bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lip2Text: Sentence-Level Lipreading on English Speakers Using the Deep Learning Approach
Authors: vineet Vineet Kumar Rakesh , akanksha Akanksha Agrawal , anushka Anushka Mishra , tapas Tapas Samanta , sarbajit Sarbajit Pal , Amitabha Amitabha Das 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Lipreading is the skill of visually analyzing lip movements and facial cues to understand spoken language. This valuable skill finds application in assisting individuals with hearing impairments and providing auditory information in noisy environments. Advancements in deep learning have revolutionized lipreading with the use of networks such as Temporal Convolutional Networks(TCNs), Gated Recurrent Units(GRUs), Recurrent Neural Networks(RNNs) and Long Short Term Memory Networks(LSTMs) which perform exceptionally well on sequential data such as lip sequences. They excel at recognizing subtle lip movements of the speaker to predict what is being spoken. Most of the current approaches perform extremely well on speakers on which the model has been trained as they learn the speaker-specific visual cues thoroughly, but the obstacle lies in dealing with unseen speakers. To overcome this challenge, we have proposed a deep learning framework based on Long Short Term Memory Networks(LSTMs) and Spatiotemporal Convolutional Neural Networks (STCNNs) which focuses on accurately mapping lip sequences to their corresponding text trained on a multi-speaker dataset with unconstrained, open vocabulary. The model uses a Wav2Lip-GFPGAN(Generative Facial Prior- Generative Adversarial Network) network which converts the input video into a video of the dataset’s speaker speaking the same utterances using lip-synchronisation and then applied LipNet model for Lip-Reading after that applied spell corrector by using python Text-Blob library. This is a novel approach in the domain of lipreading which makes our model speaker-independent, increasing the applications of this work immensely in multiple fields, including assisting hearing-impaired individuals and enhancing communication accessibility. The other application of this proposed work may be lipreading of suspicious people from CCTV footage can potentially offer some benefits in certain security and investigative contexts. However, it's important to note that lipreading is a challenging task and often relies on various factors, including video quality, lighting conditions, and the same has been tackled in this work.
Experimental Investigation of Copper Matrix Hybrid Composite Reinforced with Sic/Gr/Cr via Stir Casting
Authors: girma mekonnen , Jiru Mora Gutu , Sinha Devendra Kumar , Alarifi Ibrahim M. , Girma Cherinet , Edacherian Abhilash , Gupta Gaurav , Ahmed Gulam Mohammed Sayeed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Copper matrix composites (CuMMC) overcome the constraints of pure copper by providing high strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance while maintaining excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. CuMMC is thus a promising material for a wide range of applications including heat exchangers, resistance welding electrodes, and maritime components. This study was aimed to fabricate silicon carbide reinforced copper matrix hybrid composite with addition of 1%Gr and 2%Cr to enhance good wettability between molten copper and solid reinforcement. Five samples were synthesized using stir casting with varying weight percentage of silicon carbide (0,3, 6, 9 and 12 wt.%) at 500rpm stirring speed, 30-minute stirring time and 1200 stirring temperature. Porosity percentage, hardness, electrical conductivity, compression strength and corrosion resistance properties of fabricated samples were investigated and analyzed. Test results demonstrated that the addition of SiC-Gr-Cr improved hardness and corrosion resistance when compared to commercial copper, however increasing the amount of reinforcement lowered electrical conductivity. The addition of SiC-Gr-Cr up to 12%wt enhanced compression strength, although when the amount of reinforcement approaches 15% wt., the compressive strength of the composite decreased due to an increased in brittleness.
The intestinal stem cell/enteroblast-GAL4 driver, escargot-GAL4, also manipulates gene expression in the juvenile hormone-synthesizing organ of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Kurogi Yoshitomo , Mizuno Yosuke , Kamiyama Takumi , Niwa Ryusuke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, offer an excellent genetic model to explore homeostatic roles of ISCs in animal physiology. Among available genetic tools, the escargot (esg)-GAL4 driver, expressing the yeast transcription factor gene, GAL4, under control of the esg gene promoter, has contributed significantly to ISC studies. This driver facilitates activation of a gene of interest in proximity to a GAL4-binding element, UAS, in ISCs and progenitor enteroblasts (EBs). While esg-GAL4 has been considered an ISC/EB-specific driver, its actual specificity remains unexplored. In this study, we reveal esg-GAL4 expression in the corpus allatum (CA), responsible for juvenile hormone (JH) production. When driving the oncogenic gene RasV12, esg-GAL4 induces overgrowth in ISCs/EBs as reported, but also increases CA cell number and size. Consistent with this observation, animals alter expression of JH-response genes. Our data show that esg-GAL4-driven gene manipulation can systemically influence JH-mediated animal physiology, arguing for cautious use of esg-GAL4 as a “specific” ISC/EB driver to examine ISC/EB-mediated animal physiology.
Interplay of Biocultural Diversity and Cultural Heritage: A Coupling Coordination Model Approach in Tiantai Mountain Area, China
Authors: Zhao Yanxuan , Wu Hui , Jin Hexian , Fan Yingjia , Wang Yifan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This research applies the Coupling Coordination Degree Model (CCDM) for an in-depth analysis of biocultural diversity in the Tiantai Mountain Area, emphasizing the intricate interplay between the mesoscale ecological environment and the societal dynamics of notable mountains. It conducts a quantitative assessment of the region's biological and cultural diversity: Biological diversity is examined through the lenses of species, ecosystem, and landscape diversity. Cultural diversity is gauged based on the spatial concentration of cultural heritage. The study uncovers a pronounced coupling and coordination between biological and cultural diversities, particularly in zones where cultural landscapes congregate and agricultural cultural heritage is preserved. Moreover, it elucidates the pivotal role of religious beliefs and traditional societal practices in the conservation of ecology and culture in these locales. The preservation and transmission of traditional crafts emerge as crucial for the sustainable evolution of local cultures and communities. Conclusively, the study proposes sustainable development strategies for renowned mountains and their adjacent communities. This work offers a novel framework for biocultural diversity research and management in mid-scale regions, validates the effectiveness of the CCDM in elucidating the interrelations between biological and cultural diversities, and provides innovative perspectives on showcasing cultural diversity in areas dominated by a singular ethnicity and language.
Characteristics of Resistivity Variation in Deep Granite and In-Situ Detection Applications
Authors: fu zhen , zhang yuezheng , ji hongguang , zhang chunrui , chen dongsheng , qin yuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During the construction of deep vertical shafts, water inrush and flooding accidents are prone to occur, which seriously affect construction safety. Accurately determining the groundwater conditions is a prerequisite for effectively controlling water hazards and conducting risk management. In order to ensure the accuracy of the resistivity method in deep vertical well water exploration construction, a combination of indoor rock physics, mechanical testing, and on-site engineering measurements was used to analyze the influencing factors of granite resistivity. The corresponding relationship between resistivity and formation integrity was revealed, and water exploration experiments were conducted in the working face of deep underground mines. The results show that: (1) Rock resistivity is influenced by metallic minerals, saturation, temperature, ion content of fracture water, and joints. Regarding deep subsurface detection issues, the main factors affecting the detection results are water content and rock integrity. (2) During the loading process, rock resistivity exhibits significant stage response characteristics, which are closely related to rock integrity and damage accumulation. (3) A degradation model for aquifer zoning based on resistivity benchmark line was established. When the formation resistivity is higher than the benchmark line, it indicates a well-integrated formation with low water content. (4) Resistivity cloud maps and zoning degradation models can be used to visually determine and evaluate the occurrence status of formations and the effectiveness of grouting.
An adjustable and stable assistant-free anterior cervical retractor system for microscopy- assisted anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Qian Hu , Lei Ting , He Li , Ao Jun , Qin Jianpu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a standardized surgical strategy for treating cervical spondylopathy. This study aimed to introduce a newly developed retractor system and analyze its feasibility and safety in microscopy-assisted ACDF.
Methods
A newly developed retractor system was used in microscopy-assisted ACDF to treat patients with cervical spondylopathy. Demographic data and pre-, peri-, and postoperative clinical and imaging data were collected and analyzed retrospectively.
Results
A total of 48 patients were included in this study. Postoperative imaging data indicated sufficient decompression and good alignment. The Visual Analog Scale and Neck Disability Index score decreased preoperatively from 5.43 ± 1.12 and 29.77 ± 6.06 to 2.60 ± 0.78 and 11.75 ± 3.26 after surgery. The Japanese Orthopedic Association score increased preoperatively from 7.93 ± 1.37 to 12.22 ± 1.71 postoperatively. The C2–7 Cobb angles increased from 10.37 ± 6.79 to 14.58 ± 6.10 degrees after the procedure. No clinical or imaging-related complications were observed.
Conclusion
The newly developed retractor system showed good feasibility and safety for microscopy-assisted ACDF surgery, providing an option for clinical application.
Integrated Ensemble Strategy for Breast Cancer Detection using Dimensionally Reduction Technique
Authors: Ansari Zulfikar Ali , Tripathi Manish Madhava , Ahmad Rafeeq 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Breast cancer continues to be a prominent issue in global health, requiring the implementation of novel approaches for the timely identification and assessment of the disease. Machine learning has been extensively integrated into the field of breast cancer diagnostics to gain profound insights and enhance the precision and efficacy of recognizing potential instances of breast cancer. Given the global nature of this disease, the early detection of cancer continues to pose a considerable problem. Our study introduces an ensemble strategy that integrates the results of Dimensionality Reduction (DR) approaches, namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), and Value Decomposition (SVD), and subsequently inputs them into a resilient classification algorithm. In this study, we examine many algorithms, namely Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forests (RF), Decision Tree (DT), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy. Our findings show that MLP, LR, and SVM have a maximum accuracy of 97.9%, but MLP performance varies when used with NMF & PCA, which is 97.20%. LR also produced good accuracy with NMF and PCA, which is 97.9%, but again, performance is reduced when used with SVD. The SVM gives a consistent result with PCA, SVD, and NMF, which is 97.9%.
Knowledge and attitudes of health professionals towards medical Cannabis in Brazil
Authors: Salvo Carlos Alberto Fernandes , Sodero Ana Carolina Rennó , Gandra Mario 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In Brazil, the regulation of the medicinal use of cannabis has fluctuated for many years. Patients often have difficulty finding doctors who will discuss or prescribe cannabis or its derivatives. In this study, 247 health professionals' opinion and knowledge of the medicinal use and the regulation of cannabis were analyzed through an online structured questionnaire, sampled by the snowball method. More than one third of the participants (34.41%) claimed that there was no legal use of Cannabis in Brazil. The health conditions better known as responsive to treatment, like epilepsy or nausea, were the most chosen. The knowledge about the legislation also oscillated and showed the participants' insecurity about the subject. However, almost 90% of participants were in favor of legalizing medical cannabis. The results point to the need for training these professionals on the subject, either in higher and vocational education or in continuous education further in their professional careers. This study was approved by the local ethics commission in Brazil (CAAE number 17506818.9.0000.5257).
In Situ Assembly of Melittin-PHA Microspheres for Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Fan Xueyu , Zhang Chao , Fu Shuangqing , Wang Shuo , Ma Shuo , Du Jie , Li Wei , Zhang Honglei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Amphiphilic cationic peptide (ACP) is a widely studied biofilm-active peptide that has great potential in cancer treatment. However, poor stability, a short half-life, and complex preparation pose significant challenges for practical therapeutic applications. In the current investigation, the amphiphilic peptide Melittin (Mel), recognized for its powerful anticancer properties, was chosen from natural and synthetic ACP, and integrated into a nanostructure by utilizing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) microspheres as carriers to produce Mel-loaded PHA microspheres (Mel@PHA-PhaC). Mel@PHA-PhaC nanostructure was self-assembled in Escherichia coli, simplifying its preparation and making it more convenient and high-yield. Mel@PHA-PhaC were spherical, with a particle size of approximately 300 nm, as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The concentration of Mel in Mel@PHA-PhaC was 4 µg/mg. Mel@PHA-PhaC still maintained good stability after being treated with pancreatic enzymes. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that Mel@PHA-PhaC enhanced the inhibitory effect on cancer cells compared to free Mel. This study provides insights and guidelines for the development and utilization of peptide delivery systems using PHA microspheres to create stable and improved peptides for cancer therapy.
Fine mapping a QTL for BYDV-PAV resistance in maize
Authors: Schmidt Maria , Guerreiro Ricardo , Baig Nadia , Habekuß Antje , Will Torsten , Ruckwied Britta , Stich Benjamin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Barley yellow dwarf (BYD) is one of the economically most important virus diseases of cereals worldwide, causing yield losses of up to 80 %. BYD is caused by at least ten different phloem-limited viruses called BYD viruses (BYDVs) and Cereal yellow dwarf viruses (CYDVs). Means to control BYD are limited and the use of genetically resistant cultivars is the most economic and environmentally friendly approach. Maize plays a central role in the BYD infection cycle, serving as a reservoir for BYD-causing viruses and their vectors in summer. Growing BYD resistant maize varieties would reduce BYD pressure on maize and cereals.
Using two biparental mapping populations, we were able to reduce a previously published QTL for BYDV-PAV resistance in maize to ~0.3 Mbp, comprising nine genes. Association mapping and gene expression analysis further reduced the number of candidate genes for BYDV-PAV resistance in maize to two: Zm00001eb428010 and Zm00001eb428020. Predicted functions of these genes suggest that they confer BYDV-PAV resistance either via interfering with virus replication or induction of ROS signaling. The sequence of one of these genes, Zm00001eb428010, is affected by a 54 bp deletion in the 5`-UTR and a protein altering variant in BYDV-PAV resistant maize inbreds but not BYDV-PAV susceptible and BYDV-PAV tolerant inbreds. This suggests that altered abundance and/or properties of the proteins that are encoded by Zm00001eb428010 may lead to BYDV-PAV resistance.
Use of Machine Vision for Feedback Computation in Motion Control Systems
Authors: rahsepas keyvan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Machine vision systems use cameras to capture images and process image signals to interpret and analyze the received signals by computers or other signal processing devices. An important application of machine vision is to control the position of moving objects or the moving part of an object (e.g., a motor) using cameras (by image processing). Image processing is aimed at determining positions and transmitting relevant data via a processor to a controller (i.e., a digital control system) implemented on a microcontroller to control an actuator’s position. This study utilized the linear Lorentz actuator, as it has a simple structure, small size, and no clearance or output force fluctuation. The operating frequency of a system is also a key parameter because the execution time of a control process is directly associated with the system performance. The operating frequency is the frame rate, which is 60 Hz (60 fps). This study tracked the motion of a linear electromagnetic actuator, determined position and displacement in each frame, and calibrated the real position as the position feedback to implement a position controller for the actuator to eliminate the error signal (i.e., the difference between the real position and reference actuator position). Furthermore, a digital control system designed with two zeros and two poles along with an integrator was employed to eliminate the steady-state error.
First report of fludioxonil resistance isolate of Colletotrichum fructicola emerging on strawberry in Japan
Authors: Furuta Akiko , Ide Yoichi , Tashiro Nobuya , KUSABA Motoaki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The species composition of the strawberry anthracnose pathogen population in Saga Prefecture was investigated through phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the intergenic regions of the apn2 and MAT1-2-1genes. Here, 77 out of the 80 Colletotricum isolates used were classified as C. fructicola, and the remaining three were classified as C. siamense. The 77 C. fructicola isolates were tested for sensitivityto fludioxonil, which is widely used as the main fungicide in rotational programs in Saga Prefecture. High levels of resistance to fludioxonil were observed in 14 C. fructicola isolates tested for sensitivity to mycelial growth in fludioxonil-containing media. Furthermore, two inoculation assays using strawberry seedlings treated with fludioxonil were performed on five of the 14 isolates that showed high levels of resistance. The effectiveness of fludioxonil was significantly low in these isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report fludioxonil resistance in a C. fructicola population.
Serum stratifin as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease
Authors: Sakuma Noriko , Abe Mitsuhiro , Ishii Daisuke , Kawasaki Takeshi , Arakawa Noriaki , Matsuyama Shinichiro , Saito Yoshiro , Suzuki Takuji , Tatsumi Koichiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Levels of stratifin (SFN), a member of the 14-3-3 protein family, increase in patients with drug-induced lung injury associated with diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). Therefore, we investigated its suitability as a biomarker of acute exacerbation (AE) of interstitial lung disease (ILD).
Methods
Thirty-two patients with clinically stable ILD (CS-ILD) and 22 with AE-ILD were examined to assess whether their serum SFN level was an effective biomarker of AE-ILD and whether its levels could predict prognosis in AE-ILD by analysing the survival rates at 90 days and 1 year after AE-ILD.
Results
Serum SFN levels were higher in the AE-ILD group than in the CS-ILD group (8.4 ± 7.6 vs. 1.3 ± 1.2 ng/mL, p < 0.001). SFN levels increased in patients who died within 90 days and 1 year compared with in patients who survived beyond these time points (13.5 ± 8.7 vs. 5.6 ± 5.3 ng/mL, p = 0.011 and 13.1 ± 7.5 vs. 3.1 ± 1.9 ng/mL, respectively; p < 0.001) in the AE-ILD group. The cut-off value for predicting the 90-day and 1-year survival was 6.6 ng/mL. The 90-day and 1-year survival rates were significantly better in the population below the cut-off value than in those above the cut-off value (p = 0.0017 vs. p < 0.0001).
Conclusions
Serum SFN level was higher in patients with AE-ILD than in those with CS-ILD and could serve as a biomarker for predicting the 90-day and 1-year survival rates in patients with AE-ILD.
Utility of patient-derived xenografts to evaluate drug sensitivity and select optimal treatments for individual non-small-cell lung cancer patients
Authors: wu lanxiang , wang xiaoqing , Zhu Ju , Li Lingling , Zhao Qilin , Huang Yutang , Wen Chunjie , Chen Dan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer incidence histopathology and molecular genetics observed in NSCLC tissues. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) is currently considered a preferred preclinical model to evaluate drug sensitivity, explore drug resistance mechanisms, and select individualized treatment regimens. Here, we successfully established 13 NSCLC-PDXs derived from 62 patients, including eight adenocarcinomas, four squamous-cell carcinoma, and one large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Histological subtype and clinical stage were significant factors affecting the successful PDXs establishment. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry and whole exome sequencing confirmed that our PDXs accurately replicated the morphological and genetic characteristics of primary tumors. The treatment responses to conventional chemotherapy in PDXs were entirely consistent with that of their corresponding patients. According to the genetic status of tumors, more appropriate targeted agents were selected in PDXs for their corresponding patients as alternative treatment options. In addition, an PDX model with acquired resistance to osimertinib was induced, and the overactivation of RAS mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway caused by the dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) M62I mutation was found to play a key role in the development of osimertinib resistance. Trametinib, a specific inhibitor of the MAPK-ERK pathway significantly slowed down the tumor growth in osimertinib-resistant PDX models, providing an alternative treatment in patients after osimertinib failure.