bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E and M SARS‐CoV‐2 membrane protein expression and enrichment with plant lipid droplets
Authors: Gissot Lionel , Fontaine Florent , Kelemen Zsolt , Dao Ousmane , Bouchez Isabelle , Deruyffelaere Carine , Winkler Michèle , Costa Anais Da , Pierre Fabienne , Meziadi Chouaib , Faure Jean‐Denis , Froissard Marine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPlants are gaining traction as a cost‐effective and scalable platform for producing recombinant proteins. However, expressing integral membrane proteins in plants is challenging due to their hydrophobic nature. In our study, we used transient and stable expression systems in Nicotiana benthamiana and Camelina sativa respectively to express SARS‐CoV‐2 E and M integral proteins, and target them to lipid droplets (LDs). LDs offer an ideal environment for folding hydrophobic proteins and aid in their purification through flotation. We tested various protein fusions with different linkers and tags and used three dimensional structure predictions to assess their effects. E and M mostly localized in the ER in N. benthamiana leaves but E could be targeted to LDs in oil accumulating tobacco when fused with oleosin, a LD integral protein. In Camelina sativa seeds, E and M were however found associated with purified LDs. By enhancing the accumulation of E and M within LDs through oleosin, we enriched these proteins in the purified floating fraction. This strategy provides an alternative approach for efficiently producing and purifying hydrophobic pharmaceuticals and vaccines using plant systems.
Identification of disordered profiles of gut microbiota and functional component in stroke and poststroke epilepsy
Authors: Wei Duncan , Chen Xiaopu , Xu Jing , Yin Yongling , Peng Xiaotang , Li Shunxian , He Wenzhen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsIt is estimated that 11.5% of patients with stroke (STR) were at risk of suffering poststroke epilepsy (PSE) within 5 years. Gut microbiota is shown to affect health in humans by producing metabolites. The association between dysregulation of gut microbiota and STR/PSE remains unclear. The aim of this study was to identify potential gut microbiota and functional component in STR and PSE, which may provide a theoretical foundation for diagnosis and treatment of STR and PSE.MethodsThe fresh stool samples were collected from 19 healthy controls, 27 STR patients, and 20 PSE patients for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Analysis of amplicon sequence variant and community diversity was performed, followed by the identification of dominant species, species differences analysis, diagnostic, and functional analysis of species in STR and PSE.ResultsCommunity diversity was decreased in STR and PSE. Some disordered profiles of gut microbiota in STR and PSE were identified, such as the increase of Enterococcus and the decrease of butyricicoccus in STR, the increase of Escherichia Shigella and Clostridium innocuum‐group and the decrease of Faecalibacterium in PSE, and the decrease of Anaerostipes in both STR and PSE. Moreover, potential diagnostic biomarkers for STR (butyricicoccus), PSE (Faecalibacterium), STR, and PSE (NK4A214_group and Veillonella) were identified. Several significantly dysfunctional components were identified, including l‐tryptophan biosynthesis in STR, fatty acid biosynthesis in PSE, and Stress_Tolerant and anaerobic in both STR and PSE.ConclusionThe disturbed gut microbiota and related dysfunctional components are closely associated with the progression of STR and PSE.
Greater socioenvironmental risk factors and higher chronic pain stage are associated with thinner bilateral temporal lobes
Authors: Antoine Lisa H. , Tanner Jared J. , Mickle Angela M. , Gonzalez Cesar E. , Kusko Daniel A. , Watts Kristen Allen , Rumble Deanna D. , Buchanan Taylor L. , Sims Andrew M. , Staud Roland , Lai Song , Deshpande Hrishikesh , Phillips Brandis , Buford Thomas W. , Aroke Edwin N. , Redden David T. , Fillingim Roger B. , Goodin Burel R. , Sibille Kimberly T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroduction: Previous research indicates ethnic/race group differences in pain and neurodegenerative diseases. Accounting for socioenvironmental factors reduces ethnic/race group differences in clinical and experimental pain. In the current study sample, we previously reported that in individuals with knee pain, ethnic/race group differences were observed in bilateral temporal lobe thickness, areas of the brain associated with risk for Alzheimer's disease, and related dementias. The purpose of the study was to determine if socioenvironmental factors reduce or account for previously observed ethnic/race group differences and explore if a combined effect of socioenvironmental risk and chronic pain severity on temporal lobe cortices is evident.Methods: Consistent with the prior study, the sample was comprised of 147 adults (95 women, 52 men), 45–85 years of age, who self‐identified as non‐Hispanic Black (n = 72) and non‐Hispanic White (n = 75), with knee pain with/at risk for osteoarthritis. Measures included demographics, health history, pain questionnaires, cognitive screening, body mass index, individual‐ and community‐level socioenvironmental factors (education, income, household size, marital and insurance status, and area deprivation index), and brain imaging. We computed a summative socioenvironmental risk index. Results: Regression analyses showed that with the inclusion of socioenvironmental factors, the model was significant (p < .001), and sociodemographic (ethnic/race) group differences were not significant (p = .118). Additionally, findings revealed an additive stress load pattern indicating thinner temporal lobe cortices with greater socioenvironmental risk and chronic pain severity (p = .048).Implications: Although individual socioenvironmental factors were not independent predictors, when collectively combined in models, ethnic/race group differences in bilateral temporal lobe structures were not replicated. Further, combined socioenvironmental risk factors and higher chronic pain severity were associated with thinner bilateral temporal lobes.
Effect of adenosine and cordycepin on recombinant antibody production yields in two different Chinease hamster ovary cell lines
Authors: Jarusintanakorn Salinthip , Rangnoi Kuntalee , Yamabhai Montarop , Mastrobattista Enrico 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of adenosine and its derivative cordycepin on the production yield of a recombinant human monoclonal antibody (adalimumab) in two commonly used Chinese Hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines that have different gene amplification systems, namely CHO‐DHFR− and GS‐CHO knockout (GS‐KO CHO) cells and that were grown in batch culture, with and without glucose feeding. The results showed that adenosine suppressed the cell growth rate and increased the fraction of cells in S phase of the cell cycle for both CHO cell lines. Different concentrations and exposure times of adenosine feeding were tested. The optimal yield of adalimumab production was achieved with the addition of 1 mM adenosine on day 2 after start of the batch culture. Adenosine could significantly improve antibody titers and productivity in both CHO cell lines in cultures without glucose feeding. However, upon glucose feeding, adenosine did not improve antibody titers in CHO‐DHFR− cells but extended culture duration and significantly increased antibody titers in GS‐KO CHO cells. Therefore, adenosine supplementation might be useful for antibody production in GS‐KO CHO cells in medium‐ to large‐scale batches. In case of cordycepin, a derivative of adenosine, CHO‐DHFR− cells required higher concentration of cordycepin than GS‐KO CHO cells around 10 times to display the changes in cell growth and cell cycle. Moreover, cordycepin could significantly increase antibody titers only in CHO‐DHFR− cell cultures without glucose feeding.
Solving boundary value problems in heterogeneous catalysis with orthogonal collocation and arc‐length continuation
Authors: Von‐Held Soares André , Binous Housam , Peixoto Fernando Cunha , Bellagi Ahmed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn important part of the education of chemical engineers involves the design and assessment of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. They pose fundamental phenomena and constitute invaluable industrial processes. Progressing in this field, especially in graduate‐level courses, entails solving nonlinear differential equations systems, which can only be achieved by using efficient and reliable numerical techniques. In this work, we solve nonisothermal one‐dimensional reaction‐diffusion BVP considering convection in the boundary conditions, by applying orthogonal collocation and arc‐length continuation. Particularly, we predict the effectiveness factor as a function of the Thiele modulus for the main three particle geometries: plane slab, cylinder, and sphere. For chemical engineering students, such problems are at the zenith of the discipline, and the results of such calculations can elucidate basic and advanced concepts of mass and heat transfer as well as chemical reaction engineering. Both Chebyshev and shifted Legendre polynomials were used to transform the boundary value problem into a set of algebraic nonlinear equations. In addition, we also compare our findings against the available analytic solutions whenever possible. Codes in Scilab, Matlab®, and Mathematica© were developed for the solution of such problems and are available in the Supporting Information. There are two possible approaches to compute effectiveness factors: (a) integration as per definition versus (b) differentiation and nonlinear system. It is demonstrable that software performance is dependent on the approach, and that the differentiation approach yields better results.
Effects of Acute and Repeated Dose Toxicity Profiling of Chelidonic Acid in Rats: in Silico and in Vivo Evidence
Authors: Khairnar Shraddha I. , Kulkarni Yogesh A. , Murugesan S. , Singh Kavita 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChelidonic acid is a phytoconstituent found in rhizomes of the perennial plant celandine. The current study aims to evaluate the acute and repeated dose oral toxicity study of chelidonic acid as per the OECD guidelines 425 and 407. The pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile of chelidonic acid was predicted using online servers and tools. A single dose of chelidonic acid (2000 mg/kg) was administered to female Wistar rats in an acute toxicity study, and the animals were monitored for 14 days. We studied the toxicity profile of chelidonic acid at 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg doses in Wistar rats for repeated dose toxicity (28 days). Clinical biochemistry, haematological, and urine parameters were estimated. A gross necropsy and histopathology were performed. A single oral dose of chelidonic acid (2000 mg/kg) showed no signs of toxicity or mortality. The Administration of chelidonic acid showed no significant alterations in haematological, biochemical, and urine parameters. The histopathology showed normal structure and architecture in all the vital organs. A gross necropsy of vital organs showed no signs of toxicity. The chelidonic acid was found to be safe at all selected dose levels in the acute and repeated dose toxicity study in rats.
Transformation of Single‐Use Plastics into Lighter Hydrocarbons via an Economical Coal Fly Ash based Zeolite Catalyst
Authors: Hossein Nazarloo Nik , Zabihi Omid , Shirvanimoghaddam Kamyar , Ahmadi Mojtaba , Naebe Minoo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA mixture of zeolite X and A, derived from coal fly ash (CFA), was protonated and utilized as an acid catalyst to decompose single‐use plastics (SUP) waste into lighter hydrocarbons. Low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) was selected as the source of SUP, and this study aimed to investigate the catalytic effects of the protonated CFA‐derived zeolite (H‐XA) as an economical option on the LDPE pyrolysis temperature and output. CFA converted into H‐XA through the conventional alkali fusion, followed by sonication and simplified hydrothermal and protonation processes. The impact of the alkali agent ratio on the resulting product was investigated, and outcomes were evaluated. The product with optimum properties was then selected for investigation in the LDPE pyrolysis studies. Finally, the results were compared with commercial Protonated Zeolite Socony Mobil‐5 (H‐ZSM5) and thermal decomposition without catalysts. Regarding LDPE degradation temperature, H‐XA could lower that by 97 °C compared to thermal degradation, which was almost the same as commercial H‐ZSM5 with 110 °C. The pyrograms obtained through the Pyrolysis‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (Py‐GCMS) analysis indicated the elimination of heavier hydrocarbons in the presence of H‐XA and the product spectra laid in the range of C3 to C9, which was entirely different from the LDPE with hydrocarbons of varying lengths. Moreover, kinetic studies on the LDPE decomposition reactions in this work have revealed that LDPE conversion occurs at a lower activation energy level in the presence of H‐XA, which is comparable to the energy level observed when H‐ZSM5 is used as the catalyst. The synthesis of H‐XA with desirable catalytic activity, such as the ability to lower the LDPE degradation temperature and make lighter hydrocarbons as the pyrolysis output, suggests the great potential of the CFA‐based acid catalyst for use in SUP recycling. This represent a game of waste versus waste within the framework of the circular economy, where the environment is the ultimate winner.
Electrosynthesis of Artificial Peptides and Nucleosides via the Nitromethane–Lithium Perchlorate Electrolyte System: A Review
Authors: Okamoto Kazuhiro , Chiba Kazuhiro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRemarkable advances have recently been achieved in the application of electrochemical methodology in synthetic chemistry area. In the past few decades, various oxidative electrochemical reactions have reportedly been enhanced using a nitromethane–lithium perchlorate electrolyte system. Herein, we summarise our efforts toward the skeletal modification of proline residue and nitrogen‐containing nucleoside analogues (azanucleosides) via electrosynthesis.
Reductive Metallation of Dendralenes and Myrcene Using Dimagnesium(I) Compounds: A Facile Route to Unsaturated Organomagnesium Compounds
Authors: Mullins Jeremy C. , Yuvaraj K. , Sowden Madison J. , Sherburn Michael S. , Jones Cameron 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe two‐electron reduction of 2,3‐dimethylbuta‐1,3‐diene (DMB) with β‐diketiminate and guanidinate substituted dimagnesium(I) compounds has given complexes in which two bidentate amido‐magnesium fragments are bridged through the π‐system of the DMB dianion, viz. [(LMg)2(μ‐DMB)] (L=XylNacnac, [HC(MeCNXyl)2]−, Xyl=2,6‐xylyl; or Priso=[(DipN)2CNPri2]−, Dip=2,6‐diisopropylphenyl). Similar double reductions of [4]dendralene (4dend) have afforded the complexes, [(LMg)2(μ‐4dend)] (L=ArNacnac, Ar=Xyl or mesityl (Mes); or Priso) in which the 4dend dianion is π‐coordinated to the bidentate amido‐magnesium fragments. Treatment of several such complexes with THF leads to Z‐ to E‐isomerization of the dendralene fragment, and formation of purely σ‐bonded Mg−C interactions in the THF coordinated products [{(ArNacnac)(THF)Mg}2(μ‐4dend)] (Ar=Xyl, Mes or Dip). Reaction of myrcene (Myr) with [{(XylNacnac)Mg}2] proceeds via reductive coupling of Myr to give a previously unknown acyclic, branched C20 tetra‐olefin dianion complex [{(XylNacnac)(THF)Mg}2(μ‐Myr)2]. Preliminary reactions of [(LMg)2(μ‐DMB)] with H2 and/or CO yielded a series of products, including novel magnesium hydride compounds, products derived from couplings of CO with the reduced DMB fragment (viz. magnesium dimethylcyclohexadienediolates), and one magnesium cyclopropanetriolate complex from the magnesium(I) induced coupling of DMB with H2 and CO.
Divergent Cascade Ring‐Expansion Reactions of Acryloyl Imides
Authors: Orukotan Will E. , Palate Kleopas Y. , Pogrányi Balázs , Bobinski Philipp , Epton Ryan G. , Duff Lee , Whitwood Adrian C. , Grogan Gideon , Lynam Jason M. , Unsworth William P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMacrocyclic and medium‐sized ring ketones, lactones and lactams can all be made from common acryloyl imide starting materials through divergent, one‐pot cascade ring‐expansion reactions. Following either conjugate addition with an amine or nitromethane, or osmium(VIII)‐catalysed dihydoxylation, rearrangement through a four‐atom ring expansion takes place spontaneously to form the ring expanded products. A second ring expansion can also be performed following a second iteration of imide formation and alkene functionalisation/ring expansion. In the dihydroxylation series, three‐ or four‐atom ring expansion can be performed selectively, depending on whether the reaction is under kinetic or thermodynamic control.
Efficient task scheduling on the cloud using artificial neural network and particle swarm optimization
Authors: Nayak Pritam Kumar , Singh Ravi Shankar , Kushwaha Shweta , Bevara Prasanth Kumar , Kumar Vinod , Medara Rambabu 
Published: November 2023

SummaryA difficult problem in the service‐oriented computing paradigm is improving task scheduler policy or resource provisioning.In order to increase the performance of cloud applications, this article primarily focuses on tasks for resource mapping policy optimization. With the aim of reducing makespan and execution overhead and increasing the average resource utilization, we suggested an efficient independent task scheduler employing supervised neural networks in this paper. The suggested ANN‐based scheduler uses the status of the cloud environment and incoming tasks as inputs to determine the optimal computing resource for a given assignment as a result that assembles our goal. We proposed a novel algorithm in this paper that uses a hybrid methodology based on a swarm intelligence algorithm (PSO) in combination with a machine learning technique (ANN). PSO is used to prepare the train and test dataset for the neural network. Results clearly state that suggested work achieves significant improvement to considered algorithms in makespan (45%–55%), average VM utilization (15%–20%), and execution overhead(20%–30%).
Distribution grid reconfiguration sensitive to transmission cost allocation
Authors: Nicoletti Felipe , Sperandio Mauricio , Machado Santos Moises , Benetti Marcelo A. , Kommers Gabriel , Zanghi Eric 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe reconfiguration of electrical distribution systems has been addressed in numerous scientific studies. Thus, several techniques and models are considered, especially to reduce electrical losses and improve the voltage profile. However, it is clear that even with the increase in research, which has been accentuated since the last decade, the locational pricing and the transmission costs allocation is little explored. In this regard, the proposed method is a distribution system reconfiguration (DSR) optimization problem focused on minimizing the use of the transmission system. In order to validate the meta‐heuristic employed for the DSR, the IEEE 33 and 69 node test systems are used as a proof of concept. In addition, case studies with four substations, three different transmission cost allocation techniques, and transmission system capacity scenarios are analyzed. Numerical results showed an important transmission expansion deferral with consequent decrease in overall costs compared to the classic DSR. The transmission network use of system (TNUoS) charges can play a crucial role in reducing the total cost of the electrical system, promoting distributors to change their feeder patterns so that a larger share of loads access substations with lower charges.
Antibodies internalization mechanisms by dendritic cells and their role in therapeutic antibody immunogenicity
Authors: Lteif Maria , Pallardy Marc , Turbica Isabelle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInternalization and processing by antigen‐presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) are critical steps for initiating a T‐cell response to therapeutic antibodies. Consequences are the production of neutralizing antidrug antibodies altering the clinical response, the presence of immune complexes, and, in some rare cases, hypersensitivity reactions. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the knowledge of cellular uptake mechanisms of antibodies in DCs. The uptake of antibodies could be directly related to their immunogenicity by regulating the quantity of materials entering the DCs in relation to antibody structure. Here, we summarize the latest insights into cellular uptake mechanisms and pathways in DCs. We highlight the approaches to study endocytosis, the impact of endocytosis routes on T‐cell response, and discuss the link between how DCs internalize therapeutic antibodies and the potential mechanisms that could give rise to immunogenicity. Understanding these processes could help in developing assays to evaluate the immunogenicity potential of biotherapeutics.
Characterization of white chocolate enriched with co‐encapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus (La‐5) and rose hip shell fruit extract: Characterization, probiotic viability during storage, and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Authors: Didar Zohreh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis research focused on the production of a new kind of probiotic chocolate containing co‐encapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus (La‐5) bacteria and rose hip shell fruit extract. Several properties of chocolate samples, including rheological, textural, thermal properties, particle size distribution, color indices, total phenolic and anthocyanin magnitude, antioxidant potential, and Raman spectroscopy were performed. The prepared white chocolates were assessed for the survival of the probiotic cell and the stability of anthocyanins and phenolic components in different storage times (until 90 days) and different storage temperatures (at 4 and 25°C). Observations imply that both temperature and duration of storage had an impact on the extent of survival of probiotics as well as stability of total phenolic content (TPC) and anthocyanin content (p < .05). During in vitro gastrointestinal circumstances, the extent of survival of L. acidophilus, in two chocolate matrixes, was assessed. At the end of gastric and intestinal condition, the log of viable cells was 7 and 6, respectively. The magnitude of the bioaccessibility of anthocyanin and phenolic components was 81% and 78%, respectively. Sensory evaluation affirmed that there was no remarkable variation between samples in terms of overall acceptance.
A Solar to Chemical Strategy: Green Hydrogen as a Means, Not an End
Authors: Diab Gabriel A. A. , da Silva Marcos A. R. , Rocha Guilherme F. S. R. , Noleto Luis F. G. , Rogolino Andrea , de Mesquita João P. , Jiménez‐Calvo Pablo , Teixeira Ivo F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGreen hydrogen is the key to the chemical industry achieving net zero emissions. The chemical industry is responsible for almost 2% of all CO2 emissions, with half of it coming from the production of simple commodity chemicals, such as NH3, H2O2, methanol, and aniline. Despite electrolysis driven by renewable power sources emerging as the most promising way to supply all the green hydrogen required in the production chain of these chemicals, in this review, it is worth noting that the photocatalytic route may be underestimated and can hold a bright future for this topic. In fact, the production of H2 by photocatalysis still faces important challenges in terms of activity, engineering, and economic feasibility. However, photocatalytic systems can be tailored to directly convert sunlight and water (or other renewable proton sources) directly into chemicals, enabling a solar‐to‐chemical strategy. Here, a series of recent examples are presented, demonstrating that photocatalysis can be successfully employed to produce the most important commodity chemicals, especially on NH3, H2O2, and chemicals produced by reduction reactions. The replacement of fossil‐derived H2 in the synthesis of these chemicals can be disruptive, essentially safeguarding the transition of the chemical industry to a low‐carbon economy.