bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Better off breathing: an explanation for the seemingly detrimental impact of aerobic respiration on
Zymomonas mobilis
Authors: McKinlay James B. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

The bacterium
Zymomonas mobilis
is best known for fermentatively producing more ethanol than yeast. However,
Z. mobilis
has also puzzled researchers for decades with the counterintuitive observation that disrupting aerobic respiration benefits aerobic growth, implying that fermentation remains favorable. Retention of detrimental respiration genes seemed to defy natural selection. New findings by Felczak et al. help clarify the importance of respiration for
Z. mobilis
and the factors that led to the confusing prior results (M. M. Felczak, M. P. Bernard, and M. A. TerAvest, 2023, mBio 14:e02043-23,
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02043-23
). The team overcame redundancy from multiple genome copies to delete what turned out to be a key terminal oxidase. Unlike previous studies, wherein mutants exhibited low respiration rates and had improved aerobic growth, this mutant was incapable of respiration and had poor aerobic growth. Thus, respiration is important but surprisingly exceeds what is optimal under lab conditions. Respiration likely protects against toxic effects of oxygen, ensuring retention of respiration genes in the
Z. mobilis
genome.
Complete genome sequence of tulip virus X, a Korean isolate from
Tulipa gesneriana
Authors: Bak Sangmin , Jeong Hyowon , Son Su-Jin , Kim Minseok , Lim Taegun , Lee Su-Heon 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
In this study, the presence of tulip virus X (TVX) in Korean tulips was confirmed through high-throughput RNA sequencing. Its complete genome sequence of 6,056 nucleotides was determined via Sanger sequencing, exhibiting a 99.24% nucleotide identity with TVX-J isolate. This signifies a previously unreported presence of TVX outside Japan.
Safety and efficacy of primaquine in patients withPlasmodium vivaxmalaria from South Asia: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Verma Reena , Commons Robert J , Gupta Apoorv , Rahi Manju , Nitika  , Bharti Praveen K , Thriemer Kamala , Rajasekhar Megha , Singh-Phulgenda Sauman , Adhikari Bipin , Alam Mohammad Shafiul , Ghimire Prakash , Khan Wasif A , Kumar Rishikesh , Leslie Toby , Ley Benedikt , Llanos-Cuentas Alejandro , Pukrittayakamee Sasithon , Rijal Komal Raj , Rowland Mark , Saravu Kavitha , Simpson Julie A , Guerin Philippe J , Price Ric N , Sharma Amit 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe optimal dosing of primaquine to prevent relapsingPlasmodium vivaxmalaria in South Asia remains unclear. We investigated the efficacy and safety of different primaquine regimens to preventP. vivaxrelapse.MethodsA systematic review identifiedP. vivaxefficacy studies from South Asia published between 1 January 2000 and 23 August 2021. In a one-stage meta-analysis of available individual patient data, the cumulative risks ofP. vivaxrecurrence at day 42 and 180 were assessed by primaquine total mg/kg dose and duration. The risk of recurrence by day 180 was also determined in a two-stage meta-analysis. Patients with a >25% drop in haemoglobin to <70 g/L, or an absolute drop of >50 g/L between days 1 and 14 were categorised by daily mg/kg primaquine dose.ResultsIn 791 patients from 7 studies in the one-stage meta-analysis, the day 180 cumulative risk of recurrence was 61.1% (95% CI 42.2% to 80.4%; 201 patients; 25 recurrences) after treatment without primaquine, 28.8% (95% CI 8.2% to 74.1%; 398 patients; 4 recurrences) following low total (2 to <5 mg/kg) and 0% (96 patients; 0 recurrences) following high total dose primaquine (≥5 mg/kg). In the subsequent two-stage meta-analysis of nine studies (3529 patients), the pooled proportions ofP. vivaxrecurrences by day 180 were 12.1% (95% CI 7.7% to 17.2%), 2.3% (95% CI 0.3% to 5.4%) and 0.7% (95% CI 0% to 6.1%), respectively. No patients had a >25% drop in haemoglobin to <70 g/L.ConclusionsPrimaquine treatment led to a marked decrease inP. vivaxrecurrences following low (~3.5 mg/kg) and high (~7 mg/kg) total doses, with no reported severe haemolytic events.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022313730.
Do treats facilitate the interpretation of findings on caloric restriction?
Authors: Oudmaijer Christiaan Albert Johan , Pol Robert A , Minnee Robert C , Vermeij Wilbert , Ijzermans Jan N M 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionFood can build social bonds and enhance interpersonal relationships. An area of research perhaps at odds with food abundance, is caloric restriction (CR), intermittent fasting (IF) or short-term fasting (STF). We aimed to study the impact of offering treats on the audience during presentations on IF and STF and whether this impacted the audience’s reception of the subject. The contradiction of the tempting nature of sharing brownies juxtaposed with the potential health benefits presented is a light-hearted subject in a world where nutritional intake and health outcomes are the object of intense academic discussion.ObjectiveInvestigate how treats influence hospital personnel interpretation of information presented on the potential benefits of CR, IF and STF.MethodsThis trial consists of a cross-sectional study (CSS) and a randomised controlled trial (RCT) conducted at three study centres. The CSS involved a survey administered to healthcare professionals to assess their knowledge, experience and willingness regarding IF and/or STF. In the RCT, brownies were randomly provided to healthcare staff attending a scientific meeting on restricting calories.Results135 participants were included in the CSS and 64 participants joined the randomised experiment. We found that the randomisation had no statistically significant effect. Only 2 out of 64 were aware of the irony of the provided treatment. In the CSS, participants most often cited the expected beneficial effects on their short-term and long-term health as important reasons for adhering to IF and/or STF. Perceiving fasting as beneficial was mostly influenced by knowledge on the topic and previously adhering to a fasting diet.DiscussionIn this light-hearted, holiday-inspired exploratory study, we found that providing your audience with treats does not influence participants’ opinion of you or your research, even when it focuses on the benefits of reducing calorie intake. The recipients of the treat will remain critical of presented findings, and due to prior experiences will be receptive to the counterintuitive topic of fasting.
Lived experience of recurrent miscarriage: women and their partners’ experience of subsequent pregnancy and support within an NHS specialist clinic – a qualitative study
Authors: Hawkes Amelia , Shields Rebecca Claire , Quenby Siobhan , Bick Debra , Parsons Jo , Harris Bronwyn 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to describe the lived experiences of couples with a history of recurrent miscarriage in subsequent pregnancies and their perception of clinic support and cytogenetic investigations.DesignA qualitative interview study with a phenomenological approach. Semistructured interviews were conducted using video conferencing software. Two researchers coded the transcripts and developed themes.SettingA National Health Service (NHS) hospital in central England between May 2021 and July 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic.ParticipantsPatients attending a specialist recurrent miscarriage clinic and their partners. This clinic accepts referrals from all over the UK for couples who have suffered two or more miscarriages.ResultsSeventeen participants were interviewed: 14 women and 3 male partners. Six main themes were identified from the data. Three related to the women’s lived experience of recurrent miscarriage (emotions in pregnancy, confidence in their bodies, expectations and coping strategies) and three related to the clinical support offered by the NHS service (impact of early pregnancy scanning, effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and cytogenetic investigations).ConclusionsPregnancy following recurrent miscarriage is extremely difficult. Recurrent miscarriage specialist services can provide couples with support and access to early pregnancy scanning, which can make the first trimester of pregnancy manageable. Partners should not be excluded from the clinic as it can result in a feeling of disconnect. Cytogenetic testing of pregnancy tissue can offer couples with recurrent miscarriage closure after pregnancy loss and is a desired investigation.
Biosimilar SB15 versus reference aflibercept in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: 1-year and switching results of a phase 3 clinical trial
Authors: Sadda SriniVas R , Bradvica Mario , Vajas Attila , Sagong Min , Ernest Jan , Studnička Jan , Veith Miroslav , Wylegala Edward , Patel Sunil , Yun Cheolmin , Orski Michal , Astakhov Sergei , Tóth-Molnár Edit , Csutak Adrienne , Enyedi Lajos , Choi Wooree , Oh Inkyung , Jang Hyerin , Woo Se Joon 
Published: December 2023

Background/aimsTo evaluate efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and immunogenicity of SB15 versus reference aflibercept (AFL), and switching from AFL to SB15 in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).DesignProspective, double-masked, randomised, phase 3 trial.MethodsParticipants with nAMD were randomised 1:1 to receive SB15 (N=224 participants) or AFL (N=225). At week 32, participants either continued on SB15 (SB15/SB15, N=219) or AFL (AFL/AFL, N=108), or switched from AFL to SB15 (AFL/SB15, N=111). This manuscript reports 1-year and switching results of secondary efficacy endpoints such as changes from baseline to week 56 in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CST, from internal limiting membrane (ILM) to retinal pigment epithelium), and total retinal thickness (TRT, from ILM to Bruch’s membrane). Additional endpoints included safety, PK and immunogenicity.ResultsEfficacy results were comparable between groups. The least squares mean (LSmean) change in BCVA from baseline to week 56 was 7.4 letters for SB15/SB15 and 7.0 letters for AFL/AFL (difference (95% CI)=0.4 (−2.5 to 3.2)). The LSmean changes from baseline to week 56 in CST and TRT were −119.2 µm and −132.4 µm for SB15/SB15 and −126.6 µm and −136.3 µm for AFL/AFL, respectively (CST: difference (95% CI)=7.4 µm (−6.11 to 20.96); TRT: difference (95% CI)=3.9 µm (−18.35 to 26.10)). Switched and non-switched participants showed similar LSmean changes in BCVA from baseline to week 56 (AFL/SB15, 7.9 letters vs AFL/AFL, 7.8 letters; difference (95% CI)=0.0 (−2.8 to 2.8)). Safety, PK and immunogenicity were comparable between groups.ConclusionsEfficacy, safety, PK and immunogenicity were comparable between SB15 and AFL and between switched and non-switched participants.
Uncovering potential distinctive acoustic features of healing music
Authors: Ding Yue , Jing Jiaqi , Guo Qihui , Zhou Jiajia , Cheng Xinyao , Chen Xiaoya , Wang Lihui , Tang Yingying , Fan Qing 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundMusic therapy is a promising complementary intervention for addressing various mental health conditions. Despite evidence of the beneficial effects of music, the acoustic features that make music effective in therapeutic contexts remain elusive.AimsThis study aimed to identify and validate distinctive acoustic features of healing music.MethodsWe constructed a healing music dataset (HMD) based on nominations from related professionals and extracted 370 acoustic features. Healing-distinctive acoustic features were identified as those that were (1) independent from genre within the HMD, (2) significantly different from music pieces in a classical music dataset (CMD) and (3) similar to pieces in a five-element music dataset (FEMD). We validated the identified features by comparing jazz pieces in the HMD with a jazz music dataset (JMD). We also examined the emotional properties of the features in a Chinese affective music system (CAMS).ResultsThe HMD comprised 165 pieces. Among all the acoustic features, 74.59% shared commonalities across genres, and 26.22% significantly differed between the HMD classical pieces and the CMD. The equivalence test showed that the HMD and FEMD did not differ significantly in 9.46% of the features. The potential healing-distinctive acoustic features were identified as the standard deviation of the roughness, mean and period entropy of the third coefficient of the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients. In a three-dimensional space defined by these features, HMD’s jazz pieces could be distinguished from those of the JMD. These three features could significantly predict both subjective valence and arousal ratings in the CAMS.ConclusionsThe distinctive acoustic features of healing music that have been identified and validated in this study have implications for the development of artificial intelligence models for identifying therapeutic music, particularly in contexts where access to professional expertise may be limited. This study contributes to the growing body of research exploring the potential of digital technologies for healthcare interventions.
Neuropalliative care in a tertiary-level hospital
Authors: Swerts Diego , Araújo Ana , Vulcano Polyana , Prado Bernard , Miyake Caroline , Docema Rafael , Hwang Hye , Peres Mario 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesPalliative care in neurology is a recent specialty to improve the quality of life of patients with severe neurological diseases. This study aims to determine the frequency of neurological inpatients who had indication of palliative care, and evaluate the symptomatology, demographic profile, the need for supportive measures, advance directives for life and medical history of patients in a tertiary hospital in Brazil.MethodsThis cross-sectional analytical study evaluated all patients admitted to the neurological semi-intensive care unit (ICU) at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein with neurological conditions from February through August 2022. The Palliative Performance Scale (weight loss greater than 5% associated with body changes and a negative response to the question: ‘Would you be surprised if the patient died within 1 year?’) was used to indicate palliative care. Patients were divided into three groups: patients with palliative care needs (groupindication), patients without palliative care needs (groupwithout indication) and patients who received at least one assessment of a palliative care team (grouppalliative). Demographic data were analysed using the Χ2test for qualitative and Kruskal-Wallis test for quantitative variables.ResultsOf the 198 patients included in the study, 115 (58%) had palliative care needs. Only 6.9% received assessment by the palliative care team, and 9.56% had advance directives in their medical records. Patients in groupindicationhad a higher prevalence of symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, shortness of breath and lack of appetite, and required more supportive measures, such as oxygen therapy, enteral/parenteral nutrition, admissions at ICU and days in hospital.ConclusionDespite the high demand for palliative care in neurology, few patients receive this treatment, resulting in decreased quality of care. Therefore, greater integration and discussion of palliative care in neurology are needed.
Analyzing quantum gravity spillover in the semiclassical regime
Authors: Sahota Harkirat Singh , Lochan Kinjalk 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOne of the standard approaches of incorporating the quantum gravity (QG) effects into the semiclassical analysis is to adopt the notion of a quantum-corrected spacetime arising from the QG model. This procedure assumes that the expectation value of the metric variable effectively captures the relevant QG subtleties in the semiclassical regime. We investigate the viability of this effective geometry approach for the case of dust dominated and a dark energy dominated universe. We write the phase space expressions for the geometric observables and construct corresponding Hermitian operators. A general class of operator ordering of these observables is considered, and their expectation values are calculated for a unitarily evolving wave packet. In the case of dust dominated universe, the expectation value of the Hubble parameter matches the “semiclassical” expression, the expression computed from the scale factor expectation value. In the case of the Ricci scalar, the relative difference between the semiclassical expression and quantum expectation is maximum at singularity and decays for late time. For a cosmological constant driven universe, the difference between the semiclassical expressions and the expectation value is most pronounced far away from the bounce point, hinting at the persistent quantum effect at the late time. The parameter related to the shape of the distribution appears as a control parameter in these models. In the limit of a sharply peaked distribution, the expectation value of the observables matches with their semiclassical counterpart, and the usage of effective geometry approach is justified.
Observational signatures of a static f(R) black hole with thin accretion disk
Authors: Fathi Mohsen , Cruz Norman 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, we focus on a static spherically symmetric f(R) black hole spacetime characterized by a linear dark matter-related parameter. Our investigation delves into understanding the influence of different assumed values of this parameter on the observable characteristics of the black hole. To fulfill this task, we investigate the light deflection angles, which are inferred from direct analytical calculations of null geodesics. To examine the black hole’s properties further, we assume an optically thin accretion disk and explore various emission profiles. Additionally, we investigate the shadow cast by the illuminated black hole when affected by the disk. Furthermore, we simulate the brightness of an infalling spherical accretion in the context of silhouette imaging for the black hole. Our findings indicate that, except for some specific cases, the observed brightness of the accretion disk predominantly arises from direct emission, rather than lensing and photon rings. Moreover, we reveal that the linear dark parameter of the black hole significantly influences the shadow size and brightness. Our discussion covers both analytical and numerical approaches, and we utilize ray-tracing methods to produce accurate visualizations.
The neural networks of touch observation
Authors: Schaefer Michael , Kuehn Esther , Schweitzer Felix , Muehlhan Markus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Studies have consistently demonstrated that the mere observation of touch engages our own somatosensory cortices. However, a systematic evaluation of the involved networks is missing. Here, we present results of a meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM) approach based on clusters revealed by activation likelihood estimation (ALE) combined with resting-state analysis to detect networks subserving our ability to empathize with tactile experiences of other people. ALE analysis revealed 8 clusters in frontal, temporal, and parietal brain areas, which behavioral domain profiles predominantly refer to cognition and perception. The MACM analysis further identified distinct networks that are subserved by subcortical structures, revealed that all clusters involved in touch observation are connected to dorso-medial frontal and anterior cingulate cortex control regions, and showed that medial temporal lobe memory structures do not inform network activation during touch observation (confirmed by post hoc resting-state connectivity analyses). Our data highlight the importance of higher-level control areas and suggest only a minor role for past bodily experiences in the ad hoc perception of other people’s experiences.
A Machine Learning Model for Lightning-Related Deaths in Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Maionchi Daniela , Araújo Adriano Carvalho Nunes e , Martins Walter Aguiar , da Silva Junior Gonçalves , de Souza Danilo Ferreira 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Brazil presents the highest number of lightning-related deaths in the world. This study aimed to identify the key victims’ characteristics associated with such fatalities in Brazil and to develop a model that predicts the number of deaths as function of the victims’ data. The dataset provided by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System in Brazil (DATASUS) was analyzed and machine learning regression techniques were applied. The gradien-boosting regressor (GBR) model was found to be the most effective, achieving a prediction accuracy of 97%. Through the analysis of 34 initial variables, 10 variables were identified as having the greatest influence on the model’s outcomes. These variables included race, gender, age group, occupational accidents, education, and location of death. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for implementing targeted prevention and safety strategies in various regions, helping to mitigate the risk of lightning-related deaths worldwide. Additionally, the methodology used in this study can serve as a framework for similar research in different locations, allowing for the identification of important factors specific to each region. By adapting the machine learning regression techniques and incorporating local datasets, researchers can gain valuable insights into the determinants of lightning-related fatalities, enabling the development of effective prevention and safety measures tailored to specific geographical areas.

Significance Statement
This study presents a machine learning approach using the gradient-boosting regressor (GBR) method to estimate the weekly number of lightning-related deaths with an impressive 97% prediction accuracy. The research includes a comprehensive analysis of various factors, such as race, gender, age group, occupational accidents, education, and location of death, providing valuable insights for targeted preventive strategies and safety measures. The findings significantly contribute to understanding lightning-related fatalities in Brazil. The proposed machine learning model demonstrates a robust and accurate fit to the data, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of patterns and underlying trends in lightning fatalities.