bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasive fusariosis
Authors: Nucci Marcio , Anaissie Elias 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARY

Invasive fusariosis is a serious invasive fungal disease, affecting immunocompetent and, more frequently, immunocompromised patients. Localized disease is the typical clinical form in immunocompetent patients. Immunocompromised hosts at elevated risk of developing invasive fusariosis are patients with acute leukemia receiving chemotherapeutic regimens for remission induction, and those undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. In this setting, the infection is usually disseminated with positive blood cultures, multiple painful metastatic skin lesions, and lung involvement. Currently available antifungal agents have poor
in vitro
activity against
Fusarium
species, but a clear-cut correlation between
in vitro
activity and clinical effectiveness does not exist. The outcome of invasive fusariosis is largely dependent on the resolution of immunosuppression, especially neutrophil recovery in neutropenic patients.
Factors associated with mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 disease treated with convalescent plasma
Authors: Perichon Armando M. , Acosta Andrea , Di Tulio Liliana , Munuce Maria José , Pezzotto Stella , Bottasso Oscar , Nannini Esteban C. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The use of convalescent plasma (CP) for hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection might be a useful option in certain settings. Soon after the outbreak of COVID-19, the National Ministry of Health of Argentina recommended the use of CP transfusion for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 disease. Between 1 June and 3 October 2020, 480 patients, excluding those on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), received at least one CP infusion in the province of Santa Fe. We aimed to find factors associated with mortality among this cohort of patients. The median age was 60 years (interquartile range: 49–69 years) and 320 (66.7%) were males. Most of these patients (93.75%) received a single CP infusion, 82.1% and 95.6% before day 4 and day 7 of hospitalization, respectively. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 titers were determined in the CP units administered using Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S assay. At 28 days of follow-up, 250 patients were discharged (52.1%), 131 (27.3%) remained hospitalized without and 16 (3.3%) with oxygen requirement, 27 (5.6%) were on IMV, and 56 (11.7%) had died. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the factors significantly associated with 28-day mortality were (i) requirement of IMV, (ii) the administration of CP after the third day of hospitalization, (iii) age, and (iv) number of comorbidities. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the infused CP were not associated with mortality. Our findings may imply a seemingly favorable effect of CP administration among patients with severe COVID-19 disease when infused sooner after hospitalization.

IMPORTANCE
The use of convalescent plasma (CP) could be an option for patients with severe COVID-19, especially in poor-resource countries where direct antiviral drugs are not commercially available. Currently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration limits the CP administration for outpatients and inpatients with COVID-19 who are immunocompromised and only if high levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are confirmed in the CP unit. Although most of the randomized clinical trials failed to show a clear-cut benefit of CP in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19, other studies have shown that if given early in the course of the disease, it might be a useful therapeutic option. In this retrospective study, we demonstrated that early treatment (within 3 days of hospitalization) was significantly associated with reduced 28-day mortality compared with those patients treated beyond day 3. The results from our study add up to the scientific evidence on the use of CP as a relatively safe, cheap, and possibly effective therapy in certain patients suffering from severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Economic impact of metagenomic next-generation sequencing versus traditional bacterial culture for postoperative central nervous system infections using a decision analysis mode: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tian Ying , Gao Ran , Wang Yumei , Zhou Yimin , Xu Shanshan , Duan Yuqing , Lv Wenyi , Wang Shuya , Hou Mengxue , Chen Yuqing , Li Fangqiang , Gao Wei , Zhang Linlin , Zhou Jian-Xin 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Central nervous system infections (CNSIs) are common complications after neurosurgery with a poor prognosis. The traditional microbiological culture methodology has a low detection rate and time consuming. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has demonstrated the advantages of being faster, more accurate, and more comprehensive in clinical microbiology. Previous studies had suggested that mNGS had a high sensitivity in the diagnosis of CNSIs. Whether the application of mNGS has health economic value in clinical applications remains to be studied. We designed a prospective, single-center, superiority randomized controlled trial to compare the cost-effectiveness of mNGS with traditional methods for diagnosing CNSIs using a decision tree model. A total of 204 patients will be enrolled and randomly assigned to either the mNGS group or the traditional method group. The two groups of patients entered different decision points according to different clinical manifestations and examination results. They will be then given treatment decisions by a panel of specialists at the corresponding decision point. The primary outcome is the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, which is the increased cost for every 1% increase in recovery rate. The secondary outcomes are a comparison of time cost, detection cost, and costs associated with antibiotics treatment between the two groups.

IMPORTANCE
Diagnosing and treating postoperative central nervous system infections (PCNSIs) remains challenging due to the low detection rate and time-consuming nature of traditional methods for identifying microorganisms in cerebrospinal fluid. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology provides a rapid and comprehensive understanding of microbial composition in PCNSIs by swiftly sequencing and analyzing the microbial genome. The current study aimed to assess the economic impact of using mNGS versus traditional bacterial culture-directed PCNSIs diagnosis and therapy in post-neurosurgical patients from Beijing Tiantan Hospital. mNGS is a relatively expensive test item, and whether it has the corresponding health-economic significance in the clinical application of diagnosing intracranial infection has not been studied clearly. Therefore, the investigators hope to explore the clinical application value of mNGS detection in PCNSIs after neurosurgery.
Characterizing bacterial and fungal communities along the longitudinal axis of the intestine in cynomolgus monkeys
Authors: Yang Yunpeng , Xu Ning , Yao Linlin , Lu Yong , Gao Changshan , Nie Yanhong , Sun Qiang 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

The gut microbiota develops specialized local communities along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of the host. Among these microbes, intestinal bacteria and fungi interact closely with the host and play vital roles in their health. However, the gut biogeography of bacteria and fungi has rarely been studied simultaneously, and their correlations have not been reported. In this study, we collected the intestinal luminal contents from different gastrointestinal regions (the ileum, caecum, and colon) of wild-type female cynomolgus monkeys and performed 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing to determine the gut biogeography of bacterial and fungal communities. The richness and diversity of bacteria and fungi increased gradually from the small to the large intestine. The bacterial and fungal composition of ileum differed significantly from that of the colon. Specifically, Bacteroidia and Spirochaetia were abundant in the caecum and colon, while Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria were enriched in the ileum. As for fungal taxa, the genera
Aspergillus
,
Wallemia
, and
Cryptococcus_f_Tremellaceae
were enriched in the colon, while the genus
Fusarium
was abundant in the caecum. Consequently, the bacterial and fungal functions of the ileum differed from those of the caecum and colon. Notably, we characterized the correlations between intestinal bacteria and fungi at different gastrointestinal regions of cynomolgus monkeys using Spearman correlation analysis. In summary, our results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the composition and function of intestinal bacteria and fungi in non-human primates (NHPs) and reveal their correlations along the longitudinal axis of the intestine.

IMPORTANCE
Gut microbiota varies along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and exerts profound influences on the host’s physiology, immunity, and nutrition. Given that gut microbes interact with the host closely and the gastrointestinal function differed from the small to the large intestine, it is essential to characterize the gut biogeography of the microbial community. Here, we focused on intestinal bacteria and fungi in cynomolgus monkeys and determined their spatial distribution along the GI tract by performing 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. The composition and function of bacterial and fungal communities differed significantly at different biogeographic sites of the intestine, and the site-specific correlations between intestinal bacteria and fungi were revealed. Thus, our studies characterized the gut biogeography of bacteria and fungi in NHPs and revealed their site-specific correlations along the GI tract.
Supplemental Material: Pleistocene Colorado River terraces in the canyonlands region (Utah, USA) record unsteady, transient incision and growth of the Cataract Canyon knickzone by salt tectonics
Authors: Tanski Natalie M. , al. et 
Published: November 2023

<p>Details on luminescence dating, TCN exposure age, measurement of canyon width, conceptual model of transient incision, and field photos. </p>
Fatal occupational injuries in North Carolina, 1992–2017
Authors: Martin Amelia T , McClure Elizabeth S , Ranapurwala Shabbar I , Nocera Maryalice , Cantrell John , Marshall Stephen W , Richardson David B 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesAfter declining for several decades, fatal occupational injury rates have stagnated in the USA since 2009. To revive advancements in workplace safety, interventions targeting at-risk worker groups must be implemented. Our study aims to identify these at-risk populations by evaluating disparities in unintentional occupational fatalities occurring in North Carolina (NC) from 1992 to 2017.MethodsOur retrospective cohort study drew on both the NC Office of the Chief Medical Examiner system and the NC death certificate data system to identify unintentional fatal occupational injuries occurring from 1992 to 2017. Unintentional fatal occupational injury rates were reported across industries, occupations and demographic groups, and rate ratios were calculated to assess disparities.ResultsAmong those aged 18 and older, 2645 unintentional fatal occupational injuries were identified. Fatal occupational injury rates declined by 0.82 injuries/100 000 person-years over this period, falling consistently from 2004 to 2009 and increasing from 2009 to 2017. Fatal injury rates were highest among Hispanic workers, who experienced 2.75 times the fatal injury rate of non-Hispanic White workers (95% CI 2.42 to 3.11) and self-employed workers, who experienced 1.44 times the fatal injury rate of private workers (95% CI 1.29 to 1.60). We also observed that fatal injury rates increased with age group and were higher among male relative to female workers even after adjustment for differential distributions across occupations.ConclusionsThe decline in unintentional fatal occupational injury rates over this period is encouraging, but the increase in injury rate after 2009 and the large disparities between occupations, industries and demographic groups highlight the need for additional targeted safety interventions.
Factors influencing the kinetics of MSU crystal depletion measured with dual-energy CT in patients with gout
Authors: Laurent Victor , Jauffret Charlotte , Pacaud Aurore , Ducoulombier Vincent , Legrand Julie , Verdun Stéphane , Norberciak Laurène , Budzik Jean-François , Pascart Tristan 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo examine factors influencing the kinetics of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal dissolution measured with dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) during follow-up of patients with gout.MethodsPatients with a diagnosis of gout with baseline knees and feet DECT scans exhibiting MSU crystal volumes ≥0.1 cm3and at least one follow-up DECT were included. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to search for association between change from baseline MSU crystal volume at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months and serum urate (SU) level. Associations between percentage change from the baseline volume of MSU crystal deposits and explanatory variables were assessed using linear mixed models.ResultsSixty-two patients (age 67.3±12.8 years; 53 (85%) males) cumulating 104 follow-up DECT scans were included. Overall, SU target levels (<6.0 and <5.0 mg/dL) were achieved by 48 (77%) and 36 (58%) patients, respectively. There was a good correlation (r=0.66; p<0.0001) observed between SU level and percentage change in MSU crystal volume. The median decrease from baseline MSU crystal volume was greater in patients reaching the <5.0 mg/dL SU target than in those reaching ≥5.0 SU <6.0 mg/dL: −85% (95% CI: −94% to −72%) versus −40% (−57% to −22%; p<0.05) at 12 months. In multivariable analysis, time (in days) with a multilevel coefficient of −0.06 (95% CI: −0.08 to −0.03, p<0.001), hypertension (coefficient: 41.87, 95% CI: 16.38 to 67.18, p<0.01) and SU level <5.0 mg/dL (coefficient: −39.46, 95% CI: −70.93 to −8.34, p=0.02) were the only variables significantly associated with MSU crystal volume change.ConclusionIn patients with DECT-measured MSU crystal deposition, reaching the <5.0 mg/dL SU target provides more extensive and rapid crystal dissolution than reaching the <6.0 mg/dL SU target.
Comments on “Numerical study of the SWKB condition of novel classes of exactly solvable systems”
Authors: Bougie Jonathan , Gangopadhyaya Asim , Rasinariu Constantin 
Published: November 2023

Here, we comment on the paper “Numerical study of the SWKB condition of novel classes of exactly solvable systems.” [Y. Nasuda and N. Sawado, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 36, 2150025 (2021).] We show that it misrepresents our prior work [J. Bougie, A. Gangopadhyaya and C. Rasinariu, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 51, 375202 (2018)], and clarify this misunderstanding.
Association between Dietary Anthocyanidins and Biliary Cancer Risk in 98,458 Participants: Results from a Prospective Study
Authors: Xiang Ling , Wu Dabin , Xu Zhiquan , Tang Yunhao , He Hongmei , Wang Yaxu , Gu Haitao , Peng Linglong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Previous studies have suggested anthocyanidins or anthocyanidin-rich foods and extracts exhibit protective effects against various cancers. However, the relationship between dietary anthocyanidins and the risk of biliary cancer remains uncertain.

Methods:
This study used data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial to investigate the relationship between total anthocyanidins intake and biliary cancer incidence. Cox regression analysis was conducted to estimate HRs and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the incidence of biliary cancer, with adjustments made for confounding factors. A restricted cubic spline model was employed to examine the dose–response relationship. In addition, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate potential interactions and test the model's robustness.

Results:
During 8.9 years and 872,645.3 person-years of follow-up, 95 cases of biliary cancer were observed. The incidence rate of biliary cancer in this study was 11 cases per 100,000 person-years. Using the fully adjusted Cox regression model, the inverse association was observed between total anthocyanidins intake and the risk of biliary cancer (HR Q4 vs..Q1: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29–0.91; Ptrend = 0.043). This association remained significant in sensitivity analyses. A linear dose–response relationship (Pnonlinearity = 0.118) and potential interaction with drinking status (Pinteraction = 0.033) were identified.

Conclusions:
This study provides evidence of an inverse association between total anthocyanidins intake and biliary cancer incidence.

Impact:
Our study found a total anthocyanidin-rich diet was associated with a reduced risk of biliary cancer in Americans ages 55 to 74 years.
Elucidating the Heterogeneity of Immunotherapy Response and Immune-Related Toxicities by Longitudinal ctDNA and Immune Cell Compartment Tracking in Lung Cancer
Authors: Murray Joseph C. , Sivapalan Lavanya , Hummelink Karlijn , Balan Archana , White James R. , Niknafs Noushin , Rhymee Lamia , Pereira Gavin , Rao Nisha , Weksler Benny , Bahary Nathan , Phallen Jillian , Leal Alessandro , Bartlett David L. , Marrone Kristen A. , Naidoo Jarushka , Goel Akul , Levy Benjamin , Rosner Samuel , Hann Christine L. , Scott Susan C. , Feliciano Josephine , Lam Vincent K. , Ettinger David S. , Li Qing Kay , Illei Peter B. , Monkhorst Kim , Scharpf Robert B. , Brahmer Julie R. , Velculescu Victor E. , Zaidi Ali H. , Forde Patrick M. , Anagnostou Valsamo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Although immunotherapy is the mainstay of therapy for advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), robust biomarkers of clinical response are lacking. The heterogeneity of clinical responses together with the limited value of radiographic response assessments to timely and accurately predict therapeutic effect—especially in the setting of stable disease—calls for the development of molecularly informed real-time minimally invasive approaches. In addition to capturing tumor regression, liquid biopsies may be informative in capturing immune-related adverse events (irAE).

Experimental Design:
We investigated longitudinal changes in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with metastatic NSCLC who received immunotherapy-based regimens. Using ctDNA targeted error-correction sequencing together with matched sequencing of white blood cells and tumor tissue, we tracked serial changes in cell-free tumor load (cfTL) and determined molecular response. Peripheral T-cell repertoire dynamics were serially assessed and evaluated together with plasma protein expression profiles.

Results:
Molecular response, defined as complete clearance of cfTL, was significantly associated with progression-free (log-rank P = 0.0003) and overall survival (log-rank P = 0.01) and was particularly informative in capturing differential survival outcomes among patients with radiographically stable disease. For patients who developed irAEs, on-treatment peripheral blood T-cell repertoire reshaping, assessed by significant T-cell receptor (TCR) clonotypic expansions and regressions, was identified on average 5 months prior to clinical diagnosis of an irAE.

Conclusions:
Molecular responses assist with the interpretation of heterogeneous clinical responses, especially for patients with stable disease. Our complementary assessment of the peripheral tumor and immune compartments provides an approach for monitoring of clinical benefits and irAEs during immunotherapy.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Fuels Cardiovascular Inflammation and Aggravates Ischemic Cardiac Injury
Authors: Gao Ling , Zhao Yichao , Wu Haiyan , Lin Xianhua , Guo Fei , Li Jie , Long Yuhang , Zhou Bokang , She Junsen , Zhang Chen , Sheng Jianzhong , Jin Li , Wu Yanting , Huang Hefeng 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Reducing cardiovascular disease burden among women remains challenging. Epidemiologic studies have indicated that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disease in women of reproductive age, is associated with an increased prevalence and extent of coronary artery disease. However, the mechanism through which PCOS affects cardiac health in women remains unclear.

METHODS:
Prenatal anti-Müllerian hormone treatment or peripubertal letrozole infusion was used to establish mouse models of PCOS. RNA sequencing was performed to determine global transcriptomic changes in the hearts of PCOS mice. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect myocardial macrophage accumulation in multiple PCOS models. Parabiosis models, cell-tracking experiments, and in vivo gene silencing approaches were used to explore the mechanisms underlying increased macrophage infiltration in PCOS mouse hearts. Permanent coronary ligation was performed to establish myocardial infarction (MI). Histologic analysis and small-animal imaging modalities (eg, magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography) were performed to evaluate the effects of PCOS on injury after MI. Women with PCOS and control participants (n=200) were recruited to confirm findings observed in animal models.

RESULTS:

Transcriptomic profiling and immunostaining revealed that hearts from PCOS mice were characterized by increased macrophage accumulation. Parabiosis studies revealed that monocyte-derived macrophages were significantly increased in the hearts of PCOS mice because of enhanced circulating Ly6C
+
monocyte supply. Compared with control mice, PCOS mice showed a significant increase in splenic Ly6C
+
monocyte output, associated with elevated hematopoietic progenitors in the spleen and sympathetic tone. Plasma norepinephrine (a sympathetic neurotransmitter) levels and spleen size were consistently increased in women with PCOS when compared with those in control participants, and norepinephrine levels were significantly correlated with circulating CD14
++
CD16
−
monocyte counts. Compared with animals without PCOS, PCOS animals showed significantly exacerbated atherosclerotic plaque development and post-MI cardiac remodeling. Conditional
Vcam1
silencing in PCOS mice significantly suppressed cardiac inflammation and improved cardiac injury after MI.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data documented previously unrecognized mechanisms through which PCOS could affect cardiovascular health in women. PCOS may promote myocardial macrophage accumulation and post-MI cardiac remodeling because of augmented splenic myelopoiesis.
The Population Exchange and Politics in the Historiography of Turkey and Greece
Authors: Lamprou Alexandros 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This is a historiographical essay about the impact of the population exchange on the political sphere in Greece and Turkey. Notwithstanding the asymmetry in the literature produced in the two countries—excessive in Greece and limited in Turkey—there have been two seminal narratives regarding the impact of the exchange on interwar politics. In regard to Greece, the political cleavage between refugees and locals is shown as the basic factor shaping politics. In regard to Turkey, the exodus of the Christian bourgeoisie is seen as a major factor behind the authoritarianism of the interwar regime. Nevertheless, recent research on local communities that specifically explores refugee and exchangee agency in local and regional politics and studies the place of refugees and exchangees in state demographic projects goes beyond the limitations of macro perspectives, qualifying the prevailing theses on the impact of the exchange on politics in both countries.