bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Tb-161 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 161Tb to include the 2022 result of the NPL (United Kingdom)
Authors: Michotte Carine , Courte Sammy , Coulon Romain , Nonis Manuel , Collins S , Shearman R , Kolmogorova S , Keightley J , Pearce A , Ramirez N , Bendall E , Mohamud H , Mewburn-Crook J 
Published: January 2024

Main text
Since 2019, 2 laboratories have submitted 2 samples of 161Tb to the International Reference System (SIR) for activity comparison at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), with comparison identifier BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Tb-161. Recently, the NPL (United Kingdom) participated in the comparison and the key comparison reference value (KCRV) has been evaluated for the first time. The degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the SIR and the updated KCRV have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table. A graphical representation is also given.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Addendum on ‘Entropy uniqueness determines temperature’
Authors: Saslow Wayne M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We discuss how to apply the proposed minimum entropy deviation criterion when there is a measurable property P for which there is a statistical mechanical theory as a function of temperature T. When P

m
can be measured more accurately than heat flow dQ, then P(T) can be inverted to obtain accurate values for T(P); following this, the minimum rms entropy deviation criterion using T(P) then can be used to refine measurements of dQ. When dQ is more accurately measurable than P, then measurement of dQ and the minimum rms entropy deviation criterion provides a means to obtain T, which can then be used to obtain more accurate values of P(T).
Mechanisms of charge-induced surface discharge under positive impulse voltages
Authors: Li Yixuan , Zhang Boya , Zhou Xinmiao , Ji Kai , Tao Haifei , Li Kaixuan , Li Xingwen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Charge-induced surface flashover is a critical factor leading to insulation failures in high-voltage direct current gas-insulated equipment, and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, the typical surface charge distributions are first summarized. Then, the impact of charge polarity and position on surface discharge characteristics in ambient air is studied, and the surface charge dynamics during multiple discharge processes are also focused. Comparative studies of the charge-induced surface discharge are conducted in SF6, and the effect of the gas atmosphere is discussed. The results indicate that the repulsive effect of deposited positive charges significantly inhibits the positive streamer development by reducing the electric field. The acceleration of negative charges on positive streamer propagation is the result of two competitive mechanisms: the enhancement of the electric field and the neutralization with positive charges in the streamer channel. In the multiple discharge process, positive streamers develop along the gap of positive streamer channels from the previous discharge. When the last discharge is intense enough, back discharges may occur along the pattern of the deposited positive channels from the previous discharge. The effects of the deposited charges on the surface discharge process are consistent in air and SF6. These findings will be advantages in improving the insulation reliability of gas-insulated equipment.
Ag nanoparticle decorated β-Ga2O3 nanowires on Si substrates: advancing photodetector technology
Authors: Romeo Meitei Shagolsem , Devi Leimapokpam Sophia , Singh Naorem Khelchand 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we present the fabrication of Ag nanoparticle (NP) decorated β-Ga2O3 nanowire (NW) on a Si-substrate, with a focus on their application in photodetection. The resulting Ag NP decorated β-Ga2O3 NW exhibited a polycrystalline morphology characterized by well-aligned rows of vertically oriented structures. The mean size of the crystallites was revealed to be approximately 15.94 nm. The fabrication of Ag NP decorated β-Ga2O3 NW displayed uniformity, with an average length of approximately ∼180 nm. The UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy analysis yielded an approximate optical bandgap value of 4.74 eV. Notably, the fabricated photodetector exhibited excellent performance characteristics. This was highlighted by the minimal dark current of −3.2 nA at a bias voltage of −1 V, accompanied by an I
L/I
D ratio exceeding 50. Moreover, the photodetector demonstrated rapid rise and fall times of 0.023 s and 0.021 s, respectively. The remarkable aspect lies in the simultaneous attainment of minimum dark current and swift response times. The Ag NP-decorated β-Ga2O3 NW photodetector exhibited consistent and reproducible behavior, suggesting its potential for realistic use in ultraviolet photodetection.
Accurate and rapid predictions with explainable graph neural networks for small high-fidelity bandgap datasets
Authors: Xiao Jianping , Yang Li , Wang Shuqun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Accurate and rapid bandgap prediction is a fundamental task in materials science. We propose graph neural networks with transfer learning to overcome the scarcity of training data for high-fidelity bandgap predictions. We also add a perturbation-based component to our framework to improve explainability. The experimental results show that a framework consisting of graph-level pre-training and standard fine-tuning achieves superior performance on all high-fidelity bandgap prediction tasks and training-set sizes. Furthermore, the framework provides a reliable explanation that considers node features together with the graph structure. We also used the framework to screen 105 potential photovoltaic absorber materials.
Self-healing flexible strain sensor fabricated through 3D printing template sacrifice for motion monitoring with enhanced healing and mechanical performance
Authors: Yan Hui , Liu Shuofu , Wen Nan , Yin Jiyuan , Jiang Hongyuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
With the advancements in flexible materials and information technology, flexible sensors are becoming increasingly pervasive in various aspects of life and production. They hold immense potential for further development in areas such as motion detection, electronic skin, soft robots, and wearable devices. Aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as the raw material, while a diisocyanate reagent served as the cross-linking agent for the polymerization reaction, which involved the introduction of ureido groups, containing N–H and C=O bonds, into the long siloxane chain. The dynamic hydrogen bonding between the clusters completes the self-healing of the material. Using 1-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]urea as a grafting agent, the urea groups are introduced into graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as conductive fillers. Subsequently, a flexible polymer is used as the substrate to prepare conductive flexible self-healing composites. By controlling the amount of conductive fillers, flexible strain materials with varying sensitivities are obtained. Design the structure of the flexible strain sensor using three-dimensional (3D) modeling software with deposition printing method.
Light and voltage dual-modulated volatile resistive switching in single ZnO nanowires
Authors: Yang Feng , Zhang Yongle , Feng Xue , Guo Junmeng , Cheng Gang , Du Zuliang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A single ZnO nanowire device with volatile resistive switching behavior has been prepared. Different from traditional resistive switching devices, such ZnO nanowire devices do not exhibit resistive switching behaviors under a single bias voltage, and appear resistive switching behavior under the combined action of light stimuli and bias voltage. Through the demonstration of the time-dependent hysteresis curve and atmosphere-dependent hysteresis loop of the resistive switching devices, it is believed that under the resistive switching process, ultraviolet illumination can increase the carrier concentration and modulate the barrier depletion structure, and external bias voltage can ionize the surface state. They work together to modulate the switching process of the devices. Such light stimuli and bias voltage dual-modulated resistive switching device enables optical control and may thus be considered for sensory applications or optically tunable memories.
Strain engineering of Zeeman and Rashba effects in transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes and their Janus variants: an ab initio study
Authors: Bhardwaj Arpit , Suryanarayana Phanish 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the influence of mechanical deformations on the Zeeman and Rashba effects in transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes and their Janus variants from first principles. In particular, we perform symmetry-adapted density functional theory simulations with spin–orbit coupling to determine the variation in the electronic band structure splittings with axial and torsional deformations. We find significant effects in molybdenum and tungsten nanotubes, for which the Zeeman splitting decreases with increase in strain, going to zero for large enough tensile/shear strains, while the Rashba splitting coefficient increases linearly with shear strain, while being zero for all tensile strains, a consequence of the inversion symmetry remaining unbroken. In addition, the Zeeman splitting is relatively unaffected by nanotube diameter, whereas the Rashba coefficient decreases with increase in diameter. Overall, mechanical deformations represent a powerful tool for spintronics in nanotubes.
Detecting central apneas using multichannel signals in premature infants
Authors: Varisco Gabriele , Peng Zheng , Kommers Deedee , Cottaar Eduardus J E , Andriessen Peter , Long Xi , van Pul Carola 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective. Monitoring of apnea of prematurity, performed in neonatal intensive care units by detecting central apneas (CAs) in the respiratory traces, is characterized by a high number of false alarms. A two-step approach consisting of a threshold-based apneic event detection algorithm followed by a machine learning model was recently presented in literature aiming to improve CA detection. However, since this is characterized by high complexity and low precision, we developed a new direct approach that only consists of a detection model based on machine learning directly working with multichannel signals. Approach. The dataset used in this study consisted of 48 h of ECG, chest impedance and peripheral oxygen saturation extracted from 10 premature infants. CAs were labeled by two clinical experts. 47 features were extracted from time series using 30 s moving windows with an overlap of 5 s and evaluated in sets of 4 consecutive moving windows, in a similar way to what was indicated for the two-step approach. An undersampling method was used to reduce imbalance in the training set while aiming at increasing precision. A detection model using logistic regression with elastic net penalty and leave-one-patient-out cross-validation was then tested on the full dataset. Main results. This detection model returned a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value equal to 0.86 and, after the selection of a FPR equal to 0.1 and the use of smoothing, an increased precision (0.50 versus 0.42) at the expense of a decrease in recall (0.70 versus 0.78) compared to the two-step approach around suspected apneic events. Significance. The new direct approach guaranteed correct detections for more than 81% of CAs with length L ≥ 20 s, which are considered among the most threatening apneic events for premature infants. These results require additional verifications using more extensive datasets but could lead to promising applications in clinical practice.
Evidence of dynamical dark energy in a non-flat universe: current and future observations
Authors: Rezaei Mehdi , Pan Supriya , Yang Weiqiang , Mota David F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We investigate the dark energy phenomenology in an extended parameter space where we allow the curvature density of our universe as a free-to-vary parameter. The inclusion of the curvature density parameter is motivated from the recently released observational evidences indicating the closed universe model at many standard deviations. Here we assume that the dark energy equation-of-state follows the PADE approximation, a generalized parametrization that may recover a variety of existing dark energy models. Considering three distinct PADE parametrizations, labeled as PADE-I, SPADE-I and PADE-II, we first constrain the cosmological scenarios driven by them using the joint analyses of a series of recently available cosmological probes, namely, Pantheon sample of Supernovae Type Ia, baryon acoustic oscillations, big bang nucleosynthesis, Hubble parameter measurements from cosmic chronometers, cosmic microwave background distance priors from Planck 2018 and then we include the future Gravitational Waves standard sirens (GWSS) data from the Einstein telescope with the combined analyses of these current cosmological probes. We find that the current cosmological probes indicate a very strong evidence of a dynamical dark energy at more than 99% C.L. in both PADE-I, and PADE-II, but no significant evidence for the non-flat universe is found in any of these parametrizations. Interestingly, when the future GWSS data from the Einstein telescope are included with the standard cosmological probes an evidence of a non-flat universe is found in all three parametrizations together with a very strong preference of a dynamical dark energy at more than 99% C.L. in both PADE-I, and PADE-II. Although from the information criteria analysis, namely, AIC, BIC, DIC, the non-flat Λ-Cold Dark Matter model remains the best choice, however, in the light of DIC, PADE parametrizations are still appealing.
Numerical computation of quasinormal modes in the first-order approach to black hole perturbations in modified gravity
Authors: Roussille Hugo , Langlois David , Noui Karim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a novel approach to the numerical computation of quasi-normal modes, based on the first-order (in radial derivative) formulation of the equations of motion and using a matrix version of the continued fraction method. This numerical method is particularly suited to the study of static black holes in modified gravity, where the traditional second-order, Schrödinger-like, form of the equations of motion is not always available. Our approach relies on the knowledge of the asymptotic behaviours of the perturbations near the black hole horizon and at spatial infinity, which can be obtained via the systematic algorithm that we have proposed recently.
In this work, we first present our method for the perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole and show that we recover the well-know frequencies of the QNMs to a very high precision. We then apply our method to
the axial perturbations of an exact black hole solution in a particular scalar-tensor theory of gravity. We also cross-check the obtained QNM frequencies with other numerical methods.
REPORT-SCS: minimum reporting standards for spinal cord stimulation studies in spinal cord injury
Authors: Malik Raza N , Samejima Soshi , Shackleton Claire , Miller Tiev , Pedrocchi Alessandra Laura Giulia , Rabchevsky Alexander G , Moritz Chet T , Darrow David , Field-Fote Edelle C , Guanziroli Eleonora , Ambrosini Emilia , Molteni Franco , Gad Parag , Mushahwar Vivian K , Sachdeva Rahul , Krassioukov Andrei V 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective. Electrical spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has emerged as a promising therapy for recovery of motor and autonomic dysfunctions following spinal cord injury (SCI). Despite the rise in studies using SCS for SCI complications, there are no standard guidelines for reporting SCS parameters in research publications, making it challenging to compare, interpret or reproduce reported effects across experimental studies. Approach. To develop guidelines for minimum reporting standards for SCS parameters in pre-clinical and clinical SCI research, we gathered an international panel of expert clinicians and scientists. Using a Delphi approach, we developed guideline items and surveyed the panel on their level of agreement for each item. Main results. There was strong agreement on 26 of the 29 items identified for establishing minimum reporting standards for SCS studies. The guidelines encompass three major SCS categories: hardware, configuration and current parameters, and the intervention. Significance. Standardized reporting of stimulation parameters will ensure that SCS studies can be easily analyzed, replicated, and interpreted by the scientific community, thereby expanding the SCS knowledge base and fostering transparency in reporting.
Recovery of Scandium, Nickel and Cobalt from Hydrometallurgical Waste of Laterite
Authors: Wei J M , Wang W W , Ma M S , Sun N L , Qin B , Li M C , Du G S , Lv D , Liu G , Peng J H , Lu Y D , Liu C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Recovery of new-energy critical metals including scandium, nickel and cobalt as well as copper and zinc from a neutralization residue produced in laterite hydrometallurgical process has been studied. Effect of leaching parameters such as acid consumption, solution pH and temperature has been investigated. It was found that scandium, nickel, cobalt and copper could be recovered at high efficiencies from the residues by selective leaching using sulphuric acid solutions under ambient conditions, while the co-leaching of impurities including iron, aluminium and silicon was low under the optimal conditions. The nickel, cobalt, copper and zinc in the leaching solution could be further concentrated into mixed sulphides and separated from impurities by sulphide precipitation.
A strain energy density field method to predict the life of metallic notched components under multiaxial fatigue loading
Authors: Luo Peng , Yu Ming , Wen Changlong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A method based on strain energy density field (SEDF) has been proposed to predict the angle of fatigue critical points and multi-axial life of the notched parts under multi-axial cyclic loading. The point bearing the maximum strain energy density was taken as the fatigue crack initiation point (fatigue critical point). The influence of stress-strain gradient around the notches were considered via combining SEDF and the critical distance theory (TCD) to calculate the multi-axial notch life. The predictive results indicate that the maximum deviation of the fatigue critical point (FCP) was 7.0°. The most of the predictive life was within the 3-time error band.
Detection methods and bearing failure characteristics analysis related to grinding burns
Authors: Hou Xue qin , Liu Yong bao , Liu Yu , Liu Chang kui , Zhang Zheng , huTao Chun , Wei Xun kai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Grinding burn is one of the bearing failure causes for components. In order to quickly confirm that grinding burn is the cause of bearing failure, detection methods for the grinding burns and characteristics of bearing failure caused by grinding burns have been studied in this paper. The results show that cold acid pickling examination, microhardness test and Barkhausen noise analysis can be used in the detection of heavy grinding burns but have several disadvantages to hinder their application on the detection of slight grinding burns. A grinding burn detection procedure is recommended for the analysis of bearing failure induced by grinding burn. It has been found that the modes of bearing failure induced by grinding burns were contact fatigue spalling developed from the contact fatigue crack, the propagation mechanism of the contact fatigue crack was obtained. And the unique phenomenon of fracture or fragmentation with cracks distributed in the origin or surrounding the spalling pit of the grinding burn layer was also obtained. Based on the above results the future work on detection methods and influence on bearing failure mechanism and life of grinding burn are proposed.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of a first-generation single crystal superalloy CMSX-6
Authors: Zheng S , Zhang J , Liu Y F , Xu J W , Zhang X N , Cui L L 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
CMSX-6 alloy is a first generation of single crystal high temperature alloy and has been widely applied for the aeroengine and gas turbine blades. In the present study, the microstructure, tensile properties, stress rupture properties and fracture properties of the as-cast and heat-treated CMSX-6 alloy were investigated. The experimental results show that under the heat-treated condition the γ′ phase was about 0.5 μm, the volume fraction was about 66%, and the residual eutectic phase volume was 2%~5%. The tensile and stress rupture properties was similar that of the first generation of single crystal alloys, DD3 and DD407 developed by Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials and General Institute of Iron and Steel Research, China. And the results also indicate that CMSX-6 alloy has good fracture properties, oxidation resistance properties and corrosion resistance properties, and therefore CMSX-6 alloy has very good application prospect for the aeroengine and gas turbine blades materials.
Passivation and Corrosion Behavior of Modified S13Cr Stainless Steel in Ultra-high Temperature Geothermal Fluid
Authors: Chen Y F , Cheng L Y , Zhu Y , Sun C , Lin X Q , Sun J B 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This research aims to investigate the passivation and corrosion behaviour of modified S13Cr stainless steel (SS) in ultra-high temperature geothermal fluids. In this study, S13Cr SS before and after modified were both immersed in a simulated geothermal fluid environment with a temperature of 210°C and CO2 pressure of 3 MPa for 120 h. The results show that the modified S13Cr SS had smaller grain size and lower reverse austenite content, and exhibited higher transpassive potential and lower passive current density in the ultra-high temperature environment. After 120 h of immersion, the passivation film of the modified 13Cr SS was completely dissolved, and a corrosion product film mainly composed of FeCO3 and FeCr2O4 formed with localized corrosion occurring. Moreover, a Ni-rich barrier layer formed at the interface between the inner layer of the product film and the substrate, which hindered the penetration of the corrosive medium. Additionally, the residual MoO2 in the product film played a stabilizing role. Overall, the corrosion resistance of the modified S13Cr SS in ultra-high temperature geothermal fluids is improved.