bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of blood metabolic biomarkers associated with diabetic distal symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Chang Kuo‐Hsuan , Chen Chiung‐Mei , Lin Chia‐Ni , Tsai Sung‐Sheng , Lyu Rong‐Kuo , Chu Chun‐Che , Ro Long‐Sun , Liao Ming‐Feng , Chang Hong‐Shiu , Weng Yi‐Ching , Hwang Jawl‐Shan , Kuo Hung‐Chou 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundDistal symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is a common neurologic complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the underlying mechanisms and changes in serum metabolites remain largely undefined. This study aimed to characterize the plasma metabolite profiles of participants with T2DM using targeted metabolomics analysis and identify potential biomarkers for DSPN.MethodsA combined liquid chromatography MS/MS and direct flow injection were used to quantify plasma metabolite obtained from 63 participants with T2DM, 81 with DSPN, and 33 nondiabetic control participants. A total of 130 metabolites, including amino acids, biogenic amines, sphingomyelins (SM), phosphatidylcholines, carnitines, and hexose, were analyzed.ResultsA total of 16 plasma metabolites and 3 cholesterol‐related laboratory parameters were found to have variable importance in the projection score >1.0 and false discovery rate <5.0% between control, T2DM, and DSPN. Among these variables, five serum metabolites, including phenylalanine (AUC = 0.653), alanine (AUC = 0.630), lysine (AUC = 0.622) tryptophan (AUC = 0.620), and SM C16:0 (AUC = 0.630), are potential biomarkers (all p < .05) in distinguishing T2DM with DSPN from those without (AUC = 0.720).ConclusionsIn this cross‐sectional study, derangement of several metabolites in the plasma was observed in T2DM with and without DSPN, and these metabolites may be potential biomarkers for predicting DSPN. Longitudinal studies are warranted.
Response to Focus Issue: Buddhist Moral Emotions
Authors: Heim Maria 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTHeim responds to the five articles by anthropologists concerned with contemporary Buddhist practices and ideologies of emotions, arguing that a history of emotions approach that attends to the centrality of emotions and their evaluations can be important for ethics. She submits that while sometimes studies of moral psychology in Buddhist ethics have focused on individuals, these articles suggest how emotions can have a very public and collective impact on social, economic, and political life. She is also interested in how these anthropological studies of contemporary Buddhist communities trouble textual accounts of Buddhist ethics on central questions of giving, karma, merit, and compassion.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Buddhist Moral Emotions
Authors: Starling Jessica , Swenson Sara Ann 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThis introduction to the special issue on “Buddhist Moral Emotions” explains the need for analyzing affect and emotion for a full understanding of Buddhist ethics. The introduction surveys major works in the turn to affect and advocates for ethnographic research on Buddhism as a lived religion in order to address the role of emotion in Buddhist ethics.
Extension of distributional range with a new record of cyprinid Opsarius dogarsinghi (Hora, 1921) from river Torsa of Jaldapara National Park complex, West Bengal, India
Authors: Bhakta Dibakar , Manna Ranjan K. , Nair Sangeetha M. , Mandi Raban C. , Samanta Srikanta , Das Basanta K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA cyprinid, Opsarius dogarsinghi (Hora, 1921) was recorded for the first time in September 2021 from the Kodalbasti section of the river Torsa, Jaldapara National Park complex. In September 2021, gill nets with a mesh size of 30 mm were used to catch a total of three specimens of O. dogarsinghi from the flowing water in the Kodalbasti section of the river Torsa. The species is endemic and has only been reported from a few north‐eastern regions of India. The current research widens the species' geographical range from its original habitat in the river Torsa of West Bengal, India. The physicochemical properties of their riverine habitat were also described.
Ecological integrity of a medium‐sized river of a lake basin towards ecosystem health management
Authors: Osure George Owiti , Aura Christopher Mulanda , Getabu Albert , Omondi Reuben , Basweti Evans 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study demonstrates the use of a multi‐metric Fish Index of Biotic Integrity (FIBI) for assessment of ecological health of a medium‐sized river, under a gradient of human disturbances in the Kenyan side of the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB). Development of the index is based on water quality, river habitat quality and fish community attributes. The river was sampled from 2019 to 2020 during wet and dry seasons of the year at nine selected sites along its length based on the level of human disturbance. A total of nine metrics representing the structural and functional organization of fish communities were qualified using the separation power of Mann–Whitney U test (p < .05). Metric values at unimpaired, intermediate, impaired and no‐fish sites were used to establish the scoring criteria using inter‐quartile ranges. A 1, 3, 5 scoring system representing high, fair and slight deviation from the best site, respectively, was used in the final FIBI development. River mouth station had the highest FIBI score of 43, with extensive natural riparian buffer vegetation (>20 m) and 18 fish species implying least human disturbance. The midstream section had intermediate FIBI scores of 34–36, with wide natural riparian buffer vegetation (10–20 m) and 6–9 fish species that represented moderate human disturbance. The upstream section had the least FIBI score of 0, with no fish and narrow riparian buffer vegetation (<5 m) that indicated notable degradation. This study presents the preliminary results of using fish and habitat metrics for development of an Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) for a medium‐sized river in a lake basin, as a decision‐making support tool for effective management and conservation of water resources. The study recommends restoration of river habitat quality for improved ecological integrity of rivers in the Lake Victoria Basin.
Low‐energy defibrillation using a base–apex epicardial electrode
Authors: Okada Jun‐ichi , Washio Takumi , Sugiura Seiryo , Hisada Toshiaki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCurrent implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) require electric conduction with high voltage and high energy, which can impair cardiac function and induce another malignant arrhythmia. As a result, there has been a demand for an ICD that can effectively operate with lower energy to mitigate the risks of a strong electric shock.MethodsA pair of sheet‐shaped electrodes covering the heart were analyzed in three configurations (top–bottom, left–right, and front–back) using a heart simulator. We also varied the distance between the two electrodes (clearance) to identify the electrode shape with the lowest defibrillation threshold (DFT). We also investigated the ICD shock waveform, shock direction, and the effect of the backside insulator of the electrode.ResultsThe DFT was high when the clearance was too small and the DFT was high even when the clearance was too large, suggesting that an optimal value clearance. The top–bottom electrodes with optimal clearance showed the lowest DFT when the biphasic shocks set the top electrode to a high potential first and then the bottom electrode was set to a high potential. An interval between a first shock waveform and a second shock waveform should be provided for low‐energy defibrillation. Because the insulator prevents unnecessary current flow to the backside, the DFT of the electrodes with insulators is less than those without insulators.ConclusionPainless defibrillation using sheet‐shaped electrodes on the epicardium is predicated on the basis of results using a heart simulator.
Maternal Free Time: A Missing Element in Fertility Studies
Authors: Jarosz Ewa , Matysiak Anna , Osiewalska Beata 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStudies on mothers’ time allocation and fertility have predominantly accentuated the importance of paid work for fertility decisions and, in consequence, of policies that allow combining paid work and family life. In this view, work time is typically seen as the time taken away from the family and vice versa. This paradigm does not recognize that mothers may need time for rest and leisure, and that rest and leisure time should be separate from both professional and family time. This study investigates whether the amount of free time available to mothers and maternal leisure behaviors, level of tiredness, and satisfaction with the amount of leisure time are associated with second birth transitions. We use the data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, waves 1–20, and model time to second birth using event history models. We find that a mother's free time, tiredness, leisure activities, and satisfaction with leisure are significantly associated with second birth risk. A mother's education is an important moderator in some of these associations. This study brings attention to the complexity of mothers’ personal lives and emphasizes the need to look at them from a fine‐grained perspective.
Practical wisdom as conviction in Aristotle's ethics
Authors: Marechal Patricia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper argues that Aristotelian practical wisdom (phronēsis) is a state of conviction (pistis) in the goodness of our goals based on proper grounds. This state of conviction can only be achieved if rational arguments and principles agree with how things appear to us. Since, for Aristotle, passions influence appearances, they can support or undermine our conviction in the goodness of ends. For this reason, we cannot be practically wise without virtuous dispositions to experience appropriate passions. Along the way, I argue that this reading allows us to explain the shortcomings of self‐controlled and akratic agents.
Evaluating turnover intention as a proxy for behavior in the federal public service: Evidence from two surveys of senior civil servants
Authors: Limbocker Scott , Richardson Mark D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStudies of turnover in the federal public service often study intention rather than behavior and studies that evaluate the reliability of intention as a proxy for that behavior are rare. This article uses a novel data set that measures exit intention and behavior for the same senior civil servants to evaluate two aspects of the reliability of turnover intention as a proxy for behavior: (1) prediction error and (2) similarity of marginal effects. Overall, exit intention is a problematic proxy for behavior because it consistently overestimates the probability of exit. While coefficients from models of intent tend to have the correct sign, the magnitudes of marginal effects can be misleading, tending to overestimate corresponding marginal effects in models of exit behavior. Moreover, coefficients do sometimes change signs between models. The article discusses the implications of these findings and suggests the next steps to better use exit intention to understand exit behavior.
Cluster analysis of multiple impairment measures in evidence‐based classification for para‐alpine sit skiers
Authors: Liu Kaiqi , Ji Linhong , Ma Han , Lu Yijia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe International Paralympic Committee has been promoting the development of evidence‐based classification to reduce the subjectivity in current decision‐making systems. The current study aimed to evaluate the validity of the impairment and performance tests for para‐alpine sit skiing classification, and whether cluster analysis of the measures would produce a valid classification structure. Thirty‐eight para‐alpine sit skiers with different disabilities completed seven tests. During these tests, isometric trunk strength, trunk muscle excitation, trunk range of movement (ROM), and simulated skiing performance (board tilt angle) were assessed. Correlations between the measures and the board tilt angle were calculated. To group athletes, K‐means cluster analysis was performed according to how much the impairment measures affected the board tilting. There were significant correlations between all measures and the maximal board tilt angle (r = 0.35–0.81, p < 0.05). The cluster analysis revealed that the introduction of ROM and muscle excitation was an effective supplement to strength measures in improving the classification accuracy (53%–79%). It produced four clusters with strong structures (mean silhouette coefficient = 0.81) and large and significant inter‐cluster differences in most measures and performance between clusters (p < 0.05). The cluster analysis produced classes comprising athletes with similar degrees of activity limitation. All tests reported can help establish a more transparent classification system for para‐alpine sit skiers. This study also provides a reference for evidence‐based classification systems in other Para sports.
Evaluation of eyebrow position and upper eyelid laxity after endolift laser treatment
Authors: Lotfi Elaheh , DellAvanzato Roberto , Ahramiyanpour Najmeh , Shadmanyazdi Fatemeh , Khosravi Somayeh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe periorbital area is one of the most sensitive areas in the face, and many techniques are used to change the eyelid laxity and position of the eyebrows. Recently the use of noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques is developed so, the amount of surgical procedures has decreased. In the present study. We evaluate the effect of Endolift laser as a non‐invasive method on upper eyelid laxity and eyebrow position. Nine patients underwent Endolift laser and evaluated for eyelid laxity and change in eyebrow position. Two blinded physicians assessed the cosmetic outcome of improvement in upper eyelid tightening via photography 6 months post‐treatment. The physicians evaluated the patient's improvement degree using the photographs by two clinical factors: skin laxity and total cosmetic result. Also, eyebrow height from the center of the pupil (CPEBH), Central eyebrow height (CEBH), Lateral eyebrow height (LEBH), Medial eyebrow height (MEBH) were measured by ImagJ before and 6 months post Endolift laser treatment. Our results showed eyelid laxity and eyebrow height were significantly changed after treatment.
A role for fermentation in aerobic conditions as revealed by computational analysis of maize root metabolism during growth by cell elongation
Authors: Hunt Hilary , Leape Stefan , Sidhu Jagdeep Singh , Ajmera Ishan , Lynch Jonathan P. , Ratcliffe R. George , Sweetlove Lee J. 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYThe root is a well‐studied example of cell specialisation, yet little is known about the metabolism that supports the transport functions and growth of different root cell types. To address this, we used computational modelling to study metabolism in the elongation zone of a maize lateral root. A functional‐structural model captured the cell‐anatomical features of the root and modelled how they changed as the root elongated. From these data, we derived constraints for a flux balance analysis model that predicted metabolic fluxes of the 11 concentric rings of cells in the root. We discovered a distinct metabolic flux pattern in the cortical cell rings, endodermis and pericycle (but absent in the epidermis) that involved a high rate of glycolysis and production of the fermentation end‐products lactate and ethanol. This aerobic fermentation was confirmed experimentally by metabolite analysis. The use of fermentation in the model was not obligatory but was the most efficient way to meet the specific demands for energy, reducing power and carbon skeletons of expanding cells. Cytosolic acidification was avoided in the fermentative mode due to the substantial consumption of protons by lipid synthesis. These results expand our understanding of fermentative metabolism beyond that of hypoxic niches and suggest that fermentation could play an important role in the metabolism of aerobic tissues.
Techno-Economic Analysis of the Solid Oxide Semi-Closed CO2 Cycle and Comparison With Other Power Generation Cycles With CO2 Capture
Authors: Martinelli Matteo , Scaccabarozzi Roberto , Gatti Manuele , Campanari Stefano , Martelli Emanuele 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This work presents the techno-economic analysis of the solid oxide semi-closed CO2 cycle (SOS-CO2), a hybrid semi-closed cycle with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) recently developed by Politecnico di Milano for power generation from natural gas with near-zero CO2 emissions. According to previous studies, the cycle is able to achieve an outstanding net electric efficiency of 75.7%. while capturing more than 99% of the generated CO2. All the cycles components, including the fuel cell and the turbine, have been designed and sized with the aim of assessing the performance and the capital cost. The energy and economic key performance indicators are compared with those of two benchmark cycles with CO2 capture: the Allam cycle and a combined cycle with amines. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is performed on the forecasted cost of the natural gas and the SOFC stacks. The results indicate that the specific total capital requirement of the SOS-CO2 cycle (2504 €/kWel) is considerably higher than the Allam cycle (1926 €/kWel) and combined cycle with amines (1981 €/kWel). On the other hand, the SOS-CO2 cycle benefits from its far higher efficiency (74.0% versus 53.9% of the Allam cycle and 52.8% of the combined cycle with amines) which makes the cycle less sensitive to the fuel cost and CO2 tax. In terms of cost of electricity, the SOS-CO2 cycle turns out to be the best technology for natural gas prices above 8 €/GJ, while the Allam cycle appears to be the preferred option at lower fuel prices. For a fuel cost of 12 €/GJ, the SOS-CO2 cycle features a cost of electricity of 106.2 €/MWh, lower than the Allam cycle (119.1 €/MWh) and the combined cycle with amines (126.9 €/MWh).
Numerical Analysis of Flame Shape Impact on the Performance of Fuel Staging in a Lean-Burn Aeronautical Burner
Authors: Mesquita Léo C. C. , Vié Aymeric , Ducruix Sébastien 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The BIMER combustor is a lab-scale burner investigating fuel staging techniques as a stabilization strategy for lean premixed prevaporized combustion for aeronautical applications. Two stages compose its injection system: the pilot and the multipoint stages. The staging factor is defined as the ratio of fuel mass flowrate injected through the pilot stage over the total one. As three flame shapes were found experimentally, Large-Eddy Simulations are performed in this study to assess the impact of the flame shape on the combustion regime and stability of the burner. Two operating conditions were explored experimentally (pilot-only and multipoint-dominated) to validate the simulations and compare the three flames. An additional multipoint-only condition is also investigated for the V flame. The combustion regimes (premixed and non-premixed) and noise signatures (as a function of fuel staging) were compared to check whether these flames could benefit from the staging strategy. The M and Tulip flame combustion regimes are little affected by fuel staging, remaining mostly premixed and non-premixed, respectively, regardless of fuel staging. In opposition, the V flame changes from being mostly non-premixed to completely premixed when the injection is changed from pilot-only to multipoint-only. For the same staging factor values, the V flame also emits less noise compared to the other two flame shapes. These results show that the V flame shape is the only one that allows this burner to benefit from an efficient fuel staging strategy.
Evaluation of Water-Cooling Effect in Hydrogen-Fed SOFC for High-Efficiency Combined System Design
Authors: Kim Hye Rim , Kim Tong Seop 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
If pure hydrogen is used as a fuel in high-temperature fuel cells, waste heat must be removed by air cooling, which requires increased power consumption for supplying excess air. This study presents a hydrogen-fed solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) that uses water instead of air for stack cooling and improved system performance. A novel SOFC system with energy cascade utilization is also proposed using cooling water as the working fluid for a steam turbine. Water cooling for the SOFC stack cooling reduced the stack power and efficiency but significantly reduced the power consumption for supplying excess air by more than 60%. Under ambient SOFC operating pressure, the net power and efficiency of the proposed system were increased by 25.6% and 12.2%p compared to the air-cooled system, respectively. At an SOFC operating pressure of 1000 kPa, the proposed hybrid system with energy cascade utilization achieved improvements of 10.2% in net power and 7.5%p in net efficiency, leading to efficiency higher than 73%. This study is significant in that it proposes a novel high-efficiency SOFC system with energy cascade utilization by using two-phase water as a cooling medium and working fluid of steam turbine.
A Biphasic Fluid–Structure Interaction Model of Backflow During Infusion Into Agarose Gel
Authors: Ayers Arthur D. , Smith Joshua H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The efficacy of convection-enhanced delivery as a technique to treat disorders of the central nervous system is limited by backflow, in which the infused fluid flows backward along surface of the catheter rather than toward the targeted area. In order to improve treatment protocols, finite element models of backflow have been developed to understand the underlying physics. García et al. (2013, “Description and Validation of a Finite Element Model of Backflow During Infusion Into a Brain Tissue Phantom,” ASME J. Comput. Nonlinear Dyn., 8(1), p. 011017) presented a finite element model that accounted for the flow in the annular gap that develops between the tissue and the outer surface of the catheter by using a layer of biphasic elements with a formula for the axial hydraulic conductivity to represent annular Poiseuille flow. In this study, we present a generalization of that model using fluid-FSI and biphasic-FSI elements that are recently available in febio. We demonstrate that our model of a 0.98 mm radius catheter is able to reproduce experimental backflow lengths and maximum fluid pressures for infusions into a brain tissue surrogate and that it agrees well with the previous model by García et al. (2013, “Description and Validation of a Finite Element Model of Backflow During Infusion Into a Brain Tissue Phantom,” ASME J. Comput. Nonlinear Dyn., 8(1), p. 011017). The model predicts that the backflow length and the total amount of flow into the hemispherical region forward of the catheter tip is comparable for two different catheter sizes, albeit at a higher fluid pressure for the smaller catheter. This biphasic-FSI model has the potential to be extended to a stepped catheter geometry, which has been shown in experiments to be successful in controlling backflow.