bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic scores for predicting overall survival in patients with metastatic renal and urothelial cancer undergoing immunotherapy - which one to use?
Authors: Walach Margarete Teresa , Burger Ralph , Brumm Felix , Nitschke Katja , Wessels Frederik , Nuhn Philipp , Worst Thomas Stephan , von Hardenberg Jost , Grüne Britta , Jarczyk Jonas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Evaluation of the prognostic significance of four different scoring systems in a real-world cohort of patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) or renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) undergoing immunotherapy (IO).

Methods
For 120 patients with mUC (n = 67) and mRCC (n = 53) who received IO between July 2016 and December 2020 at the tertiary Urological University Medical Centre Mannheim, the following scores were recorded at pre-treatment baseline: modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratio (NER). Overall survival (time between the beginning of IO until the patients’ death or last contact) was determined for every patient.

Results
Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that high baseline mGPS, SII (> 979) and NLR (> 3) were associated with poor overall survival (OS) (p < 0.05). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that baseline mGPS and NLR had a significant independent prognostic influence on OS (p < 0.05), of which mGPS had a greater significance (p < 0.001, mGPS Score 2 vs. Score 0: HR 4.1, 95% CI 1.9–8.8). Although a high baseline NER (63.9) was associated with poor OS, it did not reach statistical significance. Baseline NER was also not identified as a significant score in the regression analyses.

Conclusion
mGPS, SII and NLR are scoring systems that are easy to record in routine clinical practice. As they provide good prediction of OS in patients with mUC and mRCC under IO, they may allow identification of patients at high-risk and monitor them more cautiously in addition to imaging.
Analytical free vibration solution of orthotropic thin plates with three edges rotationally restrained and one edge free
Authors: Zhang Jinghui , Gao Pin , Diao Xingjian , Ullah Salamat , Qi Wenyue , Almujibah Hamad , Civalek Ömer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Orthotropic thin plates are essential in aerospace applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, which is critical for efficient structural performance. The mechanical properties of these structures are influenced by numerous factors, with free vibration characteristics being particularly significant. However, analytical solutions for free vibration are often limited to plates with simple boundary conditions (BCs). Few exact analytical solutions exist for plates with complex non-Lévy-type or rotationally restrained BCs. This study aims to analyze the free vibration behavior of orthotropic thin plates featuring three rotationally restrained edges and one free edge, employing the finite integral transform (FIT) method. A key advantage of this method is its simplicity and versatility, as it does not require the predefinition of a deflection function. By setting different values of the rotating fixed coefficient, the study offers analytical free vibration solutions for plates with various combinations of rotationally restrained, simply supported, clamped, and free BCs without additional derivations. The solutions derived using the FIT method are validated by comparison with numerical results obtained from ABAQUS software and available analytical solutions, confirming the method’s accuracy and reliability. Parameter analyses are conducted to examine the effects of aspect ratio, BCs, material properties, and rotating fixed coefficient on non-dimensional frequency parameters and corresponding vibration modes. The results reveal that these parameters significantly influence the frequency characteristics of orthotropic thin plates. The results can be used as a benchmark for validating other analytical and numerical methods.
Comparison of the incidence of proteinuria and changes in eGFR among febuxostat and topiroxostat users
Authors: Nakayama Shingo , Satoh Michihiro , Toyama Maya , Hashimoto Hideaki , Murakami Takahisa , Hirose Takuo , Obara Taku , Mori Takefumi , Metoki Hirohito 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Febuxostat and topiroxostat are non-purine selective xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors commonly used for hyperuricaemia treatment in Japan. However, comparative data on the effects of febuxostat and topiroxostat on renal function and proteinuria are limited. This study compared proteinuria incidence and changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among prevalent febuxostat and topiroxostat users.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using databases provided by DeSC Healthcare, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). We identified 17,446 individuals (11.8% women; mean age 67.4 years) with eGFR ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 and no history of cardiovascular disease or proteinuria at baseline. Separate analyses were performed for individuals with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and those with eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for proteinuria incidence in topiroxostat users compared with febuxostat users was assessed using the Cox model. Changes in eGFR were compared between the two groups using multiple regression analysis.

Results
During the mean follow-up period of 1.79 years, 1,433 participants developed proteinuria. In non-diabetic individuals with eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, the adjusted HR for proteinuria incidence in topiroxostat users compared with febuxostat users was 0.60 (95% confidence interval, 0.40–0.91; p = 0.016). No significant differences were observed in eGFR changes between the two groups with eGFR < 60 and ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Conclusion
Topiroxostat prevalent users had a lower risk of proteinuria than febuxostat prevalent users in non-diabetic individuals with eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Our findings suggest that topiroxostat might be more effective than febuxostat in preventing proteinuria in non-diabetic individuals with eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.
Peeling an architected interface: roles of softness and fractoadhesive length in adhesion toughening
Authors: Usmanova Zumrat , Bai Ruobing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Soft adhesion has been rapidly studied and developed for various applications in recent years. Compared to existing toughening mechanisms based on the adherend or adhesive materials themselves, building architectures or patterns in soft adhesion offers an attractive way of enhancing adhesion without modifying the intrinsic material properties. However, despite the recent progress in soft architected adhesion, the fundamental interplay between the geometry and material properties remains largely unexplored. This results in questions about the geometric conditions for effective toughening and the roles of intrinsic material parameters in governing these conditions. Here we explore the geometry-elasticity interplay in toughening a soft architected bilayer with one-dimensional rectangular interfacial pillars. Using finite element simulations on 90-degree peel, we investigate effects of the adherend modulus, pillar aspect ratio, and interfacial contact ratio on the peel strength. We show that compared to a uniform interface, soft interfacial pillars (shear modulus ~ 0.6 MPa) with a high aspect ratio (> 4) can enhance the peel strength to more than 4 times, while stiff pillars (shear modulus ~ 1.5 MPa) only provide a limited enhancement (up to 1.5 times). Such enhancement is further amplified by increasing the interfacial contact ratio, where the best enhancement occurs when pillars are closely packed like a cross-cut surface (100% in contact yet architected). We develop a theory and scaling for the effective adhesion toughness and identify the fractoadhesive length of architected adhesion. We show that the fractoadhesive length provides a lower bound of the architecture feature size for effective toughening, while a large stretch at debonding in pillars further amplifies the toughening. Using an Ashby plot of the relevant architecture feature size and the fractoadhesive length in various architected adhesion systems, we conclude that macroscale architectures are necessary for effective toughening of soft adhesion with large fractoadhesive lengths.
The Longitudinal Effect of Pre-war Investments in Hedonic Capital on Wartime Well-Being
Authors: Lahav Eyal , Sherman Arie , Shavit Tal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There is a gap in our understanding of people’s longitudinal emotional reactions before and during an ongoing war. The paper analyzes the impact of the Iron Swords War between Israel and Hamas on measures of Israelis’ subjective well-being, including fear and anxiety. Two questions are probed: (1) How are the affective components—negative and positive emotions—which tend to fluctuate, and the more stable components—global life evaluation and meaning in life—affected by war? (2) What protects people’s subjective well-being in wartime? Unique longitudinal data from 1189 individuals who reported their subjective well-being before and during the war is employed. The participants reported their pre-war investments in hedonic capital, including efforts in six life domains—health, friends, community, active leisure, the value of work per se, and work-life balance—as well as their religiosity level. Both our questions are addressed by the results. First, all subjective well-being components worsened significantly during the war compared to pre-war measures. Evaluation of life decreased by 9.6%; meaning decreased by 2.8%, positive emotions decreased by 25.5%, and negative emotions increased by 85.9%. Second, regression analysis demonstrates that all of the pre-war efforts investigated, except those allocated to improving work-life balance and active leisure, have a longitudinal effect on at least one component of subjective well-being during war. Effort at work significantly affects both meaning (p < 0.01) and positive emotions (p < 0.05). Effort within the community significantly affects negative emotions (p < 0.01). Effort in friendships significantly affects positive emotions (p < 0.01), while effort in health significantly affects meaning (p < 0.05). The results are robust for unmet expectations, socio-demographics and objective war-related control factors. Pre-war religiosity longitudinally affects all war-time subjective well-being components, a result which was also found in a difference-in-difference analysis.
Sinkhole detection via deep learning using DEM images
Authors: Coşkuner Berkant , İnce İsmail , Barstuğan Mücahid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sinkholes, commonly observed in karstic regions, are landforms with unpredictable formation time and location. These landforms are an important natural disaster that threaten human life and country economies. Sinkholes, observed as cover collapse or depressions in nature, may be easily identified with remote sensing methods (digital elevation models, satellite and aerial photographs, etc.). These methods reduce time and labor burdens before field investigations. In this study, the aim was to accurately identify sinkholes by training a deep learning method with hillshade images obtained from DEM data. In line with this aim, the study area was identified as the Karapınar region (Konya, Türkiye), where many sinkholes have formed in recent periods linked to climatological and anthropological factors. In this study, 5 different (nano, small, medium, large and x-large) sinkhole detection models were developed using YOLO v8. The developed models provided high success rates in detecting sinkholes with different diameters and depths.
Fast and accurate poisson solver algorithm in 3D simply and double connected domains with a smooth complex geometry with applications in optics
Authors: El-Gamel Mohamed , Nassar Nader R. , El-Shenawy Atallah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper introduces an innovative approach for addressing the Poisson equation in simply and doubly connected 3D domains with irregular surfaces, which has significant implications in various scientific and engineering fields, such as irregular cross-section optical waveguides and electromagnetic wave propagation. The Poisson equation is extensively utilized across disciplines like physics, engineering, and mathematics, and its solution offers insight into diverse physical phenomena. The solution to the Poisson equation is helpful in constructing potentials crucial for the comprehension and design of optical and electromagnetic systems. The application of Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) collocation method with changeable form parameters presents novel opportunities for precise and efficient resolutions of this significant equation. Our methodology is relevant to both simply and doubly connected three-dimensional domains with irregular surfaces, frequently seen in various practical applications, such as complex waveguide geometries. Seven instances are presented for various complex simply and doubly connected 3D domains, illustrating the efficacy of the suggested Poisson solver in generating potentials to improve the precision and efficiency of the method. The proposed method can be considered as a benchmark solver for such type of problems appearing in optics and electromagnetic wave engineering. keyword: Radial Basis Functions, Simply Connected Domains, Double Connected Domains, Variable shape parameter, Three dimensional Laplace equation, Three dimensional Poisson Equation.
Linear independence of special values of Jacobi-theta constants
Authors: Karmakar Debasish , Kumar Veekesh , Thangadurai R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Let

$$m \ge 2$$

m
≥
2

be any integer and let

$$\beta >1$$

β
>
1

be a real algebraic integer such that all its other Galois conjugates have absolute value less than or equal to 1. Let

$$a_1, a_2, \ldots , a_m$$

a
1

,

a
2

,
…
,

a
m

be distinct positive integers. In this article we prove that the following infinite sums

$$\begin{aligned} 1, \quad \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }\frac{1}{\beta ^{a_1 n^2}}, \quad \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }\frac{1}{\beta ^{a_2 n^2}}, \ldots , \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }\frac{1}{\beta ^{a_m n^2}} \end{aligned}$$

1
,

∑

n
=
1

∞

1

β

a
1

n
2

,

∑

n
=
1

∞

1

β

a
2

n
2

,
…
,

∑

n
=
1

∞

1

β

a
m

n
2

are

$$\mathbb {Q}(\beta )$$

Q
(
β
)

-linearly independent. As a consequence, we prove the linear independence of special values of Jacobi-theta constants.
A bibliometric analysis of research on blackberry micropropagation
Authors: Regni Luca , Cesarini Arianna , Micheli Maurizio , Proietti Primo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To date there is a growth in fresh and processed blackberry consumption and consequently in their cultivation. The increase in blackberry cultivation increases the demand for quality nursery material for new grove planting. Among plant propagation methods, micropropagation is gaining increasing interest because it allows to overcome some of the disadvantages associated with traditional agamic propagation methods, mostly cuttings and grafting. Several articles about blackberry micropropagation were published despite a comprehensive bibliometric review of the scientific literature. Therefore, the present article analyzed the papers in the Web of Science and Scopus on “blackberry micropropagation” to deepen the published scientific documents' evolution, trends, and macroareas. Analyzed parameters included subject and category areas, core sources of publication, country of publication, document type, language of publication, publication output, authorship, distribution of author keywords and most-frequently cited article. A total of 78 scientific documents in the field of blackberry micropropagation were found with the research strategy adopted from 1998 to 2024. The principal WoS categories were Horticulture, Agronomy, and Agriculture Multidisciplinary while in Scopus they were Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Veterinary and Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology. Brazil and Romania are the countries with the most publications in both databases and the authors with the highest number of documents are affiliated with Brazilian, Serbian, Canadian, and Romanian institutions. The present bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview on the scientific publications on blackberry micropropagation. The findings of this study highlight the multidisciplinary nature of blackberry micropropagation research, involving contributions from various scientific disciplines.
Towards a method for quantifying health benefits from economic value in social life cycle assessment
Authors: Arvidsson Rickard , Nordelöf Anders 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The economic value generated in processes along product life cycles can satisfy the needs and pleasures of the earners. In this study, we investigate whether that economic value can lead to positive health benefits for workers and other people through subsequent economic exchanges, and whether such benefits can be quantified in the context of social life cycle assessment (SLCA).

Methods
A brief literature review on the connection between the generation of economic value and health is provided. This review identifies two main impact pathways: the materialistic pathway and the psychosocial pathway. Of these, this paper focusses on developing characterization factors for the materialistic pathway. They are derived by multiplying a country-level income health factor (IHF) with a process-level value added (VA). The IHF was derived from a regression analysis of country-level life expectancy and income data. The VA can be calculated for each individual process based on differences in constituent and output prices.

Results and discussion
IHFs are highest for low-income countries, such as Somalia, and lowest for high-income countries, such as Luxembourg. The characterization factors can be multiplied by flows related to the functional unit, yielding results in disability-adjusted life years (DALY). The approach is illustrated with a simple unit process representing artisanal cobalt mining, showing that the magnitude of positive health impacts from economic value can be considerable, which suggests it is important to consider these in SLCA.

Conclusions
This work takes further steps towards developing a method that relates the generation of economic value to positive health impacts, with explicitly calculated characterization factors and fewer constraints compared to previous attempts at assessing health benefits from economic value in SLCA. Limitations include the need for continuous updates of the characterization factors.
Anxiety Disorders, Anxious Symptomology and Related Behaviors Associated With Migraine: A Narrative Review of Prevalence and Impact
Authors: Raudenská Jaroslava , Macko Tomáš , Vodičková Šárka , Buse Dawn C. , Javůrková Alena 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between migraine, anxiety and related disorders, anxious symptomology and related behaviors.

Recent Findings
Generalized anxiety, other anxious disorders and migraine are comorbid. In addition, anxious symptomology and behaviors are common in people with migraine even if they do not meet diagnostic criteria or threshold. Anxiety including diagnosed disorders such as generalized anxiety, phobias, panic disorder, as well as behaviors such as catastrophizing, avoidance behaviors, and higher fear of headache/migraine or anxiety sensitivity are comorbid and/or common in migraine. Anxiety is associated with negative outcomes such as migraine progression, medication overuse, stigma and migraine-related disability.

Summary
The association between migraine, anxiety, and fear and avoidance behaviors has an extensive empirical basis. Awareness of the high prevalence of comorbidity and symptomology as well as the negative outcomes associated with anxiety and related symptoms and behaviors is important in the comprehensive management of people with migraine. Better understanding the relationship between migraine and anxiety symptoms and behaviors and their effects on outcomes is essential to provide more effective treatment for people with migraine. The review emphasizes the necessity of screening and more comprehensive evaluation in patients with migraine using psychological diagnostic tools. Thus, prevention and management of anxiety, fear, and anxiety-related behaviors in the context of migraine management may be considered an essential treatment goal and strategies may include non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches.
Functional fermented fruit juice production and characterization by using water kefir grains
Authors: Dikmetas Dilara Nur , Acar Emine Gizem , Ceylan Fatma Duygu , İlkadım Furkan , Özer Hayrettin , Karbancioglu-Guler Funda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, production and characterization of probiotic beverages using water kefir grains with apple, orange, dragon and kiwifruit juices were aimed. The total phenolic and antioxidant capacity, phenolic profiles and physicochemical properties of the beverages were investigated to determine the impact of fermentation. The results showed that fermentation period significantly affects the lactic acid bacteria and yeast counts, organic acid content and phenolic profile of the produced beverages. The yeast, mesophilic lactic cocci and Lactobacillus count in beverages were changed within the range 5.59–8.57 log CFU/mL, 4.20–7.49 log CFU/mL and 4.36–7.37 log CFU/mL, respectively. The highest Lactobacillus spp. and mesophilic lactic cocci counts were determined in dragon juice (7.78 log CFU/mL) and kiwifruit juice (7.23 log CFU/mL) (48 h), respectively. Up to 21 phenolic compounds were identified in the juice samples. Chlorogenic acid and rutin were the major phenolic compounds detected in all fruit juices samples. Lactic acid level in all beverages increased during fermentation up to 9.03 g/L in fermented dragon juice. Furthermore, the ethyl alcohol concentration in beverages is within the regulatory limitations for non-alcoholic beverages. According to the finding, dragon, apple, orange and kiwifruit juices can be fermented with water kefir grains to produce non-dairy, functional, and probiotic beverages.

Graphical Abstract