bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota Parabacteroides distasonis enchances the efficacy of immunotherapy for bladder cancer by activating anti-tumor immune responses
Authors: Wang benlin , Qiu Yifeng , Xie Ming , Huang Pengcheng , Yu Yao , Sun Qi , Shangguan Wentai , Li Weijia , Zhu Zhangrui , Xue Jingwen , Feng Zhengyuan , Zhu Yuexuan , Yang Qishen , Wu Peng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: Bladder cancer(BC) is a disease that seriously affects patients’ quality of life and prognosis. To address this issue, many research suggest that the gut microbiota modulates tumor response to treatment; however, this has not been well-characterized in bladder cancer. In this study, our objective was to determine whether the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota or the density of specific bacterial genera influence the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer.
Methods: We collected fecal samples from a total of 50 bladder cancer patients and 22 matched non-cancer individuals for 16S rDNA sequencing to investigate the distribution of Parabacteroides in these two groups. Further we conducted follow-up with cancer patients to access the impact of different genera of microorganisms on patients survival. We conducted a Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) and mono-colonization experiment with Parabacteroides distasonis(P. distasonis) to explore its potential enhancement of the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in MB49 tumor-bearing mice. Immunohistochemistry, transcriptomics and molecular experiment analyses were employed to uncover the underlying mechanisms.
Results: The 16S rDNA showed that abundance of the genus Parabacteroides was elevated in the non-cancer control group compared to bladder cancer group. The results of tumor growth curves showed that a combination therapy of P. distasonis and ICIs treatment significantly delays tumor growth, and increases the intratumoral densities of both CD4+T and CD8+T cells. The results of transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the pathways associated with antitumoral immune response were remarkably upregulated in the P. distasonis gavage group.
Conclusion: P. distasonis delivery combined with α-PD-1 mAb may be a new strategy to enhance the effect of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. This effect may be achieved by activating immune and antitumor related pathways.
AcornHRD: an HRD algorithm highly associated with anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer in China
Authors: Pan Jia-Ni , Li Pu-Chun , Wang Meng , Li Ming-Wei , Ding Xiao-Wen , Zhou Tao , Wang Hui-Na , Wang Yun-Kai , Chen Li-Bin , Wang Rong , Ye Wei-Wu , Wu Wei-Zhu , Lou Feng , Wang Xiao-Jia , Cao Wen-Ming 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose: Our study aimed to develop and validate a homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) scoring algorithm in the Chinese breast cancer population.
Methods and materials: Ninety-six in-house breast cancer (BC) samples and 6 HRD-positive standard cells were analyzed by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Besides, 122 BCs from the TCGA database were down-sampled to ~1X WGS. We constructed an algorithm named AcornHRD for HRD score calculated based on WGS at low coverage as input data to estimate large-scale copy number alteration (LCNA) events on the genome. A clinical cohort of 50 BCs (15 cases carrying BRCA mutation) was used to assess the association between HRD status and anthracyclines-based neoadjuvant treatment outcomes.
Results: A 100kb window was defined as the optimal size using 41 in-house cases and the TCGA dataset. HRD score high threshold was determined as HRD score≥10 using 55 in-house BCs with BRCA mutation to achieve a 95% BRCA-positive agreement rate. Furthermore, the HRD status agreement rate of AcornHRD is 100%, while the ShallowHRD is 60% in standard cells. BRCA mutation was significantly associated with a high HRD score evaluated by AcornHRD and ShallowHRD (p=0.008 and p=0.003, respectively) in the TCGA dataset. However, AcornHRD showed a higher positive agreement rate than did the ShallowHRD algorithm (70% vs 60%). In addition, the BRCA-positive agreement rate of AcornHRD was superior to that of ShallowHRD (87% vs 13%) in the clinical cohort. Importantly, the high HRD score assessed by AcornHRD was significantly correlated with a residual cancer burden score of 0 or 1 (RCB0/1). Besides, the HRD-positive group was more likely to respond to anthracycline-based chemotherapy than the HRD-negative group (pCR [OR=9.5, 95% CI: 1.11–81.5, p=0.040] and RCB0/1 [OR=10.29, 95% CI: 2.02–52.36, p=0.005]).
Conclusion:
Using the AcornHRD algorithm evaluation, our analysis demonstrated the high performance of the LCNA genomic signature for HRD detection in breast cancers.
The use of scanning electron microscopy and fixation methods to evaluate the interaction of blood with the surfaces of medical devices
Authors: Nalezinková Martina , Loskot Jan , Fučíková Alena Myslivcová 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Testing the hemocompatibility of medical devices after their interaction with blood entails the need to evaluate the activation of blood elements and the degree of their coagulation and adhesion to the device surface. One possible way to achieve this is to use scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The aim was to develop a novel SEM-based method to assess the thrombogenic potential of medical devices and their adhesiveness to blood cells. As a part of this task, also find a convenient procedure of efficient and non-destructive sample fixation for SEM while reducing the use of highly toxic substances and shortening the fixation time. A polymeric surgical mesh was exposed to blood so that blood elements adhered to its surface. Such prepared samples were then chemically fixed for a subsequent SEM measurement; a number of fixation procedures were tested to find the optimal one. The fixation results were evaluated from SEM images, and the degree of blood elements’ adhesion was determined from the images using ImageJ software. The best fixation was achieved with the May-Grünwald solution, which is less toxic than chemicals traditionally used. Moreover, manipulation with highly toxic osmium tetroxide can be avoided in the proposed procedure. A convenient methodology for SEM image analysis has been developed too, enabling to quantitatively evaluate the interaction of blood with the surfaces of various medical devices. Our method replaces the subjective assessment of surface coverage with a better-defined procedure, thus offering more precise and reliable results.
Variational Quantum Search with Shallow Depth for Unstructured Database Search
Authors: Zhan Junpeng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With the advent of powerful quantum computers, the quest for more efficient quantum algorithms becomes crucial in attaining quantum supremacy over classical counterparts in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era. While Grover's search algorithm and its generalization, quantum amplitude amplification, offer quadratic speedup in solving various important scientific problems, their exponential time complexity limits scalability as the quantum circuit depths grow exponentially with the number of qubits. To overcome this challenge, we propose Variational Quantum Search (VQS), a novel algorithm based on variational quantum algorithms and parameterized quantum circuits. We show that a depth-10 Ansatz can amplify the total probability of k (k ≥ 1) good elements, out of 2n elements represented by n + 1 qubits, from k/2n to nearly 1, as verified for n up to 26, and that the maximum depth of quantum circuits in the VQS increases linearly with the number of qubits. Our experimental results have validated the efficacy of VQS and its exponential advantage over Grover's algorithm in circuit depth for up to 26 qubits. We demonstrate that a depth-56 circuit in VQS can replace a depth-270,989 circuit in Grover's algorithm. Envisioning its potential, VQS holds promise to accelerate solutions to critical problems.
Factors affecting pathological myopia and its prevalence among primary school children in Hawassa town, southern Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Alemie Bersufekad Wubie , worku Endalew Mulugeta , Kite Ephrem Addisu , girum Mikael Gebresellasse , ayelign yared 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Pathological myopia is a serious and major challenging public health concern that needs our attention due to increased prevalence and it is an important cause of correctable visual impairment and preventable blindness worldwide. The highest prevalence of pathological myopia is seen in younger people, particularly in urbanized East and Southeast Asian countries in the last 50–60 years and it is highly associated with different factors that can easily be modifiable to decrease or control the progression of myopia.
Purpose
estimate the prevalence and identify associated factors of pathological myopia among primary school children in Hawassa town, southern Ethiopia 2023.
Method
The study was conducted in Hawassa Ethiopia, the total sample size was 806 children, a school-based cross-sectional study design was used, the sampling technique used to select the study participants was through simple random sampling methods, Data collection tools were Pre-tasted questionnaires, and ophthalmic refraction set both wet and dry retinoscopy, then the data was entered to SPSS version 16 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were calculated for selected variables. Binary and multivariable logistic regression will be used to identify factors associated with pathological myopia. Finally, the result will be presented in a table.
Result
A total of 806 students were included, and they had an age range of 6–16 years, The prevalence of pathological myopia was 1.9%. Family history of myopia, school being private, shorter time for outdoor activities, using visual display units, shorter near working distance, a longer time for near work, and age range of 11–16 were found to be independently associated with pathological myopia.
Mapping refugee populations at high-resolution by unlocking humanitarian administrative data
Authors: Darin Edith , Dicko Ahmadou Hamady , Galal Hisham , Jimenez Rebeca Moreno , Park Hyunju , Tatem Andrew J. , Qader Sarchil 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Informing local decision-making, improving service delivery, and designing household surveys requires having access to high spatial resolution mapping of the targeted population. However, this detailed spatial information remains unavailable for specific population subgroups, such as refugees, a vulnerable group that would significantly benefit from focused interventions. Given the continuous increase in the number of refugees, reaching an all-time high of 35.3 million people in 2022, it is imperative to develop models that can accurately inform about their spatial locations, enabling better and more tailored assistance.
Methods
We leverage routinely collected registration data on refugees and combine it with high-resolution population maps, satellite imagery derived settlement maps and other spatial covariates to disaggregate observed refugee totals into 100m grid cells. We suggest a deterministic grid cell allocation inside monitored refugee sites based on building count and a random-forest derived grid cell allocation outside refugee sites based on geolocating the textual geographic information in the refugee register and on high-resolution population mapping. We test the method in Cameroon using the registration database monitored by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
Results
Using OpenStreetMap, 83% of the manually inputted information in the registration database could be geolocated. The building footprint layer derived from satellite imagery by Ecopia AI offers extensive coverage within monitored refugee sites, although manual digitization was still required in rapidly evolving settings. The high-resolution mapping of refugees on a 100m grid basis provides an unparalleled level of spatial detail, enabling valuable geospatial insights for informed local decision-making.
Conclusions
Gathering information on forcibly displaced persons in sparse data-setting environment can quickly become very costly. Therefore, it is critical to gain the most knowledge from operational data that is frequently collected, such as registration databases. Integrating it with ancillary information derived from satellite imagery paves the way for obtaining more timely and spatially precise information to better deliver services and enhance sampling frame for target data collection exercises that further improves the quality of information on people in need.
Association of Systemic Immune-inflammation Index and Systemic Inflammation Response Index with Chronic Kidney Disease: Observational Study of 40,937 Adults
Authors: Huang Peixian , Mai Yanpei , Zhao Jun , Yi Yushan , Wen Yaqing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to immunity and inflammation. SII and SIRI are novel measures for gauging an individual's systemic inflammatory activity. We aim to investigate the potential associations between them.
Methods
This study encompassed a cohort of 40,937 adults. Logistic regression models assessed the association of SII and SIRI levels with CKD prevalence. Cox regression models were utilized to estimate the risk of death.
Results
6986 participants with CKD were recorded, and 2818 patients died during a mean follow-up time of 100 months. After adjusting for all covariates, higher levels of SII, SIRI increased the CKD incidence [ORQuartile4 (95% CI): 1.545 (1.422–1.679); 1.756 (1.610–1.916), respectively] compared with the low-level reference group (Ptrend < 0.05). The high levels of SII significantly increased all-cause, cardiovascular, and hypertension mortality in patients [HRQuartile4 (95% CI): 1.277 (1.145–1.426); 1.467 (1.197–1.798); 1.715 (1.320–2.228), respectively] (Ptrend < 0.001). Additionally, there existed noteworthy positive associations in SIRI [1.679 (1.480–1.906); 2.159 (1.706–2.732); 2.411 (1.802–3.227), respectively] (Ptrend < 0.001). Subgroup analyses unveiled variations in these effects among different populations.
Conclusion
There existed a substantial association of SII and SIRI levels with CKD prevalence in the general populace, as well as mortality in patients with CKD.
Synchronization of Two Indirectly Coupled Singly Resonant Optical Parametric Oscillators
Authors: Mahmoud M. S , Medhat M. , El-Nashar Hassan F. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

We analyse a system of a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator for a second order nonlinear material. First, we show that the dynamics of the resonating cavity signal mode can be expressed by a Stuart-Landau oscillator, for a certain pumping powers close to the threshold. Second, we couple two optical parametric oscillators indirectly via a cold resonator. When the condition of a weak coupling is satisfied, the limit-cycle of each oscillator is unaltered, and the system is described by a coupled phase oscillator model (Kuramoto model), where a frequency synchronization of the two oscillators occurs at a critical coupling constant.
Human reasoning on social interactions in naturalistic context: insights from the theory of mind brain circuits.
Authors: Isernia Sara , Pirastru Alice , Rossetto Federica , Cacciatore Diego M. , Cazzoli Marta , Blasi Valeria , Baksh R. Asaad , MacPherson Sarah E. , Baglio Francesca 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The relationship between neural social cognition patterns and performance on social cognition tasks in daily life is a topic of debate, with key consideration given to the extent to which theory of mind (ToM) brain circuits share properties reflecting the naturalistic context. To test implicit and explicit mentalizing in naturalistic context, we used an experimental fMRI paradigm that provided brain activation within the ToM brain circuits. We conducted the experiment on 42 adults and found that only explicit mentalizing, which involved silent viewing and two-choice answers, elicited activation of ToM neural circuits when animations of everyday social interactions were presented. We also observed that the nature of ToM reasoning, i.e., affective or cognitive, played a significant role in activating different neural circuits. By considering the condition (implicit vs explicit) and nature (affective vs cognitive) of social interactions in naturalistic context, we can understand the similarities and differences across ToM brain circuits during social interactions.
Overexpression of CTBP1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and Stemness in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Wang Jinyu , Huang Yuzhen , Tian Chenfan , Zheng Yunfeng , Kong Wei , Jiang Peng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers in the female reproductive system, exhibiting a continuous rise in incidence. This study investigated the role of C-terminal binding protein1 (CtBP1) in EC, our research found that CtBP1 was upregulated in endometrial cancer tissues and was associated with poor prognosis in patients. Decreasing CtBP1 levels inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration while promoting apoptosis. Conversely, overexpressing CtBP1 produces contrary effects. In animal models, suppressing CtBP1 significantly impedes the tumorigenicity of EC cells. Furthermore, CtBP1 expression was found to be elevated in endometrial cancer stem cells (ECSCs), and its expression correlated positively with the strength of cancer stemness of EC. We also observed that CtBP1 did not affect TCF4 expression in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway but interacted with TCF-4 at the protein level. This study highlighted the significant role of CtBP1 in proliferation, migration, invasion of endometrial cancer, and maintenance of endometrial cancer stemness, potentially providing a new therapeutic target for the treatment of endometrial cancer.
The Effect of Customer Relationship Management on Market Performance: a Mediating Model
Authors: Tekle kiflu chekole 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of customer relationship management (CRM) on market performance. Customer satisfaction was adopted as a mediator in the relationship between CRM and market performance. In volatile markets, a company's reputation is heavily reliant on customer satisfaction. Therefore, the current study is conducted in the case of five-star hotels in Addis Abeba. The researcher sampled 270 respondents and used primary and secondary data for data collection. The findings of the study revealed that customer satisfaction plays a crucial mediating role in the connection between customer relationships and market performance. When customers are satisfied with their hotel experience, it increases their loyalty to the establishment. This loyalty, in turn, positively influences the hotel's market performance. This research aims to contribute to the existing literature by identifying the mediating effect of customer satisfaction between customer relationship management and market performance in a selected five-star hotel in Addis Ababa. These findings of the study highlight the importance of focusing on customer satisfaction, as it acts as a key driver in shaping the overall market performance of a hotel.
Comprehensive genomic analysis of Burkholderia arboris PN-1 reveals its biocontrol potential against Fusarium solani induced root rot in Panax notoginseng
Authors: Yang Yun , Wang Haoji , Tu Jielei , Li Yan , Guan Huilin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. Chen, a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, faces significant yield and quality challenges stemming from root rot primarily caused by Fusarium solani. Burkholderia arboris PN-1, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of P. notoginseng, demonstrated a remarkable ability to inhibit the growth of F. solani. This study integrates phenotypic, phylogenetic, and genomic analyses to enhance our understanding of the biocontrol mechanisms employed by B. arboris PN-1. Phenotype analysis reveals that B. arboris PN-1 effectively suppresses P. notoginseng root rot both in vitro and in vivo. The genome of B. arboris PN-1 comprises three circular chromosomes (contig 1: 3,651,544 bp, contig 2: 1,355,460 bp, and contig 3: 3,471,056 bp), with a 66.81% GC content, housing 7,550 protein-coding genes. Notably, no plasmids were detected. Phylogenetic analysis places PN-1 in close relation to B. arboris AU14372, B. arboris LMG24066, and B. arboris MEC_B345. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) values confirm the PN-1 classification as B. arboris. Comparative analysis with seven other B. arboris strains identified 4,628 core genes in B. arboris PN-1. The pan-genome of B. arboris appears open but may approach closure. Whole genome sequencing revealed 265 carbohydrate-active enzymes and identified 9 gene clusters encoding secondary metabolites. This comprehensive investigation enhances our understanding of B. arboris genomes, paving the way for their potential as effective biocontrol agents against fungal plant pathogens in the future.
Benchmarking ‘adequate professionalism’ during undergraduate medical education
Authors: Goodwin Alexandra M , Oliver Scott W 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Medical professionalism may be defined operationally as an amalgamation of behaviours, attributes and adherence to standards. Assessing professionalism is notoriously difficult, in part due to its broad and contextual nature, but also ambiguity around expectations of students within a given scenario. This study seeks to provide granular detail about what constitutes ‘adequate professionalism’ at defined milestones of undergraduate medical education in the opinion of students and teaching faculty at UK medical schools.
Methods
Fifteen key professionalism themes were identified from published medical regulator guidance. Four behavioural descriptors were written for each theme, using the lens of Miller’s Pyramid to describe how a medical student might progress from ‘novice’ to ‘proficient’ across four defined milestones of their undergraduate medical school career. Using an online survey, students and teaching faculty at UK medical schools were invited to provide their opinion as to what constituted ‘adequate professionalism’ at each milestone with respect to each theme.
Results
Eight medical schools participated in the study. A total of 112 responses were received from 74 (66.1%) medical students and 38 (33.9%) faculty members. The data mapped students’ journeys from ‘novice’ to ‘proficient’ as they transited the respective milestones of entering medical school, first patient contact, regular patient contact, and graduation. Student and faculty respondents broadly agreed about what defined ‘adequate professionalism’ at each milestone. However, faculty expressed higher expectations than students in one theme, while students had higher expectations than faculty for at least one milestone across 10 themes. In some themes, students were expected to perform above the ‘most novice’ descriptor at the first milestone. In other themes students were not expected to reach the ‘most proficient’ descriptor by the final milestone.
Conclusions
This study has benchmarked ‘adequate professionalism’ for medical students at defined milestones in the undergraduate medical curriculum. This enables more detailed professionalism assessments during undergraduate studies. A number of further research questions are posed.