bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectator partons' contribution in the rapidity width of lamda in p+p collisions at various SPS and LHC energies: A possible new mechanism of baryogenesis
Authors: Hussain Nur , Barman Banajit , Bhattacharjee Buddhadeb 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pseudorapidity distributions of all primary charged particles produced in p+p collisions at various Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies using UrQMD-3.4 and PYTHIA8.2-generated events are estimated and compared with the existing results of UA5 and ALICE collaborations. With both the sets of generated data, the variation of rapidity widths of different mesons and baryons of p+p collisions at various Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and LHC energies with the rest masses of the studied hadrons are presented. An increase in the width of the rapidity distribution of lamda, similar to heavy-ion data, could be seen in p+p collisions as well from SPS to the LHC energies (up to sqrt{s}=13 TeV) when the entire rapidity space is considered, indicating its universal feature both in p+p and A+A collisions. The genesis of the increased width of rapidity distribution of lamda in p+p collision is found to be in the preferential production of light flavored quarks and diquarks from the spectator partons of the colliding hadrons resulting a baryon asymmetry (net baryon density > 0) at the extreme rapidities of the studied p+p collisions. At the LHC energies for central p+p collision, when there is no spectator partons, the rapidity width of lamda is found to take the same Gaussian shape as that of anti-lamda and the widths of both the distributions become the same confirming no non-trivial contribution to the rapidity width of lamda as seen in heavy-ion and non-central p+p collisions.
Variable Chaplygin Gas: Contraining parameters using FRBs
Authors: Sethi Geetanjali , Sharma Udish , Makhijani Nadia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We investigate the cosmological constraints on the Variable Chaplygin gas model with the latest obser-vational data from the Fast Radio Bursts and SNeIa (Pantheon+SHOES). The Variable Chaplygin gas model is shown to be compatible with Type Ia Supernovae and Fast Radio Burts. We have obtained tighter constraints on cosmological parameters Bs and n, using the the FRB data set. By using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method on the SNeIa data set, we obtain Bs=0.1956 ± 0.1047, n = 1.3581 ± 1.1678 and H0= 70.3902 ± 0.6381 and we obtain Bs= 0.1780 ± 0.1069, n = 1.2633 ± 1.2433 and H0 = 70.3976 ± 0.6597 from the FRB data set. We are able to get a good agreement between the H0 values from the two data sets
Application of Grey Wolf Particle Filter Algorithm based on Golden Section in WSN Mobile Target Tracking
Authors: Peng Duo , Xie Kun , Liu MingShuo , Wang ChanFei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) mobile target tracking algorithm based on the golden section grey wolf particle filter (PF) is proposed to address the problem of low tracking accuracy caused by sample impoverishment. This algorithm guides the particles as a whole to move towards randomly selected regions with higher weights, effectively adjusting the global exploration and local exploration capabilities of the particle swarm, and improving the problems of sample impoverishment and local extreme values. Additionally, this method increases the diversity of the particle swarm, further improving the tracking performance. The filtering tracking is performed using a constant velocity circular motion model (CM). The Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm and PF algorithm are compared with this algorithm using the root mean square error as the evaluation metric. The results of the simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm reduces the root mean square error by 57% and 37% compared to the above-mentioned algorithms, respectively.
Enhancing Understanding of English Phrasal Verbs in First-Year ELT Students Through Cognitive-Linguistic Methods
Authors: Alisoy Hasan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study explores the effectiveness of employing cognitive-linguistic methods in teaching English phrasal verbs to first-year English Language Teaching (ELT) students. Distinct from traditional rote memorization techniques, our approach integrates innovative teaching tools such as colored markers and storytelling exercises. Colored markers are utilized to visually differentiate the components of phrasal verbs, enhancing understanding and retention. Storytelling exercises, on the other hand, provide students with contextual and practical applications of phrasal verbs, thereby fostering a deeper comprehension. This methodological shift towards a more interactive and engaging learning process has shown significant improvements in students’ proficiency and confidence in using phrasal verbs. The findings of this study contribute to the broader discourse in ELT pedagogy, offering a novel approach that not only simplifies the learning of phrasal verbs but also integrates them seamlessly into the learners' linguistic repertoire. This research underscores the potential of cognitive-linguistic methods in enhancing language acquisition, especially in complex areas like phrasal verbs, thereby marking a significant contribution to modern ELT practices.
Infiltration performance evaluation of a 15-year-old concrete grid paver parking area (Italy)
Authors: Rossetto Rudy , Lenti Alessandro , Ercoli Laura , Sebastiani Luca , Joodavi Ataollah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The management of urban stormwater needs a wide array of environmentally friendly solutions to safeguard water resources and improve the quality of the urban environment. In that, permeable pavements, a type of sustainable drainage system, are designed to reduce the volume and peak flow of stormwater on-site, improve infiltrating water quality, and combat the urban heat island phenomena. In this study, we tested the infiltration capacity of 15-year-old concrete grid pavers (CGPs) using single ring infiltrometer tests. We investigated how various factors, including location within the parking space, affect infiltration rates. Despite no maintenance and 15 years of operation, the infiltration capacity of the CGPs still exceeds the minimum infiltration capacity of 1.62 mm/min as required in many European regions. This may be due to the presence of soil cracks and the development of plant roots and insect/microorganism activities within the pavement voids. Indeed, this ‘living soil system’ continuously develops and counteracts the formation of clogging, interacting with the compaction process. Our study demonstrates that incorporating CGPs is effective in addressing emerging challenges associated with urban hydrology. Due to effectiveness and limited maintenance requirements, CGPs could be successfully included in long term climate adaptation measures.
Pharmacokinetics, Mass Balance, Tissue Distribution and Metabolism of
[14C]101BHG-D01, a Novel Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist, in Rats
Authors: Gao Huaye , Yang Cheng , Hu Wenhui , Ding Juefang , Diao Xingxing , Zheng Yuandong , Shu Chang , Ding Li 
Published: December 2023

Background::
101BHG-D01, a novel long-acting and selective muscarinic receptor antagonist for
the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is undergoing Phase Ib clinical trial in patients
and has shown its potential efficacy. Its preparation method and medical use thereof have been patented
in the United States (Patent No.US9751875B2).

Objective::
In this study, the pharmacokinetics, mass balance, tissue distribution and metabolism of radioactive
101BHG-D01 were investigated in rats after an intravenous dose of 1 mg/kg [14C]101BHG-D01 (100 μCi/kg).

Methods::
Radioactivity in rat plasma, urine, feces, and tissues was measured by liquid scintillation counting
(LSC), and metabolite profiling and identification were conducted by UHPLC-β-RAM and UHPLC-Q-Exactive
Plus MS.

Results::
The total radioactivity of the study drug in rat plasma rapidly declined with an average terminal elimination
half-life of 0.35 h. The radioactivity in most tissues reached the maximum concentration at 0.25 h post--
dosing. The radioactivity mainly concentrated in the kidney and pancreas. The drug-related substances tended
to be distributed into the blood cells in the circulation. At 168 h post dosing, the mean recovery of the total radioactivity
in urine and feces was 78.82%. Fecal excretion was the major excretion route, accounting for approximately
61% of the radioactive dose. The study drug was metabolized extensively, and a total of 17
metabolites were identified in rat plasma, urine, and feces. The major metabolic pathways involved oxidation,
oxidation and dehydrogenation, and O-dephenylation.

Conclusion::
In conclusion, the study results are useful for better understanding the pharmacokinetic profiles
of 101BHG-D01 and provide a robust foundation for subsequent clinical studies.
Malnutrition: A Longstanding Challenge in India
Authors: Saini Ritu , Bajpai Meenakshi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
According to the World Health Organization, “malnutrition is the “deficiencies, excesses,
or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or nutrients”. Indian population has the highest
rate of adolescent malnutrition. Deficiency, Illness, Small level of education, and a range of
other factors contribute to India's malnutrition crisis. Undernutrition, micronutrient deficiency conditions,
and overnutrition are all forms of malnutrition. A malnourished always lags in every aspect
of life which will eventually affect the productivity of the country. In the 2023 Global
Hunger Index, India is positioned at 111th among 125 countries, reflecting a serious level of
hunger with a score of 28.7. India is grappling with a substantial population affected by anemia,
malnutrition, and obesity. Other than this Indian population is also affected by several other micronutrient
deficiencies. The present article provides an overview of the triple burden of malnutrition
in India by applying the literature review method and the data were collected from online
sources such as government survey reports, articles, and publications related to nutrition, healthcare
status, healthcare indicators, nutritional indicators, and healthcare survey reports, etc. A brief
introduction of the strategies followed by the Government as well as global health organisations to
combat the issue is also discussed.
Involvement of Fenton Reaction on Biodecolorization and Biodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye by Brown Rot Fungi <i>Daedalea dickinsii</i>
Authors: Purnomo Adi Setyo , Rohmah Alya Awinatul , Ekowati Weni Sri , Rizqi Hamdan Dwi , Asranudin Asranudin 
Published: December 2023

The disposal of dye wastewater has become a major global concern. Meanwhile, microorganisms have shown high potential in the treatment of wastewater pollutants. In this study, the involvement of the Fenton reaction in the biodecolorization and biodegradation of methylene blue (MB) by the brown rot fungus Daedalea dickinsii was investigated. Subsequently, D. dickinsii is a fungus capable of producing hydroxyl radicals (•OH). This experiment was conducted with an initial MB concentration of 75 mg/L, and different incubation times of 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d respectively. The result showed that the Fenton reaction played an important role, and this was demonstrated by the addition of FeSO4 as a Fe2+ source. The removal of MB by D. dickinsii with the addition of Fe2+ reached 91.454% at 28 d in a mineral salt medium. It was higher compared to D. dickinsii culture treatment without Fe2+ addition, 86.427%. Furthermore, the metabolic degradation product was analyzed using LC-TOF/MS and identified as 2-amino-3-hydroxy-5-(methylamino) benzenesulfonic acid and N-(3,4-dihydroxy phenyl)-N-methyl formamide.
Synthesis and Characterization of Oligomer Bis(<i>trans</i>-2,3-dibromo-4-hydroxy-2-butenyl)terephthalate as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor on Mild Steel in 1 M H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> Solution
Authors: Tuama Rasha Jasim 
Published: December 2023

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste was depolymerized by trans-2,3-dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol in the presence of manganese acetate as a catalyst using microwave irradiation as opposed to the conventional heating process in order to reduce the time required for PET depolymerization. The depolymerization product bis(trans-2,3-dibromo-4-hydroxy-2-butenyl)terephthalate (BDBHBT) was isolated, characterized, and evaluated as a green inhibitor for mild corrosion steel in corrosive 1 M H3PO4 medium. This product was characterized using FTIR and 1H-NMR. The effects of immersion time, inhibitor concentration, and reaction temperature were studied. The chemical technique utilized in this study was weight loss, while the electrochemical technique employed an open circuit potential. With 0.6 g/L of BDBHBT inhibitor, the highest corrosion inhibition efficiency of 83.3% was observed. The kinetic and thermodynamic functions were calculated, and the results indicated that the investigated inhibitor was physically adsorbed on the surface and confirmed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. This study aims to lessen pollution of the environment by transforming PET waste to a beneficial oligomer BDBHBT and estimating the inhibitory effect of this product on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M H3PO4.
Hubungan Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) Terhadap Mortalitas dan Lama Rawat Inap Pasien COVID-19 Di RSUP Dr. Sardjito
Authors: Khoeri Fatkhur Roofi , Sari Djayanti , Widyastuti Yunita 
Published: December 2023

Latar belakang: COVID-19 merupakan penyakit infeksi virus yang telah menjadi pandemi dengan manifestasi klinis yang luas. Neutrophyl Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) dapat menggambarkan disregulasi sistem imun dan menjadi tanda peringatan pada pasien COVID-19 gejala ringan serta diprediksi memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian mortalitas maupun lama rawat inap. Pengukuran NLR merupakan pemeriksaan pemeriksaan darah yang sederhana sehingga mudah diaplikasikan dalam praktik klinis sehari-hari.
Metode: Observasional kohort retrospektif dilakukan dengan mengambil data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. Sardjito selama April 2020 – Maret 2021. Cut-off point NLR ditetapkan menggunakan ROC dan Youden’s Index. Analisis survival Kaplan Meier dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara NLR dengan mortalitas dan lama rawat inap. Hubungan antara NLR dan faktor lain yang mempengaruhi mortalitas dan lama rawat inap dianalisis secara univariat dan multivariat menggunakan Cox regression.
Hasil: Total subjek penelitian adalah 273 pasien yang memenuhi keriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Cut-off point ditetapkan senilai 7,62, dengan jumlah subjek penelitian NLR <7,62 sebanyak 190 pasien dan NLR >7,62 sebanyak 83 pasien. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa subjek yang memiliki nilai NLR tinggi (>7,62) secara independen dan signifikan lebih berisiko untuk mengalami kematian (HR 3,345, p<0,001). Pasien dengan NLR > 7,62 secara signifikan memiliki lama rawat inap yang lebih lama, dengan median 23 hari untuk NLR > 7,62 dan 19 hari untuk <7,62 (p =0,027). Akan tetapi, analisis multivariat tidak membuktikan NLR sebagai faktor yang paling memengaruhi lama rawat inap (p=0,090).
Kesimpulan: NLR tinggi >7,62 secara independen dan signifikan berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko mortalitas. Analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa NLR tinggi >7,62 secara signifikan terkait dengan lama rawat inap yang lebih lama pada pasien COVID-19, tetapi bukan sebagai faktor yang paling memengaruhi lama rawat inap.
FAKTOR RISIKO MORTALITAS PASIEN GERIATRI YANG DIRAWAT DI ICU RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Hendra Maijoni , Akhmad Yun  , Widodo Untung 
Published: December 2023

Latar belakang: Pasien geriatri semakin banyak yang membutuhkan pelayanan terapi intensif. Pada perawatan intensif pasien geriatri akan menunjukkan sindrom geriatri seperti delirium, gangguan sensoris dan frailty yang erat kaitannya dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Sampai saat ini di Indonesia belum ada penelitian khusus yang meneliti tentang risiko mortalitas pasien geriatri yang dirawat di ICU.
Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas pasien geriatri di ICU, sebagai bahan acuan dalam tatalaksana pasien geriatri di ICU.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional kohort retrospektif. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 162 pasien yang dirawat di ICU RSUP Dr Sardjito dalam kurun waktu 1 Januari 2020 hingga 31 Desember 2020. Faktor risiko yang telah diidentifikasi tersebut kemudian dianalisis dan diuji dengan uji student’s t-test untuk data numerik dan chi square test untuk data kategorikal. Hasil analisis dengan p<0.25 selanjutnya dilakukan uji regresi logistik. Variabel dengan nilai p<0.05 pada analisis multivariat dianggap bermakna. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan aplikasi SPSS 25.0.
Hasil: Faktor yang teridentifikasi sebagai faktor risiko mortalitas pasien geriatri di ICU RSUP Dr.Sardjito adalah komorbid ginjal berupa acute kidney injury dan chronic kidney disease (p=0.019, OR 0.364), penggunaan obat inotropik vasopresor yaitu dopamin, dobutamin, norepinefrin, epinefrin, vasopresin baik salah satu ataupun kombinasi (p=0.003, OR 0.277) dan mendapat bantuan ventilasi mekanis (p=0.004, OR 0.890) merupakan variabel yang memiliki pengaruh paling signifikan secara simultan terhadap mortalitas pasien geriatri di ICU.
Kesimpulan: Pasien geriatri yang memiliki komorbid ginjal, ventilasi mekanis invasif dan penggunaan obat-obat inotropik vasopresor merupakan faktor risiko mortalitas pasien geriatri di ICU RSUP Dr.Sardjito.
Perbandingan Angka Keberhasilan Pemasangan Laryngeal Mask Airway (Lma) Klasik pada Usaha Pertama Antara Teknik Standar dengan Modifikasi Teknik Menggunakan Rigid Stylet
Authors: Bowo Adiyanto  , IG Ngurah Rai Artika  , Sudadi  
Published: December 2023

Pendahuluan. Angka keberhasilan pemasangan LMA klasik pada usaha pertama dengan teknik standar masih rendah dan bervariasi. Berbagai teknik dan modifikasi pemasangan LMA klasik telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan dan mengurangi komplikasi. Salah satu modifikasi adalah dengan menggunakan rigid stylet. Kami berharap dengan teknik ini kelemahan pemasangan LMA klasik dengan teknik standar dapat teratasi, LMA menjadi lebih kaku, lengkung pipa lebih sesuai dengan anatomi jalan napas, dan tidak memerlukan ruang yang lebih di rongga mulut sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan pemasangannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji hipotesis bahwa pemasangan LMA klasik pada usaha pertama dengan modifikasi teknik menggunakan rigid stylet lebih baik dibandingkan teknik standar.
Metode Penelitian. Merupakan penelitian prospektif, uji klinis acak terkontrol yang dilakukan pada 88 pasien sehat (ASA I atau II) yang menjalani umum anestesi dilakukan randomisasi dan dialokasikan ke salah satu dari 2 dua kelompok yaitu teknik standar (kelompok S) dan kelompok modifikasi teknik menggunakan rigid stylet (Kelompok R). Waktu pemasangan LMA, dan komplikasi pemasangan berupa nyeri tenggorokan dan bercak darah pada LMA secara statistik dianalisa.
Hasil. Keberhasilan pemasangan LMA klasik pada usaha pertama adalah terpasangnya LMA klasik yang dinilai efektif memberikan ventilasi pada usaha yang pertama. Angka keberhasilan pemasangan LMA Klasik pada usaha pertama dengan teknik modifikasi dengan rigid stylet (93,%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan teknik standar (83,7%) secara statistik tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Waktu pemasangan secara signifikan lebih cepat pada teknik rigid stilet dibandingkan pada teknik standar. (15,52 ± 4,94 detik dibanding 7,12 ± 3,53 detik) (p<0.05).
Kesimpulan. Angka keberhasilan pemasangan LMA Klasik pada usaha pertama dengan teknik modifikasi dengan rigid stylet (93,%) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan teknik standar (83,7%) secara statistik tidak bermakna (p>0,05).
Manajemen Anestesi untuk Operasi Tutup Defek Hernia Umbilicalis pada Neonatus dengan Tetralogi of Fallot (TOF)
Authors: Ressi Bhakti W  , Bhirowo Yudo Pratomo  , IG Ngurah Rai Artika  
Published: December 2023

Tetralogi of Fallot (TOF) adalah salah satu jenis penyakit jantung bawaan sianotik yang ditandai dengan defek septum ventrikel, overriding aorta, obstruksi outflow ventrikel kanan dan hipertrofi ventrikel kanan. penatalaksanaan anestesi pada pasien TOF memerlukan pemahaman akan masalah shunting intracardiac dan obat-obat yang mempengaruhi tingkat shunting kanan ke kiri.
Dilaporkan penatalaksanaan anestesi pada pasien neonatus usia 17 hari, berat badan 3200 gram, dengan kelainan jantung bawaan Tetralogy of Fallot yang dilakukan operasi tutup defek hernia umbilikalis. Status fisik ASA III, teknik anestesi dengan anestesi umum semiopen, intubasi dengan ET no 3 tanpa cuff, nafas kendali. Pasien diberikan premedikasi dengan sulfas atropin 0,1 mg intravena, analgesi preemptif dengan Fentanyl 10 􏰃g intra vena, induksi intravena dengan Ketamin 5 mg, fasilitas intubasi dengan inhalasi Sevofluran dan pemeliharaan anestesi dengan O2, Sevofluran, Ketamin intermitten.
Selama operasi hemodinamik relatif stabil dengan HR 120 -160 x/menit, dengan saturasi oksigen berkisar 68-80%.Paska operasi pasien kembali dirawat di NICU dengan ventilator untuk support ventilasi.
Tatalaksana Gagal Jantung Perioperatif (Management of Perioperative Heart Failure)
Authors: I Made Adi Pramana  
Published: December 2023

Gagal jantung adalah kondisi patofisiologis kompleks yang ditandai oleh ketidakmampuan jantung untuk mengisi atau memompa darah pada tingkat yang tepat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan jaringan.Sindrom klinis ditandai dengan gejala sesak napas dan kelelahan dan tanda-tanda bendungan sirkulasi atau hipoperfusi. Konsekuensi hemodinamik dari gagal jantung adalah penurunan curah jantung, peningkatan LVEDP, vasokonstriksi perifer, retensi natrium dan air, dan penurunan pengiriman oksigen ke jaringan dengan perbedaan oksigen arteri- vena melebar. Gagal ventrikel kiri mengakibatkan tanda dan gejala edema paru, sedangkan gagal ventrikel kanan mengakibatkan hipertensi vena sistemik dan edema perifer.
Adanya gagal jantung telah digambarkan sebagai satu faktor risiko yang paling penting untuk prediksi morbiditas dan mortalitas perioperatif.Pada periode preoperatif, semua faktor pencetus gagal jantung harus dicari dan diobati secara agresif sebelum dilanjutkan dengan operasi elektif.Pasien yang dirawat karena gagal jantung biasanya telah mendapatkan beberapa obat yang dapat mempengaruhi tatalaksana anestesi.Semua jenis anestesi umum telah berhasil digunakan pada pasien dengan gagal jantung.Namun, dosis obat mungkin perlu disesuaikan.Pro dan kontra dari anestesi regional harus dipertimbangkan secara hati-hati pada pasien gagal jantung.Selama periode post operasi pasien sebaiknya dimonitor dan diterapi di intensive care unit.
ANESTESI SPINAL PADA SEKSIO SESARIA WANITA DENGAN KARSINOMA NASOFARING
Authors: Supraptomo  , Uyun Yusmein 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Regional anesthesia and general anesthesia can be performed in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer, although spinal anesthesia is more aggressive lowering the patient’s hemodynamic state, but the likelihood of difficult intubation in these patients becomes a consideration for regional anesthesia.
Case. 35-year-old woman, G3P1A1, 37 weeks pregnant in hospital wanted to give birth. Pasr medical history was difficult to swallow with pain and diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Spinal anesthesias was performed with lidocaine 5% dose 75 mg with adjuvant fentanyl 25 ug. Block achieved until dermatome thorakal. The duration of surgery is 60 minutes with systolic between 90-120 mmHg, diastolic between 55-80 mmHg and pulse between 100-112 times / min. Baby born with APGAR score 8-9, weight 3300 gram. Post surgery patients are treated at the Intensive Care Unit, and during treatment the hemodynamic condition is stable.
Summary. The technique of spinal block anesthesia with lidocaine 5% 75 mg with adjuvant fentanyl 25 mcg was considered quite satisfactory as anesthesia management in this case. Synergistic effects of local anesthesia and opiod provide great benefits for obtaining adequate anesthesia, thereby reducing the risk of difficult intubation if general anesthesia is performed