bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Citizen science and the nexus approach: unlocking synergies for sustainable development
Authors: Gharesifard Mohammad , Ceccaroni Luigi , Gold Margaret , Berti Suman Anna , Das Kaushiki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article explores how citizen science can contribute to achieving the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs) by focusing on the complex and sometimes interrelated nature of sustainability challenges. Citizen science presents a unique opportunity to ethically engage communities in research by actively involving them in defining sustainability targets, gathering data, and analysing results, thereby generating actionable insights that directly inform both local and global sustainability efforts. The authors advocate for integrating citizen science with the nexus approach to environmental resources management, which examines the interrelatedness and interdependencies that are inherent within complex systems, emphasising the relationships among water, energy, and food systems. The nexus approach proposes strategies to enhance the role of citizen science in addressing sustainability challenges. These include strengthening collective interaction and knowledge exchange between the five subsystems described by the quintuple helix innovation model, namely policy, science, industry, society and environment. The article also highlights the importance of inclusive participation, co-defining localised sustainability indicators, and co-creating citizen-led actions. By empowering communities to engage in participatory knowledge production and promoting multi-actor collaboration, citizen science not only has the potential to contribute valuable data to monitoring progress on the SDGs but also to help deliver on the UN’s pledge to ‘leave no one behind.’ Ultimately, creating an inclusive environment for the participation of diverse societal actors in nexus-oriented research and innovation can unlock the full potential of citizen science in advancing the SDGs and ensuring a sustainable future.
Tumour distribution and characteristics associated with poor surgical outcomes in patients with sporadic spinal schwannomas
Authors: Yoshida Shinsuke , Suzuki Takaaki , Tanabe Masayuki , Saita Kazuo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Spinal schwannomas are benign tumours that can compress the spinal cord or nerve roots, causing neurological symptoms. Despite successful surgical resection, some patients experience suboptimal functional recovery. Several risk factors for poor prognosis have been identified, but limited research has explored the influence of tumour distribution and characteristics. In this study, we aimed to identify prognostic variables associated with residual neurological deficit in patients undergoing surgical resection for sporadic spinal schwannomas.

Methods
Clinical and radiological data of consecutive patients who underwent surgery for spinal schwannomas at Saitama Medical Centre between January 2010 and March 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 or foraminal and paravertebral schwannomas were excluded. Data collected included patient demographics, radiological features, and surgical complications. Residual neurological deficit was defined as a Modified McCormick scale grade of II–V, persistent neurogenic pain, or bladder/bowel dysfunction.

Results
Gross total resection was achieved in 55 cases (76.4%). Postoperative complications occurred in 6 cases (8.3%), including cerebrospinal fluid fistula and vascular injury. At a median follow-up of 26.4 months, 20 patients (27.8%) had residual neurological deficits. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression identified thoracic spine involvement (odds ratio [OR], 5.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.47–18.6; p = 0.01) and dumbbell-shaped tumours (OR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.02–1.28; p = 0.04) as significantly associated with residual neurological deficits. Moreover, thoracic spinal schwannomas were associated with a significantly higher incidence of persistent postoperative neurogenic pain than that associated with cervical or lumbosacral tumours (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Thoracic spine involvement and tumours that are not dumbbell-shaped were identified as significant risk factors for residual neurological deficits in patients undergoing surgical treatment for spinal schwannomas. Awareness of tumour distribution and characteristics may assist in refining preoperative assessments, guiding strategic decisions, and potentially improving surgical management for better patient care.
TMEM119-positive microglial cells in cerebrospinal fluid, a potential new marker for neuroinflammatory response after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Cattaneo Andrea , Messinger Julia , Lamllari Kevin , Heinsen Helmut , Schuhmann Michael K. , Wipplinger Christoph , Nickl Vera , Löhr Mario , Kunze Ekkehard , Stetter Christian , Linsenmann Thomas , Bohnert Michael , Ernestus Ralf-Ingo , Zwirner Johann , Ondruschka Benjamin , Monoranu Camelia-Maria , Bohnert Simone 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a debilitating condition with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Despite advancements in treatment, understanding the underlying pathophysiology, particularly the inflammatory response, remains crucial for improving patient outcomes. In this study, we investigated the presence of transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119) of microglial cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a potential marker for neuroinflammation following aSAH. CSF samples were collected from aSAH patients, pathological and healthy controls, processed, and analyzed using immunocytochemistry. TMEM119-positive microglial cells were consistently identified in the CSF of aSAH patients, exhibiting amoeboid morphology and intense staining. Importantly, microglial cells were detected as early as the first day post-bleeding, persisting throughout the acute phase in some cases. Analysis of consecutive samples revealed varying trends in microglial cell numbers, with a peak during the initial phase followed by a gradual decline. Our findings suggest that microglia may migrate into the CSF following aSAH, potentially serving as an early predictor of inflammatory-related CNS damage. This study underscores the importance of understanding neuroinflammatory processes in aSAH and opens avenues for further research on the role of microglia in CNS disorders by liquid biopsy.
Association between accelerometer-measured light-intensity physical activity and tumor regression for male patients with esophageal cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ikeda Tomohiro , Noma Kazuhiro , Konuma Masanori , Maeda Naoaki , Tanabe Shunsuke , Kawabata Takayoshi , Kanai Masashi , Hamada Masanori , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi , Ozaki Toshifumi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Physical activity has the potential to promote tumor regression in patients with esophageal cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC); however, the benefits of light-intensity physical activity (LIPA) are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of LIPA on tumor regression in male patients with esophageal cancer during NAC and its optimal cutoff value.

Methods
This retrospective single-center observational study included all male patients who underwent NAC or curative esophagectomy. We assessed the physical activity of patients using an accelerometer and calculated the time spent on LIPA. Tumor regression was defined as grade ≥ 1b according to the Japanese classification of esophageal cancer. The impact of LIPA on tumor regression was analyzed using multivariate analysis, and the optimal cutoff value was identified using the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results
Sixty-nine male patients with esophageal cancer who underwent NAC were analyzed. The mean age was 68 years, mean body mass index was 22.4, and 80% of the patients were diagnosed with clinical stage 3 or 4 disease. Every extra 30-min increase in LIPA during the treatment phase was associated with tumor regression (adjusted OR 1.41 [1.02–2.04]). The optimal cutoff value of LIPA was 156.11 min/day, and patients with rich LIPA (≥ 156.11 min/day) were less likely to suffer from anorexia and malnutrition during NAC.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that LIPA during NAC has a potential of promoting tumor regression with a cutoff value of 156.5 min/day. Further clinical research is required to determine the prognostic benefits of LIPA in patients receiving NAC.
Transformations in livestock systems: beyond ranching and pastoralism
Authors: Moritz Mark , Bruno Jasmine E. , Murphy Daniel J. , Fernández-Giménez María E. , Schareika Nikolaus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Livestock systems across the world are transformed by capitalist forces. Understanding these social, economic, and cultural transformations is important because it has major implications for rural populations across the world. Traditionally, the study of livestock systems has been organized along the conceptual classification of ranching in North America and Australia and pastoralism in Africa and Asia, but this intellectual division has limited our understanding because of a priori assumptions about the extent to which these systems have been shaped by capitalism. The goal of our paper is to outline a conceptual framework to come to a better understanding of the different ways that livestock systems across the globe have become more and less capitalist. We use a comparative approach that considers a wide range of livestock systems in different parts of the world, ranging from pastoralism in open access and communally held grasslands to ranching in privately owned and fenced rangelands, and industrial agriculture, to examine the diversity, complexity, and dynamics of these systems at the intersection with capitalism. We describe how livestock keepers across the world adopt, adapt to, and challenge capitalist logics and offer new ways to raise livestock in the twenty-first century. One of the emergent themes of our review is the persistence of pastoral values and identities across livestock systems.
Responses of a federally threatened shorebird to trophic downgrading and expansion of domestic cats (Felis catus)
Authors: Wails Christy N. , Black Kathleen M. , Karpanty Sarah M. , Bellman Henrietta A. , DeRose-Wilson Audrey , Dorsey Sharon S. , Oliver Katie W. , Ritter Shannon J. , Robinson Samantha G. , VanDerwater Hope L. , Catlin Daniel H. , Fraser James D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Along U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coast barrier islands, red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are top predators that are thought to impact smaller mesopredators and depredate beach-nesting birds. Starting in 2015, sarcoptic mange epizootics among red foxes led to their eventual temporary extirpation from most of Fire Island, NY, USA. We monitored the subsequent changes to the mammalian predator community on this barrier island and explored the impacts to piping plovers (Charadrius melodus), a federally threatened shorebird. We deployed trail cameras and quantified detection rates of four common shorebird predators (red foxes, northern raccoons Procyon lotor, Virginia opossums Didelphis virginiana, and invasive domestic cats Felis catus), and tested for effects of predator activity and density on piping plover nest and brood survival. Following the loss of red foxes, northern raccoon and Virginia opossum activity remained relatively unchanged, while cat activity increased. The cat population grew from 14 to 42 individuals across the three study areas, and cats later became the most frequently detected mammalian predator. The loss of red foxes was associated with increased plover nest survival (β ± SD = 1.08 ± 0.55), though the increase of cats in later years was associated with a strong, negative decline in nest survival (β ± SD = −3.08 ± 1.28). Plover brood interval survival was negatively correlated with cat density (β ± SD = −0.50 ± 0.14) but not with red foxes. We underscore the importance of monitoring invasive predators during periods of trophic downgrading, which may have delayed impacts to native fauna.
Theoretical results on a block preconditioner used in ice-sheet modeling: eigenvalue bounds for singular power-law fluids
Authors: Helanow Christian , Ahlkrona Josefin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The properties of a block preconditioner that has been successfully used in finite element simulations of large scale ice-sheet flow is examined. The type of preconditioner, based on approximating the Schur complement with the mass matrix scaled by the variable viscosity, is well-known in the context of Stokes flow and has previously been analyzed for other types of non-Newtonian fluids. We adapt the theory to hold for the regularized constitutive (power-law) equation for ice and derive eigenvalue bounds of the preconditioned system for both Picard and Newton linearization using inf-sup stable finite elements. The eigenvalue bounds show that viscosity-scaled preconditioning clusters the eigenvalues well with only a weak dependence on the regularization parameter, while the eigenvalue bounds for the traditional non-viscosity-scaled mass-matrix preconditioner are very sensitive to the same regularization parameter. The results are verified numerically in two experiments using a manufactured solution with low regularity and a simulation of glacier flow. The numerical results further show that the computed eigenvalue bounds for the viscosity-scaled preconditioner are nearly independent of the regularization parameter. Experiments are performed using both Taylor-Hood and MINI elements, which are the common choices for inf-sup stable elements in ice-sheet models. Both elements conform well to the theoretical eigenvalue bounds, with MINI elements being more sensitive to the quality of the meshes used in glacier simulations.
Challenges and opportunities related to online studies in higher education
Authors: Wiitavaara Birgitta , Widar Linda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Technological and societal developments have increasingly led to higher education programs and courses being offered online as distance education. This can mean an opportunity to study regardless of time and place and thereby combining work, family life, and studies. However, online distance studies also introduce problems at the societal, organisational and individual levels. Due to the rapid transformation of the higher education system towards a larger share of digitalized courses and programs, one can expect that the related problems will also increase. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate experiences and thoughts about challenges and opportunities related to online studies among second-semester master’s students. Data was collected via interviews and analysed using a phenomenographic approach. The analysis revealed increased demands on the student, remote communication and social interaction, and varying conditions for studying from home. The demands on self-leadership, social skills, and digital competence had increased compared to previous campus-based studies at a lower level. These findings pinpoint the importance of taking into consideration student awareness and support regarding self-regulation of study planning, time allocation, and execution of assignments. It also includes teacher awareness of creating a sense of community and avoiding a mere task orientation despite the online context.
The Revised Reward Theory of Desire
Authors: Pober Jeremy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
I propose and articulate a novel theory of desire, called the Revised Reward Theory. As the name suggests, the theory is based—and expands—on Arpaly and Schroeder’s (2014) Reward Theory of Desire. The initial Reward Theory identifies desires with states of the reward learning system such that for an organism to desire some P is for its reward system to treat P as a reward upon receipt. The Revised Reward Theory identifies desires with a different state of the same system, such that for an organism to desire some P is for its reward system to expect or predict that P will be rewarding (roughly) prior to receipt. The difference amounts to equating desires with what we ultimately find rewarding or satisfying versus those that underlie our motivations to obtain that which we take ourselves to desire.
I argue that the structure of the reward system is incompatible with the original Reward Theory but compatible with the Revised Reward Theory. I demonstrate that this difference has important philosophical implications. I focus on moral responsibility and demonstrate Arpaly and Schroeder’s argument, that addiction can mitigate moral responsibility, turns on this precise difference.
Arpaly, Schroeder, and I all ascribe to a meta-theory called ‘natural kindism’ which identifies mental kinds with neurocognitive kinds. This discussion, in addition to defending a theory of desire, is intended to act as a proof of concept for natural kindism as offering a powerful framework for relating empirical results to philosophical issues.
Ecological Forecasting for Night Monkeys in the Aotus lemurinus Complex: Climate-driven Threats to Habitat Suitability
Authors: Arango-Lozano Julián , Toro-Cardona Felipe Andrés , Montilla Juan Sebastián O. , Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Climate change poses threats to global biodiversity, particularly in groups such as American primates, which are restricted to forested ecosystems. Assessing species-specific and habitat vulnerabilities is crucial to understand how climate change impacts this group. We investigated the impact of climate change and habitat vulnerability for the three species of night monkeys in the Aotus lemurinus complex (A. grisemembra, A. lemurinus, and A. zonalis), a group of American primates which is highly vulnerable to environmental disturbance. Using ecological niche modeling, we projected how different climate scenarios could alter the distribution of the three species, and calculated a vulnerability transformation index for quantifying susceptibility of natural habitats to conversion into anthropogenic land covers. Our findings reveal that the currently most favourable habitats for all species will reduce, with A. griseimembra experiencing the greatest declines, particularly in lowland areas. A. lemurinus shows relatively smaller habitat losses overall, with the greatest reduction in Ecuador. A. zonalis is the least-affected species, but still faces some level of risk. The results emphasize the need for detailed ecological assessments in biogeographically important regions, particularly areas projected to maintain habitat stability under future climate scenarios. Targeted research should focus on identifying species-specific responses to habitat changes in order to refine conservation strategies for night monkeys. These findings provide actionable insights for prioritizing highland forest restoration, implementing mitigation measures for habitat loss driven by human activities and climate change, and enhancing monitoring in underexplored regions.
The relevance of female overweight in infertility treatment: a position statement of the Italian Society of Fertility and Sterility and Reproductive Medicine (SIFES-MR)
Authors: Carosso Andrea Roberto , Conforti Alessandro , Cimadomo Danilo , Spadoni Valentina , Zacà Carlotta , Massarotti Claudia , Vaiarelli Alberto , Venturella Roberta , Vitagliano Amerigo , Busnelli Andrea , Cozzolino Mauro , Borini Andrea ,   on behalf of the Italian Society of Fertility, Sterility, Reproductive Medicine (SIFES-MR)
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Obesity is increasingly at the center of modern international healthcare systems. This is a position statement of the Italian Society of Fertility and Sterility and Reproductive Medicine (SIFES-MR) aimed at evaluating the impact of female overweight on infertility in order to improve fertility outcomes, including Assisted Reproductive technology (ART) treatments.

Methods
The SIFES-MR writing group for this position statement was composed by Italian reproductive physicians, embryologists, and scientists with expertise in fertility evaluation, assisted reproduction technologies, and laboratory quality management. The positions stated are based on consensus by the authors, who met over a six-month period. The consensus emerged after thorough review of pertinent literature and standards concerning the impact of female overweight, complemented by extensive dialogue and discussion among the authors. Additionally, input from society members was considered, leading to revisions and eventual approval by the SIFES-MR governing council.

Results
An increasing number of women affected by overweight and infertility accessing to ART treatments are expected in the future. A comprehensive counseling since the first access to infertility care is mandatory and should promote weight restoration, with the aim to improve the likelihood of spontaneous unassisted conception. Careful preconceptional evaluation of obese women is strongly encouraged for counseling purpose and comorbidities should be corrected by a multidisciplinary approach before spontaneous or medically assisted conception. Indeed, female obesity is responsible for high-risk pregnancies, with potential consequences in infants and during childhood. When in vitro fertilization is indicated, the risk of venous thromboembolism exacerbated by controlled ovarian stimulation should be assessed.

Conclusions
Before IVF, different therapeutic approaches and expectant management to reduce overweight could be offered, and the age-related algorithm herein proposed by SIFES may represent an interesting tool for a better personalization of infertility care in these women. The treatment of infertility cannot ignore the correct management of female overweight, given the serious consequences that this condition can have on the outcomes of pregnancies and future generations. IVF specialists should tailor access and modalities of IVF treatment to this class of high-risk women.
Regionality and Temporal Dynamics of Sequestration and Relocation of Cardenolides in the Monarch Butterfly, Danaus plexippus
Authors: Betz Anja , Höglinger Birgit , Walker Frank , Petschenka Georg 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The adaptation of monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) to milkweed plants and their ability to sequester toxic cardenolides is a model system for plant-herbivore coevolution. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying cardenolide sequestration and its temporal dynamics remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the polar cardenolide ouabain passes through the isolated midgut epithelium of D. plexippus in vitro and is also absorbed into the body cavity of monarch caterpillars. Remarkably, the same pattern was observed in caterpillars of the related, but non-sequestering milkweed butterfly Euploea core, and even in the non-adapted Solanaceae specialist Manduca sexta, although uptake across gut epithelia occurred at a lower rate. Furthermore, we demonstrated that cardenolides begin to cross the epithelium in the anterior part of the intestine and can be detected in body tissues as soon as one minute after ingestion. Finally, we show that not all cardenolides are translocated into butterfly tissues during metamorphosis, and that the most apolar cardenolides are removed with the last caterpillar exuviae. As a result, adult butterflies contain no cardenolides less polar than the milkweed cardenolide calactin. We conclude that uptake by the intestinal epithelium is a very rapid process and that quantitative differences in cardenolide sequestration among lepidopteran caterpillars are only partially mediated by the gut epithelium, likely involving additional mechanisms such as metabolism or excretion. In addition, the translocation of cardenolides from the caterpillar is a selective process which may be due to the limited mobility of highly apolar cardenolides.