bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of key responsive leaf physiochemical traits for ozone sensitivity in 16 Italian cultivars of Triticum durum subjected to peak concentrations
Authors: Picchi Valentina , Risoli Samuele , Nali Cristina , Lorenzini Giacomo , D'Asaro Lorenzo , Pisuttu Claudia , Pellegrini Elisa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlants of 16 Italian cultivars of durum wheat at the tillering stage were exposed to a single pulse of ozone (O3, 200 ppb, 5 h) to reveal the mechanisms explaining their O3 tolerance/sensitivity by considering some leaf physiochemical traits [e.g., stomatal conductance, photosystem II (PSII) efficiency, antioxidant enzyme activity, and phytohormone synthesis]. At the end of the recovery period (48 h from the beginning of the exposure), all cultivars showed visible foliar injury in the form of widespread chlorosis which developed in bifacial ivory necrotic lesions scattered among the leaf veins of completely expanded leaves. Mongibello leaves showed not only the highest severity of visible injury (McKinney index = 62%), but also a reduction of PSII performance (Fv/Fm ratio: −22% compared with controls) together with an activation of the dissipation of the excess excitation energy as heat (qNP: +35%). The photosynthetic impairment observed throughout the whole experiment, was likely due to stomatal limitations (gs: −36% as average) and indicated that this cultivar was very sensitive to a pulse of O3. Similar results were obtained for Latino and Meridiano. Conversely, Iride, Orobel, and Portorico showed the lowest severity of visible injury (McKinney index around 13%) suggesting that they could be considered tolerant to a pulse of O3. These cultivars showed none or only transient changes due to O3 in terms of photosynthetic activity (e.g., A values), while the slight decrease of Fv/Fm ratio did not determine the photoinhibition of the PSII activity, since mechanisms for dissipating excess excitation energy were being activated. Ozone treatment induced a significant reduction of CO2 assimilation rate (−34%) in Orobel and this is not attributable to stomatal and non‐stomatal limitations. The remaining cultivars were considered moderately sensitive to O3, with McKinney index in the range of 20–43%. The measured biochemical traits are not decisive in determining the O3 sensitivity. In particular, the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase increased only in seven cultivars; among them, only in Latino, Vetrodur, and Simeto, this enhancement reflected in an accumulation of phenolic compounds suggesting potential higher protection against reactive oxygen species. This work highlights the relevance of identifying O3‐sensitive cultivars, in the optic to develop sustainable strategies to mitigate the impact of peak O3 episodes on wheat production.
Brief Remarks on the Strategic Experimentation of Belonging and the Instauring of Cosmicities in the Context of Art Education
Authors: Atkinson Dennis 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article considers the notion of belonging as an always incomplete and evolving journey integral to which is the gift of otherness; a journey that consists of a continuous mutation of self, others and world. This contrasts with the more fixed notion of ‘belonging‐to’ that suggests prescribed identities affiliated to an established order, which can then invoke the negation of ‘not belonging’ and the subsequent violence of exclusion, marginalisation or dispossession that we witness almost endlessly. The negation of negation as manifested, perhaps unconsciously, in educational practices that need to respond empathetically to diverse pathways of learning, is central to this article. In this light perhaps in education we require a new declaration of rights, the right to have rights, that extends cartographies and obligations of belonging, in a world of increasing precarity. The article explores the notion of belonging in educational practices by articulating a series of scenarios in order to open up collective debate for possibilities in pedagogical practice.
Shattered childhood: Experiences of polio survivors in Finland 1950s and 1960s
Authors: Elomaa‐Krapu Minna , Kaunonen Marja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimTo describe the childhood experiences of patients with polio from the acute phase of the disease during post‐war Finland in the 1950s and 1960s.DesignQualitative empirical study based on self‐reported history of nursing rooted in the past, a history of experiences.MethodologyInterview materials were gathered in the form of themes (45) and written interviews (4) (29 September 2018 to 30 June 2019). Data were analysed by reflexive thematic analysis to highlight hidden and latent experiences. This approach generated the study's main theme, themes and subthemes.ResultsThe main theme, ‘shattered childhood’, generated from the study results and was then divided into two themes, both of which were influenced in part by the loss of a familiar childhood, the changed environment, the breakdown of the body and the absence of control. Through their childhood memories, polio survivors described their broken childhoods using the following themes: ‘betrayal by their bodies’ and ‘isolation’. In the narratives, the theme ‘betrayal by one's own body’ was generated by the following subthemes: ‘suddenness of the affliction’, ‘paralysis’ and ‘being moved to the hospital’. The ‘isolation’ theme developed from the subthemes ‘isolation from the body and surroundings’ and ‘emotional and social loneliness’.ConclusionPolio survivors' experiences during the acute stage of the disease were traumatic and demonstrated children's inferior nursing position in Finland in the 1950s and 1960s.ImpactThe study increases our understanding of the history of caring for children and families who were affected and disabled by polio and the importance of their experiences in society and healthcare settings.Patient or Public ContributionThe authors collaborated with the Finnish Polio Association to recruit study participants and plan the study. Patients with polio during childhood underwent interviews, and their experiences formulated the data, which were analysed and the basis of the results.Reporting MethodConsolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ), a 32‐item checklist for interviews and focus groups, have been used as a reporting and checklist tool. All authors have agreed on the final version and the use of the COREQ criteria, relationship with participants, theoretical framework, setting, data collection and data analysis and report.
A hybrid systematic narrative review of instruments measuring home‐based care nurses' competency
Authors: Rusli Khairul Dzakirin Bin , Chua Wei Ling , Ang Wei How Darryl , Ang Seng Giap Marcus , Lau Ying , Liaw Sok Ying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to identify and synthesize the contents and the psychometric properties of the existing instruments measuring home‐based care (HBC) nurses' competencies.DesignA hybrid systematic narrative review was performed.Review MethodsThe eligible studies were reviewed to identify the competencies measured by the instruments for HBC nurses. The psychometric properties of instruments in development and psychometric testing design studies were also examined. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument and COSMIN checklist accordingly.Data SourcesRelevant studies were searched on CINAHL, MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, PsychINFO and Scopus from 2000 to 2022. The search was limited to full‐text items in the English language.ResultsA total of 23 studies reporting 24 instruments were included. 12 instruments were adopted or modified by the studies while the other 12 were developed and psychometrically tested by the studies. None of the instruments encompassed all of the 10 home‐based nursing care competencies identified in an earlier study. The two most frequently measured competencies were the management of health conditions, and critical thinking and problem‐solving skills, while the two least measured competencies were quality and safety, and technological literacy. The content and structural validity of most instruments were inadequate since the adopted instruments were not initially designed or tested among HBC nurses.ConclusionThis review provides a consolidation of existing instruments that were used to assess HBC nurses' competencies. The instruments were generally not comprehensive, and the content and structural validity were limited. Nonetheless, the domains, items and approaches to instrument development could be adopted to develop and test a comprehensive competency instrument for home‐based nursing care practice in the future.ImpactThis review consolidated instruments used to measure home‐based care nurses' competency. The instruments were often designed for ward‐based care nurses hence a comprehensive and validated home‐based nursing care competency instrument is needed. Nurses, researchers and nursing leaders could consider the competency instruments identified in this review to measure nurses' competencies, while a home‐based nursing care competency scale is being developed.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution was required in this review.
Intellectual disabilities and dementia: New tasks and experiences of Austrian formal caregivers
Authors: Pendl Dominik , Glatz Mathieu , Gasteiger‐Klicpera Barbara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn Austria, due to its history, only relatively little research on the topic of intellectual disabilities and dementia has been conducted to date. The present study thus aims to explore the challenges and tasks currently facing formal caregivers, together with assessing their wishes for further development.MethodsTen semi‐structured interviews were held with formal caregivers. Interviews were transcribed and analysed by means of structured qualitative content analysis.ResultsCaregivers must deal with conflicts between residents, and with increasing demands for care and emotional support. Education and training on dementia and intellectual disability are mostly of high quality, but still remain insufficient. Caregivers would like to see suitable adaptation of care premises, smaller groups, more staff and better training on dementia and intellectual disability.ConclusionTo ensure quality care and ‘ageing in place’, caregivers and providers need to pay greater attention to dementia‐related changes when planning and adapting services.
Increased risk of hospitalization, intensive care and death due to COVID‐19 in patients with adrenal insufficiency: A Swedish nationwide study
Authors: Bergthorsdottir Ragnhildur , Esposito Daniela , Olsson Daniel S , Ragnarsson Oskar , Dahlqvist Per , Bensing Sophie , Nåtman Jonatan , Johannsson Gudmundur , Nyberg Fredrik 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) have excess morbidity and mortality related to infectious disorders. Whether patients with AI have increased morbidity and mortality from COVID‐19 is unknown.MethodsIn this linked Swedish national register‐based cohort study, patients with primary and secondary AI diagnosis were identified and followed from 1 January 2020 to 28 February 2021. They were compared with a control cohort from the general population matched 10:1 for age and sex. The following COVID‐19 outcomes were studied: incidence of COVID‐19 infection, rates of hospitalization, intensive care admission and death. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) adjusted for socioeconomic factors and comorbidities were estimated using Cox regression analysis.ResultsWe identified 5430 patients with AI and 54,300 matched controls: There were 47.6% women, mean age was 57.1 (standard deviation 18.1) years, and the frequency of COVID‐19 infection was similar, but the frequency of hospitalization (2.1% vs. 0.8%), intensive care (0.3% vs. 0.1%) and death (0.8% vs. 0.2%) for COVID‐19 was higher in AI patients than matched controls. After adjustment for socioeconomic factors and comorbidities, the HR (95% CI) was increased for hospitalization (1.96, 1.59–2.43), intensive care admission (2.76, 1.49–5.09) and death (2.29, 1.60–3.28).ConclusionPatients with AI have a similar incidence of COVID‐19 infection to a matched control population, but a more than twofold increased risk of developing a severe infection or a fatal outcome. They should therefore be prioritized for vaccination, antiviral therapy and other appropriate treatment to mitigate hospitalization and death.
Whither naïve realism? – I
Authors: Byrne Alex , Green E. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDifferent authors offer subtly different characterizations of naïve realism. We disentangle the main ones and argue that illusions provide the best proving ground for naïve realism and its main rival, representationalism. According to naïve realism, illusions never involve perceptual error. We assess two leading attempts to explain apparent perceptual error away, from William Fish and Bill Brewer, and conclude that they fail. Another leading attempt is assessed in a companion paper, which also sketches an alternative representational account.
The pollination ecology of a rare case of bee‐pollinated Psittacanthus mistletoe
Authors: Castro S. J. , Castro A. B. , Araújo N. M. , Abreu V. H. R. , Oliveira M. L. , Fadini R. F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The genus Psittacanthus (Loranthaceae) is widely distributed in the Neotropical region, where it is known for its large, colourful, scentless flowers. Until very recently, all Psittacanthus species were regarded as exclusively hummingbird‐pollinated and the large species radiation in the genus attributed to the interactions with bird dispersers and pollinators. P. eucalyptifolius (Kunth) G.Don. is the only species reported as bee‐pollinated.
Here we describe the floral biology, floral visitors, and the reproductive system of P. eucalyptifolius in an Amazonian savanna, Brazil. We also compare the pollination success (reproductive performance) among different Psittacanthus species reported in previous studies.
Psittacanthus eucalyptifolius produces sweet‐scented flowers, and a small quantity of concentrated nectar. At least five species of scopate bees were recorded visiting and carrying pollen of P. eucalyptifolius. Xylocopa frontalis carried most pollen, visited more flowers, remained longer, and touched reproductive parts of flowers in >95% of the observed visits.
Experiments indicate that P. eucalyptifolius is partially autocompatible (39% autonomous pollination) but depends on pollinators to achieve higher performance (~78% in control), indicating that bees can be as effective as birds in pollinating this group of mistletoes.
IRR1 contributes to de novo root regeneration from Arabidopsis thaliana leaf explants
Authors: Yan Jiawen , Song Yu , Li Meng , Hu Ting , Hsu Yi‐Feng , Zheng Min 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlants are capable of regenerating adventitious roots (ARs), which is important for plant response to stress and survival. Although great advances in understanding AR formation of leaf explants have been made, the regulatory mechanisms of AR formation still need to be investigated. In this study, irr1‐1 (impaired root regeneration) was isolated with the inhibition of adventitious rooting from Arabidopsis leaf explants. The β‐glucuronidase (GUS) signals of IRR1pro::GUS in detached leaves could be detected at 2–6 days after culture. IRR1 is annotated to encode a Class III peroxidase localized in the cell wall. The total peroxidase (POD) activity of irr1 mutants was significantly lower than that of the wild type. Detached leaves of irr1 mutants showed enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation 4 days after leaves were excised from seedlings. Moreover, thiourea, a ROS scavenger, was able to rescue the adventitious rooting rate in leaf explants of irr1 mutants. Addition of 0.1 μM indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) improved the adventitious rooting from leaf explants of irr1 mutants. Taken together, these results indicated that IRR1 was involved in AR formation of leaf explants, which was associated with ROS homeostasis to some extent.
Trauma‐informed organizational climate and its impact on first responder burnout during COVID‐19
Authors: Headley Andrea M. , Witkowski Kaila , Remington Christa , Ganapati N. Emel , Contreras Santina L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFirst responders experience work‐related challenges in higher magnitudes than other occupations. Organizational elements may mitigate or exacerbate burnout for first responders during public health emergencies (e.g., COVID‐19). This mixed methods study of first responders in the United States aims to (1) assess the relationship between a trauma‐informed organizational climate (TIC) and burnout; (2) analyze the moderating effect of TIC on role strain and burnout; and (3) identify how a TIC can mitigate contributors to burnout. Survey data (n = 3,517) of first responders demonstrate that a TIC (of safety, trust, choice, collaboration, and empowerment) negatively correlates with burnout. Further, a TIC moderates the positive relationship between role strain and burnout. Interviews of first responders (n = 91) reveal that fewer employee interactions, lack of rule‐following behaviors, impaired communication, staffing shortages, and limited time off contribute to burnout. Open communication, resource provision, collaboration opportunities, and creative problem‐solving enhance work climate.
The effects of visual attention on social behavior
Authors: Capozzi Francesca , Kingstone Alan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPsychology has made tremendous strides in understanding the effects that social stimuli have on attention. However, one aspect that has received relatively less consideration is the role that attention plays in social interactions. The present review examines how attentional orienting, engagement, and communication affect and shape a diverse array of social processes, including person perception, discrimination, and group structures. Specifically, the empirical evidence reviewed here points to the notions that (1) attentional orienting mediates learning and acquisition of others' attitudes and reflects or reinforces the use of stereotypical social information; (2) attentional engagement increases the accuracy of impression formation and modulates impression valence (positive vs. negative) depending on contextual and cultural factors; (3) attentional communication conveys socially appropriate behavior depending on interpersonal factors such as familiarity, intimacy, and social status. Overall, this review reveals that the links between cognitive and social psychology are strong and bidirectional, binds that hold the potential for many new and exciting discoveries in the near future.
Two‐phase Bayesian latent class analysis to assess diagnostic test performance in the absence of a gold standard: COVID‐19 serological assays as a proof of concept
Authors: Camirand Lemyre Felix , Honfo Sewanou Hermann , Caya Chelsea , Cheng Matthew P. , Colwill Karen , Corsini Rachel , Gingras Anne‐Claude , Jassem Agatha , Krajden Mel , Márquez Ana Citlali , Mazer Bruce D. , McLennan Meghan , Renaud Christian , Yansouni Cedric P. , Papenburg Jesse , Lewin Antoine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn this proof‐of‐concept study, which included blood donor samples, we aimed to demonstrate how Bayesian latent class models (BLCMs) could be used to estimate SARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence in the absence of a gold standard assay under a two‐phase sampling design.Materials and MethodsTo this end, 6810 plasma samples from blood donors who resided in Québec (Canada) were collected from May to July 2020 and tested for anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies using seven serological assays (five commercial and two non‐commercial).ResultsSARS‐CoV‐2 seroprevalence was estimated at 0.71% (95% credible interval [CrI] = 0.53%–0.92%). The cPass assay had the lowest sensitivity estimate (88.7%; 95% CrI = 80.6%–94.7%), while the Héma‐Québec assay had the highest (98.7%; 95% CrI = 97.0%–99.6%).ConclusionThe estimated low seroprevalence (which indicates a relatively limited spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 in Quebec) might change rapidly—and this tool, developed using blood donors, could enable a rapid update of the prevalence estimate in the absence of a gold standard. Further, the present analysis illustrates how a two‐stage BLCM sampling design, along with blood donor samples, can be used to estimate the performance of new diagnostic tests and inform public health decisions regarding a new or emerging disease for which a perfect reference standard does not exist.
Domain Adaptation of Population-Based of Bolted Joint Structures for Loss Detection of Tightening Torque
Authors: da Silva Samuel , Omori Yano Marcus , Teloli Rafael de Oliveira , Chevallier Gaël , Ritto Thiago G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates how to improve the performance of a classifier of tightening torque in bolted joints by applying transfer learning. The procedure uses vibration measurements to extract features and to train a classifier using a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). The key to enhancing the surrogate model for torque loss detection is considering the bolted joint structures with more qualitative and quantitative knowledge as the source domain, where labels are known and the classifier is trained. After applying a domain adaptation method, it is possible to reuse this trained classifier for a target domain, i.e., a set of different limited data of bolted joint structures with unknown labels. Four different bolted joint structures are analyzed. The new experimental tests adopt a wide range of torque in the bolts to extract the features with the respective labels under safe or unsafe tightening torque. All combinations of possible source or target domains are considered in the application to demonstrate whether the method can aid the detection of the loss of tightening torque, reducing the learning steps and the training sample. A guidance list is discussed based on this population-based structural health monitoring (SHM) of bolted joint structures.
Human-Comfort Evaluation for a Patient-Transfer Robot Through a Human–Robot Mechanical Model
Authors: Chen Mengqian , Li Shunda , Yang Zhiqiang , Liu Qiming , Guo Shijie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Patient-transfer robot, which can transfer a bedridden care receiver from a bed to a wheelchair or a pedestal pan and back, was not widely used due to inadequate safety and comfort. A human comfort evaluation function based on force analysis was proposed to improve the comfort of a dual-arm transfer robot. First, a human–robot mechanical model was construct by simplifying the structure of human body and the robot. Then, the internal and external forces acting on human body were calculated by the developed human–robot mechanical model. After that, a comfort evaluation function was established through mechanical analysis and a questionnaire investigation method. To assess the validity of the proposed method, first we employed the comfort evaluation function to estimate human comfort, and obtained that the comfort level is proportional to the electromyography (EMG) signal and pressure signal of human. Then we applied the function to a dual-arm patient-transfer robot to optimizing lifting points and transfer posture and found it can effectively reduce the human–robot contact force and the burden of the waist by 44.2%, improving the comfortability of the care receiver.