bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Sociocultural Status on Periodontal Conditions in Pregnancy
Authors: Yalcin Funda , Eskinazi Esti , Soydinc Mahtaban , Basegmez Cansu , Issever Halim , Isik Gulden , Berber Lacin , Has Recep , Sabuncu Hilmi , Onan Utku 
Published: February 2005

Background: The effects of sociocultural status on periodontal conditions in pregnant women have been reported by a number of researchers and there have been speculations about the effects of hormonal changes, patients' systemic health, and socio‐cultural characteristics on periodontal health during pregnancy.Methods: This study evaluates the periodontal condition of 61 pregnant women at their first, second, and third trimesters, and the relation between the demographic (age, professional level, education) and clinical variables (previous periodontal care, frequency of tooth brushing). The clinical indices, including plaque index, gingival index, and probing depth measurements were repeated at the first, second, and third trimesters. The statistical tests used were stepwise analysis and paired sample test.Results: The results of the study showed that the plaque index, gingival index, and probing depth scores increased gradually in the first, second, and third trimesters, although oral hygiene instructions were given to the entire study population. The level of statistical significance was established at P <0.05. When the clinical parameters and demographic variables were compared, only educational level and periodontal care seemed to be statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusions: Our clinical index scores were related to the educational level of the study population. When the educational level of the study group decreased, the plaque, gingival index, and probing depth scores contrarily increased. Also non‐attendance for previous periodontal care increased the scores of plaque index and probing depth. In view of the results of our study, it might be suggested that simple preventive oral hygiene programs may help maintain healthy gingiva during pregnancy. J Periodontol 2002;73:178‐182.
Comparison of Platelet‐Rich Plasma, Bovine Porous Bone Mineral, and Guided Tissue Regeneration Versus Platelet‐Rich Plasma and Bovine Porous Bone Mineral in the Treatment of Intrabony Defects: A Reentry Study
Authors: Lekovic Vojislav , Camargo Paulo M. , Weinlaender Michael , Vasilic Nikola , Kenney E. Barrie 
Published: February 2005

Background: A combination of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP), bovine porous bone mineral (BPBM), and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) has been shown to be effective in promoting reduction in probing depth, gain in clinical attachment, and defect fill in intrabony periodontal lesions. The individual role played by PRP, BPBM, and GTR in this combined therapy is unclear and needs to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of 2 regenerative techniques for intrabony defects in humans: a combination of PRP/BPBM/GTR versus a combination of PRP/BPBM.Methods: Twenty‐one patients participated in the study. Using a split‐mouth design, interproximal bony defects were surgically treated with either a combination of PRP/BPBM/GTR or PRP/BPBM. The primary outcomes of the study included changes in probing depth, attachment level, and defect fill as revealed by reentry surgeries at 6 months post‐treatment.Results: At 6 months postoperatively, clinical examination of the treated defects revealed that both treatment modalities resulted in significant probing depth reduction and clinical attachment gain compared to baseline values. Probing depth improvement was 3.98 ± 1.02 mm on buccal and 3.94 ± 0.94 mm on lingual sites for the PRP/BPBM group and 4.19 ± 0.88 mm on buccal and 4.21 ± 0.92 mm on lingual sites for the PRP/BPBM/GTR group. Gain in clinical attachment was 3.78 ± 0.72 mm on buccal and 3.84 ± 0.76 mm on lingual sites for the PRP/BPBM group and 4.12 ± 0.78 mm on buccal and 4.16 ± 0.83 mm on lingual sites for the PRP/BPBM/GTR group. Reentry surgeries revealed similar defect fill for both treatment groups (PRP/BPBM group: 4.82 ± 1.34 mm on buccal and 4.74 ± 1.30 mm on lingual sites; PRP/BPBM/GTR group: 4.96 ± 1.28 mm on buccal and 4.78 ± 1.32 mm on lingual sites). None of the differences between the 2 treatment groups was statistically significant.Conclusions: The results of this study show that both combinations of PRP/BPBM/GTR and PRP/BPBM are effective in the treatment of intrabony defects present in patients with advanced chronic periodontitis. The results also suggest that GTR adds no clinical benefit to PRP/BPBM. Further studies are necessary to assess the individual role played by PRP and BPBM in the clinical outcome achieved with their combination. J Periodontol 2002;73:198‐205.
A Method to Assess the Clinical Outcome of Ridge Augmentation Procedures
Authors: Proussaefs Periklis T. , Valencia Gloria , Lozada Jaime , Tatakis Dimitris N. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Alveolar ridge augmentation procedures are often needed prior to implant placement or prosthetic rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative method to assess the clinical outcome of such procedures.Methods: Two volumetric methods, based on the volume difference between the pre‐ and postoperative ridge, were developed. Either a transparent vacuum stent material (method A) or a silicone impression material in a custom acrylic tray (method B) was used to make an impression of the postoperative stone cast. This impression was then filled with polyvinylsiloxane bite registration material (PBRM) and placed on the preoperative cast. The volume of PBRM at the site of the augmented ridge (corresponding to the achieved ridge volume increase, in ml) was measured gravimetrically. Two independent examiners used both methods, in random order, to assess the outcome of 6 diverse clinical cases. Triplicate measurements were made (method precision). Method accuracy was assessed by fabrication of metal castings (known volumes) applied on a preoperative cast to simulate an augmentation procedure.Results: Intra‐ and inter‐examiner reproducibility was high (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥0.84) for both methods. The volumetric measurements obtained by method B showed excellent correlation with the predetermined augmentation volumes (r2 = 0.99; y = 0.94x + 0.12), in contrast to the measurements obtained by method A (r2 = 0.46; y = 0.43x + 1.37).Conclusions: The developed volumetric method (method B) is both precise and accurate in assessing the outcome of ridge augmentation. This simple, cost‐effective, and easy to implement method should be helpful in clinical studies of ridge augmentation procedures. J Periodontol 2002;73:302‐306.
Periodontal Changes in Liver Cirrhosis and Post‐Transplantation Patients. II: Radiographic Findings:
Authors: Oettinger‐Barak Orit , Machtei Eli E. , Barak Shlomi , Baruch Yaacov , Ardekian Leon , Peled Micha 
Published: February 2005

Background: Liver disease and transplantation affect bone turnover. The role of cylosporin A (CsA) in aggravating bone loss is controversial. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of liver cirrhosis, transplantation, and immunosuppressive therapy with either CsA or tacrolimus on alveolar bone height.Methods: The experimental group consisted of 13 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients. A second experimental group included 24 post‐liver transplantation patients (PT) receiving CsA or tacrolimus. Seventeen healthy subjects formed a control group. Panoramic x‐rays were taken and digitized using a computerbased measurement software to assess alveolar bone height of all available teeth.Results: Bone loss in the PT group (4.57 ± 0.56 mm) was significantly higher than the control (C) (2.73 ± 0.38 mm); however, it was significantly lower (P = 0.0005) than the LC (6.47 ± 0.75 mm). Likewise, alveolar bone loss showed a trend for negative correlation (R = 0.404, P = 0.06) with the duration of immunosuppressive therapy post‐liver transplantation.Conclusions: Liver cirrhosis patients demonstrated greater bone loss compared to healthy controls. Restoration of liver functions following transplantation seems to have the potential to reverse some of these radiographic changes. Further longitudinal studies will be necessary to substantiate these findings. J Periodontol 2002;73:313‐316.
Formation of a Cyst‐Like Area After a Connective Tissue Graft for Root Coverage
Authors: Harris Randall J. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Many techniques have been developed to obtain root coverage. There have been few complications reported with these techniques. This case report chronicles the development of a cyst‐like area after a connective tissue partial‐thickness double pedicle graft was used to obtain root coverage.Methods: The root coverage procedure was performed as previously reported. Postoperatively, in the surgical area, the patient developed occasional swelling. It was possible to express a white material from the area. A biopsy was taken to determine the cause of the clinical findings.Results: Histological evaluation revealed the development of a cyst‐like area.Conclusion: The development of cysts does not seem to be a common event. However, this case report demonstrates that they are a possible complication of root coverage procedures. J Periodontol 2002;73: 340‐345.
Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation Periodontal Intrabony Defects Treated With Guided Tissue Regeneration. A Pilot Study
Authors: Joly Julio Cesar , Palioto Daniela Bazan , de Lima Antonio Fernando Martorelli , Mota Luis Fernando , Caffesse Raul 
Published: February 2005

Background: The aim of this clinical and radiographic study was to evaluate the effect of guided tissue regeneration using a bioabsorbable barrier in the treatment of intrabony defects in humans.Methods: Intrabony osseous defects (2 or 3 walls) around mandibular canines and premolars were treated in 10 systemically healthy patients with ages ranging from 35 to 56 years. Prior to the surgical phase, patients were enrolled in a strict maintenance program including oral hygiene instructions and scaling and root planing (presurgical PI and GI <10%). Patients were seen for professional prophylaxis during the duration of the study. Clinical measurements were performed with an electronic probe at baseline and at reentry 8 months following surgical therapy. Measurements included clinical attachment levels (CAL), gingival margin levels (GML), probing depths (PD), bone defect levels (BDL), and alveolar crest level (ACL). A split mouth design was used. Quadrants were randomly assigned for treatment by GTR (experimental) or open flap debridement alone control). Standardized radiographs were taken at baseline and at reentry. Digital images were analyzed by subtraction to assess changes in area (A) and optical density (OD). Data were evaluated using paired t test.Results: Statistically significant differences were found in both groups when comparing baseline and post‐treatment values for CAL, GML, PD, and BDL (P <0.01). Greater reductions in BDL and gain in A and OD were observed in the GTR group when compared to control (P <0.01). Both therapies were effective in improving the clinical parameters assessed.Conclusion: Clinical and radiographic findings from this study demonstrated more bone fill in sites treated with GTR. J Periodontol 2002;73:353‐359.
A Clinical Comparison of a Bovine‐Derived Xenograft Used Alone and in Combination With Enamel Matrix Derivative for the Treatment of Periodontal Osseous Defects in Humans
Authors: Scheyer E. Todd , Velasquez‐Plata Diega , Brunsvold Michael A. , Lasho David J. , Mellonig James T. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) and particulate anorganic cancellous bovinederived bone xenograft (BDX) have both shown favorable clinical results in reducing intrabony periodontal defects as compared to open flap debridement alone. These materials have shown results comparable to those obtained with guided tissue regeneration. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of EMD combined with BDX as compared to BDX alone, with a secondary aim to compare the treatment outcomes of the 2 modalities.Methods: Seventeen patients with paired intrabony defects and probing depths measuring ≥5 mm who were being treated for chronic periodontitis were selected for this controlled, blinded, split‐mouth study. Following non‐surgical periodontal therapy, sites were randomly selected to receive either a combination of EMD and BDX (test group) or BDX alone (positive control group). Baseline and 6‐month surgical reentry measurements were taken by a calibrated examiner blinded to the treatment. A paired Student t test was utilized to evaluate differences between baseline and post‐treatment and between the treatment groups.Results: Favorable clinical outcomes for both hard and soft tissue measurements were achieved for both treatment groups when compared to baseline (P <0.001). There was no statistically significant difference for any of the measured clinical parameters. Probing depth reduction for the test group and control group was 4.2 ± 1.1 mm and 3.9 ± 1.3 mm, respectively (P >0.8). Mean gain in clinical attachment levels for the test and control groups was 3.8 ± 0.9 mm and 3.7 ± 1.5 mm, respectively (P >0.6). Hard tissue measurements obtained at surgical reentry were used to calculate the bone fill (BF) and percent bone fill (%BF). The BF was 3.2 ± 1.4 mm and 3.0 ± 1.2 mm (P >0.6), and the %BF was 63.3 ± 16.3% and 67.0 ± 19.0% (P >0.4) for the EMD + BDX and BDX groups, respectively.Conclusions: In summary, both the particulate anorganic cancellous bovine‐derived bone xenograft used alone and in combination with enamel matrix derivative are effective for the treatment of human intrabony periodontal lesions. J Periodontol 2002;73:423‐432.
Subgingival Calculus Detection With Fluorescence Induced by 655 nm InGaAsP Diode Laser Radiation
Authors: Folwaczny Matthias , Heym Richard , Mehl Albert , Hickel Reinhard 
Published: February 2005

Background: It has been suggested that the 655 nm InGaAsP diode laser radiation can induce considerably higher amounts of fluorescence in subgingival calculus than in cementum. This in vitro study evaluated the use of fluorescence induced by the diode laser radiation for the detection of subgingival calculus.Methods: The study sample consisted of 30 extracted molars, premolars, canines, and incisors. The root surface of each sample was partially covered with subgingival calculus. The source of laser radiation was an InGaAsP diode laser emitting visible radiation at a wavelength of 655 nm. The fluorescent radiation reflected from the cementum and calculus was detected by a photoelectric cell integrated within the diagnostic system. The samples were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups of 10 teeth each for detection of calculus in various media. Specifically, the fluorescence was determined in air (group A), in electrolytic salt solution (group B), and in blood (group C). For each sample, the intensity of the fluorescent light was evaluated separately for cementum and calculus in triplicate measurements. The statistical analysis was performed using a t test at a level of significance of 5% (P <0.05).Results: The intensities of fluorescence radiation emitted by cementum were 0.4 (±0.51) in air, 0.4 (±0.51) in electrolytic solution, and 2.13 (±0.59) in blood. For calculus, the relative intensities of fluorescence radiation were 54.1 (±29.09) in air, 60.77 (±28.35) in electrolytic salt solution, and 39.63 (±29.79) in blood. The differences in fluorescence between cementum and calculus within each experimental unit were significant (group A: P = 0.0002, group B: P = 0.0001, group C: P = 0.031). The intensity of fluorescence in calculus was also significantly different between the 3 experimental groups.Conclusion: The present study indicates that subgingival calculus can be reliably detected on extracted teeth using laser fluorescence induced by the 655 nm diode‐laser radiation. In vivo studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical utility of this procedure. J Periodontol 2002;73:597‐601.
Lactoferrin Iron Levels Are Reduced in Saliva of Patients With Localized Aggressive Periodontitis
Authors: Fine D.H. , Furgang D. , Beydouin F. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) is associated with localized aggressive periodontal disease in juveniles (LAgP). Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron‐binding salivary protein that has been shown to kill Aa in its iron‐free form (apo) and reduce binding to host cells in its iron‐saturated form (halo). However, recent in vitro studies show that LF does not kill clinical isolates of Aa, and LF with reduced levels of bound iron does not interfere with its attachment. These findings suggest that colonization of Aa may occur more readily in an environment containing LF with low iron levels. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of LF iron levels in saliva of LAgP patients as compared to their age‐, gender‐, and racematched controls.Methods: Whole and parotid saliva was collected from LAgP patients and matched controls. Micrograms of LF/mg of protein as well as nanograms of iron/μg of LF were determined. Iron binding was determined in parotid saliva by addition of nonlabeled and 59Fe labeled iron.Results: LAgP patients' whole saliva had higher LF levels than controls, but their LF contained less iron (P ≤0.005). No iron was found in LF from parotid saliva in either group. When iron was added to parotid saliva, the LAgP saliva bound 20 to 30 times less iron than controls (P ≤0.001). Finally, LF was identified as the major iron‐binding protein in parotid saliva by 59Fe autoradiography and Western blotting.Conclusions: This study shows that the level of bound iron in LF is significantly reduced in LAgP patients compared to controls. These data suggest that LF from LAgP patients has a reduced capacity to bind iron and that LF iron levels may play an important role in Aa‐induced LAgP. J Periodontol 2002;73:624‐630.
Probing Bone Level Measurements for Determination of the Depths of Class II Furcation Defects
Authors: Suh Young‐Il , Lundgren Tord , Sigurdsson Thorarinn , Riggs Matt , Crigger Max 
Published: February 2005

Background: Probing bone measurements as an alternative to open bone measurements to evaluate regenerative procedures in furcation defects do not seem to be used as yet. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reliability of probing bone measurements in such defects.Methods: Fifteen patients scheduled for surgical treatment of a total of 30 mandibular molars with buccal or lingual Class II furcation defects were studied. During treatment, duplicate vertical and horizontal recordings of probing attachment levels, probing bone levels, and open bone levels were taken by independent examiners.Results: Deviations of both vertical and horizontal recordings between the first and second examiners were within ±1 mm in 90% to 100% of examined sites for all 3 measurements. Standard deviations of differences between pairs of duplicate recordings were also similar for the 3 measurements both for vertical and horizontal defect dimensions and amounted to 0.7 to 0.9 mm. On average, vertical and horizontal open bone levels were 0.9 to 1.1 mm deeper than probing bone levels. Probing bone levels, in turn, were 1.1 to 1.5 mm deeper than probing attachment levels.Conclusions: In view of the consistency demonstrated between probing bone level and open bone level measurements in mandibular Class II defects, coupled with the additional discomfort for the patient of a reentry surgery and a possible reentry traumatic effect, open bone level measurements do not seem necessary or even justified to evaluate effects of periodontal therapy in these defects, and can be substituted by probing bone measurements. J Periodontol 2002;73:637‐642.
Implant Placement in Maxillary First Premolar Fresh Extraction Sockets: Description of Technique and Report of Preliminary Results
Authors: Fugazzotto Paul A. 
Published: February 2005

Background: The postextraction morphology of the maxillary first premolar extraction socket presents a number of challenges to clinicians seeking ideal implant position, including the morphology of the lateral walls of the extraction socket and the presence of the interradicular septum. A technique for simpli‐fication of implant placement at the time of maxillary first premolar extraction is described.Methods: Sixty‐three implants were placed in maxillary first premolar immediate extraction sockets in 57 patients (36 females and 21 males), utilizing a technique which includes removal of residual interradicular bone prior to preparing the osteotomy, use of the removed interradicular bone in the extraction socket defect surrounding the implant, and swaging of the buccal and palatal osseous plates against the implant.Results: All implants demonstrated clinical stability upon uncovering. Forty‐one of the implants placed have been restored and in function for a period of up to 2 years.Conclusions: The technique described affords a simplified and predictable manner for placement of implants into immediate maxillary first premolar extraction sockets. Further studies should be carried out to document long‐term success and failure rates of implants placed utilizing this technique, and subsequently restored. J Periodontol 2002;73:669‐674.
Gingival Cysts in the Adult
Authors: Giunta John L. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Gingival cysts in the adult are unusual cysts of odontogenic origin with less than 100 reported, including this series. Even rarer are cases of multiple gingival cysts. This paper reports the second largest retrospective study of biopsy cases of adult gingival cysts with a spectrum of their features and another case of multiple gingival cysts.Methods: The files of a biopsy service were reviewed for the most recent 10‐year period. Data collected included location, age, gender, clinical features, clinical diagnosis, and histologic features. These were compared to previous reports. There was also a case report of multiple cysts.Results: Twenty‐two adult gingival cysts were retrieved, 2 of which were multiple. They are uncommon cysts of odontogenic origin, noted primarily the fifth and sixth decades with only a slight predilection for females. They occur more in the mandible the labial attached gingiva of the anterior teeth. Histology shows a very thin, uninflamed wail lined a very thin squamoid or cuboidal epithelium. Multiple cysts are very rare.Concluslons: Gingival cysts in the adult are uncommon cysts that are diagnosed at the clinical level about 50% of the time, with others being confused with a mucocele. They may be bluish due to the fluid and may cause pressure resorption of the labial bone, yielding a radiolucency sometimes confused with a lateral periodontal cyst. Treatment consists of an excisional biopsy. J Periodontol 2002;73:827‐831.