bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of improvement in disease activity in childhood and adolescent Crohn's disease - an analysis of age, localization, initial severity and drug therapy: data from the Saxon Pediatric IBD-Registry in Germany (2000-2014)
Authors: Weidner Jens , Zoch Michele , Kern Ivana , Reinecke Ines , Bathelt Franziska , Manuwald Ulf , Peng Yuan , Henke Elisa , Rothe Ulrike , Kugler Joachim 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction: The escalating worldwide prevalence of Crohn's disease (CD) among children and adolescents, coupled with a trend toward earlier onset, presents significant challenges for healthcare systems. Moreover, the chronicity of this condition imposes substantial individual burdens. Consequently, the principal objective of CD treatment revolves around rapid inducing remission. This study scrutinizes the impact of age, gender, initial disease localization, and therapy on the duration to achieve disease activity amelioration.
Methods: Data from the Saxon Pediatric IBD-Registry in Germany were analyzed over a period of 15 years. In addition to descriptive methods, logistic and linear regression analyses were conducted to identify correlations. Furthermore, survival analyses and Cox regressions were utilized to identify factors influencing the time to improvement in disease activity. These effects were expressed as Hazard Ratios (HR) with 95\% confidence intervals.
Results: Data on the clinical course of 338 children and adolescents with CD were available in the registry. The analyses showed a significant correlation between a young age of onset and the severity of disease activity. It was evident that treatment with anti-TNF (Infliximab) was associated with a more favorable prognosis in terms of the time required for improvement in disease activity. Similarly, favorable outcomes were observed with the combination therapies of infliximab with enteral nutrition therapy and Infliximab with immunosuppressants.
Conclusion: Our analysis of data from the Saxon Pediatric IBD Registry revealed that the timeframe for improvement of disease activity in pediatric Crohn's disease is influenced by several factors. Specifically, patient age, treatment modality, and initial site of inflammation were found to be significant contributors. The study provides important findings that underline the need for individualized treatment.
Physical and optical properties of bismuth borate glass doped with different rare earth ions A 2 O 3 (A= La, Ce, Nd, Sm)
Authors: Kashif I. , Ratep A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The physical, structural, and optical features of Bi2O3-B2O3-A2O3 (A = La, Ce, Nd, Sm)-based glasses were examined by measuring the density, optical band gap, volume access, spacing between boron atoms, and infrared (FTIR) and optical analyses. To obtain the optical band gap (Eopt), we applied the extinction coefficient approach. Our work demonstrates how the optical band gap forms and how atomic numbers correlate with all the physical attributes. The fiber ability of the research glasses was good. The glass samples studied are ideal for use as the fiber core material, and The Nd3+ connection is an ionic bond, whereas the Sm3+ link is a covalent bond, according to the bonding parameter. The optimal ions for effective luminescence were determined using spectroscopic techniques.
Bioinformatics Analysis Identified a Crucial Role of Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Jiajing , Liu Qi , Zhang Ting , Du Qian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Therefore, the identification of novel drug candidate target genes is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic strategies for HCC. In this study, we employed deeply bioinformatics analysis to identify potential therapeutic targets for HCC. Key genes were identified in HCC, and gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway networks were constructed to explore their biological functions and associated pathways. CDK1 and DLGAP5 were highly expressed in HCC and associated with poor prognosis. Additionally, CDK1 and DLGAP5 were found to be associated with tumor immune cell infiltration to promote HCC. These findings provide valuable insights into the development of novel therapeutic approaches for HCC.
A novel multi class disease detection of chest x-ray images using deep learning with pre trained transfer learning models for medical imaging applications
Authors: alsekait Deema mohammed , Krishnamoorthy Mahendran , Muthusamy Suresh , Balakrishnan Baranitharan , Sri S. , Panneerselvam M. , Rameshkumar M. , Abualigah Laith , Saber Abeer , Salama Diaa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Images from chest X-rays (CXR) are thought to help observe and research various kinds of pulmonary illnesses. Several works were suggested in the literature for recognizing unique lung diseases, and only a few studies were focused on developing a model to identify joint classes of lung diseases. A patient with a negative diagnosis for one condition may have the other disease, and vice versa. However, since many illnesses are lung-related, a patient can have multiple illnesses simultaneously. This paper proposes a deep learning (DL)-based pre-trained transfer learning (TL) model for effectively detecting and classifying the multiclass diseases of lung CXR images. The system involves five phases: preprocessing, dataset balancing, feature learning, feature selection, and multiclass classification. Firstly, the CXR images are preprocessed by performing filtering, contrast enhancement, and data augmentation. After that, the dataset balancing is performed using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Next, the features are learned using a spatial and channel-attention-based Xception Network (SCAXN). The optimal features are selected using nonlinear decreasing inertia weight-based rock hyraxes swarm optimization (NIWRHSO). Finally, the multiclass classification uses a soft sign-incorporated bidirectional gated recurrent unit (SBIGRU). Two public datasets, COVID-19 Radiography (C19RY) and Tuberculosis CXR (TB-CXR), have been obtained from Kaggle, and the outcomes confirmed that the proposed system attains superior results to prevailing methods.
Assessing the Effects of Water and Soil Pollution on Human Health and Fish Populations in the Shohor Modhumoti River, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md. Rajib , Sanyal Sudershon , Islam Rifat 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A river is important for both terrestrial and aquatic life forms. The flow of water in rivers, lakes, and streams is influenced by a variety of factors, including the land use and waste management, resulting in major alterations to the flow of the water. In this study, the physio-chemical and microbiological parameters of the river Shohor Modhumati water have been assessed. The samples were collected from three different locations on 10th January of 2023 and 27th February from the Shohor Modhumati river of Gopalganj Sadar Upazila. The biological analysis included identifying bacteria in MacConkey and TCBS(Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile-Sucrose) agars. The spread plate techniques have been used to identify the bacteria in both the water and soil samples. The results showed that the bacteria in the water samples have a wide range of functional diversity and also contain pathogenic bacteria that can be harmful to humans and fish biodiversity. Physicochemical study included various tests including parameters such as ammonia, alkalinity, TDS, DO. The result of the analysis showed the bacterial load in the river which make it unsuitable for household and recreational use and also below standard for fish biodiversity.
Reconstructing Masked Faces using Variational Quantized Variational Auto Encoders and Recognition using DCNN-ELM Hybrid Framework
Authors: Agarwal Chandni , Bhatnagar Charul , Mishra Anurag 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The reconstruction of the face has historically been a significant issue in medical and forensic science. The presence of COVID-19 has added a significant new dimension. To model a new face, plastic surgery and informatics are employed, representing cyber forensics with challenges. The classic facial recognition techniques suffer from major drawbacks when face masks are widely used. As a result, new techniques are now being tried and tested to reconstruct a face from a collection of masked facial images. To determine the identification accuracy and other parameters/metrics, these faces are compared to real-world images of the same subject. Our research focuses on the task of post-mask face reconstruction, addressing the pressing need for precise and reliable techniques. We evaluate the effectiveness of three key algorithms: Edge Connect, Gated Convolution, and Hierarchical Variational Vector Quantized Autoencoders (HVQVAE). We use two synthetic datasets, MaskedFace-CelebA and MaskedFace-CelebAHQ, to rigorously assess the quality of reconstructed faces using metrics such as PSNR, SSIM, UIQI, and NCORR. Gated Convolution (GC) emerges as the superior choice in terms of image quality. To validate our findings, we employ five classifiers (Vgg16, Vgg19, ResNet50, ResNet101, ResNET152) and explore Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) as novel approaches for face recognition. A comprehensive ablation study reinforces our conclusion that Generative Convolution (GC) excels among the three models. Our research offers valuable insights into face reconstruction amid widespread mask usage, emphasizing innovative methodologies to address contemporary challenges in the field.
Cardiotoxicity from Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) – an analysis of an administrative health claims database
Authors: Vallabhaneni Srilakshmi , Adusumalli Srinath , Wu Jingyi , Groeneveld Peter W. , Gerson James , O’Quinn Rupal P. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background:
First generation Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) such as ibrutinib have been associated with cardiovascular toxicities. Newer generation BTKi (e.g.,acalabrutinib and zanabrutinib) have been associated with lower incidence of cardiotoxicity in clinical trials.
Objective:
Given paucity in real-world data on the overall cardiac risk factor profile, especially with the newer BTKi, our study evaluated the incidence of cardiotoxicity with various BTKi among a large, commercially insured population of patients.
Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of all adults with a diagnosis of B-cell malignancy undergoing treatment with BTKi acalabrutinib and ibrutinib between January 2018 and June 2020 using Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database. We then identified patients who had pre-existing cardiac disease one year prior to starting BTKi, and six months after starting BTKi to keep drug exposure rates similar. New incidence of atrial fibrillation/flutter, hypertension, bleeding, ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation and sudden cardiac death were compared with standard Chi Square or Student t-test where appropriate. Multivariate logistic regression models were also estimated to evaluate for confounding.
Results:
A total of 1691 patients were included in the final analysis. 1595 (94%, median age 75 (19–90) years, 61% male gender) patients received ibrutinib, and 96 (6%, median age 73.5 (32–90) years, 62.5% male gender) patients received acalabrutinib. The median duration of drug exposure of ibrutinib was 238 (2-1084) days vs 150 (30–870) days for acalabrutinib. There was lower new incidence of atrial fibrillation/flutter (4.6%-vs-17%, p = 0.014), hypertension (6.3%-vs-25%, p = NS), ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (0% vs 1.5%, p = NS) in the acalabrutinib group within six months of drug exposure compared to ibrutinib, of which only the lower incidence of atrial fibrillation/flutter was statistically significant. This was despite the finding of a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation/flutter at baseline in patients receiving acalabrutinib.
Conclusions:
There was lower incidence of new atrial fibrillation/flutter with acalabrutinib when compared to ibrutinib in a real-world cohort of patients.
Quantum Neural Networks: A Novel Architecture for Hybrid Quantum-Classical Algorithms
Authors: Gundu Srinivasa Rao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The capacity of quantum computing to tackle complex problems faster than general computers might lead to industry revolutions. However, actual implementation is problematic due to limited qubit coherence and inherent noise. Using Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs), hybrid quantum-classical algorithms successfully address optimization problems by combining the benefits of both quantum and traditional computer paradigms. The interface layer, the classical layer, and the quantum layer make up the three fundamental parts of the suggested design. The architecture's performance is contrasted with existing methods to demonstrate its advantages in terms of speed, accuracy, and scalability. With the help of this innovative design, difficult issues that are outside the capabilities of conventional computers can now be tackled, offering a workable solution for issues with finance, logistics, and medication development.
Connecting the Dots Between Stance and Fake News Detection with Blockchain, Proof of Reputation, and the Hoeffding Bound
Authors: salah Ilhem , Jouini Khaled , Pachon Cyril-Alexandre , Korbaa Ouajdi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Combating fake news is a crucial endeavor, yet the complexity of the task requires multifaceted approaches that transcend singular technological solutions. Traditional fact-checking, often centralized and human-dependent, faces scalability and bias challenges. This paper introduces a novel blockchain-based framework that leverages the wisdom of the crowd for an authority-free, scalable, automated and reputation-driven fact-checking. Within this framework, stance detection acts as an automated means of opinion retrieval, while the Proof of Reputation consensus mechanism fosters an environment where reputable contributors have greater influence in shaping news credibility. Concurrently, the Hoeffding bound is used to allow the system to adapt to evolving contexts. In contrast to Machine Learning -based approaches, our framework avoids the need for periodic retraining to update a model’s frozen knowledge of the world. The experimental study conducted on real-world data demonstrates that the proposed framework offers a promising and efficient solution to combat the spread of fake news.
Endogenous endophthalmitis secondary to Lemierre's Syndrome originating from pharyngotonsillitis
Authors: Gorrotxategi Nerea Gangoitia , Garmendia Iñigo Salmeron , Heras-Mulero Henar , Arbués Santiago López , Silva Esther Compains 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to report a case of Lemierre’s Syndrome producing unilateral endogenous endophthalmitis in a healthy, young woman with a history of tonsillitis.
Case report/observations: A 17-year-old healthy woman developed fever after a few days of sore throat. She later developed pneumonia with septic signs, leading to admission to the Intensive Care Unit. Lemierre Syndrome was diagnosed due to multiple septic pulmonary emboli and signs of sepsis following a recent episode of tonsillitis. During hospitalization, the patient complained of decreased visual acuity and floaters in her left eye. Ophthalmological examination revealed papillary edema, vitritis, foci of chorioretinitis in the macula and Roth’s spots, confirming the diagnosis of endogenous endophthalmitis. Subsequently, she underwent appropriate treatment, progressing satisfactorily.
Conclusion and importance: Although ophthalmological manifestations are rare, due to the pathophysiological characteristics of Lemierre’s Syndrome, all patients should underwent standard ophthalmologic assessment, even in the absence of ophthalmic symptoms or visible findings, as part of a multidisciplinary management approach.
Assessment of Pollution Impacts and Quality of Water for Agriciultural and Domestic Purpose Using Selected Physico-chemical and Microbiological Parameters as Indices
Authors: Adediran Arinola Becky , Adediran Adeimpe Tejumade 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The assessment of the pollution impacts and water quality of Oyun River which is located in Ilorin Kwara state Nigeria was investigated using Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters as indices. Water samples were collected for a period of 16 weeks. The analysis of parameters were done using standard procedures. The pysico-chemical parameter results showed mean value of pH (7.80-7.00), turbidity (82.00-30.00mg/L), suspended solids (110.30-20.10mg/L) dissolved solid (40.20-10.10mg/L),total solids (140.50-30.30mg/L), dissolved oxygen (7.60-4.25mg/L), COD (2.60-1.50mg/l),Nitrate (6.10-2.50mg/L), Phosphate (2.00-0.80mg/L),Sulphate (16.00-9.50mg/L),total hardness (60-27mg/L) and total alkalinity (50-30mg/L). The microbiological results showed total heterotrophic bacterial counts (22.30 to 10.30 ×101 cfu/ml), total Coliform counts (10.30 to 3.20 ×101 cfu/ml), total fecal counts (6.30 to 2.00 ×101 cfu/ml) and fungal counts (6.00 to 2.00 ×101 cfu/ml). Total of nine (9) bacteria and three (3) fungi were isolated and identified with highest cumulative frequency of occurrence of 100% (E.aerogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger. The ranges of most of the parameters were found to be comparable to those reported for other African river and are within freshwater limits. However, some are above the WHO standard. Therefore the study concludes that the water should be treated prior to consumption and other human use to improve its quality and forestall waterborne diseases.
Research progress of persistent organic pollutants in water: classification, sources, potential risks, and treatment approaches
Authors: Mandal Aindrila , Senthil Kumar P. , Poorva Cumbakonam Sampathkumar , Srinivasa Raju Lohita , Balasubramani Senthil Rathi , Rangasamy Gayathri 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The occurrence of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in almost every sphere of life and their notorious effects have been a global concern for quite a few decades, regardless of the fact that notable conventions have banned the standard POPs. Control measures and numerous technologies are being researched, but still exhibits challenges to completely curb these chemicals’ destructive effects. The negative impacts of the POPs in terms of environmental and human health are a growing concern. In recent years, studies have proven that the list of POPs keeps increasing, and their concentrations levels are widely varied region wise. The current review presents sources and classification of POPs. Furthermore, the deleterious consequences due to POPs on environment and human health have been illustrated. A few potential methodologies that can be implemented to control the hazardous effects of POPs have been discussed.
Effect of Novel Laser Shoe Photobiomodulation on Neuropathic Pain and Plantar Pressure Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Maiya G. Arun , Jadhav Radhika Aditya , K. Hrishikesh Yadav , H. Manjunatha Hande , Hebbar Harishchandra , Mohan Karthik 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Photobiomodulation (PBM) or Low-level laser is used to treat diabetic
foot complications. The existing method of laser application to the foot did not cover the foot's
entire area to improve the foot's microcirculation. Therefore, we have developed a cost-effective
Special LASER Shoe device, focusing exclusively on the entire foot region to manage neuropathic
pain and other symptoms in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective:
The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of this newly developed
special laser shoe PBM on neuropathic pain and plantar pressure profile in individuals
with type 2 diabetes mellitus with neuropathy.

Methods:
We included 60 participants with diabetic peripheral neuropathy of both genders and
age more than 20 years. Participants were treated with PBM by a specially designed novel Laser
Shoe. Outcomes were clinical variables like Vibration Perception Threshold (VPT), Visual Analogue
Scale (VAS), Michigan neuropathy screening instrument A&B, Ankle-Brachial Index
(ABI), and Static dynamic gait parameters.

Results:
Participants were with an average age of 62, and the average duration of diabetes was
11 years. Analysis showed a significant difference in VPT, VAS, Michigan neuropathic screening
inventory, and ankle-brachial index. (P < 0.05)

Conclusion:
We conclude that Novel laser shoe photobiomodulation using 'Laser Shoe' effectively
reduces peripheral neuropathic pain. It is also effective in reducing average and maximum
plantar pressure. Reduction in neuropathic pain and improvement in plantar pressure distribution
can reduce further complications.
Telemedicine, e-Health, and Digital Health Equity: A Scoping Review
Authors: Petretto Donatella Rita , Carrogu Gian Pietro , Gaviano Luca , Berti Roberta , Pinna Martina , Petretto Andrea Domenico , Pili Roberto 
Published: February 2024

Background
With the progressive digitization of people's lives and in the specific healthcare context, the issue of equity in the healthcare domain has extended to digital environments or e-environments, assuming the connotation of “Digital Health Equity” (DHE). Telemedicine and e-Health, which represent the two main e-environments in the healthcare context, have shown great potential in the promotion of health outcomes, but there can be unintended consequences related to the risk of inequalities. In this paper, we aimed to review papers that have investigated the topic of Digital Health Equity in Telemedicine and e-Health [definition(s), advantages, barriers and risk factors, interventions].

Methods
We conducted a scoping review according to the methodological framework proposed in PRISMA-ScR guidelines on the relationship between Digital Health Equity and Telemedicine and e-Health via Scopus and Pubmed electronic databases. The following inclusion criteria were established: papers on the relationship between Digital Health Equity and Telemedicine and/or e-Health, written in English, and having no time limits. All study designs were eligible, including those that have utilized qualitative and quantitative methods, methodology, or guidelines reports, except for meta-reviews.

Results
Regarding Digital Health Equity in Telemedicine and e-Health, even if there is no unique definition, there is a general agreement on the idea that it is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon. When promoting Digital Health Equity, some people may incur some risk/s of inequities and/or they may meet some obstacles. Regarding intervention, some authors have proposed a specific field/level of intervention, while other authors have discussed multidimensional interventions based on interdependence among the different levels and the mutually reinforcing effects between all of them.

Conclusion
In summary, the present paper has discussed Digital Health Equity in Telemedicine and e-Health. Promoting equity of access to healthcare is a significant challenge in contemporary times and in the near future. While on the one hand, the construct “equity” applied to the health context highlights the importance of creating and sustaining the conditions to allow anyone to be able to reach (and develop) their “health potential”, it also raises numerous questions on “how this can happen”. An overall and integrated picture of all the variables that promote DHE is needed, taking into account the interdependence among the different levels and the mutually reinforcing effects between all of them.