bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and application of waste rubber low‐temperature green regeneration through ultrasound‐assisted method
Authors: Cheng Yaohua , Liu Qiong , Wang Qianting 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCombining a traditional mixer and a custom‐built ultrasonic generator, low‐temperature green regeneration of waste rubber was realized. Through orthogonal experiments, the optimal process parameters for the low‐temperature green regeneration through the ultrasound‐assisted (LTGRTUA) method were explored. Results showed that the self‐developed reclaimed rubber exhibited the best performance under the following conditions: rotor speed of 70 rpm, regeneration temperature of 85°C, ultrasonic power of 700 W, and ultrasonic loading time of 240 s. Additionally, the bond‐breaking types of the reclaimed rubber were evaluated through the measurements of sol fraction and desulfurization rate, as well as by using the Horikx curve. The self‐developed reclaimed rubber showed better retention of the main chain structure of waste rubber compared to the commercially reclaimed rubber which was prepared by the traditional vulcanization tank high‐temperature regeneration (TVTHTR) method. Moreover, blending experiments were conducted, in which different proportions of the reclaimed rubber replaced natural rubber (NR) for the purpose of producing tread rubber for radial tires. Performance tests of the final products revealed that the self‐developed reclaimed rubber performed better than commercially reclaimed rubber, which provides an effective basis for the subsequent industrial application and promotion.Highlights
Low‐temperature green regeneration of waste rubber was realized by the LTGRTUA method.
The main chain structure of waste rubber is well preserved by the LTGRTUA method.
The self‐developed reclaimed rubber has better properties and industrial application prospects.
The enigmatic HCN channels: A cellular neurophysiology perspective
Authors: Mishra Poonam , Narayanan Rishikesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhat physiological role does a slow hyperpolarization‐activated ion channel with mixed cation selectivity play in the fast world of neuronal action potentials that are driven by depolarization? That puzzling question has piqued the curiosity of physiology enthusiasts about the hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated (HCN) channels, which are widely expressed across the body and especially in neurons. In this review, we emphasize the need to assess HCN channels from the perspective of how they respond to time‐varying signals, while also accounting for their interactions with other co‐expressing channels and receptors. First, we illustrate how the unique structural and functional characteristics of HCN channels allow them to mediate a slow negative feedback loop in the neurons that they express in. We present the several physiological implications of this negative feedback loop to neuronal response characteristics including neuronal gain, voltage sag and rebound, temporal summation, membrane potential resonance, inductive phase lead, spike triggered average, and coincidence detection. Next, we argue that the overall impact of HCN channels on neuronal physiology critically relies on their interactions with other co‐expressing channels and receptors. Interactions with other channels allow HCN channels to mediate intrinsic oscillations, earning them the “pacemaker channel” moniker, and to regulate spike frequency adaptation, plateau potentials, neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals, and spike initiation at the axonal initial segment. We also explore the impact of spatially non‐homogeneous subcellular distributions of HCN channels in different neuronal subtypes and their interactions with other channels and receptors. Finally, we discuss how plasticity in HCN channels is widely prevalent and can mediate different encoding, homeostatic, and neuroprotective functions in a neuron. In summary, we argue that HCN channels form an important class of channels that mediate a diversity of neuronal functions owing to their unique gating kinetics that made them a puzzle in the first place.
Dihydroartemisinin inhibits melanoma migration and metastasis by affecting angiogenesis
Authors: Li Zhaoxiang , Zhang Qi , Zhang Xinyuan , Jin Quanxin , Yue Qi , Li Na , Liu Huan , Fujimoto Manabu , Jin Guihua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTumor angiogenesis is critical for tumor metastasis by providing oxygen, nutrients, and metastatic pathways. As a potential anti‐angiogenic agent, Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) can effectively inhibit tumor metastasis. However, the mechanism how it regulates angiogenesis to affect tumor metastasis has not been fully clarified. To investigate the mechanisms of how DHA regulates melanoma progression. In this study, bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the correlation between angiogenesis and melanoma metastasis. Then, B16F10, A375, HUVECs and mouse metastasis models were adapted to clarify the inhibition of DHA in melanoma. GESA analysis revealed melanoma metastasis significantly positive correlated with angiogenesis. Meanwhile, DHA significantly decreased melanoma nodules and lung wet weight in metastatic tumor mice, and inhibited the expression of the angiogenic marker CD31 in vitro and in vivo. Similarly, DHA inhibited the expression of the angiogenic signal molecule VEGFR2 in A375 and B16F10 cells, and significantly suppressed the formation of their tubular structures. DHA‐treated supernatants significantly inhibited the tubule‐forming ability as well as lateral and longitudinal migration ability of HUVECs compared with untreated melanoma cell supernatants. Screening yielded the angiogenic pathways HIF‐1α/VEGF, PI3K/ATK/mTOR associated with melanoma metastasis, and DHA may inhibit tumor metastasis by inhibiting these angiogenic pathways in melanoma cells to inhibit tumor metastasis. Further non‐targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that DHA‐treated model mice produced differential metabolites that were also associated with angiogenic pathways. DHA inhibits melanoma invasion and metastasis by mediating angiogenesis. These results have important implications for the potential use of DHA in treatment of melanoma.
Age is not a number when it comes to penile prosthesis surgery: A case series and mini literature review
Authors: Slovacek Hannah , Khalafalla Kareim , Wang Run 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgoundGiven the overall aging of the population, erectile dysfunction (ED) has become an increasingly relevant issue. When elective surgery is offered, the patient's age is often noted as a potential limiting factor. The aim of this study is to investigate the safety of implanting penile prostheses (PPs) in men 90 years and older, and report the potential complications associated with this population.MethodsThe database was screened between the years 2003 and 2023 to identify patients at least 90 years and older who underwent implantation of PP by a single surgeon at MD Anderson Cancer Center and Memorial Hermann Texas Medical Center. We collected demographic information, their anesthesia perioperative assessment, surgical procedure details, and postoperative pathway.ResultsBetween 2003 and 2023, 2000 men underwent PP surgery. Three patients were 90 years or older at the time of PP surgeries. All surgeries were performed without intraoperative or postoperative complications. Following the surgery, patients were monitored, and the patients with implantations demonstrated the ability to use the device and reported satisfaction.ConclusionThis case series demonstrates that implantation of PP is a safe and effective treatment for elderly men with ED. Maintaining a satisfactory sexual life in this age group is vital and achievable through inflatable PP insertion. There are several factors that must be considered prior to operating on an older patient. However, with proper patient selection and preoperative optimization, this operation can be effectively performed in these patients.
A closer look at isodoublet vector leptoquark solution to the $$ {R}_{D^{\left(\ast \right)}} $$ anomaly
Authors: Iguro Syuhei , Omura Yuji 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We discuss a model with a SU(2)L doublet vector leptoquark (LQ), motivated by the recent experimental results relating to the lepton universality of $$ \overline{B} $$

B
¯

→ D(*)$$ \tau {\overline{\nu}}_{\tau } $$
τ

ν
¯

τ

. We find that scalar operators predicted by the LQ are favored to explain the deviations, taking into account the recent LHCb result. We investigate the extensive phenomenology of the model and conclude that Bs → $$ \tau \overline{\tau} $$
τ

τ
¯

, B → $$ K\tau \overline{\tau} $$
Kτ

τ
¯

, Bu → $$ \tau {\overline{\nu}}_{\tau } $$
τ

ν
¯

τ

and high-pT di-τ lepton signatures at the LHC will probe the interesting parameter region in the near future.
Deconstructed hypercharge: a natural model of flavour
Authors: Davighi Joe , Stefanek Ben A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The flavour puzzle is one of the greatest mysteries in particle physics. A ‘flavour deconstruction’ of the electroweak gauge symmetry, by promoting at least part of it to the product of a third family factor (under which the Higgs is charged) times a light family factor, allows one to address the flavour puzzle at a low scale due to accidentally realised U(2)5 flavour symmetries. The unavoidable consequence is new heavy gauge bosons with direct couplings to the Higgs, threatening the stability of the electroweak scale. In this work, we propose a UV complete model of flavour based on deconstructing only hypercharge. We find that the model satisfies finite naturalness criteria, benefiting from the smallness of the hypercharge gauge coupling in controlling radiative Higgs mass corrections and passing phenomenological bounds. Our setup allows one to begin explaining flavour at the TeV scale, while dynamics solving the large hierarchy problem can lie at a higher scale up to around 10 TeV — without worsening the unavoidable little hierarchy problem. The low-energy phenomenology of the model is dominated by a single Z′ gauge boson with chiral and flavour non-universal couplings, with mass as light as a few TeV thanks to the U(2)5 symmetry. The natural parameter space of the model will be probed by the HL-LHC and unavoidably leads to large positive shifts in the W-boson mass, as well as an enhancement in $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
(Bs,d → μ+μ−). Finally, we show that a future electroweak precision machine such as FCC-ee easily has the reach to fully exclude the model.
Zero utility principles coinciding on binary risks
Authors: Chudziak Jacek , Chudziak Małgorzata 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt is known that the zero utility principle under Cumulative Prospect Theory can be uniquely extended from the family of all ternary risks. On the other hand, the extension from the family of all binary risks need not be unique. We establish a characterization of those zero utility principles which coincide on the family of binary risks. The characterization is expressed in terms of relations between the systems of generators of the principles.
Interkulturelle Adaptation der PUKSoPC in deutscher Sprache
Authors: Stopic V. , Rizos A. , Simpson J. , Eccles F. J. R. , Dembek T. A. , Barbe M. T. , Sauerbier A. 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die gefühlte Kontrolle von Menschen mit Parkinson-Erkrankung spielt eine große Rolle für ihre Lebensqualität. Simpson et al. entwickelten eine für die Parkinson-Erkrankung spezifische Skala der gefühlten Kontrolle namens Parkinson’s UK Scale of Perceived Control (PUKSoPC). Wir stellen in dieser Arbeit eine interkulturell adaptierte deutsche Übersetzung der englischen Originalversion vor.

Methoden
Nach Zustimmung der Originalautoren wurde ein international etabliertes Prozedere für die interkulturelle Adaptation eingesetzt. Die englischsprachige Originalversion wurde unabhängig von zwei bilingualen Neurowissenschaftlern übersetzt und anschließend von beiden eine Konsensusversion gebildet. Diese wurde an 10 Parkinson-Patientinnen und -Patienten getestet und von zwei weiteren Neurowissenschaftlern unabhängig in die englische Sprache rückübersetzt. Nach Bildung einer Konsensusversion wurde diese englische Version von allen vier Übersetzern mit der Originalversion verglichen. Differenzen zwischen den Versionen resultierten in Modifikationen der deutschen Übersetzung, sodass die Rückübersetzung möglichst genau dem Original entsprach. Die finale Version wurde von zwei der Originalautoren genehmigt und an 50 Parkinson-Patientinnen und -Patienten klinisch getestet.

Ergebnisse
Im Rahmen des Übersetzungsprozesses einigten sich die vier Übersetzer auf eine kulturell adaptierte deutsche Fassung der PUKSoPC. Bei der Testung der finalen Version an 50 Parkinson-Patientinnen und -Patienten zeigten sich keine sprachlichen oder inhaltlichen Probleme.

Diskussion
Die vorgestellte, sprachlich validierte deutsche Version der PUKSoPC steht nun zur Erhebung der gefühlten Kontrolle von Parkinson-Patientinnen und -Patienten in Forschung und klinischem Alltag zur Verfügung.
Identification of QTLs for resistance to 10 pathotypes of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica oleracea cultivar ECD11 through genotyping-by-sequencing
Authors: Karim Md. Masud , Yu Fengqun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Key message
Two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and five minor QTLs for 10 pathotypes were identified on chromosomes C01, C03, C04 and C08 through genotyping-by-sequencing from Brassica oleracea.

Abstract
Clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae is an important disease in brassica crops. Managing clubroot disease of canola on the Canadian prairie is challenging due to the continuous emergence of new pathotypes. Brassica oleracea is considered a major source of quantitative resistance to clubroot. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was performed in the parental lines; T010000DH3 (susceptible), ECD11 (resistant) and 124 BC1 plants. A total of 4769 high-quality polymorphic SNP loci were obtained and distributed on 9 chromosomes of B. oleracea. Evaluation of 124 BC1S1 lines for resistance to 10 pathotypes: 3A, 2B, 5C, 3D, 5G, 3H, 8J, 5K, 5L and 3O of P. brassicae, was carried out. Seven QTLs, 5 originating from ECD11 and 2 from T010000DH3, were detected. One major QTL designated as Rcr_C03-1 on C03 contributed 16.0–65.6% of phenotypic variation explained (PVE) for 8 pathotypes: 2B, 5C, 5G, 3H, 8J, 5K, 5L and 3O. Another major QTL designated as Rcr_C08-1 on C08 contributed 8.3 and 23.5% PVE for resistance to 8J and 5K, respectively. Five minor QTLs designated as Rcr_C01-1, Rcr_C03-2, Rcr_C03-3, Rcr_C04-1 and Rcr_C08-2 were detected on chromosomes C01, C03, C04 and C08 that contributed 8.3–23.5% PVE for 5 pathotypes each of 3A, 2B, 3D, 8J and 5K. There were 1, 10 and 4 genes encoding TIR-NBS-LRR/CC-NBS-LRR class disease resistance proteins in the Rcr_C01-1, Rcr_C03-1 and Rcr_C08-1 flanking regions. The syntenic regions of the two major QTLs Rcr_C03-1 and Rcr_C08-1 in the B. rapa genome ‘Chiifu’ were searched.
Terrestrial reference frames and their internal accuracy at coordinate system level
Authors: Kotsakis Christopher , Chatzinikos Miltiadis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe accuracy assessment of terrestrial reference frames (TRFs) at coordinate system level is a key task to ensure their successful use in Earth studies, satellite navigation and other geodetic positioning applications. Currently, the TRF quality specifications for the most demanding users dictate that the origin, orientation and scale should be determined at an accuracy level of 1 mm, and they should remain stable over time at a rate of 0.1 mm/yr. To evaluate the conformity of the internal accuracy of modern TRFs to such requirements, an appropriate mapping is needed to convert frame coordinate errors (and their CV matrix) in a terrestrial network to matching errors (and their CV matrix) in the realized coordinate system. Several projection schemes may be considered for this mapping problem, all of which aim at extracting the correlated part of the estimation error in TRF coordinates that is describable by small random perturbations in their coordinate system. The goal of the present paper is to investigate the inference problem of frame accuracy at coordinate system level, and to discuss not only the theoretical aspects of the required covariance projectors, but also the practical impact on the results obtained by their implementation in space geodetic solutions. For this purpose, a relevant case study is performed to evaluate the accuracy of the realized origin, orientation and scale in the ITRF frame series based on the formal CV matrices for their estimated positions and velocities in the four technique subnetworks (DORIS, SLR, VLBI, GNSS).
Functions with Bounded Hessian–Schatten Variation: Density, Variational, and Extremality Properties
Authors: Ambrosio Luigi , Brena Camillo , Conti Sergio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper we analyze in detail a few questions related to the theory of functions with bounded p-Hessian–Schatten total variation, which are relevant in connection with the theory of inverse problems and machine learning. We prove an optimal density result, relative to the p-Hessian–Schatten total variation, of continuous piecewise linear (CPWL) functions in any space dimension d, using a construction based on a mesh whose local orientation is adapted to the function to be approximated. We show that not all extremal functions with respect to the p-Hessian–Schatten total variation are CPWL. Finally, we prove the existence of minimizers of certain relevant functionals involving the p-Hessian–Schatten total variation in the critical dimension $$d=2$$

d
=
2

.
The Good pH probe: non-invasive pH in-line monitoring using Good buffers and Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Müller David Heinrich , Börger Marieke , Thien Julia , Koß Hans-Jürgen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn bioprocesses, the pH value is a critical process parameter that requires monitoring and control. For pH monitoring, potentiometric methods such as pH electrodes are state of the art. However, they are invasive and show measurement value drift. Spectroscopic pH monitoring is a non-invasive alternative to potentiometric methods avoiding this measurement value drift. In this study, we developed the Good pH probe, which is an approach for spectroscopic pH monitoring in bioprocesses with an effective working range between pH 6 and pH 8 that does not require the estimation of activity coefficients. The Good pH probe combines for the first time the Good buffer 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid (MOPS) as pH indicator with Raman spectroscopy as spectroscopic technique, and Indirect Hard Modeling (IHM) for the spectral evaluation. During a detailed characterization, we proved that the Good pH probe is reversible, exhibits no temperature dependence between 15 and 40 °C, has low sensitivity to the ionic strength up to 1100 mM, and is applicable in more complex systems, in which other components significantly superimpose the spectral features of MOPS. Finally, the Good pH probe was successfully used for non-invasive pH in-line monitoring during an industrially relevant enzyme-catalyzed reaction with a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.04 pH levels. Thus, the Good pH probe extends the list of critical process parameters monitorable using Raman spectroscopy and IHM by the pH value.
Graphical abstract
Turning radiology reports into epidemiological data to track seasonal pulmonary infections and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Heye Tobias , Segeroth Martin , Franzeck Fabian , Vosshenrich Jan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To automatically label chest radiographs and chest CTs regarding the detection of pulmonary infection in the report text, to calculate the number needed to image (NNI) and to investigate if these labels correlate with regional epidemiological infection data.

Materials and methods
All chest imaging reports performed in the emergency room between 01/2012 and 06/2022 were included (64,046 radiographs; 27,705 CTs). Using a regular expression-based text search algorithm, reports were labeled positive/negative for pulmonary infection if described.
Data for regional weekly influenza-like illness (ILI) consultations (10/2013–3/2022), COVID-19 cases, and hospitalization (2/2020–6/2022) were matched with report labels based on calendar date. Positive rate for pulmonary infection detection, NNI, and the correlation with influenza/COVID-19 data were calculated.

Results
Between 1/2012 and 2/2020, a 10.8–16.8% per year positive rate for detecting pulmonary infections on chest radiographs was found (NNI 6.0–9.3). A clear and significant seasonal change in mean monthly detection counts (102.3 winter; 61.5 summer; p < .001) correlated moderately with regional ILI consultations (weekly data r = 0.45; p < .001).
For 2020–2021, monthly pulmonary infection counts detected by chest CT increased to 64–234 (23.0–26.7% per year positive rate, NNI 3.7–4.3) compared with 14–94 (22.4–26.7% positive rate, NNI 3.7–4.4) for 2012–2019. Regional COVID-19 epidemic waves correlated moderately with the positive pulmonary infection CT curve for 2020–2022 (weekly new cases: r = 0.53; hospitalizations: r = 0.65; p < .001).

Conclusion
Text mining of radiology reports allows to automatically extract diagnoses. It provides a metric to calculate the number needed to image and to track the trend of diagnoses in real time, i.e., seasonality and epidemic course of pulmonary infections.

Clinical relevance
Digitally labeling radiology reports represent previously neglected data and may assist in automated disease tracking, in the assessment of physicians’ clinical reasoning for ordering radiology examinations and serve as actionable data for hospital workflow optimization.

Key Points
• Radiology reports, commonly not machine readable, can be automatically labeled with the contained diagnoses using a regular-expression based text search algorithm.
• Chest radiograph reports positive for pulmonary infection moderately correlated with regional influenza-like illness consultations (weekly data; r = 0.45; p < .001) and chest CT reports with the course of the regional COVID-19 pandemic (new cases: r = 0.53; hospitalizations: r = 0.65; p < 0.001).
• Rendering radiology reports into data labels provides a metric for automated disease tracking, the assessment of ordering physicians clinical reasoning and can serve as actionable data for workflow optimization.