bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appropriate dosage, timing, and site of intramuscular injections of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promote motor recovery after facial nerve injury in rats
Authors: Rink‐Notzon Svenja , Reuscher Jannika , Wollny Laura , Sarikcioglu Levent , Bilmen Süreyya , Manthou Marilena , Gordon Tessa , Angelov Doychin N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsDaily intramuscular injections of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) but not of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) significantly improve whisking behavior and mono‐innervation of the rat levator labii superioris (LLS) muscle 56 days after buccal nerve transection and suture (buccal–buccal anastomosis, BBA). We explored the dose–response of BDNF, FGF2, and insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) on the same parameters, asking whether higher doses of BDNF would promote recovery.MethodsAfter BBA, growth factors were injected (30 μL volume) daily into the LLS muscle over 14, 28, or 56 days. At 56 days, video‐based motion analysis of vibrissal whisking was performed and the extent of mono‐ and poly‐reinnervation of the reinnervated neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) of the muscle determined with immunostaining of the nerve with β‐tubulin and histochemical staining of the endplates with Alexa Fluor 488‐conjugated α‐bungarotoxin.ResultsThe dose–response curve demonstrated significantly higher whisking amplitudes and corresponding increased mono‐innervation of the NMJ in the reinnervated LLS muscle at concentrations of 20–30 μg/mL BDNF administered daily for 14–28 days after BBA surgery. In contrast, high doses of IGF2 and FGF2, or doses of 20 and 40 μg/mL of BDNF administered for 14–56 days had no effect on either whisking behavior or in reducing poly‐reinnervation of endplates in the muscle.DiscussionThese data suggest that the re‐establishment of mono‐innervation of whiskerpad muscles and the improved motor function by injections of BDNF into the paralyzed vibrissal musculature after facial nerve injury have translation potential and promote clinical application.
An AI‐generated proteome‐scale dataset of predicted protein structures for the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi
Authors: Moreland R. Travis , Zhang Suiyuan , Barreira Sofia N. , Ryan Joseph F. , Baxevanis Andreas D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis Dataset Brief describes the computational prediction of protein structures for the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi. Here, we report the proteome‐scale generation of 15,333 protein structure predictions using AlphaFold, as well as an updated implementation of publicly available search, manipulation, and visualization tools for these protein structure predictions through the Mnemiopsis Genome Project Portal (https://research.nhgri.nih.gov/mnemiopsis). The utility of these predictions is demonstrated by highlighting comparisons to experimentally determined structures for the light‐sensitive protein mnemiopsin 1 and the ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR). The application of these novel protein structure prediction methods will serve to further position non‐bilaterian species such as Mnemiopsis as powerful model systems for the study of early animal evolution and human health.
Landrace diversity and heritage of the indigenous millet crop fonio (Digitaria exilis): Socio‐cultural and climatic drivers of change in the Fouta Djallon region of Guinea
Authors: Burton George , Gori Benedetta , Camara Saidou , Ceci Paolo , Conde Nagnouma , Couch Charlotte , Magassouba Sekou , Vorontsova Maria S. , Ulian Tiziana , Ryan Philippa 
Published: February 2024

Societal Impact StatementWhite fonio (Digitaria exilis [Kippist] Stapf) is an understudied millet crop, indigenous to West Africa and cultivated in the region largely through traditional practices. This species is climate‐resilient, fast‐growing, nutritionally rich, and provides livelihoods and food security to rural communities. Through collaboration with smallholder farmers in the Fouta Djallon region, Guinea, this study investigates how the diversity and selection of fonio landraces has changed in living memory. This research provides insight into how climatic and socio‐cultural changes affect the cultivation of fonio varieties and other indigenous crops, and why they should be conserved and further involved in rural development programmes.Summary

The millet crop white fonio (D. exilis) isa staple crop feeding thousands of people across West Africa. The Fouta Djallon highlands region of Guinea is a hotspot for its cultivation, with known high genetic diversity.
Our study utilises data from ethnobotanic interviews and plant specimen and seed collections, working with farmers from 15 communities in this region with the aim to investigate the diversity of landraces and popularity of fonio within the current agricultural systems, in the present, and changes over the past 50 years.
A total of 24 named varieties of fonio were recorded and described, along with other commonly cultivated food crops. This includes two lost varieties now no longer cultivated. We also describe the methods for cultivation, grain processing and food preparation.
The priority and popularity of cultivated fonio landraces, and other crops, has changed, due to the consequences of social and environmental change in living memory. The diversity of fonio landraces are maintained as an adaptation to historical climatic changes, and there is an increasing preference towards varieties with a longer growing period and more reliable high yield to the detriment of early season varieties.
Clinical evaluation of code‐based algorithms to identify patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension in healthcare databases
Authors: Didden Eva‐Maria , Lu Di , Hsi Andrew , Brand Monika , Hedlin Haley , Zamanian Roham T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare subgroup of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Claims and administrative databases can be particularly important for research in rare diseases; however, there is a lack of validated algorithms to identify PAH patients using administrative codes. We aimed to measure the accuracy of code‐based PAH algorithms against the true clinical diagnosis by right heart catheterization (RHC). This study evaluated algorithms in patients who were recorded in two linkable data assets: the Stanford Healthcare administrative electronic health record database and the Stanford Vera Moulton Wall Center clinical PH database (which records each patient's RHC diagnosis). We assessed the sensitivity and specificity achieved by 16 algorithms (six published). In total, 720 PH patients with linked data available were included and 558 (78%) of these were PAH patients. Algorithms consisting solely of a P(A)H‐specific diagnostic code classed all or almost all PH patients as PAH (sensitivity >97%, specificity <12%) while multicomponent algorithms with well‐defined temporal sequences of procedure, diagnosis and treatment codes achieved a better balance of sensitivity and specificity. Specificity increased and sensitivity decreased with increasing algorithm complexity. The best‐performing algorithms, in terms of fewest misclassified patients, included multiple components (e.g., PH diagnosis, PAH treatment, continuous enrollment for ≥6 months before and ≥12 months following index date) and achieved sensitivities and specificities of around 95% and 38%, respectively. Our findings help researchers tailor their choice and design of code‐based PAH algorithms to their research question and demonstrate the importance of including well‐defined temporal components in the algorithms.
Synthesis and Characterization of Anti‐fouling Ultrafiltration Nanocomposite Membranes Integrated with S‐β Zeolite Nanoparticles for Oily Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Mousavi Fakher , Narimani Mostafa , Emadzadeh Daryoush 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMembrane separation has been proven to be highly effective in oily wastewater treatment, although fouling remains a persistent challenge. This study explored the incorporation of S‐β zeolite nanoparticles into an ultrafiltration membrane, forming a nanocomposite to tackle fouling and enhance water flux recovery. Porous nanoparticles were synthesized using sol‐gel and hydrothermal methods, featuring a remarkable surface area of 450 m2/g and pore sizes ranging from 50 to 175 nm according to BET results. These nanoparticles were integrated into the membranes at various concentrations using the phase inversion technique. The presence of S‐zeolite in the membrane was confirmed through FTIR, EDX, and SEM analyses. The S‐β1 nanocomposite membrane demonstrated exceptional antifouling properties, particularly at higher concentrations of oily wastewater. Its outstanding performance is attributed to its enhanced hydrophilicity and average pore size of 13±3 nm, which prevents fouling formation. Compared to other membranes, S‐β1 exhibited remarkable water flux recovery, reaching 100 % at an oil concentration of 50 ppm and 72 % at 1000 ppm. These results highlight the significant advantages of this nanocomposite in reducing fouling and improving the water flux recovery in oily wastewater treatment.
Amperometric Method for Detecting Paracetamol using a Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Vanadium(V) Oxide
Authors: Nagles Edgar , Cardenas‐Riojas Andy A. , Anaya‐Roa Fernando , Roldán‐Tello Luz , Hurtado John J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis new and simple amperometric method takes advantage of the electroactivity of V2O5 in the oxidation of paracetamol (PCM) on a carbon paste electrode (CPE). With the modified electrode (VOX/CPE) the anode peak current for PCM was more than 100 % than that of the unmodified electrode. The electrode surface was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The amperograms were measured at +0.70 V (vs Ag/AgCl), and the calibration curve indicated a detection limit of 0.06 μmol/L and a sensitivity of 1.93 μA/μM cm2. The modified electrode was used in the detection of solid drugs such as PCM tablets and children's syrup with acceptable results.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 3‐Allylindoles from Indolin‐2‐imines and MBH Carbonates via Nucleophilic Catalysis
Authors: Chen Lunfeng , Li Pengfei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith chiral amine (DHQD)2PHAL as nucleophilic catalyst, asymmetric synthesis of enantioenriched 3‐allylindoles was achieved from indolone‐2‐imines and MBH carbonates. Compared with our previous chiral phosphine catalysis, the chiral amine had exactly the opposite effect in terms of enantioselectivity. Importantly, we could obtain each enantiomer by adjusting the catalyst system.
Single Liquid Aerosol Microparticle Electrochemistry on a Suspended Ionic Liquid Film
Authors: Krushinski Lynn E. , Vannoy Kathryn J. , Dick Jeffrey E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLiquid aerosols are ubiquitous in nature, and several tools exist to quantify their physicochemical properties. As a measurement science technique, electrochemistry has not played a large role in aerosol analysis because electrochemistry in air is rather difficult. Here, a remarkably simple method is demonstrated to capture and electroanalyze single liquid aerosol particles with radii on the order of single micrometers. An electrochemical cell is constructed by a microwire (cylindrical working electrode) traversing a film of ionic liquid (1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) that is suspended within a wire loop (reference/counter electrode). An ionic liquid is chosen because the low vapor pressure preserves the film over weeks, vastly improving suspended film electroanalysis. The resultant high surface area allows the suspended ionic liquid cell to act as an aerosol net. Given the hydrophobic nature of the ionic liquid, aqueous aerosol particles do not coalesce into the film. When the liquid aerosols collide with the sufficiently biased microwire (creating a complex boundary: aerosol|wire|ionic liquid|air), the electrochemistry within a single liquid aerosol particle can be interrogated in real‐time. The ability to achieve liquid aerosol size distributions for aerosols over 1 µm in radius is demonstrated.
Polyvinylidene Fluoride Based Piezoelectric Composites with Strong Interfacial Adhesion via Click Chemistry for Self‐Powered Flexible Sensors
Authors: Tu Youlei , Yang Yuliang , Zheng Yu , Guo Shaoyun , Shen Jiabin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAchieving relatively uniform dispersion in organic–inorganic composites with overwhelming differences in surface energy is a perennial challenge. Herein, novel eliminated polyvinylidene fluoride (EPVDF)/EPVDF functionalized barium titanate nanoparticles (EPVDF@BT) flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) with strong interfacial adhesion are developed via thermal stretching following sequential click chemistry. Thanks to the strong interfacial adhesion, the optimal PENGs containing ultra‐high β‐phase content (97.2%) exhibit not only optimized mechanical and dielectric behaviors but also excellent piezoelectric properties with high piezoelectric output (V = 10.7 V, I = 216 nA), reliable durability (8000 cycles), ultrafast response time (20 ms), and good sensitivity (2.09 nA kPa−1), far outperforming most reported PVDF‐based composites. Furthermore, COMSOL finite element simulations (FEM) confirm that the elevated stress transfer efficiency induced by the strong interfacial adhesion is the main driving force for enhanced piezoelectric performances. For practical applications, self‐powered PENGs can simply but stably capture mechanical energy, drive tiny electronic devices, and serve as potential multifunctional and durable sensors for detecting human physiological motions. This work opens a pioneering avenue to break the trade‐offs between piezoelectric and other properties, which is of great importance for developing self‐powered flexible sensors.
Wide‐Temperature and High‐Rate Operation of Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by an Ionic Liquid Functionalized Quasi‐Solid‐State Electrolyte
Authors: Deng Yonghui , Zhao Shunshun , Chen Yong , Wan Shuang , Chen Shimou 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe development of high‐energy‐density solid‐state lithium metal battery has been hindered by the unstable cycling of Ni‐rich cathodes at high rate and limited wide‐temperatures adoptability. In this study, an ionic liquid functionalized quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte (FQSE) is prepared to address these challenges. The FQSE features a semi‐immobilized ionic liquid capable of anchoring solvent molecules through electrostatic interactions, which facilitates Li+ desolvation and reduces deleterious solvent‐cathode reactions. The FQSE exhibits impressive electrochemical characteristics, including high ionic conductivity (1.9 mS cm−1 at 30 °C and 0.2 mS cm−1 at ‐30 °C) and a Li+ transfer number of 0.7. Consequently, Li/NCM811 cells incorporating FQSE demonstrate exceptional stability during high‐rate cycling, enduring 700 cycles at 1 C. Notably, the Li/LFP cells with FQSE maintain high capacity across a wide temperature range, from ‐30 to 60 °C. This research provides a new way to promote the practical application of high‐energy lithium metal batteries.
Accelerating Charge Kinetics in Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction by Modulating the Cobalt Coordination in Heterostructures of Cadmium Sulfide/Metal–Organic Layer
Authors: Su Yanhui , Mu Qiaoqiao , Fan Ningbo , Wei Zhihe , Pan Weiyi , Zheng Zhangyi , Song Daqi , Sun Hao , Lian Yuebin , Xu Bin , Yang Wenjun , Deng Zhao , Peng Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractArtificial photocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2R) holds great promise to directly store solar energy into chemical bonds. The slow charge and mass transfer kinetics at the triphasic solid–liquid–gas interface calls for the rational design of heterogeneous photocatalysts concertedly boosting interfacial charge transfer, local CO2 concentration, and exposure of active sites. To meet these requirements, in this study heterostructures of CdS/MOL (MOL = metal–organic layer) furnishing different redox Co sites are fabricated for CO2R photocatalysts. It is found that the coordination environment of Co is key to photocatalytic activity. The best catalyst ensemble comprising ligand‐chelated Co2+ with the bipyridine electron mediator demonstrates a high CO yield rate of 1523 µmol h−1 gcat−1, selectivity of 95.8% and TON of 1462.4, which are ranked among the best seen in literature. Comprehensive photochemical and electroanalytical characterizations attribute the high CO2R performance to the improved photocarrier separation and charge kinetics originated from the proper energy band alignment and coordination chemistry. This work highlights the construction of 2D heterostructures and modulation of transition metal coordination to expedite the charge kinetics in photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Fibrous MXene Synapse‐Based Biomimetic Tactile Nervous System for Multimodal Perception and Memory
Authors: Ren Shuhui , Wang Kaiyang , Jia Xiaotong , Wang Jiuyang , Xu Jikang , Yang Biao , Tian Ziwei , Xia Ruoxuan , Yu Ding , Jia Yunfang , Yan Xiaobing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiomimetic tactile nervous system (BTNS) inspired by organisms has motivated extensive attention in wearable fields due to its biological similarity, low power consumption, and perception‐memory integration. Though many works about planar‐shape BTNS are developed, few researches could be found in the field of fibrous BTNS (FBTNS) which is superior in terms of strong flexibility, weavability, and high‐density integration. Herein, a FBTNS with multimodal sensibility and memory is proposed, by fusing the fibrous poly lactic acid (PLA)/Ag/MXene/Pt artificial synapse and MXene/EMIMBF4 ionic conductive elastomer. The proposed FBTNS can successfully perceive external stimuli and generate synaptic responses. It also exhibits a short response time (23 ms) and low set power consumption (17 nW). Additionally, the proposed device demonstrates outstanding synaptic plasticity under both mechanical and electrical stimuli, which can simulate the memory function. Simultaneously, the fibrous devices are embedded into textiles to construct tactile arrays, by which biomimetic tactile perception and temporary memory functions are successfully implemented. This work demonstrates the as‐prepared FBTNS can generate biomimetic synaptic signals to serve as artificial feeling signals, it is thought that it could offer a fabric electronic unit integrating with perception and memory for Human‐Computer interaction, and has great potential to build lightweight and comfortable Brain‐Computer interfaces.
Entropy‐Enhanced Multi‐Doping Strategy to Promote the Electrochemical Performance of Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7
Authors: Li Guodong , Cao Yongjie , Chen Jiawei , Zhang Kai , Liu Yajing , Zhang Xiue , Wang Yonggang , Wang Fei , Xia Yongyao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have been regarded as promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage system, and their electrochemical performance is determined by the cathode materials. Recently, the polyanion‐type cathode Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 (NFPP) demonstrates decent performance, while there exists promotion space with respect to its cycle stability and rate capability. Herein, an entropy‐enhanced Na4Fe2.95(NiCoMnMgZn)0.01(PO4)2P2O7 (HE‐NFPP) cathode is proposed with improved rate performance (67.1 mAh g−1 at 50 C) and cycle performance (retention of 92.0% after 1000 cycles at 1 C). The enhancement of configuration entropy improves the structural stability of NFPP thermodynamically. In‐situ XRD illustrates the sodium storage mechanism of HE‐NFPP as an imperfect solid solution reaction driven by Fe2+/Fe3+ redox with a low volume change of 4.0% (90.9% of NFPP). Through doping, the structure distortion and abrupt rearrangement are inhibited. Additionally, HE‐NFPP and hard carbon (HC) are utilized to fabricate pouch cell that demonstrates an average working voltage of 3.0 V and a maximum energy density of 165 Wh kg−1 (based on the total mass of active materials). These results highlight the potential for enhancing the high‐rate and long‐cycle performance of NFPP as a promising cathode for SIBs through an entropy‐enhanced multi‐doping strategy.
Effect of beeswax and petroleum wax on the thermal degradation behavior, kinetics, and thermodynamics of low‐grade coal
Authors: Behera Pragyandeepti , Mahapatra Pabitra Mohan , Sabat Gayatri , Panda Achyut K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe co‐pyrolysis behavior of low‐grade coal with two different feedstocks (beeswax and petroleum wax) at different compositions (w/w) [(75:25), (50:50), (25:75)] is investigated by using a thermogravimetric (TG) analyzer under the non‐isothermal condition at a constant heating rate of 20°C/min from an ambient temperature to 900°C under nitrogen atmosphere. The kinetic and thermodynamic analysis for the thermal decomposition of the sample parameters was carried out by applying the model fitting Coats–Redfern method to the thermogravimetry data of different feedstocks. The activation energy of thermal degradation of coal is found to be 55.8 kJ/mole. A decrease in activation energy is observed by the addition of 25% and 50% waxes in the blended sample and the blended sample with 25% wax and 75% coal has the lowest activation energy. The activation energy for coal‐beeswax blend (75:25) is 35.718 KJ/mol, but it is 34.237 KJ/mol for coal‐petroleum wax blend (75:25). The value of ∆H decreases by the addition of waxes and follows the order (Coal: Feedstock) {(75:25) < (50:50) < (25:75)}, while that of value of ∆S increases by the addition of waxes and follows the order {(75:25) > (50:50) > (25:75)}. However, the value of ΔG does not significantly shift as the blend ratio of the feedstocks is altered. The addition of both feedstocks with the coal sample showed some degree of synergy. The result illustrates that the co‐pyrolysis of coal with wax be energy economical than individual pyrolysis and this study would give precious scope to design a more efficient conversion system.
Rural NEETs: Pathways Through Formal and Non-formal Education
Authors: Flynn Paul , Paabort Heidi , Milenkova Valentina , Bojkovska Katerina , Rocca Antonella , Hačatrjana Liena , Lendzhova Vladislava , Nakova Albena , de Oliveira Rodrigues Marta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFormal and non-formal education often constitute the first line of engagement in supporting Rural young people Not in Employment, nor in Education, or Training (NEET). However, it is not always the case that such interventions are widely documented. This chapter aims to uncover best practice interventions for the educational inclusion of rural NEETs building upon an emergent body of work in order to frame the identification of five case studies across Estonia, Italy, Latvia, Albania, Portugal. EU and non-EU member states were included to offer a diverse set of examples. Based on Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model and data triangulation, elements that prevent rural youth from entering or staying in NEET status were identified. Our work shows that each formal or nonformal education learning intervention or reform mobilizes different levels of the bioecological framework and has an important function in shaping NEETs or at-risk youth support systems. Educational interventions that directly target young people can improve the likelihood of a positive outcome when they are context specific. In addition, these interventions make it possible to see the potential of different educational methods in supporting rural young people, when that contextualization stems directly from the young person’s perspectives and his/her perceived needs.