bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical and Infrared Counterparts of the X-Ray Sources Detected in the Chandra Cygnus OB2 Legacy Survey
Authors: Guarcello M. G. , Drake J. J. , Wright N. J. , Naylor T. , Flaccomio E. , Kashyap V. L. , García-Alvarez D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The young massive OB association Cygnus OB2, in the Cygnus X complex, is the closest (∼1400 pc) star-forming region to the Sun hosting thousands of young low-mass stars and up to 1000 OB stars, among which are some of the most massive stars known in our Galaxy. This region holds great importance for several fields of modern astrophysics, such as the study of the physical properties of massive and young low-mass stars and the feedback provided by massive stars on star and planet formation processes. Cyg OB2 has been recently observed with Chandra/ACIS-I as part of the 1.08 Ms Chandra Cygnus OB2 Legacy Project. This survey detected 7924 X-ray sources in a square degree area centered on Cyg OB2. Since a proper classification and study of the observed X-ray sources also requires the analysis of their optical and infrared counterparts, we combined a large and deep set of optical and infrared catalogs available for this region with our new X-ray catalog. In this paper we describe the matching procedure and present the combined catalog containing 5703 sources. We also briefly discuss the nature of the X-ray sources with optical and infrared counterparts using their position in the color–magnitude and color–color diagrams.
Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Cygnus OB2 Association
Authors: Albacete-Colombo J. F. , Drake J. J. , Flaccomio E. , Wright N. J. , Kashyap V. , Guarcello M. G. , Briggs K. , Drew J. E. , Fenech D. M. , Micela G. , McCollough M. , Prinja R. K. , Schneider N. , Sciortino S. , Vink J. S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present a large-scale study of diffuse X-ray emission in the nearby massive stellar association Cygnus OB2 as part of the Chandra Cygnus OB2 Legacy Program. We used 40 Chandra X-ray ACIS-I observations covering ∼1.0 deg2. After removing 7924 point sources detected in our survey and applying adaptive smoothing to the background-corrected X-ray emission, the adaptive smoothing reveals large-scale diffuse X-ray emission. Diffuse emission was detected in the subbands soft (0.5−1.2 keV) and medium (1.2−2.5 keV) and marginally in the hard (2.5−7.0 keV) band. From X-ray spectral analysis of stacked spectra we compute a total (0.5–7.0 keV) diffuse X-ray luminosity of

L
X
diff

≈

4.2 × 1034 erg s−1, characterized by plasma temperature components at kT ≈ 0.11, 0.40, and 1.18 keV, respectively. The H i absorption column density corresponding to these temperatures has a distribution consistent with N
H = (0.43, 0.80, 1.39) × 1022 cm−2. The extended medium-band energy emission likely arises from O-type stellar winds thermalized by wind−wind collisions in the most populated regions of the association, while the soft-band emission probably arises from less energetic termination shocks against the surrounding interstellar medium. Supersoft and soft diffuse emission appears more widely dispersed and intense than the medium-band emission. The diffuse X-ray emission is generally spatially coincident with low-extinction regions that we attribute to the ubiquitous influence of powerful stellar winds from massive stars and their interaction with the local interstellar medium. Diffuse X-ray emission is volume filling, rather than edge brightened, oppositely to other star-forming regions. We reveal the first observational evidence of X-ray halos around some evolved massive stars.
X-Ray Spectral Characterization of the Young Cygnus OB2 Population
Authors: Flaccomio E. , Albacete-Colombo J. F. , Drake J. J. , Guarcello M. G. , Kashyap V. , Wright N. J. , Briggs K. , Ercolano B. , McCollough M. , Sciortino S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We analyze the X-ray spectra of the ∼8000 sources detected in the Cygnus OB2 Chandra Legacy Survey (this focus issue), with the goals of characterizing the coronal plasma of the young low-mass stars in the region and estimating their intrinsic X-ray luminosities. We adopt two different strategies for X-ray sources for which more or less than 20 photons were detected. For the brighter sample we fit the spectra with absorbed isothermal models. In order to limit uncertainties, for most of the fainter Cygnus OB2 members in this sample we constrain the spectral parameters to characteristic ranges defined from the brightest stars. For X-ray sources with <20 net photons we adopt a conversion factor from detected photon flux to intrinsic flux. This was defined, building on the results for the previous sample, as a function of the 20% quantile of the detected photon energy distributions, which we prove to also correlate well with extinction. We then use the X-ray extinction from the spectral fits to constrain the ratio between optical and X-ray extinction toward Cyg OB2, finding it consistent with standard “Galactic” values, when properly accounting for systematics. Finally, we exploit the large number of sources to constrain the average coronal abundances of several elements, through two different ensemble analyses of the X-ray spectra of low-mass Cyg OB2 members. We find the pattern of abundances to be largely consistent with that derived for the young stellar coronae in the Orion Nebula Cluster.
Photoevaporation and Close Encounters: How the Environment around Cygnus OB2 Affects the Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Guarcello M. G. , Drake J. J. , Wright N. J. , Albacete-Colombo J. F. , Clarke C. , Ercolano B. , Flaccomio E. , Kashyap V. , Micela G. , Naylor T. , Schneider N. , Sciortino S. , Vink J. S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In our Galaxy, star formation occurs in a variety of environments, with a large fraction of stars formed in clusters hosting massive stars. OB stars have an important feedback on the evolution of protoplanetary disks orbiting around nearby young stars and likely on the process of planet formation occurring in them. The nearby massive association Cyg OB2 is an outstanding laboratory to study this feedback. It is the closest massive association to our Sun and hosts hundreds of massive stars and thousands of low-mass members, both with and without disks. In this paper, we analyze the spatial variation of the disk fraction (i.e., the fraction of cluster members bearing a disk) in Cyg OB2 and study its correlation with the local values of far-ultraviolet (FUV) and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation fields and the local stellar surface density. We present definitive evidence that disks are more rapidly dissipated in the regions of the association characterized by intense local UV fields and large stellar density. In particular, the FUV radiation dominates disk dissipation timescales in the proximity (i.e., within 0.5 pc) of the O stars. In the rest of the association, EUV photons potentially induce a significant mass loss from the irradiated disks across the entire association, but the efficiency of this process is reduced at increasing distances from the massive stars owing to absorption by the intervening intracluster material. We find that disk dissipation due to close stellar encounters is negligible in Cyg OB2 and likely to have affected 1% or fewer of the stellar population. Disk dissipation is instead dominated by photoevaporation. We also compare our results to what has been found in other young clusters with different massive populations, concluding that massive associations like Cyg OB2 are potentially hostile to protoplanetary disks but that the environments where disks can safely evolve in planetary systems are likely quite common in our Galaxy.
Classification of Chandra X-Ray Sources in Cygnus OB2
Authors: Kashyap Vinay L. , Guarcello Mario G. , Wright Nicholas J. , Drake Jeremy J. , Flaccomio Ettore , Aldcroft Tom L. , Albacete Colombo Juan F. , Briggs Kevin , Damiani Francesco , Drew Janet E. , Martin Eduardo L. , Micela Giusi , Naylor Tim , Sciortino Salvatore 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We have devised a predominantly Naive Bayes−based method to classify X-ray sources detected by Chandra in the Cygnus OB2 association into members, foreground objects, and background objects. We employ a variety of X-ray, optical, and infrared characteristics to construct likelihoods using training sets defined by well-measured sources. Combinations of optical photometry from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (riz) and Isaac Newton Telescope Photometric Hα Survey (r

I

i

I
Hα), infrared magnitudes from United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Deep Sky Survey and Two-Micron All Sky Survey (JHK), X-ray quantiles and hardness ratios, and estimates of extinction A

v
are used to compute the relative probabilities that a given source belongs to one of the classes. Principal component analysis is used to isolate the best axes for separating the classes for the photometric data, and Gaussian component separation is used for X-ray hardness and extinction. Errors in the measurements are accounted for by modeling as Gaussians and integrating over likelihoods approximated as quartic polynomials. We evaluate the accuracy of the classification by inspection and reclassify a number of sources based on infrared magnitudes, the presence of disks, and spectral hardness induced by flaring. We also consider systematic errors due to extinction. Of the 7924 X-ray detections, 5501 have a total of 5597 optical/infrared matches, including 78 with multiple counterparts. We find that ≈6100 objects are likely association members, ≈1400 are background objects, and ≈500 are foreground objects, with an accuracy of 96%, 93%, and 80%, respectively, with an overall classification accuracy of approximately 95%.
Climate and Air Quality Indices for the European Social Survey
Authors: Orten Hilde , Rayner David , Stavestrand Eirik , Alfredsson Iris , Lace Ilze , Vipavc Brvar Irena , Dolinar Maja , Wackerow Joachim , Clark Hannah 
Published: October 2023

Knowledge of how personal experience with climate and air quality influence personal attitudes, concerns, and actions about environmental issues is increasingly important. A solid foundation for such studies is to combine interview or survey data on respondents&rsquo; attitudes and beliefs with indices created from independent meteorological or environmental monitoring data matched to the respondents location.
In this project, &nbsp;indicators of climate and air pollution were integrated with data from the European Social Survey for a selection of large European urban regions. A prototype provenance description application was also developed for describing the workflow for creating indicators and integrating data.
Our main focus was on creating indicators that represent regional anomalies in local air quality and weather for a range of time windows up-to-and-including the dates of the interviews. The goal is to facilitate investigation of relationships between urban citizen&rsquo;s attitudes and behaviors as represented in the survey responses and the conditions in their local environment. &nbsp;
Australia’s east coast humpback whales: Satellite tag-derived movements on breeding grounds, feeding grounds and along the northern and southern migration
Authors: Andrews-Goff Virginia , Gales Nick , Childerhouse Simon , Laverick Sarah , Polanowski Andrea , Double Michael 
Published: October 2023

Satellite tags were deployed on 50 east Australian humpback whales (breeding stock E1) in 2008, 2009, and 2010 on their southward migration, northward migration, and feeding grounds in order to identify and describe migratory pathways, feeding grounds, and possible calving areas. At the time, these movements were not well understood, and calving grounds were not clearly identified. To the best of our knowledge, this dataset details all long-term, implantable tag deployments that have occurred to date on breeding stock E1. As such, this data provides researchers, regulators, and industry with clear and valuable insight into the spatial and temporal nature of humpback whale movement along the eastern coastline of Australia and into the Southern Ocean. As this population of humpback whales navigates an increasingly complex habitat undergoing various development pressures and anthropogenic disturbances, in addition to climate-mediated changes in their marine environment, this dataset may also provide a valuable baseline.
At the time these tracks were generated, these were the first satellite tag deployments intended to deliver long-term, detailed movement information on east Australian (breeding stock E1) humpback whales. The tracking data revealed previously unknown migratory pathways into the Southern Ocean, with 11 individuals tracked to their Antarctic feeding grounds. Once assumed to head directly south on their southern migration, five individuals initially travelled west towards New Zealand. Six tracks detailed the coastal movement of humpback whales migrating south. One tag transmitted a partial southern migration, then ceased transmissions only to begin transmitting eight months later as the animal was migrating north. Northern migration to breeding grounds was detailed for 13 individuals, with four tracks including turning points and partial southern migrations. Another 14 humpback whales were tagged in Antarctica, providing detailed Antarctic feeding ground movements.
Broadly speaking, the tracking data revealed a pattern of movement where whales were at their northern limit in July and their southern limit in March. Migration north was most rapid across the months of May and June, whilst migration south was most rapid between November and December. Tagged humpback whales were located on their Antarctic feeding grounds predominantly between January and May and approached their breeding grounds between July and August. Tracking distances ranged from 68 km to 8580 km and 1 to 286 days. To the best of our knowledge, this dataset compiles all of the long-term tag deployments that have occurred to date on breeding stock E1.
Les écrans sont-ils des tiers ?
Authors: Marcelli Daniel 
Published: October 2023

Un marteau tenu par une main enfonce un clou. Ce marteau est-il un tiers entre la main et le clou ? Dans une logique formelle, peut-être. Dans l’ordre des relations humaines certainement pas : le tiers est là pour ouvrir une relation, éviter l’enfermement dyadique. Dans ces conditions, les écrans et les logiciels qui les accompagnent peuvent-ils être considérés comme des tiers ? Après avoir rappelé quelques données épidémiologiques sur la consommation quantitative et qualitative de ces écrans, cet article tente de déconstruire les multiples usages des écrans en distinguant ce qui relève de l’outil augmentant les compétences de l’utilisateur tout comme le marteau augmente la force de la main et ce qui relève des usages ludiques. Entre les deux, l’économie de l’attention, discipline née avec les écrans, dévoile son objectif essentiel : capter l’attention. Aussi plus qu’un tiers, l’écran fonctionne d’abord et avant tout comme un miroir au service de cette capture.
Une « chaise vide » pour travailler avec les familles affectées par une maladie neuro-évolutive
Authors: Ballarin-Chamillard Emmanuelle 
Published: October 2023

La thérapie par l’externalisation est issue des thérapies narratives proposées dans les années 80. Cette approche consiste pour le thérapeute à veiller dans sa narration à dissocier le patient du problème pour lequel il consulte, et à le considérer comme une entité à part entière. L’objet de cet article est de montrer la manière d’utiliser cette pratique clinique avec des familles touchées par une maladie neuro-évolutive telle que la maladie de Parkinson. Nous illustrerons le propos à partir d’une vignette clinique décrivant l’utilisation de la chaise vide comme objet flottant pour restituer une place de sujet pensant au patient désigné. Cette démarche thérapeutique permet d’activer les compétences de la famille à penser et agir la souffrance de chacun.
Yearly Occurrence and Seasonality of Neuro-ophthalmic Manifestations of Pediatric Lyme Disease
Authors: Silverstein Marlee , Jordan Catherine O. , Aylward Shawn C. , Inger Hilliary 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To review the neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of Lyme disease at a central Ohio pediatric tertiary care center.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed as having Lyme disease from September 2015 to September 2020 was completed. Demographic information, diagnosis dates, and manifestations of Lyme disease were recorded. Patients were excluded for age older than 18 years or lack of corroborated Lyme disease diagnosis. Descriptive statistics were performed.

Results:
Of the 212 cases of pediatric Lyme disease reviewed, 50 patients had neuroborreliosis. The data showed an increase in Lyme disease and neuroborreliosis cases from 2018 to 2020, with a preponderance of diagnoses in the summer months. Twenty-four patients had meningitis, and 6 of these patients (25%) were diagnosed as having bilateral optic disc edema that was clinically consistent with intracranial hypertension.

Conclusions:
Papilledema in the setting of Lyme meningitis may be more common than previously reported in central Ohio. If Lyme disease meningitis is suspected, an opening pressure should be recorded at the time of lumbar puncture and, if elevated, an ophthalmologic evaluation for optic nerve edema is indicated.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(3):179–182.]
Efficacy of Topical Timolol Eye Drops in Treatment of Myopic Regression After Small Incision Lenticule Extraction: A Case Report
Authors: Wu Jiawei , Xiong Lu , Zhang Bo , Wang Zheng 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To describe a patient with high myopia who experienced slight myopic regression twice during follow-up after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), which can be eased by topical treatment of timolol.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
Six months after a SMILE procedure for high myopia in both eyes, the patient's uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 0.8 and both eyes lost one line compared to preoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) by myopic shift, which was accompanied by central corneal epithelial thickening. After 2 months of treatment with topical timolol eye drops, the UDVA improved two more lines with flattened corneal curvature and thinned epithelial thickness. After 5 months without timolol treatment, he lost two lines of UDVA again with thicker epithelial thickness. After another 2 months of treatment with timolol, the epithelial thickness could be seen to have thinned month by month, and the UDVA improved two or more lines. There was no notable myopic shift in both eyes for the next 3 months with medication withdrawal. During the whole follow-up period, the change in corneal and epithelial thickness remarkably fluctuated with the timolol treatment, but the posterior corneal curvature was stable.

Conclusions:
This case report describes refractive regression that can repeatedly occur in the middle and long term after a SMILE procedure for high myopia, which could be correlated with the thickening of the central corneal epithelium. Treatment with timolol eye drops can help to improve visual acuity by thinning the compensated epithelial thickness to flatten corneal curvature.

[
Journal of Refractive Surgery Case Reports.
2023;3(4):e47–e52.]
Las cubiertas planas de tierra en la comarca del Campo de Cartagena (España). Caracterización material y definición constructiva
Authors: La Spina Vincenzina , Navarro-Moreno David , Martínez Gil Joaquín 
Published: October 2023

La ejecución de cubiertas planas de tierra ha sido una técnica frecuente en el Mediterráneo. El Campo de Cartagena no queda ajeno a esta práctica, empleándose una tierra local conocida como láguena. Aunque las cubiertas planas de tierra han sido objeto de diversos estudios, ninguno ha abordado de forma conjunta y monográfica sus características materiales y constructivas en esta comarca. El objetivo del artículo es identificar sus particularidades, tanto materiales, mediante la caracterización química y mineralógica de la láguena, como técnicas, a partir de las soluciones constructivas identificadas. La metodología seguida se fundamenta en una investigación histórica, una toma de datos in situ y un estudio de laboratorio. Los resultados confirman que la láguena procede de la meteorización de la filita, atribuyendo su coloración violácea al óxido férrico. Además, corroboran su empleo desde la Antigüedad hasta el s.XX y han permitido establecer similitudes constructivas con otras zonas del ámbito español.
Korelasi Prososial Dan Religiusitas Dengan Perilaku Remaja Dalam Gerakan Menghafal “100 Hadits Populer Untuk Hafalan” Pada Pondok Pesantren Syiar Islam
Authors: Yahya Arifah , Rahman Hardianto , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin , Rahmatullah Rahmatullah 
Published: October 2023

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui apakah ada korelasi prososial dengan perilaku remaja dalam gerakan menghafal “100 Hadits Populer untuk Hafalan” pada Pondok Pesantren Syiar Islam, 2) mengetahui apakah ada korelasi religiusitas dengan perilaku remaja dalam gerakan menghafal “100 Hadits Populer untuk Hafalan” pada Pondok Pesantren Syiar Islam, dan 3) mengetahui apakah ada korelasi prososial dan religiusitas dengan perilaku remaja dalam gerakan menghafal “100 Hadits Populer untuk Hafalan” pada Pondok Pesantren Syiar Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua remaja Pondok Pesantren Syiar Islam yang berjumlah 140 orang. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 110. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) ada korelasi prososial dengan perilaku remaja dalam gerakan menghafal “100 Hadits Populer untuk Hafalan” pada Pondok Pesantren Syiar Islam, dengan kriteria hubungan adalah lemah dengan nilai rhitung > rtabel yaitu 0, 369 > 0,186 dan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti H1 diterima H0 ditolak, 2) ada korelasi religiusitas dengan perilaku remaja dalam gerakan menghafal “100 Hadits Populer untuk Hafalan” pada Pondok Pesantren Syiar Islam, dengan kriteria hubungan adalah sangat kuat dengan nilai rhitung > rtabel yaitu 0, 958 > 0,186 dengan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti H1 diterima H0 ditolak, dan 3) ada korelasi prososial dan religiusitas dengan perilaku remaja dalam gerakan menghafal “100 Hadits Populer untuk Hafalan” pada Pondok Pesantren Syiar Islam, dengan kriteria hubungan adalah sangat kuat dengan nilai rhitung > rtabel yaitu 0,958 > 0,186 dengan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti H1 diterima H0 ditolak.