bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enlightenment and emancipation
Authors: Dubin Lois C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Enlightenment and emancipation were two crucial forces that affected Jews and Judaism since the mid-eighteenth century: Judaism as the religion of citizens participating in modern states is inconceivable without them. With its promotion of secular definitions of civil society and the state as well as ideals of shared rationality, humanity, and tolerance, the Enlightenment opened up a potential cultural and political space for Jews as members of modern European societies. Long cast as the quintessential religious dissenters and ethnic outsiders in Christian Europe, Jews could now be seen in principle as fellow human beings and citizens.
Covenant
Authors: Ochs Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Jewish sages, scholars, and thinkers have redescribed Judaism after each period of catastrophe in Jewish civilization. Still traumatized by the memory of Shoah, the Jewish people lives in such a period now, which means that this is an appropriate time to redescribe the Jewish religion. It is, therefore, an appropriate time to redescribe what Jews mean by covenant, since covenant—brit —refers to the bond that links all members of the Jewish people to each other and that ties the Jewish people as a whole to God.
Halakhic issues: survey
Authors: Cohen Jonathan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Any survey of halakhic issues in the modern period requires an appreciation of the challenges that modernity presents to practitioners of halakhah. Modernity, launched with the French and American revolutions, has altered the living conditions as well as the status and identity of Jews throughout the world. It has also transformed the quality and extent of their interaction with non-Jews and non-Jewish institutions. Two principal expressions of modernity have affected Jewish life most significantly: political emancipation and the Enlightenment.
Contemporary issues in halakhah
Authors: Resnicoff Steven H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Halakhah (Jewish law) applies to all facets of life: to public issues, such as whether the State of Israel can halakhically trade land for peace; and to private issues, such as whether, and under what circumstances, a person may halakhically participate in modern reproductive procedures. Most halakhic enquiries fall into one of two categories. The first type asks what halakhah says about the propriety of a particular action (or inaction), the status of a particular thing, or the status, rights, or responsibilities of a particular person. Such questions generally enquire as to what the halakhah is with respect to the specific issue at hand.
As others see Jews
Authors: Horowitz Elliott 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When visiting Palestine in 1836 the American traveller John Lloyd Stephens, who was later to achieve fame for his Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas, and the Yucatan (1841), entered Hebron and was brought by his guide to ‘a distant and separate quarter of the city’. At first the young New Jersey native had no idea where he was being taken, but, as he later wrote, ‘I had not advanced a horse’s length in the narrow streets before their peculiar costume and physiognomies told me that I was among the unhappy remnant of a fallen people, the persecuted and despised Israelites’.
Jewish–Christian relations
Authors: Tolstoy Margie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For Jewish–Christian relations to have an impact, Jews and Christians must relate to each other in ways that acknowledge difference whilst affirming a shared destiny. Learning to listen to those who are ‘other’ is the only approach that builds trust, mutual respect, friendship, and love. But the aim is ultimately more ambitious; namely, to ‘seek peace and pursue it’ (Psalm 34: 15). Jonathan Magonet points out that, ‘for most other commandments, we are only instructed to do them when they come our way—but when it comes to peace, we are to be actively engaged in seeking it out’. Some Jewish leaders have come to recognize that there are positive benefits to be derived from the encounter with Christianity:
Caxton and Fifteenth-Century English Books
Authors: Gillespie Alexandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The 1473– 4 Recuyell of the historyes of Troye is the first recorded translation by William Caxton of a text into English. It was also the first book printed in English, issued from presses in Bruges where the mercer was then resident. And it is the first printed book to say something about an English vernacular author: Caxton names Lydgate as an important model for his own literary endeavours as he embeds the three books of his translation within a very detailed account of those endeavours:[A]s moche as that worship[p]full and religyous man dan John Lidgate, monke of Burye, dide translate hit I fere to take upon me, that am not worthy to bere his penner and ynkehorne after hym, to modle me in that werke.
Good Utterance: Printing and Innovation after 1478
Authors: Gillespie Alexandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is a place for the rapid, almost mechanized reproduction of utterances, for tumultuous ‘rounynges and jangles’ (l. 1960) that are specific- ally sounds made by physical activity—’chirkygnes’ produced by the grinding of two hard surfaces together and ‘gygges’ (a word nowhere else recorded), the sound made by a bow on string (from Old French giguer). Chaucer’s verse is extended thematically as well as lexically at this moment to encompass concerns typical of his dream visions: the difference between lyric voices (courtly or angelic) and their discordant opposite— the democratized, jangling rumours of an unrestrained multitude.
The Press, the Medieval Author, and the English Reformations, 1534 to 1557
Authors: Gillespie Alexandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
John Foxe was an enthusiastic early historian of the reformation printing press. ‘[T]hrough the lyght of printing’, he writes in his 1570 Actes and monuments, as by the singulare organe of the holy Ghost, the doctrine of the Gospell soundeth to all nations & countreys vnder heauen: and what God readeth to one man, is dispersed to many, and what is knowne in one nation, is opened to all.
Agamemnon’s Influence in Germany: Goethe, Schiller, and Wagner
Authors: Ewans Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The influence of Greek art and literature on the German writers of the eighteenth and nineteenth century was so great that E. M. Butler could fairly term it a ‘tyranny’ in the title of her famous pioneering study. Aeschylus, however, made for a long time less impression than the other two great tragic poets. Winckelmann’s verdict was enormously influential; he stated categorically that: the Fine arts have their youth as well as men; and the beginning of these arts seems to have been similar to the Wrst attempts of plastic artists, where only the pompous and the amazing can please. This was the shape taken by Aeschylus’
The Chorus of Aeschylus’ Agamemnon in Modern Stage Productions: Towards the Performative Turn’
Authors: Bierl Anton 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The modern productions of Aeschylus’ Oresteia, the only surviving ancient Greek trilogy, are of pivotal importance for the renaissance of tragedy on the contemporary stage. Agamemnon can certainly be enjoyed as a play in itself, but it is evident that it also functions to expose the subject of the entire cycle to the spectators. As the chorus plays such a major role in creating this thematic basis and providing a mythical and narrative background, I think it is worthwhile concentrating on how they function in performance. Furthermore, even though I have been asked to give a survey of the German scene, I consider it necessary to transcend the geographical and cultural boundaries of Germany and consider the larger
Ritual Dynamics in the Eastern Mediterranean: Case Studies in Ancient Greece and Asia Minor
Authors: Chaniotis Angelos 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One of the many monuments the Athenians proudly showed their youth and the visitors to their city was the ship with which Theseus was believed to have sailed to Crete. In the course of the centuries the ship’s wooden parts rotted, and the Athenians had to replace them, providing ancient philosophers with an unsolved puzzled: did Theseus’ ship remain the same even though its rotten components were continually being replaced? I cannot help thinking about this puzzle when I am confronted with diachronic studies on ‘the’ Mediterranean. Can the Mediterranean be a somehow distinctive object of historical and cultural study, given the continual change of its living (and therefore, ephemeral) components (human populations and their cultures, animals, and plants)? Or is the Mediterranean as a historical and cultural entity just a construct of the collective imagination of scholars who contribute to journals, books, or conferences that have the name ‘Mediterranean’ in their title? The question of the unity of the Mediterranean should be asked not only ‘vertically’ (with regard to diachronic developments); it must be asked ‘horizontally’ as well.
General Introduction: Reconceiving the Renaissance
Authors: Fernie Ewan , Wray Ramona 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Renaissance studies today, theory is everywhere. For the student entering this field for the first time, theoretically inflected thinking is impossible to avoid. The choice to engage with theory, and to interpret Renaissance literature and culture through theory, has, in effect, already been made. From gender critiques and post- colonial investigations to historicist and political explorations, theory is central to the discipline. Since the early 1980s, the transformations enacted in the wake of theory have proved both dizzying and exciting. Pre-theory, in the first half of the twentieth century and beyond, the Renaissance was often imagined as a golden age, its literature and culture a nostalgic repository of all that was ‘great and good’ about the English nation and its people.
Beyond Celebration
Authors: Das Schreckliche Mädchen Michael Verhoeven‘s 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A close-knit community with skeletons in its cupboard, meddling youngsters who start asking awkward questions: these are staples of Western narrative, but also lived experience in post-1945 Germany and Austria. As screenwriter and director of Das schreckliche Mädchen (The Nasty Girl, 1989),1 Michael Verhoeven is one of a number of writers and film-makers to exploit the narrative potential inherent in any unstable consensus of silence in order specifically to expose mechanisms of shame and shamelessness in post-Nazi communities.
Documentary and Gender
Authors: Judasfrauen Helga Schubert‘s , BeFreier und Befreite Helke Sander‘s , Jenseits des Krieges Ruth Beckermann‘s 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter brings together a work of documentary literature, Helga Schubert‘s Judasfrauen (Judas Women), and two documentary films, Helke Sander‘s BeFreier und Befreite. Krieg, Vergewaltigungen, Kinder (Liberators take Liberties) and Ruth Beckermann‘s Jenseits des Krieges (East of War).1 As non-fiction genres, documentary literature and documentary film pose similar methodological challenges, but my analysis acknowledges that they have discrete traditions and should not be conflated uncritically. On the face of it, the subject of Sander‘s film—the rape of German women by Allied soldiers in spring 1945—bears only a tangential relationship to the representation of the Third Reich, but the film is of interest precisely because it has been read as part of a wider tendency to use German suffering to divert attention from German guilt.
Literary Silence In Beckett’s Trilogy
Authors: Loevlie Elisabeth Marie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The above comment is from an interview in which Derrida explains why he will not engage with Beckett’s text in a critical way. Of course, this refusal indicates an insight into Beckett’s work that is sharper, perhaps, than that of many lengthy analyses. Derrida’s implied suggestion is that any critical discourse on Beckett would inevitably ‘miss’ the text. Commentaries on the trilogy leave a certain sense of surplus. Left is that which slips away from any philosophical or analytical meta-discourse, that which Derrida calls the ‘signature’: ‘this remainder which remains when the thematics is exhausted’ (Derrida 1992: 61). The indication is that Beckett’s texts resist a critical response—that they are incongruous with critical discourse. This is the fundamental difficulty of any critical reading of the trilogy, namely to develop a critical framework that does not neutralize or ‘dull’ the actual effects of Beckett’s text by naming them.
Literature, Complaint, and the Ars Dictaminis
Authors: Scase Wendy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this witty sequence from the early fourteenth-century lyric Blow Northerne Wynd, the lover’s complaint is compared with ‘pleyntes’ put in court. The lover’s traditional suffering (loss of his heart, sighing, sorrowing, danger of dying) is Literature, Complaint, and the Ars Dictaminis 171 expressed in the language proper to legal actions. The lover complains that the lady has ‘hent in honde on huerte þat myn wes’; she has ‘disseised’ him of his heart. Like some plaintiffs in the courts of the early fourteenth century, the lover invokes the language of peasant plaint to express the injustice he suffers.
Racial Virtues
Authors: Blum Lawrence 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Race, or the racial domain of life, presents a very rich context of value. There are many different kinds of things that can go wrong and right in the area of race, and race and racial identities can play an important role in understandings of a just society, a good society, a good individual life, and a good life for groups. Yet, by and large, moral philosophers have given race scant attention, apart from social justice concerns such as discrimination and affirmative action. Although love, friendship, family, civic relationships, and other aspects of our interpersonal lives have increasingly drawn the attention of moral philosophers, the racial dimension of this complex domain has not.
Virtue and a Warrior’s Anger
Authors: Sherman Nancy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Marvin served as a marine in Okinawa during the Second World War. The fighting during April and May, 1945 was ferocious, with men typically spending fifteen days at the line, armed with bayonets and knives, living on three to four hours sleep, pumped with Benzedrine (speed) for those campaigns in which they had to fight for forty-eight hours straight. Battle rage still visits Martin, in anger at employers whose voice and attitude bring back the feel of being given military orders, in mini- flashbacks that transform a car that cuts him off on the road into an enemy with a one and a half ton weapon out to hurt him.
Filial Piety as a Virtue
Authors: Ivanhoe Philip J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The virtue of filial piety may seem a tad out of date to many modern Western readers, but instead of accepting this response as authoritative, we should see it as raising several issues that are part of why this topic is particularly relevant and important. The first thing to ask about such a response is, Why is it that this particular virtue might strike certain readers as less pressing or even unimportant? The fact that some may find this a natural response is not alone a good reason to accept such a view as decisive.
The Relevance Of Natural Science To Theology
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The question of the relevance, or otherwise, of science to religion, in their intellectual and cognitive aspects, therefore remains a significant one and is not, in fact, reduced to nonsense when we introduce, as we must, the social dimension as a tertium quid-and so science itself, as it were by the back-door, in the form of the sciences of man and human society and bel,1aviour.
The Transformation Of The Scientific World-View Through Twentieth-Century Physics And Cosmology
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is a commonplace that the ‘immensities’ of space and time which confront man in the universe have been magnified since Galileo by orders of such magnitude that they daunt the imagination. It is less widely appreciated than it should be that twentieth-century physics has necessitated a transformation of our commonsense view of the world, a transformation fundamentally far more radical than any mere multiplication, how ever enormous, of the scale of Euclidean space and Newtonian time. For that extension of scale tends to be envisaged in ways which are derived directly from our apprehension of space and time through our senses, with the aid of instruments and clocks.
What Is Man In The Light Of The Sciences?
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
What, then, is man? In the light of the sciences, is he ‘nothing but’ a bipedal terrestrial mammal, a featherless biped, a tool making naked ape, an aggressive carnivore, a gene machine programmed to ensure the preservation of its selfish genes, a homeostatic mechanism equipped with a language-programmed computer, or a self-programmed centre of conscious activity? Clearly, these epigrams represent only an absurdly small proportion of the accounts of man which science now provides and which are admirably described in a work as comprehensive as that of J. Z.
The ‘Long Search’
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This was the title of a notable series of BBC television and radio programmes in I917 which displayed for our reflection, as well as for the pleasures of our sight, the immensely variegated ways in which God’s meaning in the world is discerned viction, sincere faith and good will exist also outside Christianity. But all those can be called Christians for whom in life and death Jesus Christ is ultimately decisive.
Why Is Jesus Of Nazareth Relevant To Man’S Search For Meaning And Intelligibility?
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This is the question we cannot avoid asking today, not only because of the cultural and sociological forces impelling us towards it, but also because the context in which it is raised now has been transformed during the last century as a result of the revolution in man’s understanding of the world and of himself that have resulted from both scientific inquiry and from fairly and squarely here today and we cannot avoid interpreting both the early historical experience of the first witnesses and the continuous experience this has generated.
What Is The Significance Of The Life, Death, And Resurrection Of Jesus For Man (in his search today for God’s meaning in a creation described by the natural sciences)?
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
So we ask, can we find coherent expression of any meaning that God might have expressed in Jesus the Christ which could be seen to be congruent with our understanding of the relation of God the Creator to the created world, a world most accurately now described by the sciences? In§ IV, we recapitulated some aspects of our understanding of this relation and summarized them. IOI Let us, then, consider (in reverse of the order previously given) these perceptions of the way we must now conceive of God’s action and presence in the created world in relation to those central features of our knowledge of Jesus and his impact on his contemporaries which we have just outlined.
The Future-According To Science
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Not surprisingly, the resources of science, with its confidence in its powers of predicting natural events, have been evoked to peer into the future, generating an exercise graced with the title ‘futurology’.3 This exercise produces results of varying reliability, as we shall see-and it is not always the case that the long-term, large-scale predictions are less reliable than the short-term and small-scale.
Beginning And End In The Bible
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is indeed a stark contrast between the scientific picture of the end of the Earth and of the universe and those which conclude the Bible. The Revelation of John speaks30 of a ‘new heaven and a new earth’ and a ‘new Jerusalem’ whose light will be the glory of God and from which suffering and death and pain will have been expunged. The images are drawn from a rich literary tradition and the use of them is highly mythological. Indeed it is clear that the greater part of the Revelation does not place its events (perhaps they could more properly be called ‘happenings’ in the contemporary argot) on the time scale of history.
Pragmatic Analyses of Anaphoric Pronouns: Do Things Look Better in 2-D?
Authors: Breheny Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper is concerned with discourses of the form in (1), focusing on the anaphoric dependence between the pronouns in the second sentence and indefinites in the first. A man walked in the park. He whistled. I predict that a woman will be nominated for President in 2008. Furthermore, I predict she will win. The various analyses of such discourses can be classified as being either dynamic or not. Among the non-dynamic analyses, there are what will be called ‘linguistic’ and ‘pragmatic’. A major concern of the first part of this paper will be to show that among non-dynamic approaches, there is good reason to think that some kind of pragmatic account might be on the right track. Though we aim to present some strong positive evidence for the pragmatic account which is also very problematic for dynamic approaches to meaning and discourse, we will not explicitly examine the question about the preferability of dynamic versus pragmatic accounts here. Instead, we shall be interested in scrutinizing the virtues of two different pragmatic accounts. The first involves the E-type analysis of pronouns first proposed in Cooper (1979). The second, found in Stalnaker (1998), employs Stalnaker’s two-dimensional framework. In the second part we will argue that Stalnaker’s pragmatic account is, in an interesting way, too weak. We will consider and reject alternative, stronger proposals that could be made within the two-dimensional framework. We conclude, among other things, that only if pronouns can be considered to be E-type do we capture their definiteness.
Two-Dimensionalism: A Neo-Fregean Interpretation
Authors: Garcia-Carpintero Manuel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Saul Kripke’s (1980) Naming and Necessity changed the assumptions defining the philosophical landscape of its times. A well-known case in point concerns Quine’s presuppositions about quantificational modal logic. For Quine, the fact that use of this logical theory commits one to Aristotelian essentialism was enough to discredit any serious applications of it. Unlike philosophers such as Carnap, Quine doubted that there was a distinctive class of necessary truths, but he shared with them the empiricist assumption that, if one exists, it coincides with the dass of analytic and a priori truths: necessity has a linguistic foundation, ifit has any at all, which for Carnap and other empiricists meant a foundation on convention.
Introduction
Authors: Bingham Adrian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is a platitude for journalists to claim that they write the first draft of history. Yet when it comes to preparing later drafts, historians have, in fact, generally been reluctant to examine the press for insights into the past. This book seeks to demonstrate the value of popular newspapers as a historical source by using them to explore the attitudes and identities of inter-war Britain, and in particular the reshaping of femininity and masculinity. The two decades after the Armistice of November 1918 were of major significance in the making of twentieth-century gender identities, as women and men came to terms with the upheavals of the Great War, the arrival of democracy, and rapid social change.