bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of verruciform acanthotic vulvar intra‐epithelial neoplasia (vaVIN) using CK17, SOX2 and GATA3 immunohistochemistry
Authors: Cook Eleanor , Van de Vijver Koen , Parra‐Herran Carlos 
Published: February 2024

AimsVerruciform acanthotic vulvar intra‐epithelial neoplasia (vaVIN) is an HPV‐independent, p53 wild‐type lesion with distinct morphology and documented risk of recurrence and cancer progression. vaVIN is rare, and prospective distinction from non‐neoplastic hyperplastic lesions can be difficult. CK17, SOX2 and GATA3 immunohistochemistry has emerging value in the diagnosis of HPV‐independent lesions, particularly differentiated VIN. We aimed to test the combined value of these markers in the diagnosis of vaVIN versus its non‐neoplastic differentials in the vulva.Methods and resultsCK17, SOX2 and GATA3 immunohistochemistry was evaluated on 16 vaVINs and 34 mimickers (verruciform xanthoma, lichen simplex chronicus, lichen sclerosus, psoriasis, pseudo‐epitheliomatous hyperplasia). CK17 was scored as 3+ = full‐thickness, 2+ = partial‐thickness, 1+ = patchy, 0 = absent; SOX2 as 3+ = strong staining ≥ 10% cells, 2+ = moderate, 1 + =weak, 0 = staining in < 10% cells; and GATA3 as pattern 0 = loss in < 25% basal cells, 1 = loss in 25–75% basal cells, 2 = loss in > 75% basal cells. For analysis, results were recorded as positive (CK17 = 3+, SOX2 = 3+, GATA3 = patterns 1/2) or negative (CK17 = 2+/1+/0, SOX2 = 2+/1+/0, GATA3 = pattern 0). CK17, SOX2 and GATA3 positivity was documented in 81, 75 and 58% vaVINs, respectively, versus 32, 17 and 22% of non‐neoplastic mimickers, respectively; ≥ 2 marker positivity conferred 83 sensitivity, 88 specificity and 86% accuracy in vaVIN diagnosis. Compared to vaVIN, SOX2 and GATA3 were differentially expressed in lichen sclerosus, lichen simplex chronicus and pseudo‐epitheliomatous hyperplasia, whereas CK17 was differentially expressed in verruciform xanthoma and adjacent normal mucosa.ConclusionsCK17, SOX2 and GATA3 can be useful in the diagnosis of vaVIN and its distinction from hyperplastic non‐neoplastic vulvar lesions. Although CK17 has higher sensitivity, SOX2 and GATA3 are more specific, and the combination of all markers shows optimal diagnostic accuracy.
Effect of phosphorylation of long‐chain inulin on the rheological properties of wheat flour doughs with different gluten
Authors: Pei Lina , Luo Denglin , Wei Yifan , Li Peiyan , Yue Chonghui , Wang Libo , Bai Zhouya 
Published: February 2024

SummaryIn this study, double long‐chain inulin phosphate (PDFXL) was prepared by chemically modifying long‐chain inulin (FXL) through phosphorylation. The effects of FXL and PDFXL on the rheological properties of low gluten (L‐G), medium gluten (M‐G), and high gluten (H‐G) dough were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT‐IR) and rheometer. The FT‐IR and solubility results indicated that PDFXL exhibited stronger hydrophilicity and promoted protein cross‐linking. Rheological tests revealed that the apparent viscosity of L‐G, M‐G, and H‐G dough decreased with increasing shear rate. Notably, M‐G PDFXL doughs exhibited higher shear thinning behaviour. Additionally, in the frequency and temperature sweep test, M‐G and H‐G PDFXL doughs showed higher elasticity and viscous modulus. This study reveals the modification effect of phosphorylation on FXL, providing a scientific foundation for the comprehensive application of PDFXL in flour products.
Recent developments in the application of natural pigments as pH‐sensitive food freshness indicators in biopolymer‐based smart packaging: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Ndwandwe Bongekile K. , Malinga Soraya P. , Kayitesi Eugenie , Dlamini Bhekisisa C. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryRecently, the assimilation of pH‐sensitive natural pigments into biopolymers has shown promising prospects for pH‐reactive based smart packaging material. Unlike synthetic pigments, which have potential safety problems due to migration, natural pigments have negligible toxicity levels both to humans and the environment and some even possess nutritional and pharmacological properties. To complement the advantages of natural pigments, natural biopolymers have proven to be ideal candidates for the development of smart packaging because of their biocompatibility, availability, biodegradability, stability, minimum toxicity and good film‐forming capability. Smart packaging gives consumers real‐time signals on the quality of packaged food via food deterioration indicators like pH alteration. This review will consider the recent progress in the development of pH‐responsive smart packaging based on natural pH‐sensitive pigments and natural biopolymers from 2013 to the present. It will further discuss the challenges and opportunities of colorimetric smart packaging.
Shared residence and social security policy: A comparative analysis from 13 countries
Authors: Hakovirta Mia , Meyer Daniel R. , Haapanen Mari 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIncreasingly, children live in both parents' homes equally after parental separation, but little is known about whether social security policy supports these shared‐residence families. We propose that a determination of support for shared residence in various policies can be based on two criteria: whether both parents can receive benefits and whether the total amount received is greater than what would have been received if children lived with only one parent. We categorise support for shared residence in child benefits, housing assistance, social assistance, and guaranteed child support in 13 countries (Australia, Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Iceland, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States), using a 2017 questionnaire, policy documents, and previous research. Norway is the only country supporting shared residence in all four policy domains; three countries do not support shared residence in any. Policies on shared residence across domains are inconsistent. This research highlights the need to clarify policy for these families and to consider whether parents who manage shared parental responsibilities post‐separation should be assisted in new ways.
Sustained looking at faces at 5 months of age is associated with socio‐communicative skills in the second year of life
Authors: Viktorsson Charlotte , Portugal Ana Maria , Taylor Mark J. , Ronald Angelica , Falck‐Ytter Terje 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEfficiently processing information from faces in infancy is foundational for nonverbal communication. We studied individual differences in 5‐month‐old infants' (N = 517) sustained attention to faces and preference for emotional faces. We assessed the contribution of genetic and environmental influences to individual differences in these gaze behaviors, and the association between these traits and other concurrent and later phenotypes. We found an association between the mean duration of looking at a face (before looking away from it) at 5 months and socio‐communicative abilities at 14 months (β = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.08; 0.26, p < 0.001). Sustained attention to faces predicted socio‐communicative abilities over and above variance captured by mean fixation duration. We also found a statistically significant but weak tendency to prefer looking at smiling faces (relative to neutral faces), but no indication that variability in this behavior was explained by genetic effects. Moderate heritability was found for sustained attention to faces (A = 0.23, CI: 0.06; 0.38), while shared environmental influences were non‐significant for both phenotypes. These findings suggest that sustained looking at individual faces before looking away is a developmentally significant ‘social attention’ phenotype in infancy, characterized by moderate heritability and a specific relation to later socio‐communicative abilities.
Influence of quality of life related to perceived foot health between in a rural an urban population: A case–control research
Authors: Andreo‐García María Victoria , Navarro‐Flores Emmanuel , Losa‐Iglesias Marta Elena , Becerro‐de‐Bengoa‐Vallejo Ricardo , López‐López Luis , Saavedra‐García Miguel Ángel , López‐López Daniel , Gómez‐Salgado Juan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFoot problems are very common in the community. Studies indicate that between 18% and 63% of people have foot pain or stiffness and that foot problems have a large impact on people's functional decline and a significant detrimental impact on measures of quality of life related to health. The general objective of this research was to compare foot health in people from the rural population compared to people from the urban population and its relationship with quality of life. A case–control descriptive study was developed with a sample of 304 patients, 152 patients from the rural population and 152 patients from the urban population. Quality of life was measured through the SF‐36 Health Questionnaire in its Spanish version. The rural population group had a mean age of 46.67 ± 13.69 and the urban population group 49.02 ± 18.29. Regarding the score of the lowest levels of quality of life related to foot problems, the rural population group compared to the urban population group showed: for body pain (52.21 ± 30.71 vs. 67.80 ± 25.28, p < 0.001); and for mental health (69.58 ± 18.98 vs. 64.60 ± 14.88, p < 0.006). Differences between groups were analysed using Student's t‐test for independent samples, which showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). This research offers evidence that the rural population presents better levels of mental health and lower levels of bodily pain in the domains of the SF‐36 Health Questionnaire comparing with the urban population.
Role of TGF‐β3 in modulating inflammatory responses and wound healing processes in ischemic ulcers in atherosclerotic patients
Authors: Ma Tian Yi , Tang Shi Lin , Wang Bin , Wang Gan , Sun Chang Ming , Pan Jia Xi , Han Dan Qi , Li Jia Yang , Zhong Jiang Hua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIschemic ulcers pose a multifaceted clinical dilemma for patients with atherosclerosis, frequently compounded by suboptimal wound healing mechanisms. The dual function of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 3 (TGF‐β3) in ischemic ulcer healing is not fully comprehended, despite its involvement in modulating inflammatory responses and tissue regeneration. The main aim of this investigation was to clarify the functions and mechanisms by which TGF‐β3 regulates inflammatory responses and promotes wound healing in patients with ischemic ulcers who have atherosclerosis. Between August 2022 and November 2023, this cross‐sectional investigation was conducted on 428 patients diagnosed with atherosclerotic ischemic ulcers in Haikou, China. The expression and function of TGF‐β3 were examined throughout the different stages of wound healing, including inflammation, proliferation and remodelling. In addition to documenting patient demographics and ulcer characteristics, an analysis was conducted on biopsy samples to determine the expression of TGF‐β3, pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory markers. A subset of patients were administered topical TGF‐β3 in order to evaluate its therapeutic effects. The expression pattern of TGF‐β3 was found to be stage‐dependent and significant, exhibiting increased levels during the phase of inflammation and reduced activity in subsequent phases. TGF‐β3 levels were found to be greater in ulcers that were larger and deeper, especially in inflammatory phase. TGF‐β3 applied topically induced discernible enhancement in ulcer healing parameters, such as reduction in ulcer depth and size. The therapeutic significance of TGF‐β3 was emphasised due to its twofold function of regulating the inflammatory environment and facilitating the regeneration of damaged tissues. Ischemic ulcer lesion healing is significantly influenced by TGF‐β3, which functions as an anti‐inflammatory and pro‐inflammatory mediator. Its correlation with ulcer characteristics and stages of healing suggests that it may have utility as a targeted therapeutic agent.
Resurrection and redescriptions of nominal species previously regarded as synonyms of Thrissina mystax (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Teleostei: Clupeiformes: Engraulidae)
Authors: Hata Harutaka , Lavoué Sébastien 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExamination of the original descriptions and available type specimens of nominal species previously regarded as synonyms of Thrissina mystax (Bloch and Schneider, 1801), and many non‐type specimens representing an extensive geographic range, confirmed the validities of T. mystax, Thrissina porava (Bleeker, 1849), and Thrissina valenciennesi (Bleeker, 1866). Additionally, Engraulis poorawah Bleeker, 1872, a nominal species previously regarded as a junior synonym of T. mystax, is recognized as a junior synonym of Thrissina malabarica (Bloch, 1795). Diagnoses and detailed color descriptions are given for all of the valid species, in addition to clarification of their taxonomic histories, and neotype designation for T. porava. The phylogenetic relationships among 15 species of Thrissina (including T. porava and T. valenciennesi but not T. mystax) were reconstructed from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. T. porava and T. valenciennesi were not recovered as a monophyletic group, instead being divergent from each other and the other species of Thrissina by 12.4% and >11.7% mean uncorrected distances, respectively, confirming their reciprocal validity.
Flexural strength of 3D‐printed nanocomposite provisional resins: Impact of SiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles and printing orientations in vitro
Authors: AlGhamdi Maram A. , Alatiyyah Fatimah M. , Dawood Zainab H. Al , Alshaikhnasser Farah Y. , Almedarham Rawan F. , Alboryh Shaymaa Y. , Elakel Ahmed , Akhtar Sultan , Khan Soban Q. , Gad Mohammed M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate and compare the influence of zirconium dioxide nanoparticles (ZrO2NPs) and silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) addition and printing orientation on the flexural strength (FS) of provisional three‐dimensional (3D) printing resins undergoing thermal cycling (TC).MethodsThree dimensional‐printed resin (NextDent C&B MFH) was used to fabricate 300 bar‐shaped specimens (25 × 2 × 2 mm3). The ZrO2NPs and SiO2NPs specimens were divided into two groups, then subdivided into three groups, based on the nanoparticle concentration (i.e., 0 wt% (original group), 0.5 wt%, and 1 wt%). Each concentration was printed in three printing orientations (0°, 45°, and 90°). The printed specimens were exposed to 5000 cycles of TC, followed by a three‐point bending test to assess the FS. Fracture surface analysis was conducted by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). For data analysis, ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc were utilized (α = 0.05).ResultsCompared to the original material, the addition of ZrO2NPs and SiO2NPs had a significantly positive impact on the FS, (P > 0.001). After TC, the FS of the original group decreased significantly and had the lowest value. The highest FS value was observed in 1% ZrO2NPs at 0°. Regardless of the nanoparticle concentration, the 0° orientation consistently showed a higher FS, compared to the 45° and 90° orientations. At all orientations (i.e., 0°, 45°, and 90°), the FS significantly increased with the addition of NPs, compared with that of the original material (P > 0.001). TC had a significantly negative effect on the FS of the unmodified groups. However, no significant differences existed in FS among the modified groups after TC.ConclusionThe addition of SiO2NPs and ZrO2NPs increased the FS of the 3D‐printed provisional resin. Regardless of the nanoparticle concentration, the 0° orientation had the higher FS. TC had an effect on the original resin, whereas it had no significant effect on the nanoparticle‐modified resins. In clinical practice, 3D‐printed provisional nanocomposite resins printed at the 0° orientation could be recommended for long‐term dental provisional restorations.
Do what we did last year, but do not stray too far from the pack: A behavioral public finance approach to municipal cash reserves
Authors: Pierson Kawika , Thompson Jon C. , Thompson Fred 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe leverage a national panel of US municipalities to show that behavioral finance helps explain the number of months of expenses that municipalities save in cash and investment reserves. We hypothesize that municipal managers may be using numerical anchoring based on historical values to target the number of months of savings to hold and that they may also be engaged in social learning to target months of savings based on the behavior of neighboring municipalities. We test for these effects by combining two innovative techniques, a two‐stage regression designed to test for anchoring of present financial values based on theoretically unimportant historical values, and a measure of the spatial autocorrelation of savings to test for social learning. The results suggest that, in deciding how much to save, municipal managers are influenced by the levels of savings they held in the past and the savings levels of their neighbors, and that they underreact to changes in theoretically relevant economic fundamentals. Further tests also suggest that the smallest cities by population are more influenced by the behavior of their neighbors than their past savings, whereas the largest cities show the opposite result, effectively choosing themselves as their own role models.
Octacalcium phosphate collagen composite for periodontal regeneration in a canine one‐wall intrabony defect
Authors: Yamaki Daichi , Fukuba Shunsuke , Okada Munehiro , Takeuchi Shunsuke , Hoshi Shu , Matsuura Takanori , Iwata Takanori 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the regenerative capacities of octacalcium phosphate collagen composite (OCP/Col) in one‐wall intrabony defects in dogs. The background data discuss the present state of the field: No study has assessed the efficacy of OCP/Col for periodontal regeneration therapy despite the fact that OCP/Col has proved to be efficient for bone regeneration.MethodsIn six beagle dogs, the mandibular left third premolars were extracted 12 weeks before the experimental surgery. Standardized bone defects (5 mm in height and 4 mm in width) were simulated on the distal surface of the second premolars and mesially on the fourth premolars. The defect was filled with either OCP/Col (experimental group) or left empty (control group). Histological and histomorphometric characteristics were compared 8 weeks after surgery.ResultsNo infectious or ankylotic complications were detected at any of the tested sites. The experimental group exhibited a significantly greater volume, height, and area of newly formed bone than the control group. The former also showed a greater height of the newly formed cementum than the latter, although the results were not statistically significant. The newly formed periodontal ligaments were inserted into newly formed bone and cementum in the experimental group.ConclusionOCP/Col demonstrated high efficacy for bone and periodontal tissue regeneration that can be successfully applied for one‐wall intrabony defects.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the management of restless legs syndrome symptoms: A single‐blind, parallel‐group clinical study
Authors: Şanli Zeynep Selcan , Ortaç Emine Aygül , Binokay Hülya , Aktaş Kübra 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the additional effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on the control of the symptoms of restless legs syndrome (RLS). A total of 46 randomly selected patients diagnosed with RLS were divided into two groups in a single‐blind study to either receive pramipexole (0.25 mg daily) plus 10 sessions of TENS or only pramipexole (0.25 mg daily) for 4 weeks. The severity of the symptoms was determined according to the International Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale (IRLSRS) and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) at the beginning of the treatment, post‐treatment, and at an 8 week follow‐up. A significant time interaction was observed between the groups for all measurement outcomes, revealing differences in favour of the experimental group's IRLSRS and PSQI scores. A notable improvement was also observed in the IRLSRS and PSQI scores in both groups at the end of treatment and during the 8 week follow‐up period. In comparison with pramipexole monotherapy, the results of this study showed that the use of TENS therapy combined with a low dose of pramipexole (0.25 mg daily) is therapeutically beneficial in the treatment of RLS over an 8 week follow‐up period.
Hit‐and‐run or hit‐and‐stay? Unintended effects of a stricter BAC limit
Authors: French Michael T. , Gumus Gulcin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough they comprise a relatively small subset of all traffic deaths, hit‐and‐run (HR) fatalities are both contemptible and preventable. We analyze longitudinal data from 1982 to 2008 to examine the effects of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) laws on HR traffic fatalities. Our results suggest that lower BAC limits may have an unintended consequence of increasing HR fatalities, whereas a similar effect is absent for non‐HR fatalities. Specifically, we find that the adoption of a 0.08 BAC limit is associated to an 8.3% increase in HR fatalities. This unintended effect is more pronounced in urban areas and during weekends, which are typical settings for HR incidents.
Suicide following a conviction, solitary confinement, or transfer in people incarcerated: A comprehensive retrospective cohort study in France, 2017–2020
Authors: Vanhaesebrouck Alexis , Fovet Thomas , Melchior Maria , Lefevre Thomas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionSuicide rates are higher in prison than in the general population in most countries. The proximity of some suicides to prison events has only received little attention in comparative studies. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between suicide and four prison events: conviction, disciplinary solitary confinement, nondisciplinary solitary confinement and inter‐prison transfer, in a national retrospective cohort study of people in prison.MethodsAll incarcerations in France that occurred during 2017–2020 were eligible. Data were collected from an administrative database of the National Prison Service. Survival bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed with a Cox regression model.ResultsOf 358,522 incarcerations were included, among which 469,348 events and 449 suicides occurred. In multivariate analysis, suicide risk was higher the first day of disciplinary solitary confinement (HR = 42.1 [21.5–82.7] and HR = 119.0 [71.5–197.9], before and after a government decree on the disciplinary system, respectively. It was higher within 2 weeks after a transfer (HR = 3.5 [2.3–5.2])) or entry in nondisciplinary solitary confinement (HR = 6.7 [3.4–13.3]) and lower within 2 weeks after a conviction (HR = 0.6 [0.4–1.0]).ConclusionSolitary confinement and transfer were found to be precipitating factors of suicide in people who are incarcerated. These results offer interesting perspectives on prevention.