bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Sex in the Association of Socioeconomic Status With Cardiovascular Health in Black Americans: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Joseph Joshua J. , Williams Amaris , Azap Rosevine A. , Zhao Songzhu , Brock Guy , Kline David , Odei James B. , Foraker Randi , Sims Mario , Brewer LaPrincess C. , Gray Darrell M. , Nolan Timiya S. 
Published: December 2023

Background
Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with cardiovascular health (CVH). Potential differences by sex in this association remain incompletely understood in Black Americans, where SES disparities are posited to be partially responsible for cardiovascular inequities. The association of SES measures (income, education, occupation, and insurance) with CVH scores was examined in the Jackson Heart Study.

Methods and Results

American Heart Association CVH components (non–high‐density‐lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, diet, tobacco use, physical activity, sleep, glycemia, and body mass index) were scored cross‐sectionally at baseline (scale: 0–100). Differences in CVH and 95% CIs (Estimate, 95% CI) were calculated using linear regression, adjusting for age, sex, and discrimination. Heterogeneity by sex was assessed. Participants had a mean age of 54.8 years (SD 12.6 years), and 65% were women. Lower income, education, occupation (non‐management/professional versus management/professional occupations), and insurance status (uninsured, Medicaid, Veterans Affairs, or Medicare versus private insurance) were associated with lower CVH scores (all
P
<0.01). There was heterogeneity by sex, with greater magnitude of associations of SES measures with CVH in women versus men. The lowest education level (<high school) versus highest (>high school) was associated with 8.8‐point lower (95% CI: −10.2 to −7.3) and 5.4‐point lower (95% CI: −7.2 to −3.6) CVH scores in women and men, respectively (interaction
P
=0.003). The lowest (<25 000) versus highest level of income (≥$75 000) was associated with a greater reduction in CVH scores in women than men (interaction
P
=0.1142).

Conclusions
Among Black Americans, measures of SES were associated with CVH, with a greater magnitude in women compared with men for education and income. Interventions aimed to address CVH through SES should consider the role of sex.
An Agenda for the Study of the Jesus Letter
Authors: Trompf Garry W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The ancient correspondence allegedly between the Toparch Abgar V of Edessa and Jesus of Nazareth is usually treated in modern scholarship as legendary, though possession of it was important for the legitimation of Armenia as the first Christian kingdom in ca. 314 A.D. (prior to Constantine’s ‘Christian’ rule of a united Roman Empire from 324, and well before Theodosius I’s Edict of Thessalonica in 380). This paper attempts to create a demythologized space in which to reconsider the historical probability that Jesus, widely reputed as a healer in the chief (Near Eastern) Jewish centre of influence, was asked for help by an ailing eminent and replied to his request. Along the way, questions will be raised for further research (italicized) and so in this sense the article takes the form of an Agenda.
Horace and the Parthians
Authors: Smykov Evgeniy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to explore the Parthian theme in Horace’s poems throughout its development. First, it delves into the works featuring the ethnonym Parthus, which, unlike the synonymous Medus, notably aligns with the events contemporaneous to the poet. It becomes evident that Horace’s early works reflect the Parthian invasion of 41/40 B.C. and the anxiety surrounding the possibility of a recurrence. However, this apprehension is gradually replaced by verses celebrating victory over the Parthians and their apprehension of Roman power. Ultimately, these poems demonstrate their acknowledgment of Roman authority and the compromise established during the age of Augustus. Horace himself never forgets the threat posed by the Parthians, yet there is no compelling reason to consider him an advocate for a conquest war against their eastern neighbors. He appeared content with the diplomatic compromise that had been achieved.
On the Participation of Armenians in the Mongol Ilkhanate’s Invasion of Syria (1259–1260)
Authors: Hovhannisyan Aram 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study examines the participation of Cilician Armenians in the Mongol Ilkhanate’s Syrian invasions in 1259–1260. Drawing upon data from mediaeval sources and various perspectives in scholarly literature, this paper addresses the following key questions: 1. Where were the troops of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and their allied countries consolidated? 2. To what extent did the troops of the Armenian King Het‘um I join forces with the Mongols? The inquiry also presents the specific details of the capture of Syrian cities and explores the likelihood of Armenian troops’ involvement in these operations. In the final section, the paper delves into the events surrounding the famous Battle of Ain-Jalut and examines the potential participation of Armenians in this pivotal conflict, in which the allies suffered defeat and were subsequently compelled to retreat.
Iranian Lexical Material in the Caucasus
Authors: Gippert Jost 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present article examines the peculiar shape that the Middle Iranian word for ‘praise’, āfrīn, has achieved as a loanword in the language of the Caucasian “Albanians” where it appears as afre- in the complex verb afre-pesown ‘praise, bless’. Based on a thorough investigation of the morphology of formations with the light verb -pesown in Caucasian Albanian, it is proven that a recent proposal, which assumes the influence of an agreement marker, is untenable; instead, it is shown how afre- can have emerged from a metanalysis of afrin as a case form.
The Armenians Themselves Burnt Their Own Houses and Desecrated Their Own Churches
Authors: Ferrari Aldo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Luigi Villari’s book Fire and Sword in the Caucasus, published in London in 1906, is widely quoted by the scholars who study the history of South Caucasus at the time of the first Russian Revolution in 1905. After a short introduction about the interesting figure of this author, the first part of the article will take into consideration Villari’s peculiar attitude toward the Armenians. The larger part of the article will consider his first-hand description of the massacres perpetrated by the Azeris (Tartars) in the region of Nakhichevan. As a matter of fact, Luigi Villari’s testimony of the tragic events of 1905 is more interesting than ever to understand the origins of a contrast that continues—even if in a deeply different situation—to stain with blood the relationship between Armenians and the South Caucasian Turks.
Headscarves at the Crossroads between Plural Narratives: Where is Turkey Moving Toward?
Authors: Madera Adelaide 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In a recent judgement, the ECJ held that a ban on employees wearing visible political, philosophical or religious signs in the workplace does not amount to direct discrimination under EU law. The Turkish government condemned such a ruling, as an expression of European Islamophobia. However, the issue of religious headscarves has been at the center of a harsh decades-long political and legal debate in Turkey, where it has symbolized the clash between tradition and modernity, religious and secular values. In the present article, the tensions underlying the multiple narratives of the Islamic headscarf will be analyzed starting from the polarization between two opposite views: Turkey as a secular State versus Turkey as a theocracy. The article will underline the need for a depolarization of the legal-political conflict between religion and public space, allowing women to build their autonomous understanding of the religious message and to self-define their identities in the public space.
Jan Fokkes Holwarda. A Gassendist in Franeker, Between Intellectual Debt and Plagiarism
Authors: Palmerino Carla Rita 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article explores Gassendi’s influence on the Franeker professor Jan Fokkes Holwarda (1618–1651), author of a posthumously published Philosophia naturalis, seu physica vetus-nova (1651). In the section of the book devoted to celestial physics, Holwarda pays homage to the ‘Gallic Lynx, Pierre Gassendi’ and discusses at length his astronomical observations. Gassendi’s name, by contrast, does not figure in the section on general physics, where Holwarda endorses atomism and the new science of motion. Some scholars suggested a possible influence of Gassendi on Holwarda’s matter theory, while others denied it. As the present article shows, most chapters of the Physica generalis are in fact extensively plagiarized from, or inspired by, Gassendi’s letters De apparente magnitudine solis humilis et sublimis (1642), De motu impresso a motore translato (1642), and the Animadversiones (1649). This dishonest practice conceals, however, a very good grasp of Gassendi’s philosophy. Holwarda manages to integrate the many bits and pieces he steals from Gassendi’s works into a coherent and concise account of the properties and behavior of atoms and compound bodies.
Anatomical and Physiological Changes Following Primary Palatoplasty Using “The Buccal Flap Approach”
Authors: Haenssler Abigail E. , Mann Robert , Gilbert Imani R. , Snodgrass Taylor , Mann Samuel , Kampfshulte Andy , Perry Jamie L. 
Published: December 2023

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomical differences among selected individuals with a cleft palate repaired using “The Buccal Flap Approach” during primary palatoplasty compared to aged-matched participants without cleft palate. Design Observational, prospective. Setting Two regional hospitals. Participants A total of 30 adult males consisting of 15 adults born with cleft palate who received the Double Opposing Z-Plasty plus Buccal Flaps (DOZP  +  BF) repair at the time of primary palatoplasty and no history of secondary speech surgery or orthognathic surgery and 15 adults without a history of cleft palate. Interventions All participants underwent MRI to visualize anatomy. Main Outcome Measures Ten velopharyngeal and craniofacial anatomical measures. Results No statistically significant differences between groups were observed for velar thickness, velar length, pharyngeal depth, NSBa angle, SNB angle, or levator veli palatini length. Individuals with the DOZP  +  BF presented with a greater effective velar length (p < .001), greater effective VP ratio (p < .001), smaller SNA angle (p < .001), and smaller maximal velar stretch (p < .001) compared to the control participants. Conclusions This study suggests that adult males who received the DOZP  +  BF repair at the time of primary palatoplasty and no history of secondary speech surgery or orthognathic surgery present with a longer effective velar length and larger effective VP ratio in comparison to the non-cleft group. Future research is needed to compare patients with and without favorable outcomes from multiple surgical types to fully understand how surgical techniques alter the anatomy.
Ablative 5-Fraction Stereotactic MRI-Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy for Oligometastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Webking Samantha , Sandoval Maria L. , Chuong Michael D. , Ucar Antonio , Aparo Santiago , De Zarraga Fernando , Sahin Ibrahim , Biachi Tiago , Kim Dae W. , Hoffe Sarah E. , Frakes Jessica M. , Palm Russell F. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) carries a poor prognosis and significant morbidity from local tumor progression. We investigated outcomes among oligometastatic PDAC patients treated with stereotactic magnetic resonance image-guided ablative radiotherapy (SMART) to primary disease. Methods We performed a retrospective multi-institutional analysis of oligometastatic PDAC at diagnosis or with metachronous oligoprogression during induction chemotherapy treated with primary tumor SMART. Outcomes of interest included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), freedom from locoregional failure (FFLRF), and freedom from distant failure (FFDF). Acute and late toxicity were reported and in exploratory analyses patients were stratified by the number of metastases, SMART indication, and addition of metastasis-directed therapy. Results From 2019 to 2021, 22 patients with oligometastatic PDAC (range: 1–6 metastases) received SMART to the primary tumor with a median follow-up of 11.2 months from SMART. Nineteen patients had de novo synchronous metastatic disease and three had metachronous oligoprogression. Metastasis location most commonly was liver only (40.9%), multiple organs (27.3%), lungs only (13.6%), or abdominal/pelvic nodes (13.6%). All patients received either FOLFIRINOX (64%) or gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (36%) followed by SMART (median 50 Gy, 5 fractions) for local control (77%), pain control (14%), or local progression (9%). Additionally, 41% of patients received other metastasis-directed treatments. The median OS from diagnosis and SMART was 23.9 months and 11.6 months, respectively. Calculated from SMART, the median PFS was 2.4 months with 91% of patients having distant progression, and 1-year local control was 68. Two patients (9%) experienced grade 3 toxicities, gastric outlet obstruction, and gastrointestinal bleed without grade 4 or 5 toxicity. Conclusion There was minimal morbidity of local disease progression after SMART in this cohort of oligometastatic PDAC. As systemic therapy options improve, additional strategies to identify patients who may derive benefits from local consolidation or metastasis-directed therapy are needed.
Establishment of an NPM1 Mutation Copy Number Estimator for Xpert ® NPM1 Mutation Test
Authors: Liu Mengying(Mona) , Liu Mengying , Liu Yuanyuan , Wei Huilin , Tran Tran , Yuan Lin , Day Gwo-Jen 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The nucleophosmin ( NPM1)is the most mutated gene (~30%) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) 1. Three NPM1 mutations (type A, B, and D) represent ~84% in NPM1-mutated AML cases while other uncommon subtypes occupy ~16% 2. Xpert® NPM1 mutation, an automated cartridge-based test for measuring NPM1 mutation transcript levels (type A, B and D), is standardized to quantify the amount of mutated NPM1 relative to ABL1 control gene based on delta Ct in peripheral blood 3. Since mutated NPM1 level is crucial for risk assessment, medication selection, and ongoing therapeutic monitoring in AML 4,5, it is important to obtain the NPM1 mutation copy number (CN). The aim of this work is to develop NPM1 mutation CN estimator and to compare %NPM1 mutation/ABL1 reporting between delta Ct-based and CN-based methods.
Methods: Five levels of NPM1 mutations (A, B, D) and ABL1 IVT-RNA panels as well as two lots of Xpert® NPM1 mutation tests were used to generate standard curves for CN and %CN reporting. The cell lysates from cell lines carrying either NPM1 mutation A, B, or D and AML clinical samples containing NPM1 mutations were examined to evaluate the CN and %CN between two lots of the Xpert® NPM1 mutation tests and to compare the delta Ct-based and CN-based methods for reporting %NPM1 mutation/ABL.
Results: Linearity was demonstrated in Ct vs CN input for NPM1 mutation and ABL1 with R 2 above 0.96 for Lot1 and Lot2. Less than 3-fold difference was exhibited for CN and %CN across two lots of Xpert® NPM1 mutation test. Less than 3-fold difference was observed in %NPM1 mutation/ABL1 reporting between delta Ct-based and CN-based approaches.
Conclusion: An NPM1 mutation copy number estimator for Xpert® NPM1 mutation test was established, which will provide diagnostic and prognostic values for NPM1-mutated AML patients.
References:
1. Brunangelo Falini, Lorenzo Brunetti, Paolo Sportoletti, Maria Paola Martelli; NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia: from bench to bedside. Blood 2020; 136 (15): 1707-1721.
2. Patkar N, Kodgule R, Kakirde C, Raval G, Bhanshe P, Joshi S, Chaudhary S, Badrinath Y, Ghoghale S, Kadechkar S, Khizer SH, Kannan S, Shetty D, Gokarn A, Punatkar S, Jain H, Bagal B, Menon H, Sengar M, Khattry N, Tembhare P, Subramanian P, Gujral S. Clinical impact of measurable residual disease monitoring by ultradeep next generation sequencing in NPM1 mutated acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget. 2018 Nov 27;9(93):36613-36624. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.26400. Erratum in: Oncotarget. 2019 Jan 15;10(5):617. PMID: 30564301; PMCID: PMC6290958.
3. Xpert® NPM1 mutation brochure.
4. Forghieri, Fabio et al. “Minimal/Measurable Residual Disease Monitoring in NPM1-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Clinical Viewpoint and Perspectives.” International journal of molecular sciences vol. 19,11 3492. 6 Nov. 2018
5. Network NCC. Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Version 2.2023, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Online: NCCN; 2023
Racial Disparities in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome US FDA Drug Approval Trials
Authors: Shahzad Moazzam , Khalid Muhammad Fareed , Butt Atif , Khan Muhammad Haseeb , Amin Muhammad Kashif , Ammad Ud Din Mohammad , Jaglal Michael V. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Young black patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have remarkably worse outcomes than white patients of the same age. Compared to white patients, the death rate of young black patients is fivefold more within 30 days of starting treatment and twofold more within five years. Here we studied the demographic representation of different races in the AML and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) clinical trials that led to drug approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Methods
Data were collected from all the trials submitted to the FDA to support the approval of AML and MDS drugs from 2006 to 2022. A total of 17 trials were screened, and 10 trials that did not mention the race or ethnicity of the participants were excluded. Our analysis included six trials of AML drugs and one trial of MDS drugs. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the NIH quality assessment tool. The inter-study variance was calculated using the Der Simonian-Laird Estimator. Analysis for this study was performed using R version 4.1.2 and R Studio version 1.1.423 (R Project for Statistical Computing).
Results:
Seven FDA trials reported the race or ethnicity of the participants, and a total of 2484 patients from these trials were analyzed. (Table 1) Olutasidenib, glasdegib plus low dose cytarabine, gemtuzumab-ozogamicin, liposome-encapsulated combination of daunorubicin and cytarabine, ivosidenib, and midostaurin were approved for AML. An oral combination of decitabine and cedazuridine was approved for MDS. The median age of the participants was 69.5 years (0.003-94). The median follow-up time was 20.9 months (0-85.2), and 51% (n=1267) of the participants were male and female participants were 49 % (n=1217). The racial analysis of included patients showed 63.4% (n=1574) white, 5.7% (n=141) black, 3.9% (n=97) Asian, 0.2% (n=4) American Indian/Alaska Native, and 0.1% (n=2) Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander while 5.9% (n=147) of the patients belonged to other races. Data about race was not reported for 20.8% (n=519) of the patients. Cortes et al. (2018) reported the highest racial disparity with 97.7% (n=129) white patients and only 0.76% black patients (n=1), while Gamis et al. (2014) reported the highest number of black patients (n=116).
Conclusion:
Despite being affected adversely to a significant degree by AML, black patients are underrepresented in drug trials. More efforts should be made to include them in trials so that better treatment plans can be formulated for this underrepresented group of patients.
Alterations of Gut Microbiota Related with Status of Iron-Overload in Thalassemia Patients: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study
Authors: Trirattanapa Kornkanok , Tantiworawit Adisak , Suparan Kanokphong , Sriwichaiin Sirawit , Kerdpoo Sasiwan , Punnachet Teerachat , Hantrakun Nonthakorn , Hantrakool Sasinee , Piriyakhuntorn Pokpong , Rattanathammethee Thanawat , Chaiadisaksopha Chatree , Ekarat Rattarittamrong Ekarat , Norasetthada Lalita , Chattipakorn Nipon , Chattipakorn Siriporn 
Published: December 2023

Background: Gut dysbiosis can cause an impaired gut-barrier function and may contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Iron overload is a common complication in thalassemia patients and can result in numerous complications, including those affecting the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems. However, it is unclear how iron overload affects the gut microbiota of patients with thalassemia.
Objective: To characterize the profiles of the gut microbiome in thalassemia patients compared with healthy participants, as well as to determine the association of these profiles with iron status.
Method: Transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) patients and healthy controls aged ≥ 18 years old were enrolled in the study. Stool samples were collected prior to receiving regular blood transfusions in the thalassemia group. Paired-end sequencing of 16s rRNA bacterial DNA extracted from each stool sample was performed. Serum ferritin levels were assessed in each participant to reflect iron status.
Results: A total of 14 adult TDT patients and 14 healthy controls were enrolled, with a similar proportion of age and sex. The TDT patients had a significantly higher iron overload status than the controls (median serum ferritin level = 1424 in the TDT group and 197 in the control group; p &lt; 0.001). The Shannon diversity index demonstrated a significant increase in gut microbial diversity in TDT patients as compared to healthy controls (7.06 vs. 6.48; p = 0.001). The TDT group showed a higher abundance of several gram-negative bacterial phyla, such as Bacteroidota, but a reduction in the abundance of Actinobacteriota as compared to the control group. Serum ferritin levels showed a positive correlation with higher gut diversity index.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that TDT patients develop gut dysbiotic characteristics compared to the healthy population, with gut diversity associated with serum ferritin levels. This association suggests that iron overload induces gut dysbiosis.
A 46 Long Non-Coding RNAs Expression Signature Accurately Predicts Relapse and Acts As an Independent Prognostic Factor in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Ren Zhiyao , Vanhooren Jolien , Derpoorter Charlotte , De Moerloose Barbara , Lammens Tim 
Published: December 2023

Risk stratification using cytogenetics, mutations and minimal residual disease (MRD) has allowed to increase the cure rates of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML), reaching now up to 70% in contemporary protocols. Nevertheless, approximately 30% of patients still experience relapse, indicating that there is a need to optimize stratification strategies. Recently, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression has been shown to hold prognostic power in multiple cancer types. Here, we built a 46 relapse-related lncRNAs prognostic signature, named AML lnc46, using 790 pediatric acute myeloid leukemia transcriptomes obtained from the Therapeutically Applicable Research To Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) repository. Bootstrap validation (bootstrap resampling times = 1000) was used for internal validation and showed that the signature performed good in predicting the 1-, 2-, and 3-year relapse-free survival (RFS), with an area under the curve of 0.825, 0.824, and 0.822, respectively. Moreover, external validation using the TARGET repository validated the efficiency of the signature. Most importantly, we demonstrate that AML lnc46 not only is an independent predictor of RFS, but also identifies patients who were assigned a different risk-group by currently-used classification methods. In conclusion, the identified AML lnc46 might, after further prospective validation, provide additional information to guide management of pediatric AML patients.
Figure 1. (A) Kaplan-Meier survival curve of relapse-free survival of high-and-low risk AML lnc46 pediatric AML patients, (B) Univariate and multivariate independent Cox regression analyses of known clinical and molecular characteristics and the AML lnc46 signature.