bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retromer stabilization using a pharmacological chaperone protects in an α-synuclein based mouse model of Parkinson’s
Authors: Eleuteri Simona , Fang Tracy Shi Zhang , Cutillo Gianni , Persico Michele , Simon David K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background In the present study we assessed the protective effects of a pharmacological approach to stabilize the retromer complex in a PD mouse model. Missense mutations in the VPS35 gene are a rare cause of familial PD. The VPS35 protein is a subunit of the retromer cargo recognition complex and has a variety of functions within neurons, many of which are potentially relevant for the pathophysiology of PD. Prior studies have revealed a role for the retromer complex in controlling accumulation and clearance of α-synuclein aggregates. We previously identified an aminoguanidine hydrazone, 1,3 phenyl bis guanylhydrazone (compound 2a), as a pharmacological stabilizer of the retromer complex that increases retromer subunit protein levels and function.
Methods Here, we validate the efficacy of 2a in protecting against αSynuclein pathology and dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in a PD mouse model generated by unilateral injection of AAV-A53T-αSynuclein in the substantia nigra.
Results Daily intraperitoneal administration of 2a at 10 mg/Kg for 100 days led to robust protection against behavioral deficits, dopaminergic neuronal loss and loss of striatal dopaminergic fibers and striatal monoamines. Treatment with 2a activated αSynuclein degradation pathways in the SN and led to significant reductions in aggregates and pathological αSynuclein.
Conclusion These data suggest retromer stabilization as a promising therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease leading to neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons and rescue in the accumulation of pathological and aggregates αSynuclein. We identified 2a compound as potential clinical drug candidate for future testing in Parkinson’s disease patients.
Prevention Messaging Concerning Safe Storage of Firearms in Media Reports of Pediatric Unintentional Firearm Deaths.
Authors: Hammig Bart , Bordelon Abigail , Chandler Corinne 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: To examine the use of prevention messaging on the safe storage of firearms among media outlets when reporting on unintentional firearm deaths among children aged 0-11.
Methods: The Gun Violence Archive collects information from media sources regarding firearm injuries and deaths. We analyzed data from 2021-2022 to analyze prevention messaging incorporated into the media reports. We then examined if media reporting of events that occurred in States with CAP laws had a higher likelihood of including prevention messaging compared to those events occurring in States without CAP laws.
Results: There were 223 deaths reported that were attributed to unintentional firearm discharge among children aged 0-11. Prevention messages were delivered in 61 of the 223 incidents. Specific messages which included the word “lock” when referring to firearm storage were included in 21.9% of all incidents. An analysis examining State CAP laws and the presence of any prevention message per event did not yield any discernable relationship.
Conclusion: Inclusion of prevention messaging stating that firearms should be stored locked and unloaded when reporting on unintentional firearm deaths among children is lacking. When specific prevention messaging was included, the source was often law enforcement. Public health officials may play an important role in educating the journalistic and law enforcement communities about the inclusion of safe storage messages when reporting on firearm deaths.
Elucidating the Link Between Hypovitaminosis D and Sarcopenia: New Insights into Mechanisms and Threshold from the Evidence of NHANES 2011-2018
Authors: He Yuwei , Li Yuguang , Liu Yining , Zhao Yixin , Li Fangqi , Chen Xinqiao , Song Jia , Ji Wei , Liu XiangLiang , Cui JiuWei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
Sarcopenia is most common in older adults and is defined as a decrease in skeletal muscle muscle mass, which can cause impaired mobility and increased risk of physical disability. The role of Vitamin D is well known for its classical effects on bone health, and growing evidence also suggests its beneficial effects on muscle function and metabolism. Our study aimed to explore the association between vitamin D and sarcopenia/low muscle mass by using statistic approaches.
Methods:
In this study, 7217 participants aged 18–60 years in the nationally National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)2011–2018 were included finally. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the the potential and deeper connection of vitamin D and sarcopenia/low muscle mass. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) was used to explore their potential dose-response relationships and interactions. Mediation analysis was used to explore their potential mediated effects of neutrophils and calcium and phosphate product between vitamin D and sarcopenia/low muscle mass.
Results:
With increasing vitamin D, both the risk of sarcopenia and low muscle mass decreased significantly. The RCS showed the similar results. Mediation analysis suggested that neutrophils can be affected by mediations from vitamin D to sarcopenia/low muscle mass. Additionally, vitamin D may lead to low muscle mass by stimulating mechanisms calcium and phosphate product.
Conclusions:
Decreased serum vitamin D may be strongly associated with occurrence of sarcopenia/low muscle mass. This study provided important evidence for elucidating the relationships between vitamin D and skeletal muscle mass.
Biological features of the rarest narrow-range plant species Potentilla porphyrantha Juz. (Rosaceae)
Authors: Fayvush George , Ghukasyan Anahit , Janjughazyan Karine , Aleksanyan Alla , Khachatryan Lilit , Hovhannisyan Hripsime , Hovakimyan Zhanna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Potentilla porphyranthaJuz. (Rosaceae)is a very rare stenotopic species, which area of distribution includes small subpopulations in Armenia, Nakhichevan and North Iran. It was assessed and listed in the Red Data Book of Armenia in the category Critically Endangered Species. The main threats for this species could be anthropogenic factors (mainly mining industry) and forecasted climate change. The purpose of this work was to identify the adaptive potential of the studied species and the possibility of its conservation in ex situ conditions as well reintroduction into nature, and to assess the threat to natural populations from predicted climate change. It was shown that in Armenia there is only one species from the sectionPersicaewith pink flowers. In the first time karyology and palynology of this species were investigated, number of chromosomes and karyotype were find, as well in the first time pollen morphology was described and their fertility was estimated. Eco-physiological investigations allowed to estimate potential of species adaptation to new environmental conditions. Special attention was paid to possible adaptation of this species to forecasted climate change. All these investigations allowed us to elaborate methods for conservation, reproduction and reintroduction ofPotentilla porphyranthaback to the nature.
Late myocardial infarction due to coronary embolism after mechanical aortic valve replacement: A case report
Authors: Kus Mukan Kagan , Karaagac Anil , Bozkurt Burak , Ceylan Ufuk Sadik , Kaplan Mehmet 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Prosthetic valve thrombosis in aortic valve and its complication coronary embolism is a very rare condition. Diagnosis and treatment process is challenging. We present a young patient with acute myocardial infarction who underwent mechanical aortic valve replacement operation one month earlier. Primary coronary intervention was performed and it was succesful. Transeasophageal ecocardiography was performed. Thrombus was seen on the mechanical aortic valve and thrombolytic therapy was initiated. Control TEE was performed and there was no signs of thrombi. The patient was discharged.
Research on quarterly carbon emission prediction in China based Caputo fractional derivative grey Riccati model and Least squares support vector regression
Authors: Sun Yue , Zhang Yonghong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Accurately predicting carbon emissions is a crucial scientific foundation for the monitoring and evaluation of a country's progress in achieving its intended carbon reduction goals. Given the constraints of a small sample size, the nonlinearity, and the complexity inherent in quarterly data on carbon emissions at the industrial level, this paper introduces the Caputo fractional derivative into the grey Riccati model, establishing a Caputo fractional derivative grey Riccati model with memory characteristics. The numerical solution of the model is acquired through the fractional Adams-Bashforth-Moulton predictor-corrector algorithm, with the model's parameters optimized using the grey Wolf optimization algorithm. Subsequently, the Caputo fractional derivative grey Riccati model is integrated with the EEMD decomposition algorithm and the least square support vector regression to construct a decomposition-integration model for carbon emission decomposition. Finally, the proposed decomposition-integration model is validated using quarterly carbon emission data from six industries in China as an illustrative example. The results convincingly demonstrate that the proposed decomposition-integration prediction model effectively analyzes the developmental trajectory of industrial carbon emissions in China. Moreover, it exhibits superior stability and accuracy in both fitting and forecasting when compared to other integrated and single models.
Exploring the Therapeutic Mechanisms and Prognostic Targets of Biochanin A in Glioblastoma via Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Ge Wanwen , Yuan Guoqiang , Wang Dongping , Dong Li 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant type of brain tumor, characterized by a poor prognosis and high recurrence and mortality rates. Biochanin A (BCA) has demonstrated promising clinical antitumor effects. This study aimed to explore the pharmacological mechanisms by which BCA acts against GBM.
Methods
Network pharmacology was employed to identify overlapping target genes between BCA and GBM. Differentially expressed genes were extracted from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 database and visualized using VolcaNose. The STRING database was used to analyze interactions among these overlapping genes. Protein–protein interaction networks were constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.1 software. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and Gene Ontology enrichment analyses were conducted using DAVID. Survival analyses for these genes were performed using the GEPIA2 database. The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database was employed to analyze correlations between key prognostic genes. Molecular docking was verified using the DockThor database and visualized with PyMol software.
Results
A total of 63 target genes were initially identified as potential targets for BCA in the treatment of GBM. Enrichment analysis results suggested that the pharmacological mechanisms of BCA primarily involved inhibition of the cell cycle, induction of cell apoptosis, and regulation of immunity. Based on these findings, AKT1, EGFR, CASP3, and MMP9 were preliminarily predicted as key prognostic target genes for BCA in treating GBM.
Conclusion
In this study, target prediction based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics analyses offered a novel research approach for the multi-target treatment of GBM using BCA.
Impact of CRRT on the outcome of critically ill Covid-19 infected patients with acute kidney injury. A retrospective observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Henein Akram , Abdelhamid Sherif , Badawy Mohamad , Ahmed Sana , Quadros Rajesh. R , Yousef Nada , Ibrahim Alaa , alayashi Mazen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have postulated that Acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients is significantly associated with an increased mortality (1,2). Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is the preferred modality of dialytic therapy in hemodynamically unstable COVID-19 patients who develop an acute renal failure. It is evident there is diversity in the number of patients who recover or survive after use of CRRT in these cases (3). Clearly, the decision to initiate CRRT in patients with COVID-19 acute kidney injury (AKI) should be individualized. Some earlier studies have reported that CRRT was associated with improved outcomes, including reduced intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital mortality, shorter duration of mechanical ventilation, and shorter ICU stays (8). On the other hand, others have claimed that CRRT improves renal function, but does not have impact on overall mortality (4).
Objectives: Our aim was to study the association between the development of an AKI in COVID-19 patients and ICU stay as a primary endpoint and to study the influence of CRRT on the recovery of the renal function as secondary endpoints.
Study Population Our study population had included all adult patients who were above 18 years old and were admitted to our ICU on the background of a laboratory confirmed COVID-19 infection who had developed an AKI during the ICU course according to AKIN criteria. Our included population should have had no previous history of chronic kidney disease or renal replacement therapy.
Methods: Our study is a retrospective cross-sectional study, that was conducted during the period from June 2021 till the end of June 2022.All methods were run according to rules and regulations ethical, administrative, and scientific. Ethical and administrative approvals were taken from the assigned authority Research Ethical Committee Emirates Health Services (REC). Ethical committee approval is joined already.
Informed consent from the legal guardians for all patients was taken already.
All methods were performed in accordance in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
Statistical analysis: All data have been collected and analyzed by the investigators using Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22.
Results: A total of 108 COVID-19 patients with AKI were admitted to our ICU during the study period. We have identified a significantly increased ICU stay in CRRT group (Median 16 days) as compared to non-CRRT group (Median 4.4 days), P value was 0.00.
Discussion: We have identified a significantly increased ICU stay in CRRT group (Median 16 days) if compared to non-CRRT group (Median 4.4 days), P value 0.00.
Conclusion: We’ve concluded that the CRRT in Covid-19 patients with AKI is associated with increased ICU stay, even if the kidney function is improved
Investigation of the nozzle arrangement effect on the performance of internal spray cooling turning tool
Authors: Shu ShengRong , Li Xuewei , Hu Zuchao , Huang Quanfeng , Shen Zhilin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The nozzle arrangement of internal spray cooling tool plays a crucial role in the efficiency of coolant flow into the cutting zone and has a significant impact on the cutting performance. This article designs three types of internal spray cooling turning tools based on the different arrangements of the upper nozzle on the tool rake face. Tool A has an upper nozzle near the main cutting edge, tool B is equipped with an upper nozzle near the minor cutting edge, and tool C possesses two upper nozzles near the main and minor cutting edges respectively. The nozzle arrangement effect on the cooling performance of the internal spray cooling turning tool during the internal turning process was studied by the fluid-solid-thermal coupling simulation method. The simulation results showed that tool B with an upper nozzle arranged near the minor cutting edge had the best cooling performance because it is easy for air and coolant droplets to enter the tool-chip contact zone. On the contrary, tool C equipped with two upper nozzles near the main and minor cutting edges results in the worst cooling performance for the air and coolant droplets are difficult to flow into the tool-chip contact area. Internal turning experiments of QT500-7 workpieces were carried out. Results demonstrated that tool B performed best in reducing cutting temperature and improving machined surface quality. In addition, the number of small chips generated by all internal spray cooling turning tools increased at an inlet pressure of 0.6MPa, especially for tool B.
Neuroprotective Effects of Tranexamic acid against hydrogen peroxide-induced Cytotoxicity on Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells
Authors: Niapour Ali , Mohebi Yavar , Ghalehnoei Hossein 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Tranexamic acid (TA) is an anticoagulant drug that used worldwide. However, the adverse effects of TA may insult the nervous system. This study aimed to investigate detrimental and neuroprotective effects of TA on SH-SY5Y cells. In this study, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with various concentrations of TA and H2O2 for 24 hours. Neuroprotective effects of the TA were assessed on H2O2-challenged cells. SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with TA for 12 hours and then exposed to H2O2 for 24 hours. Cell proliferation and cellular apoptosis was measured using the MTT Assay and Flow cytometry respectively. The results showed that TA at high concentrations diminished the cell viability and induced apoptosis via up-regulation of BAX and Caspase-3 genes expression and down-regulation of BCL-2 transcript. Also, phosphorylation of Akt was reduced after TA treatment. TA showed protective effects against H2O2-induced cell stress by down-regulating the expression of BAX and Caspase-3 genes, up-regulating the expression of BCL-2 and augmenting the p-AKT/AKT ratio. Our findings demonstrated that TA could exert its neuroprotective effects at lower concentration while at higher concentration induces apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.
Comparison of different machine learning models based on ultrasound-based radiomics to predict central lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Peng , Liang Lulu , Wei Xian , Luo Yongbiao , Liang Quankun , Bao Yulin , Xiang Bangde 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Accurate methods to predict central lymph node metastases preoperatively are needed to improve the management of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. The objective of this study was to apply machine learning models based on ultrasound radiomic data to predict central lymph node metastases and to identify the best differential diagnosis model.
Methods: Clinicopathological information was retrospectively collected. All patients underwent preoperative thyroid ultrasound and postoperative lymph node pathology analysis. The regions of interest were manually drawn using a three-dimensional slicer and features specific to each area of injury were extracted. Five machine learning models were established to identify the appearance of central lymph node metastases, including logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, decision tree, and adaptive boost.
Results: Patients (n=229) were randomly divided into training (n=161) and validation (n=68) cohorts at a ratio of 7:3. Sixty-four patients exhibited central lymph node metastases. Logistic regression was the preferred algorithm to predict the occurrence of central lymph node metastases. The area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, precision, recall, accuracy, and F1-score were 0.722, 0.761, 0.682, 0.833, 0.761, 0.735, and 0.795, respectively.
Conclusions: Novel ultrasound radiomic machine learning models accurately predicted the occurrence of central lymph node metastases in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. The radiomic-based logistic regression model was the most effective and reliable preoperative method for the differential diagnosis of central lymph node metastases.
Biochar fertilization regulates 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, grain yield and quality in fragrant rice cropping system in southern China
Authors: Zhang Xue-chan , Qiu Xin-feng , Yao Xiang-bin , Wei Jian-jiao , Tong Shao-jie , Mo Zhao-wen , Qi Jian-ying , Duan Mei-yang , Tang Xiang-ru 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The existing model of chemical fertilizer application faces challenges in improving grain yield and quality. Fragrant rice is known for its distinctive aroma and flavor, but it generally produces less grain compared to non-fragrant rice varieties. Limited research has been conducted on the potential of biochar fertilization as a solution for increasing grain yield in fragrant rice. In a two-year field trial conducted in 2022 and 2023, two fragrant rice cultivars, Meixiangzhan2 (MXZ2) and Xiangyaxiangzhan (XYXZ), were selected as experimental materials. These rice cultivars were exposed to four different rates of biochar fertilizer application: no application of fertilizer (T1); application of biochar fertilizer at a rate of 0.375 t ha− 1 (T2); application of biochar fertilizer at a rate of 0.75 t ha− 1 (T3); application of biochar fertilizer at a rate of 1.5 t ha− 1 (T4). The results showed that the grain yield of both cultivars increased to some extent in both 2022 and 2023 (8.57%−33.77% increase for MXZ2; 6.00%−21.59% increase for XYXZ). Furthermore, under the T2, T3, and T4 treatments, there was an increase in the number of effective panicle, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight, biomass accumulation, net photosynthetic rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration. However, the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance decreased. The content of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) increased with the increase in biochar fertilizer application, and the highest content was observed under the T4 treatment (153.54 − 178.32 µg kg− 1 in 2022; 163.93 − 180.28 µg kg− 1 in 2023). The activities of proline dehydrogenase (PDH) and 1-pyrrolin-5-carboxylic acid synthase (P5CS), as well as the contents of proline (PRO), 1-pyrrolin-5-carboxylic acid (P5C), ∆1-pyrroline, and methylglyoxal, also improved under the T2, T3, and T4 treatments compared to the T1 treatment. Moreover, the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, and head rice rate increased, while the chalkiness degree and chalk rice degree decreased under the T2, T3, and T4 treatments. Correlation analysis showed that grain yield was positively correlated with total biomass accumulation, the number of grains per panicle, and seed setting rate. Additionally, the content of 2-AP showed a positive correlation with PRO, P5C, ∆1-pyrroline, methylglyoxal, as well as the activities of PDH and P5CS. In conclusion, applying biochar at a rate of 1.5 t ha-1 can be more effective in increasing grain yield and 2-AP content in fragrant rice.