bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In safe hands: child health data storage, linkage and consent for use
Authors: Wild Cervantée E K , Rawiri Ngauru T , Taiapa Ken , Anderson Yvonne C 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhile there is potential for societal benefit from linkage and integration of large datasets, there are gaps in our understanding of the implications for children and young people, and limited inclusion of their views within this discourse. We aimed to understand the views and expectations of children, young people and their parents/caregivers in Aotearoa New Zealand regarding child health data storage, linkage and consent for use. This qualitative study included 24 Māori and non-Māori children, young people and their families across five focus groups, recruited from a community-based health service. A mixed Māori and non-Māori research team facilitated participant recruitment and data collection. Child, adolescent and parent/caregiver groups were held separately. Sessions were audio-recorded and the verbatim transcripts were analysed thematically. We identified three themes: (i) I am more than a number: seeing patients as people; (ii) In safe hands: data as power; and (iii) What are your intentions with my data? Consent as an active relationship. A key challenge was the reductive and stigmatizing potential of data integration for minoritised groups. Hypothetical discussions of data sharing and linkage were contingent on trust between the participant and the health professional, with negotiated data ownership. Consent was conceived as an active relationship needing renewal and renegotiation as children reached adulthood. Current consent processes for ongoing use of child data require further deliberation. Without a strong ethical and child rights-based approach to issues of child health data management, consent and linkage, we risk exacerbating health inequities and experiences of breach of trust.
A brief history of artificial intelligence embryo selection: from black-box to glass-box
Authors: Lee Tammy , Natalwala Jay , Chapple Vincent , Liu Yanhe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With the exponential growth of computing power and accumulation of embryo image data in recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) is starting to be utilized in embryo selection in IVF. Amongst different AI technologies, machine learning (ML) has the potential to reduce operator-related subjectivity in embryo selection while saving labor time on this task. However, as modern deep learning (DL) techniques, a subcategory of ML, are increasingly used, its integrated black-box attracts growing concern owing to the well-recognized issues regarding lack of interpretability. Currently, there is a lack of randomized controlled trials to confirm the effectiveness of such black-box models. Recently, emerging evidence has shown underperformance of black-box models compared to the more interpretable traditional ML models in embryo selection. Meanwhile, glass-box AI, such as interpretable ML, is being increasingly promoted across a wide range of fields and is supported by its ethical advantages and technical feasibility. In this review, we propose a novel classification system for traditional and AI-driven systems from an embryology standpoint, defining different morphology-based selection approaches with an emphasis on subjectivity, explainability, and interpretability.
Testing the waters: founding team composition and search heuristics in academic entrepreneurial ventures
Authors: Savage Jeffrey , Ziedonis Arvids A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Entrepreneurial action often stems from individual judgment about the value potential of market opportunities. Where entrepreneurs direct their search for and evaluate profitable opportunities has long received scholarly consideration. Attention has been increasingly directed toward how search is conducted, with a distinction between “cognitive” search, where actors are driven by a prior belief about the linkage between actions and outcomes (i.e., “learning-before-doing”) and “experiential search,” in which the solution must be realized through experimentation, trial-by-error, or “learning-by-doing.” We examine founders’ experiential search for market applications in uncertain technological environments. In doing so, we seek to uncover how founder background, experience, and depth of knowledge affect the firm’s degree of experiential search. We examine a sample of technology-oriented start-ups founded by researchers from six major US research universities to investigate the role of experiential search in university technology commercialization. In our context of academic entrepreneurship, we find that founding teams that draw from multiple disciplinary perspectives in selecting a market application to pursue exhibit a broader cognitive map of the technological landscape and thus expend more effort in the experiential search process than do teams with less varied backgrounds. Conversely, teams that include individuals with prior commercial experience conduct less experiential search, although this evidence is less strong. The inclusion of students appears to lead to greater experiential search by the founding team. Our findings add new understanding to the application of search heuristics by entrepreneurial firms in technology commercialization.
On Restricted Averages of Dedekind Sums
Authors: Minelli Paolo , Sourmelidis Athanasios , Technau Marc 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We investigate the averages of Dedekind sums over rational numbers in the set $\mathscr {F}_{\alpha }(Q) = \{\,{v}/{w}\in \mathbb {Q}: 0&lt;w\leq Q\,\}\cap \lbrack 0, \alpha )$ for fixed $\alpha \leq 1/2$. In previous work, we obtained asymptotics for $\alpha =1/2$, confirming a conjecture of Ito in a quantitative form. In the present article we extend our former results, first to all fixed rational $\alpha $ and then to almost all irrational $\alpha $. As an intermediate step we obtain a result quantifying the bias occurring in the second term of the asymptotic for the average running time of the by-excess Euclidean algorithm, which is of independent interest.
The Mapping Class Group of Manifolds Which Are Like Projective Planes
Authors: Su Yang , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we compute the mapping class group of simply-connected closed smooth manifolds $M$ with integral homology $H_{*}(M) \cong {\mathbb {Z}} \oplus {\mathbb {Z}} \oplus {\mathbb {Z}}$ provided that $\dim M \ne 4$.
Poissonian Pair Correlation for $\alpha n^{\theta }$ mod 1
Authors: Radziwiłł Maksym , Shubin Andrei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We show that sequences of the form $\alpha n^{\theta } \pmod {1}$ with $\alpha&gt; 0$ and $0 &lt; \theta &lt; \tfrac {43}{117} = \tfrac {1}{3} + 0.0341 \ldots $ have Poissonian pair correlation. This improves upon the previous result by Lutsko, Sourmelidis, and Technau, where this was established for $\alpha&gt; 0$ and $0 &lt; \theta &lt; \tfrac {14}{41} = \tfrac {1}{3} + 0.0081 \ldots $. We reduce the problem of establishing Poissonian pair correlation to a counting problem using a form of amplification and the Bombieri–Iwaniec double large sieve. The counting problem is then resolved non-optimally by appealing to the bounds of Robert–Sargos and (Fouvry–Iwaniec–)Cao–Zhai. The exponent $\theta = \tfrac {2}{5}$ is the limit of our approach.
The Annual Economic Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Adults in the United States
Authors: Carrico Justin , Hicks Katherine A , Wilson Eleanor , Panozzo Catherine A , Ghaswalla Parinaz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Current estimates of the economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are needed for policymakers to evaluate adult RSV vaccination strategies.

Methods
A cost-of-illness model was developed to estimate the annual societal burden of RSV in US adults aged ≥60 years. Additional analyses were conducted to estimate the burden of hospitalized RSV in all adults aged 50–59 years and in adults aged 18–49 years with potential RSV risk factors.

Results
Among US adults aged ≥60 years, the model estimated 4.0 million annual RSV cases (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 2.7–5.6 million) and an annual economic burden of $6.6 billion (95% UI, $3.1–$12.9 billion; direct medical costs, $2.9 billion; indirect costs, $3.7 billion). The 4% of RSV cases that were hospitalized contributed to 94% of direct medical costs. Additional analyses estimated $422 million in annual hospitalization costs among all adults aged 50–59 years. Among adults aged 18–49 years with RSV risk factors, annual per capita burden was highest among people with congestive heart failure at $51 100 per 1000 people.

Discussion
The economic burden of RSV is substantial among adults aged ≥50 years and among adults aged 18–49 years with RSV risk factors, underscoring the need for preventive interventions for these populations.
Antiviral Activity of Lenacapavir Against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Isolates and Drug-Resistant HIV-2 Mutants
Authors: Smith Robert A , Raugi Dana N , Nixon Robert S , Seydi Moussa , Margot Nicolas A , Callebaut Christian , Gottlieb Geoffrey S ,   for the University of Washington–Senegal HIV-2 Study Group, Sall Fatima , Diallo Khardiata , Diallo Mouhamadou Baïla , Faye Khadim , Cisse Samba , Simal Fatou , Sy Marie Pierre , Diaw Binetou , Ndiaye Ousseynou , Faye Babacar , Diop Ndeye Astou , Diop Amadou Bale , Fadiome Marianne , Sall ElHadji Ibrahima , Kande Boubacar , Malomar Jean Jacques , Cisse Ousseynou , Tamba Ibrahima Tito , Faye Dominique , Diallo Papa Amadou , Diop Mamadou Habib , Diatta Jean Phillippe , Diene Adji Fatoumata , Badiane François , Diatta Baboucar , Bakhoum Raphael , Barry Aissatou , Sané Aissatou Mamy , Sambou Jacques Francois , Diedhiou Bokeni , Diatta Sidy , Gomis Juliette , Dieye Terese , Hawes Stephen , Benzekri Noelle , Lin John , Chang Ming , Coombs Robert , Mullins James , Sow Papa Salif , Kiviat Nancy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The activity of lenacapavir against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been extensively evaluated in vitro, but comparable data for human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) are scarce. We determined the anti–HIV-2 activity of lenacapavir using single-cycle infections of MAGIC-5A cells and multicycle infections of a T-cell line. Lenacapavir exhibited low-nanomolar activity against HIV-2, but was 11- to 14-fold less potent against HIV-2 in comparison to HIV-1. Mutations in HIV-2 that confer resistance to other antiretrovirals did not confer cross-resistance to lenacapavir. Although lenacapavir-containing regimens might be considered for appropriate patients with HIV-2, more frequent viral load and/or CD4 testing may be needed to assess clinical response.
Digital literacy in undergraduate pharmacy education: a scoping review
Authors: Alowais Mashael , Rudd Georgina , Besa Victoria , Nazar Hamde , Shah Tejal , Tolley Clare 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Conduct a scoping review to identify the approaches used to integrate digital literacy into undergraduate pharmacy programs across different countries, focusing on methods for education, training, and assessment.

Materials and methods
Following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, we searched 5 electronic databases in June 2022: MEDLINE (Ovid), PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL. Three independent reviewers screened all articles; data extraction was conducted by 2 reviewers. Any discrepancies were arbitrated by 2 additional reviewers.

Results
Out of 624 articles, 57 were included in this review. Educational and training approaches for digital literacy in undergraduate pharmacy programs encompassed a theoretical understanding of health informatics, familiarization with diverse digital technologies, and applied informatics in 2 domains: patient-centric care through digital technologies, and the utilization of digital technologies in interprofessional collaboration. Blended pedagogical strategies were commonly employed. Assessment approaches included patient plan development requiring digital information retrieval, critical appraisal of digital tools, live evaluations of telehealth skills, and quizzes and exams on health informatics concepts. External engagement with system developers, suppliers, and other institutes supported successful digital literacy education.

Discussion and conclusion
This scoping review identifies various learning objectives, teaching, and assessment strategies to incorporate digital literacy in undergraduate pharmacy curricula. Recommendations include acknowledging the evolving digital health landscape, ensuring constructive alignment between learning objectives, teaching approach and assessments, co-development of digital literacy courses with stakeholders, and using standardized guidelines for reporting educational interventions. This study provides practical suggestions for enhancing digital literacy education in undergraduate pharmacy programs.
The mitochondrial fission protein DRP1 influences memory CD8+ T cell formation and function
Authors: Stevens Marissa G , Mason Frank M , Bullock Timothy N J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pharmacological methods for promoting mitochondrial elongation suggest that effector T cells can be altered to support a memory T cell–like metabolic state. Such mitochondrial elongation approaches may enhance the development of immunological memory. Therefore, we hypothesized that deletion of the mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) would lead to mitochondrial elongation and generate a large memory T cell population, an approach that could be exploited to enhance vaccination protocols. We find that, as expected, while deletion of DRP1 from T cells in dLckCre × Drp1flfl does compromise the magnitude and functionality of primary effector CD8+ T cells, a disproportionately large pool of memory CD8+ T cells does form. In contrast to primary effector CD8+ T cells, DRP1-deficient memory dLckCre × Drp1flfl CD8+ T cells mount a secondary response comparable to control memory T cells with respect to kinetics, magnitude, and effector capabilities. Interestingly, the relative propensity to form memory cells in the absence of DRP1 was associated with neither differentiation toward more memory precursor CD8+ T cells nor decreased cellular death of effector T cells. Instead, the tendency to form memory CD8+ T cells in the absence of DRP1 is associated with decreased T cell receptor expression. Remarkably, in a competitive environment with DRP1-replete CD8+ T cells, the absence of DRP1 from CD8+ T cells compromised the generation of primary, memory, and secondary responses, indicating that approaches targeting DRP1 need to be carefully tailored.
Negative pressure wound therapy for complex oral wounds
Authors: Sternick Mykaihla , Gates James C , Champion Allen , Yampolsky Andrew 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Negative pressure wound therapy provides a nonsurgical treatment option for many types of complex wounds. This therapy utilizes the vacuum-assisted closure device, which decreases air pressure, removes fluid that accumulates within the wound, and aids to facilitate changes that promote healing. Despite the increased use of negative pressure wound therapy in the head and neck region, there is substantially less data available on the management of transoral vacuum-assisted wound closure. Herein, we present a case of a novel approach for the creation and use of a transoral wound vac for a patient with a refractory orocutaneous wound in the setting of multiple previous free flaps and surgeries. A watertight seal was able to be maintained and the patient was compliant with treatment, resulting in successful management of the wound. We promote the consideration of this novel technique’s use for similar difficult-to-treat oral wounds.
Immune-mediated resolution of a herniated lumbar disc prolapse aided by motor control exercises—a case report
Authors: Garcia Abigail J , Ampat George 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Low back pain is the global leading cause of disability. Herniated intervertebral discs are a common cause of lower back pain. The natural history of the herniated intervertebral disc is that it can resorb spontaneously through an immune-mediated mechanism. Despite this favourable natural history, there is an increasing reliance on surgical intervention. A 64-year-old presented with a left L3/4 disc prolapse. With reassurance, simple analgesics, and motor control exercises, the MRI scan confirmed the complete resolution of the disc prolapse within 3 months. Patients with disc prolapses should be reassured that disc prolapses will naturally resolve and advised to remain active. Surgical intervention should only be considered with the presence of red flags, progressive neurology, or when clear evidence exists that all non-interventional techniques have been exhausted. With such a favourable natural history, caution should be exercised before surgical intervention is recommended.
Splenic abscess with spontaneous gastrosplenic fistula: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Campisi Andrea , Rocca Lorenzo , Altieri Gaia , Fico Valeria , Pepe Gilda , Lodoli Claudio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Gastrosplenic fistula (GSF) is an unusual event that might occur in patients with various gastric or splenic diseases. While GSF related to gastric and splenic malignancies is well-documented in the literature, cases of GSF due to a splenic abscess are extremely rare. We experienced the case of a 49-year-old man with a medical history of tricuspid cardiac valve replacement for infective endocarditis who presented with a sudden onset of anemia and melena. With the assistance of imaging and endoscopy, a primary splenic abscess complicated by spontaneous GSF was diagnosed. A prompt splenectomy with partial gastrectomy was performed. GSF is a serious occurrence associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. The early recognition of GSF related to a splenic abscess is crucial to prevent major complications. Surgical resection with splenectomy and partial gastrectomy is frequently preferred for the treatment of large abscesses with GSF.
Two-stage repair for DeBakey type II acute aortic dissection and distal aortic arch aneurysm in a nonagenarian patient
Authors: Shirakura Kentaro , Kunioka Shingo , Miyatani Kazuki , Mochizuki Nobuhiro , Isa Hideki , Setogawa Yuki , Suzuki Fumitaka , Okubo Ryo , Ushioda Ryohei , Hirofuji Aina , Tsutsui Masahiro , Ishikawa Natsuya , Kamiya Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although total arch replacement would be performed in a patient with acute type A aortic dissection and concomitant aortic aneurysm in the distal aortic arch, total arch replacement may be too invasive in elderly patients with significant morbidities. A 92-year-old female with acute type II DeBakey aortic dissection and concomitant distal aortic arch aneurysm was successfully treated with hemi-arch replacement followed by thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Hybrid two-stage repair of DeBakey type II aortic dissection complicated by distal arch aneurysm using thoracic endovascular aortic repair after hemi-arch replacement may be effective.
Anesthesia and perioperative management of bariatric surgery in a patient with BMI over 70 kg/m2: a case report
Authors: Dong Ling , Huang Chunxia , Jia Benli , Zhang Ye , Xue Qi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The anesthesia protocol of bariatric surgery has not been standardized in detail. This report introduced an optimized anesthesia strategy for a severely obese male patient for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and a continuous follow-up for 12 months. A 34-year-old male patient was admitted for super-super-obesity with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Based on the results of the examination before laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, he received an efficient preoperative exercise guidance for pulmonary function promotion and diet restriction. Multiple analgesia scheme consisted of regional nerve block and analgesics cocktail. He lost 103 kg without any complications till postoperative 12 months. His mental characteristics were also improved gradually. This case presented a superior composition in perioperative anesthesia management for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. To provide a reference for promoting the implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols in bariatric surgery.
Metachronous colon cancer metastasis to abdominal wall 7 years after rectosigmoid resection: a case report and literature review
Authors: Nikolovski Andrej , Nevchev Ivan , Ristovski Gligor , Misimi Shqipe , Burovska Mare , Tahir Shenol 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Distant metastases from colorectal cancer to the abdominal wall are rare presentations of the end-stage of the disease. In this case, we present a female patient treated for Stage I rectosigmoid cancer with the late occurrence of abdominal wall metastasis, 7 years after the primary cancer surgery. The patient was treated with surgical excision and abdominal wall reconstruction with the use of synthetic mesh. Literature research on the abdominal wall recurrence/metastases from colorectal cancer was performed.
Chronic sigmoid diverticulitis causing tubo-ovarian abscess and colo-uterine fistula
Authors: Anthony Phelopatir , Edwards Tracey , Andrawis Nagy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Colo-uterine fistulas are rarely reported in the literature, and its presentation in the presence of a tubo-ovarian abscess secondary to chronic sigmoid diverticulitis is currently not reported. As such, its presentation may pose a diagnostic dilemma. Here, we present a 68-year-old woman who was admitted under the colorectal service with a 1 month history of mild left iliac fossa pain, with computed tomography (CT) demonstrating complicated sigmoid diverticulitis. Progress CTs, however, demonstrated a progressively enlarging left iliac fossa mass, with air fluid levels, densely adherent to the sigmoid colon. The decision was eventually made to perform a laparoscopy, which demonstrated a left tubo-ovarian abscess communicating with the uterus and sigmoid colon, illustrating a colo-uterine fistula. Open resection of the sigmoid colon and uterus was performed and the patient recovered uneventfully. This case describes an uncommon complication of chronic sigmoid diverticulitis and the importance of its judicious surgical management.
Role of cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for metastatic gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma?
Authors: Zaidi Syed M H , Ho Kimberly , Sohail Amir H , Whittington Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer- related mortality. Peritoneal carcinomatosis can develop in patients with a primary gastric tumor in a substantial proportion of patients, with estimates ranging from 14% to 43%. For patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer, therapeutic options are limited. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy, combined with hyperthermia (HIPEC), provides regional dose intensification within the peritoneal cavity, effectively targeting peritoneal carcinomatosis with minimal systemic exposure. We report a case of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma with peritoneal metastasis successfully treated with of cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC, and followed by surgery and systemic chemotherapy, highlighting HIPEC as one of the viable options and the importance of a multimodal approach for the treatment of this case.