bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alimentary lymphoma in cats: 28 cases (1988-1993)
Authors: Mahony Orla M. , Moore Antony S. , Cotter Susan M. , Engler Stephen J. , Brown Donald , Penninck Dominique G. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To evaluate response to chemotherapy in cats with alimentary lymphoma and to determine factors associated with survival time.

Design
Retrospective case series.

Animals
28 cats with alimentary lymphoma that underwent chemotherapy.

Results
In all cats, the diagnosis had been established by means of cytologic or histologic examination of ultrasound-guided aspirates and biopsy specimens (18 cats), histologic examination of surgically obtained biopsy specimens (7 cats), or examination of specimens obtained endoscopically (3 cats). Clinical signs included anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea. Twenty-seven cats were treated with vincristine sulfate, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone; 1 was treated with chlorambucil and prednisone. Survival time ranged from 2 to 2,120 days (median, 50 days). Nine cats achieved complete remission (remission time ranged from 30 to 1,700 days; median, 213 days), 2 achieved partial remission, and 17 failed to respond to chemotherapy. Sex, FeLV status, hematocrit, serum total protein concentration, site and extent of gastrointestinal involvement, and clinical stage were not found to be associated with survival time.

Clinical Implications
Cats with alimentary lymphoma are poorly responsive to treatment with vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone; however, a small subset of cats may have long survival times.
Evaluation of the pathogenesis of vagus indigestion in cows with traumatic reticuloperitonitis
Authors: Rehage Jürgen , Kaske Martin , Stockhofe-Zurwieden Norbert , Yalcin Erdogan 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To evaluate the functional importance of impaired reticular contractions attributable to inflammatory adhesions in the pathogenesis of vagus indigestion in cows with traumatic reticuloperitonitis (
trp).

Design
Case control study.

Animals
42 dairy cows with
trp were compared with 10 healthy control cows. Cows with
trp were assigned to 3 groups: cows with uncomplicated
trp (n = 15), cows with
trp and a disturbance of digesta passage through the reticular-omasal orifice (
trp-ad; n = 17), and cows with
trp and a disturbance of digesta passage through the pylorus (
trp-pd; n = 10).

Procedure
Cows were evaluated, using routine clinical methods, biochemical analysis of blood and ruminal fluid samples, exploratory rumenotomy, and postmortem examination.

Results
Damage of thoracic and abdominal parts of the main vagal branches were not evident in cows with
trp. Parareticular inflammatory adhesions were more extensive in cows with
trp-ad and in cows with
trp-pd than in cows with uncomplicated
trp. Reticular motility was decreased in cows with
trp-ad and
trp-pd, compared with cows with uncomplicated
trp and control cows. In contrast to cows with uncomplicated
trp and cows with
trp-ad, the abomasum was impacted with large amounts of long fibrous material in most of the cows with
trp-pd.

Clinical Implications
We believe that disturbances of digesta passage in cows with
trp represent distinct stages of a common pathogenetic course. The primary disease mechanism was a disturbance in particle-separating processes in the reticulum/rumen attributable to mechanical inhibition of reticular motility that was the result of extensive inflammatory parareticular adhesions.
Comparison of passive immunoglobulin transfer to dairy calves fed colostrum or commercially available colostral-supplement products
Authors: Garry F. B. , Adams R. , Cattell M. B. , Dinsmore R. P. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To compare the efficacy of 3 commercially available colostral-supplement products with that of natural bovine colostrum in providing immunoglobulins for passive transfer and disease protection.

Design
Prospective randomized control trial.

Animals
47 neonatal female Holstein calves from unassisted, observed births. Calves were vigorous, stood within 90 minutes of birth, and did not suckle their dams.

Procedure
Calves were fed 2 L of colostrum or a colostral-supplement product within 2 hours after birth and again prior to 12 hours of age. Serum IgG concentrations were measured at 24 and 48 hours after parturition, and apparent percentage of absorption for the colostrum and for each product was calculated. Prevalence of disease in all 4 groups of calves during the first 30 days of life was compared.

Results
Calves fed natural bovine colostrum (group 1) had highest serum IgG concentrations (range, 12.4 to 31.6 mg/ml) at 24 hours after birth, whereas serum IgG concentrations in calves fed colostral products ranged from 1.9 to 8.6 mg/ml. Values for apparent percentage absorption of colostral IgG in group-1 calves was 3 times that of calves fed colostral products. Group-1 calves had significantly (P < 0.05) fewer episodes of disease during the first 30 days of life, compared with calves fed colostral-supplement products.

Clinical Implications
Commercially available colostral-supplement products are less efficient at providing immunoglobulin transfer and disease protection to newborn calves, compared with bovine colostrum, even when fed at equal volume and similar immunoglobulin concentration.
Laparoscopic surgical approach and anatomy of the abdomen in llamas
Authors: Anderson David E. , Gaughan Earl M. , Baird A. N. , Lin Hui-Chu , Pugh D. G. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To describe 3 laparoscopic approaches for, and the normal laparoscopic anatomy of, the abdomen in adult llamas and to evaluate the effects of laparoscopy in those llamas.

Design
Prospective clinical trial.

Animals
Six adult castrated male llamas.

Procedure
After induction of general anesthesia, 3 surgical approaches to the abdomen were performed: left paralumbar, ventral midline, and right paralumbar. The abdomen was systematically examined, and anatomic features described. After recovery from anesthesia, all llamas were examined daily for 10 days and CBC was repeated 24, 72, and 120 hours after laparoscopy.

Results
Laparoscopy was successfully performed in all llamas by use of the ventral midline and right paralumbar approaches. The laparoscope was inadvertently placed into the left retroperitoneal space in 1 of the 6 llamas when the left paralumbar approach was used. Also, hemorrhage into the abdomen limited the view from the left side in another llama. Various approaches allowed viewing of the first and third forestomach compartments, liver, spleen, kidneys, small intestine, ileum, proximal loop of the ascending colon, spiral colon, and urinary bladder. Postoperative findings included subcutaneous emphysema and edema. Mean WBC count peaked 24 hours after surgery (mean, 23,500 cells/μl). Generally, neutrophil count increased and lymphocyte count decreased during the 120 hours after surgery.

Clinical Implications
Laparoscopy may be used for differentiation of medical and surgical lesions in the abdomen of llamas. The site for laparoscopy should be chosen on the basis of the most likely site of the suspected lesion.
Fatal musculoskeletal injuries incurred during racing and training in Thoroughbreds
Authors: Estberg Leah , Stover Susan M. , Gardner Ian A. , Johnson Bill J. , Case James T. , Ardans Alex , Read Deryck H. , Anderson Mark L. , Barr Bradd C. , Daft Barbara M. , Kinde Hailu , Moore Janet , Stoltz James , Woods Leslie W. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To characterize and contrast data from Thoroughbreds that incurred a fatal musculoskeletal injury (
fmi; injury resulting in death or euthanasia) during racing or training and data from all California race entrants during a 9-month period in 1991.

Design
Case-control study.

Animals
Thoroughbreds that incurred a
fmi during racing or training at a California race-meet and all California race entrants from January through June and October through December 1991.

Procedure
Age and sex were compared with χ2 and Fisher's exact tests among horses fatally injured while racing and training. A log-linear model was fit to assess the relationship between race-meet and age and sex of California race entrants. Incidence risk of racing
fmi was estimated per 1,000 race entrants, and the relationship between the occurrence of
fmi during racing with race-meet, age, and sex was evaluated by logistic regression.

Results
Injury type and sex-specific age distributions differed among the horses fatally injured during racing and training. Age and sex distributions of the race entrants were not independent and varied among race-meets. Overall incidence risk of racing
fmi was estimated at 1.7/1,000 race entrants. Risk of racing
fmi in male horses was about twofold that in female horses, and in 4-year-olds was twofold that in 3-year-olds.

Clinical Implications
Age- and sex-related differences in risk of incurring a
fmi during racing should be considered when comparing fatal injury rates among race-meets.
Stability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the presence of fomites commonly found on farms
Authors: Pirtle Eugene C. , Beran George W. 
Published: December 2023

Objective—
To determine the survival of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on nonliving substances (fomites) at 25 to 27 C.

Design—
Prospective controlled study.

Sample Population—
3 solid, 6 porous, and 7 liquid fomites.

Procedure—
The fomites were contaminated with known concentrations of PRRSV. Samples for virus isolation were obtained on day 0 through day 11, assayed in cell cultures, and stained with fluorescent antibody conjugate.

Results—
The virus was recovered only on day-0 samples of alfalfa, wood shavings, straw, plastic, boot rubber, and stainless steel. Virus was isolated from city water through day 11, from well water through day 9, and from 2 buffer solutions for 4 and 6 days. The virus was isolated only on day 0 from swine saliva, urine, and fecal slurry.

Clinical Implications—
Results indicated that PRRSV is a fairly labile virus, but because of its duration of viability in water, contamination of drinking water and lagoons by PRRSV-shedding swine would serve as sources of virus to infect susceptible swine. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:390-392)
A rapid method for determination of blood glucose concentration in cattle
Authors: Roeder Beverly L. , Schaalje G. Bruce , Kelly E. Jane , Clark F. Dustan 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine an accurate rapid method for determination of blood glucose concentration in cattle under field conditions.

Design
Prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Animals
62 clinically normal Holstein cattle: 34 cows and 28 calves.

Procedure
Glucose concentrations in venous blood samples were measured in duplicate using a rapid, dryslide chemistry technique for determination of blood glucose concentration and a laboratory-based method for determination of plasma glucose concentration. Analyses of variance were used to determine whether the relationship between results of the 2 methods was affected by the status of the animals (cows vs calves) or the PCV of the blood samples. Simple linear regression was performed to determine the correlation between the 2 methods and the slope, intercept, and residual error variance of the relationship between the methods.

Results
There was a significant linear relationship between the 2 methods throughout the range of glucose concentrations. Mean difference between results of the 2 methods (results for laboratory-based method – results for rapid method) was 12.95 mg/dl (SD, 7.20 mg/dl). The PCV did not affect the relationship, and there was no difference between results of the 2 methods for cows versus calves. Correlation between means of the duplicative values determined by use of the 2 methods was high (r = 0.9462).

Clinical Implications
The good correlation between the 2 procedures and the comparable precision estimates (coefficient of variation, 7.17% for laboratory-based method; coefficient of variation, 10.11 % for rapid method) indicates that using the rapid method to measure blood glucose concentration is valid in cows and calves. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:707–710)
Financial evaluation of vaccination and testing alternatives for control of parvovirus-induced reproductive failure in swine
Authors: Gardner Ian A. , Carpenter Tim E. , Leontides Leonidas , Parsons Thomas D. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To identify the preferable testing and vaccination strategy for control of porcine parvovirus (PPV) during a 6-month period.

Design
Decision-tree analysis and computer simulations.

Sample Population
Computer modeling of 300-sow farrow-to-finish herd.

Procedure
Serologic testing of 30 females to estimate herd PPV prevalence versus not testing any females was the initial decision alternative. On the basis of serologic test results, herds were classified into 1 of 3 PPV-risk categories: low (≥ 80% seropositive females), moderate (40 to < 80% seropositive females), or high (< 40% seropositive females). Vaccinating all females, only gilts, or not vaccinating was the second decision alternative.

Results
For initial model assumptions (test sensitivity and specificity = 0.95; test cost = $5/female; vaccination cost = $0.30/dose; vaccination efficacy = 0.95; and foregone gross margin = $10.85/pig), vaccination of all females (with or without serologic testing) was preferable, but the financially preferable option was to omit serologic testing. Most profitable vaccination option varied with foregone gross margin, vaccination cost, and efficacy. For herds in which all sows were known to be immune, vaccinating only gilts was financially preferable, and serologic testing was not warranted. Variation in expected monetary losses was less in vaccination options than with nonvaccination.

Clinical Implications
For most herds in the United States, serologic screening for PPV prior to selection of a vaccination program is unlikely to be cost-effective, because vaccination is inexpensive ($0.30/dose) and effective (95%). At current profit margins ($10.85/pig), vaccination of all females has the least-risk and is the preferred option.
Epidemiologic study of decubital ulcers in sows
Authors: Davies Peter R. , Morrow W. E. Morgan , Miller Dale C. , Deen John 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine prevalence and risk factors for decubital ulcers of the shoulder in sows.

Design
Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Sample population
All females of breeding age in a large confinement swine facility.

Procedure
1,916 females were examined for lesions of the skin over the tuber of the spine of the scapula and for body condition scoring. Observational data were combined with sow data (parity, date of farrowing, litter size) contained in computerized records.

Results
Decubital ulcers were observed in 8.3% of females, predominantly lactating sows. Ulcer prevalence was strongly associated with time after farrowing. Lesions apparently healed rapidly after weaning. Ulcer prevalence was associated with low body condition scores, but was not associated with parity.

Implications
Decubital ulcers are a multifactorial condition. Housing on concrete floors per se did not result in ulcers. Prolonged recumbency during parturition, reduced activity in early lactation, periparturient illness, thin body condition, moist skin, and floor type are potential risk factors. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:1058–1062)
Prognosis for return to racing after recovery from infectious pleuropneumonia in Thoroughbred racehorses: 70 cases (1984–1989)
Authors: Seltzer Krista L. , Byars T. Douglas 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine the percentage of Thoroughbred racehorses that would be capable of racing performance after recovery from infectious pleuropneumonia.

Design
Retrospective case series.

Animals
70 Thoroughbred horses that had recovered from pleuropneumonia. Only horses ≤ 5 years old and horses > 5 years old known to be in race training at the time of illness were included in the study.

Results
Forty-three of the 70 (61%) horses raced after recovery, and 24 of the 43 (56%) won at least 1 race. Horses that required placement of an indwelling thoracic drain apparently did not have a worse prognosis than did horses that did not require placement of a drain. The prognosis for racing for horses that developed pleuropneumonia-associated complications (pulmonary abscess, cranial thoracic mass, bronchopleural fistula) was worse than the prognosis for horses that did not develop these complications. Duration of hospitalization was not considered indicative of outcome.

Clinical Implications
In Thoroughbreds, the prognosis for return to racing after recovery from uncomplicated pleuropneumonia appears to be good. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:1295–1296)
Prevalence of lesions associated with subclinical laminitis in first-lactation cows from herds with high milk production
Authors: Smilie R. H. , Hoblet K. H. , Weiss W. P. , Eastridge M. L. , Rings D. M. , Schnitkey G. L. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine prevalence of lesions associated with subclinical laminitis in first-lactation Holstein cows during early lactation and pregnant Holstein heifers during late gestation in herds with high milk production.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Animals
203 cattle in 13 herds.

Procedure
Cattle were placed in lateral recumbency to allow visual examination and photography of their hooves. Claws on a forelimb and hind limb were examined on all cattle. Observable categories of lesions considered to be associated with subclinical laminitis in our study included yellow waxy discoloration of the sole, hemorrhage of the sole, separation of the white line, and erosion of the heel.

Results
Lesions in at least 1 of the categories were found in all herds. Lesions in all categories were found in 11 of 13 herds. Among claws, hemorrhage of the sole was observed most frequently in the lateral claw of the hoof of the hind limb. When days in milk was treated as a covariate, significant (P < 0.01) differences were detected in the prevalence of lesions between herds.

Clinical Implications
Because the prevalence of lesions differed significantly among herds, it is logical to believe that causative factors and corrective measures also may have differed among herds. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:1445-1451)
Coronavirus isolation from nasal swab samples in cattle with signs of respiratory tract disease after shipping
Authors: Storz J. , Stine L. , Liem A. , Anderson G. A. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To monitor the prevailing viral respiratory tract infections in cattle after transportation to feedlots.
Animals
100 cattle with signs of respiratory tract disease on arrival at 2 feedlots.
Procedures
Nasal swab samples were obtained from each animal and were used for inoculation of defined cell culture systems that detected bovine viruses known to cause respiratory tract infections, as well as viruses previously not recognized as respiratory pathogens for cattle.
Results
Bovine respiratory coronaviruses were isolated from 38 of the 100 cattle, including 6 of 50 cattle from California, 22 of 31 cattle from Oklahoma, 6 of 11 cattle from Texas, and 4 of 8 cattle of unknown origin. Parainfluenza 3 viruses also were isolated from 4 California cattle, but other bovine viruses were not detected.
Clinical Implications
The high rate of coronavirus isolations from feedlot cattle with signs of respiratory tract disease implied wide distribution and high susceptibility among cattle to this infection, which had not been detected by use of viral isolation systems in previous etiologic evaluations of feedlot cattle affected with bovine respiratory disease complex. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996; 208:1452-1455)
Effect of aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide antacid and bismuth subsalicylate on gastric pH in horses
Authors: Clark C. K. , Merritt A. M. , Burrow J. A. , Steible C. K. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To assess the effect of aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide antacid and bismuth subsalicylate on gastric pH in clinically normal horses and to develop guidelines on the use of these agents for treatment of peptic ulcer disease in horses.

Design
Prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Animals
5 clinically normal adult horses with chronically implanted gastric cannulas.

Procedure
Each horse received all 5 treatments (30 g of aluminum hydroxide/15 g of magnesium hydroxide, 12 g of aluminum hydroxide/6 g of magnesium hydroxide, 10.5 g of bismuth subsalicylate, 26.25 g of bismuth subsalicylate, and 5% methylcellulose control) with only 1 experiment performed each day. Gastric pH was measured via a glass electrode inserted through the gastric cannula for 1 hour before treatment and continued for 2 hours after treatment. Food or water was not given to the horses during the experiment. Measurements of gastric pH obtained during posttreatment hours were compared with pretreatment gastric pH values.

Results
Only a dose of 30 g of aluminum hydroxide/ 15 g of magnesium hydroxide resulted in a significant increase in gastric pH over baseline or control values. Mean pH was 5.2 ± 0.62 and 4.59 ± 0.48 for posttreatment hours 1 and 2, respectively.

Clinical Implications
Oral administration of 30 g of aluminum hydroxide/15 g of magnesium hydroxide to adult horses should result in a mean hourly gastric pH ≥ 4.0 for at least 2 hours. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:1687-1691)
Epidemiologic evaluation of encephalitic listeriosis in goats
Authors: Johnson Gayle Christy , Maddox Carol Wolfgang , Fales William Harold , Wolff William Allmond , Randle Richard Fox , Ramos Jose Antonio , Schwartz Helen , Heise Kim Michele , Baetz Albert Lewis , Wesley Irene Varelas , Wagner Dean Edward 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To evaluate host and environmental factors associated with the development of encephalitic listeriosis in goats.

Design
Retrospective analysis of diagnostic laboratory records and survey of veterinarians and goat producers.

Sample Population
355 goat herds accessible through laboratory records; 38 veterinarians who treated goats and 76 goat producers.

Procedure
Data regarding breed and use for goats affected with encephalitic listeriosis were obtained from surveys and case follow-up information. Listeria monocytogenes isolates from the brains of 7 affected goats were serotyped and subjected to DNA restriction analysis.

Results
Odds ratio for the development of encephalitis listeriosis in Angora (mohair-producing) goats was 22.9 by use of diagnostic laboratory records. Surveys also revealed a high prevalence in herds of Angora and other breeds that subsisted on woody browse, although Angora goats feeding predominantly on hay or pasture were not affected. Listeria monocytogenes isolates from 4 Angora goats in 3 herds differed in DNA restriction patterns, although the pattern was identical in 3 other goats from another herd.

Clinical Implications
Encephalitic listeriosis can be observed in all goat breeds, but a lifestyle of heavy browse consumption seems important to the development of disease in some herds. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:1695-1699)