bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial assemblages in Arctic coastal thermokarst lakes and lagoons
Authors: Yang Sizhong , Wen Xi , Wagner Dirk , Strauss Jens , Kallmeyer Jens , Anthony Sara E , Liebner Susanne 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Several studies have investigated changes in microbial community composition in thawing permafrost landscapes, but microbial assemblages in the transient ecosystems of the Arctic coastline remain poorly understood. Thermokarst lakes, abrupt permafrost thaw features, are widespread along the pan-Arctic coast and transform into thermokarst lagoons upon coastal erosion and sea-level rise. This study looks at the effect of marine water inundation (imposing a sulfate-rich, saline environment on top of former thermokarst lake sediments) on microbial community composition and the processes potentially driving microbial community assembly. In the uppermost lagoon sediment influenced from marine water inflow, the microbial structures were significantly different from those deeper in the lagoon sediment and from those of the lakes. In addition, they became more similar along depth compared with lake communities. At the same time, the diversity of core microbial consortia community decreased compared with the lake sediments. This work provides initial observational evidence that Arctic thermokarst lake to lagoon transitions do not only substantially alter microbial communities but also that this transition has a larger effect than permafrost thaw and lake formation history.
Temporal and spatial variability of constitutive mixotroph abundance and proportion
Authors: Dobbertin da Costa Marcella , Gast Rebecca J , Millette Nicole C 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Mixotrophic plankton can comprise a substantial portion of the plankton community compared to phytoplankton and zooplankton. However, there is a gap in the understanding of conditions that influence mixotroph prevalence and activity in situ because current methods often over- or underestimate mixotroph abundance. A labeled prey-tracer method was utilized to identify active mixotrophs present at two locations in a temperate estuary over a year. The tracer method was combined with light microscopy data to estimate active mixotroph abundance and proportion. This study estimated that actively grazing mixotrophic taxa were more abundant in the spring and autumn compared to summer. Dinoflagellates typically dominated the mixotrophic taxa except during autumn at the low salinity location when cryptophytes dominated. Further analysis suggested that active mixotroph abundances might not be only regulated by environmental conditions favorable to mixotrophy but, instead, environmental conditions favorable to different mixotrophs utilization of phagotrophy. By focusing on mixotrophic taxa that were identified to be actively grazing at time of sampling, this study provided a more nuanced estimation of mixotroph abundance, increasing the understanding of how mixotrophic abundance and proportion in situ are influenced by the planktonic community composition and environmental factors.
A tale of two faults: statistical reconstruction of the 1820 Flores Sea earthquake using tsunami observations alone
Authors: Paskett T , Whitehead J P , Harris R A , Ashcraft C , Krometis J A , Sorensen I , Wonnacott R 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARY
Using a Bayesian approach we compare anecdotal tsunami runup observations from the 29 December 1820 Flores Sea earthquake with close to 200 000 tsunami simulations to determine the most probable earthquake parameters causing the tsunami. Using a dual hypothesis of the source earthquake either originating from the Flores Thrust or the Walanae/Selayar Fault, we found that neither source perfectly matches the observational data, particularly while satisfying seismic constraints of the region. Instead both posteriors have shifted to the edge of the prior indicating that the actual earthquake may have run along both faults.
The Cissus quadrangularis genome reveals its adaptive features in an arid habitat
Authors: Li Qingyun , Wang Yi , Zhou Huimin , Liu Yuanshuang , Gichuki Duncan Kiragu , Hou Yujun , Zhang Jisen , Aryal Rishi , Hu Guangwan , Wan Tao , Amenu Sara Getachew , Gituru Robert Wahiti , Xin Haiping , Wang Qingfeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cissus quadrangularis is a tetraploid species belonging to the Vitaceae family and is known for the Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) pathway in the succulent stem, while the leaves perform C3 photosynthesis. Here, we report a high-quality genome of C. quadrangularis comprising a total size of 679.2 Mb which was phased into two subgenomes. Genome annotation identified 51 857 protein-coding genes, while approximately 47.75% of the genome was composed of repetitive sequences. Gene expression ratios of two subgenomes demonstrated that the sub-A genome as the dominant subgenome played a vital role during the drought tolerance. Genome divergence analysis suggests that the tetraploidization event occurred around 8.9 million years ago. Transcriptome data revealed that pathways related to cutin, suberine, and wax metabolism were enriched in the stem during drought treatment, suggesting that these genes contributed to the drought adaption. Additionally, a subset of CAM-related genes displayed diurnal expression patterns in the succulent stems but not in leaves, indicating that stem-biased expression of existing genes contributed to the CAM evolution. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms of drought adaptation and photosynthesis transition in plants.
Limits of Domain Knowledge in Election Forecasting: A Comparison of Poll Averages and Expert Forecasts
Authors: Graefe Andreas 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Recent high-stake occurrences of polling error led some analysts to conclude that the polls are “broken.” One question is whether domain knowledge can help identify the direction and magnitude of polling error before the fact, which would reduce uncertainty and improve accuracy. The present study compares the accuracy of a poll average to 4,494 expert forecasts, obtained across three German federal elections. Experts’ domain knowledge was unable to improve upon the accuracy of polls. On average, experts’ forecast error was 34% higher than the corresponding polling error, and in more than half of the cases, experts’ forecasts pointed in the wrong direction. Polls remain to be an important source of information when it comes to forecasting elections, despite their limitations and underlying uncertainty.
Phylogenetics and environmental distribution of nitric oxide-forming nitrite reductases reveal their distinct functional and ecological roles
Authors: Pold Grace , Bonilla-Rosso Germán , Saghaï Aurélien , Strous Marc , Jones Christopher M , Hallin Sara 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The two evolutionarily unrelated nitric oxide-producing nitrite reductases, NirK and NirS, are best known for their redundant role in denitrification. They are also often found in organisms that do not perform denitrification. To assess the functional roles of the two enzymes and to address the sequence and structural variation within each, we reconstructed robust phylogenies of both proteins with sequences recovered from 6973 isolate and metagenome-assembled genomes and identified 32 well-supported clades of structurally distinct protein lineages. We then inferred the potential niche of each clade by considering other functional genes of the organisms carrying them as well as the relative abundances of each nir gene in 4082 environmental metagenomes across diverse aquatic, terrestrial, host-associated, and engineered biomes. We demonstrate that Nir phylogenies recapitulate ecology distinctly from the corresponding organismal phylogeny. While some clades of the nitrite reductase were equally prevalent across biomes, others had more restricted ranges. Nitrifiers make up a sizeable proportion of the nitrite-reducing community, especially for NirK in marine waters and dry soils. Furthermore, the two reductases showed distinct associations with genes involved in oxidizing and reducing other compounds, indicating that the NirS and NirK activities may be linked to different elemental cycles. Accordingly, the relative abundance and diversity of NirS versus NirK vary between biomes. Our results show the divergent ecological roles NirK and NirS-encoding organisms may play in the environment and provide a phylogenetic framework to distinguish the traits associated with organisms encoding the different lineages of nitrite reductases.
C-terminal truncation is a prominent post-translational modification of human erythrocyte α-synuclein
Authors: Amagai Ryosuke , Otomo Riki , Yoshioka Sakura , Nagano Hidekazu , Hashimoto Naoko , Sakakibara Ryuji , Tanaka Tomoaki , Okado-Matsumoto Ayako 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a protein related to synucleinopathies with high expression in the central nervous system and erythrocytes which are a major source of peripheral α-Syn. Recent reports have suggested the presence of α-Syn within extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from erythrocytes, potentially contributing to the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies. While Lewy bodies, intracellular inclusions containing aggregated α-Syn, are prominently observed within the brain, their occurrence in peripheral neurons implies the dissemination of synucleinopathy pathology throughout the body via the propagation of α-Syn. In this study, we found erythrocytes and circulating EVs obtained from plasma contained α-Syn, which was separated into four major forms using high-resolution clear native-PAGE and isoelectric focusing. Notably, erythrocyte α-Syn was classified into full-length and C-terminal truncated forms, with truncation observed between Y133 and Q134 as determined by LC–MS/MS analysis. Our finding revealed that C-terminally truncated α-Syn, which was previously reported to exist solely within the brain, was also present in erythrocytes and circulating EVs obtained from plasma.
Consumer Information Processing and Decision-Making: Origins, Findings, Applications, and Future Directions
Authors: Schmitt Bernd 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article chronicles the evolution of the two main paradigms within the Journal of Consumer Research: consumer information processing and behavioral decision-making. The work synthesizes interviews with preeminent scholars who have shaped these paradigms, featuring theoretical developments, key findings, and methodological innovations. This article also connects these perspectives to practical applications in advertising, branding, and retailing and identifies knowledge gaps to be addressed in future consumer research.
Characterizing HOD in filaments and nodes of the cosmic web
Authors: Perez Noelia R , Pereyra Luis A , Coldwell Georgina , Rodriguez Facundo , Alfaro Ignacio G , Ruiz Andrés N 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The standard paradigm for the formation of the Universe suggests that large structures are formed from hierarchical clustering by the continuous accretion of less massive galaxy systems through filaments. In this context, filamentary structures play an important role in the properties and evolution of galaxies by connecting high-density regions, such as nodes, and being surrounded by low-density regions, such as cosmic voids. The availability of the filament and critical point catalogues extracted by disperse from the illustris TNG300-1 hydrodynamic simulation allows a detailed analysis of these structures. The halo occupation distribution (HOD) is a powerful tool for linking galaxies and dark matter haloes, allowing constrained models of galaxy formation and evolution. In this work, we combine the advantage of halo occupancy with information from the filament network to analyse the HOD in filaments and nodes. In our study, we distinguish the inner regions of cosmic filaments and nodes from their surroundings. The results show that the filamentary structures have a similar trend to the total galaxy sample covering a wide range of densities. In the case of the nodes sample, an excess of faint and blue galaxies is found for the low-mass haloes suggesting that these structures are not virialized and that galaxies may be continuously falling through the filaments. Instead, the higher mass haloes could be in a more advanced stage of evolution showing features of virialized structures.
How do baryonic effects on the cosmic matter distribution vary with scale and local density environment?
Authors: Wang Yun , He Ping 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
In this study, we investigate how the baryonic effects vary with scale and local density environment mainly by utilizing a novel statistic, the environment-dependent wavelet power spectrum (env-WPS). With four state-of-the-art cosmological simulation suites, EAGLE (Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments), SIMBA, Illustris, and IllustrisTNG, we compare the env-WPS of the total matter density field between the hydrodynamic and dark matter-only runs at z = 0. We find that the clustering is most strongly suppressed in the emptiest environment of $\rho _\mathrm{m}/\bar{\rho }_\mathrm{m} \ \lt \ 0.1$ with maximum amplitudes ∼67–89 per cent on scales ∼1.86–10.96 hMpc−1, and less suppressed in higher density environments on small scales (except Illustris). In the environments of $\rho _\mathrm{m}/\bar{\rho }_\mathrm{m}\geqslant 0.316$ (≥10 in EAGLE), the feedbacks also lead to enhancement features at intermediate and large scales, which is most pronounced in the densest environment of $\rho _\mathrm{m}/\bar{\rho }_\mathrm{m}\geqslant 100$ and reaches a maximum ∼7–15 per cent on scales ∼0.87–2.62 hMpc−1 (except Illustris). The baryon fraction of the local environment decreases with increasing density, denoting the feedback strength, and potentially explaining some differences between simulations. We also measure the volume and mass fractions of local environments, which are affected by ≳1 per cent due to baryon physics. In conclusion, our results show that the baryonic processes can strongly modify the overall cosmic structure on the scales of k &gt; 0.1 hMpc−1, which encourages further research in this direction.
JWST reveals widespread AGN-driven neutral gas outflows in massive z ~ 2 galaxies
Authors: Davies Rebecca L , Belli Sirio , Park Minjung , Mendel J Trevor , Johnson Benjamin D , Conroy Charlie , Benton Chloë , Bugiani Letizia , Emami Razieh , Leja Joel , Li Yijia , Maheson Gabriel , Mathews Elijah P , Naidu Rohan P , Nelson Erica J , Tacchella Sandro , Terrazas Bryan A , Weinberger Rainer 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
We use deep JWST/NIRSpec R ∼ 1000 slit spectra of 113 galaxies at $1.7 &lt; z &lt; 3.5$, selected from the mass-complete Blue Jay survey, to investigate the prevalence and typical properties of neutral gas outflows at cosmic noon. We detect excess Na id absorption (beyond the stellar contribution) in 46 per cent of massive galaxies (log  M*/M⊙ &gt; 10), with similar incidence rates in star-forming and quenching systems. Half of the absorption profiles are blueshifted by at least 100 km s−1, providing unambiguous evidence for neutral gas outflows. Galaxies with strong Na id absorption are distinguished by enhanced emission line ratios consistent with AGN ionization. We conservatively measure mass outflow rates of 3–100 M⊙ yr−1; comparable to or exceeding ionized gas outflow rates measured for galaxies at similar stellar mass and redshift. The outflows from the quenching systems (log(sSFR)[yr−1] ≲ −10) have mass loading factors of 4–360, and the energy and momentum outflow rates exceed the expected injection rates from supernova explosions, suggesting that these galaxies could possibly be caught in a rapid blowout phase powered by the AGN. Our findings suggest that AGN-driven ejection of cold gas may be a dominant mechanism for fast quenching of star formation at z ∼ 2.
An environment-dependent halo mass function as a driver for the early quenching of z ≥ 1.5 cluster galaxies
Authors: Ahad Syeda Lammim , Muzzin Adam , Bahé Yannick M , Hoekstra Henk 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Many z ≈1.5 galaxies with a stellar mass (M⋆) $\ge 10^{10}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ are already quenched in both galaxy clusters (&gt;50 per cent) and the field (&gt;20 per cent), with clusters having a higher quenched fraction at all stellar masses compared to the field. A puzzling issue is that these massive quenched galaxies have stellar populations of similar age in both clusters and the field. This suggests that, despite the higher quenched fraction in clusters, the dominant quenching mechanism for massive galaxies is similar in both environments. In this work, we use data from the cosmological hydrodynamic simulations Hydrangea and EAGLE to test whether the excess quenched fraction of massive galaxies in z=1.5 clusters results from fundamental differences in their halo properties compared to the field. We find that (i) at $10^{10}\le \, M_{\star }/\mathrm{M}_\odot \, \le 10^{11}$, quenched fractions at 1.5&lt;z&lt;3.5 are consistently higher for galaxies with higher peak maximum circular velocity of the dark matter halo (vmax, peak), and (ii) the distribution of vmax, peak is strongly biased towards higher values for cluster satellites compared to the field centrals. Due to this difference in the halo properties of cluster and field galaxies, secular processes alone may account for (most of) the environmental excess of massive quenched galaxies in high-redshift (proto-)clusters. Taken at face value, our results challenge a fundamental assumption of popular quenching models that clusters are assembled from an unbiased subset of infalling field galaxies. If confirmed, this would imply that such models must necessarily fail at high redshift, as indicated by recent observations.
Cyclotron line evolution revealed with pulse-to-pulse analysis in the 2020 outburst of 1A 0535+262
Authors: Shui Qing C , Zhang S , Wang Peng J , Mushtukov Alexander A , Santangelo A , Zhang Shuang N , Kong Ling D , Ji L , Chen Yu P , Doroshenko V , Frontera F , Chang Z , Peng Jing Q , Yin Hong X , Qu Jin L , Tao L , Ge Ming Y , Li J , Ye Wen T , Li Pan P 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed analysis of the X-ray luminosity (LX) dependence of the cyclotron absorption line energy (Ecyc) for the X-ray binary pulsar 1A 0535+262 during its 2020 giant outburst based on pulse-to-pulse analysis. By applying this technique to high cadence observations of Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope, we reveal the most comprehensive Ecyc–LX correlation across a broad luminosity range of ∼(0.03–1.3) × 1038 erg s−1. Apart from the positive and negative correlations between cyclotron line energy and luminosity at LX ∼ (1–3) × 1037 erg s−1 and ∼(7–13) × 1037 erg s−1, which are expected from the typical subcritical and supercritical accretion regimes, respectively, a plateau in the correlation is also detected at ∼(3–7) × 1037 erg s−1. Moreover, at the lowest luminosity level (LX ≲ 1037 erg s−1), the positive Ecyc–LX correlation seems to be broken, and the pulse profile also occurs a significant transition. These discoveries provide the first complete view on the correlation between luminosity and the centriod energy of the cyclotron line, and therefore are relevant for understanding how accretion on to magnetized neutron stars depends on luminosity.
The dynamic surface evolution of halide perovskites induced by external energy stimulation
Authors: Cheng Feiyu , Wang Pengdong , Xu Chenzhe , Liao Qingliang , Zhang Suicai , Sun Haochun , Fan Wenqiang , Liu Guodong , Li Zhiyun , Kong Yaping , Wang Li , Li Fangsen , Kang Zhuo , Zhang Yue 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Tracking the dynamic surface evolution of metal halide perovskite is crucial for understanding the corresponding fundamental principles of photoelectric properties and intrinsic instability. However, due to the volatility elements and soft lattice nature of perovskites, several important dynamic behaviors remain unclear. Here, an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) interconnection system integrated by surface-sensitive probing techniques has been developed to investigate the freshly cleaved surface of CH3NH3PbBr3 in situ under given energy stimulation. On this basis, the detailed three-step chemical decomposition pathway of perovskites has been clarified. Meanwhile, the evolution of crystal structure from cubic phase to tetragonal phase on the perovskite surface has been revealed under energy stimulation. Accompanied by chemical composition and crystal structure evolution, electronic structure changes including energy level position, hole effective mass, and Rashba splitting have also been accurately determined. These findings provide a clear perspective on the physical origin of optoelectronic properties and the decomposition mechanism of perovskites.
Occurrence of larval fishes sampled by drifting light traps in the lower reaches of a South African estuary
Authors: Kisten Yanasivan , Kruger Michelle , Strydom Nadine A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The tidal occurrence of larval fishes was investigated in the permanently open Kowie Estuary on the warm-temperate coast of South Africa. Larval fishes were sampled in the mouth region using two drifting light traps deployed on the ebb and flood tides every second night for two consecutive 14-day periods, coinciding with the dark moon phase. A total of 553 larval fishes were caught, representing nine families and 26 species, of which Blenniidae and Clupeidae dominated. The prevalence of different estuarine association fish guilds was also tide-specific. Marine and estuarine species, such as Omobranchus woodi, were more dominant during flood tides, while marine straggler species, such as Sardinops sagax, which are not dependent on estuaries, were dominant on the ebb tide. Marine estuarine-dependents were only present during flood tides, potentially indicating ingress and entrainment within the estuary. The results confirm that light trap catches yield a different composition of species compared to towed ichthyoplankton net studies. Additionally, drifting light traps allow for better targeting of species with a phototactic response and reduction of incidental catch. Consequently, a mixture of gear is encouraged for more comprehensive surveys of larval fish occurrence.
Storm and tidal interactions control sediment exchange in mixed-energy coastal systems
Authors: Georgiou Ioannis Y , FitzGerald Duncan M , Hanegan Kevin C 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Storms can have devasting effects on shorelines, causing flooding and the destruction of property and infrastructure. As global warming and the frequency and magnitude of tropical storms increase, barrier islands comprising 10% of the world's coast may undergo significant change caused by beach erosion, loss of dunes, and formation of washovers and tidal inlets. Understanding how storms affect sediment transport at tidal inlets is an understudied subject that directly influences barrier island erosional-depositional processes and long-term sediment budgets. This study models hydrodynamics and sediment transport at a conceptualized mixed-energy, mesotidal inlet system using 10 synthetic storm tracks. We investigate the provenance and the role of various storm characteristics and timing between the peak storm surge and high tide on sediment fluxes for different grain sizes. We find that most storms (38 of 40) cause a net import of sediment into the basin that is sourced primarily from the updrift and downdrift nearshore and secondly from the ebb-delta. Very little sediment comes from inlet channel scour. Cumulative (net) transport correlates well with peak significant wave height because wave height influences bottom shear stresses and sediment suspension on the ebb-tidal delta and in the nearshore. The duration of the storm surge also correlates with net transport because it controls the period of flood-directed currents. Our findings help explain the formation of flood deltas inside tidal inlets and the formation of sand shoals in backbarrier regions. Storm-induced enlargement of these deposits represents a permanent long-term loss of sand from barrier islands that will lead to erosion.