bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Camp Lejeune Marine Cancer Risk Assessment for Exposure to Contaminated Drinking Water From 1955 to 1987
Authors: Rosenfeld Paul E. , Spaeth Kenneth R. , McCarthy Savannah J. , Winter Sophia C. , Wilson Maddie S. , Hagemann Matthew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study utilizes guidance from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) to calculate the cancer risk to United States Marines who were exposed to carcinogens in drinking water at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune. Camp Lejeune is a 233-square-mile Marine Corps training facility in North Carolina. From 1953 to 1987, nearby dry cleaners, landfills, and underground storage tanks contaminated drinking water systems that served Camp Lejeune (ATSDR, 2017). Some of the most toxic contaminants found in the drinking water modeled by ATSDR include benzene, tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC). ATSDR utilized MODFLOW and EPANET modeling software to determine the level of contamination in the three main drinking water systems at Camp Lejeune: Tarawa Terrace, Holcomb Boulevard, and Hadnot Point. This paper presents an application of methodology to quantify cancer risk for the Marines who lived and served at Camp Lejeune from 1953 to 1987 using ATSDR’s health assessment, chemical contaminant modeling, and USEPA methodology. While VC and TCE were found to be the main risk drivers, benzene and PCE also contributed to the cumulative cancer risk. This analysis shows (1) That the cancer risk was greatest during the 1970s and 1980s and (2) that the inhalation exposure pathway had the greatest contribution to overall cancer risk followed by ingestion, with the smallest contribution from dermal absorption.
Determination of Bioavailability, Potential Ecological and Human Health Risks, and Biomonitoring of Potential Toxic Elements in Gold Mine Tailings from Four Areas of Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Salazar Juan P. , Saldarriaga Juan F. , Zapata Daniela , López Julián E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGold mining has helped many countries and regions grow and prosper. Yet, because of the significant environmental effects produced, waste management (mine tailings) has emerged as a crucial issue for the sector. In this study, the concentrations of several potential toxic elements (PTEs) (Fe, Zn, Cu, As, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni) in mine tailings from four gold mining operations (Yalí, Puerto Berrio, Buriticá 1, and Buriticá 2,) were quantified. A biomonitoring system has also been suggested, along with two environmental risk indexes for ecosystems and human health. To do this, composite samples of tailings were collected from the four regions. A PTEs analysis using an ICP-OES as well as physicochemical characterization (pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, organic matter) have been performed. Indicators such as antioxidant activity and H2O2 content in Phaseolus vulgaris plants have been used to estimate the bioavailability of PTEs. In contrast to the pseudo-total concentration, the data showed that the bioavailable concentration of PTEs correlated with the risk. The ecological system and public health are more at risk from the mine tailings in Buriticá and Puerto Berrio. It has been demonstrated that P. vulgaris is a quick and effective technique to assess the danger to the environment and public health connected with mining regions, according to the suggested biomonitoring system. The findings of this study can assist the relevant authorities in taking quick action to improve environmental protection and risk management of hazardous waste in gold mining areas.
Attentional impairment and altered brain activity in healthcare workers after mild COVID-19
Authors: Lin Keyi , Gao Yaotian , Ji Wei , Li Yan , Wang Wei , Du Mengcheng , Liu Jia , Hong Zhengyu , Jiang Tao , Wang Yuyang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is highly transmissible and pathogenic. Patients with mild cases account for the majority of those infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although there is evidence that many patients with COVID-19 have varying degrees of attentional impairment, little is known about how SARS-COV-2 affects attentional function. This study included a high-risk healthcare population divided into groups of healthcare workers (HCWs) with mild COVID-19 (patient group, n = 45) and matched healthy HCWs controls (HC group, n = 42), who completed general neuropsychological background tests and Attention Network Test (ANT), and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) to assess altered brain activity; Selective impairment occurred in orienting and executive control networks, but not in alert network, in the patient group, and widespread cognitive impairment encompassing general attention, memory, and executive dysfunction. Moreover, the patient group had significantly lower ALFF values in the left superior and left middle frontal gyri than the HC group. SARS-COV-2 infection may have led to reduced brain activity in the left superior and left middle frontal gyri, thus impairing attentional orienting and executive control networks, which may explain the development of attentional deficits after COVID-19.
Impact of Schistosoma sp., Infection on Biological, Feeding, Physiological, Histological, and Genotoxicological Aspects of Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus Snails
Authors: Dokmak Hebat-Allah A. , Hammam Olfat A. , Ibrahim Amina M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Trematode infections of the genus Schistosoma can induce physiological and behavioral changes in intermediate snail hosts. This is because the parasite consumes essential resources necessary for the host's survival, prompting hosts to adapt their behavior to maintain some level of fitness before parasite-induced mortality occurs.

Methods
In this study, the reproductive and biochemical parameters of Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus truncatus were examined during the cercareal shedding stage of infection with Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium, respectively, compared with controls.

Results
The study revealed an infection rate of 34.7% for S. mansoni and 30.4% for S. haematobium. In B. alexandrina infected with S. mansoni, a survival rate of 65.2% was recorded, along with a mean prepatent period of 30.3 ± 1.41 days, a mean shedding duration of 14.2 ± 0.16 days, and a mean lifespan of 44.1 ± 0.24 days. Meanwhile, in B. truncatus infected with S. haematobium, a survival rate of 56.4% was observed, with a mean prepatent period of 44.3 ± 1.41 days, a mean shedding duration of 22.6 ± 2.7 days, and a mean lifespan of 66.9 ± 1.6 days. Feeding increased in both infected species of snails, while the net reproductive rate (Ro) of the infected snails decreased. Total antioxidant (TAO) and lipid peroxidation activity increased in the two infected snail species during shedding, while Glutathione-S-transferase levels decreased. Lipid peroxidase activity and nitrogen oxide levels significantly decreased in infected B. alexandrina and increased in infected Bulinus. Steroid hormone levels were elevated in infected Biomphalaria, whereas they were reduced in infected Bulinus. Comet assay parameters showed an increase in the two infected genera after infection compared to control snails, indicating genotoxic damage and histopathological damage was observed.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate that infection with larva species diverse biochemical, hormonal, genotoxic, and histopathological changes in the tissues responsible for fecundity and reproduction in B. alexandrina and B. truncates comparing with controls.
Policing Hate Crime: Exploring the Issue with a Cohort of Sworn Police Officers
Authors: Birch Philip , McNeill Kimberley , Levtova Yara , Ireland Jane L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlobally, there has been a trend in rising levels of hate crime that scholars have argued is reflective of significant social problems within society. Research into hate crime has typically focused on the police and their subsequent response to this crime type, with many findings reporting that the police are racist, homophobic and Islamophobic, to name but a few. However, existing research seldom captures the insights and experiences of sworn police officers, as much of the data is gathered from third parties. This paper presents the empirical findings from a Delphi study conducted with one police force in Australia, sampling sworn New South Wales (NSW) police officers between October 2020 and October 2021. The findings focus on four overarching areas: defining hate crime, perpetrators of hate crime, victims of hate crime, and responses to hate crime. These themes capture the perspectives of NSW police officers in relation to operational and organisational practice in respect of hate crime. Drawing on a Delphi method, the research outlines police perceptions of the nature of hate crime, as well as capturing how hate crime can be effectively reported, recorded, and responded to. Conclusions and implications are considered. These include the requirement for a clearer definition and targeted education strategies aimed at improving knowledge and understanding relating to hate crime. Future directions include the development of a standardised approach to reporting, recording, and responding to hate crime.
Vanishing of quartic and sextic twists of L-functions
Authors: Berg Jennifer , Ryan Nathan C. , Young Matthew P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLet E be an elliptic curve over $${{\mathbb {Q}}}$$
Q
. We conjecture asymptotic estimates for the number of vanishings of $$L(E,1,\chi )$$

L
(
E
,
1
,
χ
)

as $$\chi $$
χ
varies over all primitive Dirichlet characters of orders 4 and 6, subject to a mild hypothesis on E. Our conjectures about these families come from conjectures about random unitary matrices as predicted by the philosophy of Katz-Sarnak. We support our conjectures with numerical evidence. Compared to earlier work by David, Fearnley and Kisilevsky that formulated analogous conjectures for characters of any odd prime order, in the composite order case, we need to justify our use of random matrix theory heuristics by analyzing the equidistribution of the squares of normalized Gauss sums. To do this, we introduce the notion of totally order $$\ell $$
ℓ
characters to quantify how quickly the quartic and sextic Gauss sums become equidistributed. Surprisingly, the rate of equidistribution in the full family of quartic (resp., sextic) characters is much slower than in the sub-family of totally quartic (resp., sextic) characters. We provide a conceptual explanation for this phenomenon by observing that the full family of order $$\ell $$
ℓ
twisted elliptic curve L-functions, with $$\ell $$
ℓ
even and composite, is a mixed family with both unitary and orthogonal aspects.
Pathways to Euphoria: Deconstructing Gender-Expansive Adults Conceptualizations of Wellbeing
Authors: Hall Taine , Rees Clare , Newnham Elizabeth 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHistorically, research has portrayed transgender, gender-diverse, and non-binary (TGDN) individuals through narratives of distress and dysfunction. Through the adoption of a positive psychology lens, the present study sought to refute this dominant deficit model, instead exploring the processes that foster wellbeing among TGDN adults residing in Western Australia. Central to this study was the collaboration between researchers and the TGDN community. Participants comprised twelve adults who self-identified as members of Western Australia’s TGDN community, recruited through TGDN community spaces. In line with the exploratory qualitative design employed in this study, participants took part in face-to-face, semi-structured interviews; with transcripts analysed using thematic analysis. Gender euphoria emerged as the central concept underlying participants’ conceptualizations of wellbeing. Three subsequent themes were identified: (1) achieving gender congruence, (2) collectively healing, and (3) finding gender pride. Each theme illustrates a means through which gender euphoria, and thus wellbeing, was elicited among participants. These findings may inform the development of individualized strategies that clinicians, and institutions serving TGDN individuals, can implement to improve the wellbeing of their clients. Further, this study highlights the need to avoid reconstructing pathologising narratives, and instead adopt participatory, and positive psychology approaches to research with the TGDN community.
Network toxicity analysis: an information-theoretic approach to studying the social dynamics of online toxicity
Authors: Kiddle Rupert , Törnberg Petter , Trilling Damian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rise of social media has corresponded with an increase in the prevalence and severity of online toxicity. While much work has gone into understanding its nature, we still lack knowledge of its emergent structural dynamics. This work presents a novel method—network toxicity analysis—for the inductive analysis of the dynamics of discursive toxicity within social media. Using an information-theoretic approach, this method estimates toxicity transfer relationships between communicating agents, yielding an effective network describing how those entities influence one another, over time, in terms of their produced discursive toxicity. This method is applied to Telegram messaging data to demonstrate its capacity to induce meaningful, interpretable toxicity networks that provide valuable insight into the social dynamics of toxicity within social media.
Hermeneutic Suspicion in Action: Agency Beyond Causality
Authors: Hejlesen Jonas Tellefsen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this article, I argue for the use of the hermeneutics of suspicion in the investigation of the conditions of our actions. I claim that by staying suspicious of immediate answers as well as manifest conditions, and remaining curious of other conditions that may influence us, we can come closer to an understanding of our actions and what structures them. By investigating the broad question of why we do what we do, I critically examine the concept of agency and its role in answering this question. I distinguish between two fundamentally different approaches to the understanding of our actions that relate to the concept of agency: On the one hand, is the agentic view that focuses on reasons and asserts that our agency is the basis of our actions. On the other hand, is the non-agentic view that focuses on causes and asserts that our actions are causally determined. To overcome this sharp distinction, I argue for a reconceptualisation concerning our understandings of why we act and of the human psyche itself. This reconceptualisation is twofold. Firstly, it consists of abandoning a simple causality in favour of the notion of catalysis. Secondly, it consists of viewing the psyche as an open system rather than a closed system. In linking the concept of catalysis with the hermeneutics of suspicion, I bring together the ontological and epistemological dimensions of my thinking. The concept of catalysis underlines the ontological complexity and multiplicity of the conditions of our actions and of the human psyche, while the introduction of the hermeneutics of suspicion tells us how we must face this epistemologically.
Electron beam-induced white emission from iridium complexes-doped polymer dots
Authors: Liu Zuoyue , Su Zheming , Asanuma Daiki , Tojo Sachiko , Yamaji Minoru , Fujitsuka Mamoru , Osakada Yasuko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRadiation detection plays an important role in diverse applications, including medical imaging, security, and display technologies. Scintillators, materials that emit light upon exposure to radiation, have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional sensitivity. Previous research explored polymer dots (P-dots) doped with iridium complexes as nano-sized scintillators for radiation detection, but these were constrained to emitting specific colors like red, green, and blue, limiting their utility. Recently, there has been a breakthrough in the development of white light emitters stimulated by UV–visible light. These emitters exhibit a broad spectral range in the visible wavelength, enhancing contrast and simplifying detection by visible-light sensors. Consequently, the quest for white color scintillators in radiation detection has emerged as a promising avenue for enhancing scintillation efficiency. In this study, we present a novel approach by applying P-dots doped with two iridium complexes to create white light-emitting nano-sized scintillators. These scintillators offer a wider spectral coverage within the visible-light wavelength range. Under UV light (365 nm) excitation, our synthesized P-dots exhibited remarkable white light emission. Moreover, when excited by electron beam irradiation, we observed the clear emission close to white emission which is valuable for improving the detection of radiation.
Influence of environmental factors on reproduction of the invasive Gulf toadfish Opsanus beta (Teleostei: Batrachoididae) in a subtropical estuary
Authors: de Assis Thara Santiago , Nagata Jeferson Keiti , Evans Allan Arnold , Morimoto Juliano , Fávaro Luís Fernando 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA hallmark of biological invasion is the rapid reproduction of invasive species. However, we still do not have an adequate understanding of how fluctuations in environmental factors affect the reproduction of invasive species, particularly in estuarine habitats. In this study, we evaluated the reproduction of the Gulf toadfish Opsanus beta and its relationships with temperature and rainfall in the Paranaguá estuary, a subtropical region in southern Brazil. This species was likely introduced into the Brazilian ecosystems through the discharge of ballast water. Since invasion, which was first reported in port areas, the species has rapidly spread along the Brazilian coast line. We collected specimens monthly from October 2011 to September 2012 and from October 2019 to September 2020, to give us insight into the seasonal and temporal changes in the reproduction of this species. We found that O. beta population uses the estuary throughout its life cycle, including during spawning. Females and males spawned throughout almost the entire sampling period and spawning was specified as partially. Peak reproductive activity occurred in periods of lower temperature and was also related to rain. The length of first maturation in females (10cm) was considered early, indicating reproductive activity in smaller individuals. Our results demonstrate that the reproductive strategy used by the invasive species supports its ability to successfully colonize new environments.
Diversifying the research landscape: Assessing barriers to research for underrepresented populations in an online study of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Sanchez Angie V. , Ison Juliana M. , Hemley Helen , Jackson Jonathan D. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Despite federal regulations mandating the inclusion of underrepresented groups in research, recruiting diverse participants remains challenging. Identifying and implementing solutions to recruitment barriers in real time might increase the participation of underrepresented groups. Hence, the present study created a comprehensive dashboard of barriers to research participation. Barriers to participation were recorded in real time for prospective participants. Overall, 230 prospective participants expressed interest in the study but were unable to join due to one or more barriers. Awareness of the most common obstacles to research in real time will give researchers valuable data to meaningfully modify recruitment methods.
Critical Reflections on the Role of the Canon in New Testament Scholarship
Authors: Watson Francis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe modern discipline of New Testament Studies has subjected the various components of the New Testament to close scrutiny, yet it persistently fails to ask critical questions about the New Testament considered as a whole. In its familiar twenty-seven book form, the New Testament may be seen as a fourth-century anthology of early Christian writings based on earlier collections or sub-collections (the fourfold gospel, the Pauline letter collection), yet innovative in establishing a sharply defined boundary between included and excluded texts. An analysis of contributions to this journal over a recent five-year period demonstrates the pervasive influence of this fourth-century construct in determining the scope and priorities of (so-called) ‘mainstream’ scholarship. Greater attention to the contingencies of canon-formation will enable us to locate the texts that came to form the New Testament within a wider early Christian literary landscape.
An Extended Inverted Allusion to Psalm 22 in Mark 15: Reading Reversal in the Markan Passion
Authors: Combs Jason Robert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Markan Passion narrative alludes to Ps 22 (LXX Ps 21) in reverse, culminating with Jesus’ cry: ‘My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?’ (Mark 15.34; cf. Ps 22.1). I argue that this ‘extended inverted allusion’ was an admired literary technique. Through select examples of this technique in the writings of the Hebrew Bible and Greco-Roman literature, I demonstrate its various functions—it can be employed to reverse meaning, to dissociate causation or to create new narrative trajectories. Reading Mark 15 in light of the literary functions of inverted allusion reveals new interpretive possibilities. In the Septuagint, Psalm 21 suggests that the psalmist's suffering was merited because of transgressions, but the inverted allusions to this Psalm in Mark 15 reinforce that Jesus’ suffering is unmerited (cf. Mark 15.10, 14) by decoupling the suffering from the transgressions. Additionally, in LXX Ps 21, the psalmist moves from forsakenness on account of transgressions toward divine deliverance. By alluding to this Psalm in reverse, Jesus travels the psalmist's journey in reverse. Rather than move from forsakenness toward divine deliverance, Mark's Jesus moves toward forsakenness, precisely to bring about divine deliverance.
Risk Factors Associated with Missing Incidents among Persons Living with Dementia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Perez Hector , Miguel Cruz Antonio , Neubauer Noelannah , Daum Christine , Comeau Aidan K. , Marshall Samantha Dawn , Letts Elyse , Liu Lili 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWorldwide, over 55-million people have dementia, and the number will triple by 2050. Persons living with dementia are exposed to risks secondary to cognitive challenges including getting lost. The adverse outcomes of going missing include injuries, death, and premature institutionalization. In this scoping review, we investigate risk factors associated with going missing among persons living with dementia. We searched and screened studies from four electronic databases (Medline, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus), and extracted relevant data. We identified 3,376 articles, of which 73 met the inclusion criteria. Most studies used quantitative research methods. We identified 27 variables grouped into three risk factor domains: (a) demographics and personal characteristics, (b) health conditions and symptoms, and (c) environmental and contextual antecedents. Identification of risk factors associated with getting lost helps to anticipate missing incidents. Risk factors can be paired with proactive strategies to prevent incidents and inform policies to create safer communities.