bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Nano-Particulate Impurities and β-glucans on the Stability of
Protein-Based Formulations
Authors: Satapathy Soumya Ranjan , Sahoo Rudra Narayan , Nayak Amit Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Pharmaceutical grade sugars manufactured under Current Good Manufacturing Practice
(cGMP) and complied with International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) quality standards,
also contain a significant amount of nano-particulate impurities (NPIs). This review will focus
on the origin of NPIs, the mechanism of their interference with Dynamic light scattering (DLS)
and endotoxin tests, filtration technology to effectively reduce the NPIs, methodologies for analytical
quantification of NPIs, guidance for setting the limits of threshold concentration and the
overall impact of NPIs on the therapeutic activity, performance, stability of biopharmaceuticals
and protein-based formulations. NPIs with an average particle size of 100 to 200 nm are present in
sugars and are a combination of various chemicals such as dextrans (with the presence of β-glucans),
ash, inorganic metal salts, aromatic colorants, etc. These NPIs primarily originate from raw materials
and cannot be removed during the sugar refinement process. While it is commonly believed
that filtering the final formulation with a 0.22 μ sterilizing grade filter removes all microbes and
particles, it is important to note that NPIs cannot be filtered using this standard sterile filtration
technology. Exceeding the threshold limit of NPIs can have detrimental effects on formulations
containing proteins, monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs), nucleic acids, and other biopharmaceuticals.
NPIs and β-glucans have a critical impact on the functionality and therapeutic activity of biomolecules
and if present below the threshold limit of reaction, stability and shelf-life of biologics
formulation will be greatly improved and the risk of immunogenic reactions must be significantly
decreased.
Clinical Significance of HHLA2 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for
Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Hongbo , An Zhonghua , Liu Yingzhou , Ding Guanghui , Deng Guojin , Ji Changsheng , Gong Yanling 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a high-indence malignance of the digestive
system with a high mortality rate in the world.

Aim:
The results are desired to provide an important theoretical basis for discovering new therapeutic
targets for CRC.

Objective:
The expression of human endogenous retrovirus-H-long terminal repeat association
protein 2 (HHLA2) in human CRC was detected to explore its correlationship with clinicopathological
features and prognosis of patients and its potential in treating CRC.

Methods:
Western blot was employed to detect HHLA2 expression in fresh tissues obtained from
6 CRC patients' excisions, including cancer, paracancer, and normal issues. Immunohistochemical
staining was employed to determine HHLA2 expression in paraffin-embedded specimens of 139
patients with colorectal cancer, and its relationship with the clinicopathological profiles and survival
was analyzed. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting HHLA2 was used to transfect CRC
cells to silent HHLA2. MTT, plate colony formation, cell scratch, and Transwell assay were conducted
to observe the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells.

Results:
HHLA2 protein was expressed in human colorectal cancer tissues, paracancer tissues and
normal tissues, which was significantly upregulated in cancer tissues (P < 0.01). HHLA2 expression
level in CRC tissues showed a close correlationship with the invasion depth of the tumor (P =
0.000), metastasis of regional lymph nodes (P = 0.018), clinical stage (P = 0.010), and patient survival
(P = 0.011). Correlation with gender (P = 0.873), age (P = 0.864), location of the tumor (P =
0.768), degree of tumor differentiation (P = 0.569) and distant metastasis (P = 0.494) exhibited no
significance. The survival time of CRC patients with high and low HHLA2 expression groups was
43.231 months and 55.649 months, respectively, with a statistical difference between the two
groups (P = 0.001). Silencing HHLA2 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC
cells significantly.

Conclusion:
HHLA2 is overexpressed in CRC tissues which is associated with poor prognosis of
patients. HHLA2 might be recognized as a new candidate for adjuvant diagnosis and prognosis of
CRC, as well as a promised new target for immunotherapy of CRC.
Iodine Status in Cyprus and Neighboring Countries: A Review Article
Authors: Akcan Nese , Zaimagaoglu Ismet 
Published: February 2024

:
Despite the implementation of global iodine supplementation initiatives in the past decade,
the problem of iodine deficiency persists as a significant public health concern in numerous
countries. Although cretinism is now rare in developed countries, iodine deficiency can still lead
to less severe cognitive deficits, which can negatively impact academic achievement, intellectual
capacity, and work productivity. There is a scarcity of studies regarding the status of Cyprus, and
the global database does not have any information pertaining to the prevalence of iodine deficiency
in Cyprus. The geographical setting of the research is of importance as it pertains to the separation
of Cyprus into two distinct areas. One region is predominantly inhabited by Greek Cypriots,
where the practice of salt iodization is not mandatory. Conversely, the other region is primarily inhabited
by Turkish Cypriots, who may potentially experience higher amounts of iodine contact
due to their reliance on food imports from Turkey, where salt-iodisation is compulsory. The main
objective of this study is to provide an overview of recent research conducted on the prevalence of
iodine deficiency in Cyprus and neighboring Mediterranean nations. In this study, we assess the
current method and subsequently offer public health recommendations for future research endeavors.
Persistent Hiccups Shortly after Tramadol Intake: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tharwat Ali Hossam , Emad Mohamed Ziad , Mahmoud Shalaby Mohamed , Leticia Fornari Caprara Ana , Pitton Rissardo Jamir 
Published: February 2024

Background and objective:
Tramadol can inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine
reuptake leading to stimulation of the central component of the hiccup reflex arc. We have found
only two previous cases of tramadol-induced hiccups. Additionally, three pharmacovigilance
studies have investigated the involvement of tramadol in cases who have developed hiccups as
adverse effects. Herein, we have presented a case of a middle-aged male who has developed hiccups
shortly after tramadol intake.

Case Presentation:
A 35-year-old male complaining of chronic pain in the right knee was treated
with tramadol. The individual developed hiccups within 10 hours of the first tramadol dose.
The patient tried to stop the hiccups with non-pharmacological measures, such as stopping the
air inside the lungs and drinking cold fluids. The patient appeared to concentrate on avoiding
hiccups, which he could avoid for some time. However, then, the hiccups would come all at a
unique time. The hiccups occurred at a frequency of one hiccup/5-10 seconds, interrupting the
patient's nutrition and sleep pattern. Eventually, tramadol was suspected of inducing hiccups, and
baclofen was started.

Conclusion:
Tramadol as well as opioids should be considered as a cause of hiccups. We aim to
improve awareness about the safety of such drugs among physicians and the proper management
of associated risks.
Deleterious Biological Effects of Endocrine Disruptors: An Insight into
Human Health Risks
Authors: Lawati Abdullah Al , Hashmi Lubna Al , Aswami Husain Al , Hadhrami Abdulrahman Al , Chin Kok-Yong , Sirasanagandla Srinivasa Rao , Das Srijit 
Published: February 2024

:
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are environmental pollutants. Since EDCs
are present in various consumer products, contamination of human beings is very common.
EDCs have deleterious effects on various systems of the body, especially the endocrine and reproductive systems. EDCs interfere with the synthesis, metabolism, binding, or cellular responses of natural estrogens and alter various pathways. Biological samples such as blood, saliva, milk, placental tissue, and hair are frequently used for biomonitoring and the detection of
EDCs. Early detection and intervention may help in preventing congenital anomalies and birth
defects. The common methods for determining the presence of EDCs in body fluids include gas
chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry. Understanding the health effects and dangers of EDC is important, given their widespread use. This
mini-review aims to summarize the adverse biological effects of several important classes of
EDCs and highlights future perspectives for appropriate control.
A Comprehensive Study of Deep Learning Techniques to Predict
Dissimilar Diseases in Diabetes Mellitus Using IoT
Authors: Balaraju Ramesh , Lakshmanna Kuruva 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
India has evaluated 77 million people with diabetes, which makes it the second most
elaborated disease in the world. Diabetes is a chronic syndrome that occurs with increased sugar
levels in the blood cells. Once diabetes is diagnosed and untreated by physicians, it may affect
the internal organs slowly, so there is a necessity for early prediction. Popular Machine
Learning (ML) techniques existed for the early prediction of diabetes mellitus. A significant
perspective is to be considered in total management by machine learning algorithms, but it is
not a good enough model to predict DMT2. Therefore, Deep learning (DL) models are utilized
to produce enhanced prediction accuracy. The ML methods are evaluated and analyzed distinctly
on the inconspicuous test information. DL is a subpart of ML with many data sets recurrently
used to train the system. IoT was another emerging technology-based Healthcare Monitoring
System (HMS) built to support the vision of patients and doctors in the healthcare domain.
This paper aims to survey ML and DL techniques relevant to Dissimilar Disease prediction
in Diabetes Mellitus. Finally, by doing a study on it, deep learning methods performed
well in predicting the dissimilar diseases related to diabetes and also other disease predictions
using m-IoT devices. This study will contribute to future deep-learning ideas that will assist in
detecting diabetic-related illnesses with greater accuracy.
Impact of MDRs on COVID-19 Patients Among Developing Countries
Authors: Bharadwaj Alok 
Published: February 2024

:
The COVID-19 virus has killed more than 6.3 million people worldwide. The misuse of
antibiotics increased during epidemics, leading to the spread of MDRs. Although antibiotic use is
increasing in both developed and developing countries, the utility level and abuse are higher in developing
countries. This could have negative consequences for the vaccine, especially considering
that many developing countries reported the emergence of many resistant microbes even before the
pandemic. Infectious diseases, social and cultural pressures, and telemedicine facilities can all contribute
to the overuse of antibiotics. The emergence of multidrug resistance is a major concern, especially
in developing countries where health services are already inadequate and diagnostic capacity
and facilities for disease prevention and control are inadequate. This might be the major cause of the
extensive spread of such diseases. Improper waste management and disposal in hospitals and communities
make it easy for clean water to leak from the area, causing many diseases and causing many
antibiotics. The potential for microplastics to be turned into anti-bacterial products is also of particular
concern for low- and middle-income countries. In the present review, we aim to examine the impact
of multidrug resistance in ESKAPE infections coupled with healthcare-associated infections and
determine their risk of secondary infection in COVID-19 patients in low- and middle-income countries
during the COVID-19 epidemic from a multidisciplinary perspective, identify the challenge for
developing countries and seek solutions to solve this problem.
THE IMPACT OF CHAOTIC FLUX REFLECTION FIELD ON HYDROGEN EVOLUTION REACTION OF WATER ELECTROLYSIS
Authors: Nugroho Willy Satrio , Esiliy Rehab Ragay , Purnami Purnami , Sofi'i Yepy Komaril 
Published: February 2024

Water electrolysis promises the capability to produce green hydrogen in the future. The efficiency and hydrogen evolution reaction rate (HER) of water electrolysis can be improved through magnetic field assisted electrolysis. External magnetic field exposure improves hydrogen production without requiring complex catalyst synthesis technique. The purpose of this study is to introduce chaos into a magnetic field assisted electrolysis system which disturbs the water molecules stability. The chaos effect was triggered by irregular flux reflection technique. The flux reflection was generated using diamagnetic tourmaline stones which sticked all over the electrolyzer wall. Consequently, the rotational speed of DMF does not reduce the effectiveness of chaotic flux. As a result, the hydrogen bond of the water molecules is destabilized irregularly. In conjuction with that, the bonds are unable to be reformed which make the water molecules continuously in movement. The critical effect of chaotic flux is the shear force that experienced by water molecules. The paramagnetic OH- ion movement is also slowed down so that H+ ion and electrons interaction were occurred in less restrictive manner. Hence, the chaotic magnetic field able to improve HER. The chaotic flux reflection improves hydrogen production in magnetic field assisted water electrolysis through water properties and ion transfer mechanism modification.
POLARIZATION AND INTERVENTION-BASED P/CVE PROGRAMS IN CANADA
Authors: Thompson Sara K. 
Published: February 2024

On November 13th, 2023, Dr. Sara K. Thompson presented Polarization and Intervention-based P/CVE Programs in Canada for this year’s West Coast Security Conference. The key points discussed were the typology of extremist violence, the processes of radicalization and mobilization to violence, the threat landscape in Canada, past and present (and the impact of social polarization), and the somewhat recent incorporation of prevention/intervention programming into the broader national security apparatus.

Received: 12-12-2023
Revised: 01-29-2024
HYBRIDITY, LAWFARE, AND UNLAWFARE IN THE MARITIME DOMAIN
Authors: Ralby Ian 
Published: February 2024

On November 13, 2023, Dr. Ian Ralby presented Hybridity, Lawfare and Unlawfare in the Maritime Domain for this year’s West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives. The key points discussed were the strategic importance of the maritime domain, usage of hybrid maritime aggression by international antagonists such as China, Iran, and Russia, and strategies for countering these tactics.

Received: 01-14-2024
Revised: 01-26-2024
RUSSIAN INFORMATION WAR
Authors: Miron Maria 
Published: February 2024

On November 14, 2023, Dr. Maria Miron presented the Russian Information War for this year’s West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives. The key points discussed were the origin of the Russian information war, Russia’s objectives, and the actors involved in Russia’s information war.

Received: 01-14-2024
Revised: 01-26-2024
ROLE AND PURPOSE OF NSICOP IN CANADIAN NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Inman Lisa-Marie , Kleniewski Jennifer 
Published: February 2024

On November 17, 2023, Lisa-Marie Inman, Executive Director, Secretariat, and Jennifer Kleniewski, Senior Review Analyst and Team Lead, at the National Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians (NSICOP), presented the Role and Purpose of NSICOP in Canadian National Security for this year’s West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives. The key points discussed were the committee's mandate to provide increased parliamentary oversight over the activities of Canadian intelligence agencies, the content and release of its annual and special reports, and the nonpartisan and representative nature of the committee's composition.

Received: 01-04-2024
Revised: 01-26-2024
CREATIVE STRATEGIES FOR DEALING WITH DISINFORMATION
Authors: Pherson Randolph H. 
Published: February 2024

On November 13, 2023, Randolph H. Pherson presented on Creative Strategies for Dealing with Disinformation for this year’s West Coast Security Conference. The key points discussed were the analytical vulnerabilities that cause readers to fall victim to disinformation, strategies for countering disinformation, and the importance of reframing public perceptions of intelligence analysis.

Received: 01-10-2024
Revised: 01-30-2024
Kajian Penggunaan Suplemen Kesehatan Terhadap Keberhasilan Terapi Covid-19 dengan Komorbid Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rsud Panembahan Senopati Bantul
Authors: Vitara Debby , Estiningsih Daru , Sarwadhamana Raden Jaka 
Published: February 2024

<p><em>Terapi pengobatan COVID-19 dan antidiabetes dapat berpengaruh terhadap kadar gula darah puasa dan nilai SpO2. Penggunaan suplemen kesehatan dinilai mampu menjaga daya tahan tubuh pasien serta meningkatkan keberhasilan terapi pasien jika dilihat dari kriteria klinis dan hasil laboratorium pasien. </em><em>Untuk mengetahui hubungan penggunaan suplemen kesehatan terhadap keberhasilan terapi pasien COVID-19 dengan komorbiditas diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul. </em><em>Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Data diambil secara retrospektif melalui rekam medis pasien dengan diagnosa COVID-19 dan komorbid diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul pada periode Juni-Desember 2021. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling, pada 53 sampel. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik koefisien kontingensi. </em><em>Penggunaan terbanyak suplemen kesehatan adalah Vitamin D 51 (32%), Zink 50 (31%) dan injeksi vitamin C </em><em>(paten)</em><em>29 (18%). Menurut kriteria klinis pasien meninggal sebesar 20 (38%), sembuh sebesar 17 (28%) dan belum sembuh sebesar 15 (28%). Pada metode analisis kontingensi, diperoleh nilai p 0,003 (p&lt;0,005) dan nilai koefisien korelasi (r =0,805). Pasien dengan nilai akhir klinis GD</em><em>P</em><em> &gt;126 mg/dl sebanyak 46 (87%), RR&gt; 20x/menit sebanyak 39(74%) dan SpO2 normal sebanyak 34 (64%). </em><em>Terdapat hubungan secara klinis antara </em><em>penggunaan suplemen kesehatan</em><em> dengan keberhasilan terapi </em><em>COVID-19 dengan komorbid diabetes mellitus tipe 2.</em></p>
The Development and Use of a New Visual Tool (REVISIT) to Support Participant Recall: Web-Based Interview Study Among Older Adults
Authors: Dryden Eileen M , Anwar Chitra , Conti Jennifer , Boudreau Jacqueline H , Kennedy Meaghan A , Hung William W , Nearing Kathryn A , Pimentel Camilla B , Moo Lauren 
Published: February 2024

Background
Qualitative health services research often relies on semistructured or in-depth interviews to develop a deeper understanding of patient experiences, motivations, and perspectives. The quality of data gathered is contingent upon a patient’s recall capacity; yet, studies have shown that recall of medical information is low. Threats to generating rich and detailed interview data may be more prevalent when interviewing older adults.

Objective
We developed and studied the feasibility of using a tool, Remembering Healthcare Encounters Visually and Interactively (REVISIT), which has been created to aid the recall of a specific telemedicine encounter to provide health services research teams with a visual tool, to improve qualitative interviews with older adults.

Methods
The REVISIT visual appointment summary was developed to facilitate web-based interviews with our participants as part of an evaluation of a geriatric telemedicine program. Our primary aims were to aid participant recall, maintain focus on the index visit, and establish a shared understanding of the visit between participants and interviewers. The authors’ experiences and observations developing REVISIT and using it during videoconference interviews (N=16) were systematically documented and synthesized. We discuss these experiences with REVISIT and suggest considerations for broader implementation and future research to expand upon this preliminary work.

Results
REVISIT enhanced the interview process by providing a focus and catalyst for discussion and supporting rapport-building with participants. REVISIT appeared to support older patients’ and caregivers’ recollection of a clinical visit, helping them to share additional details about their experience. REVISIT was difficult to read for some participants, however, and could not be used for phone interviews.

Conclusions
REVISIT is a promising tool to enhance the quality of data collected during interviews with older, rural adults and caregivers about a health care encounter. This novel tool may aid recall of health care experiences for those groups for whom it may be more challenging to collect accurate, rich qualitative data (eg, those with cognitive impairment or complex medical care), allowing health services research to include more diverse patient experiences.
Health-related quality of life of oral health workers in primary health care in Salvador, Brazil
Authors: Silva Juliane Kely Fagundes , Carvalho Fernando Martins , Azevedo Carolina Franco de , Vianna Maria Isabel Pereira , Cangussu Maria Cristina Teixeira , Lins-Kusterer Liliane 
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to determine the level of and identify factors associated with the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of oral health professionals working in primary health care in Brazil. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 96 dentists and 65 dental assistants working in the Family Health Strategy in six municipalities in the metropolitan area of Salvador, Brazil. HRQoL was evaluated using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). Higher mean scores in the SF-36 Physical Component Summary were associated with younger age, post-graduate education in public health, and frequent leisure time. The Mental Component Summary was associated with frequent leisure time, >40 weekly working hours, suitable dental offices, satisfaction with colleagues, and satisfaction with working in primary health care. In conclusion, the HRQoL level of oral health professionals working in primary health care in Brazil was comparable to those found in the available literature and associated with several modifiable factors. Incidentally, a literature search found very few studies about the HRQoL of oral health workers that use the SF-36 and those found were produced outside the main scientific centers.