bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of extra-familial factors in adolescence for the association between out-of-home care and adult psychiatric disorders–A birth cohort study
Authors: Bornscheuer Lisa , Landstedt Evelina , B. Almquist Ylva 
Published: January 2025

Background
Psychiatric disorders are a substantial public health concern, and childhood adversity a well-known risk factor for it. Investigating gender differences in vulnerability and resilience processes following out-of-home care (OHC) as proxy for childhood adversity can help map opportunities for the prevention of psychiatric disorders.

Methods
We followed a large birth cohort for psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, and self-harm, and substance misuse) between age 25–62 years, comparing individuals with and without OHC experience. We investigated different extra-familial risk and resources factors following OHC via gender-stratified mediation and moderation analyses to approximate risk accumulation (vulnerability processes) and buffers of risk (resilience processes).

Results
OHC is prospectively associated with psychiatric disorders in adulthood. Lower school grades, delinquency, and early parenthood are mediators of the association, with the exception of education in girls in relation to anxiety, depression, and self-harm, and early parenthood in boys in relation to substance misuse. Number of best friends moderates OHC experience in boys, and there is a trend for higher educational achievement to also act as buffer, even though this trend was not statistically significant. Leisure time activities did not act as buffer.

Conclusion
Vulnerability and resilience processes after childhood adversity are gendered: Risk accumulation runs via delinquency and poorer educational outcomes in boys more than in girls, while early parenthood is a more dominant risk factor in girls. Having more best friends and higher grades may act as buffer, especially in boys.
A clinical study exploring the prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma through the use of combined enhanced CT and MRI radiomics
Authors: Li Jiangfa , Song Wenxiang , Li Jixue , Cai Lv , Jiang Zhao , Wei Mengxiao , Nong Boming , Lai Meiyu , Jiang Yiyi , Zhao Erbo , Lei Liping 
Published: January 2025

Objective
To develop a predictive model for microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through radiomics analysis, integrating data from both enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 93 HCC patients who underwent partial hepatectomy. The gold standard for MVI was based on the histopathological diagnosis of the tissue. The 93 patients were randomly divided into training and validation groups in 7:3 ratio. The imaging data of patients, including CT and MRI, were collected and processed using 3D Slicer to delineate the region of interest (ROI) for each tumor. Radiomics features were extracted from CT and MRI of patients using Python. Lasso regression analysis was used to select optimal radiomics features for MVI in the training group. The optimal radiomics features of CT and MRI were selected to establish the prediction model. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results
After univariate and multivariate analyses, it was found that tumor diameter was significantly different between the MVI positive and negative groups. After extracting 2153 imaging phenotyping features from the CT and MRI images of the 93 patients using Python, ten standardized coefficient non-zero imaging phenotyping features were finally determined by Lasso regression analysis in the CT and MRI images. A comprehensive predictive model with clinical variable and optimal radiomics features was established. The area under the curve (AUC) of the training group was 0.916 (95%CI: 0.843–1.000), sensitivity: 95.2%, specificity: 79.2%. In the validation group, the predictive model diagnosed MVI with AUC = 0.816 (95%CI: 0.642–0.990), sensitivity: 84.2%, and specificity: 75.0%.

Conclusion
The joint model that integrated the optimal radiomics features with clinical variables has good diagnostic performance for MVI of HCC and specific clinical applicability.
Shadow education e desigualdades sociais: Uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre o fenômeno das explicações/cursinhos pagos com base na teoria da reprodução cultural e social
Authors: Moreira Elisabete Vaz , Neto-Mendes António 
Published: January 2025

A natureza estratificada do sistema educacional e das oportunidades pós-acadêmicas tem promovido o desenvolvimento generalizado do fenômeno Shadow Education (SE) – explicações/cursinhos/educação paralela. Este fenômeno educacional, permeado por um ethos competitivo – particularmente no ensino secundário/médio – favorece alunos com mais condições prévias de sucesso escolar seja na participação no ensino regular seja no acesso/aquisição de “capital simbólico”. Este quadro macrossocial coloca-nos na presença de novos herdeiros de que nos falam Bourdieu e Passeron no âmbito da Teoria da Reprodução Cultural e Social. Por meio de uma revisão da literatura de tipo integrativo de artigos científicos publicados entre 2012 e 2022, foram identificadas, num corpus de análise constituído por 10 artigos, perspetivas teóricas sobre a SE e suas ressonâncias na reprodução de desigualdades sociais. Não obstante os resultados denunciarem uma abordagem emergente do ponto de vista teórico-conceptual da perspetiva sociológica bourdieusiana, subjaz a percepção de que a educação sombra aproxima a relação entre classe social, capital cultural e econômico familiar e resultados educacionais. Sem preocupações com a generalização das conclusões, os resultados desta pesquisa contribuem para o aprofundamento da discussão e análise deste fenômeno e da sua amplitude ao nível da reprodução social das desigualdades no campo educacional em geral.
Global existence for the Willmore flow with boundary via Simon’s Li–Yau inequality
Authors: Schlierf Manuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
It is well known that the Willmore flow of closed spherical immersions exists globally in time and converges if the initial datum has Willmore energy below

8
⁢
π

8\pi

, exactly the Li–Yau energy threshold below which all closed immersions are embedded.
Extending the Li–Yau inequality for closed surfaces via Simon’s monotonicity formula also for surfaces with boundary, given Dirichlet boundary conditions, one obtains an energy threshold

C
LY

C_{\mathrm{LY}}

below which surfaces with this boundary are embedded.
By a slight modification, one obtains a threshold

C
LY
rot

C_{\mathrm{LY}}^{\mathrm{rot}}

below which surfaces of revolution satisfying the boundary data have no self-intersections on the rotation axis.
With a new argument, using this modified Li–Yau inequality and tools from geometric measure theory, we show that the Willmore flow with Dirichlet boundary data starting in cylindrical surfaces of revolution exists globally in time if the energy of the initial datum is below

C
LY
rot

C_{\mathrm{LY}}^{\mathrm{rot}}

.
Moreover, given Dirichlet boundary data, we also obtain the existence of a Willmore minimizer in the class of cylindrical surfaces of revolution if the corresponding infimum lies below

C
LY
rot

C_{\mathrm{LY}}^{\mathrm{rot}}

, which improves previous results for the stationary problem.
Borrowing from French into Dutch (1500–1899): Testing the diffusion and graduality assumptions
Authors: Rutten Gijsbert , Assendelft Brenda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The paper tests two assumptions in loanword research: the diffusion assumption and the graduality assumption. The diffusion assumption holds that lexical borrowings typically gain in frequency over time and diffuse across the community. The graduality assumption implies that borrowings enter the recipient language as non-integrated code-switches and eventually integrate into the grammar of the recipient language. These assumptions are inherently diachronic and are here tested on historical data. We investigate loanwords from French as found in the Language of Leiden Corpus. This corpus comprises Dutch textual materials related to the city of Leiden. It covers the sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and was built specifically to investigate the influence of French on historical Dutch, which is sometimes described in terms of frenchification. The corpus comprises 8,767 established lexical borrowings from French. We show that there is scant empirical evidence for the diffusion and graduality assumptions.
Motivic Repetition and Pseudo-Looping in Hades as Rogue-Lite Elements
Authors: Lind Stephanie 
Published: January 2025

The game Hades is often cited as an example of the rogue-lite genre, a format where players repeat gameplay levels while developing new skills and abilities to progress in the game. In the game’s music, motives are recombined and restated in a manner that suggests looping, resulting in an underlying structure of regularity of phrase and formal section. In contrast, though, this is varied by an ongoing process of rhythmic irregularity that lengthens or shortens the phrase, distorting the looping process into what will be termed a ‘pseudo-loop.’
This paper will examine how processes of local motivic variation in two tracks from Hades—“Out of Tartarus” and “Rage of the Myrmidons”—undermine the regularity of the looping process and of pulse, generating musical instabilities and negating expected regularities of meter. Such instabilities reflect parallelisms between modalities of soundtrack, gameplay, setting, and narrative. As a result, Hades is not only rogue-lite in its gameplay but also in its music. The soundtrack pulls from compositional procedures grounded in both video game music and heavy metal, a conscious choice the game’s composer, Darren Korb, makes in depicting a style he terms “Mediterranean prog-rock Halloween.”
“They Sound Hot”
Authors: Pozderac-Chenevey Sarah 
Published: January 2025

The association of Supergiant Games’s Hades with bisexuality has become so commonplace online that it is the subject of memes and parody. Fan groups joke about Hades ‘turning people bi’ as well as the ‘horniness’ and ‘thirstiness’ of the game’s fanbase, and explicit fanfics and fanart of the characters are abundant online. Jen Zee’s impossibly attractive character designs befit the subjects, literal deities and mythic figures, but they alone do not explain why these millennia-old characters are suddenly the object of modern lust. The characters’ dialogue and the voice actors who brought it to life also play a major role. Furthermore, I argue that the superlative nature of Hades, the result of so much hard work at Supergiant, is not the only factor contributing to its iconic, memetic status. The paucity of positive, deliberate, unambiguous depictions of queer people and queer relationships in mainstream media meant that Hades shone all the brighter by featuring a bisexual protagonist, Zagreus, and offering the possibility of a polyamorous relationship among Zagreus, Megaera, and Thanatos. As players reconsidered their own assumed heterosexuality, the result of compulsory heterosexuality, they also formed and found online communities where others discussed their own queer awakenings.
Eros and thanatos, sex and death, are two major themes in Hades, but they are not the only ones. Love, family, honor, the importance of communication, all of these are celebrated as the player progresses through the story. Willingness to embrace both-and—and therefore queerness—rather than demand mutual exclusion lie at the heart of the narrative, as Zagreus realizes that he does not have to choose between his mothers, that he can be himself and find a role in the House, and that he can love both Megaera and Thanatos. For the players and fans, too, there is both-and as the game satisfies both narratively and ludically, visually and aurally. By presenting characters who are unabashedly beautiful and sexy to both eye and ear—characters who lie outside of modern society’s norms, in a story that is ultimately happy—Hades pierces the enforced curtain concealing the possibilities of lives unfettered by compulsory heterosexuality and biphobia. The fan community has responded by writing about how Hades has contributed positively to their own identities and by making art that celebrates the grand diversity of human sexuality.
CD40 ligand and CD40: expression, regulation and function at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs
Authors: Yoo Inkyu , Lee Soohyung , Cheon Yugyeong , Park Tae Sub , Ka Hakhyun 
Published: January 2025

In brief
The CD40 ligand–CD40 signaling system expressed at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs is involved in regulating maternal immunity by modifying endometrial endothelial cell function during early pregnancy. This paper reveals the role of CD40 ligand–CD40 signaling at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs.

Abstract
To successfully establish and maintain pregnancy in pigs, a variety of factors must work together at the maternal-conceptus interface to form an immune environment appropriate for both the mother and the conceptus. Our transcriptomics study has shown that cluster of differentiation ligand 40 (CD40L) and its receptor CD40, which are known to play important roles in regulating cell- and antibody-mediated immunity, are expressed in the endometrium during early pregnancy. However, the roles of the CD40L and CD40 signaling system are not well understood. Therefore, we determined the expression, regulation and function of CD40L and CD40 at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs. The endometrium expressed CD40L and CD40 mRNAs at the greatest levels on day 15 of pregnancy. The CD40L protein was localized predominantly to luminal epithelial cells on day 15 of pregnancy, and the CD40 protein was found in luminal epithelial, stromal and vascular endothelial cells in the endometrium during pregnancy. During early pregnancy, the conceptus expressed CD40 but not CD40L and chorioallantoic tissues during mid- to late pregnancy expressed both CD40L and CD40. Interferon-γ increased the expression of CD40L and CD40 in endometrial explants. CD40L increased the migration but not the proliferation of cultured porcine uterine endothelial (pENDO) cells in vitro. In addition, CD40L affected the expression of genes related to angiogenesis, cell adhesion, chemokines and immunity in pENDO cells. These results suggest that the CD40L–CD40 system might play an important role in the establishment of pregnancy in pigs by regulating endometrial endothelial cell function during the implantation period.
<b>La concepción ontológica de lo justo y la justicia como fundamento para la construcción de una filosofía política y del derecho para América Latina</b>
Authors: Monroy Pamplona Luis Enrique , Orrego-Echeverría Israel Arturo 
Published: January 2025

The ontological conception of justice has evolved significantly from ancient Western thought to contemporary ideas in Latin America, especially in the context of Abya-Yala. In ancient Greece, thinkers like Heraclitus and Parmenides proposed justice as a dynamic equilibrium and a set of universal principles, respectively. This duality served as a foundation for reflecting on social justice in the region. During the modern era, philosophers such as John Locke and Immanuel Kant redefined justice in terms of individual rights and morality. Kant, with his categorical imperative, and Rousseau, with his emphasis on the general will, introduced visions that highlighted the importance of citizen participation. This shift towards a social construction of justice was consolidated by thinkers like Hegel, who saw justice as a dialectical process.
In Latin America, justice has been reinterpreted by thinkers like Enrique Dussel and Rodolfo Kusch, who critique Western notions and advocate for an ethics of “Buen Vivir“ (Good Living). Dussel proposes a justice that emerges from the recognition of historically silenced voices, while Kusch emphasizes the importance of cultural and community particularities. This ontological transformation challenges Eurocentrism, promoting an approach that respects indigenous worldviews. The inclusion of the Abya-Yala worldview in the 2009 Political Constitution of Bolivia is a milestone in this process, recognizing the self-determination of indigenous peoples and the Mother Earth as an entity with rights. This approach integrates an ecological and cultural perspective, laying the foundations for a philosophy of law that prioritizes inclusive justice.
Building Brand Image among Modern Individual Customers – Case Study of Starbucks Corporation
Authors: Selinah Mabena Maimoona , Diaz Riaño Geraldine Tatiana 
Published: January 2025

This case study presents the problems and challenges of image building for Starbucks. The company creates marketing strategies based on both mass marketing and segmentation marketing. In order to create a positive image in the eyes of specific types of individual customers, the company identifies obstacles and problems and undertakes actions aimed not only at creating comfortable, modern places that are attractive in the eyes of customers, but also actions aimed at making the shopping process more attractive by improving the distribution of products and services, conducting activities aimed at providing products that meet customers' needs and their proper promotion through various advertising activities. The case study below presents both the currently implemented ways of building the company's relationships with individual customers, as well as proposals for future solutions in this area.
Quantifying Resilience in Single-Host/Single-Virus Infections
Authors: Hour Socheata , Pierce Andrew J , Heng Sobroney Ying , Plymale Ruth , Ceballos Ruben Michael 
Published: January 2025

Developing metrics for quantifying the virulence of pathogens (e.g., viruses) is a historical and recently reinvigorated topic of research interest with both theoretical and practical applications in medical, industrial, and environmental microbiology. In the wake of several recent pandemics and outbreaks (e.g., COVID-19, Zika, Dengue, Avian Influenza), where multiple strains of a virus propagated through host populations, methods for assessing relative virulence (VR) between strains has re-emerged as a “hot topic”. Recent publications have considered metrics for determining VR that extend beyond the practice of calculating differences in maximum specific growth rates (mmax) from growth curves of a virus-infected hosts versus uninfected host controls. While some metrics appear best-suited for single-virus/single-host (SVSH) infections that feature canonical host growth with well-defined lag, exponential, stationary, and mortality phases, others may be more robust for infections exhibiting non-canonical infected host growth patterns. Regardless of the metric used, one feature that most approaches have in common is a focus on the exponential growth phase of the virus-host interaction (i.e., from late lag to early stationary phase). Often neglected is the back-half of the growth curve. Following a recent report introducing the Stacy-Ceballos Inhibition Index (ISC), a metric for quantifying relative virulence (VR) between viruses, we have turned our attention to the equally important parameter of relative resilience (RR) between hosts infected in SVSH infections. Although host resilience during a viral infection impacts the entire growth curve, RR has a particular biological significance during extinction (i.e., the mortality phase). Specifically, it is important to assess how long a host (or population) will remain viable post-infection. In this report, we argue that calculating RR using a modification of ISC provides a robust metric for comparisons between SVSH infections. Data from fusellovirus infections in Sulfolobales and bacteriophage infections in Mycobacteriales form the basis for applying this approach for quantifying host resilience.
Inverted Convective Proppant Transport for Effective Conformance Fracturing
Authors: dos Santos J. A. C. M. , Cunha R. A. , de Melo R. C. B. , Aboud R. S. , Pedrosa H. A. , Marchi F. A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In mature fields, a continuous challenge for operators is to maximize hydrocarbon recovery while minimizing associated water production. Water production causes several problems including scaling, fines migration or sand-face failure, tubular corrosion and increased hydrostatic loadings. Thus, although water production is almost an inevitable consequence of oil production, it is usually desirable to defer its onset, or its rise, as long as possible.
Proper stimulation is required to commercially prove many reservoirs, including dirty sandstones and lower-permeability layered formations in water-drive reservoirs and/or with nearby water zones. The focus on water-avoidance has made conformance fracturing interesting in mature fields because it synergistically combines a relative permeability modifier (RPM) with a fracturing fluid to enhance production and reduce water cut in one step. However, if a water zone is below the zone being fractured, fracture invasion may create a conductive path for water production. For example, proppant convection and settling can result in heavier treatment stages displacing rapidly downward from the perforations to the bottom of the fracture. This may occur when treatments call for large pad volumes, high proppant concentrations, or stage density contrasts.
An important technique used to avoid this problem is locally known as "Inverted Proppant Convection." It requires proppant buoyancy in the selected fracturing fluid, as is possible when using ultra-lightweight proppants with specific gravities from 1.054 to 1.75 sg. The technique involves pumping a high-density fluid pad with specific gravity higher than the proppant carrier fluid, which in turn has specific gravity slightly higher than the selected ultra-lightweight proppant.
This paper describes the design approach, operational procedures, and evaluation of field case histories demonstrating the synergism of conformance fracture and inverted proppant convection as applied in Northeast Brazil --with the potential to impact field development strategies worldwide.
Seismic Retrofitting Column and Beams With Carbon-fiber Reinforced Polymer Using Etabs to Resist Earthquake Drift and Magnitude According to Bnbc 2020
Authors: Islam Md Imamul , Hossain Md Rakib , Sagar Mostafizur Rahman , Nasrin Tasmina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Bangladesh, as a developing country is on a brink of earthquake disaster as it sits on 3 of the tectonic plates. So, this study investigates seismic drift and earthquake response limit according to moment magnitude method of a four storied RC building and stair room roof as fifth story without and with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) of Seismic Zone 3 according to BNBC 2020. The study has been done on a pre-existing building at Shimultoly, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The building was made according to BNBC 2006. The results, as it turns out there were no displacements to be found and maximum drift in stories changes its value from story to story as there are some unusual differences between drifts in stories as, cases of drifts decreasing in the upper stories of building were found. We also found using CFRP, it decreases about 45%-53% of story maximum drift in case of earthquakes. As the building was constructed on 2019 it was built according to BNBC 2006 with some modification according to recent material types which is pretty much similar to recent BNBC 2020 code. So, an analysis has been done by ETABS-17 to find about displacement and drift of this building with and without CFRP according to BNBC 2020 standards and find out if this building can withstand earthquakes in all seismic zone of Bangladesh and if it can what will be limit of this structure’s earthquake response at the brink of collapse.