bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life is precious: A quasi‐experimental study of a community‐based program to prevent suicide among Latina adolescents in New York City
Authors: Tuda Daniela , Stefancic Ana , Lam Peter , John Dolly , Sadaghiyani Shima , Choo Tse‐Hwei , Galfalvy Hanga , Coronel Beatriz , Gil Rosa , Lewis‐Fernández Roberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionRising rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) among U.S. Latina adolescents urgently need attention. Life is Precious (LIP) is a culturally responsive, community‐based, afterschool‐model program offering wellness‐support services to supplement outpatient mental health treatment for Latina adolescents experiencing STB's. This 12‐month quasi‐experimental pilot study explored LIP's impact on clinical outcomes.MethodsLatina adolescents newly enrolled in LIP and receiving outpatient treatment (n = 31) and those newly starting outpatient treatment only (n = 12; Usual Care) were assessed for Suicidal Ideation (Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire; SIQ) and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire‐9). We estimated differences in mean scores using longitudinal linear mixed models and adjusted risk ratios (ARRs) of SIQ‐25%, SIQ‐50%, and PHQ‐9‐5‐point improvements using exact logistic models.ResultsThe direction of the estimated impact of LIP was positive [differences (95% CIs): −15.5 (−34.16, 3.15) for SIQ; −1.16 (−4.39, 2.07) for PHQ‐9], with small‐to‐moderate nonsignificant effect sizes (0.19–0.34). LIP participants saw two to three times higher prevalence than controls of SIQ‐25%, SIQ‐50%, and PHQ‐9‐5‐point improvements; ARRs (95% CIs) were 1.91 (0.61, 3.45), 3.04 (0.43, 11.33), and 1.97 (0.44, 5.07), respectively. Suicidal behaviors also decreased in LIP.ConclusionThe effects of LIP were in positive directions across clinical outcomes, warranting further research on its effectiveness in decreasing STBs.
PEO: Plant Expression Omnibus – a comparative transcriptomic database for 103 Archaeplastida
Authors: Koh Eugene , Goh William , Julca Irene , Villanueva Erielle , Mutwil Marek 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYThe Plant Expression Omnibus (PEO) is a web application that provides biologists with access to gene expression insights across over 100 plant species, ~60 000 manually annotated RNA‐seq samples, and more than 4 million genes. The tool allows users to explore the expression patterns of genes across different organs, identify organ‐specific genes, and discover top co‐expressed genes for any gene of interest. PEO also provides functional annotations for each gene, allowing for the identification of genetic modules and pathways. PEO is designed to facilitate comparative kingdom‐wide gene expression analysis and provide a valuable resource for plant biology research. We provide two case studies to demonstrate the utility of PEO in identifying candidate genes in pollen coat biosynthesis in Arabidopsis and investigating the biosynthetic pathway components of capsaicin in Capsicum annuum. The database is freely available at https://expression.plant.tools/.
New records of Rhipicephalus linnaei infected by Rickettsia massiliae from Central Mexico
Authors: Nieto‐Cabrales José Francisco , Salceda‐Sánchez Beatriz , Zazueta‐Islas Héctor M. , Solís‐Cortés Marlene , Landa‐Flores Magaly Guadalupe , del Mazo‐López Juan Carlos , Valtierra‐Alzaga Laura , Soto‐Gutiérrez Juan J. , Huerta‐Jimenez Heron , Becker Ingeborg , Rodríguez‐Rojas Jorge J. , Sánchez‐Montes Sokani 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundOn the American continent, Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. comprises two species: Rhipicephalus linnaei and R. sanguineus s.s. Each species has been identified as a potential vector of at least one of five species of pathogenic bacteria of the genus Rickettsia. In particular, Rickettsia massiliae is one of three species with the greatest importance in public health at the continental level. In Mexico, this species is reported exclusively in the Nearctic states of Baja California and Chihuahua.AimFor this reason, the aim of this work was to provide new records of R. massiliae for the centre of the country derived from active acarological surveillance.Materials and MethodsDuring the period of February–October 2019, 29 dogs from six municipalities in the state of Morelos were sampled. Hosts were visually inspected, and ticks were recovered and identified morphologically and molecularly by amplification of the 16S rDNA gene. Subsequently, five genes from members of the genus Rickettsia were amplified and sequenced.ResultsA total of 229 (117♀, 98♂ and 14 N) ticks identified as R. linnaei were recovered, two of which were positive for R. massiliae strains related to those recovered from Argentina and the United States.ConclusionsThis work provides the second record of R. massiliae infecting R. linnaei in Mexico and the Americas, increasing the geographic distribution of this Rickettsia species in the Neotropical region, and providing information on the possible role of R. linnaei as a potential vector of this microorganism.
A Review on Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties-Photocatalytic Activity Relationships of Carbon Quantum Dots Graphitic Carbon Nitride in Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Alias Siti Hajar , Ya’akop Nur Farisha Balqis , Mohamed Nurul Najidah , Ahmad Tarmizi Nur Nazzatul Azzin , Sheikh Mohd Ghazali Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin , Nur Hadi 
Published: December 2023

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major greenhouse gas present in over half of the Earth's atmosphere. Elevated CO2 emissions in the atmosphere have become a global warming issue due to the excessive use of fossil fuels by human activities. Converting CO2 into a useful compound is crucial since CO2 exists in the environment and must be reduced. The use of semiconductor materials in photocatalysis is the best solution to degrade and potentially convert CO2 into a useful energy source. Recently, research on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has developed interest due to its phenomenal properties, such as effective charge separation and charge carrier lifetime, electron-hole recombination, and high surface area. CQDs/g-C3N4 has recently emerged as a novel technology due to its excellent physical and chemical properties, especially in the reduction of CO2. Thus, this review outlines the recent modification of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) by carbon quantum dots (CQDs), which include the synthesis of CQDs/g-C3N4 for CO2 reduction. Lastly, the review discusses physicochemical properties-photocatalytic activity relationship of CQDs/g-C3N4 in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. This review provides a wide range of perspectives and a guideline for designing the more effective CQDs/ g-C3N4 for photocatalytic reduction of CO2.
The impact of 60 days of ‐6° head down tilt bed rest on mitochondrial content, respiration and regulators of mitochondrial dynamics
Authors: Noone John , Damiot Anthony , Kenny Helena , Chery Isabelle , Zahariev Alexandre , Normand Sylvie , Crampes François , de Glisezinski Isabelle , Rochfort Keith D. , Laurens Claire , Bareille Marie‐Pierre , Simon Chantal , Bergouignan Audrey , Blanc Stéphane , O'Gorman Donal J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is unclear how skeletal muscle metabolism and mitochondrial function adapt to long duration bed rest and whether changes can be prevented by nutritional intervention. The present study aimed (1) to assess the effect of prolonged bed rest on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and dynamics and (2) to determine whether micronutrient supplementation would mitigate the adverse metabolic effect of bed rest. Participants were maintained in energy balance throughout 60 days of bed rest with micronutrient supplementation (INT) (body mass index: 23.747 ± 1.877 kg m–2; 34.80 ± 7.451 years; n = 10) or without (control) (body mass index: 24.087 ± 2.088 kg m–2; 33.50 ± 8.541 years; n = 10). Indirect calorimetry and dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry were used for measures of energy expenditure, exercise capacity and body composition. Mitochondrial respiration was determined by high‐resolution respirometry in permeabilized muscle fibre bundles from vastus lateralis biopsies. Protein and mRNA analysis further examined the metabolic changes relating to regulators of mitochondrial dynamics induced by bed rest. INT was not sufficient in preserving whole body metabolic changes conducive of a decrease in body mass, fat‐free mass and exercise capacity within both groups. Mitochondrial respiration, OPA1 and Drp1 protein expression decreased with bed rest, with an increase pDrp1s616. This reduction in mitochondrial respiration was explained through an observed decrease in mitochondrial content (mtDNA:nDNA). Changes in regulators of mitochondrial dynamics indicate an increase in mitochondrial fission driven by a decrease in inner mitochondrial membrane fusion (OPA1) and increased pDrp1s616.
imageKey points
Sixty days of −6° head down tilt bed rest leads to significant changes in body composition, exercise capacity and whole‐body substrate metabolism.
Micronutrient supplementation throughout bed rest did not preserve whole body metabolic changes.
Bed rest results in a decrease in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity, mainly as a result of an observed decrease in mitochondrial content.
Prolonged bed rest ensues changes in key regulators of mitochondrial dynamics.
OPA1 and Drp1 are significantly reduced, with an increase in pDrp1s616 following bed rest indicative of an increase in mitochondrial fission.
Given the reduction in mitochondrial content following 60 days of bed rest, the maintenance of regulators of mitophagy in line with the increase in regulators of mitochondrial fission may act to maintain mitochondrial respiration to meet energy demands.
Conceptual Design of Experimental Test Rig for Research on Thermo-Flow Processes During Direct Contact Condensation in the Two-Phase Spray-Ejector Condenser
Authors: Madejski Paweł , Karch Michał , Michalak Piotr , Banasiak Krzysztof 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The paper presents the conceptual design of a prototype experimental facility for mixing jet-type flow condensers investigations when the steam in exhaust gases is condensed on the water jet in the presence of CO2. The proposed experimental test rig was designed to give abilities to investigate the effectiveness of jet condensers experimentally as part of the CO2 capture phase and especially to investigate Spray-Ejector Condensers (SEC) developed as the combination of ejector and condenser devices. The paper presents the design and key features of the prototype installation components. The basic design was developed based on the simulation results, and for this purpose, model of installation, including characteristics of individual components, was built. The developed model helps to evaluate the main performances of the conceptual test rig and supports the test-rig design process. The main components and the features of the steam generation unit, CO2 supply and mixing with steam, process water preparation, and H2O and CO2 separation subsystem are discussed. The measuring system was designed to test the efficiency of compression and condensation processes of the SEC fed by the CO2/H2O gas mixture. The performances of the two-phase jet condensers can be analyzed by experimental investigation and calculation of heat transferred to the cooling water during direct contact condensation with the presence of CO2. The paper presents the results of heat flowrates and their uncertainties for the selected period of the experimental test, confirming the application of the novel developed test rig.
Amplicon-guided isolation and cultivation of previously uncultured microbial species from activated sludge
Authors: Verhoeven Maarten D. , Nielsen Per H. , Dueholm Morten K. D. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Microbes are fundamental for biological wastewater treatment. However, most microbial species found in activated sludge (AS) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have never been isolated and grown as pure cultures, thus limiting our understanding of the underlying biological processes. To change this, we here introduce an experimental setup where the plating of dispersed AS bacteria is combined with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the total plate biomass for rapid identification of growth conditions that allow for the isolation of key microbial species in AS. We show that agarose plates composed of AS fluid supplemented with various carbon sources support the growth of many previously uncultivated AS bacteria. To confirm that the approach can also be used to isolate previously uncultured species, we picked 200 colonies from the plates for growth in liquid medium. This resulted in 185 enriched cultures representing at least 76 strains based on unique 16S rRNA gene V1-V3 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). Classification of the ASVs with the MiDAS 5.1 database revealed 39 distinct genera, including AAP99,
Ca
. Brachybacter,
Ca
. Proximibacter, Ellin6067, midas_g_12, and midas_29279, which all lack pure culture representatives. Among the ASVs that obtained species-level classification, we observed 26 unique species of which 16 were only classified based on the MiDAS placeholder taxonomy highlighting the potential for culturing many novel taxa. Purification by restreaking and preparation of glycerol stocks resulted in 10 pure cultures of species commonly found in WWTPs globally, including
Rhodoferax
midas_s_1744,
Thauera
midas_s_1356,
Acidovorax
midas_s_1484,
Tessaracoccus
midas_s_1151, and
Sphingopyxis
midas_s_983.

IMPORTANCE

Biological wastewater treatment relies on complex microbial communities that assimilate nutrients and break down pollutants in the wastewater. Knowledge about the physiology and metabolism of bacteria in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may therefore be used to improve the efficacy and economy of wastewater treatment. Our current knowledge is largely based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon profiling, fluorescence
in situ
hybridization studies, and predictions based on metagenome-assembled genomes. Bacterial isolates are often required to validate genome-based predictions as they allow researchers to analyze a specific species without interference from other bacteria and with simple bulk measurements. Unfortunately, there are currently very few pure cultures representing the microbes commonly found in WWTPs. To address this, we introduce an isolation strategy that takes advantage of state-of-the-art microbial profiling techniques to uncover suitable growth conditions for key WWTP microbes. We furthermore demonstrate that this information can be used to isolate key organisms representing global WWTPs.
Multicenter evaluation of the Selux Next-Generation Phenotyping antimicrobial susceptibility testing system
Authors: Baker Kristin R. , Flentie Kelly , Spears Benjamin R. , Mozharov Sergey , Roberts Kristen , El ganbour Asmae , Somers Mark , Calkwood John , Liu Jamie , DaPonte Kayla , Sam Nikitha , Kaur Gurleen , Chen Felicia , Donato Jonathan , Chao Alan , Lewis Autumn , Sherman Jingzi , Mortimer Karen , Harrington Amanda T. , Traczewski Maria , Carpenter Darcie , Shortridge Dee , Lindley Jill , Diep Alexander , Norton Emmet , Green Matt , Gajewski Joe , Landrith Rebecca , Nalubega Fatuma , McCallum Justin , Beiswenger Melissa , Dolan Brittany , Brennan Kathleen , Carpenter Afton , Vacic Aleksandar , Flyer Alec N. , Pierce Virginia M. , Hooper David C. , Lewis II James S. , Stern Eric 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The Selux Next-Generation Phenotyping (NGP) system (Charlestown, MA) is a new antimicrobial susceptibility testing system that utilizes two sequential assays performed on all wells of doubling dilution series to determine MICs. A multicenter evaluation of the performance of the Selux NGP system compared with reference broth microdilution was conducted following FDA recommendations and using FDA-defined breakpoints. A total of 2,488 clinical and challenge isolates were included; gram-negative isolates were tested against 24 antimicrobials, and gram-positive isolates were tested against 15 antimicrobials. Data is provided for all organism-antimicrobial combinations evaluated, including those that did and did not meet FDA performance requirements. Overall very major error and major error rates were less than 1% (31/3,805 and 107/15,606, respectively), essential agreement and categorical agreement were >95%, reproducibility was ≥95%, and the average time-to-result (from time of assay start to time of MIC result) was 5.65 hours.
DAA-mediated HCV cure reduces HIV DNA levels in HCV/HIV coinfected people
Authors: Gobran Samaa T. , Pagliuzza Amélie , Khedr Omar , Fert Augustine , Chomont Nicolas , Bruneau Julie , Klein Marina B. , Ancuta Petronela , Shoukry Naglaa H. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) persists in HIV viral reservoirs despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection is associated with increased HIV reservoir size and residual HIV transcription during ART. Herein, we investigated the impact of direct acting antivirals (DAA)-mediated HCV cure on the size/transcriptional activity of the HIV reservoirs and investigated predictors of HIV reservoirs decline in HCV+/HIV+ coinfected individuals. HCV+/HIV+ (
n
= 20) and HCV+/HIV− (
n
= 14) participants were examined prior to DAA treatment (baseline), at the end of treatment (EOT), and at 12–24 weeks after EOT (follow-up). In HCV+/HIV+ individuals, DAA-mediated HCV cure significantly reduced integrated HIV DNA levels, mainly in participants infected with HCV prior to HIV. Integrated HIV DNA, unspliced (US), and multiply spliced (MS) HIV RNA levels were quantified in sorted CD4+ T-cells. Despite the transient elevation of US HIV RNA at EOT, changes in US and MS HIV RNA were not statistically significant. Plasma inflammation markers were measured and DAA also reduced plasma sCD163 and sCD14. Changes in immunological/virological parameters were analyzed using multivariate random forest analysis where pre-ART peak HIV viremia and HCV viral load predicted integrated HIV DNA and US RNA changes. In conclusion, we demonstrate the beneficial impact of DAA on HIV reservoirs and immune activation, with a fraction of HIV reservoirs being DAA-sensitive in people infected with HCV before HIV. Furthermore, we identify HIV/HCV viremia as the top predictors of DAA-mediated changes in the HIV reservoirs. These findings support the need for early ART and DAA treatment in HIV/HCV coinfections.

IMPORTANCE
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can control virus replication and prolong the life of people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the virus remains dormant within immune cells in what is called the HIV reservoir. Furthermore, 2.3 million PLWH are also coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and are at risk of developing chronic liver disease and cancer. HCV treatment with direct acting antivirals (DAA) can completely cure the infection in more than 95% of treated individuals and improve their long-term health outcomes. In this study, we investigated how HCV treatment and cure affect the HIV reservoir. We demonstrate the beneficial impact of DAA treatment as it reduces the HIV reservoirs in particular in people infected with HCV before HIV. These results support the need for early ART and DAA treatment in HIV/HCV coinfections.
Smartphone use for Paediatric Calculations in Emergencies (SPaCE)
Authors: Evans Jordan , Morrison Zoe , Thomas-Turner Rhian , Bouamra Omar , Mullen Stephen , Morgan Jeff 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe preparation for critically ill children involves calculating drug and fluid volumes using the commonly taught WETFLAG (weight, energy, endotracheal tube, fluids, lorazepam, adrenaline, glucose) acronym. While smartphone applications (apps) are increasingly used for these calculations in clinical practice, limited studies have explored their accuracy and safety.AimTo assess the accuracy of three calculation methods for paediatric emergency drug doses and fluid volumes: a smartphone app, reference charts and traditional calculation methods. The secondary aims were to investigate the effect on the time taken and self-reported stress levels.MethodsA convenience sample of healthcare professionals from four hospitals contributed. Participants calculated drug and fluid doses for fictional patients using the three different methods. The method and case order were randomised centrally. The study recorded the number of errors made during the calculations, healthcare professionals’ self-reported stress levels on a scale of 0 (no stress) to 10 (maximum stress) and the time taken for each case. The app was developed at the direct request of the study team.ResultsNinety-six participants calculated values for six fictional cases, resulting in 576 calculations. Traditional calculation methods showed a statistically significant higher rate of error compared with the use of a smartphone app or reference charts (mean=1, 0, 0, respectively). The smartphone app outperformed both traditional calculation methods and reference charts for time taken and user-reported stress levels.ConclusionsTraditional methods of ‘WETFLAG’ drug and fluid calculations are associated with a statistically significant increased risk of error compared with the use of reference charts or smartphone app. The smartphone app proved significantly faster and less stressful to use compared with traditional calculation methods or reference charts.
Changes in soft drinks purchased by British households associated with the UK soft drinks industry levy: a controlled interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Rogers Nina T , Pell David , Mytton Oliver T , Penney Tarra L , Briggs Adam , Cummins Steven , Jones Catrin , Rayner Mike , Rutter Harry , Scarborough Peter , Sharp Stephen , Smith Richard , White Martin , Adams Jean 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo determine changes in household purchases of drinks 1 year after implementation of the UK soft drinks industry levy (SDIL).DesignControlled interrupted time series.ParticipantsHouseholds reporting their purchasing to a market research company (average weekly n=22 091), March 2014 to March 2019.InterventionA two-tiered tax levied on soft drinks manufacturers, announced in March 2016 and implemented in April 2018. Drinks with ≥8 g sugar/100 mL (high tier) are taxed at £0.24/L, drinks with ≥5 to <8 g sugar/100 mL (low tier) are taxed at £0.18/L.Main outcome measuresAbsolute and relative differences in the volume of, and amount of sugar in, soft drinks categories, all soft drinks combined, alcohol and confectionery purchased per household per week 1 year after implementation.ResultsIn March 2019, compared with the counterfactual, purchased volume of high tier drinks decreased by 140.8 mL (95% CI 104.3 to 177.3 mL) per household per week, equivalent to 37.8% (28.0% to 47.6%), and sugar purchased in these drinks decreased by 16.2 g (13.5 to 18.8 g), or 42.6% (35.6% to 49.6%). Purchases of low tier drinks decreased by 170.5 mL (154.5 to 186.5 mL) or 85.8% (77.8% to 93.9%), with an 11.5 g (9.1 to 13.9 g) reduction in sugar in these drinks, equivalent to 87.8% (69.2% to 106.4%). When all soft drinks were combined irrespective of levy tier or eligibility, the volume of drinks purchased increased by 188.8 mL (30.7 to 346.9 mL) per household per week, or 2.6% (0.4% to 4.7%), but sugar decreased by 8.0 g (2.4 to 13.6 g), or 2.7% (0.8% to 4.5%). Purchases of confectionery and alcoholic drinks did not increase.ConclusionsCompared with trends before the SDIL was announced, 1 year after implementation, volume of all soft drinks purchased combined increased by 189 mL, or 2.6% per household per week. The amount of sugar in those drinks was 8 g, or 2.7%, lower per household per week. Further studies should determine whether and how apparently small effect sizes translate into health outcomes.Trial registration numberISRCTN18042742.