bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taxanes for the treatment of breast cancer during pregnancy: an international cohort study
Authors: Ferrigno Guajardo Ana S , Vaca-Cartagena Bryan F , Mayer Erica L , Bousrih Chayma , Oluchi Oke , Saura Cristina , Peccatori Fedro , Muñoz-Montaño Wendy , Cabrera-Garcia Alvaro , Lambertini Matteo , Corrales Luis , Becerril-Gaitan Andrea , Sella Tal , Newman Alexandra Bili , Pistilli Barbara , Martinez Ashley , Ortiz Carolina , Joval-Ramentol Laia , Scarfone Giovanna , Buonomo Barbara , Lara-Medina Fernando , Sanchez Jacqueline , Arecco Luca , Ramos-Esquivel Allan , Susnjar Snezana , Morgan Gilberto , Villarreal-Garza Cynthia , Azim Hatem A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The addition of taxanes to anthracycline-based chemotherapy is considered standard of care in the treatment of breast cancer. However, there are insufficient data regarding the safety of taxanes during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of obstetric and neonatal adverse events associated with the use of taxane-containing chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of breast cancer during pregnancy.

Methods
This is a multicenter, international cohort study of breast cancer patients treated with taxanes during pregnancy. A descriptive analysis was undertaken to synthetize available data.

Results
A total of 103 patients were included, most of whom were treated with paclitaxel and anthracyclines given in sequence during gestation (90.1%). The median gestational age at taxane initiation was 28 weeks (range = 12-37 weeks). Grade 3-4 adverse events were reported in 7 of 103 (6.8%) patients. The most common reported obstetric complications were intrauterine growth restriction (n = 8 of 94, 8.5%) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (n = 5 of 94, 5.3%). The live birth rate was 92 of 94 (97.9%), and the median gestational age at delivery was 37 weeks (range = 32-40 weeks). Admission to an intensive care unit was reported in 14 of 88 (15.9%) neonates, and 17 of 70 (24.3%) live births resulted in small for gestational age neonates. Congenital malformations were reported in 2 of 93 (2.2%).

Conclusion
Obstetric and neonatal outcomes after taxane exposure during pregnancy were generally favorable and did not seem to differ from those reported in the literature with standard anthracycline-based regimens. This study supports the use of taxanes during gestation when clinically indicated.
Self-selection of Ukrainian refugees and displaced persons in Europe
Authors: van Tubergen Frank , Kogan Irena , Kosyakova Yuliya , Pötzschke Steffen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The literature on migrants’ self-selection is focused on labour migrants, while little is known about refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs). We contribute to this scant literature, by (1) examining a broad set of factors that could determine self-selection, (2) contrasting self-selection profiles of refugees and IDPs, and (3) comparing self-selection profiles of refugees across countries. Specifically, we compare the self-selection profiles of Ukrainian refugees and IDPs with stayers in the months directly following the Russian full-scale invasion in February 2022. We draw on unique, cross-nationally comparative data from the OneUA project, which surveyed Ukrainian refugees and displaced persons in Europe as well as those who stayed in Ukraine in the summer of 2022. More than 24,000 Ukrainian women residing in nine countries participated in this survey. We find systematic empirical patterns of self-selection related to people’s region of origin, family status, and individual-level characteristics.
A rare case of jejunal Vanek’s tumor causing intussusception in an adult: a case report and comprehensive literature overview
Authors: Fabbri Nicolò , Rimi Francesco , Sani Valentina , Pesce Antonio , Greco Salvatore , Gobbo Stefano , Feo Carlo V 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Inflammatory fibroid polyp, or Vanek's tumor, is an uncommon benign small bowel tumor and a rare cause of intussusception in adults. This case involves a 62-year-old man with persistent abdominal pain, diagnosed with jejunoileal intussusception. A 4 cm inflammatory fibroid polyp was discovered during surgery, leading to distal jejunal resection. Despite the rarity of adult intussusceptions, they should be considered in abdominal pain diagnoses. The optimal management approach, whether en bloc resection or initial reduction with limited resection, remains debated.
Low-grade sinonasal non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Alrodiman Osama A , Alwadi Fahad A , Almahdi Mohammed , Pharaon Majed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sinonasal non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma is a rare but important differential diagnosis in patients presenting with recurrent, unexplained epistaxis. Low-grade types have a more favourable prognosis as opposed to the more aggressive high-grade. Symptoms include nasal obstruction and epistaxis that can last up to 5 years. We report a case of a rare low-grade sinonasal non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma in a 43-year-old male who is frequently exposed to wood and dust particles. Endoscopy revealed right nasal mass occupying the entire nasal cavity as well as inferior turbinate hypertrophy and mass attached to the nasal septum on computed tomography. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis and was classified as pT1NX with the presence of mitotic figures, which are more commonly present in the high-grade subtype.
Endovascular repair of a ruptured axillary artery during open reduction of the shoulder dislocation with humerus fracture
Authors: Matsushima Hirokazu , Shintani Tsunehiro , Kita Hidenori , Hasegawa Yuto 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Axillary artery injury secondary to shoulder dislocation with humerus fracture is rare. Rupture of the axillary artery during open reduction is extremely rare. Here, we report about a rare case of a ruptured axillary artery during an open reduction for shoulder dislocation with humerus fracture. A 58-year-old man with left shoulder pain because of a fall after alcohol consumption was diagnosed as having left shoulder dislocation with a humerus fracture. He underwent open reduction surgery. During the procedure, bleeding was observed, and further examination through angiography revealed an ruptured axillary artery. To address this urgent situation, stent grafts were promptly deployed retrogradely from the brachial artery. The postoperative course was uneventful, except for brachial plexus palsy. In the emergent setting, endovascular repair is an efficient alternative to conventional open surgery for controlling bleeding when a ruptured axillary artery occur during open reduction for shoulder dislocation.
An insidious internal hernia 30 years after jejunoileal bypass: a case report
Authors: Palomäki Ville A , Palomurto Saana , Venesmaa Sari , Käkelä Pirjo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Jejunoileal bypass (JIB) was an early bariatric procedure that involved bypassing most of the small bowel resulting in malabsorption and weight loss. Due to serious complications associated with the procedure, JIB was largely discontinued by the mid-1980s. We report the case of a 77-year-old woman with a history of JIB 31 years earlier. In 2022, she was hospitalized for acute abdominal pain. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a suspicion of internal hernia (IH) with a typical swirl sign. Due to the quick relief of symptoms an emergency surgery was not considered at the time. Nevertheless, a subsequent operation revealed a large mesenteric defect, adhesions and 100 cm of effective small bowel left. Although the procedure is no longer performed, some patients with JIB are still alive and develop late complications. To our knowledge, this is the first case report describing an IH in a patient who has undergone JIB.
Heart failure in valvular heart disease
Authors: Sanz Ana Pardo , Milinković Ivan , Zamorano José Luis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a serious complication of valvular heart disease (VHD) and is related to worse outcomes. The most common aetiologies of severe native VHD are aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation. In all patients with VHD, echocardiography is the mainstay for diagnosis and severity stratification, and other non-invasive and invasive methods provide more precise insight into valve anatomy, as well as heart and pulmonary function. Guideline-directed medical treatment may be used in patients with HF and aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors, vasodilators, and diuretics are useful in aortic regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation. Percutaneous intervention and/or surgery is the method of choice that improves outcomes in selected patients. It is advisable that treatment decision should be made by a multidisciplinary heart team, taking into consideration specific aspects of every single valve disease.
Genetic basis of cardiomyopathies
Authors: Thum Thomas , Heymans Stephane , Backs Johannes 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Genetic variants are major determinants of susceptibility to disease and clinical outcomes in many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, in particular cardiomyopathies. Next-generation sequencing approaches have discovered a vast majority of genetic variants in the human genome and pinpointed several gene loci with particular importance in the development of cardiomyopathies. This particular chapter highlights the genetic diversity of cardiomyopathies, focuses on molecular and functional phenotyping of disease cohorts, and summarizes the current key aspects in specific forms of cardiomyopathies, including hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies, storage disease cardiomyopathies, and peripartum cardiomyopathies. Finally, the chapter describes current knowledge about underlying molecular pathways and provides an overview of future next-generation therapeutics targeting cardiomyopathies.
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Basso Cristina , Calkins Hugh , Corrado Domenico 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heredo-familial heart muscle disease characterized by progressive myocardial atrophy with fibrofatty replacement. It is a rare disease with an estimated prevalence of 1:2000 to 1:5000. Pathogenic mutations are identified in about 50% of probands, mostly in genes encoding desmosomal proteins. ARVC is a major cause of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias at risk of sudden death in the young. A less common presentation is heart failure mimicking dilated cardiomyopathy. Risk stratification is a major clinical challenge, and sport disqualification is lifesaving. Antiarrhythmic drugs, catheter ablation, and implantable cardioverter–defibrillator are the therapeutic tools. The diagnostic criteria have been updated to improve diagnostic sensitivity while maintaining specificity. The identification of biventricular and left ventricular variants, through genotype–phenotype studies, including contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, supports the use of the broader term ‘arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy’. The recently proposed international consensus guidelines for diagnosis will be discussed.
Systemic adaptations in metabolism and nutritional status
Authors: Haehling Stephan von , Doehner Wolfram 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Metabolic imbalance in heart failure affects energy and structural metabolism. The resulting anabolic/catabolic imbalance intensifies body wasting processes, leading to sarcopenia and cachexia. Whereas sarcopenia describes the loss of functional skeletal muscle, cachexia refers to easily measurable loss of body weight without reference to a specific tissue type. Loss of appetite and malnutrition can be part of the clinical picture of body wasting, but both are not the pathophysiological foundation of the problem. Still the supply of micro- and macronutrients, as well as exercise training, can help in the treatment of wasting in heart failure. This chapter describes the definitions of, and therapeutic approaches to, wasting in patients with heart failure.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing
Authors: Moderato Luca , Lazzeroni Davide , Adamopoulos Stamatis , Cohen-Solal Alain , Piepoli Massimo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Compared to traditional exercise tests, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) provides a complete and integrated assessment of exercise physiology involving cardiovascular, pulmonary, muscular, and cellular oxidative systems. In providing a direct measurement of oxygen consumption, CPET helps physicians to understand different causes of dyspnoea, fatigue, and exercise limitation, thereby providing unique information to differentiate between cardiac, pulmonary, or peripheral disease. CPET is also extremely helpful to optimize decision-making processes and monitoring of therapeutic effects, especially in heart failure (HF) patients. Moreover, CPET provides useful and independent prognostic markers in both the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. In HF patients, CPET allows to assess the presence of multi-organ dysfunction, including respiratory, muscular, and neurohormonal system impairment. This chapter summarizes methodological considerations, physiological implications, clinical applications, and future directions of CPET.
Heart rate reduction with ivabradine in heart failure
Authors: Böhm Michael , Komajda Michel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Ivabradine inhibits hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide–gated (HCN) channels, and thereby the ‘funny’ channel If, leading to heart rate reduction, which is dependent on the baseline heart rate. Heart failure treatment should be optimized, in addition to guideline-directed and recommended drugs, to achieve an appropriate heart rate (i.e. 50–60 bpm) with use of ivabradine in patients with a heart rate of &gt;70 bpm in sinus rhythm and with an ejection fraction of ≤35% (SHIFT trial). In this trial, heart rate reduction reduced cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization, dependent on the baseline resting heart rate. In particular, in patients with a heart rate of &gt;75 bpm, a reduction in cardiovascular death, all-cause death, heart failure death, heart failure hospitalization, and all-cause hospitalization was observed. The optimal heart rate achieved appears to be between 50 and 60 bpm, if well tolerated, as in these patients, the lowest event rate is observed on treatment. Heart rate reduction is therefore a treatable risk factor in chronic heart failure. Observational studies support the concept that it is a risk indicator in other cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular conditions. Whether heart rate reduction is also modifying the risk in conditions other than chronic heart failure should be explored in prospective clinical trials.
Valve interventions
Authors: Orwat Stefan , Anker Stefan D , Baumgartner Helmut 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Valvular heart disease (VHD) and heart failure (HF) are closely related. Untreated severe primary VHD ultimately ends up in HF being a main cause of death. Secondary VHD in HF of other causes, on the other hand, is known to aggravate morbidity and mortality. Correct distinction between primary and secondary VHD, as well as its quantification, require particular expertise and are critical as treatment strategies differ fundamentally. Whereas valve intervention is indicated early in primary VHD to avoid HF development, and definitely as soon as early symptoms of HF occur, intervention in secondary VHD is currently considered in patients who remain symptomatic despite optimal HF treatment and VHD is assumed to be a relevant driver of HF and its consequences. The evolvement of transcatheter VHD intervention has dramatically changed treatment options, particularly in secondary VHD. The multidisciplinary heart team appears essential in this context to provide appropriate management decisions.
Ancillary procedures
Authors: Coats Andrew JS , Ponikowski Piotr P , Costanzo Maria-Rosa , Abraham William T 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Effective treatments for heart failure are still an urgent priority because of the large residual mortality and morbidity of this condition. Much recent innovation has been in the field of implantable devices, as well as in other procedures which offer potential benefit. Procedures that have thus far demonstrated promising results include cardiac contractility modulation, autonomic modulation, and respiratory rhythm modulation. This chapter reviews recently approved procedures and devices, and explores what might be on the horizon in this area, with already successful phase 2 trial results.
Clinical aspects of chronic kidney disease in heart failure
Authors: Martens Pieter , Rocca Hans-Peter Brunner-La 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The kidney and the heart are heavily intertwined and can alter the prognosis of each other. The occurrence of heart failure (HF) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and vice versa is very common. Adequate evaluation of kidney function encompasses both assessment of glomerular and tubular function, the latter being especially important during decongestive therapy. CKD patients are at higher risk of death from cardiovascular causes and of being admitted for an unplanned heart failure hospitalization. The importance of ensuring adequate lifesaving guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) is unquestioned, yet observational studies clearly indicate that patients with CKD are less likely to receive such GDMT. Small changes in eGFR after initiation of GDMT do not diminish the expected benefits from GDMT; so efforts should be made to ensure GDMT is optimized in patients with both HF and CKD. Given the reduced physiologic reserve in patients with advanced CKD, close monitoring is indicated.
Ventilatory abnormalities and sleep disordered breathing
Authors: Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Salvioni Elisabetta , Costanzo Maria Rosa , Coats Andrew JS 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Abnormalities of ventilation are frequently observed in chronic heart failure patients and, at least in part, form the basis of common symptoms, such as dyspnoea, fatigue, and exercise performance limitation. They are evident during daily activities, including exercise, as well as during sleep. Abnormalities of ventilation include mechanical abnormalities of chest wall movements, and
exchange changes and ventilatory control abnormalities. They may also include specific respiratory pattern abnormalities, such as exercise-induced oscillatory breathing, sleep apnoea either obstructive or central in origin, and hypopnoea and Cheyne–Stokes respiration. All are possible targets of heart failure therapy and, most importantly, all have a strong and independent prognostic role.
Management of atrial fibrillation in heart failure
Authors: Metzner Andreas , Rottner Laura , Schleberger Ruben , Moser Fabian , Kirchhof Paulus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Heart failure and atrial fibrillation are two important epidemics in cardiovascular medicine. The two conditions often coexist. The ESC guidelines for atrial fibrillation provide a pathway to guide diagnosis and treatment of the condition. The cornerstones of atrial fibrillation treatment remain oral anticoagulation according to the CHA2DS2-VASc Score and identification and treatment of concomitant cardiovascular conditions, including heart failure. Rhythm control therapy is currently recommended to improve atrial fibrillation -related symptoms. Especially in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure, rhythm control therapy can have important impact on other outcomes, including heart failure progression and death. The recently published EAST-AFNET 4 trial emphasizes the necessity of early rhythm control in atrial fibrillation patients to reduce cardiovascular events. The heart failure sub-analysis and the heart failure sub-analysis of the CABANA trial both underpin that rhythm control therapy can prevent atrial fibrillation -related complications, such as cardiovascular death, stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure across the range of left ventricular ejection fractions. Thus, rhythm control therapy emerges as the default third pillar of therapy for patients with recently diagnosed atrial fibrillation and for those with both atrial fibrillation and heart failure.
Clinical trial design and interpretation
Authors: Savarese Gianluigi , Polovina Marija , Filippatos Gerasimos 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) represent the gold standard to test treatment benefit in medicine because randomization, unlike adjustments in observational studies, allows controlling for any known and unknown, measured and unmeasured confounder. Blinding is a further procedure used in RCTs to reduce risk of bias. Setting adequate selection criteria in RCTs is key to test the population that the intervention is intended for and to enrich the trial for the occurrence of cardiovascular endpoints and reduce the risk of competing events. However, too strict selection criteria might lead to questions bout the generalizability of RCTs findings to real-world populations. Intention-to-treat analysis is the gold standard in RCT analysis but use of per-protocol as supporting sensitivity analysis is highly recommended. Pre-specification when approaching subgroup analysis prevents the selective reporting of results and leads to more credible and valuable findings compared with post-hoc analyses. Novel and more dynamic trial design might make possible running more, more effective, and cheaper randomized controlled trials in the heart failure field.
Telemedicine and remote monitoring in heart failure
Authors: Bekfani Tarek , Koehler Friedrich , Abraham William T 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite advances in pharmacological and device therapies for patients with heart failure (HF), morbidity and mortality, and in particular the rate of HF hospitalizations, remain very high resulting in a considerable health economic burden. Remote monitoring (RM) added to guideline-directed drug and device therapies offers an improvement in care delivery and clinical outcomes for patients regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction. Ninety per cent of HF patients exhibit volume overload when admitted to the hospital. Consequently, most RM approaches and technologies target fluid volume management as a means for improving outcomes. A great variety of innovative RM technologies, such as wearable and implantable devices, algorithms, or systems of care have been introduced and others are under investigation, to optimize volume overload management. In this chapter, we discuss unmet needs in the management of patients with HF and how some forms of RM contribute to improved patient outcomes.
Lysine acetylation regulates the AT-rich DNA possession ability of H-NS
Authors: Liu Yabo , Zhou Mengqing , Bu Yifan , Qin Liang , Zhang Yuanxing , Shao Shuai , Wang Qiyao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
H-NS, the histone-like nucleoid-structuring protein in bacteria, regulates the stability of the bacterial genome by inhibiting the transcription of horizontally transferred genes, such as the type III and type VI secretion systems (T3/T6SS). While eukaryotic histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) have been extensively studied, little is known about prokaryotic H-NS PTMs. Here, we report that the acetylation of H-NS attenuates its ability to silence horizontally transferred genes in response to amino acid nutrition and immune metabolites. Moreover, LC−MS/MS profiling showed that the acetyllysine sites of H-NS and K120 are indispensable for its DNA-binding ability. Acetylation of K120 leads to a low binding affinity for DNA and enhances T3/T6SS expression. Furthermore, acetylation of K120 impairs the AT-rich DNA recognition ability of H-NS. In addition, lysine acetylation in H-NS modulates in vivo bacterial virulence. These findings reveal the mechanism underlying H-NS PTMs and propose a novel mechanism by which bacteria counteract the xenogeneic silencing of H-NS.