bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Charging/Discharging Process in Perovskite Active Light Source for High‐Speed Visible‐Light Communication
Authors: Zhang Haoyue , Tang Yuru , Chen Chen , Xiao Meiqin , Yang Jonghee , Zhang Wei , Qin Chaochao , Xiang Ting , Xu Long , Chen Ping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMetal halide perovskites are promising light source materials for visible light communication (VLC) due to their excellent photoelectric properties and small resistance‐capacitance time constant. However, previous reports mainly used perovskites as the passive light sources, which not only makes it susceptible to posterior excitation light sources, but also complex in the integration process. Herein, the quasi‐2D PEA2Csn‐1PbnBr3n+1 perovskite light–emitting diodes (PeLEDs) as an active light source in VLC link is demonstrated. It is found that the charging/discharging process of PeLEDs is an important factor governing the ‐3 dB bandwidth (f‐3 dB) of the VLC. To improve this, 3‐sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt (SMPS) molecules are introduced into perovskite to simultaneously passivate deep and shallow energy level defects at grain boundaries. Additionally, the multiple quantum wells structures of PEA2Csn‐1PbnBr3n+1 are modified to be flat. At the optimal SMPS concentration, the maximum external quantum efficiency of PeLEDs reaches 21.5%. Meanwhile, the VLC achieves 3.2 MHz f‐3 dB with data transmission of 18.6 Mbps, which is the highest f‐3 dB in PeLEDs with the same active area. Hence, it provides a versatile method to improve the performance of VLC links based on active light sources and advances toward the goal of high‐speed, energy‐efficient and secure free communication.
Polymer Additives with Gas Barrier and Anti‐Aging Properties Made from Asphaltenes via Supercritical Ethanol
Authors: Wu Zulin , Liu Xiangbo , Ma Chao , Du Mingjin , Ding Xiangdong , Xiang Changsheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAsphaltene is often regarded as an undesirable by‐product of petroleum processing, possesses vast reserves with little market value. The typical routes of consuming asphaltene, namely burning and landfilling, pose significant environmental challenges. In this study, low‐value asphaltene is converted into high‐value ethylated carbon clusters (ECC) using a supercritical ethanol technique. The resulting ECC powder demonstrates promising properties for high density polyethylene (HDPE) composite applications. The effects of incorporating ECC on the mechanical, gas barrier, and anti‐aging properties of the composite are investigated. Results show that a 1 wt.% ECC led to a 4.2% and 43.5% increase in tensile strength and elongation at break, a reduction of 45.8% and 30.7% in oxygen and carbon dioxide permeability. Furthermore, ECC exhibits effective UV spectrum absorption and conversion in the wavelength range of 400–600 nm, providing protection against UV spectrum damage to HDPE. The incorporation of ECC not only enhances the properties of polymer composites but also sequesters carbon within the polymer matrix, enabling the valorization of asphaltene while mitigating environmental impact.
Thickness‐Dependence of 2D g‐C3N4 Artificial Interface Layers on Lithium Metal Deposition
Authors: Zhai Pengbo , He Qianqian , Jiang Huaning , Gao Binyin , Zhang Bo , Chen Qian , Yang Zhilin , Wang Tianshuai , Gong Yongji 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConstructing artificial interfacial layers using 2D materials with tunable physicochemical properties is a promising strategy to fabricate high‐performance lithium (Li) metal anodes. However, their structural evolution during solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and the thickness effects on charge transport remain elusive. Herein, 2D g‐C3N4 layers with varied thicknesses are developed on the surface of copper foil to evaluate the thickness effects of artificial SEI on Li metal deposition. It is demonstrated that a thin g‐C3N4 layer (≈2 nm) is rapidly decomposed and fractured under the impact of Li‐ion flux, while a thick g‐C3N4 layer (≈50 nm) impedes the transport of lithium ions and electrons simultaneously, hindering the Li metal deposition underneath. Notably, a g‐C3N4 layer with moderate thickness (≈10 nm) dominates in‐situ generation of stable g‐C3N4/Li3N hybrid artificial SEI and enables fast Li‐ion transport, which induces uniform Li deposition. The lithium electrode protected by the moderate‐thickness g‐C3N4 layer exhibits outstanding cycling stability with a high average Coulombic efficiency of ≈98.92% for over 380 cycles and enables stable cycling of full cell with 50% Li excess and lean electrolyte. This proof‐of‐concept study provides essential guidance for the application of 2D materials in constructing artificial SEI for Li metal anodes.
On a quantum inspired approach to train machine learning models
Authors: Sellier Jean Michel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, a novel technique to train machine learning models is introduced, which is based on digital simulations of certain types of quantum systems. This represents a drastic departure from the standard approach of quantum machine learning which, to this day, is based on the use of actual physical quantum systems. To provide a clear context, the field of quantum inspired machine learning is first provided. Then, we proceed with a detailed description of our proposed method. To conclude, some preliminary, yet compelling, results are presented and discussed. Although at a seminal stage, the author firmly believes that this approach could represent a valid and robust alternative to the way machine learning models are trained today.
Retrospective review of the code status of individuals with Down syndrome during the COVID‐19 era
Authors: Jett Jennifer , Fossi Alexander , Blonsky Heather , Ross Wendy , Townsend Sabra , Stephens Mary M. , Chicoine Brian , Santoro Stephanie L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCode status is a label in the medical record indicating a patient's wishes for end‐of‐life (EOL) care in the event of a cardiopulmonary arrest. People with intellectual disabilities had a higher risk of both diagnosis and mortality from coronavirus infections (COVID‐19) than the general population. Clinicians and disability advocates raised concerns that bias, diagnostic overshadowing, and ableism could impact the allocation of code status and treatment options, for patients with intellectual disabilities, including Down syndrome (DS). To study this, retrospective claims data from the Vizient® Clinical Data Base (used with permission of Vizient, all rights reserved.) of inpatient encounters with pneumonia (PNA) and/or COVID‐19 at 825 hospitals from January 2019 to June 2022 were included. Claims data was analyzed for risk of mortality and risk of “Do Not Resuscitate” (DNR) status upon admission, considering patient age, admission source, Elixhauser comorbidities (excluding behavioral health), and DS. Logistic regression models with backward selection were created. In total, 1,739,549 inpatient encounters with diagnoses of COVID‐19, PNA, or both were included. After controlling for other risk factors, a person with a diagnosis of DS and a diagnosis of COVID‐19 PNA had 6.321 odds ratio of having a DNR status ordered at admission to the hospital compared with those with COVID‐19 PNA without DS. The diagnosis of DS had the strongest association with DNR status after controlling for other risk factors. Open and honest discussions among healthcare professionals to foster equitable approaches to EOL care and code status are needed.
Restitution versus repatriation: Terminology and concepts matter
Authors: Rassool Ciraj , Gibbon Victoria E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionThrough museum collecting practice, the deceased, possessions, plants and animals were turned into objects, removed from their communities and places of origin, and were segregated and divided into museum classificatory systems. In the decolonial work of embarking upon purposeful and proactive acts of return, the terms “repatriation” and “restitution” have often been used interchangeably.ObjectiveTo assess the terminological differences between repatriation and restitution.MethodsHere, we critically discuss the politics of these terms and present an argument for restitution as restitutionary work.ResultsRepatriation refers to the legal, administrative and logistical matters of returning across national borders. However, restitution is a preferred concept highlighting deeper meanings of return to the proper owner, with restitutionary work being time‐consuming, emotional, often painful, enriching acts of restoration, and transitional justice. Restitution is about the embodiment and empowerment of choice over all aspects of the return.ConclusionHere, we argue that terminology matters. While restitution may involve repatriation, repatriation is not a substitute for acts of restoration embodied in restitutionary work.
Time to Disability Milestones and Annualized Relapse Rates in NMOSD and MOGAD
Authors: Duchow Ankelien , Bellmann‐Strobl Judith , Friede Tim , Aktas Orhan , Angstwurm Klemens , Ayzenberg Ilya , Berthele Achim , Dawin Eva , Engels Daniel , Fischer Katinka , Flaskamp Martina , Giglhuber Katrin , Grothe Matthias , Havla Joachim , Hümmert Martin W. , Jarius Sven , Kaste Matthias , Kern Peter , Kleiter Ingo , Klotz Luisa , Korporal‐Kuhnke Mirjam , Kraemer Markus , Krumbholz Markus , Kümpfel Tania , Lohmann Lisa , Ringelstein Marius , Rommer Paulus , Schindler Patrick , Schubert Charlotte , Schwake Carolin , Senel Makbule , Then Bergh Florian , Tkachenko Daria , Tumani Hayrettin , Trebst Corinna , Vardakas Ioannis , Walter Annette , Warnke Clemens , Weber Martin S. , Wickel Jonathan , Wildemann Brigitte , Winkelmann Alexander , Paul Friedemann , Stellmann Jan‐Patrick , Häußler Vivien ,   the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS)
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate accumulation of disability in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein‐antibody‐associated disease (MOGAD) in a changing treatment landscape. We aimed to identify risk factors for the development of disability milestones in relation to disease duration, number of attacks, and age.MethodsWe analyzed data from individuals with NMOSD and MOGAD from the German Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group registry. Applying survival analyses, we estimated risk factors and computed time to disability milestones as defined by the Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS).ResultsWe included 483 patients: 298 AQP4‐IgG+ NMOSD, 52 AQP4‐IgG−/MOG‐IgG− NMOSD patients, and 133 patients with MOGAD. Despite comparable annualized attack rates, disability milestones occurred earlier and after less attacks in NMOSD patients than MOGAD patients (median time to EDSS 3: AQP4‐IgG+ NMOSD 7.7 (95% CI 6.6–9.6) years, AQP4‐IgG−/MOG‐IgG− NMOSD 8.7) years, MOGAD 14.1 (95% CI 10.4–27.6) years; EDSS 4: 11.9 (95% CI 9.7–14.7), 11.6 (95% lower CI 7.6) and 20.4 (95% lower CI 14.1) years; EDSS 6: 20.1 (95% CI 16.5–32.1), 20.7 (95% lower CI 11.6), and 37.3 (95% lower CI 29.4) years; and EDSS 7: 34.2 (95% lower CI 31.1) for AQP4‐IgG+ NMOSD). Higher age at onset increased the risk for all disability milestones, while risk of disability decreased over time.InterpretationAQP4‐IgG+ NMOSD, AQP4‐IgG−/MOG‐IgG− NMOSD, and MOGAD patients show distinctive relapse‐associated disability progression, with MOGAD having a less severe disease course. Investigator‐initiated research has led to increasing awareness and improved treatment strategies appearing to ameliorate disease outcomes for NMOSD and MOGAD. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:720–732
Magnetostatic Field Induced by Mechanical Deformations
Authors: Yamamoto Kei , Maekawa Sadamichi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA general expression for the magnetostatic field generated by mechanical deformations to a ferromagnetic material in the continuum description is derived. Linearization with respect to the displacement vector is shown to be well defined. To demonstrate the use of the formulation, two examples are discussed. First, a complete derivation of the magneto‐rotation coupling for a uniformly magnetized film is given. Second, the lowest asymmetric mode of Lamb waves propagating through a magnetic vortex is shown to induce an in‐plane magnetostatic field localized around the vortex core.
Fast Reaction Kinetics and Commendable Low‐Temperature Adaptability of Zinc Batteries Enabled by Aprotic Water‐Acetamide Symbiotic Solvation Sheath
Authors: Wang Shuyun , Chen Shengmei , Ying Yiran , Li Gang , Wang Haipeng , Cheung Ka Kiu Keith , Meng Qingjun , Huang Haitao , Ma Longtao , Zapien Juan Antonio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries are cost effectiveness, intrinsicly safe, and high activity, they are also known for bringing rampant hydrogen evolution reaction and corrosion. While eutectic electrolytes can effectively eliminate these issues, its high viscosity severely reduces the mobility of Zn2+ ions and exhibits poor temperature adaptability. Here, we infuse acetamide molecules with Lewis base and hydrogen bond donors into a solvated shell of Zn[(H2O)6]2+ to create Zn(H2O)3(ace)(BF4)2. The viscosity of 1ace‐1H2O is 0.032 Pa s, significantly lower than that of 1ace‐0H2O (995.6 Pa s), which improves ionic conductivity (9.56 mS cm−1) and shows lower freezing point of −45 °C, as opposed to 1ace‐0H2O of 4.04 mS cm−1 and 12 °C, respectively. The acidity of 1ace‐1H2O is ≈2.8, higher than 0ace‐1H2O at ≈0.76, making side reactions less likely. Furthermore, benefiting from the ZnCO3/ZnF2‐rich organic/inorganic solid electrolyte interface, the Zn || Zn cells cycle more than 1300 hours at 1 mA cm−2, and the Zn || Cu operated over 1800 cycles with an average Coulomb efficiency of ≈99.8 %. The Zn || PANI cell cycled over 8500 cycles, with a specific capacity of 99.8 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 at room temperature, and operated at −40 °C with a capacity of 66.8 mAh g−1.
The isolated elliptical galaxy NGC 5812–MOND or dark matter?
Authors: Richtler Tom , Salinas Ricardo , Lane Richard , Hilker Michael 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThere exist isolated elliptical galaxies, whose dynamics can be modeled without resorting to dark matter or MOND, for example, NGC 7507. Such objects lack understanding within the current framework of galaxy formation. The isolated elliptical NGC 5812 is another object to investigate a possible role of isolation. We use globular clusters (GCs) and the galaxy light itself as dynamical tracers to constrain its mass profile. We employ Gemini/GMOS mask spectroscopy, apply the GMOS reduction procedures provided within IRAF, measure GC velocities by cross correlation methods and extract the line‐of‐sight kinematics of galaxy spectra using the tool pPXF. We identify 28 GCs with an outermost galactocentric distance of 20 kpc, for which velocities could be obtained. Furthermore, 16 spectra of the integrated galaxy light out to 6 kpc have been used to model the central kinematics. These spectra provide evidence for a disturbed velocity field, which is plausible given the disturbed morphology of the galaxy. We construct spherical Jeans models for the galaxy light and apply tracer mass estimators for the globular clusters. With the assumptions inherent to the mass estimators, MOND is compatible with the mass out to 20 kpc. However, a dark matter free galaxy is not excluded, given the uncertainties related to a possible nonsphericity and a possible nonequilibrium state. We find one globular cluster with an estimated mass of , the first Ultra Compact Dwarf in an isolated elliptical. We put NGC 5812 into the general context of dark matter or alternative ideas in elliptical galaxies. The case for a MONDian phenomenology also among early‐type galaxies has become so strong that deviating cases appear astrophysically more interesting than agreements. The baryonic Tully Fisher relation (BTFR) as predicted by MOND is observed in some samples of early‐type galaxies, in others not. However, in cases of galaxies that deviate from the MONDian prediction, data quality and data completeness are often problematic.
The branch‐cut quantum gravity with a self‐coupling inflation scalar field: Dynamical equations
Authors: Weber Fridolin , Hess Peter O. , Bodmann Benno , de Freitas Pacheco José , Hadjimichef Dimiter , Marzola Marcelo , Naysinger Geovane , Razeira Moisés , Zen Vasconcellos César A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on the implications of the recently developed commutative formulation based on branch‐cutting cosmology, the Wheeler–DeWitt equation, and Hořava–Lifshitz quantum gravity. Assuming a mini‐superspace of variables, we explore the impact of an inflaton‐type scalar field on the dynamical equations that describe the trajectories evolution of the scale factor of the Universe, characterized by the dimensionless helix‐like function . This scale factor characterizes a Riemannian foliated spacetime that topologically overcomes the big bang and big crunch singularities. Taking the Hořava–Lifshitz action as our starting point, which depends on the scalar curvature of the branched Universe and its derivatives, with running coupling constants denoted as , the commutative quantum gravity approach preserves the diffeomorphism property of General Relativity, maintaining compatibility with the Arnowitt–Deser–Misner formalism. We investigate both chaotic and nonchaotic inflationary scenarios, demonstrating the sensitivity of the branch‐cut Universe's dynamics to initial conditions and parameterizations of primordial matter content. The results suggest a continuous connection of Riemann surfaces, overcoming primordial singularities and exhibiting diverse evolutionary behaviors, from big crunch to moderate acceleration.
Exclusive production of ground and excited light vector mesons with a holographic wave function model
Authors: Henkels Cheryl 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe exclusive photo‐ and electroproduction of light vector mesons like and is studied in collisions within the color dipole formalism with vector meson wave functions obtained using the AdS/QCD holographic approach. This setup provides a good description of the existing data for the ground vector mesons and permits us to make predictions for the corresponding excited states. The results show significant theoretical uncertainties related to modeling the partial dipole amplitude, which can be constrained with upcoming measurements in future hadron colliders.
CHRND variant in a paternally inherited esophageal atresia and tracheoesophgageal fistula: Report of a case
Authors: Soyer Tutku , Boybeyi Özlem , Karaosmanoğlu Beren , Taşkıran Ekim , Şimşek Özlem Pelin , Utine Gülen Eda 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe familial occurrence of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (EA‐TEF) is very rare and the genetic basis behind the isolated familial cases have not been identified. A male infant born with EA‐TEF and his affected father were evaluated with whole genome sequence to define a genetic causative variation in paternally inherited EA‐TEF.Case ReportA male infant was born to 29‐years‐old, gravida 1, para 1 women by normal vaginal delivery. The patient was diagnosed as Type‐C EA‐TEF. In his family history, his father was also operated for EA‐TEF during neonatal period. He had no associated anomaly despite patent foramen ovale. Genomic DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood of the patient and the father. When causative genes responsible for EA‐TEF were filtered out, four different variants in NOTCH2, SAMD9, SUPT20H and CHRND were found. Except the variant found in CHRND (NM_000751.2, c.381C>G, p.(Tyr127Ter)), other three variants were not found to be segregated with the father who has EA‐TEF also. This nonsense variant was not found in GnomAD database.ConclusionCHRND variant found in both EA‐TEF patient and his affected father suggest that CHRND variant might possibly be considered as one of the causative genetic variants in familial isolated EA‐TEF patients.
Directed evolution of Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenase for highly secretory expressed in Pichia pastoris and efficient preparation of chiral pyrazole sulfoxide
Authors: Qin Peng , Lu Xin‐Yi , Xu Jian‐He , Yu Hui‐Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is a highly distinguished expression platform for the excellent synthesis of various heterologous proteins in recent years. With the advantages of high‐density fermentation, P. pastoris can produce gram amounts of recombinant proteins. While not every protein of interest can be expressed to such high titers, such as Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) (AcPSMO) which is responsible for pyrazole sulfide asymmetric oxidation. In this work, an excellent yeast expression system was established to facilitate efficient AcPSMO expression, which exhibited 9.5‐fold enhanced secretion. Subsequently, an ultrahigh throughput screening method based on fluorescence‐activated cell sorting by fusing super folder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) in the C‐terminal of AcPSMO was developed, and directed evolution was performed. The protein expression level of the superior mutant AcPSMOP1 (S58T/T252P/E336N/H456D) reached 84.6 mg/L at 100 mL shaking flask, which was 4.7 times higher than the levels obtained with the wild‐type. Finally, the optimized chassis cells were used for high‐density fermentation on a 5‐L scale, and AcPSMOP1 protein yield of 3.4 g/L was achieved, representing approximately 85% of the total protein secreted. By directly employing the pH‐adjusted supernatant as a biocatalyst, 20 g/L pyrmetazole sulfide was completely transformed into the corresponding (S)‐sulfoxide, with a 78.8% isolated yield. This work confers dramatic benefits for efficient secretion of other BVMOs in P. pastoris.
Long‐term outcomes after coronary intervention with biodegradable polymer stents in patients with acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Noori Manijeh , Christiansen Evald Høj , Raungaard Bent , Junker Anders , Christensen Martin Kirk , Kahlert Johnny , Maeng Michael , Freeman Phillip , Hansen Kirstine Nørregaard , Terkelsen Christian Juhl , Ellert‐Gregersen Julia , Kristensen Steen Dalby , Veien Karsten Tange , Jakobsen Lars , Jensen Lisette Okkels 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) may have worse outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention compared to patients without ACS.AimsTo compare 5‐year efficacy and safety outcomes in patients with and without ACS treated with biodegradable polymers, the ultrathin strut sirolimus‐eluting Orsiro stent (O‐SES) or the biolimus‐eluting Nobori stent (N‐BES).MethodsThe Scandinavian Organisation for Randomized Trials with Clinical Outcome VII is a randomized trial comparing O‐SES and N‐BES in an all‐comer setting. Of 2525 patients, 1329 (53%) patients had ACS and 1196 (47%) patients were without ACS. Endpoints were target lesion failure (TLF) (a composite of cardiac death, target lesion myocardial infarction, or target lesion revascularization) and definite stent thrombosis within 5 years.ResultsAt 5‐year follow‐up, TLF did not differ significantly between patients with and without ACS (12.3% vs. 13.2%; rate ratio (RR) 1.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.70–1.44), whereas the risk of definite stent thrombosis was increased in patients with ACS (2.3% vs. 1.3; RR: 2.01 [95% CI: 1.01–3.98]). In patients with ACS, the rate of TLF was similar between O‐SES and N‐BES (12.4% vs. 12.3%; RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.74–1.40). The reduced risk of definite stent thrombosis in O‐SES treated ACS patients within the first year (0.2% vs. 1.6%; RR: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02–0.93) was not maintained after 5 years (1.8% vs. 2.7%; RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.37–1.63).ConclusionPatients with ACS had an increased risk of stent thrombosis regardless of the stent type used. Long‐term outcomes were similar for ACS patients treated with O‐SES or N‐BES at 5 years.