bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAT126 Relationship Between Type I Diabetes And Depression In The Pediatric Population
Authors: Greenblatt Logan Benjamin , Epelman Marina , Demissie Seleshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: L.B. Greenblatt: None. M. Epelman: None. S. Demissie: None.
Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic illnesses in children. Depression in children and adolescents with T1DM has been associated with negative diabetes related health outcomes, such as recurrent diabetes ketoacidosis. These associations can be bidirectional, where poor glycemic control can worsen symptoms of depression. Adolescents with T1DM and depression pose additional challenges to health care providers due to non-adherence to diabetes management. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between depression and age of onset, duration and T1DM control. We hypothesized that duration of diabetes mellitus positively correlates with depression symptoms. Patients diagnosed with T1DM in adolescence have higher depression scores compared to individuals diagnosed at a younger age. Methods: Individuals with T1DM 11 to 21 years old enrolled in the study. Patients with known psychiatric illnesses and intellectual disabilities were excluded. After obtaining informed consent and assent, participants were asked to complete age specific depression screening form PHQ-9. Forms were immediately scored by the investigator. Patients with moderate symptoms (score of 10 to 14) are provided a list of local mental health resources and individuals with severe depressive symptoms (score &gt; 15) were referred to a pediatric psychiatrist for evaluation. Data on age, sex, ethnicity, age at diagnosis, diabetes duration, recent glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), treatment methods (insulin pump vs injections) and continuous glucose monitor use were collected from patients’ electronic health records. Results: 34 patients, 61.7% female, were screened thus far. The mean age was 16 years and average age at diagnosis was 8 years. 22% of patients were on multiple daily injections and 78% on insulin pump therapy. Most patients (88%) were using continuous glucose monitors. Despite long term care, the average HbA1c was 8%. Girls had higher average PHQ-9 score (7.24) compared to boys (3.69). As expected, high PHQ-9 score was associated with poor diabetes control (r=0.35, p=0.044). There was a positive correlation between PHQ-9 score and duration of T1DM and negative correlation between PHQ-9 score and age at onset (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: Children and adolescents with T1DM are at risk of depression. Younger age of onset and longer duration of T1DM was associated with higher severity of depression symptoms as evident by PQH-9 score. Poor control, defined by high HbA1C, is positively correlated with depression score. Screening for depression and proper referral should be integrated into routine care for children and adolescents with T1DM.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
SAT127 What’s Cookin’: Attitudes Towards A Healthy, Budget-friendly Meal Planning Tool In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Abramczyk Rachel , Sadiq Sanah , Vaz Cherie Lisa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: R. Abramczyk: None. S. Sadiq: None. C. Vaz: None.
Background: Eating home-cooked meals has been associated with reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Additionally, nutrition counseling can aid weight loss and improve glucose levels. However, these interventions may be less effective in underserved patients as food prices can be a barrier to healthy food access. We performed a preliminary assessment of a quality improvement nutritional intervention at a university-based clinic in a medically underserved area. Aim: This analysis aimed to measure patients’ perceived levels of confidence in shopping for and preparing healthy, DM-friendly meals and interest in receiving a sample grocery list with matching recipes. Methods: Patients with T2DM seen in fellows’ clinic over 3 months were offered surveys that measured confidence levels in shopping for and preparing a healthy, DM-friendly diet. Participants were subsequently offered an ADA-compliant, Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program-friendly sample grocery list and weekly meal plan. Results: 50 patients completed surveys. 70% were &gt;50 years and 70% identified as African American. 98% shop for food at a supermarket, with 12% also utilizing smaller grocery and corner stores. 8% were not confident in shopping for healthy, DM-friendly foods. 30% were somewhat confident, 46% were confident, and 16% were extremely confident in shopping for DM-friendly foods. 82% of participants either did their own meal prep at home or had someone else at home who cooked. 16% were not confident in cooking DM-friendly foods, whereas 26% were somewhat confident, 50% were confident, and 8% were extremely confident. 92% were interested in receiving a 1-week shopping list for healthy groceries with corresponding recipes. Conclusion: While many patients in a low socioeconomic status neighborhood reported feeling confident shopping for healthy, DM-friendly foods, fewer felt confident in preparing and cooking these foods. Most patients were interested in a budget friendly shopping list and meal planning tool to assist in both shopping for and cooking foods that will assist in achieving improved DM control. A follow up phase study will evaluate the rate of utilization and other patient behavioral factors in response to this intervention. Further research is needed to develop and evaluate the impact that tools such as this may have on changes in behavior towards shopping for and cooking healthy, DM-friendly foods at home and its effects on glycemic control.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
Pro-dopaminergic pharmacological interventions for anhedonia in depression: protocol for a living systematic review of human and non-human studies
Authors: Ostinelli Edoardo G. , Chiocchia Virginia , Macleod Malcolm , Browning Michael , Harmer Catherine , Siafis Spyridon , Stansfield Claire , Friedrich Claire , Wright Simonne , Chikaura Tanatswa , Milligan Lea , Thomas James , Moreno Carmen , Furukawa Toshi A. , Seedat Soraya , Potts Jennifer , Salanti Georgia , Cipriani Andrea ,   GALENOS Team
Published: October 2023

Background: Anhedonia is a key symptom of depression, and it has been suggested as a potential target for future individualised treatments. However, much is unknown about how interventions enhancing dopaminergic pathways may affect anhedonia symptoms in the context of depression. Methods: We will perform independent searches in multiple electronic databases to identify clinical and animal experimental studies on pro-dopaminergic interventions in individuals with depression or animal models for depression. The primary outcomes will be overall anhedonia symptoms and their behavioural proxies in animals. Secondary outcomes will include side effects and neurobiological measures. At least two independent reviewers will conduct the study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessments using pre-defined tools according to each record’s study design. We will develop ontologies to facilitate study identification and data extraction. We will synthesise data from clinical and animal studies separately. If appropriate, we will use random-effects meta-analyses, or synthesis without meta-analyses. We will investigate study characteristics as potential sources of heterogeneity. We will evaluate the confidence in the evidence for each outcome and source of evidence, considering the summary of the association, potential concerns regarding internal and external validity, and reporting biases. When multiple sources of evidence are available for an outcome, we will draw an overall conclusion in a triangulation meeting involving a multidisciplinary team of experts. We plan updates of the review every 6 months, and any future modifications to the protocol will be documented. We will co-produce this review with multiple stakeholders. PROSPERO registration: CRD42023451821
Debtors at Play: Gaming Behavior and Consumer Credit Risk
Authors: Gong Shuaishuai , Levine Ross , Lin Chen , Xie Wensi 
Published: October 2023

Exploiting a unique high-frequency, individual-level database, we (1) construct individual-level, incentive-compatible proxies of impulsivity based on video gaming behavior and (2) use these proxies to evaluate predictions concerning how impulsivity shapes individuals’ responses to a relaxation of credit constraints as captured by receiving a credit card. We discover that precard gaming intensity—as measured by the frequency and amount of game expenditures—is strongly and positively associated with (a) the probability of defaulting on credit card debt in the future, (b) postcard expenditures on luxury and addictive items, (c) surges in consumption spending immediately after receiving the credit card, and (d) rapid debt accumulation after obtaining the card. Differences in financial literacy, income, income variability, education, and demographics do not drive the results. The results are consistent with (1) neurological and psychological studies stressing that excessive gaming is associated with impulse control deficiencies and (2) behavioral theories stressing that impulsivity, i.e., time-inconsistent preferences for immediate gratification and ineffective strategies for avoiding myopic cues and temptations, substantially influence individual expenditure patterns and borrowing decisions when liquidity constraints are relaxed. This paper was accepted by Kay Giesecke, finance. Funding: C. Lin acknowledges the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Project 72192841] and the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong SAR, China [Project T35-710/20-R]. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4931 .
Corn Yield Increase Under Constant Fertilizer Did Not Reduce Nitrate Export
Authors: Clifford Chelsea Connair , Waring Emily R. , Pederson Carl H. , Helmers Matthew J. 
Published: October 2023

Highlights

Corn yields increased from 1989 to 2021 in Iowa experimental plots at nitrogen fertilizer rates consistently just above current recommendations.

Increased corn yields did not result in a decrease in drainage nitrate exports.

Findings required long-term (&gt;10 years) experiments and monitoring.

Abstract. Aquatic problems from the export of nutrients, especially nitrate, from row crops are recalcitrant in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin and globally severe. Previous studies have proposed to reduce these problems in part by improving crop yields, particularly corn, leaving less nitrate surplus to export. Simultaneous increases in fertilizer application rates and grain yields in recent decades have made testing this notion with large-scale agricultural statistics difficult. This experiment in Iowa featured a corn-soybean rotation with corn fertilized with nitrogen at a nearly consistent rate from 1989 to 2021. Corn yields increased at a rate not statistically distinguishable from the surrounding county’s (144 vs. 148 kg ha-1 yr-1), but drainage nitrate concentration and loading remained flat overall, oscillating with precipitation. Results suggest that increasing corn yield, and thereby partial factor productivity, with standard shifts in cultivars over time, cannot alone solve the U.S. Corn Belt’s nitrate surplus problem, supporting previous recommendations for active and multi-layered conservation efforts. Five- to ten-year positive and negative sub-trends in nitrate export within the longer dataset reaffirm the importance of truly long-term experiments and monitoring to accurately assess the impacts of management. Keywords: Keywords., Corn, Loading, Nitrate, Water quality, Yield.
Wind Tunnels and Their Uses to Study Variables Affecting Precision Applications of Agricultural Sprays
Authors: Womac Alvin Ray , Ozkan Erdal , Zhu Heping , Kochendorfer John , Jeon Hongyoung , Eswarachandra Nataraj 
Published: October 2023

Highlights

Wind tunnels were extensively used to study precision applications of agricultural sprays.

Use of wind tunnels significantly contributed to the broad-reaching impact of precision applications.

Wind tunnels provide controlled conditions to study a plethora of wide ranging spray variables.

Abstract.The objective of this study was to review publications that were representative of wind tunnels and their uses to study variables affecting precision applications of agricultural sprays. Precision application involved the deliberate engineering of sprayers for accurate formation and dispersal of droplets and sprays to enhance spray deposits on targeted crop, foliage, or pest for increased agricultural production with reduced adverse effects to neighboring ecology and the environment. Categorical themes of wind tunnel uses were (1) spray atomization, (2) adjuvant effects, (3) spray drift, (4) spray, air movement, crop foliage interactions, (5) UAV applications, (6) airflow around sprayer, and (7) spray test methods and collections. A discovery was that nozzle design had more impact on droplet size than spray formulation, which emphasized the importance of spray nozzle selection for atomization, and that air induction (AI) venturi nozzles consistently provided reduced spray drift potential. On occasion, some adjuvants marketed as drift reduction agents acted in an opposite manner and decreased droplet size. Wind tunnel use for spray drift had the broadest range of variables studied among conceptual applications and included various nozzles, boom height, product active ingredients, adjuvants, and other variables. Deposits decreased in foliage from upper, middle, to lower foliage heights and decreased with increased wind speed. Low wind turbulence in the canopy did not contribute to deposition. Foliage deposition depended more on droplet size and local ambient winds. Canopy porosity limited the droplet size to less than 100 µm for contribution to deposits internal to the foliage. Wind tunnel use for UAV applications was mostly focused on spray drift for UAV variables such as rotor configurations and payload for mounted or tethered UAV. An ultimate recommendation was to use AI nozzles, reduce application speed, and to use a suitable adjuvant – which was similar to other applications. Contrasting results for the impact of airflow around sprays were reported for vortices around fan spray discharge of a nozzle versus a 4-nozzle boom study that found no differences in velocity and turbulence fields due to the presence or no presence of spray discharge. Spray test methods and collections determined in wind tunnels primarily focused on collection efficiencies for a wide range of spray collectors. Collection efficiencies varied with collector and droplet size. Keywords: Keywords.,Boom sprayer,Droplet size,Droplet trajectory,Nozzle classification,Spray deposit,Spray drift,Spray nozzles.
Health service improvement using positive patient feedback: Systematic scoping review
Authors: Lloyd Rebecca , Munro James , Evans Kerry , Gaskin-Williams Amy , Hui Ada , Pearson Mark , Slade Mike , Kotera Yasuhiro , Day Giskin , Loughlin-Ridley Joanne , Enston Clare , Rennick-Egglestone Stefan 
Published: October 2023

Background
Healthcare services regularly receive patient feedback, most of which is positive. Empirical studies suggest that health services can use positive feedback to create patient benefit. Our aim was to map all available empirical evidence for how positive patient feedback creates change in healthcare settings.

Methods
Empirical studies in English were systematically identified through database searches (ACM Digital Library, AMED, ASSIA, CINAHL, MEDLINE and PsycINFO), forwards and backwards citation, and expert consultation. We summarise the characteristics of included studies and the feedback they consider, present a thematic synthesis of qualitative findings, and provide narrative summaries of quantitative findings.

Results
68 papers were included, describing research conducted across six continents, with qualitative (n = 51), quantitative (n = 10), and mixed (n = 7) methods. Only two studies were interventional. The most common settings were hospitals (n = 27) and community healthcare (n = 19). The most common recipients were nurses (n = 29). Most outcomes described were desirable. These were categorised as (a) short-term emotional change for healthcare workers (including feeling motivated and improved psychological wellbeing); (b) work-home interactional change for healthcare workers (such as improved home-life relationships); (c) work-related change for healthcare workers (such as improved performance and staff retention). Some undesirable outcomes were described, including envy when not receiving positive feedback. The impact of feedback may be moderated by characteristics of particular healthcare roles, such as night shift workers having less interaction time with patients. Some factors moderating the change created by feedback are modifiable.

Conclusion
Further interventional research is required to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of receiving positive feedback in creating specific forms of change such as increases in staff retention. Healthcare managers may wish to use positive feedback more regularly, and to address barriers to staff receiving feedback.
Public perspective toward extended community pharmacy services in sub-national Saudi Arabia: An online cross-sectional study
Authors: Alghamdi Khalid S. , Petzold Max , Ewis Ashraf A. , Alsugoor Mahdi H. , Saaban Khalid , Hussain-Alkhateeb Laith 
Published: October 2023

Background
In many developed countries, the scope of community pharmacy services has extended to include advanced applications. Unlike traditional practices that focus on pharmaceutical sales, extended community pharmacy services (ECPSs) are patient-centred and typically offered by specialised healthcare centres, which improve public health, reduce pressure imposed on healthcare professionals, and rationalise health system expenditures. However, based on the findings of several studies, community pharmacies (CPs) only provide marginalised services. Public reviews are thus crucial to effectively utilise such services. This study explored CPs use among the Saudi public in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and barriers to ECPSs.

Materials and methods
We conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey of a non-probability sample between October and December 2021. Numerical and graphical descriptive statistics were employed with an additional analytical assessment using binary logistic regression to determine the association between participant characteristics and the barriers to ECPSs use.

Results
A total of 563 individuals participated in this study, approximately 33% of which revealed CPs as the first place they visit for medication concerns. Most individuals were not aware of medication therapy management and health screening services (77% and 68%, respectively). Pharmacy clinics offering private counselling and receiving patient electronic medical records were unknown to the participants (78% and 63%, respectively). A substantial proportion of the cohort considered lack of privacy (58%) and inadequate communication with community pharmacists (56%) as key barriers to the use of ECPSs. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the underdeveloped infrastructure of CPs was significantly associated with almost all factors.

Conclusion
Most services and facilities were found to be underutilised. Positive public attitudes were associated with concerns regarding privacy and cost of services. Consistent with Saudi Vision 2030, supporting CPs and increasing the public awareness of ECPSs have significant implications on public health.
Urban vs. rural differences in psychiatric diagnoses, symptom severity, and functioning in a psychiatric sample
Authors: Forrest Lauren N. , Waschbusch Dan A. , Pearl Amanda M. , Bixler Edward O. , Sinoway Lawrence I. , Kraschnewski Jennifer L. , Liao Duanping , Saunders Erika F. H. 
Published: October 2023

Objective
Identifying whether certain groups of people experience elevated rates or severities of psychiatric symptoms provides information to guide healthcare allocation. People living in urban areas have higher rates of some psychiatric disorders relative to people living in rural settings, however, it is unclear if psychiatric severity is more elevated in urban vs. rural settings. This study investigates the urban vs. rural differences in rates of psychiatric disorders and severity of psychiatric symptoms.

Method
A cohort of patients (63% women, 85% White) presenting to an outpatient psychiatric treatment center in the U.S. completed patient-reported outcomes at all clinic visits as part of standard care. Rurality was determined by municipality population density. Sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric diagnoses, trauma exposure, psychiatric symptom severity, functioning, and suicidality were compared by rural vs. urban municipality.

Results
There were virtually no differences between patients living in rural vs. urban municipalities on rates of psychiatric disorders, severity of psychiatric symptoms, functional impairment, and suicidality (ps≥.09). The only difference was that patients living in rural municipalities had higher exposure to serious accidents than patients living in urban municipalities (p < .01); exposure to nine other traumatic events did not differ between groups (p≥.07).

Conclusions
People living in urban and rural municipalities have a similar need for mental health treatment. Access to care may be one explanatory factor for the occasional rural-urban differences in rates of psychiatric disorders. In other words, if people living in rural areas can access care, their symptom presentations appear unlikely to differ from those of people living in urban areas.
Did a bot eat your homework? An assessment of the potential impact of bad actors in online administration of preference surveys
Authors: Gonzalez Juan Marcos , Grover Kiran , Leblanc Thomas W. , Reeve Bryce B. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Online administration of surveys has a number of advantages but can also lead to increased exposure to bad actors (human and non-human bots) who can try to influence the study results or to benefit financially from the survey. We analyze data collected through an online discrete-choice experiment (DCE) survey to evaluate the likelihood that bad actors can affect the quality of the data collected.

Methods
We developed and fielded a survey instrument that included two sets of DCE questions asking respondents to select their preferred treatments for multiple myeloma therapies. The survey also included questions to assess respondents’ attention while completing the survey and their understanding of the DCE questions. We used a latent-class model to identify a class associated with perverse preferences or high model variance, and the degree to which the quality checks included in the survey were correlated with class membership. Class-membership probabilities for the problematic class were used as weights in a random-parameters logit to recover population-level estimates that minimizes exposure to potential bad actors.

Results
Results show a significant proportion of respondents provided answers with a high degree of variability consistent with responses from bad actors. We also found that a wide-ranging selection of conditions in the survey screener is more consistent with choice patterns expected from bad actors looking to qualify for the study. The relationship between the number of incorrect answers to comprehension questions and problematic choice patterns peaked around 5 out of 10 questions.

Conclusions
Our results highlight the need for a robust discussion around the appropriate way to handle bad actors in online preference surveys. While exclusion of survey respondents must be avoided under most circumstances, the impact of “bots” on preference estimates can be significant.