bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure and mechanism of a eukaryotic ceramide synthase complex
Authors: Xie Tian , Fang Qi , Zhang Zike , Wang Yanfei , Dong Feitong , Gong Xin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCeramide synthases (CerS) catalyze ceramide formation via N‐acylation of a sphingoid base with a fatty acyl‐CoA and are attractive drug targets for treating numerous metabolic diseases and cancers. Here, we present the cryo‐EM structure of a yeast CerS complex, consisting of a catalytic Lac1 subunit and a regulatory Lip1 subunit, in complex with C26‐CoA substrate. The CerS holoenzyme exists as a dimer of Lac1‐Lip1 heterodimers. Lac1 contains a hydrophilic reaction chamber and a hydrophobic tunnel for binding the CoA moiety and C26‐acyl chain of C26‐CoA, respectively. Lip1 interacts with both the transmembrane region and the last luminal loop of Lac1 to maintain the proper acyl chain binding tunnel. A lateral opening on Lac1 serves as a potential entrance for the sphingoid base substrate. Our findings provide a template for understanding the working mechanism of eukaryotic ceramide synthases and may facilitate the development of therapeutic CerS modulators.
Exploring collaboration within Edmonton's City Table on Household Food Insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ferdinands Alexa Rae , Lavriv Oleg , Beckie Mary , Mayan Maria 
Published: November 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been unprecedented attention and funding toward addressing household food insecurity (HFI) in Canada. In Edmonton, a virtual "City Table" was developed to coordinate the myriad of HFI responses and begin to explore and address systemic issues underlying HFI. In this qualitative descriptive study, we asked: what are the opportunities for and challenges to collaboratively addressing HFI within Edmonton's City Table? In 2020, we conducted nine interviews with diverse professionals representing a local funding agency, the municipal food council, the City of Edmonton (community social work), the Edmonton Food Bank, the University of Alberta, ethno-cultural organizations, and other not-for-profit organizations supporting people experiencing poverty. Wenger's three modes of identification in a community of practice (CoP)—engagement, imagination, and alignment—were used to conceptually frame our qualitative analysis. Overall, we found that the HFI response sector reflects the beginnings of a CoP, but that inter-agency competition for funding and donations presents obstacles to the collaborative process. Findings highlight parallels between agencies and their clients, such as the mazes they must navigate to access resources. However, collaboration was facilitated by agencies' ideological cohesion and their shared struggle to address root causes of HFI. Analyses revealed some engagement amongst City Table members, but sparser imagination and alignment. A CoP does not yet exist because all three modes of identification are deficient in varying ways. Building engagement between agencies, shifting staff's imagination to a collective cause, and aligning practices are monumental tasks in this context.
A stationary phase of tetraethylene glycol-modified silica for separation of phenolic acids
Authors: Linda Roza , Mustika Wida Maya , Rafi Mohamad , Rohaeti Eti , Lim Lee Wah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSilica, as a stationary phase, has low separation efficiency accompanied by overlapping, broadened, and tailed peaks, so it needs to be modified to improve its efficiency. This study aims to develop a silica-based stationary phase modified by tetraethylene glycol (TEG) to separate phenolic compounds. Silica was modified by a chemical bond between silanol groups on the silica surface and TEG through a 3-glycidyloxypropylmethoxysilane reaction. The modified silica was packed into a capillary column and used to separate simple phenolic compounds consisting of phenol, pyrocatechol, and pyrogallol. A sample of 0.2 µL was injected into the capillary liquid chromatography and the mobile phase employed was acetonitrile 98% with a flow rate of 3 μL min−1. Elution was also done isocratically in this process and detection was carried out at a wavelength of 254 nm. The mixture of simple phenolic compounds was successfully separated in less than 7 min. The asymmetry factor and resolution were 1.43–2.12 and 1.72–5.43 respectively. The number of the theoretical plates ranged from 213 to 7,857. Columns containing Si-TEG stationary phase also separate phenolic compounds, which consist of gallic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid. A sample of 0.2 µL was injected into the capillary liquid chromatography and successfully separated the mixture in less than 12 min. The samples were eluted isocratically using a mixture of methanol and 50 mM phosphate buffer pH 2.5 (8:92) with a flow rate of 3 μL min−1. The phenolic acids compounds were detected at a wavelength of 280 nm. The chromatogram showed four separate peaks. The asymmetry factor and resolution were 1.53–1.63 and 1.14–1.74, respectively, but the number of the theoretical plates was low, ranging from 190 to 796.
Organization of Hunting and Fishing Industry in Transbaikalia in 1919–1922
Authors: Bespalko Denis 
Published: November 2023

The subject of the research is the making of hunting and fishing economy sector on the territory of Transbaikalia region in the first post-revolutionary years. Particular attention is paid to the issues of setting organizational and technical tasks for the creation of the fishing and hunting industry and its management system in 1919–1922. In 1919 the Omsk Government of Alexander V. Kolchak made an attempt of complex restructuring of the hunting and fishing economy sector on the vast territory of Western and Eastern Siberia, including Transbaikalia; in this connection special hunting zones, administratively adhered to the richest raw lands, were allocated. However, the reforms carried out during the Civil War were faced with a lack of funds and other resources to implement them in any successful way. By 1920 only the Irkutsk-Transbaikalia hunting zone was left, which became part of the Far Eastern Republic (DVR). It was the only one in Siberia and the Far East, actually the pioneer in organization of proper hunting economy on territories, where even the concept of normative-legal base for regulation of seasonal harvesting was absent. However, the broadly conceived reform programme in the industry was not implemented due to political instability and economic decline. The management of the fishing and hunting industry was guided by decrees of the overthrown Omsk government, while the Far Eastern Republic government had neither the will nor the capacity to deal with pressing, but currently overshadowed, economic issues.
First Record of Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) (Chitwood, 1949) in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Growing Areas in the Southern Marmara Region
Authors: YILMAZ Ayşenur , ÇAKMAK Taylan , GÖZEL Uğur 
Published: November 2023

First Record of Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) (Chitwood, 1949) in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Growing Areas in the Southern Marmara Region
ABSTRACT
The estimated loss of the annual agricultural production due to plant parasitic nematodes, which are among the important soil-borne pathogens, is estimated to be approximately 118 billion US dollars. Root-knot nematodes are the most important plant parasitic nematode group due to their wide host range and difficulties in control and cause significant quality and yield losses in vegetables including lettuce plant. Root-knot nematodes are causing symptoms such as yellowing, wilting and stunting on lettuce plant. For monitoring lettuce fields for detecting nematode infected areas, surveys were made to the lettuce growing areas of Çanakkale province in the winter months of 2021-2022 and the plants infected with root-knot nematodes were examined and pure nematode cultures were obtained in the laboratory. Species identification was made using morphological methods and morphometric measurements from second-stage infective juvenile and female individuals obtained from pure cultures. As a result, the first record of M. javanica in lettuce growing areas in the Southern Marmara Region was made in this study.
Keywords: Lettuce, Southern Marmara Region, Root-knot nematode
İntrakraniyal kitle cerrahisinde preoperatif dönemdeki ısıtmanın hipotermiyi önlemedeki etkisi
Authors: SEVİM ARTYKOV Merve , GÖKBULUT ÖZASLAN Nihal 
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Perioperatif hipotermi anestezi uygulaması sırasında sık karşılaşılan bir sorundur. Amacımız intrakraniyal kitle cerrahisinde hipoterminin hasta üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini önlemek için preoperatif dönemden başlayarak ısıtmanın etkilerini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Prospektif, randomize olarak intrakraniyal kitle cerrahisi geçiren hastalar iki gruba ayrıldı. Çalışma grubu aktif ısıtma cihazıyla operasyon öncesi ısıtıldı. Kontrol grubuna ise yalnızca pike örtüldü. Her iki grup da intraoperatif dönemde ısıtıldı. 15 dakikada bir vital bulgular (standart monitörizasyona ek olarak invaziv arteriyel kan basıncı),30 dakikada bir vücut sıcaklığı, saatlik olarak arter kan gazından laktat bakıldı. Titreme skorları, toplam anestezi ve operasyon süresi, tüketilen ilaç miktarları, iv mayi ve kanama miktarı not edildi.
Bulgular: Her grupta 36’şar olmak üzere toplam 72 hasta değerlendirildi. Gruplar arasında demografik ve klinik özellikler açısından anlamlı fark yoktu. Gruplar arasında cerrahinin 15-255. dakikaları arasında ölçülen ısı değerleri arasında anlamlı fark bulundu (p
Novel Structural Aspects of Heavy-Crude-Derived Asphaltene Molecules for Investigating the Crude Mix Processability in Refinery Operation
Authors: Das Raj K. , Voolapalli Ravi K. , Upadhyayula Sreedevi , Kumar Rajeev 
Published: November 2023

Summary
In this paper, we investigate the role of asphaltenes derived from heavy crudes, which dictates the behavior of crude mix properties for hassle-free downstream refinery operation. Combined characterization techniques such as proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning carbon-13 (CP/MAS 13C)-NMR, heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used for the detailted study of Ratwai and Ras Gharib (RG)-derived asphaltenes to validate their structural role in selecting the optimal crude mix. As per our investigation, when the polyaromatic core of asphaltene structures are less substituted, the availability of aromatic hydrogen is more; it exhibits a stable crude mix as compared to heavy crudes that have more aromatic core substitution, despite the crudes possessing similar asphaltene content and physicochemical properties. This finding is further extended to West Canadian (WC) and Belayim (BL) heavy crudes for operational suitability. In this study, the key feature is to develop a CP/MAS 13C-NMR-based robust and quick characterization technique that could potentially become a prescreening method to assess crude oil compatibility and its various blend processability in the refinery system. Other characterization techniques, such as 1H-NMR, HSQC, FTIR, TGA, and XRD, would corroborate and confirm the reliability of the data obtained by CP/MAS 13C-NMR.
Simulation study of atmosphere-ionosphere variations driven by the eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai on 15 January 2022
Authors: Shinagawa Hiroyuki , Miyoshi Yasunobu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The volcano of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai in Tonga erupted on 15 January 2022, generating severe disturbances in the atmosphere and the ionosphere. This event provided us with large amount of data of the atmosphere and the ionosphere, and various kinds of observational studies have been made. Recently several simulation studies have also been made to reproduce and understand the atmosphere-ionosphere variations driven by the volcanic eruption. Although the simulation studies have reproduced the global variations of the atmosphere and the ionosphere successfully, phenomena related with acoustic waves have not been fully investigated. We employed an axisymmetric three-dimensional nonhydrostatic atmospheric model and the whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model GAIA. We found that the simulation can produce various kinds of atmospheric waves generated by the eruption, such as acoustic waves, gravity waves, Lamb waves, Pekeris waves, and TIDs concentrically propagating from the eruption site, and atmospheric oscillations with a period of a few minutes. In addition, the results indicate that the eruption generates supersonic shock waves in the volcanic region, leading to the extremely large vertical oscillations in the thermosphere and ionosphere above the volcanic eruption region.
Risk of glaucoma with bisphosphonate use in patients with osteoporosis
Authors: He Bonnie , Etminan Mahyar , Darwich Rami , Eadie Brennan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose Bisphosphonates (BPs) are first line agents commonly used in the management of osteoporosis. There have been two case reports that have suggested a possible link between BPs and acute angle closure (AAC). In the absence of any large epidemiologic studies, we sought to determine the risk of AAC and OAG with bisphosphonate use in patients with osteoporosis.Methods This was a retrospective cohort study with a case control analysis from 2008–2018. The study used the PharMetrics Plus Database (IQVIA, USA) which captures health claims for over 150 million unique patients, with fully adjudicated pharmacy and medical claims, and represents all geographic areas of the United States. 208,111 patients with osteoporosis were included in the study. AAC and OAG cases were defined by an ICD-9/10 code and had to have at least one prescription for bisphosphonate every 3 months in the year prior to the index date. The date of the first event of AAC was designated as the index date.Results Bisphosphonate users were more likely to develop AAC than non-users (adjusted IRR = 1.78, 95%CI [1.05–3.01]). In particular, those on risedronate were more likely to develop AAC compared to patients who used other formulations of bisphosphonates (adjusted IRRs = 2.12, 95%CI [1.05–3.01]). There was no risk for OAG with bisphosphonate use.Conclusions Patients with osteoporosis who used BPs were at a higher risk for AAC compared to those who did not, and those who were on risedronate were more likely to develop AAC compared to patients who used other types of bisphosphonates.
Rural-Urban Differences in Cancer Information Seeking in the United States: Implications for Health Communication and Intervention
Authors: Lopez Gilberto , Marinez Sarah , Mattie Heather 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study investigates rural-urban differences in cancer information-seeking behaviors in the United States, with implications for health communication and interventions. Using data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), provided by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institute of Health (NIH), the study analyzes the association between rurality and cancer information-seeking behaviors, controlling for sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and social resource variables. The study finds that residents of isolated rural areas have lower odds of seeking cancer information compared to urban residents, even after adjusting for other factors. In addition, women, those with higher education, and those with better access to the internet are more likely to seek cancer information. The study suggests that tailored interventions that account for the social context of each rural environment might help increase health information seeking across rural areas. The study also highlights the importance of accurate and timely health information during public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides insights into the role of social context and communication technologies in shaping health behaviors and can inform interventions to improve cancer information seeking and dissemination in rural areas.
Origins of polysaccharide conformation and viscoelasticity in miscible heterogeneous solvent
Authors: Yakubov Gleb , Borah Pallab Kumar , Irani Amir , Reid Joshua , MacCalman Thomas , Westberry Benjamin , Dinu Vlad , Prochasson Philippe , Boehm Michael , Harding Stephen , Nicholson Reed , Williams Martin , Baier Stefan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Polysaccharide polymers constitute the fundamental building blocks of life and display a diverse set of conformational states which results in complex viscoelastic behaviour of their solutions; the origins of which needs further understanding. Utilising a model high molecular weight, high Trouton ratio ‘pectin’ polysaccharide extracted from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) mucilage, we combine computer simulations and experimental data to unveil the underlying microscopic hydrodynamic origins of polysaccharide conformation. In miscible heterogenous solvents of water and glycerol, the polysaccharide chain undergoes a conformational transition from swelled-to-collapsed configurations, resulting in marked viscoelastic response. The conformational transition is entropy driven. Molecularly adsorbed water molecules have increased presence within ca. 0.40 nm of the chain surface with increase of glycerol in the solvent composition, thus indicating the emergence of preferential solvation. This preferential solvation elicits an entropically unfavourable dynamic solvent heterogeneity, which is lessened by swelling and collapse of polysaccharide chains. Altering the preferential solvation layer by adjusting solvent composition allows for precise control of chain conformation and viscoelastic parameters. Our results provide an essential missing piece of the puzzle that is inaccessible through mean-field assumptions and offer new fundamental insights applicable in biological, biomedical, and engineering applications, including microrheological flows, microfluidics, bio-inkjet printing, as well as in pharmacological and food formulations.
Study-Phase Reinstatement: Encoding Spontaneous Thoughts as Memories
Authors: Kahana Michael , Halpern David , Lega Bradley , Gross Robert , Wu Chengyuan , Sperling Michael , Aaronson Joshua , Jobst Barbara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Can the brain improve the retrievability of an experience after it has occurred? Systems consolidation theory proposes that cortical reactivation during extended post-encoding rest periods facilitates the formation of stable memory representations, a prediction supported by neural evidence in humans and animals. Such reactivation may also occur on short time scales as spontaneous thoughts come to mind during encoding, offering a potential account of classic list memory phenomena but lacking in support from neural data. Leveraging the high-temporal specificity of intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG), we investigate spontaneous reactivation of previously experienced items during brief sub-second intervals between individual encoding events. Across two large-scale free recall experiments, we show that reactivation, as measured by spectral iEEG similarity, during these periods predicts subsequent recall. In a third experiment, we show that the same methodology can identify post-encoding reactivation that correlates with subsequent memory, consistent with previous results. Thus, spontaneous study-phase reinstatement reliably predicts memory behavior, linking psychological accounts to neural mechanisms and providing the first such evidence for rapid consolidation processes during encoding.
Loneliness among older adults who have experienced homelessness: qualitative findings from the HOPE HOME study
Authors: Yuan Yeqing , Knight Kelly R. , Weeks John , King Stephen , Olsen Pamela , Kushel Margot 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Loneliness is more common in older adults and those who face structural vulnerabilities, including homelessness. The homeless population is aging. We know little about loneliness among older adults who have experienced homelessness. We aimed to describe the loneliness experience among older adults who have experienced homelessness and the individual, social, and structural conditions that shaped these loneliness experiences.
Methods
We purposively sampled 22 older adults from the HOPE HOME study, a longitudinal cohort study among adults aged 50 years or older experiencing homelessness in Oakland, California. We conducted in-depth interviews about participants’ perceived social support and social isolation. We conducted qualitative content analysis.
Results
Twenty participants discussed loneliness experience, who had a median age of 57 and were mostly Black (80%) and men (65%). We developed a typology of participants’ loneliness experience and explored the individual, social, and structural conditions under which each loneliness experience occurred. We categorized the loneliness experience into four groups: 1) “lonely – distressed”, characterized by physical impairment and severe isolation; 2) “lonely – rather be isolated”, reflecting deliberate social isolation as a result of trauma, marginalization and aging-related resignation; 3) “lonely – transient”, as a result of aging, acceptance and grieving; and 4) “not lonely” – characterized by stability and connection despite having experienced homelessness.
Conclusions
Loneliness is a complex and heterogenous social phenomenon, with older adults who have experienced homelessness exhibiting diverse loneliness experiences based on their individual life circumstances and needs. While the most distressing loneliness experience occurred among those with physical impairment and mobility challenges, social and structural factors such as interpersonal and structural violence during homelessness shaped these experiences.
A Proposed PMU-based Voltage Stability and Critical Bus Detection Method using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Putranto Lesnanto Multa , Azhar Izzuddin Fathin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Voltage stability detection is currently still becoming the main issue in the modern power system which renewable energy integrated. Classical method to assess the voltage stability require complete model of power system, power system analysis and long computation time. In the data driven analysis and synchronized measurement era, the model can be proposed based on the historical data to deal with the complexity. For that reason, the voltage stability and critical bus detection based on ANN algorithm with the instantaneous PMU measurement is proposed. Seven hidden layers consisted of one normalization, four rectifier linear unit, one softmax and one sigmoid layer are formulated to do the detection. To measure the accuracy, the k-fold cross-validation is used. The proposed model is simulated on modified IEEE 14 test system which consider different loading scenario, line contingency, number of PMU and PV integration. To mimic the actual historical data, the synthetic data is generated and labelled. The result shows that the proposed method can represent the complete power system model by giving high accuracy which for voltage stability detection is > 97% and critical buses detection is > 96% for all scenarios. Moreover, the required computation time is between 16–18 second per detection which make the scalability to the real time detection is reasonable.