bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic analysis of the serum and urine of rats exposed to diazinon, dimethoate, and cypermethrin alone or in combination
Authors: Liang Yu-Jie , Long Ding-Xin , Wang Shanshan , Wang Hui-Ping , Wu Yi-Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Multiple pesticides are often used in combination for plant protection and public health. Therefore, it is important to analyze the physiological changes induced by multiple pesticides exposure. The objective of this study was to investigate the combined toxicity of the widely-used organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides diazinon, dimethoate, and cypermethrin.

Methods
Male Wistar rats were administrated by gavage once daily with the three pesticides individual or in combination for consecutive 28 days. The metabolic components of serum and urine samples were detected by using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics method. Histopathological examination of liver and kidneys and serum biochemical determination were also carried out.

Results
The results showed that after the 28-day subacute exposure, serum glutamic transaminase and albumin were significantly increased and blood urea nitrogen was significantly decreased in the rats exposed to the mixture of the pesticides compared with the control rats, suggesting that the co-exposure impaired liver and kidney function. Metabolomics analysis indicated that the indicators 14 metabolites were statistically significant altered in the rats after the exposure of the pesticides. The increase in 3-hydroxybutyric acid in urine or decrease of lactate and N-acetyl-L-cysteine in serum could be a potentially sensitive biomarker of the subchronic combined effects of the three insecticides. The reduction level of 2-oxoglutarate and creatinine in urine may be indicative of dysfunction of liver and kidneys.

Conclusion
In summary, the exposure of rats to pesticides diazinon, dimethoate, and cypermethrin could cause disorder of lipid and amino acid metabolism, induction of oxidative stress, and dysfunction of liver and kidneys, which contributes to the understanding of combined toxic effects of the pesticides revealed by using the metabolomics analysis of the urine and serum profiles.
Genetic prediction of antihyperglycemic drug targets and risk of epilepsy: a mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Zhou Kaiping , Yang Huan , Xie Zhihao , Wang Weiping , Qu Zhenzhen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA connection between diabetes and an increased risk of epilepsy has been suggested by observational studies. Animal studies have also shown that antihyperglycemic drugs can improve seizures. However, it is unclear whether antihyperglycemic drugs have a causal role in epilepsy in humans. To investigate this potential causal relationship, a Mendelian randomisation study was conducted using International League Against Epilepsy data as the discovery set and FinnGen data as the replication set. It was discovered that three antidiabetic drug target genes, ETFDH, CYP21A2 and CYP2D6, were involved in the occurrence of epilepsy. In particular, ETFDH was identified as a target gene in both the discovery set (inverse variance weighting [IVW], odds ratio [OR] = 1.018, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.004–1.033, p = 0.009) and replication set (IVW, OR = 1.074, 95% CI, 1.034–1.114, p = 0.00016), and CYP21A2 was identified in the discovery set (IVW, OR = 1.029, 95% CI, 1.005–1.053, p = 0.016) and replication set (IVW, OR = 1.057, 95% CI, 1.001–1.116, p = 0.045) as having a causal association with an increased risk of epilepsy. Conversely, the CYP2D6 gene was found to be a protective factor for epilepsy in both the discovery set (IVW, OR = 0.0984, 95% CI, 0.969–0.998, p = 0.025) and replication set (IVW, OR = 0.977, 95% CI, 0.955–1.000, p = 0.046). A search of DrugBank revealed that metformin, an anti-glucose drug, is an inhibitor of the ETFDH gene and may have a potential therapeutic effect on epilepsy.
Instance segmentation on distributed deep learning big data cluster
Authors: Elhmadany Mohammed , Elmadah Islam , Abdelmunim Hossam E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDistributed deep learning is a promising approach for training and deploying large and complex deep learning models. This paper presents a comprehensive workflow for deploying and optimizing the YOLACT instance segmentation model as on big data clusters. OpenVINO, a toolkit known for its high-speed data processing and ability to optimize deep learning models for deployment on a variety of devices, was used to optimize the YOLACT model. The model is then run on a big data cluster using BigDL, a distributed deep learning library for Apache Spark. BigDL provides a high-level programming interface for defining and training deep neural networks, making it suitable for large-scale deep learning applications. In distributed deep learning, input data is divided and distributed across multiple machines for parallel processing. This approach offers several advantages, including the ability to handle very large data that can be stored in a distributed manner, scalability to decrease processing time by increasing the number of workers, and fault tolerance. The proposed workflow was evaluated on virtual machines and Azure Databricks, a cloud-based platform for big data analytics. The results indicated that the workflow can scale to large datasets and deliver high performance on Azure Databricks. This study explores the benefits and challenges of using distributed deep learning on big data clusters for instance segmentation. Popular distributed deep learning frameworks are discussed, and BigDL is chosen. Overall, this study highlights the practicality of distributed deep learning for deploying and scaling sophisticated deep learning models on big data clusters.
Integration of onchocerciasis morbidity management and disability prevention services in the healthcare system in Tanzania: a call for action and recommendations
Authors: Mushi Vivian , Mmbando Bruno P. , Colebunders Robert 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOnchocerciasis is among the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) responsible for dermatological, ophthalmological, and neurological manifestations. With the ongoing burden of onchocerciasis clinical manifestations, morbidity management, and disability prevention services are required to alleviate the suffering of the affected populations. Unfortunately, despite the ongoing transmission of onchocerciasis, morbidity management, and disability prevention services are limited in Tanzania. Therefore, this article highlights the concept of onchocerciasis morbidity management and disability prevention, along with the significance of its adoption in the healthcare system in Tanzania. We further provide recommendations on where and how to start.
Proposal of an innovative MCDA evaluation methodology: knowledge discovery through rank reversal, standard deviation, and relationship with stock return
Authors: Baydaş Mahmut , Elma Orhan Emre , Stević Željko 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFinancial performance analysis is of vital importance those involved in a business (e.g., shareholders, creditors, partners, and company managers). An accurate and appropriate performance measurement is critical for decision-makers to achieve efficient results. Integrated performance measurement, by its nature, consists of multiple criteria with different levels of importance. Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methods have become increasingly popular for solving complex problems, especially over the last two decades. There are different evaluation methodologies in the literature for selecting the most appropriate one among over 200 MCDA methods. This study comprehensively analyzed 41 companies traded on the Borsa Istanbul Corporate Governance Index for 10 quarters using SWARA, CRITIC, and SD integrated with eight different MCDA method algorithms to determine the position of Turkey's most transparent companies in terms of financial performance. In this study, we propose "stock returns" as a benchmark in comparing and evaluating MCDA methods. Moreover, we calculate the "rank reversal performance of MCDA methods". Finally, we performed a "standard deviation" analysis to identify the objective and characteristic trends for each method. Interestingly, all these innovative comparison procedures suggest that PROMETHEE II (preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations II) and FUCA (Faire Un Choix Adéquat) are the most suitable MCDA methods. In other words, these methods produce a higher correlation with share price; they have fewer rank reversal problems, the distribution of scores they produce is wider, and the amount of information is higher. Thus, it can be said that these advantages make them preferable. The results show that this innovative methodological procedure based on 'knowledge discovery' is verifiable, robust and efficient when choosing the MCDA method.
Characterizing extreme drought and wetness in Guangdong, China using global navigation satellite system and precipitation data
Authors: Zhu Hai , Chen Kejie , Chai Haishan , Ye Yuanbin , Liu Wenjian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs global temperature rises, the frequency of extreme climate events, e.g., severe droughts and floods, has increased significantly and caused severe damage over the past years. To this regard, precipitation efficiency, a crucial meteorological parameter, could provide valuable insights for a better understanding of the patterns and characteristics of these extreme events. In this study, taking Guangdong province as an exemplary region, we first obtained long-term and high-resolution historical records of precipitation efficiency by integrating the observations from a dense network of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations with precipitation data, and then characterized the extreme drought and wetness through climate indices. We found a distinct seasonal trend in precipitation efficiency in Guangdong, with annual fluctuations ranging from 10 to 25%. Notably, precipitation efficiency is higher in proximity to the Pearl River Delta Plain and gradually decreases towards the east and west. The occurrence of anomalous peaks and valleys in precipitation efficiency generally corresponds to dry and wet conditions, respectively. A total of 9 extreme wet events and 6 dry events occurred from January 2007 to May 2022, with durations from 3 to 6 months. Our results also demonstrated that both wet and dry frequencies exhibit an increasing trend with the expansion of the time scale, and the frequency of extreme events near the Pearl River Delta Plain surpasses that of other regions. Furthermore, the propagation time from meteorological anomalies to agricultural and hydrological anomalies is about 3 months. The periodic characteristics of meteorological anomalies are identified as the primary driver for other anomalous periodic patterns. Our work unveils the long-term dynamic behavior of precipitation efficiency, as well as the characteristics of extreme drought and wetness events in the regions characterized by intricate land–atmosphere interactions.
Temperature Differences Between Controlled Primary Hypothyroidism and Healthy Patients: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Romero-Ibarguengoitia Maria Elena , Garza-Silva Arnulfo , Rivera-Cavazos Andrea , Morales-Rodriguez Devany Paola , González-Peña Omar Israel , Barco-Flores Irene Antonieta , Manilla-Muñoz Edgar , Villarreal-Leal Enrique , González-Cantú Arnulfo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Hypothyroidism is conventionally treated with replacement therapy through levothyroxine (LT4). Despite the improvement in symptoms, cold intolerance persists in some patients. The present study aims to determine whether there is a difference in temperature perception and skin temperature between patients with primary controlled hypothyroidism (PCH) and a group of healthy controls matched for body mass index and age. Secondarily we aimed to determine difference in quality of life.

Methodology
Skin temperature measurements were performed in both groups, both in the central and peripheral regions of the body. In addition, subjects were asked about their perception of temperature in a temperature-controlled room; anthropometric measurements were taken, their quality of life was assessed using the ThyPRO-39, and a thyroid hormone profile was performed.

Results
Eleven patients in the PCH group and 30 patients in the control group were studied. It was found that the group with PCH presented a significantly lower palmar temperature than the control group [mean (SD) of 32.05 (1.79) vs 33.10 (1.30) oC, P = .046]. A mediation model showed a direct effect. Temperature perception was equal between groups. The median (interquartile range) of ThyPRO was 8 (5.2) points in the control group vs 21.8 (13.5) in the group of controlled hypothyroidism, P &lt; .001.

Discussion
These results suggest that, despite LT4 treatment, patients continue to present abnormalities in thermogenesis-related thermogenesis, and this may be due to a lack of hormonal adaptation to environmental changes and physiological demands, leading to lower body temperatures and increased sensitivity to cold.
A Review of Educational Interventions on Physicians’ Exercise Counseling and Prescription Practices
Authors: Courish Molly K. , Shivgulam Madeline E. , Petterson Jennifer L. , Pellerine Liam P. , Kivell Matthew J. , O’Brien Myles W. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Context
Physicians report various barriers to providing patients with physical activity (PA) counseling and prescriptions. Implementing educational interventions among physicians could be an effective method for the promotion of PA counseling in primary care.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to review the impact and efficacy of different educational intervention modalities on physicians’ PA promotion outcomes.

Design
Twenty-one articles were included in this systematic review and were of moderate quality (6.8 ± 3.3 of 14 controlled trials and 6.3 ± 2.3 of 12 uncontrolled trials), assessed via the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tools. Studies ranged in sample size from 9 to 12,945 participants (n = 16,283).

Eligibility Criteria
For inclusion, studies had to have had interventional experimental design and performed an educational intervention aiming to improve PA counseling or exercise prescription practice, and most of the sample comprised physicians.

Study Selection
Sources were searched in May 2022 (n = 3422 citations without duplicates) via Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Academic Search Premier (Prospero ID: CRD42022331755).

Main Outcome Measures
Physician PA practice outcomes across studies were categorized in terms of frequency of counseling and prescription, knowledge, and confidence.

Results
Most studies measuring PA counseling (8 of 13 studies) and prescription practices (8 of 10 studies) exhibited an increased frequency of PA prescription before and after the intervention. Physician confidence surrounding PA increased in most studies (10 of 12 studies), as well as knowledge of PA (6 of 7 studies).

Conclusions
Studies that were most effective in increasing physician PA promotion outcomes incorporated a practical component (i.e., hands-on) in addition to a theoretical session (i.e., lecture-based) to meet specific goals (e.g., accredited PA guidelines, prescription strategies). This review outlines the strengths and weaknesses of present educational intervention modalities and provides insight into future directions for education models to promote PA counseling and exercise prescription practices among physicians.
A population-based epidemiological and health economic analysis of fracture-related infection
Authors: Foster Andrew L. , Warren Jacelle , Vallmuur Kirsten , Jaiprakash Anjali , Crawford Ross , Tetsworth Kevin , Schuetz Michael A. 
Published: January 2024

AimsThe aim of this study was to perform the first population-based description of the epidemiological and health economic burden of fracture-related infection (FRI).MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of operatively managed orthopaedic trauma patients from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2016, performed in Queensland, Australia. Record linkage was used to develop a person-centric, population-based dataset incorporating routinely collected administrative, clinical, and health economic information. The FRI group consisted of patients with International Classification of Disease 10th Revision diagnosis codes for deep infection associated with an implanted device within two years following surgery, while all others were deemed not infected. Demographic and clinical variables, as well as healthcare utilization costs, were compared.ResultsThere were 111,402 patients operatively managed for orthopaedic trauma, with 2,775 of these (2.5%) complicated by FRI. The development of FRI had a statistically significant association with older age, male sex, residing in rural/remote areas, Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander background, lower socioeconomic status, road traffic accident, work-related injuries, open fractures, anatomical region (lower limb, spine, pelvis), high injury severity, requiring soft-tissue coverage, and medical comorbidities (univariate analysis). Patients with FRI had an eight-times longer median inpatient length of stay (24 days vs 3 days), and a 2.8-times higher mean estimated inpatient hospitalization cost (AU$56,565 vs AU$19,773) compared with uninfected patients. The total estimated inpatient cost of the FRI cohort to the healthcare system was AU$156.9 million over the ten-year period.ConclusionThe results of this study advocate for improvements in trauma care and infection management, address social determinants of health, and highlight the upside potential to improve prevention and treatment strategies.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(1):77–85.
Diagnostic challenges in low-grade central osteosarcoma
Authors: Khal Adyb A. , Aiba Hisaki , Righi Alberto , Gambarotti Marco , Atherley O'Meally Ahmed O. , Manfrini Marco , Donati Davide M. , Errani Constantino 
Published: January 2024

AimsLow-grade central osteosarcoma (LGCOS), a rare type of osteosarcoma, often has misleading radiological and pathological features that overlap with those of other bone tumours, thereby complicating diagnosis and treatment. We aimed to analyze the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of patients with LGCOS, with a focus on diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 49 patients with LGCOS (Broder’s grade 1 to 2) treated between January 1985 and December 2017 in a single institute. We examined the presence of malignant features on imaging (periosteal reaction, cortical destruction, soft-tissue invasion), the diagnostic accuracy of biopsy, surgical treatment, and oncological outcome.ResultsBased on imaging, 35 of 49 patients (71.4%) exhibited malignant features. Overall, 40 of 49 patients (81.6%) had undergone a biopsy before en-bloc resection: 27 of 40 patients (67.5%) were diagnosed on the first biopsy, which was more accurate when carried out by open rather than needle biopsy (91.3% vs 35.3% diagnostic accuracy, respectively; p < 0.001). Of the 40 patients treated by en-bloc resection, surgical margins were wide in 38 (95.0%) and marginal in two (5.0%). Furthermore, nine of 49 patients (18.4%) underwent curettage (intralesional margin) without previous biopsy. All patients with a positive margin developed local recurrence. Distant metastases occurred in five of 49 patients (10.2%). The mean five-year overall survival (OS) and distant relapse-free survival (D-RFS) were 89.3% (SD 5.1%) and 85.7% (SD 5.5%), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the occurrence of distant metastasis was a poor prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio 11.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.92 to 69.17; p < 0.001). Local recurrence was a poor prognostic factor for D-RFS (HR 8.72, 95% CI 1.69 to 45.0; p = 0.002).ConclusionThe diagnosis of LGCOS can be challenging because it may present with non-malignant features and has a low diagnostic accuracy on biopsy. If precisely diagnosed, LGCOS can be successfully treated by surgical excision with wide margins.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(1):99–106.
Moderní metody dokumentace a analýzy poškození vozidla
Authors: Bucsuhazy Katerina , Bilík Martin , Moravcová Pavlína , Belák Michal , Semela Marek , Mikulec Roman , Křižák Michal , Motl Jakub , Bradáč Albert , Malinková Tereza , Sedláčková Martina , Rak Martin , Kovařík Tomáš , Dlugoš Jozef , Zůvala Robert 
Published: January 2024

Úvod
Hlavním cílem tohoto článku je představit odborné veřejnosti výstupy projektu „Moderní metody dokumentace a analýzy poškození vozidel“, řešeného Centrem dopravního výzkumu v.v.i. a Ústavem Soudního inženýrství VUT v Brně v rámci programu DOPRAVA 2020+, kterými jsou odborná monografie „ANALÝZA POŠKOZENÍ VOZIDEL: Průvodce metodami dokumentace a kvantifikace deformační energie“ a Specializovaná veřejná databáze – Katalog poškození vozidel.
Podklady a metody
V rámci řešení projektu byl realizován výzkum využitelnosti různých tradičních, ale i moderních metod dokumentace a následné analýzy poškození vozidel, které jsou důležitými podklady pro účely analýzy nehodového děje. Následně byla provedena validace použitelnosti vybraných metod dokumentace a analýzy poškození, v závislosti na rozsahu a charakteru poškození. Získaná data pak byla využita jako podklad pro vytvoření hlavních výstupů tohoto projektu.
Výsledky
Hlavní výstup projektu Specializovaná veřejná databáze: Katalog poškození obsahuje dvě základní části – katalog charakteristických poškození a EES katalog. Tento nástroj může sloužit jako kvalitní podklad pro nezanedbatelnou součást analýzy nehodového děje, kterou je validace vzájemné korespondence poškození vozidel po střetu. Databáze může být nedocenitelnou pomůckou při analýze nehodového děje zejména v případech, kdy jsou podklady z předmětné nehody nedostatečné (například manipulované škodní události) nebo se jedná o specifická poškození, k nimž zpravidla není v dostupných databázích nárazových testů mnoho dostupných údajů (například poškození vzniklá při nízkých rychlostech).