bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes of implant‐ versus abutment‐level connection in screw‐retained fixed dental prostheses: A 5‐year randomized controlled trial
Authors: Toia Marco , Parpaiola Andrea , Stevanello Nicole , Tattan Mustafa , Saleh Muhammad H. A. , Ravidà Andrea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the 5 years clinical outcomes associated with implant‐level connection (IL) versus abutment‐level connection (AL) for implants with an internal conical connection (ICC) supporting a screw‐retained fixed partial denture.Materials and MethodsFifty patients with 119 implants were randomly allocated to either the AL or IL group. Radiographic (Marginal bone loss) and clinical outcomes (Bleeding on Probing, probing pocket depth, plaque accumulation, incidence of peri‐implantitis and peri‐implant mucositis as well as prosthetic complications) were collected and compared at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years. A linear mixed model was used to evaluate the differences between groups.ResultsFive years after treatment, the MBL change was not significantly different between the groups at any point. The MBL was 0.23 ± 0.64 mm (AL) and 0.23 ± 0.29 mm (IL). The bleeding on Probing was 44% (AL) and 45% (IL) (p = .89). The mean probing depth was 2.91 ± 1.01 mm (AL) and 3.51 ± 0.67 mm (IL). This difference between the groups was statistically significant but clinical insignificant. Presence of plaque was slightly higher (p = .06) in the IL group (34.4%) compared with the AL group (26.3%). The overall technical, biological, and prosthetic complication rates were similar between groups. None of the implants developed peri‐implantitis during the entire follow‐up period.ConclusionThe results of this clinical trial indicated that all clinical and radiographical parameters were clinically comparable between the study groups.
Menthol induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation and migration of nonsmall cell lung carcinoma in vitro and in vivo through Akt pathway
Authors: Liu Zhiyu , Li Chunlin , Mu Ling , Hu Haiyang , Qin Xiong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAbout 40% of nonsmall cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) have already progressed in an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. Development of effective prevention and therapy approaches against NSCLC is critical for reducing mortality. As a fundamental ingredient of peppermint oil, menthol has been demonstrated to possess an antitumor activity in several types of carcinomas. However, the potential role of menthol on NSCLC has not been reported. The present study aims to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of menthol on proliferation, apoptosis, and mobility of human lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsCell apoptosis was examined by MTT and flow cytometry. The motility of cells was determined by Transwell assay. Western blot analysis was performed to determine expression level of proteins. In vivo model of nude mice was established for evaluating the influence of menthol on tumorigenicity of A549 cells. The expression lentiviral vector of Akt was established in NSCLC cells for further verifying the inhibiting effect of menthol on survival and mobility of NSCLC cells via Akt pathway.ResultsThe results showed that menthol promoted A549 cell apoptosis, suppressed cell proliferation, and motility by altering the phosphorylated protein level of Akt. Menthol enhanced the expression level of Bax while decreasing expression of Bcl‐2, Caspase‐3, and MMPs proteins. In vivo experiments suggested that menthol exhibited an inhibitory effect in tumor growth on xenografts. These results were further validated in Akt over‐expressed A549 and H1299 cells.ConclusionsMenthol could display an inhibitory effect on NSCLC cells through Akt signaling pathway, making it a potential target for NSCLC treatment.
Long‐term prognosis of fatty‐acid oxidation disorders in adults: Optimism despite the limited effective therapies available
Authors: Rouyer Alice , Tard Céline , Dessein Anne‐Frédérique , Spinazzi Marco , Bédat‐Millet Anne‐Laure , Dimitri‐Boulos Dalia , Nadaj‐Pakleza Aleksandra , Chanson Jean‐Baptiste , Nicolas Guillaume , Douillard Claire , Laforêt Pascal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionFatty‐acid oxidation disorders (FAODs) are recessive genetic diseases.Materials and methodsWe report here clinical and paraclinical data from a retrospective study of 44 adults with muscular FAODs from six French reference centers for neuromuscular or metabolic diseases.ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 44 adult patients: 14 with carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2 deficiency (32%), nine with multiple acyl‐CoA deficiency (20%), 13 with very long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (30%), three with long‐chain 3‐hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (7%), and five with short‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (11%). Disease onset occurred during childhood in the majority of patients (59%), with a mean age at onset of 15 years (range = 0.5–35) and a mean of 12.6 years (range = 0–58) from disease onset to diagnosis. The principal symptoms were acute muscle manifestations (rhabdomyolysis, exercise intolerance, myalgia), sometimes associated with permanent muscle weakness. Episodes of rhabdomyolysis were frequent (84%), with a mean creatinine kinase level of 68,958 U/L (range = 660–300,000). General metabolic complications were observed in 58% of patients, respiratory manifestations in 18% of cases, and cardiological manifestations in 9% of cases. Fasting acylcarnitine profile was used to orient genetic explorations in 65% of cases. After a mean follow‐up of 10 years, 33% of patients were asymptomatic and 56% continued to display symptoms after exercise. The frequency of rhabdomyolysis decreased after diagnosis in 64% of cases.ConclusionA standardized register would complete this cohort description of muscular forms of FAODs with exhaustive data, making it possible to assess the efficacy of therapeutic protocols in real‐life conditions and during the long‐term follow‐up of patients.
Twenty years on from the introduction of the high risk strategy for stroke and cardiovascular disease prevention: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Feigin Valery L. , Martins Sheila C. , Brainin Michael , Norrving Bo , Kamenova Saltanat , Giniyat Azhar , Kondybayeva Aida , Aldyngurov Daulet K. , Bapayeva Magripa , Zhanuzakov Murat , Hankey Graeme J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeEarly this century, the high risk strategy of primary stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention for individuals shifted away from identifying (and treating, as appropriate) all at‐risk individuals towards identifying and treating individuals who exceed arbitrary thresholds of absolute CVD risk. The public health impact of this strategy is uncertain.MethodsIn our systematic scoping review, the electronic databases (Scopus, MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library) were searched to identify and appraise publications related to primary CVD/stroke prevention strategies and their effectiveness published in any language from January 1990 to August 2023.ResultsNo published randomized controlled trial was found on the effectiveness of the high CVD risk strategy for primary stroke/CVD prevention. Targeting high CVD risk individuals excludes a large proportion of the population from effective blood‐pressure‐lowering and lipid‐lowering treatment and effective CVD prevention. There is also evidence that blood pressure lowering and lipid lowering are beneficial irrespective of blood pressure and cholesterol levels and irrespective of absolute CVD risk and that risk‐stratified pharmacological management of blood pressure and lipids to only high CVD risk individuals leads to significant underuse of blood‐pressure‐lowering and lipid‐lowering medications in individuals otherwise eligible for such treatment.ConclusionsPrimary stroke and CVD prevention needs to be done in all individuals with increased risk of CVD/stroke. Pharmacological management of blood pressure and blood cholesterol should not be solely based on the high CVD risk treatment thresholds. International guidelines and global strategies for primary CVD/stroke prevention need to be revised.
Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease criteria may underestimate the number of lean female nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients with significant liver fibrosis
Authors: Kobayashi Natsuko , Tada Toshifumi , Nishimura Takashi , Matono Tomomitsu , Yuri Yukihisa , Takashima Tomoyuki , Aizawa Nobuhiro , Ikeda Naoto , Fukunishi Shinya , Hashimoto Mariko , Ohyanagi Mitsumasa , Enomoto Hirayuki , Iijima Hiroko 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimIt remains unclear whether the newly defined concept of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) appropriately includes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with significant liver fibrosis.MethodsA total of 4112 patients in whom nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed by ultrasonography during medical checkups were enrolled. We defined a fibrosis‐4 index ≥1.3 in patients aged <65 years and ≥2.0 in patients aged ≥65 years as significant liver fibrosis.ResultsThe numbers of patients with a low, intermediate, and high probability of advanced ﬁbrosis based on the fibrosis‐4 index were 3360 (81.7%), 668 (16.2%), and 84 (2.0%). There were 3828 (93.1%) and 284 (6.9%) patients diagnosed with MASLD and non‐MASLD. The non‐MASLD group, compared with the MASLD group, was significantly younger (44 vs. 55 years) and had a higher percentage of women (62.3% vs. 27.7%). Significant fibrosis, defined based on the fibrosis‐4 index, was present in 18.5% of the MASLD group and 15.5% of the non‐MASLD group. In a multivariable analysis, female sex (OR 6.170, 95% CI 3.180–12.000; p < 0.001) was independently associated with non‐MASLD in patients with a significant fibrosis. Among non‐MASLD patients with a significant fibrosis (n = 44), body mass index was significantly lower in females than in males (p < 0.001). In a multivariable analysis of patients aged <65 years, female sex (OR, 7.700; 95% CI, 3.750–15.800; p < 0.001) remained independently associated with non‐MASLD in patients with a significant fibrosis.ConclusionsMASLD may inappropriately exclude patients with significant fibrosis, especially lean females with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Metabolomics of chemical constituents as a tool for understanding the quality of fruits during development and processing operations
Authors: Singh Narpinder , Kathuria Deepika , Barthwal Riya , Joshi Robin 
Published: November 2023

SummaryFruit is a crucial component of our diet, and breeding to produce nutrient‐rich cultivars necessitates a thorough examination of their metabolite composition. Fruit contains hundreds of different chemicals, including both primary and secondary (or specialised) metabolites. The structural diversity of health promoting and sensory attributes imparting metabolites and their complex interactions during fruit growth and developments were uncovered by high‐throughput metabolomics. Both targeted and non‐targeted metabolomics approach are used for the comprehensive analysis of small molecules from various complex matrices, addressing genetic, environment effect, metabolic programming, etc. With advances of mass spectrometer (MS), targeted metabolomics with non‐targeted metabolomics, MS‐based fingerprinting, profiling or imaging strategies and pseudo‐targeted are being employed to elucidate novel bioactive compounds. The exemplary reports cover a wide range of fruit metabolic implications, addressing the impact of processing on fruit flavour quality, the identification of sensory and nutraceutical biomarkers in fruits, metabolic alterations in fruits during post‐harvesting and future prospects. The examination of metabolomics profiles of multiple fruit species is anticipated to be benefitted for the expansion of fruits in terms of nutritional and health benefits aspects in the upcoming years.
Characterization of children's verbal input in a forager‐farmer population using long‐form audio recordings and diverse input definitions
Authors: Scaff Camila , Casillas Marisa , Stieglitz Jonathan , Cristia Alejandrina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is little systematically collected quantitative empirical data on how much linguistic input children in small‐scale societies encounter, with some estimates suggesting low levels of directed speech. We report on an ecologically‐valid analysis of speech experienced over the course of a day by young children (N = 24, 6–58 months old, 33% female) in a forager‐horticulturalist population of lowland Bolivia. A permissive definition of input (i.e., including overlapping, background, and non‐linguistic vocalizations) leads to massive changes in terms of input quantity, including a quadrupling of the estimate for overall input compared to a restrictive definition (only near and clear speech), while who talked to and around a focal child is relatively stable across input definitions. We discuss implications of these results for theoretical and empirical research into language acquisition.
Risk factors for surgical site infection after closed proximal humerus fractures
Authors: Li Ming , Sun Guang‐chen , Cui Jun , Lou Qi‐liang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProximal humerus fractures are common in clinical practice, and there are relatively a few studies on postoperative incision infections of such fractures. The purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) after internal fixation in patients with closed proximal humerus fractures. Patients with closed proximal humerus fractures who underwent surgery from January 2016 to January 2022 were retrospectively analysed. Cases with superficial or deep infections within 3 months after surgery were in the infection group and the remaining cases were in the non‐infection group. The types of pathogenic bacteria in the infection group were analysed. The potential risk factors for SSI in all patients were recorded: (1) patient‐related factors: gender, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, comorbidities; (2) trauma‐related factors: mechanism of injury, Injury Severity Score, visual analogue scale, fracture type, soft tissue condition and combined dislocation; (3) laboratory‐related indexes: haemoglobin, albumin; (4) surgery‐related factors: time from injury to surgery, American Society of Anesthesiologists anaesthesia classification, surgical time, fixation mode, intraoperative blood loss, suture method, bone graft and postoperative drainage. The risk factors for the occurrence of SSI were analysed using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. The incidence of SSI was 15.7%. The most common bacterium in the infection group was Staphylococcus aureus. High BMI (p = 0.033), smoking (p = 0.030), an increase in mean time from injury to definitive surgery (p = 0.013), and prolonged surgical time (p = 0.044) were independent risk factors for the development of SSI after closed proximal humeral fractures. In patients with closed proximal humerus fractures, weight loss, perioperative smoking cessation, avoidance of delayed surgery, and shorter surgical time may be beneficial in reducing the incidence of SSI.
Body composition and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhou Min , Xu Xuan , Ma Jun Yang , Qin Man Fen 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveIn this study, we employed a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the independent causal associations of six body composition traits with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsGenome‐wide significant levels (P < 10 × 5−8) of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with body water mass, total protein, whole body fat‐free mass, weight, whole body fat mass, and body fat percentage were used as instrumental variables. Data on GDM were obtained from the FinnGen Consortium, and both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization were performed. We utilized five different analytical methods including inverse‐variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode to assess the robustness of the results.ResultsWith univariable Mendelian randomization, the risk of GDM increased per 1‐standard deviation (SD) increase in weight (ORweight = 1.297, P = 3.06 × 10−5), whole body fat mass (ORwhole body fat mass = 1.408, P = 1.32 × 10−6), and the risk of GDM increased per percent increase in body fat percentage (ORbody fat percentage = 1.661, P = 1.01 × 10−8). Total protein had a protective effect on the risk of GDM (ORtotal protein = 0.880, P = 0.048). However, there was no significant causal association between increases in body water mass and whole body fat‐free mass per SD and the risk of GDM. Causal associations between weight, whole body fat mass, body fat percentage, and total protein with GDM were reduced to null in multivariable Mendelian randomization.ConclusionThe present study furnishes genetic evidence to elucidate the causal relationship between body composition traits and GDM. Additionally, further studies are imperative to establish a causal connection between body composition traits and gestational diabetes mellitus.
Stakeholder Existential Authenticity and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Odunjo Oyinkansola , Crane Andrew , McDonagh Pierre 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) research has been slow to address the impacts of CSR on stakeholders, especially in terms of the mechanisms explaining how CSR translates into positive stakeholder outcomes. We introduce a new mechanism into this literature – stakeholder existential authenticity (SEA) – that helps explain how stakeholder participation in CSR can enhance stakeholder wellbeing through the experience of being authentic. We develop an original conceptualization of SEA and integrate this into a model explaining the relationships between CSR participation, SEA, eudaimonic happiness, and subjective wellbeing, as well as the moderating effects of individual stakeholder attributes and CSR activity design. We explain our contributions to the literature on society‐centric CSR, authenticity in CSR, CSR implementation, and authenticity in management more broadly, before suggesting directions for future research and outlining the practical implications of our study.
Understanding the association between normal and maladaptive personality traits: Replication and extension of Morey et al. (2020)
Authors: Emery Leah T. , Evans Chloe M. , Dimitrova Julia , O'Keefe Courtney , Simms Leonard J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveThe Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) within the DSM‐5 includes separable components representing general personality dysfunction (Criterion A) and maladaptive personality traits (Criterion B). Some critique Criterion A for accounting for little incremental variance in PD beyond Criterion B. However, Morey et al. (2020) hypothesized that personality dysfunction is a key mechanism through which normal‐range traits account for the maladaptive component of personality traits, justifying its inclusion. We sought to replicate and extend this work in a psychiatric sample with mixed methods.MethodIn total, 152 participants recruited from mental health clinics completed multiple measures of personality dysfunction and normal‐range and maladaptive traits.ResultsReplication was only partially achieved. The degree of incremental prediction of maladaptive traits and the extent to which personality dysfunction explained the relations between normal‐range and maladaptive traits varied significantly across traits, and those effects that reached significance were small in magnitude. Removing variance due to personality dysfunction reduced intercorrelations among maladaptive traits by only a small amount.ConclusionCounter to Morey et al. (2020), our results failed to support maladaptive traits as composites of normal‐range traits and personality dysfunction, suggesting that other methods of distinguishing personality pathology severity and style are needed.
Is distance really dying? Transportation and knowledge spillovers
Authors: Cao Siwei , Ma Guangrong , Mao Hao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnhanced transportation infrastructure improves the frequency of travel and facilitates face‐to‐face communication. Will the resulting reduction in travel cost mitigate the geographical concentration of knowledge spillovers? Our empirical strategy exploits China's mass expansion of its intercity high‐speed railway network as a natural experiment. Using patent citations as the proxy for knowledge spillovers, we find inventors increasingly rely on more distant knowledge after rail connection and newly connect cities' innovation performance improves substantially.
Plant species richness hotspots and related drivers across spatial scales in small Mediterranean islands
Authors: Testolin Riccardo , Attorre Fabio , Bruzzaniti Vanessa , Guarino Riccardo , Jiménez‐Alfaro Borja , Lussu Michele , Martellos Stefano , Di Musciano Michele , Pasta Salvatore , Sabatini Francesco Maria , Santi Francesco , Zannini Piero , Chiarucci Alessandro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSmall islands represent a common feature in the Mediterranean and host a significant fraction of its biodiversity. However, the distribution of plant species richness across spatial scales—from local communities (alpha) to whole islands (gamma)—is largely unknown, and so is the influence of environmental, geographical, and topographical factors. By building upon classic biogeographic theory, we used the species–area relationship and about 4500 vegetation plots in 54 Central Mediterranean small islands to identify hotspots of plant species richness and the underlying spatial determinants across scales. To do so, we fitted and averaged eight species–area models on gamma and alpha richness against island area and plot size, respectively. Based on positive deviations from the fitted curves, we identified 12 islands as cross‐scale hotspots. These islands encompassed around 70% of species and habitat richness, as well as almost 50% of the rarest species in the data set, while occupying less than 40% of the total island surface. By fitting generalized linear mixed models, we found that gamma richness was mainly explained by island area and was weakly related to mean annual temperature (positively) and annual precipitation (negatively). As for alpha richness, after accounting for the idiosyncratic effect of habitats and islands, plot size and gamma richness remained the only significant predictors, showing a positive relationship. This work contributes to the understanding of the patterns and drivers of plant diversity in Central Mediterranean small islands and outlines a useful methodology for the prioritization of conservation efforts.