bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunocytochemical characterization of monocyte colonies of human bone marrow: A clue to the origin of langerhans cells and interdigitating reticulum cells
Authors: Goordyal Pramila , Isaacson Peter G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractHuman bone marrow was cultured and cells from individual monocyte colonies stained with a variety of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Erythroid colonies and peripheral blood monocytes were used as controls. Both bone marrow cultured and peripheral blood monocytes stained with antibodies to lysozyme, non‐specific cross reacting antigen (NCA) and alpha‐1‐antitryspin and the cells stained variably for HLA‐DR. A small number of cells in each cultured bone marrow colony stained with antibody to human thymic antigen (HTA T6) and most of the cells stained with variable intensity using anti‐S‐100 protein. No cells reactive with these two antibodies were detected in peripheral blood monocyte preparations and erythroid colony cells were negative for all antigens studied. The presence of cells within individual bone marrow colonies with phenotypic properties of both phagocytic macrophages (lysozyme positive, NCA positive, alpha‐1‐antitrypsin positive) and Langerhans cells/interdigitating reticulum cells (HTA (T6) positive, S‐100 protein positive) suggests that these cells share a common stem cell and are both components of the mononuclear phagocyte system.
Regulatory peptides in Barrett's oesophagus
Authors: Buchan Alison M. J. , Grant Susan , Freeman H. J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBarrett's epithelium refers to the presence of ectopic mucosal types in the squamous‐lined oesophagus. Previous studies have documented argentaffin and argyrophil‐positive cells as well as gastrin‐like immunoreactivity in oesopha‐geal tissue extracts from patients with Barrett's mucosa. In the present study, 125 oesophageal biopsies obtained under direct vision at endoscopy from 22 patients with Barrett's oesophagus were systematically studied using fluorescence and peroxidase antiperoxidase single and double‐staining immunocytochemical methods employing highly specific antibodies to localize the following peptide‐containing cell types in Barrett's mucosa: gastrin, somatostatin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, motilin, neurotensin and pancreatic glucagon. In addition, EC cells were localized using a cytochemical silver staining method. The results of this study indicate that EC cells and gastrin‐ and somatostatin‐containing endocrine cells are detectable in Barrett's epithelium.
HLA‐DR expression in a human colonic carcinoma cell linexs
Authors: Lampert Irvin A. , Kirkland Susan , Farrell Siobhan , Borysiewicz Leszek K. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA human colonic carcinoma cell line (HCA‐7) isolated from a well differentiated mucoid adenocarcinoma of the colon has been maintained in vitro for 3 years. It spontaneously synthesizes HLA‐DR which is mainly intracytoplasmic. Stimulation with lymphocyte conditioned medium and recombinant γ‐interferon results in enhanced synthesis of HLA‐DR and the appearance of the antigen on the cell surface. A dose response study showed that maximal stimulation of the culture was achieved with 50 units/ml of recombinant γ‐interferon. Staining for HLA‐DR was uneven being confined to focal areas of the monolayer, which is similar to the focal expression of HLA‐DR seen in sections of adenocarcinoma of the colon. The functional significance of this phenomenon is unclear, but it may explain the presence of lymphoid infiltrates in tumours.
The gastro‐duodenal epithelium in peptic ulceration
Authors: Steer Howard W. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMucosa‐related bacteria, intra‐epithelial lymphocytes and intra‐epithelial polymorphonuclear leucocytes have been studied in 35 patients with duodenal ulceration, 27 patients with gastric ulceration and eight control subjects with normal gastro‐duodenal mucosa. Mucosa‐related bacteria were found in approximately 80 per cent of peptic ulcer patients and rarely in controls. The bacteria were most numerous at the sites of active chronic gastritis. There was a positive correlation between the number of bacteria and the number of intra‐epithelial polymorphonuclear leucocytes. There was no correlation between the peripheral blood white cell count and the number of intra‐epithelial polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The number of intra‐epithelial lymphocytes was increased in peptic ulceration.
Effects of endotoxin‐treatment on inflammatory cell infiltrates in murine meth A sarcoma
Authors: Kuper C. Frieke , Bloksma Nanne , Bruyntjes Joost P. , Hofhuis Frans M. , Wolterink Gerrit 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe effect of intravenously injected endotoxin on inflammatory cells within solid Meth A tumours was studied and central hyperaemia, necrosis and early collapse were observed macroscopically at 4, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The effects were studied in semithin sections and cytocentrifuge preparations of the tumours. The inflammatory cell reaction evoked by the tumours in untreated animals was relatively slight. It was located predominantly around the lateral margins of the tumours and only a few inflammatory cells were found inside the tumour. Prominent effects of endotoxin included a transient increase of mononuclear inflammatory cells in the centre of the tumour by 4 h and a reduction of the influx of lymphocytes, observed in and around the margin of control tumours, by 48 h. Mast cells formed an important part of the inflammatory cell infiltrate, but no distinct changes in number and appearance were observed with time or following treatment. Total host cell numbers within tumours did not increase significantly upon endotoxin‐treatment. Results suggest that a direct cytotoxic action of host cells cannot account for the extensive tumour damage observed. Rather, endotoxin‐induced regression seems to be related to decreased lymphocyte numbers.
Uptake and disposal of bsa‐coated latex particles by the rat mesangium: Reaction with subsequently administered heterologous antiserum
Authors: Goode Nigel P. , Davison Alex M. , Gowland Gerald , Aparicio Samuel R. , Shires Michael 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMesangial uptake and disposal of antigen‐coated latex particles and the ability of subsequently injected antibody to maintain complexed antigen in the rat mesangium has been investigated. Carboxylate‐modified latex particles, coated with bovine albumin (BSA) were injected i.v. to 36 Wistar rats. Twenty‐two rats (group 1) were not treated further. Fourteen rats (group 2) received rabbit anti‐BSA antiserum i.v. and i.p. 24 h later. Control groups were injected with uncoated, unmodified latex particles or soluble BSA with and without subsequent antibody administration. Latex was present in the mesangial matrix of rats in group 1 at 1 h in association with a diffuse mesangial distribution of BSA. At 24 h, BSA staining was markedly reduced and extracellular latex was no longer observed. Intracellular latex aggregates were present in experimental and control groups at 24 h‐14 days in cytoplasmic vacuoles of hypertrophic mesangium which showed minor infiltration by macrophage‐like cells. Progressive removal of latex aggregates coincided with declining mesangial reactivity. Rapid disappearance of antigen apparently results from local degradation of tracer in the mesangium. Antibody administration preserves BSA in the mesangium due to immune complex formation and is associated with retention of ingested latex by mesangial cells. However, efficient disposal of glomerular immune deposits by the mesangium appears to minimize infiltration by monocytes and prevents aggravation of glomerular inflammation.
Lymphocyte status of lymph node and blood in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS‐related complex disease
Authors: Schuurman Henk‐Jan , Kluin Philip M. , Meijling Frits H. J. Gmelig , van Unnik Jan A. M. , Kater Louis 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBlood lymphocytes and lymph nodes from three patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and two cases with AIDS‐related complex (ARC) were studied during the course of the disease. The lymph node histomor‐phology could be grossly categorized into three stages: follicle hyperplasia, follicle degeneration and the depleted stage. In the first stage, follicles show large and sometimes irregular‐sized germinal centres and narrow B‐cell mantles. Dendritic reticulum cells in the germinal centres reveal disruption of their fine dendritic processes; often indentations are visible, filled with small B‐ and T‐lymphocytes of follicle mantle and paracortical origin. These lesions may be the first signs of follicle degeneration, in which only hyalinized remnants of follicle centres are found. The changes in the paracortex are less prominent than those in the follicles. The disturbance in the numerical balance of T‐cell subsets of helper–inducer and suppressor–cytotoxic phenotypes is less than that found in the blood. In some cases the paracortex reveals a high density of T6‐positive elements resembling interdigitating cells, suggestive of continuous antigen exposure. We found follicle hyperplasia in ARC, follicle degeneration in one case of ARC and in full‐blown AIDS, while the depleted stage was found in lymph nodes at autopsy of AIDS patients. Lymph node changes do not completely correlate with the changes in the blood lymphocyte pool. Investigations on lymph nodes may be of value in the assessment of the prognosis of the disease.
Subepithelial neuroendocrine cells and carcinoid tumours of the human small intestine and appendix. A comparative immunohistochemical study with regard to serotonin, neuron‐specific enolase and S‐100 protein reactivity
Authors: Lundqvist Monalill , Wilander Erik 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA comparative immunocytochemical study was performed of subepithelial neuroendocrine cells of the human small intestine and appendix and carcinoid tumours of these sites, using a monoclonal antibody to serotonin and polyclonal antisera against neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) and S‐100 protein. Subepithelial neuroendocrine cells were easily identified in the lamina propria of the appendix. These cells, which sometimes occurred in aggregates, displayed serotonin and NSE immunoreactivity and were surrounded by S‐100 protein immunoreactive cells, presumably of Schwann cell origin. In the appendix scattered cells with corresponding morphological features and immunoreactivity were also observed deep in the submucosa. In addition, subepithelial neuroendocrine cells were sparsely present in the lamina propria of the small intestine, occurring only as single cells in the deeper part of the mucosa below or between the epithelial crypts. Most appendiceal carcinoid tumours (11 of 12 examined cases) were biphasic and consisted of neuroendocrine tumour cells with intermingled S‐100 protein immunoreactive cells (Schwann cells) with long cytoplasmic extensions. However, small intestinal (11 cases) and caecal (10 cases) carcinoids lacked S‐100 protein immunoreactive cells as an integral component. The results indicate that the appendiceal carcinoids are mostly closely related structually to the subepithelial neuroendocrine and Schwann cell aggregates of the lamina propria and are thus presumed to be histogenetically related to this cell system, while the histogenesis of small‐intestinal and caecal carcinoids remains less clear.
The control of fibrogenesis: Stimulation and suppression of collagen synthesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane with fibrin degradation products, wound extracts and proteases
Authors: Thompson W. D. , Ervans A. T. , Campbell R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe chick chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM) has, previously been used to demonstrate cell proliferation, characteristic of both angiogenesis and fibrogcncsis, after exposure 10 fibrin degradation products. This model has now been adapted for quantitative in vivo assay of collagcn polypeptide synthesis and prolyl hydroxylase activity. The CAM exhibits oscillations in the level of labelled collagen, a pattern attributable to rapid intracellular degradation and proline recycling following a brief labelling period. Both collagen synthesis and prolyl hydroxylase activity are stimulated by fibrin degradation products ( <50 000 MW). Such stimulation occurs by 3 h and precedes the rise in general protein synthesis. Extracts of healing mouse skin wounds, rich in proteases, inhibited collagen synthesis, as did pure plasmin. Conversely, stimulation was achieved when proteolytic activity was neutralized by soybean trypsin inhibitor. These findings help to explain the observation that fibroblasts and endothelial cells proliferate and migrate centrally in an inflammatory lesion without depositing collagen, whilst in a milieu of high proteolytic activity. More peripherally, where proteases are inactivated by antiproteases in inflammatory exudate, such cell movement ceases and collagen deposition is observed.
Transferrin receptor expression in non‐malignant and malignant human breast tissue
Authors: Walker Rosemary A. , Day Sheila J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe expression of transferrin receptor by normal, pregnant and benign hyperplastic breast lesions and by breast carcinomas has been investigated immunohistochemically using two monoclonal antibodies directed against the receptor. Unlike a previous immunohistological study in which staining was confined to imlignant breast, transferrin receptor has been detected in pregnant breast and in benign lesions as well as in all carcinomas examined. The latter showed variable reactivity but with staining of most cells in 70 percent of cases.Although the expression of transfcrrin reccptor in non‐malignant conditions may be related to cell proliferation, as has been suggested from studies of activated cells, the extent of reactivity of carcinomas has shown no correlation with tumour characteristics such as differentiation and local tumour spread. It is therefore suggested that the immunologically active transferrin receptor of breast carcinomas may have significance other than that relating to proliferation. The finding that with some carcinomas differences in staining occurred between the two antibodies is a further illustration of the complexities of the nature of Itransfcrrin receptor.
Light and ultrastructural features of lymphoepithelial lesions of the salivary glands in Mikulicz's disease
Authors: Chaudhary Anand P. , Cutler Leslie S. , Yamane George M. , Satchidanand Sateesh , Labay Gerald , Sunderraj Mary 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis investigation deals with the histogenesis of the so‐called ‘epimyoepithelial islands’ in Mikulicz's disease of the major salivary glands and is based on light and electron microscopic sludy in six patients.The ‘epimyoepithelial islands’ represent collapsed acini prior to their complete involution and disappearance, the intraductal cellular proliferation, stratification and differentiation into luminal and peripheral myoepithelial cells with partial and complete obliteration of their lumina and finally, cord‐like proliferation and formation of nests of residual pluripotential cells showing squamous metaplasia and occasional myoepithelial cell differentiation.A pink, homogenous and hyaline material on light microscopic examination is multilayered and extracellular and is in close association with the basal lamina when viewed with electron microscope.
DNA flow cytometry of histological material from human gastric cancer
Authors: Macartney James C. , Camplejohn Richard S. , Powell Gillian 
Published: June 2005

AbstractDNA flow cytometry was performed on fixed embedded histological material from 56 radical gastrectomies for human gastric cancer. The ploidy and proportion of cells in the DNA synthetic phase of the cell cycle (S phase fraction) were estimated and the results correlated with histological features. DNA aneuploidy was encountered in 73 per cent of cases. Aneuploid and diploid tumours both had significantly higher fractions of cells in S phase than normal mucosa. S phase fractions for aneuploid tumours were higher than diploid tumours. There was a trend for tumours exhibiting an infilrating mode of growth and poor tubule formation to have a diploid DNA content and low S phase fraction. No difference was observed between the results obtained from tumours with or without lymph node metastases. Early uniform fixation greatly improved the quality of the flow cytometry results measurable by a reduction in the mean coefficient of variation.
The significance of myocardial bridge upon atherosclerosis in the left anterior descending coronary artery
Authors: Ishii Toshiharu , Hosoda Yasuhlro , Osaka Tetsushl , Imai Tamotsu , Shimada Hiroyuki , Takami Akira , Yamada Hikoaki 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe relation between myocardial bridges (MB) and atherosclerosis in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was explored using morphometric methods in 642 hearts. The location of myocardial bridges in the LAD was classified according to distribution as proximal, middle and distal. Myocardial bridges were found in 48 per cent of males and 36 per cent of females. When proximal myocardial bridging was present intirmal thickening and macroscopic raised lesion were increased just before the bridge as compared with the corresponding site in thc other two categories. Underneath bridges eccentric plaques and raised lesions arc absent althought there is often concentric intimal thickening. The overall frequency of myocardial infarction was the same in patients with and without myocardial bridges However, when infarction occurred in the patients having bridges, it was almost confined to those in the proximal group despite this being infrequent in the general distribution of myocardial bridges in the left anterior descending artery. It is postulated that hypertension may enhances infarction in the case of myocardial bridges in the very proximal left anterior descending artery. It is concluded that the location of myocardial bridges greatly alters the distribution of physical force against the arterial wall and influences the extent of atherosclerosis.
Flow cytometry: Methodology and applications in pathology
Authors: Quirke P. , Dyson J. E. D. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFlow cytometry offers pathologists a powerful new method which can be applied especially for diagnosis, prediction of prognosis and measurement of response to therapy of tumours. It also has a wide variety of other applications in research and its use for investigation of non‐neoplastic disease has only just begun. The object of this brief review is to stimulate interest in this technique and to outline some of the most interesting applications that may be of use to pathologists in the near future.
The expression of fucosylated type 2 blood group chains in human breast and their significance
Authors: Walker Rosemary A. , Day Sheila J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies directed against O(H) blood group antigen and 3‐fucosyl‐N‐acetyllactosamine have been used to investigate the incidence and significance of these type 2 blood group chains in non‐malignant and malignant human breast tissue. The findings have been compared with those obtained with the fucose‐binding lectins, Ulex europeus I and Lotus tetragonolobus. The expression of O(H) antigen in non‐malignant breast is heterogenous and shows no relationship to blood group status. Its expression in carcinomas shows no relationship to prognostic parameters such as differentiation and node status, whereas loss of Ulex europeus I binding is related to metatasis. The presence of 3‐fucosyl‐N‐acetyllactosamine is limited in non‐malignant breast, apart from pregnancy, but in carcinomas shows a relationship to differentiation, a feature not seen with fucose‐binding lectins. It is apparent that to obtain the maximum amount of information about the modifications occurring in fuco‐substances that appear to be of significance in breast malignancy, it is important to use monospecific probes as well as reagents with broader specificities, such as lectins.
The utilization of [3H] sugars by non‐malignant and malignant human breast
Authors: Walker Rosemary A. , Sanderson P. R. , Day Sheila J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe utilization of [3H] sugars and leucine by non‐malignant and malignant human breast has been assessed using an organ culture technique with subsequent tissue autoradiography. The uptake of sugars by normal and hyperplastic breast was generally constant, with some differences observed in the utilization of galactose by acini of normal and hyperplastic tissues. After 24 h incubation localization was predominantly at the luminal cell periphery. The utilization of sugars by carcinomas was much more variable. Differences were observed between adjacent cells and cell groups of the same tumour. The uptake of individual sugars within a carcinoma was also varied being either similar to, or greater or lesser than normal breast. Variation between carcinomas was also present. No correlation between type and differentiation was noted in this respect, but there was between localization of sugars and differentiation. Better differentiated areas in tumours showed patterns similar to non‐malignant breast whilst localization in poorly differentiated cell groups was cytoplasmic. The uptake of leucine was more constant and proved to be a useful indicator of viability. While this approach cannot give information with regard to differences in glycoprotein structure between non‐malignant and malignant breast, it has been of value in determining the heterogeneity of tumour cells with regard to the enzymes involved in glycosylation. As such it would be of use in assessing the uniformity of response to agents modifying glycosylation.
An immunohistochemical study of a colonic mucus antigen in normal and neoplastic gastrointestinal tissues
Authors: Macartney J. C. , Oriol R. , Ciclitira P. J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA monoclonal antibody YPC 44.3 which reacts with human large intestinal goblet cell mucus has been used to examine normal gastrointestinal mucosa and a series of gastric and colorectal carcinomas in an immunohistochemical study. In normal colonic mucosa the antibody is shown to detect an antigen which is expressed polymorphically and depends on the presence of the active allele at the Lewis locus for its expression. However the antigen appears distinct from regular Lewis antigens on the basis of immunoabsorption studies and organ distribution. Results of immunostaining tumours show no correlation with the site, classification or grade of tumour or the type of metaplasia adjacent to gastric cancers. The relationship of YPC 44.3 to other mucus antibodies and the importance of screening tissues with a wide range of blood group phenotypes is discussed.
Effect fixation on T and B lymphocyte surface membrane antigen demonstration in paraffin processed tissue
Authors: Holgate Clive S. , Jackson Peter , Pollard Kenneth , Lunny Declan , Bird Colin C. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe identification of lymphoid surface membrane antigens in tissue sections using immunohistochemical techniques is becoming increasingly important for the diagnosis and classification of lymphoproliferative disorders. Many of the lymphocyte specific monoclonal antibodies used, however, can only be applied to frozen tissue sections. In this paper we report the successful application of a number of these antibodies to paraffin processed tissue utilizing alternative fixatives and the highly sensitive immunogold‐silver staining method. The best fixatives for this purpose were formol dichromate, periodate‐lysine‐paraformaldehyde (PLP) and a novel fixative formed from the addition of a dichromate solution to PLP.