bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monodisperse BaZrO3 nanocrystals and flux pinning effect on upscaling MOD-derived (Y,Dy)Ba2Cu3O7−
δ
superconducting tapes
Authors: Huang Rongtie , Chen Jing , Liu Zhiyong , Dou Wenzhi , Zhang Ning , Cai Chuanbing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the present work, monodisperse BaZrO3 (BZO) nanocrystals with controllable sizes are successfully introduced into trifluoroacetate metal–organic deposition derived (Y,Dy)Ba2Cu3O7−δ
((Y,Dy)BCO)-coated superconducting tapes to act as effective pinning centers. The BZO nanocrystal addition strategy is extended to upscaling coated conductors as long as hundreds of meters, and as thick as 3.4 μm, of (Y,Dy)BCO layers. The corresponding superconducting performances of BZO-added (Y,Dy)BCO-coated conductors are systematically investigated under various applied magnetic fields and temperatures. It is revealed that the I
c (77 K, self-field) of BZO-added tapes decreases linearly with BZO concentration, while the corresponding in-field lift-factors increase for all studied BZO additions. In-field J
c values under various fields at low temperatures show that the (Y,Dy)BCO tape with 5%-BZO addition exhibits a better performance than that of other concentrations. Besides, this benefit of BZO addition appears identical for both thin and thick samples, as well as for tapes that are hundreds of meters long. The angular dependence of in-field I
c also shows that significant improvement occurs in all the studied angular ranges after nanocrystal BZO additions, demonstrating that the nanocrystal addition strategy is of great value for upscaling commercial (Y,Dy)BCO tape for in-field applications.
The behavior and control of injected impurity in the closed divertor of HL-2A
Authors: Ma Huicong , Cao Chengzhi , Cai Laizhong , Gao Jinming , Du Hailong , Wang Dezhen , Wu Na , Liu Liang , Yang Zengchen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Excessive heat load on the divertor target has been identified as a major challenge for present and future tokamaks. Divertor detachment achieved by injecting radiating impurity is an effective method to reduce heat load onto the divertor target surface. However, extremely serious effects on the core plasma could be given by the injected extrinsic impurity, such as fuel dilution and cooling due to energy radiation loss by the impurity in the core plasma region. Therefore, understanding the impurity behavior and then controlling the impurity content during divertor impurity injection are important issues of a tokamak. The closed divertor has the advantage of realization of divertor detachment and the Huan Liuqi-2A (HL-2A) tokamak has a very closed symmetrical divertor structure. In this work, experiments and SOLPS-ITER simulation gave the picture of the impurity behavior and showed that the friction force can play a more key role in screening and controlling radiated impurity, comparing with pressure/temperature gradient force during detachment in HL-2A with the closed divertor. Increasing the degree of divertor detachment (DoD), the screening ability of the divertor is strengthened, which is conducive to the control of impurity ions. It implies that the injected impurity can be confined in the closed divertor under detachment and, to some extent, the effect of DoD or impurity gas flux on main plasma can be attenuated for HL-2A with extrinsic impurity gas injection. During divertor detachment, the screening effect of N+ and Ar+ ions is stronger than that of Ne+ ions. As a result, the behavior and control of impurity with impurity injection in the closed divertor of HL-2A are presented with experimental and simulated results, which gives meaningful understanding and suggestion for heat load mitigation and controlling the effect of impurity in HL-2A and other tokamaks.
The thermoelectric power investigation of the ϒ2-graphyne molecule device
Authors: Neshani Sonay , Golzan Mir Maqsood , Ahmadi Mohamad Taghi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Graphyne, is an interesting carbon nanostructure, with unique properties such as high carrier mobility, thermal stability, and electronic band characteristics shaped by sp and sp2 hybridizations. Due to its intrinsic porous nature, graphyne exhibits higher phonon scattering, and lower thermal conductance compared to graphene, making it an excellent nominee to be investigated as an organic nanoscale thermoelectric material. In this study, we delve into the thermoelectric power properties of the ϒ2-Graphyne structures using the modeling and simulated approaches. Our modeling studies focus on unit cell base vector variation at temperatures higher and lower than the Fermi temperature, additionally, the hopping energy variation is calculated in the same temperatures. We have employed the semi-classical Boltzmann transport equation to analyze these effects, considering the relaxation time factor, as a way of exploring the phonon scatterings, and the changing system behavior. It is concluded structural variation leads to a change in the scattering mechanisms. ATK Quantum Wise simulations on three groups of ϒ2-Graphyne structures are carried out. In the first two groups, the influence of the electrode length and the asymmetry are investigated, but for the last group, only the main region variation is considered. Generally, the number of the unit cells in the main region is changed from one group to the other. The density of states, the transmission spectrum, and electrical conductance values are calculated moreover, the effect of the temperature on thermoelectric power for all groups of devices is simulated. The figure of merit (Z) values at room temperature for all the structures is determined and the highest value of ZT is for the device with one unit cell and asymmetric electrodes are reported.
Discrete sine-Gordon equation on metric graphs: A simple model for Josephson junction networks
Authors: Akramov M E , Yusupov J R , Askerzade I N , Matrasulov D U 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We consider discrete sine-Gordon equation on branched domains. The latter is modeled in terms of the metric graphs with discrete bonds having the form of the branched 1D chains. Exact analytical solutions of the problem are obtained for special case of the constraints given in terms of a simple sum rule. Numerical solution is obtained when the constraint is not fulfilled. A simple model of a Josephson junction network is proposed using the obtained results.
Optical soliton solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the presence of chromatic dispersion with cubic-quintic-septic-nonicnonlinearities
Authors: Ozdemir Neslihan , Secer Aydin , Ozisik Muslum , Bayram Mustafa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, one of our main subjects is the examination of optical solitons of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation having cubic-quintic-septic-nonic nonlinearities via the modified F-expansion method. The other subject is also the analysis of the impacts of some parameters in the model on the soliton shape, which is examined for the first time in this study. According to the modified F-expansion method, we select the suitable transformation to gain the nonlinear ordinary differential equation for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation having cubic-quintic-septic-nonic nonlinearities in the first stage. Then, we get a system consisting of linear equations in polynomial form with the aid of the modified F-expansion method. Various solution sets consisting of the parameters of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation having cubic-quintic-septic-nonic nonlinearities are achieved. Inserting the selected sets and transformations into the serial form of the presented method and utilizing the solutions of the auxiliary equation in the presented method, the optical soliton solutions of the model are derived. Furthermore, varied optical soliton solutions, such as anti-kink, singular, and bright, are achieved, and 3D and 2D projections of the generated soliton solutions have been illustrated. The impact of some parameters on each soliton behavior has also been examined. It is found that these parameters have a significant impact on the soliton structure.
Dark matter search with CMB: a study of foregrounds
Authors: Zhang Zi-Xuan , Wang Yi-Ming , Cang Junsong , Zhang Zirui , Liu Yang , Li Si-Yu , Gao Yu , Li Hong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The energy injected from dark matter annihilation and decay processes potentially raises the ionisation of the intergalactic medium and leaves visible footprints on the anisotropy maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Galactic foregrounds emission in the microwave bands contaminate the CMB measurement and may affect the search for dark matter's signature.
In this paper, we construct a full CMB data and foreground simulation based on the design of the next-generation ground-based CMB experiments. The foreground residual after the components separation on maps is fully considered in our data analysis, accounting for various contamination from the emission of synchrotron, thermal dust, free-free and spinning dust.
We analyse the corresponding sensitivity on dark matter parameters from the temperature and polarization maps, and we find that the CMB foregrounds leave a non-zero yet controllable impact on the sensitivity. Comparing with statistics-only analysis, the CMB foreground residual leads to a factor of at most 19% weakening on energy-injection constraints, depending on the specific dark matter process and experimental configuration. Strong limits on dark matter annihilation rate and decay lifetime can be expected after foreground subtraction.
The ice model on the three-dimensional Hanoi graph
Authors: Chang Shu-Chiuan , Chen Lung-Chi , Yang Zhi-Xiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study the ice model (with Boltzmann factors equal to one) on the 3D Hanoi graph H(n) at stage n. We derive recursive equations for functions that provide the number of configurations for each type of restricted arrow diagram. The total number of configurations I(n) can be computed exactly using these functions. The entropy per site in the thermodynamic limit is

S
H

=

2
3

ln
2
=
0.462
098
120
373
…

for H(n). This is comparable to the entropy per site

S

s
q

=

3
2

ln

4
3

=
0.431
523
108
677

…

for the square lattice (Lieb 1967 Phys. Rev. Lett.
18 692–4 and Lieb E H 1967 Phys. Rev.
162 162–72).
Low latency computing for time stretch instruments
Authors: Zhou Tingyi , Jalali Bahram 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Time stretch instruments have been exceptionally successful in discovering single-shot ultrafast phenomena such as optical rogue waves and have led to record-speed microscopy, spectroscopy, lidar, etc. These instruments encode the ultrafast events into the spectrum of a femtosecond pulse and then dilate the time scale of the data using group velocity dispersion. Generating as much as Tbit per second of data, they are ideal partners for deep learning networks which by their inherent complexity, require large datasets for training. However, the inference time scale of neural networks in the millisecond regime is orders of magnitude longer than the data acquisition rate of time stretch instruments. This underscores the need to explore means where some of the lower-level computational tasks can be done while the data is still in the optical domain. The Nonlinear Schrödinger Kernel computing addresses this predicament. It utilizes optical nonlinearities to map the data onto a new domain in which classification accuracy is enhanced, without increasing the data dimensions. One limitation of this technique is the fixed optical transfer function, which prevents training and generalizability. Here we show that the optical kernel can be effectively tuned and trained by utilizing digital phase encoding of the femtosecond laser pulse leading to a reduction of the error rate in data classification.
A practical guide to loss measurements using the Fourier transform of the transmission spectrum
Authors: Thiel Hannah , Nardi Bianca , Schlager Alexander , Frick Stefan , Weihs Gregor 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Analyzing the internal loss characteristics and multimodedness of (integrated) optical devices can prove difficult. One technique to recover this information is to Fourier transform the transmission spectrum of optical components. This article gives instruction on how to perform the transmission measurement, prepare the data, and interpret the Fourier spectrum. Our guide offers insights into the influence of sampling, windowing, zero padding as well as Fourier spectrum peak heights and shapes which are previously neglected in the literature but have considerable impact on the results of the method. For illustration, we apply the method to a Bragg-reflection waveguide. We find that the waveguide is multimodal with two modes having very similar group refractive indices but different optical losses.
Noise and dissipation on a moving mirror induced by the dynamical Casimir emission
Authors: Butera Salvatore 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We adopt an open quantum system approach to study the effects of the back-reaction from a quantum field onto the dynamics of a moving mirror. We describe the coupling between the mirror and the field by using a microscopic model from which the dielectric response of the mirror is obtained from first principles. Using second-order perturbation theory, we derive the master equation governing the mechanical motion of the mirror. Our analysis reveals that the mirror experiences coloured noise and non-local dissipation, which originate from the emission of particle pairs via the dynamical Casimir effect. We show that the noise and dissipation kernels, that enter in the definition of the time-dependent coefficients of the master equation, are related by standard fluctuation-dissipation relations.
Design and optimization of vertical nanowire tunnel FET with electrostatic doping
Authors: Bhardwaj Anjana , Kumar Pradeep , Raj Balwinder , Kumar Naveen , Anand Sunny 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
While dealing with the nanoscale regime, most devices make sacrifices in terms of performance. So to meet the performance requirements, Electrostatic doped Vertical Nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (E-VNWTFET) is proposed and analysed in this work. The dimensions of Electrostatic VNWTFET structure are scaled down and then the analog performance parameters transconductance gm, gm2 (2nd order), gm3 (3rd order) and linearity parameters 2nd order Voltage Interception Point VIP2, 3rd order Voltage Interception Point VIP3, 3rd order Input Interception Point IIP3 and 3rd order Intermodulation Distortion IMD3 are analysed. It is observed that electrostatic technique of doping is better than charge plasma (CP) technique; because in CP technique costly metals are required for doping. The analog performance parameters of E-VNWTFET are investigated and using device simulation the demonstrated characteristics are compared with CP-VNWTFET. After simulation, the device exhibits ON current ION of 3.5 μA μm−1 and OFF current IOFF of 6.6 × 10−18 A μm−1; which offers a significant ION/IOFF of 1011. The reported subthreshold swing and Drain-induced barrier lowering DIBL are approx. 9.7 mV/Decade and 37.8 mV/V respectively.
Precipitation of hyponatremia and seizures by esmolol in sterile water formulation
Authors: Zavala Sarah , Kaminsky Nicole , Roels Cathrine 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Acute hyponatremia can lead to severe neurological symptoms such as confusion, obtundation, seizures, coma, and respiratory depression, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. Patients with acute hyponatremia should be evaluated based on volume status and serum osmolality to determine potential causes and appropriate treatment. The aim of this case report is to illustrate the importance of using a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate medication formulation and the potential impact on a patient’s clinical course.

Summary
A 34-year-old male was admitted for type A aortic dissection and was treated with an esmolol infusion and underwent operative repair. Two days after initiation of esmolol, the patient developed seizures and antiepileptics were initiated. The patient’s serum sodium concentration was found to have decreased by a total of 14 mEq/L since admission. The patient had received more than 6 L of esmolol formulated in sterile water over the course of 2 days. The esmolol infusion was converted to another antihypertensive agent, and 0.9% sodium chloride injection was initiated, after which the serum sodium concentration began to recover. No further seizures were observed on continuous electroencephalography, and all antiepileptic drugs were discontinued with no seizure activity.

Conclusion
The esmolol product utilized in this case was formulated in 250 mL of sterile water, which is suspected to have contributed to the patient’s hyponatremia. It is important to be aware of the formulation and excipients of medications and their potential for adverse effects.
Iatrogenic aortic valve fenestration rupture following coronary angiography: a case report
Authors: Montandrau Olivier , Souffi Kenza , Besbes Tesnim , Salvi Susanna , Philip Ivan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Aortic valve fenestration (AVF) is a relatively common anatomical variation, while its rupture is a rare cause of aortic regurgitation (AR), especially following coronary angiography. This case report highlights the importance of echocardiographic evaluation and multidisciplinary discussion for the differential diagnosis of fibroelastoma or endocarditis.

Case summary
A 66-year-old man presented with acute shortness of breath following coronary angiography for an inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Echocardiography revealed severe aortic regurgitation associated with a filamentous mobile structure on the non-coronary cusp. A multidisciplinary discussion was conducted to determine the cause of the AR, leading to the patient undergoing aortic valve replacement. A gross inspection of the valve confirmed AVF rupture.

Conclusion
Iatrogenic AVF rupture following coronary angiography is an exceptionally rare complication. Thorough echocardiographic evaluation plays a significant role in differentiating AVF rupture from other valve pathologies, such as fibroelastoma, Lambl’s excrescence, or endocarditis. Echocardiographic features, including a very thin, linear, and flail-like mobile lesion, the paracommissural location, frequent involvement of the non-coronary cusp, and an eccentric jet of the AR, are suggestive of AVF rupture. While medical history and clinical examination contribute to the diagnostic process, definitive diagnosis relies on surgery and anatomopathology.
Exogenous ʟ-tryptophan treatment increases the concentrations of melatonin and aroma compounds in grape berries and wine
Authors: Xiang Guangqing , Jia Runpu , Wang Fei , Wang Shengnan , Li Yifan , Yao Yuxin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
l-Tryptophan (Trp) is a substrate for the biosynthesis of melatonin, and melatonin is a signal molecule that alters the secondary metabolite profile; whether Trp treatments promote the biosynthesis of melatonin to regulate aroma compounds in grape berries and wine remains unclear. Here, the content of melatonin was higher in Marselan grapes and wine than that in other grape cultivars. Marselan grapes were subjected to 30 different Trp treatments. The content of melatonin and aroma compounds in Marselan grapes was increased by several treatments. Increases in the content of volatiles were mainly driven by increases in aldehydes. Hexanal, the most abundant aldehyde compound, was the main contributor to increases in aldehydes following Trp treatment. The results of our study indicate that the root application of 250 mg/L l-tryptophan during the fruiting expansion stage and the spraying application of 50 mg/L l-tryptophan spray during the veraison stage were the optimal treatments because the content of melatonin and aroma compounds, as well as other basic quality parameters, were highest in Trp-treated grape berries and wine in these treatments. Overall, these two effective Trp treatments could be used to enhance the content of melatonin and aroma compounds in Marselan grapes, and this could increase the economic value of this cultivar.
Signatures of feedback in the spectacular extended emission region of NGC 5972
Authors: Harvey Thomas , Maksym W Peter , Keel William , Koss Michael , Bennert Vardha N , Chojnowski S Drew , Treister Ezequiel , Finlez Carolina , Lintott Chris J , Moiseev Alexei , Simmons Brooke D , Sartori Lia F , Urry Megan 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present Chandra X-ray Observatory observations and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph spectra of NGC 5972, one of the 19 ‘Voorwerpjes’ galaxies. This galaxy contains an extended emission-line region (EELR) and an arcsecond scale nuclear bubble. NGC 5972 is a faded active galactic nucleus (AGN), with EELR luminosity suggesting a 2.1 dex decrease in Lbol in the last ∼5 × 104 yr. We investigate the role of AGN feedback in exciting the EELR and bubble given the long-term variability and potential accretion state changes. We detect broad-band (0.3–8 keV) X-ray emission in the near-nuclear regions, coincident with the [O iii] bubble, as well as diffuse soft X-ray emission coincident with the EELR. The soft nuclear (0.5–1.5 keV) emission is spatially extended and the spectra are consistent with two apec thermal populations (∼0.80 and ∼0.10 keV). We find a bubble age &gt;2.2 Myr, suggesting formation before the current variability. We find evidence for efficient feedback with $P_{\textrm {kin}}/L_{\textrm {bol}}\sim 0.8~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, which may be overestimated given the recent Lbol variation. [O iii] kinematics show a 300 km s−1 high-ionization velocity consistent with disturbed rotation or potentially the line-of-sight component of a ∼780 km s−1 thermal X-ray outflow capable of driving strong shocks to photoionize the precursor material. We explore possibilities to explain the overall jet, radio lobe and EELR misalignment including evidence for a double supermassive black hole which could support a complex misaligned system.
The global mismatch between equitable carbon dioxide removal liability and capacity
Authors: Yang Pu , Mi Zhifu , Wei Yi-Ming , Hanssen Steef V , Liu Lan-Cui , Coffman D’Maris , Sun Xinlu , Liao Hua , Yao Yun-Fei , Kang Jia-Ning , Wang Peng-Tao , Davis Steven J 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Limiting climate change to 1.5°C and achieving net-zero emissions would entail substantial carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere by the mid-century, but how much CDR is needed at country level over time is unclear. The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed description of when and how much CDR is required at country level in order to achieve 1.5°C and how much CDR countries can carry out domestically. We allocate global CDR pathways among 170 countries according to 6 equity principles and assess these allocations with respect to countries’ biophysical and geophysical capacity to deploy CDR. Allocating global CDR to countries based on these principles suggests that CDR will, on average, represent ∼4% of nations’ total emissions in 2030, rising to ∼17% in 2040. Moreover, equitable allocations of CDR, in many cases, exceed implied land and carbon storage capacities. We estimate ∼15% of countries (25) would have insufficient land to contribute an equitable share of global CDR, and ∼40% of countries (71) would have insufficient geological storage capacity. Unless more diverse CDR technologies are developed, the mismatch between CDR liabilities and land-based CDR capacities will lead to global demand for six GtCO2 carbon credits from 2020 to 2050. This demonstrates an imperative demand for international carbon trading of CDR.