bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crowd‐sourced and incentive driven UAV system to assist with network slices
Authors: Bouzid Tarek , Chaib Noureddine , Bensaad Mohamed Lahcen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOwing to their flexibility, fast deployment, increasing affordability, and numerous application opportunities, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) became an undisputed target of studies and research to discover and exploit the immense opportunities they provide. Moreover, network slicing is a critical enabler for 5G and beyond. Network slices guarantee certain network user expectations such as data rate and latency thresh‐holds. There is no doubt that crowd‐sourced and incentive driven solutions are on the rise. Crowd‐sourcing allowed companies and organizations both small and large to gather data and perform other large‐scale tasks with minimum expenses and maintenance. Indeed, the major concerns for 5G and network slicing are guaranteeing high throughput, reliability, and latency. With data rates being the most important attribute for common regular users, that is, mobile devices, video streaming, navigation, and content consumption. As a result, the focus of this work is to utilize crowd‐sourced UAVs in an incentive driven network slice assistance system to extend coverage and provide mobile users with the high throughput they require. This work presents some basic 5G cellular radio access technologies and network slicing background and proposes a novel system, namely UAV slice assistance (UAVSA), and its hybrid alternative version: UAV hybrid slice assistance (UAVHSA). The hybrid mode combines benefits from the proposed UAVSA system and the traditional base station (BS) system. The proposed algorithms address the issue of coverage and guaranteeing high data rate slices for users. The proposed systems maximize satisfaction rate of network slice users. Moreover, all systems are extensively tested and compared in various scenarios to determine their performance and provide a coherent study. Finally, future works and opportunities are highlighted in conclusion.
Catalytic and biocatalytic degradation of microplastics
Authors: Zandieh Mohamad , Griffiths Erin , Waldie Alexander , Li Shuhuan , Honek John , Rezanezhad Fereidoun , Van Cappellen Philippe , Liu Juewen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a surge in annual plastic production, which has contributed to growing environmental challenges, particularly in the form of microplastics. Effective management of plastic and microplastic waste has become a critical concern, necessitating innovative strategies to address its impact on ecosystems and human health. In this context, catalytic degradation of microplastics emerges as a pivotal approach that holds significant promise for mitigating the persistent effects of plastic pollution. In this article, we critically explored the current state of catalytic degradation of microplastics and discussed the definition of degradation, characterization methods for degradation products, and the criteria for standard sample preparation. Moreover, the significance and effectiveness of various catalytic entities, including enzymes, transition metal ions (for the Fenton reaction), nanozymes, and microorganisms are summarized. Finally, a few key issues and future perspectives regarding the catalytic degradation of microplastics are proposed.
All politics starts local: Liability of stateness and subnational labor markets
Authors: Li Cheng , Meyer Klaus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryState‐controlled acquirers face a liability of stateness (LoS) because host country stakeholders consider them less legitimate and as representatives of foreign political power. We argue that due to LoS, state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) face more regulatory scrutiny in cross‐border acquisitions than comparable private‐owned enterprises (POEs). Applying a voting behavior perspective, we further posit this increased regulatory scrutiny is reduced when acquisitions occur via intermediaries, and in host communities less averse to state ownership due to local labor conditions. Using a sample of cross‐border acquisitions with acquirers from 44 economies and targets in 50 US states, we find that SOEs are 9% more likely to attract additional regulatory scrutiny than POEs. However, this likelihood decreases with indirect acquisitions and in host regions with high unemployment.Managerial SummaryState‐owned enterprises experience challenges in their cross‐border acquisitions because people in host societies do not trust them. As a result, regulatory authorities, such as CFIUS in the United States, subject foreign SOE acquirers to greater scrutiny. However, by acquiring foreign firms through subsidiaries rather than through parent organizations, the state influence becomes less visible, resulting in less regulatory scrutiny. Moreover, local stakeholders are concerned with economic opportunities in their local area, which they prioritize over ideological concerns at time of economic crisis. Consequently, SOE acquirers face less additional scrutiny in local communities with high unemployment. Thus, SOE acquirers can work with local communities to overcome the negative perception they encounter when entering foreign markets.
Hysterectomy, oophorectomy and risk of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Luo Juhua , Hendryx Michael , Rohan Thomas E. , Saquib Nazmus , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Su Le , Hosgood Dean , Schnatz Peter F. , Qi Lihong , Anderson Garnet L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHysterectomy is associated with an increased risk for adverse health outcomes. However, its connection to the risk of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) remains unclear. The aims of our study were to investigate the associations between hysterectomy, oophorectomy and risk of NHL and its major subtypes (eg, diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma [DLBCL]), and whether these associations were modified by exogenous hormone use. Postmenopausal women (n = 141,621) aged 50–79 years at enrollment (1993–1998) from the Women's Health Initiative were followed for an average of 17.2 years. Hysterectomy and oophorectomy were self‐reported at baseline. Incident NHL cases were confirmed by central review of medical records and pathology reports. During the follow‐up period, a total of 1719 women were diagnosed with NHL. Hysterectomy, regardless of oophorectomy status, was associated with an increased risk of NHL (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.44). Oophorectomy was not independently associated with NHL risk after adjusting for hysterectomy. When stratified by hormone use, the association between hysterectomy and NHL risk was confined to women who had never used hormone therapy (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.06–1.71), especially for DLBCL subtype (P for interaction = .01), and to those who had undergone hysterectomy before the age of 55. Our large prospective study showed that hysterectomy was a risk factor of NHL. Findings varied by hormone use. Future studies incorporating detailed information on the types and indications of hysterectomy may deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying DLBCL development and its potential interactions with hormone use.
Preoperative Subtyping of WHO Grade 1 Meningiomas Using a Single‐Shot Ultrafast MR T2 Mapping
Authors: Li Zongye , Zhang Hongyan , Wang Xiao , Yang Yijie , Zhang Yue , Zhuang Yuchuan , Wei Zhiliang , Yang Qinqin , Gao Eryuan , Zhang Yong , Cai Shuhui , Chen Zhong , Cai Congbo , Bao Jianfeng , Cheng Jingliang 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundMeningioma subtype is crucial in treatment planning and prognosis delineation, for grade 1 meningiomas. T2 relaxometry could provide detailed microscopic information but is often limited by long scanning times.PurposeTo investigate the potential of T2 maps derived from multiple overlapping‐echo detachment imaging (MOLED) for predicting meningioma subtypes and Ki‐67 index, and to compare the diagnostic efficiency of two different region‐of‐interest (ROI) placements (whole‐tumor and contrast‐enhanced, respectively).Study TypeProspective.Phantom/SubjectsA phantom containing 11 tubes of MnCl2 at different concentrations, eight healthy volunteers, and 75 patients with grade 1 meningioma.Field Strength/Sequence3 T scanner. MOLED, T2‐weighted spin‐echo sequence, T2‐dark‐fluid sequence, and postcontrast T1‐weighted gradient echo sequence.AssessmentTwo ROIs were delineated: the whole‐tumor area (ROI1) and contrast‐enhanced area (ROI2). Histogram parameters were extracted from T2 maps. Meningioma subtypes and Ki‐67 index were reviewed by a neuropathologist according to the 2021 classification criteria.Statistical TestsLinear regression, Bland–Altman analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis, independent t test, Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test with Bonferroni correction, and multivariate logistic regression analysis with the P‐value significance level of 0.05.ResultsThe MOLED T2 sequence demonstrated excellent accuracy for phantoms and volunteers (Meandiff = −1.29%, SDdiff = 1.25% and Meandiff = 0.36%, SDdiff = 2.70%, respectively), and good repeatability for volunteers (average coefficient of variance = 1.13%; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.877). For both ROI1 and ROI2, T2 variance had the highest area under the curves (area under the ROC curve = 0.768 and 0.761, respectively) for meningioma subtyping. There was no significant difference between the two ROIs (P = 0.875). Significant correlations were observed between T2 parameters and Ki‐67 index (r = 0.237–0.374).Data ConclusionMOLED T2 maps can effectively differentiate between meningothelial, fibrous, and transitional meningiomas. Moreover, T2 histogram parameters were significantly correlated with the Ki‐67 index.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 2
Robustness of Quantitative Diffusion Metrics from Four Models: A Prospective Study on the Influence of Scan‐Rescans, Voxel Size, Coils, and Observers
Authors: Zhong Jingyu , Liu Xianwei , Hu Yangfan , Xing Yue , Ding Defang , Ge Xiang , Song Yang , Wang Silian , Chen Liwei , Zhu Ying , Lu Wenjie , Zhang Huan , Yao Weiwu 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundQuantitative diffusion metrics provide additional microstructural information of diseases. The robustness of quantitative diffusion metrics should be established before clinical application.PurposeTo evaluate the variability and reproducibility of quantitative diffusion MRI metrics.Study TypeProspective.Population14 volunteers (7 men; median age, range, 28, 26–59 years).Field strength/Sequence3.0‐T/Diffusion spectrum imaging.AssessmentBrain MRI studies were performed four times per subject: involving different combinations of coil types and voxel sizes. Regions of interest of 13 brain anatomical sites were drawn by one observer twice and another observer once to allow interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility assessment. Twenty‐five quantitative metrics were calculated using four diffusion models.Statistical TestsThe variability was evaluated with coefficients of variation (CV), and quartile coefficient of dispersion (QCD). The reproducibility was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the influence of factors on robustness of quantitative diffusion metrics. A two‐tailed P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe variability of quantitative diffusion metrics showed CV of 2.4%–68.2%, and QCD of 0.6%–48.2%, respectively. The reproducibility of scans using 20‐channel coils with voxels of 2 × 2 × 2 mm3 and 3 × 3 × 3 mm3, respectively (ICC 0.03–0.84, CCC 0.03–0.84) was significantly worse than that of repeated scans using a 20‐channel coil with a voxel size of 2 × 2 × 2 mm3 (ICC of 0.74–0.97, CCC 0.74–0.97) and that of scans using 20‐ and 64‐channel coils, respectively, with a voxel size of 2 × 2 × 2 mm3 (ICC 0.59–0.95, CCC 0.59–0.95). The intraobserver reproducibility (ICC 0.49–0.94, CCC 0.49–0.94) was significantly better than the interobserver reproducibility (ICC 0.28–0.91, CCC 0.28–0.91).Data ConclusionOur study indicated that the voxel size has a greater influence on the reproducibility of quantitative diffusion metrics than scan‐rescans and coils. The reproducibility within one observer was higher than that between two observers.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 1
Temperature Raman study of Li4Ti5O12 and ambiguity in the number of its bands
Authors: Nikiforov Aleksey A. , Krylov Alexander S. , Krylova Svetlana N. , Gorshkov Vadim S. , Pelegov Dmitry V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe two primary physical methods for identifying lithium titanate, a negative electrode material used commercially, are X‐Ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Although there are many publications on this topic, they are focused mainly on chemistry, so there are still some points that require clarification from a physical and methodological point of view. Difference of experimentally observed and theoretically predicted Raman spectra was explained through a combination of experiments and computations. The work comprises experiments and computations to explain why there are different numbers of predicted and observed Raman‐active bands. Our low‐temperature study and the analysis of thermal shifts during heating led us to conclude that the approach with surplus bands is advantageous and we recommend using major F2g band shifts to estimate the sample heating.
Raman fingerprint of the graphene buffer layer grown on the Si‐terminated face of 4H‐SiC(0001): Experiment and theory
Authors: Milenov Teodor , Rafailov Peter , Yakimova Rositsa , Shtepliuk Ivan , Popov Valentin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, we present the results of measurements of the Raman spectrum of the √3x√3R30° reconstruction of graphene grown on 4H‐SiC(0001), the so‐called buffer layer. The extracted Raman spectrum of the buffer layer shows bands, different from those of graphene, which can be attributed to the interaction of the buffer layer with the SiC substrate. In particular, in the high‐wavenumber region, at least three bands are observed in the wavenumber regions 1,350–1,420, 1,470–1,490 and 1,520–1,570 cm−1. The assignment of the buffer layer bands is supported here by tight‐binding simulations of the one‐phonon density of states for structures with a sufficiently large number of Si‐C bilayers for reaching convergence. The converged phonon density of states is found to be in semi‐quantitative agreement with the latter two bands, and therefore, the tight‐binding predictions of the lattice dynamics of the structure can be used for their assignment to buffer layer vibrations. Namely, the Raman band at about 1,550 cm−1 can be assigned to modified in‐plane optical phonon branches of graphene, while the Raman band at about 1,490 cm−1 can be assigned to modified folded parts of these branches inside the Brillouin zone of the buffer layer and can be considered as a Raman fingerprint of the buffer layer.
Cutaneous eruption after commencing baricitinib for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Akinbisehin Rosemary , Francis Nicholas , Manson Jessica , Bunker Christopher B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis case report describes a 64‐year‐old physician with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who was treated with baricitinib after failing multiple other therapies. Within 3 weeks, he developed a nonpruritic cutaneous reaction, including a symmetric acneiform folliculitis and a papulosquamous dermatosis. Biopsy results indicated a perivascular and interface drug eruption associated. Although Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, such as baricitinib, have a good safety profile, skin reactions have been reported in a small number of cases. The mechanism underlying these reactions is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve an imbalance between anti‐inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines. This case emphasises the importance of careful monitoring of patients for skin reactions when initiating treatment with JAK inhibitors and the need for further research in this area.
Should landscape variation in population status be assessed with individual‐ or population‐level indicators?
Authors: Gould Philip R. , Cecala Kristen K. , Drukker Saunders S. , McKenzie Benjamin A. , Van de Ven Chris H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMonitoring trends in wildlife populations is essential to effective management. Evaluating only a single metric can be cost‐effective; however, how a given metric responds to environmental variation may differ from other population‐ or individual‐level metrics. Consequently, conclusions about the effect of environmental variation on a species should consider the relationship between different metrics. We investigated how population‐level metrics (occupancy and relative abundance) and an individual‐level metric (body condition) responded to landscape variation in 3 semi‐aquatic salamander species. In the summer of 2015 and 2016, we conducted repeated count surveys at 71 streams on the Cumberland Plateau, Tennessee, USA, actively counting and measuring salamanders. We estimated occupancy and abundance of larval and post‐metamorphic animals using community‐occupancy and community‐N mixture models, respectively. We estimated body condition of the most observed life stage for each species using a standardized mass index. All models included the same set of covariates for comparison. Occupancy and abundance responses for each life stage‐by‐species combination were positively correlated for 4 of 6 combinations, with salamander abundance responding to a larger suite of covariates. Body condition was not linked to covariates in the same fashion as population‐level metrics, although consistency across species was detected for 1 covariate, watershed size. Our results indicate that inter‐specific and inter‐life stage variation in evaluated metrics is present within salamanders of this study system. Management for populations of salamanders in the region should consider monitoring multiple response metrics, to capture both population‐ and individual‐level responses, as these may not always be correlated.
Rurality Effect on Michigan Newborn Hearing Screening
Authors: Conway Robert M. , Perreault Kylie , Schomer Jason , Fan Caleb J. , Lucas Jacob C. , Babu Seilesh C. 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesEvaluate the effect of rurality on newborn hearing screen outcomes in Michigan.MethodsPatients in the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) Newborn Hearing Screening database that failed or did not receive their initial screen from 2015 to 2020 were evaluated. Using the U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural–Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC), patients were assigned a 1–9 code based on the population of their zip code, with 1 being the most urban and 9 being the most rural and outcomes between these patients were compared.ResultsThere were 34,928 patients initially identified. Patients that had follow‐up testing after a failed NBHS had a slightly higher RUCC than those that did not follow‐up, 2.3 versus 2.2, respectively (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference between those that refused screening, with a mean RUCC of 4.2, and those that had a failed initial screen having a mean RUCC of 2.1 (p < 0.001). Similarly, those with equipment failure had a higher mean RUCC, 2.8, compared to those that had screening completed (p < 0.001).ConclusionsMore rural areas are more likely to refuse a newborn hearing screen as well as have equipment failure options. There was no difference in rurality scores of those that had a follow‐up screen after a failure and those that did not.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 134:2937–2940, 2024
Left Vagus Stimulation Modulates Contralateral Subthalamic β Power Improving the Gait in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Marano Massimo , Anzini Gaia , Saltarocchi Luca , Ricciuti Riccardo , Capone Fioravante , Tan Huiling , Torrecillos Flavie , Lanzone Jacopo , Di Lazzaro Vincenzo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundTranscutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) showed early evidence of efficacy for the gait treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectivesProviding data on neurophysiological and clinical effects of transauricular VNS (taVNS).MethodsTen patients with recording deep brain stimulation (DBS) have been enrolled in a within participant design pilot study, double‐blind crossover sham‐controlled trial of taVNS. Subthalamic local field potentials (β band power), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scales (UPDRS), and a digital timed‐up‐and‐go test (TUG) were measured and compared with real versus sham taVNS during medication‐off/DBS‐OFF condition.ResultsThe left taVNS induced a reduction of the total β power in the contralateral (ie, right) subthalamic nucleus and an improvement of TUG time, speed, and variability. The taVNS‐induced β reduction correlated with the improvement of gait speed. No major clinical changes were observed at UPDRS.ConclusionstaVNS is a promising strategy for the management of PD gait, deserving prospective trials of chronic neuromodulation. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Mutation spectrum of thalassemia among pre‐pregnant adults in the Jiangsu Province by capillary electrophoresis‐based multiplex PCR assay
Authors: Shao Binbin , Wang Yuguo , Zhang Jingjing , Wang Yan , Tan Juan , Wang Lulu , Hu Ping , Tan Jianxin , Xu Zhengfeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThalassemia is a common genetic disorder in southwestern China, and an increasing number of cases from eastern China have been recently reported. Here, we developed a rapid, convenient, and accurate assay to evaluate the mutation spectrum of thalassemia in eastern China.MethodsA carrier screening assay for 61 hotspot variants among HBA1/HBA2 and HBB (OMIM: 141800, 141850, and 141900) genes was developed by SNaPshot/high‐throughput ligation‐dependent probe amplification (HLPA) technology. We used this assay to detect the mutation spectrum of thalassemia in individuals from eastern China and compared with the data collected from literatures focused on southern and northern China for variant distribution.ResultsAmong 4276 tested individuals, 2.62% (112/4276) were α‐thalassemia carriers, with 90 carrying one deletion or mutation and 22 carrying two deletions. 0.40% (17/4276) were β‐thalassemia carriers, and the most common variant of β‐thalassemia was c.126_129delCTTT (29.41%) followed by c.316‐197C>T (23.53%). The genotype distribution in our study was similar to those from southern China populations.ConclusionThe Chinese population from different regions presented comparable mutation spectrum of thalassemia, and the SNaPshot/HLPA technique may serve as a capable assay for a routine genetic test in clinical practice with its accurate, rapid, and inexpensive advantage.