showed that the amount of additional dynamic moment in the saw blade acceleration modes is insignificant. With an acceleration time of 0.3 s, the maximum value of the additional dynamic moment is only 7.6 N·m.
Variability of shrinkage of pine wood in a tree trunk
Authors: Кантиева Е.В. , Снегирева С.Н. , Платонов А.Д. 
Published: February 2024

Древесина является анизотропным материалом, вследствие чего ее физико- механические свойства различны как в продольном, так и поперечных направлениях. Усушка – важное технологическое свойство древесины. Величина усушки древесины неравномерна в продольном и поперечных направлениях и во многом зависит от породы и изменчивости плотности в стволе дерева. Знание величины усушки необходимо для рационального использования древесины, её учета и выбора технологии обработки. Целью исследования является установление изменчивости усушки древесины сосны в стволе дерева на примере древостоев лесостепной зоны Воронежской области. Исследования выполнены на срезах древесины, выпиленных на разной высоте ствола. Установлено, что величина объемной усушки по высоте ствола уменьшается от комля к вершине в среднем на 1,2% на каждый метр. Изменчивость усушки древесины в стволе дерева в тангенциальном направлении больше в центральной и средней части радиуса ствола, в радиальном направлении в периферийной и средней части радиуса.
Wood is an anisotropic material, as a result its physical and mechanical properties are different in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The variation in the wood properties is characteristic within the same species and in the tree trunk. Shrinkage is an important technological wood property that characterizes the change in the linear dimensions and volume of wood with a change in the amount of bound moisture. The value of wood shrinkage is uneven in the longitudinal and transverse directions and largely depends on the species and density variability in the tree trunk. The shrinkage value is necessary for the rational use of wood, its accounting and the choice of processing technology. The aim of the study is to establish the shrinkage variability of pine wood in a tree trunk with forest stands in the forest-steppe zone of the Voronezh region. The studies were carried out on sections of wood sawn at different trunk heights. It has been established that the value of volumetric shrinkage along the trunk height decreases from the butt to the top by an average of 1.2% per meter. The variability of wood shrinkage in the tree trunk in the tangential direction is greater in the central and middle parts of the trunk radius, in the radial direction in the peripheral and middle parts of the radius.
Some power aspects of the process of chipless division of wood with disc knives
Authors: Ивановский В.П. , Верхоломов А.Е. 
Published: February 2024

Технологический процесс в деревообработке, связанный с деформацией обработки древесины мягких лиственных пород, является прогрессивным. Для определения этого было выполнено несколько конкретных задач. Путем моделирования физических процессов деформирования в древесине мягких лиственных пород учтены определенные особенности и условия, что наиболее полно отражают математические модели. Через этот инструмент предложен для резания перечень рациональных режимов как итог аналитической обработки контактного взаимодействия инструмента с древесиной в специализированной компьютерной среде. Рекомендованы наиболее результативные из технологических операций, а также подготовлены технологические карты, где предписана каждая основная деформирующей обработки мягколиственной древесины для механически обрабатываемой древесины. С пересмотром исследовательской методики, определен новый ракурс применения перечисленных технологических процессов – экономичный и эргономичный. С помощью последующего анализа была определена прогрессивность новых разработок, позволяющих проводить деформацию обработки древесины мягких лиственных пород максимально эффективно.
The technological process in woodworking associated with the deformation of the processing of soft hardwood is progressive. Several specific tasks have been carried out to determine this. By modeling the physical processes of deformation in soft deciduous wood, certain features and conditions are taken into account, which is most fully reflected by mathematical models. Through this tool, a list of rational modes is proposed for cutting as a result of analytical processing of the contact interaction of the tool with wood in a specialized computer environment. The most productive of the technological operations were named, and technological maps were prepared, where each basic deforming treatment of soft-deciduous wood for mechanically processed wood is prescribed. With the revision of the research methodology, a new perspective for the application of the listed technological processes was determined – economical and ergonomic. With the help of subsequent analysis, the progressiveness of new developments was determined, which make it possible to carry out deformation of the processing of soft deciduous wood as efficiently as possible.
Introduction of trees and shrubs in the B.V. Grozdov Botanical garden of Bryansk
Authors: Скок А.В. , Скок А.А. , Сорокопудов В.Н. , Соловьева С.Ф. 
Published: February 2024

В статье приведена характеристика Ботанического сада им. Б.В. Гроздова и история его создания. Дана характеристика коллекции Ботанического сада, дано распределение их по географической принадлежности и таксонам. Приведены особенности интродукции и акклиматизации видов на территории сада. Даны ре- комендации по подбору растений для введения в зеленые насаждения г. Брянска.
The article provides characteristics of the Botanical Garden named after. B.V. Grozdov and the history of its creation. The characteristics of the collection of the Botanical Garden are given, yes, but their distribution by geographical location and taxa. The features of the introduction and acclimatization of species in the garden are given. Recommendations are given on the selection of plants for introduction into green spaces in Bryansk.
Comparative in-Vitro Evaluation of Material Properties of Commonly Used Root-End Filling Materials
Authors: Maqsood Maryam , Gul Hashmat , Kaleem Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

Background: Standard guidelines for performing conventional endodontic procedures have undergone a number of modifications recently. An ideal characteristics of a root end filling materials include dimensional stability; radio-opacity; non-resorbability; compressibility, adequate working and quick setting time; biocompatibility especially in peri-radicular area; bioactivity and easy handling properties.
Objectives: This study evaluated and compared different root-end filling materials by determining their solubility, sorption and fluid uptake after immersion in deionized water over a period of 28 days.
Methods: Materials were mixed a per manufacturer’s instructions and disc-shaped specimens were made (15mm×1mm). After 24h curing, discs were immersed in deionized water and incubated at 37±1◦C. At specified time intervals, measurements for mass and volume of discs were taken to calculate fluid sorption, solubility and uptake.
Results: Fluid uptake of MTA was 0.029±0.0025g at day 1 and 0.066±0.004g at day 28 whereas, for Acroseal it was 0.0006±0.0001g at day 1 and 0.006±0.001g at day 28. Fluid uptake of MTA and Acroseal increased with passage of time but for Biodentine fluid uptake decreased from day 1 (0.017±0.005g) to day 28 (0.008±0.005g). Acroseal exhibited lowest values of fluid sorption (0.006±0.0005%) and solubility (0.0006±0.00005%) whereas bio-dentine exhibited maximum values of fluid sorption (0.06±0.007%) and solubility (0.04±0.03%).
Conclusions: Percent water solubility and sorption of Biodentine is higher than MTA and Acroseal, whereas its fluid uptake decreases over a period of 28 days in comparison to MTA and Acroseal, indicating its stability and thus making Biodentine a better root-end filling material.