bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of exercise training on cardiac output in subjects with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) – a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Schoch Raphael , Gasser Benedikt , Beck Philippe , Appenzeller-Herzog Christian , Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) commonly experience exercise intolerance, resulting in reduced cardiorespiratory fitness. This is characterised by a decreased maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak), which is determined by the product of cardiac output (CO) and arteriovenous oxygen difference (a-vDO2). While exercise training has been shown to improve V̇O2peak in HFpEF patients, the effects on CO remain unclear. The aim of this study is to systematically review and analyse the current evidence on the effects of supervised exercise training on CO in patients with HFpEF.
Methods: We will systematically search for literature describing the effects of supervised exercise training on CO in patients with HFpEF. All eligible studies published before 30 June 2023 in the following electronic databases will be included: Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), SportDiscus (EBSCOhost), and CENTRAL (Cochrane Library). Effect sizes will be extracted for CO before and after a supervised exercise training intervention at rest and maximal exercise. Mass of heterogeneity (I2) will be calculated and either fixed effect models or random effect models will be used for meta-analysis. To detect a potential publication bias, funnel plot analyses will be performed.
Discussion: While several studies have reported a positive effect of supervised exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness, attempts to assess the underlying determinants of V̇O2peak, CO, and a-vDO2 are much scarcer, especially in patients with HFpEF.
From a physiological perspective, measuring CO before and after supervised exercise training seems to be a reasonable way to accurately operationalise a potential improvement in cardiac function.
PROSPERO registration number
CRD42022361485.
Constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark matter from OSIRIS-REx target asteroid Bennu
Authors: Tsai Yu-Dai , Farnocchia Davide , Micheli Marco , Vagnozzi Sunny , Visinelli Luca 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Using the OSIRIS-REx mission and ground-based tracking data for the asteroid Bennu, we derive new constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark matter. The bounds we obtain are strongest for mediator masses $m \sim 10^{-18} - 10^{-17}\,{\rm eV}$, where we currently achieve the tightest bounds. Our limits can be translated to a wide class of models leading to Yukawa-type fifth forces, and we demonstrate how they apply to $U(1)_B$ dark photons and baryon-coupled scalars. Our results demonstrate the potential of asteroid tracking in probing well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model and ultralight dark matter satisfying the fuzzy dark matter constraints.
A RsrC-RsrA-RsrB transcriptional circuit positively regulates polysaccharide-degrading enzyme biosynthesis and development in Penicillium oxalicum
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Ning Yuan-Ni , Liang Xue , Shen Xin , Tian Di , Li Wen-Tong , Luo Xue-Mei , Feng Jia-Xun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Filamentous fungi produce polysaccharide-degrading enzymes governing tolerance to changing environments, and this is controlled by a poorly understood transcriptional circuit. Here, genome-wide screening and genetic analyses reveal a novel regulatory circuit comprising RsrC-RsrA-RsrB that positively regulates the production of raw starch-degrading enzymes (RSDEs) in Penicillium oxalicum. Transcription factor (TF) RsrA is essential for biosynthesis of RSDEs. Two novel TFs, RsrB and RsrC, containing Zn2Cys6 and C2H2 zinc finger domains, respectively, act downstream and upstream of RsrA. RsrA activates transcription of rsrB, and three nucleotides (G-286, G-287 and G-292) are required for RsrA binding to rsrB. Polypeptide RsrB165-271 binds the conserved DNA sequence 5’-KBKWYSNRKNDVVBS-3’ in the promoters of genes encoding major amylases. RsrC specifically binds rsrA promoter via bases -850 to -825, but not the promoters of amylase genes. This regulatory circuit influences mycelial growth and conidia production. The findings expand the complex regulatory network of fungal RSDE biosynthesis and development.
Total cholesterol and bilirubin levels are associated with neurologic outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Authors: Lee Sang Hwan , Cho Yongil , Oh Jaehoon , Kang Hyunggoo , Lim Tae Ho , Ko Byuk Sung , Yoo Kyung Hun , Lee Juncheol 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Assessing the neurologic outcomes of patients who experience out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is challenging. Neurologic outcomes were evaluated using initial nutrition related biochemical markers.
Methods
We used data from a multicentre retrospective observational study, the Korean Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Consortium (KoCARC) registry. Among the 666 patients, 217 had good neurologic outcomes, while 449 had poor neurologic outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression and classification and regression tree (CART) analyses were employed.
Result
In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, total cholesterol ≥ 158.5 mg/dL, total bilirubin ≥ 0.265 mg/dL, Sodium < 142.1 mEq/L, AST < 200.5 U/L and were identified as significant biomarkers for good neurologic outcomes. In the CART analysis, total cholesterol ≥ 158.5 mg/dL and total bilirubin ≥ 0.365 mg/dL were found to be significant indicators. In additional analysis, when the total bilirubin level ranged from 0.6 to 0.7 mg/dL, the highest rate of a good neurologic outcome was observed at 44.6%, whereas levels below or above this range gradually indicated a lower rate of a good neurologic outcome.
Conclusion
We propose that total cholesterol and total bilirubin levels could serve as valuable indicators for predicting neurologic outcomes in patients with OHCA.
Morphologic and morphometric characterization of local goats raised in low input system under sub-tropical climate of India
Authors: Kumar Priya Ranjan , Choubey Mahipal , Kumar Anshuman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lack of knowledge on genetic and phenotypic diversity of goats and its adaptation in local environment impede the implementation of strategies for breeding and management. Hence, the present study was undertaken to characterize the local goats of Vindhyan region of India based on their morphology and morphometry. The study conducted in 308 males and 590 females indicates that the goats of studied population is small in size with black or brown coat colouration, grey skin and horns, black eyelids and hooves, black or brown muzzle and characteristics flat, curved and spiral or straight horns oriented either upward-backward-outward (93.24%) or upward-backward (6.76%). Forehead was straight to slightly convex, ears were flat, leafy and pendulous and tail was bunchy and curved upward. Beard was present on 36.14% of goat. Milk production was very low whereas dressing percentage was recorded as 47.6 ± 0.31%. The major breeding season was found to be May-July whereas litter size was recorded as 1.37. The morphological appearance and morphometric measurement of body length, height at wither, chest-girth, length of ear, horn and tail and body weight at birth, 3, 6, 9, 12 months as well as adult body weight (6 teeth) indicated that the studied goat population is phenotypically distinct from the other goats of the adjoining area and are important genetic resource of India.
Basolateral amygdala Rims1 mediates adolescent social isolation-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice
Authors: Liu Ji-Hong , Lin Lian-Hong , Li Wei-Min , Wu Qian-Yun , Li Shuang-Yan , Ma Xu-Xuan , Xu Yuan , Deng Si-Fu , Zhang Bin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a common and debilitating mental illness that severely affects the quality of life of patients and their families. Due to the diversity, intensity and complexity of its symptoms, this disorder is poorly understood, diagnosed and treated. Genetic and chemical exposure factors are widely accepted to cause schizophrenia until now. However, little is known about whether and how single environmental factor itself can lead to schizophrenia. In this study, by using Mendelian randomization analysis (MR), we found that social isolation was an etiologic factor in the development of schizophrenia. Furthermore, we interestingly found that five-week social isolation immediately after weaning induced schizophrenia-like behaviors, which met the principle of the etiologic validity, face validity and predictive validity in establishing a mouse model of schizophrenia. Meanwhile, summary data-based Mendelian randomization analysis (SMR) indicated that Rab-3 interacting molecule-1 (Rims1) was a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia. Adolescent social isolation-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors was accompanied by decreased level of Rims1 in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). And knockdown of Rims1 facilitated social isolation-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors. Finally, disturbed excitatory synaptic neurotransmission was critically involved in social isolation-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors. Our findings thus establish a new animal model in studying the mechanisms of schizophrenia and offer a potential method for analyzing the interactive effects of individual genetic and environmental factors in the onset and development of schizophrenia.
The Nematode Signaling Molecule ascr#18 Induces Prehaustorial Defenses in Wheat Against a Leaf Rust Fungus
Authors: Akshita Kamboj , Thielmann Jennifer , Delfan Saba , Manohar Murli , Schroeder Frank C. , Klessig Dan F. , Kogel Karl-Heinz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Leaf rust, caused by the pathogenic biotrophic rust fungus Puccinia triticina (Pt), is one of the most destructive wheat diseases worldwide; its negative impact on crop yields is exacerbated by increasing temperatures due to climate change. Ascarosides are nematode pheromones that induce resistance to microbial pathogens and pests in a wide range of crops, making them valuable components in biocontrol scenarios. We investigated the effect on infection of various wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes with the virulent Pt race 77WxR by ascaroside#18 (ascr#18), the major ascaroside secreted into the rhizosphere by plant-parasitic nematodes. Spraying the leaves with ascr#18 24 hours before inoculation with fungal uredospores slowed disease development and resulted in a reduction of the number of rust pustules on treated leaves compared to untreated leaves. Dose-response analysis over the nano- and micromolar range revealed a broad optimum concentration for the control of Pt. Microscopic analysis showed very early partial arrest of the fungus at the pre-appressorial stage, with associated enhanced local accumulation of H2O2 and abortive stoma penetration. Very few fungal structures grew in the area between stomata, and the cells surrounding them did not appear to undergo hypersensitive cell death. The results of this study are consistent with and expand upon earlier research that showed ascr#18 activates plant immunity, which protects plants against pathogens. These findings indicate that ascr#18 has a wide-ranging protective effect even at very low concentrations, and could be developed further as a valuable active ingredient for controlling agronomically important plant diseases and pests.
Pkd2l1 deletion inhibits the neurogenesis of cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons and impedes spinal cord injury repair
Authors: Zhang Yi , Cao Liang , Yan Haijian , Luo Zhangrong , Chen Chanjuan , Shangguan Zeyu , Li Qizhe , Shi Xuexing , Yang Leiluo , Tan Wei , Yang Shengxin , Fu Jiangquan , Wang Chunqing , Dou Xiaowei , Li Qing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) hold great promise for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair, but their identity in the mammalian spinal cord remains elusive. We previously demonstrated that Pkd2l1-positive cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) harbor the NSC properties. Furthermore, elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying the neurogenesis of CSF-cNs is crucial to SCI repair. Here, we utilized Pkd2l1−/− transgenic mice to investigate the role of Pkd2l1 in CSF-cN neurogenesis and SCI repair. We were shocked to find that the CSF-cN population was almost absent in Pkd2l1−/− mice. Following SCI, Pkd2l1−/− mice showed a significant reduction in NSCs surrounding the central canal. Notably, Pkd2l1−/− mice displayed deficient neuronal regeneration and impaired motor recovery after SCI. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Pkd2l1 plays a pivotal role in governing the neurogenesis of CSF-cN and the population of NSC, indicating its potential significance in advancing the development of more effective therapeutic approaches for SCI repair.
Circulatory collapse requiring mechanical circulatory support in a child with autoimmune adrenal insufficiency: A Case Report
Authors: Hejazi Yahia , Tegtmeyer Ken , Chlebowski Meghan , Gist Katja M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: We report a rare case of new onset autoimmune adrenal insufficiency in childhood, presenting with severe shock requiring mechanical circulatory support. In the current era of readily available imaging, laboratory and other diagnostic investigations, medical history and careful physical exam can often provide valuable diagnostic information for timely therapy.
Case presentation: A 7 y/o male child with a history of mild intermittent asthma, presented with severe cardiogenic shock requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Bronzing of his entire body was noted on physical exam. Stress dose hydrocortisone was given for suspected adrenal insufficiency. After weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and extensive rehabilitation, the patient recovered and was discharged home.
Conclusion: Primary adrenal insufficiency should be considered in the context of physical exam and laboratory findings, even in the presence of circulatory shock.
Perceptions of Pregnant Couples about Talking to Baby in the Womb
Authors: Bhamani Shelina , Syed Areeba , Karim Zaibunissa , Sheikh Sara , Faisal Abdullah Bin , Malik Hajra , Abbas Maliha , Attaullah Anita , Sheikh Lumaan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:The growth and development of the unborn child in the womb is affected by various internal and external factors. Auditory stimuli play a crucial factor in the development of the fetus therefore this study aims to explore the perceptions and barriers of pregnant women about conversation with the fetus.
Materials and Methods:This qualitative study used manual methods of thematic analysis through purposive sampling. In depth and semi structured questionnaire online survey were distributed among 66 urban area pregnant women.
Results: Three major themes were extracted from the date. (1) Perceived significance of talking to baby in womb with 3 sub themes including Cognitive, parental, and fetal development, (2) Description of connection between in utero and outside world including External Sensory Stimulus, mother gestures and Movement of the fetus and (3) Barriers to talking to baby in womb including language, Psychological and Physical Social barriers
Conclusion:The findings suggested that the parents had a fundamental understanding of the importance of communication with the fetus and its impact on cognitive growth. However, there are various physical and social barriers that act as hindrance in building communication with the fetus. It is recommended to organize awareness sessions including in prenatal periods that motivate and teach parents on building communicating relations with the fetus.
Microbiological characterization of the gut in patients with sudden total deafness
Authors: Jiang Weiwei , Yu Ming , Gong Zhengpeng , Ma Zhaolei , Song Kai , Yang Zongying , Zhang Xianli 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective To investigate a differential analysis of the intestinal flora characteristics of individuals with sudden total deafness and a healthy control population, it will be possible to determine whether there is a link between intestinal flora and sudden total deafness.
Methods Fresh stool samples were taken from 10 patients with sudden total deafness and 10 healthy subjects (family members of 10 patients with sudden total deafness) who were hospitalized at Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University between December 2021 and February 2022. All subjects' stool samples were then analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing technology.
Results We examined the differences in intestinal bacterial diversity between sudden total deafness and healthy normal patients using high-throughput sequencing technologies. The results of sample hierarchical clustering and principal coordinates analysis revealed that the sample flora structure varied between the sudden total deafness and normal control groups; multi-level species difference discriminant analysis and between-group difference analysis revealed that the intestinal flora of the 2 groups in the phylum Aspergillus (P=0.034), Clostridium (P= 0.003), with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups, but the relative absorption was similar between the 2 groups. The prevalence of Raoulia spp., Klebsiella spp., Caulobacter spp., Haemophilus spp., and Clostridium spp. was positively connected with sudden total deafness, according to a correlation study.At the genus level, five genera, including Porphyromonas spp., were considerably enriched in the entire deafness group, whereas only Clostridium spp. were significantly enriched in the normal control group, according to an LEfSe multilevel species hierarchy analysis.Four paths existed between the groups, according to PICRUSt functional prediction study.The four routes were considerably different at level 3 according to the results of the PICRUSt functional prediction analysis.
Conclusion Patients with sudden total deafness and their families have dramatically different gut flora in terms of composition and functional pathways.
Effect of Maternity Waiting Home Service Utilization on Perinatal Health Outcomes in Public Hospitals of West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region: Institution Based Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gejo Negeso , Edaso Aman , Bedecha Daniel , Geleta Abraham Endale , Endris Muluneh Ahmed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background:Maternity waiting homes (MWHs), also known as mother’s shelters, are structures built near healthcare facilities. The use of MWHs has been linked to reductions in maternal mortality. However, due to a lack of strong evidence in this area, conclusive evidence has not been able to be reached indicating definitively that MWHs lead to fewer perinatal deaths.
Objective: The primary aim of this study was to assess the effect of maternity waiting home service utilization on perinatal health outcomes in public hospitals in West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, from February 1 to June 20, 2022.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 1606 mothers (803 maternity waiting home users and 803 non-users) who were admitted to public hospitals in the West Arsi Zone from February 1 to June 1, 2022. Simple random sampling methods were used to approach study participants. Epi-data version 3.1 and Stata version 16 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable generalized linear model analyses were done to identify associations between dependent and independent variables. Crude and adjusted relative risk with respective 95% confidence intervals were computed, and statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05.
Result: There was a 39% reduced risk of developing perinatal complications in the exposed group when compared to the non-exposed group [RR = 0.61, 95% CL = 0.42, 0.88]. Multiparity [RR=1.42 95%Cl (1.17, 1.72), advanced maternal age [RR= 0.57 95%Cl (0.41, 0.97), and maternal complication [RR=1.59 95%Cl (1.34, 1.90)] were independent predictors for perinatal complications.
Conclusion & Recommendations: The present study found that maternity waiting home users had a reduced risk of developing perinatal complications when compared to non-users. Besides, advanced maternal age, multiparity, maternal complications, and transfer from another facility were independent predictors of perinatal complications. Strengthening maternity waiting home services is decisive to reducing perinatal complications.
Dual role of Aβ42Os in adult hippocampal neurogenesis regulated by mGluR5 at different stages of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wu Meijian , Wei Xuemin , Chen Qiuxuan , Liu Yuxiang , He Yani , Zhang Keke , Liu Yinghua , Wei Wei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease leading to irreversible loss of neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) drops sharply correlated with cognitive status in AD patients. Beta-amyloid (Aβ), involved in the pathogenesis of AD, has been shown to positively or negatively affect the generation of new neurons. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is present in neural stem cells (NSCs) and promotes neuronal proliferation. In the pathophysiology of AD, mGluR5 is a co-receptor of Aβ oligomers that bind to cellular prion proteins. However, the role of mGluR5 in adult hippocampal neurogenesis during AD progression remains unclear.
Methods
In this study, we verified the effects of different concentrations of Aβ42 on hippocampus neurogenesis in vivo and in vitro. To explore the role of mGluR5 in adult hippocampal neurogenesis of AD, mGluR5 was knocked down in 5XFAD mice and primary neural stem cells. Immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and Ca2+ measurement were used to verify the mechanism of mGluR5 in neurogenesis. Finally, the impact of mGluR5 on AD cognitive function was detected through Morris water maze, novel object recognition, passive avoidance test.
Results
AHN increased in the early stage and decreased in the late stage of 5XFAD mice. Picomolar concentrations of Aβ42Os promoted NSCs proliferation, nanomolar concentrations of Aβ42Os restrained NSCs proliferation and induced apoptosis. Knockdown of mGluR5 ameliorated the inhibitory effect of nanomolar concentrations of Aβ42Os on NSCs proliferation, promoted neuronal differentiation and maturation. The CaMK-II-Erk/CREB signaling pathway may be the key for mGluR5 to regulate neurogenesis. mGluR5 knockdown reversed cognitive deficits in 5XFAD mice.
Conclusions
The data presented demonstrate that mGluR5 is a modulator in the bidirectional regulation of Aβ42 on neurogenesis. Targeting mGluR5 ameliorates reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive dysfunction in the late stage of 5XFAD mice.