bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tenascin-C as a potential marker for immunohistopathology of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Nishikawa Tatsuya , Shiba Mikio , Ikeda Yoshihiko , Ohta-Ogo Keiko , Kondo Takumi , Tabata Tomoka , Oka Toru , Shioyama Wataru , Yamamoto Hironori , Yasui Taku , Higuchi Yoshiharu , Ishibashi-Ueda Hatsue , Honma Keiichiro , Izumi Chisato , Higo Shuichiro , Hatakeyama Kinta , Sakata Yasushi , Fujita Masashi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aims
Doxorubicin is used in classical chemotherapy for several cancer types. Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DOX-CM) is a critical issue among cancer patients. However, differentiating the diagnosis of DOX-CM from that of other cardiomyopathies is difficult. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine novel histopathological characteristics to diagnose DOX-CM.

Methods and results
Twelve consecutive patients with DOX-CM who underwent cardiac histopathological examination in two medical centres were included. Twelve patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, who were matched with DOX-CM patients in terms of age, sex, and left ventricular ejection fraction, formed the control group. Another control group comprised five consecutive patients with cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction induced by tyrosine kinase inhibitors or vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors were the controls. The positive area of tenascin-C, number of infiltrating macrophages, and presence of p62- and ubiquitin-positive cardiomyocytes were evaluated. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) were used for in vitro investigation. The myocardium exhibited significantly greater tenascin-C-positive area and macrophage number in the DOX-CM group than in the control groups (P &lt; 0.01). The tenascin-C-positive area correlated with the number of both CD68- and CD163-positive cells (r = 0.748 and r = 0.656, respectively). Immunostaining for p62 was positive in 10 (83%) patients with DOX-CM. Furthermore, western blotting analysis revealed significant increase in tenascin-C levels in hiPSC-CMs upon doxorubicin treatment (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
The combined histopathological assessment for tenascin-C, macrophages, and p62/ubiquitin may serve as a novel tool for the diagnosis of DOX-CM. Doxorubicin may directly affect the expression of tenascin-C in the myocardium.
Risk of dementia and psychiatric or sleep disorders after diagnosis of adrenal adenomas: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Li Dingfeng , Singh Sumitabh , Zhang Catherine D , Kaur Ravinder Jeet , Ebbehoj Andreas , Atkinson Elizabeth J , Achenbach Sara J , Stricker Nikki H , Mielke Michelle M , Rocca Walter , Bancos Irina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Adrenal adenomas are commonly encountered in clinical practice. To date, population-based data on their impact on cognition, mental health, and sleep are lacking. We aimed to study possible associations between adrenal adenomas and dementia, psychiatric or sleep disorders.

Design
Population-based cohort study, Olmsted County, MN, 1995-2017.

Methods
Patients with adrenal adenoma and absent overt hormone excess were age- and sex-matched 1:1 to a referent person without adrenal adenoma. Outcomes were baseline and incident diagnoses of dementia, psychiatric or sleep disorders, assessed using ICD codes.

Results
Of 1004 patients with adrenal adenomas, 582 (58%) were women, and median age at diagnosis was 63 years. At baseline, and after adjusting for age, sex, education, BMI, and tobacco use, patients with adenoma had higher odds of depression (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 1.3, 95% CI, 1.1-1.6), anxiety (aOR: 1.4, 95% CI, 1.1-1.8), and substance abuse (aOR: 2.4, 95% CI, 1.7-3.4) compared to referents. During a median follow-up of 6.8 years, and after adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status, BMI, tobacco, and substance abuse, patients demonstrated a higher risk of psychiatric and sleep disorders [adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)]: depression [1.7 (1.3-2.2)], anxiety [1.4, CI (1.1-1.7)], insomnia [1.4 (1.0-1.9)], sleep-related breathing disorders [1.5 (1.1-1.9)], hypersomnias [2.1 (1.0-4.2)], parasomnias [2.1 (1.0-4.2)], and sleep-related movement disorders [1.5 (1.0-2.1)], but not dementia.

Conclusions
Patients with adenomas demonstrate a higher incidence of psychiatric and sleep disorders, possibly due to the underlying subtle increase in cortisol secretion.
Focus on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-related Intestinal Inflammation: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutical Approach
Authors: Del Gaudio Angelo , Di Vincenzo Federica , Petito Valentina , Giustiniani Maria Cristina , Gasbarrini Antonio , Scaldaferri Franco , Lopetuso Loris Riccardo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recently, antitumor immunotherapies have witnessed a breakthrough with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors. Unfortunately, the use of ICIs has also led to the advent of a novel class of adverse events that differ from those of classic chemotherapeutics and are more reminiscent of autoimmune diseases, the immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). Herein, we performed an insight of the main IRAEs associated with ICIs, focusing on gastroenterological IRAEs and specifically on checkpoint inhibitor colitis, which represents the most widely reported IRAE to date. We comprehensively dissected the current evidence regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of ICIs-induced colitis, touching upon also on innovative therapies.
A Dynamic Model for Estimating the Retention Duration of Neutralizing Antibody Titers After Vaccination in a COVID-19 Convalescent Population
Authors: Hsu Fang-Chi , Pan Li-Chern , Huang Yen-Fang , Yang Chin-Hui , Shiu Ming-Neng , Lin Hsiu-Ju 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We measured neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a cohort of 235 convalescent patients (representing 384 analytic samples). They were followed for up to 588 days after the first report of onset in Taiwan. A proposed Bayesian approach was used to estimate nAb dynamics in patients postvaccination. This model revealed that the titer reached its peak (1819.70 IU/mL) by 161 days postvaccination and decreased to 154.18 IU/mL by day 360. Thus, the nAb titers declined in 6 months after vaccination. Protection, against variant B.1.1.529 (ie, Omicron) may only occur during the peak period.
Optimal coordination between photosynthetic acclimation strategy and canopy architecture in two contrasting cucumber cultivars
Authors: Pao Yi-Chen , Stützel Hartmut , Chen Tsu-Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCrop varieties differing in architectural characteristics (AC) vary in their intra-canopy light distribution. To optimize canopy photosynthesis, we hypothesize that varieties with contrasting AC possess different photosynthetic acclimation strategy (PAS) with respect to photosynthetic nitrogen (Np) partitioning. We firstly used in silico experiments to test this hypothesis and suggested a trade-off in Np partitioning between carboxylation and light harvesting to achieve optimal coordination between PAS, AC and growing light environment. Then, two cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars, Aramon and SC-50, which were bred under greenhouse vertical single-stem and field creeping multi-branch canopy, were selected for studying their differences in AC and PAS using greenhouse and growth chamber experiments, respectively. In the greenhouse, more horizontal leaves of SC-50 resulted in steeper intra-canopy light gradient and a higher degree of self-shading, especially in the upper canopy layer. In growth chamber experiments, Aramon invested more leaf nitrogen into photosynthesis than SC-50, and the proportion (pNp) increased as light was reduced. In contrast, pNp of SC-50 did not respond to light but SC-50 partitioned its limited Np between carboxylation and light harvesting functions more effectively, showing a strategy particularly advantageous for canopies with a high degree of self-shading. This is further confirmed by additional in silico experiments showing that Np partitioning of SC-50 coped better with the impact of strong light competition caused by low light and by leaf clumping under high planting density. These findings provide a comprehensive perspective of genotypic variation in PAS, canopy architectures and their optimal coordination.
A computer vision image differential approach for automatic detection of aggressive behavior in pigs using deep learning
Authors: Fraser Jasmine , Aricibasi Harry , Tulpan Dan , Bergeron Renée 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pig aggression is a major problem facing the industry as it negatively affects both the welfare and the productivity of group-housed pigs. This study aimed to use a supervised deep learning (DL) approach based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) and image differential to automatically detect aggressive behaviors in pairs of pigs. Different pairs of unfamiliar piglets (N = 32) were placed into one of the two observation pens for 3 d, where they were video recorded each day for 1 h following mixing, resulting in 16 h of video recordings of which 1.25 h were selected for modeling. Four different approaches based on the number of frames skipped (1, 5, or 10 for Diff1, Diff5, and Diff10, respectively) and the amalgamation of multiple image differences into one (blended) were used to create four different datasets. Two CNN models were tested, with architectures based on the Visual Geometry Group (VGG) VGG-16 model architecture, consisting of convolutional layers, max-pooling layers, dense layers, and dropout layers. While both models had similar architectures, the second CNN model included stacked convolutional layers. Nine different sigmoid activation function thresholds between 0.1 and 1.0 were evaluated and a 0.5 threshold was selected to be used for testing. The stacked CNN model correctly predicted aggressive behaviors with the highest testing accuracy (0.79), precision (0.81), recall (0.77), and area under the curve (0.86) values. When analyzing the model recall for behavior subtypes prediction, mounting and mobile non-aggressive behaviors were the hardest to classify (recall = 0.63 and 0.75), while head biting, immobile, and parallel pressing were easy to classify (recall = 0.95, 0.94, and 0.91). Runtimes were also analyzed with the blended dataset, taking four times less time to train and validate than the Diff1, Diff5, and Diff10 datasets. Preprocessing time was reduced by up to 2.3 times in the blended dataset compared to the other datasets and, when combined with testing runtimes, it satisfied the requirements for real-time systems capable of detecting aggressive behavior in pairs of pigs. Overall, these results show that using a CNN and image differential-based deep learning approach can be an effective and computationally efficient technique to automatically detect aggressive behaviors in pigs.
Influence of serum Gas6 levels on prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hayashi Manabu , Abe Kazumichi , Sugaya Tatsuro , Takahata Yosuke , Fujita Masashi , Takahashi Atsushi , Ohira Hiromasa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The prediction of prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients is important for switching treatment. The association between circulating growth arrest-specific 6 levels and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients is unknown.

Methods
We retrospectively analysed the association between serum growth arrest-specific 6 levels and clinical findings in 132 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Serum growth arrest-specific 6 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Amongst 132 patients, the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage was classified as 0, A, B, C and D in 19, 48, 41, 18 and 6 patients, respectively. Serum growth arrest-specific 6 levels in hepatocellular carcinoma patients were higher than those in healthy controls (28.4 ng/mL vs. 19.6 ng/mL, P &lt; 0.001), and growth arrest-specific 6 levels were positively correlated with soluble Axl levels. In the entire cohort, high growth arrest-specific 6 levels were associated with a shorter survival period (hazard ratio: 1.78 per 20 ng/mL, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–3.16, P = 0.045). In early and intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (n = 59), we determined a cut-off value of 36.4 ng/mL based on the receiver operating characteristic curve to predict death within 3 years, and high growth arrest-specific 6 levels were associated with a high cumulative incidence of portal vein tumour thrombosis (Gray’s test: P = 0.010) and shorter overall survival (log-rank: P = 0.005).

Conclusions
Serum growth arrest-specific 6 levels were associated with prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. In early and intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma patients who underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, high growth arrest-specific 6 levels were associated with a high incidence of portal vein tumour thrombosis. Circulating growth arrest-specific 6 levels may be a useful prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
A hybrid part-of-speech tagger with annotated Kurdish corpus: advancements in POS tagging
Authors: Maulud Dastan , Jacksi Karwan , Ali Ismael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With the rapid growth of online content written in the Kurdish language, there is an increasing need to make it machine-readable and processable. Part of speech (POS) tagging is a critical aspect of natural language processing (NLP), playing a significant role in applications such as speech recognition, natural language parsing, information retrieval, and multiword term extraction. This study details the creation of the DASTAN corpus, the first POS-annotated corpus for the Sorani Kurdish dialect. The corpus, containing 74,258 words and thirty-eight tags, employs a hybrid approach utilizing the bigram hidden Markov model in combination with the Kurdish rule-based approach to POS tagging. This approach addresses two key problems that arise with rule-based approaches, namely misclassified words and ambiguity-related unanalyzed words. The proposed approach’s accuracy was assessed by training and testing it on the DASTAN corpus, yielding a 96% accuracy rate. Overall, this study’s findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid approach and its potential to enhance NLP applications for Sorani Kurdish.
Radically Inconspicuous Absence: Truncated Sonata Forms in Interwar Paris
Authors: Blättler Damian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article identifies a set of sonata-form movements written in interwar Paris that do not recapitulate their secondary theme and yet end simply in major rather than performing cataclysm or transgression. It argues that their ability to leave sonata-form conventions unfulfilled is a consequence of how these pieces make the primary-theme reprise a site of resolved structural tension, not of the theme-and-key mechanisms of sonata form but rather of processes independent from sonata-form logic. These movements are also analyzed as exhibiting ironic troping; their juxtaposition of distinct attitudes toward sonata form negotiates a relationship between the interwar era and its compositional inheritances.
Fever and Leukocytosis Are Poor Predictors of Bacterial Coinfection in Patients With COVID-19 and Influenza Who Are Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Jackson Luke B , Sobieszczyk Michal J , Aden James K , Marcus Joseph E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Fever and leukocytosis are 2 parameters commonly cited in clinical practice as indications to perform an infectious workup in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), but their utility is unknown.

Methods
All patients who received ECMO between December 2014 and December 2020 with influenza or COVID-19 were included in this retrospective cohort study. Cultures were included if they were drawn from patients without signs of decompensation. Maximum temperature and white blood cell count were recorded on the day of culture collection. Workups with infections were compared with those that were negative.

Results
Of the 137 infectious workups in this 45-patient cohort, 86 (63%) were performed in patients with no signs of decompensation, totaling 165 cultures. These workups yielded 10 (12%) true infections. There were no differences in median (IQR) temperature (100.4 °F [100.2–100.8] vs 100.4 °F [99.3–100.9], P = .90) or white blood cell count (18.6 cells/mL [16.8–20.1] vs 16.7 cells/mL [12.8–22.3], P = .90) between those with and without infections.

Conclusions
In patients with influenza or COVID-19 who require ECMO, fever and leukocytosis were common indications for infectious workups, yet results were frequently negative. Despite their use in clinical practice, fever and leukocytosis are not reliable indicators of infection in patients who are hemodynamically stable and receiving ECMO.
Acyl-CoA binding protein is required for lipid droplet degradation in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Authors: Leyland Ben , Novichkova Ekaterina , Dolui Achintya Kumar , Jallet Denis , Daboussi Fayza , Legeret Bertrand , Li Zhongze , Li-Beisson Yonghua , Boussiba Sammy , Khozin-Goldberg Inna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) accumulate neutral storage lipids in lipid droplets during stress conditions, which can be rapidly degraded and recycled when optimal conditions resume. Since nutrient and light availability fluctuate in marine environments, storage lipid turnover is essential for diatom dominance of marine ecosystems. Diatoms have garnered attention for their potential to provide a sustainable source of omega-3 fatty acids. Several independent proteomic studies of lipid droplets isolated from the model oleaginous pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum have identified a previously uncharacterized protein with an acyl-CoA binding (ACB) domain, Phatrdraft_48778, here referred to as Phaeodactylum tricornutum acyl-CoA binding protein (PtACBP). We report the phenotypic effects of CRISPR-Cas9 targeted genome editing of PtACBP. ptacbp mutants were defective in lipid droplet and triacylglycerol degradation, as well as lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid synthesis, during recovery from nitrogen starvation. Transcription of genes responsible for peroxisomal β-oxidation, triacylglycerol lipolysis, and eicosapentaenoic acid synthesis was inhibited. A lipid-binding assay using a synthetic ACB domain from PtACBP indicated preferential binding specificity toward certain polar lipids. PtACBP fused to eGFP displayed an endomembrane-like pattern, which surrounded the periphery of lipid droplets. PtACBP is likely responsible for intracellular acyl transport, affecting cell division, development, photosynthesis, and stress response. A deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing storage lipid turnover will be crucial for developing diatoms and other microalgae as biotechnological cell factories.
Bitter Taste Receptor Agonist Denatonium Inhibits Stemness Characteristics in Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
Authors: Pensato Valentina , Laginestra Maria Antonella , Falvo Paolo , Orecchioni Stefania , Talarico Giovanna , De Marchi Elena , Bruno Samantha , Mongiorgi Sara , Mitola Giulia , Bertolini Francesco , Adinolfi Elena , Cavo Michele , Curti Antonio , Salvestrini Valentina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bone marrow microenvironmental stimuli profoundly impact hematopoietic stem cell fate and biology. As G protein-coupled receptors, the bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are key in transmitting extracellular stimuli into an intracellular response, within the oral cavity but also in extraoral tissues. Their expression in the bone marrow (BM)-derived cells suggests their involvement in sensing the BM microenvironmental fluctuation.
In the present study, we demonstrated that umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived CD34+ cells express fully functional TAS2Rs along with the signal transduction cascade components and their activation by the prototypical agonist, denatonium benzoate, significantly modulated genes involved in stemness maintenance and regulation of cell trafficking. The activation of these specific pathways was confirmed in functional in vitro experiments. Denatonium exposure exerted an antiproliferative effect on UCB-derived CD34+ cells, mainly affecting the most undifferentiated progenitor frequency. It also reduced their clonogenicity and repopulating potential in vitro. In addition, the TAS2R signaling activation impaired the UCB-derived CD34+ cell trafficking, mainly reducing the migration toward the chemoattractant agent CXCL12 and modulating the expression of the adhesion molecules CD62L, CD49d, and CD29.
In conclusion, our results in UCB-derived CD34+ cells expand the observation of TAS2R expression in the setting of BM-resident cells and shed light on the role of TAS2Rs in the extrinsic regulation of hematopoietic stem cell functions.
Waterproof Hip Spica Casts for Pediatric Femur Fractures
Authors: Churchill Jessica L. , Kronk Trinity A. , Adamczyk Mark J. , Brown Miraides F. , Ritzman Todd F. , Floccari Lorena V. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Hip spica casting is the treatment of choice for femur fractures in children ages 6 months to 5 years. Traditional spica (TS) casting utilizes cotton padding that precludes patient bathing. Waterproof (WP) casting has inherent advantages, including clearance for bathing and improved family satisfaction. This study examines the safety and efficacy of WP hip spica casting for the treatment of pediatric femur fractures.

Methods:
This is a retrospective, matched cohort study of patients ≤5 years with a femur fracture treated with hip spica casting. Patients with WP casts were matched to patients with TS casts by age, sex, and fracture type. TS casts utilize a Goretex liner and cotton padding, while WP spicas utilize fully WP materials and can be completely submerged in water.

Results:
Fifty patients were included (25 WP, 25 TS) without differences between cohorts in age, weight, or sex. There were no differences in operative time, length of stay, or length of time in cast. Patient charges were significantly lower in the WP group ($230 vs. $301, P<0.001). At cast-off, coronal/sagittal alignment and shortening were similar, while 9 TS patients had minor skin and/or cast complications that required outpatient repair versus only 1 WP patient (P<0.001).

Conclusions:
In a matched comparison, WP spica casting significantly reduces skin and cast complications traditionally associated with cotton-based spica casting, with significantly lower charges for WP cast materials. Fracture healing rate, alignment, and shortening at cast-off are similar in WP versus TS casts. WP spica casting is safe and efficacious for pediatric femur fractures, with the inherent advantage of clearance for bathing.

Level of Evidence:
Level 3.