bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional connectivity and metabolic brain alterations in sleepwalkers
Authors: Mainieri Greta , Rochat Magali Jane , Cantoni Elena , Sighinolfi Giovanni , Mitolo Micaela , Loddo Giuseppe , Mignani Francesco , Mondini Susanna , Lodi Raffaele , Provini Federica , Tonon Caterina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveDisorders of arousal (DoA) are characterized by an intermediate state between wakefulness and deep sleep, leading to incomplete awakenings from NREM sleep. Multimodal studies have shown subtle neurophysiologic alterations even during wakefulness in DoA. The aim of this study was to explore the brain functional connectivity in DoA and the metabolic profile of the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex, given its pivotal role in cognitive and emotional processing.MethodsFifteen consecutive patients with DoA (9 males, mean age 26.3 ± 7.7) and 15 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (8 males, mean age 25.8 ± 3.6) were enrolled. All participants underwent a protocol including sleep and psychological evaluation scales and multimodal brain MRI with resting‐state functional MRI and 1H‐MR spectroscopy.ResultsThe independent component analysis disclosed an altered resting‐state functional connectivity (FC) in the patients' sensory motor network, with a higher connectivity strength in opercular cortex, precuneus, occipital pole, and lingual gyrus. The seed‐based analysis revealed a decreased FC between posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and several cerebral areas. Finally, spectroscopic imaging revealed a reduced content of glutamine in the PCC (p < 0.001).InterpretationThe increased connectivity in the sensory‐motor network of DoA patients could constitute a “facilitatory medium” enhancing motor circuit activation, while the connectivity and metabolic alterations of PCC might represent a trait functional feature, contributing to a dysfunctional arousal process and the difficulty to reach a complete awareness during DoA episodes. In addition, these alterations at rest might be related to daytime impairment reported by patients, requiring new strategies for DoA management.
Investigation of the Relationship Between Perceived Leadership Behaviours of Nurses and Hospital Safety Culture: A Study With the Structural Equation Model
Authors: Ünal Aysun , Yıldırım Nezaket , Öncel Selma 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundWork environments that support patient safety initiatives are important for quality service and patient outcomes. The relationship between the leadership behaviours of nurse managers and safety culture, which has the potential to support these initiatives, constitutes one of the most important knowledge gaps.ObjectivesThe study aimed to determine the relationship between nurses' perceived leadership behaviours and hospital safety culture and the factors affecting them.DesignWe tested the theoretical model using structural equation modelling with the AMOS 21 program.MethodsThe research was conducted with 134 nurses in two public hospitals in the south of Türkiye. Data were collected between October and December 2021 using the Leadership Behaviour Questionnaire and the Patient Safety Culture Hospital Questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis used to evaluate the data of the study. Structural equation modelling analysis and confirmatory factor analysis performed to test the research hypotheses.ResultsThe study found that non‐punitive attitudes towards the mistakes had a full mediating effect on overall perception of safety interaction with employee‐oriented leadership and high‐level hospital interventions (β = −0.510, 95% CI −1.006/−0.076), and change had partly mediating effect on overall perception of safety interaction with change‐oriented leadership (β = −0.510, 95% CI −1.043/−0.053).ConclusionsIt is clear that if nurse managers are to improve the staff's patient safety culture, they should develop change‐oriented leadership skills by identifying adverse events and risks and motivating staff to learn from errors without taking punitive measures. In this context, healthcare organizations should evaluate the leadership qualities of managers. Managers at all levels can make plans to develop leadership behaviours that will play a facilitating role in improving patient safety.
Multifaceted Analysis of Lactobacillus plantarum DMR14 Reveals Promising Antidiabetic Properties Through In Vivo Assays and Molecular Simulations
Authors: Islam Shirmin , Biswas Suvro , Islam Md. Ariful , Biswas Jui , Dutta Amit Kumar , Mohiuddin Golam Gaus , Saleh Md. Abu , Zaman Shahriar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDue to the growing concern about diabetes worldwide, we investigated the antidiabetic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum DMR14, assessing its effects on the diabetic mice and identifying safe, bioactive compounds targeting DPP4 protein for drug development through various methods, including in vivo assays, GC–MS analysis and molecular docking simulations. The animal experiments showed that after 3 weeks of treatment, the blood sugar levels of mice given the bacteria were reduced by 35.03% compared to baseline. The treatment also significantly lowered blood lipids such as triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, but did not affect HDL cholesterol levels. Additionally, we identified three compounds that effectively targeted a protein (DPP4) involved in diabetes (PDB ID: 4A5S). These compounds were predicted to be safe for absorption, processing and elimination by the body, and showed no signs of inducing cancer in computer simulations. Further simulations indicated that these compounds bind stably to the protein over time. Diabetic mice treated with Lactobacillus plantarum DMR14 exhibited improved organ health, reduced glucose levels and better metabolic markers. Computer analysis suggested compounds that could enhance enzyme inhibition, indicating potential antidiabetic properties in this strain. These suggested compounds could be considered potential candidates for developing antidiabetic drugs.
Identification and Validation of a m6A‐Related Long Noncoding RNA Prognostic Model in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jiang Peng , Chu Mingfei , Liang Yu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAccumulating research indicates that N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays a pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC). Hence, investigating the m6A‐related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) significantly improves therapeutic strategies and prognostic assessments. This study aimed to develop and validate a prognostic model based on m6A‐related lncRNAs to improve the prediction of clinical outcomes and identify potential immunological mechanisms in CRC. We obtained high‐throughput CRC data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify a prognostic model based on m6A‐related lncRNAs. Then, the model was constructed and validated through LASSO analysis and Cox regression using R software. The clinical applicability was enhanced by developing a nomogram. We further conducted experiments to reveal the biological function of LINC00543. The prognostic model based on eight m6A‐related lncRNAs exhibited impressive accuracy, achieving an area under the receiver‐operating curve value of 0.753, 0.682 and 0.706 for predictions after 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed the consistency of the model across different pathological characteristics, with a high‐risk group showing a poorer prognosis. Furthermore, the model was linked to immune function, particularly the type I interferon response, through gene set enrichment analysis and experimental validation. Our study presented a m6A‐related lncRNA prognostic model for CRC with potential clinical utility. The model not only provided improved accuracy over traditional staging but also offered insights into the immunological mechanisms of CRC, facilitating personalised medicine approaches.
Evaluating the Impact of a Safe Exercise Training on Clinician Knowledge and Self‐Efficacy in Managing Dysfunctional Exercise in an Eating Disorder Treatment Setting
Authors: Quesnel Danika A. , Cooper Marita , Cook Brian , Calogero Rachel M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionDysfunctional exercise (DEX) is common among individuals with an eating disorder (ED) and poses significant challenges to treatment and recovery. While safe and nutritionally supported physical activity can enhance treatment outcomes without hindering weight restoration, clinicians often hesitate to address DEX with their patients. This mixed‐method study aimed to evaluate the impact of a Safe Exercise at Every Stage (SEES) informed training on clinician knowledge and self‐efficacy in managing DEX during ED treatment.MethodsClinicians from a national ED centre completed measures of knowledge and self‐efficacy about managing DEX before (n = 96) and after (n = 44) a synchronous virtual training. A subset of participants (n = 7) participated in semi‐structured interviews to gather their perceptions of exercise in the context of EDs and feedback on the training.ResultsPaired sample t‐tests revealed a significant increase in both self‐efficacy and knowledge following the SEES training. Thematic analysis identified three key themes: (1) the Current State, (2) the Training Impact and (3) bridging the Gap Through Staff and Community Support. Results are contextualized within the broader ED field, highlighting how training and policy changes can enhance clinician confidence in managing DEX.ConclusionDEX continues to be preceived as a core ED symptom. To improve its managment clinician training and shifts in overarching field ideologies are needed. Providing programme‐wide training is fundamental to equipping clinicians with the skills needed to address DEX and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
The planktonic freshwater ciliate Balanion planctonicum (Ciliophora, Prostomatea): A cryptic species complex or a “complex species”?
Authors: Schalch‐Schuler Martina , Bassin Barbara , Andrei Adrian‐Stefan , Dirren‐Pitsch Gianna , Waller Katherine , Hofer Cyrill , Pernthaler Jakob , Posch Thomas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe globally distributed ciliate Balanion planctonicum is a primary consumer of phytoplankton spring blooms. Due to its small size (~20 μm), identification and quantification by molecular tools is preferable as an alternative to the laborious counting of specimen in quantitative protargol stains. However, previous sequencing of the 18S rDNA V9 region of B. planctonicum from Lake Zurich (Switzerland) and subsequent quantification by fluorescence in situ hybridization yielded significantly lower cell numbers than using morphotype counting. This raised the question of whether B. planctonicum shows a cryptic diversity or whether it is just a ‘complex species’ with intra‐clonal polymorphisms. Over three years, we established numerous monoclonal cultures, and long‐read sequencing of rDNA operons revealed four distinct dominant haplotypes (BpHs 1–4). The gene sequences of BpHs 1 and 3 differed by 6% and did not share intra‐clonal polymorphisms, providing evidence for two distinct clades. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses corroborate the sister relationship between Balanion and Askenasia (plus Hexasterias and Radiosperma). Morphologically, the two Balanion clades are nearly indistinguishable with small differences in macronucleus size and in the cell length to width ratio. CARD‐FISH analyses indicated that the diversity of B. planctonicum is even more extensive with still unidentified clades.
Empathy During Crises: Investigating Attitudes, Tolerance, and Ingroup–Outgroup Dynamics in Response to Refugee Movements
Authors: Demel Ronja , Masch Lena , Schieferdecker David , Schwander Hanna , Hutter Swen , Specht Jule 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveIn times of societal crises, it is pivotal to understand and share others' feelings. Yet, the role of empathy in fostering prosocial responses during societal crises has not gained enough attention. Our study uses the onset of Russia's war on Ukraine to examine three key questions: (1) Is empathy related to attitudes toward pro‐refugee policies? (2) Does empathy correlate with a higher tolerance for diverse opinions on refugee policies? (3) Is empathy linked to perceived interpersonal closeness toward social in‐ and outgroups, including refugees?Methods and ResultsUsing observational data from online surveys conducted with a largely representative quota sample from Germany (N = 1199–1631) during the initial months of the war, we found that empathy was associated with significantly higher support of pro‐refugee policies, driven primarily by empathic concern. Additionally, more empathetic individuals exhibited greater opinion diversity and showed smaller distinctions in perceived interpersonal closeness between in‐ and outgroups.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the critical role of empathy in fostering solidarity and social cohesion during societal crises.
Intraoperative methylene blue staining is effective as a single mapping technique in the identification of sentinel lymph nodes in dogs with low‐grade mast cell tumours
Authors: Zanardi S. , Guerra D. , Sabattini S. , Foglia A. , Del Magno S. , Cola V. , Pisoni L. , Ciammaichella L. , Faroni E. , Agnoli C. , Renzi A. , Marconato L. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesThe aim of this prospective study was to assess the association between methylene blue staining pattern and the presence of histologic nodal metastasis in dogs with low‐grade mast cell tumour in low‐resource settings for the efficient diagnosis of lymphatic spread.MethodsDogs with a single, cytologically low‐grade mast cell tumour and no documented distant metastases were prospectively included and underwent surgery. Along with primary mast cell tumour removal, intraoperative sentinel lymph node mapping with peritumoral mast cell tumour injection and regional lymph node excision, regardless of whether blue dye was visible in the lymph node, were performed. Association between the lymph nodes with dye uptake (stained) and their metastatic status was evaluated.ResultsTwenty‐five dogs were enrolled, and at least one stained lymph node was identified in 22 (88%) of them. A total of 49 lymphocentres were surgically inspected, and a total of 53 lymph nodes were removed. Twenty‐nine (54.7%) lymph nodes were stained, and 24 (45.3%) were unstained. Among the 29 stained lymph nodes, there were seven (24.1%) HN0, seven (24.1%) HN1, seven (24.1%) HN2 and eight (27.7%) HN3. Among the 24 unstained lymph nodes, 17 (70.8%) were HN0 and seven (29.2%) were HN1. No complications related to methylene blue injection were recorded.Clinical SignificancePeritumoral methylene blue injection is a cost‐effective alternative technique for detecting sentinel lymph node for dogs with mast cell tumours, particularly in economically constrained settings. All metastatic lymph nodes (HN2/HN3) were stained, and all unstained lymph nodes were non‐metastatic (HN0/HN1).
The Influence of Substance Use on Sleep Duration Among South Korean Adolescents by Sex: A Secondary Analysis
Authors: Chung Sophia Jihey , Choi Jiwon 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeAlthough insufficient sleep influences cognitive function and physical and mental health in adolescents, many still get less sleep than the recommended duration. Adolescent substance use, including alcohol and tobacco, influences sleep disturbance. However, sex differences in the relationship between substance use and sleep health have not been extensively studied. This study aimed to examine the effect of substance use on sleep duration among South Korean adolescents by sex.Design and MethodsThis secondary data analysis used the 4th Wave of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 and applied a multiple regression analysis. Tobacco use and alcohol consumption were assessed by asking whether the participants had ever smoked or drunk alcohol during the previous year. Sleep duration was calculated based on the participants' reports related to sleep and awake times on weekdays and weekends.ResultsFor male adolescents, substance use, either tobacco use or alcohol consumption, did not significantly affect sleep duration, whereas for female adolescents, alcohol consumption was found to influence sleep duration. Age and subjective health were additional influential factors for adolescents' sleep duration, regardless of sex.Practice ImplicationsInterventions for alcohol consumption should be considered to enhance sleep health in female South Korean adolescents. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of sleep health, particularly the effects of substance use, among male adolescents.
Association of MASLD Phenotypes With Liver Fibrosis in Hepatitis C: The Role of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Authors: Elgretli Wesal , Shengir Mohamed , Sasson Solomon , Ramanakumar Agnihotram V. , Cinque Felice , Ballestreros Luz Esther Ramos , Deschenes Marc , Wong Phil , Chen Tianyan , Kronfli Nadine , Saeed Sahar , Keeshan Alexa , Tandon Saniya , Cooper Curtis , Sebastiani Giada 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSteatotic liver disease is prevalent among people with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The new definition of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) emphasises the metabolic drivers of steatosis and recognises its frequent coexistence with other chronic liver diseases, including HCV. We aimed to evaluate the association of coexisting MASLD and HCV with liver fibrosis. Individuals with HCV who underwent transient elastography (TE) with associated controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) were included from two clinical centres. MASLD and significant liver fibrosis were defined as the presence of steatosis (CAP ≥ 275 dB/m) with at least one cardiometabolic risk factor, and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 7.1 kPa measured by TE, respectively. Associated cofactors of significant liver fibrosis were determined using stepwise regression and cross‐validation by LASSO models to select confounders. Among 590 participants, 31% were diagnosed with MASLD. The prevalence of significant liver fibrosis was the highest among people with MASLD (58%) followed by HCV‐related steatosis (45%) and the non‐steatosis group (39%). After adjusting for potential confounders, MASLD was associated with significant liver fibrosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–4.87). Furthermore, specific MASLD phenotypes including diabetes, hypertension and overweight were associated with significant liver fibrosis, with aORs of 4.76 (95% CI 2.16–10.49), 3.44 (95% CI 1.77–6.68) and 2.54 (95% CI 1.27–5.07), respectively. In conclusion, MASLD is associated with liver fibrosis in people with HCV, specifically the diabetes, overweight and hypertensive phenotypes. Beyond pursuing a virological cure, healthcare providers should prioritise managing metabolic conditions, particularly diabetes, hypertension and obesity.
Whole‐Genome Evaluation of Genetic Rescue: The Case of a Curiously Isolated and Endangered Butterfly
Authors: MacDonald Zachary G. , Dupuis Julian R. , Glasier James R. N. , Sissons Robert , Moehrenschlager Axel , Shaffer H. Bradley , Sperling Felix A. H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGenetic rescue, or the translocation of individuals among populations to augment gene flow, can help ameliorate inbreeding depression and loss of adaptive potential in small and isolated populations. Genetic rescue is currently under consideration for an endangered butterfly in Canada, the Half‐moon Hairstreak (Satyrium semiluna). A small, unique population persists in Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta, isolated from other populations by more than 400 km. However, whether genetic rescue would actually be helpful has not been evaluated. Here, we generate the first chromosome‐level genome assembly and whole‐genome resequence data for the species. We find that the Alberta population maintains extremely low genetic diversity and is genetically very divergent from the nearest populations in British Columbia and Montana. Runs of homozygosity suggest this is due to a long history of inbreeding, and coalescent analyses show that the population has been small and isolated, yet stable, for up to 40k years. When a population like this maintains its viability despite inbreeding and low genetic diversity, it has likely undergone purging of deleterious recessive alleles and could be threatened by the reintroduction of such alleles via genetic rescue. Ecological niche modelling indicates that the Alberta population also exhibits environmental associations that are atypical of the species. Together, these evolutionary and ecological divergences suggest that population crosses may result in outbreeding depression. We therefore infer that genetic rescue has a relatively unique potential to be harmful rather than helpful for this population at present. However, because of its reduced adaptive potential, the Alberta population may still benefit from future genetic rescue as climate and habitat conditions change. Proactive experimental population crosses should therefore be completed to assess reproductive compatibility and progeny fitness.
Health, Well‐Being, Gender, and Dignity in Nursing Care for Older Adults
Authors: Domínguez Wendy Johana Gómez , de Caballero Helena Guerrero , Llanos Lina María García 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis article reflects on the concepts of health, well‐being, gender, and dignity when providing nursing care to older adults, focusing on their wisdom and the phenomena that can affect their health or improve their quality of life. These concepts are analyzed based on the current health conditions of older adults and their needs, on the perspectives of authors in this field of research, and on Patricia Benner's philosophy: the integration of science, clinical wisdom, and ethics in nursing practice. Furthermore, this article aims at contributing to the health, well‐being, gender, and dignity of older adults, despite the discrimination that they may face, as well as to the reality of nursing practice. As such, this study stems from the observed reality, experiences as caregivers and reflection of nurses committed to the values of the profession. Therefore, the article begins with the conceptualization of health, well‐being, gender, and dignity, subsequently analyzing the health–disease status of older adults from a gender perspective, addressing nursing care for older adults based on Patricia Benner's philosophy and concluding with reflections on nursing practice for a better future for older adults.