bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyphosphate-loaded silk fibroin membrane as hemostatic agent in oral surgery: a pilot study
Authors: Popal Zohal , Nickel Katrin F. , Wöltje Michael , Aibibu Dilbar , Knipfer Christian , Smeets Ralf , Renné Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Post-interventional hemorrhage can result in serious complications, especially in patients with hemostatic disorders. Identification of safe and efficient local hemostatic agents is important, particularly in the context of an ageing society and the emergence of new oral anticoagulants. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the potential of silk fibroin membranes coated with the inorganic polymer polyphosphate (polyP) as a novel hemostatic device in oral surgery.

Methods
Cocoons of the silkworm Bombyx mori were degummed and dissolved. Varying amounts of long-chain polyP (2–2000 µg/mm2) were adsorbed to the surface of silk fibroin membranes. Analysis of the procoagulant effect of polyP-coated silk membranes was performed using real-time thrombin generation assays in human plasma. Increasing concentrations of polyP (0.15–500 µg/ml) served as a positive control, while uncoated silk fibroin membranes were used as negative control.

Results
PolyP-coated silk fibroin membranes triggered coagulation when compared to plasma samples and pure silk fibroin membranes. A polyP-dose-dependent effect of thrombin generation could be found with a maximum (ETP = 1525.7 nM⋅min, peak thrombin = 310.1 nM, time to peak = 9.8 min, lag time = 7.6 min.) at 200 µg/mm2 of polymer loading on the silk fibroin membrane surface.

Conclusions
In this study, it was demonstrated that silk fibroin membranes coated with polyP have the potential to act as a promising novel hemostatic device.

Graphical Abstract
Cognitive distortions and perfectionism during bipolar and unipolar depressive episode
Authors: Aral Ayşe Ergüner , Sarisoy Gökhan , Aral Armagan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of the current study was to compare bipolar depression (BD) and unipolar depression (UD) patients and healthy controls in terms of their cognitive distortions and perfectionist traits during acute depressive episodes.

Results
The current dissertation study is a cross-sectional study consisting of 80 patients with unipolar depression, 80 patients with bipolar depression, and 80 healthy controls. Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form, Cognitive Distortion Scale (CDS), Frost’s Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were used as measurement tools. Healthy controls were selected on the basis that they had the same gender and age distribution as the other participants. It was found that patients with unipolar and bipolar depression had statistically equal but higher total CDS interpersonal and personal achievement scores than healthy controls, and all subtypes of the CDS labeling score were higher in the unipolar depression group than in the other groups. It was found that both depression groups had higher FMPS self-oriented and social-oriented perfectionism scores than healthy controls, lower others-oriented perfectionism scores than healthy controls, and there were no statistically significant differences between them in terms of perfectionism subtypes.

Conclusions
In the light of the research data, it was found that the patients with bipolar/unipolar depression had more cognitive distortion than healthy controls and cognitive distortion was not significantly different in the two groups. According to the research data, it is observed that perfectionism is higher in unipolar depression than in bipolar depression. The data obtained have the potential to provide a theoretical basis for a psychotherapeutic approach.
Erectile dysfunction: role of computed tomography cavernosography in the diagnosis and treatment planning of venous leak
Authors: Hoppe Hanno , Hirschle Dominique , Schumacher Martin Christian , Schönhofen Heinz , Glenck Michael , Kalka Christoph , Willenberg Torsten , Sixt Sebastian , Müller Dominik , Gutzeit Andreas , Christe Andreas , Mohan Vignes , Diehm Nicolas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Venous leak appears to be the most common cause of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED), which can be treated with venous embolization. Traditionally, conventional cavernosography was used for the diagnosis and treatment planning of venous leak. Recently, computed tomography (CT) cavernosography was introduced as a novel cross-sectional imaging method proposed to be advantageous over conventional cavernosography. We created a novel management algorithm for diagnosing venous leak including CT cavernosography as an imaging modality. In order to provide a broader basis for our management algorithm, a systematic literature review was conducted.

Main body
In this article we systematically review relevant literature on using CT cavernosography for the diagnosis and treatment planning in ED patients with venous leak following the PRISMA selection process. Nine full-text articles were included in the review and assigned a level of evidence grade (all grade II). Two studies (2/9) compared the results of conventional cavernosography with those of CT cavernosography which was superior for site-specific venous leak identification (19.4% vs. 100%, respectively). CT cavernosography is a more detailed imaging method that is faster to perform, exposes the patient to less radiation, and requires less contrast material. In one study (1/9), CT cavernosography was used for diagnostic purposes only. Eight studies (8/9) cover both, diagnostic imaging and treatment planning including embolization (1/9) and sclerotherapy (2/9) of venous leak in patients with venogenic ED. Three studies (3/9) describe anatomical venous leak classifications that were established based on CT cavernosography findings for accurate mapping of superficial and/or deep venous leak and identification of mixed or more complex forms of venous leak present in up to 84% of patients. In addition to treatment planning, one study (1/9) used CT cavernosography also for follow-up imaging post treatment.

Conclusion
CT cavernosography is superior to conventional cavernosography for diagnosis and treatment planning in patients with ED caused by venous leak (grade II levels of evidence). Consequently, CT cavernosography should be included in management algorithms for ED patients with suspected venous leak.
B-lymphocyte-activating factor is a potential biomarker associated with susceptibility to Graves’ disease in Iraqi women
Authors: Ibrahim Hiba Y. , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Ad’hiah Ali H. , Al-shammaa Mohamed S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
B-lymphocyte-activating factor (BAFF) is a cytokine involved in regulating the development and maturation of B lymphocyte and has been shown to be up-regulated in patients with Graves’ disease (GD). However, the association of TNFSF13B variants (the gene that encodes BAFF) with the risk of GD has not been well explored. In this case–control study, the aim was to evaluate the role of BAFF, in terms of serum level and polymorphism, in the etio-pathogenesis of GD. Therefore, serum BAFF concentrations were analyzed in Iraqi women with GD and age-matched control women (n = 90 and 93, respectively) using an ELISA kit. In addition, two promoter variants of the TNFSF13B gene, rs9514827 (T > C) and rs9514828 (C > T), were genotyped using a PCR–RFLP-based assay.

Results
Median BAFF concentrations (interquartile range) were significantly elevated in GD patients compared to controls (1525 [1327–1840] vs. 689 [585–807] pg/mL; probability [p] < 0.001). Elevated BAFF concentrations were a reliable predictor of GD as indicated by the area under the curve of 0.971. BAFF was positively correlated with triiodothyronine (correlation coefficient [rs] = 0.216; p = 0.041) and thyroxine (rs = 0.269; p = 0.01) in GD patients. Mutant alleles, rs9514827 C (odds ratio [OR] = 2.00; p = 0.008; corrected p [pc] = 0.048) and rs9514828 T (OR = 2.15; p = 0.002; pc = 0.012), as well as genotypes, rs9514827 CC (OR = 4.29; p = 0.032; pc = 0.192) and rs9514828 TT (OR = 4.57; p = 0.003; pc = 0.018), were associated with a greater risk of GD. Besides, the C-T haplotype (rs9514827-rs9514828) was also linked to an elevated risk of GD among Iraqi women (OR = 2.71; p = 0.006; pc = 0.024).

Conclusions
BAFF showed up-regulated levels in the serum of women with GD. In light of this, BAFF has been proposed as a reliable prognostic biomarker for GD. Regarding its relationship to thyroid hormones, BAFF showed a positive correlation with triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Both variants (rs9514827 and rs9514828) of the TNFSF13B gene showed an association with susceptibility to GD, and rs9514828 may have up-regulatory effects on BAFF levels.
Sustainability determinants of an intervention to identify clinical deterioration and improve childhood cancer survival in Latin American hospitals: the INSPIRE study protocol
Authors: McKay Virginia , Carothers Bobbi , Graetz Dylan , Malone Sara , Puerto-Torres Maria , Prewitt Kim , Cardenas Adolfo , Chen Yichen , Devidas Meenakshi , Luke Douglas A. , Agulnik Asya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
More than 90% of children with cancer live in low-resourced settings, where survival is only 20%. Sustainable evidence-based (EB) interventions yielding ongoing beneficial patient outcomes are critical to improve childhood cancer survival. A better understanding of factors promoting intervention sustainability in these settings is urgently needed. The aim of this study is to provide an empirical understanding of how clinical capacity for sustainability, or the resources needed to sustain an intervention, impacts the sustainment of Pediatric Early Warning System (PEWS), an EB intervention that improves pediatric oncology outcomes in low-resource hospitals by detecting clinical deterioration and preventing the need for more intense treatment.

Methods
We will conduct a prospective, longitudinal study of approximately 100 resource-variable hospitals implementing and sustaining PEWS participating in Proyecto EVAT, a quality improvement collaborative of Latin American pediatric oncology centers. Aim 1: We will evaluate how clinical capacity for sustainability changes over time through 5 to 9 prospective measurements of capacity via survey of clinical staff using PEWS (approximately n = 13 per center) during the phases of PEWS adoption, implementation, and sustainability using the Clinical Sustainability Assessment Tool (CSAT). Aim 2: We will determine the relationship between capacity and a) PEWS sustainment and b) clinical deterioration mortality among pediatric oncology patients at centers sustaining PEWS for 2 to 10 years using chart review and an existing patient outcomes registry. Aim 3: We will develop novel strategies to promote sustainability by gaining a deeper understanding of perceived challenges to building capacity and PEWS sustainment. In combination with quantitative outcomes, we will conduct 24 focus groups with staff (doctors, nurses, and administrators) from hospitals with both high (n = 4) and low capacity (n = 4). We will then use implementation mapping to generate theoretically driven, empirically-supported sustainability strategies.

Discussion
This study will advance implementation science by providing a theoretically driven, foundational understanding of factors that predict sustainability among a large, diverse cohort of hospitals. We will then use this knowledge to develop sustainability evidence-informed strategies that optimize capacity and promote long-term sustainment of PEWS and improvements in patient outcomes, thus promoting equity in childhood cancer care globally.
A systematic meta-review of systematic reviews on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Chaulagain Ashmita , Lyhmann Ingvild , Halmøy Anne , Widding-Havneraas Tarjei , Nyttingnes Olav , Bjelland Ingvar , Mykletun Arnstein 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
There are now hundreds of systematic reviews on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) of variable quality. To help navigate this literature, we have reviewed systematic reviews on any topic on ADHD.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science and performed quality assessment according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. A total of 231 systematic reviews and meta-analyses met the eligibility criteria.

Results
The prevalence of ADHD was 7.2% for children and adolescents and 2.5% for adults, though with major uncertainty due to methodological variation in the existing literature. There is evidence for both biological and social risk factors for ADHD, but this evidence is mostly correlational rather than causal due to confounding and reverse causality. There is strong evidence for the efficacy of pharmacological treatment on symptom reduction in the short-term, particularly for stimulants. However, there is limited evidence for the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in mitigating adverse life trajectories such as educational attainment, employment, substance abuse, injuries, suicides, crime, and comorbid mental and somatic conditions. Pharmacotherapy is linked with side effects like disturbed sleep, reduced appetite, and increased blood pressure, but less is known about potential adverse effects after long-term use. Evidence of the efficacy of nonpharmacological treatments is mixed.

Conclusions
Despite hundreds of systematic reviews on ADHD, key questions are still unanswered. Evidence gaps remain as to a more accurate prevalence of ADHD, whether documented risk factors are causal, the efficacy of nonpharmacological treatments on any outcomes, and pharmacotherapy in mitigating the adverse outcomes associated with ADHD.
Constraint relations for superfluid weight and pairings in a chiral flat band superconductor
Authors: Thumin M. , Bouzerar G. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Within ten years, flat band (FB) superconductivity has gained a huge interest for its remarkable features and connection to quantum geometry. We investigate the superconductivity in a FB system whose orbitals are inequivalent and in which the gap and the quantum metric are tunable. The key feature of the present theoretical study is to show a unique and simple constraint relation that pairings obey. Furthermore, pairings and superfluid weight in partially filled FB are shown to be controlled by those of the half-filled lattice. We argue that the geometry of the lattice or the complexity of the hopping terms have no impact on the features revealed in this work as far as the system is bipartite.
Serum Phosphorus as a Driver of Skeletal Morbidity in Fibrous Dysplasia
Authors: Gun Zubeyir Hasan , Osamor Charles , Taylor Jocelyn , Li Xiaobai , Szymczuk Vivian , Boyce Alison M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Context
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) results in fractures, pain, and deformities. Abnormal osteoprogenitor cells overproduce FGF23, leading to hyperphosphaturia in most patients and frank hypophosphatemia in a subset. Studies suggest hypophosphatemia is associated with increased FD-related morbidity. However, the relationship between phosphorus and skeletal complications has not been investigated, and the optimal therapeutic target has not been determined.

Objective
Characterize the impact of serum phosphorus on FD-related morbidity and identify levels associated with increased skeletal complications.

Methods
Natural history study with 240 subjects at a clinical research center who had ≥1 fasting phosphorus level, determined as age- and sex-adjusted Z-scores. Subjects were categorized based on frank hypophosphatemia (Z-score ≤ −2; n = 48); low-normophosphatemia (&gt; −2 to ≤ −1; n = 66); and high-normophosphatemia (&gt; −1 to ≤ 2; n = 125). Main outcomes were fractures, orthopedic surgeries, and scoliosis.

Results
Subjects with frank and low-normophosphatemia had increased fracture and surgery rates vs high-normophosphatemia. The prevalence of moderate to severe scoliosis was similarly higher in the frank and low-normophosphatemia groups. In a subanalysis of patients matched for Skeletal Burden Score ≥35, fracture and surgery rates remained higher in the frank hypophosphatemia group, suggesting association between phosphorus and skeletal complications is not explained by differences in FD burden alone.

Conclusion
Both frank hypophosphatemia and low-normophosphatemia are associated with increased FD-related complications. This supports FGF23-mediated hypophosphatemia as a driver of skeletal morbidity, which may impact a larger proportion of the FD/McCune-Albright syndrome population than previously recognized. These findings enable clinicians to identify at-risk patients and will inform development of prospective studies to determine optimal therapeutic targets.
The Multibiomarker Acro-TIME Score Predicts fg-SRLs Response: Preliminary Results of a Retrospective Acromegaly Cohort
Authors: Chiloiro Sabrina , Moroni Rossana , Giampietro Antonella , Angelini Flavia , Gessi Marco , Lauretti Liverana , Mattogno Pier Paolo , Calandrelli Rosalinda , Tartaglione Tommaso , Carlino Angela , Gaudino Simona , Olivi Alessandro , Rindi Guido , De Marinis Laura , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Doglietto Francesco , Bianchi Antonio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Context
The prompt control of acromegaly is a primary treatment aim for reducing related disease morbidity and mortality. First-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (fg-SRLs) are the cornerstone of medical therapies. A non-negligible number of patients do not respond to this treatment. Several predictors of fg-SRL response were identified, but a comprehensive prognostic model is lacking.

Objective
We aimed to design a prognostic model based on clinical and biochemical parameters, and pathological features, including data on immune tumor microenvironment.

Methods
A retrospective, monocenter, cohort study was performed on 67 medically naïve patients with acromegaly. Fifteen clinical, pathological, and radiological features were collected and analyzed as independent risk factors of fg-SRLs response, using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. A stepwise selection method was applied to identify the final regression model. A nomogram was then obtained.

Results
Thirty-seven patients were fg-SRLs responders. An increased risk to poor response to fg-SRLs were observed in somatotropinomas with absent/cytoplasmatic SSTR2 expression (OR 5.493 95% CI 1.19-25.16, P = .028), with low CD68+/CD8+ ratio (OR 1.162, 95% CI 1.01-1.33, P = .032). Radical surgical resection was associated with a low risk of poor fg-SRLs response (OR 0.106, 95% CI 0.025-0.447 P = .002). The nomogram obtained from the stepwise regression model was based on the CD68+/CD8+ ratio, SSTR2 score, and the persistence of postsurgery residual tumor and was able to predict the response to fg-SRLs with good accuracy (area under the curve 0.85).

Conclusion
Although our predictive model should be validated in prospective studies, our data suggest that this nomogram may represent an easy to use tool for predicting the fg-SRL outcome early.
Visualization of the chemical defense molecule formoside binding to sensory structures in a model fish predator
Authors: Mascuch Samantha J. , Khatri Chhetri Bhuwan , Mojib Nazia , Kubanek Julia 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Sensory perception of chemical threats coming from an organism's environment relies on the coordination of numerous receptors and cell types. In many cases, the physiological processes responsible for driving behavioral responses to chemical cues are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the physiological response of fish to an unpalatable compound, formoside, which is employed as a chemical defense by marine sponges. Construction of fluorescent probe derivatives of formoside allowed visualization of this chemical defense molecule in vivo, interacting with the cells and tissues of the early larvae of a model predator, the zebrafish (Danio rerio). This revealed the precise chemosensory structures targeted by formoside to be in the taste buds and olfactory epithelium of developing zebrafish. Mechanosensory neuromasts were also targeted. This study supports the involvement of a previously identified co-receptor in detection of the chemical defense and provides a springboard for the long-term goal of identification of the cellular receptor of formoside. Extension of this approach to other predators and chemical defenses may provide insight into common mechanisms of chemoreception by predators as well as common strategies of chemical defense employed by prey.
DUAL MOBILITY ARTICULATION CONFERS LOWER DISLOCATION AND REVISION RATES: A STUDY USING REVIEW OF REVIEWS METHODOLOGY
Authors: Mehta Sonu , Goel Amit , Mahajan Uday , Reddy Rajyalakshmi , Bhaskar Deepu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionDislocation post THA confers a higher risk of re-dislocation (Kotwal et al, 2009). The dual mobility (DM) cup design (1974) was aimed at improving the stability by increasing the femoral head to neck ratio (Cuthbert et al., 2019) combining the ideas of low friction arthroplasty with increased jump distance associated with a big head arthroplasty.AimsUnderstand the dislocation rates, rates of aseptic loosening, infection rate and revision rates between the 2 types of constructs to provide current and up-to date evidence.MethodsMedline, pubmed, embase and Cochrane databases were used based on PRISMA guidelines. RevMan software was used for the meta-analysis. Studies (English literature) which used DM construct with atleast 6 months follow-up used as intervention and non DM construct as control were included. 2 independent reviewers conducted the review with a third reviewer in case of difference in opinion regarding eligibility. Primary outcome was dislocation rate and secondary outcome was rate of revision.Results564 articles identified out of which 44 articles were screened for full texts and eventually 4 systematic review articles found eligible for the study. Thus, study became a review of systematic reviews. From the 4 systematic reviews, another 35 studies were identified for data extraction and 13 papers were used for meta-analysis. Systematic reviews evaluated, projected an average follow up of 6–8 years with significantly lower dislocation rates for DM cups. The total number of patients undergoing DM cup primary THA were 30,559 with an average age 71 years while the control group consisted of 218,834 patients with an average age of 69 years. DM group had lower rate of dislocation (p < 0.00001), total lower rate of cup revision (p < 0.00001, higher incidence of fracture (p>0.05).ConclusionDM THA is a viable alternative for conventional THA. The long-term results of DM cups in primary THA need to be further evaluated using high quality prospective studies and RCTs.Declaration of Interest(b) declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported:I declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research project.