bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cosmic-Ray Radiation Effects on Ibuprofen Tablet Formulation Inside and Outside of the International Space Station
Authors: Tran Quy , Spooner Nigel , Geoghehan Sean , Thavarajah Shanjaye , Rahman Shamaun , Tran Nam , Williams Philip , Jarquin Sandra , Kim Dong-Hyun , Davey Kenneth , Buell Jeff , Shumbera Mark , Gittleman Mark , Clements Twyman , Stoudemire Jana , Fisk Ian , Hessel Volker 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In extreme environments people will have different needs for medicine(s). It is important, therefore, to know how medicine efficacy will be impacted by the environment. Ibuprofen is very widely used in tablet formulation in temperate climates on Earth. Via the first companion experiment inside the International Space Station (ISS) and outside ISS at the Multipurpose International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) platformwe give evidence that Earth-commercial ibuprofen tablets could fail in space, despite encasing in a commercial pharmacy aluminum-blister. We introduce the concept of ‘space medicines’, where solid-dosage forms are formulated with excipients, such as iron oxide, to protect the pharmaceutical active from accelerated degradation in spaceflight. We apply Earth radionuclide and photon experiments to simulate dose(s) in ISS and significantly greater, and establish the impact of alpha, beta and gamma rays. We demonstrate that tablet formulation protects from impact of alpha and beta rays; however, gamma rays decompose ibuprofen even when ‘masked’. Importantly, we show all rays decompose ‘unmasked’ pure ibuprofen. We report for the first time a systematic analysis, of nineteen (19) tablet compositions, inside and outside of ISS that permit determination of the effect of compositional changes of the tablet matrix. We confirm that the iron oxide-shielded tablets, according to our four-fold degradation descriptor rating, had ‘minimal’ reduction of ibuprofen content (<10%) inside ISS, whereas all others had ‘moderate’ reduction (>10%); with one exception. The tablets exhibited much greater ibuprofen degradation (> 30-50%) outside ISS at the MISSE platform, which permits exposure to harsh conditions including extreme temperature fluctuation, ultraviolet radiation, highly reactive atomic oxygen, and micrometeoroids. Significantly, we find that the flavor has shielding potential, most likely because of radical scavenging. We conclude that efficacy of ibuprofen is adversely affected in space, and that effects will likely be exacerbated on missions to deeper space e.g., to moon and Mars.
Synthesis, characterization and functionalization of MOFs and their use in Knoevenagel condensation reactions between ethyl cyanoacetate and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde
Authors: Rocha Katlhen Lorrayne Alves , de Souza Paulo Sérgio , Lião Luciano Moraes , Perez Caridad Noda 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials composed of metal ions, clusters and organic ligands. Due to their outstanding chemical, thermal, and solvent stability, as well as numerous unsaturated metal sites, they have proven to be useful catalysts. In this study, MOFs were synthesized using hydrothermal methods with terephthalic acid and Ca, Mg, Al, and Cr nitrates. Subsequently, the MOFs were functionalized with diethylamine. The formation of MOF-Al and MOF-Cr structures was confirmed through characterization by XRD, FT-IR, and CHN analyses, while MOF-Ca and MOF-Mg could not be detected. SEM images revealed the particle size and morphology of the particles, which ranged between 0.2 and 1 mm. TGA/DTA curves revealed that the functionalized MOFs were the most thermally stable. Textural analysis by N2 adsorption/desorption showed that MOF-Cr and MOF-Cr-NH2 had high BET area values of 1,769.67 and 998.22 m2g− 1, respectively. The MOFs were employed as catalysts in Knoevenagel condensation reactions to synthesize (E)-ethyl 2-cyano-3-phenylacrylate and (E)-methyl 2-cyano-3-phenylacrylate, indicating their potential for reactions requiring acidic or basic sites.
Mindfulness and Depressive Symptoms Among College Students: Multiple Mediation Effect of Sleep Quality and BMI
Authors: Xie Jiafan , Li Zehan , Zhai Chenxiao , Sheng Meiyan , Li Shengpeng , Gao Mengqian , Yang Qianqian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study was to examine whether sleep quality and BMI play mediating roles in the relationship of mindfulness and depressive symptoms via a cross-sectional study.
Methods
A total of 1182 college students were recruited. The Chinese version of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire, BMI, and the nine-item scale, Patient health Questionnaire-9 were used to gather data. Associations among mindfulness, sleep quality, BMI, and depressive symptoms were assessed via correlation and serial-multiple mediation analyses.
Results
The mindfulness, sleep quality, BMI, and depressive symptoms were found to be significantly correlated. Mindfulness can have a direct negative impact on depressive symptoms, but also an indirect impact through three paths: independent mediating role of sleep quality, independent mediating role of BMI, and chain-mediating role of sleep quality and BMI.
Conclusions
Mindfulness can affect depressive symptoms through improved sleep quality and decreasing BMI among college students. Interventions aimed at improving the level of mindfulness would be beneficial for sleep quality, body weight, and depressive symptoms.
RBM14 enhances transcriptional activity of p23 regulating CXCL1 expression to induce EMT in lung cancer
Authors: Yu Zhenlong , Zhang Wen , Peng Yulin , Zhou Meirong , Che Yilin , Chen Junlin , Zhang Wenhao , He Chengjian , Qi Minghang , Tian Manman , Tian Xiangge , Yan Fei , Wang Yan , Huo Xiaokui , Ma Xiaochi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Metastasis serves as a malignant indicator and biological characteristic of pulmonary carcinoma. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in facilitating tumor invasion and metastasis, and enhances the aggressiveness of tumor cells. Prostaglandin E synthase 3 (PTGES3) functions as an HSP90 co-chaperone. Our previous study revealed its HSP90-independent role as a transcription factor involved in cancer-related inflammation. Our present study aims to investigate the impact and mechanism of p23 on lung cancer metastasis. By utilizing cell models in vitro and mouse tail vein metastasis modelsin vivo, our results provide solid evidences that p23 plays a crucial role in promoting lung cancer metastasis through regulating the downstream CXCL1 expression, which is not achieved independently, but rather through formatting a complex with RBM14, thereby facilitating the occurrence and progression of EMT in lung cancer. Therefore, our study demonstrates the potential therapeutic application of the RBM14-p23-CXCL1-EMT axis in targeting lung cancer metastasis.
Smart Transport Within Smart Cities: Ankara 5G Valley Case
Authors: Ateş Mücella , Talih Ozgür 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This research focuses on examining the application of smart transportation and 5G technologies in the designated test area, Hacettepe University 1604 Street, as determined by the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure. Our objective was to identify what factors of smart transportation are significant for practitioners in this area. To achieve this, we employed the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology as our approach. The study’s results indicated that in order to be considered “smart,” transportation systems should not harm the environment. Within the study methodology, the concept of the environment emerged as significant among smart transportation practitioners. The study’s originality stems from its extensive field research, which aims to provide a more comprehensive evaluation and a fresh perspective on the 5G Valley in Turkey. The authors’ involvement in the project within the Ministry has allowed for a detailed examination.
The guiding value of inferior vena cava diameter, inferior vena cava collapse index and inferior vena cava to abdominal aorta ratio in neonates with early onset septic shock
Authors: Mi Lanlan , Liu Yiman , Bei Fei , Sun Jianhua , Bu Jun , Zhang Yuqi , Guo Weiwei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Shock is a potentially fatal condition in neonates that requires timely fluid resuscitation and hemodynamic monitoring. Echocardiography may improve assessment and treatment, but reference values across gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) are lacking. This study aimed to correlate key indicators with GA and BW of newborns with nonhemodynamic abnormalities, provide corresponding reference ranges, and evaluate them in neonates with early onset septic (EOS) -shock.
Methods
A total of 200 control group newborns were enrolled, and the inferior vena cava diameter (IVC), inferior vena cava collapse index (IVC-CI), and inferior vena cava to abdominal aorta ratio (IVC/AO) were recorded using echocardiography. Neonates were grouped based on GA, BW, days of age, and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). 18 cases of neonatal EOS shock were also monitored using echocardiography.
Results
IVC and AO significantly increased with GA and BW (P < 0.05). IVC-CI and IVC/AO did not correlate with GA, BW, day of age, and PDA. Compared to control group, the EOS-shock group had significantly decreased IVC and IVC/AO and increased IVC-CI (P < 0.05). Cut-off values for indicating EOS-shock were > 34.15% for IVC-CI, < 47.58% for IVCmin/AO, and < 66.11% for IVCmax/AO.
Conclusions
IVC-CI, IVCmin/AO, and IVCmax/AO are applicable to all neonates. Although the number of neonates with EOS-shock is limited, the cut-off values still show certain diagnostic value. Further research is needed to determine the universality of the population and the role in the diagnosis and treatment of shock in neonates.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Neonatal hypothermia: A Cross-Sectional Study among Healthy term Neonates in a peri-urban Hospital in Northern Uganda
Authors: Akao Mary Grace , Ratib Dricile , Epuitai Joshua , Ayebare Elizabeth , Ndeezi Grace , Tumwiine James K. , Nalwadda Gorrette 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Neonatal hypothermia is highly prevalent even in warm tropical countries. Neonatal hypothermia increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. In Uganda, the exact prevalence of hypothermia is not known among healthy term neonates.
Objective
To determine the prevalence of neonatal hypothermia and the associated factors in Lira Regional Referral Hospital.
Methods
Hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in Northern Uganda. Direct observations for initiation of warm-chain practices by the midwives during delivery were done for 271 newborns. The axillary temperature of neonates was measured at intervals of 10 minutes, 30 minutes, one hour and 2 hours after birth. The multivariate binary logistic regression was done. Pre-set 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 used to identify factors significantly associated with neonatal hypothermia.
Results
Hypothermia was found in 67.6% of the neonates at one point in time during the first two hours postpartum. Neonatal hypothermia was 64.5% at 10 minutes, 81% at 30 minutes, 76% at one hour and 49% at two hours postpartum. Hypothermia was significantly associated with low birth weight (AOR = 2.78; 95% CI: 1.01–7.62); male sex (AOR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.04–3.33), not drying the newborn (AOR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.64–5.72); no skin to skin contact within five minutes postpartum (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.15–4.10); and low maternal body temperature (AOR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.49–4.76).
Conclusions
The prevalence of neonatal hypothermia was high in the first two hours. More than two-thirds of the newborns had hypothermia in the first two hours after birth. Neonates who were male, not dried properly, of low birth weight, not initiated on skin to skin contact and with low maternal body temperature were significantly associated with increased likelihood of developing hypothermia at two hours after birth.
Association between age at first birth and depression: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018
Authors: Hong Qin , Yang Chuanli , Li Qiong , Dong Yu , Fang Fujin , Dong Xiushan , Shen Xiaobing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Over 5% of the world's population suffers from depression, and women are nearly twice as likely to experience it as men. However, the relationship between depressed symptoms and age at first birth (AFB) in women hasn't been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between AFB and depression in US women.
Methods: We used data from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 9,515 women aged ≥ 20 who have completed Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Reproductive Questionnaire data were selected for the study. PHQ-9 was used to assess depressive symptoms, and total scores ≥ 10 were identified as having depression. Multivariate regression models were performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), controlling for reproductive factors and other covariates, to analyze the association between age at first birth and the risk of depression in women.
Results:In the weighted sample, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 11.5% among women. Compared to participants with AFB of 27-29 years old (reference group), fully adjusted models showed that the ORs and 95% CI for women with AFB < 18, 18-21, and 21-23 years old were 4.55 (95% CI 1.99, 10.41), 2.10 (95% CI 1.12, 3.96), and 2.53 (95% CI 1.22, 5.23). Yet there was no significant difference between AFB of 24–26, or > 29 years compared to the reference group.
Conclusion:Women with younger AFB are at higher risk for depression. Further research is needed to determine causal relationships and mechanisms between AFB and increased risk of depression.
Ni-Cr-P composite co-deposition on the surface of 65Mn alloy steel
Authors: Mei Shunqi , Yang Jinyu , Zheng Quan , Lygdenov Burial , Zhou Cong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

65Mn alloy steel, as a promising raw material for the manufacture of knitting needles, requires in-depth study in order to enhance its surface hardness and wear-corrosion resistance. This study focused on the chemical deposition and properties of Ni-Cr-P composite co-deposition on the surface of 65Mn alloy steel. The effects of plating solution composition, process parameters, and their effects on coating deposition rate, surface hardness, and other indicators were also analyzed. The results showed that, under conditions of 12 g/L CrCl3·6H2O, 5 g/L C6H8O7·H2O, 20 g/L C3H6O3, pH 5.5, and a temperature of 70°C, the coating obtained exhibited optimal performance, with a deposition rate of 3.292 µm/h, a microhardness reaching 627.28 HV0.2, and P and Cr elemental contents of 9.16 and 0.127 wt%, respectively. The coating structure was dense, with good adhesion and minimal porosity. To further enhance the wear resistance, a Ni-Cr-P coating was prepared using the aforementioned process parameters, followed by heat treatment. The effects of heat treatment temperature on the microstructure, microhardness, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra, and other characteristics were analyzed. The results indicated an optimal heat treatment temperature for the coating of 200°C. Following heat treatment, the microhardness of the coating remained relatively unchanged, and there was a tendency for the coating structure to become more crystalline, leading to improved wear and corrosion resistance.
Prolonged Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Targeting the Left Prefrontal Cortex and Cerebellum Does Not Affect Executive Functions in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Xu Mei , Nikolin Stevan , Moffa Adriano H. D. M. , Xu Xiaomin , Su Yon , Li Roger , Chan Hofung , Loo Colleen K. , Martin Donel M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for alleviating negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia commonly targets the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (LDLPFC). However, the therapeutic effectiveness of rTMS at this site remains inconclusive and increasingly, studies are focusing on cerebellar rTMS. Recently, prolonged intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) has emerged as a rapid-acting form of rTMS with promising clinical benefits. This study explored the cognitive and neurophysiological effects of prolonged iTBS administered to the LDLPFC and cerebellum in a healthy cohort. 50 healthy participants took part in a cross-over study and received prolonged (1800 pulses) iTBS targeting the LDLPFC, cerebellar vermis, and sham iTBS. Mixed effects repeated measures models examined cognitive and event-related potentials (ERPs) from 2-back (P300, N200) and Stroop (N200, N450) tasks after stimulation. Exploratory non-parametric cluster-based permutation tests compared ERPs between conditions. There were no significant differences between conditions for behavioural and ERP outcomes on the 2-back and Stroop tasks. Exploratory cluster-based permutation tests of ERPs did not identify any significant differences between conditions. We did not find evidence that a single session of prolonged iTBS administered to either the LDLPFC or cerebellum could cause any cognitive or ERP changes compared to sham in a healthy sample.
Investigation on the Occupational Situation of Clinical Research Associates in China
Authors: Du Can , Han Qi , Lu Ziqian , Li Jia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
To understand the occupational situation of clinical research associates (CRAs) in terms of workloads, difficulties in monitoring and occupational satisfaction. To provide reference for further improving the occupational status of CRA, enhance the quality of clinical trials, and monitoring efficiency.
Methods
This study is a national cross-sectional survey, and over a 2-month period. The research data are collected through self-made questionnaires, consisting of such five sections on CRAs as basic information, work situation, satisfaction with other participants in clinical trials, career satisfaction, suggestions. The questionnaire was put into a QR code for invited CRAs to scan and participate anonymously. All the data were directly exported for statistical analysis after collected.
Results
The survey ultimately included 401 valid questionnaires, of which 71.32% were female, the average age is 27.86 years old, 95.01% had a bachelor's degree or above, and 60% had a pharmaceutical major. 80% of CRA work hours exceed the standard working hours requirement. The frequency of CRA business trips has decreased under the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic, with 79.3% of CRAs traveling for less than 7 days per month. Only 49.63% of people were satisfied with the current salary level, but about 80% of people are satisfied with promotion channels and company training. It was suggested by more than 80% of CRAs that the application materials for clinical trials should be unified nationwide and an ethical mutual recognition system, which allows the approved ethical results of one ethics committee to be recognized across all research sites involved, be implemented.
Conclusions
Currently, CRAs has a relatively large workload and generally works overtime. The monitoring difficulties faced by CRAs from three aspects: hospitals, companies, and themselves. With the number of CRAs on the rise, it is necessary to generate more professional associates with higher quality and increase corresponding training channels. Meanwhile, efforts remain to be made by hospitals to reinforce their management and provide better training for investigators so as to improve the efficiency of monitoring. It is incumbent on the enterprises to provide matching salaries and benefits with a view to improving the retention of employees.
Structural origins of dielectric anomalies in the filled tetragonal tungsten bronze, Sr2NaNb5O15
Authors: Tidey Jeremiah , Dey Urmimala , Sanchez Ana , Chen Wei-tin , Chen Bo-Hao , Chuang Yu-Chun , Fernández-Díaz María , Bristowe Nicholas , Beanland Richard , Senn Mark 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The tetragonal tungsten bronze, Sr2NaNb5O15, shows promise for application in high-temperature high-efficiency capacitors vital for the sustainable energy revolution. Previously, the structural complexity of this and related materials has obscured the mechanisms underpinning two large anomalies in relative permittivity (εr) which give rise to their exceptionally broad dielectric response. We comprehensively investigate the structural evolution from − 173 to 627°C, combining electron, X-ray and neutron diffraction, electron microscopy, and first principles electronic structure calculations to unambiguously identify the structural origins of both anomalies. The peak in εr at 305°C is associated with a polar-nonpolar phase transition, wherein cations displace along the c-axis. Guided by DFT, we identify a further transition upon cooling, associated with the second peak at − 14°C, linked to the softening of an in-plane polar distortion with a correlation length limited by ferroelastic nano-domains arising from rigid-unit-like tilting of NbO6 octahedra at high temperature, imparting relaxor-like behaviour. Thus, the two dielectric anomalies in Sr2NaNb5O15 are associated with two distinct crystallographic phase transitions and their interplay with a microstructure that arises from a third, non-polar structural distortion. Chemical control of these will enable development of tuneable materials with dielectric properties suitable for high-temperature energy storage applications.
Navigating Geographical Disparities: Access to Obstetric Hospitals in Maternity Care Deserts and across the United States
Authors: Fontenot Jazmin , Brigance Christina , Lucas Ripley , Stoneburner Ashley 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Access to maternity care in the U.S. remains inequitable, impacting over two million women in maternity care “deserts." These areas, exacerbated by hospital closures and workforce shortages, heighten risks of pregnancy-related complications, particularly in rural regions. This study investigates travel distances and time to obstetric hospitals, emphasizing disparities faced by those in maternity care deserts and rural areas, while also exploring variances across races and ethnicities.
METHODS
The research adopted a retrospective secondary data analysis, utilizing the American Hospital Association and Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Provider of Services Files to classify obstetric hospitals. The study population included census tract estimates of birthing individuals sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau's 2017–2021 American Community Survey. Using ArcGIS Pro Network Analyst, drive time and distance calculations to the nearest obstetric hospital were conducted. Furthermore, Hot Spot Analysis was employed to identify areas displaying significant spatial clusters of high and low travel distances.
RESULTS
The mean travel distance and time to the nearest obstetric facility was 8.3 miles and 14.1 minutes. The mean travel distance for maternity care deserts and rural counties was 28.1 and 17.3 miles, respectively. While birthing people living in rural maternity care deserts had the highest average travel distance overall (33.4 miles), those living in urban maternity care deserts also experienced inequities in travel distance (25.0 miles). States with hotspots indicating significantly higher travel distances included: Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska. Census tracts where the predominant race is American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) had the highest travel distance and time compared to those of all other predominant races/ethnicities.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study revealed significant disparities in obstetric hospital access, especially affecting birthing individuals in maternity care deserts, rural counties, and communities predominantly composed of AIAN individuals, resulting in extended travel distances and times. To rectify these inequities, sustained investment in the obstetric workforce and implementation of innovative programs are imperative, specifically targeting improved access in maternity care deserts as a priority area within healthcare policy and practice.