bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The estimated glomerular filtration rate predicts pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Oida Mitsunori , Hasumi Eriko , Kohsaku Goto , Kunihiro Kani , Oshima Tsukasa , Matsubara Takumi J. , Matsuda Jun , Shimizu Yu , Oguri Gaku , Kojima Toshiya , Fujiu Katsuhito , Komuro Issei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClinical predictors for pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM) (e.g., a wide QRS duration and left bundle branch block at baseline) have been reported. However, factors involved in the development of PICM in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) remain unknown. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for PICM in patients with preserved LVEF. The data of 113 patients (average age: 71.3 years; men: 54.9%) who had echocardiography before and after pacemaker implantation (PMI) among 465 patients undergoing dual-chamber PMI were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-three patients were diagnosed with PICM (18.0/100 person-years; 95% CI 12.8–25.2). A univariate Cox regression analysis showed that an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≤ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (HR 3.47; 95% CI 1.48–8.16) and a past medical history of coronary artery disease (CAD) (HR 2.76; 95% CI 1.36–5.60) were significantly associated with the onset of PICM. After adjusting for clinical variables, an eGFR ≤ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (HR 2.62; 95% CI 1.09–6.29) and a medical history of CAD (HR 2.32; 95% CI 1.13–4.80) were independent risk factors for developing PICM. A medical history of CAD and low eGFR are independent risk factors for PICM in patients with preserved LVEF at baseline. These results could be helpful in predicting a decreased LVEF by ventricular pacing before PMI. Close follow-up by echocardiography is recommended to avoid a delay in upgrading to physiological pacing, such as cardiac resynchronization therapy or conduction system pacing.
Pre-radiotherapy ctDNA liquid biopsy for risk stratification of oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Semenkovich Nicholas P. , Badiyan Shahed N. , Samson Pamela P. , Stowe Hayley B. , Wang Yun E. , Star Rachel , Devarakonda Siddhartha , Govindan Ramaswamy , Waqar Saiama N. , Robinson Clifford G. , Vlacich Gregory , Pellini Bruna , Chaudhuri Aadel A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe optimal treatment paradigm for patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Some patients with oligometastatic disease experience prolonged remission after locally consolidative radiation therapy (RT), while others harbor micrometastatic disease (below limits of detection by imaging) and benefit from systemic therapy. To risk-stratify and identify the patients most likely to benefit from locally consolidative RT, we performed a multi-institutional cohort study of 1487 patients with oligometastatic NSCLC undergoing liquid biopsy analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). In total, 1880 liquid biopsies were performed and approximately 20% of patients (n = 309) had ctDNA measured prior to RT and after their diagnosis of oligometastatic disease. Patients with undetectable ctDNA (pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in plasma using the Tempus xF assay) before RT had significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.004) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.030). ctDNA maximum variant allele frequency (VAF) pre-RT and ctDNA mutational burden pre-RT were both significantly inversely correlated with PFS (maximum VAF P = 0.008, mutational burden P = 0.003) and OS (maximum VAF P = 0.007, mutational burden P = 0.045). These findings were corroborated by multivariate Cox proportional hazards models that included eight additional clinical and genomic parameters. Overall, these data suggest that in patients with oligometastatic NSCLC, pre-RT ctDNA can potentially identify the patients most likely to benefit from locally consolidative RT and experience prolonged PFS and OS. Similarly, ctDNA may be useful to identify undiagnosed micrometastatic disease where it may be appropriate to prioritize systemic therapies.
Task-specific odorant receptor expression in worker antennae indicates that sensory filters regulate division of labor in ants
Authors: Caminer Marcel A. , Libbrecht Romain , Majoe Megha , Ho David V. , Baumann Peter , Foitzik Susanne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDivision of labor (DOL) is a characteristic trait of insect societies, where tasks are generally performed by specialized individuals. Inside workers focus on brood or nest care, while others take risks by foraging outside. Theory proposes that workers have different thresholds to perform certain tasks when confronted with task-related stimuli, leading to specialization and consequently DOL. Workers are presumed to vary in their response to task-related cues rather than in how they perceive such information. Here, we test the hypothesis that DOL instead stems from workers varying in their efficiency to detect stimuli of specific tasks. We use transcriptomics to measure mRNA expression levels in the antennae and brain of nurses and foragers of the ant Temnothorax longispinosus. We find seven times as many genes to be differentially expressed between behavioral phenotypes in the antennae compared to the brain. Moreover, half of all odorant receptors are differentially expressed, with an overrepresentation of the 9-exon gene family upregulated in the antennae of nurses. Nurses and foragers thus apparently differ in the perception of their olfactory environment and task-related signals. Our study supports the hypothesis that antennal sensory filters predispose workers to specialize in specific tasks.
Meat taxes in Europe can be designed to avoid overburdening low-income consumers
Authors: Klenert D. , Funke F. , Cai M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConsumption taxes on meat have recently been under consideration in several European countries as part of their effort to achieve more sustainable food systems. Yet a major concern is that these taxes might burden low-income households disproportionately. Here we compare different meat tax designs and revenue recycling schemes in terms of their distributional impacts in a large sample of European countries. We find that across all selected tax designs, uncompensated meat taxes are slightly regressive. However, the effect on inequality is mild and can be reversed through revenue recycling via uniform lump-sum transfers in most cases. Using meat tax revenues towards lowering value-added taxes on fruit and vegetable products dampens but does not fully offset the regressive effect. Variation in the distributional impact can be explained by cross-country heterogeneity in consumption patterns, design choices between unit-based and ad valorem taxation and differentiation according to greenhouse gas intensities.
Centuries of genome instability and evolution in soft-shell clam, Mya arenaria, bivalve transmissible neoplasia
Authors: Hart Samuel F. M. , Yonemitsu Marisa A. , Giersch Rachael M. , Garrett Fiona E. S. , Beal Brian F. , Arriagada Gloria , Davis Brian W. , Ostrander Elaine A. , Goff Stephen P. , Metzger Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTransmissible cancers are infectious parasitic clones that metastasize to new hosts, living past the death of the founder animal in which the cancer initiated. We investigated the evolutionary history of a cancer lineage that has spread though the soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria) population by assembling a chromosome-scale soft-shell clam reference genome and characterizing somatic mutations in transmissible cancer. We observe high mutation density, widespread copy-number gain, structural rearrangement, loss of heterozygosity, variable telomere lengths, mitochondrial genome expansion and transposable element activity, all indicative of an unstable cancer genome. We also discover a previously unreported mutational signature associated with overexpression of an error-prone polymerase and use this to estimate the lineage to be >200 years old. Our study reveals the ability for an invertebrate cancer lineage to survive for centuries while its genome continues to structurally mutate, likely contributing to the evolution of this lineage as a parasitic cancer.
Arctic cyclones have become more intense and longer-lived over the past seven decades
Authors: Zhang Xiangdong , Tang Han , Zhang Jing , Walsh John E. , Roesler Erika L. , Hillman Benjamin , Ballinger Thomas J. , Weijer Wilbert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntense cyclones driving extreme Arctic weather and climate events have been more frequently observed during recent years, causing dramatic environmental and socioeconomic impacts. However, inconsistencies have emerged about long-term changes in Arctic cyclone activity. Here we analyze multiple reanalysis datasets covering a multidecadal period with improvements to the cyclone tracking algorithm and the integrated cyclone activity metric. The results indicate an intensification of Arctic cyclone activity over the last seven decades. There has been a long-term shift of the maximum cyclone counts from weaker to stronger cyclones and a pronounced lengthening of the duration of strong cyclones. Spatial analysis shows increased strong cyclone frequency over the Arctic, driven by enhanced lower troposphere baroclinicity, amplified winter jet stream waves over the subpolar North Atlantic, and a strengthened summer tropospheric vortex over the central Arctic. The stratospheric vortex has also intensified the tropospheric waves and vortex with distinct dynamics between winter and summer. Recently enhanced baroclinicity over large areas of the Arctic and midlatitudes suggests more complicated atmospheric dynamics than what is hypothesized with Arctic-amplification-induced decrease in meridional temperature gradients.
Fibrous dolomite formation at a Miocene methane seep may reflect Neoproterozoic aragonite-dolomite sea conditions
Authors: Lu Yang , Paulmann Carsten , Mihailova Boriana , Malcherek Thomas , Birgel Daniel , López Correa Matthias , Lin Zhiyong , Lu Liuyi , Milker Yvonne , Peckmann Jörn 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFibrous dolomite widely formed in Neoproterozoic marine sedimentary environments, but apparently disappeared in the Phanerozoic. Here, fibrous dolomite is recognised in a Miocene methane seep limestone (Marmorito, Italy) by synchrotron X-ray diffraction, length slow crystal optics and primary zonation under cathodoluminescence, which is unexpected. Low δ13C values and their negative correlation with MgCO3 contents indicate a formation driven by highly alkaline pore waters and catalysis of dissolved sulphide generated by sulphate-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane. Cementing cavities of reefal carbonate, Neoproterozoic fibrous dolomite might have formed under sulphate-reducing conditions like Quaternary reef microbialites. Since the cavities of Neoproterozoic reefs were restricted microenvironments, the formation of fibrous dolomite was possibly favoured by catalysis similar to its Miocene seep counterpart. Our findings reinforce the concept of penecontemporaneous dolomite formation by sulphide catalysis and contribute to our understanding of the environmental conditions of the Neoproterozoic.
Web accessibility in Spanish city councils: a challenge for the democratic inclusion and well-being of citizens
Authors: Fernández-Díaz Elena , Jambrino-Maldonado Carmen , Iglesias-Sánchez Patricia P. , de las Heras-Pedrosa Carlos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPublic institutions find an open window and greater transparency towards citizens in the digital sphere. So much so that the websites of local corporations can be considered an instrument of democratic inclusion and overall well-being. However, web accessibility continues to be a pending issue in order to encourage any person, regardless of their physical, mental or age capabilities, to interact without any kind of barrier. This paper analyses the web accessibility of 18 provincial capital city councils in Spain, comparing two periods to detect compliance with the requirements of adaptation to citizenship by applying the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. The results show that accessibility to the websites of local corporations is still an unresolved issue. The commitment to web accessibility is not related to the size of cities or their budgetary level. It is necessary to undertake the appropriate improvements if they want, in their commitment to all citizens, to not leave out two key groups: people with functional diversity and the elderly. The contribution of this work goes beyond the need to use a type of analysis model to evaluate the democratisation of websites as digital public services and, consequently, it raises a series of practical implications relevant to the political decision-making bodies of local councils.
Reinforcement learning for photonic component design
Authors: Witt Donald , Young Jeff , Chrostowski Lukas 
Published: October 2023

We present a new fab-in-the-loop reinforcement learning algorithm for the design of nano-photonic components that accounts for the imperfections present in nanofabrication processes. As a demonstration of the potential of this technique, we apply it to the design of photonic crystal grating couplers fabricated on an air clad 220 nm silicon on insulator single etch platform. This fab-in-the-loop algorithm improves the insertion loss from 8.8 to 3.24 dB. The widest bandwidth designs produced using our fab-in-the-loop algorithm can cover a 150 nm bandwidth with less than 10.2 dB of loss at their lowest point.
A sparrow search algorithm-optimized convolutional neural network for imbalanced data classification using synthetic minority over-sampling technique
Authors: Deng Wu , He Qi , Zhou Xiangbing , Chen Huayue , Zhao Huimin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Due to the large span of flight delay, numerous influencing factors and large number of flights, the collected flight delay data is characterized by large-scale and imbalance, which is considered as one of the largest challenges in balanced flight delay data classification by using conventional classification algorithms. To solve this problem, an adaptive multi-class classification approach of imbalanced flight delay data using synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE)-based convolutional neural network with sparrow search algorithm, namely SSA-LTCNN is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the SMOTE is used to reduce the imbalance between the classes of the flight delay data. Then, the qualitative analysis method is employed to determine the key parameters of the CNN, which are optimized by using SSA to establish an optimized CNN model. Finally, the optimized CNN model with more effective feature representation ability is employed to extract discriminative features from the balanced flight delay data automatically. The obtained features in the last fully connected layer of the optimized CNN model are used for flight delay classification. The MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Data is selected to verify the effectiveness of the proposed SSA-LTCNN method and the confusion matrix, classification accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score are also used to evaluate the performance of the proposed SSA-LTCNN method, which can get better performance than RF, DT, LR, CNN and QRSCNN. The actual flight delay data is processed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed classification approach, which can achieve higher accuracy than KNN, NB, UCNN, CNN, SSA-LCNN and SSA-TCNN in different time periods. The experimental results show that the SSA-LTCNN can fast and effectively realize the classification of MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Data and flight delay data.
High-efficiency photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics and molecular docking study to treat the omicron variant of COVID-19 infection using biosynthesized ZnO@Fe3O4 nanocomposites
Authors: Meneceur Souhaila , Bouafia Abderrhmane , Laouini Salah Eddine , Mohammed Hamdi Ali , Daoudi Henda , Hasan Gamil Gamal , Salmi Chaima 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, ZnO@Fe3O4 nanocomposite (NC) was synthesized using a green synthesis method with Mentha pulegium leaf extract. Characterization techniques such as UV–vis, FTIR, SEM, TGA, and XRD were employed to confirm the formation of ZnO@Fe3O4 NC and thermogravimetric analysis to evaluate the breakdown of NC in the presence of heat. XRD analysis showed a crystallite size of about 25.59 nm and SEM images of ZnO@Fe3O4 NC revealed spherical-shaped agglomerated particles. The optical bandgap energy of the ZnO@Fe3O4 NC was estimated to be 2.51 eV for direct bandgap and 1.57 eV for allowable indirect bandgap. Photocatalytic activity of the ZnO@Fe3O4 NC was evaluated for the degradation of Amoxicillin, Cephalexin, and Metronidazole antibiotics under sunlight irradiation, showing degradation efficiencies of 71%, 69%, and 99%, respectively, suggesting the potential of ZnO@Fe3O4 NC for removal of antibiotics from waterways. First-principles theory was employed to establish the adsorption energy (Ead) of the antibiotic species, including Amoxicillin, Cephalexin, and Metronidazole, on the surface of ZnO@Fe3O4 nanocomposite, which was found to be −8.064, −8.791, and −21.385 eV, respectively, indicating strong adsorption. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were conducted to upgrade Fe3O4 nanoparticles to ZnO@Fe3O4 NC to enhance composite efficiency. Leveraging the FDA-approved use of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and their known antiviral activity, our docking experiment demonstrated promising results in the interaction between ZnO@Fe3O4 nanocomposite and the spike protein receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 S Omicron. These findings suggest that ZnO@Fe3O4 nanocomposite could potentially inhibit virus attachment to host cell receptors more stably, providing a promising avenue for further exploration in developing effective medications against SARS-CoV-2.
Tunable full-space light field manipulation based on double-layer Ge2Sb2Te5 metasurfaces
Authors: Guo Kai , Li XiaoYu , Kang Qianlong , Guo Zhongyi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Metasurfaces have the strong ability to reshape wave front and are attractive for a wide range of applications. However, metasurface based light field manipulation can be realized usually in either transmission or reflection space individually, which will limit its application scenario of metasuface. In this paper, we design a phase change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) based double-layer dielectric metasurface in mid-infrared bands, which can achieve the light field manipulation in full space and dynamically control the focal intensity of reflected and transmitted light. As proof-of-concepts, two functional metasurfaces are designed and investigated: the first metasurface realizes the dynamically adjustable focus intensity in full-space under left circularly polarized (LCP) light incidence, the second metasurface is designed to provide spin-dependent bifocal in full space, which can generate custom designed two focal points under LCP or right circularly polarized (RCP) light incidence. Our proposed tunable full-space dielectric metasurfaces can be potentially applied for energy-harvesting, optical communication and optical imaging.
A combination of extended finite element method and the Kriging model based crack identification method
Authors: Xie Guizhong , Zhao Chongmao , Li Hao , Du Wenliao , Liu Jun , Wang Yuehui , Zhong Yudong , Wang Liangwen , Wang Haoqi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a crack identification method in which the extended finite element method (XFEM) and a surrogate model are employed. The XFEM is used for accurate modeling of fractures, while the employment of Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) ensures a representative sample space for the input parameters. Then, we use a Kriging surrogate model to establish the response surface between the input and output data and to verify the accuracy of the model predictions. The Kriging model is based on a Gaussian process that models the correlation between the sample points, and it provides an efficient way to interpolate between known data points. To find the optimal solution, we combine the Kriging surrogate model with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. From the numerical examples, it can be found that the optimal solutions are in good agreement with the exact solutions.
Thermodynamically consistent model of an active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck particle
Authors: Fritz J H , Seifert U 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Identifying the full entropy production of active particles is a challenging task. We introduce a microscopic, thermodynamically consistent model, which leads to active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck statistics in the continuum limit. Our minimal model consists of a particle with a fluctuating number of active reaction sites that contribute to its active self-propulsion on a lattice. The model also takes ordinary thermal noise into account. This approach allows us to identify the full entropy production stemming from both thermal diffusion and active driving. Extant methods based on the comparison of forward and time-reversed trajectory underestimate the physical entropy production when applied to the Langevin equations obtained from our model. Constructing microscopic Markovian models can thus provide a benchmark for determining the entropy production in non-Markovian active systems.
A quantitative study of systematic uncertainties due to QED corrections in accurate Compton polarimetry experiments
Authors: Martens A. , Mawas F. , Zomer F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Several new high-energy physics accelerators will exploit
beam polarization as a core part of their program. In several cases
the beam polarization needs to be accurately measured with a
precision better than one per-mille. At this level of precision,
α
3 QED corrections must be accounted for. In this paper, we
estimate the related correction for the detectors considered for
several projects as ILC and FCC-ee. Two different techniques to
extract the beam polarization are investigated and found to provide
complementary information. The related measurements are dominated by
different sources of systematic uncertainties, either related to QED
corrections or likely to uncontrolled variations of experimental
conditions at the per-mille level. It is found in particular that
the measurement of the spatial distribution of photons, besides
experimental challenges, is more sensitive to QED corrections than
the technique consisting in measuring electrons spatial and energy
distribution.
Research on heavy ion irradiation effects on SOI SRAM
Authors: Li Ke , Hao Jianhong , Zhao Qiang , Fan Jieqing , Gong Yanfei , Hou Tianhao , Fang Jie , Zhang Fang , Dong Zhiwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
SRAM based on SOI devices has been widely used in aerospace storage devices due to its good electrical characteristics and radiation resistance. However, with the development of semiconductor technology, the feature size of devices continues to shrink, and the irradiation effects of high-energy ions have become increasingly serious. Single event effect has become the biggest threat to the failure of the spacecraft. A mixed-simulation method was used to research the heavy ion irradiation effects on SOI SRAM. SRAM consists of two coupled inverters. Firstly, the voltage changes of the inverter and SRAM output nodes under heavy ion irradiation were compared and analyzed, then the influence of the device itself and heavy ion parameters on the single particle flipping effect of the SRAM is investigated, and finally the necessary conditions for the flipping of the stored information in the SRAM are discussed and derived. The results show that heavy ion incidence does not permanently change the final state of the inverter; devices in the off state in the SRAM will undergo information flipping only when they are irradiated by heavy ions, and the threshold voltage of the N-type MOSFET is lower than that of the P-type MOSFET; an increase in the penetration depth will accelerate the flipping speed of the SRAM, but when the LET is high, the influence of the penetration depth on the flipping speed decreases; the change of the stored information in the SRAM is the result of the combined effect of pulse width and pulse height.