bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
التأثير المتبادل بين القوى السياسية العراقية (1958-1968)
Authors: م . رغد فلاح عبد كاظم الخزرجي  
Published: November 2023

إنَّ دراسة طبيعة التأثير المتبادل بين السلطات السياسية العراقية ( 1958-1968) ليس بالمهمة السهلة ، لأنَّ التركيبة السياسية في العراق امتازت بالتعدد القومي والديني والعرقي فضلا عن الانعكاسات التي يولدها ذلك التنوع في اطار الدولة الواحدة ، أنَّ السلطات السياسية التي حكمت البلاد لم يكن هدفها بناء دولة مستقرة ، وبذلك افتقد البلد الى التنمية وحاول كل اتجاه فرض طروحاته على الاخر . كما غابت الحياة البرلمانية في النظام الجمهوري العراقي(1958-1968) ، كان فقدان الاتجاه السياسي الناجح هو بسب الافتقار الى البرنامج السياسي الملائم لطبيعة التعددية القومية والدينية في العراق ، فضلا عن فقدان الخبرات السياسية ، وبذلك لم يستطعْ النظام الجمهوري أنْ يتبنى معياراً ومبدأ يحكم البلاد ، كان الاعتماد على الجماهير لتسوية أي نزاع سياسي خطر على مستقبل البلاد ، لأنَّه من الصعب السيطرة على الفوضى إذ تصرف الجماهير وفق ميولهم وعواطفهم ، كان يجب أنْ تقتصر المنافسة على النخب وأنْ يتمَّ الاعتماد في تمثيل الجماهير على الانتخابات او الاستفتاء ، لكن اندثار القواعد السياسية التي تحكم التأثيرات السياسية أدت الى يصبح العنف الأداة المفضلة لتحقيق الأهداف السياسية ،وبذلك لم يكن التأثير المتبادل للقوى السياسية ايجابيا، ولم ينتج عنه بناء دولة مستقرة كما كان يأمل الشعب ، اذا ان حلم تحقيق العدالة الاجتماعية تحطم بسب ميل القوى السياسية الى تبني ايديولوجيتها ، وتدخل الجيش في السياسية مما ولد عنف اكثر ، وهذا لا يعني ان ثقافة العنف كانت غائبة خلال العهد الملكي الا انها لم تكن مزمنة ،أصبحت السلطة في الحقبة الجمهورية اكثر دكتاتوريه وتم اهمال المؤسسات التمثيلية وهذا ما وفر أرضية مناسب لحدوث انقلاب 1968 .
التسليم عامل لاستثمار الشيء المرهون " دراسة مقارنة "
Authors: د. علي علوي القزويني  , الباحث/ صفاء مكي حمزة ساجت  
Published: November 2023

يُعد التسليم في عقد الرهن الحيازي أو ما يسمى بالقبض في الفقه الإسلامي النقطة التي تنطلق منها مباشرة المرتهن باستثمار الشيء المرهون ، لذا يعدُّ التسليم أو القبض أهمَّ عامل لاستثمار الشيء المرهون لقوله تعالى: " وان كنتم على سفر ولم تجدوا كاتبا فرهان مقبوضة " ، وبما ان انتقال الحيازة تبرز أهميتها في الرهن الحيازي فقط دون الرهن التأميني ، لذا سنقتصر الكلام في هذا البحث على الرهن الحيازي فقط ، من خلال تقسيم هذا البحث إلى مبحثین نتعرض في المبحث الأول الى ان التسليم عامل لاستثمار الشيء المرهون في القانون اما المبحث الثاني فنخصصه للتسلیم عامل لاستثمار الشيء المرهون في الفقه الإسلامي
THE EFFECT OF CREDIT PROVISION AND CREDIT RISK ON RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE) AT PT BANK SULSELBAR MAKASSAR CITY
Authors: Nurwafiyyah Auliyah , Kumala Putri P Andi Sri , Kurnia Fakhruddin 
Published: November 2023

Auliyah Nurwafiyyah. 2018. The Effect of Credit Provision and Credit Risk on Return On Equity (ROE) at Bank Sulselbar. Supervisor : Suriyanti and Munawir Nasir.
This study aims to examine the effect of lending and credit risk having a significant impact on Return On Equity (ROE) in banking companies in South Sulawesi. The data in this study was obtained from the financial statements of banking companies in South Sulawesi.
This study uses secondary data by making observations by visiting the Capital Market Information Center (PIPM). The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis using a Likert scale with the help of SPSS analysis.
The results showed that partially, the provision of credit has a positive and insignificant effect on Return On Equity (ROE). In contrast, credit risk has a negative and significant impact on Return On Equity (ROE). Simultaneously, credit and credit risk affect Return On Equity (ROE).
EFFECT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON ASSET GROWTH AND FIRM VALUE (STUDY ON SERVICE COMPANIES IN THE PROPERTY AND REAL ESTATE SECTOR ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE)
Authors: Makmur Mariam , Kurnia M Fakhruddin , Yanti Nur Eva 
Published: November 2023

The Effect of Capital Structure on Asset Growth and Firm Value in Property and Real Estate Sector Service Companies in 2014 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study aims to examine the effect of capital structure on asset growth and firm value in the property and real estate sectors. The population of this study is the property and real estate sector service companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014 totaling 42 companies. The sampling method used is a non-probability sampling approach, namely saturated sample. Data analysis method using Warp –PLS 5.0. The results of the study found that the relationship between capital structure and company value was negative and significant. The relationship between capital structure and firm value mediated by asset growth is negative and significant. This study uses the trade off theory.

Keywords: Capital Structure, Asset Growth and Firm Value.
Catalytic Dry-reforming of Methane Process with Co,Ni,Pd/Ca-La-O Mixed Oxides
Authors: Al-Doghachi Faris Jasim , Al-Najar Ali M. A. , Safa-Gamal M. , Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin 
Published: November 2023

A surfactant-assisted co-precipitation method was used to prepare the catalysts Co,Ni,Pd/CaO, Co,Ni,Pd/Ca0.97La3+0.03O, Co,Ni,Pd/Ca0.93La3+0.07O, and Co,Ni,Pd/Ca0.85La3+0.15O (1% each of Co, Ni, and Pd). La2O3 doping effect on the activity and stability of Co,Ni,Pd/CaO catalysts was investigated in dry reforming of methane. Catalysts were characterized by several techniques (X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Temperature Programmed Desorption H2 (H2-TPR), Transmission electron microscopes (TEM), and Temperature Gravimetric Analysis (TGA)) and were tested in a fixed-bed reactor at 900 °C and (Gas Hourly Specific Velocity (GHSV) = 15000 mL.gcat−1.h−1, atmospheric pressure). Adding La2O3 had little effect on the morphology of the Co,Ni,Pd/CaO catalyst. However, it played a crucial role in enhancing the catalyst’s reducibility and CO2 adsorption at high temperatures, as indicated by the activity and stability of the Co,Ni,Pd/CaO catalyst. The carbon deposition on utilized catalysts after 5 hours at 900 °C was examined using TEM and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. Compared to Co,Ni,Pd/CaO catalysts across the entire temperature range, the tri-metallic Co,Ni,Pd/Ca0.85La3+0.15O catalyst with a lanthanum promoter demonstrated a greater conversion of CH4 (84%) and CO2 (92 %) at a 1:1 CH4:CO2 ratio. The selectivity of H2/CO reduced in the following order: Co,Ni,Pd/Ca0.85La3+0.15O > Co,Ni,Pd/Ca0.93La3+0.07O > Co,Ni,Pd/Ca0.97La3+0.03O > Co,Ni,Pd/CaO. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Label-free quantification of host cell protein impurity in recombinant hemoglobin materials
Authors: Henrion André , Arsene Cristian-Gabriel , Liebl Maik , O’Connor Gavin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuantitative analysis relies on pure-substance primary calibrators with known mass fractions of impurity. Here, label-free quantification (LFQ) is being evaluated as a readily available, reliable method for determining the mass fraction of host cell proteins (HCPs) in bioengineered proteins which are intended for use as protein calibration standards. In this study a purified hemoglobin-A2 (HbA2) protein, obtained through its overexpression in E. coli, was used. Two different materials were produced: natural and U15N-labeled HbA2. For the quantification of impurities, precursor ion (MS1-) intensities were integrated over all E. coli proteins identified and divided by the intensities obtained for HbA2. This ratio was calibrated against the corresponding results for an E. coli cell lysate, which had been spiked at known mass ratios to pure HbA2. To demonstrate the universal applicability of LFQ, further proteomes (yeast and human K562) were then alternatively used for calibration and found to produce comparable results. Valid results were also obtained when the complexity of the calibrator was reduced to a mix of just nine proteins, and a minimum of five proteins was estimated to be sufficient to keep the sampling error below 15%. For the studied materials, HbA2 mass fractions (or purities) of 923 and 928 mg(HbA2)/g(total protein) were found with expanded uncertainties (U) of 2.8 and 1.3%, resp. Value assignment by LFQ thus contributes up to about 3% of the overall uncertainty of HbA2 quantification when these materials are used as calibrators. Further purification of the natural HbA2 yielded a mass fraction of 999.1 mg/g, with a negligible uncertainty (U = 0.02%), though at a significant loss of material. If an overall uncertainty of 5% is acceptable for protein quantification, working with the original materials would therefore definitely be viable, circumventing the need of further purification.
Microbial Diversity in African Foods and Beverages: A Systematic Assessment
Authors: Ghosh Soumya , Bornman Charné , Meskini Maryam , Joghataei Mehri 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article provides a comprehensive and in-depth examination of the microbial diversity inherent in African food and beverages, with a particular emphasis on fermented products. It identifies and characterizes the dominant microorganisms, including both prokaryotes and yeasts, prevalent in these foods, and furthermore, critically analyzes the health benefits of these microbial strains, especially their probiotic properties, which could potentially improve digestion and contribute to human health. Notably, it underscores the vital role these microorganisms play in bolstering food security across Africa by enhancing and preserving food quality and safety. It also delves into the potential applications of microbial products, such as metabolites, in the food industry, suggesting their possible use in food processing and preservation. Conclusively, with a summarization of the key findings, emphasizing the importance of gaining a deep understanding of microbial diversity in African beverages and foods. Such knowledge is crucial not only in promoting food security but also in advancing public health.
Graphical Abstract
Neutralizing tumor-related inflammation and reprogramming of cancer-associated fibroblasts by Curcumin in breast cancer therapy
Authors: Jalilian Elnaz , Abolhasani-Zadeh Firoozeh , Afgar Ali , Samoudi Arash , Zeinalynezhad Hamid , Langroudi Ladan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTumor-associated inflammation plays a vital role in cancer progression. Among the various stromal cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts are promising targets for cancer therapy. Several reports have indicated potent anti-inflammatory effects attributed to Curcumin. This study aimed to investigate whether inhibiting the inflammatory function of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) with Curcumin can restore anticancer immune responses. CAFs were isolated from breast cancer tissues, treated with Curcumin, and co-cultured with patients' PBMCs to evaluate gene expression and cytokine production alterations. Blood and breast tumor tissue samples were obtained from 12 breast cancer patients with stage II/III invasive ductal carcinoma. Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) + CAFs were extracted from tumor tissue, treated with 10 μM Curcumin, and co-cultured with corresponding PBMCs. The expression of smooth muscle actin-alpha (α-SMA), Cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), production of PGE2, and immune cell cytokines were evaluated using Real-Time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Analyzes showed that treatment with Curcumin decreased the expression of genes α-SMA and COX-2 and the production of PGE2 in CAFs. In PBMCs co-cultured with Curcumin-treated CAFs, the expression of FoxP3 decreased along with the production of TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-4. An increase in IFN-γ production was observed that followed by increased T-bet expression. According to our results, Curcumin could reprogram the pro-tumor phenotype of CAFs and increase the anti-tumor phenotype in PBMCs. Thus, CAFs, as a component of the tumor microenvironment, are a suitable target for combination immunotherapies of breast cancer.
Land revenue, inequality, and development in colonial India (1880–1910)
Authors: Caum-Julio Jordi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In my dissertation, I explore how colonial land institutions influenced both income inequality and the provision and funding of hospitals in colonial India. To do so, I present the first income inequality estimates assessing its evolution and levels across provinces and districts as well as a novel georeferenced hospital-level database. Findings suggest that the introduction of different colonial landownership rights—granting landownership and land revenue liability either to intermediaries or cultivators—explain differences in agricultural income inequality across districts and correlate with its evolution. These different landownership rights also affected the funding of hospitals through its interaction with local agency.
From medical therapy to mechanical support: strategies for device selection and implantation techniques
Authors: Bertoldi Letizia F , Montisci Andrea , Westermann Dirk , Iannaccone Mario , Panoulas Vasileios , Werner Nikos , Mangner Norman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a complex clinical syndrome with a high risk of mortality. The recent, rapid development of temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) has altered CS treatment. While catecholamines remain the cornerstone of CS therapy, tMCS usage has increased. According to shock severity, different treatment strategies including catecholamines alone, catecholamines and tMCS, or multiple tMCS might be used. State-of-the-art implantation techniques are necessary to avoid complications linked to the invasive nature of tMCS. In particular, bleeding and access-site complications might counteract the potential haemodynamic benefit of a percutaneous ventricular assist device. In this review, we describe the role of catecholamines in CS treatment and present the different tMCS devices with an explanation on how to use them according to CS aetiology and severity. Finally, an overview of the best practice for device implantation is provided.
Polygenic risk scores associate with blood pressure traits across the lifespan
Authors: Øvretveit Karsten , Ingeström Emma M L , Spitieris Michail , Tragante Vinicius , Wade Kaitlin H , Thomas Laurent F , Wolford Brooke N , Wisløff Ulrik , Gudbjartsson Daniel F , Holm Hilma , Stefansson Kari , Brumpton Ben M , Hveem Kristian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Aims
Hypertension is a major modifiable cause of morbidity and mortality that affects over 1 billion people worldwide. Blood pressure (BP) traits have a strong genetic component that can be quantified with polygenic risk scores (PRSs). To date, the performance of BP PRSs has mainly been assessed in adults, and less is known about polygenic hypertension risk in childhood.

Methods and results
Multiple PRSs for systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and pulse pressure were developed using either genome-wide significant weights, pruning and thresholding, or Bayesian regression. Among 87 total PRSs, the top performer for each trait was applied in independent cohorts of children and adult to assess genotype-phenotype associations and disease risk across the lifespan. Differences between those with low (1st decile), average (2nd–9th decile), and high (10th decile) PRS emerge in the first years of life and are maintained throughout adulthood. These diverging BP trajectories also seem to affect cardiovascular and renal disease risk, with increased risk observed among those in the top decile and reduced risk among those in the bottom decile of the polygenic risk distribution compared with the rest of the population.

Conclusion
Genetic risk factors are associated with BP traits across the lifespan, beginning in the first years of life. Given the importance of exposure time in disease pathogenesis and the early rise in BP levels among those genetically susceptible, PRSs may help identify high-risk individuals prior to hypertension onset, facilitate primordial prevention, and reduce the burden of this public health challenge.
Genetic data are not always personal—disaggregating the identifiability and sensitivity of genetic data
Authors: Rahnasto Johanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In both the EU and USA, genetic data are recognized as a special category of data that requires heightened privacy protection. Identifiability and sensitivity are central pillars of the regulatory framework in both jurisdictions: the privacy concerns stem from the assumption that genetic data are capable of identifying the individual and reveals sensitive information about them. But not all genetic data are identifiable and sensitive, nor are genetic data necessarily different from other types of big data in terms of these issues. This article argues that a more nuanced approach is needed to assess the threat to privacy interests posed by uses of genetic data. The privacy interests involved should be distinguished in terms of proposed use, the amount of data in question, and its uniqueness and informational content. When these factors are disaggregated, it is clear that both regulatory schemes could better achieve their goals by focusing more on the ways genetic data can be used rather than on their status as a special category of data.
Dollar Safety and the Global Financial Cycle
Authors: Jiang Zhengyang , Krishnamurthy Arvind , Lustig Hanno 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We develop a model of the global financial cycle with one key ingredient: the international demand for safe dollar assets. The model matches patterns of dollar borrowing and currency mismatch, the U.S. external balance sheet, exorbitant privilege, spillovers of the U.S. monetary policy to the rest of the world, and the dollar as a global risk factor. In doing so, we lay out a novel transmission mechanism through which the U.S. monetary policy affects the currency market and the global economy. The global financial cycle is a dollar cycle.
Sympathetic Vasoconstriction is Attenuated in Young Women During Hypoxia and Cold Pressor Test
Authors: Ross Amanda J. , Muller Matthew D. , Luck J. Carter , Cui Jian , Sinoway Lawrence I. 
Published: November 2023

Recent studies suggest that muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at rest is correlated to vascular resistance in young men but not in young women. We hypothesized that increases in MSNA during acute physiological stressors induce less vasoconstriction in young women compared to young men. Nineteen healthy humans participated in this study (5 young women, 5 young men, 5 older men, 4 older women). Subjects underwent poikilocapnic hypoxia (5 min, 10% O2, 90% N2) and the cold pressor test (hand in ice water at 0° C for 2 min). MSNA, femoral blood velocity, heart rate, and blood pressure were acquired continuously. Femoral artery diameter was obtained every minute and used to calculate femoral blood flow (FBF) and vascular resistance (FVR). In response to hypoxia, young women had a similar increase in MSNA compared to young men (Δ 6 ± 1 vs. Δ 7 ± 2, bursts/min, P = 0.632) but an exaggerated increase in FBF (Δ 67 ± 10 vs. Δ 32 ± 14 mL/min, P = 0.031) and a greater reduction in FVR (45 ± 4% vs. 24 ± 9%, P = 0.050). In response to cold pressor test, young women had an attenuated rise in MSNA (Δ 5 ± 1 vs. Δ 26 ± 3, bursts/min, P = 0.008) and a smaller increase in FVR (8 ± 17% vs. 173 ± 48%, P = 0.037) compared to young men. Physiological responses to hypoxia and cold pressor test were comparable between older men and women (P > 0.1). These data suggest that young women have decreased sympathetic vasoconstrictor drive during physiological stress, which may explain decreased cardiovascular risk.Support or Funding InformationUL1 TR000127, KL2 TR000126, P01 HL096570, 15PRE24470033
Mapping multiscalar variability dynamics in 1/f physiologic phase space for tracking the state of sepsis patients
Authors: Vandendriessche Benjamin , Abas Mustafa , Dick Thomas E , Loparo Kenneth A , Jacono Frank J 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveEarly diagnosis of patients at‐risk for sepsis is paramount to their survival and recovery. However, identification of these patients is still based on snapshot observations, rather than on continuous data from real‐time monitoring systems that can generate a high‐resolution and comprehensive picture of the dynamical status of an individual patient. Quantifying changes in the nonlinear dynamics of physiologic waveforms can act as a proxy for a patients’ status but significant hurdles have to be overcome to understand how neural control mechanisms drive these dynamics and how they are influenced by systemic inflammation and the resulting multiple organ dysfunction.Methods(A) A waveform database of sepsis patients with vasopressor dependency that includes: (1) continuous acquisition of high‐resolution EKG, blood pressure and exhaled CO2 waveforms in a medical intensive care unit (MICU); (2) high‐throughput physiologic feature extraction from multi‐day waveform recordings via custom‐developed software; and (3) generation of a comprehensive database of waveform features (including inter‐beat intervals, respiratory phase transitions and measures of cardioventilatory coupling). (B) Constructing a physiologic phase space: (1) generation of a database of synthetic time series encompassing a wide spectrum of noise with 1/f spectral characteristics; (2) training an artificial neural network (ANN) to classify specific dynamical patterns in the synthetic time series in relation to progression of systemic inflammation, based on a proof‐of‐concept study in animal models of sepsis1; and (3) semi‐continuous classification of patient variability pattern dynamics via the ANN.ResultsA tool was developed that maps the ANN classification results in a physiologic phase space to visualize transitions from (meta)stable to unstable time series dynamics. The phase space provides a fast and straightforward interpretation of the variability of complex dynamical patterns as they fluctuate with time. For the patient data analyzed to date, the presence of primarily unstable variability dynamics tracked significantly with in‐hospital mortality (p < 0.05). Furthermore, state transitions from unstable to (meta)stable dynamics and v.v. tracked with certain MICU alarm triggering events.ConclusionsCluster analysis of a larger number of patients may identify state transitions that are predictive of clinical decompensation and/or vasopressor dependency in sepsis patients with higher sensitivity than current clinical approaches.Support or Funding InformationClinical and Translational Science Collaborative Pilot Award (CON501510‐V101); BV holds a postdoctoral fellowship from the Belgian‐American Educational Foundation (BAEF).
Enhanced expression of renal AQP2 and ENaC in rats with chronic heart failure: a role for renal nerves
Authors: Zheng Hong , Fleecs Jacob , Liu Xuefei , Patel Kaushik P 
Published: November 2023

Previously we have shown that increased expression of renal epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) subunits may contribute to the renal sodium and water retention observed during chronic heart failure (CHF). The goal of this study was to examine whether renal denervation (RDN) changes the expression of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) and two major renal sodium transporters ENaC and sodium‐hydrogen exchanger‐3 proteins (NHE3)] in rats with CHF. CHF was produced by left coronary artery ligation in rats. Four weeks after ligation surgery, bilateral RDN were performed. Western blot analysis indicated that RDN (one week later) significantly reduced enhanced protein levels of AQP2 (1.30±0.20 vs. 0.33±0.09, P<0.05), alpha‐ENaC (0.43±0.09 vs. 0.25±0.06, P<0.05), beta‐ENaC (0.11±0.03 vs. 0.05 ± 0.01, P<0.05) and gamma‐ENaC (0.89±0.15 vs. 0.44±0.09, P<0.05) subunits in the renal cortex of CHF rats compared to the CHF non‐denervated group. RDN had no significant effects on the protein expression of kidney NHE3 in both sham and CHF rats. These findings suggest a critical role for renal nerves in the enhanced expression of AQP2 and ENaC and subsequent pathophysiology of renal water and sodium retention associated with CHF.Support or Funding InformationSupported by NIH grants HL124104 and HL62222