bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Perbandingan Resin Dan Katalis Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Komposit Fiberglass-Polyester Untuk Bahan Pembuatan Kapal
Authors: Alamsyah Alamsyah , Hidayat Taufik , Iskandar Arif Nur 
Published: February 2024

Penggunaan komposit berbahan dasar fiberglass banyak dijumpai dalam pembuatan kapal. Akan tetapi, penggunaan komposit pada proses pembuatan kapal belum memiliki standar mutu yang jelas dan baku mengenai perbandingan antara jumlah resin dan katalis yang digunakan. Sedangkan, jumlah penggunaan resin dan katalis memiliki pengaruh terhadap kekuatan dari komposit berpenguat serat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jumlah katalis yang dicampurkan ke resin terhadap kekuatan tarik komposit fiberglass-polyester. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen yang menggunakan mesin pengujian tarik dengan memvariasikan jumlah katalis pada resin dari 0,5% sampai dengan 2%. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa komposit dengan jumlah katalis 0,5% memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik 4,85 kgf/mm2, elongasi 2,43% dan modulus elastisitas 2,26 kgf/mm2. Komposit dengan jumlah katalis 1% memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik 5,02 kgf/mm2, elongasi 1,71% dan modulus elastisitas 2,96 kgf/mm2. Komposit dengan jumlah katalis 1,5% memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik 5,49 kgf/mm2, elongasi 1,97% dan modulus elastisitas 3,07 kgf/mm2. Komposit dengan jumlah katalis 2% memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik 4,97 kgf/mm2, elongasi 1,62% dan modulus elastisitas 3,11 kgf/mm2. Kekuatan tarik komposit fiberglass-polyester mengalami peningkatan di jumlah katalis 0,5 hingga 1,5% dan mengalami penurunan di jumlah katalis 2%. Nilai kekuatan tarik tertinggi terdapat pada komposit dengan komposisi jumlah resin 100% dan jumlah katalis 1,5%.-
Perancangan Bangunan Kapal General Cargo 17000 Dwt Untuk Rute Pelayaran Jakarta - Semarang
Authors: Ali Sulaiman , Japri Ramadhani 
Published: February 2024

Kapal general cargo adalah kapal yang mengangkut bermacam-macam muatan berupa barang. Barang yang diangkut biasanya merupakan barang yang sudah dikemas. Kapal general cargo dilengkapi dengan crane pengangkut barang untuk memudahkan bongkar-muat muatan. Pada perancangan ini direncanakan desain lambung kapal. Ukuran utama kapal didapatkan dengan menggunakan metode pembanding regresi yang didasarkan pada data 2 kapal pembanding yang di dapat dari korea register of shipping (KRS). Dari ukuran utama yang didapat kemudian dilakukan pembuatan rencana garis dan analisa hidrostatik yang sesuai dengan standar IMO. Dari hasil perencanaan didapat untuk kapal berkapasitas 17000 DWT didapat dimensi kapal dengan length over all (LOA) 153,45 m, length between prependiculars (LBP) 144,24 m, Length on load waterline (LWL) 147,85 m, lebar (B) 25,27 m, tinggi (H) 13,5 m, sarat (T) 9,52 m, kecepatan (V) 14,75 Knot, coeffisien block (Cb) 0,7, coeffisien midship (Cm) 0,79, coeffisien waterline (Cw) 0,81, coeffisien prismatic horizontal (Cph) 0,91, coeffisien prismatic vertical (Cpv) 0,89, volume 25520,5 m3. Metode kapal pembanding ini memudahkan perancang kapal dengan hasil yang akurat.
Public Councils under the Federal Tax Service of Russia and its territorial divisions: current problems and development prospects
Authors: Petrenko Elena Gennad'evna , Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Borisova Anna Anatol'evna , Poyarkov Sergei Yur'evich 
Published: February 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of modern problems and prospects for the development of public councils under the Federal Tax Service of Russia (hereinafter also referred to as the Federal Tax Service) and its territorial divisions. The paper substantiates the place and role of the institute of public control in the system of legal guarantees for the implementation and protection of both constitutional principles (in particular, democracy and participation of citizens of the Russian Federation) and the entire system of human and civil rights and freedoms. The most important objects of public control in Russia are the activities, acts and decisions of public authorities, including the Federal Tax Service and its territorial divisions. The authors analyze the role and importance of public councils under the Federal Tax Service and its territorial divisions in the system of subjects of public control. The article uses a number of scientific research methods: formal-logical; comparative-legal; historical-legal; statistical; sociological; financial analysis; method of analyzing specific legal situations. The organization and activities of public councils under the Federal Tax Service and its territorial divisions are associated with numerous problems, including: the lack of formalization of public control in the Constitution of Russia; the failure to consolidate the institution of public control in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation; the "non-public" mechanism for the formation of these types of subjects of public control; weak powers of these subjects; not the development of special forms, methods and types of measures of public control over the activities, acts and decisions of tax authorities in the domestic scientific legal doctrine; the weak organizational and property base of the above-mentioned subjects of public control and their insufficient use of modern information and communication technologies in their work. The work has developed and justified a system of measures to resolve these problems.
Visions of a Digital Nation
Authors: Ward Jacob 
Published: February 2024

Why the privatization of British Telecom signaled a pivotal moment in the rise of neoliberalism, and how it was shaped by the longer development and digitalization of Britain's telecommunications infrastructure.
When Margaret Thatcher sold British Telecom for £3.6 billion in 1984, it became not only, at the time, the largest stock flotation in history, but also a watershed moment in the rise of neoliberalism and deregulation. In Visions of a Digital Nation, Jacob Ward offers an incisive interdisciplinary perspective on how technology prefigured this pivot. Giving due consideration to the politicians, engineers, and managers who paved the way for this historic moment, Ward illustrates how the decision validated the privatization of public utilities and tied digital technology to free market rationales.
In this examination of the national and, at times, global history of technology, Ward's approach is sweeping. Utilizing infrastructure studies, environmental history, and urban and local history, Ward explores Britain's nationalist and welfarist plans for a digital information utility and shows how these projects contested and adapted to the “market turn” under Margaret Thatcher. Ultimately, Visions of a Digital Nation compellingly argues that politicians did not impose neoliberalism top-down, but that technology, engineers, and managers shaped these politics from the bottom up.
The Impact of Intense-pulsed Light and Modified Kligman’s Formula for Management of the Moderate to Severe Melasma: A Comparative Study
Authors: Elethawi Ali Mozan Dhahir , Al-Gurairi Fahim Thabit 
Published: February 2024

Background: Melasma is a common pigmentary disorder that poses therapeutic challenges, so a variety of treatment modalities have been used in targeting pigmentation of melasma such as laser, Intense-pulsed light (IPL) and topical depigmented agents.
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of Intense-pulsed light (IPL) with modified kligman formula (triple combination) versus IPL alone in the treatment of melasma.
Methods: Forty-one patients with melasma (20 group-A and 21 group -B) were selected, mostly of skin type III, IV and V. Treatment is performed by using a session of IPL then daily use modified kligman formula at night and glycerin cream as moisturizer in the morning and with use of sunscreen in group -A for 4 sessions while group -B patients were treated by IPL alone at 4-week intervals. All the patients were photographed before starting the therapy and at the end of four IPL sessions.
Results: Most of the patients in both groups had showed a good improvement in their melasma with the use of our treatment with adequate sun protection. The Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) scores significantly decreased in both groups after the treatment especially in epidermal types and also mixed types though no statistical difference was established among final MASI values of patients with dermal type in group-B.
Conclusion: The use of IPL sessions and triple mixture cream seems to be more effective than IPL sessions alone. It is an easy and a good option for patients with melasma. Adverse effects were minimal and acceptable with good satisfaction rate among patients.
Gastric Adenocarcinoma With Enteroblastic Differentiation: Lessons From a Rare Case
Authors: Takahashi Kunihiko , Yokoyama Masaya , Kita Junji , Hirayama Nobuo , Chochi Kentaro , Nakagawa Aya , Kinoshita Mayuko , Toyoda Hiroe , Kinoshita Kazuya , Omori Keita , Furihata Makoto , Furihata Tadashi , Sano Keiji , Matsubara Hisahiro 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (GAED), also known as clear cell carcinoma or fetal gut-like adenocarcinoma, is a special type of adenocarcinoma characterized by primitive intestine-like structures. GAED partially overlaps with α-fetoprotein–producing gastric carcinoma (APGC). There is insufficient information on the biologic behavior of GAED, which has a worse prognosis compared with conventional gastric carcinoma (GC).

Case presentation
We introduce an 82-year-old man who presented 4 years ago with severe epigastralgia; the patient then underwent distal gastrectomy for a large GC. The patient received an initial diagnosis of well-to-moderately differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma with lymphatic invasion and without nodal involvement, resulting in a TNM classification of T1N0M0, stage IB. Follow-up computed tomography 31 months after the gastrectomy revealed a hepatic lesion. Lateral segmentectomy of the liver was performed for therapeutic diagnosis. Pathology specimens from the resected tissue were characterized by glycogen-rich neoplastic cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm with a focal glandular component on hematoxylin-eosin staining and periodic acid–Schiff staining. By retrospective analysis using immunohistochemical staining, Glypican 3 was partially positive and spalt-like transcription factor 4 (SALL-4) was strongly positive in the resected GC and metastatic hepatic carcinoma, indicating that GAED metastasized to the liver.

Conclusions
Although exceedingly rare, surgeons should recognize GAED as one of the special types of GC. Treatment guidelines for GAED have not yet been established; however, pathological confirmation of GAED when encountering an APGC by immunohistochemical staining for Glypican 3 and SALL-4 is essential to recognize its malignant biological behavior unlike conventional GC.
DNA adduct formation by 7H‐dibenzo[c,g]carbazole and its tissue‐ and organ‐specific derivatives in Chinese hamster V79 cell lines stably expressing cytochrome P450 enzymes
Authors: Gábelová Alena , Binková Blanka , Valovičová Zuzana , Šrám Radim J. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe cytochrome P4501A subfamily (CYP1A) is involved in the metabolic activation of 7H‐dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (DBC) and its tissue‐ and organ‐specific derivatives, N‐methyldibenzo[c,g]carbazole (MeDBC)and 5,9‐dimethyldibenzo[c,g]carbazole (diMeDBC). In this study, we have evaluated the relationship between the tissue specificity and 32P‐postlabeled adduct patterns produced by these compounds by using a panel of Chinese hamster V79 cell lines stably expressing human CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 and/or N‐acetyltransferase. Treatment of the parental cell lines V79MZ and V79NH, which are devoid of any CYP activity, with DBC and its derivatives did not result in detectable adducts. The highest DNA adduct levels were found in CYP1A1‐expressing V79MZh1A1 cells after DBC and MeDBC treatment (24.5 ± 7.2 and 16.2 ± 3.6 adducts/108 nucleotides, respectively). Exposure of this cell line to DBC resulted in five distinct spots, while six spots with different chromatographic mobilities were detected in MeDBC‐treated cells. DiMeDBC produced only very low levels of DNA adducts in V79MZh1A1 cells. DBC and MeDBC formed relatively low levels of DNA adducts in CYP1A2‐expressing V79MZh1A2 cells (0.7 ± 0.2 and 2.1 ± 1.2 adducts/108 nucleotides, respectively). DBC formed three weak spots and MeDBC five spots in V79MZh1A2 cells, and all the spots had different chromatographic mobilities. In contrast, diMeDBC did not induce any DNA adducts in these cells, although diMeDBC induced a significant dose‐dependent increase in micronucleus frequency under similar treatment conditions (r = 0.76; P < 0.001). The significant increase in DNA damage in the Comet assay following incubation of exposed cells with a repair‐specific endonuclease (Fpg protein) suggests that base modifications such as 8‐oxodG or Fapy‐adducts might be responsible for the genotoxicity of diMeDBC in V79MZh1A2 cells. The similarities between the DNA adduct patterns produced by DBC and MeDBC in V79MZh1A1 and V79MZh1A2 cells suggest that biotransformation mediated via CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 might depend on a PAH‐type pathway involving the aromatic ring system. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transformation of the microvascular system during multistage tumorigenesis
Authors: Ryschich Eduard , Schmidt Jan , Hämmerling Günter J. , Klar Ernst , Ganss Ruth 
Published: November 2004

AbstractSimian virus SV40 large T Antigen expression in the islets of Langerhans of transgenic mice results in β‐cell hyperproliferation, onset of new blood vessel formation and the development of highly vascularized solid tumors. Angiogenesis in the RIPTag mouse model, as well as in human cancer, is a hallmark of multistage tumorigenesis and precedes the development of solid tumors. In our study, intravital microscopy was used to monitor changes in the blood vessel phenotype, microcirculation and leukocyte adhesion during the progression from normal islets to angiogenic islets and solid tumors. In RIP1‐Tag5 mice, an aberrant microangioarchitecture becomes apparent in early stages during spontaneous tumor development. Notably, the transition from normal to angiogenic islets is characterized by an increase in vessel diameter rather than vessel numbers. Thus, dilatation of existing vessels precedes vessel sprouting. Once initiated, neovascularization in angiogenic islets results in loss of vessel hierarchy and differentiation. Solid insulinomas display a higher vessel density and even more dramatic vessel heterogeneity as revealed by local “hot spots” of neovascularization and irregular vessel diameters. Strikingly, profound changes in the microangioarchitecture are already observed in early angiogenic islets suggesting that key features of the angiogenic vasculature are established prior to the expansion of tumor mass. Moreover, adhesion of leukocytes was found to be dramatically decreased in both angiogenic islets and solid tumors and correlates with morphological alterations of the vasculature. Thus, vessel transformation and reduced leukocyte‐endothelium interactions are not exclusively features of solid tumors but represent early events during tumorigenesis. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Geographical epidemiology of prostate cancer in Great Britain
Authors: Jarup Lars , Best Nicky , Toledano Mireille B. , Wakefield Jon , Elliott Paul 
Published: November 2004

AbstractProstate cancer incidence has increased during recent years, possibly linked to environmental exposures. Exposure to environmental carcinogens is unlikely to be evenly distributed geographically, which may give rise to variations in disease occurrence that is detectable in a spatial analysis. The aim of our study was to examine the spatial variation of prostate cancer in Great Britain at ages 45–64 years. Spatial variation was examined across electoral wards from 1975–1991. Poisson regression was used to examine regional, urbanisation and socioeconomic effects, while Bayesian mapping techniques were used to assess spatial variability. There was an indication of geographical differences in prostate cancer risk at a regional level, ranging from 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78–0.87) to 1.2 (95% CI: 1.1–1.3) across regions. There was significant heterogeneity in the risk across wards, although the range of relative risks was narrow. More detailed spatial analyses within 4 regions did not indicate any clear evidence of localised geographical clustering for prostate cancer. The absence of any marked geographical variability at a small‐area scale argues against a geographically varying environmental factor operating strongly in the aetiology of prostate cancer. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human papillomavirus type 16 E6‐enhanced susceptibility to apoptosis induced by TNF in A2780 human ovarian cancer cell line
Authors: Vikhanskaya Faina , Falugi Carla , Valente Piera , Russo Patrizia 
Published: November 2004

AbstractIn our study, we show that expression of HPV‐16 E6 sensitizes TNF‐induced cytotoxicity of human ovarian cancer cell line A2780. This effect is not related to a different number of TNF receptors present on cell membrane. The major induction of massive apoptosis induced by TNF is not p53‐ and p21waf‐1‐dependent but it is principally related to NF‐κB inhibition in A2780/E6 cells. Consistently to NF‐κB inhibition a rapidly release of cytochrome c and severe induction of DNA fragmentation are seen in A2780/E6 cells. Also in human colon cancer cell line HCT‐116/E6 the expression of HPV‐16 E6 enhances TNF‐cytotoxicity. This effect is not present in the HCT‐116/mu‐p53 clone (transfected with a dominant‐negative mutated p53 transgene). Thus, taken together all these observations suggest that HPV‐16 E6 sensitizes A2780 and HCT‐116 cells to TNF; this effect is not p53‐dependent, but it is essentially mediated through an inhibition in activating NF‐κB activities. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Wear particles and surface topographies are modulators of osteoclastogenesis in vitro
Authors: Sommer Beatrice , Felix Rolf , Sprecher Christoph , Leunig Michael , Ganz Reinhold , Hofstetter Willy 
Published: November 2004

AbstractProsthetic and osteosynthetic implants from metal alloys will be indispensable in orthopedic surgery, as long as tissue engineering and biodegradable bone substitutes do not lead to products that will be applied in clinical routine for the repair of bone, cartilage, and joint defects. Therefore, the elucidation of the interactions between the periprosthetic tissues and the implant remains of clinical relevance and several factors are known to affect the longevity of implants. Within this study, the effects of metal particles and surface topography on the recruitment of osteoclasts was investigated in vitro in a coculture of osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. The cells were grown in the presence of particles of different sizes and chemical composition or on metal discs with polished or sandblasted surfaces, respectively. At the end of the culture, newly formed osteoclasts were counted. Osteoclastogenesis was reduced when particles were added directly to the coculture. The effect depended on the size of the particles, small particles exerting stronger effects than larger ones. The chemical composition of the particles, however, did not affect the development of osteoclasts. In cocultures grown on sandblasted surfaces, osteoclasts developed at higher rates than they did in cultures on polished surfaces. The data demonstrate that wear particles and implant surfaces affect osteoclastogenesis and thus may be involved in the induction of local bone resorption and the formation of osteolytic lesions, leading eventually to the loosening of orthopedic implants. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 72A: 67–76, 2005
Adhesive and mechanical properties of hydrogels influence neurite extension
Authors: Gunn Jonathan W. , Turner Suzanne D. , Mann Brenda K. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractPhotopolymerizable polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels conjugated with bioactive ligands were examined for their use as scaffolds in peripheral nerve regeneration applications. The bioactivity and mechanical properties of PEG hydrogels can be tailored through the integration of bioactive factors (adhesion ligands, proteolytic sites, growth factors) and the alteration of PEG concentrations, respectively. For peripheral nerve regeneration, it will be important to determine the type and concentration of the bioactive molecules required to improve neurite extension. In this study, cell adhesion ligands (RGDS, IKVAV, and YIGSR) were covalently attached to PEG hydrogels. Both the type and concentration of cell adhesion ligand used affected neurite extension. Extension from PC12 cells was greater on hydrogels with RGDS incorporated than IKVAV, and the optimal concentration for each ligand was different. Cells adhered to but did not extend neurites on hydrogels with YIGSR. Cells did not adhere to hydrogels containing RGES. Furthermore, different combinations of these ligands affected neurite extension to different degrees. The mechanical properties of the hydrogels also significantly affected neurite extension. PC12 cells grown on more flexible hydrogels exhibited the greatest degree of neurite extension. PEG hydrogels have thus been developed with varying biochemical and mechanical properties that may enhance nerve regeneration. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 72A: 91–97, 2005
Thrombin peptide (TP508) treatment of rat growth plate cartilage cells promotes proliferation and retention of the chondrocytic phenotype while blocking terminal endochondral differentiation
Authors: Schwartz Z. , Carney D.H. , Crowther R.S. , Ryaby J.T. , Boyan B.D. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractA synthetic peptide representing the receptor‐binding domain of human thrombin (TP508, also known as Chrysalin®) accelerates fracture repair in rats via endochondral ossification and promotes repair of rabbit cartilage defects. To understand how this peptide might stimulate cartilage and bone formation, we employed an established in vitro model of growth plate cartilage regulation. Rat costochondral cartilage resting zone and growth zone chondrocytes were treated with 0, 0.07, 0.7, or 7 μg/ml TP508 or a scrambled peptide, TP508‐SP. Proliferation ([3H]‐thymidine incorporation) was examined in pre‐confluent cultures; effects on cell number, alkaline phosphatase activity, [35S]‐sulfate incorporation, and responsiveness to vitamin D metabolites were tested using confluent cultures. TP508 did not affect proliferation of resting zone cells but it caused a dose‐dependent increase in cell number and DNA synthesis of growth zone cells. Alkaline phosphatase specific activity of resting zone cells was reduced by TP508, whereas [35S]‐sulfate incorporation was increased. Neither parameter was affected in growth zone cell cultures. TP508 treatment for 24 h did not induce resting zone cells to respond to 1α,25(OH)2D3, either with respect to alkaline phosphatase activity or proteoglycan production. In contrast, TP508 treatment reduced the stimulatory effect of 24R,25(OH)2D3 on alkaline phosphatase but it did not alter the stimulatory effect of 24R,25(OH)2D3 on [35S]‐sulfate incorporation. In cultures treated for 48, 72, or 140 h with TP508, 1α,25(OH)2D3 restored alkaline phosphatase activity to control levels but did not stimulate activity over levels observed in untreated control cultures. The stimulatory effect of TP508 on [35S]‐sulfate incorporation was evident up to 48 h post‐confluence but at later time points, proteoglycan production was comparable to that seen in control cultures, control cultures challenged with 1α,25(OH)2D3, and cultures treated with TP508 followed by 1α,25(OH)2D3. TP508‐SP had no effect on any of the parameters tested. These results indicate that TP508 exerts maturation specific effects on chondrocytes in the endochondral lineage, promoting cartilage extracellular matrix synthesis over endochondral differentiation in resting zone cells and proliferation over differentiation of growth zone cells. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.